bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Otwarte kody źródłowe i moda
Authors: Raciniewska Alicja
Published: September 2020

The impact of the Internet and digital technologies on the contemporary fashion system is undeniable and evident in almost every aspect of its operation – in the techniques of design, material production, sales and distribution, methods of communication, consumption and, finally, the fashion education. There is no place to discuss all these areas in this article, so therefore, I will focus on the issue relatively poorly discussed in our country, which is the application of the open source philosophy in fashion. In the first part of this article the most important assumptions of the open source movement is presented. The second discusses the most important actors and practices of open source in fashion. The final part of the article is devoted to the evaluation of the analyzed phenomenon.
Nadzorować i kształtować. Wymiary społeczeństwa sieciowego
Authors: Baranowski Mariusz , Luczys Piotr
Published: September 2020

The purpose of this article is to show the different possibilities of applying supervision in the network society, which seems to be particularly susceptible to these types of practices. The scope and forms of social control in the dimension of the network will be discussed at both the level of individual applications of the generally available tools, as well as at the more sophisticated system of specialized programs. Apart from the perspective of surveillance in terms of advanced technology, the possible defensive tendencies also will be presented.
Internet czy świat realny. Gdzie według użytkowników Sieci naprawdę toczy się życie?
Authors: Anna Kęsicka Anna Kęsicka
Published: September 2020

The article compares the relations between people on the Internet and the real world. It presents a historical outline of the development of these relations on the Internet with a special focus on the analysis of the demographic profile of the Internet users at the beginning of the Internet and in 2014. The article is based on a body of research that was carried out by both subjects monitoring the Internet market and the author. While discussing the development of the Internet, the author uses the diffusion of information theory developed by Everett Rogers and refers to earlier theories explaining relations on the Internet.
A Poll-Tax Receipt from Hermopolis
Authors: Minnen Peter van
Published: September 2020

Edition of a poll-tax receipt from Hermopolis in the Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, München. The receipt is dated August 6, AD 195, and is one of the few poll-tax receipts from Hermopolis.
Three Christian Funerary Stelae from the Staatliches Museum Ägyptischer Kunst at Munich
Authors: Hidding Aaltje
Published: September 2020

This article presents a full publication of three Christian funerary stelae from Egypt, which were bought in 1912 by Friedrich von Bissing and are now in the Staatliches Museum Ägyptischer Kunst at Munich. The first one represents an orans figure, the second depicts a crux ansata and the third has the names Pasep inscribed (in Greek) on the front and Phanes on the back. Although the precise provenance of these pieces is unknown, stylistic features suggest they are from Deir el-Bala’iza, Armant and Edfu respectively.
Comparison of spectral characteristics in human and pig biliary system with hyperspectral imaging (HSI)
Authors: Cooney Gary Sean , Barberio Manuel , Diana Michele , Sucher Robert , Chalopin Claire , Köhler Hannes
Published: September 2020

Injuries to the biliary tree during surgical, endoscopic or invasive radiological diagnostic or therapeutic procedures involving the pancreas, liver or organs of the upper gastrointestinal tract give rise to the need to develop a method for clear discrimination of biliary anatomy from surrounding tissue. Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) is an emerging optical technique in disease diagnosis and image-guided surgery with inherent advantages of being a non-contact, non-invasive, and non-ionizing technique. HSI can produce quantitative diagnostic information about tissue pathology, morphology, and chemical composition. HSI was applied in human liver transplantation and compared to porcine model operations to assess the capability of discriminating biliary anatomy from surrounding biological tissue. Absorbance spectra measured from bile ducts, gall bladder, and liver show a dependence on tissue composition and bile concentration, with agreement between human and porcine datasets. The bile pigment biliverdin and structural proteins collagen and elastin were identified as contributors to the bile duct and gall bladder absorbance spectra.
EyeRobot: enabling telemedicine using a robot arm and a head-mounted display
Authors: Yu Kevin , Wegele Thomas , Ostler Daniel , Wilhelm Dirk , Feußner Hubertus
Published: September 2020

Telemedicine has become a valuable asset in emergency responses for assisting paramedics in decision making and first contact treatment. Paramedics in unfamiliar environments or time-critical situations often encounter complications for which they require external advice. Modern ambulance vehicles are equipped with microphones, cameras, and vital sensors, which allow experts to remotely join the local team. However, the visual channels are rarely used since the statically installed cameras only allow broad views at the patient. They neither allow a close-up view nor a dynamic viewpoint controlled by the remote expert. In this paper, we present EyeRobot, a concept which enables dynamic viewpoints for telepresence using the intuitive control of the user’s head motion. In particular, EyeRobot utilizes the 6 degrees of freedom pose estimation capabilities of modern head-mounted displays and applies them in real-time to the pose of a robot arm. A stereo-camera, installed on the end-effector of the robot arm, serves as the eyes of the remote expert at the local site. We put forward an implementation of EyeRobot and present the results of our pilot study which indicates its intuitive control.
Force estimation from 4D OCT data in a human tumor xenograft mouse model
Authors: Neidhardt Maximilian , Gessert Nils , Gosau Tobias , Kemmling Julia , Feldhaus Susanne , Schumacher Udo , Schlaefer Alexander
Published: September 2020

Minimally invasive robotic surgery offer benefits such as reduced physical trauma, faster recovery and lesser pain for the patient. For these procedures, visual and haptic feedback to the surgeon is crucial when operating surgical tools without line-of-sight with a robot. External force sensors are biased by friction at the tool shaft and thereby cannot estimate forces between tool tip and tissue. As an alternative, vision-based force estimation was proposed. Here, interaction forces are directly learned from deformation observed by an external imaging system. Recently, an approach based on optical coherence tomography and deep learning has shown promising results. However, most experiments are performed on ex-vivo tissue. In this work, we demonstrate that models trained on dead tissue do not perform well in in vivo data. We performed multiple experiments on a human tumor xenograft mouse model, both on in vivo, perfused tissue and dead tissue. We compared two deep learning models in different training scenarios. Training on perfused, in vivo data improved model performance by 24% for in vivo force estimation.
New insights in diagnostic laparoscopy
Authors: Berlet Maximilian , Hartwig Regine , Feussner Hubertus , Neumann Philipp-Alexander , Wilhelm Dirk
Published: September 2020

The basic concept of Diagnostic Laparoscopy (DL) is old but not old-fashioned. – Before the rise of tomography and ultrasound there was just the direct look into the abdomen and onto the affected organ available. As open surgery comes along with trauma, blood loss and infection, every effort have been made to improve the access strategies. Finally, due to innovation in optics, video technology and computer science, the look into the abdomen through a “keyhole” is a standard procedure today. – In this review we give an overview of history, implications and cost-effectiveness of DL, attempting an extrapolation of its future role.
Training of patient handover in virtual reality
Authors: Streuber Sebastian , Saalfeld Patrick , Podulski Katja , Hüttl Florentine , Huber Tobias , Buggenhagen Holger , Boedecker Christian , Preim Bernhard , Hansen Christian
Published: September 2020

Patient handover is an important part for information transfer between medical professionals in a clinical setting. Yet, in current medical education, these conversations are only trained sparsely, since they are costly to perform as they take place in offsite courses and are led by experts over several days. Virtual reality (VR)-based training courses could increase the availability of training, by eliminating travel costs and reducing the time-commitment of the teaching experts. This work presents a VR prototype of a multi-user training and examination application for patient handover. To ensure a similar interaction quality to its current real world counterpart, this work used omni-directional video recordings to create a realistic setting and compared different projection methods. A pilot study highlighted distinct use-cases of sphere and mesh projections to visualize the recordings. The results suggest enhanced spatial presence relating to the usage of omni-directional videos in VR-applications.
Using formal ontology for the representation of morphological properties of anatomical structures in endoscopic surgery
Authors: Schäfermeier Ralph , Uciteli Alexandr , Kropf Stefan , Herre Heinrich
Published: September 2020

In this paper we present results to the problem of an adequate and compact symbolic representation of morphological features of anatomical structures that serve as surgical landmarks for automated assistance in endoscopic surgery using the General Formal Ontology (GFO) as a formal framework. For this purpose, we employed a translation from this first-order logic representation to a more compact description logic based formalism with the associated benefits, such as the availability of decidable reasoning procedures, for the purpose of automated landmark recognition in a hybrid symbolic/subsymbolic AI approach.
Visual guidance for auditory brainstem implantation with modular software design
Authors: Regodic Milovan , Freysinger Wolfgang
Published: September 2020

An auditory brainstem implant (ABI) attempts to restore hearing at patients with bilateral damaged hearing nerve. The optimal placement of the ABI is challenging even with available auditory measures on the brainstem. We present a visual guidance system that aims to assist during intraoperative ABI placement. As a starting point, a surgical probe is navigated and intuitively visualized in the microscope oculars. The system is developed using modular and agile software design techniques. In a usability study, the participants were able to detect invisible targets marked in a phantom image with a millimetric precision. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that this kind of visual guidance is presented. In the future, the system will be expanded with surgical instruments used for the ABI placement.
Omega and the related counting polynomials of some chemical structures
Authors: Gao Wei , Butt Saad Ihsan , Numan Muhammad , Aslam Adnan , Malik Zeeshan , Waqas Muhammad
Published: September 2020

Counting polynomials are mathematical functions having as coefficients the multiplicity of property partition and as exponent the extent of the corresponding partition. In this work, four counting polynomials are computed: omega, theta, sadhana, and Padmakar–Ivan (PI) polynomials of benzene ring embedded in the P-type surface on 2-D network and n-phenylene. Moreover, the closed formulas of the corresponding indices of these polynomials are also proposed. These results could help to better understand the topology of these important structures.
Analysis and detection of electric field distribution characteristics of degraded insulators
Authors: Wang Lemiao , He Baina , Xie Yadi , Jiang Renzhuo , Mao Yazhe , Zhou Yuyang
Published: September 2020

After long-term operation, the electrical performance of UHV transmission line insulator string decreases and zero-value insulators are prone to occur. The existence of zero-value insulators leads to the flashover of insulator strings, which causes large-scale power outages in serious cases. In order to improve the power quality and detect the zero-value insulators of transmission lines more timely and efficiently, the influence of zero-value insulators on the electric field distribution of insulator strings is simulated and calculated by finite element method. At the same time, taking the grounding current of insulator string as the cut-in point, the principal component analysis method is used to screen the effective characteristic quantities, and then as the input of artificial neural network, and the fault area of insulator string is determined by the neural network. The simulation results show that the recognition accuracy of artificial neural network based on insulator string grounding current is high, and it has certain engineering application value.
Regularization of a continuation problem for electrodynamic equations
Authors: Romanov Vladimir G.
Published: September 2020

The problem of continuation of a solution of electrodynamic equations from the time-like half-plane

S
=

{

x
∈

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3

∣

x
3

=
0

}

S=\{x\in\mathbb{R}^{3}\mid x_{3}=0\}

inside the half-space

R
+
3

=

{

x
∈

R
3

∣

x
3

>
0

}

\mathbb{R}^{3}_{+}=\{x\in\mathbb{R}^{3}\mid x_{3}>0\}

is considered.
A regularization method for a solution of this problem with approximate data is proposed, and the convergence of this method for the class of functions that are analytic with respect to space variables is stated.
General (p,q)-mixed projection bodies
Authors: Feng Yibin , Zhou Yanping
Published: September 2020

In this article, the general (p,q)-mixed projection bodies are introduced. Then, some basic properties of the general (p,q)-mixed projection bodies are discussed, and the extreme values of volumes of the general (p,q)-mixed projection bodies and their polar bodies are established.
The effect of platelet rich plasma on radiotherapy
Authors: Cihan Yasemin B. , Baykan Halit
Published: September 2020

The basic principle in the clinical use of Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) is to increase the innate repairability of the human body and accelerate recovery after injury. PRP, a source of natural growth factors, emerges as a treatment method to reduce the side effects related to radiotherapy. PRP exerts its radioprotector effect by stimulating angiogenesis, epithelialization, cell differentiation and extracellular matrix formation in aged and poorly regenerated tissues. Additional studies are needed to confirm the promising effect of PRP in beam therapy.
A Deep Ensemble Classifier for Surface Defect Detection in Aircraft Visual Inspection
Authors: Ren Ivan , Zahiri Feraidoon , Sutton Gregory , Kurfess Thomas , Saldana Christopher
Published: September 2020

Visual inspection is critical in many maintenance, repair, and overhaul operations and is often the primary defense against premature failure caused by unresolved surface defects. The traditional inspection process is time-consuming and subjective, leading to research into automated systems using computer vision. Several prior methodologies have been developed using convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to classify surface defects; however, these methods often rely on singular models that are sensitive to poor model selection and training errors. Ensembling is a known technique used to minimize the errors of learning algorithms through combining the outputs of multiple models. This paper presents an automated inspection methodology utilizing stacked ensembles of CNNs to classify defects on aircraft surfaces. The proposed framework is evaluated with images obtained from a borescope inspection of aircraft propeller blade bores. It is shown that the ensemble method improves inspection accuracy over conventional single-model deep learning methods. Furthermore, the error reduction provided by the ensemble method reduces false alarms at decision boundaries that minimize missed detections. The proposed method is shown to improve the reliability of automated detection systems, which can avoid catastrophic scenarios on critical systems such as aircraft propellers.
Rare CNVs provide novel insights into the molecular basis of GH and IGF-1 insensitivity
Authors: Cottrell Emily , Cabrera Claudia P , Ishida Miho , Chatterjee Sumana , Greening James , Wright Neil , Bossowski Artur , Dunkel Leo , Deeb Asma , Basiri Iman Al , Rose Stephen J , Mason Avril , Bint Susan , Ahn Joo Wook , Hwa Vivian , Metherell Louise A , Moore Gudrun E , Storr Helen L
Published: September 2020

Objective

Copy number variation (CNV) has been associated with idiopathic short stature, small for gestational age and Silver-Russell syndrome (SRS). It has not been extensively investigated in growth hormone insensitivity (GHI; short stature, IGF-1 deficiency and normal/high GH) or previously in IGF-1 insensitivity (short stature, high/normal GH and IGF-1).

Design and methods

Array comparative genomic hybridisation was performed with ~60 000 probe oligonucleotide array in GHI (n = 53) and IGF-1 insensitivity (n = 10) subjects. Published literature, mouse models, DECIPHER CNV tracks, growth associated GWAS loci and pathway enrichment analyses were used to identify key biological pathways/novel candidate growth genes within the CNV regions.

Results

Both cohorts were enriched for class 3–5 CNVs (7/53 (13%) GHI and 3/10 (30%) IGF-1 insensitivity patients). Interestingly, 6/10 (60%) CNV subjects had diagnostic/associated clinical features of SRS. 5/10 subjects (50%) had CNVs previously reported in suspected SRS: 1q21 (n = 2), 12q14 (n = 1) deletions and Xp22 (n = 1), Xq26 (n = 1) duplications. A novel 15q11 deletion, previously associated with growth failure but not SRS/GHI was identified. Bioinformatic analysis identified 45 novel candidate growth genes, 15 being associated with growth in GWAS. The WNT canonical pathway was enriched in the GHI cohort and CLOCK was identified as an upstream regulator in the IGF-1 insensitivity cohorts.

Conclusions

Our cohort was enriched for low frequency CNVs. Our study emphasises the importance of CNV testing in GHI and IGF-1 insensitivity patients, particularly GHI subjects with SRS features. Functional experimental evidence is now required to validate the novel candidate growth genes, interactions and biological pathways identified.
Potential sustainable biomaterials derived from cover crops
Authors: Shahi Naresh , Joshi Gautam , Min Byungjin
Published: September 2020

Plant-derived biopolymers are renewable and readily available, thus making viable alternatives to synthetic polymers. The present study examined properties of biopolymers from cover crops such as rye, oat, clover, vetch, and barley, which were grown organically in a greenhouse. The yields of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin of the cover crops were calculated based on the dry weight. Structural variations and thermal properties of the isolated cellulose were characterized and compared with commercial cellulose using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The average yield percentages of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin were 19 to 27%, 9 to 25%, and 1.42 to 4.86%, respectively. The FTIR and Raman spectral analysis indicated that the isolated cellulose had similar peaks and patterns to commercial cellulose, and confirmed the removal of non-cellulosic constituents. The onset decomposition temperature occurred at 270 °C in all samples. Interestingly, the maximum degradation temperature beyond 370 °C in cellulose was isolated from black oat, which was higher than commercial cellulose (350 °C). The findings of this research suggest that cellulose isolated from cover crops may be a benefit to the polymer industry in the development of bio-based materials such as biofuels, bio-composites, and biomedical devices.
Chemical investigation of wood tree species in a temperate forest east-northern Romania
Authors: Bodirlau Ruxanda , Spiridon Iuliana , Teaca Carmen Alice
Published: September 2020

A quantitative evaluation of wood chemical components for some tree species in a forest area from east-northern Romania is presented here, through a comparative study from 1964 to 2000. Investigation upon the wood tree-rings in a Quercus robur L. tree species, as a dominant species, as regards its chemical composition and structure of the natural polymer constituents - cellulose and lignin - was also performed through chemical methods to separate the main wood components, FT-IR spectroscopy, and thermogravimetry. Having in view the impact of climate and external factors (such as pollutant depositions), some possible correlations between wood chemical composition and its further use can be made. The FT-IR spectra give evidence of differences in the frequency domains of 3400-2900 cm-1 and 1730-1640 cm-1, due to some interactions between the chemical groups (OH, C=O). The crystallinity index of cellulose presents variations in the oak wood tree-rings. Thermogravimetry analyses show different behaviour of cellulose at thermal decomposition, as a function of radial growth and tree’s height. A preliminary chemical investigation of oak wood sawdust shows a relatively high content of mineral elements (ash), compared with a previous study performed in 1964, fact that may indicate an intense drying process of the oak tree, a general phenomenon present in European forests for this species.
Flax shive as a source of activated carbon for metals remediation
Authors: Marshall Wayne E. , Wartelle Lynda H. , Akin Danny E.
Published: September 2020

Flax shive constitutes about 70% of the flax stem and has limited use. Because shive is a lignocellulosic by-product, it can potentially be pyrolyzed and activated to produce an activated carbon. The objective of this study was to create an activated carbon from flax shive by chemical activation in order to achieve significant binding of selected divalent cations (cadmium, calcium, copper, magnesium, nickel, zinc). Shive carbons activated by exposure to phosphoric acid and com-pressed air showed greater binding of cadmium, copper, nickel or zinc than a sulfuric acid-activated flax shive carbon reported in the literature and a commercial, wood-based carbon. Uptake of calcium from a drinking water sample by the shive carbon was similar to commercial drinking water filters that contained cation exchange resins. Magnesium removal by the shive carbon was greater than a commercial drinking water filtration carbon but less than for filters containing cation exchange resins. The results indicate that chemically activated flax shive carbon shows considerable promise as a component in industrial and residential water filtration systems for removal of divalent cations.
Basic Economic Analysis for Sonochemical Processes
Authors: Carlo Pirola
Published: September 2020

Ultrasound (US) and other non-traditional energy sources (for instance microwave (MW)) are widely used to increase the rate of chemical reactions, to prepare nanoparticles, to extract natural products etc. In all such cases, the scaling-up of the process must have a defined economic constraint, which generally can be reduced to the evaluation of the parameter RC, which is the ratio between the raw energy cost to produce US (or MW) and the total production cost for unit mass of product. The paper gives a basic correlation among the different parameters to evaluate RC both for processes using only US (or MW and other not traditional sources) and those with mixed energy sources.
Early Hypoxic Respiratory Failure in Extreme Prematurity: Mortality and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes
Authors: Chandrasekharan Praveen , Lakshminrusimha Satyan , Chowdhury Dhuly , Van Meurs Krisa , Keszler Martin , Kirpalani Haresh , Das Abhik , Walsh Michele C. , McGowan Elisabeth C. , Higgins Rosemary D. ,   NRN STEERING COMMITTEE
Published: September 2020

OBJECTIVES:

To evaluate the survival and neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI) in extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants at 18 to 26 months with early hypoxemic respiratory failure (HRF). We also assessed whether African American infants with early HRF had improved outcomes after exposure to inhaled nitric oxide (iNO).

METHODS:

ELBW infants ≤1000 g and gestational age ≤26 weeks with maximal oxygen ≥60% on either day 1 or day 3 were labeled as “early HRF” and born between 2007 and 2015 in the Neonatal Research Network were included. Using a propensity score regression model, we analyzed outcomes and effects of exposure to iNO overall and separately by race.

RESULTS:

Among 7639 ELBW infants born ≤26 weeks, 22.7% had early HRF. Early HRF was associated with a mortality of 51.3%. The incidence of moderate-severe NDI among survivors was 41.2% at 18 to 26 months. Mortality among infants treated with iNO was 59.4%. Female sex (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 2.4, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.8–3.3), birth weight ≥720 g (aOR: 2.3, 95% CI: 1.7–3.1) and complete course of antenatal steroids (aOR: 1.6, 95% CI: 1.1–2.2) were associated with intact survival. African American infants had a similar incidence of early HRF (21.7% vs 23.3%) but lower exposure to iNO (16.4% vs 21.6%). Among infants with HRF exposed to iNO, intact survival (no death or NDI) was not significantly different between African American and other races (aOR: 1.5, 95% CI: 0.6–3.6).

CONCLUSIONS:

Early HRF in infants ≤26 weeks’ gestation is associated with high mortality and NDI at 18 to 26 months. Use of iNO did not decrease mortality or NDI. Outcomes following iNO exposure were not different in African American infants.
Juventudes, participação e políticas públicas
Authors: Koerich Bruna Rossi , Ribeiro Fernanda Bittencourt , Prates Ane Briscke
Published: September 2020

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Entre rupturas e continuidades: percurso da legislação para adolescentes e jovens no Brasil
Authors: Koerich Bruna Rossi , Vidal Alex da Silva
Published: September 2020

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar quais as concepções de infância, adolescência e juventude orientaram a execução de políticas e ações públicas em diferentes momentos históricos do país. Para isso, analisaremos os principais marcos legais voltadas à essas parcelas da população. A análise do percurso histórico apontou para a permanência de discursos de intervenção estatal sobre a juventude vinculado á lógica da assistência social, uma constante em diferentes momentos históricos. Foi possível constatar, também, que o deslocamento dessa população enquanto problema social para a compreensão de crianças e adolescentes como sujeitos de direitos vem acompanhada de uma inscrição de ações na assistência social, sobretudo no tocante à execução das medidas socioeducativas, gerando confusões entre a garantia de direitos fundamentais e processos de responsabilização.
First record of Eumastacidae in Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil (Orthoptera, Caelifera)
Authors: da Silva Olivier Renan , Siqueira Adriano M. , Lima João M.V. , Souza Dias Pedro G.B.
Published: September 2020

Eutemnomastax Descamps, 1979 comprises four species and occurs in the states of Espírito Santo, Bahia, Minas Gerais, and Pernambuco. Eutemnomastax burri Descamps, 1982 is recorded for Bahia and Espírito Santo. Herein, we provide the first record of E. burri since its original description, and the first record of the genus and the family Eumastacidae from the state of Rio de Janeiro. We also provide photographs of primary types of E. burri that were destroyed in the fire at the Museu Nacional, and a distribution map for Eutemnomastax species.
Incompatibilities Between Iterated and Relevance-Sensitive Belief Revision
Authors: Aravanis Theofanis , Peppas Pavlos , Williams Mary-Anne
Published: September 2020

The AGM paradigm for belief change, as originally introduced by Alchourron, Gärdenfors and Makinson, lacks any guidelines for the process of iterated revision. One of the most influential work addressing this problem is Darwiche and Pearl's approach (DP approach, for short), which, despite its well-documented shortcomings, remains to this date the most dominant. In this article, we make further observations on the DP approach. In particular, we prove that the DP postulates are, in a strong sense, inconsistent with Parikh's relevance-sensitive axiom (P), extending previous initial conflicts. Immediate consequences of this result are that an entire class of intuitive revision operators, which includes Dalal's operator, violates the DP postulates, as well as that the Independence postulate and Spohn's conditionalization are inconsistent with axiom (P). The whole study, essentially, indicates that two fundamental aspects of the revision process, namely, iteration and relevance, are in deep conflict, and opens the discussion for a potential reconciliation towards a comprehensive formal framework for knowledge dynamics.
Causas modales de la educación
Authors: Solís Sotomayor Luis Xavier
Published: September 2020

An ontological trip is realized on the fact of four causes of the education, to give an answer to the purpose of the educational chore. This projects us to look for the real lineaments on the anthropological aspect and óntico of the education as full extract of acting of the human being and its fact of transcendency in the world.
La educación, crisis paradigmática y sus mediaciones
Authors: Pupo Pupo Rigoberto
Published: September 2020

The essential purpose that channels this paper is to look deep into hermeneutics of the current state of education and propose a possible way to reverse the paradigmatic crisis in which it is bound.
German Veterans of the Spanish Civil War and the Struggle for Recognition in West Germany
Authors: Stalnaker Dustin
Published: September 2020

This paper challenges the recognition paradigm through a historical case study that shows recognition struggles to be ideologically embedded and their success subordinated to, and thus contingent upon, the political priorities     of recognition-granting authorities. To this end, the paper explores how Cold War ideological considerations shaped the ways in which the West German state processed recognition claims made upon it by two distinct groups of German veterans of the Spanish Civil War: German antifascists who fought as non-state actors in defense of the Spanish Republic and other Germans who fought in support of the Nationalist rebels at the behest of the National Socialist regime. Showing that the West German state’s ostensible commitment to recognition of historical injustice in connection with the National Socialist past was subordinated to the aim of self-legitimation in the Cold War present, the paper calls for a broader sociopolitical contextualization of recognition struggles.
The Meaning of Occupation
Authors: Romsics Gergely
Published: September 2020

The paper analyzes the mnemonic and political context of the occupation of the Roma Holocaust memorial in Berlin in May 2016, carried out by groups demanding the right to remain in the country for non-citizen Roma. Observing the actor strategies apparent in this event, as well as the governmental logics organizing memorialization, it argues that the pervasive contemporary phenomenon of ‘politics of recognition’ needs to be interpreted as a providing merely a frame for struggles for political agency. Normative symbolic clashes taking place in this frame require a more fine-grained analysis to establish whether certain mnemonic practices inhibit or empower the social groups they reference. The concepts the paper advances as better explaining the outcome of memory struggles are referentiality and productivity. These signify attempts to (re)organize the semantic spaces of memory, and, if successful, allow for political agency to operate in the reconstituted mnemonic landscape. Governmentalities, however, will frequently attempt to deny such reconstitutions of ‘settled’ memory, in which case any politics of recognition remains a hollow shell without the potential to re-orient societal and political practices in the present. In the case of the occupation, the memory conflict highlighted how the past may be use to challenge accepted boundaries and the practice of boundary-making in society, while also highlighting the importance of social and political coalitions to advance change.
Beyond Recognition
Authors: Zombory Máté
Published: September 2020

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Understanding Social Exclusion through Minimum Income Recipients’ Living Conditions
Authors: Martinez Virto Lucia , Perez Eransus Begoña
Published: September 2020

There is a long academic and institutional trajectory that understands social exclusion as an accumulation of barriers that hinder social participation. However, stereotypes about misuse and dependency on social benefits continue to be widespread in society. Fighting poverty is the first objective of sustainable development and the UN’s 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Commitment is needed from institutions to disseminate real information about people living in exclusion. This study of the living conditions of Minimum Income recipients in Navarre (Spain) shows that households that stay longer in the scheme encounter serious obstacles accessing employment, including unrecognized physical and mental illnesses, are required to care for dependents, or have weak job skills. The related study was conducted through a database analysis of 14,000 benefit recipients and in-depth interviews with 20 recipients. The results show that inclusion through work continues to play a central role in the fight against social exclusion. However, this remains a difficult goal to achieve for many recipients, and employment does not always guarantee social inclusion due to harsh conditions and low salaries. This article recognizes the inclusive potential of economic benefits, since they prevent the deterioration of living conditions and favor social participation. Finally, it suggests a new institutional strategy based on two activities: designing inclusion-based activities around the real needs of poor people, and promoting the commitment of all actors and agents in society in the fight against poverty.
Perceived Incentives and Barriers to Social Participation
Authors: Mikulioniene Sarmite , Rapolienė Gražina
Published: September 2020

Social (non)participation is one of the key elements associated with social exclusion in old age. Scholarship about this topic tends to rely mainly on quantitative research from Western and Northern European countries. The aim of this article, based on qualitative interviews with older people (N=27) in Lithuania, is to give some insight into how older people in an Eastern European country experience social participation, and the reasons they offer for abstaining from engaging in it. Findings are contradictory: social participation is valued by older people for both direct and indirect reasons (e.g. a desire to simply be among people), but they hesitate to participate for a variety of reasons. The article contributes to the academic discussion by providing insights into older people’s perspectives about social participation, their preferences, and, in particular, the backdrop that particular organizations (such as the church) can play in promoting social participation and consequently strengthening the social inclusion of older adults in post-communist countries.
Karin Wahl-Jorgensen (2019) Emotions, Media and Politics. Cambridge: Polity Press. 220 pages.
Authors: Kovács Beáta
Published: September 2020

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COVID Airway Processing for scRNAseq v1
Authors: Szabo Peter , Wells Steven , A. Sims Peter , Farber Donna
Published: September 2020

This protocol describes the isolation of lymphocytes and pan-mononuclear cells from airway samples.
Cape Vulture (Gyps coprotheres) Breeding Monitoring Protocol v1
Authors: Wolter Kerri
Published: September 2020

The Cape Vulture (Gyps coprotheres) is southern Africa’s only endemic vulture species and is listed as Endangered by the IUCN 2015. More recently, the Cape Vulture has been classified as an appendix CITIES I species. Notwithstanding it being the most studied vulture in southern Africa and being the central focus of vulture conservation in southern Africa, it has shown a consistent and continued decline with range contraction. This protocol sets out in a simple and step-by-step programme to initiate and maintain a breeding monitoring programme for cliff nesting vultures. It is important to keep a consistent approach to monitoring so population trends can be monitored over time, results analysed and sound conservation strategies put in place to halt and reverse declines.
Absicherung von industriellen Steuerungen gegen fortschrittliche Cyberangriffe
Authors: Erdrich Andreas , Biß Klaus , Wiesner Jens
Published: September 2020

Der vorliegende Beitrag beschreibt die Möglichkeiten zur Absicherung einer industriellen Steuerungsanlage gegen fortschrittliche Cyberangriffe. Mit Consequence-driven Cyber-informed Engineering wurde ein von den Idaho National Labs entwickeltes Verfahren zur Beurteilung und Abwehr von Angriffen in einer realen Testanlage angewandt.
Ein Assistenzsystem zur automatischen Komposition und Konfiguration von Co-Simulationen
Authors: Härle Christian , Barth Mike , Fay Alexander
Published: September 2020

Simulation spielt eine wesentliche Rolle im modularen Maschinen- und Anlagenbau. Die hierfür notwendigen Modelle werden, wie auch die realen Module, von unterschiedlichen Herstellern oder  Unternehmensbereichen bereitgestellt. Gerade in der Virtuellen Inbetriebnahme, aber auch in der betriebsparallelen Simulation müssen daher zahlreiche Modulmodelle von unterschiedlichen Quellen zusammengetragen, gekoppelt und ggf. aktualisiert werden. Der vorliegende Beitrag stellt ein Konzeptzur Verringerung der hiermit einhergehenden manuellen Tätigkeiten auf Basis eines agenten-basierten Assistenzsystems vor. Ziel ist es, die Simulationsmodelle mit geringstmöglichem Aufwand zu generieren, zu konfigurieren und betreiben zu können. In diesem Beitrag liegt der Fokus auf der Unterstützung der Inbetriebnahmephase.
Analysis of the non-stationary mathematical model of a simple hydraulic network with a centrifugal pump
Authors: Naumov V.A.
Published: September 2020

Simple hydraulic networks with a centrifugal pump are not only part of complex networks, but are also widely used in Autonomous water supply and Sewerage systems. The mathematical model of simple networks taking into account the variable level of liquid in reservoirs includes the well-known Bernoulli equation for non-stationary flows. Published works on this problem do not take into account the non-stationary nature of the flow due to the variable liquid level. The conditions for using the quasi-stationary model are not discussed. Similarity criteria for the issue were not found. The purpose of the study is to analyze the non-stationary mathematical model of the object, including the definition of criteria for similarity of the problem and their impact on the solution. The well-known equations of fluid quantity balance and Bernoulli for non-stationary flows with smoothly changing characteristics were used as a mathematical model of a simple hydraulic network. The pressure characteristic of a centrifugal pump is approximated by a well-established dependence in the form of a square three-member. The system of differential equations was reduced to a dimensionless form. Analytical and numerical methods were used to solve the problem. The analysis of the mathematical model of pumping liquid by a centrifugal pump in a hydraulic network with a variable level was carried out. The dimensionless form of the system of equations allowed us to determine three similarity criteria for the problem, including the analog of the Struhal number Str. The analytical solution to the Cauchy problem is found in the quasi-stationary formulation (Str = 0). The solution of the problem in the full statement is obtained by the numerical method. The results of the study of the influence of similarity criteria on the solution are presented. The dimensionless flow rate of the liquid decreases with increasing Str values. In this case, the maximum volume of liquid and the time to reach it increases. Increasing the values of the other two criteria leads to an increase in both the flow rate and the maximum volume of the liquid. The analytical solution in the quasi-rational formulation can be used only for Str < 0,1. The results obtained can be used in the design of Autonomous Water supply and Sewerage systems. Further research for the non-self-similar area of hydraulic resistance and for variable fluid viscosity is promising.
WAIVER OF HUMAN RIGHTS: A RIGHT OR A CHALLENGE?
Authors: Arakelyan Nelly
Published: September 2020

The author discusses the new tendencies of waiving human rights. In the article they are qualified as a new emerging institute of Human Rights Law. The definition of human rights waiver is discussed, as well as the necessity to give a legal regulation to it. The author presents the existing definitions of human rights waiver, but does not share any of them, particularly most of them define human rights waiver as not utilization of human rights, but the author calls this definition as a passive application of human rights, whilst waiver of human rights has its own content which is discussed in the article in details. Human rights waiver is discussed in the light of the co-relation of the right to autonomy and the principle of paternalism. The author presents some case law on waiver of human rights, which is very rare. Specifically, the author presents the case law of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Armenia and the case law of the European Court of Human Rights. The legal positions of the mentioned bodies can serve as good criteria in dealing with human rights waiver. Particularly, the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Armenia held a decision dedicated to this issue and qualified waiver of human rights as an exception from the classical perception of human rights ideology. The author agrees with idea reflected in decision of the Constitutional Court concerning the correlation of human rights waiver and right to autonomy, according to which right to autonomy cannot be absolute and that absolute waiver of human rights can, in its turn, violate the human rights. In this context the author highlights the necessity of defining the limits of human rights waiver offering two important directions for discussion of this question; the scope of the rights which can and cannot be waived, the framework and criteria of a waiver of human rights.
Core Competences of a Conference Interpreter
Authors: Olefir Hanna , Deineko Ivan , Deineko Iryna
Published: September 2020

Atthe international conference meeting, a conference interpreter plays a crucial role. He/she is not only a professional linguist, but also a communication expert, which is proved by research of G.Mounin, D.Seleskovitch,andM.Lederer.
The competences of a conference interpreter are a subject of key scientific discussion.By analysing of international stakeholders’ activities in the conference interpreting field, we provide a system approach to the profession standards, which can become a basis for the prospective national field standards.The AIIC was the first to elaborate the profession standards. An interpreter is supposed to master the necessary terminology, to understand implied intention and hidden senses.The ISO has already introduced several standards for interpreting.Separate standards were introduced for the interpreting itself, technical requirements of conference interpreting, legal interpreting, and community interpreting. In Germany, specific regulation of information protection and confidentiality has been recently introduced. Around the world, interpreters tend to self-organise in order to lobby professional interests and to guarantee proper quality of service.New technologies introduce changes to the interpreter profession.Nowadays, distant conference interpreting is available when an interpreter is not actually present in the meeting room.A conference interpreter has to undergo a process of selection, to be fluent in his/her working languages, and to possess a number of psychological, physical and personal qualities necessary for effective communication.
MARKED AND NON-MARKED ATTRIBUTE STRUCTURES WITHIN A SECONDARY PREDICATE IN THE FRENCH LANGUAGE
Authors:   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Zelena Iuliia
Published: September 2020

The article is devoted to the study of marked and unmarked attributive constructions, considering the influence of semantic transfer mechanisms, taking into account their productive potential. Structural and semantic characterization of types of attributive constructions is performed in light of two initial theories – in view of referent status and actual sentence fragmentation. An independent research of relations between predication manifestations and the semantic and syntactic structure of a sentence has been performed by determining the valence properties of attributive verbs. The distinction between different types of constructions with the attribute complement is described and it is specified that there is a direct correlation between the type of attributive sentences and the emergence of predicative relation. The article is dedicated to the analysis of modification of the information structure and the status of the referent in sentences containing attributive object. Given the types of interpretation of attributive sentences and, based on the results of contextual analysis, it became possible to prove that change of argumentative structure in verbal group gives a reason to treat attributive verb with elements SN2 and X as a predicative focus of the sentence and permit to consider it as the complex secondary predicate.
CRYPTOCURRENCY AS PART OF THE BANKRUPTCY ESTATE OF THE INSOLVENT DEBTOR
Authors: Shishmareva T. P.
Published: September 2020

The article analyzes the possibility of including one of the types of digital rights of cryptocurrency as a potential object of bankruptcy estate. It is concluded that it is possible to include cryptocurrency, which is stored in a cryptocurrency wallet in the electronic system into the bankruptcy estate up to its real value with which creditors’ claims can be satisfied. The problems arising in connection with the inclusion of cryptocurrency in the bankruptcy estate of the insolvent debtor associated with the anonymity of its ownership and the specifics of the foreclosure have been identified. The anonymity of the existence of cryptocurrency in the electronic system does not allow the inclusion of property in the bankruptcy estate without the assistance of the debtor. It is recognized that cryptocurrency cannot be traded via electronic auctions in bankruptcy proceedings due to its existence in the framework of a special information system and short time price volatility. A distinction between cryptocurrency and electronic money has been made.