bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estimation of PM2.5 Concentration across China Based on Multi-Source Remote Sensing Data and Machine Learning Methods
Authors: Yang Yujie , Wang Zhige , Cao Chunxiang , Xu Min , Yang Xinwei , Wang Kaimin , Guo Heyi , Gao Xiaotong , Li Jingbo , Shi Zhou
Published: January 2024

Long-term exposure to high concentrations of fine particles can cause irreversible damage to people’s health. Therefore, it is of extreme significance to conduct large-scale continuous spatial fine particulate matter (PM2.5) concentration prediction for air pollution prevention and control in China. The distribution of PM2.5 ground monitoring stations in China is uneven with a larger number of stations in southeastern China, while the number of ground monitoring sites is also insufficient for air quality control. Remote sensing technology can obtain information quickly and macroscopically. Therefore, it is possible to predict PM2.5 concentration based on multi-source remote sensing data. Our study took China as the research area, using the Pearson correlation coefficient and GeoDetector to select auxiliary variables. In addition, a long short-term memory neural network and random forest regression model were established for PM2.5 concentration estimation. We finally selected the random forest regression model (R2 = 0.93, RMSE = 4.59 μg m−3) as our prediction model by the model evaluation index. The PM2.5 concentration distribution across China in 2021 was estimated, and then the influence factors of high-value regions were explored. It is clear that PM2.5 concentration is not only related to the local geographical and meteorological conditions, but also closely related to economic and social development.
Spatiotemporal Distributions of the Thunderstorm and Lightning Structures over the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau
Authors: Du Yangxingyi , Zheng Dong , Zhang Yijun , Yao Wen , Xu Liangtao , Fang Xianggui
Published: January 2024

Utilizing data from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite’s precipitation radar (PR) and lightning imaging sensor (LIS), this study explores the spatiotemporal distributions of thunderstorm and lightning structures over the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau (QTP), an aspect that has not been explored previously. The structural aspects are crucial when considering the impact of thunderstorm and lightning activity in the atmospheric processes. Thunderstorms over the QTP show clear spatial variations in both vertical height and horizontal extension. In the southern region, the average heights of 20 dBZ and 30 dBZ echo tops typically exceed 11.2 and 9.3 km, respectively. Meanwhile, in the eastern part, the average coverage areas for reflectivity greater than 20 dBZ and 30 dBZ consistently surpass 1000 and 180 km2, respectively. The spatial distribution of thunderstorm vertical development height relative to the surface aligns more closely with the horizontal extension, indicating stronger convection in the eastern QTP. The thunderstorm flash rate shows an eastward and northward prevalence, while the thunderstorm flash density peaks in the western and northeastern QTP, with a minimum in the southeast. Furthermore, in the eastern QTP, lightning duration, spatial expansion, and radiance are more pronounced, with the average values typically exceeding 0.22 s, 14.5 km, and 0.50 J m−2 sr−1 μm−1, respectively. Monthly variations reveal heightened values during the summer season for thunderstorm vertical extension, areas with reflectivity greater than 30 dBZ, and lightning frequency. Diurnal variations highlight an afternoon increase in thunderstorm vertical and horizontal extension, lightning frequency, duration, and spatial scale. From a statistical perspective, under weak convective conditions, lightning length exhibits a positive correlation with thunderstorm convection intensity, contrasting with the opposite relationship suggested by previous studies. This article further analyzes and discusses the correlations between various thunderstorm and lightning structural parameters, enhancing our understanding of the distinctive features of thunderstorm and lightning activities in the QTP.
Framework for Autonomous UAV Navigation and Target Detection in Global-Navigation-Satellite-System-Denied and Visually Degraded Environments
Authors: Boiteau Sebastien , Vanegas Fernando , Gonzalez Felipe
Published: January 2024

Autonomous Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) have possible applications in wildlife monitoring, disaster monitoring, and emergency Search and Rescue (SAR). Autonomous capabilities such as waypoint flight modes and obstacle avoidance, as well as their ability to survey large areas, make UAVs the prime choice for these critical applications. However, autonomous UAVs usually rely on the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) for navigation and normal visibility conditions to obtain observations and data on their surrounding environment. These two parameters are often lacking due to the challenging conditions in which these critical applications can take place, limiting the range of utilisation of autonomous UAVs. This paper presents a framework enabling a UAV to autonomously navigate and detect targets in GNSS-denied and visually degraded environments. The navigation and target detection problem is formulated as an autonomous Sequential Decision Problem (SDP) with uncertainty caused by the lack of the GNSS and low visibility. The SDP is modelled as a Partially Observable Markov Decision Process (POMDP) and tested using the Adaptive Belief Tree (ABT) algorithm. The framework is tested in simulations and real life using a navigation task based on a classic SAR operation in a cluttered indoor environment with different visibility conditions. The framework is composed of a small UAV with a weight of 5 kg, a thermal camera used for target detection, and an onboard computer running all the computationally intensive tasks. The results of this study show the robustness of the proposed framework to autonomously explore and detect targets using thermal imagery under different visibility conditions. Devising UAVs that are capable of navigating in challenging environments with degraded visibility can encourage authorities and public institutions to consider the use of autonomous remote platforms to locate stranded people in disaster scenarios.
Improved Simulated Annealing Algorithm on the Design of Satellite Orbits for Common-View Laser Time Transfer
Authors: Xue Han , Zhang Ziang , Deng Shiyu , Mu Liwei , Fu Jingqi , Diao Lingtian
Published: January 2024

Laser Time Transfer (LTT) has proven to be able to improve remote time transfer accuracy compared to microwave technology. The impact of satellite clock errors and atmospheric delays during LTT will be further reduced in the common-view mode. The challenge is presented as an optimization problem that is limited by satellite trajectories. This paper introduces an improved simulated annealing algorithm designed to maximize the common-view possibility among various station pairs within regional Satellite Laser Ranging (SLR) networks by optimizing satellite orbit trajectories. The study proposes a system model that integrates LTT principles with satellite visibility considerations. The simulated annealing algorithm is improved with new annealing strategies that incorporate control strategies, and modify the cooling function. Comparative simulation analyses demonstrate the effectiveness of the algorithm, resulting in a significant reduction in computation time by over 10 times. The optimized orbits exhibit common-view windows between 3.337 and 8.955 times longer than existing orbits. Further simulations are conducted to optimize the orbits, and common-view models are established for 45 pairs among 10 stations. The optimizations result in common-view times ranging from 6.183 to 60.633 min in the Asia-Pacific region and from 5.583 to 61.75 min in the Europe-to-Asia region. This can provide valuable references for designing satellite constellations.
Accuracy Improvement of Automatic Smoky Diesel Vehicle Detection Using YOLO Model, Matching, and Refinement
Authors: Shiao Yaojung , Huynh Tan-Linh , Hu Jie Ruei
Published: January 2024

The detection of smoky diesel vehicles is a key step in reducing air pollution from transportation. We propose a new method for identifying smoky vehicles that proceeds in three stages: (1) the detection of vehicle shapes, license plates, and smoke regions; (2) the implementation of the two matching techniques based on the smoke region–vehicle shape and smoke region–license plate relationships; and (3) the refinement of the smoke region detected. The first stage involves the evaluation of various You Only Look Once (YOLO) models to identify the best-fit model for object detection. YOLOv5s was the most effective, particularly for the smoke region prediction, achieving a precision of 91.4% and a mean average precision at 0.5 (mAP@0.5) of 91%. It also had the highest mean mAP@0.5 of 93.9% across all three classes. The application of the two matching techniques significantly reduced the rate of false negatives and enhanced the rate of true positives for the smoky diesel vehicles through the detection of their license plates. Moreover, a refinement process based on image processing theory was implemented, effectively eliminating incorrect smoke region predictions caused by vehicle shadows. As a result, our method achieved a detection rate of 97.45% and a precision of 93.50%, which are higher than that of the two existing popular methods, and produced an acceptable false alarm rate of 5.44%. Particularly, the proposed method substantially reduced the processing time to as low as 85 ms per image, compared to 140.3 and 182.6 ms per image in the two reference studies. In conclusion, the proposed method showed remarkable improvements in the accuracy, robustness, and feasibility of smoky diesel vehicle detection. Therefore, it offers potential to be applied in real-world situations.
Determination of Electrical and Mechanical Properties of Liquids Using a Resonator with a Longitudinal Electric Field
Authors: Semyonov Alexander , Zaitsev Boris , Teplykh Andrey , Borodina Irina
Published: January 2024

The possibility of determining the elastic modules, viscosity coefficients, dielectric constant and electrical conductivity of a viscous conducting liquid using a piezoelectric resonator with a longitudinal electric field is shown. For the research, we chose a piezoelectric resonator made on an AT-cut quartz plate with round electrodes, operating with a shear acoustic mode at a frequency of about 4.4 MHz. The resonator was fixed to the bottom of a 30 mL liquid container. The samples of a mixture of glycerol and water with different viscosity and conductivity were used as test liquids. First, the frequency dependences of the real and imaginary parts of the electrical impedance of a free resonator were measured and, using the Mason electromechanical circuit, the elastic module, viscosity coefficient, piezoelectric constant and dielectric constant of the resonator material (quartz) were determined. Then, the container was filled with the test sample of a liquid mixture so that the resonator was completely covered with liquid, and the measurement of the frequency dependences of the real and imaginary parts of the electrical impedance of the loaded resonator was repeated. The dependences of the frequency of parallel and series resonances, as well as the maximum values of the electrical impedance and admittance on the conductivity of liquids for various viscosity values, were plotted. It was shown that these dependences can be used to unambiguously determine the viscosity and conductivity of the test liquid. Next, by fitting the theoretical frequency dependences of the real and imaginary parts of the electrical impedance of the resonator loaded with the liquid under study to the experimental dependences, the elastic module of the liquid and its dielectric constant were determined.
A Study of Outliers in GNSS Clock Products
Authors: Maciuk Kamil , Varna Inese , Krzykowska-Piotrowska Karolina
Published: January 2024

Time is an extremely important element in the field of GNSS positioning. In precise positioning with a single-centimetre accuracy, satellite clock corrections are used. In this article, the longest available data set of satellite clock corrections of four GNSS systems from 2014 to 2021 was analysed. This study covers the determination of the quality (outliers number and magnitude), availability, stability, and determination of the specificity and nature of the clock correction for each satellite system. One problem with the two newest satellite systems (Galileo and BeiDou) is the lack of availability of satellite signals in the early years of the analysis. These data were available only in the later years of the period covered by the analysis, as most of the satellites have only been in orbit since 2018–2019. Interestingly, the percentage of outlying observations was highest in Galileo and lowest in BeiDou. Phase and frequency plots showed a significant number of outlying observations. On the other hand, after eliminating outlying observations, each system showed a characteristic graph waveform. The most consistent and stable satellite clock corrections are provided by the GPS and GLONASS systems. The main problems discussed in this paper are the determination of the number and magnitude of outliers in clock products of four GNSS systems (GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, Beidou) and the study on the long-term stability of GNSS clocks analysis, which covers the years 2014–2021.
Factors Associated with the Profitability of Agritourism Operations in Maryland, USA
Authors: Bhandari Prem B. , Ejiogu Kingsley , Karki Lila B. , Escobar Enrique N. , Arbab Nazia N. , Kairo Moses T.
Published: January 2024

Small and medium farmers across the USA face multifarious challenges for survival. Agritourism has been an alternative to diversify their income streams. Researchers have examined various factors determining the profitability of agritourism operations that range from the operators’ socio-demographic and firmographic to geographic characteristics. However, the understanding of the extent to which the number of visitors and other factors influence the profitability of agritourism operators in Maryland, USA, is limited. This paper examines various factors associated with (a) the profitability of and (b) the number of visitors to agritourism operations. Using data collected from Maryland in 2022, the multivariate results reveal that the number of visitors to the farm increases the odds of profitability. However, the relationship was mediated by the number of employees, which influenced the number of attractions and visitors. Moreover, the number of employees independently and significantly affected the profitability. Further results reveal that the length of operation, the number of employees, and operating during the fall season significantly influence the number of visitors. These findings imply that policies should consider ways to facilitate labor hiring as well as other factors to attract farm visitors and increase farm profitability.
Placemaking in the Post-Pandemic Context: Innovation Hubs and New Urban Factories
Authors: Tricarico Luca
Published: January 2024

This debate article explores the potential of urban manufacturing to rejuvenate Italian cities through the productive reuse of disused industrial heritage. It emphasizes the need for transformative placemaking approaches that integrate diverse activities, fostering economic and functional diversity within ecosystems. The paper addresses key policy considerations and the impact of dedicated spaces or hubs in engaging specialized communities of workers. It acknowledges the emergence of new professional demands due to Industry 4.0 and highlights potential polarization toward highly skilled profiles. The ongoing pandemic crisis and the rise of gig and platform economies also pose challenges to traditional services and lower-skilled professionals. The paper raises questions regarding attracting makers and their contribution to urban employment growth. It underscores the importance of inclusive learning and shared prosperity by promoting the hybridization of technical, cultural, and social functions within productive-cultural sectors. The governance of hubs and innovation ecosystems necessitates a shared vision and responsibility, fostering partnerships with stakeholders at national and international levels. The examples of BASE and the Technopole of Bologna demonstrate placemaking practices that prioritize the construction of proximate relationships, extending beyond physical improvements. These practices are applied in industrial settings, research, cultural production, and education, with low barriers to entry and targeted approaches to diverse user groups.
Food Literacy Assessment of a Sample of Romanian Higher Education Students
Authors: Boariu Sorina Madalina , Scutariu Ana Maria , Reurean Pintilei Delia , Tarcea Monica , Guiné Raquel P. F. , Ferreira Manuela
Published: January 2024

Background: Food literacy is an essential aspect of modern education, nourishing students with the knowledge and necessary skills to make informed, healthy, and sustainable food choices. Building upon the validated research conducted in Portugal concerning the nutritional knowledge level of Portuguese students, our objective was to provide a similar survey instrument to Romanian students to assess their level of food literacy. Methods: The data was collected, based on a pilot study, from 120 Romanian students who completed an online questionnaire. The questionnaire covered anthropometrics, physical activity, diet, food literacy knowledge, and behavior. Food literacy was classified into three distinct sections: literacy about healthy eating patterns, literacy about labeling and food choices, and literacy about nutritional value and composition. Results: Students who possessed the most elevated food literacy were also the ones with a high academic performance. Weight issues affected 45% of students, with a significant 12.7% having eating disorders. We found no association between food literacy, BMI, and age. Conclusions: Our pilot study could lay the foundation for similar studies for our country on a larger scale, with the aim of developing further educational curricula and community programs regarding nutrition, striving towards a healthier future.
Seasonal Analysis of Yield and Loss Factors in Bt Soybean Crops in North Brazil
Authors: Pereira Poliana Silvestre , Santos Abraão Almeida , Noleto Luciane Rodrigues , dos Santos Juliana Lopes , Picanço Mayara Moledo , Guedes Allana Grecco , dos Santos Gil Rodrigues , Picanço Marcelo Coutinho , Sarmento Renato Almeida
Published: January 2024

Tropical crops face significant challenges from abiotic and biotic stressors, resulting in substantial losses. This study aimed to assess the yield and losses in Bt soybean crops in Tocantins state, northern Brazil, during the 2017/2018 and 2018/2019 growing seasons. We monitored and estimated yield losses and their contributing factors in commercial fields, spanning dry and rainy seasons, from planting to harvest. Our findings revealed that crop yields remained consistent between the dry season (4349.85 kg/ha) and the rainy season (4206.51 kg/ha). Similarly, the overall yield loss showed no significant variation between seasons, with values of 902.86 kg/ha (dry) and 1007.92 kg/ha (rainy). Nevertheless, the factors contributing to these losses exhibited season-dependent variations. We observed higher plant mortality rates during the dry season, whereas insects (particularly stink bugs) and fungi were the primary contributors to grain yield losses during the rainy season. Conversely, losses due to flower abortion and pod malformation remained relatively consistent between the two seasons. Our study underscores the increase in soybean yield in one of Brazil’s agricultural frontiers. While overall yield and losses remained stable between dry and rainy seasons, the distinct seasonal patterns influencing yield losses call for nuanced and season-specific strategies in sustainable crop management.
Enhancing Sustainability in Power Electronics through Regulations and Standards: A Literature Review
Authors: Fang Li , Turkbay Romano Tugce , Rio Maud , Mélot Julien , Crébier Jean-Christophe
Published: January 2024

Considering sustainability in Power Electronics (PE) is a relatively recent topic of interest. However, the existing regulatory and normative frameworks supposed to guide designers and industries in this direction have not been combined in an exhaustive way. This article aims to bridge the gap by conducting a literature review of the regulative and normative constraints for sustainability in PE. This study primarily addresses the framework at the European level, with a focus on French regulations and standards. In this study, a total of 63 relevant documents are collected and analyzed. A framework representing the overview of existing legislation and facultative guidelines for PE ecodesign is established. A collaborative online tool is developed to enable access to the inventory by PE stakeholders. The analysis of the framework outlines the limitations and challenges needing to be addressed, including the absence of constraints on environmental performance, the inadequacy of material efficiency standards for PE products, and the unclear methodology for ecodesign implementation. This work, undertaken at the European level with a detailed examination of the French context, is intended to serve as an inspiring analysis for other countries and for PE designers who are considering the regulatory framework of a European representative country.
A Review of One-Box Electro-Hydraulic Braking System: Architecture, Control, and Application
Authors: Zhao Xinyu , Xiong Lu , Zhuo Guirong , Tian Wei , Li Jing , Shu Qiang , Zhao Xuanbai , Xu Guodong
Published: January 2024

With the development of automobile electrification and intelligence, new requirements have been put forward for automotive braking technologies. Under this background, the One-box EHB (Electro-Hydraulic Braking system) brake-by-wire technology has emerged, which combines the electric booster and wheel-cylinder control module into one box and can realize vehicle stability and comfort functions such as service brake, pedal feel simulation, brake decoupling, failure backup, active braking, and wheel-cylinder pressure control. This article reviews the current research of key technologies of One-box EHB, including system architecture design and applications under high-level autonomous driving, master cylinder pressure control algorithm design, wheel-cylinder pressure control algorithm design, and electro-hydraulic composite braking control algorithm design. Finally, this article summarizes the current research status of One-box EHB key technologies and puts forward suggestions for future research directions.
Optimizing Energy Consumption of Industrial Robots with Model-Based Layout Design
Authors: Răileanu Silviu , Borangiu Theodor , Lențoiu Ionuț , Constantinescu Mihnea
Published: January 2024

The paper describes the development of an optimization model for the layout of an industrial robot relative to known locations of served machines and operations to be performed. Robotized material handling applications, defined by trajectories (paths, speed profiles) and final points, are considered in this research. An energy-monitoring framework set up by joint velocities provides input data that are fed to the optimization model. The physical placement of the robot base stands for the decisional variables, while the objective function is represented by the total distance covered by individual joints along established task routes transposed into energy consumption. The values of the decisional variables are restricted by trajectory constraints (waypoints on paths), joint operating values and link dimensions. Modelling technique and practical results using the Microsoft Solver optimization tool from Excel for Microsoft 365, Version 2312 are reported for SCARA-type robots. The performance of the optimization model is compared with actual measurements of consumed energy on an Adept Cobra S600 SCARA robot.
Temperature Effects on Critical Energy Release Rate for Aluminum and Titanium Alloys
Authors: Long Teng , Wang Leyu , Lee James D. , Kan Cing-Dao
Published: January 2024

This work investigates temperature’s effect on the critical energy release rate using damage mechanics material models and the element deletion method. The energy release rate describes the decrease in total potential energy per increase in crack surface area. The critical energy release rate is widely used as the failure criterion for various elastic and plastic materials. In real-life scenarios, fractures may occur at different temperatures. The temperature dependency of the critical energy release rate for aluminum 2024-T351 and titanium Ti-6Al-4V is studied in this work. We utilized test-data-based advanced material models of these two alloys, considering the strain rate, temperature, and state of stress for plasticity and failure. These material models are used to simulate a three-dimensional fracture specimen to find the critical energy release rate at different temperatures. A new method to calculate the critical energy release rate with the element deletion method is introduced and verified with the virtual crack opening method. This method enables the calculation of the energy release rate in a classical damage mechanics simulation for dynamic cack propagation. The simulation result indicates that the critical energy release rate increases with rising temperatures for these alloys.
Applying and Extending the Conservation of Resources (COR) Model to Trauma in U.S. Veterans
Authors: Munoz Andrea , Girguis Samuel , Martin Loren , Hollifield Michael
Published: January 2024

This was a novel pilot study about the relationship between PTSD severity and resource gain and loss using the conservation of resources (COR) model with U.S. Veterans. Higher PTSD severity was predicted to be associated with greater resource loss scores, and lower PTSD scores were predicted to be associated with greater resource gain scores. The sample size was limited (N = 19) due to the COVID-19 outbreak. Veterans completed a demographic questionnaire, the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), the Combat Exposure Scale (CES), the PTSD Symptom Scale–Interview (PSS-I), the Conservation of Resources–Evaluation (COR-E), and two additional open-ended questions. A statistically significant negative medium effect size was found between PTSD diagnosis and resource gain (r(17) = −0.42, p = 0.039, one-tailed). A large effect size in resource gain scores between PTSD and non-PTSD groups was also found (t(17) = 1.880, p = 0.077, d = 0.87), with the non-PTSD group reporting more gain of resources than the PTSD group. Post hoc tests revealed that the resource gain score of the mild PTSD group was significantly higher than that of the severe + very severe PTSD group (p = 0.034). Results suggest that resource gain, when compared to resource loss, was the strongest predictor for a non-PTSD diagnosis.
Strategies for Co-Creation and Co-Governance in Urban Contexts: Building Trust in Local Communities with Limited Social Structures
Authors: Bradley Sean , Mahmoud Israa H.
Published: January 2024

Over the last few years, community empowerment has become a central focus when discussing the sustainability of large-scale urban regeneration processes, especially those related to the implementation of nature-based solutions. In this article, the authors describe the experience of the CLEVER Cities project in the city of London, by looking at the dynamics of the early stages of co-creation and the implications on co-governance, motivation and policy. Particular attention is given to the importance of carefully evaluating the project context to guide where emphasis is given on the use of specific co-creation strategies such as building trust, raising awareness or networking. In this case, a set of strategies emerge that are a response to several factors but are strongly influenced by the backdrop of limited social structuring encountered in South Thamesmead, South London. The methods are derived based on a qualitative and looped observation approach over three phases applied to three urban living labs in the project area. Finally, to structure the results, an iterative co-production of knowledge approach is used to cluster the strategies into ten more synthetic recommendations based on collaborative governance, communication and capacity building, as well as incentives and motivation. Further, guidance is given by highlighting priorities to inform policy and place-based planning actions.
Characterization of Dengue Virus 4 Cases in Paraguay, 2019–2020
Authors: Rojas Alejandra , Shen John , Cardozo Fátima , Bernal Cynthia , Caballero Oliver , Ping Sara , Key Autum , Haider Ali , de Guillén Yvalena , Langjahr Patricia , Acosta Maria Eugenia , Aria Laura , Mendoza Laura , Páez Malvina , Von-Horoch Marta , Luraschi Patricia , Cabral Sandra , Sánchez María Cecilia , Torres Aurelia , Pinsky Benjamin A. , Piantadosi Anne , Waggoner Jesse J.
Published: January 2024

In 2019–2020, dengue virus (DENV) type 4 emerged to cause the largest DENV outbreak in Paraguay’s history. This study sought to characterize dengue relative to other acute illness cases and use phylogenetic analysis to understand the outbreak’s origin. Individuals with an acute illness (≤7 days) were enrolled and tested for DENV nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) and viral RNA by real-time RT-PCR. Near-complete genome sequences were obtained from 62 DENV-4 positive samples. From January 2019 to March 2020, 799 participants were enrolled: 253 dengue (14 severe dengue, 5.5%) and 546 other acute illness cases. DENV-4 was detected in 238 dengue cases (94.1%). NS1 detection by rapid test was 52.5% sensitive (53/101) and 96.5% specific (387/401) for dengue compared to rRT-PCR. DENV-4 sequences were grouped into two clades within genotype II. No clustering was observed based on dengue severity, location, or date. Sequences obtained here were most closely related to 2018 DENV-4 sequences from Paraguay, followed by a 2013 sequence from southern Brazil. DENV-4 can result in large outbreaks, including severe cases, and is poorly detected with available rapid diagnostics. Outbreak strains seem to have been circulating in Paraguay and Brazil prior to 2018, highlighting the importance of sustained DENV genomic surveillance.
Factors Associated with SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Fully Vaccinated Nursing Home Residents and Workers
Authors: Mateos-Nozal Jesús , Rodríguez-Domínguez Mario , San Román Jesús , Candel Francisco Javier , Villarrubia Noelia , Pérez-Panizo Nuria , Segura Esther , Cuñarro Juan Manuel , Ramírez-Arellano Manuel V. Mejía , Rodríguez-Ramos Rafael , Pariente-Rodríguez Roberto , Villar Luisa M. , Ramos Primitivo , Cantón Rafael , Cruz-Jentoft Alfonso J. , Galán Juan Carlos
Published: January 2024

Persons living or working in nursing homes faced a higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 infections during the pandemic, resulting in heightened morbidity and mortality among older adults despite robust vaccination efforts. This prospective study evaluated the humoral and cellular immunity in fully vaccinated residents and workers from two nursing homes in Madrid, Spain, from 2020 to 2021. Measurements of IgG levels were conducted in August 2020 (pre-vaccination) and June and September 2021 (post-vaccination), alongside assessments of neutralizing antibodies and cellular responses in September 2021 among the most vulnerable individuals. Follow-up extended until February 2022 to identify risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection or mortality, involving 267 residents (mean age 87.6 years, 81.3% women) and 302 workers (mean age 50.7 years, 82.1% women). Residents exhibited a significantly higher likelihood of experiencing COVID-19 before June 2021 compared with nursing staff (OR [95% CI], 7.2 [3.0 to 17.2], p < 0.01). Participants with a history of previous COVID-19 infection showed more significant increases in IgG levels in August 2020, June 2021 and September 2021, alongside an increased proportion of neutralizing antibodies in the most vulnerable individuals. However, IgG decay remained the same between June and September 2021 based on the previous COVID-19 status. During the Omicron variant wave, residents and staff showed a similar rate of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Notably, preceding clinical or immunological factors before receiving three vaccination doses did not demonstrate associations with COVID-19 infection or overall mortality in our participant cohort.
A Deep Learning Method for the Health State Prediction of Lithium-Ion Batteries Based on LUT-Memory and Quantization
Authors: Al-Meer Mohamed H.
Published: January 2024

The precise determination of the state of health (SOH) of lithium-ion batteries is critical in the domain of battery management systems. The proposed model in this research paper emulates any deep learning or machine learning model by utilizing a Look Up Table (LUT) memory to store all activation inputs and their corresponding outputs. The operation that follows the completion of training is referred to as the LUT memory preparation procedure. This method’s lookup process supplants the inference process entirely and simply. This is achieved by discretizing the input data and features before binarizing them. The term for the aforementioned operation is the LUT inference method. This procedure was evaluated in this study using two distinct neural network architectures: a bidirectional long short-term memory (LSTM) architecture and a standard fully connected neural network (FCNN). It is anticipated that considerably greater efficiency and velocity will be achieved during the inference procedure when the pre-trained deep neural network architecture is inferred directly. The principal aim of this research is to construct a lookup table that effectively establishes correlations between the SOH of lithium-ion batteries and ensures a degree of imprecision that is tolerable. According to the results obtained from the NASA PCoE lithium-ion battery dataset, the proposed methodology exhibits a performance that is largely comparable to that of the initial machine learning models. Utilizing the error assessment metrics RMSE, MAE, and (MAPE), the accuracy of the SOH prediction has been quantitatively evaluated. The indicators mentioned above demonstrate a significant degree of accuracy when predicting SOH.
Interplay between Parental Knowledge and Adolescent Inebriation, and Their Links to Parent–Child Relationships over Time
Authors: Kapetanovic Sabina , Turner Russell
Published: January 2024

While parental knowledge of adolescents’ whereabouts is generally considered to be a key protective factor for adolescent alcohol use, the developmental links during adolescence are unclear. Focusing on within-family processes on a sample of Swedish early to late adolescents (n = 782; 49% female) over four waves of data, we (1) tested the interplay between parental knowledge and adolescent alcohol inebriation, (2) investigated whether changes over time in parental knowledge and adolescent inebriation were linked to the parent–child relationship, and (3) tested the moderating role of adolescent gender and SES on these potential links. The results from random intercept cross-lagged panel models showed that increases in parental knowledge predicted decreases in frequencies of adolescent inebriation the following year as well a more positive parent–child relationship over time. Increases in adolescent inebriation were predicted by less parental knowledge only in late adolescence. These links were not moderated by adolescent gender or SES. The results emphasize the importance of increasing parental knowledge of adolescent activities in order to reduce adolescent involvement in heavy alcohol use as well as the importance of parent–child closeness.
The prevalence and severity of malocclusion in foster home children
Authors: Malanova O. A. , Morozova N. S. , Grinin V. M. , Admakin O. I. , Maltseva A. G. , Savenko E. T.
Published: January 2024

Relevance. Malocclusions in children present a pressing concern in the field of dentistry. Timely diagnostics and treatment of these conditions are crucial for children aged 6 to 18, residing in foster homes, where incidence tend to be higher compared to children raised in family settings. This heightened incidence is often attributed to the lack of timely examinations by pediatric dentist or orthodontists. Such examinations could have potentially prevented the development of malocclusions or facilitated the administration of appropriate orthodontic treatments.

Materials and methods. The study included 200 children aged 6 to 18, categorized into two groups: 100 children residing in foster homes or orphanages and 100 living with families (control group). Various malocclusions were identified using the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI) dental aesthetic index and Angle's classification.

Results. Malocclusions were identified in 89.3% of the children from foster home, compared to 66.6% of children from family households. The most prevalent types of malocclusions observed were crowding of front teeth and incisor cross-bite. The DAI dental aesthetic index was higher in children from foster home (DAI = 30.4) than in those from family (DAI = 27.8). Additionally, it was observed that none of the children from foster homes had undergone orthodontic treatment, in contrast to the children in the control group.

Conclusion. The study underscores the significance of diagnosing and treating malocclusions in children, with particular emphasis on those residing in foster homes. The results highlight the necessity of implementing effective methods to prevent and address malocclusions in such environments, aiming to enhance the dental health of the children.
Desarrollo de la práctica preprofesional durante la pandemia de COVID-19: experiencias en educación inicial
Authors: Dávila-Díaz María Elena , Olarte Ortiz María Nela , Zamudio Misari Hortencia , Carlevaro Palacios Vivian Emperatriz
Published: January 2024

En el 2020 la Organización Mundial de la Salud declaró la emergencia sanitaria por COVID-19, esto implicó el cambio de modalidad del sistema educativo a nivel mundial, impactando a los estudiantes de educación en la continuidad de su praxis pre-profesional a través de la virtualidad. La investigación tuvo como objetivo describir las experiencias de docentes y estudiantes de la Práctica Preprofesional de Educación Inicial en seis universidades latinoamericanas durante la pandemia por COVID-19. La investigación fue de enfoque cualitativo con un nivel descriptivo, la técnica para la recolección de información fue la entrevista, semiestructurada para los docentes, un grupo focal para 11 estudiantes y la adaptación de la técnica “self study”. Como conclusión se obtuvo que todos los participantes vivenciaron emociones como incertidumbre, temor y frustración, utilizando la tecnología y la mediación afectiva para abordar la práctica y cumplir con el compromiso con los niños, las instituciones y los familiares.
Evaluation Model of Athletes’ Lower Extremity Training Ability Based on LSTM Algorithm
Authors: Gao Yuanyuan , Qian Qiang , Sun Xuefeng , An Jiankun , Yuan Yutao
Published: January 2024

To achieve intelligent evaluation of the lower limb movement ability of athletes with sports disabilities, this article selects young athletes and middle-aged and young athletes with sports disabilities as the research objects, and healthy young athletes as the control group. Gait videos, GRF and knee angles of the subjects were collected to extract and analyse gait contours and features. The improved Visual Background extractor (ViBe) algorithm has the highest accuracy of 0.978 in PETS2006 video sequences; the recall rate of three algorithms in Highway video sequence is the highest, and the recall rate of improved ViBe algorithm is the highest, up to 0.965. AtƐ=0.7, the accuracy of the improved myloss training set is higher than that corresponding to other values; when the number of iterations is 98, the accuracy rate of improved myloss training set is 0.963, while the accuracy rate corresponding to the cross entropy loss function is 0.945. When the number of iterations is 151, the accuracy rate of the Xeption LSTM model is 0.956, higher than that of other models. Among corresponding mean ± standard deviation (GSA-MS) indicators, the GSA-MS values of Group L are significantly higher than those of group N and group Z (P<0.001). The correlation between GAS indicators and Gait Abnormality Rating Scale (GARS-M) is strong, with a correlation coefficient of 0.90.
Analisis Kelayakan Usahatani Kelapa Sawit (Studi Kasus Desa Bojo Kecamatan Budong-Budong Kabupaten Mamuju Tengah)
Authors: Nur Ariana , Maggabarani Ishak , Baso Andi
Published: January 2024

Tujuan yang ingin dicapai dalam penelitian ini ialah untuk mengetahui Berapa besar pendapatan dan nilai kelayakan usahatani kelapa sawit di Desa Bojo Kacamatan Budong-Budong Kabupaten Mamuju Tengah. lokasi penelitian ditentukan sacara porposive (sengaja) yaitu di Desa Bojo Kecamatan Budong-Budong Kabupaten Mamuju Tengah. Penelitian ini berlangsung pada bulan juni sampai agustus 2022. metode pengumpulan data yaitu data primer adalah data diperoleh dari hasil wawancara langsung dengan responden menggunakan kuesioner dan juga menggunakan  data sekunder yaitu data diperoleh dari instansi terkait. Adapun untuk mengetahui berapa besar pendapatan usahatani kelapa sawit  dengan rumus I=TR-TC, dan dan untuk menganalisis tingkat kelayakan usahatani kelapa sawit adalah dengan analisis R/C Ratio. Dari pengolahan data diperoleh hasil penelitian bahwa hasil penerimaan rata-rata yang dijalankan pada usahatani kelapa sawit dengan rata-rata luas lahan 1,83 Ha adalah sebesar  Rp. 26.061.025,-/Ha/Tahun, sedangkan total biaya rata-rata yang dikeluarkan adalah sebesar Rp. 7.424.620,-/Ha/Tahun dengan demikian total pendapatan rata-rata yang diperoleh adalah sebesar Rp. 18.636.404,-/Ha/Tahun. Kemudian hasil dari R/C adalah sebesar 3,51. artinya usahatani kelapa di Bojo Kecamatan Budong-Budong Kabupaten Mamuju Tengah Meguntungkan dan layak untuk diusahakan.
Dampak Pandemi Covid 19 Terhadap Pendapatan Usahatani Selada Hidroponik (Studi Kasus Di Kebun Makan’ja Hidrofarm) Kelurahan Manding Kecamatan Polewali Kabupaten Polewali Mandar
Authors: Asrul Asrul , Kusmiah Nurhaya , Siadina Siadina
Published: January 2024

Selada merupakan tanaman hortikultura karena termasuk dalam kelompok tanaman sayuran daun, sayuran ini merupakan tanaman asli Europa dan Asia. Kebun makan’ja hidrofarm adalah salah satu kebun hidroponik yang membudidayakan tanaman selada. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi pendapatan selada hidroponik di kebun makan’ja hidrofarm sebelum dan setelah adanya pandemi covid19 dan mengetahui dampak terhadap pendapatan di kebun makan’ja hidrofarmMetode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode kuantitatif dengan menggunakan analisis R/C Ratio. Hasi penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keuntungan selada hidroponik dikebun makan’ja hidrofarm sebelum pandemi covid 19 yaitu pada tahun 2019 sebanyak Rp. 2.568.834 dengan nilai kelayakan usaha yaitu 2.3 jika disesuaikan dengan kriteria R/C Ratio usahatani selada hidroponik layak dikembangkan, dan pada masa pandemi tahun 2020 keuntungan yang diperoleh sebesar Rp. 1.647.459 dengan nilai kelayakan usaha yaitu 1.8 kemudian tahun 2021 yaitu tahun setelah adanya pandemi covid 19 keuntungan yang diperoleh sebesar Rp. 2.306.209 dengan nilai kelayakan usaha yaitu 2.1 jika disesuaikan dengan kriteria R/C Ratio usahatani selada hidroponik layak dikembangkan namun terjadi penurunan
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PENDAPATAN USAHA TERNAK BABI DI DESA ULUMAMBI KECAMATAN BAMBANG KABUPATEN MAMASA.
Authors: Istamil Istamil , Santi Santi , Ismirandy Adli
Published: January 2024

Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Januari hingga Februari 2023 di Desa Ulumambi, Kecamatan Bambang, Kabupaten Mamasa. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat pendapatan peternak babi di desa Ulumambi dan faktor apa saja yang mempengaruhi pendapatan peternak babi di Ulumambi. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh peternak babi di Desa Ulumambi Kecamatan Bambang Kabupaten Mamasa yang berjumlah 98 peternak. Saat mengambil sampel, perhatian juga diberikan pada representasi populasi, yaitu. ukuran atau jumlah babi yang dipelihara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa usaha ternak babi masi belum maksimal. Ada perbedaan pendapatan pada usaha ternak babi berdasarkan skala usaha. Pada usaha ternak babi skala 2-4 memperoleh pendapatan sebesar Rp. 4.600.000/tahun, pada pola usaha skala 5-7 diperoleh pendapatan sebesar Rp. 9.200.000/tahun, dan usaha ternak babi skala 8-10 di peroleh pendapatan sebesar Rp. 10.720.000/tahun. Sedangkan biaya produksi yang memiliki nilai tertinggi terdapat pada skala 8-10 Rp. 13.280.000 dan nilai terendah dengan skala 2-4 Rp. 3.400.000. Adapun penerimaan yang diperoleh dari skala dengan nilai tertinggi dilihat dari skala 8-10 Rp. 24.000.000 dan yang terendah dengan skala 2-4 Rp. 8.000.000. Perbedaan Pendapatan petani disebabkan perbedaan jumlah babi yang dipelihara.
Tingkat Keberhasilan Pemberian Pupuk Super Nasa Dan Power Nutrition Nasa Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Produksi Tanaman Terung Ungu (Solanum Melongena L)
Authors: Napa Demma , Nurdin Dahlia , S. Satriani
Published: January 2024

Terung ( Solanum Melongena L) Merupakan tanaman sayuran yang banyak dikonsumsi masyarakat namun budidaya terung di Indonesia masih rendah di karenakan minat usahatani akan tanaman terung jumlah peminatnya tidak begitu banyak. Indonesia merupakan negara agraris yang membentang luas darat maupun lautan dengan produksi pertanian khususnya komoditas hortikultura yang melimpah sehingga perlu dan sangat dibutuhkan generasi penerus untuk lebih memahami sistim budaya yang baik dan benar. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kecamatan Mamasa Kabupaten Mamasa Provinsi Sulawesi Barat, yang dilaksanakan bulan april sampai dengan juni 2022, bertujuan untuk mengetahui keberhasilan pemberian pupuk super nasa dan power nutrition nasa terhadap pertumbuhan, produksi tanaman terung. Metode penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok terdiri dari enam perlakuan Yaitu: N0 = tanpa pemberian, N1= Pupuk Super Nasa 7,5gr/ 15ltr air/perlakuan, N2 =  Pupuk power Nutrition nasa 7,5gr / 15Lt air / perlakuan, N3 = pupuk super nasa 15gr + pupuk power nutrition nasa 7,5gr / 15Lt air / perlakuan, N4 = pupuk super nasa 7,5gr + pupuk power nutrition nasa 15 gr / 15Lt air / perlakuan, dan N5 = pupuk super nasa 15gr + power nutrition nasa 15gr 15 / 15Ltr air / perlakuan. Setiap perlakuan diulang 3 kali sehingga terdapat 15 unit penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian pupuk super nasa  dosis 15gr + Pupuk power nutrition nasa dosis 15gr dilarutkan dalam 15 lt air / perlakuan -1 (N5) berpengaruh baik padda tinggi tanaman umur 42 hari setelah tanam, jumlah daun umur 28, 42, dan 49 hari setelah tanam, dan jumlah buah pada tanaman terung.
Respon Pemberian Pakan Umbi Gandung Dengan Penambahan Pakan Komersial Terhadap Kualitas Telur Burung Puyuh
Authors: Diani Wafiq Fortuna , Mahmud Andi Tenri Bau Astuti , Fausiah Andi
Published: January 2024

Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui kualitas telur dan kandungan dari umbi gandung (Dioscorea hispidia dennst), dengan penambahan pakan komersial. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan, perbedaan dari tiap perlakuan untuk konsumsi pakan P0 (pakan komersial), P1 (umbi gandung 5% + pakan komersial), P2 (umbi gandung 10% + pakan komersial) dan P3 (umbi gandung 15% + pakan komersial). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat meningkatkan nilai produksi telur dengan nilai rataan tertinggi pada perlakuan P3 (46 butir) dan nilai terendah pada perlakuan P2 (49 butir) serta memberikan pengaruh terhadap diameter telur. Nilai rataan yang tertinggi pada perlakuan P0 (24,28 mm) dan nilai terendah pada perlakuan P1 (23,01 mm). Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah penambahan umbi gandung dapat dimanfaaatkan sebagai pakan alternatif yang dapat meningkatkan mutu kualitas telur burung puyuh