bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stationary solutions to a chemotaxis-consumption model with realistic boundary conditions for the oxygen
Authors: Braukhoff Marcel , Lankeit Johannes
Published: August 2019

Previous studies of chemotaxis models with consumption of the chemoattractant (with or without fluid) have not been successful in explaining pattern formation even in the simplest form of concentration near the boundary, which had been experimentally observed. Following the suggestions that the main reason for that is the usage of inappropriate boundary conditions, in this paper we study the solutions to the stationary chemotaxis system [Formula: see text] in bounded domains [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], under the no-flux boundary conditions for [Formula: see text] and the physically meaningful condition [Formula: see text] on [Formula: see text], with the given parameter [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], satisfying [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] on [Formula: see text]. We prove the existence and uniqueness of solutions for any given mass [Formula: see text]. These solutions are nonconstant.
HIDDEN VARIABLE RECURRENT FRACTAL INTERPOLATION FUNCTIONS WITH FUNCTION CONTRACTIVITY FACTORS
Authors: YUN CHOL-HUI
Published: August 2019

In this paper, we introduce a construction of hidden variable recurrent fractal interpolation functions (HVRFIFs) with four function contractivity factors. The HVRFIF is a hidden variable fractal interpolation function (HVFIF) constructed using a recurrent iterated function system (RIFS). In the fractal interpolation theory, it is very important to ensure flexibility and diversity of the construction of interpolation functions. RIFSs produce fractal sets with local self-similarity structure. Therefore, the RIFS can describe the irregular and complicated objects in nature better than the iterated function system (IFS). The HVFIF is neither self-similar nor self-affine one. Hence, the HVFIF is more complicated, diverse and irregular than the fractal interpolation function (FIF). The contractivity factors of IFS are very important one that determines characteristics of FIFs. The IFS and RIFS with function contractivity factors can describe the fractal objects in nature better than one with constant contractivity factors. To ensure higher flexibility and diversity of the construction of the FIFs, we present constructions of one variable HVRFIFs and bivariable HVRFIFs using RIFS with four function contractivity factors.
FRACTAL DIMENSIONS OF WEYL–MARCHAUD FRACTIONAL DERIVATIVE OF CERTAIN ONE-DIMENSIONAL FUNCTIONS
Authors: LIANG Y. S. , LIU N.
Published: August 2019

Fractal dimensions of Weyl–Marchaud fractional derivative of certain continuous functions are investigated in this paper. Upper Box dimension of Weyl–Marchaud fractional derivative of certain continuous functions with Box dimension one has been proved to be no more than the sum of one and its order.
Modules close to the automorphism-invariant and coinvariant
Authors: Quynh Truong Cong , Abyzov Adel Nailevich , Ha Nguyen Thi Thu , Yildirim Tülay
Published: August 2019

The aim of this paper is to introduce a general setting where some well-known results on essentially injective modules, automorphism-(co)invariant modules and small projective modules can be obtained by developing a general theory of modules which are (co)invariant under automorphisms of their covers and envelopes.
Using Weibull Distribution for Modeling Bimodal Diffusion Curves: A Naive Framework to Study Product Life Cycle
Authors: Anand Adarsh , Aggarwal Richie , Singh Ompal
Published: August 2019

With the purpose of understanding differing shapes of sales curve (unimodal and bimodal) this paper discusses a naive way for viewing the diffusion process for consumer durables. In this paper, a step functional model involving two-step Weibull distribution with four unknown parameters is characterized wherein the shape of the density function of the models depends upon the shape and scale parameter of Weibull distribution. Empirical analysis on real life sales datasets indicates that the Weibull step function model is more flexible and fits better than the other models.
The geometry of a positively curved Zoll surface of revolution
Authors: Kiyohara Kazuyoshi , Sabau Sorin V. , Shibuya Kazuhiro
Published: August 2019

In this paper, we study the geometry of the manifolds of geodesics of a Zoll surface of positive Gauss curvature, show how these metrics induce Finsler metrics of constant flag curvature and give some explicit constructions.
On an analogue of prime vectors among integer lattice points in ellipsoids for automorphic forms
Authors: Jiang Yujiao , Lü Guangshi
Published: August 2019

In this paper, we firstly generalize a result of Friedlander and Iwaniec. By analogy, let [Formula: see text] denote the [Formula: see text]th coefficient of [Formula: see text]-function [Formula: see text] associated to a Hecke–Maass form [Formula: see text] for [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] denote the number of representations of [Formula: see text] by the quadratic form [Formula: see text], we investigate the sum with [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text] under a certain assumption.
A proof of Hecke’s formula for binary quadratic forms
Authors: Patane Frank
Published: August 2019

In Mathematische Werke, Hecke defines the operator [Formula: see text] and describes their utility in conjunction with theta series of quadratic forms. In particular, he shows that the image of theta series associated to classes of binary quadratic forms in CL[Formula: see text] is again a theta series associated to a collection of forms in CL[Formula: see text]. We state and prove an explicit formula for the action of [Formula: see text] on a binary quadratic form of negative discriminant.
p-adic multiple L-functions and cyclotomic multiple harmonic values
Authors: Furusho Hidekazu , Jarossay David
Published: August 2019

We show that the special values at tuples of positive integers of the [Formula: see text]-adic multiple [Formula: see text]-function introduced by Furusho et al. can be expressed in terms of the cyclotomic multiple harmonic values introduced by Jarossay.
Adaptation of Monsky matrices for 𝜃-congruent numbers
Authors: Mokrani Youcef
Published: August 2019

[Formula: see text]-congruent numbers are a generalization of congruent numbers. As in the classical case, there is a particular interest in finding infinite families of non-[Formula: see text]-congruent numbers with special properties, such as having an arbitrary number of prime factors. This paper presents methods to find families of non-[Formula: see text]-congruent numbers in the spirit of the initial result of Iskra, and extending the results of Girard, Lalín and Nair for [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] by adapting Monsky matrices following the ideas of Reinholz, Spearman and Yang. This paper also presents induction theorems using adapted Monsky matrices in order to find more general non-[Formula: see text]-congruent families than those presently known.
Enhancing Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Polyurethane Rubber Reinforced with Polyethylene Glycol-g-Graphene Oxide
Authors: Wang Li , Fu Wen , Peng Wenlong , Xiao Haotuo , Li Shenglin , Huang Jianning , Liu Cuiwen
Published: August 2019

This paper attempted to achieve the purpose of increasing the tensile strength and toughness of polyurethane rubber (PUR) simultaneously by introducing polyethylene glycol (PEG) onto the surface of graphene oxide (GO) to introduce hydrogen bond interactions into the PUR-GO system. GO was grafted with PEG and added to PUR by mechanical blending. The polyethylene glycol-g-graphene oxide (MGO) was characterized by infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and thermogravimetric analysis. The PUR/MGO composites were tested by tensile testing machine, thermogravimetric analysis, dynamic thermal analysis, and scanning electron microscopy. The results demonstrated that PEG was successfully grafted onto the surface of GO and the grafting rate was about 37%. The grated PEG did not affect the crystalline structure of GO. The addition of MGO could improve the thermal stability of PUR vulcanizate. After the addition of GO, the glass transition temperature (Tg) of vulcanizate was shifted to higher temperature. However, the Tg of vulcanizate reinforced by MGO was shifted to lower temperature. The strength and toughness of vulcanizate were significantly improved by adding MGO. The reason was that the hydrogen bond interactions between MGO and PUR were destroyed and the hidden length was released during the strain process. A lot of energy was consumed, and thus the strength and toughness of PUR vulcanizate were improved.
Gonadotropins and Their Association with the Risk of Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes in Middle-Aged Postmenopausal Women
Authors: Stefanska Anna , Cembrowska Paulina , Kubacka Justyna , Kuligowska –Prusinska Magdalena , Sypniewska Grazyna
Published: August 2019

Recent studies have suggested that a low concentration of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) is associated with a higher prevalence of metabolic disturbances in postmenopausal women. In this study, we aim to evaluate the association between FSH, luteinizing hormone (LH), and LH/FSH ratio values and the risk of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR >2.0), prediabetes (IFG), and type 2 diabetes in a 5-year prospective study in postmenopausal women. 114 postmenopausal women were divided into 4 groups: group 1 (baseline and follow-up normoglycemic women), group 2 (normoglycemic women at baseline progressing to IFG), group 3 (women with baseline and follow-up IFG), and group 4 (women with baseline IFG progressing to diabetes). Baseline and follow-up anthropometric measurements and blood collections were performed. Serum/plasma was assayed for glucose, HDL-C, TG, C-reactive protein (CRP), 17beta-estradiol, estrone, insulin, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), FSH, and LH. Homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and LH/FSH ratios were calculated. The baseline concentrations of FSH and LH statistically decreased across all four groups (the highest concentrations in group 1 and the lowest in group 4; p<0.001). A logistic regression analysis showed that a 1 SD decrease in the z-score of FSH concentration is associated with a threefold increased risk of IFG and a fivefold increased risk of HOMA-IR of >2.0 and diabetes. The LH concentration had odds ratio (OR) values about two times lower than the FSH concentration. The ORs of the LH/FSH ratio were only significant for IFG. In conclusion, FSH concentration is strongly associated with insulin resistance, prediabetes, and diabetes in postmenopausal women with normal or impaired fasting glucose. LH and the LH/FSH ratio are also related to metabolic disturbances after menopause, yet to a lesser extent.
Preliminary Studies on Liquiritin, Deoxyschizandrin, and Tanshinone II A as Potential Anti-Neurodegenerative Disease Agent: Determination by Reverse-Phase Liquid Chromatography in Tianwang Buxin Pills
Authors: Xu Dan , Wang Sicen , Hou Xiaofang , Sun Changshan
Published: August 2019

Tianwang Buxin pill (TWBXP) is an ancient Chinese classic prescription. Liquiritin, deoxyschizandrin, and tanshinone II A are three bioactive components in TWBXP, which have been proven to be closely related to the therapy effect of neurodegenerative disease. Their contents are very low in TWBXP. In this study, we used a diode array detector (DAD) to perform a full wavelength scanning in order to choose a most suitable detection wavelength to establish an HPLC method for the simultaneous determination of these three components in TWBXP. Various chromatographic conditions were investigated to verify its applicability. Finally, a Kromasil C18 column (250 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) thermostated at 30°C, mobile phase as 0.2% phosphoric acid solution (eluent A), and 0.1% phosphoric acid-acetonitrile solution (eluent B) were used. Both external standard method and internal standard method were used for quantification. The results showed that both methods were simple and convenient in operation without special pretreatment and exhibits excellent precision, repeatability (RSD < 3.0%), good linearity (R2 > 0.9990), and good recoveries (recovery value between 95% and 105%). Because of the low contents in samples, the internal standard method provided a better accurate result than the external standard method. The stability results showed the sample became stable within 24 hours at room temperature. The method provides a convenient and effective way for the quality control of TWBXP, and it can help the research about AD in the future.
The Antibiotic Bacitracin Protects Human Intestinal Epithelial Cells and Stem Cell-Derived Intestinal Organoids fromClostridium difficileToxin TcdB
Authors: Zhu Ziyu , Schnell Leonie , Müller Bastian , Müller Martin , Papatheodorou Panagiotis , Barth Holger
Published: August 2019

Bacitracin is an established antibiotic for local application and inhibits the cell wall synthesis of Gram-positive bacteria. Recently, we discovered a completely different mode of action of bacitracin and reported that this drug protects human cells from intoxication by a variety of medically relevant bacterial protein toxins including CDT, the binary actin ADP-ribosylating toxin ofClostridium(C.)difficile. Bacitracin prevents the transport of CDT into the cytosol of target cells, most likely by inhibiting the transport function of the binding subunit of this toxin. Here, we tested the effect of bacitracin towards TcdB, a major virulence factor ofC. difficilecontributing to severeC. difficile-associated diseases (CDAD) including pseudomembranous colitis. Bacitracin protected stem cell-derived human intestinal organoids as well as human gut epithelial cells from intoxication with TcdB. Moreover, it prevented the TcdB-induced disruption of epithelia formed by gut epithelium cellsin vitroand maintained the barrier function as detected by measuring transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER). In the presence of bacitracin, TcdB was not able reach its substrate Rac1 in the cytosol of human epithelial cells, most likely because its pH-dependent transport across cell membranes into the cytosol is decreased by bacitracin. In conclusion, in addition to its direct antibiotic activity againstC. difficileand its inhibitory effect towards the toxin CDT, bacitracin neutralizes the exotoxin TcdB of this important pathogenic bacterium.
Overexpression of DCLK1-AL Increases Tumor Cell Invasion, Drug Resistance, and KRAS Activation and Can Be Targeted to Inhibit Tumorigenesis in Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Qu Dongfeng , Weygant Nathaniel , Yao Jiannan , Chandrakesan Parthasarathy , Berry William L. , May Randal , Pitts Kamille , Husain Sanam , Lightfoot Stan , Li Min , Wang Timothy C. , An Guangyu , Clendenin Cynthia , Stanger Ben Z. , Houchen Courtney W.
Published: August 2019

Oncogenic KRAS mutation plays a key role in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) tumorigenesis with nearly 95% of PDAC harboring mutation-activated KRAS, which has been considered an undruggable target. Doublecortin-like kinase 1 (DCLK1) is often overexpressed in pancreatic cancer, and recent studies indicate that DCLK1+ PDAC cells can initiate pancreatic tumorigenesis. In this study, we investigate whether overexpressing DCLK1 activates RAS and promotes tumorigenesis, metastasis, and drug resistance. Human pancreatic cancer cells (AsPC-1 and MiaPaCa-2) were infected with lentivirus and selected to create stable DCLK1 isoform 2 (alpha-long, AL) overexpressing lines. The invasive potential of these cells relative to vector control was compared using Matrigel coated transwell assay. KRAS activation and interaction were determined by a pull-down assay and coimmunoprecipitation. Gemcitabine, mTOR (Everolimus), PI3K (LY-294002), and BCL-2 (ABT-199) inhibitors were used to evaluate drug resistance downstream of KRAS activation. Immunostaining of a PDAC tissue microarray was performed to detect DCLK1 alpha- and beta-long expression. Analysis of gene expression in human PDAC was performed using the TCGA PAAD dataset. The effects of targeting DCLK1 were studied using xenograft and Pdx1CreKrasG12DTrp53R172H/+ (KPC) mouse models. Overexpression of DCLK1-AL drives a more than 2-fold increase in invasion and drug resistance and increased the activation of KRAS. Evidence from TCGA PAAD demonstrated that human PDACs expressing high levels of DCLK1 correlate with activated PI3K/AKT/MTOR-pathway signaling suggesting greater KRAS activity. High DCLK1 expression in normal adjacent tissue of PDAC correlated with poor survival and anti-DCLK1 mAb inhibited pancreatic tumor growth in vivo in mouse models.
Research on Minimum Time Interception Problem with a Tangent Impulse under Relative Motion Models
Authors: Ding Wenzhe , Li Xinhong , Yang Hong
Published: August 2019

The minimum time interception problem with a tangent impulse whose direction is the same as the satellite’s velocity direction is studied based on the relative motion equations of elliptical orbits by the combination of analytical, numerical, and optimization methods. Firstly, the feasible domain of the true anomaly of the target under the fixed impulse point is given, and the interception solution is transformed into a univariate function only with respect to the target true anomaly by using the relative motion equation. On the basis of the above, the numerical solution of the function is obtained by the combination of incremental search and the false position method. Secondly, considering the initial drift when the impulse point is freely selected, the genetic algorithm-sequential quadratic programming (GA-SQP) combination optimization method is used to obtain the minimum time interception solution under the tangent impulse in a target motion cycle. Thirdly, under the high-precision orbit prediction (HPOP) model, the Nelder-Mead simplex method is used to optimize the impulse velocity and transfer time to obtain the accurate interception solution. Lastly, the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by simulation examples.
A Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals Diverse Regulatory Networks That Respond to Cold Stress in Strawberry (Fragaria×ananassa)
Authors: Zhang Yong , Zhang Yunting , Lin Yuanxiu , Luo Ya , Wang Xiaorong , Chen Qing , Sun Bo , Wang Yan , Li Mengyao , Tang Haoru
Published: August 2019

Strawberry is often subjected to cold stress in temperate regions when insulation measures are not strictly applied in protected cultivation. Cold stress adversely influences plant growth and development by triggering a massive change to the transcriptome. To provide the potential strategies in improving strawberry cold tolerance and give a glimpse into the understanding of the complex cold signaling pathways in plants, this study identified attractive candidate genes and revealed diverse regulatory networks that responded to cold stress in strawberry (Fragaria×ananassa) by a transcriptomic analysis. Totally, there were 2397 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) under cold stress treatment (T1) vs. normal treatment (CK). Of these, 1180 DEGs were upregulated, while 1217 DEGs were downregulated. Functional enrichment analysis showed that DEGs were significantly (adjusted P value < 0.05) overrepresented in six pathways including plant hormone signal transduction, flavonoid biosynthesis, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling, starch and sucrose metabolism, circadian rhythm, and alpha-linolenic acid metabolism. The cold signaling initiated expression of downstream cold-responsive (COR) genes with cis-acting element ABRE or CRT/DRE in the ABA-independent or ABA-dependent pathway to impel plant defense against the stress. Strikingly, GIGANTEA (gene id 101308922), two-component response regulator-like PRR95 (gene id 101295449), and ethylene-responsive transcription factor ERF105-like (gene id 101295082) were dramatically induced under low-temperature treatment, indicating that they played an important role in response to cold stress in strawberry.
Irradiated Bladder Cancer Cells Expressing both GM-CSF and IL-21 versus Either GM-CSF or IL-21 Alone as Tumor Vaccine in a Mouse Xenograft Model
Authors: Peng Junming , Ye Liefu , Li Tao , Zhu Qingguo , Guo Jinan , Xiao Kefeng , Wei Yongbao
Published: August 2019

Previous studies have established the efficacy of irradiated cancer cells overexpressing GM-CSF or IL-21 as a vaccine. Here we examined whether the vaccine efficacy was greater when both factors were overexpressed together. MB49 bladder cancer cells were transfected with expression plasmid pT7TS encoding mouse GM-CSF and human IL-21, and then irradiated with 100 Gy at 4 days later. The cells (1×107 per animal) were injected subcutaneously into C57BL/6 mice at 0, 4, 8, and 12 days after inoculation with MB49 tumor xenografts. Control animals were injected with MB49 cells transfected with pT7TS encoding GM-CSF or IL-21 on its own. Tumor growth was monitored for 45 days and compared among the groups using repeated-measures ANOVA. Vaccination with irradiated MB49 cells did not affect xenograft growth. Vaccination with irradiated cells overexpressing GM-CSF or IL-21 alone significantly inhibited tumor growth and led to significantly more CD4+ CD8+ T cells and fewer CD4+ Foxp3+ T cells in the spleen and xenograft. These effects were even greater following vaccination with irradiated cells overexpressing both GM-CSF and IL-21. Irradiated bladder cancer cells overexpressing both GM-CSF and IL-21 are more effective than cells expressing either factor alone as a vaccine against bladder cancer.
Enhanced Efficiency Liquid Nitrogen Fertilizer Management for Corn Production
Authors: Steusloff Tyler W. , Singh Gurbir , Nelson Kelly A. , Motavalli Peter P.
Published: August 2019

Claypan soils have a high potential for N loss, which can lower corn (Zea maysL.) yields. Field research was conducted from 2011 to 2013 in Northeast Missouri to determine corn yield, plant population, and grain quality response to N application timings (fall vs. spring) and five N sources/placements at two different N rates (84 and 168 kg·N·ha−1) on a poorly drained claypan soil. The five N source/placement systems were no-till (NT)/surface broadcast urea ammonium nitrate (UAN) (Surface UAN) or strip-till (ST)/deep banded UAN (deep UAN), NT/surface broadcast UAN plus Nitamin Nfusion (surface NF) or ST/deep banded UAN plus Nitamin Nfusion (deep NF), and ST/deep banded anhydrous ammonia (AA) (deep AA). The field trial was a split-plot randomized complete block design with four replications. Deep UAN with a fall N application produced the highest grain yield (8.12 to 9.12 Mg·ha−1) at 84 and 168 kg·N·ha−1, but it was less effective with a spring application in 2011. Fall deep AA produced the lowest grain yields (5.97 and 6.8 Mg·ha−1) in 2013 at 84 and 168 kg·N·ha−1potentially due to wet soil conditions at the time of application. Warmer and wetter soil conditions during April-May of 2013 resulted in relatively higher grain yields compared to cooler and drier soil conditions in 2011 with all spring-applied N source/placement treatments. Extreme drought in the 2012 growing season resulted in poor corn growth. Farmers may need to consider fall N applications on claypan soils because spring N application might be riskier since corn grain yield was generally greater than or equal to spring-applied treatments.
Immune Activation in Mismatch Repair–Deficient Carcinogenesis: More Than Just Mutational Rate
Authors: Willis Jason A. , Reyes-Uribe Laura , Chang Kyle , Lipkin Steven M. , Vilar Eduardo
Published: August 2019

Mismatch repair (MMR)–deficient colorectal cancers (dMMR colorectal cancer) are characterized by the expression of highly immunogenic neoantigen peptides, which stimulate lymphocytic infiltration as well as upregulation of inflammatory cytokines. These features are key to understanding why immunotherapy (specifically PD-1 and/or CTLA-4 checkpoint blockade) has proved to be highly effective for the treatment of patients with advanced dMMR colorectal cancer. Importantly, preclinical studies also suggest that this correlation between potent tumor neoantigens and the immune microenvironment is present in early (premalignant) stages of dMMR colorectal tumorigenesis as well, even in the absence of a high somatic mutation burden. Here, we discuss recent efforts to characterize how neoantigens and the tumor immune microenvironment coevolve throughout the dMMR adenoma-to-carcinoma pathway. We further highlight how this preclinical evidence forms the rational basis for developing novel immunotherapy-based colorectal cancer prevention strategies for patients with Lynch syndrome.
TFEB Mediates Immune Evasion and Resistance to mTOR Inhibition of Renal Cell Carcinoma via Induction of PD-L1
Authors: Zhang Cai , Duan Yaqi , Xia Minghui , Dong Yuting , Chen Yufei , Zheng Lu , Chai Shuaishuai , Zhang Qian , Wei Zhengping , Liu Na , Wang Jing , Sun Chaoyang , Tang Zhaohui , Cheng Xiang , Wu Jie , Wang Guoping , Zheng Fang , Laurence Arian , Li Bing , Yang Xiang-Ping
Published: August 2019

Purpose:

Despite the FDA approval of mTOR inhibitors (mTORi) for the treatment of renal cell carcinoma (RCC), the benefits are relatively modest and the few responders usually develop resistance. We investigated whether the resistance to mTORi is due to upregulation of PD-L1 and the underlying molecular mechanism.

Experimental Design:

The effects of transcription factor EB (TFEB) on RCC proliferation, apoptosis, and migration were evaluated. Correlation of TFEB with PD-L1 expression, as well as effects of mTOR inhibition on TFEB and PD-L1 expression, was assessed in human primary clear cell RCCs. The regulation of TFEB on PD-L1 was assessed by chromatin immunoprecipitation and luciferase reporter assay. The therapeutic efficacies of mTORi plus PD-L1 blockade were evaluated in a mouse model. The function of tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells was analyzed by flow cytometry.

Results:

TFEB did not affect tumor cell proliferation, apoptosis, and migration. We found a positive correlation between TFEB and PD-L1 expression in RCC tumor tissues, primary tumor cells, and RCC cells. TFEB bound to PD-L1 promoter in RCCs and inhibition of mTOR led to enhanced TFEB nuclear translocation and PD-L1 expression. Simultaneous inhibition of mTOR and blockade of PD-L1 enhanced CD8+ cytolytic function and tumor suppression in a xenografted mouse model of RCC.

Conclusions:

These data revealed that TFEB mediates resistance to mTOR inhibition via induction of PD-L1 in human primary RCC tumors, RCC cells, and murine xenograft model. Our data provide a strong rationale to target mTOR and PD-L1 jointly as a novel immunotherapeutic approach for RCC treatment.
Safety and Efficacy of Flow Reversal in Acute and Elective Carotid Angioplasty and Stenting Using the Mo.Ma Device with Short-Term Follow-Up
Authors: Tiwari Ambooj , Bo Ryan , Sivakumar Keithan , Arcot Karthikeyan M. , Ye Philip , Parrella David T. , Farkas Jeffrey
Published: August 2019

Objective: To determine the safety and efficacy of flow reversal following proximal flow arrest as an embolic protection strategy for carotid angioplasty and stenting (CAS) with short-term follow-up. Method: We performed a retrospective review of our CAS database for patients who underwent stent-supported carotid revascularization in the setting of acute/subacute stroke or TIA. We reviewed clinical and radiographic data during a 36-month period. Primary outcome was clinical evidence of ipsilateral stroke in the first 30 days. Secondary outcomes include clinical outcomes and sonographic and/or angiographic follow-up over 6 months, 6-month functional scale, and all-cause mortality. Results: Fifty-five patients underwent CAS using flow reversal: 26 females and 29 males with a mean age of 69.7 years. Median time to treatment from index event was 3 days. 11% underwent stenting as part of hyperacute stroke therapy. Average luminal stenosis was 86%. The 9-Fr Mo.Ma device was used in combination with Penumbra aspiration in all cases. There were no ipsilateral strokes. Incidence of any ischemic event was 3.64%, but only 1 (1.82%) patient had a postoperative stroke. Clinical follow-up was available for 94.5%, while lesion follow-up was available for 73% of patients. Three patients had evidence of restenosis, but none were symptomatic. Luminal restenosis was ≤30% in all three. Median pre- and post-NIHSS were 1 and 1, respectively. Conclusion: Flow reversal using the Mo.Ma device is a safe and effective strategy in preventing distal embolization during carotid artery revascularization.
Ein Fall von Aluminose der Atemwege mit wahrscheinlich sekundärer pleuroparenchymaler Fibroelastose
Authors: Yabuuchi Yuki , Goto Hitomi , Nonaka Mizu , Tachi Hiroaki , Akiyama Tatsuya , Arai Naoki , Ishikawa Hiroaki , Hyodo Kentaro , Nemoto Kenji , Miura Yukiko , Hase Isano , Oh-ishi Shuji , Hayashihara Kenji , Saito Takefumi , Chonan Tatsuya
Published: August 2019

Hintergrund: Die exzessive Inhalation von Aluminiumstaub führt gelegentlich zu einer überwiegend die Oberlappen betreffenden Lungenfibrose, die einer idiopathischen pleuroparenchymalen Fibroelastose (IPPFE) ähnelt und bei der es sich den Annahmen zufolge um eine sekundäre PPFE handelt. Fallbericht: Ein 67-jähriger Mann, der 50 Jahre lang in einem aluminiumverarbeitenden Unternehmen gearbeitet hatte, stellte sich mit Belastungsdyspnoe in unserer Klinik vor. Die Computertomographie (CT) des Thorax zeigte eine bilaterale dichte subpleurale Konsolidierung in den oberen und mittleren Lungenfeldern entsprechend einer IPPFE; eine etwaige sekundäre PPFE im Zusammenhang mit einer Aluminose wurde jedoch nicht ausgeschlossen. Aufgrund des kritischen Zustands des Patienten erfolgten eine transbronchiale Lungenbiopsie (TBLB) anstatt einer chirurgischen Lungenbiopsie sowie eine Elementaranalyse der entnommenen Gewebeprobe. Da die mittels TBLB gewonnene Probe bedauerlicherweise kein Alveolargewebe enthielt, konnte die Diagnose PPFE nicht pathologisch gesichert werden. Die radiologischen Befunde sprachen jedoch stark für eine PPFE. In der Elementaranalyse wurden hohe Mengen an Aluminium in den Bronchiolarwänden nachgewiesen, so dass die Diagnose einer Aluminose der Atemwege mit wahrscheinlich sekundärer PPFE infolge Aluminiumexposition gestellt wurde. Schlussfolgerungen: Eine TBLB mit Elementaranalyse kann zur Abgrenzung der idiopathischen PPFE von sekundären Ursachen bei staubbedingten Erkrankungen wie Aluminose hilfreich sein. Der vorliegende Fall zeigt, dass die Inhalation von Aluminium eine sekundäre PPFE verursachen kann; ein besonderes Augenmerk sollte auf die Vermeidung einer weiteren Exposition gelegt werden.
Kardiale Ereignisse nach Antibiotika-Behandlung bei Krankenhauspatienten mit ambulant erworbener Pneumonie
Authors: Krüger Stefan
Published: August 2019

Background: Guidelines recommend macrolides and fluoroquinolones in patients hospitalized with communityacquired pneumonia (CAP), but their use has been associated with cardiac events. We quantified associations between macrolide and fluoroquinolone use and cardiac events in patients hospitalized with CAP in non-ICU wards.Methods: This was a post-hoc analysis of a cluster-randomized trial as a cohort study; including patients with a working diagnosis of CAP admitted to non-ICU wards without a cardiac event on admission. We calculated causespecific hazard ratio's (HR's) for effects of time-dependent macrolide and fluoroquinolone exposure as compared to beta-lactam monotherapy on cardiac events, defined as new or worsening heart failure, arrhythmia, or myocardial ischemia during hospitalization.Results: Cardiac events occurred in 146 (6.9%) of 2107 patients, including heart failure (n = 101, 4.8%), arrhythmia (n = 53, 2.5%), and myocardial ischemia (n = 14, 0.7%). These occurred in 11 of 207 (5.3%), 18 of 250 (7.2%), and 31 of 277 (11.2%) patients exposed to azithromycin, clarithromycin, and erythromycin for at least one day, and in 9 of 234 (3.8%), 5 of 194 (2.6%), and 23 of 566 (4.1%) exposed to ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin, respectively. HR's for erythromycin, compared to beta-lactam monotherapy, on any cardiac event and heart failure were 1.60 (95% CI 1.09;2.36) and 1.89 (95% CI 1.22;2.91), respectively. HR's for levofloxacin and moxifloxacin, compared to beta-lactam monotherapy, on any cardiac event were 0.40 (95% CI 0.18;0.87)and 0.56 (95% CI 0.36;0.87), respectively. Findings remained consistent after adjustment for confounders and/or in a sensitivity analysis of radiologically confirmed CAP (n = 1604, 76.1%).Conclusions: Among patients with CAP hospitalized to non-ICU wards, erythromycin use was associated with a 68% increased risk of hospital-acquired cardiac events, mainly heart failure. Levofloxacin and moxifloxacin were associated with a lower risk of heart failure. Although our study does not fully exclude confounding bias, findings remained largely unchanged in crude, adjusted, and sensitivity analyses. These findings may caution the use of erythromycinas empirical therapy in these patients.Trial registration: The original trial was retrospectively registered under ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT01660204 on August 8th, 2012.
O espaço potencial: da origem à evolução
Authors: Serralha Conceição Aparecida
Published: August 2019

Estudo sobre o conceito e a teoria do espaço potencial de D. W. Winnicott. Realizou-se uma leitura exaustiva da obra desse autor e de estudiosos dela. Não há consenso entre estes sobre o momento em que o espaço potencial se constitui na linha do amadurecimento do indivíduo e acerca das expressões utilizadas para nomeá-lo. Para Winnicott, o espaço potencial é o locus de um processo que acontece no indivíduo, iniciando-se em uma área intermediária, com seus fenômenos e objetos transicionais, e evolui para o brincar, para o brincar compartilhado e para as experiências culturais.
A singularidade na construção epistêmica: conhecimento e desejo nas formulações infantis
Authors: Anacleto Julia Maria Borges
Published: August 2019

Explora-se elementos do caminho conceitual lacaniano em seu retorno a Freud visando ressituar a problemática do sujeito frente à sua determinação estrutural a fim de contribuir com o debate sobre as condições de possibilidade de emergência de novidades epistêmicas prolongando e aprofundando a tese apresentada por Lajonquière em De Piaget a Freud. Interliga-se a inscrição do pensamento no campo da palavra e da linguagem e a formulação do simbólico como estrutura significante regida por uma lógica paradoxal, aquela da dialética da demanda e do desejo. Apresenta-se como a noção de significante da falta no Outro desemboca na teoria do objeto a, encontrando na impossibilidade de completude a chave para a causalidade estrutural.
Distinct Dimensions of Kidney Health and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease, Heart Failure, and Mortality
Authors: Lee Alexandra K. , Katz Ronit , Jotwani Vasantha , Garimella Pranav S. , Ambrosius Walter T. , Cheung Alfred K. , Gren Lisa H. , Neyra Javier A. , Punzi Henry , Raphael Kalani L. , Shlipak Michael G. , Ix Joachim H.
Published: August 2019

Chronic kidney disease is a strong risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), but clinical kidney measures (estimated glomerular filtration rate and albuminuria) do not fully reflect the multiple aspects of kidney tubules influencing cardiovascular health. Applied methods are needed to integrate numerous tubule biomarkers into useful prognostic scores. In SPRINT (Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial) participants with chronic kidney disease at baseline (estimated glomerular filtration rate
cr&cys
<60 mL/minute per 1.73 m
2
), we measured 8 biomarkers from urine (α1M [α1M microglobulin], β2M [β2M microglobulin], umod [uromodulin], KIM-1 [kidney injury molecule-1], MCP-1 [monocyte chemoattractant protein-1], YKL-40 [chitinase-3-like protein-1], NGAL [neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin], and IL-18 [interleukin 18]) and 2 biomarkers from serum (intact parathyroid hormone, iFGF-23 [intact fibroblast growth factor-23]). We used an unsupervised method, exploratory factor analysis, to create summary scores of tubule health dimensions. Adjusted Cox models evaluated each tubule score with CVD events, heart failure, and all-cause mortality. We examined CVD discrimination using Harrell C-statistic. Factor analysis of 10 biomarkers from 2376 SPRINT-chronic kidney disease participants identified 4 unique dimensions of tubular health: tubule injury/repair (NGAL, IL-18, YKL-40), tubule injury/fibrosis (KIM-1, MCP-1), tubule reabsorption (α1M, β2M), and tubular reserve/mineral metabolism (umod, intact parathyroid hormone, iFGF-23). After adjustment for CVD risk factors, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and albumin-to-creatinine ratio, 2 of the 4 tubule scores were associated with CVD (hazard ratio per SD; reabsorption, 1.21 [1.06–1.38]; reserve, 1.24 (1.08–1.38]), 1 with heart failure (reserve, 1.41 [1.13–1.74]), and none with mortality. Compared with a base model (C-statistic=0.674), adding estimated glomerular filtration rate and albumin-to-creatinine ratio improved the C-statistic (C=0.704;
P
=0.001); further adding tubule scores additionally improved the C-statistic (C=0.719;
P
=0.009). In the setting of chronic kidney disease, dimensions of tubule health quantified using factor analysis improved CVD discrimination beyond contemporary kidney measures.

Clinical Trial Registration—

URL:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT01206062.
Outcome-Driven Thresholds for Ambulatory Blood Pressure Based on the New American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Classification of Hypertension
Authors: Cheng Yi-Bang , Thijs Lutgarde , Zhang Zhen-Yu , Kikuya Masahiro , Yang Wen-Yi , Melgarejo Jesus D. , Boggia José , Wei Fang-Fei , Hansen Tine W. , Yu Cai-Guo , Asayama Kei , Ohkubo Takayoshi , Dolan Eamon , Stolarz-Skrzypek Katarzyna , Malyutina Sofia , Casiglia Edoardo , Lind Lars , Filipovský Jan , Maestre Gladys E. , Imai Yutaka , Kawecka-Jaszcz Kalina , Sandoya Edgardo , Narkiewicz Krzysztof , Li Yan , O’Brien Eoin , Wang Ji-Guang , Staessen Jan A. ,   on behalf of the IDACO Investigators
Published: August 2019

The new American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association guideline reclassified office blood pressure and proposed thresholds for ambulatory blood pressure (ABP). We derived outcome-driven ABP thresholds corresponding with the new office blood pressure categories. We performed 24-hour ABP monitoring in 11 152 participants (48.9% women; mean age, 53.0 years) representative of 13 populations. We determined ABP thresholds resulting in multivariable-adjusted 10-year risks similar to those associated with elevated office blood pressure (120/80 mm Hg) and stages 1 and 2 of office hypertension (130/80 and 140/90 mm Hg). Over 13.9 years (median), 2728 (rate per 1000 person-years, 17.9) people died, 1033 (6.8) from cardiovascular disease; furthermore, 1988 (13.8), 893 (6.0), and 795 (5.4) cardiovascular and coronary events and strokes occurred. Using a composite cardiovascular end point, systolic/diastolic outcome-driven thresholds indicating elevated 24-hour, daytime, and nighttime ABP were 117.9/75.2, 121.4/79.6, and 105.3/66.2 mm Hg. For stages 1 and 2 ambulatory hypertension, thresholds were 123.3/75.2 and 128.7/80.7 mm Hg for 24-hour ABP, 128.5/79.6 and 135.6/87.1 mm Hg for daytime ABP, and 111.7/66.2 and 118.1/72.5 mm Hg for nighttime ABP. ABP thresholds derived from other end points were similar. After rounding, approximate thresholds for elevated 24-hour, daytime, and nighttime ABP were 120/75, 120/80, and 105/65 mm Hg, and for stages 1 and 2, ambulatory hypertension 125/75 and 130/80 mm Hg, 130/80 and 135/85 mm Hg, and 110/65 and 120/70 mm Hg. Outcome-driven ABP thresholds corresponding to elevated blood pressure and stages 1 and 2 of hypertension are similar to those proposed by the current American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association guideline.
Cardiac Biomarkers and Risk of Atrial Fibrillation in Chronic Kidney Disease: The CRIC Study
Authors: Lamprea‐Montealegre Julio A. , Zelnick Leila R. , Shlipak Michael G. , Floyd James S. , Anderson Amanda H. , He Jiang , Christenson Rob , Seliger Stephen L. , Soliman Elsayed Z. , Deo Rajat , Ky Bonnie , Feldman Harold I. , Kusek John W. , deFilippi Christopher R. , Wolf Myles S. , Shafi Tariq , Go Alan S. , Bansal Nisha , Appel Lawrence J. , Lash James P. , Rao Panduranga S. , Rahman Mahboob , Townsend Raymond R.
Published: August 2019

Background

We tested associations of cardiac biomarkers of myocardial stretch, injury, inflammation, and fibrosis with the risk of incident atrial fibrillation (
AF
) in a prospective study of
chronic kidney disease
patients.

Methods and Results

The study sample was 3053 participants with
chronic kidney disease
in the multicenter
CRIC
(Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort) study who were not identified as having
AF
at baseline. Cardiac biomarkers, measured at baseline, were NT‐proBNP (N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide), high‐sensitivity troponin T, galectin‐3, growth differentiation factor‐15, and soluble
ST
‐2. Incident AF (“
AF
event”) was defined as a hospitalization for AF. During a median follow‐up of 8 years, 279 (9%) participants developed a new
AF
event. In adjusted models, higher baseline log‐transformed NT‐proBNP (N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide) was associated with incident
AF
(adjusted hazard ratio [
HR
] per
SD
higher concentration: 2.11; 95%
CI
, 1.75, 2.55), as was log‐high‐sensitivity troponin T (
HR
1.42; 95%
CI
, 1.20, 1.68). These associations showed a dose–response relationship in categorical analyses. Although log‐soluble
ST
‐2 was associated with
AF
risk in continuous models (
HR
per
SD
higher concentration 1.35; 95%
CI
, 1.16, 1.58), this association was not consistent in categorical analyses. Log‐galectin‐3 (
HR
1.05; 95%
CI
, 0.91, 1.22) and log‐growth differentiation factor‐15 (
HR
1.16; 95%
CI
, 0.96, 1.40) were not significantly associated with incident AF.

Conclusions

We found strong associations between higher NT‐proBNP (N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide) and high‐sensitivity troponin T concentrations, and the risk of incident
AF
in a large cohort of participants with
chronic kidney disease
. Increased atrial myocardial stretch and myocardial cell injury may be implicated in the high burden of
AF
in patients with
chronic kidney disease
.
Synopsis of the genus Pandrosos Bates, 1867 (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae)
Authors: MERMUDES JOSÉ RICARDO M. , NAPP DILMA SOLANGE
Published: August 2019

Pandrosos Bates, 1867 is a formerly monotypic South American genus containing the type species, P. phtisicus (Klug, 1825). A second species, P. proximus Mermudes & Napp sp. nov., described from Brazil (Mato Grosso), is added to the genus. Redescription of the genus and of the type species are also provided.
First record of the spider family Symphytognathidae in Europe and description of Anapistula ataecina sp. n. (Araneae)
Authors: CARDOSO PEDRO , SCHARFF NIKOLAJ
Published: August 2019

The spider family Symphytognathidae has never been recorded from Europe, being mostly present in tropical regions. Different collecting trips to a cave system in Portugal revealed several specimens of a new species of Symphytognathidae here described, Anapistula ataecina sp. n. This is one of the smallest spiders described to date. The species is almost exclusively known from the Frade Cave System in Portugal which is partly endangered by limestone quarries. No males were found to date despite many collecting trips to the caves during more than three years. Parthenogenesis could therefore be responsible for the species reproduction. Its web, with a sheet-like structure, seems atypical for the family and for the genus. Details on the eggsacs and spinneret morphology are also given.
The status of the amphibian nomina created by Merrem (1820) and Ritgen (1828)
Authors: DUBOIS ALAIN , OHLER ANNEMARIE
Published: August 2019

In a poorly known work, Ritgen (1828) published an unconventional taxonomy and nomenclature of amphibians and reptiles. This work was an expansion of the taxonomic system of Merrem (1820) for these animals. After a survey of the nomenclatural status of the few supraspecific nomina used in Merrem (1820) for amphibians, in the current sense of this term, we ascertain the nomenclatural status of all the nomina created by Ritgen (1828) for genera and higher taxa including these animals. We designate nucleospecies (type-species) for his five new generic nomina, which results in making them invalid junior synonyms of nomina currently considered valid. Among the 21 nomina which he created for higher amphibian taxa, two prove to be the valid senior synonyms, following the Rules suggested by Dubois (2006a), of nomina used by Frost et al. (2006), and the same is true for two other such nomina created earlier by Merrem (1820). This example shows how these Rules allow to stabilize automatically and objectively the higher nomenclature in zoology, without recourse to interpretations, “opinion” or use of the “principle of authority”, which currently predominates in this field.
A new, large species of Chiasmocleis Méhelÿ 1904 (Anura: Microhylidae) from the Iquitos region, Amazonian Peru
Authors: FUNK W. CHRIS , CANNATELLA DAVID C.
Published: August 2019

We describe a new species of Chiasmocleis (Anura: Microhylidae) from lowland rainforests in the western Amazon basin of Peru (near Iquitos, Departamento de Loreto). The species differs from congeners in the Amazon basin by its large size (it is the largest known Chiasmocleis species), bright yellow iris, a grey dorsum with reddish blotches posteriorly and on limbs, and a creamy white venter with bold dark mottling with pale centers. The new species also differs from two other sympatric Chiasmocleis species at 12S–16S mitochondrial DNA (6.1% and 11.9% sequence divergence between the new species and C. ventrimaculata and C. bassleri, respectively). A comparison of the new species with other microhylids found in the western Amazon basin is provided.
The brine shrimps (Artemia and Parartemia) of South Australia, including descriptions of four new species of Parartemia (Crustacea: Anostraca: Artemiina)
Authors: TIMMS BRIAN V , HUDSON PETER
Published: August 2019

The Australian endemic brine shrimp Parartemia is more speciose than the literature suggests, with eight described species, four new ones added here from South Australia and many undescribed species elsewhere in Australia. P. acidiphila n. sp. occurs in acidic salinas on Eyre Peninsula, in the Gawler Ranges in South Australia and also in the Esperance hinterland, Western Australia, while P. auriciforma n. sp., P. triquetra n. sp. and P. yarleensis n. sp. occur in remote episodic salinas in western South Australia. Introduced Artemia franciscana and A. parthenogenetica are limited to present and defunct salt works; reports of Artemia beyond salt works in South Australia are enigmatic.
In threat of co-extinction: two new species of Acizzia Heslop-Harrison (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) from vulnerable species of Acacia and Pultenaea
Authors: TAYLOR GARY S. , MOIR MELINDA L.
Published: August 2019

Two new species of Acizzia, A. veski, sp. nov. and A. keithi, sp. nov. are described from the vulnerable or threatened plant species respectively, Acacia veronica Maslin (Fabaceae: Mimosoideae), with a restricted distribution in the southwest of Western Australia and Pultenaea glabra Benth. (Fabaceae: Faboideae), with a restricted distribution in eastern Australia. Pultenaea is recorded here as a new host genus record for Acizzia. Both new species of Acizzia are considered at risk of extinction as they have been recorded only from single localities on vulnerable or threatened hosts with restricted distributions.
Taxonomic study of the genus Teinoptila Sauber, 1902 from China (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae)
Authors: JIN QING , WANG SHUXIA , LI HOUHUN
Published: August 2019

We report five species of Teinoptila Sauber from China. Teinoptila clavata sp. nov. is described as new, and T. brunnescens (Moore, 1888) is newly recorded for China. Images of the adults, wing venation, and genitalia are provided, along with keys distinguishing all the Chinese species.