bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis and Visualization of Covid-19 Related Notifications Received at 112
Authors:   Georgian Technical University, Kutateladze Rusudan , Kobiashvili Ana ,   Georgian Technical University, Darchiashvili Nodar ,   Georgian Technical University
Published: December 2021

The coronavirus pandemic has significantly changed a person's life and almost all areas of his activity. One of the organizations whose activities are directly related to the management of the pandemic is the Emergency Management Center 112. It is actively involved in the process of managing the coronavirus and has been working in a special mode for more than a year to provide timely and highly qualified services to every citizen. Сovid-19 monitoring system developed at the 112 Emergency Management Center is described, whose real-time stability has been compromised by the increasing number of incoming calls during the pandemic. Consequently, a new functionality has been created, the purpose of which is the optimal geographical distribution of ambulance crews. The article discusses the front-end part of this functionality. It also describes the process of integrating maps into the application, which results in the transformation of the desired data into map layers and visual representation. The application shows the number of Covid-19 cases along with an additional text. An example of Covid-19 cases map is shown. The illustrations are provided showing the statistical data of both current days and past period.
An Overview of Hydrogeological Works at Nabeghlavi Mineral Water Deposit and Replenishment of the Natural Resources of the Deposit by Atmospheric Precipitation
Authors:   Georgian Technical University, Maghlakelidze Akaki
Published: December 2021

Mineral waters are very important resources of the country. Their moderate consumption and protection is possible through sustainable and efficient management. The paper presents an overview of hydrogeological works carried out on the Nabeghlavi carbonic mineral water deposit. Information on calculation of the natural resource replenishment coefficient with atmospheric precipitation based on the hydrogeological and meteorological data and characterization of geological-technical condition of exploitation drill holes is described. Coefficient of replenishment of the Nabeghlavi mineral water resources with infiltrated atmospheric precipitation has been determined by Darcy’s method. According to the reference historic data, back in 1986, the magnitude of the coefficient was 25,307 m3/ day, whereas in 2000-2020 it has equated 28,125 m3/day. Conventional average of these values made 26,715 m3/day, which is 90 times higher than the current approved operating reserve (296 m3/day) of the deposit.
Hydrochemical Characterization of Nabeghlavi Underground Mineral Waters
Authors:   Georgian Technical University, Maghlakelidze Akaki
Published: December 2021

Georgia is rich in groundwater deposits, which renew over time and are characterized by the best indicators of water quality and a stable regime. Groundwater is one of the main natural productive forces of Georgia, which plays an important role in the economic development and export industry. During 2015–2020, chemical composition of the Nabeghlavi mineral waters has been studied by the means of the modern unified methods. Almost all data from previous chemical analyzes have also been retrieved and systematized/collated. Using mathematical statistical analysis, the maximum, minimum, and mean arithmetic values of the major and specific components of water and the empirical deviation from the arithmetic mean have been calculated. Though comparison of the recent and historic data on chemical composition, based on the results of statistical analysis of the major ions, the natural fluctuation limits of the waters and stability of waters from all exploitation drill holes have been shown. According to the chemical composition and total mineralization there are three groups of waters in fresh and low mineralized category. It is shown that chemical composition of water from all exploitation drill holes meets requirements for the natural mineral water category, both the normative document of Georgia and directive of the European Commission.
Mathematical Models for Asymmetric Warfare
Authors:   Georgian Technical University, Maisuradze Levan
Published: December 2021

Differential equations developed by William Lanchester for combat models are still used by military theorists in traditional and asymmetric wars. The paper focuses on the asymmetric situation encountered in narrow exits on the battlefield, where it is impossible to concentrate the entire firepower. Based on the application of the Lancaster Equation, it is determined that in order to achieve parity, it is necessary to destroy targets by sequentially massaging fire. The mathematical model proposed for the destruction of forces by divisions even allows to determine how to divide the opposing forces into the optimal number for each battle. Based on the research, the influence of the time factor on the element of surprise is determined and a mathematical model is developed, which can determine the effective period of fighting the opponent.
Impact of Modern Technologies on Combat and Military Decisions
Authors:   Georgian Technical University, Avsajanishvili Ioseb
Published: December 2021

The history of the society development and its scientific and technological progress is constantly correlated with the history of wars. The desire to raise a person’s standard of living, the rapid pace of life and the aspiration to its high quality have always depended on inventions, technological innovations and the continuous process of development. Military science and the military industry are no exception. The importance of using modern technologies and precision intellectual weapons in a 21st century war is discussed. The issue of reconnaissance drones and the kinetic-strike capability of drones in combat is highlighted, as well as their support by space-based systems. This opened a new era in the art of modern warfare and pointed to the transformation of modern warfare. The article discusses features that have actually emerged in combat in airspace and cyberspace. All the challenges and problems that accompany military decision-making process are shown in the synthesis of these actions. The role and significance of reconnaissance and fighter drones in modern large-scale or local combat operations, especially for a small country like Georgia, are also discussed.
Budget Allocation System of a Highly Urbanized Local Government Unit in Central Luzon, Philippines
Authors: Lorenzo Evangeline , Paguio Darwin , R. Asio John Mark
Published: December 2021

The study determined the local planning and budget process of a highly urbanized local government unit (LGU) in Central Luzon, Philippines. It involves all department concerns and civil society organizations (CSOs) that use the City's local governance performance management system (LGPMS). The researchers used a descriptive research study to obtain the necessary data from a survey to seventy-five (75) rank and file employees. The researchers used a purposive sampling technique to gather the respondents involved in planning, budgeting, and managing programs and projects. With a self-made instrument that underwent validity, the researchers gathered the essential data for the study. The data were statistically analyzed using frequency, percentage distribution, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and t-test for independent variables. Preliminary results illustrated that respondents' status was in regular status as division head level, and their years of service were more than sixteen (16) years. The statistical analyses revealed no significant variations in the assessment on the budget allocation system of the local government unit (LGU) as determined on its indicators. The management also agrees that employees work effectively in the budget allocation of the local government unit. The study recommended the orientation and assessment on the current allocation and budget process wherein the department's prioritization can review the objectives and policy decisions.
Oath of Government Employees-Based Standards and Organizational Commitment in a Local Government Unit in Central Luzon, Philippines
Authors: Soriano Imelda
Published: December 2021

The study aimed to assess the organizational commitment and the internalization of the standards contained in the Oath of Government Employees (Panunumpa ng Kawani ng Gobyerno) based on the experience of the employee of the Local Government Unit of Olongapo.  It will specifically focus on four key result areas reflected in the pledge of commitment: honesty and integrity, proper use of government property, fight against corruptions, technical and professional competencies. The researcher used a descriptive research method and utilized a cross-sectional design with the questionnaire as the main data gathering tool. The population of the study consisted of the employees in the different service-delivery units of a highly urbanized city in Central Luzon, Philippines. A sample size representing ten percent (10%) of the total population determined the respondents for the study. The sample respondents were selected among the different service-delivery units of the local government unit using a simple random sampling technique. This study intended to prove the significant difference in the organizational commitment of employees in the local government unit in terms of gender, age, and length of service. Furthermore, the research also tried to determine the relationship between the Oath of Government Employees – Based Standards and Employees Organizational Commitment in the local government unit of the involved highly urbanized city. The result of the study will serve as a basis to develop a proposed Service Charter for each of the service-delivery units of the local government of the City.
Relationship between Introversion and Extroversion Personality and Learning Styles of UPSI Student
Authors: Mohd Yunos Faza Reza , Husin Mohd Razimi
Published: December 2021

This research is conducted to identify the Relationship between Introversion and Extroversion Personality with Learning Style of UPSI students. This research is conducted to identify the relationship of the Introversion and Extroversion personality affect the by the Visual, Auditory and Kinesthetic (VAK) learning style. In addition, suitable activities are also discussed to suit the needs of introversion and extroversion personality. A total of 233 second year UPSI students were selected in this research. The data was collected using questionnaire and divided into two parts. The first part is the identification of the introversion and extroversion personality of the respondent and the second part is the learning style of the respondent which are divided into 3 parts which are Visual, Auditory and Kinesthetic. The data collected was then analysed using Pearson Correlation test. The Pearson Correlation test shows no significant between the introversion and extroversion personality of the respondent and the VAK learning style due to the p=.730. Suitable activities consist of hands-on and group activities is among the major suggestion collected from the respondent. In conclusion, although there is no significant between Introversion and Extroversion personality and VAK learning style, the teacher should pay attention to their students’ behavior in a learning environment to ensure the engagement of the students towards the lesson taught by them
Analysis of the Effectiveness of Determining the Horizontal Curvature of a Track Axis Using a Moving Chord
Authors: Koc Władysław
Published: December 2021

The paper addresses the issue of determining the horizontal curvature of a railway track, noting that it is most often done indirectly – on the basis of measured sags from a chord stretched along the track. Further use of this method would not be justified if there were a direct method for determining the curvature. Therefore, the assumptions of the method for deter-mining the horizontal curvature from “Archives of Civil Engineering”, iss. 4/2020, are presented. This method is based on changes in the slope angles of the moving chord in the Cartesian coordinate system. Two important details are examined: the influence of the length of the chord on the obtained values of curvature and the possibility of determining the location of border points between particular geometrical elements. The analysed variants resulted from the type of transition curves used. It has been found that the length of the chord does not play a significant role in determining the curvature and does not limit the application of this method. At the same time, attention is drawn to the precision of determining the nature of the curvature and its compliance with the theoretical course on transition curves. The analysis shows that, in the moving chord method, it is possible to determine the location of the border points between the individual geometrical elements, but the required chord length must be adapted to the type of transition curve. Keywords: railway, horizontal curvature, moving chord, analysis methodology
Zaskarżalność czynności organizatora publicznego transportu zbiorowego w przewozach kolejowych szczebla wojewódzkiego – uwagi na kanwie orzeczenia II SA/Ke 329/15
Authors: Mazur Bartosz
Published: December 2021

Ogłaszanie zamiarów przez organizatorów publicznego transportu zbiorowego z odpowiednim wyprzedzeniem ma za zadanie umożliwienie podjęcia odpowiednich kroków przez uczestników rynku, właściwych dla obranego trybu przyznawania kontraktu. W przypadku wyboru trybu bezpośredniego dopuszczona została kontrola sądowa postępowania organizatora, jako wyraz promowania transparentnych, niedyskryminujących procedur rynkowych. W artykule opisano poszczególne etapy postępowania przygotowawczego organizatora, wskazując jednocześnie na to, że skarżąca strona musiała mierzyć się z obiektywną trudnością wskazania tego, co mogłoby być skarżone. Kolejne etapy były tak skonstruowane, że trudno było jednoznacznie wskazać zamiary organizatora. Słowa kluczowe: zamówienie publiczne, organizator transportu publicznego, skarga sądowa
Cybersecurity Guidelines for the Employees of the Railway Entities
Authors: Pawlik Marek
Published: December 2021

European Commission has published a nearly 50-page-long document on cybersecurity in transport called the Transport cybersecurity toolkit. As part of the work of ISAC-Kolej (the Information Sharing and Analysis Center for the railway trans-port sub-sector), guidelines in terms of cybersecurity for the employees of the railway entities have been developed and adopted. This article briefly discusses the European and Polish activities taken in order to protect railway transport against cyberthreats and shares the guidelines for employees adopted by ISAC-Kolej. Considering the increasingly widespread use of digital solutions, both for supporting operations of the business entities that constitute the railway system and for rail-way traffic management and supervision, these guidelines should be disseminated to the maximum possible extent among railway employees that use computers in their work. Keywords: information systems (IT), operational systems (OT), cybersecurity
Zjawiska aerodynamiczne wywołane przejazdem pociągu. Część 1: Oddziaływanie ciśnienia na obiekty
Authors: Zbieć Andrzej
Published: December 2021

W cyklu artykułów opisujących zjawiska aerodynamiczne wywołane przejazdem pociągu będą scharakteryzowane oddziaływania pociągu jadącego z dużą prędkością na sam jadący pociąg, na inne pociągi, na obiekty znajdujące się przy torze oraz na ludzi. Oddziaływanie to może być dwojakiego rodzaju: przez wytwarzane ciśnienie i przez podmuch. Oprócz analizy literatury, uwzględniono badania przeprowadzone przez autora. W pierwszej części cyklu opisano ogólną klasyfikację zjawisk aerodynamicznych, przebieg zmian ciśnienia w otwartej przestrzeni wywołanych przejazdem pociągu oraz oddziaływanie ciśnienia na obiekty znajdujące się obok toru. Przedstawiono wnioski dotyczące budowy szybkiego pojazdu kolejowego oraz wytrzymałości i usytuowania konstrukcji przy liniach dużych prędkości. Słowa kluczowe: tabor kolejowy, koleje dużych prędkości, zjawiska aerodynamiczne
Tory doświadczalne i ich rola w badaniach taboru oraz infrastruktury kolejowej
Authors: Massel Andrzej
Published: December 2021

W celu przyspieszenia procesu wdrażania innowacyjnych rozwiązań w transporcie kolejowym, przy jednoczesnym zapewnieniu wymaganej ich jakości, w niektórych krajach Europy i Świata wykorzystuje się poligony badawcze. W szczególności, do takich poligonów należą tory doświadczalne, a ich szczególną grupę stanowią okręgi doświadczalne. Zaletą wykorzystywania w badaniach specjalistycznej infrastruktury jest przede wszystkim możliwość uzyskania warunków analogicznych do panujących na liniach kolejowych bez wzajemnego wpływu badań na realizację zadań przewozowych, zapewnienia takich samych warunków dla badań porównawczych oraz zagwarantowania warunków do prowadzenia badań w sposób ciągły, co wydatnie skraca czas ich trwania i przyspiesza uzyskanie wyników. W artykule przedstawiono parametry eksploatowanych torów doświadczalnych, dokonano także ich porównania i klasyfikacji w kontekście możliwości prowadzenia różnego rodzaju badań. Słowa kluczowe: tor doświadczalny, okrąg doświadczalny, badania, tabor kolejowy, infrastruktura
Design and Implementation of an Ultra-Low-Power ECG Patch and Smart Cloud-Based Platform
Authors: Baraeinejad Bardia , Fallah Shayan Masood , Vazifeh Amir Reza , Rashidi Diba , Saberi Hamedani Mohammad , Tavolinejad Hamed , Gorji Pouya , Razmara Parsa , Vaziri Kiarash , Vashaee Daryoosh , Fakharzadeh Mohammad
Published: December 2021

This paper reports a new device for electrocardiogram (ECG) signal
monitoring and software for signal analysis and artificial intelligence (AI)
assisted diagnosis.

The hardware
mitigates the signal loss common in previous products by enhancing the ergonomy,
flexibility, and battery life. The power efficiency is optimized by design
using switching converters, ultra-low-power components, and efficient signal
processing. It enables 14-day of uninterrupted ECG monitoring and connectivity
with a smartphone and microSD card storage.

The software is
implemented in Android app and web-based platforms via Internet of Things
(IoT). This component provides cloud-based and local storage and uses AI for
arrhythmia detection. The arrhythmia detection algorithm shows 98.7% accuracy
using Artificial Neural Network and K-Nearest Neighbors methods, and 98.1%
using Decision Tree method on test data set.
Activation Function: Absolute Function, One Function Behaves more Individualized
Authors: Wei Jinxin , Hou Zhe
Published: December 2021

Inspire by nature world mode, a activation function is proposed. It is absolute function.Through test on mnist dataset and fully-connected neural network and convolutional neural network, some conclusions are put forward. The line of accuracy of absolute function is a little shaken that is different from the line of accuracy of relu and leaky relu. The absolute function can keep the negative parts as equal as the positive parts, so the individualization is more active than relu and leaky relu function. In order to generalization, the individualization is the reason of shake, the accuracy may be good in some set and may be worse in some set. The absolute function is less likely to be over-fitting. The batch size is small, the individualization is clear, vice versa. Through test on mnist and autoencoder, It is that the leaky relu function can do classification task well, while the absolute function can do generation task well. Because the classification task need more universality and generation task need more individualization. The pleasure irritation and painful irritation is not only the magnitude differences, but also the sign differences, so the negative part should keep as a part. Stimulation which happens frequently is low value, it is showed around zero in figure 1 . Stimulation which happens accidentally is high value, it is showed far away from zero in figure 1. So the high value is the big stimulation, which is individualization.
Activation Function: Absolute Function, One Function Behaves more Individualized
Authors: Wei Jinxin , Hou Zhe
Published: December 2021

Inspire by nature world mode, a activation function is proposed. It is absolute function.Through test on mnist dataset and fully-connected neural network and convolutional neural network, some conclusions are put forward. The line of accuracy of absolute function is shaked around the training accuracy that is different from the line of accuracy of relu and leaky relu. The absolute function can keep the negative parts as equal as the positive parts, so the individualization is more active than relu and leaky relu function. The absolute function is less likely to be over-fitting. Through teat on mnist and autoencoder, It is that the leaky relu function can do classification task well, while the absolute function can do generation task well. Because the classification task need more universality and generation task need more individualization. The pleasure irritation and painful irritation is not only the magnitude differences, but also the sign differences, so the negative parts should keep as a part.Stimulation which happens frequently is low value, it is showed around zero in figure 1 . Stimulation which happens accidentally is high value, it is showed far away from zero in figure 1. So the high value is the big stimulation, which is individualization.
Resume Parser with Natural Language Processing
Authors: Sroison Pornphat , Chan Jonathan H.
Published: December 2021

Because the online recruiting system has progressed, a large number of resumes were submitted. As a consequence, hiring new employees and reviewing a large number of resumes is a challenge for the human resource department or employer. Therefore, this system has helped employers by using an automated intelligent system based on natural language processing. This system can convert various formats of resumes to text format and can extract some important information. It is also possible to compare the applicant's resume and the job description to see the percentage of similarity as well. This system can assist the human resource department or employer in screening resumes before conducting interviews and finding the best candidate for the job position.
PET Image Reconstruction with Kernel and Kernel Space Composite Regularizer
Authors: Guo Shiyao , Sheng Yuxia , Li Shenpeng , Chai Li , Zhang Jingxin
Published: December 2021

Represented by the kernelized expectation maximization (KEM), the kernelized maximum-likelihood (ML) expectation maximization (EM) methods have recently gained prominence in PET image reconstruction, outperforming many previous state-of-the-art methods. But they are not immune to the problems of non-kernelized MLEM methods in potentially large reconstruction variance and high sensitivity to iteration number. Also, it is generally difficult to simultaneously reduce image variance and preserve image details using kernels. To solve these problems, this paper presents a novel regularized KEM (RKEM) method with a kernel space composite regularizer for PET image reconstruction. The composite regularizer consists of a convex kernel space graph regularizer that smoothes the kernel coefficients, a non-convex kernel space energy regularizer that enhances the coefficients’ energy, and a composition constant that guarantees the convexity of composite regularizer. These kernel space regularizers are based on the theory of data manifold and graph regularization and can be constructed from different prior image data for simultaneous image variance reduction and image detail preservation. Using this kernel space composite regularizer and the technique of optimization transfer, a globally convergent iterative algorithm is derived for RKEM reconstruction. Tests and comparisons on the simulated and in vivo data are presented to validate and evaluate the proposed algorithm, and demonstrate its better performance and advantages over KEM and other conventional methods.
Impact of Electronic Games on the Increase of School Dropout among Students in the Basic Stage in Jordan from their teachers’ Perspective
Authors: Nisreen A. Alofishat  , Sarr’a A . AlSleibi  , Mohammad S. Alzboon
Published: December 2021

The study aims to identify the impact of electronic games on increasing the dropout rate among students in the basic stage in Jordan from their teachers’ point of view. The study adopted a descriptive survey method. Its community consisted of all fe(male) teachers of the basic stage in public and private schools, (First Amman, Irbid, and special education in Zarqa and Amman). The electronic questionnaire was used as a tool for the study. The results have shown that the effect of electronic games on increasing the dropout rate among students in the basic stage in Jordan was high. Besides, there are statistically significant differences due to the gender variable for males. There are statistically significant differences due to the variables of the school sector and private schools. Besides, there are statistically significant differences due to the variable of specialization and in favor of humanities. The study finally recommended to have more stringent controls by the Ministry of Education on dropout students. It has further recommended to activate the role of the educational counselor in educating students about electronic games, and hold workshops for them on how to invest time properly
Professional Development and its Relationship with some Variables in the Light of Sullivan Theory among Male and Female Teachers in the Basic Education Schools in Sultanate of Oman
Authors: Salim Nasser Said Al-Kahali
Published: December 2021

The study aims to reveal the level of professional development in basic education schools from the male and female teachers’ viewpoint in the Sultanate of Oman. It further aims to examine its relationship with some variables in light of Sullivan theory, and the differences in the level of professional development (teachers’ skills, professional participation, professional development problems) according to the gender variable, and the educational stage (first cycle/ second cycle). The study sample consisted of (93) teachers distributed as such: (46) male teachers, and (47) female teachers. A questionnaire was prepared and applied to measure the level of the professional development of the male and female teachers. The questionnaire consisted of (45) paragraphs. The researcher analyzed the means, standard deviations, and (T) test. Results have shown that that there is a high level of professional development among male and female teachers in the basic education schools in the Sultanate of Oman. Moreover, the dimensional levels have come first after teachers’ skills, second after professional participation, and third after professional development problems. Further, there are no statistically significant differences attributed to the gender and the educational stage variables (first cycle/ second cycle). The study has recommended the importance of benefiting from the applications of psychology and its theories in building, and developing the personalities of male and female teachers and in education sector’s professionals professionally, scientifically, socially, psychologically and academically. It has also recommended to encourage male and female teachers to pursue postgraduate studies and employ procedural research in electronic training and professional development operations.
The Academic Assistance and its Relationship with the College and Stage Variables at the Department of Kindergarten’s Students
Authors: Nabaa Majeed Mutashar  , Jameela R. Abid Al-Waily
Published: December 2021

The study aims at knowing students’ academic assistance at the Department of Kindergarten. It further aims to know the difference of academic assistance among these students with respects to variables like (college of education for women, Baghdad, Thi-Qar). It also aims to know about the difference according to the academic level variable, in addition to its relation to some other variables. To achieve the objectives of the study, a number of university female students were selected from both Baghdad an Thi-Qar Universities in the academic year 2019-2020. The sample of the participants consisted of (400) students from the (second, third, and fourth) levels. To measure the study variable represented by the concept of academic assistance, the researchers designed a measurement test following the scientific steps followed when preparing psychological measurements. Then, the validity and reliability of the measuring test was derived. The researchers further used statistical tools to derive the findings of the study, such as Pearson’s factor, the t-test, and variance analysis). The study has concluded that students have the ability to ask for academic assistance. Besides, there are statistical differences of  the academic assistance according to the college variable. Moreover, there are differences of academic assistance between the second and fourth levels in favor of the second level, and between the third and fourth in favor of the third.
Employment and Labor Union Laws in Japan between the 1889 and 1946 Constitutions: A Comparative Study
Authors: Afrah Mohammed Ali
Published: December 2021

This research is based on the descriptive and analytical methodology. The importance of studying labor laws and labor unions in Japan between 1889 and 1946 constitutions is because Japan was out of a feudal phase, and had no idea about the factory system and industrialization in their modern sense before the Meiji era. Generally, its labor system used to be mostly familial, and the economic system was based on agriculture. This called for the enactment of legislations and laws appropriate for the coming phase in Meiji era. Thus, this paper examines the role of Meiji government in enacting labor legislations and laws when he came to power in 1896, and his new constitution in 1889 and the civil code of 1896. It further examines the way Meiji government and the following Japanese governments until the end of World War II did not abide by Meiji laws and stipulations of the constitution with their abusive actions in ending the workers’ strikes and disputes, with the inequality between genders in labor and wages, and the use of child labor in factories in an inhuman way. The paper clarifies the role of the American occupation of Japan (1945-1952) after dissolving Meiji constitution and legislations and the government measures that followed them to enact new legislations, laws and constitution for Japan on November 3, 1946, which was active in May 3, 1947. The paper has concluded that the American occupation policy of Japan was able to avoid the dissidence of millions of Japanese workers, whose level of livelihood was deteriorating after their country lost the war, and convert them from a dissident group against the occupation to a peaceful group which did not target the occupation in their future goals.
KARAKTERISASI SIMPLISIA DAN EKSTRAK KULIT BATANG SEKILANG (Embelia borneensis Scheff.)
Authors: Supriningrum Risa , Sundu Reksi , Sentat Triswanto ,   Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Samarinda, Niah Rakhmadhan , Kumalasari Eka ,   Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan ISFI Banjarmasin
Published: December 2021

The Sekilang plant (Embelia borneensis Scheff.) Is one of the plants used by the Dayak community for fishing, leech repellent and as an ingredient for hair care. Empirical use of plants can be developed into products based on natural ingredients. This must be supported by research data. As a first step, the simplicia and ethanol extract of the stem bark were characterized. The research objective was to determine the specific and non-specific characteristics of the simplicia and the extracts of the bark of the sekilang. The research stage includes plant determination, collection of raw materials, manufacture of simplicia, extract preparation, organoleptic, microscopic testing, phytochemical screening, determination of water soluble extract content, determination of ethanol soluble extract content, determination of water content and determination of ash content. Microscopy test results of sekilang stem bark showed the presence of fiber fragments, stone cells, and oxalate crystals. The average water soluble content for simplicia and sekilang bark extract was 7.5% and 80%. The average ethanol soluble content for simplicia and extract was 6% and 30%. The average moisture content for the simplicia and extract was 9.5% and 12%. The mean total ash content for simplicia and extract was 5% and 8.5%. The mean acid insoluble ash content for simplicia and extract was 1% and 0.5%.
ANALISIS KADAR VITAMIN C PADA KUBIS MERAH (Brassica oleracea L. var capitata) YANG DIBUAT JUS DENGAN VARIASI LAMA PENYIMPANAN
Authors:   Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Nasional, Nur Aini Siska , Emy Dhurhania Crescentiana
Published: December 2021

Vitamin C is an antioxidant that is contained in red cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var capitata). Generally, people store juice ingredients in the refrigerator. This research was carried out to determine the effect of storage time on vitamin C levels in juiced red cabbage. The variation of storage time used was 1, 4, and 7 days with a storage temperature of 5 oC. Qualitative test using iodine, Fehling, and ammonium molybdate reagent gave positive results containing vitamin C. The quantitative test was carried out by UV-Vis spectrophotometry at a maximum wavelength of 570.5 nm with operating time at 20 minutes after the test solution was added with H2SO4 and ammonium molybdate. The quantitative test results showed that the level of vitamin C on the first day was 63.92 mg / 100 g, on the fourth day was 63.32 mg / 100 g, on the seventh day was 62.52 mg / 100 g red cabbage with coefficients of variation 0.26%. The Tukey test resulted in a p value of more than ??0.05, ie 0.831, so that the levels of vitamin C red cabbage juice made on the 1st, 4th, and 7th days were not significantly different.
ANALISIS EFEKTIVITAS BIAYA PENGGUNAAN AMLODIPIN DIBANDINGKAN KAPTOPRIL PADA PASIEN HIPERTENSI DI RUMAH SAKIT UMUM DAERAH MAJENE PERIODE JANUARI HINGGA JUNI TAHUN 2019
Authors:   Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Muslim Indonesia, Makassar, Maulana Kamri Andi , Kosman Rachmat , Rahayu Dian
Published: December 2021

Hypertension is a chronic disease that requires long-term treatment and high cost. The research aimed to determine a more cost-effective treatment between amlodipine and captopril in hypertensive patients at Majene Hospital from January to June 2019. The sampling technique was purposive sampling with a cross-sectional method. The data collection was obtained from medical records and direct medical costs of hypertensive patients who take amlodipine or captopril. The Mann-Whitney statistical test was performed to determine the significant difference between the treatment groups. The results showed that the Average Cost Effectiveness Rasio (ACER) value of the 5 mg amlodipine and 12.5 mg captopril groups was Rp. 4233.3 and Rp. 4904 with an Incremental Cost Effectiveness rasio (ICER) value of Rp. 1063.5. Meanwhile, the Average Cost Effectiveness Rasio (ACER) value of the 10 mg amlodipine and 25 mg captopril group was Rp. 3764,7 and Rp. 4875.1. In conclusion, amlodipine is more cost effective than captopril.
FORMULASI, KARAKTERISASI DAN UJI STABILITAS MIKROEMULSI MINYAK NILAM (Pogostemon cablin Benth.)
Authors:   Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Farmasi Riau, Pekanbaru, Indonesia, Iskandar Benni , Lukman Anita ,   Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Farmasi Riau, Pekanbaru, Indonesia, Tartilla Raesa ,   Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Farmasi Riau, Pekanbaru, Indonesia, Dwi Condro Surboyo Meircurius ,   Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia, Leny Leny ,   Fakultas Farmasi dan Kesehatan, Institut Kesehatan Helvetia, Medan, Indonesia
Published: December 2021

Patchouli oil contains patchouli alcohol as the main component which is a tricyclic tertiary alcohol sesquiterpene compound that is insoluble in water. Microemulsion is a droplet dispersion technology that combines an insoluble liquid with another liquid. The role of surfactants in helping the dispersion process of microemulsion formulation is by reducing the interfacial tension. Microemulsion is a supersolvents carrier, so that both hydrophilic and lipophilic can be administered through a microemulsion system. The purpose of this study was to formulate patchouli oil into a stable microemulsion preparation. This research was conducted by making 4 preparations of patchouli oil microemulsion containing 5% (F1), 10% (F2), and 15% (F3) patchouli oil, and microemulsion without patchouli oil (F0). Evaluation of microemulsion preparations includes organoleptic test, pH measurement, density determination, viscosity test, freeze and thaw test, centrifugation test, and particle size analysis. The test results showed that the microemulsion containing 5% patchouli oil had the most stable characteristics compared to other formulas.
ANALISIS HUBUNGAN KEPATUHAN PENGOBATAN TERHADAP KONTROL GLIKEMIK PASIEN DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2DI INSTALASI RAWAT JALAN RUMAH SAKIT “X”BULELENG
Authors:   Program Studi Sarjana Farmasi, Sekolah Tinggi Farmasi Mahaganesha, rdeliani I Gusti Ayu Indira , Ratnasari Pande Made Desy ,   Program Studi Sarjana Farmasi, Sekolah Tinggi Farmasi Mahaganesha, Yuliawati Agustina Nila ,   Program Studi Sarjana Farmasi, Sekolah Tinggi Farmasi Mahaganesha
Published: December 2021

Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic disease that requires long-term treatment. There were problems related to antidiabetic medication adherence. Medication adherence directly affects patient’s blood glucose level. The aim of this study was to analyze the association between the medication adherence and glycemic control among T2DM patients. The study was an observational with cross sectional design. Participants were 90 of T2DM outpatient at “X” Buleleng General Hospital in July-September 2020. T2DM patients were included if age ?18 years, received the same antidiabetic for three months before the study, sign informed consent, fill out the questionnare and have fully medical record data. Patient are excluded if having weak general condition, were pregnant or breastfeeding. Data was collected through interview using the Probabilistic Medication Adherence Scale (ProMAS) questionnaire and based on patient’s medical records. Data were analyzed with Kruskall-Wallis test. The results showed that most of patients were male (55.6%), aged 46-65 years (61.1%), had DM for 5-10 years (46.7%), elementary school (37.8%), with comordbidities (50%) and without complications (77.8%). Majority of patients (42.2%) showed moderate-high medication adherence and the majority of patients (66.7%) has uncontrolled blood glucose. Based on statistical tests, there was no association between medication adherence with patient’s glycemic control (p=0.168). In dispite of it, finding showed that the level of medication adherence had an impact on glycemic control. Patients with high medication adherence showed better glycemic control.
AKTIVITAS FRAKSI ETIL ASETAT KULIT BUAH JERUK NIPIS (Citrus aurantifolia (Christ) Swing) SEBAGAI ANTIPIRETIK PADA MENCIT YANG DIINDUKSI VAKSIN DPT
Authors:   Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Borneo Lestari, Rahmatullah Satrio Wibowo , Susiani Eka Fitri , Fahlevi Muhammad Reza , Kurniawan Guntur , Leyla Siti Nurhaliza ,   Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Borneo Lestari
Published: December 2021

Lime (Citrus aurantifolia (Christm.) Swing) is one of the types of oranges containing elements of compounds that are beneficial, so widely used as traditional medicine. This research aims to know the antipyretic activity of ethyl acetate fraction peel of lime. Phytochemical screening test result fraction ethyl acetate lemon rind contains flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids and essential oils. Total of 25 mice were divided into 5 groups, group I negative control, group II positive control, group III,IV,V were given ethyl acetate fraction at a dose of 0,07%/gBW,, 0,105%/gBWand 0,14%/gBW. Based on the results of graph average temperatures decrease the dose that the third has antipyretic activity because it can lower the temperature and the largest decreased in temperature at a dose 0,14%/gBW. Based on the test result ANOVA obtained sig. value 0,000. which means there is a temperature difference of meaning between 5 group treatment. And on Independent Test Sample T-test between a positive control with a dose 0,14%/gBW the value of sig. 0,601 (> 0,05) which means there is no meaningful difference.
FORMULASI SEDIAAN GEL PEEL-OFF EKSTRAK BUAH LIMPASU (Baccaurea lanceolate (Miq) Mull.Arg.) SEBAGAI ANTIBAKTERI
Authors:   STIKES Darul Azhar Batulicin, Setiawan Deni , Mahdi Nur , Praristiya Muhammad Riki Shindi
Published: December 2021

Skin is a protective layer of the body as well as an aesthetic factor to protect from exposure foreign substances and sunlight. Some problems that may arise on the skin include premature aging and acne. The use of natural ingredients as cosmetics is increasing, one of which is the limpasu fruit peel-off gel mask. This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity of the ethanol extract of limpasu fruit extract. The formulation was made with three concentrations of ethanol extract of limpasu fruit (Baccaurea lanceolate) 4, 6 and 8 grams. The formula was tested on E.coli. The yield of limpasu fruit extract was 30.49 grams or 7.81%. Results of preliminary identification of ethanol extract containing saponins and flavonoids. The results of the antibacterial test formulas 1 to 3 had inhibition zones 12, 53; 7.94 and 9.97 mm with a positive control of tetracycline which had an average inhibition zone of 28.87 mm. The peel-off gel formulation had antibacterial activity because the average inhibition zone was more than 6 mm.
Analysis of forms of interdepartmental interaction in the anti-drug sphere: organizational aspect
Authors: Litvinenko Aleksandr , Totoev Renat
Published: December 2021

Today in the context of a difficult situation related to the distribution and use of drugs, there is a need to review the practical application of preventive measures in the anti-drug sphere. The separation of departments and the ineffectiveness of the impact on the situation with narcotic drugs from the executive authorities require the improvement of joint activities.

The authors show that the coordination of forms of interdepartmental interaction contributes to the targeted fight against illicit drug trafficking and their use.

The article analyzes the forms of interdepartmental interaction in the field of drug control and suggests ways to improve them. For this purpose, based on the experience of different regions in interdepartmental cooperation in the fight against drugs, the main forms and priority areas of such interaction were studied.
Growing Need for Alternative Covid-19 Vaccination Strategy in the Face of Vaccination Uptake Hesitancy in the United States
Authors:   Department of Business Administration, Texas Woman’s University, Texas USA., Ikhalea Nura , Mohammed Hafsah , Ikhalea Nura ,   Middle Space Consulting, 35 Justice Sowemimo St, Asokoro 900110, Abuja, Nigeria., Mohammed Hafsah
Published: December 2021

There has been accelerated effort geared towards the swift creation of COVID-19 vaccines; however, this fast pace poses a negative impact on vaccine acceptance. The current US COVID vaccine hesitancy of 23-33% has a ripple effect and makes it impossible to attain community immunity. The primary aim of this study was to assess the current COVID vaccine hesitancy rates and to argue for the need of more effective strategies to improve its uptake in the US. This paper reviewed quantitative peer-reviewed publications assessing COVID vaccine hesitancy in the US. It was revealed that COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy was influenced by myriad factors like gender, education, political affiliation, race and location. Transparency and a mix of communication, local partnerships, incentives and arguably legal strategies can be adopted to attenuate US COVID vaccine hesitancy. Lastly, vulnerable demographics (black Americans and conservatives) need targeted COVID vaccine information. Keywords: Covid 19 Vaccines, Herd Immunity, Vaccine Uptake, Hesitancy and Vaccine Education
Investigation of the positioning accuracy for the integrated navigation system at the measurement signals interruption
Authors:   Kupriyanov A.O. Maslennikov A.L. Kuznetsov D.A. Morozov D.A.
Published: December 2021

An integrated navigation system as part of an inertial navigation system corrected by signals from a satellite navigation system is researched. The integrated navigation system is installed on a mobile carrier is arranged. The organization of the experimental study, the design of the stand used to install the equipment on a mobile carrier, and the measurement processing technique are considered. When the signals of the satellite system disappear, signal prediction algorithms are used. The results of assessing the positioning accuracy of the integrated navigation system in case of discontinuities in the reception of navigation signals, assessing the forecast accuracy by using the presented algorithms and conclusions drawn from the analysis of the results are presented.

Keywords
inertial navigation system; satellite navigation system; predictive model; positioning accuracy; trends; self-organization; identification
ОЦЕНКА РЕКРЕАЦИОННЫХ НАГРУЗОК ЭКОТЕРРИТОРИЙ
Authors: Платонова А.С. , Нафикова Э.В.
Published: December 2021

В статье описаны особенности развития и потенциала природных экотерриторий, влияние на них потоков туристов. Разработана и апробирована программа для ЭВМ по расчету рекреационной нагрузки территорий, описан принцип ее работыи возможности конечного вывода данных. Предложено решение по снижению рекреационных нагрузок с помощью системы утилизации органических отходов от кафе, расположенных на особо охраняемых территориях.
ВЛИЯНИЕ ВЕТРОВОГО РЕЖИМА НА ПОГОДУ И КЛИМАТ МЕЗЕНСКОГО РАЙОНА
Authors: Попова В.Г. , Поликина Л.Н.
Published: December 2021

В данной статье рассмотрены ветровые характеристики и их влияние на погоду и климат района исследования.
КОНТРОЛЬ СОСТОЯНИЯ АТМОСФЕРНОГО ВОЗДУХА ГОРОДА ТОБОЛЬСКА ПО ФЕРТИЛЬНОСТИ ПЫЛЬЦЫ БЕРЕЗЫ ПОВИСЛОЙ (BETULA PENDULA)
Authors: Соломкина О.И.
Published: December 2021

В статье представлено изучение источников литературы по теме исследования и их анализ. Описана методика определения процентного соотношения фертильной пыльцы березы повислой(Betulapendula). Проведено исследование отобранного материала и сделаны выводы о качестве атмосферного воздуха. Определено состояние атмосферного воздуха на территории Тобольска по качеству пыльцевых зерен березы повислой(Betulapendula).
ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ ГИДРОГРАФИЧЕСКОЙ СЕТИ АЗЕРБАЙДЖАНА
Authors: Хасанлы Гюнай
Published: December 2021

Гидрологические изыскания и расчеты производятся с учетом основных географических и морфологических особенностей водных объектов и их водоемов. Эти особенности отражают большое количество гидрографических характеристик, определение которых входит в задачу гидрологической картометрии. В представленном документе рассматриваются характеристики гидрографической сети Азербайджана. Представлено гидрографическое описание водных ресурсов.
ПРИРОДНЫЕ ФАКТОРЫ ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ ОЦЕНКИ ПОТЕНЦИАЛА ЛАНДШАФТОВ (НА ПРИМЕРЕ ЛАНДШАФТОВ ГРУЗИИ)
Authors: Элизбарашвили Н.К.
Published: December 2021

Устойчивое развитие в последние десятилетия можно считать одним из основных направлений географической науки и географического образования. Актуальным является вопрос о тех территориальных единицах, которые могут стать фокусом географического исследования устойчивого развития. Ландшафтное планирование также является разнообразным развивающимся научным и практическим направлением, частично нивелирующим отмеченную проблему. Однако остаются вопросы, связанные с комплексной оценкой ландшафтного анализа и синтеза, ландшафтно-экологического потенциала и функции ландшафтов. В статье рассматривается сущность ландшафтного потенциала, его виды, критерии определения ландшафтного потенциала, дается оценка ресурсного и рекреационного потенциала ландшафтов Грузии, а также характеристики их устойчивого развития.