bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis Of the Impact of ESG Rating Divergence on Stock Returns
Authors: Zhang Xinran
Published: December 2024

With the increasingly serious problem of extreme climate, China's emphasis on sustainable development is increasing, and the ESG concept is gradually receiving attention from all sectors of society. Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) rating results have become an important reference for investors when making decisions, and enterprises also incorporate ESG decisions into their management. However, at present, the rating results of various ESG rating agencies at home and abroad are different, with significant differences, which interfere with investor judgment and also have a certain impact on the stock returns of enterprises. This article reviews the literature on ESG rating divergence and stock returns, summarizing and elaborating on investor sentiment and internal corporate governance, and draws relevant conclusions. The divergence in ESG ratings may lower the reputation of the company and the positive market expectations of investors, affecting the effectiveness of ESG rating information for the company, thereby reducing investor demand for the company's stocks and leading to a decrease in stock returns.
Exploration of the Transformation of University State-owned Asset Management under the Background of Big Data
Authors: He Haiyan
Published: December 2024

As big data technology is applied, the management of state-owned assets in colleges and universities must continually enhance its standards, shift management approaches, and appropriately optimize the existing resources of state-owned assets to continuously increase their application value. In the era of big data, the execution of state-owned asset management in colleges and universities must have a thorough understanding of the application status of big data technology. The utilization of big data technology can fully realize the value of state-owned assets within colleges and universities, and enhance the efficiency of asset management to some degree, perpetually diversifying the methods and tools of state-owned asset management. This represents the primary direction and trend in the development of state-owned asset management in colleges and universities. This paper aims to further elevate the level of state-owned asset management in colleges and universities by elaborating on and analyzing the reforms in this area under the backdrop of big data, thereby providing a solid foundation for the sustainable development of China’s higher education cause.
Camus and Mo Yan: A Cross-Cultural Perspective from "The Stranger" to "Red Sorghum Family"
Authors: Mao Bingbing
Published: December 2024

This paper explores the works of Albert Camus and Mo Yan from a cross-cultural perspective, focusing on their treatments of existentialism and rural literature. In works such as 'The Stranger' and 'The Plague,' Camus delves into the themes of individual isolation and alienation within an absurd world. 'Red Sorghum Family' by Mo Yan vividly captures the intricate tapestry of Chinese rural culture and its historical backdrop. A comparative analysis of Camus and Mo Yan not only uncovers the thematic, stylistic, and technical parallels and disparities but also illuminates the shared and divergent aspects of literary creation across distinct cultural milieus. This research not only has academic value but also supports mutual learning and inclusiveness among different cultures.
Neutrosophic decision making using Saaty's AHP method and VIKOR
Authors:   Regional Autonomous University of the Andes (UNIANDES-Ibarra), Ecuador, admin admin ,   Regional Autonomous Communities University of the Andes (UNIANDES-Ibarra), Ecuador,   Centro de Estudio de Matemática Computacional. Universidad de las Ciencias Informáticas, Cuba,   Tashkent State University of Economics, Uzbekistan, Crespo-Berti Luis A. Crespo , Fabiola Haro Teran Lilian , Turaeva Dinara
Published: December 2024

This study analyzes the difficulties that arise in multicriteria decision making in condition that bear uncertainty, ambiguity, and contradictions at the very core. The key issue is the shortage of instruments allowing for not only ranking of alternatives but also efficiently combining qualitative and quantitative information in management decision making. The relevance of this research is due to the growing number of critical situations in a variety of disciplines, including organizational management and public policies, which have a limited number of traditional methodologies and thus need more effective evaluation processes. Still, concerning such aspects as the integration of approaches that tend to discuss a lot of the quite fuzzy context in a structured and dynamic way, there are significant gaps in the existing literature. A methodological framework for managing uncertainties inherent in expert judgments and for prioritizing alternatives was developed through the integration of Saaty’s AHP method and the VIKOR approach from the perspective of neutrosophic logic. The results demonstrate that this integration not only improves the efficiency of ranking and selection of alternatives under complex environment but also enhances sensitivity to differences among evaluations. This progress is of central importance regarding practical implications of this advance, particularly in strategies design.
Utilizing Machine Learning for Predicting Lyme disease Trends and Enhancing Diagnostic Accuracy
Authors:   Computer Engineering and Control Systems Department, Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura University, Egypt, Ahmed Ahmed ,   Faculty of Computers and Information, Computer Science Department, Suez University, Egypt, Elshewey Ahmed M.
Published: December 2024

The present research investigates the role of machine learning models in forecasting the course of Lyme disease and improving diagnostics by looking for environmental, host and anthropogenic factors contributing to the rise and fall of the tick population and disease outbreaks. With the popularization of ecological models and artificial intelligence-based techniques such as neural networks and random forests, it has become possible to efficiently and accurately over various risk maps that relate to ticks' location and distribution, which is an essential aspect of improving public health management issues. These models integrate climate and demographic data as well as host-pathogen interaction data and help understand the distribution of high-risk areas and the dynamics of the diseases, thus facilitating the management of tick-borne illness. This approach also illustrates the significance of predictive diagnostics for early disease detection, allowing for interventions and preventive measures only on relevant population sub-groups. Ultimately, this study considers the possibilities machine learning offers in managing Lyme disease, articulating the implications of these conclusions for the preparedness for health emergencies on a more global scale.
Pendidikan Keuangan Untuk Mahasiswa: Tantangan dan Dampaknya terhadap Pengelolaan Keuangan Pribadi
Authors: Addin Syahrial , Hidayat Aris , Herawati Niken , Warpindyastuti Lady Diana
Published: December 2024

Literasi keuangan adalah kemampuan untuk memahami dan mengelola keuangan pribadi, yang semakin penting bagi mahasiswa di era ekonomi digital saat ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendalami pemahaman mahasiswa terhadap literasi keuangan serta faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pengelolaan keuangan mereka sehari-hari. Melalui pendekatan kualitatif, penelitian ini menggunakan metode wawancara mendalam dengan 20 mahasiswa dari berbagai latar belakang sosial dan ekonomi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat literasi keuangan mahasiswa masih rendah, terutama dalam aspek pengelolaan utang dan perencanaan keuangan. Temuan ini mengindikasikan perlunya pengembangan program edukasi literasi keuangan yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan mahasiswa. Oleh karena itu, perlu adanya upaya dari berbagai pihak untuk meningkatkan literasi keuangan di kalangan mahasiswa. Penelitian ini memberikan rekomendasi untuk lembaga pendidikan dan pembuat kebijakan untuk mengembangkan program literasi keuangan yang lebih efektif.
Implikasi Profesionalisme Guru Pendidikan Agama Islam (PAI) dalam Al-Qur’an Surat At-Taubah Ayat 122 Tentang Kewajiban Belajar
Authors: Mayarisa Diyah
Published: December 2024

The obligation of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) teachers to deepen religious knowledge, pursue knowledge, then practice and teach it to others involves all Muslims as educational subjects, both themselves, their families, and the surrounding community. The Qur'an Surah At-Taubah verse 122 emphasizes the importance of education and teaching. This study aims to find out the Professionaloanal implications of this verse emphasizing the division of roles and responsibilities among Muslims to benefit each other for survival. This research is a type of library research or literature research. The data sources that will be used in this study include (1) books and journals about the professionalism of PAI teachers, and (2) literature on the concept of education in Islam. The results of the analysis show that developing students' potential to acquire knowledge, understanding, and form patterns of behavior and independent personalities based on Islamic values. This verse also emphasizes the obligation of Muslims to deepen their knowledge, understand their respective roles, be responsible, and teach the knowledge gained to others
Standar Etika dan Tantangan Profesi Hukum Advokat di Era Digital
Authors: Ramadhan Realizhar Adillah Kharisma
Published: December 2024

This study discusses the role of ethics in the legal profession in Indonesia, as well as the challenges faced by this profession in the digital era. Professional ethics for lawyers serve as the main foundation in maintaining integrity, credibility, and public trust in the legal system. Based on an analysis of the lawyer’s code of ethics, Law Number 18 of 2003, and related regulations, this study identifies the importance of implementing ethical principles such as integrity, honesty, and competence in legal practice. Violations of the code of ethics, as seen in the electronic ID card (e-KTP) corruption case, can damage public trust in both the legal profession and the legal system. This research uses a normative approach with doctrinal analysis of regulations and legal literature. The findings show that, although the lawyer's code of ethics provides guidelines to maintain professionalism, the digital era presents new challenges that require adjustments in ethical practices. In conclusion, to maintain the integrity of the legal profession and public trust in the legal system, lawyers must uphold ethical principles, adapt to technological developments, and ensure consistent application of the code of ethics
Challenges and Performance of Novice Teachers: Basis for School Management Plan
Authors: Felisilda Angelito U. , Labitad Gina F. , Comon Jovit D.
Published: December 2024

Novice teachers face significant challenges, particularly in classroom and time management and adapting to diverse student needs, which can impact their effectiveness and job satisfaction. This study examined the factors influencing the performance of 400 novice teachers in Cagayan de Oro City’s Southwest I and II Districts during the 2023-2024 school year. Using a questionnaire and analyzing data through descriptive statistics, Pearson Correlation, and one-way ANOVA, the study found that many teachers entered the profession later, with a majority aged 41 or older, predominantly female, holding Teacher II positions, and having prior experience in private schools. Results highlight that strong classroom management and the ability to adapt to student diversity are key to a novice teacher’s success. Effective classroom management contributes to a positive learning environment, enhancing student engagement and achievement, while adapting to diverse needs fosters inclusivity and reduces disparities, helping teachers manage stress and avoid burnout. Recommendations urge school leaders to create supportive environments emphasizing time management, professional development, and community engagement, employing the School Management Plan to foster teacher growth. This holistic approach aims to empower novice teachers, ultimately improving their effectiveness and contributing to better student outcomes.
Mediating Effect of Reading Attitude on the Relationship Between Motivation and Academic Performance Among Students in the Filipino Subject
Authors: Caparos Princes Joy T. , Napil Melissa C.
Published: December 2024

The study aims to identify the mediating effect of reading attitude on the relationship between motivation and academic performance among students in the Filipino subject. Stratified random sampling was used to identify 333 students in grade 11 from three selected private institutions in Davao City, Davao del Sur, Region XI. The study used a quantitative research design and applied a descriptive-correlation technique. Meanwhile, the adopted survey questionnaire was validated and used to gather the data needed to conduct the study. Results revealed through weighted mean that the level of motivation and reading attitude among students in the Filipino subject were high while the academic performance rated very high. With the help of regression analysis, results proved that there was a significant relationship among variables. Thus, the med graph result showed that the last step was significantly reduced and remained significant, and partial mediation was achieved, which suggested that motivation and academic performance among students in the Filipino subject were mediated by the reading attitude. These findings indicate that students with high levels of reading attitude helped increase the level of motivation and improve the academic performance among students in the Filipino subject. Therefore, students will be more motivated. Students, school management, teachers, and institutions can use these findings to understand, support, and make interventions for the improvement of academic performance among students in the Filipino subject.
The Design and Development of an Error Tagging Tool using the Undergraduate Learner Translator Corpus Error Taxonomy
Authors: jasser Noha
Published: December 2024

Leaner translator corpus is a promising area in translation studies. Yet, they require a substantial, collaborative and continuous work in order to be designed, developed and exploited. One of the resources in this area is the Undergraduate Learner Translator Corpus (ULTC). It is a parallel, multilingual corpus with more than 55 mln word-tokens. It comprises a main corpus and sub-corpora. To make the corpus more useful, this paper describes the tool designed and developed for error-tagging the ULTC. A taxonomy has been developed for tagging erroneous as well as positive choices. The tool is web-based and user-friendly. Though the design of the tool is comprehensive and could be used across the corpus, it is currently applied on the main corpus En-ArLTC as a preliminary step, and to make certain the tool is valid.
The Role of Modifying Risk Factors as Well as Body Mass Index, Waist Circumference and Hip to Waist Ratio as Anthropometric Indicators and Parameters of Obesity in the Occurence of Stroke
Authors: Campara Merita , Djozic Edina , Kunic Suljo , Salkic Amra , Amidzic Amel , Skopljak Amira
Published: December 2024

Background: Evaluated values of body mass index (BMI), waist circumeference (WC) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) increase the risk of stroke, but the extent to which this is mediated by hypertension, diabetes, lipid status, smoking and alcohol consumption is not fully understood. Objective: The aim of this research is to examine the influence of modifying and non-modifying factors as well as obesity defined through BMI, WC and WHR on the occurrence of stroke. Methods: A total of 440 subjects were included in the cohort divided in to two groups. The first group were patients with stroke and another without stroke. We investigate modifable factor for stroke (hypertension (HTA), lipid status, diabetes mellitus (DM), smoking, alcohol consumption, educational status) as well as WHR, BMI and WC as determinants for obesitiy. Results: The majority of respondents in both groups had a secondary level of education. Smoking and alcohol consumption were slightly more prevalent in the group without stroke, while HTA and DM were slightly more prevalent in the group with stroke, but without a statistically significant difference. The largest number of respodents without stroke had HDL cholesterol values ​​in the range of optimal >1.5, 70.9%, while 35.5% of respodents with stroke had values ​​in the risk range, as well as 32.3% in the high risk range. LDL cholesterol values ​​were on average statistically significantly higher in the group of respodents with stroke - 3.77±1.29 compared to the values ​​in respodents without stroke - 3.20±1.20. The largest WC had patients with a hemorrhagic stroke 96.4 ± 15.5 cm. The average BMI was slightly higher in the group of patients with embolic stroke (28.5 ± 2.8) compared to patients with hemorrhagic stroke (28.4 ± 5.9) and thrombotic stroke (28.1 ± 4, 2). WHR was almost identical in all three types of stroke. Conclusion: There is correlation between modifable risk factor and obesity in stroke occurence.
Type and Significance of Transfunded Blood Products
Authors: Smajic Sabina , Zabic Aida , Jovic Svetlana , Mahmutovic Ahida , Delic Sunita , Husni Alma
Published: December 2024

Background: Blood transfusion is when blood and blood products are given to patients during medical treatment. Nowadays, transfusion centers worldwide constantly face the same challenge: how to provide sufficient quantities of high-quality and safe preparations for each patient at the right time. Objective: The aim of the study was to determine the number of transfused patients,the amount and type of blood products in the Polyclinic of Transfusion in the period from 01.01. to 31.12.2021. Methods: The data about the total number of blood donations, the number of blood products produced from whole blood, and the type of blood products issued, were retrospectively used from the available database of the information system Renovation Polyclinic of transfusion, University Clinical Centre Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Results: The study was carried out at the University Clinical Center Tuzla in the Polyclinic for Transfusion, in the period 01.01.2021–31.12.2021., where 29672 different blood preparations were given for the transfusion treatment of 5081 patients. In the same period, 14191 voluntary blood donors came to the Polyclinic for Transfusion of the University Clinical Center Tuzla 75.4% donated blood, and 24.6% of donors did not meet the requirements for donating blood. In the investigated period out of a total of 5,081 transfused patients, 27.4% received only one type of blood product, and even 72.6% of patients were transfused with several different blood products. Conclusion: According to our results, we can conclude that the maximum number of collected blood units is transfused, and some plasma preparations are even 86.3% more than collected, which leads us to the conclusion that it is necessary to maintain the continuity of the collection of blood supplies and to work on increasing the number of voluntary blood donors to ensure needed blood products for treatment of patients, and in the same time keep the minimum of blood reserve for extraordinary situation as was COVID-19 pandemic.
The Role of Law Enforcement Mechanisms in the Care of Occupational Health and Safety in the Workplace of Health Professionals in Kosovo
Authors: Xhemajli Albina , Rugova Naser , Donev Doncho
Published: December 2024

Background: Workplace health and safety are critical concerns for healthcare professionals, who are often exposed to various occupational hazards. Objective: The aim of the study was to analyze the effectiveness and impact of law enforcement mechanisms in ensuring occupational health and safety for healthcare professionals in Kosovo. Methods: Consist in conduct research on the role of law enforcement mechanisms in ensuring the occupational health and safety of healthcare professionals in Kosovo, using a qualitative methodology with questionnaires targeting the Health Inspectorate and Labor Inspectorate..Results: The study found that while laws and regulations for workplace safety in healthcare exist in Kosovo, their enforcement is inconsistent and often inadequate. Conclusion: The study concludes that the enforcement of workplace health and safety laws in Kosovo’s healthcare sector is inadequate, leading to unsafe working conditions for healthcare professionals.
The Functioning of Ethics Committees in Kazakhstan: Results and Recommendations
Authors: Fakhradiyev lldar , Shamsutdinova Alfiya , Kulkayeva Gulnara , Sarymsakova Bakhyt , Menlayakova Darina , Manatova Almira , Saussakova Saniya , Ibrayeva Anel , Tanabayeva Shynar , Munir Kerim
Published: December 2024

Background: Sixteen RECs were randomly selected from various institutions across Kazakhstan, representing both public and private sectors and covering biomedical and socio-behavioral research reviews. Objective: This research addresses a critical knowledge gap by providing empirical data on REC operations in Kazakhstan, facilitating a better understanding of how these committees align with international ethical standards and best practices. Furthermore, by situating our findings within the broader context of REC performance in LMICs, we aim to highlight specific challenges unique to Kazakhstan and propose evidence-based recommendations. Methods: Data were collected using a culturally adapted, semi-structured questionnaire based on a validated self-assessment tool. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data. Results: The overall average score for the RECs was 71.9% out of a possible 100%, indicating generally effective functioning but highlighting significant areas needing improvement. Strengths included well-established organizational aspects, diverse membership, and adequate educational training. However, weaknesses were identified in the thoroughness of protocol evaluations and resource allocation, with low scores in "Review of Specific Protocol Items" (33.7%) and "REC Resources" (56.2%). Additionally, 38.5% of RECs were not registered with national authorities, underscoring the need for improved regulatory oversight. Conclusion: While RECs in Kazakhstan demonstrate strengths in organizational structure and member training, critical gaps exist in protocol review processes and resource support. Targeted interventions - such as enhancing training programs for REC members, increasing funding and resources, and establishing a national accreditation system - are recommended to improve the quality of ethical oversight in research. Strengthening these areas will ensure comprehensive protocol reviews and better protection of research participants.
Effect of nano curcumin administration on IL-6 expression in placental organs and fetal weight exposed to stress during pregnancy in mice
Authors: Hendrawan Viski , Oktanella Yudit , Tuska Habib , Ichsan Intan
Published: December 2024

Background:
Stress can cause an increase in proinflammatory cytokines, IL-6, which plays a role in the inflammatory response and causes changes in the placenta, causing a low risk of the fetus being born. Giving nanocurcumin, which functions as an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant, is expected to reduce cortisol levels which increase during pregnancy.

Aim:
This study aims to determine the effect of stress during pregnancy on pregnant mice, namely IL-6 expression and fetal body weight.

Methods:
This study used 25 mice that were given 5 treatment groups, K(-) with no treatment, K(+) with an induced disturbance of 135 dB for 40 minutes with a continuous pattern, P1, P2, and P3 were given a disturbance of 135 dB for 40 minutes. with a continuous pattern and nanocurcumin doses of 14 mg/kg BW, 21 mg/kgBW, 24.5 mg/kgBW. IL-6 expression in placental organs was measured using immunohistochemistry and fetal body weight was weighed using a digital balance. Data analyzed using the Kruskal Wallis test and continued with the Parwise Comparison test.

Results:
The results of analysis of IL-6 expression in the placenta showed no significant difference in the P3 group compared to the negative control group. The results of fetal weight analysis showed no significant difference in groups P2 and P3 with the negative control group.

Conclusion:
The conclusion of this study is the administration of nanocurcumin in group P3 has been proven to increase IL-6 to a level comparable to the negative control group (p<0.05). Similarly, the administration of nanocurcumin in groups P2 and P3 can increase fetal weight to a level comparable to the negative control group (p<0.05)
Pendekatan Hukum Preventif dalam Pencegahan Korupsi di Aceh
Authors: Munawir Munawir , Salsabila Almas , Hidayati Raudhatul
Published: December 2024

Corruption is a major issue hindering development in many regions of Indonesia, including Aceh. As a region implementing Sharia Law, Aceh has a unique potential to integrate religious values into legal approaches to prevent corruption. This study aims to analyze how preventive legal approaches based on Sharia Law can be effectively implemented to combat corruption in Aceh. Using a qualitative method with a descriptive-analytical approach, data were collected through in-depth interviews, field observations, and document analysis. The study found that preventive legal approaches in Aceh face challenges, such as weak internal supervision and insufficient regulatory dissemination. However, integrating Sharia values with preventive legal strategies shows significant potential to create a transparent and accountable governance system. Regulations like Qanun need optimization through strict supervision and modern technological support. The study concludes that strengthening the capacity of law enforcement, involving religious leaders, and promoting legal awareness education are crucial for the success of this approach. This research contributes by offering a corruption prevention strategy that adapts to Aceh’s local characteristics and could serve as a model for other regions.
Upaya Pemerintah Terhadap Perlindungan Konsumen Berkaitan Dengan Pengembalian Uang Dengan Permen di Kabupaten Bireuen
Authors: Andrian Sri , Munawir  , Eriani Dian
Published: December 2024

Pengembalian uang menggunakan permen merupakan salah satu pelanggaran terhadap pasal 15 Undang Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1999 tentang Perlindungan Konsumen yang mengatakan bahwa pelaku usaha dalam menawarkan barang atau jasa dilarang melakukan dengan cara pemaksaan atau dengan cara yang lain yang dapat menimbulkan gangguan baik fisik maupun psikis terhadap konsumen. Para pelaku usaha mengembalikan uang mengunakan permen dengan unsur pemaksaan, konsumen terpaksa mengambil permen karena tidak adanya kembalian dan konsumen merasa dirugikan. Tujuan penelitian ini agar mengetahui pelanggaran pelaku usaha terhadap pengembalian uang menggunakan permen. Penelitian ini pendekatan menggunakan metode pendekatan yuridis empiris, dengan sumber data bahan hukum primer, sekunder maupun tersier setelah data terkumpul kemudian dianalisis secara analisis deskriptif jenis pengolahan data yang ditujukan untuk mengetahui keadaan yang sebenarnya serta diambil kesimpulan. Hasil dalam penelitian ini adalah pelaku usaha dapat dikenakan sanksi pidana sesuai dengan Pasal 62 ayat(1) Undang-Undang Perlindungan Konsumen apabila mengembalikan uang menggunakan permen dipidana dengan pidana penjara sekurang-kurangnya 2 tahun atau selama-lamanya 6 tahun atau denda paling banyak Rp.2.000.000.000.00 (dua milyar rupiah). Selain itu ada larangan tentang transaksi menggunakan alat tukar selain uang yang dikeluarkan oleh bank Indonesia yang di atur dalam Pasal 2 ayat (3) Undang–Undang Nomor 23 tahun 1999 tentang Bank Indonesia menyatakan bahwa setiap perbuatan yang menyatakan menggunakan uang atau mempunyai tujuan pembayaran atau kewajiban yang harus di penuhi dengan uang menggunakan uang rupiah. Dalam upaya penyelesaian kendala-kendala dalam perlindungan konsumen hendaknya pemerintah dapat lebih peka untuk mensosialisasikan Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1999, memberikan nasehat kepada konsumen yang memerlukan, menyebarkan informasi dalam rangka meningkatkan kesadaran atas hak dan kewajiban dan kehati-hatian konsumen dalam mengonsumsi barang atau jasa.
Menjual Ginjal Demi Memenuhi Kebutuhan Keluarga
Authors: Sulaiman Mursalin
Published: December 2024

Penjualan ginjal demi memenuhi kebutuhan keluarga merupakan topik yang mendalam dalam konteks hukum positif Indonesia dan fiqh sya̅fi’iyyah. Praktik ini menghadirkan kompleksitas hukum dan etika, mengingat larangan keras dalam hukum positif terhadap komersialisasi organ tubuh serta prinsip non-komersial dalam proses transplantasi organ. Dari hal tersebutlah penulis mengangkatnya menjadi sebuah penelitian dengan rumusan masalah yaitu: Bagaimana pandangan hukum positif dan fiqh syi’iyyah terhadap praktek penjualan ginjal dalam memenuhi kebutuhan keluarga, dan apa saja persamaan dan perbedaan antara hukum positif dan fiqh syi’iyyah mengenai penjualan ginjal dalam memenuhi keluarga. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pustaka dengan menggali teks hukum dan literatur fiqh sya̅fi’iyyah untuk menganalisis perbandingan hukum positif Indonesia dan fiqh sya̅fi’iyyah tentang penjualan ginjal. Hasil penelitian ini adalah: Pandangan hukum positif terhadap praktek penjualan ginjal dalam memenuhi kebutuhan sangat tegas dilarang, hal tersebut tertera dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 36 Tahun 2009. Pelanggaran ini dapat mengakibatkan sanksi pidana berat, dan profesi medis juga dilarang terlibat dalam praktek penjualan organ. Sebagai gantinya, hukum mendukung donasi organ sukarela melalui program transplantasi resmi. Pandangan fiqh syi’iyyah terhadap penjualan ginjal dalam memenuhi kebutuhan keluarga juga secara tegas melarangnya, karena hal ini melanggar prinsip perlindungan jiwa, kesehatan, dan kehormatan tubuh manusia. Praktik ini dianggap berisiko dan dapat mengakibatkan eksploitasi. Sebaliknya, fiqh sya̅fi'iyyah mendorong donasi organ secara sukarela dan ikhlas, serta menawarkan solusi alternatif seperti zakat, sedekah, wakaf, dan dukungan komunitas untuk mengatasi kesulitan finansial. Persamaan antara hukum positif dan fiqh sya̅fi'iyyah mengenai penjualan ginjal dalam memenuhi kebutuhan keluarga terletak pada larangan secara tegas terhadap praktik tersebut, Perbedaannya yaitu dalam sumber hukum yang digunakan, hukum positif mengacu pada undang-undang negara, sementara fiqh sya̅fi'iyyah berasal dari interpretasi hukum Islam oleh ulama. Selain itu, sanksi dan konsekuensi yang diterapkan juga berbeda, hukum positif memberlakukan sanksi pidana dan denda, sedangkan fiqh sya̅fi'iyyah lebih menekankan pada sanksi moral dan etika. Pendekatan terhadap solusi alternatif juga berbeda, di mana fiqh sya̅fi'iyyah cenderung mempromosikan nilai-nilai Islam seperti zakat dan sedekah, sementara hukum positif lebih fokus pada regulasi resmi terkait donor organ sukarela.
Pemanfaatan Uang Bansos PKH dalam Tinjauan Hukum Islam di Indonesia
Authors: Amiruddin Teungku
Published: December 2024

Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH) merupakan salah satu upaya pemerintah untuk mengentaskan kemiskinan dengan memberikan bantuan sosial bersyarat kepada keluarga kurang mampu. Namun, dalam implementasinya, masih ditemukan penyimpangan dalam pemanfaatan dana oleh Keluarga Penerima Manfaat (KPM), seperti pembelian barang elektronik yang tidak sesuai dengan tujuan program. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pemanfaatan dana PKH oleh KPM dalam perspektif hukum Islam. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi kepustakaan dengan mengumpulkan data dari sumber primer dan sekunder yang relevan, seperti dokumen kebijakan, buku, dan artikel ilmiah. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa penyimpangan dalam pemanfaatan dana PKH disebabkan oleh kurangnya pemahaman KPM terhadap tujuan program dan prinsip-prinsip hukum Islam, seperti amanah dan keadilan. Selain itu, lemahnya pengawasan dan edukasi terhadap KPM turut memperbesar potensi penyimpangan. Temuan ini mengindikasikan perlunya integrasi nilai-nilai syariah dalam pengelolaan dana bantuan sosial, penguatan sistem pengawasan, dan pendampingan berbasis nilai agama. Penelitian ini berkontribusi pada pengembangan pendekatan strategis dalam mengelola program bantuan sosial agar lebih efektif dan sesuai dengan prinsip keadilan sosial dan nilai-nilai Islam.
Research on the Application of Artificial Intelligence in Criminal Evidence Examination and Judgment
Authors: Zhu Wuting
Published: December 2024

The application of artificial intelligence in the field of criminal evidence review and judgment has significant advantages, which are conducive to improving the efficiency of case processing, enhancing the reasoning ability of judicial personnel, and preventing judicial corruption. However, artificial intelligence is still facing a series of problems in its practical application in this field, including the inability of artificial intelligence to simulate the assessing process of probative value, the imperfect construction of the criminal evidence database of artificial intelligence, and the lack of clarity of the subject of responsibility for the misjudgment of criminal evidence by artificial intelligence. To this end, a series of measures should be taken to address these challenges, including clarifying the use of artificial intelligence for auxiliary examination of probative value, optimizing the criminal evidence database for artificial intelligence, and insisting on the status of judicial personnel as the main body of responsibility.
Asuhan keperawatan pada pasien dengan Space Occupying Lession (SOL) di ruang rawat saraf pria Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah dr. Zainoel Abidin Banda Aceh
Authors: Syahputrik Windika Yulia , Darliana Devi , Bahri Teuku Samsul
Published: December 2024

Space Occupying Lesion (SOL) merupakan kondisi gangguan neurologis serius yang dapat menyebabkan morbiditas dan mortalitas jika tidak ditangani dengan baik. Tumor medula spinalis, merupakan jenis neoplasma yang  dapat menyebabkan gangguan pada sistem saraf pusat. Studi kasus ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan asuhan keperawatan pada pasien dengan SOL di ruang penyakit saraf pria pada tanggal 27 November hingga 3 Desember 2023. Pada pengkajian didapatkan data pasien usia 33 tahun mengalami batuk berdahak dengan pneumonia, nyeri tengkuk skala 7, tetraparese, kelemahan fisik, nafsu makan menurun disertai penurunan berat badan 21 kg, berkemih tidak tuntas, nokturia, serta BAB keras dengan frekuensi seminggu sekali. Masalah keperawatan yang diidentifikasi meliputi bersihan jalan napas tidak efektif, nyeri kronis, gangguan mobilitas fisik, defisit nutrisi, gangguan eliminasi urin, dan konstipasi. Intervensi dilakukan selama 7 hari, termasuk mengajarkan batuk efektif, fisioterapi dada, dan kolaborasi pemberian obat ekspektoran, melakukan manajemen nyeri berat dan kolaborasi pemberian anti nyeri, melatih ROM, memberikan makanan dalam porsi kecil tapi sering, dan manajemen eliminasi. Evaluasi menunjukkan bahwa masalah nyeri kronis, defisit nutrisi, dan konstipasi teratasi, bersihan jalan napas tidak efektif teratasi sebagian, serta gangguan mobilitas fisik dan eliminasi urin teratasi. Rekomendasi mencakup dukungan mobilisasi melalui latihan ROM pasif oleh pasien dan keluarga.
Morte e vida severina: um auto de natal pernambucano
Authors: Bernardo Carla da Penha
Published: December 2024

Tendo como leitmotiv a relação entre o Natal e a literatura, selecionamos o auto modernista brasileiro Morte e vida Severina, de 1955, do autor pernambucano João Cabral de Melo Neto, a fim de tecer considerações acerca da primordial questão sobre o papel da arte literária. Para tanto, adotamos uma práxis comparativista, colacionando o corpus literário a fragmentos de outros livros de diferentes épocas, a saber: o Auto da barca do Inferno e o Auto do Purgatório, do humanista lusitano Gil Vicente; o Auto da Compadecida, de Ariano Suassuna, outro modernista brasileiro; O Evangelho segundo Jesus Cristo, obra contemporânea do português José Saramago. Desse modo, pretendemos demonstrar que a peça cabralina, por um lado, guarda um acentuado diálogo com a tradição literária ibérica, mas, por outro, reafirma uma diferente visão representante de sua modernidade, sobretudo ao ressaltar o tema do Natal como sinônimo de vida, renovação e persistência humana. O texto se mostra, assim, como solidário aos severinos, ultrapassando, contudo, as questões do Humanismo de Gil ou do Neorrealismo, ao primar não apenas pelo social, mas também por questões mais existenciais do sujeito.
Resistência bacteriana em ambientes hospitalares: principais causas e impactos na saúde
Authors: Santana Elisabete Soares de , Assunção Elizamara da Silva , Assunção Robner Carlos Lopes , Tobias Diogo Felipe dos Santos , Borges Alex de Souza , Paula Elaine de , Névoa Ana Carolina de Lima Lopes , Queiroz Isabelle Maria Silva de
Published: December 2024

A resistência bacteriana em ambientes hospitalares é uma crescente preocupação de saúde pública, agravada pelo uso inadequado de antibióticos e práticas deficientes de controle de infecções. Em unidades de terapia intensiva (UTIs), o uso frequente de antibióticos favorece o surgimento de cepas resistentes, enquanto a automedicação fora do hospital introduz novos patógenos nesses ambientes. Além disso, falhas na adesão aos protocolos de higiene por parte dos profissionais de saúde contribuem para a disseminação de bactérias resistentes. A revisão destaca que hospitais com infraestrutura limitada enfrentam desafios adicionais para implementar medidas eficazes de controle de infecções. Estudos indicam que a educação continuada e o uso de diretrizes baseadas em evidências são fundamentais para a escolha apropriada de antibióticos. Investimentos em infraestrutura e programas de vigilância podem melhorar a gestão de infecções, assim como a colaboração entre instituições de saúde e órgãos governamentais. O estudo conclui que é essencial adotar estratégias abrangentes que incluam educação sobre o uso responsável de antibióticos, melhorias na infraestrutura hospitalar e uma cultura robusta de segurança do paciente. A resistência bacteriana exige uma abordagem integrada para reduzir infecções e assegurar um atendimento de saúde mais seguro e eficaz.
Evolving from Legacy Protocols: Transitioning from RIP and EIGRP to OSPF, IS-IS and BGP
Authors:   Principal Network Engineer Independent Scholar, Network Engineering, Bhagat Nikhil
Published: December 2024

With the advent of the internet and
growing complexity in the networking environment, old
protocols like Routing Information Protocol (RIP) or
Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP)
pose significant bottlenecks for modern businesses and
service providers. This paper provides an overview on
the evolution of RIP and EIGRP, its limitations as
Interior Gateway Protocols (IGPs), the benefits of
moving to newer and more powerful protocols such as
Open Shortest path First (OSPF), Intermediate System to
Intermediate System (IS-IS) and Border Gateway
Protocol (BGP). The paper further dives deep into
migration strategies from legacy protocols to OSPF or
ISIS. OSPF and IS-IS are considered the best enterprise
routing solutions and service provider routing solutions
respectively due to their scalability, performance and
flexibility. In addition, it highlights the importance of
BGP as an external gateway protocol to control routing
across autonomous systems. The findings aims to aid
network engineers in making educated decisions on
protocol implementation and migration efforts.
Keywords— RIP, OSPF, IS-IS, BGP, Migration
Strategies, Convergence time, Scalability.
MPLS vs. IPsec VPN: Choosing the Right Network Architecture for Enterprise WAN
Authors:   Principal Network Engineer Independent Scholar, Network Engineering, Bhagat Nikhil
Published: December 2024

The rapid expansion of the global
business has increased the demand for secure, resilient
and optimized WANs. Enterprises had traditionally
used Wide Area Network (WAN) technologies like
Multi-Protocol Label Switching (MPLS) or Internet
Protocol Security (IPsec) VPNs to link geographically
separated data centers. Each of these technologies
provides their own benefits, based on an
organization’s requirement and a combination of
performance, price and security needs. This paper will
dive deep to provide a comparative analysis between
MPLS and IPsec VPNs technologies and the
enterprise WAN scenarios in which these VPNs could
be deployed. The paper describes internet circuits,
their drawbacks, the benefit of MPLS circuits, and
how IPsec VPN can protect public internet circuits.
Last but not least, the paper aims to provide network
administrators with the necessary tools to choose an
appropriate circuit for their organization by
providing network architecture scenarios in which
MPLS or IPsec VPN over internet circuits is the best
choice.
Keywords— Internet Circuits, MPLS, IPSec VPN,
Tunnel, Budget, Reliability, Security.
Challenges of Introducing New Food Technologies to Market
Authors: Valluri Mohan
Published: December 2024

Abstract—The food industry is undergoing significant trans-
formation as new technologies are developed to meet evolving

consumer needs, improve sustainability, and enhance product
quality. However, introducing these innovative food technologies
to the market comes with a unique set of challenges. This paper
explores the challenges faced in bringing new food technologies to
market, focusing on consumer adoption and regulatory hurdles.
It also discusses strategies to navigate these obstacles and offers
insights into how companies can foster innovation while ensuring
compliance and gaining consumer trust.

Index Terms—Food Technology, Consumer Adoption, Regula-
tory Challenges, Innovation, Market Introduction
The Impact of Building Codes on HVAC Estimation: How Regulations Influence Cost and Design Choices
Authors: Anireddy Abhiram Reddy
Published: December 2024

Building codes are basics of the legal framework for building construction, building energy efficiency and building
operation. Through stipulated standards of performance, safety and environmental impact, these regulations
determine the shape of HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning) systems. With their impact on climate
change and race to achieve energy efficiency, codes are increasingly occupying more and more space in HVAC
system design and cost estimating. In this paper, we engage with how these key building codes (International Building
Code (IBC), International Energy Conservation Code (IECC) and ASHRAE standards) influence HVAC system
development. The challenge for contractors and engineers trying to comply with and satisfy these codes, as part of
the paper, is in balancing energy efficiency with safety and costs. Additionally, the paper offers insight on the long
term cost savings associated with compliance in operational savings and system longevity and benefit for enabling
technological advancement of HVAC as regulations drive it. Besides that, the paper also discusses future
development, including introducing smart HVAC systems, renewable energy technologies, and resilience strategies
for responding to climate change, to confirm that the building code adopts efficient, sustainable, and resilient HVAC
systems.
Keywords: Building codes, HVAC systems, energy efficiency, sustainability, indoor air quality (IAQ), cost
estimation, ASHRAE, International Energy Conservation Code (IECC), International Building Code (IBC), smart
HVAC systems, resilience.
Amplifying the Privacy Protection for the Distributed, Structured, and Concerted Data in the Healthcare
Authors: Ajay K. , Sathvika K. , Kumar M. Pavan , Kaurav Arun Singh
Published: December 2024

Machine learning has gained significant

importance in healthcare for enhancing decision-
making and improving predictions. However,

healthcare data is often distributed across various
locations, such as multiple hospitals, which presents a
challenge in analyzing this data while protecting
sensitive personal information. A new approach
ensures privacy during data analysis. We describe the
implementation of this method and evaluate its
performance using medical datasets. Our method
demonstrates how machine learning can be applied to
sensitive healthcare data while protecting and
safeguarding the privacy.
Optimal Tax Policy of a Stage Structured Prey Predator Fishery: A Dynamic Reaction Model
Authors: Guria Das Srabani , Sarkar Sanchita , Sinha Angshu Kumar , Samanta Aniruddha
Published: December 2024

In a fully dynamic model of an open-access fishery, the level of fishing effort expands or contracts according as
the perceived rent (i.e., the net economic revenue to the fishermen) is positive or negative. A model reflecting
this dynamic interaction between the perceived rent and the effort in a fishery is called a dynamic reaction
model. In this paper, we study a dynamic reaction model, in which the prey species is subjected to harvesting
in the presence of predator and it is assumed that an external agency regulates the fishery by imposing a
suitable tax per unit biomass of landed fish. The fishing effort is taken as a dynamic variable depending on
the capital invested in the fishery. The steady states and their stability are studied. The problem of the
optimal tax policy is solved by Pontryagin’s maximum principle keeping the ecological balance.
Keywords: Fisheries, Dynamic reaction, Prey-Predator system, harvesting, taxa- tion.
Examination of Risk Management Strategies for the Use of Future and Spots Prices of Agricultural Commodities
Authors: Hegde Tejaswi , K.S Dr. Ganesha
Published: December 2024

This study examines risk management strategies for agricultural commodities using futures and spot markets. The
research analyzes price trends, investigates the relationship between futures and spot prices, assesses the impact
of futures contracts on risk management, and analyzes the risk-return tradeoff of using futures in selected
agricultural commodities. Using 3-5 years of historical price data for cardamom, mentha oil, CPO bales, cotton,
and natural rubber, the study employs quantitative analysis including descriptive statistics, regression, correlation,
and Sharpe ratio calculations. Results show significant price volatility, strong positive correlations between
futures and spot prices, and a significant positive effect of futures contracts on risk management metrics. Natural
rubber and mentha oil offer the most attractive risk-adjusted returns. The findings highlight the importance of
futures markets in managing agricultural price risks and provide insights for developing effective risk
management strategies in the sector.
Keywords: Agricultural commodities, futures markets, risk management, price volatility, hedging strategies