bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fostering Ethical Business Practices: A Bibliometric Review of the Linkages of Organizational Culture, Environment, and Business Ethics
Authors: Hakim Arif Rahman , Asfiah Nurul
Published: December 2024

Business ethics is becoming an important concern in the era of increasing sustainability issues, and a strong organizational culture can be the foundation for implementing business ethics. This research analyzes publication trends related to organizational culture, environment, and business ethics, as well as how to build an ethical business environment. The study used bibliometric analysis with Scopus data sources with 134 documents from 1994-2024 with the keywords "organizational culture”, “organizational environment”, and “business ethics", VOSViewer and NVIVO software were utilized to analyze data. It was discovered that ethical and integrity leadership, a strong organizational culture, and ethical communication are key pillars in creating an ethical and sustainable business environment. This research highlights the importance of integrating ethical values in organizational policies and governance, as well as the active role of leaders in upholding ethical standards. Open and honest communication and a sustainable CSR program reinforce organizational ethical practices. These findings highlight the importance of strengthening ethics policies, implementing regular ethics training, and building an organizational culture that supports ethical values to improve long-term performance. The research also offers theoretical insights into the strategic role of leadership and culture in sustainable business ethics.
Sistema de gobernanza para el desarrollo forestal sustentable en el ejido Mil Diez, Pueblo Nuevo, Durango
Authors: Franco-Torres Daniela Judith , Aguirre-Calderón Oscar Alberto , Alanís-Rodríguez Eduardo , Jiménez-Pérez Javier , Jurado-Ybarra Enrique , Luján-Álvarez Concepción
Published: December 2024

Objetivo: elaborar un diagnóstico del sistema de gobernanza del ejido Mil Diez, en Durango, México, mediante la comparación entre los años 2010 y 2020. Metodología: se evaluaron dos variables clave para analizar la gobernanza comunitaria: el índice de organización social y la institucionalidad comunitaria. Se aplicaron encuestas a los ejidatarios y los resultados se analizaron utilizando una base de datos diseñada en Excel (versión 2312), lo que permitió realizar un procesamiento estadístico de la información obtenida en campo. Resultados: evidenciaron una disminución en ambas variables durante la década analizada, lo que refleja un mayor grado de desorganización interna. El deterioro está relacionado con el envejecimiento de los ejidatarios fundadores y el impacto generacional en sus descendientes (segunda, tercera y cuarta generaciones). Limitaciones: destaca la baja participación de los ejidatarios en los procesos de toma de decisiones, un indicador claro del debilitamiento de los mecanismos de organización interna. Conclusión: el sistema de gobernanza del ejido no ha logrado ser eficaz ni efectivo, dejando en evidencia la necesidad de fortalecer la organización comunitaria y los procesos de participación para asegurar su sostenibilidad.
Zoning of Trace Metals Sediments, in the Lagoa do Carro-PE Dam, From TEL/ PEL and ERL/ ERM Parameters
Authors: Albuquerque Claudison Vieira de , Cordeiro Antonio Manoel Rochete , Alcoforado Joaquim Luis Medeiros
Published: December 2024

Objective: The objective of this study is to analyze the presence of trace metals (Cd, Hg, Pb, Zn, Cr and Ni), using the TEL and PEL and ERL and ERM parameters of the Environmental Agencies of Canada and the United States, as well as CONAMA Resolution 357/05, in the bottom sediments of the Lagoa do Carro Dam, in the state of Pernambuco.
 
Theoretical Framework: Considered one of the five largest water reservoirs in the state of Pernambuco, located in the Médio Capibaribe microbasin and responsible for supplying a population of approximately 300 thousand inhabitants in the municipalities of Carpina, Feira Nova, Glória do Goitá, Lagoa de Itaenga, Lagoa do Carro and Limoeiro.
 
Method: The methodology adopted for this research includes obtaining the results using FUS-ICP (Fusion Inductively Coupled Plasma), where an oxidized sample is dissolved in a borate stream and then diluted in aqueous nitric acid; TD-ICP (Total Digestion Inductively Coupled Plasma and INAA (Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis).
 
Results and Discussion: The results obtained demonstrate that two of the metals analyzed are above those recommended by the WHO and pose risks to the dam's biota, as well as to users of the supply system. The numbers are well above acceptable limits, requiring urgent measures to maintain the status quo.
 
Research Implications: The practical and theoretical implications of this research are discussed, providing insights into how the results can be applied or influence practices in the field of Geography and water reservoirs.
 
Originality/Value: This study contributes to the literature by standing out for the originality of the research, whether through an innovative approach, new discoveries or practical contributions. The relevance and value of this research are evidenced by analyzing one of the five largest water reservoirs in the state of Pernambuco.
Oral health impact of Invisalign and clear appliance treatment
Authors: Alshammari Ghali , Alghrairy Lujain , Alshammari Hala , Alsulami Uthman , Alsamri Fayez , Alshammri Yasmeen , Alharbi Rakan
Published: December 2024

This study aimed to find out how Invisalign and Clear Aligner affected oral health. This systematic review was constructed in compliance with PRISMA guidelines. Using three electronic databases including PubMed, PLOS ONE, and Google Scholar, four authors independently searched the literature for every peer-reviewed research publication published between the years 2016 and 2024. For this study, data from English-language cohort studies and randomized controlled trials were needed, including data on Invisalign, transparent aligners, orthodontic aligners, fixed appliances (FAs), and oral health. Eight articles were ultimately included in this review out of the 134 articles that were collected overall. Three of the eight included studies examined the effectiveness of Invisalign and FAs, while six examined the impact of Invisalign or clear aligner treatment on dental health. Fixed labial appliances were employed as a comparison in four of the studies that examined the impact on oral health. Plaque accumulation was higher in the group with permanent appliances, and the Invisalign system had no positive impacts on oral flora. Adult patients who received orthodontic treatments using aligners had worse treatment results than those who received FAs. In the short term, aligner orthodontic therapy was associated with worse oral hygiene; however, the evidence for this connection was not particularly strong.
Analisa Tingkat Kematangan Literasi Tik Pada Tenaga Kesehatan Dalam Pelayanan Kesehatan Berbasis TIKDi Puskesmas Kota Palembang
Authors: Febrianty Istiqomah , Antoni Darius , Syamsuar Dedy , Diana Diana
Published: December 2024

Era digital saat ini membentuk konsep baru Literasi yaitu literasi digital atau literasi Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi (TIK). Literasi TIK menjadi semakin penting bagi Tenaga Kesehatan Puskesmas di Kota Palembang dalam meningkatkan efisiensi dan kualitas pelayanan kesehatan, antara lain: aplikasi pelayanan kesehatan berbasis TIK, penggunaan media sosial (whatsapp, facebook, instagram dan website) sebagai media informasi, promosi, komunikasi serta menyampaikan himbauan kepada masyarakat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengevaluasi tingkat kematangan Literasi TIK pada Tenaga Kesehatan terhadap aplikasi pelayanan berbasis TIK dan media sosial dengan pendekatan kuantitatif yang dianalisis secara deskriptif. Melalui kuesioner yang disebar ke 5 (lima) Puskesmas di wilayah Kota Palembang didapatlah 53 partisipan untuk penelitian ini. Selanjutnya data dianalisa menggunakan metode People Capability Maturity Model (P-CMM), hasilnya tingkat kematangan Literasi TIK tenaga kesehatan Puskesmas di Kota Palembang terhadap aplikasi pelayanan kesehatan berbasis TIK berada pada Level 2 (Repeatable) dengan rata-rata indeks maturity berada diantara 0,66 – 0,69. Sedangkan media sosial berada pada Level 2 (Repeatable) dengan rata-rata indeks maturity berada diantara 0,65 – 0,70.
 
Abstract
The new digital era has formed a new literacy concept, namely digital literacy or Information and Communication Technology Literacy (ICT Literacy). ICT Literacy is becoming increasingly important for health officer Puskesmas at Palembang City to improving the efficiency and quality of health service, including ICT-based health service applications, use of social media (WhatsApp, Facebook, Instagram, and website) as a medium for information, promotion, communication and delivery of advice to the public. The purpose of this research is to evaluate Maturity Level of ICT Literacy in Health Officers towards ICT-based health service aplications and social media using a quantitative approach analiyzed descriptively. Through a questionnaire distributed to 5 (five) Puskesmas in the Palembang City area, 53 participants were obtained for this research. Furthermore, the data was analiyzed using the the People Capability Maturity Model (P-CMM) method, the result being that the Maturity Level of ICT Literacy in health officers at the Puskesmas in Palembang City towards ICT-based health service aplications is at Level 2 (Repeatable) with an average maturity index between 0,66 – 0,69. While social media is at Level 2 (Repeatable) with an average maturity index between 0,65 – 0,70.
Pengamanan Citra Digital Menggunakan Kriptografi DnaDan Modified LSB
Authors: Br Sibarani Sabrina Adela , Munthe Andreas , Purba Ronsen , Lubis Ali Akbar
Published: December 2024

Enkripsi citra digital menggunakan Kriptografi DNA menggabungkan ilmu komputasi dengan prinsip biologis untuk memberikan keamanan ganda. Proses enkripsi terdiri dari dua lapisan. Lapisan pertama, sistem chaos seperti Arnold's Cat Map (ACM) digunakan untuk mengacak posisi piksel melalui beberapa iterasi, sementara Logistic Map (LM) membangkitkan keystream karena sensitivitasnya yang tinggi. Lapisan kedua melibatkan karakteristik DNA, yang memanfaatkan basa nukleotida (A, T, C, G) untuk mengenkripsi data citra pada tingkat molekuler, menghasilkan tingkat keacakan yang tinggi. Setelah enkripsi, ciphertext disembunyikan dalam citra sampul menggunakan teknik steganografi Modified Least Significant Bit (MLSB), yang mengoptimalkan penyisipan bit di saluran RGB dengan pemilihan piksel acak menggunakan generator modulo. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan kualitas enkripsi yang sangat baik, dengan nilai NPCR ≥ 98%, UACI ≥ 30%, koefisien korelasi ≃ 0, entropi ≃ 8, dan histogram yang datar (flat). Kualitas stego-image optimal dicapai dengan penyisipan satu bit pada saluran RGB, menghasilkan PSNR ≥ 50dB. Ketahanan stego-image terhadap noise salt & pepper bergantung pada ukuran citra sampul, persentase noise, dan jumlah bit sisip yang digunakan. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi Kriptografi DNA, ACM, LM, dan MLSB memberikan keamanan yang tinggi dan sulit ditembus.
 
Abstract
Digital image encryption using DNA Cryptography combines computational science with biological principles to provide dual security. The encryption process consists of two layers: first, a chaotic system like Arnold's Cat Map (ACM) is used to shuffle pixel positions through several iterations, while the Logistic Map (LM) generates a keystream due to its high sensitivity. The second layer involves DNA characteristics, utilizing nucleotide bases (A, T, C, G) to encrypt image data at the molecular level, resulting in higher randomness. After encryption, the ciphertext is hidden within a cover image using Modified Least Significant Bit (MLSB) steganography, which optimizes bit insertion in the RGB channels by selecting random pixels using a modulo generator. Experimental results show excellent encryption quality, with NPCR ≥ 98%, UACI ≥ 30%, correlation coefficient close to 0, entropy close to 8, and a flat histogram. Optimal stego-image quality is achieved with a single bit insertion in the RGB channels, resulting in PSNR ≥ 50dB. The resistance of the stego-image to salt & pepper noise depends on the cover image size, noise percentage, and the number of inserted bits. The results indicate that the combination of DNA Cryptography, ACM, LM, and MLSB provides high security and is difficult to breach.
Klasifikasi Penyakit Alzheimer Dari Scan Mri Otak Menggunakan Convnext
Authors: Austin Yehezkiel Stephanus , Irfano Haikal , Christopher Juan Young , Sukma Lintang Cahyaning , Putra Octo Perdana , Ardhanto Riyadh Ilham , Yudistira Novanto
Published: December 2024

Penyakit Alzheimer adalah gangguan neurodegeneratif yang menyebabkan penurunan fungsi kognitif yang signifikan. Penanganan penyakit ini dapat dilakukan melalui deteksi dini untuk meningkatkan kualitas kehidupan pasien melalui perawatan medis yang efisien dan tepat waktu. Teknologi machine learning dan neural network dapat mendukung deteksi dini melalui penggunaan model ConvNeXt yang telah dilatih dengan metode transfer learning menggunakan bobot awal dari ImageNet, dan di-fine-tune untuk mengklasifikasikan empat tingkat keparahan Alzheimer berdasarkan hasil pemindaian MRI otak, yaitu Mild Demented, Moderate Demented, Non Demented, dan Very Mild Demented. Penelitian ini akan menghasilkan model h5 dengan akurasi yang lebih baik daripada model lain sehingga dapat di-deploy pada aplikasi atau website untuk membantu deteksi dini klasifikasi tingkat keparahan Alzheimer.
 
Abstract
 
A Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder that causes significant cognitive decline. Early detection is crucial for managing this disease to improve patients' quality of life through efficient and timely medical care. Machine learning and neural network technology can support early detection through the use of the ConvNeXt model, which has been trained using transfer learning with initial weights from ImageNet and fine-tuned to classify four stages of Alzheimer's severity based on brain MRI scans: Non Demented, Very Mild Demented, Mild Demented, and Moderate Demented. This research will produce an h5 model with better accuracy than other models, enabling it to be deployed in applications or websites to assist in the early detection and classification of Alzheimer's severity.
The construction of news values in online media sexual violence' discourse
Authors: Safitri Reza , Kriyantono Rachmat , Basmatulhana Hanindita
Published: December 2024

News values refer to a set of criteria intended to evaluate the newsworthiness of an event, hence determining its suitability for publication. For instance, a case of sexual violence in Indonesia received significant attention and is considered noteworthy, warranting its reporting. This study aims to discover the significance of news articles pertaining to sexual violence and determine the linguistic construction of news value within the context of online media platform detik.com. The researchers collected headlines and lead paragraphs from all 27 online news articles published throughout July 2022 that were selected since July had the highest number of sexual violence incidents. The articles were qualitatively analysed through discursive news value analysis technique (DNVA) which examines the connotations of diction choices and the impact on readers’ understanding. The study revealed that six out of the 10 news values were present in reports on sexual violence in Indonesia. These news values include personalisation, proximity, eliteness, positivity, unexpectedness, and timeliness. This study also shows that news articles share an emphasis on personalisation and proximity. Research limitation includes the process of defining news values and subjectively evaluating sources based on the definitions.
Mediamorphosis: the new face of radio broadcasting in the new normal era
Authors: Astuti Budhi Widi , Abrar Ana Nadhya , Irawanto Budi
Published: December 2024

‘Mediamorphosis’ is a transformation of communication media caused by complex interactions between perceived needs, competitive and political pressures, and social and technological innovation. The digital revolution that gave birth to media digitalisation is one of the causes of mediamorphosis. Another thing that drives mediamorphosis is the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic that hit Indonesia and other countries in the world. Mediamorphosis is a concept used in this study because it refers to the form of radio broadcasts that have changed and adapted due to the novel COVID-19 virus throughout the world and in Indonesia. The main social regulations by the Indonesian Government have implications for radio broadcasting operations. This study aims to see how local private radio– Radio Elisa FM carries out mediamorphosis which is analysed more specifically using the concept of convergence. The research paradigm used is constructivism with a qualitative approach and case study method. The results of the study show that the mediamorphosis carried out by Radio Elisa produces a new face for Radio Elisa broadcasts as a visual radio in the new normal era.
Digital marketing communication, social media, competency, and marketing team members in Indonesia
Authors: Rahyadi Irmawan
Published: December 2024

The profession of digital marketing in Indonesia with extensive business development is challenging due to the technical skills and practical elements of marketers in the job market. Keeping updated credentials in digital marketing is crucial to reduce the risk of losing competition, as current advancement in the industry requires trained personnel resulting in notable competition, training, and education. This demands trained personnel and places the importances of having these credentials. This study aims to investigate how digital marketers navigate their career paths and explore the composition of digital marketing. This study aims to analyse the dynamics of digital marketing that includes the career path of professionals, qualifications in the industry, and digital marketing education. This research is mostly grounded on data extracted from a qualitative method, which has been gathered based on the experiences from the professionals who have worked in local and international corporations operating in Indonesia. Interviews with professionals employed in national and multinational companies enriched the data. This was analysed using qualitative data analysis techniques. The evidences to date shows that trends in digital marketing practices are unique and homogenous to the country's marketing field. The data and literature report sizes and composition when digital marketing interventions are delivered and adopted. This study also includes the differences between offline marketing practices in collaboration with digital marketing practices to marketing teams, and the application of social media marketing from the company's point of view. Not only small-size companies have noticed a difference in their marketing teams’ dynamic, but big corporations also have experienced active development and requirements in their marketing line-up. This emphasises that the digital era brings certain prevailing conditions. The results of this study demonstrate that the industry of digital marketing is a promising direction to achieve accurate, automated, measurable marketing practices, applicable in a specific career path for the professional with the appropriate.
Examining gender empowerment during Unilever's CSR activities: social communication aspects
Authors: Dwiyanti Nova , Sazali Hasan , Azhar Anang Anas
Published: December 2024

This study investigates how gender empowerment affects Unilever's CSR social media output. Given the increasing relevance of CSR in corporate identity and social development, this research examines how well CSR initiatives could convey and support female emancipation. With an eye towards Unilever, a global business leader, the company emphasises sustainability and responsibility. This paper argues that corporate strategy depends on CSR and that social justice and sustainable development depend on women's empowerment. The study looks at the junction of gender and corporate responsibility using feminist theory and corporate communication, therefore investigating how CSR social media may empower women. Additionally , Unilever's CSR and gender empowerment reports as well as community leaders were examined and interviewed. This method makes clear the objectives of female empowerment and CSR. Initial results imply that CSR projects by Unilever help women. Good social communication plans call for respect of indigenous cultural norms and values, open communication, and community involvement. Emphasising the need of integrating women in the design and execution of CSR projects to meet their needs and viewpoints. The studies stress that there are important pragmatic implications from this research. It presents a disciplined framework to assess the social justice impact of corporate actions and offers strategic social communication recommendations for empowering women via CSR, hence, improving CSR and gender research. The report highlights opportunities for development in CSR strategies and best practices, therefore guiding governments and corporate leaders. According to the results, women can be empowered by CSR; social influence depends mostly on communication. Thus, a more complete CSR plan and communication must prioritise social justice—especially women's empowerment.
AI in semi-automated journalism: a review of Indonesia's journalistic ethics
Authors: Besman Abie , Evita Nona
Published: December 2024

In the past five years, Artificial Intelligence (AI) has entered Indonesian newsrooms, aligning with the rise of Industry 4.0. This integration is poised to redefine the roles of journalists and media professionals in the future. Semi-automated journalism, a blend of human journalistic practices and AI technology, is being used in newsrooms to create news content. However, it faces challenges such as accuracy, ethics, and concerns about bias. This article uses a comprehensive literature review, covering academic publications and industry reports from the past five years, to examine semi-automated journalism in the AI era, with a focus on journalistic ethics. The review includes sources selected based on relevance, credibility, and contribution to the topic. The findings identify specific challenges such as the need for transparency in AI processes, potential biases in algorithmic decision-making, and the impact on journalistic integrity. While AI can improve efficiency, it falls short in content quality. It is crucial to train journalists for responsible AI use. Ethical principles should guide AI use in journalism to ensure the provision of quality and valuable information.
Empowering farmer groups in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, through a participatory development communication model
Authors: Jaya Muhammad Nur , Sarwoprasodjo Sarwititi
Published: December 2024

The Participatory development communication model is a form of communication process among farming actors to achieve empowerment. In the era of openness and democratisation, participatory communication is an appropriate approach to encourage farmer groups to be fully empowered. With that, the objective of this research are as follows: formulate and develop participatory development communication models and strategy for empowerment. This study uses a positivistic paradigm with a survey method. The objects of farmer groups are scattered in various places and their characteristics are heterogeneous and widespread, making it suitable for a positivistic approach. The results of the study are: (a) Implementation of participatory development communication model for empowerment and influenced by the characteristics of farmer groups, the quality of information, the role of development agents, environmental support and the use of social capital; (b) strategy for increasing the implementation of participatory development communication: the quality of the characteristics of farmer groups, information, development agents, environmental support and social capital.
Visualising communication ethics in the 2024 fourth vice-presidential debate
Authors: Ririt Yuniar  , Ahsan Titania Fattiha , Kirana Aurelia Nadiah
Published: December 2024

There appears to be a generational gap between generations during the 4th vice-presidential candidate debate, which has the potential to be in the public spotlight during the 2024 election due to the instances of unethical communication of the candidate pairs. Three important points to be answered: First, explaining the dynamics of the debate in various perspectives between generations both visually and verbally (body language and diction used during rhetoric); Second, explaining the substance of the debate on communication ethics and verbal politeness in the context of the vice-presidential debate; Third, exploring the visual elements of both the visible and underlying aspects of the vice-presidential debate. A qualitative explanatory approach was employed in this research with data collection of YouTube video documentation categorised based on the concept of verbal politeness and the visual world according to the content analysis of the debate event video. The findings of the data display are associated with verbal politeness, ethics, and visual communication in the visual world (performance consisting of visible and invisible visual structures), which are based on the social culture and political reality of the vice-presidential candidates who have an important role in filling the gap between generations as a representation of the prospective leader of the nation. In conclusion, the communication process of debating requires ethics, self-control, represented in the polite attitudes and words of the three prospective leaders with the principles of mutual understanding, knowledge, self-control, humility, and wisdom. However, different generations do not need to underestimate or bring each other down. It is mandatory to have the principle of upholding equal human dignity so that the purpose of communication as information, persuasion, and education achieves the content of the message as a quality debate.
Побудова систем виявлення кібератак за допомогою прихованої марківської моделі
Authors:   Київський національний університет імені Тараса Шевченка, Толюпа Сергій , Пархоменко Іван ,   Київський національний університет імені Тараса Шевченка, Терейковська Людмила ,   Київський національний університет імені Тараса Шевченка, Квасніков Володимир ,   Київський національний університет імені Тараса Шевченка
Published: December 2024

Одним із найбільш перспективних напрямків підвищення якості аналізу даних є використання їх у системах виявлення мережевих кібератак методом виявлення аномалій. У цьому методі робота аналізаторів даних базується на припущенні, що ознакою кібератаки служить деяке відхилення контрольованих параметрів комп’ютерної системи від параметрів, що характеризують нормальне функціонування мережі. У результаті проведених досліджень обґрунтована можливість формування шаблонів нормальної поведінки мережевих об'єктів комп'ютерних систем на основі однорідного ланцюга Маркова з послідовними переходами.
Avaliação dos pés de pacientes diabéticos residentes em municípios do norte do Paraná
Authors: Poli Elisa Simis , Melo Simone Cristina Castanho Sabaini de , Silva Ana Beatriz Pagoti da , Almeida Ellen Caçorla de , Ferreira Sálua Eloiza Maluf , Romanini Rebeca Vitória Lima , Bernini Kathleen Louise , Silva Natália Maria Maciel Guerra , Tashima Cristiano Massao , Martins Mayara Almeida
Published: December 2024

Objetivo: Descrever os resultados das avaliações dos pés de pacientes diabéticos. Métodos: Estudo descritivo, quantitativo, com amostra do tipo conveniência e de acessibilidade realizado em dois municípios do norte do Paraná. Foram entrevistados 157 pacientes como parte de um projeto, envolvendo pesquisa e extensão. Resultados: A maioria tem 66 anos ou mais (54,2%), sendo o sexo feminino mais prevalente (70,1%). Na avaliação dos membros inferiores, apenas 45 pessoas (28,6%) não relataram nenhum desconforto; entre os que relataram, dores, formigamento e queimação foram os mais comuns. Quanto as lesões decorrentes de diabetes foram registrados 24 (15,3%) casos. Entre as características avaliadas, pele fria, pele seca, calosidades e infecção fúngica se destacam (83,4 %), (73,8), (58,5), (45,2), respectivamente. Quanto às deformidades, joanetes e dedos cavalgados foram as mais comuns (52,8%). Conclusão: Esses resultados ressaltam a importância de uma abordagem abrangente e personalizada no cuidado com os membros inferiores, visando prevenir e tratar lesões e desconfortos associados.
Синтез краевых магнитных полей для статических масс-анализаторов спектрографического типа
Authors: Бердников Александр Сергеевич , Галль Лидия Николаевна , Антонов Андрей Сергеевич , Соловьев Константин Вячеславович
Published: December 2024

Статические масс-анализаторы предоставляют уникальную потенциальную возможность достичь 100%-го использования ионов, генерируемых непрерывно работающим источником. Однако для этого необходимо, чтобы масс-анализатор работал не в спектрометрическом, а в спектрографическом режиме. Известно, что классическая схема Маттауха-Герцога обеспечивает спектрографический режим двойной фокусировки (по углу и по энергии) вдоль всей линии фокусов, но только в первом порядке. Использованию же более сложных оптических решений препятствуют краевые поля статических магнитов, которые разрушают точный спектрографический режим работы прибора. В представленном исследовании показано, что с помощью принципа подобия траекторий в однородных по Эйлеру полях можно целенаправленно синтезировать несимметричные краевые магнитные поля специального вида, гарантированно обеспечивающие спектрографический режим и прямолинейность линии фокусов для статических масс-анализаторов. Такие поля и соответствующие им краевые конфигурации магнитных полюсов и магнитных экранов могут служить основой для статических масс-спектрографов нового типа, обладающих высокими оптическими характеристиками.

Static mass analyzers provide a unique potential opportunity to achieve 100% utilization of ions generated by a continuously operating ion source. However, to achieve this property it is necessary that the mass analyzer should operate not in spectrometric but in spectrographic mode. It is known that the classical Mattauch-Herzog scheme provides a spectrographic mode with double focusing (in angle and energy) along the straight focal line but of the first order only. The use of more complex optical solutions is prevented by the fringing fields of static magnets, which violate the exact spectrographic mode of operation of the instrument. The paper shows how, using the principle of the similarity of trajectories in Euler-homogeneous fields, it is possible to purposefully synthesize asymmetric fringing magnetic fields of a special type which keeps the spectrographic mode and the straightness of the focus line for static mass analyzers. Such fringing fields and fringing configurations of magnetic poles and screens can become the basis for static mass spectrographs of a new type with high optical characteristics.
ВЫБОР УСЛОВИЙ РЕГИСТРАЦИИ И ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ФРАГМЕНТАЦИИ ПЕПТИДНОГО БИОМАРКЕРА ЗАРИНА МЕТОДОМ ВЫСОКОЭФФЕКТИВНОЙ ЖИДКОСТНОЙ ХРОМАТОМАСС-СПЕКТРОМЕТРИИ ВЫСОКОГО РАЗРЕШЕНИЯ
Authors: Ставрианиди Андрей Николаевич , Браун Аркадий Владимирович , Стекольщикова Елена Алексеевна , Байгильдиев Тимур Муратович , Родин Игорь Александрович , Рыбальченко Игорь Владимирович
Published: December 2024

Идентификация белковых биомаркеров поражения отравляющими веществами предполагает их достоверное детектирование на уровне следовых количеств в плазме крови. Это может быть реализовано благодаря применению современной жидкостной хроматомасс-спектрометрии. Существующие подходы основаны на расщеплении фосфорилированного альбумина и образовании аддуктов алкилметилфосфоновых кислот с тирозином, структура которых связана с типом применяемого химического агента. В настоящем исследовании показана возможность обнаружения в плазме крови человека трипептида, модифицированного остатком зарина, получаемого при проведении трипсинолиза альбуминового аддукта зарина. Изучение путей фрагментации определяемого соединения позволило выявить характерные особенности диссоциации, которые могут быть использованы для поиска других биомаркеров применения отравляющих веществ. Предложены условия регистрации наиболее интенсивных ионных переходов для быстрого скрининга проб плазмы крови на содержание альбуминового аддукта зарина методом фильтрации с проведением трипсинолиза

Identification of protein biomarkers of chemical warfare agents requires their reliable detection in the blood plasma at trace levels. This is a challenging task in the modern liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Existing approaches are based on the formation of tyrosine adducts with alkylmethylphosphonic acids after the cleavage of all proteins. The structure of such adducts is related to the type of chemical agent used. In this study, the possibility of detecting the tripeptide adduct of isopropylmethylphosphonic acid, obtained by trypsinolysis of the albumin adduct with sarin, in human plasma was shown. The study of the fragmentation ways of this analyte made it possible to identify the characteristic features of dissociation that can be used to determine other biomarkers of the application of chemical weapon. The conditions for recording the most intense ion transitions for rapid screening of blood plasma samples for the content of the albumin adduct of sarin with trypsinolysis according to the filter aided sample preparation method are described.
Диссоциативный захват электронов молекулами 2,6- и 2,5-дигидроксиацетофенона
Authors: Асфандиаров Наиль Лутфурахманович , Пшеничнюк Станислав Анатольевич , Нафикова Екатерина Петровна , Рахмеев Рустам Габдулшагитович
Published: December 2024

Два модельных соединения 2,6- и 2,5-дигидроксиацетофенон, относящиеся к классу гуминовых веществ, исследованы методом масс-спектрометрии отрицательных ионов. Измерены сечения диссоциативного захвата электронов в диапазоне энергий 0–10 эВ, а также средние времена жизни молекулярных отрицательных ионов относительно выброса избыточного электрона. Оценена энергия сродства к электрону исследованных соединений. Интерпретация спектров проведена с использованием результатов расчетов методом DFT B3LYP/6-31G+(d).

Two model huminic compounds 2,6- and 2,5-dihydroxyacetophenone were investigated by means of negative ion mass spectrometry. Dissociative electron attachment cross sections and negative ion autodetachment life-times were measured in the electron energy region 0–10 eV. Adiabatic electron affinities of the compounds under investigation were evaluated. The results obtained were rationalized using DFT B3LYP/6-31G+(d) quantum chemical calculations.
О характеристиках триптических пептидов, способствующих их обнаружению и идентификации методом масс-спектрометрии с матрично-активированной лазерной десорбцией/ионизацией
Authors: Мильман Б.Л. , Соловьева А.В. , Луговкина Н.В. , Журкович И.К.
Published: December 2024

Определены и обсуждаются характеристики триптических пептидов, способствующие обнаружению и идентификации этих соединений и соответствующих белков методом масс-спектрометрии МАЛДИ с α-циано-4-оксикоричной кислотой в качестве матрицы. Идентифицировано 25 белков; проведено сравнение характеристик надежно идентифицированных пептидов, и тех соединений, которые потенциально могли образоваться при трипсинолизе, но не были обнаружены. Установлены два основных фактора, которые повышают шансы обнаружения исследованных пептидов. Первый из них касается основности пептидов в газовой фазе, которая достигает наиболее высоких значений у пептидов с С-концевым остатком аргинина; эта природа появления значительных аналитических сигналов хорошо известна. Второй фактор, содействующий ионизации рассматриваемых пептидов в условиях МАЛДИ с данной матрицей, представляет собой их гидрофильность. Этот результат не согласуется с выводами большинства проведенных ранее релевантных исследований и обсуждается в статье.  

The tryptic peptide features providing detection and identification of these bio compounds and corresponding proteins by MALDI mass spectrometry with the α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid matrix, are determined and discussed. Twenty five proteins were identified; the features of reliably identified peptides are compared to those of peptides which might be produced by tryptic cleavage and were not detected. Two key factors enhancing a detection possibility of tryptic peptides, were determined. The first one refers to the gas-phase peptide basicity, which is the highest for the C-terminal end arginine peptides; this reason for the emergence of big analytical signals is well-known. The second factor providing ionization of peptides under consideration in the MALDI conditions is their hydrophility. This result does not correlate with the most conclusions of earlier relevant researches and discussed in the article.
Дериватизация с генерацией заряда для анализа тиолов методами масс-спектрометрии с «мягкой» ионизацией
Authors: Козлов А.В. , Борисов Р.С. , Заикин В.Г.
Published: December 2024

Предложен новый метод дериватизации с генерацией заряда тиолов различного строения посредством реакции с галогеналканами и дибромидами. Показано, что наиболее эффективными алкилирующими агентами являются 1,4-дибромбутан и 1,2-ксилилендибромид, при реакции с которыми образуется высокостабильный пятичленный цикл с положительно заряженным атомом серы. Получаемые таким образом катионы легко детектируются методами масс-спектрометрии с ионизацией электрораспылением и матрично-активированной лазерной десорбцией/ионизацией. Дальнейшее их исследование методом тандемной масс-спектрометрии с использованием диссоциации, индуцируемой соударением (ДИС), позволило установить типичные и специфические направления ДИС для циклических катионов, образующихся из тиолов разного строения. Установленные закономерности могут быть использованы для идентификации и количественного определения аналитов такого типа методом мониторинга выбранных реакций.
Обнаружение действующего вещества анксиолитика фабомотизол («Афобазол») и его метаболита методом газовой хроматографии/масс-спектрометрии в режиме химической ионизации с регистрацией положительных ионов
Authors: Ревельский А.И.
Published: December 2024

Исследование оригинальных лекарственных препаратов предполагает и изучение фармакокинетики и метаболизма, с этой целью в большинстве работ применяется метод ВЭЖХ/МС. На примере действующего вещества небензодиазепинового анксиолитика фабомотизол (2(2морфолиноэтилтио)5этоксибензилимидазола дигидрохлорид) и его метаболита показаны возможности применения капиллярной газовой хроматографии в сочетании с массспектрометрией с химической ионизацией для обнаружения незначительных количеств полярных биологически активных веществ, химически стабильных при прохождении газохроматографической системы, но способных теряться на разных этапах анализа.

Investigaion of original drugs involves the study of pharmacokinetics and metabolism. Most investigations use the HPLC / MS method. Using the example of the active ingredient of nonbenzodiazepine anxiolytic Fabomotizole 2 (2morpholinoethylthio)5ethoxybenzylimidazole dihydrochloride) and its metabolite, we showed the possibilities of using capillary gas chromatographymass spectrometrywithpositive ion chemical ionization to detect insignificant amounts of polar biologically active substances, that are chemically stable during the passage of the gas chromatographic system, but that can be lost at different stages of the analysis.
ПРИМЕНЕНИЕФОТОИОНИЗАЦИИПРИАТМОСФЕРНОМДАВЛЕНИИДЛЯОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯПРОДУКТОВТРАНСФОРМАЦИИ1,1-ДИМЕТИЛГИДРАЗИНАМЕТОДОМВЫСОКОЭФФЕКТИВНОЙЖИДКОСТНОЙХРОМАТОГРАФИИ/МАСС-СПЕКТРОМЕТРИИ
Authors: Ульяновский Н.В. , Попов М.С. , Косяков Д.С.
Published: December 2024

Изучено поведение восьми азотсодержащих токсичных продуктов трансформации ракетного топлива (диметилгидразон формальдегида, N,Nдиметилформамид, N,Nдиметилгуанидин, 1,2,4триазол, пиридин, имидазол, пиразин, пиразол) в условиях бездопантной фотоионизации при атмосферном давлении. Установлено, что исследуемые аналиты дают интенсивные сигналы протонированных молекул при этом эффективность ионизации в значительной степени зависит от температуры, а также состава и скорости подачи растворителя. Сочетание фотоионизации при атмосферном давлении с хроматографическим разделением на пористом графитизированном углероде позволило предложить новый подход к высокочувствительному определению продуктов трансформации ракетного топлива. Разработанный подход отличается минимальными интерференциями со стороны матрицы и успешно апробирован при анализе реальных объектов.

The behavior of eight nitrogencontaining toxic products of rocket fuel transformation (formaldehyde dimethylhydrazone, N, Ndimethylformamide, N, Ndimethylguanidine, 1,2,4triazole, pyridine, imidazole, pyrazine, pyrazole) under conditions of dopantfree atmospheric pressure photoionization was studied. It is established that the analytes under study give intense signals of protonated molecules, while the efficiency of ionization largely depends on temperature, as well as the composition and the solvent flowrate. The combination of atmospheric pressure photoionization with chromatographic separation on porous graphitized carbon made it possible to propose a new approach to the highly sensitive determination of rocket fuel transformation products. The developed approach is distinguished by minimal interferences from the matrix and successfully tested in the analysis of real objects.
Идентификация и количественное определение полиинов заманихи (Oplopanax) методом высокоэффективной жидкостной хроматографии в сочетании с тандемной масс-спектрометрией высокого разрешения
Authors: Жестовская Е.С. , Гончаров В.М. , Ихалайнен А.А. , Василевский С.В. , Ставрианиди А.Н. , Кирьянов А.Ю.
Published: December 2024

В работе исследованы процессы фрагментации фалькаринола, фалькариндиола, оплопандиола, оплопантриола А, оплопантриола В, октадека-9,17-диен-12,14-диин-1,11,16-триол, 1-ацетата и октадека-9-ен-12,14-диин-1,11,16-триол, 1-ацетата в условиях химической ионизации при атмосферном давлении. С использованием метода высокоэффективной жидкостной хроматографии и тандемной масс-спектрометрии высокого разрешения разработан способ определения полиинов заманихи в экстрактах из растительного сырья и продуктах на их основе. Проведена апробация предложенного подхода при анализе коммерчески доступных образцов сухого растительного сырья и готовых экстрактов из корней растений рода Заманиха (Oplopanax). Диапазон линейности градуировочной зависимости стандартных растворов составил 0.05-50мкгмл-1, предел обнаружения0.01мкгмл-1. Подобраны условия выделения исследуемых полиинов из растительного сырья с использованием препаративной жидкостной хроматографии, структуры которых подтверждены спектрами ЯМР 1H и 13C.

Fragmentation processes of falcarinol, falcarindiol, oplopandiol, oplopantriol A, oplopantriol B, octadeca-9,17-diene-12,14-dyine-1,11,16-triol 1-acetate and octadeca-9-ene-12,14-dyine-1,11,16-triol 1-acetate were studied by using atmospheric pressure chemical ionization. A method of polyyne of Oplopanax determination in extracts from plant materials and products obtained from them was developed using high-performance liquid chromatography/high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry. The proposed method was successfully tested on commercially available samples of dry plant materials and prepared extracts from the roots of plants of the genus Oplopanax. It was found that calibration curve was linear in the concentration range between 0.05-50 g mL-1, limits of detection was 0.01 g mL-1. The conditions of the isolation of the studied polyynes from plant materials using preparative liquid chromatography were selected, and structures were confirmed by 1H and 13C NMR spectra.
Эффект памяти как источник аномально высокой погрешности при изотопном анализе Sr методом двойного изотопного разбавления
Authors: Крамчанинов А.Ю.
Published: December 2024

В работе обсуждаются причины низкой воспроизводимости отношений 44Ca/42Ca и 88Sr/86Sr при изотопном анализе Ca и Sr методом двойного изотопного разбавления. Установлено, что эффект гетерогенного испарения образца с ленты источника ионов не является основной причиной низкой воспроизводимости результатов анализа. В работе продемонстрировано, что наблюдаемое несоответствие между расчетными характеристиками и результатами эксперимента можно объяснить при помощи эффекта памяти, а не эффекта гетерогенного испарения. Обсуждаются общие черты механизмов возникновения этих эффектов в источниках ионов с термической ионизацией. Показано, что замена одноленточного источника ионов на двухленточные источники позволила снизить величину эффекта памяти и улучшить точность измерения 88Sr/86Sr более чем в два раза: с 0.037 до 0.013. При этом значение 87Sr/86Sr, измеренное в SRM987, всегда находилось в пределах 0.7102500.000009.

This article discusses the causes of poor reproducibility of 44Ca/42Ca and 88Sr/86Sr isotope ratios measured by means of double spike isotope dilution techniques. It was found that heterogeneous evaporation of the sample from the ion source filament is not the main reason of the poor reproducibility. It was demonstrated that observed discrepancy between predicted and experimental data can be explained by memory effect rather than by heterogeneous evaporation effect. Similarities between these effects occurring in the thermal ionization ion sources were discussed as well. It was shown that the replacement of single filament ion source with double filament allows decreasing the memory effect and improvement of 88Sr/86Sr measurement precision by more than a factor of 2: from 0.037 to 0.013. At the same time measured values of 87Sr/86Sr in SRM987 were always within 0.7102500.000009 value.
Критерий корректности расчета траекторий ионов в краевых магнитных полях статических секторных масс-анализаторов
Authors: В.Д. Саченко , А.С. Антонов
Published: December 2024

Выведены тождества, удобные для практического использования в качестве критерия корректности расчета аберрационных слагаемых траекторий ионов в краевых магнитных полях статических масс-анализаторов.

An objective criterion of computation accuracy of aberration components of ion trajectories in magnetic edge fields of static mass analyzers is derived.
Масс-анализатор на основе магнитного зеркала
Authors: В.Д. Саченко , А.С. Антонов
Published: December 2024

Проведен ионно-оптический анализ статического масс-анализатора на базе магнитного зеркала с однородным полем, обеспечивающего фокусировку второго порядка с учетом аберраций, обусловленных прохождением ионов вне средней плоскости масс-анализатора. В рамках постановки обратной задачи описан алгоритм оптимизации 4-мерного аксептанса масс-анализатора при фиксированной величине разрешающей способности