bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Epithelium segmentation using deep learning in H&E-stained prostate specimens with immunohistochemistry as reference standard
Authors: Bulten Wouter , Bándi Péter , Hoven Jeffrey , Loo Rob van de , Lotz Johannes , Weiss Nick , Laak Jeroen van der , Ginneken Bram van , Hulsbergen-van de Kaa Christina , Litjens Geert
Published: January 2019

Given the importance of gland morphology in grading prostate cancer (PCa), automatically differentiating between epithelium and other tissues is an important prerequisite for the development of automated methods for detecting PCa. We propose a new deep learning method to segment epithelial tissue in digitised hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stained prostatectomy slides using immunohistochemistry (IHC) as reference standard. We used IHC to create a precise and objective ground truth compared to manual outlining on H&E slides, especially in areas with high-grade PCa. 102 tissue sections were stained with H&E and subsequently restained with P63 and CK8/18 IHC markers to highlight epithelial structures. Afterwards each pair was co-registered. First, we trained a U-Net to segment epithelial structures in IHC using a subset of the IHC slides that were preprocessed with color deconvolution. Second, this network was applied to the remaining slides to create the reference standard used to train a second U-Net on H&E. Our system accurately segmented both intact glands and individual tumour epithelial cells. The generalisation capacity of our system is shown using an independent external dataset from a different centre. We envision this segmentation as the first part of a fully automated prostate cancer grading pipeline.
Activated MEK/ERK Pathway Drives Widespread and Coordinated Overexpression of UHRF1 and DNMT1 in Cancer cells
Authors: Li Jialun , Wang Ruiping , Hu Xueli , Gao Yingying , Wang Zhen , Li Jiwen , Wong Jiemin
Published: January 2019

The UHRF1-DNMT1 axis plays a key role in DNA maintenance methylation in mammals. Accumulative studies demonstrate that UHRF1 is broadly overexpressed in cancers, which contributes to cancer cell proliferation and tumorigenesis. Interestingly, a proteasome-dependent downregulation of UHRF1 has been observed in pluripotent ground state mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) cultured in the presence of two kinase (MEK1/MEK2 and GSK3β) inhibitors (termed 2i), raising the question whether UHRF1 is similarly regulated in cancer cells. Here we present evidence that while addition of 2i broadly downregulates UHRF1 and DNMT1 in various cancer cells, distinct underlying mechanisms are involved. In contrast to mESCs, 2i-induced downregulation of UHRF1 and DNMT1 in cancer cells cannot be rescued by proteasome inhibitor and occurs primarily at the level of transcription. Furthermore, downregulation of UHRF1 and DNMT1 by 2i is due to inhibition of MEK1/MEK2, but not GSK3β activity. Data mining reveals a marked co-expression of UHRF1 and DNMT1 in normal tissues as well as cancers. We provide evidence that multiple transcription factors including E2F1 and SP1 mediate the transcriptional activation of UHRF1 and DNMT1 by the activated MEK/ERK pathway. Together our study reveals distinct regulation of UHRF1/DNMT1 in mESCs and cancer cells and identifies activated MEK/ERK pathway as a driving force for coordinated and aberrant over-expression of UHRF1 and DNMT1 in cancers.
Lineage tracing of Notch1-expressing cells in intestinal tumours reveals a distinct population of cancer stem cells
Authors: Mourao Larissa , Jacquemin Guillaume , Huyghe Mathilde , Nawrocki Wojciech J. , Menssouri Naoual , Servant Nicolas , Fre Silvia
Published: January 2019

Colon tumours are hierarchically organized and contain multipotent self-renewing cells, called Cancer Stem Cells (CSCs). We have previously shown that the Notch1 receptor is expressed in Intestinal Stem Cells (ISCs); given the critical role played by Notch signalling in promoting intestinal tumourigenesis, we explored Notch1 expression in tumours. Combining lineage tracing in two tumour models with transcriptomic analyses, we found that Notch1+ tumour cells are undifferentiated, proliferative and capable of indefinite self-renewal and of generating a heterogeneous clonal progeny. Molecularly, the transcriptional signature of Notch1+ tumour cells highly correlates with ISCs, suggestive of their origin from normal crypt cells. Surprisingly, Notch1+ expression labels a subset of CSCs that shows reduced levels of Lgr5, a reported CSCs marker. The existence of distinct stem cell populations within intestinal tumours highlights the necessity of better understanding their hierarchy and behaviour, to identify the correct cellular targets for therapy.
Association of Glutathione s-transferase M1 and T1 gene polymorphisms with the susceptibility to acquired sensorineural hearing loss: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zong Shimin , Zeng Xue , Guan Yexiao , Liu Tianyi , Luo Pan , Wan Fangmin , Qu Yanji , Chen Pei , Xiao Hongjun
Published: January 2019

Acquired sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), including age-related hearing loss (ARHL), noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL), drug-induced hearing loss (DIHL) and sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSHL), is one of the most common sensory deficits in humans. Several studies have reported that antioxidant gene glutathione s-transferase M1 and T1 (GST M1 and T1) polymorphisms have a close relationship with the susceptibility to acquired SNHL, but other articles have reported opposite results. This meta-analysis aims to identify whether an association exists between GST M1 and T1 polymorphisms and the susceptibility to acquired SNHL. Seventeen independent studies containing 1749 cases and 2018 controls were included. According to the I2 value of the heterogeneity test, random-effects model was selected to calculate the pooled odds ratios (ORs) with their 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) and p values. The pooled ORs (95% CI, p-value) of GST M1 and T1 were 1.186(0.955–1.473, p = 0.122) and 1.107(0.841–1.458, p = 1.467), respectively. In addition, subgroup analyses according to the type of SNHL and ethnicity showed no relationship between GST M1 and T1 polymorphisms and the susceptibility to acquired SNHL. Our results suggest that no significant relationship was found between GST M1 and T1 polymorphisms and the susceptibility to acquired SNHL.
Orthohantaviruses belonging to three phylogroups all inhibit apoptosis in infected target cells
Authors: Solà-Riera Carles , Gupta Shawon , Ljunggren Hans-Gustaf , Klingström Jonas
Published: January 2019

Orthohantaviruses, previously known as hantaviruses, are zoonotic viruses that can cause hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) and hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in humans. The HPS-causing Andes virus (ANDV) and the HFRS-causing Hantaan virus (HTNV) have anti-apoptotic effects. To investigate if this represents a general feature of orthohantaviruses, we analysed the capacity of six different orthohantaviruses – belonging to three distinct phylogroups and representing both pathogenic and non-pathogenic viruses – to inhibit apoptosis in infected cells. Primary human endothelial cells were infected with ANDV, HTNV, the HFRS-causing Puumala virus (PUUV) and Seoul virus, as well as the putative non-pathogenic Prospect Hill virus and Tula virus. Infected cells were then exposed to the apoptosis-inducing chemical staurosporine or to activated human NK cells exhibiting a high cytotoxic potential. Strikingly, all orthohantaviruses inhibited apoptosis in both settings. Moreover, we show that the nucleocapsid (N) protein from all examined orthohantaviruses are potential targets for caspase-3 and granzyme B. Recombinant N protein from ANDV, PUUV and the HFRS-causing Dobrava virus strongly inhibited granzyme B activity and also, to certain extent, caspase-3 activity. Taken together, this study demonstrates that six different orthohantaviruses inhibit apoptosis, suggesting this to be a general feature of orthohantaviruses likely serving as a mechanism of viral immune evasion.
Adequate vegetative cover decreases nitrous oxide emissions from cattle urine deposited in grazed pastures under rainy season conditions
Authors: Chirinda Ngonidzashe , Loaiza Sandra , Arenas Laura , Ruiz Verónica , Faverín Claudia , Alvarez Carolina , Savian Jean Víctor , Belfon Renaldo , Zuniga Karen , Morales-Rincon Luis Alberto , Trujillo Catalina , Arango Miguel , Rao Idupulapati , Arango Jacobo , Peters Michael , Barahona Rolando , Costa Ciniro , Rosenstock Todd S. , Richards Meryl , Martinez-Baron Deissy , Cardenas Laura
Published: January 2019

A decline in pasture productivity is often associated with a reduction in vegetative cover. We hypothesize that nitrogen (N) in urine deposited by grazing cattle on degraded pastures, with low vegetative cover, is highly susceptible to losses. Here, we quantified the magnitude of urine-based nitrous oxide (N2O) lost from soil under paired degraded (low vegetative cover) and non-degraded (adequate vegetative cover) pastures across five countries of the Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) region and estimated urine-N emission factors. Soil N2O emissions from simulated cattle urine patches were quantified with closed static chambers and gas chromatography. At the regional level, rainy season cumulative N2O emissions (3.31versus1.91 kg N2O-N ha−1) and emission factors (0.42versus0.18%) were higher for low vegetative cover compared to adequate vegetative cover pastures. Findings indicate that under rainy season conditions, adequate vegetative cover through proper pasture management could help reduce urine-induced N2O emissions from grazed pastures.
Amino acid substitutions at sugar-recognizing codons confer ABO blood group system-related α1,3 Gal(NAc) transferases with differential enzymatic activity
Authors: Cid Emili , Yamamoto Miyako , Yamamoto Fumiichiro
Published: January 2019

Functional paralogous ABO, GBGT1, A3GALT2, and GGTA1 genes encode blood group A and B transferases (AT and BT), Forssman glycolipid synthase (FS), isoglobotriaosylceramide synthase (iGb3S), and α1,3-galactosyltransferase (GT), respectively. These glycosyltransferases transfer N-acetyl-d-galactosamine (GalNAc) or d-galactose forming an α1,3-glycosidic linkage. However, their acceptor substrates are diverse. Previously, we demonstrated that the amino acids at codons 266 and 268 of human AT/BT are crucial to their distinct sugar specificities, elucidating the molecular genetic basis of the ABO glycosylation polymorphism of clinical importance in transfusion and transplantation medicine. We also prepared in vitro mutagenized ATs/BTs having any of 20 possible amino acids at those codons, and showed that those codons determine the transferase activity and sugar specificity. We have expanded structural analysis to include evolutionarily related α1,3-Gal(NAc) transferases. Eukaryotic expression constructs were prepared of AT, FS, iGb3S, and GT, possessing selected tripeptides of AT-specific AlaGlyGly or LeuGlyGly, BT-specific MetGlyAla, FS-specific GlyGlyAla, or iGb3S and GT-specific HisAlaAla, at the codons corresponding to 266–268 of human AT/BT. DNA transfection was performed using appropriate recipient cells existing and newly created, and the appearance of cell surface oligosaccharide antigens was immunologically examined. The results have shown that several tripeptides other than the originals also bestowed transferase activity. However, the repertoire of functional amino acids varied among those transferases, suggesting that structures around those codons differentially affected the interactions between donor nucleotide-sugar and acceptor substrates. It was concluded that different tripeptide sequences at the substrate-binding pocket have contributed to the generation of α1,3-Gal(NAc) transferases with diversified specificities.
Environmental filtering of bacterial functional diversity along an aridity gradient
Authors: Song Ho-Kyung , Shi Yu , Yang Teng , Chu Haiyan , He Jin-Sheng , Kim Hyoki , Jablonski Piotr , Adams Jonathan M.
Published: January 2019

Studying how metagenome composition and diversity varies along environmental gradients may improve understanding of the general principles of community and ecosystem structuring. We studied soil bacterial metagenomes along a precipitation gradient on the eastern Tibetan Plateau, varying between 500 mm and 60 mm mean annual precipitation (MAP). We found that lower MAP was strongly associated with reduced functional diversity of bacterial genes. It appears that extreme environmental conditions associated with aridity constrain the diversity of functional strategies present in soil biota – analogous to broad scale patterns found in plant functional diversity along environmental gradients. In terms of specific functions, more extreme arid conditions were also associated with increased relative abundance of genes related to dormancy and osmoprotectants. Decreased relative abundance of genes related to antibiotic resistance and virulence in more arid conditions suggests reduced intensity of biotic interaction under extreme physiological conditions. These trends parallel those seen in earlier, more preliminary comparisons of metagenomes across biomes.
Study of the whole genome, methylome and transcriptome of Cordyceps militaris
Authors: Chen Yujiao , Wu Yuqian , Liu Li , Feng Jianhua , Zhang Tiancheng , Qin Sheng , Zhao Xingyu , Wang Chaoxia , Li Dongmei , Han Wei , Shao Minghui , Zhao Ping , Xue Jianfeng , Liu Xiaomin , Li Hongjie , Zhao Enwei , Zhao Wen , Guo Xijie , Jin Yongfeng , Cao Yaming , Cui Liwang , Zhou Zeqi , Xia Qingyou , Rao Zihe , Zhang Yaozhou
Published: January 2019

The complete genome of Cordyceps militaris was sequenced using single-molecule real-time (SMRT) sequencing technology at a coverage over 300×. The genome size was 32.57 Mb, and 14 contigs ranging from 0.35 to 4.58 Mb with an N50 of 2.86 Mb were assembled, including 4 contigs with telomeric sequences on both ends and an additional 8 contigs with telomeric sequences on either the 5′ or 3′ end. A methylome database of the genome was constructed using SMRT and m4C and m6A methylated nucleotides, and many unknown modification types were identified. The major m6A methylation motif is GA and GGAG, and the major m4C methylation motif is GC or CG/GC. In the C. militaris genome DNA, there were four types of methylated nucleotides that we confirmed using high-resolution LCMS-IT-TOF. Using PacBio Iso-Seq, a total of 31,133 complete cDNA sequences were obtained in the fruiting body. The conserved domains of the nontranscribed regions of the genome include TATA boxes, which are the initial regions of genome replication. There were 406 structural variants between the HN and CM01 strains, and there were 1,114 structural variants between the HN and ATCC strains.
A first step towards quantum energy potentials of electron pairs
Authors: Munárriz Julen , Laplaza Rubén , Martín Pendás A. , Contreras-García Julia
Published: January 2019

A first step towards the construction of a quantum force field for electron pairs in direct space is taken.
Rotational dependence of the branching ratios and fragment angular distributions for the photodissociation of 12C16O in the Rydberg 4p(2) and 5p(0) complex region (92.84–93.37 nm)
Authors: Jiang Pan , Chi Xiaoping , Qi Wenke , Zhu Qihe , Cheng Min , Gao Hong
Published: January 2019

Various patterns of rotational dependence for the photodissociation branching ratios and irregular angular distributions of the photofragments have been observed.
Robust synthesis routes and porosity of the Al-based metal–organic frameworks Al-fumarate, CAU-10-H and MIL-160
Authors: Tannert Niels , Jansen Christian , Nießing Sandra , Janiak Christoph
Published: January 2019

We confirm that the investigated Al-MOFs are robust with respect to reproducible synthesis and concomitant porosity as a prerequisite for applications.
Enhanced debromination of tetrabromobisphoenol a by zero-valent copper-nanoparticle-modified green rusts
Authors: Fang Liping , Liu Ru , Xu Ling , Li Ji , Huang Li-Zhi , Li Fangbai
Published: January 2019

Green rusts (GRs) interlayered with Cl−, SO42−, and CO32− were used to reduce tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), which is the most widely used brominated flame retardant.
Electrically-doped CVD-graphene transparent electrodes: application in 365 nm light-emitting diodes
Authors: Chae Myung-Sic , Lee Tae Ho , Son Kyung Rock , Kim Yong Woon , Hwang Kyo Seon , Kim Tae Geun
Published: January 2019

A highly transparent conductive electrically-doped CVD-graphene electrode and its application in 365 nm light-emitting diodes.
Syntheses, crystal structure and photophysical properties of [Sm(dbm)3(impy)] and [Tb(dbm)3(impy)] and their hybrid films
Authors: Hasan Najmul , Iftikhar Khalid
Published: January 2019

This paper reports the syntheses, crystal structure and photophysical properties of eight-coordinate complexes [Sm(dbm)3(impy)] and [Tb(dbm)3(impy)] (dbm is the anion of 1,3-diphenyl-1,3-propanedione and impy is 2-(1H-imidazol-2-yl)pyridine).
Characterization of MtdV as a chorismate lyase essential to A201A biosynthesis and precursor-directed biosynthesis of new analogs
Authors: Zhu Qinghua , Song Yongxiang , Huang Hongbo , Li Qinglian , Ju Jianhua
Published: January 2019

MtdV is a chorismate lyase involved in converting chorismate to 4HB, a vital precursor of A201A; precursor-directed biosynthesis enabled production of new A201A analogs.
Screen-printing fabrication of high volumetric energy density micro-supercapacitors based on high-resolution thixotropic-ternary hybrid interdigital micro-electrodes
Authors: Li Hongpeng , Liu Shuiren , Li Xiran , Wu Zhong-Shuai , Liang Jiajie
Published: January 2019

We demonstrate a general and scalable screen-printing technique for the one-step construction of high-performance micro-supercapacitors.
Evaluation of novel Griess-reagent candidates for nitrite sensing in aqueous media identified via molecular fingerprint searching
Authors: Váradi Linda , Breedon Michael , Chen Fiona F. , Trinchi Adrian , Cole Ivan S. , Wei Gang
Published: January 2019

Novel Griess reagents were identified using molecular fingerprint searching and rapid experimental evaluation for the detection of nitrite in aqueous media.
Vibration induced refrigeration and energy harvesting using piezoelectric materials: a finite element study
Authors: Kumar Anuruddh , Kumar Rajeev , Chandra Jain Satish , Vaish Rahul
Published: January 2019

A device utilizing ambient vibrations to produce the required cooling effect as well as energy harvesting through elastocaloric and piezoelectric effects is demonstrated.
The structural, electronic and optical properties of γ-glycine under pressure: a first principles study
Authors: Mei Aaron , Luo Xuan
Published: January 2019

The crystallized amino acid γ-glycine is a large band gap insulator that shows promise in the fields of photonics and non-linear optics.
Redox chemistry in the pigment eumelanin as a function of temperature using broadband dielectric spectroscopy
Authors: Motovilov K. A. , Grinenko V. , Savinov M. , Gagkaeva Z. V. , Kadyrov L. S. , Pronin A. A. , Bedran Z. V. , Zhukova E. S. , Mostert A. B. , Gorshunov B. P.
Published: January 2019

We demonstrate on synthetic eumelanin that biomolecular conductivity models should account for temperature and hydration effects coherently.
A Col I and BCP ceramic bi-layer scaffold implant promotes regeneration in osteochondral defects
Authors: Cai Hanxu , Yao Ya , Xu Yang , Wang Qing , Zou Wen , Liang Jie , Sun Yong , Zhou Changchun , Fan Yujiang , Zhang Xingdong
Published: January 2019

A new bi-layer scaffold composed of Col I and BCP ceramic was prepared to regenerate osteochondral defect. The result demonstrated the bi-layer scaffold could effectively promote the regeneration of both the cartilage and the subchondral bone layer.
Interesting phase behaviors and ion-conducting properties of dicationic N-alkylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate salts
Authors: Chae Hyunho , Lee Yong-Hoon , Yang Minyong , Yoon Won-Jin , Yoon Dong Ki , Jeong Kwang-Un , Song Yeon Hwa , Choi U Hyek , Lee Minjae
Published: January 2019

A series of dicationic imidazolium bis(tetrafluoroborate) salts were newly synthesized, and their phase transition behaviors were correlated with thermal, scattering, optical and conductivity results.
Low temperature hydrodeoxygenation of guaiacol into cyclohexane over Ni/SiO2 catalyst combined with Hβ zeolite
Authors: Wang Xun , Zhu Shanhui , Wang Sen , He Yue , Liu Yang , Wang Jianguo , Fan Weibin , Lv Yongkang
Published: January 2019

Hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of guaiacol to cyclohexane, important for bio-oil upgrading, is usually performed at high reaction temperature (≥200 °C) over non-noble metal catalysts.
Catalytic decomposition of N2O over Cu–Al–Ox mixed metal oxides
Authors: Jabłońska Magdalena , Arán Miren Agote , Beale Andrew M. , Góra-Marek Kinga , Delahay Gérard , Petitto Carolina , Pacultová Kateřina , Palkovits Regina
Published: January 2019

Cu–Al–Ox mixed metal oxides with intended molar ratios of Cu/Al = 85/15, 78/22, 75/25, 60/30, were prepared by thermal decomposition of precursors at 600 °C and tested for the decomposition of nitrous oxide (deN2O).
Self-assembled ionic nanofibers derived from amino acids for high-performance particulate matter removal
Authors: Zhang Lei , Yuan Wen-Li , Zhang Zhang , Zhang Guo-Hao , Chen Hao , Zhao Nanrong , He Ling , Tao Guo-Hong
Published: January 2019

High-performance air filters were prepared by a simple in situ ionic self-assembly process of amino acid salts.
Evidence for surface defect passivation as the origin of the remarkable photostability of unencapsulated perovskite solar cells employing aminovaleric acid as a processing additive
Authors: Lin Chieh-Ting , De Rossi Francesca , Kim Jinhyun , Baker Jenny , Ngiam Jonathan , Xu Bob , Pont Sebastian , Aristidou Nicholas , Haque Saif A. , Watson Trystan , McLachlan Martyn A. , Durrant James R.
Published: January 2019

AVA can passivate surface defect sites, resulting in enhanced resistivity to oxygen/light induced degradation.
MXene-derived TiO2/reduced graphene oxide composite with an enhanced capacitive capacity for Li-ion and K-ion batteries
Authors: Fang Yongzheng , Hu Rong , Liu Boya , Zhang Yingying , Zhu Kai , Yan Jun , Ye Ke , Cheng Kui , Wang Guiling , Cao Dianxue
Published: January 2019

MXene-derived TiO2/RGO composite was designed and synthesized by the hydrothermal process as a universal anode for Li-ion and K-ion batteries.
Controllable fabrication of magnetic core–shell nanocomposites with high peroxide mimetic properties for bacterial detection and antibacterial applications
Authors: Han Qiusen , Wang Xinhuan , Liu Xueliang , Xiao Wei , Cai Shuangfei , Wang Chen , Yang Rong
Published: January 2019

Pathogenic bacterial infection has become a growing threat to public health; therefore, exploration of a sensitive and specific method for the identification of bacteria is very important.
Highly efficient polymer solar cells based on low-temperature processed ZnO: application of a bifunctional Au@CNTs nanocomposite
Authors: Li Chang , Wang Ge , Gao Yajun , Wang Chen , Wen Shanpeng , Li Huayang , Wu Jiaxin , Shen Liang , Guo Wenbin , Ruan Shengping
Published: January 2019

Incorporating Au@CNTs nanocomposite into low-temperature ZnO electron transport layers to suppress the destructive trap states and improve electron transport properties.
Eu3+-Activated Sr3ZnTa2O9 single-component white light phosphors: emission intensity enhancement and color rendering improvement
Authors: Li Xiaohui , Milićević Bojana , Dramićanin Miroslav D. , Jing Xiping , Tang Qiang , Shi Jianxin , Wu Mingmei
Published: January 2019

A single-component white phosphor was realized via Eu3+-Doping inside Sr3ZnTaO9(SZT). Eu3+-doping induces structural variations of SZT and its luminescence emission intensity is remarkably enhanced and color rendering is consequently improved.
Reliability and Construct Validity of the TBI-QOL Communication Short Form as a Parent-Proxy Report Instrument for Children With Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Cohen Matthew L. , Tulsky David S. , Boulton Aaron J. , Kisala Pamela A. , Bertisch Hilary , Yeates Keith Owen , Zonfrillo Mark R. , Durbin Dennis R. , Jaffe Kenneth M. , Temkin Nancy , Wang Jin , Rivara Frederick P.
Published: January 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the internal consistency and construct validity of the Traumatic Brain Injury Quality of Life Communication Item Bank (TBI-QOL COM) short form as a parent-proxy report measure. The TBI-QOL COM is a patient-reported outcome measure of functional communication originally developed as a self-report measure for adults with traumatic brain injury (TBI), but it may also be valid as a parent-proxy report measure for children who have sustained TBI.

Method

One hundred twenty-nine parent-proxy raters completed the TBI-QOL COM short form 6 months postinjury as a secondary aim of a multisite study of pediatric TBI outcomes. The respondents' children with TBI were between 8 and 18 years old (
M
age
= 13.2 years old) at the time of injury, and the proportion of TBI severity mirrored national trends (73% complicated–mild; 27% moderate or severe).

Results

The parent-proxy report version of the TBI-QOL COM displayed strong internal consistency (ordinal α = .93). It also displayed evidence of known-groups validity by virtue of more severe injuries associated with more abnormal scores. The instrument also showed evidence of convergent and discriminant validity by displaying a pattern of correlations with other constructs according to their conceptual relatedness to functional communication.

Conclusions

This preliminary psychometric investigation of the TBI-QOL COM supports the further development of a parent report version of the instrument. Future development of the TBI-QOL COM with this population may include expanding the content of the item bank and developing calibrations specifically for parent-proxy raters.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.7616534
Modulation of Tongue Pressure According to Liquid Flow Properties in Healthy Swallowing
Authors: Steele Catriona M. , Peladeau-Pigeon Melanie , Barbon Carly A. E. , Guida Brittany T. , Tapson Melanie S. , Valenzano Teresa J. , Waito Ashley A. , Wolkin Talia S. , Hanson Ben , Ong Jane Jun-Xin , Duizer Lisa M.
Published: January 2019

Purpose

During swallowing, the tongue generates the primary propulsive forces that transport material through the oral cavity toward the pharynx. Previous literature suggests that higher tongue pressure amplitudes are generated for extremely thick liquids compared with thin liquids. The purpose of this study was to collect detailed information about the modulation of tongue pressure amplitude and timing across the range from thin to moderately thick liquids.

Method

Tongue pressure patterns were measured in 38 healthy adults (aged under 60 years) during swallowing with 4 levels of progressively thicker liquid consistency (International Dysphagia Diet Standardisation Initiative, Levels 0 =
thin
, 1 =
slightly thick
, 2 =
mildly thick
, and 3 =
moderately thick
). Stimuli with matching gravity flow (measured using the International Dysphagia Diet Standardisation Initiative Flow Test;
Cichero et al., 2017
;
Hanson, 2016
) were prepared both with/without barium (20% weight per volume concentration) and thickened with starch and xanthan gum thickeners.

Results

After controlling for variations in sip volume, thicker liquids were found to elicit significantly higher amplitudes of peak tongue pressure and a pattern of higher (i.e., steeper) pressure rise and decay slopes (change in pressure per unit time). Explorations across stimuli with similar flow but prepared with different thickeners and with/without barium revealed very few differences in tongue pressure, with the exception of significantly higher pressure amplitudes and rise slopes for nonbarium, starch-thickened slightly and mildly thick liquids.

Conclusions

There was no evidence that the addition of barium led to systematic differences in tongue pressure parameters across liquids with closely matched gravity flow. Additionally, no significant differences in tongue pressure parameters were found across thickening agents.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.7616537
Planning for and Working With Children With an Auditory Brainstem Implant: What Therapists Need to Know
Authors: Hammes Ganguly Dianne M. , Schrader Debra K. , Martinez Amy S.
Published: January 2019

Introduction

Investigations of auditory brainstem implants (ABIs) in children started around 2012 in the United States. The team at the University of Southern California-Caruso Family Center for Childhood Communication began seeing children, implanted abroad, in 2006. ABIs are indicated for children who cannot benefit from cochlear implants (CIs). The habilitation and educational needs of children with ABIs versus CIs differ.

Purpose

This document provides information professionals can use when implementing habilitation programs for children with ABIs.

Method

The University of Southern California-Caruso Family Center for Childhood Communication, as part of the Los Angeles Pediatric ABI team, is conducting an ABI safety and feasibility clinical trial. This article shares experiences from the viewpoint of a multidisciplinary team. The article provides background knowledge, an outcomes review, and considerations to guide ABI intervention.

Results

ABIs and CIs differ in the acoustic information they provide. Outcome studies suggest progress is slow with ABIs but that children can develop some auditory or spoken language skills. The children require highly supportive learning experiences. Visual communication support remains important. The considerations outlined reflect the children's need for explicit instruction.

Conclusions

When serving children with ABIs, therapists must apply their broad knowledge about working with children with hearing loss, tempering that knowledge, and recognizing that auditory access and progress differ with ABIs compared to CIs. Educational and program placement decisions may require unconventional thinking.
Design of miniaturised‐element FSS based on 2.5‐dimensional closed‐loop Hilbert fractal
Authors: Khajevandi Seyfollah , Oraizi Homayoon , Amini Amrollah , Poordaraee Mohammad
Published: January 2019

A novel miniaturised frequency selective surface (FSS) unit cell is proposed based on the Hilbert fractal and 2.5‐dimensional (2.5‐D) metallic loop. For the increase of current path, both sides of substrate are used which are connected together by four vias. The dimension of FSS unit cell is obtained as 0.041λ0 × 0.041λ0 at the frequency of 2.47 GHz. The transmission coefficient is insensitive and independent of angle and polarisation of incident wave. A prototype model of the proposed FSS is fabricated and measured for the proof of concept. It is shown that it achieves better miniaturisation relative to the FSS reported in the literature.
X-ray binaries as the origin of nebular He II emission in low-metallicity star-forming galaxies
Authors: Schaerer D. , Fragos T. , Izotov Y. I.
Published: January 2019

The origin of nebular He II emission, which is frequently observed in low-metallicity (O/H) star-forming galaxies, remains largely an unsolved question. Using the observed anticorrelation of the integrated X-ray luminosity per unit of star formation rate (LX/SFR) of an X-ray binary population with metallicity and other empirical data from the well-studied galaxy I Zw 18, we show that the observed He II λ4686 intensity and its trend with metallicity is naturally reproduced if the bulk of He+ ionizing photons are emitted by the X-ray sources. We also show that a combination of X-ray binary population models with normal single and/or binary stellar models reproduces the observed I(4686)/I(Hβ) intensities and its dependency on metallicity and age. We conclude that both empirical data and theoretical models suggest that high-mass X-ray binaries are the main source of nebular He II emission in low-metallicity star-forming galaxies.
Nouvelle méthode de maintenance CBM pour améliorer la durée de vie des pales d’éoliennes implantées dans les zones arides
Authors: Rezig Ahmida , Yousfi Ahmed , Fréour Sylvain , Jacquemin Frédéric , Branchu Samuel
Published: January 2019

l’amélioration de la durée de vie des pales éoliennes opérant dans une région aride au-delà de sa durée de vie habituelle de 20 ou 25 ans oblige leur propriétaire à augmenter le nombre des inspections dans le cadre de la maintenance préventive sachant que les coûts de maintenance et d’arrêt d’une d’éolienne ont un impact direct sur la production totale et peuvent représenter jusqu’à 25% de l’énergie produite. Sachant que dans une région poussiéreuse, les pales sont soumises à une usure érosive qui contribue à la modification de la forme aérodynamique du bord d’attaque et réduit ainsi les performances de l’éolienne. Ce papier décrive et propose une nouvelle méthode de maintenance CBM pour améliorer la durée de vie d’une pale éolienne. Les résultats expérimentaux montrent que l’utilisation de cette méthode est très efficace pour détecter toute dégradation provoquée par l’usure érosive à la surface d’une pale pendant son service.
Tests d’indentation instrumentée sur granulats de Mâchefers d’Incinération de Déchets Non Dangereux. Influence de la taille de l’indenteur sur le module élastique
Authors: Sow Libasse , Kamali-Bernard Siham , Bartier Olivier , Mauvoisin Gérard , Bernard Fabrice
Published: January 2019

Des tests d’indentation instrumentée ont été effectués sur des particules isolées de Mâchefers d’Incinération de Déchets Non Dangereux (MIDND) provenant des carrières de la Garenne à Vignoc (Bretagne, France). Deux indenteurs sphériques en carbure de tungstène de rayon respectifs 0,5 et 140 mm ont été utilisés pour les séries de tests «A» et «B». Les particules étudiées ont des diamètres variant entre 20 et 25 mm. Avec un indenteur de rayon 0,5 mm, des modules élastiques réduits moyens variant de 15 à 68 GPa ont été trouvés. Un module élastique réduit moyen de 15 GPa a été trouvé avec l’indenteur de rayon 140 mm.
Passenger train storage system using structural materials
Authors: Stoica Marilena , Cucu Lucian , Stoica Gina Florica , Carp-Ciocardia Radu Mircea
Published: January 2019

The structural materials remain a challenge for the development of composite passenger train storage system PTSS, especially when composite materials are assembled. The challenge increase when structural materials must be recycled, in aspect of eco-efficiency. The aim of this paper it’s the research of these two aspects with applicability for the passenger train storage.
Effect of Textile structure in the process parameters of thermoplastic bio-composite
Authors: kadi Nawar , Baghaei Behnaz , skrifvars Mikael
Published: January 2019

Thermoplastic bio-composite have a higher potential of use based on the sustainability benefits. Natural fibres today are a popular choice for applications in bio- composite manufacturing. Hybrid yarns are a satisfactory solution to improve the fabrication of composites containing a thermoplastic matrix and plant-based fibres. Nevertheless, it is still difficult to produce bio-composites with superior mechanical properties, due to problematic impregnation and consolidation results during the production process. This paper investigates the processing parameters for the compression moulding of two different hemp/PLA textiles structure bio-composites (warp knitting and weaving structure). Finite element simulations are used to optimise the processing parameters (pressure, temperature, and time). The results demonstrated that the textile structure has a small effect on the time of production. Main while the pressure and temperature of processing parameters depend only on the type of matrix and the thickness of biocomposite has a big impact on the time of production.
Remaining useful life prediction for ball bearings based on health indicators
Authors: Al Masry Zeina , Schaible Patrick , Zerhouni Noureddine , Varnier Christophe
Published: January 2019

Uncertainty in remaining useful life (RUL) prediction is nowadays a scientific problem that occupies industrials. Many prognostic models have been developed to respond to this issue from probabilistic to non-probabilistic approaches. In this paper, we deal with a non- probabilistic model for RUL prediction. For this purpose, we propose a model, which is based on health indicators information, that allows to estimate the RUL of ball bearings. The method is applied to simulated data provided by the PRONOSTIA platform designed and realized at AS2M department of FEMTO- ST Institute.
Reduction of disc brake fading using both design and material optimization
Authors: Kalaaji Jad , Madi Mervat
Published: January 2019

This study is to investigate, under extreme working conditions, the trend of the thermo- mechanical behavior of different brake rotors by means of FEM thermo-mechanical coupled analyses. More efficient designs are suggested and compared to existing ones, based on cooling capability.
Caractérisations mécaniques des charnières pour meuble
Authors: Ali Mohamad , El-Gohary Mohamed
Published: January 2019

Le travail présenté est destiné pour étudier le comportement mécanique de la liaison porte-caisson à travers des charnières invisible à encastrer pour assurer la rotation de la porte durant son ouverture et fermeture. Dans le monde de l’industrie du meuble on confronte toujours la fabrication des portes des placards dont il faut sélectionner le type et le nombre des charnières. L’étude consiste à réaliser une analyse analytique sur un cas spécifique dont on a utilisé des panneaux en fibres à densité moyenne ou MDF (medium density fiber board) et des charnières invisibles à encastrer cette étude a été suivie par une étude numérique avec un modèle des éléments finis.
Tomographic and Time-Resolved PIV measurement of an Impinging Jet on a Slotted Plate
Authors: Hamdi Jana , Abed-Meraïm Kamel , Assoum Hassan , Sakout Anas , Al-Kheir Marwan , Mrach Tarek , Rambault Laurent , Cauet Sebastien , Etien Eric
Published: January 2019

In order to reveal the complete topology of unsteady coherent flow structures the instantaneous measurement of the 3D velocity field is being of the great interest in fluid mechanic. Several different methods were proposed to achieve a 3D version of the technique (scanning light sheet, holography, 3D PTV). We aimed in our study to develop a 3D technique than enables to obtain the 3D kinematic field of an impinging jet by using 2D measurements. In this study and in order to validate the proposed technique [1], the tomographic particle image velocimetry technique has been applied to time resolved PIV recordings. The first step before the validation was to study the vortex shedding phenomena between the jet exit and the slotted plate. The experiments were performed at a Re = 4458 with an initial velocity U0=7m/s using three cameras Phantom V711 and a Nd: YLF LDY 300 Litron laser. In the present study, we analyzed the coherent structures organization by a 3D-velocity visualization. Both mean and fluctuating part of velocity were analyzed for several positions in z. The results has shown that a couple of vortex rolls are created downstream the flow at y/H=2.
Modeling of a pyrolysis batch reactor using COMSOL Multiphysics
Authors: Mazloum Shawki , Awad Sary , Abou Msallem Youssef , Allam Nadine , Loubar Khaled , Tazerout Mohand
Published: January 2019

Plastic Pyrolysis is a thermal degradation process; it offers an important alternative energy. The aim of this study is to model a batch reactor to be used for plastic pyrolysis. Consequently, four experiments with different heating and cooling cycles are done using an empty pyrolysis batch reactor and four temperatures are measured at different locations on the reactor. On the other hand, the empty reactor is modeled and several simulations are done, using COMSOL Multiphysics software, under the same experimental conditions. By comparing the temperatures obtained from simulation to those measured experimentally, it is noticed that the results are very close with a maximum error of 4%, hence the model is validated.
Towards a turbulence characterization in tidal energy sites. First results of THYMOTE project
Authors: Guillou Sylvain , Filipot Jean-François , Thiébot Jérôme , Germain Grégory , Chaplain Nicolas , Ikheunnicheu Maria , Duart Rui , Gaurier Benoît , Bourgoin Adrien , Mercier Philippe , Ata Riadh , Laverne Jérôme , Benhamadouche Sofiane , Pieterse Aline , Maisondieu Christophe , Poizot Emmanuel , Poirier Jean-Charles , Auvray Cédric , Droniou Elois , Arramounet Valentin , Pinon Grégory
Published: January 2019

Tidal turbine will be installed in area with high current and high turbulence level. A characterisation of this last is required. The aim of the project THYMOTE is to characterize and understand the generation of eddies from smaller to several tens of meters. Three technics are used: Numerical modelling, Physical modelling, field measurements. Physical and numerical modelling show clearly the appearance of the eddies close to the bottom in presence of dunes or rocks and their motion towards the free surface.
New approach for gas identification using supervised learning methods (SVM and LVQ)
Authors: Harakeh Aref , Mellah Samia , Ouladsine Mustapha , Younes Rafic , Bellet Catherine
Published: January 2019

This article proposes a new approach for gas identification, this approach relies on applying supervised learning methods to identify a single gas as well as a mixture of two gases. The gas is trapped in a gas discharge tube, it is then ionized at a relatively low pressure using an HV transformer. The images captured after the ionization of each single gas is then captured and transformed into a database after being treated in order to be classified. The obtained results were very satisfying for SVM as well as for LVQ. For the case of identification of a single gas, the learning rate as well as the validation rate for both methods were 100%. However, for the case of mixture of two gases, a Multi-Layer Perceptron neural network was used to identify the gases, the learning rate as well as the validation rate were 98.59% and 98.77% respectively. The program developed on MATLAB takes the captured image as an input and outputs the identified gases for the user. The gases used in the experiments are Argon (Ar), oxygen (O2), Helium (He) and carbon dioxide (CO2).
Démantèlement des installations nucléaires : une faisabilité technique pas tout à fait acquise
Authors: Romagnan Barbara
Published: January 2019

Le choix de procéder au démantèlement des installations nucléaires après leur arrêt devrait permettre de réutiliser les espaces libérés. Cependant, la faisabilité technique des opérations de déconstruction et décontamination n’a pas encore été démontrée sur la diversité du parc français.
Impact du nucléaire sur la santé et l’environnement en situation non accidentelle
Authors: Stéphan Claude , Barbey Pierre
Published: January 2019

Quel est l’impact du fonctionnement d’une centrale nucléaire sur l’environnement, les terres et les populations avoisinantes ? Quelles sont les phases industrielles de la filière, de l’extraction du minerai à l’exploitation des centrales, qui comportent les effets sensibles les plus controversés ?

Deux chercheurs répondent à nos questions en exprimant des points de vue opposés.
Le risque d’accident nucléaire : prévention et gestion
Authors: Gariel Jean-Christophe , Majnoni d’Intignano Sophia
Published: January 2019

Estimer le risque d’un accident nucléaire, et s’y préparer, comporte de grandes difficultés et des hypothèses qui font rarement consensus. Quant à la gestion d’un éventuel accident, l’Histoire a montré que les décisions et choix opérationnels dépendent de la structure politique et sociale des territoires concernés. Regards croisés de deux experts du domaine.
Sous-traitance et qualité dans une centrale nucléaire
Authors: Reynaud Gilles
Published: January 2019

Comme dans la plupart des activités industrielles, l’industrie nucléaire a recours à la sous-traitance pour assurer l’exploitation de sa filière. Cependant, le rôle des salariés non statutaires a beaucoup évolué et comporte des spécificités qui peuvent avoir un impact sur la sureté d’une centrale. Entretien avec un sous-traitant.
Participer au débat sur le nucléaire
Authors: Lafaye Françoise
Published: January 2019

Participer au débat sur le nucléaire peut se faire de plusieurs façons : de la mobilisation à la participation à des dispositifs qui lui sont dédiés, en passant par le simple accueil d’un équipement sur son territoire. Les sciences humaines et sociales (SHS) se sont longtemps intéressées aux mouvements de contestation du nucléaire pour progressivement analyser d’autres aspects sociaux et politiques de cette manière de produire de l’électricité. Qu’ils étudient des habitants qui vont devoir intégrer cette mono-industrie particulière à leur univers quotidien ou les différents acteurs qui prennent part au débat public, les chercheurs mettent alors en exergue une multitude de conceptions du nucléaire qui poussent les premiers à agir ou à s’affronter dans l’espace public, dans le cas des seconds.
Les nouveaux concepts de réacteurs nucléaires
Authors: Billebaud Annick
Published: January 2019

Les recherches sur des nouveaux types de réacteurs nucléaires pouvant succéder aux réacteurs actuels sont des travaux de longue haleine. De nombreux nouveaux concepts sont à l’étude mais, depuis 2000, un forum international incite la recherche à se concentrer sur quelques systèmes prometteurs vis-à-vis des nouveaux critères que devraient remplir des réacteurs de 4e génération. En France, les systèmes étudiés dans ce cadre sont les réacteurs à neutrons rapides refroidis au sodium et les réacteurs à sels fondus. Les réacteurs pilotés par accélérateur, s’inscrivant dans une stratégie d’incinération de déchets dans des systèmes dédiés, font également l’objet d’études depuis vingt ans.
Autologous Patellar Tendon Reconstruction after Total Knee Arthroplasty Infection with Skin Loss: Anatomical Study and Case Report
Authors: Pérez-García Alberto , Esteban-Vico Juan Ramon , García-Sánchez Jose María , Baeza José , Soriano Francisco Martínez , Valverde Navarro Alfonso Amador , García-Granero Álvaro , Simón-Sanz Eduardo
Published: January 2019

Disruption of patellar tendon after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a devastating complication. If associated with infection or soft tissue defect, knee arthrodesis is usually indicated. The purpose of this study is to analyze, by means of an anatomical study, the feasibility of our novel technique for reconstruction of extensor apparatus after TKA infections with skin defects, combining gracilis (G) and semitendinosus (ST) tendon autografts and chimeric medial gastrocnemius-sural artery perforator (SAP) flap. In addition, to report on the use of this reconstruction, we described an illustrative clinical case. Ten fresh cadaver lower limbs were dissected. The width of the gastrocnemius, number of medial SAP, length of hamstrings tendons, and distance from the lower pole of the patella to anterior tibial tuberosity (ATT) were measured. A mean of 1.37 perforator branches (range 1–3) was found. In all cases, the tendon length for gracilis and ST, and the width in the middle third of gastrocnemius related to the patella-ATT distance were enough to make the reconstruction. We performed this technique in a 78-year-old man with an infected TKA with skin defect. After 1 year and two-stage procedure, the patient achieved full active knee extension and was able to ambulate without aids. Extensor apparatus reconstruction combining tendon autografts and chimeric medial gastrocnemius-SAP flap is an available technique and may be considered as an alternative to arthrodesis in extensor mechanism ruptures after infection in TKA.