bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hydraulic Jump: A Brief History and Research Challenges
Authors: De Padova Diana , Mossa Michele
Published: June 2021

This paper presents a brief history of the hydraulic jump and a literature review on hydraulic jumps’ experimental and numerical studies. Leonardo da Vinci noticed this phenomenon early on, but it was only later studied by Bidone in 1820. Since the beginning of the 20th century, the hydraulic jump has received a lot of attention following the development of energy dissipater designs and stilling basins. The late 1920s and early 1930s saw many experimental studies researching the surface roller profile and energy dissipation. The study of internal flow features started in the late 1950s. Starting in the 70s, it was believed that the flow of a jump must be analyzed in its actual configuration of air–water mixture, an aspect that cannot be overlooked. Several experimental studies in the late 1980s and 1990s highlighted the existence of oscillating phenomena under specific flow conditions and particularly, a cyclic variation of jump types over long-lasting experiments. The early 2000s saw many experimental studies researching the complex structure of the separated region in very large channels downstream of the lateral shockwaves. Whereas most of the experiments provide measurements at a point or on a plane, the complete flow field supplied by CFD simulations enables us to have a deeper understanding of the dynamics of coherent structures that are responsible for free-surface fluctuations and aeration in hydraulic jumps. Therefore, in recent years, the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method, through turbulence models, has become a useful tool to study this complex environmental fluid mechanic problem.
Principles of Universal Quality Management in the Management of a Medical Organization in the Russian Federation at the Present Stage
Authors: Shahabov Islam , Melnikov Yuriy , Smyshlyaev Aleksey
Published: June 2021

When performing the analysis of quality management in a medical organization, a set of principles and management methods were taken into account. Quality management covers the processes of planning, organization, motivation and control, necessary to achieve the ultimate goal. The main problem of the healthcare system at the analyzed stage is the low level of competence among top managers. For full-fledged management, it is necessary to create a special body, which should be integrated as a unique subsystem that is responsible for solving the issues of implementation and development of process management. An adequate and planned approach to the creation and integration of the process office into the organizational structure has a sufficiently large strategic potential. The methodology of quality management in the healthcare system is a sequence of stages of identifying and formulating a problem, establishing and conducting an analysis of cause-and-effect relation, evaluating the effectiveness of the service, determining and adjusting goals and objectives to ensure full and effective functioning. The requirements for quality management all over the world are determined by the standards of the ISO 9000 series. They created the foundation for the procedures of development, implementation and certification of the quality of medical services.
History of medical rehabilitation
Authors: Kovalev Dmitriy
Published: June 2021

The World Health Organization defines rehabilitation as a set of measures to restore
functions impaired as a result of illnesses, injuries, accidents, birth defects, aimed at adapting this category of people to the most fulfilling life in modern society. Complex of rehabilitation measures should be aimed at restoring health, ability to work and social adaptation, restoring the personal value of each individual. Medical rehabilitation is a process aimed at providing comprehensive care to people with one or another category of disorders and, if possible, ensuring the most comprehensive recovery of the lost functions.
People began to resort to rehabilitation as an important way to restore the functions of the damaged organism from ancient times. Even the doctors of Ancient Egypt suggested using some methods of ergotherapy to accelerate the restoration of the health in their patients.
Doctors of Ancient Greece and Rome also used physical activity and occupational therapy for patients in therapeutic measures. Various types of massage were widely used in the same countries as a hygienic and therapeutic agent, as well as in order to increase work activity. Since the Roman Empire constantly waged wars to maintain its power, expand and strengthen its borders, the number of people who were mutilated and lost their ability to work was constantly growing. Against this background it was proposed in Rome to provide assistance to the disabled citizens who were injured when defending the fatherland to restore their health (“invalid” – as these people are called in some counties – translated from Latin means “weak”, “feeble”). In particular, in the Roman Empire it was ordered to provide land allotments with slaves and one-time material compensation to former soldiers, who received military injuries during military campaigns. Today rehabilitation has become a separate medical discipline, this issue is supervised by the governments of many countries, and WHO provides interaction with dozens of international non-governmental organizations working in this direction.
Etiopathogenesis of Tampal Perforations. Methods of Restorative Treatment
Authors: Marchenko Ekaterina Valeriyevna
Published: June 2021

The eardrum is an elastic partition between the outer and middle ear that participates in the perception and conduction of sound waves and provides protection of the middle ear from external influences. The eardrum disintegration is called perforation. The main causes of tympanic perforations are injuries (after acoustic shock, altitude trauma, foreign body ingress, careless conduct of some medical manipulations) and inflammations occurring after purulent otitis media or, less often, acute catarrhal otitis. Clinically, tympanic perforation is manifested by hearing loss, ear congestion, tinnitus. In case of an injury, blood or liquorrhea (if the skull base is fractured) may be discharged from the ear. In the case of inflammatory perforation accompanied by purulent otitis, otorrhea may occur, and the pain syndrome severity is reduced. In about 70% of cases, the eardrum defect heals by itself; but in some cases, surgery is required with reconstructive repair (tympanoplasty).
Perancangan Sistem Informasi Pendaftaran Rawat Jalan Menggunakan TOGAF ADM dan Kombinasi COBIT 5
Authors: Martianda Herza , Saepudin Sudin
Published: June 2021

RS. Bhayangkara Setukpa Lemdiklat Polri adalah salah satu dari beberapa rumah sakit yang berada di Sukabumi. Rumah sakit menyediakan pelayanan  kesehatan, yang salah satunya yaitu pelayanan pendaftaran rawat jalan. Dalam kinerja pelayanan nya Rs. Bhayangkara Setukpa Lemdiklat Polri masih belum optimal, pada tahun 2017 s/d 2019 terjadi peningkatan jumlah kunjungan rawat jalan sebesar 50% dan pada tahun 2020 terjadinya penurunan mencapai 27%.  Sistem informasi pendaftaran rawat jalan yang ada saat ini masih bersifat offline dan lamanya waktu pelayanan pendaftaran karena pasien harus mengisi formulir terlebih dahulu, sedangkan petugas pendaftaran hanya dijaga oleh dua orang saja tanpa didukung kecepatan sistem informasi pendaftaran yang dapat diakses oleh pasien. Rumah Sakit belum mempunyai alternatif pendaftaran yang bersifat online, sedangkan di era yang digital ini pelayanan di Rumah Sakit perlu ditingkatkan dengan menerapkan Enterprise Architecture (EA) menggunakan TOGAF ADM (The Open Group Architecture Framework Architecture Development Method) dan Kombinasi COBIT 5 (Control Objective for Information and Related Technology). TOGAF ADM dapat mendefinisikan tahapan perancangan arsitektur informasi dan perlu dukungan COBIT 5 untuk melaksanakan tahapannya. Ea berguna untuk memenuhi proses bisnis kedepannya. Perancangan EA merupakan solusi yang tepat dalam mendukung organisasi suatu bisnis. Oleh karena itu penulis melakukan perancangan untuk mendukung sistem informasi pendaftaran secara online yang terintegrasi dalam proses menjalankan bisnis yang tepat di Rumah Sakit. Hasil dari kerangka kerja TOGAF ADM dan Kombinasi COBIT 5 adalah blue print perancangan EA berupa rekomendasi Perekrutan SDM IT, Perancangan Sistem Informasi Pendaftaran Rawat Jalan, Pelatihan Karyawan, dan Inovasi Pemasaran Pendaftaran Rawat Jalan.
Du Nil au Yémen, Bartholdi photographe
Authors: Bustarret Claire
Published: June 2021

C. Bustarret : From the Nile to the Yemen : Bartholdi as Photographer.

Auguste Bartholdi's first journey to the Orient, undertaken to Egypt and Nubia with the painter Gérôme in 1855-1856, was officially a photographic mission with a precise documentary aim — the study of antiquities and the recording of monuments. Though attention has been paid to the journey’s significance for Bartholdi’s sculpture, insufficient regard has been given to the originality of his photographs, which concentrate on Egyptian daily life and reveal an interest in the unexpected and the play of light and objects. These photographs can thus be seen as an intimate record of the journey serving a revitalization of visual experience.
Le cabinet de curiosités de Thoutmosis III
Authors: Beaux Nathalie
Published: June 2021

The Thutmosis III' « cabinet de curiosités ».

Pharaoh Thutmosis III had the walls of two rooms in the Amon-Rê temple at Karnak decorated with reliefs representing different animals, but above all numerous vegetables. Almost all these plants have been identified : 64, called «foreign », must have been observed during the expeditions led by the pharaoh in the Near East, but 265, called «extraordinary », come from the exotic areas of Africa and Asia : 64,5 9c belong to a teratologic type, whereas 29 % are characterized by a mode of reproduction considered as exceptional by the Egyptians. Placed in a particularly holy place of the temple, these non-narrative reliefs are a tribute to the divinity : they show the diversity of the Creation under its rarest aspects. Thus, they foreshadow the 16th and 17th centuries « cabinets de curiosités ».
L’iconographie du temple de Bakong de sa fondation au XIIIe siècle
Authors: Alvares Sharon
Published: June 2021

Iconography of the temple of Bakong, from its foundation up to the thirteenth century.

Bakong is the oldest known Cambodian mountain-temple dedicated to the royal cult. Founded in 881, it presents a pantheon dominated by Shiva. This is suggested both by its architectural layout and by its sculptures. Around 1150, a restoration campaign introduced sculpted decoration related to the cult of Vishnu. At the end of the twelfth century, iconography of Buddhist inspiration made its appearance. A violent, but brief Shivaist reaction followed, after which the Small Vehicle prevailed, surviving up to the present day. Thus we see how succeeding Khmer monarchs intervened at Bakong, each one leaving the mark of his own personal beliefs.
Monuments publics dans l’espace urbain à Nantes, aux XVIIIe et XIXe siècles
Authors: Bienvenu Gilles
Published: June 2021

Public monuments in the urban space of Nantes during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.

The city of Nantes provides a significant illustration of the relationships between public monuments and urban space during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Three eighteenth-century examples — the Hôtel de Ville (town hall), the palace of the Chambre des Comptes of Brittany and the Théâtre Graslin — show how the architects take on the definition and arrangement of urban forms, so that the monument can benefit from a real urban « staging ».

During the nineteenth century, three new major public buildings — the Museum, the law courts and the Fine Arts Museum — illustrate a change in the situation. The architects may well design the buildings, but the surrounding streets are now the responsibility of engineers. The monument and its environment are treated as separate entities, breaking the earlier dialogue between the monument and public space. During the twentieth century, the architect Coutan used gardens in order to recover some control over urban forms, but, by this time, the construction of urban monuments had lost its impetus.
Un monument pastiche, le musée Nissim de Camondo à Paris
Authors: Steve Michel
Published: June 2021

A pastiche monument, the Nissim de Camondo Museum in Paris.

The Paris town house built in 1911 by René Sergent for the banker Moïse de Camondo, a major collector of eighteenth-century art, was a skilful interpretation of Gabriel’s Petit Trianon, adapted for a narrow urban building plot. The Petit Trianon at Versailles was seen, at this date, as the quintessence of the spirit of French taste. It was the continuity of this taste, through history, that Camondo wished to celebrate. The architect Sergent had already earned some recognition as a talented pasticheur, particularly in New York where his palace store, commissioned by the antique merchant Duveen on Fifth Avenue, reproduced the most notable compositions of the Place Louis XV.

The building erected for Moïse de Camondo received a second « commemorative » function after the First World War. The banker donated his house, as a museum of eighteenth-century art, to the French nation, in memory of his son killed during the war.
Voir le Sacré : perception et visibilité du maître-autel au XVIIe siècle
Authors: Cousinié Frédéric
Published: June 2021

Seeing the Sacred : the perception and visibility of the high altar during the seventeenth century.

Should the Sacred be visible ? An answer to this question is offered here through the study of the high altar of the Minim Convent of the Place Royale in Paris, now no longer in existence. The altar was built from 1630, and the altar painting was a copy of the famous Descent from the Cross by D. da Volterra. Jean-François Niceron, who was himself a monk in this convent in Paris, described this altar in his book « La Perspective curieuse » (published 1638 and re-edited in 1658). His description wells on a particular feature of the painting, the foot of Christ, which seems to attract the eyes of the spectator who moves in front of the painting. This description supposes then that the work is perfectly visible in a church without a rood screen and in which it is possible to move about freely. But the view of a monk who obeys the Minims’ ceremonial, regulating the different services, is only one of the senses called on, and probably not the main one. It is not so much a question of seeing or contemplating a work as « turning towards » this special pole of orientation which is the high altar. The author of the present article compares Niceron’s description with other treatises on the same subject which often mix up perspective with religious considerations that interfere with the scientific discourse. They are concerned, for example, with whether or not God is directly visible, discussions which refer in a more immediate sense to the vision of the altar and to the need to suppress rood screens.
Le trait gravé des cubistes
Authors: Pernoud Emmanuel
Published: June 2021

Within the cubist movement, the artists who

did engravings usually chose traditional

forms : the aquafortis, the dry point and the burin print.

Breaking both with modernism and with the

primitivism then in vogue, their engravings evoke

older schools. The cubist engravings of

Braque, Picasso, Villon and Marcoussis remind

us of the works of the professional French

engravers of the classical period. This

characteristic of their engravings is clearly connected

with the facet and the scoring techniques in cubist painting. Above all, however, it must be seen as an interrogation within western engraving as to its own origins.
L’Arbre de Jessé de Vic-Le-Comte, un vitrail de Grasset et Gaudin
Authors: Luneau Jean-François
Published: June 2021

Jean-François Luneau : The Tree of Jesse in Vic-Le-Comte, a stained glass window by Grasset and Gaudin.

The Sainte-Chapelle in Vic-Le-Comte (Puy-de-Dôme) was built between 1520 and 1525. The three windows of the choir (bays 100, 101 and 102) display a typological program. In 1891, the stained glass painter, Félix Gaudin, created a new window in the eastern axis of the choir (bay 100) with the subject of the Tree of Jesse. This duplicated the iconography of the window that had disappeared during the Revolution. Eugène Grasset drew the sketches for this window, based on an engraving of Baluze that represented the donors. An examination of the preparatory drawings, as well as the finished work, shows the methods employed by Grasset and Gaudin. This religious stained glass window is a realistic work of art. The linear, stiff style of its relief is adapted to a high window, that would be seen from a distance. The scale model, exhibited at the Salon des Cent in 1894, was given a much more important and positive review than the window itself, which was commented on only by scholars and historians of stained glass.
Des églises rupestres paléochrétiennes en Cappadoce : nouveaux éléments de datation
Authors: Lemaigre Demesnil Nicole
Published: June 2021

Some paleochristian rupestrian churches in Cappadoce : new elements of dating.

The study of rupestrian churches in Cappadoce, for a long time focused on the painted decorations, used to favour the mediaeval buildings. In return, the dating of the older buildings remains very hazardous. The few preserved church buildings authorizes the institution of a chronology showing the importance of the construction campaign in Cappadoce during the paleochristian era.

The study of three rupestrian monuments : the Saint Theodore church — also called Pancarlik kilise, the no. 1 Kurt dere church and the cluster of monastic buildings in Ozkonak, shows the fidelity of the excavating architects towards the established typological patterns and confirms the excavation of churches during the 6th and 7th centuries. The architectural analysis of these monuments, of their architectonic decoration and of the ornamental vocabulary in use during the protobyzantine era gives a picture of the « minor » buildings that were being constructed or excavated.
Les recueils de costumes à l’usage des peintres (XVIIIe-XIXe siècles) : un genre éditorial au service de la peinture d’histoire ?
Authors: Amic Sylvain , Patry Sylvie
Published: June 2021

Dress Books for the use of painters : an editorial purpose for historical paintings (18th-19th centuries).

Beginning in the 18th century until the late 1880’s, the publication of dress engravings was highly successful. At the same time, historical painters and critics showed an increasing interest in the accuracy of dress. This article does not propose to give an exhaustive inventory, but it will illustrate the connections between painters and the publications of engravings. Owing to artists and teachers of the Art Academies, this type of publication, invented in the 16th century, experienced new developments in the 18th century, both in its scientific aspects and in the importance of illustrations (Dandré-Bardon, Lens, Mulliot) and mav be seen as an answer to the desire of the artistic world, from painters to actors. The publications, that deal essentially with the middle ages and modern times, appear only after 1810, following the works of several painters (Brenet for example). However, as historical painters looked towards a greater accuracy in dress as a means of regeneration (from Delaroche to Rochegrosse at the end of 19th century), outstanding dress engravings, such as those of Planché and Léon Heuzey, were, certainly, intended for artists and belong to historical painting.
L’architecte Victor Louis (1731-1800) et Lyon. Un dessin inédit du fonds Morand de Jouffrey aux archives municipales de Lyon
Authors: Chuzeville Sylvain
Published: June 2021

The Architect Vidor Louis and Lyon.

In 1759, on coming back from Rom, Victor Louis stays in Lyon, where he is welcomed by the architect Jean-Antoine Morand. Several documents from the Morand de Jouffrey Fund (Lyon, Archives municipales) bear witness to their relationship and collaboration, throwing a new light on a badly known moment of Louis’career. This fund equally contains a drawing of a door, up to then attributed to Morand, but which should be given back to Louis from esthetic criteria and factual elements.
Le vêtement grec dans sa matérialité : découvertes et recherches récentes
Authors: Morizot Yvette
Published: June 2021

The discoveries which have enriched our documentation and the researches of the last decades have given a more precise idea of the material aspects of Greek clothes. As regards fibres, we can distinguish the existence of local materials for everyday use and the importation of valuable ones, such as Chinese silk. As far as weaving is concerned, the Lefcadi tunic gives an example of «flokati » and numerous illustrations show the importance of «sprang ». The taste for vivid colours is certified even at the classical period, as well as the taste for patterns which show an outstanding figurative vein. The Vergina material is an example of the use of gold threads and of the art of tapestry liable to replace needle embroidery. Advanced knowledge in dies specifically concerns purple. We also have a better idea of the types of clothes, whether the ordinary peplos or specific ones, as seen, for example, on an Auriga statue in Mozia and a Thessalonic relief devoted to Artemis, or again borrowed from the Orient or nomads steppe.
Actualité de la recherche en histoire de l’architecture
Authors: Minnaert Jean-Baptiste
Published: June 2021

New Directions in Architectural History.

Today the field of study in architectural history has expanded to cover both geographical areas and periods, which had been ignored in the past. New questions and methods have emerged. The impact of these changes on the discipline calls for an assessment. They can be classified according to three themes : The study of colonial areas : breaking with tra¬ ditional narratives, which focused exclusively on innovation and exceptional individuals, research on colonial areas has opened up a broader vision of architectural history that takes into account the circulation of models, cultural exchanges and differences, as well as the collective aspects of architecture ; Banality : the quantitative importance of so-called banal architecture and urbanization calls for a closer study encompassing both individual and collective projects, and taking into account not just the building process but also the transformation of the buildings over time ; Articulating a new dialogue between fundamental research and appraisals of the architectural heritage : work done in the field produces new objects and methods, but there is often a certain amount of confusion between these two practices, calling for a reassessment of established frameworks. It is necessary to address areas that were traditionally neglected, to develop historiographical research, and to focus more on the contextual aspects and modalities of sources and study objects.
Architecture au féminin : le cas de l’hôtel parisien du XVIIIe siècle (1700-1750)
Authors: Ollagnier Claire
Published: June 2021

Women and Architecture : The Example of the Parisian Hôtel in the Eighteenth Century (1700-1750).

This essay studies the place of women in the Parisian hôtel of the first half of the eighteenth century and their influence on architecture, cross-referencing architectural treatises with documents pertaining to ways of life in this period. Built between 1700 and 1750, the group of hôtels retained for this study was selected from L'Architecture française by Jacques-François Blondel, an exemplary collection of architectural plans, designed and commented with extreme care and in great detail. Our research focused on the space occupied by women in the home. According to the treatises of the eighteenth century, men and women lived in separate quarters. These texts, however, are essentially theroretical and do not describe actual situations. In practice it is difficult to localize the appartements that were attributed to women. Through an in-depth study of a selection of plans it has been possible to distinguish room groupings and formulate a few hypotheses on the space allotted to women in the hôtels. In addition, the case of hôtels designed specifically for women clients allowed us to examine the direct imprint of feminine tastes and needs on the building of a private home. This influence can be traced in the number and distribution of rooms, the manner in which they decrease in size and in the greater specialization of some spaces.
L’importance des arts décoratifs dans les premières expositions des produits de l’industrie française
Authors: Robin Doriane
Published: June 2021

The Importance of Decorative Arts in the First French Art and Industry Exhibitions

From 1798 to 1849, eleven public exhibitions of French art and industry were held in Paris. The first was organized in 1798 by François de Neufchâteau, then Minister of the Interior, to promote the national industry against English competition. The makers of decorative arts (cabinet makers, clock makers, tapestry makers, etc.) were gradually included alongside the exhibitors of industrial goods. These events were for the artists an opportunity not only to show their work but also to have it reviewed by a jury, and be rewarded with medals. Technical innovations, such as the invention of panoramic wallpaper or of varnished corrugated iron, were particularly rewarded. The art and industry exhibitions thus became a showcase for decorative arts, enabling artists to publicize their work in front of a large and enthusiastic public, composed not just of nationals but also of many foreigners as well.
Les arts décoratifs au prisme de la vie moderne : Eugène Chirié et les espaces commerciaux
Authors: Marantz Éléonore
Published: June 2021

Pendant les années trente, la décoration commerciale est l’un des domaines où se redéfinissent les rapports entre architecture et arts décoratifs. Le parcours et l’œuvre d’Eugène Chirié en témoignent. Architecte de formation, il met volontiers son talent de décorateur au service d’une bourgeoisie d’affaire, pour laquelle il imagine des boutiques, des cafés, des restaurants, des casinos ou encore des cinémas. Ces espaces de consommation, de sociabilité ou de loisir lui permettent de construire sa réputation, et deviennent un terrain d’expérimentation privilégié. Au-delà de son intérêt formel, l’œuvre d’Eugène Chirié permet de comprendre comment l’architecture et les arts décoratifs se rencontrent, dialoguent et s’enrichissent mutuellement, au sein de ces espaces symboliques de la modernité.
Bazaine et les vitraux de l’église Saint-Séverin à Paris : une abstraction iconographique ?
Authors: Drugeon Fanny
Published: June 2021

En 1964, Jean Bazaine reçoit la commande de vitraux pour l’église Saint-Séyerin à Paris. Cette commande s’inscrit dans l’histoire complexe des relations entre l’abstraction et l’Eglise catholique, qui sont caractéristiques de la France d’après 1945. La situation est plus assise en la matière, les différentes querelles de l’art sacré s’étant apaisées, et l’entrée de vitraux abstraits dans un édifice religieux classé se heurte à beaucoup moins d’opposition que durant les précédentes décennies. Néanmoins, soucieux à sa façon de respecter la vocation catéchétique des œuvres d’art dans l’Église, Bazaine étudie soigneusement la thématique de ses vitraux pour aboutir à celle des Sept Sacrements. Se pose alors la question d’une « abstraction incarnée » qui puisse répondre aux attentes de l’Église.
Muséums et collections d’histoire naturelle : quelle place dans l’histoire des musées ?
Authors: Van-Praët Michel
Published: June 2021

Muséums and Natural History Collections : ivhat Place in the History of Museums ?

The evolution of scientific knowledge informed the creation of scientific museums and collections and, in turn, was also partially shaped by them.

After recalling the essential role played by the «muséums » in the history of museums, this essay focuses on the key role played by medical doctors in the creation of curiosity cabinets and museums, and on the effect, which these institutions in turn had on the increasing professionalization of scientific research in Europe up until the nineteenth century, a time when collecting and research began to be seen as conflicting activities. This opposition still rules today and continues to structure the relations between natural history museums and universities.

Using French museums as a case study, the author elucidates these differences in three pivotal moments :

-The early seventeenth century is the time when, for the first time in France, a rupture occurred between the university and the museum as rival exhibition spaces. This break, which was specific to France, was directly related to the model of the recently created Jardin Royal des Plantes Médicinales.

-In the early eighteenth century, the professionalization of the scientific community within the natural history museums was founded on a break with the medical milieu.

-During the second half of the nineteenth century, the role of the « muséums » in promoting the study of natural sciences declined. This was exactly the time when the natural sciences became more diversified. Parallel to this evolution, the natural history museums also underwenst a profound change with the introduction of the modern concept of exhibition, and they developed their activity as sites for the diffusion of sciences.

With the current revival of naturalist collections as both a means to foster awareness of environmental concerns and as a trove of references of earlier stages of evolution used for scientific studies and modelizing, it may be ask whether naturalist collections should not be preserved as examples and artifacts of intangible heritage.
Le Salon sous le Premier Empire : une exposition d’une portée européenne ?
Authors: Knels Eva maria
Published: June 2021

Les Salons des artistes vivants connurent un succès considérable sous le Premier Empire, succès dû à une véritable politique artistique et à l’intervention massive du gouvernement français. Après la baisse de qualité observée dans les Salons lors de leur libéralisation en 1791, le directeur du musée, Dominique-Vivant Denon, parvient à en restaurer l’image sur la scène internationale. Cette réorganisation du Salon s’inscrit dans le contexte plus général de la politique artistique et culturelle du Premier Empire. Elle se caractérise par un effort explicite d’internationalisation, tant sur le plan du recrutement des artistes exposés que sur le plan de sa diffusion médiatique. De plus, par sa proximité avec le Musée Napoléon et les œuvres confisquées en Europe, le Salon donne lieu à des articles, pamphlets, récits de voyage et recueils de gravures dans l’Europe entière. Ils diffuseront en Europe une image de la « nouvelle école française » et provoqueront un discours hétérogène sur l’art français contemporain. Au même moment, l’exposition attire des artistes étrangers dont la présence au Salon pendant l’Empire, même si elle fut modeste, témoigne de l’intérêt accru que suscita l’exposition au niveau international. Le présent article aborde cette dynamique d’internationalisation sur le plan de la conception de l’exposition ainsi que sur le plan de sa réception artistique.
Classification physiologique et représentation des « espèces sociales » au XIXe siècle
Authors: Laugée Thierry
Published: June 2021

De 1840 à 1850, plusieurs centaines d’ouvrages humoristiques français prennent le titre de physiologies. Ces brochures populaires, illustrées par Gavarni, Daumier, Grandville, entre autres inventaient une taxinomie humoristique de la foule parisienne. Cet article présente les origines de la vogue de ces publications et l’appropriation par la caricature d’un terme, comme d’une méthode, propre à l’étude scientifique de l’homme et de l’animal, afin de parodier la société contemporaine. En considérant les catégories socioprofessionnelles comme des variétés de l’espèce humaine, il était demandé à l’artiste de représenter « le type », une synthèse visuelle des caractéristiques physiques et morales d’un groupe d’individus. Par une confrontation de l’illustration scientifique de l’époque et de l’œuvre de Gavarni, cette étude entend décrypter les normes iconographiques de ce « type social ».
Entre l’histoire de l’art et les visual studies : mythe, science et idéologie
Authors: Dubuisson Daniel , Raux Sophie
Published: June 2021

Between Art History and Visual Studies : Myth, Science, and Ideology.

Art history is deeply rooted in our earliest learned culture : speculative thinking on Beauty, Art, mimesis, the image, the ut pictura poesis tradition, the artist’s role, and so forth, all predate the discipline’s emergence in academia by many centuries. Whereas this venerable field has for long claimed exclusivity on works of art, which get organized into hierarchies and often idealized, visual studies are instead concerned with visual processes and artifacts. Moreover, visual studies rely on notions, approaches, and theorists that have been largely ignored, if not rejected by art history. Visual studies, however, continue to perpetuate the same pragmatism, materialism, and agnosticism found in any contemporary discipline in the humanities. Therefore, the critical comparison of art history and visual studies, and of their respective intellectual projects, is both inevitable and essential.
Les études visuelles des sciences : regards croisés sur les images scientifiques
Authors: Bigg Charlotte
Published: June 2021

Cet article propose une analyse des développements récents qui ont favorisé des rapprochements entre l’histoire des sciences et l’histoire de l’art. On s’intéresse à l’émergence des visual studies of science dans le monde anglo-saxon et des Bildwissenschaften dans le monde germanique, en cherchant à cerner leurs enjeux conceptuels, disciplinaires et institutionnels. L’histoire des sciences trouve son origine dans une évolution plus ancienne, lorsqu’elle s’est progressivement distanciée de l’histoire des idées et des théories pour se tourner vers une histoire des pratiques. Parallèlement, des considérations issues de l’histoire culturelle et des représentations ont investi l’histoire des sciences. Ces évolutions ont préparé, puis influencé la manière dont les historiens des sciences ont abordé les méthodes et les objets de l’histoire de l’art, qui commençait à élaborer des méthodes pour étudier les images scientifiques. Mais si les études visuelles des sciences dans ces différentes incarnations se sont rapidement établies, elles constituent encore un ensemble hétérogène d’approches et d’objets aux fondements théoriques incertains.
Les inscriptions dans la sculpture médiévale
Authors: Le Pogam Pierre-Yves
Published: June 2021

Face aux nombreuses inscriptions présentes dans le décor monumental médiéval, une première attitude peut être de voir dans les textes et leur matérialisation graphique des outils qui permettent de répondre aux questions sur l’attribution, la datation, le sens de l’iconographie, que posent beaucoup de ces ensembles. Mais on peut tirer bien d’autres enseignements de ces textes. Ces derniers ne sont pas seulement des compléments ou, au mieux, des commentaires des représentations qui les portent. Les relations entre ces deux mondes sont bien plus complexes. Certaines inscriptions ne reflètent peut-être que des habitudes culturelles ; d’autres au contraire manifestent une ambition remarquable et constituent comme un discours parallèle, voire concurrentiel de celui de l’image.
Behçet Necatigil’in “Yıldızlara Bakmak” Radyo Oyununda Deneyim ve Kendilik Ekseninde Anlam Arayışı
Authors: ÖZDEMİR Fatih
Published: June 2021

Behçet Necatigil’in radyo oyunu Yıldızlara Bakmak’ta, Necatigil’in şiirlerinde olduğu gibi semboller yoğundur. Sıradan yaşamının bir anında yıldızlara bakma ihtiyacı hisseden Yolcu ile onun yıldızlara bakmak için gittiği rasathanenin müdürü oyunun başlıca kişileridir. Oyun, ağırlıklı olarak bu kişiler arasındaki konuşmalardan oluşur ve oyunda anlam arayışı, bireyin iç dünyasının farkına varması, “yıldızlara bakmak” ile somutlaşır. Necatigil, yol, yolculuk, akıl, bilim, sezgi, olgunlaşmak gibi hem felsefi hem de mistik çağrışımları olan sözcüklerle oyununu zenginleştirir. Özellikle orta hâlli insanın günlük yaşama kapılıp iç dünyasını zenginleştirememesi oyunun temel sorunsalıdır. Bu durum kişinin deneyimin değerini bilmemesi ve kendilik bilincinden yoksunluğunun göstergesidir. Ayrıca aile, çevre ve modern dünya da deneyimi ve bireyin kendisi olmasını engelleyici ögeler olarak belirir. Yıldızlara Bakmak’ta işlenen deneyim, kendilik, bireyin çevre ve toplumla ilişkisi temaları Necatigil’in şiirlerinde de karşımıza çıkar. Dolayısıyla bu radyo oyunu ile Necatigil’in şiirleri arasında türlerarası ilişki bulunmaktadır. Oyundaki anlam arayışını en genel anlamıyla estetik deneyim olarak değerlendirebiliriz.
Türk Mûsikîsi'nin Kadîm Nefesli Sazı Ney ve Muhibbî Dîvânı'ndaki İzleri
Authors: ÇAĞLAYAN Nagehan
Published: June 2021

Kuruluşundan itibaren giderek büyüyen ve geniş bir coğrafyaya hâkim olan Osmanlı İmparatorluğu, tarihinin her döneminde devleti yöneten dirayetli padişahları sayesinde bir kültür merkezi haline gelmiş; sayısız şair, sanatkâr, âlim devlet büyükleri ve hükümdarlar yetiştirmiştir. Devleti idare eden padişahların ilme, güzel sanatların pek çok şubesine ve bilhassa şiire duydukları alaka Osmanlı Devleti’ni diğer büyük devletler nezdinde farklı kılmakta, medeniyetimizin büyüklüğünü ortaya koymaktadır. Kanuni Sultan Süleyman, 16. asrın ilk çeyreğinden itibaren yönetimi ele almış kudretli bir hükümdar olmasının yanı sıra şiire derin vukufu olan bir şairdir. Şiirlerinde Muhibbî mahlasını kullanan Kanuni, en çok gazel kaleme alan şairler arasında ilk sıralarda yer alır. Sultan bir şair olarak o, kaleme aldığı şiirlerinde savaş meydanlarından sohbet meclislerine ve mensubu olduğu çağın bütün hususiyetlerine kadar pek çok konuyu işler. Muhibbî Divanı’nda karşımıza çıkan unsurlardan biri de muhtelif makamları, çalgıları ve kavramları ile musikidir. Bu çalışmada öncelikle Osmanlı dönemi musikisinde ve günümüzde ayrıcalıklı bir yeri olan ney sazı tanıtılmış, Kanuni Sultan Süleyman’ın hayatı ve edebi kişiliğine dair muhtasar bilgiler sunulmuştur. Ardından Türkiye Yazma Eserler Kurumu Başkanlığınca neşredilen Muhibbî Divanı’nda yer alan 4118 manzumede musiki ile ilgili unsurlar taranmış ve bunlar içerisinde en çok sözü edilen ney sazının ne tür ilgilerle Muhibbî’nin şiirlerinde yer aldığı değerlendirilmeye çalışılmıştır.
ASSISTÊNCIA À SAÚDE A PACIENTES QUE NECESSITAM DE CUIDADOS PALIATIVOS
Authors: Marques Victor Guilherme Pereira da Silva , Machado Bruno Abilio da Silva , Matos Laisa Garcia , Lima Mariel Wágner Holanda , Santos Marks Passos , Santos Tâmara Trindade de Carvalho , Reis Lisandra Santana Oliveira , Santos Aranin Queiroz de Sousa , Bandeira Larissa de Lima Machado , Veras Roseane Oliveira , Leal Rodrigo Andrade , Santos Tarcísio Gonçalves de Souza , Souza Bruno Santos , Binda Nívia Castro , de Almeida Luiz Fernando , Brito Jhônata Santos
Published: June 2021

O presente estudo tem como objetivo discutir sobre a assistência à saúde a pacientes que necessitam de cuidados paliativos. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, que fez as buscas na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), com o auxílio das bases de dados Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Base de Dados de Enfermagem (BDENF) e PUBMED. Os artigos foram coletados no período de janeiro a fevereiro de 2021. Foram utilizados os descritores: Assistência à saúde, Cuidados Paliativos e Equipe de assistência ao paciente. Após a aplicação dos critérios de inclusão, restaram 25 estudos. Sendo assim, se faz necessário a atuação da equipe multiprofissional nesse cuidado, sempre promovendo saúde através da educação em saúde de forma clara e concisa para o bom entendimento desses indivíduos e agindo com praticidade. Sempre seguindo os protocolos para um cuidado eficaz e com humanização a essas pessoas que precisam, promovendo saúde e tendo esse ato acolhedor nesse momento tão difícil.
Effect of Wallpass Exercise With Groups Of 4 Improving Passing Results Bali United Mataram
Authors: Soemardiawan Soemardiawan , Nurdin Nurdin
Published: June 2021

Football is a sport that is played outside the room of 11 players with the aim of getting the ball into the opponent's goal. The results of observations in the field that there are still many players in passing while competing so that it is not in accordance with the target. The formulation of the problem in this study is whether there is an effect of wallpass training and exercise with groups of 4 to increase the passing results of Bali United Mataram. The purpose of this research is to find out. The research design was a twogroup pretest-postest design. Population and sample are all players totaling 22 people. Instrument Passing for 30 seconds. The research data were analyzed using SPSS version 22. The results of the t-test for group 1 obtained significant values (2-tailed) <0.05: 0.003 <0.05 and group 2 significant values (2-tailed) <0.05: 0.038 <0,05. So these results indicate a significant difference. Based on the test for the difference in the mean post-test data for groups 1 and 2, it was obtained a significant value (2-tailed) <0.05: 0.026 <0.05 with an increase in the percentage value in group 1 of 12.93% and group 2 of 3, 96%. Based on the results of the analysis, it can be concluded that the effect of wallpass training and exercise with groups of 4 is an increase in the passing results of Bali United Mataram in 2021.Keywords: Passing, Wallpass, with groups of 4
La dimensión comunicacional de la lucha de las Madres de Plaza de Mayo” (1977-1984)
Authors:   , Zarranz Luis Emilio
Published: June 2021

Desde su origen, las Madres de Plaza de Mayo irrumpieron en el espacio público, a partir de la ocupación política en la Plaza que les terminó dando el nombre, y con el impulso de diversas acciones de lucha que tenían el propósito de visibilizar su reclamo y amplificarlo. El presente trabajo de investigación surge de la combinación del recorrido académico de Luis Zarranz en la Maestría de Comunicación y Derechos Humanos con su labor profesional en el área de Prensa y Comunicación de la Asociación Madres de Plaza de Mayo, entre los años 2007 y 2019, en estrecha relación con su militancia política en el seno de dicha organización y en el campo de la comunicación autogestiva. Apunta a indagar y reflexionar la producción de sentido de la impactante lucha de las Madres, a partir de sus tácticas y acciones de resistencias y reclamo, en el periodo comprendido entre los años 1977 y 1984, es decir, durante su surgimiento, en plena Dictadura cívico militar, y el inicio del periodo constitucional. Desde esta perspectiva analiza el sentido producido por este colectivo de mujeres que lleva más de cuarenta y tres años de intenso recorrido y que ha marcado una huella en la vida política y social de nuestro país, cuya trascendencia no reconoce fronteras.
The Position of Heterodox Economics in Economic Science
Authors: Matoušková Eleonóra
Published: June 2021

In economic science dominate orthodox economics (mainstream economics respectively neoclassical economics). Despite its numerous intellectual failures, orthodox economics continue to prevail in teaching at universities. A certain alternative to orthodox economics is heterodox economics, which consists of three groups of theoretical approaches, represented by the Left-wing heterodoxy and Neo-Austrian school (we include them together in the Old heterodoxy) and the New heterodoxy. The objective of this article is to define the differences between orthodox economics and heterodox economics, to find common features of individual heterodox approaches and identify substantial differences between them and also highlight the relevance of these heterodox approaches from the point of view of the challenges we are facing today. A common characteristic of heterodoxy is the rejection of orthodoxy, especially its research methods. Heterodox economists reject the axiom that individuals are always rational, the concept of ‘homo economicus’, the application of a formal-deductive approach, the use of mathematical methods in cases that are not appropriate for this, and access from a closed system position. Heterodoxy is a very diverse theoretical tradition, and there are differences not only between the Left-wing heterodoxy, Neo-Austrian school and New heterodoxy, but also within these heterodox groups. They differ on specific topics they deal with and proposed solutions to socio-economic problems.
Post Draw Effects of Prize Bonds’ Investment on Bullion Returns
Authors: Rabbani Malik Ghulam Shabbir , Butt Babar Zaheer
Published: June 2021

The study was conducted with the view to test the impact of cash out flow from the Pakistan Prize Bond market to Gold and Silver markets as a result of the bonds’ draw. The data from July 2007 to June 2019 was selected, which included Returns of Gold and Silver Markets. The data was tested with Event Study and AR, AAR & CAR were calculated. The results of AR & CAR did not endorse both the hypotheses on the basis that significant readings were found both in pre and post draw dates, to rule out any impact of cash flow from Prize Bond market into Gold and Silver markets. Whereas, AAR results were insignificant as such, hence fortifying the inference of rejection of both the hypotheses. So, both the hypotheses of having different returns on prize bond draw dates in Gold and Silver markets were not supported. Though the results were incongruent with the hypotheses, yet study outcomes as such are significant enough to propose regulators to contemplate legislations to fetch more funds from this comparatively cheaper source through enhanced documentation, which ultimately would make the economy more compliant.
Longitudinal Ramsey spectroscopy of atoms for continuous operation of optical clocks
Authors: Katori Hidetoshi
Published: June 2021

We propose a longitudinal Ramsey spectroscopy of atoms in a moving optical lattice. Spatially separated magnetic fields, which open the forbidden

1

S

0

−

3

P

0

transition by mixing with the dipole-allowed states, create Ramsey pulses for a probe laser introduced along the optical lattice. Excitation of atoms in the Lamb-Dicke regime by a single probe laser avoids residual Doppler effects as well as mechanical instabilities that deteriorate Ramsey spectroscopy on an atomic beam. Continuous measurement and control of the probe laser improves the Allan deviation as τ
−1 for an averaging time τ until the quantum projection noise limit is reached. For 88Sr atoms with an atomic flux of 104 s−1, we speculate a clock instability of 5 × 10−16(τ s−1)−1 down to its floor at around 10−18.
Herramientas para la implementación de los lineamientos curriculares
Authors:   Universidad Santiago de Cali, Pérez Galindo Carlos Andrés
Published: June 2021

Este libro colectivo, denominado “Herramientas para la implementación de los lineamientos curriculares”, está basado en las competencias que se deben desarrollar y fortalecer en la educación superior, a partir de las propuestas del Ministerio de Educación Nacional y del ICFES, con el fin de garantizar procesos formativos de calidad.