bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE IMPORTANCE OF INTRODUCING MEDICAL LEGISLATION IN THE UNIVERSITY TRAINING PROGRAM FOR STUDENTS
Authors:   Department of Medical Legal Elements and Malpractice, Faculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Nicola George , Gheorghiu Irina Maria ,   Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Scarlatescu Sanziana ,   Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Perlea Paula ,   Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
Published: August 2021

The place of medical legislation in the university curriculum remains somehow uncertain and should be identified more clearly. A more robust knowledge base on the law is needed to enable medical students to develop sufficient legal competence to manage the challenges of future practice. Further research is needed to identify the most effective methods of teaching, learning and assessing legal knowledge and skills, during and after the completion of initial medical education. An in-depth analysis of resources shows that there is no robust evidence base that evaluates the impact in different curricular structures of the efficient methods in developing the knowledge, skills, attitudes, and behaviors needed in medical practice of student. Moreover, only a limited number of studies refer to the results and effectiveness of teaching and learning the elements of medical legislation.
ASSESSMENT OF PERIODONTAL STATUS IN A GROUP OF PATIENTS AND CORRELATIONS WITH FACTORS WHICH FAVORING PERIODONTAL DISEASE
Authors:   Şcoala Doctorală – Domeniul Medicină Dentară, IOSUD „Titu Maiorescu“, Bucureşti, România, Vodiță Cristina ,   Clinica stomatologică „Dr. Vodiță“, Bucureşti, România, Vodiță Emanuel Alin ,   Şcoala Doctorală – Domeniul Medicină Dentară, IOSUD „Titu Maiorescu“, Bucureşti, România,   Clinica stomatologică „Dr. Vodiță“, Bucureşti, România, Coman Costin ,   Facultatea de Medicină Dentară, Universitatea „Titu Maiorescu“, Bucureşti, România, Comăneanu Raluca Monica ,   Şcoala Doctorală – Domeniul Medicină Dentară, IOSUD „Titu Maiorescu“, Bucureşti, România,   Facultatea de Medicină Dentară, Universitatea „Titu Maiorescu“, Bucureşti, România, Ghergic Doina Lucia ,   Şcoala Doctorală – Domeniul Medicină Dentară, IOSUD „Titu Maiorescu“, Bucureşti, România,   Facultatea de Medicină Dentară, Universitatea „Titu Maiorescu“, Bucureşti, România, Mihai Laurența Lelia ,   Facultatea de Medicină Dentară, Universitatea „Titu Maiorescu“, Bucureşti, România
Published: August 2021

Objectives. The study aimed to assess the periodontal status of a group of patients and to highlight the correlations with factors favoring the occurrence and worsening of periodontal disease. Material and method. The study was carried out within the „Dr. Vodiță“ Dental Clinic for a period of 2 years. The study group initially consisted of 266 patients who approached the Clinic for various dental reasons. We applied inclusion and exclusion criteria from the study to the initial group of patients. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria from the study, the final group of patients consisted of 205 patients of both sexes, aged between 18 and 76 years. The data were analyzed and statistically processed with the Microsoft Excel 2016 program. Results. The study group consisted of 138 male patients and 67 female patients, including 5 bruxomaniacs, 12 oral respirators, 36 patients with malocclusions and 54 patients with reduced or extended edentulous partially prosthetic. The Loe and Silness gingival index and the papillary bleeding index had the majority value 1. Discussions. In the present study, young patients were best represented. Cardiovascular diseases have an increased incidence among the group analyzed, 17.07% of patients said they live in stressful conditions and 47.32% of patients said they smoke. Conclusions. Most patients in the present study were young adults with generalized forms of periodontal disease. The main reasons for presenting to the doctor were gingival bleeding and halitosis, which are signs of periodontal disease. Smoking, daily stress and cardiovascular diseases are factors involved in the appearance and evolution of periodontal disease.
ANALYSIS OF RADIOMORPHOMETRIC INDICES IN POSTMENOPAUSAL PATIENTS WITH OSTEOPOROSIS: CASE REPORT AND LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors:   Doctoral School, “Carol Davila“ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania 2 Blident Help Dental Clinic, Bucharest, Romania, Lescai Ioana Mădălina ,   Department of Periodontology and Oral Pathology, “Titu Maiorescu“ University, Bucharest, Romania, Mihai Laurența Lelia ,   Department of Periodontology and Oral Pathology, “Titu Maiorescu“ University, Bucharest, Romania, Cîrstoiu Monica Mihaela ,   “Carol Davila“ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania,   Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Emergency University Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
Published: August 2021

Objectives. The aim of this case report is to present a single patient case superimposed on the literature knowledge in regard to mophometric mandibular variations observed on dental panoramic radiography and used to identify patients with low bone mass density (BMD). Case presentation. A 62 years old female patient reported to the Blident Help Dental Clinic, for specific visits and treatments, 3 years apart. Based on the digital panoramic radiography and DXA measurement, an osteoporosis evaluation with radiomorphometric indices was performed. Values for maximum condylar height, maximum coronoid height, projective height of the mandibular ramus, minimum ramus breadth and antegonial angle are higher on both sides. the values decreased for gonial angle, gonial index, mandible cortical width (MCW), superior and inferior mental height and panoramic mandibular indices on both sides. Bigonial distance also dicreased and the mandibular cortical index (MCI) changed from C2 category in 2017 to C3 category in 2020. Discussions. This postmenopausal pacient had a decline in MCW values which were lower than 3 mm (threshold to differentiate normal) on panoramic radiographs of women with low BMD. Antegonial Index had a decreased value and could be used as a prediction index for osteoporosis. MCI index changed from C2 to C3 in correlation with the changes of bone mass density in lumbar spine. Conclusions. MCI, MCW, antegonial index and bone density played an important role in determining significance of effects of lower BMD at postmenopausal on the mandibular ramus region.
FREQUENT PROCEDURAL ERRORS AND STRUCTURAL COMPLICATIONS ON ENDODONTICAL TREATED TEETH
Authors:   Department of Endodontics, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Scarlatescu Sanziana Adina , Gheorghiu Irina ,   Department of Restorative Dentistry, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Nicola George ,   Department of Medical Legal Elements and Malpractice, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Aloul Andrei O. Al ,   Department of Endodontics, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Perlea Paula ,   Department of Endodontics, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
Published: August 2021

The objectives of root canal treatment are to prevent the apical parodontitis, to heal the acute or cronic apical periodontits and to maintain the results, keeping the teeth on the arch in a functional stage. Thus, accuratelly elimination of soft and hard tissues (cleaning and shaping of the root canal system), disinfection and complete, homogeneous and tridimensional filling of the root canal system are very important to successful endodontic treatment. Modern concepts in endodontic treatment rely on technological progress and therefore many cases are successfully fulfilled, but the practitioner may be put in front of procedural erorrs both during and after endodontic treatment. Apical blockage, ledging, zipping, stripping, perforations in the floor of the pulp canal chamber or root canals perforations are the most common errors, but in many clinical situations they can be prevented and even surpassed once happened.
CORRELATIONS BETWEEN DESIGN OF THE DENTAL IMPLANTS AND THEIR SURVIVAL RATE
Authors:   Şcoala Doctorală – Domeniul Medicină Dentară, IOSUD „Titu Maiorescu“, Bucureşti, România, Referendaru Alexandru Daniel ,   Clinica de Reabilitare Orală „Prof. Dr. Barbu“,Bucureşti, România, Coman Costin ,   Facultatea de Medicină Dentară, Universitatea „Titu Maiorescu“, Bucureşti, România, Comăneanu Raluca Monica ,   Facultatea de Medicină Dentară, Universitatea „Titu Maiorescu“, Bucureşti, România, Popescu Anca Iuliana ,   Facultatea de Medicină Dentară, Universitatea „Titu Maiorescu“, Bucureşti, România, Barbu Horia Mihail ,   Clinica de Reabilitare Orală „Prof. Dr. Barbu“,Bucureşti, România,   Facultatea de Medicină Dentară, Universitatea „Titu Maiorescu“, Bucureşti, România
Published: August 2021

Objectives. The study aimed to establish correlations between implant geometry, bone density and survival rate of implant therapy. Material and method. The study material consisted of medical documents (clinical observation and treatment sheets, which included both the results of recommended laboratory tests, photographs and imaging investigations performed pre / intra / postoperatively) of patients who were addressed between October 1st, 2014 and October 1st, 2018 to the Oral Rehabilitation Clinic „Prof. Dr. Barbu“. The study included patients wearing mobilizable prostheses, with advanced periodontal diseases that required tooth extraction, patients who accepted dental implants as a treatment solution and presented at all scheduled sessions, including long-term post-therapeutic dispensary of at least 1 year. Statistical processing was performed with Microsoft Excel 2016. Results. The study group included 73 patients of both sexes (28 men and 45 women), old carriers of mobilizable prostheses, with severe periodontal diseases, which required dental extractions. 618 implants were inserted in the study group in order to prosthetic the edentulous gaps. Discussions. The study highlighted the high interest of females in the application of modern dental therapies. At the age group, the 50-59 age group was best represented, closely followed by the 40-49 age group. Most implants were inserted at the upper arch, at a right angle and were conical. Conclusions. Due to the lower bone density in the upper arch, 81.4% of failures occurred in the group studied in the jaw. Implants with small steps between turns have a better prognosis compared to implants with large steps between turns. From the point of view of the type of implant, the cylindrical-conical ones had the best prognosis, and the zygomatic ones registered the weakest prognosis. Bone additions were correlated with a higher failure rate (55.81% of cases). Implants inserted at 10˚ had the best survival rate, and those inserted at 35˚ and 55˚ had the lowest survival rate.
CONTACT POINTS DISTRIBUTION ACCORDING TO THE ARTICULATOR TYPE: SEMIADJUSTABLE VERSUS NON ADAPTABLE VERSUS DIGITAL
Authors:   Universitatea de Medicină și Farmacie „Iuliu Hațieganu“, Cluj-Napoca, România, Almăşan Oana , Buduru Smaranda ,   Universitatea de Medicină și Farmacie „Iuliu Hațieganu“, Cluj-Napoca, România, Iacob Simona ,   Universitatea de Medicină și Farmacie „Iuliu Hațieganu“, Cluj-Napoca, România, Chisnoiu Andreea ,   Universitatea de Medicină și Farmacie „Iuliu Hațieganu“, Cluj-Napoca, România, Miţaru Loredana ,   Universitatea de Medicină și Farmacie „Lucian Blaga“, Sibiu, România, Miţaru Mihai ,   Universitatea de Medicină și Farmacie „Lucian Blaga“, Sibiu, România, Dămăşaru Maria Simona ,   Ortodonţie, UMFST „G.E. Palade“, Tg Mureş, România, Mareşal Irina Grecu ,   Ortodonţie şi Ortopedie dento-facială, St. Gallen, Germania, Negucioiu Marius ,   Universitatea de Medicină și Farmacie „Iuliu Hațieganu“, Cluj-Napoca, România
Published: August 2021

Objectives. To analyze the location and intensity of occlusal contact points using three types of articulators: non adjustable, semiadjustable and digital with aiming at improving the diagnostic and treatment options in dental medicine. Material and method. For analyzing the distribution of contact points, the casts of a patient were mounted in the non adjustable and semiadjustable articulator. Intraoral scanning was performed using an intraoral scanner (Trios 3Shape) and reviewed in a virtual articulator. Occlusion obtained by the three methods was compared to the clinical situation. Results. Contact points in maximum intercuspation, propulsion and lateral movements were analyzed. The points obtained by using the non adjustable articulator have been less intense and more unprecise. By digitizing the contact points, the image becomes more accurate and sharp. Discussion. The semiadjustable articulator reproduces the contact points which are consistent with the clinical situation. Major differences occur when using the non adjustable articulator, which has a limited capacity of reproducing the clinical movements, therefore the marks are non consistent with the real clinical situation. The digital articulator seems promising in terms of eccentric movements. Conclusions. However performing an articulator may be, the clinical maximum intercuspation will never be fittingly reproduced, due to the fact that articulators are rigid systems, whereas the oral cavity has an elasticity, resulting from the mandible, teeth and periodontal ligaments. Virtual articulators need to be further developed for more accurate results.
RESENHA DO LIVRO ENCOMENDAS TECNOLÓGICAS NO BRASIL: GUIA GERAL DE BOAS PRÁTICAS
Authors: Leão Rafael
Published: August 2021

Este texto é uma resenha do livro Encomendas Tecnológicas no Brasil: guia geral de boas práticas. Apesar de ser muito técnico e específico para o gestor público, a obra traz conceitos relevantes para o debate da política de inovação e o debate da política fiscal. Ao demonstrarem que a encomenda tecnológica (Etec) é não só um instrumento
de apoio à inovação, mas também uma ferramenta de compra pública, os autores trazem à tona o debate sobre a qualidade do gasto público brasileiro.
Caracterización de accesiones de la Colección Colombiana de Café. Comportamiento agronómico, nivel de adaptación y resistencia/tolerancia a factores bióticos propios de la región
Authors: Jiménez-Sosa Mauricio , Unigarro Carlos Andres , Abella-Díaz Marlio , Piamba Manuel A. , López-Monsalve Luisa , Ramírez-Cardona Carlos Augusto , Ortiz Aristófeles , Arias Juan Carlos , Flórez Claudia Patricia
Published: August 2021

En el presente estudio por primera vez en Colombia, se caracterizaron morfológica, agronómica y fisiológicamente, 50 accesiones de la Colección Colombiana de Café que representan su diversidad (Colección Núcleo) en dos ambientes contrastantes de la caficultura colombiana. Se identificaron accesiones etíopes silvestres que se destacan por su buen comportamiento bajo las condiciones experimentales evaluadas, con potencial para ser incluidas dentro del Programa de Mejoramiento Genético de Cenicafé como progenitores de futuras variedades mejoradas. Así mismo, el establecimiento de correlaciones entre algunas de las variables evaluadas es útil para una selección indirecta de caracteres de interés para el Programa de Mejoramiento Genético.
Evaluación regional de nuevas líneas mejoradas de café para conformar una variedad regional para la caficultura del Huila
Authors: Abella-Díaz Marlio , Jiménez-Sosa Mauricio , Ramírez-Cardona Carlos Augusto , Piamba Manuel Antonio , López-Monsalve Luisa , Quiroga-Cardona Julio , Flórez Claudia Patricia
Published: August 2021

Se seleccionaron 13 líneas mejoradas resistentes a la roya, con excelentes características agronómicas, calidad física del grano y calidad en taza catalogada como especial, que pueden entrar a conformar las variedades comerciales vigentes. El departamento del Huila participó con el 43% de las pruebas regionales a nivel de país. El 93% de las líneas seleccionadas poseen mecanismos de resistencia contra la roya diferentes a los que poseen las variedades comerciales actuales, los cuales contribuirán a la durabilidad de la resistencia en las variedades comerciales actuales.
La caficultura bajo sombra para el departamento de Huila
Authors: Farfán-Valencia Fernando
Published: August 2021

La producción de café con el asocio de árboles tiene ventajas ambientales como la conservación y mejoramiento del suelo, reforzar y establecer la sostenibilidad de las fincas de los caficultores mediante la promoción de la diversificación productiva y capacitación en el manejo de sistemas, mejorar y mantener otros tipos de agricultura alterna, aumentar los niveles de materia orgánica del suelo, fijación del nitrógeno atmosférico y reciclaje de nutrientes, entre otros. Desde el punto de vista económico, los árboles en asocio con el café modifican el microclima dentro del cultivo, mediante el acondicionamiento del sitio del cultivo en regiones donde por condiciones de clima, no es factible el cultivo del café a libre exposición solar; así se optimiza la productividad del sistema mediante la producción sostenible. Desde el punto de vista social, brindan ambientes confortables, protegen de las inclemencias climáticas y embellecen el paisaje, entre otros.
Akan Indigenous Knowledge Systems and the Christian Faith in Ghana: A Review of the Major Works of Robert Rattray
Authors: Opuni-Frimpong Kwabena
Published: August 2021

The Western missionaries’ attitude towards Asante indigenous belief systems created the impression that Christianity was unable to live side by side with Asante indigenous knowledge systems. The missionaries ended up creating tension between the Christian faith and the pre-missionary cultural values. The indigenous knowledge systems that informed the world views of the people were not considered an integral part of the available resources for the shaping of the Asante Christian worldview. The Salem communities, for example, were set up to facilitate the disconnection of the new converts from their cultural past. This study is about the available pre-missionary Asante indigenous knowledge systems that Robert Sutherland Rattray after thorough studies published and made available to facilitate all aspects of the Asante life especially interpretation and transmission of the Christian faith. With a critical examination of the various major works of Robert Rattray and observation of Asante cultural and Christian activities, the study identified some specific areas that the Asante indigenous knowledge systems have lived side by side with the Christian faith. The study concludes with a call for respect, pride and intentional exploration into the indigenous knowledge systems to serve the Asante and other Akan Christian needs.

Keywords: Robert Sutherland Rattray, Indigenous Knowledge System, Christian Faith, Asante, Cultural Values.
SURVIVAL CAUSAL PATTERNS OF SOCIAL AND COMMERCIAL ENTREPRENEURIAL INITIATIVES IN SPAIN
Authors: Revuelto-Taboada Lorenzo , Redondo-Cano Ana , Balbastre-Benavent Francisco
Published: August 2021

This research aims at analysing the influence of a holistic configuration of factors related to industry and the characteristics of the entrepreneur and the business, on the survival of social and commercial entrepreneurial initiatives in both, new and consolidated companies. The sample ranges from 2,851 to 2,109 firms, according to the period considered, and has been obtained from the reports of the projects submitted to the Assistance Programme to Young Entrepreneurs, promoted by the Valencian Institute of Youth. Other sources of information have been the Institute’s own reports and the Chambers of Commerce. A configurational analysis is performed using the Fuzzy-Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis. The results obtained show that there is no necessary condition by itself and that there are several sufficient solutions that explain a considerable percentage of survival cases. They also show how the solutions vary significantly and, consequently, the relevance of the different causal antecedents, when the company acquires greater maturity.
The Hubble PanCET Program: Transit and Eclipse Spectroscopy of the Strongly Irradiated Giant Exoplanet WASP-76b
Authors: Fu Guangwei , Deming Drake , Lothringer Joshua , Nikolov Nikolay , Sing David K. , Kempton Eliza M.-R. , Ih Jegug , Evans Thomas M. , Stevenson Kevin , Wakeford H. R. , Rodriguez Joseph E. , Eastman Jason D. , Stassun Keivan , Henry Gregory W. , López-Morales Mercedes , Lendl Monika , Conti Dennis M. , Stockdale Chris , Collins Karen , Kielkopf John , Barstow Joanna K. , Sanz-Forcada Jorge , Ehrenreich David , Bourrier Vincent , dos Santos Leonardo A.
Published: August 2021

Ultra-hot Jupiters with equilibrium temperatures greater than 2000 K are uniquely interesting targets as they provide us crucial insights into how atmospheres behave under extreme conditions. This class of giant planets receives intense radiation from their host star and usually has strongly irradiated and highly inflated atmospheres. At such a high temperature, cloud formation is expected to be suppressed and thermal dissociation of water vapor could occur. We observed the ultra-hot Jupiter WASP-76b with seven transits and five eclipses using the Hubble Space Telescope and the Spitzer Space Telescope (Spitzer) for a comprehensive study of its atmospheric chemical and physical processes. We detected TiO and H2O absorption in the optical and near-infrared transit spectrum. Additional absorption by a number of neutral and ionized heavy metals like Fe, Ni, Ti, and SiO help explain the short-wavelength transit spectrum. The secondary eclipse spectrum shows muted water feature but a strong CO emission feature in Spitzer’s 4.5 μm band indicating an inverted temperature pressure profile. We analyzed both the transit and eclipse spectra with a combination of self-consistent PHOENIX models and atmospheric retrieval. Both spectra were well fitted by the self-consistent PHOENIX forward atmosphere model in chemical and radiative equilibrium at solar metallicity, adding to the growing evidence that both TiO/VO and NUV heavy metals opacity are prominent NUV-optical opacity sources in the stratospheres of ultra-hot Jupiters.
Anharmonic Vibrational Spectrum and Experimental Matrix Isolation Study of Thioformic Acid Conformers—Potential Candidates for Molecular Cloud and Solar System Observations?
Authors: Lignell Antti , Osadchuk Irina , Räsänen Markku , Lundell Jan
Published: August 2021

Thioformic acid (TFA) is the sulfur analog of formic acid, the simplest organic acid. It has three analogs, HCOSH, HCSOH, and HCSSH, each of them having two rotational isomeric (rotameric) forms: trans and cis where the trans form is energetically more stable. In this article, we study computational energetics and anharmonic vibrational spectrum of TFA, including overtone and combination vibrations. We also studied experimental photoisomerization and photodecomposition channels of HCOSH molecules with different wavelengths. We suggest that TFA is a potential sulfur-containing candidate molecule for interstellar and planetary observations and discuss these in light of different radiation environments in space. More generally, we discuss that infrared radiation-driven photoisomerization reactions may be a common phenomenon in such environments and can affect the chemical reaction pathways of organic and other interstellar molecules.
Cosmological Simulations of Quasar Fueling to Subparsec Scales Using Lagrangian Hyper-refinement
Authors: Anglés-Alcázar Daniel , Quataert Eliot , Hopkins Philip F. , Somerville Rachel S. , Hayward Christopher C. , Faucher-Giguère Claude-André , Bryan Greg L. , Kereš Dušan , Hernquist Lars , Stone James M.
Published: August 2021

We present cosmological hydrodynamic simulations of a quasar-mass halo (M
halo ≈ 1012.5
M
⊙ at z = 2) that for the first time resolve gas transport down to the inner 0.1 pc surrounding the central massive black hole. We model a multiphase interstellar medium including stellar feedback by supernovae, stellar winds, and radiation, and a hyper-Lagrangian refinement technique increasing the resolution dynamically approaching the black hole. We do not include black hole feedback. We show that the subpc inflow rate (1) can reach ∼6 M
⊙ yr−1 roughly in steady state during the epoch of peak nuclear gas density (z ∼ 2), sufficient to power a luminous quasar, (2) is highly time variable in the pre-quasar phase, spanning 0.001–10 M
⊙ yr−1 on Myr timescales, and (3) is limited to short (∼2 Myr) active phases (0.01–0.1 M
⊙ yr−1) followed by longer periods of inactivity at lower nuclear gas density and late times (z ∼ 1), owing to the formation of a hot central cavity. Inflowing gas is primarily cool, rotational support dominates over turbulence and thermal pressure, and star formation can consume as much gas as provided by inflows across 1 pc–10 kpc. Gravitational torques from multiscale stellar non-axisymmetries dominate angular momentum transport over gas self-torquing and pressure gradients, with accretion weakly dependent on black hole mass. Subpc inflow rates correlate with nuclear (but decouple from global) star formation and can exceed the Eddington rate by ×10. The black hole can move ∼10 pc from the galaxy center on ∼0.1 Myr. Accreting gas forms pc-scale, rotationally supported, obscuring structures often misaligned with the galaxy-scale disk. These simulations open a new avenue to investigate black hole–galaxy coevolution.
Origin of Spectral Hardening of Secondary Cosmic-Ray Nuclei
Authors: Kawanaka Norita , Lee Shiu-Hang
Published: August 2021

We discuss the acceleration and escape of secondary cosmic-ray (CR) nuclei, such as lithium, beryllium, and boron, produced by spallation of primary CR nuclei like carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen accelerated at the shock in supernova remnants (SNRs) surrounded by the interstellar medium (ISM) or a circumstellar medium (CSM). We take into account the energy-dependent escape of CR particles from the SNR shocks, which is supported by gamma-ray observations of SNRs, to calculate the spectra of primary and secondary CR nuclei running away into the ambient medium. We find that if the SNR is surrounded by a CSM with a wind-like density distribution (i.e., n
CSM ∝ r
−2), the spectra of the escaping secondary nuclei are harder than those of the escaping primary nuclei, while if the SNR is surrounded by a uniform ISM, the spectra of the escaping secondaries are always softer than those of the escaping primaries. Using this result, we show that if there was a past supernova surrounded by a dense wind-like CSM (∼2.5 × 10−3
M
⊙ yr−1), which happened ∼1.6 × 105 yr ago at a distance of ∼1.6 kpc, we can simultaneously reproduce the spectral hardening of primary and secondary CRs above ∼200 GV that have recently been reported by AMS-02.
Gamma-ray irradiation modulates PGRMC1 expression and the number of CD56+ and FoxP3+ cells in the tumor microenvironment of endometrial endometrioid adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zinovkin Dmitry Aleksandrovich , Lyzikova Yulia Anatolievna , Nadyrov Eldar Arkadievich , Petrenyov Daniil Rudolfovich , Yuzugulen Jale , Pranjol Md Zahidul Islam
Published: August 2021

Purpose: Although the conventional gamma ray brachytherapy has been successful in treating endometrioid endometrial adenocarcinoma (EC), the molecular and cellular mechanisms of this anti-tumorigenic response remain unclear. Therefore, we investigated whether gamma ray irradiation induces changes in the number of FoxP3+ T-regulatory lymphocytes (Tregs), CD56+ natural killer cells (NK), and the expression of progesterone receptor membrane component 1 (PGRMC1) in the tumor microenvironment (TME).Materials and Methods: According to the inclusion criteria, 127 cases were selected and grouped into irradiation-treated (Rad+) and control (underwent surgery) groups and analyzed using immunohistochemistry. Predictive prognostic values were analyzed using Mann-Whitney U test, ROC analysis, relative risk, log-rank, Spearman rank tests and multivariate Cox’s regression.Results: We observed significant differences (p < 0.001) between the radiation-treated patients and the control groups in FoxP3+ Tregs numbers, CD56+ NK cells and PGRMC1 expression. Gamma ray induced a 3.71- and 3.39-fold increase in the infiltration of FoxP3+ cells, CD56+ NK cells, respectively and 0.0034-fold change in PGRMC1 expression. Univariate and multivariate analyses revealed predictive role of the parameters. In the irradiated patients’ group, inverted correlations between clinical unfavorable outcome, FoxP3+ Tregs and CD56+ NK cells were observed.Conclusion: Our results suggest an immune-modulating role, specifically by increasing immune cell infiltration, of gamma radiation in the TME which may potentially be utilized as biomarkers in prognostic values.
A synopsis of the Bee occurrence data of northern Tanzania
Authors: Lasway Julius , Kinabo Neema , Mremi Rudolf , Martin Emanuel , Nyakunga Oliver , Sanya John , Rwegasira Gration M. , Lesio Nicephor , Gideon Hulda , Pauly Alain , Eardley Connal , Peters Marcell , Peterson Andrew , Steffan-Dewenter Ingolf , Njovu Henry
Published: August 2021

Bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila) are the most important group of pollinators with about 20,507 known species worldwide. Despite the critical role of bees in providing pollination services, studies aiming at understanding which species are present across disturbance gradients are scarce. Limited taxononomic information for the existing and unidentified bee species in Tanzania make their conservation haphazard. Here, we present a dataset of bee species records obtained from a survey in nothern Tanzania i.e. Kilimanjaro, Arusha and Manyara regions. Our findings serve as baseline data necessary for understanding the diversity and distribution of bees in the northern parts of the country, which is a critical step in devising robust conservation and monitoring strategies for their populations.

In this paper, we present information on 45 bee species belonging to 20 genera and four families sampled using a combination of sweep-netting and pan trap methods. Most species (27, ~ 60%) belong to the family Halictidae followed by 16 species (35.5%) from the family Apidae. Megachilidae and Andrenidae were the least represented, each with only one species (2.2%). Additional species of Apidae and Megachilidae sampled during this survey are not yet published on Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF), once they will be available on GBIF, they will be published in a subsequent paper. From a total of 953 occurrences, highest numbers were recorded in Kilimanjaro Region (n = 511), followed by Arusha (n = 410) and Manyara (n = 32), but this pattern reflects the sampling efforts of the research project rather than real bias in the distributions of bee species in northern Tanzania.
Effect of esomeprazole on lipid profile in patients with peptic ulcer
Authors: Abdullah Eman , Dhiaa Sarraa , Saleh Khalaf , Merkhan Marwan
Published: August 2021

Esomeprazole; a newly introduced PPI has been widely prescribed by healthcare providers due to its improved pharmacokinetic profile. Most users could have other diseases and the PPIs are indicated as acid-suppressor to minimize gastric side effects of polypharmacy. A high percentage of users could suffer from cardiovascular diseases and lipid dysmetabolism. Hence, this study was designed to determine the impact of long-term use of esomeprazole on lipid profile in a normal subject other than having peptic ulcer for which esomeprazole has been indicated. Results confirmed that esomeprazole reduced triglyceride and HDL levels and elevated total cholesterol level and correspondingly LDL level was elevated, however, no effect was noticed with VLDL. To sum up, esomeprazole impaired lipid metabolism in apparently normal healthy individuals apart from having peptic ulcer for which the esomeprazole was indicated, this finding rise a caution during prescribing esomeprazole for the patient with multiple diseases and polypharmacy including cardiovascular ailments.
Engagement, apprentissage et activité de recherche en situation de confinement : le cas d’étudiants de master en formation des adultes
Authors: Merhan France
Published: August 2021

Notre contribution a pour objet de comprendre les effets du premier confinement sur l’apprentissage et le travail de recherche d’étudiants de master. Les concepts de motivation et d’engagement ainsi que la théorie de l’autodétermination ont été mobilisés pour tenter de saisir l’expérience vécue des étudiants en particulier par rapport à la réalisation de leur mémoire. L’analyse de six entretiens semi-directifs met en lumière que ce confinement, malgré les contraintes qu’il a instaurées, conduit les étudiants à se surprendre en trouvant des ressources inédites pour s’engager dans leur apprentissage et conduire leur travail de recherche.
Analyse comparative de l’engagement de doctorants en éducation en période de confinement
Authors: Chachkine Elsa , Frenay Mariane , Hanin Vanessa , Huet Amandine , Labetoulle Aude , Van Nieuwenhoven Catherine
Published: August 2021

Les recherches menées sur le doctorat ont montré qu’y persévérer requiert un sentiment de progression, une appropriation forte du projet par le doctorant, ainsi qu’un certain équilibre émotionnel. Dans le contexte particulier du confinement (Covid-19), quelles couleurs prend cet engagement ? Comment s’articulent les différentes activités de la vie quotidienne et le travail de doctorat ? 55 doctorants issus de Belgique et de France ont répondu à une série de questions ouvertes pour nous aider à comprendre comment ils ont vécu cette période. L’analyse révèle une variété de réactions qui transcendent les frontières, témoignant de la singularité de leur situation, de motifs d’adaptations semblables, ainsi que des comportements distincts révélateurs de conditions d’organisation du doctorat différentes.
Characterisation of black soldier fly larva protein before and after conjugation by the Maillard reaction
Authors: Zozo B. , Wicht M.M. , Mshayisa V.V. , van Wyk J.
Published: August 2021

Black soldier fly has been proposed as an alternative protein source sustainable for both food and feed due to its nutritional composition. The functional properties of this protein can be improved by inducing the Maillard reaction (MR) in protein-sugar mixtures. This study focused on the conjugation and characterisation of black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) proteins and conjugates. The defatted BSFL larvae were subjected to protein extraction at an alkaline pH. The protein extract was then conjugated with glucose. The BSFL protein and glucose were mixed at (2:1 w/w, pH 9), incubated at 50, 70, and 90 °C for 30, 60, 90 and 120 min. The products obtained were then characterised and compared. The changes were confirmed by universal attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (UATR-FTIR), scanning electron microscopy, thermal gravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry. UATR-FTIR combined with principal component analysis monitored the protein-sugar conjugates, to show the structural difference among heated proteins and conjugates. The heating treatments resulted in the unfolding and reduction of the protein molecule aggregation. The protein extract from the larvae was rich in protein content (67±0.78%) and displayed good essential amino acids (EAA) in sufficient quantities to meet the dietary requirements for humans. The EAA quantities of the conjugates decreased due to the MR treatment. The conjugates showed a significant decrease in the lysine content as a function of reaction temperature and time at 90 °C and 120 min, respectively. FTIR indicated that the amide I and II bands of the protein were altered by the MR. The increased Tmax (the temperature at which decomposition is completed) demonstrated that the conjugation of the protein with glucose improved the thermal stability, remarkably. These results suggested that MR with glucose can be a promising way to improve the thermal properties of BSFL protein.
An “Exploding Cataract” Following Nd:YAG Laser Iridectomy
Authors: Lin Jen-Chieh , Katz L. Jay , Spaeth George L. , Klancnik James M.
Published: August 2021

A case of an “exploding” cataract (an iatrogenic posterior capsular rupture) following Nd:YAG laser iridectomy is described. Rapid cataract development was observed in the right eye of a 76-year-old woman following an iridectomy. B-scan ultrasonography documented cortical debris in the vitreous cavity. The patient underwent an extracapsular cataract extraction and intraocular lens implantation. During the cataract extraction, a posterior capsular tear extending from the 10-o'clock to the 4-o'clock position was noted, through which fluffy cortical material was floating in the vitreous.
[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging 2003;34:310–311.]
Coats' Syndrome as a Cause of Secondary Open-Angle Glaucoma
Authors: Eibschitz-Tsimhoni Maya , Johnson Mark W. , Johnson T. Mark , Moroi Sayoko E.
Published: August 2021

A case of Coats' syndrome presenting with acute secondary open-angle glaucoma is described. A 41-year-old woman presented with eye pain and an intraocular pressure of 50 mm Hg in the right eye. Numerous hyperrefringent yellow–white crystals were seen in the anterior chamber and in a recessed anterior chamber angle. Fundus examination revealed an inferior yellow exudative retinal detachment with retinal vascular abnormalities resembling Coats' disease. Following lensectomy, vitrectomy, retinal reattachment, and endolaser photocoagulation, the intraocular pressure stabilized within normal limits. Coats' syndrome may cause increased intraocular pressure by a secondary open-angle mechanism, even in phakic eyes. Removal of the lipid crystals and treatment of the anomalous vessels may be sufficient to control the intraocular pressure.
[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging 2003;34:312–314.]
Comparison of Ocular Hemodynamics Measured by a New Retinal Blood Flowmeter and Color Doppler Imaging
Authors: Kagemann Larry , Harris Alon , Jonescu-Cuypers Christian , Kumar Rishi , Sheets Clinton , Rechtman Ehud , Migliardi Renata , Garzozi Hanna J.
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:

To compare measurements of a new retinal blood flow device with central retinal artery blood velocity.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

One randomly selected eye from each of 13 subjects was examined. Blood flow was measured by laser blood flowmeter and velocity by color Doppler imaging. The correlation between measurements was analyzed using regression analysis where a
P
value of less than .05 and coefficient of regression values of greater than .5 were considered significant.

RESULTS:

The laser blood flowmeter produced vessel diameter measurements of 90.1 ± 18.7 µm (mean ± standard deviation), velocity of 19.7 ± 8.06 mm/sec, and flow measurements of 4.24 ± 2.41 µL/min. Central retinal artery peak systolic velocity, end diastolic velocity, and mean velocity correlated significantly with laser blood flowmeter velocity (
P
= .01,
r
= .66;
P
< .01,
r
= .77; and
P
= .003,
r
= .76, respectively) and flow (
P
= .01,
r
= .71;
P
= .03,
r
= .6; and
P
= .01,
r
= .69, respectively).

CONCLUSIONS:

The laser blood flowmeter produces retinal artery flow and velocity measurements that correlate with central retinal artery peak systolic velocity, end diastolic velocity, and mean velocity measurements. Further validation of the laser blood flowmeter's accuracy in measuring real flow is warranted and likely requires more invasive in vivo studies (in animal models). However, this study supports the ability of the laser blood flowmeter to measure retinal blood flow.

[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging 2003;34:342–347.]
Asymptotic finite-dimensional approximations for a class of extensible elastic systems
Authors: Fogato Matteo ,   Dipartimento di Matematica, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci, 32 - 20133 Milano, Italy
Published: August 2021

We consider the equation

   \begin{document}$ u_{tt}+\delta u_t+A^2u+{\lVert{A^{\theta/2} u}\rVert}^2A^\theta u = g $\end{document}

where $ A^2 $ is a diagonal, self-adjoint and positive-definite operator and $ \theta \in [0, 1] $ and we study some finite-dimensional approximations of the problem. First, we analyze the dynamics in the case when the forcing term $ g $ is a combination of a finite number of modes. Next, we estimate the error we commit by neglecting the modes larger than a given $ N $. We then prove, for a particular class of forcing terms, a theoretical result allowing to study the distribution of the energy among the modes and, with this background, we refine the results. Some generalizations and applications to the study of the stability of suspension bridges are given.
"A mulher soldado" nos palcos (São João Del-Rei, Minas Gerais, 1916)
Authors: Sá Carolina Mafra de , Galvão Ana Maria de Oliveira
Published: August 2021

As apresentações da opereta A mulher soldado em São João del-Rei - MG (1916) foram muito apreciadas pelo público e pela imprensa e se configuraram como performances que educaram sensibilidades. Este artigo analisa o manuscrito da peça, jornais locais e uma peça são-joanense do período, fontes encontradas no acervo que pertencia ao grupo amador responsável pelos espetáculos. Buscamos compreendera educação das sensibilidades que teria ocorrido durante essas encenações. Apoiadas nos estudos sobre a história da educação das sensibilidades, identificamos que os espetáculos ao mesmo tempo em que reforçavam sensibilidades ligadas à dominação masculina, impostas por uma elite dominante, davam margem para que pessoas simpáticas à luta feminista experimentassem novas sensibilidades.
Do caráter estético do esporte
Authors: Gonçalves Michelle Carreirão , Galak Eduardo , Vaz Alexandre Fernandez
Published: August 2021

O presente trabalho trata da análise de um conjunto de textos do argentino Jorge Romero Brest, publicados na Revista de la Educación Física entre os anos 1928 e 1930. Os artigos em questão pautam o tema do caráter estético do esporte a partir do diálogo com diferentes áreas como a educação, filosofia, arte e a própria educação física. Mobilizando conhecimentos e a sua formação como professor desta disciplina, bem como de crítico de arte, os textos apresentam uma leitura singular do fenômeno esportivo ainda nas primeiras décadas do século XX, mostrando seu potencial de artefato estético, tanto no sentido da produção de emoção quanto de forma.
O cuidar como profissão das mulheres
Authors: Galvíncio Amanda Sousa , De Carvalho Costa Jean Carlo
Published: August 2021

Na transição do século XIX para o século XX poucas foram as mulheres que tiveram acesso ao ensino superior. Neste artigo, investigamos a trajetória intelectual de Eudésia Vieira: a primeira médica paraibana, formada em 1934. O estudo utilizou fontes (auto)biográficas e artigos de jornais. Diante disso, é possível indicar três elementos comuns nas trajetórias das primeiras médicas brasileiras: 1) as dificuldades enfrentadas por elas no contexto político e cultural do período, 2) a profissão docente como a primeira atividade realizada no espaço público e 3) a medicina como profissão para cuidar de outras mulheres e das crianças. Além disso, Eudésia Vieira fez parte do grupo de intelectuais católicas que ascenderam na imprensa para propagar os ideais reformistas de cunho cristão
A temática da ‘educação pública’ na escrita da história da educação de Lorenzo Luzuriaga
Authors: Menezes Roni Cleber Dias de
Published: August 2021

O artigo trata do comparecimento da temática ‘educação pública’ na obra pedagógica do educador espanhol Lorenzo Luzuriaga, buscando uma compreensão acerca dos traços de sua escrita da história da educação que são dados a ver nos seus títulos que integram a Biblioteca del Maestro, coleção organizada por ele mesmo na Editorial Losada de Buenos Aires. Tais traços são pensados fundamentalmente a partir da análise do livro Historia de la educación pública, publicado em 1946, e também por intermédio da perscrutação da trajetória intelectual de Luzuriaga. Os procedimentos adotados intentam fornecer possíveis respostas às representações assumidas por uma noção cara ao seu professado escolanovismo, o da prerrogativa estatal na organização da educação, tomando-se por ângulo de observação uma das obras representativas do seu modo de escrita da história da educação. Os resultados da investigação apontam para o enquadramento da temática na perspectiva do internacionalismo que ganhava força com o final da Segunda Guerra Mundial e a criação de instituições de alcance global, como a Organização das Nações Unidas.
A cultura escolar democrática no Colégio Universitário da UFMA (1980-1995)
Authors: Castellanos Samuel Luis Velázquez , Oliveira Wilson Raimundo de
Published: August 2021

Aborda-se o conjunto de práticas e representações culturais do Colégio Universitário da Universidade Federal do Maranhão (1980 a 1995), e a materialização da cultura escolar democrática via práticas escolares. Avaliam-se práticas educativas, pedagógicas e culturais que transformadas em rituais escolares denunciam a gramática escolar e sua identidade como Colégio de Aplicação. Utilizam-se pressupostos teórico-metodológicos da história cultural para cruzar dados extraídos de jornais, dispositivos legais, arquivo escolar e entrevistas. Concluiu-se que a integração política entre modos de conhecimento e exercício do poder mediada por táticas de apropriação na busca do sucesso escolar aponta o COLUN como instrumento de inserção/ascensão social num processo de emancipação contínua via educação
Fundamentação da história da educação brasileira
Authors: Briskievicz Danilo Arnaldo
Published: August 2021

O objetivo deste estudo é proporcionar o alargamento da concepção de narrativa histórica educacional, nesse caso, do Brasil Colônia, especialmente na transição entre os séculos XVII e XVIII em torno do conceito de gesto pedagógico colonial. Descrevemos este conceito e propomos sua confrontação com a realidade histórica da formação do território brasileiro, especificamente em torno do território mineiro, nas minas do Serro do Frio (Vila do Príncipe, capital da Comarca do Serro do Frio atual cidade do Serro/MG). Para isso, introduzimos a noção de documento como processos para consulta escritos em sagradas letras a fim de dizer os ausentes, responsável pela condução dos procedimentos de controle da Coroa portuguesa de seu reino e de suas colônias, a partir de alguns argumentos de António Manuel Hespanha, em especial dos Regimentos. A metodologia circunscreve-se em torno de pesquisa bibliográfica de documentos arquivísticos portugueses e brasileiros, bem como o diálogo de pensamento com historiadores. O resultado alcançado é a oferta de fundamentação para a narrativa histórica educacional, em especial, para a revelação do papel da educação – formal ou informal – na leitura e escrita da história colonial brasileira.
A constituição de projetos formativos latino-americanos para a Educação Física (1944-1952)
Authors: Cassani Juliana Martins , Carvalho Lucas Oliveira Rodrigues de , Ferreira Neto Amarílio
Published: August 2021

A pesquisa analisa os dispositivos utilizados pela imprensa periódica de ensino e de técnicas para constituir projetos formativos para a Educação Física fundamentados nas especificidades culturais latino-americanas. Possui como fonte a Revista Brasileira de Educação Física (1944-1952) e utiliza como pressuposto teórico-metodológico o conceito de análise pela materialidade. As fontes acenam para as estratégias editoriais que ampliaram a circulação do periódico internacionalmente, materializando-o como espaço de intercâmbio entre os articulistas dedicados às problemáticas do campo da atuação profissional. A publicação de orientações didáticas, divulgações de Congressos, cursos de formação e oferta de bolsas de estudos consolidou a campanha de cooperação entre o Brasil e os países vizinhos.