bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rheological characteristics of the binder for foam concrete with a complex of mineral modifiers
Authors:   Belgorod state technological university named after V. G. Shukhov, Netsvet D. D. , Nelubova V. V. ,   Belgorod state technological university named after V. G. Shukhov
Published: December 2021

The paper considers the effect of mineral additives on the rheological characteristics of a binder for foam concrete. The compositions in the study were divided into two groups: based on nanostructured binder (NB) and based on cement. For the compositions of the first group portland cement is proposed as a modifying additive,for the compositions of the second group NB and anhydrite were used as modifying additives. It has been shown that the introduction of cement into NB increases the viscosity due to an increase in the concentration of large-sized particles, while the combined use of nanostructured binder and anhydrite as modifiers of the cement system helps to reduce the viscosity of the cement mortar and increase its mobility, which reduces the amount of mixing water. From a technological point of view, this will make it possible to obtain materials with a rational pore structure by optimizing porosity processes.
Synthesis, microstructure and effect of high pressures on transport properties of GdBaCo2O5,5
Authors:   Donetsk Institute for Physics and Engineering named after A. A. Galkin, Tarasenko T. N. , Sivachenko T. S. ,   Donetsk Institute for Physics and Engineering named after A. A. Galkin, Reshidova I. Yu. ,   Donetsk Institute for Physics and Engineering named after A. A. Galkin, Burkhovetskii V. V. ,   Donetsk Institute for Physics and Engineering named after A. A. Galkin, Mazur A. S. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: December 2021

In polycrystalline samples of double layered cobaltite GdBaCo2O5.5 the structure and resistivity at the first order “insulator-metal” (I-M) phase transition were studied at normal and high pressures. The strong dependence of the shape of the temperature hysteresis loop on the rate of temperature change indicates an infra-slow thermal relaxation of conductivity. Baric studies have shown an increase in the transition temperature ТIM at increasing pressure P with baric coefficient dТIM/dP ≈ 10 K/GPa. The spin blockade model is used to explain the observed effects.
Analysis of the chemical composition and technological process of processing ash and slag waste from chpp
Authors:   State Unitary Enterprise ", Khoshimkhonova M. A. ,   Fan va tarakkiyot",   at Tashkent State Technical University the named after I. Karimov, Bozorov A. N. ,   State Unitary Enterprise "Fan va tarakkiyot" at Tashkent State Technical University the named after I. Karimov
Published: December 2021

This article studies sorption method of extraction of rare earth elements (REEs) from ash and slag waste of Novo- Angren TPP. In this regard, the possibility of extracting REE from acidic solutions on the Purolite C100-H cation exchanger was investigated in the example of one of the REEs, lanthanum. Furthermore, dependence of the sorption of lanthanum on Purolite C-100N cation exchanger on pH of solution and dependence of the sorption of lanthanum on the Purolite C-100H cation exchanger on the concentration of the equilibrium solution were studied. In addition, lanthanum sorption was calculated from the difference in concentrations in the initial and equilibrium solutions.
High-temperature nitridization of zirconium, production of ceramic and metal-ceramic refractory structures
Authors:   A. A. Baikov IMET RAS, Shevtsov S. V. , Kovalev I. A. ,   A. A. Baikov IMET RAS, Chernyavskii A. S. ,   A. A. Baikov IMET RAS
Published: December 2021

Based on the results of the work performed, the nature of the phase distribution in the resulting material, structural and morphological differences between the layered metal-ceramic and ceramic structures were established. The temperature range of zirconium nitride synthesis from 1500 to 2400° C is investigated, and the possibility of successful synthesis of nitride ceramics by the indicated method at temperatures significantly exceeding the melting point of the metal is shown.
Personal fund of hydropower engineer S. V. Grigoriev of the Museum-archive of the BCH KSC RAS
Authors:   Barents Centre of the Humanities of the Kola Science Centre of RAS, Shabalina O. V. , Kazakova K. S. ,   Barents Centre of the Humanities of the Kola Science Centre of RAS
Published: December 2021

The article presents materials from the personal fund of the largest hydropower engineer of the North-West of the USSR S. V. Grigoriev, belonging to the Museum-Archive of History of Studying and Exploration of the European North of the Barents Centre of Humanities of the KSC RAS. The personal documents of the scientist and the practitioner are sources of biographical information given in the article and potential sources for research in the field of the history of the scientific study of water bodies, rivers and the development of hydropower in the Arctic.
The Saami webcommunities in the eyes of moderators (on the example of “VKontakte” social network)
Authors:   Barents Centre of the Humanities of the Kola Science Center of RAS, Suleymanova O. A.
Published: December 2021

The article discusses the problem of moderation of ethnic network communities on the example of the Sami virtual groups “VKontakte”. An expert survey was conducted with moderators of webcommunities, on the basis of which the goals of creating groups, their main functions and prospects for further development were determined. According to the interviewed moderators, the priority goal of creating these groups is to unite representatives of the Sami people on a single, albeit virtual platform, within which certain individual and collective interests can be realized (searching for like-minded people, gaining knowledge, a sense of common ethnicity, etc.). Among the main functions of the Sami webcommunities, the moderators single out those that are inherent in such virtual ethnic associations: communicative, integrative, information-cognitive, entertainment and a number of others. The moderators consider the most important topics for dissemination to such topics as the preservation of the Sami language and culture (including a significant part of the content related to material culture), environmental problems and traditional crafts. At the same time, it is noted that the greatest response from the audience of these groups is received by posts devoted to art, entertainment and everyday life topics. Moderators carefully monitor the thematic focus of the content and try to avoid various “sensitive” topics and discussions, especially those related to politics. The audience of the Sami online communities is assessed by the moderators as conflict-free, but at the same time not active enough. In general, the moderators highly appreciate the technological capabilities of social networks for disseminating relevant information, establishing contacts, self-presentation, socializing Sami youth, broadcasting their culture and expressing ethnic identity.
Proses Dekolonisasi Republik Demokratik Timor-Leste dan Keterlibatan Indonesia
Authors: Syahbuddin
Published: December 2021

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan proses dekolonisasi Timor Portugis dan latarbelakang keterlibatan Indonesia dalam proses dekolonisasi tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode penelitian sejarah. Metode penelitian sejarah terdiri dari empat langkah yaitu pengumpulan data heuristik, kritik sumber atau verifikasi, analisis atau interpretasi dan penulisan sejarah atau histiriografi. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa proses dekolonisasi Timur Portugis dilatarbelakangi meletusnya revolusi di Portugal pada tanggal 25 April 1974 yang dikenal dengan Revolusi Bunga “Carnation Revolution” atau “Revolusi Anyelir”. Paska kudeta terjadi perbedaan pandangan tentang konsep dekolonisasi terhadap kononi-koloni Portugis baik di Afrika maupun di Asia. Perbedaan pendapat tersebut menyebabkan tidak adanya kesatuan dan kejelasan konsep tentang proses dekolonisasi di Timor Portugis. Hal ini menyebabkan kekacauan di Timor Portugis yang diwarnai persaingan politik dan senjata antara partai-partai. Keterlibatan Indonesia dalam proses dekolonisasi di Timor Portugis latarbelakangi oleh dua faktor: (a) kondisi politik internasional dimana sedang berlangsung perang dingin antara blok Barat dengan blok Timur. Paska kemenangan komunis di Vietnam, negara-negara Barat mengkhawatirkan Timor Portugis akan mendapat pengaruh dari Cina maupun Uni Soviet. Oleh karena itu bangsa-bangsa Barat mendorong Indonesia mengambil-alih Timor Portugis; (b) adanya keinginan partai politik di Timor Portugis untuk berintegrasi dengan Indonesia. Apodeti merupakan “pintu” bagi Indonesia untuk terlibat dalam masalah Timor Portugis dan pintu itu semakin terbuka dengan adanya deklarasi Balibo pada tanggal 30 November 1975 untuk berintegrasi dengan Indonesia; (c) aspek geografis, Indonesia berbatasan langsung dengan Timor Portugis. Indonesia juga membutuhkan stabilitas kawasan dalam rangka pembangunan.
Implementasi Pembelajaran Sejarah pada Masa Pandemi Covid 19 (Studi Kasus di SMA Negeri 1 Ambalawi)
Authors: Roni Irawan
Published: December 2021

Virus Corona (Covid 19) ditemukan masuk di Indonesia pada awal bulan maret 2020, hal ini dikarenakan adanya warga Indonesia yang terkonvirmasi terdampak Virus Corona. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tentang (1). Bagaiman perenacanaan Pembelajaran Sejarah pada masa pandemi Covid 19 (2). Bagaimana implementasi pembelajaran sejarah pada masa pendemi covid 19. (3) Bagaimana kendala dan dampak dalam pembelajaran sejarah pada masa pandemi Covid 19. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SMA Negeri 1 Ambalawi dengan menggunakan metode pendekatan kualitatif. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah studi kasus, Sumber data dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari Kapala Sekolah, Guru, dan Siswa. tehnik pengumpulan data menggunakan tehnik observasi, wawancara mendalam dan dokumentasi dengan menggunakan tehnik purposive sampling. Untuk memvaliditas data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan triagulasi sumber, triagulasi data, dan triagulasi peneliti. Analisis data menggunakan analisis interaktif, meliputi reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa (1). Perencanaan pembelajaran susun lebih awal sebelum melaksanakan kegiatan implementasi pembelajaran, agar pembelajaran berjalan dengan baik dan mencapai tujuan pembelajaran. Perencanaan pembelajaran pada awalnya, guru membuat perangkat pembelajaran yang berdasarkan pada kompetensi Inti dan Kompetensi dasar yang termuat dalam silabus dan kurikulum 2013. Penyusunan Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran (RPP) pada masa pandemi Covid 19 di susun dengan terpisah yang sesuai dengan kebuhan dalam pembelajaran daring, (2). Impelementasi pembelajaran sejarah pada masa pandemi Covid 19 di lakukan dengan dua model pembelajaran yaitu pembelajaran dengan model luring atau tatap muka dan juga menggunakan model pembelajaran jarak jauh atau pembelajaran daring, (3). Kendala dan Dampak pada implementasi pembelajaran sejarah pada masa pandemi Covid 19 adalah banyak siswa yang tidak memiliki HP android, tidak memiliki paket internet dan jaringan internet yang tidak stabil
Pelaksanaan Layanan Bimbingan Belajar Pada Siswa Kelas IV SD Negeri 58 Tambana Tahun Ajaran 2019/2020
Authors: Subhan
Published: December 2021

pelaksanaan layanan bimbingan belajar di kelas IV Negeri 58 Tambana. Metode penelitan ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan subjek penelitian guru kelas IV. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah wawancara, dokumentasi, observasi, catatan lapangan dan angket. Langkah-langkah analisis data meliputi reduksi data, penyajian data, dan verifikasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa guru belum membuat program layanan bimbingan belajar. Layanan bimbingan belajar dilaksanakan oleh guru sesuai dengan pemahamannya. Layanan bimbingan belajar oleh guru dipahami sebagai suatu bentuk bantuan bagi siswa untuk mencapai hasil belajar sesuai target yang ditetapkan. Dalam melaksanakan layanan bimbingan belajar, guru mengalami hambatan antara lain keterbatasan pemahaman, waktu, serta keterampilan.
Evolución y futuro del derecho del trabajo.
Authors: Seco Ricardo Francisco
Published: December 2021

La cuestión social es el cuadro de las condiciones de vida y trabajo de los trabajadores, consecuencia de la Revolución Industrial en Europa. El Derecho del Trabajo constituyó una reacción contra la injusticia. Desde 1973-75 en adelante se produjo una modificación objetiva de las condiciones de trabajo de las personas en el mundo. Advino la flexibilización laboral. Flexibilización puede usarse como “sinónimo de desregulación y precarización del contrato de trabajo. El último cuarto del siglo XX en adelante se caracteriza por la creciente pobreza estructural, el desempleo y la exclusión y el problema de la inseguridad. El Derecho del Trabajo ya no será el que fue. Deberá reinventarse sin perder lo que lo identifica: su función de protección de los hiposuficientes. Debe procurar que el trabajo humano no se convierta en una mercancía. Se debe pensar el futuro del Derecho del Trabajo, pero sin olvidar sus raíces. Sumario:  I.- La cuestión social del siglo XIX. II.-La irrupción del Derecho del Trabajo en la historia. 1.-Sus inicios. 2.-El Derecho del Trabajo clásico. III.- La crisis petrolera y sus consecuencias. 1.-La crisis petrolera. 2.-Flexibilización como precarización. IV.- La nueva cuestión social. V.-Crisis del Derecho del Trabajo. VI.-Ensayo de una posible respuesta.
Las funciones del representante legal de una institución privada.
Authors: Medina Claudia
Published: December 2021

La Ley N°5326 regula en la Provincia de Córdoba los establecimientos de enseñanza no oficiales, garantizando el funcionamiento de enseñanza creados por lainiciativa privada. La Ley N°9870, “Ley de Educación Provincial”, rige la organización y administración del Sistema Educativo Provincial. Y menciono la Ley N°26.206, “Ley de Educación Nacional”, vigente desde el año 2006. El Código Civil y Comercial de la Nación legisla respecto a las personas jurídicas, que son públicas o privadas. Se establece quienes tendrán derecho a prestar servicios de Educación de Gestión Privada. Son ellos, la Iglesia Católica, las confesiones religiosas, las sociedades comerciales, las cooperativas, las organizaciones sociales, los sindicatos, las asociaciones civiles, las fundaciones y empresas,las asociaciones profesionales con personería gremial, las personas físicas, entre otros. La figura del representante legal adquiere una dimensión propia en el sistema educativo de gestión privada. Su responsabilidad se circunscribe a los términos del mandato y al de ejecutar fielmente los negocios del representante legal. En los institutos educativos de gestión privada el representante legal, directores y administradores conforman un equipo de conducción; y son los que van a marcar los pasos y decisiones que se tomarán en el colegio. En las escuelas católicas de la Provincia de Córdoba a quien desempeña la tarea de la representación se le da diversas denominaciones: representante legal, apoderadolegal, delegado episcopal, entre otras. Con respecto a las funciones del representante legal, y si estamos o no ante una relación de dependencia laboral deberemos estar a las notas tipificantes y a los indicios de la relación. 

Sumario:

I.- Introducción.

II.- Normativa nacional y provincial.

III.- Formas jurídicas que adoptan las escuelas privadas.

IV.- La figura del representante legal.

V.- Las funciones del representante legal de un instituto educativo de gestión privada.

VI.- El representante legal de las escuelas católicas en la Provincia de Córdoba.

VII.- Representante legal y relación de dependencia.

VIII.- Conclusión.
Response of marine microalgae Phaeodactylum tricornutum, Prorocentrum cordatum and Gyrodinium fissum to complex pollution of Sevastopol bays (Black Sea)
Authors: Stelmakh Liudmila , Kovrigina Nela , Gorbunova Tatiana
Published: December 2021

For the degrees of toxicity assessment within the Black Sea surface coastal waters near Sevastopol, laboratory experiments were performed on three marine microalgae species culture’s growth in water sampled on the three stations of the region from May to December 2020. The study has indicated, that in the majority of cases, insignificant inhibiting influences of the waters to diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum Bohlin and insignificant stimulated effect to dinoflagellates Prorocentrum сordatum (Ostenfeld) J.D.Dodge and Gyrodinium fissum (Levander) Kofoid & Swezy were observed. Rarely this effect was characterized as chronic or subacute. The concentration levels of both stable and unstable forms of organic substances in the studied waters were estimated. The results of the testing of the water to determine its contamination using microalgae and analysis of the organic substances concentration levels in them, allowed the conclusion that the studied area should be classified as episodically polluted. Justification for the necessity to use several microalgae species of different taxonomic affiliation when performing marine water biotesting is provided in this study.
A Brief Review on Radiant Cooling Panel with Different Chilled Water Pipe Configurations
Authors: Mohammad Hakim Mohd. Radzai  , Chin Wai Lim  , Chong Tak Yaw  , Siaw Paw Koh  , Nur Amirani Ahmad  , Mohammad Shakeri  , Jagadeesh Pasupuleti
Published: December 2021

Radiant cooling systems are commonly applied in commercial applications because of their energy-saving potential. This potential can be further enhanced by evaluating the cooling performance of the radiant cooling panel in terms of flow configurations. Although studies have been conducted on the flow configurations of the radiant cooling panel, the most suitable flow configurations have yet to be determined. The conventional serpentine flow configuration does not bring out the best cooling performance of the radiant cooling panel, therefore different flow configurations are still needed to be explored. This study conducted a quick literature review on the different radiant cooling systems as well as radiant cooling panel with different chilled water pipe configurations. The objective of this review is to provide a brief comparison of the performance of radiant cooling panel with different chilled water pipe configurations and to suggest further studies for the system development. The cooling characteristics and heat transfer of the panel are investigated by using numerical study. A comparison between the designs of flow configurations is presented. In all of the cases, the plate area and flow volume are fixed. Based on the findings obtained, applying a different chilled water pipe configuration on the radiant cooling panel will affect the flow uniformity and also the temperature distribution uniformity. An optimized flow configurations for the radiant cooling panel is important for enhancing the overall efficiency of the system.
Flow and Heat Transfer of MHD Dusty Nanofluid Toward Moving Plate with Convective Boundary Condition
Authors: Euwing Low  , Syahira Mansur  , Yaan Yee Choy  , Eugene Low
Published: December 2021

This paper considers the flow and heat transfer characteristics of dusty nanofluid over a moving plate in the presence of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) with convective boundary condition. Two types of nanofluid namely CuO-water and Al2O3-water permeated with dust particles are considered. The governing partial differential equations are converted into a system of non-linear ordinary differential equations using similarity transformation, then the non-linear ordinary differential equations are solved using shooting method with fourth-fifth order Runge-Kutta Fehlberg method (RKF45). The influence of non-dimensional governing parameters such as velocity ratio parameter, magnetic field parameter, volume fraction of the nanoparticle, volume fraction of the dust particle, mass concentration of the dust particle, fluid particle interaction parameter for velocity, fluid particle interaction parameter for temperature and Biot number on the velocity and temperature profiles for fluid and dust phases of CuO-water and Al2O3-water dusty nanofluids are discussed and presented through graphs. The skin friction coefficient and Nusselt number are discussed and presented in tabular form.
MHD Heat and Mass Transfer Steady Flow of a Convective Fluid Through a Porous Plate in The Presence of Multiple Parameters
Authors: Obulesu Mopuri  , Charankumar Ganteda  , Bhagyashree Mahanta  , Giulio Lorenzini
Published: December 2021

The main aim of this investigation is to study thermo diffusion, heat source/sink, Joule and chemical effects on heat transfer in MHD mixed convection flow and mass transfer past an infinite vertical plate with ohmic heating and viscous dissipation have been studied. We consider the mixed convection flow of an incompressible and electrically conducting viscous fluid such that x* -axis is taken along the plate in upward direction and y* -axis is normal to it. A transverse constant magnetic field is applied i.e., in the direction of y*-axis. Approximate solutions have been derived for velocity, temperature, concentration profiles, skin friction, rate of heat transfer and rate of mass transfer using perturbation technique. The obtained results are discussed with the help of graphs to observe the effect of various parameters like Grashof number (Gr), the modified Grashof number (Gm), magnetic parameter (M), Permeability parameter(K), Prandtl number (Pr), Heat Sink(Q), Radiation Parameter (F), Soret parameter (S0), Eckert number (E),Schmidt number(Sc) and Chemical reaction parameter(K0) taking two cases viz. Fluid velocity, temperature and concentration profiles are comparison with Pr=0.71(Air) and Pr =7 (Water) various parameters in cooled and heated plates. Case I: when Gr > 0 (flow on cooled plate), and Case II: Gr < 0, (flow on heated plate). Both the fluid velocity and concentration rising with the increment values of Soret parameter in the fluids Air and Water and also discussed skin friction, Nusselt number and Sherwood number in the fluid’s mercury, electrolytic solution, air and water. The novelty of this study is the consideration of simultaneous occurrence of radiation, heat absorption as well as thermo- diffusion in the magnetic field. It varies in several aspects such as non-dimensional parameters, analytical solutions, and graphical solutions, the analytic solution using the Perturbation technique, and numerical solution using Matlab software for the profile.
Numerical Analysis on the Crosswind Influence Around a Generic Train Moving on Different Bridge Configurations
Authors: Izuan Amin Ishak  , Nurshafinaz Maruai  , Fadhilah Mohd Sakri  , Rahmah Mahmudin  , Nor Afzanizam Samiran  , Syabillah Sulaiman  , Shaiful Fadzil Zainal Abidin  , Nik Normunira Mat Hassan
Published: December 2021

In this article, a numerical approach is applied to study the flow regimes surround a generic train model travelling on different bridge configurations under the influence of crosswind. The bridge is varies based on the different geometry of the bridge girder. The crosswind flow angle (Ψ) is varied from 0° to 90°. The incompressible flow around the train was resolved by utilizing the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations combined with the SST k-ω turbulence model. The Reynolds number used, based on the height of the train and the freestream velocity, is 3.7 × 105. In the results, it was found that variations of the crosswind flow angles produced different flow regimes. Two unique flow regimes appear, representing (i) slender body flow behaviour at a smaller range of Ψ (i.e. Ψ ≤ 45°) and (ii) bluff body flow behaviour at a higher range of Ψ (i.e. Ψ ≥ 60°). As the geometries of the bridge girder were varied, the bridge with the wedge girder showed the worst aerodynamic properties with both important aerodynamic loads (i.e. side force and rolling moment), followed by the triangular girder and the rectangular girder. This was due to the flow separation on the windward side and flow structure formation on the leeward side, both of which are majorly influenced by the flow that moved from the top and below of the bridge structures.
América Latina: 2022
Authors: Solari De La Fuente Luis
Published: December 2021

El mundo está en un proceso de cambio amplio, complejo, rápido y no secuencial. Parte de ese cambio ha sido el creciente desarrollo de la Cuenca del Océano Pacífico, hecho que ha valorizado la relevancia geostratégica de América Latina como el gran territorio biocéanico. La Región no tiene una agenda multinacional al respecto. Sus administraciones públicas no han podido resolver acuciantes problemas crónicos, cuya solución es indispensable para avanzar en la indispensable integración estratégica para el desarrollo de acciones conjuntas en la citada Cuenca. La pandemia de la COVID-19 ha mostrado esa ineficacia de nuestras administraciones públicas latinoamericanas en el control de la misma, como ejemplo de lo que es urgente corregir. Se plantean caminos de solución.
participación del Perú en el Consejo de Seguridad (2006- 2007): Haití, la República Democrática del Congo y Timor-Leste
Authors: Morote Canales Ricardo Estanislao
Published: December 2021

El presente artículo recoge la contribución del Perú en los trabajos del Consejo de Seguridad durante el período 2006-2007. Entre los principales temas destacan la adaptación del Consejo de Seguridad a una nueva agenda post Guerra Fría caracterizada por el surgimiento de conflictos intraestatales en estados desplazados del progreso, con instituciones frágiles y con precarios indicadores de desarrollo que amenazaban a la paz y seguridad internacionales. Entre los temas abordados por el Consejo de Seguridad analizaremos los casos de Haití, la República Democrática del Congo y Timor - Leste en los cuales el Perú tuvo una participación directa debido que fue parte y lideró el “Grupo de Amigos de Haití” y el “Grupo de Amigos de Timor-Leste” en el 2006 y 2007 y los Representantes Permanentes del Perú ante las Naciones Unidas ejercieron la Presidencia del Comité del Consejo de Seguridad establecido en virtud de la resolución 1533 (2004) relativa a la República Democrática del Congo el 2006 y 2007, respectivamente.
Orbital Dynamics and the Evolution of Planetary Habitability in the AU Mic System
Authors: Kane Stephen R. , Foley Bradford J. , Hill Michelle L. , Unterborn Cayman T. , Barclay Thomas , Cale Bryson , Gilbert Emily A. , Plavchan Peter , Wittrock Justin M.
Published: December 2021

The diverse planetary systems that have been discovered are revealing the plethora of possible architectures, providing insights into planet formation and evolution. They also increase our understanding of system parameters that may affect planetary habitability, and how such conditions are influenced by initial conditions. The AU Mic system is unique among known planetary systems in that it is a nearby, young, multiplanet transiting system. Such a young and well-characterized system provides an opportunity for orbital dynamical and habitability studies for planets in the very early stages of their evolution. Here, we calculate the evolution of the Habitable Zone of the system through time, including the pre-main-sequence phase that the system currently resides in. We discuss the planetary atmospheric processes occurring for an Earth-mass planet during this transitional period, and provide calculations of the climate state convergence age for both volatile rich and poor initial conditions. We present results of an orbital dynamical analysis of the AU Mic system that demonstrate the rapid eccentricity evolution of the known planets, and show that terrestrial planets within the Habitable Zone of the system can retain long-term stability. Finally, we discuss follow-up observation prospects, detectability of possible Habitable Zone planets, and how the AU Mic system may be used as a template for studies of planetary habitability evolution.
3D Parameter Maps of Red Clump Stars in the Milky Way: Absolute Magnitudes and Intrinsic Colors
Authors: Wang Shu , Chen Xiaodian
Published: December 2021

Red clump stars (RCs) are useful tracers of distances, extinction, chemical abundances, and Galactic structures and kinematics. Accurate estimation of RC parameters—absolute magnitude and intrinsic color—is the basis for obtaining high-precision RC distances. By combining astrometric data from Gaia; spectroscopic data from APOGEE and LAMOST; and multiband photometric data from Gaia, APASS, Pan-STARRS1, 2MASS, and WISE surveys, we use a Gaussian process regression to train machine learners to derive the multiband absolute magnitudes M

λ
and intrinsic colors

(

λ

1

−

λ

2

)

0

for each spectral RC. The dependence of M

λ
on metallicity decreases from optical to infrared bands, while the dependence of M

λ
on age is relatively similar in each band.

(

λ

1

−

λ

2

)

0

are more affected by metallicity than age. The RC parameters are not suitable to be represented by simple constants but are related to the Galactic stellar population structure. By analyzing the variation of M

λ
and

(

λ

1

−

λ

2

)

0

in the spatial distribution, we construct (R, z) dependent maps of mean absolute magnitudes and mean intrinsic colors of the Galactic RCs. Through external and internal validation, we find that using three-dimensional (3D) parameter maps to determine RC parameters avoids systematic bias and reduces dispersion by about 20% compared to using constant parameters. Based on Gaia's EDR3 parallax, our 3D parameter maps, and extinction–distance profile selection, we obtain a photometric RC sample containing 11 million stars with distance and extinction measurements.
A Self-Calibrating Halo-Based Group Finder: Application to SDSS
Authors: Tinker Jeremy L.
Published: December 2021

We apply a new galaxy group-finder to the Main Galaxy Sample of the SDSS. This algorithm introduces new freedom to assign halos to galaxies that is self-calibrated by comparing the catalog to complementary data. These include galaxy clustering data and measurements of the total satellite luminosity from deep-imaging data. We present constraints on the galaxy-halo connection for star-forming and quiescent populations. The results of the self-calibrated group catalog differ in several key ways from previous group catalogs and halo-occupation analyses. The transition halo mass scale, where half of the halos contain quiescent central galaxies, is at M

h
∼ 1012.4
h
−1
M
⊙, significantly higher than other constraints. Additionally, the width of the transition from predominantly star-forming halos to quiescent halos occurs over a narrower range in halo mass. Quiescent central galaxies in low-mass halos are significantly more massive than star-forming centrals at the same halo mass, but this difference reverses above the transition halo mass. We find that the scatter in

log

M

*

at fixed M

h
is ∼0.2 dex for massive halos, in agreement with previous estimates, but rises sharply at lower halo masses. The halo masses assigned by the group catalog are in good agreement with weak-lensing estimates for star-forming and quiescent central galaxies. We discuss possible improvements to the algorithm made clear by this first application to data. The group catalog is made publicly available.
How Identifying Circumgalactic Gas by Line-of-sight Velocity instead of the Location in 3D Space Affects O vi Measurements
Authors: Ho Stephanie H. , Martin Crystal L. , Schaye Joop
Published: December 2021

The high incidence rate of the O vi
λλ1032, 1038 absorption around low-redshift, ∼L
* star-forming galaxies has generated interest in studies of the circumgalactic medium. We use the high-resolution EAGLE cosmological simulation to analyze the circumgalactic O vi gas around z ≈ 0.3 star-forming galaxies. Motivated by the limitation that observations do not reveal where the gas lies along the line of sight, we compare the O vi measurements produced by gas within fixed distances around galaxies and by gas selected using line-of-sight velocity cuts commonly adopted by observers. We show that gas selected by a velocity cut of ±300 km s−1 or ±500 km s−1 produces a higher O vi column density, a flatter column density profile, and a higher covering fraction compared to gas within 1, 2, or 3 times the virial radius (r
vir) of galaxies. The discrepancy increases with impact parameter and worsens for lower-mass galaxies. For example, compared to the gas within 2 r
vir, identifying the gas using velocity cuts of 200–500 km s−1 increases the O vi column density by 0.2 dex (0.1 dex) at 1 r
vir to over 0.75 dex (0.7 dex) at ≈ 2 r
vir for galaxies with stellar masses of 109–109.5
M
⊙ (1010–1010.5
M
⊙). We furthermore estimate that excluding O vi outside r
vir decreases the circumgalactic oxygen mass measured by Tumlinson et al. (2011) by over 50%. Our results demonstrate that gas at large line-of-sight separations but selected by conventional velocity windows has significant effects on the O vi measurements and may not be observationally distinguishable from gas near the galaxies.
Measuring the Mass of the Large Magellanic Cloud with Stellar Streams Observed by S
5
Authors: Shipp Nora , Erkal Denis , Drlica-Wagner Alex , Li Ting S. , Pace Andrew B. , Koposov Sergey E. , Cullinane Lara R. , Da Costa Gary S. , Ji Alexander P. , Kuehn Kyler , Lewis Geraint F. , Mackey Dougal , Simpson Jeffrey D. , Wan Zhen , Zucker Daniel B. , Bland-Hawthorn Joss , Ferguson Peter S. , Lilleengen Sophia ,   ( S 5 Collaboration)
Published: December 2021

Stellar streams are excellent probes of the underlying gravitational potential in which they evolve. In this work, we fit dynamical models to five streams in the Southern Galactic hemisphere, combining observations from the Southern Stellar Stream Spectroscopic Survey (S
5), Gaia EDR3, and the Dark Energy Survey, to measure the mass of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC). With an ensemble of streams, we find a mass of the LMC ranging from ∼14–19 × 1010
M
⊙, probed over a range of closest approach times and distances. With the most constraining stream (Orphan–Chenab), we measure an LMC mass of

18.8

−
4.0

+
3.5

×

10

10

M

⊙

, probed at a closest approach time of 310 Myr and a closest approach distance of 25.4 kpc. This mass is compatible with previous measurements, showing that a consistent picture is emerging of the LMC’s influence on structures in the Milky Way. Using this sample of streams, we find that the LMC’s effect depends on the relative orientation of the stream and LMC at their point of closest approach. To better understand this, we present a simple model based on the impulse approximation and we show that the LMC’s effect depends both on the magnitude of the velocity kick imparted to the stream and the direction of this kick.
Human-wildlife conflicts and drought in the greater Calakmul Region, Mexico: implications for tapir conservation
Authors: Pérez-Flores Jonathan , Mardero Sofía , López-Cen Antonio , Contreras-Moreno Fernando M.
Published: December 2021

Wildlife conservation efforts in the Mesoamerican Biological Corridor have focused on reducing negative interactions between humans and charismatic species. In recent years, droughts have increased in frequency and intensity in southeastern Mexico exacerbating conflicts with wildlife as they compete with humans for limited water. In the Yucatan Peninsula, Greater Calakmul Region of southeastern Mexico, Baird’s tapirs (Tapirus bairdii) are increasingly encroaching into local villages (ejidos) in search of water. This behavior could increase tapir mortality from hunting by Calakmul ejidos residents. We evaluated the trends between annual precipitation and tapir sightings near or within Calakmul ejidos from 2008 to 2019 to determine if the frequency of reported conflicts increased relative to decreased precipitation. In addition, with community participation, from 2016 to 2018 we monitored one of the ejidos where human-tapir conflicts were reported to be increasing to better describe the nature of conflicts. We did not find any relationship between the number of tapir sightings reported and annual precipitation. However, more tapirs were documented near ejidos in 2019, which is one of the years with the lowest rainfall (626.6 mm) in the last decade. Tapirs were reported as the most common wildlife species observed at waterholes (35.4%) and apiaries (32.1%). Our findings suggested that water scarcity has increased tapirs’ incursions into human-populated areas and subsequently the potential for human-tapir conflicts. We recommend that managers consider developing alternative water sources that could mitigate human-tapir conflicts and contribute to the long-term viability of other wildlife species that inhabit the Greater Calakmul Region of southeastern Mexico.
Incongruent molecular and morphological variation in the crab spider Synema globosum (Araneae, Thomisidae) in Europe
Authors: Urfer Karin , Spasojevic Tamara , Klopfstein Seraina , Baur Hannes , Lasut Liana , Kropf Christian
Published: December 2021

Establishing species boundaries is one of the challenges taxonomists around the world have been tackling for centuries. The relation between intraspecific and interspecific variability is still under discussion and in many taxa it remains understudied. Here the hypothesis of single versus multiple species of the crab spider Synema globosum (Fabricius) is tested. The wide distribution range as well as its high morphological variability makes this species an interesting candidate for re-evaluation using an integrative approach. This study combines information from barcoding, phylogenetic reconstruction based on mitochondrial CO1 and ITS2 of more than 60 specimens collected over a wide range of European localities, and morphology. The findings show deep clades with up to 6% mean pairwise distance in the CO1 barcode without any biogeographical pattern. The nuclear ITS2 gene did not support the CO1 clades. Morphological assessment of somatic and genital characters in males and females and a morphometric analysis of the male palp uncovered high intraspecific variation that does not match the CO1 or ITS2 phylogenies or biogeography either. Screening for endosymbiotic Wolbachia bacteria was conducted and only a single infected specimen was found. Several scenarios might explain these inconsistent patterns. While the deep divergences in the barcoding marker might suggest cryptic or ongoing speciation or geographical isolation in the past, the lack of congruent variation in the nuclear ITS2 gene or the studied morphological character systems, especially the male palp, indicates that S. globosum might simply be highly polymorphic both in terms of its mtDNA and morphology. Therefore, more data on ecology and behaviour and full genome sequences are necessary to ultimately resolve this taxonomically intriguing case.
Reflecting on the Concept of Compassion Fatigue
Authors: Sabo Brenda
Published: December 2021

A review of the literature on the health of nurses leaves little doubt that their work may take a toll on their psychosocial and physical health and well being.Nurses working in several specialty practice areas, such as intensive care, mental health, paediatrics, and oncology have been found to be particularly vulnerable to work-related stress. Several types of occupational stress have been identified, including burnout, compassion fatigue, and vicarious traumatization. While the emphasis of this article is on compassion fatigue and its theoretical conceptualization, the concepts of burnout and vicarious traumatization are also discussed. Two questions are posed for discussion: 1) Does compassion fatigue exist on a continuum of occupational stress? If so, is burnout a pre-condition for compassion fatigue; 2) What are the relationships between the types of occupational stress? To what extent does non-resolution of compassion fatigue increase the risk for developing vicarious traumatization? Case examples are provided to support this discussion.
Compassion Fatigue: A Nurse’s Primer
Authors: Lombardo Barbara , Eyre Caryl
Published: December 2021

Most nurses enter the field of nursing with the intent to help others and provide empathetic care for patients with critical physical, mental, emotional, and spiritual needs. Empathic and caring nurses, however, can become victims of the continuing stress of meeting the often overwhelming needs of patients and their families, resulting in compassion fatigue. Compassion fatigue affects not only the nurse in terms of job satisfaction and emotional and physical health, but also the workplace environment by decreasing productivity and increasing turnover. We begin this article with a case study of a reactive nurse who did not seek help for her continuing stress. This is followed by a review of Watson’s theoretical perspective related to compassion fatigue. Next we delineate symptoms of, and describe interventions for addressing compassion fatigue. We conclude by presenting a case study of a proactive nurse who avoided developing compassion fatigue and a discussion of future research needed to better prevent and ameliorate compassion fatigue.
Compassion Fatigue Within Double Duty Caregiving: Nurse-Daughters Caring for Elderly Parents
Authors: Ward-Griffin Catherine , St-Amant Oona , Brown Judith
Published: December 2021

This article examines compassion fatigue within double duty caregiving, defined here as the provision of care to elderly relatives by practicing nurses. Using qualitative data from our two studies of Canadian double duty caregivers, we identified and interviewed 20 female registered nurses whom we described as “living on the edge.” The themes of context, characteristics, and consequences emerged from the findings. In this article, we argue that being both a nurse and a daughter leads to the blurring of boundaries between professional and personal care work, which ultimately predisposed these caregivers to compassion fatigue. We found that the context of double duty caregiving, specifically the lack of personal and professional resources along with increasing familial care expectations, shaped the development of compassion fatigue. Nurse-daughters caring for elderly parents under intense and prolonged conditions exhibited certain characteristics, such as being preoccupied and absorbed with their parents’ health needs. The continual negotiation between professional and personal care work, and subsequent erosion of those boundaries, led to adverse health consequences experienced by the nurse-daughters. The study findings point to the need to move beyond the individualistic conceptualization and medical treatment of compassion fatigue to one that recognizes the inherent socio-economic and political contextual factors associated with compassion fatigue. Advocating for practice and policy changes at the societal level is needed to decrease compassion fatigue amongst double duty caregivers. In this article we review the compassion fatigue literature, report our most recent study methods and findings, and discuss our conclusions.
Development of the Mammography Beliefs and Attitudes Questionnaire for Low-Health-Literacy Mexican-American Women
Authors: Lopez-McKee Gloria
Published: December 2021

Low-income, low-health-literacy Mexican-American women exhibit poor mammography screening participation and are being diagnosed at later stages of breast cancer than are non-Hispanic white women. No instrument has been available to measure the impact of cultural and psycho-social factors on the intent to seek mammography screening participation in this population. In this article the author describes the development process of the English Mammography Beliefs and Attitudes Questionnaire (MBAQ) and the Spanish Mammography Beliefs and Attitudes Questionnaire (SMBAQ). The Theory of Planned Behavior is the theoretical framework underlying these instruments designed to measure intent to seek mammography screening in low-health-literacy Mexican-American women. The process of developing the MBAQ utilized input from low-health-literacy Mexican-American women and an expert committee. The MBAQ was translated into Spanish and assessed for content validity and reading level. In the discussion, the author explains why the MBAQ and SMBAQ are appropriate tools for use with low-health-literacy Mexican-American women to measure their intentions to seek mammography screening. Limitations of the study and implications for practice and research are presented.
Patient-Centered Care in a Medical Home
Authors: Carver Colette , Jessie Anne
Published: December 2021

There is general consensus that our current healthcare delivery system will not be able to supply an adequate workforce, contain costs, and meet the ever-increasing chronic-care needs of the growing and aging population in the United States (US). Some of the major challenges to the U.S. healthcare system are faced by those on the front lines, namely the healthcare workers in primary care. Part of the emerging solution for primary care is the adoption of the Patient-Centered Medical Home Model. The intent of this model is to provide coordinated and comprehensive care rooted in a strong collaborative relationship. Carilion Clinic in Southwestern Virginia is implementing this patient-centered model in which a proactive, multidisciplinary care team collectively takes responsibility for each patient. In this article we will elaborate on the concepts of patient-centered care and patient-centered medical homes, after which we will offer an exemplar describing the process that Carilion Clinic is using to establish patient-centered medical homes throughout their primary care departments. Limitations of the Patient-Centered Medical Home Model will also be discussed.
Teaching Patient-Centered Care During the Silver Hour
Authors: Smith-Stoner Marilyn
Published: December 2021

Teaching students and clinicians about end-of-life care is an important part of healthcare. Utilizing the framework of the Silver Hour is one method of illustrating the urgent, intense comfort needs required by patients and families throughout the imminently dying process, wherever the patient may be receiving services. When death is imminent, it is extremely important to provide patient- and family-centered care as the waning moments of life transition to the first moments of death. A variety of instructional methods can be used can be used to teach students to provide multidimensional, patient-centered care at the end of life. The author begins by describing the basic concept of patient-centered care and by discussing the importance of teaching students about this level of care. Next she describes the concept of the Silver Hour, along with a discussion of how the Silver Hour relates to nursing education. She also notes the importance of both role modeling in providing patient-centered care and of drawing upon the five ways of knowing to strengthen the teaching of students about care during the Silver Hour.
Une justice pénale pour mineur·e·s doublement sélective
Authors: Teillet Guillaume
Published: December 2021

L’examen d’un corpus de 509 dossiers judiciaires, volet statistique d’une enquête ethnographique sur les parcours pénaux de jeunes poursuivi·e·s en France, permet de questionner l’articulation entre l’ancrage social de la pénalité et ses formes temporelles. La justice pénale des mineur·e·s présente ainsi deux niveaux de sélectivité sociale. Si elle concerne massivement des foyers populaires, seuls ceux en situation de désaffiliation sont surreprésentés au sein de la population pénale étudiée. La segmentation de l’appareil judiciaire redouble ensuite ce premier degré de sélectivité : les jeunes des ménages les plus intégrés à la société salariale font l’objet de médiations pénales plus légères, quand les plus précaires éprouvent les formes judiciaires les plus contraignantes.
Ruminer sa vengeance dans le plus grand des secrets : une réflexion sur la violence jihadiste en France (2015-2020)
Authors: Benraad Myriam
Published: December 2021

Rumination, secret et vengeance… Trois termes qui, à première vue, ne paraissent entretenir entre eux qu’un rapport distant, brouillé, mais qui ne s’en trouvent pas moins inscrits au cœur de la violence terroriste ayant frappé la France ces dernières années. Pour élucider leurs liens étroits et complexes, cette étude retient pour échantillon les attentats jihadistes perpétrés entre 2015 et 2020.