bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Segmentation and quantification of solar PV losses using data-driven algorithms to help better design and operational monitoring
Authors: Chaudhary Pooja , Chiluveru Vijay Bhaskar
Published: July 2021

In the current scenario of increasing demand for solar Photo-voltaic (PV) systems, the need to predict their feasibility and monitor performance is more than ever. Although PV systems are known for their reliability, they are not above the damaging effects of their surroundings. Various lossy phenomena affect overall plant performance. In this paper, several of such losses, namely thermal, soiling, module degradation and inverter clipping, are discussed. Algorithms to evaluate these losses are proposed which are data-driven and empirical in nature. This is done as an effort to leverage the analytical capabilities provided by the plant data. The paper also compares the estimated losses with those obtained using the PVsyst simulation. As the latter is an independent industrial standard, it helps in understanding the ground reality of PV performance and insights for better operational monitoring. These insights are of immense business value and are aimed at optimizing performance and thereby revenue. As part of our asset management, all the solar PV plant components have sensors whose measurements are sent to the servers on a real-time basis. This is incorporated into our analytics portal which is used for operations and monitoring. The data used for this study is time-series in nature with a temporal least count of 5 minutes (instantaneous values spaced every 5min throughout the period of data capture). The actual data and its list of parameters is dependent on solar plant capacity and design site. For the reference dataset, a grid-connected solar rooftop PV plant in India was studied and its loss parameters were estimated. The plant components are discussed in the prologue of the results section. Solar PV is such a technology which has been enjoying increasing demand and this market scenario is quite favourable for innovation in energy research. This paper hopes to not only introduce the context of PV losses but also tries to engage the motivation to adopt data-driven and empirical methodologies to understand modern systems. This approach is better in the sense that it only gets better at prediction as time goes by and there is more data. Industrial research such as the above work in critical analysis of PV systems not only helps identify possible limitations but also suggest room for improvement. Since energy generation and project cost are key towards maximizing revenue, these estimation models aimed at predicting PV losses are to be deemed indispensable. As with any estimation, there is no one unique way of hitting the bull’s eye that is to know the exact value. The algorithms proposed above are very much dependent on the quality and quantity of data. However, the comparison between losses estimated using plant data and standard simulation using energy modelling can act as feedback towards improving the design and maintenance of such PV systems.
Connectivity Analysis of Underwater Optical Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Ghorban sabbagh Abbasali , Habibiyan Reza
Published: July 2021

In this paper, we analyze the connectivity in the underwater optical wireless networks in which similar nodes with a certain range and coverage angle, and random surface distribution are used. In our analysis, we first classify the nodes into two categories of nodes located in the inner area and nodes located in the border strip by defining the width of the border strip as the node range. Then, we conduct their connectivity analyses separately. Finally, by combining the mentioned analyses, we obtain closed form formulas to calculate the probability of connectivity (from orders 1 and 2). Moreover, by numerical evaluation, we will compare the results of the analyses with the results of computer simulation.
Unified Framework for the Analysis of the Effect of Control Policies on Automatic Voltage Regulators
Authors: Garcia Iker , Santana Roberto
Published: July 2021

With the advent of smart grids,
voltage fluctuation has increased, especially in active distribution networks
with a high penetration of distributed energy resources and a large deployment
of electric vehicles. In this context, on-load tap-changer (OLTC) distribution
transformers have become a key component, mainly because they provide automatic
voltage regulation capability. In order to maximise the lifetime of OLTC
devices, the number of tap operations should be minimised, avoiding unnecessary
changes, but ensuring the main requirement: to keep the voltage within the
limits permitted. Therefore, when the automatic mode is active, the control
policy followed by the automatic voltage regulator is decisive. This
paper presents a novel form of functional approximation of these
policies. Furthermore, by means of a unified framework, a methodology for the
simulation of policies based on control theory is proposed. The unified
framework has been validated using real data. The results confirm the ability
of the introduced framework to simulate different scenarios, optimising and
validating both existing and new policies by observing their
effect on transformer behavior. In addition, it allows the determination
of the best fit policies depending on characteristics such as the pre-selected
voltage set point or the voltage variation between transformer taps.
Distribution Analysis of Heavy Metal Contaminants in Soil With Geostatistic Methods; Paper Review
Authors: Daniel Maramis Stefan , Ernawati Rika , Bargawa Waterman Sulistyana
Published: July 2021

Heavy metal contaminants in the soil will have a direct effect on human life. The spatial distribution of naturally occurring heavy metals is highly heterogeneous and significantly increased concentrations may be present in the soil at certain locations. Heavy metals in areas of high concentration can be distributed to other areas by surface runoff, groundwater flow, weathering and atmospheric cycles (eg wind, sea salt spray, volcanic eruptions, deposition by rivers). More and more people are now using a combination of geographic information science (GIS) with geostatistical statistical analysis techniques to examine the spatial distribution of heavy metals in soils on a regional scale. The most widely used geostatistical methods are the Inverse Distance Weighted, Kriging, and Spatial Autocorrelation methods as well as other methods. This review paper will explain clearly the source of the presence of heavy metals in soil, geostatistical methods that are often used, as well as case studies on the use of geostatistics for the distribution of heavy metals. The use of geostatistical models allows us to accurately assess the relationship between the spatial distribution of heavy metals and other parameters in a map.
Analysis of the Effect of Stock Split on Abnormal Stock Return and Share Liquidity
Authors: Priatno Jerri , Freddy Freddy
Published: July 2021

Strong companies will not be too affected by news issues about stock splits, but several other companies that do stock splits actually experience a decline in demand for their shares. This study aims to analyze the effect of stock splits on abnormal stock returns and stock liquidity. In this study, the authors use quantitative research methods with a descriptive research approach, because there are variables to be examined and the relationship aims to describe the characteristics or behavior of a population in a systematic and accurate way regarding the relationship between the variables to be studied. The population in this study are companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, namely companies that carried out stock splits in 2019. Based on the results of research, the authors draw the following conclusions: Based on statistical tests on abnormal returns, it was found that market reactions occurred during the day after the stock split, the first day until the fourth day after the stock split. Based on the results of the different tests on Abnormal Returns before and after the stock split, it shows that there is a significant difference between the returns before and after the stock split. Based on the results of the different tests on the average TVA before and after the stock split, it shows that there is a significant difference between TVA before and after the stock split.
INTENSIFIED PLATE HEAT EXCHANGE DEVICE IN HEAT SUPPLY SYSTEMS OF THE HOUSING AND COMMUNAL SERVICES OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors: Kushchev L. A. , Uvarov V. A. , Savvin N. Yu. , Chuikin S. V.
Published: July 2021

Statement of the problem. The problem of intensification of heat exchange processes in a plate heat exchanger on the basis of the HH№ 02 heat exchanger of the Ridan company is discussed. It is essential to carry out an analysis of the existing methods of intensification of heat exchange processes in plate devices according to the results of the analysis to choose the most promising method of intensification of heat exchange process and based on it to develop a patent-protected design of a heat exchange plate. Laboratory tests of the intensified plate heat exchanger with increased turbulence of the coolant are performed. The results of thermal tests on a specialized laboratory installation of the resulting and the serial heat exchanger are presented.Results. The results of the comparison of experimental studies of the intensified plate heat exchanger with the increased turbulence of the heat carrier and the serial plate heat exchanger of identical heat power are shown. The graphs of dependence of the heat transfer coefficient, which is the major characteristic of the operation of heat exchange equipment, on the average temperature pressure are designed. Conclusions. As a result of the laboratory tests in the specialized laboratory of BSTU named after V. G. Shukhov and research at the Voronezh State Technical University established a rise in the heat transfer coefficient due to the increased turbulence of the coolant flow, which causes a decrease in metal consumption and reduces the cost of heat exchange equipment.
EMERGENCY VENTILATION OF CLEAN ROOMS
Authors: Popov V. M. , Barakov A. V. , Kuznetsov S. N.
Published: July 2021

Statement of the problem. In modern industry, clean room technology is commonly used to monitor the state of the air. The use of toxic gases in clean rooms might result in emergencies that call for emergency ventilation. In order to calculate the emergency air exchange, it is necessary to design a model of emergency air exchange considering a significant number of influencing factors. Results. The model of emergency air exchange for a clean room is developed based on the equation of material balance on the harmful gas allocated from the equipment in case of an emergency. The solution of the model of the emergency air exchange for a clean room is obtained allowing the concentrations of harmful gas to be calculated depending on a specific emergency. The properties of the resulting solution are investigated. The concept of accumulating capacity of the ventilated room is introduced and the influence of accumulating capacity on change of concentrations of harmful gas is evaluated.Conclusions. The performed calculations allow one to understand the processes of development of an emergency situation in a clean room more profoundly and to allow for these risks while designing emergency ventilation of clean rooms.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES OF WEARING AND TEARING OF ASPHALT CONCRETE SURFACING UNDER THE ACTION OF WATER PRESSURE IN MICROPORES
Authors: Volkov V. V. , Kozlov V. A. , Melkumov V. N.
Published: July 2021

Statement of the problem. The goal of this study is to identify the effect of wet surfacing on its wear and tear. The mechanism of influence of transport loading in the presence of moisture and experimental methods of measurement of its influence on wear and tear of the top layer of asphalt concrete are discussed. Results. The contribution of the presence of moisture in the upper layer of the pavement to its wear and tear in the form of track formation was identified, and the hydrodynamic effect of water in the micropores of the pavement was investigated. Experimental data on the values of water pressure in the pores of the asphalt-concrete pavement in the moistened state under the action of the wheels of the moving traffic flow were obtained. Therefore it became possible to identify the maximum values of the pressure effect, the depth of penetration of the fluid pressure front and its effect on the destruction of the surfacing.Conclusions. The analysis of the data showed not only the presence of brittle fracture, but also the impact of moisture moving in the pores of asphalt concrete, exceeding its structural strength. Using experimental data, regression dependences of the wear and tear value on the standard flow parameters were obtained. For the operated surfacings regression dependence enables one to predict the size of wear and tear for the whole life cycle of the road.
GESTÃO DOS PARÂMETROS DE ESTOQUE ESTUDO DE CASO DE UMA EMPRESA VAREJISTA DE AUTO PEÇAS
Authors: Ferreira Rodrigues Marina , Fialho de Oliveira Mário César , Werneck Silva de Oliveira Patrícia , Barbosa Douglas , Marazo Pinto Márcia
Published: July 2021

O objetivo dessa pesquisa é apresentar novos parâmetros de reposição de estoques de produtos de maior faturamento, especificamente as Bobinas de Ignição. Na Metodologia, estudou-se 31 famílias de produtos que são considerados os itens de estoque que estão disponíveis para venda no estoque da empresa estudada. Para tanto utilizou-se do Teorema de Pareto para classificar a família que representa maior valor de faturamento do mês de Agosto de 2020, então estudou-se um grupo de 25 itens de estoques da família das Bobinas de Ignição. A partir disso com base na filosofia de LEC (Lote Econômico de Compra) foi apresentado novos parâmetros de reposição de estoques. Os resultados encontrados na pesquisa mostram que a empresa apresenta uma parametrização de reposição de estoque falha, pois evidenciou-se que a empresa, desde o início de suas operações fez um investimento na compra de estoques no valor total de R$10.552,25, porém, se utilizasse corretos parâmetros de reposição de estoque o valor total investido seria de R$6.709,94, sendo assim possível analisar que a empresa investiu mais do que o necessário na compra de Bobinas de Ignição desde sua abertura, excedendo cerca de R$3.842,31 na compra de produtos indevidos.
VIABILIDADE DE IMPLANTAÇÃO DE TECNOLOGIAS DE CONTROLE DE ESTOQUE EM UMA INDÚSTRIA DE ALGODÃO NA ZONA DA MATA MINEIRA
Authors: Ferreira Machado Beatriz Cristina , Aquiles Machado Vieira Iago , Hernesto Mendes Alves Matheus , De Souza Cunha Rodolfo , Fialho de Oliveira Mário César Fialho de Oliveira
Published: July 2021

O presente estudo tem como objetivo principal analisar a viabilidade econômica da implantação de duas tecnologias de pesagem e etiquetação de fardos de algodão em uma empresa do setor têxtil localizada na Zona da Mata de Minas Gerais. Com o propósito de testar a viabilidade da implementação das tecnologias e sugerir qual delas será mais interessante através do cálculo de payback. Quanto à análise do resultado, evidenciou-se a tecnologia com menor tempo de retorno do investimento. O payback simples mostrou que seria atrativo fazer o investimento pelo fato de que, caso a empresa opte pela opção sugerida,  em menos de 9 meses a empresa já terá concluído os pagamentos e assim tendo o retorno do seu capital investido, o que está dentro do prazo de duração previsto para o projeto.
GESTÃO DA MANUTENÇÃO NA INDÚSTRIA 4.0
Authors: Costa da Silva Filho Luciano , Cavalari Zanela Heitor , Machado Filho Wilmar , Werneck Silva de Oliveira Patrícia , Silva Lopes Paulo Henrique
Published: July 2021

Este trabalho visa descrever os procedimentos e ferramentas existentes na indústria convencional, e a transição que vem ocorrendo em virtude das tecnologias emergentes em desenvolvimento no mercado para o cenário da indústria 4.0. A elaboração deste estudo comparativo consiste em conceituar o tema em questão de maneira objetiva, expondo as tecnologias vigentes no setor secundário atual em paralelo com a quarta revolução industrial. Nestas circunstâncias, a gestão da manutenção está em foco, visto que o dinamismo e confiabilidade da linha produtiva depende exclusivamente da preservação de seus maquinários e processos, o gerenciamento e planejamento deste setor deve estar em constante evolução. Tecnologias como Realidade aumentada, nuvem de dados, internet das coisas e big data são tecnologias responsáveis por versatilizar o futuro da indústria.
A EVOLUÇÃO DOS POLÍMEROS NA INDÚSTRIA AUTOMOBILISTICA
Authors: Duarte Marcos José , De Almeida Campos Filho Joecy , Fernandes Lanes de Sousa Lays , De Oliveira Silvano Zarur , Marazo Pinto Márcia
Published: July 2021

Este estudo analisa as vantagens da utilização dos materiais poliméricos em relação aos materiais que eram tradicionalmente utilizados na fabricação dos veículos. Entre algumas das vantagens encontradas, estão, redução do peso, redução da emissão de CO2 e aumento da resistência a corrosão.  A partir do ano de 1991, o plástico passou a ser um tipo material em destaque sendo um dos mais usados na indústria automotiva. Gradativamente, com a evolução da tecnologia e dos estudos sobre os polímeros e sua relação com os automóveis, o trabalho tem como objetivo central explorar a aplicação dos mesmos na indústria automotiva brasileira. Inicialmente é apresentada a evolução dos materiais poliméricos, fabricação e suas propriedades. Por fim será exposto o  crescimento desse material na indústria automobilística brasileira em épocas diferentes. O artigo apresenta dados informativos através de gráficos e quadros comparativos.
Towards the implementation of immersive technology in construction – a SWOT Analysis
Authors: Crawford Gontier Jamieson , Wong Peter S. P. , Teo Pauline
Published: July 2021

Whilst research of immersive technology has been growing, substantial efforts thus far have been scattered. Conflicting ideas and arguments from scholars provoke uncertainty and questions about the validity of these outputs in fostering more extensive implementation of immersive technology in the construction industry. Consequently, the direction for further developments in research remains unclear. This study aims to identify the status quo of immersive technology adoption in construction. A systematic review with thematic analysis was conducted. Common themes and concerns about the use of immersive technology in the construction are classified under the framework of SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats). The results indicate that whilst ‘strengths’ and ‘opportunities’ display a broad array of applications and functions that are derived from real benefits, a substantial amount of opportunities mentioned are driven by optimism. Alternatively, the results from ‘weaknesses’ and ‘opportunities’ identify several limitations involved in the uptake of immersive technology in the construction industry. Findings of this study provide vision that can help direct resources to those measures that can best meet the needs of construction industry. It is suggested that future resources are better to be put on integration with proven effective systems like Building Information Modelling (BIM) and Computer Aided Design (CAD) software. New developments should due consider the real demand of the industry.
Maturity-based mapping of technology and method innovation in off-site construction: conceptual frameworks
Authors: Suliman Alaeldin , Rankin Jeff
Published: July 2021

The construction industry has been associated with inefficiencies. In contrast, Off-Site Construction (OSC) is a modern method of construction that has demonstrated significant improvements over conventional on-site methods. Despite that, OSC represents a tiny portion of the construction industry with a limited rate of diffusion and acceptance. One reason for that is associated with the lack or immaturity of OSC-related research and innovation benchmarking. This benchmarking helps in expanding OSC implementation as a component in driving and directing OSC research as well as roadmapping and measuring the innovation advancements. Hence, this study was intended to contribute to the OSC benchmarking by mapping innovation that paves the road towards building a strategic research and innovation roadmap in OSC. Among different innovation types, this study is limited to two types: technology-oriented and OSC method-oriented innovation. Unlike the traditional roadmaps in the literature, the envisioned roadmap design for OSC innovation in this study is based on maturity modelling. This design includes four components: framework, maturity scales, benchmarks, and targets. However, the focus of the current stage is on the developing the mapping components (framework and maturity scales). Consequently, two sets of frameworks and maturity models were developed to realize the two identified innovation types in OSC. The applicability of these frameworks and scales was demonstrated through hypothetical examples and a case study that is limited to technology-oriented research in the Canadian context. Accordingly, the subsequent case study scope embraces the last three research community meetings (2015-2019) relevant to our study in the indicated context. Based on this case study, the framework was found easy to understand, simple to implement, scalable, applicable across different contexts, and facilitates capturing benchmarks and targets. This confirms promising benefits of the developed frameworks and their effectiveness in roadmapping OSC innovation.
COVID-19 E A SAÚDE DE PESSOAS EM SITUAÇÃO DE RUA EM UM ABRIGO EMERGENCIAL NA REGIÃO NORTE: UM RELATO DE EXPERIÊNCIA
Authors: Queiroz Gabriel Vinícius Reis de , Farias Gizele Paixão Pantoja , Monteiro Amanda Nogueira , Vasconcelos Ana Oneide Brito , Azevedo Antônio Henrique Pereira , Monteiro Kleber Thiago Pinheiro , Rosário Regina Marta Sousa do , Silva Otoniel Reis da , Matos Geyce Caroline Araújo , Pereira Felipe Gomes , Silva Milena da Conceição Aviz da , Alves Camila Ferreira , Alcolumbre José Efrain de Medeiros
Published: July 2021

A população em situação de rua pode ser considerada uma manifestação escancarada de questões sociais, sendo um público que vivencia a extrema vulnerabilidade social e constantemente tem seus direitos violados, inclusive o acesso à saúde, tornando-se uma população que merece atenção especial em meio a pandemia da COVID-19. Esta pesquisa teve o intuito de relatar a experiência de profissionais da saúde e da assistência social na execução do plano emergencial de atendimento às pessoas em situação de rua, no que tange os aspectos da saúde diante da pandemia da COVID-19 no município de Castanhal-PA. Para tanto, optou-se pelo método relato de experiência a fim de evidenciar as vivências ocorridas no abrigamento Ginásio Loiola Passarinho no período de março a julho de 2020 com as pessoas em situação de rua e os aspectos de saúde que permeiam o acolhimento. O abrigamento emergencial foi planejado pela Secretaria de Assistência Social de Castanhal-PA junto a diversas secretarias integradas com o objetivo de garantir os direitos fundamentais do público alvo, sobretudo como medida preventiva no enfrentamento à propagação da COVID-19. Para ingressar no abrigamento todos passaram pela triagem de saúde que compreendeu a anamnese, exames e testes rápidos e aconselhamentos em saúde. As atividades vivenciadas no plano, com destaque a questão sanitária, foram importantes para garantir a promoção, a proteção e defesa dos direitos inerentes ao público alvo. As ações de educação em saúde, foram primordiais para compreensão das pessoas em situação de rua sobre a COVID-19 e as medidas preventivas a serem adotadas.
COVID-19 DATA ANALYSIS AND PREDICTION OF INDIA
Authors: Shubham Sharma  , Chetan Sharma  , Shivansh Dwivedi
Published: July 2021

Words frustrated to specific our deep sense of feeling towards all UN agency have imparted their valuable time, energy and intellect towards the modification of state of our Analysis project entitled as, “Covid-19 Pandemic India”.
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Never can we have a tendency to tend to forget the taxing labor & pain taken by our H.O.D. & All Professors who’s taxing – operative nature, refined teaching & steering helped u. s. framing &
building this project & finally we have a tendency to tend to area unit appreciative to web.covid19india.org and their analysis Team for being directly or indirectly helpful to u. s. to create our project to be conferred to the college.
Formação inicial de professores de Matemática: um estudo de conceito sobre o Teorema Fundamental da Aritmética
Authors: Barbosa Gabriela dos santos
Published: July 2021

O presente artigo tem como foco a abordagem do Teorema Fundamental da Aritmética na formação inicial de professores de matemática numa universidade pública do Rio de Janeiro. Trata-se de um estudo de caso, que se baseia no modelo de estudo de conceito (concept study). Segundo esse modelo, os professores compartilham de forma colaborativa experiências e conhecimentos com o objetivo de questionar e reconstruir seus próprios conhecimentos sobre os conceitos matemáticos e seu ensino. Realizamos o estudo de conceito em quatro oficinas que precederam o início das aulas de uma disciplina dedicada à Teoria Elementar dos Números e os estudantes matriculados foram os sujeitos desta pesquisa. Entre os resultados, destacamos o entendimento dos licenciandos sobre os conceitos de: múltiplo e fator e suas propriedades, critérios de divisibilidade, números primos e decomposição em fatores primos. Ao final, eles passaram a considerar as propriedades advindas dos conceitos de múltiplo e fator para justificar os critérios de divisibilidade e a fazer uso da decomposição em fatores primos para simplificar cálculos. Refletindo sobre o ensino, concluíram que o fato de decompor um número em fatores primos não é uma garantia de que os estudantes da Educação Básica façam uso dessa decomposição para obter os seus fatores, simplificar cálculos, encontrar o m.m.c. ou o m.d.c. entre números. A fim de se garantir a atuação consciente e não mecanizada dos estudantes nessas ações, há que se desenvolver um trabalho em sala de aula que explore progressivamente as estruturas multiplicativas, isto é, a multiplicação de números naturais, suas propriedades e representações.
Vaccine against COVID-19
Authors: Picazo Juan J.
Published: July 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has produced a huge health, economic and psychological collapse in our society. Health workers have had to face one of the greatest challenges in history, trying to show the population how to deal with this disease. We have learned that vaccines are the great instrument for the fight against infectious diseases and a large number of them began to appear, not as a product of chance but as a product of the enormous progress experienced in recent years with vaccines against new infectious diseases, against other diseases such as Alzheimer’s and especially against cancer. All this knowledge has been applied to this disease. Practitioners lamented the little information available to them when asked questions from patients. This document wanted to be a response to these concerns, with a scientific desire, with evidence that put aside unverified data and hoaxes. Faced with an avalanche of information, most of it without the appropriate “peer review” as indicated in the introduction, any publication becomes obsolete at the time of publication, and we opted for an “online” publication, with the incorporation of versions. This online publication has been published in the documents of Spanish Society of Chemotherapy, at https://seq.es/vacunacion-covid-19
Molecular Insights into Beneficial Effects of Tea-Plant Growth and Selenium Enrichment by Herbaspirillum camelliae
Authors: Wei Cheng  , Xuejing Yu  , Xingguo Wang
Published: July 2021

Herbaspirillum camelliae WT00C, as a tea-plant endophytic bacterium, not only colonizes specifically in tea plants but also promotes tea-plant growth and selenium enrichment. Different from diazotrophic endophytes H. seropedicae, H. frisingense and H. rubrisubalbicans, H. camelliae WT00C does not display nitrogen-fixing activity. To understand the molecular mechanisms of promoting the growth of tea plant and Se-enrichment, we sequenced and annotated the genome of H. camelliae WT00C. The results showed that the genome was composed of 6,079,821 base pairs with a total of 5,537 genes. The genomic survey also revealed that H. camelliae WT00C was a multifunctional bacterium metabolizing a variety of carbon and nitrogen sources and defending against biotic and abiotic stress. Although this bacterium did not have intact nitrogen-fixing genes, its genome held the genes responsible for indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) biosynthesis, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deamination, siderophore synthesis, ammonia formation, urea metabolism, glutathione and selenocompound metabolisms. Biosynthesis of IAA, siderophore, ammonia, urea and ACC deaminase could explain why two bacterial strains promote tea-plant growth and development. Selenocompound metabolism in this bacterium might also benefit tea-plant growth and Se-enrichment. In addition, the genome of H. camelliae also contained a multitude of protein secretion systems T1SS, T3SS, T4SS and T6SS, in which T4SS did not exhibit in other members of the genus Herbaspirillum.
Sex hormones abnormalities in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: pathophysiological and clinical implications
Authors: Di Vincenzo Angelo , Russo Lucia , Doroldi Carlo Giovanni , Vettor Roberto , Rossato Marco
Published: July 2021

Obesity and metabolic syndrome are conditions at high risk for the development of complications such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The growing prevalence of NAFLD has recently raised attention in the clinical practice, due to the worsening prognosis observed in the affected patients. Sex hormones abnormalities, commonly found in subjects suffering from obesity and metabolic syndrome, have been recently hypothesized to be directly involved in the physiopathology of obesity-related comorbidites; however, their role in the pathogenesis of NAFLD remains unclear. In this review of the available literature, a summary of the knowledge about the role of sex steroids abnormalities in the risk of developing NAFLD was performed, mentioning the possible clinical implications for therapy.
Modeling of Discrete Contacts for the Thermodynamic Element System of a Modular Wood-Milling Cutter
Authors:   Design Bureau “Sevmash”, Kapustina Natalia , Malygin Vladimir ,   Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Melekhov Vladimir ,   Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Slutskov Vladimir ,   Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V. Lomonosov
Published: July 2021

Operational capability of a modular wood-cutting tool depends, besides many factors, on the design features of cutting element fastening unit. There are no clear and precise methods that explain major factors influencing tool durability for selecting the design of the modular wood-cutting tool, which would meet production requirements. Thermodynamics modeling under contact interaction of elements enables to choose a design for effective application and increases the tool efficient life. The research purpose is modeling of thermodynamic processes in the cutter element fastening unit in the wood-cutting tool body in order to optimize the design, technological parameters and operating modes of the tool. The research subject is the contact interaction conditions and heat transfer processes between the device elements. The cutting element fastening unit is designed and the model of interaction between the parts of the mechanism of the modular wood-milling tool is developed. Further tasks, namely, development of a model of thermodynamic processes in the cutting element fastening unit, discussion of the results and identifying the recommendations for choosing the design of the modular wood-cutting tool at the design stage were realized in a work that continues the ongoing research. The finite-element model of rough wavy surfaces contact interaction of design elements was developed on the basis of standard design of a shell-type plain woodmilling cutter. The analysis concluded that further analytical modeling of contact conditions with existing parameters is possible. The contacting surfaces approach and the radii of single contact areas were determined taking into account the data of design and calculation of wood cutting forces. These results will be used next in modeling of thermodynamic processes. Methodology and research methods comprise theoretical study and mathematical modeling, including finite-element analysis. The models developed are possible to be used in the creation of a complex durability model of the wood-cutting tool with regard to other factors. The main result of this research stage is obtaining the model of contact conditions and initial data for further modeling of thermodynamic processes in the knife fastening unit in the milling body to predict its thermal condition.
Criteria for Assessment of Plus Oak Stands
Authors:   All-Russian Research Institute of Forest Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Kostrikin Viktor , Shirnin Viktor ,   All-Russian Research Institute of Forest Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Kryukova Svetlana ,   All-Russian Research Institute of Forest Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology
Published: July 2021

In the Voronezh region the share of seed plantations is less than half of the area of oak forests. Therefore, the regeneration of high-quality forests of seed origin with improved hereditary characteristics is a major challenge. In the production of seeds of improved breeding categories, plus stands play an important role. They produce improved seeds, if minus trees are removed. Moreover, permanent forest seed plots which were planted by the plus stand offspring, produce seeds of the required breeding category. Current laws and regulations do not provide specific recommendations on selection of plus stands. To address this issue and establish the criteria by which such forest stands should be selected we examined all the best stands containing plus trees in the Voronezh region (those that are candidates for plus stands). The frequency of occurrence of plus trees varies from 2 to 10 trees per 10 ha. We took the average value as the minimum to classify the forest plot as a plus stand. Marking forest stands as plus stands based on selection inventory data is recommended regardless of the time of the forest management fieldwork. Besides this, we performed a detailed inventory of the plus stand in the quadrant 41 of the Krasnoye divisional forestry area in the Vorontsovskoye forestry area on the area of 10.7 ha. The study was carried out on 10 trial plots (1 ha each), where a selection inventory was conducted, as well as an inventory of trees by technical assessment with a detailed description of each oak specimen by inventory characteristics, condition and the presence of flaws. The data obtained by selection inventory with identification of “good trees” (sum of plus and normally best trees) correlate with distribution of trees by technical assessment categories. The identified patterns can be used for selection inventory of oak plantations. We recommend to place stands in a category of plus stand if their forest density ranges from 0.7 to 0.9, more than 35 % of the trees have commercial wood and if this plot has at least one plus tree per two ha. Restoring oak forests with acorns harvested from plus stands will improve the quality of forest plantations.
Growth and State of Mixed Stands of Forest Plantations of the Kamennaya Steppe
Authors:   Research Institute of Agriculture of the Central Black Soil Strip named after V.V. Dokuchaev, Turusov Victor , Chekanyshkin Alexey ,   Research Institute of Agriculture of the Central Black Soil Strip named after V.V. Dokuchaev, Lepekhin Alexandr ,   Research Institute of Agriculture of the Central Black Soil Strip named after V.V. Dokuchaev
Published: July 2021

By now, a vast amount of experimental material has been accumulated in the field of protective afforestation of the Central Chernozem Region of Russia, which allows estimating the stability and longevity of various trees and shrubs in different environmental conditions. Good growth and high vitality of woody vegetation largely depend on growing conditions and are determined primarily by the relationship between species (individuals within a species) when they are placed in the forest area and the type of terrain. The researchdifferent combinations in tree and shrub mixing schemes and unequal location by types of terrain. The study was carried out in mature (115–118-year-old) forest strips laid out by the staff of the Kamennaya Steppe experimental forestry G.F. Morozov and N.A. Mikhailov on the territory of the Kamennaya Steppe (Voronezh region, Talovsky district) using archival materials, scientific works of the authors of this article and the employees of the Department of Agroforestry. A comparative analysis of the materials of forest survey work carried out in protective forest plantations created according to the tree-shrub type of mixing on different types of terrain revealed an excess of biometric indicators of tree species growing on the upland type of terrain over those on the slope. It is shown that the initial percentage of participation of English oak is a significant, but not always decisive factor in the creation of oak plantations. They can also be grown with a smaller proportion of this species in the culture, but in this case, timely thinning will be of paramount importance. Over time, there have been significant changes in the composition of plantations, the number of trees and their valuation indicators. There are no viable ash and elm specimens left in the upper tier of the stands. They are severely damaged by stem pests. Certain tree species are damaged by the following pests: common ash by large ash bark beetle (Hylesinus crenatus) and ash bark beetle (Hylesinus fraxini); elm species by cambium-feeding beetles (large elm bark beetle (Scolytus scolytus), European elm bark beetle (Scolytus multistriatus), and pygmy elm bark beetle (Scolytus pygmaeus); English oak by gold pit oak splendour beetle (Chrysobothris affinis), oak borer (Agrilus angustulus), longhorn beetle (Plagionotus detritus), and European oak bark beetle (Scolytus intricatus). The predominant number of trees of all tree species belongs to the categories of limited viable and inviable.
Effect of 6-Week Functional Training on Speed and Agility of Basketball Players
Authors: Ambuja Bhardwaj  , Lokendra Bahadur Kathayat
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Basketball is a game which includes high intensity activities like dribbles, sprints andscreens, these activities require change of direction and sprinting ability. Functional training whichincludes low load training and closed kinematic chain activities tends to improve motor skills. Theathletes with finer skills are less prone to injury and hold a better chance at scoring.Objectives: The main objective of this study is to observe the effect of six week functional training onspeed and agility in basketball players.Method: Based on inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria 20 subjects of 18-24 years were selectedby random Sampling and Informed consent was taken. Pre-exercise tests were performed before thebeginning of training and it included field tests to evaluate lower extremity power and agility then asix-week-long Functional training program was applied, followed by post-exercise tests.Statistical Analysis: Data was meaningfully assorted through calculation of Mean and SD and Paired‘t’test was applied at the p<0.05for the comparison within the groups for the variable speed and agility.
Comparitive Study of Effect of Moist Pack V/S Effect of Core Strengthening Exercises in Primary Dysmenorrhea for Three Consecutive Months
Authors: Himani Parikh  , Sana Mohamadhanif Khokhar  , Sahistabanu Aiyyubmiya Kazi
Published: July 2021

Background: Primary dysmenorrhea is considered the most common gynaecologic disorder amongyoung females. Primary dysmenorrhea is defined as painful and difficult menstrual flow in the absenceof any pelvic disorders.Objective: The study was carried out to examine the effect of Heat application on relieving pain ofprimary dysmenorrhea, examine the effect of core strengthening exercises on relieving pain of primarydysmenorrhea, compare between heat application and core strengthening exercises on relieving pain ofprimary dysmenorrhea among young femalesMethodology: Subjects Included in the study were between 25_35 years with primary dysmenorrheaselected from female. Three tools were used in this study, tool one: interviewing questionnaire whichinclude; socio demographic data, menstrual history. Tool two; assessment of dysmenorrheal symptoms.Tool three; WALLID SCORE Scale. random sample was used to select the participants of the study,total sample was 50 females.Results: P-value of group 2 is less than P-value of group 1 , we conclude that dataset of group 2 is moresignificant, and it means that Core Strengthening exercises is more statistically significant to reducedegree of pain in dysmenorrhea.Conclusion: core strengthening exercises (Group 2) was effective in reducing pain of dysmenorrhea ascompared with moist pack application (Group 1) this clearly observed in reduction in the mean of painscoring in group 1 after 4 weeks, and reduction the mean of pain scoring in group 2 after 8 weeks butthe great improvement in pain scoring was observed in group 2 at the end of 12 weeks.
The Effectiveness of Trigger Point Release in Myofascial Pain of Calf Muscle
Authors: Mohammed Ahmed Qasheesh  , Mallela Bharath Kumar  , Bhuvanesh Babu Mondey Ganesan  , Kondajutur Neelima Sarah
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Myofascial pain syndrome is one among common disorder in the world population. In astudy on patients with pain complaints, 31% had acute trigger points in all age groups and both sexes.Objective: To find whether there is any additional benefit when trigger point release technique is givenalong with phonophoresis than phonophoresis alone in reducing myofascial pain of Calf muscle.Method: The study is experimental in nature. Thirty samples were selected, using simple randomsampling method and were divided into equal groups. Pretest measurement was taken for pain usingvisual analogue scale. After the pretest experimental group one, received phonophoresis with triggerpoint release techniques and experimental group two received phonophoresis alone once a day for aperiod of seven days. Posttest measurements were recorded for both the experimental groups at the endof the seventh days.Result: The data was subjected to statistical analysis and the following results were obtain.Phonophoresis and Trigger point release technique is significantly effective in reducing myofascialpain of Calf muscle. Phonophoresis is also significantly effective in reducing myofascial pain of Calfmuscle. Phonophoresis with Trigger point release technique is significantly more effective in reducingmyofascial pain of Calf muscle than phonophoresis alone.Conclusion: The results of the study makes us to conclude that Phonophoresis with Trigger point releasetechnique is significantly effective in reducing myofascia pain of Calf muscle than phonophoresis alone.
Management of Faecal Incontinence by Pelvic Floor Muscle Exercise and Behavioral Trainning- A Case Study
Authors: Vinal Charpot  , Minal Bhavsar
Published: July 2021

Background: Fecal incontinence is the inability to control the release of bowel content. Also calledbowel incontinence, fecal incontinence ranges from an occasional leakage of stool while passing gasto a complete loss of bowel control. However, successful management of women diagnosed with fecalincontinence dependent on a proper assessment and a tailored made plan. This case study aims to showthe effectiveness of physiotherapy treatment in a 45-year-old patient diagnosed with fecal incontinence.Methods: The patient was taught the kegel exercise and provided with a behavioral training programme.Improvement was noted at the end of the 3 month of physiotherapy treatment plan and the patient nolonger had any involuntory leakage episodes.Conclusions: The case study shows the successful outcome of physiotherapy management in a patientwith fecal incontinence.
Assessment of Hand Function in Post Stroke Patients Using ‘Jebsen Taylor Hand Function Test’
Authors: Nidhi Ladha  , Gargi Gaidhani
Published: July 2021

Aim: After stroke, the majority of stroke survivors experience significant arm-hand impairments anda decreased use of the paretic arm and hand in daily life. The actual use of the affected hand in dailylife performance depends on the severity of the arm-hand impairment and is associated with perceivedlimitations in participation. Severity of arm-hand impairment is also associated with a decrease ofhealth-related quality of life, restricted social participation, and subjective well-being.Thus the studyaims to assess the hand function using Jebsen Taylor Hand function test among patients post stroke.Methodology: Hand function was assessed using the Jebsen Taylor Hand Function Test,which includedseven tasks to be performed by the subjects.Hand function was assessed in 22 post stroke patients whohad experienced the stroke event at least 6 months prior.Results: Out of the seven activities performed by 22 patients,the time required for all the activitiesis given as follows (highest to lowest) –Writing, Simulated feeding, Small; common objects, Cardturning, Checkers, Light; heavy objects, Large; light objects.Conclusion: Overall the study showed that the writing activity required the most amount of time for allthe subjects. The study also concludes that the time duration required is greater for the non-dominanthand compared to the dominant hand for all the above mentioned activities.
To Study the Relationship Satisfaction and Degree of Loneliness in Romantic Relationships
Authors: Saba Aziz  , Ansab Chaudhary  , Nazia Ali
Published: July 2021

Background: Romantic relationship satisfaction is defined as an interpersonal evaluation of thepositivity of feelings for one’s partner and attraction to the relationship. Relationship satisfaction ispositively related to life satisfaction and subjective well-being. The satisfaction and dissatisfactionin romantic relationship may contribute to different features such as loneliness, communication andcloseness in a relationship. So it is necessary for us to understand the prevalence of loneliness andcommunication in ones relationship and their level of satisfaction. The aim of the study is to assessthe level of satisfaction and dissatisfaction in romantic relationship and to find the degree of perceivedloneliness in romantic relationship.Methods: A total of 50 participants participated in the study, out of which 40% were male and 10% werefemale. Relationship Assessment Scale, Relationship Satisfaction Scale, UCLA Loneliness Scale wereused to assess the Relationship status, Relationship satisfaction and degree of Loneliness respectively.Findings of our study suggested that most of the participants had poor relationship status (80%); theywere extremely dissatisfied with their relationship (94%) and reported high degree of loneliness (68%).Conclusion: The study concluded that the poor is romantic relationship status the lonelier one will feel.Some of the common dissatisfying features in romantic relationships are worry about the relationship,worry about the future, a lack of time, conflict and stress, expectations and love from partner in therelationship doesn’t meet and these factors leads to feeling of loneliness. As an Occupational Therapistwe can intervene and plan out the strategies to decrease the level of loneliness and dissatisfaction inorder to improve the relationship.