bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Speed of capillary blood flow and d-dimer levels in sickle cell anaemia patients in Calabar, cross river state
Authors: Effiong Ofonime Lawrence , Aneke John C. , Okafor Ifeyinwa Maryann , Soronnadi Clara Ngozi , Abasibom Iniobong Eno
Published: December 2021

Background: The experience of painful episodes of ill health caused by sequelae of erythrocytes sickling, impaired blood flow, hypercoagulation and vaso-occlusion is one of the hallmarks of sickle cell disease. Preventing painful episodes and promoting the physical wellbeing of persons with sickle cell disease is usually a major objective in the management of the condition. The purpose of this study is to investigate capillary blood flow and D-Dimer activities in people with sickle cell anaemia.Methods: A total of 90 subjects (27 males and 63 females) participated in the study, the study comprised of 34 HbSS patients, three were in crisis and thirty-one in steady state, 9 sickle cell carriers (HbAS) and 47 HbAA were control subjects. The haemoglobin phenotype was determined using haemoglobin electrophoresis at alkaline pH (8.6), speed of capillary blood flow was estimated using vascular Doppler ultrasonographic technique and D-Dimer was determined using ELISA method.Results: Results obtained showed that there was a significant variation (p=0.042) in the mean levels D-Dimer among the groups. There was however no significant variations (p>0.05) in the other parameters among the groups. A post hoc analysis of mean D-Dimer in sickle cell patients, sickle cell carriers and controls showed that the sickle cell patients had significantly higher D-Dimer levels compared with controls.Conclusions: Sickle cells patients in steady state had higher D-Dimer levels compared with controls and sickle cell patients in crisis had lower speed of capillary blood flow when compared to sickle cell patients in steady state and controls.
Reduced left ventricular ejection fraction in patients with acute coronary syndrome as a risk factor for mortality
Authors: Kadloor Parvaiz , Hidayathullah Mohammed , Golla Abhishek
Published: December 2021

Background: The study aimed to evaluate left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) as the risk factor for mortality in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).Methods: This was an observational, single centre study. The patients who were admitted at tertiary care centre in India during the period February 2014 to June 2015 who were diagnosed with ACS were included in the study. The patients were evaluated by dividing into two groups based on LVEF. The patients were followed up to 1 year.Results: Total 100 patients were included in the study. Chest pain was the most prevalent complaint (60%). Seventy patients presented with STEMI (ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction) and 30 with NSTEMI (non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction). Seventy five patients had ejection fraction ≥40% and 25 patients had reduced ejection fraction. Reduced LVEF did not show any statistical difference in patients with presentation as STEMI and NSTEMI or need for revascularisation. At year follow up, total 9 patients died. However, reduced LVEF led to statistically higher deaths (p<0.05%).Conclusions: In our study it was observed that patients with ACS complicated by heart failure with reduced ejection fraction have a markedly increased short- and long-term mortality rates compared to ACS patients without heart failure.
Study of clinical profile and outcome of patients with acute non-traumatic paraparesis
Authors: Malokar Sanjana S. , Kothari Saurabh V. , Nadgouda Onkar H.
Published: December 2021

Background: The following study is about the clinical profile and outcome of patients with acute non traumatic paraparesis. It includes the aetiology, clinical presentation and the outcome of various cases of acute non traumatic paraparesis. Paraplegia or paraparesis could be defined as loss of function of both legs as a result of disease or injury of the spinal cord, spinal roots, peripheral nerves or myopathies. Acute non-traumatic paraparesis is a neurological emergency. Reversible causes of acute paraplegia can be treated successfully if diagnosed early.Methods: The observational study was done in the department of general medicine at D. Y. Patil Hospital, Navi Mumbai with sample size of 75 patients over 1 year.Results: With early diagnosis prognosis of acute non traumatic paraparesis can be improved which was evaluated over period of 3 months.Conclusions: Acute non-traumatic paraparesis is a neurological emergency. Reversible causes of acute paraplegia can be treated successfully if diagnosed early. It is important to diagnose and classify all cases into compressive and non-compressive lesions based on presenting symptoms because the management of the two differs.
Clinico-radiological and functional outcome of surgical management of displaced transverse fracture of patella in adults managed by tension band wiring in a tertiary care hospital in North India: a prospective study
Authors: Spolia Pankaj , Nehru Ashish , Ghani Abdul , Arfee Sakib
Published: December 2021

Background: Patella is the largest sesamoid bone in the quadriceps tendon in the body. The main function of patella is to improve the efficiency of quadriceps muscle by improving the mechanical leverage of the quadriceps muscle. There are various methods used for fixation of these fractures. Tension band wiring (TBW) works by converting tensile forces into compressive forces when movements occur at the knee joint. The aim of our study was to evaluate the clinico-radiological and functional outcome of surgical management of displaced transverse fracture of patella in adults managed by TBW.Methods: This was the prospective study of 22 patients aged 20 to 60 years (mean age 41.4 years) with displaced transverse fractures of patella managed by TBW.Results: The final outcome was observed at 6 months follow up. The results were comparable with the existing literature. Radiological union was achieved within 10 to 16.2 weeks, with an average of 12.4 weeks. Out of 22, (n=16, 72.7%) had excellent outcome, (n=5, 22.7%) had good functional outcome, (n=1, 4.5%) had fair outcome. Complications were observed in 6 (27.3%) patients.Conclusions: It is concluded that the surgical treatment with TBW is the best treatment in the management of displaced transverse fractures of patella.
Role of Ayurveda based non-invasive intervention in management of ischemic heart disease patient of diabetes
Authors: Sane Rohit , Manohar Pramod , Mandole Rahul , Amin Gurudatta , Ghadigaokar Pravin
Published: December 2021

Background: The aim of the study was to determine the effectiveness of IRP therapy in patients of myocardial ischemia attending Madhavbaug clinics in Vidarbha region, Maharashtra.Methods: This was a retrospective study conducted from June 2019 to December 2019, wherein we identified the data of patients suffering from IHD (positive for inducible ischemia from stress test) of either gender or any age, and who had attended the Out-patient departments (OPDs) of Madhavbaug clinics across India. The data of patients who had been administered IRP with minimum 7 sittings over a span of 12 weeks were considered for the study.Results: In the present study, medical records of 50 patients of IHD were analyzed.  At the end of IRP therapy there was statistically significant reduction in weight, BMI, SBP, and DBP. VO2 peak was improved at the end of therapy i.e. 26.51±5.93 ml/kg/min as compared to baseline i.e.; 15.62±5.36 ml/kg/min and the difference was highly statistically significant (p<0.001). DTS improved from -2.93±5.88 at baseline to 3.21±6.03 at week 12 of IRP therapy and the difference was highly statistically significant (p<0.0001).Conclusions: Findings of present study suggest that IRP can serve as effective therapeutic option for the management of myocardial ischemia.
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus screening in healthcare workers: should a new protocol be introduced?
Authors: Gurjar Sahil , Mathur Namami , Jadhavar Sulochana R.
Published: December 2021

Background: In recent times, emerging resistance to majority of antibiotic classes seen in Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates is of concern in hospital-acquired infection. MRSA carriage by healthcare workers (HCWs) has been documented to be as high as 50% in some studies. Higher carrier rate increases the risk of developing active infection as well as transmission of infection to the patients. The study aims to establish a relationship between MRSA carrier rate and healthcare workers of a tertiary care hospital in Pune and understand the need for screening regimens, based on the outcome.Methods: A cross-sectional study including health care workers from a tertiary care hospital working in different clinical departments was carried out. Data was collected by taking samples of nasal swabs of 115 HCWs and inoculated immediately on blood agar. Culture plates were incubated at 37°C for 24 hours and colonies were tested by routine diagnostic techniques. Antibiotic sensitivity was tested using cefoxitin discs on Mueller Hinton medium.Results: Prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus carriage was reported in 19 out of 115 (16.52%) healthcare workers, of which 63.2% were MRSA and 36.8% were MSSA. Prevalence of MRSA among Orthopaedic surgeons and General surgeons showed a carrier rate of 25% and 18.2% respectively. Nurses had a prevalence rate of 0.39 %. Overall prevalence of MRSA carriage in healthcare workers was reported to be 10.4%Conclusions: MRSA carriage among HCWs at the hospital is considerably high. The high prevalence of MRSA carriage emphasizes the need for stringent hospital infection control and regular screening regimen of HCWs.
Study of oral glucosamine, methylsulfonylmethane and their combination in osteoarthritis of the knee
Authors: Eda Shashikala
Published: December 2021

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee is the most common degenerative joint disorder that results in disability and increased morbidity. Conventional treatment of OA with non-steroidal anti-inﬂammatory drugs (NSAIDs) often leads to serious adverse side effects that may increase morbidity and mortality. Glucosamine and Methylsulfonylmethane (MSM) have anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties which may supplement NSAIDs. Hence this study was aimed to determine the effectiveness and safety of these drugs in the management of knee OAMethods: 76 (63.33%) female and 44 (36.67%) male patients of OA of the knees were divided equally into four groups depending upon the therapy with Glucosamine or MSM or their combination (study groups) or none of them (control group) for 12 weeks. After the written consent, a detail Clinical History& Examination, Biochemical investigations, X-rays of chest and knees and ECG were done. The outcome of the treatment was assessed by Western Ontario and McMaster University Osteoarthritis (WOMAC) Index and for any adverse drug effects.Results: After 12 weeks of study there was significant decrease in mean WOMAC pain scores (27.29-39.13) and total aggregate scores (23.53-37.14%) in study groups (p<0.01-p<0.001) as compared to control group (14.28 % and 8.82% respectively). Besides the relief of pain and improvement in physical functions were superior in patients treated with combination therapy. Conclusions: This study showed Glucosamine & MSM are effective in the management of OA of knee and are safe health supplement to NSAIDs while their combination was more superior and effective.
Association of salivary pH in patients with dental caries and periodontal disease
Authors: Joshi Astha , Gupta Ankita , Lihala Ratika , Vaid Pulkit
Published: December 2021

Background: The aims of the study was to find out the prevalence of dental caries in healthy and periodontal disease and its association with salivary pH.Methods: A total of 80 healthy subjects reporting to the department of periodontology were selected. They were divided into four groups (clinically healthy gingival, chronic generalized gingivitis, chronic generalized periodontitis, and aggressive periodontitis) with 20 subjects in each. Periodontal parameters; decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) index and salivary pH were recorded. Unstimulated whole saliva was collected according to Navazesh method. The pH of saliva was immediately measrued using a single electrode digital pH meter.Results: Based on statistical test it was seen that caries prevalence and DMFT was found out to be least in aggressive periodontitis group, along with least mean pH value, as compared to the other 3 groups, p<0.05.Conclusions: The low prevalence of caries in aggressive periodontitis can be attributed to the low pH of saliva. Salivary pH plays a vital role in the formation of microbial film, which in turn has a significant role in the pathogenesis of both dental caries and periodontitis.
Treatment with clobetasol propionate 0.025% topical therapy in various dermatoses
Authors: Guttedar Ashwini , Mishra Nitin , Gupta Sanjay Kumar , Mohankar Atul Dilip , Sancheti Karan , Srivastava Kanchan , Sharma Puja , Gangwar Ashok , Jain Apoorva , Ganisetti Lakshmi Sitara
Published: December 2021

Owing to their anti-inflammatory and vasoconstrictive properties. Topical corticosteroids (TCs) provide benefits in various dermatological conditions, including atopic eczema, psoriasis, chronic hand eczema, and localized vitiligo. Clobetasol propionate (CP) is the most common topical agent possessing anti-inflammatory, antimitotic, antipruritic, and immunosuppressive properties that are employed in the management of plaque psoriasis. CP 0.025% cream was approved by the United States food and drug administration for the treatment of moderate-to-severe psoriasis in adult patients. The formulation is free from known contact allergens, such as propylene glycol, short-chain alcohols, and sorbitol-based emulsifiers, and has demonstrated hypoallergenic effects. High penetration of active ingredients and a lower degree of systemic absorption make CP 0.025% an effective and safe agent. This case series discusses the clinical experience of using CP 0.025% cream in various dermatologic conditions, focusing on its efficacy and safety.
Chronic subdural hematoma pressure measurement and its correlation with clinical characteristics and postoperative neurological outcome
Authors: Abraham Tinu Ravi , Mathew Shaju , Balakrishnan P. K. , John Ajax , Pareed Haris Thottathil , Jose Tom
Published: December 2021

Background: The pressure of the chronic SDH (subdural haemotoma), the age of the patient, preoperative GCS score and midline shift were considered prognostic dependent factors. The study aimed at the significance of the pressure of chronic SDH in the outcome of patients.Methods: A correlation between subdural hematoma pressure and preoperative and postoperative clinical variables such as hematoma volume, midline shift, age, GCS score and postoperative modified ranking scale score as well as complications were assessed and analyzed.Results: According to the pressure of chronic SDH, 56 patients were grouped into 4 groups. In the pressure group <15 cm/h20 group the mean age was 85 and postoperative ranking score was 3 and the recurrence was 21 % while in high pressure group (>25 cm/h20) the mortality was 14% and no recurrence.Conclusions: The pressure of the chronic SDH has significant prognostic value in chronic SDH surgeries.
Short term outcome of midline laparotomies in view abdominalfascia closer
Authors: Gandhi Chinmay S. , Mote Dajiram G. , Shivani Zahid , Sama Kalan Kumar
Published: December 2021

Background: This is a prospective non randomized observational comparative study for surgical site infections and surgical site occurrences after laparotomy fascia closer with two different techniques. Regular bite remains the standard of care in most hospitals. Laparotomies were done for elective and emergency cases.Methods: There were two techniques used to close abdominal wall fascia. The present study has evaluated small bite abdominal closer verses regular bite closer. Author and his team had used small bite fascia closer technique for all laparotomies, while other group of surgeons utilized regular bite fascia closer.Results: Out of 26 laparotomies in short bite closer, 8 had surgical site infections and surgical site occurrences, while 26 laparotomies in regular bite closer group had 15 patients with surgical site infections and surgical site occurrences. There is significant reduction in surgical site infection and surgical site occurrences observed in small bite abdominal closer group.Conclusions: It is recommended all laparotomies elective or emergent should be closed with small bite technique as it reduces surgical site infections and surgical site occurrences.
Desarda versus Lichenstein repair in treatment of inguinal hernia: our experience in KVG Medical College and Hospital
Authors: Ramu Abhirup H. , Kenchetty Priyanka , Chidananda Aishwarya K.
Published: December 2021

Background: Desarda technique of inguinal hernia repair introduced in 2001 is still not considered standard tissue-based hernia repair technique. The aim of the study was to compare the tissue based Desarda technique with standard Lichtenstein repair in treatment of primary inguinal hernia.Methods: 72 cases were allocated into 2 groups. Desarda (D Group) had 36 and Lichtenstein (L Group) had 36 patients. Primary outcome factors included operative time measured from skin incision to skin closure. Post operative pain scores was using Sheffield scale. Ecchymosis, hematoma, seroma, surgical site infections, foreign body sensation etc. were evaluated as postoperative complications. A follow up examination was planned for 6 month to look for early recurrence (<6 month) and chronic groin pain.Results: Mean age in desarda’s group 44.94±15.5 years while Lichtenstein group was 45.47±13.12 years. The mean duration of surgery 42.83 min (D) versus 50.72 min (L). Duration of hospital stay 3.38 days (D) versus 4.08 days (L). Time taken to return to normal and work activities was significantly less in Desarda group (p=0.001). After 6-month mean follow up period 1 recurrence is noted in each arm (p=1).Conclusions: On comparison of Desarda with Lichtenstein repair. Desarda technique does not use a mesh. Patients after Desarda's operative procedure gets normal activity sooner as compared to the standard Lichtenstein mesh repair. Complications similar to standardized technique. We also found the use of Desarda technique in patients with indirect hernia is a technically sound option than Lichtenstein technique.
Comparison of single dose versus multiple doses of antibiotic prophylaxis for prevention of surgical site infection
Authors: Das Swapan , Kundu Rajib , Chattopadhyay Bani Prasad
Published: December 2021

Background: Surgical site infection is a common problem following general surgical procedures. Despite major improvement in antibiotics, improved antiseptic measures SSI continues to present a big challenge. In this study we will compare single dose versus multiple dose antibiotic prophylaxis for prevention of SSI in clean and clean contaminated surgical wound.Methods: This is an institution based prospective, comparative study, with total 60 patients as study population. Clinical finding, wound swab culture and routine haematological reports were taken as study variables. Patients receiving single dose antibiotic and multiple dose antibiotic were included in ‘Group A’ and ‘Group B’ respectively. The surgical sites were examined from post-operative days 3 to 8 for signs of infection.Results: In This study, 46.7% patients were female, and 53.3% patients were male. In Group-A, patients having post operative fever, tachycardia and leucocytosis were 16.7%, 13.3% and 20.0% respectively. 6.7% patients had purulent and 10.0% patients had seropurulent discharge from wound. In Group-B, patients having post operative fever, tachycardia, and leucocytosis were 13.3%, 16.7% and 13.3% respectively. 6.7% patients had purulent and seropurulent discharge from wound. There is no statistically significant difference between two groups regarding post operative fever, tachycardia, leucocytosis and wound discharge.Conclusions: There is no significant difference between single dose and multiple dose antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent SSI in patients for elective clean and clean contaminated surgery however single dose is more cost effective.
Role of C-reactive protein in predicting the outcome of acute pancreatitis
Authors: S. Venkatesh , V. Neetha , S. Manish , B. Krishnan P.
Published: December 2021

Background: Acute pancreatitis is one of the most commonly encountered clinical entities in surgical practice and controversy still exists regarding the clinical features of acute pancreatitis. An early diagnosis, however, is regarded as mandatory for successful treatment. Over the years many Authors have proposed different scoring systems for the early assessment of the clinical evolution of acute pancreatitis. The most widely used scoring systems are often cumbersome and difficult to use in clinical practice because of their multi factorial nature. Thus, a number of unifactorial prognostic indices have been employed in routine hospital practice, such as C-reactive protein (CRP), serum amylase and serum lipase. These serum enzymes are easy to obtain in normal clinical practice and many authors consider them as reliable as multi factorial scoring systems.Methods: A hospital based observational prospective study was done with 30 patients to measure C reactive protein levels in patients of acute pancreatitis and evaluate if CRP levels predict the severity of pancreatitis.Results: In cases where CRP was raised >100 mg/dl on day 7 and beyond showed either a complication or increased duration of stay and delayed recovery. This correspondence of CRP with the clinical outcome co related well with other parameters like blood counts, serum lipase and amylase levels too.Conclusions: Hence, CRP can be a very useful uni factorial tool in assessing and thereby predicting the outcome in a case of pancreatitis.
Recurrent hydatid disease, a case report and literature review
Authors: Lee Frances M. , Gaszynski Rafael , Merrett Neil
Published: December 2021

Hydatid disease (HD) remains endemic in Australia, with estimated incidence highest in rural and indigenous populations. Its recurrence is defined by new active cysts arising after appropriate therapy, and affects anywhere between 2-25% of total cases. Available treatment options include surgical resection, percutaneous drainage, and chemotherapy. Interestingly, their individual contributions to long-term minimisation of recurrence are scarcely described in the literature. We present a unique case of a 27-year-old female with recurrent hepatic HD requiring repeat operations and long-term chemotherapy. Prevention and treatment of recurrent HD requires careful evaluation of a multitude of factors, including disease characteristics, patient attributes, physician expertise and availability of resources. Consistent long-term follow up is required to better ascertain the long-term efficacy of reported treatment modalities for preventing recurrence. Despite a growing body of research looking at treatment of HD, there remains a considerable amount of controversy regarding most effective approach for minimising and preventing its recurrence.
An unusual presentation of mycotic aneurysm of popliteal artery and the challenges faced: a case report
Authors: Kuruvilla Obed Manuel , Narayanapanicker Arun , Antony Anu Tresa
Published: December 2021

Mycotic aneurysm of popliteal artery is a very rare condition, most commonly caused by gram positive organisms. This term was coined by William Osler describing aneurysms associated with bacterial endocarditis. Though cases of peripheral vessel mycotic aneurysm are very rare, it is a dangerous condition as it can go for rupture/ thrombosis. The treatment of choice is resection and revascularization, preferably by using autologous vein graft along with antibiotics. A 35-year-old female who presented with features of cerebrovascular accident, during the course of stay was diagnosed to have mycotic aneurysm of the left popliteal artery. We describe the clinical course, investigation findings and challenges faced in management of the case.
A unique method for management of benign colonic masses: case report
Authors: De Anushtup , Nandi Bhaskar , Bajwa Jaspreet Singh , Singh Rajesh K. , Parwan Deepika , Dager Poonam , Solanki Chandraketu
Published: December 2021

Even though lipomas are most common non-epithelial tumors of the large intestine, they mostly present with non-specific symptoms. Intussusception is the most common morbidity related to such lesions and may present as intestinal obstruction. We present here a case of a young female who presented to gastroenterology department as a case of pain abdomen and nausea and a provisional diagnosis of subacute intestinal obstruction was kept. Contrast enhanced CT confirmed a diagnosis of intussusception due to an ascending colon mass? likely lipoma. The colonoscopy was done and biopsy was taken which was non-specific for malignancy. Patient, after taking due consent, was taken for surgery and laparoscopic assisted submucosal excision of lipoma was done and we will discuss the same. Endoscopic excision of lipomas has been reported but when failed, mostly segmental resection of the colon has been reported. To the best of our knowledge, this is the second reported case of laparoscopic assisted colotomy with submucosal excision of an intussuscepting colonic lipoma and first one in ascending colon.
Seat belt syndrome: a case report
Authors: Nigam Vinod Kumar , Nigam Sidharth
Published: December 2021

Seat belt syndrome happens when a car meets an accident and person sitting in the car with seat belt on gets abdominal injuries typically, seat belt mark with intestinal injuries and factures of ribs and lumber spine. The abdominal injuries are usually intestinal perforations. Doctor seeing the motor vehicle accident must keep in mind seat belt syndrome while examining. As the traffic rules are getting enforced strictly in developing countries we are seeing seat belt syndrome cases in these countries more and more. We presented here a case of seat belt syndrome in 35 years old women.
Açaí production in the municipality of São Miguel do Guamá, Pará: perspective of açaí beaters
Authors: Ribeiro Leinara Onça , Oliveira Bastos Adriene De , Costa dos Santos Cassio Rafael , Donicht Fernandes Ana Paula
Published: December 2021

The pulp of the açaí fruit is a staple food for a large part of the population of Pará. Nonetheless, despite the significance of açaí product for the regional economy, there is a gap in the literature on the market potential for processing this fruit. Thus, the objective of this study was to identify the challenges and opportunities of açaí beaters in the development of the activity in the municipality of São Miguel do Guamá, state of Pará, Brazil. This investigation is characterized as applied research, composed of qualitative and quantitative approaches. Data collection was based on interviews with açaí beaters and with linked production chains: middlemen, waste loaders, financial support institutions, and support institutions. The results were submitted to SWOT analysis to determine the risk factors of the internal-external matrix. As an internal risk factor, it was observed the difficulty to maintain income during the harvest period, given the decrease in the availability of raw materials and the drop in the price of the product. Externally, the risk is due to the lack of strengthening of collective organizations. It was also observed that there is a great distance between the açaí beaters and the public actors of the support institutions. The SWOT analysis was effective in identifying the activity that faces severe threats and weaknesses, internally and externally, which serves as a warning to the municipality, institutions, and actors regarding the greater attention needed to its production chain, which is evidenced by the lack of investments in this activity.
Civil Identity Formation within Contemporary Informational Space (Historical Policy and Educational Practices)
Authors: Malkin Stanislav
Published: December 2021

The main focus of the article was on the impact of current historical policy affecting the foreign and domestic political interests of the Russian Federation (mainly in the fields of interethnic relations and international law) on the educational strategies of the authorities, designed to facilitate or impede the process of forming a Russian civil identity. Specific historical and contemporary examples show that the latter has long been considered as a humanitarian technology for solving state problems in this field, within the contemporary informational space with a cumulative effect in terms of the space of politically engaged versions of different pages of history, especially closely related to the formation of the contemporary world order. Accordingly, the focus of the study is the contradictions between the historical and educational policies of the Russian Federation, which are analyzed through the lens of the evolution of the aims of the authorities in matters of the historical education and historical memory, their norm-legal regulation and institutional support, as well as real educational practices after 1991. The experience of the several years (since 2014) on the introduction of the historical and cultural standard for teaching the school course of the history is considered as a collective attempt by the authorities and society to lead historical and educational policies to a common denominator in terms of the content and value. The special accent in the article concerns the problems of the teacher professional training for the implementation of the state historical and educational policy of the Russian Federation within given framework, considering the specifics of the contemporary informational space. Both methodological and organizational restrictions were identified in secondary and higher schools (primarily at specialized faculties of pedagogical universities), which have a significant impact on the formation of civil identity through historical education, both at the stage of training pedagogical personnel and in the process of studying the school course of the history.
The Chambery Tragedy (June 1945): the Causes and Historical Context of the Attack on the Spaniards in France
Authors: Sagomonyan Alexander
Published: December 2021

On June 15, 1945, a mass attack took place in the French city of Chambery on a train carrying Spaniards traveling from Germany to their homeland. As a result, more than a hundred people were killed and injured. The French authorities presented this incident as a spontaneous wave of popular indignation against the soldiers of the Spanish “Blue Division”, who fought as part of the Nazi Wehrmacht. However, this version is unlikely (this division was disbanded and withdrawn long ago). There are many indications that this action was carried out with the sanction of the French authorities. According to some researchers, such reprisals, not uncommon for liberated France, demonstrating “national hatred of fascism”, were intended — not least оf all — to change the skeptical attitude of the victorious powers to France. This was especially relevant on the eve of the Potsdam Conference. The events in Chambery can also be seen as an attempt to “atone” for the Spanish Republicans for the cruel treatment of refugees from a neighboring country after the end of the Spanish Civil War of 1936—1939.
The Evolution of Russian Government Priorities for Scientific and Technological Development: 1990s — 2010s
Authors: Sekirinskiy Denis
Published: December 2021

As the Soviet Union collapsed, science and technology policy in Russia turned out to be out of the decision-makers’ attention focus. The socio-economic transformations of the early 1990s negatively affected the scientific and research organizations, which led to a gradual stagnation in the development of scientific knowledge. By the mid-1990s it had posed a threat to the whole scientific potential of the country. Such a crisis triggered debates on what measures should be taken to reorganize state science and technology policy. The reorganization was marked by the practice of goal-setting, a process based on both historical background and socio-economic tasks of a specific time period with all the participants sharing common perspective of the future. This article is an overview of the key program and strategic documents adopted in the period from the mid-1990s till the late 2010s. These documents reflect the evolution of state priorities for scientific and technological development. The analysis of these documents allows us to trace how the scientific and technical policy of the Russian Federation has been transformed from the principle of preserving and supporting the already existing scientific potential to the principle of finding response to specific challenges.
The Rise of Transnational Corporations from Developing Countries in the Second Half of the 20th Century
Authors: Kuznetsov Alexey
Published: December 2021

The article highlights three stages of the formation of multinationals from developing countries. Although first Argentine TNCs appeared at the turn of the 19th — 20th centuries, in the majority of the Global South countries TNCs appeared in the 1960s — 1980s. With the collapse of the bipolar world order, which in many developing countries was accompanied by significant internal political and economic transformations, the second stage of foreign expansion of TNCs from the Global South began. Indeed, in 1990 they accounted for 6 % of global outward foreign direct investment stock, while the figure was 10 % by the end of 2005. We date the beginning of the third stage to the financial and economic crisis of 2007—2009, since multinationals from developing countries as a whole are more successfully overcoming the period of turbulence in the global economy. By the end of 2020, they accounted for 22 % of global outward foreign direct investment stock, and during the COVID-19 pandemic crisis they generally exported more than 50% of the capital. The modern foreign expansion of such TNCs has many reasons, differs greatly from country to country, and often differs slightly from the specifics of Western multinationals. At the same time, initially, “late internationalization” in developing countries had two main vectors — the use of new opportunities for South — South cooperation and overcoming, through the creation of subsidiaries in highly developed countries, the shortcomings of the business environment of “catching up” countries.
History of Post-Soviet Migrations in Russian Science of the 21st Century
Authors: Pivovar Efim
Published: December 2021

The paper is devoted to the latest Russian historiography of migration processes in the post-Soviet space. The author considers the most important research projects of academic institutions and universities of Russia in the field of history and modern dynamics of post-Soviet migrations, covers key trends and results of the development of migration issues in the framework of various areas of Russian science. The author comes to the conclusion about the need for further in-depth development of the recent history and modern trends in the migration policy of the CIS countries, the role of migration in the dialogue of cultures and civilizations in the post-Soviet space, including within the framework of international cooperation of Eurasian scientists.
Conservative-Clerical Utopia in Mexico: the Synarquista Movement
Authors: Schelchkov Andrey
Published: December 2021

The radical revolution 1910—1917 in Mexico, gave rise to a powerful conservative movement, supported by the masses in regions where revolutionary changes had conflicting results, contributing to the formation of a kind of Mexican “Vendée”. Such a region was the center of the country — Bajio, which became the scene of sharp clashes in the 1920s, which resulted in the civil war of the cristeros, who raised their arms after the adoption of anti-church legislation. After the defeat of the cristeros, the leadership in confronting the revolutionary government shifted to the Synarchist movement, which rejected violence as a form of political struggle. Synarchism in the 1930s — 1940s turned into the most influential and massive political force of the opposition, representing integralist Catholicism, hispanism, traditionalism in ideology and a combination of totalitarian practices with the rejection of the struggle for power. The movement declared itself a “crusade” against world Jewry, liberalism and communism, felt itself a messianic asceticism. It was able to mobilize, under millenarian slogans, the masses of the peasant and urban population of Mexico. The Synarchists embarked on their utopian social project for a truly Catholic society through the creation of the colony “María Auxiliadora” in Baja California. More than a thousand Synarchists took part in this venture. The collapse of this project and changes in the political situation in the country at the end of the 1940s led to the decline of the movement, and then its ban by the authorities. This work is devoted to the analysis of the ideology and political practice of Synarchismo, which occupied an important place in the history of the conservative popular movement in Latin America, and in Mexico in particular, in the 20th century.
The Role of Fedor Schmitt in Museum Diplomacy of the 1920s — 1930s
Authors: Ananiev Vitaliy
Published: December 2021

The article analyzes the scientific dialogue between the leading Soviet and world representatives of museological thought, in particular between F. I. Schmitt and J. Hilaire. The basis for the publication was the correspondence of Schmitt and Hilaire on the publication of an article by the Soviet scientist in the 1931 issue of the “Les Cahiers de la République des lettres, des sciences et des arts” on the reform of world museums. The USSR did not stand aside from radical transformations in world museum activity, for this reason the leading world publication showed a strong interest in the participation of the Soviet scientist in the preparation of this volume.
The Growing Role of the Mutual Understanding
Authors: Davidson Apollon
Published: December 2021

This article is devoted to the problem of mutual understanding, without which the harmonization of international relations is impossible. The problem of mutual understanding in international relations is considered on the example of Anglo-Russian and Anglo-Soviet relations in recent centuries. The friendly and hostile nature of relations between countries and peoples can be traced both in the official position of government departments and in the unofficial indoctrination of political elites, the press and scientific publications. Despite the long tradition of bilateral hostility, there are also reverse trends, indicating an increase in the level of mutual understanding between the two countries.
Moscow — the Third Rome? Between the Founding Myth and the Destructive Mirage
Authors: Liechtenhan Francine-Dominique
Published: December 2021

Thanks a new Italian and German historiography, the concept of the “Third Rome” is approached more critically than that applied by the historians of the 19th century. This idea is part of an eschatological historiosophy, born in Muscovy following the refusal of the union signed during the Council of Florence. The Russian princes and Church found themselves at the head of the Orthodox Ecumene and thus avoided positioning as successors to the Byzantine Empire. The theory of the Third Rome, developed by Philotheus, never became an official ideology; it was understood as translatio religionis and not as translatio imperii, with Holy Russia positioning itself as the home of the true faith.
The Features and Results of the Dialogue between Germany and the Nordic Countries in the Political and Military Spheres in the 2010s
Authors: Trunov Philipp
Published: December 2021

The article examines the dynamics of Germany's relations with the Nordic countries in the military-political sphere in the 2010s, taking into account the historical experience of their contacts. The author tries to explore both regional and bilateral (interstate) levels. The article shows that the foreign policy of Prussia and then Germany before the World War II, based on the active use of military instruments, was one of the reasons for Sweden (1814) and Finland (1955) to choose a neutral status in the military sphere. Chronologically, special attention is paid to the period of the new Cold War between Euro-Atlantic security community and Russia. The article attempts to show that Germany is not interested in the rejection of Sweden and Finland from their conditionally neutral status de jure. Another question is how Germany used the new Cold War to deepen and expand its contacts with all the countries of Northern Europe. The article also discusses the influence of the Donald Trump factor on these relations. Starting in 2018, we may face increased use of the Bundeswehr in military exercises organized in the region. The article attempts to analyze the determination and dynamics of this trend.
Reduce Carbon Emissions of Logistic Transportation Using Eight Steps Approach in Indonesian Automotive Industry
Authors: Suratno  , Ichtiarto Bonivasius Prasetya
Published: December 2021

The global competition encourages Indonesia to advance the economy, especially in manufacturing by implementing sustainable manufacturing. Companies must consider transportation costs and concern for the environment due to the large increase in greenhouse gas emissions and the increase in NOx, Particulate, and various other harmful pollutants. Emissions from transportation activities cause global climate change and damage air quality and human health in regional and urban areas. At the same time, the movement of empty containers can result in air pollution due to CO2 emissions which have a negative impact on sustainable development. This study aims to reduce carbon emissions in the logistics transportation chain in the Automotive Manufacturing Industry. The method used is the Eight Step Approach. The method used is systematic and structured from defining the problem to standardizing improvements. Analysis of the causes of the problem and proposed improvements are determined by Focus Group Discussion (FGD) with expert judgment. The source of the data obtained comes from field observations, FGD, company reports from 2019 to 2021. This research has proven that reducing carbon emissions has an impact on company profits. The largest decrease was contributed by improvements in transportation routes. The ratio of reducing carbon emissions by 2020 is 2.6% or an increase in efficiency compared to the previous year.
Metaheuristic Optimization of PD and PID Controllers for Robotic Manipulators
Authors: Bounouara Nadia , Ghanai Mouna , Chafaa Kheireddine
Published: December 2021

In this paper, the Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm (PSO) is combined with Proportional-Derivative (PD) and Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) to design more efficient PD and PID controllers for robotic manipulators. PSO is used to optimize the controller parameters Kp (proportional gain), Ki (integral gain) and Kd (derivative gain) to achieve better performances. The proposed algorithm is performed in two steps: (1) First, PD and PID parameters are offline optimized by the PSO algorithm. (2) Second, the obtained optimal parameters are fed in the online control loop. Stability of the proposed scheme is established using Lyapunov stability theorem, where we guarantee the global stability of the resulting closed-loop system, in the sense that all signals involved are uniformly bounded. Computer simulations of a two-link robotic manipulator have been performed to study the efficiency of the proposed method. Simulations and comparisons with genetic algorithms show that the results are very encouraging and achieve good performances.
Performance Improvement in Steam Turbine in Thermal Power Plants Using Artificial Neural Network
Authors: Abdullah Fawaz S. , Hamoodi Ali N. , Mohammed Rasha A.
Published: December 2021

Artificial intelligence has proven its effectiveness in many industrial fields to enhance the existing functionality. Artificial intelligence and machine learning algorithms integrated with turbines can be useful in controlling important variables such as pressure, temperature, speed, and humidity. In this research, the Simulink library from MATLAB is used to build an artificial neural network. The NARMA L2 neural controller is used to generate data and for training networks. To obtain the result and compare it with the real-time power plant, data is collected. The input variables provided to the neural network have a large effect on the hidden layer and the output of the neural network. The circuit board used in this research has a DC bridge, a transformer and voltage regulators. The result comparison shows that the integration of artificial neural networks and electric circuits shows enhanced performance with high accuracy of prediction. It was observed that the ANN integration system and electric circuit design have a result deviation of less than 1%. This shows that the integration of ANN improves the performance of turbines.
Sliding Mode Control for a DC Motor System with Dead-Zone
Authors: Omar Fezazi , El Mrabet Abderrahmane Haddj , Belkraouane Imad , Djeriri Youcef
Published: December 2021

Due to the simple structure of DC motors, the natural decoupling between torque and speed, and its low cost the DC motors have been widely used in electromechanical systems, the paper deals with the experimental method of DC motor Coulomb friction identification that caused the dead nonlinear zone and proposed a nonlinear model of the DC motor, then a sliding mode strategy is developed to control the DC motor in high and low speed for bidirectional operation, The experimental implementation using Dspace 1104 demonstrate that the proposed sliding mode control can achieve favorable tracking performance against non-linearities for a DC motor.
A Heterogeneous Vehicle Routing Problem with Soft Time Windows for 3PL Company’s Deliveries: A Case Study
Authors: Ismail Basma , El Enin Mahmoud Abo , Osama Mariam , Abdelhaleem Mariam , Geris Michael , Kamel Mohamed , Kassem Sally , Fahim Irene S.
Published: December 2021

Route optimization is tactically important for companies that must fulfill the demands of different customers with fleet of vehicles, considering multiple factors like: the cost of the resources (vehicles) involved and the operating costs of the entire process. As a case study, a third-party logistics service provider, ABC Company, is introduced to implement optimization on. Furthermore, ABC Company’s problem is defined as route optimization and load consolidation problems that will be solved as heterogeneous vehicle routing problem with soft time windows (HVRPSTW). In this paper’s case, Vehicles travel from a central depot with a restricted capacity, serving clients just once within a defined time interval and providing a needed demand before returning to the central depot. ABC Company’s problem is mathematically formulated and solved using branch and bound method. The formulation is solved on LINGO. The final output is the route, time, cost, and load of each vehicle.