bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Online Public Attention of Urinary incontinence in Mainland China (Preprint)
Authors: Lin Shuangquan , Duan Lingxing , Lu Xiongbing , Chao Haichao , Wen Xi , Wei Shanzun
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND

Urinary incontinence (UI) is a series of clinical episodes featuring involuntary urine leakage. Affecting people with their physical, emotional, and cognitive functioning, the negative perceptions and negative impact on patients are yet to be revealed from the public aspect. The genuine demand as regards urinary incontinence and related issues from patients may thus be neglected.

OBJECTIVE

To examine the online search trend and users' demand and encyclopedia content quality related to UI on a national and regional scale from the dominant major search engine in mainland China.

METHODS

The Baidu Index was queried using the UI-related terms for the period 2011.01–2023.08. The search volume for each term was recorded to analyze the search trend and demographic distributions. For user interest, the data of demand graph and trend data were collected and analyzed.

RESULTS

Three searching topics were identified with the 18 available UI search keywords. The total BSI for all UI topics was 11,472,745. The APCs for the topic Complaint were 1.7% (p < 0.05) from 2011-2021, -7.9% (p < 0.05) from 2021-2023, and 0.1% (p < 0.05) in AACP. For topic Inquiry, the APCs were 16.0% (p < 0.05) from 2011 to 2016, -27.00% from 2016 to 2019, and 21.2% (p < 0.05) from 2019 to 2023, with an AAPC of 4.8%. Regarding the topic of Treatment, the APC was 20.3% from 2011-2018 (p < 0.05), -36.9% from 2018-2021 (p > 0.05), 2.2% from 2021-2023, and -0.4% overall AAPC. The age distribution of the population of each UI searching topics enquiries shows that the population aged 30 to 39 comprised mainly of the total search enquiries in each topic. People from the east part of China made around 30% of each search query.

CONCLUSIONS

The online UI searching popularity is steady. Categorized themes specific to different demands and population in the UI topic suggests that needs from these people should be responded to specifically and separately. The encyclopedia platform may provide the answers to the questions, but medical professionals' assistance is still required to prevent misdiagnosis and postponed treatment.

CLINICALTRIAL

Not applicable.
Effectiveness of Unguided Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Subthreshold Social Anxiety Disorder in Adolescents and Young Adults: Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Matsumoto Kazuki , Hamatani Sayo , Shiga Kiko , Iiboshi Kiyoko , Kasai Makiko , Kimura Yasuhiro , Yokota Satoshi , Watanabe Katsunori , Kubo Yoko , Nakamura Masayuki
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND

Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is a common mental disorder in adolescents and young adults. Early intervention and support could help prevent the development of full-blown SAD. Considering that adolescents with social anxiety symptoms do not prefer face-to-face sessions due to their fear of communicating with therapists, internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy (ICBT) was implemented.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of complete self-help ICBT for subthreshold SAD in high school and college students with no history of mental disorders.

METHODS

A multicenter randomized controlled trial designed to demonstrate the objective was conducted from December 2022 to October 2023. Participants were students enrolled at 6 universities and 1 high school. The intervention was a complete self-help ICBT and consisted of 10 text-based sessions that taught cognitive behavioral therapy techniques for social anxiety in youths and young adults. The comparison was a no-treatment condition (control group), which was randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio by a computer program. A total of 2 psychological scales were used to assess the severity of social anxiety, and 1 psychological scale each was used to measure symptoms of depression, general anxiety, and quality of life.

RESULTS

In total, 77 students were enrolled as study participants. Through the randomization procedure, 38 participants were included in the intervention group, and 39 patients were included in the control group. Results from the analysis of covariance with depression as covariates showed that the participants in the intervention group had significantly reduced symptoms of social anxiety, depression, and general anxiety compared to the control group. The response rate was 61% (19/31) in the intervention group and 24% (9/38) in the control group: odds ratio (OR) 4.97 (95% CI 1.61-16.53; P=.003) in the Fisher exact test. The recovery rate was 68% (21/31) in the intervention group and 34% (13/38) in the control group: OR 3.95 (95% CI 1.32-12.56; P=.008). The OR for the remission ratio was 2.01 (95% CI 0.64-6.60; P=.20) and for the risk of worsening was 0.23 (95% CI 0.002-1.33; P=.10), but no significant difference was observed.

CONCLUSIONS

The results of this randomized controlled trial show that fully unguided ICBT improves subthreshold SAD in adolescents and young adults. Interpretation of the effectiveness in preventing SAD that meets the diagnostic criteria is limited by sample size and the follow-up period. Future studies should include more extended observations and larger sample sizes in high-risk populations.

CLINICALTRIAL

UMIN-CTR UMIN000050064; https://center6.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000057035
Practice of Contemporary Dance Education under the Visual Threshold of Modern Chinese Aesthetic Education—Starting from “Aesthetic Education Brochure”
Authors: Qing Wang
Published: December 2023

Schiller’s aesthetic thought has always been a link and important presence in the development of German classical aesthetics. He not only critically inherited Kant’s aesthetic thought to discuss beauty with subjective and rational empiricism, but also inspired Schelling, Hegel and other western aesthetic masters to understand beauty; In addition, his thought of “aesthetic education” was founded for the first time when Western aesthetics was in the ascendant. As Chinese esthetician Zhou Xian states in his introduction, “The pursuit of this complete humanity is the most powerful appeal of the Book.” Mr. Schiller uses literary forms and aesthetic thoughts to silently fight against the tyranny and exploitation of feudalism and capitalist society. This strong anti-authoritarian aesthetic criticism of modernity is more interpreted and expected in his 27 letters to the Prince of Denmark. With the idea of “art instead of religion”, he tried to establish a new form of communication based on communication rationality that could be realized in the future aesthetic country, and gradually constructed Schiller’s aesthetic “utopia”. Based on this, it is particularly important to sort out the generation of aesthetic education thought in modern China and peek into the practice of contemporary dance education.
ДИАНОВСКАЯ КОНФЕРЕНЦИЯ ПО ВОЛОКОННОЙ ОПТИКЕ
Authors: Попов С.А.
Published: December 2023

В октябре каждого нечетного года столица Западного Урала, отметившая в текущем году 300-летие, становится непременным местом встречи ведущих ученых и специалистов по волоконной оптике. В нынешнем году IX Всероссийская конференция по волоконной оптике (ВКВО), основанная по инициативе выдающегося физика, многолетнего директора, научного руководителя и основателя Научного центра волоконной оптики РАН академика Евгения Михайловича Дианова (1936−2019) и получившая теперь наименование Диановской, состоялась в Перми с 3 по 6 октября.
ОБЗОР МЕТОДОВ РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ ПОДВИЖНОЙ ЖЕЛЕЗНОДОРОЖНОЙ СВЯЗИ
Authors: Портной С.Л. , Никитин С.Е. , Клюев Н.С. , Сахаутдинов Ш.Р.
Published: December 2023

Рассматриваются основные варианты замены устаревшей технологии железнодорожной связи GSM-R (связь "поезд − земля"): мобильные сети 5G стандарта FRMCS и выделенные сети железнодорожных операторов (TSN). Сравнение технологий проводится на основе реализованных проектов в мире.
Analysis of Underwater Robot Designs
Authors: Eladawy M.A. , Karavaev Yu.L.
Published: December 2023

This article is devoted to the analysis of existing domestic and foreign designs of underwater robots. First of all, emphasis is placed on the description of structures and the analysis of their influence on the maneuverability of movement in a liquid. Various mechanisms of bringing underwater robots into motion are considered, approaches to modeling are described. A description and comparison of underwater mobile robots driven by screw propellers, depending on their number, location, and shape of the hull, is given, and the designs of robots implementing biosimilar motion in a liquid are considered in more detail. A comparison is made of the methods of movement in a liquid using screw propellers and with biosimilar or screwless methods of movement. An overview of the mechanisms used to form biosimilar movements is given, a description of the materials and properties of the hull characteristic of this type of underwater robots, as well as a description of the mechanism of movement in a liquid, taking into account resistance forces and buoyancy control. Particular attention is paid to the works devoted to the study of the shape of the tail of a fish-like robot, aimed at improving the efficiency of robot movement in liquid. The analysis made it possible to identify the strengths and weaknesses of the mechanisms used to implement biosimilar motion in a liquid. Based on the results of the analytical review, the typical structure of the underwater robot and the requirements to its components are considered. In conclusion, the current technical and scientific challenges facing researchers working on the creation of underwater robots operating both in autonomous and remotely controlled modes are discussed.
Impulse pressing of diamond-containing metal materials
Authors: Kolosova N.M. , Rusin E.E. , Khlybov A.A.
Published: December 2023

He results of a study of the structure and wear resistance of compacts obtained from a finely dispersed mixture on a nickel bond of composition 70% Ni - 25% Cu - 5% Fe (average particle size about 50 μm) with the addition of micropowder diamond with a grain size of 5/3 with a 100% reference concentration were presented. Impulsed pressing of powder materials was carried out using a modified Kolsky method, which makes it possible to control the loading parameters and choose rational modes of powder material compaction with loading pulse durations in the range of 100-400 μs with pressure amplitudes up to 2000 MPa. Impulse pressing was carried out at a temperature of 20 °С. As a result, compacts with relative density of more than 98 % were obtained. Metallographic studies carried out on a NEOPHOT-32 microscope showed that the resulting compacts have a fairly uniform fine-grained structure. The overall pattern of pore distribution is quite uniform, the observed pore shapes are close to spherical and semiregular convex-concave volumes. X-ray microanalysis carried out on an energy-dispersive spectrometer in the mode of scanning along the surface line and transverse sections of the obtained compacts showed that dynamic pressing does not lead to a noticeable change in the distribution of the elements Ni, Cu, Fe, and C over the sample volume. The measurements of the microhardness of compacts showed that dynamic pressing leads to its growth, compared with the same parameter obtained on sheet samples after rolling and sintering. The compacts were tested for wear resistance in the dry friction mode according to the “rotating disk - stationary sample” scheme. The relationships of the mass loss of compacts and the test time are presented. It has been experimentally established that the wear resistance of compacts obtained by impulse pressing and subsequent sintering is higher compared to compacts obtained by traditional modes of pressing and subsequent sintering.
Transmission quality evaluation of multistreaming video data from the UAV to the ground station in network simulator 3 simulation environment using WI-FI standards
Authors: Shibanov R.E. , Kaysina I.A. , Abilov A.V. , Korepanov K.E.
Published: December 2023

The article presents the results of transmitting video data simulation in real time from video cameras on board Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) to a ground station (GS). The main purpose of the article was to evaluate the impact of the flying source node number on Quality of Service (QoS) metrics, such as Packet Delivery Ratio and Goodput at OSI model application layer. A scenario was considered when hovering over UAVs, in the zone of reliable communication, transmitted a stream of video data to a ground station, then the distance between the UAV and the GS increased to repeat the experiment. The bitrate was maintained at the same level, close to the bitrate of real high-definition video. The experiment was carried out in the Network Simulator 3 (NS-3) simulation environment for scenarios with one, two, four, and eight source nodes. Simulation results have shown the negative impact of the increasing the number of flying source nodes on Quality of Service (QoS) metrics such as Packet Delivery Rate (PDR) and Goodput. Recommendations regarding the applicability of different standards of the 802.11 family to scenarios for using UAVs in the multistreaming video data transmission mode are given. A change in the relationship of useful throughput on the number of source nodes by 15 % was also found.
Adaptation of a CAD System for Technological Process Formation for Part Manufacturing in Small-Series and Single Production
Authors: Kordyukov A.V. , Savchenkov M.I. , Chernova A.A.
Published: December 2023

The task of automating the system of technological preparation of production, including the stage of technological process design, is currently gaining special relevance. Implementation of re-engineering programs within the framework of solving the problems of ensuring technological independence and safety implies rapid deployment of production capacities and effective development of new production facilities. As a consequence, reliable and correct for application in various forms of production enterprises automation systems are required. The existing systems of automated design of technological processes remain poorly adapted for single and small batch productions, so they are practically not applicable for multi-nomenclature productions of small or medium-sized enterprises. Functioning of modern domestic systems of computer-aided design of technological process is based on algorithms adapted and applied in conditions of large series, when production has greater stability of production of products. Consequently, it is necessary to adapt the algorithms of technological process design to work at a small-scale enterprise. The general scheme of technological process design for serial systems of automated technological process design is considered, the possibilities of its unification and subsequent adaptation for single and small batch productions are shown and evaluated. On the basis of the analysis of the obtained unified functional scheme the adaptation of the algorithm of formation of the technological process of part manufacturing is carried out. Taking into account the existing limitations and requirements to the peculiarities of functioning of the systems of computer-aided design of technological process in single and small batch production, a new functionality of the subsystem of initial information preparation is formed and proposed. The proposed algorithm of forming the technological process of part manufacturing includes three fundamental blocks: preparation of initial information, construction of the technological model of the part and its analysis, formation and issuance of technological documentation. Thus, the proposed adapted algorithm of technological process formation in the conditions of single and small batch production of products has a simpler form, understandable structure.
Modeling and Analysis of a Multidimensional Planar Monoreactive Oscillator
Authors: Popov I.P. , Filkin N.M. , Kharin V.V. , Mityunin A.A.
Published: December 2023

The work belongs to the field of mechanical engineering, namely: to oscillating mechanical systems. The relevance of the study is determined by the fact that fluctuations of inertial masses are found everywhere. In the field of construction and use of aviation and rocket technology, this topic is of particular importance. Like a three-dimensional plane coordinate system in the coordinate plane Z, a multidimensional system with n axes shifted relative to each other by angles can be considered. There is an arbitrary vector emanating from the origin. It is proved that the points which are the coordinates of the end of the vector in the coordinate system are the vertices of a regular polygon. The shape and dimensions of the polygon are not related to the coordinates of the vector i.e. are unchanged. The center of a regular polygon in all cases coincides with the middle of the vector. In the considered (idealized) case, the polygon, at the vertices of which there are oscillating weights of masses m, lies in the Z plane multi-piston mechanism. In the considered multidimensional plane monoreactive oscillator, free harmonic linear oscillations of loads can occur. In this case, only kinetic energy is involved in the energy exchange. There is no need for elastic elements. The oscillator does not have a fixed natural oscillation frequency. The frequency depends on the initial speeds and positions of the weights. A regular polygon makes a double rotation - around the point 0 and around the point r. At the same time, the loads carry out linear harmonic oscillations with amplitude R. The use of a crank-slider or crank-and-rod mechanism will allow organizing the parallel movement of goods.
A Review on Online Phishing Detection Using Machine Learning
Authors: Admane Adinath , Andhale Abhishek , Assalkar Aaditya , Bastapure Om , Mote Aparna V.
Published: December 2023

Abstract: The rapid growth of the internet and the increasing dependence on online services have led to a significant rise in cyber threats, with phishing attacks being a prevalent and pervasive threat. Phishing attacks often involve the use of deceptive techniques to trick users into divulging sensitive information, such as login credentials, credit card details, and personal information. Detecting and preventing phishing attacks in real-time has become a critical challenge for individuals, businesses, and organizations. This research paper presents an approach for online phishing detection using machine learning techniques. The primary objective is to develop a system that can automatically identify and classify phishing websites and emails, thereby enhancing cyber security and protecting users from falling victim to these malicious activities. Online phishing detection has gained significant importance, which will only grow with the amount of dependency on cyberspace, the proposed system provides an easy solution, during cases when the user is unsure about the authenticity of the website visited, they can try to copy the Uniform Resource Locator (URL) and paste the link into the online phishing detection system. Through the system process, it will help the user to identify whether given links were legitimate website or it is a phishing website. Therefore, the user will not be in a doubtful situation the whole day in wondering whether the information they gave in a certain website is safe or not. Providing complex decision with simplicity, the system will help the user to detect each variable of URL given accurate.
AI ChatBot for Android App
Authors: M Ms Kumudha
Published: December 2023

Abstract: This abstract outlines the development of an AI-based chatbot solution designed to enhance user experience within Android applications. The chatbot serves as a virtual assistant, guiding users through different segments of the queries and facilitating various actions. It offers real-time suggestions to users, highlighting features and solutions that users may not be aware of, ultimately leading to a more efficient and intuitive application experience. The primary objective of this AI chatbot is to empower users by simplifying user understanding through an android app. This navigation assistance spans from basic tasks such as finding specific features to more complex questions, making it an valuable tool for both novice and experienced users. Moreover, the AI chatbot goes beyond mere guidance by offering proactive suggestions and leveraging its understanding of user preferences
Role of Annealing Temperature on Improving the Hydrogen Storage Capacity of Copper Nano-Particles Decorated Carbon Nano Materials Synthesized from Sugarcane Bagasse
Authors: Mukherjee Bholanath T.
Published: December 2023

Abstract: This study focuses on improving hydrogen storage capacity of Carbon Nano Materials (CNMs) by investigating the role of annealing temperature for the synthesis of Copper Nano-Particles (CuNPs) decorated CNMs synthesized from sugarcane bagasse (SCB). SCB was pyrolyzed at around 750°C in an inert medium. Pyrolyzed carbon thus obtained was activated by alkali. These activated carbons were then decorated with CuNPs by annealing at different temperatures in CO2 atmosphere. The CNMs thus synthesized were characterized using XRD and Raman spectroscopic analysis to elucidate the structural intervention with particle size and defects respectively, while EDAX and ICP-AES were utilized to quantify the amount of copper deposited. SEM analysis depicts the porous morphology being decorated with spherical copper nanoparticles. Hydrogen Storage capacity was explored using Sievert’s apparatus. Pore volumes of CNMs synthesized at different annealing temperature were determined from adsorption isotherm co-relating it with hydrogen adsorption observation from Sievert’s apparatus for evaluating better hydrogen storage
Profit comparison analysis in production system simulation based on lean principles to achieve sustainable manufacturing
Authors: Mangngenre Saiful , Indah Besse , Syamsul Nadzirah , Nurwahidah Andi , Bagus Muhammad
Published: December 2023

Companies can achieve effective and efficient process if they make continuous improvements to achieve sustainability. In general, companies are aware of waste in the production process, but do not carry out measurements and analyzes related to this waste, including unit cost and profit analysis. A production system is needed that is able to minimize the unit costs and maximize profits in the company, one of the concepts used is the lean concept. This study aims to analyze the cost unit and profit generated in production systems that apply lean principles. Production system simulation is carried out using the concepts of Heijunka, Jidouka, and Kanban System. These three concepts are applied to a production system simulation that uses miniature cars with unit cost and profit comparison outputs with traditional production systems, pull systems, heijunka, jidouka, and Kanban systems. The results show that the unit cost of simulations 1 to 6 is getting lower, while the profit is increasing. In simulations 1 and 2 no profit was obtained because of implementing the traditional system while in simulations 3 to 6 there was an increase in profit because they had applied lean principles to the production system. Simulations that have implemented the lean concept have low unit costs and increasing profits, but what distinguishes the work methods applied. Production systems that apply the lean concept can help a company achieve sustainability in the economic field.
Improving supply chain risk assessment with artificial neural network predictions
Authors: Rezki Nisrine , Mansouri Mohamed
Published: December 2023

Operational excellence serves as a cornerstone for the success of businesses,and effective risk management is key for minimizing disruptions, and ensuring business continuity. This paper proposes an innovative methodology that harnesses the power of machine learning in supply chain risk assessment to enhance the ability of organizations to identify, predict, and mitigate various risks that can impact their efficiency, effectiveness, and resilience. This study addresses the inherent subjectivity in human assessment which presents a significant challenges and potential biases in the evaluation process. Auditors, who play a crucial role in identifying and assessing risks within an organization's operations, often rely on subjective judgments influenced by their experiences, expertise, and personal biases. To mitigate this issue, we employ a deconstruction approach, breaking down risk factors into sub-factors, and leverage an Artificial Neural Network model as a predictive tool for accurate risk level predictions and enhanced assessment objectivity. Real-world data from a global automotive company specializing in wiring harnesses are utilized to train the Neural Network model, on a dataset of 2100 samples, exhibits good performance of risk prediction as evaluated by appropriate metrics such as Determination Coefficients and Mean Square Error. Overall, this research contributes to the advancement of risk management practices addressing the challenges of subjectivity in human assessment, to more objective by providing a reliable and data-driven framework that supports managers in strategic decision-making and fortifies supply chain operations through an early risk alarm, empowering organizations to proactively manage risks and achieve autonomy in effective risk management.
Drivers of intangible assets accumulation as a prerequisite for Industry 4.0
Authors: Pekarcik Marek , Durcova Julia
Published: December 2023

Industrial revolutions are causing unprecedented changes in the country’s economy. These changes are driven by new technologies and innovations. This is primarily based on the growing importance of intangible assets. These are the main characteristics of the ongoing industrial revolution. In the absence of a precise definition and indicators quantifying Industry 4.0, intangible assets are presumed to be the common basis of determinants of Industry 4.0. This paper presents the theoretical basis for determining the Industrial Revolution. Comprehensively describes the determinants of the accumulation of intangible assets. Implementing a panel regression technique with random effects shows the results. We identify the factors unlocking the accumulation of intangible assets. This is primarily in the area of government direct and indirect support for investment in R&D and other innovation assets. Also, it is about creating the environment to encourage private investment in innovation assets, intangible ICT assets and economic competencies.
THE NEED TO IMPROVE THE MANAGEMENT OF THE EQUIPMENT TECHNICAL STATE THROUGH THE USE OF DIGITAL MONITORING TOOLS
Authors:   Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM, SAYAPIN A.S. , PETRISHCHEV N.A. , PESTRYAKOV E.V.
Published: December 2023

Thanks to the development of modern electronics and information technologies, digital diagnostic systems are being actively introduced at industrial enterprises in Russia. These systems allow you to monitor the technical condition of machines and significantly simplify maintenance by transmitting data for troubleshooting directly to the service departments. (Research purpose) The research purpose is analyzing and developing the proposals for improving the management of the technical state of machines through the introduction of digital monitoring tools. (Materials and methods) Studied the materials and documentation developed at VIM, GOSNITI, included in the «Integrated system of maintenance and repair of machinery in Agriculture», as well as methodological guidelines for diagnosing and managing the reliability of agricultural machinery. It was established that in order to effectively manage the technical condition of the operated and manufactured equipment, it is necessary to develop digital diagnostic and monitoring tools. (Results and discussion) They presented the priority requirements for the use of digital monitoring tools used in the implementation of assigned repair and maintenance actions based on data from periodic or continuous monitoring by diagnostic tools. Within the framework of the implementation of the industry project «Digital Agriculture» on the basis of KSTOR to develop proposals for managing the reliability of agricultural machinery. At the same time, digital monitoring systems should provide non-selective diagnostics of components with the possibility of general and indepth monitoring; assessment of the condition without the influence of the «human» factor; the efficiency of data extraction to obtain a significant technical and economic effect. (Conclusions) In order to effectively manage the technical condition, it is necessary to increase the level of adaptability of units and aggregates to diagnostics for the use of developed digital monitoring tools.
CHEMIZATION OF AGRICULTURE AS A CONCEPT IN RUSSIAN AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, ITS GENESIS AND DEVELOPMENT
Authors:   Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM, TSENCH YU.S. , SIDOROV I.V. ,   Gzhel State University
Published: December 2023

The chemicalization of agriculture is a necessary condition for the intensification of production, despite the long history of the development of agrochemical knowledge, in our country it had to go through a long path of recognition among practitioners and in the scientific community. Organized efforts for the systematic use of a variety of chemical products for a number of reasons began only in the XX century, before that it remained the work of enthusiasts. Over time, the very understanding of chemicalization as a direction and principle of agricultural development has changed. (Research purpose) The research purpose is analyzing the development of the concept of «chemicalization of agriculture» in the context of the history of science and technology. (Materials and methods) Studied monographs, regulatory legal acts, collected works of outstanding scientists using chronological, genetic and biographical methods. (Results and discussion) It was shown that the chemicalization of agriculture in Russia by the time this concept appeared was a long-overdue need, but in the pre-revolutionary period it did not receive full support and was of a debatable nature. It was noted that the chemicalization of agriculture corresponded to the interests of the Soviet government, thanks to which it acquired the status of a nationwide campaign. Over time, it has grown from a slogan into an established scientific principle. (Conclusions) Over the century in scientific circulation, the concept of «chemicalization of agriculture» has changed (with minor variations) in the direction from the simple use of a limited assortment to an integrated system combining a wide range of agrochemicals with machine technologies of their application. Changes in the meaning of the concept reflect the evolution of views in agricultural science and practice, the social situation, the state of infrastructure and the achieved level of scientific and technical potential of the country and its agro-industrial complex.
PROMISING AREAS OF DIGITALIZATION IN THE TECHNICAL MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY
Authors:   Russian Research Institute of Information and Technical and Economic Research on Engineering and Technical Support of the Agro-industrial Complex, GOLUBEV I.G. , BYKOV V.V. , GOLUBEV M.I. , APATENKO A.S. , SEVRYUGINA N.S. ,   Russian State Agrarian University - K.A. Timiryazev Agricultural Academy
Published: December 2023

In the agro-industrial complex, it is possible to reduce operating costs by improving the organization and technology of maintenance and repair of machines, including using digital solutions. (Research purpose) The research purpose is identifying the promising areas for the development of digital technologies and the possibilities of their application in the maintenance and repair of agricultural machinery. (Materials and methods) Used open information sources and Internet resources of specialized Russian scientific and educational organizations and industrial companies, as well as materials of various annual exhibitions, including international ones; electronic information resources in the form of databases that are created and maintained at Rosinformagrotech (Results and discussion) It was determined that such digital solutions as «smart spare parts warehouse», «smart oil storage» are used in repair and maintenance production. It was established that the promising areas of the use of digital technologies include digital enterprise management systems, intelligent systems for diagnosing machines, robotic systems. One of the most dynamically developing areas of «digital» production in the world is the use of additive technologies that can be used in the manufacture of spare parts and the restoration of parts, including for imported machinery. In recent years, the trend of digitalization development in various industries, including the agro-industrial complex, has been the use of «digital» doubles. (Conclusions) In the field of maintenance and repair, intelligent systems for diagnosing machines, «digital» doubles, 3D scanning and reverse engineering of parts, 3D printing of spare parts and additive technologies for repairing parts will be in demand.
ON-BOARD INFORMATION CONTROL AND DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM FOR MODERN AGRICULTURAL MACHINES
Authors:   Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM, SOLOMASHKIN A.A.
Published: December 2023

In any modern machine, irreversible aging processes of its parts and assemblies occur during operation. The geometric dimensions of resource-defining interfaces change, which lead to failures of mechanical systems, their reliability decreases. The development of information control and diagnostic systems is an urgent task. (Research purpose) The research purpose is outlining the main approaches to the development of an on-board information control and diagnostic system for equipping modern agricultural machines with it; developing an electronic technical certificate that allows you to control the technical condition of machine parts in the conditions of its ordinary operation. (Materials and methods) Previously developed documents and patents were used: a method for determining the residual resource, a method for maintenance and repair of machines, certificates of state registration of computer programs. (Results and discussion) It was established that in order to create an on-board control and diagnostic system, a microcontroller with memory and USB 3.0 inputs/outputs must be connected to the CAN bus of each modern machine to obtain information on the parameters of resource-defining parts. It was noted that the presence of this system will allow at any time to obtain information about the controlled parameters and, based on them, make a decision on the serviceability and operability of the parts of the specified machine. The structure of the electronic technical passport was given and its role in the technical condition of the parts of this machine was shown. An important task when creating a system is to determine the type of information sensors, the place of connection and their outputs to the CAN bus. According to the main resource-defining interfaces of the machine, it is possible to determine the permissible wear and dimensions. (Conclusions) Aging is an increase in entropy. The proposed on-board information control and diagnostic system will allow timely detection of the state of resource-determining interfaces, which will increase the efficiency and reliability of the machine.
ELASTOMERIC POLYMER COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCTION OF SPARE PARTS FOR ROBOTIC MILKING SYSTEM
Authors:   Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM, DENISOV V.A. , SLAVKINA V.E. , TUZHILIN S.P. , SHITOV A.O.
Published: December 2023

Currently, the import of spare parts of systems, in particular, nipple rubber and elastomeric parts of the milk pump of the milking unit, has been discontinued. In this regard, the problem of developing technologies for manufacturing elastomeric spare parts for milking machines becomes urgent. One of the possible ways of cost-effective production of spare parts in conditions of small-scale production is free casting or low-pressure casting. To implement such technologies, materials with low viscosity (less than 50 pascals per second) are needed, which include polymer compounds. (Research purpose) The research purpose is determining the brands of elastomeric polymer compounds suitable for the manufacture of spare parts for milking machines. (Materials and methods) Used scientific and technical literature as materials for studying, including articles of indexed periodicals and open sources of information containing information about elastomeric polymer compounds. Research methods are the collection, study and comparative analysis of information. (Results and discussion) It was found that among all polymer compounds, epoxy, polyester, polyurethane and silicone compounds were the most widespread in mechanical engineering and the food industry. It was determined that compounds based on polyurethane or silicone are the most suitable for the manufacture of spare parts for milking machines. These materials provide sufficient mechanical characteristics and high elasticity of the manufactured part. It was noted that silicone-based compounds are used for food purposes, which ensures the chemical and biological inertia of the part. (Conclusions) The most suitable brands of elastomeric silicone compounds are Elastolux Platinum 40 and Silagerm 8040. These materials are manufactured in Russia, have low shrinkage, provide high strength and elasticity of the final parts.
EVALUATION OF WEAR RESISTANCE OF PLASMA COATINGS OF CULTIVATORS’ PAWS
Authors:   Southwest State University, AGEEVA E.V. , SEREBROVSKIY V.V. , SEMYKIN V.A. ,   Kursk State Agrarian University named after I.I. Ivanov, KONCHIN V.A.
Published: December 2023

The use of powders obtained from solid alloy waste as a highly solid dispersed component of the composition for plasma-powder surfacing will increase the quality, reliability and durability of plasma coatings of working bodies of tillage machines with a minimum of costs for powder materials. (Research purpose) The research purpose is evaluating the wear resistance of plasma coatings obtained using powder materials made by electroerosive dispersion of T30K4 hard alloy waste. (Materials and methods) A plasma powder surfacing unit and carbide powders made by electrodispersion of T30K4 hard alloy waste in kerosene were used. We chose a pointed cultivator paw made of 40XC steel sheet with a thickness of 6.0 millimeters for the renovation object. The following research equipment was used: NovaNanoSEM 450 scanning electron microscope; OLYMPUS GX51 inverted optical microscope; high-temperature tribometer manufactured by CSM Instruments; automated precision contact profilometer SURTRONIC 25. (Results and discussion) A new technology was developed, tested and investigated for the restoration and hardening of worn parts of automotive equipment with composite electroplating coatings using molybdenum disulfide as a solid lubricant, the effectiveness of which is confirmed by the properties of coatings: the microstructure of the coating has a fine-grained structure, without inclusions, uniform phase distribution and the absence of pores, cracks and discontinuities. The proposed technology of restoration and hardening of worn parts of automotive equipment by composite electroplating with the use of molybdenum disulfide as a solid lubricant makes it possible to provide the necessary tribotechnical properties of coatings. (Conclusions). They presented a new technology for restoring and strengthening worn-out paws of cultivators by plasma-powder surfacing using powder materials made by electroerosive dispersion of solid alloy waste of the T30K4 brand. Its effectiveness is confirmed by the characteristics of the wear resistance of the coating: the value of the friction coefficient of the coating surface is from 0.216 to 0.826; the value of the wear factor of the counterbody made of StainlessSteel AISI 420 steel with a microhardness of 8.0 hectopascals and the coating with a microhardness of 6.262 hectopascals is 0.019 and 1.676.
INCREASING THE DURABILITY OF EXTERIOR PARTS OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY USING COMPOSITE MATERIALS
Authors:   Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM, DENISOV V.A. , SLAVKINA V.E. , ALEHINA R.A. , KASIMOV R.M.
Published: December 2023

The problem of ensuring the durability of machines is currently extremely relevant, since the aging of the fleet of machines is outpacing the pace of the necessary technical re-equipment. The use of traditional metal materials and outdated technologies in the designs of agricultural machines leads to an increase in the cost of their production, a decrease in resource and durability. The use of corrosion-resistant materials, such as polymer composites, for exterior elements allows to increase the durability of agricultural machinery and reduce corrosion-related damage. (Research purpose) To perform an analytical review of production methods by which it is possible to manufacture exterior parts of agricultural machinery from composite materials. (Materials and methods) It was determined that the material of this study is open information sources; the research method consists in the collection, study and comparative analysis of information. (Results and discussion) It was noted that the following technologies are used for the production of exterior parts of agricultural machinery: vacuum molding, contact molding, pressure impregnation, injection molding. Vacuum forming consists in the production of materials in hot form by the method of exposure to vacuum or low air pressure. Contact molding is a manual layering of reinforcing material and impregnation of each layer with resin. When impregnated under pressure, the fibrous billet is placed in the inner mold, leaving a gap that allows the resin to be injected and the fibers to be impregnated. The essence of injection molding is the forced filling of the working cavity of the metal mold with melt and the formation of the casting, which occurs under the action of the press piston. (Conclusions) Distinctive features of the exterior elements of agricultural machinery are their large overall dimensions and low requirements for the accuracy of shapes and sizes, which determines the scope of technologies possible for their manufacture. The least labor-intensive and simply implemented in a single production method is contact molding. In mass production, the most suitable method is injection molding.
USING THE THERMOGRAPHY METHOD FOR ANIMALS’ HEALTH TO ASSESS
Authors:   Белорусский государственный аграрный технический университет, RAKEVICH YU.A. , GIRUTSKY I.I.
Published: December 2023

Identification of the milking equipment’s condition and dairy cows disease’s early detection at cows tie free keeping conditions on dairy farms require the stressfree methods of experimental research development in real time’s regime. At the same time, it is important the milking equipment’s condition to determine, because it forms a biotechnical system together with the dairy cow, due to its impact on the biological object - the dairy cow. The cow udder’s thermographic image obtaining and analyzing allows to monitor the cow's udder thermal field and cow's disease with mastitis by the milking equipment impact’s degree detecting. The factors that need to be taken into account at thermography experimental studies conducting are considered: the experiment’s choice and location, animal adaptation, milking parlor’s microclimate, thermal imager parameters’ setting. The thermographic method for milking equipment diagnosis, cows’ udder health, the milking machine functional processes using effectiveness evaluation allows to obtain the following information parameters: the cows’ teats and udders temperature, temperature difference between symmetrical areas, udder and teats temperature changes’ dynamics, thermographic image’s analysis (colors’ palette, control points, lines or areas). The remote automate monitoring system allows noninvasive, contactless data collection, that can be transmitted in real time or downloaded information for the animal biological condition’s providing.
DEVELOPMENT OF A METHOD FOR COWS EXTERIOR INDICATORS’ MATHEMATICAL PREDICTION MODELS OF LIVE WEIGHT AND MILK PRODUCTION OBTAINING TO CREATE
Authors:   Удмуртский государственный аграрный университет, BARANOVA I.A.
Published: December 2023

The relationship identification between the animal’s body type and genotypic and phenotypic features will allow a comprehensive of animals assessment by breeding value and production type, their health and prospects for use to formulate. In this regard, an important component of a comprehensive assessment is the exterior’s indicators of animal’s determination. Currently, contact and contactless methods of animal’s measurements determining in animal science are used. However, analyzed methods at practical application have disadvantages. A new approach to exterior assessment is presented. The exterior’s parameters by animal images’ processing with photographing and depth sensor using were determined. The body’s main measurements, such as height at the withers, chest depth, chest width, rump width, hip straight length, straight length of the body, pastern’s circumference, rump length, back’s depth in the lower, pine bone width, were measured in industrial conditions. They were with 1 mm and an error close to 2% of accuracy determined. On the basis of animal obtained measurements, formulas for body type’s index calculating were developed, that make it possible the animal’s exterior-and-constitutional type to identify. Given the high degree of correlation between exterior parameters and milk production, exterior parameters and live weight, the calculated body type’s indexes are the basis for cows’ milk and meat production predicting.
THE STATE, PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF MILK PRODUCTION IN RUSSIA
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education Penza State Agrarian University, ZIMNYAKOV V.M. , ILYINA G.V. , ILYIN D.YU. , ZIMNYAKOV A.M. ,   Federal State Government-financed Estamblishment Penza State University
Published: December 2023

The Russian milk and dairy products producing and consumption's analysis per year: the milk production's volume in the country amounted to 32,2 million tons in 2021, consumption - 240 kg per person is given. The number of Russian cattle (including cows) in comparative assessment in 2012-2021 is presented; the cows' share in 2021 was decreased till 43,6% in compared to 43,9% in 2020. Comparing the number of cows' indicators by Russian farms' category in 2020-2021, it can be noted that they have not changed. The shares of Russian federal districts-milk producers in the milk total volume production in 2021 are given. The largest milk producer is the Volga Federal District, whose total share in 2021 was 30,7%. Milk production's indicators are presented: milk yield per 1 cow in 2021 in agricultural organizations amounted to 7162 kg, in 2020 this indicator was 6879 kg. The main raw milk domestic producers' rating has been compiled. The milk production volume of the top ten rating in 2021 amounted to 2,9 million tons. The dairy production's role in country's food security ensuring was noted. In the Russian domestic market, there is a steady growth in raw milk production. The dairy industry active support from the state contributes has to the positive dynamics in 2021 the state allocated more than 30,0 billion rubles for dairy industry developing.