bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Arte y enseñanza en Cuba
Authors: Pereira Perera María de los Ángeles
Published: March 2023

En este texto se comenta la experiencia cubana en el campo de la enseñanza del arte actual en la carrera de Historia del Arte de la Universidad de La Habana, destacándose las estrechas relaciones que se establecen entre la docencia universitaria, la enseñanza artística y el propio desarrollo del arte contemporáneo. En el segmento inicial se pondera la sostenida tradición pedagógica que se remonta a los primeros cursos públicos de Historia del Arte implementados en Cuba a inicios de los años treinta del siglo pasado. A continuación se hace énfasis en el favorable impacto que tuvo el surgimiento del nivel superior de enseñanza artística en el movimiento artístico que emerge en la Isla a partir de la década de los ochenta, y en el consecuente perfeccionamiento curricular de la carrera de Historia del Arte. Por último, se comenta la experiencia pedagógica de la enseñanza del arte actual en Cuba, en diálogo con diversas disciplinas como la Teoría, la Investigación y la Crítica de Arte, así como la importancia de un tipo de formación profesional cuyo pilar fundamental es la implicación del estudiante en las dinámicas de la práctica social.
Vacíos y residuos urbanos
Authors: Guzmán Ramírez Alejandro
Published: March 2023

Partiendo de la idea de lo público como libre acceso a la población, sin distinción de edad, condición social o de género, y considerando que el espacio público abarca desde edificios cerrados y lugares abiertos hasta espacios virtuales como el caso de internet. El arte público será entonces el arte desarrollado en estos sitios y que favorece la apropiación del mismo, sin distinción de lenguajes y modos de producción.

A pesar de la creciente virtualización de nuestros mundos en el internet, la ciudad todavía es una sustancia física no-reemplazable, ya que su atracción cómo máxima expresión cultural y social perdura. Ahora, más que nunca, los artistas deben reflexionar sobre su contribución a la imagen de la urbe, ya que esta cobra una importancia innegable para la identificación del habitante con su ciudad y en el fortalecimiento de la cultura urbana.
Grafiti legal y evolucionado
Authors: Bruce Caitlin Frances
Published: March 2023

En este artículo explico cómo hoy en día la forma de grafiti legal en León puede ser mejorada. A través de teorías del derecho a la ciudad, críticas de la idea de “ventanas rotas” y “tolerancia cero”, así como la idea de “inclusión excluyente” de Rossana Reguillo-Cruz, desarrollo un modelo de instituto de grafiti legal. Dicho programa consta de cuatros partes: 1) espacios libres de permiso, 2) murales artísticos, 3) talleres para jóvenes, y 4) eventos y exposiciones. Este programa debería ser encabezado por los mismos artistas y jóvenes, y no los hombres y mujeres de negocios o los partidos políticos.
Fragmento del libro De flores y montañas. Memorias de un refugio en San Cristóbal de las Casas
Authors: Ordóñez Monribot Héctor Jorge
Published: March 2023

Se presenta un capítulo del conjunto de crónicas titulado De flores y montañas. Memorias de un refugio en San Cristóbal de las Casas, de Héctor Jorge Ordóñez Monribot (Zacatecas, 1990); publicado por la Ibero León en 2018 y presentado en la Feria Internacional del Libro de Guadalajara. El autor es egresado de la carrera en Comunicación de la Universidad Iberoamericana León. La obra, su ópera prima, es el resultado de sus experiencias como voluntario de servicio social, en la modalidad de inserción, y posteriormente como coordinador en La Casa de las Flores, organización que atiende a niñas y niños indígenas en condición de trabajo de calle y ambulantaje, ubicada en San Cristóbal de las Casas, Chiapas. De este libro, el escritor Juan Villoro comentó para su contraportada: “Bitácora de un aprendizaje entre quienes nada tienen, De flores y montañas. Memorias de un refugio en San Cristóbal de las Casas abre una ventana hacia un país solidario, todavía futuro, que comienza a existir en estas páginas”.
Quality of hydro-meteorological data in remote stations: the case of Weito river watershed, Ethiopia
Authors: Ayana Melkamu Teshome , Mohammed Abdella Kemal , Hatiye Samuel Dagalo , Workineh Aschalew Cherie , Worku Fasil Teshome
Published: March 2023

Engineering studies of water resources development and management heavily depends on hydro-meteorological data. Some of the errors, manual or machine, might exist in the stream flow observation that we collect from different organizations. The main objective of this study was to identify the implications of hydro-meteorological data quality on water resources planning in Weito Watershed. Hydrological and meteorological data of 1985-2011 were collected from MoWIE and NMA. Grubbs T-test was used for identifying outliers in the observed data. In addition, F and t-test for stability of variance and mean were carried out, respectively. Estimation of D-days average minimum flow was also done. Based on 1985-2011 hydro-meteorological data, Grubbs T-value, F-test, and t-test yielded value of 2.86, 0.897 and -0.05, respectively. This indicates, stability of the historical data against mean and variance with no or insignificant outlying values. During the identified dry periods, average minimum flow during 7, 15, and 30 days showed water availability above 5m3/s in the river. The statistical data analysis test and D-days average minimum flow indicated no inflated historical data problem in Weito gauged near bridge. However, the local community did not agree with the results obtained. Therefore, we strictly recommend stake holders, research institutions, and organizations to further verify the quality of these data.
Water Purification with Direct Solar Desalination for Arid Areas in Ethiopia
Authors: Hussien Jibril , Kassa Kinfe , Mogesse Beshah
Published: March 2023

The use of solar energy in thermal desalination processes is one of the most promising applications of in water purification. Solar desalination can either be direct; use solar energy to produce distillate directly in the solar collector, or indirect; combining conventional desalination techniques, such as vapor compression (VC) and multistage flash desalination (MSF), with solar collectors for heat generation. This paper describes a pilot study of direct desalination technology. The pilot experiment of desalination system was made up of a single basin (1.5m x 1.8m basin area) and two sided roof with 15 degree to the horizontal and sealed roof of 4 mm thick glasses. The glass cover roof was positioned from East to West orientation and obstruction free area to increase the efficiency of available sunlight utilization. Water quality parameters of the water and treated water were tested at Arba Minch University Water quality Laboratory. The study revealed that, the average yield of the distillate water was 2.6 L/m2/ day, where the average efficiency of the system was 29.5 %.Regression analysis showed that climatic variables such as temperature, wind speed and solar intensity were observed to affect the treatment efficiency of the production of distilled water in this pilot study. Accordingly, the experiment output transposed to Dollo Ado, Somali Regional state and the solar still was predicted to produce 3.4 - 5 L/m2 /day with climate condition of the area. Although the system requires large area with relatively low production, it is still suitable for use in remote and arid with high temperature.
EFFECT OF IRRIGATION FREQUENCY ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF SOYBEAN
Authors:   Department of Agricultural and Industrial Engineering, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur. Bangladesh, Sinha B. , Fahmida M. ,   Department of Agricultural and Industrial Engineering, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur. Bangladesh, Rahman M. S. ,   Department of Agricultural and Industrial Engineering, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur. Bangladesh
Published: March 2023

A field experiment was conducted at the research field of HSTU, Dinajpur during November 2019 to March 2020 to find out the effect of irrigation frequency on the growth and yield of Soybean (Glycine max L.) cv. BARI Soybean-6. The experiment was carried out with a RCBD with four replications of irrigation treatments viz, I0= no irrigation (control), I1= one time at 20 days after sowing (DAS), I2= two times (20 and 40 DAS), I3= three times (20, 40, and 60 DAS). At 105 DAS the highest plant height (52.53 cm) was found from I2 treatment and the shortest plant (45.82 cm) from I0 treatment. The highest (5.91) leaf area index was obtained from the treatment of three irrigation (I3) at 90 DAS and the lowest (5.1) leaf area index from the control (I0). At the 90 DAS highest nodule number (9.208) and the lowest nodule number was (6.459) recorded from I3 and I0, respectively. The highest (90.09 g) fresh weight was obtained from the treatment I2 at 90 DAS and the lowest (65.64 g) was recorded in I0. I3 produced the highest amount of dry matter of (29.50 g) and the lowest amount of dry matter production at harvest (20.67 g) in I0 treatment. The highest seed yield was observed from I2 (1.638 t ha-1 ) which was statistically similar with I3 whereas, the lowest obtained from I0 (1.075 t ha-1 ). The highest small stover yield was obtained from I3 (1.759 t ha-1 ) which is statistically similar to I2 (1.754 t ha-1 ) whereas the lowest was observed from I0 (1.540 t ha-1 ) which was statistically similar to I1 (1.566 t ha-1 ). The highest biological yield was found from I2 (3.425 t ha-1 ) which is statistically similar to I3 and the lowest was obtained from I0 (2.56 t ha-1 ). The maximum harvest index was found from I2 (47.71 %) and the minimum was obtained from I0 (40.81 %). I2 treatment showed more significant results than the other treatment I0, I1 and I3. So, two times irrigation showed significant effect showed the highest yield of 1.638 t ha-1.
POVERTY AND ETHNIC MINORITY IN BANGLADESH: A SOCIOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION ON CHAKMA COMMUNITY
Authors:   Department of Sociology, Jagannath University, Dhaka, Bangladesh, Mahmud A. , Islam M. R. ,   Department of Sociology, Jagannath University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Published: March 2023

This paper attempts to depict the deteriorating socio-economic status of the indigenous community as an ethnic minority in Bangladesh. The study focuses on the poverty of the community, which is deprived by the majority of Bengalis. This is explained through a broad spectrum of issues that constructed the structure of the discrimination occurring against the community in Bangladesh. The article is based on an empirical study in Rangamati through a survey method using a structured questionnaire. The structure of poverty and its correlates thereof were explained following a systematic poverty measurement technique. The study includes measuring the Headcount ratio, Poverty gap, Squared poverty gap, and Gini- coefficient that made poverty rate and extent of poverty. The major findings reveal that the Chakma community is not only suffering from severe poverty but also faces discrimination and deprivation to a great extent. Results reveal that the Chakma community’s large extent of poverty is caused by belongingness to the minority group while the group has lower inequality or Gini-coefficient among the group. Based on the findings, the study suggests specific policy guidelines for comprehensive poverty alleviation programs in order to improve the socioeconomic conditions of the indigenous community in Bangladesh.
IMPACT OF CAPITAL STRUCTURE ON BANK PERFORMANCE: A STUDY ON JANATA BANK LIMITED OF BANGLADESH
Authors:   1Department of Finance and Banking, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, Bangladesh, Begum H. , Rimu S. ,   1Department of Finance and Banking, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, Bangladesh, Ara J. ,   1Department of Finance and Banking, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, Bangladesh
Published: March 2023

This study aims to examine the impact of capital structure on the bank performance of Janata Bank Limited (JBL) from 2011 to 2021. Furthermore, the goal of this study is to determine the connection between debt combinations and financial performance. For analysis, secondary data are mainly used from the last 11 years (2011-2021) annual reports of Janata Bank Limited. In this study capital structure measures (long-term debt on equity, long-term debt on the asset, total debt on equity, total debt on the asset, short-term debt on equity, short-term debt asset) are selected as the independent variables, and performance measures (return on asset, return on equity, return on investment) were considered as the dependent variables. As statistical tools, regression and correlation analysis have been used in this study. The study's findings demonstrated a strong correlation between JBL's capital structure and financial performance.
The Posthuman Turn in Cory Doctorow’s short story “I, Robot” (2007)
Authors: Kumar Sunil , Singh Dr. Ravinder
Published: March 2023

In recent times, robots have become increasingly human like both in their behaviour and appearance. Undoubtedly, such technological developments are essentially useful when it comes to preserving and improving the quality of life either in the fields of healthcare or education. But significant body of studies also demonstrates that humans frequently have a negative sense of eeriness, danger, and menace when they are around robots. This research paper will analyse the short story, "I, Robot" by Cory Doctorow through the prism of posthumanism and look at the problem of state or governmental monopolisation of information technology while acting as a deep state by subjugating the common masses through policing. The study further examines the negative and positive aspect of Isaac Asimov's three laws of robots and the function that human consciousness plays in acceptance of robots that do not adhere to the three laws.
‘Remapping External and Internal Terrains’ in Indigenous Canadian Literature: An Ecocritical Study of Select Canadian fiction
Authors: Bhandari Dr. Sumedha
Published: March 2023

Native environmental literature is often misconstrued as empty praise of everything natural and that aboriginals are an integral part of nature giving them a holistic mode of subsistence. The interconnections between the natural world and the natives have been a part of numerous literatures, especially the ones that give voice to aboriginal expression. Canadian literature has often been caught between the Eurocentric appreciation of nature's beauty and the aboriginal expression of nature's essence. The present article explores various nuances of ecology as reflected in the select Canadian literary texts.
Discourses of Power Through Oral Consumption in Margaret Atwood’s Select Novels
Authors: Bhayana Garima , Sharma Dr Sneh Lata
Published: March 2023

In several works by Margaret Atwood, food is a metaphor for power. The powerful ones eat and the weak counterparts do not. Power is latent under the acts of consumption in daily life basic survival acts. The paper discusses aspects mentioned about food in Atwood’s novels, notably feminist ideas of eating disorders that invite intriguing significations regarding the food motif. The analysis of the politics of eating in her works within the framework of Foucauldian discourse overlapping with Gramscian hegemonic economy, offers a fresh perspective on women's subverted position attributed to food.
New Historicist Reading of Shauna Singh Baldwin’s What the Body Remembers
Authors: Bansal Dr. Tania
Published: March 2023

The paper analyses the novel What the Body Remembers by Shauna Singh Baldwin from the perspective of the theory of New Historicism. It looks at the reasons behind the genesis of the much researched work of historical fiction locating the text in the political, historical and socio-cultural context. Baldwin rewrites the troubled past which is firmly indicated by the usage of the word ‘Partition.’ The paper attempts at locating the novel in an historical hour, re-reading the historical text within the ‘frame’ of history.
Measurement-Induced Nonlocality in an n-Partite Quantum State
Authors: Hassan Ali Saif M. , Joag Pramod S.
Published: March 2023

We generalize the concept of measurement-induced non-locality (MIN) to an n-partite quantum state. We get exact analytical expressions for MIN in an n-partite pure and n-qubit mixed state. We obtain the conditions under which MiN equals geometric quantum discord in an n-partite pure state and an n-qubit mixed state.
المساواة في شريعة الإسلام وأثرها في الروابط الاجتماعية قراءة فقهية تحليلية معاصرة
Authors: لأشموري علي محمد عبدالله
Published: March 2023

في هذا البحث يحاول الباحث أن يسهم برؤية لأهمية المساواة مدعومة بالنصوص المعصومة بالقرآن والسنة التي تكفل

للإنسانية العيش المشترك، والبناء الحضاري المترقي في الكمالات ليحقق الاستخلاف الالهي للإنسان في هذا الكوكب الذي

يحتوي على الخيرات والنعم التي تجعل من الإنسان إنساناً محورياً في هذا الوجود من خلال المشروع الإلهي الذي رتب حركة

المخلوق بناءً على التوحيد المطلق لله، والمساواة ونسخ الألوهية البشرية وإيقاف تسلط الانسان على أخيه الإنسان الذي تشتد

الحاجة إليه أكثر فأكثر من أي وقت مضى، بعد أن صار العالم قرية واحدة. حيث كثرت الانتهاكات الفاضحة لحقوق الانسان

والفلسفات المنحازة لصالح الهيمنة والتسلط والإقصاء والتهميش، لهذا يجب إبراز المنهج القرآني والحديث النبوي في التحرير

والتغيير، ودور الايمان بالله الواحد في تحقيق المساواة أساس حقوق الانسان، واستشعار المسؤولية تجاه كرامة الإنسان حيثما

كان وبناء انسان الفكرة المنتج ليكون البديل عن إنسان الغريزة المستهلك، تلك الغريزة التي كانت السبب الرئيس في التيه

المتلاحق عبر قرون عديدة للإنسان البشري المُكرم من الله، ذلك أن خلود القيم الإنسانية يعني القدرة على الانتاج في كل زمان

ومكان، وتوليد رؤى قادرة على انتشال الإنسان من أزمته، وتخليصه من الانشطار الثقافي.
Divisibility Of Integer By Matrix Multiplication Method
Authors: Ahmed1 Ali. A. M. , Salman M. A. , Al-Qadasi Miason , Pawar D. D. , Bondar K. L.
Published: March 2023

In this paper we present a new divisibility method by using matrix multiplication totest any number X is divisible or not divisible by any integer. If X is not divisible, thenthis method is also useful finding the remainder.Keywords: Integer division, divisibility rules, matrix multiplication methodAMS Classiffcation: 11A05, 11A51JEL Classiffcation: C60, C65
مجلس دول البحر الأحمر وخليج عدن (صراع التواجد والنفوذ)
Authors: مطهر حسين محمد حسين
Published: March 2023

هدفت الدراسة الى بيان أهمية البحر الأحمر ومضيق باب المندب في استراتيجية القوى الدولية والإقليمية، وماهي دوافعها السياسية والاقتصادية والأمنية، وتوضيح أسباب الصراع الحقيقية في المنطقة ومن هي الدول الفاعلة في هذه المنطقة.

وقد قامت الدراسة على فرضية اساسية مفادها ان السعودية تلعب دورا رئيسيا وخفيا خدمة للمشروع الأمريكي البريطاني الصهيوني في إجبار الدولة العربية والخليجية والإسلامية بالاعتراف بدولة الكيان الصهيوني من خلال صفقة القرن والتطبيع الكامل معها وهو امر له مغزى وهدف عميق وواضح الدلالة بقيام السعودية بلعب هذا الدور والتوصل الى تسوية سلمية للقضية الفلسطينية لصالح دولة الكيان الصهيوني، فالواقع ان الدعم الأمريكي لإسرائيل قد اوكل للسعودية والامارات للقيام بهذا الدور من اجل محاصرة ايران وحلفائها في المنطقة.

من الاستنتاجات السابقة قادتنا الى توصيات تم التوصل اليها أهمها:

العمل على ابعاد المنطقة عن دوائر الصراع والاستقطاب الدولي والإقليمي والامتناع عن منح التسهيلات وتأجير الموانئ والجزر للدول الأجنبية لأقامه قواعد عسكرية عليها.

تعزيز التعاون العربي والإسلامي للحفاظ على البحر الأحمر بحيرة عربية خالصة بعيدة عن النفوذ الأجنبي والدولي متجنبا لتحويله لساحة حرب بين قوى دولية على حساب شعوب المنطقة.

الدعوة الى إيقاف العدوان السعودي الاماراتي على اليمن لان استمراره يزيد المخاطر على الملاحة في البحر الأحمر وخليج عدن.
Quantum Correlation Dynamics of Three Qubits in Non-Markovian Environments
Authors: Shukri M. A. , Alzahri Fares S. S. , Hassan Ali Saif M.
Published: March 2023

We investigate the quantum correlation dynamics of three independent qubits each locally interacting with a zero temperature non-Markovian reservoir by using the Geometric measure of quantum discord (GQD). The dependence of quantum correlation dynamicson amount of non-Markovian, the degree of initial quantum correlation and purity of the initial states are studied in detail. It is found that the quantum correlation of such three qubits system revives after instantaneous disappearance period when a proper amount of non-Markovian is present. A comparison to the pairwise quantum discord and entanglement dynamics in three qubits system is also made.
Gender Roles and Relations in the Later Age: Perceptions and Practices of Older Couples in Dhaka City, Bangladesh
Authors: Dey Soma , Mou Khan Tahdia Tasnim
Published: March 2023

This article reveals the gendered impacts of ageing by examining the lived experience of older couples in Dhaka city. Based on an analysis of data collected through in-depth interviews, the findings reveal that the value of aged parents remains significant in the families of urban working couples. However, with advancing age and the breaking down of the traditional family system, older couples experience substantial changes in their gender roles and power status within the domestic sphere. Losing family breadwinner roles, lonely retired men suffer more from the feeling of powerlessness, whereas their wives keep on caregiving responsibilities. The altered life circumstances boost a sense of equality in some men, making them more caring and empathetic towards their wives. On the contrary, guided by traditional norms and values, several older men remain dominant and exercise control over their spouses as they did throughout their married life.
Cultural Understanding of Infertility in the context of Bangladesh
Authors: Habib Sumiaya
Published: March 2023

This paper discusses the cultural understanding and socio-cultural definition of infertile people in the context of Bangladesh. The essence of motherhood and significance of child bearing are generally appreciated in the patriarchal society of Bangladesh. On the other hand, infertility and the consequences of infertility engaged the infertile people to be stigmatized. However, the consequences of infertility is much social than biological. Thus, the biomedical definition of infertile has been challenged by the cultural understanding of infertile. The dissimilar experiences of infertile life between men and women and class situation attributed the perception in explaining the overall condition of infertile people of Bangladesh. The paper explores the resilience and agency to minimize the stigma and grief of the infertile man and women.
İNSAN HAKLARI, MÜLTECİLER VE DEVLET; ELEŞTİREL BİR YAKLAŞIM
Authors: SAPARCA Yılmaz C.
Published: March 2023

İnsanların yüzyıllardır yaşadıkları hak ihlallerinin bir çözümü olarak ortaya çıkan insan hakları kavramı son zamanlarda tartışılan kavramlardan biridir. Günümüzde hak ihlallerinin çok büyük bir kısmı göç, mülteciler ve göçmenler üzerinden ortaya çıkmaktadır. Makalede ilk iki bölümde insan hakları kavramı açıklanıp göç ile alakalı temel sorunlar kısaca ele alınmakta, mülteci ve göçmenlerin yaşadıkları insan hakları ihlallerinin boyutu gösterilmeye çalışılmıştır. Makalenin ana gövdesini ise insan hakları hakkındaki eleştirel bölüm oluşturmaktadır. Eleştiriler salt soyut ve teorik olmasından ziyade göç, mülteciler ve göçmenler gibi somut konular çerçevesinde ele alınmaktadır. Bu eleştiriler devletlerin rolünün öne çıktığı birbiriyle bağlantılı beş başlıkta ele alınmaktadır. İlk olarak modernitenin insan hakları söylemini nasıl ideolojisine alet ettiği, Batı’nın üstünlüğünü kurmada ve devam ettirmede bu söylemi nasıl kullandığı, apolitik görünen insan hakları rejimlerinin yeni sömürgeci düzenin işleyişinde nasıl rol oynadığı ele alınmaktadır. İkinci olarak bu evrenselci söyleme alternatif olarak kültürel göreliliği tavsiye edenlerin temel çıkmazlarına, onların iddialarına getirilen eleştirilere yer verilmiştir. Üçüncü olarak iktidarın bedenler ve hayatlar üzerindeki rolüne odaklanılmış, insan hakları-ulus devlet ilişkisinin sorunları ele alınmıştır. Dördüncü olarak insan hakları konusunda devletin rolü, egemenlik meselesi ve vatandaşlık üzerinden ele alınmıştır. Son olarak da devletlerin hukukun üstünlüğü kavramını alet ederek uygulama ve kararlarına meşruiyet kazandırma siyasetleri tartışılmıştır. Sonuç olarak insan hakları düşüncesi yüce, büyük bir ideale atıf yapsa da arka planda çıkar hesaplarının ve siyasi oyunların aleti olmaktadır. Bu umutsuz idealizmin en büyük mağdurları ise değişen ve nereye gittiği henüz net olmayan, dünya siyasetinin gerilimleri arasında sıkışan, himayesiz ve hak’sız kalan bu insanlardır.
A REVIEW OF ASYLUM AND MIGRATION POLICIES OF POLITICAL GROUPS IN THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT
Authors: DENİŞ Halil Emre , KARAMAN Fehmi
Published: March 2023

The phenomenon of migration also existed concurrently with the existence of human history. It is known that immigrants lead to many changes in the countries they migrate to. With the beginning of migration movements, changes are experienced in economic, political, social, cultural, and other areas. The European Union has become a target point of migration movements due to its good living standards and sensitivity to democracy, the rule of law, and human rights. Most migrants making their way to the European Union apply for asylum. The European Union is experiencing great difficulties due to the recent mass migration movements. Mass migration flows into the European Union have led to a test of the Union's values. The European Union has started to implement security-oriented policies to cope with mass migrations. Its policies on migration and asylum have also led to the development of human rights problems.
In this study, the objective is to examine the asylum and migration policies of political groups within the European Parliament. The views of these groups in the context of asylum and migration policies will be examined, and their similarities and differences will be reviewed.
Los fraudes a la predeterminación legal de los órganos jurisdiccionales
Authors: Cano Sonia
Published: March 2023

Despite the recognition made in article 24 of the Constitution giving the Ordinary Judge predetermined by law, attacks against it can frequently be seen. The essential content of the right does not only imply the existence of a legal norm entitling the creation of a court, but it also rightly covers other elements for the right in order to display its entire field of action. Thus, the right to the ordinary judge predetermined by law must include the generic and a priori determination of competence, as well as the legal predetermination of the rules of composition of the court. These last three aspects are the ones considered in this research in order to highlight the surprising number of situations in which jurisdiction and competence of the judges is tampered with. Specifically, a detailed analysis of suspicious tactics aiming directly or indirectly to falsify the content of these three constitutional guarantees throughout the forty years of the existence of the right within the Constitution. At the same time, Constitutional and European case law on the three guarantees, the latter being particularly unknown, also the ones of the European Court of Human Rights. With all this, we try to contribute to the preservation of the real independence of our courts.

A pesar del reconocimiento realizado en el artículo 24 de la Constitución al derecho al juez ordinario predeterminado por la ley, con demasiada frecuencia se producen ataques al mismo. El contenido esencial del derecho no sólo implica la existencia de una norma legal para la creación de un órgano jurisdiccional, sino que además abarca necesariamente otros elementos para que el derecho despliegue todo su campo de actuación. Así pues, el derecho al juez ordinario predeterminado por la ley debe incluir también la determinación genérica y apriorística de la competencia, así como la predeterminación legal de las normas de composición del órgano. Estos tres últimos aspectos son los que se consideran en este trabajo para poner de manifiesto el número sorprendente de situaciones en que la jurisdicción y competencia de los jueces intenta ser manipulada. En concreto, se detallan las maniobras sospechosas enfocadas directa o indirectamente a falsear el contenido de esas tres garantías en los cuarenta años de la existencia del derecho en la Constitución. Paralelamente se da cuenta de la jurisprudencia constitucional y europea sobre las tres garantías, siendo particularmente desconocida esta última, la del Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos. Con todo ello se intenta contribuir a la preservación de la independencia real de nuestros órganos jurisdiccionales.
Oposición política y justicia constitucional
Authors: Fondevila Marón Manuel
Published: March 2023

En las democracias pluralistas actuales, la confrontación partidaria entre mayorías y minorías ha sustituido los pesos y contrapesos en los que se basaba la clásica doctrina de la separación de poderes. Es en el seno de estas donde la justicia constitucional resulta ser un elemento esencial para garantizar el estatus jurídico de la oposición y dotar de racionalidad a todo el ordenamiento jurídico. Ello solo puede conseguirse a través de lo que es su función más característica: el control de constitucionalidad de las leyes. Un análisis del sistema de justicia constitucional español y de la jurisprudencia emanada de nuestro Tribunal Constitucional en comparación con otros Estados de nuestro entorno muestra que las minorías han podido contar con un cierto nivel de protección en tanto que ostentaban la condición parlamentaria. La mejora de su estatus requiere la aprobación de un “Derecho de la Oposición” y ampliar la legitimación tanto del conflicto entre órganos constitucionales (incluyendo, como en Alemania a facciones de los mismos) como del recurso de inconstitucionalidad (a las minorías autonómicas).
OBTENCIÓN DE CARTOGRAFÍAS DE USOS Y COBERTURAS DEL SUELO DE LA DEMARCACIÓN HIDROGRÁFICA DEL SEGURA PARA EL PERIODO 1986-2019, EMPLEANDO TELEDETECCIÓN Y CLASIFICACIÓN DIGITAL DE IMÁGENES
Authors: Rodríguez Valero María Isabel , Alonso Sarria Francisco
Published: March 2023

Land use and land cover changes have diverse envirnomental implications. An increasing number of studies are showing a direct link between land cover change and the acceleration of climate change. Digital classification of remotely sensed images is a strong tool for assessing the degree of environmental transformation due to anthropogenic factors.

The aim of this work is to use remote sensing and digital image classification to obtain cartographies of land use and land cover in the Segura Hydrographic Demarcation, for the period between 1986 and 2019 and to analyse the observed changes. Random Forest with Landsat 5, 7 and 8 images was used to achieve this goal; although the overall accuracy achieved indicates that there is room for improvement in the model fit, the classifications obtained are considered reliable.in addition, they will be analysed to determine the most significant changes that the land surface of the study area has undergone. With regard to land use and land cover, a decrease in forest use and an increase in agricultural use, the area covered by scrubland, bare soil and greenhouses are obtained.

Los cambios en los usos y coberturas del suelo conllevan consecuencias ambientales de diverso tipo. Cada vez son más los estudios que demuestran la existencia de una relación directa entre los cambios en la cobertura terrestre y la aceleración del cambio climático. La clasificación digital de imágenes obtenidas mediante teledetección es una potente herramienta para evaluar el grado de transformación ambiental debido a factores antropogénicos.

El objetivo de este trabajo es emplear teledetección y clasificación digital de imágenes para obtener cartografías de usos y coberturas del suelo en la Demarcación Hidrográfica del Segura, para el periodo comprendido entre 1986 y 2019; además, los resultados se analizarán para conocer los cambios más significativos que haya experimentado la superficie terrestre del área de estudio. Para ello se ha utilizado el algoritmo Random Forest con imágenes de Landsat 5, 7 y 8; aunque la exactitud global conseguida indica que existe un margen de mejora en el ajuste del modelo, las clasificaciones obtenidas se consideran fiables. Respecto a los usos y coberturas del suelo, se obtiene una disminución del uso forestal y un aumento de los usos agrícolas, la superficie cubierta por matorral, los suelos desnudos y los invernaderos.
LA NUEVA POLÍTICA AGRÍCOLA EN MÉXICO Y LOS PEQUEÑOS PRODUCTORES DE MAÍZ DE LA PENÍNSULA DE YUCATÁN (2019-2021)
Authors: Echánove Huacuja Flavia
Published: March 2023

THE NEW AGRICULTURAL POLICY IN MEXICO AND SMALL MAIZE PRODUCERS IN THE YUCATAN PENINSULA (2019-2021)
For decades, Mexico's segmented agricultural policy has supported small maize producers mainly with poverty assistance subsidies, while medium and large producers have concentrated subsidies for productive development. The current president (Andrés Manuel López Obrador) implemented the novel guarantee (or minimum) price program for small and medium grain producers, the central objective of this article being the analysis of their characteristics and vulnerabilities of that program, as well as their operation and effect on small maize producers in the Yucatan peninsula. In this region, the causes of the decline in maize cultivation are analysed, among which the productive reconversion process promoted by the government stands out, to replace that grain with soybeans. Said process has implied land rent and its concentration, for which the "access theory" is used. Faced with the ineffectiveness of guarantee prices for small maize producers, and the continuity of the segmented agricultural policy, it is reflected on the need for their reorientation under a holistic approach, in which small producers are considered not only for their productive potential, but also as guarantors of environmental sustainability.
Keywords: maize, guarantee prices; agricultural policy; Yucatan peninsula; Mexico.

Durante décadas, la segmentada política agrícola de México ha apoyado a los pequeños productores de maíz principalmente con subsidios asistenciales a la pobreza, mientras que los medianos y grandes productores han concentrado los subsidios de fomento productivo. El actual presidente (Andrés Manuel López Obrador) implementó el novedoso programa de precios de garantía (o mínimos) para pequeños y medianos productores de granos, siendo el objetivo central de este artículo el análisis de las características y vulnerabilidades de dicho programa, así como de su operación y efectos en los pequeños productores de maíz de la península de Yucatán. En esta región, se analizan las causas del declive del cultivo del maíz, entre las cuales destaca el proceso de reconversión productiva promovido por el gobierno, para sustituir ese grano por soja. Dicho proceso ha implicado el rentismo y concentración de tierras, para cuyo análisis se acude a la “teoría del acceso”. Ante la inoperancia de los precios de garantía para pequeños productores de maíz, y la continuidad de la política agrícola segmentada, se reflexiona sobre la necesidad de su reorientación bajo un enfoque holístico, en el que los pequeños productores sean considerados no solo por su potencial productivo, sino como garantes, entre otras cosas, de la sustentabilidad medio ambiental.

Palabras clave: maíz; precios de garantía; política agrícola; península de Yucatán; México.
SISTEMAS HORTÍCOLAS DEL PERIURBANO DE MAR DEL PLATA (ARGENTINA): IMPLICANCIAS AMBIENTALES Y NECESIDAD DE UNA CLASIFICACIÓN TIPOLÓGICA PARA LA EVALUACIÓN DE LA SUSTENTABILIDAD
Authors: Daga Daiana Yael , Vazquez Patricia , Sequeira Nahuel David
Published: March 2023

The horticultural belt of Mar del Plata has not been unaffected by the processes of expansion and intensification of the activity on a regional scale, neither by the environmental problems associated with it. In this context, it is proposed to identify and analyze the environmental problems of horticultural systems in the periurban area of Mar del Plata that have arisen in the last decades, and to classify these systems in order to obtain representative typologies that will allow to evaluate their sustainability later on. Based on the analysis of secondary data and primary information, it was determined that the use of high doses of synthetic pesticides and fertilizers and poor planning of the moment of application was the action that had the greatest impact, generating numerous environmental problems. Likewise, four representative typologies were identified that are linked in different ways with the environment, demonstrating the heterogeneity of the systems involved. Although it would be important to carry out a more in-depth study, the results obtained form the necessary basis for further analysis of more specific aspects of environmental sustainability.

El cinturón hortícola de Mar del Plata no ha sido ajeno a los procesos de expansión e intensificación que sufrió la actividad a escala regional, ni tampoco a los problemas ambientales derivados. En este contexto, se propone identificar y analizar los problemas ambientales de los sistemas hortícolas del periurbano de Mar del Plata suscitados en las últimas décadas, y realizar una clasificación de dichos sistemas con el fin de obtener tipologías representativas que permitan evaluar, posteriormente, su sustentabilidad. Partiendo del análisis de datos secundarios e información primaria, se determinó que el empleo de elevadas dosis de plaguicidas sintéticos y fertilizantes y escasa planificación del momento de aplicación fue la acción que mayor cantidad de factores impactó, generando numerosos problemas ambientales. Asimismo, se identificaron cuatro tipologías representativas que se vinculan de manera dispar con el ambiente, demostrando la heterogeneidad de sistemas presentes. Si bien sería importante profundizar el estudio, los resultados obtenidos conforman la base necesaria para ahondar en análisis más específicos referidos a la sustentabilidad ambiental.
CAMBIO DE VEGETACIÓN Y USO DE SUELO DENTRO Y FUERA DEL ÁREA NATURAL PROTEGIDA “EL ZAPOTAL”, CHIAPAS, MÉXICO
Authors: Zenteno Méndez Jesús Yaxkín , Rioja Paradela Tamara Mila , Carrillo Reyes Arturo , Orantes Albores Segundo Jordán , Paz Tenorio Jorge Antonio
Published: March 2023

The "El Zapotal” is a Natural Protected Area (NPA) that contains one of the last fragments of the Sub-evergreen Medium Rainforest of the Central Valley in Chiapas; it is home to a different species of native flora and fauna native. We conduct a spatio-temporal study of vegetation and land use change, analyzing Landsat satellite images from 1980, 2000 and 2020. Sites with evidence of timber extraction, areas susceptible to fires, and clandestine entries were recorded. According to the Mann-Whitney U analysis, there was no significant difference (p>0.05) in the land cover of any of the four vegetation and land use classes, inside and outside the NPA over the past 40 years. However, the Medium Sub-evergreen Forest and Acahual presented a negative rate of change, inside and outside "El Zapotal". In contrast the the Urban Land showed a positive rate of change in the vicinity of the NPA, an alarm signal about the process of isolation of the ANP with respect to other areas of protection of ecosystems, as well as areas covered by native vegetation.

La reserva “El Zapotal” es el Área Natural Protegida (ANP) poseedora de uno de los últimos fragmentos de Selva Mediana Subperennifolia del Valle Central del estado de Chiapas; allí se distribuyen especies de flora y fauna nativas. Se realizó un estudio espacio-temporal del cambio de vegetación y uso de suelo, analizando imágenes satelitales Landsat de los años 1980, 2000 y 2020. Se registraron sitios con evidencia de extracción de madera, áreas susceptibles a incendios y entradas clandestinas. De acuerdo al análisis de U Mann-Whitney, no existió diferencia significativa (p>0.05) en la cobertura de ninguna de las cuatro clases de vegetación y uso de suelo, dentro y fuera de la ANP a lo largo de los 40 años. No obstante, la Selva Mediana Subperennifolia y el Acahual presentaron una tasa de cambio negativa, al interior y al exterior de “El Zapotal”, mientras que el Suelo Urbano presentó una tasa de cambio positiva en las inmediaciones de la ANP, dando una señal de alarma sobre el proceso de aislamiento de la reserva con respecto a otras áreas de protección de ecosistemas, así como de áreas cubiertas por vegetación nativa.
EVALUACIÓN DE LA VULNERABILIDAD EN EL PARTIDO DE CORONEL SUÁREZ (ARGENTINA) COMO APORTE A LA GESTIÓN DEL RIESGO DE INUNDACIÓN
Authors: Moretto Belén , Gentili Jorge Osvaldo , Campo Alicia María
Published: March 2023

In the northern slope of the VentaniaSystem (province of Buenos Aires), flooding and waterlogging events occur with high frequency, configuring risk situations. Determining hydric excess events towards vulnerability is a complex task, given the large number of variables involved and their respective associated indicators. In this context, the aim of this paper is to evaluate and represent the spatial distribution of social vulnerability in Coronel Suárez's distric at the census radio scale. Census official data were used, grouped into three categories: demography, quality of life and working conditions. A multivariate classification analysis of spatial units was performed using the standardized averages method. The 53.33% of the district's population presents medium and high vulnerability, registered in both urban and rural areas, which will be affected by the occurrence of floods and waterlogging due to deficient socio-economic and demographic conditions.The cartographic representation of vulnerability is an instrument of great relevance forthe actors involved in the processes of flood and waterlogging risk management of the different administrative levels.

En la vertiente norte del Sistema de Ventania (provincia de Buenos Aires) se presentan con elevada frecuencia eventos de inundación y anegamiento configurando situaciones de riesgo. Determinar la vulnerabilidad frente a eventos de exceso hídrico es una tarea compleja, dada la gran cantidad de dimensiones y sus respectivos indicadores asociados. En este contexto, el objetivo del trabajo es evaluar y representar la distribución espacial de la vulnerabilidad social en el partido de Coronel Suárez a nivel de radio censal. Se utilizaron datos censales oficiales agrupados en tres categorías: demografía, calidad de vida y condición laboral. Se realizó un análisis por clasificación multivariada de unidades espaciales mediante el método de promedios estandarizados. Un 53,33 % de la población del partido presenta vulnerabilidad media y alta en áreas urbanas como rurales situación que potencia su grado de afectación ante la ocurrencia de inundaciones y anegamientos debido a condiciones socioeconómicas y demográficas deficitarias. La representación cartográfica de la vulnerabilidad constituye un instrumento de gran relevancia para los actores involucrados en los procesos de gestión del riesgo de inundación y anegamiento de los diferentes niveles administrativos.
IMPACTOS SOCIOAMBIENTAIS DA OCUPAÇÃO URBANA EM ÁREA DE PROTEÇÃO PERMANENTE NO PARQUE ALVORADA, ITAPURANGA (GO) – BRASIL
Authors: Nunes Martins de Lima Luana , Aparecida Ribeiro Santana Magda , Naiara Gonçalves dos Reis Laís
Published: March 2023

This article analyzes the social and environmental impacts resulting from urban occupation in a Permanent Protection Area (APP), located the Parque Alvorada, in Itapuranga (Goiás - Brasil). The methodological procedures adopted were: literature review, documentary research on legislation and technical diagnoses, and exploratory field research in the study area. The analysis of the collected data in the area was based on a macroscopic evaluation of the characteristics and environmental liabilities found in the area, based on the Environmental Impact Index of Springs (IIAN). For the spatialization of the area, geoprocessing techniques were used in a Geographic Information System (GIS) of QGIS software. As a result, it was found that the native vegetation in this area gave way to residential use and the irregular practice of intubating the spring and channeling the stream. Without a micro-drainage system, the houses around the area present humidity, infiltration and are susceptible to flooding during the rainy season. Irregular solid waste disposal, release of “grey water” into the stream and the lack of a sewage collection network can compromise the quality of the impounded water in the lake. There is a need to revise the municipal master plan, as well as the development of a management plan for the area, characterized as an urban park.

Este artículo analiza los impactos socioambientales resultantes de la ocupación urbana en un Área de Protección Permanente (APP), ubicada en el barrio Parque Alvorada, en Itapuranga (Goiás - Brasil). Los procedimientos metodológicos adoptados fueron: revisión bibliográfica, investigación documental en legislación y diagnósticos técnicos, y investigación de campo en la área de estudio. El análisis de los datos recolectados in loco se basó en la evaluación macroscópica de las características y pasivos ambientales existentes en el área, con base en el Índice de Impacto Ambiental de Manantiales (IIAN). Para la espacialización del área se usaron tecnicas de geoprocesamiento en ambiente de Sistema de Información Geográfica (SIG) del software QGIS. Se encontró que la vegetación nativa de esta zona dio paso al uso residencial y la práctica irregular de entubar el manantial para canalizar el arroyo. Sin un sistema de microdrenaje, las casas aledañas tienen humedad, infiltración y son susceptibles a inundaciones en época de lluvias. Descartes irregular de residuos sólidos, lanzamiento de “aguas grises” al arroyo y la falta de una red de desagüe pueden comprometer la calidad del agua represada en el lago. Es necesario revisar el plan maestro municipal y desarrollar un plan de manejo para el área, caracterizada como un parque urbano.
Narrativas de mujeres profesionales y migrantes en Barcelona. Experiencias de sobrevivencia en el contexto de precariedad sociolaboral
Authors: Opazo Valenzuela Paula , Pérez-Rincón Fernández María del Socorro
Published: March 2023

The article presents the results of a narrative investigation focused on experiences in the socio-labour sphere of three professional, migrant and Latin American women in Barcelona. The process of construction of collective narratives was carried out through semi-structured interviews, in which three common areas were explored: i) elements of personal and work trajectory that articulate migration, ii) socio-labour conditions faced since arrival in the city and, iii) articulated survival alternatives. For the purposes of the article, only the narratives that address the socio-occupational situation of the participants will be addressed, since in them a relevant element emerges for the analysis of socio-occupational precariousness regarding the crisis caused by the Covid-19 pandemic: the need to a decent housing. With this, experiences are shared about discriminatory treatment in employment and labour exploitation, in some cases linked to the use of technical-professional knowledge and non-remunerated skills.

El artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación narrativa centrada en las experiencias sociolaborales de tres mujeres profesionales, migrantes y latinoamericanas en la ciudad de Barcelona. Mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas se llevó a cabo un proceso de construcción de narrativas colectivas, en las que se exploraron tres ámbitos puestos en común: i) elementos de trayectoria personal y laboral que articulan la migración, ii) condiciones sociolaborales enfrentadas desde la llegada a la ciudad y, iii) alternativas de sobrevivencia articuladas. Para efectos del artículo, se abordarán sólo las narrativas que abordan la situación sociolaboral de las participantes, pues en ellas emerge un elemento relevante para el análisis de la precariedad sociolaboral a propósito de la crisis suscitada por la pandemia de Covid-19: la necesidad de una vivienda digna. Con ello, se comparten experiencias que transitan en torno tratos discriminatorios en el empleo y a la explotación laboral, en algunos casos vinculada al uso de saberes y habilidades técnico-profesionales sin remuneración.