bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prospective Analysis Of The Algerian Economic Growth By 2025: Structural Analysis
Authors: Toumache Rachid , Rouaski Khaled
Published: May 2016

The aim of this study is to assess the economic growth in Algeria and to determine the set of variable impacting it on different periods. It relies on structural analysis approach based on an investigation method using the software MICMAC (matrix of cross-influence, applied multiplication to a ranking) which was developed by the Institute of Computing Innovation 3IE following the request of Investigation Laboratory on Prospective, Strategy and Organization LIPSOR. The structural analysis can define the key variables of the system (VCS) to catch the most influential variables on economic growth during three time intervals: the near past (direct impact), the actual period (indirect influence) and the long run (potential indirect impact) bearing in mind that the horizon of our study is 2025. The results show the most influential variables ranked during each period as follows: The near past (the direct influence): the economic system, public spending, the regulation, foreign reserves and price of oil barrel, unemployment, inflation and SMEs. The actual period (the indirect influence): the economic system, business climate, FDI, the price of the oil barrel, active population, occupied population, external debt. In addition to other variables having a less influence: unemployment, SMEs, inflation and foreign trade. The long run (potential indirect influence) by 2025: The economic system, public spending, the regulation, foreign reserves, unemployment, FDI, inflation, business climate, currency, occupied population, the price of the oil barrel, saving. Other variables have a moderate influence: national security, capital, exchange rate, financial system, active population, IT, informal sector, SMEs, external trade, external debt, demographic growth and the interest rate.
The Influence Of Ethical Leadership On Managerial Performance: Mediating Effects Of Mindfulness And Corporate Social Responsibility
Authors: Williams John J. , Seaman Alfred E.
Published: May 2016

In a continuing world of corporate misdeeds and unscrupulous decision making, much of the management and academic literatures points to the incomplete knowledge of the consequences of ethics leadership.  One of the bastions of ethics gatekeeping in the firm is the CFO but remarkably scant information can be found on their perceptions concerning ethics leadership.  This study addresses this void by examining mindfulness and corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives as new mediating linkages in comprehending the influence of ethics leadership on managerial performance.  Findings reveal that ethical leadership is positively associated with CSR initiatives which, in turn, operate to enhance managerial performance.  Simultaneously, ethical leadership manifests a significant positive relationship with mindfulness but, surprisingly, there is no corresponding relationship with managerial performance.  Instead, mindfulness indirectly influences managerial performance through the intervening effects on CSR initiatives.  These findings suggest that firms can acquire better managerial performance by focusing efforts on CSR strategies, bringing cognitive processes of mindfulness to bear on these actions, and grooming ethics leadership.  In addition, the results offer researchers new relationships to model in the leadership domain.
The Effect Of Leadership Style, Job Satisfaction And Employee-Supervisor Relationship On Job Performance And Organizational Commitment
Authors: Babalola Sunday Samson
Published: May 2016

Although organizational commitment and job performance are essential for the survival of an organization, yet scanty attention is paid to simultaneous investigation of these variables. This study set to investigate the influence of supervisor-employee relationship, perceived leadership style, and job satisfaction on organizational commitment and job performance. Two hundred and fifty-five employees of media employees are conveniently sampled with ages ranging from 20 to 57 years with a mean of 34.29 years. Stepwise multiple regression analysis was employed to test the working hypotheses.Stepwise regression analysis reveals three steps in the prediction of organizational commitment and job performance respectively. With the third steps showing that job satisfaction (β = 0.53; p < .001); supervisor-subordinate relationship (β = 0.41; p < .001) and laissez-faire leadership styles (β = 0.38; p < .001) as predicting organizational commitment with 49.7% variance is explained; while with job performance, 34.8% of variance explained the variables of working experience (β = -0.54; p < .001); education (β = 0.31; p < .01) and transformational leadership styles (β = -0.22; p < .05). This finding has implications for employee retention, performance management and incentive strategy.
A construção e o papel do processo de projeto arquitetônico
Authors: Moreira Daniel de Carvalho , Ruschel Regina Coeli
Published: May 2016

Neste primeiro número de 2015, a PARC apresenta artigos que compartilham as páginas da revista para demonstrar a importância da diversidade de contribuições na constituição de uma discussão coerente sobre a construção e o papel do processo de projeto em arquitetura.
Programando a arquitetura da aprendizagem
Authors: Alvares Sandra Leonora , Kowaltowski Doris Catharine Cornelie Knatz
Published: May 2016

Este artigo apresenta uma discussão sobre a relação entre elementos da arquitetura escolar e abordagens pedagógicas. O objetivo desse estudo foi identificar e organizar informações da literatura sobre a configuração espacial de ambientes de aprendizagem de diferentes concepções pedagógicas, entre elas: Tradicional, Behaviorista, Construtivista e Sócioconstrutivista. As abordagens pedagógicas são analisadas sob o ponto de vista do aluno, professor, atividade pedagógica e ambiente de aprendizagem. Esta análise resultou em um quadro síntese com informações que suportam o processo de projeto em coerência com a abordagem educacional e suas necessidades. O levantamento da literatura revelou valiosas informações sobre teorias pedagógicas. Contudo, esses dados são raramente aplicáveis diretamente no processo de projeto e, por esta razão, a concepção do edifício escolar precisa de contribuições adicionais. As diferentes formas de ensinar e aprender necessitam de análises aprofundadas e durante a fase de programação de um processo de projeto produtivo as relações entre ambiente e atividades deveriam ser analisadas, discutidas e refletidas. Neste artigo, vários tipos de processos de aprendizagem foram analisados e seus layouts configurados para suportar e melhorar o processo de projeto do edifício escolar.
O jogo como ferramenta de apoio ao programa arquitetônico de escolas públicas
Authors: Deliberador Marcella Savioli , Kowaltowski Doris Catharine Cornelie Knatz
Published: May 2016

Este artigo apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa sobre o desenvolvimento de uma ferramenta de apoio ao processo de projeto de escolas públicas. O objetivo é aprofundar a discussão sobre a arquitetura escolar, destacando-se o programa arquitetônico e os processos participativos. A relevância dessa pesquisa relaciona-se com a importância da qualidade do ambiente físico escolar, aspecto que ganhou destaque internacional com a divulgação de pesquisas que demonstram a relação entre a qualidade desses espaços e a capacidade de aprendizagem dos alunos. Processos participativos demandam protocolos e ferramentas de apoio, com conteúdo baseado em pesquisas científicas que apresentam os parâmetros de projeto, considerados indispensáveis à arquitetura de qualidade. A ferramenta, em formato de um jogo de cartas, está baseada em parâmetros de projeto específicos da realidade brasileira, a partir dos requisitos da Fundação para o Desenvolvimento da Educação e da literatura. O jogo foi elaborado à semelhança de um baralho, apresentando as temáticas consideradas importantes à arquitetura escolar. Cada carta representa um parâmetro de projeto. O jogo foi testado com grupos de profissionais e com alunos de arquitetura. Em ambas as situações, a ferramenta mostrou-se um eficiente instrumento de estímulo às discussões, apoio ao processo participativo de projeto e ao desenvolvimento do programa arquitetônico. O jogo apresenta-se como uma contribuição na área de metodologia de projeto, oferecendo suporte ao programa arquitetônico, através de um debate estruturado. O programa deve se constituir em um documento que alimenta as fases seguintes de projeto arquitetônico e estimular propostas inovadoras, oferecendo uma contribuição para a melhoria da educação.
Evolução diurna do calor antropogênico liberado por cozinhas e sua relação com o balanço de energia à superfície no Oeste Paulista, SP
Authors: Finati Gabriela Iassia , Machado Antonio Jaschke
Published: May 2016

Este trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar o calor antropogênico a partir das condições térmicas em cozinhas na cidade de Presidente Prudente, SP, relacionando-o ao balanço de energia desde a escala do edifício até a escala urbana de algumas cidades do Oeste Paulista: as regiões das cidades de Presidente Prudente, Assis e Iepê. É dada especial atenção ao método utilizado para estimar as principais componentes do balanço de energia na superfície construída, por meio da estimativa dos fluxos convectivos, como também a caracterização da evolução diurna na camada do dossel urbano nas três cidades. Apesar de outras edificações poderem ser também analisadas neste contexto, foram escolhidas cozinhas por representarem ambientes com aparente desconforto térmico para os trabalhadores que aí desenvolvem suas atividades. Cozinhas são edificações passíveis de um relativo controle para o propósito de se desenvolver um procedimento metodológico a fim de estimar, em uma primeira aproximação, a influência do calor antropogênico liberado e o balanço de energia na superfície, tanto no interior quanto no exterior destes edifícios. A análise também leva em consideração o efeito desta fonte de calor sobre o estado de conforto térmico. Os resultados experimentais indicam a ventilação do ambiente como um elemento importante para a dissipação da energia armazenada na superfície. São propostas soluções de projeto arquitetônico para melhorar as condições térmicas desses ambientes.
Ocupação de vazio urbano como promotor do planejamento para cidade saudável
Authors: Sperandio Ana Maria Girotti , Francisco Filho Lauro Luiz , Favero Edison , Ribeiro Marialva Motta , Manfrinato Thaís
Published: May 2016

O presente artigo tem a finalidade de apresentar e discutir os resultados obtidos em um projeto piloto de pesquisa de campo, na cidade de Conchal-SP. Este projeto teve como objetivo apontar aspectos da ocupação do vazio urbano por meio de uma horta comunitária, considerando os princípios do Estatuto da Cidade, da Promoção da Saúde e do Planejamento Urbano Saudável. Como metodologia utilizou-se de um estudo de caso, compreendendo pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, a aplicação do instrumento de Pesquisa de Pós Ocupação Walkthrough e da história oral dos participantes. A horta comunitária mostrou-se como uma ferramenta eficiente, embora não única para a ocupação de vazios urbanos na concepção do saudável, pois permitiu restabelecer as relações intrínsecas no território, que são fundamentais para o estabelecimento da função social da propriedade pública, possibilitando a participação social, a intersetorialidade e potencializando a  governança local, o que favorece o sentimento de lugar confortável, sem perturbações e gera o prazer (topofilia), propiciando ideias e coletividade resilientes para a elaboração e implantação de projetos que contemplem o planejamento urbano para a cidades saudáveis.
The use of SPHARM-PDM and mean latitude axis to evaluate airway changes
Authors: Nguyen Tung , Phillips Ceib , Paniagua Beatriz
Published: May 2016

Objective: To introduce new 3-D imaging techniques to characterize shape and volume changes of the oropharyngeal space after bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (BSSO) advancement.

Materials and Methods: Longitudinal cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans were obtained for 20 patients undergoing BSSO advancement at three time points (T1 = presurgery, T2 = splint removal, and T3 = 1 year after surgery). Segmentation of the airway was performed using the following boundaries: hard palate/posterior nasal spine superiorly and lower border of C3 to the base of the epiglottis inferiorly. For shape measurements, point-based correspondent models and mean latitude axis were obtained for all the data using SPHARM-PDM software. All 3-D correspondent models were rigidly registered using Procrustes alignment. Absolute distance maps and corresponding vector maps were calculated to show shape and vector differences between each correspondent point. Mean latitude axis is a new imaging method to calculate minimum cross-sectional areas along the long axis of the airway independent of head position/alignment.

Results: The airway volume increased (P < .01) after BSSO advancement (2973.9 mm3 ± 27882.0) and was stable (−439.9 mm3 ± 3308.8) 1 year post-op. 3-D color maps and semitransparency overlays showed more lateral than anteroposterior expansion of the airway after BSSO advancement. Mean latitude axis was used to measure minimum cross-sectional area, showing a statistically significant increase (52.7 mm2 ± 46.7) (P < .01) after surgery and remained stable (−10.3 mm2 ± 43.3) 1 year after surgery.

Conclusions: SPHARM-PDM and mean latitude axis are useful tools to assess airway shape change. BSSO advancement produces a significant increase in pharyngeal airway volume and minimum cross-sectional area. The airway space increased more transversely than anteroposteriorly.
Clinico Pathological Correlation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease among Rural Population of North India
Authors: Kumar Adesh , Krishna Mani , Dayal Seema
Published: May 2016

BACKGROUNDChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major cause of chronic morbidity and mortality in rural population. COPD is characterized by chronic airflow limitation and a range of pathological changes in the lung, some significant extra-pulmonary effects, and important co morbidities which may contribute to the severity of the disease in individual patients.METHODSThis study was conducted in Department of Pulmonary Medicine and central laboratory from 1st January 2015 to 31st December 2015 in Rural Institute of Medical Science & Research, Saifai, Etawah (U.P.), India on patients who presented with symptoms of COPD.RESULTSThe age group of the patient in the study, ranged from 35 to 85 years. The most common age group was 61-70 years (32.99%). Among these patients 92.95% were males and 7.04% were females. Dyspnoea (84.50%) was the common clinical manifestation. Out of 497 patients, 94.96% were smokers and 5.03% were non-smokers. Among these COPD patients 25.15% males and 4.82% females had normal hemoglobin. Similarly, normal total leukocyte count, differential leukocyte count was seen in 56.13% males and 3.82 % females. The gram negative isolates were 63.32% as compared to 36.82% of gram positive. On sputum cytology, bacteria were found in 64.18% and fungus in 35.81%. During sputum culture, Streptococcus (29.97%), was the commonest bacteria isolated followed by Moraxella (25.55%) and Pseudomonas (16.90%). Fungal isolates were Aspergillus (27.96%) and Candida spp. (7.84%).CONCLUSIONSCOPD was common in older age group, males, and smokers. Patients predominantly presented with dyspnea and chronic cough. Streptococcus was the most common organism isolated and fungus species were also isolated.
Political Acts and Public Voices: Paying Time and Attention toThe Public Servant
Authors: Salisbury Jenny
Published: May 2016

In 2012 the Canadian public sector experienced widespread cutbacks, resulting in the loss of tens of thousands of federal jobs. Responding to the demoralized culture of surveillance and censorship among public servants that followed the crisis, Common Boots Theatre (formerly Theatre Columbus), developed The Public Servant, created by Jennifer Brewin, Haley McGee, Sarah McVie, and Amy Rutherford. The Public Servant is a feminist, populist comedy that both skewers and ennobles the work of public servants. This article explores the political consequences of drawing attention to impossible situations through comedy, and considers the place of comedy in feminist cultural critique. The Public Servant celebrates the absurdity and mundane heartbreak of modern life through the emotional canon of the clown. The adventurous, subversive anarchy of the Lecoq school of clown, coupled with the decentralized power of collective creation, drives Common Boots Theatre toward work that confronts chaos and failure, making moments of loss and disaster generative and politically rich. The Public Servant demands that audiences examine the value of work in a changing political landscape. Will the status of women in government and leadership, and the way the public values their work, change with a new government?
Wiederholungsaufnahmen als Instrument zur Qualitätssicherung im Schweizerischen Landesforstinventar
Authors: Traub Berthold , Cioldi Fabrizio , Düggelin Christoph
Published: May 2016

Repeat surveys as a quality assurance tool in the Swiss National Forest Inventory

The Swiss National Forest Inventory (NFI) repeats surveys to guarantee the quality of fieldwork. To this end, approximately 10% of sample plots are completely surveyed a second time over a field season. Based on the results of the repeat survey, the current investigation focuses on the assessment precision, i.e. the reproducibility of various tree and stand attributes in NFI4. It also investigates whether the change from periodic (NFI1–NFI3) to continuous (NFI4) fieldwork has had a positive effect on the reproducibility of the attributes. The current results of the repeat surveys for NFI4 (2009/2017) are compared with those for NFI3 (2004/2006) to this end. We used statistical measures as well as measurement quality objectives (MQO) set by the NFI instructor team as a reference for evaluating reproducibility. The results vary for tree attributes which are vital for estimating stock. The result for the diameter at breast height (dbh) corresponds to the expected values, while that for upper stem diameter at seven meters height and tree height were approximately 5% below the expected values. With regard to the seven stand attributes also analyzed, four of them exceeded the quality goals (stand age, stand stability, the degree of cover of secured regeneration, and stage of development). The results for the mixture proportion, the stand structure and crown closure were between 5 and 18% below MQO. The result for presence of woody species shows that the recording of larger plants (above 130 cm) is clearly more reproducible than for smaller plants (40–130 cm). In NFI4, the reproducibility for almost all studied attributes was improved. The results suggest that the modified structure of fieldwork (with only three field teams and continuous fieldwork in NFI4) has a positive influence on the reproducibility of the included attributes.
Holzerntepotenzial im Schweizer Wald: Simulation von Bewirtschaftungsszenarien
Authors: Stadelmann Golo , Herold Anne , Didion Markus , Vidondo Beatriz , Gomez Andres , Thürig Esther
Published: May 2016

Timber-harvesting potential of Swiss forests: simulation of management scenarios

Growing stock in Swiss forests has, during the past 10 years, increased by 3% overall, with large regional variation. The increase in Alpine regions has been considerable, while growing stock has decreased on the Plateau. We simulated 5 different 100-year management scenarios with the forest development model Massimo. In the base scenario “constant growing stock”, 7.7 million m3 of merchantable timber could be harvesting annually. In the scenario “increasing growing stock”, the harvesting potential was lower (6.3 million m3), but it was higher in the scenarios “continually high increment” (7.8 million m3), “high demand for coniferous timber“ (8.5 million m3) and “high demand for wood fuel or chemical timber” (8.1 million m3). With time, timber-harvesting costs increase for all scenarios, with the least increase for the base scenario. If the prevailing management system continues (scenario “increasing growing stock”), stands will become denser and growing stock increase, with the risk of more disturbances, e.g. wind, snow-breakage, or bark beetles. In the Plateau, however, the regional overuse of recent decades could limit the overall timber-harvesting potential. In Alpine regions, stabilizing growing stock (scenario “constant growing stock”) could improve the resistance of forests, but the harvesting costs per cubic meter might be higher. These management scenarios provide decision makers with indications of how particular forest management strategies could affect the development of growing stock, harvesting amounts and costs.
Non-autonomous quantum systems with scale-dependent interface conditions
Authors: Mantile Andrea
Published: May 2016

We consider a class of modified Schrödinger operators where the semiclassical Laplacian is perturbed with h-dependent interface conditions occurring at the boundaries of the potential’s support. Under positivity assumptions on the potential, we show that this modification produces a small perturbation on the dynamics as [Formula: see text], independently from the time scale. In the case of a time dependent potential, this yields uniform-in- h stability estimates for products of instantaneous propagators. Then, following a standard approach, the non-autonomous dynamical system is defined as a limit of stepwise propagators and its small- h expansion is provided under suitable regularity assumptions on the potential’s variations.
Spectral properties of an elliptic operator with double-contrast coefficients near a hyperplane
Authors: Khrabustovskyi Andrii , Plum Michael
Published: May 2016

In this paper we study the asymptotic behaviour as [Formula: see text] of the spectrum of the elliptic operator [Formula: see text] posed in a bounded domain [Formula: see text] ([Formula: see text]) subject to Dirichlet boundary conditions on [Formula: see text]. When [Formula: see text] both coefficients [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] become high contrast in a small neighborhood of a hyperplane Γ intersecting Ω. We prove that the spectrum of [Formula: see text] converges to the spectrum of an operator acting in [Formula: see text] and generated by the operation [Formula: see text] in [Formula: see text], Dirichlet boundary conditions on [Formula: see text] and certain interface conditions on Γ containing the spectral parameter in a nonlinear manner. The eigenvalues of this operator may accumulate at a finite point. Then we study the same problem, when Ω is an infinite straight strip (“waveguide”) and Γ is parallel to its boundary. We show that [Formula: see text] has at least one gap in the spectrum when ε is small enough and describe the asymptotic behaviour of this gap as [Formula: see text]. The proofs are based on methods of homogenization theory.
Slow dynamics in reaction–diffusion systems
Authors: Strani Marta
Published: May 2016

We consider a system of reaction–diffusion equations in a bounded interval of the real line, with emphasis on the metastable dynamics, whereby the time-dependent solution approaches the steady state in an asymptotically exponentially long time interval as the viscosity coefficient [Formula: see text] goes to zero. To rigorous describe such behavior, we analyze the dynamics of layered solutions localized far from the stable configurations of the system, and we derive an ODE for the position of the internal interfaces.
Symbolic Algorithms Computing Gram Congruences in the Coxeter Spectral Classification of Edge-bipartite Graphs, I. A Gram Classification
Authors: Simson Daniel
Published: May 2016

We continue the Coxeter spectral study of the category 𝒰ℬigr m of loop-free edge-bipartite (signed) graphs Δ, with m ≥ 2 vertices, we started in [SIAM J. Discr. Math. 27(2013), 827-854] for corank r = 0 and r = 1. Here we study the class of all non-negative edge-bipartite graphs Δ ∈ 𝒰ℬigr n + r of corank r ≥ 0, up to a pair of the Gram ℤ-congruences ∼ℤ and ≈ℤ, by means of the non-symmetric Gram matrix GˇΔ∈𝕄n+r(ℤ) of Δ, the symmetric Gram matrix GΔ:=12[GˇΔ+GˇΔtr]∈𝕄n+r(ℤ), the Coxeter matrix CoxΔ:=−GˇΔ⋅GˇΔ−tr∈𝕄n+r(ℤ) and its spectrum speccΔ ⊂ ℂ, called the Coxeter spectrum of Δ. One of the aims in the study of the category 𝒰ℬigr n + r is to classify the equivalence classes of the non-negative edge-bipartite graphs in 𝒰ℬigr n + r with respect to each of the Gram congruences ∼ℤ and ≈ℤ. In particular, the Coxeter spectral analysis question, when the strong congruence Δ≈ℤΔ′ holds (hence also Δ∼ℤΔ′ holds), for a pair of connected non-negative graphs Δ, Δ′ ∈ 𝒰ℬigr n + r such that speccΔ = speccΔ′, is studied in the paper.

One of our main aims is an algorithmic description of a matrix B defining the Gram ℤ-congruences Δ≈ℤΔ′ and Δ∼ℤΔ′ , that is, a ℤ-invertible matrix B∈𝕄n+r(ℤ) such that GˇΔ′=Btr⋅GˇΔ⋅B and GΔ′=Btr⋅GΔ⋅B , respectively. We show that, given a connected non-negative edge-bipartite graph Δ in 𝒰ℬigr n + r of corank r ≥ 0 there exists a simply laced Dynkin diagram D, with n vertices, and a connected canonical r-vertex extension D^:=D^(r) of D of corank r (constructed in Section 2) such that Δ~ℤD^. We also show that every matrix B defining the strong Gram ℤ-congruence Δ≈ℤΔ′ in 𝒰ℬigr n + r has the form B=CΔ⋅B¯⋅CΔ′−1, where CΔ,CΔ′∈Mn+r(ℤ) are fixed ℤ-invertible matrices defining the weak Gram congruences Δ~ℤD^ and Δ′~ℤD^ with an r-vertex extended graph D^, respectively, and B¯∈𝕄n+r(ℤ) is ℤ-invertible matrix lying in the isotropy group G1(n+r,ℤ)D^ of D^. Moreover, each of the columns k∈ℤn+r of B is a root of ℤ, i.e., k⋅GˇΔ⋅ktr=1. Algorithms constructing the set of all such matrices B are presented in case when r = 0. We essentially use our construction of a morsification reduction map ϕD^:UBigrD^→MorD^ that reduces (up to ≈ℤ) the study of the set 𝒰ℬigrD^ of all connected non-negative edge-bipartite graphs Δ in 𝒰ℬigr n + r such that Δ~ℤD^ to the study of G1(n+r,ℤ)D^-orbits in the set MorD^⊆G1(n+r,ℤ) of all matrix morsifications of the graph D^.
A Generalization of Join and an Algorithmic Recognition Problem
Authors: Shalu M.A. , Devi Yamini S.
Published: May 2016

We consider a new graph operation c2-join which generalizes join and co-join. We show that odd hole-free graphs (odd antihole-free graphs) are closed under c2-join and describe a polynomial time algorithm to recognize graphs that admit a c2-join. The time complexity of the ( a) recognition problem, ( b) maximum weight independent set (MWIS) problem, and ( c) minimum coloring (MC) problem for odd hole-free graphs are still unknown. Let H be an odd hole-free graph that contains an odd antihole as an induced subgraph and 𝒢 H be the class of all graphs generated from the induced subgraphs of H by using c2-join recursively. Then 𝒢 H is odd hole-free, contains all P4-free graphs, complement of all bipartite graphs, and some imperfect graphs. We show that the MWIS problem, maximum weight clique (MWC) problem, MC problem, and minimum clique cover (MCC) problem can be solved efficiently for 𝒢 H.
Rough Approximation Operators in Group Mapping and Their Applications to Coding Theory
Authors: Xu Jiuping , Qiu Rui , Tao Zhimiao
Published: May 2016

This paper focuses on rough approximation operators in group mapping. The relationships between rough set theory and group theory are considered from a novel perspective. The necessary and sufficient conditions for the upper approximation and lower approximation of a group to be groups are analyzed. In addition, the homomorphism and isomorphism between two groups which have related upper or lower approximations are investigated. Finally, the applications of rough approximation operators in group mapping to coding theory are developed.
Seasonal variation and characterization of effluents of fertilizer factory
Authors: Fatima K , Hossain MK , Islam MA
Published: May 2016

The study was carried out to assess the water quality of the Jamuna river affected by effluents discharged from the nearby Jamuna Fertilizer Company Limited and its temporal change over wet and dry seasons due to change of the physico-chemical parameters. Effluents of the factories and water samples were collected from four different selected stations during the period of June to August 2014 and January to March 2015.The results further revealed that the water samples showed a remarkable variation in physico-chemical parameters during the wet and dry season. In wet season the mean value of temperature, pH, EC, TDS, TSS, DO, BOD, ammonium, nitrite, nitrate and chloride were28.63± 3.79 °C, 8.10± 0.85, 664.41± 599.54µscm-1, 370.91± 111.38 ppm, 74.49± 25.90 ppm, 6.11 ± 1.28 ppm, 75.39 ± 140.86 ppm 296.74± 303.03 ppm, 12.31±21.38 ppm,  15.19±24.49 ppm and 15.23±8.72 ppm, respectively In the dry season the mean value of temperature, pH, EC, TDS, TSS, DO, BOD, ammonium, nitrite, nitrate and chloride were31.69 ±3.18°C, 8.44± 0.66, 786.25±551.18µscm1, 338.37± 94.70 ppm, 72.08± 58.83 ppm, 5.45 ± 0.95 ppm, 86.93 ± 159.82 ppm, 347.91± 291.60 ppm, 13.68±23.1 ppm, 18.34± 24.92 ppm and 18.3±9.32 ppm, respectively. The comparative study showed that most of the effluent and water quality parameters were higher in dry season than those of the wet season because in dry season less quantity of water remains in the river and in wet season more water remains in river that has great dilution capacity. For existence and conservation of aquatic resources, it is essential to investigate the water quality and surrounding environment of the river.Progressive Agriculture 26 (2): 136-146, 2015
Effect of tillage method and weeding regime on soil weed seed bank status and yield performance of wheat
Authors: Khatun MJ , Begum M , Hossain MM
Published: May 2016

An experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory and net house of the Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh from November 2012 to March 2014. Wheat (cv. BARI Gom-26) was sown with two tillage methods viz., (i) conventional tillage and (ii) stale seedbed technique and nine weeding regimes viz., (i) Unweeded (Control), (ii) Weed free, (iii) Hand weeding (HW) at 15 Days after sowing (DAS), (iv) HW at 15 and 45 DAS, (v)   HW at 25 and 45 DAS (vi) HW at 25 DAS (vii) HW at 25 and 60 DAS (viii) 2,4-D amine at 15 DAS and (ix) 2,4-D amine at 15 DAS + HW at 60 DAS. The design was split-plot with three replications where tillage method was assigned to the main plots and weeding regime to the sub plots. Conventionally tilled plots were infested with 12 weed species of which the five most dominant weed species in descent order were Polygonum coccineum L, Chenopodium album L, Cynodon dactylon L., Sonchus arvensis L. and Cyperus rotundus L. In stale seedbed out of 15 weed species Digitaria sanguinalis L. and Hedyotis corymbosa (L.) Lamk. was dominant instead of Chenopodium album L. and Sonchus arvensis L. identified in conventional tillage. In soil weed seed bank study, 28 species were identified in conventional tillage and 30 in stale seedbed. Among them annuals were dominant over perennials and broadleaves over grasses and sedges. In conventional tillage, the five most dominant weed species in descent order were Chenopodium album L., Hedyotis corymbosa L., Sonchus arvensis L., Polygonum coccineum L. and Rotala ramosior L. while in stale seedbed, five dominant weeds were Polygonum coccineum L., Chenopodium album L., Cynodon dactylon L., Lindernia procumbens Krock. and L. hyssopifolia L. Except the number of spikelets spike-1, rest of all other yield attributes and yield of wheat were affected significantly by the tillage methods. Stale seedbed technique yielded the higher grain (3.54 t ha-1) and the conventional tillage yielded the lower (3.13 t ha-1). The effect of weeding regime was significant on wheat except plant height and 1000-grain weight. The highest grain yield (3.85 t ha-1) was recorded from weed free treatment followed by 2,4-D amine at 15 DAS and lowest (3.22 t ha-1) from control. Interaction between the treatments was also. The highest grain yield (4.09 t ha-1) was recorded from the stale seedbed technique kept weed free followed by 2,4-D amine at 15 DAS and lowest grain yield (3.04 t ha-1) recorded from the conventional tillage retained unweeded.Progressive Agriculture 27 (1): 9-19, 2016
Effect of cultivar and seed rate on weed infestation and crop performance of wheat
Authors: Halder PK , Salim M , Paul SK
Published: May 2016

An experiment was carried out at the Agronomy Field laboratory of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the period from November 2014 to March 2015 to study the effect of cultivar and seed rate on weed infestation and crop performance of wheat. Three wheat cultivars viz. BARI Gam 24, BARI Gam 25 and BARI Gam 26 and five seed rates viz. 80, 90, 100, 110 and 120 kg ha-1 were considered as the experimental treatment. The experiment was carried out in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. The cultivar and seed rate were significantly influenced on weed infestation and crop performance of wheat. The dry weight of weeds in cultivar BARI Gam 26 was the lowest (9.24 g m-2) compared to other cultivars. The lowest dry weight of weed was recorded in the seed rate of 120 kg ha-1 (7.57 g m-2) and the highest one (16.14 g m-2) was produced in seed rate of 80 kg ha-1. The highest plant height (93.27 cm), number of effective tillers plant-1 (3.69) and 1000-grain weight (44.51g) were produced in BARI Gam 25. The highest number of spikelet spike-1 (18.12) and grains spike-1 (34.51) were produced by BARI Gam 26. BARI Gam 26 produced the highest grain yield (2.51 t ha-1) which was as good as BARI Gam 25 (2.48 t ha-1). BARI Gam 26 produced the highest grain yield with 100 kg seed rate and also a good competitor against weeds. Seed rate was a reliable factor where increasing seed rate reduced the weed dry weight production. In conclusion, cultivation of BARI Gam 26 @100 kg ha-1 seeds may be cultivated for higher grain yield.Progressive Agriculture 27 (1): 20-26, 2016
Effect of plant establishment method and weeding on the yield and yield components of Boro rice
Authors: Ghosh RC , Bhuiya MSU , Uddin MR , Sarker UK , Das KR
Published: May 2016

An experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh during December 2013 to May 2014 to observe the effect of plant establishment method and weeding on the yield and yieldcomponents of boro rice cv. BRRI dhan29. The treatments included two plant establishment methods  viz. direct seeding and transplantingusing the seedling of direct seeded plots; four weedings viz. no weeding, one weeding at 15 days after transplanting (DAT), two weedings at 15 and 30 DAT, three weedings at 15, 30 and 45 DAT.The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Yield contributing characters and yield of boro rice were influenced by plant establishment method and weeding. The highest plant height (79.24 cm), grains panicle-1 (121.90), grain yield (2.86 t ha-1), straw yield (3.56 t ha-1), biological yield (6.42 t ha-1) and harvest index (44.81%) were recorded by transplanting method. The highest number of total tillers hill-1 (17.48 ), effective tillers hill-1 (13.39), grain yield (3.38 t ha-1), straw yield (4.22 t ha-1), biological yield (7.61 t ha-1) and harvest index (47.01%) were obtained with three weeding at 15, 30 and 45 DAT. The lowest grain yield (1.69 t ha-1) and straw yield (2.42 t ha-1) were recorded from no weeding. The highest grain yield (3.65 t ha-1) was recorded from transplanting method with three weeding, which was statistically similar to transplanting method with two weeding. Again direct seeding method with three weeding resulted in similar yield with that of transplanting method with two weeding. The lowest grain yield (1.46 t ha-1) was recorded from direct seeding method with no weeding. From the present experiment it may be concluded that transplanting method with two weeding or direct seeding method with three weeding may be recommended for cultivation of modern bororice.Progressive Agriculture 27 (1): 27-31, 2016
Impact of variety and levels of nitrogen on the growth performance of HYV transplant Aman rice
Authors: Paul SK , Islam MS , Sarkar MAR , Das KR , Islam SMM
Published: May 2016

An experiment was carried out at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during June to December 2012 with a view to finding out the impact of variety and levels of nitrogen on the growth performance of transplant Aman rice. The experiment comprised four varieties viz. BRRI dhan33, BRRI dhan34, BRRI dhan39 and BRRI dhan46, and four levels of nitrogen viz. control (no urea), prilled urea (50 kg N ha-1), one pellet (0.9g) of USG/4 hills of two adjacent rows (30 kg N ha-1) was applied at 10 days after transplanting (DAT) and two pellets of USG (0.9g each) one applied at 10 DAT and the another at 45 DAT/4 hills of two adjacent rows (60 kg N ha-1). The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Results of the experiment showed that variety and levels of nitrogen had significant effect on plant height, number of tillers hill-1 and leaf area index (LAI) of HYV transplant Aman rice. At 15 and 75 DAT the tallest plant was found in BRRI dhan34 whereas at 30, 45 and 60 DAT the tallest plant was found in BRRI dhan39.  BRRI dhan34 produced higher number of tillers hill-1 at 75 DAT which was as good as BRRI dhan33 and BRRI dhan46 while BRRI dhan39 produced higher LAI in compare to other varieties at all sampling dates. Two pellets of USG (0.9g each) one applied at 10 DAT and the another at 45 DAT/4 hills of two adjacent rows (60 kg N ha-1) can produced tallest plant, higher number tillers hill-1 and higher LAI at all dates of sampling. Among the interaction BRRI dhan34 fertilized with two pellets of USG (0.9g each) one applied at 10 DAT and another at 45 DAT/4 hills of two adjacent rows (60 kg N ha-1) appears as the promising combination in respect of growth performance of HYV transplant Aman rice.Progressive Agriculture 27 (1): 32-38, 2016
Effect of seed treatment on seed borne fungi of rice
Authors: Naher L , Ali MA , Sheheli S
Published: May 2016

Farmers of our country are not aware about seed treatment for controlling seed borne fungi. Seeds of 3 rice varieties viz. BR11, BRRI dhan30 and BRRI dhan33 were collected from farmers houses of Gopalpur, Tangail. Three seed treating fungicides viz. vitavax 200 vitavax 200 (0.25%), thiovit (0.25%) and cupravit (0.25%) were used. Collected seed samples were tested by dry inspection and blotter method. The highest and the lowest germination were recorded in seed samples of BRRI dhan30 (90%) and BRRI dhan33 (75%). After seed treatment the highest and the lowest germination were recorded in seed samples of BRRIdhan30, BRRI dhan33 (100) treated by vitavax 200 (0.25%) and BR11 (80%) in control. Seed health test by blotter method revealed seed borne fungi belonging to six genera viz. Bipolarisoryzae (2.5 to 8.53%), Alternariapadwickii (5.3 to 13.35%), Fusariummoniliforme (11.66 to 21.67%), Fusariumoxysporum (1.25 to 4.35%), Curvularialunata (1.95 to 7.5%) and Aspergillusspp (1.75 to 6.54%) were encountered. Bur after seed treatment remarkable improvement viz. Bipolarisoryzae (0.15 to 3.75%), Alternariapadwickii (0.0 to 3.0%), Fusariummoniliforme (2.16 to 5.83%), Fusariumoxysporum (0.0 to 3.0%), Curvulariaunata (0.0 to 2.56%) and Aspergillusspp (0.0 to 1.5%) were encountered. Vitavax 200 was found most effective against the seed borne pathogens of rice. Nowadays, many botanical extracts such as neem, nishinda, garlic, alamonda and biological agent such as Trichoderma also using as seed treating agent and resulted significant higher germination and plant stand, less disease incidence and higher yield of different crops. So, the farmers should treat their seed before sowing in their field and through this technique they will be more benefited.Progressive Agriculture 27 (1): 48-56, 2016
Impact of Providing Feed and/or Water on Performance, Physiology, and Behavior of Weaned Pigs during a 32-h Transport
Authors: Garcia Arlene , Sutherland Mhairi , Pirner Glenna , Picinin Guilherme , May Matthew , Backus Brittany , McGlone John
Published: May 2016

Transportation at weaning is a complex stressor made up of many factors, including withdrawal from feed and water, which can potentially negatively affect the health and welfare of pigs, especially those already experiencing weaning stress. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of weaning and extended transport durations (up to 32 h), with and without the provision of feed and/or water, on pig welfare. Treatment groups included: pigs neither weaned nor transported, control (CON); weaned pigs transported and provided with feed and water (T+); weaned pigs transported without feed and water (T−); weaned pigs transported with only feed (T+F); and weaned pigs transported with only water provided (TRAN+W). The effect of transport (with and without feed and/or water) on weaned pigs was assessed using behavior, performance, and physiology. After a 32-h transport period, pigs transported without water lost markedly more weight than those transported with water ( p < 0.01). Furthermore, the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio was markedly higher in male pigs transported without water ( p < 0.05). Overall, transportation had a negative effect on pig well-being, especially when water was not provided.
Psychoacoustic Approaches for Harmonic Music Mixing
Authors: Gebhardt Roman , Davies Matthew , Seeber Bernhard
Published: May 2016

The practice of harmonic mixing is a technique used by DJs for the beat-synchronous and harmonic alignment of two or more pieces of music. In this paper, we present a new harmonic mixing method based on psychoacoustic principles. Unlike existing commercial DJ-mixing software, which determines compatible matches between songs via key estimation and harmonic relationships in the circle of fifths, our approach is built around the measurement of musical consonance. Given two tracks, we first extract a set of partials using a sinusoidal model and average this information over sixteenth note temporal frames. By scaling the partials of one track over ±6 semitones (in 1/8th semitone steps), we determine the pitch-shift that maximizes the consonance of the resulting mix. For this, we measure the consonance between all combinations of dyads within each frame according to psychoacoustic models of roughness and pitch commonality. To evaluate our method, we conducted a listening test where short musical excerpts were mixed together under different pitch shifts and rated according to consonance and pleasantness. Results demonstrate that sensory roughness computed from a small number of partials in each of the musical audio signals constitutes a reliable indicator to yield maximum perceptual consonance and pleasantness ratings by musically-trained listeners.
A Bitter Sweet Symphony: Immune Responses to Altered O-glycan Epitopes in Cancer
Authors: Cornelissen Lenneke , Van Vliet Sandra
Published: May 2016

The appearance of aberrant glycans on the tumor cell surface is one of the emerging hallmarks of cancer. Glycosylation is an important post-translation modification of proteins and lipids and is strongly affected by oncogenesis. Tumor-associated glycans have been extensively characterized regarding their composition and tumor-type specific expression patterns. Nevertheless whether and how tumor-associated glycans contribute to the observed immunomodulatory actions by tumors has not been extensively studied. Here, we provide a detailed overview of the current knowledge on how tumor-associated O-glycans affect the anti-tumor immune response, thereby focusing on truncated O-glycans present on epithelial tumors and mucins. These tumor-associated O-glycans and mucins bind a variety of lectin receptors on immune cells to facilitate the subsequently induction of tolerogenic immune responses. We, therefore, postulate that tumor-associated glycans not only support tumor growth, but also actively contribute to immune evasion.
The Role of Coulomb Interactions for Spin Crossover Behaviors and Crystal Structural Transformation in Novel Anionic Fe(III) Complexes from a π-Extended ONO Ligand
Authors: Murata Suguru , Takahashi Kazuyuki , Sakurai Takahiro , Ohta Hitoshi , Yamamoto Takashi , Einaga Yasuaki , Shiota Yoshihito , Yoshizawa Kazunari
Published: May 2016

To investigate the π-extension effect on an unusual negative-charged spin crossover (SCO) FeIII complex with a weak N2O4 first coordination sphere, we designed and synthesized a series of anionic FeIII complexes from a π-extended naphthalene derivative ligand. Acetonitrile-solvate tetramethylammonium (TMA) salt 1 exhibited an SCO conversion, while acetone-solvate TMA salt 2 was in a high-spin state. The crystal structural analysis for 2 revealed that two-leg ladder-like cation-anion arrays derived from π-stacking interactions between π-ligands of the FeIII complex anion and Coulomb interactions were found and the solvated acetone molecules were in one-dimensional channels between the cation-anion arrays. A desolvation-induced single-crystal-to-single-crystal transformation to desolvate compound 2’ may be driven by Coulomb energy gain. Furthermore, the structural comparison between quasi-polymorphic compounds 1 and 2 revealed that the synergy between Coulomb and π-stacking interactions induces a significant distortion of coordination structure of 2.
Low-Complexity Iterative Approximated Water-Filling Based Power Allocation in an Ultra-Dense Network
Authors: Su Xin , Liu Bei , Zhu Xiaopeng , Zeng Jie , Xiao Chiyang
Published: May 2016

It is highly possible that future wireless communication systems will adopt ultra-dense deployment to cope with the increasing demand on spectrum efficiency and energy efficiency. The pivotal issue to achieve the potential benefits of the ultra-dense network is to deal with the complex inter-site interference. In this paper, in order to maximize the spectrum efficiency of the system, we first make a reasonable approximation on the inter-site interference to convert the problem into a convex optimization problem. Then, the Lagrangian Multiplier method is adopted to obtain the expression of the optimum power allocation, and the water filling algorithm, as one of the most classical algorithms in the information theory, can be applied to maximize the sum rate or spectrum efficiency of the system. Since the classical iteratively searching water filling algorithm needs many iterations to converge to the optimal solution, we develop a low-complexity iterative approximate water filling algorithm. Simulation results show that the developed algorithm can achieve very close performance to the classical iteratively searching water filling based power allocation with only a few iterations under different scenarios, which leads to a significant complexity reduction.