bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A new spin on electrochemistry in the undergraduate lab
Authors: Fruehwald Holly M. , Zenkina Olena V. , Easton E. Bradley
Published: November 2021

The growing interest in electrochemistry over recent years has sparked an increase in the popularity of various electrochemical techniques, including more advanced methods, that have previously been overlooked in academia and industry. This makes comprehensive hands-on experience in electrochemistry a highly demanded addition to chemistry graduates. However, many students do not receive sufficient training in the theory and experimental design to confidently use and apply various electrochemical techniques throughout their undergraduate, and sometimes even in graduate studies. Here we summarize the theory and practical applications for both rotating disk electrode (RDE) and rotating ring disk electrode (RRDE) techniques. The different modes of operation of rotating ring disk voltammetry, methodologies of data analysis and interpretation as well as the scope of the information that can be extracted from the RDE/RRDE are discussed. Proposed modifications of the laboratory curriculum will allow students to examine and learn valuable information about the reactions on the surface of the electrode/liquid interface. This information will allow chemists to confidently use RDE and RRDE techniques for a wide range of research and development targets. Furthermore, incorporating these techniques into existing chemistry laboratories will help chemistry educators to enrich the undergraduate chemistry curriculum and improve students’ learning outcomes.
The crystallization and mechanical properties of poly(4-methyl-1-pentene) hard elastic film with different melt draw ratios
Authors: Yin Liangdong , Xu Ruijie , Xie Jiayi , Lei Caihong , Cai Qi
Published: November 2021

To study the effect of the melt-draw ratios (MDRs) on the structure and properties of the poly(4-methyl-1-pentene) (PMP) film, the crystal structure evolution and mechanical properties of the PMP film with an MDR of 40–160 were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, wide-angle X-ray scattering, and mechanical test. The results show that with the increase of MDR, the spherulite to platelet transition occurs in the PMP. When the MDR exceeds 100, a parallel platelet structure appears. Due to the side chains, with the increase of MDR, the distribution density of tie chains in PMP decreases and the entanglement density of amorphous chains increases. This leads to a decrease in the yield strength and the strain hardening becomes noticeable. Although the crystalline network becomes loose due to the decrease in tie chain density, the elastic recovery (ER) value still increases with the increase of MDR. This result indicates that the entanglement density of the amorphous region greatly contributes to the ER.
The effect of isothermal crystallization on mechanical properties of poly(ethylene 2,5-furandicarboxylate)
Authors: Zhang Wei , Wang Qingyin , Wang Gongying , Liu Shaoying
Published: November 2021

The effects of isothermal crystallization temperature/time on mechanical properties of bio-based polyester poly(ethylene 2,5-furandicarboxylate) (PEF) were investigated. The intrinsic viscosity, crystallization properties, thermal properties, and microstructure of PEF were characterized using ubbelohde viscometer, X-ray diffraction, polarizing optical microscope, differential scanning calorimetry, and scanning electron microscopy. The PEF sample isothermal crystallized at various temperatures for various times was denoted as PEF-T-t. The results showed that the isothermal crystallization temperature affected the mechanical properties of PEF-T-30 by simultaneously affecting its crystallization properties and intrinsic viscosity. The isothermal crystallization time only affected the crystallization properties of PEF-110-t. The crystallinity of PEF-110-40 was 17.1%. With small crystal size, poor regularity, and α′-crystal, PEF-110-40 can absorb the energy generated in the tensile process to the maximum extent. Therefore, the best mechanical properties can be obtained for PEF-110-40 with the tensile strength of 43.55 MPa, the tensile modulus of 1,296 MPa, and the elongation at a break of 13.36%.
Extraction and modification of hemicellulose from lignocellulosic biomass: A review
Authors: Lu Yuchan , He Qiao , Fan Guozhi , Cheng Qunpeng , Song Guangsen
Published: November 2021

Hemicellulose is a carbohydrate biopolymer second only to cellulose, which is rich and has a broad application prospect. The limitation of high-value utilization of hemicellulose has been a long-standing challenge due to its complex and diversified structure. The extraction and subsequent modification of hemicellulose from lignocellulosic biomass represent a promising pathway toward this goal. Herein, the extraction processes including physical pretreatment, chemical pretreatment, and combined pretreatment for separating hemicellulose from lignocellulosic biomass were introduced, and the advantages and disadvantages of various extraction procedures were also described. The chemical modification of hemicellulose such as etherification, esterification, grafting, and cross-linking modification was reviewed in detail. The separation and modification of hemicellulose in the future are prospected based on the earlier studies.
The anticancer and free radical scavenging potential of the Unani medicine Agaricus albus L.
Authors: Mannan Mohd Nazir , Zakir Mohammad , Ahmad Tasleem , Lahari Kuna , Kazmi Munawwar Husain
Published: November 2021

Objectives

Traditional Unani medicine plays a major role in maintaining health in developing countries. For ages, Unani physicians have described many Classical Unani Formulations (CUF) for their anti-cancerous action (Dāfiʻ-i-saraṭān) in the human population. These formulations contain various individual drugs which also have anticancer activity. The present study was designed to screen and compare cytotoxic and antioxidant properties of different extracts of Agaricus albus L. (A. albus), a drug used in the Unani system of medicine on human breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7).

Methods

Cytotoxic effect was assessed using MTT assay kit and free radical scavenging activity was done by using DPPH assay. Aqueous, hydro-ethanol and methanolic extracts were used at different concentrations.

Results

All extracts were shown good antioxidant and cytotoxic activity. Among all extracts, maximum cytotoxic effect was observed in methanolic extract and aqueous extract at the concentration of 1,000 μg against MCF-7 cell line in comparison to paclitaxel. The maximum antioxidant activity was observed in the hydroethanolic extract at the concentration of 1,000 μg against the MCF-7 cell line in comparison to ascorbic acid.

Conclusions

The present study advocates, the anticancer and antioxidant property of A. albus and suggests that this drug may be used as a potential drug for cancer treatment after a successful and detailed preclinical study and clinical trial.
Microwave-assisted preparation of polyphosphoric acid in a continuous-flow reactor
Authors: Ye Jinghua , Zhang Chun , Gao Taotao , Zhu Huacheng
Published: November 2021

Polyphosphoric acid (PPA) is widely used in inorganic salt production, petrochemical industry, electronic material preparation and other manufacturing industries. Conventional preparation methods of PPA has disadvantages of pollution, high energy consumption and long production time. To address this problem, microwave continuous-flow preparation may be a desirable way due to its advantages of environmentally-friendly, rapidity and high efficiency. Therefore, to explore the process of preparing PPA by microwave continuous-flow method, a continuous-flow microwave reactor was designed for the dehydration process of orthophosphoric acid to prepare PPA in this paper. The microwave-assisted dehydration process was studied in comparison with the conventional dehydration process and the “closed” microwave-assisted dehydration process in terms of energy efficiency, process times and treatment capacity. The effect of input microwave power, reduced pressure and inlet flow velocity of orthophosphoric acid on the performance of the dehydration process was studied. The results showed that the influence of the microwave power on the temperature rise process during dehydration is greater than that of the reduced pressure. Moreover, the inlet flow rate has a great impact on the treatment capacity and product quality of the dehydration process. Bedsides, the comparison with the other two methods showed that microwave heating can effectively shorten the dehydration time, and the continuous-flow treatment can effectively improve the treatment capacity of microwave heating. The perspectives of the process scale-up by continuous-flow microwave heating method is also discussed.
Analysis of fluid retention zones in heat exchangers with segmental baffle and helical baffle
Authors: Gu Xin , Li Ning , Chen Cheng , Zhang Qianxin , Wang Guan , Wang Yongqing
Published: November 2021

By using the residence time distribution method (RTD), the fluid retention zones in the shell and tube heat exchanger with segmental baffle (STHX-SB) and the heat exchanger with helical baffle (STHX-HB) are compared and discussed. The flow pattern and fluid retention zone of the similar double helical flow heat exchanger (STHX-SDH) were analyzed by using the same method. The result shows the spiral flow can reduce the fluid retention zone. The flow pattern in the STHX-SDH likes a double helical shape and leads to a very small fluid retention zone. According to the simulation results, the location of the fluid retention zone of STHX-SDH is determined. The verification line method and the zone assessment method were adopted, to discuss the flow velocity of each point on the verification line and the average flow velocities of the selected zones. The change laws of the flow velocities on the verification lines and the average flow velocities of the selected zones at different Reynolds numbers were compared. The result reveals the distribution of the fluid retention zone of the STHX-SDH and the sensitivity of each fluid retention zone to the Reynolds number. By optimization of the angle of the baffle, the volume fraction of the fluid retention zone is reduced to 1.61%, and the heat transfer performance is improved by 13.23%. It is verified that reducing the fluid retention zone can effectively enhance the heat transfer performance. This research method provides a theoretical basis for reducing the fluid retention zone of the heat exchanger and enhancing heat transfer performance.
Exploring the U.S. institutional discourse about critical information infrastructure protection (CIIP): a corpus-based analysis
Authors: Cheng Le , Liu Yuxin , Zhao Yun
Published: November 2021

This study uses a combinative method of quantitative and qualitative discourse analysis applying the discourse-historical approach (DHA), based on a self-built special corpus composed of the U.S. laws, policies and strategy documents that are directly related to critical information infrastructure protection (CIIP); through a Word List ranked by frequency, it is found that there seems to be a coherent securitizing system which has been formed in the U.S. CIIP legislative practices, with some specific considerations in the CIIP policy-making process including the strategy for risk management. By further investigating the internal institutional relationships and institutional mechanisms with corpus tools, four discursive features and strategies of the U.S. CIIP institutional discourse can be discovered: the leading role of private and specific institutions in public-private cooperation; the coexisting characteristics of generality and precision in the process of object definition; the center-divergent institutional settings in executing CIIP execution; and the coordinating discourse patterns for CIIP within the U.S. legislation. Those discursive practices concerning different institutional actors can be further explained in the broader context of the U.S. social reality. This study is not only helpful in better understanding the legal practices in U.S. cybersecurity, but also provides some meaningful insights on CIIP legislation to policy makers in other countries as well as at the international level.
3D structure of single and multiple vortices in a flow under rotation
Authors: Castaño Damián , Navarro María Cruz , Herrero Henar
Published: November 2021

In this paper, we analyze the 3D structure of vortices developed in a rotating cylinder nonhomogeneously heated from below, when the rotation rate is increased. The analysis has been done by using nonlinear simulations. For a fixed Rayleigh number, the rotation rate is the bifurcation parameter. At low rotation rates, one single vortex is developed. When the rotation on the system is increased, another coexistent vortex appears at mid-levels in the cell. If the rotation is high enough, multiple-vortex structures with three or four vortices are developed at different heights. For larger rotation, complex multiple vortices appear with a chaotic behavior. A force balance analysis permits to study the role of the forces being determinant.
The Current Problems of Aesthetic Creation in Chinese Film Art
Authors: Zhou Xing
Published: November 2021

Current market-led Chinese film production has made huge achievements. Market indicators certainly have their validity. However, the power of the market has been exaggerated so that it controls everything. Because of the disregard of film as an aesthetic object, the content, form and aesthetic sensibility of films have been neglected, preventing creation at a higher level. The loss of multiple cultural identities due to market factors and artistic indifference is hardly sustainable in the long run. In recent years, Chinese films have gradually improved their artistic aesthetics. How to reasonably coordinate the market and the realization of the value of art and culture itself is an urgent problem to be solved. Firstly, Chinese films should have creative imagination; secondly, Chinese films should have the artistic expression of the national core value of heroism; thirdly, Chinese films should have meticulous depictions of people. Under the perspective of aesthetic appreciation, it is a top priority for Chinese films to be more in line with reality and traditional aesthetic culture, and be more characterized in their creation.
All-optical frequency-encoded Toffoli gate
Authors: Srivastava Saumya , Chaurasiya Upendra , Tiwari Pradeep , Misal Ashish , Upadhyay Kamal Kishor
Published: November 2021

The construction of an all-optical frequency-encoded Toffoli gate employing a reflecting semiconductor optical amplifier (RSOA) is proposed in this article. By establishing fields such as quantum computing, optical quantum computing, quantum-dot cellular automata, and superconducting flux logic family, quantum gates have been proved to perform reliably in the present day. A nonzero-mass electron, on the other hand, moves far slower than a quantum particle with zero rest mass, such as a photon. Photons can also be utilized to store data while being sent. These photon qualities have motivated researchers to create quantum gates in the all-optical domain based on them. The RSOA-based implementation of the Toffoli gate gives a significant improvement in the case of high speed, low power, and fast switching time. MATLAB Simulink (R2018a) software is used to simulate the devised design. The theoretical prediction is satisfied by the simulation results.
The investigation of serum protein profiles in anal fistula for potential biomarkers
Authors: Peng Yunhua , Lu Hong , Zhang Wei , Chen Tian , Wang Qingyuan , Pei Yanni , Yang Qiqi , Yang Wei
Published: November 2021

Objectives

An anal fistula is an external abnormal anatomical connection between the rectum and the outer skin of the anus. Symptoms include anorectal pain, abscesses, perianal cellulitis, smelly or bloody drainage of pus, and, in some cases, difficulty controlling bowel movements. Diagnosis and evaluation of anal fistulas is crucial for prognosis and for the choice of the treatment method. In this study, we aimed to discover potential biomarkers from serum proteins for the prediction of anal fistulas.

Methods

Using antibody array technology, the expression of 40 proteins was simultaneously detected in serum samples from 13 patients with anal fistulas with chronic diarrhea, 14 patients with chronic diarrhea and six healthy volunteers. Differentially expressed proteins were subsequently validated by ELISA, with a sample population expanded to 30 patients with anal fistulas and chronic diarrhea, 30 patients with chronic diarrheas only and 20 healthy controls.

Results

Quantification analysis identified MIP-1α, MIP-1β and TNF-R1 with significant differential expression between the anal fistula with chronic diarrhea, chronic diarrhea only and healthy control groups. Bioinformatics analyses, including PCA and heat map creation, showed a clear separation between the three groups using the expression of MIP-1α, MIP-1β and TNF-R1. Validation by ELISA with the expanded sample population fistulas showed significant differential expression levels of MIP-1α, MIP-1β and TNF-R1, displaying accuracy rates of 0.898, 0.987 and 1.0 between the anal fistula with chronic diarrhea and healthy control groups. Accuracy rates between the anal fistula with chronic diarrhea and the chronic diarrhea only groups were 0.9768, 0.909 and 0.964, respectively.

Conclusions

These results suggest the feasibility of employing serum proteins MIP-1α, MIP-1β and TNF-R1 as potential biomarkers for rapid and convenient diagnosis of anal fistula in chronic diarrhea patients.
Data mining of pediatric reference intervals
Authors: Zierk Jakob , Metzler Markus , Rauh Manfred
Published: November 2021

Laboratory tests are essential to assess the health status and to guide patient care in individuals of all ages. The interpretation of quantitative test results requires availability of appropriate reference intervals, and reference intervals in children have to account for the extensive physiological dynamics with age in many biomarkers. Creation of reference intervals using conventional approaches requires the sampling of healthy individuals, which is opposed by ethical and practical considerations in children, due to the need for a large number of blood samples from healthy children of all ages, including neonates and young infants. This limits the availability and quality of pediatric reference intervals, and ultimately negatively impacts pediatric clinical decision-making. Data mining approaches use laboratory test results and clinical information from hospital information systems to create reference intervals. The extensive number of available test results from laboratory information systems and advanced statistical methods enable the creation of pediatric reference intervals with an unprecedented age-related accuracy for children of all ages. Ongoing developments regarding the availability and standardization of electronic medical records and of indirect statistical methods will further improve the benefit of data mining for pediatric reference intervals.
Crystal structure of (E)-7-fluoro-2-(3-fluorobenzylidene)-3,4-dihydronaphthalen-1(2H)-one, C17H12F2O1
Authors: Song Jia , Zhao Feng-Lan , Wang Qi-bao , Meng Qing-Guo
Published: November 2021

C17H12F2O1, monoclinic,

P

1
‾

$P\overline{1}$

(no. 2), a = 7.3832(8) Å, b = 8.6467(9) Å, c = 11.3278(11) Å, α = 87.633(8)°, β = 88.022(8)°, γ = 65.364(10)°, V = 654.88(13) Å3, Z = 2, R

gt
(F) = 0.0369, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.0987, T = 293(2) K.
Some common and dynamic properties of logarithmic Pareto distribution with applications
Authors: Kayid Mohamed
Published: November 2021

The Pareto distribution satisfies the power law, which is widely used in physics, biology, earth and planetary sciences, economics, finance, computer science, and many other fields. In this article, the logarithmic Pareto distribution, a logarithmic transformation of the Pareto distribution, is presented and studied. The moments, percentiles, skewness, kurtosis, and some dynamic measures such as hazard rate, mean residual life, and quantile residual life are discussed. The parameters were estimated by quantile and maximum likelihood methods. A simulation study was conducted to investigate the efficiency, consistency, and behavior of the maximum likelihood estimator. Finally, the proposed distribution was fitted to some datasets to show its usefulness.
Enhancement of thermoelectric and mechanical properties of thermoplastic vulcanizates (TPVs) with hydroxylated graphene by dynamic vulcanization
Authors: Tang Qi , Cao Lan , Lang Xiurui , Zong Yingxia , Zong Chengzhong
Published: November 2021

In order to obtain higher thermoelectric and mechanical properties in nonpolar thermoplastic vulcanizates (TPVs), the butyl rubber/polypropylene (TPVs)/hydroxylated graphene (HGE) composites with nanosheet network were prepared through masterbatch technique and based on thermodynamic calculations, using polypropylene-graft-maleic anhydride (PP-MA) as a compatibilizer. The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and Raman spectra revealed the introduced maleic anhydride group on PP-MA can form strong interfacial interaction with hydroxyl-containing functional groups on HGE. Morphology study indicated the rubber particles in the composites occupied the most volume of the PP phase, as expected to hinder the aggregation of HGE and form the effective nanosheet network. The nanosheet network can be combined with the butyl rubber (IIR) cross-linked particles during the dynamic vulcanization process to improve the interface bonding between PP and IIR, thus increasing the tensile strength of TPVs. The prepared TPVs/HGE composites have significantly improved in mechanical properties, thermal properties and dielectric properties, which provides a guarantee for their potential application as multifunctional TPVs polymers.
Elaboration of composite based on the incorporation of marble particles into polymeric framework for the removal of Co(II) and Eu(III)
Authors: Attallah Mohamed F. , Helal Aly A. , Hamed Mostafa M. , Allan Karam F.
Published: November 2021

The incorporation of marble particles into the framework of composite material through the polymerization of acrylic acid (AA) and acrylamide acid (AM) using induced gamma irradiation was performed. The novel poly[AA-AM]-marble composite was characterized by multiple analytical instruments such as: energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, differential thermal analysis-thermogravimetric analysis (DTA-TGA), Fourier transformer infrared (FTIR), surface area measurements using Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) method and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Radioisotopes of fission (152+154Eu) and activation products (60Co) are the major environmental threats. Sorption of stable isotopes of cobalt and europium onto the synthesized composite material as the sorbent is applied. Sorption kinetics of Eu3+ and Co2+ were computed. The obtained results were analyzed by pseudo-first- and second-order, intraparticle diffusion, and Elovich kinetic models. It is deduced that the pseudo-second-order was more fitted and a chemisorption mechanism was suggested. The sorption capacity for Eu3+ and Co2+ on the prepared composite material was measured at the contact time (2 h) and pH = 4 (for Eu3+), pH = 6 (for Co2+) and it was found to be 91.2 and 13.1 mg/g, respectively. A promising result for the decontamination of both Eu and Co ions was obtained in various aquatic ecosystem applications such as: river water, tap water and groundwater.
The effect of one dry needling session on pain, central pain processing, muscle co-contraction and gait characteristics in patients with knee osteoarthritis: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Vervullens Sophie , Meert Lotte , Baert Isabel , Delrue Nicolas , Heusdens Christiaan H. W. , Hallemans Ann , Van Criekinge Tamaya , Smeets Rob J. E. M. , De Meulemeester Kayleigh
Published: November 2021

Objectives

To assess the immediate and three days postintervention effect of one dry needling session compared to one sham needling session on pain, central pain processing, muscle co-contraction and spatiotemporal parameters during gait in knee osteoarthritis patients.

Methods

A double-blind randomized controlled trial was conducted. Sixty-one knee osteoarthritis patients were randomly assigned to the dry needling or sham needling group. Primary outcomes were pain and central pain processing. Secondary outcomes included muscle co-contraction and spatiotemporal parameters during gait. Patients were assessed at baseline and 15 min after the intervention, and pain also three days after the intervention. Linear mixed models were used to examine between- and within-group differences.

Results

No significant between-group differences for pain were found, but within-group scores showed a significant decrease 15 min after sham needling and three days after dry needling. The mean conditioned pain modulation effect measured at the m. Trapezius worsened significantly 15 min after sham needling compared to after dry needling (between-group difference). However, individual conditioned pain modulation percentage scores remained stable over time. Various significant within-group differences were found 15 min after sham needling: a decrease of conditioned pain modulation measured at m. Quadriceps and m. Trapezius and stride- and step-time scores, and an increase in step length and widespread pain pressure threshold. A significant decrease in muscle co-contraction index of the m. Vastus Medialis and Semitendinosus was found as within-group difference 15 min after dry needling.

Conclusions

Dry needling has no larger effect on pain, central pain processing, muscle co-contraction and gait pattern 15 min and three days postintervention compared to sham needling. Mean conditioned pain modulation scores worsened after sham needling compared to after dry needling. Further research remains necessary.
Applicability of correlational data-mining to small-scale turbojet performance map generation
Authors: Villarreal-Valderrama Francisco , Juárez-Pérez Pedro , García-Pérez Ulises , Amezquita-Brooks Luis
Published: November 2021

Turbojet applications benefit from accurate performance models. The aim of this study is to explore the applicability of data-mining algorithms to determine relationships between the generated thrust, the environmental conditions (free stream air-speed, inlet temperature and pressure) and the operating conditions (input fuel flow and shaft angular speed). For this purpose, experimental tests were carried out within wind-tunnel facilities using an experimental single-spool turbojet test bench. It is well-known that a large set of data-mining approaches relies on establishing linear correlations among input and output variables. The scope of this article is to assess the applicability of correlational data-mining approaches by i) an exploratory data analysis to find underlying data patterns and ii) principal component regressions to obtain a suitable predictive model for the generated thrust. Validation experiments demonstrated that the data-based model allows capturing the effects of the environmental and operating conditions with good accuracy (Root Mean Squared Error RMSE = 3.5100%), while maintaining a low complexity in the resulting structure. These results show that it is possible to generate turbojet experimental performance maps through data-mining algorithms with a correlational approach.
Neue Strategien für die Destinationsentwicklung im Deutschlandtourismus? – Ansatzpunkte für eine Post-Corona-Zeit
Authors: Olbrich Natalie , Pechlaner Harald
Published: November 2021

Am Beispiel der Destinationsentwicklung des Deutschlandtourismus zielt dieser Beitrag darauf ab, strategische Vorgehensweisen in der Destinationsentwicklung im Zuge der andauernden Covid-19-Pandemie zu analysieren. Die Krise hat gezeigt, dass eine langfristige Strategieentwicklung für die touristische Wettbewerbsfähigkeit notwendig ist und traditionelle Geschäftsmodelle überdacht werden müssen. Auf Grundlage der Erkenntnisse einer studentischen Masterexkursion sowie einer Veranstaltungsreihe wurde eine qualitative Interviewreihe durchgeführt, wobei festgestellt werden konnte, dass die wirtschaftlichen Auswirkungen auf die Destinationen weitreichend sind und für eine Post-Corona-Zeit grundlegende Veränderungen bei der Destinationsentwicklung diskutiert werden müssen. Insbesondere die Einbindung und Partizipation der lokalen Bevölkerung mittels eines Dialogmanagements gewinnt vor dem Hintergrund der Krise an Relevanz und stellt ein wichtiges strategisches Instrument dar. Die zentrale Herausforderung allerdings bleibt, die einheimische Bevölkerung dergestalt in die Prozesse zu integrieren, sodass das Tourismusbewusstsein nachhaltig gefördert wird.
Die COVID-19 Pandemie als Treiber von Innovationen in der Tourismusbranche? Ein Fallbeispiel der niederösterreichischen Bergbahnen
Authors: Steiger Robert , Peters Mike , Redl Markus , Schnitzer Martin
Published: November 2021

Krisen können Veränderungsprozesse in Unternehmen und Tourismusdestinationen stimulieren. Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit ist, die COVID-19 Krise als potenziellen Treiber von Innovationen im Tourismus zu untersuchen. Als Fallbeispiel werden Skigebiete in Niederösterreich verwendet, welche im Winter 2020/21 im Gegensatz zu vielen Skigebieten in anderen Alpenregionen, geöffnet hatten. Eine Dokumenten-/Internetanalyse und Interviews mit Entscheidungsträgern der Region geben Einblick in die Vorbereitung und Umsetzung spezieller Maßnahmen, sowie die Bewertung der letzten Wintersaison. Aufgrund des großen Nachfragedrucks der Metropolregion Wien waren Verantwortliche besonders gefordert. Mit einem überregionalen Konzept und Online-Tools konnte man neue Wege im Bereich der Digitalisierung, Besucherlenkung, Kundenbindung und Bepreisung beschreiten, welche auch künftig helfen können, die Branche resilienter gegenüber externen Störungen zu machen.
“The just judgements that Ḫammu-rāpi, a former king, rendered”: A New Royal Inscription in the Istanbul Archaeological Museums
Authors: Frazer Mary , Adalı Selim Ferruh
Published: November 2021

This article publishes a royal inscription preserved on a clay tablet housed in the Istanbul Archaeological Museums. The inscription, which was intended for display on a stele, commemorates a royal grant of tax exemptions to nine Babylonian cities and presents the royal protagonist as a second Ḫammu-rāpi. The name and titulary of the king in question are not preserved, and the attribution of the inscription is accordingly uncertain. Following Jean-Vincent Scheil’s attribution of the text already in 1902, the study that accompanies an edition of the text argues that it should be attributed to Nabonidus, king of Babylon 556–539 BC, and explores its historical significance in this context.
Pedro de Cieza de León y el mito de El Dorado
Authors: González Boixo José Carlos
Published: November 2021

Pedro de Cieza de León es una de las dos fuentes cronísticas sobre el origen del mito de El Dorado (la otra es Gonzalo Fernández de Oviedo). En este artículo se analiza esta cuestión y la importancia que Cieza dio a esa búsqueda de un territorio que podía emular al recién descubierto Perú. El deslumbramiento de Cieza ante las riquezas peruanas y su propia experiencia previa como expedicionario son elementos que configuran su escritura: su tono moralista, en el que se atisba el espíritu del Barroco, se erige como contrapeso del hombre renacentista, ávido de novedades. Pedro de Cieza concibió su crónica del Perú como un relato histórico en el que la gloria y la desgracia se entremezclan y, en este sentido, el desconocido territorio de El Dorado, del que escribe, simbolizó el mito modélico del descubrimiento de un reino quimérico Se estudian, aquí, las referencias concretas a las supuestas localizaciones de El Dorado.
De la Antigüedad clásica al Humanismo renacentista: el infierno en algunas obras del Renacimiento
Authors: Teijeiro Fuentes Miguel
Published: November 2021

En este trabajo se analizan diferentes versiones del infierno desde la tradición antigua pagana (Odisea, Eneida, Metamorfosis…) y los textos sagrados (los Evangelios tradicionales y los apócrifos) hasta la Edad Media (Libro de Alexandre, Espejo de legos…). Esta visión se ha mantenido a lo largo de la literatura del Renacimiento en obras como el Clareo y Florisea, El Crótalon, el Libro de la Verdad o la Philosofía secreta. En la mayoría de ellos el infierno ha sido considerado un lugar oscuro y temible, habitado por seres horribles y situado en el centro de la tierra; un lugar donde los pecadores sufren castigos interminables a causa de los delitos o pecados cometidos, si bien es descrito desde visiones diferentes dependiendo de las fuentes o la teología manejadas, ya sea el erasmismo más reformista, ya el contrarreformismo surgido a partir del Concilio de Trento, ya sean las ideas más alumbradas o simplemente judías.
Discurso poético y lenguaje emocional en san Juan de la Cruz
Authors: Penas Ibáñez María Azucena
Published: November 2021

El presente artículo analiza las diferencias léxicas y el componente emocional de la edición bilingüe español-portugués de las Coplas del alma que pena por ver a Dios. Del mismo autor, de San Juan de la Cruz, así como algunas cuestiones semánticas de la figura retórica de la paradoja dentro de un contexto mayor de antítesis y oxímoron. Por lo que respecta a los tropos, el discurso poético está fundamentado en la metonimia del tipo causa-efecto.
La quijotización de Sancho y la autoorganización de los sistemas
Authors: Martín Morán José Manuel
Published: November 2021

Sancho en la ínsula gobierna como un Salomón, piensan sus paisanos. Y efectivamente, no cabe duda de que en el episodio de Barataria el escudero hace gala de inteligencia, perspicacia y prudencia, cualidades que hasta entonces no formaban parte de su acervo. La explicación de tan extraordinario cambio habría que buscarla, en opinión de Madariaga y otros críticos, en la constante interacción con su amo; la mutua influencia de los dos andantes habría restituido a don Quijote a la realidad del mundo cotidiano y proyectado a Sancho a unas esferas del ser social antes inalcanzables para él. Esta visión de las relaciones entre amo y escudero, a mi ver, pierde de vista el hecho de que ambos, además de relacionarse entre sí, tienen que hacerlo con los demás y con el contexto que los envuelve; en una palabra, no los considera como elementos de un sistema, condicionados por los cambios del mismo y por sus procesos de auto-organización en respuesta a determinados estímulos externos. Este trabajo acepta como base de partida justamente ese aserto y propone la capacidad de resiliencia de los dos personajes, y por extensión de la novela de Cervantes, a los traumas del ambiente externo como la clave para la instauración en 1615 de un nuevo equilibrio homeostático del sistema narrativo del que surgirá incluso un nuevo modelo de novela.
Marcela, o sobre la figura de la mujer libre
Authors: Lozano-Renieblas Isabel
Published: November 2021

El tema amoroso, y por extensión el personaje femenino, adquiere en la Primera Modernidad una centralidad que desembocará en la figura femenina de la mujer libre, cuyo exponente más representativo es el personaje de Marcela. La figura de la mujer libre tiene su origen en la tradición cortesana con La belle dame sans mercy de Alain Chartier (h. 1424). Surge como una rebelión ante la obligación de amar pero crece en los moldes de un género popular que sublima la armonía entre el hombre y la naturaleza. El episodio de Marcela, articulado sobre un caso de amor en el que dos bandos contienden sobre la obligatoriedad de amar, representa la culminación de esta nueva figura. El episodio es el resultado de una estética mixta que funde los elementos populares del idilio con elementos cortesanos, dando lugar a una importante transformación del género, que deja de ser cómico-popular para convertirse en serio-cómico.
El vaso de Alcimedón (Góngora, «Soledades», 1613, 145-152)
Authors: Bonilla Cerezo Rafael
Published: November 2021

El presente artículo se cifra en un locus criticus de la Soledad primera de Góngora: aquel de la «invención rara» del «viejo Alcimedón» (1613, 145-152). Luego de pasar concienzuda revista a los escolios de Juan de Jáuregui, Francisco Fernández de Córdoba (abad de Rute), Pedro Díaz de Rivas, el anónimo antequerano, José de Pellicer, García Salcedo Coronel, Martín Vázquez Siruela, Leo Spitzer, Dámaso Alonso y Joaquín Roses, se toma partido –gracias a dos pares de fuentes latinas (Virgilio, Ovidio) y manieristas (Barahona de Soto, Stigliani)– por las lecturas de John Beverley, Antonio Carreira, Robert Jammes y Nadine Ly: Alcimedón le dio elegante forma, «sin culto adorno», a un vaso de boj (y no a una cuchara).
Rostros de la migración venezolana: construcción discursiva de sensibilidades sociales
Authors: Bermejo-Bejarano María Camila , González-Guerrero Isabel
Published: November 2021

La migración venezolana ha sido un tema fundamental en la agenda política colombiana de los últimos años. Alrededor de este fenómeno han surgido diversos discursos, muchos de ellos producidos y reproducidos por los medios de comunicación, pues estos ocupan un papel clave en la lucha por la construcción de representaciones del mundo. Los discursos mediáticos suelen apelar a la evocación de emociones, ya que estas son trascendentales para generar marcos de interpretación y acción dentro de los esquemas mentales de los sujetos, lo cual las convierte en una herramienta idónea para el ejercicio del poder. Este texto pretende evidenciar, por medio del análisis de 48 noticias y reportes del periódico más leído en Colombia, El Tiempo, la forma como se suscitó la emocionalidad para la construcción discursiva sobre de la migración y las personas migrantes entre los años 2018 y 2019; periodo en el que creció exponencialmente el flujo de inmigrantes.
Rousseau y la sociedad como sentir colectivo
Authors: García Rubén
Published: November 2021

Rousseau no solo ha sido considerado como una de las figuras más representativas de la filosofía ilustrada, también se lo reconoce por ser pionero del romanticismo a causa de sus exhaustivas indagaciones en la subjetividad, con las que da cuenta de la relación entre lo afectivo e intelectivo. La indagación sobre la relación entre lo afectivo y la política ha sido un nicho prolífero de investigación en los estudios sobre Rousseau, en particular lo referente al análisis en torno al amor propio, el amor de sí y la compasión. A partir de esta grilla investigativa, este artículo indaga en la obra de Rousseau las raíces subjetivas de la afectividad humana y cómo estas sirven de guía para poder elucidar la sanción social como un mecanismo afectivo/intelectivo. Finalmente, se postula que el proyecto autónomo consiste en la apropiación y el uso deliberado de tales mecanismos.
Políticas sociales y emociones: hilos de (des)confianza
Authors: De Sena Angélica , Dettano Andrea
Published: November 2021

Reflexionar sobre el Estado involucra diferentes procesos, espacios de acción, sujetos y sentires. Sus intervenciones, en cuanto “modos de hacer”, son producto de sucesivas tomas de posición frente a cuestiones socialmente problematizadas. El artículo se propone leer las vivencialidades y sociabilidades que las políticas sociales consolidan en las vidas de millones de sujetos que resultan beneficiarios de Programas de Transferencias Monetarias. Tiene como objetivo describir las emociones de los receptores de políticas sociales al inicio del Aislamiento Social, Preventivo y Obligatorio en Argentina por la pandemia por Covid-19. Para cumplir con dicho propósito se realizaron entrevistas virtuales semi-estructuradas a través de la red social Facebook. Dicho análisis permite describir las emociones vinculadas a las modificaciones que implicó el comienzo del aislamiento, así como un fuerte sentido de desconfianza en relación a las intervenciones y a sus destinatarias/os.
Analysis of cervical cancer mortality rate trends in Natal-RN, Brazil, between 2000 and 2012
Authors: Azevedo Paulo Roberto Medeiros , Rocha Joyce Bezerra , Fernandes Thales Allyrio Araújo de Medeiros , Fernandes José Veríssimo
Published: November 2021

Objective To describe cervical cancer mortality rates and their corresponding trends, and to analyze the spatial correlations of this type of cancer in Natal-RN, Brazil, between 2000 and 2012.Materials and Methods The simple linear regression model, the empirical Bayes method and the Global Moran's index were used for the statistical analysis.Results The mortality coefficient of cervical cancer in Natal, standardized by age range, was 5.5 per 100 000 women. All historical series for the coefficients studied were classifiedas stable. The Global Moran's index obtained was 0.048, with a p-value for the spatial test correlation between neighborhoods of 0.300. The average family income by neighborhood showed no significant correlation to cervical cancer mortality rates.Conclusion This study found a temporal stabilization and spatial independence trend of cervical cancer mortality rates in women from Natal, as well as the absence of correlationbetween these rates and the average family income of the of the participating women distributed by neighborhoods. In view of this, changes in the public policies should be made aimed at preventing the disease; adopting these measures could positively impact the screening program, improving the coverage of Pap smears and immunization campaigns against HPV, in order to reverse this trend and achieve a reduction of mortality rates.
Effects of Acidic Beverages on Color Stability of Bulk-Fill Composites with Different Viscosities
Authors: Şişmanoğlu Soner , Sengez Görkem
Published: November 2021

The aim of this in vitro study is to investigate the effects of acidic beverages on the discoloration of bulk-fill composites with different viscosities. 144 disc-shaped specimens (8mm diameter × 2mm thick) were prepared from four different composite resins including a nanohybrid (Filtek Ultimate), two packable bulk-fill (Filtek Bulk Fill, Tetric N Ceram Bulk Fill), and a flowable bulk-fill composite (Tetric N Flow Bulk Fill). The specimens of each group were divided into 3 subgroups and submerged in distilled water, orange juice and coke (n=12). Color difference (∆E) were measured using CIELab color space and a compact spectrophotometer (VITA Easyshade) at baseline and after 30 days of immersion. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey's HSD post-hoc tests (P<0.05). Two-way ANOVA revealed that both material type and staining solution significantly influenced ∆E values (P<0.001). Immersion in orange juice resulted in greater and significant discoloration over time in comparison to distilled water and coke (P<0.05). Tetric N Ceram (∆E=7.0) and Tetric N Flow (∆E=7.7) bulk-fill restoratives showed highest color change values after 30 days of immersion in orange juice. This study suggests that a discoloration above the clinically acceptable threshold (∆E>2.7) was observed for all bulk-fill composites tested. It can be speculated that orange juice has a more negative effect on the color stability compared to coke. Additionally, flowable bulk-fill composite was more prone to discoloration than condensable bulk-fill composites.
Análise cultural das representações dos impactos das Olimpíadas Rio 2016 no The Guardian
Authors: Steffen Lauren , Ferreira Lisbôa Filho Flavi
Published: November 2021

O artigo analisa as representações dos impactos das Olimpíadas Rio 2016 construídas na série “Vozes do Rio: nossa odisseia olímpica”, publicada no portal de notícias do jornal The Guardian de 05 de agosto de 2015 a 19 de agosto de 2017. A série é composta por 21 relatos escritos por jornalistas comunitários de três favelas cariocas sobre as repercussões das Olimpíadas Rio 2016 no seu dia a dia. Como base teórico-metodológica, recorremos à análise cultural, concebida na ótica dos Estudos Culturais, para discutir as mediações entre a cultura vivida nas favelas cariocas e a construção de representações no discurso jornalístico. Como resultado, concluímos que o megaevento esportivo foi representado como um período de silenciamento das margens, levando à intensificação do processo de periferização das minorias sociais no país. Pontuamos, por fim, as contribuições do acionamento das vozes marginalizadas na série para a aproximação entre a cultura vivida e o discurso jornalístico.
Propostas textuais nos manuais de redação de duas agências alternativas de notícias
Authors: Zibordi Marcos Antônio
Published: November 2021

Pretende-se abordar aquilo que os manuais de redação de duas agências alternativas de notícias, baseadas nas capitais São Paulo e Rio de Janeiro, atribuem como parâmetros de qualidade a seus textos jornalísticos, especialmente do ponto de vista vocabular e no contexto de demandas sociais advindas da periferia. Tendo em vista o comprometimento ético, a racionalidade complexa e a capacidade de transformação estética de suas narrativas, conforme a tríade proposta por Cremilda Medina (1991, 2003, 2008, 2010, 2014, 2016), contraporemos o Manual de redação e estilo da Agência de Notícias das Favelas (FERNANDES, 2018) e o Manual da diversidade em Jornalismo (CUNHA, WEINGRILL, 2017) da Agência Énois - este, menos gramatical e esteticamente mais ousado, cumprindo as indicações que norteiam sua escrita, e conforme verificamos na prática jornalística, em reportagem que analisamos.
Equilíbrio estético dentogengivofacial angariado pela gengivoplastia e aplicação de toxina botulínica
Authors: Pedron Irineu Gregnanin
Published: November 2021

Introdução: Atualmente, a estética orofacial tem se tornado o objetivo principal no tratamento odontológico. O sorriso gengival é uma das queixas dos pacientes, já que tal situação pode influenciar a autoestima e o relacionamento social. A beleza do sorriso não está apenas na forma, posição e cor dos dentes, mas também nas características do tecido gengival, que devem ser tão harmoniosas quanto os dentes. O desenvolvimento de novas técnicas como a aplicação de toxina botulínica, pode ser uma opção terapêutica mais conservadora quando comparada à intervenção cirúrgica no tratamento do sorriso gengival. Objetivo: O propósito deste trabalho é apresentar o caso de uma paciente que apresentou discrepância dentogengival e sorriso gengival, sendo tratado pela gengivoplastia e aplicação de toxina botulínica, otimizando a harmonia do sorriso e a estética facial. Conclusões: Mesmo apresentando efeito temporário na correção do sorriso gengival, a aplicação da toxina botulínica é uma alternativa menos invasiva, rápida, segura e eficaz, que produz resultados harmônicos. A toxina botulínica é um complemento útil na melhora estética do sorriso e fornece melhores resultados quando associada à gengivoplastia, podendo ser mais uma opção terapêutica ao alcance do cirurgião-dentista, na finalização e complementação dos seus casos.