bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Runs of Homozygosity in Modern Chicken Revealed by Sequence Data
Authors: Talebi Reza , Szmatoła Tomasz , Mészáros Gábor , Qanbari Saber
Published: October 2020

Runs of homozygosity (ROH) are chromosomal stretches that in a diploid genome appear in a homozygous state and display identical alleles at multiple contiguous loci. This study aimed to systematically compare the genomic distribution of the ROH islands among five populations of wild vs. commercial chickens of both layer and broiler type. To this end, we analyzed whole genome sequences of 115 birds including white layer (WL, n = 25), brown layer (BL, n = 25), broiler line A (BRA, n = 20), broiler line B (BRB, n = 20) and Red Junglefowl (RJF, n = 25). The ROH segments varied in size markedly among populations, ranging from 0.3 to 21.83 Mb reflecting their past genealogy. White layers contained the largest portion of the genome in homozygous state with an average ROH length of 432.1 Mb (±18.7) per bird, despite carrying it in short segments (0.3-1 Mb). Population-wise inbreeding measures based on Wright’s (Fis) and genomic (FROH) metrics revealed highly inbred genome of layer lines relative to the broilers and Red Junglefowl. We further revealed the ROH islands, among commercial lines overlapped with QTL related to limb development (GREM1, MEOX2), body weight (Meis2a.1, uc_338), eggshell color (GLCCI1, ICA1, UMAD1), antibody response to Newcastle virus (ROBO2), and feather pecking. Comparison of ROH landscape in sequencing resolution demonstrated that a sizable portion of genome of commercial lines segregates in homozygote state, reflecting many generations of assortative mating and intensive selection in their recent history. In contrary, wild birds carry shorter ROH segments, likely suggestive of older evolutionary events.
Meteo-dynamisches Pricing
Authors: Kremmel Dietmar
Published: October 2020

Obwohl in manchen Branchen das Wetter eine zentrale Rolle in der Nutzenbewertung eines Angebots spielt, findet dieser Umstand in der Preisfindung bisher kaum Berücksichtigung. Mit einem meteo-dynamischen Pricing wird der Angebotspreis im Zeitablauf anhand von erwarteten oder tatsächlichen Wetterdaten variiert. Damit können wirksame Kaufimpulse gesetzt und zusätzliche Kundengruppen angesprochen werden.
Public Value als Herausforderung für Medienorganisationen – Möglichkeiten zur gemeinwohlorientierten Gestaltung und Führung
Authors: Reising Wolfgang
Published: October 2020

Am 3. und 4. Dezember 2019 fand beim Mitteldeutschen Rundfunk (MDR) in Leipzig die erstmals ausgerichtete „Europäische Public Value Konferenz“ statt. Im Mittelpunkt stand das Thema Public Value im Umfeld des Wandels der Medienöffentlichkeit und des professionellen Journalismus unter den Bedingungen der Digitalisierung. Hinterfragt wurde insbesondere die Relevanz dieser Veränderungen für den öffentlich-rechtlichen Rundfunk und für dessen gesellschaftlichen Beitrag in der Gegenwart und in Zukunft.
Digital Disruption in Retailing and Beyond
Authors: Evanschitzky Heiner , Bartikowski Boris , Baines Tim , Blut Markus , Brock Christian , Kleinlercher Kristina , Naik Parikshit , Petit Olivia , Rudolph Thomas , Spence Charles , Velasco Carlos , Wünderlich Nancy V.
Published: October 2020

The increased disruption of business models through digital technologies creates opportunities and challenges for retail businesses and their network partners. Digital transformation – the process of digitalization of previously analogue operations, procedures, organizational tasks, and managerial processes in order to drive value for customers, employees and other stakeholders – is the order of the day. With that in mind, this article provides a purposeful overview of research in the field of digital transformation with a focus on retailing and customer-facing functions of digital technologies such as managing customer journeys, assessing the impact of sensory marketing and the use of service robots on the one hand, and their strategic implications for business models such as servitization on the other. This article concludes by highlighting immediate as well as long-term challenges in the field, with a focus on disruptive technologies, innovations and trends that retail marketing-management will likely face in the near future.
Lactic acid production to purification: A review
Authors: Komesu Andrea , de Oliveira Johnatt Allan Rocha , Martins Luiza Helena da Silva , Wolf Maciel Maria Regina , Maciel Filho Rubens
Published: October 2020

Lactic acid is a naturally occurring organic acid that can be used in a wide variety of industries, such as the cosmetic, pharmaceutical, chemical, food, and, most recently, the medical industries. It can be made by the fermentation of sugars obtained from renewable resources, which means that it is an eco-friendly product that has attracted a lot of attention in recent years. In 2010, the U.S. Department of Energy issued a report that listed lactic acid as a potential building block for the future. Bearing the importance of lactic acid in mind, this review summarizes information about lactic acid properties and applications, as well as its production and purification processes.
Novel cellulose/ NbOPO4.nH2O hybrid material from sugarcane bagasse
Authors: Pereira Paulo Henrique Fernandes , Voorwald Herman Jacobus Cornelis , Cioffi Maria Odila Hilario , da Silva Maria Lucia Caetano Pinto
Published: October 2020

In recent years studies concerning the applications of lignocellulosic/ inorganic couples have resulted in the development of an interesting class of functional materials. In this work a cellulose/NbOPO4.nH2O hybrid using cellulose from surgacane bagasse was prepared and characterized in order to test for adsorption applications. The preparation process was conducted by carrying out metallic niobium dilution in hydrofluoric acid in the presence of nitric acid, then adding boric acid to form the complex and, finally, the cellulose sugar cane bagasse was added. Concentrated phosphoric acid was also inserted to precipitate hydrous niobium phosphate particles in the cellulose fiber. This material was characterized by X-ray diffractometry (XRD), thermogravimetry (TG/DTG), and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) connected to an energy dispersive spectrophotometer (EDS). Results by SEM/EDS show that NbOPO4.nH2O was present in structure of the cellulose. During the preparation of the material, using boric acid it was observed that the formation of precipitate occurred in a shorter time than the material prepared without boric acid.
The Enrichment Conditions and Resource Potential of Marine-Continental Transitional Coal-Measure Shale Gas: A Case Study of the Permo-Carboniferous Systerm in the Huanghebei Coalfield of North China
Authors: Zhou Minglei  , Yin Lusheng  , Shao Yubao  , Wang Huaihong  , Zhang Xinbin  , Wu Yue  , Wang Dongdong
Published: October 2020

Coal-measure shale gas is considered to be an important unconventional oil and gas resource in coal measures. At the present time, coal-measure shale gas has not been well studied. However, in recent years, such potential resources have received increasing attention. In this research investigation, the coal measures of the Permo-Carboniferous Period in North China’s Huanghebei Coalfield were taken as the research object in order to evaluate the enrichment conditions and resource potential of the coal-measure shale gas. The results were as follows: 1) A variety of sedimentary environments were developed during the Late Paleozoic Era in the Huanghebei Coalfield region. Lagoon sediment had mainly developed in the Taiyuan Formation, which was conducive to the high-intensity development of shale. In addition, interdistributary bay-floodplain sediment had developed in the Shanxi Formation, which was also favorable to the development of shale; 2) The average value of the total organic carbon (TOC) in the shale of the Taiyuan and Shanxi Formations in the study area was found to be more than 2%. The main type of organic matter was Type II kerogen, followed by Type III kerogen. Furthermore, the thermal evolution degree of the organic matter was considered to be in the mature stage, which indicated a good hydrocarbon generation potential; 3) The gas bearing intervals of the shale in the Taiyuan and Shanxi Formations in the study area were mainly variegated shale, mudstone, carbonaceous shale, and silty mudstone (shale), which belong to the categories of ultra-low permeability and low porosity reservoirs; 4) The average gas content of mud shale in the Taiyuan and Shanxi Formations ranges between 0.645 and 3.34 m3/t. The shale tends to have large burial depths and well-developed caprock, which is conducive to the preservation of shale gas; 5) This study’s comprehensive analysis results showed that the mud shale in the Taiyuan and Shanxi Formations have good hydrocarbon generation potential. A favorable area was delineated in the middle of the Huanghebei Coalfield, and a NE-trending belt distribution was evident along the Pandian-Qihe-Biaobaisi. In summary, the three delineated perspective areas were determined to be the Dulangkou-Zhaoguan prospect area; Yuchengnan prospect area; and Sangzidian prospect area, respectively.
La Gestión de la Calidad y las Necesidades Académicas en Deportistas Calificados de la UNMSM 2017 - 2019
Authors: Díaz Rodríguez Manuel Alexander
Published: October 2020

El artículo desarrollado permitió reconocer y analizar las dificultades encontradas en la administración deportiva, específicamente en la gestión del apoyo académico para el atleta - estudiante. Aquí se pudo comprobar la alta tasa de deserción estudiantil durante los años 2017 al 2019, así mismo se realizó un estudio descriptivo, mediante recopilación de información histórica, análisis de reportes y documentación oficial del departamento de planificación de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM). En esta investigación se demostró que existe desconocimiento en la aplicación de estrategias para los apoyos académicos, además que, a través del manejo adecuado del modelo Malcolm Baldrige de la calidad, destinado a cubrir los requerimientos estudiantiles y utilizando métrica e indicadores adecuados, se puede lograr la mejora continua buscando la satisfacción de las necesidades académicas en atletas - estudiantes calificados.
Source Domains of Smell Related Metaphorical Collocations: Study Based on Corpus of Contemporary American English
Authors: Selmistraitis Linas , Boikova Renata
Published: October 2020

The paper discusses source domains of smell related metaphorical collocations. The research is limited to metaphorical collocations with pleasant smell denoting words scent, fragrance, aroma, and perfume in the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA). The scope of the research is 2187 concordance lines (CL) containing metaphorical collocations with the words scent, fragrance, aroma, and perfume from 3580 CL containing any word phrase with the target words. The research is based on identification and description of the source domains of the collected metaphorical collocations with pleasant smell words, relating the source domains to underlying conceptual metaphors and determining the frequency distribution of the identified source domains. The following source domains were identified in the research: object, substance, physical force, and food. The analysis showed the frequency of source domains across all four groups forming smell related conceptual metaphors: object with 1833 instances of metaphorical collocations (84%), substance with 202 instances (9%), physical force with 130 instances (6%), and food with 22 instances (1%). The present study contributes to the development of cognitive semantics and its findings demonstrate which meanings are prevalent in human mentality when pleasant smell related metaphorical collocations are used.
Sustainability of Dialecticity in the City: The Perspective of the Emic Narrative Constructor
Authors: Aliūkaitė Daiva
Published: October 2020

The paper approaches the dialect-exploratory discourse, which concerns the interpretation of sustainability of dialecticity in the city. The given research aims at the evaluation of the sustainability of dialecticity in the city by performing the analysis of the emic narrative, i. e. the narrative of an ordinary member of the language community. In the city zones, the natural horizontal language continuum is disturbed; hence, from the perspective of etic, or the researcher, the problem of the co-existence, competition, levelling, etc. of different regional variants arises. What regards the emic perspective and the methodological inventory allowing for its formation, it should be stressed that it concerns the identification of the dialecticity conditions, or conditions determining variability that includes dialects. The emic narrative, or in other words, the I think that ... narrative, when reconstructed based on the empirical material collected for the research in perceptual dialectology embracing three Lithuanian cities, gives a piece of proper information to model the here and now and, to some extent, the future dialecticity projections. When discussing the problem of sustainability of dialecticity, the author concentrates on the segments of the reconstructed emic narrative that cover the reflection of language behaviour, estimation of language environment and a priori language attitudes toward the use of dialect codes.
Aukštos skyros funkcinių mikrodarinių formavimas ir taikymai
Authors:   , Tičkūnas Titas
Published: October 2020

Formation of high-resolution functional microdevices and their applications
ІНДЕКС СТРЕСУ НА РИНКУ ОБІГОВИХ ФІНАНСОВИХ ІНСТРУМЕНТІВ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: КРАВЧУК Ігор
Published: October 2020

Ринок обігових фінансових інструментів є іманентною складовою фінан-сової системи і перебуває у двосторонньому взаємозв’язку з іншими фінансо-вими інституціями та реальним сектором економіки у площині забезпечення його стабільного функціонування. Імовірні ринкові потрясіння можуть негати-вно вплинути на стан економіки, а тому регуляторам слід здійснювати постій-не спостереження за ринком для упередження або раннього виявлення можли-вих ринкових порушень, розраховуючи, зокрема, композитний індекс стресу.Для конструювання композитного індексу використано кореляційний ана-ліз, модель узагальненої авторегресійної умовної гетероскедастичності, стан-дартизацію на основі інтегральної функції розподілу, сезонне коригування, ви-значення довгострокового тренду на основі фільтрування.Індекс стресу на ринку обігових фінансових інструментів України запро-поновано розраховувати на основі ринкових даних шляхом врівноваженого усереднення суб-індексів ринку акцій (волатильність дохідності фондового ін-дексу UX, індикатор CMAX, коефіцієнт ринкової ефективності), боргових цін-них паперів (суверенний спред і спред CDS) і деривативів (індикатор зміни кі-лькості відкритих позицій за ф’ючерсами на фондовий індекс UX), які було стандартизовано з використанням інтегральної функції розподілу.Проведений аналіз запропонованого композитного індексу стресу свід-чить, що переважаючими факторами впливу на ситуацію на ринку цінних па-перів і деривативів в Україні є внутрішньонаціональні, які з 2014 р. стали до-мінуючими. На даний час індекс стресу ринку обігових фінансових інструмен-тів України є ще мало значущим для відображення економічної ситуації в державі з огляду на слабкий розвиток ринку і його мізерну роль у фінансуван-ні та відображенні корпоративної діяльності.
PENGEMBANGAN BAHAN AJAR BERBASIS KKNI MATAKULIAH MATEMATIKA DASAR
Authors: Armis Armis
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan bahan ajar matakuliah Matematika Dasar. Bahan ajar Matematika dasar yang dikembangkan terdiri atas (1) Fungsi Riil, (2) Turunan dan Penggunaan, (3) Integral dan Penggunaan, (4) Fungsi Transenden, dan (5) Teknik Pengintegralan. Dalam penelitian ini peneliti menggunakan modifikasi model 4-D. Terdapat empat tahap dalam penelitian pengembangan ini yang meliputi (1) pendefinisian, (2) perencanaan, (3) pengembangan, dan (4) penyebaran. Berdasarkan hasil dan pembahasan disimpulkan bahwa bahan ajar Matematika Dasar yang telah dikembangkan adalah valid dan layak digunakan dalam perkuliahan Matematika Dasar pada mahasiswa jurusan PMIPA FKIP Universitas Riau.
MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA SISWA MELALUI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE NUMBERED HEAD TOGETHER (NHT)
Authors: Pangestu Catur Budi , Kadir Kadir
Published: October 2020

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Numbered Head Together (NHT) terhadap hasil belajar matematika siswa. Penelitian dilakukan di SDN Ciputat VI pada kelas V. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode eksperimen dengan desain penelitian Post Test Only. Hasil belajar matematika siswa diukur dengan menggunakan instrumen tes. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa hasil belajar matematika siswa dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Numbered Head Together (NHT) lebih tinggi daripada hasil belajar matematika siswa yang menggunakan pembelajaran konvensional (thitung = 7,49 dan ttabel = 1,67). Dengan demikian model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Numbered Head Together (NHT) lebih efektif untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar matematika siswa dibanding model pembelajaran konvensional.
EFEKTIVITAS MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS MULTIMEDIA PADA MATERI SEGIEMPAT
Authors: Damopolii Vemsi , Bito Nursiya , Resmawan Resmawan
Published: October 2020

The descriptive study aims to elaborate on the effectiveness of multimedia-based mathematics learning process in a lesson on the rectangular shape in 7th-grade students in SMP Negeri 11 Gorontalo. There are four indicators investigated in this study, i.e., 1) Teacher’s competence in learning management, 2) Students’ activity during the learning process, 3) Students’ learning outcome, and 4) Students’ response. The result shows that the implementation of rectangular multimedia in the mathematics learning process is categorized effectively. The teachers’ competence in learning management results in effective criteria, included in quite good category. Moreover, the students’ activity is categorized in effective criteria, as the overall percentage meets the minimum effectiveness criteria set. Further, the students’ learning outcome passes the classical competence, as 85 percent achieve score of 70 or more. The students’ response on the learning process also meets the effectiveness criteria; 84 percent of students respond positively or very positively towards the learning multimedia.
MENGATASI LEARNING OBSTACLE KONSEP TRANSFORMASI GEOMETRI DENGAN DIDACTICAL DESIGN RESEARCH
Authors: Miftah Ramdani , Kurniawati Lia , Solicha Ticha Putri
Published: October 2020

The purpose of this study was to identify learning obstacle precisely on students' epistemological barriers to the concept of geometry transformation. Furthermore, researchers overcome these obstacles by developing mathematical learning concepts in the concept of geometry transformation in high school. This research was conducted at one of the senior high school in Tangerang Selatan. The research method used is Didactical Design Research. This method is carried out in three stages, the analysis of didactic situations before learning (prospective analysis), metapedidactic analysis, and retrospective analysis. Based on the results of the preliminary study, of the 20 students who took the obstacle learningidentificationtest,82.35%ofthetotalstudentsexperiencedepistemologicalbarrierstotheconceptofgeometry transformation. In overcoming the epistemological obstacles students in the concept of geometric transformation requires the design of learning developed based on learning obstacle analysis, repersonalization, and recontextualization so as to produce hypotheses consisting of Hypothetical Learning Trajectory which contains various activities and predictions of student responses and anticipations and produces Student Worksheets. The results show that the didactic design provided can overcome student barriers. It can be seen from the effectiveness of anticipation given during learning that reaches 90% of the difficulties that arise based on predictions of response and anticipated didactic pedagogical.
Road Traffic Accidents and Disparities in Child Mortality
Authors: Mokdad Ali A. , Wolf Lindsey L. , Pandya Samir , Ryan Mark , Qureshi Faisal G.
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Road traffic accidents are a leading cause of child deaths in the United States. Although this has been examined at the national and state levels, there is more value in acquiring information at the county level to guide local policies. We aimed to estimate county-specific child mortality from road traffic accidents in the United States.

METHODS:

We queried the Fatality Analysis Reporting System database, 2010–2017, for road traffic accidents that resulted in a death within 30 days of the auto crash. We included all children <15 years old who were fatally injured. We estimated county-specific age- and sex-standardized mortality. We evaluated the impact of the availability of trauma centers and urban-rural classification of counties on mortality.

RESULTS:

We included 9271 child deaths. Among those, 45% died at the scene. The median age was 7 years. The overall mortality was 1.87 deaths per 100 000 children. County-specific mortality ranged between 0.25 and 21.91 deaths per 100 000 children. The availability of a trauma center in a county was associated with decreased mortality (adult trauma center [odds ratio (OR): 0.59; 95% credibility interval (CI), 0.52–0.66]; pediatric trauma center [OR: 0.56; 95% CI, 0.46–0.67]). Less urbanized counties were associated with higher mortality, compared with large central metropolitan counties (noncore counties [OR: 2.33; 95% CI, 1.85–2.91]).

CONCLUSIONS:

There are marked differences in child mortality from road traffic accidents among US counties. Our findings can guide targeted public health interventions in high-risk counties with excessive child mortality and limited access to trauma care.
Un nuevo enfoque a la criptografía matemática usando la función discreta de ambigüedad
Authors: Soto-Quirós Juan Pablo , Rodríguez Domingo
Published: October 2020

A través de la criptografía, se desea modificar y ocultar cierta información, para que sólo algún grupo determinado de personas pueda interpretarlo por medio de una clave. Al tratar de utilizar diversos campos de la matemática para realizar este proceso, se desarrolla el concepto de criptografía matemática.

La mayoría de métodos criptográficos matemáticos se concentran en teoría de números. También exiten otros métodos criptográficos en el área de física cuántica y geometría algebraica, particularmente elíptica y curvas hyperelípticas definidas sobre cuerpos y campos finitos, finito campos, entre otros. El presente trabajo introduce una nueva modalidad del aspecto de procesamiento de señales al campo de la criptografía matemática, a través de representaciones armónicas bidimensionales como lo es la función discreta de ambigüedad. Este trabajo utiliza dos definiciones equivalentes, en módulo, de la función discreta de ambigüedad.

Este nuevo método criptográfico utiliza el concepto de clave simétrica para efectuar el proceso de cifrar y descifrar el mensaje.
Un algoritmo estocástico para resolver laberintos
Authors: Cruz-Ruiz Iván Omar , Lara-Velázquez Pedro , De-Los-Cobos-Silva Sergio G. , Rincón-García Eric A. , Mora-Gutiérrez Román A. , Gutiérrez-Andrade Miguel A.
Published: October 2020

El artículo describe un nuevo método para resolver laberintos cuadrados usando una versión aleatorizada de búsqueda a profundidad. El algoritmo propuesto se probó en dos familias de laberintos, una de ellas basada en el método de Aldous-Broder y el otro en el de Backtrack. El algoritmo de solución se compara con el método de Dijkstra, que es una técnica bien conocida para resolver este tipo de problemas. Este encuentra soluciones en menor tiempo en laberintos de gran tamaño (mayores a 100 x 100 celdas).
Emerson B. Powery and Rodney S. Sadler, Jr., The Genesis of Liberation: Biblical Interpretation in the Antebellum Narratives of the Enslaved
Authors: Clark III Edgar "Trey"
Published: October 2020

Please click the PDF button to access the review.
Richard Voelz, Preaching To Teach: Inspire People to Think and Act
Authors: Bland Dave
Published: October 2020

Please click the PDF button to access the review.
Termo-hidrólisis para la liberación de azúcares monoméricos en residuos agrícolas
Authors: Chávez García M. , González Morales S. , Benavides Mendoza A. , Charles Rodríguez A. V. , Cabrera de la Fuente M. , Martínez Vázquez D. G. , Robledo Olivo A.
Published: October 2020

El vertido incontrolado de desechos y excedentes generados como residuos vegetales en el medio rural son considerados como foco importante de infección para los cultivos. Estos agroresiduos se consideran ricos en polímeros de almidón y lignocelulosa, los cuales están formados por azúcares sencillos. Esta investigación trabajó con bagazo de uva (variedad merlot) y granada (variedad wonderful), empleándolas como materia prima para su hidrólisis térmica. Las variables evaluadas fueron azucares totales y azucares reductores en los bagazos sin hidrolizar, en los “slurry” hidrolizados y en el caldo hidrolizado. El incremento en la concentración de azucares tras los diferentes tratamientos, se logró efectivamente con residuos de uva (1.77 mg/ml), y granada (3.18 mg/ml), tomando en cuenta los resultados previos a la hidrólisis térmica plasmadas en este trabajo (1.31 mg/ml para uva; 2.08 mg/ml para granada). De acuerdo con los resultados obtenidos, existe una relación de eficiencia en la extracción de azúcares monoméricos y el tamaño de partícula empleado, mientras que el tiempo de procesamiento es un factor determinante en esta investigación. Por lo tanto, el tiempo de exposición en un proceso de hidrólisis térmica y el tamaño de partícula de la materia prima, son factores importantes por considerar, que afectan la liberación de glucosas de la materia lignocelulósica de residuos de uva y granada.
La verdad refugiada. Lecciones no aprendidas sobre el desplazamiento forzado transfronterizo colombiano
Authors: Medina Adriana
Published: October 2020

El desplazamiento forzado transfronterizo perpetrado en Colombia en los últimos cuarenta años, se dio bajo el ciclo del Desplazamiento despolitizador (Agamben, 1998) (Medina, 2018, p. 176). Este ciclo se institucionalizó en el país ante la ausencia de paz, la naturalización del conflicto y la fragilidad del posconflicto o la transición para impedir en el largo plazo el papel activo de los sujetos sociales en la construcción de la democracia (Archila, 2006); pese a ello, también se dieron experiencias significativas de resistencia de población desplazada más allá de las fronteras para hacerle frente a la despolitización (Medina, 2018). Este artículo reflexiona sobre las lecciones no aprendidas que enseña el caso del desplazamiento forzado transfronterizo en tiempos de “transición” a la paz.
The Liberal Commons
Authors: Papadimitropoulos Vangelis
Published: October 2020

Within this section, the author examines the liberal case for the commons through the perspective of leading theorists on the area. Elinor Ostrom, Lawrence Lessig and Yochai Benkler. All three place the development of the commons in parallel with state and market operation. They advocate for the coexistence of the commons with capitalism and the state. Ostrom’s work is discussed as focusing on the problem of collective action by elaborating the model of polycentrism. Lawrence Lessig and Yochai Benkler expand Ostrom’s work from the local to the global commons of the Internet and free/open source software. They introduce the term ‘digital commons’ to describe a non-market sector of information characterised by an ethic of sharing, self-management and cooperation between peers who have free access to online platforms. Benkler often diverges from classic liberalism by pointing to the autonomous development of the commons beyond capitalism and the state. Yet this underlying goal generally conforms to the liberal tradition. Discussion of the arguments of Cornelius Castoriadis and others stresses the impotence of the liberal commons in addressing the contradictions of capitalism and the state pointing to the ‘lack of the political’. The author argues in line with these perspectives that economic democracy is vital to underpin a digital commons.
The Reformist Commons
Authors: Papadimitropoulos Vangelis
Published: October 2020

Within ‘The Reformist Commons’, the author establishes the views of a wide range of reformist theorists. This reformist approach to the commons combines liberal, social democratic, socialist and revolutionary elements in multiple variants. In the context of Benkler’s three basic future scenarios for the com­mons the author goes onto critically engage with the work of a number of thinkers who have further argued for the autonomisation of commons-based peer production in such models as the green governance (David Bollier and Silke Helfrich) and collaborative commons (Jeremy Rifkin) and platform cooperativism (Trebor Scholz) . Also discussed are Bauwens and Kostakis’s model of open cooperativism incorporating the ecological model of Design Global Manufacture, cosmolocalism and a partner state abetting commons-based peer production, Adam Arvidsson and Nicolai Peiterson’s ‘productive publics’ and digital distributism (Douglas Rushkoff). The author concludes with Erik Olin Wright’s arguments for how institutional space might be freed up for strategic action towards a commons-orientated transition. Wright’s perspective, the author argues offers the most holistic political alternative by integrating the self-instituting power of the people into a strategic pluralism based on multiple pathways of social empowerment, embodied in a variety of structural transformations. This may function as an institutional multi-format for the various reformist approaches advocated by the other thinkers.
Structure of Motor Fitness of 7-Year-Old Girls
Authors: Ivashchenko Olha , Sirichenko Daria
Published: October 2020

The purpose of the study was to determine the structure of motor fitness of 7-year-old girls.  Materials and methods. The study participants were 27 7-year-old girls. The children and their parents were informed about all the features of the study and gave their consent to participate in the experiment. The research methods used in the study include analysis of scientific and methodological literature, pedagogical observations, testing of motor fitness, probabilistic approach to assessing the learning process, methods of mathematical statistics. The study recorded the primary schoolchildren’s level of proficiency in gymnastic exercises. The coefficient was determined by the formula: p = (m/n)×100, where p is the level of proficiency, m is the number of successfully performed exercises, n is the total number of attempts to perform the exercise. In the experiment, the study controlled the level of proficiency in the following exercises: forward roll; backward roll; shoulderstand with bent legs. Results. The level of fitness of the 7-year-old girls is homogeneous by the development of “agility” and “movement coordination”, inhomogeneous – by the development of flexibility, arm strength, and vestibular stability, level of proficiency in gymnastic exercises. The analysis of the coefficients of variation points to heterochrony in the development of the 7-year-old girls’ motor abilities. Based on the data analysis, it can be argued that the development of vestibular stability ensures the formation of motor skills in girls. Based on factor analysis, it was found that the most informative indicators of motor fitness of the 7-year-old girls are the level of proficiency in acrobatic exercises, the results of test No. 7 “Mixed hang rope pull-ups, times” (r = 0.872) and test No. 10 “Maintenance of stable posture – standing on one leg with closed eyes, s” (r = 0.870). Conclusions. Based on factor analysis, it was found that the level of proficiency in exercises determines the variation of testing results by 29.772%, and the development of motor skills is a priority in the educational process at primary school. The development of vestibular stability ensures the formation of motor skills, and the level of general physical fitness is the reserve in training girls aged 7, which will make it possible to increase the effectiveness of the educational process.
Ultra-long read sequencing protocol for Oxford Nanopore v1
Authors: Quick Josh
Published: October 2020

The intention of this protocol is to isolate high molecular weight DNA. This means you should avoid any pipetting without using a wide-bore or cut off pipette tip, vortexing, mixer shakers or anything else which generate a velocity gradient which may shear the DNA. In addition you should be very careful not to introduce nucleases by making up buffers with nuclease-free water. Avoid unnecessary heating and do not freeze, isolated DNA should be stored in the fridge, a good extraction will be stable for months. Currently tested on E. coliand human cell lines, however it is likely to work with many gram-negative bacteria and mammalian cells.
Wounds and words: A lexical and syntactic analysis of Casocot’s “There are other things beside brightness and light”
Authors: Tarrayo Veronico N.
Published: October 2020

While there has been a sustained interest in conducting stylistic studies on fiction, specifically novels and short stories, the literature about stylistic analysis of flash fiction as a literary genre remains scant. Thus, the present study attempts to conduct a lexical and syntactic analysis of Ian Rosales Casocot’s “There Are Other Things Beside Brightness And Light.” The analysis was anchored in two of the four linguistic and stylistic categories proposed by Leech and Short (2007), namely lexical and grammatical. To communicate the narrator’s traumatic experience, the following lexical categories were found: words that evoke the main character’s recollected sensations, particularly visual; a Latin expression, and slang words; concrete nouns providing access to the feelings of the main character; abstract nouns connoting psychological or emotional processes; and adjectives depicting sensory imageries and representing, along with some verbs, psychological states that carry negative connotations. Stative verbs vis-à-vis dynamic ones echo the impressions of attachment and detachment, and memory in the story, which link to the adverbs of manner in the text. On the other hand, these grammatical features contributed to text interpretation: cumulative or loose sentences depicting a series of rapid thoughts of the narrator who recalls a traumatic experience; mini-paragraphs, i.e., text fragmentation, foregrounding the theme of the narrative; a verb-tense shift from past to future, and the demonstrative pronouns that and this representing the struggle of the narrator to escape from the vexatious memory of pain and trauma; and the em dash paving the way for the narrator’s emotional rumination. The stylistic analysis, particularly lexical and syntactic, provides a more objective and profound understanding of the underlying meanings of the FF under study.
Bilingualism, monoliteracy, and third language writing: A case from Turkish-Persian context in Iran
Authors: Poorebrahim Fatemeh , Afsharrad Mohammad , Ghonsooly Behzad
Published: October 2020

Studies on third language (L3) acquisition have shown that biliteracy has a facilitative effect on L3 writing. By comparing performances of bilinguals and monolinguals in subsequent language (English) writing, this study attempts to find whether being bilingual but not biliterate is of help to L3 writing. To this end, 52 Turk-Fars bilingual and 57 Fars monolingual females participated in the study. Data were collected through the participants’ compositions and think-aloud protocols. A series of Mann Whitney U tests were employed to compare the groups’ total writing scores and scores in different components of writing. The results of the study revealed that bilinguals performed better than monolinguals in total writing, organization, and mechanics. However, there was no significant difference between the two groups in content, discourse, syntax, and vocabulary of their compositions. This indicates that being bilingual without necessarily being biliterate is of help to L3 writing. Moreover, it was found that English language was the most frequently used medium of thought while writing in English. The findings of this study indicate the need for developing localized bilingual education systems so that bilinguals can take maximum advantage of their background languages in the process of L3 learning.
Indonesian EFL teachers’ cognitions and practices related to social justice
Authors: Sulistyowardani Margaretha , Mambu Joseph Ernest , Pattiwael Athriyana Santye
Published: October 2020

The implementation of critical pedagogy has not been well addressed, especially that viewed from the teacher cognition perspective. This project hence aims to study the cognitions and practices related to critical pedagogy by investigating the integration of social justice by high-school English teachers in Indonesia. Two participants who claimed to be critical pedagogy practitioners were interviewed and observed. Interviews were done before and after the class observation. Pre-observation interviews were done in order to identify teachers’ cognition and track factors contributing to the integration of social justice in the ELT classroom. Meanwhile, the post-observation interviews were performed to seek for clarification in relation to the congruence and incongruence between the cognitions and the real practices. Participants’ schooling experience, curriculum demand, and personal beliefs seem to play a major role in the integration of social justice in class. However, incongruence was also recognized between their stated cognition and real practices.
Examining a Mental Health Literacy Intervention Among Economically Disadvantaged Youth
Authors: Mumbauer-Pisano Jayna , Barden Sejal Mehta
Published: October 2020

Although mental health problems in adolescence are increasingly common, 60% of diagnosed youth do not receive appropriate mental health treatment. This service gap is even wider among adolescents from economically disadvantaged backgrounds, who face increased mental health stigma and barriers to treatment. Mental health literacy is a pivotal step in addressing the discrepancy between rates of mental health diagnoses and of individuals treated. This study evaluates the influence of a 6-week mental health literacy intervention on economically disadvantaged adolescents’ mental health literacy, implemented by counselors-in-training. From pretest to posttest, adolescents’ mental health knowledge and attitudes toward help-seeking significantly increased, while mental health stigma significantly decreased. These changes were sustained at 1-month follow-up. The results highlight the importance of brief mental health literacy interventions to encourage healthy coping and help-seeking and to dispel stigmatizing beliefs.
State of the cardiorespiratory system in patients with grade IV thoracic scoliosis before and after surgical treatment
Authors: Avtandilov A. G. , Vetrile S. T. , Nemanova D. I. , Kuleshov A. A.
Published: October 2020

Cardiorespiratory system was examined in 33 patients with thoracic scoliosis of degree TV ( 15 nonsurgical, 18 surgical treatment). Eighteen surgically treatment patients were operated using CotrelDubousset instrumentation and were examined within 13 years after surgery. Examination included evaluation of external respiration function, echocardiography (ECG), bicycle ergometer test (BEMT). It was shown that postsurgically the function of external respiration was better than in nonsurgically treated patients. ECG showed reliably lower size and thickness of the right ventricular wall as well as considerably lower level of pulmonary hypertension. Tolerance to physical load at BEMT, level of working capacity and the term of restoration was reliably better in surgically treated patients.
Assessment of Results of Total Hip Replacement Using SFEN Implants (preliminary report)
Authors: Lomtatidze E Sh , Lomtatidze V E , Potseluyko S V , Groshev Yu V , Kim N I , Volchenko D V , Popov D P , Lomtatidze E Sh , Lomtatidze V E , Posteluyko S V , Groshev Yu V , Kim N L , Volchenko D V , Popov D P
Published: October 2020

From January 1999 to August 2004 total hip replacement with cement SFEN-C implants was performed in 113 patients (128 joints). Average age of patients at surgery was 65.5 years (from 21 to 87). Results were evaluated 3, 6, 12 months after operation and then yearly. At control examination pelvic radiography, assessment of cement technique by Barrack, dynamics of radiographic density at the metal-cement borders, cement-bone of femoral component by Gruen as well as acetabular component by DeLee and Charnley were performed. Functional result was evaluated by Merle d'Aubigne and Postel systems in modification by Charnley and by Harris. Mean follow-up was 20.3+10.8 months (from 3 to 68 months). Long-term results were studied in 87 patients. No sings of polyethylene shell wear and acetabular and proximal femur osteolysis were detected. No clinical symptoms of instability requiring re-operation were noted.
Dynamics of Traffic Injuries in Russian Federation
Authors: Leonov S A , Ogryzko Elena Vyacheslavovna , Andreeva T M , Leonov S A , Ogryzko E V , Andreeva T M
Published: October 2020

Dynamics of traffic injuries in Russian Federation over the period 2003 to 2007 was analyzed. In that period rate of traffic injuries was decrease by 8%. Comparison of traffic injury rates of different Russian regions was made. Structure of non-fatal traffic injuries was presented. Data on non-fatal traffic injuries and traffic mortality rates were compared. Main directions to prevent traffic injuries were suggested.
Modeling of Posttraumatic Changes in Knee Joint in Animal Experiments
Authors: Mironov S P , Omel'yanenko N P , Trotsenko V V , Karpov I N , Kurpyakov Anton Pavlovich , Mironov S P , Omel'yanenko N P , Trotsenko V V , Karpov I N , Kurpyakov A P
Published: October 2020

The purpose of the work was to create the model of posttraumatic changes in the knee joint for the study of changes in the injured joint and elaboration of surgical and conservative methods acting on such changes. Experiments were conducted in three equal groups of animals (4 sheep in each group). Round injuries with 5 mm diameter and various depths were inflicted to the bearing surface of the medial femoral condyle. The animals were sacrificed in 1, 3 and
6 months after operation using narcosis overdosage. The obtained data were analyzed by anatomic- morphologic and histochemical methods. Formed posttraumatic structures in the articular cartilage and subchondral bone are constant and may be considered as signs of deforming arthrosis. According to the depth of injury and morphologic changes in the involved cartilaginous and bone articular tissues three degrees of osteoarthrosis are marked out. In every degree the injured joint may be used as a model for the choice of adequate therapy.
Experimental Morphologic Substantiation of Exogenous Nitric Monoxide Use for Gunshot Wounds Treatment
Authors: Berchenko G N , Shal'nev A N , Rykunov A V , Tatarenkov V I , Berchenko G N , Shal'nev A N , Rykunov A V , Tatarenkov V I
Published: October 2020

Influence of exogenous nitric monoxide (NO) on the process of reparative regeneration of gunshot wounds was evaluated during experimental morphologic study. Object of the study were 120 white rats. Use of NO-therapy for the treatment of experimental gunshot wounds normalized microcirculation, activated macrophages, increased proliferation and synthetic activity of fibroblasts, decreased dystrophic and necrotic changes in the wound tissues envirement. It also decreased secondary necrosis and, hence, promoted synthesis, maturation and remodeling of granulation tissue. The data obtained showed that NO-therapy could be recommended for clinical application to treat gunshot wounds in inflammatory and proliferative stages.
Twenty Years Experience in Large Joints Arthroplasty at specialized department of CITO named after N.N. Priorov
Authors: Zagorodniy N V , Nuzhdin V I , Kagramanov S V , Khoranov Yu G , Kudinov O A , Ayusheev D B , Kuz'min F A , Buravtsova M E , Chragyan Gamlet Ashotovich , Bukhtin K M , Erokhin P A , Nikolaev I A , Zagorodniy N V , Nuzhdin V I , Kagramanov S V , Khora-nov Yu G , Kudinov O A , Ayusheev D B , Kuz'min F A , Buravtsova M E , Chragyan G A , Bukhtin K M , Erokhin P A , Nikolaev I A
Published: October 2020

Experience in hip and knee arthroplasty (primary and revision) accumulated at CITO department for large joints arthroplasty during the period from 1990 to 2010 is presented. Dynamic of the development of that direction in traumatology and orthopaedics, i.e. perfection of implants and surgical technique, is shown. Typical difficulties and complications in primary and revision operations are noted. Elaborated at the department technique for acetabulum reconstruction at revision hip arthroplasty in patients with significant deficit of bone mass and disturbance of mechanical bone strength is described.
Diagnosis and Surgical Treatment of Benign Pelvic Tumors and Tumor-Like Diseases in Children
Authors: Snetkov A I , Frantov Anton Rudol'fovich , Morozov A K , Berchenko G N , Batrakov S Yu , Anisimov M V , Snetkov A I , Frantov A R , Morozov A K , Berchenko G N , Batrakov S Yu , Anisimov M V
Published: October 2020

Experience in diagnosis and treatment of benign pelvic tumors and tumor-like diseases in children was summarized. There were 104 patients, aged 2-18 years. Complex diagnosis included modern radiologic methods (CT, MRT, angiography). The treatment was performed taking into account the nosologic form and pathologic process volume. Vast resections of pelvic bones were performed in osteochondroma, fibrous dysplasia, chondromyxoid fibroma, solid form of aneurismal cyst as well as in aneurismal cysts in cases of failed paracentetic treatment. In tumors of small sized (osteoid-osteoma, osteoblastoma) surgical treatment was performed with computer navigation. Paracentetic treatment was applied in aneurismal cysts, eosinophilic granulema of bone as well as in residual cavities after failed previous interventions. In patients with aggressive aneurismal cysts roentgenendovascular embolization of pathologic vessels in combination with paracentetic treatment or endoscopic intervention were used. Follow-up ranged from 1 to 8 years. Recurrences were noted in 3 (6.4%) patients with aneurismal cyst.
Results of Bone Plasty with Allografts in Revision Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Zagorodniy N. V , Nuzhdin V. I , Bukhtin K. M , Kagramanov S. V
Published: October 2020

Results of 79 revision hip arthroplasties using bone defects plasty with allografts were analyzed. Plasty of defects in the zone of acetabulum was performed in 62 operations (group I), alloplasty of femoral defects - in 17 interventions (group II). Mean follow up period made up 5 (3-14) years. In group I excellent treatment results were recorded in 18 (29.03%) cases, good - in 23 (37.1%), satisfactory - in 15 (24.19%), poor - in 6 (9.68%) cases and in II group in 4 (23.53%), 6 (35.29%), 5 (29.41%) and 2 (11.76%) cases, respectively. It was shown that in revision arthroplasty application of allografts increased the risk of suppurative complication development while insertion of distal fixation revision stems enabled to avoid allograft application in femoral defects.
Intraneural Ganglion as the Cause of Compression-Ischemic Lesion of Peroneal Nerve in Children
Authors: Merkulov V. N , Imyarov Sh. D , Dorokhin A. I
Published: October 2020

Two clinical cases of peroneal nerve lesion (patients 13 and 16 years) resulted from intraneural ganglion are presented. It is shown that only radical surgical intervention including resection of tibiofibular junction, removal of communicating canal and nerve decompression using cyst dissection (Spinner technique) could prevent ganglion relapse. In first patient completely lost peroneal nerve function was restored by musculotendinous transposition.