bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anti-C1q autoantibodies from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus induce C1q production by macrophages
Authors: Thanei Sophia , Trendelenburg Marten
Published: September 2016

Antibodies against C1q (anti-C1q) are frequently found in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The anti-C1q antibodies strongly correlate with the occurrence of lupus nephritis and low-circulating C1q levels. Previous studies have demonstrated that myeloid cells, i.e., dendritic cells and macrophages, are a major source of C1q. However, a direct effect of anti-C1q on C1q secretion by macrophages has not yet been established. In the present study, we investigated the C1q secretion profile of in vitro human monocyte-derived macrophages (HMDMs) obtained from healthy donors and from patients with SLE. The effect of SLE patient-derived anti-C1q bound to immobilized C1q (imC1q) and imC1q alone on HMDMs was investigated by C1q secretion levels, the expression of membrane-bound and intracellular C1q using flow cytometry and ImageStreamX technology, and testing the ability of secreted C1q to activate the classical pathway (CP) of the complement. Bound anti-C1q induced significantly greater C1q secretion levels as compared with imC1q alone or healthy donor IgG. The extent of C1q secretion by HMDMs correlated with IgG anti-C1q levels of patients with SLE but not of healthy controls. Furthermore, bound autoantibodies and imC1q induced continuous and de novo C1q synthesis as evident by the intracellular C1q content, which correlated with C1q secretion levels. Finally, secreted C1q was able to activate the CP, as reflected by C4b deposition. Interestingly, anti-C1q–dependent C1q secretion could also be observed in SLE patient-derived cells. In conclusion, our data indicate that imC1q-bound anti-C1q strongly stimulate the C1q production by HMDMs. Anti-C1q–induced C1q secretion might be an important immune-modulatory factor in SLE.
Elastic orthorhombic anisotropic parameter inversion: An analysis of parameterization
Authors: Oh Ju-Won , Alkhalifah Tariq
Published: September 2016

The resolution of a multiparameter full-waveform inversion (FWI) is highly influenced by the parameterization used in the inversion algorithm, as well as the data quality and the sensitivity of the data to the elastic parameters because the scattering patterns of the partial derivative wavefields (PDWs) vary with parameterization. For this reason, it is important to identify an optimal parameterization for elastic orthorhombic FWI by analyzing the radiation patterns of the PDWs for many reasonable model parameterizations. We have promoted a parameterization that allows for the separation of the anisotropic properties in the radiation patterns. The central parameter of this parameterization is the horizontal P-wave velocity, with an isotropic scattering potential, influencing the data at all scales and directions. This parameterization decouples the influence of the scattering potential given by the P-wave velocity perturbation from the polar changes described by two dimensionless parameter perturbations and from the azimuthal variation given by three additional dimensionless parameters perturbations. In addition, the scattering potentials of the P-wave velocity perturbation are also decoupled from the elastic influences given by one S-wave velocity and two additional dimensionless parameter perturbations. The vertical S-wave velocity is chosen with the best resolution obtained from S-wave reflections and converted waves, and little influence on P-waves in conventional surface seismic acquisition. The influence of the density on observed data can be absorbed by one anisotropic parameter that has a similar radiation pattern. The additional seven dimensionless parameters describe the polar and azimuth variations in the P- and S-waves that we may acquire, with some of the parameters having distinct influences on the recorded data on the earth’s surface. These characteristics of the new parameterization offer the potential for a multistage inversion from high symmetry anisotropy to lower symmetry ones.
Exact wavefield reconstruction on finite-difference grids with minimal memory requirements
Authors: Vasmel Marlies , Robertsson Johan O. A.
Published: September 2016

Wavefield injection in finite-difference (FD) grids can be described by the method of multiple point sources. The method teaches how synthetically generated wavefields and wavefield constituents can be reconstructed from surface recordings using a combination of monopole and dipole sources on an injection surface surrounding the model. We show how to properly record surface wavefields and inject point sources in staggered FD grids, in a way that is consistent with the order of spatial accuracy of the FD scheme. The description is general and can be used for schemes of any order. Only one or two surface wavefields are required to reconstruct the original wavefields or wavefield constituents to numerical precision, independent of the order of spatial accuracy of the FD stencil. We have applied the method for the separation of up- and downgoing wavefields and for source wavefield reconstruction for reverse time migration. Our implementation enables accurate source wavefield reconstruction with optimally minimal memory requirements.
Bayesian linearized rock-physics inversion
Authors: Grana Dario
Published: September 2016

The estimation of rock and fluid properties from seismic attributes is an inverse problem. Rock-physics modeling provides physical relations to link elastic and petrophysical variables. Most of these models are nonlinear; therefore, the inversion generally requires complex iterative optimization algorithms to estimate the reservoir model of petrophysical properties. We have developed a new approach based on the linearization of the rock-physics forward model using first-order Taylor series approximations. The mathematical method adopted for the inversion is the Bayesian approach previously applied successfully to amplitude variation with offset linearized inversion. We developed the analytical formulation of the linearized rock-physics relations for three different models: empirical, granular media, and inclusion models, and we derived the formulation of the Bayesian rock-physics inversion under Gaussian assumptions for the prior distribution of the model. The application of the inversion to real data sets delivers accurate results. The main advantage of this method is the small computational cost due to the analytical solution given by the linearization and the Bayesian Gaussian approach.
American Society of Clinical Oncology Multidisciplinary Cancer Management Course: Connecting Lives, Cancer Care, Education, and Compassion in Zimbabwe—A Pilot for Efforts of Sustainable Benefit?
Authors: Ndarukwa Sandra , Nyakabau Anna Mary , Chagpar Anees B. , Raben David , Ndlovu Ntokozo , Kadzatsa Webster , Eaton Vanessa J. , Mafunda Paida , Razis Evangelia
Published: September 2016

The burden of cancer in low- to middle-income countries is growing and is expected to rise dramatically while resources to manage this disease remain inadequate. All authorities for the management of cancer recommend multidisciplinary care. Educational efforts by international organizations to assist local professionals in caring for their patients tend to have a lasting impact because they empower local professionals and enhance their skills. A multidisciplinary cancer management course was designed by American Society of Clinical Oncology staff and local experts to provide a roadmap for cross-specialty interaction and coordination of care in Zimbabwe. The outcome of the course was measured through feedback obtained from participants and impact on local workforce. The cancer management course was relevant to daily practice and fostered long-lasting partnerships and collaborations. Furthermore, it resulted in a more motivated local workforce and strengthened existing multidisciplinary practices. Cancer care is in a critical state in low- to middle-income countries. Educational efforts and collaborative partnerships may provide a cost-effective strategy with sustainable benefits. A multidisciplinary approach to optimize therapy is desirable. Evaluation of the course impact after a period of 6 months to 1 year is needed to determine the sustainability and impact of such efforts.
An assay to measure poly(ADP ribose) glycohydrolase (PARG) activity in cells
Authors: James Dominic I. , Durant Stephen , Eckersley Kay , Fairweather Emma , Griffiths Louise A. , Hamilton Nicola , Kelly Paul , O'Connor Mark , Shea Kerry , Waddell Ian D. , Ogilvie Donald J.
Published: September 2016

After a DNA damage signal multiple polymers of ADP ribose attached to poly(ADP) ribose (PAR) polymerases (PARPs) are broken down by the enzyme poly(ADP) ribose glycohydrolase (PARG). Inhibition of PARG leads to a failure of DNA repair and small molecule inhibition of PARG has been a goal for many years. To determine whether biochemical inhibitors of PARG are active in cells we have designed an immunofluorescence assay to detect nuclear PAR after DNA damage. This 384-well assay is suitable for medium throughput high-content screening and can detect cell-permeable inhibitors of PARG from nM to µM potency. In addition, the assay has been shown to work in murine cells and in a variety of human cancer cells. Furthermore, the assay is suitable for detecting the DNA damage response induced by treatment with temozolomide and methylmethane sulfonate (MMS). Lastly, the assay has been shown to be robust over a period of several years.
MASTERPIECES OF THE ORAL AND INTANGIBLE HERITAGE OF HUMANITY: THE ROLE AND FUNCTION IN TOURISM
Authors: Афанасьев Олег , Afanasiev Oleg
Published: September 2016

Currently, participation of objects of a particular country in different global rankings and in the attractions lists is a sym- bol of prestige and importance for state. But such lists play important role in the forming tourist flows. List of Master- pieces of the World Oral and Intangible Cultural Heritage is among them. It is drawn up under the auspices of UNESCO. The Russian Federation is not a participant of the relevant protection convention of this type of heritage. That is why its representation in the List is very low and does not correspond to the role and significance of the country’s culture in the global dimension. But even only two objects from the Intangible Heritage List, which are located in Russia, have significant potential for the forming tourist flows and tourist complexes development on their basis. It is proved by the experience of the involving these objects in tourism. The article describes three formats of transformation the intangible cultural heritage of the Russian Federation in the tour product: 1) a museum establishment; 2) a theme park; 3) the places of heritage existence in the real environment. Three forms of the intangible heritage presentation in the tourism industry are also highlighted. They suggest the possi- bility of visiting and acquaintance of tourists with the environment of existence, intangible heritage landscape, a certain type of culture in which it develops, and familiarity with the famous person – bearer and guardian of tradition. The article also identifies a number of threats for these objects themselves, which may be accompanied by involving of the intangible heritage in the tourism and hospitality industry. As the conclusions, the article proposes a number of urgent measures that are important to ensure the sustainability of tourism development based on places of existence of the intangible cultural heritage in Russia
NATIONAL CUSTOMS AND MENTALITY AS TOURIST ATTRACTIONS IN RUSSIAN REGIONS IN THE SECOND HALF OF XIX – EARLY XX CENTURIES
Authors: Руцинская Ирина , Rutsinskaya Irina
Published: September 2016

With the development of mass tourism in Russian province the process of compiling a list of regional attractions was started. From the beginning, this list comprised not only historical and cultural monuments, natural sites and museums, but also everyday life, mentality, customs and traditions of the nations and ethnic groups that lived in the region. The methods that were used to describe them in provincial guides of the second half of XIX – early XX centuries also had historical and cultural features.

Taking as an example three Russian regions, Volga region, Crimea and Siberia, this article analyzes the ways, methods, forms and contradictions of transforming national specificity into tourist attractions. Particular attention is di- rected to the ratio of information and advertising, objective and subjective, tolerance and bigotry in these descriptions. A regional guide is regarded as the most important historical source able not only to transmit the empirical information about a specific area, but also act as a form of representation of ideas, norms, and stereotypes prevailing in the regional society.
MYTHOLOGICAL TOURISM SPACE OF SAMARA LAND: REALITIES AND OPPORTUNITIES
Authors: Соломина Ирина , Solomina Irina
Published: September 2016

Article is devoted to the study of mythological tourism space of Samara land. Mythological tourism space exists equally with other types of tourism spaces of the region: cultural and historical, recreational, service, ethnic, sporting, scien- tific to and other. The author reveals the mail features of the mythological tourism space. It is a system consisting of geographical space, mythological cultural heritage of territory and it use in tourism practices. Based on the system approach all elements of mythological tourism space are identified and presented as applied to Samara region.

All variety of myths is divided on the groups; in more detail the topological, religious, myths about caves, folklore, and historical myths are researched in the article. The author analyzes certain tourism practices, where the use of myths is possible and makes the conclusion that, in spite of abundant base and various studies of myths, their use in tourism of Samara land still insignificantly, and mythological tourism space is on the early stages of development. In this connection, Samara land needs to not only study the myths, but actively to involve them in tourism space of cities and settlements, be- cause development of mythological tourism space makes territory unique and contributes to increasing the tourist flows. The study was supported by Russian Humanitarian Research Foundation Grant 14-03-00036 «Spatial-Temporal Diagnostics of a City».
THE INTANGIBLE CULTURE OF TATARSTAN IN THE REGIONAL TOURISM DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Галимов Шамиль , Galimov Shamil , Галимова Лейсан , Galimova Leysan
Published: September 2016

In recent years, educational tourism, as the direction, is developing faster than other. Cultural and natural heritage included in the world heritage list of UNESCO, are the main attraction of educational tourism. Most facilities are located in Europe. The heritage sites are operated steadily throughout the year regardless of the season. In addition to tangible objects of the world heritage there is the intangible culture, which included in separated list of UNESCO. The peculiarity of this type of heritage is in the representation by it the different forms of action, special national traditions, oral, musical, religious, cult, family, and other collective activities. Such world’s heritage sites need special protection, it is difficult to save them, to plan quantitative variable to calculate them. Holidays, traditions, ceremonies and other events that form the basis of intangible culture may disappear within one or two generations, in other words during 50 years. In this regard, there is the problem of preservation for future generations of indigenous people and thus to tourists these objects, and also their representation at the countrywide level.
RESEARCH WORK IN THE FIELD OF THE RUSSIAN NOBLE COOKING OF THE FIRST HALF OF THE XIX CENTURY, RECONSTRUCTIONS OF DINNER PARTIES IN AN ESTATE
Authors: Шапарина Евгения , Shaparina Evgeniya
Published: September 2016

Last ten years attention to gastronomic tourism has grown up noticeably. This term came to us rather recently but has become usual and understandable for both Russian and foreigner tourist. Without abandoning traditional working with visitors, today museums are interested in realizing of new partner projects aimed to creation of the past century atmosphere. The Museum-Reserve «The Estate «Muranovo» already some years works on the study of economic papers belonged to an owner of the Muranovo estate Leo Engelgardt. This artifact is studied in comparison with culinary rules are known in Russia from the beginning of the XIX century. Special attention is paid to the «New Full Cookbook» published in 1808. Basing on this archival and stock material we form touristic product – «Dinner party in an estate». As a result of a reconstruction of dinner menu of a landlord living here at the turn of XVIII–XIX centuries lively atmosphere is created in estate. Thereby visitors can touch the cultural and historical treasures of ages gone by. Science workers, developing and introducing this kind of programs to the daily work, select associate partners are ready to realize requirements of museum ethics. Creation of authentic cultural product is the main task of new museum projects in a field of the gastronomic tourism. This is a vivid example of organization of tourist services programs based on intangible cultural heritage, which has come down to us through the centuries.
Interpretasi Struktur Bawah Tanah pada Sistem Sungai Bribin dengan Metode Geo
Authors: Aziz Khafidh Nur , Sumardi Yosaphat , Darmawan Denny , Wibowo Nugroho Budi
Published: September 2016

This research was aimed to determine the distribution pattern of magnetic field anomaly and to identify the lithology of underground structure in Bribin Karst using geomagnetic method. Research location was Semanu Sub-district, Gunungkidul Regency at UTM coordinate of 464061 mT-464929 mT and 9111097 mU-9111970 mU. The data were taken using G-5 Proton Precession Magnetometer (PPM) by looping method. The result showed that the distribution pattern of the magnetic field anomaly in Karst Bribin has value of 330 nT - 530 nT and anomaly values reflecting the system of Bribin River has value of 400 nT-460 nT. The lithology of underground structure in Karst Bribin has susceptibility value of -0.069 (in SI) - 0.0661 (in SI) with depth 200 m associated with limestone, tuff, gypsum, rock salt, and minerals calcite and anhydrite and the lithology associated with the system of Bribin River has susceptibility value -0.069 (in SI) associated with gypsum, rock salt, and minerals anhydrite.
Analisis Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA) dan Intensitas Gempabumi berdasarkan Data Gempabumi Terasa Tahun 1981 - 2014 di Kabupaten Bantul Yogyakarta
Authors: Wibowo Nugroho Budi , Sembri Juwita Nur
Published: September 2016

Seismic historical record in Java period of 1981-2014 recorded that the Special Region of Yogyakarta was hit by damaging earthquake 4 times and hundreds of small earthquakes felt. This research was aimed to assess the peak ground acceleration (PGA) zone and the earthquake intensity based on historical data of earthquake occurrence in 1981-2014. Peak Ground Acceleration was calculated using Kanai equation and earthquake intensity using Wald equation. This research was conducted by using 231 microtremor data in Bantul District that derived from BMKG and also 147 data of damaging earthquake and small earthquake felt from BMKG. The result of this study represent peak ground acceleration value in Bantul District which was varied from 57.7-412.7 gal. Peak Ground Acceleration Zonation of Bantul District was diveded by 3 zones; first zone with PGA value 57.7-91 gal, the second zone with PGA value 92-179 gal and the third zone with PGA value higher than 180 gal. While based on earthquake intensity, Bantul District has damage potential of V-VII MMI in intensity scale.
Modifikasi Permukaan Elemen Peredam Bising Dengan Profil Berbentuk Prisma
Authors: Azimut Hanif
Published: September 2016

The influence of surface modification by using prism shaped profile on the sound absorption of absorber element was investigated experimentally. A prime number based configuration of the two types opened and closed type rism shaped profile inclusion was tested by using impedance tube according ASTM E1050 standard. The result shows that sound absorption at low frequency band below 200 Hz increased with the increasing of closed prism number. It is related to the coupling effect between the cavities of the absorber element and the prisms that changes reactance of the coupled structure. In the other side, a half wave resonance like effect occur on the use of opened prisms inclusion, which is increase the sound absorption performance at mid to high frequency range between 800 Hz to 1,25 kHz.  
O ENSINO DOS SABERES DA CULINÁRIA REGIONAL: experiência docente na amazônia paraense no município de Vigia
Authors: De Castro Maraísa Andrade , Castro Cleber Augusto Trindade , Braga Debora Cordeiro
Published: September 2016

Este artigo trata-se de um relato deexperiênciadocentevivenciadanoInstituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Pará, Polo Avançado de Vigia de Nazaré, no processo de planejamento e ministração da disciplina Saberes da Culinária Regional para o Curso Técnico Subsequente em Turismo e Hospitalidade, cujo projeto pedagógico experimental, baseado na metodologia da alternância, adaptado de um modelo da educação rural, teve sua estrutura curricular organizada via temas geradores, conforme a proposta freireana de educação, que prevê a abordagem do conhecimento cientí co através dos saberes empíricos dos estudantes. Por meio do levantamento dos hábitos alimentares dos discentes e de entrevistas com idosos da comunidade, o conteúdo central da disciplina foi desenvolvido, e após leituras de textos, visitas técnicas e atividades práticas e lúdicas, os futuros técnicos sugeriram proposições para valorização da culinária típica da região, e posteriormente realizaram um evento objetivando sensibilizar o empresariado sobre essa questão. O artigo tem como objetivo apresentar uma abordagem de ensino temática diferenciada que pode contribuir para o aprimoramento das práticas de ensino em qualquer instância, assim como inspirar docentes para elaboração de planos de aula criativos. Dentre os resultados obtidos, destaca-se a re exão sobre as modi cações nos hábitos alimentares da comunidade.Palavras-chave: Ensino técnico. Hábitos alimentares. Culinária regional.
A CONTRIBUIÇÃO DE UM GLOSSÁRIO TRILÍNGUE DE TURISMO DE AVENTURA PARA A FORMAÇÃO E ATUAÇÃO DO PROFISSIONAL DE TURISMO
Authors: Santana Diego Henrique da Conceição , Dos Santos Patrícia Lais Ramos , Delvizio Ivanir Azevedo
Published: September 2016

O profissional do turismo deve ter uma formação multidisciplinar, envolvendo diversas áreas e, ao mesmo tempo, com foco em segmentos especí cos do mercado, além do conhecimento de pelo menos uma língua estrangeira. Este artigo apresenta uma pesquisa que tem como objetivo a elaboração de um Glossário Trilíngue de turismo de aventura (português-inglês- espanhol). A elaboração do glossário é importante para facilitar a comunicação entre os pro ssionais da área. Além disso, seu processo de elaboração pode contribuir para a formação do pro ssional do turismo, constituindo uma ferramenta de ensino- aprendizagem da terminologia usada na área. O glossário é desenvolvido por meio de pesquisas individuais realizadas por alunos de graduação em Turismo, que são responsáveis por um conjunto de termos e pela busca de seus equivalentes em inglês ou espanhol. A metodologia da pesquisa é baseada em Barros (2004) e Krieger & Finatto (2004). O projeto é nanciado pela FAPESP.Palavras-chave: Terminologia. Glossário Trilíngue. Turismo de aventura.
A COZINHA DE FUSÃO ENCONTRA O RIO: peixes nativos amazônicos como alternativa para a culinária japonesa
Authors: Kato Hellen Christina de Almeida , Oliveira Luana de Sousa , Maciel Érika da Silva , De Freitas Alexandre Aires
Published: September 2016

A culinária japonesa, desde a década de 80, se expande no Brasil, conservando técnicas e ingredientes de sua origem combinadas a inovações relacionadas à culinária americana, sendo assim, bastante dependente de ingredientes importados. Através da cozinha de fusão, esse trabalho sugere o uso de espécies de peixes nativos cultivados na Amazônia como alternativa gastronômica para esse mercado. Foi realizado um experimento envolvendo chefs de cozinha amazônica e japonesa desenvolvendo seis preparações a base de pirarucu e tambaqui. Estas foram avaliadas por um painel treinado de 24 profissionais da aqüicultura e gastronomia japonesa. Avaliou-se a aceitação e seus atributos utilizando uma escala hedônica com aplicação de questionário estruturado de intenção de compra. Todos os pratos obtiveram ampla aceitação, tendo destaque o Teppan de pirarucu. Conclui-se que o uso dos peixes nativos de cultivo da Amazônia, tambaqui e pirarucu, é uma alternativa viável para a inovação da gastronomia japonesa no Brasil, através da culinária de fusão.Palavras-chave: Amazônia; Cozinha fusion; Peixes de água doce.
Aspectos biológicos e socioeconômicos da pesca esportiva no "Deck do Pescador" de Santos (SP, Brasil)
Authors: Barrella Walter , Cachola Natália , Ramires Milena , Rotundo Matheus Marcos
Published: September 2016

Sport fishing is one of the fastest growing leisure categories in today's world. In Brazil it is also practiced as a sport or leisure, noncommercial purposes. However, few studies are conducted in order to manage this activity in a sustainable manner. This study aimed to analyze sport fishing, practiced the "Fisherman’s Deck" (Santos, SP, Brazil), describing their biological characteristics and the socioeconomic profile of its participants. We interviewed 150 fishermen, aged between 12 and 82 years, 85% male. The majority (56%) has a college degree and resides near the fishing spot. The target species are swordfish (Trichiurus lepturus), bass (Centropomus spp.), Hake (Cynoscion spp.), betara (Menticirrhus americanus), corvina (Micropogonias furnieri) and hake-yellow (Macrodon atricauda). Three types of fishing, bottom fishing, surface and crab were identified. Fishermen indicated that fish stocks have declined due to increased commercial fishing and pollution. Each fishery lasted on average 5.0 (S.D.=2.1) hours and captured 850,8g (S.D.=962.5) g / angler / day. The estimated catch for the study period was 1314.8 (S.D.=1919.1) kg, representing less than 3% of fish landed by commercial fishing. Therefore, sport fishing from "Fisherman’s Deck" causes low impact to regional fish stocks.
Graphic Design for the Real World? Visual Communication’s Potential in
Design Activism and Design for Social Change
Authors: Bichler Katrin Elisabeth , Beier Sofie
Published: September 2016

This article examines graphic design’s role within design activism. It
outlines design activism in general and its relation to commercial design
culture in a consumerist economy. Thereafter it discusses persuasive
tendencies in graphic design and questions if its current contribution to
design activism is limited to its predominant narrow role of persuading for
“the good cause.” To illustrate the hypothesis that such a persuasive
approach lacks activist potential and thus social impact, cases that
represent traditional graphic-design activism are compared to alternative
approaches with an informative rather than persuasive character. The latter
cases exemplify how information design can challenge the status quo and
range from conventional leaflets to interactive tools and data
visualizations. The discussion explores how these cases work as a
non-commercial service to its audience, rather than solely solving
communicative problems for commissioning clients. It is argued that in this
way visual communication can intervene into problems on a functional level,
similarly to artifacts from design disciplines such as architecture and
industrial or product design.
Design, Knowledge, and Ignorance. Jude Chua's presentation for the Design
Concept Conference
Authors: Chua Jude
Published: September 2016

The Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts - Schools of Architecture, Design
and Conservation held a one-day conference discussing the design concept on
26 August 2016. This is Jude Chua's presentation of his article, "Design
Without Final Goals: Getting Around Our Bounded Rationality."
Análise de viabilidade econômica regulatória à criação de cooperativa de consumo de energia elétrica – o caso do setor elétrico brasileiro na segunda década do século XXI
Authors: Campos Fred Leite Siqueira , Ramos Fabio do Lago , Azevedo Beatriz Marcondes
Published: September 2016

O setor elétrico brasileiro vem enfrentando problemas, nos últimos anos, para conciliar a demanda crescente de energia com restrições hidrológicas e econômicas. Neste cenário, o governo (como agente econômico regulatório principal) vem tomando decisões que visam, primariamente, garantir a estabilidade de suprimento de energia ao País, ações estas que ao mesmo tempo em que resolvem problemas importantes para o mercado regulado e, consequentemente, à população, geram impactos indiretos para o mercado livre de energia. De forma complementar aos modelos de comercialização existentes atualmente, este trabalho avalia a viabilidade da implantação do modelo de cooperativa de consumo à comercialização de energia elétrica no mercado livre brasileiro, como forma de mitigar riscos e reduzir restrições existentes para pequenos e médios consumidores. Para isso, além de uma revisão bibliográfica sobre os conceitos aplicáveis, são explorados dados reais sobre preço da energia elétrica, o seu consumo e sua demanda futura. Assim, concluiu-se que a criação de uma cooperativa de consumo de energia elétrica (para o cenário brasileiro atual – século XXI) é viável do ponto de vista econômico e regulatório, podendo oferecer diversos serviços à garantia do suprimento e à redução do custo de energia elétrica para seus cooperados.
The development and numerical simulation of a plasma microreactor dedicated to chemical synthesis
Authors: Zhang Mengxue , Ognier Stephanie , Touati Nadia , Binet Laurent , Thomas Christophe , Tabeling Patrick , Tatoulian Michaël
Published: September 2016

A plasma microreactor dedicated to chemical synthesis has been conceived and developed using soft-lithography techniques. In this study, we propose to use highly reactive species created by the plasma discharge to replace traditionally used chemical initiators. A dielectric barrier discharge plasma was generated under atmospheric pressure and then dispersed into a continuous liquid phase with a T-junction geometry. Injected metal electrodes made it possible for in situ optical observations with an intensified charge-coupled device camera. No signal was detected when analyzing the exhaust liquid by electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy. Numerical simulations confirmed that only low quantities of hydroxyl radicals could diffuse into the liquid phase, giving a concentration of DMPO-OH of 10−6mol/l, below the detection limit of ESR.
Staff survey on the care for persons with dementia / Mitarbeiter/-innenbefragung zum Umgang mit Menschen mit Demenz
Authors: Rungg Christine , Angermair Aloisia , Costa Ursula , Neururer Sabrina , Moosbrugger Markus , Buchberger Waltraud , Kriegseisen-Peruzzi Melanie , Perkhofer Susanne
Published: September 2016

This pilot study at the University Hospital of Innsbruck aimed to interview employees in order to optimise the treatment of patients with dementia. Available data concerning prevalence of dementia in this hospital were analysed and show a slight increase in numbers.

Nurses at one inpatient department and one outpatient clinic completed a standardized questionnaire developed by the German Institute for Applied Nursing Research (dip, 2012). Dementia is a highly relevant topic for the participating nursing staff. Results show potential for improvement in pain management, assurance of continuity of services, and communication skills.

Nursing staff responded questions about emotional burden, based in their work with this group of patients. The emotional burden was rated as being higher in the inpatient department. Participants from both departments expressed their wish for better involvement of dementia clients’ relatives in the clinical work. Finally, the nursing staff’s needs for educational support was surveyed.

Additionally, six members of the patient transport service participated in a focus group interview. Specific types of burden related to handling patients with dementia, as well as wishes and requirements for improvement related to the patient transport for persons with dementia were expressed.

The survey shows both, the current state and further potential for improvement of the treatment of patients with dementia at the University Hospital of Innsbruck. Based on the results of this survey a continuing education programme meeting staff needs was developed as one of the measures resulting in the project aiming to improve the treatment of patients with dementia.
Direct decomposition theory under near-isomorphism for a class of infinite rank
torsion-free abelian groups
Authors: Blagoveshchenskaya Ekaterina , Strüngmann Lutz H.
Published: September 2016

Near-isomorphism is known as the right concept for classification theorems in the theory of almost completely decomposable groups.
As a natural generalization the authors extended in [6] the notion of near-isomorphism to Abelian groups of arbitrary rank. In this article we investigate non-isomorphic direct decompositions of a class of infinite rank torsion-free
abelian groups which were defined in [4] as special epimorphic images of
so-called almost rigid groups. A complete classification of such decompositions up to near-isomorphism is given.
Hybridization effect of coir fiber on physico-mechanical properties of polyethylene-banana/coir fiber hybrid composites
Authors: Prasad Nirupama , Agarwal Vijay Kumar , Sinha Shishir
Published: September 2016

In this paper, an attempt has been made to investigate the effect of coir fiber addition along with the banana fiber in low-density polyethylene (LDPE) to develop cost-effective and high-performance composite material. The composite samples were prepared at fixed fiber content (25 wt%) and with varying relative weight fraction of banana and coir fiber using compression molding technique. The effect of hybridization was analyzed through the mechanical properties (tensile, flexural, and impact), thermal stability, morphological behavior, and water absorption behavior. Additionally, scanning electron microscopy studies had been carried out on the tensile fractured surface for all composite samples to examine the fracture behavior of the composite samples. The results showed that the incorporation of coir fiber into the banana fiber composites of up to 50% by weight led to enhancement of the mechanical properties and thermal stability and to reduction of the water absorption capacity of the banana fiber/LDPE composites.
Roundhouses and railways: developer-funded archaeology in England
Authors: Chadwick Adrian M.
Published: September 2016

These two volumes result from extensive developer-funded fieldwork in north-western Northamptonshire, in the English midlands. Under the system introduced in 1990, local authority curatorial archaeologists assess the impact upon archaeological remains of planning applications, and make recommendations for any further investigative work. Developers are normally responsible for the costs of any archaeological evaluation or excavation work necessary, and they award the contracts to commercial field units who bid for this work in a competitive tendering process. Since 1990, there has been an enormous increase in the volume of such archaeological work in Britain and other European countries (Bradley et al. 2016), and these two volumes are representative of many of the best and worst aspects of this system.
Gods and scholars: archaeologies of religion in the Near East
Authors: Rowan Yorke
Published: September 2016

These two edited volumes reflect the continuing surge of interest in the archaeology of religious practice and belief. Over the past 20 years, archaeologists have turned their focus on the study of ritual and religion, challenging what Hawkes (1954: 162) considered the highest and most difficult to reach rung on his ladder of inference: “religious institutions and spiritual life”. Renewed interest in the archaeology of religion and ritual was largely inspired by Renfrew's (1985) work on the Bronze Age Phylakopi sanctuary on Melos, Greece, a seminal study that continues to guide archaeological interpretation based on the material correlates linked with ritual practice. Renfrew's focus on ritual (or ‘cult’) exposed the widespread perception that religion is archaeologically inaccessible. The recognition that a Durkheimian division between the sacred and the profane is less distinct in reality, particularly in small-scale rituals and domestic contexts, complicates the difficulty archaeologists face in the hazy area between quotidian life and religious praxis. Since Renfrew's publication of Phylakopi, these problems have been recognised and confronted in a variety of different volumes and synthetic articles.
Selection on Position of Nonsense Codons in Introns
Authors: Behringer Megan G , Hall David W
Published: September 2016

Introns occasionally remain in mature messenger RNAs (mRNAs) due to splicing errors and the translated, aberrant proteins that result represent a metabolic cost and may have other deleterious consequences. The nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) pathway degrades aberrant mRNAs, which it recognizes by the presence of an in-frame premature termination codon (PTC). We investigated whether selection has shaped the location of PTCs in introns to reduce waste and facilitate NMD. We found across seven model organisms, that in both first and last introns, PTCs occur earlier in introns than expected by chance, suggesting that selection favors earlier position. This pattern is more pronounced in species with larger effective population sizes. The pattern does not hold for last introns in the two mammal species, however, perhaps because in these species NMD is not initiated from 3′-terminal introns. We conclude that there is compelling evidence that the location of PTCs is shaped by selection for reduced waste and efficient degradation of aberrant mRNAs.
Diversity of medium-sized and large mammals from Atlantic Forest remnants in southern Minas Gerais state, Brazil
Authors: Machado Felipe Santana , Almeida Álvaro Fernando de , Barros Dalmo Arantes de , Pereira José Aldo Alves , Silva Rossi Allan , Pereira Alexandre Augusto Spadoni
Published: September 2016

Studies on mammal diversity provide the essential groundwork for the development of conservation methods and practices. The region of the Poços de Caldas Plateau is lacks such studies, which may be a problem for future conservation actions. Here, we analyze the richness of medium-sized and large mammals from Atlantic Forest remnants on the Poços de Caldas Plateau, Minas Gerais state. Diurnal censuses of direct observations and mammal signs were conducted, and we documented 20 species of mammals belonging to eight orders. Three species of primates, one carnivore, one cingulate, one lagomorpha, three rodents, one artiodactyla, and two marsupials were found. The largest forest remnant that presented the greatest richness is currently a conservation unit. Forest remnants are important for the consolidation of management strategies and have fundamental role for the conservation of mammal diversity in the south of Minas Gerais state.
Prevalence of Renal and Cervical Vertebral Anomalies in Patients with Isolated Microtia and/or Aural Atresia
Authors: Zim Shane , Lee Janet , Rubinstein Brian , Senders Craig
Published: September 2016

Objective

The objective of this study was to determine whether patients with isolated microtia or aural atresia have an increased prevalence of renal or cervical vertebral anomalies.

Design

The study design was a retrospective medical record review.

Setting

The setting was the following four distinct institutions: an urban tertiary care children's hospital, two urban academic medical centers, and a staff-model health maintenance organization.

Participants

Patients diagnosed with microtia, aural atresia, or oculoauriculovertebral spectrum were identified. Patients with facial asymmetry, craniofacial microsomia, and other craniofacial abnormalities or syndromes were excluded.

Main Outcome Measures

Main outcome measures were the number of patients with isolated microtia or aural atresia who underwent a renal ultrasound or cervical spine X-ray, the results of those studies, and further evaluation or treatment for any abnormalities found.

Statistical Analysis

A binomial analysis using a one-sided 95% confidence level was performed.

Results

A total of 514 patients with isolated microtia and/or aural atresia were identified. Of these patients, 145 (28%) had undergone a renal ultrasound and 81 (16%) had undergone cervical spine X-rays. A total of 3 patients (2%) had minimal renal pelviectasis, all of which had resolved on repeat ultrasound and required no treatment. There were no structural renal abnormalities identified, and there were no cervical spine abnormalities identified.

Conclusions

The data suggest that there is no increased prevalence of structural renal or cervical vertebral anomalies in patients with isolated microtia and/or aural atresia. Therefore, these patients do not require routine screening renal ultrasound or cervical spine X-rays.
Cleft Repair in Adults
Authors: Fuller Jennifer , Drake David , Felstead Andrew , Colbert Serryth
Published: September 2016

Speech defects and facial appearance due to untreated cleft lip and/or palate in the elderly population have associated life-long impacts on the quality of life for these patients. Treatment and rehabilitation in this patient group can be extensive and the problems not easily corrected. We report the outcomes of surgical repair of cleft in a series of elderly patients with unrepaired cleft lip and/or palate.

Our results confirm an improvement in speech, quality of life and aesthetic outcomes after surgical repair in these patients. With this in mind, we advise cleft teams to consider surgical repair of untreated cleft lip and/or palate in the elderly population.
Proximal Tubule CD73 Is Critical in Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Protection
Authors: Sung Sun-sang J. , Li Li , Huang Liping , Lawler Jessica , Ye Hong , Rosin Diane L. , Vincent Issah S. , Le Thu H. , Yu Jing , Görldt Nicole , Schrader Jürgen , Okusa Mark D.
Published: September 2016

CD73-derived adenosine plays an anti-inflammatory role in various organs. However, its role in renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is controversial. We targeted CD73 mutant mice to determine the function of CD73 expressed by various renal cell types under mild IRI conditions. Mice with CD73 deletion in proximal tubules exhibited exacerbated IRI, comparable with that of CD73−/−
mice compared with WT mice. Mice with CD73 deletions in other cell types, including cortical type 1 fibroblast–like cells, mesangial cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells, showed small or no increases in injury above control mice when subjected to threshold levels of ischemia. Results from adoptive transfer experiments between WT and CD73−/−
mice and pharmacologic studies modulating enzymatic activity of CD73 and extracellular adenosine levels supported a critical role of adenosine generated by proximal tubule CD73 expression in abrogating IRI. Renal adenosine levels were lower before and after ischemia in CD73-deficient mice. However, reduction in total acid–extractable renal adenosine levels was inadequate to explain the marked difference in kidney injury in these CD73-deficient mice. Furthermore, CD73 inhibition and enzyme replacement studies showed no change in total kidney adenosine levels in treated mice compared with vehicle-treated controls. Protection from IRI in neutrophil–depleted WT recipients was sustained by repopulation with bone marrow neutrophils from WT mice but not by those lacking adenosine 2a receptors (from Adora2a−/−
mice). These data support the thesis that local adenosine generated by cells at the injury site is critical for protection from IRI through bone marrow–derived adenosine 2a receptors.
Internal Genomic DNA Standard for Quantitative Metagenome Analysis v2
Authors: M. Satinsky Brandon , Scott M. Gifford not provided , Byron C. Crump not provided , Christa Smith not provided , Mary Ann Moran not provided , Moran Lab not provided
Published: September 2016

Satinsky, Brandon M., et al. 'Use of internal standards for quantitative metatranscriptome and metagenome analysis.' Methods in enzymology 531 (2012): 237-250.
Conhecimentos Nutricionais e Perfil Alimentar: Discussão dos Saberes e Práticas de Acadêmicos de Pedagogia
Authors: Anizelli Camilla Pastore , Brecailo Marcela Komechen , Mazur Caryna Eurich
Published: September 2016

Nos últimos anos, vem crescendo a incidência de doenças crônicas não-transmissíveis entre a população, devido aos maus hábitos alimentares e a falta de conhecimento ou aplicação das práticas saudáveis da alimentação. Sendo assim, o conhecimento nutricional se faz necessário para que novos conceitos sejam criados e implantados na alimentação cotidiana. A presente pesquisa é um estudo transversal analítico, cujo grupo foi composto por 99 universitários do curso de Pedagogia de Guarapuava – Paraná. A avaliação foi feita por meio de questionário validado com 25 possíveis acertos, e os hábitos alimentares foram identificados com o auxílio de um recordatório de 24 horas. O número médio de
acertos dos alunos pesquisados foi de 63,92%, demonstrando baixo conhecimento em temas específicos de nutrição. Os hábitos alimentares se
caracterizaram por um baixo número de refeições/dia. O consumo de leite e derivados, hortaliças e frutas foi abaixo da recomendação diária, sendo que estes hábitos devem ser implementados no cotidiano dos avaliados. Não houve correlação entre o número de acertos no questionário e o consumo de frutas, hortaliças e leite e derivados. Portanto, além da necessidade de incorporar a educação alimentar e nutricional com a prática pedagógica, constituindo uma apta formação de pedagogos, é fundamental um maior entendimento da subjetividade relacionada ao consumo alimentar.
Antimicrobial Activity of Two Root Canal Filling Pastes in Deciduous Teeth: an in Vitro Study
Authors: Paula Andréia Bolzan de , Sardi Janaina De Cássia Orlandi , Minatel Mariana , Puppin-Rontani Regina Maria
Published: September 2016

Endodontic treatment in deciduous teeth is very important so that we can preserve the primary dentition and thus promote appropriate craniofacial development. However, the use of filling pastes that have some important biological properties for the preservation of the tooth is required. The objective this study was to evaluate the in vitro antimicrobial activity of two root canal filling pastes in deciduous teeth, Vitapex® and Calcipex®, on microbial species commonly found in endodontic infections (Candida albicans, Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sanguinis, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus), using the agar diffusion test. The experiment was carried out on BHI (Brain Heart Infusion) plates in four equidistant points, which were immediately filled with the sealers Vitapex® and Calcipex®. The
chlorhexidine gluconate 1% (CHX) and distilled water were used as positive and negative controls, respectively. After incubation of plates at 37 °C for 24 h, the diameter of the growth inhibition zones around the wells was measured (in millimeters) with a digital caliper with reflected light. The test was performed in triplicate and data were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey’s test (α = 0.05). Both pastes had antimicrobial activity, but Calcipex® was more efficient for most strains. The halo formed in the experiments with S. mutans and S. sanguinis was similar for both pastes. This study suggests that Calcipex® had the highest antimicrobial property with respect to the microorganisms studied.