bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Needleless Electrospinning of PA6 Fibers: The Effect of Solution Concentration and Electrospinning Voltage on Fiber Diameter
Authors: Aulova Alexandra , Bek Marko , Kossovich Leonid , Emri Igor
Published: July 2020

Needleless electrospinning is the process of forming thin material fibers from the open surface of its solution or melt in a strong electrostatic field. Electrospun non-woven materials are used in various applications that require specific fiber diameters and pore size distributions. Fiber diameter depends on the properties of the polymer solution and manufacturing conditions. A needleless electrospinning process using the Nanospider setup was investigated using the commonly used polyamide 6 (PA6) solution in a mixture of acetic and formic acids. Polymer solutions with different polymer concentrations were characterized by viscosity, surface tension and electrical conductivity. An increase in polymer content in the solution resulted in the exponential increase of the solution viscosity, polynomial increase of electrical conductivity and had almost no effect on surface tension. The effect of the polymer concentration in the solution, as well as electrospinning voltage on fiber diameter and diameter distribution, was investigated using scanning electron microscopy images. The average fiber diameter linearly increases with the increased polymer concentration and also demonstrates an increase with increased electrospinning voltage, although less pronounced. Therefore, a change in the PA6 solution concentration should be used for the robust adjustment of fiber diameter, while changes in electrospinning voltage are more appropriate for fine tuning the fiber diameter during the process of needleless electrospinning.
Progressive Bronchiectasis and CMC in a Patient with STAT1 GOF—A Rare Case of Primary Immunodeficiency
Authors: Dmeńska Hanna , Pac Małgorzata , Skomska-Pawliszak Małgorzata , Pietrucha Barbara , Wolska-Kuśnierz Beata , Piątosa Barbara , Komarnicka Justyna , Heropolitańska-Pliszka Edyta
Published: July 2020

Bronchiestasis is a common complication developing in patients with primary immunodeficiency disorders. AD GOF STAT1 defi-ciency is characterized by CMC, repeated infections, and autoimmunity. It is the most frequently diagnosed entity in a group of PIDs with CMC. Here, we present the first Polish case of a female patient with early-onset bronchiestasis accompanied by CMC and a severe course of infections who was genetically diagnosed with AD GOF1 STAT1 mutation at the age of 15.
The Catch-22 of the COVID-19 “Lockdown”
Authors: Malhotra Nipun , Kunal Shekhar
Published: July 2020

The turn of the year marked the ominous birth of what later developed into a pandemic [...]
Relative Lymphocytosis in COVID-19—A Ray of Hope
Authors: Ish Pranav , Malhotra Nipun , Agrawal Sumita , Gupta Nitesh
Published: July 2020

A recent article on 150 COVID-19 patients from Wuhan, China, was a comprehensive analysis of clinical predictors of mortality [...]
Editorial policies on local authorship in rural health
Authors: Targa Leonardo Vieira , Floss Mayara
Published: July 2020

Introduction: Community engagement in health research potentially benefits researchers, institutions and local people. Objective: This work reviews health journal policies looking for local authorship instructions, and clear specific recommendations on ethic issues for rural, remote or communities from low and middle income countries research publications. Methods: A research at National Library of Medicine, CAPES and Embase identified 37 journals related to rural health. A review of all instructions to authors were conducted independently by two authors, looking for any mention of local co-authorship or how to relate to local communities in the publication guidelines of the included journals. Results: Eleven [n=11] journals fit the inclusion criteria and just one [n=1] had any instruction or ethic concern about local authorship on the author’s instructions. Most journals are from high income countries. Although the care in rural areas are more concentrated in Primary Care the journals were varied in its scope. Only four journals include in its description and scope primary care, general practice or family medicine. Conclusions: Authorship and publication policies should include specific and clear ethical recommendations related to community engagement in all major scientific communication vehicles. This should stimulate local participation through clear guidance to authors as a way of promoting a more inclusive, active and horizontal relationship between researchers and communities.
Arquitetura para Modelagem de Estudante com Recursos de Interação por meio de ChatBots
Authors: Cherchiglia Tiago , Silva Vinícius Alves , Ferreira Hiran
Published: July 2020

Com o avanço nas técnicas de Inteligência Artificial aplicadas à análise e interpretação do comportamento humano, está, cada vez mais simples, aplicar tais recursos para melhorar a realização de tarefas do cotidiano das pessoas. Quando empregadas a ambiente educacionais, essas técnicas têm trazido melhoria do processo ensino/aprendizado. Neste sentido, este trabalho propõe a definição de uma arquitetura para integração de Chatbots a Ambientes Educacionais. Além de melhorar o processo de interação entre ambiente, professores e estudantes, a arquitetura proposta busca integrar recursos de modelagem de estudante neste processo comunicacional.
Design Thinking como Metodologia para Definição da Interface Gráfica de Usuário
Authors: Nunes Daila Rita Becker , Guerra Luciéli Tolfo Beque , Correa Claiton
Published: July 2020

Design Thinking has been gaining attention in recent years as a methodology for creating innovative and creative solutions. We can use it to develop solutions for different areas of knowledge. This article addresses the use of Design Thinking as a methodology to support the development of the user interface of the Cine Web 2.0 project, concerning the inside-out approach of development from HCI research field. The article also presents and briefly discusses the results obtained in the project.
Uma investigação em uma base de dados geoespacial com uso de técnicas de Big Data
Authors: Viana Jessica , Silva César , Zanatta Melissa , Vani Bruno César , Ruiz Linnyer
Published: July 2020

In global satellite navigation systems, a large volume of data is produced during the monitoring of radio waves propagated in the ionosphere. This monitoring is based on index calculations from data obtained continuously through receivers. This paper presents an investigation, using Big Data techniques, to explore the data obtained by the receivers, in order to identify the moment when the satellite signal can be obtained with better quality.
Protótipo de sistema para coleta de dados inerciais com foco na doença de Parkinson
Authors: Martins Wanghley , Oliveira Fábio Henrique
Published: July 2020

Currently, the diagnosis and monitoring of people affected by neurodegenerative diseases are made subjectively. Parkinson's disease (PD), for example, is a neurodegenerative disease that affects the motor part of the individual. The evaluation of PD usually is done through scales based on questionnaires. Thus, this research is dedicated to the study and development of a computational system capable of performing the collection, transmission and visual presentation of data related to the human movement, in order to assist the diagnosis and monitoring of PD.
e-Carteirinha: O Documento Digital do Estudante
Authors: Vieira Matheus Dias , Andrade Ewerton
Published: July 2020

Seguindo a tendência de disponibilização de documentos digitais de identificação, o presente trabalho visa criar uma versão digital da Carteira de Identificação Estudantil (CIE) para estudantes do Instituto Federal. Dentro das instituições de ensino, este documento é popularmente chamado de "carteirinha", por este motivo, esta nova versão vem sendo chamada de "e-Carteirinha". Com a implantação desta solução, espera-se que: (I) seja diminuído o período de espera para a confecção deste documento de identificação, (II) seja necessário menos servidores/colaboradores para sua emissão, (III) haja um acréscimo de segurança em razão dos mecanismos implementados nesta nova versão digital do documento, (IV) se estabeleça uma estrutura que permita extensão e comunicação com novos sistemas. Para isto, a solução foi desenvolvida nativamente para Android utilizando a linguagem Java e a ferramenta Android Studio, juntamente com bibliotecas de persistência, segurança da informação e comunicação e desenvolvimento web.
Proposta de assistente virtual inteligente para estudantes das instituições federais de ensino profissional
Authors: Sabaini Paulo , Clemente Bruno , Coutinho Bruno
Published: July 2020

Um instituto federal de ensino possui uma variedade de informações, concernentes ao seu funcionamento, distribuídas em várias páginas do seu portal web e documentos do tipo pdf. Muitas vezes o acesso a essas informações pode se tornar uma tarefa frustrante, mesmo utilizando os mecanismos disponíveis de busca. A proposta deste trabalho é desenvolver um protótipo de chatbot que permita levantar as possibilidades e desafios na construção de um sistema inteligente, que resolva primariamente as dúvidas em relação à gestão pedagógica de um instituto de educação, com a base de conhecimento formada através de dados textuais já disponíveis no portal do IF. Os primeiros resultados se mostraram promissores.
Abordagem Metodológica de Integração das Disciplinas de Engenharia de Requisitos e Interação Humano-Computador: Um Estudo de Caso
Authors: Neto Moraes , Abich Dariane , Correa Claiton , Parizi Rafael
Published: July 2020

A prática interdisciplinar possibilita que estudantes relacionem conteúdos estudados a partir da aplicação destes em situações reais. O presente trabalho apresenta uma abordagem para integração das disciplinas de Interação Humano-Computador e Engenharia de Requisitos no contexto de desenvolvimento de software. A metodologia adotada combinou técnicas de extração de requisitos do usuário e modelagem de negócio com técnicas de design centradas no usuário (UCD). Como resultado, são apresentados os artefatos produzidos pelos estudantes durante processo. Este trabalho destaca benefícios e desafios em termos de aprendizado desta abordagem interdisciplinar.
Urban Social Sustainability - Case Study; Gellerupparken–Denmark
Authors: Almusaed Amjad , Almssad Asaad
Published: July 2020

Urban social sustainability represents a more specific part of urban development. Citizen involvement is a vital element of any future urban social development and helps to maintain the vision of human and diverse cities because it provides vibrant and sustainable cities in which everyone has a seat and can speak. Gellerupparken, as something new, also meets all five criteria for when an area is a ghetto during a given year. The criteria generally consist of income, ethnic origin, level of education, crime, and employment. The study’s aim is to present an objective means, to the reactivation of a passive multicultural zone in Aarhus city of Denmark to integrate it in the social life city by using the appreciative inquiry method by an introduction of new city functions. The study will assume the effect of sustainability in an urban social area, in a case study using the application of the pedagogical method, namely, the “appreciative inquiry” method.
Sulla soglia: la narrativa di Maria Messina
Authors: Sapegno Maria Serena
Published: July 2020

This article discusses all of Maria Messina's writings. It starts by positioning the author’s choices amidst the new potential subjects brought up by the rapid modernization process that took place in Italy at the beginning of the 20th century. Maria Messina seems to focus especially on the crisis of the patriarchal system and on the conflicting forms by which new emerging subjects, particularly women, express themselves. While she describes their painful movement towards an identity, and their scarcely successful paths that often end up in loneliness, Messina seems at the same time to endorse the idea that no step backward will be allowed, since the undisputed legitimization of the patriarchate was fissured and “the king is naked”. The definition of the subject’s identity are therefore the main object of this analysis, which reads Messina's works by focusing especially on recurring themes, such as family, emigration, representations of the patriarchate, father-daughter relationships, or the ways in which conscience and freedom relate to each other. One of the most important questions related to Messina's writing is if and to what degree this last idea – that is, that the acquisition of a conscience can possibly lead to an effective freedom – is articulated.
Semantic analysis of corporeality in the poetic discourse of Momčilo Nastasijević
Authors: Kadić Snežana
Published: July 2020

The paper semantically analyzes the corporeality in the poetic discourse of Momčilo Nastasijević. The verses indicate the semantic structure of the body through its sensuous, affective and ontological segment. The conceptual distinction between the body and corporeality is emphasized, by pointing to the body as a conceptual domain that is conceptualized through the plant world and corporeality as a quality that arises in bodily intercommunication. Corporeality is semantically formed in the fusion of bodily relationship and the dynamics of its meaning finds the words whose semantic content is dynamic, and in most cases these words are lexemes that denote processes in the vegetative world. Corporeality is not limited to the material appearance of the body, but is recognized as a space in which the body exists incorporeal and immaterial. Corporeality arises in the human physical-physiological substance of the body, but at the same time it is in the human being an inseparable form with the soul (feelings). There is an ontological component of meaning of the corporeality based on Christian ethical theses. Corporeality is also a metaphysical presupposition of human existence. It is confirmed in the songs with verses about the insatiability of thirst, i.e., eros, which is not bare libido sexualis, but longing and necessity for another being, i.e., the necessity to know the spiritual and divine principle through another body (another being). The function of desire is also shown in conceptual representations of corporeality. According to the poet's essays, desire is the disharmonization of the human personality, and that connotation predetermines the negative meaning of corporeality. In that sense, the body is a state of death and carries the potential for perversion. Hence, the thought of bodily renunciation and prohibition of bodily desire appears in the verses, which is also the influence of Christian views on Nastasijević's poetics and semantics of corporality.
Más allá de la hoguera: penas no capitales de la inquisición española | Beyond the stake: non-capital penalties of the spanish inquisition
Authors: Martínez Peñas Leandro
Published: July 2020

Si bien el castigo asociado a la imagen popular de la Inquisición española es la muerte en la hoguera, lo cierta es que esta fue solo aplicada a un número mínimo de procesados. La mayor parte de quienes fueron condenados por la Inquisición lo fueron a otras penas, como la infamia, la confiscación, la flagelación, las galeras o el destierro._____________________________________The punishment associated with the popular image of the Spanish Inquisition is death at the stake, but the truth is that this was only applied to a minimum number of accused. Most of those who were sentenced by the Inquisition were sentenced to other penalties, such as infamy, confiscation, flagellation or exile
An Ongoing Project to Improve the Rectilinear and the Pseudolinear Crossing Constants
Authors: Aichholzer Oswin , Duque Frank , Fabila-Monroy Ruy , García-Quintero Oscar , Hidalgo-Toscano Carlos
Published: July 2020

A drawing of a graph in the plane is pseudolinear if the edges of the drawing can be extended to doubly-infinite curves that form an arrangement of pseudolines, that is, any pair of these curves crosses precisely once.
A special case is rectilinear drawings where the edges of the graph are drawn as straight line segments. The rectilinear (pseudolinear) crossing number
of a graph is the minimum number of pairs of edges of the graph that
cross in any of its rectilinear (pseudolinear) drawings.
In this paper we describe
an ongoing project to continuously obtain better asymptotic upper
bounds on the rectilinear and pseudolinear crossing number of the complete graph $K_n$.
Alteridades fantaseadas, voces inaudibles. Apuntes para una crítica de la colonialidad del deseo
Authors: Polo Blanco Jorge
Published: July 2020

Asumiendo el marco teórico decolonial, en lo que a las cuestiones de género se refiere, abordaremos una cuestión importante: los imaginarios sexuales que, desde las culturas occidentales, han sido proyectados sobre las alteridades no-occidentales. En ese sentido, hablaremos de “alteridades fantaseadas” y de “colonialidad del deseo” para connotar ciertos procesos de dominación que tienen que ver con la racialización de la sexualidad y con la sexualización de la raza. Pero abordaremos, al mismo tiempo, las críticas que desde los “feminismos otros” han sido lanzadas contra el feminismo hegemónico de cuño occidentalocéntrico, pues éste ha sido en demasiadas ocasiones un discurso cómplice con la subalternización secular de todas las mujeres “no-blancas”, esto es, racializadas. Y esa complicidad ha radicado, precisamente, en la ignorancia y en la incomprensión de la interseccionalidad de género, sexo, raza y clase.
Nietzsche e a Mnemotécnica: do sofrimento à afirmação da vida pelo artista da dor
Authors: Feiler Adilson Felicio
Published: July 2020

Uma das técnicas, pensadas por Nietzsche, para ativar a consciência moral é a técnica da memória, que o filósofo denomina mnemotécnica. Ora, submeter a memória a procedimentos com capacidade de predição e controle, equivale a despi-la daquilo que é sua característica orgânica e vital que lhe confere a capacidade de, para além de todos os enquadramentos técnicos superficiais, a todo o momento superar-se mediante o alcance de pontos mais culminantes de potência. As considerações de Nietzsche em torno do problema da má consciência, assim como de sua expressão em forma de ódio e vingança é marca do ressentimento, estão ligadas aos obstáculos que se interpõem frente à ação. Pela ação, toda a carga instintiva é manifesta em forma de obra de arte pelo criador; ao contrário, se interiorizada, a carga se torna veneno degenerativo. Nietzsche atribui estes obstáculos à ação e à memória como um dos fatores preponderantes. Na Segunda Dissertação de Para a genealogia da moral, Nietzsche apresenta a má consciência como um fatalismo sem luta, o que repercute em resignação e doença. Pela má consciência às propensões naturais do agir é atribuído um olhar ruim, hostil à vida e difamador do mundo. Sua origem se liga a um movimento de interiorização dos instintos, o que resulta em luta contra si mesmo e degeneração fisiológica. A presente investigação considera as diversas técnicas que foram sendo desenvolvidas a fim de que não só as informações mais diversas não caíssem no esquecimento, mas a maneira como estas são lembradas no sentido de produzirem, ao invés de expansão da vida, encolhimento, resignação e degeneração. Estaria Nietzsche defendendo a dissolução da memória como um todo, ou redimensionando a maneira pela qual se tem vivido dela?
Imanência e "arte" de interpretar em Spinoza
Authors: Chagas José Soares
Published: July 2020

O nosso objetivo é apresentar e discutir o método de interpretar as Escrituras desenvolvido e aplicado por Spinoza. Com efeito, já se encontrando na maturidade de seu pensamento, e envolvido na política a favor de seu pensionista Jan de Witt, chefe do partido liberal, Spinoza interrompe a sua obra suma, a Ética, para escrever o Tractatus thelogico-politicus (TTP), no qual irá defender a libertas philosofandi a partir da distinção entre os campos da razão e da fé, de maneira a associar esta à função de mera instrutora do vulgo incapaz de ascender à virtude pela via da luz natural: caminho próprio do sábio que não age pelo medo de coação ou pela recompensa da ação, mas unicamente pelo amor intelectual ao summum bonum. É por isso que realizará uma interpretação da Sacra Scriptura e a proposta de um método capaz de explicá-la por ela mesma, de maneira imanente à semelhança de como as ciências estudam a natureza.
El problema del radicalismo cosmológico de Spinoza y Nietzsche: análisis desde dos lecturas nietzscheanas
Authors: Martínez Becerra Pablo
Published: July 2020

Al intentar establecer cuánto debe Nietzsche a Spinoza en la configuración de su visión radical del mundo y quién de los dos da los pasos más decisivos en la disolución de la trascendencia, encontramos diversas dificultades. La primera es que la disputa acerca del ateísmo spinociano parece que no podrá nunca dirimirse en un grado aceptable. La segunda dice relación con la imagen que Nietzsche tiene de Spinoza en tanto puede considerarse sesgada  debido al conocimiento indirecto de su obra. La tercera es que para determinar, en parte, qué adeuda la interpretación de Nietzsche al filósofo holandés, se requiere hacer un análisis exhaustivo y pormenorizado de sus autores fuente. Tomando en cuenta estas complejidades, el autor del artículo defiende que para formarse una idea adecuada de la deuda del radicalismo de Nietzsche con Spinoza y para juzgar quién de ellos nos precipita con más relevancia a la pura inmanencia, es necesario ir estudiando sus lecturas sobre el filósofo judío, incluso las más descuidadas, más allá de Kuno Fischer. De acuerdo con ello, en este escrito se analizan dos lecturas de Nietzsche poco utilizadas en esta reflexión, a saber: Heinrich Heine (1797-1856)  y Jean-Marie Guyau (1854-1888). Se asume así que, para alcanzar un nivel más alto de claridad en el tema estudiado, se ha de acotar el marco bibliográfico en el que se ha de realizar la hermenéutica de Nietzsche y sus fuentes. Teniendo presente estos presupuestos, se compara el panteísmo, la desantropomorfización del mundo y el conatus sese conservandi de Spinoza, con el monismo, la extramoralidad del mundo y la voluntad de poder de Nietzsche, respectivamente, para evaluar el alcance del radicalismo cosmológico de uno y otro autor.
En busca de la democracia spinoziana
Authors: Rojas Lillo Salomé
Published: July 2020

El objetivo de este escrito es exponer las características del Estado democrático como lo concibe Spinoza en su Tratado teológico político (1670), conciliando la libertad individual con la paz del Estado. Para esto, en primera instancia se contrastan los efectos de gobernar de forma autoritaria, liberal y democráticamente. Luego presento los fundamentos del Estado a partir del derecho natural individual y una ley universal humana para poder establecer los requisitos para que se conserve el Estado democrático: obediencia, fidelidad y libertad de expresión de parte de los súbditos, determinando los límites tanto de los individuos como de parte del Estado. Finalmente, se presenta la degeneración de la razón de Estado como la concibe Maquiavelo, dejando abierta la reflexión para lo que sucede en el ámbito de la política actual.
Aporías de la democracia
Authors: Montes Montoya Angélica
Published: July 2020

“Aporías de la democracia” es la primera obra colectiva de la red NosOtros y que surge del encuentro de un grupo de académicas y académicos de distintas instituciones y países de América latina y Europa. Esta red inicio el proceso de compartir y producir en colectivo con el 1er Coloquio Euro-Latinoamericano consagrado al tema que da su título a la obra.
Phase Fluctuation Analysis in Functional Brain Networks of Scaling EEG for Driver Fatigue Detection
Authors: Fu Rongrong , Han Mengmeng , Yu Bao , Shi Peiming , Wen Jiangtao
Published: July 2020

The characterization of complex patterns arising from electroencephalogram (EEG) is an important problem with significant applications in identifying different mental states. Based on the operational EEG of drivers, a method is proposed to characterize and distinguish different EEG patterns. The EEG measurements from seven professional taxi drivers were collected under different states. The phase characterization method was used to calculate the instantaneous phase from the EEG measurements. Then, the optimization of drivers’ EEG was realized through performing common spatial pattern analysis. The structures and scaling components of the brain networks from optimized EEG measurements are sensitive to the EEG patterns. The effectiveness of the method is demonstrated, and its applicability is articulated.
A Warehouse Social and Environmental Performance Metrics Framework
Authors: Bajec Patricija , Tuljak-Suban Danijela , Bajor Ivona
Published: July 2020

To improve the supply chain performance in all three aspects of sustainability (social, economic, and environmental), a comprehensive sustainable performance measurement system that captures all the supply chain partners’ efforts and commitments is required. Warehouse, as the second largest logistics source of environmental pollution in the supply chain has been almost completely overlooked and ignored in the past studies. To fill this gap, a warehouse performance metrics framework for environmental and social performance measures was proposed using a novel Fuzzy Delphi and Best-worst methodological approach. The method is less time-consuming than the Analytic Hierarchy Process or Analytic Network Process, it does not address whether criteria are dependent or independent, requires fewer comparisons of criteria, but still produces reliable and credible results. The presented framework consists of 32 equally formulated environmental and social performance indicators, including formulas and measurement units. The 14 most important indicators are ranked according to the requirements of different stakeholders.
Determining Air Traffic Complexity – Challenges and Future Development
Authors: Antulov-Fantulin Bruno , Juričić Biljana , Radišić Tomislav , Çetek Cem
Published: July 2020

Air traffic complexity is one of the main drivers of the air traffic controllers’ workload. With the forecasted increase of air traffic, the impact of complexity on the controllers' workload will be even more pronounced in the coming years. The existing models and methods for determining air traffic complexity have drawbacks and issues which are still an unsolved challenge. In this paper, an overview is given of the most relevant literature on air traffic complexity and improvements that can be done in this field. The existing issues have been tackled and new solutions have been given on how to improve the determination of air traffic complexity. A preliminary communication is given on the future development of a novel method for determining air traffic complexity with the aim of designing a new air traffic complexity model based on air traffic controller tasks. The novel method uses new solutions, such as air traffic controller tasks defined on pre-conflict resolution parameters, experiment design, static images of traffic situations and generic airspace to improve the existing air traffic complexity models.
Development of a Partial Proportional Odds Model for Pedestrian Injury Severity at Intersections
Authors: Lu Xi , Ma Zhuanglin , Chien Steven I-Jy , Xiong Ying
Published: July 2020

Pedestrian injury in crashes at intersections often results from complex interaction among various factors. The factor identification is a critical task for understanding the causes and improving the pedestrian safety. A total of 2,614 crash records at signalized and non-signalized intersections were applied. A Partial Proportional Odds (PPO) model was developed to examine the factors influencing Pedestrian Injury Severity (PIS) because it can accommodate the ordered response nature of injury severity. An elasticity analysis was conducted to quantify the marginal effects of contributing factors on the likelihood of PIS. For signalized intersections, seven explanatory variables significantly affect the likelihood of PIS, in which five explanatory variables violate the Proportional Odds Assumption (POA). Local driver, truck, holiday, clear weather, and hit-and-run lead to higher likelihood of severer PIS. For non-signalized intersections, six explanatory variables were found significant to the PIS, in which three explanatory variables violate the POA. Young and adult drivers, senior pedestrian, bus/van, divided road, holiday, and darkness tend to increase the likelihood of severer PIS. The vehicles of large size and heavy weight (e.g. truck, bus/van) are significant factors to the PIS at both signalized and non-signalized intersections. The proposed PPO model has demonstrated its effectiveness in identifying the effects of contributing factors on the PIS.
Applying the Concept of Eco House in Reality. Concerns and Trends in Design, Arrangement and Optimization of Kitchen Space
Authors: Cioruta Bogdan-Vasile , Coman Mirela
Published: July 2020

Over the years, the role and appearance of the kitchen have changed. The story of the simplistic kitchen begins before the advent of modern man and continues until the early 20th century, when the concept took on a new meaning, becoming a welcoming room with the introduction of running water, electricity, and gas. Nowadays, we witness a mixture of world cuisines, trying to imitate the specifics of the kitchen even at home. The era is also characterized by a tendency to reduce the time needed to prepare food, a phenomenon that is partly explained by the requirements of professional life, and technical and scientific progress. Due to the progress of the technical sciences, both the design and the arrangement and optimization of the kitchen (as a living space) have become, as expected, in terms of computer technologies, elements that can be accessible to anyone, without thorough specialized knowledge. In this context, this paper aimed to present the transition from realistic housing design - in the form of models and plans - which was the merit of specialists, to the design of the dream home - through computerized assistance - which today is considered a real opportunity for development, which can also be applied to greenhouses. Starting from the kitchen space and going, in turn, through the stages of design, arrangement, and optimization, the aim was to show that the policies and strategies of good practice that are suitable to be adopted can make the kitchen become one with low impact on the environment. This desideratum can be met by an efficient design of the space, by common sense and meticulous arrangement, respectively by optimizing the storage space, the route of the activities carried out and, the energy consumption. Based on the most frequently consulted literature and good practice guides, it was concluded that the kitchen is by far the space with the most significant impact on the environment, and as such a new approach is needed for it to fit within acceptable limits relative to energy consumption, pollution and waste generation.
Unfavorable Attitude and Perceived Stigma towards Leprosy: A Concern for Status Perpetuation in a Community in Cross River State, Nigeria
Authors: Ogban G. I. , Iwuafor A. A. , Emanghe U. E. , Ushie S. N. , Ndueso E. M. , Nwadiaro R. I. Ejemot- , Osuchukwu N. C.
Published: July 2020

Background: Negative attitude and stigma against leprosy patients constrain them to resort to concealing their status thus resulting in delayed detection, treatment, complications and perpetuation of the condition in the locality. This study was aimed at finding out the prevailing attitude and stigma toward leprosy in the community with a view to addressing the fueling factors.

Materials and Methods: It was descriptive cross sectional study. Semi-structured interviewer administered questionnaires were used for data collection. Explanatory Model Interview Catalogue (EMIC), was used to grade stigma against leprosy amongst participants. Answers to questions in the questionnaire were assigned scores which were summed up into percentage breakpoints. A respondent was interpreted as having favorable or unfavorable attitude to leprosy depending on his or her percentage sum of score.

Stigma was categorized based on the sum of an individual’s EMIC score as high, moderate or low level of stigma. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.

Results: The study revealed that only 44(15%) of respondents had favorable attitude towards leprosy whereas 250(85%) had unfavorable attitude towards this group. Attitude to leprosy was observed to be significantly related to age and sex of respondent, religion and ethnicity, p-value< 0.05. EMIC profile of the study respondents revealed that 47(16%) demonstrated low stigma, 81(28%) demonstrated moderate stigma and 166(56%) demonstrated high stigma towards leprosy. There was no statistically significant relationship between stigma and socio-demographic variables.

Conclusion: Misunderstanding and misconceptions about leprosy and leprosy patients is still well rooted in the norms and culture of the people of Ikun, breeding negative attitude and stigma toward leprosy. Vigorous leprosy awareness programs structured along the lines of attitude-stigma influencing socio-demographic variables, with emphasis on the cause, transmission, diagnosis and treatment of leprosy will help to stem the tide of myths and misconceptions.
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) Degrading Potential of Bacteria Isolated from Iko River Sediment
Authors: Akpan Stephen , Umana Senyene , Etuk Solomon
Published: July 2020

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) degrading potential of bacteria isolated from Iko River sediment, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria was investigated. The mean total heterotrophic bacteria obtained from the sediment samples was 6.4 × 10 cfu/g while 9.8 x 103 cfu/g hydrocarbon utilizing bacteria was recorded. Preliminary screening of the hydrocarbonoclastic bacterial isolates revealed that among the 12 bacterial isolates, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis, Alcaligenes sp exhibited the strongest ability to utilize crude oil. The result also revealed Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa as the best PAH degraders. A higher microbial cells count in the 2-ring PAH (naphthalene) supplemented –MSM was recorded. The levels of attenuance however varied with the test organism and were accompanied by fluctuations but decreasing pH levels and slight changes in temperature of the culture medium. In vitro degradation study carried out for the 21 days showed that the degradation of PAH when augmented with Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis respectively was faster than when un-augmented. The PAH content was reduced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis from 10.42 to 9.03 and 9.56 respectively. The hydrocarbon degradation by augmented cultures of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis implies that bioaugmentation can be harnessed for bioremediation purposes.
PKAN neurodegeneration and residual PANK2 activities in patient erythrocytes
Authors: Werning Maike , Müllner Ernst W. , Mlynek Georg , Dobretzberger Verena , Djinovic‐Carugo Kristina , Baron David M. , Prokisch Holger , Büchner Boriana , Klopstock Thomas , Salzer Ulrich
Published: July 2020

Objective

Pantothenate kinase 2‐associated neurodegeneration (PKAN) is a rare neurodegenerative disease caused by mutations in the pantothenate kinase 2 (PANK2) gene. PKAN is associated with iron deposition in the basal ganglia and, occasionally, with the occurrence of misshaped erythrocytes (acanthocytes). The aim of this study was to assess residual activity of PANK2 in erythrocytes of PKAN patients and to correlate these data with the type of PANK2 mutations and the progression of neurodegeneration.

Methods

Residual PANK2 activities in erythrocytes of 14 PKAN patients and 14 related carriers were assessed by a radiometric assay. Clinical data on neurodegeneration included the Barry–Albright Dystonia Scale (BAD‐Scale) besides further general patient features. A molecular visualization and analysis program was used to rationalize the influence of the PKAN causing mutations on a molecular level.

Results

Erythrocytes of PKAN patients had markedly reduced or no PANK2 activity. However, patients with at least one allele of the c.1583C > T (T528M) or the c.833G > T (R278L) variant exhibited 12–56% of residual PANK2 activity. In line, molecular modeling indicated only minor effects on enzyme structure for these point mutations. On average, these patients with c.1583C > T or c.833G > T variant had lower BAD scores corresponding to lower symptom severity than patients with other PANK2 point mutations.

Interpretation

Residual erythrocyte PANK2 activity could be a predictor for the progression of neurodegeneration in PKAN patients. Erythrocytes are an interesting patient‐derived cell system with still underestimated diagnostic potential.
Advice from Rob Kent to states: Harm reduction and integration
Authors: Kent Rob
Published: July 2020

My work at New York State's Office of Addiction Services and Supports gave me the privilege to travel the state of New York and meet so many amazing people who are connected to the world of addiction treatment, prevention and recovery.
Cephalopod‐Inspired High Dynamic Range Mechano‐Imaging in Polymeric Materials
Authors: Clough Jess M. , van der Gucht Jasper , Kodger Thomas E. , Sprakel Joris
Published: July 2020

Cephalopods, such as squid, cuttlefish, and octopuses, use an array of responsive absorptive and photonic dermal structures to achieve rapid and reversible color changes for spectacular camouflage and signaling displays. Challenges remain in designing synthetic soft materials with similar multiple and dynamic responsivity for the development of optical sensors for the sensitive detection of mechanical stresses and strains. Here, a high dynamic range mechano‐imaging (HDR‐MI) polymeric material integrating physical and chemical mechanochromism is designed providing a continuous optical read‐out of strain upon mechanical deformation. By combining a colloidal photonic array with a mechanically responsive dye, the material architecture significantly improves the mechanochromic sensitivity, which is moreover readily tuned, and expands the range of detectable strains and stresses at both microscopic and nanoscopic length scales. This multi‐functional material is highlighted by creating detailed HDR mechanographs of membrane deformation and around defects using a low‐cost hyperspectral camera, which is found to be in excellent agreement with the results of finite element simulations. This multi‐scale approach to mechano‐sensing and ‐imaging provides a platform to develop mechanochromic composites with high sensitivity and high dynamic mechanical range.
Construction of Built‐In Electric Field within Silver Phosphate Photocatalyst for Enhanced Removal of Recalcitrant Organic Pollutants
Authors: Lin Yan , Yang Chunping , Wu Shaohua , Li Xiang , Chen Yingjie , Yang William L.
Published: July 2020

Semiconductor photocatalysis technology has aroused great interest in photocatalytic degradation, but it suffers from the drawbacks of fast electron‐hole recombination and unsatisfactory degradation efficiency. Herein, a novel photocatalyst Ag3PO4@NC with excellent photocatalytic activity is successfully prepared, characterized, and evaluated for the efficient removal of organic pollutants. After visible light irradiation for 5, 8, and 12 min, the photocatalytic degradation efficiency of norfloxacin, diclofenac, and phenol on the composite catalyst reaches 100%, and the apparent rate constant of which is 19.2, 48.7, and 23.2 times than that of the pure Ag3PO4, respectively. The density functional theory calculation results indicate that there is a built‐in electric field from N‐doped carbon (NC) to Ag3PO4 at the interface of the composite catalyst. Driven by the electric field, the photogenerated electrons of Ag3PO4 can be readily transferred to the NC, leading to the efficient separation of photogenerated carriers and the significant improvement of the catalytic performance. The results of radical trapping experiments and electron spin resonance analysis show that photogenerated holes and O2− play an important role in the photodegradation process. This work provides a universal strategy of construction built‐in electric field through coupling with NC to improve the photocatalytic performance of photocatalysts.
All‐Organic, Temporally Pure White Afterglow in Amorphous Films Using Complementary Blue and Greenish‐Yellow Ultralong Room Temperature Phosphors
Authors: Kuila Suman , Garain Swadhin , Bandi Sreenivasulu , George Subi J.
Published: July 2020

Organic molecules exhibiting afterglow emission (lifetime longer than 0.1 s) under ambient conditions have sparked tremendous attention in recent years as a sustainable energy source with potential applications in displays, lighting, and bioimaging. However, white afterglow organic materials with color purity during the entire period of delayed emission, after the cessation of excitation source, are yet to be achieved due to the different excited state lifetimes of its primary or complementary components. Herein, a remarkable, ambient “temporally pure white afterglow,” which lasts for over 7 s, by coorganizing complementary blue and greenish‐yellow organic room temperature phosphors with similar ultralong lifetimes and efficiency, in an amorphous polymer film is demonstrated. One of the most efficient blue afterglow room temperature phosphors is also reported, with an ultralong lifetime up to 2.26 s and maximum quantum efficiency of 36.8%, from purely organic triazatruxenes en route to the realization of this white afterglow. Further, broad and complementary absorption features of the coorganized phosphors in the visible region facilitates an excitation‐dependent dynamic color‐tuning of the afterglow from sky‐blue to greenish‐yellow.
Bioinspired Copper Single‐Atom Catalysts for Tumor Parallel Catalytic Therapy
Authors: Lu Xiangyu , Gao Shanshan , Lin Han , Yu Luodan , Han Yunhu , Zhu Piao , Bao Weichao , Yao Heliang , Chen Yu , Shi Jianlin
Published: July 2020

The oxidation of intracellular biomolecules by reactive oxygen species (ROS) forms the basis for ROS‐based tumor therapy. However, the current therapeutic modalities cannot catalyze H2O2 and O2 concurrently for ROS generation, thereby leading to unsatisfactory therapeutic efficacy. Herein, it is reported a bioinspired hollow N‐doped carbon sphere doped with a single‐atom copper species (Cu‐HNCS) that can directly catalyze the decomposition of both oxygen and hydrogen peroxide to ROS, namely superoxide ion (O2•−) and the hydroxyl radical (•OH), respectively, in an acidic tumor microenvironment for the oxidation of intracellular biomolecules without external energy input, thus resulting in an enhanced tumor growth inhibitory effect. Notably, the Fenton reaction turnover frequency of Cu species in Cu‐HNCS is ≈5000 times higher than that of Fe in commercial Fe3O4 nanoparticles. Experimental results and density functional theory calculations reveal that the high catalytic activity of Cu‐HNCS originates from the single‐atom copper, and the calculation predicts a next‐generation Fenton catalyst. This work provides an effective paradigm of tumor parallel catalytic therapy for considerably enhanced therapeutic efficacy.
Long‐Range Ordered Amorphous Atomic Chains as Building Blocks of a Superconducting Quasi‐One‐Dimensional Crystal
Authors: An Chao , Zhou Yonghui , Chen Chunhua , Fei Fucong , Song Fengqi , Park Changyong , Zhou Jianhui , Rubahn Horst‐Günter , Moshchalkov Victor V. , Chen Xuliang , Zhang Gufei , Yang Zhaorong
Published: July 2020

Crystalline and amorphous structures are two of the most common solid‐state phases. Crystals having orientational and periodic translation symmetries are usually both short‐range and long‐range ordered, while amorphous materials have no long‐range order. Short‐range ordered but long‐range disordered materials are generally categorized into amorphous phases. In contrast to the extensively studied crystalline and amorphous phases, the combination of short‐range disordered and long‐range ordered structures at the atomic level is extremely rare and so far has only been reported for solvated fullerenes under compression. Here, a report on the creation and investigation of a superconducting quasi‐1D material with long‐range ordered amorphous building blocks is presented. Using a diamond anvil cell, monocrystalline (TaSe4)2I is compressed and a system is created where the TaSe4 atomic chains are in amorphous state without breaking the orientational and periodic translation symmetries of the chain lattice. Strikingly, along with the amorphization of the atomic chains, the insulating (TaSe4)2I becomes a superconductor. The data provide critical insight into a new phase of solid‐state materials. The findings demonstrate a first ever case where superconductivity is hosted by a lattice with periodic but amorphous constituent atomic chains.
Palladium/Norbornene‐Catalyzed Sequential ortho‐Acylation and ipso‐Alkenylation with Carboxylic Acid: Access to Polysubstituted Aryl Ketones
Authors: Yang Shimin , Feng Yunxia , Zhao Shen , Chen Lei , Li Xinjin , Zhang Daopeng , Liu Hui , Dong Yunhui , Sun Feng‐Gang
Published: July 2020

Herein a palladium/norbornene‐catalyzed sequential ortho‐acylation and ispo‐alkenylation for access to polysubstituted aryl ketones has been developed. By exploiting dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) as activator, aryl with electron‐donating or electron‐withdrawing functionalities, alkyl, and heteroaryl carboxylic acids were compatible in this transformation, affording the desired products in decent to good yields.

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Blue Energy Collection toward All‐Hours Self‐Powered Chemical Energy Conversion
Authors: Zhai Ningning , Wen Zhen , Chen Xiaoping , Wei Aimin , Sha Mo , Fu Jingjing , Liu Yina , Zhong Jun , Sun Xuhui
Published: July 2020

The conversion and transmission of blue energy in the ocean are critical issues. By employing triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs), blue energy can be harvested but the corresponding electricity transmission and storage are still great challenges. In this work, an automatic high‐efficiency self‐powered energy collection and conversion system is proposed that converts blue energy to chemical energy. A gear‐driven unidirectional acceleration TENG is designed to convert disordered and low‐frequency water wave energy to low voltage and high current DC output. The output bias from the TENG can be used to drive a Ti–Fe2O3/FeNiOOH based photoelectrochemical cell under sunlight to produce hydrogen. Moreover, under the situation without sunlight, the self‐powered system can be automatically switched to another working state to charge a Co3O4 based lithium‐ion battery. The hydrogen production rate reaches to 4.65 µL min‐1 under sunlight at the rotation speed of 120 rpm. The conversion efficiency of the whole system is calculated to be 2.29%. The system triggered by photoswitches can automatically switch between two working states with or without sunlight and convert the blue energy to either hydrogen energy or battery energy for easy storage and transmission, which widens the future applications for blue energy.