bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effect of 5-hydroxypyrimidine derivatives on the antitumor effect of gemcitabine, hematological parameters, and survival of mice with adenocarcinoma Ca755
Authors: Журиков Руслан , Коваленко Лариса , Алексеева Светлана , Никитин Сергей , Дурнев Андрей
Published: April 2023

Введение. Совместное применение цитостатиков с лекарственными препаратами из других групп является перспективным методом снижения гематотоксичности.
Цель. Оценить влияние производных 5-оксипиримидина и гемцитабина, а также их комбинаций на торможение роста опухоли, выживаемость и гематологические показатели животных с аденокарциномой Ca755.
Материалы и методы. Мыши линии C57BL после инокуляции аденокарциномы Ca755 получали СНК-411, СНК-578, гемцитабин или их комбинации со 2-го по 15-ый день развития опухоли. На 9, 16 и 21 день развития опухоли измеряли объем и рассчитывали торможение роста опухоли. На 22-ой день половину животных отсадили для исследования выживаемости, вторую половину животных вывели из эксперимента и взяли кровь для анализа.
Результаты. В экспериментальных группах активного контроля и при введении СНК-411, СНК-578 и гемцитабина отмечено снижение содержания гемоглобина и эритроцитов по сравнению с интактным контролем. Введение производных 5-оксипиримидина совместно с гемцитабином препятствовало угнетению кроветворения. Различия содержания тромбоцитов не выходили за пределы референсных значений. В межгрупповых показателях лейкоцитарной формулы не было выявлено значимых различий. Через 7 дней после 14-ти дневного введения СНК-411 торможение роста опухоли (ТРО) составило 45 %, у СНК-578 ТРО составило 53 %, введение гемцитабина вызывало торможение роста опухоли на 61 %. При курсовом введении СНК-411 совместно с двукратным введением гемцитабина ТРО составило 79 %. Совместное введение СНК-578 с гемцитабином вызывало торможение роста опухоли на 80 %. Увеличение продолжительности жизни (УПЖ) при введении гемцитабина составило 44 %, при введении СНК-411 — 18 %, при введении СНК-578 — 21 %. Совместное введение гемцитабина с СНК-411 вызывало увеличение продолжительности жизни на 62 %, сочетание введения СНК-578 с гемцитабином — на 71 %.
Заключение. Комбинация гемцитабина с производными 5-оксипиримидина позволила получить выраженный противоопухолевый эффект без проявлений гематотоксичности.
Orbital wall reconstruction with titanium nickelide implants in cancer patients: characteristics of reparative processes and the potential for their management
Authors: Штин Валентин , Новиков Валерий , Чойнзонов Евгений , Марченко Екатерина , Стахеева Марина , Кучерова Татьяна , Меньшиков Кирилл , Черемисина Ольга , Грибова Ольга
Published: April 2023

Цель исследования. Изучить влияние эндопротезирования с применением имплантатов из никелида титана на течение процессов заживления раневой поверхности после удаления опухолей полости носа и околоносовых пазух и возможность управления последними.
Материалы и методы. В исследование вошли 60 пациентов, получавших комбинированное лечение по поводу злокачественных опухолей полости носа и придаточных пазух Т3-4N0-1M0 в НИИ онкологии г. Томска с 2002 по 2021 гг. включительно. Все пациенты были подразделены на 3 группы в соответствии с видом имплантатов из никелида титана, которые использовались для восстановления стенок глазницы. Для купирования воспалительных изменений в послеоперационной полости, пациентам 1 и 2 групп проводилась магнитолазерная терапия с применением комбинированной установки «Милта-Ф». С целью определения влияния разных типов имплантатов на заживление раневой поверхности проводилось динамическое эндоскопическое наблюдение за послеоперационной полостью с забором материала на цитологическое и гистологическое исследование. Оценка эффективности проводимых реабилитационных мероприятий основывалась на данных клинических наблюдений за раневой поверхностью, изучения особенностей течения репаративных процессов и выявления осложнений, а также на основании изменений местного иммунитета на уровне цитокинового звена.
Результаты исследования. В ходе исследования была установлена прямая взаимосвязь между структурой имплантата и количеством осложнений эндопротезирования. Наибольшее количество осложнений было выявлено при использовании пористых имплантатов (33 %). Применение тканевых имплантатов позволило снизить количество осложнений до 26 %. Наиболее хорошие результаты удалось достигнуть при использовании третьего вида имплантатов — тонкопрофильных имлантатов из никелида титана с памятью формы (6 %). Помимо этого, было установлено, что применение магнитолазерной терапии в послеоперационном периоде способствовало активизации факторов неспецифической защиты и оказывало положительное влияние на иммунный статус в области раневой поверхности.
Results of FISH study of HER2 in triple-positive breast cancer
Authors: Урезкова Мария , Семиглазова Татьяна , Артемьева Анна , Кудайбергенова Асель , Семиглазов Владислав , Криворотько Петр , Семиглазов Владимир
Published: April 2023

Introduction. It is essential to accurately identify HER2-amplified tumors for effective classification and treatment of breast cancer patients. The most precise method for detecting HER2 gene amplification is fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) testing. When tumor status is uncertain in IHC analysis, FISH testing becomes necessary for proper classification into the category of triple-positive carcinomas. Data on the biology of such tumors and their response to therapy are limited and inconsistent, which makes this topic an interesting area for further research.
Aim. To characterize the distribution of HER2 FISH testing results in ER+/PR+ breast cancer.
Materials and methods. 247 samples of ER+/PR+ breast tumors were studied. The HER2 gene amplification was analyzed using the fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) method. The average number of signals from the centromere of chromosome 17 (CEN17) and HER2 gene per nucleus, as well as their ratio, were calculated. The results were grouped according to the level of amplification.
Results. In the triple-positive carcinoma group, the distribution of amplification groups was as follows: group 1 (HER2/CEN17 signal ratio ≥ 2.0, HER2 signals/cell nucleus ≥ 4.0) — 91.7 %, group 3 (HER2/CEN17 signal ratio < 2.0, HER2 signals/cell nucleus ≥ 6.0) — 7.3 %, group 4 (HER2/CEN17 signal ratio < 2.0, HER2 signals/cell nucleus 4.0 - 6.0) — 0.91 %. "Non-classical" FISH results were found in 92.8 % of cases. In the ER+/PR+/HER2- carcinoma group, the frequency of "non-classical" results was 30.4 %.
Сonclusion. In the triple-positive breast cancer group, the frequency of "non-classical" FISH results is 9 times higher than the frequency of such results in the general testing cohort (according to literature data) and 2 times higher than the frequency of such results in the ER+/PR+/HER2- cancer group. These results may be due to bidirectional crosstalk between the estrogen receptors and HER2 signaling pathways and may determine the biology of this group of tumors. Limited data on the interpretation and clinical significance of "non-classical" FISH results make it difficult to choose drug therapy for patients with breast cancer and determine the prognosis of the disease.
Prognostic significant of microsatellite instability in gastric cancer patients undergoing neoadjuvant therapy
Authors: Сунь Хэнянь , Неред Сергей , Трякин Алексей , Бугаев Владислав , Строганова Анна , Кузнецова Олеся , Чжун Баоцзюнь , Имаралиев Оятиддин , Стилиди Иван
Published: April 2023

Актуальность. Периоперационная химиотерапия является стандартом лечения пациентов с местно-распространенным резектабельным раком желудка (РЖ). Частота и эффективность периоперационной химиотерапии (ХТ) в зависимости от наличия микросателлитной нестабильности (MSI) у пациентов, получивших преоперационную терапию, остается неясной.
Цель. Изучить эффективность периоперационной терапии у больных РЖ с разным уровнем MSI.
Материалы и методы. В исследование включены 173 больных местно-распространенным РЖ, получивших периоперационную терапию в ФГБУ «НМИЦ онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина» Минздрава России. У всех больных проводился тест на микросателлитную нестабильность (MSI-H) с помощью BAT25, BAT26, NR21, NR24, NR27. Оценивалась степень патоморфологического регресса (TRG) по A.M. Mandard, безрецидивная (БРВ) и общая (ОВ) выживаемость.
Результаты. В 17 (9,82 %) случаях выявлена MSI-H. Высокая степень TRG выявлена у 15,17 % больных с MSS статусом, 0 из 12 больных — с MSI, получавших FLOT или FOLFIRINOX, и у 3 из 5 больных, получавших химиоиммунотерапию. 6-месячная БРВ у больных с MSS составила 93 % против 58 % у больных MSI-H, получивших ХТ, и 100 % — у больных из группы химиоиммунотерапии (р = 0,034).
Выводы. Наши данные показывают, что результаты системной периоперационной ХТ с использованием современных режимов у больных с MSI-H-статусом хуже, чем у больных с MSS-статусом. Добавление ниволумаба к химиотерапии позволили достичь высокой частоты (60 %) полного патоморфологического регресса у группы пациентов с MSI-H статусом.
On the diagnostic and prognostic significance of the oncomarker survivin (BIRC5) in bladder cancer
Authors: Панамарев Никита , Башмакова Евгения , Кудрявцев Александр , Черняев Денис , Мазаев Андрей , Слепов Евгений , Зуков Руслан , Франк Людмила
Published: April 2023

Цель исследования. Оценить содержание сурвивина в моче как диагностического маркера рака мочевого пузыря (РМП); изучить прогностическое значение полиморфизма -31G>C (rs9904341) в промоторной области гена BIRC5 в отношении агрессивности течения РМП среди населения Красноярского края.
Материалы и методы. Иммуноанализом определен сурвивин в 43 образцах мочи пациентов: с РМП — 27, другим вариантом злокачественного новообразования — 4, воспалительными заболеваниями мочеполовой системы и доброкачественной гиперплазией — 8, здоровых — 4. Разработанным авторами способом на основе биолюминесцентного анализа генотипированы образцы ДНК 285 пациентов с РМП и 183 здоровых доноров. Количественные данные сравнивали U-тестом Манна-Уитни, критерием χ2 Пирсона — частоты генотипов среди случаев РМП и контролей. Ассоциацию между полиморфизмом и РМП оценивали по отношению шансов с 95 % доверительным интервалом, p < 0,05 считали значимым.
Результаты. Установлено, что определение сурвивина в моче позволяет разделять пациентов с РМП и здоровых с чувствительностью 66,7 % и специфичностью 100 %. Повышенное содержание сурвивина обнаружено в образцах пациентов с воспалительными заболеваниями и доброкачественными гиперплазиями мочевыводящих путей.
Показано, что полиморфизм -31G>C (rs9904341) для пациентов Красноярского края при оценке риска возникновения РМП и развития рецидива заболевания не является значимым. Носительство аллеля GG является возможным предиктором агрессивного течения заболевания с быстрым прорастанием в мышечную стенку мочевого пузыря (48,7 % vs 35,7 %, p = 0,02).
Заключение. Сурвивин является хорошим преддиагностическим маркером для выявления пациентов с заболеваниями мочевых путей: его повышенный уровень в моче может указывать на развитие злокачественных (в т. ч. РМП) и доброкачественных гиперплазий, а также воспалительных заболеваний уротелия. Разработка отечественной «аларм» тест-системы по определению сурвивина в моче для быстрой и неинвазивной диагностики перспективна. Полиморфизм -31G>C (rs9904341) можно рассматривать как предиктор агрессивного течения РМП.
Dilated cardiomyopathy as a complication of chemotherapy
Authors: Чепурненко Светлана , Шавкута Галина , Демидова Анна
Published: April 2023

Введение. В статье приводится клинический случай развития дилатационной кардиомиопатии на фоне приема противоопухолевой терапии. Пациентка С., 41 года, обратилась на прием к кардиологу 02.12.21 г. с жалобами на одышку при ходьбе, отечность ног. Какой-либо связи с инфекционными заболеваниями и появлением одышки не отмечает. Перед этим проходила лечение в онкодиспансере с диагнозом рак яичника Т3сN1М1, стадия IV, метастазы в загрудинные и забрюшинные лимфоузлы. После 6 курсов неоадъювантной аутолимфохимиотерапии карбоплатином и паклитакселем выполнена полная циторедуктивная экстирпация матки с придатками, оменэктомия, холецистэктомия 11.04.2018 г. Затем было проведено 6 курсов адъювантной полихимиотерапии карбоплатином и паклитакселем.
Цель исследования. Выявить связь между развитием дилатационной кардиомиопатии у пациентки и проведенной химиотерапией.
Материал и методы. Эхокардиография, МРТ сердца с контрастным усилением.
Результаты. По данным эхокардиографии от 02.12.21 г., выявлена дилатация левого предсердия до 44 × 48 мм, правого желудочка — 26 мм, правого предсердия — 45 × 40 мм, левого желудочка. Конечный диастолический объем левого желудочка 255 мл, фракция выброса левого желудочка 25-28 %. По данным магнитно-резонансной томографии сердца, выявлено интрамуральное накопление и замедленное выведение контраста в межжелудочковой перегородке и в области её соединения со свободной стенкой правого желудочка, что свидетельствовало о повреждении миокарда. Через 3 мес. после терапии препаратами: метопролола сукцинат, сакубитрил/валсартан, ацетилсалициловая кислота, спиронолактон, торасемид, эмпаглифлозин, наряду с клиническим улучшением отмечается положительная динамика: уменьшение камер левого предсердия до 40 × 43 мм, правого желудочка — до 25 мм, правого предсердия — до 41 × 33 мм, конечного диастолического объема левого желудочка — до 190 мл, увеличение фракции выброса левого желудочка до 44-46 %.
Заключение. Таким образом, ключевым элементом для пациентов из группы высокого риска являются профилактические меры, направленные на предупреждение возможного кардиотоксического действия химиопрепаратов, а также поиск оптимальной терапии, направленной на устранение негативных последствий химиотерапии.
Ocean Acidification as a Hyperobject: Mediating Acidic Milieus in the Anthropocene
Authors: Batalla Oriol
Published: April 2023

Through the usage of Timothy Morton’s hyperobjects (2013) as a heuristic, this essay aims to portray how Ocean Acidification can be read as a hyperobject affecting tropical seawaters and beyond. Furthermore, it illustrates how the arts and humanities, through their hermeneutical gaze, might help us grasp Ocean Acidification as a hyperobject and the wide array of other objects that act upon each other in such acidic oceanic waters. In this task, the article will close-read the Underwater Woman set of pictures by Christine Ren (2018) understanding the interpretation of art as a tool to reconnect cognition and emotion to move from the understanding of a crisis to the feeling of such crisis. Finally, it aims to shed light upon the implications arising from considering Ocean Acidification as a hyperobject. By connecting the theoretical, visual and political in the same narrative, this essay highlights the transformative potential of interpretation and thinking through hyperobjects. With this, the challenges of the Anthropocene are put at the forefront, situating specific events and problematics in a planetary scale.
From "Erbario"
Authors: Borra Antonello
Published: April 2023

Poesia.
Sensing Scale in Experimental Gardens: Un-Lawning with Silphium Civic Science
Authors: Streit Krug Aubrey , Irons Ellie , Andersson Anna
Published: April 2023

Gardening experiments are timely in the context of what many now call the Anthropocene, an era that highlights questions of how humans collectively relate to the larger Earth systems in which we are embedded. In Ecocriticism on the Edge: The Anthropocene as a Threshold Concept, Timothy Clark reflects on the “unreadability” of the Anthropocene. He invites ecocritics to address this challenge by practicing “scale framing,” reading texts in variable and increasingly broad scales, and engaging the contradictions that emerge. We applied a scale framing approach to a story of relationships with Silphium integrifolium in an experimental gardening project. Silphium is a native North American perennial prairie plant being domesticated as a future oilseed crop. We are researchers and participants in a civic science project, in which individual garden sites are designed to collect data on and conserve silphium ecotypes while being linked into a wider network. In particular, we analyzed a civic science video story created by Ellie Irons called “Un-Lawning with Silphium.” Through our ecocritical analysis, we generated a framework to visualize nested and cross-scalar relationships in gardening projects. This framework could help inform the design and assessment of experimental gardening projects that feature the arts and humanities (e.g., digital narratives, ecocriticism, and pedagogy) and connect them with the natural and social sciences (e.g., plant breeding, botany, geography, and ecology) through transdisciplinary and participatory research methodologies for public engagement (e.g., civic science). We found that civic science gardening with silphium, and other gardening experiments in the Anthropocene, can guide public sensory engagements with scale, help spark recognition and investigation of contradictory scale effects, and motivate us to imagine and build relationships of caring responsibility.
Book Review of "Fantasy and Myth in the Anthropocene: Imagining Futures and Dreaming Hope in Literature and Media"
Authors: Tomàs White Mònica
Published: April 2023

Book review of Fantasy and Myth in the Anthropocene: Imagining Futures and Dreaming Hope in Literature and Media.
A Big Gay Garden: Cultivating Collective in Str*ke Time
Authors: Patrick Dp
Published: April 2023

No abstract.
Gardening (against) the Anthropocene. An Introduction
Authors: Sandilands Catriona , Gersdorf Catrin
Published: April 2023

Introduction to the guest edited section.
Credits 14.1
Authors: Sanz Alonso Irene
Published: April 2023

Credits 14.1
Editorial 14.1
Authors: Sullivan Heather
Published: April 2023

Editorial 14.1
Whole Issue 14.1
Authors: Arias Rubio Gala
Published: April 2023

Whole issue 14.1
CAPITAL MARKET AND MANUFACTURING SECTOR OUTPUT IN NIGERIA 1990 TO 2021
Authors: ONYEBUCHI ALAGBOSO EZEKIEL
Published: April 2023

The importance of the capital market to sustained growth and development of an economy cannot be overstated. The capital market acts as a catalyst for rapid and sustained manufacturing growth, especially in capitalist economies. However, the role of the capital market in the development of the Nigerian manufacturing sector has remained unaddressed and the effect has not been felt despite several policy tools by the government aimed at improving the manufacturing sector. The paper investigated the effect of capital market on manufacturing sector output in Nigeria from 1990 to 2021. The ARDL-ECM method of analysis was adopted in carrying out the analysis. Findings from the paper revealed that market capitalization has a positive impact on the manufacturing sector's output. The study recommends steps aimed at improving the capital market and all share indexes as both have a positive and significant impact on the manufacturing sector output as well as put in place measures to ensure that share prices are reflective of their real values.
THE ROLE OF THE LEGISLATURE IN DEVELOPMENT POLICIES IMPLEMENTATION IN NIGERIA
Authors: VALENTINE FELIX, Dr. AMIEYEOFORI
Published: April 2023

While Nigeria boasts as the most populous nation and the biggest economy in Africa in terms of nominal GDP, the Country lags behind some of its peers on the continent in development. The country has had five development plans since independence, without truly reaping the benefits of such projections. This paper, therefore, reviewed the reasons behind such failures and noted that the failures could be attributed to a lack of continuity in development planning from one government to another; a lack of political will by the incumbent government because of corruption across all sectors of the government and national life. Other factors identified by this paper for the repeated failure include the lack of a true sense of commitment and clear vision by the successive leadership. There is also the over-politicization of the entire process, by not tackling the core development issues in the country. Nigeria’s development plans are also too tailored along those of the developed economies rather than evolving a plan that is realistic and suitable to our environment. The paper also recognized other major constraints such as lack of financial capacity to implement these lofty ideas, the inadequacy of professional planners, indiscipline, and unnecessary partnership; poor and inadequate feasibility studies in planning; lack of accurate data; erratic and conflicting government policies which result in policy summersault and abandonment. There are also issues of lack of inter-ministerial and inter-disciplinary coordinating machinery, lack of proper project monitoring, lack of efficient public sector, and lack of proper public and private sector partnership. As a remedy to these repeated failures in development planning, the paper brought to the fore the constitutional roles of the legislatures as the bastion of any democracy, to stand up to their constitutional duties, in not only passing the bills, but also ensuring that they are signed into law, and also implemented to the benefit of the country.
FINANCIAL BEHAVIOR OF SMEs AS A MEDIATION OF FINANCIAL SELF-EFFICIENCY ON FINANCIAL ATTITUDES
Authors: RATNAWATI
Published: April 2023

In East Java's Greater Malang region, which has potential for small industries, the function of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) is particularly important. These MSME actors specialize in the food and beverage industry. The goal of this study is to examine how financial self-efficacy, financial attitudes, and financial attitudes' effects on financial behavior and attitudes' mediating effects on financial self-efficacy. 100 food and beverage SMEs in Malang Raya make up the study sample. SEM (Structural Equation Model) is the analytical instrument used, and Baron Kenny is used for the mediation test. The study's findings demonstrate how financial self-efficacy impacts financial behavior and attitudes, which in turn influences financial behavior.
SOCIAL CAPITAL AND PERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENT OF MSMEs THROUGH INNOVATION CAPACITY
Authors: NOOR ROKHMAN M. TAUFIQ
Published: April 2023

The purpose of this study is to prove the effect of social capital on the ability of innovation and the performance of MSMEs and the ability of innovation as a mediator. Using a quantitative approach with a sample of 110 MSME owners in Malang City, East Java, Indonesia. By using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis, it shows that social capital has an influence on the ability of innovation and the performance of MSMEs and the ability of innovation has an influence on the performance of MSMEs and the ability of innovation is able to mediate the relationship between social capitals on the performance of MSMEs. Based on the research findings, suggestions are put forward that MSME actors must be able to adapt to environmental changes so that future researchers can conduct studies on the business environment and market orientation in order to improve MSME performance.
Imperatives of Pedagogical Update for Mathematics Education: The Digital Technology Sensibility in a Resilient Professionals World
Authors: Akinwamide Comfort Oluwasesan , Olofin Samuel Oluwaseyi , Fagbemija Emmanuel Temidayo
Published: April 2023

This research examined the imperatives of pedagogical updates for Mathematics education professionals: The digital technology sensibility in a resilient word. What informed this research is the need for considering better ways of impacting mathematical knowledge and skills in students as the usages of Mathematics are geometrically increasing in this world of Technological advancement. Quasi- experimental research of pretest, posttest control group design was adopted. Multi-stage sampling technique was adopted in the selection of samples for the study. 101 Senior Secondary School II (SSSII) students were purposively selected as sample for the study base on access to smart phones/computer. Three null hypotheses were generated. Mathematics Performance Test (MPT) was the instrument used to collect data. The reliability of the instrument was calculated using Pearson Moment Correlation Analysis. ϒ=0.88 was obtained which showed that the instrument was good enough for the study. Pre and post tests were conducted and Data collected were analysed using t-test and Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA). The results obtained showed that the use of WhatsApp (treatment) has positive effects on students’ performance in Mathematics. Hence, it was recommended that WhatsApp as a means of communication in Social Media could be employed in the teaching and learning of Mathematics for better performance.
Internal Quality Assurance Policies and Practices in Colleges of Education in Ghana: Resource Dependency Theory Perspective
Authors: Aweso Davis Mawuena
Published: April 2023

The study examined internal quality assurance policies and practices in managing colleges of education in Ghana to meet the requirements of the Ghana Tertiary Education Commission in the perspective of resource dependency theory. The population were staff of the colleges of education. Purposive sampling technique was used to select 2 Principals, 6 Quality Assurance Officers, and 12 Department Heads in the Colleges. Telephone interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. The transcripts were imported into NVivo 11 for analysis. The study found that even though most of the Colleges are state-owned they have to depend on their internal structures to ensure processes meet government and regulatory body expectations. It was recommended that affiliate universities, in collaboration with the Ghana Tertiary Education Commission, should support the Colleges of Education to build internal capacity for Quality Assurance.
Effect of Corporate Governance on Financial Performance of Quoted Commercial Banks in Nigeria
Authors: Orumwense Esosa Kenny , Orumwense Osaro
Published: April 2023

This study investigates the impact of corporate governance on the financial performance of Nigeria's publicly traded commercial banks. The objective of this study is to determine if board size, board female gender, and board independence have effect on the financial performance of quoted commercial banks in Nigeria. Five (5) quoted commercial banks in Nigeria was examined, ranging from the years 2011 to 2020. Secondary data was used and obtained from the bank’s annual reports published in Nigeria Exchange Group. Cross-Sectional research design was used, and the method of data analysis used was panel multiple regression. Findings revealed that board independence has a significant impact on financial performance ( return on assets) of quoted commercial banks in Nigeria but shows negative relationship with financial performance ( return on assets) of quoted commercial banks, study further revealed that board size has a negative relationship with bank's financial performance (return on assets) but has significant value on the financial performance (return on assets) , findings also revealed that at least two female board members were represented in every corporate organization studied, female board membership has a positive relationship with banks' financial performance (Return on Assets), but shows insignificant value on financial performance (return on assets). The study concluded and recommended that, despite some of the independent variables shows insignificant values, Board independent, Board size, Board female gender mechanisms continue to be a critical component of corporate governance in achieving any organization's objectives, financial or otherwise.
Audit Committee and Performance: Evidence from Kenyan Deposit Taking Saccos
Authors: Ncurai Dennis, Mucee , Oloko Margaret , Rambo Charles Mallans
Published: April 2023

This research examined the effect of Audit committee characteristics on performance of Deposit Taking Saccos in Kenya. Audit committee characteristics was measured by independence, terms of service and study specialization as proxy. The study was guided by the Agency Theory and adopted descriptive cross-sectional survey and correlational research designs. A sample size was 108 licensed Deposit Taking Saccos drawn from a target population of 175. Primary data was collected from the board members and management executives. The analysis was done using descriptive statistics and multiple regressions. The study findings suggest that the overall correlation coefficient for Audit Committee characteristics and performance was found to be 0.144 with a p-value of 0.143> =0.05. This implies a weak positive and insignificant relationship between Audit Committee characteristics and performance. Based on findings, the study recommends proper constitution of audit committee with well spelt out terms of service and a consideration be made on appropriate study specialization. Independence of audit committee must be complied with to ensure conformity to best standards of practice. Areas for further studies suggested are conducting studies in other contexts to corroborate these findings and consideration of effect of other variables of Audit Committee characteristics on the performance.
Financial Re-Engineering and Financial Performance of Poultry Business in Nigeria
Authors: Dada Samuel Olajide , Akintoye Ishola Rufus , Alawode Olufemi Peter
Published: April 2023

The poultry industry as the largest employer of labour in the organised private sector and contributes 25% to Nigeria GDP. Previous studies had not adequately been able to integrate the process of capturing performance of poultry business using the balanced scorecard performance pillars. Thus, this study examined the impact of financial re-engineering on corporate performance and the sub-variables of the poultry business in Nigeria. The study used survey research. 4,324 active farmers and major stakeholders in the poultry industry from Nigeria's six geopolitical zones made up the study's population. The Taro Yamane sample size formula was used to determine the sample size of 450 with a response rate of 84%. The range of the constructs' Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficients was 0.87 to 0.95. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential (multiple regression) analysis with a 5% level of significance. The findings revealed that all financial re-engineering proxies had a significant effect on financial performance (Adj. R2= 0.535, F(5,379) = 87.901, p < 0.05).The study concluded that the study concluded that financial re-engineering has significant effect on financial performance of the poultry business while the lag in the adoption of modern technology including the usage of artificial intelligence and robotics reflected in sub-optimal performance which need be focused for effective asset utilisation. The study recommended the introduction of standards that will aid the starting point of using financial results to drive the business and make credit availability easier in support of various government and non-governmental aids and grants.
State Interference and Service Delivery in Nigeria’s Local Government Administration: The Case of Ado Local Government Area, Ekiti State, 2011 – 2021
Authors: Oluwaleye Janet Monisola
Published: April 2023

The establishment of local governments in Nigeria was motivated by the need for administrative convenience and development. The peculiarities of the grassroots government, according to efficiency service theorists, would engender national development. The purposes of the study, using mixed methods, were to investigate the challenge of state interference and the implications on service delivery in Ado Local Government Area, Ekiti State, Nigeria between 2011 – 2021. Primary data involved the use of online questionnaire and observation. The total of 103 respondents responded to the online questionnaires used for the analysis. Sources of secondary data include textbooks, reputable journals, and the internet. Primary data was analyzed statistically using frequencies, percentages and pie chart while content analysis was used for secondary data. The study discovers that state governments have been shortchanging local governments in Nigeria through their interference. The paper recommends political and financial autonomy for the local government to enhance sustainable development.
An Assessment of the Stakeholders Perception of Reinsurance and Insurance Products and Services on the Performance of Insurance Companies
Authors: Gbenro Oladipo Bolarinwa , Duramany-Lakkoh Ezekiel K. , Kamara Sheku
Published: April 2023

The primary purpose of this paper is to assess the stakeholder’s perception of reinsurance and insurance products and services on the performance of insurance companies in Sierra Leone. The general objective of the study is to asses factors influencing performance of insurance industry in Sierra Leone, with the specific aim to identify variables impacting mode of operation in underwriting, claim and finance departments in insurance Companies in Sierra Leone. Both quantitative and qualitative approaches were used in this study. Quantitative results were used to assess the effect of insurance and reinsurance on the performance of insurance companies in Sierra Leone. The qualitative data was used to establish the relationship and magnitude between insurance and performance by explaining the results in the research. In conclusion, the study was able to identify that insurance programmes around the world are highly variable and differ with respect to products, modes of distribution, management capacity, institutional maturity and in numerous other ways. Also, the socioeconomic context and environment in which the insurance programmes evolved influence the development and performance of insurance companies. This diversity makes insurance performance comparisons difficult and sometimes artificial; therefore, a measure of caution should accompany every conclusion about relative performance as in the case of Sierra Leone.
Obstacle to Effective Financial Policy Implementation in the Local Government System in Sierra Leone
Authors: Kamara Fatmata Bintu , Koroma Cintia , Duramany-Lakkoh Ezekiel K.
Published: April 2023

Financial policy making and implementation is one issue that cannot be over emphasized because of the important role it plays in the life of any organization wishing to survive and to grow in the face of dynamic environment, based on the need for organisations to achieve their objective. This research is conducted to study the obstacles to effective financial policies Implementation in the local government system in Sierra Leone with a particular reference to Waterloo Rural District Council. Public policy plays a crucial role in both local and national institutions in Sierra Leone. Whereas, public policy implementation has been fundamental to Sierra Leone since independence, the paradox of public policy Implementation has continued to militate the realisation of policy objectives in the country. The study uses a qualitative method to highlight the need for proper and effective policy Implementation while identifying some impediments to be tackled in ensuring that financial policies, particularly those relating to institutional or organizational development are effectively and timely implemented. These impediments include among others; corruption, ethnicity bad leadership, political instability, low public service structures. The study therefore put forward sustainable development measures, such as effective use of political will, eschewing social vices (like ethnicity, favoritism nepotism and mediocrity), continuity of policies between governments, eradication of corruption etc.
The essence of innovation and the innovation process in retrospect and in modern conditions: international aspect
Authors:   Baltic International Academy, Stecenko I.P.
Published: April 2023

Main problem: in conditions of increasing competition, when characterizing commercial structures, a fundamental role is given to innovations, which occupy important place in economic life of the organization. Accordingly, the study of their essence and content is of particular importance for growth of competitiveness of organizations, which determines the relevance of study. Purpose: to investigate essence of innovation and innovation process in retrospect and in modern conditions as main prerequisite for improving competitiveness of commercial organizations. Achieving this purpose required solving following research tasks: to reveal the content of theoretical approaches to the study of the main aspects of interaction between business and government in modern science; the differences between the concepts of “novelty”, “know-how”, “innovation” are investigated; the relationship of the triad of concepts “novelty”, “know-how”, “innovation” is determined; concept of “innovation” has been studied in retrospect; concept of “innovation” in market economy is studied (foreign experience); approaches to definition of concept of "innovation" in international innovation theory and practice are defined; content of innovation process is presented, as well as author’s alternative scheme of innovation process; authorэs view on interpretation of concepts of “innovation”, “innovation process” in modern conditions is presented. Methods: theoretical and methodological basis was concepts, hypotheses and theories presented in works of domestic and foreign researchers. The methodology is based on systematic approach, within which methods of comparative, factorial, subject-object, structural-functional, statistical analysis and extrapolation have been applied. Results and their significance: article examines concepts of “innovation”, “innovation process” in retrospect and in modern aspect. Approaches to concept of "innovation" are systematized, an alternative scheme of innovation process is proposed. It is proved that in modern conditions innovation should be considered as process system reflecting all aspects of innovation process, main purpose of which is to achieve efficiency.
Learning strategies and course design for online teaching of engineering sciences
Authors:   Abay Myrzakhmetov Kokshetau University, Aussilova N.M. , Pleskachev D.V. ,   Abay Myrzakhmetov Kokshetau University, Kussainova U.B. ,   Abay Myrzakhmetov Kokshetau University, Daurenova A.A. ,   Abay Myrzakhmetov Kokshetau University
Published: April 2023

Online learning is not at all like face-to-face learning. Knowledge and skills developed for face-to-face classes are not sufficient preparation for teaching online. It is even more difficult to teach courses in science, technology, engineering and mathematics entirely online, because these courses usually require more hands-on classes and live demonstrations. This article reports on the effectiveness of accepted learning strategies and the design features of online courses in a fully online statistics course from the point of view of students. Online education, including innovative and adaptive online course projects, as well as research on students' ability to interact with online course content, continues to grow in the field of higher education. The widespread use of smartphones and mobile applications makes online courses attractive to students who are on distance learning, promoting the concept of learning anywhere.
The right to education as a component of the effective development of legal culture
Authors:   Innovative University of Eurasia, Zhetpisov S.K. , Sabekova G.D. ,   Innovative University of Eurasia, Pyanzin M.V. ,   Innovative University of Eurasia
Published: April 2023

The main thesis of the proposed research is that in modern conditions of globalization, the realization of the right of citizens to education is an important and necessary condition for the development of society and the state. The right to education provides everyone with knowledge, skills, the development of creative abilities, guarantees the effective functioning of state and public institutions, national security, maintains stability in society and contributes to the development of a democratic, social rule of law state. The purpose of the study is to develop a holistic concept of constitutional and legal provision of the right to education in the Republic of Kazakhstan, taking into account international experience and developing proposals for improving domestic legislation regulating the right to education. The methodological basis is a system of philosophical and ideological approaches, principles, general scientific and special scientific methods that provided an objective analysis of the subject of research. The article substantiates that the state is also interested in ensuring the right to education for everyone, since it is education that creates qualified labor potential, provides training for professional specialists capable of effectively managing public affairs and performing its tasks. In turn, as a rule, an increase in the educational and qualification level of a person is the basis for salary growth, which affects the increase in tax deductions to the state budget, its filling, and therefore leads to economic growth of the state and society as a whole. The effective functioning of the education system in the state contributes to reducing unemployment (pupils, students belong to the category of the employed population), ensuring the vital activity of state institutions, national security, building a social state and establishing stability in society. Special attention in this article is paid to the implementation of scientific analysis of the right to education in the Republic of Kazakhstan in the context of modern international experience. The article makes a number of new theoretical conclusions and proposals, in particular: the signs of the right to education are classified into general (inherent in all categories of human and civil rights) and special (reveal the peculiarity of the right to education in the system of constitutional rights); the concept and content of the principles of the right to education are defined, what are the fundamental principles, ideas that determine its essence and the general direction of development.
Development of a new type of curd mass using a vegetable protein-containing component
Authors:   ", Sviderskaya D.S. ,   Toraighyrov University",   NJSC, Krasnopyorova Ye.F. ,   Innovative University of Eurasia, Shulenova A.M. ,   Innovative University of Eurasia
Published: April 2023

It is known that the nutritional value of proteins is primarily characterized by the composition of essential amino acids and is determined by their accessibility. Not just proteins are necessary for the good functioning of the human body, but a certain amount of essential amino acids. Since the lack or absence of any of them causes serious health problems. The problem of protein malnutrition is global for many reasons and to solve it, it’s necessary to study the prospects for the possible use of non-traditional sources of dietary protein, namely vegetable protein. Considering this, the article presents the results of studies conducted over several years, the objects of which were dairy and vegetable products and protein hydrolyzate from chickpea flour. At the same time, the possibility of its use as a filler of plant origin to improve the physicochemical and structural-mechanical properties of a new type of finished product was determined. The purpose of these studies is to develop a recipe and determine the technological stages of production of a new type of product of dairy and vegetable origin, which has a functional focus, in which vegetable products are used together with dairy components. It should be noted that when selecting components, preference is given to raw materials grown in the local region. When developing the recipe, the optimal amount of chickpea protein hydrolyzate to be added was determined, which makes it possible to give the finished product not only attractive commercial characteristics, which the modern consumer primarily pays attention to, but also to obtain such product properties that will help strengthen the immune system and the resistance of the human body to adverse conditions environment, what is especially important for the younger generation. When developing the technology of a new dairy-vegetable curd mass, the optimal modes of each technological operation and the stage at which it is most expedient to apply a vegetable component are determined. Launching the developed product into production, the manufacturer will not face the problem of the lack of the necessary equipment and its expensive acquisition, since the production organized according to the proposed technology is maximally adapted to the equipment available at enterprises engaged in the production of cottage cheese and curd products.
Technology for the preparation of a fermented milk product with the addition of watermelon juice
Authors:   Omsk State Agrarian University named after P.A. Stolypin, Chernopolskaya N.L. , Nikitin Ye.B. ,   Innovative University of Eurasia, Syzdykov M.A. ,   Innovative University of Eurasia, Berdalina N. ,   Innovative University of Eurasia
Published: April 2023

Main problem: the development of a new direction in the food industry – the so-called functional nutrition, which means the use of such products of natural origin, which, when systematically used, have a regulatory effect on the body as a whole or on its specific systems and organs, has been widely recognized all over the world: immunostimulants, biocorrectors for blood pressure, cholesterol levels, etc. When creating functional dairy products, ingredients of plant origin are increasingly included in recipes, which are sources of dietary fiber, vitamins and microelements, organic acids and other biologically active compounds, which can also serve as flavor fillers. Purpose: to develop a technology for the preparation of a fermented milk product with the addition of an extract from gourds. To do this, it was necessary: to select the amount (dose) of the yoghurt starter introduced into the prepared milk, and also to investigate the effect of temperature on the fermentation process of the drink; to investigate the amount (dose) of the vegetable filler introduced into the mixture and its effect on the organoleptic characteristics of the drink; to investigate the organoleptic properties of the drink with the melon culture extract added to it before fermentation and after fermentation; to investigate the effect of vegetable filler on the fermentation process; to investigate the effect of the dose of vegetable filler on the process of acid formation; conduct microbiological studies of milk and vegetable yogurt; to investigate the change in the acidity of milk and vegetable yogurt during storage; to investigate the effect of the freezing process on the chemical composition and biological value of the extract. Methods: when performing the practical part of the work, physicochemical, organoleptic and microbiological studies were used. Results and their significance: in the course of the study, it was concluded that by adding an extract of gourds to the technology for the preparation of fermented milk products, a new fermented milk product can be obtained that meets all physicochemical, organoleptic and microbiological requirements. As a result, an original method for the production of a fermented milk drink containing an extract from a melon culture was developed.
Tolerance in pedagogical communication
Authors:   Karaganda University named after E.A. Buketov, Ayagan E.S. , Analbekova K.T. ,   Karaganda University named after E.A. Buketov
Published: April 2023

In this article, the need to improve professional communication defines the tasks of improving the psychological and pedagogical qualifications of teachers of primary, secondary and higher education, their professional competence as an increase in interaction in the field of modern achievements in pedagogy, psychology, acmeology. In this regard, it is said about the more efficient use of modern private resources to build effective strategies for professional communication of teachers. The idea is revealed that acmeological design is used for individual work related to the strategy of life, the improvement of professional behavior or communication. It is proved that communication helps to plan and organize joint work; the goals of communication expand to gaining knowledge about the world, training and education, coordinating actions in joint activities, establishing personal and business relationships.