bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cosmopolitanism, Globalization and The Field of Adolescent Literacy
Authors: Harper Helen , Bean Thomas , Dunkerly Judith
Published: June 2020

In this article we discuss the current nature and circumstances of cosmopolitanism and what it means to the field of adolescent literacy. Drawing on contemporary scholarship, cosmopolitanism is understood as: 1) the local experience or condition of globalization, what has been called ‘internal globalization,’ and, 2) as a disposition or sensibility that ensures productive and peaceful relations in light of globalization or any circumstance that creates dynamic and culturally diverse contexts. From a critical review of the key documents in the field, we argue that for many adolescents their lives and literacies now, and especially in the future, will be lived out in the interface of the local and global. In what might be described as a cosmopolitan age we discuss what that means for the field of adolescent literacy. In critical review of the work done under the rubric of adolescent literacy, it was evident the field has been carefully documenting the terrain of adolescent literacies, and leading the charge for reform in policy and practice. However, there is a need to reconfigure and expand the concepts, precepts and practices that have come to name adolescent literacy in order to ensure that students are well served by the field and by their literacy education.
Cet article discute la nature et les circonstances du concept de cosmopolitisme et ce qu’il signifie dans le domaine de la littératie des adolescents. Du point de vue du savoir actuel, ce concept définit (1) l’expérience ou la condition locale de globalisation, ce qui est connu sous le terme de « globalisation interne » et (2) la disposition ou sensibilité qui assure des relations productives et pacifiques dans un contexte global ou toutes circonstances qui créent des contextes culturellement dynamiques et différents. En nous basant sur une révision critique des documents clés, nous argumentons que les vies et les littératies actuelles et futures de beaucoup d’adolescents seront vécues dans une interface entre un monde tout aussi local que global. Nous discuterons ce que ce monde peut représenter dans le domaine de la littératie adolescente dans l’ère cosmopolite. En révisant cette littératie de façon critique, il est facile de s’apercevoir du nombre croissant de publications et de son importance dans la réforme de politiques et de pratiques de terrain. Il est cependant tout à fait nécessaire de reconfigurer et de développer ces concepts, préceptes et pratiques afin d’assurer leur adéquation dans le domaine et l’éducation en littératie des adolescents.
Multiple Cultures, Multiple Literacies, and Collective Agencies: Chinese and Pakistani Immigrants’ Perceptions of Family Literacy Support
Authors: Zhang Zheng , Bano Nazia
Published: June 2020

Challenging the deficit view of immigrant families’ roles in family literacy support, this study is situated in the multiliteracies theoretical framework, which celebrates marginalized, yet diverse, literacy practices in immigrant families. This study used semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions to map diverse family literacy practices in Chinese and Pakistani families. It explores whether and how available educational institutions have been inclusive of immigrant families’ multiple cultures and multiple literacies. Adopting a bottom-up advocacy approach, this study also invites Chinese and Pakistani families to envision family literacy programs by themselves. It brings to light immigrant families’ potential collective agencies in effecting changes to enable more inclusive family literacy programs in the culturally and linguistically diverse context of Canada.
Cet article défit la vision négative du rôle des familles d’immigrés dans le support de la littératie familiale. L’étude se situe dans le cadre conceptuel des multi-littératies qui supportent des pratiques de littératie marginalisées mais néanmoins très diverses dans des familles d’immigrés. La méthodologie d’entrevues semi structurées et de groupes de discussions utilisée a permis de décrire les différentes pratiques de littératie adoptées dans des familles chinoises et pakistanaises. Cette étude cherche également à explorer si les institutions éducatives ont pris en compte les différentes cultures et littératies des familles, et dans le cas positif, comment cette prise en compte s’est effectuée. L’analyse vise aussi à inviter les familles chinoises et pakistanaises à créer leurs propres programmes de littératie en utilisant une approche de soutien ascendant. Les résultats montrent un potentiel collectif d’agentivité qui pourrait engendrer la création de plus de programmes de littératie familiaux dans le contexte multiculturel et multilinguistique du Canada.
L’éducation à la tolérance dans les programmes d’études en vigueur au Québec
Authors: Lavoie Simon , Jutras France
Published: June 2020

Le contexte social actuel caractérisé par un pluralisme culturel grandissant interpelle directement l’école comme lieu de socialisation et nous renvoie nécessairement à la place de la tolérance dans notre accueil de la diversité. Or, est-ce que la tolérance fait partie des intentions éducatives du Québec? Où en retrouve-t-on des traces? Notre objectif est de relever et d’analyser les différents éléments présents à l’intérieur des programmes de formation québécois qui ouvrent la voie à l’éducation à la tolérance, en nous attardant de façon toute particulière sur le nouveau programme d’Éthique et culture religieuse, qui nous apparaît en être le principal véhicule.
The current social context characterized by a growing cultural pluralism calls out directly to the school as a site of socialization and necessarily reminds us of the place of tolerance in our reception of diversity. Now does tolerance form part of Quebec goals for education? Where it is in evidence? Our objective is to point out and analyse different elements that are found in teacher education programs in Quebec that can open the way for education for tolerance by considering in particular the new program of ethics and religious culture that appears to be the main vehicle for introducing it.
Finding Hope in the Darkness: Stories of Two Chinese Newcomers Enrolled in a Canadian High School
Authors: Li Yi , Larsen Denise
Published: June 2020

Hope has been described as the ability to envision a future in which one wishes to participate. A burgeoning body of research consistently points to the vital role hope plays in learning and successful change. Employing narrative inquiry (Clandinin and Connelly, 2000), in this paper, we explore two Chinese newcomer students’ stories of hope as they face the many challenges of undertaking a Canadian education. Findings indicate the value of communicating teachers’ belief in students, making hope more visible by inviting students to tell their stories of hope, and understanding hope as a process that evolves as students’ lives unfold.
Education under China’s Market Economy: A Case Study of Urban and Rural Teachers in Hunan Province
Authors: Li Qing
Published: June 2020

The purpose of this article to investigate the working and living conditions of teachers under China’s market economy, with a focus on urban and rural schools. This paper is a case study of teachers in Hunan province, representing Central China. A total of eighteen teachers in seven different schools participated in the study.
The analysis of data shows that teachers experience change of teaching as reflected in the shift to learner-centred approaches, as well as changes of curriculum, textbooks and teacher evaluation. Under market economy, Chinese educational system still possesses urban rural inequalities, for the same or different reasons. The urban rural gap is reflected in teachers’ living and working conditions including salary, benefit, pension, available teaching resources, and school environment. It is also reflected in the opportunities they have.
‘Headmasters Become Noblemen’: Mainland Chinese Teachers’ Perspectives on Changes in Education in the Post-Mao Era
Authors: Yochim Lorin
Published: June 2020

In this article I report findings of research into the lives and work of Mainland Chinese teachers of English in a broader context characterized by market economic reform. I draw on transcriptions of group interviews to describe and discuss teachers’ lives and work, and forward a critical analysis that posits a connection between teachers’ accounts and the re-structuring of social relations in post-Mao China. The article details one of several themes treated in the study, specifically the broad category of ‘effects of educational reform.’ I suggest that the compliance and resistance apparent in these accounts reveals Chinese teachers to be neither cultural dopes nor harbingers of some newly emerging democratic society.
Muslim Parents at Crossroads: Choosing the Right School for their Children
Authors: Ahmed Ghazala
Published: June 2020

This paper is based on a qualitative study that investigated reasons behind twelve Muslim parents’ decisions to send their children to either an Islamic or a public school in South-Western Ontario. Three major thematic reasons for parents’ choices emerged from the interviews: first, were the parents’ experiences with either the public or Islamic school environment; second, were the parents’ experiences and perceptions of the school’s dress codes; and, third, was the parents’ understanding of the school curriculum content. In addition to these themes, the paper also discusses parents’ views on the language of the school and that of the home and how these influence their children’s ability to integrate into the Canadian society while maintaining their home (Islamic) values.
Book Review: International Education in Global Times: Engaging the Pedagogic
Authors: O'Sullivan Michael
Published: June 2020

n/a
Reflections of a Capacity Builder: An Autoethnographic Perspective of Capacity Building Methods With a Youth Livelihoods Organization in Vanuatu
Authors: Moore Sandra
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This autoethnographic narrative explores the author’s capacity building experiences, observances, insights, and reflections over a two year period working with a youth livelihoods nongovernmental organization in the South Pacific nation of Vanuatu. Autoethnographies explore the author’s own personal insight and reflection of their own experiences, which in turn may encourage readers to reflect on their own beliefs and practices. The author will define autoethnography and capacity building, briefly outline the historical context of Vanuatu, discuss the successes and challenges of facilitating capacity building, and reflect on her own values, assumptions, and learning within the social context of an international development professional working with local staff in Vanuatu.
Book Review. The Rhizome of Blackness: A critical ethnography of Hip-Hop Culture, Language, Identity, and the Politics of Becoming.
Authors: Ingram Leigh-Anne
Published: June 2020

This book review analyzes Awad Ibrahim's 2014 book, entitled: The Rhizome of Blackness: A critical ethnography of Hip-Hop Culture, Language, Identity and the Politics of Becoming, published by Peter Lang. This review introduces the rhizomatic analysis used in the book to theorize the complex and multifaceted nature of Black identity within the North American context. It gives an overview of the critical ethnographic projects Ibrahim uses to illustrate the ways that Black youth are forced to deny their complex identities to fit into dominant White society, while also finding a heteroglossia of expressions in a third space through Black popular culture. The book review supports Ibrahim's proposal of using Hip-Hop and Black popular culture for a project of diversification to validate Black youth, while asking if using Hip-Hop might foreclose other opportunities to learn about expressions of Black culture beyond the confines of North American Corporate media. The book review argues that the Rhizome of Blackness provides important messages for educators about Black identity and the social construction of identity and nationhood.
Reviving the Muslim tradition of dialogue: A look at a rich history of Educational theory and institutions in pre-modern and modern times
Authors: AFRIDI MOMINA
Published: June 2020

This paper aims to generate a debate within Muslim scholarship and comparative educators to engage in analysing both the institutions and the philosophy of education in Islam historically, to understand its present challenges and to create an environment conducive to dialogue between various civilizations and educational systems. At present Muslim parents, teachers and students in contemporary educational systems face a big challenge. On one hand, a modified system of Western education is likely to leave Muslim children exposed to a set of an underlying set of secular values and assumptions which are alien to the spirit of Islam, but on the other hand Muslim schools of the old style seem unable to prepare children adequately for the needs of the modern world or to help them take part in the scientific, technological and economic progress (Halstead, 1995). At the core of this issue lies the lack of knowledge of both Western educators and contemporary Muslim theorists regarding the rich tradition of education and scholarship in Islam that ensured the coexistence of the religious and the secular through dialogue with other traditions.
Interdisciplinary Study Abroad as Experiential Learning
Authors: Wilson Jean , Brain Rachel , Brown Erik , Gaind Leila , Radan Kaila , Redmond Julia
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Although study abroad would appear to be an ideal context for the learning through doing and reflecting that constitutes experiential education, if it fails to be rigorously approached as experiential learning, it not only falls short of its potential, but also risks reinforcing rather than confounding consumerist assumptions and behaviours in education. Co-authored by five former academic exchange participants and their professor/program director (who had remained at the home university), the paper explores the need and various possibilities for programming that would pay more than lip service to the idea of international study as experiential learning. Facilitation of ongoing critical reflection and meaningful connections among students returning from study abroad, those arriving from elsewhere, and those at the home institution who had not studied abroad presents itself as a significant post-sojourn opportunity, with the potential to contribute to the transformation and internationalization of the institution itself.
Engaging with tradition? How history shapes engagement with local communities in universities in England and Ontario, Canada
Authors: Sabzalieva Emma
Published: June 2020

The impetus for universities to engage – to reach out, share, and exchange knowledge – with the communities around them is not a new phenomenon, but one that has gathered salience and speed in recent years (Watson, 2007; Hall, 2009; Davis, 2016). University engagement takes place in a range of dimensions within the global-national-regional-local spectrum (Benneworth et al, 2009; Goddard, 2009). This comparative study of six public universities in England and Ontario, Canada focuses on engagement with local communities. By analysing both institutional histories and universities’ contemporary strategic plans, the study shows that understanding universities’ foundations offers important insights into their current levels of engagement with their local communities. Using the local level as a lens not only demonstrates connections between a university’s past and its present, but also offers a counterweight to the prevailing dominance in higher education policy and literature of international and global factors.
Portrait des élèves issus de l’immigration en milieu scolaire primaire défavorisé
Authors: Tardif-Grenier Kristel , Archambault Isabelle , Gervais Christine
Published: June 2020

Les élèves issus de l’immigration sont fortement susceptibles de fréquenter un établissement scolaire situé en milieu défavorisé. À Montréal, deux communautés y sont particulièrement présentes soit les élèves originaires d’Afrique du Nord et des Antilles. Ces élèves, une fois parvenus au secondaire, présentent un profil scolaire, familial et scolaire distinct. Nous en savons cependant bien peu sur ce qui caractérise ces élèves lorsqu’ils sont au primaire. Afin de contribuer au développement des connaissances à ce niveau, la présente étude compare deux groupes d’élèves dont les parents sont nés en Afrique du Nord (n= 98) et dans les Antilles (n = 101) relativement à leur engagement et leur rendement scolaires, à l’implication de leurs parents dans leur suivi scolaire et aux caractéristiques sociodémographiques de leur famille. Ces deux groupes ont étés comparés à un groupe d’élèves dont les parents et les grands-parents sont nés au Canada (n = 97). Les résultats des analyses comparatives (ANOVA) suggèrent l’existence de différences entre les trois groupes sur le plan de l’engagement et du rendement scolaires, de l’implication parentale dans le suivi scolaire et des caractéristiques sociodémographiques. Ces résultats contribuent à une meilleure connaissance de la réalité de ces élèves et à l’identification de pistes d’intervention pertinentes.
Employer Perspectives on EAL Employee Writing Problems
Authors: Hu Jim , Hoare Alana
Published: June 2020

In academic disciplines, content rather than writing accuracy is usually emphasized (Hyland, 2013), leaving many English-as-an-additional-language (EAL) students unmotivated to improve writing accuracy. However, the workplace may demand accurate and clear writing. Thus, Ferris (2002, 2011) calls for research into employers’ perspectives on inaccurate and unclear writing of EAL employees to help raise academic faculty and EAL student consciousness. To respond to Ferris' call, this study investigated: 1) employers’ expectations regarding writing accuracy of EAL employees, 2) EAL employees’ language problems in work-related writing, and 3) the impact of writing problems on EAL employees’ employment and career opportunities. The study employed qualitative interviews with ten Canadian employers for data collection and a grounded theory approach for data analysis. Results indicated that the participants generally maintained the same writing standards for EAL and native-English-speaking (NES) employees. The study showed a disconnect between the academic and professional worlds regarding EAL writing standards.
Service-Learning in Egypt: Effects of Demographics, Course Features, and Community Engagement on Civic and Developmental Outcomes for University Students
Authors: Shalabi Neivin
Published: June 2020

Although service-learning is spreading in various geographic locations across the globe, the majority of extant literature is based in the U.S. Additionally, past research focused largely on investigating student outcomes through this pedagogy with little attention to exploring the impact of variations among service-learning courses and students. This study addressed these gaps by examining how individual differences among students, course characteristics, and overall community engagement may relate to civic and developmental outcomes for college students through service-learning. Sixty one students at a private university in Egypt completed survey questionnaires. Students’ Demographics and Course Characteristics Composites predicted students’ reports of enhanced community awareness. The Overall Community Engagement Composite contributed to students’ reported outcomes of both enhanced community awareness and interpersonal effectiveness skills. The study suggests lines of research for scholars committed to advancing rigorous engaged scholarship and discusses implications for practitioners seeking to deepen service-learning outcomes.
Reciprocal learning in mathematics education: An interactive study between two Canadian and Chinese elementary schools
Authors: Peng Aihui , Ezeife Anthony , Yu Bo
Published: June 2020

In this study, the researchers go beyond the back-and-forth debates on the East-West educational paradigms that often arise from comparative studies, and take a reciprocal learning approach to explore in-depth the commonalities and differences in mathematics education between two Canadian and Chinese elementary schools. Research data were collected through direct and indirect interactions between the pair of research schools, including Skype meetings; formal and informal conversations with teachers and administrators; and the sharing/exchange of documents, texts, teaching materials, and resources. Results show that there is a common emphasis on some thematic issues in the teaching and learning of mathematics including the use of manipulatives, multiple solutions to mathematical problems, and parental involvement, but also some differences between the two schools in teachers’ strategies for teaching problem solving, students’ learning tendencies and schools’ supports for Special Needs students. The researchers conclude that the dichotomies of the East-West educational paradigms need to be further, and more deeply re-examined.
Grading Policies in Canada and China: A Comparative Study
Authors: Cheng Liying , DeLuca Christopher , Braund Heather , Yan Wei
Published: June 2020

The current trend towards globalization, immigration, and internationalization of schools and universities around the world has led to the increased use of grades across educational systems. Given the use of grades for student promotion, mobilization, and admission into educational programs internationally, there is an urgent need to understand how grades are constructed differently in diverse systems of education. This study specifically examines grading policies across two educational contexts – Canada and China – to gain a nuanced understanding of how grades are constructed in these two systems where we see a large fast increase of Chinese students studying at Canadian tertiary institutions. This comparative analysis of Ministry of Education documents within and across these two learning contexts indicates significant differences in policies that guide teacher constructed grades in Canada and China. In Canada, achievement is the primary consideration in the construction of classroom grades, whereas grades in China include considerations of both the learning (i.e., achievement) and the learner (i.e., learning skills and personal dispositions). The findings of the study have significant implications for understanding the validity of grade interpretations across educational systems.
Localizing international education agendas: Boys (still) underachieving in Jamaica’s secondary education
Authors: Ellis Everton , Thomas Edward
Published: June 2020

The literature on basic education emphasizes the need to improve enrollment and access to girls’ education in poorer countries. In Jamaica, the problem is not merely access to basic education but rather the quality of education outcomes, particularly for boys. Setting my research findings within the context of globalization and basic education, this paper explores the underachievement of boys within the contexts of international education policies at the domestic/national scale in Jamaica. Using a combination of participants’ responses drawn from semi-structured interviews conducted with teachers across two rural high schools in Jamaica, an analysis of secondary sources and (to a lesser extent) participant observations, we put forward a few claims regarding the process of ‘localizing’ ‘international’ education. It appears that global discourses in education (education for all) place demands on the local context – privilege girls, and the problem of lack of access to education and the overall the quality of experience. And therefore, the Jamaican state can ‘evade’ or palliatively address the ongoing problem of boys’ underachievement. The paper also highlights the effects of neoliberal restructuring in education as well as the inconsistencies between domestic/national and international education policies.
The Epistemic Significance of #MeToo
Authors: Freedman Karyn L
Published: June 2020

In part I of this paper, I argue that #MeToo testimony increases epistemic value for the survivor qua hearer when experiences like hers are represented by others; for society at large when false but dominant narratives about sexual violence and sexual harassment against women are challenged and replaced with true stories; and for the survivor qua teller when her true story is believed. In part II, I argue that the epistemic significance of #MeToo testimony compels us to consider the tremendous and often unappreciated costs to the individual tellers, and the increased credibility they are owed in virtue thereof.
Waringin: Recording a Composition with Gamelan Salukat, a Crossroads of Music and Culture
Authors: Smith Oscar
Published: June 2020

As the subject of numerous studies over the last century, Balinese music has been presented in a particular light.  In the 21st Century, it has been a priority for Western musicologists to renew our outdated or inaccurate conceptions.  This paper joins that discourse by presenting an intercultural project as an opportunity to bring the perspective of Balinese musicians under consideration.  Recently, I undertook a recording project in Bali, working on my composition “Waringin,” written for Gamelan Salukat.  Gamelan Salukat is a 20-30-person bronze ensemble with a radical tuning system, comprised of young musicians (~18-30 yrs.) from around the Ubud region of Central Bali.  The project became a crossroads of musicianship, uncovering many intriguing tensions—notation versus oral learning, counting rhythms versus feeling or embodying rhythms, and composition versus improvisation.  The following ethnographic account explores how the young Balinese musicians tackled the problems we faced and discusses what implications these newly formed strategies have for Balinese music in a contemporary setting where East and West, self and other, participant and observer are no longer divided.
Internal Consistency and Concurrent Validity for the Critical Hire-Personality Assessment: A Replication Study with Correctional Officers
Authors: Tatman Tony
Published: June 2020

The Critical Hire – Personality Assessment (CH-PA) is a pre-employment personality assessment developed for law enforcement and correctional officer applicants. This study replicated findings provided by Tatman (2019) regarding the CH-PA's internal consistency and concurrent validity when compared to the NEO Personality Inventory-Revised. Results obtained in this study are consistent with findings obtained by Tatman (2019) and provide supporting evidence for the reliability and concurrent validity for the CH-PA when used with a sample of correctional officer applicants.
Influence of Demographic Variables on Immigrants Health Status
Authors: Uddin Md. Sayed , Mohammed Adam Andani
Published: June 2020

The aim of this empirical investigation is to assess Bangladeshi temporary migrant’s general health status in Malaysia and factors affecting their health. The study was carried out through the quantitative method. A survey was conducted among 300 Bangladeshi migrant workers from construction, manufacturing and service sectors. The result indicates that the Bangladeshi temporary migrant workers reported positive self-reported health status with percentages good, very good and excellent. It was also found that the construction and service sector workers reported slightly better health status than manufacturing workers. Result showed that married workers have more health problems than singles. In addition, the low level of education creates more health problems among Bangladeshi workers. It was found that highly educated Bangladeshi workers are more likely to safeguard a sound health status. This study suggest considering Bangladeshi immigrants’ health behaviours, health status and health needs, there should be early health promotion and necessary prevention and/or intervention to improve their health conditions.
The effect of Roundup on gametes of grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella Val. – preliminary research
Authors: Ługowska Katarzyna
Published: June 2020

The study was conducted on the eggs (roe) and sperm of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella Val.) obtained during artificially induced spawning. The effect of Roundup on eggs was assessed using the following concentrations of the herbicide: 0.0 (control), 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 2.0, 5.0 and 10.0 mg/l. Sperm motility was measured at concentrations of 0.0 (control), 0.1, 0.5, 2.0, 5.0, 10.0, 20.0 and 50.0 mg/l. The study showed that the herbicide increased swelling of grass carp eggs and significantly reduced the duration of sperm motility.
Applying Semantic Role Labeling and Spreading Activation Techniques for Semantic Information Retrieval
Authors: Vileiniskis Tomas , Butkiene Rita
Published: June 2020

Semantically enhanced information retrieval (IR) is aimed at improving classical IR methods and goes way beyond plain Boolean keyword matching with the main goal of better serving implicit and ambiguous information needs. As a de-facto pre-requisite to semantic IR, different information extraction (IE) techniques are used to mine unstructured text for underlying knowledge.  In this paper we present a method that combines both IE and IR to enable semantic search in natural language texts. First, we apply semantic role labeling (SRL) to automatically extract event-oriented information found in natural language texts to an RDF knowledge graph leveraging semantic web technology. Second, we investigate how a custom flavored graph traversal spreading activation algorithm can be employed to interpret user’s information needs on top of the prior-extracted knowledge base. Finally, we present an assessment on the applicability of our method for semantically enhanced IR. An experimental evaluation on partial WikiQA dataset shows the strengths of our approach and also unveils common pitfalls that we use as guidelines to draw further work directions in the open-domain semantic search field.
Ein wohlgeordnetes Agrarstrukturverbesserungsgesetz im föderalen Deutschland
Authors: Hollwitz Hanna
Published: June 2020

Der Agrarstrukturwandel mit stetig steigenden Bodenpreisen, Flächenkonzentrationen in Vermögen weniger Unternehmen, Unternehmensbeteiligungen von Investoren und mit zunehmender Digitalisierung erschwert den Zugang zu Land für kleinere Betriebe. Mit Blick auf die Landesagrarstrukturverbesserungsgesetze de lege ferenda zeigt die Untersuchung neue Perspektiven des landwirtschaftlichen Grundstücksverkehrsrechts für die Praxis auf. Ein innovatives Regelungskonzept mit neuen Agrarstrukturzielen wird vorgeschlagen. Zu den Zielen gehören die Eindämmung von Konzentrationen, die Regulierung von Unternehmensbeteiligungen und die Stärkung regionaler Wertschöpfungsketten unter Berücksichtigung des Umwelt- und Klimaschutzes. Die Regelungsvorschläge werden im Lichte des Föderalismus und des Leitbilds des wohlgeordneten Rechts sowie am Maßstab des Verfassungsrechts, der EU-Grundfreiheiten und des EU-Beihilferechts analysiert. Kernfrage ist, welches agrarpolitische Leitbild wir zukünftig beabsichtigen.
Post Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy Urinary Function for Prostate Cancer; A Prospective Study
Authors: Allameh Farzad , Fallah Karkan Morteza , Rahavian Amir Hossein , Mofid Bahram , Azghandi Samira , Abedi Amir reza , Basiri Abbas , Montazeri Saeed
Published: June 2020

Background: At present, there is a lack of evidence concerning urinary complications caused by intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) used for the management of prostate cancer (PCa). Objectives: This study aimed at identifying the nature and severity of post-IMRT urinary symptoms in patients with PCa. Methods: This prospective study was performed with consecutive patients, who had clinically localized PCa (cT1c-cT2c) and had undergone IMRT treatment from 2016 to 2019. At 1, 6, and 12 months of follow-up, medical history, physical information, prostate-specific antigen values, International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), medication use, Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG), acute and late toxicity, and Q max were collected. Results: A total of 127 patients with a mean age of 71.04 ± 7.1 years received IMRT and underwent 12 months of follow-up. The mean IPSSs at baseline versus those at 1, 6, and 12 months after IMRT was 14.5 ± 6.8 versus 13.3 ± 6.1, 12.3 ± 5.3, and 10.4 ± 4.2, respectively (P < 0.000). The mean prostate volume was 38.2 ± 12.1 cc. At the last follow-up, 31 patients (24.4%) took genitourinary (GU) medications. Conclusions: This study showed that the majority of GU side effects caused by primary IMRT for PCa treatment are transient. Treatment triggered an acute increase in obstructive urinary symptoms, which peaked during the first month after IMRT. In most patients, in the course of 6 months, symptoms returned to baseline.
The Effect of Using Nutritional Guideline by Nurses on the Incidence and Severity of Malnutrition in Patients Admitted to the Intensive Care Units
Authors: Niksefat Mehdi , Shariati Abdolale , Baraz Shahram , Jazayeri Mohammad Hosein , Soltani Farhad , Haghighizadeh Mohammadhosein
Published: June 2020

Background: Malnutrition is still one of the most important and common problems in hospitals and increases the incidence, side effects, and mortality in hospitalized patients. In this regard, the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) patients are more at risk due to critical conditions. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of nurses’ nutritional guidelines on the severity of malnutrition in ICU patients. Methods: This single-blind clinical trial was conducted on 70 patients hospitalized in the ICU of Golestan and Imam Khomeini hospitals in Ahwaz in 2012. Available patients were randomly divided into the control and intervention groups. The data collection tool was a checklist of demographic data and the Maastricht index for malnutrition assessment. Patients were evaluated based on the Maastricht index at baseline and 10 days after feeding. Results: There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of demographic variables. Mean and standard deviation of albumin, pre-albumin, and lymphocyte parameters before the intervention were 3.13 ± 0.571, 1.28 ± 0.31, 1638.2 ± 489.59, whereas, after the intervention, they were 536 3.32 ± 3.88, 1.88 ± 0.36, 2195 ± 40.85, respectively. Also, the amount of malnutrition intensity by the Maastricht formula before and after the intervention was 4.89 ± 2.17 and 2.00 ± 2.10, at a significance level of 0.001. Regarding the normal distribution of data, using the T-test, two groups showed significant differences (P = 0.001). Conclusions: The prevalence of malnutrition is high in patients admitted to the ICUs, which is mainly due to inappropriate nutrition of patients in these sectors. Although nurses play a significant role in feeding patients, their knowledge in this field is less than needed. According to the results of this study, the use of the guideline by nurses reduced the severity of malnutrition. Therefore, it is essential to create the necessary backgrounds for increasing the knowledge of this group of treatment staff and to educate valid nutrition guides for them to improve the nutritional status, and subsequently accelerate the treatment process of the patients.
Evaluation of Anti-Mullerian Hormone Predictive Value and Antral Follicle Count in the Success Rate of Ovarian Drilling in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors: Hafizi Leili , Behrouznia Akram , Amirian Maliheh , Baradaran Mina , Pourhoseini Seyedeh Azam
Published: June 2020

Background: Laparoscopic ovarian drilling (LOD) is recommended for the treatment of women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) resistant to clomiphene citrate. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of ovarian drilling on the serum levels of anti-mullerian hormone (AMH), androgens, and the number of antral follicles. Methods: This was a pre- and post-clinical trial performed on 30 infertile women with PCOS resistant to clomiphene citrate. Patients underwent standard laparoscopic ovarian drilling. Serum levels of AMH and androgens and antral follicle count (AFC) were surveyed before LOD and three and six months after LOD. The ovarian ovulation rate in each month was also monitored for six months. Then, the association between changes in these parameters, especially the level of AMH, and postoperative ovulation was investigated. A P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The number of antral follicles three (3.00 ± 8.00) and six months (7.73 ± 4.14) after ovarian drilling showed a significant decrease compared to preoperative values (12.40 ± 4.02) (repeated-measures ANOVA, P < 0.001). The mean AMH (6.78 ± 1.08 versus 12.25 ± 1.35; P = 0.005) and the antral follicle count (7.71 ± 0.54 versus 12.29 ± 0.67 and P < 0.001) were lower in ovulation than in non-ovulation patients. The significantly more AMH reductions were seen in pregnant women (3.63 ± 5.61) than in non-pregnant women (3.63 ± 1.24) (P = 0.01). Conclusions: It may be possible to use the changes in AMH and AFC to predict the success rate of LOD.
An Incoherence in Process and Reality
Authors: Gamwell Franklin I. ,   The Center for Process Studies
Published: June 2020

The incoherence is between Whitehead’s definition of “speculative philosophy” in the first section of Process and Reality's opening chapter which defines metaphysics as transcendental and important moments in later chapters of the book, where he asserts that metaphysical formulations are generalizations of empirical or contingent features. In explicating this inconsistency, the article attends to Whitehead’s definition of metaphysical in distinction from cosmological features, his understandings of the “aeroplane” metaphor, the ontological principle, and especially the initial aim. The article argues that Whitehead’s account of these, and especially the initial aim, should be deleted from neoclassical metaphysics.
Does “Divine Hiddenness” Neutralize the Problem of Evil? Is Process Theodicy More Adequate?
Authors: Elistratov Ruslan ,   The Center for Process Studies
Published: June 2020

This article critically engages Paul Moser’s “Divine Hiddenness Response” to the problem of evil—an approach to have recently come out of traditional free-will theism. I begin with identifying the initial common ground between Mosers thought and process theology that arguably coincides with what can be called the "Four Noble Truths of Christianity. ” Howevery when confronted with the problem of evil that threatens the credibility of these truths. Moser offers an epistemic strategy to address this threat without modifying the classical concept of omnipotence and without having a full-explanation theodicy. I will argue that, far from helping the situation, this approach exacerbates it and is therefore strongly undesirable. In addition, Moser’s assumption of the absence of an adequate theodicy is unjustified in light of the demonstrable merits of process theodicy in accomplishing what omnipotence-preserving approaches cannot do—defusing the defeaters to Christianity’s Four Noble Truths effectively. Thusy it is desirable andy in the absence of better optionsy epistemically obligatory that omnipotence be modified and replaced with a version of God’s perfect power that is more coherent and evidence-based, and is also in line with a significant strand within the Bible.
Divine Power, Friendship, and Theodicy
Authors: Moser Paul K. ,   The Center for Process Studies
Published: June 2020

This article examines the kind of power available to a God worthy of worship, in connection with the prospect for a full theodicy for the world's suffering and evil. It portrays how such a God would seek to relate to people with uncoerced reconciliation to God as a gift having definite expectations of them. To that end, God would be elusive and hidden at times, including regarding ultimate purposes, to minimize the alienation of humans from God. We have no good reason to suppose that God would reveal divine purposes to humans in a way that gives them a full theodicy. Similarly, we have no good reason to acknowledge a certain kind of limitation in divine power over evil, but, given divine goodness, we would expect to have such a clear reason if God had such a limitation. The absence of the latter clear reason counts against a proposed full theodicy.
Moral und Dogma: Alois Riehls Neukantianismus im Spannungsfeld zwischen Religion und Politik
Authors: Hammer Martin , Hlade Josef
Published: June 2020

The aim is to examine Alois Riehl’s contribution to the “culture war” (Kulturkampf) in the second half of the nineteenth century. We show that he used Kant’s autonomy principle to argue against the idea that religious dogmatism is a fundament of morality. We prove this thesis by focusing on the forgotten historical background, which is important for an understanding of Morals und Dogma. Originally this essay was an expert opinion for the court case of the socialist H. Tauschinski who was accused of blasphemy. Tauschinski wrote an article in which he doubted the immortality of the soul and the existence of a personal God. These two dogmas of the Catholic Church were considered bу the Austrian authorities to be the foundations of public order. Riehl questioned not only the charge but also the validity of religious dogmas for morality. Based on Kant’s ethics, he argued for a moral indifferentism of religious dogmas. His career was significantly influenced by this essay, because of its anti-clerical content. During the culture war, Riehl repeatedly had problems with the authorities, especially in the Austro-Hungarian monarchy. The “Neurath-Haller Thesis” argues that in Austria the appointment of professorships was controlled and monitored by the state, with the goal of installing a philosophy which was beneficial to the interests of the state, and a strong anti-Kantianism in Austrian Philosophy as a consequence. We can agree with this thesis insofar as Riehl in the period of the “Catholic Renaissance” in Austria was not allowed to succeed Ernst Mach. The analysis of Riehl’s arguments allows us furthermore to understand Riehl as a neo-Kantian as early as 1871/1872, which has been questioned by many authors who think the early Riehl was no Kantian.
At the Click of a Button
Authors: Azadbakht Elena , Schultz Teresa
Published: June 2020

A number of browser extension tools have emerged in the past decade aimed at helping information seekers find open versions of scholarly articles when they hit a paywall, including Open Access Button, Lazy Scholar, Kopernio, and Unpaywall. While librarians have written numerous reviews of these products, no one has yet conducted a usability study on these tools. This article details a usability study involving six undergraduate students and six faculty at a large public research university in the United States. Participants were tasked with installing each of the four tools as well as trying them out on three test articles. Both students and faculty tended to favor simple, clean design elements and straightforward functionality that enabled them to use the tools with limited instruction. Participants familiar with other browser extensions gravitated towards tools like Open Access Button, whereas those less experienced with other extensions preferred tools that load automatically, such as Unpaywall.
LibraryVPN
Authors: McAndrew Chuck
Published: June 2020

Describes the state of the LibraryVPN project. This is an IMLS funded project (LG-36-19-0071-19) to develop VPN software that libraries can host for their patrons. This will allow patrons to secure their internet traffic from wherever they are using their local library's VPN.
Mere hverdag i sundhedsvæsenet
Authors: Ørtenblad Lisbeth
Published: June 2020

Denne artikel udforsker, hvordan kroniske sygdomme erfares og hvordan livet med multisygdom leves. Med udgangspunkt i multisyges perspektiver på deres hverdagsliv vises,  hvorledes multisyge balancerer de mange behandlinger og anden pasning af sygdommene og hensyn og ønsker til hverdagslivet med arbejde, familie og andre sociale relationer. Artiklen vises, at hverdagslivet ikke bare påvirkes af sundhedsvæsenet og de behandlingsbyrder sundhedsvæsenets organisatoriske og faglige forankring i specialisering af enkeltsygdomme bidrager til. Hverdagslivet er også en central medspiller i multisyges håndtering af de di-lemmaer, der opstår i krydsfeltet mellem multisygdom, hverdagsliv og sundhedsvæsen. På den baggrund peger artiklen på et behov for at inkludere hverdagsliv i sundhedsvæsenet og i tilrettelæggelse af behandlingsforløb. Artiklens resultater bygger på fokusgruppeinterview og på et antropologisk feltarbejde med deltager-observation og interviews blandt mennesker med multisygdom.
Node Overlap Removal Algorithms: an Extended Comparative Study
Authors: Chen Fati , Piccinini Laurent , Poncelet Pascal , Sallaberry Arnaud
Published: June 2020

In the context of graph layout, many algorithms have been designed to remove node overlapping, and many quality criteria and associated metrics have been proposed to evaluate those algorithms. Unfortunately, a complete comparison of the algorithms based on some metrics that evaluate their quality has never been provided and it is thus difficult for a visualisation designer to select the algorithm that best suits their needs. In this paper, we review 22 metrics available in the literature, classify them according to the quality criteria they try to capture, and select a representative one for each class. Based on the selected metrics,we compare 9 node overlap removal algorithms. Our experiment involves 854 synthetic and real-world graphs. Finally, we propose a JavaScript library containing both the algorithms and the criteria, and we provide a Web platform, AGORA, in which one can upload graphs, apply the algorithms and compare/download the results.
Bundled Crossings Revisited
Authors: Chaplick Steven , Van Dijk Thomas , Kryven Myroslav , Park Ji-won , Ravsky Alexander , Wolff Alexander
Published: June 2020

An effective way to reduce clutter in
a graph drawing that has (many) crossings is to group
edges that travel in parallel into bundles.
Each edge can participate in many such bundles.
Any crossing in this bundled
graph occurs between two bundles, i.e., as a bundled crossing.
We consider the problem of bundled crossing minimization:
A graph is given and the goal is to find
a bundled drawing with at most $k$ bundled crossings.
We show that the problem is NP-hard when we require a simple drawing.
Our main result is an FPT algorithm (in $k$)
for simple circular layouts where vertices must be placed on
a circle and edges must be drawn inside the circle.
These results make use of the connection between bundled crossings
and graph genus. We also consider bundling crossings in a given
drawing, in particular for storyline visualizations.
El albañil José Urbiso y su decisiva contribución a la construcción de la iglesia del Colegio de la Compañía de Jesús de Calatayud
Authors: Mendoza Maeztu Naike , Navarro Catalán David Miguel
Published: June 2020

La iglesia del colegio de la Compañía de Jesús de Calatayud presenta un dilatado proceso constructivo y decorativo que abarca desde el siglo XVII hasta el siglo XVIII. Este artículo profundiza en sus diferentes fases históricas aportando documentación inédita en la que destaca la capitulación de la nave de la iglesia con el albañil José Urbiso. En sus obras intervienen un gran número de artífices entre los que se incluye un grupo de miembros de la Compañía cuya actividad era ignorada hasta el momento como la del hermano José Iraola. Además, el descubrimiento del proyecto encargado por el hermano Antonio Ambrosio contribuye a incrementar el conocimiento de nuevos arquitectos miembros de la Compañía en al ámbito de la provincia jesuita de Aragón