bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“No vengo a pedirte nada”: la música en Villa Rica, Cauca, como un espacio donde se hace sociedad
Authors: Sevilla Manuel
Published: October 2020

Este artículo presenta resultados de una investigación reciente sobre las prácticas musicales tradicionales en el municipio caucano de Villa Rica, Cauca, Colombia. Se describen tres contextos sociales (celebración de la natividad del Niño Dios, velorios de niños y adultos y espacios de trabajo y esparcimiento) y se exploran las distintas maneras como se atienden las exigencias de recursos físicos y de trabajo humano allí presentadas. A partir de esto, se argumenta que las prácticas musicales tradicionales son una instancia privilegiada donde las personas comunican, transforman y reafirman distintos parámetros de acción colectiva y que en Villa Rica se sustenta en prácticas solidarias. El argumento central va en concordancia con la idea de que las músicas tradicionales son un espacio donde se hace sociedad y no sólo un reflejo de ella.
El cuerpo investigador, el cuerpo investigado. Una aproximación fenomenológica a la experiencia del puerperio
Authors: Mora Ana Sabrina
Published: October 2020

El objetivo de este artículo es explorar la utilidad de las descripciones fenomenológicas, incluyendo las experiencias de quien realiza la investigación, como parte de los análisis socioantropológicos sobre el cuerpo y la sexualidad, en especial, para aproximarse al estudio del puerperio y a algunas experiencias que suelen asociarse a él en la contemporaneidad occidental. Intenta, además, integrar la propuesta metodológica de la fenomenología con los marcos analíticos postestructuralistas. Se parte de la idea de que la observación de acontecimientos vitales intensos como el parto y el puerperio, es una vía de acceso al conocimiento de todas aquellas experiencias que desde el cuerpo repercuten sobre la subjetividad, y considera al cuerpo y al sujeto como una unidad indisoluble, que sólo puede comprenderse desde su imbricación, tal como lo establece la perspectiva del embodiment.
Avoiding Fumbles: Online Patient Handoff Training
Authors: Wells Jack , Higbee Dena , Doty Jen , Louder Elaine
Published: October 2020

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic required rapid curriculum adaptation to online delivery. Given the importance of accurate clinical patient handoffs, we adapted simulation-based medical student training in clinical patient handoffs. We scored the accuracy of the information students presented. We also elicited student feedback to determine their perceptions of the event and their evaluations of the effectiveness of the training.
Methods: Twenty-six third-year medical students participated online via Zoom. Students participated in groups of three or four students. They sequentially encountered a standardized patient. Clinical information and physical exam findings were handed off from student to student until the encounter was complete. The student group then debriefed with faculty. Students were evaluated based on the proportion of clinical information handed off to the following student. Students also evaluated the training session.
Results: The first student handoff included 73.4% of the available information. In subsequent handoffs, the percentage fell to 43%. All students said they felt the training was helpful in practicing patient handoffs and interactions with colleagues. Negative student comments focused on perceived deficiencies in session planning and standardized patient training.
Conclusions: This rapidly developed simulation session demonstrated that clinical training in patient handoffs can be adapted to an online environment. In order to ensure success, faculty should carefully consider logistical adjustments required to transition from a patient contact setting to an online environment. Meticulous preparation and attention to detail will ensure that training is successful.
Assessing Shariah Disclosure in Pakistan: The Case of Islamic Banks
Authors: Ismail Muhammad , Jan Shafiullah , Ullah Karim
Published: October 2020

The foundation of Islamic banking and finance is based on the Islamic law of business transactions/ muamlat, which also confines to the moral and ethical codes of Islam. Also, the involvement of Shariah and Islamic ethics in the governance structure of Islamic banks gives rise to a special kind of disclosure issue called Shariah disclosure. The literature suggests, that stakeholders, including customers and shareholders, use Shariah disclose as core criteria to direct their transactions with Islamic Banking Institutions (IBIs). However, the available disclosure indices in the established literature are not insufficient for assessing Shariah disclosure of the IBIs. The present research study attempts to assess the level of Shariah disclosure of five full-fledged Islamic banks in Pakistan. For this purpose, the study developed Shariah Disclosure Index (ShDI). ShDI will be used as the basis upon the disclosure requirements of State Bank of Pakistan (SBP), Accounting and Auditing Organizations for Islamic Financial Institutions (AAOIFI), and Islamic business reporting literature. A survey design is used to collect the data for ShDI constructs by utilizing annual reports of the five full-fledged banks from the year of 2015 until 2017. The findings disclosed that the Shariah disclosure in Pakistani Islamic banks is satisfactory i.e., near 70% compared 30% Shariah disclosure of the foreign Islamic banks operating in Pakistan. It is appreciable that all the Islamic banks, particularly Pakistani Islamic banks, disclosing about 80%-90% of the SBP mandatory and AAOIFI recommended Shariah disclosure items. While, disclosure of the voluntary Shariah disclosure items are still very low i.e. 15%. It is also noted that the Shariah disclosure level was gradually improving which portrays in the increment of the average Shariah disclosure level in 2017 compared to2015. The research provides a benchmark and indicator for all stakeholders who are making their investment and business decisions In addition, the study is equally important for IBIs to comply with ShDI to ensure full Shariah disclosure in order to attract new investors, religiously excluded investors, and protect the ideological stance and religious commitments of the existing customers as well.
Incorporation of essential oils into pumpkin oil cake-based materials in order to improve their properties and reduce water sensitivity
Authors: Bulut Sandra , Popovic Senka , Hromis Nevena , Suput Danijela , Adamovic Dusan , Lazic Vera
Published: October 2020

Biopolymer-based materials present good alternatives for synthetic materials. However, their high water sensitivity may limit their usage for food products packaging. Addition of hydrophobic components into the material formulation could improve this property. In this work 3, 4 and 5 % (v/v) of Satureja montana or Ocimum basilicum essential oil was incorporated into biopolymer films based on pumpkin oil cake. The obtained materials were analyzed regarding mechanical, physicochemical, barrier and structural properties. Incorporation of the essential oils increased the thickness of the pumpkin oil cake film. Significant reductions in moisture sensitivity, related to physicochemical properties and water vapor transmission rate (almost for 30 %), were observed (p < 0.05). Improvement of light barrier properties was also observed so that the visible light transmission was decreased for around 50 % while the UV light transmission was lower than 1 %. The obtained FTIR spectra confirmed the presence of added essential oils in pumpkin oil cake films, as well as their influence on the reduction in the film surface hydrophilicity. However, mechanical properties, tensile strength and elongation at break, decreased significantly (p < 0.05). These results suggest that incorporation of Satureja montana or Ocimum basilicum essential oil improved barrier properties of pumpkin oil cake-based films and reduced the film affinity toward water.
Prediction of heating load fluctuation based on fuzzy information granulation and support vector machine
Authors: Wang Tao , Ma Tingyu , Yan Dongsong , Song Jing , Hu Jianshuo , Zhang Guiyong , Zhuang Yuhan
Published: October 2020

District heating systems are an important part of the future smart energy system and are seen as a tool to achieve energy efficiency goals in the EU. In order to achieve the real sense of heating on demand, based on historical heating load data, first of all, the heating load time series data was dealing with fuzzy information granulation, and then the cross-validation was used to explore the advantages of the data potential. Then the support vector machine regression prediction model was used for the prediction of the granulation data, finally, the heating load of a district heating system is simulated and verified. The simulation results show that the prediction model can effectively predict the trend of heating load, and provide a theoretical basis for the prediction of district heating load.
Study on the oxidation and heating characteristics of residual coal in goafs under different air-leakage conditions
Authors: Zuo Qiuling , Wang Yujie , Li Jingshan
Published: October 2020

The spontaneous combustion of broken coal is one of the main causes for mine safety accidents in goafs. To determine the effect of different air-leakage conditions on the spontaneous combustion of leftover coal, the air-leakage passage of the goaf was designed based on the principle of Sudoku grid in an inflammable coal seam. The temperature rise during the auto-ignition oxidation of coal was studied using a self-built experimental platform. By changing the air-flow rate, the laws of the change in the oxygen consumption rate and the heat release intensity with the coal temperature were analyzed. Results show that the oxygen consumption rate had three obvious peaks at 48?C, 75?C, and 105?C, respectively. Above 80?C, spontaneously combustion of the experimental coal samples began. The exothermic intensity increased exponentially with the rise of temperature. Furthermore, an exponential relationship was observed between the air supply at the working face and the spontaneous combustion of broken coal in the goaf. In addition, the increase in air supply in the fully-mechanized mining face increased the width of the oxidation zone.
Fault diagnosis analysis and health management of thermal performance of multi-source data fusion equipment based on fog computing model
Authors: Wang Miao , Zhang Zhenming , Xie Yun , Si Can , Li Long , Chen Yanxi , Zhai Bo
Published: October 2020

Waste heat boiler will be restricted by the exhaust parameters of gas turbine, at the same time, it will affect the thermal characteristics of steam side, and its flue gas resistance will directly affect the power and efficiency of gas turbine cycle, which will have an important impact on the efficiency of combined cycle system. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor the running status of the equipment in time, identify the early signs of faults, and make accurate judgments on fault location, fault degree and development trend, so as to improve the reliability and availability of the unit. The thermal system is the main part of thermal power plant production, so the fault diagnosis of this part is particularly important. In this paper, a method of thermal performance fault diagnosis and health management for multi-source data fusion equipment based on fog computing model is proposed. Using the theory of multi-source data fusion analysis, the qualitative values of the parameters of the fog computing model are marked, and the causes of the failure of the failure variables are obtained. Complete the fault subspace identification, and comprehensively evaluate the equipment status according to multi-attribute decision. This method is conducive to the accurate identification of early faults and the accurate judgment of fault degree and fault trend
Numerical study on aerothermal performance of shroud movement in the vivinity of turbine tips
Authors: Zhang Yunsong , Liu Yongbao , Li Yujie , Li Qijie
Published: October 2020

In this paper, the effects of shroud movement on transonic flow and heat transfer in the vicinity of turbine tip was studied by using 3-D simulation of GE-E3 first-stage high pressure turbine. Aerothermal performance and flow structure were analyzed with and without turbine shroud moving, respectively. Based on the distribution of limiting streamlines and the vortex structures, the influential characteristics between the leakage flow and the secondary flow generated by shroud movement were studied. Moreover, the coefficient of heat transfer at the wall was investigated. Results show that the flow structure is changing with the movement of turbine shroud, and the location of the separation-line changes significantly by the influence of the secondary flow. The leakage vortex initial location delayed in axial direction and its breakdown point located at 65% cross-section. This accelerates the mixing loss and increase the perturbation. In addition, it is observed that the coefficient of average heat transfer is increased obviously by 54.8% in the region of shroud surface. However, this coefficient in the region of suction surface decreased by 11.9%.
Combustion characteristics of and bench test on a mixture of gasoline and alternative fuel
Authors: Du Zhibin , Chen Chao , Wang Lei
Published: October 2020

In this study, an evaporative premixed constant-volume combustion system was designed for the combustion of liquid fuels, compared with a traditional constant-volume firebomb. The effects of an alternative fuel to gasoline on the combustion characteristics of the laminar flame of gasoline were analyzed, and a bench test was subsequently carried out. The results showed that the addition of the alternative fuel made the maximum non-stretched flame propagation velocity of combusting gasoline increasingly close to that of combusting diluted mixed gas. The Markstein lengths of gasoline and a mixture of gasoline and an alternative fuel became shorter with a higher equivalence ratio, and flame combustion was increasingly unstable. The laminar combustion velocity of the mixture rose before declining as the equivalence ratio increased. According to the results of the bench test, adding 20% of the alternative fuel into gasoline had little impact on the power performance and fuel consumption of the engine, but it reduced HC emissions by 25% and CO emissions by 67%.
Application and effect analysis of heating system based on tri-network joint regulation and control technology
Authors: Zhang Yanxi
Published: October 2020

In recent years, the state promotes intelligent heating and clean heating, which aims to achieve energy saving, emission reduction, cost reduction and efficiency, and improve the social and economic benefits of heating enterprises on the premise of ensuring the heat demand of the terminal heat users of the heating system. This paper first introduces the current situation of the heating system, analyzes the main problems and causes of the current heating system, and then analyzes the practical application and operation data of the three-network joint control technology of the heating system independently developed by Jilin Yuheng Industrial Electric Co., Ltd in Changchun Lianhuashan Thermal Power Co., Ltd., and finally comes to the conclusion that the application of this technology makes the heating system energy-saving effect is remarkable. It can adapt to all kinds of complex heating systems and has good market prospect and application value.
InsB9-23 Gene Transfer to Hepatocyte-Based Combined Therapy Abrogates Recurrence of Type 1 Diabetes After Islet Transplantation
Authors: Russo Fabio , Citro Antonio , Squeri Giorgia , Sanvito Francesca , Monti Paolo , Gregori Silvia , Roncarolo Maria Grazia , Annoni Andrea
Published: October 2020

The induction of antigen (Ag)-specific tolerance represents a therapeutic option for autoimmune diabetes. We demonstrated that administration of a lentiviral vector enabling expression of insulin B chain 9-23 (InsB9-23) (LV.InsB) in hepatocytes arrests β-cell destruction in prediabetic NOD mice by generating InsB9-23–specific FoxP3+ T regulatory cells (Tregs). LV.InsB in combination with a suboptimal dose of anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody (combined therapy [CT], 1 × 5 μg [CT5]) reverts diabetes and prevents recurrence of autoimmunity after islet transplantation in ∼50% of NOD mice. We investigated whether CT optimization could lead to abrogation of recurrence of autoimmunity. Therefore, alloislets were transplanted after optimized CT tolerogenic conditioning (1 × 25 μg [CT25]). Diabetic NOD mice conditioned with CT25 when glycemia was <500 mg/dL remained normoglycemic for 100 days after alloislet transplantation and displayed reduced insulitis, but independently from the graft. Accordingly, cured mice showed T-cell unresponsiveness to InsB9-23 stimulation and increased Treg frequency in islet infiltration and pancreatic lymph nodes. Additional studies revealed a complex mechanism of Ag-specific immune regulation driven by CT25, in which both Tregs and PDL1 costimulation cooperate to control diabetogenic cells, while transplanted islets play a crucial role, although transient, recruiting diabetogenic cells. Therefore, CT25 before alloislet transplantation represents an Ag-specific immunotherapy to resolve autoimmune diabetes in the presence of residual endogenous β-cell mass.
Central Regulation of Branched-Chain Amino Acids Is Mediated by AgRP Neurons
Authors: Gannaban Ritchel B. , NamKoong Cherl , Ruiz Henry H. , Choi Hyung Jin , Shin Andrew C.
Published: October 2020

Circulating branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) are elevated in obesity and diabetes, and recent studies support a causal role for BCAAs in insulin resistance and defective glycemic control. The physiological mechanisms underlying BCAA regulation are poorly understood. Here we show that insulin signaling in the mediobasal hypothalamus (MBH) of rats is mandatory for lowering plasma BCAAs, most probably by inducing hepatic BCAA catabolism. Insulin receptor deletion only in agouti-related protein (AgRP)–expressing neurons (AgRP neurons) in the MBH impaired hepatic BCAA breakdown and suppression of plasma BCAAs during hyperinsulinemic clamps in mice. In support of this, chemogenetic stimulation of AgRP neurons in the absence of food significantly raised plasma BCAAs and impaired hepatic BCAA degradation. A prolonged fasting or ghrelin treatment recapitulated designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs–induced activation of AgRP neurons and increased plasma BCAAs. Acute stimulation of vagal motor neurons in the dorsal motor nucleus was sufficient to decrease plasma BCAAs. Notably, elevated plasma BCAAs were associated with impaired glucose homeostasis. These findings suggest a critical role of insulin signaling in AgRP neurons for BCAA regulation and raise the possibility that this control may be mediated primarily via vagal outflow. Furthermore, our results provide an opportunity to closely examine the potential mechanistic link between central nervous system–driven BCAA control and glucose homeostasis.
Small Amounts of Dietary Medium-Chain Fatty Acids Protect Against Insulin Resistance During Caloric Excess in Humans
Authors: Lundsgaard Anne-Marie , Fritzen Andreas M. , Sjøberg Kim A. , Kleinert Maximilian , Richter Erik A. , Kiens Bente
Published: October 2020

Medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs) have in rodents been shown to have protective effects on glucose homeostasis during high-fat overfeeding. In this study, we investigated whether dietary MCFAs protect against insulin resistance induced by a hypercaloric high-fat diet in humans. Healthy, lean men ingested a eucaloric control diet and a 3-day hypercaloric high-fat diet (increase of 75% in energy, 81–83% energy [E%] from fat) in randomized order. For one group (n = 8), the high-fat diet was enriched with saturated long-chain FAs (LCSFA-HFD), while the other group (n = 9) ingested a matched diet, but with ∼30 g (5E%) saturated MCFAs (MCSFA-HFD) in substitution for a corresponding fraction of the saturated long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs). A hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp with femoral arteriovenous balance and glucose tracer was applied after the control and hypercaloric diets. In LCSFA-HFD, whole-body insulin sensitivity and peripheral insulin-stimulated glucose disposal were reduced. These impairments were prevented in MCSFA-HFD, accompanied by increased basal fatty acid oxidation, maintained glucose metabolic flexibility, increased nonoxidative glucose disposal related to lower starting glycogen content, and increased glycogen synthase activity, together with increased muscle lactate production. In conclusion, substitution of a small amount of dietary LCFAs with MCFAs rescues insulin action in conditions of lipid-induced energy excess.
Small amounts of dietary medium-chain fatty acids protect against insulin resistance during caloric excess in humans
Authors: Admin Ada , Lundsgaard Anne-Marie , Fritzen Andreas M. , Sjøberg Kim. A. , Kleinert Maximilian , Richter Erik A. , Kiens Bente
Published: October 2020

Medium-chain
fatty acids (MCFAs) have in rodents been shown to have protective effects on
glucose homeostasis during high-fat overfeeding. In this study, we investigated
whether dietary MCFAs protect against insulin resistance induced by a hypercaloric
high-fat diet in humans. Healthy, lean men ingested a eucaloric control diet
and a three-day hypercaloric high-fat diet (+75% energy, 81-83E% fat) in
randomized order. For one group (n=8), the high-fat diet was enriched with saturated
long-chain FAs (LCSFA-HFD), while the other group (n=9) ingested a matched diet,
but with ~30 g (5E%) saturated MCFAs (MCSFA-HFD) in substitution for a corresponding
fraction of the saturated LCFAs. A hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp with
femoral arteriovenous balance and glucose tracer was applied after the control
and hypercaloric diets. In LCSFA-HFD, whole body insulin sensitivity and peripheral
insulin-stimulated glucose disposal were reduced. These impairments were prevented
in MCSFA-HFD, accompanied by increased basal FA oxidation, maintained glucose metabolic
flexibility, increased non-oxidative glucose disposal related to lower starting
glycogen content and increased glycogen synthase activity, together with increased
muscle lactate production. In conclusion, substitution of a small amount of
dietary LCFAs with MCFAs rescues insulin action in conditions of lipid-induced energy
excess.
Zaman Gecikmeli Elektrik Güç Sistemlerinin Gecikmeye Bağlı Kararlılık Bölgelerinin Hesaplanması
Authors: SÖNMEZ Şahin , AYASUN Saffet
Published: October 2020

Bu çalışma, bir özdeğer izleme yöntemi kullanarak güç sistem dengeleyici (GSD) ve otomatik gerilim regülatörü (OGR) içeren zaman gecikmeli jeneratör uyarma kontrol sisteminin zaman gecikmeleri düzleminde kararlılık bölgesini elde etmeyi ve zaman gecikmesine bağlı kararlılık analizini incelemektedir. Elektrik güç sistemlerinde gerilim ve frekans kararlılığının sürdürülmesi bakımından haberleşme alt yapısına ve ölçme sistemlerine ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Ancak, haberleşme alt yapısı ve ölçme sistemlerinden dolayı sistemin dinamik davranışını ve kararlılığını olumsuz etkileyen zaman gecikmeleri meydana gelmektedir. Bu çalışmada, jeneratör uyarma kontrol sisteminin durum denklem modellerini kullanarak özdeğerlerini ve bu özdeğerlere karşılık gelen zaman gecikmesi değerlerini belirleyen bir yöntem kullanılmıştır. Ayrıca, bu gecikme değerleri kullanılarak gecikmeye bağlı bir kararlılık bölgesi elde edilmiştir. Kararlılık analizleri için, GSD ve OGR içeren tek makineli sonsuz baralı (TMSB) bir güç sistemi seçilmiştir. Gecikmeye bağlı kararlılık bölgelerinin doğruluğu, zaman düzleminde gerçekleştirilen benzetim çalışmaları ve zaman gecikmeli sistemlerin köklerini kompleks düzlemde hesaplayan QPmR (the quasi-polynomial mapping-based root finder) algoritması ile gösterilmiştir.
HINDCAST AND OPERATIONAL FORECASTING SYSTEM OF HYDROMETEOROLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR THE SEA OF AZOV AND KERCH STRAIT
Authors:   Zubov State Oceanographic Institute, Diansky N.A. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State Universit,   Marchuk Institute of Numerical Mathematics, Fomin V.V. ,   Zubov State Oceanographic Institute,   Marchuk Institute of Numerical Mathematics, Korshenko E.A. ,   Zubov State Oceanographic Institute, Kabatchenko I.M. ,   Zubov State Oceanographic Institute,   Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology
Published: October 2020

The paper presents Marine Hindcast and Forecasts System (MHFS) of hydrometeorological and ice characteristics for the Sea of Azov and Kerch Strait. It is being developed at the Federal State Budgetary Institution “N.N. Zubov State Oceanographic Institute” (FSBI “SOI”). The main components of this system include regional models of the atmosphere, marine circulation, dynamics-thermodynamics of ice cover and wind waves. For the Sea of Azov and Kerch Strait, marine circulation models of the MHFS were implemented with a high spatial resolution (500 m and 120–200 m for the Sea of Azov and the Kerch Strait marine circulation models respectively and 100 m for the Kerch Strait wind waves mode). The MHFS allows both hindcast calculations and operational analyzes and forecasts of hydrometeorological conditions in the study areas. Additionally, this system allows to obtain an almost complete list of hydrometeorological characteristics which are necessary for solving practical problems in planning economic or recreational activities, organizing navigation, warning of hazardous events, planning operations in case of emergencies, etc. For the Sea of Azov, the MHFS was implemented in cooperation with the Federal State Budgetary Institution “North-Caucasian Administration for Hydrometeorology and Environmental monitoring” (FSBI “North-Caucasian AHEM”). In 2019 the system was recommended for the practical implementation by the Roshydromet Central Methodical Commission on Hydrometeorological and Heliogeophysical Forecasts. The Kerch Strait MHFS is being implemented in cooperation with the Federal State Budget Educational Institution of Higher Education “Admiral F.F. Ushakov” and now at the stage of tests and accumulation of the forecast database for the purpose of their subsequent verification using hydrological buoy data, calibration of models’ parameters and increasing the accuracy of the obtained results. The Kerch Strait MHFS results are planned to be used for navigation in the Kerch Strait.
USE OF SENTINEL-2 SATELLITE DATA TO ASSESS RUNNING EVENTS IN THE DON DELTA
Authors:   South Federal University, Gabova V.N. , Arkhipova O.E. ,   South Federal University,   Federal Scientific Center Southern Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
Published: October 2020

Drifting phenomena pose a significant threat to human life and the economy. The estuary of the Don is an ideal testing ground for surge phenomena. The largest surges can reach 2.8 m at the sea edge of the Don delta, the largest surges – 3.3 m. In addition, this area is highly urbanized and has great economic importance. The work is devoted to the use of Sentinel 2 satellite imagery data to assess the areas of drainage of the bottom of the Taganrog Bay and the sea part of the Don delta as a result of wind-driven phenomena. The paper considers the period from 2015 to 2020. The study of surges and overshoots in the mouth area of the Don River is based on observational data of the standard hydrometeorological network of Roshydromet. A combination of spectral channels has been determined, which allows to clearly distinguish the water-land boundary. The main research methods are the method of classification with training, which allows you to identify the most characteristic classes of objects. To assess the quality of the classification carried out, the classification accuracy was assessed using the inconsistency matrix, which confirmed the validity of the method. As a result of the classification carried out, the areas of bottom drying were calculated. The dependence of the bottom drainage value on the speed and duration of northeast and east winds is shown. Analysis of the data showed that a combination of satellite information, meteorological data and data from level gauges is required to monitor the overshoot phenomenon. This publication was prepared as part of the GZ SSC RAS, № g. project 01201363188
METHODS AND TECHNOLOGIES FOR AERIAL SURVEYING AND GROUND PHOTOGRAMMETRIC SURVEYS FOR ARCHAEOLOGICAL PURPOSES
Authors:   Moscow State University of Geodesy and Cartography (MIIGAiK), Moscow, Russia, Kurkov V.M. , Skripitsina T.N. ,   Moscow State University of Geodesy and Cartography (MIIGAiK), Moscow, Russia, Sozonova A.Yu. ,   Moscow State University of Geodesy and Cartography (MIIGAiK), Moscow, Russia
Published: October 2020

This article we consider methods and technologies of unmanned aerial surveying and close-range photogrammetric survey as applied for archeological research. We summed up the practical experience of the specialists of the Moscow State University of Geodesy and Cartography (MIIGAiK), obtained with the participation in the Bosporus archaeological expedition of the State Historical Museum on the Taman Peninsula in 2018–20. During the 3 expeditions, 18 archaeological sites were surveyed by aerial methods using UAV Geoscan 101 Geodesy and UAS DJI Phantom 4 Pro. In addition to aerial surveying, the Canon 30D digital camera with 50 mm and 14 mm focal lengths was used for groundbased, close-range photogrammetric surveys of archaeological sites. Some sites were surveyed many times during different periods of archaeological research. At all surveyed archaeological sites using photogrammetric processing methods at the Agisoft Metashape software we received survey documents (orthophoto, digital terrain models, 3D models). For some artifacts, three-dimensional metric models have been obtained using digital photogrammetry methods. Various methods of aerial surveying were used to study archaeological sites. The article gives recommendations on optimization of photography process in order to obtain reliable and informative documents for archaeological excavations. Comparison and analysis of aerial and close-range survey data was performed by the QGIS geographic information system. The information obtained using geo-information technologies will improve the quality and reliability of forecasts and hypotheses in archaeological studies.
SPACE RADAR SYSTEMS OF EARTH MONITORING
Authors:   Moscow State University of Geodesy and Cartography (MIIGAiK), Nafieva E.N. , Grechishchev A.V. ,   Moscow State University of Geodesy and Cartography (MIIGAiK)
Published: October 2020

This article explores the relevance of radar sensing methods. The principles of its operation and the advantages of use are considered: the independence of obtaining images from weather conditions and the time of day, the possibility of wide viewing at long ranges with high resolution and the flexibility of controlling and changing radar parameters, which allows you to vary the position and size of the viewing area, resolution and forms of information. In addition, the main satellite radar systems were considered: satellites of the European Space Agency ERS-1,2 and ENVISAT; Canadian satellites of MDA Radarsat-1,2; satellites launched by the German Aerospace Center (DLR) and the leading European space company Airbus DS-TerraSAR-X, TanDEM-X; Spanish satellite PAZ; Japanese satellites ALOS and ALOS-2; Italian constellation of Cosmo-SkyMed satellites; Indian satellite RISAT-1; English satellite NovaSAR-1; Finnish ICEYE satellites; Korean satellite KOMPSAT-5, Chinese satellite Huan Jing 1C, European satellites Sentinel-1 (A, B) and Russian satellites Condor. Also in this article are considered radar spacecraft planned to launch, namely: the second generation of Italian satellites COSMO-SkyMed – CSG – 2; 2 spacecraft ICEYE (Finland); 4 X-band radar satellites SuperView (China); 2 radar satellites Zhuhai (China); ALOS-4 JAXA (Japan); KOMPSAT-6 (Korea), 3 radar spacecraft of the IRS constellation (India), SAOCOM (Argentina), Russian-made satellites Obzor-P1 and Kondor-FKA, in addition, ROSKOSMOS plans to create a space complex that includes an orbital constellation of 6 small-sized spacecraft for radar observation
CONSORTS MONITORING IN ECOSYSTEM: PLANT – PHYTOPATHOGENS – SOIL SAPROTROPHES
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Agrarian University, Novosibirsk, Toropova E.Yu. ,   All-Russian Research Institute of Phytopathology, r.p. Big Vyazemy, Moscow region, Vorobyova I.G. ,   Central Siberian Botanical Garden SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Trunov R.I. ,   Novosibirsk State Agrarian University, Novosibirsk, Piskarev V.V. ,   Research Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk
Published: October 2020

Monitoring studies were carried out according to generally accepted methods in the northern forest-steppe of West Siberia in 2019–2020, using the varieties collection of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS. Studies have shown that the genotypes of spring wheat varieties had a significant impact on the functioning of the “plant-phytopathogensaprotrophs” system. The parasitic activity of phytopathogens (Bipolaris sorokiniana Sacc. Shoem., Fusarium spp. Link.) differed in the varietal groups to 43.6 %. Varieties of Asian origin (China, India, Kazakhstan, Syria) were most affected by the root infections, Australian varieties were least affected by phytopathogens, due to the chemical composition of root exudates, which suppressed the number of parasitic and saprotrophic microorganisms. Varietal secretions of the wheat plants roots regulated the number of saprotrophic rhizospheric microorganisms. The share of the influence of the “variety” factor on the number of saprotrophic soil microorganisms was 24.3 % and was reliable at a 1 % level. The most sensitive to the composition and number of root exudates of wheat plants turned out to be bacteria of various trophic groups, the most resistant were micromycetes. In comparison with the background indices of non-rhizospheric soil, the number of cellulosolytic bacteria increased up to 3 times (West European varieties), bacteria consuming organic nitrogen – up to 5.6 times (Asian varieties), consumers of organic nitrogen forms – up to 2.9 times (West European varieties), oligonitrophilic bacteria – up to 12.7 times (Siberian varieties). Varieties far from the region of the study (Australia, Africa, America) exerted a repressive effect on the trophic groups of microorganisms, reducing their number in comparison with indicators of non-rhizospheric soil.
REDUCING THE ROAD TRANSPORT’S INFLUENCE ON THE ENVIRONMENT BY OPTIMIZING TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT
Authors:   Kazan Federal University (Naberezhnye Chelny Institute), Yakupova G.A. , Makarova I.V. ,   Kazan Federal University (Naberezhnye Chelny Institute), Gubacheva L.A. ,   Lugansk Vladimir Dahl National University, Buyvol P.A. ,   Kazan Federal University (Naberezhnye Chelny Institute), Magdin K.A. ,   Kazan Federal University (Naberezhnye Chelny Institute), Parsin G.A. ,   Kazan Federal University (Naberezhnye Chelny Institute)
Published: October 2020

The state’s transport system, which ensures the movement of goods and people, is an essential component of its economy, but at the same time one of the main sources of negative environmental impact. The main task of designing, creating and maintaining the transport systems’ sustainability in urban areas is to address their safety, reliability and environmental friendliness. The urbanized territory parameters (size, layout, etc.) have a significant impact on the any activity’s development, including transport and logistics. By analysing the influence of various factors on the transport system’s sustainability and identifying common patterns, it is possible to build rational management of the transport system and increase its reliability and security. The article is devoted to the motor transports’ environmental problems in small cities, where it is impossible to apply large and expensive solutions. The study’s goal is to develop tools for organizing traffic in the conditions of the vehicles fleet rapid growth. To this end, we have proposed an intelligent traffic control system, the intellectual core of which is simulation models of road network problem areas. Using specific examples, it is shown that in some cases there is no need to apply expensive solutions to reduce the negative vehicles impact on the environment’s ecological state, and, often, rational management can lead to the desired result. Performing a computer experiment on the constructed simulation models showed that there is considerable potential for improving the traffic flows parameters in these areas and reducing the negative impact on the environment.
ECONOMIC AND LEGAL SUPPORT ECOLOGIZATION OF THE AGRO-INDUSTRIAL SECTOR COUNTRY CODE
Authors:   Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Moscow, Kovalchuk A.P.
Published: October 2020

The article analyzes the current problems of ecologization of the agro-industrial complex of Russia, substantiates the great potential for the development of organic agriculture in our country. In recent years, a number of legislative acts have been adopted aimed at solving some of the problems of domestic production and sale of organic products. For the long-term development of the industry, the “strategy for the development of the agro-industrial and fisheries complex until 2030” has been adopted. Among the goals of the strategy: the introduction of a national system of environmental certification of fisheries and industries, as well as the solution of such problems as falsification of environmentally friendly products and legal support for relations in the field of production of environmentally friendly products. The results of scientific research show that despite the adopted legal acts, the production of organic products in Russia is only at the initial stage of its development. Our country is far from the first place in the world rankings in terms of the level of development of ecologization of agriculture. In our opinion, one of the reasons for the low level of development of organic agriculture in the Russian Federation is the lack of development of the system of state regulation in this area. Therefore, the state should soon devote all its efforts to the formation of a sufficient regulatory framework that is harmonized with international requirements for the production of organic products and takes into account the need to create certification institutions and control systems. The article suggests promising directions for the development of agriculture, focused on improving the previously mentioned strategy in order to more effectively support organic farmers and solve socio-economic problems in rural areas.
ON THE ISSUE OF ASSESSING THE ENVIRONMENTAL AND ECONOMIC INDICATORS OF THE COASTAL REGIONS OF THE ROSTOV REGION AND KRASNODAR REGION
Authors:   Federal Research Centre The Southern Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Mesropyan K.E. , Sheverdyaev I.V. ,   Federal Research Centre The Southern Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: October 2020

The article proposes to consider the results of the implementation of the procedure for assessing the comparative ecological and economic efficiency of municipal districts in two regions – Krasnodar Region and Rostov Region. The author’s technique is based on the data envelopment analysis with checking the initial statistical data to meet the requirements of this type of analysis. The criterion for dividing the objects of assessment into effective and ineffective is defined as the product of the vector of the set of the above indicators and the vector of coefficients. The weight vector is unknown in a linear programming problem. The resulting system of relative assessments reflects the level of efficiency for each of the compared districts which is the highest possible, provided that its production capabilities are limited by the indicators of the entire assessed population of district. As a result of meeting the requirements for the initial data, calculations of the comparative technological efficiency of 80 municipal districts were performed. According to the calculations (using the DEAP program), the average value of the comparative technological efficiency of municipal districts was 0.67. The coastal areas of the Krasnodar region received estimates close to the average value, the coastal areas of the Rostov region showed better results.
TO MODELING OF SPATIAL PROCESSES ON TRIANGULATION GRIDS
Authors:   Kuban State University, Krasnodar, Russia, Domasevich M.A. , Pavlova A.V. ,   Kuban State University, Krasnodar, Russia, Rubtsov S.E. ,   Kuban State University, Krasnodar, Russia
Published: October 2020

Using of triangulation grids as a discrete space for constructing cellular automaton models is very promising. Approximation of the landscape surface and applying of cellular automata on the resulting triangulation grid simulating various physical processes, such as floods, floods, fires, landslides, etc., will allow for more accurate modeling in connection with the ability to use landscape features. The authors demonstrated an approach to the construction of triangulation gratings approximating for real fragments of the terrain. They developed mesh generation algorithms based on height maps. This allows us to simulate and test the operation of cellular automata on arbitrary surfaces of landscape type. For building unique cellular automata within specific models for given conditions and computational domains, we developed software to generate triangulation grids from height maps, the main format of which was selected.PNG format in grayscale. Such grid can approximate the selected surface with the necessary accuracy, thereby allowing the use of the geometry features of the modeled object in a mathematical model, the implementation of which is a cellular automata with specified transition rules. The authors created a cellular automaton that simulates the process of liquid spill on a given surface of a landscape type. Means of visualizing the operation of the CA and collecting statistics allow us to evaluate the results of the model.
APPLICATION OF MATHEMATICAL METHODS TO THE SOLUTION OF THE PROBLEM OF DETERMINING THE PROCEDURE FOR CHOOSING ENVIRONMENTAL ACTIONS WHEN CLOSING MINES UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF LIMITED FINANCING
Authors:   Donetsk National Technical University, Donetsk, Donetsk People’s Republic, Pavlysh V.N. , Kazakova E. ,   Donetsk National Technical University, Donetsk, Donetsk People’s Republic
Published: October 2020

The methodology for determining the procedure for environmental protection on the basis of a matrix representation of the conditions of the problem and the application of mathematical methods of information processing is substantiated. An algorithm is proposed for establishing the procedure for environmental protection during the closure of coal mines with limited funding. When mines are closed, environmental legislation provides for the implementation of a number of important technical measures ensuring the preservation of the environment in the zone of influence of the enterprise. A method is proposed that is based on determining the degree of risk of each environmental hazard factor, which allows one to “rank” environmental measures according to their “rank”. The main aspects of the negative environmental impact of densely populated mining regions are identified. The degree of environmental risk, from the point of view of using it to establish the frequency of environmental protection measures, is a criterial factor, determined on the basis of collegial decision-making by all interested participants in the process. The numerical characteristics that form the basis for decision making are determined. To assess the degree of environmental risk, the data of expert assessments are presented in the form of a matrix, which allows us to formalize the decision-making process on the frequency of environmental protection measures. In the process of forming a matrix of expert rating estimates, all indicators that determine the degree of environmental risk are taken into account. Moreover, among the indicators there are those that have a physical nature and are measured by physical quantities, and those that have a logical essence and are characterized as “yes” or “no”
MODELLING THE PROCESS OF SALTWATER PENETRATION FROM THE TAGANROG BAY AT THE MOUTH OF THE DON
Authors:   Federal Research Center Southern Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Rostov-on-Don, Russia, Chikin A.L. , Chikina L.G. ,   South Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
Published: October 2020

The description of a complex mathematical model of the flow and distribution of salt in an open riverbed is given. We consider the channel of the Don River, consisting of the Stary Don and the main channel. Salt is delivered through the host reservoir, the Taganrog Bay. The model is described by the system of Saint-Venant equations and the convectiondiffusion equation. The problem is solved by finite-difference methods. The results of a numerical study of the influence of the water surface level in the Taganrog Bay on the nature of the flow in the delta part of the Don, as well as on the degree of salt penetration upstream of the river, are obtained. It has been numerically established that the flow rate does not significantly affect the salt concentration in the main Don channel. Computational experiments have shown that the decisive factor in the supply of saline water from the Taganrog Bay to the Don Delta is a significant increase in the water level due to extreme wind surges, and the preceding runoffs further enhance this effect. The presented model gives an idea of the general trend in the development of the process of possible salinization of the Don Delta with surge phenomena.
PENGARUH GLUKOSA DAN JAHE MERAH TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK MINUMAN PROBIOTIK DARI KULIT NANAS MADU
Authors: Rizal Samsul , Suharyono Suharyono , Nurainy Fibra , Merliyanisa Merliyanisa
Published: October 2020

The availability of sufficient energy sources to grow lactic acid bacteria and spices addition can influence probiotic drinks' characteristics. This study aimed to study the effect of glucose and red ginger extract on honey pineapple skin probiotic drinks' characteristics. This study used a Complete Randomized Block Design (RCBD) with two factors. The first factor was glucose concentration, namely 1%, 2%, 3%, and 4% w/v, while the second factor was the concentration of red ginger extract, namely 0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, and 5% (v/v). The data were analyzed using variance analysis (ANOVA), and the differences between means were determined using the orthogonal polynomials. The results showed that glucose increased total lactic acid bacteria and pH, but decreased the preference score of taste, color, and overall reception, but did not affect those of honey pineapple probiotic juice extract's aroma. The red ginger extract increased the taste, aroma, color, and overall acceptance scores, but did not affect the pH and total lactic acid bacteria of pineapple probiotic drinks. The best probiotic drink was from 2% glucose, and 3% red ginger extract, which had 1.3 x 109 colony lactic acid bacteria /mL; total lactic acid 0.63%; pH 3.69; somewhat like the taste, somewhat like the aroma; and somewhat like overall reception.Keywords: glucose, honey pineapple peel, lactic acid bacteria, probiotic beverage, red ginger