bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nigerian Press Coverage of Hate Speeches in the Daily Trust, The Nation and The Guardian Newspapers
Authors: Eric Msughter Aondover
Published: January 2023

In Nigeria, as well as in modern democratic nations, the press has always functioned as a tool for disseminating information on public affairs, interpreting government policies and programs, and providing a good platform to engage the citizens for discussion on issues affecting society. The media play a powerful role as intermediaries between political leaders and the public. The variables of frequency, location, direction, and journalistic genre were used in the study. Within this context, the study adopts content analysis. The study employs Lazarsfeld and Katz’s Two-Step Flow and Castells’ Theory of Network Society as theoretical framework. The study uses stratified sampling by days of the week and coding sheet as a method of data collection. The study found that the manifestation of hate speech was frequent in the 2015 general election. The study also found that the manifestation of hate speech had an overbearing on political news by the selected newspapers in the 2015 general election in Nigeria. The study concludes that such publications (hate speech) tend to make electorates have a different connotation to a candidate.
The Physiological Effect of Excessive Indulgence: Its Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prognosis
Authors: Pramanik Anilendu , Mondal Sayan
Published: January 2023

Too much of anything is bad for health. In recent years we have been familiar with “Binge”. It may be in the case of eating, drinking, or watching movies. Generation Z is very much affected by this way of living. This habit comes from indulgence. These indulgences come mainly from heredity factors, psychological conditions, dieting, peer pressure, etc. Studies show that some important features can be shared, including personality and emotional features such as neuroticism and urgency. Excessive indulgence can lead to physical and mental breakdowns. Interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) is an effective specialty treatment for different disorders that leads to a healthy life. A continuous effort to identify the consequences of binge behaviours will also aid the development of the research field. We have to build a society free from excessive indulgence.
Multiple Myeloma in the Era of Novel Agents and Stem Cell Therapies
Authors: Ahmed Al-Anazi Khalid
Published: January 2023

The recent availability of several lines of novel therapeutic agents such as immunomodulatory agents, proteasome inhibitors, and monoclonal antibodies; the widespread utilization of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; the use of advanced diagnostic techniques that allow risk stratification and monitoring of treatment responses; and the general improvement in health care have revolutionized treatment of patients with multiple myeloma and this has translated into significant improvements in survival outcomes. Monitoring of minimal residual disease can guide the intensity of treatment, and the efficient application of modern diagnostic tools in monitoring treatment responses in real-world clinical practice can hopefully be achieved in the near future. The recent use of quadruplet regimens in the treatment of patients with multiple myeloma has translated into unprecedented treatment responses and survival outcomes. Also, chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy and bispecific antibodies represent a new dimension in the precision medicine in MM. Additionally, our ability to induce deep responses has improved, and the treatment goal in myeloma patients tolerating the recommended therapy has moved from delay of disease progression to induction of the deepest possible response.
Creative Writing in Higher Education: A Literature Review of the Marketplace Relationship
Authors: Taylor Suchy Susan
Published: January 2023

Radical changes in digital technology represent a challenge to the marketplace-resistant discipline of creative writing. Prior to any research being conducted on this issue, one needs to obtain a solid understanding of the issues of those working, studying and teaching in the field. This literature review works within specific parameters to examine the relationship of creative writing in higher education to the marketplace as described in the current scholarship in the field. Although there have been no other studies on this subject, a significant body of research exists on the pedagogy and practices of the creative writer and creative writing in higher education. This examination considers stakeholders’ views, experiences, teaching goals and marketplace theories, along with some empirical investigations. The review draws from Australian, UK and US experiences and practices.
Ultraviolet Radiation and Its Effects on Plants
Authors: del Socorro Sánchez Correa María , el Rocío Reyero Saavedra María , Antonio Estrella Parra Edgar , Nolasco Ontiveros Erick , del Carmen Benítez Flores José , Gerardo Ortiz Montiel Juan , Eduardo Campos Contreras Jorge , López Urrutia Eduardo , Guillermo Ávila Acevedo José , Edith Jiménez Nopala Gladys , Montserrat Espinosa González Adriana
Published: January 2023

Ultraviolet radiation is a portion of the electromagnetic spectrum ranging from 10 to 400 nm, classified into three main categories: UV-A (320–400 nm), UV-B (280–320 nm), and UV-C (100–280 nm). The UV radiation from the sun that crosses the atmosphere and reaches the earth’s surface is composed largely of UV-A radiation (95%) and, to a lesser extent, UV-B (5%), which is normally filtered by stratospheric ozone. With the thinning of the ozone layer, UV-B radiation penetrates deeper into the earth’s surface, where it becomes dangerous due to its high energy content that acts at the molecular level, affecting the cycles of carbon, nitrogen, and other elements, thus, having a direct impact on global warming. On the other hand, UV radiation alters numerous essential organic compounds for living organisms. Since its discovery, it has been established that e UV-B causes alterations in plant development and metabolism, both primary and secondary. In this chapter, we summarize the current knowledge about the effects of UV radiation on the morphological, biochemical, and genetic processes in plants.
Cardiac Amyloidosis
Authors: Vicenty-Rivera Sonia , Bonilla-Mercado Ingrid
Published: January 2023

Cardiac amyloidosis is a protein-folding disorder mostly caused by abnormal deposition of either transthyretin proteins or light chain (AL) proteins, into one or more organs, including the heart. The main cardiac manifestations are right ventricular heart failure and arrhythmias. Extracardiac symptoms usually precede cardiac symptoms and are evident several years before the development of symptomatic cardiac problems. The prognosis is poor without appropriate management. Non-invasive evaluation with multi-imaging modalities has allowed earlier diagnosis, particularly when used in combination with monoclonal gammopathy evaluation. Management will vary depending on the subtype of amyloidosis. It consists of supportive treatment of cardiac-related symptoms, pharmacological treatment that targets amyloid fibrils formation and deposition, thus attacking the underlying disease, and addressing the management of extracardiac symptoms to improve the patients’ quality of life.
Clinical and Phonetic Features of Dentognathic Deformations, Their Orthodontic Treatment
Authors: Melnyk Alona , Filonenko Valerii
Published: January 2023

The substantiation of the current task of modern dentistry is presented, which consists of increasing the effectiveness of the treatment of dentognathic deformations accompanied by phonetic disorders through a multidisciplinary approach to the development and application of a complex of diagnostic and therapeutic measures based on the determined and clarified etiopathogenetic connections of dentognathic deformations with phonetic disorders, and causal mechanisms of the development of dentognathic deformations in cleft lip and palate and the importance of anatomic and morphometric characteristics of the tongue as a prognostic indicator of an effective orthodontic treatment as well are substantiated.
Floating Men: Xu Zechen’s Migrants
Authors: Hunt Pamela
Published: January 2023

This chapter discusses Xu Zechen’s so-called ‘Drifting through the Capital’ series of short stories, which describe the lives of migrant workers in Beijing. The chapter focuses on three in particular: ‘Ah, Beijing’, ‘Running through Zhongguancun, and ‘Xi Xia’. It explores how Xu’s interest in the theme of mobility, and especially the motif of floating, connects to the different models of masculinity that men might emulate in the city, from the haohan heroes that roamed the jianghu to the more recent ideal of the responsible breadwinner. Travel and floating is reserved for men alone, while women are confined to domestic spaces. Xu’s tales of migrant life therefore show how marginalized men can remain complicit with hegemonic concepts of gender, mobility, and agency.
The Origin and Evolution of the Dialect Word yá 伢‎ ‘Child’
Authors: Zhìjiā Ní
Published: January 2023

The word yá伢 for ‘child’ is found in many Chinese dialects. Etymologically the word is derived from the Northern Sòng (960-1127) dynasty word yá’ér 牙儿 ‘infant’. Later this etymon evolved to mean ‘child’, which the single syllable yá alone could also denote, and yá came to be written with a newer graph yá伢. During the Northern Sòng, yá’ér was probably a word common to the Mandarin koine and its use was widely distributed in central China as well as the middle-lower Yangtze River watershed. Following the Jìngkāng exodus (Jìngkāng zhī nàn 靖康之難), it diffused to the south, while almost disappearing from central China. After the Sòng dynasty, yá’ér fell out of use in the Mandarin koine, but in this chapter NÍ Zhìjiā finds that a diversity of words derived from it were preserved in dialects of the middle-lower Yangtze River watershed, even to the present day.
Norms in Conflict
Authors: Rüland Anchalee
Published: January 2023

The people of Myanmar were struck by three major human rights disasters during the country's period of democratization from 2003 to 2012: the 2007 Saffron Revolution, the aftermath of Cyclone Nargis in 2008, and the 2012 Rakhine riots, which would evolve into the ongoing Rohingya crisis. These events saw Myanmar's government categorically labeled as an offender of human rights, and three powerful Southeast Asian member states—Indonesia, Thailand, and Malaysia—responded to the violations in very different ways. In each case, their responses to the crises were explicitly shaped by norm conflict, which may be understood as a tension between international and domestic norms. Their reactions were compelled by a need to address conflicting domestic and international expectations for norm compliance regarding human rights protection and non-interference in internal affairs. In Norms in Conflict: Southeast Asia's Response to Human Rights Violations in Myanmar, Anchalee Rüland makes sense of state action that occurs when a governing body is faced with a circumstance that is at once in line with and contrary to its own governing policies. She defines five different types of response strategies to situations of norm conflict and examines the enabling factors that lead to each strategy. Domestic norms are known to evolve as a country's values change over time yet Rüland argues that the old and new norms may also coexist; knowledge of the underlying political context is crucial for those seeking a solid understanding of state behavior. Norms in Conflict challenges the conventional understanding of the logic of consequences in determining state behavior, advancing constructivist theory and establishing a provocative new conversation in i nternational relations discourse.
Conclusion
Authors: Rüland Anchalee
Published: January 2023

This Chapter revisits the overall research objectives of this book and reviews the findings of the case studies in light of the expectations set out by the theoretical framework. The chapter provides suggestions for further research to increase the generalizability of the findings and points out how the study of norm conflict can enliven and advance the research agenda of scholars focusing on norms and how normative change takes place. The research from Southeast Asia suggests that the outcome of norm conflict will not necessarily be full-fledged norm replacement. Instead, subtler normative adjustments are often made which allow for both norms to remain part of a state’s normative environment and the broader complex of norms at the regional and international levels. Such a nuanced understanding of normative change more easily explains why ‘good’ norms not only progress but also regress – sometimes within astonishingly brief periods of time, as vividly displayed in Southeast Asia.
Kentucky Antebellum African American Church Building
Authors: Turley Alicestyne
Published: January 2023

Examines the historic beginning of black Kentucky churches and religious affiliations the Second Great Awakening spread to Kentucky. This historic revival took root in the Kentucky Barrens in 1797 and spread to one of the nation's largest revivals at Cane Ridge, Bourbon County, Kentucky in 1801. In addition to development of an improved and more strident antislavery message, the Second Great Awakening gave birth to the American Christian Church movement.
Our Wounded Warriors
Authors: Martin Travis L.
Published: January 2023

Chapter Three examines a "wounded warrior" stereotype that treats post-9/11 veterans as members of a victim class. Eva Illouz's commentary on America's "therapeutic culture" is used to explore how veterans gain cultural capital through embracing narratives of veteran identity centered on trauma. Likewise, Judith Butler's work is used to explain how veterans lose their rights to self-definition by conforming to those narratives. "Wounded warriors" remain silent because their wounds often do not fit neatly into popular conceptions of veteran woundedness. The chapter traces the evolution of the "wounded warrior" stereotype, first in a close reading of Stephen Crane's The Red Badge of Courage (1895), then in examples of denigration experienced by veterans of the First World War who were afflicted with shell shock, and later in a narrative structure that makes trauma central to the identity of the protagonist in Kevin Powers' Iraq War novel, The Yellow Birds (2012). Veterans have the power to challenge deficit-based narratives, but like their "hero" counterparts, "wounded warriors" face ongoing pressure to remain silent and conform to stereotypes. This chapter argues that traumas experienced in uniform are not always central to veteran identity, and veteran testimony is not always psychologically damaging.
Using Community-Based Participatory Research to Address Indigenous Health
Authors: Held Suzanne , McCormick Alma Knows His Gun , Simonds Vanessa , Braun Kathryn L. , Burhansstipanov Linda , Haozous Emily , Rangel Valerie , Chung-Do Jane J. , Ho-Lastimosa Ilima , Novotny Rachel , Revilla Marie Kainoa Fialkowski
Published: January 2023

This chapter introduces the concepts of participatory action research and community-based participatory research (CBPR) and reviews nine CBPR principles recommended when engaging American Indian, Alaska Native, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander communities in research. Messengers for Health, a long-running CBPR study among the Apsáalooke (Crow) Nation in Montana, is described in detail to illustrate the nine CBPR principles. Four other successful CBPR projects are described in less detail, including the 2017 Santa Fe Indian Center Health Impact Assessment, Guardians of the Living Water (a project to improve water quality in tribal areas of Montana), the MALAMA Aquaponics Study with Native Hawaiian Families, and the Children's Healthy Living Project for Remote Underserved Populations in the Pacific Region.
Cancer Patient Navigation Community Engagement Programs
Authors: Braun Kathryn L. , Burhansstipanov Linda
Published: January 2023

Cancer Patient Navigators are individuals trained to help people through the full continuum of cancer care—from providing cancer information, to helping people access cancer screening, helping individuals with positive screens get a definitive diagnosis, and helping those with cancer through cancer treatment, survivorship, and end-of-life. This chapter provides information about cancer patient navigation and shares examples of three community-engaged cancer navigation programs. The first example is from an American Indian navigation collaborative that served tribes in Colorado, Michigan, South Dakota, and Oklahoma. The other two example are from Hawai'i, highlighting a screening navigation program primarily targeting Native Hawaiians and Filipinos on the island of Moloka'i and a navigation program in Honolulu to increase breast cancer screening among Pacific Islanders.
Potential Benefits of Aloe vera and Raphanus sativus var. longipinnatus Gel for Prevention of Radiation-Induced Dermatitis in Head and Neck Cancer Patients
Authors: Widjaja Sry Suryani , Sumantri Imam Bagus , Rusdiana Rusdiana , Yo Hendri , Jamnasi Juli , Yo Rudi , Kho Hendrik , Jayalie Vito Filbert , Silalahi Montesque , Siregar Fauzie
Published: January 2023

Background: The main therapy for head and neck cancer is radiation, and one of the toxic effects of radiation is radiation dermatitis. Aloe vera is a species of succulent plant of the genus Aloe, widely used in cosmetic and skin care products, as well as daikon (Raphanus sativus var. longipinnatus), which is high in antioxidants. Objectives: The present study aims to evaluate the potential benefits of Aloe vera and daikon gel combination in head and neck cancer patients to prevent radiation-induced dermatitis. Methods: A cohort study was conducted with eligible subjects, all head and neck cancer patients receiving radiation therapy selected in consecutive sampling. Samples were divided into two groups; either received Aloe vera and daikon combination gel (study group) or baby oil (control induced dermatitis (RID) were observed. Results: A total of 44 patients were grouped into intervention (Aloe vera-daikon gel) and control (baby oil) groups. After ten radiotherapies (RT) sessions, the intervention group had a lower percentage of grade 1 RID (35% vs. 91.7%, control: 65% grade 2 RID, P < 0.001). After 20 RT sessions, 40% had no dermatitis, while all patients had RID in the control group (P = 0.061). After 30 RT sessions, the intervention group had a lower RID grade overall (gr 0: 5%, gr 1: 85%, gr 2: 10%) compared to the control group (gr 1: 33.3%, gr 2: 54.3%, gr 3: 8.3%, P = 0.002). After 35 RT sessions, the intervention group also had a lower RID grade overall (gr 0: 5%, gr 1: 65%, gr 2: 20%, gr 3: 10%) compared to the control group (gr 1: 8.3%, gr 2: 37.5%, gr 3: 45.8%, gr 4: 8.3%, P < 0.001). Conclusions: The combination of Aloe vera and daikon gel showed promising results in reducing the severity of radiation-induced dermatitis for head and neck cancer patients.
Effects of Vincamine on Testicular Dysfunction in Alloxan-induced Diabetic Male Rats
Authors: Parlar Köprülü Rabia Edibe , Okur Mehmet Evren , Kolbaşi Bircan , Keskin İlknur , Ozbek Hanefi
Published: January 2023

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is frequently linked with problems of several organ systems, including retinopathy, neuropathy, and nephropathy. Additionally, patients have changes in sexual functioning, such as decreased libido and fertility. Vincamine, a monoterpenoid indole alkaloid, has hypoglycemic and antioxidant effects. Objectives: This research assessed the impact of vincamine on testicular dysfunction in alloxan-induced male rats by measuring fasting blood glucose, oxidative stress, seminal analysis, and histological examination of the testis. Methods: Wister-albino male rats were randomized into the following groups at random: Untreated-healthy, untreated-DM, vincamine-treated (20 mg/kg) DM, vincamine-treated (40 mg/kg) DM, and clomiphene-treated DM (5 mg/kg). On day 14, rats were sacrificed, and semen/blood samples were collected. Sperm count, motility, and morphological abnormalities were noted by microscopic examination. The testis was examined histopathologically and assessed using Johnsen’s score. Results: Compared with the untreated diabetic group, a dosage of 40 mg/kg vincamine generate a significant reduction in fasting blood sugar (FBG). Compared with the untreated diabetic group, the vincamine-treated rats produced greater plasma testosterone levels and Johnsen scores. In the vincamine 20 mg/kg group, sperm concentration was higher than in the vincamine 40 mg/kg group. Conclusions: It is possible that vincamine has a potential preventive effect against diabetes-related reproductive problems attributable to its antioxidant activity and capacity to restore testicular steroidogenesis.
Residual Gallbladder Stones After Cholecystectomy: A Case Report
Authors: Hashempour Mohammadreza , Bagheri Fatemehzahra , Baniaqeel Maryam , Azarmehr Tayebeh , Fazel Abdalreza , Pouladkhay Fatemeh
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Cholecystectomy is one of the most common surgeries in the world. The gallbladder is removed due to acute or chronic cholecystitis, obstruction of the bile duct, or residual stones. In some cases, part of the gallbladder may remain in place for various reasons, including lack of access and visibility. Case Presentation: In this study, we introduced a 41-year-old male patient who, after subtotal laparoscopic cholecystectomy, showed residual symptoms of the gallbladder and underwent laparoscopic surgery to remove the remnants. Conclusions: Performing subtotal cholecystectomy surgery involves a lot of complications and costs due to the possibility of recurrence and the need for re-surgery, which should be minimized.
Orúnmìliàn Film-Philosophy
Authors: Bello Saheed ,   Society for the Philosophic Study of the Contemporary Visual Arts
Published: January 2023

This article discusses a relationship between the philosophical praxis of Ọ̀rúnmìlà and aesthetics of Èjìgbèdè Ẹ̀kú (i.e., the costume of the living and the costume of the dead) in Saworoidẹ (dir. Túndé Kèlání’s, 1999). I construct the Yorùbá/Ọ̀rúnmìlà philosophical method of Èjìgbèdè Ẹ̀kú in the contemporary Nigerian narrative film as case study of how contemporary African filmmakers, like their oral artiste counterparts, continue to articulate their inherited traditions via cinematic storytelling. In doing that I draw on what I call the Ọ̀rúnmìliàn “parable of Eégún” (masquerade) to establish what I designate the philosophical/therapeutic questions of Èjìgbèdè Ẹ̀kú; and thus, argue that Èjìgbèdè Ẹ̀kú gives “presence to non-presence” so that the living/present can dialogue with the dead/past as a way of healing, re-moralizing, and/or decolonizing the living through cinematic storytelling. I conclude that Ọ̀rúnmìliàn film does not solely rekindle, and teach us, a valuable aesthetic practice of self-reflection or self-reevaluation but also decolonize and de-westernize film-philosophy
The Purpose of Cybersecurity Governance in the Digital Transformation of Public Services and Protecting the Digital Environment
Authors: Mijwil Maad , Youssef Filali  , Mohammad Aljanabi  , Mariem Bounabi  , Humam Al-Shahwani
Published: January 2023

As it tries to incorporate computer-based technology into the public services provided by businesses or organisations, the digital transformation process is currently regarded one of the most prominent topics in circulation. Establishing fundamentals and points is necessary for digital transformation, as is relying on a specific set of employee talents and actively incorporating customers in the process's evolution. Cybersecurity has become an increasingly important issue for governments and businesses worldwide, and this shift towards digital services is a top priority for all of them. Accelerating the digital transformation process and the usage of its services are the vulnerabilities to cyberspace, the advancement of technology and gadgets, and the employment of artificial intelligence in the development of current apps. In order to build cybersecurity governance that can be relied upon and is useful in accomplishing duties without hacking and tampering with data and information, it is necessary to implement simple programmes and tactics. This article emphasises the significance of cybersecurity governance in delivering secure and efficient technical means that can meet all risks and challenges and protect persons' data across all industries.
Comercio y diplomacia: el inicio de las relaciones entre España y Japón (1853-1863)
Authors: Varon Vásquez Alejandro
Published: January 2023

Con la apertura de Japón tras el triunfo de la Revolución Meijí las relaciones internacionales tomaron gran importancia y las principales potencias se apresuraron para obtener beneficiosos tratados comerciales y de asesoramiento. En este contexto, España se encontraba en una situación privilegiada para entablar relaciones diplomáticas, debido a las posesiones que la monarquía seguía manteniendo en el pacífico, oportunidad que sería desaprovechada en un primer momento. Temiendo un destino similar al del Imperio Chino, los nuevos gobernantes Meijí emprenden un proceso de modernización que, en menos de 50 años, les llevaría a derrotar a una potencia europea en una guerra (Guerra Ruso-Japonesa 1904-1905). Analizando la documentación encontrada en diversos archivos, como el Archivo Histórico Nacional, y realizando una interpretación más amplia de los hechos, en la línea metodológica empleada en los estudios de la “Historia Global”, buscaremos conocer a fondo este importante proceso, sus éxitos y fracasos, que serán vitales para las relaciones internacionales entre España y Japón.
Esta investigación pretende aportar una nueva visión de las relaciones internacionales en Asia Oriental a finales del siglo XIX, dar a conocer detalles hasta ahora desconocidos, generar nuevas preguntas que motiven a ampliar el conocimiento, en definitiva, abrir una 'nueva senda' de investigación en los estudios sobre Asia Oriental, siendo en este caso, las relaciones entre España y Japón, el área de estudio.
Drobeta Turnu Severin Heavy Water Plant: Construction
Authors:   MultiMedia SRL, Sfetcu Nicolae
Published: January 2023

The heavy water plant was established under the name of Combinatul Chimic Drobeta, by Decree 400/16.11.1979, under the Inorganic Products Industrial Center (CIPA) Râmnicu Vâlcea. The thermo-electric plant for supplying the heavy water factory with steam was decided to be located in Halânga village, three kilometers from the factory. The process water required for the factory was brought from the Danube, and the hydrogen sulphide used in the process was produced in the plant, through a specific technology, and then compressed, liquefied and stored in special tanks. The works on the heavy water factory at Drobeta Turnu Severin started in 1979, based on a derogatory HCM. The equipment for the heavy water plant was purchased through the Industrial Center for Chemical and Refinery Equipment (CIUTCR). All equipment and facilities that transported hydrogen sulphide had to meet strict quality assurance conditions.
Hubungan Kekuatan Otot Lengan terhadap Hasil Tolak Peluru Gaya Ortodoks Siswa Kelas VIII di SMP Negeri 3 Bengkulu Tengah
Authors: Aziz Aziz , Rio andi Saputra Rio andi Saputra , Syisva Nurwita Syisva Nurwita , Supriyanto Supriyanto
Published: January 2023

This study aims to determine the relationship between arm muscle strength and the results of the orthodox bullet repulsion of Grade VIII students at SMP Negeri 3 Bengkulu Tengah. This type of research is descriptive with correlational analysis by looking for relationships between variables and data collection techniques using tests and measurements. The results of this study. Based on data analysis obtained p-value (Sig) = 0.000 <α = 0.05. Based on the above results, it can be concluded that there is a significant (significant) relationship between arm muscle strength and orthodox-style bullet repulsion for grade VIII students at SMP Negeri 3 Bengkulu Tengah.
Judicial Independence and the Prevention of Atrocity Crimes in Myanmar
Authors: Aguirre Daniel
Published: January 2023

This chapter examines the role of the judiciary in the prevention of international crimes by ensuring accountability for human rights abuses at the national level. It argues that without the rule of law and an independent judiciary, a state cannot prevent international crimes. Part one explains how Myanmar’s judiciary was developed by successive authoritarian regimes to impose stability on the public rather than uphold the rule of law. It argues that judicial independence is not under threat in Myanmar because the judiciary was not designed to be impartial and independent – it is there to impose law and order, not hold authorities accountable. Part two examines the obligation to prevent atrocity crimes and argues that prevention should include implementing human rights law and requires an independent judiciary to ensure accountability before atrocity crimes or their inchoate forms are committed. It argues that there are clear warning signs that atrocities will be committed and that the international community ignored them, particularly the lack of judicial independence, while pursuing a policy of economic, political and development engagement.
The Judge Under Pressure: Fostering Objectivity by Abandoning the Myth of Dispassion
Authors: Bladini Moa , Blix Stina Bergman
Published: January 2023

The independence of the judiciary is challenged in several ways, one is the populist narrative of judges as elitist, another artificial intelligence (AI) entering into court. The traditional ideal of positivistic objectivity is underpinning these narratives albeit research has shown that emotions are necessary for an objective decision-making process as well as for legitimating criminal procedure. By scrutinising legal decision making from a sociology of emotions perspective, the authors offer a new understanding of how emotions function in court and how they can be used to safeguard judicial independence. The chapter shows the importance of the use of empathy and emotions to legitimate the judiciary by diminishing the gap between the judge and the people entering into court, and hence the specific human aspects of judging.
Informing, Intelligence, and Public Policy in Northern Ireland: Some Overlooked Negative Consequences of Deploying Informers against Political Violence
Authors: Dudai Ron , Hearty Kevin
Published: January 2023

Ron Dudai and Kevin Hearty reconstruct and challenge the narrative according to which the work of informers was of the greatest importance to the peace in Northern Ireland. By infiltrating the Irish Republican Army and the smaller Irish National Liberation Army, so the narrative goes, informers and their handlers from the Royal Ulster Constabulary Special Branch saved lives and ‘defeated’ Republican groups, leaving them no alternative but peace negotiations, ultimately contributing to the abatement of violence. The authors argue that the narrative of ‘heroification’ of informers overlooks the negative consequences of informing, which include the production of what it intended to curb, namely violence. The systematic recruitment of informers has the durable effect of sustaining opposition to peace processes, negatively impacting transitional justice efforts.
Maritime Mirrors: Marvell’s Dutch Satires
Authors: Raamsdonk Esther Van
Published: January 2023

Marvell’s satires frequently use water and its changeable characteristics to reflect, distort, swallow, or buoy up. This chapter applies a transnational approach to extend a European and polyglot reading of Marvell through his imagery of the sea, particularly during three Anglo-Dutch wars. The metaphorical potential of water was used to invert nationalist propaganda – not through simple inversion or exaggeration, but by the merging of competing tropes and symbolism, including that of Dutch writers such as Vondel and Vos. This chapter thus attempts to appreciate Marvell’s grasp of a broader cross-cultural context, through his redrawing of the contested figure of Neptune. As Marvell plays on the fluidity of meanings and disturbs easy stereotypes, he is accessing a wider European network of ideas. Marvell’s rhetoric is his own, but the mirror held up has been through many hands before.
‘Contained’ and ‘Unconstrained’: Andrew Marvell and the Signs of Sound
Authors: Prakas Tessie
Published: January 2023

This chapter focuses on the production of sound in Marvell’s poetry, particularly ‘Upon Appleton House’, and considers how Marvell endows his verse with a voice that sounds distinctly from those of his speakers – including the dominant speaker with whom we have sometimes tended to associate Marvell himself. In this the chapter offers a new approach to an important subject in Marvell scholarship – the poet’s characteristic elusiveness – by drawing on recent work in sound studies as well as early modern poetics. It argues that the poem’s voice has a substantial presence articulated in form and specifically in the device of couplet containment. In that device, the poem exercises a kind of agency that is separate from that of its speakers and that sometimes acts at their expense. Marvell positions the form of his poem as an independent entity whose power is the more remarkable because it can go unnoticed even by those who speak it into being.
Practising Flow in Marvell and Ashbery
Authors: Picciotto Joanna
Published: January 2023

John Ashbery named Marvell as one of the three poets to whom he was most attracted when he decided on his vocation in college, and Marvellian echoes resound throughout his work. This chapter argues that Marvell and Ashbery’s kinship is grounded in a shared experience of historical rupture introduced by new media, and in their efforts to welcome its derangements of individual experience. Both poets were alert to the possibilities mass media offered for the realization of traditionally Christian (though hardly exclusively Christian) virtues, and they made stylistic choices with these possibilities in mind. A just appreciation of their common strategies gives us reason to question the identification of aesthetic innovation with conceptual breakthrough, and to reconsider the role of ‘tradition’ in accounts of the English Revolution and the literature associated with it.
Contentious Migration in Dover
Authors: Gardenier Matthijs
Published: January 2023

Small boat crossings between Calais and Dover have become the object of political and media attention. From the summer of 2020 onwards, a large part of the British far-right field has been involved in mobilisations around this issue. It is possible to identify several types of actors: single-issue organisations, political organisations and video activists.The repertoire of action is similar to that of the Calais groups, mixing elements of the repertoire of classic social movements and of vigilantism. It should be noted that anti-migrant vigilantism, unlike in France, does not lead to violence but remains purely performative for social media audiences.These actors link the narrow issue of small boat crossings to broader themes such as the supposed threat posed by Islam to British society. The most radical activists connect the crossings to a civilisational peril that threatens the West with extinction. Most of the groups can be classified in a political space that overlaps with the radical right and civic nationalism, with the exception of a few actors who are simultaneously situated within the field of ethno-nationalism and within the extreme right wing.
The Origins of the Women’s Shelter Movement
Authors: Freeland Jane
Published: January 2023

This chapter examines the formation and politics of the new women's movement in West Germany from its emergence out of 1968 and the student movement to the rise of feminist domestic violence activism in the mid-1970s. It explores how the public, politicians, and the media responded to feminist critiques about women's roles and bodies. It particularly focuses on the feminist campaign to decriminalize abortion in the early 1970s. In doing so, it shows that reproductive rights activism had important consequences for later feminist projects, such as the emerging women's shelter campaign. It argues that popular anxieties surrounding feminism and the perceived gender transgressions of women activists, set the stage for the later institutionalization of domestic violence activism.
Commemorating Crisis: State, Media, and Civil Responses to the Aum Affair
Authors: Ushiyama Rin
Published: January 2023

This chapter discusses how different state and civil actors have commemorated the Aum Affair through legislation, media representations, commemorative ceremonies, and material objects. The first section details legal responses to Aum, including changes to the oversight of religious organisations, surveillance of Aum's successor organisations, state compensation to victims, and criminal trials of the perpetrators. It then discusses mass media commemoration, which has continued to reproduce the dominant narrative of Aum as a brainwashing cult. Contrasting elite responses with grassroots commemorative efforts, this chapter shows that civic actors have conducted various forms of commemoration including conducting commemorative ceremonies and events as well as self-publishing testimonies. Lastly, it argues that while media narratives about Aum are abundant, stakeholders have sought to erase material reminders of Aum as much as possible, leading to a relative scarcity of public memorial objects associated with the negative legacies of the Aum Affair.
The Influence of Physical Activities on Job Satisfaction: Mediating Role of Self-efficacy, Self-esteem and Moderating Role of Stress Management
Authors: Pham Hong Chuong , Phan Thi Thu Hien , Le Quoc Hoi , Bui Van Hung , Dang Thi Tra Giang , Tran Manh Dung
Published: January 2023

Objectives:Job satisfaction has been an essential element for the success of any organization, which has drawn the attention of several recent studies and policymakers. The aim of the current study was to investigate the impact of physical activities, self-efficacy and self-esteem on job satisfaction in manufacturing companies in Vietnam. The mediating impact of self-efficacy and self-esteem among physical activities and job satisfaction was also investigated. As a novel element, the study also examined the moderating impact of stress management among physical activities and job satisfaction in manufacturing companies in Vietnam.Methods:The study used survey questionnaires to gather the primary data from the selected employees of leading manufacturing companies of Vietnam. Using the PLS-SEM and Smart-PLS packages, the study analyzed the linkages among all variables.Results:The results revealed that physical activities, self-efficacy and self-esteem have a positive linkage with job satisfaction in manufacturing companies in Vietnam. The findings also exposed that self-efficacy and self-esteem significantly mediate among physical activities and job satisfaction.Conclusion:The findings also expressed that stress management significantly moderated between physical activities and job satisfaction. These findings will provide useful guidance and assistance to the strategists and policy makers to design policies related to job satisfaction using self-efficacy, stress management and self-esteem.
Analysis of Influencing Factors of Psychological Intervention on International Students in China after COVID-19: Hainan Province, China
Authors: Lu Guo , Hu Song , Zhang Yichen , Chen Jiao , Yuan Yong , Gong Xun , Zhang Yidan
Published: January 2023

Objectives:In the post-covid-19 era, students face numerous mental health-related effects. Returning to Chinese institutions, international students in China experienced mental health issues (anxiety and stress). These overseas students' psychological issues are obstacles to their academic performance in China. Students' fear restructured their ability to think critically and execute effectively. Consequently, the framework of this study is intended to emphasize the beneficial effects of offline activities, physical activity, and classroom activities on reducing anxiety among international students in China.Methods:This study is predicated on survey data acquired using a five-point Likert scale. 317 responses were received from overseas students enrolled in Hainan universities.Results:The findings show that offline, physical, and classroom activities substantially impact the anxiety reduction of overseas students in China. The study's contribution to the literature is a fresh concept that previous research has not addressed. In addition, this research has significant theoretical and practical consequences for both knowledge and findings.Conclusion:The study has given a paradigm for relieving anxiety among overseas students in China by addressing a research gap. Meanwhile, this study's limitations provide a roadmap for researching further areas of literature in the future.
The Importance of Capital Requirements in the Banking Sector
Authors:   Wydział Zarządzania, Uniwersytet Warszawski, Polska, Sobień Ilona
Published: January 2023

The paper attempts to present the significance of capital requirements in the Polish banking sector, through the analysis of literature, financial reports and financial data in relation to bank risk. Based on the literature review, we can conclude that the main purpose of capital requirements is to improve the quality of banks’ loan portfolios and to prevent their failure, which reduces systemic risk. However, adequate recapitalization of banks is not the solution to the problem, attention should also be paid to the proper management of bank risk. Supervision of the banking sector, including monitoring of bank risk levels, is supported by the introduction of new macroprudential regulations to improve and maintain the stability of the financial system. However, it is worth noting that overly restrictive regulatory requirements may put too much of a cost burden on banks, so it is important to strike a balance in introducing new regulatory rules. Financial data in relation to capital requirements show how important credit risk is in banking activities, so it is important for banks to maintain the quality of their loan portfolios, which is reflected in the costs incurred in the future.
Impact of Infrastructural Investments on the Development of the Railway Sector in the European Union Countries
Authors:   Wydział Zarządzania, Uniwersytet Warszawski, Polska, Jaworski Krzysztof
Published: January 2023

Identification of railway transport as a key element of sustainable and effective transport showcases the necessity of strengthening the role it plays, both on the EU policy level as well as in the EU Member States. The consequence of such a policy is strong financial support allocated to the railway sector, e.g. in the form of infrastructural investments. This leads to questions on the efficiency of such support and its influence on the railway sector. In this respect, the analysis of the public support impact on railway transport in relation to variables describing the condition of this sector has been conducted. The analysis was focused on the evaluation of the impact of railway infrastructure investments. The results indicate significant differences in the effects among particular countries, illustrating the heterogeneous impact of an independent variable on measures concerning transport performance in passenger and freight services (passenger-kilometre and tonne-kilometre). Countries with higher support for infrastructure investments, in general, achieve better results in respect to the above-mentioned measures. Nevertheless, the strength of this impact is highly differential, which indicates the necessity of increasing the efficiency of infrastructural investments in the railway sector in particular countries.
The Use of Green Bonds and Green Covered Bonds in the Realization of the Principles of the European Green Deal
Authors:   Wydział Zarządzania, Uniwersytet Warszawski, Polska, Muczyńska Joanna
Published: January 2023

The main aim of the article is to present the prospect of usage of green bonds and green covered bonds as the implementation tools for the principles of the European Green Deal. The material is based on the analysis of the sources of current Polish and European legal and financial public information acts, as well as the case study on the issuance of green bonds and green covered bonds. The European Green Deal was presented on December 11, 2019, as an action plan for more efficient use of resources, by transitioning to a clean circular economy, preventing climate change, countering biodiversity loss and reducing pollution. Special attention was given to the necessary investments and available financial tools. The ways of ensuring a fair transformation were also explained. Achieving the goals outlined in the European Green Deal will require significant investment. It is estimated that in order to meet the currently set climate and energy targets for the period until 2030, it is necessary to increase investment outlays by an amount of EUR 260 billion per year, or around 1.5%. 2018 EU GDP. Such investment will require the mobilization of both the public and private sectors. The aim of the article is to analyze the financial instruments in terms of the possibility of associating them with the implementation of the principles of the European Green Deal. The conclusions of the article indicate that taking into account the necessity to implement the European Union strategy in the field of environmental and climate protection, the use of green bonds and green covered bonds is possible. The basis of green bonds issuance is the realization of investment projects in the field of conservancy which coincide with the European Green Deal goals. Green covered bonds are based on green mortgages intended for financing energy-efficient buildings, which is one of the European Green Deal keystones.
The Culture of Diversity and Creativity or the Monotony of Processes and the Culture of Servitude? The Analysis of the Characteristic Features of the Organizational Culture of the Shared Service Centers of Transnational Corporations
Authors:   Veolia Energy Contracting Polska, Niewierko Maria
Published: January 2023

Poland is the European center of specialized, outsourced competences and services, an example of which is the growing number of Shared Service Center (SSC) of transnational corporations in Poland. One of the factors that influence the quality and nature of the work in SSCs is their organizational culture. The objective of the article is to get to know the characteristic features and manifestations of SSC organizational culture, which is crucial to understanding the specificity of the work in SSCs. The article is theoretical and practical. Due to the multifaceted and definitional complexity of the organizational culture, the theory in the theoretical part was organized in such a way that four areas of its analysis were defined. In the practical part, the analysis of the characteristic features and manifestations of the organizational culture of Shared Service Centers, as well as its relationship with the parent company (headquarters), was carried out on the basis of the conducted empirical research.