bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La iconografía novohispana de San Emigdio, abogado contra los temblores
Authors: Viceconte Milena
Published: July 2023

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo examinar la iconografía de San Emigdio en el contexto colonial, a través del estudio de los grabados que aparecen en algunos novenarios que se publicaron en la capital de México y las ciudades de Puebla de los Ángeles, Guatemala y Oaxaca. Estos impresos son sumamente interesantes, puesto que brindan información acerca de las circunstancias que fomentaron el culto hacia este santo como protector contra los temblores. El análisis de los testimonios gráficos que se han podido localizar, como puede ser el grabado firmado por el artista poblano José de Nava, permite observar de qué modo algunas imágenes presentan similitudes con la iconografía emigdiana que se desarrolló en el contexto español, según la cual el santo aparece en una nube por sobre dos calamidades que azotan una ciudad —devastada por un terremoto— y el mar —con embarcaciones amenazadas por una tormenta—.
Library Resources and their Contributions in Academic Study and Research: A Study from the Colleges of Eastern Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Singh Shakuntal
Published: July 2023

Library services comprise resources, activities, programmes, and instructions to assist customers in meeting their  information requirements and making intelligent and effective use of the library's many resources and services.  Library services, which provide access to a wide range of information resources, especially electronic resources,  encourage academic and research excellence as well as personal development. The collection development strategy of  the college library is to provide access to library materials. The college library obtains a database collection for  reference as well as consortia to aid users. Aside from specialised ideas in the development of a clear and well-defined  strategy, journal selection and subscriptions satisfy the demands of users and vital requests from reference  enquiries. This research about the study of Library Resources and their contributions in academic study and  Research: A study from Eastern Uttar Pradesh.
Library Use Instruction: The Outcome-based Education Approach
Authors: Josephine Onohwakpor E , Joseph Chukwusa
Published: July 2023

It is generally agreed that the university library serves as the hub or focal point of the institution's teaching,  learning, and research activities. It offers resources for information. It offers resources for knowledge to meet  students’ information needs. Between two groups of students, there can be a significant difference if the university  library is properly explored, exploited, and used. Because of this, it is deemed crucial to teach newly admitted  students how to use the library, and as a result, Nigerian institutions have made this official, examinable, credit earning teaching essential. Despite the library's education programme, students' attitudes at higher education  institution libraries often give the impression that they are still unsure of how to use the facility's resources. It is  well known that many students rely more on their lecture notes than they do on really exploring, taking advantage  of, and using the library's resources. This vision is what this review is all about- the introduction of the concept  Outcome-Based Education (OBE).
Bibliometric Analysis of Literature on Information Anxiety, Library Anxiety, and Technology Anxiety
Authors: Kaur Gill Satwinderpal , Singh Gill Jatinder
Published: July 2023

The present paper examines the availability of literature on Information anxiety, Library anxiety, and Technology  anxiety based on data extracted from the Web of Science database. The paper examines the growth of literature on  the selected topic up to 2021 as indexed in the Web of Science database, measures country-wise contribution and  author-wise contribution. First publication on the selected topic was recorded for the year 1990 in Web of Science  database. USA has largest share of publications on the topic. Maximum number of contributions and maximum  citations are noted for the year 2022. University of Malaya is top contributing institution. Onwuegbuzie is top  contributing author. VOSviewer based collaborative network visualization map of journals as well as of authors are  given. As per our knowledge, this study is first to explore literature output on Library Anxiety, Information  Anxiety and Technology anxiety in English language. This paper will also encourage Indian authors to write on the  topic as the study has found only five contributions from India in the Web of Science database. The study is useful  for Researchers and faculty in the field of Library and Information Science as well as of Information Communication  Technology. Bibliometric studies contribute towards knowledge management.
The use of combined structuring agents of various origins in the production of jelly products
Authors: Foshchan A.
Published: July 2023

This paper is devoted to solving an important task of the food industry - the rational use of food raw materials, including gelling agents of various origins. The innovative strategy of this study is based on the possibility of using gelatin and modified potato or pea starch (MS), as a cheap ingredient in the production of jelly products based on traditional, but expensive raw materials such as agar and agar from Furcellaria - furcellaran. The experimental study has been performed concerning the strength of gel-forming systems ‘gelatin - MS - agar – water’ and ‘gelatin - MS - furcellaran – water’, and systems: ‘agar - water’, ‘furcellaran - water’, ‘gelatin – water’. Mathematical models have been obtained that relate the strength of the investigated gel-forming systems to the mass concentration of their components. The equation has been obtained that allows calculating the mass concentration of the components of the studied gel-forming compositions with the given level of strength of systems. It is shown that for a given level of strength of gel-forming system there is an optimal concentration of its components in terms of the least full cost of the system. The equation that allows to calculate the optimal concentration of components of a combined gelforming system has been obtained. The adequate mathematical model for forecasting the strength of jelly products, depending on the mass concentration of components is obtained. It is envisaged to formulate the initial requirements for the parameters of gel-forming, which will allow obtaining an integral elastic structure at optimum duration of the technological process, by modelling the systems of gel-forming, as a technological system, within the framework of the functioning of individual subsystems (the creation of prescription concentrations and ratios of gel-forming agents). The obtained mathematical models can be used for the analysis of other gel-forming compositions in the presence of the data on the strength of such systems depending on the concentration of components.
Impactos da prática do arvorismo sobre as representações sociais dos praticantes
Authors: da Silva Triani Felipe , Silva de Andrade Marconi , Cavalcanti Novaes Renato
Published: July 2023

As Práticas Corporais de Aventura na Natureza (PCAN) têm ganhado visibilidade e adeptos nos últimos anos. O crescimento das modalidades, as amplas possibilidades de experimentações e a maior divulgação têm levado cada vez mais as pessoas optarem por essa atividade. O objetivo desse estudo é compreender as representações sociais compartilhadas por determinado grupo de pessoas ao praticar o arvorismo, categoria presente na PCAN. Os resultados demonstram que a visão dos participantes mudou antes e após a vivência do arvorismo, enquanto antes tiveram palavras como: medo e desafio, logo em seguida tiveram: força e coragem, apontando assim para uma mudança de paradigma.
The Impact of Acute Mild Normobaric Hypoxia and a Single
Bout of Exercise to Volitional Exhaustion on Cognitive
Performance in Endurance and Strength-Trained Athletes:
The role of BDNF, EP-1, Catecholamines and Lactate
Authors: Piotrowicz Zofia , Czuba Miłosz , Chalimoniuk Małgorzata , Langfort Józef
Published: July 2023

The aim of the study was to examine whether a single bout of exercise to volitional exhaustion, performed under
moderate normobaric hypoxia (H), would affect psychomotor performance (PP) in differently trained athletes. For this
purpose, ten strength-trained (S) athletes, ten endurance-trained (E) athletes and ten healthy men leading a sedentary
lifestyle as a control (C) group performed voluntarily two graded exercise tests until volitional exhaustion (EVE) under
normoxia (N) and H (FiO2 = 14.7%). We measured the peripheral level of the brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF),
choice reaction time (CRT) and the number of correct reactions (NCR) as indices of PP. Psychomotor tests were performed
at rest, immediately after the EVE and 3 minutes after the EVE. Venous blood samples were collected at rest, immediately
after cessation of each EVE, and 1 h after each EVE. The results showed that the EVE significantly (p < 0.05) impaired
CRT under N and H, and NCR under H only in the E group. The higher WRmax in the E compared to the S and C groups
was associated with a significant (p < 0.005) increase in adrenaline (A) and noradrenaline (NA). There were no significant
differences between conditions (N vs. H) in the BDNF at rest and after exercise. The EVE impaired cognitive function
only in the E group; higher involvement of the sympathetic nervous system, A and NA may also play a role in this
phenomenon. Therefore, it can be concluded that exposure to H did not have a negative impact on CRT or NCR. Moreover,
BDNF did not improve cognitive function.
Association Between the rs4680 Polymorphism of the COMT Gene and Personality Traits among Combat Sports Athletes
Authors: Humińska-Lisowska Kinga , Chmielowiec Krzysztof , Chmielowiec Jolanta , Strońska – Pluta Aleksandra , Bojarczuk Aleksandra , Dzitkowska-Zabielska Magdalena , Łubkowska Beata , Spieszny Michał , Surała Olga , Grzywacz Anna
Published: July 2023

Physical performance has been the focus of studies examining genetic influences in martial arts. There has been little quantitative analysis of the interaction between psychological traits and gene variants in athletes. This study aimed to determine whether the rs4680 polymorphism of the COMT gene (catechol-O-methyltransferase) was linked to other sports phenotypes such as temperament, mental toughness, and stress tolerance. In our study, we concentrated on the case-control analysis of athletes in the aspect of their personality traits in association with the COMT gene polymorphism. Participants comprised 258 combat sports athletes and 278 healthy male individuals as a control group. Psychometric properties were assessed with the Revised Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI-R). COMT polymorphism testing was performed using real-time PCR. We found a statistically significant effect of a complex factor COMT rs4680 genotype with combat athletes/controls and novelty seeking (F2,530 = 5.958, p = 0.0028, η2 = 0.022), self-management (F2,530 = 6.772, p = 0.0012, η2 = 0.025), and with self-transcendence skills (F2,530 = 9.387, p = 0.00009, η2 = 0.034). The results are important for encouraging further studies on the genetic makeup of athletes in conjunction with personality traits. Due to the multigene and multifactorial nature of determinants of sports predispositions, we propose to take into account also other features, especially when studying genes related to cerebral neurotransmission. It is a holistic departure, and it clearly illustrates the relationship between the given characteristics of an athlete.
The Nurse Working Performance in an Indonesian Psychiatric Hospital
Authors: Nurhayati Nurhayati , Sofia Sofia , Marthoenis Marthoenis
Published: July 2023

Psychiatric nurses working in mental hospitals often experience poor performance due to various pressures from their work environment. However, exactly how they performed in the hospital has yet to be discovered. This study aims to determine the picture of the performance of Psychiatric nurses. The study was a study of 85 nurses. The study used the Six-D Scale of Nursing Performance questionnaire to measure nurses’ performance. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results showed that more than half of the nurses performed well, while the rest did poorly. Therefore, hospital management must pay special attention to motivating underperforming nurses to work optimally in treating patients with mental disorders.
Analysis of Early Childhood Confidence in Overcoming Fear
Authors: Aprilianti Eka
Published: July 2023

One of the factors that can affect a child's self-confidence is overcoming fear. Fear is an emotional response to a threat or danger whose source is usually external and consciously faced. The purpose of this study is to find out how self-confidence of young children overcomes fear. This study uses phenomenological qualitative techniques. Notes obtained from informants, five were obtained using the purposive aspect with the criteria of early childhood being able to overcome fears such as not daring to point a finger to answer the teacher's question even though he knew the answer at TKIT Al-Baihaqi. Gather information using semi-structured interviews. The test uses fact analysis with descriptive narrative analysis. The results obtained from this test are that the subject generally feels insecure at school. However, there are subjects who express self-confidence, both as evidenced by being confident in their abilities, easily expressing emotions, being responsible, grateful and optimistic even though they are not perfect.

Keywords: self confidence, Overcoming Fear , early childhood
An Empirical Analysis on Internet Reservation Car Service and Passenger Safety in China: Focusing on Safety Management in Yantai City, Shandong Province
Authors:   National Crisis & Emergency Management Research Institute in Chungbuk National University, Jiang Zihan , Lee Jea Eun
Published: July 2023

This study analyzed the problems and causes of safety supervision of internet reservation vehicle service in Yantai city. Internet reservation vehicle services are an emerging industry that combines Internet information technology with traditional taxi industries, not only fostering new economic growth points, but also meeting the diverse needs of the public. As the internet reservation vehicle service continues to grow, the safety management supervision problem of the internet reservation vehicle is becoming more and more prominent. We emphasized the strengthening of safety supervision of Internet reservation vehicle service, the safety promotion of Internet reservation vehicle service, and presented the organization and role of the Internet contract car industry association.
Development of Disaster Logistics System for Efficient Operation of Disaster Management Resources: Focusing on the Analysis of Japan's Support logistics improvement Plan after the Great East Japan Earthquake
Authors:   National Crisis & Emergency Management Research Institute in Chungbuk National University, Lee Ju Ho
Published: July 2023

This study attempted to present the necessity of approaching disaster logistics to streamline the operation of disaster management resources in Korea by analyzing the problems and issues of the support logistics process in the process of responding to the Great East Japan Earthquake in Japan. The key issues of supporting materials identified by Japan in the process of responding to the Great East Japan Earthquake are: first, damage to logistics infrastructure itself and recovery period, second, damage to municipal employees and facilities, third, lack of fuel to supply transportation, multiple logistics. As an improvement task, the scope of integration of disaster logistics should be broadly dealt with from a logistics perspective, strengthening backup systems and countermeasures, strengthening cooperation with the private sector, and improving identified problems. It is meaningful to suggest that the disaster management resource problem is no longer a matter of securing and stockpiling resources, but is at a time when it should be converted to the concept of disaster logistics in response to changing disaster patterns.
Pamidronate as treatment of severe hypercalcemia in SCFN of the newborn: A case report
Authors: Krishnasamy Raiwathy , Wan Angeline Seng Lian , M Selveindran Nalini
Published: July 2023

Subcutaneous fat necrosis of newborn (SCFN) is an uncommon entity that occurs in neonates who experienced perinatal stress. We report use of pamidronate, to control persistent hypercalcemia in a 5- week-old infant with SCFN not responding to initial treatment. A term male neonate was born by emergency LSCS due to non-reassuring fetal status. Antenatally mother had gestational diabetes mellitus, group B streptococcus carrier and an antenatal scan at 29 weeks detected a fetus with dilated small bowel. Baby was born vigorous but complicated with bowel perforation requiring fluid resuscitation and a bedside glove drain. He underwent laparotomy for small bowel perforation secondary to ileal atresia and required TPN postoperatively. At 1 month of life, he had palpable purplish lumps at his trunk and limbs associated with severe hypercalcemia supporting the diagnosis of subcutaneous fat necrosis. Despite receiving initial treatment of hyperhydration and frusemide for two weeks, the patient's hypercalcemia peaked to 4.11mmol/L. His renal ultrasound showed nephrocalcinosis with renal and bladder calculi. He was given IV Pamidronate. Post single dose of IV Pamidronate, calcium levels reduced ranging 2.2-3 mmol/L and frusemide was discontinued. On discharge he was maintained on low calcium milk. During his first follow up the calcium level remained stable and repeated ultrasound showed resolution of the renal pelvis and bladder calculi with persistence of the medullary nephrocalcinosis. SCFN has a potentially life-threatening complication due to development of severe hypercalcemia. For patients with severe hypercalcemia not responding to hydration, and low calcium intake, pamidronate is an effective and safe treatment.  Good supportive management is very important and should be done prior to pamidronate.
Prinsip Asasi Hukum Qadzaf Dalam Islam dan Kompilasi Hukum Islam
Authors: Abdurahman Irfan
Published: July 2023

Agama Islam  memandang zina merupakan perbuatan keji dan munkar  dan termasuk salah satu dosa besar. Maka sebagai konsekuensi dari perbuatan tersebut Islam menjatuhkan hukuman (had) rajam bagi pelaku zina mukhsan dan hukuman dera 100 (seratus kali) bagi pelaku zina ghairu mukhsan. Sebagai penyeimbang terhadap beratnya sanksi hukum zina maka menuduh laki-laki atau wanita baik-baik melakukan zina adalah fitnah yang keji, karena jika tuduhan itu diikuti, tentunya tertuduh akan terkena konsekuensi hukum zina, dan memunculkan anggapan bahwa tertuduh adalah orang-orang yang melakukan perbuatan yang keji. Qadzaf adalah menuduh orang lain berbuat zina, baik tuduhan itu melalui pernyataan yang jelas maupun menyatakan anak seseorang bukan keturunan ayahnya. Perbuatan ini termasuk dosa besar. Syarat seorang qadhif jika ingin selamat (dari hukuman dera) maka ia harus menghadirkan empat orang saksi laki-laki yang adil; jika tidak mampu maka hukuman (had) baginya adalah di dera sebanyak 80 (delapan puluh kali); tidak diterima kesaksiannya untuk selamanya dan termasuk golongan orang fasik.Di Indonesia belum ada ketentuan hukum khusus yang mengatur tentang hukuman bagi penuduh zina (qadzaf). Namun dalam Kompilasi Hukum Islam di Indonesia (KHI) dijelaskan suami yang menuduh istrinya berbuat zina, dan atau mengingkari anak yang dikandung istrinya dan atau anak yang telah dilahirkan istrinya, sedangkan istrinya menolak tuduhan dan atau mengingkari hal tersebut maka keduanya dapat melakukan sumpah di depan majlis hakim. Akibat hukum dari sumpah ini adalah status perkawinan keduanya yang terputus untuk selamanya.
Analisis Hukum Hak-Hak Nasab Anak Luar Nikah Menurut Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 46/Puu/Viii/2010
Authors: Lukman Daris Salam Asep
Published: July 2023

Lahirnya Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 46/PUU-VIII/2010 Tentang Nasab Anak di Luar Nikah banyak menimbulkan berbagai pandangan yang berbeda-beda tak terkecuali tokoh agama yang ada di Kota Sukabumi. Adapun yang menjadi permasalahan pada peneliitan ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana status hukum nasab  anak di luar nikah menurut peraturan perundang-undangan di Indonesia dan bagaimana respon tokoh agama Kota Sukabumi terhadap putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi tersebut. Untuk menjawab permasalahan tersebut, metode penelitian hukum yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian hukum empiris. Data didapat melalui pengumpulan data primer yang dihasilkan dari wawancara kepada tokoh agama Kota Sukabumi dan data sekunder dengan cara membaca, mempelajari, mencatat dan mengutif buku-buku literatur yang berkaitan dengan permasalahan yang diangkat. Setelah data terkumpul dilakukan pengolahan data dengan cara editing, coding, dan rekontruksi bahan, kemudian melakukan sistematis bahan hukum. Selanjutnya dianalisis secara yuridis empiris dengan metode induktif, sehingga dapat diambil sebuah kesimpulan guna menjawab  setiap permasalahan yang ada. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kedudukan anak di luar nikah menurut peraturan perundangundangan di Indonesia adalah sah dalam pandangan agama, yaitu sah secara materil, namun karena tidak tercatat baik di Kantor Urusan Agama (KUA) maupun di Kantor Catatan Sipil, maka tidak sah secara formil. Namun sejak keluarnya putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi No. 46/PUU-IIIV/2010 tentang Nasab Anak di luar nikah yang menyatakan bahwa anak di luar nikah perkawinan mempunyai hubungan perdata dengan ibunya dan keluarga ibunya serta dengan laki-laki sebagai ayahnya yang dapat dibuktikan berdasarkan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi atau alat bukti lain, maka anak yang dihasilkan di luar nikah mempunyai hubungan perdata dengan ayah biologisnya disamping itu dalam merespon putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi tentang nasab anak di luar nikah, tokoh agama Kota Sukabumi terbagi menjadi 2 pendapat ada yang sepakat dan tidak sepakat. Pendapat yang sepakat mengatakan bahwa putusan MK merupakan merupakan suatu terobosan hukum progresif yang memberikan jaminan dan perlindungan hukum kepada isteri dan anak dari suatu pernikahan sirri, selama ini anak yang dihasilkan dari perkawinan sirri sering terabaikan sehingga hak-hak anak tidak dapat terpenuhi. Sedangkan pendapat yang tidak sepakat dengan adannya putusan MK tersebut bahwa akan mengancam kesucian lembaga perkawinan seolah-olah melegalisasi perkawinan sirri, kumpul kebo (samen laven), dan perzinahan.
Foslevodopa-Foscarbidopa (Vyalev)
Authors: CADTH
Published: July 2023

CADTH recommends that Vyalev should be reimbursed by public drug plans for the treatment of motor fluctuations in patients with advanced levodopa-responsive Parkinson disease (PD) who do not have satisfactory control of severe, debilitating motor fluctuations and hyperkinesia or dyskinesia despite optimized treatment with available combinations of medicinal products for PD if certain conditions are met.

Vyalev should only be covered to treat patients with advanced PD who have unpredictable changes in movement symptoms and severe limitations in being able to perform daily activities while receiving optimized oral therapy. Patients should have previously shown improvement in their symptoms when they received levodopa treatment and should not have severe psychosis or severe dementia. Patients or caregivers should be able to understand how to use the drug infusion system correctly.

Vyalev should only be reimbursed if prescribed by neurologists who are specialized in managing movement disorders or with expertise in managing advanced PD. Its cost should not be more than other treatments that are reimbursed for the treatment of advanced PD. Vyalev may lead to more patients seeking treatment; this adds uncertainty in the budget impact which should be addressed.
نظام الحسبة في الإسلام
Authors:   وزارة التربية العراقية, كامل شهاب المعموري محمد
Published: July 2023

تبين في البحث أن الحسبة لها دور فعّال في صيانة الشريعة الإسلامية وحفظها. وان الحسبة وظيفة دينية لتعلقها بالأمور الدينية وإنها قربى إلى الله تعالى سواء تولاها محتسب أم قام بها متطوع. ومن العلماء من وصف الحسبة بأنها وظيفة اجتماعية لتعلقها بالأخلاق وصلة الرحم والإحسان إلى الفقراء ونشر العلم. ومن التعريف تبين أن المحتسب لا يتعرض إلا للمنكرات الظاهرة، أي انه لا ينقب ويتحرى للبحث عن المنكر وإنما يجب عليه التدخل إذا رآه ظاهراً أمامه. وان من المجالات التي يمكن أن نرى فيها الحسبة هما مجال الإعلام والتربية ذلك أن التربية هي الأساس في تقويم الأخلاق عبر المتابعة والمناهج الموضوعة للدرس، أما الإعلام فله دور مهم في نشر مبادئ الإسلام. ودور الحسبة رقابي على التربية والإعلام حفاظاً على الجانب الفكري والأخلاقي للمجتمع. ومن الإشكالات التي أقعدت الحسبة عن دورها الريادي السلبية كقول الكثير: (دعوا الخلق للخالق)، وهذا الفهم يمنع الأمر بالمعروف والنهي عن المنكر. وأخيراً فان الأمر بالمعروف والنهي عن المنكر لا بد من ان يقوم به الجميع كل من موقعه وفي اقل تقدير أن ينكره في قلبه
A model of the within-population variability of budburst in forest trees
Authors: Lin Jianhong , Berveiller Daniel , François Christophe , Hänninen Heikki , Morfin Alexandre , Vincent Gaëlle , Zhang Rui , Rathgeber Cyrille , Delpierre Nicolas
Published: July 2023

Abstract. Spring phenology is a key indicator of temperate and boreal ecosystems’ response to climate change. To date, most phenological studies have analyzed the mean date of budburst in tree populations while overlooking the large variability of budburst among individual trees. The consequences of neglecting the within-population variability (WPV) of budburst when projecting the dynamics of tree communities are unknown. Here, we develop the first model designed to simulate the WPV of budburst in tree populations. We calibrated and evaluated the model on 48,442 budburst observations collected between 2000 and 2022 in three major temperate deciduous trees, namely, hornbeam (Carpinus betulus), oak (Quercus petraea) and chestnut (Castanea sativa). The WPV model received support for all three species, with a root mean square error of 5.6 ± 0.3 days. Retrospective simulations over 1961–2022 indicated earlier budburst as a consequence of ongoing climate warming. However, simulations revealed no significant change for the duration of budburst (DurBB, i.e., the time interval from BP20 to BP80, which respectively represent the date when 20 % and 80 % of trees in a population have reached budburst), due to a lack of significant temperature increase during DurBB in the past. This work can serve as a basis for the development of models targeting intra-population variability of other functional traits, which is of increasing interest in the context of climate change.
Effects of Arctic sea-ice concentration on turbulent surface fluxes in four atmospheric reanalyses
Authors: Uhlíková Tereza , Vihma Timo , Karpechko Alexey Yu , Uotila Petteri Juha
Published: July 2023

Abstract. A prerequisite for understanding the local, regional, and hemispherical impacts of Arctic sea-ice decline on the atmosphere is to quantify the effects of sea-ice concentration (SIC) on the turbulent surface fluxes of sensible and latent heat in the Arctic. We analyse these effects utilising four global atmospheric reanalyses: ERA5, JRA-55, MERRA-2, and NCEP/CFSR (CFSR and CFSv2), and evaluate their uncertainties arising from inter-reanalysis differences in SIC and in the sensitivity of the turbulent surface fluxes to SIC. The magnitude of the differences in SIC is up to 0.15, but typically around 0.05 in most of the Arctic over all four seasons. Orthogonal-distance regression and ordinary-least-square regression analyses indicate that the greatest sensitivity of both the latent and the sensible heat flux to SIC occurs in the cold season, November to April. For these months, the average sensitivity is 400 W m-2 for the latent heat flux and over 800 W m-2 for the sensible heat flux per unit of SIC (change of SIC from 0 to 1), with the differences between reanalyses as large as 300 W m-2 for the latent heat flux and 600 W m-2 for the sensible heat flux per unit of SIC. The sensitivity is highest for the NCEP/CFSR reanalysis. Comparing the periods 1980–2000 and 2001–2021, we find that the effect of SIC on turbulent surface fluxes has weakened, owing to the increasing surface temperature of sea ice and the sea-ice decline. The results also indicate signs of decadal-scale improvement in the mutual agreement between reanalyses. The effect of SIC on turbulent surface fluxes arises mostly via the effect of SIC on atmosphere-surface differences in temperature and specific humidity, whereas the effect of SIC on wind speed partly cancels out in the turbulent surface fluxes, as the wind speed increases the magnitude of both upward and downward fluxes.
Sensitivity of atmospheric rivers to aerosol treatment in regional climate simulations: Insights from the AIRA identification algorithm
Authors: Raluy-López Eloisa , Montávez Juan Pedro , Jiménez-Guerrero Pedro
Published: July 2023

Abstract. This study analyzed the sensitivity of Atmospheric Rivers (ARs) to aerosol treatment in regional climate simulations. Three experiments covering the Iberian Peninsula for the period 1991 to 2010 were examined, each including prescribed aerosols (BASE), direct and semi-direct aerosol effects (ARI), and direct, semi-direct, and indirect aerosol effects (ARCI). A new regional-scale AR identification algorithm, AIRA, was developed and used to identify around 250 ARs in each experiment. The results showed that spring and autumn ARs were the most frequent, intense, and long-lasting, and that ARs could explain up to a 30 % of the total accumulated precipitation. The inclusion of aerosols was found to redistribute precipitation, with increases in the areas of AR occurrence. The analysis of common AR events showed that the differences between simulations were minimal in the most intense cases, and a negative correlation was found between mean direction and mean latitude differences. The joint analysis and classification of dust and sea salt aerosol distributions allowed clustering of common events into eight main aerosol configurations in ARI and ARCI. The sensitivity of ARs to different aerosol treatments was observed to induce spatial deviations and intensity reinforcements/attenuations depending on the aerosol configuration. The correct inclusion of aerosol effects is thus important for the simulation of AR behavior at both global and regional scales, which is essential for meteorological predictions and climate change projections.
Individual Coal Mine Methane Emissions Constrained by Eddy-Covariance Measurements: Low Bias and Missing Sources
Authors: Qin Kai , Hu Wei , He Qin , Lu Fan , Cohen Jason Blake
Published: July 2023

Abstract. China’s Shanxi Province accounts for 12 % of global coal output, and therefore is responsible for a very large fraction of the total global methane (CH4) emissions, as well as being a large source of uncertainty due to the lack of in-situ and field measurements. This work introduces the first comprehensive attempt to compute the coal mine methane emissions (CMM) throughout Shanxi, using a mixture of bottom-up and top-down approaches. First, public and private data from 636 individual coal mines in Shanxi Province were analyzed following the IPCC Tier 2 approach, using three to five sets of observed emission factors, and rank information based on methods issued by the National Coal Mine Safety Administration and the National Energy Administration, to compile a range of bottom-up CMM on a mine-by-mine basis. An eddy-covariance tower is set up near the output flue of a well-characterized high rank coal mine in Changzhi, and used to produce an average observed CH4 flux over two two-month long periods (Winter 2021 and Autumn 2022). The observed half-hourly CH4 flux variability is found to be roughly stable over the entire observed time, and is subsequently used to produce a set of scaling factors (RATIO correction) to updating the preliminary bottom-up coal mine methane emissions to account for both bias and high-frequency temporal variabiliy. The resulting emissions dataset have been compared against commonly used global CMM datasets including EDGAR and GFEI v2, and yield three unique scientific conclusions. First, their total CH4 emissions over Shanxi lie in between this work’s 50th percentile and 70th percentile range, meaning they are slightly high. Second, both datasets have a very large amount of emissions which occur where there are no coal mines and no CH4 emitting industry, indicating that there are significant spatial disparities, with the overlapped portion of CMM emissions where mines exist consistently close to the 30th percentile of this work’s emissions, meaning they underestimate CMM in general on a mine-by-mine basis. Third, some of the mines have average emissions values which are more than the 90th percentile of the computed mine-by-mine emissions, while many are far below the 10th percentile, showing that there is a significant issue with the sampling not capturing the observed temporal variability. It is hoped that this mine-by-mine and high frequency approximation of CMM emissions can improve both top-down observation campaigns as well as provide quantitative support and identification of mitigation opportunities.
Non-stationary NAO—Gulf Stream SST front interaction
Authors: Famooss Paolini Luca , Omrani Noureddine , Bellucci Alessio , Athanasiadis Panos J. , Ruggieri Paolo , Patrizio Casey R. , Keenlyside Noel
Published: July 2023

The interaction between the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and the latitudinal shifts of Gulf Stream sea surface temperature front (GSF) has been the subject of extensive investigations. There are indications of non-stationarity in this interaction, but differences in the methodologies used in previous studies make it difficult to draw consistent conclusions. Furthermore, there is a lack of consensus on the key mechanisms underlying the response of the GSF to the NAO forcing. This study assesses the possible non-stationarity in the NAO—GSF interaction and the mechanisms underlying this interaction over the last few decades, using reanalysis data.
Results show that the NAO and GSF indices covary on the decadal timescales but only during 1972—2018. A secondary peak in the NAO-GSF covariability emerges on multiannual timescales but only during 2005—2015. The non-stationarity in the decadal NAO-GSF covariability is also manifested through the dependency of their lead—lag relationship on the analyzed time period. Indeed, the NAO leads the GSF shifts by 3 years during 1972—1990 and by 2 years during 1990—2018.
The lag between GSF shifts and NAO can be interpreted as the joint effect of the fast response of wind-driven oceanic circulation, the lagged response of deep oceanic circulation, and the propagation of Rossby waves. However, there is evidence of Rossby wave propagation only before 1990. Here it is suggested that the non-stationarity of Rossby wave propagation causes the time lag between the NAO and the GSF latitudinal position on decadal timescales to differ before and after 1990.
Considering the impact that the GSF variability has on the North Atlantic variability, the non-stationarity in the NAO—GSF covariability has important implications for the predictability of the North Atlantic sector.
An Assessment of Cloud Microphysical Characteristics of Three Mei-yu Rainfall Systems in Taiwanas Simulated by A Cloud-Resolving Model
Authors: Wang Chung-Chieh , Lan Yu-Yao , Chen Yu-Han
Published: July 2023

This study selected three heavy-rainfall events of different types in the Mei-yu season in Taiwan for high-resolution simulations at a grid size of 1 km and assess the model’s capability to reproduce the morphology and characteristics of them. The three cases include a pre-frontal squall line, a mesoscale convective system (MCS) embedded in southwesterly flow, and a local convection near the front in southern Taiwan during the South-West Monsoon Experiment (SoWMEX) in 2008, chosen mainly because of the availability of the S-band polarimetric (S-Pol) radar observations, especially the particle identification results. The model used is the Cloud-Resolving Storm Simulator (CReSS), a cloud model that treats all clouds explicitly without any cumulus parameterization. 
The simulations using the CReSS model could reproduce all three corresponding rainfall systems at roughly the correct time and location, including their kinematic structures such as system-relative flows with minor differences, although the cells appeared to be coarser and wider than the S-Pol observations. The double-moment cold-rain microphysics scheme of the model could also capture the general distributions of hydrometeors, such as heavy rainfall below the updraft core with lighter rainfall farther away below the melting level, and graupel and mixed-phase particles in the upper part of the updraft with snow and ice crystals in stratiform areas between updrafts above the melting level. Near the melting level, the coexistence rain and snow corresponds to wet snow in the observations. Differences in cloud characteristics in the events are also reflected in model results to some extent. Overall, the model’s performance in the simulation of hydrometeors exhibits good agreement with the observation and appears reasonable.
Assessment of Satellite Precipitation Products during Extreme Events in a Semiarid Region
Authors: Salih Wiam , Epule Epule Terence , El mahdi El khalki , Chehbouni Abdelghani
Published: July 2023

Global warming is leading to an increase in the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events. In arid and semi-arid regions such as the Tensift basin in Morocco, global warming reflected in severe water shortages. In this context, it is of crucial importance to precisely quantify the amount of precipitation and its variability with respect of time and space. In the absence of adequate coverage by weather stations, it is imperative to investigate the reliability of satellite-based precipitation products in estimating observed precipitation. The objective of this study is to assess the performance of eight satellite products, namely PERSIANN, PERSIANN CDR, IMERG, ARC2, RFE2, CHIRPS, ERA5, and MSWEP in accurately estimating extreme observed precipitation within the basin. To this end, satellite precipitation products were compared to observed data collected over fourteen weather stations between 2001-2016, at various time steps (daily, monthly, seasonal, and annual). The data were analyzed using volumetric and categorical metrics. We further evaluated the estimation of the satellite products for extreme precipitation by comparing their extreme indices with those of the weather stations. In the same vein, this study examined the behavior of satellite products during droughts by comparing their SPI with the observations to determine the most accurate satellite products in determining the onset, duration, and magnitude of droughts. Finally, in order to determine whether bias correction was necessary to enhance performance and identify the most effective method, in the context of extreme events, several bias correction methods were evaluated based on the same procedures before and after bias correction. The results showed that PERSIANN CDR, IMERG, MSWEP, and ERA5 are the most accurate, with better performance at both monthly and annual time steps relative to daily time steps. Seasonally, the worse performance of all products occurs in summer and the best in autumn. Furthermore, we found out that PERSIANN CDR is the most reliable product that water managers can use for extreme events, while MSWEP, ERA5, and PERSIANN CDR are the best products that can be used to study the impact of climate change on drought. Finally, The Cumulative Distribution Function (CDF) mapping was found to be the most effective method in correcting the bias in the Tensift basin, especially for extreme events.
 
Machine Learning-Based Fog Nowcasting for Aviation with the Aid of Camera Observations
Authors: Ivica Lukas , Bartok Juraj , Sisan Peter , Bartokova Ivana , Malkin Ondik Irina , Gaal Ladislav
Published: July 2023

Fog is one of the severe meteorological phenomena, causing difficulties in transportation activities by air, road, or sea. Improving fog prediction methods is of great importance to society as a whole. Our study presents a fog forecast at the Poprad-Tatry Airport, Slovakia, where we used various machine learning algorithms (support vector machine, decision trees, k-nearest neighbors) to predict fog with visibility below 300 m for a lead time of 30 minutes. This research was carried out in the framework of the SESAR research project PJ.04-29.2. The novelty of the study is represented by the fact that beyond the standard meteorological variables as predictors, the forecast models also make use of information on visibility obtained through remote camera observations. The cameras help observe visibility using tens of landmarks at various distances and directions from the airport. The best-performing model achieved a score level of 0.89 (0.23) for the probability of detection (false alarm ratio). One of the most important findings of the study is that the predictor, defined as the minimum camera visibilities from eight cardinal directions, helps improve the performance of the constructed machine learning models in terms of an enhanced ability to forecast the initiation and dissipation of fog, i.e., the moments when a no-fog event turns into fog and vice versa. Camera-based observations help overcome the drawbacks of automated sensors (which predominantly measure points) and human observers (which have lower frequency observations but are more complex), and offer a viable solution for certain situations, such as the recent periods of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Climate Monitoring SAF: Sustained Generation of Satellite-Based Climate Data Records
Authors: Pfeifroth Uwe , Schröder Marc , Selbach Nathalie , Hollmann Rainer
Published: July 2023

In recent decades climate variability and change have caused impacts on natural and human systems on all continents. Observations are needed to understand and document these impacts and its causes. Such observations are increasingly based on remote sensing from satellites which offer global scale and continuous coverage. Only long-term and consistent observations of the Earth system allow us to quantify climate variability and change and their impacts on the natural and human dimension.
Since more than 20 years, the European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites (EUMETSAT) Satellite Application Facility on Climate Monitoring (CM SAF, https://www.cmsaf.eu) develops capabilities for a sustained generation and provision of Climate Data Records (CDRs) derived from primarily operational meteorological satellites. The product portfolio of the CM SAF comprises long time series of Essential Climate Variables (ECVs) related to the energy and water cycles as defined by the Global Climate Observing System (GCOS). Currently available CM SAF CDRs include, among others, surface and top of the atmosphere radiative fluxes, cloud products, surface albedo as well as latent heat flux/evaporation, precipitation and freshwater flux over the global ice-free oceans. The recent CDR versions cover the WMO reference period from 1991-2020, and several of the CM SAF CDRs even have a temporal coverage of more than 40 years. In order to serve applications with strong timeliness requirements, CM SAF also produces so-called Interim Climate Data Records (ICDRs), which are typically released within a few days of the observations. All products are well-documented, carefully validated and have been externally reviewed prior to product release.
After a short introduction to CM SAF and an overview of available and upcoming CDRs and ICDRs from CM SAF, the presentation will focus on new releases of CDRs and ICDRs of clouds and radiation. The product portfolio was enhanced to also include the surface radiation budget and recent retrieval developments rely on artificial intelligence techniques. Examples from validation and applications using CM SAF data records will also be introduced.
Swiss climate scenarios – an ongoing journey
Authors: Muelchi Regula , Booth Laura , Croci-Maspoli Mischa , Fischer Erich M. , Knutti Reto , Kotlarski Sven , Rajczak Jan , Schär Christoph , Scherrer Simon C. , Schnadt Poberaj Christina , Schwierz Cornelia , Seneviratne Sonia I. , Zubler Elias M.
Published: July 2023

Consistent and up-to-date national climate scenarios are an indispensable basis for public and private sectors to plan and design adaptation and mitigation measures. Regional or even local assessments of future climate change are therefore an important climate service. The latest edition of Swiss Climate Scenarios CH2018 was released in 2018 (www.climate-scenarios.ch). Overall, a further increase of mean temperatures is projected, accompanied by four highly impact-relevant facets: more intense and more frequent precipitation extremes, more intense and more frequent hot extremes, drier summers, and snow-scarce winters. Since the release of the CH2018 scenarios, science as well as user needs have evolved. Scientific advances such as those documented in the latest IPCC report (AR6) have been published and new high-resolution convection-permitting climate models have been developed. Thanks to our ongoing user engagement and consultancy, a more detailed landscape of user requirements was established. In the recently launched project Klima CH2025, identified gaps in the existing climate scenarios and additional user requirements will now be addressed. Similar to previous climate scenario generations, the new project is a joint effort involving the Federal Office of Meteorology and Climatology MeteoSwiss, ETH Zurich and further partners from academia and administration. The results of Klima CH2025 will be based on the existing CH2018 scenarios and will extend them with new scientific insights and products. Two main scientific questions will be addressed: 1) How can we better merge observations and model-based climate scenarios in order to provide consistent and temporally seamless information to serve user needs?; 2) What is the projected evolution of impact-relevant climate extremes in Switzerland and what are their underlying processes? Guided by these two questions, we will develop a range of new products, engage with stakeholders, plan active communication and dissemination. In this presentation, the general approach of Klima CH2025 as well as first results will be presented.