bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Social work in global concept and the need for development of the international placement program at Hanoi National University of Education
Authors: Ngo Thi Thanh Mai
Published: January 2022

The context of globalization has created social change and interdependence between countries. Many social issues have transcended national boundaries and become internationa issues such as poverty, environment, migration, epidemics, etc., which have created new requirements for social work and social work education. International placement play an important role in the social work educational to improve the cultural capacity of social work students so that they can adapt to the new context and be able to solve domestic and international social problems. The article focuses on clarifying the requirements for social work in the context of globalization and the need in developing the international placement program. Besides, the author will give some suggestions to develop an effective international internship program at Hanoi National University of Education (HNUE)
Pemetaan Potensi Seni dan Budaya untuk Mendukung Industri Pariwisata
Authors: Kumoro Nindyo Budi , Kewuel Hipolitus Kristoforus , Sutopo Dhanny S , Apriwan Franciscus , Ismanto Manggala , Faidlal A. , Setiawan Romy
Published: January 2022

The majority of tourism objects in East Java still rely on artificial and nature-based tourism. As a result, there is an impression that the potential in the society in art and culture has not been optimized for the tourism industry. This service was intended in the context of optimization through exploring the potential of art and culture to support the tourism industry in East Java. This service also aimed to produce mapping data on the potential of cultural arts in the context of creating a directory of arts and culture in Malang Raya. Malang Raya will be used as a pilot project before it can be developed throughout East Java. The data collection method was focused on field studies based on the study of the PPKD (Pokok Pikiran Kebudayaan Daerah) documents for each region, while focus group discussions (FGDs) and field observations were also conducted. The results of the community service program showed that the potential of Malang Raya culture and arts could be compiled online and included in the PPKD mapping document.
A Bibliometric Analysis of Accounting in the Blockchain Era
Authors: Rahmawati Mia Ika , Subardjo Anang
Published: January 2022

Research aims: This study aims to conduct a comprehensive accounting and blockchain analysis with a bibliometric study.Design/Methodology/Approach: The sample consisted of 67 documents published in the 2017-2021 period using the Scopus database with keywords: accounting and blockchain. This study utilized VOSviewer software to provide graphical analysis of bibliometric data and visualization of research results.Research findings: From the visualization, three main groups (colors) of nine clusters were generated. The red area consists of topics related to blockchain technology, ledger technology, and Bitcoin. The green cluster area includes keywords related to the application and the design science research methodology. Lastly, the blue area focuses on accountants and millennial accountants. From the network analysis results, it can be stated that accountants and millennial accountants accepted the presence of blockchain technology. They could integrate blockchain into the company's business model and make their work easier. From these findings, a research methodology emerged, especially in conducting blockchain research, namely the design science research approach.Theoretical contribution/Originality: With the new and hyped topic of blockchain in the accounting sphere, the bibliometric analysis would be able to review multiple studies efficiently and offer a systematic, transparent, and replicable literature review. Also, it guides researchers to the most influential works and maps areas of research with less subjective bias. Besides, it enables analysis more objectively and reliably and improves the quality of the review.
The Russian Far East during the Perestroika
Authors: Vashchuk Angelina
Published: January 2022

The publication describes the main changes in Soviet foreign policy in the APR and trends in the state of society and power in the Russian Far East during the years of perestroika, and draws a conclusion on the influence of late Soviet reforms on the destruction of socio-political unity. Far Easterners, including party and state leaders, showed an ambiguous reaction to the challenge of perestroika. Their character changed with the manifestation of the multilayered consequences of the reforms. The long-term state program for the development of the Far East developed in 1987 was an attempt by reformers and Gorbachev personally to ease social tension in the region and at the same time strengthen the position of the USSR in the APR. But in terms of its implementation indicators, it turned out to be the worst in Soviet history. The process of maturation of the situation of transition from the state of social stratification of society towards the social split in the region is highlighted.
The Far East in the Middle Age
Authors: Ivliev Aleksander
Published: January 2022

This chapter describes the history of the Russian Far East in the Middle Ages. This period begins with the spread of the Mohe tribes in Primorye and Amur region. The most important of them were Heishui (Amur) Mohe and Sumo Mohe. The Sumo Mohe created the Bohai state in 698. It was the first early state on this territory. The Bohais had towns, a developed culture. On the territory of Primorye, the most famous site is the Kraskino town. In 926, the Bohai were conquered by the Khitan, who created a subordinate territory as a vassal state. From the 10th century there where Jurchens appear. They created the Golden (Jin) Empire in 1115. The empire included almost all of Northern China, Primorye and Amur region. The Jurchens had a large culture, they built cities, and had their own written language. More than a hundred cities and fortresses existed on the territory of Primorye alone. At the beginning of the 13th century during the Mongol invasion of Jin, a buffer Jurchen of the Eastern Xia states (1215—1233) was created on the territory of Primorye. After the death of the Jin Empire, these lands gradually fell into desolation.
Transit Frequency Optimization in Bi-modal Networks Using Differential Evolution Algorithm
Authors: MUTLU Mehmet Metin , AKSOY İlyas Cihan , ALVER Yalçın
Published: January 2022

This study proposes a bi-level optimization model for the transit frequency setting problem in bi-modal networks. The objective of the upper-level problem is to obtain a solution set of bus line frequencies that provide the minimum total travel cost of the car and bus users. Differential Evolution (DE) algorithm is employed in the upper-level model to determine the optimal headways for a given route structure. The lower-level model is a congested multi-modal user equilibrium assignment model, which considers the interactions of car and bus flows, for determining joint mode/route preferences of the network users, which considers the interactions of car and bus flows. The developed model is tested on Mandl's benchmark network to evaluate its performance and applicability. The comparative experiments demonstrate that the proposed model leads to reductions in transportation costs. Also, the results of numerous optimization runs show that DE performs well in finding similar frequency sets in independent optimizations.
Initial computed tomography features of known inpatient ward versus intensive care admission COVID-19 cases: is there any difference?
Authors: UNAL Ozlem , KOÇ Ural , ÖZKAN Erdem , HASANOĞLU İmran , SUREL Aziz Ahmet , GÜNER Rahmet
Published: January 2022

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate initial computed tomography (CT), basic clinical and demographic features of cases with COVID-19 pneumonia with known inpatient ward and intensive care unit hospitalization.
Methods: A total of 200 cases (103 males, 97 females; age range: 18-92 years) were retrospectively and randomly collected whom were hospitalized and followed up at infectious disease inpatient ward and intensive care unit (ICU). The initial CT findings were interpreted by two radiologists at the same session by consensus.
Results: Cough (61%) and fever (54%) were the main symptoms at the onset presentation. Initial chest CT imaging revealed that 79.5% ground-glass opacities. Bilateral distribution (62.5%), peripheral and central distribution (45.5%), dorsal and ventral involvement (52.5%) were identified in all cases. CT features predominantly were at right and left lower lobes (69.5%, 62.5%; respectively). Cases with known ICU admission had statistically significant differences with inpatient ward admission cases in regards to CT features included mixed GGO and consolidation, bronchial wall thickening, pleural effusion, subpleural band, emphysema, coronary calcification, cardiothoracic ratio, aorta diameter.
Conclusions: Initial CT features may be helpful for foreseeing admission to ICU as in clinical features.
The Relationship between Systemic Racism, Residential Segregation, and Racial/Ethnic Disparities in COVID-19 Deaths in the United States
Authors: Franz Berkeley , Parker Ben , Milner Adrienne , Braddock II Jomills H.
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Although Black Americans are not substantially more likely to be diagnosed with COVID-19, hospitalization rates and death rates are considerably higher than for White Americans. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between systemic racism generally, and residential segregation in particular, and racial/ethnic disparities in deaths due to COVID-19.Methods: To assess racial disparities in COVID-19 and systemic racism in US states, we calculated descriptive statistics and bivariate Pearson correlations. Using data on deaths through December 2020, we developed a weighted logistic mixed model to assess whether state-level systemic racism generally and residential segregation, in particular, predicted the probability of COVID-19 deaths among Americans, con­sidering key sociodemographic factors.Results: Residential segregation is a stronger predictor of COVID-19 deaths among Black Americans, as compared to systemic racism more generally. Looking at the interac­tion between residential segregation and COVID-19 death rates by race, residential segregation is associated with negative outcomes for Black and White Americans, but disproportionately impacts Black state residents (P<.001), who have 2.14 times higher odds of dying from COVID-19 when residential segregation is increased.Conclusion: To understand and address disparities in infectious disease, researchers and public health practitioners should ac­knowledge how different forms of systemic racism shape health outcomes in the United States. More attention should be given to the mechanisms by which infectious disease pandemics exacerbate health disparities in areas of high residential segregation and should inform more targeted health poli­cies. Such policy changes stand to make all American communities more resilient in the face of new and emerging infec­tious diseases. Ethn Dis. 2022;32(1):31-38; doi:10.18865/ed.32.1.31
Metadados e padrão de metadados para editoras universitárias brasileiras
Authors: Amaral Fátima Beatriz Manieiro do , Arakaki Ana Carolina Simionato , Furnival Ariadne Chloe Mary
Published: January 2022

Introdução: As editoras universitárias constituem um campo cultural muito produtivo, em especial para a comunicação e divulgação científica. Através de discussões da área, a utilização das Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação e de metadados se torna pauta a fim de que os livros publicados sejam recuperáveis, isto é, encontráveis e acessíveis na Web. Objetivo: Sendo assim, pretende-se elaborar uma discussão sobre os benefícios da adoção de um padrão de metadados por editoras universitárias e a apresentação do ONIX for Books, padrão de metadados editoriais utilizado globalmente. Método: Este trabalho consiste em uma pesquisa exploratória e descritiva, de cunho qualitativa, realizado a partir de levantamento bibliográfico e documental. Resultados: Verificou-se na literatura a importância e benefícios da adoção de um padrão de metadados para a representação de recursos informacionais, com destaque para o ONIX for Books já que é um padrão rico e amplamente adotado nacional e internacionalmente. Conclusões: Para as editoras universitárias, utilizar um padrão de metadados para a descrição de seus livros ou recursos informacionais é urgente, uma vez que garantem a interoperabilidade e recuperação por lojas em plataformas digitais, bibliotecas e bases de dados, chegando mais facilmente ao usuário-cliente final.
Panorama da Biblioteconomia e Ciência da Informação com os impactos dos recursos tecnológicos em tempos de pandemia
Authors: Santos Gildenir Carolino
Published: January 2022

Chegamos a mais uma edição, e em dezoito anos de existência, completados neste ano, a RDBCI só tem a comemorar com a edição publicada. Pelo segundo ano de pandemia, conseguimos manter o ritmo de trabalho on-line e aprimorando cada vez mais com a edição completa com os vídeos editados e publicados sobre comentários dos autores sobre seus artigos. A temática desta vez, é sobre o “Panorama da Biblioteconomia e Ciência da Informação com os impactos dos recursos tecnológicos em tempos de pandemia”. Assim, nesta edição tivemos a publicação de cinco trabalhos focados na Pandemia e COVID-19. Como dito, pelo segundo ano de pandemia, vimos que tanto a Biblioteconomia quanto a Ciência da Informação foram indispensáveis para o apoio e desenvolvimento informacional, e que os impactos dos recursos tecnológicos fizeram grande diferença dando continuidade do trabalho que garantidamente era feito 100% presencial, foi absorvido e complementado pelo ambiente on-line, tornando possível a realização de muitas pesquisas. (Continue lendo no texto completo...).
The Trend of Critical Thinking Studies in Biology Education through Online Learning: A Systematic Review
Authors: Nuri Ayu Rahma Ulfa , Sajidan Sajidan , Ramli Murni
Published: January 2022

Biology teachers and students in society 5.0 are expected to show critical thinking skills (CTS) in solving problems or making decisions. Thus, it is important to know how the CTS are nurtured through online learning. The trend of studies on these issues needs to be explored. This research aims to map the trend of studies on nurturing the CTS through online learning by reviewing some articles published within 2018-2020, considering 1) the online learning, 3) topics in biology, 4) teaching methods, and 5) instruments of CTS. Following the systematic review of the PRISMA Method, articles were screened from Google Scholar. The keywords were "critical thinking", "biology education", "online learning", and "Indonesia", which resulted in 23 articles to be further reviewed. The findings show that CTS's research trends using online learning have increased due to the COVID-19 pandemic that requires students and teachers to distance studies. The most used online learning was digital learning. The researchers used various topics in biology to measure students' CTS using online learning but mainly genetics and cell biology. The most widely used teaching method is blended learning and online discussion which various learning models can combine learning methods or learning media. The test is mainly used as an instrument to measure CTS with various indicators presented by experts. Research on CTS using online learning needs to be further explored to increase the quality of the study
Rancang Bangun Sistem Informasi Donor Darah (SIMORA) Di PMI Kota Surakarta
Authors: Yudhanto Yudho
Published: January 2022

Abstrak 

Masyarakat yang hendak melakukan donor darah seringkali mengalami kerepotan dalam pengisian form pendonor. Hal ini dikarenakan Palang Merah Indonesia (PMI) atau Mobile Unit PMI belum mempunyai sistem registrasi pendonor yang dilakukan secara tersisteminasai dan terhubung pangkalan data pedonor yang dapat diakses dengan cepat. Perlunya menemukan cara utnuk memecahkan permasalahan yang ada dengan menyediakan sebuah program sistem informasi donor darah yang dapat digunakan untuk melakukan pendataan dan registrasi. Sistem Informasi Donor Darah berbasis Web merupakan sebuah cara untuk menampilkan halaman registrasi untuk pendonor sehingga diharapkan masyarakat dapat melakukan registrasi donor darah lebih cepat dan dikembangkan dengan metode waterfall. Dengan menggunakan bahasa pemrograman PHP, database MySQL dan framework CodeIgniter dalam pembangunan sistem informasi donor darah berbasis web. Hasil penelitian bahwa aplikasi dapat digunakan untuk mendata pendonor darah di kota Surakarta yang di kelola oleh Palang Merah Indonesia kota Surakarta.

=================================

Abstract

People who want to donate blood often experience difficulties in filling out donor forms. This is because the Palang Merah Indonesia (PMI) or the PMI Mobile Unit does not yet have a donor registration system that is carried out systematically and connected to a donor database that can be accessed quickly. a solution to solve existing problems by providing a blood donor information system program that can be used for data collection and registration is needed. The Web-based Blood Donor Information System is a way to display the registration page for donors so that it is hoped that the public can register blood donors more quickly and is developed using the waterfall method. By using the PHP programming language, MySQL database and CodeIgniter framework in the development of a web-based blood donor information system. The results showed that the application can be used to register blood donors in the city of Surakarta which is managed by the Indonesian Red Cross in the city of Surakarta.
STUDI LITERATUR PEMBELAJARAN INKUIRI TERBIMBING TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS IPA SMP
Authors: Indawati Herdianna , Sarwanto Sarwanto , Sukarmin Sukarmin
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan guna mengkaji berbagai literatur mengenai model inkuiri terbimbing sebagai solusi guna tingkatkan keahlian berpikir kritis IPA SMP Negeri 4 Mojokerto. Bersumber pada hasil yang diperoleh dari hasil wawancara dengan guru, kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa masih terkategori rendah, dibuktikan dengan siswa yang pasif dalam memberikan jawaban dikala guru memberi pertanyaan. Masalah-masalah yang ada pada siswa membuat siswa menjadi kesulitan dalam menjelaskan uraian dasar, membangun keahlian dasar, merumuskan kesimpulan, membuat uraian lebih lanjut serta membuat strategi dan taktik, tidak hanya itu pada proses pembelajaran hanya mencermati penjelasan guru tanpa menghubungkan konsep-konsep yang dipelajari. Proses pembelajaran oleh guru sudah disesuaikan pada kurikulum 2013 yaitu pembelajaran discovery learning, namun pada kenyataannya guru hanya menjelaskan di depan kelas. Instrumen yang digunakan yaitu tes wawancara untuk guru dan siswa kelas delapan SMP Negeri 4 Mojokerto. Metode yang digunakan yaitu studi literatur dan wawancara. Berdasarkan hasil studi literatur diperlukan pemecahan guna mengatasi permasalahan tersebut dengan mempraktikkan model pembelajaran inkuiri terbimbing.
PRIMARY MEDIASTINAL YOLK SAC TUMOR: A RARE CASE
Authors: Ismida Fitri Dewi , Yanti Budi
Published: January 2022

Background. Yolk sac tumor is a subtype of germ cell tumor which is highly malignant. Mediastinal Yolk sac tumor is also an extragonadal germ cell tumor which is extremely rare and is common in children and young adults. We report a case of a Yolk Sac Tumor in the anterior mediastinum in a 21-year-old male patient.

Case. A case of Yolk Sac Tumor in a 21-year-old man with complaints of shortness of breath and chest pain experienced for ± 2 weeks. The CT scan showed the soft tissue with high-density thorax in the anterior mediastinum. The Levels of Alpha Feto Protein (AFP) 2,000 ng / mL and Beta-Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (B-HCG) 1.20 mIU / mL. Macroscopically, it appears brownish-gray tissue with a volume of 0.5 ccs. Typical histopathological examination reveals a Yolk Sac tumor.

Conclusion. Yolk Sac Tumor as a Mediastinal primary tumor is a rare tumor. The diagnosis must be made not only based on histopathological examination but also based on the patient's age and elevated serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and Beta-Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (B-HCG). Despite there is modern chemotherapy, the prognosis for these tumors is highly poor.

Keywords . Yolk sac tumor, mediastinum, germ cell.
Knowledge of Anxiety in Midwives in the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Sya'bin Nurul
Published: January 2022

The incidence of COVID-19 cases continues to increase day by day so that health workers as the front line are increasingly under pressure due to the increasing workload, worrying about their health, and their families[1]. One thing that can cause health workers to experience increased anxiety, one of which is the lack of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) in the workplace[2]. Health workers are at risk of experiencing psychological disorders in treating Covid-19 patients due to feelings of depression, the main cause of which is self-protection which is still less than the needs of health workers[3]. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors that influence the anxiety of midwives during the COVID-19 pandemic at the Bekasi District Hospital in 2021. This study used adesign cross sectional. The population of all midwives in the Bekasi Regency General Hospital is 48 people. The samplingused was techniquepurposive sampling technique by stating several criteria. If it does not meet the inclusion criteria, it is not used. Data analysis using chi square and logistic regression. The results of the statistical test of the knowledge factor with anxiety in midwives during the COVID-19 pandemic using chi square got a value of sig = 0.01. The conclusion of this study is that knowledge has a relationship between knowledge and anxiety in midwives during the COVID-19 pandemic at the Bekasi District Hospital in 2021.
LANGUAGE OF PERSUASION IN ONLINE MARKETING OF COSMETIC PRODUCTS: A GLANCE OF NETNOGRAPHY IN PRAGMATICS
Authors: Septianasari Lina , Baihaqi Yasmika , Abqoriyyah Fourus Huznatul , Syaputri Wuri
Published: January 2022

Online marketing was extensively chosen as the most efficient option to shop during Covid-19 pandemic. Due to the prompt expansion of the digital era, a seller should be creative in using language to persuade buyers. This research aimed to investigate the use of speech acts and persuasion by cosmetics marketers in social commerce to persuade online shoppers. This descriptive research used netnography with pragmatics approach to answering the research questions. Data were collected from Facebook and Instagram by using manual netnography techniques which then scraped into excel as the corpus. After that, the data were analyzed by using the taxonomy of speech acts and persuasion categories. The results show that the use of directive speech acts dominates the persuasion in online marketing of cosmetic products. However, the various type of speech acts and persuasion were used by the online cosmetic sellers as a strategy to promote their products.
BAGAIMANA MENGENALKAN DIALEK KEPADA PEMBELAJAR BAHASA INGGRIS
Authors: Wibowo Agus Hari , Santosa Riyadi , Wiratno Tri , Djatmika Djatmika
Published: January 2022

The article discusses how variations of English are introduced to teenage Indonesian English learners through coursebooks for students of high schools. English language units representing such vatiants were collected from five coursebooks for high schools. The collected units were then analysed to see what English variations they are representing, such as British, American, or mixed variaiton, or Indonesian Engish. The results show that the English variations due to its users are represented either in grammar and lexical choices. The latter dominate the numbers of data in showing the variations. The language units representing the variations are presented mostly in dialogs in the forms of utteracances. In addition choice of single words also contribute the representation of the variations. Formality becomes the main feature to differentiate between British and Amerian dialects presented in the books, and introducing English dialects to students through the coursbooks is good in accordance to the fact that recognizing dialects of English will broaden their linguistic knowledge on such a language they are learning. 
Raza y efectos sexuales en los parámetros morfométricos de cuatro reses autóctonas en Nigeria
Authors: Morenikeji O.B. , Ogunshola O.J. , Akinyemi M.O. , Wheto M. , Chineke C.A.
Published: January 2022

Se llevaron a cabo experimentos para evaluar los rasgos morfométricos en cuatro razas de ganado autóctonas (n = 300); Keteku, Muturu, N’dama y White Fulani, para determinar los efectos de la raza y el sexo en las mediciones del cuerpo en el ganado y la predicción de la relación corporal lineal entre los parámetros corporales usando funciones lineales, cuadráticas y cúbicas, resultados de los rasgos morfométricos los análisis de datos mostraron que las razas y el sexo de raza fueron fuentes importantes de variación y significativamente (P 0.05), la correlación de los coeficientes dio lo mejor y más alto La relación entre HW y HC en N’dama con un valor de 0.94 y la correlación de los coeficientes en Muturu fueron generalmente más bajas en comparación con otras razas.
Suplementação de butirato de sódio e os efeitos nos níveis de glicose e no metabolismo lipídico de vacas leiteiras
Authors: Halfen J. , Faccio Demarco C. , Soares Falson J.P. , Amaral Barbosa A. , De Oliveira Feijó J. , Rohrig Babassa V. , Schmitt E. , Nunes M. , Cassal Brauner C. , Burkert Del Pino F.A.
Published: January 2022

O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar os efeitos da suplementação com butirato de sódio nos níveis de glicose plasmática e no metabolismo lipídico de vacas no meio da lactação. Para isso, foram utilizadas 10 vacas (4 da raça Holandês e 6 da raça Jersey), multíparas, com 150 dias em lactação (DEL) e aleatoriamente divididas em 2 grupos: Grupo Controle (GC, n = %), que recebeu uma dieta padrão; Grupo Tratamento (GT, n = 5), que recebeu a dieta padrão mais 1,0g/kg de peso vivo por dia de butirato de sódio por um periodo de 8 dias. Amostras individuais de sangue foram coletadas diariamente durante o periodo experimental para análise de β-hidroxibutirato (BHB), ácidos graxos não esterificados (AGNE), triglicerídeos, colesterol e glicose. Pode ser observado que no GT os níveis de BHB plasmático foi maior (0,64 ± 0,03 mmol/l e 0,91 ± 0,03 mmol/l, para GC e GT, respectivamente, P = 0.001) e os níveis de glicose foram mais baixos que o GC (55,5 ± 0,84 mg/dL e 51,1 ± 0,75 mg/dL, para GT e GC, respectivamente, P < 0.0001). Esses resultados mostram que a suplementação de vacas com butirato de sódio pode regular a taxa de lipólise e as concentrações de AGNE, melhorando o estado de saúde do animal.
Kepribadian Ekstrovert dan Introvert pada Siswa Kelas VII G SMP Negeri 2 Ponorogo pada Proses Pembelajaran dalam Prespektif Psikologi Sosial
Authors: Widya Zulfa Ulwiyah  , Muhammad Widda Djuhan
Published: January 2022

Personality has a difference, namely Extrovert and Introvert. With the different personalities possessed by these students, of course, their reactions and interactions are also different when learning takes place. The purpose of this study was to determine how the social interaction of a student with an extroverted personality with an introverted personality student. When learning in the classroom is taking place, when using different learning methods in social studies learning. In this study, researchers used descriptive qualitative research methods that have natural characteristics and emphasize the process. Data was collected using observation, interview and documentation techniques. The technique of checking the validity of the data is done by time triangulation. The analysis technique uses the analysis of the Miles & Huberman model by using the steps of reducing data, presenting data, and drawing conclusions. The results showed that (1) there were differences in the interaction between extroverted and introverted personalities when using the social studies learning and learning method (2) for students with introverted personalities to be more suitable to use the discussion method, while extroverted personalities were able to adapt (3) social interactions were created well thus in accordance with social psychology in which they are able to behave, think, in the context of social situations.
A pronúncia variável de /t, d/ diante de [i] na fala de migrantes sergipanos em São Paulo
Authors: Santana Amanda de Lima
Published: January 2022

Este artigo analisa os usos de /t, d/ diante de [i], na fala de migrantes sergipanos residentes em São Paulo, pressupondo-se que eles estão mudando seu modo de falar de acordo com os contatos que estabelecem (ou não) com paulista(no)s. A partir de uma amostra com 27 entrevistas sociolinguísticas, de integrantes de duas redes sociais diferentes, testa-se a hipótese de que os sujeitos da rede aberta (que estabelecem mais contato com paulistas) palatalizam mais frequentemente /t, d/ em relação aos da rede fechada. Averigua-se também o efeito de outros fatores sociais e linguísticos. As análises revelam que idade de migração e sua interação com escolaridade são relevantes para os usos dos sujeitos: os que migraram mais jovens e que estudaram em São Paulo apresentam maiores taxas de palatalização. Dentre as variáveis linguísticas pertinentes ao fenômeno, estão sonoridade e contexto fonológico precedente.
Position-informed contrastive learning for spatially resolved omics deciphers hierarchical tissue structure at both cellular and niche levels
Authors: Yang Meng , Wang Yue , Liu Xingmin , Huang Haiping , Lan Linqi , Ni Ming , Han Yuchen , Yang Huanming , Mu Feng
Published: January 2022

Spatial omics and multiplexed imaging technologies provide unprecedented spatial context to characterize molecular variation in complex tissues. Developing unsupervised computational pipeline in a discovery mode is of vital importance to interpret spatially resolved data and derive novel biological insights. We develop Stereo, a unified framework leveraging contrastive learning to jointly model molecular and spatial information in a self-supervised manner. Stereo consists of two modules, StereoCell for neighbor-aware cell identity inference and clustering on spatial transcriptomics data, and StereoNiche for biologically-relevant niche identification on spatial proteomics data. StereoCell uses graph attention to aggregate immediate neighbors’ content for each cell while StereoNiche exploits vision Transformer to explicitly relate position coordinates with marker readouts within certain receptive field. We validate StereoCell’s superior utility on both simulated and real transcriptomics datasets of brain tissues acquired by various technologies with different resolutions. StereoCell can operate on all genes, extract layer-specific signature genes at single-cell resolution and identify clear layer-wise structure with state-of-the-art performance. Applied on tumor tissue sections, StereoCell enables detailed characterization of intratumoral heterogeneity and reveals invasive or metastasis behaviors concordant with expert annotations. Evaluated on a multiplexed fluorescence imaging dataset for colorectal cancer (CRC) patients, StereoNiche refines niche assignments, recapitulates classical follicle structure, and validates enriched T cells-macrophages interdigitation. Via self-distillation operation, StereoNiche also enables extracting bounded layout of tertiary lymphoid structure with no supervision, representing classical Crohn’s-like reaction behavior. Local explanations are derived for a tree-based survival model to validate the clinical relevance of identified niches. For mass spectrometry profiled triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) samples, StereoNiche recognizes differential tumor-immune interactions to separate compartmentalized from mixed pattern. In brief, Stereo is applicable to a variety of spatial technologies, serving as a powerful method to interrogate context-aware biological process and facilitate hierarchical signature discovery in neuroscience and computational pathology.
Spatiotemporal mode-locking and photonic flywheel in multimode microresonators
Authors: Huang Shu-Wei , Nie Mingming , Jia Kunpeng , Xie Yijun , Zhu Shining , Xie Zhenda
Published: January 2022

Dissipative Kerr soliton (DKS) frequency combs – also known as microcombs – have arguably created a new field in cavity nonlinear photonics, with a strong cross-fertilization between theoretical, experimental, and technological research. Spatiotemporal mode-locking (STML) not only add new degrees of freedom to ultrafast laser technology, but also provide new insights for implementing analogue computers and heuristic optimizers with photonics. Here, we combine the principles of DKS and STML for the first time to demonstrate the STML DKS by developing an unexplored ultrahigh-quality-factor Fabry–Pérot microresonator based on graded index multimode fiber (GRIN-MMF). Using the intermodal stimulated Brillouin scattering, we can selectively excite either the eigenmode DKS or the STML DKS. Furthermore, we demonstrate an ultralow noise microcomb that enhances the photonic flywheel performance in both the fundamental comb linewidth and DKS timing jitter. The demonstrated fundamental comb linewidth of 400 mHz and DKS timing jitter of 500 attosecond (averaging times up to 25 μs) represent improvements of 25x and 2.5x, respectively, from the state-of-the-art. Our results show the potential of GRIN-MMF FP microresonators as an ideal testbed for high-dimensional nonlinear cavity dynamics and photonic flywheel with ultrahigh coherence and ultralow timing jitter.
Flowering and Fruiting Phenology of Native and Non-Native Woody Species in a Semiarid Subtropical Forest
Authors: Ferreras Ana E. , Ashworth Lorena , Giorgis Melisa A.
Published: January 2022

The timing of flowering and fruiting events has major implications for community assemblies in time and space, and is an important trait for explaining plant invasion. Wolkovich and Cleland proposed four phenological hypotheses to explain invasion success; however, in semiarid subtropical forests, where non-native woody species are highly invasive, these hypothesis have been poorly tested, with multiyear studies being even less scarce. We answered the following questions: 1) Which of the strategies proposed by Wolkovich and Cleland do non-native species exhibit in their flowering and fruiting phenology? 2) Does temporal variability in flowering and fruiting differ among individuals of native and non-native species? We measured the beginning and length of flowering and fruiting phenology of the most frequent native and non-native woody species during four consecutive reproductive periods. We found differences in the phenological patterns. Non-natives showed a delay in flowering and fruiting, coinciding with the Vacant niche hypothesis, and had a longer fruiting phenology, as predicted by the Niche breadth hypothesis. Many individuals of native species showed high temporal variability in flower and fruit production, with a sharp reduction or even absence of individuals with flowers or fruits in some periods. Contrarily, individuals of non-native species showed higher temporal stability in flower and fruit production. The different phenological strategies developed by non-native species generate different interactions and windows of opportunities that may explain invasion. These new strategies may also have profound consequences on ecosystem processes and functions.
Trans-Esterifiable Bio Lipids Synthesis in Bacterial Isolates Using Limonene Containing Waste
Authors: Qadeer Samia , Yang Shang-Tian , Mahmood Shahid , Anjum Muzammil , Khalid Azeem
Published: January 2022

Bio-oil is recognized as a sustainable eco-friendly source of energy and a potential candidate to substitute the use of petro-diesel. In the present study, cultivation of a novel oleaginous culture KM9 was evaluated for bio-oil production potential and compared with a known oleaginous specie R. erythropolis. These strains were assessed for biomass production and growth was optimized for their respective nutrient requirements and physiochemical conditions. The cultivation of strains was also evaluated for their potential to use orange waste as substrate, lipid accumulation and simultaneous waste minimization. The results showed that KM9 reduced more than 50% of organic matters from the waste (47% VS removal and 60% COD removal) and achieved a maximum lipid accumulation of up to 38% of cell dry weight (CDW). In contrast, R. erythropolis stored a maximum of 27% lipids in the cell biomass. Florescence microscopy confirmed the accumulation of lipids by both strains. GC-MS of the trans esterified lipids revealed that both strains tended to store more saturated fatty acids (SFA) (38.39% by KM9 and 39% by R. erythropolis) when using limonene modified media. However, the use of orange waste triggered the accumulation of mono unsaturated fatty acids (MUFA). The high proportion of palmitic acid and stearic acid indicated its close resemblance to the plant based bio-oils. This study gave insight about bacterial lipid accumulation in the novel isolate KM9 for bio-oil production, which also provided additional benefit of waste minimization. Therefore, the oleaginous KM9 can be used to produce microbial lipids as a potential alternative oil from orange wastes, providing a novel process for sustainable production of biodiesel to meet escalating energy demands and waste minimization and utilization into value added products.
Eupaformosanin Induces Apoptosis and Ferroptosis Through Ubiquitination of Mutant P53 in Triple-negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Wei Yingying , Zhu Zhihui , Hu Hongtao , Guan Jiaqi , Yang Bo , Zhao Huajun
Published: January 2022

Purpose Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive breast cancer subtype with no targeted treatment. The objective of this study was to find new therapeutic agents and appropriate therapeutic methods and overcome the limitations of TNBC treatment. Methods P53 mutant TNBC cells were treated with eupaformosanin (Eup), a natural compound isolated from Eupatorium cannabinum Linn. Apoptosis and ferroptosis were detected in vitro and in vivo. RNA knockdown was used to investigate the role of mutant p53 in ferroptosis and apoptosis of Eup-induced cell death. A xenograft TNBC animal model was established to assess the anti-TNBC activity of Eup. Results MTT assay suggested that Eup strongly inhibited the viability of TNBC cells. Meanwhile, mitochondrial apoptosis contributed to the cell death in TNBC cells while mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP; Δψm) was disrupted, mitochondrial ROS (mt ROS) was enhanced, and related level of proteins was regulated. Apoptosis inhibitor Z-VAD rescued Eup-induced cell death. Afterwards, ferroptosis-induced cell death was demonstrated in TNBC cells, accompanied by lipid ROS accumulation, GSH depletion and iron increase. These events were blocked by ferroptosis inhibitors Fer-1 and DFO, indicating that ferroptosis facilitated Eup-induced cell death. Furthermore, Eup regulated mutant p53 ubiquitination, and mutant p53 signaling participated in Eup-induced apoptosis and ferroptosis, which were rescued when mutant p53 was silent in TNBC cells. Moreover, Eup exerted an anti-TNBC effect by inducing apoptosis and ferroptosis in vivo.Conclusion The natural compound Eup is a potential TNBC therapeutic agent that induces apoptosis and ferroptosis through ubiquitination of mutant p53.
Dynamic Molecular Switches Drive Negative Memristance Emulating Synaptic Behaviour
Authors: Nijhuis Christian , Wang Yulong , Zhang Qian , Astier Hippolyte , Nickle Cameron , Zhang Ziyu , Leoncini Andrea , Qi Dongchen , Han Yingmei , Barco Enrique del , Thompson Damien
Published: January 2022

To realise molecular scale electrical operations beyond the von Neumann bottleneck, new types of multi-functional switches are needed that mimic self-learning or neuromorphic computing by dynamically toggling between multiple operations that depend on their past. Here we report a molecule that switches from high to low conductance states with massive negative memristive behaviour that depends on the drive speed and number of past switching events, with all measurements fully modelled using atomistic and analytical models. This dynamic molecular switch (DMS) emulates synaptic behaviour and Pavlovian learning, all within a 2.4 nm thick layer that is three orders of magnitude thinner than a neuronal synapse. The DMS provides all fundamental logic gates necessary for deep learning because of its time-domain and voltage-dependent plasticity. The synapse-mimicking multi-functional DMS represents adaptable molecular scale hardware operable in solid-state devices opening a pathway to simplify dynamic complex electrical operations encoded within a single ultra-compact component.
Nonlinear Low Rank Representation by Estimating Optimal Transformations for Image Clustering
Authors: Chen Haoran , Chen Xu , Tao Hongwei , Li Zuhe , Guo Hanming , Cui Yong
Published: January 2022

Low rank representation is a very effective method, which is often used in unsupervised learning and semi-supervised classification. Due to the presence of noise and nonlinearity structure in real data, low rank representation fails to obtain the global information of the data well, so it can not be able to get enough discrimination information. For this motivation, this paper proposes a novel nonlinear low rank representation by estimating optimal transformations (EOTLRR) which can obtain a better global structure of the dataset by increasing the correlation among samples that may belong to the same category. The proposed method establishes an objective function that maximizes the largest q-ky Fan norm of the covariance matrix of data samples through estimating optimal transformations. Alternative Conditional Expectation method is employed to maximize the conditional expectation of samples, which can increase the correlation among the samples belonged to the same category. Experimental results on five real datasets and a synthetic dataset show that our method has superior performance compared with other latest methods.
Environmental application of engineering magnesite slag for phosphate adsorption from wastewater
Authors: Liang Hai , Guo Panliang , Yang Yunhong , Wang Wanting , Sun Zhaonan
Published: January 2022

Herein, magnesite slags (MS), which remain after sulfuric acid extraction from light burnt magnesite in the magnesite industry, were used as phosphate adsorbents in wastewater. The MS were calcined under 700°C to enhance phosphate adsorption. The calcined magnesite slags (CMS) were characterized by nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherm, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. A series of batch adsorption experiments were carried out to test the phosphate adsorption capacity of CMS. The results showed that the calcific treatment promoted the conversion from Mg, Ca, Fe, etc. compound to metal oxide of the MS. The generated metal oxide particles resulted in 237.4 mg/g increase in the phosphate adsorption capacity. The phosphate adsorption isotherm of CMS fitted the Langmuir model better, the maximum adsorption capacity of CMS was 526 mg/g. The adsorption kinetics of phosphate on CMS can be described by the pseudo-second-order model. The phosphate removal efficiency was greater than 98% in 300 mg/L phosphate solution. The results obtained in this work demonstrate that the CMS is a potential effective adsorbent for removal and reutilization phosphate from P-contaminated water, due to it can be employed as a fertilizer after phosphate adsorption.
Fuzzy Quadratic Programming Problem with Fuzzy Decision Variables: Acase of Portfolio Risk Minimization
Authors: Acharya Mitali Madhumita , TADESSE ADMASU , Belay Berhanu , Sriku Acharya , Sahoo Manoranjan
Published: January 2022

This manuscript is concerned with the solution procedure of a fuzzy quadratic programming problem on risk adjusted return of portfolios by simulation-based genetic algorithm. In this manuscript, parameters of the programming problem are considered as triangular fuzzy numbers. The decision variables are assumed to be triangular fuzzy variables. In contrast to the classical technique, the proposed approach does not require the derivation of crisp equivalent form. The fuzziness of parameters and decision variables of the objective functions is first addressed using a ranking function formula implemented by MATLAB, which combines the strategy used in Genetic Algorithm. The property of fuzzy inequality constraint is used to handle the fuzziness of constraint functions. The feasibility requirements are maintained throughout the problem. A case study is used to demonstrate the proposed methodology.
Physical Activity Outcome In Early Vs Delayed Elderly Hip Fracture Surgery
Authors: Gopurathingal Anto , Kamat Amar
Published: January 2022

The study aimed to find if an earlier fixation of proximal hip fractures in the elderly, leads to a better outcome, physically and mentally. Current guidelines recommend that hip fracture surgery should be done within 24 hours of injury. But those favoring a delay in surgery believe that it provides sufficient time to medically optimize patients, and thereby decrease the risk for perioperative complication. Our study was carried out in a tertiary care center. A total of 58 patients was enrolled in the study. Analysis showed, in comparison with the delayed fixation group, the early fixation group didn’t enjoy a statistically better physical quality of life at the end of 6 months, but mental health scores were significantly above the delayed fixation group. It also showed the most common reason for the delay was late presentation followed by delayed insurance clearance. An increased hospital stay was also seen for the delayed fixation group.
Interaction Between Soil and Fertiliser Nitrogen (N) Drives Plant N Uptake and Nitrous Oxide (N2O) Emissions in Tropical Sugarcane Systems
Authors: Takeda Naoya , Friedl Johannes , Kirkby Robert , Rowlings David , De Rosa Daniele , Scheer Clemens , Grace Peter
Published: January 2022

Aims: High nitrogen (N) fertiliser inputs in intensive sugarcane systems drive productivity but also significant emissions of nitrous oxide (N2O), a potent greenhouse gas. The effects of N fertiliser inputs on native soil N availability for plant N uptake as well as N2O emissions remain unknown, hindering efficient N management. This study investigated the contribution of fertiliser and soil N and their interaction to plant N uptake and N2O emissions in two intensively managed tropical sugarcane systems with different farming practices. Methods: High temporal resolution N2O measurements were combined with 15N recoveries across four N fertiliser rates, (100, 150, 200 and 250 kg N ha-1) in soil, plant and N2O emissions. Results: Cumulative N2O emissions ranged from 0.3 to 4.1 kg N ha-1, corresponding to emission factors ranging from 0.7 to 2.4%. Native soil N accounted for > 60% of cumulative N2O emissions and total plant N uptake. Fertiliser N addition increased N2O emissions from native soil N compared to the unfertilised control. These findings highlight the interaction between fertiliser and soil N, with the latter being the dominant source for N uptake and loss. Overall fertiliser 15N loss responded exponentially to N rates with 50% of applied N fertiliser permanently lost even at the recommended N rate. Conclusions: The response of soil-derived N2O emissions to N rates largely determined the magnitude of total N2O emissions, demonstrating the importance of site and soil specific interaction between soil and fertiliser N for N2O emissions.