bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SYMPTOMS VARIATION OF VIRAL INFECTIONS IN YARDLONG BEAN
Authors: Supyani Supyani , Nurul Septariani Dwiwiyati , Hadiwiyono Hadiwiyono
Published: September 2020

Yardlong bean (Vigna unguiculata subsp. sesquipedalis L.) is an important horticultural commodity in Indonesia. During the last ten years, yardlong bean planting areas in Indonesia especially in Java often suffered from epidemics of viral disease showing typical symptoms of yellow mosaic on their leaves. Some researchers have separately reported that the symptoms associated with some viral infections. This research aimed to examine viruses associated with the symptoms of yellow mosaic on yardlong bean in endemic areas in Sukoharjo, Central Java, Indonesia. Yardlong bean leaves were taken from the district by purposive sampling method, then the virus was detected by nucleic acid amplification using specific primers for Begomovirus, Bean common mosaic virus (BCMV) and Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV). The results showed that one sample of yardlong bean could be infected by more than one virus. Infection of two kind of virus in a yardlong bean showed symptoms of each virus plus a synergistic effect where the symptoms become more severe.
THE POTENCY OF CALABUR TREE (Muntingia calabura) LEAF EXTRACT TO CONTROL ANTHRACNOSE OF PAPAYA FRUIT
Authors: Efri Efri , Aeny Titik Nur , Ivayani Ivayani , Hulfa Meisroyatul
Published: September 2020

The potency of calabur tree (Muntingia calabura) leaf extract to control anthracnose of papaya fruit. The papaya anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides is one of the factors causing a decrease in papaya production. The research aimed to determine the abilty of calabur tree leaf extract in inhibiting growth, sporulation, and viability of C. gloeosporioides as well as incubation period and disease severity on the fruit of papaya. The experiment was arranged in a nested design, the concentrations (0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60%) were nested within the calabur tree leaf extract methods (boiling and fractionation). The results showed that boiled calabur leaves extract was more effective than fractionated calabur leaves extract to inhibit growth of C. gloeosporioides. Boiled calabur leaves extract and fractionated leaves extract at various concentration showed capability to inhibit the growth, sporulation and viability of C. gloeosporioides. Boiled calabur leaves extract at different concentration levels were able to suppress disease development of papaya anthracnose disease on papaya fruit. The higher concentration of calabur leaves extract, are more effective to inhibit C. gloeosporioides.
FRUIT FLIES (DIPTERA: TEPHRITIDAE) DIVERSITY IN HORTICULTURAL FARM OF MERAWANG SUB-DISTRICT, BANGKA DISTRICT, BANGKA BELITUNG ISLANDS
Authors: Supratiwi Rahayu , Apriyadi Rion , Asriani Euis
Published: September 2020

Fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) are main pests in fruit and vegetable cultivation. There are 4000 species offruit flies in the world and 35% of them are important pests, including commercial fruits that have high economic value.Merawang District is one of the centers of horticultural production, especially fruits and vegetables. One of the threats to theproduction of horticultural commodities is the attack of fruit flies. The purpose of this study was to determine the diversity,distribution, and types of fruit flies in horticultural crops in Merawang Sub-District, Bangka District. The research wasconducted in descriptive method, in this case, the survey method was also used. The sampling was done in purposivesampling method. In total, 1248 specimen of fruit flies were collected by using different attractant traps and identified. Themethyl eugenol (ME) and cue lure (CUE) attractants trapped 1076 and 172 specimens, respectively. The diversity of fruit fliesin Merawang Sub-District was relatively low, in total 9 species fruit flies were observed and identified as Bactrocera dorsalis(Hendel), B. umbrosa (Fabricius),  B. carambolae (Drew & Hancock), B. occipitalis (Bezzi), Zeugodacus cucurbitae (Coquillett),B. albistrigata (de Meijer), Z. caudata (Fabricius), B. limbifera (Bezzi), and Dacus nanggalae (Drew & Hancock). The speciesdominant observed at the study site were B. dorsalis (Hendel), B. carambolae (Drew & Hancock), and B. occipitalis (Bezzi).Air Anyir Village was the highest number of fruit flies species.
TEST OF BLOOD DISEASE BACTERIUM (BDB) TRANSMISSION BY POTENTIAL INSECT VECTORS
Authors: Sahetapy Betty , Maryana Nina , Manuwoto Syafrida , H. Mutaqin Kikin , Latumahina Fransina
Published: September 2020

Blood disease bacterium (BDB) is one of the important diseases in banana and a major obstacle in developing and increasing banana production in Indonesia. The purpose of this study was to prove the ability of the Drosophilidae insect as a vector in transmitting BDB. The research was conducted at the Insect Biosystematics Laboratory and Plant Bacteriology Laboratory, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University. Drosophilidae insects were taken from the field and then reared in laboratory by being fed with ripe bananas to obtain offspring that are free from diseases or pathogens. Imago of the Drosophilidae from rearing was fed by inoculum sources which was infected banana, then inoculated into healthy plants. The plants used were healthy and flowering, heliconia. The results showed that the Drosophilidae insects were able to transmit BDB to heliconia plants that showed symptoms, brownish flower colors and falling flower crowns. Detection of BDB isolated from flower parts and the inside parts of the insects used in transmission test using the PCR method showed positive results.
SCREENING OF COMPETENT RICE ROOT ENDOPHYTIC BACTERIA TO PROMOTE RICE GROWTH AND BACTERIAL LEAF BLIGHT DISEASE CONTROL
Authors: Prihatiningsih Nur , Adi Djatmiko Heru , Lestari Puji
Published: September 2020

Screening of competent rice root endophytic bacteria to promote rice growth and bacterial leaf blight disease control. This study was aimed to collect isolate endophytic bacterial of rice roots which able to produce IAA, determine the effect of endophytic bacteria application in stimulating rice plant growth, and  evaluate the potential of rice root endophytic bacteria for controlling bacterial leaf blight. This reasearch was carried out at the Screen House, Plant Protection Laboratory, and Agrohorti Laboratory of the Agriculture Faculty, Jenderal Soedirman University. Isolation of rice root endophytic bacteria was carried out by purposive random sampling from several marginal lands. The results showed that 8 isolates of rice root endophytic bacteria were able to produce IAA, ranging from 57.56 to 79.33 ppm and B07 isolate from Serayu produced the highest amount of IAA. The B04 and B07 isolates were contributed to increase the rice plant growth. The application of rice root endophytic bacteria was effective in controlling bacterial leaf blight.
THE POTENCY OF ANGLE MEASUREMENT AND COMPARISON OF VEIN LENGTHS IN DISTINGUISHING BACTROCERA SPECIES COMPLEXES
Authors: Pratyadhiraksana Gesang , Murniningtyas Puji Lestari Tri , Hari Murti Rudi , Suputa Suputa
Published: September 2020

The potency of angle measurement and comparison of vein lengths in distinguishing Bactrocera species complexes. One of the most conspicuous features of Bactrocera fruit flies is their wing, which can be elaborated for identification. The distinctive wing patterns are used to separate species and classify species complexes. The wing shape can be used as a potential discriminator between closely related taxa. To develop wing applications in taxonomy, in this study, the degree measure of angles and the comparisons of vein lengths were investigated quantitatively to distinguish among important pest quarantine species of the Bactrocera dorsalis complex: B. dorsalis and B. carambolae; the B. frauenfeldi complex: B. frauenfeldi and B. albistrigata; and a species belonging to subgenus Zeugodacus, B. cucurbitae. The result showed that species complexes were clustered into significantly different groups based on the degree measure of cell br and the comparison between r-m and dm-cu cross-vein length. This conclusive evidence was supported by phylogenetic analysis using COI gene. This present result indicated that the cell br angle measure and the comparison between r-m and dm-cu vein length could be applied to distinguish species complexes in genus Bactrocera.
MORPHOLOGICAL IDENTIFICATION AND POPULATION OF FRUIT FLY (Bactrocera sp.) (Diptera: Tephritidae) IN CHILI FIELDS, SAVANAJAYA VILLAGE BURU DISTRICT
Authors: V. Hasinu Jeffij , A. Patty John , N. C. Tuhumury Gratiana
Published: September 2020

Morphological identification and population of fruit fly (Bactrocera sp.) (Diptera: Tephritidae) in chili fields, SavanajayaVillage Buru District. Fruit fly (Bactrocera sp.) are pests that damage horticultural crops, one of which is chili and has thepotential to reduce the production quality and quantity. The aim of this research was to identify and obtain populationnumbers of fruit fly species in the chili fields in Savanajaya Village, Buru District. This study used diagonal sampling methodwith fruit fly traps placed randomly at each sub location of sampling, traps were modified Steiner ’s Trap type. Each trap wasconsisted of 1.5 mL of methyl eugenol on cotton ball, the treatment was repeated three times. Observations were at 3, 6, 9 and12 days after application (daa). The identification results showed that the fruit flies species that trapped were Bactroceradorsalis (Hendel) and Bactrocera umbrosus (Fabricius). The highest number of fruit fly was trapped at 6 daa with an averageof 110.67 to 134.03 or 48.51 to 58.73% from total catch, in addition the lowest catch was at 12 daa with an average of 29.67 to64.67 or 12.99 to 28. 34%. The average number of trapped population was 914.62 individuals.
IMPACT OF ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING ON THE TYPE AND POPULATION OF PESTS, NATURAL ENEMIES, AND YIELDS OF THE RICE
Authors: Usyati N , Kurniawati Nia , Rumasa Oco
Published: September 2020

Impact of ecological engineering on the type and population of pests, natural enemies, and yields of the rice. This study was performed to investigate the impact of the ecological engineering in the rice field on the crop damage caused by yellow stem borer, including it’s type and population as well as its natural enemies and the yields of the rice. The study was conducted in farmer’s fields in Subang District in the dry and the wet seasons. The research was arranged using Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 9 treatments and 3 replications. The observation was conducted on the crop damage caused by yellow stem borer, the type and the population of pests insect, its predator, and parasitoid as well as yields of the rice. The planting of flowering plants and crops showed inconsistent effect on the population of brown planthoppers, white-backed planthoppers, and rice black bug. Moreover, it also not significantly impact the yellow stem borer. The planting of flowering plants and crops did not affect the rice yields. The parasitization level of the parasitoid was in ranged of 47.32–50.47% (dry season) and 36.37–53.92% (wet season). The neutral insect population was dominant at the beginning of planting (11–1743), meanwhile at the maximum tillering until the harvest was dominated by predators (9.33–131.33). The parasitoids were relatively contrasted on each stage of the rice plant.
CHARACTERIZATION OF EGGPLANT ENDOPHYTE BACTERIA AND RHIZOBACTERIA AS WELL AS THEIR ANTAGONISTIC ABILITY AGAINST Ralstonia solanacearum
Authors: Puspita Saridewi Larasati , Prihatiningsih Nur , Adi Djatmiko Heru
Published: September 2020

Characterization of eggplant endophyte bacteria and rhizobacteria as well as their antagonistic ability against Ralstonia solanacearum. Bacterial wilt caused by Ralsonia solanacearum is one of important diseases causing severe loses in eggplant production. Various strategies were used to manage bacterial wilt, including planting resistant varieties, soil amandement, and soil solarization. However, management of R. solanacearum in eggplant by using endophytic bacteria and rhizobacteria were not been done that much. The objective of this study was to: (1) characterization of endophytic and rhizobacteria; (2) determines the inhibition ability of endophytic and rhizobacteria isolates against R. solanacearum pathogen on eggplant. The laboratory experiment was arranged in completely randomized design with 5 treatments and 5 replications. The double layer method using yeast peptone glucose agar (YPGA) medium was used in vitro test. Based on the morphological characteristics these isolates were suspected as a member of genus Bacillus. Among the isolates used in this study, TK isolate showed the best capability to inhibit growth of R. solanacearum.
PERAN KEPALA SEKOLAH PEREMPUAN DALAM UPAYA PENINGKATAN MUTU PENDIDIKAN DI SEKOLAH DASAR MUHAMMADIYAH 01 PEKANBARU
Authors: Andriani Tuti
Published: September 2020

This article discusses the role of female school principals in efforts to improve the quality of education in Muhammadiyah Elementary School 01 Pekanbaru, which uses descriptive qualitative methods. The key informants were the Principal of the Muhammadiyah Elementary School 01 Pekanbaru and the supporting informants were teachers, foundation administrators, students, parents, and the surrounding community. Data collection techniques using interviews and documentation. Data analysis techniques through the stages of data reduction, data display, conclusion drawing and verification. The research findings show that female school principals have the ability to improve the quality of education by acting as administrators, supervisors, innovators and motivators. Supporting factors are: (1) friendly and gentle nature; (2) the assertiveness of women; (3) management knowledge; (4) willing to sacrifice both in terms of material and time; and (5) collective and collegial leadership. While the inhibiting factors are: (1) it is still difficult for a female leader to hide/ control her emotions; (2) physical condition which is weak or vulnerable to disease, is one of the obstacles to the role of women's leadership; and (3) the difficulty of collaborating with foundations, so that it impedes women's leadership a bit.
NASKAH MELAYU DIGITAL: SEBUAH INOVASI SUMBER KAJIAN PENDIDIKAN ISLAM BERBASIS INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY (ICT)
Authors: Roza Ellya , Mudasir Mudasir
Published: September 2020

This paper aims to find out the digital Malay manuscript as a source of studies in the field of Islamic education. Malay manuscript is one of the nation's documents written manually using Arabic-Malay characters and in Malay. This means that the Malay manuscript is a stroke of the local genius of the nation and is an intellectual icon of the people of his day. But along with advances in technology, the Malay manuscript also experienced development through this technology by means of digitalization. In terms of methodology, this paper is a study of historical and cultural heritage involving Malay manuscript, so this study uses descriptive qualitative methods that are linked to analysis and interpretation and finally focuses on content analysis. At the end of the study it was found that in addition to the Quran and Hadith which are the sources of Islamic education studies, it turns out that the digital Malay manuscript can be used as the next source, because the Malay manuscript is a legacy of cultural heritage that is loaded with noble values of life such as social, political, religious, educational, culture, economics, language, literature and so on. Therefore, digital Malay manuscript is an ICT-based innovation that can be used as a source of study of Islamic education. Digital Malay manuscripts are very easy to obtain because in various places where Malay manuscripts have been digitalized, scientists can use them. In addition, digital Malay manuscripts can be accessed through the internet with various sites.
NILAI-NILAI PENDIDIKAN AKHLAK PERSPEKTIF IMAM NAWAWI AL-BANTANI DALAM KITAB NASHAIH AL-‘IBAD
Authors: Khamid Abdul
Published: September 2020

As we know that Imam Nawawi is a scholars of salaf thinkers who produce famous great works, he feels that it is very important that a person who has strong faith, perfection of aqidah and akhlak also quality and adequate of education must be possessed by everyone in their life. So the aims of this study is to find out and examine what education in the Nashaih al-'Ibad, the questions that will be answered through this research are: (1) how is the description of Imam Nawawi's thoughts about the values of moral education; (2) how is the relevance of the value of moral education by Imam Nawawi's thinking towards students today. To answer this question, this research using a library approach. The research method used is the type of literature, while the primary data source from the Nashaih al-‘Ibad book, and the source of the secondary from other books related to this research. The technical data analysis using inductive method and deductive method. The findings of this research indicate that the value of moral education in the Nashaih al-‘Ibad by Imam Nawawi al-Bantani is very much needed for the world of education today. From this it is hoped that a person who has good character and strong friendship will be realized.
ASESMEN KEMAMPUAN MENGENAL HURUF ANAK USIA DINI MELALUI MEDIA BIGBOOK
Authors: Risnita Risnita , Oktaviana Winda
Published: September 2020

The ability to recognize letters is an important ability developed in children to prepare children to enter the next level of education. This study aims to develop the ability to recognize the letters in children using big book media in Mutiara Almadani Kindergarden. This research uses classroom action research approach (collaborative classroom action research). The study population is children of Mutiara Almadani Kindergarten Sungai Penuh City which amounts to 200 people which is divided into 10 study groups and sampling technique is cluster sampling, that is B3 group which is 20 children. Data collection techniques are observation, interview, documentation, and field notes. Data analysis technique used in this research is quantitative analysis with percentage and qualitative analysis. The results showed that there was an increase in the ability to recognize letters that is in the initial condition of 45% increase in cycle I to 60,42%, in cycle II increased by 75% and in cycle III to 88,33% with very developed criteria good. Thus it can be concluded that the media big book can develop the ability to recognize the letters of children in Mutiara Almadani Kindergarten Sungai Penuh City.
INTEGRATION OF NAQLI AND AQLI KNOWLEDGE IN ISLAMIC SCIENCE UNIVERSITY OF MALAYSIA: CONCEPT AND MODEL
Authors: Zarkasih Zarkasih , Yusuf Kadar M , Hasanuddin H. , Susilawati Susilawati
Published: September 2020

The aim of this study is to explore the concepts and models of integration implemented by Islamic Science University of Malaysia (USIM). USIM was chosen as the focus of this study because of its firm commitment to the implementation of integration. For instance, the USIM vision statement makes it clear that the university has an ambition to become a “leader in the integration of naqli and aqli knowledge”. The method of data collection used in this study involved the analysis of document and interviews. Documentation was used to obtain data related to integration concepts and models applied in USIM. Then, interviews were conducted to gather information from key informant to supplement the findings from the documentation. It was found that the integration concepts and models applied at USIM consist of four categories or levels namely: al-nusus (ayatization), al-muqaranah (comparison), al-taqyim (adaptation) and at-tafaqquh (integration). These four concepts were have been implemented in detail in the learning process, as well as in research and community development.
Membangun Kesadaran Masyarakat Dalam Pemeliharaan Bendungan Gondrok Sebuah aksi partisipatorif dalam memelihata Irigasi Pertanian Di Desa Bedohon, Jiwan, Madiun
Authors: Fitrianto Achmad Room , Khoirunnisa Athifa W. Fitri , Amaliyah Lailatul
Published: September 2020

Desa Bedoho dengan luas wilayahnya 75% area pertanian dan 25% permukiman masyarakat, menjadikan sektor pertanian menjadi sektor andalan perekonomian warganya. Kondisi alam seperti ketersediaan air dan kelayakan irigasi menjadi penting. Indonesia pada umumnya yang memiliki dua musim, kemarau dan penghujan, menjadikan pengaturan air untuk persawahan perlu dilakukan. Dimusim penghujan air akan sangat berlimpah sedangkan di musim kemarau air menjadi barang yang susah. Gondrok yang merupakan salah satu aliran irigasi yang berfungsi untuk irigasi dan manajemen pengairan memiliki peran penting dalam keberlangsungan aktifitas pertanian warga Desa Bedoho. Penelitian berbasis pendampingan ini bertujuan untuk menumbuhkan kesadaran masyarakat akan pentingnya kebersihan gondrok demi kelancaran irigasi pertanian yang ada di Desa Bedoho. Dengan menerapkan metode Asset Based Community Development (ABCD), diharapkan dapat memberikan perubahan dan memanfaatkan secara optimal aset yang sudah ada. Keterlibatan antar berbagai pihak sangat dibutuhkan dalam menerapkan metode ABCD.
Exposição museológica “Transformações: a Amazônia e o antropoceno” Objetos de conhecimentos e suas relações com o ensino das ciências
Authors: Freitas Renan Ferreira de , Oliveira Endell Menezes de , Freitas Nadia Magalhães da Silva
Published: September 2020

As atividades humanas têm impactado severamente o sistema planetário, de modo que a humanidade tem sido considerada uma força geológica. É nesse contexto que os cientistas têm proposto o estabelecimento de uma nova época – o Antropoceno. O Antropoceno insere-se nas grandes discussões relativas aos aspectos ambientais e sociais, que trazem riscos múltiplos à humanidade e ao meio ambiente. Sua abordagem não deve se restringir ao espaço formal de sala de aula. Nesse sentido, a exposição museológica “Transformações: a Amazônia e o Antropoceno”, do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, no município de Belém, estado do Pará, reuniu estes dois temas importantes na contemporaneidade. Para contribuir com essa discussão, empreendemos um processo de investigação, buscando atender ao seguinte objetivo de pesquisa: apreender como se apresentam os objetos de conhecimento da Exposição, em suas relações com o ensino das ciências. Adotamos a abordagem qualitativa e recorremos à observação livre, que se constitui em uma técnica de recolha de dados; tais dados foram submetidos a análise interpretativa. Muitos dos objetos de conhecimentos, vinculados ao Antropoceno na Amazônia foram destacados na exposição, a saber: desmatamento, queimadas, monocultura, pecuária, entre outros, vinculados a floresta. Entendemos que a Exposição desempenhou importante papel no campo educacional, na medida em que trouxe objetos de conhecimentos que representam mediadores de um ensinar e de um aprender com sentido para pensar os eventos que contribuem para a Antropoceno na Amazônia.
Imprisoned Womanhood in Nawal El Saadawi's Woman at Point Zero and Tehmina Durrani's Blasphemy: A Comparative Study
Authors: Singh Pankhuri , Mohsin Dr. Syed Wahaj
Published: September 2020

The prism of female writing has expanded itself in the current scenario. Contemporary writers have broken all the shackles of the feudal society and have come forward to make people aware of the ubiquitous and distressing condition of women. The unapologetic and unabashedly realistic portrayal of women bound in the shackles of caste and gender in Tehmina Durrani’s Blasphemy and Nawal El Saadawi’s Woman at Point Zero brings to surface some of the major issues concerning women’s plight. The issues of captivity, matrimony, violence, subjugation and sexism are delineated with prowess. Blasphemy and Woman at Point Zero through the narratives of their protagonists Heer and Firdaus disclose religious and patriarchal norms as a tool to subjugate and oppress women in an orthodox society. Tehmina Durrani’s Blasphemy depicts how distorted Islamic family code of conduct is thrust upon women compelling them to cohere to fundamental values of wedlock, motherhood, servitude and domesticity. Heer becomes a prisoner in her own haveli after her marriage to Pir Sain. Whereas Nawal El Saadawi in Woman at Point Zero portrays the captive life of Firdaus who is a female prisoner, waiting for her execution. The female characters demonstrate how the social, cultural and political structures are responsible for their captivity, degradation and violation.

The present paper attempts to critically study and draw comparison between the two female protagonists. Heer and Firdaus turn captives in the haveli and prison respectively, but eventually they rip off the fake mask of the society which claims to protect women behind the veil of hypocrisy, strangulating even their basic right to be treated as a human.
Optimal density of Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer) in combination with the Omani abalone (Haliotis mariae), brown mussel (Perna sp.) and seaweed (Ulva fasciata) in a land-based recirculating integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA) system
Authors: Al Rashdi Balqees , Gallardo Wenresti Glino , Yoon Gilha , Al Masroori Hussein
Published: September 2020

An experiment was conducted to develop a land-based recirculating integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA) system using a combination of the Omani abalone (Haliotis mariae) and Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer) as fed species, brown mussel (Perna sp.) and seaweed (Ulva fasciata) as extractive species. Specifically, the study was carried out to determine the optimal seabass density (20, 40 and 60 individuals per 500-liter tank) on water quality and the growth and survival of the cultured species in the system. Sampling of all species was done every two weeks to check their growth. Water samples were taken every two weeks for analysis of ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, phosphate, and silicate. Measurements of temperature, dissolved oxygen and salinity were done daily. Growth of abalone and mussels were higher in fish densities of 20/tank and 40/tank, respectively, while growth and survival of seabass were not significantly different between densities. Biomass of seaweeds decreased during the experiment period. Temperature, dissolved oxygen and salinity were within optimum levels. Ammonia levels decreased as nitrite increased but in some cases it remained high while nitrates did not increase, indicating that nitrites were not converted to nitrates most likely due to the lack of efficient bio-filtration in the mussel tanks
EFFECT OF STORAGE TIME ON THE QUALITY OF SMOKED HETEROCLARIAS
Authors: Ayeloja Ayodeji Ahmed , Jimoh W. A. , Uthman T. O. , Shittu M. O.
Published: September 2020

Effect of storage time on the quality of smoked heteroclarias was studied. 108 samples of heteroclarias (average weight 210 + 15g) was used. Analysis carried out include: proximate, mineral composition (Ca, Na, Fe and Mg), biochemical, amino acid and sensory evaluation. Data obtained was subjected to Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) while the sensory data was subjected to nonparametric test (Kruskal Wallis test). Smoked heteroclarias have good nutritional quality in terms of proximate, mineral and amino acids all of which decrease with increase in duration of storage at ambient temperatures. Glutamic acid  was the most predominant amino acid and the highest non-essential amino acid (NEEA), lysine was the most predominant EAA. There was higher concentration of non-essential amino acids than essential amino acids, EAA/NEAA ratio (0.86 – 0.93) recorded indicates that the fish have excellent protein quality; its the predicted protein efficiency ratio (P-PER) ranged between 3.44-3.61 and its biological value ranged between 79.84 -75.04. Its chemical score and TEAA decrease with increase in storage time. Its texture quality reduced significantly (χ2 = 12.207, p<0.01) with increased storage period. It is therefore recommended that smoked heteroclarias be consumed as soon as it is smoked and regularly for good healthy conditions especially among children, aged and other vulnerable groups.
Farmers' Perception on the influence of Inter-communal Conflicts on Agricultural Production in Shaare/Tsaragi Communities, Kwara State, Nigeria
Authors: Busari Issa Zubair , Oladipo Felix Olayinka , Daudu Abdulrasaq Kamal , Selesi Olawale Samson
Published: September 2020

Rural communities which produce the bulk of agricultural produce in Nigeria have been plagued by several inter communal conflicts. One of such conflicts is Share /Tsaragi inter-communal conflicts. The objective of the study was to assess perceptions of farmers on the influence of inter-communal conflicts on the agricultural production in Share and Tsaragi communities in Edu and Ifelodun Local Government Areas (LGAs) of Kwara State, Nigeria. Methododology. A three-stage random sampling procedure was used to select one hundred and twenty (120) respondents for the study.  Data were collected through the use of interview schedule technique. A likert-type five point continuum scale was used to rank farmers perceptions with five (5) as the most and one (1) as the worst check. Results The results showed that 68% of the respondents were above forty (40) years of age and 70% have resided in the communities for more than ten (10) years. Respondents perceived that conflict of resource which bordered on boundary issue, claim of ownership of fertile land at Fejewe area, conversion of leased land to personal property among others are causes of the conflicts within the two communities. The results equally revealed the perceptions of respondents on the effects of conflicts in the area to include scarcity of arable land, displacement of farmers, destruction of lands and crops, scarcity of food and destruction of stored produce among others. The study showed relationship between selected socio-economic characteristics and perception. Conclusion. The study concludes that there should be clear delineation of the boundary within the two communities, lift of ban on some arable lands seized by the government and promotion of other secondary occupation to relieve pressure on the land.
Dynamics of Physical Capital in Artisanal Fisheries and Policy Implications
Authors: Bose Shekar , Al-Masroori Hussein Samh , Salim Al-Hasani Salim Darwish
Published: September 2020

The dynamics of physical capital stock and net investment in artisanal fisheries of Al-Seeb - a coastal fishing town of Muscat Governorate are examined covering the period 2004-2013 . Data were gathered from two sources namely the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries and field survey. A hedonic regression model is used to examine the influence of boat characteristics on the boat acquisition prices and then to derive the growth rate of physical capital stock. Boat characteristics comprising of ‘age’, ‘horsepower (hp)’ and ‘length (vl)’ are found to be statistically significant at the 5% level and carry sign consistent with the economic theory of depreciation and cost respectively. While inter-annual fluctuation of net investment is observed, a positive trend in cumulative investment with an average growth rate of 7.63% is experienced in the fishery during 2004-2013. A crude assessment of the operating costs and the gross revenue of surveyed boat-owners in 2015 showed that on average monthly economic profit of 570.97±169.36SD OMR was received by individual boat-owner which complements the positive trend in cumulative investment.These findings have important management and policy implications in relation to the effective management of harvesting capacity as well as attract investment in the fishery. Finally, some limitations of the study are discussed along with the indication of potential future research.
Long-standing Persistent Atrial Fibrillation Ablation: the Role of the Inter- and Intra-atrial Bundles
Authors: Mitchell Russell , Bonilla Isaza Cesar Augusto
Published: September 2020

Catheter ablation has become the mainstream treatment of atrial fibrillation, but still remains a challenge in those patient with persistent and long standing persistent atrial fibrillation. In addition of isolation of the pulmonary veins, any other areas that can trigger or perpetuate atrial fibrillation need to be isolated. Current technologies may allow to effectively deliver permanently lasting lesions, and therefore improve clinical outcomes after ablation. The specialized conduction system including the Bachmann and septopulmonary bundles, are important substrate targets for the management of atrial fibrillation. The anatomical location of these fibers, and the corresponding approach for ablation are described in this case.
Longstanding Persistent Atrial Fibrillation Ablation: How Do You Perform It?
Authors: Gianni Carola , Natale Andrea , Al-Ahmad Amin
Published: September 2020

Longstanding-persistent atrial fibrillation is one of the most challenging arrhythmias to treat. While radiofrequency catheter ablation is highly effective in paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, pulmonary vein antral isolation (including posterior wall isolation) alone is not enough for nonparoxysmal atrial fibrillation, other targets should be sought in this population. In this case report, we will describe our approach in a typical patient presenting for a first-time ablation procedure for longstanding persistent atrial fibrillation.
Long-standing Persistent Atrial Fibrillation Ablation: How do You Perform it?
Authors: Smietana Jeffrey , Santangeli Pasquale
Published: September 2020

Catheter ablation of long-standing persistent atrial fibrillation (LSPAF) presents unique challenges and the lack of large body of evidence surrounding management makes for disagreement and different approaches for treatment. Outlined is a case example that offers a comprehensive approach to ablation in patients with LSPAF that consists of risk factor management, an ablation strategy, a rigorous trigger protocol and follow-up rhythm monitoring. The case presented highlights management of this difficult population as best guided by current evidence and our experience. Ablation treatment and management strategies will continue to evolve with further randomized data and the advent of improved ablation technologies.
Long-Standing Persistent Atrial Fibrillation Ablation: How Do You Perform? Left and Right Atrial Linear Ablation in Addition to Pulmonary Vein Isolation
Authors: Brunelli Michele , Sammut Mark Adrian
Published: September 2020

Catheter ablation of long-standing persistent atrial fibrillation is not yet clearly defined with respect to endpoints, and different ablative strategies are offered to patients. Presented here is an approach aiming at biatrial debulking in the form of extensive linear ablation, specifically targeting areas of low-voltage complex fractionated electrograms, in addition to pulmonary vein isolation. Its main advantage is that it is not dependent on operator/system variability, since the strategy of isolating the pulmonary veins, superior vena cava and left atrial posterior wall together with achievement of bidirectional block during linear ablation provides objective endpoints that can consistently be reproduced.
Doğu Anadolu Koşullarında Bazı Fasulye Çeşitlerinin Tane Karakterlerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: İdikut Leyla , Karabacak Tolga
Published: September 2020

Bu çalışmada, farklı (Önceler 98, Göynük 98, Yunus 90, Topçu, Aras 98, Alberto, Bermaz, Noyanbey 98, Akman 98, Göksün, Karacaşehir 98) kuru fasulye çeşitlerinin kalite özelliklerinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Metrekarede 20 bitki olacak şekilde planlanan araştırma, 4 tekrarlamalı olarak 2017 yıllında, Mayıs-Eylül ayları arasında Doğu Anadolu (Elazığ) koşullarında yürütülmüştür. Fasulye çeşitlerinin bitkideki tane sayısı, bitkide tane ağırlığı, 100 tane ağırlığı, protein, nişasta ve yağ oranları değerleri incelenmiştir. Araştırma sonunda fasulye çeşitlerinde tane sayısı 25,45-159,85 adet, bitkide tane ağırlığı 19,00-51,15 g, 100 tane ağırlığı 21,18-49,62 g, protein oranı %24,65-28,24, nişasta oranı %40,80-46,31 ve yağ oranı %1,02-1,77 arasında değiştiği kaydedilmiştir. Fasulye çeşitleri arasında protein oranı olarak en yüksek değer Noyanbey 98 çeşidinde, en yüksek tek tane ağırlığı, nişasta ve yağ oranı Göynük 98 çeşidinde tespit edilmiştir.
KIF4A: A potential biomarker for prediction and prognostic of prostate cancer
Authors: Chen Jiahong , Li Maozhang , Fang Shumin , Zhou Xiaobo , Liao Jinxian , Yang Shengbang , Zhu Jianguo , He Renqiang , Lu Jianming , Jiang Funeng , Xu Xiaoming , Zhong Weide
Published: September 2020

Purpose: To investigate the clinical relevance and biological function of the kinesin super-family protein 4A (KIF4A) expression in prostate cancer (PCa).

Methods: We examined 1) the relationship between the expression of KIF4A and clinico-pathological characteristics of PCa patients using a tissue microarray and the Cancer Genome Atlas database, 2) the prognostic value of KIF4A expression in patients using Kaplan-Meier plots and 3) the functions of KIF4A in LNCaP and DU145 cells, such as cell proliferation, cell cycle and cell apoptosis.

Results: Compared with normal prostate, the mRNA and protein expressions of KIF4A were up-regulated in PCa. The up-regulation expression rates of KIF4A in PCa were significantly related to the Gleason score (P
Overview of the Canadian Clinician Investigator Trainees’ research presented at the 2019 CSCI-CITAC Joint Meeting
Authors: Castanov Valera , Zhou Tianwei E. , Balestrini Christopher S. , Lefebvre Cory , Cook Elina K. , Whittaker Heather T. , Macklin Jillian , Briard Joel N. , Lazarte Julieta , Trinder Mark , Ware Matthaeus A. , Hu Sophie , Pietrobon Adam , Marvasti Tina B.
Published: September 2020

The 2019 Annual General Meeting and Young Investigators’ Forum of the Canadian Society for Clinical Investigation / Société Canadienne de Recherche Clinique (CSCI/SCRC) and Clinician Investigator Trainee Association of Canada / Association des Cliniciens-Chercheurs en Formation du Canada (CITAC/ACCFC) was held in Banff, Alberta on November 8–10th, 2019. The theme was “Positioning Early Career Investigators for Success: Strategy and Resilience”. Lectures and workshops provided knowledge and tools to facilitate the attendees’ development as clinician investigators. Dr. Jason Berman (President of CSCI/SCRC), Elina Cook (President of CITAC/ACCFC) and Drs. Doreen Rabi and Zelma Kiss (University of Calgary Organizing Co-Chairs) gave opening presentations. The keynote speakers were Dr. William Foulkes (McGill University) (Distinguished Scientist Award winner) and Dr. Andrés Finzi (Université de Montréal) (Joe Doupe Young Investigator Award winner). Dr. Robert Bortolussi (Dalhousie University) received the Distinguished Service Award for his work as the Editor-in-Chief of Clinical and Investigative Medicine and for being instrumental in the development of the Canadian Child Health Clinician Scientist Program. This meeting was the first to host a panel discussion with Drs. Stephen Robbins and Marcello Tonelli from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research. Workshops on communication, career planning and work-life balance were hosted by André Picard and Drs. Todd Anderson, Karen Tang, William Ghali, May Lynn Quan, Alicia Polachek and Shannon Ruzycki. The AGM showcased 90 presentations from clinician investigator trainees from across Canada. Most of the abstracts are summarized in this review. Eight outstanding abstracts were selected for oral presentation at the President’s Forum.
Association of TBXA2R, P2Y12 and ADD1 genes polymorphisms with ischemic stroke susceptibility: A metaanalysis
Authors: Liang Xuesong , Zhou You , Li Shuoxi
Published: September 2020

Background: Ischemic stroke is a common cause of death and disability

throughout the world. We aimed to evaluate the association between

polymorphisms in TBXA2R (rs4523, rs768963, rs1131882), P2Y12 (rs204693),

ADD1 (rs4961) and risk of ischemic stroke.

Methods: A comprehensive retrieval with the databases of Pubmed, Embase,

CENTRAL, CNKI and Wan fang data was conducted. The deadline was

February 1, 2019. Pooled ORs and 95% CIs were calculated by using the Z-test.

Heterogeneity between the included studies was tested using the I2 method.

Begg’s funnel plot and Egger’s linear regression were used to evaluate the

publication bias. Software STATA 12.0 (StataCorp, College Station, TX, USA)

was used for the meta-analysis and 26 studies with 5,776 cases and 8,025

controls were included.

Results: The results indicated significantly higher risk of ischemic stroke

associated with TBXA2R variant rs768963 in all genetic models (C vs T:

OR=1.27, 95% CI=1.13-1.42, P
Pulmonary hypertension in end-stage renal disease patients on dialysis and predialysis patients
Authors: Li Yifu , Zhang Yan , Wang Jinjun , Chen Wenwei , Cai Yong , Yang Mei , Li Xiaolin
Published: September 2020

Purpose: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a frequent and serious cardiovascular complication in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on dialysis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of PH and its associated factors in patients with ESRD on maintenance dialysis and predialysis patients.

Methods: The medical records of ESRD patients who underwent kidney transplantation between January 2011 and December 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. Demographic and clinical characteristics including echocardiographic findings before joining the waiting list for transplantation were evaluated and compared among groups divided according to dialysis or not and dialysis types. The results of transthoracic Doppler echocardiography were used to determine the pulmonary artery pressure. Pulmonary hypertension was defined as a systolic pulmonary artery pressure (sPAP) greater than 35 mmHg. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to investigate factors associated with PH.

Results: Data from 35 pre-dialysis patients with ESRD, 72 maintenance hemodialysis (HD) and 34 peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients were analysed. Pulmonary hypertension was 20.69% in pre-dialysis patients, 16.7% in HD patients and 14.7% in PD patients (P=0.957). There were negative correlations between sPAP and calcium (r=-0.230, P=0.012), Ca×P(r=-0.210, P=0.021), hemoglobin (r=-0.243, P=0.008) and a positive correlation between sPAP and cardiac output (r=0.481, P=0.000). Cardiac output (CO) was an independent risk factor of sPAP (B=1.431, confidence interval [CI] 95%: 0.687 to 2.175, P=0.000).

Conclusion: Incidence of PH was not statistically different in ESRD patients on dialysis and pre-dialysis patients. Uremia may play a major role in the pathogenesis of PH in patients.
Effective mobilization with etoposide and cyclophosphamide for collection of peripheral blood stem cell in patients with multiple myeloma
Authors: Wang Xiaoning , Zhang Ying , Fan Ting , Liu Haibo , Wang Mengchang , Liu Huasheng , Zhang Mei , He Pengcheng
Published: September 2020

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of etoposide and cyclophosphamide for mobilization peripheral stem cells in multiple myeloma patients.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 46 patients with multiple myeloma who underwent peripheral blood stem cell collection for upfront autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University between January 2010 and July 2019. The mobilization protocols included cyclophosphamide 2.0 g/m2 with G-CSF (CTX group) before January 2015, and two-days of 5 mg/kg.d etoposide and 1.0 g/m2.d cyclophosphamide with G-CSF (EC group) after January 2015.

Results: The success rate of harvest (≥2×106 cells/kg) during the first mobilization attempt was 82.1% in the EC group and 50.0% in the CTX group, and the rate of adequate harvest (≥4×106 cells/kg) was 57.1% in the EC group and 15.8% in the CTX group. After the second mobilization, a sufficient number of CD34+/kg cells for an auto-HSCT was obtained for all patients in the EC group and the majority (68.4%) of patients in CTX group. There was no significant difference of non-hematological adverse events between two groups. The mean neutrophil engraftment time was 11.22±1.56 days and 9.89±2.81days for the CTX and EC groups, respectively (P>0.05). Platelet engraftments were significantly faster in the EC group than the CTX group (P0.05).

Conclusion: The etoposide and cyclophosphamide regimen could be an effective and safe method for mobilization in patients with multiple myeloma.
Physician-Scientist trainees: A “call to action” to confront future career challenges
Authors: Balestrini Christopher S.
Published: September 2020

Throughout their careers, physician-scientists must adapt to the dynamic landscape of the medical research environment. As such, current physicianscientist trainees must overcome unique obstacles on the path to productive research careers. In the paper by Levit et al. in this month’s Clinical and Investigative Medicine issue, Canadian research leaders describe the challenges and opportunities for the next generation of physician-scientists [1]. They paint a cautiously optimistic picture. The current article is an outlook and concurrent “call to action” for how ongoing physician-scientist concerns can be conquered from the perspective of a current Canadian MD-PhD student.
Newsletter Fall 2020: Clinician Investigator Trainee Association of Canada (CITAC)
Authors: Castanov Valera , Zeng Andy , Behrouzi Bahar , Macklin Jillian , Hu Sophie , Pietrobon Adam , Marvasti Tina B.
Published: September 2020

Message from the CITAC president

To say that 2020 has been an unprecedented year is an understatement. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) global pandemic and the major societal awakening on racial equity and justice have led us to reflect on our direction, goals and mission. Thanks to our talented and dedicated executive team, we were able to pivot our efforts and adapt to the changing landscape of research and advocacy. In April, we provided our members with a list of resources to help facilitate a smooth transition to working from home. In June, we published Clinician Investigator Trainee Association of Canada’s (CITAC) press release on our role in combating anti-Black discrimination and racial injustice and have outlined specific advocacy efforts that we will be committing to over the next years (the full statement can be found on our website, https://www.citac-accfc.org).
Apresentação
Authors: Botta Ferrante Vera Lúcia Silveira , Andreatta Whitaker Dulce Consuelo , Carmona Duval Henrique
Published: September 2020

Nosso periódico - Retratos de Assentamento - surgiu paralelamente às políticas públicas de reforma agrária no período de redemocratização do país - daí o título sob o qual se consagrou.

O tema “assentamentos” era altamente relevante (como ainda é) dada a emergência de novos espaços e novos atores sociais no campo brasileiro - categorias sociais a exigir, continuadamente, compreensão teórica e acompanhamento de seus desafios e dilemas.

Enquanto nos aprofundávamos nos estudos desse aspecto complexo do novo rural brasileiro, não podíamos deixar de lado o fato de que o rural da Reforma Agrária fazia parte da questão da terra no Brasil e fomos nos abrindo para novas abordagens, contemplando a questão agrária e a variedade de nossas ruralidades, inclusive a problemática dos povos tradicionais (e/ou originais).

Assim, nunca entendemos ou aceitamos que o conhecimento científico seja desligado dos problemas que afetam a humanidade e contribuem para devastar a natureza e desarticular culturas. Muito ao contrário, nosso periódico acolhe pesquisas que trazem denúncias. E também aquelas que anunciam a esperança.

Pois bem! O momento brasileiro é quase de desesperança: um governo de extrema-direita, associado a um vírus letal que facilita projetos genocidas; conquistas sociais das últimas décadas ameaçadas e o fascismo em alta...