bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Extraction of potassium humane from material obtained by microbiological processing of woodwood waste
Authors:   PSU, Maksimov Aleksandr Yu. , Shilova Anna V. , Demakov Vitalyi A. , Litasova Alena S. , Shchetko Vitaliy A.
Published: September 2022

The influence of the composition of alkaline solutions, temperature and incubation time on the extraction of potassium humate from the products of biotechnological processing of the material of bark and wood waste from the Krasnokamsk bark dump by isolated microorganisms-destructors of lignocellulosic materials was studied. It has been shown that an effective method for obtaining potassium humate from this substance is a 3-hour extraction with pyrophosphate or potassium hydroxide when it has been shown that the obtained preparations of potassium humate stimulate the germination of tomato seeds. The conducted vegetation experiment with model tomato plants showed high efficiency of the extracted humates as plant growth stimulators. The results of the study can be used to develop a production process for the preparation of potassium humate. In the production process, the extraction temperature can be reduced to 50ºC without significantly reducing the yield of the active product. The work was carried out within the framework of the project ISG No. С-26/796, funded by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Perm region.
Study of the influence of the method of manufacturing thin walled polyurethane products on their mechanical characteristics
Authors:   PSU, Osorgina Irina V. , Shadrin Vladimir V. ,   PSU
Published: September 2022

In this work, the solution technology of obtaining polyurethane films was studied in detail by the example of the phase behavior of the reacting system oligodiisocyanate - diamine - solvent, where the chemically crosslinked structure was obtained due to an excess of isocyanate groups in relation to amine. The results obtained were applied to PU of the same class, but with a composite hardener. Mechanical tests of polyurethane samples of the same composition, but different manufacturing methods, were carried out on modern equipment.
Flotation of silver from the leaching residues of copper cinders
Authors:   Institute of Technical Chemistry UB RAS - branch of PFRC UB RAS, Chekanova Larisa G. , Zabolotnykh Svetlana A. ,   Institute of Technical Chemistry UB RAS - branch of PFRC UB RAS, Vaulina Vera N. ,   Institute of Technical Chemistry UB RAS - branch of PFRC UB RAS
Published: September 2022

The possibility of using 2-ethylhexanoic acid hydrazide (Hydrazex 18i) as a collector in the silver recov- ery from the leaching residues of copper cinders has been considered. The effect of pulp pH, reagent concentration and pretreatment of residue with sulfuric acid on flotation performance has been studied. An improvement in silver flotation characteristics (concentrate quality and recovery) with Hydrasex 18i compared to sodium butyl xanthate has been shown. The principal possibility of enrichment of silver-poor products in acidic and alkaline media with the help of the proposed reagent has been established.
Quantitative determination of lignin in plant materials by IR spectroscopy
Authors:   Ogarev Mordovia State University, Kostryukov Sergey G. , Malov Nikita A. ,   Ogarev Mordovia State University, Matyakubov Khusain B. ,   Ogarev Mordovia State University, Konushkin Ivan A. ,   Ogarev Mordovia State University
Published: September 2022

A methodical approach for determining the content of lignin in plant materials by the FT-IR method in the mid-infrared range has been developed. The technique for determining lignin content is based on the use of a cali- bration graph reflecting the dependence of the intensity of the 1510 cm-1 analytical absorption band on the lignin con- tent in model samples. This method was tested on a wide range of lignocellulosic biomass samples. The suitability of the proposed method for the determination of lignin content has been shown.
Physico-chemical properties of N-(benzoyl)-N'-(phenylsulfonil)hydrazine
Authors:   Perm State National Research University, Elchischeva Yulia Borisovna , Ulanova Sofia Ivanovna ,   Perm State National Research University, Pavlov Petr Timofeevich ,   Perm State National Research University
Published: September 2022

The work is devoted to the study of the physicochemical and surface-active properties of N-(benzoyl)-N'-(phenylsulfonyl)hydrazine (BPSH) to assess the possibility of using the reagent in the processes of concentration of non-ferrous metal ions. The solubility of the reagent in ethanol, 0.1 mol/l KOH solution, toluene, chloroform, and hexane was studied by spectrophotometry, refractometry, and gravimetry. Acid-base equilibria in reagent solutions and hydrolytic stability were studied by spectrophotometric method. The surface activity of BFSH was studied by the stalagmometric method.
Investigation of the reaction of complex formation of Co(II) ions with N-(2-hydroxybenzoyl)-N'-(p-tosyl)hydrazine in ammonia medium
Authors:   Perm State National Research University, Elchishcheva Yulia B. , Lakhtina Natalya Sergeevna ,   Perm State National Research University, Pavlov Petr Timofeevich ,   Perm State National Research University
Published: September 2022

A technique has been developed for the spectrophotometric determination of Co(II) ions with N-(2-hydroxybenzoyl)-N'-(p-tosyl)hydrazine (GBSH) in an ammonia medium. The absorption spectra of the reagent and its complex with Co(II) ions have been recorded and analyzed. The optimal conditions for the formation of the complex compound were found: the pH range of complex formation; optimal time for color development; amount of photometric reagent. Under optimal conditions for the complexation of GBSG with Co(Ⅱ) ions, a calibration graph was constructed. The Bouguer-Lambert-Beer law is fulfilled in the range from 0.3 to 2.4 mg Co(II) in 25 ml of solution. The true and apparent molar light absorption coefficients were calculated. The true molar coefficient of light absorption of the complex compound GBSG with Co(Ⅱ) ions in an ammonia medium is 750. The molar ratios in the solution of the complex compound [Co(Ⅱ)]:[GBSG] = 1:1 and 1:2. The conditional stability constant of the GBSG complex with Co(Ⅱ) ions was calculated using the Babko method and it is 3.24∙1012. The convergence and correctness of the spectrophotometric technique were determined by the method of mathematical statistics.
Research extraction of bismuth (III) by the derivative 0f 1,2,4 triazole from hydrochloric acid solutions
Authors:   Ufa Federal Research Center RAS, Afzaletdinova Nasima G.
Published: September 2022

Studied the extraction of bismuth (III from 1.0 mol / l) hydrochloric acid with 1,2,4 triazole derivatives: (1- [2- (2,4-dichlorophenyl) -4-propyl-1 , 3-dioxolan-2-yl] -1H-1,2,4 triazole. Optimum extraction conditions have been found. It has been found that bismuth (III) is extracted by the anion exchange mechanism at a contact time of 5 min. Chlorocomplex of bismuth (III) is isolated and characterized by electron and IR spectroscopy and elemental analysis. Reextraction of bismuth (III) from 1.0 mol / l solution of hydrochloric acid were studied.
Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone secretion due to hydroxyurea
Authors: Hakan Ozer , Yasin Ozturk , Ismail Baloglu , Kultigin Turkmen
Published: September 2022

Hyponatremia is the most common electrolyte disorder in clinical practice: Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion (SIADH) is the most common cause of hyponatremia, especially in euvolemic patients. Drugs are among the most common causes of SIADH. While our patient was using hydroxyurea due to polycythemia vera, he was diagnosed with SIADH due to hydroxyurea treatment after investigation due to resistant hyponatremia. The improvement of hyponatremia after hydroxyurea is discontinued and the development of hyponatremia after the drug is re-started supports the development of drug-induced hyponatremia. Careful follow-up is required in terms of hyponatremia in patients using hydroxyurea.
Dünya Tasarım Konuşmaları 2018: “Birlikte Yaşam-İzmir”
Authors: KOCABIYIK SAVASTA Elif , ÖZCAN Ahmet , MENGİ Onur , IRKDAS DOGU Derya
Published: September 2022

Dünya Tasarım Örgütü’nün atölye programı olan Dünya Tasarım Konuşmaları, Birlikte Yaşam-İzmir teması ile 29 Haziran 2018’de İzmir’de gerçekleştirildi. Tema; doğayla birlikte yaşamak, toplumda birlikte yaşamak, şehirde birlikte yaşamak, kültürel mirasla birlikte yaşamak ve teknolojiyle birlikte yaşamak alt başlıkları ile ele alındı. İzmir’in uluslararası bir tasarım kenti olma vizyonu dâhilinde, küresel karşılığı olan yerel meselelerin tasarım perspektifi ile tartışıldığı, yerel, ulusal, uluslararası düzeyde çeşitli kurumların bir araya geldiği, iş birliğiyle ve katılımcı bir süreçle organize edilen bu etkinlik; İzmir’in tasarım etkinlikleri tarihi içerisinde stratejik, kapsamlı, katılımcı nitelikleriyle ve İzmir’in birlikte yaşama kültürünün zenginliğine atfen dünyayla birlikte çözmek için öne sürdüğü birlikte yaşamak meselesiyle önemli bir yere sahip oldu.
Brain processing, slicing and immunohistochemistry protocol v1
Authors: Hunter Andrew
Published: September 2022

This is a step by step procedure from collecting brain samples to immunohistochemical staining and mounting brain slices.
Handling and behavioral training protocol for in vivo electrophysiological and optogenetic manipulation of basal ganglia neurons in awake head-fixed mice v1
Authors: Bevan Mark
Published: September 2022

This protocol details habituation of animals and behavioral training of animals for in vivo electrophysiology or optogenetic experiments.
Protocol for ex vivo patch clamping v1
Authors: Datunashvili Maia
Published: September 2022

Protocol for ex vivo patch clamping
Stone Tools Illustrations with Vector Art: The 'STIVA' Method v2
Authors: Niccolo Cerasoni Jacopo
Published: September 2022

Lithic illustrations are often used in scientific publications to efficiently communicate the technological and morphological characteristics of stone tools. They offer invaluable information and insights not only on how stone raw materials were transformed into their final form, but also on the individuals that made them. Here, the “Stone Tools Illustrations with Vector Art” (STIVA) Method is presented, which involves the illustration of lithic artefacts using vectorial graphics software (Adobe® Illustrator®). This protocol follows an optimised step-by-step method, presenting ten major sections that constitute the creation of a lithic illustration: photography, vectorial software configuration, scale, outline, scar borders, ripples, cortex, symbols, composition, and export. This method has been developed to allow researchers, students and educators to create clear and competent illustrations for any application, from scientific publications to public outreach. (The last step contains a supplemental video with extra context and tips, as part of the protocols.io Spotlight series, featuring conversations with protocol authors.)
Headplate surgery protocol for in vivo electrophysiological and optogenetic manipulation of basal ganglia neurons in awake head-fixed mice v1
Authors: Bevan Mark
Published: September 2022

Step by step protocol for headplate surgery for in vivo electrophysiological and optogenetic manipulation of basal ganglia neurons in awake mice
Protocol for mixed cortical striatal cell culture v1
Authors: Chen Chuyu
Published: September 2022

This protocol describes a optimised protocol for culturing cortical and striatal neurons from postnatal pup brains
Televizyon Dizileri ve Kültürel Temsiller: Mardin Örneği
Authors: KINA Sezer Ahmet
Published: September 2022

Bu çalışmada medyanın hâkim fikirleri yeniden üreten işlevine televizyon dizileri üzerinden odaklanılmıştır. Bu çerçevede mekânsal evreni Mardin kenti olan televizyon dizileri araştırma nesnesi olarak seçilmiş ve bu dizilerdeki temsillerin gerçeklik ile ilişkisi, belirli ön kabullerle yüklü içeriği, oryantalist ve karikatürize biçimleri sorunsallaştırılmıştır. Bütüncül bir değerlendirme yapabilmek için mekân olarak yalnızca Mardin’in kullanıldığı ve sonlanmış yapımlar evren seçilmiştir. Güdümlü örnekleme tercih edilerek dizilerin karakterlerine, mekânına, hikâyesine, ilişkiler ağına ve senaryo sistematiğine dair genel bilgilerin sunulduğu ilk iki epizotları ve anlatılarının üzerine kurulduğu paradigmatik yapılaşmaların kapandığı final epizotları örneklem belirlenmiştir. İncelenen on sekiz epizottaki kültürel temsiller eleştirel söylem çözümlemesiyle değerlendirilmiştir. Böylece i. anlatısal ölçekte paradigmatik zıtlıklar ile çözüm için sunulan sentagmatik öğeler ve özneler, ii. hem mekânın hem kültürel yapının belirleyiciliğindeki bölgesel temsiller, iii. mekanik toplumsal dayanışma biçimleri, iv. çalışan sınıflara ve kadınlara yönelik ayrımcı pratikler, bu bağlamda ataerkil ideoloji ve toplumsal cinsiyet eşitsizliği temalarına ulaşılmıştır. Sonuç olarak her ne kadar geleneksel ve mekanik dayanışma biçimlerinin yarattığı gündelik ve toplumsal ilişkilerin odağa alınması çoğulcu bir yayıncılık anlayışını ortaya koysa da dizilerde esasında rekabetçi, mülkiyetçi, bireyci, eşitsiz ve cinsiyetçi değerlerin yeniden üretimine dönük bir söylemsel dizgenin de işlediği görülmüştür.
The Geodetic Centroid (gCent) Catalog: Global Earthquake Monitoring with Satellite Imaging Geodesy
Authors: Shea Hannah N. , Barnhart William D.
Published: September 2022

Remote sensing geodetic observations (Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar [InSAR] and optical correlation [“pixel tracking”]) serve an increasingly diverse and important role in earthquake monitoring and response. This study introduces the Geodetic Centroid (gCent) catalog—an earthquake catalog derived solely from space-based geodetic observations—and analysis of 74 earthquakes (Mw 4.3–7.4) imaged from 1 August 2019 to 01 February 2022. For gCent, we use InSAR and optical correlation observations derived from the Sentinel-1 satellites and various publicly available optical satellites to systematically image all global earthquakes Mw 5.5 or larger and shallower than 25 km, Mw 7.0 or larger at any depth, and other high-impact earthquakes or seismic events of special interest. We invert surface displacements from successfully imaged earthquakes for the location, orientation, and dimensions of a single slipping fault patch that describes the centroid characteristics of the earthquake. These centroid models, in turn, are compiled into a catalog and used in U.S. Geological Survey/Advanced National Seismic System (ANSS) operational earthquake response products such as ShakeMaps and finite-fault models. We provide a comparison of the gCent catalog to the ANSS Comprehensive Catalog and Global Centroid Moment Tensor (Global CMT) catalog to compare reported locations, depths, and magnitudes. We find that global earthquake catalogs not only generally provide reasonably comparable locations (within 10 km on average), but also they systematically overestimate depth that may have implications for earthquake shaking predictions based solely on earthquake origin information. Geodetic magnitudes are comparable to seismically inferred magnitudes, indicating that gCent models are unlikely to be systematically biased by the presence of postseismic deformation. We additionally highlight limitations of the gCent catalog induced by both the limitations of remote sensing imaging of earthquakes and our imposition of a simplified earthquake source description that does not include spatially distributed slip.
Geolocalization of Large-Scale DAS Channels Using a GPS-Tracked Moving Vehicle
Authors: Biondi Ettore , Wang Xin , Williams Ethan F. , Zhan Zhongwen
Published: September 2022

Geolocalization of distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) array channels represents a crucial step whenever the technology is deployed in the field. Commonly, the geolocalization is performed using point-wise active-source experiments, known as tap tests, conducted in the vicinity of the recording fiber. However, these controlled-source experiments are time consuming and greatly diminish the ability to promptly deploy such systems, especially for large-scale DAS experiments. We present a geolocalization methodology for DAS instrumentation that relies on seismic signals generated by a geotracked vehicle. We demonstrate the efficacy of our workflow by geolocating the channels of two DAS systems recording data on dark fibers stretching approximately 100 km within the Long Valley caldera area in eastern California. Our procedure permits the prompt calibration of DAS channel locations for seismic-related applications such as seismic hazard assessment, urban-noise monitoring, wavespeed inversion, and earthquake engineering. We share the developed set of codes along with a tutorial guiding users through the entire mapping process.
Career Identification of Production Operators’ Position in Manufacture Industries
Authors: Romadin Achmad , Yoto Yoto , Nurhadi Didik
Published: September 2022

Graduating of Vocational High School in the manufacturing industry occupies job of production position. The demands of industrial needs are in the manufacturing sector. They want employees or labor that have told and professional competencies. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze and identify career in operator position. This study uses qualitative research. This research focuses on analysis of operator's position needs in the industry. Based on the results of the research, the work of production operators includes briefing, setting, operating, quality procedures, and engine maintenance. There are several competencies regarding the position of production operators, namely occupational health and safety, quality assurance, measuring instruments, hand tools, technical drawings, general machining, and special conditions. Production operators get salaries, which include grade-based salaries, and salary holidays. Susceptible salary obtained by production operator position gets a vulnerable salary based on the industrial area district minimum wage where he works.
Android-Based Educational Games for Online Learning at PG/Kindergarten
Authors: Untari Rahmania Sri , Wiguna Akbar , Andhiarini Rugaya Meis , Pratama Arnita Fentrin
Published: September 2022

Technology becomes a part of today’s lifestyles. Improving the quality of memorizing is significantly related to the development of learning resources through technological innovation. Educational games are one of the learning resources that can improve the memorization skills of PG/Kindergarten students. The purpose of this study was to develop an Android-based educational game as learning media and assess their effectiveness. The development model used was the ADDIE model. This research was conducted at Daar Al Husna PG/Kindergarten in Malang. Validation by material and media experts showed that the Android-based educational developed was very good and worthy of use. The effectiveness of the application of this Android-based educational game was assessed through pretest and posttest score
Designing Android based Mobile Application for Earth Layer Learning at Junior High School
Authors: Shofiyah Noly , Untari Rahmania Sri , Saputra Yofanka Eko Ardian
Published: September 2022

The complexity of science topics makes it difficult for students to understand all science concepts correctly. Mobile devices can help students to be more focused and efficient in learning. The study aimed to develop the android - based mobile application about the earth layer and include its natural disaster concept. The development model used was the 4D Model. This research produces a product in the form of Earth Panel Cellular Application. The expert validation average score of 3.38, which is in the excellent category, shows that the earth layer application is suitable for usage. The application's effectiveness can be quite effective in enhancing students’ cognitive learning outcomes based on the gained sig. The significance of application is said to be quite effective in improving cognitive learning outcomes with a value of 0.000 less than 0.05
La aceptación o rechazo a vacunarse contra el Covid 19: Revisión Sistemática desde las perspectivas culturales, psicológicas y educativas
Authors: Gómez Ayala Dolly Alejandra , Páramo Pablo
Published: September 2022

El objetivo de esta revisión sistemática fue indagar por las barreras culturales, psicológicas y educativas que originan el rechazo a recibir la vacuna contra la COVID-19 y las estrategias que se recomiendan para motivar a las personas a inmunizarse contra el virus. Se consultaron las bases de datos Scopus, Academic search, ProQuest, Web of Science y Google scholar. Como resultado del proceso de filtración a partir del PRISMA se incluyeron y analizaron 112 artículos que se agruparon en 6 líneas de investigación: vacilación e intención de vacunarse, aceptación,
educación, percepción, plan de vacunación y disposición a pagar. Además, la revisión pone en evidencia las pocas investigaciones académicas en la región de Latinoamérica sobre la percepción de las personas en torno a vacunarse; por consiguiente, es necesario explorar en profundidad las necesidades e intereses de estas poblaciones y, en especial, las razones que dan las personas para no vacunarse, con el fin de alcanzar la esperada inmunidad de rebaño. Se discute el papel que juegan las creencias culturales en la desconfianza sobre la vacuna y las estrategias que se podrían implementar para evitar la vacilación a la hora de la inmunización.
Síntomas depresivos en el adulto mayor: una revisión sistemática
Authors: Hernández Calle Jonathan Andrés , Córdoba Sánchez Verónica , Velilla Jiménez Lina Marcela
Published: September 2022

La presente revisión sistemática tuvo como objetivo caracterizar la sintomatología depresiva que compone los dominios de la depresión en los adultos mayores. Para la búsqueda de los artículos se utilizaron las bases de datos Pubmed, Scopus y Scielo, con restricción en el idioma; se incluyeron estudios transversales, longitudinales y retrospectivos, cuya calidad fue evaluada usando el instrumento STROBE para estudios observacionales. Los criterios publicados por la Colaboración Cochrane fueron adoptados para esta revisión. Un total de 3337 artículos fueron identificados en las bases de datos electrónicas, incluyéndose 15 artículos para la síntesis cualitativa, los cuales cuentan con una buena calidad metodológica. Se encontró que los desórdenes del sueño, la falta de energía y un bajo estado anímico son síntomas de la depresión frecuentemente reportados por los adultos mayores; además, la ideación suicida se encuentra entre los síntomas que mejor explica la depresión en esta población, aunque no es tan reportado. El GDS es el instrumento más utilizado para evaluar la depresión en el adulto mayor, pero no tiene en cuenta los síntomas somáticos. Se concluye que la depresión geriátrica es multidimensional; por lo tanto, es necesario tener instrumentos que integren los síntomas identificados en esta revisión de la literatura.
Theoretical and methodological aspects of ensuring the sustainable development of agro-food systems
Authors:   Institute of Agrarian Problems RAS – Subdivision of the Saratov Federal Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kadomtseva Marina Ye.
Published: September 2022

Introduction. The relevance of the scientific substantiation of approaches to ensuring the sustainable development of the agro-food system is due to the growing impact of environmental factors on the internal structural balance and the target setting of the agro-food system. The sustainable development of the national agro-food system has begun to imply economic growth in order to achieve indicators of the physical and economic accessibility of quality food for the Russian population. At the same time, environmental priorities increasingly has begun to fade into the background, which contradicts the basic principles of the concept of sustainable development, which implies the unity of economic, social and environmental aspects. Research methodology. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study is a systematic approach, the main provisions of which give grounds to consider the agro-food complex as a complex, dynamic and multi-level system of interconnected elements and diverse ordered relationships between them. Theoretical analysis. The article considers and systematizes theoretical approaches to the interpretation of the concept of “agro-food system”. The structural features of the agro-food complex as a system are highlighted. The stages of the reproduction process in all sectors of the agro-industrial complex are characterized through the prism of the economic, social and environmental components of the concept of sustainable development. Empirical analysis. Using a systematic approach, the influence of external and internal factors on the main criteria for the sustainability of the agro-food system has been studied. A conceptual framework for analyzing the resilience of agro-food systems in relation to external influences is presented. Potential for sustainability, adaptation and management are considered with regard to agro-food system. Conclusions. The relationship between the basic principles of ensuring the sustainability of agro-food systems and aspects of food security is revealed. The properties that are most significant for maintaining the sustainability of the agro-food system under the constant influence of external risks are identified.
The nature of Ius resistendi in the context of legal schools and theories
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University, Strogov Nikita D.
Published: September 2022

Introduction. Many researchers consider ius resistendi as the right to violent uprising, while nowadays this right plays the role of a legal institution that restrains public authorities from abuses and encroachments on other human and civil rights. Ius resistendi is rooted in classical iusnaturalism, but is comprehended by means of modern natural law, legal positivism and sociological science, including the theory of conflict, which makes it possible to analyze the nature of the right of resistance more comprehensively. Theoretical analysis. The nature of ius resistendi does not belong to the state, but to individuals and society, which is confirmed by the theoretical provisions of iusnaturalism and sociological and legal science. The positive ius resistendi creates more reliable guarantees for the implementation of this right, and also increases the effectiveness as a legal institution. Еmpirical analysis. The author carried out the analysis of the constitutional acts and came to the conclusion about the possibilities of constructing ius resistendi into the body of a positive law. By legal recognition of ius resistendi, the state institutionalizes control over itself. Results. The nature of ius resistendi appears to be broader than that suggested by classical doctrines. Although ius resistendi remains in the sphere of “ideal” law, the possibility of the implementation of this right in normative acts as an institution that restrains public authorities from possible abuse, and as a “right to commit an offense” is not excluded. The positive ius resistendi acts as one of the ways to resolve the conflict of law and justice.
The problem of differentiation of the competence of the federal and regional authorities of the state environmental control (supervision)
Authors:   Stolypin Volga Region Institute of Administration of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Mladenova Elizaveta V.
Published: September 2022

Introduction. The article is devoted to the problem of delimitation of competence for carrying out control and supervisory activities vertically – between federal and regional executive authorities that implement the function of environmental control (supervision). Theoretical analysis. The delimitation of the powers of federal and regional authorities in the field of state environmental control (supervision) is rather vague. The transfer of a large amount of such powers has led to the complication of the system of state environmental control (supervision). The objects of regional state environmental supervision are determined according to the residual principle without the mandatory fixing their list. At the same time, the legislation does not provide for the possibility of transferring the powers of regional executive authorities in the field of environmental protection to federal authorities. Empirical analysis. In practice, there is often duplication of control and supervision powers in the environmental sphere between federal executive authorities and executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, as well as local governments, which negatively affects their performance. In the constituent entities of the Russian Federation there are no specialized bodies exercising the implementation of the powers transferred by the Russian Federation. Results. It is concluded that there is no effective interaction between environmental control (supervision) bodies at all levels of government due to insufficient regulation of this issue in the legislation. In order to eliminate legal conflicts, simplify the interaction between subjects, the article substantiates the necessity of adoption of the Federal Law “On Environmental Control (Supervision)”; development and adoption of administrative regulations for the interaction of federal and regional environmental control (supervision) bodies; conclusion of agreements on the “reverse delegation” of powers from the executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation to the federal bodies of state environmental control (supervision).
Causes of Dispute for COVID-19 Outpatient and Inpatient Claims at the Muhammadiyah University General Hospital of Malang
Authors: Cahyaharnita Rezky Ami , Nur Subchi Thontowi Djauhari , Hariyanto Subi , Andriyani Intan Putri , Fitri Rizki Ridha , Fauziah Husni
Published: September 2022

Muhammadiyah University General Hospital of Malang is a COVID-19 referral hospital for Malang. Between April 2020 and June 2021, the hospital submitted 62 outpatient and 1364 inpatient cases for COVID-19 claims to the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia. The percentage of outpatient dispute claims was 25% and of inpatient dispute claims was 39%. These disputed claims disturbed the cash flow of the health facilities. The aim of our study was to describe the causes of outpatient and inpatient COVID-19 dispute claims. Our methodology was descriptive, and the secondary data were taken from claim submission documents. There were ten criteria that caused dispute claims based on KMK Number HK. 01.07/MENKES/4718/2021. This was related to administrative and medical issues. The most common cause of inpatient dispute claims (35%) was that the criteria for discharge from the hospital were not in accordance with the guarantee limit. Additionally, the most common cause of outpatient dispute claims (60%) was the management of isolation that was not related to the guidelines for management and prevention of COVID-19.
Keywords: claim dispute criteria, hospital, COVID-19
The Effect of Education on Students' Knowledge of Cough Self-Medication at a Boarding School in Malang
Authors: Yolandari Shaviera , Hidayati Ika Ratna , Yunit Sendi Lia , Titani Mutiara , Novia Atmadani Rizka
Published: September 2022

During the Covid-19 pandemic, the medical team, including nurses, have struggled in isolation rooms, helping patients. Isolation rooms pose a greater risk than regular treatment rooms and direct contact can increase the risk of infection. Nurses’ anxiety may be high; they may be worried not only about the risk of transmitting Covid-19 to themselves, but also to their families at home, especially for those who are in vulnerable groups. This study aimed to identify the anxiety level of nurses in the Covid-19 isolation room at Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang Hospital. This was a descriptive observational study conducted from May 25 - June 3, 2021 with 16 nurses. The nurses’ anxiety was measured using the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale Questionnaire. The results showed that 13 nurses (81.25%) in the Covid-19 isolation room had mild anxiety levels.
Keywords: anxiety, nurse, Covid-19, isolation room
Developing an Epitope-Based Peptide Vaccine for the Hepatitis C Virus Using an in Silico Approach
Authors: Sumadi Firasti AN , Jamil Ahmad Shobrun , Auliyana Nabilatul , Nur H Melinia , Nabilah K Riana
Published: September 2022

A vaccine has still not been found for the hepatitis C virus (HCV) and the number of global cases of HCV is still high. The development of HCV vaccines is challenging due to the complex genetic diversity of the virus. Epitope-based vaccine design using in silico computational methods is an effective strategy that could lead to the development of vaccines with the ability to induce the required immunogenicity without the emergence of cytokine storms or immune tolerance. This study aimed to find an epitope candidate from the HCV E2 protein which has potential as a peptide vaccine. The research was observational descriptive and was carried out in silico on an HCV vaccine candidate. The software used was MEGA X, IEDB, VaxiJen 2.0, BLASTp. 3 conserved regions were obtained from 10 countries, namely VCGPVYCFTPSPVVVGTTD, CPTDCFRK, and YRLWHYPCT. The sequences between these countries still have phylogenetic relationships, even though they are in different branches, showing the evolution of the HCV subtypes. The VYCFTPSPVVVGTTD epitope became the candidate for the development of a peptide vaccine because of its antigenicity score and its ability to be used for effective epitope-based vaccines. This HCV vaccine candidate epitope does not cause an autoimmune response because it has been confirmed to be using BLASTp with the result that it shares no similarity with human cell surface proteins.
Keywords: vaccines, peptides, epitope, hepatitis C virus, in silico
The Prognostics Accuracy of Early Warning Score Screening in Patients with COVID-19: A Literature Review
Authors: Herlianita Risa , Pratiwi Indah Dwi , Wahyuningsih Indri , Firdaus Ananda Rifqi
Published: September 2022

The accuracy of an early warning score (EWS) in early identification of a patient’s condition can help healthcare workers to promptly and appropriately identify therapy for the patient; it is also used to determine which patients will go to the emergency room, and to monitor the patient’s condition while in the hospital. There are no comprehensive syntheses of the current prognostics accuracy of EWS screening in patients with COVID-19. This review aimed to identify published articles that described EWS accuracy and parameters used in EWS screening. A systematic search of four databases (Science Direct, Pubmed, Google Scholar, and Proquest) was conducted to identify articles describing prognostics accuracy of EWS screening in patients with COVID-19. The EWS, its parameter and its components were extracted and narratively synthesized to identify patterns and themes across the types of EWS. A total of 10 articles describing EWS systems were identified. It was found that the National Early Warning Score (NEWS), National Early Warning Score 2 (NEWS2), Standardized Early Warning Score (SEWS), and Modified Early Warning Score (MEWS) had accurate results ranging from 81-92% sensitivity, specificity of 78-84%, and accuracy of 90-96%. Finally, those EWS systems were shown to perform remarkably well in recognizing a patient’s clinical status at time of admission to the hospital and in determining the appropriate treatment.
Keywords: accuracy, early warning score, COVID-19
Comparison of Vitamin C Analysis Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Versus Potentiometric Titration
Authors: Astuti Engrid Juni , Rafikayanti Agustin , Cahyani Diah Indri , Putri Diryati Barin
Published: September 2022

Vitamin C is a water-soluble vitamin that is important for human health as it helps to maintain the body’s resistance to various diseases. It functions as an antioxidant, which is a substance that gives electrons to free radicals and helps to stabilize free radicals, which protects cells from damage. Because vitamin C is easily oxidized, an analytical method is needed which measures vitamin C levels accurately and quickly. Analytical methods must be validated before being implemented to ensure the validity of the data generated. In this study, the validation of two vitamin C measurement methods were be compared: high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and potentiometric titration. The results of the HPLC method showed that the linearity, accuracy, and precision met the validation requirements of the official methods of analysis (AOAC). The potentiometric titration method validation results showed that the accuracy met the AOAC requirements while the precision did not meet the AOAC requirements.
Keywords: validation, HPLC, potentiometric titration, vitamin C
Melinjo (Gnetum Gnemon) Seed Protein Activity Against pBSKS DNA Cleavage and Its Cytotoxicity in T47D and 4T1 Cells
Authors: Indrayudha Peni , Ramadhan Fatah , Islam Nidaa Izzati , Maryati . , Saifudin Azis , Muflihah Cita Hanif
Published: September 2022

The plant protein of melinjo (Gnetum gnemon) in seeds is known to have antioxidant properties. Apart from being an antioxidant, melinjo seed protein also has the potential to be developed as an anticancer compound. One of the potential anticancer compounds has been screened based on supercoiled DNA cleavage activity (pBSKS). The purpose of this study was to determine the activity of the protein fraction isolated with DEAE and BUTYL matrices against supercoiled DNA cleavage of pBSKS. Supercoiled DNA cleavage test activity of pBSKS was determined using the electrophoresis method and visualized with a UV transilluminator at a wavelength of 312 nm. The cytotoxic activity of melinjo seeds was tested through the MTT assay method and was read on an ELISA reader with a wavelength of 550 and 595 nm seen from the IC50 value. The protein fraction of melinjo seeds isolated with DEAE and BUTYL matrices had concentrations of 470.1 and 81.02 g/mL, respectively. The visualization results showed that the DEAE and BUTYL protein fractions resulted in depletion of supercoiled DNA bands of pBSKS. The concentration of active protein in the melinjo seeds fractionated using the DEAE-650M matrix was higher than that of the BUTYL-650M matrix. In this study, after several cytotoxic tests were carried out, various results were obtained. The activity of protein isolates from melinjo seeds fractionated using DEAE-650M and BUTYL-650M against 4T1 and T47D cells could be categorized as non-toxic because the IC50 value was > 1000 g/mL and the average percentage of viable cells was more than 50%, except for the seed protein fraction. Melinjo fractionated using DEAE-650M against T47D cells which had an IC50 value of 127.62 g/mL could be categorized as quite active and cytotoxic.
Keywords: Gnetum gnemon L., protein isolation, ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs), DNA cleavage, cytotoxic, T47D, 4T1
The Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support Among Menopausal Women
Authors: Susanti Henny Dwi , Chung Min-Huey
Published: September 2022

This study aimed to determine the multidimensional scale of perceived social support among menopausal women. A cross-sectional design was used. The total number of participants was 235 women, recruited by convenience sampling. The mean age of the women was 52.38 with a standard deviation of 4.17 years. The number of premenopausal, perimenopausal, and postmenopausal women was 72, 68 and 95, respectively. This study showed that the social support that the postmenopausal women received from their families was higher than that of the premenopausal women.
Keywords: menopause, social support, the woman
Analysis of Community Behavioral Factors Influencing the Accuracy of Diarrhea Drug Use Using the Health Belief Model
Authors: Harahap Dila Definarati , Hidayati Ika Ratna , Atmadani Rizka Novia
Published: September 2022

Diarrhea can be caused by infectious diseases that lead to relatively high morbidity and mortality rates. Diarrhea refers to a continuous flow of bowel movements that occurs suddenly and exceeds the normal limit, usually occurring more than 3 times in 24 hours and lasting less than 14 days. The Health Belief Model (HBM) can be used to identify factors that influence individual health behaviors. This study aimed to analyze the behavioral factors of the community towards the appropriate use of diarrhea drugs in the city of Biak Papua using the HBM. This was an observational study with a cross-sectional approach. There were 78 respondents and the data were analyzed using the Spearman rank test. According to the findings, each of the HBM components that were examined had a significant influence on the accuracy of drug use in diarrhea patients (p < 0.05). 15.2% of the respondents had a very precise accuracy, 46.2% had adequate accuracy, 24.4% had inaccurate accuracy, and 14.1% had very inaccurate accuracy. The correlation values of each perception were: perception of vulnerability = 0.549; perception of seriousness = 0.494; perception of obstacles = -0.371; perceived benefits = 0.226; and self-confidence = 0.513. It can be concluded that there is a relationship between behavior and accuracy in the use of diarrhea medicine in Biak City, Papua.
Keywords: diarrhea, accuracy, Health Belief Model (HBM)
Characteristics and Stability of Candle Nut Oil (Aleurites Moluccana) Nanoemulsion Hair Tonic Preparation
Authors: Chasanah Uswatun , Yudastama Faldi , Rahmasari Dyah
Published: September 2022

Candle nut (Aleuritas molucana) is a plant that can produce oil to stimulate hair growth because it contains oleic acid which is an antioxidant. One core of candle nut seeds can contain as much as 50-60% oil, which can be made into hair care cosmetics through the preparation of hair tonic nanoemulsion. This study aimed to determine the effect of different concentrations of candle nut oil (5%, 6%, and 7%) on the characteristics and stability of a candle nut oil nanoemulsion hair tonic preparation. Candle nut oil was formulated into hair tonic nanoemulsion preparations and then tested for characteristics and stability for cycling test preparations. It was found that there were differences in the characteristics and stability values of formulas I, II, and III. The variations in the concentration of the active ingredient of candle nut oil (5%, 6%, 7%) affected the characteristics of the hair tonic by affecting the droplet size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, pH and viscosity of the preparation. The stability test using the cycling showed that the stability of the hair tonic was affected through changes in the pH value and viscosity of the preparation.
Keywords: candle nut oil, characteristics and stability, hair tonic, nanoemulsion
Hair Growth Promotion of Argan Oil (Argania Spinosa Skeels) Nanoemulsion Hair Tonic Preparation With Mice (Mus Musculus)
Authors: Rahmasari Dyah , Setya Fazri Zaqina Erin , Chasanah Uswatun
Published: September 2022

Argan oil is not only used in facial treatments but can also be used for hair care. Argan oil has hair growth activity as it contains oleic acid and linoleic acid, which act to prevent hair loss, strengthen hair, and protect against harmful hair cosmetics, as well as containing tocopherol, which has antioxidant properties. Tocopherol can help to protect from the effects of UV radiation which can damage hair through the melanin pigment and protein fraction. This study aimed to determine the effect of variations in the concentration of argan oil (Argania spinosa Skeels) with levels of 1%, 2%, 3%, in hair tonic nanoemulsion preparations on the hair growth of mice. Hair growth activity was carried out using mice for 21 days. The data were analyzed using one way ANOVA and paired-sample t test. The results showed that after 21 days of testing, there was an increase in hair growth from each formula and the positive control, of 1.891 mm, 2.33mm, 3.484 mm and 2.225 mm, respectively. The hair weights of formula 1, 2, 3, and the positive control were 0.0028, 0.0059, 0.0111 and 0.0070, respectively. The negative control led to a decrease in length and weight by 0.641 mm and -0.0023, respectively. In conclusion, the preparations of hair tonic nanoemulsion using argan oil at concentrations of 1%, 2%, and 3% promoted hair growth in mice.
Keywords: argan oil, hair tonic, nanoemulsion, hair growth activity test, mice
Knowledge of Doctors and Nurses on the Selection of Cosmetic Facial Wash
Authors: Titani Mutiara , Fiddini Savira Fauzia , Rahmasari Dyah
Published: September 2022

Cosmetics are used by women and men to maintain good skin condition and protect the skin from factors that can damage it. Facial wash has a smooth texture, removes dirt and dust, and reduces oil. This study aimed to determine the level of knowledge of non-pharmaceutical health workers (general practitioners and nurses) on the selection of facial wash cosmetics and to determine the relationship between the level of knowledge and their selection of products. This was a descriptive analytical study with a cross-sectional design. A pretest posttest questionnaire that has been validated was employed. 50 respondents were recruited through purposive sampling. In terms of brand selection, 24% used a beauty doctor’s prescription. 72% based their decision according to the needs of the facial skin. 52% bought the product in supermarkets. A total of 82% saw the information on the packaging. In 42% of cases, the function of the facial wash was to brighten the facial skin. The dosage of liquid soap was 90%. The use of domestic facial wash products was 100%. The pretest knowledge level in the ‘poor’ category was 52% and the posttest knowledge level in the ‘good’ category was 88%. There was a significant difference found between before and after being given treatment (p < 0.01).
Keywords: knowledge, facial wash, selection, doctors, nurse
Activity of Hair Tonic Nanoemulsion with Candlenut Oil (Aleurites Moluccana) on Mice (Mus Musculus)
Authors: Almas Jihan Fahira , Chasanah Uswatun , Rahmasari Dyah
Published: September 2022

Hair loss is one of the most common hair problems, which usually happens at about 100 strands every day. It has been shown that candlenut oil can help to overcome the problem of hair loss. This study aimed to determine the effect of a hair tonic nanoemulsion in varying concentrations of candlenut oil on accelerating hair growth in Mus musculus. A nanoemulsion hair tonic was created because doing so can increase the solubilization of the oil. In the nanoemulsion form, the penetration of the medicinal ingredients into the skin is accelerated. In this study, nanoemulsions were produced with 5%, 6%, and 7% candlenut oil as formula 1, formula 2, and formula 3. A base without candlenut oil was used as a negative control, and a ginseng hair tonic obtained from the market was used as a positive control. The researchers conducted the hair tonic test by measuring the hair growth and hair density of the Mus musculus at 21 days. The hair growth was -0.442 mm for the negative control; 2.255 mm for the positive control; 1.352 mm for formula 1; 1.773 mm for formula 2; and 3.649 mm for formula 3. The hair weight was 3.20 mg for the negative control; 2.22 mg for the positive control; 2.26 mg for formula 1; 4.54 mg for formula 2; and 6.70 mg for formula 3. This study therefore demonstrated that hair tonic nanoemulsion of candlenut oil can accelerate hair growth.
Keywords: candlenut oil, hair growth, hair tonic nanoemulsion