bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clostridioides difficile infection in frail older patients, quality in treatment and care: the CLODIFRAIL study protocol for a multicentre randomised controlled trial
Authors: Rubak Tone , Veilbæk Hanne , Gregersen Merete , Asferg Malene , Barat Ishay , Johnsen Joanna Secher , Riis Mikael Groth , Rosenbæk Jeppe , Ørum Marianne , Vinding Rita Stockholm , Sørensen Carl Aksel Kragh , Steves Claire J , Baunwall Simon Mark Dahl , Hvas Christian Lodberg , Damsgaard Else Marie Skjøde
Published: April 2023

Background:Clostridioides difficileinfection (CDI) is complex and associated with adverse clinical outcomes in older patients, including increased mortality rates. Effective transition of care for patients with CDI is critical to improve survival and health outcomes and to reduce recurrence rates. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of a geriatric tailored intervention for older patients with CDI on patient survival, compared with older patients with CDI who receive usual care.Methods: This is a quality improvement study, comparing two organisational pathways. We include 216 patients aged 70 years or more and diagnosed with CDI. Patients with a positiveClostridioides difficiletoxin PCR test are randomised 1:1 to either 1) a geriatric tailored assessment and intervention (the CLODIFRAIL intervention) or 2) usual care at the treating physician’s discretion. The intervention consists of three main parts: 1) a clinical geriatric assessment; 2) a clinical evaluation of indication for and treatment with faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT); 3) weekly clinical assessments during eight weeks. The follow-up period is 90 days. The primary outcome is 90-day survival from the date of positive CDI PCR test. Patient-related secondary outcome measures include quality of life measured by EQ-5D-5L and by the Overall Quality of Life Depression List (OQoL-DL) and functional status measured by the Functional Recovery Score (FRS). Quality-related secondary outcome measures include time-to-treatment with FMT, time-to-treatment with vancomycin, CDI recurrence, readmission, and days in hospital.Discussion: This study will provide new knowledge on the effects of a geriatric tailored intervention for older patients with CDI, including an early assessment of the indication for FMT.Trial registration: The study was pre-registered at ClinicalTrials.gov on 28 June, 2022. Study identifier: NCT05447533.
Sharp coefficients bounds for Starlike functions associated with Gregory coefficients
Authors: Kazımoğlu Sercan , Deniz Erhan , Srivas H. M.
Published: April 2023

In this paper we introduced the class SG* of analytic functions which is related with starlike functions and generating functionof Gregory coefficients. By using bounds on some coefficient functionals for the family of functions with positive real part, we obtain several sharp coefficient bounds on the first six coeffcients and also further sharp bounds on the corresponding Hankel determinants for functions in the class SG*. Additionally, the sharp bounds for logarithmic and inverse coefficients of functions belonging to the considered class SG* were estimated.
Mathematics Subject Classification (2010). Priminary 30C45; Secondary 30C50, 30C80.
Gender versus sex in predicting outcomes of traumatic brain injury: A cohort study utilizing large administrative databases
Authors: Teterina Anastasia , Zulbayar Suvd , Mollayeva Tatyana , Chan Vincy , Colantonio Angela , Escobar Michael
Published: April 2023

Understanding the factors associated with elevated risks and adverse consequences of traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an integral part of developing preventive measures for TBI. Brain injury outcomes differ based on one’s sex (biological characteristics) and gender (social characteristics reflecting norms and relationships), however, whether it is sex or gender that drives differences in early (30-day) mortality and discharge location post-TBI event are unknown. In the absence of gender variable in existing data, we developed a method for “measuring gender” in 276,812 residents of Ontario, Canada who entered the emergency department and acute care hospitals with a TBI diagnostic code between April 1st, 2002 and March 31st, 2020. We analysed differences in diagnostic codes between the sexes to derive gender score that reflected social dimensions. Sex had a significant effect on early mortality after severe TBI with a rate ratio (95% confidence interval (CI)) of 1.54 (1.24-1.91). Gender had a more significant effect than sex on discharge location. A person expressing more female-like characteristics have lower odds of being discharged to rehabilitation versus home with odds ratio (95% CI) of 0.54 (0.32-0.88). The method we propose offers an opportunity to measure gender effect independently of sex on TBI outcomes.
Adoption of global circular waste management systems is crucial to cut leakage of waste into aquatic environments
Authors: Sanabria Adriana Gomez , Lindl Florian
Published: April 2023

Waste leakage has become a major global concern due to the negative impacts on aquatic ecosystems and human health. By contrasting baseline with mitigation scenarios, our study combines spatial analysis with the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways storylines to develop plausible future waste leakage mitigation strategies up to 2040. Our study indicates that the leakage of MSW to the aquatic environments is highly dependent on population size, populated area (urban – rural), physical environment presence, length and area of aquatic systems, waste generation and composition, and level of waste management systems. We found that not necessarily countries exhibiting the highest amounts of uncollected waste coincide with countries having the highest waste leakage in the aquatic environments. The results show that the adoption of circular waste management systems would be an active mitigation strategy that could stop waste from entering the aquatic ecosystems in the first place. However, even in a scenario representing a sustainable world in which technical, social, and financial barriers are overcome and public awareness and participation to reduce, reuse and recycling waste exists, it would be impossible to mitigate and eliminate waste leakage before 2030. This translates into a failure to meet the waste-related Sustainable Development Goals.
Talin2 and KANK2 functionally interact to regulate microtubule dynamics, paclitaxel sensitivity and cell migration in the MDA-MB-435S melanoma cell line
Authors: Lončarić Marija , Stojanović Nikolina , Justament Anja Rac , Coopmans Kaatje , Majhen Dragomira , Humphries Jonathan D , Humphries Martin J , Ambriovic-Ristov Andreja
Published: April 2023

BackgroundFocal adhesions (FAs) are integrin-containing, multi-protein structures that link intracellular actin to the extracellular matrix and trigger multiple signaling pathways that control cell proliferation, differentiation, survival and motility. Microtubules (MTs) are stabilized in the vicinity of FAs through interaction with the components of the cortical microtubule stabilising complex (CMSC). KANK (KN motif and ankyrin repeat domains) family proteins within the CMSC, KANK1 or KANK2, bind talin within FAs and thus mediate actin-MT crosstalk. We previously identified in MDA-MB-435S cells, which preferentially use integrin αVβ5 for adhesion, KANK2 as a key molecule enabling the actin-MT crosstalk. KANK2 knockdown also resulted in increased sensitivity to MT poisons, paclitaxel (PTX) and vincristine and reduced migration. Here, we aimed to analyze whether KANK1 has a similar role and to distinguish which talin isoform binds KANK2.MethodsThe cell model consisted of human melanoma cell line MDA-MB-435S and stably transfected clone with decreased expression of integrin αV (3αV). For transient knockdown of talin1, talin2, KANK1 or KANK2 we used gene-specific siRNAs transfection. Using previously standardized protocol we isolated integrin adhesion complexes. SDS-PAGE and Western blot was used for protein expression analysis. The immunofluorescence analysis and live cell imaging was done using confocal microscopy. Cell migration was analyzed with Transwell Cell Culture Inserts. Statistical analysis using GraphPad Software consisted of either one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), unpaired Student’s t-test or two-way ANOVA analysis.ResultsWe show that KANK1 is not a part of the CMSC associated with integrin αVβ5 FAs and its knockdown did not affect the velocity of MT growth or cell sensitivity to PTX. The talin2 knockdown mimicked KANK2 knockdown i.e. led to the perturbation of actin-MT crosstalk, which is indicated by the increased velocity of MT growth and increased sensitivity to PTX and also reduced migration.ConclusionWe conclude that KANK2 functionally interacts with talin2 and that the mechanism of increased sensitivity to PTX involves changes in microtubule dynamics. These data elucidate a cell-type-specific role of talin2 and KANK2 isoforms and we propose that talin2 and KANK2 are therefore potential therapeutic targets for improved cancer therapy.
Machinability Study of Super Duplex Stainless Steel S32750 with Magnetorheological Fluid Assisted Nano Finished Cutting Tool Inserts
Authors: Thiyagu M. , Anbuchezhiyan G. , Elanchezhian J. , Palani Kumaran , Narendranathan S.K
Published: April 2023

To improve tribological properties in the tool chip contact zone, coated carbide tool insert surfaces are nano-finished using magnetorheological fluid (MRF) with diamond abrasives. In order to polish surfaces without significantly increasing the danger of damage to the tool's cutting blades, the configuration of the magnetic particle chain feeding the abrasives is essential. The CNMG 120408-F3M IC807 ISCAR make coated carbide inserts as received have an average surface roughness of 90 nm on the rake face and 110 nm on the flank surface. This unique MRF-assisted tool finishing process results in surface roughness of the tool inserts of less than 30 nm on the flank and less than 48 nm on the rake face. Turning super duplex stainless steel under dry cutting circumstances encourages the use of environmentally friendly machining methods. The machinability characteristics of the nano finished inserts are investigated in the dry turning of S32750 super duplex stainless steel based on surface roughness, cutting force, and tool wear. Compared to unprocessed tools, MRF-assisted nano finished tools demonstrated up to 30% longer tool life spans. The average tool life for nano-polished inserts is 27 mins, compared to 19 mins for unprocessed inserts for a tool life criterion of max. flank wear land, VB = 500 µm, at a cutting speed of 108 m/min, a feed rate of 0.212 mm/rev, and a depth of cut of 1.2 mm. Turning an S32750 super duplex stainless steel material has also seen an 18% reduction in cutting forces attributed to the use of nano polished inserts that also provide excellent lubricity. In terms of cutting forces, flank wear, and surface roughness, the results show that nano polished inserts perform better than conventional inserts.
Effects of insecurity on inflation in Burkina Faso
Authors: SIRY Abdoulaye , TRAORE Inoussa
Published: April 2023

The price increase has been exacerbated in Burkina Faso compared to other member countries of the West African Economic and Monetary Union. According to the existing literature, plausible explanations for this galloping inflation include the recent health crisis and the economic policy measures taken. However, inflation persists, although the health crisis has subsided. This paper highlights persistent insecurity's effects on inflation in Burkina Faso. ARDL modeling on monthly data from January 2019 to April 2022 was used. The analysis results show that the influx of internally displaced persons (IDPs) and deteriorating agro-climatic conditions drive inflation in Burkina Faso in the short and long term. The marginal effects of IDPs on inflation are about 0.09640, 0.08917, 0.1043, and 0.07827 percent after three, two, one month, and at the current time, respectively. It is recommended that short-term actions support IDPs, such as food allocations and long-term actions. Actions to improve agro-climatic conditions, such as irrigation techniques, should be supported. Indeed, any anti-inflationary policy should take into account non-monetary and monetary factors.
JEL Classification : E31 • J15 • J61 • Q15
Nursing Management of Patients Dealing with Spina Bifida: from the Prenatal Diagnosis to Adulthood / Nursing Intervention for the Improvement of the Impact of Urinary and Fecal Incontinence on the Quality of Life of People Dealing with Spina Bifida
Authors: Calabrese Fabiana , Poziello Antonio , Spiezia Gennaro , Rotunno Tiziana , Chervino Ciro , Iannicelli Anna Maria
Published: April 2023

Background Urinary and fecal incontinence in people dealing with spina bifida, has inevitably an influence on the quality of life. In this analysis, the degree of education on how to manage incontinence and retention is studied, as well as the problems those might create and the consequential degree of autonomy and independence reached into the management of those. The main goal is to increase both nursing assistance and the education of the people dealing with spina bifida.Methods 125 people affected by spina bifida, belonging to the ASBI (Associazione Spina Bifida Italia) decided to file a survey concerning the bowel and bladder management. The survey was done through the “Google Docs” platform, with a link that was then shared to the members of the association by the secretariat of the association itself.Results out of 125 participants, 80 were females and 25 males. The questions concerned the level of deambulation (the 35,2% was autonomous, the 30,4% were people who use wheelchairs while the 34,4% is aid-supported), urinary incontinence, with great concern to the self-catheterization technique (the 80,8% claimed to be autonomous in performing self-catheterization, unlike the remaining 19,2%) and the impact of the said incontinence on social life (the 59,2% claimed they do not feel restrained because of their bladder incontinence or retention, unlike the remaining 40,8%). Lastly, we focused on fecal constipation and incontinence (the 57,6% claimed to struggle with incontinence, the 12% claimed they don’t and the 30,4% struggles with both conditions), on the ability of the people dealing with this to intervene to prevent unpleasant situations, in particular by using trans-anal irrigation (the 57,6% doesn’t feel autonomous in performing it).Conclusion urinary and fecal incontinence have, of course, an impact on the quality of life of people dealing with spina bifida. Nevertheless, we can observe that it is possible to improve the quality of life of these people, letting them feel confident enough to take part in social activities, through education from an incredibly young age, supplied by the medical staff and mostly by the parents (previously educated by the medical staff as well).
Qualitative interviews with Doctor of Pharmacy Graduates on Care Provision to Patients with Mental Illness after a Psychiatric Rotation
Authors: Zolezzi Monica , Ghanem Rawan , Elamin Shahd , Eltorki Yassin
Published: April 2023

Background:Pharmacists are vital to optimizing therapy of patients with mental illness. However, lack of knowledge in mental health, decreased confidence, and stigma could add to pharmacists’ reluctance to provide pharmaceutical care to patients with mental illness. Advanced Practice Pharmacy Experiences in mental health practice can provide valuable learning opportunities and potentially aid in overcoming these barriers to safe and effective mental health care upon graduation.Aim:This study aims to explore the attitudes of PharmD graduates towards provision of pharmaceutical care to patients with mental illness after undergoing a psychiatric rotation.Methods:A qualitative design was used. PharmD graduates who had completed a psychiatric rotation during their PharmD studies were invited to participate in a semi-structured interview. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analysed inductively using thematic analysis.Results:Interviews with PharmD graduates revealed five themes that revolved around prior familiarity to mental health, impression of the rotation, views on stigma, barriers to the rotation, and the positive impact of the rotation while in practice. Although participants started the mental health rotation with low confidence and a sense of fear, they described their experience as unique, eye-opening, and insightful. The participants limited knowledge and familiarity with mental health patients and conditions prior to initiating the rotation were perceived as challenges to achieve full confidence in the provision of mental health care during practice.Conclusion:For the most part, APPE rotation in psychiatry was viewed as a positive opportunity for enhancing the PharmD graduates’ insight, knowledge and skills for the provision of pharmaceutical care to patients with mental illness.
Multiscale Relevance of Natural Images
Authors: Lakhal Samy , Darmon Alexandre , Mastromatteo Iacopo , Marsili Matteo , Benzaquen Michael
Published: April 2023

We use an agnostic information-theoretic approach to investigate the statistical properties of natural images. We introduce the Multiscale Relevance (MSR) measure to assess the robustness of images to compression at all scales. Starting in a controlled environment, we characterize the MSR of synthetic random textures as function of image roughness $\text H$ and other relevant parameters. We then extend the analysis to natural images and find striking similarities with critical ($\text{H}\approx 0$) random textures. We show that the MSR is more robust and informative of image content than classical methods such as power spectrum analysis. Finally, we confront the MSR to classical measures for the calibration of common procedures such as color mapping and denoising. Overall, the MSR approach appears to be a good candidate for advanced image analysis and image processing, while providing a good level of physical interpretability.
Experiences of Hospital Clinical Nurse Educator Role Adaptation: A Meta- Synthesis
Authors: Kim Jeonghyun
Published: April 2023

Background: Hospital clinical nurse educators are becoming important in helping experienced nurses improve their professionalism and facilitating transition of new nurses. Because becoming a nurse educator requires a variety of competencies, hospital clinical nurse educators experience stress and lack of control during the transition from general nurse to educator.
Purpose: To synthesize experiences of hospital clinical nurse educators in the process of role adaptation.
Method: A qualitative meta‐synthesis was conducted according to thematic synthesis methods of Thomas and Harden. Systematic literature review flow chart of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis was used for literature search and selection. Quality appraisal was performed according to Joanna Briggs Institute Qualitative Assessment and Review Instrument.
Results:Hospital clinical nurse educator's experience of role adaptation from four studies appeared in a total of seven themes synthesized into the following: 1) getting out of comfort zone to the unknown; 2) unfamiliar relationships in familiar environments; and 3) growing together through teaching and learning.
Conclusion: Supports are needed to promote transition of hospital clinical nurse educators to improve the quality of nursing education.
Waste Reduction via Computer Vision-based Inspection: Towards Lean Systems in Metal Production
Authors: Shahin Mohammad , Chen F. Frank , Hosseinzadeh Ali , Maghanaki Mazdak
Published: April 2023

The global steel demand continues to increase, with steel being used in various industries, including construction, automobile, national defense, and machinery. However, steel production is a delicate process that can result in different defects on the steel surface, negatively affecting the quality of the steel products. Therefore, recognizing metal surface defects is critical in the metal production industry. Manual detection of these defects is the standard method, but it is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and prone to subjective factors, leading to low accuracy and unreliable results. Automated defect detection using computer vision methods can replace or supplement manual detection. In recent years, machine learning algorithms, particularly Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), have shown great promise in achieving high accuracy rates in this task. In addition, image classification algorithms can contribute to Lean metal production by identifying defects or anomalies in the manufacturing process, which can be used to reduce waste and increase efficiency. However, the performance and cost of different CNN architectures can vary widely, making it challenging for decision-makers to select the most suitable model. This paper analyzes various CNN-based image classification algorithms, including MobileNet, ShuffleNet, DenseNet, RegNet, and NasNet, in classifying steel surface defects in the NEU-CLS-64 dataset. We evaluate their performance using metrics such as accuracy, precision, sensitivity, specificity, F1 score, and G-mean, and benchmark these models against each other. Our findings revealed that RegNet achieved the highest accuracy, precision, sensitivity, specificity, F1 score, and G-mean performance but at a higher cost than other models. Meanwhile, MobileNet had the lowest performance. The results provide decision-makers with valuable insights into selecting the most suitable CNN model for steel surface defect detection based on their performance.
Identification and high-resolution mapping of a novel tiller inhibition gene (tin6) by combining forward genetics screen and MutMap approach in bread wheat
Authors: Schoen Adam , Yadav Inderjit , Wu Shuangye , Poland Jesse , Rawat Nidhi , Tiwari Vijay
Published: April 2023

Wheat (Triticum aestivum) is one of the most important food crops worldwide, providing up to 20% of the caloric intake per day. Developing high-yielding wheat cultivars with tolerance against abiotic and biotic stresses is important to keep up with the increasing human population. Tiller number is one of the major yield-related traits, directly affecting the number of grains produced per plant, however, only a small number of QTL and underlining genes have been identified for this important factor. Identification of novel genetic variation underlying contrasting traits and their precise genetic mapping in wheat is considered difficult due to the complexity and size of the genome, however, advancements in genomic resources have made efficient gene localization more possible. In this study, we report the characterization of a novel tillering inhibition locus using a mutant identified in the forward genetic screen of an ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS) treated population of cv. ‘Jagger’. By crossing the low tillering mutant with the Jagger wild-type plant, we generated an F2 population and used the MutMap approach to identify a novel physical interval on 11 Mb on chromosome 2DS. Using an F2 population of 442 gametes and polymorphic SNP markers, we were able to delineate the tin6 locus to a 2.1 Mb region containing 22 candidate genes.
Effect of MgO and Al2O3 on high temperature stability performance of high-alumina cement
Authors: Wang Yibo , Guo Jinbo
Published: April 2023

High-alumina cement has an important position in refractory materials with its good performance at high temperatures, but its own disadvantages such as strength inversion and unstable transformation of hydration products have always limited its development. To clarify the working mechanism of high-alumina cement and improve its high temperature resistance, MgO and Al2O3 were added to the high-alumina cement paste. The optimal design method was used to determine the influence of each factor on the high temperature stability of the cement paste. The raw material ratios were optimized and the strength change patterns of the specimens under the optimal ratio were verified. From a microstructure perspective, the high temperature evolution of the hardened paste of high-alumina cement was explored using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetry, and differential scanning calorimetry. The results show that the introduction of refractory powders, especially Al2O3, can significantly improve the volumetric stability of the cement paste at high temperatures. When the water-cement ratio is 0.20, the admixture of MgO is 5% or 10%, and Al2O3 is 20%, the high temperature volume stability of the cement paste is the best. However, its corresponding mechanical strength is weakened to some extent with an increase in calcinating temperature. Moreover, the structure-property evolution process of cementite under high temperature calcinating conditions was verified by microstructural characterization, especially the improvement effect of the refractory powder on the high temperature resistance of the cement paste. The results of this study can serve as a guide for the development of high-alumina cement and its cementing materials, as well as for the improvement of their properties.
RETRACTED: The Prevalence of Using Complementary and Alternative Medicine among Infertile Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: sharifi farangis , Jamali Jamshid , Roudsari Robab Latifnejad
Published: April 2023

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Associations of breast cancer etiologic factors with stromal microenvironment of primary invasive breast cancers in the Ghana Breast Health Study
Authors: Abubakar Mustapha , Ahearn Thomas U. , Duggan Maire A. , Lawrence Scott , Adjei Ernest , Clegg-Lamptey Joe-Nat , Yarney Joel , Wiafe-Addai Beatrice , Awuah Baffour , Wiafe Seth , Nyarko Kofi , Aitpillah Francis , Ansong Daniel , Hewitt Stephen M. , Brinton Louise A. , Figueroa Jonine D. , Garcia-Closas Montserrat , Edusei Lawrence , Titiloye Nicolas
Published: April 2023

Background:
Emerging data suggest that beyond the neoplastic parenchyma, the stromal microenvironment (SME) impacts tumor biology, including aggressiveness, metastatic potential, and response to treatment. However, the epidemiological determinants of SME biology remain poorly understood, more so among women of African ancestry who are disproportionately affected by aggressive breast cancer phenotypes.
Methods:
Within the Ghana Breast Health Study, a population-based case-control study in Ghana, we applied high-accuracy machine-learning algorithms to characterize biologically-relevant SME phenotypes, including tumor-stroma ratio (TSR (%); a metric of connective tissue stroma to tumor ratio) and tumor-associated stromal cellular density (Ta-SCD (%); a tissue biomarker that is reminiscent of chronic inflammation and wound repair response in breast cancer), on digitized H&E-stained sections from 792 breast cancer patients aged 17–84 years. Kruskal-Wallis tests and multivariable linear regression models were used to test associations between established breast cancer risk factors, tumor characteristics, and SME phenotypes.
Results:
Decreasing TSR and increasing Ta-SCD were strongly associated with aggressive, mostly high grade tumors (p-value < 0.001). Several etiologic factors were associated with Ta-SCD, but not TSR. Compared with nulliparous women [mean (standard deviation) = 28.9% (7.1%)], parous women [mean (standard deviation) = 31.3% (7.6%)] had statistically significantly higher levels of Ta-SCD (p-value = 0.01). Similarly, women with a positive family history of breast cancer [FHBC; mean (standard deviation) = 33.0% (7.5%)] had higher levels of Ta-SCD than those with no FHBC [mean (standard deviation) = 30.9% (7.6%); p-value = 0.01]. Conversely, increasing body size was associated with decreasing Ta-SCD [mean (standard deviation) = 32.0% (7.4%), 31.3% (7.3%), and 29.0% (8.0%) for slight, moderate, and large body sizes, respectively, p-value = 0.005]. These associations persisted and remained statistically significantly associated with Ta-SCD in mutually-adjusted multivariable linear regression models (p-value < 0.05). With the exception of body size, which was differentially associated with Ta-SCD by grade levels (p-heterogeneity = 0.04), associations between risk factors and Ta-SCD were not modified by tumor characteristics.
Conclusions:
Our findings raise the possibility that epidemiological factors may act via the SME to impact both risk and biology of breast cancers in this population, underscoring the need for more population-based research into the role of SME in multi-state breast carcinogenesis.
Data Encryption Technology application in Enterprise Cost Operation Management Based on Cloud Computing
Authors: You Bo , Xiao Xiao
Published: April 2023

As a new type of calculation method, 5G cloud computing provides convenient and fast service items for enterprises and ordinary users with its characteristics of stability, reasonableness, and easy operation. Although private cloud storage guarantees the safe storage of its own business secrets and secret data, its storage operation scale, service capabilities, and openness may not be extended to cloud computing platforms. Therefore, hybrid cloud computing is the development trend of cloud computing technology in the future, but how to ensure the efficient and safe storage of data and the consistency of data information must rely on data encryption technology. With the increase of market demand, the change of business model and the development of technological progress, the company's information management level has clearly put forward higher regulations. Only the application of a powerful information management system can quickly capture market information and fully grasp important customer and corporate information to improve business service management decisions flexibly change the work process to integrate into the continuous changes of customers, and ultimately win the market leadership. As a concept of scientific research enterprise accounting management method, ERP can create an efficient supply chain, reduce inventory, and reduce cost accounting for enterprises. This article aims to realize its practical significance by studying the data encryption technology of 5G cloud computing and applying it to enterprise accounting cost calculation.
Improving cervical cancer continuum of care towards elimination in Ethiopia: a scoping review
Authors: Endalamaw Aklilu , Alganeh Habtamu , Azage Muluken , Atnafu Asmamaw , Erku Daniel , Wolka Eskinder , Nigusie Adane , Zewdie Anteneh , Teshome Destaw Fetene , Assefa Yibeltal
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Cervical cancer is the second-leading cause of death among all cancers in Ethiopia. Ethiopia plans to eliminate cervical cancer as a public health problem by 2030, following the World Health Organization's call for action. A scoping review was conducted on the status of the cervical cancer continuum towards elimination in Ethiopia.
Methods: We searched articles in PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar. All studies conducted on cervical cancer in Ethiopia, irrespective of date of publication, type of article, or language of publication were included. However, conference abstracts, commentaries, and letters to the editors were excluded. We used EndNote x9 software to merge articles from different databases and automatically remove duplicates. Screening of titles, abstracts, and full texts was performed by two co-authors independently. The cancer care continuum was employed as a framework to guide data synthesis and present the findings.
Results: Of the 569 retrieved articles, 159 were included in the review. The found most of articles were about knowledge, attitude, and practice. There were few studies on health-seeking behaviour, perception and acceptability to cervical cancer services and availability and readiness of a screening programme. The review identified that there was inadequate knowledge, attitude and perception about cervical cancer. Screening for cervical cancer is not widely used in Ethiopia. Knowledge and attitude, education status, and income were repeatedly reported as precursors for cervical cancer screening. Most studies concluded a high prevalence of precancerous lesions and cervical cancer, as well as high mortality rates or short survival times. The review also identified that there is huge heterogeneity in findings under each component of the cancer care continuum across time and geographic settings.
Conclusions: Overall, there is inadequate knowledge, perception, health seeking behaviour, screening and treatment services. This implies that the country is lagging behind the targets towards eliminating cervical cancer despite the availability of effective interventions and tools. We argue that an implementation research is needed to identify implementation issues, challenges and strategies to scale up both primary and secondary prevention services so that cervical cancer will not anymore be a public health problem.
Nitrogen doped carbon layer of LiFePO4 improve the electrochemical performance for lithium ion batteries
Authors: Chen Qiulin , Liu Hailang , Hu Junxian , Wang Li , Li Yin , Yao Yaochun
Published: April 2023

In recent years, LiFePO4 is considered as a promising cathode material for lithium-ion batteries. However, the low conductivity is a major disadvantage for this material. The nitrogen-doped carbon coated on the LiFePO4 is an effective strategy to solve this drawback. Herein, we report a creative and facile method for fabricating nitrogen-doped carbon-coated LiFePO4 (LFP/C-N) with sucrose and tripolycyanamide as carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively. As expected, the LFP coating with 1.25 wt% N decorating (LFP/C-N1.25) exhibits a high specific capacities of 149.12 mAh g−1 at 1 C, better rate performance of 50.64 mAh g−1 at 10 C and favorable lithium ion diffusion coefficient of 2.15×10-12 cm2 s-1. Therefore, we suggest that such novel LiFePO4 material is a potential cathode material for lithium-ion batteries.
Prenatal diagnosis of 45,X/46,X,dic(X;18) mosaicism: a case report
Authors: Wang Dongying , Wu Ke , Zhu Yuanzhen , He Junying
Published: April 2023

Background:
A dicentric chromosome is an abnormal chromosome with two centromereson the same chromosome. They are rarely identified in genetic conditions. Robertsonian translocations (ROBs) involving acrocentric chromosomes (13, 14, 15, 21, and 22) are most frequently generate the dicentric chromosomes. In this report, we described a phenotypically abnormal fetus with mosaic karyotype 45,X/46,X,dic(X;18). This was a rare type of dicentric chromosome X, which has not been reported.
Case presentation: At 16 weeks of gestation, A 39-year-old pregnant woman (gravida 2, para 1) was referred to the center of prenatal diagnosis for genetic counseling. The fetal ultrasonography indicated ventricular septal defect (VSD), pulmonary stenosis, cystic hygroma colli (CHC), choroid plexus cyst, and bilateral hydronephrosis. Subsequently, amniocentesis was performed, the G-banding karyotype analysis of the fetal sample showed a rare type of mosaicism of 45,X,dic(X;18)(p11.2;p11.2)[31]/45,X[26]. Single nucleotide polymorphism array (SNP array) (Affymetrix CytoScan 750K Array, Santa Clara, California) revealed arr[GRCh37]18p11.32p11.21(136228_15181208)x1-2 (Pathogenic); arr[GRCh37]Xp22.33p11.22(168552_52154982)x1 (Pathogenic); arr[GRCh37]Xp11.22q28(52705315_155233098)x1-2 (Pathogenic). After genetic counseling, the parent chose to terminate the pregnancy.
Conclusions: We report a prenatal case of 45,X,dic(X;18)(p11.2;p11.2)[31]/45,X[26] mosaicism with multiple congenital anomalies. The C-banding analysis showed dicentric chromosome X. This was a rare type of dicentric chromosome X, which has not been reported. Our case report added the descriptive information on this fetus and could provide a reference for genetic counseling.
Classification of multivariate functional data on different domains with Partial Least Squares approaches
Authors: Moindjié Issam-Ali Moindjié , Dabo-Niang Sophie Dabo-Niang , Preda Cristian Preda
Published: April 2023

Classification (supervised-learning) of multivariate functional data isconsidered when the elements of the random functional vector of interest are defined on different domains.
In this setting, PLS classification and tree PLS-based methods for multivariate functional data are presented.From a computational point of view, we show that the PLS components of the regression with multivariate functional data can be obtained using only the PLS methodology with univariate functional data.This offers an alternative way to present the PLS algorithm for multivariate functional data.
Numerical simulation and real data applications highlight the performance of the proposed methods.
Portable Droplet-based Real-time Monitoring of Pancreatic α-amylase in Postoperative Patients
Authors: Baraban Larysa , Zhao Xinne , Kolbinger Fiona , Distler Marius , Weitz Jürgen , Makarov Denys , Bachmann Michael
Published: April 2023

Postoperative complications after pancreatic surgery are frequent and life-threatening. Current clinical diagnostic strategies involve time-consuming quantification of α-amylase activity in abdominal drain fluid, which is taken on the first and third postoperative day. The lack of real-time data can delay adjustment of medical treatment upon complications and worsen prognosis for patients. We report a bedside portable droplet-based millifluidic device enabling real-time sensing of drain α-amylase activity for postoperative monitoring of patients undergoing pancreatic surgery. Here, a tiny amount of drain liquid of patient samples is continuously collected and co-encapsulated with a starch reagent in nanoliter-sized droplets to track the fluorescence intensity released upon reaction with α-amylase. Comparing the α-amylase levels of 32 patients, 97% of the results of the droplet-based millifluidic system matched the clinical data. Our method reduces the α-amylase assay time to approximately three minutes, which is a major improvement compared to the current clinical standard of several hours in the clinic. Furthermore, the device reveals an order of magnitude improvement in the limit of detection, reaching 7 nmol/s·L. The presented droplet-based diagnostics platform can be extended for analysis of different body fluids, diseases, and towards a broader range of biomarkers, including lipase, bilirubin, lactate, inflammation, or liquid biopsy markers, setting up new standards in clinical patient monitoring.
Effects of Scattered Erythrina brucei Trees on Wheat Yield and Soil Physicochemical Properties in Bonke District, Gamo Zone, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Abeje Aman , Tumayro Mengistu , Girma Amare
Published: April 2023

Erythrina brucei is multipurpose farm tree in Bonke district, Gamo Zone, Southern Region. The large amount of leaf litter it sheds during the dry season coupled with its rapid decomposition for the cropping season attracts farming family’s attention to retain in their farmland. Therefore, the current study was carried out with the aim of evaluating soil physico-chemical properties and wheat yield under scattered Erythrina brucei trees in farmland. Five trees on similar slope of land with relatively similar age, DBH (diameter at breast height), tree height, and canopy diameter were selected. The tree canopy diameter was divided into three distances: inner, middle and periphery. An open area at least double distance away from tree canopy was located for control. Soil samples at 0-30cm soil depth from three canopy distances and open control were taken for analysis of selected soil physico-chemical properties. Data were also recorded on growth, yield and yield attributes of wheat. The result of soil analysis revealed that with the exception of soil texture and soil pH, all soil properties increased significantly under Erythrina brucei canopy than in the open area showing a decreasing trend with increasing distance from the tree trunk. The result also indicated highest wheat yield at inner distance with yield increments of 18.17% compared to open control. We recommend optimal density of 100 Erythrina trees integration to enhance wheat yield in the study district and elsewhere with similar agroecology.
Utilizing river and wastewater as a SARS-CoV-2 surveillance tool to predict trends and identify variants of concern in settings with limited formal sewage systems.
Authors: Barnes Kayla , Levy Joshua , Andersen Kristian , Gauld Jillian , Rigby Jonathan , Kanjerwa Oscar , Uzzell Christopher , Chilupsya Chisomo , Anscombe Catherine , Tomkins-Tinch Christopher , Mbeti Omar , Cairns Edward , Thole Herbert , McSweeney Shannon , Chibwana Marah , Ashton Philip , Jere Khuzwayo , Meschke John , Diggle Peter , Cornick Jennifer , Jambo kondwani , Kawalazira Gift , Paterson Steve , Nyirenda Tonney , Feasey Nicholas , Chilima Benjamin
Published: April 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic continues to impact health systems globally and robust surveillance is critical for pandemic control, however not all countries can sustain community surveillance programs. Wastewater surveillance has proven valuable in high-income settings, but little is known about how river and informal sewage in low-income countries can be used for environmental surveillance of SARS-CoV-2. In Malawi, a country with limited community-based COVID-19 testing capacity, we explored the utility of rivers and wastewater for SARS-CoV-2 surveillance. From May 2020 – January 2022, we collected water from up to 112 river or informal sewage sites/month, detecting SARS-CoV-2 in 8.3% of samples. Peak SARS-CoV-2 detection in water samples predated peaks in clinical cases. Sequencing of water samples identified the Beta, Delta, and Omicron variants, with Delta and Omicron detected well in advance of detection in patients. Our work highlights wastewater can be used for detecting emerging waves, identifying variants of concern and function as an early warning system in settings with no formal sewage systems.
Oral cancer risk among people who smoke, have quit smoking, use smokeless tobacco, or former smokers that use smokeless tobacco observed from state-based cancer registries
Authors: Noggle Brendan , Cheng Hui , Sarkar Mohamadi
Published: April 2023

Background Tobacco use has been identified as a risk factor for oral cancer worldwide. However, oral cancer risk among people who smoke cigarettes, use smokeless tobacco products (ST), have transitioned from cigarettes to ST (“switchers”) or quit both cigarettes and/or ST (“quitters”) has not been well studied. This study compared oral cancer incidence between 2014–2017 relative to never tobacco use.Methods We estimated incidence rates and incidence rate ratios using data from state-wide cancer registries (i.e., Colorado, Florida, North Carolina, and Texas) and population counts derived from national surveys. A random-effect meta-analysis approach was used to summarize estimates among these groups, based on multiple imputation-based incidence rate ratio estimates, by state and age groups while considering potential heterogeneity.Results A total of 19,536 oral cancer cases were identified among adult males 35 years and older in the study geographies and period. People who currently smoked cigarettes were 2.6 (95% CI = 2.0-3.3) times as likely to be diagnosed with oral cancer compared to individuals who currently used ST. The incidence rate ratio among people who currently smoke cigarettes was 3.6 (95% CI = 3.2–4.1) relative to never users, 2.4 (95% CI = 1.8–3.1) relative to switchers and 1.4 (95% CI = 1.0-2.1) among switchers relative to quitters. The incidence rate ratio of current users of ST relative to never-users was 1.4 (95% CI = 1.1–1.9).Conclusions Findings from this population-based study with a large number of oral cancer cases support lower risk of oral cancer among users of ST compared to cigarettes. Compared to those who continue to smoke, oral cancer risks can be reduced by switching to ST products or quitting all tobacco.
Genomic and population characterization of a diversity panel of dwarf and giant coconut accessions from the International Coconut Genebank for Latin America and Caribbean
Authors: Silva Allison Vieira da , Costa Emiliano Fernandes Nassau , Diniz Leandro Eugenio Cardamone , Ramos Semíramis Rabelo Ramalho , Fritsche-Neto Roberto
Published: April 2023

The characterization and construction of genetic diversity panels provide valuable information for developing germplasm conservation strategies and applying advanced breeding techniques. Thus, we performed analysis of diversity and genetic structure in Cocos nucifera L. with a collection of dwarf and giant accessions belonging to the International Coconut Genebank for Latin America in the Caribbean. The collection comprises six dwarf accessions (represented by 36 individuals) and six giants (represented by 48 individuals). The analysis of clustering and DAPC performed from a set of 4,044 SNP markers showed the existence of three clusters, one of which was formed exclusively by all dwarf coconut accessions. The giant accessions were separated into two distinct clusters, one formed by accessions from regions bathed by the Pacific Ocean (Southeast Asia and Oceania) and another formed by accessions from regions bathed by the Atlantic Ocean (Brazilian coastline and West Africa). The analysis allowed us to observe that the cluster formed by the accessions of dwarf coconut is closer genetically to the cluster formed by the accessions of giant coconut from the Pacific than the others from the Atlantic. Both groups presented similar genetic diversity (GD) values, 0.25 and 0.26, respectively. The inbreeding coefficient (F) revealed the presence of greater heterozygosity than expected in the dwarf coconut accessions and the inbreeding in the giant accessions. Consequently, we provide important information for maintaining those accessions in the germplasm bank and for future implementation of genomic-wide association studies (GWAS) and genomic selection (GS) with the evaluated accessions.
A Giant Recurrent Upper Thoracic Hydatid Cyst: A Case Report
Authors: Gok Haydar , Yangi Kivanc , Gulhan Ahmet Ali
Published: April 2023

Background
Hydatid cyst is a zoonotic disease with an annual prevalence of more than one million people. It can survive for one week in water, at room temperature, and for one year in the soil. Parasites deported into the systemic circulation through hepatic sinusoids or porto-venous shunts can cause lung, heart, eye, pancreas, brain, muscle, and bone pathologies. Spinal hydatid cyst is a disease with high mortality and morbidity, and the poor prognosis is equivalent to any malignancies. It is rarely seen in the spinal cord, especially in the upper thoracic region. Surgery should be planned carefully to achieve successful functional outcomes. The surgeon should be cautious to prevent further dissemination and remove the cyst entirely.
Case presentation:
Hereby, we present a 45-year-old male patient, who underwent surgery for a hydatid cyst in the thoracic spine, which recurred in the same location (T4-T8) 4 years later. Complete resection has been achieved at the second surgery and the patient’s neurological complaints healed dramatically after the surgery with physiotherapy.
Conclusions
For the giant upper thoracic hydatid cysts, surgical planning should be done carefully; we believe that the critical point of the surgery is irrigation of the operation lodge with scolocidal agents after the excision of the germinative membrane. On the other hand, before and after the surgical resection, the treatment should be supported with antihelminthic drugs.