bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengatur Suhu Hopper dan Debit Extruder Pada 3D Printing Simetris Bilateral
Authors: Diyanto M. Agung Cahya , Setiawan Budhy , Nurcahyo Sidik
Published: September 2022

Printer 3D adalah sebuah alat yang digunakan untuk pembuatan objek dari Gambar 3D pada sebuah software. 3D Printing yang menggunakan bahan plastik dan metode FDM (Fused Deposition Modelling), proses dalam pencetakan dengan melelehkan plastik dan menumpuk lelehan sehingga menjadi benda yang sesuai dengan desain. Pada saat proses pencetakan terjadi suhu pada bagian melting 200°C, hal ini menyebabkan adanya perambatan panas dan naik pada bagian hopper, diharuskan suhu hopper stabil pada 90 – 110°C, karena biji plastik pada bagian hopper harus berbentuk biji dan masih solid, sehingga lelehan biji tidak akan naik dan keluar melalui lubang hopper. Proses pemanasan yang digunakan pada bagian melting heater pada suhu 200°C menggunakan heater dengan daya 300W berjumlah 6 yang ditempatkan secara melingkar. Sedangkan pengontrol yang digunakan pada bagian hopper menggunakan metode ON dan OFF, pada keadaan suhu hopper ≥ 110°C kipas akan ON dan pada keadaan suhu hopper ≤ 90°C kipas akan OFF. Panjang lelehan yang keluar pada ekstruder telah sesuai dengan set point pada pronterface, set point 100 mm/min output lelehan 100.74 mm/min, set point 200mm/min output lelehan 171.2 mm/min, input 300mm/min output lelehan 234 mm/min
Exact Solutions of (2+1) Dimensional Cubic Klein-Gordon (cKG) Equation
Authors: Kaur Lakhveer , . Kuldeep
Published: September 2022

In current study, (2+1)-dimensional cubic Klein-Gordon (cKG) equation illustrating dislocation propagation in crystals as well as the behaviour of elementary particles is investigated to establish a variety of new analytic exact solitary wave solutions. Modified exponential expansion method has been implemented to unfold certain wave solutions of considered model. As a result, three sorts of solutions emerge in a fairly systematic manner in the shape of hyperbolic, trigonometric, and rational functions. The kink and periodic wave solitons are acquired and presented geometrically, some 3D plots are simulated and displayed to respond the dynamic behavior of these obtained solutions. In this work we have used symbolic package maxima to obtained our solutions. Our acquired solutions might be most helpful to analyze physical issues that arise from nonlinear complicated dynamical systems.
Atomic Formulation of the Boolean Curve Fitting Problem
Authors: Balamesh Ahmed S. , Rushdi Ali M.
Published: September 2022

Boolean curve fitting is the process of finding a Boolean function that takes given values at certain points in its Boolean domain. The problem boils down to solving a set of ‘big’ Boolean equations that may or may not be consistent. The usual formulation of the Boolean curve fitting problem is quite complicated, indeed. In this paper, we formulate the Boolean curve fitting problem using the technique of atomic decomposition of Boolean equations. This converts the problem into a set of independent switching equations. We present the solution of these switching equations and express the solution in very simple and compact forms. We also present the consistency and uniqueness conditions for this problem again in very compact forms. A few illustrative examples are given. These examples clearly pinpoint the simplicity gained by the Boolean-equation solving step within the overall Boolean-fitting procedure. The method presented here can be applied to the design of Boolean functions for cryptographic systems.
Hypoxia-pretreated mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes-loaded low-temperature extrusion 3D-printed implants for neural regeneration after traumatic brain injury in canines
Authors: Liu Xiaoyin , Wang Jingjing , Wang Peng , Zhong Lin , Wang Shan , Feng Qingbo , Wei Xin , Zhou Liangxue
Published: September 2022

Regenerating brain defects after traumatic brain injury (TBI) still remains a significant difficulty, which has motivated interest in 3D printing to design superior replacements for brain implantation. Collagen has been applied to deliver cells or certain neurotrophic factors for neuroregeneration. However, its fast degradation rate and poor mechanical strength prevent it from being an excellent implant material after TBI. In the present study, we prepared 3D-printed collagen/silk fibroin/hypoxia-pretreated human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (HUCMSCs)-derived exosomes scaffolds (3D-CS-HMExos), which possessed favorable physical properties suitable biocompatibility and biodegradability and were attractive candidates for TBI treatment. Furthermore, inspired by exosomal alterations resulting from cells in different external microenvironments, exosomes were engineered through hypoxia stimulation of mesenchymal stem cells and were proposed as an alternative therapy for promoting neuroregeneration after TBI. We designed hypoxia-preconditioned (Hypo) exosomes derived from HUCMSCs (Hypo-MExos) and proposed them as a selective therapy to promote neuroregeneration after TBI. For the current study, 3D-CS-HMExos were prepared for implantation into the injured brains of beagle dogs. The addition of hypoxia-induced exosomes further exhibited better biocompatibility and neuroregeneration ability. Our results revealed that 3D-CS-HMExos could significantly promote neuroregeneration and angiogenesis due to the doping of hypoxia-induced exosomes. In addition, the 3D-CS-HMExos further inhibited nerve cell apoptosis and proinflammatory factor (TNF-α and IL-6) expression and promoted the expression of an anti-inflammatory factor (IL-10), ultimately enhancing the motor functional recovery of TBI. We proposed that the 3D-CS-loaded encapsulated hypoxia-induced exosomes allowed an adaptable environment for neuroregeneration, inhibition of inflammatory factors and promotion of motor function recovery in TBI beagle dogs. These beneficial effects implied that 3D-CS-HMExos implants could serve as a favorable strategy for defect cavity repair after TBI.
Cuprotosis-related signature predicts overall survival in clear cell renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Fan , Lin Junyu , Feng Dechao , Liang Jiayu , Lu Yiping , Liu Zhihong , Wang Xianding
Published: September 2022

Background: Cuprotosis is a new form of programmed cell death induced by copper. We explored the correlation of cuprotosis with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and constructed a cuprotosis-related signature to predict the prognosis of patients with ccRCC.

Methods: The clinical and transcriptomic data of ccRCC patients were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), cBioPortal, and GEO databases, and cuprotosis-related gene sets were contained in the previous study. A cuprotosis-related signature was developed based on data from TCGA and verified by data from cBioPortal and GEO databases. The immune cell infiltrates and the corresponding signature risk scores were investigated. Two independent cohorts of clinical trials were analyzed to explore the correlation of the signature risk score with immune therapy response.

Results: A signature containing six cuprotosis-related genes was identified and can accurately predict the prognosis of ccRCC patients. Patients with downregulated copper-induced programmed death had a worse overall survival (hazard ratio: 1.90, 95% CI: 1.39–2.59, p < 0.001). The higher signature risk score was significantly associated with male gender (p = 0.026), higher tumor stage (p < 0.001), and higher histological grade (p < 0.001). Furthermore, the signature risk score was positively correlated with the infiltration of B cells, CD8+ T cells, NK cells, Tregs, and T cells, whereas it was negatively correlated with eosinophils, mast cells, and neutrophils. However, no correlation between cuprotosis and response to anti-PD-1 therapy was found.

Conclusion: We established a cuprotosis signature, which can predict the prognosis of patients with ccRCC. Cuprotosis was significantly correlated with immune cell infiltrates in ccRCC.
Catheter ablation in patients with ventricular fibrillation by purkinje de-networking
Authors: Sciacca Vanessa , Fink Thomas , Guckel Denise , El Hamriti Mustapha , Khalaph Moneeb , Braun Martin , Sohns Christian , Sommer Philipp , Imnadze Guram
Published: September 2022

Background

Ventricular fibrillation (VF) is a leading cause of cardiovascular death worldwide. However, recurrence rates of arrhythmia are high leading to mortality and morbidity. Recently, Purkinje fibers have been identified as potential sources of VF initiation and maintenance.

Aim

The study analyzes the feasibility and effectiveness of catheter ablation in patients with recurrent VF by specific Purkinje de-networking (PDN).

Methods

Consecutive patients with recurrent VF undergoing PDN were included in this observational study. The procedural endpoint was the non-inducibility of sustained ventricular arrhythmia. A three-dimensional -anatomical mapping was conducted, and the specific cardiac conduction system and Purkinje fibers were tagged. All detectable Purkinje signals were ablated in the left ventricle (LV). Additional right ventricular (RV) PDN was performed in case of VF inducibility after LV ablation. Follow-up was performed by patient visits at our outpatient clinic including device interrogation and by telephone interviews.

Results

Eight patients were included in the study. Six patients were females (75%); the median age during the procedure was 43 [37;57] years and the median body mass index was 24 [23;33] kg/m2. Four patients (50%) had known structural heart disease with two cases of ischemic cardiomyopathy and two cases of dilated cardiomyopathy. In four patients (50%), no underlying structural heart disease could be identified. The median LV ejection fraction was 42 ± 16.4%. All patients had an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) prior to ablation with documentation of recurrent VF. The median number of ICD shocks before the ablation was 5 [3;7]. LV PDN was performed in all patients. In two patients (25%), an additional RV PDN was performed. Non-inducibility of any ventricular arrhythmia was achieved in all patients after PDN. Two patients showed complete left bundle branch block post-ablation. The median follow-up duration was 264 [58;421] days. Two patients (25%) experienced ventricular arrhythmia recurrence with recurrent ICD-shock delivery. One patient died during follow-up with an unknown cause of death. Six patients (75%) experienced no arrhythmia recurrence during follow-up.

Conclusion

Purkinje de-networking represents a novel treatment option for patients with recurrent VF without arrhythmia substrate or specific arrhythmia triggers with promising results in terms of efficiency and feasibility. Larger and more prospective studies are needed for a systematic evaluation.
HydroBench: Jupyter supported reproducible hydrological model benchmarking and diagnostic tool
Authors: Moges Edom , Ruddell Benjamin L. , Zhang Liang , Driscoll Jessica M. , Norton Parker , Perez Fernando , Larsen Laurel G.
Published: September 2022

Evaluating whether hydrological models are right for the right reasons demands reproducible model benchmarking and diagnostics that evaluate not just statistical predictive model performance but also internal processes. Such model benchmarking and diagnostic efforts will benefit from standardized methods and ready-to-use toolkits. Using the Jupyter platform, this work presents HydroBench, a model-agnostic benchmarking tool consisting of three sets of metrics: 1) common statistical predictive measures, 2) hydrological signature-based process metrics, including a new time-linked flow duration curve and 3) information-theoretic diagnostics that measure the flow of information among model variables. As a test case, HydroBench was applied to compare two model products (calibrated and uncalibrated) of the National Hydrologic Model - Precipitation Runoff Modeling System (NHM-PRMS) at the Cedar River watershed, WA, United States. Although the uncalibrated model has the highest predictive performance, particularly for high flows, the signature-based diagnostics showed that the model overestimates low flows and poorly represents the recession processes. Elucidating why low flows may have been overestimated, the information-theoretic diagnostics indicated a higher flow of information from precipitation to snowmelt to streamflow in the uncalibrated model compared to the calibrated model, where information flowed more directly from precipitation to streamflow. This test case demonstrated the capability of HydroBench in process diagnostics and model predictive and functional performance evaluations, along with their tradeoffs. Having such a model benchmarking tool not only provides modelers with a comprehensive model evaluation system but also provides an open-source tool that can further be developed by the hydrological community.
Optimal waiting period for frozen embryo transfer after hysteroscopic polypectomy: A propensity score matching analysis
Authors: Wang Bijun , Meng Nan , Zhang Wenjuan , Kong Pingping , Liu Zhaozhao , Liu Wenxia , Sun Huaqing , Zhang Wen , Ren Chenchen , Guan Yichun
Published: September 2022

Objective

To evaluate the optimal waiting period for frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET) after hysteroscopic polypectomy (HSC-P).

Design

Retrospective cohort.

Setting

University-affiliated hospital.

Patient(s)

All patients included in this research underwent hysteroscopy before the first FET cycle after whole embryo freezing. A total of 206 patients had undergone HSC-P, and 3681 patients without endometrial polyps were defined as the controls.

Intervention(s)

HSC-P.

Main outcome measure(s)

The HSC-P group was divided into three subgroups based on the time interval between HSC-P and the start of an FET cycle. Subgroup 1 consisted of patients who underwent FET after their next menses, subgroup 2 after two menstrual cycles, and subgroup 3 after three or more menstrual cycles. Demographics, baseline in vitro fertilization (IVF) characteristics, and pregnancy outcomes, especially perinatal outcomes after FET were compared among the groups.

Results

There were 137 patients in subgroup 1, 40 in subgroup 2, and 29 in subgroup 3. There were no differences in the baseline characteristics of the three groups. IVF-related data and FET-related data, such as endometrial thickness and ET no. Of embryoes, were similar among the three subgroups. The three subgroups showed no significant differences in implantation rate, biochemical pregnancy rate, abortion rate, clinical pregnancy rate or live birth rate. Besides, There was no significant difference in perinatal outcomes including very preterm delivery, preterm delivery, low birth weight, macrosomia, small for gestational age, large for gestational age, birth weight(g), birth-height(cm)and Apgar Scores.

Conclusion(s)

Compared with FET after their next menses, FET after two or more menstrual cycles after HSC-P does not necessarily produce superior outcomes.
Development and validation of a combined glycolysis and immune prognostic signature for lung squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Huang Qiang , Yang Shan , Yan Hao , Chen Hong , Wang Yuzhu , Wang Yang
Published: September 2022

Background: The involvement of glycolysis in the regulation of the tumor immune microenvironment has become a novel research field. In this study, the specific functions and clinical significance of glycolysis-related genes (GRGs) and immune-related genes (IRGs) were systematically characterized in lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC).

Methods: We evaluated the prognostic value, interactions, somatic mutations, and copy-number variations of GRGs and IRGs in LUSC from a dataset of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). An integrated glycolysis–immune score (GIS) model was generated by random forest algorithm and stepwise Cox regression analysis. The predictive power of the GIS was examined by survival analysis, receiver operating characteristics, univariate and multivariate analyses, and subgroup analysis. The correlations between GIS and biological functions, glycolysis, immune activity, immune cell infiltration, and genomic changes were analyzed, and the potential of GIS to guide clinical treatment decisions was evaluated.

Results: A total of 54 prognostic GRGs and IRGs were identified, and a strong correlation was noted among them. However, most of them had somatic mutations and a high incidence of CNV. The GIS model that contained two GRGs (PYGB and MDH1) and three IRGs (TSLP, SERPIND1, and GDF2) was generated and a high GIS indicated poor survival. Moreover, we found that low GIS was associated with immune pathway activation, M1 macrophage infiltration, and higher immune scores. Finally, patients with low GIS were more sensitive to chemotherapy and immunotherapy.

Conclusion: An integrated model based on glycolysis and immune genes can distinguish the biological functions and immune infiltration patterns of individual tumors, quantitatively estimate the prognosis of patients with LUSC, and guide chemotherapy and immunotherapy decisions.
Genetic heterogeneity in corpus callosum agenesis
Authors: Pânzaru Monica-Cristina , Popa Setalia , Lupu Ancuta , Gavrilovici Cristina , Lupu Vasile Valeriu , Gorduza Eusebiu Vlad
Published: September 2022

The corpus callosum is the largest white matter structure connecting the two cerebral hemispheres. Agenesis of the corpus callosum (ACC), complete or partial, is one of the most common cerebral malformations in humans with a reported incidence ranging between 1.8 per 10,000 livebirths to 230–600 per 10,000 in children and its presence is associated with neurodevelopmental disability. ACC may occur as an isolated anomaly or as a component of a complex disorder, caused by genetic changes, teratogenic exposures or vascular factors. Genetic causes are complex and include complete or partial chromosomal anomalies, autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive or X-linked monogenic disorders, which can be either de novo or inherited. The extreme genetic heterogeneity, illustrated by the large number of syndromes associated with ACC, highlight the underlying complexity of corpus callosum development. ACC is associated with a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations ranging from asymptomatic to neonatal death. The most common features are epilepsy, motor impairment and intellectual disability. The understanding of the genetic heterogeneity of ACC may be essential for the diagnosis, developing early intervention strategies, and informed family planning. This review summarizes our current understanding of the genetic heterogeneity in ACC and discusses latest discoveries.
Identification of a novel homozygous LAMB3 mutation in a Chinese male with junctional epidermolysis bullosa and severe urethra stenosis: A case report
Authors: Wang Wei , Guo Qiang , Chen Jinshan , Zhang Xi , Li Chengyong , Li Shuangping , Liang Jialin , Hao Chuan , Wang Jingqi
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is a skin fragility disorder that is caused by molecular aberrations in the epidermal basement membrane zone. Based primarily on the cleavage plane within the skin, EB is classified into four major subtypes: EB simplex; junctional EB (JEB); dystrophic EB; and Kindler EB. The junctional form (JEB) can lead to blistering and a variety of extracutaneous complications, including genitourinary tract involvement. Despite therapeutic progress, treatment modalities for urological complications of JEB are currently limited.

Results: We present the case of a Chinese male with intermediate JEB and profound urinary tract stenosis. Due to the progression of the urinary tract stenosis, he presented with repeated urological symptoms, such as high frequency of urination, painful urination, and difficult voiding. After birth, multiple blisters on the fingers, feet, and limbs, as well as nail dystrophies and spare hair were noted. Mutation analysis revealed that the patient carried a homozygous frameshift mutation in the LAMB3 gene [c.1172_1179delinsTGTGTGTGCAAGGAG/p. (P391Lfs*23)]. After receiving treatment for urethral dilatation, lingual mucosa for anterior urethroplasty, and repair of urethral stricture using a ventral onlay penile skin flap, the patient still experienced a relapse of urinary tract stenosis. Finally, the patient underwent perineal urethrostomy. In contrast, his older brother with similar urological symptoms received regular urethral dilatation, and the curative effect was positive.

Conclusion: Here we report on a case with a novel LAMB3 mutation that led to JEB with profound urinary tract stenosis, which has expanded our experience in the treatment of EB urological complications.
Genetic sources and loci for Fusarium head blight resistance in bread wheat
Authors: Wu Lei , He Xinyao , He Yi , Jiang Peng , Xu Kaijie , Zhang Xu , Singh Pawan K.
Published: September 2022

Fusarium head blight (FHB) of wheat is an important disease worldwide, affecting the yield, end-use quality and threatening food safety. Genetic resources or stable loci for FHB resistance are still limited in breeding programs. A panel of 265 bread wheat accessions from China, CIMMYT-Mexico and other countries was screened for FHB resistance under 5 field experiments in Mexico and China, and a genome-wide association analysis was performed to identify QTLs associated with FHB resistance. The major locus Fhb1 was significantly associated with FHB severity and Deoxynivalenol content in grains. FHB screening experiments in multiple environments showed that Fhb1-harbouring accessions Sumai3, Sumai5, Ningmai9, Yangmai18 and Tokai66 had low FHB index, disease severity and DON content in grains in response to different Fusarium species and ecological conditions in Mexico and China. Accessions Klein Don Enrique, Chuko and Yumai34 did not have Fhb1 but still showed good FHB resistance and low mycotoxin accumulation. Sixteen loci associated with FHB resistance or DON content in grains were identified on chromosomes 1A, 1B, 2B, 3A, 3D, 4B, 4D, 5A, 5B, 7A, and 7B in multiple environments, explaining phenotypic variation of 4.43–10.49%. The sources with good FHB resistance reported here could be used in breeding programs for resistance improvement in Mexico and China, and the significant loci could be further studied and introgressed for resistance improvement against FHB and mycotoxin accumulation in grains.
Adipokines as potential biomarkers for type 2 diabetes mellitus in cats
Authors: Sierawska Olga , Niedźwiedzka-Rystwej Paulina
Published: September 2022

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is no longer only a disease of humans, but also of domestic animals, and it particularly affects cats. It is increasingly thought that because of its unique characteristics, T2DM may belong not only to the group of metabolic diseases but also to the group of autoimmune diseases. This is due to the involvement of the immune system in the inflammation that occurs with T2DM. Various pro- and anti-inflammatory substances are secreted, especially cytokines in patients with T2DM. Cytokines secreted by adipose tissue are called adipokines, and leptin, adiponectin, resistin, omentin, TNF-α, and IL-6 have been implicated in T2DM. In cats, approximately 90% of diabetic cases are T2DM. Risk factors include older age, male sex, Burmese breed, presence of obesity, and insulin resistance. Diagnosis of a cat requires repeated testing and is complicated compared to human diagnosis. Based on similarities in the pathogenesis of T2DM between humans and cats, adipokines previously proposed as biomarkers for human T2DM may also serve in the diagnosis of this disease in cats.
Genomics and transcriptomics reveal new molecular mechanism of vibriosis resistance in fish
Authors: Zhou Qian , Chen Yadong , Chen Zhangfan , Wang Lei , Ma Xinran , Wang Jie , Zhang Qihao , Chen Songlin
Published: September 2022

Infectious diseases have caused dramatic production decline and economic loss for fish aquaculture. However, the poor understanding of fish disease resistance severely hampered disease prevention. Chinese tongue sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis) is an important economic flatfish suffering from vibriosis. Here we used genomic, transcriptomic and experimental approaches to investigate the molecular genetic mechanisms underlying fish vibriosis resistance. A genome-wide comparison revealed that the genes under selective sweeps were enriched for glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chondroitin sulfate (CS)/dermatan sulfate (DS) metabolism. Transcriptomic analyses prioritized synergic gene expression patterns in this pathway, which may lead to an increased CS/DS content in the resistant family. Further experimental evidence showed that carbohydrate sulfotransferases 12 (Chst12), a key enzyme for CS/DS biosynthesis, has a direct antibacterial activity. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report that the chst12 gene has a bactericidal effect. In addition, CS/DS is a major component of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and the selection signatures and fine-tuned gene expressions of ECM-receptor interaction genes indicated a modification in the ECM structure with an enhancement of the barrier function. Furthermore, functional studies conducted on Col6a2, encoding a collagen gene which constitutes the ECM, pointed to that it may act as a cellular receptor for Vibrio pathogens, thus plays an important role for the Vibrio invasion. Taken together, these findings provide new insights into the molecular protective mechanism underlying vibriosis resistance in fish, which offers crucial genomic resources for the resistant germplasm breeding and infectious disease control in fish culturing.
Efficacy, effectiveness, and safety of herpes zoster vaccine in the immunocompetent and immunocompromised subjects: A systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Xia Yue , Zhang Xue , Zhang Liuren , Fu Chuanxi
Published: September 2022

Objective

To investigate the efficacy, effectiveness and safety of recombinant zoster vaccine (RZV) and zoster vaccine live (ZVL) in immunocompetent and immunocompromised subjects.

Methods

Data sources: PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases (up to Jan 2022) were searched to identify English articles. Search terms included randomized controlled trials (RCTs), observational studies, herpes zoster, RZV, ZVL. Study Selection: Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating vaccine efficacy and safety and observational studies assessing vaccine effectiveness (after a vaccine was approved for marketing) were included. Data Extraction: Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted the data, and checked the each other results.

Results

Seventeen RCTs and 19 cohort studies were included. Among immunocompetent subjects, RZV was superior to ZVL at wide intervals (relative vaccine efficacy: 84%, 95% CI: 53%–95%; relative vaccine effectiveness: 49%, 95% CI: 21%–67%), across genders and subjects aged ≥ 60 years. Among immunocompromised subjects, RZV was superior to placebo in terms of vaccine efficacy (60%, 95% CI: 49%–69%). There was no difference between ZVL and placebo in those with selected immunosuppressive conditions. RZV was 45% (95% CI: 30%–59%) superior to ZVL in real-world practice. Compared with placebo, adverse events related to RZV were primarily related to injection-site and systemic, and RZV did not increase the risk of serious adverse events (SAEs) or death. There was no difference in the incidence of adverse events between groups with and without immunosuppression.

Conclusions

Both RZV and ZVL can reduce the risk of herpes zoster in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised subjects. RZV was well-tolerated in the study population and demonstrated stronger protection than ZVL.

Systematic review registration

Prospero CRD42022310495.
Simple and effective: T90 codends improve size selectivity and catch efficiency compared with diamond-mesh codends for mantis shrimp (Oratosquilla oratoria) in demersal trawl fishery of the South China Sea
Authors: Yang Bingzhong , Herrmann Bent
Published: September 2022

Size selectivity and catch efficiency of four codends were tested and compared for mantis shrimp (Oratosquilla oratoria) in demersal trawl fisheries of the South China Sea (SCS). These codends were differing in mesh shapes, diamond mesh (T0) and diamond-mesh turned 90° (T90) with mesh sizes of 30 and 35 mm, respectively. The results demonstrated that the T0 codend with a lower mesh size, 30 mm, presented poorer selective properties for the target species, while size selectivity would be significantly improved with the mesh size increasing to 35 mm, or substituting the T0 codend with the T90 codend. For the T90 codend with a larger mesh size, 35 mm, the size selectivity was the highest, whereas the loss of the legal individuals was also significantly considerable. Considering the trade-off between releasing undersized individuals and maintaining the legal ones, the T0 codend with 35-mm mesh size or the T90 codend with 30-mm mesh size might be a better choice to target mantis shrimp in demersal trawl fisheries of the SCS.
Modification of the eighth AJCC/UICC staging system for perihilar cholangiocarcinoma: An alternative pathological staging system from cholangiocarcinoma-prevalent Northeast Thailand
Authors: Aphivatanasiri Chaiwat , Sa-Ngiamwibool Prakasit , Sangkhamanon Sakkarn , Intarawichian Piyapharom , Kunprom Waritta , Thanee Malinee , Prajumwongs Piya , Khuntikeo Narong , Titapun Attapol , Jareanrat Apiwat , Thanasukarn Vasin , Srisuk Tharatip , Luvira Vor , Eurboonyanun Kulyada , Promsorn Julaluck , Loilome Watcharin , Wee Aileen , Koonmee Supinda
Published: September 2022

Aim

This study aims to improve the classification performance of the eighth American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system for perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (pCCA) by proposing the Khon Kaen University (KKU) staging system developed in cholangiocarcinoma-prevalent Northeast Thailand.

Method

Four hundred eighty-eight patients with pCCA who underwent partial hepatectomy between 2002 and 2017 at the Srinagarind Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Thailand, were included. Overall survival (OS) related to clinicopathological features was analyzed using the Kaplan–Meier method. Logrank test was performed in univariate analysis to compare OS data of clinicopathological features to determine risk factors for poor survival. Significant features were further analyzed by multivariate analysis (Cox regression) to identify prognostic factors which were then employed to modify the eighth AJCC staging system.

Results

Multivariate analysis showed that growth pattern (HR = 4.67–19.72, p < 0.001), moderately and poorly differentiated histological grades (HR = 2.31–4.99, p < 0.05 and 0.001, respectively), lymph node metastasis N1 and N2 (HR = 1.37 and 2.18, p < 0.05 and 0.01, respectively), and distant metastasis (HR = 2.11, p < 0.001) were independent factors when compared to their respective reference groups. There was a clear separation of patients with pCCA into KKU stage: I [OS = 116 months (mo.)], II (OS = 46 mo.), IIIA (OS = 24 mo.), IIIB (11 mo.), IVA (OS = 7 mo.), and IVB (OS = 6 mo.).

Conclusion

The new staging system was based on the incorporation of growth patterns to modify the eighth AJCC staging system. The classification performance demonstrated that the KKU staging system was able to classify and distinctly separate patients with pCCA into those with good and poor outcomes. It was also able to improve the stratification performance and discriminative ability of different stages of pCCA classification better than the eighth AJCC staging system. Hence, the KKU staging system is proposed as an alternative model to augment the accuracy of survival prognostication and treatment performance for patients with pCCA.
Bacterial community of sediments under the Eastern Boundary Current System shows high microdiversity and a latitudinal spatial pattern
Authors: Fonseca Alexis , Espinoza Carola , Nielsen Lars Peter , Marshall Ian P. G. , Gallardo Victor A.
Published: September 2022

The sediments under the Oxygen Minimum Zone of the Eastern Boundary Current System (EBCS) along Central-South Peru and North-Central Chile, known as Humboldt Sulfuretum (HS), is an organic-matter-rich benthic habitat, where bacteria process a variety of sulfur compounds under low dissolved-oxygen concentrations, and high sulfide and nitrate levels. This study addressed the structure, diversity and spatial distribution patterns of the HS bacterial community along Northern and South-Central Chile using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. The results show that during the field study period, the community was dominated by sulfur-associated bacteria. Indeed, the most abundant phylum was Desulfobacterota, while Sva0081 sedimentary group, of the family Desulfosarcinaceae (the most abundant family), which includes sulfate-reducer and H2 scavenger bacteria, was the most abundant genus. Furthermore, a spatial pattern was unveiled along the study area to which the family Desulfobulbaceae contributed the most to the spatial variance, which encompasses 42 uncharacterized amplicon sequence variants (ASVs), three assigned to Ca. Electrothrix and two to Desulfobulbus. Moreover, a very high microdiversity was found, since only 3.7% of the ASVs were shared among localities, reflecting a highly diverse and mature community.
Dietary supplementation with fermented plant product modulates production performance, egg quality, intestinal mucosal barrier, and cecal microbiota in laying hens
Authors: Tian Yong , Li Guoqin , Zhang Shuo , Zeng Tao , Chen Li , Tao Zhengrong , Lu Lizhi
Published: September 2022

Fermented plant product (FPP) is a kind of functional complex containing probiotics and a variety of bioactive substances, which has multiple physiological functions. However, there is no systematic appraisal of FPP as a feed additive for laying hens. This study was conducted to evaluate the utilization of FPP in laying hens. A total of 120 healthy 34-week-old Xianju layers with similar body weight and egg production were randomly allocated into two dietary treatments with four replicates per treatment and 15 birds per replicate for 8 weeks. The dietary treatments included the basal diet without FPP (CON group) and CON diet supplemented with 500 mg/kg of FPP (FPP group). Compared with the CON group, the egg production and egg mass were significantly increased in the FPP group from 38 to 42 and 34 to 42 weeks of age (P < 0.05). Birds fed with the diet containing 500 mg/kg FPP had higher albumen height (P < 0.01) and Haugh unit (P < 0.05) than those of the controls. FPP supplementation significantly increased the villus height (VH) and crypt depth (CD) in the jejunum of laying hens (P < 0.01), as well as the ratio of VH to CD (P < 0.05). The mRNA expression of tight junctions showed that dietary supplementation with FPP significantly increased the expression levels of Occludin (P < 0.01) and ZO-1 (P < 0.05) in jejunum of hens compared to the control group. In addition, dietary supplementation with FPP influenced cecal microbiota of laying hens, which was characterized by the changes in the microbial community composition, including the increased abundances of Firmicutes, Faecalibacterium, Oscillospira, Clostridium, Ruminococcus, and Coprococcus, along with the decreased abundance of Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, Phascolarctobacterium, Odoribacter, Desulfovibrio, and Mucispirillum. Spearman's correlation analysis revealed that bacteria such as Faecalibacterium, Ruminococcus, Coprococcus, and Blautia were significantly and positively correlated with the intestinal barrier markers (P < 0.05), with extremely significant correlations between Ruminococcus and ZO-1, and Coprococcus and Occludin (P < 0.01), whereas Desulfovibrio had a negative correlation with the expression of Occludin (P < 0.05). As it can be concluded, FPP supplementation increased the egg production, egg mass, albumen height, and Haugh unit of laying hens, and improved intestinal health by ameliorating intestinal barrier function, which may be partially attributed to the regulation of cecal microbiota. Our findings suggest that FPP has the potential to be used as a feed additive to promote the performance of layers.
Example for process validation in biobanking: Fit for purpose testing of a cryopreservation method without isopentane
Authors: Wieser Monika , Burger Stefanie , Ertl Reinhard , Kummer Stefan , Stargardt Melanie , Walter Ingrid
Published: September 2022

Background: The freezing process of tissue samples is crucial for the preservation of morphological and molecular features. Several biobanking guidelines describe freezing techniques for optimal outcomes. As the Vetbiobank standard freezing protocol does not comply with those recommendations in detail, a process validation was performed to demonstrate that samples are suitable for downstream applications. Here we give a formal example of a process validation in the biobanking setting, as required by the biobanking guideline ISO 20387 (2018).

Methods: Three different freezing protocols, freezing in liquid nitrogen, freezing via isopentane precooled on dry ice and freezing via liquid nitrogen vapor, were assessed based on morphological integrity of mouse liver and muscle tissue samples. Samples were either frozen in cryotubes (without Optimal Cutting Temperature compound, OCT) or in cryomolds (with OCT). The protocol providing the best results was validated for reproducibility and robustness in terms of defined acceptance criteria for morphological evaluability, A260/A280 ratio, and RNA integrity number values (RIN). In addition, performance tests were run by gene expression analyzes of selected, tissue specific biomarkers to confirm that processed samples are fit for purpose.

Results: From the three applied freezing protocols, freezing in liquid nitrogen generated best results. Reproducibility acceptance criteria were met for both, morphological integrity and RNA quality. The freezing method was robust for the tested tissue types and the application of OCT, with exception of liver tissue, where it led to a significant decrease of the RIN value. Gene expression analyzes showed good comparability of results regardless of the applied freezing method.

Conclusion: Freezing of tissue samples in liquid nitrogen provides samples of adequate quality for subsequent RNA investigations. A negative impact of OCT on the RIN value of liver samples was observed, which was independent from the applied freezing protocol and showed no impact on subsequent gene expression analysis.
Nucleosome proteostasis and histone turnover
Authors: Arrieta Adrian , Vondriska Thomas M.
Published: September 2022

Maintenance of protein folding homeostasis, or proteostasis is critical for cell survival as well as for execution of cell type specific biological processes such as muscle cell contractility, neuronal synapse and memory formation, and cell transition from a mitotic to post-mitotic cell type. Cell type specification is driven largely by chromatin organization, which dictates which genes are turned off or on, depending on cell needs and function. Loss of chromatin organization can have catastrophic consequences either on cell survival or cell type specific function. Chromatin organization is highly dependent on organization of nucleosomes, spatiotemporal nucleosome assembly and disassembly, and histone turnover. In this review our goal is to highlight why nucleosome proteostasis is critical for chromatin organization, how this process is mediated by histone chaperones and ATP-dependent chromatin remodelers and outline potential and established mechanisms of disrupted nucleosome proteostasis during disease. Finally, we highlight how these mechanisms of histone turnover and nucleosome proteostasis may conspire with unfolded protein response programs to drive histone turnover in cell growth and development.
Intimate partner violence: psycho-physio-pathological sequelae for defining a holistic enriched treatment
Authors: Cesari Valentina , Vallefuoco Alessandra , Agrimi Jacopo , Gemignani Angelo , Paolocci Nazareno , Menicucci Danilo
Published: September 2022

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a health priority, which worldwide, mainly affects women. The consequences of IPV include several psychophysiological effects. These range from altered levels of hormones and neurotrophins to difficulties in emotion regulation and cognitive impairment. Mounting evidence from preclinical studies has shown that environmental enrichment, a form of sensory-motor, cognitive, and social stimulation, can induce a wide range of neuroplastic processes in the brain which consistently improve recovery from a wide variety of somatic and psychiatric diseases. To support IPV survivors, it is essential to ensure a safe housing environment, which can serve as a foundation for environmental enrichment-based interventions. However, some concerns have been raised when supportive housing interventions focus on the economic aspects of survivors’ lives instead of the emotional ones. We thus propose a holistic intervention in which supportive housing is integrated with evidenced-based psychotherapies which could constitute an enriched therapeutic approach for IPV survivors.
Stopping in (e)motion: Reactive action inhibition when facing valence-independent emotional stimuli
Authors: Battaglia Simone , Cardellicchio Pasquale , Di Fazio Chiara , Nazzi Claudio , Fracasso Alessio , Borgomaneri Sara
Published: September 2022

Emotions are able to impact our ability to control our behaviors. However, it is not clear whether emotions play a detrimental or an advantageous effect on action control and whether the valence of the emotional stimuli differently affects such motor abilities. One way to measure reactive inhibitory control is the stop-signal task (SST), which estimates the ability to cancel outright a response to the presentation of a stop signal by means of the stop signal reaction times (SSRT). Impaired as well as facilitated action control has been found when faced with emotional stimuli such as stop signals in SSTs and mixed results were observed for positive versus negative stimuli. Here, we aimed to investigate these unresolved issues more deeply. Action control capabilities were tested in 60 participants by means of a SST, in which the stop signals were represented by a fearful and a happy body posture together with their neutral counterpart. Results showed that both positive and negative body postures enhanced the ability to suppress an ongoing action compared to neutral body postures. These results demonstrate that emotional valence-independent emotional stimuli facilitate action control and suggest that emotional stimuli may trigger increased sensory representation and/or attentional processing that may have promote stop-signal processing and hence improved inhibitory performance.
A novel CapsNet neural network based on MobileNetV2 structure for robot image classification
Authors: Zhang Jingsi , Yu Xiaosheng , Lei Xiaoliang , Wu Chengdong
Published: September 2022

Image classification indicates that it classifies the images into a certain category according to the information in the image. Therefore, extracting image feature information is an important research content in image classification. Traditional image classification mainly uses machine learning methods to extract features. With the continuous development of deep learning, various deep learning algorithms are gradually applied to image classification. However, traditional deep learning-based image classification methods have low classification efficiency and long convergence time. The training networks are prone to over-fitting. In this paper, we present a novel CapsNet neural network based on the MobileNetV2 structure for robot image classification. Aiming at the problem that the lightweight network will sacrifice classification accuracy, the MobileNetV2 is taken as the base network architecture. CapsNet is improved by optimizing the dynamic routing algorithm to generate the feature graph. The attention module is introduced to increase the weight of the saliency feature graph learned by the convolutional layer to improve its classification accuracy. The parallel input of spatial information and channel information reduces the computation and complexity of network. Finally, the experiments are carried out in CIFAR-100 dataset. The results show that the proposed model is superior to other robot image classification models in terms of classification accuracy and robustness.
Is there evidence for a noisy computation deficit in developmental dyslexia?
Authors: Tan Yufei , Chanoine Valérie , Cavalli Eddy , Anton Jean-Luc , Ziegler Johannes C.
Published: September 2022

The noisy computation hypothesis of developmental dyslexia (DD) is particularly appealing because it can explain deficits across a variety of domains, such as temporal, auditory, phonological, visual and attentional processes. A key prediction is that noisy computations lead to more variable and less stable word representations. A way to test this hypothesis is through repetition of words, that is, when there is noise in the system, the neural signature of repeated stimuli should be more variable. The hypothesis was tested in an functional magnetic resonance imaging experiment with dyslexic and typical readers by repeating words twelve times. Variability measures were computed both at the behavioral and neural levels. At the behavioral level, we compared the standard deviation of reaction time distributions of repeated words. At the neural level, in addition to standard univariate analyses and measures of intra-item variability, we also used multivariate pattern analyses (representational similarity and classification) to find out whether there was evidence for noisier representations in dyslexic readers compared to typical readers. Results showed that there were no significant differences between the two groups in any of the analyses despite robust results within each group (i.e., high representational similarity between repeated words, good classification of words vs. non-words). In summary, there was no evidence in favor of the idea that dyslexic readers would have noisier neural representations than typical readers.
Altered topological organization of resting-state functional networks in children with infantile spasms
Authors: Wang Ya , Li Yongxin , Yang Lin , Huang Wenhua
Published: September 2022

Covering neuroimaging evidence has demonstrated that epileptic symptoms are associated with the disrupted topological architecture of the brain network. Infantile spasms (IS) as an age-specific epileptic encephalopathy also showed abnormal structural or functional connectivity in specific brain regions or specific networks. However, little is known about the topological alterations of whole-brain functional networks in patients with IS. To fill this gap, we used the graph theoretical analysis to investigate the topological properties (whole-brain small-world property and modular interaction) in 17 patients with IS and 34 age- and gender-matched healthy controls. The functional networks in both groups showed efficient small-world architecture over the sparsity range from 0.05 to 0.4. While patients with IS showed abnormal global properties characterized by significantly decreased normalized clustering coefficient, normalized path length, small-worldness, local efficiency, and significantly increased global efficiency, implying a shift toward a randomized network. Modular analysis revealed decreased intra-modular connectivity within the default mode network (DMN) and fronto-parietal network but increased inter-modular connectivity between the cingulo-opercular network and occipital network. Moreover, the decreased intra-modular connectivity in DMN was significantly negatively correlated with seizure frequency. The inter-modular connectivity between the cingulo-opercular and occipital network also showed a significant correlation with epilepsy frequency. Together, the current study revealed the disrupted topological organization of the whole-brain functional network, which greatly advances our understanding of neuronal architecture in IS and may contribute to predict the prognosis of IS as disease biomarkers.