bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Framework for Modeling Flood Depth Using a Hybrid of Hydraulics and Machine Learning
Authors: Hosseiny Hossein , Nazari Foad , Smith Virginia , Nataraj C.
Published: May 2020

Solving river engineering problems typically requires river flow characterization, including the prediction of flow depth, flow velocity, and flood extent. Hydraulic models use governing equations of the flow in motion (conservation of mass and momentum principles) to predict the flow characteristics. However, solving such equations can be substantially expensive, depending upon their spatial extension. Moreover, modeling two- or three-dimensional river flows with high-resolution topographic data for large-scale regions (national or continental scale) is next to impossible. Such simulations are required for comprehensive river modeling, where a system of connected rivers is to be simulated simultaneously. Machine Learning (ML) approaches have shown promise for different water resources problems, and they have demonstrated an ability to learn from current data to predict new scenarios, which can enhance the understanding of the systems. The aim of this paper is to present an efficient flood simulation framework that can be applied to large-scale simulations. The framework outlines a novel, quick, efficient and versatile model to identify flooded areas and the flood depth, using a hybrid of hydraulic model and ML measures. To accomplish that, a two-dimensional hydraulic model (iRIC), calibrated by measured water surface elevation data, was used to train two ML models to predict river depth over the domain for an arbitrary discharge. The first ML model included a random forest (RF) classification model, which was used to identify wet or dry nodes over the domain. The second was a multilayer perceptron (MLP) model that was developed and trained by the iRIC simulation results, in order to estimate river depth in wet nodes. For the test data the overall accuracy of 98.5 percent was achieved for the RF classification. The regression coefficient for the MLP model for depth was 0.88. The framework outlined in this paper can be used to couple hydraulics and ML models to reduce the computation time, resources and expenses of large-scale, real-time simulations, specifically for two- or three-dimensional hydraulic modeling, where traditional hydraulic models are infeasible or prohibitively expensive.
Non-negative matrix factorisation is the most appropriate method for extraction of muscle synergies in walking and running
Authors: Rabbi Mohammad Fazle , Pizzolato Claudio , Lloyd David G. , Carty Chris P. , Devaprakash Daniel , Diamond Laura E.
Published: May 2020

Muscle synergies provide a simple description of a complex motor control mechanism. Synergies are extracted from muscle activation patterns using factorisation methods. Despite the availability of several factorisation methods in the literature, the most appropriate method for muscle synergy extraction is currently unknown. In this study, we compared four muscle synergy extraction methods: non-negative matrix factorisation, principal component analysis, independent component analysis, and factor analysis. Probability distribution of muscle activation patterns were compared with the probability distribution of synergy excitation primitives obtained from the four factorisation methods. Muscle synergies extracted using non-negative matrix factorisation best matched the probability distribution of muscle activation patterns across different walking and running speeds. Non-negative matrix factorisation also best tracked changes in muscle activation patterns compared to the other factorisation methods. Our results suggest that non-negative matrix factorisation is the best factorisation method for identifying muscle synergies in dynamic tasks with different levels of muscle contraction.
Author Correction: Organic osmolytes preserve the function of the developing tight junction in ultraviolet B-irradiated rat epidermal keratinocytes
Authors: El-Chami Cécile , Haslam Iain S. , Steward Martin C. , O’Neill Catherine A.
Published: May 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Infrared and Raman chemical imaging and spectroscopy at the nanoscale
Authors: Kurouski Dmitry , Dazzi Alexandre , Zenobi Renato , Centrone Andrea
Published: May 2020

The advent of nanotechnology, and the need to understand the chemical composition at the nanoscale, has stimulated the convergence of IR and Raman spectroscopy with scanning probe methods, resulting in new nanospectroscopy paradigms.
Solvation effects on wavenumbers and absorption intensities of the OH-stretch vibration in phenolic compounds – electrical- and mechanical anharmonicity via a combined DFT/Numerov approach
Authors: Schuler Manuel J. , Hofer Thomas S. , Morisawa Yusuke , Futami Yoshisuke , Huck Christian W. , Ozaki Yukihiro
Published: May 2020

A previously measured oscillatory intensity pattern in phenolic compounds between different solvents was successfully reproduced for the first time, employing modern grid-based methods to solve the time-independent vibrational Schrödinger equation.
Highly efficient Cu(ii)-pyrazoledicarboxylate heterogeneous catalysts for a base-free aerobic oxidation of benzylic alcohol to benzaldehyde with hydrogen peroxide as the oxidant
Authors: Cheng Mei-Ling , Qin Meng-Na , Sun Lin , Liu Lu , Liu Qi , Tang Xiao-Yan
Published: May 2020

A Cu(ii)-pyrazoledicarboxylate MOF displayed high activity and selectivity in the base-free oxidation of benzyl alcohol to benzaldehyde combined with H2O2.
A porcine acellular dermal matrix induces human fibroblasts to secrete hyaluronic acid by activating JAK2/STAT3 signalling
Authors: Liu Chao , Sun Jiao
Published: May 2020

By activating the JAK2/STAT3 pathway, 3D-GF-PADM induces the production of hyaluronic acid in human fibroblasts.
Conjugated polymer donor–molecular acceptor nanohybrids for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution
Authors: Yang Haofan , Li Xiaobo , Sprick Reiner Sebastian , Cooper Andrew I.
Published: May 2020

Learning from OPV: Highly efficient nanohybrid photocatalysts that combine conjugated polymer donors with molecular acceptors was discovered for photocatalytic sacrificial hydrogen evolution reaction.
Dehydroxyalkylative halogenation of C(aryl)–C bonds of aryl alcohols
Authors: Liu Mingyang , Zhang Zhanrong , Liu Huizhen , Wu Tianbin , Han Buxing
Published: May 2020

Aryl alcohols which acted as aromatic electrophilic and radical synthetic equivalents were effectively converted to aryl halides via Cu mediated side-directed dehydroxyalkylative halogenation of C(aryl)–C bonds.
BAs nanotubes with non-circular cross section shapes for gas sensors
Authors: Dai Xinyue , Jiang Yanyan , Li Hui
Published: May 2020

Electronic transport properties of circular and elliptical BAs nanotubes before and after encapsulation of water.
Internally functionalized multifaceted organochalcogen compounds
Authors: Jain Vimal K.
Published: May 2020

Internally functionalized multifaceted organochalcogen compounds have been designed and their ligand chemistry has been developed. The palladium complexes show remarkable homogeneous catalytic activity.
N3-Ligated nickel(ii) diketonate complexes: synthesis, characterization and evaluation of O2 reactivity
Authors: Elsberg Josiah G. D. , Peterson Austin , Fuller Amy L. , Berreau Lisa M.
Published: May 2020

N3-Ligated Ni(ii) diketonate complexes are air stable and do not exhibit oxidative cleavage within the diketonate ligand under aerobic conditions.
Altering the nature of coupling by changing the oxidation state in a {Mn6} cage
Authors: Tandon Swetanshu , Venkatesan Munuswamy , Schmitt Wolfgang , Watson Graeme W.
Published: May 2020

We investigate the switch from antiferromagnetic to ferromagnetic coupling upon oxidation in a {Mn6} complex and determine the nature of couplingviadifferent ligand bridges using a novel methodology.
Luminescent Zn(ii) and Cd(ii) complexes with chiral 2,2′-bipyridine ligands bearing natural monoterpene groups: synthesis, speciation in solution and photophysics
Authors: Kokina Tatyana E. , Rakhmanova Marianna I. , Shekhovtsov Nikita A. , Glinskaya Ludmila A. , Komarov Vladislav Y. , Agafontsev Alexander M. , Baranov Andrey Y. , Plyusnin Pavel E. , Sheludyakova Liliya A. , Tkachev Alexey V. , Bushuev Mark B.
Published: May 2020

Coordination of chiral ligands containing a 2,2′-bipyridine moiety and natural terpene (+)-limonene or (+)-3-carene groups to zinc(ii) and cadmium(ii) leads to excitation wavelength dependent emission.
Halogenated isophthalamides and dipicolineamides: the role of the halogen substituents in the anion binding properties
Authors: Picci Giacomo , Bazzicalupi Carla , Coles Simon J. , Gratteri Paola , Isaia Francesco , Lippolis Vito , Montis Riccardo , Murgia Sergio , Nocentini Alessio , Orton James B. , Caltagirone Claudia
Published: May 2020

A novel family of amide-based receptors is herein described.
Catalytic synthesis of methacrolein via the condensation of formaldehyde and propionaldehyde with l-proline
Authors: Yu Jiayuan , Jensen Anker Degn , Wang Lei , Li Chunshan , Zhang Suojiang
Published: May 2020

l-proline acts as an efficient catalyst for the condensation reaction to synthesize methacrolein under mild condition.
Advances in the green chemistry of coordination polymer materials
Authors: Engel Emile R. , Scott Janet L.
Published: May 2020

A perspective on the development of coordination polymers based on sustainable benign ligands and metals, and green synthesis.
Mineralisation within human tooth cementum identified by secondary ion mass spectrometry
Authors: Edinborough Marija , Pilgrim Matthew , Fearn Sarah , Cvetković Andrijana , Mihailović Branko , Grbić Rade , Edinborough Kevan
Published: May 2020

Calcium ions intensity depletion identified in tooth cementum of a patient with six documented full-term pregnancies, using ToF-SIMS.
Parylene-C coated microporous PDMS structure protecting from functional deconditioning of platelets exposed to cardiostimulants
Authors: Kim Hyojae , Jang Yeongseok , Jung Jinmu , Oh Jonghyun
Published: May 2020

The cardiostimulant-induced deconditioning of platelet physical activity can be overcome with the microporous structure of S-PPXC.
First principles study of SiC as the anode in sodium ion batteries
Authors: Majid Abdul , Hussain Khuzaima , Ud-Din Khan Salah , Ud-Din Khan Shahab
Published: May 2020

The application of sodium ion batteries (NIB) for use as rechargeable energy storage devices is yet under research due to limited knowledge on electrode materials.
Hypoxia and temperature dual-stimuli-responsive random copolymers: facile synthesis, self-assembly and controlled release of drug
Authors: Ji Chenming , Deng Yinlu , Yuan Hua , Wu Yongzhen , Yuan Weizhong
Published: May 2020

The micelles self-assembled from P(NIPAM-co-AA-co-NIA) copolymers presented hypoxia and temperature dual-stimuli-responsive properties and a controlled release of drug was achieved using them.
Sequential deletion of CD63 identifies topologically distinct scaffolds for surface engineering of exosomes in living human cells
Authors: Curley Natalie , Levy Daniel , Do Mai Anh , Brown Annie , Stickney Zachary , Marriott Gerard , Lu Biao
Published: May 2020

The native exosome transmembrane protein, CD63 can be modified for surface engineering applications.
Promising modulation of self-assembled Ge-rich QDs by ultra-heavy phosphorus doping
Authors: Zhang Ningning , Chen Peizong , Peng Kun , Zhang Lijian , Liu Tao , Yan Jia , Jiang Zuimin , Zhong Zhenyang
Published: May 2020

Ultra-heavy phosphorus doping substantially modulates the growth and properties of self-assembled Ge-rich QDs, particularly resulting in a type-I band alignment.
Single molecule binding of a ligand to a G-protein-coupled receptor in real time using fluorescence correlation spectroscopy, rendered possible by nano-encapsulation in styrene maleic acid lipid particles
Authors: Grime Rachael L. , Goulding Joelle , Uddin Romez , Stoddart Leigh A. , Hill Stephen J. , Poyner David R. , Briddon Stephen J. , Wheatley Mark
Published: May 2020

Combining the technologies of encapsulation of GPCRs in SMA lipid particles with fluorescence correlation spectroscopy provides a versatile characterisation platform.
Large excitonic effect on van der Waals interaction between two-dimensional semiconductors
Authors: Yang Jiabao , Liu Xiaofei , Guo Wanlin
Published: May 2020

Electron–hole interaction has an exceptionally large effect on the long-range van der Waals energy between two-dimensional semiconductors.
The intermolecular anthracene-transfer in a regiospecific antipodal C60difunctionalization
Authors: Talmazan Radu A. , Liedl Klaus R. , Kräutler Bernhard , Podewitz Maren
Published: May 2020

The topochemically controlled regiospecific antipodal C60difunctionalization proceedsviaan ‘inverted sandwich’ with double-decker π–π-stacking interactions.
Diastereoselective synthesis of spiro-cyclopropanyl-cyclohexadienones via direct sulfide-catalyzed [2 + 1] annulation of para-quinone methides with bromides
Authors: Su Yingpeng , Zhao Yanan , Chang Bingbing , Ling Qinqin , Feng Yawei , Zhao Xiaolong , Huang Danfeng , Wang Ke-Hu , Huo Congde , Hu Yulai
Published: May 2020

A sulfide-catalyzed [2 + 1] annulation of para-quinone methides with diverse bromides was disclosed to access appealing spiro-cyclopropanyl-cyclohexadienones with high diastereoselectivity.
Chemiluminescent self-reporting supramolecular transformations on macromolecular scaffolds
Authors: Geiselhart Christina M. , Mutlu Hatice , Tzvetkova Pavleta , Barner-Kowollik Christopher
Published: May 2020

We introduce the synthesis of a self-reporting system with chemiluminescent output, which is regulated via dynamic supramolecular complex formation.
Accessible and sustainable Cu(0)-mediated radical polymerisation for the functionalisation of surfaces
Authors: Uttley Oliver Frank , Brummitt Leonie Alice , Worrall Stephen David , Edmondson Steve
Published: May 2020

Towards use of environmentally benign solvents and ambient conditions for surface functionalisation by controlled growth of thick cationic polymer brushes.
Enhanced electrochemical performance of MoS2/graphene nanosheet nanocomposites
Authors: Choi Jin-Hyeok , Kim Min-Cheol , Moon Sang-Hyun , Kim Hyeona , Kim Yo-Seob , Park Kyung-Won
Published: May 2020

MoS2/GNS 8 : 2 with an appropriate portion of GNS exhibited the best LIB performance, due to the lowest interfacial resistance and highest Li-ion diffusivity.
PI3K inhibitors: review and new strategies
Authors: Zhang Mingzhen , Jang Hyunbum , Nussinov Ruth
Published: May 2020

The search is on for effective specific inhibitors for PI3Kα mutants.
Enhancing ade novoenzyme activity by computationally-focused ultra-low-throughput screening
Authors: Risso Valeria A. , Romero-Rivera Adrian , Gutierrez-Rus Luis I. , Ortega-Muñoz Mariano , Santoyo-Gonzalez Francisco , Gavira Jose A. , Sanchez-Ruiz Jose M. , Kamerlin Shina C. L.
Published: May 2020

De novoenzymes capable of efficiently catalysis of a non-natural reaction are obtained through minimalist design plus computationally-focused variant library screening.
In-plane intergrowth CoS2/MoS2 nanosheets: binary metal–organic framework evolution and efficient alkaline HER electrocatalysis
Authors: Liu Peng , Yan Jianyue , Mao Jianxin , Li Jiawen , Liang Dongxue , Song Wenbo
Published: May 2020

Bi-metallic MOF-derived in-plane intergrowth CoS2/MoS2 ultrathin nanosheets exhibit ultralow overpotential and long-term stability for alkaline HER electrocatalysis.
Simulation-directed amplifiable nanoparticle enhanced quantitative scattering assay under low magnification dark field microscopy
Authors: Sun Dali , Yang Li , Lyon Christopher J. , Hu Tony
Published: May 2020

A tunable linker-based signal amplification strategy yielding 6-fold enhanced sensitivity for low magnification dark-field quantitative assays.
Meso-Zn(ii)porphyrins of tailored functional groups for intensifying the photoacoustic signal
Authors: Yasin Amina , Nair Vijayakumar S. , Assa Aravindh S. , Sarkar Shaheen M. , Hatamimoslehabadi Maryam , Mitra Somak , Ab Rahim Mohd Hasbi , La Jeffrey , Roqan Iman S. , Yusoff Mashitah M. , Yelleswarapu Chandra S. , Jose Rajan
Published: May 2020

Porphyrins of systematically varying photoacoustic emission are designed by DFT and synthesized by controlling their molecular structures.
A novel l-cysteine regulated polydopamine nanoparticle-based electrochemiluminescence image application
Authors: Zhang Xin , Nie Yixin , Zhang Qian , Liang Zihui , Ma Qiang
Published: May 2020

In this work, novel l-cysteine regulated polydopamine nanoparticles (PDAcp NPs) with excellent electrochemiluminescence (ECL) behavior were synthesized.
Miniaturised wide tuning‐range four‐way quasi‐lumped‐element filtering power divider
Authors: Liu Shicheng , Zhang Gang , Ding Zeyu , Zhang Zhuowei
Published: May 2020

This Letter presents a miniaturised wide tuning‐range four‐way filtering power divider (FPD). It is mainly developed by integrating a co‐shared varactor‐loaded quasi‐lumped‐element dual‐mode resonator and an isolation resistor, achieving a wide tuning power division ratio (PDR) and centre frequency (CF) simultaneously. The presented tunable four‐way FPD stands out from those in the literature, by both its improved performance (wider tuning range for PDR and CF with nice isolation and matching) and ultra‐compact design layout. To validate the design concept, a reconfigurable prototype is designed, fabricated, and tested. Measured results will coincide with the simulated ones.
Exploring the relationship between hypertension and nutritional ingredients intake with machine learning
Authors: Liu Yu , Li Shijie , Jiang Huaiyan , Wang Junfeng
Published: May 2020

Hypertension is a chronic disease that can harm the health of many people. Though hypertension may be caused by many factors, the diet has been recognised as a factor, which can seriously impact hypertension. In this Letter, the authors explore the relationship between the nutritional ingredients and hypertension with machine learning methods. They design a prediction scheme, which is constructed by nutritional ingredients data conversion, feature selection, classifiers etc. To choose the proper classifier, the performance of several classification algorithms are compared. Based on their experimental results, XGboost is used as the classifier in their scheme as it obtains the highest accuracy (84.9%) and .
Characterisation of the impacts of autonomous driving on highway capacity in a mixed traffic environment: an agent‐based approach
Authors: Abdulsattar Harith , Siam Mohammad Rayeedul Kalam , Wang Haizhong
Published: May 2020

The current planning and operational analysis tools utilised by researchers and practitioners for transportation facilities evaluation purposes are limited in their relevance to evaluate the future impact of connected and automated vehicles (CAVs). Since CAV technologies are becoming more prevalent on the market, the adaptation of the conventional methodologies to estimate highway performance is becoming essential to accommodate these technologies. This study tries to fill up this gap in the literature by formulating capacity analysis model estimate the potential impacts of CAVs on the capacity of highways at different market penetration (MP) levels of CAVs. The developed analytical model would present itself as a guideline to transportation agencies while developing CAV‐based transportation infrastructure. Later, this study proposes an agent‐based modelling and simulation framework to address the heterogeneity of drivers behaviour and the potential impact of CAVs on highway traffic performance under different MP levels. Results showed that deploying CAVs in the traffic stream has the potential to double the capacity of the highway corridor at high MP levels. The results show CAV operation and implementation readiness for both public agencies as well as state Departments of Transportation or private industries in the future.
Robust immune particle filter design for terrain‐referenced navigation with interferometric radar altimeter
Authors: Kang Suktae , Han Kyung Jun , Yu Myeong‐Jong
Published: May 2020

Although interferometric radar altimeter (IRA) provides accurate three‐dimensional terrain information, it is difficult to eliminate some IRA uncertainties by signal processing. This calls for a filter that possesses strong robustness against outliers. An auxiliary particle filter (APF), which can be used to perform terrain referenced navigation using IRA technology as an alternative to an integrated navigation system using a global navigation satellite system, can mitigate the effect of outliers by introducing auxiliary variables. To improve APF robustness, the authors propose an immune APF, which introduces an artificial immune system to enhance outlier performance by replacing inferior particles with superior particles. The mutation process is applied to obtain particle diversity using a regularised kernel. Monte Carlo simulation results verify the robustness of the proposed filter.
Concentration of heavy metals and metalloids in the bottom sediments of the Vilkitsky Island’s lakes (the Kara Sea)
Authors: Agbalyan Elena , Krasnenko Aleksander , Shinkaruk Elena
Published: May 2020

We performed this study in order to obtain relevant data about the actual ecological status of the lakes in remote areas of the Russian Arctic. The objective was to determine the level of technogenic pollution of bottom sediments in the lakes on the Vilkitsky island in the Kara Sea. To this end, we examined 8 of the island’s small lakes. The content of heavy metals and metalloids (Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, As, Y, Nb) in the samples of bottom sediments was determined using the method of Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence (EDXRF). The total pollution value in the examined bottom sediments varied from Zc = 9.5 to Zc = 15.3. The maximum level of pollution was found in Lake 4 located in an anthropogenically disturbed area due to the levels of Cr, Co, Ni, As, Y, Nb.
Risk assessment of ice-melter reagents for urban plants
Authors: Baeva Yulia , Chernykh Natalia , Shmerko Sofia , Stepnova Varvara
Published: May 2020

The paper assessed the phytotoxicity of the most frequently used ice-melter reagents in Moscow (sand and salt mixture, anti-freeze reagent based on a composition of calcium and sodium chloride, technical salt), snow with varying degrees of contamination of the remnants of ice-melter reagents, as well as soil after the snow cover melting. The toxicity assessment was carried out in the samples taken on the lawns along the roads in nine administrative districts of the city in places with the same anthropogenic load. The test object is oat seeds (Avena sativa), as a sensitive biotest showing the most stable and reproducible data compared to seeds from other crops. Salt solutions of reagents with dilution rates of 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10, melted snow and soil extracts were used for biotesting. The phytotoxic effect was determined by comparing the average root length of control and prototype seeds. It was found that all studied ice-melter reagents have a pronounced toxic effect on oat plants even at tenfold dilution. The phytotoxic effect of snow and soil polluted with ice-melter substances, which in turn inherits the chemical composition of snow cover after its melting, was shown.
Assessment of heavy metals in modern bottom sediments on the Karadag seashore
Authors: Drygval Anna , Drygval Polina , Stanis Elena , Maltsev Vladimir
Published: May 2020

The work presents the results of quantitative assessment of heavy metals (HM) content in bottom sediments of the coastal zone near the Karadag nature Reserve. The data were obtained as a result of field studies in 2016-2018. Estimated СС and Cо coefficients and Zc were calculated. It was shown that arsenic concentration limits were exceeded everywhere in the samples. The nickel, lead, copper and zinc limits were found to have been exceeded in some locations. Ecological and geochemical assessment of water and bottom sediments quality in the section of Karadag water area has been made.
Identification of the state of the soil-plant systems on the RUDN-University campus (based on PAH concentrations)
Authors: Khaustov Aleksandr , Redina Margarita , Kenzhin Zhandos , Gabov Dmitry , Yakovleva Evgeniya
Published: May 2020

The environmental state of soil-plant systems under the condition of technogenic pressure has been demonstrated on the example of the social significant territory in the city of Moscow – the campus of the RUDN University. The assessment is based on the analyses of the environmental fate of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in soil, roots and aerial parts of plants of bluegrass meadow: Naphthalene (Naph), Fluorene (Fluorene), Phenanthrene (Phen), Anthracene (An), Fluoranthene (Flu), Pyrene (Py), Chrysene (Chr), Benzo[a]anthracene (BaA), Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), Benzo[b]fluoranthene (BbFlu), Benzo[k]fluoranthene (BkFlu), Benzo[ghi]perylene (Bghi), Indeno[1, 2, 3-cd[pyrene (IP), Dibenzo[a, h]anthracene (DBa). These pollutants are considered as geochemical markers and reflect quite detailed the integral state of soil-plant systems. As a result, the zones with relative prosperous and with critical state are identified. The connection between physicochemical characteristics (log Kow) of pollutants and their accumulation activity (concentration coefficients) is confirmed.
Analysis of dynamic of tropospheric ozone and nitrogen dioxide in the highest region of the Quito city
Authors: Salazar Cristian , Mullo Freddy
Published: May 2020

A descriptive study of behavior of daily concentrations of ozone (O3) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in the period from January 2017 to December 2019 was conducted with the purpose to describe air pollution in the south of the city of Quito. The data collected was processed using the Excel and SPSS v25. The statistical analysis included central tendency values, percentages of violation of the threshold limit value (TLV), maximum values and 25th, 75th and 95th percentiles. The correlation between pollutants was evaluated using the Spearman’s Rho coefficient. Multiple linear regression models were made for each pollutant and meteorological variables (wind speed and mean ambient temperature). Inverse moderate correlation was found between the contaminants analyzed. The daily and monthly concentrations of O3 and NO2 were lower than the TLV, therefore, the air quality in the period studied with respect to the analyzed pollutants is satisfactory.
Interdisciplinary integration on sustainable development issues
Authors: Ermakov Dmitry Sergeyevich , Ermakov Alexander Sergeyevich
Published: May 2020

In order to achieve sustainable development, we need a deep understanding of both social and humanitarian processes and relationships in living and nonliving nature. The development of scientific research areas that are related to sustainability are very important. Unfortunately, sustainable development is not among scientific and technical priorities in Russian Federation. This study analyzes the dynamics of PhD and Doctoral dissertations on sustainable development performed in various areas of science in the USSR and Russia in 1987–2019. The majority of dissertations (1 322 in total ) were in the area of economics (85.4 %), while significantly fewer were in philosophy (2.9 %), technical (2.3%), and geographical (2.2 %) sciences. There are almost no dissertations in the fields of biological and chemical sciences, pharmaceutics and medicine. Our data indicate a significant imbalance and economic bias in the study of sustainable development issues. In this regard, it can be assumed that interdisciplinarity, which can be implemented in the framework of convergent and transdisciplinary approaches, is one of important methodological problem of sustainable development. Examples of relevant interdisciplinary projects are considered.
Fast screening of some flavonoids content in raw plant materials: opportunities of 1H NMR spectroscopy
Authors: Kalabin Gennady , Vasil’ev Vasilii , Ivlev Vasilii , Babkin Vasilii
Published: May 2020

Environmental monitoring and assessment of the prospects for extracting biologically active substances (BAS) from various types of plant biomass requires the development of simple and fast methods for measuring their content in raw materials. A new approach for measuring the content of various flavonoids groups in plant raw material using 1H NMR spectroscopy has been developed, which allows to characterize its resource capabilities and study the effects on their composition different environmental factors without complex sample preparation and standard samples.
The effect of No-till technology on the mineral nitrogen content in the Lower Don Chernozem
Authors: Medvedeva Anna , Buryukova Olga , Ilchenko Yaroslav , Minkina Tatyana , Kamenev Roman , Gülser Coşkun
Published: May 2020

The paper presents the results of a five-year study of the impact of various agricultural technologies (No-till, minimum and traditional using moldboard ploughing) on the content of mineral nitrogen in Haplic Chernozem in southern zone of Rostov Region. It has been revealed that the content of ammonium and nitrate nitrogen in the winter wheat areas cultivated by various agricultural technologies does not significantly change in samples collected both in spring and in summer. However, the content of nitrate nitrogen under resource-saving technologies (both minimum and Notill) has been higher than under ploughing throughout the whole period of study. The trend identified has not been mathematically confirmed. Nevertheless, the impact of No-till technology on the intensity of ammonification and nitrification should not be unequivocally denied, since a significant amount of mineral nitrogen is extracted by crops, and their crop yields under minimum and zero tillage was higher, than when ploughing was applied.
Determining the environmental situation as a factor in the differentiation of housing prices in Nur-Sultan by using the Analytic Hierarchy Process
Authors: Akhmedinova Kamila
Published: May 2020

Modern cities, being centers of intellectual activity, trade, culture, science and development, are becoming places of attraction for people. It is in urban conditions that the economic and social evolution of man takes place. At the same time, as urbanization grows, a number of problems arise, including environmental ones. Therefore, it is necessary to take environmental factors into account when planning urban development, housing construction and creating infrastructure. This study is devoted to the application of the method of hierarchy of stochastic systems using the technology of geographic information systems, allowing to assess the adequacy of the cost of housing in relation to the environmental situation in the city of Nur-Sultan.
About the reasons for the rare plant species disappearance in the Upper Volga region
Authors: Borisova Elena , Konotop Nikita , Vinogradova Julia , Markov Dmitriy , Sivukhin Alexey
Published: May 2020

The problems of the extinction of aquatic plant species in Ivanovo region glacial lakes are discussed. As a result of research a sharp decrease in the number of rare hydrophytes (Elatine hydropiper, Isoetes lacustris, I. echinospora, Sparganium gramineum) has been established. The reasons are complex, they are associated with the eutrophication of ponds, heavy metals soil pollution, uncontrolled recreational loads and Elodea canadensis invaded into lake ecosystems. The ecological niche of Sparganium gramineum in the lakes is occupied by S. × longifolium, the hybridogenic origin of which is proved by modern molecular genetic analysis.
Assessment of ecological status of street plantings in Lipetsk city
Authors: Parakhina Elena , Silaeva Zhanna , Kiseleva Ludmila , Zhidkova Elena
Published: May 2020

The purpose of the work is to evaluate the ecological state of the prevailing species of woody plants in the city of Lipetsk and to elaborate recommendations for improving green spaces. There were examined thirty street landscaping facilities, including 8537 trees. In the course of the study, there were identified five classes of trees vitality. There were also calculated the average scores of the prevailing tree species and the overall ratio of the city street plantings. As a result of the study, there were identified 31 species of trees. 14.5% of the surveyed trees were classified as “healthy” by vital condition. The “weakened trees” group got 38.8 %. “Severely weakened” group counted 24.7%. The category” shrinking” trees had 19.2%. Completely dry woody plants scored 2.8%. Based on the obtained data, there were made recommendations how to improve the sustainability of green spaces in an urbanized environment.
About the role of environmental factors in carcinogenesis
Authors: Pinaev Sergey K. , Pinaeva Olga G. , Chizhov Alexey Ya.
Published: May 2020

There were found out the connections of the activity of the Sun and smoke of forest fires with the incidence of various forms of benign and malignant neoplasms in the population of young children 0-4 years old, in Khabarovsk Region, Russia. Thus, it was determined that so-called “sporadic” fluctuations in the incidence of neoplasms in the child population are not random. They are caused by long multi-year cycles of changes in the complex of environmental factors. The authors identified this phenomenon as “Alternative oncogenesis”, meaning by it the predominant occurrence of various forms of neoplasms in a certain period of time due to a change in the parameters of the complex of environmental factors. A proposed hypothesis is: ecologically linked oxidative stress as a cause of the epigenomic modulation leading to an imbalance between semaphorins and integrins that brings to oncogenesis.
Physiological Evaluation of the Cardiology System of Nonresident Students at Different Training Periods
Authors: Mayorova Yana , Glebov Viktor , Erofeeva Viktoriya , Yablochnikov Sergey , Laver Bogdan
Published: May 2020

The article provides a physiological assessment of the state of the cardiovascular system of students in different periods of the academic year. The study was conducted on a sample of 311 nonresident and Moscow students. An analysis of the spectral characteristics of HRV showed that during the examination session the total power of the spectrum decreased compared with the indicators during the training session. During the intercessional period, the total spectrum power in the studied group of students amounted to 4856.34 ± 645 ms2, and during the examination session this indicator decreased by 35.8% and amounted to 3119.41 ± 522 ms2. A comparative analysis of the HRV activity wave spectrum of the studied student sample showed significant changes (p <0.05) of students’ functional state indicators (SDNN, LF, HF, LF / HF; SI, ARS). According to the studied indicators, a growth trend was noted: (SDNN: from 43.89 ± 8.12 to 78.03 ± 3.86; LF: 27.78 ± 7.33 42.56 ± 4.51; LF / HF: 0.67 ± 0.03 1.72 ± 0.02; SI: 102.95 ± 11.3 467.77 ± 6.1; ARS: 1-2 ± 0.12 5-7 ± 0.01 ) and a decrease in HF (41.74 ± 5.3 to 24.67 ± 2.94).
Effects of Almaty city ecological factors on students blood indices
Authors: Baidaulet Tilek , Ydyrys Alibek , Imanaliyeva Moldir , Askarova Zifa , Srailova Gulziya , Murzakhmetova Maira , Tuleukhanov Sultan
Published: May 2020

This research gives an insight into the main features of the cardiovascular system’s statistical and dynamic, as well as young local and foreign citizens in Almaty city adaptation indices. 1500 analysis of blood indices was carried out before and after the physical workload. Hematological research were carried out based on N. M. Mykolayiv method and included the erythrocytes and leukocytes count in peripheral blood vessel and absolute number of lymphocytes . Foreign students’ absolute amount of leukocytes and erythrocytes in the peripheral blood vessels and the phagocytic activity of neutrophil were different from local students’ indices.
“Green neology” and its role in environmental education (a media discourse approach)
Authors: Guslyakova Alla , Valeeva Nailya , Vatkova Olga
Published: May 2020

The article covers the problem of ecological neologisms which mostly appear in the present-day media discourse space and actively function there by making a significant impact on people’s environmental worldview. Moreover, the research also raises the problem of neologisms as an effective educational instrument for raising human ecological awareness. A comparative analysis of the most popular neologisms circulated in the Russian, British and American media discourse space is introduced in the study. Finally, it is suggested that green neology in its close correlation with media ecology provide a foundation for building and developing a new ecosystemic society with more sustainable ideology towards the future of the planet.
Regional case study of Sustainable Development Goals implementation: Informal education and third mission of universities
Authors: Vologzhina Sayana , Ryazanova Natalya , Eroshenko Vasily
Published: May 2020

The aim of the study is to introduce practical experience and explore the possibilities of sustainable development ideology in the region and to involve youth activists in international processes of regional reflection. Objectives: research of possibilities of youth organizations and universities in realization of non-formal education for overcoming environmental problems in the region; development of practical experience in realization of environmental education for sustainable development (ESD); development of pedagogical technology for non-formal work; creation of pedagogical model of interaction of different segments of youth organizations. Methodology: creation of the World Water Forum youth model. Work directions: adaptation of the international agenda to the regional one (Baikal region) and creation of the pedagogical model of practice-oriented work of youth communities for implementation of the third mission of HEIs. Regional ministries, youth government of Irkutsk region, colleges and universities of the region were involved in the model development. As a result of the thematic groups’ work, an inventory of the region’s problems was made by the activities of each working group; lists of the most promising areas of work to improve the environmental and social situation in the region were compiled; and road maps to achieve the set goals for up to 5 years were developed.
EFC Activity: Highlights 2019
Authors: Illaire Hélène
Published: May 2020

The European Federation of Corrosion (EFC) amalgamates associations and companies in Europe and beyond with common interests in corrosion. Its aim is to advance the science of corrosion and protection of materials by promoting cooperation in Europe and collaboration internationally. In January 2020, the EFC counted 38 member organisations (Member Societies and Affiliate Members), representing the corrosion interests of more than 25 000 engineers and scientists.

The EFC is proud to present below some highlights of its activities during the year 2019, and will continue to promote the interests of its members in 2020 and beyond.
Withdrawn: The effect of capacity constraint on pricing decision and coordination contract in recycling channels
Authors: Xu Lang , Shi Jia
Published: May 2020

This article has been withdrawn at the request of the authors, who did not approve the publication in a supplementary issue.
The Publisher apologizes for the inconvenience this is causing.
Mikrochirurgische Penisrekonstruktion bei Intersexualität und nach Peniskarzinom
Authors: Schloßhauer T , Kueenzlen L , Spennato S , Bozkurt A , Sohn M , Rieger UM
Published: May 2020

Hintergrund Ziele einer Phalloplastik sind ein möglichst natürliches Erscheinungsbild im Nacktzustand, die Fähigkeit zur Miktion im Stehen und die Kohabitationsfähigkeit. Die vorliegende Arbeit stellt zwei seltenere Indikationen und Techniken dar, die Phalloplastik mittels freier A. radialis-Lappenplastik vom nicht dominanten Unterarm bei Intersexualität sowie nach Penisamputation infolge eines Peniskarzinoms.

Patienten und Methoden In unserer Klinik wurden im Verlauf der letzten Jahre zahlreiche Phalloplastiken bei transidenten Personen nach Gottlieb und Levine mittels freier A. radialis-Lappenplastik des nicht dominanten Unterarmes durchgeführt. Diese Technik hat jedoch ebenso ihre Bedeutung zur Penoidkonstruktion bei nicht transidenten Personen. Zwei Patienten werden detailliert hinsichtlich der Indikationsstellung und OP Technik betrachtet und wurden multimodal nachuntersucht. Bei Fall 1 handelt es sich um einen 35-jährigen genetisch männlichen Patienten mit Mikropenis bei Pseudohermaphroditismus masculinus und Androgenresistenz. Bei Fall 2 handelt es sich um einen 51-jährigen Patienten, bei dem aufgrund eines Peniskarzinoms eine Penisteilamputation auf Höhe der Peniswurzel notwendig war. Nach Rezidivfreiheit von 1,5 Jahren erfolgte die Penisrekonstruktion nach kompletter Resektion des noch vorhandenen Restpenis und der Restschwellkörper. Beide Patienten wurden 15 Monate postoperativ hinsichtlich der Sensorik der Phalloplastik und der Einschränkungen im Bereich der Lappenhebestelle multimodal nachuntersucht.

Ergebnisse Bei beiden Patienten, mit unterschiedlichen Indikationen, konnten ästhetische und hinsichtlich der Miktion funktionell akzeptable Phalloplastiken mittels freier A. radialis-Lappenplastik erzielt werden. Die multimodale Nachuntersuchung 15 Monate postoperativ ergab relevante Unterschiede in den sensorischen Befunden beider Patienten, die in der unterschiedlichen Anatomie der Reinnervation begründet sind.

Schlussfolgerung In mikrochirurgisch versierten Abteilungen kann auch bei den gezeigten selteneren Indikationen die Technik der A. radialis-Phalloplastik nach Gottlieb und Levine erfolgreich angewendet werden, d. h. ein zufriedenstellendes Ergebnis in Bezug auf Funktion und Ästhetik erreicht werden. Die gezeigten Komplikationen unterscheiden sich nicht von der Anwendung der Phalloplastik bei transidenten Patienten.
Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) – Ausbruch in Nordrhein-Westfalen (Kreis Heinsberg) – Erstdiagnose einer COVID-19-Infektion bei einem Ehepaar
Authors: Laufs Jendrik , Elsbernd Harry , Hölzl Friedrich , Winter Klaus-Dieter
Published: May 2020

Anamnese und klinischer Befund Bis zum 24.02.2020 vereinzelt auftretende, nicht schwerverlaufende SARS-CoV-2-Infektionen in Deutschland. Notfallmäßige Vorstellung eines Ehepaars in der zentralen Notaufnahme. Der Mann gibt an, seit 7 Tagen an hochfieberhaften Temperaturen, trockenem Reizhusten und körperlicher Schwäche zu leiden, während die Ehefrau ähnliche Symptome in milderer Ausprägung bietet. In der klinischen Untersuchung fallen feinblasige Rasselgeräusche über beiden Lungen beider Patienten und eine respiratorische Insuffizienz des Ehemanns auf.

Untersuchungen und Diagnose Laborserologisch Erhöhung der Inflammationsparameter sowie der Transaminasen und der Laktatdehydrogenase. Röntgenologisch pulmonale Infiltrate unterschiedlicher Ausprägung bei beiden Patienten. Im weiteren Verlauf Nachweis einer SARS-CoV-2-Infektion der Ehepartner mit schwerem Verlauf beim männlichen Patienten.

Therapie und Verlauf Intubation und Beatmung des männlichen Patienten bei mittelschwerem ARDS mit langer intensivmedizinischer Behandlung. Genesung der weiblichen Patientin unter Sauerstofftherapie.

Diskussion Diese beiden Fälle zeigen den Ausgangspunkt einer endemischen Verbreitung von SARS-CoV-2 im Landkreis Heinsberg (NRW) und bis zu diesem Zeitpunkt den ersten Fall eines lebensbedrohlichen Verlaufs in Deutschland.
Artemisiae Iwayomogii Herba Inhibits Growth, Motility, and the PI3K/AKT/mTOR Signaling Pathway in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells
Authors: Kim Juyoung , Jung Kyung Hee , Choi Jin Gyu , Oh Myung Sook , Hong Soon-Sun
Published: May 2020

Artemisia gmelinii (Artemisia iwayomogi) has been used in traditional medicine to cure various infectious diseases such as cholecystitis, hepatitis, and jaundice. In this study, the Artemisiae Iwayomogii Herba ethanol extract was investigated for the ability to inhibit growth of hepatocellular carcinoma and its underlying mechanism involved. The antiproliferative effect of Artemisiae Iwayomogii Herba ethanol extract was evaluated using cell viability and proliferation assays. The effect of Artemisiae Iwayomogii Herba ethanol extract on apoptosis was measured using western blotting, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin end labeling staining, JC-1 staining, cytochrome c release, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence in ex vivo mouse xenografts. Artemisiae Iwayomogii Herba ethanol extract inhibited hepatocellular carcinoma cell growth and proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. The apoptotic effect of Artemisiae Iwayomogii Herba ethanol extract was observed via increased levels of cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved PARP, as well as elevated numbers of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin end labeling-positive apoptotic cells. Artemisiae Iwayomogii Herba ethanol extract also decreased XIAP and Mcl-1 expression via loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. Additionally, Artemisiae Iwayomogii Herba ethanol extract inhibited hepatocellular carcinoma cell invasion and migration. In the ex vivo model, Artemisiae Iwayomogii Herba ethanol extract significantly inhibited tumor cell proliferation and increased the number of apoptotic cells with more activated cleaved caspase-3. A mechanistic study revealed that Artemisiae Iwayomogii Herba ethanol extract effectively suppressed the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Our findings demonstrate that Artemisiae Iwayomogii Herba ethanol extract can efficiently induce apoptosis and inhibit the growth, migration, and invasion of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells, and simultaneously block PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. We therefore suggest Artemisiae Iwayomogii Herba ethanol extract as a novel natural agent for prevention and therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma.
Phenolic-rich Pomegranate Peel Extract: In Vitro, Cellular, and In Vivo Activities for Skin Hyperpigmentation Treatment
Authors: Kanlayavattanakul Mayuree , Chongnativisit Wichayada , Chaikul Puxvadee , Lourith Nattaya
Published: May 2020

The pomegranate phenolics are reported to have cutaneous benefits and to be effective in treating skin disorders, including hyperpigmentation. In this context, a preparation method was developed by which to obtain phenolic-rich pomegranate peel extract. Sinapic acid was presented as the major pomegranate peel phenolics, followed by gallic and ellagic acids, and 4 additional phenolics. The extract exhibited strong antioxidant activity with an in vitro tyrosinase inhibitory effect. The skin hyperpigmentation treating potency was confirmed by the suppression of cellular melanogenesis through tyrosinase and TRP-2 inhibitions as examined in the B16F10 melanoma cells. Cellular antioxidant and proliferative activities of the extract toward human dermal fibroblasts were evidenced, as well as an inhibitory effect against MMP-2. The extract was developed into the stable serum and mask. The products were proved to be non-irritated in 30 Thai volunteers participating in a single application closed patch test. A split-face, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled test of the skin lightening effect was evaluated in the 30 volunteers over 28 consecutive daily treatments and monitored by the Mexameter MX 18. The active serum and mask were better in facial skin lightening efficacy than the placebo (p < 0.005). That was in accordance with the sensory evaluation scored by the volunteers. Phenolic-rich pomegranate peel extract is evidenced as a safe herbal derived material promising for skin hyperpigmentation treatment. Supportive information regarding chemical and biological profiles is presented with the confirmed safety and cutaneous benefits in volunteers.