bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Geç Hitit Dönemi’nde Toroslardan Amanoslara Uzanan Bölgedeki Ekonomik Faaliyetler
Authors: Pınarcık Pınar
Published: April 2021

M.Ö. 1200 yıllarında Hitit Devleti'nin yıkılışından sonra Anadolu'da ve Kuzey Suriye'de birbirinden bağımsız kent devletlerinin oluşturduğu yeni bir siyasal yapılanma görülür. Zaman içerisinde kendi kültürel ve ekonomik yapısını oluşturan bu kent devletlerinin Hititlerin devamı olduğu kabul edilir. Sahip oldukları jeopolitik konumları itibariyle Anadolu-Mezopotamya-Kuzey Suriye-Doğu Akdeniz arasında kilit noktasındadırlar. Özellikle Toroslar ve Amanoslarda bulunan geçitler bölgeler arasında etkileşimde önemli rol oynamıştır. İşte bu sebepten bölge politik ve ekonomik olarak önem kazanmıştır. Başta demir olmak üzere bakır, kurşun, çinko, gümüş açısından zengin olan bölge, yine sahip olduğu yerüstü zenginlik kaynaklarından dolayı da Assur'un ve çağdaşı olan Urartu; Frig gibi güçlü devletlerin düzenli sefer yapmasına yol açmıştır. Assur'un bölgeye yaptığı seferleri anlattığı yazılı belgeler -seferler sonucunda elde ettiği haraç adı altında aldıkları vergiler- bölgenin ekonomik faaliyetlerini anlamamız açısından önem arz etmektedir.
Çin ve Tibet Kaynaklarına Göre Göktürk Mitleri
Authors: Erkoç Hayrettin İhsan
Published: April 2021

Göktürklerin mitolojisi daha önce bazı araştırmalarda incelenmiş ve bu mitolojiye ait anlatıların yer aldığı Çince metinlerin çevirilerinin çoğu yayımlanmıştır. Ancak bazı metinlerin Türkçeye yalnızca özetlenerek çevrildiği görülmüştür. Tibetçe bir belgede yer alan Göktürk mitleri ise bu bağlamda pek fazla incelenmemiştir. Bu çalışmada Göktürklere ait Çin ve Tibet kaynaklarında aktarılmış olan mitler incelenmiş, metinler arasında karşılaştırmalar yapılmış ve Türkçeye tam çevirisi yapılmamış bazı metinler üzerinde ayrıntılı bir şekilde çalışılmıştır. Göktürk mitlerini aktaran Çince ve Tibetçe metinler, çalışmanın sonunda ek olarak okuyuculara sunulmuştur.
İspanya Elçilik Raporlarında 1875 Hersek İsyanı
Authors: Turan Tufan
Published: April 2021

1875 yılında, Hersek'in Nevesin kazasında başlayan küçük isyan, Osmanlı Hükümeti'nin zafi yeti nedeniyle, kısa sürede Bosna ve Hersek'in neredeyse tamamına yayılmıştır. Osmanlı Hükümeti, isyanın yayılmaya başladığı süreçte de Sırbistan ve Karadağ'ın isyana dâhil olmasından çekinerek ve büyük Avrupa devletlerini endişelendirmekten imtina ederek, isyanı bastırmak için büyük bir güç kullanmamış ve bu politikanın sonucunda isyan uluslararası bir boyut kazanmıştır. İspanya'nın İstanbul, Viyana, Berlin ve St. Petersburg elçileri, isyanın başlangıcından itibaren, hazırladıkları raporlar aracılığıyla hükümetlerini yaşanan gelişmelerle bilgilendirmişlerdi. Bu çalışmada, ilgili elçilik raporlarında, tarafsız bir ülkenin temsilcilerinin gözünden olayların nasıl anlatıldığı ve yorumlandığı ortaya konulacaktır. Bu çerçevede, İspanya Dışişleri Bakanlığı Arşivi'nde Hersek isyanıyla ilgili oldukları tespit edilen 32 rapor incelenecektir.
Nüfus Defterleri’ne Göre Boynuincelü Aşireti (1830-1845)
Authors: Aygün Necmettin
Published: April 2021

Boynuincelü Aşireti, günümüzdeki idarî ayrıma göre Kızılırmak'ın her iki tarafında, Seyfe Gölü ile Tuz Gölü arasındaki sahada meskûn konar-göçer menşeli bir aşirettir. Aşiret, 18 farklı cemaatin birleşmesiyle meydana gelmiştir. Bu araştırmada büyük oranda Aksaray ve Kırşehir, daha sınırlı olmak üzere Nevşehir ve Koçhisar coğrafyasına yayılmış Boynuincelü Aşireti'nin tarihi süreçteki tekâmülü, aşiret yapısı ve idaresi, devlet ile olan ilişkileri, aşirete mensup olan halkın idarecileriyle olan münasebetleri üzerinde durulmuş, aşiretin kaza statüsünü alması ve devamında bu statünün lağvedilmesinin sebepleri ortaya konulmuştur. Araştırmanın ortaya çıkışı II. Mahmud'un hâkimiyeti zamanında, 1830'da başlanılan ve 1845'e kadar düzenli şekilde sürdürülen nüfus sayımları ve yoklamalarını içeren Nüfus Defterleri'dir. Bu defterler serisinin yanı sıra Osmanlı Arşivi'nde yer alan muhtelif arşiv kayıtlarından da istifade edilmiştir. Aşiret ele alınırken, araştırmaya Aksaray Sancağı tarafından bakıldığı bilhassa belirtilmelidir. Araştırmaya bir de Kırşehir Sancağı tarafından bakılması zarureti olduğu ve ileride bu açığın kapatılmasıyla birlikte araştırmanın kâmil bir hâl alacağı düşünülmektedir. Yine de bu araştırma, gerek Boynuincelü ve gerekse Orta Anadolu'nun konar-göçer toplulukları hakkında şimdiye kadar bilinmeyen pek çok konuya temas ediyor olmasıyla önem taşımakta, yeni ve farklı araştırmalara kaynaklık edebilecek hususiyetlere sahip bulunmaktadır.
Training and certification for hospital medicine programs support the essential role of hospitalists for complex multi-morbid patients in acute care
Authors: Yousefi Vandad , Coke William , Eisner James
Published: April 2021

The current COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in significant strain on acute care delivery in Canada and around the world. It has highlighted the importance of hospitals rapidly increasing their resources to meet the capacity demands brought on by a disruptive change. Hospital medicine teams have become central to many acute care sites, caring for increasingly complex hospitalized patients. We believe that the ongoing implementation of hospitalist teams of generalist physicians is critical in ensuring that health care organizations are well positioned to provide high-quality care in uncertain times. We also highlight the need for adequate training and certification for physicians who aim to work as part of such programs.
Mass and Environment as Drivers of Galaxy Evolution. IV. On the Quenching of Massive Central Disk Galaxies in the Local Universe
Authors: Zhang Chengpeng , Peng Yingjie , Ho Luis C. , Maiolino Roberto , Renzini Alvio , Mannucci Filippo , Dekel Avishai , Guo Qi , Li Di , Yuan Feng , Lilly Simon J. , Dou Jing , Guo Kexin , Man Zhongyi , Li Qiong , Shi Jingjing
Published: April 2021

The phenomenological study of evolving galaxy populations in Peng et al. has shown that star forming galaxies can be quenched by two distinct processes: mass quenching and environment quenching. To explore the mass quenching process in local galaxies, we study the massive central disk galaxies with stellar mass above the Schechter characteristic mass. In Zhang et al., we showed that during the quenching of the massive central disk galaxies as their star formation rate decreases, their molecular gas mass and star formation efficiency drop rapidly but their H i gas mass remains surprisingly constant. To identify the underlying physical mechanisms, in this work we analyze the change during quenching of various structure parameters, bar frequency, and active galactic nucleus (AGN) activity. We find three closely related facts. On average, as star formation rate decreases in these galaxies: (1) they become progressively more compact, indicated by their significantly increasing concentration index, bulge-to-total mass ratio, and central velocity dispersion, which are mainly driven by the growth and compaction of their bulge component; (2) the frequency of barred galaxies increases dramatically, and at a given concentration index the barred galaxies have a significantly higher quiescent fraction than unbarred galaxies, implying that the galactic bar may play an important role in mass quenching; and (3) the “AGN” frequency increases dramatically from 10% on the main sequence to almost 100% for the most quiescent galaxies, which is mainly driven by the sharp increase of LINERs. These observational results lead to a self-consistent picture of how mass quenching operates.
VLA Resolves Unexpected Radio Structures in the Perseus Cluster of Galaxies
Authors: Gendron-Marsolais M.-L. , Hull C. L. H. , Perley R. , Rudnick L. , Kraft R. , Hlavacek-Larrondo J. , Fabian A. C. , Roediger E. , van Weeren R. J. , Richard-Laferrière A. , Golden-Marx E. , Arakawa N. , McBride J. D.
Published: April 2021

We present new deep, high-resolution, 1.5 GHz observations of the prototypical nearby Perseus galaxy cluster from the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array. We isolate for the first time the complete tail of radio emission of the bent-jet radio galaxy NGC 1272, which had been previously mistaken to be part of the radio mini-halo. The possibility that diffuse radio galaxy emission contributes to mini-halo emission may be a general phenomenon in relaxed cool-core clusters, and should be explored. The collimated jets of NGC 1272 initially bend to the west, and then transition eastward into faint, 60 kpc long extensions with eddy-like structures and filaments. We suggest interpretations for these structures that involve bulk motions of intracluster gas, the galaxy’s orbit in the cluster including projection effects, and the passage of the galaxy through a sloshing cold front. Instabilities and turbulence created at the surface of this cold front and in the turbulent wake of the infalling host galaxy most likely play a role in the formation of the observed structures. We also discover a series of faint rings, southeast of NGC 1272, which are a type of structure that has never been seen before in galaxy clusters.
HO Puppis: Not a Be Star, but a Newly Confirmed IW And-type Star
Authors: Lee Chien-De , Ou Jia-Yu , Yu Po-Chieh , Ngeow Chow-Choong , Huang Po-Chieh , Ip Wing-Huen , Hambsch Franz-Josef , Sung Hyun-il , van Roestel Jan , Dekany Richard , Drake Andrew J. , Graham Matthew J. , Duev Dmitry A. , Kaye Stephen , Kupfer Thomas , Laher Russ R. , Masci Frank J. , Mróz Przemek , Neill James D. , Riddle Reed , Rusholme Ben , Walters Richard
Published: April 2021

HO Puppis (HO Pup) was considered as a Be-star candidate based on its γ Cassiopeiae-type light curve, but lacked spectroscopic confirmation. Using distance measured from Gaia Data Release 2 and the spectral-energy-distribution fit on broadband photometry, the Be-star nature of HO Pup is ruled out. Furthermore, based on the 28,700 photometric data points collected from various time-domain surveys and dedicated intensive-monitoring observations, the light curves of HO Pup closely resemble those of IW And-type stars (as pointed out by Kimura et al.), exhibiting characteristics such as a quasi-standstill phase, brightening, and dips. The light curve of HO Pup displays various variability timescales, including brightening cycles ranging from 23 to 61 days, variations with periods between 3.9 days and 50 minutes during the quasi-standstill phase, and a semiregular ∼14 day period for the dip events. We have also collected time-series spectra (with various spectral resolutions), in which Balmer emission lines and other spectral lines expected for an IW And-type star were detected (even though some of these lines were also expected to be present for Be stars). We detect Bowen fluorescence near the brightening phase, and that can be used to discriminate between IW And-type stars and Be stars. Finally, despite only observing for four nights, the polarization variation was detected, indicating that HO Pup has significant intrinsic polarization.
Tiny-scale Structure Discovered toward PSR B1557–50
Authors: Liu Mengting , Krčo Marko , Li Di , Hobbs George , Dawson J. R. , Heiles Carl , Jameson Andrew , Stanimirović Snežana , Johnston Simon , Dickey John M.
Published: April 2021

Optical depth variations in the Galactic neutral interstellar medium (ISM) with spatial scales from hundreds to thousands of astronomical units have been observed through H i absorption against pulsars and continuum sources, while extremely small structures with spatial scales of tens of astronomical units remain largely unexplored. The nature and formation of such tiny-scale atomic structures (TSAS) need to be better understood. We report a tentative detection of TSAS with a signal-to-noise ratio of 3.2 toward PSR B1557−50 in the second epoch of two Parkes sessions just 0.36 yr apart, which are the closest-spaced spectral observations toward this pulsar. One absorption component showing marginal variations has been identified. Based on the pulsar’s proper motion of 14 mas yr−1 and the component’s kinematic distance of 3.3 kpc, the corresponding characteristic spatial scale is 17 au, which is among the smallest sizes of known TSAS. Assuming a similar line-of-sight (LOS) depth, the tentative TSAS cloud detected here is overdense and overpressured relative to the cold neutral medium (CNM), and can radiatively cool fast enough to be in thermal equilibrium with the ambient environment. We find that turbulence is not sufficient to confine the overpressured TSAS. We explore the LOS elongation that would be required for the tentative TSAS to be at the canonical CNM pressure, and find that it is ∼5000—much larger than filaments observed in the ISM. We see some evidence of line width and temperature variations in the CNM components observed at the two epochs, as predicted by models of TSAS-like cloud formation colliding warm neutral medium flows.
The Inner Accretion Flow in the Resurgent Seyfert-1.2 AGN Mrk 817
Authors: Miller J. M. , Zoghbi A. , Reynolds M. T. , Raymond J. , Barret D. , Behar E. , Brandt W. N. , Brenneman L. , Draghis P. , Kammoun E. , Koss M. J. , Lohfink A. , Stern D. K.
Published: April 2021

Accretion disks and coronae around massive black holes have been studied extensively, and they are known to be coupled. Over a period of 30 yr, however, the X-ray (coronal) flux of Mrk 817 increased by a factor of 40 while its UV (disk) flux remained relatively steady. Recent high-cadence monitoring finds that the X-ray and UV continua in Mrk 817 are also decoupled on timescales of weeks and months. These findings could require mechanical beaming of the innermost accretion flow, and/or an absorber that shields the disk and/or broad line region (BLR) from the X-ray corona. Herein, we report on a 135 ks observation of Mrk 817 obtained with NuSTAR, complemented by simultaneous X-ray coverage via the Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory. The X-ray data strongly prefer a standard relativistic disk reflection model over plausible alternatives. Comparable fits with related models constrain the spin to lie in the range of 0.5 ≤ a ≤ 1, and the viewing angle to lie between 10° ≤ θ ≤ 22° (including 1σ statistical errors and small systematic errors related to differences between the models). The spectra also reveal strong evidence of moderately ionized absorption, similar to but likely less extreme than obscuring events in NGC 5548 and NGC 3783. Archival Swift data suggest that the absorption may be variable. Particularly if the column density of this absorber is higher along the plane of the disk, it may intermittently mask or prevent coupling between the central engine, disk, and BLR in Mrk 817.
Désir, es-tu là ?
Authors: Martel Cayeux Brigitte
Published: April 2021

L’auteure aborde dans cet article la spécificité de la psychothérapie de couple dans l’accueil et l’écoute des difficultés sexuelles. La place du praticien, qui cherche à éviter une position normative, mais qui parfois doit prendre une posture éducative, peut s’avérer délicate. Ce cas clinique explicite comment l’approche phénoménologique du désir, de l’excitation et de l’agressivité saine peut ouvrir à une meilleure compréhension et entente des partenaires.
L’autorité de la parole
Authors: Viana Thierry
Published: April 2021

La figure emblématique de l’autorité de la parole comme telle, et non pas comme instrument de l’exercice de l’autorité, est l’« autorité des anciens », que Pascal distingue du « raisonnement » et qu’il limite aux seules connaissances qui dépendent de la mémoire. La forme suprême de « l’autorité des anciens » est celle de l’autorité des prophètes de l’Ancien Testament et des apôtres du Nouveau Testament, qui, prétendant témoigner directement de Dieu, jouiraient de son autorité par délégation. Mais ni la figure emblématique de l’autorité de la parole comme telle, ni la forme suprême de cette figure ne donnent l’essence de cette autorité : son pouvoir d’être écoutée en étant comprise en tant qu’il repose non simplement sur sa propriété d’augmenter la connaissance des choses si la vérité de la parole est sa conformité aux choses, mais sur sa propriété de déceler ce qui est si la vérité originaire de la parole est le caractère ouvert de ce qui est et qu’elle ouvre.
La politique rurale en Algérie à l’épreuve de la territorialisation
Authors: Saidoun Rym , Chehat Fouad , Ait Hammou Sihem
Published: April 2021

À partir des années 2000, différentes politiques rurales se sont déployées en Algérie faisant référence à un modèle de développement rural territorial, parmi lesquelles la Politique du Renouveau Agricole et Rural (PRAR) et son outil d’intervention : le Projet de Proximité de Développement Rural Intégré (PPDRI). Après plus de cinq années d’exécution, l’article entend analyser la territorialisation des PPDRI à travers un cas d’étude. Sur la base de la littérature théorique, trois mécanismes de territorialisation ont été retenus pour composer notre grille d’analyse. Le processus de mise en place des PPDRI révèle plusieurs distorsions qui font obstacle à la territorialisation des PPDRI. Classification JEL  : O18, Q18.
Polémique de la vape et discours d’autorité entre influenceurs et discours institutionnels sur le WEB 2.0
Authors: Vicari Stefano
Published: April 2021

Le 26 juillet 2019 l’OMS déclare que la cigarette électronique est « incontestablement nocive pour la santé » dans son rapport annuel. Les réactions dans les plateformes 2.0 sont immédiates : acteurs institutionnels, scientifiques et consommateurs prennent la parole pour ou contre la position de l’OMS et les débats se configurent tôt comme une véritable polémique 2.0, mettant en jeu différentes autorités susceptibles d’exprimer une opinion sur la question. Dans cette étude, je me penche sur la construction du discours d’autorité des influenceurs de la vape et sur l’analyse du débat qui s’est déclenché à la suite de la décision de l’OMS dans différentes plateformes du Web 2.0 (Twitter, Facebook et l’espace commentaires des journaux en ligne) dans le but de montrer quelques spécificités de la circulation de l’autorité dans ces espaces numériques et, notamment, que cette polémique repose sur des conflits d’autorité surgissant le long des échanges et la variété des moyens techno-discursifs utilisés par les internautes afin de construire ou déconstruire l’autorité en discours.
L’autorité des jeunes influenceurs du Web dans le genre de l’« unboxing » : un cas d’étude français/italien
Authors: Attruia Francesco
Published: April 2021

La figure de l’influenceur, attestée en sociologie de la communication dès 1970, a été ramenée sous les feux de l’actualité suite à l’avènement du marketing numérique et des pratiques technodiscursives liées aux médias sociaux tels que YouTube, Instagram, Facebook, etc. L’objectif de cette étude est d’analyser l’autorité dans le genre de l’« unboxing » chez les jeunes influenceurs du Web, qui consiste à déballer et à présenter des produits achetés ou reçus gratuitement par le producteur à des fins promotionnelles. Le corpus bilingue français/italien est constitué de quelques dizaines de transcriptions vidéos hébergées sur YouTube, ayant pour objet la présentation de produits ludiques pour les enfants. En me basant sur les acquis de la psychosociologie de la communication, ainsi que sur les études en rhétorique classique et en philosophie politique, je fais l’hypothèse que le discours des baby-influenceurs relève de trois différentes formes d’autorité : l’autorité du parrèsiaste, métalinguistique et via la fidélisation, associées respectivement à trois instances qui sont autant de rôles énonciatifs dans la pratique de l’unboxing : l’enfant, l’adulte et la communauté d’intérêt constituée essentiellement par le jeune public de la chaîne.
Redéfinir le dirigeant d’entreprise : le retravail de l’ethos collectif dans le discours de remise de diplômes de Faber
Authors: Ly Annelise
Published: April 2021

Cet article analyse la manière dont Emmanuel Faber, PDG de Danone, redéfinit l’image du dirigeant d’entreprise dans son discours de remise des diplômes à HEC en 2016. Faber fait la promotion de la justice sociale et invite son auditoire à agir pour un monde meilleur. La force de ce discours réside dans la manière dont il construit son message. L’analyse des acteurs sociaux montre la manière dont il fait exister discursivement les petites gens et leur associe un ethos de travailleur, tandis que les autres discours de dirigeants d’entreprise construisent cet ethos de manière passive et péjorative. Cette analyse permet également d’examiner le retravail de l’ethos collectif du dirigeant et d’en comprendre la portée argumentative. Si Faber se conforme à certains stéréotypes, l’étude met en lumière la manière dont il retravaille l’ethos collectif pour le transformer en profondeur et proposer une redéfinition du dirigeant d’entreprise
Air­-Water Mist Cooling Characteristics of an MS Plate in a Laboratory Scale ROT­ - An Experimental Observation
Authors: Sardar Rajdeep , Bachhar Prishat , Majumder Sounak , Mandal Pranibesh
Published: April 2021

Steels of various grades are ubiquitous in the modern economy. Cooling of steel during the production process is an important deciding factor about its final mechanical properties. This is dependent on the characteristics of the industrial setup and coolant used. Studies have been undertaken for analysis of their influence on the cooling rate, given specific parameters, for suitable industrial use and optimal production. The present study and experiments undertaken highlight the variation of the cooling rate of a Mild Steel Plate in a miniaturized Run Out Table (ROT), using air­water mist spray cooling under different initial plate temperatures and nozzle bank distances.
Validating Continuum Model for Onset of Adiabatic Shear Banding during High Speed Cutting by Finite Element Method
Authors: Zhang Jian Qiu , He Bin Bin , Zhou Cong , Zhang Bi
Published: April 2021

High-speed cutting (HSC) is frequently adopted to manufacture parts in many industries, including aerospace and automotive. To manufacture high-quality parts, adiabatic shear banding (ASB), often observed on serrated chips of various metallic materials during the HSC process, should be suppressed and studied. ASB is formed due to work hardening of metallic materials and work softening induced by adiabatic heating. The onset of ASB during the orthogonal cutting of Ti6Al4V is modeled based on the continuum mechanics, taking both work hardening and work softening into considerations. The model is validated by finite element method (FEM) and experiments. Moreover, the ASB onset process is simulated in FEM to reveal the ASB formation mechanism. The effect of the mechanical properties of Ti6Al4V on the onset of ASB is investigated based on the Johnson-Cook model. The investigation reveals the main factors that affect the onset of ASB during the HSC process. Future work includes characterizing the mechanical behavior of Ti6Al4V after the onset of ASB during a cutting process by coupling the continuum mechanics and micromechanics.
Microstructural Characterization and Tensile Behavior of TA1 Titanium Alloy Sheet Welded by Electron Beam Welding
Authors: Gu Sen Dong , Zhao Ji Peng , Ouyang Rui Jie , Zhang Yong Hong
Published: April 2021

In the present study, TA1 titanium alloy sheets with a thickness of 0.8mm were welded by electron beam welding. Microstructure of the welded region was investigated using optical microscope and electron backscattered diffraction. Then, the tensile test was conducted to analyse the tensile behavior of the welded sheets as well as the fractography of the fracture surfaces. It is shown that the mean grain size in the heat-affected zone is smaller than that in the fusion zone and base material. The strength of the base metal is lower than that of the fusion zone and heat-affected zone. The average values of the yield strength, tensile strength and elongation of the tensile specimens are 224MPa, 335MPa and 35%, respectively. In addition, the tensile specimens of the welded sheets suffer both ductile and brittle deformation during the tensile tests.
Influence of Process Parameters on Microstructure of Reaction Plasma Cladding TiC-Fe-Cr Coating
Authors: Wang Li Mei , Liu Jun Bo , Liu Jun Hai
Published: April 2021

In order to improve the quality and properties of the coating, a certain amount of Ti was added to the plasma cladding Fe-Cr-C coating in the early stage. And Fe-Cr-C-Ti composite powder was prepared by precursor carbonization-composition process. In situ synthesized TiC-Fe-Cr coatings were fabricated on substrate of Q235 steel by plasma cladding process with Fe-Cr-C-Ti composite powder. Microstructure of the coating with different process parameters, including cladding current, cladding speed, number of overlapping cladding layers, were analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results show that the structure of the TiC-Fe-Cr coating is greatly affected by the fusion current, the cladding speed and the overlapping cladding process. In this test, when the cladding current of 300A and the cladding process parameter of the cladding speed of 50 mm/min are clad with three layers, a well-formed and well-structured TiC-Fe-Cr coating can be obtained. Which are the best synthetic process parameters in this test.
Effects of Synthesis Conditions on the Performance of SiO2 Aerogel Prepared by CO2 Supercritical Drying
Authors: Dai Jiao , Zeng Tao Fang , Hu Yue Hui
Published: April 2021

The article presents an investigation about effects of the synthesis conditions on the performance of silica aerogels. Tetraethyl orthosilicates (TEOS) were selected as the silicon source, and two acid-base catalysts were adopted to catalyze the reaction. CO2 supercritical drying was used to drive out the solvent of alcohols in the wet gels. Semi-transparent monolithic and crack-free SiO2 aerogels were successfully obtained. The solvents were prepared with a ratio of ethyl orthosilicate: absolute ethanol: H2O:HCl:NH3·H2O=1:3:5:3×10-3:4.8×10-3.The single effects of solution pH, water volume, and aging temperature synthesized were investigated. The aerogels were characterized with SEM, specific surface area analysis, thermal constant analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, Raman spectroscopy analysis, N2 adsorption-desorption analysis, and hydrophobic angle test. The as-synthesized silica aerogels have a porosity of 95.6%, a specific surface area of 756.9m2/g, an average pore diameter of 16.22nm, a density of 96.8kg/m2, and a thermal conductivity of 0.02W/(m· K). Hydrophobic silica aerogels were also obtained.
Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity of GO-Ag@CoCN Composite for RhB Degradation under Visible Light Irradiation
Authors: Ma Meng Fan , Qiu Ling Fang , Li Ping , Duo Shu Wang
Published: April 2021

Ag nanoparticles and GO co-modified Co-g-C3N4 composites were prepared successfully. The visible-light adsorption of the optimized GO-Ag@Co-g-C3N4 was improved significantly by the SPR effect of Ag nanoparticles, and the separation efficiency of photo-induced electron-hole pairs of g-C3N4 was accelerated to a large extent by the heterojunction structure of the composite and the superior conductivity of GO. The optimized GO-Ag@CoCN showed promising degradation efficiency for RhB (10 mg/L) under visible light illumination (λ>420 nm) for 160 min, which was 130% and 16.5% higher than the performance using bare g-C3N4 and optimized Ag@Co-g-C3N4, respectively. This work provided a novel way for improving the optical property and photocatalytic activity of g-C3N4.
Research Progress in the Preparation of Flexible Substrate Barrier Films
Authors: Guan Li Xia , Zhou Zhao Yi , Huang Yi Jing
Published: April 2021

The development of flexible electronics towards for the direction of bend ability, lightweight, portability, long life against falling. The performance of the substrate in the flexible electronics plays a very important role in the development of electronics. In this article, three preparation technologies of thin films are introduced, including CVD, PVD and ALD. The paper also introduces the research progress on the preparation of substrate barrier films, and one main challenge that may face by the preparation of thin film materials. In order to satisfy the development of flexible electronics, improving the substrate’s performance constantly is needed. Finally, the development of preparing barrier films is prospected.
Psychotherapists’ perception of their clinical skills and in-session feelings in live therapy versus online therapy during the COVID-19 pandemic: a pilot study
Authors: Messina Irene , Löffler-Stastka Henriette
Published: April 2021

During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, many psychotherapists who were used to seeing their patients in face-toface setting adapted to providing therapies online. In the present pilot study, we investigated therapist current experiences of online therapy compared to live therapy. Twenty-nine therapists completed Clinical Skills, Difficulties in Practice, and in-sessions feelings of Flow, Boredom and Anxiety of the Trainee Current Progress Report, giving a score for each item in two different conditions: Live Therapy and Online Therapy. Compared to Live Therapy, in Online Therapy therapists reported significantly less Clinical Skills, whereas Difficulties in Practice did not differ in the considered conditions. With regard to in-sessions feeling, therapists reported significantly lower scores of Boring and higher scores of Flow in Live Therapy compared to Online Therapy, whereas Anxiety did not differed in the considered conditions.
Hypercoagulability on thromboelastography after living donor hepatectomy—The true side of the coin
Authors: Garg Shankey , Sindwani Gaurav , Garg Neha , Arora Mahesh K , Pamecha Viniyendra , Tempe Deepak
Published: April 2021

Background and Aims:

Coagulation dynamics after donor hepatectomy are complex. Having complete knowledge of the actual changes in the coagulation status during donor hepatectomy is important to prevent complications such as pulmonary embolism, deep vein thrombosis, and bleeding. Hence, the present study aimed to study the coagulation dynamics following open donor hepatectomy both by thromboelastography (TEG) and conventional coagulation tests (CCT).

Methods:

A total of 50 prospective liver donors were included. TEG and CCT [activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), prothrombin time (PT), international normalised ratio (INR), fibrinogen, and platelet counts] were performed for each patient before surgery (baseline), on postoperative day (POD) 0, 1, 2, 3, 5, and 10.

Results:

TEG showed hypercoagulability in 28%, 38%, 30%, 46%, 42%, and 48% patients; in contrast INR showed hypocoagulability in 58%, 63%, 73%, 74%, 20%, and 0% patients on POD 0,1,2,3,5, and 10, respectively. Patients demonstrating hypercoagulability on TEG had significantly decreased reaction time (P = 0.004), significantly increased maximum amplitude (P < 0.001), and alpha angle value (P < 0.001). Postoperatively, INR, PT, and aPTT values increased significantly, while platelets and fibrinogen levels decreased significantly when compared to their baseline values. There was no coagulation-related postoperative complication in any of the patients.

Conclusion:

Hypercoagulability after donor hepatectomy is common. TEG showed hypercoagulability and did not show any hypocoagulability as suggested by the CCT. In patients undergoing donor hepatectomy, CCT may not reflect the actual changes incoagulation status and tests such as TEG should be performed to know the correct nature of changes in coagulation following donor hepatectomy.
Ameliorative and fecundity potentials of aqueous extract of Azanza garckeana (T. Hoffm) fruit pulp in formalin-induced toxicity on male albino mice
Authors: Bukar Bukata B. , Tsokwa Naomi E. , Orshi Omolola D.G.
Published: April 2021

The study investigated the ameliorative and fecundity potentials of Azanza garckeana on formalin-induced toxicity in mice testes. Male albino mice were divided into eight groups of five mice each. Group I was administered normal saline (1 ml/kg per oral); Group II received formalin (10 mg/kg) alone; Groups III, IV and V received formalin (10 mg/kg IP) plus extract (orally) at 125, 250 and 500 mg/kg respectively for 40 days; Groups VI, VII and VIII received extract alone at 125, 250 and 500 mg/kg respectively. Gonadotropin assays and sperm analysis were carried out using standard methods. Animals in groups III to VIII showed significant body weight increase  compared to baseline value (p<0.05) from day 20 to 40. Co-administration of the extract at 250 and 500 mg/kg with formalin caused a significant increase in weight of the epididymis compared to control (p<0.05). Extract at 125 and 500 mg/kg induced significant increase in LH, FSH and testosterone compared to control (p<0.05). Extract alone at 250 and 500 mg/kg caused significant increase in FSH compared with control (p<0.05). Extract at 250 mg/kg demonstrated highest fecundity potential of 8.49. These results imply that Azanza garckeana possesses ameliorative and pro-fertility properties.

Keywords: Azanza garckeana; Gonadotropins; Aphrodisia; Fecundity; Gonadosomatic index; Sperm Motility
Prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility of community acquired methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus from healthy students of University of Jos
Authors: Olorunfemi Patrick O. , Onaolapo Josiah A. , Ibrahim Yakubu K.E.
Published: April 2021

Staphylococcus aureus is a virulent pathogen that is currently, not only the most common cause of nosocomial infections worldwide, but increasingly also, a community associated pathogen. This study aimed at determining the prevalence and susceptibility of methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA) isolated from apparently healthy university student population in Jos Nigeria. Two hundred and seventeen (217) urine samples were screened for Staphylococcus aureus. Isolates were characterized by conventional cultural and biochemical methods including rapid test kits (MicrogenID test kit). Their susceptibility profiles were determined against a panel of eleven  antibiotics using the method of the Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI). The MRSA status were confirmed phenotypicallyusing oxacillin and cefoxitin as markers. Of the 217 samples collected, 171 (78.8%) were positive for Staphylococcal species, while 135 of these were coagulase positive and were classed as S. aureus. Seventy-three (73) of these were identified as S. aureus with the MicrogenID test kit. Isolates were resistant to at least one of the antibiotics used in the study. Seventy-one (71) of 73 S. aureus isolates were methicillin resistant. The susceptibility pattern observed in community isolates implies that any outbreak of infections caused by these strains may pose a threat to public health.

Keywords: Staphylococcus aureus; Prevalence; Antimicrobial resistance; MRSA, Susceptibility
Hypogonadism among obese type 2 diabetic men in South-Western Nigeria
Authors: Awe K. , Soyinka O.O. , Idowu A.O. , Amballi A.A. , Oyebola A. , Adesegun O.A.
Published: April 2021

Background: Studies have shown that hypogonadism is closely related to the development of Type 2 Diabetes. This study aimed to assess  hypogonadism among type 2 diabetic and obese male patients in Southwest Nigeria.Methods: One hundred and twenty men consisting of thirty obese diabetics, thirty non-obese diabetics, thirty obese non-diabetics and thirty non-obese non-diabetics, were included in the study. Participants were interviewed to obtain data on biodata, reproductive characteristics, and  anthropometry. Venous Blood was collected for the determination of fasting plasma Glucose, glycated haemoglobin, and reproductive hormonal levels.Results: The prevalence of hypogonadism in this study was 20.8%. The mean age of all the participants was 43.39 ± 5.21, most men being in the 40-44 years age group. In this age group, over a third (40%) of the men had low testosterone. Out of the 60 participants who were diabetic, 18 (30%) had low testosterone, two-third of whom (66.7%) were obese. Mean testosterone was significantly lower in obese diabetics when compared with non-obese diabetics. The mean testosterone and FSH were significantly lower in obese non-diabetics as well. Both diabetic and non-diabetic groups had significantly higher estrogen in the obese participants, than in the non-obese.Conclusion: In conclusion, hypogonadism is a common finding among diabetic men, and it occurs in higher frequency with coexisting obesity. Hence, a holistic approach in the treatment of male patients with hypogonadism, type 2 diabetics and obesity should be considered, in order to safeguard their reproductive health.

Key Words: Hypogonadism, obesity, FSH, LH, testosterone, Nigeria.
Assessing diagnostic variations and correlates of fasting blood glucose
Authors: Moke E.G. , Edje K.E. , Ojezele M.O. , Emosivbe M.
Published: April 2021

Objective: To assess the diagnostic variables of blood glucose level among students of basic medical Sciences of Delta State University, Abraka Nigeria.Methods: A descriptive cross sectional survey on a total of one hundred and ten (110) students of the Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Delta State University, Abraka was conducted. Descriptive statistics was used to analyze the differences in the data collected.Results: The fasting blood glucose levels of 87.5% and 85% of the students had a normoglycemic level as indicated by the left and right thumb respectively. Also, a greater percentage (69.1%) of the students were between the age range 21 – 25. Furthermore, 72.7%, 76.4% and 64.5% of the students had normal weight, normal WHR and normal BP respectively.Conclusion: There is no significant difference in the diagnostic assessment of blood glucose level using either right or left thumb.

Keywords: Fasting blood glucose, diabetes, diagnostic, Delta State, hypertension.
Academic-related stress and prevalence of migraine and tension-type headaches amongst undergraduates of Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria
Authors: Omogbiya A.I. , Anachuna K.K. , Umukoro E.K. , Moke E.G. , Nzei A.
Published: April 2021

Objective: This study aimed at determining the prevalence of migraine and tension-type headaches amongst undergraduates of Delta State  University (DELSU), Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria and its relationship with academic related-stress.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey among 432 undergraduate students across the eleven Faculties of DELSU, Abraka, Nigeria, using questionnaires to determine the prevalence of migraine headache (MH) and tension-type headache (TTH). The data extrapolated were analyzed with SPSS  statistical software (version 20).

Results: MH was shown to have a high prevalence (198, 45.8%) among student of DELSU. Photophobia accompanied most MH episodes more than phonophobia, nausea, vomiting. Similarly, TTH was also very prevalent 237 (54.9%) amongst students of DELSU with females being more vulnerable than male. Spearman's correlation analysis revealed that the prevalence of MH and TTH is strongly associated to student's academic-related activities.

Conclusion: Academic-related stress activities were major predisposing triggers for the prevalence of both headaches.

Keywords: Abraka, academic-related stress activities, DELSU, migraine, stress, tension-type headache,
The Features of Antigen Prevalence of Rhesus System in Donor Population
Authors: Nagervadze M. , Akvlediani L. , Tsintsadze I. , Koiava T. , Loria R. , Tskvitinidze S. , Khukhunaishvili R. , Koridze M.
Published: April 2021

Research materials and methods. 852 voluntary Georgian blood donors have been typed on red blood cells group antigens. The research materials have taken from the diagnostic laboratory of Health Centre of Batumi (Georgia republic). The immunoserological methods with monoclonal anti –AB, -B, -A, A1, -A2 (H), -C, -c, - D, -E, -e (Bio-Rad, cypress diagnostics) antibodies was used for typing blood. The ID cards, such as ABO/D + Reverse Grouping (Bio-Rad) were also used for typing of erythrocyte antigens. Result. Prevalence of Rh system antigens in the studied group is looks like so: e antigens – 94,6%, c antigens -85%, C-68,03, E antigens - 38,07%. The majority (84%) of the studied donors are Rh-positive (n=719), 133 (16%) donors are Rh-negative. C antigen most common is present in the combination with D antigen. 65, 8 % case donors had CD+ combination (n=561). E antigen in most cases is presented with a combination of D antigen. 36, 9% of the studied donors (n=306) had ED+ combination. A miserable number of studied donors had CD - (2,23%; n=19) and ED - (1,17%; n=9) combinations. We have studied the Rh phenotypes prevalence in blood donors. According to RHD, RHC, and RHE gene loci, there are 18 theoretically possible phenotypical groups. Among them half (nine) are Rh-positive and the rest of them are Rh-negative. The Rh-positive phenotypes are: CDE; CDEe; CDe; CcDE; CcDEe; CcDe; ccDE; cDEe and cDe. Rh-negative phenotypes are CdE; CdEe; Cde; CcdE; CcdEe; Ccde; cdE; cdEe; cde. We allocated 17 Rh phenotypes among studied donors. Only one phenotype CdE, which belongs to Rh negative group, was not present in studied donors. Other 17 phenotypes showed different frequencies. Some of them were only in a single case, for example, cdEe, cdE, CdEe phenotypes had only one donor. The majority of the phenotype in he studied donors (27,8±1,53%) was CcDe (n=237). CcDEe -19,3±1,35% (n=165); 125 donors have CDe phenotype (14,6±1,2); The frequency of cde was 13,1±1,5%, which means that 112 studied donors belonged to this phenotype group; 87 studied donors had cDEe phenotype characteristics (10,2%); The frequency of cDe was 4,9% (n=42); 19 donors had CDEe phenotype. Other phenotypes (CDE, Cde, CcdEe, Ccde) frequency was very low. Conclusion. Our studied donors are characterized by rather high polymorphism. The Georgian donor’s population is heterogenic, especially high heterogeneity are shown in Rh positive phenotypes. The obtained data is vital importance for the preparation of whole blood or certain blood components for the purpose of their rational usage in blood transfusion.
Performance of Beamforming for Smart Antenna using Traditional LMS Algorithm for Various Parameters
Authors: Sawant Vishal V. , Chavan Mahesh
Published: April 2021

Adaptive signal processing sensor arrays, known also as smart antennas .The smart antenna adaptive algorithms achieve the best weight vector for beam forming by iterative means. The Least Mean Square (LMS) algorithm, is an adaptive algorithm .LMS incorporates an iterative procedure that makes successive corrections to the weight vector in the direction of the negative of the gradient vector which eventually leads to the minimum mean square error. Beam forming is directly determined by the two factors. The performance of the traditional LMS algorithm for different parameters is analysed in this paper. This algorithm can be applied to beam forming with the software Matlab. The result obtain can achieve faster convergence and lower steady state error. The algorithms can be simulated in MATLAB 7.10 version.
A Quadratic Boost Converter with Voltage Multiplier Cell to Increase Voltage Gain
Authors: P.Rangeela and Dr.A.RubyMeena
Published: April 2021

The high step up dc-dc converter with a quadratic boost converter with voltage multiplier cell (VM) to
achieve a high voltage gain in the continuous conduction mode (CCM). To increase higher voltage gain, lower
voltage stress on diodes and capacitors and requiring smaller inductors with reduced number of components.
Quadratic Boost DC-DC converters are mainly used in applications like HEVs and EVs vehicles. The purpose
of boost converter is to charge a low-voltage (12 V) battery during boost mode and to assist the high-voltage
200V battery. In this implementation, closed-loop control in high voltage side is implemented using PI
(proportional integral) controller
Characterisation and Biological Activity of Stingray Venom (HimanturaImbricata)
Authors: Selvaraj Uthra, Ramachandiran Sivaramakrishnan  , Thirukumar Sangeshwari, Ganapathy Sivaranjani  , Shankar Kanchana and Muthuvel Arumugam
Published: April 2021

Stingrays envenomation in humanswere the common accident in the marine and freshwater ecosystem. To
determine such effect species Himantura imbricata have been used to elucidate Hemolytic activity, Plasma
Coagulation, Fibrin coagulation, Fibrinolytic activity, Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT),and
Prothrombin Time (PT) effects were studied. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
(SDS-PAGE), Amino acid analysis by RP-HPLC, FTIR spectral analysis and SEM were carried for
characterization studies. The results show the of plasma coagulation, fibrin coagulation, of this stingray
venom delays the coagulation of citrated plasma. APTT and PT results showed intrinsic and extrinsic
coagulation factors that were responsible in time delay when compared with the control. Moreover, these
biological experiments and characterization studies aided in understanding the envenoming factors and
these results might base the development of treatments for complex diseases.
Diagnóstico da situação econômica e social de empreendimentos econômicos solidários de catadores de materiais recicláveis situados em 41 municípios do estado do Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Bunchaft Antonio , Leão Gil Moisés , de Almeida Regis Adherbal , Rodrigues Xavier da Cruz Uilmer
Published: April 2021

O presente trabalho de diagnostico dos Empreendimentos Econômicos Solidários de Catadores de Materiais em 41 municípios do Estado do Rio de Janeiro insere-se no âmbito do projeto Catadores e Catadoras em Redes Solidárias – CRS, executado pela Secretaria do Estado do Ambiente do Rio de Janeiro em parceria com o PANGEA Centro de Estudos Socioambientais com recursos da Secretaria Nacional de Economia Solidaria órgão do Ministério do Trabalho e Emprego.
Obtenção e caracterização físico-química de farinha do caroço de abacate para adição em bolos
Authors: Freitas Lais Sene , Dutra Caroline Sayuri Yamashita , Medeiros Mabelle Biancardi Oliveira de , Rodrigues Alba Regina Pereira , Lima Diana Clara Nunes
Published: April 2021

No Brasil, em 2010, foram produzidas 152.181 toneladas de abacates, porém apenas a polpa é aproveitada para fins alimentícios e a extração de óleos para as indústrias farmacêuticas e de cosméticos, sendo cerca de 42.000 toneladas são consideradas resíduos (cascas e caroço) que são descartados, representando cerca de 25 % do peso total do fruto. Com o intuito de aumentar o aproveitamento do abacate, obteve-se uma farinha a partir de seu caroço, afim de reduzir o desperdício, já que este representa cerca de 25% do peso total do fruto, para posterior aplicação em massas de bolo. Preparou-se uma formulação padrão de bolo de chocolate (apenas com farinha de trigo) e duas formulações utilizando a farinha de abacate (em diferentes proporções) com propósito de enriquecer o alimento. As análises físico-químicas foram realizadas para obter a composição centesimal da farinha. Quanto sua composição, a farinha de caroço de abacate apresentou maior teor de carboidratos, lipídeos e cinzas, comparado a farinha de trigo convencional. Realizou-se a análise microbiológica para quantificação de coliformes totais e fecais, apresentando-se ausências. Sendo também realizado a análise de comparação no crescimento do bolo, aplicando o teste de Tukey verificou que não possuía diferença significativa (α=0,05). A análise sensorial foi aplicada para ver o nível de aceitação dos provadores quanto aos atributos aparência, aroma, cor, sabor, textura e avaliação global. Em relação à aceitação do bolo pelos consumidores, as médias dos atributos foram superiores a 6,45, em escala hedônica de nove pontos, o que indica alta aceitabilidade.