bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Data from Schweinfurthin A Selectively Inhibits Proliferation and Rho Signaling in Glioma and Neurofibromatosis Type 1 Tumor Cells in a NF1-GRD–Dependent Manner
Authors: Turbyville Thomas J. , Gürsel Demirkan B. , Tuskan Robert G. , Walrath Jessica C. , Lipschultz Claudia A. , Lockett Stephen J. , Wiemer David F. , Beutler John A. , Reilly Karlyne M.
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is the most common genetic disease affecting the nervous system. Patients typically develop many tumors over their lifetime, leading to increased morbidity and mortality. The NF1 gene, mutated in NF1, is also commonly mutated in sporadic glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Because both NF1 and GBM are currently incurable, new therapeutic approaches are clearly needed. Natural products represent an opportunity to develop new therapies, as they have been evolutionarily selected to play targeted roles in organisms. Schweinfurthin A is a prenylated stilbene natural product that has previously shown specific inhibitory activity against brain and hematopoietic tumor lines. We show that patient-derived GBM and NF1 malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) lines, as well as tumor lines derived from the Nf1−/+;Trp53−/+ (NPcis) mouse model of astrocytoma and MPNST are highly sensitive to inhibition by schweinfurthin A and its synthetic analogs. In contrast, primary mouse astrocytes are resistant to the growth inhibitory effects of schweinfurthin A, suggesting that schweinfurthin A may act specifically on tumor cells. Stable transfection of the GTPase-activating protein related domain of Nf1 into Nf1−/−;Trp53−/− astrocytoma cells confers resistance to schweinfurthin A. In addition, the profound effect of schweinfurthin A on dynamic reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton led us to discover that schweinfurthin A inhibits growth factor–stimulated Rho signaling. In summary, we have identified a class of small molecules that specifically inhibit growth of cells from both central and peripheral nervous system tumors and seem to act on NF1-deficient cells through cytoskeletal reorganization correlating to changes in Rho signaling. Mol Cancer Ther; 9(5); 1234–43. ©2010 AACR.
Data from SHP and Sin3A expression are essential for adamantyl-substituted retinoid-related molecule–mediated nuclear factor-κB activation, c-Fos/c-Jun expression, and cellular apoptosis
Authors: Farhana Lulu , Dawson Marcia I. , Xu Liping , Dannenberg Jan-Hermen , Fontana Joseph A.
Published: April 2023

Abstract
We previously found that the adamantyl-substituted retinoid-related molecules bind to the small heterodimer partner (SHP) as well as the Sin3A complex. In this report, we delineated the role of SHP and the Sin3A complex in 4-[3′-(1-adamantyl)-4′-hydroxyphenyl]-3-chlorocinnamic acid (3-Cl-AHPC)–mediated inhibition of cell growth and apoptosis. We examined the effect of loss of SHP and Sin3A expression in a number of cell types on 3-Cl-AHPC–mediated growth inhibition and apoptosis induction, 3-Cl-AHPC–mediated nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation, and 3-Cl-AHPC–mediated increase in c-Fos and c-Jun expression. We found that loss of SHP or Sin3A expression, while blocking 3-Cl-AHPC–mediated apoptosis, had little effect on 3-Cl-AHPC inhibition of cellular proliferation. We have previously shown that 3-Cl-AHPC–mediated NF-κB activation is necessary for apoptosis induction. We have now shown that 3-Cl-AHPC–enhanced c-Fos and c-Jun expression is also essential for maximal 3-Cl-AHPC–mediated apoptosis. 3-Cl-AHPC induction of c-Fos and c-Jun expression as well as NF-κB activation was dependent on SHP protein levels. In turn, SHP levels are regulated by Sin3A because ablation of Sin3A resulted in a decrease in SHP expression. Thus, SHP and Sin3A play an important role in adamantyl-substituted retinoid-related induction of cellular apoptosis. [Mol Cancer Ther 2009;8(6):1625–35]
Data from SGX523 is an exquisitely selective, ATP-competitive inhibitor of the MET receptor tyrosine kinase with antitumor activity in vivo
Authors: Buchanan Sean G. , Hendle Jorg , Lee Patrick S. , Smith Christopher R. , Bounaud Pierre-Yves , Jessen Katti A. , Tang Crystal M. , Huser Nanni H. , Felce Jeremy D. , Froning Karen J. , Peterman Marshall C. , Aubol Brandon E. , Gessert Steve F. , Sauder J. Michael , Schwinn Kenneth D. , Russell Marijane , Rooney Isabelle A. , Adams Jason , Leon Barbara C. , Do Tuan H. , Blaney Jeff M. , Sprengeler Paul A. , Thompson Devon A. , Smyth Lydia , Pelletier Laura A. , Atwell Shane , Holme Kevin , Wasserman Stephen R. , Emtage Spencer , Burley Stephen K. , Reich Siegfried H.
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The MET receptor tyrosine kinase has emerged as an important target for the development of novel cancer therapeutics. Activation of MET by mutation or gene amplification has been linked to kidney, gastric, and lung cancers. In other cancers, such as glioblastoma, autocrine activation of MET has been demonstrated. Several classes of ATP-competitive inhibitor have been described, which inhibit MET but also other kinases. Here, we describe SGX523, a novel, ATP-competitive kinase inhibitor remarkable for its exquisite selectivity for MET. SGX523 potently inhibited MET with an IC50 of 4 nmol/L and is >1,000-fold selective versus the >200-fold selectivity of other protein kinases tested in biochemical assays. Crystallographic study revealed that SGX523 stabilizes MET in a unique inactive conformation that is inaccessible to other protein kinases, suggesting an explanation for the selectivity. SGX523 inhibited MET-mediated signaling, cell proliferation, and cell migration at nanomolar concentrations but had no effect on signaling dependent on other protein kinases, including the closely related RON, even at micromolar concentrations. SGX523 inhibition of MET in vivo was associated with the dose-dependent inhibition of growth of tumor xenografts derived from human glioblastoma and lung and gastric cancers, confirming the dependence of these tumors on MET catalytic activity. Our results show that SGX523 is the most selective inhibitor of MET catalytic activity described to date and is thus a useful tool to investigate the role of MET kinase in cancer without the confounding effects of promiscuous protein kinase inhibition. [Mol Cancer Ther 2009;8(12):3181–90]
Data from Double EGFR mutants containing rare EGFR mutant types show reduced in vitro response to gefitinib compared with common activating missense mutations
Authors: Tam Issan Yee-San , Leung Elaine Lai-Han , Tin Vicky Pui-Chi , Chua Daniel Tsin-Tien , Sihoe Alan Dart-Loon , Cheng Lik-Cheung , Chung Lap-Ping , Wong Maria Pik
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations are common in lung adenocarcinomas, especially from nonsmoking women of Asian descent. We have previously shown EGFR mutations occur in >70% of lung adenocarcinoma from nonsmokers in our population with a complex mutational profile, including 13% of EGFR double mutations. In this study, we investigated the in vitro gefitinib response of four EGFR double mutants identified in untreated patients, including Q787R+L858R, E709A+G719C, T790M+L858R, and H870R+L858R. The phosphorylation profiles of EGFR and downstream effectors AKT, STAT3/5, and ERK1/2 were compared by immunoblot analyses among the single and double mutants transfected into H358 cells. Results showed that mutants responded to in vitro gefitinib treatment with different sensitivities. The G719C and L858R single mutants showed the highest gefitinib sensitivity compared with the corresponding coexisting single mutants E709A, Q787R, H870R, and T790M. The double mutants E709A+G719C, Q787R+L858R, and H870R+L858R showed attenuated responses to gefitinib in the EGFR and downstream effector phosphorylation profiles compared with G719C or L858R alone. T790M+L858R showed strong resistance to gefitinib. Clinically, the patient whose tumor contained H870R+L858R showed tumor stabilization by 250 mg oral gefitinib daily but cerebral metastasis developed 6 months later. Correlation with the in vitro phosphorylation profile of H870R+L858R suggested that treatment failure was probably due to inadequate suppression of EGFR signaling by the drug level attainable in the cerebrospinal fluid at the given oral dosage. Overall, the findings suggested that rare types of EGFR substitution mutations could confer relative gefitinib resistance when combined with the common activating mutants. [Mol Cancer Ther 2009;8(8):2142–51]
Data from A Human Monoclonal Anti-ANG2 Antibody Leads to Broad Antitumor Activity in Combination with VEGF Inhibitors and Chemotherapy Agents in Preclinical Models
Authors: Brown Jeffrey L. , Cao Z. Alexander , Pinzon-Ortiz Maria , Kendrew Jane , Reimer Corinne , Wen Shenghua , Zhou Joe Q. , Tabrizi Mohammad , Emery Steve , McDermott Brenda , Pablo Lourdes , McCoon Patricia , Bedian Vahe , Blakey David C.
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Localized angiopoietin-2 (Ang2) expression has been shown to function as a key regulator of blood vessel remodeling and tumor angiogenesis, making it an attractive candidate for antiangiogenic therapy. A fully human monoclonal antibody (3.19.3) was developed, which may have significant pharmaceutical advantages over synthetic peptide-based approaches in terms of reduced immunogenicity and increased half-life to block Ang2 function. The 3.19.3 antibody potently binds Ang2 with an equilibrium dissociation constant of 86 pmol/L, leading to inhibition of Tie2 receptor phosphorylation in cell-based assays. In preclinical models, 3.19.3 treatment blocked blood vessel formation in Matrigel plug assays and in human tumor xenografts. In vivo studies with 3.19.3 consistently showed broad antitumor activity as a single agent across a panel of diverse subcutaneous and orthotopic xenograft models. Combination studies of 3.19.3 with cytotoxic drugs or anti–vascular endothelial growth factor agents showed significant improvements in antitumor activity over single-agent treatments alone with no apparent evidence of increased toxicity. Initial pharmacokinetic profiling studies in mice and nonhuman primates suggested that 3.19.3 has a predicted human half-life of 10 to 14 days. These studies provide preclinical data for 3.19.3 as a potential new antiangiogenic therapy as a single agent or in combination with chemotherapy or vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors for the treatment of cancer. Mol Cancer Ther; 9(1); 145–56
The Quantified Surgeon: A Glimpse Into the Future of Surgical Metrics and Outcomes
Authors: Pugh Carla M.
Published: April 2023

This paper summarizes key points of the 2023 Southeastern Surgical Congress Laws Lecture. The focus of the presentation was on the use of advanced engineering technology to quantify surgical mastery. New concepts relating to the visual-haptic loop, mastery and perception, and mastery and technical decisions were introduced and shown in an empirical fashion to have relevance in procedural outcomes in a simulated setting. The major takeaway point is that surgical mastery can be quantified using advanced engineering technology, and this process will help to shorten the learning curve.
Resilience and Violent Victimization of Youth With Mental Disorders: Group Differences Based on Sex?
Authors: Harris Michelle N.
Published: April 2023

Youth with mental disorders are at elevated risk to experience violent victimization compared to the general population, and several risk factors have been identified. Less understood are factors that promote protection from victimization. Using the resilience perspective, the relationship between risk, protective factors, and violent victimization of youth with mental disorders are investigated. Because there are differential effects across sex on risk factors that are connected to victimization for this population, sex differences on risk and protective factors are also explored. Multivariate logistic regression and predicted probability models split on sex are used to explore how risk and protective factors impact violent victimization. Sex-specific differences in protective factors and violent victimization are discussed, and recommendations for policy and clinicians are explored.
Formal and Informal Accountabilities and Accountability Management: Impact on Work Performance
Authors: Hwang Kwangseon
Published: April 2023

This study empirically examines the relationship between several accountability aspects and perceived work performance in the specific context of child-welfare services in the State of Virginia. The results show mixed evidence. For example, legal and ethical accountabilities positively affect performance, but each type of accountability (formal and informal) influences the work performance of child-welfare caseworkers differently—directly or indirectly—through a compliance strategy. Hierarchical accountability and the adoption of a discretionary strategy do not affect performance, at least in this context. Accountability management appears to play a meaningful role as a mediator within the accountability-performance link.
Effects of different joint wall lengths on in-plane compression properties of 3D braided jute/epoxy composite honeycombs
Authors: Qian-Qian Li , Mosleh Yasmine , Alderliesten RC , Hong-Hua Zhang , Wei Li
Published: April 2023

To comply with the trend in the development of engineering materials towards lightweight, high strength, eco-friendly, sustainable, and multi-functional, a three-dimensional braided integrated composite honeycomb is designed. The effects of geometrical parameters particularly joint wall lengths on the in-plane mechanical behavior of the honeycombs were investigated. The results show that the in-plane mechanical properties are related to the number of cell walls, and the angle between the cell wall and the loading direction. Increasing the number of cell rows to double and triple at similar areal density lead to an improvement of the maximum load up to 2.5, and 3.8 times, respectively. Similarly, the total absorbed strain energy increased up to 2.6 and 5.9 times, respectively. The displacement at the maximum load is increased by 1.6 and 2.7 times as a result of increasing the cell row number. The total absorbed strain energy increased to 1.7 and 1.3 times, respectively. The failure angle of the 3D braided composite honeycomb is about 4°–7°. This investigation presents the geometrical factors of a 3D braided composite honeycomb can be further designed and optimized, but it also provides a reference for the development and design of a new composite honeycomb.
Middle Neolithic agricultural and land-use models in southern Poland: A case-study of the long-term settlement in Mozgawa
Authors: Korczyńska-Cappenberg Marta , Nowak Marek , Mueller-Bieniek Aldona , Wilczyński Jarosław , Pospuła Sylwia , Wertz Krzysztof , Kalicki Tomasz , Biesaga Piotr , Szwarczewski Piotr , Kapcia Magda , Cappenberg Klaus , Wacnik Agnieszka , Moskal-del Hoyo Magdalena
Published: April 2023

Palaeoecological and archaeological studies conducted in Mozgawa (southern Poland) demonstrated a long-term sustainable land-use by inhabitants of a large settlement occupied during the second half of the fourth millennium BC. The Middle Neolithic society established a settlement that covered an area of about 30–35 ha and functioned during at least three centuries, as validated by the absolute chronology. A thorough analysis based on the fuzzy-logic principle combined with archaeobotanical and archaeozoological data showed that the subsistence model was based on agricultural practices, related with both crop cultivation and animal husbandry, together with an important component of hunting, fishing and gathering. Ecological requirements of plants and animals represented by fossil remains suggested that the exploited area included a variety of habitats. In the open landscape, wet and dry grasslands, used partly as pastures, cultivated fields and marshes were present. Wooded areas included deciduous lime-oak-elm forests, also of open canopy type, and riparian forests. This was due to the transitional location of the Mozgawa site on a loess-mantled hill, covered with fertile soils, but right on the border with a vast alluvial plain of the Nida River. Such ecologically diversified micro-region became a managed landscape, which provided rich resources for seasonal diets of the settlement’s inhabitants. The case study of the Mozgawa site offers a unique insight into the palaeoeconomy of the Funnel Beaker culture in central Europe.
Action Mechanism of Extracts from Cerasus serrulata Flower for Hair-Blacking in C57BL/6 Mice
Authors: Zhang Bing , Zhang Wenyun , Luo Jianfang , He Jian , Rong Baoshan , Zheng Xiaomin , Zhu Siyang , Xu Xian , Ai Yong , Zhang Lanyue , He Tinggang
Published: April 2023

Background

Hair color retention and rejuvenation have recently emerged as a new research hot spot, with many studies focused on developing treatments to prevent premature greying.

Aim

This study is aimed to explore the hair-blacking effects and possible mechanisms of Cerasus serrulata flower extracts (CSE) using a C57BL/6 premature greying mouse model.

Materials and Methods

The variations in hair follicle number, hair follicle depth and cortical thickness were evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin staining. The quantity changes of melanocytes were also evaluated using Masson-Fontana Melanin staining. The relative abundance of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), β-catenin and tyrosinase transcripts following transformed growth were further quantified using RT-qPCR and immunofluorescence. The changes in protein level expression of β-catenin, VEGF and tyrosinase were also evaluated by western blot.

Results

The β-catenin and VEGF expression were significantly up-regulated in skin tissues treated with C. serrulata extracts, promoting hair growth and blackening.

Conclusion

CSE can promote the efficient hair-blacking likely via the VEGF pathway, making it a potential therapeutic candidate for treating premature greying.
Diaspora in Humanitarian Action: Analysing the Indian Diaspora’s Humanitarian Potential and Efforts for ‘Mother India’
Authors: Parry Suheel Ahmad
Published: April 2023

Humanitarian action is commonly thought to involve two types of aid providers: international and local actors. But this tends to ignore a third humanitarian domain, namely transnational humanitarianism during conflicts, global epidemics and natural disasters by diaspora individuals and organisations. These transnational connections, which involve the mobility of people, goods and money, significantly change the context in which global humanitarian actors function and may have notable secondary effects on other aid providers. We contend that the significance of diaspora humanitarianism during natural disasters and the COVID-19 pandemic has still not been thoroughly explored in the academic literature and remains relatively ‘invisible’ in aid practices and policies. This article arises from an empirical study on the significance of diaspora in humanitarian action by analysing the impact of diaspora remittances and organisations that have emerged as an important potential for diasporas during humanitarian action. To examine the potential and role of the diaspora in humanitarian action, this article makes the case for the Indian diaspora’s humanitarian potential and efforts, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic in India.
The “Yelp-Ification” of the Dark Web: An Exploration of the Use of Consumer Feedback in Dark Web Markets
Authors: Brinck Jordan , Nodeland Brooke , Belshaw Scott
Published: April 2023

Law enforcement are tasked with confronting a variety of crimes on a daily basis, ranging from traditional offenses, such as burglary or assault, to online crimes, such as identity theft. The expansion of the internet has provided a new realm for investigatory consideration as buyers seek the tools of the crime as well as illegal products online. Since the inception of the Silk Road, the Dark Web’s first darknet marketplace, buyers and sellers have worked together to distribute and obtain products and services that were previously only available offline. For example, drugs, weapons, consumer data such as credit cards numbers, and other illicit products are all available for purchase on the Dark Web. Early on, Ross Ulbricht, founder of the original Silk Road Dark Web marketplace, incorporated consumer “reviews” on illegal websites to protect customers and to ensure that sellers were not taking advantage of potential buyers. The nature of illicit markets, where websites, vendors, or markets themselves can be online one day and gone the next, present challenges to developing a complete understanding as to how these networks operate. This study builds on existing research by providing an exploratory examination of the prevalence of consumer feedback and review indicators on approximately 50 Dark Web marketplaces. Findings indicate that more than half of explored sites displayed consumer reviews on their postings. Policies incorporating feedback indicators may be implemented to both identify and target for investigation and prosecution highly rated and high-profile sellers on Dark Web markets.
Investigating the determinants of continuance intention on cloud ERP systems adoption
Authors: Kuo Chan-Sheng , Kang Yowei , Yang Hung-Lin
Published: April 2023

With the rapid developments in cloud technology, the cloud Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system is indispensable when investigating the adoption and implementation of manufacturing systems among industries. The cloud ERP system can support manufacturing systems through various cloud services. The study was based on the well-known Information Systems Success Model (ISSM) to explore the predictive power of these theory-based variables. Our research provides an integrated managerial model to predict the continuance intention of adopting the cloud ERP system to enable effective manufacturing. The paper employed Structural Equation Model (SEM) to verify and confirm the hypotheses from an online survey in Taiwan. The empirical results have confirmed that (1) self-efficacy and convenience positively predict perceived ease of use; (2) information quality, system quality, service quality, perceived price, and perceived ease of use positively predict satisfaction; perceived security has no significant effect on satisfaction; (3) perceived ease of use, perceived security and satisfaction positively predict continuance intention. This study’s analysis results thus provide a suitable integrated framework to predict continuance intention. Finally, our research provides practical and managerial recommendations for manufacturing industries of adopting the cloud ERP system.
Regional and seasonal variations in functional abdominal pain and functional constipation prevalence among Saudi children
Authors: Khayat Ammar , Aldharman Sarah Salem , Alharbi Njoud Naif , Alayyaf Abdulaziz Saad , abdulmuttalib Jannat Abdullah , Altalhi Elaf Rudda
Published: April 2023

Objectives:

This study aimed to evaluate functional abdominal pain disorders and functional constipation prevalence in the central region of Saudi Arabia, and compare it to that of the western region.

Methods:

This was a cross-sectional study using online questionnaires targeting the general population of Riyadh region of Saudi Arabia. Subjects were randomly selected by sharing links on social media groups. Any parent with a 3–18-year-old child was included, and children with chronic medical illnesses or symptoms of organic GI disorders were excluded.

Results:

Three hundred nineteen subjects were included in the final analysis; the prevalence of functional abdominal pain disorders overall was 6.2% and the prevalence of functional constipation was 8.1%.

Conclusions:

Functional constipation diagnosis seems to be affected by life stressors or a previous viral illness. Seasonal variations had minimal effect on functional abdominal pain disorder and functional constipation symptom frequency and severity.
The Effect of Design and Size of the Fluid-Bed Equipment on the Particle Size-Dependent Trend of Particle Coating Thickness and Drug Prolonged-Release Profile
Authors: Brezovar Teja , Hudovornik Grega , Perpar Matjaž , Luštrik Matevž , Dreu Rok
Published: April 2023

The focus of the current work is to study and demonstrate the impact of the design, the scale, and settings of fluid-bed coating equipment on the differences in pellet coating thickness, which in case of prolonged-release pellets dictates the drug release. In the first set of coating experiments, the pellet cores were coated with the Tartrazine dye with the aim of estimating the coating equipment performance in terms of coating thickness distribution, assessed through color hue. In the second set, drug-layered pellets were film-coated with prolonged-release coating and dissolution profile tests were performed to estimate the thickness and uniformity of the coating thickness among differently sized pellets. In both study parts, film coating was performed at the laboratory and the pilot scale and essentially two types of distribution plate and different height adjustments of the draft tube were compared. The dye coating study proved to be extremely useful, as the results enable process correction and the optimal use of the process equipment in combination with the appropriate process parameters. Preferential film coating of larger drug-containing pellets was confirmed on the laboratory scale, while on the pilot scale, it was possible to achieve preferential coating of smaller pellets using rational alternatives of settings, which is desirable in terms of particle size-independent drug release profile of such prolonged-release dosage forms.
University Leaders as Inhibitors or Influencers of Systemic Change for Marginalised Youth
Authors: Alves Sianne
Published: April 2023

Despite multiple frameworks that purport to enable transformation, hierarchies of localised power in the governance and management of the higher education system continue to influence the scope and depth of inclusion, diversity and transformation programmes. Research conducted during 2014–2016 focused on the receptivity of an inclusion programme implemented in South African universities that was developed to create inclusive services and culture for an at-risk population. Drawing on applied research, the article considers how inclusivity practitioners created conditions for inclusion within their university. The obligation of the university in the creation of an inclusive environment is debated and the role of university leaders in contributing towards an inclusive culture is explored. The findings of this research demonstrate that university leaders have a direct impact on enabling or impeding inclusion programmes in the university. The findings contribute towards inclusivity praxis that aims to reduce oppression in universities by university leaders and the research demonstrates positive outcomes in spite of resistance by university leadership.
Quality use of research evidence: practitioner perspectives
Authors: Gleeson Joanne , Rickinson Mark , Walsh Lucas , Cutler Blake , Salisbury Mandy , Hall Genevieve , Khong Hang
Published: April 2023

Background:

This article comes in response to two gaps within the research use literature: a lack of work on quality of use as distinct from quality of evidence, and a lack of research use models based on practitioner, as opposed to researcher, perspectives.

Aims and objectives:

The study probes into the views of education practitioners about ‘using research well’, and explores: (1) the extent to which those views align with or differ from a conceptual framework of quality research use; and (2) whether and how practitioner views can provide deeper insights into quality use of research in practice.

Methods:

The article draws on open-text survey (n=492) and interview (n=27) responses from Australian teachers and school leaders, which were analysed in relation to components of the Quality Use of Research Evidence (QURE) Framework.

Findings:

There was considerable alignment between the practitioners’ views and the QURE Framework, but greater recognition for certain enablers such as ‘skillsets’ and ‘leadership’, as compared with others, such as ‘relationships’ and ‘infrastructure’. The practitioners’ accounts provided nuanced descriptions and elaborations of different aspects of using research well.

Discussion and conclusions:

The findings suggest that: the QURE Framework has empirical validity as a way of conceptualising quality research use; practitioners’ views on using research well can inform future capacity building efforts; and research use as a field needs far more work that is focused on the quality of use and the perspectives of users.
Male gametophyte development and cytogenetics of natural diploid and polyploid species of the South American genus Lessingianthus (Asteraceae, Vernonieae)
Authors: Pérez Yanina J. , González Ana M. , Angulo M. Betiana
Published: April 2023

In view of the scarce cytoembryological knowledge of Lessingianthus and in order to understand the contribution of polyploidy to the evolution of the genus we perform a developmental survey of anthers with the main objective of study if the different ploidy level affect the anther and pollen development in Lessingianthus species and infer the male fertility of diploid and polyploid species. Our results showed that diploid and polyploid species have normal anther development, thus polyploidy did not affect the anther wall development. The following male embryological traits are conserved among the species: tetrasporangiate anthers, four-layered anther wall of dicotyledonous development, with uniseriate persistent epidermis, invasive tapetum, tetrahedral or isobilateral tetrads, and 3-celled pollen grains. Diploid and polyploid species had high male fertility: both presented relatively high meiotic regularity and therefore formed normal viable spores independently of the ploidy level. Lessingianthus argenteus, the only species with high irregular behavior, might be a neopolyploid species. The eight studied species of the genus presented different percentages of meiotic irregularity at the different phases observed. In diploid specimens the irregularities were concentrated in anaphase of meiosis I, whereas in polyploid specimens the irregularities were dispersed through the phases of meiosis II. The main abnormal behavior identified, and therefore the main mechanisms of unreduced microspore formation, were chromosomes out of plate, bridges without fragments and asynchrony of meiosis I and II. These features broadened the male cytoembryological knowledge of the genus, confirming the suggestion that embryological characters related to male gametophyte development are conserved among the studied species. The results contribute to understand the mechanisms of polyploid formation which is an important process during the evolution of the genus.
The challenges of commercial mountaineering on the highest Volcanic Seven Summit, the Ojos del Salado
Authors: Nagy Balázs , Ignéczi Ádám , Kovács-Székely Ilona , Ruiz Pereira Sebastián , Mihajlik Gábor , Felkai Péter , Mari László
Published: April 2023

Commercial mountaineering has gained widespread popularity in recent decades. Global mountaineering challenges – e.g., the Seven Summits challenge to climb the highest summit of each continent – amplify this process, and also raise the profile of individual destinations. The highest volcano on the Earth, the Ojos del Salado in the Dry Andes (Chile/Argentina) is featured in two of the major challenges (Seven Second Summits, Volcanic Seven Summits). Thus, it is a prime extreme outdoor tourism destination. The relative ease of access and the non-technical nature of the ascent have also contributed to the increasing volume of tourism. However, our observations about commercial mountaineering practices reveal surprisingly low success rates on the summit. Based on data from our decade-long environmental monitoring programme and our field experiences,, we attribute this to the extreme environment and landscape of the mountain (e.g., cold and dry climate, strong winds, topographical situation, loose surface material), scarce mountaineering facilities, and potential misjudgements by inexperienced climbers.
A new way to understand urban-rural relations: Habitus studies of rural places
Authors: Jóvér Vanda
Published: April 2023

“Taken for-granted divisions of geographic space (such as centre and periphery) must be viewed according to Bourdieu, as the effect of distance in social space, i.e. the unequal distribution of the different kinds of capital in geographical space” – as Reed-Danahay, D. (2020, 17) puts it in their book about the spatial aspect of Pierre Bourdieu’s action theory. Field, social space, capital, disposition, and habitus are all essential components of Bourdieu’s theory, but what about places? This paper focuses on the importance of geographical space, place and scales in a habitus analysis and tries to show the possibilities the concept of habitus can offer in spatial studies. While research on the relationship between Bourdieu’s concept of habitus and spatiality is becoming increasingly popular (Berger, V. 2018; Németh, K. 2020; Reed-Danahay, D. 2020), still few scholars (e.g. Máté, É. et al. 2022) undertake place-based habitus analyses. The present paper aims to provide an overview of the international academic discourse on place-based (in this case mainly rural) habitus analysis. Considering a dozen empirical studies from different perspectives and in different geographical areas, I focus on the specificities of habitus analysis in rural places. After briefly introducing the concept of habitus and its critiques, I will describe the characteristics of habitus studies in rural places by presenting various views. Then, I will show how the relationship between rural and urban habitus studies suggests that habitus does indeed contribute to the persistence of urban-rural structures.
Kazharski, A.: Central Europe Thirty Years after the Fall of Communism. A return to a Margin?
Authors: Merabishvili Gela
Published: April 2023

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Optimization of critical land empowerment through coffee plant extensification as an effort to improve the economic level of coffee farmers in Indonesia
Authors: Arvianti Eri Yusnita , Wati Ratna , Gunawan Cakti Indra , Setyowati Karunia
Published: April 2023

Critical land in Indonesia is the result of weather disturbances, natural disasters, farming behavior without considering the preservation of nature, and the unwise use of chemical fertilizers. Critical land tends to be acidic and has a soil structure that does not support cultivation. Coffee plants are flexible plants, and their root systems and ecology can improve soil structure. The need for coffee at home and abroad tends to increase along with the development of coffee consumption as a lifestyle for Generation Z (Gen-Z). The economic value of coffee, which tends to increase, opens the insight of farmers to continue to develop this coffee plantation area. In the development of planting areas, knowledge of critical land optimization is needed, which is a principal factor as the basis for implementing critical land extensification. For this reason, the purpose of this study was to determine the level of knowledge of farmers on optimizing critical land into strategic land and efforts to develop coffee agribusiness in critical land. This study used a quantitative descriptive method and used the SmartPLS3 analysis tool. The results showed that internal factors, external factors, and motivation of farmers affect the level of knowledge about optimization of critical land, critical land management must meet ecological conservation and improve the community's economy in a structured manner, the extensification of critical land using coffee plants is one of the strategic steps for critical land optimization, as well as the development of coffee agribusiness, both seeds and waste as an effort to increase farmers' income.
Steroid Use in the NICU: Treatment and Tapering
Authors: McNerney Kyle P. , Arbeláez Ana Maria
Published: April 2023

The adrenal gland cortex produces life-sustaining steroid hormones that are critical for the development and survival of the fetus and neonate. Antenatal and postnatal administration of steroids has critical therapeutic effects in preterm infants. However, prolonged postnatal steroid therapy for more than 1 to 2 weeks is associated with iatrogenic adrenal insufficiency and should prompt consideration of a steroid taper and stress dose precautions. In this review, we will describe fetal adrenal development and steroidogenesis, the effect of antenatal exogenous steroids, the therapeutic role of postnatal steroids, evaluation and treatment of adrenal insufficiency, and the role of steroid tapers after prolonged steroid treatment.
On the Complexity of Finding Set Repairs for Data-Graphs
Authors: Abriola Sergio , Martínez María Vanina , Pardal Nina , Cifuentes Santiago , Pin Baque Edwin
Published: April 2023

In the deeply interconnected world we live in, pieces of information link domains all around us. As graph databases embrace effectively relationships among data and allow processing and querying these connections efficiently, they are rapidly becoming a popular platform for storage that supports a wide range of domains and applications. As in the relational case, it is expected that data preserves a set of integrity constraints that define the semantic structure of the world it represents. When a database does not satisfy its integrity constraints, a possible approach is to search for a ‘similar’ database that does satisfy the constraints, also known as a repair. In this work, we study the problem of computing subset and superset repairs for graph databases with data values using a notion of consistency based on having a set of Reg-GXPath expressions as integrity constraints. We show that for positive fragments of Reg-GXPath these problems admit a polynomial-time algorithm, while the full expressive power of the language renders them intractable.
Determinism and chaos – a story about Big Bang, singularity and the future of mankind
Authors: Alexandru Dinu , Madalin Frunzete
Published: April 2023

People have always tried to understand and tame the nature around them. It is a well-known fact that the sanest and safe approach from a psychological point of view is to focus on the present moment, the here and now. Nevertheless, we keep looking and living in the past or daydreaming and making predictions about what the future will bring. This paper is looking at this topic trying to unify several perspectives, stemming from a very diverse set of disciplines: biology, genetics, economics and cryptography, which are apparently working in parallel to solve the same problem. They all aim to find a theory of everything, one that can make sense out of chaos, light out of darkness and that can accurately predict the future based on present and past events. The current paper is supposed to inspire researchers to ask themselves tough questions, sometimes completely outside of their comfort zone, that can lead to discoveries with a huge positive impact on us all.
Kompetisi dan Inovasi di Indonesia: Bukti Empiris dari Industri Manufaktur
Authors:   Program Pascasarjana Ilmu Ekonomi, Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis, Universitas Indonesia, Rachmaidi Mohammad Adhi , Lubis Andi Fahmi ,   Departemen Ilmu Ekonomi, Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis, Universitas Indonesia
Published: April 2023

Penelitian ini menganalisis hubungan empiris antara kompetisi dan inovasi di Indonesia dengan menggunakan data perusahaan BPS. Keterbatasan data inovasi mengharuskan penggunaan R&D expenditure sebagai inovasi pada tahun tersedianya data. Kompetisi diestimasi dengan menggunakan profit elasticity berdasarkan gagasan efisiensi. Bentuk inverted-U diuji dengan technology spread pada industri dengan efek dari kompetisi dan inovasi dapat berubah dari positif menjadi negatif. Bukti empiris menunjukkan hubungan antara kompetisi dan inovasi merupakan inverted-U dengan titik optimal yang sangat rendah. Ini berarti sangat sedikit industri yang dapat meningkatkan inovasi dan hampir semua industri akan mengurangi inovasi ketika kompetisi meningkat.
Kajian Kebijakan Pengampunan Pajak dengan Pendekatan Eksperimental
Authors:   Institut Pertanian Bogor, Kurniawan Benny Robby , Juanda Bambang ,   Institut Pertanian Bogor, Bakhtiar Toni ,   Institut Pertanian Bogor
Published: April 2023

Penelitian ini dilakukan karena ketidakpastian keberhasilan dari kebijakan pengampunan pajak. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh dari faktor ekspektasi masyarakat akan adanya pengampunan pajak di kemudian hari, sistem tarif pengampunan, denda, dan pemeriksaan pajak terhadap kepatuhan pada kebijakan pengampunan pajak dengan menggunakan metode ekonomi ekperimental. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengampunan pajak diikuti dengan penerapan denda dan pemeriksaan yang ketat akan meningkatkan kepatuhan pajak. Kebijakan pengampunan pajak sebaiknya diterapkan satu kali saja karena jika masyarakat berekspektasi akan adanya kebijakan serupa di kemudian hari, wajib pajak akan menunggu kebijakan tersebut dan tetap tidak patuh. Wajib pajak umumnya menyukai tarif pengampunan terendah.
A Scalable Radiomics- and Natural Language Processing–Based Machine Learning Pipeline to Distinguish Between Painful and Painless Thoracic Spinal Bone Metastases: Retrospective Algorithm Development and Validation Study
Authors: Naseri Hossein , Skamene Sonia , Tolba Marwan , Faye Mame Daro , Ramia Paul , Khriguian Julia , David Marc , Kildea John
Published: April 2023

Background

The identification of objective pain biomarkers can contribute to an improved understanding of pain, as well as its prognosis and better management. Hence, it has the potential to improve the quality of life of patients with cancer. Artificial intelligence can aid in the extraction of objective pain biomarkers for patients with cancer with bone metastases (BMs).

Objective

This study aimed to develop and evaluate a scalable natural language processing (NLP)– and radiomics-based machine learning pipeline to differentiate between painless and painful BM lesions in simulation computed tomography (CT) images using imaging features (biomarkers) extracted from lesion center point–based regions of interest (ROIs).

Methods

Patients treated at our comprehensive cancer center who received palliative radiotherapy for thoracic spine BM between January 2016 and September 2019 were included in this retrospective study. Physician-reported pain scores were extracted automatically from radiation oncology consultation notes using an NLP pipeline. BM center points were manually pinpointed on CT images by radiation oncologists. Nested ROIs with various diameters were automatically delineated around these expert-identified BM center points, and radiomics features were extracted from each ROI. Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique resampling, the Least Absolute Shrinkage And Selection Operator feature selection method, and various machine learning classifiers were evaluated using precision, recall, F1-score, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve.

Results

Radiation therapy consultation notes and simulation CT images of 176 patients (mean age 66, SD 14 years; 95 males) with thoracic spine BM were included in this study. After BM center point identification, 107 radiomics features were extracted from each spherical ROI using pyradiomics. Data were divided into 70% and 30% training and hold-out test sets, respectively. In the test set, the accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of our best performing model (neural network classifier on an ensemble ROI) were 0.82 (132/163), 0.59 (16/27), 0.85 (116/136), and 0.83, respectively.

Conclusions

Our NLP- and radiomics-based machine learning pipeline was successful in differentiating between painful and painless BM lesions. It is intrinsically scalable by using NLP to extract pain scores from clinical notes and by requiring only center points to identify BM lesions in CT images.
Factors related to successful aging among community-dwelling elderly in Wenzhou, China
Authors: Gu Chen-Yu , Jullamate Pornchai , Nadarajan Sivasankari , Krungkraipetch Nisakorn , Toonsiri Chanandchidadussadee
Published: April 2023

Objectives: To examine the level of successful aging and the relationship between successful aging and activities of daily living (ADL), life satisfaction, social support, income, and self-efficacy among community-dwelling elderly in Wenzhou, China.

Methods: A descriptive correlational design was applied. Subjects were community-dwelling elderly in 4 districts of Wenzhou, China. Simple random sampling was used to recruit 83 participants. All participants were screened using the Mini-Cog tool. Data were collected using 6 questionnaires such as a demographic questionnaire, the Successful Aging Inventory (SAI), the Barthel Index for ADL, the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS), the Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS), and the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation analysis.

Results: The results showed that 53% of the participants had a higher level of successful aging and 43.4% had a moderate level of successful aging with a mean score of 56.76 (standard deviation [SD] = 12.31). Factors such as elderly income (r = 0.73, P < 0.001) and self-efficacy (r = 0.72, P < 0.001) had high correlations with successful aging, whereas ADL (r = 0.67, P < 0.001), life satisfaction (r = 0.63, P < 0.001), and social support (r = 0.36, P < 0.001) had moderate correlations with successful aging.

Conclusions: There was a significant positive correlation between successful aging and ADL, life satisfaction, social support, income, and self-efficacy among community-dwelling elderly in Wenzhou, China. The findings may guide the formulation of more effective health education and intervention measures to improve successful aging among the elderly.
Dermatology nurse prescribing in China: a Delphi method
Authors: Han Shi-Fan , Gao Jin-Ping , Cao Yan , Zhu Rui-Fang , Wang Ya-Ping
Published: April 2023

Objectives: To identify the dermatological system drugs that may be prescribed by Chinese dermatological nurses through expert consensus.

Methods: A 2-round study, consisting of 32 medical and nursing experts, was conducted using the Delphi method from September 2019 to June 2020. Microsoft Excel 2019 and IBM SPSS Ver. 22 were used to analyze the results of the consultations.

Results: A total of 63 drugs across 13 categories were identified as relevant to Chinese nurses working in dermatological departments. Among these drugs, 1 drug was generally prescribed independently, 17 drugs tended to be prescribed collaboratively, and 45 were prescribed either independently or in collaboration with others.

Conclusions: This expert consensus determines the prescription drugs that may be prescribed by dermatology nurses in China, which can be used as the key content of prescription drug training for dermatology nurses in future. The results of the study could provide a basis for the implementation of nurses’ prescription rights in China in future and provide a reference for the formulation of relevant legislation on nurses’ prescription rights.
Application of Abaoub- Shkheam Transform for Solving Linear Partial Integro – Differential Equations
Authors: Zali Suad Mawloud
Published: April 2023

In this paper, we propose a most general form of a linear PIDE with a convolution kernel. We convert the proposed PIDE to an ordinary differential equation (ODE) using a Abaoub- Shkheam - transform (Q). Solving this ODE and applying inverse Abaoub- Shkheam an exact solution of the problem is obtained. It is observed that the Abaoub- Shkheam - transform is a simple and reliable technique for solving such equations. A variety of numerical examples are presented to show the performance and accuracy of the proposed method.