bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Preparation of Phage Display cDNA Libraries for Identifying Immunogenic Tumor Antigens: Challenges in Functional cDNA Presentation and Approaches to Overcoming Them
Authors: Brišar Nuša , Šuster Katja , Cör Andrej
Published: November 2024

Cancer continues to represent a substantial burden in terms of its morbidity and mortality, underscoring the imperative for the development of novel and efficacious treatment modalities. Recent advances in cancer immunotherapy have highlighted the importance of identifying tumour-specific antigens, which can assist the immune system in targeting malignant cells effectively. Phage display technology has emerged as an effective tool for the discovery of novel antigens through cDNA library screening, representing a significant advancement in the field of immunological research. This review examines the discovery of tumour antigens using phage display technology, emphasising the construction of cDNA libraries, their subsequent display on bacteriophages and the utilisation of diverse biopanning techniques. These elements play a pivotal role in advancing the discovery of novel tumour antigens and the development of targeted cancer therapies. This review addresses the challenges associated with the filamentous phage display of cDNA libraries and proposes strategies to improve the effectiveness of this approach, encouraging further research for clinical applications.
Newly Proposed Dose of Daclatasvir to Prevent Lethal SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Human Transgenic ACE-2 Mice
Authors: Mattos Mayara , Sacramento Carolina Q. , Ferreira André C. , Fintelman-Rodrigues Natalia , Pereira-Dutra Filipe S. , de Freitas Caroline Souza , Gesto João S. M. , Temerozo Jairo R. , Silva Aline de Paula Dias Da , Moreira Mariana T. G. , Silva Rafael S. C. , Silveira Gabriel P. E. , Pinto Douglas P. , Pereira Heliana M. , Fonseca Laís B. , Alves Ferreira Marcelo , Blanco Camilla , Viola João P. B. , Bou-Habib Dumith Chequer , Bozza Patrícia T. , Souza Thiago Moreno L.
Published: November 2024

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) still causes death in elderly and immunocompromised individuals, for whom the sustainability of the vaccine response may be limited. Antiviral treatments, such as remdesivir or molnupiravir, have demonstrated limited clinical efficacy. Nirmatrelvir, an acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) major protease inhibitor, is clinically effective but has been associated with viral rebound and antiviral resistance. It is thus necessary to study novel and repurposed antivirals for the treatment of COVID-19. We previously demonstrated that daclatasvir (DCV), an inhibitor of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) NS5A protein, impairs SARS-CoV-2 replication by targeting viral RNA polymerase and exonuclease, but the doses of DCV used to inhibit the new coronavirus are greater than the standard human plasma exposure for hepatitis C. Because any potential use of DCV against SARS-CoV-2 would be shorter than that reported here and short-term toxicological studies on DCV show that higher doses are tolerable, we searched for doses of DCV that could protect transgenic mice expressing the human ACE2 receptor (K18-hACE-2) from lethal challenge with SARS-CoV-2. We found that a dose of 60 mg/kg/day provides this protection by reducing virus replication and virus-induced lung insult. This dose is tolerable in different animal models. Taken together, our data provide preclinical evidence that can support phase I clinical trials to confirm the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of new doses of daclatasvir for a short duration in humans to further advance this compound’s utility against COVID-19.
Development of a Multiplex RT-PCR Detection for Six Viruses Infecting Strawberry
Authors: Wang Yong , Zeng Xiangguo , Xiao Guilin , Zhang Dongmei , Wen Xin , Zhou Xinxin , Wang Zexian , Deng Jiangli , Han Yongchao
Published: November 2024

Strawberry viruses are significant pathogenic agents in strawberry. The development and application of efficient virus detection technology can effectively reduce the economic losses incurred by virus diseases for strawberry cultivators. In order to rapidly identify strawberry virus species and prevent the spread of virus disease, a multiplex reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction system was established for the simultaneous detection and identification of strawberry mild yellow edge virus (SMYEV), strawberry vein banding virus (SVBV), strawberry mottle virus (SMoV), strawberry polerovirus 1 (SPV-1), strawberry pallidosis-associated virus (SPaV), and strawberry crinivirus 4 (SCrV-4). In this study, six pairs of specific primers were designed on the conserved genomic regions of these viruses. The primer concentration, annealing temperature, and amplification cycle number of the reaction system were optimized. Subsequent sensitivity testing and application of the optimized detection system were carried out. The results indicate the establishment of an efficient detection system for strawberry viruses. The optimal reaction can detect the six viruses at the same time, which provides technical support for the early prevention and treatment of strawberry virus diseases.
Hepatitis C Virus—Core Antigen: Implications in Diagnostic, Treatment Monitoring and Clinical Outcomes
Authors: Le Duong Hoang Huy , Kanokudom Sitthichai , Nguyen Ha Minh , Yorsaeng Ritthideach , Honsawek Sittisak , Vongpunsawad Sompong , Poovorawan Yong
Published: November 2024

The hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, a global health concern, can lead to chronic liver disease. The HCV core antigen (HCVcAg), a viral protein essential for replication, offers a cost-effective alternative to HCV RNA testing, particularly in resource-limited settings. This review explores the significance of HCVcAg, a key protein in the hepatitis C virus, examining its structure, function, and role in the viral life cycle. It also evaluates its clinical use in diagnosis and treatment monitoring, comparing its performance to the standard HCV RNA assay using data from PubMed and Google Scholar. HCVcAg assays show high pooled sensitivity (93.5%) and pooled specificity (99.2%) compared to HCV RNA assays, correlating closely (r = 0.87) with HCV RNA levels. Hence, HCVcAg testing offers a cost-effective way to diagnose active HCV infections and monitor treatment, especially in resource-limited settings, but its sensitivity can vary and standardization is needed. HCVcAg also predicts liver disease progression and assesses liver damage risk, aiding patient management. It helps to identify patients at risk for fibrosis or carcinoma, making it vital in hepatitis C care. HCVcAg testing can expand access to HCV care, simplify management, and contribute to global elimination strategies, especially in low- and middle-income countries.
Advances in Vaccine Adjuvants for Teleost Fish: Implications for Aquatic Welfare and the Potential of Nanoparticle-Based Formulations
Authors: Tammas Iosif , Bitchava Konstantina , Gelasakis Athanasios I.
Published: November 2024

Vaccine adjuvants are crucial for reinforcing the immunogenicity of vaccines. Therefore, they are widely used in the aquaculture sector as vaccine components, facilitating the efficient prevention of infectious diseases and promoting sustainable teleost fish growth. Despite their benefits, there has been a growing concern about the potential adverse effects of vaccine adjuvants in teleost fish, connoting a valid impact on their overall health and welfare. Among the adjuvants used in aquaculture vaccinology, nanoparticle-based formulations have given rise to a promising new alternative to traditional options, such as oil-based emulsions and aluminum compounds, offering the benefit of minimizing relevant side effects. The aim of this paper was to review the current status of the adjuvants used in aquaculture, provide a description and an evaluation of their mode of action and side effects, and explore the potential use of nanoparticle formulations as adjuvants to improve the efficacy of aquaculture vaccines. By demonstrating and assessing the equilibrium between teleost fish welfare and immunological efficacy, this review presents a collective perspective that will assist in establishing a framework for the utilization of effective species-specific practices around adjuvant use in aquaculture, while also addressing the challenges of welfare-friendly immunization.
Rapidly Manufactured CAR-T with Conserved Cell Stemness and Distinctive Cytokine-Secreting Profile Shows Improved Anti-Tumor Efficacy
Authors: Tsao Shih-Ting , Gu Mingyuan , Xiong Qinghui , Deng Yingzhi , Deng Tian , Fu Chengbing , Zhao Zihao , Zhang Haoyu , Liu Cuicui , Zhong Xiong , Xiang Fang , Huang Fei , Wang Haiying
Published: November 2024

Background: The emergence of chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) immunotherapy holds great promise in treating hematologic malignancies. While advancements in CAR design have enhanced therapeutic efficacy, the time-consuming manufacturing process has not been improved in the commercial production of CAR-T cells. In this study, we developed a “DASH CAR-T” process to manufacture CAR-T cells in 72 h and found the excelling anti-tumor efficacy of DASH CAR-T cells over conventionally manufactured CAR-T cells. Methods: Four different CAR-T manufacturing processes were first proposed and examined by flow cytometry in regard to cell viability, T-cell purity and activation, CAR expression, and cell apoptosis. The selected two processes, 48H DASH CAR-T and 72H DASH CAR-T, were applied to the subsequent functional assessments, including T-cell differentiation, antigen-dependent cytotoxicity and expansion, cytokines secretion profile, and in vivo anti-tumor efficacy. Results: We demonstrated that rapidly manufactured CAR-T cells generated within 48–72 h was feasible and exhibited increased naïve and memory T-cell ratios, a distinctive secretory profile, superior expansion capacity, and enhanced in vitro and in vivo anti-tumor activity compared to conventionally manufactured CAR-T cells. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that “DASH CAR-T” process is a valuable platform in reducing CAR-T manufacturing time and producing high-efficacy CAR-T cells for future clinical application.
Determinants of COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance and Hesitancy: A Systematic Review
Authors: De Araújo Juliana Soares Tenório , Delpino Felipe Mendes , Andrade-Gonçalves Rubia Laine de Paula , Aragão Francisca Bruna Arruda , Ferezin Letícia Perticarrara , Santos Denise Alves , Neto Neemais Costa Duarte , Nascimento Murilo César do , Moreira Simão Pedro Tavares , Ribeiro Gabriela Ferreira , Alves Rayssa Francielly dos Santos , Arcêncio Ricardo Alexandre
Published: November 2024

Background/Objectives: COVID-19 is an infectious disease whose prevention is significantly aided by vaccination, which reduces both case severity and mortality. Despite the safety and efficacy of vaccines, acceptance is not universal, and understanding of the factors influencing vaccination decisions and hesitancy remains limited. This review aims to identify and analyze studies addressing two key questions: what influences the decision to vaccinate and what factors are associated with vaccine hesitancy. Methods: This systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines. Data collection utilized descriptors related to vaccine adherence and hesitancy, based on the PEO strategy of the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI). Searches were conducted in Embase, Scopus, PubMed, Lilacs, and Web of Science, focusing on publications from 2021, the year the first COVID-19 vaccine was approved. After excluding duplicates and selecting articles based on eligibility criteria, the analysis involved data extraction and methodological quality assessment using JBI tools. Results: A total of 5268 publications were identified, with 30 included in this study. Factors associated with vaccine hesitancy included low education levels, social media influence, confidence in vaccine safety, and fear of side effects. In contrast, factors linked to vaccine acceptance included higher education, higher income, older age, and existing comorbidities. Conclusions: The findings highlight the urgent need for targeted health communication and education strategies, particularly for vulnerable groups. Public health policies should incorporate these factors to enhance vaccination adherence and build public confidence in vaccine safety, which is essential for mitigating future health emergencies.
Prognostic Factors in 26 Cats Undergoing Surgery for Extra-Hepatic Biliary Obstruction
Authors: Speelman Jonathan P. , Hui Ki-Lam , Woodbridge Nicolas T. , Pfeiffer Susanne , Beatty Julia A. , Taylor Alan H.
Published: November 2024

Surgical management of feline extra-hepatic biliary obstruction (EHBO) has poor survival rates with few prognostic factors reported in the literature. The etiology and clinical findings of feline EHBO and their influence on short-(2 weeks–6 months) and long-term (>6 months) survival and prognosis were examined in an observational clinical retrospective study of 26 client-owned cats undergoing surgery for biliary obstruction at one institution between 2012 and 2020. The etiology of EHBO was determined in 21/26 cats, which included inflammatory causes (14/21), neoplastic causes (6/21), and a duodenal foreign body (1/21). Pre-operative hyperbilirubinemia and post-extubation hypotension (mean arterial pressure < 60 mmHg) were statistically associated with reduced short- and long-term survival. Short-term survival was documented in 17/26 cats, and long-term survival in 13/26 cats. Median survival time (MST) was 86 days (range, 0–1497). An MST of 17 days (range, 2–520) in cats with malignancies was found compared to an MST of 1165 days (range, 61–2268) in EHBO resulting from inflammatory complexes. Pre-operative hyperbilirubinemia and immediate post-operative hypotension may represent prognostic factors for cats undergoing surgery for EHBO. Cats with inflammatory causes of EHBO carry a more favorable prognosis than neoplastic causes. Further studies are required to evaluate the validity of the observed associations.
Groundwater Heavy Metal Pollution Characteristics and Health Risk Assessment in Typical Industrial Parks in Southwest China
Authors: Wu Haoyu , Wang Xin , Ren Huarui , Gao Min , Cai Jun , Cheng Jinping
Published: November 2024

This research investigates heavy metals in groundwater from typical industrial parks in Southwest China, in addition to their pollution characteristics and health risks. The findings revealed that the concentrations of Fe, Mn, and Cu in three typical industrial parks in Southwest China exceeded the Class III thresholds of China groundwater quality standards (GB/T 14848-2017, 2017), while the concentrations of the remaining heavy metals remained within the standards. Enterprise production activities and other external factors influenced the spatial distribution characteristics of heavy metals in groundwater. In industrial park MY, Cd and As had homology, and their sources were primarily the packaging and printing, bioengineering, and pharmaceutical industries. Fe and As had homology in industrial park HZ, and their sources were primarily wine and beverage production and the cement and concrete sector; Cd and Cr had homology in industrial park LG, and their sources were principally new materials industries. According to the HPI and HEI assessment criteria, the three industrial parks have minimal environmental contamination. The human health risk assessment results indicate that children have a higher health risk than adults, and drinking water intake is the primary risk exposure pathway for heavy metals in groundwater. The non-carcinogenic risk of heavy metals in the groundwater of the three industrial parks was tolerable for different populations exposed via various pathways; nonetheless, As, Cd, and Cr were discovered to have carcinogenic risk in the three industrial parks. The study’s findings can be used as a valuable reference for managing local groundwater in typical industrial parks in Southwest China.
Insights on the Abiotic/Biotic Interactive Impacts on the Occurrence of PFASs in Municipal Solid Waste Landfill Leachate
Authors: Li Jia , Ye Rongchuan , Zhu Ganghui , Chen Shuhe , Tan Wenbing , Liu Weijiang
Published: November 2024

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) presented in landfill leachate can be transported to groundwater and soil, posing risks to human health in food and water. However, the occurrence characteristics of PFASs in landfill leachate and the influence paths of abiotic and biotic factors have not been fully discussed. Our study found that the detection rate of PFASs in the leachate samples was 100%; ΣPFASs ranged from 1328 ng/L to 37,447 ng/L; and the average ΣPFASs was 9593 ng/L. Most of the physical and chemical indexes in the landfill leachate showed a significant positive correlation with PFASs concentration, with the main physical and chemical factors including TOC, sodium ion, chromium ion, and chloride ion. Moreover, dissolved organic matter had a very important influence on the environmental behavior of PFASs. The degree of dissolved organic matter (DOM) humification promoted the transportation of PFBA and PFBS from the landfill waste to leachate, while microbial DOM inhibited the transportation of ∑13 PFCAs. The microorganisms in the leachate were mainly Firmicutes, Campylobacterota and Proteobacteria, among which there was a negative correlation between PFBS and Proteobacteria, indicating that PFBS was highly toxic to Proteobacteria and would inhibit the growth of Proteobacteria in leachate. Firmicutes and Campylobacterota had little influence on PFASs. However, Synergistota, and Halanaerobiaeota, which had a low abundance, both positively correlated with the various PFASs. This result may imply that these rare microphyla are the main microphyla driving the transformation of PFASs in leachate. Microorganisms in leachate indirectly affected the occurrence of PFASs, mainly by influencing the environmental factors in leachate. Therefore, abiotic factors are important factors affecting PFASs in the landfill leachate. In summary, PFASs pollution management in landfills should be enhanced by regulating abiotic factors to control PFASs in leachate.
Assessment of Drainage Network Configuration Using Gibbs’ Model with Increased Number of Flow Directions
Authors: Seo Yongwon , Hwang Junshik , Woo Dong Kook
Published: November 2024

Stochastic channel network modeling is an informative tool to replicate river networks for the purpose of understanding the variability of geometry and distinguishing observed patterns in networks. In contrast, the application of stochastic network models to artificial or urban drainage networks is not common despite their practical implications for engineering purposes. Gibbs’ model is a useful tool to investigate the network characteristics of drainage networks and also has an advantage to produce alternative networks with the same network characteristics due to its stochastic nature as a network model. This study utilized Gibbs’ model to estimate the network configuration of urban drainage networks in Seoul, South Korea, with an increased number of flow directions from four (N, E, S, W) to eight (N, NE, E, SE, S, SW, W, NW), which enables improved accuracy. Based on that, the network configuration affects the hydrological response directly, the results of this study imply a new design criterion which concerns the connection of upstream and downstream subcatchments with different network configurations to mitigate downstream flooding. Additionally, in order to evaluate the model’s usefulness to be employed to estimate the hydrologic responses of actual drainage networks, the width function-based IUH (WFIUH) was applied to a highly urbanized and pipe-networked catchment of the Shinweol Watershed in Seoul, South Korea.
Leveraging Promotion Mix Strategies to Enhance Lombok's Tourism
Authors: Hizmi Surayyal , Amanda Aura Milinia , Said Farid , Nawawi
Published: November 2024

Despite the significant tourism potential and government initiatives in Indonesia, the popularity of Lombok Island remains below expectations, particularly exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Look Lombok Tour & Travel, a local travel agency, faces substantial challenges in attracting tourists. This study aims to identify the most effective promotional strategies for Look Lombok Tour & Travel's tour packages by applying the Promotion Mix Framework. We collected data from previous annual reports and conducted interviews with three key staff members using a qualitative descriptive methodology, which we then analyzed to identify the strengths and weaknesses of the promotional efforts. The results demonstrate that Look Lombok Tour & Travel employs a comprehensive array of promotional strategies—advertising, public relations, direct marketing, sales promotion, and personal selling—to effectively reach diverse demographics and align with current industry trends. Despite these strategic efforts, the study identifies critical areas needing improvement, including the development of distinctive tour packages, addressing budget limitations, fostering innovation, integrating advanced technologies, and establishing robust evaluation mechanisms. To overcome these challenges and enhance promotional efficacy, the study recommends investing in innovative technology-driven tactics and conducting regular strategic evaluations. These initiatives are anticipated to significantly enhance Lombok's appeal as a tourist destination, ensuring sustainable growth and resilience in its tourism industry.
Sobrepeso e Obesidade em crianças de uma creche no primeiro semestre de 2024: desafios para a saúde pública
Authors: Melo Maria Luíza de Oliveira , Cipriani Luiza Magalhães , Folegatti Beatriz Rosalem , Tavares Marcelo Rodrigo
Published: November 2024

Introdução: A obesidade se refere ao acúmulo anormal de gordura no corpo em grandes proporções, e possui etiologia multifatorial, sendo reconhecida pela Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS) como a maior epidemia de saúde pública mundial; Justificativa: A preocupação dos órgãos públicos de saúde é ainda maior quando relacionada à obesidade infantil, tendo em vista sua relação estreita com o desenvolvimento de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis, como por exemplo diabetes mellitus tipo 2 e hipertensão arterial; Objetivo: Considerando-se o aumento constante dos índices de obesidade infantil no Brasil e no mundo e conhecendo suas implicações para a saúde e o bem-estar da população, esse estudo objetiva monitorar o crescimento e o desenvolvimento das crianças, identificando possíveis desvios relacionados ao excesso de peso e fornecendo informações para a criação de estratégias de prevenção da obesidade infantil; Metodologia: Para isso, procedeu-se à coleta de dados antropométricos, incluindo peso, altura e IMC, das crianças de uma creche da cidade de Alfenas, sendo realizadas visitas semanais no período de um semestre. A coleta seguiu procedimentos padronizados, e ao final os dados foram organizados em tabelas e gráficos para melhor entendimento do perfil nutricional da população infantil avaliada; Resultados: Observou-se uma tendência preocupante em relação ao sobrepeso, mostrando que a população estudada já está vulnerável à condições clínicas relacionadas à obesidade; Conclusão: Conclui-se que a alta prevalência de sobrepeso nas crianças exige intervenções preventivas imediatas, com foco em educação alimentar e atividade física, visando reduzir o risco de doenças crônicas e melhorar a qualidade de vida.
O Impacto da Pandemia de COVID-19 na Cirurgia Eletiva e a Sobrecarga do Sistema de Saúde após o Retorno dos Procedimentos no Brasil: Um Estudo Transversal
Authors: Barros Andressa Dionísio , Pinheiro Anna Jullya Wanderley , Tavares Bianca Rodrigues , Oliveira Fernanda de , Nagem Júlia Rodrigues Silva Salomão , Parreiras Fernanda Cardoso , Santos Eduarda Paes Fontoura Alves dos
Published: November 2024

Introdução: Em fevereiro de 2020 foi registrado o primeiro caso de COVID-19 no Brasil. Devido ao elevado índice de transmissão e da necessidade de hospitalização, a pandemia causou grandes interrupções e sobrecarga nos serviços hospitalares, com isso, houve a necessidade de reduzir de maneira significativa as cirurgias eletivas. Objetivo: Avaliar o impacto da pandemia no atraso das cirurgias eletivas em um hospital público regional. Metodologia: Estudo quantitativo e transversal com base em prontuários de pacientes que realizaram cirurgia no Hospital Lindouro de Avelar Lagoa Santa-MG entre os anos de 2019 a 2023, comparando o número de cirurgias de urgência e eletivas do período pré pandemia e durante pandemia de 2020 a 2021 com o número de cirurgias eletivas e de urgência entre os anos de 2022 e 2023. Analisando o impacto da pandemia no atraso das cirurgias eletivas. Resultados e Discussões: No mundo são realizadas por ano mais de 300 milhões de cirurgias, cerca de seis milhões semanalmente, pode-se mensurar a sobrecarga que a suspensão dos procedimentos durante o período pandêmico ocasionou no sistema de saúde após a pandemia. Somente no Brasil, segundo o Conselho Federal de Medicina - CFM, no ano de 2020 cerca de 30 milhões de atendimentos, incluindo cirurgias eletivas, foram suspensos, afetando procedimentos de baixa e alta complexidade. Conclusão: É notório que a diminuição do número de cirurgias durante a pandemia da COVID-19 gerou grande impacto nos sistemas de saúde e complicações para os pacientes.
International legislative outlets and protection protocols to curb violent and hate speech in digital spaces: balancing technical factors and political influence
Authors: Mohamed Ghazali , Lamia Saber
Published: November 2024

This paper addresses the significant issue of hate and violent speech, a phenomenon that has permeated various aspects of social life, including education, politics, religion, and the media. The media, with its broad reach and influence, has become one of the most powerful tools for spreading hate speech. This paper examines international legal and procedural efforts, such as the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the European Commission’s conventions against hate speech and racism, aimed at reducing hate-driven divisions, sectarian rhetoric, and the risks posed to national and international communities, especially to migrant populations in host countries.
Monitoring urban sprawl using remote sensing and landscape metrics. The case of sidi bel abbes, Algeria
Authors: Bardadi Abdelkader , Souidi Zahira , Boukharouba Khadidja
Published: November 2024

In Algeria, the advance of the urban front towards the peri-urban area has been confirmed since the 1970s and today takes several forms, in particular peri-urbanisation, a new form of urban sprawl that is generating an unprecedented consumption of peri-urban land.
Sidi Bel Abbès, which occupies a strategic position in the north-west of Algeria in terms of population and economic activity, is undergoing a remarkable transformation of its urban space, especially its outskirts.
In order to assess this phenomenon, we thought it worthwhile to explore a suitable spatial analysis method to highlight the inconsistencies of peri-urban dynamics and to monitor spatially, quantitatively and qualitatively the consumption of land by artificial surfaces. To do this, we used high spatial resolution remote sensing and landscape metrics to characterise spatial forms and track urban expansion at scale, methods that have profoundly changed traditional methods of spatial analysis and management.
the results obtained show that in 1987 the urban area of the city of Sidi Bel Abbès occupied a surface of 972.81 ha, while in 2022 the surface occupied by built-up areas amounted to 2,842.91 ha, out of a total surface of 7,054 ha, representing an increase of 1,870.1 ha over the last thirty-five years. The analysis of spatial metrics illustrates the transition from a phase of accelerated landscape fragmentation to one of continuous expansion of existing urbanisation. This expansion is the result of a high growth rate, which would correspond well to the population evolution observed during this period. The increase in built-up area reflects the changing housing needs of the population. This urban dynamic is supported by the unrestricted expansion of the outskirts of Sidi Bel Abbès.
ALGORITHMS AND METHODS FOR COUNTERING PHONE FRAUD IN BUDGETARY ORGANIZATIONS
Authors: Chechulin A. A. , Gorda M.D. , Kumar A.
Published: November 2024

Phone fraud is a serious threat to Russian public organizations, which face limited resources and a shortage of personnel in the field of information security. This paper discusses the main problems associated with phone fraud and proposes foundations for developing protective methodologies. In particular, it addresses ways to raise employee aware- ness and the importance of threat analysis. Although technologies like call profiling and behavioral data analysis are often unavailable to public organizations, staff training and incident analysis remain key measures to enhance security. The paper emphasizes the importance of implementing these measures to minimize risks and prevent potential losses.
DEVELOPMENT OF MECHANISMS FOR CONDUCTING AND OPTIMIZING ONLINE AUCTIONS IN ONLINE ADVERTISING
Authors: Zhukhovitskiy K.M. , Kiseleva T.V.
Published: November 2024

The article deals with the development of Internet advertising in general and online auctions in particular. The principle of operation of online platforms for the purchase of advertising traffic on the Internet is studied. The way of for- mation of prices for the purchase of advertisements, as well as the position and order of display is revealed. The scheme of online bidding on the principle of VCG mechanism is described. The role of bidding as special programs automating the bid management in modern online auctions is considered. The relevance of using them is noted.
Оценка влияния хронической оториноларингологической патологии на качество жизни человека
Authors: П.А. Затолока
Published: November 2024

Введение. Оценка качества жизни – это простой и надежный метод оценки общего благополучия человека, который является полезным при оценке клинической и социальной эффективности различных методов лечения. Цель. Определить влияние хронической патологии уха, глотки, носа и гортани на качество жизни человека. Материалы и методы. В исследовании участвовало 103 пациента, которые были госпитализированы в учреждение здравоохранения «4-я городская клиническая больница имени Н.Е. Савченко» города Минска. Анкетирование выполнили с применением опросника SF-36. Результаты. Хронические заболевания уха, глотки, носа и гортани оказывают существенное влияние на качество жизни человека, вызывая снижение значения интегрального показателя физического компонента здоровья до 66,8±14,1 и психологического компонента здоровья – до 60,2±15,1. Наиболее значимое эмоциональное влияние на качество жизни человека оказывают хронические заболевания глотки, что подтверждено максимальным разрывом между показателями физического компонента здоровья (76,5±10,8) и психологического (64,1±14,2), который составил более 12 единиц. Заключение. Хронические заболевания носа и околоносовых пазух оказывают наиболее значимое негативное влияние на качество жизни (PH – 61,8±14,1, MH – 52,7±11,4), а именно хронический полипозный риносинусит (PH – 63,1±12,2, MH – 52,1±10,4) и хронический гнойный риносинусит (PH – 57,8±14,7, MH – 48,9±13,4).

Introduction. Assessing quality of life is a simple and reliable method of evaluating overall well-being and it is useful in determining both clinical and social effectiveness of various treatments. Purpose. To determine the impact of chronic ear, throat, nose and larynx pathology on human quality of life. Materials and methods. The study involved 103 patients who were hospitalized in the healthcare institution "4th City Clinical Hospital named N.E. Savchenko" in Minsk. The survey was carried out using the SF-36 questionnaire. Results. Chronic ear, pharynx, nose and larynx diseases impact significantly human quality of life, decreasing values of physical component of health integral indicator to 66.8±14.1 and those of psychological component of health to 60.2±15.1. Chronic diseases of the pharynx produce the most significant emotional impact on human life quality that is confirmed by the maximum gap between physical health component (76.5±10.8) and psychological health component (64.1±14.2) indicators, which amounted to more than 12 units. Conclusion. Chronic diseases of the nose and paranasal sinuses have the most significant negative impact on the quality of life (PH – 61.8±14.1, MH – 52.7±11.4), namely, chronic polypous rhinosinusitis (PH – 63.1±12.2, MH – 52.1±10.4) and chronic purulent rhinosinusitis (PH – 57.8±14.7, MH – 48.9±13.4).
Pb-Cd in Maternal Blood and Affecting Factors
Authors: Altuner Yılmaz , Ömür Yeşim , Onur Suzan
Published: November 2024

The exposure to Pb-Cd during pregnancy has negative effects on both the mother and the baby. Karabuk province, which is the center of the iron and steel industry, is a region with a high risk of Pb-Cd exposure. This study was designed to determine the levels of lead and cadmium in maternal blood samples and the factors influencing them. After the ethical committee approval from Karabük Training and Research Hospital Ethical Committee, descriptive and analytical analyses were started on the blood samples collected from 100 pregnant women in their third trimester with the childbirth between 01.09.2018-01.09.2019 in Karabük Training and Research Hospital Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinic. The study, conducted in a descriptive and analytical manner, utilized a 32-question survey form prepared by the researchers and venous blood samples collected simultaneously. For the Pb-Cd analysis, a 3 ml venous blood sample was obtained from pregnant women using a sterile syringe into hemogram tubes with purple caps containing Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). The collected samples were preserved in a -20°C refrigerator immediately after labeling and were kept until they were taken for analysis. Maternal blood samples were analyzed using the Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) Graphite System method. According to the analysis results, the mean maternal blood Pb levels of pregnant women with an average age of 28.3±5.37 were found to be 0.89±0.22 μg/dl, and Cd levels were 0.26±0.07 μg/dl. Maternal blood Pb-Cd levels were compared each other according to five parameters which are socio-demographic aspect, obstetrical variables, location characteristics, dietary history, and cosmetic use. Based on these parameters any statistically significant results were obtained. However, blood lead levels were significantly different in pregnant women who smoked (p=0.001) and were exposed to secondhand smoke (p<0.05) compared to non-smokers and those not exposed to secondhand smoke. On the other hand, there was no significant difference in blood Cd levels with respect to exposure to secondhand smoke (p>0.05). Since exposure to Pb-Cd is not a short-term exposure, but rather long-term exposure to low concentrations in daily life, and because their half-lives are long-term. These results obtained from this study can shed light on future studies which aimed to determine the effect of long- term exposure of heavy metals on pregnant women and infants.
Pelatihan Instalasi dan Implementasi Perangkat CCTV bagi Warga dan Takmir Masjid Al Muttaqin Kabupaten Nganjuk
Authors: Echsony Mohammad Erik , Apriyanto R. Akbar Nur , Pratama R. Gaguk , Ciptaningrum Adiratna , Bisono Rahayu Mekar , Hendra R. Oktav Yama , Faikhsan Edo Zulmi
Published: November 2024

CCTV ini biasanya digunakan di Gedung Kantor, Gedung Sekolah, Gedung Perbelanjaan, Tempat Ibadah dan tempat-tempat lainnya yang memerlukan pengawasan keamanan. Tempat Ibadah khususnya Masjid adalah suatu bangunan yang berfungsi dipergunakan sebagai tempat shalat, baik shalat lima waktu, shalat jumat maupun shalat hari raya. Berangkat dari ramainya orang yang beribadah setiap hari, tentunya juga melibatkan banyak jama’ah, kewaspadaan dari para jamaah yang membawa kendaraan bermotor dan barang-barang lainya perlu selalu ditingkatkan. Kegiatan PKM ini dilatarbelakangi adanya info dari ketua Takmir Masjid AL Muttaqin di Lingk. Jlumpang RT 04 RW 01 Kel. Jatirejo, Kec. Nganjuk, Kab. Nganjuk tentang adanya tindakan kriminal yang sering terjadi di Masjid tersebut. Kegiatan kriminal ini meliputi pencurian kotak amal, pompa air, kendaraan bermotor milik jamaah serta masyarakat sekitar masjid merasa tidak aman dan menjadi kurang hikmat dalam beribadah. Penting untuk menggunakan CCTV dengan bijak, mematuhi regulasi privasi yang berlaku, dan memastikan bahwa penggunaannya sejalan dengan kebutuhan keamanan dan privasi masyarakat. Dalam CCTV terdapat beberapa fitur seperti resolusi tinggi, inframerah, pengaturan sudut pandang yang fleksibel, pendeteksian gerakan, pemantauan jarak jauh, dan penyimpanan data yang memungkinkan pengguna untuk menyimpan rekaman video untuk analisis lebih lanjut atau sebagai bukti jika diperlukan. Dalam pengabdian masyarakat ini akan ada pelatihan instalasi dan implementasi perangkat CCTV pada lingkungan atau pengurus Masjid Al Muttaqin yang terletak di Jl. Jlumpang No.8, Jatirejo, Kec. Nganjuk, Kabupaten Nganjuk, Jawa Timur yang diharapkan dapat bermanfaat untuk keamanan.
Pembuatan Mesin Peniris Madu 8 Sisir Lebah Hutan pada Kelompok Usaha Perhutanan Sosial Desa Teluk Pambang
Authors: Teguh Setyawan Reinaldi , Martianis Erwen
Published: November 2024

Madu merupakan produk pangan yang dihasilkan oleh lebah melalui proses pemisahan cairan madu dari sarang lebah. Di Lembaga Pengelola Hutan Desa (LPHD) Teluk Pambang, pemerasan madu masih dilakukan secara manual dengan tangan, yang mengakibatkan hasil madu belum optimal dan propolis yang dihasilkan tidak merata. Kegiatan ini bertujuan merancang alat pemeras madu yang dapat memeras sarang lebah dan mencetak propolis menjadi kepingan-kepingan dengan menggunakan mekanisme ulir. Alat ini dirancang dengan beberapa kriteria seperti tahan korosi, mudah dioperasikan, mudah dibersihkan, mampu mencetak propolis, dan terjangkau untuk Usaha Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah (UMKM). Perancangan mencakup desain dan pembuatan rangka, tabung saringan, wadah penampung, tuas pemutar, dan plat penekan. Alat ini memiliki kapasitas 4 kg yang mampu memproduksi lebih singkat dibandingkan memeras sarang madu.
Perbaikan Perahu Udang Kelompok Nelayan Desa Simpang Ayam Dengan Metode Laminasi Lambung Kayu Dengan Fiberglass
Authors: Ikhsan Muhammad , B Siswandi , Efrizal Efrizal
Published: November 2024

Perahu nelayan merupakan sebuah sarana atau alat apung lainnya yang digunakan untuk melakukan penangkapan bermacam jenis ikan, udang dan biota laut lainnya. Berbagai jenis, ukuran, bentuk, bahan atau material yang di gunakan pada perahu ini, terdapat berbagai macam permasalahan dan didapatkan mulai dari bahan yang di gunakan, bentuk lambung, ukuran dan juga proses dalam perbaikan yang di alami serta alga dan binatang laut yang membuat keropos material kayu pada perahun nelayan. Berdasarakan permasalahan yang dialami pada kelompok nelayan kurnia laut tim pelaksanaan kegitan pengabdian masyarakat memfokuskan pada proses perbaikan perahu nelayan dengan melaminasikan lambung perahu nelayan dengan fiberglass untuk mengatisipasi terjadinya pelapukan kayu yang diakibatkan oleh binatang laut. proses laminasi sebanyak 3 layer, CSM + WR + CSM , dan selanjutnya di lakukan proses finishing menggunan cat agar mengkilab. Proses laminasi melibatkan langsung oleh kelompok nelayan kurnia laut dengan tujuan agar nelayan kedepannya bisa memperbaiki perahu secara mandiri.
Peningkatan Kemampuan Bahasa Inggris Siswa Melalui Penerapan Buku English Competition Handbook: Panduan untuk Event, Strategi dan Kriteria Penilaian
Authors: Ristra Pretti , Budiana Agnes Arum , Wahana Desi
Published: November 2024

Kompetisi kemampuan bahasa Inggris menjadi wadah penting bagi siswa Sekolah Menengah Atas (SMA) untuk mengembangkan keterampilan berbahasa mereka. Di Kabupaten Bengkalis, keterlibatan siswa dalam ajang kompetisi Sumatra English Olympiad (SEO) masih terbatas pada babak penyisihan. Hal ini menunjukkan adanya kebutuhan akan persiapan yang lebih baik. Pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan keterampilan bahasa Inggris siswa/i SMA di Kabupaten Bengkalis melalui penerapan materi yang kreatif dan efektif berbasis buku English Competition Handbook. Program ini melibatkan pelatihan intensif selama 16 pertemuan, dengan fokus pada teknik speech, story telling, debat, dan news casting. Setelah pelatihan, diadakan Mini English Competition untuk mengevaluasi peningkatan keterampilan siswa. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan adanya peningkatan yang signifikan dalam kepercayaan diri dan keterampilan bahasa Inggris siswa, yang dibuktikan dengan hasil kompetisi mini yang diadakan. Diharapkan, pengabdian ini dapat mempersiapkan siswa SMA untuk lebih kompetitif di tingkat provinsi dan nasional.
Методичний навігатор змішаного навчання
Authors:   ІПООД ім. Ів. Зязюна НАПН України, Котун К.
Published: November 2024

У методичному пораднику розкрито ключові аспекти для впровадження змішаного навчання в закладах вищої освіти, зокрема педагогічного профілю, щодо моделей змішаного навчання, дизайну освітнього процесу, практичних аспектів забезпечення ефективної взаємодії компонентів змішаного навчання. Особливу увагу приділено інтеграції сучасних цифрових платформ, використанню штучного інтелекту, хмарних сервісів, дотриманню принципів безпеки в цифровому освітньому середовищі. Важливим доповненням до порадника є QR-коди, які відкривають доступ до інтерактивних матеріалів, відеогайдів, чек-листів, та інших практичних аспектів, що значно розширюють можливості змішаного навчання.
Розробка методичного порадника здійснена у межах реалізації проєкту (2022.01/0098) «Максимізація ефективності ресурсів змішаного навчання в закладах вищої педагогічної освіти у воєнний час та повоєнного відновлення України» за грантової підтримки Національного фонду досліджень України. Порадник стане незамінним помічником для викладачів ЗВО, зокрема педагогічного профілю, які прагнуть підвищити ефективність змішаного навчання та адаптувати його до сучасних викликів.
INTERVENSI PEMBERIAN REBUSAN JAHE DAN MADU UNTUK MENINGKATKAN BERSIHAN JALAN NAFAS TIDAK EFEKTIF PADA ANAK INFEKSI SALURAN PERNAFASAN AKUT ( ISPA )
Authors: Fitrianingrum Nurlia , Susanti Meity Mulya , Puspitasari Jayanti Dwi
Published: November 2024

Latar belakang : Infeksi Saluran Pernapasan0Akut (ISPA) diartikan sebagai infeksi berbahaya yang menyerang bagian manapun saluran pernapasan, mulai dari hidung hingga jaringan paru-paru.Tujuan : Memberikan Asuhan Keperawatan Pada An.N Dengan Fokus Intervensi Pemberian Reusan Jahe dan Madu Untuk Meningkatkan Bersihan Jalan Nafas Tidak Efektif Pada Anak Infeksi Saluran Pernafasan Akut (ISPA) Di Puskesmas Toroh 1 Kecamatan Toroh Kabupaten Grobogan.Metodologi : Jenis dan rancangan penelitian yang peneliti pilih dalam Karya Tulis Ilmiah ini adalah penelitian kualitatif, dengan rancangan deskriptif yang dilakukan pada kelompok terbatas (1 responden). Sedangkan pendekatan yang peneliti gunakan dalam Karya Tulis Ilmiah ini, dengan menggunakan pendekatan studi kasus. Hasil : Peneliti mengidentifikasi bahwa setelah melakukan pemberian minuman rebusan jahe dan madu selama 3x pertemuan pada pagi setelah sarapan dan malam hari sebelum tidur sebanyak 150 cc setiap pemberian, maka jahe dan madu efektif menurunkan frekuensi batuk tanpa menimbulkan efek samping pada An.NKesimpulan: Ada pengaruh terhadap pemberian minuman rebusan jahe dan madu untuk meningkatkan bersihan jalan nafas tidak efektif pada pasien anak dengan Infeksi Saluran Pernafasan Akut (ISPA). Kata kunci : Infeksi Saluran Pernafasan Akut (ISPA), Jahe, Madu, Anak
PENGARUH EDUKASI PERMESURI TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP REMAJA PUTRI DALAM MENCEGAH PRURITUS VULVAE
Authors: Hudayami Cut Indri , Dwi Nandia Jumiati Riskiyani
Published: November 2024

Latar belakang; Statistik Indonesia menunjukkan 63 juta dari 69,4 juta remaja memiliki perilaku kebersihan buruk dikarenakan mereka tidak merawat alat kelaminnya saat menstruasi, terdapat 30% dari perilaku yang tidak higienis disebabkan oleh area yang tidak bersih dan tidak sehat, sedangkan 70% sisanya disebabkan oleh penggunaan pembalut yang tidak tepat saat menstruasi dan kurangnya kebersihan saat menstruasi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui Pengaruh Edukasi Permesuri Terhadap Pengetahuan dan Sikap Remaja Putri Dalam Mencegah Pruritus Vulvae di Smp Muhammadiyah Sokaraja.Metode; Penelitian ini menggunakan studi kuantitatif pre-experiment dengan one group pre-test dan post-test design dengan responden siswi putri kelas 7 dan 8, dengan populasi sebanyak 60 siswi putri dan sampel 50 siswi. Teknik sampling yang digunakan purpossive sampling, yang dilakukan pada 14 Mei -  21 Mei 2024 di Smp Muhammadiyah SokarajaHasil; Penelitian ini nenunjukan bahwa 48 (96%) siswi memiliki pengetahuan baik dan 46 (92%) siswi memiliki sikap yang baik, membuktikan ada pengaruh edukasi permesuri terhadap pengetahuan dengan p value: 0,000 dan ada pengaruh edukasi permesuri terhadap sikap dengan p value: 0,000.Kesimpulan; Hasil analisis menunjukan adanya pengaruh edukasi permesuri terhadap pengetahuan dan sikap remaja putri dalam mencegah pruritus vulvae di Smp Muhammadiyah Sokaraja.   Kata kunci; Pengetahuan, sikap, pruritus vulvae, remaja putri
PENGARUH SENAM OTAK TERHADAP KONSENTRASI BELAJAR SISWA DI SDN 1 RANCAMAYA KECAMATAN CILONGOK
Authors: Silviana Hylda Desti , Elsanti Devita
Published: November 2024

Latar belakang: Konsentrasi merupakan suatu aspek yang penting dalam bidang pendidikan agar dalam suatu proses pembelajaran akan mencapai pada indikator keberhasilan. Semakin tinggi konsentrasi siswa maka semakin cepat menangkap materi, semakin rendah konsentrasi belajar siswa maka akan semakin sulit dalam menerima materi, maka dari itu diperlukan treatment untuk meningkatkan fungsi kognitif dengan menggunakan metode senam otak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh senam otak terhadap konsentrasi belajar siswa di SDN 1 Rancamaya Kecamatan Cilongok. Metode: Penelitian kuantitatif ini menggunakan desain pre eksperimental one group pre test-post test design dengan jumlah responden 31 kelas 5 SDN 1 Rancamaya Kecamatan Cilongok dengan teknik total sampling. Gambaran konsentrasi diukur pada saat sebelum dan sesudah di berikan terapi intervensi senam otak. Analisis bivariat menggunakan uji paired T test. Hasil: Hasil skor pretest menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata konsentrasi belajar siswa setelah diberikan senam otak sebesar 32,42. Sedangkan hasil posttest menunjukkan rata-rata konsentrasi belajar siswa setelah dilakukan senam otak sebesar 37,42. Hal ini menunjukkan adanya pengaruh yang signifikan antara senam otak terhadap konsentrasi belajar siswa di SDN 1 Rancamaya Kecamatan Cilongok dengan nilai Sig (2-tailed) sebesar < 0,001. Kesimpulan: Berdasarkan hasil penelitian implikasi yang dilakukan adalah melakukan sosialisasi di instansi pendidikan mengenai pentingnya dilaksanakannya senam otak. Kata kunci : Sekolah Dasar, konsentrasi, belajar, treatment, senam otak.