bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of different types of disinfection solution and aging on the hardness and colour stability of maxillofacial silicone elastomers
Authors: Cevik Pinar , Yildirim-Bicer Arzu Z.
Published: November 2017

Introduction:

Understanding the effect of aging and different disinfecting agents on the physical properties of pigmented maxillofacial silicones may help eliminate the current uncertainty as to the best follow-up suggestions for the patients treated with silicone prostheses.

Methods:

One hundred fifty specimens (14 × 2 mm) were evaluated for colour and 75 specimens (30 × 10 mm) for hardness (total, 225 specimens). Five specimens were used for hardness testing in each disinfecting solution while 10 silicone specimens were used for colour evaluation. The samples were separated into 5 groups and the initial hardness and colour evaluations were performed and placed in disinfectant solution (neutral soap, effervescent tablet, 0.2% chlorhexidine, 4% chlorhexidine, sodium hypochlorite). A second set of colour and hardness measurements was taken after 48 hours of disinfection and 1,008 hours of artificial aging in a QUV-accelerated weathering tester. Two-way and 1-way analysis of variance with Tukey tests and paired t-test were used for statistical analysis (α = 0.05).

Results:

Before artificial aging, the hardness value of the red pigment group was found to be significantly lower than that of the brown pigment group. After aging, the lowest Shore A value was seen in the neutral soap group, while the highest was seen in the effervescent tablet.

Conclusions:

Based on the results of this study, chlorohexidine 0.2% was found to be most suitable agent for disinfection of the prostheses. Washing with neutral soap caused loss of pigment from the surface of the silicones. Sodium hypochlorite was found to have a colour-fading effect on silicone specimens.
Association of XPG gene rs751402 polymorphism with gastric cancer risk: a meta-analysis in the Chinese population
Authors: Liang Jun , Xu Ya-Yun , Zhang Cheng , Xia Qing-Rong
Published: November 2017

Background:

Previous studies have revealed a conflicting relationship of xeroderma pigmentosum group G (XPG) gene polymorphism with gastric cancer (GC) risk. To our knowledge, this is the first meta-analysis to investigate the association between rs751402 mutation located on the XPG promoter region and GC risk.

Methods:

We undertook a meta-analysis by identifying relevant articles from the PubMed, Web of Science and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases on February 28, 2017. By pooling 9 eligible studies, 3,539 GC cases and 3,948 controls were included. The pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated using the fixed-effects or random-effects model depending on the existence of heterogeneity across studies. The population attributable risk (PAR%) was estimated to better understand the public health risk.

Results:

All included studies had been conducted in China. Significant associations were found between the XPG rs751402 polymorphism and the risk of GC (TT vs. CC: OR = 1.43, 95% CI, 1.11-1.84; CT vs. CC: OR = 1.15, 95% CI, 1.04-1.26; dominant model: OR = 1.17, 95% CI, 1.07-1.29; recessive model: OR = 1.30, 95% CI, 1.05-1.62; T vs. C: OR = 1.18, 95% CI, 1.06-1.32). The estimated PAR% was about 4.9%-8.8%. Funnel plots did not reveal any potential publication bias. The sensitivity analyses showed that the results were relatively robust.

Conclusions:

This meta-analysis indicates that the XPG rs751402 polymorphism may be a risk factor for GC in the Chinese population.
Preparation and characterization of gelatin/sericin/carboxymethyl chitosan medical tissue glue
Authors: Liang Min , Li Zhenzhu , Gao Cengceng , Wang Fuping , Chen Zhongmin
Published: November 2017

Background:

The development and application of medical glue has been continuously expanding and advancing. However, there are few glues that combine low-cost with excellent biocompatibility.

Methods:

We have prepared a medical tissue glue using a gelatin (Gel), sericin (SS) and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) blend solution, cross-linked with 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-carbodiimide (EDC). The combination’s characteristics and microstructure morphology were observed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Bond strength tests were used to measure the bond strength of the glue. To assay blood compatibility, a hemolytic test, dynamic coagulation test and platelet adherence test were also investigated. Further, the cellular behavior of L-929 and a systemic acute toxicity test on the Gel/SS/CMCS tissue glue were also investigated by MTT and H&E staining.

Results:

Characterization analysis showed that there was stable binding between raw materials, forming an amide bond with homogeneous holes. The bond strength of the tissue glue reached 2.50 ± 0.04 N in 10 minutes, slightly higher than the alpha-cyanoacrylate biological glue (2.25 ± 0.05 N). Blood compatibility tests revealed that the glue had outstanding blood compatibility. Further, cytotoxicity test and systemic acute toxicity test both showed that the glue was without cytotoxicity and not toxic to the body.

Conclusions:

The Gel/SS/CMCS tissue glue we prepared at low cost had excellent biocompatibility and structural characteristics. It could be a better candidate for tissue engineering in biomedical applications applied in clinical practice to promote skin wound healing and to further reduce the formation of skin wound scars.
Autogenous forearm loop arteriovenous fistula creation
Authors: Tang Weng Jun , Mat Saad Arman Zaharil
Published: November 2017

Introduction:

Arteriovenous fistula is a lifeline for end-stage kidney disease patients on dialysis. The quality of the vein and artery to be used plays a crucial role in attaining a functioning, reliable and long-lasting arteriovenous fistula. The aim of the study is to present an alternative for haemodialysis access to preserve the upper arm vasculature for future use – the forearm loop arteriovenous fistula.

Methods:

From October 2015 to September 2016, 202 patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), stages 4 and 5, underwent arteriovenous fistula creation at the Universiti Sains Malaysia Hospital, Malaysia. Nine patients, with severe atherosclerosis of the distal artery, but with satisfactory veins, underwent forearm loop arteriovenous fistula creation. Maturation of the fistula was based on the classification by the National Kidney Foundation Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative (NKF KDOQI).

Results:

All nine patients who underwent forearm loop arteriovenous fistula have had diabetes mellitus for more than 10 years. Only one fistula failed to mature within 6 weeks. Two arteriovenous fistulas thrombosed at 3 and 5 months, respectively, after the commencement of haemodialysis. However, the other six matured fistulas are still functioning well after a year of regular usage.

Conclusions:

Distal forearm arteries in diabetics may be severely atherosclerotic. Forearm loop arteriovenous fistula can be considered as the primary access for cases decided as inconvenient for fistula creation due to severe occlusive atherosclerotic disease of the forearm arteries; in order to preserve upper arm veins for future access procedures.
Prevalence of medical adhesive-related skin injury at peripherally inserted central catheter insertion site in oncology patients
Authors: Zhao Huihan , He Yu , Huang Huiqiao , Ling Ying , Zhou Xuemei , Wei Qin , Lei Yonghong , Ying Yanping
Published: November 2017

Introduction:

The aim of our study was to identify the prevalence and risk factors of medical adhesive-related skin injuries (MARSI) at peripherally inserted central catheters (PICC) insertion site in oncology patients.

Methods:

A cross-sectional observational study lasting two weeks was carried out in four inpatient departments. Skin assessment data and photographs of skin were collected during PICC maintenance. Other related information came from medical records. The skin injuries were classified by dermatologists and PICC specialized nurses. MARSI prevalence was calculated and the associated factors were analyzed statistically.

Results:

All 419 patients were included. The prevalence of total MARSI at PICC insertion site was 125, (29.83%), including mechanical skin injury (73, 17.42%), contact dermatitis (CD) (39, 9.31%), moisture-associated skin damage (11, 2.63%), folliculitis (2, 0.48%). Multivariate analysis identified two independent risk factors for MARSI including age ≥50 y (p = 0.031, odds ratio [OR] = 4.521, 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.389, 20.620]) and hematologic malignancies (p = 0.000, OR = 2.514, 95% CI [1.590,3.97]. Oxaliplatin and arsenic trioxide infusion through PICC, history of skin allergies was associated with CD, with p = 0.020, OR = 3.492, 95% CI (1.220, 9.990); p = 0.003, OR = 4.565, 95% CI (1.661,12.547); p = 0.000, OR = 12.333, 95% CI (3.669, 41.454), respectively.

Conclusions:

MARSI at PICC insertion site is a frequent event among oncology patients. Epidemiological data and independent risk factors are presented in our study, which provide a basis for future study in this area.
Preoperative ultrasound for runoff-venous decompression of peripheral nerves for arteriovenous access-related pain in the upper limb
Authors: Matsuda Hiroaki , Oka Yoshinari , Yoshida Ryuichi , Katsura Yuki , Takeuchi Hidemi , Fujimoto Yasuo , Takatsu Shigeko , Miyazaki Masashi
Published: November 2017

Introduction:

Arteriovenous access (AVA)-related pain treated successfully with runoff-venous decompression of the causative nerve, following ultrasound (US)-assisted preoperative evaluation, has never been reported.

Case presentation:

A 57-year-old man suffering from constant exhausting pains along the outflow cephalic vein of the radiocephalic arteriovenous fistula at the wrist and the antecubital fossa, was treated surgically after the diagnosis of AVA-related pain derived from cephalic vein compression on two peripheral cutaneous nerves, the superficial radial nerve (SRN) and the lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve (LACN).

Technique:

The SRN and LACN, which ran along and/or provided sensory innervation to the painful regions in the upper limb, were traced using ultrasonography in the short axis and proved to be compressed by and in contact with veins where the pain existed, at the wrist and the antecubital fossa. Once diagnostic US-guided blocks of both were performed and pain disappeared, they were identified as the causative nerves. The cephalic venous decompression surgeries that separated and transposed the veins away from the SRN and the LACN were performed sequentially under pneumatic tourniquet inflation to improve nerve visualization.

Results:

The pains disappeared after the operations. An adequate length of the runoff cephalic vein was maintained for needle cannulations during hemodialysis.

Conclusions:

Outflow venous compression to the peripheral nerves may be a cause of AVA-related pain. US-guided assessments of the nerves may improve the safety and efficiency of venous decompression surgeries to treat AVA-related pains.
Selective placement of autogenous arteriovenous fistulae in an over 80-year-old population
Authors: Werner-Gibbings Keagan , Ischia Liesl , Butcher William , Ward-Harvey Richard , Stewart Jonathan , Jackson Mark J.
Published: November 2017

Introduction:

With improved life expectancy and quality of life, elderly patients constitute a progressively larger fraction of consumers utilising renal replacement therapy (RRT). Although substantial data exist for younger cohorts, minimal evidence exists for outcomes of arteriovenous fistula (AVF) and central catheters (CVC) placed in those patients over 80 years. We examined outcomes of primary AVF placement in this cohort to ascertain durability and benefits of AVF in the over 80-year-old population.

Methods:

Retrospective analysis was undertaken of all autogenous AVFs and CVCs placed in patients aged over 80 years at Gold Coast University Hospital between March 2010 and February 2016. Prospectively collected demographic data, co-morbidities and operative factors were analysed.

Results:

Sixty-five AVF and 12 CVC patients were identified. Mean age at intervention was 83.9 years and 76% of the patients were male. The majority of procedures were autogenous radio-cephalic AVF; median post-operative length of stay was 2 days. Cumulative AVF patient survival at 12 and 24 months was 82% and 72%, respectively. This was significantly better than survival rates of CVC patients, with 12-month survival of 45%. Primary patency at 6, 12 and 24 months was 58%, 39% and 31%. There were 113 follow-up procedures in 41 patients required to maintain patency.

Conclusions:

Although patency rates are inferior and re-intervention rates higher than in younger patients, AVF can be a durable option for RRT in selected elderly patients with improved mortality rates compared with CVC. Age alone should not preclude primary AVF placement.
Cephalad dislocation of PICCs under different upper limb positions: influence of age, gender, BMI, number of lumens
Authors: Cho Chie-Hee , Schlattmann Peter , Nagel Sebastian , Schmittbuttner Nina , Hartung Frederic , Teichgraber Ulf K.
Published: November 2017

Purpose:

To evaluate parameters that influence the amount of movement of peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) tips regarding upper limb movement.

Methods:

In a prospective 12-month observational study, 200 PICCs were implanted in 162 patients (mean age 56.8 ± 15.2 years) by interventional radiologists into the basilic vein of the mid-aspect of the upper arm. Three PICC tip positions were documented with a chest x-ray: patient supine with an abducted (90°), an adducted arm, and in an upright position with an adducted arm. Multivariable analyses were performed, based on the three positions: body mass index (BMI), number of lumens, age, gender, side of the implantation, and brand.

Results:

Up to 88% of the PICCs dislocated in a mean of 19 mm cephalad when the patient was positioned from a supine in an upright position. The greatest influence upon dislocation was the position change from supine to upright. The side of the implanted PICC (left vs. right) had no influence.

Conclusions:

Cephalad dislocations of mean 19 mm regularly occur in the upright position induced by gravity. This needs to be taken in account and the PICC should be safely positioned one vertebra lower in the superior vena cava superior with a last confirmation of the PICC placement in an upright position.
Drug eluting balloon angioplasty for assisted maturation of failing fistulae
Authors: Mallios Alexandros , Hull Jeffrey , Boura Benoit , Costanzo Alessandro , Combes Myriam
Published: November 2017

Objective:

To present our experience of balloon-assisted maturation with drug-eluting balloon dilation in patients with recurrent failing arteriovenous fistulae.

Case series:

Three patients (all males, mean age 71 years) with a complex history of failed attempts at native fistula creation underwent surgical creation of arteriovenous fistulae. Two patients had a two-stage brachio-brachial fistula and 1 had a brachio-cephalic fistula that also required subsequent elevation. After a few weeks of preserved patency with a thrill detected clinically, all patients had a gradual deterioration of flow manifested with loss of thrill and multiple severely stenotic lesions of neo-intimal hyperplasia seen on duplex ultrasound. All 3 non-maturing native arteriovenous fistulae had 1 or more angioplasties with regular balloons that were initially successful; however, they rapidly deteriorated with a loss of thrill and a recurrence of multiple stenosis. Drug-eluting balloon dilation was used subsequently as a last resort to save these failing fistulae. All procedures were successful with the preservation of patency and adequate fistula flow (>600 mL/min) during the follow-up period (4-8 months, mean 6 months), and all patients received successful dialysis with 2-needle cannulation of their fistulae. There were no adverse events during the study period.

Conclusions:

Drug-eluting balloon angioplasty was to salvage nonmaturing fistulae with durable results in complex patients where conventional treatment had previously failed. Drug-eluting balloons may provide a useful treatment option for patients prone to multiple access failures due accelerated neo-intimal hyperplasia.
Microsurgery for “wrist” arteriovenous fistula creation in children: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Akturk Afram , Bakx Roel , Oosterveld Michiel J.S. , Wilde Jim C.H. , Idu Mirza M.
Published: November 2017

Introduction:

Creating functional arteriovenous fistulae (AVF) at the wrist is challenging in paediatric patients because of the small calibre of the blood vessels.

Methods:

We report our experience with AVF surgery in children younger than 15 years of age using microsurgical techniques. Twenty-five patients underwent AVF surgery between 2003 and 2015 (20 for haemodialysis, 4 for plasmapheresis and 1 for parenteral nutrition). Median (range) age was 9 (2-15) years and median weight was 24 (8-61) kg.

Results:

The one-month occlusion rate was 8%. The primary and secondary patency rates at 1, 2, 3 years were: 60%, 49%, 42%, and 82%, 72%, 54%, respectively. The median (range) maturation time was 4.53 (0.5-11.2) months. We found no statistically significant effect of patient age, body weight, type of AVF and indication for AVF creation on the primary and secondary patency rates.

Conclusions:

Microsurgical AVF creation at the wrist can be performed with satisfactory results and should be the preferred technique in the paediatric population.
Nothing to See Here! The Challenges of Public Archaeology at Palaeolithic Stélida, Naxos
Authors: Carter Tristan
Published: November 2017

In our desire to develop public archaeologies at the early prehistoric site of Stélida (Naxos, Greece), we face three major challenges. Firstly, there are a number of stakeholder communities involved with conflicting interests. Moreover, the ‘local’ population is distinct, being heterogeneous in composition, fluid in its residence, including individuals with significantly more socioeconomic and political power than the archaeologists. Secondly, due to issues of landowners' wish for privacy and the Ministry of Culture's financial limitations, Stélida itself is unlikely to become a focus of public engagement; instead, off-site digital media, exhibitions and teaching packs likely represent the best means of disseminating information to larger audiences. Finally, early prehistoric archaeology is a culturally and temporally alien world of ‘bones and stones,’ which requires imaginative means of engaging the public imagination.
PERFIL DE MEDICAMENTOS UTILIZADOS VIA SONDA ENTERAL EM PEDIATRIA
Authors: NETTO Harli Pasquini , MAEBAYASHI Caroline Kaori , ROCHA Isabela Maria Coatti , MIYAKAWA Denise Tiemi , NEVES Mirella Aparecida , GURMINI Jocemara , ABAGE Talita Bux , ZIBETTI Rosiane Guetter Mello
Published: November 2017

Objetivo: O presente artigo procura avaliar o perfil da terapia medicamentosa utilizada via sonda enteral em um hospital pediátrico com o intuito de detectar possíveis inadequações terapêuticas. Com isso, acaba abordando o manuseio das sondas e a maneira correta de as utilizar, além de propor cenários preveníveis de possíveis inadequações terapêuticas. Método: Foi realizado um estudo descritivo do perfil da farmacoterapia utilizada via sonda enteral, exploratório nos meses de Maio e Junho de 2015, por uma população de caráter pediátrico. Resultados: Foi constatado que dos pacientes a média de medicamentos administrados via sonda era 5,89 ± 4,30, em que a maioria é utilizada off-label. Sendo do total de medicamentos prescritos, os de forma líquida apresentaram maiores discrepâncias entre a via prescrita e a via administrada. Além disso, 46,83% dos casos o flushing era efetuado apenas após a administração dos fármacos. Conclusão: Conclui-se que um acompanhamento farmacoterapêutico diário detalhado é vital para garantir uma terapia farmacológica eficaz e segura em pediatria.
BOLDO VERDADEIRO X BOLDO FALSO: CARACTERIZAÇÃO MORFOANATÔMICA FOLIAR
Authors: RIBEIRO Fabiane Fonseca , Da CONCEIÇÃO Luena De Oliveira , OYAMA Elisa Mitsuko , FURLAN Marcos Roberto
Published: November 2017

O aumento pela procura das plantas medicinais tem incentivado a sua comercialização. No entanto, alguns cuidados devem ser tomados, como, por exemplo, a correta identificação tendo em vista as confusões que ocorrem e podem causar consequências graves como a inocuidade do fitoterápico e intoxicações. Entre as espécies comercializadas encontra-se o boldo, que designa espécies de diferentes famílias e gêneros. Como contribuição, o presente estudo tem como objetivo caracterizar morfoanatomicamente as folhas das espécies Peumus boldus Molina conhecido como boldo verdadeiro e Plectranthus ornatus Codd. como boldo falso. Folhas desidratadas de Peumus boldus foram adquiridas em uma farmácia da cidade e folhas frescas de indivíduos de Plectranthus ornatus foram coletadas em março de 2016 na Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, São Mateus-ES. As folhas foram descritas morfologicamente segundo terminologias e foram empregadas técnicas usais de anatomia vegetal. Os resultados obtidos demonstram significativas diferenças morfoanatômicas, apesar das espécies estudadas receberem nomes populares semelhantes. Portanto, tais informações podem contribuir para diagnose do boldo verdadeiro e do boldo falso comercializados.
The Operating Efficiency under the Decreasing Rate of School Students for Public and Private High Schools in Xindian District of New Taipei City: Bootstrap DEA Model
Authors: Liu Hsiang-Hsi , Kuo Fu-Hsiang
Published: November 2017

The goal of this research is to evaluate the low fertility affects school efficiency of high school in Taiwan. Based on Trend Forecasting Model (TFM) and Bootstrap Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). The empirical results of this research indicate the following results: (1) we utilize our proposed TFM model to study the annual change of student’s population, from 2011 to 2016. The results show that the number of students is indeed reduced year by year in New Taipei City, but the number of declines is not great, from 2011 to 2016. Conversely, the number of student’s declines have great, from 2016 to 2017. (2) The results of the low fertility problem factors caused school of total efficiency to fall below 1. In addition, the government also proposes to raise the fertility policy, for example, the government subsidies schools of tuition. It implies that the larger the school, the economics of scale can be accomplished when outputs expand (such as the number of students (output variable)) and then cause school’s operational efficiency. In contrast, the low fertility problem brings about the number of students (output variable) decreased may directly affect school of scale efficiency and causing the schools total efficiency to fall below 1. The results of this research can also be the reference for educational authorities when formulating policies and regulations for promoting.
The Global Stability of 2-D Subsonic Circulatory Flows for the Steady Isothermal Gas
Authors: Cui Dacheng
Published: November 2017

This paper is a complement of our work in (Cui & Li, 2011) where we have established the global subsonic circulatory solution for the polytropic gas. In this paper, we are concerned with the global stability of the 2-D subsonic circulatory flow around a perturbed circular body for the isothermal gas. The flow is assumed to be isothermal, isentropic, irrotational and described by a steady Euler equations, which can be reduced into a second order quasilinear elliptic equation in a exterior domain with suitable physical conditions. The unique existence and the state of the flow at infinity are obtained under nature physical assumption.
The Spirit of a Water Professional
Authors: Lafrance David B.
Published: November 2017

We all know North America was riddled with extreme weather and natural disasters during the second half of 2017. There were wildfires in the Pacific Northwest, Canada, and California; there was a 7.1‐magnitude earthquake in Mexico, and consecutive hurricane strikes hitting Texas, Florida, and many Caribbean islands including Puerto Rico. Each of these incidents in its own way tested water professionals and the water sector's infrastructure. What is less known to the masses is what it reveals about the spirit of water professionals.
Мапирање токова вредности пословних процеса као основа интегрисане процене стратешких и оперативних перформанси предузећа // Value stream mapping of business process as the basis of integrated assessment of strategic and operational enterprise performance
Authors: Нoвићeвић Блaгoje
Published: November 2017

Резиме: Мапирање токова вредности пословних процеса је најбољи могући облик представљања токова вредности и најлакши начин идентификовања пословних проблема током њиховог оперативног извршавања и проналажења алата и техника за њихово решавање. Мапа токова вредности најбољи је инструмент за препознавање и разумевање постојећих пословних процеса, тражење потенцијалних начина њиховог унапређења и истраживање нових напреднијих пословних процеса од стране свих нивоа менаџмента, до извршних тимова. Она, истовремено, представља незаобилазну информациону основу за интегрисану процену стратешких и оперативних перформанси пословних процеса и предузећа као целине.Summary: Value stream mapping of business processes is the best form of presenting value stream of business processes and the easiest way to identify business problems during their operational execution and finding the tools and techniques for their solution. Value stream map is the best instrument for identifying and understanding existing business processes, searching for potential ways of their improvement and research for new business processes advanced by all levels of management to the executive teams. It also represents the indispensable information basis for integrated assessment of strategic and operational performances of business processes and enterprise as a whole.
Пореска конкурентност као детерминанта страних директних инвестиција у условима промена на глобалном нивоу // Tax competitivness as а determinant of foreign direct investments in conditions of changes at the global level
Authors: Денчић-Михајлов Ксенија , Попов Јелена
Published: November 2017

Резиме: Порески подстицаји углавном имају форму изузимања од опорезивања или умањења пореског оптерећења и стимулативно утичу на привлачење страних улагања која су веома битан услов за економски развој земаља у развоју и транзицији. Усвајањем неопходних системских закона и формирањем стимулативне пореске политике, у Републици Србији и Републици Српској се континуирано ради на унапређењу инвестиционе климе с циљем већег привлачења домаћих и страних улагања. Пажња аутора усмерена је ка: а) теоријској анализи пореских подстицаја и утицаја пореске конкурентности на токове страних директних инвестиција, са посебним освртом на ове токове у земљама у развоју и транзицији, б) прегледу најважнијих врста пореских подстицаја за привлачење страних инвестиција у Републици Србији и Републици Српској.Summary: Tax incentives generally take the form of tax exemption or reduction of tax burden and have the stimulating effect on attracting foreign investments that are very important condition for economic development of developing and transitional countries. By adopting necessary laws and forming stimulative tax policy, in Republic of Serbia and Republic of Srpska investment climate is continually improved in order to attract more domestic and foreign investment. Authors` attention is focused on: a) theoretical analysis of tax incentives and impact of tax competitivness on the flow of foreign direct investments, with special emphasis on these flows in developing and transitional countries, b) summary of most important tax incentives for attracting foreign investements in Republic of Serbia and Republic of Srpska.
Утицај рачуноводствених информација на одабир акција на тржишту капитала у Босни и Херцеговини // The impact of accounting information on share selection in the capital market in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Џакула Миро
Published: November 2017

Резиме: Кључно питање које занима све инвеститоре, и велике и мале, јест како реално процијенити вриједности акција неког предузећа, те на темељу којих параметара одлучити треба ли продати или купити одређене акције. Међутим, нема поузданог начина да се тачно одреди потенцијална вриједност неке акције. Но, без обзира на то, уз помоћ неколико метода инвеститори прије улагања новца у било које предузеће математички покушавају израчунати колико је нека акција подцијењена или прецијењена.Summary: The key issue being of interest to all investors, both big and small ones, is how to make a realistic assessment of the value of some company’s shares and which parameters should be taken into account when making a decision whether to sell or buy certain shares. However, there is no reliable way of determining accurately the value of a share. Nevertheless, prior to investing money in any company, the investors can try, by applying some methods, to mathematically calculate whether the share concerned is undervalued or overvalued.
Услови и ограничења улагања малих и средњих предузећа у неопипљиву имовину као одговор на кризу реалног сектора / Conditions and limitations on investments of small and medium enterprises in intangible assets as a response to the crises of the real sector
Authors: Петковић Саша , Новарлић Борис
Published: November 2017

Резиме: Пословно окружење за мала и средња предузећа у Републици Српскојизузетно је неповољно. Неизграђеност предузетничке инфраструктуре, каои правне регулативе, уз негативне ефекте глобалне финансијске и кризе реалног сектора, додатно оптерећују пословање предузећа како у РепублициСрпској, тако и у ширем региону. У савременим условима пословања, предузећа требају да улажу у нематеријалну имовину знатно више наго што је тослучај сада. Нематеријална имовина представља императив којим се креирапростор за развој и реализацију предузетничке конкурентности. Циљ овограда јесте да се прегледом литературе истражи дејство интерних фактора предузетништва у малим и средњим предузећима, као и да се анализира пословно окружење малих и средњих предузећа у Републици Српској. Посебанаспект анализе везан је за анализу могућности и ограничења улагања у нема-теријалну имовину, кроз изградњу пословне културе предузећа, а која подразумијева увођење предузетничке културе и маркетиншке оријентације. Summary: Business environment for small and medium size enterprises in RepublikaSrpska is extremely unfavorable. Lack of entrepreneurial infrastructure as wellas legal framework, alongside global fi nancial crisis and crisis of real sector withit all puts additional burden on work of enterprises in Republika Srpska as wellas in the region. Enterprises, in modern business environment, need to invest inintangible assets much more than it is case at the moment. Intangible assets arethe imperative which creates space for development and accomplish entrepreneurialcompetitiveness. The aim of this paper is to, through literature review, investigateeff ects of internal entrepreneurial factors in small and medium size enterprisesas well as to analyze business environment in Republika Srpska. Special aspectof the analysis relates to analysis of the possibilities and limitations of investmentin intangible assets, throughout business culture development, which impliesintroduction of entrepreneurial culture and marketing orientation.
Проблем односа власника и менаџера при постојању асиметричних информација // The relationship between owners and managers in the existence of asymmetric information
Authors: Томаш Далибор П.
Published: November 2017

Резиме: Одвајање власништва од управљања у предузећима имало је за посљедицу да су менаџери много иформисанији од самих власника предузећа, односно да је понашање једних и других посљедица постојања асиметричних информација. У таквим околностима, менаџери не морају увијек тежитимаксимизацији профита, када власницима компанија надзор над понашањем менаџера представља велики трошак. Односно, како власници нису умогућности да у потпуности надзиру рад својих менаџера, менаџери честонастоје максимирати своје циљеве, на штету власника. Овакав облик асиметричних информација ствара проблем „принципал – агент“, који се јављакада благостање једне особе, у нашем случају власника, зависи од тога штаради менаџер.Због тога смо, у нашег раду, жељели да истражимо домете досадашњихтеорија које су се бавиле овим проблемом, те да покушамо доказати да ме-наџери не раде у интересу власника. Уједно, жељели смо и да покушамо даразвијемо микроекономски модел, који ће укључивањем различитих метода награђивања менаџера, понудити рјешење принципал – агент проблема у акционарским друштвима.Сумирајући резултате наше анализе, на основу три модела која смо развили за потребе овог рада, дошли смо до закључка да механизам награђивања менаџера, који је његов бонус везао за учешће у профиту, нуди добар начин за рјешење принципал-агент проблема, јер у једном моделу „помирује“ интересе и менаџера и власника. Summary: Separation of ownership from management in enterprises has resulted inmany managers are informed of the owners of those companies, or the behaviorof both the consequences of the existence of asymmetric information. In theseconditions, managers do not always seek to maximize profi ts, when control ofthe behavior of managers is a big expense for the owners of the company. Respectively,as the owners are unable to fully supervise the work of its managers, managersoft en seek to maximize their goals at the expense of the owner. Th is form anasymmetric information creates „principal - agent“ problem, which occurs whenthe welfare of a person, in our case, the owner, depends on what works manager.Because of that, in our work, we wanted to explore the reaches of existingtheories dealing with this problem and to try to prove that managers do not workin the interest of the owner. Also, we wanted to try to develop a microeconomic model, which will involve various methods of rewarding managers, off er a solutionto the principal - agent problem in corporation.Summarizing the results of our analysis, based on three models that we developedfor this study, we concluded that the mechanism of rewarding managers,that his bonus was tied to participation in profi ts, off ers a good way to solve theprincipal-agent problem, because in a model of „reconcile“ the interests of managersand owners.
The debt buildup process: Bosnia and Herzegovina – Republic of Srpska versus other European countries // Процес стварања дуга: Босна и Херцеговина – Република Српска у односу на остале европске земље
Authors: Bole Velimir , Prašnikar Janez , Trobec Domen
Published: November 2017

Summary: Financial and economic crisis from 2008 created debt problems throughout the world, in developed and developing coutries. Although the problems cause by the crisis were similar for all coutries there were some specific diferences between them. Here, effects of firm’s indebtedness in the Republic of Srpska are analysed in comparison with 15 European countries before and after the crisis, which serve as a benchmark. In the RS and also other considered countries in the collapse year (2009), the relative debt increases of under and over median firms differed drastically. In the main crisis year of 2009 the RS had 2 percentage points higher impact (relative to the Core European countries) of the financial accelerator or/and correspondingly different effect of the shape of firm investment distribution on the debt increase. In 2009, country specific effects on the debt build-up process disappeared for all other observed countries except the RS, while in the year after the collapse they disappeared in the RS and picked upped again in all other countries, showing lagging of the impact of the crisis as well as a milder effect in the RS.Резиме: Финансијска и економска криза из 2008. године је створила проблем дуга широм свијета, како у развијеним земљама, тако и у онима у развоју. Иако су проблеми изазвани кризом били слични за све земље, постоје неке специфичне разлике између њих. Ефекти задужености фирми у Републици Српској су анализирани у поређењу са 15 европских земаља, прије и послије кризе, које служе као мјерило. У Републици Српској као и у другим посматраним земљама у години колапса (2009.) повећања релативног дуга мањих и већих фирми се драстично разликују. У главној кризној години (2009.) Република Српска  је имала за два процентна поена  већи утицај финансијског акцелератора (у односу на главне европске земље) и / или одговарајуће другачији ефекат облика дистрибуције инвестиција фирме на повећање дуга. У 2009. год специфични ефекти земље на процес стварања дуга су нестали за све посматране земље осим Републике Српске, док су у години након колапса нестали у Републици Српској, а поново се јавили у свим осталим земљама, што показује одлагање ефеката кризе, те блаже ефекте у Републици Српској.
Утицај показатеља пословање компанија на цијене акција на берзама у Босни и Херцеговини // Impact of Business Performance Indicators on Share Prices on Stock Exchanges in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Алибеговић Џафер
Published: November 2017

Резиме: Показатељи пословањa компаније који се добију прорачуном коефицијената рацио анализе, једна су од кључних референтних тачака инвестиционе анализе на тржиштима капитала како развијених земаља, тако и земаља са тржиштем капитала у развоју. Директна и позитивна релација показатеља пословања компанија и цијена њихових акција на берзама у овим земљама је доказана, као што је доказана и могућност употребе показатеља пословања за процјену будућег кретања цијена акција и будућих приноса на инвестицију. Насупрот, на берзама у Босни и Херцеговини директне релације између показатеља пословања компанија и тржишних цијена акција нема, те стога показатељи пословања не могу бити кориштени у процјени инвестиција на тржишту капитала, осим у посебним стратегијама и на дуги рок.Summary: Business performance indicators resulting from ratio analysis are one of the key benchmarks of investment analysis on capital markets, both developed countries and countries with emerging markets. Direct and positive relations between business performance and share prices on the stock exchanges of these countries has been demonstrated, along with the possibility of using performance indicators to predict future trends in stock prices and future returns on investment. In contrast, direct relationship between business performance and market price of the shares in the stock market in Bosnia and Herzegovina does not exists, therefore, business performance indicators cannot be used in an appraisal of the investment in the capital market instruments, except in special investment strategies and on the long run.
Препоруке за бржи развој електронског банкарства у делу електронских плаћања у Црној Гори // Recommendations for the faster development of e-banking in the area of electronic payments in Montenegro
Authors: Рондовић Биљана , Вујошевић Саша , Драгашевић Зденка
Published: November 2017

Резиме: Анализа тренутног стања електронског банкарства, анализа фактора који детерминишу тај развој, те праћење тенденција на овом пољу треба да буде тема од националног значаја за Црну Гору. Из тог разлога, циљ овог рада је да прикаже тренутну, незавидну ситуацију на пољу електронског банкарства, са фокусом на степен употребе инструмената електронских плаћања, потом да анализира ограничења за ширу употребу електронског новца на овим просторима, и на крају да афирмише употребу електронских средстава плаћања у Црној Гори.Рад је настао као резултат, са једне стране, све веће потребе за популаризацијом новчаних токова заснованих на дигитализацији, јер финансијски системи у Црној Гори постају сложенији и захтевнији, а са друге стране као резултат потребе да се уоче и отклоне веће несавршености везане за правила, стандарде и уобичајене токове класичних плаћања који су све мање ефикасни.Summary: Analysis of the current situation regarding the development of e-banking, the analysis of factors that determine the development and monitoring of trends in this field, should be a topic of national importance in Montenegro. For this reason, the aim of this paper is to show the current, very unenviable situation in the field of electronic banking services, focusing on the level of use of electronic payment instruments, as well as to analyze the constraints for the wider use of electronic money in this area, and finally, to make recommendations for the promotion of increased use of electronic means of payment in Montenegro.The paper is created as the result of the growing need for popularization of cash flows based on digitization, on the one hand, because financial systems in Montenegro are becoming more complex and demanding. On the other hand, it’s a result of the need to detect and remove major imperfections related to the rules, standards and the usual classical payments that are less effective.
Циљеви и обим концентрације власништва у акционарским друштвима у Републици Српској // Objectives and scope of ownership concentration in listed companies in Republic of Srpska
Authors: Даничић Душко , Панић Данка
Published: November 2017

Резиме: Укрупњавање власништва и преузимање предузећа је обично повезано са мотивима какви су: максимизирање добити у дугом року, освајање нових тржишта, остваривање контроле ради управљања предузећем и његовог дугорочног развоја и сл. Као мотив за куповину већинског учешћа или концентрацију не мора бити пословање, већ нематеријална и материјална имовина друштва, име или друге вриједне ставке пословне или инвестиционе активе. Из презентованих података добијених током обављеног истраживања, закључује се да се Република Српска сврстава у групу земаља у којима је власништво над излистаним компанијама концентрисано. Мотиви који су претходили концентрацији капитала често су повезани са имовином друштва, док је пословање имало споредну улогу, што је у многим случајевима довело до гашења пословних активности преузетих друштава. Промјена укупног пословног амбијента најбољи је начин да се не само концентрација капитала, већ и остале инвестиције усмјеравају ка реалном сектору и пословним циљевима који укључују развојне пројекте и инвестирање за будућност. Тиме ће се умањити мотивисаност власника капитала да инвестирају у краткорочне пројекте са циљем куповине и брзе продаје привредног друштва, што се код нас своди на продају ставки активе. На овај начин ће се умањити и број ликвидација које су подстакнуте намјером да се имовина друштва прода и уновчи.Summary: Еnlargement of ownership and takeover is usually associated with motifs such as: maximizing profit in the long term, new markets, gain control of management of the company and its long-term development, etc. The motive for the purchase of the majority share or concentration is not necessarily doing business, but tangible and intangible assets of the company, it’s name, or other valuable items of business or investment assets. From the presented data obtained during the research that was done, it could be concluded that the Republic of Srpska ranks among the countries in which the ownership of listed companies is concentrated. Motives that preceded the capital concentration are often associated with property companies, while business had a supporting role, which in many cases has led to the closure of books, business activities undertaken societies. Change in the overall business environment is the best way to not only capital but also the concentration of other investments are directed towards the real sector and business objectives that include development projects and investments for the future. This will reduce the motivation of the owners of capital to invest in short-term projects in order to purchase and quick sale of the company, it comes down to us on the sale of assets items. In this way the number of liquidation, that were triggered with the intent to sell the assets of companies, could be reduced.
Транспарентност у корпоративном управљању // Transparency in corporate governance
Authors: Тодоровић Здравко , Бунић Саша , Тодоровић Игор
Published: November 2017

Резиме: Значајан  аспеката корпоративног управљања односи се на транспарентност и објављивање података, који предузећу могу да пруже бројне предности у пословању и значајно допринесу стицању повјерења инвеститора. Међутим, ниска транспарентност је проблем у многим предузећима, посебно у земљама у транзицији, због специфичних тржишних околности и недостатака одговорајућег механизма за спровођење закона. Циљ истраживања је описати и анализирати начин на који предузећа у Републици Српској објављују информације корпоративног управљања на својим интернетским страницама, те анализирати значај транспарентности из перспективе корпоративног управљања, како би се идентификовали елементи овог процеса. На овај начин треба да се обезбиједи додатно побољшање и унапређење знања и разумијевања транспарентности. Истраживање ће, поред анализе интернетских страница предузећа у Републици Српској, обухватити и предузећа из Хрватске и Србије, како би се могло поредити стање транспарентности са земљама у сличним културолошким и економским условима, те идентификовати сазнања о искуствима који могу помоћи у побољшању транспарентности. Поред тога, циљ је да се, уз помоћ резултата истраживања, установе најбоља рјешења за побољшање транспарентности предузећа, која могу користити менаџменту предузећа, инвеститорима, широј јавности, те свим осталим учесницима у процесу корпоративног управљања u Републици Српској.Summary: A significant aspect of corporate governance refers to the transparency and disclosure, which can provide numerous benefits to company’s business and significantly contribute to gaining investors confidence. However, low transparency and disclosure is problem in many companies, especially in transition countries, due to specific market conditions and lack adequate mechanism for law enforcement. The aim of the research is to describe and analyze the way in which companies in the Republic of Srpska disclosure information about corporate governance on its website, and to analyze the importance of transparency of information from the perspective of corporate governance, in order to identify the elements of this process. This will try to ensure further improvement and advancement of knowledge and understanding of transparency. Research, in addition to analysis of website of companies in the Republic of Srpska, includes companies from the Croatian and Serbia, in order to compare the level of transparency with countries with similar cultural and economic conditions, and identify the experiences and practices that could help improve transparency. In addition, the aim is that, with the help of research results develop the best solutions to improve the transparency and disclosure of companies, which can be used by management companies, investors and the general public, and all other participants in the corporate governance process in the Republic of Srpska.