bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Siberian flying squirrel (Pteromys volans) in south of Eastern Europe: distribution boundaries and its changes
Authors:   National Museum of Natural History, NAS of Ukraine (Kyiv, Ukraine), Zagorodniuk Igor
Published: September 2022

Information on the former and current distribution of the Siberian flying squirrel on the plains of Eastern Europe was analysed, with special attention to the south-western segment of the species range, which in ancient times entered the territory of Ukraine (in the sense of its modern borders). The study, as a starting point of analysis, is based on the reports of researchers of the 18th and 19th centuries (mainly J. Güldenstedt and D. Bagaliy), repeated in a number of later publications, about the findings of the species in Sumy Oblast and its probably wider distribution in Polissia, in the Forest Steppe, or even in Podillia. Detailed descriptions of all former and modern records of the species with a cadastre of locations are given. This cadastre covers the entire south-western segment of the area, including the Dnipro and Volga basins. Information on finds of the species in the region is summarized in two sets of data, before and after 1960; they are all marked on the respective maps. The points of finds of the species are unevenly distributed, which may indicate unequal availability of data from different regions. However, the author believes that such unevenness is related to the peculiarities of the distribution of the species, since the absence of the species was shown for some of the locations in the data-absence zones, despite its detailed searches, and the dynamics of distribution limits were shown for some places. The south-western segment of the range of the flying squirrel can be described as a continuous wedge, in which the south-western border runs through the territory of Belarus along its north-eastern borders and the corresponding parts of neighbouring countries, through Polotsk, Baran, further along the border from the Russian Federation to Trubchevsk and further to the Bryansk Forest reserve, which is the southernmost location of the species. The eastern border of this segment goes to the Volga, reaching it in the area of Nizhny Novgorod, however, data indicate a large winding of the range boundary in this part to the north, to Safonovo, Rzhev, Mozhaisk, Obninsk, Pushchino and further to Ryazan. In Pushchino, the species is listed as an introducer. This loop of geographic range may indicate the isolated status of the western segment, from Berezina in the west to Desna in the east. It is assumed that this area of the range was formed as a result of the recent (15–18 centuries) expansion of the distribution limits of the species and their new reduction over the last 100 years (19–20 centuries), with a rate of reduction of about 100–160 km per century. There is a high the probability of finding the species in the north-east of Ukraine.
Dynamics of spatial distribution, burrowing activity, and foraging of the greater blind mole rat (Spalax microphthalmus)
Authors:   National Museum of Natural History, NAS of Ukraine (Kyiv, Ukraine), Korobchenko Marina
Published: September 2022

Original data on the burrowing and foraging activities of the greater blind mole rat (Spalax microphthalmus), which is distributed in the east of Ukraine, are generalised. The population density of this species depends directly on the amount of available food resources at the respective sites. The strategy of food storage forms according to the amount and type of available plant resources and depending on the preservation of natural habitat of mole rats. Their appearance in gardens and homesteads is related to anthropogenic changes of the environment at the dwelling sites of mole rats. The seasonal dynamics of their burrowing activity is well pronounced and includes the creation of a branching system of tunnels in the period of active vegetation of plants as well as the relocation or resettlement of animals in various habitats during the year, their lifetime, and population cycle. The length of tunnels, structure of burrows, and the structure of branched underground galleries are regulated by the density and spatial distribution of food resources. Based on the results of our study, specific features of the activity of the greater blind mole rat during various seasons of the years are described, including their active relocation both underground and on the surface, their burrowing at different horizons, the use of a great variety of food and the volumes of their storage for periods when the vegetation of plants ceases. Features of biotopic distribution and food storage of the greater blind mole rat are described in general and in relation to the species’ expansion into anthropogenically transformed parts of its range, including areas nearby to human settlements. The distribution of storage chambers is analysed, of both temporal chambers near the surface and deep-lying chambers, the ratio of which is about 3 : 1. The storage chambers often contain garden vegetables, although it is related not only to the preferences of mole rats, which are obvious too, but also to the fact that information about the storage chambers (especially deep-lying ones) is usually reported by people combating the mole rats for the stolen harvest. The average volume of low-lying chambers is 5–10 kg (1.0–1.5 buckets), whereas the average volume of deep-lying chambers is 20–30 kg. Data on the content of storage chambers revealed both in homesteads and natural or nearly natural sites are generalised.
Fifty years of the Theriological Society in Ukraine: key milestones
Authors:   National Museum of Natural History, NAS of Ukraine (Kyiv, Ukraine, Zagorodniuk Igor
Published: September 2022

Information on the formation and development of mammal research in Ukraine in the format of the activity of a scientific society is summarized. The beginning of systematic research was determined by such events as the formation of academic programs and research groups for the study of mammalian fauna (study of fauna composition, distribution, taxonomy, morphology, and population dynamics), the economic importance of mammals (game species, pests, and role in zoonoses), study of the history of fauna and some systematic groups (palaeontology, archaeozoology, and phylogenetics), and analysis of fauna changes (synanthropy, alien species, red book, environmental and climate changes). Such directions were formed in the academy of sciences, universities, nature reserves, anti-plague and sanitary-epidemiological and plant protection stations, especially in 1950–1960, which led to the formation of relevant scientific schools, state programs, specialties, publications, and conference cycles. In June 1972, with the participation of Ukrainian academician I. Pidoplichko, the creation of the All-Union Theriological Society (AUTS) was initiated, and he became its vice-president. Over the next 10 years, theriological research in Ukraine expanded significantly, and in March 1982, the Ukrainian Branch of the AUTS (UB) was created, with 4 sections: paleozoology, morphology, game management, and ecology. In the spring of 1992, the UB was reorganized into the Ukrainian Theriological Society (UTS), and two more its sections were created: medical theriology and the Theriological School. The latter has focused on research carried out in the network of protected areas and biostations and has dealt with the organization of seminars for the exchange of experience and improvement of the qualification of colleagues, and soon it became the main form of activity of the UTS. Within its framework, several new groups were formed (monitoring of bats, large carnivores and small mammals, standardization of scientific terminology and nomenclature). In 1994 to 2022, 26 therioschools and 12 seminars were held, the website Terioshkola was created, dozens of issues were published, and the newsletter Novitates Theriologicae and the journal Theriologia Ukrainica (23 volumes) were established. To the 50th anniversary of the UTS, issues of the bulletin dedicated to the history of theriology have been prepared, which include encyclopaedic information about 183 people and an overview of scientific centres and regional studies.
Imaginarios y transformación de ecosistemas urbanos: humedal El Burro en Bogotá, Colombia 1950-2019
Authors: Matta Wanda
Published: September 2022

Este artículo aborda la relación entre agua y ciudad desde la perspectiva de los imaginarios sociales. Particularmente, estudiando el fenómeno de desecación de los humedales en Bogotá desde 1950 hasta el 2019, periodo en el que la ciudad perdió 98,67 % del área de estos ecosistemas. Se pretende investigar la matriz de sentido que hizo socialmente plausible esa variación en la geografía de la ciudad, para lo cual se toma como caso de estudio el humedal El Burro, ubicado al sur occidente de Bogotá en la localidad de Kennedy.
Para lograr este objetivo, en primera instancia se reconstruyó el proceso de transformación físico ambiental del humedal El Burro a partir de 1950. Luego, se identificó a los actores clave en dicha transformación y se recopilaron sus discursos sobre el humedal, incluidos los de la legislación relativa a los humedales desde 1905, los cuales fueron procesados para develar los imaginarios sociales que tales actores tenían sobre el ecosistema. De este modo, se identificaron cuatro imaginarios del humedal El Burro en el periodo observado: la desecación como beneficio, el potrero para lo indeseado, el recurso digno de protección y el ser lleno de vida, los tres primeros han sido imaginarios instituidos y el último es un imaginario instituyente. Finalmente, se observaron los imaginarios encontrados en relación con el proceso de transformación del ecosistema.
Se encontró que hay imaginarios sociales que pueden coexistir sin presentar conflicto entre ellos y, a su vez, imaginarios que están en una pugna constante por prevalecer. Se concluye que abordar los fenómenos urbanos desde los imaginarios sociales permite observarlos con una profundidad mayor de lo que se logra desde las tradicionales miradas disciplinares. También se halló que el imaginario social instituido sobre los ecosistemas urbanos es un mediador en la relación entre ciudad y agua que incide profundamente en la condición físicoambiental de los ecosistemas urbanos. De modo que esta dimensión intersubjetiva de la sociedad juega un papel clave en la recuperación y preservación de dichos ecosistemas.
Response of growth, photosynthesis, dry matter partition and roots to combined nitrogen–potassium stress in cucumber
Authors: Mao Hanping , Liu Yong , Wang Yafei , Ma Guoxin , Wang Bin , Du Xiaoxue , Shi Qiang , Ni Jiheng
Published: September 2022

In order to improve the yield of cucumber and ensure food safety by investigating the response of cucumber to nutrient stress, especially compound stress, gas-exchange and growth parameters, biomass, and root development were measured and compared. The results showed that compared with control (CK), different treatments had different effects on these parameters, and under short-term nitrogen (N) or potassium (K+) stress, the development of lateral roots and root hair was promoted. The research on the response of cucumber to nutrient stress provided a basis for establishing reasonable irrigation strategies as well as improvement of fertilizer utilization rate and cucumber yield, which was of great significance for maintaining national food security. In addition, this was beneficial to reveal the stress response mechanism of crops under NK stress and conduct in-depth research on the phenotypic information characteristics of cucumber under compound stress. It provided a theoretical basis for the subsequent construction of a comprehensive evaluation system for greenhouse cucumber health status.
Antimicrobial activity of aqueous dispersions of silver nanoparticles against pathogens of purulent-inflammatory diseases
Authors: Nechaeva Olga V. , Shulgina Tatiana A. , Zubova Ksenia V. , Glinskaya Elena V. , Bespalova Natalia V. , Darin Nikolay I. , Tichomirova Elena I. , Afinogenova Anna G.
Published: September 2022

Currently, metal nanostructures are widely used in medical, microbiological, and veterinary practice. Silver nanoparticles are especially promising as antimicrobial agents, becauseno published data regarding antimicrobial resistance are available. Whiledeveloping preparations based on metal nanoparticles, an important remainingissue is the choice of a stabilizer, introduction of which during the synthesis ensures the preservation of structures at the nanoscale range, and, consequently, relevant main characteristics, including biocidal properties. The object of the study was to investigate silver nanoparticle aqueous dispersions stabilized by natural and synthetic polymeric compounds. Routine strains of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria were used as experimental models: S. aureus 209 P, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Proteus mirabilis ATCC 3177 (O-form), Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 31488, obtained from the Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products. The antimicrobial activity of diverse variants of silver nanoparticle aqueous dispersions was assessed by serial dilution platingon dense nutrient medium. In this work, we examined no effect of silver nanoparticles without stabilizers, because their absence led to rapid agglomeration of nanostructures and loss of nanoscale characteristics. The highest sensitivity of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria was foundto the action of ansilver nanoparticle aqueous dispersions stabilized by polyazolidinammoniumand modified with iodine hydrate ions. Drug working concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 3% had a bactericidal effect against pathogens of purulent-inflammatory diseases, and the minimum working concentration of 0.125% led to decreased colony-forming units by 2057% for diverse bacterial strains. Silver nanoparticles stabilized with sodium dodecyl sulfate showed high efficiency against the studied test strainsprobably due to the high toxicity of the stabilizer used as was previously established during a comprehensive safety assessment using biotest objects and cell cultures. In this regard, its use as a component of antimicrobial preparations is not preferred. The results of the studies showed that among the variants of silver nanoparticle aqueous dispersions, preparations stabilized with polyvinyl alcohol and polyazolidinammonium modified with iodine hydrate ions are the most promising for use in biomedical practice, because they demonstrate a high level of antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria as causative agents of purulent-inflammatory diseases and a low toxicity level. This allows us to recommend them as safe and effective antimicrobial components indisinfectants, as well as antiseptic preparations for prevention and treatment of skin and soft tissue infectious diseases.
Assessing SARS-CoV-2-related mortality rate in Russian regions, based on the econometric model
Authors: Stepanov Vladimir S.
Published: September 2022

The objects of the study were the daily data on the population morbidity and mortality due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Russian regions, as well as regional medical, demographic and environmental data recorded in recent years. COVID-19 is a contagious disease caused by the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). The mathematical methods consist of correlation and regression analysis, methods of testing statistical hypotheses. First, a multiple Variable Structure Regression should be specified. The intercept in the model differs from region to region, depending on the combination of values for dummy variables. The role of the dependent variable Y t was chosen as the cumulative mortality published by the operational headquarters for the regions that has been linked to day t, so that COVID-19 was considered the main cause of death. The complex of explanatory variables included two factorial variables that changed daily, and had a lag relative to t value. Also, this complex included a number of variables that did not change with the growth of t: the explanatory variable with the regions availability with doctors of certain specialties; and four dummy variables. One of them coded the regions belonging to the two southern Russian Federal Districts. Three other variables characterized the increased air pollution in settlements recorded in recent years, as well as the level of radiation pollution of the regions territory and the population health estimated for 10 classes of diseases (for the circulatory system, endocrine system, etc.). The values of such dummy variables were obtained from open data from the Federal State Statistics Service (Rosstat) etc. The model parameters were estimated by the least squares method using the training table, which included 40 Russias regions, the t parameter for variable Y t was assessed starting from November, 1, 2021. As a result, a statistical model was built with an approximation error equal to 3%. For regions of the regions examined this error was 1.94 (1.5)% for the value Y t that has been fixed on the 1st Nov. The plots show daily prediction for mortality rate due to COVID-19 in the first half of November for seven Russian regions compared with actual data. The model can be useful in development of medical and demographic policy in geographic regions, as well as generating adjusted compartment models that based on systems of differential equations (SEIRF, SIRD, etc.).
Characteristics of respiratory tract bacterial microflora detected in patients suffering from community-acquired pneumonia during continuing spread of the new coronavirus infection in Khabarovsk city (december 2020 — march 2021)
Authors: Trotsenko Olga E. , Bondarenko Albina P. , Shmylenko Vlada A. , Bazykina Elena A. , Pshenichnaya Natalia Yu. , Zaitseva Tatiana A. , Tkacheva Natalia K. , Ogienko Olga N.
Published: September 2022

Objective of the research to specify respiratory tract bacterial microflora in patients suffering from community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) during initial and repeat examination. To determine local factors affecting microflora in the cohort examined.
Materials and methods. Surveillance subject 241 patients with CAP differed by their status and age who stayed in two healthcare facilities of the Khabarovsk city. Examination of respiratory smears was performed. Results. Indices of Gram-negative enterobacteria (30.8% [22.639.7%]) and Gram-negative nonfermentable bacteria (14.5% [8.621.7%]), isolated from patients hospitalized in healthcare institution No. 1 and mostly comprised of the elderly (aged over 61 years 82.0%; 74.388.6%) with more severe disease state including patients at the ICU, were higher compared to data obtained from healthcare institution No. 2 (19.8% (13.427.0); 6.1% (2.710.8) respectively). Prevalent pathogen was Klebsiella pneumoniae 13.6% (7.820.6) and 10.7% (6.016.5). Identification of Acinetobacter baumannii complex 6.4% (2.611.7) and 3.1% (0.86.7) should be also noted. A high percentage of drug-resistant bacterial variants was observed and for Klebsiella pneumoniae totaled 66.7% (41.887.4) and 57.1% (32.280.2) at the healthcare institutions No. 1 and No. 2, respectively. A. baumannii complex drug resistant variants were found in 85.7% (52.799.97) at healthcare institution No. 1. All isolates of A. baumannii complex at the healthcare institution No. 2 were drug resistant. High prevalence of Candida spp. was revealed in both healthcare institutions reaching 54.5% (45.263.7) and 58.0% (49.566.3), respectively, with minimal detection rate of classic pathogens such as S. pneumoniae 5.4% (2.010.4) and 5.3% (2.19.8) and H. influenzae 3.6% (0.97.9) and 3.8% (1.27.7), respectively. Repeat examination of 122 patients conducted 710 days later showed diverse changes in microflora spectrum regardless of the healthcare institution that was manifested as loss or emergence of drug-resistant variants as well as simultaneous presence of different variants of the same pathogen.
Conclusion. The results obtained evidence about complexity and variety of mechanisms underlying microorganism community formation during the course of infectious process in patients. Local factors influencing microflora characteristics of patients at the two healthcare institutions were revealed.
Detection of human papillomavirus, viral load and risk factors in patients with precancerous diseases and malignant neoplasms in St. Petersburg
Authors: Kholopov Dmitrii V. , Vyazovaya Anna A. , Topuzov Eldar E. , Alekseeva Diana A. , Molchanov Sergei V. , Lyalina Ludmila V.
Published: September 2022

Molecular genetic studies have revealed the involvement of different genotypes of human papillomavirus (HPV) in the carcinogenesis of cervical cancer and malignant lesions of other localizations. It is reported that patients with HPV-positive cancer have a better prognosis of the disease and survival than patients with unconfirmed HPV infection or with a low viral load. The objective was to identify the detectability, viral load, genotypes of human papillomavirus in HPV-associated precancerous and malignant neoplasia of various localization and to determine risk factors for their occurrence in the metropolis of St. Petersburg at the present time.
Materials and methods. A total of 80 samples taken from morphologically confirmed tissues of oropharyngeal and anal cancer, malignant tumors of vulva, vagina, cervix and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia were studied in St. Petersburg Clinical Oncologic Center. Detection, quantification and genotyping of HPV DNA were carried out by real-time PCR at the St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute.
Results. HPV was detected in 89.7% (61/68) of patients with malignant tumors and 83.3% (10/12) with severe cervical dysplasia. The vast majority (85.9%) of HPV-positive patients were infected with HPV genotype 16; papillomavirus mixed infection (genotypes 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45) was detected in anal cancer, cancer and severe cervical dysplasia. The average viral load in stages IIIIV of anal cancer, cervical cancer and severe cervical dysplasia exceeded 5.7 lg HPV DNA/105 cells. Among patients with oropharyngeal cancer, men predominated (85.7%); anal cancer was detected in women (90.0%). No statistically significant risk factors (smoking and alcohol consumption) for the occurrence of HPV-associated malignancies were identified.
Conclusions. The detection of HPV, mainly of genotype 16, varied depending on the location of the neoplasia: anal cancer 100%, cancer of the female genitalia 94% (in case of cancer of the vagina and cervix 100.0%), head and neck cancer 76.2%. The highest HPV DNA load in the tumor tissue was found in IIIIV stages of the cervical and anal cancer.
Aile ve Suç İlişkisi: Denetimli Serbestlikteki Gençler Üzerine Nitel Bir Çalışma
Authors: ŞENTÜRK DIZMAN Zeynep , OKTİK Nurgün
Published: September 2022

Aile her toplumda en temel kurumdur. Toplumun sağlıklı bir şekilde varlığını sürdürebilmesi, güçlü bir aile kurumunun varlığı ile ilgilidir. Bireyin yaşadığı sorunların aile ve sosyalizasyon sürecinden etkilendiği kabul edilmektedir. Son yıllarda yapılan araştırmalarda, toplum tarafından kabul görmeyen bazı olumsuz davranışların aile yapısı ile bağlantılı olduğu belirtilmektedir. Bireyin çocukluk döneminde aile ortamında yaşadığı sorunlar onun davranışlarını olumsuz etkileyerek suça yönelmesini sağlayabilir.Suç ve ceza birbirinin ikizidir. Geçmişten günümüze toplumsal cezalandırma uygulamalarında, değişen toplumsal yapıya göre düzenlemeler yapılmıştır. Geleneksel ceza sistemleri genel olarak suçluları toplumdan soyutlamayı seçerek kapatma uygular. Ancak hapsetmek suçun yeniden işlenmesi konusunda başarılı olamamıştır. Bu durum cezaevlerinin sayısının artmasıyla ve cezaevlerinin nüfusunun kalabalıklaşmasıyla daha iyi anlaşılmaktadır. Son yıllarda geleneksel ceza sistemlerinde bir takım değişimler yapılmaktadır. Denetimli serbestlik sistemi de bu değişimlerin bir parçası olarak suç işleyeni toplum içinde kontrol etmeyi hedefler. Böylece suç işleyenin toplum içinde onanması sağlanmaya çalışılır.Bu çalışmanın amacı, denetimli serbestliğe tabi tutulan gençlerin suç işlemelerinde ailenin etkisini sosyolojik suç teorilerinden sosyal öğrenme ve sosyal kontrol teorileri kapsamında incelemek ve ülkemizde, çok uzun olmasa da, etkin bir öneme ve değere sahip olan denetimli serbestliğin genç suçluluğunu önlemede yeterliliğini değerlendirmektir. Niteliksel araştırma yönteminin uygulandığı saha araştırmasında, “İstanbul Anadolu Denetimli Serbestlik Müdürlüğü’nde” denetime tabi tutulan 18-30 yaş arası 60 kişiyle derinlemesine görüşme yapılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, gençlerin suç işlemeleri ile aile yapıları arasında anlamlı bir ilişkinin bulunduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Yine denetime tabi tutulan gençlerden elde edilen veriler doğrultusunda, sistemin geliştirilmesine ihtiyaç duyulduğu hususu ortaya çıkmıştır.
Mey İcrâsında Kullanılan Süslemeler ve İcrâ Tekniklerinin Transkripsiyonlarına Dair Bir Öneri: Zafer Taşdan Örneği
Authors: ŞAHİN Hasan Hüseyin , DEMİR Sertan
Published: September 2022

21. yüzyılın önde gelen Türk halk müziği nefesli icrâcılarından biri olan TRT sanatçısı Taşdan, yurt içi ve yurt dışında sayısız konserlerde yer almış; sayısız albüme mey, zurna, duduk çalgılarıyla eşlik etmiş ve ülkemizi, kültürümüzü birçok sanat mecralarında temsil etmiştir. İcrâ tavrının oluşumunda Aşkale yöresine ait birçok türkünün kaynak kişisi olan dedesi Ağa Taşdan’dan, kendi tabiriyle “bizler pet şişenin içine konulmuş sularız, o kaynağın kendisi” diye tabir ettiği Binali Selman’dan ve Deniz Selman, Musa Uzunkaya, Adil Ural, Müslüm Abay gibi usta isimlerden beslenerek bu alanda ekol olarak kabul edilmektedir. Bu bağlamda gerek araştırmanın amacına yönelik gerekse Zafer Taşdan özelinde Türk halk müziğinin bünyesinde önemli bir yere sahip olan mey çalgısında kullanılan süslemeler ve icra tekniklerinin transkripsiyonları nasıldır? Problem cümlesinden yola çıkılarak yapılan bu araştırmanın bizlere cevabını verecek en önemli örneklerden bir tanesidir. Türk müziği, bünyesinde gerek yapısal gerekse teknik anlamda birbirinden farklı, oldukça zengin çeşitliliğe sahip birçok çalgıyı barındırmaktadır. Bundan dolayı her çalgısının kendi içerisinde var olan dinamikler ve bunların ifadeleri, bizlere kendi dünyalarında müstakil bir evreni sunmaktadır. Her çalgının ayrıca kendine has bir repertuvar evreni vardır. Bu repertuvar evreni, icrâcının sanatsal yeteneği ve oluşum sürecinin mitik arka planıyla birlikte, çalgının kendi anlam dünyasında var olan yapısal ve teknik zenginliklerle birleşerek ontolojik olarak farklı yaratımlarla beraber karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Dolayısıyla her çalgının gerek yazınsal gerek tınısal gerekse ifadesel anlamda birbirinden farklı unsurları bulunmaktadır. Mey özelinde yapılan bu araştırma, öncelikli olarak mey icrâsında kullanılan süslemeler ve icrâ tekniklerinin transkripsiyonlarına dair bir öneri sunmak ve bu duruma bağlı olarak sanatçının mey icrâ tavrını incelemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırma, sanatçının mey ile icrâ ettiği ezgiler içerisinde bulunan teknik yapının çözümlendirilmesiyle beraber metodolojik açıdan çalgı eğitimine katkı sağlaması, çift kamışlı ve diğer kategorideki Türk müziği nefesli çalgılar ile ilgili yapılacak çalışmalara bir model oluşturması açısından önemlidir. Nitel yöntem ve tekniklerinin kullanıldığı bu araştırma, tarama modeli ile yapılandırılmış, veriler; belgesel tarama, görüşme tekniklerinden yararlanılarak elde edilmiştir. İcrâ tekniklerinden; üfleme tekniği, nefes tekniği ve dudak tekniğiyle sınırlandırılan bu araştırmanın evrenini sanatçının mey ile icrâ etmiş olduğu ezgiler, örneklemini ise olası ve seçkisiz olmayan amaçsal örnekleme yöntemine göre seçilmiş beş ezgi oluşturmaktadır. Bu makalenin “Sakarya Üniversitesi Rektörlüğü Etik Kurulu 05.11.2021 tarihli E-61923333-050.99-77701 sayılı kararına göre etik kurul onayı alınmıştır”.
A composição do endividamento das firmas e a macroeconomia do capital
Authors: Campos Octávio Valente , Lamounier Wagner Moura , Souza Rafael Morais de
Published: September 2022

O objetivo desta pesquisa é analisar a influência que as políticas monetárias exercem sobre a composição do endividamento das corporações brasileiras. Desse objetivo derivam 2 hipóteses. A primeira analisa o agregado da amostra e a segunda direciona os testes para os setores produtivos. A amostra do estudo é composta por 220 empresas: 84 de bens de consumo, 89 de bens de capital e 47 de utilidade pública. Os dados coletados referem-se aos anos de 2009 a 2019. A metodologia empregada para a análise dos dados se dá por meio dos modelos de dados em painel, pela abordagem GMM. Segundo os resultados pode-se concluir - à luz da macroeconomia do capital - que a composição do endividamento das firmas pode ser determinada pelos momentos de mercado definidos pelas políticas monetárias, de modo que tal influência é distinta a depender do setor ao qual as empresas se situam na cadeia produtiva. Estes resultados complementam a literatura que estuda os impactos das políticas monetárias e de variáveis macroeconômicas sobre as finanças corporativas, principalmente por meio de modelagem econométrica estruturada em dados contábeis.
The composition of firms' indebtedness and the macroeconomy of capital
Authors: Campos Octávio Valente , Lamounier Wagner Moura , Souza Rafael Morais de
Published: September 2022

The objective of this research is to analyze the influence that monetary policies exert on the composition of the indebtedness of Brazilian corporations. From this objective, 2 hypotheses derive. The first analyzes the sample aggregate and the second directs the tests to the productive sectors. The study sample is composed of 220 companies: 84 of consumer goods, 89 of capital goods and 47 of public utility. The data collected refer to the years 2009 to 2019. The methodology used for data analysis is through panel data models, using the GMM approach. According to the results, it can be concluded - in the light of the macroeconomics of capital - that the composition of the firms' indebtedness can be determined by the market moments defined by the monetary policies, so that such influence is different depending on the sector to which the companies are located in the production chain. These results complement the literature that studies the impacts of monetary policies and macroeconomic variables on corporate finance, mainly through econometric modeling based on accounting data.
Integrating project-based infrastructures with long-term greenhouse gas observations in Africa
Authors: Bieri Mari , Du Toit Justin , Feig Gregor , Maluta Nnditshedzeni Eric , Mantlana Brian , Mateyisi Mohau , Midgley Guy F. , Mutanga Shingirirai , Von Maltitz Graham , Brümmer Christian
Published: September 2022

There is a lack of long-term greenhouse gas (GHG) measurement infrastructures in Africa. This limits our understanding of the temporal dynamics of the biosphere-atmosphere exchange of carbon in response to climate change. Where relevant infrastructures have been established in externally funded research projects, they have often not been successfully transferred to local institutions at project termination, nor maintained in the long term. This leads to loss of capacity and continuity in primary data. We describe a collaborative approach where eddy-covariance (EC) towers for continuous long-term observation of carbon dioxide and energy fluxes were constructed under two consecutive German-funded research projects and designed to complement existing South African infrastructures. They will be transferred to partner institutions at project termination, supported by deliberate capacity building actions for long term sustainability. Joint activities were implemented to i) strengthen technical expertise for infrastructure maintenance, ii) introduce new generation of academic scientists to the topic, iii) co-develop a training concept to enhance local capacity to continue teaching the topic, iv) improve the uptake and use of data by the research community, v) improve data use and access by stakeholders, and vi) facilitate knowledge exchange between institutions. Co-designed activities included training, apprenticeships and knowledge exchange, student exchange, co-supervision, and public outreach. Following a similar model in international research projects could significantly benefit 1) national capacity for emission inventories, 2) development of long-term GHG observation networks, and 3) the global scientific community via improved availability of data. While we specifically focus on a network of GHG observations, the principles are applicable for the infrastructure to observe other surface/atmosphere exchange processes or other long term observational infrastructure.
Language, education, and transformation in Bianca Marais’s Hum If You Don’t Know the Words
Authors: Fincham Gail
Published: September 2022

In this article, I analyse Bianca Marais’s debut novel Hum If You Don’t Know the Words (2017). I consider first its relation to the historical events of the Soweto Uprising of 1976, and then examine its methods of composition. The issue precipitating the Soweto Uprising, when hundreds of black schoolchildren were gunned down by the police, was the refusal of blacks in Soweto to be taught in Afrikaans rather than in their home languages. Their revolt was both tragic and triumphant: tragic because of the sacrifice of young lives, triumphant because it marked Sowetans’ new power to insist on their ownership of language. In the spirit of this linguistic autonomy, Marais celebrates the power of language to create intercultural and intergenerational encounters, scripting dialogue which marries social diversity with linguistic elasticity. In this marriage her writing is strongly consonant with the work of the Russian linguist and philosopher Mikhail Bakhtin, whose text Art and Answerability examines the ethics of writing and helps the reader to piece together the agency of the implied author. Searching for the perspectives of the implied author reveals Marais’s political activism as well as her mastery of dialogue. Her novel belongs to the tradition created by writers in the 1970s and 1980s—when apartheid was in full force—to anticipate a post-apartheid world. Marais’s novel illustrates a political, cultural, and linguistic reinvention through its manipulation of narrative.
How Do External Shocks Affect the Economic Efficiency of Companies with Foreign Direct Investment?
Authors: Федорова Елена Анатольевна , Николаев Алексей Эдуардович , Мирзоева Регина Низамовна
Published: September 2022

The purpose of this study is to assess the effectiveness of export and import activities of domestic companies with foreign direct investment during the external shocks. The relevance of the research is due to the fact that the impact of side effects of FDI on domestic companies and economic uncertainty after the sanctions and the outbreak of the pandemic was ambiguous. The empirical base contains about 170,000 observations on 18,799 operating companies with a foreign capital share of at least 10% for the period from 2012 to 2020, obtained from the Ruslana database - Bureau Van Dijk. For the purposes of the study, the companies are grouped by the industry and their roles in international trade. Efficiency assessment is measured by using the data envelopment analysis (DEA), taking into account the spillover effects from foreign direct investment. The results of the study confirm that firms that trade in both directions have better performance. Next come companies focused only on export or import. Companies that are not involved in international trade are the least efficient (hypothesis 1). Industries that benefit from FDI inflows include more capital-intensive sectors (hypothesis 2). External shocks have a negative impact on the efficiency of companies with FDI (hypothesis 3). This understanding has important implications for long-term economic growth and the recovery of the Russian economy in the current external shocks.
SimplePanzanella Salad v1
Authors: Teytelman Lenny
Published: September 2022

(This recipe is based on the "Panzanella With Mozzarella and Herbs" by Melissa Clark in the New York Times.) This Tuscan salad is like an Italian version of Gazpacho. Perfect when tomatoes are in season and you have some stale white bread. This version is simplified; please see the NYT recipe for a fancier meal.
Fen Lisesi 12. Sınıf Fizik Ders Kitabının Bilimsel İçerik Bakımından İncelenmesi
Authors: TÜRK Osman , KARADAĞ Mustafa
Published: September 2022

Bu çalışmada, fen lisesi 12. sınıf fizik ders kitabı bilimsel içerik bakımından incelenmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında 12. sınıf fen lisesi fizik ders kitabında yer alan konuların bilimsel açıklamaları, ölçme-değerlendirme etkinlikleri ve görsel ifadeleri ulusal ve uluslararası literatürdeki kaynaklara göre karşılaştırılarak incelenmiştir. Yapılmış olan bu çalışmada doküman incelemesine dayalı tarama modeli kullanılmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında 12. sınıf Fen Lisesi fizik ders kitabında yer alan altı ünite ve 20 konu ulusal ve uluslararası literatürde fizik öğretiminde kullanılan 13 kaynaktaki bilgilere göre incelenmiş ve bilimsel yönden 25 tane hatalı veya eksik ifade tespit edilmiştir. Tespit edilen hatalı veya eksik ifadelerle bu ifadelerin bilimsel açıdan olması gereken doğru biçimleri tablolar halinde gösterilmiştir. Araştırmanın sonuçları doğrultusunda fizik ders kitaplarındaki hataların en aza indirilebilmesi için kitap yazım sürecinde ulusal ve uluslararası tüm kaynakların gözden geçirilmesi ve fizik ders kitaplarının incelendiği çalışmaların sayısının artırılması gerektiği önerilmiştir.
Kavram Öğretimi Sürecine Öğrenme Amaçlı Yazmayı Eklemlemek: Bir Müdahaleli Karma Desen Araştırması
Authors: BAŞCI NAMLI Zeynep , MERAL Elif , KAYAALP Fatih
Published: September 2022

Bu çalışmanın amacı, öğrenme amaçlı yazma etkinliklerinin sosyal bilgiler dersine özgü kavramların öğretimi üzerindeki etkisini incelemektir. Karma araştırma yaklaşımları içerinde yer alan müdahaleli karma desene göre tasarlanan bu çalışma, toplam 18 ilkokul dördüncü sınıf öğrencisinin katılımı ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Uygulama sürecinde farklı kavramlara odaklanmış on farklı öğrenme amaçlı yazma etkinliğine yer verilerek, öğrencilerin kavram öğrenme süreçleri yakından takip edilmiştir. Araştırma verileri açık uçlu kavram bilgi testi, kavram akademik başarı testi, yapılandırılmış sınıf içi gözlem formu ve yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu ile toplanmıştır. Toplanan nicel veriler betimsel ve kestirimsel istatistikler kullanılarak analiz edilirken nitel veriler içerik analizi ile çözümlenmiştir. Öğrencilerin neleri öğrenip neleri öğrenmediğini somut bir şekilde yansıtan öğrenme amaçlı yazma etkinlikleri, bir yandan öğrenciye gizil bir dönüt sağlarken öte yandan öğretmenlerin kendi öğretim süreçlerine projeksiyon tutmuştur. Sağlanan bu projeksiyon öğrenciyi yazma, öğretmeni ise öğretme sürecinde öz düzenlemeye yöneltmiştir. Böylece araştırma sonucunda başta milli egemenlik, demokrasi, özgürlük gibi soyut ve öğrenilmesinde zorlanılan kavramlar olmak üzere etkin vatandaşlık öğrenme alanında yer alan kavramların öğrenme amaçlı yazma etkinlikleri ile daha kolay öğrenildiği görülmüştür. Benzer şekilde kavram öğrenimi sürecinde öğrencilerin harcadığı zihinsel çaba, farklı muhatapların anlayacağı şekilde dizayn edilen sosyal bilgiler dili, kavramların öğrenilme düzeyine ilişkin yapılan geri bildirimler, öğretmen ve öğrencilerin aktif katılımları ortaya çıkan başarının gerekçelerini oluşturmaktadır. Öğrenme amaçlı yazma etkinliklerinin kavram öğretim sürecine yaptığı bu katkılardan hareketle farklı disiplinlerin çok sayıda kavramını disiplinlerarası yaklaşımla bütünleştiren sosyal bilgiler dersinde öğrenme amaçlı yazma pedagojisi alternatif bir öğretim yolu olabilir.
Öğrencilerin Klonlama ile İlgili Ön Düşünceleri
Authors: TURAN Fatma Nur , DERVİŞOĞLU Sevilay
Published: September 2022

Öğrencilerin fen konularına yönelik ders öncesinde sahip oldukları düşünceler, ders içeriklerini hazırlarken dikkate alınmalıdır. Klonlama, biyolojik okuryazarlık bağlamında önemli bir konudur ve medyada genellikle bilimsel gerçeklere uymayan bilgiler halinde yer almaktadır. Bu araştırmada, ortaöğretim öğrencilerinin klonlama konusunda ders öncesinde sahip oldukları düşünceler incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla 11. sınıf düzeyinde 6 öğrenci ile yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme ve içerik analizi yapılmıştır. Sonuç olarak klonlama konusu ile ilgili çeşitli öğrenci fikirleri tespit edilmiştir. Bu fikirlerden biri klonlamanın canlının kopyasını üretmek olduğu şeklindedir. Aynı zamanda genel olarak öğrenciler klonlama olayını açıklamakta zorluk çekmişlerdir. Öğrencilerde klonların sadece yapay olarak, insanlar tarafından üretildiği düşüncesi yaygındır. Araştırma sonucunda “Genetik Determinizm”, “Gen ve Çevrenin Birlikte Etkisi”, “Üreme Teknolojisi Olarak Klonlama” ve “Genetik Mühendislik Olarak Klonlama” olmak üzere dört düşünce figürü tespit edilmiştir. Genler hakkında deterministik görüşün öğrencilerin klonlarla ilgili düşüncelerini şekillendirdiği görülmüştür. Öğrencilerin klonlama ile ilgili düşüncelerinin özellikle internet, bilim kurgu filmleri veya sosyal medya gibi informal kaynaklardan etkilendiği görülmüştür. Araştırma sonucunda elde edilen düşüncelerden yola çıkarak klonlama konusunun öğretimiyle ilgili önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
THE LATEST UKRAINIAN NOVEL IN THE DIMENSIONS OF THE GENRE
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Bernadska Nina
Published: September 2022

The article considers the achievements of the latest Ukrainian novel of the last decade. Taking into account research trends, the main trends of its development are determined - borrowing techniques and means of mass literature, development of prose on three vectors – postmodern, neomodern, neo-populist, change of stylistic paradigm from postmodern to post postmodern. It is noted that the postmodern style paradigm is a thing of the past, some of its manifestations remain in the works of Yu. Andrukhovych ("Lovers of Justice", "Radio Night"), V. Rafieienko ("Mondegrin"). A colorful genre picture is analyzed, which consists of traditional forms and their modifications, in particular, the historical novel (Yu. Vynnychuk "Tango of Death", Tanya Malyarchuk "Oblivion", Natalka Snyadanko "Neat recipes of Archduke William", Maria Matios "Beech Land",Maryna Grymych "Klavka"), family novel "Free World" T. Belimova, Solo for Solomiya","The Land of Bitter Tenderness" by V. Lys, anti-utopia novel (works by Yu. Shcherbak, Ya. Melnyk, O. Chupa, A. Chapai, I. Pavliuk), biographical novel (M. Slaboshpytsky, Iren Rozdobudko, I. Korsak). In the works of post postmodern sound there is an anthropological turn, when man and his life acquire a basic artistic dimension, even in the historical novel, when private history becomes a springboard for artistic understanding of existential problems. The emergence of new genre varieties was also noted – novels-psychobiographies (S. Protsyuk), psychotrillers (O. Mykhed, A. Lyubka), techno-thrillers (Max Kidruk, P. Korobchuk), retro detectives (A. Kokotyukha, V. Ivchenko, B. Kolomiichuk ), noir (I. Pavliuk).
Denis Kopylov: photography as a way of self-knowledge
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Stoian S. P.
Published: September 2022

In the article the author analyzes the photo works by Denys Kopylov who directs his gaze deep inside himself, trying to understand his own purpose in this world and focuses his attention on many current socio-cultural problems due to which his art projects are of great interest for further research in the context of cultural studies. The analysis focuses on his works devoted to the visualization of the ethno-cultural features of the Yavanava tribe, rethinking the role of the Chernobyl disaster in the context of its examination from the point of view of the revival of the animal world of the exclusion zone, recording the events of the military confrontation on the territory of Ukraine, as well as the global rethinking of the role of man on planet Earth and its relationship with the natural world. For Denys turning to photography becomes according to him a philosophy based on observation because observation is one of the basic foundations of all worldview systems. By observing ourselves we can understand our priorities and needs what we cannot live without. Through observation we can feel a kinship with specific natural forms that resonate with our inner self at this very moment in time. And thanks to this consonance the photographs begin to radiate an extremely powerful vital energy which in addition to harmonizing the author begins to harmonize the viewer as well. The study of the visualization of existing social and ecological problems in modern Ukrainian photo art is extremely relevant. In this article for the first time the photo works by artist Denys Kopylov was analyzed in the context of cultural studies with the definition of the main vectors of its direction and specificity. It is emphasized that from the reflection of his own travels and the exotic natural world, the author immerses himself in a creative study of the spirit of Indian tribes which is visualized in a modern, authentic artistic manner using innovative authorial approaches in a whole series of works that are gaining recognition both in Ukraine and abroad at prestigious world fairs.
Overview of the discussion "The city as a medium: visual dimensions and modes"
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Pavlova O. Y.
Published: September 2022

The text of the review does not reproduce all the conflicts and conversations of the meeting, but those that, according to the author, were centered around scientific considerations. The sequence of performances is preserved.
In axiological search of good and evil (book review on Andrii Morozov "Evil: metaphysical and theological dimensions")
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Rohozha M. M.
Published: September 2022

From Friedrich Nietzsche, the distinction between philosophers and philosophical laborers is drawn in philosophical circles.
Retrospective analysis of meteopathic reactions in sanatoriums of the Moscow region
Authors: Gerasimenko Marina Yu.
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND: When choosing a place of rest and rehabilitation, especially in cardiac patients, it is necessary to take into account the season and climate change to prevent the development of severe meteopathic reactions.
AIMS: To study the peculiarity and frequency of meteopathic reactions in sanatorium-resort organizations of the Moscow region, depending on the season and the region of residence of the vacationer.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted based on the medical documentation of vacationers from various regions of Russia who are undergoing sanatorium treatment in sanatoriums of the Moscow region to identify the frequency and severity of meteopathic reactions.
RESULTS: it was found that the severity of meteopathic reactions correlates with the age and gender of the vacationer, permanent place of residence, time of year and duration of outdoor stay.
CONCLUSION: With age, the percentage of meteopathic reactions increases, reaching 90%, and is compared in men and women after 60 years is equalized. At a younger age, the meteorological stability of women is higher than that of men. The place of residence and the season directly affect the manifestation of meteopathic reactions. In the conditions of the Moscow region with a north-westerly wind, meteorological stability increases. An adequate stay of a person in the open air from 12 to 4 hours a day leads to a decrease in meteorological stability.