bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gaia-DR2 Confirms VLBA Parallaxes in Ophiuchus, Serpens, and Aquila
Authors: Ortiz-León Gisela N. , Loinard Laurent , Dzib Sergio A. , Kounkel Marina , Galli Phillip A. B. , Tobin John J. , II Neal J. Evans , Hartmann Lee , Rodríguez Luis F. , Briceño Cesar , Torres Rosa M. , Mioduszewski Amy J.
Published: December 2018

We present Gaia-DR2 astrometry of a sample of YSO candidates in Ophiuchus, Serpens Main, and Serpens South/W40 in the Aquila Rift, which had been mainly identified by their infrared excess with Spitzer. We compare the Gaia-DR2 parallaxes against published and new parallaxes obtained from our Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) program Gould’s Belt Distances Survey. We obtain consistent results between Gaia and the VLBA for the mean parallaxes in each of the regions analyzed here. We see small offsets, when comparing mean values, of a few tens of microarcseconds in the parallaxes, which are either introduced by the Gaia zero-point error or due to a selection effect by Gaia toward the brightest, less obscured stars. Gaia-DR2 data alone conclusively places Serpens Main and Serpens South at the same distance, as we first inferred from VLBA data alone in a previous publication. Thus, Serpens Main, Serpens South, and W40 are all part of the same complex of molecular clouds, located at a mean distance of 436 ± 9 pc. In Ophiuchus, both Gaia and VLBA suggest a small parallax gradient across the cloud, and the distance changes from 144.2 ± 1.3 to 138.4 ± 2.6 pc when going from L1689 to L1688.
A new species of Lipogramma from deep reefs of Roatan, Honduras (Teleostei, Grammatidae)
Authors: Tornabene Luke , Robertson D. Ross , Baldwin Carole C.
Published: December 2018

A new species of Lipogramma is described from submersible collections at 122–165 m depth off the coast of Roatan, Honduras, in the western Caribbean. The new species is distinguished from all other species in the genus by its bright blue coloration on the head, nape, and dorsal portion of the trunk beneath the spinous dorsal fin, a prominent round black blotch below the origin of the spinous dorsal fin, and a high number of gill rakers. A molecular phylogeny based on mitochondrial and nuclear genes shows that the new species belongs to a clade containing L.levinsoni, L.regia, and L.anabantoides. At Roatan, submersible observations of this and other Lipogramma species indicate clear, interspecific habitat partitioning by depth and substrate.
Fermer Caen sous Henri IV et Louis XIII : les fortifications des Petits Prés
Authors: Faisant Étienne
Published: December 2018

Telle qu’elle avait été fortifiée au milieu du xiv e  siècle, Caen était formée de deux ensembles seulement reliés par un pont et entre lesquels s’avançait la prairie. La conservation de cette ville étant essentielle face à la Ligue, Henri IV ordonna en 1592 la construction de nouvelles défenses remédiant à cette faille qui la rendait particulièrement vulnérable. Le roi approuva un premier projet visant à construire une courtine et trois grands bastions pour mettre en sécurité son côté occidental. La décision des échevins de ne pas dépenser plus que les nouvelles recettes que leur avait accordées le souverain imposa toutefois de limiter les constructions, qui étaient loin d’être terminées lorsque survint la paix. Repris en 1608, les travaux se poursuivirent jusqu’en 1620, notamment sous l’impulsion du maréchal d’Ancre. Si le troisième bastion prévu fut très vite abandonné et si le projet initial fut modifié, fut ainsi élevé un grand ensemble bastionné dont subsistent quelques vestiges et qui a conditionné le développement ultérieur de la ville.
La lutte contre le duel en Normandie sous l’Ancien Régime
Authors: Ygouf Ivan
Published: December 2018

Le duel, à son apogée au xvii e  siècle, est la cible d’interdictions dès le règne d’Henri III. La province de Normandie le proscrit en 1583, néanmoins, les faits de duel sont rares dans les archives judiciaires : le parlement de Rouen comme les bailliages de son ressort n’en ont que rarement connaissance. Le duel n’est pourtant pas absent des écrits du for privé ou des interrogatoires relatifs au privilège de Saint-Romain, qui permettent d’entrevoir la difficulté à traiter judiciairement du duel, un crime aisé à maquiller et à taire. Coincée entre de fréquentes rémissions et des peines trop lourdes pour être appliquées, la répression du duel est vaine et peu dissuasive. Face à cette situation, la Normandie apparaît comme un des terreaux du mouvement abolitionniste : clercs et laïcs s’organisent pour faire cesser le duel du point d’honneur. Organisés en confréries, en mission dans toute la province, religieux et gentilshommes font jurer des serments anti-duel dans les campagnes. Ces initiatives essaiment ensuite dans le reste du royaume de manière réticulaire, autour des individus les plus impliqués dans la Réforme catholique au Grand Siècle, dont Gaston de Renty et Jean Eudes.
Évacuations et évacués dans l’Eure, 1938-1940
Authors: Catros Simon
Published: December 2018

Dans le cadre de l’organisation de l’évacuation des populations menacées en cas de guerre, le département de l’Eure fut désigné pour recueillir les populations originaires du xvi e  arrondissement de Paris. Dans un premier temps, la préfecture de l’Eure planifia l’accueil des évacués dans le département, en fixant notamment un quota d’évacués à accueillir dans chaque commune, se heurtant parfois à l’opposition de maires. Cette planification fut finalisée à l’été 1939, peu avant l’arrivée des premiers évacués. Plusieurs dizaines de milliers affluèrent dans l’Eure. Leur logement et leur ravitaillement, mais aussi leur prise en charge sanitaire et leur scolarisation, impliqua l’action de l’administration préfectorale et des municipalités, mais également des communautés habitantes et, parfois, de notables philanthropes et d’associations. Globalement, ces évacués furent bien accueillis, y compris les plus fragiles d’entre eux : les enfants évacués par les soins de l’administration.
Moby Dick et la Bible : naviguer sur l’abîme
Authors: Sonnet Jean-Pierre
Published: December 2018

À l’occasion du deuxième centenaire de la naissance de Herman Melville (1819-1891), la lecture ici proposée de Moby Dick entend manifester l’actualité de cette œuvre visionnaire. La densité dramatique et symbolique du roman de Melville provient en bonne partie de son dialogue avec les Écritures bibliques, et notamment celles du Premier Testament. En suivant à la trace les figures d’Ismaël, de Jonas, d’Achab, du Léviathan et de Rachel dans le drame raconté, les pages que voici reçoivent en Moby Dick comme une bouée de sauvetage pour le xxi e  siècle, nous permettant de naviguer sur l’abîme.
L’Église, communauté de mémoire
Authors: de Longcamp Gonzague
Published: December 2018

Le 4 e évangile permet de regarder l’Église comme communauté de mémoire. L’A. relève quelques éléments de la mémoire croyante dans le texte johannique avant de déployer deux outils d’analyse (les théories de la Social Memory et les réflexions de Joseph Ratzinger sur la tradition) pour comprendre comment l’acte de mémoire se découvre comme tradition, constitutive de la communauté ecclésiale.
A Study of Professional Nurses' Perceptions of Patient Education
Authors: Marcum Julie , Ridenour Maureen , Shaff Gaye , Hammons Mary , Taylor Monica
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT

Background: The purpose of this study was to describe the professional nurses' perception of the role of patient educator and to determine factors inhibiting and enhancing patient teaching.

Method: One hundred and twenty-four hospital-based, acute-care professional nurses were randomly selected from a State Board of Nursing list and surveyed by mail.

Results: Ninety-two percent of nurses reported that patient education was a priority in their nursing care. The top three factors inhibiting patient education were time, staffing, and receptiveness of the patient. The top three enhancers were providing more time to teach, providing inclusive teaching guidance sheets, and making resources more accessible.

Conclusion: Patient education is a valuable part of professional nurses' practice, but many factors impede this nursing function. Key recommendations to enhance patient teaching were suggested, including improving efficiencies in patient care, supporting the staff nurse educational role, and providing essential resources based on survey results.
A Facilitative Approach to Learning About Curriculum Development
Authors: Goldenberg Dolly , Andrusyszyn Mary-Anne , Iwasiw Carroll
Published: December 2018

Graduate students have high ambitions and desire excellence in their work. Creating learning opportunities that capture this drive and help them achieve and exceed their goals is a challenge for educators. This article describes two teaching approaches, group process and an adaptation of Bensusan’s escalator model, which were used in a graduate nursing course to help students learn about curriculum development. Students participated as a faculty group, submitting successive iterations of their work as they developed hypothetical curricula. Benefits students identified from course faculty’s critiques of their submissions included experiencing enhanced self-direction, self-esteem, and mutual respect among students and between students and course faculty, as well as authentic curriculum development in a safe, caring, and supportive context. This article discusses the strengths and limitations of this pragmatic and productive learning approach to preparing future nurse educators for their role as curriculum developers.
Lymphangioma of the Conjunctiva and Nasal Cavity in a Child Presenting With Diffuse Subconjunctival Hemorrhage and Nosebleeds
Authors: Quezada Ailsa A , Shields Carol L , Wagner Rudolph S , Demirci Hakan , Caputo Anthony R , Shields Jerry A
Published: December 2018

Abstract. A 4-year-old girl had extensive subconjunctival hemorrhage in the right eye. She had recurrent minor nosebleeds starting at 6 months. Visual acuity was 20/20. Anterior segment examination showed diffuse, blood-filled, multilobulated cystic channels in the conjunctiva. Bleeding resolved, leaving transparent cystic channels. Conjunctival lymphangioma can manifest as temporary Subconjunctival lymphangioma. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 2007;44:1 80-1 82.
Bilateral Exudative Retinal Detachment in a Child With Orbital Pseudotumor
Authors: Dey M , Situnayake D , Sgouros S , Stavrou P
Published: December 2018

Abstract. We describe a 15-year-old girl who presented with bilateral exudative retinal detachment, a previously unreported complication, due to orbital pseudotumor. She initially responded to steroids, but subsequently became steroid dependent. Azathioprine was effective in controlling further relapses during follow-up of 22 months. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 2007;44:183186.
Ocular Presentation of Pediatric Miller–Fisher Syndrome
Authors: Wertheim Michael S. , Benzimra James D. , Jadresic Lyda P. , Ferris John D.
Published: December 2018

The authors describe a case of Miller–Fisher syndrome in a child who presented to the ophthalmology department with bilateral abducens nerve palsies. Miller–Fisher syndrome is an important differential diagnosis in any case of bilateral sixth nerve palsies but should only be definitively diagnosed once tumors, infections, and other neurological diseases have been conclusively ruled out.
How Are Drugs Approved?: Part 3. The Stages of Drug Development
Authors: Howland Robert H.
Published: December 2018

The first article of this series on the drug development process described the historical evolution of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and last month's article reviewed the ethical foundations of clinical research. Before a new drug is marketed, a sequence of preclinical investigations and three phases of clinical studies are conducted. This drug development process involves the FDA, pharmaceutical companies (sponsors), clinical investigators, and institutional review boards. This article further describes this aspect of the drug development process.
A Quality of Life Comparison of People Wearing Spectacles or Contact Lenses or Having Undergone Refractive Surgery
Authors: Pesudovs Konrad , Garamendi Estibaliz , Elliott David B
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To demonstrate the use of the Quality of Life Impact of Refractive Correction (QIRC) questionnaire for comparing the quality of life of pre-presbyopic individuals with refractive correction by spectacles, contact lenses, or refractive surgery.

METHODS: The 20-item QIRC questionnaire was administered to 104 spectacle wearers, 104 contact lens wearers, and 104 individuals who had undergone refractive surgery (N =312). These groups were similar for gender, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and refractive error. The main outcome measure was QIRC overall score (scaled from 0 to 100), a measure of refractive correction related quality of life. Groups were compared for overall QIRC score and on each question by analysis of variance, adjusted for age, with post hoc significance testing (Sheffé).

RESULTS: On average, refractive surgery patients scored significantly better (mean QIRC score 50.2±6.3, F2309= 15. 18, P<.001) than contact lens wearers (46.7 ±5.5, post hoc P<.001) who were in turn significantly better than spectacle wearers (44.1 ±5. 9, post hoc P<.01). Convenience questions chiefly drove the differences between groups, although functioning, symptoms, economic concerns, heath concerns, and well being were also important. Spectacle wearers with low strength prescriptions (46. 18 ±5. 05) scored significantly better than those with medium strength prescriptions (42.74±6.08, F2 190=3.66, P<.05, post hoc P<.05). A small number (n=7, 6.7%) of refractive surgery patients experienced postoperative complications, which impacted quality of life (37.86±2.13).

CONCLUSIONS: Quality of life was lowest in spectacle wearers, particularly those with higher corrections. Contact lens wearers had significantly better QIRC score than spectacle wearers. Refractive surgery patients scored significantly better than both. However, this was accompanied by a small risk of poor quality of life due to postoperative complications. The QIRC is an effective outcome measure for quality of life impact of refractive correction. [J Refract Surg. 2006;22:19-27.]
Structural Integrity of Individual Cone Photoreceptors After Short-Wavelength Subthreshold Micropulse Laser Therapy for Diabetic Macular Edema
Authors: Wells-Gray Elaine M. , Doble Nathan , Ohr Matthew P. , Choi Stacey S.
Published: December 2018

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:

Subthreshold micropulse laser (SML) treatment at 577 nm has been proposed as a safe and efficacious therapy for diabetic macular edema (DME). The study objective was to evaluate the integrity of individual cone photoreceptors after SML treatment using high-resolution retinal imaging.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

An observational cohort study of four subjects with DME treated using SML was followed over time. Cone inner and outer segment lengths and total retinal thicknesses (TRT) were measured as the edema resolved. The primary outcome was the detection of any laser-induced photoreceptor damage / change following the SML treatment using adaptive optics imaging.

RESULTS:

Individual cones observed pre-treatment remained visible, whereas cones that were initially obscured by the DME became more discernable after the treatment. TRT showed statistically significant thinning in half of the subjects. One subject showed no significant change, whereas another showed a statistically significant increase in TRT despite the treatment. No subject was found to have photoreceptor damage following treatment.

CONCLUSIONS:

SML at 577 nm did not result in measurable structural damage to the underlying photoreceptor layer, supporting previous work that SML is a safe alternative for treating DME.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2018;49:946–954.]
OCTA Imaging of Choroidal Neovascularization Treated Using Photodynamic Therapy in a Young Patient With Best Macular Dystrophy
Authors: Murro Vittoria , Mucciolo Dario Pasquale , Giorgio Dario , Sodi Andrea , Passerini Ilaria , Virgili Gianni , Rizzo Stanislao
Published: December 2018

This study reports the onset of a choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in a young patient affected with Best macular dystrophy (BMD) using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and describes its changes after photodynamic therapy (PDT). In the patient's right eye (OD), OCTA scans demonstrated a large, tangled, and well-demarcated vascular network at the outer retinal (OR) and choriocapillaris (CC) layers. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 20/40 OD. Twenty days after PDT, BCVA OD improved (20/30), and the macular hemorrhage was significantly reduced. OCTA showed regression of the vascular network both in the OR and CC layers, with a significant reduction of the internal anastomosis and connection in absence of ischemic complication at the choriocapillaris. The authors concluded that OCTA is the best imaging technique for precise diagnosis and follow-up of the choroidal neovascularization in children affected with BMD.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina.
2018;49:969–973.]
Updated Cost-Effectiveness of Intravitreal Ocriplasmin for Vitreomacular Adhesion and Macular Hole
Authors: Waseem Tayab , Reinhart Colin , Wagner Alan L. , Kapoor Kapil G.
Published: December 2018

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:

The purpose of this study is to provide an updated assessment of cost-efficacy of intravitreal ocriplasmin (IVO) for vitreomacular adhesion (VMA) and macular holes (MH).

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

This was a single-center, multiple-physician, institutional review board-approved, retrospective, 15-month cost-effectiveness analysis study (January 2015 to April 2016). Clinical charts and billing records of 247 patients with VMA and MH were reviewed. Patients were divided into group 1 (VMA and MH treated by pars plana vitrectomy [PPV]), group 2 (VMA and MH treated by IVO), and group 3 (VMA treated by IVO). Success rates of interventions in each group were compared, including cost-effectiveness, cost per line-year, and cost per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY).

RESULTS:

Success rates for initial intervention were 98% in group 1, 55.6% in group 2, and 67.7% in group 3. Cost of PPV at our institution was $6,538.00 and cost of IVO (2016) was $3,480.00. Using a cohort-based computer Markov model, the treatment decision tree demonstrated group 1 was less cost-effective, with cost per line of $2,654.39, cost per line-year saved of $185.62, and cost per QALY of $6,187.00. Group 2 was cost-effective with cost per line of $2,456.25, cost per line-year saved of $171.77, and cost per QALY of $5,726.00. The difference in cost-effectiveness showed IVO was more cost-effective than PPV, with a difference in cost per line of $198.14, cost per line-year saved of $13.85, and cost per QALY of $461.00.

CONCLUSIONS:

IVO is a more cost-effective intervention than vitrectomy for the treatment of VMA and MH in the setting of judicious use in appropriate patients. The success rate of IVO in our patient population was greater than currently published rates and most certainly impacted probability of cost-efficacy. Further research targeting optimizing IVO success rate is needed.

[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina.
2018;49:e240–e248.]
Characteristics of Polypoidal Choroidal Vasculopathy Evaluated by Multispectral Imaging
Authors: Zhang Jie , Yan Yan , Yu Zikui , Liu Lin
Published: December 2018

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:

To analyze the morphological and pathological characteristics of polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) on multispectral imaging (MSI).

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

This prospective study included patients with a clinical diagnosis of treatment-naive PCV. All patients underwent a complete ophthalmological examination including fundus photography, fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA), indocyanine green angiography (ICGA), optical coherence tomography (OCT), and MSI. MSI was obtained by digital multispectral ophthalmoscope, which allows the visualization of retinal and choroidal structures progressively. The characteristics of PCV on MSI were analyzed and compared with ICGA.

RESULTS:

Sixteen eyes of 14 patients (mean age 60.9 years ± 9.2 years; 11 male and three female) were included for analysis. Polypoidal lesions were detected in 15 eyes (93.8%) by MSI with nodular or nebulous hyperreflectance on choroidal oxy-deoxy map. MSI was able to reveal all the branching vascular networks (BVNs) detected by ICGA. Retinal pigment epithelial atrophy with melanin stacking was found with MSI infrared wavelengths around pigment epithelial detachment (PED) and in areas above the BVNs in 13 eyes (81.3%). The sensitivity and specificity of MSI were 93.8% and 100%, respectively, for identifying typical PCV with both BVN and polypoidal lesions.

CONCLUSION:

MSI appears to be a promising modality for detecting noninvasively the vascular and structural changes in PCV, especially for BVN. MSI may also be used to monitor the metabolic and functional changes of retinal pigment epithelium secondary to polypoidal lesions.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina.
2018;49:e249–e255.]
The Scientific Production of the Moroccan Researchers in Computer Science from 2007 to 2016: Analysis and Assessment
Authors: Rhassate Imane , Amrous Naila , Bennani Samir
Published: December 2018

The main purpose of this research is to examine the state of scientific research in the field of Computer Science in Morocco during the last decade and compare the scientific production in this field among the 3 North African countries.

Based on a bibliometric study - carried out by searching the Scopus database with a combined search strategy based on the keywords listed - and on an analysis of the data collected, this study evaluated the number of publications, co-authorship and scientific collaboration networks locally in Morocco and regionally with Algeria and Tunisia.

There is a lack of communication and collaboration between universities in neighboring countries or sometimes between the universities of the same country.

Finally, for conclude, our study presents recommendations for improving the visibility and ranking of the Moroccan university and the Moroccan researcher within its global scientific community.
Securing Cloud Data using RSA Algorithm
Authors: Hussain Md Equebal , Hussain Mohammad Rashid
Published: December 2018

security is one of the most important concern on cloud computing therefore institutions are hesitating to host their data over cloud. Not all data can be afforded to move on the cloud (example accounts data). The main purpose of moving data over cloud is to reduce cost (infrastructure and maintenance), faster performance, easy upgrade, storage capacity but at the same time security is major concern because cloud is not private but maintained by third party over the internet, security issues like privacy, confidentiality, authorization (what you are allowed to do), authentication (who you are) and accounting (what you actually do) will be encountered. Variety of encryption algorithms required for higher level of security. In this paper we try to provide solution for better security by proposing a combined method of key exchange algorithm with encryption technique. Data stored in cloud can be protected from hackers using proposed solution because even if transmitted key is hacked of no use without user’s private key.
Deux carnets et une orthographe : genèse, publication et lecture de William Shakespeare
Authors: Rosa Guy
Published: December 2018

L’édition de référence de William Shakespeare, en 1937, augmenta l’œuvre de 1864 de nombreux inédits, certains longs et importants, donnés pour « chapitres » détachés par Hugo du manuscrit. Elle suggérait ainsi une genèse par assemblage, en vue de la publication, de « panneaux » à l’origine indépendants les uns des autres. William Shakespeare fut dès lors considéré comme « somme » philosophique relevant de l’histoire des idées. Deux carnets et une variante orthographique du manuscrit (Shakspeare/Shakespeare) infirment cette hypothèse, déplacent de plus d’un semestre le début de la rédaction, montrent une genèse comparable à celle des trois recueils poétiques précédents, permettent la reconstitution d’un noyau initial entièrement rédigé à la fin du printemps 1863, et conduisent à une autre lecture. Celle d’une représentation unifiée des activités de l’esprit telles qu’elles s’exercent dans la double situation humaine, permanente entre la nature et Dieu et progressive dans l’histoire.
En marchant, en dessinant
Authors: Gleizes Delphine
Published: December 2018

La marche porte Victor Hugo bien au-delà de l’exercice romantique du Voyage pittoresque, même si récits de voyage et carnets hugoliens souscrivent souvent aux codes du genre. La marche apparaît comme l’élément dynamique d’une genèse dont le pas du marcheur, dans son amplitude, serait comme le principe inchoatif. Constitutive d’un rapport au monde, elle est pour Hugo parcours sensible et effort spirituel ; elle confère à la main qui écrit, mais aussi à la main qui dessine une charge cinétique dont cet article tente de cerner les différentes valeurs et variations. Cependant, si le dessin peut traduire la présence d’un corps en mouvement ainsi que la façon dont le visible a d’ores et déjà été configuré par l’expérience de la marche, il trahit aussi parfois la façon dont ce même corps s’absente, question avivée encore par l’expérience de l’exil.
Pour une étude génétique du Livre des tables : les révélations du manuscrit Durrieu
Authors: Fizaine Jean-Claude
Published: December 2018

Sur les quatre cahiers manuscrits où étaient enregistrés les textes issus des séances dites spirites tenues par la famille de Victor Hugo lors de son séjour à Jersey, de septembre 1853 à octobre 1855, trois ont été édités, sans résoudre toutes les énigmes que présente cet épisode de la vie du poète. Le manuscrit conservé dans les archives de Xavier Durrieu, récemment déchiffré par Jean-Claude Fizaine, apporte un éclairage neuf et décisif sur les premières séances, du 1er octobre au 11 décembre 1853, dont les originaux des procès-verbaux manuscrits n’ont toujours pas reparu. Il met fin aux doutes quelquefois émis sur l’authenticité de certaines séances et permet, en révélant l’existence de variantes, d’améliorer l’établissement du texte. Il éclaire enfin les procédures selon lesquelles était élaboré le compte rendu des séances, que Victor Hugo avait conservé en vue d’une publication posthume.
Les copeaux de Victor Hugo
Authors: Hovasse Jean-Marc
Published: December 2018

Les copeaux sont un type de fragments associés depuis près de deux siècles à Victor Hugo, qui se distinguent par quelques traits caractéristiques : ils sont brefs, hétérogènes tant par leurs supports que par leurs contenus, difficiles à déchiffrer. L’auteur, qui avait lui-même adopté cette métaphore, en faisait une grande consommation, les rayait une fois qu’il les avait utilisés, et s’en débarrassait le plus souvent. Ils représentent donc en quelque sorte une étape connue, notamment par des témoignages diffusés de son vivant, mais le plus souvent effacée du processus génétique. Comme leur statut exact reste flottant, le meilleur moyen de comprendre leur fonctionnement est de tenter d’en suivre un, qui a échappé à la destruction, de sa naissance jusqu’à sa mort. Il appartient au grand discours sur l’amnistie au Sénat du 22 mai 1876, dont il préfigure sans doute une fin envisagée.
« Je donne tous mes manuscrits… »
Authors: Biasi Pierre-Marc de
Published: December 2018

Dans le fameux codicille de 1881 à son testament, Victor Hugo donne « tout ce qui sera trouvé écrit ou dessiné » par lui à la Bibliothèque nationale. Ce geste est fondateur au sens plein, puisqu’il aura pour conséquence directe la création du département des Manuscrits modernes, et pour conséquence indirecte l’existence même de la critique génétique. Mais il est aussi le fruit d’une longue évolution, qui fait de ses manuscrits, dans l’esprit de Victor Hugo, un trésor à préserver au même titre que les monuments historiques. Ce corpus disponible et protégé, appelé à lui survivre, forme pour ainsi dire la forme glorieuse de son corps biologique et périssable. S’il a si patiemment construit, contre vents et marées, l’édifice symbolique d’une œuvre restituée dans son authenticité autographe, c’est pour le léguer intact à la postérité, avec tous ses inédits, comme une provision de sens donnant accès non seulement aux textes mais à l’écriture même.
Érasme : écrire au milieu des presses
Authors: Vanautgaerden Alexandre
Published: December 2018

Cet article décrit la façon dont Érasme (1467-1536) travaille en collaboration avec les érudits et imprimeurs de son temps, la typologie de ses manuscrits, et ses modes d’écriture. L’humaniste innove dans sa façon de travailler au sein des presses, secondé par une équipe de correcteurs érudits. Il n’hésite pas à modifier ses textes pendant qu’ils s’impriment, d’abord à Venise chez Alde Manuce (1508), puis à Bâle dans l’atelier de Johann Froben (1514-1536). Rédigé seul, ou à plusieurs, annotant des épreuves, ses manuscrits reflètent les différentes étapes de ces collaborations. Il a tiré parti de l’avantage de rassembler en un seul lieu un atelier d’imprimeur, une académie savante et une bibliothèque. Érasme a été très dépendant du réseau de diffusion des foires du livre, produisant à la demande un grand nombre de manuscrits pour alimenter les six presses de Johann Froben, sur lesquelles s’imprimaient simultanément plusieurs de ses ouvrages.
Malaysia Baru : réaménager la nouvelle dépendance du capitalisme malaisien à la Chine
Authors: Micheaux Elsa Lafaye de
Published: December 2018

À la suite des élections du 9 mai 2018, la Fédération de Malaisie est entrée dans une nouvelle ère, dite Malaysia Baru. Inattendu et historique, ce renversement guidé par le très vieux leader Mahathir Mohamad ouvre la voie à une reprise en main de la souveraineté du pays, face à la Chine. Sous le précédent Premier ministre Najib Razak, la Chine, nouveau centre de gravité de l’Asie orientale s’était rapprochée de la Malaisie sur tous les plans au risque d’une dépendance accrue, accompagnée de corruption et d’un fort endettement public, sans pour autant en altérer les cohérences institutionnelles. Nous proposons, dans ce texte basé sur une enquête de terrain auprès des principales administrations économiques, une chronique des premières réformes en mettant l’accent sur les mesures prises vis-à-vis de la Chine. Il apparaît que la coopération entre les deux pays se reconfigure rapidement, mais non dans le sens d’une rupture : la relation s’approfondit dans le cadre d’une dépendance aménagée et consentie à la Chine, tandis que c’est le régime d’accumulation malaisien, dominé par l’État et l’insertion internationale, issu de la Nouvelle politique économique de 1971, qui pourrait s’en trouver transformé en direction d’une répartition des revenus moins défavorable au travail.
L’usage paulinien à l’épreuve du pur amour chez Fénelon
Authors: Wiel Véronique
Published: December 2018

Cette étude poursuit des recherches consacrées à une conception originale de la liberté issue pour l’essentiel des stoïciens et de Paul et qui connaît un regain d’intérêt au XVIIe siècle : la liberté comme usage du monde. Il s’agit de voir plus précisément comment Fénelon, se saisissant de la formule de Paul « user du monde comme n’en usant pas », s’efforce de l’approprier à la doctrine du pur amour. Or à l’examen d’une telle entreprise, l’on constate que sa volonté d’interpréter la proposition paulinienne dans une perspective mystique menace la possibilité même d’y répondre.
Articuler Éros à Thanatos ?
Authors: Mezzadri-Guedj Agathe
Published: December 2018

Dans la correspondance de Fénelon à Madame Guyon. Éros, force motrice qui vise la jouissance de la création, dialogue intimement avec l’ascétisme de la pulsion de mort – Thanatos. Cette polarité est en effet requise par le quiétisme. Il s’agit de parvenir à l’extrémité de Thanatos (« la faiblesse de l’homme » - son anéantissement), pour ensuite, entrevoir Éros  (« l’espérance la plus folle » - l’union en Dieu). Le corpus de lettres structuré thématiquement autour de cette gageure de l’ « union » dans la « mort », nous fournit donc l’occasion d’explorer la genèse des enjeux les plus radicaux de l’écriture fénelonienne dans son rapport contradictoire aux pulsions et leur manifestation stylistique principale : la répétition. C’est dans ce corpus que Fénelon évoque sa fameuse « sécheresse », celle qui fait de lui « un bateau qui n’a ni rames ni voiles », et qui a été depuis rapprochée de la pulsion de mort. Par l’intimité, voire le « secret » qu’elles révèlent, ainsi que leur datation entre 1689 et 1690, ces missives constituent un moyen de sonder les origines du lien entre mystique, psychanalyse et stylistique dans l’œuvre de Fénelon. Elles nous apprennent que dans cette relation épistolaire vécue et narrée comme exceptionnelle, la pulsion de vie trouve un point d’ancrage et, partant, la valeur littéraire des répétitions s’en trouve amoindri. Si les redondances expriment toujours la puissance du dogme du pur amour ou pulsion de mort - que les correspondants ne cessent de gloser, la pulsion de vie ne s’exprime que peu, tarie par les aveux d’amour en je-pense-à-toi et je-t-aime. Dans ces aveux, Fénelon scelle définitivement le mariage d’Eros et de Thanatos à travers l’expression « mourir d’envie ». Une fois ce mariage prononcé, l’écriture n’a plus lieu d’être et s’interrompt.
« L’ami – un autre soi-même »
Authors: Kapp Volker
Published: December 2018

Louis de Sacy envoie à Fénelon son Traité de l’Amitié (1703) en sollicitant un jugement. A sa surprise, il en résulte un débat sur son explication de l’idée cicéronienne « l’ami est un autre soi-même », transformée par Erasme et Montaigne en lieu commun. En négligeant ce côté rhétorique les éditeurs de la lettre fénelonienne ont méconnu l’enjeu littéraire et doctrinaire du débat entre le juriste et l’archevêque. Émulant avec Cicéron, Louis de Sacy se réfère aux conversations dans le salon de la marquise de Lambert dont l’opuscule sur l’amitié est marqué par Montaigne. Fénelon s’oppose à de Sacy rattachant l’amitié à l’amour propre, parce que ce lieu commun garantit la caution de païens pour sa vision de l’amour pur.
L’art du portrait dans la correspondance spirituelle de Fénelon
Authors: Chaduc Pauline
Published: December 2018

L’article s’intéresse à l’art du portrait dans la correspondance spirituelle de Fénelon, en distinguant deux catégories (portraits généraux vs. portraits intérieurs, individuels et circonstanciés) et en s’attardant sur quelques figures exemplaires (ctesses de Gramont, de Montberon, Mme Guyon,…). Sont ainsi soulignées les divergences observées entre le « portrait mondain » et le « portrait spirituel ». Ce dernier est essentiellement analysé à partir d’une étude de « cas » (Mme de Maintenon, duc de Bourgogne) et au gré d’une analyse du discours (lexique, dispositifs rhétoriques) qui prend également en compte plusieurs éléments du contexte culturel et scientifique de l’époque.
A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW ON CURRENT RESEARCH TRENDS IN ELECTROSURGICAL SYSTEMS
Authors: Alzaidi Ali Idham , Yahya Azli , Rava Mohammad , Swee Tan Tian , Idris Norhalimah
Published: December 2018

The use of electrosurgery (also referred to as radiosurgery) is a type of surgery that uses electrical currents in order to perform the surgery. This type of surgery dates back to more than 100 years. For over five decades, different reviews have been conducted in the field of electrosurgery. This has led to a dramatic increase in interest in electrosurgery, resulting to an incredible intervention in microvascular surgery that has provoked the most noteworthy use of radio frequency instruments. The controlled and exact use of these radio frequency electrical current on delicate tissue sites to be cut is accomplished by methods for deliberately composed anodes. This is a persistently advancing field with dynamic research going on in various new applications. There are different sorts of surgery, which can be delivered with high recurrence instruments such as Diathermy, Bipolar, and Monopolar. This paper performs a systematic review by extracting information from a wide variety of research papers in electrosurgery topics. The purpose of a systematic review is to classify and categorize the field of electrosurgery in an unbiased way, listing the current existing trends in electrosurgery, can lead to the classification and understanding of electrosurgery as a whole, and to predict the future direction of the field by analyzing the research interest over the last couple of years.
A Global Perspective of Classroom Technology Integration and Use
Authors: Torres Kelly M. , Statti Aubrey
Published: December 2018

Across the globe, technology has become more commonplace in educational settings. Particularly, educators are utilizing technology to positively impact student academic performance and to engage learners throughout classroom activities. Common trends in educational technology incorporate the inclusion of mobile phones and social media activities. However, distinct differences across the world are found in classroom settings in the availability of educational technology resources and the opportunity for educators to receive professional development training.
Use of Humanoid Robots for Students With Intellectual Disabilities
Authors: Tuna Ayşe , Ahmetoğlu Emine
Published: December 2018

In parallel with the significant developments in robotics, humanoid robots have become popular recently. It is known that when humanoid robots are used for educational goals, students become more interested in learning activities, develop better situation awareness through exercises and physical activities, and learn more effectively. Therefore, humanoid robots will possibly play a key role in education in the future. Since humanoid robots have enhanced social skills, are able to repeat a particular sequence many times, and provide real-time feedback, they can improve the engagement of students with intellectual disabilities and may find significant acceptance in specific target groups, such as students with autism spectrum disorder. In this chapter, the authors investigate the use of humanoid robots for students with intellectual disabilities and review existing approaches in this domain. In addition, limitations and challenges to the use of humanoid robots for educational goals are discussed. Finally, the authors investigate research challenges in this domain and state future research directions.
Experimental and Numerical Analyses of a Micro-Heat Exchanger for Ethanol Excess Recovery From Biodiesel
Authors: Júnior João Lameu da Silva , Santana Harrson Silva
Published: December 2018

The use of micro-heat exchangers increased with the advancement of microfluidics. These microdevices present some advantages like elevated surface area-to-volume ratio resulting in high heat transfer rates. Micro-heat exchanger with phase change is a new application of such devices. The simultaneous momentum, heat, and mass transfer at microscale still require investigations due to the inherent complexity. The main goal of the chapter is to demonstrate experimentally and numerically the capability of the micro-heat exchanger use in the continuous process of ethanol excess recovery from the biodiesel. The influence of flow rate, ethanol/biodiesel molar ratio, and temperature on the ethanol evaporation performance was evaluated. The flow rate and the ethanol/biodiesel molar ratio influenced negatively the evaporation. In contrast, the temperature was affected positively. The mathematical model was able to capture the main features of the continuous evaporation; however, further improvements must be performed in order to consider the thermodynamics characteristics.
Heat and Mass Transfer Characteristics of Evaporating Falling Films
Authors: Najim Monssif , Feddaoui M'barek , Alla Abderrahman Nait , Charef Adil
Published: December 2018

This chapter presents a numerical investigation of heat and mass transfer characteristics during the evaporation of liquid films in vertical geometries. A two-phase model is developed to simulate laminar film evaporation into laminar gas flow. The liquid film evaporation is evaluated under adiabatic and heated wall conditions for both pure and binary liquid film. The model is based on a finite difference method to solve the governing equations of the two phases. The obtained results concerns two industrial processes. The first part of the chapter is devoted to the analysis of the thermal protection of vertical channel wall, while the second part is devoted to the desalination process by falling liquid film. The simulations results allowed the determination of the optimal operating conditions for both processes.
Towards an Industry 4.0-Based Maintenance Approach in the Manufacturing Processes
Authors: García J. Roberto Reyes , Martinetti Alberto , Becker Juan M. Jauregui , Singh Sarbjeet , van Dongen Leo A. M.
Published: December 2018

Maintenance is one of the key application areas of Industry 4.0. Every day, maintenance managers and technicians face the challenge of ensuring maximum machine reliability and availability, while minimizing the utilization of materials consumed by maintenance and repairs. As productivity is pressured to further improve, finding a successful balance between these aspects is becoming increasingly difficult. Therefore, integrating condition-monitoring systems with predictive and prescriptive maintenance principles, a new Industry 4.0-based maintenance can be obtained that enables maintenance engineers to better deal with this challenge. In this context, Maintenance 4.0 expands existing maintenance functions by the integration of Industry 4.0 technologies, like internet of things, cyber physical systems, augmented reality, and 3D printing. This chapter presents the main maintenance areas that are supported and enabled by Industry 4.0 technologies and introduces an Industry 4.0-based predictive maintenance approach for the manufacturing industry.
Innovation in Scientific Knowledge Based on Forecasting Assessment
Authors: Mahuzier Ignacio Aranís , Gunckel Pablo A. Viveros , Bustos Rodrigo Mena , Chandía Christopher Nikulin , Díaz Vicente González-Prida
Published: December 2018

This chapter presents a study of forecasting methods applicable to the spare parts demand faced by an automotive company that maintains a share of nearly 25% of the automotive market and sells approximately 13,000 parts per year. These parts are characterized by having intermittent demand and, in some cases, low demand, which makes it difficult for such companies to perform well and to obtain accurate forecasts. Therefore, this chapter includes a study of methods such as the Croston, Syntetos and Boylan, and Teunter methods, which are known to resolve these issues. Furthermore, the rolling Grey method is included, which is usually used in environments with short historical series and great uncertainty. In this study, traditional methods of prognosis, such as moving averages, exponential smoothing, and exponential smoothing with tendency and seasonality, are not neglected.
Decision Making for Energy Management in Smart Grid
Authors: Shendryk Vira , Boiko Olha , Parfenenko Yuliia , Shendryk Sergii , Tymchuk Sergii
Published: December 2018

The chapter discusses the problem of energy management in Smart MicroGrid. The strategies of Smart MicroGrid energy management and objectives of Smart MicroGrid operation have been analyzed. The chapter emphasizes the potential of information technologies implementation to achieve energy management goals and provide a description of energy management information system which is used for MicroGrid planning and operation. The information flows which are used for making decision on Smart MicroGrid energy management have been analyzed.
The Evolution of Tourism Destination Competitiveness (TDC) Models
Authors: Mohd Hanafiah Mohd Hafiz , Zulkifly Muhammad Izzat
Published: December 2018

The complexity of the tourism industry creates the need for the continuous evaluation of tourism destination competitiveness (TDC) models. For this reason, a proper review of the previous literature on competitiveness models and determinants was done to understand better the pertinent factors affecting TDC. This chapter reviews the competitiveness models developed by Porter (1990), Ritchie and Crouch (1993), Dwyer and Kim (2003), Heath (2003), and Gooroochurn and Sugiyarto (2005). Key criteria and determinants of competitiveness are synthesized and categorized. Finally, learning from the systematic review and their implications are listed.
Destination Competitiveness
Authors: Weng Philip Wong Pong
Published: December 2018

Numerous studies suggest that an increase in a destination's brand equity can lead to greater competitiveness of the destination by influencing consumer behavior through the greater possibility of destination selection, increased destination loyalty, and a willingness to pay more to visit the destination. However, some studies seem to lend support to the reverse causal argument: that certain destination competitiveness attributes can be the antecedents of a destination's brand equity. This chapter posits that destination competitiveness can be classified into two components: (1) “functional attributes” being the antecedent of destination brand equity and (2) “abstract attributes” that is actually influenced by destination brand equity. A Delphi-survey was conducted to assist in the classification of competitiveness attributes into the components of either functional or abstract attributes. Subsequent tests confirm the mediating effect of destination brand equity in the relationship between the functional and abstract attributes.
Learning From Others
Authors: Meng Lee Lai , Abdul-Talib Asmat-Nizam
Published: December 2018

Theme parks are important products for the leisure and tourism industry of any country. They have become a globalized commodity that transcends countries and cultures. With the global rise in anxieties and the stress of modern living, consumers are looking for an antidote for these circumstances, and an escape to the theme park is an ideal solution for many. The developments of theme parks are capital intensive and require much commitment from the investor or developer of the said theme park. Thus, it is critical for potential investors of theme parks to identify the critical factors for the success of theme parks. Marketing literature and research has indicated that authenticity of the product as well as the staging of experiences as the main factor influencing consumer's decision to buy a leisure or tourism product. This case study focuses on the Genting Group Malaysia and their foray into the theme park industry. By observing and learning from other theme parks' success and failures, it is hoped that future theme park developments will be able to maximize their chances of success.
The Discursive Role of Music in African Elections
Authors: Mambwe Elastus
Published: December 2018

In Africa, music remains the arena where the commingling of political and artistic expressions has thrived, even in countries with high levels of control and censorship. This blend of music and politics is perhaps most evident in the modern era where music is increasingly being used for political messaging during election campaigns. This chapter delves into the discursive role of music in election campaigns from an African perspective, using Zambia as a case study, and more specifically through the lens of the Patriotic Front, the country's largest political party, which effectively used musical lyrics to win the presidency and consolidate its power.