bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Digital Sources for Nineteenth Century Music in Argentina: A Case of ‘Magical Realism’
Authors: Pedrotti Clarisa , Wolkowicz Vera
Published: February 2025

Musical sources from the nineteenth century in Argentina are very scarce. The first challenge, therefore, is to locate these materials across multiple repositories. In the last 15 years, certain state policies have been introduced to unify access to information in digital and non-digital archives. However, the country's economic instability, successive changes of government and the discontinuity of public policies in reference to cultural and educational programmes continue to impede a consistent systematization of collections and catalogues of these repositories. Additionally, it is also necessary to consult other repositories – both public collections, managed by provinces rather than the national government, and private ones that may offer online resources such as catalogues, transcriptions or digitized materials. Much of the musical production in the first half of the nineteenth century occurred within religious contexts, which means that a large part of these sources is located in ecclesiastical repositories that are very difficult to access. Many lack websites, the extent of their holdings remains unknown, and in cases where catalogues do exist, they are often not digitized.
Spatio‐Seasonal Risk Assessment of Upward Lightning at Tall Objects Using Meteorological Reanalysis Data
Authors: Stucke Isabell , Morgenstern Deborah , Diendorfer Gerhard , Mayr Georg J. , Pichler Hannes , Schulz Wolfgang , Simon Thorsten , Zeileis Achim
Published: February 2025

This study investigates lightning at tall objects and evaluates the risk of upward lightning (UL) over the eastern Alps and its surrounding areas. While uncommon, UL poses a threat, especially to wind turbines, as the long‐duration current of UL can cause significant damage. Current risk assessment methods overlook the impact of meteorological conditions, potentially underestimating UL risks. Therefore, this study employs random forests, a machine learning technique, to analyze the relationship between UL measured at Gaisberg Tower (Austria) and 35 larger‐scale meteorological variables. Of these, the larger‐scale upward velocity, wind speed and direction at 10 m and cloud physics variables contribute most information. The random forests predict the risk of UL across the study area at a 1 resolution. Strong near‐surface winds combined with upward deflection by elevated terrain increase UL risk. The diurnal cycle of the UL risk as well as high‐risk areas shift seasonally. They are concentrated north/northeast of the Alps in winter due to prevailing northerly winds, and expanding southward, impacting northern Italy in the transitional and summer months. The model performs best in winter, with the highest predicted UL risk coinciding with observed peaks in measured lightning at tall objects. The highest concentration is north of the Alps, where most wind turbines are located, leading to an increase in overall lightning activity. Comprehensive meteorological information is essential for UL risk assessment, as lightning densities are a poor indicator of lightning at tall objects.
Exploring Machine Learning's Potential for Estimating High Resolution Daily Snow Depth in Western Himalaya Using Passive Microwave Remote Sensing Data Sets
Authors: Tanniru Srinivasarao , Singh Dhiraj Kumar , Singh Kamal Kant , Ramsankaran Raaj
Published: February 2025

Snow depth (SD) exhibits high spatiotemporal heterogeneity in Western Himalaya (WH), and its knowledge is essential for applications related to water resources, disaster management, climate, etc. However, due to inclement weather and rugged topographical conditions, only a sparse network of SD monitoring stations exists in WH. Spaceborne passive microwave (PMW) remote sensing data sets provides valuable information about SD; however, only a limited PMW SD studies that cover subregions of WH are available. Different machine learning (ML) methods viz. support vector machine, random forest, and Extremely Randomized Trees (ERT) were tested for estimating SD. Based on our preliminary assessment of these ML approaches, the current study utilizes ERT approach to estimate daily SD over the entire WH region. The ERT SD model is developed using PMW brightness temperature data sets from Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer‐2 (AMSR‐2), snow cover duration (SCD), and other auxiliary parameters (i.e., location, elevation, vegetation cover, etc.) during the winter period between 2012–2013 and 2019–2020. The data between 2012–2013 and 2017–2018 is used for training the model, whereas the data between 2018–2019 and 2019–2020 is used for testing the model. The results demonstrate: (a) The ERT SD model has shown improved SD estimates compared to the available PMW remote sensing‐based operational SD products and empirical PMW SD models. (b) In general, with an increase in SD, the mean absolute error of SD retrievals has increased in all SD products/models. (c) Unlike the operational AMSR2 SD product, and Northern Hemisphere Machine Learning SD product, the ERT SD model retrievals have shown better consistency with MODIS snow cover. (d) The developed model has shown a wider range in SD retrievals as compared to other products considered in this study.
Propagation of EMIC Waves From Shabansky Orbits in the Dayside Magnetosphere
Authors: Kim Eun‐Hwa , Shiraiwa Syun'ichi , Johnson Jay R. , Bertelli Nicola , Vines Sarah K. , Kim Khan‐Hyuk , Engebretson Mark , Kim Hyomin , O'ffill Carson
Published: February 2025

We explore the characteristics of EMIC waves generated in a non‐dipole, compressed magnetic field at the minimum of the magnetic field. We conducted 2D full‐wave simulations using the Petra‐M code, focusing on a compressed magnetic field in the outer dayside magnetosphere for a range of L values . By comparing the simulation results with MMS observations, we aim to understand how the observed wave characteristics are affected by a shifting source region across different L‐shells. Our findings indicate that the direction of the Poynting vector systematically changes depending on the local source location of the wave, which is consistent with the observations. EMIC waves propagate along the magnetic field line and reach both the northern and southern hemispheres; however, there is a notable difference in the power of EMIC waves between the two hemispheres, indicating seasonal asymmetries in their occurrence.
Climate Variability in the Gulf of California Over the Last 1,300 years
Authors: Harris Kira D. , Tierney Jessica E. , Muñoz Samuel E. , Anchukaitis Kevin J.
Published: February 2025

The North American Monsoon influences the ecosystems and hydroclimate of the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico. This is a geographically complex region, including the narrow Gulf of California adjacent to the Sierra Madre Occidental. Alongside this complexity, unreliable gridded data products, a lack of long instrumental observations, and limited high‐resolution paleoclimate records from the core monsoon region prevent a complete understanding of the variability and drivers of this system on time scales from decades to millennia. Here we generate new proxy records of warm‐season sea‐surface temperature (SST, based on alkenone ) and terrestrial hydroclimate (based on plant wax hydrogen isotopes) from Gulf of California (GoC) sediment cores spanning 744 to 1980 CE. Although the GoC is an important source of monsoon moisture, we find no one‐to‐one correlation between SST and our hydroclimate reconstruction over the full time period. Spectral analyses revealed a prominent multicentennial oscillation in the SST reconstruction, as well as multidecadal modes in both records. There is a small cooling trend over the full SST reconstruction, but no clearly delineated Medieval Climate Anomaly or Little Ice Age. Colder periods in our SST reconstruction appear to be associated with periods of increased volcanism, but there is no definitive solar signal. Multidecadal climate variability in this region is likely linked to broader patterns of unforced variability in the Pacific Ocean‐atmosphere system, but any coupling between monsoon strength and Gulf of California SST over the Common Era appears to be complex.
A Quintessential Strike‐Slip Contractional Duplex: Deciphering the Geometric Kinematics of the Elashan Fault, NE Margin of Tibetan Plateau, China
Authors: Liu Jinrui , Ren Zhikun , Min Wei , Li Zhimin , Zhang Zhiliang , Zhang Chi , Wu Dengyun , Zhu Xiaoxiao
Published: February 2025

High‐resolution three‐dimensional (3D) data is pivotal for capturing the intricacies of fault geometry and the subtleties of offset geomorphic markers, providing essential constraints for delineating the spatial characteristics of active faults. By integrating various techniques, we can harness the full spectrum of advantages they offer in acquiring high‐resolution topographic information, thereby enhancing our ability to discern and interpret the complex architecture of fault systems. The geometric structure, and segmentation characteristics of the Elashan fault, located between the Haiyuan and Eastern Kunlun faults, are not yet fully understood, which impeded our comprehensive understanding of the plateau's expansion and deformation process. We use high‐resolution, multi‐scale topographic data to decipher the geometric kinematics of the Elashan fault. We conclude that diverse contractional structures, such as leading and trailing contractional imbricate fans, a contractional duplex, and a dextral left‐stepping restraining bend develop along different segments of the Elashan fault. The geometric and kinematic model of the Elashan fault aligns with that of a typical strike‐slip contractional duplex, accommodating the differences in north‐south crustal shortening on the northeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau, thus forming a diverse array of strike‐slip compressional tectonic deformation features. We also re‐estimated the slip rate of the Elashan fault in the Xianquan segment to be 2.3–2.9 mm/yr, higher than the result of 1.1 ± 0.3 mm/yr by Yuan et al. (2011), (https://doi.org/10.1130/b30315.1). The significant slip rate on the dextral strike‐slip fault, coupled with the nearly EW‐trending thrust faults, implies substantial interaction within the Haiyuan‐Kunlun “block.”
Acyl-CoA thioesterase 8 induces gemcitabine resistance via regulation of lipid metabolism and antiferroptotic activity in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Li Bo-rui , Wang Ting , Hu Hai-feng , Wu Di , Zhou Chen-jie , Ji Shun-rong , Zhuo Qi-feng , Li Zheng , Wang Zhi-liang , Fan Gui-xiong , Jing De-sheng , Yu Chong-yuan , Qin Yi , Chen Xue-min , Xu Jun-feng , Xu Xiao-wu
Published: February 2025

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) comprises a group of highly malignant tumors of the pancreas. Metabolic reprogramming in tumors plays a pivotal role in promoting cancer progression. However, little is known about the metabolic alterations in tumors that drive cancer drug resistance in patients with PDAC. Here, we identified acyl-CoA thioesterase 8 (ACOT8) as a key player in driving PDAC gemcitabine (GEM) resistance. The expression of ACOT8 is significantly upregulated in GEM-resistant PDAC tissues and is closely associated with poor survival in patients with PDAC. Gain- and loss-of-function studies have shown that ACOT8 drives PDAC GEM resistance both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, ACOT8 regulates cellular cholesterol ester (CE) levels, decreases the levels of phosphatidylethanolamines (PEs) that bind to polyunsaturated fatty acids and promote peroxisome activation. The knockdown of ACOT8 promotes ferroptosis and increases the chemosensitivity of tumors to GEM by inducing ferroptosis-associated pathway activation in PDAC cell lines. The combination of orlistat, an ACOT8 inhibitor, and GEM significantly inhibited tumor growth in PDAC organoid and mouse models. This study reveals the biological importance of ACOT8 and provides a potential combination therapy for treating patients with advanced GEM-resistant PDAC.
Vulnerability of benthic trait diversity across the Mediterranean Sea following mass mortality events
Authors: Carlot J. , Galobart C. , Gómez-Gras D. , Santamaría J. , Golo R. , Sini M. , Cebrian E. , Gerovasileiou V. , Ponti M. , Turicchia E. , Comeau S. , Rilov G. , Tamburello L. , Pulido Mantas T. , Cerrano C. , Ledoux J. B. , Gattuso J.-P. , Ramirez-Calero S. , Millan L. , Montefalcone M. , Katsanevakis S. , Bensoussan N. , Garrabou J. , Teixidó N.
Published: February 2025

Unraveling the functional future of marine ecosystems amid global change poses a pressing challenge. This is particularly critical in the Mediterranean Sea, which is highly impacted by global and local drivers. Utilizing extensive mass mortality events (MMEs) datasets spanning from 1986 to 2020 across the Mediterranean Sea, we investigated the trait vulnerability of benthic species that suffered from MMEs induced by nine distinct mortality drivers. By analyzing changes in ten ecological traits across 389 benthic species—constituting an extensive compendium of Mediterranean ecological traits to date—we identified 228 functional entities (FEs), defined as groups of species sharing the same trait values. Our findings indicate that of these 55 FEs were impacted by MMEs, accentuating a heightened vulnerability within specific trait categories. Notably, more than half of the mortality records showed severe impacts on calcifying and larger species with slower growth which mostly account for tree-like and massive forms. Altogether, we highlight that 29 FEs suffered extreme mortality, leading to a maximum increase of 19.1% of the global trait volume vulnerability over 35 years. We also reveal that 10.8% of the trait volume may have been temporarily lost over the last five years, emphasizing the risk of a rapid ecological transformation in the Mediterranean Sea.
Pandemic monitoring with global aircraft-based wastewater surveillance networks
Authors: St-Onge Guillaume , Davis Jessica T. , Hébert-Dufresne Laurent , Allard Antoine , Urbinati Alessandra , Scarpino Samuel V. , Chinazzi Matteo , Vespignani Alessandro
Published: February 2025

Aircraft wastewater surveillance has been proposed as a new approach to monitor the global spread of pathogens. Here we develop a computational framework providing actionable information for the design and estimation of the effectiveness of global aircraft-based wastewater surveillance networks (WWSNs). We study respiratory diseases of varying transmission potential and find that networks of 10–20 strategically placed wastewater sentinel sites can provide timely situational awareness and function effectively as an early warning system. The model identifies potential blind spots and suggests optimization strategies to increase WWSN effectiveness while minimizing resource use. Our findings indicate that increasing the number of sentinel sites beyond a critical threshold does not proportionately improve WWSN capabilities, emphasizing the importance of resource optimization. We show, through retrospective analyses, that WWSNs can notably shorten detection time for emerging pathogens. The approach presented offers a realistic analytic framework for the analysis of WWSNs at airports.
Adaptive grid resilient based protection method for multi fault scenarios in medium voltage quintuple DC microgrid system
Authors: Fathima S. Faazila , Premalatha L.
Published: February 2025

Multi-microgrid systems offer a versatile solution to many of the challenges including issues on power glitches, grid flow optimization, stability and protection system malfunction faced by traditional centralized power grids. By enhancing resilience, integrating renewable energy, improving efficiency, and supporting economic and environmental goals, they represent a forward-looking approach to modern energy management. Despite of technological progress in fault current detection, significant challenges oriented to false tripping and protection blinding in multi- microgrid structures compared to single microgrid topology still remain unresolved. The primary aspects that require focus while multigrid resilience includes fast fault detection and interruption, nuisance tripping and blinding of protection. This paper enhances the fault isolation speed by proposing adaptive grid resilient scheme (AGRS) with fault identification method using level order tree traversal (LOTT) and Bidirectional Dial’s algorithm, which functions with the assistance of MGMFDS (Microgrid Monitoring Fault Detection System). The presented work analyses the implementation of the proposed adaptive algorithm and tested for various types of faults in a 35-bus quintuple system, where its efficacy in interrupting the fault takes 2.64 ms. The experiments for the proposed work are conducted using a real time simulator for model in loop (MIL) and control hardware in loop (CHIL) testing.
Observation of Kelvin–Helmholtz billows in the marine atmospheric boundary layer by a ship-borne Doppler wind lidar
Authors: Malekmohammadi Shokoufeh , Cheynet Etienne , Reuder Joachim
Published: February 2025

Kelvin–Helmholtz billows (KHB) and the associated turbulence characteristics in the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) are mainly investigated through simulations and limited observations. Traditional methods using in-situ wind sensors are constrained by mast height, resulting in a limited understanding of KHBs at higher altitudes. Lidar remote sensing provides a promising approach for studying KHBs at altitudes above 100 m. This study presents observations of KHBs in the marine ABL above 600 m, through ship-borne lidar observations. Two Doppler wind lidars, one scanning lidar, and one wind profiler, were installed for several months on a crew transfer vessel, operating in the Rødsand 2 wind farm off the coast of Denmark. On 2023-02-22, KHBs were detected between 600 and 800 m altitude over 10 min. The standard deviation of vertical turbulence was found to increase by a factor of two during KHB occurrence. The power spectral density of vertical fluctuations showed a greater increase in the frequency range below 0.1 Hz, with a peak indicating a periodic pattern with a period of 55 s. The kurtosis of the vertical component also showed a large increase near the edge of the billows, as documented in the scientific literature for billows occurring near the surface. The billows triggered a downward mixing of aerosols and momentum to around 550 m. Although no interaction between the wind farm and the KHBs was observed, we hypothesise that KHB may reduce wind farm wake losses in shallower stable layers above the farm by enhancing vertical mixing and downward momentum transport.
Somatostatin triggers local cAMP and Ca2+ signaling in primary cilia to modulate pancreatic β-cell function
Authors: Nilsson Ceren Incedal , Dumral Özge , Sanchez Gonzalo , Xie Beichen , Müller Andreas , Solimena Michele , Ren Huixia , Idevall-Hagren Olof
Published: February 2025

Somatostatin, released from δ-cells within pancreatic islets of Langerhans, is one of the most important negative regulators of islet hormone secretion. We find that islet δ-cells are positioned near, and release somatostatin onto, primary cilia of the other islet cell types, including insulin-secreting β-cells. Somatostatin activates ciliary somatostatin receptors, resulting in rapid lowering of the ciliary cAMP concentration which in turn promotes more sustained nuclear translocation of the cilia-dependent transcription factor GLI2 through a mechanism that operates in parallel with the canonical Hedgehog pathway and depends on ciliary Ca2+ signaling. We also find that primary cilia length is reduced in islets from human donors with type-2 diabetes, which is associated with a reduction in interactions between δ-cells and cilia. Our findings show that islet cell primary cilia constitute an important target of somatostatin action, which endows somatostatin with the ability to regulate islet cell function beyond acute suppression of hormone release.
Facile fabrication of anti-fouling polymeric membrane potentiometric ion sensors based on a biocide 4,5-dichloro-2-n-octyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one-containing self-adhesive waterborne polyurethane coating
Authors: Zhou Ying , Liang Rongning , Qin Wei
Published: February 2025

For the first time, a general and facile strategy for fabrication of polymeric membrane potentiometric ion sensors with excellent anti-fouling properties in terms of superior anti-microbial and anti-algal abilities is described.
Predicting the solid–liquid phase diagram of a ternary system with cocrystal formation
Authors: Nasrallah Sahar , Alhadid Ahmad , Minceva Mirjana
Published: February 2025

An approach utilizing thermodynamic modeling and high-throughput experiments to predict the solid–liquid phase diagram of a ternary system with cocrystal formation is presented.
Mobility of thiolates on Au(111) surfaces
Authors: Duijnstee Daniël R. , Tromp Moniek , Browne Wesley R. , Staykov Aleksandar
Published: February 2025

Exploring the early phases of monolayer formation reveals that the type of motif formed initially depends strongly on the availability of gold adatoms and defects (edges and holes) on the surface at the point of adsorption.
Solid state NMR and DFT studies of azo–hydrazone tautomerism in azo dyes and chitosan-dye films
Authors: Hillel Coral , Collins Sarah , Parihar Amanpreet , Mermut Ozzy , Barrett Christopher J. , Pietro William J. , Reven Linda
Published: February 2025

The hydrazone form of two azo food dyes, as revealed by NMR with DFT, predominates in solution and solid chitosan films, having important implications for development of these dye-polymer films into light-triggered recyclable bioplastics.
First-principle oligopeptide structural optimization with physical prior mean-driven Gaussian processes: a test of synergistic impacts of the kernel functional and coordinate system
Authors: Chang Yibo , Teng Chong , Bao Junwei Lucas
Published: February 2025

We systematically examined the efficiency of using physical prior mean-driven Gaussian processes as a molecular structure optimizer for oligopeptides as a function of kernel functionals and structural descriptors (coordinate systems).
Three-dimensional perchlorate-based alkali metal hybrid perovskite molecular ferroelastic crystals
Authors: Liu Yu-Si , Xu Zhe-Kun , Zhang Jia-Mei , Chen Xiao-Gang , Qin Yan , Wang Zhong-Xia
Published: February 2025

Dual-site substitution was applied to design three 3D perchlorate-based alkali metal perovskite molecular ferroelastic crystals.
Quinoa bran polyphenol extract attenuates high-fat diet induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in mice
Authors: Sun Minjun , Ma Haoyuan , Miao Ying , Zhang Meili
Published: February 2025

Quinoa bran is a by-product of quinoa processing and is rich in polyphenolic bioactives.
Surface modification of polylactic acid using a photo-activated chlorine dioxide process: surface properties and dissimilar adhesion
Authors: Asahara Haruyasu , Wu Weiting , Asoh Taka-Aki , Hsu Yu-I , Inoue Tsuyoshi , Uyama Hiroshi
Published: February 2025

In this study, we examined the modification of polylactic acid (PLA) plates and powders using a photo-activated chlorine dioxide (ClO2˙) treatment.
Water oxidation on a sustainable polymeric proton relay: the role of post-phosphating of an oxide sub-layer on PCET
Authors: Ahanjan Kimia , Shamsipur Mojtaba , Pashabadi Afshin
Published: February 2025

Proton transfer is greatly enhanced by combining the phosphate underlayer with the interfacial amine groups of the poly-lysine.
Research advances of acoustic particle manipulation techniques in field-assisted manufacturing
Authors: Wang Jiaqi , Shang Xiaopeng , Zhou Xinzhao , Chen Huawei
Published: February 2025

Acoustic particle manipulation and typical acoustic tweezers are explained. Preparation of microdroplets, microstructured functional surfaces and anisotropic composites via acoustic field-assisted manufacturing (FAM) and applications in biomedical fields are discussed, plus challenges and prospects.
Living cascade enyne metathesis polymerization of an allylic acetate monomer and post-polymerization modification via a Tsuji–Trost reaction
Authors: Luo Zhixiong , Tian Yuhuai , Xie Bixia , Fu Liangbing
Published: February 2025

A new approach for post-polymerization modification via a Tsuji–Trost reaction based on the living cascade enyne metathesis polymerization of an allylic acetate-containing monomer.
Synthesis and application of a bimetallic-MOFs with sulfonic acid tags in preparation of biologically active nicotinonitriles via cooperative vinylogous anomeric-based oxidation
Authors: Rasooll Milad Mohammadi , Ahmadi Hossein , Sepehrmansourie Hassan , Zolfigol Mohammad Ali , Ghytasranjbar Elaheh , Mohammadzadeh Abdolmajid
Published: February 2025

The catalytic application and antibacterial properties of MIL-88B(Fe2/Ni)/imidazole/SO3H as a bimetallic catalyst was investigated in the synthesis of new nicotinitriles with antibacterial properties.
Chemical degradation as an enabling pathway to polymersome functionalization
Authors: Lin Chenyu , Siddharth Kumar , Pérez-Mercader Juan
Published: February 2025

Factors like nature of the m-RAFT, oxygen, and temperature are crucial in chemical degradation, which functionalizes the polymersomes, allowing them to manifest Phoenix dynamics, whereby they exhibit growth-implosion cycles and population growth.
1,4-Dihydropyrrolo[3,2-b]pyrrole modified with dibenzoxazepine: a highly efficient core for charge-transfer-based OLED emitters
Authors: Górski Krzysztof , Shelton Steve , Lingagouder Jaijanarthanan , Data Przemyslaw , Jacquemin Denis , Gryko Daniel T.
Published: February 2025

Rigidified heterocycles encompassing two dibenzo[b,f]oxazepine scaffolds and a 1,4-dihydropyrrolo[3,2-b]pyrrole core show intense blue emission and low turn-on voltage (≈3.5 V) in OLED devices.
High-resolution 13C NMR indicate that change in dynamics of prolyproline II conformations induces collagen I fibrillogenesis
Authors: Kawashima Naomasa , De Sa Peixoto Paulo  Peres
Published: February 2025

Collagen I is a 300 nm-long, fibrous protein, which plays an important role in maintaining the structure of several tissues, such as the dermis, bone, enamel and cornea. In these...
Homochiral metal–organic framework membranes synthesized using a nonstochastic chiral bias for enhanced enantioselective separation
Authors: Li Boxun , Feng Yue , Zhou Dan , Yang Maochun , Li Dan , Zhang Shuai , Fu Jingru , Ben Teng
Published: February 2025

The synthesis of enantiopure homochiral metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) based on achiral materials is highly appealing. Due to their chiral properties and separation capabilities, homochiral MOF membranes have garnered significant attention.
Unleashing the antibacterial potential of ZIFs and their derivatives: mechanistic insights
Authors: Jain Geetika , Chaurasia Radhika , Kaur Bani Preet , Chowdhury Ontar Paul , Roy Hiranmay , Gupta Richa Rani , Biswas Bhaskar , Chakrabarti Sandip , Mukherjee Monalisa
Published: February 2025

Exploring the mechanisms underlying the antibacterial activity of Zeolitic Imidazolate Frameworks (ZIFs) and their derivatives.
Insights into the chemical and electrochemical behavior of halide and sulfide electrolytes in all-solid-state batteries
Authors: Tron Artur , Beutl Alexander , Mohammad Irshad , Paolella Andrea
Published: February 2025

Understanding the chemical and electrochemical behavior of halide and sulfide electrolytes offers a straightforward and effective approach to improving the interface of halide-based solid-state batteries.
3D dual-gradient lithiophilic AgNWs@ZnO modified separator for boosting stable lithium metal batteries
Authors: Gao Mengyu , Zhang Qi , Tian Yuan , Wang Cheng
Published: February 2025

A 3D dual-gradient lithiophilic AgNWs@ZnO network structure has been designed to modify a commercial polypropylene separator to guide uniform lithium deposition to achieve ultra-stable lithium metal anodes.
Is Knowing Words Enough? Assessing Vocabulary in Children Who Are Deaf or Hard of Hearing
Authors: Evans Leo , Lund Emily A. , Werfel Krystal L.
Published: February 2025

Purpose:

Vocabulary skills in children are typically measured with norm-referenced assessments of receptive and expressive vocabulary. Language sample analysis is an alternative method of examining vocabulary actually produced in communicative events and may be better suited to exposing subtle vocabulary weaknesses. Here, we examine the relationship between norm-referenced vocabulary testing and language sample analysis in preschool children, both children with typical hearing (CTH) and children who are deaf or hard of hearing (DHH).

Method:

Expressive and receptive vocabulary and spontaneous language samples were collected. Language samples were analyzed for complexity (mean length of utterance in words [MLUw]) and variability (number of different noun and verb types produced).

Results:

CTH had significantly higher scores on both expressive and receptive norm-referenced tests and produced sentences with greater syntactic complexity and semantic variability. Relationships between expressive test scores and MLUw were seen in both groups; the number of noun/verb types produced was related for children who are DHH only. Receptive vocabulary was not related to spontaneous spoken language for CTH. Receptive vocabulary was significantly related to MLUw and noun/verb types for children who are DHH. However, when the DHH group was subdivided into performance above and performance below the 50th percentile, relationships held only for the group with below-average performance.

Conclusions:

Results suggest that single-word vocabulary, norm-referenced measures indicating performance above the 50th percentile may not be sufficient to capture nuanced difficulties with vocabulary in children who are DHH. For children who are DHH, performance in the “range of normal” on a norm-referenced test may not capture ways in which their language performance differs from that of peers with typical hearing.
Hardware implementation of fast polar decoders based on a simplified control unit
Authors: Lee Useok , Sunwoo Myung Hoon
Published: February 2025

This paper proposes a simplified control unit for fast simplified successive cancellation (FSSC)‐based decoders. Specifically, this paper presents detailed hardware architectures for the simplified stage and operation decision modules based on the one‐hot encoding of control signals. In addition, the proposed simplified control unit is applied to an FSSC decoder and it is compared with state‐of‐the‐art polar decoders. The proposed control unit requires approximately 71% less normalized area than the existing finite‐state machine‐based control unit. Furthermore, the proposed FSSC decoder for the control unit improves the normalized area efficiency by up to 63% compared to conventional FSSC‐based decoders.
Regulation of parallel converters based AC microgrid considering non‐ideal grid conditions
Authors: Tiwari Kripa , Singh Bhim
Published: February 2025

This study proposes an alternating current microgrid that integrates renewable energy sources to enhance energy sustainability. In this system, wind and solar power are initially converted to DC using DC–DC converters; subsequently, they are integrated into a common AC bus through parallel voltage source converters. The goal is to provide uninterrupted power to local loads while addressing power quality issues and efficiently managing power flow within the system. The main contribution of this study is the development of a unified power flow strategy that ensures reliable power delivery by considering peak and off‐peak electricity pricing, as well as the battery state of charge for optimised grid and storage utilisation. Moreover, when the power electronics circuitry is integrated with renewable energy sources, the grid encounters power quality issues at the point of common coupling. Therefore, to mitigate power quality issues at the point of common coupling, particularly with power electronics integration, a frequency‐locked loop based on an amplitude integrator, coupled with a harmonic decoupling network, is used to extract the fundamental components of the grid voltage and reduce harmonic distortion. The proposed topology and control strategies are validated through laboratory testing using a hardware prototype, with the test results demonstrating their effectiveness.
GSA‐Net: Global Spatial Structure‐Aware Attention Network for Liver Segmentation in MR Images With Respiratory Artifacts
Authors: Jiang Jiahuan , Zhou Dongsheng , He Muzhen , Yue Xiaohan , Zhang Shu
Published: February 2025

Automatic liver segmentation is of great significance for computer‐aided treatment and surgery of liver diseases. However, respiratory motion often affects the liver, leading to image artifacts in liver magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and increasing segmentation difficulty. To overcome this issue, we propose a global spatial structure‐aware attention model (GSA‐Net), a robust segmentation network developed to overcome the difficulties caused by respiratory motion. The GSA‐Net is an encoder‐decoder architecture, which extracts spatial structure information from images and identifies different objects using the minimum spanning tree algorithm. The network's encoder extracts multi‐scale image features with the help of an effective and lightweight channel attention module. The decoder then transforms these features bottom‐up using tree filter modules. Combined with the boundary detection module, the segmentation performance can be further improved. We evaluate the effectiveness of our method on two liver MRI benchmarks: one with respiratory artifacts and the other without. Numerical evaluations on different benchmarks demonstrate that GSA‐Net consistently outperforms previous state‐of‐the‐art models in terms of segmentation precision on our respiratory artifact dataset, and also achieves notable results on high‐quality datasets.
Studies of the genetic resources of common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in Armenia
Authors: Kirakosyan G.V. , Melyan G.H. , Vardanyan V.A. , Sarikyan K.M.
Published: February 2025

The research was conducted at the experimental station of the Scientific Center of Vegetable and Technical Crops of RA from 2021 to 2023. Over 15 determinant and semi-determinant varieties belonging to the Phaseolus vulgaris species, including climbing, semi-climbing, and vegetable cultivars, were studied. Among them, eight samples (Contender, Blue Lake, Tendergreen, Dragon Tang, SP-1, FL-2, SM-3, and SH-5) exhibited the highest complex positive indicators. The local Masisi banjarayin variety served as the control. Most of the studied bean cultivars can serve as raw materials for creating new breeding varieties, enriching the existing genetic base, and promoting cultivation based on biological, phenological, and economic factors. Notably, the Contender and SM-3 cultivars stood out for their high yield of green beans, providing an 18.8–19.5% yield increase compared to the control variety.
The feeding efficiency of grain bran for the Hermetia illucens larvae
Authors: Ginatullina Elena , Tuychiyev Kamoliddin , Atabayeva Nargis , Muminjon Tojibayev , Nomonov Jaloliddin , Titova Nataliya , Sobirova Dildora , Khujamov Shahboz
Published: February 2025

In the paper is presented the result of one experimental study on the growing of the black soldier fly Hermetia Illucens (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) on wheat and rice bran (from 7 days old to the prepupal stage of larvae). Feeding ration was given for larvae every four days in the following amounts: 45, 90 and 120 mg/larvae/day. For each experimental group (100 larvae, n=3) was calculated the indices related to its growth, mortality and feeding efficiency of wheat and rice brans. In general, the results of study showed a trend, in which larger ration of wheat and rice brans contributed to higher biomass and faster growth of the H. Illucens larvae. However, for wheat bran feed the diet 90 mg/l/d was the optimal and met both conditions: the nutrient requirement to gain of a big larvae biomass and provide a high degree of fed substrate degradation. The protein content of the prepupals in this experimental study was consisted from 36-43% and confirmed the opportunity to usage of dry prepupa meal in the aquaculture feed industry.
Optimization of biosynthesis parameters for antibiotic production by S. cyanogenus S137 in laboratory conditions
Authors: Syromiatnykov Yurii , Radjabov Jamol , Voinash Sergey , Vashchilin Viktor , Orekhovskaya Alexandra , Vanzha Vladimir , Akhtyamova Leisan
Published: February 2025

In this study, the conditions for the submerged biosynthesis of the antibiotic landomycin A by the strain Streptomyces cyanogenus S137 were investigated. Various nutrient media based on soybean and corn extracts were tested to enhance product yield. Optimal fermentation parameters, including temperature, stirring speed, and fermentation duration, were established. The study demonstrated that modifications in nutrient components and cultivation conditions allow for an antibiotic yield of up to 80 μg/ml, with a significant reduction in media cost. The most effective conditions were a temperature of 25 ± 1°C and a stirring intensity of 230 rpm. The results showed that using corn flour and soybean extract as alternative components to expensive soy tryptone significantly improves biosynthesis efficiency while lowering production costs. Additionally, the strain exhibited a high demand for aeration, achieved through increased agitation speed. The findings provide valuable insights for optimizing the industrial production of landomycin A and demonstrate the potential of cost-effective nutrient media in large-scale antibiotic production. This research contributes to the advancement of microbial biotechnology and offers practical approaches to enhancing the economic viability of antibiotic manufacturing in industrial settings.
Innovative technologies for accelerated reproduction of initial seed material from in vitro micro plants on the biotechnological module AGM-60
Authors: Starovoitov V.I. , Starovoitova O.A. , Manokhina A.A.
Published: February 2025

A biotechnological aerohydroponic module has been created for growing plants without using soil by creating a water-air nutrient medium in the root space, and a method has been developed for accelerated propagation and mass replication of improved potato minitubers, which allows increasing the planting density to 60 plants per 1 m2, increasing the propagation coefficient to 50 or more tubers per plant, increasing the yield of tubers per unit area to 3 thousand or more pieces per 1 m2. The device allows for continuous monitoring of root system development, differentiated plant nutrition by development phases, control of plant growth and development during vegetation, initiation and control of tuber formation, stage-by-stage collection of ripening tubers during their development, and an increase in the propagation coefficient per plant and per unit of conventional area.
Optical luminescent properties of stalked and concentrated feeds
Authors: Belyakov Mikhail , Nikitin Evgeny
Published: February 2025

There is a growing consumer demand among livestock professionals for compact devices that allow to determine the nutritional value of field-grown forage, bypassing a long chain of laboratory tests. This allows for the most efficient operation of the feeding management process. Among commercial instruments, the most common diagnostic method is the use of near infrared spectroscopy, however, our study shows that spectroscopy in the visible range, in some cases, may be considered as a more representative method. The use of excitation for photoluminescence by radiation with the wavelength of 424 nm (luminescence measurement range 450-600nm) is the most promising method within the analysis of the feeding mixtures composition. It is expedient to take the excitation wavelength of 485 nm (luminescence measurement range 510-670nm) as the reference one. The difference between the most luminescent fraction of silage and mixed fodder is λe=424 nm being 1.96 times.
Morphogenetic dynamics of the eye retina of chicken embryos in the second half of the antenatal period
Authors: Dmitrieva Oksana , Arzhankova Julia , Skoptsova Tatiana , Solovieva Margarita , Skoptsova Polina
Published: February 2025

In the study of retinal morphogenesis of chicken embryos, conducted on the 14th, 17th and 20th days of incubation, the thickness of various retina layers in the left and right eyes was analyzed. Histological analysis of retinal development in chicken embryos demonstrated the consistent formation and organization of cellular structures which represent three neuronal circuits: photoreceptor, medium-associative and ganglion elements. During the embryonic development, on the 14th, 17th and 20th days of incubation, a significant change in the thickness and morphological organization of these layers was observed. Those changes reflected the complex processes of neurogenesis and cellular differentiation, ensuring that the retina was ready to perform visual functions after the chick hatching. This study of morphological changes of the eyeball retina of chicken embryos on the 14th, 17th and 20th incubation days revealed significant differences at various stages of development.
Seeds germination in constant magnetic field
Authors: Ivanov I.V. , Sokolova L.A.
Published: February 2025

This work is devoted to the study of the influence of a constant magnetic field on the germination of spring wheat and white mustard seeds. In the experiment, the effect of the north and south poles of magnets on the dry mass of seedlings was studied. Two experiments were conducted: the first in three variants with fourfold repetition, the second in two variants with eightfold repetition. The induction of the artificially created magnetic field in the seeds location area did not exceed 14 mT. The dispersion analysis of the experimental results showed that, with a probability of 0.95, the magnetic field does not increase seedlings dry mass. During the experiment, increased moisture absorption in the presence of a magnetic field, as well as residual magnetization in seeds was not observed. For this reason, it was concluded that magnetic treatment of germinating seeds of these crops is impractical.
Formation of heterocyclic aromatic amines in model systems of sucrose, lactose, amino acids and creatine
Authors: Utyanov Dmitry , Polishchuk Ekaterina , Kibitkina Anastasiya , Reshchikov Maksim
Published: February 2025

The article presents experimental data on the study of heterocyclic aromatic amines formation in model matrices consisting of amino acids (8 essential, glutamic acid and aspartic acid), carbohydrates (sucrose, lactose) and creatine. The results of the studies showed that carbohydrates in the reaction of MeIQx and PhIP formation can exhibit both inhibitory and catalytic properties in the reaction of their formation. Of all the studied matrices, in the samples with phenylalanine noted the highest amount of PhIP, its content reached 27837.79 ng/g, based on which it is fair to assume that of all the amino acids, phenylalanine is the main precursor in the reaction of PhIP formation. High concentrations of PhIP were also noted in the samples with tryptophan up to 4891.36 ng/g.
Assessment of phytoremediation potential of some cereals under the action of mine wastewater of a mining enterprise
Authors: Tokhtar V. K. , Tretyakov M. Yu. , Zelenkova V. N. , Biryukov D. V. , Voropaev V. S.
Published: February 2025

The article presents data on the accumulation of pollutants in the green vegetative mass of four cereal species, Festuca arundinacea Schreb., F. rubra L., Lolium perenne L. and Poa pratensis L. under regular exposure to mine wastewater of a mining enterprise. The changes in the morphological and physiological parameters of plant development were assessed using the PlantEye F500 installation. The most informative parameters were: digital biomass and normalized chlorophyll index (NPCI). It was noted that at the initial stages of exposure to wastewater, growth processes are activated, which decreases after 21 days of plant cultivation. Photosynthetic activity was maintained at a high level throughout the experiment. The most promising species with a high ability to accumulate pollutants and resistance to technogenic impacts were identified, which can be recommended for the creation of phytopurification systems.
Retrospective analysis of soybean varietal potential in conditions of the south of the Non-Black Earth Region
Authors: Lukyanova Olga , Konkina Vera , Antoshina Olga , Vavilova Natalya
Published: February 2025

Soybean is the most important agricultural crop, necessary to meet the needs of the population and livestock industries with highly digestible vegetable protein. The article contains a retrospective analysis of soybean cultivation in the Russian Federation and Ryazan region. The factors of the growing popularity of this agricultural crop were determined and included high marginality, significant content of highly digestible protein, amino acids and minerals, resistance to diseases and pests. The factors that had the greatest impact on the yield and quality of soybeans were identified - these were natural and climatic conditions, soil fertility, applied agricultural methods of cultivation, and the choice of variety. The conducted 5-year retrospective analysis showed that more than 50% of agricultural enterprises in Ryazan region incorrectly selected a variety for cultivation. As a result, the actual yield was lower than the potential. In this regard, the article provides recommendations for adjusting the economic activities of agricultural enterprises.
Efficiency of vermicompost in a microplot field experiment
Authors: Kallas Elena , Rodikova Anna , Maron Tatyana , Myasnikov Aleksey , Gulik Elena
Published: February 2025

The paper studies the properties of vermicompost (biohumus) obtained by processing food waste with the Californian worm Eisenia andrei Bouche. Vermicomposting allows transforming human waste into a highly effective fertilizer. It is shown to be enriched with organic carbon, humic acids, nitrogen, and phosphorus. In order to determine the effectiveness of the fertilizer, a microplot field experiment was conducted with a test crop of arugula of the Poker variety, including a control (agro-gray soil) and a variant with vermicompost at a dose of 500 g / m2. The results of the experiment indicate a higher (by 1.5-2 times) seed germination energy, growth rate and development of the crop against the background of the use of vermicompost, which is expressed in the dynamics of biometric parameters (the width and length of leaf blades are 44-49% higher, the height of plants is 38% higher, compared to the control). The productivity of the test culture exceeded the control indicators by 80%. The value of the studied vermicompost determines the need to develop vermicomposting based on food waste, as one of the most promising areas in the field of solving problems of increasing soil fertility and recycling organic waste.