bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DISIMILLAR LAP JOINT FRICTION STIR WELDING (FSW) USING VARIED LENGTH OF PIN
Authors:   Sekolah Vokasi Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, SETIAWAN WIDIA , PASARIBU BERNADO ,   Sekolah Vokasi Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, BADARUDIN THOHA MUHAMMAD ,   Sekolah Vokasi Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, KETUT PUDJA GUSTI ,   Sekolah Vokasi Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, SANTOSO NUGROHO ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering Sanata Dharma University, Yogyakarta, JATI ISWORO ,   Sekolah Vokasi Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta
Published: December 2021

The lap joint will be used on aluminum 6061 and 10 mm thick brass with the Friction Stir Welding method. The probe used is EMS 45 steel with variations in pin lengths of 11 mm, 11.5 mm and 12 mm. The results of this study are in length 11.5 mm with the highest Vickers hardness value of 104.26 VHn compared to 11 mm and 12 mm pin length is 98.93 VHn and 70.43 VHn. The results of shear stress are 67.32 MPa at 12 mm pin length, higher than the 11 mm and 11.5 mm pin lengths of 40.2 MPa and 42.14 MPa.
Evaluation of validity of scoring systems in diagnosing acute appendicitis: a single centre prospective observational study
Authors: Natesan S. Rakesh , Kumar A. Naren
Published: December 2021

Background: Acute appendicitis is a very common cause of acute abdominal pain, requiring surgical intervention with a 7% life time risk. Various clinical scoring systems like Alvarado, appendicitis inflammatory response (AIR), Tzanaki scores enables risk stratification. In this study, we have validated the diagnostic accuracy of various scoring systems like Alvarado, Tzanaki and AIR scores.  Methods: We conducted a prospective observational study for patients admitted in a tertiary care hospital. A total of 81 patients were selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. A detailed clinical history, physical examination, relevant blood investigations and necessary imaging were done for all the patients. Using the above data, the probability of acute appendicitis is calculated using the Alvarado, Tzanaki and AIR scores. The various scores obtained were compared with the histopathological examination (HPE) reports (reference standard) and values like sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values (PPV and NPV) were calculated.Results: With regard to scores, Alvarado scores has a sensitivity 95.24%, specificity 77.78%, PPV of 93.75%, NPV of 82.35%. Tzanaki score has a sensitivity of 100%, specificity 23.5%, PPV of 83.12% and NPV of 100%. AIR score has a sensitivity of 95%, specificity of 66.67%, PPV of 89.06% and NPV of 82.35%.                  Conclusions: Alvarado score (cut off 7) has the best PPV (93.75%) and hence is the best scoring system to “rule in” a positive diagnosis. However, Tzanaki score (cut off 8) has the best NPV (100%) and hence is the best score to “rule out” a diagnosis of acute appendicitis.
AS VICISSITUDES HISTÓRICAS E A RESSIGNIFICAÇÃO DA FÉ: APROXIMAÇÕES TEOLÓGICAS DA COVID-19
Authors: Vasconcelos Aparecida Maria de , Lourenço Rodolfo José , Theisen Tiago José
Published: December 2021

O atual momento de pandemia, devido a Covid-19, pode ser lido sob a luz de outros momentos históricos que também interpelaram a fé e sua prática na Bíblia. Destarte, tais vicissitudes são fundamentais para saltos na compreensão do relacionamento do ser humano com Deus, levando aquele a um novo horizonte hermenêutico após a vivência feita. Por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica, trazemos dois acontecimentos histórico-bíblicos centrais: o Exílio da Babilônia e a Crucifixão de Jesus. Depois, tratamos o novo coronavírus como oportunidade ímpar de balizar a fé que até então é vivida. Como ainda nos encontramos nesse período de quarentena, as respostas sobre o que mudará em nossa teologia e práxis somente podem ser vislumbradas. Todavia, como um girassol, é intrínseco a nossa fé procurar constantemente onde está o Sol que a alimenta. Por isso, entrar em crise é vital e essencial para que ela continue sendo força para viver.
AS MAGIAS DE AMOR: DAS NOTÍCIAS HISTÓRICAS AOS SORTILÉGIOS REALIZADOS NOS TERREIROS DE BELÉM
Authors: De Luca Taissa Tavernard , De Sena Fábio Oliveira
Published: December 2021

Este artigo tem por objetivo analisar as práticas magicas realizadas nos terreiros de Belém com intuitos afetivos. Estes sortilégios, comumente denominados de “amarrações”, possuem vasto lastro histórico. Práticas semelhantes foram encontradas durante a colônia, por autores que se debruçaram sobre a documentação inquisitorial como Souza (1986), Freyre (2003) e Meyer (1996). Recuperaremos esses trabalhos a fim de tentar verificar as ressignificações e atualizações de tais práticas no interior das religiões afro-brasileiras da atualidade. A pesquisa de campo foi realizada em três templos da capital paraense, sendo um de umbanda, um de tambor de mina e um de candomblé ketu. As técnicas usadas foram a etnografia de rituais mágicos e a entrevista com sacerdotes e clientes.
RELIGIÃO, (DES)HUMANIZAÇÃO E POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS: REFLEXÕES EMERGENTES E NECESSÁRIAS
Authors: Moreira Alberto Da Silva , Richter Reimer Ivoni , Rossi Luiz Alexandre Solano , Cunha Magali Do Nascimento
Published: December 2021

Apresentação do dossiê para o v. 19, n. 2, 2021.
HUMANIZAR PARA BEM VIVER
Authors: Richter Reimer Ivoni
Published: December 2021

Editorial para v. 19, n. 2, 2021.
ESPERANÇAR E CONVIVER PARA EDUCAR!
Authors: Richter Reimer Ivoni
Published: December 2021

Editorial para o Número Especial 100 ANOS DE PAULO FREIRE
PERSEGUINDO O INÉDITO VIÁVEL: A PEDAGOGIA FREIRIANA, A NECESSIDADE DA LINGUAGEM INCLUSIVA E A DENÚNCIA À NEOLÍNGUA DO GENERISMO QUEER
Authors: Ulrich Claudete Beise , Ströher Marga Janete , Núñez de la Paz Nivia Ivette
Published: December 2021

Nas últimas décadas temos vivenciado a dificuldade em efetivar o uso da linguagem inclusiva ao tempo em que se evidencia a facilidade de implantação de uma neolíngua que provém do generismo queer. São tempos sombrios para a luta feminista, que sofre não só a difamação e deturpação da sua agenda e cânon, senão também a usurpação de conceitos e espaços. No ano 2021, que marca o centenário do pedagogo brasileiro Paulo Freire, estende-se sobre nós uma outra onda ameaçadora de irracionalismo, como aquela advertida por ele no século passado. O neoliberalismo mata, assim como mata o machismo; e as mulheres, a vida das mulheres, não vão além de uma objetificação para ambos. Nosso objetivo, com esse artigo, é dialogar desde e com a proposta pedagógica freiriana tomando como contraponto os conceitos ‘linguagem inclusiva’ e ‘neolíngua’ no intuito de denunciar e, principalmente, de enfatizar a necessidade permanente de uma educação emancipadora e libertadora para transformar os sistemas de opressão e morte. Uma teologia da vida não pode ficar em silêncio perante a ignomínia contemporânea.
FREIRE NA FINLÂNDIA: TRAJETÓRIAS DA PRESENÇA DE PAULO FREIRE NO NORTE GLOBAL
Authors: Suoranta Juha , Tomperi Tuukka , Pereira Márcio Mota
Published: December 2021

Neste artigo, nos perguntamos se o pensamento de Paulo Freire teve alguma influência na Finlândia. Existe uma tradição reconhecido da pedagogia freiriana neste país nórdico? Para responder a esta pergunta, traçamos a trajetória do recepção do pensamento de Freire nas últimas décadas. Concluímos finalmente que embora seu impacto direto não tenha se generalizado, houveram múltiplas e importantes conexões e repercussões. Em termos gerais, vale a pena ressaltar que a crucial renovação do sistema educacional finlandês, que ocorreu desde o final dos anos 1960, foi contemporâneo ao espírito freiriano de justiça social e educacional. Nossa contribuição é histórica e teórica em sua abordagem e metodologia. É baseada em uma revisão aprofundada da literatura educacional finlandesa desde o início dos anos 1970 até os anos 2000. Para nos ajudar na busca de exemplos da presença de Freire no discurso pedagógico finlandês, também utilizamos nossos contatos com educadores de adultos na Finlândia. Por fim, também recorremos a nossos trabalhos anteriores sobre o assunto.
On Determinism, Causality, and Free Will: Contribution from Physics
Authors: Karwasz Grzegorz P.
Published: December 2021

Determinism, causality, chance, free will and divine providence form a class of interlaced problems lying in three domains: philosophy, theology, and physics. Recent article by Dariusz Łukasiewicz in Roczniki Filozoficzne (no. 3, 2020) is a great example. Classical physics, that of Newton and Laplace, may lead to deism: God created the world, but then it goes like a mechanical clock. Quantum mechanics brought some “hope” for a rather naïve theology: God acts in gaps between quanta of indetermination. Obviously, any strict determinism jeopardizes the existence of free will. Yes, but only if human mind follows the laws of physics and only if nothing exists outside the physical limits of space and time. We argue that human action lies in-between two worlds: “earth” and “heavens” using the language of Genesis. In that immaterial world, outside time and space constraints, there is no place for the chain of deterministic events. We discuss, in turn, that the principle of causality, a superior law even in physics, reigns also in the non-material world. Though, determinism in the material universe and causality in both worlds seem to be sufficient conditions, to eliminate “chaotic”, or probabilistic causes from human (and divine) action.
O rzeczywistej i nieuchronnej idolatryczności religii — odpowiedź polemistom
Authors: Ziemiński Ireneusz
Published: December 2021

The critiques of arguments I presented in Religia jako idolatria. Esej filozoficzny o nieuchronności elementów idolatrycznych w religii [Religion as idolatry: A philosophical essay on the inevitability of idolatrious elements in religion], authored by Błażej Gębura and Marcin Iwanicki, are fundamentally inaccurate. The main reason being that the authors of the critiques have not put forth any historical example of a religious phenomenon which was not idolatry. They only referred to logically possibly examples (it is admittedly possible to conceive of an act of religious worship which would not be idolatrical), yet they did not provide the conditions which would have to be fulfilled for this act to materialize; meanwhile the primary condition would be to change the ontic and epistemic status of humans as beings capable of direct contact with God. The more detailed arguments presented by my polemicians also do not disprove the claim that it is unavoidable for religion to be idolatrical. For if God accepts all acts of worship throughout history, He should be charged with defying fundamental moral principles; it is after all difficult to accept the bloody human and animal sacrifices he received. Furthermore, “religion zero” is impossible to actualize; on one hand it is a completely private phenomenon (analogous to a private language), on the other it means knowing God in a human way (and thus is idolatrical, as even the Author of the charge admits). Similarly, an unconscious act of worship (admiration for the tallest tree in the world) is an aesthetic experience, not a religious one; a theistic interpretation of this act bears the markings of symbolic violence and reduces religious experiences to experiencing beauty. There is no doubt that ontic distance as a necessary condition of non-idolatrical religion, proposed by the polemicians, actually makes it an impossibility. Even God cannot reveal Himself to us the way He is, but instead He must adhere to our cognitive limitations and thus can only reveal Himself as a non-God. Therefore, any religious act is unavoidably idolatrical; however, contrary to the claims by my Polemicians, this is not an overuse of the term “idolatry” in relation to religious phenomena, but rather an accurate description of their nature. Despite this, one should not eliminate religion entirely form social life; as long as religious people pose no harm to others and do not attempt to force their idols onto others, they have the right to freely believe and worship them.
Tragedia i sceptycyzm
Authors: Piłat Rober , Filcek Martyna
Published: December 2021

The well-trotted path of interpretation of tragedy refers to a positive conflict of forces or values. In this article, we examine another possibility: to focus on a negative act involved in the tragedy, i.e., avoidance of essential goods and attachments. The avoidance makes the tragic hero live in a contracted world in which he cannot choose a good or save himself. The distinction between the positive and negative aspects of a tragic situation intersects with the distinction between the two layers of tragedy. The first layer involves unfortunate events and the subject’s strategies of resistance and self-preservation. The second layer involves new interactions between the subject, and the new reality changed by the effort of resistance. The new interaction leads to tragic guilt and turns the subject into a tragic hero. Between these layers, there is a dynamic exchange of content as it is between the negative and positive aspects of the tragedy. The negative act (rejection of values and attachments) and the affirmative act (the stand taken in an actual conflict of values, rations, claims) are mutually entangled. Any viable interpretation of tragedy should be able to follow both directions of their interaction. It is natural for philosophical hermeneutic to start with the negative act because it shows the immersion of tragedy in the structure of existence. This approach does not, however, remove the need for another hermeneutics, starting with the tragic experience. We tried to show this possibility by referring to the philosophy of Lev Shestov.
Morał z przykładów frankfurtowskich (przeł. Marcin Iwanicki i Joanna Klara Teske)
Authors: Fischer John Martin
Published: December 2021

The author argues that the moral of the Frankfurt stories is this: if causal determinism rules out moral responsibility, it is not in virtue of eliminating alternative possibilities, and replies the most important challenge to this claim, namely an argument called “The Dilemma Defense.”
Zdolność reagowania na racje a odpowiedzialność moralna (przeł. Marcin Iwanicki i Joanna Klara Teske)
Authors: Fischer John Martin
Published: December 2021

The author presents a model of moral responsibility based on the actual sequence and the notion of reason-responsiveness, and draws an analogy between this model and Robert Nozick’s model of knowledge based on the actual sequence. In addition, the concept of semicompatibilism is introduced and explained.
Prawda, Jej aspekty ontologiczne i idea intelektu nieskończonego w Badaniach logicznych Edmunda Husserla
Authors: Lewandowski Rafał
Published: December 2021

This article aims to analyze the theory of truth contained in Edmund Husserl’s Logical Investigations. In my analysis, I start from a detailed description of conditions of the possibility of truth based on Husserl’s alethiology. I show that his theory assumes correlation, the parallelism between subjective and objective conditions of the possibility of cognition as a condition of truth. Based on this, I explain Husserl’s interpretation of the correspondence definition of truth found in Logical Investigations. I also provide arguments that this interpretation presupposes the ontological definition of truth and the idea of the infinite intellect as the ideal of a direct and exhaustive presentation of the object of cognition. Nonetheless, my conclusions don’t provide a complete interpretation of Husserl’s alethiology because I refrain from drawing metaphysical consequences from it. That is to say, I neither answer the question about realism/idealism in Logical Investigations nor the question of whether the idea of the infinite intellect should be understood in some metaphysical way (e.g. theistic one) or only as a regulative idea in the Kantian sense.
Daniela C. Dennetta hipoteza językowej genezy świadomości
Authors: Marzęda Witold
Published: December 2021

The paper discusses the lingual genesis of consciousness. The author reconstructs Daniel C. Dennett’s naturalization strategy, showing how, according to Dennett, language enables the emergence of consciousness in the evolution of humankind. This naturalization assumes a behavioristic view according to which consciousness is a covert verbal behavior. The author shows that Dennett adopts and transforms Mead’s, Skinner’s, and Jaynes’s original behavioristic approaches inscribing them into a course of human evolution. This inscription leads to specific problems discussed in the final part of the paper: There are actually two definitions of consciousness in Dennett’s philosophy—first says that consciousness is a kind of verbal behavior, second says that it is a virtual memetic machine. There is no explanation of the execution rule that could show how given mind content becomes conscious; Dennett introduces the competition metaphor instead. Some contentful events in the brain (mind contents) simply win with others. Inscription of the possible scenario of consciousness development in the evolutionary landscape does not mean that one can testify the theory yet.
Piotra Chojnackiego teoria eklektycznej filozofii przyrody
Authors: Roskal Zenon E.
Published: December 2021

The article analyzes the theory of philosophy of nature presented by Piotr Chojnacki. This concept was an important component of the Leuven (neo)Thomism, developed also in the Polish Thomistic philosophical milieu, which since the beginning of the 20th century has been in crisis. I argue that the cause of this crisis was the eclectic nature of the Leuven Thomism as it was developed by Piotr Chojnacki. Although in contemporary philosophy eclecticism is being rehabilitated, due to the dominant scientism and naturalism, the prospects for the development of the philosophy of nature inspired by the program of Leuven Thomism seem to be very limited.
From the Death to Rebirth of Religion: Evolution of Leszek Kołakowski’s Thought in the Context of the Question: “Who Is Man?”
Authors: Sikora Marek
Published: December 2021

In his numerous books and articles, Leszek Kołakowski brought up a number of topics in the fields of the history of philosophy and contemporary philosophy. His work offers valuable insights into problems revolving around Karl Marx’s philosophy, social philosophy, and the philosophy of religion, to mention but a few. In all these areas of thought, the Polish philosopher centres his focus on the fundamental question of man. The present paper is aimed at discussing Leszek Kołakowski’s contribution to the philosophical debate on this topic. The evolution of Kołakowski’s views is traced from the Marxist concept of man which, after a certain period, is discarded by the philosopher in favour of a religious concept, to be confronted again with a liberal theory. Kołakowski is not uncritical about any of the conceptions, which testifies to the profound complexity of every attempt to gain insights into the very essence of the human being which, irrespective of the doctrine or perspective taken for interpretation, escapes clear-cut definition. However, despite the lack of unambiguous definitions Kołakowski recognises that the sole point of reference in any attempts to gain an understanding of the human condition in culture is religion.
Nauczanie gramatyki i leksyki poprzez sztukę. Ekfraza, infraza i audiodeskrypcja na lekcji języka obcego
Authors: Palion-Musioł Agnieszka
Published: December 2021

Korespondencja sztuk oraz intersemiotyczny dialog, w którym biorą udział teksty literackie oraz płótna malarskie, stwarzają nowe możliwości w nauczaniu języków obcych. Ekfraza oraz infraza dążą do subiektywnej reprezentacji tekstu malarskiego i odpowiednio literackiego, próbując go zastąpić oraz uczynić obecnym w nowym znaku. Podobne zadanie do spełnienia ma audiodeskrypcja, która poprzez obiektywny opis tekstów wizualnych ma je uobecnić, ożywić i udostępnić osobie niewidomej. Zarówno ekfraza, infraza, jak i audiodeskrypcja są wynikiem kreatywnej transpozycji i interpretacji towarzyszącej przekładowi intersemiotycznemu, którego dokonuje uczeń na lekcji języka obcego. Każda z wymienionych reprezentacji i każdy kontakt ze sztuką oferują liczne korzyści na lekcji języka obcego. Oprócz korzyści językowych, takich jak sposobność do ćwiczenia struktur gramatycznych, wprowadzenia nowego słownictwa, rozwijania kompetencji komunikacyjnej oraz interkulturowej, wart podkreślenia jest również wymiar neurodydaktyczny sztuki na lekcji języka obcego.
Restructuring of Finnish Trade Unions – the Growing Importance of Women
Authors: Bergholm Tapio , Sippola Markku
Published: December 2021

The membership profile of Finnish trade unions has changed from male-dominated industrial workers to female-dominated service and public sector workers who are more highly educated. The Finnish labour market is strongly divided into female and male occupations and sectors, and these intersectional differences play an important part in the differentiation of developmental paths. The erosion of membership is mainly due to the rapid growth of the independent unemployment fund (YTK) competing with unemployment funds associated with trade unions. YTK has been much more successful in recruiting private sector male workers than women. Men’s decisions not to join the union are related to the shift in the motivation to unionise from social custom to instrumental reasons. Along with the gender majority shift, union identification has changed, and unions need to carry out ‘identity work’ to attain members. The shift in gender proportions has also had consequences for the collective bargaining system.
Antibiotic Self-Medication and Antibiotic Resistance: Multilevel Regression Analysis of Repeat Cross-Sectional Survey Data in Europe
Authors: Anderson Alistair
Published: December 2021

Antibiotic resistance is a global public health issue with several anthropogenic drivers, including antibiotic consumption. Recent studies have highlighted that the relationship between antibiotic consumption and antibiotic resistance is contextualised by a variety of socioeconomic, cultural, and governance-related drivers of consumption behaviour and contagion that have been underexamined. A potential complication for research and policy is that measures of antibiotic consumption are often reliant on prescribing or sales data which may not easily take into account the dynamics of community consumption that include self-medication; for example, the preservation and use of leftover medication or the obtaining of antibiotics without a prescription. This study uses repeated cross-sectional survey data to fulfil two core aims: firstly, to examine the individual-level and national-contextual determinants of self-medication among antibiotic consumers in European countries, and secondly, to examine the relationship between self-medication behaviour and antibiotic resistance at the national level.
This study is particularly novel in its application of a multilevel modelling specification that includes individual-level factors with both time-variant and persistent national characteristics to examine antibiotic consumption behaviours. The key findings of the study are that survey respondents in countries with persistently higher levels of inequality, burdens of out-of-pocket health expenditure, and corruption have an increased probability of self-medicating with antibiotics. The study also highlights that overall levels of antibiotic consumption and antibiotic self-medication do not correlate and are associated heterogeneously with changes in different pathogen/antibiotic pairs. In summary, the study emphasises that antibiotic stewardship and antibiotic resistance, whilst related by biological mechanisms, are also inherently social issues. Attempts to improve antibiotic stewardship and address the challenge of antibiotic resistance should also attend to structural challenges that underlie challenges to antibiotic stewardship in the community, such as the effects of inequality and reduced access to healthcare services.
CONNECTION OF THE INTENSITY OF THE FLUX OF SCR PROTONS WITH THE VELOCITY OF THE CME AND WITH THE FADING OF THE RADIO EMISSION OF THE SUN IN THE DECAMETER RANGE
Authors: Isaeva E. A.
Published: December 2021

The relationship between SCR and CME and with fading of the continuum of noise storms and typeIV radio bursts in the decameter range is investigated. It was shown earlier that about 60% of CMEs associated with solar proton events are accompanied by deep fading of the solar radio emission in the decameter range, which coin-cides in time with CME registration. It has also been shown that fading is characterized by fading depth, the frequency bandwidth in which the fading occurs, as well as the duration of the fading and the frequency at which the maximum fading depth is observed. Further detailed studies have shown that for proton events accompanied by fading of the solar radio emission in the decameter range, the relationship between the intensity of the SCR proton flux and the CME velocity is much worse than for events without fading of the solar radio emission in the decameter range. However, it was foundthat for such events, the relationship between the flux of SCR protons and the CME velocity significantly increases if we take into account the fading depth of the solar radio emission in the decameter range.Earlier in (Isaeva, 2019), the results of a study of the relationship between the intensity of fading of the continuum of noise storms with the parameters of X-ray bursts, with the CME velocity and the velocity of coronal shock waves, as well as with the intensity of the SCR proton flux were presented. This paper presents the results of studying the relationship between the intensity of the SCR proton flux withthe parameters of type II and IV radio bursts, as well as with the CME velocity and with the velocity of coronal shock waves, depending on the intensity of fading of the solar radio emission in the decameter range at a frequency of 27 MHz. The frequency of 27 MHz was chosen because in the region of this frequency the maximum fading depth of the solar radio emission in the decameter range is observed.
MONITORING THE ARTIFICIAL SPACE OBJECTS WITH UKRAINIAN NETWORK OF OPTICAL STATIONS
Authors: Romanyuk Ya.O. , Shulga O.V. , Shakun L.S. , Koshkin M.I. , Vovchyk Ye.B. , Bilinsky А.І. , Kozyryev Y.S. , Kulichenko M.O. , Kriuchkovsky V.F. , Kashuba V.I. , Korobeynikova E.A. , Меlikyants S.M. , Strakhova S.L. , Теrpan S.S. , Golubovskaya T.A. , Martyniuk-Lototskiy K.P. , Nogacz R.T. , Epishev V.P. , Kudak V.I. , Neubauer I.F. , Perig V.М. , Prysiazhnyi V.I. , Ozeryan A.P. , Kozhukhov O.M. , Kozhukhov D.M. , Ivaschenko Yu.M.
Published: December 2021

The article describes the successes and challenges of the Ukrainian network of optical stations (UMOS) in recent years in the field of astrometric observations of artificial space objects both in low-Earth orbit (LEO) and geostationary Earth orbit (GEO). UMOS was established in 2012 as a joint partnership of organizations interested in satellite observations for scientific purposes and practical near Earth space monitoring. The main purpose of the UMOS has been (and still is) to combine scientific and technical means with regular optical (positional and / or non-positional) observation. The short list of equipment of the UMOS members are given in the tables. The programs for observations, used methods and obtained results are described in the paper. In conclusion, the advantages of observations of artificial space objects by means of a network are summarized. The experience of UMOS and main results obtained by UMOS can be considered as the first step to create the SSA system of Ukraine.
O uso de citações e alusões de Salmos nos escritos paulinos
Authors: Gonzaga Waldecir , Goldoni Silveira Rogério
Published: December 2021

O presente artigo tem como objetivo propiciar reflexão acerca do uso de citações e alusões de salmos nos escritos paulinos. Ainda que não seja possível ter certeza sobre a fonte usada por Paulo (LXX ou BH), os autores concordam que Paulo fez no mínimo 31 referências aos salmos, entre citações e alusões, sem contar os ecos. Diante dessa constatação, este artigo apresenta os critérios para a distinção de citações, alusões e ecos de textos do AT no NT, a partir dos estudos de G. K. Beale, na obra Manual do uso do Antigo Testamento no Novo Testamento, e de R. B. Hays, em Echoes of Scripture in the Letter of Paul. Em seguida, são analisadas três citações de salmos e uma alusão: duas citações seguras (Sl 14,1-3 em Rm 3,10b-12; e Sl 112,9 em 2Cor 9,9); uma citação questionada (Sl 142,1 em Gl 2,16); e uma alusão (Sl 97,2 em Rm 1,17). Essa análise ajudará a compreender a razão pela qual Paulo emprega textos do Saltério em seus escritos assim como o contexto literário, além dos critérios que o apóstolo tinha para fazer referência a tais textos. Embora não seja possível determinar, com exatidão, a fonte usada pelo apóstolo, o presente estudo constata que, como é comum para todo o NT, o uso paulino do AT foi muito mais a partir de uma versão grega da LXX que de um texto hebraico. Ademais, percebe-se que Paulo tanto citou o AT literalmente, como o usou livremente, a depender de sua intenção teológica.
THE HISTORICAL PROCESS OF THE DIESEL ELECTRIC PROPULSION SYSTEM
Authors: PAMIK Murat , NURAN Mustafa
Published: December 2021

The harmful effects of gas emissions, resulting from the consumption of fossil fuels, on the environment continue to increase. In order to reduce these effects, new regulations are implemented in the field of maritime and it is getting harder to comply with these regulations. The fact that the technological developments in conventional propulsion systems come to a head and become insufficient especially when environmental factors are taken into consideration, has led researchers to work in the field of electrical propulsion systems. There are many studies examining the historical process and development of electrical propulsion systems. In this literature study, the history of the Diesel-Electric propulsion system, which has an important place in electrical propulsion systems, is explained and the change and development of this system, especially in the last 20 years, and its comparison with other electrical propulsion systems are discussed. It has been shown that Diesel-Electric propulsion system, which has succeeded to be an important propulsion system alternative for many ship types, can have different advantages with technological developments
Comparison of antimicrobial activities of brine salting, chlorinated solution and Moringa oleifera plant extracts in fish from Lake Victoria basin of Kenya
Authors:   Maseno University, Kenya, Onyuka JHO , Kakai R , Arama PF , Ofulla AVO
Published: December 2021

Chemical preservatives can be used to reduce the overall microbial populations in fish and fish products. This study was set to determine the antimicrobial activities of brine salting, chlorinated solution, and Moringa oleifera plant extracts treatments on enteric bacteria in Rastrineobola argentea and Oreochromis niloticus fish collected from beaches and markets in Lake Victoria basi n of western Kenya. Using a cross-sectional samples collection design, fresh fish ( Rastrineobola argentea and Oreochromis niloticus ) samples were randomly collected from three fish landing beaches (Dunga, Luanda Rombo and Sirongo) and from three markets (Kisumu, Luanda and Bondo), in the Lake Victoria Basin of western Kenya and take n to the laboratory within 4 hours for processing and treatments with preservatives. The preservatives were sodium chloride solutions (3%, 6%, 9% and 12%), sodi um hypochlorite (50ppm, 100ppm, 150ppm and 200ppm), and Moringa oleifera n-hexane and ethanol ex tract solutions (20μg/ml, 40μg/ml, 60μg/ml, and 80μg/ml), respectively. The treatments were done for 0hrs, 2hrs, 4hrs, 6hrs and 8hrs, before bacteria growth analysis using most probable number and aerobic plate count methods. Statistical differences in effectiveness of the preservatives was determined by one factor ANOVA with P<0.05 value considered statistically significant. The results showed that with increase in salt concentration and after 8 hours treatment duration, there was a significant reduction of microbial load in R. argentae and O. niloticus fish samples, P<0.05, one factor ANOVA. The effectiveness of chlorinated solution (sodium hypochlorite) against the bacteria decreased with time but increased with increase in concentration. As M. oleifera n-hexane and ethanol extracts concentrations increased and after 8 hours treatment duration, there was significant decrease in microbial loads, P<0.001 by one factor ANOVA. Over all, sodium chloride at 12% concentration was the most effective and chlorine solution even at 200ppm was the least effective while the M. oleifera plant extrtional sodium chloride, M. oleifera plant extracts can also be used as antimicrobial agent for processing and preservation of fish.
The prevalence of obesity among female teachers of child-bearing age in Ghana
Authors:   CSIR-Food Research Institute, Ghana, Pobee RA , Owusu WB ,   University of Ghana, Plahar WA ,   CSIR-Food Research Institute, Ghana
Published: December 2021

Obesity has increasingly become a public health problem in both developed and developing countries. In Ghana, the prevalence of obesity has been found to be high particularly among women. The rising trend of obesity in Ghana is worrying as studies have shown an increased risk of morbidity, disability and mortality associated with obesity. This study examined the prevalence of obesity among Ghanaian teachers of child-bearing age. A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 400 female teachers between the ages of 18 and 49 years from two sub-metropolitan areas in Accra District, Ghana. A questionnaire was used to gather information on the socioeconomic status, body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), alcohol intake, physical activity and food intake. Appropriate statistical methods were used to determine the association between variables. The mean age, BMI and WHR were 35.9 ± 8.2 years, 27.2±5.3 kgm-2 and 0.79±0.07 respectively. About 34% of the women were overweight while 27% were found to be obese with 17.8% centrally-obese. The WHR ratio, however, classified majority (57%) of the women as low risk. There was a strong positive correlation between BMI and WHR with age. This means that as women aged, both BMI and WHR increased. The prevalence of obesity for a woman above 35years was about four times higher than the prevalence among the younger age group (<25years) and two times higher than that of the middle age group (26-35years). This study found that at any age group underweight, overweight and obesity co-existed. Socioeconomic variables such as marital status, income and parity showed a positive association with BMI and waist circumference. Consumption of fruits and vegetables was observed to be low among respondents. This study recommends that measures such as healthy eating guidelines supported by vigorous physical activities should be put in place in schools to help teachers maintain healthy body weights (BMI 19-25) in order to prevent the risk of obesity and its related life threatening effects.
Optimizing micronutrient intake of lactating women through increased wild edible plant consumption in Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa
Authors: Pearson K
Published: December 2021

Micronutrient consumption in many developing countries is insufficient to meet the needs of numerous individuals, resulting in a negative impact on health. Increasing consumption of wild edible plants, which are micronutrient rich, easy to grow, and culturally familiar, has been recommended to combat these deficiencies, but there is a gap in knowledge on which types of plants should be eaten or in what quantity. The objective of this project was to determine the optimal blend of South African wild edible plants needed to fill gaps between typical micronutrient consumption of lactating women in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, and estimated requirements. This was done by creating optimization models using linear programming. Components of these models included identifying gaps between current micronutrient intake measured in a sample of lactating women and Estimated Average Requirements (EAR) and the creation of composite nutrient profiles for groups of wild edible plants available in KwaZulu-Natal. Models calculated the optimum amounts of wild edible plants that would need to be consumed in addition to the current diet to meet micronutrient recommendations and the amounts needed if half the additional calories consumed would replace an equivalent number of calories of maize meal. A combination of 250g leafy vegetables and 349g fruit, replacing 54g of maize meal, was determined to be the best model. This mixture met the micronutrient needs of 50% of lactating women and added only 192 calories to the diet. This data can provide policy makers with the information necessary to formulate effective nutritional interventions. The high level of recommended change, however, also highlights the need to employ multiple approaches to achieving improved nutrition. Additional information is needed on the availability and nutritional values of wild edible plants in South Africa. Despite these limitations, it is clear that a reasonable increase in wild edible plant consumption can have a tremendous positive impact on micronutrient consumption of lactating women in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.
$#*! Sociologists Say: e-Public Sociology on Twitter
Authors: Schneider Christopher J.
Published: December 2021

This paper explores how individuals who self-identify on Twitter as sociologists holding teaching posts at institutions of higher education use the popular micro-blogging social media site. A total of 152,977 tweets from profiles of 130 sociologists were collected and examined using qualitative media analysis. What emerged from these data was an empirical case for an expanded conceptualization of Burawoy’s vision of public sociology. Building upon published research (Schneider and Simonetto 2016), the purpose of this conceptually informed paper is to further empirically develop e-public sociology – a form of public sociology that emerges through use of social media whereby the sociologist can simultaneously be the generator and interlocutor of dialogue with multiple publics. Suggestions for future research are noted.
Los pensadores de la libertad (o un universo escondido entre papeles sueltos)
Authors: Gómez Híjar Beltrán
Published: December 2021

En la historia del pensamiento económico y político hay una diversidad de autores que tienen diferentes interpretaciones de la naturaleza humana, de las instituciones y de cómo se debe organizar la sociedad. Una rama es la que se conforma por los pensadores de la Escuela Austriaca de Economía, que, además de realizar grandes aportes al pensamiento económico, hicieron una incursión trascendental en otras disciplinas, como la filosofía, la ciencia política yel derecho, entre otras. Ellos, a su vez, forman parte de un grupo mayor: el de los filósofos de la libertad, es decir, de aquellos pensadores que defendían intelectualmente la libertad del individuo frente a la coacción arbitraria de un tercero, especialmente del Estado.
Modelo de gestión de riesgo de la cadena de suministro como elemento diferenciador
Authors: Zamudio Pereda Oscar , Izquierdo Requejo Alex Antonio
Published: December 2021

Actualmente, las complejidades de la cadena de suministro imponen enormes desafíos en las organizaciones. Esto ha intensificado la necesidad y búsqueda constante de una gestión resiliente. Los riesgos que la amenazan surgen de forma inesperada y agresiva en cualquier punto de la cadena logística y su impacto podría no ser siempre superado favorablemente por las empresas. Asimismo, los responsables deben administrar diversos factores de contingencia en entornos cada vez más competitivos. Esto ha significado hasta hoy en día ubicar métodos de cómo blindar las probables disrupciones en diversos escenarios. No obstante, la gestión integral de riesgos puede ser un enfoque eficaz para hacer frente a estas incertidumbres. En tal sentido, la información desarrollada intenta ser de utilidad a diversas organizaciones y sobre todo a sus gerentes a cargo de la gestión, de modo que tomen decisiones basadas en la experiencia compartida y reflexiva, encaminada a la competitividad empresarial.
Habilidades blandas y el impacto de la covid-19 en la educación superior
Authors: Vásquez-Pajuelo Lida , Vila-Gómez Doris Alicia , Tuesta-Vila Jazmín Alicia
Published: December 2021

El presente artículo de investigación busca conocer cómo fomentar el desarrollo de las habilidades blandas para afrontar con éxito los impactos en la educación superior del periodo post pandemia. El estudio se basa en la revisión exhaustiva de los trabajos actuales que se tienen a dispo- sición sobre el conocimiento de las habilidades blandas y la promoción de su desarrollo en el estudiante. Esto permitirá perfeccionar sus habilidades blandas y ser consciente de sus propias cualidades socioemocionales. De esta manera, en el futuro podrán ser parte de una generación de profesionales capaces de tener un desenvolvimiento emocional armonioso, que incluya momentos de alta presión laboral. La educación superior debe promover entre la comunidad educativa que la conforma, en especial entre los estudiantes, las distintas alternativas de expansión de las habilidades blandas, con los consiguientes impactos positivos en su futuro mundo laboral. Entendiendo estas como habilidades que potencian la interacción de uno con el otro, fortaleciendo el trato, y mejorando las relaciones y el control emocional en el ambiente laboral, profesional y personal.
El trabajo remoto y el desempeño laboral en el marco del covid-19
Authors: Chuco Aguilar Victoria Judith , Álvarez Pejerrey José Antonio , Chávez Ramírez Manuel Greck Anderson , Cuba Rosales Luis Alexis Fernando
Published: December 2021

El teletrabajo busca que los trabajadores puedan realizar sus labores de forma remota. En un contexto de pandemia por la COVID-19, el teletrabajo se ha convertido en la principal modalidad para desarrollar las labores en las organizaciones; y esto representa un desafío para mantener la productividad de los trabajadores, debido a las presiones laborales y la incertidumbre en el mercado del trabajo. Dos factores importantes emergen en este análisis: la habilidad de las organizaciones en establecer sistemas de comunicación adecuados y la capacidad del trabajador de manejar sus emociones en entornos inciertos.
Land and Labour Relations on Cocoa Farms in Sefwi, Ghana: Continuity and Change
Authors: Yaro Joseph , Teye Joseph K. , Wiggins Steve
Published: December 2021

When in the 1880s farmers in southern Ghana began to plant cocoa, their main concerns were finding land to plant and mobilising labour to do so. The issue of finding land remained paramount until at least the 1990s, when the land frontier of forest to clear for cocoa finally closed. The last forests to be planted were in the old Western Region and particularly in Sefwi, now the Western North Region. This paper examines how farmers in Sefwi obtained land and mobilised labour in the late 2010s, and how that has changed since the 1960s.
Evaluation of Knowledge Levels of Ordu University Faculty of Dentistry Students about Hepatitis B: Cross-Sectional Survey Study
Authors: GÜLER Çiğdem , ÇAKMAKÇI İhya
Published: December 2021

Objective: To evaluate the knowledge levels of Ordu University Faculty of Dentistry students about Hepatitis B Virus (HBV), preventive measures, and compare differences between academic classes.Methods: Students from Ordu University Faculty of Dentistry (1th to 5th year from 2019-2020 academic year) were asked to respond a one-page questionnaire form measuring their knowledge about HBV. The questionnaire was created online and a total of 417 students were asked to respond. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square test and Fischer’s exact test. Significance level was set at a P<0.05.Results: In this study, 318 of 417 students participated. In total, 97.8% of 318 students knew that HBV can be transmitted through dental treatments. In addition, 85.2% of students stated that HBV can be transmitted through saliva. 94.7% of students who answered the questionnaire knew that HBV vaccination program consisted of 3 doses. In the question of standard universal precautions for HBV contagiousness, 28% of students selected the option ‘I do not know’, and there was a statistically significant difference between academic classes in this question (P<0.05).Conclusion: According to the results of this study, although students had better knowledge about HBV when compared to similar studies, it is recommended that knowledge of students, especially on standard universal measures, should be reviewed. In addition, the vaccination and immune status of the students should be followed regularly.
Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Version of the Family Empowerment Scale for Caregivers of Adults with Mental Health Issues (FES-AMT)
Authors: DURMAZ Hatice , YILDIZ Esra
Published: December 2021

Objective: This study aimed to adapt the Family Empowerment Scale for family caregivers of adults with mental health issues to the Turkish context. Methods: The study data is collected from 1 January 2019 to 15 April 2020. The FES was originally developed by Koren et al.and, Kageyama et al. adapted it to assess the empowerment of family caregivers of adults with mental health issues, and they tested its validity and reliability. The study sample comprised 223 caregivers whose families of patients staying at the psychiatry clinic of a research and training hospital and those who had applied to the polyclinic. The scale has 34 items rated on a 5-point Likert-type scale. The scoring was subjected to a two-phase cluster analysis to obtain detailed information about the caregiver’s empowerment. Results: Confirmatory factor analysis was applied to examine the goodness of fit and construct validity of the structure, which was determined to consist of 3 factors by explanatory factor analysis. Factor loading range from 0.722 (item 20) to 0.008 (item 22). Exploratory factor analysis was conducted. Kaiser - Meyer - Olkin sampling adequacy value was determined as 0.894. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of internal consistency was .908. The scale has three subscales: Family, Service System, and Community/Political. The total variance explained by the scale was 47.78%. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient for the whole scale was .927.Conclusion: The Turkish version of the Family Empowerment Scale for caregivers of adults with mental health issues (FES-AMT) is a valid and reliable measurement tool. This scale can be used to evaluate patient relatives in the clinical practice of nurses.
Vitamin D and Psychological Status in Dialysis Patient
Authors: GÖKALP Kübra , AYDIN ÇİL Mevra , YAYLA Ayşegül
Published: December 2021

Objective: The study was conducted to determine the association between vitamin D level and psychological status in dialyzed patients.Methods: The population consisted of dialysis patients in a university hospital dialysis center in Eastern Turkey between March and May 2017. The study's sample involved in 90 dialysis patients (59 hemodialysis, 31 continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis). 25(OH) D levels measured in a university hospital. Psychological status was evaluated by Brief Symptom Invantory. Minimum-maximum values, percentage, mean and standard deviation, average, frequency, Kruskal–Walli’s test and Pearson's Correlation Analysis were used to evaluate the data.Results: Mean age was 53.74±14.83 years, 61.6% of patients were female, 38.4% of patients were male. Mean Vitamin D was 23.51±29.50 ng/mL. The vitamin D levels of 72.2% of the patients were below 30ng/mL. There was statistically significant negative correlation between vitamin D and somatization, obsessive compulsive disorder, interpersonal sensivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, phobia, paranoid thought, psychotization, other and total scores. Patients who low vitamin D level has had high scores of psychological statuses.Conclusion: Vitamin D level has effect on psychological status in participants. Vitamin D is essential for psychological wellness in dialysis patients. While clinicians will assess, and therapy of these patient’s psychological status should take into account patients’s vitamin D status