bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Avaliação dos marcadores de consumo alimentar do VIGITEL (2007-2009)
Authors: Moura Souza Amanda de , Bezerra Ilana Nogueira , Cunha Diana Barbosa , Sichieri Rosely
Published: November 2011

OBJETIVO: Avaliar as questões marcadoras de consumo alimentar do Sistema Vigilância de Fatores de Risco e Proteção para Doenças Crônicas por Inquérito Telefônico e sua evolução temporal. MÉTODOS: Foram avaliados 135.249 indivíduos de 27 cidades brasileiras, entrevistados nos anos de 2007 - 2009. Os marcadores de consumo alimentar foram descritos a partir da frequência de consumo de frutas, hortaliças, feijão, leite integral e desnatado, refrigerante normal e diet/light, e consumo de gordura aparente das carnes e a pele do frango. Avaliou-se a evolução temporal desses marcadores e, adicionalmente, testou-se a elaboração de um escore de alimentação saudável e a identificação de padrões alimentares por meio da análise de cluster. RESULTADOS: Observou-se aumento estatisticamente significativo nas frequências de consumo de feijão, leite integral e refrigerante normal e diminuição no consumo de leite desnatado. Mesmo com aumento de 11 para 13% de indivíduos que referiram consumir feijão diariamente, esses percentuais são baixos; assim como o consumo recomendado de 3 porções de frutas e 3 porções de hortaliças por dia, que foi referido por menos de 15% da população em todos os anos, com queda de 5 para 3% para as hortaliças. O refrigerante não diet foi o item com maior aumento no consumo, passando de 60 para 67%. Os itens avaliados apresentaram fraca correlação e não configuram um constructo único de alimentação saudável. CONCLUSÃO: A qualidade da dieta dos brasileiros tem piorado e é necessária melhor qualificação dos marcadores alimentares considerados de risco para doenças crônicas não-transmissíveis.
Consumo de bebidas alcoólicas na população adulta Brasileira: características sociodemográficas e tendência
Authors: Moura Erly Catarina , Malta Deborah Carvalho
Published: November 2011

OBJETIVO: Estimar o consumo de bebidas alcoólicas, identificar as características sociodemográficas associadas a este consumo em 2006 e avaliar a tendência de consumo de 2006 a 2009. MÉTODOS: Foram avaliados, em 2006, 54.369 adultos residentes nas capitais de estados brasileiros e no Distrito Federal. Considerou-se consumo habitual a ingestão de qualquer quantidade de bebida alcoólica nos últimos 30 dias, e consumo abusivo a ingestão de mais de 5 doses para homens ou mais de 4 doses para mulheres em pelo menos uma ocasião nos últimos 30 dias. RESULTADOS: O consumo habitual de bebidas alcoólicas atingiu 38,1% da população estudada e o de consumo abusivo 16,2%, sendo a frequência dos dois padrões maior em homens do que em mulheres. As variáveis associadas ao consumo de bebidas alcoólicas foram: idade, união conjugal e inserção no mercado de trabalho em ambos os sexos, e cor de pele para mulheres nos dois padrões de consumo; escolaridade associou-se apenas para consumo habitual. CONCLUSÃO: A tendência de consumo abusivo de bebidas alcoólicas é crescente nos dois sexos. Os dados mostram a urgência de políticas públicas nacionais voltadas para a prevenção do consumo excessivo de bebidas alcoólicas, especialmente junto à população mais jovem.
O risco de incidência e persistência da obesidade entre adultos Brasileiros segundo seu estado nutricional ao final da adolescência
Authors: Conde Wolney Lisboa , Borges Camila
Published: November 2011

INTRODUÇÃO: A prevalência da obesidade vem aumentando entre adultos nos países desenvolvidos e em desenvolvimento. No Brasil, a obesidade entre adultos atingiu entre 2008 a 2009 pelo menos 10% da população. OBJETIVOS: Com base nos dados do VIGITEL, neste trabalho, serão estimadas a incidência e a persistência da obesidade entre brasileiros adultos no período de 2006 a 2009. MÉTODOS: Nas amostras de 2006 a 2009, foram utilizados casos com registros demográficos, socioeconômicos e antropométricos completos. As estimativas foram expandidas para a população brasileira em 2007. A estimativa do risco relativo (RR) para incidência e persistência da obesidade ou excesso de peso entre homens e mulheres foi feita com regressão múltipla de Poisson, e ajustada para hábito de fumar, idade e atividade física. RESULTADOS: A incidência do excesso de peso entre indivíduos com peso baixo ou normal, aos 20 anos, é estimada em 40%, no sexo masculino, e em 30%, no feminino. A persistência da obesidade, por sua vez, é estimada em 65%, no sexo masculino, e em 47%, no feminino. O gradiente da obesidade como função da escolarização é virtualmente nulo no sexo masculino. Entre mulheres, o gradiente é negativo, com associações lineares e estatisticamente significantes. CONCLUSÃO: Essas características, associadas à forte expansão da obesidade entre adultos jovens detectada em outros estudos, apontam a urgência da utilização de políticas públicas mais incisivas e efetivas, que reduzam a exposição da população à alimentação com má qualidade nutricional e desenvolvam ações voltadas à promoção da atividade física.
Família e proteção ao uso de tabaco, álcool e drogas em adolescentes, Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde dos Escolares
Authors: Malta Deborah Carvalho , Porto Denise Lopes , Melo Flavia Carvalho Malta , Monteiro Rosane Aparecida , Sardinha Luciana Monteiro Vasconcelos , Lessa Bernardo Horta
Published: November 2011

O estudo avalia a associação entre o consumo de tabaco, bebidas alcoólicas e drogas ilícitas e os fatores de proteção familiar. Foram analisados dados referentes da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar (PeNSE), em uma amostra de 60.973 escolares do nono ano do Ensino Fundamental de escolas públicas e privadas das 26 capitais dos estados brasileiros e Distrito Federal. A maioria dos adolescentes vive com o pai e a mãe e cerca de um terço reside em lares apenas com a presença da mãe. Metade dos pais ou responsáveis sabe o que os adolescentes fazem no tempo livre. Residir com ambos os pais tem efeito protetor nos hábitos de fumar, beber e usar drogas. Além disto, a supervisão familiar também é importante na prevenção destes hábitos. Práticas como fazer pelo menos uma refeição com pais ou responsáveis, na maioria dos dias da semana, e o fato de os pais ou responsáveis saberem o que os adolescentes fazem no tempo livre nos últimos 30 dias tem efeito protetor. Os alunos que faltam às aulas sem avisar aos pais têm maior chance de fumar, beber e experimentar drogas. O papel da família é essencial na prevenção de riscos, tais como: tabaco, álcool e drogas e na promoção à saúde dos adolescentes.
Atividade de limpeza e clientes de Elacatinus figaro (Pisces: Gobiidae) nos recifes de coral dos Parrachos de Muriú, Nordeste do Brasil
Authors: Campos Carlos Eduardo Costa , Sá-Oliveira Júlio César
Published: November 2011

Peixes limpadores removem ectoparasitas, tecido doente ou ferido, muco e escamas da superfície corporal de outros peixes, sendo portanto de fundamental importância para a manutenção do equilíbrio e da saúde dos peixes do ecossistema recifal. Na costa brasileira são registradas 24 espécies de peixes limpadores, das quais se destaca Elacatinus figaro, uma das espécies de limpadores mais especializada. Este estudo registrou a diversidade de clientes e o período de atividade de limpeza de Elacatinus figaro nos recifes de coral dos Parrachos de Muriú, Rio Grande do Norte. Foram registradas 21 espécies de clientes pertencentes a 11 famílias, das quais 15 espécies (68,4% do total de espécies) são ativas durante o dia, cinco (25,3%) têm atividade noturna e uma (5,3%) atividade diurna e noturna. Os clientes mais frequentes de E. figaro foram espécies de Haemulidae (25,6%) e Pomacentridae (22,8%) e a categoria trófica planctófago/invertívoro foi a mais representativa (23,6%). A atividade de limpeza teve início entre 05h14 e 06h28 e término entre 17h13 e 17h25. Os tamanhos dos clientes de E. figaro variaram de 7-40 cm com média de 12-30 cm de comprimento total. Um total de 127 ± 3 interações de limpeza e 34 ± 1,7 minutos utilizados na limpeza por estação por dia (2-6 indivíduos de E. figaro) foi registrado
Dinâmica da comunidade lenhosa de uma floresta de galeria na transição Cerrado-Floresta Amazônica no Leste de Mato Grosso, em um período de sete anos (1999 a 2006)
Authors: Miguel Aline , Marimon Beatriz Schwantes , Oliveira Edmar Almeida de , Maracahipes Leandro , Marimon-Junior Ben Hur
Published: November 2011

O estudo foi realizado na floresta de galeria do Córrego Bacaba (14º 43' 12,2" S e 52º 21' 36,7" W), na transição Cerrado-Floresta Amazônica em Nova Xavantina, Mato Grosso. O objetivo foi avaliar e comparar a dinâmica da comunidade lenhosa de três porções da floresta localizadas em um gradiente topográfico (alto, meio e baixo) em um período de sete anos. O inventário consistiu de 141 parcelas permanentes de 10 × 10 m distribuídas nas três porções da floresta, onde foram medidos os indivíduos com CAP > 15 cm, em 1999 e 2006. Foram calculados os parâmetros de dinâmica e o incremento periódico anual (IPA), com base no número de indivíduos e na área basal. Nas três porções de floresta a mortalidade foi superior ao recrutamento. A porção do baixo foi a mais dinâmica, pois apresentou a maior taxa de mortalidade (6,84%) e o maior recrutamento (4,73%). A elevada dinâmica da floresta deve-se, provavelmente, ao estágio de sucessão intermediário no qual ela se encontra e às diferentes condições do ambiente conforme a topografia. Os valores do IPA de algumas espécies comuns às três porções de floresta permitiram confirmar que ocorrem diferenças no incremento de uma porção para outra, indicando que algumas espécies apresentam restrições e outras são beneficiadas para crescer em determinados ambientes. Por outro lado, algumas espécies apresentaram valores de IPA similares nas três porções da floresta, confirmando plasticidade às diferentes condições ambientais. As espécies estudadas apresentaram taxas distintas de recrutamento, mortalidade e incremento relacionadas aos grupos ecológicos e à localização topográfica. Sugere-se que o gradiente topográfico e a inundação sazonal contribuem para posicionar esta comunidade entre as florestas tropicais mais dinâmicas.
Recursos alimentares utilizados pelos peixes e estrutura trófica de quatro trechos no reservatório Capivara (Rio Paranapanema)
Authors: Bennemann Sirlei Terezinha , Galves Wanner , Capra Luiz Gustavo
Published: November 2011

Foi avaliada a dieta das principais espécies de peixes e a estrutura trófica de três trechos no reservatório de Capivara, no Rio Paranapanema, localizados em Porecatu, Cruzália e Cinzas e de um trecho que sofre sua influência, no Rio Tibagi. A dieta destas espécies, pela composição percentual, com os itens alimentares agrupados foi: detritos e insetos aquáticos em três trechos (Cinzas, Cruzália e Porecatu) e crustáceos e insetos aquáticos no trecho Tibagi. Pelo Índice Alimentar (IAi) determinou-se os alimentos principais para cada espécie, e de acordo com eles, as espécies foram classificadas em seis categorias tróficas: carcinófaga, detritívora, herbívora, insetívora, onívora e piscívora. No trecho Tibagi foram verificadas seis categorias; no trecho Cinzas cinco e em Cruzália e Porecatu, quatro. As espécies generalistas/oportunistas: Astyanax altiparanae, Moenkhausia intermedia e Pimelodus maculatus mudaram de categoria trófica conforme o trecho. Plagioscion squamosissimus, piscívora em Porecatu e Cruzália, mudou para carcinófaga nos trechos Tibagi e Cinzas. A estrutura trófica, assim como a composição das principais espécies em abundância de exemplares, foi distinta em cada trecho, onde ocorreu o predomínio de três espécies, tendo sempre entre elas uma das espécies introduzidas.
Anurofauna da floresta de restinga do Parque Estadual da Ilha do Cardoso, Sudeste do Brasil: composição de espécies e uso de sítios reprodutivos
Authors: Vilela Vívian Maria de Faria Nasser , Brassaloti Ricardo Augusto , Bertoluci Jaime
Published: November 2011

O Parque Estadual da Ilha do Cardoso é uma área de grande importância para a conservação, pois abriga diferentes ecossistemas costeiros, como manguezais, dunas, restingas e mata atlântica de encosta, que, historicamente, estiveram sob forte pressão antrópica. A identificação duvidosa e a descoberta de novas espécies da anurofauna em ambientes costeiros, evidencia a escassez de estudos nessas regiões. Inventariamos a anurofauna da floresta de restinga do Parque Estadual da Ilha do Cardoso entre outubro de 2005 e outubro de 2007, por meio de 25 viagens mensais de dois dias de duração. Foram utilizados dois métodos: procura visual ativa em uma parcela permanente de 10 ha e procura visual e auditiva em nove sítios de reprodução. A anurofauna da área de estudo é composta por 17 espécies pertencentes às famílias Bufonidae (2 espécies), Craugastoridae (1), Hylidae (10), Leiuperidae (1), Leptodactylidae (2) e Microhylidae (1). A riqueza estimada foi de 17,77-17,96, o que mostra que nosso esforço amostral foi suficiente para registrar praticamente toda a anurofauna presente nessa formação de restinga. Essa riqueza pode ser considerada elevada quando comparada à de outras áreas de restinga, principalmente aquelas dotadas de vegetação menos estruturada. O predomínio da família Hylidae é característico de todas as localidades da região neotropical. Nenhuma espécie acha-se incluída nas listas de espécies ameaçadas de extinção do estado de São Paulo e do Brasil, mas Aparasphenodon bokermanni é considerada pouco conhecida ("Data Deficient") pela IUCN, e outras três espécies (Dendrophryniscus leucomystax, Haddadus binotatus e Itapotihyla langsdorffii) apresentam populações em declínio. Essas informações revelam a importância da floresta de restinga da Ilha do Cardoso para a manutenção de populações de anuros. Uma análise de agrupamento de 14 espécies que utilizaram nove sítios reprodutivos evidenciou três grupos, sendo o hidroperíodo o principal fator na determinação das similaridades. Conclui-se que a preservação de corpos d'água com diferentes fisionomias é essencial para a conservação de populações viáveis de anuros.
Estrutura e composição florística da vegetação lenhosa em cerrado rupestre na transição Cerrado-Floresta Amazônica, Mato Grosso, Brasil
Authors: Maracahipes Leandro , Lenza Eddie , Marimon Beatriz Schwantes , Oliveira Edmar Almeida de , Pinto José Roberto Rodrigues , Marimon Junior Ben Hur
Published: November 2011

O objetivo desse estudo foi determinar a composição florística e a estrutura da vegetação lenhosa (incluindo monocotiledôneas e lianas) em cerrado rupestre na zona de transição Cerrado-Floresta Amazônica, no Parque do Bacaba, em Nova Xavantina, MT (14º 41' S e 52º 20' W) e compará-las com outros estudos de cerrado sentido restrito. Foram demarcadas aleatoriamente 10 parcelas de 20 × 50 m, nas quais foram medidos os indivíduos vivos e mortos em pé com diâmetro mínimo a 30 cm do solo (DAS) > 3 cm. O cerrado rupestre apresentou alta densidade (3.766 indivíduos vivos), riqueza florística (85 espécies, 67 gêneros e 34 famílias) e área basal (15,72 m²ha-1), e ainda elevado valor do índice de diversidade de espécies de Shannon-Wiener (H' = 3,47) e equabilidade de Pielou (J = 0,78) em relação às áreas comparadas. As espécies com maior valor de importância foram Erythroxylum suberosum, Qualea parviflora, Anacardium occidentale, Kielmeyera rubriflora e Vatairea macrocarpa. A maior similaridade florística entre comunidades de cerrado típico e rupestre localizadas em áreas com menores altitudes do leste mato-grossense sugere que nessa região a proximidade geográfica e a altitude exercem influência sobre a composição de espécies, independentemente do substrato. A comunidade apresentou distribuição de alturas unimodal, predominando indivíduos de porte arbustivo com altura < 3 m e DAS < 5 cm. É sugerido aqui que estudos florísticos e fitossociológicos realizados em cerrado rupestre empreguem DAS mínimo de 3 cm e incluam espécies de monocotiledôneas e de lianas para representar de maneira mais realística a riqueza e composição de espécies e a estrutura da vegetação. A elevada riqueza e diversidade de espécies registrada no presente estudo podem estar relacionadas à posição pré-Amazônica deste cerrado rupestre, enfatizando a importância da manutenção do Parque do Bacaba no sentido de garantir a proteção de sua diversidade biológica.
Lacking Control: Situation Valence, Effects of Perceived Control, and Illusory Pattern Perception
Authors: Quan Peng , Feng Cong , Yang Qing
Published: November 2011

We conducted 2 experiments in which we tested whether situation valence moderates the psychological consequences of lacking control. Participants who lacked control in negative circumstances were more likely to perceive illusory patterns. However, participants who lacked control in
positive circumstances saw many fewer images compared to those in the full-control condition. Our results indicated that situation valence is an effective moderator of the psychological consequences of lacking control.
Determination of carbonyl compounds (acetaldehyde and formaldehyde) in polyethylene terephthalate containers designated for water conservation
Authors: Redzepovic Azra , Acanski Marijana , Vujic Djura , Lazic Vera
Published: November 2011

Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) has in the last several years become the
main packaging material for many food products, particularly carbonated
beverages and bottled water, as well as for products of chemical industry
(packaging of various hygiene maintenance agents, pesticides, solvents,
etc.). The strength and permeability properties of PET are very good for
packaging of beverages, its resistance to chemicals is high and it has a high
degree of transparency. Acetaldehyde and formaldehyde are formed during the
thermoforming of PET containers. After cooling, acetaldehyde and formaldehyde
remain trapped in the walls of a PET bottle and may migrate into the water
after filling and storage. Since there are no migration tests in Serbia
prescribed for the determination of acetaldehyde and formaldehyde, the
purpose of the paper is to test the quantitative contents of carbonyl
compounds (acetaldehyde and formaldehyde) in PET containers of different
volumes, made by various manufacturers of bottled mineral carbonated and
noncarbonated water, and exposed to different temperatures. In this study,
the migration of acetaldehyde and formaldehyde from PET bottles into mineral
carbonated and noncarbonated water was determined by high performance liquid
chromatography. Taking into consideration that formaldehyde and acetaldehyde
have no UV active or fluorescent group, the chromatography shall be preceded
by derivatization in a closed system (due to a low boiling point of
acetaldehyde and formaldehyde), which shall transform carbonyl compounds into
UV active compounds.
Privatization in Serbia: Results and institutional failures
Authors: Vujacic Ivan , Petrovic-Vujacic Jelica
Published: November 2011

Since the beginning of the 1990?s several models of privatization have been
applied in Serbia. While much was written concerning the models themselves at
the time of their application, remarkably little has been written in regards
to the assessment of their implementation over the last decade. The paper
investigates the scope, types, and results, with an emphasis on this time
period. Given that the official failure rate of privatizations undertaken is
around one in four, the paper focuses on the weaknesses of the legal and
economic aspects of the model, the weaknesses of the privatization
implementation, and the weaknesses in the monitoring of the privatization
process. Another focus is on the inadequate attention paid to the need for
institutional coherence, which led to results that were not in accord with
the goals set out. The paper will also point out the areas of further
research that, in the opinion of the authors, should be undertaken in order
to come to an assessment of privatization as the central and most important
aspect of the transition.
The impact of the global financial crisis on the structure of investment portfolios of insurance companies
Authors: Kocovic Jelena , Rakonjac-Antic Tatjana , Jovovic Marija
Published: November 2011

This article deals with the impact of the global financial crisis on the
scale and structure of investment portfolios of insurance companies, with
respect to their difference compared to other types of financial institution,
which derives from the specific nature of insurance activities. The analysis
includes insurance companies? exhibited and expected patterns of behavior as
investors in the period before, during, and after the crisis, considering
both the markets of economically developed countries and the domestic
financial market of Serbia. The direction of insurers? investments in the
post-crisis period should be very carefully examined in terms of their future
implications for the insurance companies? long-term financial health, and
defined in a broader context of managing all risks to which they are exposed,
taking into account the interdependence of these risks. Pertinent
recommendations in this regard have arisen from research of relevant past
experience and current trends, and also from an analysis and comparison of
views on this subject presented by a number of authors.
Synthesis, crystal structure and computational chemistry research of a Zinc(II) complex: [Zn(Pt)(Biim)2]
Authors: Teng Fei , Jiang Nan , Wang Zhonghui , Cui Yuncheng , Wang Jiajun
Published: November 2011

The title metal-organic coordination complex [Zn(pt)(Biim)2] (pt=phthalic
acid, benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate, Biim=2,2'-biimidazole) 1 has been obtained
by using hydrothermal synthesis and characterized by single-crystal X-ray
diffraction. The complex crystallizes in monoclinic, space group P21/n with a
= 8.5466(15) ?, b = 11.760(2) ?, c = 20.829(4) ?, ? = 95.56(2)?, V =
2083.5(6) ?3, Mr =497.78, Dc = 1.587 g/cm3, ?(MoK?) = 1.226 mm?1, F(000) =
1016, Z = 4, the final R = 0.0564 and wR = 0.1851 for 3656 observed
reflections (I > 2?(I)). The elemental analysis, IR, TG and the theoretical
calculation were also investigated.
Decolorization of textile azo dye reactive orange 16 with UV/H2O2 process
Authors: Mitrovic Jelena , Radovic Miljana , Bojic Danijela , Andjelkovic Tatjana , Purenovic Milovan , Bojic Aleksandar
Published: November 2011

The photochemical decolorization of C.I. Reactive Orange 16 (RO16), a
reactive textile azo dye by the UV/H2O2 process using a batch photoreactor
with UV lamps emitting at 253.7 nm, was studied. Complete decolorization of
50.0 mg dm-3 initial dye concentration was achieved in less than 6 min under
optimal conditions (25 mM initial peroxide concentration, at pH 7.0 and with
UV light intensity 1950 ?W cm-2). The effect of experimental variables, such
as initial pH, initial concentration of H2O2, initial dye concentration, and
the intensity of UV light was studied. The highest decolorization rates were
performed at peroxide concentration in range from 20 mM up to 40 mM, above
which decolorization was inhibited by a scavenging effect of peroxide. The
decolorization was more efficient in neutral pHs. The efficiency of the
process was improved in lower initial dye concentration and at higher
intensity of UV light.
Irreversible UV-induced quercetin and rutin degradation in solution, studied by UV-spectrophotometry and HPLC chromatography
Authors: Zvezdanovic Jelena , Stanojevic Jelena , Markovic Dejan , Cvetkovic Dragan
Published: November 2011

Irreversible degradation of quercetin and rutin, dissolved in methanol and
water, induced by continuous UV-irradiation from two different sub-ranges
(UV-B and UV-C) has been studied in this work. The degradation of both
flavonoids is related to formation of UV-induced degradation products: both
processes follow first-order kinetics. The degradation and products formation
rate constants are both dependent on the involved UV-photons energy input in
both solvents.
Chaos expansion methods for stochastic differential equations involving the Malliavin derivative, Part II
Authors: Levajkovic Tijana , Selesi Dora
Published: November 2011

We solve stochastic differential equations involving the Malliavin
derivative and the fractional Malliavin derivative by means of a chaos
expansion on a general white noise space (Gaussian, Poissonian, fractional
Gaussian and fractional Poissonian white noise space). There exist unitary
mappings between the Gaussian and Poissonian white noise spaces, which can
be applied in solving SDEs.
Spectra and graph comparison
Authors: Delorme Charles
Published: November 2011

We give some inequalities relating the number of edges that two graphs of the
same order may have in common with their degree sequences and their spectra.
We then give some examples and related inequalities, and present applications
to independence number and coloration.
Sets and posets with inversions
Authors: Száz Árpád
Published: November 2011

We investigate unary operations ?, ? and ? on a set X satisfying x = x?? =
x?? and x? = x?? = x?? for all x ? X. Moreover, if in particular X is a
meet-semilattice, then we also investigate the operations defined by x? = x
? x?, x? = x ? x?, x? = x ? x?; x? = x? ? x?, x? = x? ? x?, x? = x? ? x?;
and x
Factors associated with achievement and durability of cytogenetic response in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia treated with imatinib
Authors: Cojbasic Irena , Macukanovic-Golubovic Lana
Published: November 2011

Background/Aim. Imatinib mesylate, a selective Bcr-Abl tyrosine kinase
inhibitor, has revolutionized the treatment of Bcr-Abl positive chronic
myeloid leukemia and become the standard of care for this disease. The aim of
this study was evaluation and analysis of cytogenetic response in different
intervals and risk groups as well as finding association between
pre-treatment characteristics and later probability of achievement of major
cytogenetic response. Methods. We analyzed a total of 22 adult patients with
newly diagnosed Philadelphia positive early chronic phase chronic myeloid
leukemia treated at our institution from June 2006 to December 2009. Results.
The median follow-up time for patients during treatment with imatinib was
25.7 months (range, 12-42 months). A complete hematologic response was
achieved in all of the analyzed patients within 6 months from the start of
the treatment. The major cytogenetic response rate was 81.8%, and the
complete cytogenetic response rate was 72.7%. The patients with low or
moderate relative risk had the rate of complementary achieving major and
complete cytogenetic response of 75-90%. A multivariate analysis identified
the following independent prognostic factors for achieving major cytogenetic
response: the absence of splenomegaly, white blood cell count less than 10 ?
109/L, the platelet count less than 450 ? 109/L, the presence of less than 5%
of bone marrow blasts and basophils, the absence of blasts in peripheral
blood, the presence of less than 7% of basophils in peripheral blood.
Conclusion. Patients who early achieve complete and major cytogenetic
response as well as those with low and moderate relative risk have a higher
rate of achieving and maintaining complete cytogenetic response. There are
also characteristics of patients before treatment that may indicate the
treatment outcome.
Experience in the treatment of some complications of portal hypertension in alcoholic liver cirrhosis
Authors: Savic Zeljka , Vracaric Vladimir , Hadnadjev Ljiljana , Petrovic Zora , Damjanov Dragomir
Published: November 2011

Background/Aim. Portal hypertension (PH) is hemodynamical abnormality
associated with the most serious complications of alcoholic liver cirrhosis
(ALC): ascites, varices and variceal bleeding. The aim of this study was to
determine characteristics of portal hypertension, especially of upper
gastrointestinal bleedings in patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis (ALC).
Methods. A total of 237 patients with ALC were observed in a 3-year period.
Results. A total of 161 patients (68%) were hospitalized because of PH
elements: 86 (36.3%) had upper gastrointestinal bleeding, 75 (31.7%) were
decompensated. Only 76 (32%) of the patients had icterus. General mortality
was 85 (36%). According to the source of bleeding, 61 (71%) patients bled
from varices, and 25 (29%) from other sources with existing varices but
non-incriminated for bleeding in 16 (64%) of those patients. Active bleeding
or stigmata of recent bleeding were found in 63 (73%) cases. Endoscopic
treatment of variceal bleeding along with octreotide applied in 20 (32.78%)
patients, just octreotide in 32 (52.46%), and octreotid plus balloon
tamponade in 9 (14.75%). According to Child-Pugh classification, 25 (29%) of
the bleeding patients were in class A, score 5.4; 43 (50%) in class B, score
7.8; and 18 (21%) in class C, score 10.9. Average hemoglobin level was 93
g/L, hematocrit 0.27, AST 71.52 U/L (normal to 37 U/L), ALT 37.74 U/L (normal
to 40 U/L). Until this bleeding episode, 41 (47%) of the patients already
bled. In the decompensated patients 3 (4%) were in Child Pugh class A, score
6; 42 (56%) in class B, score 8.3; and 30 (40%) in class C, score 10.6. Until
this decompensation episode, 7 (9.3%) patients already bled. Conclusion.
Patients with ALC need early detection of varices, primary and secondary
profilaxis of variceal bleeding and adequate therapy of ascites. When
bleeding occurs, patients need urgent upper endoscopy and intensive
treatment.
Serotyping and analysis of produced pigments kinds by Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates
Authors: Stankovic-Nedeljkovic Natasa , Kocic Branislava , Tiodorovic Branislav , Brankovic Srbobran , Mladenovic-Antic Snezana
Published: November 2011

Background/Aim. Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is devided into 20
serotypes on the base of the International Antigenic Typing Scheme. P.
aeruginosa serotyping is important because of few reasons but epidemiological
is the most important. The aim of the study was serotyping of P. aeruginosa
clinical isolates, analysing of single clinical isolates P. aeruginosa
present in the particular samples, and analysing of pyocianin and fluorescin
production in different isolates of P. aeruginosa. Methods. A total of 223
isolates of P. aeruginosa, isolated in the microbiological laboratory of the
Health Center ?Aleksinac?, Aleksinac, were examinated. P. aeruginosa isolates
were put on the pseudomonas isolation agar, pseudomonas agar base, acetamid
agar, asparagin prolin broth, pseudomonas asparagin broth, Bushnnell-Haas
agar, cetrimid agar base, King A and King B plates, plates for pyocianin
production, plates for fluorescin production and tripticasa soya agar
(Himedia). Polyvalent and monovalent serums were used in the agglutination
(Biorad). Pigment production was analysed on the bases of growth on the
plates for pyocianin and fluorescin production. Results. Serologically, we
identificated the serovars as follows: O1, O3, O4, O5, O6, O7, O8, O10, O11
and O12. O1 (38%) was the most often serovar, then O11 (19%) and O6 (8.6%). A
total of 18.6% (42) isolates did not agglutinate with any serum, whereas 21
isolates agglutinated only with polyvalent serum. The majority of P.
aeruginosa isolates produced fluorescin, 129 (58.54%), 53 (22.94%) produced
pyocianin whereas 49 (21.21%) isolates produced both pigments. Conclusion. P.
aeruginosa was isolated most of the from urine, sputum and other materials.
The majority often serovars were O1, O6 and O11. The most of isolates
produced fluorescin (58.54%), while 22.94% producted pyocianin and 21.21%
both pigments.
Isolated eyeball metastasis of non-seminomatous germ cell testicular tumor
Authors: Bojanic Nebojsa , Nale Djordje , Micic Sava , Janicic Aleksandar , Vuksanovic Aleksandar , Vukovic Ivan
Published: November 2011

Introduction. Testicular tumors most frequently metastasize to regional lymph
nodes. Non-seminomatous tumor metastasis of testicle (NSGCTT) to the eyeball
is rare. Case report. We presented a 24-year old man, referred to the
ophthalmologist due to acute pain and abrupt loss of sight in the left eye
accompanied by its enlargement. Orbital and endocranial computerized
tomography (CT) was carried out, indicating the tumor in the left eye. His
previous medical history provided the information that the right testicle was
painlessly enlarged for 8 months. Ultrasonography showed a completely
tumorously altered testis. Abdominal and chest CT failed to reveal any
secondary deposits in visceral organs and lymph glands. Tumor markers (AFP -
alpha-fetoproteins, beta hCG - human choronic gonadotropin beta) were
elevated. Right radical orchiactomy was performed (showed NSGCTT), followed
by polychemotherapy with cisplatinum 100 mg/m2, etoposide 120 mg/m2,
bleomycin 15 mg/m2 (PEB ? 4), resulting in normalization of tumor marker
values and significant regression of the left eyeball. Next, the left eye
enucleation and ocular prosthesis implantation was carried out.
Pathohistological evaluation indicated fibrosis and necrosis only. In a
5-year follow-up period, the patient was free of recurrence. Conclusion.
Isolated hematogenous metastasis of the NSGCTT to the eye is rare. In our
case, the left eye was the only metastatic localization. After chemotherapy
and eye enucleation the patient was in a 4- year follow-up period free of the
recurrence.
Roles of the NFκB and glutathione pathways in mature human erythrocytes
Authors: Ghashghaeinia Mehrdad , Toulany Mahmoud , Saki Mohammad , Rodemann H. , Mrowietz Ulrich , Lang Florian , Wieder Thomas
Published: November 2011

Anucleated erythrocytes were long considered as oxygen-transporting cells with limited regulatory functions. Components of different nuclear signaling pathways have not been investigated in those cells, yet. Surprisingly, we repeatedly found significant amounts of transcription factors in purified erythrocyte preparations, i.e. nuclear factor κB (NFκB), and major components of the canonical NFκB signaling pathway. To investigate the functional role of NFκB signaling, the effects of the preclinical compounds Bay 11-7082 and parthenolide on the survival of highly purified erythrocytes were investigated. Interestingly, both inhibitors of the NFκB pathway triggered erythrocyte programmed cell death as demonstrated by enhanced phospholipid scrambling (phosphatidylserine exposure) and cell shrinkage. Anucleated erythrocytes are an ideal cellular model allowing the study of nongenomic mechanisms contributing to suicidal cell death. As NFκB inhibitors might also interfere with the anti-oxidative defense systems of the cell, we measured the levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) after challenge with the inhibitors. Indeed, incubation of erythrocytes with Bay 11-7082 clearly decreased erythrocyte GSH levels. In conclusion, the pharmacological inhibitors of the NFκB pathway Bay 11-7082 and parthenolide interfere with the survival of erythrocytes involving mechanisms other than disruption of NFκB-dependent gene expression. Besides affecting erythrocyte survival, NFκB inhibition and induction of erythrocyte phosphatidylserine exposure may influence blood clotting. Future studies will be aimed at discriminating between NFκB-dependent and NFκB-independent GSH-mediated effects of Bay 11-7082 and parthenolide on erythrocyte death.
Dynamic traffic assignment: model classifications and recent advances in travel choice principles
Authors: Szeto W. , Wong S.
Published: November 2011

Dynamic Traffic Assignment (DTA) has been studied for more than four decades and numerous reviews of this research area have been conducted. This review focuses on the travel choice principle and the classification of DTA models, and is supplementary to the existing reviews. The implications of the travel choice principle for the existence and uniqueness of DTA solutions are discussed, and the interrelation between the travel choice principle and the traffic flow component is explained using the nonlinear complementarity problem, the variational inequality problem, the mathematical programming problem, and the fixed point problem formulations. This paper also points out that all of the reviewed travel choice principles are extended from those used in static traffic assignment. There are also many classifications of DTA models, in which each classification addresses one aspect of DTA modeling. Finally, some future research directions are identified.
Incidence of Plantar Lateral Foot Pain before and after the Use of Trial Metal Wedges in Lateral Column Lengthening
Authors: Ellis Scott J. , Williams Benjamin R. , Garg Rohit , Campbell Graham , Pavlov Helene , Deland Jonathan T.
Published: November 2011

Background:

One of the major concerns with lateral column lengthening (LCL) in symptomatic flatfoot deformity treatment is the risk of postoperative plantar lateral foot discomfort. We evaluated whether this risk can be minimized by using trial metal wedges. Using our study's evaluation tools, the incidence of postoperative plantar lateral foot discomfort before and after using trial metal wedges was determined.

Materials and Methods:

The incidence of plantar lateral foot pain after LCL was retrospectively assessed in 122 consecutive patients (132 feet) after they had undergone flatfoot reconstruction with LCL between 2001 and 2007. To determine if the incidence could be reduced, levels of pain or revision were compared before and after the use of trial metal wedges. The ratio of wedge size to preoperative radiographic calcaneal length was also determined.

Results:

The overall incidence of plantar lateral discomfort was 11.2%. The incidence of pain or revision was lower after the introduction of trial metal wedges (6.3% compared to 14.7%), but did not reach significance (p = 0.084). There was no significant difference found in the ratio of the size of bone graft wedge to calcaneal length between the two groups (p = 0.805).

Conclusion:

The incidence of plantar lateral foot discomfort overall was 11.2% after LCL. We believe this risk may be reduced using trial metal wedges, properly judging eversion stiffness and carefully assessing the position of the foot intraoperatively. Level of Evidence: III, Retrospective Comparative Study
Trimalleolar Fracture with Involvement of the Entire Posterior Plafond
Authors: Lei Wang , Zhong-Min Shi , Chang-Qing Zhang , Bing-Fang Zeng
Published: November 2011

Background:

A special type of trimalleolar fracture with the involvement of the entire posterior tibial plafond has been reported recently. Because of the low incidence, the characteristics of the fracture in different studies have not been consistent. We describe our clinical experience with this fracture type.

Materials and Methods:

From January 2007 to December 2009, 12 patients were identified with a trimalleolar fracture with involvement of entire posterior tibial plafond. All the fractures were openly reduced and fixed through a combined operative approach (posterolateral and posteromedial). Ten of 12 patients were followed up. The clinical outcome was assessed with the Short Form-36 (SF-36) and standardized AAOS foot and ankle questionnaire, and the radiological evaluation with an osteoarthritis-score (OA-score).

Results:

Based on the pathoanatomy of the posteromedial malleolar fragment, all the fractures could be classified into two types. Using a combined operative approach, anatomical reduction and stable fixation was accomplished in all 12 patients. At a mean followup of 18.9 (range, 12 to 30) months, 10 patients achieved a good radiological result and satisfactory clinical recovery.

Conclusion:

This fracture pattern may be classified into two types with different injury mechanisms, which has not been described previously. After anatomic reduction and stable fixation through a combined operative approach, the short-term outcome was good.
Radiographic Considerations of Hallux Valgus versus Hallux Rigidus
Authors: Usuelli Federico , Palmucci Maria , Montrasio Umberto A. , Malerba Francesco
Published: November 2011

Background:

Metatarsus primus elevatus (MPE) has long been suggested as a primary causative factor in the pathogenesis of hallux rigidus (HR). The purpose of this investigation was to more clearly define this relationship by comparison of first ray position in patients with hallux rigidus, hallux valgus, and a control population with no known foot pathology.

Materials and Methods:

Clinical and radiographical data were retrospectively collected from 297 patients (394 feet) between the periods of January 2007 and September 2008. Patients were stratified into those having isolated HR (110 patients, 145 feet), isolated hallux valgus (HV) (118 patients, 159 feet), and control group (C) of asymptomatic volunteers (69 patients, 90 feet). Any patient with a previous history of foot trauma, surgery, or other foot or ankle pathology was excluded from the study. Standing lateral weightbearing X-rays were obtained for measurement of first to second metatarsal head elevation (Horton Index), Seiberg Index, and Sagittal Intermetatarsal Angle (IMA).

Results:

A significant difference in first ray elevation in HR population was identified by all the three measurements. Horton Index (mm) was 6.4 ± 2.5 for HR population, as compared to 4.0 ± 2.5 and 3.4 ± 1.9 for the HV and C populations ( p ≤ 0.05). Seiberg Index (mm) measured 2.5 ± 1.8 for the HR group, versus 1.0 ± 1.6 and 0.24 ± 0.9 for the HV and C groups respectively ( p ≤ 0.05). The sagittal IMA (degrees) were 4.5 ± 2.5 versus 2.7 ± 2.2 and 1.8 ± 1.2 ( p ≤ 0.05).

Conclusion:

This investigation does not show any etiological relation between MPE and HR, but identified a correlation between them. Level of Evidence: III, Retrospective Comparative Series
Peroneal Tenography to Evaluate Lateral Hindfoot Pain after Calcaneal Fracture
Authors: Chen Wei , Li Xicheng , Su Yanling , Zhang Qi , Smith Wade R. , Zhang Xiaolin , Zhang Yingze
Published: November 2011

Background:

Lateral hindfoot pain after union of a calcaneal fracture remains a challenge to orthopaedic surgeons. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between lateral calcaneal pain, calcaneal width and peroneal tendon sheath impingement in patients with lateral hindfoot pain.

Materials and Methods:

Seventy-four consecutive patients with unilateral lateral hindfoot pain were identified from an institutional trauma registry. Regular followups were performed and the severity of lateral hindfoot pain was recorded. CT scans were conducted to measure calcaneal width at the level of susten-taculum tali. Bilateral peroneal tenography was performed to examine compression of the peroneal tendon sheath. The sheaths on the injured, painful side were compared to the contralat-eral sheath at the same level. The data was analyzed with bivariate correlation using SPSS 13.0 for Windows.

Results:

The injured calcanei were wider in all patients and the peroneus longus and brevis tendon sheaths were compressed on peroneal tenography in 68.9% (51 of 74). Statistics demonstrated significant correlations between compression of tendon sheaths and lateral hindfoot pain (Rs = 0.93, p <0.001), and between increasing calcaneal width and lateral hindfoot pain (Rs = 0.665, p < 0.001). The severity of lateral hindfoot pain was directly correlated to tendon sheath impingement and indirectly related to calcaneal widening.

Conclusion:

Calcaneal widening following fracture union was the cause of compression of the peroneal tendons. Increasing compression correlated with increasing levels of lateral pain. Our study demonstrated the utility of peroneal tenography in identifying the presence of peroneal tendon impingement in patients with lateral pain following calcaneal fractures. Level of Evidence: III, Retrospective Comparative Study
Simple Two-Portal Technique for Endoscopic Gastrocnemius Recession: Clinical Tip
Authors: Yeap Ewe Juan , Shamsul Shams Amir , Chong Keen Wai , Sands Andrew K
Published: November 2011

Level of Evidence: V, Expert Opinion
Solvent Polarity, Hydrogen-Bonding and Solvophobicity Effects on the Nucleophilic Substitution of Benzenesulfonyl Chloride with Aniline in Aqueous and Non-Aqueous Solutions of Methanol
Authors: Harifi-Mood Ali Reza , Jafarinejad Aazam
Published: November 2011

The reaction between benzensulfonyl chloride and aniline was studied in various compositions of methanol with ethyl acetate, propan-2-ol and water at 25° C. Second-order rate coefficients of this reaction were determined; those in pure solvents were in the order of water > methanol >propan-2-ol> ethyl acetate. Rates decreased sharply with the mole fraction of ethyl acetate in methanol- ethyl acetate mixtures and showed an increasing trend with water content in methanol-water mixtures. Linear free energy relationship regressions showed that the polarity, hydrogen-bond donor ability and hydrophobicity of the media were the main factors affecting the reaction rate coefficient.
Impact of soil amendments on macronutrients (NA, K, CA, MG, N and P) contents of rice grain under subsurface drainage in salt affected soil
Authors: Mandal R , Aich AC
Published: November 2011

Impact of soil amendments and brackish water irrigation on grain of three cultivars of rice provided with subsurface drained and non-drained conditions in saline soil was investigated. Contents of Na, Mg, N and P of rice grain increased significantly with increasing brackishness of irrigation water (ECiw 0.7 to 5.0 dS/m) irrespective of drainage condition. The content of Na was found much lower in grain provided with subsurface drainage as compared with non drained ones irrespective of treatments and varieties. However, a reverse trend was observed in case of K. Addition of both lime and gypsum alone caused a decrease in Na and an insignificant increase in Ca concentration at all levels of brackish water irrigation. Effect of lime and gypsum in presence of organic matter did not influence very much in Na, Ca and Mg concentrations in all the cultivars. The contents of N and P increased with increasing levels of salinity might be due to stunted growth of plant caused by excessive Na. Lime and gypsum alone caused a decline in the P content whereas organic matter alone helped to increase the same in grain of rice. Application of lime and gypsum along with organic matter failed to respond in P content significantly in grain of rice in all grades of brackish water whether provided with subsurface drainage or not. In both the sets, cow-dung influenced better performance than straw in mineral nutrition of rice grain.Key words: Soil amendment, Rice grain, Macronutrients, Subsurface drainage,  Salt affected soilDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujbs.v19i1.8938 DUJBS 2010; 19(1): 1-11
Edaphic conditions of different islands under different hydrological regimes in the coastal zone of Bangladesh
Authors: Ahmed Ashfaque , Ohlson Mikael , Hoque Sirajul , Moula Md Golam
Published: November 2011

Physical and chemical properties of soils from the southern coastal zone of Bangladesh were studied to understand the effect of inundation on different soil variables. Soil samples were collected from three different islands representing different hydrological regimes, viz. Char Motherbunia (Island I) is inundated twice daily, Char Taposhi (Island II) is inundated by high tide and Char Kashem (Island III) is totally raised, inundated only during storm surges. Three transects in each island perpendicular to the river Buragauranga were established. Five soil samples, each with a composite of five sub-samples, were collected from each transect, 15 variables were tested from total 15 samples of each island. To test the variations among the islands and within the island, ANOVA was used. Soils of the three islands were found to be rather similar in chemical properties, although there were some significant differences in pH and potassium concentration. The results indicated that broad-scale hydrology did not effect the variation found in the edaphic condition rather duration and amplitude may be responsible for some observed variation. A correlation matrix of the soil variables showed a strong correlation among chemical elements and that the majority of elements were significantly correlated with pH. Key words: Edaphic conditions; Coastal zone; Hydrological regimes; Tidal amplitude DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujbs.v19i1.8941 DUJBS 2010; 19(1): 27-40