bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Associação de cultivares de mandioca reduz a incidência do ácaro verde
Authors: Pedro Rideiqui Jamison de Souza , Da Silva Vinicios Ferreira , Ribeiro Thyago Fernando Lisboa , Moura Orlando Francisco da Silva , De Freitas Johnnatan Duarte , Da Costa João Gomes
Published: May 2023

A mandioca (Manihot esculenta Crantz) é uma das principais fontes de carboidratos para milhões de pessoas nas regiões tropicais. Apesar da sua relativa rusticidade, a incidência de artrópodes, como ácaros, provoca grandes perdas na produção. Nesse sentido, o ácaro verde (Mononychellus tanajoa) vem se destacando principalmente na região Nordeste do Brasil. Dessa forma, este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a influência da associação de diferentes cultivares de mandioca sobre o desenvolvimento do ácaro verde. Para comparar as três cultivares e suas associações em relação ao desenvolvimento do ácaro, foi instalado um experimento em delineamento em blocos casualizados com seis tratamentos (as três variedades e suas associações duas a duas). Foi realizada a contagem dos ácaros em três plantas de cada variedade e em seguida foi feita a triagem de todas as formas móveis de ácaro verde. A coleta e a identificação dos voláteis das variedades de mandioca foram realizadas visando uma possível associação com a resistência/suscetibilidade.  Os resultados obtidos mostraram que: a) a cultivar Campinas mostrou-se mais suscetível ao ácaro em relação as cultivares Rosinha e Sergipana; b) a associação entre as cultivares proporcionou redução significativa na população do ácaro em relação aos monocultivos; c) os compostos orgânicos voláteis Hex-3-en-2-one, (E)-Cariofileno e Hexadecano, presentes somente nas cultivares Rosinha e Sergipana são os prováveis responsáveis pela não-preferência dos ácaros em relação a cultivar Campinas. Sendo assim, os resultados evidenciam o potencial do uso de misturas de variedades em cultivos de mandioca para a redução do ácaro verde.
Zastosowanie cyfrowego bliniakaw zarzdzaniu obiektem uytecznoci publicznej studium przypadku przedszkola w gminie Secemin
Authors: Borkowski Andrzej Szymon , Maroń Marta
Published: May 2023

Zarzdcy obiektw budowlanych nie maj dostatecznej wiadomoci i wiedzy, jakie korzyci mog mie ze stosowania BIM. Administratorzy, wykorzystujc cyfrowego bliniaka np. budynku, mog usprawni proces zarzdzania powierzchniami, zaplanowa remont czy przeprowadzi symulacj ewakuacji. Przedsibiorstwa zarzdzajce nieruchomociami mog wspomaga si w ten sposb w codziennych obowizkach, do ktrych naley choby bieca konserwacja, pilnowanie terminw przegldw czy optymalizowanie wywozu odpadw. Celem artykuu jest pokazanie zalet i korzyci stosowania BIM z perspektywy zarzdzajcego obiektem uytecznoci publicznej, w tym przypadku przedszkolem publicznym w gminie Secemin. W pracy opisano proces budowy cyfrowego bliniaka w BIM, a nastpnie przeprowadzono szereg dziaa symulujcych wyzwania, ktre staj przed zarzdzajcym obiektem (dyrektorem lub gmin).
THE INFLUENCE OF BRAND IMAGE AND PROMOTION ON THE PURCHASE DECISION OF INCOE CAR BATTERY BATTERIES AT CV RIAU'S SUCCESS DINAMO
Authors: Mustaqim Haji , Amra W Raja , Indra Perdana Kesuma Darmawan
Published: May 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of brand image and promotion on purchasing decisions for Incoe brand car batteries at CV Riau Sukses Dinamo. The place of this research was carried out at CV Riau Sukses Dinamo. The number of samples in this study were 97 consumers using the incidental sampling technique. The data collection method in this study was a questionnaire using multiple linear analysis.Based on the results of the study, the results of multiple linear analysis yielded a value of Y = 23,103 + 0,305 X1 + 0,421 X2, and the results of the t test were equal to Brand Image (X1) using the t test with t count = 4,752 > t table 1,985. Promotion (X2), produces t count = 7,074 > t table 1,985. The results of the F test, F count > F table (104,665 > 3.09) and a significance level of 0.000 <0.05 and the results of the coefficient of determination test yield Adjusted R Square = 0.684, meaning 68.4% simultaneously with Brand Image (X1) and Promotion (X2) variables ) contributes to the variable Purchase Decision (Y) of 68.4%, the remaining 31.6% is influenced by other factors not observed in this study.
Testélmények és énképzet a nyugati gondolkodásban
Authors: Porosz Tibor
Published: May 2023

A testiség újra felfedezésének kiemelkedő eredményei közé sorolható az a felfogás, amely szerint a tapintás és a testérzetek meghatározó szerepet játszanak az „Én” érzetének és képzetének a kialakulásában és fenntartásában. Ehhez kapcsolódik, hogy a Buddha által feltalált éberség-belátás (szatipatthána-vipasszaná) meditáció során egy sajátos új test-élmény, a viszcerális koherencia jön létre, ami által voltaképpen egy újfajta személyiség születik. Ennek a folyamatnak a mélyebb megértése érdekében az írás áttekinti a nyugati tudományos és filozófiai felfogásokat a minden napi testérzetekről, a szomatikus illúziók és hallucinációk rendellenességeiről, a testi élmények, az érzékelés, a mozgás és az affektusok összehangolásáról, valamint a személy kohéziójáról (testséma, testkép, megtestesültség, kinesztetikus tudat, test emlékezet és a test narratívái). Végül külön rész foglalkozik a személyiség koherenciáját Nyugaton oly jellemzően geometriai szemlélettel leíró nézetekkel. Figyelemre méltó, hogy Gilles Deleuze filozófiai nézőpontja számos lényegi ponton egyezést mutat a viszcerális koherencia meditatív élményével.
التفسير بحسب ترتيب النزول ، الإمكان والجدوى والآثار مقاربة تاريخية منهجية
Authors: Ahmad Monjed
Published: May 2023

هي دراسة تبحث في إمكانية ومعقولية تفسير القرآن الكريم بحسب ترتيب النزول، ثم في جدوى هذه المنهجية وأثرها في العقلية التفسيرية لدى الدارسين الإسلاميين، وكيف أنها تفضي للقول بالتاريخانية ولو بوجه من الوجوه، مسبوقة بلمحة تاريخية تؤكد أنه منهج دخيل على الدراسات الإسلامية، وأنه من آثار الدراسات الاستشراقية ومن مخرجاتها. شملت الدراسة خمسة نماذج إسلامية اعتنت بتفسير القرآن الكريم وفق هذا المنهج، أربعة منها اكتملت، والخامسة سبق سهم المنية صاحبها قبل التمام فتوقفت في منتصف الطريق وهو كتاب حبنكة الميداني، كما من المهم أن نعلم أن ثلاثة منها تنتمي لمنطقة جغرافية واحدة وهي الشام وفي فترة زمنية متقاربة، وأن أصحابها متعاصرون، وهي تفسير بيان المعاني لعبد القادر ملا، والتفسير الحديث لدروزة و معارج التفكر لحبنكة الميداني، والرابعة مغاربية لعابد الجابري، والخامسة لأستاذ تركي وهو آخرهم انتهاءً ووفاة وهو زكي دومان، لأختم الدراسة بمبحث يكشف عن منهجية القرآن الكريم في تكريس عالميته وصلاحيته، ومنعه لهذه الطريقة المستحدثة في تفسير القرآن الكريم.
Kur’ân’a Göre Zülkarneyn’in Metodu ve Mesajı
Authors: Keskin Ali
Published: May 2023

Zülkarneyn kıssası Kur’an’da tek bir yerde anlatılmış olmasına karşın üzerinde en çok yorum yapılan kıssalardan biri olmuştur. Kıssaya bu denli yorum yapılması onun insan idrakini zorlayan manzaralarla dolu olmasındandır. Tefsirlerdeki rivayetlerin çokluğu ve farklılığı da yorumları artıran bir başka etkendir. Bu makalede kıssa ile ilgili yorum ve rivayet farklılıklarına dayalı ihtilafların genel bir sıralaması yapılacak ancak, ihtilaflar üzerinde görüş belirtilmeyecektir. Ayetlerdeki bazı kelimelerin bağlam yönünden anlam yapısı irdelenerek bu kelimelerin manasına bağlı olarak ayetlerin daha açık ve anlaşılabilir olduğu ortaya konulacaktır. Böylece; kıssadaki manzaraların tasavvurunun zihinlerde daha makul yerleşmesi sağlanacaktır. Bu açıdan kıssanın ayetlerinde geçen bazı kelimeler siyak sibak bağlamında bakıldığında anlam ilişkisine bağlı olarak olağan sonuçların ortaya çıktığı ve gerçek bir portre kesitinin sunulduğu görülecektir. Zülkarneyn’in tebliğ, davet, yönetim ve inşai faaliyetine ilişkin metotları belirtilecektir. Ayrıca Kur’an kıssalarının esas amacı olan alınacak mesajın sonuçları açıklanacaktır. Onun özgün metodundan her zaman yararlanılabileceği, verdiği mesajın evrenselliği görülecektir. Diğer taraftan mutlak ve sonsuz ilim sahibinin Allah olduğu, insan bilgisinin sınırlı kaldığı, bu nedenle yaptığımız her yorumun eleştirilebilir yönünün bulunacağı unutulmamalıdır.
İbnü’l-Arabî'de Vücûd Kavramına Dair Bazı Değerlendirmeler
Authors: Dağeri Yakup , Akkaya Veysel
Published: May 2023

Beşeriyet yüzyıllardır insan, alem ve yaratıcı üzerine fikirlerde bulunmuştur. Bu minvalde din ilimlerinin ve felsefî mekteplerin temel problematiği olarak “varlık/vücûd” konusu uzun süre tartışıla gelmiştir. Vücûdun aslı, mahiyeti ve nihai durumunun tespiti, var olanların yaratıcı ile irtibatının nasıl oluşu bu tartışmaların temel sorunları olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Bu soru ve sorunlara “Var olan” ve “varlığın yegâne sahibi olan” tarafından ilahî cevaplar elçileri vasıtasıyla bildirilmiştir. Gerçek var olanın kendisi oluşu, var olanların varlığının kendisinden oluşu, var olanlar yok iken de kendisinin var oluşu ve sonradan var olanların O’nun varlığı karşısında var olamayışı bu soruların bazı cevaplarıdır. Beşeriyetin mana vermeye çalıştığı bu sorulara batı ve doğu düşüncesine damgasını vuran İbnü’l-Arabî’nin tespitleri ise ayrıca önem arz etmektedir. Evrensel bir dil niteliğinde olan metafizik dilinden faydalanarak fikirler serdeden İbnü’l-Arabî, vücûdun hakikatinin tecelli ile bilineceği savından hareketle varlığın birlikteliğine dair keşfî bilgilerde bulunmuştur. Bu bilgilerde önceki dönemlerin ve fikirlerin aksine tanrı tasavvuru daraltılmaksızın tüm varlıkla aynîleştirildiği ve içkinleştirildiği görülmektedir. İşbu çalışmamız İbnü’l-Arabî’nin vahdet, vücûd ve vahdet-i vücûd görüşlerini itirazlarıyla incelemeye matuftur.
Bulimia Nervosa: A Psychiatric Problem of Disorder
Authors: Mohajan Devajit , Mohajan Haradhan Kumar
Published: May 2023

This study deals with bulimia nervosa (BN) that is a serious and potentially life-threatening eating disorder, which is characterized by binge-eating and extreme weight control policy. It is a distressing and disabling disorder followed by compensatory purging behaviors, such as self-induced vomiting, misuse of diuretics and laxative; and non-purging behaviors, such as excessive exercise, severe dieting, and long-time fasting. Physical, emotional, mental, sexual, and verbal abuse can also develop bulimia nervosa. BN patients frequently have a normal weight, but sometimes they may be underweighted or overweighed. Bulimia nervosa is frequently accompanied with the effects of normal physiologic functioning. The most common causes of morbidity and mortality among bulimia nervosa patients are electrolyte and metabolic disturbances. This study reviews the key features and associated problems of bulimia nervosa and its negative effects in global healthcare environment.
Mathematical Model for Nonlinear Budget Constraint: Economic Activities on Increased Budget
Authors: Mohajan Devajit , Mohajan Haradhan Kumar
Published: May 2023

In this study economic predictions of the various inputs are analyzed when the budget of the organization increases. Method of Lagrange multiplier is applied here to work with nonlinear budget constraint for the achievement of the profit maximization atmosphere. In the study 6×6 bordered Hessian matrix and 6×6 Jacobian matrix are also operated for the prediction of economic analysis. In mathematical economics, efficient and wise decisions can provide profit maximization setting, which is essential for the sustainability of the industrial organizations.
The role of the clinical microbiology laboratory in improving antimicrobial stewardship: systematic review
Authors: Khalid Mohamed
Published: May 2023

Background: To improve antimicrobial utilization, development and implementation of microbiology laboratories (ML) in antimicrobial stewardship programs has been recommended. The primary objective of this review was to characterize role of microbiology laboratories in the antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) and to identify interventions that improve patient outcomes or process of care and/or reduce consequences of antimicrobial use.

Methods:  This study was completed as a systematic review. The following PubMed database was searched from January, 2021 through March, 2022. Randomized controlled trials, nonrandomized controlled trials, controlled and uncontrolled before-and-after studies, interrupted time series studies, and repeated-measures studies evaluating ML interventions in the AMS were included in the review. Studies published in languages other than English were excluded.

Results:  A total of 20 studies meeting inclusion criteria were identified from our search. speeding up the laboratory workup of samples; rapidly searching for certain pathogens; rapid reporting of positive and negative test results and rapid antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Impact of interventions showed variable results. Where identified, benefits of AMS interventions primarily included improvement in delivery of care or a decrease in antimicrobial utilization.

Conclusions: implementing the ML interventions to improve the AMS and patient care by increasing the use of different laboratory tests that include rapidly isolate, identifying and tailoring therapy in response to culture results.
فهرس المخطوطات الإسلامية بالمكتبة الوطنية الألبانية في تيرانا
Authors: الحلوجي عبد الستار , عظيمي حبيب الله
Published: May 2023

يشتمل هذا الفهرس على 416 مخطوطة محفوظة في المكتبة الوطنية الألبانية في تيرانا. ويضم القسم الخاص باللغة العربية موضوعات تتعلّق بعلوم القرآن، والحديث، والفقه، والتاريخ، والفلسفة، وعلم المنطق، وعلم الحساب والهندسة. أما القسم الخاص باللغة الفارسيّة فيضم مخطوطات تحتوي على موضوعات عدّة كالتصوّف، وعلم الفلك والتنجيم، واللّغات.
The Effect of Drill Method Learning on Prayer Movement Skills Class III Students at SDN 20 Sitiung
Authors: Andika Dharma
Published: May 2023

Prayer movement skills are the core learning material of one of the processes of Islamic religious education. The ability of students to receive learning to carry out prayer movements must be conveyed using the right method. This study discusses the effect of learning the drill method on students' prayer movement skills. In sampling the researchers used the type and research design of non-equivalent control group design with data collection before and after being given treatment. Respondents were divided into 2 groups consisting of 1 experimental group and 1 control group with a total of 50 third grade students at SDN 20 Sitiung. This research was conducted in September 2021 in the 2021/2022 Academic Year at SDN 20 Sitiung, Dharmasraya Regency. Based on the results of the study, it was found that in the experimental group, there were 23 students (92%) skilled and in the control group, 17 students (68%) were skilled and based on the comparison, there was a P-Value value of 0.002 < 0.005 which means that there is an effect of learning the drill method on the prayer movement skills of students.
Pendampingan Pelatihan Penerapan E-Commerce dalam Usaha Peningkatan Penjualan Pada Lyna Risoles
Authors: Yayu Kusdiana  , Safrizal  , Muhamad Rizki  , Riyan Afriadi
Published: May 2023

Pemasaran melalui e - commerce dengan menggunakan media sosial seperti facebook (FB), instagram (IG) dan whatsup business sangat membantu para pelaku UMKM untuk meningkatkan penjualannya Hal ini telah di buktikan oleh Lyna Risoeles sebagai salah satu pelaku UMKM yang bergerak dalam bidang jajanan pasar dengan menu utamanya risoles. Logo dan benner juga membawa pengatruh yang besar bagi Lyna Risoles sebagai bentuk cara  mempromosikan produknya sehingga dapat meningkatkan omset penjualan.
Pemanfaatan Limbah Kotoran Ternak Menjadi Biogas dan Pupuk Organik untuk Meningkatkan Kesejahteraan Masyarakat Desa Laikang
Authors: Alam Sahrul , Asrul  , Miftahul Khaer  , Nur Ilmi Azzahrah  , Moh. Ahsan S. Mandra  , A. M. Taufik Ali
Published: May 2023

Livestock waste, in Desa Laikang, Kecamatan Mangarabombang, Kabupaten Takalar has not been widely used by the community, so that it often only pollutes the environment. Even though if it is processed properly, it will produce economic added value and prevent environmental pollution. This is due to the lack of socialization and training about biogas technology, the lack of community knowledge and skills regarding the application of biogas digester installation technology. This program aims to empower the Desa Laikang community through processing livestock waste into alternative fuels (biogas) and organic fertilizer from biogas processing waste (bio slurry) to support energy independence, renewable energy and food security programs. The method used in this activity was Participatory Action and Learning (PLA). The results achieved from this activity are: (1) construction of 1 (one) unit of biogas digester installation with a capacity of 4 m3, (2) organic fertilizer from bio slurry, (3) clean and hygienic cattle pens also environmental friendly, (4) demonstration plot of agriculture application of organic fertilizer, and (5) the formation of a new community (group) in Desa Laikang.
Webinar Online Literasi Keuangan (Financial Literacy) Bagi Generasi Millennial
Authors: Ni Wayan Dian Irmayani  , Ni Kadek Sri Mirayani  , Ni Wayan Purnami Rusadi
Published: May 2023

The purpose of this financial literacy webinar activity is to provide participants with financial literacy skills, and to know the financial literacy abilities of the millennial generation and to increase the understanding of financial literacy of the millennial generation through the provision of webinar material. The material presented is about financial literacy knowledge, financial life cycle, financial financial planning process, scope of financial planning, and application of financial records. The participants were students from the Denpasar National Polytechnic campus, students from several campuses in Bali and outside Bali, high school/vocational high school students from Bali and outside Bali and general public. However, because it is still in the atmosphere of the COVID-19 pandemic, the provision of insight and assessment of insights is carried out online through the Zoom meeting application. There are 122 participants who are willing to take part in this webinar. The importance of knowledge about financial literacy to make the millennial generation financially literate. Financial literacy means understanding how to manage money, paying off debt, insurance, retirement savings, taxes, and financial products such as credit and loans. With a state of financial literacy, the millennial generation can use these financial products to achieve financial prosperity.
Pendidikan Profil Bisnis Komoditas Budidaya Ikan Air Tawar
Authors: Tomi Ramadona  , Andri Hendrizal  , Indra Lesmana  , Yudho Harjoyudanto  , Muhammad Arief Wibowo  , Iskandar Putra  , Indra Suharman  , Trisla Warningsih
Published: May 2023

Pengembangan budidaya ikan air tawar membutuhkan bantuan dari pihak perbankan khususnya aspek permodalan. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman pegawai bank dalam budidaya ikan air tawar sehingga diharapkan mampu melayani nasabah pelaku usaha ikan air tawar dengan lebih baik. Metode pelatihan menggunakan ceramah, diskusi dan field trip ke lokasi usaha perikanan air tawar. Hasil pendidikan profil bisnis komoditas ikan air tawar menunjukkan peningkatan pemahaman peserta terhadap seluk beluk budidaya ikan air tawar. Melalui kegiatan ini diharapkan pengembangan budidaya ikan air tawar terus berkembanga di masa yang akan datang.
Reflections on the Liberian Civil War, 1989-2003
Authors: Laaser Ulrich
Published: May 2023

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Enhancing health system’s governance through demographic and health surveys in transitional European countries: The example of Albania
Authors: Muja Herion , Burazeri Genc , Schröder-Bäck Peter , Brand Helmut
Published: May 2023

To inform policymakers well, there is a need to promote different types of health examination surveys as additional sources of valuable information which, otherwise, would not be available through routine/administrative statistics. This is especially important for former communist countries of South Eastern Europe including Albania, where the existing health information system (HIS) is weak.
Among many efforts to strengthen the HIS in Albania, there is currently a commitment to undertake a second round of a nationwide Demographic and Health Survey (DHS). This survey will involve a nationwide representative sample of about 17,000 private households, where all women aged 15-59 years and their respective partners will be interviewed and examined.
Externally, the upcoming Albanian DHS will contribute to the European Union accession requirements regarding provision of standardized and valid health information. Furthermore, the DHS will considerably enhance the core functions of the Albanian health system in line with the WHO recommendations. Internally, the DHS will promote societal participation and responsibility in transitional Albania. Importantly, the forthcoming survey will promote good governance including transparency, accountability and health system responsiveness. Also, the DHS will allow for collection of internationally valid and standardized baseline socio-demographic and health information for: assessment of future national trends; monitoring and evaluation of health programs and interventions; evidencing health disparities and inequities; and cross-national comparisons between Albania and different countries of the European Region. Ultimately, findings of the DHS will enable rational decision-making and evidence-based policy formulation in Albania including appropriate planning, prioritization and sound resource allocation. However, transfer of the information collected and implementation in public health policies and interventional programs is rather challenging for most of the countries, particularly for transitional post-communist countries of South Eastern Europe including Albania.
A code of ethical conduct for the public health profession
Authors: Laaserulrich.laaser@uni-bielefeld.de  z Ulrich , Schröder-Bäck Peter , Eliakimu Eliudi , Czabanowska Katarzyna
Published: May 2023

Aim: Agreeing on a Code of Ethical Conduct is an essential step in the formation and definition of a public health profession in its own right. In this paper we attempt to identify a limited number of key ethical principles to be reflected as professional guidance.
Methods: We used a consensus building approach based on narrative review of pivotal literature and theoretical argumentation in search for corresponding terms and - in a second step - attempted to align them to a limited number of key values. The resulting draft code of ethical conduct was validated employing a framework of the Council of Europe and reviewed in two quasi Delphi rounds by members of a global think tank.
Results: The alignment exercise demonstrated the acceptability of five preselected key principles: solidarity, equity, efficiency, respect for autonomy, and justice whereas three additional principles were identified during the discussion rounds: common good, stewardship, and keeping promises.
Conclusions: In the context of emerging and re-emerging diseases as well as increase in lifestyle-related diseases, the proposed Code of Ethical Conduct may serve as a mirror which public health professionals will use to design and implement public health interventions. Future public health professional chambers or an analogous structure should become responsible for the acknowledgement and enforcement of the Code.
Association of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and cancer antigen 15-3 (CA 15-3) with socio-demographic factors and metastases site in women with metastatic breast cancer in Albania
Authors: Hoti Adrian , Gashi Edmond , Kraja Fationa , Sallaku Agim
Published: May 2023

Aim: The aim of our study was to assess the association of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and cancer antigen 15-3 (CA15-3) with socio-demographic factors and metastases site in women diagnosed with metastatic breast cancer in post-communist Albania.
Methods: A case-series study was carried out during the period January 2010 – September 2017 including 110 female patients diagnosed with breast cancer with metastases at the Oncology Service of the University Hospital Centre “Mother Teresa” in Tirana, the Albanian capital. Of these, 57 (51.8%) patients had evidence of hepatic metastases, whereas the reaming 53 (48.2%) patients had metastases in the bones and/or in the lungs. CEA and CA15-3 were measured at the time of diagnosis for all study participants. In addition, information on socio-demographic factors was collected. General linear model was used to assess the relationship of CEA and CA15-3 with covariates.     
Results: There was evidence of a significant correlation between CEA and CA15-3 levels (Spearman’s rho=0.59, P<0.001). Upon simultaneous adjustment for all covariates, mean values of CEA and CA15-3 were significantly higher in patients with metastases in the bones and/or in the lungs compared with their counterparts with metastases in the liver. Also, CA15-3 levels were significantly higher in younger patients compared with their older counterparts.
Conclusion: This study provides valuable evidence on selected correlates of CEA and CA15-3 in Albanian female patients diagnosed with metastatic breast cancer. Oncologists and other health professionals in Albania, as well as decision-makers and policymakers should be aware of the burden and risk factors of breast cancer among women in this transitional society.
Developing an implementation strategy for a World Health Organization public health report: The implementation of the International Perspectives on Spinal Cord Injury (IPSCI) in Romania
Authors: Groote Per M.von , Comanescu Gabi M. , Ungureanu Claudia , Bickenbach Jerome E. , Lavis John N.
Published: May 2023

Aim: The World Health Organization (WHO) publishes a large number of health reports every year, containing recommendations to overcome societal and system barrier challenges toward targeting unmet health needs. One such report, the International Perspectives on Spi-nal Cord Injury (IPSCI), specifically describes the situation of persons with spinal cord in-jury. Against this backdrop, the question arises about how these recommendations can be incorporated into an implementation strategy. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to describe a phased process of developing an implementation strategy for a WHO public health report with IPSCI serving as a case example.Methods: The process to develop the implementation strategy consisted of specific phases each employing particular mechanisms. The preparatory phase was composed of a group dis-cussion to select development mechanisms. The implementation strategy development phase comprised focus-group interviews, as well as of a stakeholder dialogue. Thematic content analysis was applied to qualitative data.Results: The group discussion led to selection of specific development mechanisms. The focus group mechanism allowed key stakeholders to openly discuss implementation goals and processesand impacted the selection of the core implementation group members and the focus of the stakeholder dialogue (SD) discussion.The SD was instrumental in developing a specific implementation strategy based on the report‟s recommendations. The strategy con-sisted of a detailed implementation plan, provisions to coordinate an implementation group and expert guidance.Conclusion: The findings from the current study can inform the ongoing development of systematic, evidence-informed, participatory and stakeholder-driven processes for the devel-opment of implementation strategies for recommendations from WHO public health reports.
Five years of the South Eastern European Journal of Public Health (SEEJPH): Focusing on health systems in transition and global health
Authors: Holst Jens , Breckenkamp Jürgen , Burazeri Genc , Martin-Moreno Jose M. , Schröder-Bäck Peter , Laaser Ulrich
Published: May 2023

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On the perspectives of Public Health and what IHPA can contribute to its advancement in practice
Authors: Alderslade Richard , Fawcett-Henesy Ainna , Ruseva Maria
Published: May 2023

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The status of health services in the 15 counties of Liberia
Authors: Kesselly Roland Y. , Kwenah Nuaker K. , Gonyon Ernest , Byepu Stephen , Bawo Luke , Jacobs George , Korvayan Justin , Graeser Melanie S. , Galakpai Moses Kortoyassah , Wesseh Sandford , Laaser Ulrich
Published: May 2023

Aim: Liberia, situated at the West African coast, is composed of 15 counties with an economic gradient steeply decreasing from the Northwest to the Southeast. Health-related activities by government action in the 15 counties concentrate on the areas of family planning, antenatal and delivery care, as well as immunization, health workforce and infrastructure. The differences in this regard between the 15 Liberian counties will be reviewed.
Methods: A narrative review is employed, making use of the recent international and national documents, relevant literature and available information from the following primary and secondary sources and databases.
Results: The results point to gross differences between the 15 counties of Liberia in terms of health service provision. The overall readiness based on defined indicators for all 701 facilities was 59% with a range between facilities at the level of counties of 50% to 65%; for family planning services 88% (range 65% – 100%); for antenatal care 62% (range 55% – 100%); for immunization coverage 76% (range 66% – 86%). The health workforce of Liberia comprises 11.8 health workers per 10.000 population, WHO target is 23, the counties range from 8.0 to 15.7. Similarly, according to WHO standards, there should be 2 health facilities per 10.000 inhabitants, Liberia comes up to 1.9 however the counties range from 1.1 – 3.0 per 10.000.
Conclusions: It is obvious that across almost all areas of women and child health and health services in general there exist large differences between counties, which points to considerable health inequities in this country. The government of Liberia should consider reallocating the available resources per number of population instead of accepting historical developments, however with a correction factor in favou of disadvantaged regions and population groups.
The corporatization of global health: The impact of neoliberalism
Authors: Marstein Egil , Babich Suzanne M.
Published: May 2023

Concomitant with the emergence of a neoliberal precept for global health is the decline in support for publicly funded programs working to alleviate health disparities in poor countries. An unequivocal faith in the privatization and marketization of public health services is evident in current day national policy reforms.  Commodification of health services is perceived as a cure-all. Privatization of global health initiatives contrasts with the past institutional paradigm. Corporate and philanthropic power trumps intergovernmental governance. The epistemological precept is clear: Global health is best served with mandated private initiatives. Powerful foundations cause critical shifts in the balance of power among stakeholders and become preeminent players in global health policy agenda formation. The ethics of consequentialism have attained current day prominence. This contrasts with the merits and relevancy of de-ontological ethics in which rules and moral duty are central. In this paper, authors make a case for contesting the ethos of effective altruism or venture philanthropy, suggesting that this approach keeps nations and people from recognizing the oppressive nature of neoliberalism as a governing precept for global health.
Women leadership for public health: The added value and needs of women driving public health system reform in Ukraine
Authors: Czabanowska Katarzyna , Anna CichowskaMyrup  , Aleksandrova Olga
Published: May 2023

The Ukrainian health care system is undergoing reforms. Although women constitute a driving force in the Ukrainian health system transformation, their economic and decision-making participation remains extremely low. The existence of barriers such as:  work/life balance, gender bias, stereotypes, lack of confidence, lack of mentoring, and lack of adequate networking and equal access to opportunities prevent women from reaching high leadership positions.
With the aim to empower the current and future female public health leaders, the Ministry of Health of Ukraine and WHO held a seminar entitled “Women’s Leadership in Public Health” in Kyiv on 16-18 May 2017. The seminar was based on the assumption that contemporary public health demands require a more inclusive and less hierarchical style of leadership – focused on developing and working with stakeholder networks. Such a leadership style is more effective in achieving public health goals.
The international, interdisciplinary and inter-professional faculty engaged in the interactive meaning making around such topics as: the self-assessment of leadership competencies, public health leadership, leadership theories, system thinking, dealing with interests, power and stakeholders, barriers to women leadership and methods to address them, special leadership tools for women empowerment and leading change, communication and impact. Strengthening health systems for better health was the red thread throughout the whole seminar.
Need for nursing care support in cancer patients: Registry-linkage study in Germany
Authors: Spallek Jacob , Breckenkamp Jürgen , Kraywinkel Klaus , Schwabe Wolfgang , Krieg Volker , Greiner Wolfgang , Damm Oliver , Razum Oliver
Published: May 2023

Aim: In Germany, very little is known about the need for assistance and nursing care support among cancer patients after hospitalization. The aim of this study was to describe nursing care support for cancer patients and to analyse whether these patients need more care assistance than other persons in need for care.
Methods: This was a registry linkage study conducted in 2011. Cases were identified from the population-based cancer registry for the Muenster District in north-western Germany and in factually anonymised form linked by a semi-automatic probabilistic procedure (the standard procedure of the cancer registry) with medical examination records of patients applying for assistance and nursing care support from the regional statutory health insurance. The application records of 4,029 patients with colon, breast and prostate cancer were compared to a reference group of 13,104 non-cancer patients.
Results: In only 41.7% of colon, 45.8% of breast and 37.4% of prostate cancer patients was the malignancy the main underlying diagnostic cause for the application of assistance and nursing care. These patients were on average younger (mean age 71.1 vs. 76.8 years) than the non-cancer reference group, required higher levels of support (79.5 vs. 58.1% “considerable” or higher level care need) and their applications were less likely to be rejected (odds ratios [ORs] 0.26, 0.28, and 0.31, respectively). By contrast, the proportion of successful applications and the level of support granted did not differ between multimorbid cancer patients with other main diagnoses as compared to non-cancer applicants.
Conclusion: Patients with colon, breast or prostate cancer do not need per se more nursing care than non-cancer patients. Only if cancer is the main underlying diagnosis for nursing care support, higher levels of support are needed.
Healthcare access in Bosnia and Herzegovina in the light of European Union accession efforts
Authors: Jarke Hannes , Džindo Amra , Jakob Lea
Published: May 2023

European Union (EU) member states are bound to ensure accessible, good quality healthcare for all of their citizens. In 2018, Bosnia and Herzegovina has been named as a candidate for accession to EU membership as part of the “Strategy for the Western Balkans”. This scoping review identifies healthcare access issues in the country, aiming to inform policy-makers of challenges that may be faced in a possible membership application process and beyond. While the country has seemingly improved citizens’ healthcare access—as measured by the Healthcare Access and Quality Index—various specific problems remain unresolved. The main barrier to equal access appears to lie in the division of the healthcare system between the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, the Republika Srpska, and the Brcko District, which also influences medicine availability and pricing. Although not necessarily systematic, studies further report distance from healthcare providers, alleged widespread corruption, discrimination of minorities and vulnerable populations, as well as vaccination gaps as problems in healthcare access for specific groups. While certainly not easy to realise, this scoping review concludes that possible solutions could include efforts to unify the healthcare and pricing system, and the implementation of the World Health Organization’s Essential Medicines List, as well as investigating and tackling corruption and stigma issues.
Responsible leadership styles and promotion of stakeholders’ health
Authors: Macassa Gloria
Published: May 2023

The aim of this short report is to stimulate a conversation on the potential role to be played by responsible leadership in promoting the health and well-being of stakeholders (employees and society at large).
The report first describes responsible leadership styles and then briefly discusses the potential connection with health promotion within the lens of the wider determinants of health and intersectorial collaboration.
Integrative responsible leadership and health promotion share a common vision: to alter the economic, environmental, and social contexts in which decisions relating to health and well-being are made, thus affecting health equity.
Overweight and obesity among women living in peri-urban areas in West Africa
Authors: Malik Koussoh Simone , Adoubi Anicet , Kouadio Kouamé , Kouamé Jérôme , Sackou Julie
Published: May 2023

Aim: This study assessed selected correlates of overweight and obesity among women in a sub-urban population of Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted during April-May, 2014 in Abobo-Anonkoi 3, a peri-urban city of Abidjan in Côte d’Ivoire. Women of 18 years and older healthy in appearance were randomly recruited from households. Overweight and obesity were measured by BMI respectively greater or equal to 25 and 30 kg/m2. Abdominal obesity was defined by waist to hip ratio greater or equal to 0.80. The level of physical activity was evaluated by the IPAQ questionnaire and the blood pressure according to the criteria of the JNC7 report. A regression analysis of the associated factors with overweight and obesity (age, marital status, level of study, level of physical activity, blood pressure, and socioeconomic status) was carried out.
Results: We visited 486 households in which 398 women were approached and 327 agreed to participate in the survey. The average age was 35.25 ± 12.4 years. The prevalence of overweight was 27.2% and that of obesity was 19.6%; 72.2%of women had abdominal obesity. The prevalence of abdominal obesity was 90.6% among obese people. Age (p=0.006), marital status (p=0.002) and blood pressure (p=0.004) were significantly associated with obesity. With regard to abdominal obesity, there was a significant association of educational level in addition to the above factors.
Conclusion: Overweight and obesity are a reality in this population of Côte d’Ivoire and about one in five people are affected by the scourge of obesity.
Screening for viral Hepatitis Bin theRoma community in Tirana, Albania
Authors: Kureta Elona , Murati Ermelinda , Tomini Eugena , Roshi Enver , Bino Silvia , Basho Mimoza
Published: May 2023

Aim:According to the previous studies conducted in Albania involving Roma communities and in general populations,the prevalence of HBV was 13% and 7%-9%,respectively.Due to this high prevalence of HBV and difficulties accessing adequate healthcare, a screening was performed in some areas where Roma populations live. The aim of this study was to assessthe prevalence of HBV in the Roma population in Albania in order to make evidence-based recommendations for increasing the awareness of the population about this disease and increase the access to the vaccination.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in threerural areas and in four urban areas in Tirana districtwith known limited population movement. OpenEpi was used to calculate the sample size.The laboratory methods used consisted ofthe immune chromatographic method, Rapid Test and ELISA.Results: 27 outof 174 specimens tested positive for HBV. The prevalence of HBsAg was 15.5% (95%CI=10.8%-21.6%).The age-related positivity ofHBsAg was 10.6% for the age-group 19-24 years,19.4% for the age 25-44 years and 11.8% for the age 45-59 years.Of the positive cases, 15were females and 12 were males. The areas with the highest positivity rate for HBsAg were Tufina(24%), Health Care Center no.8 (23.1%) andSauk (15.4%).Conclusion: A higher prevalence of HBV was found among Roma population in Tirana district compared to the general population. The age-group25-44 years, males,and people residing in Tufina area showed a higher HBsAgpositivity rate.Improvement of the sentinel surveillance,increase of the awareness about the disease, promotion of vaccination and healthy behaviour, are the recommended actions that should target the Roma population
Anti-tobacco text warnings in Italy: Geography, language and South Tyrol
Authors: Houghton Frank , Doherty Diane O’ , McInerney Derek , Duncan Bruce
Published: May 2023

Conflicts of interest: None.
Integrated corporate social responsibility and human resources management for stakeholders health promotion
Authors: Macassa Gloria
Published: May 2023

In the past decade, there has been an argument for the inclusion of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in models and business strategies. However, the conversion of CSR strategy into actual managerial practices and outcome values remains an issue of ongoing debate as well an important challenge for business organizations. Furthermore, still is very little discussion on how business will influence stakeholder’s health promotion and surrounding environment as means to help address society’s most pressing challenges.
This paper discusses the potential of public health literacy in advancing stakeholders’ health promotion beyond the workplace. The discussion argues that integrating corporate social responsibility (CSR) and human resources management (HRM) is an effective strategy to achieve social sustainability in organizations in which stakeholders’ health and well-being are important components.
This short report describes an integrated CSR-HRM and describes how it can facilitate public health literacy. In the era of sustainable development, there is a need to discuss how business organizations can strategize to enhance internal and external stakeholders’ health and well-being.
Mortality reduction in the Russian Federation: Significant progress contrary to Western beliefs
Authors: Burazeri Genc
Published: May 2023

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Switching emergency contraceptives to non-prescription status and unwanted pregnancy among adult and teenage women: A long-term European comparative study
Authors: Italia Salvatore , Schröder-Bäck Peter , Brand Helmut
Published: May 2023

Aim: Unwanted pregnancy is an important social issue, not least among teenagers. Emergency contraceptives (EMCs) can prevent from unintended pregnancy, if taken quickly after unprotected sex. This study’s objective was assessing abortion/birth rates among adult and teenage women in Europe before/after an EMC switch to non-prescription status.
Methods: National authorities were consulted for EMC consumption data and abortion/live birth statistics. Rates (n=26 countries) in the year before the switch (= year of reference) were compared with rates before/after the change (up to ±15 years). The focus was laid on the European Union and further countries closely related to the European Union.
Results: All countries with available data (n=12) experienced a substantial increase of EMC consumption after the switch. On average, abortion rates among women aged 15–49 years were 83% higher 15 years before (compared with the year of reference) and 14% lower 15 years after the switch. Correspondingly, teenage abortion rates were 35% higher 15 years before and 40% lower 15 years after the switch. In 2017, no country had higher teen abortion rates than at time of the switch. Teen birth rates continued decreasing at almost the same rate after the switch as before.
Conclusion: An EMC switch to non-prescription status increases EMC use and may contribute reducing unwanted pregnancy among teenage girls.
Migrant Health Policy in European Union (EU) and a non EU country: Current situation and future challenges for improvement
Authors: Tozija Fimka , Lizana Tona
Published: May 2023

Aim: The influx of refugees, asylum seekers and migrants in Europe is an ongoing reality and migrant health has become very important public health problem. The aim of this paper is to analyze and compare the health profile, migrant situation and migration integration health policy in Spain as a European Union (EU) country and Republic of North Macedonia as a country in process of European Union accession.
Methods: Migration Integration Policy Index (MIPEX) Health strand questionnaire (2015) was applied to compare health policies for migrant integration in both countries.
Results: There are differences between Spain and Macedonia in health care coverage and access to health services for migrants. Spain has health strand total score of 52 and is in the same group with Austria, Ireland, Belgium, Netherlands, Denmark and Sweden. Macedonia has lower health strand total score 38 and is in the same group with Turkey, Cyprus, Slovakia. Targeted migrant health policies are stronger and services more responsive in Spain compared to Macedonia which offers migrants legal entitlements to healthcare, but health services should be more culturally responsive to migrant health needs.
Conclusion: Health migration policy in both countries is closely tied to the general immigration policy.
Facing the COVID-19 challenge: When the world depends on effective public health interventions
Authors: Martin-Moreno Jose M.
Published: May 2023

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Risk management and prevention of antibiotics resistance: The PREVENT IT project
Authors: Kaur Kiranjeet , Greco Stefano , Saroj Sunil D. , Hossain Shaikh Shah , Pradhan Himanshu Sekhar , Singh Sanjeev K. , Clerici Francesca , Sood Meenakshi , Brand Helmut , John Preethi , Schröder-Bäck Peter
Published: May 2023

Background: Globally, a significant increase in the emergence of antibiotic resistant (ABR) path-ogens has rendered several groups of antibiotics ineffective for the treatment of life-threatening infections. It is an endemic in hospital settings and a major concern while handling pathogens involved in an epidemic or pandemic. ABR is a matter of great concern due to its recusant impact on public health and cost to the healthcare system, especially in developing country like India. An indiscriminate and inappropriate usage of antimicrobials, poor infrastructure and sanitation are the major factors driving the evolution of ABR in such countries. Therefore, in addition to the devel-opment of novel therapeutics and safeguarding the efficacy of existing antibiotics, there is an ur-gent need for a programme focussed on the education in risk management and prevention of ABR.
Aim: To promote qualitative teaching activities in academia and society to visualize a future where every individual is aware of ABR and empowered with right education to address the issue.
Methods: The project ‘Risk Management and Prevention of Antibiotics Resistance - PREVENT IT’, funded by the ERASMUS+ Programme of the European Union, converges academicians and non-government organizations (NGOs) to inculcate a sense of awareness towards the increase in the frequency of ABR pathogens, judicial usage of antimicrobials and the economic/health burden of ABR, in students, academicians, clinicians and population at large.
Expected outcome: The project commissioned envisages a behavioural change in individuals and attempts to support policymakers by executing stable changes in the curricula of institutes of higher education, developing advanced workshop modules for the training of academicians and disseminating ABR-related information through conferences/seminars, social media campaigns and an online platform dedicated to ABR. In addition, the project aims to develop a European-Indian network for the management of risk and prevention of ABR.