bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Considering Comorbidities and Individual Differences in Testing a Gaming Behavioral Activation App for Perinatal Depression and Anxiety: Open Trial Pilot Intervention Study
Authors: Hamlett Gabriella E , Schrader Chloe , Ferguson Craig , Kobylski Lauren A , Picard Rosalind , Locascio Joseph J , McNally Richard J , Cohen Lee S , Vanderkruik Rachel
Published: November 2024

Background

There is increasing interest in the development of scalable digital mental health interventions for perinatal populations to increase accessibility. Mobile behavioral activation (BA) is efficacious for the treatment of perinatal depression; however, the effect of comorbid anxiety and depression (CAD) on symptom trajectories remains underexplored. This is important given that at least 10% of women in the perinatal period experience CAD.

Objective

We assessed whether there were differences in symptom trajectories in pregnant participants with CAD as compared to those with depression only (ie, major depressive disorder [MDD]) during intervention with a BA mobile gaming app.

Methods

Pregnant adults with either CAD (n=10) or MDD (n=7) used a BA app for 10 weeks and completed biweekly symptom severity questionnaires for depression and anxiety. We assessed whether baseline diagnoses were associated with differential symptom trajectories across the study with mixed effects longitudinal models.

Results

When controlling for baseline symptoms, results revealed a significant interaction between baseline diagnosis and the quadratic component of study week on anxiety (β=.18, SE 0.07; t62=2.61; P=.01), revealing a tendency for anxiety in the CAD group to increase initially and then decrease at an accelerated rate, whereas MDD symptoms were relatively stable across time. There was a significant effect of linear time on depression (β=−.39, SE 0.11; t68=−3.51; P=.001), showing that depression declined steadily across time for both groups. There was a significant effect of baseline diagnosis on depression (β=−8.53, SE 3.93; t13=−2.17; P=.05), suggesting that those with MDD had higher follow-up depression compared to those with CAD when holding other predictors constant.

Conclusions

The app was beneficial in reducing depression symptoms in perinatal individuals with different comorbidity profiles. With respect to anxiety symptom trajectories, however, there was more variability. The app may be especially effective for the treatment of anxiety symptoms among individuals with CAD, as it encourages in-the-moment ecologically relevant exposure to anxiety-provoking stimuli. Despite no significant group difference in baseline anxiety symptoms, the MDD group did not have a significant reduction in their anxiety symptoms across the study period, and some individuals had an increase in anxiety. Findings may point to opportunities for the augmentation of BA gaming apps for those with MDD to more effectively target anxiety symptoms. Overall, findings suggest there may be value in considering comorbidities and individual variations in participants when developing scalable mobile interventions for perinatal populations.
Online Interest in Elf Bar in the United States: Google Health Trends Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Bhagavathula Akshaya Srikanth , Dobbs Page D
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND

Despite the popularity of JUUL e-cigarettes, other brands (eg, Elf Bar) may be gaining digital attention.

OBJECTIVE

This study compared Google searches for Elf Bar and JUUL from 2022 to 2023 using Google Health Trends Application Programming Interface data.

METHODS

Using an infodemiology approach, we examined weekly trends in Google searches (per 10 million) for “Elf Bar” and “JUUL” at the US national and state levels from January 1, 2022, to December 31, 2023. Joinpoint regression was used to assess statistically significant trends in the search probabilities for “Elf Bar” and “JUUL” during the study period.

RESULTS

Elf Bar had less online interest than JUUL at the beginning of 2022. When the US Food and Drug Administration denied JUUL marketing authority on June 23, 2022, JUUL searches peaked at 2609.3 × 107 and fell to 83.9 × 107 on September 3, 2023. Elf Bar searches surpassed JUUL on July 10, 2022, and steadily increased, reaching 523.2 × 107 on December 4, 2022. Overall, Elf Bar’s weekly search probability increased by 1.6% (95% CI 1.5%-1.7%; P=.05) from January 2022 to December 2023, with the greatest increase between May 29 and June 19, 2022 (87.7%, 95% CI 35.9%-123.9%; P=.001). Elf Bar searches increased after JUUL’s suspension in Pennsylvania (1010%), Minnesota (872.5%), Connecticut (803.5%), New York (738.1%), and New Jersey (702.9%).

CONCLUSIONS

Increasing trends in Google searches for Elf Bar indicate that there was a growing online interest in this brand in the United States in 2022.
Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy for Reducing School Anxiety in Adolescents: Pilot Study (Preprint)
Authors: Beele Gesa , Liesong Paula , Bojanowski Sabine , Hildebrand Kristian , Weingart Malte , Asbrand Julia , Correll Christoph U , Morina Nexhmedin , Uhlhaas Peter J
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND

Virtual reality exposure therapy (VRET) is a promising treatment approach for anxiety disorders. However, while its efficacy has been demonstrated in adults, research on the efficacy of VRET in the treatment of adolescents with anxiety disorders is largely lacking.

OBJECTIVE

A pilot study was carried out to test whether exposure to a virtual reality (VR) school environment elicits state anxiety and autonomic arousal in adolescents with school anxiety (diagnoses covering social anxiety disorder or specific phobia involving school contexts). In addition, we examined whether repeated VR exposure led to a reduction in this fear response, trait school anxiety, and social anxiety symptoms. Moreover, the relationship of presence, the subjective sense of “being there,” during VR exposure with anxiety measures and treatment response was examined.

METHODS

In a pilot study, 10 adolescents with school anxiety (age range 14 to 17 years) participated in five VRET sessions. Self-reported state anxiety, heart rate, and presence during exposure, as well as trait school anxiety and social anxiety before and after treatment, were measured.

RESULTS

The VR scenario induced state anxiety and autonomic arousal. After VRET, a significant reduction in state anxiety (η2=0.74) and social anxiety symptoms (d=0.82) as well as a trend toward a decrease in trait school anxiety were observed, while autonomic arousal did not change. In addition, presence during VR exposure was associated with state anxiety and treatment response.

CONCLUSIONS

Our findings indicate the feasibility and potential effectiveness of VRET as a treatment method for symptoms of school and social anxiety in adolescents.

CLINICALTRIAL
Exploring the Feasibility and Acceptability of Technological Interventions to Prevent Adolescents’ Exposure to Online Pornography: Qualitative Research (Preprint)
Authors: Turvey Jake , McKay Dana , Kaur Sarah T , Castree Natasha , Chang Shanton , Lim Megan S C
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND

Amid growing concern over children’s access to online pornography, policy makers are looking toward new and emerging technological concepts for unexplored solutions including artificial intelligence and facial recognition.

OBJECTIVE

This study sought to explore and ideate emerging technological interventions that are feasible, acceptable, and effective in preventing and controlling the exposure of young people to online pornographic material.

METHODS

We conducted a series of qualitative co-design workshops with both adult (n=8; aged 32-53 years) and adolescent participants (n=4; aged 15-17 years) to ideate potential technological interventions that are feasible, acceptable, and effective at preventing and controlling the exposure of young people to online pornographic material. A story stem methodology was used to explore participants’ attitudes toward two unique technological prototypes.

RESULTS

Participants expressed a generally favorable view of the proposed technological concepts but remained unconvinced of their overall utility and effectiveness in preventing the intentional viewing of pornography by young people. Age-appropriate parent-child conversations remained participants’ preferred approach to mitigating potential harms from pornographic material, with parents also expressing a desire for more educational resources to help them better navigate these discussions. User privacy and data security were a primary concern for participants, particularly surrounding the use and collection of biometric data.

CONCLUSIONS

Internationally, policy makers are taking action to use age assurance technologies to prevent children’s access to online pornography. It is important to consider the needs and opinions of parents and young people in the use and implementation of these technologies. Participants in this study were generally supportive of new and emerging technologies as useful tools in preventing the accidental exposure of young people to online pornographic material. However, participants remained less convinced of their ability to avert intentional viewing, with substantial concerns regarding technological efficacy, adaptability, and user privacy. Further, co-design and prototype refinement are needed to better understand user acceptability and comfortability of these new technological interventions, alongside additional research exploring sociocultural differences in information needs and user experiences.
Patient preferences for using remote care technology in heart failure: A discrete choice experiment (Preprint)
Authors: Al-Naher Ahmed , Downing Jennifer , Hughes Dyfrig , Pirmohamed Munir
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND

Remote care technology can bridge the gap between healthcare and community settings, provide more continuous and frequent monitoring of the disease process, and aid in self-care. A common barrier however is the lack of patient engagement with remote care technologies.

OBJECTIVE

This discrete choice experiment elicits the preferences of heart failure patients with regard to remote care technologies, and in turn, creates a hierarchy of factors that can affect engagement.

METHODS

A discrete choice experiment survey was designed with input from a patient group. The experimental attributes were based on five central themes (each of which had positive and negative levels): communication, clinical care, education, ease of use, and convenience. The survey allowed participants to trade attributes according to their preferences.
The survey was distributed to 93 participants with heart failure. The results were analysed using binary logit to obtain preference weights for each attribute.

RESULTS

The binary logit created coefficients for each attribute, all of which were significant (p<0.01), and which equated to the relative preference of the associated themes: clinical care (2.022), education (1.252), convenience (1.245), ease of use (1.155) and communication (1.040). The most preferred factor, clinical care, had enough value to be traded for approximately any two other factors. Communication was the least preferred attribute.

CONCLUSIONS

Technology designers can use the associated preference weights to determine the relative increase of value perceived by patients by adding in certain attributes, and thus increase engagement from patients most likely to benefit from remote care.
Understanding the Functional Needs of Chinese Cardiovascular Patients for Nursing Robots: A Kano Model Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Wu XiuLi , Kang Aimei , Ye Qin
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND

With the intensification of population aging and the increase in chronic diseases, the number of CVD patients in China is rapidly growing. Nursing robots have been recognized as an effective method to alleviate the workload on nurses. However, in China, the true demand of CVD patients for nursing robots remains unclear.

OBJECTIVE

Based on the Kano model, this study analyses cardiovascular disease patients' attitudes and demand priority levels towards functional areas of nursing robots. On this basis, it provides suggestions for optimizing the functions of Chinese nursing robots and promotes the broader adoption of nursing robots in China.

METHODS

A self-designed questionnaire was used to survey 156 cardiovascular disease patients at Wuhan Asia Heart Hospital from July 2023 to June 2024, using the convenience sampling method—the survey aimed to gather information about the patient's understanding of nursing robots and their functional requirements.

RESULTS

Among the 15 functional attributes surveyed, the Kano model classified ‘Accompany care’, ‘Consulting education’, ‘Information management’, and ‘Monitoring and warning’ as must-be attributes; ‘Activity management’, ‘Rehabilitation physiotherapy’, ‘Drug management’, ‘Security management’, and ‘Logistics transfer’ were classified as one-dimensional attributes; ‘Infection management’, ‘First aid skills’, and ‘Nutritional care’ were classified as attractive attributes; the remaining three items, ‘Sampling operation’, ‘Personal hygiene management’, and ‘Excretory care’, were indifferent demands.

CONCLUSIONS

Our study reveals that patients with cardiovascular disease generally have a positive attitude towards nursing robots. However, their demand for the functions of nursing robots varies. Research shows they prefer delegating tasks that enhance self-management skills to nursing robots. In the future, medical institutions are expected to introduce nursing robots based on users' functional requirements.

CLINICALTRIAL

This study is a nonrandomized controlled trial and does not require trial registration.
Modifikasi Pertumbuhan Bunga Matahari (Helianthus annuus L.) sebagai Tanaman Hias Pot dengan Aplikasi Paklobutrazol
Authors: Trisnaningtyas Carenina , Indradewa Didik , Purwantoro Aziz
Published: November 2024

Paklobutrazol merupakan zat pengatur tumbuh yang berfungsi menghambat pertumbuhan vegetatif tanaman dan banyak digunakan untuk mengurangi tinggi tanaman khususnya pada tanaman hias pot. Tanaman hias pot memerlukan keragaan batang yang pendek sehingga penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh aplikasi paklobutrazol terhadap pertumbuhan dan kualitas tanaman bunga matahari serta menentukan aplikasi paklobutrazol terbaik dalam menjadikan tanaman bunga matahari sebagai tanaman hias pot. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan November 2021 – April 2022 di Kebun Kursus Pertanian Taman Tani, Kota Salatiga. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Faktorial 3 x 3 + 1 yang diatur dalam Rancangan Acak Kelompok Lengkap dengan tiga blok sebagai ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah konsentrasi paklobutrazol dengan 3 aras yaitu 100 ppm, 200 ppm, dan 300 ppm. Faktor kedua adalah frekuensi aplikasi paklobutrazol dengan 3 aras yaitu 4 kali (selang aplikasi 14 hari sekali), 5 kali (selang aplikasi 10 hari sekali) dan 6 kali (selang aplikasi 7 hari sekali). Aplikasi paklobutrazol dilakukan dengan cara penyiraman langsung pada media tanam selama fase vegetatif tanaman yaitu 2 – 8 mst. Data yang diperoleh diuji menggunakan analisis varian faktorial dan kontras orthogonal. Apabila hasil berbeda nyata dilakukan uji lanjut dengan uji HSD-Tukey α5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi paklobutrazol menghambat pertumbuhan vegetatif dan proses pembungaan tanaman yang menghasilkan tanaman bunga matahari pot dengan keragaan tanaman pendek, berbunga tunggal, berukuran sedang, berwarna kuning cerah kontras dengan daun yang berwarna hijau gelap yang berukuran kecil dan tersusun rapat. Aplikasi paklobutrazol konsentrasi 300 ppm dengan frekuensi 4 kali (selang aplikasi 14 hari sekali) mampu menjadikan bunga matahari sebagai tanaman pot dengan tinggi dan diameter bunga terbaik sesuai kriteria tanaman pot varietas acuan.
Deteriorasi Benih pada 25 Sumber Tetua Padi Tahan Tungro
Authors: Firmansyah Firmansyah , Ismayanti Rini , Ibrahim Elisurya , Muis Asmary , Komalasari Ema
Published: November 2024

Ketersediaan sumber benih sebagai tetua bahan persilangan padi tahan tungro perlu diperhatikan sebagai salah satu aspek dalam merakit varietas tahan tungro. Kondisi ruang penyimpanan yang tidak tepat dapat menyebabkan terjadinya deteriorasi selama masa penyimpanan benih. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat kemampuan simpan benih 25 varietas padi sumber tetua persilangan selama masa penyimpanan satu tahun. Penelitian ini disusun menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap diulang empat kali, Apabila berbeda nyata dilakukan Uji DMRT dan dilakukan pengelompokan menggunakan PCA Biplot. Pengukuran sampel mengikuti standar ISTA. Hasil menunjukkan sebanyak 16 varietas mengalami deteriorasi namun varietas Cigeulis, Towuti, Situpatenggang dan Inpari 40 memiliki potensi tumbuh maksimal terbaik dengan kadar air dibawah 13 % sesuai dengan standar ISTA selama masa penyimpanan satu tahun. Kelompok varietas dengan potensi tumbuh terbaik yaitu Varietas Cigeulis, Towoti, Situ Patenggang, Inpari 40, Tukad Petanu, Ciherang, Tukad Balian, Bondoyudo dan Mekongga. Adapun Varietas Cibogo, Mekongga dan Inpara 7 berkelompok memiliki Bobot 1000 biji yang tinggi. Potensi tumbuh maksimum sangat nyata dan berkorelasi positif dengan Bobot 1000 biji, namun menunjukkan kecenderungan pola hubungan yang negatif pada kadar air benih. Kadar air dan bobot 1000 biji memiliki korelasi lemah dengan pola hubungan negatif.
Pengaruh Pemberian Biochar Sekam Padi - Kotoran Ayam untuk Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Tomat di Lahan Gambut
Authors: Indrawati Urai Yulies , Al-Haddad Abdul Mujib
Published: November 2024

Budidaya tanaman tomat pada tanah gambut memiliki beberapa kendala, terutama karena tingkat kesuburan tanah gambut yang kurang baik, seperti rendahnya pH tanah (<4), rendahnya N,P,K, kapasitas pertukaran kation  tinggi namun kejenuhan basa yang rendah akibat tingginya asam-asam organik. Untuk mengatasi kendala tersebut, tanah gambut perlu amelioran yang mudah didapat dan murah harganya, selain pemberian pupuk N, P dan K, yaitu dengan pemberian biochar sekam padi dan biochar kotoran ayam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian kombinasi biochar sekam padi dan biochar kotoran ayam terhadap ketersedian hara N, P, K, pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman tomat di tanah gambut. Desain penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari dosis kombinasi biochar sekam padi kotoran ayam B0 = Tanpa perlakuan biochar, tetapi tetap diberikan NPK, B1= 15 t ha-1, B2 = 30 t ha-1, B3 = 45 t ha-1 dan B4 = 60t.ha-1. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian biochar sekam padi dan biochar kotoran ayam berpengaruh nyata terhadap semua parameter. Perlakuan biochar sekam padi-kotoran ayam pada perlakuan B4 (1.660 g) meningkatkan produksi tomat mencapai 331%, Serapan N 482 %, Serapan P 141 %, Serapan K 128 % dibanding kontrol.
Keragaman Mangga (Mangifera indica L.) di Jawa Timur Berdasarkan Karakter Morfologi: Studi Kasus di Kabupaten Jember
Authors: Sari Vega Kartika , Sa'diyah Halimatus , Rusdiana Riza Yuli , Hariyono Kacung , Hartatik Sri
Published: November 2024

Di Indonesia, mangga terdistribusi luas dan memiliki keragaman bentuk, ukuran, rasa dan bentuk daun. Jawa Timur termasuk sentra produksi mangga dengan produksi mencapai 41% dari produksi nasional. Beragam jenis mangga dapat tumbuh baik di Kabupaten Jember. Mangga lokal yang ada perlu dikarakterisasi terutama yang memiliki keunggulan untuk dapat dikembangkan sebagai buah unggulan daerah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkarakterisasi morfologi berbagai jenis mangga dari delapan kecamatan di Kabupaten Jember. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara purposive sampling. Data pengamatan dianalisis deskriptif, korelasi, biplot, dan klaster. Hasil eksplorasi diperoleh 12 jenis mangga terdiri atas mangga lokal seperti apel hijau, apel merah, padi, cantel, mahatir, telur, madura selain gadung, manalagi, arum manis, golek, dan kweni. Hasil analisis menunjukkan koefisien variasi yang tinggi pada karakter panjang tangkai daun dan panjang tangkai bunga. Dua karakter tersebut juga berkorelasi sangat signifikan dan positif, demikian pula karakter panjang dan lebar buah terhadap bobot buah. Panjang helai daun dapat digunakan dalam menentukan karakter penciri morfologi daun mangga.  Jenis mangga Cantel memiliki keunikan dengan tingkat ketidakmiripan 43,5% dibandingkan 11 jenis mangga lainnya. Pengelompokan jenis mangga yang terbentuk berdasarkan kemiripan/ketidakmiripan karakter morfologi meskipun berasal dari lokasi yang berbeda
Impact of U.S. Trade and Economic Policies on Sino-American Bilateral Relations
Authors: Zhang Luxi
Published: November 2024

Since the Trump administration initiated the U.S.-China trade war in 2018, it has pushed the U.S. to adopt stronger economic and trade policy instruments against China through tariff policies, exacerbating the trend of economic decoupling between China and the U.S. and seriously affecting the normal operation of the global supply chain; the Biden administration continued some of the tariff measures against China, and was affected by the political contributions to 5G communication high-tech enterprises, semiconductors and other industries during the Biden period, and joined forces with European The Biden administration has continued some of the tariff measures against China, influenced by political contributions to 5G communications, semiconductors, and other industries during the Biden years, and has joined with European allies to push for the blockade of China's high-tech fields, and has imposed a technological embargo on China, mainly in the semiconductor and new energy fields. Within the framework of realism, the article focuses on the number of U.S. lists of Chinese entities and the sanctions and tariff increases imposed on Chinese companies, which have further led to the deterioration of bilateral relations between the U.S. and China.
SOUND ABSORPTION COEFFICIENT MEASUREMENT METHODS IN REVERBERATION ROOM AND IMPEDANCE TUBE
Authors: Mihajlov Darko , Praščević Momir , Jovanović Petar , Iankov Roumen , Abed Nodira
Published: November 2024

Sound absorption materials are very often used for space design in order to reduce the noise level and adjust the acoustic characteristics of the space depending on its purpose. Therefore, knowledge of the acoustic quantities that characterize sound absorption materials is of crucial importance. The most commonly used acoustic quantity is the sound absorption coefficient, which can be determined using standardized methods and methods used only for research purposes. This paper will provide an overview of the most commonly used standardized methods for determining the sound absorption coefficient: the reverberation room method and the impedance tube method. Since the impedance tube method, which provides the normal incidence sound absorption coefficient, is more suitable when developing new absorption materials, and in practical applications, it is desirable to know the random incidence sound absorption coefficient, this paper discusses approaches for predicting the random incidence sound absorption coefficient based on the acoustic parameters of the sound absorption materials measured in an impedance tube.
OVERVIEW OF COMMON METHODS FOR FIRE TESTING
Authors: Protić Milan , Mišić Nikola , Raos Miomir , Mančić Milena , Popović Marjan
Published: November 2024

Fire testing is critical for assessing the behavior of building materials under fire conditions, providing indispensable insights into important variables such as flammability, heat release rate, and smoke production. This paper provides an overview of common fire testing methods, including the procedures for test selection, sample preparation, data collection, and analysis. These fire testing methods are outlined in standards issued by world-respected standardization bodies such as ISO, EN, ASTM, and UL. These standards guarantee and ensure the consistency and reliability of prescribed methods. Moreover, this paper presents a detailed description of a custom-made installation hosted at the Fire Protection Laboratory at the Faculty of Occupational Safety, University of Niš, used for evaluating the flammability parameters of a broad spectrum of materials. This hyphenated installation, comprising a mass loss calorimeter and an FTIR gas analyzer, can be used for comprehensive and simultaneous real-time measurement of flammability parameters and fire effluent analysis.
Evaluating Effect of Climate Smart Agricultural Practices Adoption on Productivity of Drought-Tolerant Pulses: Insights from Dryland Areas of Makueni County, Kenya
Authors: Meti Kioko Timothy , Ndirangu Samuel , Nyarindo Wilckyster
Published: November 2024

Increased productivity of drought-tolerant pulses could potentially reduce household food insecurity, particularly in developing countries. This paper examines the effect of socioeconomic and institutional factors and the adoption of climate smart agriculture (CSA) practices on productivity of green gram, pigeon pea and cowpea in Makueni County, Kenya. We consider six common CSA practices namely: benches, soil conservation practices, minimum tillage, agroforestry, irrigation practices, and crop diversification. Using data from 384 randomly selected farmers, we use Sseemingly Unrelated Regression (SUREG) model to estimate factors influencing productivity of drought-tolerant pulses. The results showed that soil conservation practices were the most adopted (72%), while irrigation practices were the least adopted (9.6%). Among the CSA practices, crop diversification and benches were key to significantly affect the productivity of the three pulses, while agroforestry did not affect productivity of any of the selected pulses. Farming experience, number of extension contacts, and years of schooling were key socioeconomic and institutional factors that significantly affected the productivity of drought-tolerant pulses considered. Results showed that the impact of CSA practices on productivity differed among the pulses, since the soil conservation practices affected the productivity of both green gram and pigeon pea, while other practices including minimum tillage soil and irrigation practices affected the productivity of cowpea and green gram, respectively. Consequently, policies should consider promoting the adoption CSA practices among smallholder famers in Sub-Saharan Africa to improve farm level crop productivity and ensure household food security. Furthermore, Sub-Saharan Africa governments and agricultural sector policy makers should promote sustainable financial incentives such as establishment of farmer-friendly credit financing schemes to enhance CSA adoption and in-turn boost smallholder farmers farm net returns.
TAXONOMÍA A LA PALEOECOLOGÍA EVOLUTIVA, EL CASO DE LOS BIVALVOS CRETÁCICOS DE LA FORMACIÓN SAN JUAN RAYA, PUEBLA, MÉXICO
Authors: Quiróz-Barroso Sara A.
Published: November 2024

La diversidad de bivalvos de la Formación San Juan Raya fue reconocida desde los primeros trabajos realizados en el área Zapotitlán-San Juan Raya a finales del siglo XIX. Sin embargo es hasta mediados del siglo XX, a partir del estudio taxonómico de las especies de bivalvos efectuado por la Doctora Gloria Alencáster, en que esta diversidad queda documentada. El análisis reciente de la autoecología de las especies reconocidas por la Doctora Gloria Alencáster y de otras especies estudiadas en los últimos años, permite confirmar que durante el Cretácico Temprano se desarrolló en esta parte del territorio de México una extensa plataforma cubierta por las aguas del mar de Tethys en donde existieron, entre otros bivalvos, rudistas y ostras abundantes que conformaron bancos o estructuras arrecifales, mitílidos perforadores de conchas y coral, foládidos perforadores de madera, trigónidos excavadores semi-infaunales no sifonados, así como especies de los órdenes Veneroida y Pholadomyoida que llegaron a excavar a profundidades mayores con respecto a la interfase agua-sedimento. Al comparar la estructura de sus comunidades con otras más antiguas del registro geológico de nuestro país, su riqueza específica y diversidad ecológica, así como su distribución en el cubo de ecoespacio, los bivalvos de la Formación San Juan Raya constituyen un claro ejemplo de la evolución de los ecosistemas, los cuales se vuelven más complejos a través del tiempo a medida que se incrementa la explotación de nichos o hábitats por diversos taxa y con ello la diversidad taxonómica y el uso del ecoespacio.
FLORES PRESERVADAS EN ÁMBAR DEL MIOCENO DE SIMOJOVEL DE ALLENDE, CHIAPAS, MÉXICO
Authors: Hernández-Damián Ana Lilia , Calvillo-Canadell Laura , Cevallos-Ferriz Sergio R. S.
Published: November 2024

Simojovel de Allende, Chiapas, México, constituye uno de los depósitos de ámbar más importantes del mundo ya que en éste se han preservado de forma excepcional evidencias biológicas de plantas y animales. Dentro del registro paleobotánico de la zona se han reportado miembros de la familia Anacardiaceae, Leguminosae, Meliaceae y Arecaceae con base en flores, las cuales constituyen un caso especial, ya que se trata de estructuras delicadas y efímeras, difíciles de preservar en el registro fósil. En este trabajo se describe la morfología de dos flores preservadas en ámbar de Chiapas, atribuyéndoles posibles a finidades taxonómicas. La primera corresponde con una flor pequeña, bisexual, hipoginia, pedicelada, pentámera, con el perianto diferenciado. Éstos caracteres permiten compararla con las familias Ericaceae, Malvaceae, Sapindaceae y Rutaceae sin embargo, tiene mayor parecido morfológico con Sapindaceae debido a la presencia de 5 estambres con filamentos pubescentes. Así mismo, una flor inconspicua, unisexual, con el perianto diferenciado, 2 sépalos ovados y 3 pétalos unguiculados es comparada con Commelinaceae, Alismataceae, Menispermaceae, y Polygonaceae teniendo mayor semejanza con Polygonaceae por tener 5 estambres con pubescencia al centro. La posible presencia de Sapindaceae y Polygonaceae en el pasado del sur de México, apoya la idea de la presencia de una selva en el pasado de Simojovel de Allende, sin embargo, es necesario continuar comparando a los fósiles con las flores de plantas actuales para confirmar su identificación taxonómica en forma tal de que la determinación taxonómica esté a la altura de los registros taxonómicos de la zona, permitiendo entender de manera más clara el paleoambiente de la zona así como los elementos florísticos que componían la vegetación hace 20 m. a.
DISTRIBUCIÓN Y AMBIENTES DE LAS GIMNOSPERMAS FÓSILES DEL TERRENO MIXTECO
Authors: Velasco de León María Patricia , Ortiz-Martínez Erika , Silva-Pineda Alicia , Lozano-Carmona Diego Enrique
Published: November 2024

En el Terreno Mixteco donde afloran las Formaciones Conglomerado Cualac y Rosario del Jurásico Inferior y Otlaltepec, Tecomazuchil y Zorrillo-Taberna indiferenciada del Jurásico Medio, se realizó un muestreo uniforme, en 11 localidades. Con base en análisis estratigráficos, paleontológicos y de ambientes se obtuvieron los siguientes resultados. Se incrementaron los listados florísticos a 60 especies de gimnospermas, la mayor riqueza se registra en las Formaciones Tecomazuchil (34 especies) y Zorrillo-Taberna indiferenciada (36 especies). Para la Formación Tecomazuchil el área foliar de las especies de gimnospermas colectadas fue diferente para cada localidad, mientras que para la Formación Zorrillo-Taberna indiferenciada el tamaño Microfila I (MI) fue el mejor representado, con el 72%; para las Formaciones Conglomerado Cualac y Otlaltepec se reportan 24 nuevos registros y también varían los porcentajes de área foliar obtenidos para cada localidad. Por último, para la Formación Rosario se incrementó el registro a 12 especies. Se aumentaron los listados de géneros para el Jurásico Inferior y Medio, con la presencia de Brachyphyllum Brongiart, Elatocladus (?) Halle y Podozamites Braun. Además se reporta por primera vez la presencia de ginkgoales para el Jurásico de México que confirma la existencia de una topografía más elevada en las Formaciones Conglomerado Cualac y Zorrillo-Taberna indiferenciada con estaciones o temporadas templadas. Las Formaciones Rosario, Conglomerado Cualac y Zorrillo-Taberna indiferenciada presentan especies con alcances estratigráficos amplios, que pudieron adaptarse y sobrevivir en los ambientes de abanicos aluviales, lacustres, palustres y fluviales que caracterizaron a estas formaciones geológicas de la zona de estudio. El modelo que aporta más información sobre las condiciones ambientales que imperaron en el Terreno Mixteco durante el Jurásico se basa en el carácter cuantitativo del área foliar.
Cambrian oncolites from San José de Gracia, Sonora, Mexico
Authors: Beraldi-Campesi Hugo , Cuen-Romero Francisco , Buitrón-Sánchez Blanca E.
Published: November 2024

Recently discovered oncolites from a Lower Cambrian locality in San José de Gracia (SJG), Sonora (Mexico), illustrate the wide geographic distribution that they had in this part of Laurentia some 515–510 Ma ago. They are exceptionally large (~44 mm) in comparison to other marine forms of the North American Cambrian Carbonate Bank, but similar in their overall morphology and depositional environment. Their association with abundant biomorphs, especially indigenous filamentous structures with the curvature and spatial arrangement that fit the minimum criteria for biogenicity, supports their biological origin. Key morphological features include laminated growth in at least a portion of the oncolite, subspherical shape with internal porosity, and a nucleated habit on skeletal debris (mollusk shells) and mud concretions. The similarity of SJG oncolites with others from Cambrian outcrops separated today by hundreds of kilometers, suggests that massive microbially-driven, shallow marine ecosystems existed in western Laurentia during this time. This speaks of the impact that microbes had in shaping marine sediments, and the global primary productivity and carbon cycle during early stages of the Phanerozoic.
Paleozoico inferior de Sonora, México: 120 años de investigación paleontológica
Authors: Cuen-Romero Francisco Javier , Reyes-Montoya Dulce Raquel , Noriega-Ruiz Héctor Arturo
Published: November 2024

Los estudios del Paleozoico inferior de México se inician en 1900 por Edwin Theodore Dumble (1852–1927), quien identificó estratos del Ordovícico por primera vez en Sonora. Actualmente, transcurridos ~120 años de estos primeros estudios en el país, se cuenta con una amplia bibliografía sobre estratigrafía y paleontología. En el presente trabajo se elabora una recapitulación de los principales trabajos del Cámbrico, Ordovícico y Silúrico de Sonora. El Cámbrico se encuentra distribuido de manera uniforme en la parte central y norte del estado. El Ordovícico se localiza en un cinturón principalmente hacia la parte central y sur del estado, y el Silúrico aflora en dos localidades de manera aislada. La biota del Paleozoico inferior de México está constituida por cianobacterias, poríferos, arqueociatos, braquiópodos, moluscos, artrópodos y equinodermos como formas predominantes.
Euagnostus interstrictus (White, 1874) (Trilobita: Agnostida) del Cámbrico medio (Miaolingiano-Wuliuano) del cerro El Sahuaral, Sonora central, México
Authors: Cuen-Romero Francisco Javier , Noriega-Ruiz Héctor A. , Buitrón-Sánchez Blanca E.
Published: November 2024

Se describe por primera vez para México el trilobite agnóstido Euagnostus interstrictus (White), recolectado en capas del Cámbrico de la Formación El Gavilán (Miaolingiano, Wuliuano) que se localiza en el cerro El Sahuaral, parte central del estado de Sonora. En la localidad aflora una secuencia sedimentaria del Paleozoico inferior representada por las formaciones Proveedora, Buelna, Cerro Prieto y El Gavilán, con una litología predominante de cuarzoarenita, caliza y lutita. Esta secuencia está caracterizada por una abundante y diversa biota fósil, la cual consiste en icnofósiles, algas oncolíticas, esponjas, hiolítidos, braquiópodos y trilobites. Las rocas cámbricas del área de Sonora central se depositaron como parte de una potente secuencia de sedimentos del margen occidental del cratón de Laurentia en un ambiente de plataforma exterior. Se confirma la distribución cosmopolita de Euagnostus interstrictus, ya que se encuentra ampliamente distribuida en localidades como el norte de Australia (Territorio del Norte y Queensland), Europa (Dinamarca), Estados Unidos de América (Utah y Nevada) y México (Sonora).
profesor Eliseo Palacios Aguilera y su contribución a la paleontología mexicana
Authors: Carbot-Chanona Gerardo , Coutiño José Marco Antonio , Avendaño-Gil Manuel Javier
Published: November 2024

Eliseo Palacios Aguilera (1896–1944), fue un profesor normalista con un enorme interés por el estudio de la  flora, fauna y fósiles del estado de Chiapas, México. Fue el director fundador del primer museo de historia natural y del primer zoológico en Chiapas en el año de 1942, semilla de lo que actualmente es la Secretaría de Medio Ambiente e Historia Natural. Entre sus principales contribuciones se cuentan los primeros estudios formales con restos de megafauna pleistocénica provenientes de los municipios de Villaflores y Villa Corzo, además de colaborar en 1943 y 1944 con el geólogo Dr. Federico K. Müllerried en la recolecta y estudio de los fósiles de bivalvos rudistas de la región central de Chiapas. A pesar de tan amplia labor en el estudio de la Historia Natural de Chiapas, el Prof. Eliseo Palacios ha sido poco reconocido por sus logros, ya que poca gente conoce su trayectoria personal, académica y profesional.
New remains of Notoemys tlaxiacoensis from the Llano Yosobé, Sabinal Formation (Upper Jurassic, Kimmeridgian), Oaxaca, Mexico
Authors: López Conde Oliver A. , Alvarado Ortega Jesús
Published: November 2024

Platychelyidae includes two genera Platychelys and Notoemys and their fossil record spans from the Upper Jurassic to the Lower Cretaceous. The only platychelyid described from Mexico is Notoemys tlaxiacoensis (Upper Jurassic, Kimmeridgian). A morphological study was carried out with a new shell fragment, collected in Llano Yosobé, Oaxaca, Mexico. The aim of this study is to present the anatomical similarities observed in the plates and scutes in this new material. Our observations suggest this new specimen represents the remains of Notoemys tlaxiacoensis based on the similar characteristics observed in the shape and contacts of the coastal plates and the vertebrals and pleurals scutes. The isolated shell fragment does not present any set of characters unique that indicates sexual or ontogenetic variability.
Oligocene Dawn Baleen Whales in Mexico (Cetacea, Eomysticetidae) and Palaeobiogeographic Notes
Authors: Hernández Cisneros Atzcalli Ehécatl , Nava Sánchez Enrique Hiparco
Published: November 2024

Los eomisticetidos son un taxón basal extinto de las ballenas barbadas (Mysticeti: Chaeomysticeti -“ballenas verdaderas”), los cuales aparecieron durante el Oligoceno y reflejan una etapa de transición entre el origen de las barbas y la pérdida de dientes, rasgo que caracteriza a las ballenas actuales. Los eomisticetidos son considerados un linaje diverso y ampliamente distribuido con un rico registro en la región de Australasia (Australia y Nueva Zelanda). Varios aspectos de su paleobiología como el crecimiento ontogenético y ecología alimenticia han sido discutidos; sin embargo, elementos relacionados con su biogeografía e inherente especiación (origen y extinción) sólo han sido brevemente revisados. En este contexto, el presente estudio aborda aspectos biogeográficos a partir de un nuevo fósil del Pacifico Norte oriental perteneciente a los registros de la Formación El Cien de Baja California Sur, México. Nuestra descripción y análisis filogenético clasifica a este nuevo ejemplar de eomisticetido dentro del género Eomysticetus (cf. Eomysticetus sp.). Asimismo, identificamos la relación biogeográfica entre el Pacífico Norte (este) y el Atlántico Norte (oeste), lo que indica un posible intercambio de sus faunas de cetáceos durante el Oligoceno. Además, la presencia del arco terrestre de Gaarlandia durante el Oligoceno indica eventos de vicarianza, que probablemente condujeron a la especiación alopátrica dentro de Eomysticetidae en el Hemisferio Norte. Por último, el registro fósil de cetáceos de edad Oligoceno presente en Baja California Sur, único en México, podría aclarar varios aspectos acerca de la paleobiología de los eomisticetidos considerando los varios especímenes sin nominar en las colecciones locales.
review of Beudanticeras Hitzel, 1902 (Cretaceous Ammonitida), and its occurrence in the Cottonwood District of Northern California
Authors: Latil Jean-Louis , Murphy Michael A. , Rodda Peter U.
Published: November 2024

Beudanticeras Hitzel is a distinctive but relatively rare Upper Albian (Cretaceous) ammonite that has been reported from the southeast France and the Cottonwood District of northern California coastal ranges. In both iterations of the Treatise (Wright, 1957 and 1996), it has been placed in the Desmoceratidae even though the type species has none of its characteristics. We classify it as the sole genus in the Family Beudanticeratidae Breistroffer, 1953 (nomen translatum herein, ex Beudanticeratinae Breistroffer, 1953) which is characterized by its discoidal shape, narrow umbilicus with an angulate shoulder, sickle-shaped ornamentation, and strongly asymmetrically bifid L. Most discoidal ammonites identified as “Beudanticeras” have features characteristic of the Desmoceratidae, such as, constrictions and trifid L, and are classified in Roberticeras, new genus. Beudanticeras and Cleoniceras are similar with respect to shell shape and strongly asymmetrically bifid suture but significantly different with respect to ornament, and shell shape. Four species are assigned to Beudanticeras: B. beudanti (Brongniart, 1822) and B. sphaerotum (Seeley, 1866) from Europe, B. haydeni (Gabb, 1864) from California, and B. sutherlandbrowni (McLearn, 1972) from British Columbia. B. haydeni (Gabb, 1864), based on a specimen from the Cottonwood district, occurs only in uppermost Albian strata, and can be distinguished from the similar B. beudanti by differences of degree in the umbilicus and ornament.
Insects: Alternative Protein Source for Human Diet
Authors: Karmakar Rimpa
Published: November 2024

With a growing global population, substitute protein sources, in addition to traditional animal and plant-based proteins, will be required to meet global dietary protein requirements and assure world food safety. Insects have been suggested as a substitute protein dense food source that could be produced on a more economically viable and environmentally friendly commercial scale. Edible insects as a substitute for protein for human food and animal feed are appealing due to their low greenhouse gas emissions, high feed conversion efficiency, low land use, and ability to convert low value organic byproducts into high value protein products. Edible insects must be processed and transformed into delectable dishes. Food safety can be compromised by insect toxicity, pathogen contamination, spoilage during storage, and allergies. Consumer attitudes are a major issue in the Western world, and several strategies to encourage insect consumption have been proposed. Insects present a potential sustainable food source for humans due to their high nutritive value and ubiquitous presence. Insects can provide a reliable and sustainable source of high-quality animal protein once suitable species are identified and appropriate breeding methods are developed
Real Time Traffic Management System Using Machine Learning
Authors: Ghodke Yogesh
Published: November 2024

The increasing quantity of automobiles on the road presents difficulties for conventional traffic control strategies. With heavy traffic levels, these traditional methods find it difficult to handle. They only work well in light traffic situations; when there is a large difference in traffic volume on one side of the road or when vehicle density increases on one side, they are unable to adjust. Therefore, by adding dynamic signal switching capabilities, we want to modernise the static signal system. The updated system will continuously check and modify the timing of the signals in real time. In this project, we want to use real-time image detection to precisely measure traffic density and figure out the best times to switch signals, especially when traffic is heavy. Putting this strategy into practice should effectively reduce traffic jams and accelerate traffic flow.
The Impact of Advertising Junk Food on Youth Eating Habits and Mental Health
Authors: Jain Dr. Ritu
Published: November 2024

The current study focuses on the effects of fast food on the health of college students. Junk food, defined as food that is quick and easy to make, is generally high in calories but low in vital nutrients. College students are increasingly consuming these meals due to growing urbanization, globalization, pervasive commercial promotions, and the availability of multiple junk food establishments. Recent studies have shown that fast food contributes to metabolic problems such as obesity, diabetes, and heart disease. The primary goal of this study is to determine the impact of junk food consumption on students' health and wellbeing. The study also tries to discover characteristics that contribute to the efficacy of junk food marketing and its broad availability. Secondary data were obtained from a variety of sources, including books, newspapers, periodicals, seminars, conversations, articles, journals, and websites. The study's findings show a substantial association between BMI, junk food frequency, and physical activity and awareness. As a result, it is critical to establish nutrition education programs in colleges and schools to prevent the younger generation from developing a junk food addiction. This preventative intervention is critical in preventing noncommunicable diseases like obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease.
Intelligent Transport System for Lane Detection and Pothole Detection using YOLO
Authors: Agre Supriya
Published: November 2024

This paper aims to develop an automated system for pothole and lane marking detection on roads using the YOLOv4- tiny model with a supporting database. The traditional methods of detecting road conditions are slow and inefficient, as they are based on manual processing. With computer vision, our system will identify potholes and lanes much more quickly and accurately. The YOLOv4-tiny model is chosen because it provides a good balance between speed and accuracy, making it suitable for real-time applications. The database of images of roads with potholes and lanes will support training and testing of the models to achieve reliable detection. It is anticipated that this paper will be helpful in the improvement of road safety and maintenance as it will be able to provide timely information about road conditions.
Pengaruh budaya organisasi dan komitmen organisasi terhadap kinerja karyawan
Authors: Helmy Choiriyanto  , Mohammad Shohib
Published: November 2024

Healthcare services in hospitals are a significant concern in Indonesia, where the quality of employee performance is often considered suboptimal. This may be influenced by cultural factors and levels of employee commitment. This study aims to examine the impact of organizational culture and organizational commitment on employee performance in hospitals, both individually and collectively. The research adopts a quantitative correlational approach. Research subjects were selected using purposive sampling techniques, with data obtained from 167 hospital employees in Lamongan. The study utilized scales measuring employee performance, organizational culture, and organizational commitment. Data analysis was conducted using multiple linear regression. The results indicate that organizational culture and organizational commitment together have a significant effect on employee performance, with an F value of 15.864 and a p-value less than 0.000, contributing an effective contribution of 16.2%. However, the partial effect analysis reveals that while organizational culture influences employee performance, organizational commitment does not significantly affect employee performance.