bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE MANAGEMENTS TO CONTROL SOIL EROSION
Authors: Cerdà Artemi , Terol Enric
Published: October 2021

High rates of soil erosion compromise sustainable agriculture. In rainfed agricultural fields, erosion rates several orders ofmagnitude higher than the erosion rates considered tolerable have been quantified. In Mediterranean rainfed crops suchas vineyards, almonds and olive groves, and in the new sloping citrus and persimmon plantations, the rates of soil lossmake it necessary to apply measures to reduce them to avoid collapse in agricultural production. Managements such asweeds, catch crops and mulches (straw and pruning remains) are viable options to achieve sustainability. This work appliesmeasurements through plots, simulated rainfall experiments and ISUM (Improved Stock-Unearhing method) to quantifythe loss of soil at different temporal and spatial scales in fields of traditional management (herbicide or tillage) and underalternative management (mulches and plant covers). The work carried out at the experimental station for the study of soilerosion in the Sierra de Enguera and those of Montesa and Les Alcusses provide information on erosion plots undernatural rain. Experiments carried out with simulated rain in fields of olive, almond, citrus, persimmon, vineyard and fruittrees report the hydrological and erosive response under low frequency and high intensity rains. And finally, the ISUMtopographic method report the impact of long-term management, from the plantation. The results indicate that the loss ofsoil is greater (x10-1000) in soils under traditional management (tillage and herbicide) due to the fact that they remain barefor most of the year. The use of straw mulch immediately reduces soil erosion by two orders of magnitude. Also mulchesfrom chipped pruned branches remains are very efficient but require more years to reduce soil loss. Weeds and catchcrops are very efficient in controlling erosion.
O IMPACTO DAS ALERGIAS RESPIRATÓRIAS EM PESSOAS ACOMETIDAS POR COVID-19: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Brazil Sthefany dos Santos , Santos Nathanael Nascimento Dos , Ferreira Marcos Antonio , Guimarães Beatriz Gonçalves , Cunha Morgana Sousa Da
Published: October 2021

Introdução: A alergia é uma reação de defesa do organismo a algum invasor ou corpo estranho, desencadeando uma cascata de ações fisiológicas para preservar a saúde, dentre as ações tem-se a produção de substâncias inflamatórias. Os dados da Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) mostram que cerca de 30% da população mundial é acometida por alergias respiratórias como: bronquite, rinite e asma alérgica. Essas reações alérgicas afetam especialmente o sistema respiratório, o que no cenário atual é preocupante, pois o paciente pode apresentar sintomas em comum com a COVID-19, doença responsável pela pandemia vivida no presente momento, o ponto em comum entre as alergias e a COVID-19 é o comprometimento do mesmo sistema, induzindo o questionamento a respeito de uma possível relação entre eles. Objetivos: Destacar o impacto das alergias respiratórias em pessoas acometidas por COVID-19. Material e métodos: Foi realizado um estudo descritivo por meio de uma pesquisa na Base de dados: Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) em agosto/2021, usando como string de pesquisa “COVID-19 AND rinite alérgica” resultando em 31 retornos, onde foram selecionados 28 estudos para leitura, 2 foram descartados após a leitura do título e resumo e 1 duplicado. Resultados: Conforme o material levantado, parte significativa apresentou dados que evidenciavam as alergias respiratórias como possível agravante para a COVID-19, mesmo que uma pequena parcela não demonstrou a mesma conclusão, ainda houve a apresentação de inconclusividade e/ou controvérsia por dois estudos. Conclusão: Deve-se considerar as alergias respiratórias como fator importante quando houver infecção por SARS-CoV-2, visto que dentre os achados há uma grande possibilidade de influência sobre quadro clínico de pacientes com COVID-19, em especial no caso asma persistente moderada não controlada, por apresentar desenvolvimento de inflamação crônica das vias respiratórias pequenas.
TOXOPLASMOSE OCULAR CONGÊNITA ADQUIRIDA : UMA DOENÇA INFECTOCONTAGIOSA DE CARÁTER ZOONÓTICO : UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: Oliveira Viviane Marques de , Ribeiro Aline Barbosa
Published: October 2021

Introdução: A toxoplasmose é uma doença causada pelo protozoário intracelular obrigatório, toxoplasma gondii. É uma zoonose cosmopolita e distribuída mundialmente, o ciclo biológico é complexo, e tem três formas importantes: oocisto, taquizoíto e bradizoíto. O felídeo doméstico e silvestre é o hospedeiro definitivo . A contaminação ao homem ocorre através do contato direto com as fezes contaminadas , e a ingestão dos oocistos através da manipulação de alimentos e a forma congênita. Apresenta um quadro clínico variado, desde a infecção assintomática até manifestações clínicas. Quanto a manifestação ocular, a uveíte pode ser observada, porém a lesão mais frequente e de alta morbidade é a coriorretinite, atribuída em até 60% dos pacientes. Objetivo: Neste contexto, sabendo que a toxoplasmose ocular é uma zoonose, este estudo tem como objetivo realizar uma revisão sobre os aspectos gerais como: etiologia, epidemiologia, manifestação ocular, diagnóstico , tratamento e prevenção. Materiais e Métodos: Tratou-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica descritiva para atender os objetivos propostos. Foram analisados leituras de periódicos, revistas, trabalhos e artigos eletrônicos indexados sobre o tema Resultados: Tendo em vista que a toxoplasmose ocular na população é atribuída a diversos fatores , a hipótese inicial é devido a intensidade de exposição. Há uma estimativa que 70% a 90% dos pacientes com toxoplasmose congênita e de 10% a 12% de pacientes com infecção pós-natal desenvolvem a doença ocular sempre em forma de retinocoroidite. As características clínicas são : retinitite acometendo a coroide e vítreo e são observados infiltrados de células inflamatórias aderidas a face posterior da córnea . O diagnóstico é feito pelas manifestações clínicas e laboratoriais. O tratamento é o uso da antibioticoterapia e corticoide. Conclusão: A toxoplasmose ocular tem caráter zoonótico e a forma ocular pode acarretar a perda da acuidade visual se não tratado. Espera-se que o conhecimento do ciclo biológico , formas profiláticas como : lavagem das mãos após manipulação das fezes do gato doméstico e não ingestão de carnes cruas , possa diminuir a infecção na forma congênita e que esse levantamento bibliográfico possa contribuir e abrir novos outros estudos para esclarecer melhores formas de tratamentos e abordagens para uma maior atenção e assistência a esses pacientes.
PROTEÍNA NÃO-ESTRUTURAL (NS1) COMO FERRAMENTA DIAGNÓSTICA PRECOCE E ALVO TERAPÊUTICO NA DENGUE
Authors: Alves Ana Vitória Gomes
Published: October 2021

Introdução: A dengue é uma arbovirose tropical negligenciada mundialmente, transmitida pelo Aedes aegypti. A proteína não-estrutural 1 (NS1) está presente nos quatro sorotipos da dengue, e é um importante marcador de viremia na fase inicial da doença por ser secretada na circulação durante a replicação viral, está associada a doença clínica grave que se manifesta como febre hemorrágica da dengue (DHF) ou síndrome do choque da dengue pela indução de interleucina (IL) ‐10 e tem sido estudada além de biomarcador para diagnóstico, como alvo terapêutico. Objetivos: Descrever o uso da proteína não estrutural (NS1) para diagnóstico precoce da dengue e como potencial alvo terapêutico. Material e métodos: Foi realizado uma revisão da literatura, onde os artigos foram consultados nas bases de dados científicos: NCBI e Scielo, com os termos: “Dengue”, “NS1”, “Patogênese”, publicados entre 2014 e 2020. Resultados: Estudos mostram que a NS1 contribui na patogênese da doença, ao interagir com o endotélio e induzir vazamento vascular, uma característica clínica da dengue grave, também ativando o sistema complemento e induzindo citocinas imunossupressoras. Por isso, sua detecção precoce contribui para o diagnóstico/tratamento imediato, prevenindo a evolução para formas mais agressivas da doença. Essa proteína também pode ser utilizada para identificar quais pacientes tem chances de desenvolver febre hemorrágica, pois durante a fase inicial da doença os níveis de NS1 são mais altos. Tem sido recomendada a combinação da detecção do antígeno NS1 na circulação e dos anticorpos anti-NS1 para melhorar a sensibilidade e a especificidade do diagnóstico. Em estudos em camundongos, os anticorpos anti-NS1 podem reduzir a replicação viral de células infectadas, bloquear os efeitos patogênicos desencadeados por NS1 in vitro e em in vivo. Conclusão: É necessário o desenvolvimento de novos testes que aumentem a sensibilidade e especificidade do diagnóstico da NS1 e também tratamentos direcionados à NS1 que podem ser úteis na redução da gravidade da doença.
DIAGNÓSTICO DIFERENCIAL DA HIDRADENITE SUPURATIVA: UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: Swarowsky Isabela Lazaroto , Giehl Fábia Alessandra , Hernandes Cristiane Pimentel
Published: October 2021

Introdução: A hidradenite supurativa (HS) é uma doença inflamatória caracterizada por lesões supurativas e dolorosas recorrentes ou crônicas nas regiões portadoras de glândulas apócrinas. A doença afeta a unidade foliculopilossebácea majoritariamente na pele intertriginosa da região axilar, perianal, perineal, genital, inframamária e da virilha. Sintomas como dor, mau cheiro, drenagem e desfiguração que muitas vezes acompanham a HS, acarretam um profundo impacto psicossocial, sendo extremamente importante o diagnóstico precoce dessa condição. Essa revisão possui uma vasta relevância na saúde pública, tendo em vista os desafios que os profissionais da saúde enfrentam para diferenciar a HS de outras patologias. Objetivos: Revisar a respeito do diagnóstico diferencial da HS, com ênfase nos estudos dos últimos 5 anos. Material e métodos: Uma pesquisa de literatura foi conduzida por meio de uma seleção de estudos do PubMed e UpToDate sobre o diagnóstico diferencial da HS publicados recentemente (pesquisados de 3 a 21 de abril de 2021), utilizando as palavras-chave "hidradenite supurativa", "diagnóstico diferencial", "manifestações clínicas" e "impacto psicossocial". Os critérios de elegibilidade dos artigos foram: data de publicação, número de citações, fator de impacto e grau de formação dos autores envolvidos. No total, foram selecionados 10 artigos, sendo 6 excluídos pelos critérios mencionados. Resultados: A HS é clinicamente diagnosticada com base na natureza, progressão e localização das lesões. Elas frequentemente mimetizam outros distúrbios, como: abcessos, furúnculos, carbúnculos, pioderma folicular, acne, doença de Crohn, doença pilonidal, cisto epidermóide, cisto de Bartholin, donovanose, linfogranuloma venéreo, actinomicose, doença da arranhadura do gato, tuberculose cutânea e esteatocistoma múltiplo. Assim, por conta da dificuldade de se realizar um diagnóstico diferencial da HS em todo o mundo, existe um atraso diagnóstico de cerca de 7 anos após o início dos primeiros sintomas da doença, impactando negativamente na qualidade de vida dos indivíduos acometidos. Conclusão: O diagnóstico tardio da HS implica um atraso no início terapêutico, trazendo efeitos devastadores para o paciente, devido ao curso progressivo e destrutivo das alterações cutâneas. Assim, o conhecimento acerca dessa condição é muito importante, pois a partir de um diagnóstico mais precoce, minimiza-se os impactos psicossociais negativos nos pacientes e diminui-se os custos em atendimentos a eles.
Arkeolojik Alanlarda Mimari Düzenlemelerin ve Sunum Tekniklerinin Türkiye'deki Örnekler Üzerinden Karşılaştırmalı Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: KESKİN Yeliz , TANAÇ ZEREN Mine
Published: October 2021

Arkeolojik miras alanları ve ören yerleri geçmişte yaşamış uygarlıklar ve toplumlar hakkında çeşitli bilgiler barındırmakta ve bu bilgilerin günümüze taşınmasına olanak sağlamaktadır. Evrensel değer taşıyan arkeolojik eserlerin sürdürülebilirliğini sağlamak için birçok onarım ve bakım yöntemi uygulanmakta, çeşitli koruma tedbirleri alınmaktadır. Fakat bu eserlerin sürdürülebilirliğinin sağlanması çeşitli müdahalelerin ve koruma tedbirlerinin yanında ancak bulguların ve araştırmaların çağdaş sunum teknikleri ve mimari yöntemler kullanılarak ziyaretçiler ile buluşturulması, bulguların kamu tarafından algılanması böylece kamu üzerinde koruma bilinci oluşturulması ile mümkündür. Bu bağlamda arkeolojik miras alanlarında, alan yönetim planı kapsamında alanın sunumu ve sergilenmesi için çeşitli analizler ve değerlendirmeler yapılmalı, bulguların ve araştırmalara dayalı bilgilerin ziyaretçilere aktarımı için doğru yöntemler belirlenmeli ve alan üzerinde gerekli tasarımlar ve mimari düzenlemeler yapılmalıdır. Bu makalede çeşitli sunum teknikleri, mimari düzenlemeler, fiziksel ve algısal uygulamalar, Türkiye’de seçilen dört arkeolojik alan üzerinden değerlendirilmiştir. Bu alanlar Konya Çatalhöyük, İzmir Yeşilova Höyüğü, Bursa Aktopraklık Höyük ve Aksaray Aşıklı Höyük olarak belirlenmiştir. Araştırma kapsamında seçilen dört alanda da çeşitli mimari düzenlemeler uygulanmış ve bu arkeolojik alanlar çeşitli çağdaş sunum teknikleri ile donatılmıştır. Belirlenen ören yerlerinde yapılan düzenlemeler ‘hedefler’ ve ‘tasarım kriterleri’ başlıkları altında karşılaştırmalı olarak yerinde incelenmiştir. Sonuç olarak da arkeolojik alanların belirlenen kriterler bağlamında koruma ve kazı çalışmalarının verimli şekilde sürmesi ve bulguların ziyaretçilere daha nitelikli şekilde aktarımı için gerekli bilgiler ortaya konmuştur.Bu makalede çeşitli sunum teknikleri, mimari düzenlemeler, fiziksel ve algısal uygulamalar, Türkiye’de seçilen dört arkeolojik alan üzerinden değerlendirilmiştir. Bu alanlar Konya Çatalhöyük, İzmir Yeşilova Höyüğü, Bursa Aktopraklık Höyük ve Aksaray Aşıklı Höyük olarak belirlenmiştir. Araştırma kapsamında seçilen dört alanda da çeşitli mimari düzenlemeler uygulanmış ve bu arkeolojik alanlar çeşitli çağdaş sunum teknikleri ile donatılmıştır. Belirlenen ören yerlerinde yapılan düzenlemeler ‘hedefler’ ve ‘tasarım kriterleri’ başlıklarıaltında karşılaştırmalı olarak incelenmiştir. Sonuç olarak da arkeolojik alanların belirlenen kriterler bağlamında koruma ve kazı çalışmalarının verimli şekilde sürmesi ve bulguların ziyaretçilere daha nitelikli şekilde aktarımı için gerekli bilgiler ortaya konmuştur.
Mass spectral characterization of secondary organic aerosol from urban cooking and vehicular sources
Authors: Zhu Wenfei , Guo Song , Zhang Zirui , Wang Hui , Yu Ying , Chen Zheng , Shen Ruizhe , Tan Rui , Song Kai , Liu Kefan , Tang Rongzhi , Liu Yi , Lou Shengrong , Li Yuanju , Zhang Wenbin , Zhang Zhou , Shuai Shijin , Xu Hongming , Li Shuangde , Chen Yunfa , Hu Min , Canonaco Francesco , Prévôt Andre S. H.
Published: October 2021

Abstract. In the present work, we conducted experiments of secondary organic
aerosol (SOA) formation from urban cooking and vehicular sources to
characterize the mass spectral features of primary organic aerosol (POA) and
SOA using an high-resolution time-of-flight aerosol mass spectrometer
(HR-ToF-AMS). Our results showed that the cooking styles have a greater
impact on aged COA (cooking organic aerosol) mass spectra than oxidation conditions. However, the
oxidation conditions affect the aged HOA (hydrocarbon-like OA) spectra more significantly than vehicle operating conditions. In our study, we use mass spectra similarity analysis and positive matrix factorization (PMF) analysis to establish the POA and SOA mass spectra of these two sources. These mass spectra are used as source constraints in a multilinear engine (ME-2) model to apportion the OA (organic aerosol) sources in the atmosphere. Compared with the traditional ambient PMF results, the improved ME-2 model can better quantify the contribution of POA
and SOA from cooking and vehicular sources. Our work, for the first time,
establishes the vehicle and cooking SOA source profiles, and can be further
used in the OA source apportionment in the ambient atmosphere.
Prediction Error Growth in a more Realistic Atmospheric Toy Model with Three Spatiotemporal Scales
Authors: Bednář Hynek , Kantz Holger
Published: October 2021

Abstract. This article studies the growth of the prediction error over lead time in a schematic model of atmospheric transport. Inspired by the Lorenz (2005) system, we mimic an atmospheric variable in 1 dimension, which can be decomposed into three spatiotemporal scales. We identify parameter values that provide spatiotemporal scaling and chaotic behavior. Instead of exponential growth of the forecast error over time, we observe a more complex behavior. We test a power law and the quadratic hypothesis for the scale dependent error growth. The power law is valid for the first days of the growth, and with an included saturation effect, we extend its validity to the entire period of growth. The theory explaining the parameters of the power law is confirmed. Although the quadratic hypothesis cannot be completely rejected and could serve as a first guess, the hypothesis’s parameters are not theoretically justifiable. In addition, we study the initial error growth for the ECMWF forecast system (500 hPa geopotential height) over the 1986 to 2011 period. For these data, it is impossible to assess which of the error growth descriptions is more appropriate, but the extended power law, which is theoretically substantiated and valid for the Lorenz system, provides an excellent fit to the average initial error growth of the ECMWF forecast system. Fitting the parameters, we conclude that there is an intrinsic limit of predictability after 22 days.
A newly reconciled data set for identifying sea level rise and variability in Dublin Bay
Authors: Shoari Nejad Amin , Parnell Andrew C. , Greene Alice , Thorne Peter , Kelleher Brian P. , Devoy Robert J. N. , McCarthy Gerard
Published: October 2021

Abstract. We provide an updated sea level dataset for Dublin for the period 1938 to 2016 at yearly resolution. Using a newly collated sea level record for Dublin Port, as well as two nearby tide gauges at Arklow and Howth Harbour, we perform data quality checks and calibration of the Dublin Port record by adjusting the biased high water level measurements that affect the overall calculation of mean sea level (MSL). To correct these MSL values, we use a novel Bayesian linear regression that includes the Mean Low Water values as a predictor in the model. We validate the re-created MSL dataset and show its consistency with other nearby tide gauge datasets. Using our new corrected dataset, we estimate a rate of 1.08 mm/yr sea level rise at Dublin Port between 1953–2016 (95 % CI from 0.62 to 1.55 mm/yr), and a rate of 6.48 mm/yr between 1997–2016 (95 % CI 4.22 to 8.80 mm/yr). Overall sea level rise is in line with expected trends but large multidecadal varaibility has led to higher rates of rise in recent years.
Radial anisotropy and S-wave velocity depict the internal to external zones transition within the Variscan orogen (NW Iberia)
Authors: Acevedo Jorge , Fernández-Viejo Gabriela , Llana-Fúnez Sergio , López-Fernández Carlos , Olona Javier , Pérez-Millán Diego
Published: October 2021

Abstract. The cross-correlation of ambient noise records registered by seismic networks has proven to be a valuable tool to obtain new insights into the crustal structure at different scales. Based on 2- to 14-s-period Rayleigh and Love dispersion data extracted from the seismic ambient noise recorded by 20 three-component broadband stations belonging to two different temporary experiments, we present the first i) upper crustal (1–14 km) high-resolution shear wave velocity and ii) radial anisotropy variation models of the continental crust in NW Iberia. The area of study represents one of the best exposed cross-sections along the Variscan orogen of western Europe, showing the transition between the external eastern zones towards the internal areas in the west. Both the 2-D maps and an E-W transect reveal a close correspondence with the main geological domains of the Variscan orogen. The foreland-fold and thrust-belt of the orogen, the Cantabrian Zone, is revealed by a zone of relatively low shear wave velocities (2.3–3.0 km/s), while the internal zones generally display higher homogeneous velocities (> 3.1 km/s). The boundary between both zones is clearly delineated in the models, depicting the arcuate shape of the orogen grain. The velocity patterns also reveal variations of the bulk properties of the rocks that can be linked to major Variscan structures, such as the basal detachment of the Cantabrian Zone or the stack of nappes involving pre-Variscan basement; or sedimentary features such as the presence of thick syn-orogenic siliciclastic wedges. Overall, the radial anisotropy magnitude varies between −5 and 15 % and increases with depth. The depth pattern suggests that the alignment of cracks is the main source of anisotropy at < 8 km depths, although the intrinsic anisotropy seems to be significant in the West-Asturian Leonese Zone, the low-grade slate belt adjacent to the Cantabrian Zone. At depths > 8 km, widespread high and positive radial anisotropies are observed, caused by the presence of subhorizontal alignments of grains and minerals in relation to the internal deformation of rocks either during the Variscan orogeny or prior to it.
Continuous monitoring of surface water vapour isotopic compositions at Neumayer Station III, East Antarctica
Authors: Bagheri Dastgerdi Saeid , Behrens Melanie , Bonne Jean-Louis , Hörhold Maria , Lohmann Gerrit , Schlosser Elisabeth , Werner Martin
Published: October 2021

Abstract. In this study, the first fully continuous monitoring of water vapour isotopic composition at Neumayer Station III, Antarctica, during the 2-year period from February 2017 to January 2019 is presented. Seasonal and synoptic-scale variations in both stable water isotopes H218O and HDO are reported, and their links to variations in key meteorological variables are analysed. In addition, the diurnal cycle of isotope variations during the summer months (December and January 2017/18 and 2018/19) has been examined. Changes in local temperature and specific humidity are the main drivers for the variability in δ18O and δD in vapour at Neumayer Station III, on both seasonal and shorter timescales. In contrast to the measured δ18O and δD variations, no seasonal cycle in the Deuterium excess signal (d) in vapour is detected. However, a rather high uncertainty in measured d values especially in austral winter limits the confidence of this finding. Overall, the d signal shows a stronger inverse correlation with specific humidity than with temperature, and this inverse correlation between d and specific humidity is stronger for the cloudy-sky conditions than for clear-sky conditions during summertime. Back-trajectory simulations performed with the FLEXPART model show that seasonal and synoptic variations in δ18O and δD in vapour coincide with changes in the main sources of water vapour transported to Neumayer Station III. In general, moisture transport pathways from the east lead to higher temperatures and more enriched δ18O values in vapour, while weather situations with southerly winds lead to lower temperatures and more depleted δ18O values. However, on several occasions, δ18O variations linked to wind direction changes were observed, which were not accompanied by a corresponding temperature change. Comparing isotopic compositions of water vapour at Neumayer Station III and snow samples taken in the vicinity of the station reveals almost identical slopes, both for the δ18O–δD relation and for the temperature–δ18O relation.
CFD analysis of a Darrieus Vertical-Axis Wind turbine installation on the rooftop of a buildings under turbulent inflow conditions
Authors: Zamre Pradip , Lutz Thorsten
Published: October 2021

Abstract. The behavior of a rooftop mounted generic H-rotor Darrieus vertical axis wind turbine (H-VAWT) is investigated numerically in realistic urban terrain. The interaction of the atmospheric boundary layer with the different buildings, topography, and vegetation present in the urban environment leads to the highly turbulent inflow conditions with continuously changing inclination, and direction. Consequently, all these factors can influence the performance of a VAWT significantly. In order to simulate a small H-VAWT at rooftop locations in the urban terrain under turbulent inflow conditions, a computational approach is developed. First, the flow field in the terrain is initialized and computed with inflow turbulence. Later, the wind turbine grids are superimposed for further computation in the turbulent flow field. The behavior of the H-VAWT is complex due to the 3D unsteady aerodynamics resulting from continuously changing the angle of attack, blade wake interaction, and dynamic stall. To get more insights into the behavior of a rooftop mounted H-VAWT in turbulent flow, high fidelity DDES simulations are performed at different rooftop positions and compared the results against the behavior at uniform inflow conditions in the absence of inflow turbulence, built environment. It is found that the performance of wind turbine is significantly increased near the rooftop positions. The skewed flow at the rooftop location increases the complexity. However, this effect contributes positively to increasing the performance of wind turbines.
Saint Seiya en el aula de Cultura Clásica de 4º de la ESO: una propuesta didáctica
Authors: Coello Gutiérrez Emiliano
Published: October 2021

El objetivo de este trabajo interdisciplinar consiste en que los alumnos de 4º de la ESO, en la asignatura de Cultura Clásica, se acerquen a la mitología griega y a La Ilíada de Homero a través de la serie de animación Saint Seiya, basada en el manga de Masami Kurumada publicado en 1985. Efectivamente, el mangaka japonés rescata con pericia héroes de la mitología griega en una recreación muy personal y se inspira en La Ilíada de Homero para versionar algunas de las teomaquias o guerras sagradas que tienen lugar en la epopeya, entre otras cosas. En efecto, esta propuesta didáctica aspira a derribar los diques que a veces separan en el aula lo racional de lo emocional y lo tradicional de lo moderno.
Reflexiones metodológicas en torno a la Semántica: el caso de la ambigüedad y la sinonimia
Authors: Ariño-Bizarro Andrea , López-Cortés Natalia
Published: October 2021

La Semántica sigue siendo una disciplina que queda en un segundo plano en la clase de Lengua y Literatura. En algunos libros de texto, se establecen ejercicios sistemáticos que tienden a la repetición de las definiciones y dejan a un lado el aprendizaje significativo del alumnado. Sin embargo, los fenómenos semánticos son una oportunidad perfecta para convertir a los alumnos en los protagonistas de la reflexión metalingüística. En este trabajo se presenta una reflexión sobre dos de los fenómenos semánticos estudiados a lo largo de toda la Educación Secundaria Obligatoria: la ambigüedad léxica y la sinonimia. El objetivo que se persigue es doble: por un lado, actualizar la base teórica relativa a estos fenómenos y, por otro lado, mostrar cómo es posible enriquecer los materiales y actividades de los que disponemos en el aula. De esta manera, se establecen pautas para la mejora del estudio del significado.
ASIAN EMERGING ECONOMIES AND UNITED STATES OF AMERICA: DO THEY OFFER A DIVERSIFICATION BENEFIT?
Authors: Sharma Preeti
Published: October 2021

With the emergence of new capital markets and liberalization of stock markets in recent years, there has been an increase in investors' interest in international diversification. This is so because international diversification allows investors to have a larger basket of foreign securities to choose from as part of their portfolio assets, so as to enhance the reward-to-volatility ratio. This paper, thus, studies the issue of co-movement between Asian emerging stock markets and developed economies using the concept of co-integration. Furthermore, it has been observed that there has been increasing interdependence between most of the developed and emerging markets since the 1987 Stock Market Crash. This interdependence intensified after the 1997 Asian Financial Crisis. With this phenomenon of increasing co-movement between developed and emerging stock markets, the benefits of international diversification become limited. We have seen that stock markets behavior is random. Several researches have shown that stock markets moves in random and does not affected by any fundamentals. Some authors describe that global sentiments and fundamentals does not prove fruitful in studying the movement of stock markets. Several investment bankers and speculators daily predict the stock market movements of one economy on the basis of stock market movements of another economy. Researches have been conducted with the purpose of finding out the potential for investors to gain from investments in different economies. The paper analyzes the interdependence (if any) of developing or emerging Asian economies and United States of America. And, thus these trends can help the investors to diversify their portfolios. This study is conducted with the objective of finding out the potential for diversification in selected Asian countries and United States of America by studying correlations in the index returns.
Морфология, состав и структура поверхности пленок NiSi2/Si, полученных методом твердофазной эпитаксии
Authors: Мустафоева Н.М. , Ташатов А.К.
Published: October 2021

В работе имплантацией ионов Ni+ в Si в сочетании с отжигом в приповерхностном слое Si на глубине 15−25 nm получены нанокристаллические фазы и слои NiSi2. При D=8×1016 см−3 формировалась нанопленочная гетероструктура типа Si/NiSi2/Si. Впервые оценены ширины запрещенных зон нанокристалических фаз и слоев NiSi2, созданных в приповерхностной области Si. Методами оже-электронной спектроскопии, растровой электронной и атомно-силовой микроскопии изучено формирование эпитаксиальных слоев NiSi2 при осаждении Ni в Si с последующим отжигом. Показано, что при толщинах h<150 Å формируются островковые пленки NiSi2. Ширины запрещенных зон островков и пленок NiSi2 практически не отличаются друг от друга и составляют ~0.6 эВ, а значения ρ отличаются на несколько порядков.
The Role of Public-Sector Unions During Privatization
Authors: Kim Jungin
Published: October 2021

This paper reviews the historical and institutional backgrounds of public- and private-sector unions, internal and external trends involving publicsector unions, union representation in the public sector, union affiliation with citizens, and the relationship between privatization and public unions. Using these characteristics to reflect on the fundamental rationale of public-sector unions as the negotiators for public employees and as the promoters of political affiliation with citizens, the nature of the labor-management relationship emerges as a key factor in determining the effectiveness of unions in these roles.
An Analysis of Policy Satisfaction Using the Expectancy Disconfirmation Model*
Authors: Park Soonae , Hwang Dukyun
Published: October 2021

This study analyzed the impact of people’s expectations on policy satisfaction in South Korea, using an expectancy disconfirmation model wherein service satisfaction is decided by expectation and performance. Though recent studies have applied the model to evaluations of specific public services, this study applied it to macro policies in South Korea. To measure expectation levels, proxy variables were used: people’s trust in participants who have influence on policy and in the policy-making process. The results were not compatible with the model: the model’s implication that higher expectations induce lower satisfaction did not fit macro policy cases, where high expectations had a significant positive influence on satisfaction. Moreover, the type of expectation that is the focus of marketing studies, predictive expectation, is not appropriate to use with public policy cases; the quantity of prior experiences as a basis of predictive expectation is not significant to policy satisfaction. Expectation is obviously an important factor in the public’s evaluation of policy outputs, but further studies are necessary to fully understand its role.
Korea’s Experiences with Development: Revisiting MDGs from a Time Perspective
Authors: Im Tobin , Park JungHo
Published: October 2021

As interest in Millennium Development Goals surges, criticism targeting their applicability to developing and underdeveloped countries has also sharply increased. While Millennium Development Goals highlight important development goals, targets, and indices, they lack a time perspective. Korea’s experience suggests that it is impractical to pursue all developmental goals simultaneously. Instead, prioritizing goals based on country-specific contexts and approaching them sequentially is an approach better suited to underdeveloped and developing countries, because of their limited resources and underdeveloped social conditions, and can be more effective in achieving multiple goals in the long term.
The Effect of Mentoring in the Public Sector
Authors: Kim Jungin
Published: October 2021

Using data from 1,220 public and nonprofit sector managers in Georgia and Illinois, this research assesses intrinsic and extrinsic motivation as predictors of job satisfaction in association with mentoring. Using analyses of ordinary least squares regression and structural equation modeling, statistically significant and positive relationships were found between intrinsic motivation and job satisfaction. The impact of extrinsic motivation on job satisfaction was found to vary. Job satisfaction was significantly and positively related to organizational trust but negatively related to economic benefit and risk-averse organizational values and goals. Furthermore, mentoring showed a mediating effect on the relationship between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation and job satisfaction. These findings suggest that mentoring in the public sector not only helps organizational members to develop their careers and to build better relationships with colleagues but also results in an increased relationship between job motivation and job satisfaction.
Co-evolution of Policy and Emerging Technology: Hydrogen Energy Policies in Iceland, the United Kingdom, and Korea
Authors: Park Sangook
Published: October 2021

This article explores the relationship between science and technology, on the one hand, and science, technology, and innovation policy, on the other. It argues that interactions between them involve a co-evolutionary process that varies with national systems of innovation. To find real-time evidence for this, an emerging technology was chosen for analysis, namely hydrogen energy technology. Various systemic perspectives aim to show how the development path of a technology is shaped by different interests and relations within society. This article demonstrates the existence of a co-evolution pathway that varies, depending on a country’s innovation system, mediated by governance structure. National systems of innovation strongly affect the co-evolution pathway depending on their particular needs, limitations, and circumstances. The findings support the recently proposed interactive model of science, technology, and innovation policy making, which includes an interactive learning process and working policy networks of stakeholders including researchers, policy makers, and civil society.
Social Service Contracting-Out in Korea and Japan: Municipal Governments, Nonprofit Contractors, and Local Residents*
Authors: Kim Juae , Kaneko Yuko
Published: October 2021

Focusing on the role of local residents’ participation in nonprofit social service contracting-out, this research has three aims. The first is to reveal the commonalities and differences in the relationships among municipal governments, contractors, and local residents in Korea and Japan through the use of survey data. We observed several common elements between the two countries regarding the relationship between municipal governments and nonprofit contractors. However, the relationships between nonprofit contractors and local residents were quite different in each country because of their different local selfgoverning environments. The second is to identify the current types of local residents’ participation in contracting-out, and to categorize them into inclusion of local residents as members of contractors, participation of local residents in governance mechanisms, open meetings, and involvement of local residents as volunteers. The final aim is to ascertain whether there are statistical differences between the respondents’ perceptions in the two countries regarding the effects of local residents’ participation on service responsiveness. Using an independent sample t-test analysis, we verified that Japanese municipal managers had more positive and statistically significant perceptions regarding the effects of open meetings, and Korean nonprofit managers had more positive and statistically significant perceptions regarding the effects of involvement as volunteers.
Women’s Bargaining Power and Educational Expenditures: Implications for Subsidy Policy
Authors: Park Minsoo , Oh Jeungil , Lee Sora
Published: October 2021

This study tackles the question of whether the distribution of power in a family might affect the level of expenditure on each child’s education. We constructed a direct measure of the bargaining power of a wife and husband within a household. Our analysis showed that a household spends more money on children’s education when the wife has a larger voice. We also found that the marginal effects of a wife’s income lessened when the relative power of the wife and husband was controlled. Our analysis may imply the effect of a household’s income will be multiplicative if women’s control of household resources empowers women. However, if all that matters is the power itself, then giving money to women without changing their bargaining power will not work toward our expectations.
Fiscal Decentralization and Economic Growth: A Test for Granger Causality
Authors: Kwon Illoong
Published: October 2021

This paper tests the existence and the direction of causality between fiscal decentralization and economic growth. The previous literature has implicitly assumed that decentralization causes economic growth, and has largely ignored the possibility that economic growth can cause fiscal decentralization as well. This paper applies the Granger-causality test to panel data from 21 countries between 1975 and 1995, and finds that fiscal decentralization does not cause economic growth, but that economic growth causes fiscal decentralization.
Factors Influencing the Success of Participatory Egovernment Applications in Romania and South Korea
Authors: Porumbescu Greg , Vrabie Catalin , Ahn Jiho , Im Tobin
Published: October 2021

While participatory e-government is increasingly advocated, few studies have investigated whether it is feasible across all national contexts. This study investigates how certain contextual features influence the success of participatory applications of e-government. In particular, it assesses how the political, economic, and social context in which a particular government operates influence the introduction of participatory e-government, and compares participatory e-government applications in Romania and South Korea. These nations possess important similarities and differences in their political, social, and economic contexts. The study results suggest that the success of participatory e-government projects is to a large extent contingent upon political and economic factors and less related to social factors.
The Emergence of an Economic-Security Nexus and the Diversity of FTA Linkage Strategies in East Asia*
Authors: Lee Seungjoo
Published: October 2021

While aggressively embracing free trade agreements (FTAs) in general, East Asian countries have incorporated security and political factors in promoting FTAs under the swiftly shifting regional economic and security environments, epitomized by the end of the Cold War, the Asian financial crisis, and the intensifying Sino-Japanese rivalry. Therefore, a sole focus on economic factors would fail to shed light on East Asian strategies for linking FTAs and security. While FTAs have mushroomed in East Asia since 2000, East Asian countries have pursued FTAs not merely to increase their economic interests. In many cases, they have attempted to link FTAs to broader security considerations. However, they have demonstrated markedly diverse ways of linking FTAs and security, depending on their primary economic and security imperatives as well as their domestic political situations.
Participative Practices and In-Role Performance in the Korean Local Government: Focusing on an Individual’s Perceptions of Human Resource Development Practices
Authors: Cho Taejun , Faerman Sue R. , Yoon Sujae
Published: October 2021

Considering inconsistent results in the extant literature regarding whether participative practices improve performance, we focused on the mediating roles of an individual’s perception of human resource development practices, including training and career development, on the relationship between the two constructs. We began by examining the validity of the constructs under the study. Next, using structural equation modeling, we found that an individual’s perception of career development fully mediates the relationships between the two participative practices, including participation and empowerment, and in-role performance. In addition, the findings indicated that individuals’ perception of training fully mediates the relationship between empowerment and performance, but failed to play a mediating role on the relationship between participation and performance.
Challenges for Government Innovation in Bangladesh
Authors: Tahrima Subhan , Jaegal Don
Published: October 2021

Innovation is not self-generating or self-sustaining. Successful innovation requires leadership to establish organizational capacity to generate ideas and to ensure prompt and effective service. If any government fails to provide these supports to the innovation process, it will not be effective. This paper seeks to identify factors that hamper government innovation in Bangladesh. It proposes a strategy for the Bangladesh government that involves political institutionalization, administrative and market decentralization, promotion of social and economic justice, and good governance in order to promote innovation processes and ensure successful innovation flows within the country.
Image Re-branding in a Fragile State: The Case of Nigeria*
Authors: Ojo Godwin Uyi , Aghedo Iro
Published: October 2021

In today’s globalized world, nations are increasingly concerned about how they are perceived by their publics, often carefully planning and executing policies to maintain a positive identity or shed a negative image. While some countries are able to execute nation branding, others are not. Using the Nigerian experience as a case study, this article shows how the character of a state can undermine its capacity for successful nation branding. We argue that countries are judged not just by what they say but also by what they do, and that inherent contradictions such as sectarian violence, ethnic tension, and corruption underline Nigeria’s underdevelopment and its reputation at home and abroad. We assess this trajectory in the context of state fragility and “prebendalization” politics in a country with a powerful colonial legacy, and suggest a duality of order and disorder involving formal and informal structures of governance that impinge significantly on re-branding efforts.
Comparison between the Immediate Effects of Instrument Assisted Soft Tissue Mobilization and Active Release Technique in Individuals Wearing High Heels
Authors: Shah Jahnvi T. , Ghumatkar Mayuri , Kumar Ajay
Published: October 2021

Background: Wearing high heels regularly places muscle-tendon units (MTUs) in a shortened position. In this condition the length of the calf MTU (gastrocnemius-soleus) is reduced by the continuous ankle plantar flexion cause by the heel lift imposed by the high heels, which leads to concomitant inflexibility of these muscles. Tightness of these muscles inturns leads to formation of trigger points within the muscles. Instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization (IASTM) is an approach to soft tissue manipulation that uses concave and convex stainless steel instruments to release scar tissue, break soft tissue adhesions, and remove fascial restrictions. Active Release Techniques, or ART, is a soft tissue treatment method that focuses on relieving tissue tension via the removal of fibrosis/adhesion that develops in tissue that is overloaded with repetitive use.
Objective: To compare the immediate effect of Instrument Assisted Soft Tissue Mobilization and Active Release Technique for gastrosoleus muscle in individuals wearing high heels using VAS and active dorsiflexion using universal goniometer.
Method: 30 subjects were selected as per inclusion and exclusion criteria and were randomly allocated into two groups of 15 each. Group A received Instrument Assisted soft tissue mobilization and Group B received Active Release Technique for Gastro-soleus muscle. Pre and Post intervention Dorsiflexion range of motion and VAS scores were analysed.
Result: The statistical analyses showed that there is signification increase in dorsiflexion range of motion and significant reduction in pain in both the groups. (p<0.0001). However, inter group analysis showed that Group A is much more effective in improving the range of motion and reducing pain scores.
Conclusion: The present study concluded that Instrument Assisted Soft Tissue Mobilization is a better intervention for the release of trigger points as it shows greater increase in ankle dorsiflexion range of motion and a significant pain reduction when compared to Active Release Technique.

Key words: Instrument Assisted Soft Tissue Mobilization(IASTM), Active Release Technique(ART), Range of Motion, pain, High Heels, Calf Muscles.
Wavelength dependent photosensitivity modulation of Aluminium/Lead sulphide/Indium tin oxide back-to-back diode
Authors:   Department of Electronic Science, Acharya Prafulla Chandra College, New Barrackpore, Kolkata-700111, India, Banerjee Abhijit
Published: October 2021

The photosensitivity of aluminium (Al)/lead sulphide (PbS)/indium tin oxide (ITO) thin layered structure is investigated considering the photon wavelength dependent current-voltage and capacitance-voltage characteristics of the device. The current-voltage characteristics of the test structure are analyzed adopting the back-to-back Schottky barrier diode model. The diode possesses low dark current in contrast to the high value of photocurrents measured under different illumination wavelengths. The change in photocurrents with different illumination wavelengths clearly indicates the change in photo-sensitivity of the device. The capacitance-voltage characteristics of Al/PbS/ITO structure demonstrate a definite improvement of the device capacitance with the higher wavelength exposures. The matter is explained in terms of the additional capacitance owing to the excess carrier generation within the device under illumination. The photosensitivity modulation of the device can be exploited in photo-sensor or photo-detector applications in various electronic devices.