bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Design and creative activity of students in the process of distance learning in primary classes
Authors: Djaubaeva Aminat
Published: January 2021

The article is devoted to the characteristics of design and creative activity of students in the process of distance learning in primary classes. The article clarifies the concept and essence of project-creative activity of students, reveals its main stages, content, difference from project research activities of adults, features of project implementation by younger students, features of project implementation in the context of distance learning. It is established that the design and creative activity of primary school students in the course of distance learning is an activity with the use of distance educational technologies, aimed at solving educational and (or) scientific problems, creative tasks and tasks, the implementation of which is carried out on the basis of active problem-finding actions, creative self-realization of students and presented as the final result (project).
Limit state of hull grillages made of polymeric composites
Authors:   Krylov State Research Centre, St. Petersburg, Russia, Eranosyan K. , Fedonyuk N. ,   Krylov State Research Centre, St. Petersburg, Russia
Published: January 2021

This paper presents the results of limit-state research for polymeric-composite grillages of hull under bending. Taking geometric non-linearity into account, it was possible to estimate supercritical straining of structural members and global buckling effect of certain beams upon overall hull stiffness. Numerical studies have shown that with given thicknesses and dimensions of principal members strength margin in terms of design bending moment is not less than 5, which means that these structural members could be further optimized towards lower material consumption.
Ship safety assessment prospects at early design stages
Authors:   St. Petersburg State Marine Technical University, Russia, Gaykovich A. , Nikitin N. ,   St. Petersburg State Marine Technical University, Russia, Vin Htwe Vai Yan ,   St. Petersburg State Marine Technical University, Russia
Published: January 2021

This paper presents safety assessments incorporated to the mathematical design model of a container ship, implemented and investigated in procedural documents. From the theoretical standpoint, these results enrich ship design theory. From the practical standpoint, they could become an additional justification in the selection of optimal ship design with respect to RS Register Rules, so that the customer could estimate the safety of his novel ship already at early design stages.
Concept of a small passenger catamaran with electric propulsion
Authors:   Krylov State Research Centre, St. Petersburg, Russia, Kryzhevich G. , Pravdin A. ,   Krylov State Research Centre, St. Petersburg, Russia
Published: January 2021

Based on the analysis of calculation results and experimental data, this paper suggests principal technical solutions ensuring high comfort and cost efficiency of catamaran. These findings could be further used for optimal design of comfortable and efficient passenger catamaran.
Development of logical-mathematical model intended to determine the main elements of semisubmersible carrier vessel
Authors:   St. Petersburg State Marine Technical University, Russia, Sandrevskaya K. , Ovchinnikov K. ,   St. Petersburg State Marine Technical University, Russia
Published: January 2021

This paper describes logical-mathematical model for determination of the main elements of a semisubmersible carrier. The model has been validated. An example of applying this model is illustrated by a case study. It has been found that this model is adequate and suitable for design practice and further development of design operation model.
60MW floating power plant running on LNG: main technical solution
Authors:   Krylov State Research Centre, St. Petersburg, Russia, Agafonov A. , Berezhnoy K. ,   Krylov State Research Centre, St. Petersburg, Russia, Verbitsky S. ,   Krylov State Research Centre, St. Petersburg, Russia, Iskhakov A. ,   Krylov State Research Centre, St. Petersburg, Russia, Koval M. ,   Krylov State Research Centre, St. Petersburg, Russia, Pyatkin V. ,   Krylov State Research Centre, St. Petersburg, Russia
Published: January 2021

KSRC and Central Design Bureau Iceberg developed the main technical solution for a 60MW floating power plant in form of two independent stationary vessels: power plant itself and fuel repository. This paper analyses weather conditions in the intended operation areas of this floating power plant, with identification of their adverse factors. It presents calculation results for mooring systems and hull of this power plant, as well as justifies its main systems and machinery. The paper also analyses current capabilities of Russian shipyards in construction of floating power plants.
Experience of US river shipping in development of efficient operation models for Russian river fleet
Authors:   Marine Engineering Bureau MEB-SPB, St. Petersburg, Russia, Egorov G.
Published: January 2021

This paper discusses US experience as a bright example of pragmatic approach to logistics, organization of shipping, tariffs and technical solutions for ships, ship trains, port infrastructure and waterway maintenance in order to find possible technical solutions for design of future Russian systems of inland shipping.
Russian ferry lines in the Baltic: analysis and prospects
Authors:   Marine Engineering Bureau MEB-SPB, St. Petersburg, Russia, Egorov A. , Chernikov D. ,   Marine Engineering Bureau MEB-SPB, St. Petersburg, Russia
Published: January 2021

This study is an attempt to lay the basis for design and development of innovative ferries and cargo-passenger ships for the Baltic. Based on the analysis of cargo and passenger turnover, navigation conditions and existing fleet, this paper suggests a modern ferry design CNF19M.
Cargo-passenger and passenger ferry lines of the Black Sea: analysis and prospects
Authors:   Marine Engineering Bureau – SPB, St. Petersburg, Russia, Egorov A. , Ilnitsky I. ,   Marine Engineering Bureau – SPB, St. Petersburg, Russia
Published: January 2021

Based on the analysis of cargo and passenger turnover, navigation conditions and existing fleet, this paper suggests modern designs of ferries CNF08P, CNF16A, CNF16B for the Black Sea.
International railroad and automobile ferry lines of the Caspian: analysis and prospects
Authors:   Marine Engineering Bureau – SPB, St. Petersburg, Russia, Yegorov G. , Anisimov K. ,   Federal Agency of Marine and River Transport, Moscow, Russia
Published: January 2021

Based on the analysis of cargo and passenger turnover, navigation conditions and existing fleet, this paper suggests modern designs of ferries CNF18A, CNF18B, CNF18C for the Caspian.
Ferry and cargo-passenger traffic in the Russian Far East: analysis and prospects
Authors:   Marine Engineering Bureau – SPB, St. Petersburg, Russia, Ilnitsky I. , Tonyuk V. ,   Marine Engineering Bureau – SPB, St. Petersburg, Russia
Published: January 2021

Based on the analysis of cargo and passenger turnover, navigation conditions and existing fleet, this paper suggests modern designs of ferries and cargo-passenger ships PV22, PV24, CNF11CPD for the Russian Far East, currently under construction at various Russian yards.
Optimization design of elastomeric locks
Authors:   St. Petersburg State Marine Technical University, Russia, Volodin V.
Published: January 2021

This paper discusses the development of small boats made of polymeric composites in combination with metal skeleton based on detachable elastic connections. Lock material was polyethylene with hyperelastic properties of an elastomer. Static calculation is performed as per the finite-element method in plane formulation taking into account contact, geometric and physical non-linearity, as well as implementing a step-wise procedure. Design calculation is performed as per the research method approximating the sub-task (quadratic programming). The paper presents calculations for the process of inserting/extracting a rigid bar with round free flange to/from the lock, with determination of maximum responses, strains and stresses of the insert. Variation of geometric parameters yielded a design variant with minimum load on the insert and the same strength properties as the initial design. The study also yielded the analytical design methodology for elastic detachable connections that combines the solutions to non-linear contact problem and the optimization problem.
Compliance with strength criteria for a model polymeric-composite grillage taking into account nonlinearity of the filler in different loading scenarios
Authors:   St. Petersburg State Marine Technical University, Russia, Sosnin N.
Published: January 2021

This study compares different strength criteria in static loading simulation of a polymeric-composite grillage for different loading scenarios, boundary conditions and models of physical material behaviour. The paper discusses a detailed, structurally similar model of grillage made up by three-layered parts taking into account contact interaction (not the joint one) at the boundaries of bearing layers and the filler, with consideration of physically linear and nonlinear model of filler behaviour. The study applies volume-shell FE idealization. The loading (distributed and local)is simulated as per a step-wise procedure until the selected failure criteria are met, i.e. until limit loads (according to various hypotheses) are achieved. The paper gives examples of limit load calculations and their respective states of grillage for different variants of bearing circuit fastening and different loading types. The study yielded the fields of stress-strain parameters and the four principal complex failure criteria. The study discusses the effect of overall grillage compliance, as well as the effect of local (i.e. not affecting the compliant areas of the flooring) and distributed loading upon the limit state pattern of the structure and the level of its bearing capacity. It also estimates the effect of soft non-linearity of the filler upon limit stress-strain state pattern and limit load level, as well as upon the localization of «triggering» zones for non-dimensional criteria.
Consideration of keel bending in global and local strength calculation of ship in dry dock
Authors:   St. Petersburg State Marine Technical University, Russia, Dushevsky D. , Manukhin V. ,   St. Petersburg State Marine Technical University, Russia
Published: January 2021

This paper presents an approximate method for taking into account finite stiffness of bottom grillages in strength calculations of ship installed on one keel track in the dry dock. It compares the approximate method and FEM results for the docking of a 600 t barge platform. The results have shown good correlation. It has been demonstrated that local stresses in the keel near transverse bulkheads might become quite significant.
Calculation algorithm and software for pipeline vibrations with consideration of internal flow
Authors:   St. Petersburg State Marine Technical University, Russia, Melkonyan A. , Chuklin M. ,   St. Petersburg State Marine Technical University, Russia
Published: January 2021

This paper discusses the development of calculation complex (model, algorithm and software) needed to investigate vibration parameters (amplitudes of displacements, internal forces and support responses) of a constant cross-section pipeline with a perfect incompressible fluid flowing inside it. This paper presents a pipeline model as quasi-monomeric finite-element system. Presently, the study discusses vibration of a straight constant cross-section pipeline resting on two elastic supports. Calculation algorithm is based on the discrete variant of partial-response method. The effect of fluid flow is taken into account as an additional inertial load incorporated, in its turn, by means of corrections and modifications of inertia & stiffness parameters of pipeline model. The study gives calculation expressions for partial responses and partial parameters, needed to implement the algorithm suggested by the authors. The problem formulated in this paper was solved as per specially developed mathematical model taking into account the forces due to the flow in the pipe. The paper also suggests calculation algorithm for vibration parameters of the adopted model. These vibration parameters were obtained in specially developed Koriolis software. The study also investigated the effect of additional inertial load components upon vibration parameters and natural frequencies of the structure at question. All these activities made it possible to accomplish the task of the whole study, i.e. to develop the calculation complex for determination of pipeline vibration parameters.
Multihull underwater vessel: design challenges
Authors:   St. Petersburg State Marine Technical University, Russia, Frumen А. , Mednikov C. ,   St. Petersburg State Marine Technical University, Russia
Published: January 2021

This paper discusses practicability of a large-diameter hull for an underwater vehicle as a totality of cylindrical shells with parallel axes forming a “global” cylinder (polyhull). Structural design is justified by analytical and numerical (FE) calculations of strength, structural stability and compression, with corresponding conclusions and recommendations.
Strength of structural ice protection for steering and propulsion units
Authors:   Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia, Sharinkova O. , Anosov A. ,   Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
Published: January 2021

Steering and propulsion are one of the most vulnerable elements of ice-going ships. This paper discusses structural ice protection for steering and propulsion units suggested and patented by the authors. This system protects rudder blade from the stern over its whole height. The paper gives the results of strength study for this structure depending on relative size of its elements, their stiffness ratios, as well as on application point and direction of ice load.
Stressed state of webbed framing joints with diagonal element
Authors:   Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia, Klimov S.
Published: January 2021

In most of cases, webbed beams of ship grillages intersect at the right angle. The intersections at arbitrary angle lead to structural and technological challenges, whereas the welds too close to each other bring about high stress concentrations and high welding stresses. Beam intersections at sharp angles are hard to weld. This paper discusses the beam joint with diagonal element suggested and patented by the authors, as well as the results of stressed-state study for this joint.
Assessment of floe edge shape and movement speed effect upon contact pressure of ice-hull hit
Authors:   Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia, Novikov V. , Kovrov A. ,   Far Eastern Shipyard Zvezda, Bolshoy Kamen, Russia, Molokov K. ,   Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
Published: January 2021

This paper investigates the effect of ice floe edge shape and movement speed upon contact pressure, ice crushing depth and time of ice hit against the hull of ice-going ship. The study compares calculation results for contact pressure intensity at growing speeds with the ice loads given in regulatory documents.
Selection of optimal keel block for docking ships with large bow and stern overhangs
Authors:   Far Eastern Federal University, Polytechnical Institute (school), Vladivostok, Russia, Antonenko S.
Published: January 2021

This paper discusses various design options for a keel block needed for accommodating Frunze (now Admiral Lazarev) nuclear cruiser in a floating dock taking into account structural strength restrictions for both cruiser hull and the keel block, as well as limited depth of docking basin.
Fatigue life of propulsion shafts: direct calculation as per modern methods
Authors:   Krylov State Research Centre, St. Petersburg, Russia, Platonov V. , Filatov A. ,   Krylov State Research Centre, St. Petersburg, Russia
Published: January 2021

This study is an alternative FEM-based fatigue strength calculation for propulsion shafts as per RS Rules. Direct numerical simulation yielded the fields of stresses and strains. Lifetime assessment was based on S-N fatigue model: critical stresses for this model were obtained as per critical-plane method taking into account non-proportional loading of propulsion shafts. It compares two shaft designs: in compliance with RS Rules and with deviation from them.
Ways to reduce metal consumption and welding scope for marine reactor containment
Authors:   Krylov State Research Centre, St. Petersburg, Russia, Sochinsky S.
Published: January 2021

This paper discusses containment designs of nuclear icebreakers and floating power plants. The purpose of this work is to reduce metal consumption and scope of welding through development of a containment design with stressed state almost free of moments. This study justifies the possibility of lower metal consumption and welding scope through shifting from containment designs based on stiffened plates to the containments made up by cylindrical panels: optimal curvature of their surfaces will be obtained as per the theory of thin shells and will depend on the ratio between containment geometry parameters. This shift from flat-plated containments to thinner and stiffener-free cylindrical ones paves way to lower metal consumption and significantly smaller amount of welding, or to application of cheaper steel grades if current thicknesses of rolled steels are preserved.
Research study methods for justification of ice belt structures for foreign ice-navigation ships going under RS classification rules
Authors:   JSC Central R&D Institute of Maritime Fleet (CNIIMF), St. Petersburg, Russia, Shilkina M.
Published: January 2021

This paper discusses a multifunctional vessel (displacement 10406 t) with ice class IA Super assigned upon construction. This ice class is a part of classification for Baltic ice-going ships. The purpose of this study is to justify the variant of upgrading the ice belt of this vessel by strengthening its current framing by means of additional welded elements. The paper analyses main characteristics and particulars of this ship, as well as its hull shape parameters. Possible structural upgrades are justified through solution of an optimization search problem by means of mathematical programming and finiteelement method.
Principles and optimal design methods for large ship grillages
Authors:   Krylov State Research Centre, St. Petersburg, Russia, Kryzhevich G. , Norkov E. ,   Krylov State Research Centre, St. Petersburg, Russia, Filatov A. ,   Krylov State Research Centre, St. Petersburg, Russia
Published: January 2021

Based on the previously developed approach to structural ship design, the authors optimize a large-span deck grillage taking into account several design loading scenarios. Topological optimization made it possible to find an optimal structural layout of the grillage, and parametric optimization yielded the scantlings of beams and simultaneously reduced grillage weight. Additional gain in structural weight was achieved by means of the openings in beam webs.
Upgrade of FEM-based software for analysis of FESTA-2020 rod system to be applied in CAD system ALMAZ-K for structural ship design
Authors:   CKTI-Vibroseism Ltd., St. Petersburg Russia, Kultsep A. , Manukhin V. ,   St. Petersburg State Marine Technical University, Russia, Plotnikov K. ,   St. Petersburg State Marine Technical University, Russia, Ryumin S. ,   St. Petersburg State Marine Technical University, Russia, Tryaskin V. ,   St. Petersburg State Marine Technical University, Russia
Published: January 2021

This paper describes the efforts of St. Petersburg State Marine Technical University in development of Almaz-K CAD system for structural ship design and in the upgrade of FESTA-2020 FEM-based package for rod element analysis to be applied in Almaz-K.
THE PRESENCE OF NEWER EU MEMBER STATES IN THE EUROPEAN EXTERNAL ACTION SERVICE’S STAFF: THE CASE OF SLOVAKIA
Authors:   Matej Bel University, PAJTINKA Erik
Published: January 2021

The article evaluates the representation of Slovakia within the selected categories of the European External Action Service (EEAS) staff in 2012-2019 and drafts possible factors influencing the representation of Slovakia in this EU institution. The evaluation is based on the analysis of statistical data available in EEAS official documents, as well as empirical data obtained from interviews with EU diplomats working for the EEAS. It is concluded, Slovakia’s representation within the EEAS’s staff between 2012 and 2019 is was inadequate. This may be due to the Slovak Ministry of Foreign Affairs’ overall attitude toward the work of its diplomats in the EEAS, its career advancement system, and its institutional culture, and to the conditions under which applicants are selected to posts within the EEAS.
ROZWÓJ SYSTEMU CARSHARING JAKO PRZYKŁAD EKONOMII WSPÓŁDZIELENIA
Authors: Górniak Joanna
Published: January 2021

Nowadays sharing economy is strongly expanding in many areas of life. It plays a significant role in the city structure in the context of city logistics, tools like carsharing, bikesharing or scootersharing. The development of technology is conductive to the growth of this idea. The aim of the article is to present the carsharing system and its significance in the area of city logistics in the context of sharing economy on the example of Polish cities. An evaluation of this system has been carried out with regard to the positive and negative effects of development. In addition, a detailed description was made based on the carsharing system in Poland (in comparison with the solutions used across the world).
WPŁYW MIGRACJI NA LICZBĘ I STRUKTURĘ LUDNOŚCI WIELKICH MIAST
Authors: Kałuża-Kopias Dorota Maria , Palma Agnieszka
Published: January 2021

The commencement of the 21st century was marked by a greater intensity of depopulation processes in Poland. From the demographic perspective, a decline in the population number is an outcome of the interaction of two factors: a negative natural increase and a negative balance of migration that may work separately or in tandem. When the level of the natural increase falls, migration, especially its balance, gains importance as a factor influencing the population size. In the early 21st century, population flows played a significant role in the growth of the populations in Warsaw, Krakow, and Wroclaw, whereas Poznań and Łódź saw an accelerated population loss. The purpose of the study was to assess the direct impact of migra- tion on the growth of populations in big Polish cities, as well as its indirect impact revealing itself through increased birth rates from migrants. The analysis spans the years 2002-2017 and uses data from publica- tions of the Central Statistical Office (Demographic Yearbooks) and from the Demografia database (http:// demografia.stat.gov.pl/bazademografia/).
POTENCJAŁ WYBRANYCH POLSKICH MIAST DLA LOKALIZACJI ZAAWANSOWANYCH USŁUG BIZNESOWYCH
Authors: Mroczek Arkadiusz , Kwaśny Jakub , Ulbrych Marta
Published: January 2021

Big cities of Poland have been chosen as investment locations by many companies operating in business sector services. The relatively low cost of skilled labour seems to be their main advantage in this field. However, Polish destinations do not have the absolute labour cost advantage over many other locations, especially those in Asia. Therefore, attracting more demanding advanced business processes becomes a chal- lenge to Polish cities today. Thus, the aim of the paper is to assess the potential of these cities in attracting more advanced business processes, which include, among others, R&D. To attain this goal, synthetic measure based on Hellwig’s development pattern was created. The variables used are rooted in the findings from the review of the literature. The results show that the biggest academic city areas of Poland offer the greatest potential to attract advanced business services.
PENGUASAAN MATERI DAN KEMAMPUAN MENULIS PENYELESAIAN SOAL MATEMATIS GURU MATEMATIKA
Authors: Tan Heryanto , Sugiatno Sugiatno , Hartoyo Agung
Published: January 2021

This research aims to get a description about the mastery of the mathematics materials and the ability in writing the mathematical solution among mathematics teachers of senior high school in Pontianak and the relationship between them. This research is a descriptive research through document and result analysis of Uji Kompetensi Profesional Guru (UKPG) Senior High School in 2016. Materials mastery of mathematics teacher is measured by the final score and understanding of UKPGs selected questions, while the ability in writing mathematical solutions is measured by score of the writing and understanding the writing component in answering all of UKPGs essay questions. Result of this research shows that most teachers got the final score below 55.0. Most mathematics teachers got the score below 47.5 in writing up solution. The higher the mastery of materials, the higher the ability in writing the mathematical solutionKeywords : Mastery of mathematics materials, Ability in writing the mathematical solution
A prospective study on the comparison of general anesthesia and tea (thoracic epidural anesthesia) for perioperative outcomes in patients undergoing modified radical mastectomy
Authors: Goutham V V N  , Venkata Ganesh M  , Lavanya P V S  , Mrudula Vandana  , Ravikanth S
Published: January 2021

The 2nd most common tumor among women is breast cancer. Surgery is usually done by general anesthesia (GA). TEA is one of the anesthetic procedures that can be performed using local anesthetic epidural administration. TEA may boost pain relief without the potential for respiratory muscle weakness and sedation. An epidural catheter was inserted in T4 to T5 for the T-group, with a 10-15 ml injection of 0.75% ropivacaine. Intermittent supplements of 5-10 ml 0.75% ropivacaine maintained anesthesia. General anesthesia was caused by fentanyl of 1-2 μg/kg, accompanied by propofol (1.5-2 mg/kg), with sevoflurane. We evaluated intraoperative hemodynamics, post-operative patient parameters like nausea and vomiting, shivering, respiratory depression. Overall patient satisfaction is compared between two groups.  The demographic data was similar in both groups. Intraoperative hypotension observed in 33.3% of group T patients and 16.6% of group G patients. 20% of the group T patients showed intraoperative bradycardia, whereas 6.66% of group G patients showed intraoperative bradycardia. Incidence of vomiting & nausea is 26.6% in group G, whereas in group T it is 6.66%. The incidence of post-operative shivering is equal in both groups. Post-operative respiratory depression is not observed in both groups. 86.6% of the group T patients are satisfied overall, whereas it is 60% in group G.
STUDENTS’ NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION IN INSTAGRAM POST AT TENTH GRADE OF SMA NEGERI 1 CILEGON (2020)
Authors: Adriani Fia
Published: January 2021

The objective of this research is to investigate the use of nonverbal communication by students of SMA Negeri 1 Kota Cilegon in Instagram post. The researcher used qualitative method and case study as a research design. The research was conducted on 22nd April 2019. The participants of this research were the English teacher and the students of X IPS 1 at SMA Negeri 1 Cilegon. The students were asked to post their performance in Instagram. The researcher used observation to find out the types of nonverbal communication that mostly used by the students in their Instagram post.  Meanwhile, questionnaire and interview were used to describe the English teacher and students’ response on the use of nonverbal communication. The data analysis showed that the most occurred nonverbal communication was gesture. The English teacher and students also gave the positive response toward the use of nonverbal communication in the students’ performance.Keywords: Nonverbal communication, Instagram, Students’ Performance.
Bahasa Indonesia language program impact analysis in the Polytechnic University of the Philippines Manila: a basis for the bahasa Indonesia’s inclusion in the ab English language studies’ and ab literary and cultural studies’ curriculum
Authors: Quinones, Jr. Rolando P. , Mayrena Marissa L.
Published: January 2021

The present study aims to know the impact of the Bahasa Indonesia (BIPA) training on enabling the macro skills among the 144 respondents from the Polytechnic University of the Philippines in Sta. Mesa, Manila as well as the perceived benefits of including the language as one of the foreign language courses in the respondents’ curriculum. The researchers used the descriptive research design. The respondents were selected using purposive sampling and the data were gathered through a survey form with 9 questions.  Through the grand mean, it was found out that powerpoint presentations were impactful in enabling them to perform reading tasks. Writing paragraphs were impactful for their writing tasks while Listening to lecture and doing dialogues were impactful for enabling them to perform listening and speaking tasks.    Opportunity to work in other South East Asian Countries emerged as the mostly agreed benefit of including Bahasa Indonesia in the curriculum.
浅论全站仪联合GPS-RTK测绘山区地形图
Authors: 贾 娅峰
Published: January 2021

现代测绘技术可谓是日新月异，但是像中国甘肃这样的高原地区，很多数字测图项目依旧需要灵活运用各种测图手段。论文结合甘肃盘区县某林区数字地形图测绘项目阐述了全站仪测图、RTK测图的优缺点，将两种手段灵活、有效地结合形成优势互补，大大提高了工作效率，以供同行在进行相似山区地形时参考并共同探讨。
浅谈项目测量管理工作的重要性
Authors: 肖 国强
Published: January 2021

工程测量是工程建设的基础工作，贯穿工程施工全过程，是工程建设的有效保障，它的发展与测绘科学技术和工程建设发展密切相关。作者结合自身经历围绕项目测量工作管理阐述其对工程建设顺利开展的重要性。
无人机三维倾斜摄影技术在矿山监测中的应用
Authors: 林 琛
Published: January 2021

无人机三维倾斜摄影技术是新时代发展所需的新型技术，其不仅成功解决了传统测量技术的缺点，同时还提高了分辨率、准确度和成像效果。因此，论文以无人机三维倾斜摄影技术为主要对象，针对其在矿山工程中的监测应用进行分析，进而提高该技术的市场价值，突出该技术的应用特点，推动该技术在矿山工程的环境保护和现场监管等方面的发展。
新时期地质测绘技术和发展的几点思考
Authors: 苏 明浩
Published: January 2021

论文首先对新时期的地质测绘技术进行了阐述，然后从其应用、发展等方面进行了探讨，最后提出了几点促进地质测绘技术发展的建议，希望为相关的工作人员以及中国地质测绘技术的发展提供有效参考。
基于测绘项目设计与组织的研究
Authors: 贺 辉
Published: January 2021

测绘项目技术设计的目的是制订切实可行的技术方案，保证测绘项目成果（或产品）符合技术标准和满足顾客要求，并获得最佳的社会效益和经济效益。因此，每个测绘项目作业前都应进行技术设计。测绘项目技术设计文件是为测绘成果（或产品）固有特性和生产过程或体系提供规范性依据的文件，主要包括项目设计书、专业技术设计书以及相应的技术设计更改文件。其中，技术设计更改文件是设计更改过程中由设计人员提出，并经过评审、验证（必要时）和审批的技术设计文件。技术设计更改文件既可以是对原设计文件技术性的更改，也可以是对原设计文件技术性的补充。
Pesquisa em Educação: aspectos históricos e teórico-metodológicos
Authors: Xavier Antônio Roberto , Muniz Karla Renata de Aguiar , Santana José Rogério , Vasconcelos José Gerardo , Reginaldo Sídney Guerra
Published: January 2021

A finalidade principal deste artigo é orientar e reorientar epistemológica e metodologicamente as pesquisas histórico-historiográficas no campo da Educação. Desse modo, demonstram-se com este debate, embora não de forma estanque, os principais elementos estruturantes e estruturadores que pesquisadores/as devem incluir sistematicamente por ocasião da construção de uma pesquisa científica em Educação. Discute-se acerca dos principais paradigmas que envolvem os diferentes campos científicos com seus respectivos métodos, técnicas e epistemologias de pesquisa. Deixa-se registrada a discussão, mesmo que de forma sucinta, atinente à querela entre as abordagens qualitativa e quantitativa nas pesquisas científicas. Considera-se, por último, que a composição de um trabalho científico obedece a critérios, normas técnicas e acadêmico-científicas no âmbito das várias e diferentes áreas do conhecimento.
CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY PRACTICES IN NIGERIA: AN EXPLORATION OF SELECTED PRIVATE SECTOR ORGANISATIONS
Authors:   Department of Mass Communication, Elizade University, Ilara Mokin, Ondo State, Nigeria, Adamolekun Wole , Ogedengbe Kunle ,   Department of Mass Communication, Trinity University, Sabo, Yaba, Lagos State, Nigeria
Published: January 2021

Agitation for societal development has been on for a long time in Nigeria. This has made many communities complain against organisations making profits in the poverty-ridden environments. It is for this reason that the communities call on the organisations to contribute to their development through corporate social responsibility (CSR) programmes. The study employed secondary methodology of desk research technique and found that organisations in the selected industries have contributed to the well-being of their communities. The study supports the position of the stakeholder theory that organisations should take care of all stakeholders and not only the shareholders. Going forward, it recommends that organizations in Nigerian industries should invest more in the area of corporate social investment as a form of CSR thereby ensuring that the people could achieve much needed development sustainably. Keywords: Corporate social responsibility, shareholder model, stakeholder model, stakeholder theory, sustainability.
APPLICATION OF MARKOV CHAINS IN HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT IN OSUN STATE PUBLIC SECTOR
Authors:   Department of Accounting, Osun State University, Okuku, Osun State, Nigeria, Adegbite Samson Adebolu
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate labour forecast and planning based on Markov chain model. The paper made use of improved Gray Markov model and collected data from information collected from a tertiary institution in Osun State, Nigeria. Markov chain was applied to predict the staff requirement between 2016 and 2019. The result revealed that Markov chain can be used to predict and forecast labour requirements which are very useful in labour planning. The study recommend the use of Markov chain model because it is able to forecast adequately the labour requirements and labour movement upward and downward the ladder of an organization. Keywords: Markov chain, planning, forecast, model, gambler’s ruin, human resource, management, strategic.
IN SEARCH FOR A HOLISTIC APPROACH TO THE REFORMATION OF POLICING AND SECURITY ARCHITECTURE IN NIGERIA
Authors:   Department of Criminology and Security Studies, Caleb University Imota, Lagos, Nigeria, Ezeji Chiji Longinus
Published: January 2021

The pervasive internal insecurity in Nigeria underscores the need to question the effectiveness of the current policing and security system. With increasing prevalence and incidence of insecurity in the country, the Nigeria Police has failed in its major assignment of internal security. Against this backdrop, this study focuses on the search for holistic approach to the reformation of Nigeria Police and Security Architecture in the country. In-depth interviews were conducted with forty-five (45) participants from the NPF. From the findings, major challenges affecting policing and the security architecture in the country include a lack of effective accountability and monitoring the mechanism in the police force, gross misconduct, and mismanagement of funds and resources in the police force. Critical recommendations to enhance the reformation process include improved accountability and monitoring mechanism in the police force, adoption of an effective policing model that addresses crime and insecurity and provision of modern equipment, research, science and technology to enable police and security agencies meet the crime and insecurity challenges. The situation calls for a fundamental reformation of the NPF targeted at vision actualization and achievement of its mission and goals of improved internal security. Key Words: Accountability, Monitoring, Policing System, Reformation, Nigeria, and Security Architecture.
BANDITRY IN NIGERIA’S NORTHWEST: A REFLECTIVE PERSPECTIVE
Authors:   Department of Criminology, Security, Peace and Conflict Studies Caleb University Imota, Lagos State, Nigeria., Adi Isaac , Onyebuchi Joel Udochukwu ,   Department of Criminology, Security, Peace and Conflict Studies Caleb University Imota, Lagos State, Nigeria.
Published: January 2021

The menace of crime around the globe has raised the question of what underscore security. It draws attention to how criminals and their activities can be nipped in the bud. The concurrence of banditry activities in Nigeria's northwest region remains a ready case for discussion, giving the escalation in the number of cases of cattle rustling, kidnapping and other dreadful incidences affecting the residents of the region. The qualitative methodology was employed in the conduct of the research. The researcher paid a keen attention to the different forms of crimes around the above location and how best to keep it under check. It was observed that the region is volatile with the presence of an array of criminal elements who have overtime posed a humongous threat to the region, and the sovereignty of the Nigerian state as a whole. It was however, opined that, for peace and tranquility to return to the Northwest region of Nigeria currently bedeviled by nefarious activities of bandits, stakeholders at all levels must own the troubles by consciously agreeing to stamp out all enemies of peace. Furthermore, the paper recommended that the government should apply judicial jurisprudence in the prosecution of suspects arrested according to extant laws. Keywords: Banditry, Crime, Nigeria’s northwest
Síndrome de comprensión radicular por hernias de disco intervertebral lumbar
Authors: Bonilla Augusto
Published: January 2021

Refiriéndose a las complicaciones, varios principios básicos deben ser guardados para reducir los riesgos de ellas; la exposición debe ser adecuada. Una inadecuada visión del campo operatorio a causa de falta de una apropiada iluminación o falta de exposición es responsable de muchas complicaciones. La visualización puede ser obscura y producida también por la hemorragia no controlada, particularmente de las venas extradulares del canal espinal. Injurias de las raíces nerviosas no están relajadas adecuadamente por la posición inconveniente del paciente en mesa de operaciones. Usamos siempre el arco de Benett., consecuentemente lo hacemos en decúbito ventral. 

Los pacientes que han padecido de cirugía discal, están sujetos al mismo riesgo anestésico que acompaña a cualquier procedimiento quirúrgico.

Sin embargo, el 95% de nuestros casos ha sido intervenido con anestesia peridural, que es la que prefieren nuestros anestesistas. Los riesgos anestésicos deberán ser evaluados particularmente en relación con oclusiones coronarias, recientes, infartos miocárdicos y arritmias, con o sin falla congestiva cardíaca.

La reeducación por la gimnasia está destinada a dar a la columna una estática y una musculatura normales, pero ella no debe ser comenzada muy temprana. Nosotros la prescribimos al final del segundo mes de la operación. Una gimnasia muy precoz a menudo hace reaparecer el dolor. Se debe esperar que la cicatrización muscular sea completa. Todos los esfuerzos de la visagra lumbosacra deben ser evitados en este primer período, no se deben levantar cargas pesadas, no se debe empujar o tirar de un objeto; y sobre todo la mala posición de la columna o si el movimiento exige una torsión del cuerpo. Debe aconsejarse dormir sobre la espalda, llevar la cabeza baja, no llevar los talones muy alto y aconsejamos siempre que no debe retornar muy pronto a la conducción de un vehículo, y al hacerlo, proveyéndose de un espaldar adaptado especialmente al equilibrio de la columna.   

En ocasiones esta precauciones conducen a aconsejar muchas veces un cambio de orientación profesional o de actividad de trabajo. Hacia la octava semana el enfermo es llamado al Servicio de Rehabilitación, previa a una conservación y a la cooperación entre el enfermo y el quinecioterapista, que debe variar los ejercicios, adaptarlos a cada caso en particular, subrayar los progresos de los pacientes de semana a semana. Es decir que la experiencia y el rol psicológico del reeducador encuentran un lugar importantísimo en la conducción y en la continuación del tratamiento de los enfermos operados de disco. 

Creemos que esta reeducación algo retardada, que no ha dado magníficos resultados, es la mejor prevención de las lumbalgias residuales, y la mejor forma de prevenir las recidivas
Pozycja prawna komisji skarg, wniosków i petycji
Authors: Wierzbica Anna
Published: January 2021

Mocą art. 2 pkt 6 ustawy z dnia 11 stycznia 2018 r. o zmianie niektórych ustaw w celu zwiększenia udziału obywateli w procesie wybierania, funkcjonowania i kontrolowania niektórych organów publicznych w jednostkach samorządu terytorialnego wprowadzono obowiązek powołania komisji skarg, wniosków i petycji. Jest to druga, obok komisji rewizyjnej, obligatoryjna komisja stała powoływana przez organy stanowiące. Krótki okres funkcjonowania tej komisji wykazuje, że przepisy prawa normujące jej funkcjonowanie są nadmiernie lakoniczne. Dotyczy to zwłaszcza zasad i trybu działania tej komisji oraz tego, jak dalekie są uprawnienia komisji w zakresie rozpoznawania w imieniu rady (sejmiku) skarg, wniosków i petycji skierowanych do tych organów.
On the Third Power: Taking Independence of the Judiciary Seriously
Authors: Bröstl Alexander
Published: January 2021

The article deals with the problem of the independence of the judiciary from a historical point of view (subordination of the judicature to the royal will in the 17th century in England, examples of the two rival-judges, Francis Bacon and Edward Coke). Then it focuses on the historical background and guarantees of an independent judiciary in former Czechoslovakia, and in contemporary Slovakia. It concerns the judicial reform ready to be introduced in the Slovak legal order by 2021 with the aim to renew the credibility of the judiciary (courts and prosecution offices). Proposed legal measures are presented (security examinations, new property declarations, crime of perversion of justice committed by judges). New constitutional amendments have to do with the election of the candidates for judges of the Constitutional Court in the National Council, and the establishment of a Supreme Administrative Court.
Judicial “Independence” in Belarus: Theory and Practice
Authors: Vashkevich Alexander
Published: January 2021

Celem artykułu jest ustalenie przyczyn całkowitej zależności białoruskiego wymiaru sprawiedliwości od władzy wykonawczej, jak również wskazanie mechanizmów prawnych, którymi posłużyła się władza wykonawcza, aby uzależnić od siebie sądy. Wprowadzenie prezydenckiej formy rządów i autorytarnego reżimu politycznego zagwarantowało prezydentowi Białorusi kluczowy wpływ na wymiar sprawiedliwości poprzez procedury wyboru, powoływania, ponownego mianowania i odwoływania sędziów, jak również ustalania ich wynagrodzeń i pakietów socjalnych.
Wymagania dotyczące delegowania suwerennych praw na Unię Europejską, czyli tzw. formalna kontrola transferu
Authors: Fickentscher Toni
Published: January 2021

Przekazanie suwerennych praw Unii Europejskiej wymaga aktu ustawodawczego niemieckiego parlamentu (Deutscher Bundestag), który podlega zatwierdzeniu przez Radę Federalną (Deutscher Bundesrat) (zob. art. 23 ust. 1 pkt 2 BL). Do tej pory obywatele mieli możliwość wytoczenia powództwa przeciwko takiej delegacji tylko w przypadku naruszenia tożsamości Ustawy Zasadniczej (art. 79 ust. 3 BL) (tzw. kontrola tożsamości) lub jeśli instytucje Unii Europejskiej działały ultra-vires (tzw. kontrola ultra-vires). Od momentu wydania decyzji przez Federalny Trybunał Konstytucyjny w dniu 13 lutego 2020 r. (FCC 2 BvR 739/17) wymagane jest, aby akt parlamentu został podjęty większością dwóch trzecich głosów, w przypadku gdy przekazanie suwerennych praw wymaga wprowadzenia zmiany do traktatów unijnych lub do samej niemieckiej Ustawy Zasadniczej (zob. art. 23 ust. 3, art. 79 ust. 2 BL). Każdy obywatel ma indywidualne roszczenie objęte art. 38 ust. 1 s. 1 BL, dotyczące zbadania zgodności przeprowadzonej procedury z tymi formalnymi wymogami (tzw. formalna kontrola transferu).
Features of Integrated Marketing Communications of Banks
Authors: Demko Marіana
Published: January 2021

The essence and features of integrated marketing communications and their role in achieving successful functioning of banks in the market are studied. In conditions of economic instability, banks are looking for the most effective marketing tools to promote the brand. Therefore, the role of integrated marketing communications in the activities of banks has significantly increased. Integrated marketing communications strengthen the bank’s competitive stability in the market, form the image of the bank, increase the promotion of banking products, provide banking services and efficiency of banking. The purpose, tasks and properties of integrated marketing communications of banks to achieve marketing goals and increase the successful operation of banks are formulated. Conceptual approaches to the essence of integrated marketing communications as a universal tool for achieving marketing goals (concept; planning concept; the concept of joining forces; management coordination concept; combine tools; special macro positioning of the brand; strategic analysis, selection, application and control). The author’s definition of integrated marketing communications of banks on the basis of the formed conceptual approaches to the essence of integrated marketing communications and definitions of authors is offered. On the basis of this definition the mechanism of action of integrated marketing communications as an effective tool of communication activity is formed as at interaction of tools of marketing communications in the synergetic unity create positive effect for successful banking activity. Effective management of banking activities is carried out by the interaction of promotion tools with the emergence of a synergistic effect, as this achieves the marketing goals of the bank.