bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Right of Publicity and Autonomous Self-Definition
Authors: McKenna Mark P.
Published: April 2012

Arnold Schwarzenegger recently sued a company that was marketing a machine gun-toting bobblehead doll made in his image. Schwarzenegger claimed that the producer was free-riding on the value of his image, violating his right of publicity. But where the Terminator turned Governor of California saw an attempt to exploit his hard-earned reputation, others saw valuable political speech intended to parody Schwarzenegger. The case ultimately settled, but not before drawing attention to the breadth of the current right of publicity, which has expanded to allow claims against an everincreasing range of conduct. As critics of Schwarzenegger’s case recognized, his was only the latest in a long line of (often successful) attempts by celebrities to extend the claim’s boundaries.6 And there is no end to that trend in sight; one can discern no principle in the current doctrine or its dominant theory on which any limitation might be based.
The Blueing of America: The Bridge Between the War on Drugs and the War on Terror
Authors: Ashdown Gerald G.
Published: April 2012

The reaction to the Vietnam War protest years, the presidency of Richard Nixon, and ultimately that of Ronald Reagan, ushered in a conservative revolution in the United States that still endures. Republican Presidents during this period have appointed eleven Justices to the United States Supreme Court,1 seven of whom serve on the Court today.2 Coinciding with this historical phenomenon was the proliferation of drug usage in the country: first marijuana, hallucinogenic drugs, and amphetamines during the counterculture years of the late ’60s and ’70s, and later powder and then crack cocaine. When prosecutorial emphasis shifted, especially at the federal level,3 to meet the increased fascination with narcotics, courts in the country became deluged with drug cases, many if not most of which presented Fourth Amendment search and seizure issues. This, of course, was because the Fourth Amendment’s exclusionary rule could make the corpus of the crime unavailable to the prosecution.
Single Subject Rules and the Legislative Process
Authors: Gilbert Michael D.
Published: April 2012

Despite generating thousands of cases on important public issues, the single subject rule remains a source of uncertainty and inconsistency. The root of the problem lies in the inability to define the term “subject” using legal doctrine. This paper reexamines the single subject rule through the lens of public choice theory and finds that its purposes are wrongheaded. Logrolling is not necessarily harmful, and improving political transparency requires legislative compromises to be packaged together rather than spread across multiple acts. Riding is not a form of logrolling but an analytically distinct and more threatening practice. This analysis yields a precise, political definition of “subject” and a new framework for resolving single subject disputes.
Fans, Free Expression, and the Wide World of Sports
Authors: Wasserman Howard M.
Published: April 2012

People will come to ballparks, stadiums, and arenas (usually paid for by the community for the exclusive benefit of a professional team) to watch the games being played. The controversy is over what people will say when they get there.
The King Kong Contingent: Should the Medicare Secondary Payer Statute Reach to Future Medical Expenses in Personal Injury Settlements?
Authors: Schmidt Norma S.
Published: April 2012

When Medicare liens are involved in personal injury settlements, Medicare has been likened to an “800-pound gorilla” at the negotiations table. Any significant Medicare lien can dominate settlement negotiations because the Medicare Secondary Payer (MSP) statute grants Medicare a firstpriority right to prompt reimbursement for all pre-settlement conditional payments and wields the threat of double-damages for failing to fully consider Medicare’s interests. If the Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) continues the trend of extending the MSP statute’s reach, Medicareeligible recipients of personal injury settlements risk losing much more of their settlement proceeds, not only to satisfy existing Medicare liens, but also to pay for future medical expenses that would otherwise be covered by Medicare. With such an expansion, the great “gorilla at the table” could start to take on the mythic proportions of Carl Denham’s “Eighth Wonder of the World.”
Deflecting a Suspect From Requesting an Attorney
Authors: White Welsh S.
Published: April 2012

Max Alexander Soffar, who had been arrested for motorcycle theft in Harris County, Texas, hinted to the arresting officer that he had been involved in the killing of bowling alley employees in Houston, Texas. At the police station, officers summoned Officer Clawson to assist in the interrogation. Soffar had previously worked as an informant for Clawson and viewed him as a friend. Clawson gave Soffar a new set of Miranda warnings and Soffar waived his rights. A little later, Detective Schultz questioned Soffar and Soffar recounted details relating to the killings that Schultz believed “only the perpetrator would know.”
Traffic Stops, Reasonable Suspicion, and the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania: A State Constitutional Analysis
Authors: Buffone Dennis J.
Published: April 2012

The Fourth Amendment to the Federal Constitution protects individuals against unreasonable searches and seizures. Traditionally, the Supreme Court has interpreted the Fourth Amendment to require warrants supported by probable cause in both the search and seizure contexts. In Terry v. Ohio, the Supreme Court recognized that not all interactions between police and citizens involve intrusions serious enough to trigger the full probable cause standard. As a result, the Court delineated a specific, narrowly applicable exception to the general rule. The Court held that in situations where the police have specific and articulable grounds that provide them with reasonable suspicion that criminal activity is afoot, they may briefly detain an individual for purposes of investigation. Both the facts of Terry and the language of Justice Warren’s opinion leave no doubt that the exception was to be construed and applied in only the narrowest of contexts. However, as lower courts interpreted and applied Terry in the following years, the standard enunciated in Terry blurred considerably. Hence came the development of the wellentrenched, but nebulous, investigative detention doctrine.
The Enforcement of Child Custody Orders by Contempt Remedies
Authors: Mahoney Margaret M.
Published: April 2012

Millions of divorced couples are regulated in their conduct as parents by the terms of parenting plans or custody and visitation orders established by the divorce courts. These judicial orders restrict certain parental choices, such as the amount of time that each parent will spend with the children and the manner in which important child-related decisions will be made. Prior to divorce, these same families were free of such detailed regulation by the state. In the eyes of the law, the post-divorce regulation of parenting activity serves the important purpose of protecting, in an orderly fashion, established relationships between children and both of their parents in light of the changed family circumstances that result from divorce.
Divide and Sprawl, Decline and Fall: A Comparative Critique of Euclidean Zoning
Authors: Hall Eliza
Published: April 2012

As many commentators have pointed out, the land use patterns prevalent in the United States since the advent of Euclidean-style zoning have played a direct role in the development of a surprisingly broad range of problems: “[b]y fostering or requiring low density development with a high separation of uses, Euclidean zoning is one of the great generators of suburban sprawl, with all of its environmental, economic, and social costs.” These costs include pollution, loss of wilderness and farmland, racial and socioeconomic segregation of the population, and legal obstacles to effective urban rehabilitation.6 Moreover, in combination with prevailing patterns of local funding, the socioeconomic segregation caused by Euclidean zoning perpetuates itself by channeling less well-off children into chronically underequipped public schools and stretching the resources of many urban municipalities too thin, leaving them to choose between raising property tax rates or allowing their infrastructure to decay. That devil’s bargain bolsters the tendency of middle- and higher-income people to live in suburbs rather than cities, deepening the downward spiral in which many American cities find themselves. And the damage goes even further: “many current zoning practices disregard or even work against crime prevention goals” in both cities and suburbs. This is particularly problematic in light of the fact that “Euclidean systems of separation—conventional zoning—have been implemented ubiquitously” in the United States: “[a]bout ninety-seven percent of incorporated communities zone.”
The “Jock Tax”: Fair Play or Unsportsmanlike Conduct
Authors: DiMascio John
Published: April 2012

Just as the players of the Seattle Seahawks began to settle into their offseason routines following the 2005 season, April 17 brought an unpleasant reminder of the loss they suffered in Super Bowl XL. Although it may not have set in entirely by then for many of the players, each of them likely realized the exact nature of his loss in Detroit. Of course the loss referred to is not the team’s 21-10 defeat at the hands of the Pittsburgh Steelers. Rather, it is the income that each player was forced to surrender to the state of Michigan and the city of Detroit in compliance with the “jock tax” levied by those jurisdictions. It has been estimated that Michigan’s 3.4% tax on nonresident athletes cost the Seahawks nearly $300,000 just to play at Ford Field. In addition to that, the city of Detroit imposes its own 1.275% tax on the earnings of the athletes. In the end, Seattle quarterback Matt Hasslebeck was forced to pay out an estimated $10,000 of his salary to a city and state where he has no residence and no affiliation.
The Tiger Awakens: The Tumultuous Transformation of India’s Patent System and the Rise of Indian Pharmaceutical Innovation
Authors: Mueller Janice M.
Published: April 2012

The first day of January 2005 marked a dramatic turning point in the history of India. By deliberately excluding pharmaceutical products from patent protection for the previous 34 years, India became a world leader in high-quality generic drug manufacturing. But India’s entry into the global economy at the end of the 20th century, as evidenced by membership in the World Trade Organization (WTO), compelled the nation to once again award patents on drugs. Moreover, India henceforth would have to apply internationally-accepted criteria for granting patents, and the term of its patents would have to extend twenty years beyond filing.
Irreconcilable Differences: How Sanchez-Llamas v. Oregon Undermines Article 36 of the Vienna Convention on Consular Relations
Authors: Rosenfeld Eric
Published: April 2012

For over 150 years, the principle of comity has played a crucial role in American legal jurisprudence in the arena of international law. Comity is the “practice among political entities (as nations, states, or courts of different jurisdictions), involving . . . mutual recognition of legislative, executive, and judicial acts.” At the highest level of generality, comity encourages international judicial courtesy and respect for foreign legal values. With regard to interstate relations, it has shaped the uniquely American doctrine of act of state as well as the international understanding of foreign sovereign immunity. Against the backdrop of Cold War diplomacy in the 1960s, comity also fostered the Vienna Convention on Consular Relations (VCCR), a treaty that seeks to regulate relations between individual nations and foreign consular officials. The VCCR governs diplomatic protocol such as the establishment and conduct of consular relations and the privileges and immunities of consular officers and offices from the laws of the “receiving State” (the country where the foreign consular office has been established). Its adoption was arguably “the single most important event in the entire history of the consular institution.”
Extra Time as an Accommodation
Authors: Colker Ruth
Published: April 2012

Although the provision of extra time has become the standard method of accommodating students with various disabilities when they take the Law School Admissions Test (LSAT) or in-class timed exams, this Article suggests that we consider other means of attaining fairness on exams. Through a survey of the psychometric literature, as well as a modest empirical study, this Article argues that the rank order of students is likely to be significantly affected by the type of examination instrument used. This Article places the psychometric literature on examination results in the context of testing of prelaw students as well as law students and suggests that we place less emphasis on timed instruments in ranking students.
How Potential Employers Approach Disability: A Survey of Law Students in Georgia
Authors: Puckett E. Ann
Published: April 2012

When I set out to discover how potential employers of law students approach issues of disability in their interviews, I did not expect to find a great deal of published information on the topic. The result was even more sparse than I expected. I only found one somewhat relevant article, a transcript of a roundtable discussion on lawyers with disabilities. The roundtable participants, most of whom had a disability, recounted their own experiences. One attorney told of being asked in a job interview about “how I would get around my disability in the courtroom.” He went on to say, “I did not know that that was not an appropriate question. I think lawyers interviewing an attorney today would not ask a question like that.” Two other attorneys were flatly told that they would not be able to try cases in the courtroom because their disabilities would make them ineffective. One began litigating in his first full-time job and was very successful. The other was sequestered in the banking law division of his law firm because “they didn’t see me as a lawyerin the courtroom, even though I was good at those kinds of things.” He left the firm to work in the attorney general’s office and has argued more than forty cases in the appellate courts in the past ten years. He said he likes doing something that other lawyers thought he would not be able to do.
“Baby, Look Inside Your Mirror”: The Legal Profession’s Willful and Sanist Blindness To Lawyers With Mental Disabilities
Authors: Perlin Michael L.
Published: April 2012

The legal profession has notoriously ignored the reality that a significant number of its members exhibit signs of serious mental illness (and become addicted or habituated to drugs or alcohol at levels that are statistically significantly elevated from levels of the public at large). This is no longer news. What has not been explored is why so much of the bar has remained willfully ignorant of these realities, and why it refuses to confront the depths of this problem—one which appears to be exacerbated in the cases of lawyers in large, high-powered firms.
Corporate Attorney-Client Privileges and Work-Product Protections Should Absolutely Be Preserved
Authors: Gardner Jennifer M.
Published: April 2012

The attorney-client privilege is one of the oldest and most basic tenets of American common law. Over the years, however, this privilege has eroded away as it applies to corporations. Beginning in 1999 with the promulgation of a memorandum issued by then-Deputy Attorney General Eric H. Holder (the Holder Memo), the Department of Justice has consistently pursued a policy of “compelled waiver” with regard to corporations. This Department policy has been repeatedly reaffirmed over the years in subsequent memoranda from Deputy Attorney General Larry D. Thompson (the Thompson Memo), Acting Deputy Attorney General Robert D. McCallum, Jr. (the McCallum Memo),6 and Deputy Attorney General Paul J. McNulty (the McNulty Memo).
Watching the Opera In Silence: Disgust, Autonomy, and the Search for Universal Human Rights
Authors: Delgado Richard
Published: April 2012

Are human rights expanding over time? Christopher Stone, Peter Singer, and many others hold that they are and that this is a good thing. In a famous article and book, Stone points out that in early times, human beings recognized rights only for members of their immediate family or clan. Gradually, our circle of concern expanded to include members of other clans, then foreigners, women, Jews, and members of other races. Stone writes that we will eventually come to endow natural objects, such as rocks, trees, fish, and rivers, with rights, so that one day the entire natural environment will receive protection in its own right, not merely because this will benefit humanity.
Hold the Phone: Assessing the Rights of Wireless Handset Owners and Carriers
Authors: Frieden Rob
Published: April 2012

Most subscribers in the United States acquire a subsidized handset when they activate or renew wireless telephone service. In exchange for purchasing a handset below cost, these customers must commit to a two-year service term with substantial financial penalties for early termination, and they must accept carrier-imposed limitations on the use of their handsets. Wireless carriers typically lock subscriber access to one carrier and lock out or thwart unaffiliated providers from providing content, software, and applications to these handsets. Limitations on the use of wireless handsets juxtaposes with the Carterfone policy established by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) forty years ago, which requires all telephone companies to allow subscribers to attach any technically compatible device. Consumers take for granted the right to attach any device to a network that is “privately beneficial without being publicly detrimental.” Only recently have some wireless subscribers come to understand the costs of not having complete freedom to use their handsets. Technically sophisticated users have resorted to “selfhelp” strategies to override carrier locks at the risk of permanently disabling (“bricking”) the handset.
In the Wake of Catalona: An Alternative Model to Safeguard Research Participants’ Interests in their Biological Materials
Authors: Piccolo Kaitlin M.
Published: April 2012

On February 23, 2006, four men were indicted in connection with a $4.6 million dollar body-snatching scheme. While working for Biomedical Tissue Services Limited, the men allegedly paid funeral homes $1,000 per body from which they mined tissues, organs, and bones without the consent of the deceased’s families. They then sold the parts for research, medical education, and transplantation. Once harvested for valuable parts, the corpses were either cremated or stuffed with “PVC plumbing pipe in place of the bones” and sewed back up for a funeral.
Have We Forgotten K-12? The Need For Punitive Damages To Improve Title IX Enforcement
Authors: Pohlman Katrina A.
Published: April 2012

In the fall of 2000, the Pittsburgh Tribune-Review examined 129 public high schools in southwestern Pennsylvania to evaluate the region’s compliance with Title IX. The Tribune-Review promptly published the results, which were bleak. During the 1999–2000 academic year, two out of every three athletes were boys. Moreover, sixty-nine cents out of every dollar spent on school athletic programs went to boys, with the average school spending $493 on each male athlete and $350 on each female athlete. The individual results of two schools were especially troubling: Duquesne High School had only nine girls playing organized sports in 1999–2000; Clairton High School had only fifteen spots on just one female sports team—basketball. Finally, the survey noted that collegiate athletic programs had been recruiting significantly less in the region.6 As one college coach explained, even the area’s rare, exceptional athlete frequently struggled in the collegiate setting, since such athletes had never had the opportunity to become accustomed to competing against the same caliber of athletes when younger.
Affirmative Action And The “Individual” Right To Equal Protection
Authors: Farrell Robert C.
Published: April 2012

When the Supreme Court, or one its Justices, writes an opinion invalidating a race-conscious affirmative action program, it is commonplace for the opinion to note that the rights protected by the Equal Protection Clause are “individual” or “personal,” and thus require the state to treat every person as an individual, not simply as a member of a class. This assertion about the nature of equal protection rights is assumed to be inconsistent with the classbased underpinning of affirmative action programs, and thus determinative of their invalidation. The problem with affirmative action programs, under this view, is that they ignore the individual characteristics of the persons affected and instead assign different treatment to persons based on their membership in a class. If, for example, the University of California Medical School at Davis assigns a certain number of seats in its entering class to black, Chicano, Asian, and Native-American applicants,2 it has made overly broad assumptions about the characteristics of the members of those classes, and then assigned a benefit on the basis of class membership without regard to individual merit or accomplishment.
Misplaced Populist Rage: Congressional Missteps With Executive Compensation Limitations In The Bailout Legislation
Authors: Filloy Joseph
Published: April 2012

Starting in the summer of 2008, the United States and most other economies of the world began to feel the effects of the subprime mortgage crisis. In response, the federal government enacted The Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008 (EESA) and The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA) to help restore stability to the U.S. economy. Ultimately this legislation, commonly referred to as “the bailout bill(s),” would result in substantial outlays of taxpayer money to financial institutions deemed systemically significant, or “too big to fail.”
Is The Pcaob a “Heavily Controlled Component” Of The Sec?: An Essential Question In The Constitutional Controversy
Authors: Nagy Donna M.
Published: April 2012

The U.S. Supreme Court recently heard oral arguments in Free Enterprise Fund v. Public Company Accounting Oversight Board, described as “the most important separation-of-powers case regarding the President’s appointment and removal powers to reach the courts in the last 20 years.” Established by Congress as the cornerstone of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (“Sarbanes-Oxley” or the “Act”), the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (the “PCAOB” or the “Board”) was structured as “a strong, independent board to oversee the conduct of the auditors of public companies.” Its principal mission was to prevent the type of auditing failures that contributed to the scandals at Enron, WorldCom, and numerous other public companies in the period leading up to the passage of the Act.
Evolutionary Enforcement At The Securities And Exchange Commission
Authors: Barnard Jayne W.
Published: April 2012

Hundreds of critics in the past eighteen months have heaped abuse on the SEC Enforcement Division. How could the Division have missed so much misbehavior on Wall Street? How could the Division’s young lawyers have been charmed by Bernie Madoff and thwarted from discovering his terrible crimes?
Trekking Toward über Regulation: Prospects For Meaningful Change At Sec Enforcement?
Authors: Branson Douglas M.
Published: April 2012

“Once the guardian of the nation’s capital markets, known as an efficient regulator with a highly respected enforcement program, the [SEC] is now the subject of much criticism and is mired in scandal.” Ralph Nader, a critic of government regulation in all its forms, once rated the SEC as the best agency in Washington, head and shoulders above any competitor. Today, those in the securities industry seem to exhibit little fear of the agency and enforcement actions by it. Major scandals (Bernard Madoff, R. Allen Stanford, WestView Capital) go undetected (at least by the SEC) for years or decades, finally unraveling with billions of dollars in investor losses, leaving the SEC only to sweep up and turn out the lights.3 It seems each year, one or more major securities-related scandals has unfolded, undeterred in its formative stages by the prospect of SEC action; at full flower, these scandals may be policed and detected by state attorneys general, state securities commissions, or private plaintiffs, but almost never by the SEC.
Will The SEC Survive Financial Regulatory Reform?
Authors: Jones Renee M.
Published: April 2012

The Securities and Exchange Commission’s (“SEC”) conspicuous failures during the financial crisis of 2008 have led many to question the agency’s relevance in the modern financial era. Some commentators have called for the creation of new super-agencies to assume a substantial portion of the SEC’s duties. Others highlight enforcement failures and question the agency’s commitment to its investor protection mission. Despite its recent missteps and persistent calls for regulatory overhaul, the SEC’s future seems secure for now as President Obama’s reform proposals (the “Obama Plan”) as currently conceived preserve the agency’s independence.
30 Years of Microsurfacing: A Review
Authors: Broughton Ben , Lee Soon-Jae , Kim Yoo-Jae
Published: April 2012

Microsurfacing has been utilized in the United States since 1980 as a maintenance treatment for pavement. This paper reviews the benefits, limitations, and factors that contribute to successful applications of microsurfacing. The history of microsurfacing, as well as a definition and process description of the treatment, is included. The body of scientific work on microsurfacing is shown to promote its use in preventative maintenance programs, and the potential for microsurfacing to meet tightening environmental and budgetary restrictions is discussed. Suggestions are given for future research to expand microsurfacing’s applications and efficacy stemming from the ability of microsurfacing to be cold-applied and utilize polymers in the bitumen.
Investigating Peer Instruction: How the Initial Voting Session Affects Students' Experiences of Group Discussion
Authors: Nielsen Kjetil L. , Hansen-Nygård Gabrielle , Stav John B.
Published: April 2012

Peer Instruction is a popular method of implementation when using Student Response Systems (SRS) in classroom teaching. The students engage in peer discussion to solve conceptual multiple choice problems. Before discussion, students are given time to think and give individual responses with a voting device. In this paper, we investigate how this initial voting session affects students’ experiences of the following discussion. The data is based on student interviews which were analyzed using analytical tools from grounded theory. The students emphasize the individual thinking period as crucial for constructing explanations, argumentation, and participation during discussions, and hence for facilitating learning. However, displaying the results from the initial vote can be devastating for the quality of the discussions, especially when there is a clear majority for a specific alternative. These findings are discussed in light of recent quantitative studies on Peer Instruction.
Primate Disease Ecology in Comparative and Theoretical Perspective
Authors: NUNN CHARLES L.
Published: April 2012

Infectious disease plays a major role in the lives of wild primates, and the past decade has witnessed significant strides in our understanding of primate disease ecology. In this review, I briefly describe some key findings from phylogenetic comparative approaches, focusing on analyses of parasite richness that use theGlobal Mammal Parasite Database. While these studies have provided new answers to fundamental questions, new questions have arisen, including questions about the underlying epidemiological mechanisms that produce the broader phylogenetic patterns. I discuss two examples in which theoretical models have given us new traction on these comparative questions. First, drawing on findings of a positive association between range use intensity and the richness of helminth parasites, we developed a spatially explicit agent‐based model to investigate the underlying drivers of this pattern. From this model, we are gaining deeper understanding of how range use intensity results in greater exposure to parasites, thus producing higher prevalence in the simulated populations—and, plausibly, higher parasite richness in comparative analyses. Second, I show how a model of disease spread on social networks provides solid theoretical foundations for understanding the effects of sociality and group size on parasitism across primate species. This study further revealed that larger social groups are more subdivided, which should slow the spread of infectious diseases. This effect could offset the increased disease risk expected in larger social groups, which has yet to receive strong empirical support in our comparative analyses. In addition to these examples, I discuss the need for more meta‐analyses of individual‐level phenomena documented in the field, and for greater linkage between theoretical modeling and field research. Am. J. Primatol. 74:497–509, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Synthesis of Ni–Ru Alloy Nanoparticles and Their High Catalytic Activity in Dehydrogenation of Ammonia Borane
Authors: Chen Guozhu , Desinan Stefano , Rosei Renzo , Rosei Federico , Ma Dongling
Published: April 2012

We report the synthesis and characterization of new NixRu1−x (x=0.56–0.74) alloy nanoparticles (NPs) and their catalytic activity for hydrogen release in the ammonia borane hydrolysis process. The alloy NPs were obtained by wet‐chemistry method using a rapid lithium triethylborohydride reduction of Ni2+ and Ru3+ precursors in oleylamine. The nature of each alloy sample was fully characterized by TEM, XRD, energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX), and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). We found that the as‐prepared Ni–Ru alloy NPs exhibited exceptional catalytic activity for the ammonia borane hydrolysis reaction for hydrogen release. All Ni–Ru alloy NPs, and in particular the Ni0.74Ru0.26 sample, outperform the activity of similar size monometallic Ni and Ru NPs, and even of Ni@Ru core‐shell NPs. The hydrolysis activation energy for the Ni0.74Ru0.26 alloy catalyst was measured to be approximately 37 kJ mol−1. This value is considerably lower than the values measured for monometallic Ni (≈70 kJ mol−1) and Ru NPs (≈49 kJ mol−1), and for Ni@Ru (≈44 kJ mol−1), and is also lower than the values of most noble‐metal‐containing bimetallic NPs reported in the literature. Thus, a remarkable improvement of catalytic activity of Ru in the dehydrogenation of ammonia borane was obtained by alloying Ru with a Ni, which is a relatively cheap metal.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Crystal Structure of the New Telluric Acid Adduct (RbCl)3·Te(OH)6.
Authors: Mahlmeister Dirk , Irran Elisabeth
Published: April 2012

The new title compound is synthesized by evaporation of aqueous solutions of RbCl and Te(OH)6 in the molar ratio of 3:1 at room temperature.
ChemInform Abstract: N‐Doped, Porous TiO2 with Rutile Phase and Visible Light Sensitive Photocatalytic Activity.
Authors: Shieh Dong‐Lin , Lin Yi‐Shiue , Yeh Jia‐Hau , Chen Sian‐Cong , Lin Bo‐Chiuan , Lin Jong‐Liang
Published: April 2012

Nitrogen‐doped, porous rutile is prepared by hydrothermal reaction of TiN in HNO3 (autoclave, 100 °C, 6 h) followed by annealing in air (200 °C, 2 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Three‐Dimensional Ordered Arrays of 58x58x58 Å3 Hollow Frameworks in Ionic Crystals of M2Zn2‐Substituted Polyoxometalates.
Authors: Suzuki Kosuke , Kikukawa Yuji , Uchida Sayaka , Tokoro Hiroko , Imoto Kenta , Ohkoshi Shin‐ichi , Mizuno Noritaka
Published: April 2012

M2Zn2‐substituted polyoxometalates with M: Co, Ni, and Zn are characterized by single crystal XRD, UV/VIS spectroscopy, and magnetic measurements.
ChemInform Abstract: Thermolabile Noble Metal Precursors: (NO)[Au(NO3)4], (NO)2[Pd(NO3)4], and (NO)2[Pt(NO3)6].
Authors: Wickleder Mathias S. , Gerlach Frauke , Gagelmann Steffen , Bruns Joern , Fenske Mandus , Al‐Shamery Katharina
Published: April 2012

The title compounds are suitable thermolabile precursors for the respective noble metals with the advantage that they do not lead to carbon contamination of the deposited metals.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Hydrogenation with Frustrated Lewis Pairs: Selectivity Achieved by Size‐Exclusion Design of Lewis Acids.
Authors: Eros Gabor , Nagy Krisztina , Mehdi Hasan , Papai Imre , Nagy Peter , Kiraly Peter , Tarkanyi Gabor , Soos Tibor
Published: April 2012

The metal‐free catalytic hydrogenation of unsaturated imines, ketones, and quinolines that utilizes frustrated Lewis pair catalysts is investigated.
ChemInform Abstract: Simple Synthesis of 1,1‐Bis(trifluoromethyl)cyclopropanes.
Authors: Petrov Viacheslav A. , Marshall Will
Published: April 2012

An unprecedented and simple method for the synthesis of the trifluoromethylated cyclopropanes (II) is based on the reaction of readily available 2,2‐bis(trifluoromethyl)thietanes (I) with tertiary phosphines in a polar solvent.
ChemInform Abstract: Intermolecular [3 + 2] Cycloaddition of Cyclopropylamines with Olefins by Visible‐Light Photocatalysis.
Authors: Maity Soumitra , Zhu Mingzhao , Shinabery Ryan Spencer , Zheng Nan
Published: April 2012

The reaction proceeds with excellent regiocontrol with respect to the alkene.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Trifluorostyrene Derivatives by Palladium‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling of Lithium Trimethoxy(trifluorovinyl)borate with Aryl Bromides.
Authors: Duric Sasa , Schmidt Bernd M. , Ninnemann Nina M. , Lentz Dieter , Tzschucke C. Christoph
Published: April 2012

The convenient method employs stable, easily handled starting materials and avoids the use of toxic, dangerous, and unstable reagents.
ChemInform Abstract: The Investigation of Fluorination Reaction of p‐Substituted Benzenesulfonimides with Fluorine—Nitrogen Mixed Gas to Synthesize NFSI Analogues.
Authors: Chen Guanlong , Chen Fuli , Zhang Yan , Yang Xueyan , Yuan Xiaoming , Wu Fanhong , Yang Xianjin
Published: April 2012

The fluorination of p‐substituted benzenesulfonimides of type (I) with fluorine—nitrogen mixed gas is sensitive to many factors such as source of the substrate, reaction temperature, reaction scale, reaction time, pH value etc.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Synthesis of β‐Acetamido Ketones Catalyzed by Cobalt Sulfate Heptahydrate under Ultrasound Irradiation.
Authors: Chen Bao‐Hua , Li Ji‐Tai , Chen Guo‐Feng , Song Ya‐Li
Published: April 2012

The synthesis of β‐acetamido ketones of type (IV) gives considerably higher yields under ultrasound irradiation compared to conventional heating under reflux.
ChemInform Abstract: Photochemical Studies on 5‐Methylbicyclo[1.1.1]pentane Derivatives: P‐Orbital Overlap Controlled Enantioselectivity.
Authors: Ma Manling , Yang Chao , Li Bing , Shao Yutian , Zhao Guolei , Xia Wujion
Published: April 2012

The derivative (I) shows the best enantioselectivity in the presented Norrish/Yang photocyclization reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Sonogashira Coupling Reactions of Bromomaleimides: Route to Alkyne/cis‐Alkene/Alkyl Maleimides: Synthesis of Luffarin X and Cacospongionolide C.
Authors: Deore Prashant S. , Argade Narshinha P.
Published: April 2012

Pd‐catalyzed treatment of bromomaleimides with terminal alkynes provides a new and general approach to alkynylmaleimides like (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Aqueous and Solvent‐Free Uncatalyzed Three‐Component Vinylogous Mukaiyama—Mannich Reactions of Pyrrole‐Based Silyl Dienolates.
Authors: Sartori Andrea , Dell'Amico Luca , Curti Claudio , Battistini Lucia , Pelosi Giorgio , Rassu Gloria , Casiraghi Giovanni , Zanardi Franco
Published: April 2012

A catalyst and additive‐free environmentally benign Mukaiyama—Mannich reaction of silyl dienolate (I) with a wide variety of aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes and o‐methoxyaniline (III) is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemoselective Intramolecular Alkylation of the Blaise Reaction Intermediates: Tandem One‐Pot Synthesis of exo‐Cyclic Enaminoesters and Their Applications Toward the Synthesis of N‐Heterocyclic Compounds.
Authors: Kim Ju Hyun , Shin Hyunik , Lee Sang‐gi
Published: April 2012

Coupling of nitriles (I) and (VII) with Reformatsky reagents, generated from bromides (II) and (V), followed by treatment with NaN(Tms)2 allows an efficient access to exo‐cyclic enaminoesters.
ChemInform Abstract: A Chiral Phenoxyamine Magnesium Catalyst for the Enantioselective Hydroamination/Cyclization of Aminoalkenes and Intermolecular Hydroamination of Vinyl Arenes.
Authors: Zhang Xiaoming , Emge Thomas J. , Hultzsch Kai C.
Published: April 2012

The new chiral magnesium complex (I) catalyzes intramolecular hydroamination/cyclization reactions of several aminoalkenes (II) giving the corresponding pyrrole derivatives (III) with high enantioselectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: An Annulative Electrophilic Amination Approach to 3‐Aminobenzoheteroles.
Authors: Matsuda Naoki , Hirano Koji , Satoh Tetsuya , Miura Masahiro
Published: April 2012

A mild and convenient method to prepare biologically important 3‐aminobenzofurans and 3‐aminoindoles is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium on Carbon: An Efficient, Heterogeneous and Reusable Catalytic System for Carbonylative Synthesis of N‐Substituted Phthalimides.
Authors: Khedkar Mayur V. , Khan Shoeb R. , Sawant Dinesh N. , Bagal Dattatraya B. , Bhanage Bhalchandra M.
Published: April 2012

Double carbonylation of o‐diiodobenzene (I) in the presence of aromatic and aliphatic amines proceeds readily in the presence of Pd—C catalyst to afford phthalimides (IV) and (VI) in high to excellent yields.
ChemInform Abstract: A Highly Efficient Friedel—Crafts Reaction of 3‐Hydroxyoxindoles and Aromatic Compounds to 3,3‐Diaryl and 3‐Alkyl‐3‐aryloxindoles Catalyzed by Hg(ClO4)2·3H2O.
Authors: Zhou Feng , Cao Zhong‐Yan , Zhang Jing , Yang Hai‐Bo , Zhou Jian
Published: April 2012

The use of easily available starting materials as well as a broad substrate scope make the process useful.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Method for the Synthesis of 4‐Formyl‐1,3‐dimethylpyrazole
Authors: Ivonin S. P.
Published: April 2012

via reaction of acetone methylhydrazone (I) with Vilsmeier reagent
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Biological Activity of Novel 4‐ and 6‐(1‐Alkyl/Aryl‐1H‐benzimidazol‐2‐yl)benzene‐1,3‐diols.
Authors: Karpinska Monika M. , Matysiak Joanna , Niewiadomy Andrzej , Wietrzyk Joanna , Klopotowska Dagmara
Published: April 2012

Derivatives (IIIa)‐(IIId) show comparable antiproliferative potency to that of cisplatin.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient Method for the Transformation of 5‐Ylidenerhodanines into 2,3,5‐Trisubstituted‐4‐thiazolidinones.
Authors: Kaminskyy Danylo , Khyluk Dmytro , Vasylenko Olexandr , Lesyk Roman
Published: April 2012

Three‐component reaction of mercaptoacrylic acids (I), prepared by hydrolysis of 5‐ylidenerhodanines, with arylamines and carbonyl compounds gives thiazolidinones (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Characterization, and Antifungal Activity of Biaryl‐Based Bis(1,2,3‐triazoles) Using Click Chemistry.
Authors: Gaur Manoj , Goel Mayurika , Sridhar L. , Ashok Tara Devi S. , Prabhakar S. , Dureja P. , Raghunathan P. , Eswaran S. V.
Published: April 2012

Compounds (III), (V), and (VII) exhibit moderate to good antifungal activity.
ChemInform Abstract: Microwave‐Assisted Synthesis and Antibacterial Properties of Some New 2‐Alkyl/Aryl‐(6‐substitutedcoumarin‐3‐yl)imidazo[2,1‐b] [1,3,4]thiadiazoles.
Authors: Jakhar Anshu , Makrandi J. K.
Published: April 2012

All new compounds are screened for their antibacterial potency.
ChemInform Abstract: Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Hydrogenation of Aryl‐Pyridyl Ketones.
Authors: Tao Xiaoming , Li Wanfang , Ma Xin , Li Xiaoming , Fan Weizheng , Xie Xiaomin , Ayad Tahar , Ratovelomanana‐Vidal Virginie , Zhang Zhaoguo
Published: April 2012

The Ru complex (I) is most efficient in the case of ortho‐substituted substrates.
ChemInform Abstract: 4,6‐Dimethylpyridine‐2,3‐dicarbonitrile and Its Reaction with N‐Acylhydrazines.
Authors: Rudenko I. V. , Kucherak A. A. , Tolmachev A. A. , Hordiyenko O. V.
Published: April 2012

An efficient method for the synthesis of dicarbonitrile (IV) and its conversion into pyrrolopyridinylidene carbohydrazides such as (VI) are described.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel Piperidin‐4‐ol Derivatives.
Authors: Weng Zhiyong , Wei Wei , Dong Xiaowu , Hu Yongzhou , Huang Shufang , Liu Tao , Xie Xin
Published: April 2012

The most potent compound in terms of CCR5 antagonistic activity is derivative (IIId).
ChemInform Abstract: Regioselective Synthesis of 2‐Substituted 3‐Diarylmethylenylpiperidines.
Authors: Chang Meng‐Yang , Lin Chung‐Han , Lee Tein‐Wei
Published: April 2012

NBS‐mediated regioselective bromomethoxylation of the tetrasubstituted olefins (I) followed by dehydrobromination and BF3‐promoted cross‐coupling with organosilyl reagents (II) and (IV) constitutes a method for the selective α‐functionalization of N‐protected piperidines.
ChemInform Abstract: C1‐Substituted N‐Alkyl Tetrahydroisoquinoline Derivatives Through V‐Catalyzed Oxidative Coupling.
Authors: Jones Kevin M. , Karier Pol , Klussmann Martin
Published: April 2012

A variety of nucleophiles such as nitroalkanes, ketones, heteroaromatics, and alkynes can be used in the method.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Substituted Phenazines via Palladium‐Catalyzed Aryl Ligation.
Authors: Winkler Jeffrey D. , Twenter Barry M. , Gendrineau Thomas
Published: April 2012

Phenazines (III) are synthesized by double Buchwald—Hartwig amination of bromoanilines (II), followed by in situ oxidation.
ChemInform Abstract: An Asymmetric Ugi Three‐Component Reaction Induced by Chiral Cyclic Imines: Synthesis of Morpholine— or Piperazine—Ketocarboxamide Derivatives.
Authors: Zhu Deguang , Xia Liang , Pan Li , Li Sheng , Chen Ruijiao , Mou Yongren , Chen Xiaochuan
Published: April 2012

Treatment of chiral cyclic imines like (I) and (VII) with acids and isocyanides allows an efficient and stereoselective access to novel morpholines.
ChemInform Abstract: Three‐Component Reaction Between Vinyl Ethers, Secondary Phosphines, and Elemental Selenium: One‐Pot Synthesis of 1‐(Alkoxy)ethyl and 1‐(Aryloxy)ethyl Phosphinodiselenoates.
Authors: Gusarova Nina K. , Artem'ev Alexander V. , Oparina Ludmila A. , Kolyvanov Nikita A. , Malysheva Svetlana F. , Vysotskaya Oksana V. , Trofimov Boris A.
Published: April 2012

A general, straightforward, and atom‐economic method for the synthesis of the air‐ and moisture‐stable compounds (III) and (V) is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Lignan Derivatives from the Leaves Nicotiana tabacum and their Activities.
Authors: Gao Xuemei , Li Xuesen , Yang Xinzhou , Mu Huaixue , Chen Yongkuan , Yang Guangyu , Hu Qiufen
Published: April 2012

Compound (I) exhibits high anti‐tobacco mosaic virus and moderate anti‐HIV activities.
ChemInform Abstract: Colloid Chemistry of Nanocatalysts: A Molecular View
Authors: An Kwangjin , Alayoglu Selim , Ewers Trevor , Somorjai Gabor A.
Published: April 2012

Review: 91 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: An XAS Study of Zinc Speciation in Aqueous Acetate Solutions at 25‐200°C
Authors: Borg Stacey J. , Liu Weihua
Published: April 2012

Review: 22 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: N‐Tosylhydrazones: Versatile Reagents for Metal‐Catalyzed and Metal‐Free Cross‐Coupling Reactions
Authors: Shao Zhihui , Zhang Hongbin
Published: April 2012

Review: 67 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Applications of Thiol—Ene Coupling as a Click Process for Glycoconjugation
Authors: Dondoni Alessandro , Marra Alberto
Published: April 2012

Review: 56 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Pillar[5]arenes: Fascinating Cyclophanes with a Bright Future
Authors: Cragg Peter J. , Sharma Kushal
Published: April 2012

Review: 46 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Advances in Transition Metal‐Catalyzed sp3 C—H Amination Adjacent to Double Bonds and Carbonyl Groups
Authors: Ramirez Thomas A. , Zhao Baoguo , Shi Yian
Published: April 2012

Review: 89 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Green Chemistry Oriented Organic Synthesis in Water
Authors: Simon Marc‐Olivier , Li Chao‐Jun
Published: April 2012

Review: 72 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Exploring Multiple Potential Energy Surfaces: Photochemistry of Small Carbonyl Compounds
Authors: Maeda Satoshi , Ohno Koichi , Morokuma Keiji
Published: April 2012

Review: 158 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Potential Implications of Amending Agricultural Soils with Biosolids
Authors: Walters Evelyn , Halden Rolf U.
Published: April 2012

Review: 60 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Indirect Uptake of Atmospheric CO2 by the Ocean
Authors: Savenko V. S.
Published: April 2012

Review: 11 refs.
Evidence‐Based Medicine Should Be Practiced for Primary Prevention and Secondary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Aronow Wilbert S.
Published: April 2012

The author has no funding, financial relationships, or conflicts of interest to disclose.
Electromagnetic Interference and Implanted Cardiac Devices: The Medical Environment (Part II)
Authors: Misiri Juna , Kusumoto Fred , Goldschlager Nora
Published: April 2012

Electromagnetic interference produced by medical equipment can interact with implanted cardiac devices such as pacemakers and implantable cardioverter‐defibrillators. The most commonly observed interaction is in the operating room with electrosurgery. The risk of interactions can often be mitigated by close communication between the cardiac‐device specialist and the anesthesiology/surgical team to develop a patient‐specific strategy that accounts for factors such as type of device, type of surgery, and whether the patient is pacemaker dependent. Although magnetic resonance imaging should generally not be used in patients with implanted cardiac devices, several published guidelines provide strategies and recommendations for managing risks if magnetic resonance imaging is required with no suitable diagnostic alternatives. Other common sources of electromagnetic interference in the medical environment are ionizing radiation and left ventricular assist devices. Clin. Cardiol. 2012 DOI: 10.1002/clc.21997

The authors have no funding, financial relationships, or conflicts of interest to disclose.
O‐Linked Triazolotriazines: Potent and Selective c‐Met Inhibitors
Authors: Chen Fang , Wang Ying , Ai Jing , Zhan Zhengsheng , Lv Yongcong , Liang Zhongjie , Luo Cheng , Mei Desheng , Geng Meiyu , Duan Wenhu
Published: April 2012

The HGF/c‐Met signaling pathway mediates a variety of important biological activities, but dysregulation of the pathway is also closely associated with poor prognosis in a wide range of human cancers. c‐Met is considered to be among the most promising therapeutic targets for anticancer drug discovery. Herein we report the discovery of a series of O‐linked triazolotriazines that show sub‐nanomolar inhibition of c‐Met activity. Among these new compounds, 6 a exhibits high c‐Met inhibitory potency in both enzymatic and cellular assays with great selectivity.