bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Design of modular removable road pavement slabs for the agro-industrial complex
Authors: Shevchenko Sergey , Ukolov Sergey , Simonov Dmitry , Trepalin Vladimir , Yustikova Liliya
Published: June 2020

The article deals with the justification for the design of a modular removable road pavement plate (slab) intended for high-speed construction of road sections and access roads to various objects of agricultural infrastructure under difficult off-road conditions. The proposed designs can be widely used in the rehabilitation of motor roads in the agricultural areas of eliminating the consequences of natural calamities, accidents and disasters in transport communications, at agricultural industry facilities, as well as for the deployment of road service enterprises.
Preparation of modified oil road bitumen
Authors: Karimov Oleg , Shakulikova Gulzada , Ishmukhamedova Nasima , Karimov Eduard
Published: June 2020

The aim of this work is to study the possibility of developing oil road bitumen by goudron oxidation of mixed base oils with the softening temperature of 24 °C from the Martyshi and Mangistau deposits using vacuum residue of more than 450 °C of highly resinous oil from the Karazhanbas deposit of the Republic of Kazakhstan as an additive, elemental sulfur modifier and induction moments. Karazhanbas oil has a high content of oil tars (24.18 % wt.) and asphaltenes (4.85 % wt.). The oxidation of goudron and vacuum residue of highly resinous oil was carried out in a bubble reactor when thermostating at 200 - 210 °С, specific air consumption of 1.8 – 2 l/min·kg. The oxidation process of the feedstock was completed when the viscosity of bitumen was reached by the ring-andball method of 32-35 °C. Oil bitumen was obtained with the following technological characteristics: penetration at 25 °C 105 mm, melting point 51 °C, tensibility at 25 °C 67 cm, flash point 230 °C, brittle temperature minus 15 °C.
Simulation of the evacuation process at various economic facilities using the Anylogic software product
Authors: Avdeeva Marina , Uzun Oleg , Borodkina Yulia
Published: June 2020

The article deals with the problem of evacuation of people in case of emergency situations. Modeling of the process of evacuation of people from premises is quite new and one of the most promising tools for planning the organization of pedestrian flows in emergency situations, for predicting problems arising during the evacuation of people, and ultimately for saving human lives. The experimental model was developed using the AnyLogic simulation tool. An office space was chosen as the object of research, where the evacuation mode was simulated and the experiment was conducted. The average evacuation time of each person and the total exit time, as well as the intensity of the human flow at the entrance and exit of the building are calculated. A hypothesis about the influence of time of day on the duration of evacuation was put forward and proved. It is concluded that the built model provides the necessary information for predicting the fire situation in office premises and, as a result, the possibility of their elimination, as well as in agricultural planning and Economics.
The origin and bloating of the obsidian
Authors: Safaryan Artsruni , Sarkisyan Tamara , Paytyan Tatevik , Baghdagyulyan Armine
Published: June 2020

Among the rocks used to produce heat-insulating and acoustic building materials, volcanic water-containing glassy rocks are increasingly being used. A feature of volcanic water-containing glasses is their ability to expand during heat treatment. Besides perlite, other volcanic glasses known by various names also have this special feature: obsidian, pitchstone, vitrophire, and others. The common property of all these rocks, which determines their expanding power, is the content of water in them, being in various forms of linkage. The main role in the process of their pore formation during bloating belongs to water and various gases located in closed pores. Obsidian is expanded at temperatures of 1050...11500C. The lowest average density of 200 ... 350 kg/m3 (in a piece) is obtained by heat treatment of obsidian for 3 ... 10 minutes (depending on the size of the sample).
Methods for assessing the efficiency of investment programs of energy enterprises in the agricultural sector
Authors: Mandrykin Andrey , Pakhomova Yulia
Published: June 2020

The role and importance of the energy industry in the economy of any country are extremely large. Energy ensures the life of modern man, the functioning and development of industry. Energy costs shape the economic environment in which industrial enterprises and populations exist. The article reviewed financial planning methods and presented a model of gross income and total output costs. Organizational and methodological regulations and practical recommendations on investment management in the agricultural sector, taking into account the peculiarities of economic activity at electric power industry enterprises, are justified and developed. The mechanism of implementation of investment policy in electric power enterprises is presented, which includes joint coordination of the state and enterprises in terms of attracting financialresources
Specifics of agricultural sector state support: domestic and foreign experience
Authors: Kholodova Marina , Kabanenko Mikhail , Kushnarenko Tatiana , Dubrova Lyudmila , Bulatova Raykhana
Published: June 2020

The comparative analysis of agriculture state support in Russia and world’s top economies is conducted in the article. Some aspects of transformation of the national state support system of agricultural sector are studied. The methodology of the stated problem research is built upon the system of general scientific and local methods and techniques. The information-analytical basis of the study includes the data of the Ministry of Agriculture, the data of the Federal State Statistics Service of Russian Federation and agricultural statistical data of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). The assessment of the level of agricultural production state support in Russia is carried out in the article. The in-depth comprehensive economic analysis of financial structure of the updated areas of the State Program for agricultural development in Russia is performed. It is proved that in line with the consolidation of state support actions regarding the disposition of the “united subsidy”, the regional authorities managed to identify and significantly expand the priority areas of the industrydevelopment.
The problems of developing infrastructure that ensures the economic security of small businesses in the agricultural sector (on the example of the Orenburg region)
Authors: Dobrodomova Larisa , Dzhoraev Vladimir , Tutaeva Lyubov , Voroshilova Larisa , Dmitrieva Elena
Published: June 2020

The article is devoted to the study of the problems of infrastructure developing that ensures the economic security of small and medium-sized entrepreneurship in the agro-industrial complex, the analysis of factors restricting the development of SMEs and their support institutions is carried out, measures to overcome the problems of developing the infrastructure ensuring the economic security of SMEs are proposed. Infrastructure development depends on the capabilities of SMEs, and the opportunities are due to the influence of the external environment. To assess the situation, a survey of agricultural entrepreneurs was conducted, and according its results entrepreneurs noted the most significant factors limiting the development of SMEs: difficult access to loans, external financing; lack of own funds for business development; taxation; strong competitors, etc. Among the problems that hinder the development of infrastructure were noted: the financial illiteracy of start-up entrepreneurs, the low level of entrepreneurial activity and the income received by SMEs, the disproportion in the distribution of support institutions across the Orenburg region and, as a result, their absence in remote areas and rural areas. To overcome these problems, the creation of institutions for training and retraining entrepreneurs and the “Business Center for Small and MediumEnterprises”.
The definition of «capital» as an economic and accounting category
Authors: Butkova Oksana
Published: June 2020

The definition of «capital» has attracted and continues to attract the attention of researchers of the international scientific community, since any economic entity revolving in the economic space should possess certain capital and be clearly aware of what goals it needs to be invested at a specific point in time. With the advancement of science new economic categories have appeared, which are integral part of the conceptual definition of «capital». In this regard, due to the novelty of some components of the capital for the Russian economy, differences arise in the interpretation of the concept and, as a result, its incorrect use in the practical activities of Russian economic entities. Through research there has been revealed that the term content of the definition of «capital» as an economic and accounting category has been changing along with the evolutionary process of economic knowledge. The article systematizes the views on the concept of «capital» from the perspective of economic theory and accounting. The relationship between the components of the definition of «capital» is highlighted. Author’s definitions of the componentsof «capital» within the system of the accounting and analytical system of an economic entity are proposed.
Methodology of project management and type of economic mentality of managers of x and y generations
Authors: Pishchik Vlada , Belousova Alla , Rashchupkina Yuliya , Shorokhov Aleksandr
Published: June 2020

The article is devoted to the research of features of economic mentality of managers of the companies, representatives of different generations (X, Y) in interrelation with popular methodologies of project management. We studied the components of the economic mentality of managers (N=660). We used: the technique of measuring economic behavior (Lebedeva, Tatarko), the technique of measuring life meanings (Kotlyakov), technique of values (Schwartz), technique of measuring mentality (Pishchik). The group of managers of generation «X» shows the importance of the values of security, social respect and support for traditions; altruistic, existential, cognitive meanings, self-realization, there is no motive for financial economy. Rational, alarming, saving types of economic behavior prevail. One can successfully apply the methods of project management: Agile, Muda, Kanban. The group of managers of generation «Y» showed: spirituality, the value of achievement, selfdetermination, social power; the meanings of hedonism, self-realization, status, family; alarming, negative and therapeutic types of economic behavior. Project management methods can be successfully applied here: Scrum, Waterfall, Six Sigma. Focusing on the selected types of economic mentality of managers will improve the relationship between managers, participants in various projects, and will also allow you to more effectively select them in the project team.
Production quality and safety management in the corporate-type integrated structures in the agro-industrial complex
Authors: Bogdanova Irina , Dymchenko Olga
Published: June 2020

The article (paper) presents questions connected with the abilities of corporate-type integrated structures in the imports phase-out problems solving applied to the agro-industrial production. The paper deals with the advantages of the corporate-type integrated systems functioning, describes the profits from its functioning for the national economy in general. There offered management tools for the quality of production in the corporate-type integrated systems, and the indicative-planning elements use among other factors. There presented the implementation scheme of cycle process of production quality management and the algorithm of the analysis and control of production quality and safety control of the corporate-type integrated structures, functioning in the agro-industrial complex.
Urgent issues of estimation of problems and financial mechanisms of development of russian agrarian complex
Authors: Oleynikova Irina , Chernova Tatyana , Reshetilo Tatyana , Yankina Irina
Published: June 2020

The key problems of development of agrarian business were analyzed. Low dynamic potential of renewal of production process, lowering of employment in agricultural business, people abandoning rural localities, and inefficient system of agricultural pattern are mostly those problems. Authors established that among financial instruments intended to solve those problems are the system of budget program special purpose funding and bank credit products and they are the target to implement project decisions in the field of agribusiness. Agricultural credit cooperation will allow solving effectively the problems of small-scale agricultural industries and farming. The dynamics of the financial institutions within the specified field was analyzed and measures to activate the development of agricultural credit cooperation areadvised.
Identification of regions in need of crisis management using the example of the dairy industry
Authors: Chernyakov Mikhail , Chernyakova Maria , Chernyakova Irina , Gritsenko Galina
Published: June 2020

In order to determine the depressed regions of the status of the dairy industry, the main target functions of the anti-crisis strategy are formulated. As a preliminary research method in crisis management, a morphological analysis was chosen, which is an effective methodological approach. The advantages and disadvantages of morphological analysis are evaluated. A morphological matrix for ranking the regions of Siberia according to the main indicators of the dairy industry was built and 5 clusters of regional status were formed. Only one region was classified as depressed – the Republic of Tuva. Effective anti-crisis management tools are proposed. The introduction of digital technologies and the organization of automated workstations on their basis are recommended, which will compensate for the shortage of qualified personnel, increase labor productivity, and government support for these events and the attraction of investors are also required.
Socio-economic aspects of steel production in conditions of Russia agriculture machinery demand increase
Authors: Samarina Vera , Samarin Aleksandr , Skufina Tatiana
Published: June 2020

The paper is devoted to the study of socio-economic aspects of the production of Russian steel. A distinctive feature of the Russian steel industry is that it is deservedly considered one of the basic sectors of the national economy. The paper proves that the dynamics of production began to serve as an indicator of the development of the Russian industry and economy. It is shown in which industries steel is used in the national economy. The paper shows that steel production plays a special important role in the Russian economy. The place of Russia in the world steel market is shown. The ranking of the leading countries in the production of steel is presented. The authors have substantiated and highlighted the following main socio-economic aspects of steel production in Russia: production and economic; social; financial;environmental and integration. It is stated that the revealed aspects determine state and development prospects of Russia’s metallurgical complex.It is also shown that the systemic crisis in production is aggravated by the social aspect. The influence of the production of steel on the formation of aspects of the vital activity of the population in Russian single-industry cities is revealed. Steel enterprises form the industrial specialization of such cities and significantly affect the vital activities of people. The authors have made use of the material concerning the features of mono-industrial cities located in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation; special attention has been paid to the residents’ socialproblems.
Specificities of using information technologies in agriculture construction management
Authors: Sinenko Sergey , Doroshin Ivan
Published: June 2020

In this paper, the singularities of using information technologies in organization and management of agriculture construction are considered. The main components of information technologies in investment projects are very important for agriculture construction. The most important computer programs for comparative analysis of investment projects are considered. Also, the complex decisions integrating all the parts of construction design for agriculture buildings are described. The purpose of theresearchisestimationofpossibilityofusinginformationtechnologiesin construction, allowing maximally automatizing design and calculation works.Forcarryingout thestud,ythemethodicalandscientificliteratureon the subject was analyzed, and also the statistic methods of data investigation were used considering the use of information technologies in different construction companies. The main result of the research is comparative analysisofmoderninformationtechnologiesinorganizationofconstruction and estimation of their effectiveness.
Financial and legal policy in the agricultural sector of the region and features of its implementation
Authors: Panova Natalya , Malofeev Alexander , Voronkin Aleksey , Likholetov Evgeny , Likholetov Alexander
Published: June 2020

The article is devoted to the formation of financial policy in the field of agro-industrial complex, in its economic and social aspects, the main goals, elements and directions of development at the present stage. The article considers the main directions of financial policy in the agricultural sector using the example of the Volgograd region, which is one of the leading regions of the southern Federal district in terms of agricultural planning, economics and engineering. The article concludes that at the moment, the region has chosen a liberal model of financial policy that offers the maximum package of incentives for agribusiness. At the same time, the article also identified existing problems in the system of formation and implementation of financial and legal policy in the agricultural sector of the region, as well as outlined possible ways to solve them by modernizing the budget process, ensuring the stability of the regional budget and its balance in the long term, improving the efficiency of Executive authorities and stateinstitutions.
E-commerce in Russian rural areas as a tool for regional development
Authors: Aleksandrov Igor , Fedorova Marina , Parshukov Alexey
Published: June 2020

The objective of the paper is to analyze the development of e-commerce in rural areas of North Western Russian District to develop agribusiness and preserve the environment. As far as the researches of development of the e-commerce of the Russian countryside are not ubiquitous, the paper, firstly, relies on the research of the development of e-commerce in Russia, at its whole, where the main market is situated in big cities, and the researches of rural e-commerce abroad. Secondly, the statistical and marketing data helps to enlighten the stage of the development of e-commerce in regions and define the main reasons of its immaturity. With the help of statistical and marketing data we also can suppose the real share of regional e-commerce. As far as its share is not too high for the moment, the list of the most possible goods and products to be produced and sold from rural areas is created along with some recommendations of work with ruralpopulation.
Environmental management in the field of noise impact on recreational, public and agricultural areas
Authors: Balmashnova Mariya , Sorokoumova Tatyana
Published: June 2020

As a result of increase in the number of residents of megacities, the anthropogenic impact on the public, recreational and agricultural areas is increasing. Anthropogenic load causes degradation of the natural structure of the city and has a negative impact on public health. In current situation, more recreational areas are organized for residents of the city. However, the organization of recreational areas does not always comply with the population requirements. In the formation that sort of spaces, it is necessary to obtain complete and reliable information about the quality of the environment, which can only be obtained through the regular monitoring studies. This article considers a number of recreational, agricultural and public areas under the noise exposure. The spatial organization of recreational areas should be carried out taking into account the main goal of creating a comfortable architectural and planning structure of the urban environment. This article shows the insolvency of the public, recreational and agricultural areas as comfortablespaces.
Impact of agrocenoses on the populations of small mammals of recreational pine forests in the Tom River Valley
Authors: Luchnikova Ekaterina , Ilyashenko Vadim , Teplova Natalya , Kovalevsky Alexander , Zubko Kirill
Published: June 2020

The paper is devoted to studying the influence of agricultural land on the formation of small mammal communities in the pine forests of the Tom River Valley. For the analysis, we took sites of natural and artificial pine forests of different areas experiencing various anthropogenic pressures. It was revealed that species composition, species richness and species diversity of small mammalian communities depend on a whole complex of factors. Thus, the population of right-bank forests is largely determined by the influence of mountain-taiga complexes of mammals in the adjacent territories. Cutting down taiga forests and using the vacant spaces for agricultural purposes lead to the introduction of species that prefer open biotopes to the initial community. A correlation was found between the size of the pine forest and its resistance to invasive species. The creation of artificial pine forests in the forest-steppe does not lead to the formation of typical forest communities of small mammals, due to their limited ability to resettle. Quite extensive, but to varying degrees isolated natural and artificial pine forests within the city and along the boundaries of the city are unique ecological “islands” that play a significant role in maintaining the diversity of the urban fauna ofmammals.
Assessment of environmental performance in recreational areas with the consideration of assimilation potential
Authors: Kurdyukov Vladimir , Avlasenko Ilona , Avlasenko Lyudmila , Kanurny Sergey
Published: June 2020

Externalities are a significant feature for recreational tourism. The increase in the specificity of the resource and its significance for the territory may be an additional factor in lowering the requirements for the effective implementation of Coase’s idea to solve the problem of externalities. Tourist recreational areas can be an ideal object for implementing Coase’s idea of reducing externalities. Given the assessment of environmental quality with the consideration of assimilation potential, it is possible to describe the additional value of changing the volume of environmental pollution for the economic system in the recreational area. The increasing importance of other factors for tourist recreational activities can be factored into the proposed dependency by developing ideas of the assimilation potential of the territory. An approach is proposed for assessing the utility of environmental protection activities in a recreational tourist area which is based on the consideration of changes in the recreational capacities of natural environment and the consequences thereof for the economic system of the territory. The proposed indicator of utility with an adequate assessment of the costs of implementing a project better reflects the cost-effectiveness and results of environmental protection.
Lakes as an archive of the region ecological state information
Authors: Shalnova Svetlana , Kulakov Vladimir
Published: June 2020

The study’s results of various lakes located on the border of the forest and forest-steppe areas of Siberia, Altai and Kazakhstan are presented in the article. This research was carried out by participants of the international Russian-German expedition “Following the Traces of Alexander von Humboldt in Western Siberia, Altai and East Kazakhstan”, devoted to the 250th anniversary of the birth of the outstanding scientist and the 190th anniversary of his expedition to the Russian Empire. The results of geochemical and pollen analyses of water samples and lake sediments are presented. An assessment of the ecological state of the lakes is given, as well as a rapid assessment of the ecological state of the studied regions.
Integrated environmental and hygienic assessment of the region
Authors: Martsev Anton
Published: June 2020

To determine the ecological and hygienic status of the environment and its possible impact on population health, the issue of developing a comprehensive methodology for integrated assessment of the environment condition, in particular, at the regional level, has been set. The research objective was to develop the methodology for ecological and hygienic integrated assessment of the environment and its individual indicators, and to test it at the separate regional level of the Russian Federation-theVladimirregion,primarilyregardingthehumanlifequality. TheresearchisbasedontheofficialstatisticsdatapublishedbytheVladimir region administration, “Federal hygiene and epidemiology center of the Vladimir region” for the period of 2001-2015, as well as our own research oftheregionalenvironmentcondition(qualityofair,municipalwatersupply and soil). As the research result, the statistics data of the State offices engaged in social and hygienic monitoring, as well as own environmental surveys, characterizing the quality of atmospheric air, municipal water supply and soil in residential areas were analyzed, and relatively safe and relatively unfavorable environmental areas were identified. The environmental quality analysis and the application of the integrated assessmentmethodologymadeitpossibletoranktheregionareasaccording to the ecological and hygienic well-beingrate
Assessment of the global energy potential and existing areas of innovative development in the context of environmental safety
Authors: Gibadullin Arthur , Abanina Irina , Medvedeva Marina , Shmaneva Lyudmila , Alekseeva Gulnara , Morkovkin Dmitry
Published: June 2020

The presented study was devoted to environmental safety in the context of the implementation of energy transfer programs. Among the main transitions, a conservative, innovative and energy transition is singled out, within the framework of which relevant measures are taken to increase the efficiency of the energy industry. The work analyzed plans for various approaches, as a result, it was concluded that in the event of an energy transition, it is planned to reduce oil and gas consumption by up to 20% and increase the consumption of renewable energy sources. The work revealed that the plans should be implemented taking into account the specifics and characteristics of the energy industries, in connection with which, a model for ensuring the energy transition containing mechanisms for decarburization, decentralization and digitalization was proposed for the Russian Federation. At the end of the study, brief conclusions are presented.
Methods of digital transformation of the educational environment of agricultural universities
Authors: Sklyarov Kirill , Vorotyntseva Anna , Komyshova Lyudmila , Sviridova Anna
Published: June 2020

Currently, the issue of introducing the means and capabilities of digitalization or a digital system in modern society is becoming relevant, while the term “digitalization” is becoming quite popular. It is assumed that the introduction of new digital tools or platforms will help the organization to gain a leading position in agricultural industry. Digital transformation is primarily associated with a change in the stereotypes of thinking, working methods and company management. However, digital transformation is not just the introduction of digital technologies, it is rather the reengineering of various, including educational, processes based on them. Today, agricultural universities are more than ever interested in uniform rules that allow for the digital transformation of each university individually and accelerate the digital transformation of the university system as a whole. In the process of digital changes in the education system, fundamental changes are supposed in the structure of training and the organization of the educational process, as a result of which the issue of the need to form our own information and educational environment, which will become the basis of the modern digital base of the educational process.
Labor motivation of agricultural workers in the context of modern trends in personnel management
Authors: Gaponenko Tatiana , Muradova Safura , Litvinova Victoria
Published: June 2020

The aim of the research is methodology development of labor motivationofagriculturalworkers,basedonacompetitiveapproachmodern methods of personalizing personnel management, which will increase the productivity of agricultural workers and the efficiency of production activities in the industry. The methodological basis of the study were the methodsofsummarization,grouping,comparisonandgeneralization,which wereusedduringtheanalysisofscientificliterature.Themethodofresearch of labor relations was applied questionnaires, analysis and synthesis methods while discussing research results. The developed methodology involves a wider range of instruments of material and non-material motivationoflabor.Materialmotivationisexpressedinanadditionalbonus to the salaries of winners in the competition in the profession. Non-material motivationisrepresentedbytraditionaltools(thewinnertitle,respectinthe team) and new tools of motivation (recognition of the employee as a person, respect for his desires and needs). The proposed motivation system was adapted for the operating conditions of the agricultural organization Ankor LLC, the main positions of the new system for motivating and stimulating the work of employees, who directly ensure the output of agricultural products, of this organization have beendeveloped.
Professional orientation of schoolchildren living in the agricultural region of Russia, based on social and pedagogical partnership
Authors: Vlasova Tatiana , Abraukhova Valentina , Krasnova Evgenia
Published: June 2020

The article deals with the analysis of professional orientation of schoolchildren, living in the agricultural region of Russia (on the example of Starocherkasskaya village of the Rostov region). The following tasks were solved: the model of spiritual and ontological partnership in a small rural school was substantiated and implemented, diagnostics and analysis of value orientations of general stakeholders were carried out in the process of employment in a rural settlement, and the features of professional orientation of rural schoolchildren are formulated. The study was conducted from 2008 to 2018, the main goal of which was to meet the needs of young people in their professional and personal vocations, which does not contradict the native values of Russia. The article substantiates the basic indicator of professional orientation of schoolchildren “trust”, which permeates the communication of general stakeholders in the agricultural sector. The main areas of life that are the basis of professional orientation of school family-community, spiritual-cultural, vocational, social, individual, allowed young people to be realized, as in the agricultural sector and outside it in space of a Russianvillage.
Psychological aspects of formation of ecologically relevant behavior of students of the faculty of agriculture
Authors: Azarko Elena , Kupriyanov Igor
Published: June 2020

The article provides an analysis of studies showing the need for a psychological approach of meaning building and meaning regulation in the formation of an integral worldview, environmental values and environmentally relevant behavior of agriculture students. In conclusion, recommendations with suggestions on the use of theoretical foundations and methodological techniques of meaning for teaching students of the agricultural sector are presented.
Psychological culture of a modern university teacher as a determinant of student development (in the context of teaching students of agricultural orientation)
Authors: Zvezdina Galina , Grishina Anastasia
Published: June 2020

The article presents the generalized experience of studying the psychological culture of university teachers. Authors sustained the relevance of the problem on the example of teaching specialists for the agro-industrial complex and updated the basic requirements for modern agro-industrial specialists. The article gives a review of methodological foundations of studying the psychological culture: the analysis of approaches to the definition of “psychological culture”, the components of the psychological culture and the levels of its development, the features of the psychological culture of teachers. Authors reveal the specifics of the professional activity of a higher education teacher in the context of the personality-oriented education implementation by providing an emprical study. The procedure of empirical research to study the components of the psychological culture of university teachers with different lengths of pedagogical activity is described. The results of an empirical study aimed at studying the following components of psychological culture are described in detail: affective (empathy), communicative (social communicative competence) and value-semantic (communicative tolerance) and an integral indicator of the cultural and psychological potential of university teachers. Authors show the features of the formation of communicative competence, empathy, communicative tolerance depending on the length of pedagogicalactivity.
Development of graduates’ training system with meta-subject competencies for Russian agro-industrial complex
Authors: Ivanova Valentina , Anichkina Olga , Chernegov Nikolay , Tatochenko Alexander , Kuzmina Anastasia
Published: June 2020

The needs of enterprises, the state and personnel in case of introduction of digital technologies, as well as the emergence of new types of products are considered. There was established that the response to the acceleration of business processes and a radical change in their technological content was the emergence of project management. The essence of its key differences from traditional organization of labor is demonstrated. It is shown that the increase in the efficiency of new business models is associated with the use of the project approach, as well as cooperation with leading universities. It is noted that the joint project activities of the enterprises, employees of HEIs and students’ project training allow to achieve a synergistic effect. Moscow State University of Technology and Management named after K.G. Razumovsky is given as an example of students project activities. Such an approach ensures implementation of effective developments for Russian agro-industrial complex to work in the new economic conditions. The competencies allow to take into account the emergence of demand in advance and to develop new products. Thus, the project activities at K.G. Razumovsky MSUTM contribute to the solution of Russian nationalprojects.
Agriculture faculty students’ meanings translation in conditions of the development of communicative competence
Authors: Suroedova Elena , Tushnova Yulya , Belousova Ekaterina
Published: June 2020

This article discusses psychological characteristics of communicative and speech competence of the agriculture faculty students. The authors pay attention to the study of students communication skills in the process of interaction, their ability to translate meaning, skills of information interpretation and effective meaning transfer. The study involved 120 students aged 17 to 23 years (M=20.75, SD=2.25 (37% men). Methods were used: a survey – “Communicative competence” of L. Michelson in the modification of Yu.Z. Gilbukh; testing – subtest No. 6 of the Wechsler test; analytic tasks – a method of supplementing / completing / restoring a speech utterance, a classification method; statistical methods (descriptive statistics , Mann Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis test). The study found that first-year students differ from senior students in communicative competence. The speech competence of graduate students in a qualitative aspect is better developed, however, it is distorted by the influence of personal characteristics and the situation. The research prospects are aimed at studying the differences in speech and communicative competence of students who completed training courses on the development of these abilities. It is also promising to study the characteristics of the process of meaning, as variables in the formation of speech and communicative competence.
The Effects of Performing Mental Exertion during Cycling Exercise on Fatigue Indices
Authors: Barzegarpoor Hamidreza , Amoozi Hamid , Rajabi Hamid , Button Duane , Fayazmilani Rana
Published: June 2020

This study investigated the effect of performing prolonged mental exertion during
submaximal cycling exercise on exercise tolerance and fatigue. Participants
performed 5 experimental sessions. Session 1: determination of cycling peak
power output. Sessions 2 and 3: cycling to exhaustion at 65% peak power
output with mental exertion or watching a movie. Sessions 4 and 5: cycling for
45 min at 65% peak power output with mental exertion or while watching a
movie. During sessions 2–5, rate of perceived exertion and heart rate
were recorded while cycling and cortisol and prolactin concentrations,
psychomotor vigilance task performance, and maximal voluntary contraction were
measured pre-and post-sessions. During sessions 2 and 3, time to exhaustion was
reduced (p<0.01) and rate of perceived exertion was increased
(p<0.01) in session 2 compared to 3. Cortisol, prolactin and
heart rate increased and psychomotor vigilance task and maximal voluntary
contraction decreased from pre-to post-sessions with no difference between
sessions. Cortisol, prolactin and rate of perceived exertion were higher
(p<0.03) in session 4 than 5. Heart rate increased and
maximal voluntary contraction decreased from pre-to post-sessions with no
difference between sessions. Prolonged mental exertion during cycling exercise
reduces exercise tolerance, which appears to be mediated psychologically rather
than physiologically.
Ein strahlendes Krankenhaus: Die Klinik der Medizinischen Hochschule Hannover
Authors: Hardinghaus Christian
Published: June 2020

Die Klinik der Medizinischen Hochschule Hannover (MHH) wurde als zugehöriges Lehrkrankenhaus wie die Universität selbst im Jahr 1961 erbaut. Heute zählt sie 1518 Betten. Fast 8000 Mitarbeiter kümmern sich aktuell um die über 60 000 stationären und über 450 000 ambulanten Patienten im Jahr. An der Hochschule sind 3423 Studierende eingeschrieben, wovon knapp 2000 Medizin studieren und etwas mehr als 500 Zahnmedizin. Fast 65 % der Studierenden sind weiblich. Weitere Studiengänge mit geringer Auslastung sind Biomedizin, Biochemie, Gesundheits- und Hebammenwissenschaften oder Infektionsbiologie. Die MHH gilt außerdem als Deutschlands größtes Transplantationszentrum und betrieb einst einen eigenen Kernreaktor für Nuklearmedizin.
Total Hospital Costs and Readmission Rate of Patient-Specific Instrument in Total Knee Arthroplasty Patients
Authors: Thomas Stephen , Patel Ankur , Patrick Corey , Delhougne Gary
Published: June 2020

Despite advancements in surgical technique and component design, implant loosening, stiffness, and instability remain leading causes of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) failure. Patient-specific instruments (PSI) aid in surgical precision and in implant positioning and ultimately reduce readmissions and revisions in TKA. The objective of the study was to evaluate total hospital cost and readmission rate at 30, 60, 90, and 365 days in PSI-guided TKA patients. We retrospectively reviewed patients who underwent a primary TKA for osteoarthritis from the Premier Perspective Database between 2014 and 2017 Q2. TKA with PSI patients were identified using appropriate keywords from billing records and compared against patients without PSI. Patients were excluded if they were < 21 years of age; outpatient hospital discharges; evidence of revision TKA; bilateral TKA in same discharge or different discharges. 1:1 propensity score matching was used to control patients, hospital, and clinical characteristics. Generalized Estimating Equation model with appropriate distribution and link function were used to estimate hospital related cost while logistic regression models were used to estimate 30, 60, and 90 days and 1-year readmission rate. The study matched 3,358 TKAs with PSI with TKA without PSI patients. Mean total hospital costs were statistically significantly (p < 0.0001) lower for TKA with PSI ($14,910; 95% confidence interval [CI]: $14,735–$15,087) than TKA without PSI patients ($16,018; 95% CI: $15,826–$16,212). TKA with PSI patients were 31% (odds ratio [OR]: 0.69; 95% CI: 0.51–0.95; p-value = 0.0218) less likely to be readmitted at 30 days; 35% (OR: 0.65; 95% CI: 0.50–0.86; p-value = 0.0022) less likely to be readmitted at 60 days; 32% (OR: 0.68; 95% CI: 0.53–0.88; p-value = 0.0031) less likely to be readmitted at 90 days; 28% (OR: 0.72; 95% CI: 0.60–0.86; p-value = 0.0004) less likely to be readmitted at 365 days than TKA without PSI patients. Hospitals and health care professionals can use retrospective real-world data to make informed decisions on using PSI to reduce hospital cost and readmission rate, and improve outcomes in TKA patients.
Equine helminth prevalence and management practices on Australian properties as shown by coprological survey and written questionnaire
Authors: Beasley A. M. , Kotze A. C. , Barnes T. S. , Coleman G. T.
Published: June 2020

Context
Parasite control is an essential part of a broader equine health-management strategy and is often completely administered by the horse owner, with little or no supporting evidence on which to base decisions. Practical and sound advice relies on knowledge of the resident parasite species, the anthelmintic resistance status of important species, and the strategies currently being utilised by owners and managers of horses. Much of this farm-level information is lacking in the Australian literature.

Aims
The present study aimed to gather both farm- and horse-level prevalence data for four important equine helminth species and to gather information on the current worm-management practices conducted on Australian horse farms.

Methods
We conducted a coprological survey of cyathostomins, Strongylus vulgaris, Parascaris spp. and equine tapeworm on 102 horse properties, using a combination of classical and molecular parasitological methods, including a tapeworm polymerase chain reaction developed as part of the study. A questionnaire canvasing horse owners on internal parasite-control practices was also distributed.

Key results
Cyathostomin were present on all farms surveyed and S. vulgaris, despite being considered rare, was present on 7.8% (95% CI: 3.9–15.0) of farms. The prevalence of Parascaris spp. and equine tapeworm was 33.3% (95% CI: 19.6–50.6) and 3.9% (95% CI: 1.5–10.1) respectively. Questionnaire responses showed that the majority (85.0%) of horse owners administer anthelmintics at regular intervals of 12 weeks or less, and only 2.6% utilise faecal egg counts to inform treatment decisions.

Conclusions
Prevalence data confirmed the endemic nature of cyathostomin and P. equorum infections, as well as low levels of tapeworm and S. vulgaris infections on Australian horse farms. Worm-management practices were reminiscent of traditional interval-style treatment regimens that rely heavily on macrocyclic lactone anthelmintics.

Implications
These results suggest a need for more strategic approaches to internal-parasite control in horses to slow the development of anthelmintic resistance. Such programs need to consider the risk of re-establishment of the pathogenic S. vulgaris in significant numbers.
PrEP in the press
Authors: Jones Lucy , Collins Luke
Published: June 2020

This research reports on newspaper representations of PrEP, a HIV-prevention drug recently made available on a trial basis to at-risk individuals in England. Using corpus-assisted queer critical discourse analysis, we investigate the linguistic representations of the users of PrEP within three leading British newspapers from across the political spectrum between 2014–18. We find that users of PrEP are most frequently positioned as ‘men who have sex with men’ or ‘gay men’, a representation that we argue limits public awareness of HIV itself, and of available HIV prevention. Furthermore, while the most left-leaning newspaper in our corpus focuses on the human benefit of PrEP, the most right-leaning newspaper takes a moralistic stance which frames gay men as risk-taking and therefore less deserving of healthcare funding than other groups. We therefore argue that certain representations of PrEP’s beneficiaries are implicitly homophobic, and that most representations are unhelpfully restrictive.
A comparison of abstract and concrete mass nouns in terms of their
interaction with quantificational determiners
Authors: Hinterwimmer Stefan
Published: June 2020

In this paper, I compare concrete mass nouns such as
water with abstract mass nouns derived from gradable
adjectives like generosity in terms of their interaction
with quantificational determiners. The main focus is on vague quantifiers
such as a lot and little, on the one hand,
and specificity markers such as a certain, on the other. In
both cases the crucial factor setting the abstract mass nouns apart from the
concrete ones is that the latter make available only a quantity/cardinality
related scale for measurement and identification. The former, in contrast,
give rise to an additional reading since they are associated with a second
scale – namely one that orders the states denoted by the respective noun
according to the degree with which they instantiate the corresponding
property.
The impact of beetroot juice supplementation on muscular endurance, maximal strength and countermovement jump performance
Authors: Jonvik Kristin L. , Hoogervorst Daan , Peelen Harmen B. , de Niet Mark , Verdijk Lex B. , van Loon Luc J. C. , van Dijk Jan‐Willem
Published: June 2020

Purpose: Dietary nitrate has been shown to enhance muscle contractile function and has, therefore, been linked to increased muscle power and sprint exercise performance. However, the impact of dietary nitrate supplementation on maximal strength, performance and muscular endurance remains to be established. Methods: Fifteen recreationally active males (25 ± 4 y, BMI 24 ± 3 kg/m2) participated in a randomized double‐blinded cross‐over study comprising two 6‐d supplementation periods; 140 mL/d nitrate‐rich (BR; 985 mg/d) and nitrate‐depleted (PLA; 0.37 mg/d) beetroot juice. Three hours following the last supplement, we assessed countermovement jump (CMJ) performance, maximal strength and power of the upper leg by voluntary isometric (30° and 60° angle) and isokinetic contractions (60, 120, 180 and 300°·s−1), and muscular endurance (total workload) by 30 reciprocal isokinetic voluntary contractions at 180°·s−1. Results: Despite differences in plasma nitrate (BR: 879 ± 239 vs. PLA: 33 ± 13 μmol/L, P < 0.001) and nitrite (BR: 463 ± 217 vs. PLA: 176 ± 50 nmol/L, P < 0.001) concentrations prior to exercise testing, CMJ height (BR: 39.3 ± 6.3 vs. PLA: 39.6 ± 6.3 cm; P = 0.39) and muscular endurance (BR: 3.93 ± 0.69 vs. PLA: 3.90 ± 0.66 kJ; P = 0.74) were not different between treatments. In line, isometric strength (P > 0.50 for both angles) and isokinetic knee extension power (P > 0.33 for all velocities) did not differ between treatments. Isokinetic knee flexion power was significantly higher following BR compared with PLA ingestion at 60°·s−1 (P = 0.001), but not at 120°·s−1 (P = 0.24), 180°·s−1 (P = 0.066), and 300°·s−1 (P = 0.36). Conclusion: Nitrate supplementation does not improve maximal strength, countermovement jump performance and muscular endurance in healthy, active males.