bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BODY SHAMING AND STRESS LEVELS OF THE NINTH-GRADE STUDENTS AT SMPN 4 BOJONEGORO
Authors: Saifudin Moh. , Sholikah Siti , Apreliani Eska Wulan
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Adolescence is marked by changes in growth and development that occur very rapidly. Adolescents will experience stages towards social and economic independence, identity building, acquisition of skills for adult life, and the ability to negotiate. Body shaming, weight shaming, or harassment based on appearance can be described as mocking or humiliating someone based on their physical appearance. The study aimed to determine the relationship between body shaming behaviour and the stress levels of the ninth graders at SMP N 4 Bojonegoro. Methods: The design of this research was a cross-sectional analysis. The population was 80 ninth graders obtained by using a purposive sampling technique. The students were experiencing body shaming. The research data were taken using the Body-Shaming questionnaire to measure body shaming behaviour and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS) 42 questionnaire to measure stress levels. Results: The results showed that 9 out of 11 students (81.8%) who experienced severe body shaming behaviour had extreme stress levels, 37 out of 38 students (97.4%) students who participated in proper body shaming behaviour had moderate stress levels, 18 out of 31 students (58.1%) who experienced mild body shaming behaviour had mild stress levels. Based on the results of the data above, a statistical test was obtained with a significance value of p sign = 0.01 (p <0.05). Conclusions: It can be concluded that there is a relationship between body shaming behaviour and the stress levels of the ninth graders at SMP N 4 Bojonegoro.
FACTORS RELATED TO TWO-WHEELED SAFETY RIDING BEHAVIOR AT PRODUCTION PLANNING WORKERS AT PT. YUASA BATTERY INDONESIA IN 2021
Authors: Irawan Siti Rachmawati Khoirunnadhira , Putri Eka Cempaka , Situngkir Decy , Yusvita Fierdania , Rusdy Mirta Dwi Rahmah
Published: November 2022

Background: The high number of uses of this means of transportation has hidden dangers for its use. Based on data from the Police Traffic Corps, it was discovered that the number of accidents involving motorcycles in 2020 reached 107.500 cases. Purpose: To determine the factors related to the safety behavior of two-wheeled driving (safety riding) on workers in the production planning division at PT. Yuasa Battery Indonesia in 2021. Method: It is a quantitative study with a cross-sectional study design. The population of this study were 76 workers in the production planning division at PT. Yuasa Battery Indonesia. The sample used in this study amounted to 50 workers derived by random sampling technique. Data collection used primary and secondary data obtained from questionnaires and companies regarding the number and causes of traffic accidents that occurred to workers as well as records related to the implementation of safety riding training. Result: 28 workers (56%) in the production planning section behaved unsafety riding. The results of the chi-square test showed that there was a relationship between age (p-value=0.002), knowledge (p-value=0.000), attitude (p-value=0.000), driving skills (p-value=0.000) and safety driving behavior (safety riding), and there is no relationship between education (p-value=1.000) with safety riding. Conclusion: There was a relationship among the variables of age, safety riding knowledge, driving attitude, and driving skills, meanwhile there was no relationship between education variable and two-wheel driving safety behavior.
EVALUATION OF REFILLABLE DRINKING WATER QUALITY BASED ON MPN COLIFORM AND ESCHERICHIA COLI INSESETAN VILLAGE, SOUTH DENPASAR, BALI
Authors: Wyasena Pande Nyoman Tri Saguna , Sudaryati Ni Luh Gede , Sudiartawan I Putu , Adnyana I Made Dwi Mertha
Published: November 2022

Background: Refilled drinking water given by depots that currently have a permit for operation can be used to meet the community's drinking water demands. However, the quality of refilled drinking water has been tainted with pathogens that can cause health problems. Purpose: To assess the quality of replenished drinking water in Sesetan Village using Most Probable Number (MPN) Coliform and Escherichia coli as indicators. Method: A qualitative approach to descriptive observational research. The Ministry of Health standard 492/Menkes/PER/IV/2010 is used to assess drinking water quality. In this investigation, ten samples were used. Sampling was conducted in Sesetan Village, South Denpasar, Bali. Result: MPN Coliform was found in four samples: 96 MPN/100 mL (X1), 38 MPN/100 mL (X7), 15 MPN/100 mL (X8), and 5 MPN/100 mL (X10). Meanwhile, all of the samples tested negative for Escherichia coli. Conclusion: Based on drinking water quality criteria, 4 (40%) refilled drinking water depots (DAMIU) did not meet quality requirements (Ministry of Health Regulation number 492/Menkes/PER/2010).
Fintech lending fraud prevention strategy: A case study
Authors: Una Bachrudin K , Prabowo Hendi Yogi
Published: November 2022

This study aims to determine the strategy of the Financial Services Authority (OJK) to prevent people from being trapped in fintech lending fraud. This qualitative research used case study method by employing semi-structured in-depth interview as the technique to collect data from five respondents. The research data were processed with the help of Computer Assisted Qualitative Data Analysis Software (CAQDAS), namely the NVivo 11 software application. The results show that there are three main strategies used by OJK Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia to prevent the public from being scammed by fintech lending: First, massive implementation of financial literacy education in a comprehensive manner to improve public financial literacy; second, use of the Consumer Protection Portal Application (APPK) as a digital complaint service for the public and consumers to report the Financial Services Business Actors (PUJK) who are suspected of committing fintech lending fraud; third, maximizing the role of Regional Investment Alert Task Force (SWID) in publishing a list of legal and illegal financial services, including fintech lending.
Use of a Polypill to Reduce Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Primary and Secondary Prevention: Review and Use Guidelines
Authors: Esquirol Caussa Jordi , Herrero Vila Elisabeth , Sánchez Aldeguer Josep
Published: November 2022

Primary and secondary cardiovascular prevention is less effective than expected due to the concern about polymedication by professionals and the lack of patient adherence to medications prescribed in the medium and long term. Polypills have been presented as a possible solution. A comprehensive bibliographic review is presented about polypills as mechanisms for facilitating adherence and a proposed guide for the use of polypills for the prevention of cardiovascular risk. 41 articles were included, showing options for the polypill as a method of primary and secondary cardiovascular prevention.The polypill increases therapeutic adherence in the medium and long term, also increasing the therapeutic results compared to the administration of the various drugs separately. Based on the evidence, a flow diagram is proposed for the prescription of a polypill.Polypills increase the effectiveness and adherence of patients to primary and secondary cardiovascular prevention programs, without increasing the cost of the intervention. The use of a polypill in cardiovascular prevention can be effective as a prescription tool.
Anesthesia Management in Pregnancy with Heart Disorder using Walking Epidural Analgesia (WELA)
Authors: Yudhatama Yoram
Published: November 2022

Background: Heart disease in pregnancy is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in pregnancy and childbirth. The intrapartum and postpartum periods are critical periods in which most of the deaths occur in this period. Manifestations appear in the form of heart failure which increases maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality.

Case Illustration: We will report a case report of a 23-year-old woman with a diagnosis of G2P0A1 H 40 weeks, a single live intrauterine fetus with congestive heart failure due to rheumatic heart disease with mitral stenosis.

Conclusion: The patient successfully underwent spontaneous labor under anesthesia facilitated by the walking epidural analgesia (WELA) technique with levobupivacaine and fentanyl agents which were administered continuously using a syringe pump during the labor process.
Comparative Analysis of Expression of the Main Virulence Genes in Various Vibrio cholerae О1 Strains
Authors: Cheldyshova N. B. , Devdariani Z. L.
Published: November 2022

The aim of the work was a comparative study of the expression of the main virulence genes in Vibrio cholerae strains of the classical biovar, typical and genetically modified strains of V. cholerae, El Tor biovar.

Materials and methods. Natural toxigenic strains of V. cholerae O1, classical biovar (J89, Pakistan, 1969), typical (M-887, Astrakhan, 1970) and genetically modified (301, Taganrog, 2011) strains of the El Tor biovar were used as model ones. The strains were grown under optimum conditions for the production of cholera toxin and toxin-coregulated pili. The assessment of strain growth was carried out in LB broth at room temperature with determination of the cells number on a Biowave DNA spectrophotometer (Biochrome Ltd., UK). Determination of gene expression was performed using real-time PCR with reverse transcription.

Results and discussion. The expression of structural (ctxA, tcpA) and regulatory (toxR, toxT, tcpP, tcpH) virulence genes has been investigated in V. cholerae strains of the classical biovar, typical and genetically modified strains of the El Tor biovar. Significant differences have been revealed in terms of time and level of maximum expression of these genes in strains of classical and El Tor biovars. It was found that ctxA and toxR genes expression in the genovariant strain reached its maximum 1–3 h earlier than in the other strains. At the same time, the level of ctxA gene expression corresponded to the level of the classical strain. The maximum expression of the toxR gene in the genovariant strain was higher than in typical El Tor and classical strains, and also had a clear inverse correlation with ctxA gene expression. Expression of the tcpA, toxT, and tcpH genes in the classical biovar strain reached its maximum 1–2 h earlier than in the El Tor biovar strains. These differences should be taken into account when conducting research work related to the study of the expression of the main virulence genes.
Caspian Sandy Natural Focus: Phylogenetic History and Origin of Yersinia pestis Strains
Authors: Goryunova P. A. , Eroshenko G. A. , Kukleva L. M. , Naryshkina E. A. , Sosedova E. A. , Chervyakova N. S. , Kutyrev V. V.
Published: November 2022

The purpose of the work was to analyze the phylogenetic relations and origin of Yersinia pestis strains isolated in different periods of epizootic activity of the Caspian sandy natural focus (CSNF) of plague in the XX–XXI centuries.

Materials and methods. We used 40 Y. pestis strains from CSNF and adjacent plague foci, isolated in 1922–2015. Carried out was whole genome sequencing of 19 Y. pestis strains from CSNF. Phylogenetic analysis was performed using whole genome SNP analysis based on 1914 identified SNPs. The search for marker SNPs was conducted using the Snippy 4.6 software. The phylogenetic tree was constructed using the Maximum Likelihood algorithm, the GTR nucleotide substitution model.

Results and discussion. The whole genome SNP analysis has revealed that Y. pestis strains of the medieval biovar from CSNF belong to 2.MED1 phylogenetic lineage and fall into two major branches. One of them circulated in the focus in the first half of the XX century, and the other – in the second half of the XX – early XXI centuries. It is shown that strains of the first branch were the cause of outbreaks and individual cases of plague in the CSNF in the first half of the XX century. They are closely related to strains from the Caspian North-Western steppe and Volga-Ural sandy natural plague foci, which caused numerous outbreaks with high mortality rate in the same period. Y. pestis strains from the CSNF of the second half of the XX and early XXI centuries belong to the second phylogenetic branch of the 2.MED1 line, at the node of which the strains from the Northern Aral Sea region of 1945 lay. The latter were the predecessors of all strains isolated in the CSNF after a long inter-epizootic period that occurred in the middle of the XX century. There can also be traced a genetic relation between the strains from CSNF and the Dagestan plain-foothill focus.
Effectivity of the Consortium of Rhizobacteria and Endophytic Bacteria to Controls the White Tip Disease of Rice Caused by Seed-Borne Nematode Aphelenchoides besseyi
Authors: Pradana Ankardiansyah Pandu , Hoesain Mohammad , Asyiah Iis Nur , Masnilah Rachmi , Izatika Zidna Nurul , Adiwena Muh , Budiman Aris
Published: November 2022

Aphelenchoides besseyi is a seed-borne nematode that causes white-tip disease in rice. Yield losses due to this nematode infection reach 30-50% in various countries. This research aimed to investigate the effectiveness of a consortium of rhizobacteria and endophytic bacteria in controlling the white tip disease while promoting the growth of rice seeds infected by A. besseyi. The experiments conducted were a bacterial compatibility test, in vitro test to examine the nematicidal activity of bacterial consortium, and an in vivo test to investigate the effectiveness of bacterial consortium to suppress disease occurrence and promote the growth of rice. The research was conducted at the Plant Protection Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jember from July 2020 to December 2020. The experiments used a randomized block design with five concentration levels of bacterial suspension of 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100%. The results showed that the endophytic bacterial consortium effectively controlled the growth of A. besseyi up to 80% compared to control. Furthermore, the percentage of white tip symptoms in the control plant reached 83%. In comparison, it was observed lower in a range from 74.5% to 25% in plants treated with a suspension of endophytic bacterial consortium. The control plant’s symptom length reached 3.94 cm, while the average symptom length in the treated plant ranged from 3.41 cm to 1.50 cm. The application of endophytic bacteria was also found to accelerate plant growth by increasing plant height and root length of the rice plant. The effectiveness of a consortium of rhizobacteria and endophytic bacteria to control white tip disease while increasing plant growth of rice in Indonesia is first reported in this manuscript.
In-Situ Imaging of CO2 Trapping and Oil Recovery in Three-Phase Systems: Dependence on Pore Geometry and Wettability
Authors: Li Yingwen , Yang Yongfei , Dong Mingzhe , Yao Jun , Zhang Kai , Sun Hai , Zhang Lei
Published: November 2022

Carbon dioxide (CO2) injection into reservoirs can be combined with enhanced oil recovery. Pore geometry and wettability are critical factors in CO2 trapping and oil recovery. However, their relationship has not been tackled and the influence of wettability is always controversial. To elucidate this intrinsic link, we prepared simple models using glass beads and angular grains, changed wettability by aging, and imaged the three-phase displacement process at high resolution. The results showed that the oil flow occurred through the ways of direct drainage and double imbibition, which is caused by the trapped CO2 under immiscible conditions. More residual CO2 was trapped in the angular grain sample and the water-wet sample, and more residual oil was trapped in the angular grain sample and the oil-wet sample. Under water-wet conditions, CO2 was easier to be trapped as the state of gas-in-oil-in-water or gas-in-water. While under oil-wet conditions, more CO2 was directly surrounded by oil and more small-size residual oil dispersed near the throats. The statistics of the residual clusters showed that the capillary-trapping capacity Ctrap of the angular grain sample was high (12.97% > 8.69%), but the oil recovery R2 was low (89.89% < 93.85%). The altered wettability (water-wet to oil-wet) increased the number of isolated CO2 clusters and the proportion of oil and CO2 in the smaller pores while decreasing the Ctrap (8.93% < 10.34%) and R2 (84.48% < 91.04%). The dissolution trapping and capillary trapping were maximized in the angular grain sample due to the increased surface-to-volume ratio of CO2 clusters and higher capillary force. The effect of wettability on dissolution trapping was slight, but the residual CO2 saturation was higher under water-wet conditions, thus the water-wet media were more conducive to CO2 trapping. We suggested that reservoirs with strong heterogeneity should be selected as CO2 storage sites, and the wettability of oil-wet rocks should be changed by using tertiary oil recovery technology to enhance CO2 storage efficiency and oil recovery. Our study provided direct evidence of the influence of pore geometry and wettability on residual CO2 and oil distribution, and clarified that complex pore geometry and water-wet systems were more conducive to CO2 trapping under immiscible conditions.
Atomic-Scale Observation of Room and Low-Temperature Ultrasonic Properties of Tellurite Glasses
Authors: El-Mallawany Raouf , El-Moniem Amin Abd , Gafaar M S.
Published: November 2022

Theoretical analysis of room temperature bulk modulus and low-temperature ultrasonic attenuation coefficient in the glass system (1-x)TeO2-xV2O5, x = 20, 25, 30, 35, 40 mol % was achieved. The bond compression (BC) and Makishima-Mackenzie (MM) models were used to interpret room-temperature bulk modulus K. The main parameters used were: average cross-link density, number of network bonds per unit volume, and average atomic ring size (). Analyses of low-temperature (300 − 150 K) ultrasonic attenuation (α) at 2, 4, 5, and 6 MHz were achieved by calculating: potential energy, centers of energy loss, elongation, and contraction of the two-well potential. Also, the deformation potential is found to be sensitive to the variations of the modifier content. The analysis revealed a sensitive effect of variation of modifier contents for elongation or contraction of the dual-well potential. The number of centers of energy loss is related to the elastic moduli as a function of the modifier content. Correlation between room temperature bulk modulus and ultrasonic attenuation coefficient has been achieved.
Arteannuin-B and (3-chlorophenyl)-2-spiroisoxazoline derivative exhibit anti-inflammatory effect in LPS-activated RAW 264.7 macrophages and Balb/c mice induced pro-inflammatory responses via down-regulation of NF-κB/P38 MAPK Signalling.
Authors: Sawhney Gifty , Ahmed Zabeer
Published: November 2022

Host inflammatory responses are key to protection against injury; however, persistent inflammation is detrimental and contributes to morbidity and mortality. Herein, we demonstrate the anti-inflammatory role of Arteannuin-B(1) and its novel spirocyclic-2-isoxazoline derivative JR-9 and their side effects in acute inflammatory condition in-vivousing carrageenan-induced paw edema, acetic acid-induced writhing and tail immersion. The results show that spirocyclic-2-isoxazoline derivative has potent anti-inflammatory effect as compared to Arteannuin-B with minimal cell toxicity. In addition, the efficacies of these compounds were also validated by computational and histopathological analysis. Our results show that anti-inflammatory response of JR-9significantly reduce the ability of mouse macrophages to produce NO, TNF-α, and IL-6 following LPS-stimulation.
Short-Term Effects of Square Stepping Exercise on Cognitive and Social Functions in Sedentary Older Adults: A Home-Based Online Trial
Authors: Kawabata Masato , Gan Su Ren , Low Kimmy , Okura Tomohiro
Published: November 2022

Background
The Square Stepping Exercise (SSE) is an exercise training program integrating physical exercise and cognitive components. The potential of SSE in deferring cognitive decline in older adults is encouraging. However, the coronavirus pandemic has made it harder for older adults worldwide to exercise together in person. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the short-term effects of a home-based online SSE trial on cognitive and social functions in sedentary older adults.
Methods
A sample of 24 older adults (2 men, 22 women) took part in the current study. Seven participants (2 men, 5 women) completed home-based online SSE sessions under tighter safety regulations, whereas other 17 women attended SSE sessions in person when group exercise with more than 5 people were permitted. To investigate the effects of the online SSE on cognitive and social functions compared to the in-person SSE, 2 times (pre vs. post) × 2 groups (online vs. in-person) mixed ANOVAs were conducted with classic and robust statistical methods on the scores of the Trail Making Test (TMT), the subscale scores of the Physical Activity Group Environment Questionnaire, and the score of the Subjective Vitality Scale.
Results
The interaction between time and groups was significant on the TMT-B to TMT-A (B/A) ratio score (p = .049) and the subscale scores of Individuals Attractions to the Group‒Task (p = .034) and ‒Social (p = .037). The B/A ratio score is an indicator of executive control function. The online SSE group’s ratio score slightly decreased over the sessions, whereas the ratio score significantly increased in the in-person group. As for group cohesion, participants’ involvements with the group task and social interaction with their group were enhanced in the online SSE group over the sessions, compared to the in-person SSE group.
Conclusions
In this study, SSE was carried out online for a short-term and found to be successful to enhance executive function and group cohesion in sedentary older adults. Considering the coronavirus pandemic circumstances, it is valuable to examine the long-term effects of the online SSE in older adults in future research.
Dichotomous Intrinsic Properties of Adult Accumbens Medium Spiny Neurons Vanish in the Fragile X Mouse Model of Autism
Authors: Giua Gabriele , Lassalle Olivier , Makrini-Maleville Leila , Valjent Emmanuel , Chavis Pascale , Manzoni Olivier Jacques José
Published: November 2022

Background
Fragile X syndrome (FXS), the most common monogenic cause of autism and inherited intellectual disability, is caused by the mutation of a single gene, Fmr1, which encodes the Fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP). FXS patients suffer from cognitive, emotional, and social deficits indicative of dysfunction in the nucleus accumbens (NAc), a structure central to the control of social behavior. The major cell type of the NAc, medium spiny neurons (MSNs), are differentiated in two subtypes based on their expression of either dopamine D1 or D2 receptors, their connectivity, and associated behavioral functions. Understanding how the absence of FMRP differentially affects the cellular properties of MSNs is a necessary step to categorize FXS cellular endophenotypes.
Methods
To address this question, we comprehensively compared the intrinsic passive and active properties of MSN subtypes identified in a novel Fmr1-/y :: Drd1a-tdTomato mouse model allowing in-situ identification of MSN subtypes in FXS mice.
Results
Although Fmr1 transcripts and their gene product, FMRP, were found in both MSNs subtypes, the results suggest cell-autonomous functions for Fmr1. The opposite membrane properties and action potential kinetics that normally discriminate D1- from D2-MSNs in WT mouse is either reversed or abolished in Fmr1-/y :: Drd1a-tdTomato mice. Multivariate analysis shed light on the compound effects of Fmr1 ablation by revealing how the phenotypic traits that distinguish each cell type in WT are modified in FXS.
Conclusions
Together these data show that in Fragile X mice the normal dichotomy that characterizes NAc D1- and D2-MSNs is thrown out of balance, leading to a uniform phenotype that could underlie selected aspects of the pathology.
Associations of LH and FSH with reproductive hormones depending on each stage of the menopausal transition
Authors: Kawakita Takako , Yasui Toshiyuki , Yoshida Kanako , Matsui Sumika , Iwasa Takeshi
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Associations of luteinizing hormone (LH) with androgens during the menopausal transition and associations between follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels and various diseases related to reproductive hormones in postmenopause have received much attention. LH and FSH are also known to be associated with activities of enzymes related to reproductive hormones. We examined the associations of LH and FSH with androgens and estrogens in each stage according to a classification from menopausal transition to postmenopause.
Methods: We divided the 173 subjects into 6 groups according to menstrual regularity and follicle-stimulating hormone level: mid reproductive stage (Group A), late reproductive stage (Group B), early menopausal transition (Group C), late menopausal transition (Group D), very early postmenopause (Group E) and early postmenopause (Group F). Levels of LH, FSH, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), estradiol, estrone, testosterone (T), free T, androstenedione and androstenediol were measured.
Results: In Group A, LH showed significant positive correlations with androstenedione and estrone. In Group D, LH was positively associated with T and free T and was negatively associated with estradiol. In Groups B, C, D and F, LH showed significant positive correlations with FSH, and there was a tendency for an association between LH and FSH in Group E. FSH was associated with estradiol but not with estrone in Groups C and D.
Conclusion: The associations of LH and FSH with reproductive hormones were different according to the stage of the menopausal transition. The associations between gonadotrophine levels and androgen levels may be important for metabolism from menopausal transition to postmenopause.
­­Simulations of genomic selection accuracy and model updating across multiple breeding strategy scenarios in common bean
Authors: Chiaravalotti Isabella , Lin Jennifer , Arief Vivi , Jahufer Zulfi , Osorno Juan , McClean Phillip , Jarquin Diego , Hoyos-Villegas Valerio
Published: November 2022

Genomic selection predicts the breeding value of selection candidates according to genotypes that are estimated to have favorable effects based on a model. The effectiveness of genomic selection is strongly tied to its prediction accuracy. Previous studies have evaluated the accuracy of genomic selection using simulations. The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in accuracy of genomic selection based on many known QTLs identified in the literature and determine their relationship with true breeding values. Simulation results revealed that correlation-based prediction accuracies (also referred to as realized accuracy) fluctuate depending on trait genetic architecture, breeding strategy and the number of initial parents involved in the breeding program. Generally, maximum accuracies were achieved under a mass selection strategy followed by pedigree and single seed descent methods. Model updating benefitted some breeding strategies more than others (e.g., single seed descent vs mass selection). For low heritability traits (i.e., yield), conventional methods provided comparable rates of genetic gain, but genetic gain under genomic selection reached a plateau in a lower number of cycles.
High-speed rail opening and environmental pollution in China-- Test based on multi-point DID model
Authors: Wang Shijin , Qiu Jie
Published: November 2022

In recent years, environmental problems have attracted attention at home and abroad, so exploring the causes of environmental pollution has become the research content of scholars .The opening of high-speed railway has improved the level of economic development in China's Yangtze River Delta, and with the economic growth, the construction of high-speed railway has also led to the environmental pollution in China's Yangtze River Delta.Therefore, the panel data of 41 prefecture-level cities in China's Yangtze River Delta from 2003 to 2018 were used to construct a multi-time point DID model, and the environmental pollution comprehensive index was calculated by factor analysis method to calculate the impact of high-speed railway construction on environmental pollution China's Yangtze River Delta. The conclusion is as follows: the opening of high-speed railway significantly reduces the overall pollution level in China's Yangtze River Delta.The opening of high-speed rail has played a role in restraining the environmental pollution of the first and second tier cities and the third and fourth tier cities, but the pollution level of the third and fourth tier cities has decreased significantly.
Gamma-band (30-40 Hz) connectivity during hypnosis in individuals with equal high hypnotizability but different dissociative experiences: a preliminary study
Authors: Taghilou Hoda , Rezaei Mazaher , Nazari Mohammad Ali , Valizadeh Alireza
Published: November 2022

Background
Most electrophysiological studies in hypnosis have divided individuals into two groups with high and low hypnotizability. However, this classification has been subjected to considerable criticism. The most important of these criticisms is that highly hypnotizable individuals can be divided into different groups due to their heterogeneity.
Methods
We selected 20 people with a score of eight or higher on the Stanford Hypnotic Susceptibility Scale C (SHSSC). We recorded the 19-channel EEG activity of the subjects in pre-hypnosis (baseline) and hypnosis conditions. We performed Dissociative Experiences Scales (DES) on them. We divided the subjects based on their DES score into two groups as high dissociative (HD) and low dissociative (LD). We predict that the two groups will have different gamma-band (30–40 Hz) connectivity despite equal hypnotizability.
Results
We found that both highly hypnotizable groups had reduced gamma connectivity during hypnosis. However, the characteristic gamma connectivity changes in the LD group decreased in the interhemispheric medial frontal cortex (MPFC). Furthermore, the HD group showed reduced gamma connectivity in the left frontotemporal network.
Conclusions
Indeed, the LD group showed reduced gamma in the "default mode network" and the HD group in the "executive control network".
Translumental Nd:YAG Laser Embolysis for the Treatment of Branch Retinal Artery Occlusion
Authors: Zhao Jie , Liu Xiuduo , Xu Huidi , Wang Qian , Lu Qing
Published: November 2022

Objective
To investigate the clinical effect of translumental Nd:YAG laser embolysis(TYE) in the treatment of branch retinal artery occlusion(BRAO) for the patients with initial best corrected visual acuity(BCVA) no more than 20/100 and more than 24 hours from onset to visit.
Material and Methods
In this study, a total of 8 affected eyes(8 patients, 5 male and 3 female)with sight-threating BRAO received TYE therapy. All patients had a visible embolus within the affected eye. The mean age of the patients was 75.4 ± 6.3 years (range, 66–85 years). All the time from onset to initial visit to our hospital was more than 24 hours. The mean treatment time from onset were 7.4 ± 4.1 days (range, 2–14 days). Before the TYE treatment, the BCVA of all affected eyes was 20/100 or worse. All patients underwent BCVA test, fundus photography, optical coherence tomography(OCT), and central visual field(CVF) examination from the first to final visit.
Results
After the TYE treatment, all the cases showed immediate recovery of blood flow in the occluded branch retinal artery. The reperfusion of the blocked artery was observed in all affected eyes by fundus examination and fundus photography. The diameter of the affected branch retinal arteries increased significantly. The BCVA improved significantly by a average of 5.7 lines(rang 1–11 lines) in all patients. The BCVA of the affected eyes at the last follow-up were significantly improved compared before TYE treatment(P < 0.01). Before treatment the average MS was 11.2 ± 2.51, the average MS at the last follow-up time was 11.7 ± 3.55. There was no statistically significant difference in mean MS between pretreatment and at the last follow-up(P > 0.05). During the TYE treatment, mild retinal and vitreous hemorrhage usually happened which gradually absorbed in no more than 2 weeks.
Conclusion
Translumental Nd:YAG laser embolysis may be a safe and effective method to significantly improve the prognosis of BRAO in patients with initial BCVA no more than 20/100 and more than 24 hours from onset to visit.
Bioorganic Two-Photon Nanoprobes with a Photo-Oxidation Enhanced Emission Mechanism
Authors: Yan Xuehai , Li Shukun , Zhao Luyang , Xing Ruirui , Hest Jan C.M. van
Published: November 2022

Two-photon absorption (TPA) fluorescence imaging holds great promise in diagnostics and biomedicine owing to its unparalleled spatiotemporal resolution. However, the adaptability and applicability of currently available TPA probes, which act as a critical element for determining the imaging contrast effect, is severely challenged by limited photoluminescence in vivo. This is particularly a result of uncontrollable aggregation that causes fluorescence quenching, and inevitable photo-oxidation in harsh physiological milieu, which normally leads to bleaching of the dye. Herein, we describe the remarkably enhanced TPA fluorescence imaging capacity of self-assembled near-infrared cyanine dye-based nanoprobes (NPs), which can be explained by a photo-oxidation enhanced emission mechanism. Singlet oxygen generated during photo-oxidation enables chromophore dimerization to form TPA intermediates responsible for enhanced TPA fluorescence emission. The resulting NPs possess uniform size distribution, excellent stability and a more favorable TPA cross-section than a widely-used TPA probe rhodamine B. These properties of cyanine dye-based TPA NPs promote their applications in visualizing blood circulation and tumoral accumulation in real-time, even to cellular imaging in vivo. The unprecedented photo-oxidation enhanced emission mechanism observed in these near-infrared cyanine dye-based nanoaggregates opens an avenue for design and development of more advanced TPA fluorescence probes.
Diversity and molecular characterization of Insect - specific Flavivirus in mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) collected in Central and Northern Argentina.
Authors: Farias Adrian Alejandro , Laberdolive Victoria , Stein Marina , Juri María Julia Dantur , Visintin Andrés , Almirón Walter R. , Contigiani Marta S. , Re Viviana E. , Diaz Adrián
Published: November 2022

In order to study the diversity and phylogenetic relationships among insect-specific flaviviruses circulating in the central and northern regions of Argentina we performed molecular detection and characterization of the NS5 protein gene in mosquitoes collected in Córdoba, Chaco and Tucumán provinces between 2001 and 2012, Sixty eight out of 1776 pools were positive. The KRV, CFA and CxFV viruses were detected by the generic PCR method, achieving the analysis of the existing phylogenetic relationships in the Flavivirus genus and the characterization of circulating CxFV in Argentina. It has also been possible to detect, for the first time, the CxFV virus in the mosquito species Haemagogus spegazzini.
Down syndrome markers classification via dense neural network in ultrasound foetal image
Authors: Pregitha Evelin , Kumar R. S. Vinod , Kumar C. Ebbie Selva
Published: November 2022

Down syndrome is a genetically born disorder among infants that occurs during the development of the foetus. Trisomy 21, a chromosome imbalance disorder is a leading cause of the Down syndrome. Numerous Machine Learning (ML) models have been used to identify Down syndrome in ultrasound images of foetuses, but the development of Deep Learning (DL), offers an enormous advantage over ML models in accuracy. However, the existing models have focused on Down syndrome as a Nasal bone length or Nuchal translucency. In this paper, an Automatic dense convolution neural network (DConN) is proposed to isolate and measure the Down syndrome marker particularly Nasal bone length and Nuchal translucency. It is necessary to extract texture features precisely from ultrasound images to classify them accurately. Initially, the test image is processed using an Anisotropic Diffusion Filter (ADF) to remove the noise. Then the ROI region is segmented and classified using a dense convolution neural network. The parameters namely sensitivity, accuracy, specificity, F1 score, and precision are considered for validating the effectiveness of the proposed model. The proposed method improves the overall accuracy of 3.9%, 1.6% and 0.41% better than cascaded ML, SIFT+GRNN and Modified AdaBoost respectively.
Utilization of durian seed for Monascus fermentation and its application as a functional ingredient in yogurt
Authors: Sria Ignatius , Kuswardani Indah , Ristiarini Susana , Kusumawati Netty , Godelive Laura , Nugerahani Ira
Published: November 2022

As a widely consumed fermented milk product, yogurt undergoes constant development to increase its functional properties. Monascus purpureus-fermented durian seed, which has been proven to possess antioxidative properties, has the potential to improve on yogurt properties. The purpose of this study was to analyze the use of Monascus-fermented durian seed (MFDS) as a functional ingredient on yogurt and its effect on physicochemical properties, lactic acid bacteria (LAB) count, antioxidative properties, and consumer acceptability of set-type yogurt during refrigeration. Changes in physicochemical properties, including color, pH, titratable acidity, and syneresis, LAB count, total phenolic content (TPC), and antioxidant activity were evaluated at 7-day intervals during 14 days of refrigerated storage (4⁰C). Sensory evaluation were carried out for freshly made samples and after 7 days of storage. Results showed that the addition of MFDS to yogurt gave significant effects to some of the parameters measured. Yogurt with added MFDS powder produced a more red color (L = 88.55 ± 1.28, a* = 2.63 ± 0.17, b* = 11.45 ± 1.15, c = 11.75 ± 1.15, H = 77.00 ± 0.64), reached the highest TPC (2.21 ± 0.46 mg/GAE g), antioxidant activity (0.0125 ± 0.0032 mg GAE/g), and syneresis (5.24 ± 0.51%) throughout 14 days of storage. Addition of MFDS only gave a slight difference to pH and titratable acidity, while no significant difference was made for LAB count. For sensory evaluation, addition of MFDS, particularly the ethanol extract, to yogurt was well liked by panelists. Overall, addition of MFDS has a high potential of improving properties of yogurt, particularly its antioxidative properties.
Motivational components involved in the metamotivational monitoring in medical students
Authors: Norouzi Ali , Parmelee Dean , Shariati Mohammad , Norouzi Saiideh , Alizadeh Maryam
Published: November 2022

Background: Theoretical implications of self-regulated learning emphasize that self-regulation of motivation (metamotivation) plays an important role in learning, effort, perseverance, and academic success in general. Metamotivation is how people monitor and control their motivational states to achieve their goals. Researchers believe that metamotivation includes two reciprocal processes: metamotivational monitoring, evaluating whether the person has selected the proper level (quantity) and type (quality) of motivation to perform his tasks; and metamotivational control, using the results of the monitoring phase and applying suitable strategies for adapting or changing the motivation. In metamotivational monitoring, students try to identify the declined motivational component in order to regulate its quantity and quality using motivational regulation strategies. In this field, two important questions arise: How can identify and measure the motivational components involved in metamotivational monitoring? and: Which motivational component is targeted by the medical students when they use every motivational regulation strategy?
Methods: Applying a multi-stage study, motivational components involved in metamotivational monitoring were characterized and a questionnaire developed. Then, using Structural Equation Modeling, predictive relationships between motivational components and motivational regulation strategies were investigated.
Results: The Motivational Components Questionnaire (MCQ) showed acceptable evidence of validity and reliability. In the Exploratory Factor Analysis, 6 factors were discovered that explained 74% of the total variance. In examining the predictive relationships, each of the four components of self-efficacy, intrinsic value, self-relevant value and promotion value were specifically predicted by two motivational regulation strategies.
Conclusions: Evidence of validity and reliability of the MCQ indicates that this questionnaire can be used in medical education contexts. Health Profession Educators can improve the academic motivation of students by identifying one or more declined motivational component and teaching specific motivational regulation strategies. It is recommended to hold training courses on motivational regulation strategies for medical school faculty, study-skills advisors, and students.
Survival benefit of neoadjuvant hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy followed by hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumor thrombus
Authors: Hu Zili , Yang Zhenyun , Wang Jiongliang , Fu Yizhen , Hu Zhiwen , Zhou Zhongguo , Chen Minshan , Zhang Yaojun
Published: November 2022

background/purpose: The prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT) is generally poor and hepatectomy is optional for these patients. This study aims to explore the survival benefits of neoadjuvant hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) for resectable HCC with PVTT.
Methods: This retrospective study included 120 consecutive HCC patients with PVTT who underwent hepatectomy, from January 2017 to January 2021 at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center. Of these patients, the overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) of 55 patients who received hepatectomy alone (Surgery group) and 65 patients who received neoadjuvant HAIC followed by hepatectomy (HAIC-Surgery group) were compared. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to develop a model predicting the response to neoadjuvant HAIC.
Results: The OS rates for the HAIC-Surgery group at 1, 3, and 5 years were 94.9%, 78% and 66.4%, respectively, compared with 84.6%, 47.6% and 37.2% in the Surgery group (P < 0.001). The RFS rates were 88.7%, 56.2% and 38.6% versus 84.9%, 38.3% and 22.6% (P = 0.002). The subgroup analysis revealed that the survival benefit of neoadjuvant HAIC was limited to patients who responded to it. The logistic model, consisting of AFP and CRP, that predicted the response to neoadjuvant HAIC performed well, with an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.756.
Conclusion: Neoadjuvant HAIC followed by hepatectomy is associated with a longer survival outcome than hepatectomy alone for HCC patients with PVTT and the survival benefit is limited to patients who respond to neoadjuvant FOLFOX-HAIC.
Association between Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index and Invasive Candidiasis in Critical Care
Authors: Tao Heqing , Ni Ziyan , He Shuying , Chen Kequan , Yang Zhandong , Peng Liang , Chen Xueqing
Published: November 2022

Background Invasive candidiasis is a common infectious complication in geriatric critical care patients, which is thought to be related to malnutrition. The geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI) score is an integrative and convenient tool to dynamically and comprehensively assess a patient’s current nutritional status. Thus, this study aims to assess the association between GNRI scores and invasive candidiasis in geriatric critical care patients. Methods A total of 5390 patients from the MIMIC-IV database were included in the training cohort to develop disease prediction models by logistic regression, Gradient Boosting Machine (GBM), eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LightGBM), and Random Forest (Rf) model. Developed models were validated in the test cohort consisting of 2766 patients from the MIMIC-III database. The area under the receiver operating curve (AUC) is used to represent the predictive performance of the different models. Results A decreased GNRI was significantly associated with invasive candidiasis in geriatric critical care patients (P < 0.001). The AUCs for the Rf model and GBM model were not significantly different than that of the logistic regression model (0.7093 versus 0.683;P = 0.4562; 0.6874 versus 0.683;P = 0.9178) in test cohort. The AUCs for the XGBoost model and LightGBM model were significantly lower than that of the logistic regression model (0.511 versus 0.683;P < 0.001; 0.6874 versus 0.592;P < 0.001) in the test cohort. Further analysis showed that GNRI as a continuous variable rather than a categorical variable is more valuable for predicting invasive candidiasis in our cohort. Conclusion Lower GNRI score was significantly associated with an increased risk of invasive candidiasis in geriatric ICU patients. Machine learning, particularly the GBM model and Rf model, can help in the prediction of invasive candidiasis.
Dissect high-resolution genetic architecture of complex phenotypes by accurately estimating gene-based conditional heritability
Authors: Li Miaoxin , Jiang Lin , Miao Lin , Tang Bin , Sham Pak
Published: November 2022

Despite many methodological studies on the global heritability estimation of complex traits, very few methods have been designed to dissect local heritability accurately. A precise local heritability would provide a high-resolution map for precision medicine. We report an effective heritability estimator (EHE) for local heritability estimation using p values from genome-wide association studies (GWAS). With a directly converting marginal heritability to the effective one, EHE shows higher accuracy and is the only method correctly calculating standard errors of local heritability estimation among the four compared methods. Importantly, EHE can be directly used to estimate the conditional heritability of nearby regions or genes in which the redundant heritability can be cleaned. The conditional heritability estimation procedure can be supervised by tissue-specific expression profiles to prioritize and quantify functionally more important genes of complex phenotypes. Applying EHE to 42 complex traits from the UK biobank, we found that heritability density in lncRNA genes tends to be higher than protein-coding genes, and genes pleiotropic to more phenotypes are not enriched for more heritability among candidate susceptibility genes. EHE provides an efficient way to finely and precisely dissect the genetic architecture of complex phenotypes.