bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimizing In-Store Logistics: How AI Enhances Inventory Management and Space Utilization
Authors: Boussalham Khaoula , Ejjami Rachid
Published: November 2024

This integrative literature review looks at the revolutionary impact of artificial intelligence (AI) in optimizing in-store logistics to assist retail managers and technology decision-makers in using AI to improve inventory management, spatial organization, and customer experience. Based on six core concepts—AI-driven demand forecasting, automated inventory replenishment, space utilization optimization, adaptive store layout design, operational efficiency, and customer satisfaction—the study's conceptual framework emphasizes AI's strategic value and the factors driving its adoption in retail logistics. The review uses rigorous criteria and systematic analysis of peer-reviewed articles, industry reports, and case studies to identify significant topics such as AI-enhanced demand forecasting, automated restocking, responsive shop layouts, data protection, and the changing responsibilities of retail staff. The paper advocates for balanced AI integration, integrating technology breakthroughs with human control and appropriate data management. Future research proposals include investigating AI's long-term implications, doing comparative assessments across retail forms, and developing frameworks for ethical data usage. These will all provide foundational insights for constructing sustainable, sophisticated retail environments that align with global development goals.
Quantum Computing: Revolutionizing Information Technology
Authors: Jagtap Alakh
Published: November 2024

Quantum computing represents a monumental leap in computational technology, leveraging the principles of quantum mechanics to solve complex problems at unprecedented speeds. Unlike classical computers, which rely on bits as the smallest unit of information, quantum computers utilize qubits that can exist in multiple states simultaneously, enabling them to perform many calculations at once. This paper delves into the foundational concepts of quantum computing, including superposition, entanglement, and quantum gates, and explores its potential applications across various domains, such as cryptography, drug discovery, optimization problems, and artificial intelligence. We will discuss current advancements in quantum technology, high-lighting key breakthroughs and the progress made by leading research institutions and companies. Furthermore, this paper addresses the significant challenges that quantum computing faces, including error rates, qubit coherence, and scalability, which hinder its widespread adoption. By examining these facets, we aim to provide a comprehensive overview of how quantum computing could transform various fields and the hurdles that must be overcome to realize its full potential, ultimately suggesting future directions for research and development in this revolutionary area of technology.
Efectos de la Contaminación Plástica en los Ecosistemas Marinos: Un Análisis Actualizado
Authors: Mieles-Giler Jorge Washington
Published: November 2024

Plastic pollution in the oceans represents a significant threat to marine biodiversity and coastal ecosystems. This study analyzes the effects of microplastics and plastic debris, focusing on their impact on species at different trophic levels and ecosystem health. Through a comprehensive review of scientific literature from databases such as Scopus and Web of Science, recent research on the toxicological consequences of plastics and possible solutions were selected. The results show that microplastics are ingested by a wide variety of organisms, causing digestive blockages, cell damage and reproductive alterations, as well as serving as vectors of chemical contaminants. Although current policies have been successful in reducing the use of single-use plastics, the lack of adequate recycling and composting infrastructure limits the effectiveness of these measures. The study concludes that coordinated global action, with emphasis on the transition to a circular economy and the development of innovative technologies, is required to mitigate the devastating impacts of plastic pollution in the oceans.
Impacto del Cambio Climático en los Ecosistemas Forestales: Un Análisis Exploratorio
Authors: Tipan-Torres Cristhian
Published: November 2024

Este artículo examina el impacto del cambio climático en los ecosistemas forestales, destacando las principales alteraciones causadas por el incremento de fenómenos climáticos extremos, como el aumento de la temperatura y la variación en los patrones de precipitación. El objetivo principal del estudio es identificar los riesgos que enfrenta la biodiversidad forestal y proponer estrategias adaptativas para mitigar estos efectos. La metodología se basa en una revisión bibliográfica cualitativa, utilizando fuentes científicas que analizan la relación entre el cambio climático y la resiliencia forestal. Los resultados muestran que el cambio climático afecta tanto la estructura como la funcionalidad de los ecosistemas, reduciendo la capacidad de los bosques para actuar como sumideros de carbono y aumentando la mortalidad de especies endémicas. Además, se evidencia que la fragmentación de hábitats y las alteraciones en las interacciones ecológicas agravan la situación. La discusión sugiere que el manejo forestal adaptativo y la creación de áreas protegidas son claves para mejorar la resiliencia de los bosques. En conclusión, la implementación de políticas globales de reducción de emisiones, junto con la gestión forestal sostenible, es crucial para mitigar los impactos negativos del cambio climático en los ecosistemas forestales
Innovaciones en Agricultura Sostenible: Un Estudio Exploratorio de las Nuevas Tendencias
Authors: Viejó-Altamirano Joselin Michell , Caicedo-Aldaz, Julio Cesar
Published: November 2024

The article “Innovations in Sustainable Agriculture: An Exploratory Study of Emerging Trends” addresses the impact of advanced technologies and agroecological practices on agricultural sustainability. The objective is to analyze emerging trends in sustainable agriculture and the factors influencing their adoption. The methodology is based on a comprehensive literature review, examining recent studies on precision agriculture, regenerative agriculture and the use of artificial intelligence and robotics. The results show that, although technologies such as drones and AI have transformed the sector, adoption faces economic barriers, such as high costs and lack of access to financing and training. The discussion highlights the need for inclusive public policies and greater investment in research to overcome these barriers and promote the adoption of sustainable technologies. It is concluded that collaboration between governments, the private sector and academic institutions is essential to accelerate the transition to a more equitable and resilient agriculture.
Estrategias de enseñanza en entornos virtuales: Un análisis crítico de la efectividad educativa
Authors: Ramírez-Solórzano Fátima Lucía
Published: November 2024

The study examines the effectiveness of pedagogical strategies in virtual environments, the use of which increased dramatically during the COVID-19 pandemic. The objective is to identify the most effective practices and provide recommendations for improvement. A qualitative methodology of literature review was used, selecting studies between 2000 and 2023 that addressed educational strategies in virtual environments. The results show that teacher-student interaction is essential, highlighting synchronous and asynchronous modalities to maintain engagement. Personalization of learning, through adaptive platforms and flexible learning paths, facilitates greater performance and autonomy. In addition, the use of interactive technologies, such as gamification and simulations, increases motivation and understanding of complex concepts. It is concluded that, although these strategies improve learning, their effectiveness depends on technological accessibility and teacher training. To optimize virtual environments, continuous and personalized assessments and the promotion of transversal competencies such as self-regulation are required
Ética Contable en la Gestión Pública: Análisis Crítico de la Literatura
Authors: Hurtado-Guevara Richard Fernando , López-Pérez Patricio Javier , Muñoz- Intriago Kenneth Ruben
Published: November 2024

The article critically analyzes accounting ethics in public management, highlighting its relevance in transparency and accountability. The objective is to identify the main ethical challenges faced by accountants in the public sector and to propose recommendations. Methodologically, a literature review focused on recent studies indexed in Scopus and Web of Science was used. The results indicate that public accountants face conflicts of interest, lack of independence and problems in the implementation of international accounting standards, which compromises financial transparency. The discussion highlights the need to strengthen ethics training and internal control mechanisms to improve accountability and reduce corruption. The study concludes that it is essential to strengthen legislation, promote an ethical organizational culture and ensure continuous training in professional values to ensure the correct application of ethical principles in public accounting.
Book review. Horsti, Karina. Survival and Witness at Europe’s Border: The Afterlives of a Disaster.
Authors: Seuferling Philipp
Published: November 2024

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Composable security analysis of linear optics cloning machine improved discretized polar modulation continuous-variable quantum key distribution
Authors: He Ying , Wang Tian-Yi , Li Ying-Ying ,   College of Big Data and Information Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
Published: November 2024

In experimental setups of continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CVQKD) independently modulating the amplitude and phase of coherent states, the ideal Gaussian modulation will be degraded into discretized polar modulation (DPM) due to the finite resolution of the driving voltages of electro-optical modulators. To compensate for the performance degradation induced by the joint effect of amplitude and phase discretization, linear optics cloning machine (LOCM) can be introduced on the receiver side. Implemented by linear optical elements, heterodyne detection and controlled displacement, LOCM introduces extra noise that can be transformed into an advantageous one to combat channel excess noise by dynamically adjusting the relevant parameters into a suitable range. In this paper, the prepare-and-measure version of LOCM DPM-CVQKD is presented, where the incoming signal state enters a tunable LOCM before being measured by the nonideal heterodyne detector. The equivalent entanglement-based model is also established to perform security analysis, where the LOCM is reformulated into combination of the incoming signal state and a thermal state on a beam splitter. The composable secret key rate is derived to investigate the security of LOCM DPM-CVQKD. Simulation results demonstrate that the composable secret key rate and transmission distance are closely related to the tuning gain and the transmittance of LOCM. Once these two parameters are set to appropriate values, LOCM can improve the secret key rate and transmission distance of DPM-CVQKD, as well as its resistance to excess noise. Meanwhile, taking finite-size effect into consideration, the LOCM can also effectively reduce the requirement for the block size of the exchanged signals, which is beneficial to the feasibility and practicability of CVQKD. Owing to the fact that the performance of LOCM DPM-CVQKD is largely reliant on the calibration selection of relevant parameters, further research may concentrate on the optimization of LOCM in experimental implementations, where machine learning related methods may be utilized.
Students' Perceptions of Using ChatGPT for Academic Writing in English
Authors: Launonen Peter , Talalakina Ekaterina , Dubova Galyna
Published: November 2024

This article explores the perceptions of university students on the use of ChatGPT for academic writing in English. Participants (n = 79) are all students on mandatory English-language courses at a university Language Centre in Finland. They are predominantly first-year bachelor’s degree students from various degree programmes in different faculties. Participants’ insights were collected via a survey that was administered to several intact groups during the autumn semester of 2023. The survey collected quantitative and qualitative data which were analysed and discussed in light of students’ developing academic writing skills in English. The study sheds light on students’ specific uses of the AI-driven tool as well as their perceptions of its impact on not only the writing process and product, but also on their own writing skills. The results indicated that students perceived ChatGPT to have above average usability, a finding which was supported and elucidated by students’ free responses concerning ways in which they have used this technology. Conversely, the reasons that some students had not used it included, amongst others, a lack of need, ethical concerns and doubts about its usefulness. Given the continued development and availability of large language models such as ChatGPT, this research has clear implications for all stakeholders in higher education. In particular, by illustrating how students utilise ChatGPT in their academic writing, the study provides university language teachers with the insights needed to ensure that their course outcomes, content and assessments remain reflective of students’ developing knowledge and study practices.
Memetics across Generations
Authors: Hallová Jana
Published: November 2024

The following study focuses on the use of memes on social media, their prevalence in conversation and their usage based on the age of the contributors. The main question it asks is whether the use of memes in computer-mediated discourse is a momentary trend or whether it exhibits signs of continuous language evolution. A quantitative linguistic study is employed to answer this question within the scope of the study. The environment of the study, the social media platform analyzed, is Facebook. The article looks at popular pages on Facebook and user reactions to the posts made by their administrators. It identifies memetic responses among them to observe their prevalence within this digital discourse, then it compares them to the user age data available. Based on the quantitative results, the study shows whether the use of memes rises exponentially the lower the approximate age of the user. The most recent demographic studies of Facebook at the time the study was conducted are employed and compared to the quantitative results to surmise whether the result bears traits of digital language evolution. Within the scope of the study and the selected dataset, it demonstrates the aforementioned traits in younger generations and their prevalence on social media. The article provides an example, and a baseline data analysis, of how meme usage rises with younger generations, as well as insights into usage by older generations and discrepancies in digital language evolution markers.
(Im)politeness as a Strategy in the Discursive Construction of In-Group Solidarity in Discussions about Love, Sex and Relationships on Incels.is
Authors: O'Toole Olga
Published: November 2024

As a discourse community that is formed and maintained mostly online, involuntary celibates (who are typically heterosexual men) have been known to be one of the most obvious groups presenting misogynistic attitudes (Bates 2020). There are various forums where such online users meet to discuss subjects of relevance to them, including Reddit and subreddit threads (r/incels) and websites specifically targeted at the community (such as Incels.is). Although the subject of incel discourses has been addressed from several linguistic perspectives, including the representation of social actors (Heritage & Koller 2020), toxic language in the community (Pelzer et al. 2021), metaphor (Heritage et al. 2023) and the extreme language of misogyny (Bogetić 2022), still relatively little has been written specifically about how the community of practice is formed on the basis of the discursive expression of solidarity. The present paper is an analysis of discussions on the forum Incels.is on the subject of sex and relationships, specifically investigating how both manifestations of misogynist attitudes and discursive strategies of politeness are used to form solidarity between users. The analysis considers that through the employment of positive and negative politeness strategies in an online community, group bonds are made stronger and in-group solidarity is expressed both directly and indirectly. The analysis of politeness strategies showed that positive politeness and negative politeness were both present as face-saving acts and to construct solidarity through the use of sarcasm, kinship claiming, informal language and the negative evaluation of female actors.
Utilising Artificial Intelligence to Bolster and Refine the Production of Formal Letters in English Tailored for Students of Mechanical Engineering
Authors: Pla Ángel Adrián
Published: November 2024

Over the past decade, advancements in technology, notably Artificial Intelligence (AI), have significantly transformed educational methodologies and shifted the existing educational framework. Innovations like OpenAI’s ChatGPT and Gemini have garnered considerable attention, with their groundbreaking features potentially revolutionizing the realm of education, prompting concerns among educators and researchers (Grassini, 2023; Halaweh, 2023). This research endeavours to utilise AI, specifically ChatGPT and Gemini, to bolster and refine formal letter writing and email composition skills among first-cycle undergraduate students enrolled in the English for Engineering module at a Spanish university. Initially, students underwent a pre-test assessing their English proficiency and confidence levels, along with their familiarity with ChatGPT and other AI tools utilised for educational and writing purposes. Subsequently, students engaged in collaborative group tasks using Google Docs within Google Drive. Finally, a post-test was administered to gauge students' perceptions regarding their experience with English for Specific Purposes, particularly English for Mechanical Engineering, and their utilisation of ChatGPT and other AI tools for educational and writing purposes. Findings indicate that integrating AI can enhance students' grasp of written language accuracy in formal letter writing, particularly in inquiries, quotations, and complaint letters, facilitating better organisation and structure in their written correspondence in terms of style, accuracy, and communicative efficacy. This study suggests that investigations like the one presented here enable educators to explore the incorporation of AI, specifically ChatGPT and Gemini, to enrich students' writing proficiency, foster creativity, and cultivate technological aptitude within the classroom setting.
Authorship Analysis, Social Networks and Catalan
Authors: Cremades Elga
Published: November 2024

This paper presents data that can help determine whether factors such as gender or age can become significant in authorship analysis through X in Catalan. Considering the principles of forensic linguistics (in particular, authorship analysis and idiolectal style), 500 publications have been analyzed from a stylistic point of view, focusing on three discursive aspects: specific features of X, pragmatic variables and stylistic variables. Contrary to what some authors have found for English X users (Cicres, 2015), the paper shows that, in Catalan, emoticons, exclamations or letter multiplication are not distinctive features for gender or age. However, elements such as the concatenation of hashtags, the use of links, the intensification of first-person subject pronouns, the use of capital letters or the use suspension points can be meaningful for age ¾but not for gender. This paper thus constitutes a first step towards finding truly distinctive elements in the use of X in Catalan, even though more studies, with larger corpora, need to be done to confirm these tendencies.
Management Challenges of Refractory Immune Thrombocytopenia during Pregnancy: A Case Report
Authors: Akshaya R , Rafi Aboobacker Mohammed , Charles Deepak
Published: November 2024

Thrombocytopenia, characterised by a platelet count below 150,000/μL, affects 7-11% of pregnancies for various reasons. Immune Thrombocytopenia (ITP), with platelet counts under 100,000/μL, accounts for 1-4% of pregnancy-related thrombocytopenia cases, particularly in the first and second trimesters. Not all pregnant patients with ITP require treatment, but when necessary, corticosteroids and Intravenous Immunoglobulins (IVIGs) are commonly used. This case reports a 25-year-old pregnant female, G3A2, at 27 weeks of gestation with a history of ITP and hypothyroidism. She presented with severe thrombocytopenia (8,000/ μL) and a history of petechiae and gum bleeding. Initial treatment included corticosteroids, IVIG, and platelet transfusions, leading to fluctuating platelet counts. Due to refractory ITP, advanced treatments such as rituximab and romiplostim were administered. Despite significant challenges, including an episode of epistaxis and the need for intensive monitoring, the patient delivered a healthy baby via normal vaginal delivery at 35 weeks. The newborn required brief respiratory support and phototherapy for jaundice but had stable platelet counts at discharge. This case highlights the complexity of managing refractory ITP during pregnancy, emphasising the need for a multidisciplinary approach and individualised treatment plans to ensure maternal and foetal wellbeing. Continuous vigilance, adaptive strategies, and the use of multidrug therapy were crucial in achieving a successful outcome, underscoring the importance of tailored protocols and emerging therapies in such high-risk pregnancies.
Rapp-Hodgkin Syndrome: A Case Report on its Clinical and Dental Manifestations
Authors: Biswas Anwesha , Dutta Kaushik , Khatua Abhishek , Banerjee Anwesha , Puttanavar Rekha
Published: November 2024

Rapp-Hodgkin Syndrome (RHS) is a rare heterogeneous disorder characterised by ectodermal abnormalities primarily affecting the skin, teeth, eyes, hair and appendages. It is a type of Anhidrotic Ectodermal Dysplasia (AED) associated with clefts of the lip, palate and alveolus. Affected areas include the skin, hair, teeth, mouth, jaws, nails, eyes and ears. The authors present a case of RHS in a 13-year-old male who complained of deformed teeth, reduced sweating and heat intolerance. Clinical findings included sparse, thin hair on the scalp and eyebrows, sparse eyelashes, epiphora, discoloured scaly skin, a deformed pinna, microstomia, trismus, a cleft lip scar, hyponychia and a deficient maxilla. Intraoral examination showed oligodontia and misshapen teeth, along with a depapillated tongue. The patient had previously undergone cleft lip and palate surgery, ankyloblepharon release, adenoid surgery, and ear surgery at a younger age. Radiographically, there was evidence of cleft alveolus, retained deciduous teeth, impacted teeth and oligodontia. Although the patient had a normal karyotype, histopathological examination of the skin showed hyperkeratosis, acanthosis, follicular plugging, and increased pigmentation of the basal cell layer. Considering this amalgamation of signs and symptoms, a diagnosis of RHS was made, which necessitates a multidisciplinary approach for treatment. This patient will require a multidisciplinary approach to address his complaints. The authors reported the present case because it represents a rare type of ectodermal dysplasia, which is important for any physician’s knowledge due to its varied presentations.
Abbe McIndoe Procedure Vs Singapore Flap for Neovaginal Reconstruction in MayerRokitansky-Küster-Hauser Syndrome: A Prospective Interventional Study
Authors: Prasath S Arun , Santharam R , Balasubramanian C
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Congenital uterovaginal agenesis is a condition wherein, although the secondary sexual traits usually develop, the lack of a uterus and vagina leaves the patients unable to conceive and experience sexual fulfillment. A well-done neovaginal repair is essential for enhancing the psychological and social effects on women. Aim: To compare the Abbe McIndoe technique and the Singapore flap, which are frequently used for vaginal reconstruction. Materials and Methods: This prospective interventional study was conducted over three years at the Department of Plastic Surgery, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Center, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India. Twelve patients with MayerRokitansky-Küster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome were included, with six undergoing the Abbe McIndoe procedure and six undergoing the Singapore flap procedure. This study assessed operative time, hospital stay, neovaginal length, complications, mould use, donor site morbidity, and sexual satisfaction. Data were analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26.0, with a p-value of <0.05 considered statistically significant. Results: The mean±SD age of participants was 22.6±4.16 years in both groups. The mean±SD operative time was slightly longer for the Singapore flap (127±8.37 minutes) compared to the Abbe McIndoe procedure (123±13.03 minutes). The Singapore flap group had a more extended hospital stay (11.17±1.32 days vs. 9.17±1.94 days) but achieved a greater mean neovaginal length (9.28±0.25 cm vs. 8.88±0.61 cm). The Singapore flap group experienced fewer complications, with no late complications and only one immediate complication, compared to the Abbe McIndoe group, which had two late and two immediate complications. Mould use was not required in the Singapore flap group, while it was variable in the Abbe McIndoe group. The Singapore flap group had no donor site morbidity compared to four cases in the Abbe McIndoe group. Sexual satisfaction was higher in the Singapore flap group, with five patients reporting ‘good’ outcomes than three in the Abbe McIndoe group. Conclusion: The Singapore flap technique demonstrated superior outcomes in neovaginal reconstruction for MRKH syndrome, with fewer complications, no need for postoperative moulds, no donor site morbidity, and higher sexual satisfaction. These findings suggest that the Singapore flap may be a preferred technique for neovaginal reconstruction in appropriate clinical settings.
Formulation and Evaluation of Weaning Foods Prepared from Multigrain Flour and Powdered Milk
Authors: Shaheen Saheefa , Tabassum Nazia , Khan Rashid Imran Ahmad , Ahmad Sadaf
Published: November 2024

Aims: Children after 6 months need to shift from breast milk to weaning food. The present study aims to develop low cost nutritious weaning foods to fulfil the increased nutritional requirements during this phase of growth.
Study Design:  The present study involved development of three different samples of low cost weaning foods prepared with multigrain flour (combination of rice flour, wheat flour and gram flour in the ratio of 2:1:0.5) mixed with milk powder (5%, 7.5% and 10% of the total flour mixture). Sensory, physicochemical and cost analyses were performed for the samples.
Place and Duration of Study: University Polytechnic (Boys), Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, between January 2016 and July 2016.
Methodology: Sensory evaluation was done on a 9 point hedonic scale after preparing the samples for consumption by adding either water or milk. Physicochemical properties of the developed samples such as moisture content, ash content and protein content were assessed during storage at room temperature (25-32˚C) for 2 months in airtight laminated aluminium film packing material.
Results: In sensory of samples prepared with water, sample 3 was found to be the most preferred sample while in case of samples prepared with milk, sample 1 was found to be the best in sensory quality. All the developed weaning food samples were found to be stable during 50 days of storage. Moisture content, Protein content and Ash content of the samples ranged from 4.84 to 10.38%, 13.23 and 16.29% and 1.22 to 1.54% respectively. Samples with more milk powder showed higher protein content and fat content.
Conclusion: The prepared weaning food samples had comparable physicochemical and sensory characteristics and lower cost than the commercially available weaning foods. They will be helpful in fulfilling the nutritional requirement of the vulnerable sections of society including middle-income groups (MIG) and low-income groups (LIG) consumers and overcoming malnutrition.
Study on Microstructure of Recycled Aggregate Concrete by Scanning Electron Microscopy: A Review
Authors: Lei Yajuan
Published: November 2024

Recycled Aggregate Concrete (RAC) is a new type of concrete made by utilizing waste concrete as aggregate after treatment. With the enhancement of environmental awareness and resource conservation, but the microstructural part of recycled aggregate concrete is not as important as the macro performance enhancement aspect by scholars. And Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) is a powerful tool for microanalysis, which can provide high-resolution images of samples as well as information on surface morphology and microstructure. In this paper, the micro-structure of RAC will be comprehensively analyzed according to the performance characteristics of RAC materials and the relevant analysis technology of SEM. Based on the microscopic technology of SEM, the research progress of the micro-structure of RAC was carried out, and the morphology and distribution characteristics of recycled aggregate particles, pore structure and porosity, the interface combination between recycled aggregate and cement matrix, and the relationship between micro-structure and RAC properties were summarized, which provided theoretical support for the future understanding of the micro-structure of RAC, increased the understanding of the micro-structure of RAC materials, and more systematically understood the application of microscopic analysis methods in RAC.
Soil Loss Estimation and Community Awareness Assessment on Integrated Watershed Management: The Case of Lake Hashenge Watershed, Tigray, Ethiopia
Authors: Tassew Tuemay , Degef Kiflom , Gidey Abadi
Published: November 2024

Ethiopia is recognized as one of the most severely affected regions by soil erosion globally, posing significant threats to its national economy. This study investigates soil loss estimation and community awareness within the framework of integrated watershed management in the Lake Hashenge watershed, Tigray, Ethiopia. The mean annual rainfall and total drainage area of Lake Hashenge watershed is 988.7 mm and 129km2 respectively. Utilizing the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) model, we quantified soil erosion rates and identified critical areas prone to severe soil loss. Our findings indicate significant soil degradation, exacerbated by both natural and anthropogenic factors. The estimated soil loss yield entering Lake Hashenge in the form of sheet and rill erosion was 61.94 tons/ha/year. According to the universal soil loss factsheet, the soil loss estimated in the watershed was categorized as severe, indicating that the lake is in danger. Concurrently, we assessed community awareness and participation in soil conservation practices through surveys and interviews with a multidisciplinary team of researchers. The results reveal a moderate level of awareness and engagement, highlighting the need for enhanced educational and participatory approaches to foster sustainable watershed management. This research underscores the importance of integrating scientific soil loss assessments with community-based integrated watershed management strategies to mitigate soil erosion, protect the lake from sedimentation, and promote environmental sustainability in the region.
Optimizing the Use of Flexible Retort Pouches for Production of Ready to Eat Cobia (Rachycentron canadum) Fish Chunks in Curry Medium
Authors: Tameshwar  , Bojayanaik Manjanaik , Tekade Vyankatesh , Chavan Sachin Dnyanoba , Gundubilli Devika , Banavath Srinu Nayak , Siravati Maga Raju , Shetty Veena
Published: November 2024

Cobia fish chunks in curry medium, a famous North Eastern Indian dish, was developed using Cobia (Rachycentron canadum) fish chunks prepared in a traditional culinary style. The present study was aimed to optimize F0 values for Cobia fish chunks in curry medium using flexible retortable pouches. The product underwent thermal processing at two distinct lethality levels and heat penetration rates, demonstrating equivalent cooling and heating lag effects. The fh values were 15 and 18.5 minutes for the product processed at F0 values of 9.29 and 8.42 minutes, respectively. The total process times were 39.79 and 38.80 minutes, respectively, for the F0 values of 8.42 and 9.29 minutes. Cook values for the processed product were 86.60 minutes for the F0 value of 8.42 minutes and 92.57 minutes for the F0 value of 9.29 minutes. Based on sensory characteristics, the product processed at an F0 value of 8.42 minutes was rated better over a storage period of 90 days.
Nutrients and Antioxidant Composition of Local Condiment “Ogiri” Produced from Different Leguminous Seeds
Authors: A Aniebiet Timothy. , Rimamtsiwe Adi Burba, , M.A Roland-Ayodele , O.I Olanrewaju,
Published: November 2024

‘Ogiri’ refers to a fermented oily paste that is used as soup condiments for its strong smell. Apart from the fact that it’s mostly used in soup preparation because of the strong pungent odour and organoleptic properties, it also impact nutrients to soup. This study investigated the nutrients and antioxidant composition of Ogiri produced from different leguminous seeds. Raw material such as melon (EGU) and sesame (SES) seeds were procured from Oja Oba (Oba Market) in Owo, Ondo State while pumpkin (PUM) and Castor (CAS) seed were purchased at Upper Iweka market, Onitsha Anambra State, Nigeria. The raw materials were processed into ‘Ogiri’ using traditional methods and were subjected to chemical analysis using standard analytical methods.” Data generated were subjected to One-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and means were separated using Duncan Multiple Range Test at 5% level of significance.  Findings shows that the moisture content was significantly (P<0.05) higher in PUM than any other sample. Sample SES was significantly (P<0.05) higher in Ash (10.22g /100g) content, and fibre (11.21g/100g) while EGU was significantly (P<0.05) higher in fat (30.17g/100g) and protein (29.30g/100g). CAS had the highest carbohydrate content (27.58g/100g).Minerals result shows that Na (14.835mg/g), Ca (22.570mg/100g) and Mg (3.351mg/100g) were significantly (P<0.05) higher in sample EGU. Sample SES was significantly higher in K (55.855mg/100g) and Zn (0.308mg/100g), while CAS was significantly lower (P<0.05) in Na (3.45mg/100g), Ca (13.15mg/100g) K, (21.655mg/100g), Zn (0.128mg/100g) and Mg (1.925mg/mg) but has the highest value in P (12,252mg/100g). PUM was significantly higher in Vitamin E (8.270mg/100g), while CAS was significantly higher in vitamin A (7.576UI/g). Sample PUM had the highest Polyphenol and Terpenoid content (106.82mg/g and 1.37mg/g respectively) while sample SES had the highest steroid content (0.92mg/g). In conclusion, this study revealed that the nutrients and antioxidant properties of the “Ogiri” samples vary proportionately. The results can guide farmers, processors, and consumers in making informed decisions regarding seed selection and Ogiri preparation.
Organic Farming in India: A Dual Strategy for Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation
Authors: V.G Venkatesan , Indianraj N. , Muhilan G. , Naveen N. , Karthikeyan M.
Published: November 2024

Recent decades have transformed Indian agriculture from traditional methods to a mechanized system reliant on fossil fuels, chemical fertilizers, and pesticides, increasing greenhouse gas emissions and impacting global climate. Higher greenhouse gas levels, including carbon dioxide, methane, and ozone are likely, causing the observed rise in air temperatures and leading to significant climate shifts. In most subtropical regions, a 4°C rise in global temperatures is anticipated to reduce groundwater and surface water, heightening food demand and threatening global food security. Climate change denotes long-term, significant alterations in climate measurements. A production system that maintains the health of ecosystems, soils, and human populations is known as organic farming (IFOAM 2006). Organic farming is energy-efficient and reduces greenhouse gas emissions by minimizing chemical and fossil fuel use, while enhancing soil carbon, biodiversity and fertility. It reuses plant and animal waste to restore soil nutrients, relies on renewable resources and supports sustainable, low-pollution management. Organic farming not only helps to mitigate climate change but also provides lasting benefits as an adaptation strategy. Effective nutrient management and carbon sequestration in soils are crucial for adapting and mitigating climate change across diverse temperature zones and local conditions.
Phytolith-Mediated Biocarbon Sequestration
Authors: K. Ahla , Swaroop Raji
Published: November 2024

The sequestration of biocarbon primarily arises from natural mechanisms and is acknowledged as a critical measure in mitigating climate change. An inactive form of carbon, known as phytolith occluded carbon, is sequestered within plants and persists in soil for thousands of years following the breakdown of vegetation. Formation, distribution and storage of phytolith occluded carbon are the major factors affecting phytolith-mediated biocarbon sequestration. Crop area, crop duration, aboveground net primary productivity, crop, plant species, plant parts, age of plant, age of plant parts, cell components, phytolith morphotypes, and mean annual precipitation are some of the factors affecting the formation of phytolith occluded carbon. The stability and dissolution of phytolith occluded carbon in the soil are determined by carbon dioxide, temperature, climate zone, topography, soil, and phytolith properties characteristics. The phytolith distribution in the soil is affected by soil type and depth, tillage, bioturbulence, percolation, and phytolith morphotypes. By adopting proper soil and crop management practices phytolith mediated biocarbon sequestration can be enhanced.
Influence of Sowing Media and Variety on Physiological Performance and Yield of Early Cauliflower (Brassica oleracea L. var. botrytis) and Correlation Study with Yield
Authors: Buragohain Nayanmoni , Gogoi Sailen. , Kalita Prakash , Kotoky Utpal
Published: November 2024

An experiment was conducted during 2018 and 2019 at the Experimental Farm, Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat and at Farmer’s field to assess the physiological performance of early cauliflower varieties in different sowing media and to evaluate their performance in the field as well as to study the correlation of different physiological parameters with curd yield. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with eight treatments comprising of four sowing media [M1-cocopeat (60): vermiculite (20): perlite (20), M2-cocopeat (50): vermicompost (50),M3-cocopeat (50): vermicompost (50): microbial consortium @1:100 and M4-Conventional nursery]and two varieties [V1 (White Diamond) and V2 (CFL1522)] replicated thrice. The results revealed that growing medium had significant influence on different physiological parameters of early cauliflower seedling. Maximum chlorophyll content was recorded in M3 (0.98 mg g-1fw), maximum number of stomata in upper and lower surface (83.47and 150.97), relative water content (90.06 %) and dry matter accumulation (11.41 %) were recorded in M2. Between the two varieties, V1 recorded higher stomata number (145.06) in the lower surface. In the main field, the plants grown from M3 showcased superior performance with highest relative water content (93.62%), chlorophyll content at 30 days after transplanting (1.40 mg g-1fw) and at harvest (2.16 mg g-1fw), membrane stability index (65.32%), minimum lipid peroxidation (0.85 n mol g-1fw) at harvest and maximum curd yield (200.22 q/ha). Between the two varieties White Diamond(V1) recorded the higher relative water content (89.48 %) while V2 (CFL 1522) recorded the maximum membrane stability index (55.10%) and non-significant influence of variety was noticed  on yield. Correlation coefficient analysis indicated chlorophyll content at seedling stage, crop growth and at harvest stage, relative leaf water content and membrane stability index at harvest have positive and significant correlation with curd yield of cauliflower. The study indicates sowing media had significant influence on physiological parameters of seedlings of early cauliflower which is again reflected in the field condition influencing yield as well and can be concluded that sowing media cocopeat (50): vermicompost (50): microbial consortium @1:100 can be used for nursery raising of early cauliflower seedling in Assam condition.
Physiological and Biotechnological Approaches in Enhancing Quality Parameters of Chilli (Capsicum annuum L.)
Authors: S.R. Arya , M.M. Viji
Published: November 2024

Physiological approaches play a crucial role in optimizing the plant growth, yield and quality parameters in chilli cultivation. Some key physiological approaches and their influence on quality parameters are stress induction (water and salt stress), hormonal treatment and nutrient management (organic and inorganic fertilizers). These physiological approaches helps chilli growers to meet market demands and consumer preferences more effectively.  Biotechnological approaches also can bring major improvements in the quality aspects of chilly. Also the optimization of yield and quality contributes to the economic success of chili cultivation, providing consumers with high-quality products and producers with sustainable production systems.
Assessment of Terminal Heat Stress Tolerance in Doubled Haploids Derived from Synthetic Hexaploid Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Using Genetic Variability and PCA-based Cluster Analyses
Authors: Singh Tavisha , Bedi Seema , Goyal Priyanka , Kaur Mandeep , Sharma Achla , Kaur Satinder
Published: November 2024

A comprehensive study was conducted on germplasm derived from two synthetic wheats and two hexaploid wheats i.e., SHW14102 x BWL4444, SHW14102 x BWL3531, and SHW3761 x BWL4444 to identify the potential doubled haploids that can withstand high temperatures, particularly at the reproductive stage during crop seasons viz., 2020–2021 and 2021–2022. The doubled haploid lines were selected based on phenotypic characteristics using genetic variability analysis. In the preliminary field trial evaluation, 100 lines were selected based on high phenotypic uniformity for further testing against terminal heat stress conditions and high yield potential. Among these, 17 lines had relatively higher values for days to biomass yield, grain yield, thousand-grain weight, and harvest index and relatively lower values for maturity, and grain filling duration based on principal component and cluster analyses. Principal component analysis (PCA) based cluster analysis exhibited that, clusters II and III had clear separation compared to cluster I. All three clusters were analyzed according to their means and standard deviations. The mean values for GYP (385.07), BMYP (1162.37), and TGW (38.13) were relatively higher in cluster 1 than in other clusters. Cluster 2 exhibited a higher value for DH (89.14), SL with awns (18.21), and GFD (18.19) while cluster 3 showed a higher value for HI (41.02). Thus, it was concluded that cluster I demonstrated superior performance in grain yield per plant, biomass yield per plant, and thousand-grain weight, indicating its overall higher productivity compared to the other clusters under terminal heat stress conditions and suggesting them as potential germplasm for future breeding programs.
Empirical and Machine Learning Models for Soil Erosion Risk Assessment: A Case Study of Tsageri Municipality, Georgia
Authors: Tkeshelashvili Nika
Published: November 2024

Soil erosion caused by water is one of the most common causes of land degradation worldwide. Within framework of this research soil erosion risk in Tsageri municipality, Georgia was evaluated using Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) and a machine learning-based Random Forest (RF) model. Open access digital datasets and field observations collected in 2023-2024, which included visually identified erosion areas and GPS-recorded data on the presence or absence of erosion, were utilized in modeling process. Data processing and modeling conducted using ArcGIS Pro 3.0 and RStudio software. According to RUSLE results, 39.7% of the study area falls under the very low erosion risk zone, and 20.7% is in the very high risk zone. The RF model results indicated that 16.5% of the territory is under very low risk of erosion and 13.9% - very high risk. It was observed that RUSLE model tends to overestimate erosion rates on steep, forested slopes, while the RF model, by incorporating additional variables, provided more accurate prediction. These findings suggest that combining RUSLE with machine learning improves soil erosion risk assessment, particularly in complex landscapes such as in Tsageri municipality. Future researche should focus on testing additional variables to refine the modeling process further and enhance predictions. The generated digital thematic maps offer valuable insights for understanding the spatial dynamics of soil erosion within the study area, analyzing the factors driving the process and developing effective mitigation strategies.
Recombinant Breeding in Barnyard Millet (Echinochloa frumentacea. L): Pioneering High-yield Varieties for Sustainable Agriculture
Authors: Govanakoppa Nagappa , B. R. Jagadeesh, , S. Anitha, , K. N. Jakir Hussain,
Published: November 2024

The development of new crop varieties, including barnyard millet, typically spans 6 to 9 years, a process that began with breeding efforts initiated in 2008. The breeding work involved initial crossings, followed by selection starting from the F2 generation, which achieved stabilization in the F5 generation with the identification of the best plants. The resulting high-yielding, medium-maturing barnyard millet variety, DHBM-93-3, was developed at the Agricultural Research Station in Hanumanamatti, under the University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad. This variety matures in 85 to 90 days, features an erect growth habit with a height ranging from 132 to 147.5 cm, and produces bold, oval-shaped grains of gray color. DHBM-93-3 has demonstrated an impressive grain yield of 23.20 q/ha and a fodder yield of 6.33 t/ha, along with remarkable tolerance to shoot fly infestation (0.0%). Notably, this variety outperformed national checks VL-172 and VL-207, with yield increases of 27.17% and 12.59%, respectively. In preliminary and station trials conducted between 2010 and 2013, DHBM-93-3 achieved an average seed yield of 39.24 q/ha, significantly exceeding RAU-11 and VL-207 by 42.17% and 16.82%. Over a three-year evaluation period, it consistently yielded 23.20 q/ha, surpassing VL-172 and VL-207 by 27.15% and 12.59%, respectively. The varieties exceptional adaptability was highlighted by significant yield increases across various states, particularly in Andhra Pradesh, where it exceeded VL-172 by 108.5%. DHBM-93-3 also exhibited superior disease resistance, with a mean grain smut incidence of 2.46%, compared to 10.06% for VL-172 and 15.93% for VL-207, as well as complete resistance to head smut. Furthermore, it showed outstanding resilience against shoot fly infestation, maintaining a consistent infestation rate of 0.0%. Nutritionally, DHBM-93-3 excelled in zinc (36.8 mg/kg), iron (12.5 mg/kg), and calcium (14 mg/kg) content, although its protein content was slightly lower than that of VL-172. DHBM-93-3 represents a highly productive and resilient variety, capable of enhancing food security and addressing micronutrient deficiencies, thus positioning it as an excellent choice for cultivation across diverse agro-climatic regions of India.