bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Microbiological analysis of spring water in the Leningrad region
Authors: Bogdanova Olga Yu. , Chernykh Tatiana  F.
Published: March 2023

The article presents the results of microbiological studies of spring water sources of the Priozersky district of the Leningrad region, conducted according to the standards of the new SanPiN. The high interest of the population in the use of spring water as a source of drinking water is noted, an analysis of the modern research of foreign colleagues of spring waters using new molecular-genetic methods is presented. The value of using modern high-tech methods and traditional methods of sanitary-microbiological analysis of spring water is shown. Based on the studies conducted in 2021-2022 in two seasonal periods, a regular increase in the number of mesophilic microorganisms was noted when transitioning from winter to spring-summer, due to an increase in temperature and activation of the biota of soil and water ecosystems. The spring of the village of Romashki was recognized as unsatisfactory in terms of sanitary-microbiological, based on the excess of the norm for the total number of bacteria and the presence in the sample of generalized coliform bacteria. It is noted that the SanPiN recommendations on the quality of drinking water and microbiological control of its quality can be applied to spring and other types of underground water.
Responses to Sad Emotion in Autistic and Normal Developing Children: Is There a Difference?
Authors: Almourad Mohamed Basel , Bataineh Emad , Wattar Zelal
Published: March 2023

This paper describes how the gazing pattern differ between the responses of Normal Developing (ND) and Autistic (AP) children to sad emotion. We employed an eye tracking technology to collect and track the participants’ eye movements by showing a dynamic stimulus (video) that showed a gradual transition from pale emotions to melancholy facial expressions in both female and male faces. The location of the child's gaze in the stimulus was the focus of our data analysis. We deduced that there was a distinction between the two groups based on this. ND children predominantly concentrated on the eyes and mouth region of both male and female sad faces, but AP children showed no interest in these areas by glancing away from the stimuli faces. Based on the findings, an ideal eye tracking model for early ASD diagnosis can be constructed. This will aid in the early treatment of Autism children as well as the development of socio-cognitive skills.
Optical Flow-Based Algorithm Analysis to Detect Human Emotion from Eye Movement-Image Data
Authors: Zizi Tuan Khalisah Tan , Ramli Suzaimah , Wook Muslihah , Shukran Mohd Afizi Mohd
Published: March 2023

One of the popular methods for the recognition of human emotions such as happiness, sadness and shock is based on the movement of facial features. Motion vectors that show these movements can be calculated by using optical flow algorithms. In this method, for detecting emotions, the resulted set of motion vectors is compared with a standard facial movement template caused by human emotional changes. In this paper, a new method is introduced to compute the quantity of likeness towards a particular emotion to make decisions based on the importance of obtained vectors from an optical flow approach. The current study uses a feature point tracking technique separately applied to the five facial image regions (eyebrows, eyes, and mouth) to identify basic emotions. Primarily, this research will be focusing on eye movement regions. For finding the vectors, one of the efficient optical flow methods is using the pre-experiment as explained further below.
Deep Learning in Grapevine Leaves Varieties Classification Based on Dense Convolutional Network
Authors: Ahmed Hunar A. , Hama Hersh M. , Jalal Shayan I. , Ahmed Mohammed H.
Published: March 2023

Grapevine leaves are utilized worldwide in a vast range of traditional cuisines. As their price and flavor differ from kind to kind, recognizing various species of grapevine leaves is becoming an essential task. In addition, the differentiation between grapevine leaf types by human sense is difficult and time-consuming. Thus, building a machine learning model to automate the grapevine leaf classification is highly beneficial. Therefore, this is the primary focus of this work. This paper uses a CNN-based model to classify grape leaves by adapting DenseNet201. This study investigates the impact of layer freezing on the performance of DenseNet201 throughout the fine-tuning process. This work used a public dataset consist of 500 images with 5 different classes (100 images per class). Several data augmentation methods used to expand the training set. The proposed CNN model, named DenseNet-30, outperformed the existing grape leaf classification work that the dataset borrowed from by achieving 98% overall accuracy.
Fruit culture growth in Northeast Brazil and its relationship with work
Authors: Costa Bruna Penha , Carvalho Alysson Oliveira de , Macedo Júnior Eurides Kuster , Tsutsumi Cláudio Yuji , Rego Carlos Augusto Rocha de Moraes , Vilanova da Costa Neumarcio
Published: March 2023

Fruit growing in Brazil enhances regional development, as it generates income and absorbs local labor. The Brazilian Northeast presents ideal edaphoclimatic conditions for the development of several fruit trees, mainly in irrigated areas. The objective was to analyze the educational level and the relationship between the wages of men and women employed in the fruit sector, in the Northeast region of Brazil. The selected crops were those of coconut, mango and grape, between the years 2001 to 2018; literacy rate and level of education in Brazil and the northeast region, the relationship between male and female genders, percentage of women in formal jobs in the years 2004 to 2015 and average monthly income in Brazil and the Northeast region and male and female genders in the years 2012 to 2015. There was a reduction in the area cultivated with coconut, however there was no increase in the area for mango and grape crops. Regarding the harvested area, the coconut crop showed a larger cultivated area, however, this area has been gradually reduced. In mango and grape crops, no variations were detected in the harvested areas. As for the average production, the grape crop has higher productivity. In the percentage of formal jobs, literacy and level of education of women, both nationally and regionally, there was a linear growth and higher than those of men. It is concluded that between men and women in the Northeast region, the salary difference was R$ 354.00, even with women with a higher educational level.
Quality of Brosimum gaudichaudii seedlings and seeds collected in two different locations
Authors: Ribeiro Alcy Flávia Silva , Silva Givanildo Zildo da , Machado Carla Gomes , Dias Daniela Pereira
Published: March 2023

The seed provenance can interfere with their size, as well as in the growth of saplings and susceptibility to stress. The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of Brosimum gaudichaudii Trécul seeds and seedlings obtained from two different locations. Seeds were collected in two municipalities in the state of Goiás - Iporá and Jataí, in 2018. Individual seed size mass and dimension, seedling emergence percentage and speed, as well as initial growth, leaf chlorophyll index, biomass and seedling quality index (SQI) were determined. Such parameters were determined at 40, 70, 100, 130, 160 and 190 days after sowing (DAS). Individual size mass and dimension of seed collected in Iporá were superior to those collected in Jataí. Despite this, the seedling emergence percentage and seedling mortality were not affected by the different origins of seeds. As expected, there was increase in height, stem diameter and number of leaves of seedlings during the analyzed period, on the other hand, the chlorophyll index remained constant. The initial growth of seedlings differed between origins. The dry biomass did not vary between seedlings from the different origins, with greater allocation of biomass in roots. The SQI of seedlings produced from seeds collected in Iporá was higher than those collected in Jataí. Despite the quality verified for seeds and seedlings from the two origins, seeds collected in Iporá presented larger dimensions than those collected in Jataí, generating seedlings with greater initial growth and higher quality.
OVE's 2022 Annual Report: Contributions from Evaluation toward Improving the Bank’s Development Effectiveness
Authors: González Arias María Cristina , Linares Ana María , Andrieu Francisco , Szwedzki Roni , Arévalo Josette , Pires Jose Claudio Linhares , Gotz Gunnar , Yamamoto Chiaki , Riveros Luisa , Fleiss Pablo , King Dana Michael , Salim Emil , Ahumada Alejandro , Barcellos Andreia , De Santis Stefania , Garay Ingrid
Published: March 2023

The 2022 Annual Report by the Office of Evaluation and Oversight (OVE), Contributions from Evaluation toward Improving the Bank's Development Effectiveness, highlights findings and lessons from the different evaluations and products conducted throughout the year. It also presents the scope of the work dedicated to evaluation capacity development (ECD), knowledge, and dissemination efforts. We also preview the 2023-2024 work program, approved by the Boards of Executive Directors of the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) and IDB Invest.
Uruguay: el extraordinario recorrido de un líder ambiental
Authors: Bendersky Matías , Brusa Federico
Published: March 2023

Uruguay ha demostrado que la apuesta por la sostenibilidad es compatible e incluso conducente al crecimiento económico. En los últimos 30 años, el país ha reducido las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero (GEI) de sus sectores económicos en más del 40% y se ubica hoy como líder mundial en la proporción de electricidad proveniente de fuentes renovables, llegando a alcanzar hasta un 98%. Además, gracias a sus esfuerzos para conservar su capital natural, ha logrado invertir en tecnologías innovadoras y prácticas agroindustriales sostenibles para suplir la creciente demanda mundial por sus productos sin incurrir en deforestación ni generar mayor impacto ambiental. Esta historia de éxito ha sido el resultado de políticas nacionales y departamentales sólidas que han contado con respaldo pluripartidista; de un fuerte involucramiento del sector privado y la sociedad civil, quienes han acogido favorablemente los conceptos de sostenibilidad; y de proyectos ambiciosos que desde el Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo (BID) nos ha complacido poder apoyar.
COVID-19, Firm Innovation Strategy, and Production Efficiency: A Stochastic Frontier Analysis of Caribbean Firms
Authors: Mohan Preeya , Strobl Eric
Published: March 2023

While Caribbean Small Island Developing States (SIDS) have been exposed to frequent external shocks in the past, the Coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is like no other, representing the largest economic shock experienced globally in decades. The objective of this paper is to contribute to a better understanding of the innovation strategy and production efficiency of Caribbean firms during COVID-19. More specifically, it adopted a Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA) to investigate COVID-19, innovation, and technical efficiency for 13 Caribbean countries using the Innovation, Firm Performance, and Gender (IFPG) firm-level dataset. The results indicate that firms expect average technical efficiency to fall by over 100 percent because of COVID-19. Pre-COVID-19, 39 percent of firms implemented general innovations (product, process, organizational, and marketing) over the past three years, and 50 percent green innovations (environmental improvements), while the pandemic negatively affected 42 percent of these innovations. Firms that carried out general innovations experienced a positive effect on technical efficiency, while green innovations had a negative effect. During COVID-19 only 12 percent of firms initiated general innovations and 17 percent green innovations. These general innovations improved technical efficiency, while innovations that were affected by COVID-19 had a negative effect, and green innovations did not necessarily have a positive effect.
The Correlation between Binaural Interaction Component of the Auditory Brainstem Response and Total Score of the Persian Version of the Spatial Hearing Questionnaire
Authors: Hazavei Seyede Mohadeseh , Rouhbakhsh Nematollah , Heidari Atta , Jalaie Shohreh
Published: March 2023

Background and Aim: People with spatial hearing impairment have difficulty perception   of speech in the presence of noise, sound localization, and estimating the distance from the sound source. In this study, the comparison between amplitude and latency of the Binaural Interaction Component of the Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR-BIC) with the total score of the Persian version of the Spatial Hearing Questionnaire (SHQ) in adults with normal hearing and moderate sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) was evaluated.
Methods: In this cross-sectional comparative study 55, 18–45-year-old individuals including 35 of normal hearing and 20 moderate SNHL participated. All participants underwent the assessments of medical history, otoscopy, conventional audiometry, tympanometry, SHQ questionnaire, and auditory brainstem response (ABR).
Results: There was no significant correlation between the amplitude and latency of the ABR- BIC and the Persian version of the SHQ in normal groups (r=–0.085, r=0.116) and in moderate SNHL groups (r=0.030, r=0.119). The mean value of ABR-BIC range of people with normal hearing and SNHL is statistically significant (p=0.001).
Conclusion: The results showed that the amplitude and latency of ABR-BIC were not correlated with the Persian version of the SHQ in people with normal hearing and with moderate SNHL but statistically significant between the mean amplitude and latency of ABR- BIC in people with normal hearing and people with hearing loss.
Keywords: Auditory brainstem response; spatial hearing questionnaire; binaural interaction component; spatial hearing; spatial hearing disorder
Test-retest Reliability of Various Psychoacoustic Tests in Psycon Application
Authors: Mathew Supriya , Banumathi  , Kumar Sandeep , Tanniru Kishore , Jain Chandni
Published: March 2023

Background and Aim: Psychoacoustics includes studying the perceived effects of changes in sound intensity, temporal, and frequency aspects that are critical for speech perception. Psycon is one such software used in studies to assess psychoacoustic abilities. Psycon has the potential for wide clinical applications in psychoacoustic research and relies on Auditory syntaX (AUX), a program designed specifically to handle auditory signals. The current study aimed to determine the test-retest reliability of the Psycon application for differential sensitivity measures of frequency, intensity, duration and silence.
Methods: The study included 39 participants with normal hearing sensitivity. Psychoacoustic measures, namely, gap detection threshold, duration discrimination threshold, difference limen of intensity, and difference limen of frequency, were used to assess test-retest reliability. The test-retest reliability of all measures was checked in two separate sessions within one day.
Results: The reliability of each measure was measured using Cronbach’s alpha. Test-retest reliability of various psychoacoustic tests measured with Psycon ranges from good to excellent. difference limen of frequency had the highest reliability, followed by duration discrimination thresholds, difference limen of intensity, and gap detection thresholds.
Conclusion: Psycon appears to be a reliable tool for assessing different psychoacoustic abilities.
Keywords: Psycon; psychoacoustics; reliability; difference limen; perception
Fracture Resistance of Zirconia Restorations with Four Different Framework Designs
Authors: Tavakolizadeh Sara , Yazdani Najmeh , Ghoveizi Rahab , Mohammadi Abolghasem , Beyabanaki Elaheh , Koulivand Soudabeh
Published: March 2023

Objectives: This study assessed the fracture resistance of zirconia crowns with four framework designs, fabricated by computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technology.
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, a maxillary central incisor was prepared and scanned with a CAD/CAM scanner, and 40 frameworks with 4 designs (N=10) were fabricated as follows: simple core, dentine core with a design similar to dentine, 3mm trestle design collar in the lingual aspect with proximal buttresses, and monolithic or full-contour. After porcelain applying and 20h immersion in distilled water (37°C), crowns were cemented on metal dies using zinc phosphate cement. Fracture resistance was measured by a universal testing machine. Data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA (alpha=0.05).
Results: Fracture resistance was maximum in the monolithic group, followed by the dentine core, trestle design, and simple core groups, respectively. The mean fracture resistance of the monolithic group was significantly higher than that of the simple core group (P<0.005).
Conclusion: Zirconia restorations with frameworks that provided higher and more support for porcelain, showed increased fracture resistance.
The Effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioral Stress Management on Health-Related Quality of Life, Diabetes Management Self-Efficacy, and Treatment Adherence in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Motaghi Samaneh , Rahimian Boogar Isaac , Moradi Shahab , Setoodeh Asl Nemat
Published: March 2023

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral stress management (CBSM) on health-related quality of life (HRQOL), self-efficacy of diabetes management, and adherence to treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes.
Materials and Methods: The present study was a semi-experimental study with a control group. The research samples included 30 patients with type 2 diabetes. Data collection tools in this study included the Boyer & Earp quality of life (QOL) scale for patients with diabetes (D-39), the diabetes management self-efficacy scale (DMSES), and treatment adherence questionnaire in patients with chronic diseases. The CBSM therapy was performed in 8 sessions for the experimental group. To analyze the data, a univariate analysis of covariance was used with SPSS-23 software.
Results: The results showed that the CBSM had a significant effect on the overall health-based QOL (F=8.620; P=0.007), diabetes management self-efficacy (F=12.021; P=0.002), and treatment adherence (F=83.253; P=0.0001). In addition, the CBSM has a significant effect on diabetes control (F=8.932; P=0.007), anxiety and worry (F=5.023; P=0.035), and sexual functioning (F=7.611; P=0.011), diet (F=10.041; P=0.004), therapeutic regimen (F=24.250; P=0.0001), making effort for treatment (F=22.987; P=0.0001), intention to take the treatment (F=108.001; P=0.0001), adaptability (F=28.704; P=0.0001), and integrating illness into life (F=38.263; P=0.0001).
Conclusion: The CBSM intervention can be used to improve health-based QOL, diabetes management self-efficacy, and treatment adherence in type 2 diabetes patients.
Effect of Concurrent Resistance-Aerobic Training on Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio and Platelet-Lymphocyte Ratio in Pediatric Type 1 Diabetes: A Randomized Trial
Authors: Nazari Marzieh , Shabani Ramin , Dalili Setila
Published: March 2023

Objective: The role of post-exercise on the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) is not evident in pediatrics with type 1 diabetes (T1D) yet. This paper reports the results of a research study on how concurrent exercise training affects NLR and PLR in children with T1D.
 Materials and Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, 40 children (boys and girls aged 11.11 ±2.29 years) were randomly divided into an experimental (n=20) and a control group (n=20). The training program included concurrent resistance-aerobic training, which was intermittently performed for 60 minutes at a rate of three times a week for 16 weeks. The participants were analyzed for blood glucose homeostasis, NLR and PLR before and after the program. Data were analyzed by SPSS 22 software with paired T-test and covariance analysis (P< 0.05).
Results: The results showed that PLR significantly (P= 0.002) decreased in the exercise group after 16 weeks of concurrent training. This significance was observed between the groups too (P= 0.003). HbA1c decreased both in the exercise group and between the groups (P= 0.001, P= 0.003). NLR exhibited a significant increase both in the exercise group (P= 0.021) and between the groups (P= 0.012.)
Conclusion: Concurrent exercise training reduces PLR and HbA1c in children with T1D, which may be related to the anti-inflammatory effects of exercise training.
Predictors of Dengue Preventive Practices Based on Precaution Adoption Process Model among Health Care Professionals in Northwest of Iran
Authors: Firooziyan Samira , Sadeghi Roya , Sabouri Maryam , Tol Azar , Rikhtehgar Ehsan , Fathi Behrouz , Sedaghat Mohammad Mehdi
Published: March 2023

Background: Dengue fever as a mosquito-borne disease, has rapidly spread due to climate change, globalization, and human behavior. Iran is prone to dengue fever, as its vector recently has been found in the country. This study aimed to assess predictors of dengue preventive practices based on Precaution Adoption Process Model (PAPM) factors in West Azerbaijan province, northwest of Iran.
Methods: This cross-sectional study conducted on 405 health professionals of communicable disease sector who were interested in study participation. Data-gathering instrument was an online researcher-made questionnaire consisting of demographic characteristics (11 items), questions based on PAPM, and dengue preventive practices (85 items). Content validity and reliability of the instrument, content validity ratio, content validity index, and Cronbach α were utilized, respectively. Descriptive, analytical, and regression analysis using SPSS and STATA were examined.     
Results: Regression analysis revealed that awareness of appropriate actions for dengue prevention was a stronger pre­dictor of preventive practice in borderline and appropriate categories (β= 4.09, p< 0.001) and (β= 4.42, p< 0.001), re­spectively. Among factors of PAPM, beliefs about precaution effectiveness and difficulty in borderline (β= 1.04, p= 0.04) and appropriate (β= 1.12, p= 0.03) groups had direct and significant relation with dengue preventive practice.
Conclusion: The highest mean score of beliefs about hazard likelihood and severity factor was related to dengue pre­vention. Therefore, theory-based interventions that address beliefs about precaution effectiveness and difficulty can lead to assistance in acting. To improve dengue preventive practices, a well-designed promotive intervention that addresses associated factors in a context-specific manner is essential.
The Impact of the Significance of the General Pronunciation on the Rule of Usury Through the Book of Interpretations of the Ahmadiyya Lamla Jeon "T 1130 AH"
Authors: Abdel Razzaq Nibras Mahmoud , Odeh Sohaib Abbas
Published: March 2023

Praise be to God. We praise Him and seek His assistance, guidance, and forgiveness; we seek refuge in God from the evils of our actions and thoughts. He whom God guides is not misled, and he who misleads him, there is no guide for him. As for the legal rulings that are the basis of our life that God Almighty has drawn for us and approved by His servants, scholars must understand these rulings and communicate them to the people. The early scholars were keen to sit down to elicit and understand these rulings, so it is not possible to judge something as permissible or forbidden without referring to it. These rules, and among these basic rules, are the semantics of the words that are indispensable to any scholar who is diligent about them. Everyone who addresses fatwas and interpretation must be familiar with these rules, and the general significance is one of the basic semantics sections, which is the significance in terms of the situation where it determines who is covered by the speech. To demonstrate this type of connotation, we took an example that we hear constantly now due to its widespread prevalence among us, and we shed light on the impact of the general connotation in this ruling and how the legislator used it to abolish this treatment to preserve the society. To achieve the best result, we divided the research into several demands: The first requirement: introducing Mullah Jun, the Hanafi Indian scholar (died 1130 AH), and his book (Al-Tafsir al-Ahmadiyya). The second requirement: we have defined the general term and its form and significance according to scholars and their disagreements about it. The third requirement: we dealt with the effect of the general significance in deducing the ruling on the prohibition of usury. The fourth requirement is concerned with the effect of general significance in interpreting the meaning of usury. The fifth requirement: is the reason for the interest. We have concluded this research with the most important results we have reached, including the absolute prohibition of usury and the absence of exceptions or licenses in this ruling. And with this, we have concluded this research with the praise of God Almighty.
Keywords: general connotation, usury, Mullah Jeon, Ahmadi interpretations
Provisions Related to Wind in Prayer and Fasting - A Comparative Jurisprudence Study
Authors: Hammadi Al-Jawani Muhammad Najib
Published: March 2023

Praise be to God, and prayers and peace be upon our Prophet Muhammad, his family and companions, and those who are guided by his guidance, and after. The research deals with the most important jurisprudential issues related to wind in the books on prayer and fasting. This is done by dividing it into two: First is the introduction, where I explain the reason for choosing this topic and its division. Second are the five topics, which are as follows: -First topic: The definition of the wind, linguistics, idioms, and the legal etiquette that a Muslim should follow when the wind blows. -Second topic: The consensus of the imams of the five madhhabs in inferring the knowledge of the qiblah through the winds, and their differences regarding the issue of revealing the private parts of the worshiper because of the wind. -Third topic: One of the excuses that allows one to miss the congregational prayer is the strong winds at night, and it is not permissible to combine the two prayers (Maghrib and Isha) because of the strong winds. -Fourth topic: When the winds are moderate, they have a clear and well-known effect in transmitting the voice of the muezzin to people. And it is desirable to pray alone, not in the congregation, for all the natural calamities such as earthquakes, throwing planets, strong winds, thunderbolts, and great darkness. -Fifth topic: I explained that if road dust enters one's throat during fasting, because of the wind or the hooves of animals, their fast does not break. - Lastly, I concluded the research with the most important results I reached. God bless you.
Keywords: rulings, wind, prayer, fasting, jurisprudence, comparison
Use of the Quranic Texts in the Footnotes Authors of Sibawayh's Kitab
Authors: Meni'm Hanshal Nada , Al-Dulaimi Omar Ali
Published: March 2023

This study deals with the use of Qur'anic Arabic grammar by the authors of the Hawashi Sibawayh book. The Qur'anic concepts of grammar are the basis for the origin of the Arabic language and play a pivotal role in verifying and documenting it. The Holy Quran is the closest linguistic text in the Arabic language, hence, the main reason for the emergence of grammatical studies. It is feared by Muslim scholars that the wrong pronunciation of Qur'anic verses can lead to a critical misinterpretation of Qur'anic concepts and change the judgments derived from them. Therefore, scholars have now turned to studying the language, narrating the poems, and classifying the linguistic material in the Holy Qur'an and adjusting its texts and correcting its readings. In this study, we try to highlight the use of the Qur'anic grammar by the first scholars and indicate their interest in employing it. It was found that the authors of the Hawashi Sibawayh employ a large number of Qur'anic verses to prove the grammatical rules and sometimes cite poetic evidence and then document it. They have adopted the division of the Sibawayh, so they do not deviate from its classifications, however, some authors of the book disagree with Sibawayh in the permissibility of kindness in conjunction with two factors, and employed the Qur'anic evidence to show the frequent omission of the verb of saying in the Holy Qur'an. The study also proves that Abu Bakr al-Sarraj authorized the distinction to be one or plural, as the distinctive was not a number. Abu Ali al-Farsi employed Qur'anic evidence to prove the validity of Sibawayh's argument that (or), be in the sense of (and). This research is an important study as it highlights the use of Qur'anic grammatical evidence in the books of leading Arabic scholars.
Keywords: recruitment, evidence, grammar, Qur'an, language
The Role of Social Media in Spreading the Holy Qur'an
Authors: Khallaf Jallab Asmaa , Hameed Thamer , Abed Al-Isawi Mohammed Jasim
Published: March 2023

The current era is also known as the digital age, where highly developed satellites and the global internet are nascent of the modern information revolution. The digital age has impacted all activities and life areas and has become a reality. Moreover, it is inevitable and has a major role in influencing the users, whether this is a positive or negative influence, social networking sites such as Facebook, YouTube, and Instagram have attracted millions of Internet users. In recent times, it has evolved to become the most widespread and used network among Internet pioneers; especially adolescents and young people who have been liberated from the social reality restrictions category and became more free to express themselves through interaction by means of social networking, which has eventually become the users own culture, views, trends, and has affected their behavior in all aspects. Each technique, with its pros and cons, offers social networking a lot of features and services that can bring significant benefits such as an abundance of information and speed of communicating with others. At the same time can be used for bad purposes such as spreading rumors and extremist ideas, due primarily to the same user, and how his education and upbringing can get him awareness and knowledge of the risk and disadvantages of social networking when he uses it. The research deals with the role of media in community awareness, especially for adolescents and young people, the hazards of using social media, and how to face them. It requires a comprehensive strategy overseen by the concerned authorities in the country, focusing on the moral, religious, social, cultural, economic, political dimensions, science, and security. This paper is concerned with using social media to serve the Holy Quran sciences. It was based on presenting reading for social media that receive wide attention from individuals, given that it is easy to use, it went far from that by being used in different sciences and educational domains. This emerged by using it in teaching the rules of reciting the Holy Quran as one of its most important sciences. The lessons of the rules of recitation that were posted on Facebook are characterized by diversity and universality, and any user can benefit from them and grasp the content. For reason that it changed the traditional function of teaching the Holy Quran. The teaching process became a participatory one, where all the users can contribute and exchange information, in order to reach a mutual understanding of what is published from the lessons.
Keywords: influence, role, service, internet, networks social communication, creation, development, Holy Quran, science
Reflexões sobre o fenômeno da gastro-anomia na alimentação contemporânea
Authors: Gründler Jaqueline Valerim
Published: March 2023

O objetivo do trabalho foi compreender o fenômeno da gastro-anomia, como isso se aplica na alimentação contemporânea, e avaliar os impactos deste fenômeno na identidade, geração e manutenção de laços sociais de uma população. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa e de caráter exploratório através de revisão bibliográfica. Foram selecionadas publicações em bases de dados do scielo e google acadêmico entre os anos de 2007 e 2016, utilizando as consideradas de maior relevância pela autora da pesquisa. Buscou-se conceituar primeiramente o alimento, a alimentação, a culinária e a sua importância na sociabilidade e construção da identidade de uma população. Estudos mostraram que as novas decisões alimentares dos indivíduos e de determinados grupos sociais fomentaram o fenômeno da gastro-anomia, trazendo consequências físicas e simbólicas, e exigindo uma reorganização das práticas de comensalidade e sociabilidade.
A INDICAÇÃO DE MELHORES PRÁTICAS PROTETIVAS E PREVENTIVAS PARA DERMATOSES POR CONTATO COM CIMENTO NOS TRABALHADORES DA CONSTRUÇÃO CIVIL
Authors: Leite Pereira Mariana
Published: March 2023

A Dermatose ocupacional é qualquer alteração na pele e mucosas que direta ou indiretamente são causadas pelos agentes presentes na atividade ocupacional ou no ambiente de trabalho. O cimento Portland é obtido através da queima de uma mistura definida de rocha calcária e argila, até sua fusão incipiente, resultando em uma substância denominada clínquer. O pó de cimento é extremamente irritante de natureza alcalina, higroscópica e abrasiva, que quando molhado se torna ainda mais irritante e pode causar casos de dermatose de contato por irritação. Todos estes problemas podem ser minimizados com o devido fornecimento de (EPI’s) que, conforme a Norma Regulamentadora - NR n° 06, que trata de Equipamento de Proteção Individual, é todo o dispositivo de uso individual feito para a proteção a riscos suscetíveis que ameaçam a saúde e a segurança do trabalhador. O artigo é uma revisão bibliográfica sobre o tema Dermatose Ocupacional por Contato com Cimento, ressaltando acerca da necessidade de utilização de EPI´s à prevenção da segurança e saúde do trabalhador.
Assessment of Awareness Level of e-NAM among the Jute Farmers of Cooch Behar District in West Bengal
Authors: Barman Dipankar , Katoch Sonali , M. Anoop,
Published: March 2023

Background: The government of India launched e-NAM in 2016 with the concept to unify nationwide agricultural markets by creating a central online platform. More than six years have passed since the inception of the scheme, yet the studies claim the unawareness among stakeholders regarding e-NAM. Thus, the present study is an attempt to assess the level of awareness about e-NAM in the Cooch Behar district of West Bengal among Jute farmers. Methods: The study was conducted with the help of primary data collected from 80 farmers of Cooch Behar district, selected through a multistage sampling technique. Awareness level is operationalised on a percentage basis and logistic regression is used to examine the factors affecting awareness about e-NAM. Result: The findings revealed that 56.25 per cent of sample farmers were found unaware, 23.75 per cent were moderately aware and 20 per cent were aware of the e-NAM. The farmers were unaware of the basic facilities and technologies available under e-NAM. The significant factors affecting awareness are access to market information, education level, distance to the nearest mandi and participation at training/awareness camps. The concerned APMCs should put extra effort into raising awareness of e-marketing.
Guided inquiry-based model on pre-service teachers conceptual understanding of learning invertebrate zoology
Authors: Abza Ageze , Wodaj Habtamu , Edessa Sutuma
Published: March 2023

The purpose of the current study was to investigate the effects of the guided inquiry-based instructional model (GIBIM) on pre-service biology teachers’ conceptual understanding of invertebrate zoology learning. The research study used a quantitative research method. The study used a non-equivalent quasi-experimental pre-test, post-test group design. Three intact classes were assigned into a treatment group-1, treatment group-2, and comparison group. The groups were taught for eight consecutive weeks with a GIBIM and conventional teaching method, respectively. The data were collected with invertebrate zoology conceptual understanding test items and administered pre-test and post-test. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA. The study result revealed that there were significant differences between groups in concept understanding of invertebrate zoology learning. The normalized gains of pre-service biology teachers in the treatment groups were also higher than a comparison group. Henceforth, the GIBIM has sound effect on pre-service biology teachers, understanding of invertebrate zoology concepts.
Keywords: conceptual understanding; conventional method; guided inquiry; invertebrate zoology; pre-service teachers
Internalization of green social work on the protection education curriculum and social empowerment in Indonesia
Authors: Ramdani Jaka , Junaidi Febi , Saputra Aldi Dwi
Published: March 2023

In this new era, the Ministry of Social Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia through the Bandung Social Welfare Polytechnic developed a Social Protection and Empowerment curriculum that is internalized with Green Social Work in producing social worker practitioners. In the previous curriculum, the non-physical environment was not a special concern in the educational curriculum. This paper discusses the increasingly visible movement to expand social work’s connection to the environment and the calls for greater professional engagement in this area. The researchers aim to explore, using the qualitative method. The key informants and supporters came from educational curriculum developers at the Social Welfare Polytechnic, students, and alumni. The results showed that the Green Social Work education curriculum for undergraduate students of social work had excellent outputs. In addition, through the Green Social Work curriculum, it can respond to and deal with contemporary problems such as handling vulnerable communities to the impacts of climate change and having environmentally friendly professional capabilities.
Keywords: Green social work, social empowerment, social Protection, social welfare, policy.
Testing effectiveness of social mobility and communication orientation model using problem-based learning for the visual impairment students
Authors: Andajani Sri Joeda , Sartinah Endang Pudjiastuti , Sumbawati Meini Sondang , Pamuji Pamuji , Niratama Fairus
Published: March 2023

This study aims to test the effectiveness of the social mobility and communication orientation model based on internet mobile application technology (IT-SMCOM) for problem-based learning in Universitas Negeri Surabaya (Unesa) campus environment. This research method measures the effectiveness of internet mobile application technology for problem-based learning in Unesa campus environment. The results of expert validation test data and performance tests were analyzed using a descriptive form of percentage assessment of the observer team. The test results of media product experts and practitioners scored 100% excellently, and Special Education experts scored 87%. Then the effectiveness test through main field testing five visually impaired students affected by the Covid 19 pandemic scored 93% excellent (1 person), a score of 75%  good (2 people), and a score of 62% adequate (2 people). Operational field testing, ten people from the Indonesian visual impairment association group and the Surabaya and Sidoarjo inclusive high school groups scored 100% excellent (one person), score 94% very good (three people), score 81% good (one person) and score 81%-84% very good (three people), score 65%- 70% adequate (two people), The conclusion of the results of data analysis of expert validation tests, practitioners suggest that the product is feasible to be tested in the field. The product effectiveness test shows that the product trial results depend on the development of the behavior and characteristics of each individual with visual impairment.
Keywords: visual impairment, social, mobility, orientation, communication
Notes on Contributors
Authors: Cabral Lídia , Sauer Sérgio , Shankland Alex
Published: March 2023

This is the Notes on Contributors for IDS Bulletin 54.1: Frontier Territories: Countering the Green Revolution Legacy in the Brazilian Cerrado.
Environmental Policy Reform and Water Grabbing in an Agricultural Frontier in the Brazilian Cerrado
Authors: Leme da Silva Andréa , Eloy Ludivine , Rosane Aguiar Oliveira Karla , Coelho Filho Osmar , Rogério Beltrão dos Santos Marcos
Published: March 2023

The spread of soy monoculture in the Brazilian Cerrado relies on land and water grabbing, although water appropriation is a least studied issue in the current literature. A mixed-methods approach was used to study changes in water use in western Bahia and the evolution of water and environmental standards over the last 20 years. The results show that the deregulation of environmental laws by the Bahia state Institute for the Environment and Water Resources (Instituto do Meio Ambiente e Recursos Hidricos, INEMA) has facilitated deforestation and water grabbing for large-scale irrigation by industrial agriculture. The social dynamics of struggles and resistance to this process was also analysed. The results show that water appropriation in the neoliberal agricultural frontiers of the Cerrado has changed not only water use and flows but also water governance systems, flows of power, and the representations that underpin them.
Evaluation of Publications on Pineal Tumor from a Bibliometric Perspective
Authors: AKAR Ali
Published: March 2023

There are still many unknowns about the classification, diagnosis, and treatment of pineal tumors. The aim of this study was to review the accumulated knowledge of pineal tumors to guide future research. Web of Science (WoS) Core Collection was used to access the articles, and the Vosviewer package program was used for visualizations. The results showed that, between 1970 and December 2022, the WoS database indexed 1103 publications and 668 articles on pineal tumors. 92,365% of the articles were published in journals within the scope of the Science Citation Index Expanded. 798 institutions and 2,841 authors contributed to the pineal tumors literature. The most important contributions to the literature on pineal tumors were made by institutions in France and the United States. The majority of the articles were from the USA (n=190, 28.443%), Japan (n=111, 16.617%), and France (n=62, 9.281%). The number of articles were irregular in each per year. However, more citations have been made, especially since 2010. In this study, the studies on pineal tumors in the world were examined and the main underlied issues were tried to be emphasized. In addition, it has been observed that the scientific and industrial sectors should cooperate in order to increase the allocated resources for multidisciplinary researches.
CLAVES DICOTÓMICAS
Authors: Burelo Ramos Carlos Manuel , Cid Martínez Marcela Alejandra
Published: March 2023

Una clave dicotómica es una secuencia organizada, de manera lógica, en la que se exponen características opuestas (duales) y excluyentes mediante el uso de caracteres morfológicos (micro y macro morfológicos, medidas morfométricas y caracteres merísticos) y el estado de estos; cuya utilidad es la identificación de manera precisa que se pretende sea de manera rápida de una especie o taxón especifico. En este trabajo se exponen las características básicas para su elaboración y uso, como por ejemplo, el empleo de un vocabulario técnico sencillo, el empleo de gerundios y participios entre otras.
Night-Time Noise and Sleep Quality in an Internal Medicine Ward in Portugal: An Observational Study
Authors: Alves Mariana , Monteiro Emília , Nogueira Margarida , Távora Catarina , Sarmento Francisca , Marques Macedo Inês , Gomez Nayive , Fonseca Teresa , Nunes Silva Glória
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Hospitals should provide a quiet environment to promote patient healing and well-being. However, published data indicates that World Health Organization’s guidelines are frequently not met. The aim of the present study was to quantify night-time noise levels in an internal medicine ward and evaluate sleep quality, as well as the use of sedative drugs.Material and Methods: Prospective observational study in an acute internal medicine ward. Between April 2021 and January 2022, on random days, noise was recorded using a smartphone app (Apple® iOS, Decibel X). Night-time noise was recorded from 10 p.m. to 8 a.m. During the same period, hospitalized patients were invited to respond to a questionnaire regarding their sleep quality.Results: A total of 59 nights were recorded. The average noise level recorded was 55 dB with a minimum of 30 dB and a maximum of 97 dB. Fifty-four patients were included. An intermediate score for night-time sleep quality (35.45 out of 60) and noise perception (5.26 out of 10) was reported. The main reasons for poor sleep were related to the presence of other patients (new admission, acute decompensation, delirium, and snoring), followed by equipment, staff noise and surrounding light. Nineteen patients (35%) were previous users of sedatives, and during hospitalization 41 patients (76%) were prescribed sedatives.Conclusion: The noise levels detected in the internal medicine ward were higher than the levels recommended by the World Health Organization. Most patients were prescribed sedatives during hospitalization.
Fundamental factors and stock price volatility of listed banking firms in Nigeria
Authors: Edet INIM Victor , Abdulrazak MOHAMMED , FRANK Bassey Ime
Published: March 2023

The study examined the impact of fundamental factors on the stock prices of Nigeria's listed banking sector companies. Using panel data analysis, the effects of five fundamental variables on share prices of listed banks in Nigeria, which include return on assets (ROA), return on equity (ROE), earnings per share (EPS), dividend per share (DPS), and growth in net interest income (NII), as well as two control variables (firm size and firm age), were analyzed. Data were gathered from eleven sampled banks' annual reports from 2006 to 2020. Based on the Hausman test, fixed effect model was estimated and regression results indicated that the coefficients of ROE, EPS, DPS, NII and SIZE were positive but ROE and SIZE were statistically not significant. On the other hand, the coefficients of ROA and AGE were negative but statistically significant. The study recommended that; regulators should pay attention to earnings management by banks to monitor any attempts to smooth dividend; existing shareholders should pay more attention on high dividend paying banks for capital gain; and boards of directors of banks should strive to maintain adequate dividend payment, specifically by reducing the proportion of yearly retain earnings while minimizing cost.