bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FAKTOR – FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN STIGMA IBU RUMAH TANGGA TERHADAP ODHA DI WILAYAH LOKALISASI TEGAL PANAS KABUPATEN SEMARANG
Authors: Sari Puri Fatma , Musthofa Syamsulhuda Budi , Shaluhiyah Zahroh
Published: September 2022

One of the things that challenges HIV/AIDS redustion is stigma and 35 million people with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). The number of HIV/AIDS cases in Semarang Regency has increased every year, where the District of Bergas the region with the highest case in Semarang Regensy in 2010-2018. The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors associated with the  stigma of housewives against PLHA in the Tegal Panas localization area, Semarang Regency. This study used a quantitative method with a cross sectional design. Respondents in this study were housewife in the Tegal Panas localization are, amounting 100 people. The result showed that there was still stigma among housewives in the Tegal Panas area brothel which supported the existence of stigma (40%).  The variables associated with the stigma of housewives towards PLWHA were education, knowledge, and neighbor support . The unrelated variables were age, perception, access ti information, family support, support from community leaders and support from health workers. There is still a stigma in the community in the Tegal Panas Localization area, it is faered that it can worsen the quality life of PLWHA.
FAKTOR RISIKO KEJADIAN TUBERKULOSIS PARU BTA POSITIF DI WILAYAH PUSKESMAS SUNGAI DURIAN KABUPATEN KUBU RAYA TAHUN 2021
Authors: Utami Emi , Udijono Ari , Wuryanto Moh. Arie , Kusariana Nissa
Published: September 2022

Tuberculosis, hereinafter abbreviated as TB, is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which can attack the lungs and other organs. lungs) such as the pleura, lymph nodes, bones, and other extra-pulmonary organs.2 TB disease is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, this bacterium is rod-shaped and acid-fast, so it is also known as Acid-Resistant Bacillus (BTA).2 Sources of transmission are patients with TB smear positive, which can transmit to people around him, especially close contacts. When the patient coughs or sneezes, the patient spreads germs into the air in the form of droplet nuclei. One cough can produce about 3000 phlegm sprinkling. A person's transmission power is determined by the number of germs expelled from his lungs. The higher the degree of positivity of the sputum examination results, the more infectious the patient is. The factors that allow a person to be exposed to TB germs are determined by the concentration of splashes in the air and the duration of inhaling the air. This research method is an observational analytical study with a case-control design using a retrospective study approach, namely to analyze the effects of disease or health status at this time and measure the risk factors that influence the incidence of pulmonary TB AFB (+) in the past. The number of samples as many as 90 respondents, with a comparison of cases: control (1:1), conducted by means of interviews and observations. The results of the chi square test showed that there was a relationship between occupancy density (P: 0.027; OR: 3,063), lighting (P: 0.000; OR: 7,429), ventilation area (P: 0.000; OR: 6,329), humidity (P: 0.002; OR). : 4,462), with the incidence of pulmonary TB smear (+). The conclusion is that there is a relationship between environmental risk factors and the incidence of filariasis, so it is necessary to do prevention efforts by reducing risk factors and educating the public about efforts to promote and prevent the transmission of pulmonary TB smear (+).
PERBEDAAN KELUHAN SUBJEKTIF LOW BACK PAIN ANTARA PEKERJA BAGIAN KANTOR, PRODUKSI, DAN GUDANG DI PT X JAWA TENGAH
Authors: Aliffia Prisma Winda , Widowati Evi
Published: September 2022

Low Back Pain (LBP) is categorized as one of the main causes of disease burden that contributes to the economic burden in terms of health system costs, lost working days, decreased productivity, and increased disability in workers. This study aims to determine the differences in subjective low back pain complaints among office, production, and warehouse workers at PT X Central Java. This research is analytic observational with a cross-sectional approach. The population in this study were female workers in the office, production, and warehouse divisions at PT X Central Java. The sample is 56 people. The instruments used are questionnaires, VAS measurement scale, REBA, and RULA assessment sheets. The results of this study are there are differences in subjective LBP complaints between office and production work activities (p=0.000), between the office and warehousing work activities (p=0.003), and between production and warehousing work activities (p=0.008). The conclusions of this study are there are differences in subjective LBP complaints among office, production, and warehouse workers at PT X Central Java. The most subjective LBP complaints and the average value of the highest degree of pain were found in the production division, which was 6.3 (moderate pain).
HUBUNGAN JENIS KELAMIN DAN BIDANG STUDI DENGAN PRAKTIK PENCEGAHAN DIABETES MELLITUS TIPE 2 PADA MAHASISWA (Studi Pada Mahasiswa Universitas Diponegoro Semarang)
Authors: Hardiyanti Tutut Okta , Wurjanto Arie , Kusariana Nissa , Hestiningsih Retno
Published: September 2022

Diabetes mellitus type 2 is the most common cases, which is 90% of diabetes mellitus cases. Diabetes mellitus type 2 is a metabolic disorder characterized by high blood sugar levels due to damage to insulin secretion or a lack of insulin receptors so that it is difficult for glucose to enter the cells. College students should be agents of change that can help the government in efforts to prevent non-communicable diseases in Indonesia such as type 2 diabetes mellitus. Factors related to the practice of preventing type 2 diabetes mellitus in students need to be known, so that efforts to prevent diabetes mellitus can be carried out effectively. A study states that the factors related with the practice of preventing diabetes mellitus type 2 are gender and field of study. The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between gender and field of study with the prevention practice of diabetes mellitus type 2 in Diponegoro University students in Semarang. This study conducted using a quantitative observational study methods with cross-sectional approach. The sample in this study was 407 undergraduate students of Diponegoro University. The sampling technique used in this study is the Nonprobability Sampling technique. This study uses a questionnaire to determine the variables studied. The results of this study showed a significant relationship between gender (p-value= 0.05) and the field of study of respondents (p-value= 0.00) and the practice of preventing diabetes mellitus type 2.
KEPADATAN NYAMUK DI WILAYAH BUFFER PELABUHAN MUARA SABAK (Studi di Kelurahan Muara Sabak Ilir Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Timur, Jambi)
Authors: Rushadi Rushadi , Hestiningsih Retno , Kusariana Nissa , Yuliawati Sri
Published: September 2022

Nyamuk merupakan vektor utama dari berbagai penyakit seperti Malaria, Demam Berdarah Dengue, Filariasis, dan Japanis ensefalitis. Berbagai upaya pengendalian telah dilakukan oleh dinas instansi setempat, namun kasus tersebut cenderung selalu ada. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendiskripsikan kepadatan nyamuk diwilayah buffer pelabuhan Muara Sabak (kelurahan Muara Sabak Ilir). Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel pada penelitian ini adalah semua nyamuk dewasa hasil tangkapan di lokasi penelitian. Penangkapan nyamuk dilakukan dengan metode landing collection selama 40 menit/jam dan resting collection selama 10 menit/jam di dalam dan di luar rumah, dimulai pukul 18.00-06.00 WIB pada enam rumah dengan empat kali pengulangan dalam satu bulan. Hasil Penangkapan secara keseluruhan lebih banyak ditemukan secara landing collection (61.32%) dibandingkan resting collection (38,68%). Kepadatan nyamuk menghisap darah tertinggi didominasi oleh nyamuk Mansonia uniformis, dengan MHD (indoor sebesar 0,43 dan outdoor sebesar 0,54). Hasil perhitungan kelimpahan nisbi, frekuensi tertangkap, dan angka dominasi secara keseluruhan juga didominasi oleh nyamuk Mansonia uniformis. Hasil penelitian juga diketahui bahwa di kelurahan Muara Sabak Ilir nyamuk Aedes spp ditemukan menghisap darah pada waktu malam hari. Nyamuk Aedes aegypti ditemukan menghisap darah pukul 18.00-01.40 WIB, sedangkan nyamuk Aedes albopictus ditemukan menghisap darah pukul 18.00-05.40 WIB. Fakta temuan tersebut menunjukkan bahwa, telah terjadi perubahan perilaku menghisap darah nyamuk Aedes spp di kelurahan Muara Sabak Ilir, sehingga perlu menjadi perhatian agar resiko penularan penyakit dapat diketahui dan pengendalian vektor dapat terlaksana secara maksimal.
GAMBARAN PERILAKU IBU DALAM POLA ASUH BALITA DENGAN GANGGUAN SPEECH DELAY (STUDI KASUS DI YPAC KOTA SEMARANG)
Authors: Maher Gicelle Technia , Husodo Besar Tirto , Kusumawati Aditya
Published: September 2022

Speech delay is a developmental disorders that often occurs to toddlers and the numbers are increasing, especially in big cities like Semarang. Speech delay in toddlers (golden age) can cause adverse effects on health and non-health aspects, such as developmental delays, children's social life, and learning difficulties. This encourages parents in Semarang to entrust YPAC as a speech therapy place for their children. For speech delay children, speech stimulation must be done continuously between the therapist and mother at home. However, there were cases of mothers who don’t give speech stimulation routinely. The data on this qualitative descriptive research was collected with in-depth interviews from five research subjects with purposive sampling method. The validity test was done by five triangulation subjects who are close relatives of research subjects, while the reliability test was done by data auditing. Because the subjects show lack of understanding about stimulation, they enroll their children to YPAC speech therapy. However, mother's working hour affects their quality time at home, making them hand over responsibility for stimulation to the therapist. The unique thing that was found in this study was that mother's feelings were affected due to lack of support from their husband, the lack of motivation from the therapist, and no direction for stimulation at home from the therapist. Which makes them feels less confident doing stimulation at home due to fear of making mistakes. These reasons eventually form mother's parenting style that’s too permissive or authoritarian and affects children’s character in the future.
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN DAN PERSEPSI MASYARAKAT DENGAN UPAYA PENCEGAHAN COVID-19 DI KELURAHAN SRONDOL WETAN, SEMARANG
Authors: Suryaningrum Fatma Nur , Nurjazuli Nurjazuli , Rahardjo Mursid
Published: September 2022

A case of pneumonia with no known cause was found in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China in December 2019. Until finally, the samples studied showed the etiology of the new coronavirus named Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19). This virus can be transmitted from human to human and has spread widely in China and more than 190 countries and including Indonesia. Data from the Health Office show that in the Srondol Wetan sub-district, Semarang City has the highest positive cases of COVID-19 in the Banyumanik sub-district, with 11 confirmed positive cases. This study aims to identify the relationship between public knowledge and perceptions with efforts to prevent COVID-19 in the Srondol Wetan Village, Semarang. This type of research is analytical research with a quantitative approach. The population in this study were the people of Srondol Wetan village with a sample of 120 people who were taken by purposive sampling technique. Collecting research data using a questionnaire via Google form, then analyzed using the Spearman statistical test. The results of analysis showed that there was a significant relationship between the knowledge variable and the efforts to prevent COVID-19 with p-value = 0.000. Then there is a significant relationship between perceptions and efforts to prevent COVID-19, p-value = 0.045 in Srondol Wetan Village, Semarang. The conclusion of the study is that there is a significant relationship between knowledge and perception and efforts to prevent COVID-19.
PERILAKU BUANG AIR BESAR SEMBARANGAN (BABS) DI DESA KAMAL KECAMATAN LARANGAN KABUPATEN BREBES
Authors: Aulia Alfan , Nurjazuli Nurjazuli , Darundiati Yusniar Hanani
Published: September 2022

Desa Kamal merupakan salah satu desa dengan capaian Sanitasi Total Berbasis Masyarakat (STBM) rendah di Kabupaten Brebes dengan capaian sebesar 21%. Capaian target STBM yang rendah menunjukkan masih kurangnya akses sanitasi di desa tersebut, yang berpotensi menyebabkan memburuknya kualitas kesehatan masyarakat setempat dan mempermudah menularnya berbagai penyakit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan perilaku BABS di Desa Kamal, Kecamatan Larangan, Kabupaten Brebes. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan penelitian cross sectional. Sampel diambil  secara proportional random sampling dengan total sampel berjumlah 66 KK. Pengujian data yang digunakan adalah uji chi square. Variabel yang diteliti adalah tingkat pengetahuan, sikap BAB, kepemilikan jamban, peran petugas kesehatan, dukungan sosial, ketersediaan air bersih, tingkat pendidikan dan perilaku BABS yang dilakukan melalui wawancara dan observasi. Diperoleh hasil bahwa tingkat penduduk dengan tingkat pengetahuan kurang sebesar 81,8%, penduduk yang memiliki perilaku BABS sebesar 47%, penduduk dengan sikap BAB kurang baik sebesar 54,5%, tingkat pendidikan tidak tamat SD sebesar 16,7%  dan penduduk yang tidak memiliki air bersih sebesar 18,2%. Berdasarkan hasil uji statistik diketahui variabel sikap BAB (p=0,001), kepemilikan jamban (p=0,0001), dan ketersediaan air bersih (p=0,013) berhubungan dengan perilaku BABS sedangkan variabel tingkat pengetahuan (p=0,172), peran petugas kesehatan (p=0,468), tingkat pendidikan (p=0,1), dan dukungan sosial (p=0,393) tidak berhubungan dengan perilaku BABS. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara sikap BAB, kepemilikan jamban, dan ketersediaan air bersih dengan perilaku BABS.
EDUKASI PENCEGAHAN COVID-19 DALAM MEDIA SOSIAL: GAMBARAN KONTEN VIDEO TIKTOK
Authors: Nasution Nur Shadrina , Mustofa Syamsulhuda Budi , Shaluhiyah Zahroh
Published: September 2022

In the midst of the global pandemic of the corona virus (covid-19), social media consumption has increased significantly, one of which is the use of the Tiktok application. Tik Tok has partnered with a number of international organizations to share health information, this can be an opportunity for TikTok to be used as an educational medium with creative content. In this qualitative descriptive study, sampling was carried out using consecutive sampling, namely sampling by determining certain criteria to determine the research sample, there were 5 Tik Tok accounts that were used as research samples, namely @tanyadokter, @unicefindonesia, @alodokter, @halodocID and @dijkp in total. 55 videos. This research was studied using the theory of the SMCR communication model by Berlo, namely the process of delivering a message from source to receiver. The results showed that the types of messages uploaded by these accounts were mostly educational message types, namely as much as 29%. The most responses received by the @alodokter account were 144323 from the total likes, comments and shares campaigning for good and correct hand washing. From the results of the analysis of the video content of Tik Tok, it turns out that the use of the caption, hashtag, music / audio and filter effects features is very influential in increasing the number of responses. Using the Tik Tok application provides excellent new benefits, where users are provided with videos that match their preferences and needs accurately because the Tik Tok account that has been researched has collaborated with the World Health Organization and the Indonesian Ministry of Health so that the information provided has been preserved.
BEBERAPA FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN PERILAKU DIET REMAJA AKHIR USIA 18-22 TAHUN PADA KONSUMEN HERBALIFE DI KOTA SEMARANG
Authors: Oktrisia Chania , Prabamurti Priyadi Nugraha , Shaluhiyah Zahroh
Published: September 2022

Fashion development introduced people to the ideal body shape, one of which is adolescents, the lack of knowledge about dietary behavior can cause the adolescent to behave unhealthy diet. Herbalife products are claimed as safe products that can be maintaining weight. However, still has an adverse side effect if not used as recommended. This study aimed to find out the related factors to diet behavior late adolescent age in a consumer of Herbalife product located in Semarang city. The design of this study was a cross-sectional study with a quantitative research method. The sample of this study is 85 late adolescent which using Herbalife product, the sample was obtained using proportional random sampling. Data collection was conducted by distributing questionnaires through form application. Data analysis was conducted using univariate and bivariate. The result showed that dependent variable related to knowledge (p=0,000), attitude (0,007), BMI (0,000), body dissatisfaction (0,000), frequency use the product (0,003), friends support (0,001), Herbalife coach support (0,000). It can be concluded there is a correlation between people around who have more interaction with late adolescents to the formation of dietary attitudes and behaviors in late adolescence which using Herbalife products located in Semarang city. Therefore, the health workers may develop a prevention program for unhealthy diet behavior in late adolescence by approaching people around who have more interaction with.
ANALISIS LINGKUNGAN FISIK RUMAH SEBAGAI FAKTOR RISIKO KEJADIAN PNEUMONIA PADA BALITA DI INDONESIA (DENGAN KAJIAN SISTEMATIS)
Authors: Restiana Shafira Azura , Raharjo Mursid , Suhartono Suhartono
Published: September 2022

Pneumonia is one of the leading causes of toddler mortality in worldwide, owing to several important risk factors such as home physical environment. The role of each physical home environment for Pneumonia is still uncertain. The study aims to evaluate each various of the physical home environment impact to Pneumonia in toddlers. The search is limited and focused in International and Nasional journals published in 2016-2019. Researches has reviewed 24 articles that matched with the inclusion criteria, 4 studies were conducted with a cross-sectional approach while the rest were conducted with a case-control approach. Overall, several articles were showed a relationship between these risk factors and the incidence of Pneumonia in toddlers, 5 articles of floor type (20,8%), 3 articles of house wall conditions (12,5%), 13 articles of house lighting (54%), 22 articles of home ventilation (91,6%), 8 articles of house occupancy density (33,3%), 3 articles of house temperature (12,5%), and 7 articles of smoking presence (29,2%). These results can be concluded that there are three dominant risk factor:  ventilation, lighting and house occupancy density. People are advised to ensure that the area of house ventilation is suit with the requirements to allow natural lighting enter the house and ideal occupancy density thereby reduce the possibility of pneumonia-causing pathogens transmission in toddlers.
PELAKSANAAN PROGRAM INTERVENSI PADA PENYAKIT HIPERTENSI DI PUSKESMAS PURWOYOSO KOTA SEMARANG
Authors: Pramesthi Artyasari Addela Sekar , Surjoputro Antono , Budiyanti Rani Tyas
Published: September 2022

Purwoyoso Primary Health Care is a health center that has completed data collection on Healthy Indonesian Programs with Family Approaches (PIS-PK) reaching 99% in 2018. The results of the data collection showed that hypertension sufferers who seek regular treatment are still low. Purwoyoso Primary Health Care was chosen as the location for hypertension intervention and focused on RW 11 Purwoyoso Village which is the area with the lowest Healthy Family Index (IKS) due to a decrease caused by indicators of hypertension sufferers who have not reached 100%. There are three intervention programs which include the Cetar program, jemput bola, and Taman Hepi. The purpose of this study was to analyze the implementation of the PIS-PK intervention program on hypertension at Purwoyoso Health Center. This study used a qualitative method through in-depth interviews with the research subjects of the head of the Purwoyoso Health Center, hypertension program holders, program implementors, cadres, and the community. The results showed that the intervention program did not have a target indicator of success. In the Cetar and Taman hepi programs, there were insufficient resource constraints, unclear division of labor, and inadequate supervision activities. This research concludes that the variables that influence the intervention program are resources and bureaucratic structure. Purwoyoso Health Center need to develop indicators of success as benchmarks for assessment, cross-sector collaboration related to resources, training cadres, collaboration with other programs, and periodically conducting monitoring and evaluation.
GAMBARAN PENGETAHUAN PETUGAS TB-HIV DALAM PENEMUAN DAN AKSES PENGOBATAN (Studi di Layanan Komprehensif Berkesinambungan di Puskesmas Kota Semarang)
Authors: Kusumawati Puspita Kristina , Saraswati Lintang Dian , Martini Martini , Hestiningsih Retno
Published: September 2022

HIV and Tuberculosis are two public health problems of global concern. People living with HIV (PLWH), can develop opportunistic infections because they do not know their HIV status. With the vulnerability of PLWH to opportunistic infections, especially TB, it is necessary to routine HIV tests on positive and suspected TB patients. The performance of TB-HIV health officers is one that determines the detection of tuberculosis and HIV cases. The purpose of this study was to describe the knowledge related to the performance of officers in finding and accessing TB-HIV treatment at the Primary Public Health Center in Semarang City. This study used a descriptive research design with cross sectional methods, with 19 research subjects. Data reliability using data auditing by checking the flow of data analysis. The results showed that the officers had good knowledge conducted good screening for TB-HIV suspects. But some officers do not get enough training HIV. The advice for the health department is to make more training for the officers.
PENGELOLAAN ASET TETAP BARANG MILIK NEGARA DITINJAU DARI PERMENKES NO 9 TAHUN 2018 TENTANG PEDOMAN PENGELOLAAN BARANG MILIK NEGARA DI LINGKUNGAN KEMENTERIAN KESEHATAN Penelitian pada Balai Teknik Kesehatan Lingkungan dan Pengendalian Penyakit Kelas II Amb
Authors: Kermite Zadrak Romeo , Arso Septo Pawelas , Nandini Nurhasmadiar
Published: September 2022

Abstract : This study aims to analyze the management of fixed assets of State Property (BMN) at BTKLPP Class II Ambon with reference to the Minister of Health Regulation Number 9 of 2018 concerning Guidelines for BMN Management in the Ministry of Health. The research was focused on the aspects of determining the usage status of BMN and the elimination of BMN. The study uses a qualitative method with an analytic descriptive approach. The results showed that the determination of the usage status of BMN at BTKLPP Ambon has not been going well. This evidenced by the findings that most of the fixed assets of BMN have not been assigned their usage status. The process of eliminating BMN's fixed assets also did not go well. One of the reasons is that the usage status has not been determined. The process of managing assets remains interrelated and when one aspect is neglected, it will affect other aspects. Keywords : Fixed Assets, State Property, Regulation
PERBEDAAN PENGELUARAN ASI SEBELUM DAN SETELAH PEMBERIAN SUSU KEDELAI PADA IBU PASCA MELAHIRKAN DI RUMAH SAKIT BERSALIN FATIMAH MEDAN TAHUN 2021 (Differences in Breast Milk Secretion Before and After Giving Soy Milk to Postpartum Mothers at Fatimah Materni
Authors: Lestari Ade , Nababan Tiarnida , Dorani Fatimah , Harnista Elvi
Published: September 2022

Fat in bosom contains an answer of protein, lactose, and natural salts that are handled by the mother's mammary organs, bosom milk is the best nourishment for children. One approach to build milk creation is by burning-through soy milk. The advantages of soy milk are to expand milk creation and increment the protein substance of soy milk by 35%. The reason for this examination was to decide the impact of giving soy milk on expanding bosom milk creation in baby blues moms at the Fatimah Maternity Home, Medan in 2021. The plan in this investigation utilized tests. A sum of 30 respondents were utilized as tests for this investigation. By utilizing the Wilcoxon grade test with a p-esteem = 0.000, it is demonstrated that giving soy milk affects expanding bosom milk creation after conveyance. The outcomes acquired from devouring soy milk influence chemicals with the aim at that the myoepithelial cells are crushed into bosom milk. This investigation concluded that there was an impact given soy milk to increase milk production in baby blues mothers. The screening recommendation is to believe that a healthy delivery can focus on nursing mothers, to be specific that utilization of soy milk is useful for bosom milk creation.
The Pattern of Communication and Teamwork among Operating Theatre Personnel in a State of a Developing Country
Authors: Oyediran Olufemi Oyebanji , Olafare Olamide Hope , Kolawole Ifeoluwapo Oluwafunke , Ayandiran Emmanuel Olufemi , Ojo Iyanuoluwa, Oreofe , Fajemilehin Boluwaji Reuben
Published: September 2022

Background: Effective communication and teamwork is increasingly recognized as an important mechanism for enhancing the safety of healthcare. However, there is dearth of study on the pattern of communication among surgeons, nurses and anaesthetists in South Western part of NigeriaPurpose: This study assessed the patterns of communication and teamwork among operating theatre personnel and also identified barriers to communication and teamwork in the operating theatre in selected hospitals in Lagos State, Nigeria.Methods:  A descriptive research design was adopted and a convenience sampling technique was used to select 215 nurse and doctor respondents for the study. With a 53-item self-developed structured questionnaire, data were collected. Results were presented descriptively (frequency tables and bar charts), and inferential statistics (Chi-square) were used to test the hypotheses.Results: Results revealed that 41.9% of the respondents had a fair knowledge of communication and teamwork in the operating theatre. Respondents described their pattern of communication as  follows; the majority (99.5%) of the respondents communicate through written, spoken words or visual media, and 99.1% also communicate with other theatre personnel irrespective of their hierarchies. In addition, 90.7% reported that upward communication from patients to surgical team members is common in the theatre, while 87% submitted that they communicate through telephone conversations in this theatre. Individual bias, pressure to complete work, workload, poor leadership/lackadaisical attitudes and conflict of interest were identified as barriers to communication and teamwork in the operating theatre.Conclusion: The study concluded that the majority of theatre personnel lack adequate knowledge of communication and teamwork in the operating room. Hence, there is a need for periodic training for operating personnel to improve communication and teamwork, and surgical outcomes.
The Challenges of Intensive Care Unit Nurses Caring for COVID-19 Patients in Indonesia: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Mailani Fitri , Muthia Rahmi , Huriani Emil , Krisdianto Boby Febri , Oktarina Elvi
Published: September 2022

Background: After one year of the pandemic, Indonesia experienced a crisis where the addition of COVID-19 cases increased significantly in several big cities; it made the healthcare system collapse, including the intensive care unit (ICU) service for COVID-19. ICU nurses, who are at the frontline of fighting against COVID-19 and defusing this crisis, are faced with various challenges in providing care for COVID-19 patients, and exploring such challenges are significant.   Purpose: This study aimed to explore the challenges experienced by Indonesian nurses who work in the ICU caring for COVID-19 patients.Methods: A multi-centered-qualitative study with a descriptive phenomenological design was used. Twenty nurses working in the ICU of COVID-19 in eight COVID-19 referral hospitals in seven major cities in Indonesia were recruited using purposive sampling. Semi-structured individual video call interviews were conducted to collect the data from July-September 2021. Data were analyzed using Colaizzi’s (1978) method.Results: The nurses reported the challenges throughout caring for COVID-19 patients in ICU, which are described in four major themes: (a) working under pressure and moral distress, (b) choosing to do the best, (c) adaptation, learning, and research, and (e) survive physically and mentally healthy.Conclusion: This study describes the challenges experienced by nurses working in ICUs during the COVID-19 crisis, such as working under pressure, facing dilemmas caring for patients, and trying to survive working in inadequate professional conditions. An in-depth understanding of these challenges in the current pandemic can help managers in the hospital to provide psychological support, adequate training for ICU nurses, and high-quality protocols for upcoming emergency scenarios, as well as maximizing resource management (human and material).
Association Between Gait and Dysautonomia in Patients With De Novo Parkinson’s Disease: Forward Gait Versus Backward Gait
Authors: Lee Seon-Min , Lee Mina , Lee Eun Ji , Kim Rae On , Kim Yongduk , Kwon Kyum-Yil
Published: September 2022

Objective Studies on gait and autonomic dysfunction have been insufficient so far, particularly de novo Parkinson’s disease (PD). The aim of this study was to identify the association between gait dynamics and autonomic dysfunction in patients with de novo PD.Methods A total 38 patients with de novo PD were retrospectively included in this study. Details of patients’ dysautonomia were assessed using the Scales for Outcomes in Parkinson’s Disease-Autonomic Dysfunction (SCOPA-AUT). For assessment of gait, a computerized gait analysis was performed using the GAITRite system for forward gait and backward gait. High SCOPA-AUT score (PD-HSAS) group and low SCOPA-AUT score (PD-LSAS) group were identified according to their SCOPA-AUT scores.Results Nineteen (50%) patients with high SCOPA-AUT scores above median value (12.5) were assigned into the PD-HSAS group and others were assigned to the PD-LSAS group. Compared with the PD-LSAS group, the PD-HSAS group exhibited slower gait, shorter stride, decreased cadence, increased double support phase, decreased swing phase, and increased variability in swing time. Total SCOPA-AUT score showed significantly positive correlations with gait variability and instability but a negative correlation with gait hypokinesia. In subdomain analysis, urinary dysautonomia was highly associated with impairment of gait dynamics. All significant results were found to be more remarkable in backward gait than in forward gait.Conclusion Our findings suggest that alteration in gait dynamics, especially backward gait, is highly associated with autonomic dysfunction in patients with de novo PD.
Treatable Ataxias: How to Find the Needle in the Haystack?
Authors: Stezin Albert , Pal Pramod Kumar
Published: September 2022

Treatable ataxias are a group of ataxic disorders with specific treatments. These disorders include genetic and metabolic disorders, immune-mediated ataxic disorders, and ataxic disorders associated with infectious and parainfectious etiology, vascular causes, toxins and chemicals, and endocrinopathies. This review provides a comprehensive overview of different treatable ataxias. The major metabolic and genetic treatable ataxic disorders include ataxia with vitamin E deficiency, abetalipoproteinemia, cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis, Niemann-Pick disease type C, autosomal recessive cerebellar ataxia due to coenzyme Q10 deficiency, glucose transporter type 1 deficiency, and episodic ataxia type 2. The treatment of these disorders includes the replacement of deficient cofactors and vitamins, dietary modifications, and other specific treatments. Treatable ataxias with immune-mediated etiologies include gluten ataxia, anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody-associated ataxia, steroid-responsive encephalopathy associated with autoimmune thyroiditis, Miller-Fisher syndrome, multiple sclerosis, and paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration. Although dietary modification with a gluten-free diet is adequate in gluten ataxia, other autoimmune ataxias are managed by short-course steroids, plasma exchange, or immunomodulation. For autoimmune ataxias secondary to malignancy, treatment of tumor can reduce ataxic symptoms. Chronic alcohol consumption, antiepileptics, anticancer drugs, exposure to insecticides, heavy metals, and recreational drugs are potentially avoidable and treatable causes of ataxia. Infective and parainfectious causes of cerebellar ataxias include acute cerebellitis, postinfectious ataxia, Whipple’s disease, meningoencephalitis, and progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. These disorders are treated with steroids and antibiotics. Recognizing treatable disorders is of paramount importance when dealing with ataxias given that early treatment can prevent permanent neurological sequelae.
On the Relation between Private Information and Non-Fundamental Volatility
Authors: Shim Myungkyu , Song Doyoung
Published: September 2022

It is a well-established property that more precise private information leads to lower non-fundamental volatility in a coordination economy with dispersed information. In this note, we identify conditions under which such an argument holds or does not hold. In particular, we show that the opposite relationship holds when (1) there is a strong positive correlation between private information of different agents and (2) public information is endogenously generated.
Improving the flexural behavior of RC beams strengthening by near-surface mounting
Authors: AL-Ameedee Hadeel S. , Al-Khafaji Hayder M.
Published: September 2022

This article presents the experimental investigations undertaken to evaluate the strengthening and enhancement characteristics of near-surface mounted (NSM) devices using different types of bars. A total of 4 concrete beams (150 mm × 300 mm × 1,500 mm) were reinforced in flexure. Three beams strengthened with different embedments of NSM (carbon fiber-reinforced polymer [CFRP], Glass fiber-reinforced polymer [GFRP], and steel) bars, and one unstrengthened beam used as a control beam were tested under monotonic static loading to determine the enhancing influence of the fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) reinforcement. The performance of different bars used to establish the concrete is examined. A general methodology to evaluate the improving flexural behavior of RC beams strengthened with NSM–FRP bars is presented. A quantitative criterion governing debonding failure is established. The proposed bond model assumes linear elastic behavior for the concrete, adhesive, and NSM–FRP bars, following the same philosophy as the American concrete institute [ACI] provisions for bond analysis and design to control the cracks. So FRP reinforcements show substantial deformation before failure when the cross-sectional area is based on a permissible strain during service, so there is no need to check the deformability. The results of the tests show that using NSM–CFRP bars improves the flexural capacity and stiffness of the strengthened concrete beams of other types.
Genetic amniocentesis using atraumatic 29 gauge needle in patients having a chorioamniotic separation
Authors: Tchirikov Michael , Scheler Constanze , Gericke Martin , Wienke Andreas , Jung Carola , Entezami Michael
Published: September 2022

Objectives

Chorioamniotic separation (CAS) at the time of standard amniocentesis (AC) is a risk factor for postprocedural complications and should be avoided. The aim of this study was to quantify procedure-related risks after AC with a 29G-needle in cases of CAS, and evaluation of perinatal outcome in CAS after 15 weeks’ gestation (GW).

Methods

Retrospective analysis of genetic AC with a pencil-point 29G needle after 15 completed GW in pregnancies, in which the fetal membranes were not yet fused. Included into the study were women aged 16–44 years with at least 15 completed GWs referred for second trimester AC to identify fetal chromosomal aberrations.

Results

437 ACs were made in total with the 29G-needle. The median maternal age was 30 (16–44) years. 145 cases showed CAS where the distance between chorion and amnion was 0.10–10.02 mm at AC. 38 pregnancies were terminated, 37 of which had a genetic disorder. The risk of aneuploidy increases by a factor of 2 (95% CI 1.4–2.8) for every 1 mm of CAS enlargement. No procedure-related complications were found up to two weeks after the AC.

Conclusions

CAS seems to be massively underreported. Early diagnosis in case of CAS is something to strive for as CAS could be an indicator of genetic abnormalities – a “soft marker”. With the atraumatic 29G needle, the risk of complications after AC in CAS seems to be very low.
Global existence and blow up of the solution for nonlinear Klein-Gordon equation with variable coefficient nonlinear source term
Authors: Sun Cong , Yan Dong Ze , Zhang Yong Ling
Published: September 2022

This article is devoted to study the existence of global solutions and finite time blow-up of local solution for nonlinear Klein-Gordon equation with variable coefficient nonlinear source term. By applying the potential well and energy estimation method, in low initial energy and critical initial energy, we derive some sufficient conditions which are global existence and explosion of the solutions for this type of Klein-Gordon equation.
Metallurgical properties of boride layers formed in pack boronized cementation steel
Authors: Teker Tanju , Sarı Murat
Published: September 2022

In the present study, cementation steel was exposed to boronizing process at 950 °C for 6, 8, and 10 h. Microstructural changes on the surface of the samples after boron operation were inspected by optical microscope, scanning electron microscope, energy-dispersive spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, electron back-scatter diffraction, and elemental mapping analysis. In addition, surface roughness, microhardness, and boride layer thicknesses were measured. The boride layers deposited on the cementation steel consisted either single or double phases. The level of boride deposit of all samples was achieved from 90 to 156 μm. The boride layer created at 950 °C for 10 h involved the FeB and Fe2B. The boride layers had a much higher hardness value than the substrate material due to the presence of FeB and Fe2B.
Effect of nanodiamond particles on the structure, mechanical, and thermal properties of polymer embedded ND/PMMA composites
Authors: Pan Feng , Khan Muhammad , Tiehu Li , Javed Elisha , Hussain Amjad , Zada Amir , Alei Dang , Wahab Zainul
Published: September 2022

Nanodiamonds (NDs), the allotropic carbon nanomaterials with nanosize, durable inert core, adjustable surface morphology, high thermal constancy, and super mechanical performances, possess the characteristics of promising reinforcement materials for various technological applications. However, ND particles hold a vigorous propensity to aggregate in liquid media, obstructing their implementation in mechanical and thermal sciences. This aggregation is caused by high surface to volume ratio. By reducing the surface energy and lowering cluster formation, the mechanical and thermal properties of NDs can be polished. Herein, we report on the covalent functionalization of NDs with amine moiety through ball milling method. Their dispersion was checked in ethanol and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA polymer) against nonfunctionalized NDs. The dispersive behavior showed that ball mill functionalized NDs produced preferably stable aqueous dispersions in ethanol media. Furthermore, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.4 wt% ND/PMMA composites were synthesized, and their mechanical and thermal behaviors were studied in terms of hardness, compression, Young`s modulus, flexural strength, tensile strength, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Results revealed that the composites containing 0.2 wt% functionalized ND loaded with PMMA matrix showed outstanding mechanical and thermal performances indicating that 0.2 wt% is the optimum amount for achieving excellent outcomes.
Noise exposure and the risk of cancer: a comprehensive systematic review
Authors: Abbasi Milad , Yazdanirad Saeid , Dehdarirad Hossein , Hughes Debra
Published: September 2022

The association between noise exposure and increased risk of cancer has received little attention in the field of research. Therefore, the goal of this study was to conduct a systematic review on the relationship between noise exposure and the incidence of cancer in humans. In this study, four electronic bibliographic databases including Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase were systematically searched up to 21 April 2022. All types of noise exposure were considered, including environmental noise, occupational noise, and leisure or recreational noise. Furthermore, all types of cancers were studied, regardless of the organs involved. In total, 1836 articles were excluded on the basis of containing exclusion criteria or lacking inclusion criteria, leaving 19 articles retained for this study. Five of nine case-control studies showed a significant relationship between occupational or leisure noise exposure and acoustic neuroma. Moreover, four of five case-control and cohort studies indicated statistically significant relationships between environmental noise exposure and breast cancer. Of other cancer types, two case-control studies highlighted the risk of Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma and two cohort studies identified an increased risk of colon cancer associated with environmental noise exposure. No relationship between road traffic and railway noise and the risk of prostate cancer was observed. In total, results showed that noise exposure, particularly prolonged and continuous exposure to loud noise, can lead to the incidence of some cancers. However, confirmation of this requires further epidemiological studies and exploration of the exact biological mechanism and pathway for these effects.
Epistemological stance and passive reporting verbs in judicial opinions: the case of BE expected to and BE supposed to
Authors: Szczyrbak Magdalena
Published: September 2022

This study examines the discourse functions of BE expected to and BE supposed to in the genre of judicial opinion, providing insights into discipline-specific practices of epistemological positioning. Drawing on the 130 million words Corpus of US Supreme Court Opinions, it looks at how the two mindsay constructions were deployed in judicial writing over a period of more than 200 years, and identifies divergent frequency patterns associated with their use. As the findings reveal, in the opinions, on the one hand, BE expected to tends to co-occur with reasonably (can/could (not) reasonably be expected to) and is used to create a semblance of objectivity. BE supposed to, on the other hand, favors the present tense and third-person reference (which/it is supposed to) and serves as a distancing device. The paper also compares the frequency patterns involving BE expected to and BE supposed to found in the opinions with those attested in the Corpus of Historical American English, and it demonstrates that judicial writing exhibits trends which clearly differ from trends noted in non-judicial registers.
Serum asprosin levels in patients with retinopathy of prematurity
Authors: Yardim Meltem , Celik Fatih , Oruc Yavuz , Kayalp Damla , Beyazyildiz Ozlem , Yesilirmak Didem Cemile , Ulas Mustafa , Aydin Suleyman
Published: September 2022

Objectives

This study was aimed to investigate the diagnostic values of serum levels of asprosin and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) in Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and to assess the role of these biomarkers on the development and progression of the condition.

Methods

This study was carried out from April 2020 to February 2021 in the department of ophthalmology of a tertiary hospital in Turkey. Thirty patients diagnosed with ROP and 30 healthy newborns were included the study. Serum NGAL and asprosin levels were determined via ELISA.

Results

The median serum NGAL levels were found to be similar between the ROP group and the control group (p=0.595). Median asprosin levels were significantly higher in patients diagnosed with ROP [46.58 (12.70–142.28) ng/mL] compared to healthy subjects [13.05 (10.92–17.73) ng/mL] (p=0.001). The optimal cut-off value of asprosin by ROC analysis was 30 ng/mL (AUC: 0.754, p=0.001) for diagnosing ROP. Serum asprosin levels were positively correlated with serum ALP levels and inversely correlated with gestational week, uric acid and AST values (all, p<0.005).

Conclusions

Our results demonstrated that asprosin, but not NGAL, could be a biomarker for the diagnosis of ROP.
Conquest and revival at Chiantla Viejo: the transition of a highland Maya community to Spanish colonial rule
Authors: Castillo Victor
Published: September 2022

Colonised societies often continue traditional practices in private contexts whilst adopting new forms of ritual in public. Excavations at the Mam centre of Chiantla Viejo in highland Guatemala, however, reveal a more complex picture. Combining archaeological evidence with early colonial documents, the author identifies a revival of Indigenous Maya religion following the Spanish conquest (AD 1525–1550). Despite appearing in colonial records as Christian converts, the Maya directed a sequence of destruction, reconstruction and remodelling of the monumental core of Chiantla Viejo to evoke the landscape of their ancestral settlement of Zaculeu. The results emphasise the importance of public spaces for the persistence of Indigenous religion in early colonial settings.