bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Treadmill exercise alleviates diabetic cardiomyopathy by suppressing plasminogen activator inhibitor expression and enhancing eNOS in streptozotocin-induced male diabetic rats
Authors: Chengji Wang , Xianjin Fan
Published: March 2018

Objective

To investigate the biological mechanism of the effect of different intensity exercises on diabetic cardiomyopathy.

Methods

87 raise specific pathogen SPF healthy 6-week-old male Sprague–Dawley rats, fed 6 weeks with high-fat diet for rats were used, and a diabetic model was established by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin – randomly selected 43 rats were divided into Diabetic control group (DCG, n = 10), Diabetic exercise group 1 (DEG1, n = 11), Diabetic exercise group 2 (DEG2, n = 11) and Diabetic exercise group 3 (DEG3, n = 11). The rats in DEG1 were forced to run on a motorized treadmill, the exercise load consisted of running at a speed of 10 m/min, the exercise load of the rats in DEG2 were running at a speed of 15 m/min, the exercise load of the rats in DEG3 were running at a speed of 20 m/min, for one hour once a day for 6 weeks. After 6 weeks of exercise intervention, glucose metabolism-related indexes in rats such as blood glucose (FBG), glycosylated serum protein (GSP) and insulin (FINS); cardiac fibrinolytic system parameters such as PAI-1 (plasminogen activator inhibitor 1), Von Willebrand factor (vWF), protein kinase C (PKC) and diacylglycerol (DAG); and serum level of NO, eNOS and T-NOS were measured.

Result

Compared with DCG, fasting blood glucose and GSP were decreased, while insulin sensitivity index and insulin level were increased in all rats of the three exercise groups. FBG decrease was statistically significant (P < 0.01), only GSP decrease was statistically significant (P < 0.05) in DEG1 and DEG2, PAI-1 in three exercise groups were significantly reduced (P < 0.05), plasma vWF levels in the three exercise groups were significantly lower than those in the DCG group (P < 0.01); PKC levels decreased dramatically in the three exercise groups and DAG levels decrease slightly (P < 0.05), but with no significant difference. Compared with DCG, the serum level of NO was significantly higher (P < 0.05), and eNOS level was significantly elevated (P < 0.05). T-NOS elevation was statistically significant in DEG1 (P < 0.05).

Conclusions

Low- and moderate-intensity exercise can better control blood glucose level in diabetic rats; myocardial PAI-1 in DEG1, DEG2 and DEG3 rats decreased significantly (P < 0.05), serum NO increased (P < 0.05) and eNOS increased (P < 0.05) significantly. Therefore, it is inferred that exercise improves the biological mechanism of diabetic cardiomyopathy by affecting the levels of PAI-1 and eNOS, and there is a dependence on intensity.
Thyroxine inhibits resveratrol-caused apoptosis by PD-L1 in ovarian cancer cells
Authors: Chin Yu-Tang , Wei Po-Li , Ho Yih , Nana André Wendindondé , Changou Chun A , Chen Yi-Ru , Yang Yu-Chen SH , Hsieh Meng-Ti , Hercbergs Aleck , Davis Paul J , Shih Ya-Jung , Lin Hung-Yun
Published: March 2018

Thyroid hormone,l-thyroxine (T4), has been shown to promote ovarian cancer cell proliferation via a receptor on plasma membrane integrin αvβ3 and to induce the activation of ERK1/2 and expression of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) in cancer cells. In contrast, resveratrol binds to integrin αvβ3 at a discrete site and induces p53-dependent antiproliferation in malignant neoplastic cells. The mechanism of resveratrol action requires nuclear accumulation of inducible cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and its complexation with phosphorylated ERK1/2. In this study, we examined the mechanism by which T4impairs resveratrol-induced antiproliferation in human ovarian cancer cells and found that T4inhibited resveratrol-induced nuclear accumulation of COX-2. Furthermore, T4increased expression and cytoplasmic accumulation of PD-L1, which in turn acted to retain inducible COX-2 in the cytoplasm. Knockdown ofPD-L1by small hairpin RNA (shRNA) relieved the inhibitory effect of T4on resveratrol-induced nuclear accumulation of COX-2- and COX-2/p53-dependent gene expression. Thus, T4inhibits COX-2-dependent apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells by retaining inducible COX-2 with PD-L1 in the cytoplasm. These findings provide new insights into the antagonizing effect of T4on resveratrol’s anticancer properties.
De-silencing Grb10 contributes to acute ER stress-induced steatosis in mouse liver
Authors: Luo Liping , Jiang Wanxiang , Liu Hui , Bu Jicheng , Tang Ping , Du Chongyangzi , Xu Zhipeng , Luo Hairong , Liu Bilian , Xiao Bo , Zhou Zhiguang , Liu Feng
Published: March 2018

The growth factor receptor bound protein GRB10 is an imprinted gene product and a key negative regulator of the insulin, IGF1 and mTORC1 signaling pathways. GRB10 is highly expressed in mouse fetal liver but almost completely silenced in adult mice, suggesting a potential detrimental role of this protein in adult liver function. Here we show that the Grb10 gene could be reactivated in adult mouse liver by acute endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER stress) such as tunicamycin or a short-term high-fat diet (HFD) challenge, concurrently with increased unfolded protein response (UPR) and hepatosteatosis. Lipogenic gene expression and acute ER stress-induced hepatosteatosis were significantly suppressed in the liver of the liver-specific GRB10 knockout mice, uncovering a key role of Grb10 reactivation in acute ER stress-induced hepatic lipid dysregulation. Mechanically, acute ER stress induces Grb10 reactivation via an ATF4-mediated increase in Grb10 gene transcription. Our study demonstrates for the first time that the silenced Grb10 gene can be reactivated by acute ER stress and its reactivation plays an important role in the early development of hepatic steatosis.
Potential asbestos exposure among patients with primary lung cancer in Japan
Authors: Tamura Akihiko , Funakoshi Mitsuhiko , Naw Awn J-P , Hasegawa Kichinori , Ishimine Atsushi , Koike Akio , Tannai Noriyuki , Fujii Masami , Hattori Makoto , Hirano Harukazu , Nakamura Kenji , Funakoshi Masanobu , Satomi Kazuhiko , Yamashita Yoshihito , Fukuchi Yasuma , Suganuma Narufumi
Published: March 2018

Objective

To investigate the extent of asbestos exposure among patients with primary lung cancer in Japan.

Methods

A retrospective estimation of potential asbestos-exposed individuals, as determined by the presence of pleural plaques identified on chest computed tomography (CT), was conducted on 885 pathologically confirmed primary lung cancer patients (mean age 71.3 years, 641 males). All patients were diagnosed at 29 hospitals across Japan between 2006 and 2007. Since these hospitals belong to the Japan Federation of Democratic Medical Institutions (MINIREN), an organization of medical institutions for workers, the study subjects may contain a higher proportion of workers than the general population.

Results

Pleural plaques were identified in 12.8% of subjects (15.8% in males and 4.9% in females), consisting exclusively of cases older than 50 years. They were found most frequently on the chest wall pleura (96.5%), followed by the diaphragm (23.9%) and mediastinum (9.7%). Calcifications were seen in 47 cases (41.6%). The highest prevalence of pleural plaques was seen among workers from construction-related fields (37.7%). No distinct lung cancer histology was observed in patients with pleural plaques. Coexistence of pleural plaques and small irregular opacities was observed in 2.5% of subjects.

Conclusion

In a Japanese population representing more workers than general Japanese, 12.8% of patients with primary lung cancer may have experienced asbestos exposure at some time in the past. Special medical attention should be paid to individuals with a history of employment in construction-related occupations, as workers in this sector showed the highest prevalence of pleural plaques.
What are the new challenges, goals, and tasks of occupational health in China’s Thirteenth Five-Year Plan (13th FYP) period?
Authors: Wang Bing , Wu Chao , Kang Liangguo , Huang Lang , Pan Wei
Published: March 2018

Objective

In recent years, the Chinese government has attached great importance to occupational health under the guidance of people-oriented concept. This paper introduces the current status and future development of occupational health in China’s Thirteenth Five-Year Plan (13th FYP) period (2016-2020) to promote the cooperation and exchange on occupational health between China and other countries.

Methods

We collected statistical data about occupational diseases and information addressing occupational diseases. We included all types of official reports, guidelines, policies, and relevant laws published by the Chinese government.

Results

China has carried out a series of strategies and measures to reduce the incidence of occupational diseases, and has made progress in occupational health protection. However, occupational health in China still faces severe conditions and challenges for occupational diseases that have not been prevented and controlled effectively. To actively promote the future development of occupational health during the 13th FYP period, China has issued a series of important policy documents (such as the Plan for a Healthy China 2030, the 13th FYP for Occupational Disease Prevention and Control, and the 13th FYP for Occupational Health Hazard Prevention and Control) in the last two years.

Conclusion

The overall situation condition of occupational health in China is still serious. Occupational health in China’s 13th FYP period faces a series of challenges, future tasks include plans to add the employer and regulatory levels of occupational health management, and occupational health education and publicity to the current technology-dominated approaches.
Comparison of accelerometer-measured sedentary behavior, and light- and moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity in white- and blue-collar workers in a Japanese manufacturing plant
Authors: Fukushima Noritoshi , Kitabayashi Makiko , Kikuchi Hiroyuki , Sasai Hiroyuki , Oka Koichiro , Nakata Yoshio , Tanaka Shigeho , Inoue Shigeru
Published: March 2018

Objective

The times spent in sedentary behavior (SB) and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) are independently associated with health outcomes; however, objective data on physical activity levels including SB among different occupations is limited. We compared accelerometer-measured times spent in SB, light-intensity physical activity (LPA), and MVPA, and the patterns associated with prolonged bouts of SB between white- and blue-collar workers.

Methods

The study population consisted of 102 full-time plant workers (54 white-collar and 48 blue-collar) who wore a triaxial accelerometer during waking hours for 5 working days. Accelerometer-measured activity levels were categorized as SB (≤ 1.5 metabolic equivalents (METs)), LPA (1.6-2.9 METs), and MVPA (≥ 3.0 METs). A sedentary bout was defined as consecutive minutes during which the accelerometer registered less than ≤ 1.5 METs. Accelerometer variables were compared between white and blue-collar workers through analysis of covariance.

Results

During working hours, white-collar workers spent significantly more time in SB and less time in LPA than blue-collar workers (SB: 6.4 h vs. 4.8 h, 73% vs. 55% of total work time; LPA: 1.9 h vs. 3.5 h, 22% vs. 40% of total work time, p<.001), whereas the MVPA time was similar between the groups. White-collar workers spent significantly more SB time in prolonged sedentary bouts (≥30 min) compared to blue-collar workers. During leisure time, the SB, LPA, and MVPA times were similar between the groups.

Conclusions

White-collar workers have significantly longer SB times than blue-collar workers during work hours, and do not compensate for their excess SB during work by reducing SB during leisure time.
DECONTAMINATION EFFECT OF ELECTROLYZED WATER WASHING ON FRUITS AND VEGETABLES
Authors: Turantaş Fulya , Ersus-Bilek Seda , Sömek ÃzgÃ¼l , Kuşçu Alper
Published: March 2018

The use of electrolyzed water in the washing of fruits and vegetables is a promising alternative treatment to chlorine washing. Electrolyzed water washing, is safer, healthier, reduces cleaning times, and is ready to handle. In recent years, food poisoning outbreaks which are caused by bacteria with acid tolerance response in fruits and vegetables has increased. In addition, pathogen produce cases and outbreaks linked to fresh fruits and vegetables, such as cantaloupes, strawberries, fruit salads, spinach, lettuce, celery, and tomatoes has been encountered. Nowadays, the necessity of effective and healthy decontamination processes has gained more importance. The aim of this review is to offer a complete view about electrolyzed water, its classifications and applications. Decontamination results of extant literature of electrolyzed water were also presented. Also, the effects and results of electrolyzed water decontamination on the microbial counts of fresh fruits and vegetables compared with different sanitizing agents have been summarized.
PROXIMATE COMPOSITION, ACCEPTABILITY AND STABILITY OF PROBIOTIC DAIRY YOGHURT CONTAINING COOKING BANANA/MATOOKE PUREE AND Lactobacillus rhamnosus yoba
Authors: Muzira Mukisa Ivan , Warugaba Birungi Shamim
Published: March 2018

Cooking bananas/matooke are eaten in the unripe state but quickly ripen leading to postharvest losses. The purpose of this study was to develop fruit-based probiotic dairy yoghurt using ripe matooke and Lactobacillus rhamnosus yoba. Yoghurt mixtures containing varying proportions of matooke (0%, 5%, 7.5% and 10%) were fermented at room temperature for 32 hours. Acidity, pH and counts of Lactobacillus rhamnosus were determined during fermentation and storage (4°C for three weeks). Consumer acceptability was determined at weekly intervals. Lactobacillus rhamnosus counts increased from 7 – 9 log cfu.g-1 after 24 hours of fermentation. Banana accelerated the acidification rate with banana yoghurts attaining pH = 4.4 – 4.5 and acidity of 0.60 – 0.67% in 24 hours. The control took 32 hours to attain a pH = 4.5. Ripe cooking banana introduced a slight banana aroma but did not significantly (p > 0.05) affect consumer acceptability. Yoghurt containing 7.5% banana was most acceptable and contained: 148 kcal 100 g-1, 76.81% moisture, 12.37% carbohydrates, 6.18% protein, 3.35% fat, 0.77% ash and 1.04% calcium. Yoghurt with 7.5% banana was stable at 4°C for 21 days and maintained viable counts above the target of log 6 cfu.g-1 . This study showed that an acceptable fruit based probiotic yoghurt can be produced by adding ripe banana to the yoghurt mix.
ANTIDIABETIC EFFECT OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES SYNTHESIZED USING LEMONGRASS (CYMBOPOGON CITRATUS) THROUGH CONVENTIONAL HEATING AND MICROWAVE IRRADIATION APPROACH
Authors: Agarwal Happy , Venkat Kumar S. , Rajeshkumar S.
Published: March 2018

Biosynthesis of nanoparticles using plant extract is an eco- friendly approach which eliminates the need for using physical and chemical techniques. Nanoparticle use in medical field specially anti-diabetes and anti-cancer application has remained in recent studies owing to its large surface area to volume ratio, which imparts them the capability to interact with any kind of membrane and enzymes in a better manner. This paper presents the optimized synthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) using lemongrass and visualizing its in-vitro anti-diabetic potential. This study involves the comparative analysis of Conventionally heated (CH) and Microwave irradiated (MI) technique for the synthesis of Ag NPs from lemongrass for the first time. The crystalline nature of the nanoparticles was confirmed using X-ray diffraction assay (XRD) with average size range of 75 nm, the size, and shape of the nanoparticles were confirmed as spherical shaped using scanning electron microscope (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) demonstrated aggregate formation of size range 138 nm with mean average size of individual nanoparticle as 80 nm, elements present in the nanoparticles confirmed using elemental dispersive analysis of X-ray (EDAX) and the functional groups of plant extract responsible for nanoparticles synthesis have been confirmed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Surface morphology and the dispersity were observed by Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis. The anti-diabetic potential of nanoparticle synthesized was studied using amylase activity inhibition Assay and glucose diffusion-inhibitory Assay.
MALAGASY TRADITIONAL TREATMENTS OF INFECTIOUS PLANT DISEASES EXERT ANTI-VIRULENCE ACTIVITIES AGAINST PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA AND RALSTONIA SOLANACEARUM
Authors: Rasamiravaka Tsiry , Anthony Raveloson Patrick , Philémon Jacob Rajaonarivelo , Rabemanantsoa Christian , Andrianarisoa Blandine , Duez Pierre , El Jaziri Mondher
Published: March 2018

Traditional Malagasy farmers have developed a range of biological methods to restrict plant diseases without reliance on external or synthetic inputs. Five common Malagasy traditional practices demonstrated to be efficient against potato crop bacterial disease in experimental fields have been investigated for their antibacterial (i.e. bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects) and anti-virulence (i.e. anti-quorum sensing and anti-biofilm) activities against two phytopathogens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Ralstonia solanacearum. Results show that polar (methanolic) extracts of recipes exert anti-virulence activities rather than bacteriostatic and/or bactericidal activities. Indeed, three recipes (R5, R7 and R9) reduce the expression of QS-dependent virulence factors whereas only recipe (R5) exhibit anti-biofilm activities without affecting bacterial growth. R4 and R6 were not active, suggesting other bacterial targets and/or other bioactivity properties. Innovative approaches, inspired from ancestral practices, should be considered in the struggle against infectious diseases to limit the overuse of antibiotics for controlling infectious plant diseases and to reduce the overspread of multidrug resistant bacteria.
ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE ESCHERICHIA COLI ISOLATED FROM CALVES
Authors: Kmeť Vladimir , Bujňáková Dobroslava
Published: March 2018

A total of 160 Escherichia coli strains isolated from calves during one year period were investigated for verotoxigenicity, integron 1 and antibiotic resistance. Selected 30 verotoxigenic or integron 1 positive E. coli isolates were studied for antibiotic resistance genes, including the detection of extended-spectrum ß-lactamases and plasmid replicon profiling. Resistances to ampicillin, streptomycin and tetracycline were the most frequent detected and followed by resistance to neomycin, cotrimoxazol, chloramphenicol, florfenicol and enrofloxacin. Two ceftiofur resistant strains were positive for CTX-M 1 with plasmid of FIB incompatibility group. B/O and F1B plasmids were the most frequently carried replicons in VTEC. Majority of strains belonged to commensal phylogenetic group A. In conclusion, commensal Escherichia coli of calves are a reservoir of ESBL.
GENETIC DIVERSITY OF SLOVAK ORIGIN GEESE POPULATIONS
Authors: Mindek SlavomÃ­r , Hrnčár Cyril , Weis JÃ¡n , Trakovická Anna , Mindeková Silvia
Published: March 2018

The genetic diversity was assessed in 102 individual genotypes in two national goose breeds Suchovska and Slovak and one extinct production crossbreed Tesedik Goose. A total of 40 alleles were found across 6 detected microsatellite loci with a mean number of 6.67 alleles per locus. The mean observed heterozygosity in total population was 0.40. The degree of inbreeding of Suchovska, Slovak and Tesedik calculated as a mean FIS was 0.15, 0.11 and 0.07 respectively. The populations were low differentiated, with a mean FST value 0.075 in total population. The highest genetic distance was estimated between Slovak and Tesedik (0.087). The results of genetic diversity showed that Suchovska and Slovak Goose satisfies criteria for endangered breeds.
DETERMINATION OF MICRO AND TRACE ELEMENTS OF COMMERCIAL BEERS
Authors: Alexa LorÃ¡nd , Kántor Andrea , Kovács BÃ©la , Czipa Nikolett
Published: March 2018

In the present paper, a risk analysis of beer’s element content has been carried out. Al, As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mo, Mn, Ni, Se, Sr, Pb and Zn were determined by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) in 24 beer samples produced by different breweries. Samples could be originated from Hungary, Belgium, the Czech Republic, Germany and Austria, and the set consisted of 4 types of beer: pale barley, dark barley, pale wheat and dark wheat samples. It appeared that Mn was the most abundant among the analysed elements, followed by Sr, and Al, and Co, Se and Cr could be found in the lowest concentrations, except for those which were present in a concentration lower than LoD.
The statistical analysis showed that barley and wheat beers could be differentiated according to their Mn and Cu content, but to separate all of the groups analysed further investigations and more samples are needed.
A risk assessment for Al, Cu and Zn has also been performed for the analysed samples. The results showed that none of these elements could have any adverse effect on our health. The assessment of other toxic elements was not needed, because their concentrations were under LoD, or their PTDI values have been withdrawn by WHO JECFA.
Suicide After Deliberate Self-Harm in Adolescents and Young Adults
Authors: Olfson Mark , Wall Melanie , Wang Shuai , Crystal Stephen , Bridge Jeffrey A. , Liu Shang-Min , Blanco Carlos
Published: March 2018

OBJECTIVES:

Among adolescents and young adults with nonfatal self-harm, our objective is to identify risk factors for repeated nonfatal self-harm and suicide death over the following year.

METHODS:

A national cohort of patients in the Medicaid program, aged 12 to 24 years (n = 32 395), was followed for up to 1 year after self-harm. Cause of death information was obtained from the National Death Index. Repeat self-harm per 1000 person-years and suicide deaths per 100 000 person-years were determined. Hazard ratios (HRs) of repeat self-harm and suicide were estimated by Cox proportional hazard models. Suicide standardized mortality rate ratios were derived by comparison with demographically matched general population controls.

RESULTS:

The 12-month suicide standardized mortality rate ratio after self-harm was significantly higher for adolescents (46.0, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 29.9–67.9) than young adults (19.2, 95% CI: 12.7–28.0). Hazards of suicide after self-harm were significantly higher for American Indians and Alaskan natives than non-Hispanic white patients (HR: 4.69, 95% CI: 2.41–9.13) and for self-harm patients who initially used violent methods (HR: 18.04, 95% CI: 9.92–32.80), especially firearms (HR: 35.73, 95% CI: 15.42–82.79), compared with nonviolent self-harm methods (1.00, reference). The hazards of repeat self-harm were higher for female subjects than male subjects (HR: 1.25, 95% CI: 1.18–1.33); patients with personality disorders (HR: 1.55, 95% CI: 1.42–1.69); and patients whose initial self-harm was treated in an inpatient setting (HR: 1.65, 95% CI: 1.49–1.83) compared with an emergency department (HR: 0.62, 95% CI: 0.55–0.69) or outpatient (1.00, reference) setting.

CONCLUSIONS:

After nonfatal self-harm, adolescents and young adults were at markedly elevated risk of suicide. Among these high-risk patients, those who used violent self-harm methods, particularly firearms, were at especially high risk underscoring the importance of follow-up care to help ensure their safety.
HUMANISME DALAM PENDIDIKAN ISLAM: KONSEPSI PENDIDIKAN RAMAH ANAK
Authors: Azis Abd.
Published: March 2018

Bahasa Indonesia:

Tulisan ini mendeskripsikan humanisme dalam pendidikan Islam melalui model pembelajaran ramah anak. Melalui kajian literatur diperoleh hasil bahwa konsep pembelajaran ramah anak menjadi penting seiring masih maraknya kekerasan terhadap anak baik di dalam ataupun di luar institusi pendidikan. Dalam model pendidikan ini, pendidikan Islam menjadi katalis untuk mewujudkan humanisasi dalam pendidikan. Konsep ramah anak berupaya menciptakan pembelajaran yang menyenangkan dan membuat siswa merasa betah dan nyaman di sekolah. Hal tersebut dapat dilihat dari sikap guru yang ramah terhadap siswa, proses pembelajaran efektif, pengelolaan kelas efektif dan lingkungan belajar kondusif, serta motivasi belajar siswa. Dalam hal internalisasi nilai-nilai keislaman, guru menanamkan sikap sabar dan mampu menjadi teladan bagi siswa, menggunakan metode yang bervariatif, menerapkan pengelolaan kelas yang menyenangkan dan didukung lingkungan belajar yang kondusif.

 

English:

This paper describes humanism in Islamic education through child-friendly education model. Literary study results in the importance of such education model along with the increase of violence towards children either in educational institutions or in outside the area. In the child-friendly education, Islamic education is a catalyst to achieve humanism in education.  The education model focuses on creating fun interaction and makes students feeling at home and safe at school. This can be seen from friendly teachers’ attitudes, effective learning processes, effective classroom management, conducive learning environment, and students’ motivation. In terms of Islamic values internalization, teacher cultivates patient attitudes and becomes model for students, implementing variety of learing methods, implementing positive classroom management within conducive learning environment.
Implementasi Metode STIFIn dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Menghafal Al-Qur’an di Rumah Qur’an STIFIn Paiton Probolinggo
Authors: Mundiri Akmal , Zahra Irma
Published: March 2018

Bahasa Indonesia:

Al-Qur’an sebagai salah satu pedoman yang mewartakan prinsip dan doktrin ajaran Islam mempunyai apa yang disebut dengan kepastian teks (qat’i al-wurud). Dalam proses menjaga kepastian teks tersebut, terdapat peran serta manusia yang salah satu caranya dengan menghafalkan al-Qur’an.  Namun, menghafal al-Qur’an tidak semudah yang dibayangkan sebagaimana menghafal suatu lagu atau syair. Problem yang dihadapi oleh seseorang yang sedang menghafal al-Qur’an memang banyak dan bermacam-macam. Mulai dari faktor minat, bakat, lingkungan, waktu, sampai pada metode menghafal itu sendiri. Metode STIFIn sebagai salah satu metode menghafal al-Qur’an dalam implementasinya menawarkan solusi menghafal cepat yang dilakukan mulai sebelum proses menghafal. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dalam implementasinya, dengan cara memetakan penghafal berbasis pada teori hereditas, sehingga berimplikasi pada rekayasa pembelajaran yang berbeda antar masing-masing potensi. Demikian pula dengan tes kemampuan hafalan guna mengetahui kekuatan dan kemampuan masing-masing dalam menghafal al-Qur’an. Hal tersebut kemudian diikuti dengan klasifikasi penghafal al-Qur’an berdasarkan teori sirkulasi STIFIn ketika melaksanakan kegiatan setoran kepada pembina, sehingga dalam pelaksanaan metode STIFIn sangat membantu santri untuk bisa menghafal al-Qur’an dengan lebih mudah dan nyaman, karena menyesuaikan metode dengan potensi genetik masing-masing.

 

English:

Al-Qur'an as one of the guidelines that proclaim the principles and doctrines of Islamic teachings has what is called the certainty of the text (qat'i al-wurud). In the process of maintaining the certainty of the text, there is the human role that as memorizer of the holy Qur’an. However, memorizing the Qur'an is not easy as imagined as memorizing a song or poem. The problem faced by someone who is memorizing the Qur'an is many and varied. Starting from the interest factor, talent, environment, time, until the method of memorizing itself. The STIFIn method as one of the methods of memorizing the Qur'an in its implementation offers a solution to memorize quickly that began before the memorization process. The results of this study indicate that in its implementation, by mapping the memorizers based on the theory of heredity, so that it implies different learning engineering between each potential. Similarly, the tests of the ability of memorizing to know the strength and ability each person in memorizing the Holy Qur'an. It is then followed by the classification of the who memorized the Qur'an based on the STIFIn circulation theory when carrying out the deposit activities to each coach, so in the implementation of STIFIn method is very helpful for santri to be able to memorize the Qur'an more easily and comfortably, because have adjusted the method with their respective genetic potential.
Numerical analysis of field geosynthetic-reinforced retaining walls with secondary reinforcement
Authors: Jiang Y. , Han J. , Zornberg J. , Parsons R. L. , Leshchinsky D. , Tanyu B.
Published: March 2018

Geosynthetic-reinforced retaining (GRR) walls typically have vertical reinforcement spacing of 0·6 m, and this relatively large spacing has been known to cause comparatively high connection forces. To reduce this connection force, short geosynthetic reinforcement layers (referred to as secondary reinforcement layers) are installed between blocks where there are no primary reinforcement layers. This paper presents two-dimensional numerical simulations that were developed to analyse an instrumented GRR wall with secondary reinforcement layers in the field. A finite differential software was employed to develop the numerical model. In addition to the Mohr–Coulomb model, the cap yield model based on the theory of hardening plasticity was used to represent the behaviour of backfill. Inclinometer casings, earth pressure cells and strain gauges were installed in the instrumented GRR walls to measure the facing deflections, lateral earth pressures, vertical earth pressures and geogrid strains. The measured results and numerical predictions were compared and discussed, and reasonable agreement between these results was found. Compared to the measured results, the numerical predictions slightly underestimated the maximum wall facing deflections and vertical earth pressures, and slightly overestimated lateral earth pressures and strains in primary and secondary reinforcement layers. For comparison, a numerical model without secondary reinforcement was developed as well. This comparison revealed that the GRR wall with secondary reinforcement resulted in smaller facing deflections and maximum strains in primary reinforcement layers. Overall, the numerical analysis indicated that secondary reinforcement could provide clear benefits in improving the performance of GRR walls.
Review of climatic input data for wind load design in accordance with SANS 10160-3
Authors: Goliger A , Retief J , Kruger A
Published: March 2018

With the publication of Part 3 Wind Actions of the South African Loading Code SANS 10160:2010, several issues concerning adjustments from the reference standard Eurocode EN 1991-1-4:2004 could not be resolved due to lack of sufficient updated background information on South African conditions. The need for updating the map for the free field wind speed is related also to the improved representation of the mixed and complex strong wind climate of the country. Furthermore, strong wind probability models are used for the reliability assessment and calibration of wind design procedures. Updating of the reliability provisions for the revised wind loading process was a further need identified at the time. This paper provides a review of the historical development of the representation of the free field wind, used as input to design wind loading procedures for South Africa. The review considers: (i) the historical representations of the geographic distribution of free field wind, (ii) the climatic influences considered, and (iii) the probabilistic bases for the stipulated wind speed for the reliability provisions for design wind loads. On this basis, the background and motivation are provided for updating SANS 10160-3:2010.
The effect of embedment on a foundation subjected to vertical vibration - a field study
Authors: Mbawala S , Heymann G , Roth C , Heyns P
Published: March 2018

Design of machine foundations requires the prediction of the dynamic response of the foundation system at the frequencies of interest. The response is typically quantified in terms of a number of parameters that include the displacement, the dynamic stiffness, the resonant frequency, the amplitude at the resonant frequency and the natural frequency. The objective of this study was to investigate the vertical dynamic response of an embedded foundation experimentally. It was found that embedment increases the stiffness, damping and natural frequency of a foundation system, reduces the displacement and resonant amplitude, but that embedment has very little effect on the resonant frequency.
Traffic characteristics and bridge loading in South Africa
Authors: Lenner R , de Wet D , Viljoen C
Published: March 2018

The loading model of the Technical Manual for Highways (TMH-7) published for bridge design in South Africa is in need of revision and simplification. The frequency of heavy vehicle loads has increased and the current application of the loading model is unnecessarily cumbersome. This paper aims to compare the heavy vehicle traffic loading of South Africa and Europe. A comparison of global internal bridge forces under the NA loading of TMH-7 and LM1 loading of Eurocode provides an indication of how current South African provision relates to the ones adopted in Europe. Above all, the traffic characteristics in South Africa are investigated in comparison to data used in development of LM1. LM1 loading generally results in higher internal forces when compared to TMH-7 loading. A direct adoption would thus imply more expensive bridges across South Africa without substantiation, considering the satisfactory past performance of existing structures. More importantly, the gross vehicle weights observed in South Africa are higher than those used for the development of LM1, indicating that the current TMH-7 distributed loading may be too low. Axle loads and their variability in South Africa are somewhat less than in Europe, so local design effects are less of a concern. It is apparent that further urgent work is required to establish a load model that reflects the current heavy vehicle traffic and predicts appropriate characteristic vertical loads.
Cultivo in vitro de hongos tipo sombrero v1
Authors: Ignacio Fuentes Palacios Aníbal , srdz Rodriguez Sebastian , Matute Tamara , Núñez Isaac , Nuñez Daniel , Torres Daniela
Published: March 2018

Este protocolo describe los pasos para propagar in vitro hongos tipo sombrero (Ver este protocolo para hongos tipo terraza).Este protocoloha sidodesarrollado bajo la guia de Phil Ross (Mycoworks;https://www.mycoworks.com).
Cultivo in vitro de hongos tipo terraza v1
Authors: Núñez Isaac , Torres Daniela , Castor Jens , Ignacio Fuentes Palacios Aníbal , Matute Tamara , srdz Rodriguez Sebastian , D.A.N Núñez Daniel
Published: March 2018

Este protocolo describe los pasos para propagarin vitrohongos tipoterraza(Ver este protocolo para hongos tiposombrero). Este protocolo ha sidodesarrollado bajo la guia de Phil Ross (Mycoworks; https://www.mycoworks.com).
During data acquisition v2
Authors: Snoek Lukas , Beemsterboer Tinka
Published: March 2018

Protocol to make sure the data acquisition process will yield data that can be processed by the centre's quality control and preprocessing pipelines.
P.835 subjective test results with and without parallel task v1
Authors: Avetisyan Hakob , Holub Jan
Published: March 2018

Description file for PLOS PONE-D-17-43572 - EMID:f954815f1ce44492 All speech samples are in samples.zip directory, all are 48kSa/s, 16 bit mono, to be played at -26dBoV corresponds to diotic 73dB SPL. Available at https://www.dropbox.com/s/xme4tu1u9rhwvmx/samples.zip?dl=0 Comparison_LOAD_complete.xls file SHEET COMPARISONS contains the subjective data of both tests - test with no load : Test A, test with parallel task: Test B.Each line corresponds to one condition. Conditions are defined by CODER, PLS (Packer Loss Suppression), Distractor (Type of Background Noise), SNR (Signal-to-Noise ratio in dB, Acctive speech level measured via ITU-T P.56) as indicated in columns W,X,Y and Z. For each of 22 conditions and each test A and B, S-MOS, N-MOS and G-MOS data are reported including their CI95 (confidence interval at 95% probability level). Comparison_LOAD_complete.xls file SHEET DATA_SUMMARY_LOAD and SHEET DATA_SUMMARY_NO_LOAD contain the detailed data results for all samples. Columns C,D,E,F,G and H describe per-sample analysis results, while I,J,K,L,M,N refer to per-condition analysis. Each condition is represented by four sentences, while each reference condition (lines 41...52) are represented by one sentence only.
Different Types of Data and the Validity of Democracy Measures
Authors: Skaaning Svend-Erik
Published: March 2018

Different measures of democracy rely on different types of data. Some exclusively rely on observational data, others rely on judgement-based data in the form of in-house coded indicators or expert surveys. A third set of democracy measures combines information from indicators based on different types of data, some of them also data from representative surveys of the mass public. This article discusses the advantages and disadvantages of these different types of data for the measurement of electoral and liberal democracy. The discussion is based on the premise that the main priorities must be to establish a high degree of concept-measure consistency, i.e. indicators capture relevant aspects of the core concept of interest in a precise and unbiased manner, and to provide high coverage. The basic argument of the article is that no type of data is superior to others in all respects. The article draws on examples from extant datasets to illustrate the tradeoffs and it offers suggestions about how to reduce some of the potential drawbacks.
Regimes of the World (RoW): Opening New Avenues for the Comparative Study of Political Regimes
Authors: Lührmann Anna , Tannenberg Marcus , Lindberg Staffan I.
Published: March 2018

Classifying political regimes has never been more difficult. Most contemporary regimes hold de-jure multiparty elections with universal suffrage. In some countries, elections ensure that political rulers are—at least somewhat—accountable to the electorate whereas in others they are a mere window dressing exercise for authoritarian politics. Hence, regime types need to be distinguished based on the de-facto implementation of democratic institutions and processes. Using V-Dem data, we propose with Regimes of the World (RoW) such an operationalization of four important regime types—closed and electoral autocracies; electoral and liberal democracies—with vast coverage (almost all countries from 1900 to 2016). We also contribute a solution to a fundamental weakness of extant typologies: The unknown extent of misclassification due to uncertainty from measurement error. V-Dem’s measures of uncertainty (Bayesian highest posterior densities) allow us to be the first to provide a regime typology that distinguishes cases classified with a high degree of certainty from those with “upper” and “lower” bounds in each category. Finally, a comparison of disagreements with extant datasets (7%–12% of the country-years), demonstrates that the RoW classification is more conservative, classifying regimes with electoral manipulation and infringements of the political freedoms more frequently as electoral autocracies, suggesting that it better captures the opaqueness of contemporary autocracies.
Don’t Good Democracies Need “Good” Citizens? Citizen Dispositions and the Study of Democratic Quality
Authors: Mayne Quinton , Geißel Brigitte
Published: March 2018

This article advances the argument that quality of democracy depends not only on the performance of democratic institutions but also on the dispositions of citizens. We make three contributions to the study of democratic quality. First, we develop a fine-grained, structured conceptualization of the three core dispositions (democratic commitments, political capacities, and political participation) that make up the citizen component of democratic quality. Second, we provide a more precise account of the notion of inter-component congruence or “fit” between the institutional and citizen components of democratic quality, distinguishing between static and dynamic forms of congruence. Third, drawing on cross-national data, we show the importance of taking levels of inter-dispositional consistency into account when measuring democratic quality.
Method Factors in Democracy Indicators
Authors: Elff Martin , Ziaja Sebastian
Published: March 2018

Method factors represent variance common to indicators from the same data source. Detecting method factors can help uncover systematic bias in data sources. This article employs confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to detect method factors in 23 democracy indicators from four popular data sources: The Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU), Freedom House, Polity IV, and the Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem) project. Using three different multi-dimensional concepts of democracy as starting points, we find strong evidence for method factors in all sources. Method-specific factors are strongest when yearly changes in the scores are assessed. The sources find it easier to agree on long-term average scores. We discuss the implications for applied researchers.
A határon átívelő programok hatásai a Vajdaság területi fejlődésére
Authors: Ricz András
Published: March 2018

A Vajdaság – Szerbia korlátozott autonómiával rendelkező északi tartománya – számára az európai uniós határon átnyúló programok lehetőséget teremtettek a 2000-es évek elején, hogy fejlesztési forrásokhoz jusson, amelyeket a köz- és a civil szféra szereplői használhatnak fel. Munkám célja, hogy e források területfejlesztésre gyakorolt hatását vizsgáljam. Elemeztem a községek fejlettségének változása és a fejlesztések közötti összefüggéseket, az együttműködések hátterét és minőségét, jellegét a program hétéves periódusában. Összességében a Vajdaság területi fejlődésére az uniós források nem hatottak pozitívan, a területi fejlődés nem gyorsult fel, a területi egységek fejlettségi szintjei alig változtak a programok befejezésekor.
Felzárkózás és/vagy távolságtartó követés? A visegrádi országok térségeinek fejlődéséről
Authors: Lengyel Imre , Kotosz Balázs
Published: March 2018

Az Európai Unióhoz 2004-ben csatlakozott a négy visegrádi ország (V4), Csehország, Lengyelország, Magyarország és Szlovákia. Az itt élők nagy reményeket fűztek a csatlakozáshoz, a vérmesebb elvárások szerint pár éven belül életszínvonaluk felzárkózhat a fejlett nyugati tagállamokéhoz. A „felzárkózás”, „közeledés”, „utolérés”, egy bizonyos felfogásban „konvergencia” sokrétű és sokféle értelmezésben használt fogalmak, vágyott célként egy-másfél évszázada fogalmazódnak meg a kevésbé fejlett országokban, térségekben. Az Európai Unió regionális politikájának is egyik fő célja a kevésbé fejlett régiók fejlődésének felgyorsítása és felzárkóztatásuk a tagállamok átlagához.

Tanulmányunkban azt vizsgáljuk, hogy e négy, közepesen fejlett, hasonló történelmi múlttal és társadalmi-gazdasági szerkezettel rendelkező posztszocialista ország térségeinek mennyire volt sikeres a felzárkózása az Európai Unió korábbi tagállamainak átlagához 2000 és 2014 között. A felzárkózás főbb jellemzőinek vizsgálatához a NUTS3-as területi szintet vesszük alapul. Alapvető kérdésünk, hogy megfigyelhető-e felzárkózás, ha igen, akkor e területi szinten hasonló vagy nagyon eltérő mértékű volt? Az egy lakosra jutó, vásárlóerő-paritáson számolt bruttó hazai termék (GDP) alakulását elemezzük, a felzárkózás mértékében megfigyelhető egyenlőtlenségeket pedig az entrópián alapuló Theil-indexek segítségével vizsgáljuk. A megyék felzárkózását befolyásoló tényezők közül kettőt elemzünk részletesen: az országos folyamatok hatását, illetve a megye legnagyobb városának – mint potenciális agglomerációs előnnyel rendelkező településnek – lehetséges szerepét.
E2: The Flat-Cone Diffractometer at BER II
Authors: Hoffmann Jens-Uwe , Reehuis Manfred
Published: March 2018

The flat-cone diffractometer E2 at the research reactor BER II is a thermal neutron single-crystal diffractometer for 3D reciprocal space mapping by using four delay-line area detectors (300 × 300 mm2). Alternatively it is suitable for powder measurements with medium resolution and broad 2-theta scattering range.
The influence of the using “near-miss” on some obstetric bleeging indicators
Authors: Davlyatova Guldzhahon K. , Kamilova Marhabo Ya , Rakhmatulloeva Dilnoza M.
Published: March 2018

The article reviews the use of maternal near-miss in maternity hospitals of Tajikistan and its effect on selected indicatior of maternal bleedings. The implementation of standards and the use of near miss case review in 20 maternity hospitals was shown to decrease the rate of maternal bleedings, especially hypotonic bleedings, the rate of critical hypotonic bleedings, the rate of hysterectomy, and the ratio between deaths due to maternal bleeding in these maternity hospitals and overall maternal bleeding mortality. Our results confirm, that the use of “near-miss” strategy improves the quality of maternal medical care and allows to decrease overall maternal mortality.
The influence of clinical and laboratory characteristics on psycho-emotional status in patients with endometriosis and infertility
Authors: Ishan-Khodzhaeva Farangis R.
Published: March 2018

Background. The investigations of clinical, laboratory, psycho-emotional characteristics in patients with endometriosis and infertility are very actuality, because it’s results help to improve the prepare woman for infertility overcome.

Purpose — study the influence of clinical, laboratorycharacteristics of endometriosis on psycho-emotional status in patients with infertility.

Materials and methods. The psycho-emotional status estimated with using Spilberger-Chanin and Bek tests (71 patients). The levels of gonadotropic and steroid hormones in serum determined with method of immune-ferment analysis.

Results. The reactive anxiety was show in 67,4%, personal anxiety — in 11,6%, light depression — in 39,5% woman. There were estimate factors, which influence on psycho-emotional status in patients with endometriosis and infertility: duration of infertility and not effective from previously treatment, algomenorea, dispaneuria, low level of AMH and hormonal disorders, which connect with clinical symptoms of endometriosis.

Conclusion. The estimation psycho-emotional status and psychological support will conduce to optimization of infertility overcoming women with endometriosis and infertility.
Features of women’s vaginal delivery with uterine scar at present stage
Authors: Mudrov Viktor A. , Mochalova Marina N. , Mudrov Andrey A.
Published: March 2018

Introduction. Presently, the delivery of pregnant women with scar on the uterus vaginally is a strategically important task, which provides a reduction in the frequency of caesarean section and related complications. An important role in the structure of contra-indications for the vaginal delivery is devoted to determining the viability of the uterine scar.

The aim of the study was to investigate the characteristics of delivery of pregnant women with uterine scar vaginally at the present stage of scientific development.

Materials: literary data of foreign and domestic authors in the period from 1979 to 2017.

Methods: a systematic review and synthesis of the literature data.

Conclusion. It is necessary to determine the optimal algorithm for delivery of pregnant women with a uterine scar, which allows to optimize tactics of conducting such patients.