bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ICT Usage in Enterprises in the Years 2010–2019 – Poland in Comparison with Other European Union Countries
Authors: Kupis-Fijałkowska Aleksandra , Misztal Małgorzata
Published: January 2023

As Eurostat’s glossary explains, the term Information and Communication Technologies (ICT): ‘covers all technical means used to handle information and aid communication. This includes both computer and network hardware, as well as their software.’ In both local and global perspective, the ICT impact on modern economies and societies is undeniable. Moreover, it is growing, as the usability and technical capabilities are expanding. The researchers recognised that the ICT expansion in enterprises is a stimulant for economic development, as it strengthens competitiveness and innovation. Its impact on labour markets is significant, and constantly increasing demand for digital competences and ICT specialists can be observed. In both global and local perspective, the ICT sector is growing dynamically along with its value share in GDP. Monitoring the development of ICT usage as well as analysing how it stimulates socio‑economic transformations and growth are crucial for global leaders, governments and local authorities all over the world in order to formulate policy at all levels. Also, it plays a significant role in modern businesses expansion, as it strengthens innovativeness and competitiveness.
The main objective of the paper is to study the ICT usage development in Poland against other EU countries from the enterprises’ perspective in the years 2010–2019 (before the COVID–19 pandemic and Brexit). The research presented was based on Eurostat data. The variables were selected on the basis of the literature review on ICT usage, as well as the criterion of data availability and comprehensiveness. The exploratory data analysis methods dealing with three‑way data structures, i.e. the between and within‑class principal component analysis, were used, and the presentation of the results was supported by factorial maps (scatterplots and biplots).
In the analysed period, enterprises in all the European Union Member States intensified their ICT usage. Despite the positive trend from 2010 to 2019, Poland remained far behind the leading countries, and more precisely, was in the group of the least developed ones.
Recomendaciones para una política nacional de emprendimiento femenino en Chile
Authors: Araya Francisca , Kuschel Katherina , Alsua Carlos
Published: January 2023

Este estudio identifica y caracteriza los programas de apoyo a mujeres con intenciones de emprender, emprendedoras nacientes y establecidas disponiblesen el ecosistema chileno desde el sector público y privado con el fin de proponer recomendaciones para una política nacional de emprendimiento femenino.El análisis del catastro de sesenta y nueve programas a) confirma al sector público como principal motor del ecosistema de emprendimiento femenino, asignando financiamiento; b) demuestra la acelerada creación de programas de emprendimiento orientados a mujeres desde el último catastro de catorceprogramas mapeados por Mujeres del Pacífico en 2016; y c) muestra que la pandemia de COVID-19 postergó y desaceleró programas de generación de redes y eventos, pero aceleró la creación de contenidos en forma de programas de educación y formación emprendedora. El análisis de este inventario de programas evidencia la necesidad de formular una clara política nacional de emprendimiento femenino que alinee y optimice los esfuerzos del sector público.
Mujeres liderando microemprendimientos en Chile. El desafío de la formalización
Authors: Ruiz-Martínez Rocío , Quiroz-Rojas Paula
Published: January 2023

El microemprendimiento en América Latina y Caribe toma un rol preponderante a nivel económico y social. Este segmento de organizaciones se caracteriza por presentar altos índices de informalidad y de precarización en su accionar, cuya magnitud tiene grandes implicaciones en unas sociedades marcadas por una sustantiva desigualdad de género. A su vez, el impacto de la pandemia por COVID-19 en la economía informal en América Latina ha mostrado ser relevante por sus diferentes implicaciones y presenta además desafíos a futuro, por ello resulta de interés identificar aspectos subyacentes a este impacto que impulsan y/o perpetúan las condiciones de formalización del emprendimiento. El objetivo de este estudio es identificar las variables que afectan a la formalización del microemprendimiento en Chile en el escenario pre-pandemia, y explorar diferencias existentes entre los microemprendimientos liderados por hombres y por mujeres. Aplicando un modelo econométrico Probit, los resultados agregados revelan impulsores relativos a la llevanza de registros contables, niveles de ingresos por sobre el sueldo mínimo, o capital intelectual, los cuales incrementarían la probabilidad de formalizar en ambos colectivos. Sin embargo la brecha de género en el nivel de ingreso dejaría atrás a las mujeres. Por otro lado, la probabilidad de formalizar decrece mientras aumenta la cantidad de horas de trabajo no remunerado, variable que afecta en mayor medida a las mujeres, que prácticamente triplican la cantidad de horas destinadas por los hombres a esas actividades. El artículo demanda el uso de la perspectiva de género como aspecto clave en la investigación. Finalmente, se sugieren direccionamientos para política pública e investigación futura.
Technique for Processing and Routing Staining of Hair Samples for Histological Study
Authors: Sinha Snehangsu , Sarma Kabita , Rajkhowa Jiten
Published: January 2023

The staining of free hair samples is considered as one of the biggest problem by the Histologists. This technique has been developed for processing and routine staining of free hair samples without the skin. It is based on paraffin embedded blocks of hair samples. The blocks were cut in the rotary microtome at 6 µ thickness. After obtaining the sections of 6 µ thickness in rotary microtome, the sections were not required to be put in water bath as the hair samples were hard and did not get folded. Further, if water bath was used, this could result in the loss of the hair part from the section. The cuticle did not take any color in the routine staining as it was composed of enucleated or keratinized cells. The cortex had taken the pink colour of eosin which might be due to the composition of cortex with flattened cornified cells and numerous air spaces. The medulla showed a mixture of pink and blue color on staining with Hematoxylin and Eosin solutions.
Practical Guides for Participatory Methods: Rivers of Life
Authors: Howard Jo
Published: January 2023

Through drawing of a river, this method helps to access and communicate personal experiences, and facilitate group dialogue around the issues that the groups themselves identify. The expectation is that, through staged group activities moving from individual activity to group discussion, trust and rapport can be built with the researcher, and between the participants.
Religión y sociedad: las ideas judías y adventistas sobre mesianismo
Authors: Cortes Maicol alejandro
Published: January 2023

Hay dos tendencias dominantes acerca de la era mesiánica en el judaísmo, restaurativa y utópica. Después de estudiar brevemente ambas tendencias y ver como ellas son entendidas por los sionistas religiosos, este estudio analiza las ideas acerca de la era mesiánica en los adventistas del séptimo día. Al parecer, la manera en que se entiende la era mesiánica tiene repercusiones en la forma en que se comprende la relación entre religión y sociedad. Aunque la visión de la era mesiánica de los adventistas tiene similitudes con la de los sionistas, ambos grupos tienen discrepancias.
EFFICIENCY OF TELEMEDICAL TECHNOLOGIES IN TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH THEORAL MUCOSA DISEASES
Authors:   Volgograd State Medical University, Makedonova Yu.A. , Gavrikova L.M. ,   Volgograd State Medical University, Dyachenko S.V. ,   Volgograd State Medical University, Dyachenko D.Yu. ,   Volgograd State Medical University
Published: January 2023

In the context of the coronavirus infection (COVID-19) pandemic, there is an acute problem of timely provision of high-quality medical care to the population, which determines the relevance of the introduction of telemedicine technologies in dentistry. Telemedicine technologies in the mode of delayed consultations were carried out for 6 months in the treatment of 15 patients with diseases of the oral mucosa in the «doctor-doctor» segment.As a result of the remote consultations, confirmationof the diagnosis and the prescribed treatment was obtained in 14 clinical cases (94%), in one case one of the methods of laboratory examination was recommended. The advantages of telemedicine technologies were identified: availability, cost-effectiveness, thepossibility of developing a comprehensive plan for examining and treating a patient as a result of the interaction of doctors.
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF A QUANTITATIVE HPLC/MS/MS METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF VANCOMYCIN IN BLOOD PLASMA
Authors:   Volgograd State Medical University, Petrov V.I. , Anikeev I.S. ,   Volgograd State Medical University, Zayachnikova T.E. ,   Volgograd State Medical University, Strygin A.V. ,   Volgograd Scientific Medical Center, Dotsenko A.M. ,   Volgograd Scientific Medical Center, Strygina A.O. ,   Volgograd State Medical University
Published: January 2023

Within the framework of this study, a quantitative HPLC-MS/MS (high-performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometric detection) method for the determination of vancomycin was developed. The method for the quantitative determination of vancomycin in human plasma was validated using the chromato-mass spectrometric method. The method was validated in accordance with the requirements of the EAEU for bioanalytical methods. The validated analytical range of thetechnique was 1–100 μg/mL in plasma.
FETAL GROWTH RESTRICTION: BEST PRACTICES FOR DIAGNOSIS,MONITORING AND TREATMENT (CLINICAL RECOMMENDATION
Authors:   Volgograd State Medical University, Shklyar Alexey L. , Tkachenko Lyudmila V. ,   Volgograd State Medical University, Verovskaya Tatiana A. ,   Volgograd regional clinical perinatal center
Published: January 2023

Worldwide, fetal growth restriction (FGR) is a leading cause of stillbirth, neonatal mortality, and short-and long-term morbidity. Ongoing advances in clinical care, especially in definitions, diagnosis, and management of FGR, require efforts to effectively translate these changes to the wide range of obstetric care providers. This article highlights agreements based on current researchin the diagnosis and management of FGR.The purpose of this article is to provide a comprehensive summary of available evidence along with practical recommendations concerning the care of pregnancies at risk of or complicated by FGR, with the overall goal to decrease the risk of stillbirthand neonatal mortality and morbidity associated with this condition. This article is directed at multiple stakeholders, including healthcare providers, healthcare delivery organizations andproviders, FIGO member societies, and professional organizations. Aspects of FGR addressed in this article include prediction, diagnosis, investigation, and management.
REVIEW OF THE BOOK BY A.A. VOROBYOV AND CO-AUTHORS"CLINICAL ANATOMY OF THE FEMALE PERINEUM"
Authors:   Volgograd State Medical University, Krayushkin Alexander I.
Published: January 2023

The article substantiates the relevance of the reviewed work for fundamental sciences, practitioners (obstetricians, gynecologists, general surgeons, plastic surgeons, colonoproctologists, venereologists, pathologists, forensic physicians, cosmetologists, urologists, sex therapists), clinical residents and a wide student audience. The epochal nature of the publication of Volgograd medical scientists is emphasized (without exaggeration).
CONTINUING PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT (CPD): HOW IN-SERVICE EFL TEACHERS SEE MENTORING AS A RELEVANT TECHNIQUE
Authors:   S.Pd., M.Ed. in TESOL, Assistant Professor, English Language Education Study Programme, Faculty of Letters and Languages, Christian University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia, Purnamasari Asri
Published: January 2023

Mentoring has been widely applied to professional development practices in many areas, including education. In Indonesia, mentoring has not been implemented as a way of collaborative CPD for EFL teachers. In the United Kingdom, for instance, mentoring has become one of the required ways for teachers to learn from each other and support other teachers. By using a qualitative exploratory study, teachers’ views toward mentoring as a relevant technique to in-service EFL teachers will be explored. The data was collected by using a semi-structured interview to investigate in-service EFL teachers. The findings showed different participants’ views on mentoring as a relevant technique to in-service EFL teachers’ CPD. Most of the teachers found that mentoring would benefit experienced teachers to refresh and update their practices, as well as support novice teachers. It is also found that mentoring could give mutual benefits for EFL teachers who teach in different institutions and places. However, this study found that mentoring at the same time has some limitations related to the need for professional teachers to become mentors. Moreover, teachers are already busy with teaching and administrative stuff. Thus, some recommendations related to further study for the implementation of mentoring as a relevant technique to in-service EFL teachers’ CPD are presented.
Resurgence of Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Children: An Out-of-Season Epidemic in Portugal
Authors: Torres Ana Rita , Guiomar Raquel Guiomar , Verdasca Nuno , Melo Aryse , Rodrigues Ana Paula , On behalf of Laboratórios para o Diagnóstico da Gripe
Published: January 2023

Introduction: An out-of-season increase in respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) incidence was observed in Portugal from June 2021 onwards, revealing a continuing surge in cases throughout 2021/2022 autumn/winter. We aimed to describe this out-of-season epidemic and define its epidemic period, by analysing RSV incidence from week 40 of 2020 (2020-W40) to week 18 of 2022 (2022-W18).Material and Methods: Surveillance data on weekly RSV laboratory confirmed cases, in Portugal, was used to monitor RSV incidence using CUSUM test methodology for count data.Results: In 2021-W23, the CUSUM score identified a significant increase in the risk of RSV. By that time, the percentage of RSV positive tests rose from 1% in 2021-W22 (3/265) to 6% in 2021-W23 (18/298). Despite a sharp decrease in RSV incidence on 2021-W33 and on 2022-W02, the CUSUM score stayed over the limit up to 2022-W07, indicating that the RSV activity remained at an epidemic level. Distinct peaks of RSV cases were observed between 2021-W30 and 2021-W32 (average of 77 RSV cases per week) and between 2021-W39 and 2021-W41 (average of 79 RSV cases per week) with positivity rates around 60%.Conclusion: An out-of-season RSV epidemic was identified, with a longer epidemic period compared with previous seasons. Possible reasons include relaxation of COVID-19 physical distancing measures and a greater proportion of population susceptible to disease. As several factors may change the pattern of RSV activity, countries should implement year-round surveillance RSV surveillance systems. These findings might have an impact on public health planning regarding future RSV surges, namely, on the palivizumab prophylaxis period for high-risk infants.
The peri-implant ligament
Authors: Nascimento Marvin do , Souza Bruno Martins de , Posch Aline Tany
Published: January 2023

The peri-implant ligament is formed from the interface of bone tissue, through the anchoring of proteins and the surface of the dental implant. In this sense, it is relevant to understand the extent to which this ligament is structured and biomimics the periodontal ligament functions. Aim: The goal of this scoping review is to present and analyze the peri-implant ligament composition and compare the extent to which this ligament is structured and biomimics the periodontal ligament functions. Methods: This scoping review was performed according to the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology for scoping reviews and following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses extension for scoping review. Two independent researchers searched Pubmed, Cochrane, Embase, Virtual Health Library, Scielo, Scopus, Web of Science, Brazilian Bibliography of Dentistry, Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences, Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations from the University of São Paulo and Portal Capes. Studies published in English, Portuguese and Spanish, over the last 21 years (2000-2021). Results: A total of 330 titles were identified and after applying inclusion and exclusion factors, 27 studies were included in this review. All proteins were identified regarding their tissue function and classified into 6 major protein groups. After that this new protein ligament was compared with the periodontal ligament regarding its function and composition. The main proteins associated with osseointegration, and thus, with the peri-implant ligament are recognized as belonging to the periodontal ligament. Conclusion: This scoping review results suggest evidence of the composition and function of the periimplant ligament. However, variations may still exist due to the existence of several modulants of the osseointegration process.
BENCANA GLOBAL COVID 19 : EKONOMI, POLITIK, & AGAMA
Authors: Mustafa Mus Tafa
Published: January 2023

Abstrak

 

Fenomena global pandemi Virus Corona (Covid-19), menjadi perhatian Negara-negara di dunia, karena telah mempengaruhi perekonomian, polirik maupun kegiatana keagaman secara global, semua sector mengalami kerugian yang sangat besar dan dirasakan oleh seluruh sector mulai dari usaha kecil, menengah maupun besar, begitu pula yang di rasakan oleh tingkatan kelas manusia sebagai pengelola usaha, dari yang miskin, menjadi lebih miskin lagi, dari yang menengah menjatuh miskin, dan dari yang kaya menjadi menengah. Dampak perekonomian global akibat wabah virus corona bisa lebih buruk daripada yang diperkirakan sebelumnya. Berbagai indikator memperlihatkan dampak ekonomi, politik, maupun keagamaan akibat covid 19 ini lebih besar daripada krisis ekonomi global tahun 2008 khususnya negara Indonesia. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengurai, dan menggali peran ekonomi, politik dan agama, dalam membangun kembali semangat ekonomi, politik maupun keagamaan yang sudah lesu, masjid, gereja, wihara dll, sebagai tempat ibadah dan kegiatan sosialnya agar segera di kembalikan sebagai mana fungsi semestinya, dan Negara sebagai pengelola sumber daya alam, maupun sumber daya manusia untuk mencapai kesejahteraan masyarakatnnya.

 

Kata Kunci: Fenomena Global Covid 19: Ekonomi, Politik & Agama
O aproveitamento energético do biogás como ferramenta para os objetivos do desenvolvimento sustentável
Authors: Lins Leonardo Pereira , Padilha Janine Carvalho , Furtado Andréia Cristina , Mito Jessica Yuki de Lima
Published: January 2023

A demanda mundial por energia e alimentos gera, tanto no campo como na cidade, impactos ambientais, e muitos desses pela má disposição de resíduos orgânicos. Uma forma de minimizar esses impactos no meio ambiente é realizar o tratamento dos resíduos gerados nos diversos setores. Dentro das possibilidades de tratamento dos resíduos orgânicos, está a digestão anaeróbia. Como resultado deste processo, tem-se a produção do biogás, que é composto por diversos gases, entre eles, o metano e o dióxido de carbono, como principais. O biogás tem potencial energético, podendo gerar energia elétrica e térmica, além de ser utilizado na forma de biometano. Com a diversidade de aplicações energéticas e possibilidade de redução de resíduos, tanto a digestão anaeróbia quanto o biogás contribuem para a implantação e aplicação dos Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS). Estes objetivos têm ampla abrangência, que vão desde a necessidade de saneamento básico, energia limpa e acessível para todos, cidades e comunidades sustentáveis, consumo responsável, até ações contra a mudança climática global, por meio da redução de gases causadores do efeito estufa. Nesse contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho é relacionar os ODS e os projetos de digestão anaeróbia de resíduos orgânicos, que contribuem tanto para a melhora significativa de uma comunidade ou região quanto nas questões ambientais, sociais e econômicas. A metodologia utilizada foi a análise dos conceitos atendidos pelo uso do sistema de digestão anaeróbia em concordância com os objetivos, as metas e as submetas dos ODS. Com isso, observou-se a inter-relação de ao menos cinco ODS: 6, 7, 11, 12 e 13. Em síntese, o uso de sistemas anaeróbios com o aproveitamento do biogás auxilia na substituição e/ou redução de fontes de energia não renováveis, podendo ser aplicada tanto na cidade como no campo, promovendo melhor qualidade de vida para todos.
Public healthcare (in)accessibility for TB patients: a slum’s-eye view
Authors: Delaney Catherine , Delaney Thomas
Published: January 2023

The government healthcare system unintentionally excludes the destitute in several ways. In this article, a “slum’s-eye” perspective on the public healthcare system is offered through reflections on stories of tuberculosis patients in urban poor neighbourhoods. We hope these stories contribute to discourse on how to strengthen the public healthcare system and make it more accessible for all, especially the poor.
Profile of Serological (IgM/IgG) and Virological Markers of COVID-19 in Some Private Universities in Cameroon During the Pandemic
Authors: Kamga Wouambo Rodrigue , Djuikoué Cecile Ingrid , Esemu Livo Forgu , Kagoue Simeni Luc Aime , Tchitchoua Murielle , Djouela Djoulako Paule Dana , Fokam Joseph , Singwe-Ngandeu Madeleine , Mpoudi Ngolé Eitel , Apalata Teke
Published: January 2023

Background: COVID-19 remains a rapidly evolving and deadly pandemic worldwide. This necessitates the continuous assessment of existing diagnostic tools for robust, up-to-date and cost-effective pandemic response strategy. We sought to determine the infection rate (PCR-positivity) and degree of spread (IgM/IgG) of SARS-CoV-2 in three university settings in Cameroon Method: Study volunteers were recruited from November 2020 to July 2021 among COVID-19 non-vaccinated students in three Universities from two regions of Cameroon (West and Centre). Molecular testing was performed by RT-qPCR on nasopharyngeal swabs and IgM/IgG antibodies in plasma were detected using the Abbott Panbio IgM/IgG rapid diagnostic test (RDT) at the Virology Laboratory of CREMER/IMPM/MINRESI. The molecular and serological profiles were compared and, p<0.05 considered statistically significant. Results: Amongst the 291 participants enrolled (mean age 22.59±10.43 years), 19.59% (57/291) were symptomatic and 80.41 %(234/2691) asymptomatic. Overall COVID-19 PCR-positivity rate was 21.31% (62/291), distributed as follows: 25.25% from UdM-Bangangte; 27.27% from ISSBA-Yaounde and 5% from IUEs/INSAM-Yaounde. Women were more affected than men (28.76% [44/153] vs. 13.04% [18/138], p<0.0007) and they significantly expressed more IgM+/IgG+ (15.69% [24/153] vs. 7.25% [10/138], p<0.01). Participants from Bangangté, the nomadic, and the “non-contact cases” mainly presented an active infection compared to those from Yaoundé (p= 0.05; p=0.05 and p=0.01 respectively). Overall IgG seropositivity (IgM-/IgG+ and IgM+/IgG+) was 24.4% (71/291). A proportion of 26.92% (7/26) presenting COVID-19 IgM+/IgG- had negative PCR versus 73.08% (19/26) with positive PCR, p<0.0001. Furthermore, 17.65% (6/34) with COVID-19 IgM+/IgG+ had negative PCR as compared to 82.35% positive PCR (28/34), p<0.0001. Lastly, 7.22% (14/194) with IgM-/IgG- had a positive PCR. Conclusion: This study calls for a rapid preparedness and response strategy in higher institutes in case of any future pathogen with pandemic or epidemic potentials. The observed disparity between IgG/IgM and viral profile supports prioritizing assays targeting the virus (nucleic acid or antigen) for diagnosis and antibody screening for sero-surveys
Silk Biomaterials is an Essential Tool and Potential Applications in Biomedical Industries-A Review
Authors: Dutta Rhishika , T Pramod , Oli Ajay Kumar , S. Renuka Jyothi , T. Vishwanatha , Nandikolmath Veeresh , O. Sadashiv S. , Patil Sharangouda J.
Published: January 2023

Silk is a globally renowned abundant biopolymer obtained from various sources of the Lepidoptera family, among which the most commonly used and researched are spider silk and silk worm silk. All varieties of silk have beneficial characteristics such as high tensile strength, biocompatibility, producing a reduced immune response in a biological system, biodegradability, and the ability to withstand environmental stresses as well. These features make silk suitable for a number of applications as a biomaterial. The vast potential of silk and its proteins in cosmetics, oncology, tissue engineering, TOC screenings, for preserving food, cosmetic product as a silk gel and bioremediation makes it a well-sought biopolymer among researchers. Experiments over the years have revealed that biomaterials constituting silk are very potent but are yet to be scaled up for commercial uses, but the various advantageous properties of silk biomaterial far overshadows the impeding problems of production.
COVID-19 mRNA Vaccines: From Inflammation to Hyperinflammation
Authors: Giannotta Girolamo , Murrone Antonio , Giannotta Nicola
Published: January 2023

Each injection of any known vaccine results in a strong expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. This is the result of the innate immune system activation, without which no adaptive response to the injection of vaccines is possible. COVID-19 mRNA vaccines would not escape this rule. Unfortunately, the degree of inflammation produced by these vaccines is variable, probably depending on the genetic background and previous immune experiences, which through epigenetic modifications, could have made the innate immune system of each individual tolerant or reactive to subsequent immune stimulations.We hypothesize that we can move from a limited pro-inflammatory condition to conditions of increasing expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines that can culminate in multisystem hyperinflammatory syndromes following COVID-19 mRNA vaccines (MIS-V). We have graphically represented this idea in a hypothetical inflammatory pyramid (IP) and we have correlated the time factor to the degree of inflammation produced after the injection of vaccines. Furthermore, we have placed the clinical manifestations within this hypothetical IP, correlating them to the degree of inflammation produced. Surprisingly, excluding the possible presence of an early MIS-V, the time factor and the complexity of clinical manifestations are correlated to the increasing degree of inflammation: symptoms, heart disease and syndromes (MIS-V).
Not Hydraulic but an Adsorption Water Transport occurs in the Xylem of Land Plants
Authors: Hahn Karlheinz
Published: January 2023

Ad- and desorption forces move water in living xylem/wood from the root to the leaf thermodynamically. The doctrine of plant water transport, the so-called cohesion- or cohesion-tension theory, postulates however that the process is physically based on a hydraulic fluid flow with negative pressure in water conducting tubes originating from the leaves. Lower pressure (suction) driven volume flow is physically a branch of mechanics. Moisture absorbed from the soil via the root is thought to be pulled up the stem by the leaves in continuous and tensioned threads of water. It is assumed that the hydraulic Hagen/Poiseuille flow law, derived for tubes, applies in the xylem. In a textbook of botany you can find the opinion: "Just as the pipes of a water pipe supply necessary water to each household, leaf nerves supply water and nutrient salts to each individual cell.” (Translated from German). Many plant physiologists consider this hydraulic principle to be correct, but it does not remain unchallenged. Doubts are repeatedly expressed. The question arises: How does water transport actually take place? It is shown how the diffusive/adsorption transport principle works. The partial dehydration (desorption) of the plant, driven by the diffusive process of transpiration, forms a combined concentration and adsorption-site gradient for water in the xylem matrix. Especially with open stomata the lowest moisture concentration and the highest number of adsorption-sites for water (sites with free van der Waals forces), can be found in the mesophyll cell walls at the liquid/vapor boundary in the leaf. The water taken up by the root moves spontaneously in the direction of this boundary and can thus partially or completely compensate for the existing concentration- and adsorption-site- differences for water. Thus, a thermodynamic overlapping diffusive/adsorptive movement of moisture along the stationary xylem/wood takes place. After the introduction and a review of some controversies with cohesion theory, the physiology of the processes associated with long-distance water displacement is mentioned below. A thermodynamic adsorption hypothesis of the natural water transport in plants, based on known facts, is presented.
Legal and Economic Consequences of The Violation of Individual Privacy and Data Protection Rights During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Damjanović Biljana , Grbović Sanja , Ćupić Danilo
Published: January 2023

The basic constitutional freedoms and rights of a person and citizen are in principle unlimited: the full scope of their exercise is the rule, and the restriction determined by law can only be an exception based on explicit constitutional authority and the legitimate aim of the restriction determined by the Constitution. That being so, the restrictions - in addition to being based on constitutional authority and pursuing constitutional objectives - should be commensurate with the needs to achieve these objectives. This means that restrictive legal rules must be suitable for achieving the legitimate aim pursued, must not be stricter than necessary and must be balanced between the constitutionally guaranteed subjective right of the individual and the interests of society. In this scholar paper, the authors point out the economic and legal consequences of the violation of individual privacy and data protection rights caused by the public disclosure of personal data of people who, at a certain time, were obliged to self-isolate due to suspicion of Covid-19 virus infection.
Syrian SMEs in Times of Covid-19 Pandemic: Challenges, Adaptation and Policy Measures
Authors: Akkad Bana Abdulmajid , Mouselli Sulaiman
Published: January 2023

SMEs constitute the backbone of the Syrian economy which have suffered manifold challenges due to the continuous Syrian war. Covid-19 added further pressures on Syrian SMEs and force them to take certain adaptation strategies to survive. This paper aims to investigate the main challenges that face Syrian SMEs during the pandemic and illustrate how they respond to adversities emerged from governmental intervention to control the spread of the virus. It also discusses the measures initiated by the government to support SMEs during the pandemic. Through interviewing persons from the Syrian SMEs ecosystem, we find that high interest rates on SMEs loans, decline on demand as well as high inflation represent the main challenges. SMEs respond to these challenges by marketing products online, stock procurement, and strengthen connections with stakeholders. We recommend the Syrian authorities reduce lending rates and increase loan size available to SMEs to help them overcome the pandemic adversities. Moreover, SMEs will immensely benefit from training on digital tools to enhance their expansion and survival opportunities. Furthermore, bazars should be organized around the year to give SMEs the opportunity to gain continuous access to markets. In addition, incubation services should be revised, particularly, to SMEs with great potential to grow to create the suitable environment for them to scale and flourish.
Fremanezumab and Non-High-Dose Galcanezumab for Comorbid Cluster Headache in Patients With Migraine: 3 Cases
Authors: Kashiwagi Kenta , Katsuki Masahito , Kawamura Shin , Tachikawa Senju , Ono Atsuko , Koh Akihito
Published: January 2023

A new treatment option for cluster headache (CH) prevention is needed. Monoclonal antibodies (mABs) against calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) ligands are used as a preventative treatment for migraine. Considering the CGRP’s role in the CH attack’s ignition and upkeep, fremanezumab and galcanezumab have been evaluated for CH preventative treatment. However, only high-dose (300 mg) galcanezumab was proven for episodic CH prevention. We herein report 3 cases of migraine and comorbid CH with previous failures of preventive treatments. The 2 cases were treated with fremanezumab and the one with non-high-dose galcanezumab. All 3 cases showed good results not only on migraine but also on CH attacks. Our report suggested the efficacy of CGRP-mABs for CH prevention. Our cases differed from the cases in the phase 3 trials of CGRP-mABs for CH prevention in the following 2 points. First, the patients had both migraine and comorbid CH. Second, the combined use of CGRP-mABs with preventative drugs for CH, such as verapamil and/or prednisolone, was performed. Future accumulation of real-world data may prove the efficacy of CGRP-mABs for CH prevention.
Risk Factors of Cannula-associated Arterial Thrombosis following Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation support: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Trieu Ngan Hoang Kim , Phan Xuan Thi , Tran Linh Thanh , Pham Huy Minh , Huynh Dai Quang , Nguyen Tuan Manh , Mai Anh Tuan , Du Quan Quoc Minh , Nguyen Bach Xuan , Pham Thao Thi Ngoc
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Hemostatic dysfunction during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) due to blood-circuit interaction and the consequences of shear stress by flow rates lead to rapid activation of the coagulation cascade and thrombus formation in the ECMO system and blood vessels. In this study, we aimed to identify the incidence and risk factors for cannula-associated arterial thrombosis (CaAT) post-decannulation. Methods: A retrospective study of patients undergoing arterial cannula removal following ECMO. We evaluated the incidence of CaAT and compared clinical characteristics, pre-ECMO severity, and daily hemostasis parameters in patients with and without CaAT. Multivariate analysis revealed the risk factors for CaAT. Results: Forty-seven patients requiring venoarterial ECMO or hybrid methods were recruited to be screened for thrombosis. The median SOFA score was 11 (8-13). CaAT occurred in 29 patients (61.7%), with thrombosis in the superficial femoral artery accounting for 51.7%. Limb ischemia complications in the group with CaAT was 17.2%. In multivariate analysis, an ECMO flow rate of 100 mL/min was determined to be the independent factor for CaAT with an OR of 0.84 (95% CI, 0.73–0.95, p=0.008). Conclusion: In patients successfully weaned from ECMO, the incidence of CaAT was 61.7%. Our study found that a low-flow rate of ECMO was an independent risk factor for CaAT.
Novel Learning for Control of Nonlinear Spacecraft Dynamics
Authors: Huang Bo-Ruei , Sands Timothy
Published: January 2023

With correct dynamic system parameters (embodied in self-awareness statements), a controller can provide precise signals for tracking desired state trajectories. If dynamic system parameters are initially guessed incorrectly, a learning method may be used to find the correct parameters. In the deterministic artificial intelligence method, self-awareness statements are formed as mathematical expressions of the governing physics. When the nonlinear, coupled expressions are precisely parameterized as the product of known matrix components and unknown victrix (i.e., a regression form) tracking errors may be projected onto the known matrix to update the unknown victrix in an optimal form (in a two-norm sense). In this work, a modified learning method is proposed and proved to have global convergence of both state error and parameter estimation error. The modified learning method is compared with those in the prequels using simulation experiments of three-dimensional rigid body dynamic rotation motion. The modified approach is two magnitudes better than the methods in the prequels in terms of state error convergence.
Artificial Intelligence and Ten Societal Megatrends: A GPT-3 Case Study
Authors: Haluza Daniela , Jungwirth David
Published: January 2023

This paper examines the potential of Artificial Intelligence (AI) to address societal megatrends, with a specific focus on OpenAI’s Generative Pre-Trained Transformer 3 (GPT-3). To do this, we con-ducted an analysis using GPT-3 in order to explore the benefits of AI for digitalization, urbanization, globalization, climate change, automation and mobility, global health issues and aging population. We also looked at emerging markets as well as sustainability in this study. Interaction with GPT-3 was done solely through prompt questions and generated responses were analyzed. Our results indicate that AI can significantly improve our understanding of these trends by providing insights into how they develop over time and what solutions could be implemented. Further research is needed to determine how effective AI will be in addressing them successfully but initial findings are encouraging. Our discussion focuses on the implications of our findings for society going forward and suggests that further investigation should be done into how best to utilize new technologies like GPT-3 when tackling these challenges. Lastly, we conclude that while there is still much work left to do before any tangible effects can be seen from utilizing AI tools such as GPT-3 on societal mega-trends; early indications suggest it may have a positive impact if used correctly.
Wear Development in Oscillating Rolling Element Bearings
Authors: Wandel Sebastian , Bartschat Arne , Glodowski Jakob , Bader Norbert , Poll Gerhard
Published: January 2023

Rotor blade bearings enable the rotor blades to pivot about their longitudinal axis and thus control the power output and reduce the loads acting on the wind turbine. Over a design period of 20 years, rolling bearings are exposed to frequent oscillating movements with amplitude ratios of x/2b>1, especially due to new control concepts such as Individual Pitch Control, which can lead to wear and a reduction in service life. The objective of the paper is to identify the dominant wear mechanisms and their consequences for the operation of oscillating bearings. Oscillating experiments with increasing number of cycles on angular contact ball bearings of two different sizes (type 7208 and 7220), show that the damage initiation starts with adhesive and corrosive wear mechanisms, which result in a sharp increase of the torque as well as the wear volume on the bearing raceway. As the number of cycles increases, an abrasive mechanism occurs, resulting in a lower slope of the wear curve and a smoothing of the resulting wear depressions. The wear and torque curves are evaluated and classified using an energy-wear approach according to Fouvry.
An Evaluation of Avian Influenza Virus Whole Genome Sequencing Approaches Using Nanopore Technology
Authors: Ip Hon S. , Uhm Sarah , Killian Mary Lea , Torchetti Mia K.
Published: January 2023

As exemplified by the global response to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, whole genome sequencing played an important role in monitoring the evolution of novel viral variants and provided guidance on potential antiviral treatments. The recent rapid and extensive introduction and spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus in Europe, North America and elsewhere raises the need for similarly rapid sequencing to aid in appropriate response and mitigation activities. To facilitate this objective, we investigated a next generation sequencing platform that uses a portable nanopore sequencing device to generate and present data in real time. This platform offers the potential to extend in-house sequencing capacities to laboratories that may otherwise lack resources to adopt sequencing technologies requiring large benchtop instruments. We evaluated this platform for routine use in a diagnostic laboratory. In this study we evaluated different primer sets for the whole genome amplification of influenza A virus and evaluated five different library preparation approaches for sequencing on the nanopore platform using the MinION flow-cell. A limited amplification procedure and a rapid procedure were found to be best among the approaches taken.
Pengembangan Modul Pembelajaran Tata Rias Pengantin Barat Di Program Studi Pendidikan Tata Rias
Authors: Regina Apriliyandy Syahla
Published: January 2023

Modul adalah suatu bahan ajar pembelajaran alternatif yang isinya relatif singkat dan spesifik yang disusun untuk mencapai tujuan pembelajaran. Modul dapat dipergunakan untuk pembelajaran mandiri. Dengan modul, peserta didik dapat mengukur sendiri tingkat penguasaan materi yang ada. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pengembangan media modul pembelajaran dalam materi Tata Rias Pengantin Barat di program studi Pendidikan Tata Rias. Modul ini diharapkan menjadi media alternatif materi Tata Rias Pengantin Barat, sehingga dapat dijadikan sumber yang layak diterapkan bagi mahasiswa. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian awal yang termasuk di dalam tahap pendefinisian dalam prosedur penelitian dan pengembangan (R&D) oleh Al-Tabany (2014). Penelitian ini hanya terbatas pada analisis kebutuhan yang bersumber dari skala literatur dan hasil wawancara awal pada mata kuliah Tata Rias Pengantin Barat. Sasaran  penelitian dan pengembangan yang digunakan sebagai objek dalam penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Tata Rias Universitas Negeri Jakarta yang sudah mengambil mata kuliah Tata Rias Pengantin Barat Tahun 2015 dan 2016. Hasil penelitian ini adalah modul sebagai media pembelajaran dibutuhkan digunakan sebagai bahan ajar mandiri dan bisa menarik minat siswa serta pengembangan media modul sebagai bahan ajar yang bervariasi di program studi Pendidikan Tata Rias.
PEMANFAATAN EKSTRAK KENTAL KULIT BATANG SECANG (Caesalpinia sappan L) SEBAGAI ZAT PEWARNA PADA SEDIAAN BLUSH ON COMPACT
Authors: Fitri Zulfa
Published: January 2023

Blush on (Rouge) merupakan serbuk warna yang dipadatkan dan menghasilkan warna yang sangat nyata. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hasil dari sediaan blush on compact dengan 3 formula yang berbeda dan untuk mengethui hasil evaluasi sediaan tersebut. Formula dibedakan pada seberapa banyak kandungan dari pewarna secang tersebut karena untuk mendapatkan formula yang bagus dan sesuai bagi kulit manusia di Indonesia. Metode ekstraksi yang dilakukan untuk mengambil zat warna pada kayu secang dengan menggunakan metode maserasi agar warna yang dihasilkan lebih pekat dan menggunakan etanol 70%. Teknik analisis data yang dipakai pada penelitian ini merupakan data primer yaitu data yang diperoleh dari sediaan pewarna pipi meliputi: uji pH, uji daya lekat, uji homogenitas, uji organoleptik, dan uji poles. Berdasarkan uji organoleptik yang dilakukan selama satu bulan menandakan bahwa tidak adanya perubahan warna dan kestabilan yang baik. Hasil pemeriksaan uji homogenitas dan uji poles bahwa tidak adanya butiran kasar dan warna yang tidak merata.hasil uji pH berkisar antara 6-7 (sesuai dengan pH kulit normal) dan tidak menmbulkan iritasi sehingga aman digunakan pada kulit.

Kata Kunci: Blush on, ekstrak kulit batang secang, teknik analisa data.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS ANIMASI KARAKTER LUKA BAKAR DENGAN TEKNIK 3D MENGGUNAKAN BAHAN LATEKS PADA MATA KULIAH PENATAAN RAMBUT DAN RIAS FANTASI
Authors: Chandra Ardhieya Ayuregita
Published: January 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menghasilkan sebuah media pembelajaran berbasis animasi untuk membantu proses belajar mengajar pada mata kuliah penataan rambut dan rias fantasi di program studi Pendidikan Tata Rias FT UNJ. Penelitian ini dikembangkan menggunakan metode riset dan pengembangan dengan model pengembangan ADDIE. Pada proses pengembangan media pembelajaran peneliti melakukan kelayakan kepada tiga dosen ahli. Pertama yaitu uji kelayakan materi peneliti mendapatkan hasil 91.72% termasuk kedalam kategori “Sangat Valid.” Pada kelayakan media 73.33% termasuk kedalam kategori “Valid.” Pada kelayakan Bahasa 83.33% termasuk kedalam kategori “Sangat Valid.” dan pada uji kepraktisan 84.95% termasuk kedalam kategori “Sangat Praktis.”Kata kunci: media pembelajaran, animasi, karakter luka bakar, teknik 3D
Rohingya Muslims in Indonesia: Interaction, Stigmatization and Religious Response
Authors: Irwanysah Irwansyah , Al Asya'ari Al Asya'ari
Published: January 2023

Studies on immigrant groups in Indonesia have been increasingly carried out by academics since the arrival of refugees from conflict areas to Indonesia as a transit point to a country that is responsive to immigrants. One of the issues of his study is the Rohingya Muslims. As refugees with Islamic religious identities, their existence is interesting to examine from the perspective of religious communities around the refuge. This study was conducted in the Aceh, Medan, and Makassar regions as the places most visited by Rohingya Muslim groups. This research uses a qualitative approach with case studies. This is intended to be able to map how the response of religious communities to the existence of Rohingya Muslims. The main finding is that the existence of Rohingya Muslims in the three regions has different responses given by various people around them. The cultural basis and religious relations are decisive. In Aceh, strong religious relations resulted in a different response for Rohingya Muslims compared to those in Medan and Makassar, whose backgrounds were more diverse. The location of the comparison is that in Aceh the response based on ukhuwah Islamiyah is more dominant, while in Medan and Makassar the humanitarian response and a firm line of state identity are important signs in responding to the existence of Rohingya Muslims. This response interaction results in acculturation as well as stigmatization
Islamic Banking Sustainability in Indonesia
Authors: Malini Helma
Published: January 2023

Corporate governance exists to increase and maintain shareholder value. On this basis, corporate governance is argued to be vital to any company's long-term viability. To determine how transparency and accountability affected the Islamic banking sector's long-term viability. The study was guided by three theories: agency theory, stewardship theory, and stakeholder theory. This study is quantitative. It is used in quantitative research to generate numerical data or data that can be transformed into statistics. Transparency, accountability, justice, and responsibility are all important factors in the study's findings. Transparency and accountability appear to have a significant impact on the banking industry's long-term viability. To achieve sustainability, Islamic banks in Indonesia should strictly enforce transparency in all operations and worker activities.

 