bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Physical examinations for older adults with shoulder pain: a
narrative review
Authors: Kang Sangwoo , Kang Suk-Woong
Published: February 2025

Shoulder pain is a common complaint in primary care settings. The prevalence of
shoulder pain is on the rise, especially in societies with aging populations.
Like other joint-related conditions, shoulder pain is predominantly caused by
degenerative diseases. These degenerative changes typically affect bones,
tendons, and cartilage, with common conditions including degenerative rotator
cuff tears, impingement syndrome, and osteoarthritis. Diagnosing these
degenerative diseases in older adults requires a thorough understanding of basic
anatomy, general physical examination techniques, and specific diagnostic tests.
This review aims to outline the fundamental physical examination methods for
diagnosing shoulder pain in older adult patients in primary care. The
shoulder's complex anatomy and its broad range of motion underscore the
need for a systematic approach to evaluation. Routine inspection and palpation
can identify signs such as muscle atrophy, bony protrusions, or indications of
degenerative changes. Assessing range of motion, and distinguishing between
active and passive deficits, is crucial for differentiating conditions like
frozen shoulder from rotator cuff tears. Targeted strength tests, such as the
empty can, external rotation lag, liftoff, and belly press tests, are
instrumental in isolating specific rotator cuff muscles. Additionally,
impingement tests, including Neer’s and Hawkins’ signs, are useful
for detecting subacromial impingement. A comprehensive understanding of shoulder
anatomy and a systematic physical examination are vital for accurately
diagnosing shoulder pain in older adults. When properly executed and interpreted
in the clinical context, these maneuvers help differentiate between various
conditions, ranging from degenerative changes to rotator cuff pathology.
Occupational disease monitoring by the Korea Occupational Disease
Surveillance Center: a narrative review
Authors: Lee Dong-Wook , Kim Inah , Hwang Jungho , Choi Sunhaeng , Jang Tae-Won , Chung Insung , Kim Hwan-Cheol , Park Jaebum , Kim Jungwon , Jeong Kyoung Sook , Kim Youngki , Lee Eun-Soo , Kim Yangwoo , Jeong Inchul , Oh Hyunjeong , Oh Hyeoncheol , Ha Jea Chul , Min Jeehee , Lee Chul Gab , Kim Heon , Song Jaechul
Published: February 2025

This review examines the challenges associated with occupational disease
surveillance in Korea, particularly emphasizing the limitations of current data
sources such as the Industrial Accident Compensation Insurance (IACI) statistics
and special health examinations. The IACI system undercounts cases due to its
emphasis on severe diseases and restrictions on approvals. Special health
examinations, although they cover a broad workforce, are constrained by their
annual scheduling, which leads to missed acute illnesses and subclinical
conditions. The paper also explores the history of occupational disease
surveillance in Korea, highlighting the fragmented and disease-specific approach
of earlier systems. The authors introduce the newly established Korea
Occupational Disease Surveillance Center (KODSC), a comprehensive nationwide
system designed to gather, analyze, and interpret data on occupational diseases
through a network of regional centers. By incorporating hospital-based
surveillance and focusing on acute poisonings and other sentinel events, the
KODSC aims to overcome the limitations of previous systems and promote
collaboration with various agencies. Although it is still in the early stages of
implementation, the KODSC demonstrates potential for improving data accuracy and
contributing valuable insights for public health policy.
Pojęcie kształtu Ziemi jako klucz do kształtowania wyższych pojęć astronomicznych. Wyniki badań wdrożeniowych
Authors: Jelinek Jan Amos
Published: February 2025

Podstawowym pojęciem, jakie uczniowie muszą opanować w zakresie edukacji astronomicznej, jest kształt Ziemi. Pojęcie to jest abstrakcyjne, ponieważ do jego zbudowania dzieci muszą wyjść poza to, co widzą na co dzień. Badania pokazują, że wielu uczniów wczesnej edukacji nie posługuje się tym pojęciem, wyjaśniając m.in. lokalizację ludzi na Ziemi (Jelinek 2020). Celem przeprowadzonych badań było sprawdzenie skuteczności interwencji edukacyjnej w zakresie wspomagania dzieci w budowaniu pojęcia kształtu Ziemi. W badaniach wykorzystano test EARTH2. Badaniami objęto 47 uczniów z klasy pierwszej i drugiej szkoły podstawowej. Badania wykazały, że (a) uczniowie uczestniczący w zajęciach edukacji astronomicznej osiągnęli wyższe wyniki po przeprowadzonych zajęciach. (b) Analiza pytań zadawanych przez dzieci w trakcie trwania interwencji wykazała, że daleko wykraczają one poza program nauczania astronomii w szkole. (c) Okazało się także, że uczniowie obawiają się groźnych zjawisk pochodzących z kosmosu.
Między szkołą wzorcową a typową. Poszukiwanie optymalnych warunków przestrzeni szkolnych a preferencje uczniów z Polski
Authors: Miler-Ogórkiewicz Natalia
Published: February 2025

Poszukiwania optymalnych warunków środowiska szkolnego prowadzone są w wielu odrębnych dyscyplinach naukowych, takich jak m.in. pedagogika, socjologia czy architektura. Przedstawiciele nauk społecznych oraz architekci dostrzegają potrzebę poszukiwań interdyscyplinarnych. W niniejszym artykule analizuję polski kontekst, zarówno w zakresie poszukiwań wzorców, modeli oraz typów szkół, jak i ich realizacji w różnych okresach historycznych. Przedmiotem mojego przedsięwzięcia jest poszukiwanie odpowiedzi na pytanie, jaka powinna być przestrzeń szkoły. Przeprowadziłam badania jakościowe wśród 12 uczniów z różnych systemów edukacyjnych (szkoła publiczna miejska, szkoła publiczna wiejska, szkoła prywatna, edukacja domowa). Wywiady wsparte elementami rysunkowymi korzystającymi z metod skoncentrowanych na dziecku (child-centered research) pozwoliły na wyodrębnienie warunków materialnych i niematerialnych przestrzeni, w których dzieci najbardziej lubią się uczyć. Celem tego artykułu jest omówienie wyników badań własnych w kontekście polskich poszukiwań optymalnych warunków środowiska szkolnego, w szczególności kształtowania wzorców i typów szkół. Na podstawie wyników moich badań można stwierdzić, że dzieci bardzo lubią różnorodne aktywności oraz przestrzenie i ich potrzebują. Wyniki moich badań, eksplorujące i opisujące potrzeby uczniów, pozwalają na ponowne podejście do tematu kształtowania przestrzeni szkolnych z zastosowaniem wzorców.
Community-based solidarity movements in response to food and climate injustice
Authors: Rao Smitha , Kaiser Michelle L.
Published: February 2025

Food insecurity and climate change are coupled challenges facing modern society. While climate change directly causes weather fluctuations, with consequences for food security and sovereignty, current global food systems threaten the climate and environment. We ask: how can social work learn from and support community-based models that challenge oppressive structures, honour traditional and alternative ways of knowing, and work towards the equitable redistribution of resources and access to sustainably sourced and produced food with minimal harm to humans, non-human animals and the planet? We examine a place-based social economy model from North America, Cuba’s national small-scale organic food system, and global endeavours towards a just transition in animal agriculture. We frame these exemplars as solidarity models with divergent strategies, albeit with convergent goals towards food, climate, environmental and social justice. Social work must embrace its role in solidarity-forward, action-oriented and educational frameworks to promote radical equality, collective liberation and justice.
Design of a Wide Field of View LWIR Optics using Single Layer Diffractive Optical Element
Authors: FAROOQ MUHAMMAD , Iqbal Zafar , Asghar Hammad
Published: February 2025

Visual UAV navigation requires high resolution cameras with wide field-of-view to attain better feature matching in acquired imagery. The designing of WFOV optics for large-array LWIR sensors presents a unique set of challenges in attaining optimum optical performance with fewer number of optical components without incorporating active athermalization. This article presents design of 84° × 67° FOV optics for 1280 x1024 LWIR microbolometer with MTF of ≥ 0.6 at 20 lp/mm and limiting barrel distortion to less than or equal to 20%. The design is comprised of only three lenses with one single-layer DOE. The design is low-SWaP solution with improved optical performance.
Human-in-the-loop MGA to generate energy system design options matching
stakeholder needs
Authors: Lombardi Francesco , Pfenninger Stefan
Published: February 2025

The common use of cost minimisation to support energy system design decisions hides from view many economically comparable design options that stakeholders may prefer. Modelling to generate alternatives (MGA) is increasingly popular as a way to go beyond least-cost designs, providing stakeholders with diverse portfolios to appraise. However, generating all the feasible designs is not computationally viable; modellers must choose what design features to generate diversity around, despite not knowing which trade-offs matter the most in practice. Therefore, MGA alone cannot ensure the generation of design options that match stakeholder needs. To address this shortcoming, we propose a human-in-the-loop (HITL) approach that automatically integrates stakeholder preferences into MGA. We elicit preferences by letting stakeholders interact with a tentative MGA design space. Hence, we decode those preferences to feed them back to the MGA algorithm and perform a guided search. This search produces a human-trained design space with more designs that mirror the elicited preferences. A synthetic experiment for the Portuguese energy system shows that HITL-MGA may facilitate consensus formation, promising to accelerate technically and socially feasible energy transition decisions.
Live and heat-killed Leuconostoc mesenteroides counteract the gastrointestinal dysfunction in chronic kidney disease mice through intestinal environment modulation
Authors: Hayeeawaema Fittree , Sermwittayawong Natthawan , Tipbunjong Chittipong , Huipao Nawiya , Muangnil Paradorn , Khuituan Pissared
Published: February 2025

Probiotics are well-known therapeutic agents for managing constipation and have been used to improve chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression. However, heat-killed probiotics on CKD remain inadequately explored. This study aimed to evaluate the probiotic potential of lactic acid bacteria derived from natural sources and to investigate the effects of both live and heat-killed Leuconostoc mesenteroides (Ln.m) on renal and gastrointestinal functions in CKD mice. Ln.m was selected from acid and bile salt intolerance tests, non-hemolytic activity, and antibiotic sensitivity. CKD mice demonstrated significantly elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine levels compared to control mice (p < 0.001 and p < 0.01). Treatment with live and heat-killed Ln.m significantly reduced BUN and creatinine levels in CKD mice (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05). Additionally, kidney damage observed in CKD mice compared to control mice, including glomerular necrosis, tubular dilatation, inflammation, and fibrosis, was significantly alleviated following live and heat-killed Ln.m treatments. CKD-induced gastrointestinal dysfunction was characterized by an imbalance in Firmicutes/Bacteroidota populations, increased colonic uremic toxin (p < 0.01), reduced fecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) (p < 0.05), and constipation. Treatment with live and heat-killed Ln.m restored gut microbiota, decreased uremic toxin (p < 0.001), increased SCFAs (p < 0.05), and alleviated constipation. In summary, both live and heat-killed Ln.m effectively alleviated gastrointestinal dysfunction and renal damage in CKD mice, primarily through modulation of the intestinal environment. These findings highlight the therapeutic potential of live and heat-killed Ln.m as the gastrointestinal dysfunction treatment in CKD.
Vertical distribution of methanotrophic archaea in an iron-rich groundwater discharge zone
Authors: Yanagawa Katsunori , Okabeppu Misaki , Kikuchi Sakiko , Shiraishi Fumito , Nakajima Yumiko , Kano Akihiro
Published: February 2025

Anaerobic oxidation of methane coupled to iron reduction (Fe-AOM) is a crucial process for methane removal in terrestrial environments. However, the occurrence of Fe-AOM in natural environments is rare, and the mechanisms behind the direct coupling of methane oxidation and iron reduction remain poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the environmental factors influencing the distribution of methanotrophic archaea in an iron-rich zone of a freshwater pond in Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan. High concentration of dissolved ferrous iron supplied by groundwater discharge led to considerable ferrihydrite precipitation. Pore water methane increased with sediment depth, while nitrate and sulfate concentrations were near detection limits throughout the sediment column. The coexistence of ferric iron and methane suggests the ongoing process of Fe-AOM. Tracer-based experiments using 14C showed potential Fe-AOM rates up to 110 pmol mL-1 day-1. Throughout the sediment core, except at the surface, PCR-based molecular ecological analyses of the 16S rRNA gene and functional genes for anaerobic oxidation of methane revealed abundant sequences belonging to the family “Candidatus Methanoperedenaceae”. These geochemical and microbiological findings suggest that Fe-AOM plays a key role in biogeochemical cycles of iron and methane, positioning this environment as a modern analogue of early Earth conditions.
Can We Judge Saints By Their Actions? The Controversy Between K. J. Clark and J. Hick
Authors: Musioł Nicole
Published: February 2025

This analysis examines the positions of K. J. Clark and J. Hick on the possibility of identifying saints based on their actions. This includes the question of whether we are in an epistemic position that grants us sufficient access to other people’s motives, and also ethical considerations on the social and psychological effects of recognizing and praising saints. While both philosophers base sainthood on internal states, Clark rejects that we are capable of accurately assessing these, Hick, in turn, maintains the opposite stance. After presenting a few critical remarks, I conclude that neither perspective can be adopted in practice.
Officio iudicis cautiones interponi debere
Authors: Gómez Jordán Albert
Published: February 2025

El objeto de estudio de la presente monografía se centra en el análisis casuístico de las stipulationes iudiciales en el procedimiento formulario del derecho romano. La delimitación del objeto viene determinada por la concreta categoría jurídico-procesal que se pretende analizar, las estipulaciones judiciales, cuyo surgimiento se enmarca en la fase apud iudicem desarrollada ante el iudex privatus del procedimiento formulario, proceso propio del derecho romano clásico.

La presente monografía se divide en cinco partes diferenciadas. Un primer capítulo en el que se lleva a cabo un status quaestionis doctrinal sobre la materia objeto de estudio. Seguidamente, nos encontramos un segundo capítulo, de carácter introductorio, en el que se muestra una radiografía general de las estipulaciones procesales en el procedimiento formulario, centrándonos en el análisis de la clasificación de las stipulationes de Pomponio recogida en D. 45.1.5pr. Pomp. 26 ad Sab. y en las características de las estipulaciones pretorias y judiciales. Seguidamente, nos encontramos ante un extenso tercer capítulo, que ocupa la centralidad del trabajo, que está dedicado a determinar la base textual y a examinar cada una de las estipulaciones judiciales clásicas identificadas en las fuentes. El examen individualizado de cada caución se inicia mediante la identificación de las fuentes de cada concreta stipulatio, sigue con el análisis de cada una de las fuentes -divididas según la acción en cuyo procedimiento podían surgir- y finaliza con un esquema sintético de la caución que nos aporta una visión general de las finalidades de cada estipulación. Una vez analizadas todas las stipulationes iudiciales detectadas en las fuentes, la monografía desemboca en un cuarto capítulo, en el que se analiza el fundamento formulario de las estipulaciones judiciales, se detallan las previsiones formularias que las habilitan y se examina el concepto clásico del officium iudicis, tomando en consideración la praxis judicial clásica y el papel de la jurisprudencia romana en relación con el surgimiento de las stipulationes iudiciales. Finalmente, un último apartado conclusivo expone los resultados obtenidos de nuestro estudio.
DemocracIA. Un análisis en clave constitucional
Authors: Castellanos Claramunt Jorge
Published: February 2025

El libro analiza la interacción entre la inteligencia artificial y el marco jurídico, social y democrático en el que se inserta, con énfasis en la afectación democrática que conlleva una perspectiva constitucional. Para ello, se aborda críticamente la aproximación regulatoria en Europa, señalando los avances que se han producido, así como las mermas en una regulación que peca de ser excesivamente ambiciosa para los verdaderos mimbres de que dispone.

Por supuesto, el Reglamento de Inteligencia Artificial tiene un considerable protagonismo en el análisis que da forma a este trabajo, pero no se agota en él, sino que se tratan de mostrar las vinculaciones que se dan más allá de la mera regulación actual, con el objeto de considerar la verdadera relevancia en términos democráticos que conlleva el cambio de paradigma tecnológico que trae consigo la fagocitación completa de todos los entresijos sociales, políticos, económicos y jurídicos de la sociedad, por parte de la IA.

Un aspecto clave de este trabajo es presentar la erosión del Estado constitucional en relación con el problema de la desinformación y su impacto en procesos democráticos. Ello se pone de manifiesto subrayando algunos aspectos clave y que no siempre tienen el foco dirigido desde los estudios académicos, como la influencia que conlleva la IA respecto de los grupos vulnerables y la modulación en un aspecto central de cualquier democracia como es la educación.

Desde luego, en términos de IA se da siempre una problemática que implica la pugna con su excesiva idealización y con la tendencia para su uso limitado para propósitos significativos, lo que deviene en una "burbuja de la IA" y su afán por hacer propios elementos que le son por completo ajenos, pero que revierten en una consideración positiva de esta nueva tecnología, como es su efecto en la dignidad humana en un entorno altamente artificializado.
Biochemical clues to insecticide resistance in mango hoppers of Bhubaneswar
Authors: Dash S S , Tripathy M K , Kar M R , Behera S K , Pradhan B K
Published: February 2025

Mango hoppers (Amritodus atkinsoni, Idioscopus niveosparsus and Idioscopus clypealis) are major pests affecting mango cultivation in Bhubaneswar, Odisha, where insecticide resistance has become a significant challenge. This study aimed to investigate the biochemical mechanisms of resistance, focusing on the activities of detoxifying enzymes Carboxylesterase (CE) and Glutathione-S-Transferase (GST). Seasonal variations in enzyme activity and kinetic properties (Km and Vmax) were analysed alongside bioassays to assess insecticide efficacy and the role of enzyme inhibitors. CE and GST activities were measured using established biochemical assays, while inhibitors such as Diethyl Maleate (DEM) and Triphenyl Phosphate (TPP) were tested for their ability to reduce enzyme-mediated resistance. Results showed that CE activity peaked at 1.89 µmol/min/mg in July 2023, a 5.3-fold increase from March 2022, while GST activity reached 297.43 µmol of CDNB conjugated/min/mg. These trends correlated with higher LC50 values for Acephate (4.442 ppm in October 2022, up from 1.471 ppm in March 2022) and Imidacloprid (1.313 ppm in July 2023, compared to 1.142 ppm in March 2022), indicating increased resistance. Kinetic analysis showed lower Km (11.33 µM for CE and 14.33 µM for GST in July 2023) and higher Vmax (1.32 µmol/min/mg for CE and 1.14 µmol/min/mg for GST), suggesting enhanced enzymatic efficiency. The use of DEM and TPP significantly reduced LC50 values, with DEM lowering LC50 by 45 % for Lambda-Cyhalothrin. These findings highlight the need for biochemical profiling and strategic enzyme inhibitor use to mitigate resistance. Seasonally tailored pest management strategies can enhance mango cultivation sustainability in Bhubaneswar.
Impedance and modulus spectroscopy of Bi0·5Na0·5Nb0·5Fe0·5O3 ceramic
Authors: Naik Parbati , Patri Sunanda Kumari
Published: February 2025

The solid-state reaction method was used to prepare the lead-free Bi0·5Na0·5Nb0·5Fe0·5O3 ceramic. The X-ray diffraction pattern of the prepared ceramic confirmed the formation of tetragonal crystal structure with P4mm space group. The field emission scanning electron microscopy analysis reveals densely packed grains of different shape and sizes. The average grain size was calculated to be 16.22 µm. Complex impedance spectroscopy was used to analyze the electrical response of the ceramic. The Nyquist plot shows the influence of both grain and grain boundary effects on the electrical properties of the material. The impedance analysis confirmed the non-Debye type of relaxation mechanism and negative temperature coefficient of resistance behaviour of the compound. The frequency dependent ac conductivity was found to obey Jonscher’s power law.
Feasibility and reproducibility of speckle tracking echocardiography in routine assessment of the fetal heart in a low-risk population
Authors: Sacco Adalina , Kazi Ayisha , Nzelu Diane , Jowett Victoria , Pandya Pranav
Published: February 2025

Objectives

The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and reproducibility of speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) in routine fetal cardiac assessments by non-cardiac experts in an NHS clinical setting.

Methods

A prospective longitudinal cohort study was performed from April 2022 to June 2023. During all ultrasound scans between 18 and 40 weeks’ gestation a 3 s cineloop of the fetal four chamber view was stored. Parameters of global cardiac function were analysed off-line using STE software by two researchers independently.

Results

Of 393 ultrasound scans performed in fetuses fulfilling criteria, 50.9 % were able to be analysed using STE. Intraobserver variability was poor to moderate for both operators (Operator 1 correlation coefficient for FAC 0.28, EF 0.17, SV 0.01, SV/kg 0.00, CO 0.74, CO/kg 0.39; Operator two correlation coefficient for FAC 0.58, EF 0.65, SV 0.67, SV/kg 0.02, CO 0.66, CO/kg 0.31). Interobserver variability was also poor to moderate (Operator 1 vs. Operator two correlation coefficient for FAC 0.01, EF 0.00, SV 0.00, SV/kg 0.00, CO 0.64, CO/kg 0.25; Operator 2 vs. Operator 1 correlation coefficient for FAC 0.16, EF 0.06, SV 0.72, SV/kg 0.008, CO 0.70, CO/kg 0.34).

Conclusions

Routine speckle tracking echocardiography of global cardiac function by non-cardiac experts in low-risk fetuses has low to moderate feasibility and reproducibility in a real-world NHS setting. A high grade of expertise is likely necessary to use STE in order to achieve high reproducibility. Future research should investigate factors contributing to variability in STE measurements and standardisation of protocols.
Why There is No Us in Consciousness: You Are Simple, a Bodily Soul
Authors: Rickabaugh Brandon
Published: February 2025

You and I are conscious. But You-and-I, a pair of subjects, cannot be conscious. Why? Because subjects of consciousness cannot have parts but are mereologically simple. Although most contemporary philosophers do not take the thesis that we are simple seriously, David Barnett has proffered an argument in its defense that has faced numerous objections but is yet to be defeated, or so I will argue. In responding to these objections, I expand and develop important ontological and mereological theses that strengthen Barnett’s argument and others of its kind. I also argue that a significant body of empirical work supports Barnett’s argument against a recent objection. Lastly, I show how, although not made explicit by Barnett, his argument is plausibly a defense of the immaterial self or a bodily soul.
Performance of 6 × 6 CNT transistor array using composite nanomaterials for biomedical applications
Authors: Vaddinuri Anitha R. , Palanisamy Sathishkumar , Dussa Anil Kumar , Shyni Ganesan , Binoj Joseph Selvi , Hassan Shukur Abu , Ilyas Rushdan Ahmad
Published: February 2025

This study is the simulation of several forms of the most recent Field Effect Transistor (FET) and its electrical characteristics and designed using nanomaterials. The best FET to employ for sensor design in biomedical applications has been determined based on many examples and investigations. In order to overcome the difficulties of detecting disease-causing antigens, FET-based biosensors have been developed to increase sensitivity to disease-causing antigens at the micro- and nanoscale. To find the best transistor, various transistor types with various material layers are introduced. The sensor array consists of 64 cells, arranged into three categories – core, periphery, and middle – designed to enhance the sensitivity of cell detection. Three reference voltages are produced by a current reference circuit to bias the bottom gates of the CNTFETs, which generate maximum current in response to electrostatic changes at the top gate. These voltages are then processed to determine the concentration of the analyte, with the sensor array achieving a sensitivity of 130 μA/V. In NANOHUB.ORG (online Tool), all simulations are run, and performance is displayed in the form of simulation results, graphs, and tables.
Exploring the complexities of chronic pain: The ICEPAIN study on prevalence, lifestyle factors, and quality of life in a general population
Authors: Jonsdottir Thorbjorg , Karlsdottir Sigfridur Inga , Skuladottir Hafdis , Halapi Eva , Oskarsson Gudmundur Kristjan
Published: February 2025

Objectives

The ICEPAIN study is a longitudinal research project focused on building an extensive database on health-related quality of life (HRQoL), lifestyle, and pain among the general population in Iceland. The project started with a cross-sectional data collection and will be followed by similar data collection after 5 and 10 years from participants who have agreed to be contacted again. In this article, descriptive data on the prevalence and nature of chronic pain in the Icelandic general population will be presented in relation to sociodemographic factors, lifestyle, adverse life experiences, and HRQoL.

Methods

Data were collected through a web-based platform using a national panel representing a randomised population sample of 12,400 individuals aged 18–80 years from the National Population Register of Iceland. The instruments consisted of questionnaires on pain, lifestyle factors, adverse life experiences, and HRQoL. The sample was stratified according to age, gender, and residence.

Results

The response rate was 45% (N = 5,557), and most participants (81%) agreed to be contacted again for later data collection. The mean age of the respondents was 54.8 years (SD = 13.7). Half of the participants (50.3%) had experienced some pain the previous week, and 40% had chronic pain (≥3 months). The prevalence of chronic pain was inversely related to educational level and satisfaction with household income and positively associated with body mass index. A significant correlation was found between chronic pain prevalence and several lifestyle variables, such as physical exercises, smoking habits, sleep, and adverse life experiences. Chronic pain had a significant negative impact on both physical and mental components of HRQoL.

Conclusion

These results indicate a complex relationship between chronic pain, lifestyle, and adverse life experiences. The longitudinal design will provide further information on the long-term development among these variables.
Fenntartható világvége
Authors: Babos Anna
Published: February 2025

Az alább olvasható két esszé a kortárs román rendező, Radu Jude Ne várj túl sokat a világvégétől (Nu aștepta prea mult de la sfârșitul lumii, 2023) című filmjéről eredetileg a Cinema Niche kiadványában jelentek meg. A Cinema Niche vetítéseinek szervezői Donáth Péter és Rév Dániel, a kiadványban szereplő kollázsokat Sándor Lili Dorottya készítette. Babos Anna és Petri-Lukács Simon esszéit módosítások nélkül közöljük.
Impact of California Law prohibiting sale of flavored smoking products
Authors: Khachiki Celine , Movsesian Melia , Nadimyan Monet , Kirakosyan Yeva , Kaplanyan Natalie , Tatarian Mary , Aintablian Haig
Published: February 2025

Background: Senate Bill 793, passed in 2022, made California the second state in the United States to ban the sale of flavored tobacco products, including electronic cigarettes. This legislation aimed to curb smoking rates, particularly among youth, and mitigate the adverse health effects of tobacco use. Our study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the ban on flavored tobacco products.

Methods: Between May and September of 2023, a Google Forms survey was conducted among California residents, collecting demographic data, smoking status, and awareness of the ban. Data was analyzed in EpiInfo7.2.6 and GraphPad Software to examine significance through chi-squared tests and one-way t-tests.

Results: Responses from 248 California residents showed that 89% of smokers and 41% of non-smokers were aware of the ban. The majority of smokers did not quit post-ban, with 73% of tobacco smokers, 81% of e-cigarette users, and 73% of dual users continuing to smoke. Among those who supported the ban, 24% ceased smoking, 66% continued smoking flavored products, and 10% transitioned to non-flavored products.

Discussion: Awareness of the ban is high among smokers, but quitting the use of flavored products is low. The majority of smokers who agreed with the ban continued to smoke flavored tobacco products after the ban. Policymakers should focus on enforcing the ban by prohibiting the sale of flavored tobacco products and implementing measures to help people overcome addiction or transition to non-flavored alternatives.
Integration of Islamic Values in Civic Education at Pesantren-Based Universities
Authors: Kurniasih Maulana Dwi , Sastradiharja EE Junaedi , Syaidah Khasnah
Published: February 2025

AbstractThis article aims to examine the integration of Islamic values into civic education at pesantren-based higher education institutions. Using a qualitative research design, data were collected through in-depth interviews, participatory observations, and document analysis at Universitas Abdullah Faqih (UNKAFA) in Gresik, East Java. The study explores how Islamic teachings are integrated into the civic education curriculum and extracurricular activities to instill values such as patriotism, respect for the law, and political awareness. The findings demonstrate the effectiveness of this integrative model in producing graduates who are not only academically competent but also possess strong moral character and deep spirituality. Key findings include increased student engagement in social and civic responsibilities, the promotion of tolerance and respect for diversity, and the alignment of Islamic and national values. This approach offers a sustainable framework for character development and national identity formation while addressing challenges such as radicalism and social fragmentation. The implications of this research suggest that pesantren-based higher education institutions can serve as a model for harmonizing religious and civic education. Further research is recommended to quantitatively evaluate the impact of this model and explore its application in broader educational contexts.AbstrakArtikel ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji integrasi nilai-nilai Islam ke dalam pendidikan kewarganegaraan di institusi pendidikan tinggi berbasis pesantren. Dengan menggunakan desain penelitian kualitatif, data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi partisipatif, dan analisis dokumen di Universitas Abdullah Faqih (UNKAFA) di Gresik, Jawa Timur. Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi bagaimana ajaran Islam diintegrasikan dalam kurikulum pendidikan kewarganegaraan dan kegiatan ekstrakurikuler, dengan tujuan menanamkan nilai-nilai seperti patriotisme, penghormatan terhadap hukum, dan kesadaran politik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan efektivitas model integratif ini dalam menghasilkan lulusan yang tidak hanya kompeten secara akademik tetapi juga memiliki moral yang kuat dan spiritualitas yang mendalam. Temuan utama mencakup peningkatan keterlibatan mahasiswa dalam tanggung jawab sosial dan kewarganegaraan, promosi toleransi dan penghormatan terhadap keberagaman, serta keselarasan nilai-nilai Islam dan kebangsaan. Pendekatan ini menawarkan kerangka kerja yang berkelanjutan untuk pembangunan karakter dan pembentukan identitas nasional, sekaligus menjawab tantangan seperti radikalisme dan fragmentasi sosial. Implikasi penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa institusi pendidikan tinggi berbasis pesantren dapat menjadi model harmonisasi pendidikan agama dan kewarganegaraan. Penelitian lanjutan direkomendasikan untuk mengevaluasi dampak model ini secara kuantitatif dan mengeksplorasi penerapannya dalam konteks pendidikan yang lebih luas.
Carrasco Serrano, G, (2024). La Meseta Sur de Hispania en Época Romana Altoimperial. Ediciones de la Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, 360 páginas, ISBN: 978-84-9044-635-5.
Authors: Martínez-Sarasate Javier
Published: February 2025

Book Review
Zdrowie uczniów przedmiotem dyskusji podczas Zjazdów Lekarzy i Przyrodników Polskich na przełomie XIX i XX wieku
Authors: Dolata Elżbieta
Published: February 2025

Na przełomie XIX i XX wieku, w związku z niepokojącymi wynikami badań lekarskich,  w całej Europie rozgorzały burzliwe dyskusje dotyczące ochrony zdrowia dzieci i młodzieży. Wychodząc z założenia, że efekty pracy dydaktycznej uwarunkowane są dobrym zdrowiem fizycznym i psychicznym, zastanawiano się jak zapewnić dzieciom optymalne warunki rozwoju i zapobiec chorobom. Na ziemiach polskich, forum wymiany poglądów stały się m. in, Zjazdy Lekarzy i Przyrodników Polskich, których zorganizowano 15, w latach 1869 – 1937. W artykule poddano analizie treść wygłaszanych podczas zjazdów referatów, dotyczących zdrowia uczniów, celem określenia poruszanych w nich wątków. Analizy dokonano na podstawie Sprawozdań i Dzienników z poszczególnych Zjazdów. Podczas obrad najczęściej dyskutowano o stanie zdrowia uczniów,  prezentowano wyniki badań lekarskich, rozmawiano o warunkach higienicznych panujących w szkołach oraz formułowano propozycje rozwiązań poprawiających istniejący stan. Zjazdy obudziły społeczną świadomość w zakresie ochrony zdrowia uczniów i odegrały znaczącą rolę w rozwoju myśli i praktyki edukacyjnej na przełomie XIX i XX wieku.
Wędrówki z Mikołajem Kopernikiem. Komiksowy przewodnik historyczno-kulturowy jako źródło pracy na rzecz edukacji regionalnej w przestrzeni szkolnej
Authors: Lisowska Kinga
Published: February 2025

W artykule zaprezentowano pozycję „Wędrówki z Mikołajem Kopernikiem. Komiksowy przewodnik historyczno-kulturowy”. Dokonano analizy treści komiksu oraz zawartych w nim elementów jako czynników umożliwiających realizację edukacji  regionalnej w przestrzeni szkoły, a także zaproponowano formę pracy z przewodnikiem. W badaniach posłużono się metodą jakościową przeszukiwania źródeł wtórnych.
            Komiks stanowi narzędzie do pracy na rzecz edukacji regionalnej na różnych poziomach kształcenia. Może służyć do konstruowania wśród uczniów makroświata na podwalinach mikroświata. Budowaniu tożsamości indywidualnej a następnie społecznej, regionalnej a także kulturowej, narodowej aż wreszcie kontynentalnej i planetarnej. Twórcze wykorzystanie tego narzędzia i jego elementów pozwala na czynne włączenie dzieci i młodzieży do procesu edukacji regionalnej oraz na ich zadomowienie się w kulturze lokalnej przy otwartości na doświadczenia i wartości płynące z innych grup społecznych.
Dyssynchrony imaging for cardiac resynchronization therapy
Authors: Zubarev S. V. , Mishkina A. I. , Sazonova S. I.
Published: February 2025

The article presents an analysis of our own experience in the light of world literature on a wide range of methods for assessing electrical and mechanical cardiac dyssynchrony. Over the past decades, various options have been proposed, ranging from simple and easily performed ones, such as 12-lead electrocardiography, to more complex and expensive methods, such as invasive electroanatomical mapping. Despite promising results, none of the methods has yet become universal, capable of answering all questions. In this regard, the multifaceted process of assessing dyssynchrony continues.
Methods of left ventricle shape analysis in assessment and prediction of treatment effect in cardiac dyssynchrony
Authors: Rokeakh R. O. , Chumarnaya T. V. , Solovyova O. E.
Published: February 2025

The review discusses the importance of left ventricular shape analysis for diagnosis, severity assessment and prediction of treatment effectiveness in cardiac dyssynchrony. Various methods for assessing the left ventricle shape are consistently considered, starting from the sphericity index common in clinical practice, moving on to more complex and/or rare indices, then to the author's indices of left ventricular functional geometry, as well as to the methods of geometric morphometrics. The results obtained using left ventricular shape analysis in diagnostics and treatment planning are presented.
Mathematical models and artificial intelligence for studying the ventricular dyssynchrony and improving the effectiveness of cardiac resynchronization therapy
Authors: Nesterova T. M. , Kabak V. Yu. , Lebedev D. S. , Solovyova O. E.
Published: February 2025

The review is devoted to the current status of artificial intelligence (AI), mathematical modeling (MM) and their combination in the analysis of cardiac dyssynchrony mechanisms and its treatment using cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). Recent articles and reviews demonstrate the high promise of AI and MM in personalized medicine, but also identify existing obstacles to their implementation in clinical practice. The works discussed are devoted to a number of topical problems of clinical cardiology as follows: analysis of phenotypes of patients with cardiac dyssynchrony, search for novel prognostic factors of CRT effectiveness, pacing optimization, creation of highly accurate predictive models of response to CRT. For the first time, a review of studies is given that use combined approaches of mechanistic MM and AI. Such approaches break new ground for the application of personalized heart models both for generating realistic synthetic data (digital twins) on which AI models are trained, and as predictors that, along with clinical signs, are used in trained prognostic AI models to improve the accuracy of personalized diagnostics, predict the effectiveness and optimize treatment. The review consists of three sections focused on studies using AI, personalized MM of heart ventricles, and combined approaches (MM+AI).
Cardioneuroablation in the treatment of neurocardiogenic syncope and functional bradyarrhythmias. A literature review
Authors: Gorev M. V. , Rzaev F. G. , Vakhrushev A. D. , Mikhailov E. N.
Published: February 2025

Interest in the autonomic regulation of the cardiovascular system does not wane. Changes in autonomic nervous system activity are involved in the pathogenesis of acute and chronic conditions, such as sinus bradycardia, sinus arrest and atrioventricular block, vasovagal syncope and other types of syncopal conditions. Traditional methods of prevention and treatment of such conditions include lifestyle changes, pharmacotherapy and, in some cases, pacemaker implantation, but in many cases they are unable to eliminate the symptoms or cure the disease. We conducted a descriptive review of the most significant publications on effectiveness and development of the cardiac neuroablation technique in patients with vasovagal syncope and neurogenic functional bradyarrhythmias — sinus node dysfunction and atrioventricular conduction disorders. This technique allows to effectively prevent neurocardiogenic syncope relapses, reduce the tendency to functional bradyarrhythmias by eliminating pathological parasympathetic tone. Cardioneuroablation allows to eliminate indications for pacemaker implantation or to delay its implementation.
Temporal and spatial distribution of sporotrichosis in the Rio de Janeiro Metropolitan Area, Brazil: a comparison between human and animal cases (2013-2020)
Authors: Ferreira Victória Catharina Dedavid , Figueiredo Anna Barreto Fernandes , Magalhães Mônica de Avelar Figueiredo Mafra , Pereira Sandro Antonio , Tassinari Wagner
Published: February 2025

Cat-transmitted sporotrichosis is currently hyperendemic in the Rio de Janeiro Metropolitan Area, Brazil. Despite the zoonotic context, surveillance is fragmented, with human and animal contagion being assessed separately. This study aimed to describe and compare spatial and temporal patterns of sporotrichosis cases in humans and animals (cats and dogs) reported to the Brazilian Information System for Notificable Diseases in the Rio de Janeiro metropolitan area, from 2013 to 2020. We conducted an ecological study based on the spatial and temporal evolution of sporotrichosis in the area. We compared the time series of human and animal cases per month. We also compared the cumulative human incidences and the ratio of animal cases per inhabitant by neighborhood or subdistrict and explored spatial correlation with global and local Moran’s I. During the period, 9,552 human and 12,532 animal sporotrichosis suspected cases were reported. Via spatial and temporal exploratory analyses, we verified actions that favored notification during this period, such as establishing mandatory notification and campaigns related to public veterinary care. We also verified the existence of clusters in the west zone of the capital and border cities, and the expansion of sporotrichosis to other disadvantaged areas in the capital and the outskirts of the metropolitan area. Moreover, we observed divergent patterns between human and animal sporotrichosis distribution in time and space. Our findings show a spatial expansion of sporotrichosis in humans and animals; however, they also highlight the limitations of ongoing surveillance, indicating we probably are underestimating magnitude of the problem.
A raça/cor modifica o efeito da mobilidade educacional intergeracional na satisfação com a vida e na renda familiar? Resultados do ELSA-Brasil
Authors: Assis Bianca Cristina Silva de , Barreto Sandhi Maria , Griep Rosane Harter , Patrão Ana Luísa , Giatti Luana , Camelo Lidyane V.
Published: February 2025

Usando dados de 12.987 participantes da segunda visita do ELSA-Brasil (2012-2014), investigamos se a raça/cor (branca, parda, preta) modifica a associação da mobilidade educacional intergeracional com a satisfação com a vida e renda média per capita. A mobilidade educacional intergeracional foi avaliada comparando a escolaridade materna com a do próprio participante. Foi utilizada a Escala de Satisfação com a Vida (satisfeito versus insatisfeito) para avaliar a satisfação com a vida. A prevalência de insatisfação com a vida foi maior em pretos (13,5%) e pardos (12,4%) do que em brancos (9,2%). Após ajustes por idade, sexo, situação conjugal e centro de pesquisa, a mobilidade educacional ascendente foi associada às chances 32% (OR = 0,68; IC95%: 0;53-0;86) menores de insatisfação com a vida quando comparada à trajetória estável-baixa; mas essa associação foi observada apenas entre brancos. A trajetória estável-alta foi associada às chances 31% (OR = 0,69; IC95%: 0,56-0,86) e 29% (OR = 0,71; IC95%: 0,54-0,95) menores de insatisfação com a vida em brancos e pardos, respectivamente. Nenhuma associação entre mobilidade social e satisfação com vida foi observada entre os pretos. De forma consistente com esses achados, as trajetórias educacionais ascendente e estável-alta associaram-se a maior renda familiar per capita em brancos e a menor renda em pretos. Nossos resultados reforçam que o racismo estrutural reduz os benefícios da mobilidade educacional em termos de satisfação com a vida e renda em pretos e pardos em comparação aos benefícios observados em brancos.
TiN coatings on Ti15Mo alloys for enhanced two-body wear performance in dental applications
Authors: Akçay Ahmet Doğan , Meletlioğlu Emrah , Sadeler Recep
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT Ti15Mo alloys have recently been attracted in biomaterials due to its favourable mechanical and biocompatibility properties. However, the wear resistance of this alloys should be improved for dental applications. The objective of this in vitro study was to investigate the effects of a TiN film on two-body wear properties of the Ti15Mo alloy. The microstructure properties of uncoated and TiN film-coated alloys were comparatively investigated via X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and microhardness measurement systems. The wear performance of uncoated and coated samples has also been evaluated using a dual-axis computer-controlled wear simulator device in distilled water. Following the completion of the two-body wear test procedures, the mean wear volume loss of all test samples was determined utilising a non-contact 2D and 3D profilometer. The two-body wear resistance of TiN film-coated alloys was superior to that of the uncoated alloys. The coated samples exhibited enhanced wear resistance, which was accompanied by an increase in hardness and a reduction in surface roughness. The mean wear volume loss of coated samples was lower than the other group samples irrespective of test conditions.