bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Essay on Calculating Dark Energy and Dark Matter
Authors:   Independent scientist, Germany, M. Jöge Friedhelm
Published: February 2025

A formula for calculating dark energy is established through derivation. The result is tested on the basis of the available data
from the MAX PLANCK Institute for Radio Astronomy. In International Journal of Physics and Astronomy June 2019, Vol.7, No.1,
pp.1-7 additional formulas are substracted. The universe's dark matter has been computed. There is a balance sheet created and
the most important formulas compiled.
Cybernetics: The Forgotten Language of the Age
Authors:   Visiting Professor at Several State Universities, Jordan, Shtat Hazar
Published: February 2025

In a side office attached to one of the world’s research centers,
an unusual commotion is being stirred up by highly qualified
professors and electrical and electronic engineers with their
counterparts from the departments of theoretical and applied
physics.
Sinonasal malignancies
Authors:   , Scheurleer Willem Frederik Julius
Published: February 2025

Chapter 1 introduces the anatomy of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses, and discusses malignancies at these sites, outlining current diagnostic and treatment practices. Chapter 2 presents a population-based cohort study on sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in the Netherlands from 2008 to 2021. It reports a slight increase in annual incidence (1.6% annual percentage change), with a 5-year overall survival (OS) of 43%. These findings highlight poor survival outcomes and the need for better treatments. Chapter 3 focuses on SCC of the nasal vestibule, noting distinct differences in clinical presentation, treatment, and outcomes. It found a downward trend in incidence and higher 5-year OS and disease-free survival (DFS) rates compared to SCC of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses, stressing the importance of treating these tumors separately.

Chapter 4 evaluates brachytherapy for early-stage SCC of the nasal vestibule. A study of 68 patients over 17 years found 5-year locoregional recurrence-free survival (LRFS) of 91.1%, disease-specific survival (DSS) of 96.1%, and OS of 66.2%, suggesting brachytherapy as an effective and safe treatment. Chapter 5 discusses the variability in staging systems for nasal vestibule cancer, proposing the adoption of a new system by Bussu et al., which showed balanced patient allocation and improved staging accuracy. Chapter 6 assesses the Rome classification, which demonstrated statistically significant associations with survival outcomes, supporting its potential as a prognostic tool for nasal vestibule SCC, though further validation is needed.

Chapter 7 shifts focus to sinonasal mucosal melanoma (MM), a rare and aggressive cancer with poor survival rates. A study of 320 patients between 2001 and 2021 found stable incidence rates and 5-year OS and relative survival (RS) of 24.5% and 32.4%, respectively, highlighting the need for novel treatments. Chapter 9 investigates PRAME, a potential diagnostic and therapeutic target in sinonasal MM. In a study of 26 patients, PRAME expression was found in all cases, suggesting its utility in diagnosis and as a target for therapy.

Chapter 9 also examines sinonasal teratocarcinosarcoma, an aggressive malignancy with a poor prognosis. A retrospective analysis of three patients showed rapid local expansion and high risk of metastasis, underscoring the need for multimodal treatment. Finally, Chapter 10 presents a survey of sinonasal cancer experts, revealing significant variation in management practices and the lack of consensus on treatment approaches. This highlights the need for collaborative research and international guidelines to standardize care.

These chapters provide a comprehensive clinical and epidemiological baseline, emphasizing the importance of multidisciplinary research and the need for innovative treatment strategies for sinonasal malignancies.
Towards Inclusive Education: A Conceptual Model for Curriculum Management in Inclusive Schools
Authors: Kriswanto Didi , Suyatno Suyatno , Sukirman Sukirman
Published: February 2025

Providing access to learning in inclusive schools for children with special needs in Indonesia is still concerning. The implementation of the curriculum in inclusive schools has not been able to accommodate all Children with Special Needs. This study aimed to find a conceptual model of curriculum management as an alternative and practical approach to implementing inclusive schools. This study was conducted in one of the elementary schools in Yogyakarta using qualitative methods with case study. Data collection was carried out through observation, interviews, and documentation. Triangulation of sources, techniques, and time was used to test the validity of the data to test the validity of the data. Data analysis includes collection, reduction, presentation, and verification/conclusions. The study results indicate that inclusive curriculum management has been implemented and structured through planning, organizing, implementing, and evaluating/assessing, considering all aspects involved in the process. The results of this study can be used as a guideline for implementing curriculum management in inclusive schools. However, further research is needed on the effectiveness of implementing curriculum management in inclusive schools and a more in-depth study of the obstacles and challenges in implementing curriculum management in inclusive schools.
Harnessing Performance Management to Elevate Lecturer Effectiveness in Nigerian Colleges
Authors: Oyeniran Saheed , Maryam Adedolapo Yusuf , Habibat Abubakar Yusuf , Bolanle Jimoh Taibat
Published: February 2025

The role of lecturers is vital in achieving the objectives of colleges of education, necessitating their optimal performance. This study examines the connection between performance management practices such as competency, culture, leadership, measurement and reward-based and lecturer effectiveness in colleges of education in southwest Nigeria. A correlational survey research design to explore relationships between variables and predict outcomes, the study utilized multistage sampling techniques to select regional colleges, including stratified, purposive, and proportionate methods. This sampling method was used due to the large and geographically dispersed population involving different schools. Out of a targeted population of 583, 459 participants were included. Data were gathered using the Performance Management Questionnaire (PMQ) and the Lecturers' Effectiveness Questionnaire (LEQ). The instruments were validated using the ordinal alpha reliability technique, yielding the ordinal alpha reliability coefficient of 0.95 and 0.90 for PMQ and LEQ, respectively. Four research questions were addressed using median descriptive statistics, while one central and four operational hypotheses were tested using the Partial Least Square Structural Equation Model (PLS-SEM). The study revealed that performance management levels are very high in these colleges, and lecturer effectiveness is encouraging. A notable relationship exists between career-based and culture-based performance management and lecturer effectiveness. The study recommends that administrators and managers of colleges of education enhance current performance management practices through policy development and establish a framework to address concerns about the quality of teachers graduating from these institutions.
Endogenous integration of qualitative factors into quantitative energy transition modelling.
Authors: Fields Neve , Leonard Alycia , Mutembei Martin , Nganga Anne , Martindale Leigh , Bergman Marissa , Kaoma Mwansa , Howells Mark , Brown Ed
Published: February 2025

Energy transition research in low- and middle-income countries often employs quantitative modelling to analyse possible future development pathways which leverage clean, renewable, and efficient energy to meet societal needs and promote development. Yet such quantitative methods are often critiqued for their reductionary nature, and failure to capture the wider contextual real-world complexities in which energy decisions are made. Integrating qualitative considerations into energy modelling offers an opportunity to reflect these complexities and strengthen techno-economic research, particularly when these considerations can be structurally integrated into models themselves. By developing a framework for endogenous qualitative integration into energy transition modelling for development – through extensive stakeholder co-production, qualitative storylines, and contextual analysis – this paper outlines feasible steps for qualitative incorporation at all phases of the modelling research process. Supported by the results of a systematic literature review, it recommends that qualitative considerations, such as social dynamics, human behaviour and institutional factors - alongside a particular focus on gender and social inclusion, resilience and climate adaptation awareness - be examined and integrated at all stages of the modelling research process, conceptualised into four phases: (1) ‘Pre-Modelling’, (2) ‘Storytelling and Narratives’, (3) ‘The Model’, and (4) ‘Beyond the Model’.
Some Features of Children’s Grave Goods from the Polack Land from the End of the Tenth to the 12th Century
Authors: Makouskaya Viktoryia
Published: February 2025

The article presents an attempt to determine some features of children’s grave goods in inhumation burials in barrow cemeteries in the Polack land at the end of the tenth to the 12th century. The study is based on a comparison of the grave goods of children and adults in individual cemeteries, geographic micro-regions and the whole of the Polack land, as well as the detection of a correlation between changes in grave goods and the age of the buried individual. In this paper, the results of an analysis of 78 children’s burials (up to 14 years old) from 35 barrow cemeteries are presented. As a result of the study, some types of grave goods were identified that can mark the ‘children’s’ status of the buried individual. Such grave goods include miniature jewellery, jewellery of ‘secondary’ use, and inaccurately made temple rings of indefinable types. These objects are most often found in the burials of children under seven years of age (group infans I) and are absent in the burials of children over 12 years old. Also, some items were identified that may indicate the transition of the buried child to the status of an adult. Usually, such items are found in the graves of adolescents. For male burials these are weapons, for females headbands and neck-rings. It was determined that the age of about 12 years old could most likely be a stage in the maturation of a person, which was reflected in the burials.
PENINGKATAN SDM KADER DAN DIGITALISASI DATA POSYANDU ANGGREK CIUMBULEUIT KOTA BANDUNG DI ERA REVOLUSI INDUSTRI 4.0.
Authors: Purfini Apriani Puti , Fauziah Hanif Resti
Published: February 2025

Posyandu merupakan salah satu bentuk Upaya Kesehatan Bersumber daya Masyarakat (UKBM) yang dikelola dari, oleh, untuk, dan bersama masyarakat. Di era revolusi industri 4.0 ini banyak pekerjaan-pekerjaan yang mulai dialih fungsikan menggunakan teknologi. Begitu pula pada posyandu, kegiatan yang dilakukan oleh kader-kader pada posyandu harus menyeimbangi dengan teknologi yang ada. Pendampingan yang dilakukan ini merupakan bentuk upaya untuk melatih masyarakat guna menyeimbangkan kecanggihan yang ada. Metode yang digunakan adalah  dengan metode pelatihan dan pendampingan. Hasil yang diharapkan dari pelatihan dan  pengabdian ini adalah posyandu menjadi organisasi yang baik serta kader-kader yang terlibat didalamnya mampu mengelola posyandu lebih efektif dan terdigitalisasi.
The Meaning of Sign in Public Service Advertisement
Authors: Mareta Ni Putu Dita , Beratha Ni Luh Sutjiati , Savitri Putu Wedda
Published: February 2025

This research entitled “The Meaning of Signs in Public Service Advertisement”. The aims to find the verbal and visual signs in the United Nation International Children Emergency Fund’s public service advertisement and explain the meaning of signs in the advertisement. The data was taken from website.  The discussion of this study was about the verbal and visual signs that found in UNICEF advertisement and explain the meaning of those signs. The theory of Semiotics by Saussure (citied in Chandler) is used to find out the verbal and visual signs that found in advertisement. And the theory from Barthes is used to explain the meaning of verbal and visual signs in advertisement. And supported by the theory of colour meaning by Cerrato. Four verbal and visual cues from UNICEF's advertising are included in the analysis's output. Both denotative and connotative meanings are included in these verbal and visual cues; the former concentrates on providing readers with information about the advertisement, while the latter focuses on revealing additional meanings and hidden messages from the commercial.
Keywords: Verbal Sign, Visual Sign, Public Service Advertisement
Lexical Hedges Used by the Female Characters in Birds of Prey Movie
Authors: Ira Yunita Ni Nyoman Ayu Mas , Puspani Ida Ayu Made , Adni Nissa Puspitaning
Published: February 2025

This study was entitled Lexical Hedges Used by The Female Characters in Birds of Prey Movie. This study aimed to figure out the lexicons used as lexical hedges and analyzed why those were used in Birds of Prey movie. The data was collected from the utterances of the female characters in the 2020 movie Birds of Prey, directed by Cathy Yan. The data was collected through documentation and note-taking method. In analyzing the data, descriptive qualitative method was applied based on Lakoff's (1975) theory of lexical hedges. The result of the analysis showed several examples of types of lexicons as lexical hedges used by the female characters, including “well,” “you know,” “I think,” “I guess.” For the used of lexical hedges in Birds of Prey, demonstrating their preference for employing these linguistic strategies to convey uncertainty, weaken assertions, and enhance politeness in their interactions.
Keywords: Sociolinguistics, Women’s Language Features, Lexical Hedges
PROMOSI DAN EDUKASI PRODUK BAMBU KREATIF MELALUI MARKETING CHANNEL
Authors: Susanti Santi , Mogot Yuni
Published: February 2025

Bambu merupakan salah satu kekayaan alam Indonesia yang memiliki banyak manfaat. Salah satunya dijadikan produk bambu kreatif untuk kebutuhan hidup manusia. Studio Dapur, perusahaan kreatif berbasis desain produk bekerjasama dengan salah satu kelompok pengrajin di Kabupaten Tasikmalaya, memproduksi barang-barang kebutuhan dapur dengan desain modern dan harga berlipat dibandingkan produk bambu tradisional. Tidak mudah memasarkan produk bambu premium dari Studio Dapur sehingga dibutuhkan promosi dalam pemasarannya. Promosi merupakan bagian penting dari pemasaran produk inovasi yang diproduksi Studio Dapur. Studio Dapur memanfaatkan marketing channel atau saluran pemasaran yang tersedia untuk berpromosi dan edukasi tentang proses produksi dan tanaman bambu kepada masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengungkap strategi promosi dan edukasi produk bambu kreatif melalui marketing channel yang tersedia. Kami menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara, observasi dan kajian dokumentasi berupa gambar maupun teks. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, Studio Dapur menggunakan saluran pemasaran offline berupa pameran, untuk mendapatkan jejaring dari para buyer dalam dan luar negeri, serta saluran pemasaran online, berupa website, media sosial, dan e-commerce. Saluran marketing online berisikan informasi tentang Studio Dapur, produk yang dihasilkan, serta edukasi mengenai bambu dan pemanfaatannya sebagai produk modern kebutuhan rumah tangga berkualitas baik.
Gen Z PEMAHAMAN GEN Z TERHADAP TINDAKAN CYBERBULLYING DI PLATFORM INSTAGRAM
Authors: Pinalis Dallih
Published: February 2025

Semakin berkembang dan meluasnya penggunaan sosial media dapat meningkatkan tindakan cyberbullying dan pelecehan siber terutama pada kalangan anak muda, yang mana tindakan tersebut sering terjadi di platform instagram. Sehingga semakin tingginya penggunaan instagram di kalangan gen z terutama pada mahasiswa kota Semarang dapat memberikan dampak negatif terhadap tindakaan cyberbullying. Hal ini dapat menjadi masalah serius karena akan berdampak pada kesehatan mental korban, termasuk kecemasan depresi,, perilaku anti-sosial, dan memiliki keinginan untuk bunuh diri. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk melihat tingkat pemahaman serta pengaruh gen z terutama mahasiswa kota Semarang terhadap tindakan cyberbullying di platform instagram. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan teknik pengambilan data purposive sampling. Populasi dalam penelitian yaitu mahasiswa kota Semarang dengan sampel yang didapatkan sebanyak 110 responden melalui kuesioner Google Formulir secara online. Hasil penelitian utama menunjukkan bahwa pada variabel pemaham dan gen z berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap tindakan cyberbullying, sedangkan pada variabel instagram berpengaruh negatif terhadap tindakan cyberbullying yang terjadi pada penelitian terhadap Mahasiswa Kota Semarang.
Satu Langkah Penting: Kebijakan Timor Leste Menyepakati MoU Join Ministerial Statement dengan Indonesia Tahun 2002
Authors: FITHRIA FARAH AGNIS
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This article will discuss the cooperation established by Timor Leste and Indonesia in 2002 through the MoU Joint Ministerial Statement. Timor Leste is a country that has been occupied by Indonesia for 24 years, and during that time there was a lot of treatment from the Indonesian government which was felt to be a stepchild of Timor Leste and gave the impression that it paid little attention to that country. Because of this, the people of Timor Leste protested with demonstrations demanding separation from Indonesia. However, not long after officially becoming an independent country, Timor Leste adopted a policy to agree to open diplomatic relations with Indonesia. Based on the brief explanation above, the author formulates the research question as: Why did Timor Leste agree to sign a Memorandum of Understanding on the Joint Ministerial Statement with Indonesia in 2002? This article will use qualitative and analytical descriptive methods with research library data collection techniques where the data obtained comes from books, reputable scientific articles and the internet. The theory that the author will use is the Decision Making Theory.
Keywords: Timor Leste; Indonesia; foreign policy; Cooperation
ABSTRAK
Artikel ini akan membahas tentang kesepakatan kerjasama yang di bangun oleh Timor Leste dan Indonesia pada tahun 2002 melalui MoU Joint Ministerial Statement. Timor Leste adalah negara yang telah diduduki oleh Indonesia selam 24 tahun, dan selama itu banyak perlakuan dari pemerntah Indonesia yang di rasa menganak tirikan Timor Leste dan terkesan kurang memperhatikan negara itu. Karena hal ini masyarakat Timor Leste melakukan protes dengan demonstrasi menuntut pemisahan dari Indonesia. Namun tidak berselang lama setelah resmi menjadi negara yang merdeka, Timor Leste mengambil sebuah kebijakan untuk menyepakati membuka hubungan diplomatik dengan Indonesia. Berdasarkan penjelasan singkat diatas maka penulis merumuskan pertanyaan penelitian menjadi: Mengapa Timor Leste menyepakati penandatangan  nota kesepahaman Joint Ministerial Statement dengan Indonesia pada tahun 2002? Tulisan ini akan menggunakan metode kualitatif dan bersifat deskriptif analitis dengan teknik pengumpulan data library reaserch di mana data-data yang diperoleh bersumber dari buku-buku, artikel ilmiah bereputasi maupun internet. Teori yang akan dipakai penulis adalah Teori Decision making Process.
Kata Kunci: Timor Leste; Indonesia; Kebijakan Luar Negeri; Kerjasama
ANALISIS KOMPREHENSIF PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM MEREK DAGANG DALAM BISNIS DI INDONESIA
Authors: Rahman Erval Ade
Published: February 2025

Legal protection of trademarks in Indonesia, regulated by Law No. 20 of 2016 on Trademarks and Geographical Indications, plays a crucial role in shaping the competitive conditions in the market. This article analyzes the impact of trademark protection on market competition and industry dynamics in Indonesia. The study identifies that effective protection can reduce unfair competition practices, such as counterfeiting and brand imitation, as well as encourage investment and innovation among businesses. Trademark protection also contributes to market transparency and enhances consumer trust. However, significant challenges are faced by small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), which often struggle to access trademark protection due to costs and administrative complexity. The article also proposes the need for reforms in the registration and enforcement systems to create a more inclusive and fair business environment. By analyzing various recent studies and references, this research provides insights into how trademark protection can affect competitive conditions and business strategies in Indonesia.
Implementasi Material Berkelanjutan pada Interior Gedung Bina Graha Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan (KLHK) di Jakarta Selatan)
Authors: Harahap Rachmita Maun , Lelo Lelo , Basyiroh Anis Ainissyifa Wardatul
Published: February 2025

Gedung Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan (KLHK) memainkan peran penting dalam menjalankan kebijakan dan program lingkungan habitat dan kehutanan nasional. Ini terjadi di tengah ketidakpastian lingkungan terkait pemanfaatan material berkelanjutan dan peningkatan perhatian terhadap keberlanjutan. Namun demikian, hasil observasi dan wawancara menunjukkan bahwa bahan-bahan internal yang bermasalah tidak sesuai dengan pendekatan lingkungan yang direncanakan oleh KLHK. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari persyaratan material ekologis yang tepat untuk interior gedung KLHK, membantu mewujudkan interior yang berkelanjutan dengan menggunakan material ekologis, dan meningkatkan pengetahuan dan pemahaman desainer interior dan pemangku kepentingan lainnya tentang material lingkungan. Penelitian ini dilakukan melalui pendekatan kualitatif dan fenomenologi. Fokus pengumpulan data adalah pendapat desainer tentang desain yang ramah lingkungan. Penelitian ini hanya fokus pada penggunaan material interior yang berkelanjutan tanpa perubahan struktur yang signifikan serta menganalisis faktor-faktor teknis, ekonomi, dan estetika yang perlu dipertimbangkan saat memilih material ekologis untuk interior. Selain itu, penelitian ini memberikan panduan praktis tentang cara menggunakan material ekologis untuk mengurangi dampak lingkungan, menciptakan lingkungan interior yang lebih ramah lingkungan, menghemat energi, dan meningkatkan kualitas ruang. Selain itu, penelitian ini memiliki potensi untuk meningkatkan kesadaran dan pemahaman masyarakat tentang material ekologis.
 
Kata Kunci: berkelanjutan, ekologis, Gedung Bina Graha KLHK, material interior, ramah lingkungan
INTERNATIONAL LEGAL FRAMEWORK OF UNHCR ACTIVITIES: AREAS OF COMPETENCE AND INSTITUTIONAL LIMITATIONS
Authors:   National University “Odesa Academy of Law”, Hashmatulla B. , Surilova O. ,   National University “Odesa Academy of Law”
Published: February 2025

The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees is one of the key and most important international bodies that provides protection to persons who have been forced to flee their countries due to persecution on various grounds, armed conflicts, or other threats. The activities of this body are based on the provisions of international law, in particular, the 1951 Convention relating to the Status of Refugees, the 1967 Protocol, the Charter of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees and numerous resolutions of the UN General Assembly.
The article provides a legal analysis of the competence of the aforementioned organisation, its international legal mechanisms of influence on migration policy and its role in shaping international standards and international practice of refugee protection. Particular attention is paid to institutional limitations arising from the voluntary nature of cooperation with states, lack of law enforcement powers and obstacles to the implementation of the mandate.
The problems of interaction with national governments, international organisations and other structures are considered, and the effectiveness of activities in crisis situations is assessed. The article analyses the current challenges for the organisation, including the growth of national sovereignty as an argument for limiting cooperation and the use of international law mechanisms to strengthen its position in the field of refugee protection.
Keywords: UNHCR, international law, refugees, asylum seekers, international migration law, forced migrants, UNHCR Statute
DIALOGUE APPROACH IN PROFESSIONAL TRAINING OF A LAWYER
Authors:   Odessa State University of Internal Affairs, Baltadzhy P.
Published: February 2025

The article presents the rationale for the value of applying a dialogic approach in professional training, in particular the training of legal specialists. The relevance of changing the pedagogical paradigm regarding interaction in the educational process is analyzed. It is noted that the revision of the role of dialogue in the educational process is due to the change of generations, value orientations, the search for new forms and methods of communication, the transformation of consciousness in response to the challenges of time. The importance of the educational dialogue in the educational process of the institution of higher education is revealed, which consists in the formation of communicative competence, encouraged to interact, search for optimal solutions, exchange of ideas.
In the system of higher education, dialogue interaction is considered as one of the key components of personality-oriented learning models, which involves not only taking into account the life experience of each student, his readiness for learning, professional motivation, communication skills, but also the inclusion in the educational process, the development of both professional skills and competencies, and emotional and personal attitude to himself, his activities, the world around him.
Keywords: dialogue, dialogical approach, dialogical technologies, communicative competence, professional training, educational model
The gospel book on the throne: The codex as an image of the scripturally incarnate and reigning Christ-Logos
Authors: Wetesko Leszek
Published: February 2025

This paper explores the influence of Origen's theological thought on the symbolic facet of events at the council of Ephesus (431), during which Bishop Cyril placed the gospel book on the throne, seeing it as a token of Jesus' actual presence among the assembly. Having the saviour there in lieu of the emperor, who had traditionally presided over the deliberations of the council fathers, is also part of a quest for theological justification that would underpin the autonomy of the church and its emancipation from imperial power. The events of Ephesus, the theological idea of Christ the king as the sovereign of the universe, which took shape following the council of Nicaea (325), and the Origenist concept of the Logos incarnate in the Scriptures, had a great impact on early Christian iconography, causing hitherto unknown themes to emerge in the latter. Furthermore, both theological concepts, along with Pope Gregory the Great's reflections on the Scriptures, contributed to the presence of codices aurei being accepted by Christians in their sacred sphere. Recognising that the gospel book manifested the real presence of the Son of God prompted an evolution of the liturgical rite involving public display of the codex, with numerous elements from the imperial ceremonial incorporated into it as a result.
PENGARUH KUALITAS LAYANAN M-BANKING TERHADAP KEPUASAN NASABAH (STUDI KASUS: MAHASISWA FAKULTAS EKONOMI & BISNIS UNIVERSITAS HKBP NOMMENSEN MEDAN)
Authors: Simanjuntak Sri Damai , Nainggolan Erni Yuli Sari , Silalahi Elly Dayanti , Panjaitan Rizky Alexander , Pardosi Ririn Wantika , Hasugian Christnova , Siallagan Hamonangan
Published: February 2025

This research aims to examine the influence of mobile banking service quality on customer satisfaction. The population of this study consists of 1.778 students from the Faculty of Economics and Business, HKBP Nommensen University. The sampling technique used is Non-Probability Sampling employing simple random sampling, resulting in a sample of 95 students. Primary data was collected through a questionnaire. A quantitative method using simple linear regression analysis was employed in this research. The research findings indicate that service quality has a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction, as evidenced by the t-value > t-table (15.190 > 1.66140) and a significance value of 0.000 < 0.10. The Coefficient of Determination (R2) is 0.683, signifying that 68.3% of Customer Satisfaction as the dependent variable (Y) is determined by Service Quality (X), while the remaining 31.7% is determined by other variables beyond those studied.
Keywords: Service quality, Customer Satisfaction, Mobile banking
PERAN BANK INDONESIA TERHADAP PELAKSAANAN KLIRING DALAM EFEKTIVITAS SISTEM PEMBAYARAN ANTAR BANK
Authors: Hutagalung Piana Winsky , Damanik Hotraniati , Br Tohang Uli Nurhaida , Siallagan Hamonangan , Hasugian Chrisnova
Published: February 2025

This Scientific work the role of Bank Indonesia in the implementation of clearing and the effectiveness of interbank payment systems. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, this research aims to identify and analyze how Bank Indonesia contributes to enhancing customer trust in the payment system. The study also explores the procedures for clearing organized by Bank Indonesia and the effectiveness of the policies implemented. Through literature review and document analysis, this paper concludes that the strategic role of Bank Indonesia is crucial in maintaining the stability of the payment system, and it provides recommendations for better monetary policy development in the future. It is hoped that the findings of this research can provide in-depth insights for policymakers and practitioners in the banking sector.
PENGARUH MODAL KERJA TERHADAP PENJUALAN DAN PROFITABILITAS PADA PERUSAHAAN SUB SEKTOR SEMEN YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA (BEI) TAHUN 2018-2023
Authors: Ferayani Made Dwi , Parwati Ni Ketut
Published: February 2025

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of working capital on sales and profitability. This research uses a quantitative approach. The population in this study were cement sub-sector companies listed on the IDX in 2018-2023. The sampling method in this study used a type of non-probability sampling with purposive sampling technique. The data collection technique in this study used documentation techniques and literature studies. The data analysis technique in this study uses the classical assumption test, simple linear regression analysis test, hypothesis testing (t test) and the coefficient of determination. The results of this study indicate that, 1) partially the working capital variable (X) has an effect on sales (Y1). Where the t value obtained is 6,123 with a significant value (sig) of 0,000 < 0,05 with a percentage contribution of 38,1% while the remaining 61,9% is influenced by other variables not included in this study. 2) partially the working capital variable (X) has an effect on profitability (operating profit) (Y2). Where the t value obtained is 6,183 with a significant value (sig) of 0,000 < 0,05 with a percentage contribution of 38,5% while the remaining 61,5% is influenced by other variables not included in this study.
ANALISIS RASIO PROFITABILITAS SEBAGAI ALAT UKUR UNTUK MENILAI KINERJA KEUANGAN PT. UNITED TRACTORS Tbk DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA
Authors: Murnawati Murnawati , Erti Lili , Tasril Tasril
Published: February 2025

The increasingly rapid development of the business world in Indonesia has made this country a destination for local and foreign investors, changes in the business environment are also quite an attractive factor for investors, PT United Tractors Tbk is a construction business unit, and carries out its role as a leading heavy equipment distributor and largest in Indonesia, the aim of the research is to determine the profitability ratio, the profitability ratio is to determine the company's ability to generate profits in a certain period. The policy carried out is to assess the profitability ratio which consists of Gross Profit Margin (GPM) Net Profit Margin (NPM) and Return On Assets (ROA), Return On Equity (ROE). from 2018-2023 This research uses a descriptive method using secondary data. The results of the research are seen from the Profitability ratios, Gross Profit Margin, Net Profit Margin, Return On Assets, with the results in the good category, because they are above industry standards, while for the Return On ratio Equity calculation results in the category are not good because they are below industry standards,
 
 
Keywords: Profitability,GPM, NPM, ROA, ROE Financial Performance
PENGARUH GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN TRANSFORMASIONAL DAN DISIPLIN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN PADA PT. IKHTIAR RIAU JAYA RAYA PERANAP
Authors: Sinaga Rodiuta Tuditado , Andri Seno
Published: February 2025

This research aims to analyze the influence of transformational leadership style (X1), Work Discipline (X2), on Employee Performance (Y) at PT. Riau Jaya Raya's endeavor. This research uses quantitative methods by distributing questionnaires to 32 employees. The data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression analysis using SPSS version 25. Based on the results of the partial analysis, Transformational Leadership Style has a positive effect on Employee Performance, this is because the t-count obtained is greater than the t-table value (3.006>1.310). Work Discipline has a positive effect on Employee Performance, this is because the t-count obtained is greater than the t-table (4.509>1.310). Meanwhile, the F test shows that there is a simultaneous relationship between variables X and Y because the F-calculated value is greater than the F-table (12,600>3.33).
 
Keywords: Transformational Leadership Style, Work Discipline, Employee Performance
PENGARUH ANGGOTA DEWAN DIREKSI PEREMPUAN DAN PERUSAHAAN KELUARGA DALAM MENINGKATKAN KINERJA PERUSAHAAN
Authors: Nasution Nurmala Sari , Putri Endah Arianti , Suseno Giri
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini mengkaji pengaruh kepemilikan keluarga dan keberadaan anggota wanita di dewan direksi terhadap kinerja keuangan perusahaan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia selama periode 2019-2021. Menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan data panel unbalance, penelitian ini menganalisis 1.287 perusahaan menggunakan regresi linier. Variabel yang diukur meliputi kepemilikan keluarga dan persentase wanita di dewan direksi dengan kinerja keuangan diukur melalui Return on Assets (ROA), sedangkan variabel kontrol yaitu usia perusahaan (firm age), dan ukuran perusahaan (firm size). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perusahaan keluarga cenderung memiliki kinerja keuangan yang lebih baik, yang mungkin dikaitkan dengan pengelolaan yang berorientasi jangka panjang dan kebijakan pengambilan risiko yang konservatif. Selain itu, keberadaan anggota wanita di dewan direksi berhubungan positif dengan peningkatan ROA, menegaskan bahwa keragaman gender di dewan tidak hanya mendukung kesetaraan tetapi juga meningkatkan efektivitas pengambilan keputusan dan kinerja keuangan. Penelitian ini memberikan wawasan penting mengenai dinamika tata kelola perusahaan di Indonesia, menyarankan perlunya kebijakan yang mendukung inklusi gender dan mempertahankan orientasi strategis jangka panjang dalam kepemilikan keluarga
ETIKA DAN INTEGRITAS MANAJEMEN KEPEMIMPINAN BERDASARKAN NORMA PANCASILA
Authors: Devra Desi Devrika
Published: February 2025

Leadership that promotes ethics and integrity is the key to success in running an organization, especially in the midst of various modern challenges such as globalization and technological change. In Indonesia, the values of Pancasila are a relevant moral guide for creating dignified and effective leadership. This article discusses the application of Pancasila in leadership, focusing on how principles such as Divinity, Humanity, Unity, Deliberation, and Social Justice can shape a leadership style that is responsible, fair, and in favor of the common good.Through analysis of various sources such as literature, organizational reports, and case studies, this research shows that Pancasila values have an important role in strengthening organizational trust, resolving conflicts fairly, and creating inclusive decision-making processes. For example, the Second Precept encourages leaders to respect human rights, while the Fourth Precept supports a collective approach in every decision taken.However, implementing these values is not without obstacles. Some of the challenges faced include a hierarchical organizational culture, lack of education on Pancasila values, and the influence of global norms that sometimes do not fit the local context. To overcome this, a strategy is needed that includes comprehensive education of Pancasila values, the establishment of a transparent work culture, and regulations that support the application of local norms in management.By making Pancasila the basis of leadership, organizations in Indonesia are not only able to better face global challenges, but also strengthen the nation's cultural values in daily leadership practices.
Analysis of irrigated crops by remote sensing using the NDVI spectral index
Authors:   Federal state budgetary scientific institution «All-Russian scientific research Institute «Raduga», Kolomna, Russia, Zverkov Mikhail Sergeevich , Smelova Svetlana Stanislavovna
Published: February 2025

The purpose of the study was to analyze the status of the late-ripening irrigated potato crop Solanum tuberosum L. late planting dates on the dynamics of the NDVI index during the growing season. Data from the Sentinel-2 satellite of the European Space Agency and the orthophotomap of the site created by the authors of this article are used. As a result of the analysis, it was established that the NDVI and NDMI distribution functions are similar. The median NDVI in the phenological phase of flowering was 0.765 ± 0.022 (coefficient of variation 0.109). Statistically significant (statistical significance level p < 0.05) are the differences in NDMI of irrigated and non-irrigated areas (the relationship is weak, correlation coefficients 0.09... 0.38), which is also typical for NDVI (0.25... 0.54). The correlation between in-season NDMI and NDVI data series is characterized as moderate and sporadically weak for individual dates. At the same time, a positive correlation is observed for sampling the NDMI and NDVI series of irrigated (0.18... 0.84) and non-irrigated (0.35... 0.83) areas.
The analysis of the reclamation state of the irrigation systems of the Saratov region
Authors:   Federal state budgetary scientific institution «All-Russian scientific research Institute «Raduga», Kolomna, Russia, Mazurova Irina Sergeevna
Published: February 2025

The purpose of this work was a retrospective analysis of the reclamation state of irrigation systems of federal ownership in the Volga Federal District of the Russian Federation on the exam-ple of the Saratov region according to the information monitoring system. It is noted that at present, the agricultural sector faces serious challenges to the transition to sustainable agriculture against the background of deteriorating soil fertility indicators and a decrease in production productivity. Therefore, the assessment of land reclamation is an urgent task. In 2023, compared to 2020, there is an increase of 4% in the area of irrigation systems associated with the reconstruction of reclamation facilities. However, the gradual introduction of land does not improve the overall reclamation state of agricultural land in the region. As a result of a ret-rospective analysis, it was established that in general for the period 2020-2023. in the territory of the Saratov region, there were no significant changes in the reclamation state of the land. This means that the threat of worsening land reclamation remains. The near depth of the groundwater is not typical for the region. Despite the fact that soil salinity is not a large-scale problem in the region, their share in the total land fund is 6.5%. However, there are more solo-netzic soils, they make up 17% of all reclaimed land.
The influence of the bridge unit parameters on increasing the environmental friendliness of irrigation and reducing the degradation effect on the soil
Authors:   Federal state budgetary scientific institution «All-Russian scientific research Institute «Raduga», Kolomna, Russia, Mishchenko Nikolay Andreevich
Published: February 2025

ПNomogram is proposed, which makes it possible to determine value of bearing capacity of irrigated surface on the basis of established irrigation mode, selected parameters of water supply pipeline of machine and schemes of sprinklers arrangement. The purpose of the study was to theoretically justify environmentally friendly operating modes of the bridge unit. The considered operating conditions make it possible to increase the irrigation rate before runoff and reduce the surface runoff from 25 to 5%. At the same time, the value of the bearing capacity of the soil under the last spans of the sprinkler on low-loamy soils increases from 40 to 60 kPa (by 50%), on medium-loamy soils – from 107 to 130 kPa (by 21.7%) and on clay soils – from 170 to 190 kPa (11.7%).
The equations of change in the content of main ions from the mineralization value of the hydroposts of the lower reaches of the Amu Darya River, canals and local small lakes
Authors:   Scientific research Institute of irrigation and water problems, Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan, Balliev Azhiniyaz Ibragimovich , CHembarisov Elmir Ismailovich
Published: February 2025

It is noted that the drying of the Aral Sea has become a large-scale man-made environmen-tal and humanitarian disaster. This disaster led to a regional environmental crisis and serious consequences for ecosystem services, including water use. This requires the development of effective mechanisms for regulating water use and water consumption. The study used data from chemical analysis of the water of the lower reaches of the Amu Darya River, main reservoirs, and small local lakes in the Republic of Karakalpakstan for 2022–2023. and an earlier retrospective period. The research objective consisted in the analysis of the chemical composition of a surface water of the Republic of Karakalpakstan and a conclusion of empirical dependences for assessment of maintenance of the main ions (HCO₃–, Cl–, SO₄–², Са²⁺, Mg²⁺, Na⁺) depending on mineralization size. Analysis of the chemical composition of river water showed that when river water moves from the upper to the lower reaches, the predominant chemical composition changes from hydrocarbonate-sulfate-calcium-sodium to chloride-sulfate-magnesium-calcium-sodium. The obtained equations have a close relationship with the initial data (coefficients of determination R² = 0,80…0,94).
Mapping of the territory by the LS erosion factor using a geoinformation system and a digital terrain model
Authors:   Federal state budgetary scientific institution «All-Russian scientific research Institute «Raduga», Kolomna, Russia, Zverkov Mikhail Sergeevich
Published: February 2025

It is noted that the problem of protecting soils from erosion is becoming more and more urgent every year. This is due, firstly, to the awareness of the outstanding role of soil in the life of the biosphere, and secondly, it is due to the fact that the soil cover is now in critical condition. Soil erosion has become one of the most significant environmental problems in the world. Quantitative assessment of erosion parameters is an important scientific and practical task. The article examines an example of mapping the territory by the LS-factor of erosion using a geographic information system and a digital relief model. The total LS-factor range was 0...118. The highest specific gravity (73.3%) is LS = 1 (in the territory of 126691.58 hectares with an average area of a single plot of 43.61 ± 8.44 hec-tares). It is noted that not only large changes in the shape of the relief, but also small ones have an impact on the nature of erosion. This feature is manifested in the fact that in some areas there is a flush, and in others – the accumulation of soil erosion products. This explains the characteristic fluctuation of the LS-factor on the map.
EVALUATING THE IMPACT OF SMOKING ON THE PREVALENCE OF AGERELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION: A STUDY IN THE KASHMIRI POPULATION
Authors: Ul Islam Shaiq , Khan Afroz
Published: February 2025

Background: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of vision loss in older adults globally. Smoking has been identified as a
significant modifiable risk factor contributing to the onset and progression of AMD. However, limited region-specific studies have explored this
association in populations with unique genetic and environmental characteristics, such as the Kashmiri population. Objective: The present study
aims to evaluate the impact of smoking on the prevalence and severity of AMD among the Kashmiri population. Methods: A cross-sectional study
was conducted involving individuals aged 50 years and above residing in the Kashmir region. Participants were categorized into smokers and nonsmokers based on their smoking history. Clinical diagnosis of AMD was performed through comprehensive eye examinations, fundus
photography, and Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT), with AMD graded according to the AREDS classification. Statistical analysis was
performed to assess the association between smoking and AMD prevalence. Results: The findings revealed a significantly higher prevalence of
AMD among smokers compared to non-smokers (p < 0.05). A dose-response relationship was observed, with increased pack-years of smoking
correlating with greater AMD severity. Subgroup analysis indicated a higher prevalence of AMD in male smokers. Conclusion: Smoking
significantly increases the risk and severity of AMD in the Kashmiri population. These findings highlight the need for targeted smoking cessation
programs and awareness campaigns to mitigate AMD-related vision loss in this region.
STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF SILDENAFIL CITRATE AND LETROZOLE ON ENDOMETRIAL THICKNESS IN INFERTILITY PATIENTS IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN EASTERN INDIA
Authors: Venugopal Sini , Prasad Anju , Rao K Mohini , Behera Rabindra Nath
Published: February 2025

Background: Sildenafil is responsible for vascular smooth muscle relaxation and increased blood flow to the endometrium. This results in better
endometrial thickness and receptivity and improvement in implantation of the embryos. Objective: Evaluation of the efficacy of vaginal sildenafil
on the endometrial thickness and pregnancy outcomes in letrozole induced ovulation induction cycles. Materials And Methods: 102 infertile
women were included in this prospective study. The women were allocated to two groups – Group A and Group B. Letrozole was used to induce
ovulation in all these 102 women. Vaginal sildenafil twice daily was added to women of Group B from Day-8 of menstrual cycle till the day of hCG
trigger. All women underwent follicular monitoring on Day-12 of menstrual cycle. If the follicle size was not adequate, then a repeat follicle scan
was done after 2 days. Injection urinary hCG 5,000 IU IM was given as trigger. A timed intercourse was advised. On Day-30, a urine β-hCG was
done to identify a positive pregnancy. Result: The mean endometrial thickness on the day of hCG trigger in women of Group B, i.e women who
received sildenafil was 9.8 mm compared to 8.4 mm in Group A , i.e women without sildenafil. Pregnancy rate in women who received sildenafil
was 62.7% , compared to 49.01% in women who did not receive sildenafil. Conclusion: Use of vaginal sildenafil in women undergoing letrozole
induced ovulation induction cycles helps in improving endometrial thickness and pregnancy rates .