bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Knowledge and Practice Regarding Menstrual Health among Physically Disabled Women in Kathmandu, Nepal
Authors: Pokhrel Bishal , Mahat Sunita , Parajuli Kriti , Lama Nishant
Published: May 2020

Background: Disability is the condition of difficulty in carrying out daily activities normally and in taking part in social life due to problems in parts of the body and the physical system as well as obstacles created by physical, social, cultural environment and by communication. Disability also carries stigma, so disabled people may face layers of discrimination when they are menstruating. The objective of the research is to assess the knowledge and practice regarding menstrual health of disabled women.

Method: Descriptive, cross sectional study was conducted among 151 participations. Self-structured questionnaire and face-to-face interview were used as data collection tool and technique respectively. Data entry and analysis were done using SPSS version 20. Descriptive analysis like frequency and percentages were computed and presented in a table.

Results: Most of participants knew 26-30 days were the normal menstrual cycle duration (80.13%). Only 31% of participants bath daily during menstruation. About 83% of participants used sanitary pad, 69.54% of participants changed pad twice a day. Maximum number (91.39%) disposed sanitary pad in dustbin. 76.82% of participants learned about menstrual hygiene from parents and friends. Majority of the participants (61.59%), cleaned the genitalia haphazardly 88.08% cleaned with soap and water Most of the respondent 90.06% had taken rest during menstruation.

Conclusions: Disabled women were aware about normal duration of menstrual cycle and blood loss. However, improper practices related to menstrual health and hygiene were prevalent among disabled women, it should be timely and rightly approached to prevent and control adverse health conditions that may arise of it. Mother and peer groups could be the best choices of source of information to improve menstrual health and hygiene of differently able women.
Preinduction cervical ripening with vaginal misoprostol in second and third trimester intrauterine fetal demise
Authors: Parajuli Rakshya , Shrestha Madhu , Baral Gehanath
Published: May 2020

Aim: To study the effectiveness of vaginal misoprostol according to the FIGO 2017 guideline for preinduction cervical ripening in second and third trimester pregnancy with intrauterine fetal demise.
Methods: During six months period from October 2017 to April 2018 at Paropakar Maternity and Women's Hospital, Thapathali, Kathmandu, Nepal, cases admitted for second and third trimester termination of pregnancy for fetal demise were studied using the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) recommended doses of vaginal misoprostol. For gestational age of 13-26 weeks 200µg, for 27-28 weeks dose of 100µg and for >28 weeks dose of 25µg, every 6 hours was used. Main outcome measured included change in modified Bishop Score, insertion of first dose of vaginal misoprostol to delivery interval and maternal side effects.
Results: In this study including 54 cases, mean preinduction Bishop score was 2.12. Bishop score remained unchanged in 2 cases, 28 had score between 4 to 6, 10 cases had score between 7 to 8 and 14 cases had Bishop score more than 8. The change in Bishop Score is statistically significant (p=0.007). 50 cases had vaginal delivery and it occurred within 19.83±13.1 hours. It took minimum 3 hours to maximum 52 hours from the first dose of misoprostol to delivery of the fetus. No side effects were noted within 24 hours of the last dose of vaginal misoprostol.
Conclusions: Vaginal misoprostol according to FIGO guideline 2017 is safe and effective for preinduction cervical ripening in second and third trimester intrauterine fetal demise leading to successful vaginal delivery.
The Unpredictable Gifts of Fortune
Authors: Griffiths Naomi E.S.
Published: May 2020

Naomi Griffiths, a path-breaking scholar of Acadian history, has had a career shaped by both character and chance. Her “Life in History” traces an extraordinary set of circumstances that brought her from a childhood among British egalitarian pacifists to an undergraduate degree in the United Kingdom, across the Atlantic to graduate school in New Brunswick, and then to a groundbreaking career at Carleton University. It is a story initially shaped by childhood bullying due to a long-undiagnosed disability (myopia), which forced her to develop resilience that later proved extremely useful over the course of her career. More than anything else, Griffiths believes her life and career has been one of extremely good fortune and deeply enriched by the generosity of her friends, colleagues, mentors, the members of the Acadian community who have supported her work, and the excellent students she had the good fortune to teach. Her approach to scholarship has been shaped by recognizing the shared humanity that we have with the people whose lives in the past we study, and she draws our attention to the need to be aware of one’s own standpoint in the questions we ask and how we judge historical evidence.
Characteristics of Veterinary Students: Perfectionism, Personality Factors, and Resilience
Authors: Holden Chelsey L.
Published: May 2020

Perfectionism is a topic relevant to veterinary medicine and has previously been found to be related to higher levels of stress and poorer mental health outcomes. However, many aspects of perfectionism have yet to be researched among veterinary students. This research investigates the relationship between perfectionism and the “Big Five” personality factors. Additionally, the relationship between resilience and neuroticism is addressed. This research includes a sample of 99 veterinary students enrolled at a College of Veterinary Medicine in the southeastern United States. Students completed the Multidimensional Perfectionism Inventory (MPI), the Big Five Inventory (BFI), and the Brief Resilience Scale (BRS). Results show that perfectionism is significantly correlated with personality factors; specifically, self-oriented perfectionism and socially prescribed perfectionism are associated with neuroticism, socially prescribed perfectionism is associated with agreeableness, and self-oriented perfectionism is associated with conscientiousness. Neuroticism was found to have a significant negative correlation with resilience. Findings indicate that veterinary mental health professionals and educators should consider implementing specific strategies to help students develop a healthy balance in their perfectionistic beliefs and have targeted interventions to promote student resilience.
Development and Improvement of an International Webcast Series to Expand the Accessibility of Swine Medicine Resources
Authors: Ruston Chelsea R. , Brown Justin T. , Canning Paisley E. , Monahan Victoria L. , Fitzgerald Cassandra J.Q. , Skoland Kristin J. , Kittrell Heather , Hayman Kristen , Karriker Locke A.
Published: May 2020

Swine medicine resources and caseloads for teaching and supporting extracurricular training activities vary widely among veterinary colleges and are concentrated in specific regions. Student interest and demand for swine medicine training is broader in geographical distribution. This is illustrated by student membership and attendance at the American Association of Swine Veterinarians (AASV) annual meetings, for example. To explore how concentrated resources might be made more widely available in a cost-effective manner, the Swine Medicine Education Center (SMEC) at Iowa State University’s College of Veterinary Medicine looked for ways to leverage existing extracurricular resources with a broader geography of schools and students. This article describes the organization of student chapters of the AASV and the outcomes of a multi-session live audio and video webcast focused on swine medicine topics across North America over a 3-year period. SMEC organized the series with funding provided by the AASV and AASV Foundation. The broadcast series covered a wide range of swine-related topics, including pet pigs, emerging diseases, and regulation of antimicrobials. In its third year, 25 North American and 4 international veterinary schools participated in the series and provided feedback from attendees.
How to Approach Cultural Humility Debriefing within Clinical Veterinary Environments
Authors: Alvarez Elizabeth E. , Gilles William K. , Lygo-Baker Simon , Howlett Bethany , Chun Ruthanne
Published: May 2020

Cultural humility debriefing provides learners with the opportunity to consider how they engage with clients and patients while keeping their own identities and biases in mind. In this article, we invite a deeper understanding of the cultural humility debrief by reviewing its history and uses, describing the state of mind and communication skills required for successful facilitation, and providing a step-by-step process as a framework for veterinary educators to implement effective cultural humility debriefing in practice. This teaching technique is rooted in established communication tools—specifically, permission seeking, open-ended questions, reflective listening, and empathy. Drawing on experience from an inter-professional clinic that serves people who live at or below the national poverty level, this article offers insights to veterinary educators so they can use the cultural humility debrief. By utilizing the outlined debriefing strategies in a clinical setting, it is possible to augment any existing veterinary curriculum and strengthen education around cultural topics.
Classification of Walking Cars and Pedestrians for the use of Automatic Incident Detection as an Effort to Reduce Risk of Accidents on the Highway
Authors: Setiawan Herry , Yunan Amsar
Published: May 2020

Traffic problems become very important to minimize the number of accidents. Recorded in 2017, the death toll from accidents reached 703 people. While in 2018 503 people died or fell by 28%. This figure is considered to be the third largest killer, under coronary heart disease and tuberculosis / tuberculosis. Among several causes of accidents such as against the flow of traffic, stops on the road, pedestrians and speeds that are too low compared to other vehicles. Even though the traffic signs are already installed. The low level of awareness of road users will increase the number of accidents. A detection system for potential accidents is needed to reduce the risk and can be used for the investigation process if an accident occurs. The application of a traffic accident prediction system will be a solution to provide a warning of potential accidents. Early detection of incidents is very important to limit consequences such as delays for other road users, lower costs, less time commitment to emergency services, as well as to prevent accidents. Video processing obtained from CCTV installed at intersections, highways, bridges and tunnels will detect pedestrians and oncoming cars automatically. Detection is done by processing each video frame to determine the foreground by the Gaussian mixture models method of each video frame.
Determination of oxidative stress parameters in fluoxetine users
Authors: Perassolo Magda Susana , Raach Juliana Raquel , Gomes Vargas Tainara , Schmidt dos Santos Andressa , Alves Silva Natália , Ziles Hahn Roberta , Ziulkoski Ana Luiza , Linden Rafael , Heemann Betti Andresa
Published: May 2020

Fluoxetine (FLU), a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, is the first line in depression treatment and it is involved in oxidative stress (OE). Thus, this study aimed to analyze the OE parameters in patients diagnosed with depression and treated with FLU. Were evaluated 121 volunteers divided into two groups: 58 fluoxetine users (with major depression) and 63 non-fluoxetine users (control group, without major depression). The OE was evaluated by determining the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant power (FRAP) and activity of antioxidant enzymes glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). MDA, FRAP, GPx and SOD were dosed in plasma. The influence of age, smoking, alcoholism, comorbidities, use of another drugs and antioxidants in the OE were evaluated. The results were compared between the groups. In relation to the fluoxetine daily dose, MDA presented higher levels in patients using 20 mg daily FLU when compared to the control group, as well as the activity of the GPx enzyme and the FRAP levels. In this way, the use of fluoxetine may interfere with the OE parameters, causing an increase in OE levels.
Thrombin-induced miRNA-24–1-5p upregulation promotes angiogenesis by targeting prolyl hydroxylase domain 1 in intracerebral hemorrhagic rats
Authors: Cui Hanjin , Yang Ali , Zhou Huajun , Wang Yang , Luo Jiekun , Zhou Jun , Liu Tao , Li Pengfei , Zhou Jing , Hu En , He Zehui , Hu Wang , Tang Tao
Published: May 2020

OBJECTIVE

Thrombin is a unique factor that triggers post-intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) angiogenesis by increasing hypoxia-inducible factor–1α (HIF-1α) at the protein level. However, HIF-1α mRNA remains unchanged. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) mediate posttranscriptional regulation by suppressing protein translation from mRNAs. This study aimed to determine if miRNAs might be involved in thrombin-induced angiogenesis after ICH by targeting HIF-1α or its upstream prolyl hydroxylase domains (PHDs).

METHODS

The study was divided into two parts. In part 1, rats received an injection of thrombin into the right globus pallidus. An miRNA array combined with miRNA target prediction, luciferase activity assay, and miRNA mimic/inhibitor transfection were used to identify candidate miRNAs and target genes. Part 2 included experiments 1 and 2. In experiment 1, rats were randomly divided into the sham group, ICH group, and ICH+hirudin–treated (thrombin inhibitor) group. In experiment 2, the rats were randomly divided into the sham group, ICH group, ICH+antagomir group, ICH+antagomir-control group, and ICH+vehicle group. Western blotting and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction were used to determine the expression of protein and miRNA, respectively. The coexpression of miR-24–1-5p (abbreviated to miR-24) and von Willebrand factor was detected by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemical analysis. The angiogenesis was evaluated by double-labeling immunofluorescence. Neurological function was evaluated by body weight, modified Neurological Severity Scores, and corner turn and foot-fault tests.

RESULTS

In part 1, it was shown that miR-24, which is predicted to target PHD1, was upregulated (fold-change of 1.83) after thrombin infusion, and that the miR-24 mimic transfection decreased luciferase activity and downregulated PHD1 expression (p < 0.05). miR-24 inhibitor transfection increased PHD1 expression (p < 0.05). In part 2, it was shown that miR-24 was expressed in endothelial cells. The HIF-1α protein level and proliferating cell nuclear antigen–positive (PCNA+) nuclei in vessels were increased, while the PHD1 protein level was decreased after ICH, and these effects were reversed by hirudin (p < 0.05). The antagomiR-24–treated rats exhibited a markedly lower body weight and significantly poorer recovery from neurological deficit compared with those in ICH groups (p < 0.05). AntagomiR-24 intervention also led to lower miR-24 expression, a higher PHD1 protein level, and fewer PCNA+ nuclei in vessels compared with those in ICH groups (p < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS

The present study suggests that thrombin reduces HIF-1α degradation and initiates angiogenesis by increasing miR-24, which targets PHD1 after ICH.
Regressed Pneumatization: Fatty Replacement of Previously Aerated Air Cells Mimicking Arrested Pneumatization
Authors: Montoya S.P. , Wang H.Z.
Published: May 2020

Arrested pneumatization is characterized by the failure of pneumatization during development, which results in persistent fatty marrow within the air cells. Arrested pneumatization is a normal variant, which should not be mistaken for pathology; however, perhaps not all cases are developmental.
We present a case of acquired fatty replacement of a previously pneumatized petrous bone, which is neither developmental nor pathologic. To our knowledge, this has not been described previously in the scientific literature.
More Than Just Cerumen: Lesions of the External Auditory Canal and Their Surgical Implications
Authors: Shroads M.R. , Manning P. , Mafee M.F. , Bykowski J.
Published: May 2020

There is an extensive differential diagnosis for lesions of the external auditory canal, including congenital, benign, locally aggressive, and malignant processes. Although external auditory canal lesions are commonly identified clinically, imaging is helpful to determine if the process
is isolated to the external auditory canal or to evaluate the extent of involvement of adjacent structures. Because staging of external auditory canal malignancy is based on the location and extent of tumor rather than the cell type, multimodality imaging is often necessary for surgical planning.
This article reviews defining clinical and imaging features of external auditory canal lesions, presents an organized approach to their characterization on CT and MR imaging, and discusses their surgical implications.Learning Objective: To review the differential diagnosis of external
auditory canal lesions and recognize their key imaging and clinical features, including surgical implications.
New ApproacheThe pharmaceutical industry’s R&D expenditure at the global level in 2007–2018 is analyzed. Two-thirds of the global pharmaceutical companies’ spending on R&D are accounted for s to the Assessment of Foreign Trade in High-Tech Pharmaceuticals
Authors: Honcharenko D. О.
Published: May 2020

The pharmaceutical industry’s R&D expenditure at the global level in 2007–2018 is analyzed. Two-thirds of the global pharmaceutical companies’ spending on R&D are accounted for by 20 multinationals companies located mostly in the U.S. and EU.
With low level of R&D funding, Ukraine cannot produce cutting-edge pharmaceutical technologies. Imports of intermediate goods for pharmaceutical industry are the most widely used and most influential channel for attracting advanced technologies. The aggregation of high-tech goods by functional purpose (high-tech capital goods, high-tech intermediate and high-tech consumer goods) is analyzed. This aggregation is made by combining the Classification by Broad Economic Categories by SITC Rev. 4 (UN Statistics Division) and the High-Tech Aggregation SITC Rev. 4 (Eurostat). Based on this approach, the article identifies a range of high-tech pharmaceutical goods that are essential for pharmaceutical production, and introduces the concept of “high-tech pharmaceutical intermediate goods”. The author compiled a nomenclature of high-tech pharmaceutical intermediate goods by SITC Rev.4 (17 nomenclature positions with 6 digits). For the first time, this statistical tool made it possible to estimate the scale of national economy spending on advanced foreign technology embodied in commodities that are inputs in the pharmaceutical industry.
New indicators are proposed: “ratio of import dependence of pharmaceutical production”, “‘purified’ exports of pharmaceutical goods” and “coverage ratio of imports of high-tech intermediate pharmaceutical goods”; their algorithms are given and used in the author’s calculations for Germany (strong innovator), Poland (moderate innovator), and Ukraine as a country with low level of technological innovation in the analyzed field. The author recommends using the proposed new indicators for statistical monitoring and analysis of the effectiveness of science & technology and innovation policy measures aimed at building competitive pharmaceutical industry in Ukraine, reducing its dependence on imports and enhancing its export potential.
The Effectiveness of Strategic Management of Banking: Statistical Assessment
Authors: Kolesnik Ya. V.
Published: May 2020

The analysis in focused on the factors and tendencies at the bank services market, determining the importance and necessity of investigating the issues related with performance enhancement of commercial banks. It reveals that an underlying condition for building a well-established and effective domestic bank system is orientation on satisfying the needs of the real economy and the population in bank products and services of high quality. A study of issues related with practical implementation of the mechanism for performance enhancement of commercial banks in Ukraine becomes necessary in view of the integration of the Ukrainian financial system in the global community in the conditions of the saturated market of financial services, the increasing level of consumer demands and requirements to bank products, the strengthening competition in the bank sector, and the coming of big Western banks with high standards of services to the domestic market. All the factors with impact on the commercial bank performance should be taken into account in elaborating tools, processes and actions embedded in the mechanism for performance enhancement of banking. The main phases of strategic management are highlighted. A comparative analysis of the main strategies of the commercial banks operating on the financial market of Ukraine is made. The dynamics of indicators measuring the structure of the banks’ resource base is analyzed. The phases of strategic management of the commercial bank operation and ways of improving the performance enhancement mechanism based on client orientation are discussed. The core tendencies and dynamics of interest rates on loans are analyzed. It is emphasized that the domestic bank market is characterized by low quality and concentration of assets. The inevitable process of market consolidation will widen the opportunities for larger market agents, on the one hand, and increase the competition, on the other hand, which will have favorable effects for quality parameters of the bank system as a whole.
Results of the analysis of the current performance of the bank sector in Ukraine enabled the author to highlight main tendencies with impact on the commercial bank performance. The financial results of the bank’s operation and its capabilities to increase investment in the domestic economy and widen the range of services to clients are largely conditional on ways, terms and costs of raised funds, and on the size of bank’s own assets and the structure of bank’s resources.
Launch of Master’s program (M.Sc.) in Health Economics and Statistics in Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv
Authors: Kovtun N. V. , Kolodyazhna O. I. , Babin K. V.
Published: May 2020

Health Economics has now evolved into a complex science that is based on related disciplines, including epidemiology, statistics, psychology, sociology, operations research, and mathematics. Thus, Health Economics is a set of economic and statistical disciplines that serve as the basis for decision-making by healthcare providers and governments. It also includes a set of analytical methods used in the analysis of the healthcare market.
Health Economics and Statistics is a modern master’s program with the main objective to prepare statistics specialists who are able to solve complex problems, make appropriate analytical decisions in the field of clinical research and management decisions in the field of public health that involves conducting research and fostering innovation in the face of uncertainty. Studying statistical methods enables students to acquire up-to-date analytical skills applied to clinical research and healthcare management.
The objectives of the Master’s program are focused on providing students with the necessary information about international clinical research experience, forming a critical understanding of the pricing process on the healthcare market, as well as the mechanism for reimbursement of medical expenses in the world. In addition, the program will provide students with an understanding of the organization of existing health systems and methods needed to analyze health policies.
The advantages of the program are tied to the goals of the acquisition of applied statistical analysis skills, which is an indispensable requirement of high qualification of an analyst in clinical research and public health. This is ensured by: 1) integration of practice with academic training; 2) the opportunity to contribute to the development of one's own potential; 3) expanding the capacity for scientific research; 4) the opportunity to defend a master’s thesis, working on a real project; 5) providing real career perspectives.
Thus, the implementation of this program will provide an opportunity to prepare highly qualified specialists – analysts in the field of clinical research and public health. Specialists who are in high demand in the private sector (clinical research market) on the national and international level, in the national, regional and local NGOs and institutions in positions related to the planning, collection, processing, and analysis of clinical and public health data, as well as evaluating the quality of managerial decisions in healthcare. All of this, in turn, will help to ensure the competitiveness of specialists and increase the prestige of the specialty.
Methodology for Preparation of Audit Entities to External Control of the Quality of Audit Services
Authors: Lubenchenko О. Ye. , Lysiuk А. V.
Published: May 2020

The requirements to the system of control over the quality of audit services are analyzed, which are specified in the Law of Ukraine “Audit of Financial Statements and Auditing” from 21.12.2017 No 2258-VIII; Directive of the Ministry of Finance of Ukraine “Approval of the Procedure for Inspection of the Quality Control of Audit Services” from 29.08.2019 No 362; Resolution of the Council for Supervision over Auditing at the State Institution “The Body of Public Supervision over Auditing” from 30.08.2019 No 6/7/13 “Information Questionnaire of Auditing Entity”. It is demonstrated that the quality control system requires corrections of the following: responsibilities of administration and staff of auditing entities for use of the adopted intra-firm provisions on the quality control system, requirements of ISQC1, IAS, the Law of Ukraine “Audit of Financial Statements and Auditing”; the requirements to staff (quality controller, reviewer, assignment partner); identification of threats to the independence and the auditor’s response on the assessed threats; the requirements to reviews of complaints, complicated issues; issues related with non-stop professional training of auditors. Special attention of auditors need to be drawn to the fact that the policies and procedures of the quality control system do not have to be confined to the audit of financial statements, but have to apply to other assignments on giving confidence and related auditor services. Besides that, assessment of threats to the independence has to be conducted for non-auditor services specified in Article 6 of the aforementioned Law of Ukraine.
The studies conducted by the author allowed to elaborate procedures for quality control of auditor services; measures to stimulate staff of auditing entities to scrutinize requirements to implementation of the quality control system; obligating documents of auditing firms on assessment of ethical threats; sharing of duties among assignment group members; requirements to qualification of the key partner, quality controller; identification of auditor assignments; solutions of complicated issues and their documenting,  measures on control of the assignment at the final phase and quality control of the assignment. The proposed measures are supposed to help auditing entities revise the already operating quality control systems in a timely manner, which will facilitate supply of high quality information to all the users of auditing reports, external quality controllers from the Body of Public Supervision over Auditing and the Auditor Chamber of Ukraine.
Nobel Prize Level Scientific Discoveries of a Heir of Zaporizhian Cossacks
Authors: Motsnyi F. V.
Published: May 2020

In this work, three fundamental discoveries of the Ukraine-born Prof. George A. Gamow are presented from a single scientific and methodological point of view. Each of them is truly worth of the Nobel Prize – the most prestigious recognition of achievements of a scientist.
We trace the emergence of G. Gamow as one of the most outstanding scientists of the twentieth century – encyclopaedist, theoretical physicist by heart, astrophysicist and biophysicist, talented and brilliant popularizer of science, whose works are readable in one go, as well as the author of unforgettable pranks and jokes.

Gamow was a Fellow of the Danish Royal Academy of Sciences, the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, the International Astronomical Union, the American Physical Society, an honorary doctor of countless universities. Although his name is little known in Ukraine, the history of science would be incomplete without him.

From an early age G. Gamow has shown a great interest in scientific research, using a microscope to look for erythrocytes and a telescope to observe the Halley comet. He graduated from the Faculty of Physics and Mathematics of Leningrad State University, where he followed classes of Professor O. Friedman, founder of the evolutionary cosmology. He has undergone training at the University of Goettingen, the center of theoretical physics at the time, worked for Nobel Prize winners Professors E. Rutherford and N. Bohr. At the age of 28, G. Gamow, by the recommendation of academician V. Vernadskyi, became the member of the Academy of Sciences of USSR, the youngest member in the entire history of its existence.
Throughout his life, G. Gamow was interested in the fundamental scientific problems and made numerous world-class discoveries that are written by golden letters in the treasury of the human civilization. He has found explanation to the E. Rutherford’s experiments with alpha particles (tunnelling effect); introduced the empirical formula of Geiger – Nettoll, connecting the energy of alpha particles to the half-life of radioactive nuclei. G. Gamow is one of the pioneers of the liquid-drop model of a nucleus, and the application of nuclear physics to the evolution of stars. He proposed a fantastic hypothesis about the early universe, suggesting it being not only super dense but also very hot. He also built the Big Bang theory, which led to the existence of relic radiation (space microwave background) with the characteristic temperature of 5–7 degrees above the absolute zero, detected by methods of radio astronomy. He proposed a triplet model of the genetic code - the alphabet of life with three-letter words, experimentally proven by X-ray structural studies of DNA and empirically established rules of E. Chargaff. These discoveries have greatly contributed not only to the development of the modern science, but to the industrial and economic expansion of humanity.
The Competitiveness of Marketing in the SME of the Commercial and Services Sector In Latin America: Comparative Mexico-Brazil-Colombia
Authors: Larios-Gómez Emigdio
Published: May 2020

This is an empirical research studio, conclusive-quantitative approach of a transversal and non-experimental, based on a survey with three samples integrated by Micro and Small Enterprises (MSE) of Celaya (Guanajuato) in Mexico, of Piracicaba (São Paulo) in Brazil and of Bogota in Colombia. Each sample was for convenience of 14 companies for each country. The objective was identify the differences in the value of the Technology marketing knowledge to through the tacit and explicit transfer of knowledge and the conversion of knowledge for market competitiveness. It was found that the MSE of three countries, almost always share the same characteristics, the most outstanding from the empirical management and without sector expertise to be competitive from a marketing perspective, since the lack of of strategic plans or programs in this discipline, makes them disappear or have problems in their marketing and positioning processes.
The Complex Maze of the Informed Consent Process: Helping to Improve Comprehension in Clinical Trial Participants with Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Wong Louis X. , Bloom Gail M. , Chee Bryant
Published: May 2020

We intend for this article to provide a foundation toward the creation of a more patient-centric approach to the informed consent process. Our overall objectives are to promote ethical clinical research standards and procedures toward enhanced supportive systems for clinical trial participants. We provide a suggested format which multidisciplinary clinical trial researchers can adapt for their own clinical trial setting.
Singular limits of sign-changing weighted eigenproblems
Authors: Kielty Derek
Published: May 2020

Consider the eigenvalue problem generated by a fixed differential operator with a sign-changing weight on the eigenvalue term. We prove that as part of the weight is rescaled towards negative infinity on some subregion, the spectrum converges to that of the original problem restricted to the complementary region. On the interface between the regions the limiting problem acquires Dirichlet-type boundary conditions. Our main theorem concerns eigenvalue problems for sign-changing bilinear forms on Hilbert spaces. We apply our results to a wide range of PDEs: second and fourth order equations with both Dirichlet and Neumann-type boundary conditions, and a problem where the eigenvalue appears in both the equation and the boundary condition.
Postoperative administration of tranexamic acid as approach to reduce blood loss after open-heart surgery
Authors: Meissner Florian , Plötze Katrin , Matschke Klaus , Waldow Thomas
Published: May 2020

BACKGROUND: Tranexamic acid (TXA) reduces perioperative bleeding among patients undergoing heart surgery. It is uncertain whether its postoperative administration, after prior administration before cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), has an additional benefit. OBJECTIVE: Our study aimed to evaluate whether the postoperative administration of TXA reduces the blood loss after heart surgery. METHODS: In a retrospective cohort study at the University Heart Center Dresden, patients who underwent on-pump open-heart surgery and received 1 g TXA before CPB were included. Patients with postoperative administration of 1 g TXA were compared to patients without. Primary endpoint was the postoperative blood loss within 24 hours. RESULTS: Among 2,179 patients undergoing heart surgery between 1 July 2013 and 31 October 2014, 92 (4.2%) received TXA postoperatively. After matching, 71 patients with postoperative administration of TXA were compared to 71 without (n = 142). Postoperative administration of TXA did not result in decreased blood loss (MD 146.7 mL; p = 0.064). There was no evidence of an increased risk for thromboembolic complications. CONCLUSIONS: The postoperative administration of TXA did not reduce blood loss. The use of TXA was shown to be safe in terms of thromboembolic events and hospital mortality. Unless there is no clear evidence, the postoperative administration of TXA should be restricted to patients with massive blood loss and signs of hyperfibrinolysis only.
Green supplier selection with an uncertain probabilistic linguistic MABAC method
Authors: Wei Guiwu , He Yan , Lei Fan , Wu Jiang , Wei Cun , Guo Yanfeng
Published: May 2020

In recent years, with the increased voice for protecting the environment by the people all over the world, the governments also have actively adopted more and more measures to further promote environmental conservation and sustainable development. Traditional procurement approaches have not well updated to the current needs of the society, especially for the retail industry which is in relation to the national economy due to numerous products and different suppliers being involved. Therefore, the need for green procurement is more important. The qualified green supplier selection is the core of green procurement, which is the utmost importance in the business competition throughout the supply chain in today’s strong business competition. Thus, in order to obtain the optimal green supplier, integration of Entropy weights and multi-attributive border approximation area comparison (MABAC) under uncertain probabilistic linguistic sets (UPLTSs) has offered a novel integrated model, in which information Entropy is utilized for calculating objective weights with UPLTSs to acquire the final ranking result of green supplier. Besides, so as to indicate the applicability of devised method, it is confirmed by a numerical case for green supplier selection. Some comparative studies are made with some existing methods. The proposed method can also serve for selecting suitable alternative successfully in other selection problems.
ExtruOnt: An ontology for describing a type of manufacturing machine for Industry 4.0 systems
Authors: Ramírez-Durán Víctor Julio , Berges Idoia , Illarramendi Arantza
Published: May 2020

Semantically rich descriptions of manufacturing machines, offered in a machine-interpretable code, can provide interesting benefits in Industry 4.0 scenarios. However, the lack of that type of descriptions is evident. In this paper we present the development effort made to build an ontology, called ExtruOnt, for describing a type of manufacturing machine, more precisely, a type that performs an extrusion process (extruder). Although the scope of the ontology is restricted to a concrete domain, it could be used as a model for the development of other ontologies for describing manufacturing machines in Industry 4.0 scenarios. The terms of the ExtruOnt ontology provide different types of information related with an extruder, which are reflected in distinct modules that constitute the ontology. Thus, it contains classes and properties for expressing descriptions about components of an extruder, spatial connections, features, and 3D representations of those components, and finally the sensors used to capture indicators about the performance of this type of machine. The ontology development process has been carried out in close collaboration with domain experts.
El nuevo impulso de las relaciones euromediterráneas
Authors: Otero Alvarado Fernando
Published: May 2020

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"La educación encierra un tesoro. Informe a la UNESCO de la Comisión Internacional sobre la educación para el siglo XXI" (Recensión)
Authors: Camacho Laraña, S.I. Ildefonso
Published: May 2020

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Reseñas
Authors: Trechera Herreros José Luis , Echániz Aranzta , Camacho Laraña, S.I. Ildefonso , Calleja José Ignacio , Prieto Martínez Fernando
Published: May 2020

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La cooperación al desarrollo de los países n´órdicos de la Unión Europea
Authors: Tena Jiménez Miguel Francisco
Published: May 2020

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La dialéctica formación/trabajo en el Derecho del Trabajo español
Authors: Marzal Fuentes Antonio
Published: May 2020

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Calidad de vida y tercera edad: algunos indicadores
Authors: Montiel Torres Ana Mª
Published: May 2020

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"España frente a la Unión Económica y Monetaria" (Recensión)
Authors: Rodero Franganillo Adolfo
Published: May 2020

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新冠疫情防控情境下的高校毕业生就业服务工作效能提升
Authors: 李 洁
Published: May 2020

新冠疫情防控对国内、国际经济形势造成了很大冲击，国内经济增速放缓，国际经济下行风险加剧，同时疫情也催生了很多新兴产业，国家也出台了一系列措施稳就业。高校毕业生就业工作面临着新的形势、新的挑战。高校就业服务部门可从转变理念全员参与，加强个性化就业辅导，提高人职匹配精准度，强化针对新型产业领域的就业创业引导及简化就业手续、实现就业流程网络化等几个方面提升就业服务工作效能。
提升小波在红外小目标图像预处理中的研究
Authors: 马 伟力
Published: May 2020

红外图像广泛应用于军事和民用领域，因对比度差、边缘模糊、噪声较大等缺点普遍存在，给红外图像的处理和应用来了极大困难。为了增强红外图像、去除其中的噪声影响，给出了NSCT变换和提升小波相结合的方法，通过实验仿真发现，处理效果明显。
河北省湿地生态环境保护及其立法现状分析
Authors: 张 兆平 , 刘 丰
Published: May 2020

河北省区域面积较大，受南北自然环境影响，河北省的湿地类型相对齐全，在湿地资源上也较为丰富，因为湿地资源总量排全国第11位，因此河北也属于国内的湿地大省。但随着近年来经济建设水平的提升与社会的发展，河北省的湿地资源遭到了相当严重的破坏，为保护河北省的湿地资源及系统，保护生物多样性以及实现可持续发展，相关部门逐渐重视立法对河北省湿地生态环境进行相应的保护。
Examining Failure Behaviour of Commercially Pure Titanium During Tensile Deformation and Hole Expansion Test
Authors: Kwame J.S , Yakushina E. , Blackwell P.
Published: May 2020

Hole expansion ratio is a material parameter which defines the extent to which sheet metals are formed. Research has shown that, the stress state observed at the hole edge after hole expansion test is similar to those observed during conventional uniaxial tensile test. However, conventional tensile test methods are not efficient in evaluating material edge formability. This work utilised optical non-contact measuring techniques to examine failure behaviour during tensile test and hole expansion test of commercially pure titanium sheet, fabricated with either abrasive water jet cutting or electric discharge machining. The work found that, the deformation mode in conventional tensile testing are governed by localised necking and subsequently diffused necking prior to failure. Deformation mode observed in hole expansion test is characterised by localised necking with no visible occurrence of diffused necking prior to failure. The highest strains are concentrated at the hole edge during hole expansion test due to their sensitivity to the hole preparation method with accompanying multiple localised necking sites resulting in non-uniform deformation. Strains become concentrated in the bulk material microstructure rather than the machined edge during tensile testing resulting in single localised deformation site and a more homogenous deformation.
DESIGNING BEACHSIDE RESORT AT PANTAI INDAH KALANGAN, CENTRAL TAPANULI WITH VERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE APPROACHMENT
Authors: Imam Faisal Pane  , Maria Isabella Zebua
Published: May 2020

Central Tapanuli is known for many stunning tourist locations, mainly its stretch of beach so that it becomes a great potential as an area of tourism with adequate accommodation as well as resorts. Some problems in the design resort that attract the attention and interest of tourist to come, how to design space programs according to human needs in it, and how to design buildings that are responsive to local climate, cultural and social conditions. From these problems, it is intended to create resorts with a variety of recreational facilities, design inner spaces and outdoor spaces according to resorts needs and local wisdom, and can introduce local culture to foreign tourists through resort design. Therefore, the research conducted by collecting existing location information, literature studies, comparative studies, and field surveys. After doing each step above, the result obtained, namely the design of the Beachside Resort using vernacular architecture, which is applied to each form of resort building, ranging from hotel, restaurant, cottages, spa and sauna, and other supporting facilities, using the types of the Central Tapanuli household, combined with the application of “Dalihan Natolu”. By obtaining these result, it is expected to become tourism locations and become a positive response in bringing back the traditional architecture of Central Tapanuli.
EVALUATION OF PASSIVE FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEMS IN SUPERMALL BUILDINGS
Authors: N. Vinky Rahman  , Elky Fernanda
Published: May 2020

Evaluation of a passive fire protection system is an effort to find out how feasible a fire protection system is in a building. One of the main problems arising from fire hazards in mall buildings is fire protection systems that do not meet standards. This study aims to analyze the building fire protection system, with the Sun Plaza Medan case study with a total of six floors and one basement, and located in the city center. The method used in this study is descriptive qualitative and quantitative, with a variable observation stage which is then carried out by a comparison process using the Analytical Hierarchy Process. This AHP method is helpful for researchers to get the results needed. Evaluation results obtained at shopping centers (case studies: Sun Plaza Medan) can be categorized as good, although several components do not meet the standards. Several recommendations were made for changes by testing, to obtain an increase in the value of the reliability of the passive fire protection system in the case study.
PERAN RUANG KOMUNAL DALAM MENCIPTAKAN SENSE OF COMMUNITY STUDI KOMPARASI PERUMAHAN TERENCANA DAN PERUMAHAN TIDAK TERENCANA
Authors: Stirena Rossy Tamariska  , A. Dwi Eva Lestari2, Elisabet Nungky Septania  , Elisabet Nungky Septania  , M. Shoful Ulum
Published: May 2020

Sense of community merupakan penentu signifikan kualitas hidup secara umum dan kepuasan dalam kesejahteraan. Dalam kehidupan bermukim, anggotanya harus memiliki sense of community agar komunitasnya tetap bertahan dan hubungan yang berjalan semakin kuat. Adanya hubungan yang kuat antar warga permukiman merupakan salah satu ukuran kepuasan hidup di daerah perumahan. Aktivitas interaksi sosial yang terjadi di ruang komunal menjadi salah satu indikator terhadap sense of community. Ruang komunal di dalam kota keberadaannya bisa direncanakan, bisa pula muncul secara organic (tidak terencana). Masing-masing ruang komunal baik yang ‘by design’ ataupun ‘non design’ memiliki peran masing-masing berdasarkan aktivitas dan keseharian yang terjadi. Keberadaan interaksi sosial melalui terbentuknya kelompok pengguna ruang, intensifnya penggunaan ruang dan adanya aktivitas yang beragam dapat menjelaskan bagaimana ruang komunal bermakna bagi masyarakat. Ruang komunal dalam mempertahankan eksistensinya dipengaruhi oleh bagaimana penghuni atau pengguna (user) memanfaatkan ruang komunal tersebut. Kebutuhan ruang komunal dilakukan berdasarkan sebuah kesadaran bahwa interaksi sosial merupakan bagian dari kebutuhan keseharian. Pada ruang komunal kampung kota, interaksi sosial bisa dilakukan kapan saja setiap saat, dengan memanfaatkan ruang-ruang yang justru tidak direncanakan atau ruang yang berada relatif dekat dengan hunian. Ruang komunal baik terencana maupun tidak terencana masing-masing memiliki peran sosial. Sense of community dapat dinilai dari kualitas penggunaan lahan, kualitas fisik ruang komunal dan kualitas sosial. Masing-masing ruang komunal memiliki peran dalam menciptakan sense of community karena faktor lingkungan sangat penting untuk pengembangan rasa kebersamaan dalam komunitas perkotaan. Studi ini dapat digunakan sebagai rekomendasi dalam pembuatan kebijakan untuk untuk memperhatikan hadirnya ruang-ruang interaksi/ ruang komunal dalam perencanaan permukiman/ perkotaan yang menciptakan Sense of Community.
The Implementation Of Green Architecture In Music Center Building
Authors: Harisdani D. D , Tantri W
Published: May 2020

Green architecture can be implemented on the design of a music center building in Medan, Indonesia. The effectiveness of the studying process is related to the environment of the study places created through the implementation of green architecture into a natural, comfortable and tranquil environment both in and outside of the building. With this implementation, an energy-efficient building is designed which supports the development of the city’s green area. To design the building itself, the architectural and non –architectural design stages are carried out by analyzing through various libraries and media as a consideration in solving design problems. The design of this building is related to the orientation of the building itself which utilizes natural lightning, attention to the direction of wind to create natural air circulation, provision of parking spaces and open spaces for convenience and the reuse of water resources which is a green architectural concept that is implemented in urban area’s buildings.