bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Racial Differences in Perceptions of Shared Leadership Among IT Managers
Authors: Petrie Eugene J. , Nieto Auslyn G. , Andrews Kate
Published: May 2021

In the last decade, leadership researchers have demonstrated greater interest in the concept of shared leadership, perhaps due to increasing globalization and changes in organizational cultures. This leadership style, based on inclusivity, may replace traditional structures of hierarchical leadership, or exist as a complement. Despite potential benefits, unspoken power dynamics may prevent shared leadership from being completely inclusive. Guided by three research questions and explored via an online survey, this quasi-experimental study investigated significant racial differences in the levels of overall shared leadership among IT managers of different races, specifically White, Black, Asian, and other. Descriptive statistics and an analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to examine the responses of 200 LinkedIn IT managers employed within the United States. Findings revealed that shared leadership did not differ across racial lines, and IT managers who engage in shared leadership may maintain their competitive edge in this ultracompetitive field.
Benefits of a Liberal Arts Education on Effective Business Communication
Authors: Wilson Rachel , Reboulet Amanda
Published: May 2021

With the growing popularity of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) degrees, it is important to understand the value of a business degree coupled with a liberal arts education. Business degrees provide one with a multitude of beneficial skills including analytical thinking, problem solving, decision making, critical thinking, and project management. When coupled with a liberal arts education, business degrees become even more powerful providing young professionals with a competitive advantage by creating a more well-rounded individual with a broader education base. In addition to the benefits of a business degree, the liberal arts education provides increased leadership skills, creativity and innovation, adaptability, and both richer native communication and foreign language skills. This chapter focuses on how a liberal arts education provides one with more pronounced, stronger communication skills both written and orally, which directly provides value to businesses.
Driving Insights via Processes of Socioemotional Being and Becoming
Authors: Hayes Catherine , Corrie Ian , Rowland Toby Lloyd
Published: May 2021

Being able to transcend disciplinarity in the development of effective strategies for the communication of insights in business is pivotal to progressive development and dynamic processes of change management. The unique cultural and situational specificity of military life has a long recognised and multifactorial impact on lives lived in active service, and veteran retirement is the focus of this chapter. This is highlighted via a consideration of how understanding the nature of ‘self' is epistemologically determined by human capacity to make meaning of experience, to reflect on the pre-existing of historical memories, and perhaps, most significantly of all, to formulate a reflexive and proactive response to the future. The situated nature of military service provides the chapter with a means of examining the fundamental nature of knowledge and ways of knowing, interpretation, and processes of meaning making transcend several fields of individual knowledge, such as philosophy, social science, medical science, psychology, and faith.
Reflections of Faculty Teaching Online During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Akella Devi , Rolla Krishna Priya , Sharma L. Shashikumar
Published: May 2021

To survive the onslaught of coronavirus pandemic all higher education institutions (HEI)s worldwide had to move their educational services to either a hybrid modality or a completely online platform. This shift in teaching modalities, placed the faculty members under a relentless pressure to adopt and adapt, to transform themselves into proficient online educators. How did this process of adjustment take place? How did the faculty members acclimatize to their new virtual classrooms? What dilemmas and choices were faced by the faculty members? are questions lacking empirical insights. Yet if this lacuna were overcome, it would provide “real life” insights pertaining to LMS systems, technological tools and apps, and psychological and social isolations which could impede the quality of teaching and learning. This chapter integrates autoethnographic narratives of three faculty members to “recreate the new normal” for HEIs worldwide.
A Theoretical Perspective of Inequities in Online Learning/Education Based on Generational Differences
Authors: Chitiyo Rufaro A. , Nyemba Florence
Published: May 2021

Online learning has been on the rise during the 21st century. Both instructors and students enjoy the flexibility of teaching and learning from anywhere they choose. The emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic at the beginning of 2020 forced institutions of higher education around the globe to rely on technology to deliver education whether the institutions, instructors, and students were ready or not. The spread of the virus dictated the quick adoption of remote delivery of education. In this chapter, the authors provide a brief history of traditional learning theories followed by an assessment of their applicability to online education. Next is a delineation of the roles played by both instructors and students in online higher education. Furthermore, they explore generational differences in online learning (i.e., based on existing literature, what generational differences are evident with learning online and delivering content online?). At the end of the chapter, they provide the reader with implications/recommendations for the successful delivery of online learning/education.
Preparing Future Teachers for the Challenges of the Digital Learner
Authors: Miller Mark S. , Poyo Susan R. , Ash George , Giannamore Kathleen
Published: May 2021

With the recent pandemic, a rapid shift from traditional classroom learning to online learning has educators scrambling for resources, tips, and training tools to make the transition as smooth as possible for all involved. Traditional classroom teachers have been trained on various teaching strategies and how to apply teaching excellence standards to their physical classrooms. However, the training often falls short when transferring these same strategies and standards to online learning. This chapter aims to expand upon the work of Chickering and Gamson to provide those resources necessary to promote this transfer of skills. The application of prior research, along with some practical suggestions, will help K–12 educators, administrators, and educator preparation programs (EPPs) apply these standards of teaching excellence to virtual environments.
Emergency Remote Teaching and Learning (ERTL) During COVID-19
Authors: Mensah Esi Akyere , Blankson Isaac Abeku , Loglo Frank Senyo , Freeman Emmanuel
Published: May 2021

In response to the surging COVID-19 pandemic, the government of Ghana shut down all schools on March 16th, 2020. This compelled many higher education institutions globally and in Ghana to adopt emergency remote teaching and learning (ERTL) to ensure continuity of academic work. This chapter chronicles the experiences of Ghana Communication Technology University (GCTU) with the ERTL from March 2020 to date. Specifically, the chapter discusses what they did as an institution in terms of ERTL from the perspective of management, faculty, and support services. In this chapter, the authors provide a chronology of experiences with ERTL, the rationale behind actions taken, the mode of implementation, as well as the results of ERTL for faculty and students. Based on these experiences, the chapter advocates for the adoption of the pragmatism, accessibility, content, context, and empathy (PACCE) framework as a useful heuristic tool in ensuring equity and effectiveness of ERTL.
Inequality and Access to Online Education During a Global Crisis
Authors: Ntuli Herbert , Muchapondwa Edwin , Ntuli Victor , Mangwende Lina
Published: May 2021

The impact of inequality and technology on access to online education has received tremendous attention within the past two decades from researchers across the globe. What remains under-researched is the knowledge of how shocks such as the COVID-19 pandemic affect access to online education. The main objective of the study was to examine inequality in accessing online education in the context of a crisis in a developing region. A mixed-method approach was used to collect and analyze online survey data based on 393 undergraduate students from six countries in Southern Africa. Both observable and hidden inequality sources such as income and participation in household chores compromise the quality of online education. A shift from face-to-face teaching to online education is likely to result in learning difficulties and deterioration in the quality of education. Policies such as the provision of free data improve the learning experience by reducing inequality. Therefore, decision-makers should take into consideration inequality in designing policies and strategies during a crisis.
Enhancing Students' Online Experiences
Authors: Korres Maria Pavlis
Published: May 2021

During the COVID-19 pandemic, many educational institutions offering mainly face-to-face courses were forced to switch to online ones. This chapter presents a compilation of good practices adopted during the synchronous online lessons carried out via Skype for Business in two undergraduate courses at the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki. The results of the summative evaluation, obtained through questionnaires at the end of the semester, as well as through formative evaluation throughout the semester, support that using the proper communication and collaborative tools, increasing interaction, immediacy, and intimacy with the instructor, and developing an atmosphere of respect, trust, and collaboration, could immerse students in an interactive synchronous online experience and help them develop a positive attitude towards online learning. An exceptional issue, pointed out by most of the students, was the online presence of “Carrot,” the instructor's cat, that enhanced student-teacher and student-student immediacy and intimacy.
Re-Envisioning and Restructuring E-Learning Through Engagement With Underprivileged Communities
Authors: Ndhlovu Nomvula J. , Goosen Leila
Published: May 2021

The purpose of this study was answering questions regarding the impact of effectively using information and communication technologies (ICTs) in classrooms on re-envisioning and restructuring e-learning through engagement with schools in underprivileged communities. Its importance is justified regarding positioning disrupted pupils' education towards the development agenda in South Africa. It draws on the latest findings and is located within relevant conceptual/theoretical frameworks on ICTs for teaching and learning. In quantitative aspects of the research design, issues of reliability and validity were considered, while in qualitative aspects, issues of dependability and interpretation were important. Results presented showed that laptops, smartboards, projectors, cell phones, desktops, printers, and iPads were used effectively in classrooms. A discussion of the results suggests solutions and making recommendations that are applicable and useful. In conclusion, ICTs had a positive impact on pupils' education, by helping them to concentrate and understand difficult concepts.
Broke and Book-Bound
Authors: Watts Jay , Brown Gisele , Couch II Michael A.
Published: May 2021

Education has been historically branded as a tool to transcend conditions that have aided and abetted systems of generational and societal inequities. During a global pandemic, there has been no greater challenge to this view than considering the impact of life-altering events and their implications on higher education, success, and thriving. Specifically, the COVID-19 crisis has put this health-based issue on an international stage, but more specifically, spotlighting how it has exacerbated issues such as poverty, hunger, homelessness, and educational attainment. This chapter will examine the existing literature around the issue of global pandemics on college attainment for college students who are resource and access-gapped and best practices to consider to support holistic success during a global pandemic.
Strategies for Virtual Online Student Support in the First-Year Economics Unit During the Global COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Medhekar Anita , Saha Sreeparna
Published: May 2021

Online internet-based education and virtual teaching and learning have been forced upon the world due to coronavirus global pandemic healthcare crisis. Various internet and communication technology-assisted virtual delivery platforms are used, such as Zoom, Microsoft Teams, Google Hangouts, Skype, etc., to conduct lectures, tutorials, workshops, and provide online support to students. The main objective of this chapter is to reflect and compare the teaching and learning strategies in normal situation in contrast with the practice during COVID-19 environment. The chapter formalises an analysis of the challenges faced by lecturers in teaching and delivering first-year economics unit to the students, at the two institutions, and its impact on their learning of the economics core unit offered at the undergraduate Bachelor of Business program.
Thriving Through Relationship Building
Authors: McClendon Tréon D. , Douglas Taurean M.
Published: May 2021

The United States of America is facing a global crisis (COVID-19) that has forced a significant strain on the academic structure and learning environments. From an institutional perspective, this requires more innovation in the approach and well-being of students, especially first-year students. This chapter addresses how living learning centers aided in the support and academic success of students during a global pandemic. The aim of this chapter is to provide an overview of how LLCs can impact the success of students as they transition and acclimate to the college setting as first year students. This chapter will also discuss how LLCs can enhance student success efforts in all capacities at institutions across the country.
Nocturnal Paris by Restif de la Bretonne
Authors: Recalcati Roberto
Published: May 2021

The aim of this study is to investigate the nocturnal urban world that Restif de la Bretonne depicted in the second half of the 18th century when Paris became the centre of European cultural life. Louis Sebastian Mercier and Restif de la Bretonne are the two authors that more than any others dedicated their lives and their works to Paris and the costumes of its urban life, and their work is the basis of a literary journey that reaches us. Restif, in particular, can be considered, a sort of sociologist, who scientifically analyses the facts from the inside, becoming an active part of the story. With his novel Les Nuits de Paris ou le Spectateur Nocturne, published in several volumes between 1788 and 1794, Restif inspired several writers of the 19th and 20th centuries. By reading his extensive chronicle of Parisian nights we can not only taste the atmosphere of that vanished Paris, but we can also find a source of inspiration for our time, for our contemporary urban life.
Nocturnal Urban Sociology and Light Sobriety
Authors: Houel Nicolas , Lescop Laurent , Joly Dany
Published: May 2021

Associated with the definition of the lighting development coherence scheme of the metropolis of Nantes, France, this chapter contributes to identifying the stakes of better energy and light sobriety in the management of its public lighting park. The research focuses on how to raise awareness and involve the users of public spaces in the evaluation and production of nocturnal ambiances. It includes an experimentation of field survey dedicated to the evaluation and iteration of a method for the collection of sensitive indicators. Beyond its analytical part, this chapter proposes an unprecedented digital mapping tool to in real time collect physical and sensitive indicators. The research addresses the concept of expertise of use, complementary of political and technical ones that currently govern public lighting. The results confirmed that the pedagogy of light sobriety, regarding the challenge of energy and light sobriety originally pursued through an approach of awareness to street lighting for users, is ultimately determinant in the renewal of street lighting policies.
Nightlife in the City of Nawabs
Authors: Salman Mohammad , Siddiquee Tahir Abdul Rahman , Nasir Mohd. , Abdulla Amir
Published: May 2021

The nightlife provides a place where people from different backgrounds or co-ethnic communities can interact or even be around with different people to build a sense of satisfaction to allow people to spend quality time with their friends and relatives. The concept of nightlife recreation is not new in Indian society; however, the pattern of usability of nightlife culture is transforming with respect to the current situation where the majority of the activities are influenced by the Western world. In this study, the authors discussed the current status of nightlife on the heritage street of Hazratganj, which had gone through a complete makeover in the year 2010 on the occasion of completing 200 years of its establishment. And in extension to that, the authors tried to find public opinion through a survey questionnaire to understand the gaps causing restrictions to accept the nightlife culture.
Collaborative Decision Making in Emergencies by the Integration of Deterministic, Stochastic, and Non-Stochastic Models
Authors: Shmelova Tetiana
Published: May 2021

The author makes an analysis of the ICAO documents on risk assessment. To determine the quantitative characteristics of risk levels, models for decision-making (DM) by the operators (pilots, air traffic controllers, engineers) under risk and uncertainty have been developed. The new methodology includes the process of integration deterministic, stochastic, and non-stochastic uncertainty models. Application of artificial intelligence (AI) models for the organization of collaborative decision making (CDM) by all aviation operators using individual models based on general information on the flight. The CDM models involve an uninterrupted process of presenting information, ensuring the synchronization of decisions, and the exchange of information an acceptable level of efficiency and safety were obtained. Models of multi-stage DM in risk conditions are presented taking into account threats at the stages of development of the situation. In addition, the chapter presents some examples of DM in an emergency (light strike) by the author and students at National Aviation University, Ukraine.
Apprising Trust Key Management in IoT Cross-Layer Framework
Authors: Jain Rachna
Published: May 2021

Internet of things (IoT) networks is the buzzword these days in Industry 4.0. IoT nodes are resource constrained and should be light enough to minimize the power consumption. IoT paradigm does not depend on human intervention at each and every step. There is a need of “trust” between communicating entities. Devices at physical layer are vulnerable to various attacks such as denial of service (DoS) attack, wormhole attack, etc. Trust becomes more important when vulnerability of attacks increases to the devices. This establishment of trust helps in handling risks in a controlled way in unpredicted situations as well as providing better services at infrastructure level. Social environments can evaluate trust while seeing the relationship between interacting parties; however, in service-oriented industries quality of service (QoS) parameters must be maintained while evaluating trust. So, in this chapter a unique metric expected transmission count (ETX) is employed for implementing QoS while evaluating trust between interacting entities using Cooja simulator.
State of the Art Review of IIoT Communication Protocols
Authors: Shetty Shruthi H. , Rao Ashwath , Gatti Rathishchandra R.
Published: May 2021

Internet of things (IoT) guarantees an incredible future for the internet where the sort of correspondence is machine-machine (M2M). This arising standard of networking will impact all aspects of lives going from the computerized houses to smart IoT-based systems by implanting knowledge into the articles. This chapter intends to give an exhaustive outline of the IoT, IIoT situation and audits its empowering innovations. And finally, applications resulting from IoT/IIoT that facilitate daily needs are discussed.
Security and Privacy Issues in Smart Cities
Authors: Koshy Aditya Sam , Fatima Nida , Alankar Bhavya , Kaur Harleen , Chauhan Ritu
Published: May 2021

The world is going through growth in smart cities, and this is possible because of a revolution of information technology contributing towards social and economic changes and hence endowing challenges of security and privacy. At present, everything is connected through internet of things in homes, transport, public progress, social systems, etc. Nevertheless, they are imparting incomparable development in standard of living. Unified structure commits to welfare, well-being, and protection of people. This chapter surveys two consequential threats, that is, privacy and security. This chapter puts forward review of some paperwork done before consequently finding the contributions made by author and what subsequent work can be carried out in the future. The major emphasis is on privacy security of smart cities and how to overcome the challenges in achievement of protected smart city structure.
Smart IoT Systems
Authors: Chauhan Ritu , Avasthi Sandhya , Alankar Bhavya , Kaur Harleen
Published: May 2021

The IoT or the internet of things started as a technology to connect everyday objects over the internet, which has evolved into something big and invaded into every single aspect of our lives. As technology is gaining momentum, IoT-based smart devices usage among users is expanding, which generates massive data at our disposal across various domains. The authors have systematically studied the taxonomy of data analytics and the benefits of using advanced machine learning techniques in converting data into valuable assets. In the studies, they have identified and did due diligence on different smart home systems, their features, and configuration. During this course of study, they have also identified the vulnerability of such a system and threats associated with these vulnerabilities in a secure smart home environment.
Expert Commentary on New Opportunities and Challenges for Women Within Saudi Distance Education Institutions
Authors: Walabe Eman , Luppicini Rocci
Published: May 2021

Access to post-secondary education is an essential condition for advancing women's leadership opportunities. This chapter provides an expert commentary on how distance education in Saudi Arabia contributes to the advancement of female leadership opportunities by providing women greater access to education and new opportunities for leadership roles. However, despite the new opportunities that distance education offers to Saudi women, there are pervasive challenges that hinder them from acquiring leadership roles in education. The expert commentary draws on professional experience and research to provide insight into the advantages and disadvantages of distance education to prepare Saudi women to be leaders in higher education. It also offers recommendations on how to better leverage distance education experience for female students and instructors by applying the rules of netiquette in Saudi online learning environments.
Mentoring Faculty Through the Glass Ceiling at HBCUs
Authors: Quarles Audrey McCrary
Published: May 2021

The mission of this chapter is to discuss the glass ceiling and the contributing factors that seem to impact faculty members at HBCUs continuously; provide insight on effective strategies to avoid pitfalls, and to provide helpful recommendations to advance to new grounds once the glass ceiling becomes unbreakable. While steps have been made to examine the impact of a positive environment, the individual is ultimately responsible for personal growth in their chosen environment.
Creating Inclusive Cultures for Women in Automation and Information Technology Careers and Occupations
Authors: Burrell Darrell Norman , Diperi Dawn Lee , Weaver Rachel M.
Published: May 2021

Automation will be central to the next phase of business technology transformation, driving new levels of customer value such as faster delivery of products, higher quality and dependability, deeper personalization, and greater convenience. This business transformation phase will require workers with new skills at all levels. There are significant shortages of women in leadership job roles in information technology and automation. There are also significant disparities with pay and opportunities for women in those fields. As a result, it is critical to understand the organizational cultural change strategies that information technology (IT) and automation companies can make to employ more females in information technology and automation positions and address gender pay issues and gender exclusivity issues currently existing in today's workplace. This article intends to influence the world of practice through the execution of a literature review content analysis.
Design and Implementation of Smart Classroom Based on Internet of Things and Cloud Computing
Authors: Zhang Kai
Published: May 2021

With the development of emerging technology innovations such as the internet of things, classroom management has also shown an informatization trend. Among them, smart classrooms are an important part of the current university information environment construction. The purpose of this article is to build a smart classroom into an intelligent teaching environment with many functions such as intelligent perception and identification, real-time monitoring based on the internet of things technology and cloud computing technology. A questionnaire survey was conducted among freshman students in some majors, and interviews were conducted with the instructors. It was found that 92.19% of the students were satisfied with the classroom learning in the smart classroom environment, and most teachers thought that the teaching effect had been improved. Experiments have proven that the operation of smart classrooms based on the internet of things and cloud computing realizes the intelligence of teaching management services and improves the level of education informationization in schools.
E-Commerce Model Oriented to Cloud Computing and Internet of Things Technology
Authors: Tang Guanghai , Zeng Hui
Published: May 2021

In recent years, the number of e-commerce netizen users in China has grown dramatically, and e-commerce users who shop online have also grown rapidly. In this competitive environment, the rapid development of e-commerce has also risen rapidly. Therefore, it is very necessary to actively carry out research on e-commerce models for cloud computing and internet of things technology. The purpose of this article is mainly to explore the research on e-commerce model for cloud computing and internet of things technology and establish a model for cloud computing and internet of things. It has data mining and distribution functions to test multiple indicators such as cloud computing facilities and enterprise performance. The research results show that the number of complaints on the e-commerce model based on cloud computing and internet of things technology is 2,368; the number of complaints on the B2B e-commerce model is 19,955; the number of complaints on the B2C e-commerce model is 5,016; the number of complaints in C2C e-commerce was 51,854.
Freedom of Expression and the Right to Privacy and Ethics in Dialectic of Human Rights in This Complex and Turbulent Society
Authors: Rascão José Poças , Poças Nuno Gonçalo
Published: May 2021

The article is about human rights freedom of expression, the right to privacy, and ethics. Technological development (internet and social networks) emphasizes the issue of dialectics and poses many challenges. It makes the theoretical review, the history of human rights through and reference documents, an analysis of the concepts of freedom, privacy, and ethics. The internet and social networks pose many problems: digital data, people's tracks, the surveillance of citizens, the social engineering of power, online social networks, e-commerce, spaces of trust, and conflict.
A Technology Adoption Model for Mobile-Enabled Government Services
Authors: Goyayi Maria Lauda Joel , Subramanium Prabhakar Rontala
Published: May 2021

The article centers its argument on a lack of a comprehensive model to explain individuals' adoption of m-government services. Features peculiar to m-government due to mobility—mobile technology effect, choice over alternative channels, and service cost burden to citizens—are among the determining factors for service quality, and adoption is not captured in prior models. Consequently, this article proposes a model that extends UTAUT2 and incorporates aspects from other two knowledge domains, technology domestication, and technology use and gratification domain. The proposed model is evaluated for its validity and reliability through data collected using a questionnaire from 396 randomly sampled residents of Dar es Salaam. The study contributes both theoretically and empirically to knowledge regarding technology adoption by incorporating new variables and extending variable definition for a richer and versatile analysis.
Ranking Influential Nodes of Fake News Spreading on Mobile Social Networks
Authors: Xing Yunfei , Wang Xiwei , Wang Feng-Kwei , Shi Yang , He Wu , Chang Haowu
Published: May 2021

Online fake news can generate a negative impact on both users and society. Due to the concerns with spread of fake news and misinformation, assessing the network influence of online users has become an important issue. This study quantifies the influence of nodes by proposing an algorithm based on information entropy theory. Dynamic process of influence of nodes is characterized on mobile social networks (MSNs). Weibo (i.e., the Chinese version of microblogging) users are chosen to build the real network and quantified influence of them is analyzed according to the model proposed in this paper. MATLAB is employed to simulate and validate the model. Results show the comprehensive influence of nodes increases with the rise of two factors: the number of nodes connected to them and the frequency of their interaction. Indirect influence of nodes becomes stronger than direct influence when the network scope rises. This study can help relevant organizations effectively oversee the spread of online fake news on MSNs.
Current Trends in Research in Agriculture
Authors: Mahaliyanaarachchi Rohana P
Published: May 2021

-NO ABSTRACT AVAILABLE-
Development of Ready to Eat Fish Paste Using Chub Mackerel (Scomber japonicus) Tail Off cuts
Authors: Samarakoon H.M.M.C. , Patabandi P.P.S.K. Patabandi , Walpita C.N. , Priyadarshana M.K.C. , Udayathilake E.
Published: May 2021

Purpose: The Scomber japonicas (Chub mackerel) is one of the popular marine fish species used in canning industry yet the production of fish tail off cuts during canning process considered as a waste leaving the significant loss to the manufacturer. The present study was focused on the development of a ready to eat fish paste using chub mackerel tail off cuts.Research Method: Fish paste was prepared using three (03) different recipes. Minced fish tail off cuts were incorporated at 63.5, 51.1 and 61.1% with spices and other ingredients added accordingly. To find the best recipe for chub mackerel, physicochemical properties, definite sensory attributes, stability and the safety of the fish pastes were examined.Findings: Recipe 03 incorporated with 61.1% of minced fish had the highest overall acceptability together with maximum scores for flavour, colour and texture. Further, recipe 03 had the highest crude protein and lowest crude fat percentage. The pH of all fish pastes shown to have a significant reduction during the first 08 weeks nevertheless the values were within the acceptable level. Lowest free fatty acid content was also detected in recipe 03 while peroxide value was insignificant in all the recipes. Moreover, Clostridium botulinum was not detected in fish pastes which assured the safety of the end product during 08 weeks of storage at room temperature.Research Limitation: The shelf life of the prepared fish pastes were not tested for a longer period.Originality/Value: Chub mackerel tail off cuts can be successfully used to produce a ready to eat fish paste as a value-added fish product while minimizing the waste of edible by-products.
Driven Factors for Purchasing Decision and Satisfaction of Organic Rice Consumers on Supermarket – A study in Indonesia
Authors: Kusno Kuswarini , Liandy Risty Septian , Mukti Gema Wibawa , Sadeli Agriani Hermita
Published: May 2021

Purpose: Organic rice demand in Indonesia continues to increase and market opportunities are also increasingly widespread. Therefore, consumers can have a choice over various organic rice products. This study was conducted to identify characteristics of organic rice consumers, purchase decision process, analyze organic rice attributes and consumer satisfaction. The aim of the study is to obtain the main driven factor that could be used as an important consideration for the organic rice business.Research Method: The research design was quantitative with a survey of 75 respondents which were randomly drawn. Data were analyzed using frequency distribution to describe consumer characteristics and purchasing decision process, Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) to identify the attributes that consumers considered and Consumer Satisfaction Index (CSI) to identify the level of consumer satisfaction.Findings: Organic rice consumers were dominated by housewives who are high-educated, middle aged, and who have an upper-middle income with an average of USD 797.72/month. The main reason of consuming organic rice was its sweet taste. The benefits of organic rice was known through print and electronic media. Organic rice prices ranged from USD 2.07/kg to USD 3.25/kg and average purchase was 6 kg per month. Moreover, the most expensive organic rice was the one that has a low glycemic index. Even though the price was rising, consumers keep purchasing organic rice they normally consume. Of 12 attributes, only price affordability was not in line with the consumer expectations. Overall, consumers were very satisfied as indicated by the value of CSI = 83.28%. The results conclude that price affordability was the main driven factor and could be used as an important consideration for the organic rice business.Originality/Value: It is very important to analyze factors that consumers considered in buying organic rice, because the results can be used as an important consideration for the organic rice business.
Exercise, nutrition and enzyme replacement therapy are efficacious in adult Pompe patients: report from EPOC Consortium
Authors: Angelini Corrado
Published: May 2021

Pompe Disease, also known as glycogenosis type 2, is due to deficiency in lysosomal alpha- glucosidase, a lysosomal hydrolase, which presents infantile and late onset subtypes (LOPD). The myopathy in LOPD can be reversed by Enzyme Replacement Therapy (ERT), but might benefit from a concomitant low carbohydrate - high protein diet and aerobic exercise treatment. From 65 Late onset Pompe cases, we were able to obtain in 58 a self-reported evaluation, most of them gave a positive efficacy evaluation of Enzyme Replacement Therapy and they were classified by a self-administered scale as Responders or non-Responders. A cooperative study of a clinical group on LOPD monitored age, sex, BMI, Gardner-Medwin-Walton scale and six minute walking test (6MWT). The only clinical parameters that were significantly associated with a Responder category were the pre-ERT walking distance (p<0.035) and the use of regular diet, exercise or both (p<0.029). The present study shows that in LOPD this condition can be treated by ERT, but also benefits from concomitant diet and aerobic exercise therapy.
Unanticipated Intraoperative Airway Emergency Due to Near-Total Transection of Endotracheal Tube during Partial Maxillectomy
Authors: Valasareddy Sunil Kumar , Singh Nikhil Kumar , Chaudhari Gayatri , Mishra Aseem
Published: May 2021

Endotracheal tube (ETT) damage during head and neck surgeries is an uncommon complication needing quick corrective action to avoid hypoxia and aspiration of blood into lungs. Our case illustrates an unanticipated complication created during partial maxillectomy by a reciprocating motor saw. Accidental near-total transection of ETT was successfully managed by a novel technique of reintubation guided by an airway exchange catheter placed alongside the damaged ETT.
Comparison of Clinical Performance of Ambu Aura40 Laryngeal Mask Airway with Classic Laryngeal Mask Airway for Spontaneous Ventilation during Elective Surgeries under General Anaesthesia
Authors: Raj Anusha , Kadni Reena R. , Zachariah Varghese K.
Published: May 2021

Background:

Introduction of the laryngeal mask airway (LMA) has revolutionised the practice of anaesthesia. This study compares the clinical performance of Ambu Aura40 LMA with Classic LMA in anaesthetised spontaneously breathing patients in terms of its ease of use and side effects.

Patients and Methods:

In this prospective randomised controlled study, 176 patients were allocated to either the Classic LMA or Ambu Aura40 LMA group according to a pregenerated block randomisation number sequence with concealment method. The allocated LMA was placed under general anaesthesia without muscle relaxant. The time and ease of insertion were noted in addition to any adverse events.

Results:

It was observed that Ambu Aura40 LMA and the Classic LMA were positioned successfully in the first attempt in 94% and 81% of patients respectively. The Ambu Aura40 LMA was placed in <12 s in 52% of patients, whereas only 2% of patients in the Classic LMA group could have the device placed within 12 s. Ninety-four percent of Classic LMA and 48% of Ambu Aura40 LMA were placed between 12 and 16 s, respectively. Statistically, a significant difference was noted with time and ease of insertion in between the groups.

Conclusion:

Ambu Aura40 LMA is better in terms of ease of insertion, with reduced time for insertion and lesser incidence of postoperative sore throat in comparison with Classic LMA.
Anaesthetic Management of Subglottic Stenosis in Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis
Authors: Shah Milin , Kapoor Hemlata
Published: May 2021

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis, earlier known as Wegener's granulomatosis, is an autoimmune vascular disorder in which small- and medium-sized vessels are affected. Anaesthetic management depends on the extent to which various organs are involved. Subglottic stenosis can complicate this autoimmune vascular condition which can become a challenging airway situation for anaesthesiologists, particularly when administering general anaesthesia.
Changing Pattern of Adult Intestinal Obstruction in Nigeria
Authors: Garzali Ibrahim Umar , El-Yakub Amina Ibrahim
Published: May 2021

Intestinal obstruction is a failure of craniocaudal propagation of intestinal contents and may be due to a mechanical or functional pathology. Acute mechanical intestinal obstruction is one of the leading causes of surgical admissions in most emergency departments worldwide and is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality, especially when associated with bowel gangrene or perforation. It accounts for 15% of all emergency visits from acute abdominal pain. In Nigeria and most of Africa, external hernias were the main causes of intestinal obstruction throughout the 20th century; however, at the onset of the 21st century, some reports have shown a rising frequency of adhesive obstruction in our environment. We conduct this narrative review to determine if there is a changing pattern of adult intestinal obstruction in Nigeria. Literature search was conducted by two independent reviewers. The keywords used were “adult,” “intestinal obstruction,” “cause,” and “Nigeria.” The keywords were combined using the Boolean logic. The keywords were searched in PubMed and Google Scholar. The overall mean age of the study population is 44.3 years, with a male-to-female ratio of 3.6:1. Of the 1435 cases of intestinal obstruction reported in the studies selected, post-operative adhesive intestinal obstruction was responsible for 590 of them, which is equivalent to 41.1% of all the obstruction. Obstructed external hernias were responsible for 357 cases of obstruction, which is equivalent to 25.9%. The most common cause of intestinal obstruction in Nigeria is post-operative adhesion.
An Unusual Case of Limited Gastric Linitis Plastica in a Nigerian
Authors: Oluyemi Aderemi O. , Adeyomoye Adekunle O.
Published: May 2021

Linitis plastica is considered to be one of the rarer types of gastric cancers. The involvement of only the fundus is the least common of the morphologic variants. This limited type is hardly ever documented among sub-Saharan African patients in scientific literatures. This case report presents one such unique case. Using unique attributes of this case's presentation, this article reviews clinical, endoscopic and radiologic aspects of the diagnosis of this unusual malignant entity.
Prevalence of low Back Pain among Street Cleaners in Northeastern Nigeria
Authors: Yunoos Adetoyeje Oyeyemi , Dankoly Usman Sani
Published: May 2021

Context:

Street cleaners assume bending and twisting positions for a long period while on the job, making them to be susceptible to low back pain (LBP).

Aims:

This study was aimed at determining the prevalence of LBP among street cleaners in North-eastern Nigeria.

Settings and Design:

Sample of convenience was to recruit 381 participants who were street cleaners working within Maiduguri Metropolitan Council.

Subjects and Methods:

A conveniently sampled participants (n = 381) completed sociodemographic form, Nordic LBP Questionnaire and LBP risk factors form. Descriptive statistics were used to summarise the data, and Chi-square statistics were used to explore the differences in LBP prevalence by sociodemographics.

Results:

The present study shows a 12-month LBP prevalence rate of 78.2% and a crude point (7 days) prevalent rate of 55.1% among the workers, and this condition tend to occur more frequently among those in the age group between 58 and 67 years than their counterparts in the lower age groups (P = 0.001). Male cleaners tend to report LBP more frequently than their female counterparts (P = 0.011), and those with primary or qur'anic education also reported LBP more frequently than their counterparts with secondary or tertiary education (P = 0.046). Performing the same task over and over and working in the same position for long periods were the most frequently chosen risk factors pre-disposing the workers to LBP on their job.

Conclusions:

The present study identified the needs for workers ergonomic education and employers' consideration for ergonomically fit tools, as potential solution to addressing LBP as an occupational hazard among the workers.
Successful Management of Perineal Injury without Colostomy in a Pediatric Patient
Authors: Al-Dossary Ibrahim Mohammed , AlZahrani Anwar Saeed , Elshafei Hossam , AL-Buainain Hussah Mohammed
Published: May 2021

Perineal trauma in children are rare, but they can be life-threatening and surgically challenging conditions in the absence of a standardized therapeutic approach. Colostomy remains important and plays an essential role in minimizing the frequency of perineal wound infections but has known complications. Here, we describe a case of a 7-year-old boy who was a victim of a road traffic accident polytrauma and sustained severe perineal injury. The patient was managed primarily without stoma creation and achieved complete wound healing and continence. This case highlights that selection of primary repair without colostomy must be meticulous and individualized.
Work and School Absenteeism in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Mosli Mahmoud H. , Alamri Abdullah A. , Saadah Omar I.
Published: May 2021

Background:

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which can have a considerable effect on quality of life, productivity and performance, is typically diagnosed during periods of life in which patients have academic and career-related responsibilities.

Objective:

The objective of the study was to determine the effect of IBD symptoms on work and school absenteeism in patients from Saudi Arabia.

Patients and Methods:

This cross-sectional survey included patients diagnosed with IBD, aged >8–60 years, at King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. The validated 32-question IBD quality-of-life questionnaire was used to elicit information regarding quality of life and another 9-question validated questionnaire was used to assess work and school absenteeism. A logistic regression analysis was used to identify possible determinants of absenteeism.

Results:

A total of 123 IBD patients were included, with a 1:1 male-to-female ratio. The median age at presentation was 26 years (range: 8–59 years), 56.9% had Crohn's disease, and 43.1% had ulcerative colitis. Further, 58 (47.2%) were employed, 49 (39.8%) were students and 16 (13%) were unemployed. Forty-seven (43.9%) participants reported absenteeism: 26 were employees (55.3%) and 21 were students (44.7%). A binary logistic regression analysis identified IBD subtype (P = 0.006) and the presence of perianal disease (P = 0.028) as clinical predictors for absenteeism from school or work. A feeling of abdominal pain (P = 0.015), fatigue (P = 0.015) and difficulty taking part in social engagements (P < 0.001) were also significantly associated with absenteeism.

Conclusions:

A sizeable proportion of the participants reported absenteeism owing to the effects of IBD. IBD subtype, perianal disease, presence of ongoing abdominal pain, fatigue and difficulty in social engagement were strongly associated with nonattendance.
Case Report: Clonorchis sinensis Infection Associated with Eosinophilic Pneumonia
Authors: Reddy Archana K. , Chakrabarty Melony , Liu Ying , Cohen Stuart H. , Maniar Archana H.
Published: May 2021

Clonorchis sinensis, a trematode prevalent in East Asia, causes hepatobiliary infection. Exposure typically occurs through ingestion of raw or undercooked fish containing the encysted larval form of the parasite. Extrahepatobiliary disease has not commonly been described. In this case report, we describe an unusual case of C. sinensis infection associated with eosinophilic pneumonia. A middle-aged man from China presented with subacute cough and was found to have a bilateral diffuse eosinophilic pneumonia with associated peripheral eosinophilia. Stool microscopy revealed C. sinensis eggs, and the patient improved after treatment with prednisone and praziquantel. Pulmonary clonorchiasis should be considered in patients with eosinophilic pneumonia from areas highly endemic for this pathogen.