bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
РАЗРАБОТКА ЭЛЕМЕНТОВ МОДЕЛИ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ПРОЕКТОМ СОЗДАНИЯ ПЛАЗМОХИМИЧЕСКИХ УСТРОЙСТВ ДЛЯ ЭНЕРГЕТИЧЕСКИХ УСТАНОВОК
Authors: Бурунсуз Екатерина Сергеевна
Published: May 2019

The basic elements of the project management model for the creation of plasma-chemical elements for power plants have been developed. It is shown that the main features of science-intensive projects for the development of energy systems using plasma-chemical elements are: significant complexity of organizational production systems; significant uncertainty of project states and a high probability of risks arising from the influence of factors that cannot be envisaged in the management process; the uniqueness and high cost of the industrial and intellectual resources involved, as well as the problems of cooperation in the context of International projects. A process model for forming the Statute of the project for creation of plasma-chemical devices for power plants was developed to establish information relationships between control processes of one and the different levels, performance indicators, control over their implementation, as well as visualization of processes in the form of detailed subprocesses. The identification of the main risks of project management for the creation of plasma-chemical elements for environmentally friendly power plants in accordance with the life cycle phases has been identified. The risk indicators of projects at macro level, market and project levels have been developed; interconnections and hierarchies between different factors have been established. In order to substantiate the selection of the most significant criteria, a hierarchy analysis method was used, which determined the importance of the criteria for the project team for the creation of a plasma-chemical elements. It has been determined that the own vectors of the criteria are: strategic 39.1%, financial and economic 31%, environmental 16.3%, functional and technological 10.1%, others 3.6%. The developed model takes into account the specific conditions of operation of plasma installations and enables to determine the local and global probabilities of their occurrence at the initiation stage of the project, and also to develop arrangements to minimize their impact on the indicators of the project effectiveness
ВЛИЯНИЕ ЗАГРЯЗНЕНИЯ НА ТЕПЛОВУЮ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ ПОВЕРХНОСТЕЙ НАГРЕВА УТИЛИЗАЦИОННЫХ КОТЛОВ ПРИ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИИ ВОДОТОПЛИВНЫХ ЭМУЛЬСИЙ НА ОСНОВЕ МАЛОВЯЗКИХ ТОПЛИВ
Authors: Корниенко Виктория Сергеевна , Радченко Андрей Николаевич , Андреев Артем Андреевич , Щербак Юрий Георгиевич
Published: May 2019

When burning water-fuel emulsions with a water content of 30% due to decrease in the rate of low-temperature sulfuric acid corrosion to an acceptable level of 0.25 mm/year, condensation heating surface can be installed in the exhaust gas boilers. On the basis of studies and literature data, the values of the bulk density of pollutions in the burning of low-viscosity fuels and water-fuel emulsions based on them were adopted. Relations of the pollution layer thickness on the wall temperature on the basis of the available experimental data on the intensity of pollution at different values of the wall temperature, the literature data, and the calculated values of the bulk density of the pollution layer are obtained. The variable nature of the relations indicates the need to determine the values of the pollution thickness for each appropriate range of wall temperature values. Based on the obtained relations of the mean thickness of the pollutions on the wall temperature, as well as the values of the coefficient of equivalent thermal conductivity, the relations of the pollution coefficients on the wall temperature are constructed. The obtained relations show that at the same wall temperatures during the combustion of water-fuel emulsions with a water content of 30% the value of the pollution coefficients is significantly lower than when burning the non-watered fuel. Comparison of the values of the pollution factor confirms the reliability of the studies of pollution processes and analytically determined values carried out in the experimental setup. The relations of the heat transfer coefficient of the polluted surface at the heating surface temperatures in the range of 70-210 °С for the combustion of low-viscosity fuels and water-fuel emulsions based on them were proposed. It is expediently to evaluate the effect of impurities on the values of thermal efficiency, because they allow to reveal the overall effect on the value of the pollution coefficient and the unevenness of their blowing. The obtained relations of the pollution coefficients, heat transfer and thermal efficiency in the design of convective heating surfaces for exhaust gas boilers are proposed
ТЕПЛООБМЕН ВО ВРАЩАЮЩЕМСЯ ГЛАДКОМ КРУГЛОМ КАНАЛЕ И ВЛИЯНИЕ НА ЕГО ИНТЕНСИВНОСТЬ ВИХРЕВОГО ТЕЧЕНИЯ
Authors: Шманенко Андрей Иванович , Сербин Сергей Иванович
Published: May 2019

The paper deals with the analysis of heat transfer intensity in a rotating smooth channel, which simulates a cooling channel of rotating blade of the gas turbine engine. A circle cross-section channel with a diameter of 6 mm and length of 80 mm was chosen as the base variant. The calculations of heat transfer in rotating and stationary channels were carried out, which allows estimating the influence of vortex flow on the intensity of heat transfer. Rotation of the channel was simulated by means of domain rotating. The rotation speed of the test channel is 7400 rev/min.  Axis of rotation is at a distance of 0.49 m from the inlet section of the channel. Pressure and temperature were specified as inlet boundary conditions: 1040000 Pa and 733 K, respectively. The mass flow rate of 0.02 kg/s was specified as outlet boundary conditions. The computations were performed by solving the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations (RANS method) using an SST (Shear Stress Transport) turbulence model. The air ideal gas was used as the working medium. The calculation was performed taking into consideration the Buoyancy effect. Verification of heat exchange calculation model in the rotary channel of the gas turbine engine rotor blade according to experimental data is carried out. The boundary conditions at the input and output of the channel were set in such a way that the flow parameters in the calculation corresponded to the experimental characteristics. The resulting numerical calculations of the temperature distribution and Nusselt Numbers are qualitatively and quantitatively consistent with the experiment. The distribution of Nusselt Numbers on the front and back walls for rotating and non-rotating channels, as well as the dependences of the relative tangential velocity on the relative channel length, were estimated. It has been shown that average Nusselt Number on the leading wall of the rotating channel is the same with the wall of the static channel, but detail Nu distribution over rotating leading wall undergoes considerable modification. Average Nusselt Number on the trailing wall of the rotating channel is higher than on the wall of the static channel, but the detail Nu distribution pattern on the rotating trailing wall generally follows the static result.
УСТАНОВЛЕНИЕ ОГРАНИЧЕНИЙ ПО МАКСИМАЛЬНЫМ СКОРОСТЯМ ДЕСАНТИРОВАНИЯ С УЧЕТОМ ДЕГРАДАЦИИ ПРОЧНОСТНЫХ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИК МАТЕРИАЛОВ КУПОЛА ПАРАШЮТА. СООБЩЕНИЕ 2. ЗАВИСИМОСТЬ МАКСИМАЛЬНЫХ СКОРОСТЕЙ ДЕСАНТИРОВАНИЯ ОТ ДЕГРАДАЦИИ ПРОЧНОСТИ
Authors: Фомичев Петр Александрович
Published: May 2019

Part 2 is a continuation of Part 1 [1], which proposed the dependence of the maximum permissible loads on the parachute on the degradation coefficients of the power structure elements strength characteristics. The condition of equality of safety factors for elements after the long-term operation and during design was adopted. The results of calculating the speeds and loads on the parachute were compared with published experimental data. In particular, for the rescue parachute, calculations were made of the fall rate at the moment of the beginning of filling the dome and the maximum load, depending on the aircraft speed. The fall rate is calculated numerically using the motion equations of the dummy-parachute system with given initial conditions. This speed almost coincides with that measured experimentally. Quite satisfactory coordination takes place and for the maximum load. In accordance with the methodology, N. A. Lobanov maximum load depends on the speed at the time of the parachute full opening. This speed is largely determined by the value of the empirical generalized coefficient K. The numerical value of K should be found for a particular parachute from the condition of matching the calculated and experimentally measured loads. The analysis of maximum landing speeds flight limitations from the degradation coefficients of the structural materials strength characteristics was carried out for two cases. The first corresponds to the constancy of the time of separation from the aircraft until the introduction of the parachute dome into operation. The second corresponds to the accounting for the dependence of this time on the aircraft speed. Calculations of the dependence of the maximum allowable aircraft speed on the degradation coefficients were performed in the widest possible range of the generalized coefficients K variation for the dome and lines fabric. The spare Z-5 and landing D-5 series 2 parachutes are considered. The dependences of the maximum permissible landing speeds on the strength degradation coefficients of the framework elements of these parachutes have been established. The actual value of these coefficients must be established by means of destructive strength tests
Factores del aprendizaje y rendimiento académico en estudiantes de la facultad de comercio internacional, integración, administración y economía empresarial UPEC
Authors: Bastidas Guerrón Jeaneth Lucía , Enríquez Vizcaíno Justo Pastor
Published: May 2019

Los factores que influyen en el desempeño de los estudiantes universitarios agrupados en tres categorías: personales, sociales e institucionales, constituyen el objeto de estudio de varias investigaciones, ya que el conocimiento del aspecto académico y socioeconómico de los estudiantes, en los actuales momentos juega un papel importante en las instituciones de educación superior del Ecuador y en especial en la Universidad Politécnica Estatal del Carchi. El presente trabajo está encaminado a determinar los factores de aprendizaje que influyen en el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes de la Facultad Comercio Internacional, Integración, Administración y Economía Empresarial de la UPEC; por tal razón, en primera instancia, se hace un análisis de rendimiento académico, capacidades, factor psicológico y socioeconómico de los dicentes y del modelo educativo de la universidad. En la presente investigación se realizó una encuesta, uno de los parámetros indica que en un 67,42% les gusta las clases dinámicas, seguido de prácticas y la buena memoria para aprender; también se evidenció que los factores que influyen en el rendimiento en menor porcentaje están dados por: situación familiar, autoestima, bullying y discriminación. Una segunda técnica fue la entrevista realizada a los docentes, quienes, a más de los factores citados, ponen de manifiesto que también influyen en el accionar académico: la metodología de enseñanza, los diferentes tipos de aprendizaje, el nivel académico con que ingresan a la universidad, el modelo educativo que ha tenido modificaciones, equivocada elección de la carrera y excesivo uso de redes sociales. Finalmente se propone un bosquejo de un plan de mejora.
Evolución de la recaudación tributaria y gasto público en el Ecuador durante la última década
Authors: Urgilés Urgilés Gladys Primavera , Chávez Urgilés Karen Aracely
Published: May 2019

La recaudación tributaria es un instrumento de política fiscal de vital importancia para un estado, ya que permite el generar los ingresos necesarios que aportan a la consecución de las metas según el plan económico del país. Así también, el gasto público constituye otra herramienta de la política fiscal, que puede incidir en la economía nacional al destinar los recursos obtenidos a diferentes sectores según las priorizaciones. Estos elementos deben ser manejados de manera técnica, para evitar que un país obtenga resultados fiscales negativos consecutivos, lo que le causaría un desequilibrio y llevaría al sobreendeudamiento público. El presente artículo centró su atención en la recaudación de impuestos de los últimos 10 años del país, analizando cuales fueron los motivos del crecimiento de los ingresos fiscales. Así también, se revisó el gasto público de los años precedentes, con la finalidad de observar su composición y crecimiento respecto del Producto Interno Bruto (PIB), así como también en función de los ingresos públicos. Como parte del análisis efectuado, se revisaron brevemente las cifras de la deuda pública total, evidenciando su incremento actual. Adicionalmente, se verificó la evolución del presupuesto del gobierno central, para validar el cumplimiento de los objetivos sociales.   Finalmente, se efectuaron conclusiones y recomendaciones sobre la recaudación tributaria y el gasto público, como herramientas de política fiscal, en función de los resultados anuales de los períodos analizados.
Tasa de natalidad y el ingreso como determinantes de la pobreza
Authors: Rosero Barzola Cristian Xavier , Palacios Juan León
Published: May 2019

La reducción de la pobreza significa un gran desafío para todos los países a nivel mundial. Por ello, el objetivo del presente artículo es analizar cómo se pueden clasificar  a los  países según  su  grado de  pobreza a  través de  cuatro  variables independientes: tasa de natalidad, tasa de mortalidad, PIB per cápita y PNB per cápita, basados en el modelo Maltusiano de población. La clasificación original se realizó de acuerdo con el Método Atlas del Banco Mundial de 2013, en el cual basado en su PNB per cápita se clasifican entre países ricos o pobres. Desde aquella clasificación se implementa un análisis discriminante con la finalidad de identificar las características que diferencian a cada grupo para poder encasillarlos adecuadamente en países ricos o pobres. El modelo resulta robusto indicando una correlación positiva entre tasa de natalidad y pobreza mientras que con el PIB y PNB per cápita la correlación es negativa.
Innovación y desarrollo territorial: caso de estudio Cantón Huaca Provincia del Carchi
Authors: Miranda  Realpe Jorge Humberto , Pérez Quiroz Roberth Patricio , Chuquín Yépez Hétor Guillermo
Published: May 2019

Innovar es un término ampliamente utilizado y aplicado en diferentes campos no solo del conocimiento, sino  empresarial  sea  este  público  o  privado,  lo  que  ha  permitido  mejorar productos,  servicios, ampliación de procesos productivos, cambio en la organización y gestión. El presente artículo hace un análisis de la innovación y diferentes concepciones epistemológicas, relación de la misma con el desarrollo territorial; se caracteriza a los territorios innovadores desde enfoques económico, social, cultural de acuerdo con un entorno que busca el buen vivir. Se continúa con el estudio de factores de impulso en la construcción de territorios innovadores y se termina con una presentación de análisis de un caso de Estudio del Cantón Huaca en la Provincia del Carchi.
Estrategia de negocio para un emprendimiento en el sector alimenticio orgánico
Authors: Lalama Franco Roma , Olivero Félix , Zambrano Mónica , Valdano Cabezas Giovanni
Published: May 2019

El consumo de alimentos denominados chatarra es muy común en la población de países como Ecuador, que tiene altos índices de personas con sobrepeso y otras asociadas a la mala alimentación, debido principalmente a los malos hábitos adquiridos desde la infancia. Esta investigación busca presentar una alternativa para mejorar el consumo de las personas basados en emprendimientos en productos orgánicos, los cuales están libres de preservantes y colorantes. La investigación es de tipo explicativa y transversal, desarrollada durante el segundo trimestre del año 2015. El método cuantitativo se apoyó en la estadística para concluir que las personas tienen muy bajo de nivel de consumo de alimentos orgánicos, pero que están dispuestos a adquirirlos, incluso pagando un precio mayor al de los productos tradicionales, ya que conocen los beneficios que éstos aportan al ser humano. Se concluye que la estrategia es comercializar productos orgánicos de producción nacional como chocolates, mermeladas, maní, frutos secos, en una zona densamente poblada del norte de la ciudad de Guayaquil, y cuenta para ello con proveedores certificados. Estos productos fácilmente pueden reemplazar los tradicionales "snacks" consumidos diariamente por la población de estudiantes, lo que permitirá transformar el mercado en Ecuador.
Facility for Customizing Transaction Forms on Master Data Using an Online Accounting System Web For Work Efficiency Company
Authors: Sudaryono Sudaryono , Sunarya Lusyani , Maulani Giandari
Published: May 2019

In the online accounting system based on a website that is very sophisticated and growing, complete facilities are certainly needed to support the smoothness and ease of accountants to apply to a company's finance. as in most other list facilities in the online accounting data master system is very influential in the ease of application consists of several features such as managing tax, warehouse list, changing product units, and terms and method of payment of the transaction itself. as an example of this tax regulating feature, it is very important, because it serves to direct and display a list of the types of taxes that the company uses for sales transactions to customers or purchases to company suppliers. then for the warehouse list is also important with other features in the master data facility that is to monitor warehouses or can be referred to as the branch of the company that you noted in your company's online accounting. To change product units can make it easier to describe the number of products available in the company, such as dozen samples, packages, boards, fruits, and pcs. the terms and method of payment in this menu function to create new and display the payment methods used by your company to your suppliers when making transactions. So, with the facilities in the master data can facilitate and provide work efficiency in shortening the flow and process on the features available in the master data facility.

 

Keywords​: ​Master Data, Register Warehouse, Change Products, and Payment Method​.
Trombositosis: Faktor Risiko Peningkatan Aterosklerosis pada Perokok Pasif di Kecamatan Pahandut Kota Palangka Raya
Authors: Ardina Rinny
Published: May 2019

Passive smokers that exposure to cigarette smoke in their house has been reached 78,4%. Inhaled of cigarette smoke in the room was more dangerous than in an open place. Every puff of cigarette smoke from active smoker contains 1015 of free radicals which can cause oxidative stress. The presence of free radicals will trigger of activation of inflammatory genes, and then they can be activated of endothelial cells, dysfunction, and injury. Oxidative stress also stimulates large production of platelet (thrombogenesis) and followed by excessive formation of fibrin and thrombin. So that can cause thrombus in endothelial tissue, and it subsequently develops into atherosclerosis. This study aimed to describe thrombocytosis as a risk factor for increased of atherosclerosis in passive smokers in Kecamatan Pahandut, Kota Palangka Raya. This study used a descriptive observational method with a cross-sectional design. The sample obtained by 45 people with purposive sampling technique with criteria such as respondents were passive smokers, housewives, exposed to cigarette smoke more than five years, no history of the disease, and willing to become respondents. Examination of platelet counts was analyzed by an automatic method using Hematology Analyzer. The results showed that 6.7% of passive smokers had high platelet counts (thrombocytosis). High platelet counts in 6.7% of passive smokers caused by exposure of cigarette smoke from active smokers can endanger passive smoking, especially the risk of atherosclerosis. Therefore, a preventive and educative method for both passive and active smokers are needed to prevent the dangers of cigarette smoke to the risk of atherosclerosis
Tipologi Hukum di Indonesia (Melihat Penggunaan Hukum Prosedural Pada Sistem Peradilan Pidana)
Authors: Sahabuddin S
Published: May 2019

Autonomous legal typology which is still very lumpy tasted in order of life laws in Indonesia highlighted on legal activities conducted by the Organization/institution of the law by revealing the face of the legitimate. Pay close attention to the patterns of law enforcement carried out by the institution of law criminal justice system in Indonesia, reflected the application of one law of the intermediate gradations, typology, namely patterns of law enforcement procedural indeed characterizes and autonomous legal power (autonomous law). It is important to note how this autonomous legal typology in its characteristics and how it gives the autonomous law implications against the institution of law criminal justice system in Indonesia in ethos and style of work.
Kebijakan Nonpenal oleh Badan Narkotika Nasional Provinsi Jambi terhadap Penyalahguna Narkotika
Authors: Iswanto Reza
Published: May 2019

Narcotics abuse is increasing now and many victims have fallen victim to drug abuse. Therefore, the role of the National Narcotics Board of Jambi Province is needed in overcoming the level of narcotics abuse. In conducting nonpenal policy, the National Narcotics Board of Jambi Province only conducts socialization in schools and rehabilitation only accommodates 10 drug abusers. Thus, the solution in using the nonpenal policy is the National Narcotics Board of Jambi Province should increase the socialization, make the communities of ex-narcotics abusers who have recovered to be guides against new drug abuse entrants into rehabilitation, should work together with the police to conduct raids , using the role of mass media in providing news about the dangers of drug abuse and the National Narcotics Board of Jambi Province should provide rehabilitation center for narcotics abusers. To get the solution, then used the approach of sociology of law by giving priority to primary data conducted by interview and located in National Narcotics Agency of Jambi Province.
Role of vitamin C in gastric cancer
Authors: Vidyadhar Takalkar U
Published: May 2019

Gastric cancer is a multifactorial disease with complex interplay of environmental and genetic factors. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infestation has been identified as the most important etiological agent in the pathogenesis of gastric cancer. Also, the role of dietary factors that is low consumption of fruits and vegetables have been found to be associated with gastric cancer. Among the dietary factors, antioxidants especially vitamin C has been found to confer the strongest protection against gastric cancer. Its anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic action has been suggested in vitro. Because of its antioxidant activity, it protects cells against oxidative DNA damage caused by toxic effects of reactive oxygen species. It also inhibits production of carcinogenic N-nitroso compound in the stomach.

The person with H. pylori infection has low levels of vitamin C in their gastric juice and levels of vitamin C normalizes on eradication of H. pylori. Vitamin C levels are high in gastric mucosa and gastric juice, sometimes more than that of in plasma. But gastric pathological conditions cause lowered secretion of vitamin C into gastric juice. Effect of H. pylori on vitamin C in gastric juice is reversible and on eradication of H. pylori, it returns to normal level. Hence, eradication of H. pylori and chemoprevention with antioxidant supplementation will be an effective preventive strategy to reduce the incidence of gastric cancer and related mortality. Vitamin C and gastric cancer is an area of potential interest for researchers as a preventive measure.

Keywords: Vitamin C, H. pylori, gastric cancer.
REFLECTIONS ON EDUCATIONAL EFFECTS IN THE AGE OF CRISES
Authors: Kowalski Mirosław
Published: May 2019

The beginning of the XXI century can be considered as the decade of “everything”. A crisis, by its own nature, causes destabilization in various areas of social and cultural functioning as it affects the entire system without bypassing any function or structure. As a consequence, the weaknesses of a given socio-cultural system are revealed, all the while pointing towards a need for change. The process in question also applies to education which is responsible for creating the appropriate environment and conditions for human learning in a given cultural-economic context. Therefore, a person - along with his surroundings creates a specific system - in which he becomes sensitive to changes in a sociocultural context both on the macro-, exo- and micro-level. Bearing in mind the assumptions of psycho-pedagogical and educational concepts, the individual along with the systems he creates is subjected to environmental influences not just directly - through entering specific interpersonal interactions, but also indirectly - through the influence exerted by its products
“I’m a renal transplant coordinator”
Authors: Burns Tania , McGovern Anna , Van Hardeveld Emma , Haynes Julie , Reynolds Julie , Dole Kerry , Pickering Kim , Robertson Paul , Isard Tarryn
Published: May 2019

The advance of renal replacement therapy options for people with end-stage kidney disease has given rise to the development of specialist renal nurses including the renal transplant coordinator. The renal transplant coordinator role requires a high level of specialist knowledge in renal and transplantation nursing plus a commitment to following through with people in the long term. To find out just what renal transplant coordinators in Australia do, an interview was conducted with renal transplant coordinators from each Australian state and territory. Their stories relate to transplanting units; referring centres; and, adult, paediatric, state-wide and national renal services. They demonstrate the diversity that exists within the role of the renal transplant coordinator.
Risk and Exposure of Musculoskeletal Disorders among Dental Surgeons Working in Dhaka City
Authors: Sultana Nihar , Mian Md Anower Hussain , Rubby Md Golam
Published: May 2019

Background: Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are the most important occupational health problems particularly in dental professionals. Dentists are among the workers who are more often susceptible to this disorder, as because their work includes risk factors that may lead to this disorder. The study aims to determine the prevalence of MSDs among dental surgeons , also the risk and exposure of this disorder by assessing job postures and the correlation between them.

Methods : This cross sectional study was conducted among purposively selected 86 dental surgeons working in eight different tertiary level public and private hospitals in Dhaka city. A structured questionnaire was used for data collection, where Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire(NMQ) used which records the prevalence of MSDs in terms of musculoskeletal symptoms and to assess the risk and exposure of MSDs, Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) score sheet, Quick Exposure Check (QEC) have been used respectively by 10- 15 minutes observing each study subject during different dental operating procedures. After data collection analysis of data was performed by using SPSS software (Version 22).

Results : More than 63 % and 47 % of the participants reported pain and discomfort in at least one body region in the last 12 months and the last 7 days respectively. The major affected part was neck, followed by lower back, shoulders and hands / wrists. In different field of specialization among the study subjects musculoskeletal symptoms were highest in oral and maxillofacial surgeons followed by general practitioners, orthodontists, endodontists, prosthodontists. The exposure assessment (QEC) showed that a small percentage (22.1%) have acceptable exposure, where 30.2%, 47.7% had medium exposure and high exposure respectively. Whereas the risk assessment (REBA) showed that 59.3% of the participants were in medium risk group that necessitates further investigation and needs to implement change. Pearson’s correlation test indicated that there is a strong positive correlation between the current exposure and the risk (r = 0.832) and the relationship between exposure and risk of MSDs was found to be highly significant as p < 0.01. Highly significant association found between risk level according to REBA score and the exposure level according to QEC score with MSDs ( as p value < .01).

Conclusion: This study concludes that high prevalence of MSDs and high risk levels as well as exposure levels according to REBA and QEC, suggest inappropriate and incorrect ergonomic postural habits existing among the dental surgeons which necessitates further investigation and attention on this issue to combat with this disorder among dental professionals.

Update Dent. Coll. j: 2019; 9 (1): 3-7
Classification and analysis of guild merchants using smokeless tobacco in Chabahar, Iran, based on the transtheoretical model
Authors: Mahmoodabad Sayed Saeed Mazloomy , Zareban Iraj , Zadeh Mohammad Hossein Fallah , Jadgal Mohammad Saeed
Published: May 2019

Introduction: The use of all types of smokeless tobacco poses a serious risk to the health of community members. The present study was conducted to classify the guild merchants using smokeless tobacco in Chabahar, Iran, based on the Trans-Theoretical Model (TTM) and then analyze the relationships between the examined variables based on the constructs of this model.

Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 320 merchants working in different guilds in Chabahar in 2018, who were selected through simple random sampling. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire with a demographic and background information section, behavioral items and items on the constructs of the transtheoretical model, and was used after its validity and reliability were confirmed. Data were analyzed in SPSS software using statistical tests such as mean and SD, the Chi-square test, the ANOVA and Tukey’s test.

Findings: Most of the participants in the study were in the age group of 20-30 years (69%). Hairdressers and textile stores (19%) were the largest and hotel and restaurant businesses (2%) the smallest trade guilds in this study. Most people in the study consumed Gutkha (24%). A total of 85% of the subjects were in the precontemplation stage, 12.5% in the contemplation stage and 2.5% in the preparation stage, and the stages of change had a significant difference with constructs including counter-conditioning, self-liberation, decisional balance and temptation to use tobacco (P<0.05).

Conclusion: Since most merchants were in the precontemplation stage, and given their age and the proven harms of smokeless tobacco, interventions to encourage these people to quit tobacco consumption using the TTM constructs are necessary.

Update Dent. Coll. j: 2019; 9 (1): 16-22
ANALISIS PERTANYAAN BACAAN DALAM BUKU TEKS BAHASA INDONESIA JENJANG SMP
Authors: Yuniarti Nia , Arifin M. , Utomo Padi
Published: May 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan pertanyaan bacaan yang terdapat di dalam buku teks Bahasa Indonesia jenjang SMP menggunakan dimensi kognitif Taksonomi Bloom dan berdasarkan ciri pertanyaan yang baik. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deksriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) Pertanyaan bacaan yang terdapat di dalam buku teks bahasa Indonesia jenjang SMP pada tingkat kognitif memahami (C2) mendominasi dengan proporsi persentase yang jauh lebih besar dibandingkan tingkat kognitif lainnya. Kemudian, hasil tersebut belum memenuhi proporsi soal yang baik, yaitu 30% untuk C1 dan C2, 40% untuk C3 dan C4, 30% untuk C5 dan C6. (2) Pertanyaan bacaan yang terdapat di dalam buku teks bahasa Indonesia jenjang SMP masih ada kategori yang belum memenuhi ciri pertanyaan yang baik yaitu terdapat di dalam ciri nomor (3) Pertanyaan hanya untuk satu masalah, nomor (5) Jawaban bukan sekadar ya atau tidak. Kata kunci: Pertanyaan bacaan.
PROSA DAN PUISI RAKYAT SUKU REJANG KECAMATAN MUARA KEMUMU KABUPATEN KEPAHIANG
Authors: Hartono Rudi , Sarwono Sarwit , Purwadi Agus Joko
Published: May 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengelompokkan prosa dan puisi rakyat yang ada di Kecamatan Muara Kemumu Kabupaten Kepahiang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan, yaitu metode etnografi. Data dalam penelitian ini berupa prosa dan puisi rakyat suku Rejang Kecamatan Muara Kemumu Kabupaten Kepahiang. Data dianalisis mengikuti prinsip alih ide dengan bukan menerjemahkan kata demi kata. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat tujuh prosa rakyat dan 13 puisi rakyat di Kecamatan Muara Kemumu Kabupaten Kepahiang. Prosa rakyat yang terdapat di Kecamatan Muara Kemumu yaitu: (1) Asal Mula Batu Kalung, (2) Hantu WakWir, (3) Benuang Sakti, (4) Bloloi, (5) Asal Usul Rejang Pat Petulai, (6) Asal Usul Buah Jagung, (7) Kancil Ingkar Janji. Puisi rakyat yang terdapat di Kecamatan Muara Kemumu adalah berupa: pantun, ungkapan tradisional (peribahasa), dan mantera yang telah penulis kelompokkan sesuai panduan Danadjaja.                             Kata kunci: Prosa, puisi rakyat, suku Rejang, Kepahiang.
THE STUDY OF THE USE OF POPULAR NOVELS TO IMPROVE READING INTEREST AND ENGLISH PROFICIENCY
Authors: Rachmijati Cynantia , Anggraeni Anita
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe aim of the study "The study of the use of popular novels to improve reading interest and English proficiency" is to find out how teachers, parents and students views on popular novels especially KKPK and Teen Lit novels. KKPK and Teen-Lit novels are easily available anywhere and favored by children and adolescents are interesting topic to study The research method is descriptive qualitative. The results show that the novels have many positive impacts. In terms of language, help to develop language and vocabulary. In terms of emotions, help to develop emotional intelligence. In terms of English, help students to learn the structure of sentences and apply them in social media. To increase reading interest, any subject of reading will be better for students while performed it regularly with parents or teachers, without any disruption such as gadgets or television.    Keywords: KKPK, teen-lit,novels, reading interest, English proficiency
LANGUAGE STYLE OF HUMOR ON STAND-UP COMEDY VIDEO
Authors: Rullyanti Merry , Nurdianto Nurdianto
Published: May 2019

This research explained about language styles which used in stand-up comedy script brought by Chris Rock. Chris Rock owns famous joke material that is affected by the black comedy pioneers like Richard Pryor and Redd. He attacked the subject of much avoided by comics such as politics, race and celebrity. Openness and honesty witch extremely bold that what makes Chris Rock as one of the most successful and a famous comic in modern comedy. Chris Rock is known for his insulting comedian, he is also known for using satire and surreal in his joke. Language style has several functions in its uses. Stand up comedy brought by Chris Rock is usually shows about the different in human right between black and white skin.Based on the description above, the researcher decided to research language style in stand-up comedy brought by Chris Rock. In this research the researcher uses Keraf (2007) to analyze the language styles. This research is a qualitative descriptive research. This research source of data is stand-up comedy script with tittle “kill the messenger” brought by Chris Rock. Based on research, there are 2 language styles used in “kill the messenger”, there are 10 rhetorical language styles and 17 figurative language styles. Based on the data, hyperbole rhetorical language style is dominantly used in “kill the messenger”. And Epithet figurative language is dominantly used too.The reason is because Chris Rock is still try to persuade the white skin American to be humble to black skin American and must respect to each other. Keywords: Language Styles, Humor, Stand-Up Comedy
GRAMMATICAL COHESION IN THAI CAVE RESCUE NEWS IN INTERNATIONAL NEWSPAPERS
Authors: Tambunan Rika Wahyuni , Hanafiah Ridwan , Mono Umar
Published: May 2019

This research aimed to identify the types of grammatical cohesion, as well as to describe the realizations of grammatical cohesion used in international newspapers. The data of this research were clauses, phrases, and words. This study departed from the theory of grammatical cohesion from Halliday & Hasan (1976) and the theory of conjunctive system by Halliday & Matthiesen (2014). The sources of data were Thai Cave Rescue news in British Broadcasting Corporation, Russia Today, France 24, Voice of America and China Central Television newspapers. The method used in this research was qualitative. It provided the types that reference (43%) was predominant with personal and comparative reference, was realized by anaphoric and cataphoric. Conjunction (42%) with the additive, temporal, adversative, matter, clarifying, conditional, varying and cause conjunction, was realized by the conjunctive system. Substitution (10%) with nominal and verbal substitution was realized by replacing one item by another. Ellipsis (5%) with clausal and nominal ellipsis, was realized by eluding a noun, verb or clause and recovering it by referring to an element in the preceding text. The finding revealed that the news texts seldom use other types of the grammatical cohesion especially the use of ellipsis and substitution which were possible to be used in writing because most researchers stated that both ellipsis and substitution were commonly found in speaking.Keywords:grammatical cohesion, Thai cave rescue news, international newspaper
Pengaruh Kedalaman terhadap Perkembangan Rumput Laut Kotoni Hasil Kultur Jaringan
Authors: Runtuboy Nico , Abadi Slamet
Published: May 2019

Biotrop Bogor berhasil melakukan kultur jaringan bibit rumput laut Kotoni (Kappaphycus alvarezii) hingga skala laboratorium.Perkembangan hingga produksi masal telahberhasil dilakukan oleh BBPBL Lampung. Sebagai komoditas baru, perlu dilakukan uji coba pendahuluan. Salah satu yang telah dilakukan adalah melakukan uji coba pada tahun 2014 untuk mengetahui kedalaman terbaik terhadap perkembangan bibit rumput laut hasil kultur jaringan. Uji coba dilakukan selama VI minggu dengan menggunakan berat awal bibit yang sama yaitu 75 gram pada tiga tingkatan kedalaman perairanberbeda: 10 cm, 30 dan 50 cm. Parameter yang diamati meliputi, perkembangan tanaman, dan sintasan. Hasil pengamatan perkembangan tanaman pada kedalaman 10 cm dari minggu pertama sampai minggu ke VI berat awal 75 gr, 115,80 gr, 157,40 gr, 216,00 gr,303,00 gr, 341,00 gr dan 375,00 gr. Kedalaman 30 cm berat awal 75 gr, 118,60 gr,139,80 gr, 199,00 gr, 254 gr 293 gr dan 304 gr. Kadalaman 50 cm: berat awal 75 gr, 96,6 gr, 122,4 gr, 159 gr,207 gr, 250 gr dan 260,8 gr. Sintasan (SR) pada kedalaman 10 cm dari minggu pertama hingga minggu keempat 100 % dan pada minggu ke lima dan keenam masing-masing 98 %. SR pada kedalaman 30 cm dari minggu pertama hingga keempat 100 % dan minggu kelima dan keenam 96 %. Dan SR pada kedalaman 50 cm dari minggu pertama hingga minggu ke empat 100 % dan pada minggu ke lima 94 % dan 92 %. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan, melakukan kegiatan produksi dapat melakukan penanaman pada kedalaman antara 10 hingga 30 cm.
Students’ Perception on the Discovery Learning Strategy on Learning Reading Comprehension at the English Teaching Study Program Christian University of Indonesia
Authors: Tampubolon Daniel
Published: May 2019

Abstract The main objectives of this study are to discover and examine the students’ perception on the use of discovery learning strategy on reading comprehension and to see whether the students are interested in using discovery learning strategy on improving their reading comprehension. This study is a survey research. This study was conducted to all students of the English Teaching Study Program (ETSP), Christian University of Indonesia. To achieve the objectives, data were collected using questionnaire and interviews. The data was analyzed descriptively through Microsoft Excel 2007. Based on the data analysis, it can be concluded that the majority of students agreed that discovery learning strategy can enhance their reading comprehension and they want this strategy implemented in their reading class. Furthermore, they were interested on learning or improving reading comprehension through discovery learning strategy.

Keywords: reading comprehension, discovery learning strategy, perception
Improving the Eleventh Graders’s Recount Text Writing through Mind mapping Technique at SMA PSKD 7 Depok
Authors: Alam Angga Putra
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe objective of this research was to improve the eleventh graders’ recount text writing skill. To attain the objective a two-cycled classroom action research was conducted in SMA PSKD 7 Depok. The 28 students of the eleventh graders who participated in this research were taught recount text through mind mapping technique. The quantitative data, collected using tests, were analyzed by using statistical analysis technique. The qualitative data, collected using observation sheets and interview guide, were analyzed by using descriptive analysis technique. The results indicated that the mind mapping technique improved the eleventh graders’ recount text writing skill, as shown by the increase of the mean scores of the tests conducted, i.e. 52,61 (in the pretest) to 70.61 ( post-test of cycle 1) to 80.29 (post-test of cycle 2). Based on the findings, it could be concluded that through implementation of mind mapping technique, students’ recount text writing skill could improve.

Keywords: Mind mapping technique, writing skill, classroom action research
Senior High School Students’ Anxiety towards Language Learning Skills
Authors: Male Hendrikus
Published: May 2019

AbstractThis study merely aims to investigate Senior High School Students’ language anxiety and also to find out what class obtains the most dominant language anxiety. The respondents were administered a set of questionnaire and interview which was adapted from Muhaisen and Al-Haq (2012) The result of data analysis showed that the most dominant of the students’ anxiety were found in speaking followed by reading, writing and listening in their language learning process. It is highly recommended that the teachers be more creative in making the class atmosphere to be more fun and relaxing in teaching the language skills so that the students are more encouraged to learn the language.Keywords: language anxiety, senior high school students, language learning process
The Effect of Using Contextual Teaching and Learning to Eighth Graders’ Reading Comprehension at SMP 3 PSKD Jakarta
Authors: Sianipar Fransisca Lafayette
Published: May 2019

AbstractThis research was an experimental research. It aimed to investigate the effect of using ContextualTeaching and Learning method on students’ reading comprehension to the eighth graders at SMP3 PSKD Jakarta. To meet the aim, this research was conducted in two classes. Each classconsisted of 30 students. The experimental group (VIII A) was taught using CTL method andcontrol group (VIII B) was taught using drilling method. The classes were held twice a week andthe research was conducted over a period of one months. Pre-test and post-test were employed tocollect data. Both the pre-test and the post-test were administered in the two groups. The datawere analyzed using SPSS version 19.0 software. These data analysis were applied for analyzingthe data obtained from four sets of tests. Data analysis showed that there is a significant effect ofusing Contextual Teaching and Learning Method toward students’ reading comprehension. It canbe seen through the mean scores of post-test in the experimental group is 16.10 and the meanscore of post-test in the control group is 15.95. Based on the result it can be said that ContextualTeaching and Learning significantly affected the eighth graders’ reading comprehension at SMP3 PSKD Jakarta.Keywords: experimental research, contextual teaching and learning, reading comprehension
Students’ Perception on the Role of English Day Program in Speaking Skill Development
Authors: Sinaga Octovany
Published: May 2019

This study aims to investigate students’ perceptions of English Day Program in speaking skill development. To achieve the objective, a questionnaire and interview were administered to collect the perception of 35 eight graders of SMPK Penabur Kota Wisata, Bogor. The quantitative data collected by the questionnaire and the qualitative data obtained from the interview were analyzed employing the descriptive analysis technique. The results showed that students' motivation to master English speaking was very high, and they expected the English Day Program would help them develop English speaking. However, only slightly more a half of them were enthusiastic to join English Day Program due to its previous poor implementation.
Interference of Compensatory Strategies in Oral Production of English Language Student in an ESL Classroom: Does Compensatory Strategy Play a Role in Academic Performance?
Authors: Rubis Novalyn M. , Dumlao Remart
Published: May 2019

The study aims to identify the compensatory strategies predominantly used by fifty-four ESL High school student, its relation to language proficiency level in terms of accuracy, fluency, and comprehensibility and to its role in academic performance of the participants. Two oral task namely oral interview and pictured-cued narration were used as primary source of data. The picture-cued narration was applied to determine the oral language proficiency level and compensatory strategies of the participants. Finding shows the eight compensatory strategies were employed in their production, namely, switching to mother tongue, getting help, using mime, selecting the topic, adjusting the message, coining words, avoiding communication partially and totally, and using circumlocution or synonyms. It was also found out that switching to mother tongue was predominantly employed in their oral production. There is, however, negative relationship between compensatory strategies used and academic performance of ESL learners. Pedagogical implications are discussed discussed in the paper.

Keywords: communicative competence, compensatory strategies, language classroom, oral production
The Principles and the Teaching of English Vocabulary: A Review
Authors: Dakhi Saniago , Fitria Tira Nur
Published: May 2019

The importance of vocabulary, its types, selection criteria, size and depth, and teaching principles were found unclear. The present article seeks to respond to such challenge. To achieve the mentioned goals, we did a systematic review to previously related studies and theories. The results showed that the vocabulary was found to be more functional as a basis for communication, a reflection of social reality, emotion booster, and academic ability predictor. It also revealed that its contribution to the basic language skills varied. Finally, the principles of teaching vocabulary, size and depth, and teaching and learning vocabulary materials (TLVMs) appeared to be associated with student’s vocabulary mastery.

Keywords: vocabulary teaching; principles; vocabulary importance; breadth and depth