bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Antimicrobial Activity of New N-substituted Amides of Aroylpyruvic Acids and Their Silver Salts
Authors: Novikova V. V. , Vasilev V. O. , Gein V. L. , Nazarets O. V. , Romanova A. V. , Bobrovskaya O. V. , Buzmakova N. A.
Published: December 2023

Introduction. An important direction of modern pharmacy is the production of new domestic substances with anti-infectious activity, within the framework of ensuring the technological sovereignty of the state. Optimization of methods for determining antimicrobial activity is an integral part of these studies. Previously obtained silver salts of pyrazoles and pyrazolecarboxamideshad high antimicrobial activity. This work presents the results of determining the antimicrobial activity of new biologically active compounds synthesized by a salt formation reaction with silver ions at the carboxyl group of aroylpyruvic acid amides containing anthranilic acid in the amide fragment.

Aim. Obtaining previously unknown amides of aroylpyruvic acids and their silver salts and studying their antimicrobial activity (AMA).

Materials and methods. New N-substituted amides of anthranilic acids and their silver salts were obtained by organic synthesis methods. To study their antimicrobial activity, a micromethod of double serial dilutions was used on screening strains of S. aureus ATCC 6538P, E. coli ATCC 25922, as well as E. faecalis ATCC 29212, S. aureus Wood 46, S. abony No. 103/39 for highly active compounds. Additionally, a method of accounting for the results was carried out using the phenomenon of fluorescence in interaction with rezazurin, indicating the presence of living microbial cells.

Results and discussion. The presence of antibacterial activity of silver salts 2a and 2b in relation to the studied strains was established: the minimum suppressive concentration (MPC) of compound 2a is 23.4–31.2 micrograms/ml, 2b is 3.9–5.8 micrograms/ml. When taking into account the results of the study of AMA using the phenomenon of fluorescence, it was found that they either coincide with the values of MPC determined visually, or indicate less antibacterial activity. Comparison of these results and seeding of the contents of the wells on a dense nutrient medium with respect to screening strains indicates that the suppression of fluorescence in experimental wells in the range of 99–82 % compared with the control is accompanied by the absence of bacterial growth (bactericidal effect), with fluorescence inhibition of less than 60 %, a pronounced growth of microorganisms is observed. In the intermediate range, the growth of single colonies is observed (bacteriostatic effect).

Conclusion. The results of the study showed that the new silver salts of N-substituted amides of aroylpyruvic acids have high antimicrobial activity. The correspondence of the type of antibacterial activity to the degree of fluorescence inhibition was established.
Development of the Composition and Technology of Capsules Containing Peony Evadiant Rhizomes and Roots Dry extract and Glycine
Authors: Zamakhaeva E. A. , Smirnova M. M. , Oleshko O. A. , Chirkova M. V.
Published: December 2023

Introduction. The development of dosage forms of sedative action is an urgent task of pharmaceutical technology in view of the prevalence of diseases of the nervous system. Peony rhizomes and roots dry extract in combination with glycine have a sedative and anxiolytic effect, which is associated with an improvement in the psycho-emotional state. Taking into account the physicochemical characteristics and composition of biologically active substances of peony rhizomes and dry extract roots, it is necessary to select auxiliary substances that improve its technological properties.

Aim. Development of the composition and technology of hard gelatin capsules containing dry peony rhizomes and roots, dry extract and glycine.

Materials and methods. Objects of research – dry peony rhizomes and roots (LLC "Kazan Extract Plant", Russia), glycine (JSC "Biokhimik", Russia). Excipients: apple pectin (LLC TD "HIMMED", Russia), starch (LLC TD "HIMMED", Russia), aerosil (LLC TD "HIMMED", Russia), lactose (LLC TD "HIMMED", Russia), microcrystalline cellulose (LLC TD "HIMMED", Russia), basic magnesium carbonate (LLC TD "HIMMED", Russia), magnesium oxide (LLC TD "HIMMED", Russia).

Results and discussion. The composition and technology for obtaining capsules containing dry peony rhizomes and roots, dry extract and glycine, have been substantiated. The quality indicators of peony rhizomes and roots of dry extract in combination with glycine and developed capsules were determined.

Conclusion. The composition of capsules of peony rhizomes and roots of dry extract and glycine has been developed, auxiliary substances have been selected to ensure satisfactory technological properties of the mass for filling the capsules.
Pharmaceutical-technological Studies on the Development of Optimal Composition of Antibacterial Preparation Sekstafag® (Piobacteriophage Polyvalent) Capsules
Authors: Kovyazina N. A. , Nikolaeva A. M. , Orlova E. V.
Published: December 2023

Introduction. Nowadays liquid combined therapeutic and prophylactic bacteriophages produced by various manufacturers are widely used. In order to expand the Russian market with highly effective antibacterial phagopreparations it is urgent to develop solid dispersed dosage forms of bacteriophages in the form of solid capsules.

Aim. Optimization of biomass composition for encapsulation of antibacterial drug Sekstafag® (Piobacteriophage polyvalent) capsules.

Materials and methods. The object of research for the development of encapsulated antibacterial drug is liquid combined polyvalent bacteriophage Sekstafag® (Piobacteriophage polyvalent), which is a mixture of sterile filtrates of six phagolysates of bacteria Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., Proteus spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, enteropathogenic Escherichia coli. Pharmaceutical-technological tests were carried out according to GF. Granulate was investigated according to the following parameters: description, bulk density, friability. Solid capsules Sekstafag® were tested by the following parameters: mass uniformity, disintegration, acid resistance of bacteriophages in capsules, dissolution. The lytic activity of bacteriophages was evaluated by Appelman’s method. Optimization of Sekstafag® drug formulation in the form of capsules was carried out using generalized Harrington’s desirability function.

Results and discussion. In order to optimize the composition of biomass for encapsulation, pharmaceutical compositions consisting of combined bacteriophage Sekstafag® and auxiliary substances were prepared. The influence of excipients on the technological quality parameters of mixtures and capsules of model compositions was studied. According to the empirical system of preferences (desirability) it was revealed that the optimal pharmaceutical-technological characteristics (granulate description, bulk density, bulkiness, capsule mass uniformity, disintegrability, lytic activity, acid resistance of bacteriophage, dissolution) are possessed by the model composition containing combined polyvalent Sekstafag®, methylcellulose, sorbitol, lactose, pectin, sodium alginate, calcium carbonate, magnesium stearate. Originality of the developed composition Sekstafag® (Piobacteriophage polyvalent) in the form of capsules is confirmed by the patent of the Russian Federation № 2660355 "Antibacterial pharmaceutical composition for oral use containing bacteriophages". The drug Sekstafag® (Piobacteriophage polyvalent) capsules, is stable when stored for 18 months at temperatures from 2 to 8 °C.

Conclusion. As a result of the conducted complex pharmaceutical-technological research using Harrington’s desirability function the optimal composition of antibacterial preparation Sekstafag® (Piobacteriophage polyvalent) in the form of hard capsules No. 2 was developed.
Hepatoprotective Activity of Pine cones Extract
Authors: Gulyaev D. K. , Zykova S. S. , Belonogova V. D. , Semakin D. O. , Buzmakova N. A.
Published: December 2023

Introduction. Fatty hepatosis is a widespread metabolic disease. There is an annual increase in cases of detection of fatty hepatosis both in Russia and around the world. An urgent task is to search for new medicines for the treatment and prevention of the development of fatty hepatosis.

Aim. Investigation of the composition of procyanidins and the biological activity of pine cones extract on a model of fatty hepatosis in vivo.

Materials and methods. To obtain the extract, cones of pine harvested on the territory of the Perm Region in December were used. The extract was obtained by processing raw materials with hot water. The component composition of procyanidins in the extract was determined using ultra-efficient liquid chromatography with a mass selective detector. Hepatoprotective activity was studied on a model of fatty hepatosis induced by the introduction of carbon tetrachloride in vivo on white mongrel rats. Silymarin was used as a reference for comparison.

Results and discussion. As a result of chromatographic examination, the following procyanidins were identified in a dry aqueous extract of pine cones – B2, B3, C1, C2, D1. As a result of hepatoprotective activity, it was found that no changes were detected in the control (intact) group during the pathohistological examination of the liver. Index (degree) of steatosis: 0. In the experimental group, whose animals were injected with carbon tetrachloride without subsequent treatment, it was found that about 50 % of hepatocytes of the histological section were in a state of macro- and microvesicular fatty dystrophy. The steatosis index is 2. In the group of animals injected with carbon tetrachloride and treated with Karsil®, normalsized hepatocytes with single fatty microvesicles in the cytoplasm. The steatosis index is 0. In the group of animals injected with carbon tetrachloride and treated with pine cones extract, hepatocytes of normal size with an euchromic nucleus, in the central parts in a state of macro- and microvesicular fatty dystrophy (about 20-25 % of all hepatocytes of the histological section). The steatosis index is 1.

Conclusion. The extract of pine cones contributes to a moderate decrease in the prevalence of protein, small-focal small-droplet fatty dystrophy of hepatocytes. To increase hepatoprotective activity, it is necessary to investigate the effect of the extract at a dose of 30 mg/kg and above.
Scientific, Methodological and Organizational Approaches to Conducting Pre-clinical and Expert studies of Substances with Psychoactive Properties
Authors: Malkova T. L. , Mashchenko P. S. , Andreev A. I. , Apushkin D. Yu. , Vikhareva E. V.
Published: December 2023

Introduction. Studying the psychoactive properties of substances is an important task for regulating their circulation. It is relevant both for new psychoactive substances (NPS) that are in illegal circulation and for drugs entering the pharmaceutical market. In this regard, the issue of creating specialized analytical centers for conducting complex chemical and pharmacological studies does not lose its relevance.

Aim. The purpose of the work is to develop scientific, methodological and organizational approaches to conducting comprehensive studies of psychoactive substances based on generalizing the work experience of employees of the Regional Test Center (RTC) "Pharmatest" of the Perm State Pharmaceutical Academy, both in the study of new psychoactive substances, withdrawn from illegal circulation, as part of expert studies on behalf of law enforcement agencies, and as part of preclinical studies of new medicines.

Materials and methods. When performing the work, experimental and statistical data for 2010–2023 were used. on the study of NPS on the basis of the RTC "Pharmatest" in order to determine the possibility of classifying them as analogues of drugs of abuse, materials on the study of new drugs for the possible presence of psychoactive properties and affinity for certain receptors, approaches to conducting individual stages of expert examinations were assessed and described research, chemical and biological methods used.

Results and discussion. The stages of research into new psychoactive substances and the methodology for conducting tests on each of them, as well as the necessary equipment and approaches to interpreting the results obtained, have been determined and scientifically substantiated. The need to create analytical centers to conduct comprehensive expert studies of narcotic substances and preclinical studies of drugs is shown.

Conclusion. The developed methodological principles and organizational measures for conducting a comprehensive study of new psychoactive substances are important both for suppressing illegal drug trafficking in order to implement the State anti-drug policy, and for the development of domestic pharmaceuticals, designed to ensure the use of effective and safe medicines in medical practice.
Creation of a Scientific System for Analyzing the Scientific Activities of a University as a Source of Innovation in the Production of Medicines
Authors: Sokolova E. V. , Guryanov P. S. , Salnikova A. G. , Malkova T. L.
Published: December 2023

Introduction. The creation of new medicines and their introduction into production depends, in particular, on the organization of scientific research in pharmaceutical universities. The ability to fully utilize all the material, financial and human resources available to a university determines the possibility of effectively generating pharmaceutical innovations. This, in turn, is possible if there are methods of scientific analysis of the process of scientific activity of a university.

Aim. Creation of methods for scientific analysis of the process of scientific activity of a university, allowing, on the basis of regularly collected information about the scientific activity of departments, to identify areas for improving the organization of scientific research.

Materials and methods. The study used logical, analytical-synthetic research methods, modeling, and the method of expert assessments. The scientific reports of the Perm State Pharmaceutical Academy (PSFA) departments for 2019 were studied.

Results and discussion. A model of the functioning of the scientific activities of a university has been developed using the example of PSFA, reflecting the degree of interaction of individual departments with each other. Original methods for assessing the effectiveness of individual departments were developed based on the ratio of material, financial, and human resources invested in the work of the departments, and the scientific and practical output obtained as a result of scientific activities.

Conclusion. The created model for organizing the scientific activities of the university made it possible to identify departments as “generators” and “successors of scientific research”, as well as the phenomenon of imbalance or lack of interaction between departments. Original methods for assessing human resources and scientific output of the department have been created. To evaluate the work of the department, a rule was formulated for the balance between the resources invested in the work of the department and the scientific result obtained, as well as the balance between the scientific output itself, expressed in scientific publications, and the practical output, expressed in received patents, grants and implementation acts.
Analysis and Evaluation of Prospects for the Development of New Drugs Derived from Benzodiazepines
Authors: Porseva N. Yu. , Sobin F. V. , Soloninina A. V. , Pulina N. A. , Kurbatov E. R. , Dvorskaya O. N.
Published: December 2023

Introduction. The use of drugs derived from benzodiazepine for the treatment of various diseases continues to be relevant. Benzodiazepines are approved by most regulatory authorities around the world. Despite the large number of side effects and non-medical use, they are becoming more promising in emergency care for prolonged seizures and epileptic status.

Aim. To analyze the existing medicines on the market of the Russian Federation based on benzodiazepine derivatives and assess the prospects for development in this direction.

Materials and methods. The study was conducted on the basis of regulatory legal acts in the field of healthcare and the circulation of medicines, publications of Russian and foreign authors, the results of scientific research using situational, comparative, structural-logical and content analysis methods. The information base of the study was the online database "State Register of Medicines" (grls.minzdrav.gov.ru), databases of peer-reviewed publications: PubMed and Scopus.

Results and discussion. Data were obtained on the range of medicines derived from benzodiazepines according to the following indicators: international nonproprietary names, trade names, medicines, manufacturing countries and enterprises, dosage forms. The problem of "medicinal sovereignty" is discussed. Promising niches have been found for the development of innovative drugs derived from benzodiazepines.

Conclusion. It has been established that mainly domestic benzodiazepine-type drugs are represented on the Russian pharmaceutical market, while there is a certain shortage of pharmaceutical substances. In Russia, such dosage forms as films, transdermal plasters and preparations for the inhalation use of benzodiazepine derivatives are not registered. It is important to create innovative dosage forms capable of providing a fast, non-invasive and socially acceptable method of use and a high rate of adherence to treatment by patients.
Validation of Analytical Methods for Quality Control of Gel for Dentin Remineralization
Authors: Golovanenko A. L. , Berezina E. S. , Alekseeva I. V. , Oleshko O. A.
Published: December 2023

Introduction. As a result of a complex of scientific and experimental studies carried out at the Department of Pharmaceutical Technology of the State Pharmacy of Pharmaceuticals, a gel was developed for remineralization of dentin in order to carry out drug treatment of medium and deep caries. In the developed gel, along with the remineralizing effect, an antibacterial effect was achieved, which is necessary in the treatment of dentin caries due to the introduction of chlorhexidine bigluconate (CHB). The proposed composition simultaneously contains the main remineralizing ions – calcium, phosphate and fluoride in a free active state. Due to this, a significant increase in their penetration into the dentin is ensured. During the preparation of regulatory documentation for the gel for the treatment of dentine caries, validation of methods designed to control the quality of active substances was carried out.

Aim. Validation of methods for testing the authenticity and quantification of active substances in the gel for dentine remineralization.

Materials and methods. To achieve this goal, active pharmaceutical substances of pharmacopoeial quality are used. When developing test methods, pharmacopoeial and non-pharmacopoeial reactions to reacting cations and anions were used. For the quantitative determination of the chloride compound, the complexometric method, the back titration method is used, for potassium phosphate, the disubstituted acidimetric method, for sodium fluoride, the photoelectrocolorimetric method, for chlorhexidine bigluconate, the lauryl sulfate method. The objects of study were five serial samples of gels.

Results and discussion. As a result of the studies, methods of testing for authenticity were developed, it was found that the proposed methods are characterized by a negative analytical signal on model mixtures free of the analyte and placebo, and a positive analytical signal on model mixtures of various compositions containing the analyte. The validation characteristics of methods for the quantitative determination of active substances in the gel were studied, positive results were obtained, the proposed methods can be used for inclusion in the regulatory documentation for the developed gel.

Conclusion. When evaluating the validation characteristics of the proposed methods, it was found that the methods of testing for authenticity and quantitative determination of active substances in the gel are specific, the methods of quantitative determination are characterized by accuracy and repeatability, a linear dependence in the analytical region of ±20 % of the declared amount of active substances, which allows them to be used for reliable assessment of the quality of the developed gel.
Methods for the Determination of Aflatoxins and Ochratoxin A in Medicinal Plant Raw Materials (Review)
Authors: Ivanova U. V. , Gravel I. V.
Published: December 2023

Introduction. Aflatoxins and ochratoxin A are secondary metabolites of microscopic mold fungi. They seriously threaten human and animal health. These toxins are carcinogenic, teratogenic, hepatotoxic, nephrotoxic substances. International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has classified them as class IA and IIB carcinogens. The maximum permissible concentrations of aflatoxins and ochratoxin A in the Russian Federation are currently regulated only in food products according to the Technical Regulation of the Customs Union 021 "On Food Safety". The content of aflatoxins and ochratoxin A in medicinal plant raw materials is not regulated in any way. Harmful environmental and biological conditions such as temperature, humidity, air quality, insects and others during post-harvest handling can lead to contamination of medicinal raw materials with aflatoxins and ochratoxin A. Therefore, the detection of these toxins is one of the problems of raw materials quality control.

Text. The present review summarizes the following methods of sample purification, used at the sample preparation stage: solid-phase extraction, immunoaffin column and QuEChERS. This review also summarizes the following modern analysis methods for the identification of aflatoxin and ochratoxin A in medicinal plant raw materials: thin-layer chromatography, liquid chromatography, gas chromatography and screening methods.

Conclusion. The QuEChERS method has been identified as the most popular method for preparing samples for analysis. It is based on solid phase extraction technology. This method combines the variability of approaches to sample purification and allows people to study a wider range of toxins. The high-performance liquid chromatography method has been identified as the most popular method for qualitative and quantitative analysis. It has high selectivity, multicomponent analysis and low detection limits.
Road Lighting Standards’ Evolution and Future Development of Smart Street Lighting Based upon Users’ Performance in View of Human Centric Lighting: A Review
Authors: Chakraborty Suddhasatwa
Published: December 2023

This paper reviews the literature on the development of different road lighting standards or guidelines, their effectiveness as determined by motorists’ and pedestrians’ opinions in relation to human centric lighting, and another novel method to assess the impact of different lighting conditions on users’ performance using EEG and cultivating the signals from EEG. Human centric lighting, in its simplest form, is a user-dependent method, since it improves lighting sources or designs based on the findings of analyses of the visual and non-visual effects of lighting upon user performances. Human centric lighting can help users since it considers factors that can improve their mood, productivity, health, etc. By incorporating an automated smart, human centric street lighting system, this article seeks to define the fundamentals of the smart street lighting standard for Indian context. This will help save a significant amount of energy. Additionally, this paper describes a few findings and experiments that were done to determine how variations in CCTs of main and peripheral sources and flickering peripheral sources affected user reaction time and visibility level of the seen for object detection, for quantification of the parameters related to human centric lighting. It is seen in the experiments done in Jadavpur University laboratory that for high CCT values, reaction time for object detection of human observers increases, and it is also seen that flickering of light sources increases reaction time, but it does not profoundly affect the decrement of reaction time for object detection with increment of CCT value of main source.
Active Area Temperature Measurement of Medium-Power LEDs by Dynamics Changes in Forward Voltage during Current Heating and Cooling
Authors: Manyakhin Feodor I. , Varlamov Dmitry O. , Skvortsov Arkady A. , Mokretsova Ludmila О. , Nikolaev Vladimir K.
Published: December 2023

The most common non-destructive methods of measuring the temperature of the active area of light emitting diodes (LEDs) are briefly analysed and their disadvantages are pointed out. Measurements of the temperature of the active area of medium-power LEDs by the dynamics of change in the direct voltage during heating by currents of different densities and in the process of cooling in the mode of flow of small, so-called measuring current, which not cause heating of LEDs, are presented. An electrical scheme realising the used method is given. The results of measurements show that the thermal resistance of LED, determined by the results of measuring the temperature of the active area by the proposed method, is greater than the reference value. The comparison of the results of temperature measurements using traditional methods of analysing the radiation spectra of LEDs and the temperature dependence of direct voltage is carried out.
Formation of a New Identity of Road Service Objects Using Lighting Design Techniques: Pre-Project Analysis
Authors: Smirnova (Meshkova) Tatiana V. , Zaeva-Burdonskaya Elena A.
Published: December 2023

The article examines the mechanisms of influence of techniques and principles of lighting design on the formation of the identity of road service objects in Russia. The analysis of the artistic and aesthetic potential of the lighting design in the formation of the artistic image of road infrastructure objects on the example of an old-style gas station is given. From the point of view of the functional approach, the structure of the multifunctional road service zone has been developed, within the framework of the environmental approach, the features of the infrastructure of the multifunctional road service zone have been identified. Socio-cultural factors allowed to form the main scenarios of users on the gas station territory. They formed the basis of design models. The results of the analysis of the implemented and conceptual design developments of the multifunctional road service zone are presented: domestic and foreign experience. The pre-project study was carried out according to the methodology developed at the sub-department of Environmental Design of Stroganov Academy within the framework of the Master’s Degree Program “Environment Design”.
User Satisfactions on Visual Comfort and View Quality Based on Colours and Opacity of Glazing to Control Daylighting
Authors: Cogul Ilgin , Duran Hasan Engin , Kazanasmaz Tugce
Published: December 2023

Windows are both components that open to the outside and gates that bring the outside elements inside as well. The visible view through windows affects users’ perception of the indoor environment. Visual comfort is a key concern to create qualified interior spaces. Glazing type in naturally lit environments becomes very substantial for comfort. As glazing technologies develop, the options available for users have also increased. This study aims to find out how different glazing and view types impact user perception and satisfaction in the interior and to create design ideas for the spaces to be completed in the future. A room with various glazing transmittance (20 %, 50 %, and 90 %), colours (blue and yellow), and view types (street and landscape) are modelled virtually in Relux. A survey composed of these rendered scenes from these variations includes four questions. 40 people participated in the survey. Statistical analyses are made using Stata and EViews. Illuminance and luminance are calculated via Relux to discuss quantifiable values and subjective one together. According to the results, as transmittance increase, the rate of people finding the room pleasant and the quality of the view decrease, but a brighter environment shows up. When using tinted glazing, users mark the rooms as interesting, while pleasantness and view quality decrease. A landscape view instead of a street view in the rooms results is a more interesting, pleasant indoor environment, and higher view satisfaction.
Factors Influencing on Competitiveness of China’s Provincial Level Light and Engineering Industry
Authors: Xiong Hongjun
Published: December 2023

Establishing a competitiveness evaluation index system of lighting industry, quantitative evaluation of sustainable development performances of the industry, and scientific recognition of shortages against the industrial development have important strategic significance to guide local governments to adjust the industrial development strategies and realize the multi-dimensional goals of sound and sustainable development. In view of connotations of competitiveness of light and engineering industry, a competitiveness evaluation index system of this type industry is established in this study based on the overall goal of the new high-quality development layout. The dimensions of this system cover industrial input capacity, industrial output capacity, industrial technological innovation capability, and policy environmental capacity. Based on data in 2022, the provincial competitiveness level of light and engineering industry in China was evaluated by TOPSIS method and entropy method. Regional heterogeneity, constraints, and spatial characteristics of competitiveness of lighting industry in China were disclosed. Results demonstrate that:
– Generally speaking, the sustainable development level of lighting industry in China is increasing gradually; there are relatively high competitiveness level of lighting industry in Guangdong, Zhejiang, and Jiangxi;
– The industrial input capacities and the industrial output capacities have significant contributions to competitiveness of lighting industry in China, while industrial technological innovation capability and policy environmental capacity have less contributions;
– Competitiveness levels of lighting industry are different in different provinces, showing a pattern of high level in Southeast China and low level in Northwest China, besides constraints against competitiveness of lighting industry also vary significantly among provinces, especially in improving output efficiency;
– The competitiveness of lighting industry is weak in key development field, restricted development field, potential growth field and appropriate development field.
Thus, improving product quality and safety level, promoting resource saving and strengthening production control ability are common directions for provinces to improve competitiveness of lighting industry. Therefore, this study believes that competitiveness level of lighting industry in China under the new high-quality development layout is required to combine with shortages of regional development, focus on establishment of the lighting industrial system, and solve problems like technological innovation and backward production facilities firstly. Moreover, improving product quality and optimizing resource utilization are breakthroughs to realize sustainable development of the national light and engineering industry.
Comprehensive Evaluation Model of Display Brightness in Public Space of Urban Community
Authors: Yu Jia , Bi Mingyan
Published: December 2023

With the development of urbanization, the display in urban public environment appears more and more in our life. They not only provide us with convenient means of information exchange, but also provide convenience for merchants and governments to release information and promote their brands. However, at the same time, the display screen also brings certain negative effects such as light pollution and environmental pollution, which makes the community public space deteriorates accordingly. To solve this problem, this study aims to comprehensively and accurately evaluate the brightness of display screens in public spaces of urban communities by constructing an evaluation model and comprehensively considering the influences of light environment, equipment spatial layout, observation height and other factors on display screen brightness. This model is built on the basis of ANP method, and the evaluation system is formed by obtaining expert scores through questionnaire survey, in which the index weight of absolute brightness of the display screen is significantly higher. Based on this evaluation mechanism and evaluation method, this paper is able to evaluate the comprehensive evaluation of display brightness in 26 community public spaces in Beijing, form the evaluation results, and compare them with the visual comfort of residents, tourists, and other respondents collected by questionnaires, so as to verify the effectiveness of the model analysis. The results show that the prediction efficiency of the evaluation model used in this paper reaches a high level, and has the advantages of simple, feasible, accurate and reliable, which provides a certain reference for the improvement of urban public services.
Tolvaptan: a possible preemptive treatment option in children with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease?
Authors: Beak Hee Sun , Cho Min Hyun
Published: December 2023

Tolvaptan is a highly selective vasopressin receptor 2 antagonist that regulates cyclic adenosine monophosphate levels to inhibit both epithelial cell proliferation and chloride ion excretion, two mechanisms known to induce cyst expansion in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). Tolvaptan is currently the preferred treatment of rapidly progressive disease ADPKD in adult patients; however, since cyst formation in ADPKD begins early in life, (frequently in utero), and significant disease progression with cyst expansion occurs in the first decade, tolvaptan may be advantageous as a preemptive treatment in children with ADPKD. Tolvaptan has already been used to successfully treat refractory edema or hyponatremia in children; this literature review provides insight into the biochemical basis of its action to contextualize its use in the pediatric population.
The Qualitative Analysis of Some Difference Equations Using Homogeneous Functions
Authors: GÜMÜŞ Mehmet , EĞİLMEZ Şeyma Irmak
Published: December 2023

This article deals with the qualitative analysis of a general class of difference equations. That is, we examine the periodicity nature and the stability character of some non-linear second-order difference equations. Homogeneous functions are used while examining the character of the solutions of introduced difference equations. Moreover, a new technique available in the literature is used to examine the periodic solutions of these equations.
A Case of Labyrinthitis Occuring in Undiagnosed Congenital Nystagmus
Authors: Ahn Hyeon Woo , Lee Seokhwan
Published: December 2023

If direction-changing gaze-evoked nystagmus accompanies sudden hearing loss, central lesions should be considered as the cause. A 33-year-old female presented at our hospital with sudden hearing loss and dizziness. A series of vestibular function tests confirmed a visual fixation disorder with central causes; however, no specific findings were found on brain MRI. Subsequent smooth pursuit and optokinetic nystagmus tests confirmed bidirectional saccadic pursuit and reversed optokinetic nystagmus, suggesting congenital nystagmus. A history of abnormal eye tremors was rechecked, and labyrinthitis occurring in undiagnosed congenital nystagmus was diagnosed. The diagnosis can be challenging when vestibulocochlear disease occurs in patients with undiagnosed congenital nystagmus. In the absence of specific findings on MRI, vestibular function tests, including the optokinetic nystagmus and smooth pursuit tests, should be conducted. In particular, it is crucial to investigate the history of abnormal eye tremors.
Association Study of CACNA1E Gene Polymorphisms and Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss
Authors: Park Jun Wan , Park Jae Seok , Nam Sung Il
Published: December 2023

Background and Objectives The present study aimed to investigate whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in calcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha1E (CACNA1E) are associated with sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL).Subjects and Method Eighty-one Korean SSNHL patients and 455 healthy subjects were selected from a single tertiary hospital. Human genomic DNA extracted from the peripheral blood samples and five exon regions of SNPs in CACNA1E were genotyped by direct sequencing.Results In rs357737760, the A/T genotype was present with significantly higher frequency among the SSNHL patients than the T/T (p=0.0003) genotype. In rs34488539, the C/T genotype was present with significantly higher frequency among SSNHL patients than the C/C genotype (p=0.0003). In rs4652678, the C/T genotype was present with significantly higher frequency among the SSNHL patients than the T/T genotype (codominant model, p=0.0079) (dominant model, p=0.0027) (overdominant model, p=0.0021). In rs199930, the C/T genotype was present with significantly higher frequency among the SSNHL patients than the C/C genotype (codominant model, p=0.0081) (dominant model, p=0.0028) (overdominant model, p=0.0022). In rs704326, the A/A genotype was present with significantly lower frequency among the SSNHL patients than the G/G genotype (codominant model, p=0.0003) (recessive model, p=0.0001).Conclusion We found rs35737760, rs344488539, rs4652678 and rs199930 SNPs of CACNA1E to be highly associated with SSNHL. Only rs704326 SNP of CACNA1E is found with low association with SSNHL.
A Case of Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma in Middle Ear Cavity
Authors: Song Yong Jae , Ha Jungho , Yeou Se Hyun , Jang Jeong Hun
Published: December 2023

Diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL), being one of the major subtypes of non-Hodgikin’s lymphoma, is marked by extranodal involvement. In patients with DLBCL, the stomach and gastrointestinal tract are commonly involved, but few cases have reported the involvement with the middle ear cavity and temporal bone. The present study reports a patient diagnosed with DLBCL characterized by middle ear cavity involvement. We also reviewed other similar cases in the literature.
Trends in the Number of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patients, Polysomnography Prescriptions, and Soft Palate Surgery After Insurance Coverage on Polysomnography and Positive Airway Pressure
Authors: Kim Jiah , Kim Jin Kook , Cho Jae Hoon
Published: December 2023

Background and Objectives Since polysomnography and positive airway pressure were covered by insurance in 2018, there have been many changes in the number of patients diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), prescriptions issued for polysomnography, soft palate surgery performed and medical cost. However, there has been no clear analysis regarding such changes.Subjects and Method Data on the number of patients, medical cost, polysomnography prescriptions, and soft palate surgery performed from 2010 to 2022 were extracted from the Healthcare Bigdata Hub and analyzed for trends. In addition, the type of medical institutions, gender and age of patients were also analyzed.Results From 2010 to 2017, the number of patients with OSA increased moderately, but in 2019, it surged to 64970. Prior to 2018, more patients received treatment from general hospitals than at private clinics, but after 2018, more patients received treatment from private clinics rather than from general hospitals. Male patients were about four times more likely than female patients to receive treatment. Male patients were mostly aged 30-59 years, whereas female patients were more than 50 years old. In 2019, 64970 patients underwent polysomnography. Soft palate surgery was most frequently performed in 2014, and the number of surgeries decreased after that until 2018 when it increased again. The total medical cost of patients with OSA was 8.6 billion won in 2017, but it soared to 20.2 billion won in 2018 and 55 billion won in 2019.Conclusion After insurance coverage was introduced for polysomnography and positive airway pressure in 2018, the number of patients with OSA and polysomnography, and medical cost have increased rapidly. Also, the center of treatment for OSA is shifting from general hospitals to private clinics.
A Case of Adenocarcinoma of the External Nose
Authors: Jung Boseung , Kim Jae-Hui , Jeong Ji Yun , Heo Sung Jae
Published: December 2023

Adenocarcinoma occurs very rarely in the paranasal sinuses; moreover, adenocarcinoma diagnosed in the external nose is rarely reported. A 58-year-old male patient visited our hospital with an enlarged right nasal mass. On image studies, a 1.5 cm sized mass was found on the right nasolabial fold, which was surgically removed via sublabial approach. Intraoperative frozen section examination showed inflammatory tissue without tumor cells. However, adenocarcinoma showing infiltration between the skeletal muscle layers was diagnosed on the final histopathologic examination after surgery. In the immunohistochemical staining test, CK7 positive, CK20 negative, and GCDFP-15 positive were confirmed, so metastasis of adenocarcinoma was considered first rather than primary cancer of the nasolabial fold. There was no recurrence and no tumor development in other sites after postoperative chemoradiation therapy of 32 months.
Investigation of Acute Effects of Thoracic Manipulation on Trunk Flexion and Balance in Athletes
Authors: Sarıalioğlu Nihat , Türkeri Rıdvan
Published: December 2023

The aim of this study is to examine the acute effects of thoracic manipulation on trunk flexion and balance characteristics in athletes. 60 male team athletes with a mean age of 22.60±0.32 years participated in the study voluntarily. Trunk flexion values and balance levels of all participants were determined before manipulation. After the measurements, the participants were randomly divided into two groups as the thoracic manipulation group (TMG) and the placebo manipulation group (PMG). Then, as a single session, thoracic manipulation was applied to the TMG group and placebo thoracic manipulation was applied to the PMG group. The trunk flexions and balance levels of each participant were remeasured after the application, and the differences before and after the application were examined. Since the data analyzed via SPSS 25.0 package program showed normal distribution, paired-t test was used to evaluate the pre-application and post-application results. The results were analyzed at the p<0.05 significance level. In the results of the study, it was determined that there was a significant improvement in the standard deviation of forward and backward sway (FBSD), medial-lateral sway (MLSD) and used perimeter (P) parameters in post-application static balance. A significant improvement in the mean balance error monitoring (ATE) parameter in the post-application dynamic balance was also determined. An increase in trunk flexion values was observed in the TMG group after the application. As a result, it is concluded that high-velocity, low-amplitude (HVLA) thoracic manipulation application provides instant positive contributions to trunk mobility and balance feature in athletes.
Yaşlı Bireylerin Fiziksel Aktivite Engellerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: Yürekli Gülseren , Savas Behsat , Çelik Kayapınar Fatma
Published: December 2023

Araştırmada, yaşlı bireylerin fiziksel aktivite engellerini tespit etmek ve elde edilen verilerin cinsiyet, kronik hastalığa sahip olma durumu ve beden kütle indeksi (BKİ) ile ilişkisini incelemek amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmanın evrenini, İzmir’de yaşayan 65 yaş ve üzerindeki bireyler, örneklemini ise bu bireylerden çalışmaya katılmak için gönüllü olan yaş ortalamaları 70,75±6,15 olan, 221 kadın, 294 erkek olmak üzere toplam 515 katılımcı oluşturmaktadır. Yaşlı bireylerin, fiziksel aktivite engelleri, Fiziksel Aktivite Engelleri Ölçeği ile belirlenmiştir. Veriler SPSS 26.00 programı ile analiz edilmiştir. Tüm testler için anlamlılık düzeyi (p<.05) olarak alınmış ve anlamlı çıkan sonuçların etki büyüklükleri eta kare (η2) ile değerlendirilmiştir. Verilerin analizinde, cinsiyet ve kronik hastalığa sahip olma durumu değişkenleriyle ölçek alt boyutlarının toplam puanı arasındaki farkı tespit etmek için MANOVA, katılımcıların boy uzunluğu ve vücut ağırlığı değerleriyle hesaplanan BKİ ile ölçek alt boyutlarının toplam puanı arasındaki ilişkiyi değerlendirmek için partial (kısmi) korelasyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Analizler sonucunda cinsiyet değişkeni ile ölçeğin alt boyutlarının toplam puanı arasındaki fark incelendiğinde, kişisel ve fiziksel çevre engelleri alt boyutlarında kadınların lehine, kronik hastalığa sahip olma değişkeni incelendiğinde, tüm alt boyutlarda kronik hastalığa sahip olan katılımcıların lehine anlamlı farklar bulunmuştur. BKİ ve fiziksel aktivite engelleri arasında anlamlı ilişki bulunmamıştır. Sonuç olarak, kadın ve kronik hastalığa sahip olan yaşlıların fiziksel aktivite engellerinin daha fazla olduğu ortaya koyulmuştur ve özellikle bu gruplarda yer alan yaşlı bireylerde fiziksel aktivite engellerini azaltmaya yönelik müdahalelerin yapılmasının faydalı olacağı düşünülmektedir.
Spor Örgütü Çalışanlarında Spiritüel Liderlik ve Örgütsel Tükenmişlik İlişkisi
Authors: Turhan Zeynep , Çoknaz Dilşad
Published: December 2023

Çalışmanın amacı kamu sektöründeki spor örgütlerinde çalışanların spiritüel liderlik davranışları ile örgütsel tükenmişlikleri arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemektir. Çalışmada kolayda örneklem yöntemi ile seçilen Gençlik ve Spor İl Müdürlükleri’nde görevli 295 spor eğitim uzmanı ve sportif eğitim uzmanı yer almıştır. Çalışmada orijinali Fry’a (2003) ait Türkçe’ye uyarlaması Gündüz (2014) tarafından yapılan “Ruhsal Liderlik Ölçeği”, Pines ve Aranson (1988) tarafından geliştirilen ve Çapri (2013) tarafından Tükçe’ye uyarlanan “Tükenmişlik Ölçeği Kısa Formu” ve demografik bilgi formu kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde frekans, yüzde ve aritmetik ortalama, korelasyon ve basit doğrusal regresyon analizlerinden yararlanılmıştır. Yapılan araştırmada elde edilen bulgular spor örgütü çalışanlarının spiritüel liderlik davranışları ile örgütsel tükenmişlikleri arasında negatif yönde ve orta düzeyde ilişki olduğunu göstermiştir. Spiritüel liderliğin alt boyutları olan özgecil sevgi, çağrı, üyelik, vizyon ve umut alt boyutları bağlamında negatif yönlü anlamlı bir ilişki vardır. Spiritüel liderliğin örgütsel tükenmişliği % 26 yordadığı tespit edilmiştir. Örgütlerde bu tarz liderlik anlayışının hâkim olması örgütlerin en önemli kaynağı olan insan faktörü ve ilişkiler, kurum içi iletişim, refah, memnuniyet ve dolayısı ile performans açısından yararlı olacaktır.
PENGEMBANGAN KEWIRAUSAHAAN PENINGKATAN PRODUKTIVITAS USAHA JAGUNG MARNING
Authors: Mardoni Yosi , Febrianti Rini , Retnaningsih Tri Kurniawati , Susila Arief Rahman , Priyambodo Aldo Gilang
Published: December 2023

Makanan tradisional menjadi sebuah daya tarik untuk menopang ekonomi lokal. Makanan tradisional juga bisa menjadi salah satu daya tarik dalam memajukan wisata lokal, sebagai branding makanan khas daerah. Namun pengelolaan makanan tradisional yang belum dikelola dengan baik tentu tidak akan memberikan hasil yang maksimal. Salah satu makanan tradisional yang cukup diminati adalah jagung marning. Pengelolaan makanan tradisional jagung marning yang ada saat ini masih berjalan secara tradisional. Permasalahan yang terjadi adalah skala produksi yang kecil dan pemasaran yang kurang baik, sehingga makanan tradisional kurang berdampak dalam menopang ekonomi lokal. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut dilakukan pendampingan terhadap mitra untuk meningkatkan kapasitas produksi dan pembuatan jaringan pemasaran produk. Setelah dilakukan pendampingan terjadi peningkatan kapasitas produksi, dan produk jagung marning memiliki kemasan yang menarik untuk dapat di distribusikan.