bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
POTENTIAL OF NON-MATERIAL CULTURAL HERITAGE IN GLOBALIZATION CONDITIONS: STATE AND PERSPECTIVES
Authors: Aksonova Natalіa
Published: June 2020

Goal. Substantiation of theoretical and methodological approaches to the issues of promoting the cultural heritage of the Ukrainian nation in the tourism sector and ensuring sustainable development of rural areas by granting this property the status of regional or national intangible cultural heritage.

Method. During the research abstract-logical method was used, which allowed to reveal the theoretical aspects of the functioning of the intangible cultural heritage. Used analytical, comparative and synthetic methods for studying scientific approaches to this phenomenon.

Results It is explored that the replenishment of the diversity of the intangible cultural heritage of the regional, national, and subsequently international levels, will substantially increase the valorisation of the cultural heritage and will contribute to the tourist attractiveness of the destinations, and the development of green tourism. It is noted that the possibility of improving the state of affairs with the protection of cultural heritage in Ukraine through the use of the potential of bringing all ethnicities to the list of regional and national intangible cultural heritage.

Scientific novelty. The challenges and threats of globalization in the field of culture, as the main factor driving the tourist territory, are determined. Recommendations on further promotion of tourist attractiveness of rural territories in the conditions of globalization are given because of the intangible cultural heritage.

Practical significance. Publications materials can be used when substantiating the inclusion of objects in the bases of intangible cultural heritage. The necessity of introduction of electronic accounting of objects of intangible cultural heritage at levels – village, district, region is grounded. It is proposed to develop business plans of separate territories on the basis of valorisation of intangible cultural heritage.
Şizofreni ve Adenozin Reseptörleri
Authors: AKILLIOĞLU Kübra , ÇİÇEK Zehra , DÖNMEZ Meltem
Published: June 2020

Şizofreni
hastalığı toplumda yaklaşık %1 oranında görülmekle birlikte kesin tedavisi
olmayan, kronik nöropsikiyatrik bir hastalıktır. Kişinin günlük yaşamını
olumsuz etkileyen bilişsel ve duygusal işlevlerde bozulmaya neden olan
şizofreninin fizyopatolojisi henüz aydınlatılamamıştır. Adenozin, merkezi sinir
sisteminde birçok fonksiyonu etkileyen endojen bir nöromodülatör olarak rol
oynamaktadır. Son yıllarda ise merkezi sinir sisteminde nöromodülatör olarak
işlev gören adenozin ve reseptörlerinin şizofreni fizyopatolojisinde rol
oynayabileceği ileri sürülmektedir. Biz de derlememizde şizofrenide adenozin ve
reseptörlerinin nöromodülatör işlevini son literatür bilgileri ışığında
inceledik.
Scintigraphy for Diagnosis of Pediatric Osteomyelitis
Authors: PAZARCI Özhan , SALMANOĞLU Ebru
Published: June 2020

If osteomyelitis in the childhood period is not
treated appropriately or if early diagnosis is not made, it may become a
difficult disease causing permanent disability. There are many imaging methods
used for diagnosis. If scintigraphy is considered, it provides findings for
suspected cases before direct radiography. In this study, the use of
scintigraphy and new techniques for pediatric period osteomyelitis diagnosis were
investigated accompanied by a review of the current literature.
Çenelerin İlaca Bağlı Osteonekrozu ve Güncel Tedavi Yaklaşımları
Authors: ERDİL Aras , SOYLU Emrah , ALTAN Ahmet , AKBULUT Nihat
Published: June 2020

Son dönemde bisfosfanat, antirezorptif ve antianjiyogenik tedaviler esnasında veya sonrasında uygulanan maksillofasyal cerrahi işlemler ile ortaya çıkan çenelerin ilaca bağlı osteonekrozu (MRONJ) yeni tanımlanan ve halen daha etyopatogenezi tam anlaşılamamış bir hastalıktır. Hastalığın tedavi yaklaşımları konusunda da henüz tartışmalar devam etmekte olup Amerikan Maksillofasyal Cerrahlar Birliği tarafından oluşturulan komisyon tarafından hastalığın tanımı, evrelendirilmesi ve tedavi yaklaşımları konusunda çalışmalar değerlendirilmekte ve görüş bildiren kılavuzlar yayınlanmaktadır. Hastalığın tedavisi hakkında günümüzde, güncel, kabul edilen yöntemler konservatif yöntemlerdir. Ağız, diş ve çene cerrahlarına başvuran hastaların bu hastalık hakkında bilgilendirilmesi ve koruyucu yöntemler hakkında motive edilmeleri büyük önem taşımaktadır. Bu derlemede en son yayınlanan 2014 yılındaki kılavuz sonrası 2018 yılına kadar literatürde bildirilen uygulanmış tedavileri konu alan makaleler derlenmiştir
Santral Seröz Koriyoretinopati
Authors: CANAN Handan
Published: June 2020

Santral seröz koriyoretinopati (SSKR),  nörosensöriyel retinanın seröz dekolmanı ile
karakterize  çok faktörlü idiopatik bir
hastalıktır. Patogenezi tam olarak anlaşılamamıştır. Psiko-sosyal stresler ve
hiperkortizolizm tetikleyici faktörler olabilmektedir. SSKR, genç erkeklerde ve
20-50 yaş aralığında daha sık görülmektedir. SSKR patogenezinde RPE ve koroidal
dolaşım primer rol oynamaktadır. Mevcut
tedavi seçenekleri, RPE ve koroidal vasküler fonksiyonu restore etmeyi ve dış
nörosensöriyel retina tabakalarını korumayı ve nöroretinal seröz dekolmanın tamamen
çözülmesini sağlamayı amaçlamaktadır.
3D Physics-Based Numerical Simulations of Ground Motion in Istanbul from Earthquakes along the Marmara Segment of the North Anatolian Fault
Authors: Infantino Maria , Mazzieri Ilario , Özcebe Ali Güney , Paolucci Roberto , Stupazzini Marco
Published: June 2020

In this article, the outcomes of a research cooperation between Politecnico di Milano, Italy, and Munich RE, Germany, aiming to improve ground-motion estimation in the Istanbul area through 3D physics-based numerical simulations (PBSs), are illustrated. To this end, 66 PBSs were run, considering earthquake scenarios of magnitude ranging from Mw 7 to 7.4 along the North Anatolian fault (NAF; Turkey), offshore Istanbul. The present article focuses on the detailed introduction of the simulated scenarios comprising: (1) the setup of the 3D numerical model, (2) the validation of the model with recordings of a recent earthquake, (3) the PBSs results, (4) a parametric study on the effect of different features of the seismic source, and (5) a comparison with well-established ground-motion prediction equations to highlight the main differences resulting from the use of a standard empirical approach as opposed to physics-based “source-to-site” numerical simulations. As a main outcome of this study, we observed as, for magnitude Mw 7 and 7.2, PBSs are in agreement with empirical prediction models whereas, for magnitude Mw 7.4, PBSs provide higher ground-motion estimates, as a consequence of directivity effects, amplified by the specific geometry of the portion of the NAF facing Istanbul.
New GMPEs for the Sagami Bay Region in Japan for Moderate Magnitude Events with Emphasis on Differences on Site Amplifications at the Seafloor and Land Seismic Stations of K-NET
Authors: Hu Jinjun , Tan Jingyang , Zhao John X.
Published: June 2020

Ground-motion prediction equations (GMPEs) for the horizontal and vertical spectral accelerations (SAs) from the offshore area off the Sagami Bay is presented in this article. To compare the ground motions on the seafloor with those at onshore sites, an onshore GMPE was derived for the onshore stations adjacent to the offshore sites and including those in the Kanto basin sites. The offshore dataset includes 738 three-component records, and the onshore dataset includes 3775 records; both datasets are derived from the same set of 233 earthquakes selected for this study. The local site conditions of the offshore sites are investigated by implementing the mean horizontal-to-vertical response spectral ratios because soil condition data are unavailable. Individual site correction terms are used for the offshore sites due to differences among the site conditions, whereas site-class terms are used for the onshore sites based on the travel-time-averaged shear-wave velocity to 30 m (VS30). A comparison between the offshore and onshore models shows that the horizontal SAs for the whole periods and vertical SAs for moderate and long periods of the offshore motions are considerably larger than those of the onshore motions due to the deep deposition layer comprising soft sediment blanketing the seafloor; the vertical SAs of the offshore motions are slightly smaller than those of the onshore motions at short spectral periods. The inconsistency of the vertical motions at short periods may be due to the combined effect of the deposition layer and water layer. However, the vertical site amplification for short periods is independent of the water depth, and the reason of high-frequency deficiency in vertical components need further investigation.
Eosinophil Response Against Classical and Emerging Respiratory Viruses: COVID-19
Authors: Rodrigo-Muñoz JM , Sastre B , Cañas JA , Gil-Martínez M , Redondo N , del Pozo V
Published: June 2020

Eosinophils were discovered more than 140 years ago. These polymorphonuclear leukocytes have a very active metabolism and contain numerous intracellular secretory granules that enable multiple effects on both health and disease status. Classically, eosinophils have been considered important immune cells in the pathogenesis of inflammatory processes (eg, parasitic helminth infections) and allergic or pulmonary diseases (eg, asthma) and are always associated with a type 2 immune response. Furthermore, in recent years, eosinophils have been linked to the immune response by conferring host protection against fungi, bacteria, and viruses, which they recognize through several molecules, such as toll-like receptors and the retinoic acid–inducible gene 1–like receptor. The immune protection provided by eosinophils is exerted through multiple mechanisms and properties. Eosinophils contain numerous cytoplasmatic granules that release cationic proteins, cytokines, chemokines, and other molecules, all of which contribute to their functioning. In addition to the competence of eosinophils as effector cells, their capabilities as antigen-presenting cells enable them to act in multiple situations, thus promoting diverse aspects of the immune response. This review summarizes various aspects of eosinophil biology, with emphasis on the mechanisms used and roles played by eosinophils in host defence against viral infections and response to vaccines. The review focuses on respiratory viruses, such as the new coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2.
A clinical study of spectrum of low platelet count to establish etiology, diagnosis, complications and prognosis in newborns admitted in Al-Ameen medical college hospital NICU, Bijapur, Karnataka, India
Authors: Zama Rizwan U. , Malagi Naushad Ali N. , Thobbi A. N. , Dhundasi Salim A.
Published: June 2020

Background: In the newborn low platelet count is a common finding in both preterm and term newborn. It has been estimated that as many as 22% of all new borns admitted to NICU develop low platelet counts. A platelet count of less than 150,000/mL is defined as thrombocytopenia irrespective of the age of the individual.Methods: All the neonates underwent necessary blood investigations like Complete blood counts, (including platelet counts, HB estimation, Red cell indices and PCV), Capsular Polysaccharide - reactive protein. (CRP), Peripheral Smear study, Blood culture, BT, CT, PT, aPPT, Anti-platelet Antibodies.Results: The prevalence of thrombocytopenia in our study was 28%. The proportion of severe thrombocytopenia among the neonatal thrombocytopenia, 11.2% in our study.Conclusions: It can be concluded that thrombocytopenia is very much common in among our NICU admissions. Septicemia is its most important and most common cause.
Noise pollution: it’s time to noise about
Authors: Chaudhary Bhupendra , Chaudhary Ansh
Published: June 2020

Carrying the reputation of silent killer of 21st century, ‘Noise’ a modern day pollutant is defined as an unpleasant, disharmonic and undesired acoustic signal. World Health Organization (WHO) has estimated it dimensions and warned that 10% of the population is exposed to both short and long term health related issues due to noise. Whilst facing the conflict between development and human health, the noise favors the present day industrialization and urbanization. The harmful effect of noise may start from intrauterine life and continues till old age. Noise of more than 85-95dB affects both the fetus and neonates by damaging the cochlear hair cell and results in high frequency hearing loss. At times prematurity, low birth rate and birth defects are also associated with exposure to high dB noise.
Effects of neglected anterior cruciate ligament tears on medial and lateral meniscus
Authors: M. P. Jeevan , John John T.
Published: June 2020

Background: The effects of neglected anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears and its impact on the medial and lateral meniscus was evaluated in this study over a one-year time period patients were grouped on the basis of their injury to treatment time. The study emphasized the importance of early treatment of ACL injury to prevent damage to the meniscal tissue and secondary osteoarthritis.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study undertaken in the Department of Orthopaedics at Lourdes Hospital, Ernakulam, Kerala. Over a time period of one year starting from 2010 February. A total of 101 patients was analysed in whom Meniscal injury associated with ACL tear was noted. The patients were grouped into three based on the time from initial injury to the time of reconstruction. Acute injury (treated within 4 months of injury) sub-acute injury (treated between 4 and 8 months after injury) chronic injury (treated between 8 and 12 months after injury). The trend of meniscal injury based upon the injury to treatment time was analysed using appropriate statistical methods.

Results: Immediately following ACL injury lateral meniscal injuries were more common and was found in the acute phase. Lateral meniscus tears decreased as patients passed through the acute phase into the sub-acute phase, whereas medial meniscal tears began to increase and predominated in the chronic phase. Medial meniscal injuries were common in chronic ACL tears which were often complex tears not amenable to repair.

Conclusions: This study was able to demonstrate that the incidence of meniscal injury increased over time in ACL damaged knees.

 
Optical coherence tomographic assessment of disc changes and automated perimetric assessment of visual field changes after glaucoma filtration surgery
Authors: Sarkar Piyali , Chandra Sarkar Kumaresh , Bhattacharyya Shashwat
Published: June 2020

The study was conducted to find out the topographic changes of disc, macular thickness, visual field, and intra-ocular pressure (IOP) after trabeculectomy in different age and sex using Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) machine, automated perimeter and Goldman applanation tonometer respectively.

It was a prospective, interventional case-series conducted at the glaucoma clinic at Regional Institute of Ophthalmology, Kolkata from March 2010 to August 2011. Patients of primary open angle glaucoma who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The trabeculectomy surgeries were done by a single surgeon. The disc changes, macular thickness, IOP and visual field changes were measured before and after trabeculectomy. Preoperative OCT images of disc and macula, visual field testing by Humphrey automated perimeter and IOP by Goldman applanation tonometry were done/within 3 months prior to surgery and same investigations had been done postoperatively within 2 to 3 months after surgery. Data was collected in a standard data collection form and analysis was done by paired t-test.

Significant visual field (mean deviation-MD & pattern standard deviation-PSD in decibel) changes were seen but the nerve fiber thickness in the disc and macula were not increased. Significant reduction of IOP was found after trabeculectomy.

Significant visual field (MD& PSD) changes were found after trabeculectomy in early glaucoma patients but disc and macular changes were found to be insignificant.
Factors associated with late presentation of cataract in rural and urban patients: A cross-sectional study in Maharashtra
Authors: Pimprikar Shubhangi , Karve Shailaja
Published: June 2020

: The prevalence of cataractis increasing. Delayed presentation with advanced cataract is quite common. There is scarcity of local data about the proportion of late presenters of cataract and the associated factors.

: To assess the proportion of late presenters of cataract and determine factors associated with late presentation in rural and urban patients.

: The study was conducted over three months in a medical college hospital on 422 patients. Their sociodemographic details were collected. A structured questionnaire was administered to understand the factors associated with delayed presentation. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 23.

: There were 430/1248 (34.4%) “late presenters” of whom 422 provided consent. There were 212 (50.2%) male patients. The mean age of patients was 60.9 ± 9.5 years. Majority, that is, 67.8% patients came from rural areas. The mean distance travelled by patients was 53 km (minimum 2 and maximum 200 km). The commonest reason for late presentation was lack of awareness [26.1%] followed by poor financial condition [19.9%] and lack of family support [12.8%]. The other reasons were inability to forego daily wages [10.9%], good vision in the contralateral eye [10%], acceptance of poor vision as part of ageing [7.6%], difficulty in reaching hospital [5.2%], systematic illness [5.2%] and fear of surgery [2.4%]. When reasons for delayed presentation were compared between rural and urban patients, it was found that significantly greater proportion of rural patients lacked awareness, were concerned about losing their daily wages and gave poverty as the reason and also pulled on with good vision in the contralateral eye or had accepted diminished vision as an integral part of ageing.

: The most commonly quoted reason for late presentation of cataract was lack of awareness, especially in the illiterate rural patients which can be addressed through repeated counselling sessions by healthcare providers.
Study of prevelance of retinopathy of prematurity in tertiary care hospital
Authors: Sheikh Khushnood , Shroff Kavin , Patel Manisha
Published: June 2020

Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a disorder seen in preterm babies. ROP is a potentially preventable cause of irreversible total blindness in premature infants. Recent advancements in neonatal care have led to an increase in the survival of low birth weight infants, resulting in a rise of ROP incidence. Globally, ROP is estimated to affect more than 50,000 infants annually. In India, every year, 500 children are estimated to become blind from ROP. If left untreated it can be a third epidemic which can be prevented by appropriate screening.

To find the prevalence of ROP To identify the risk factors for ROP.

Reterospective study analysis was done for 2.5 years at tertiary care hospital where after taking permission from institutional ethical committee 293 babies were enrolled in this study who were referred from paediatrician as per the standard guidelines of “Rashtriya Bal swasthya karyakram”. All babies were dilated with combination drops of Tropicamide 0.8%w/v and Phenylephrine hydrochloride 5%w/v. All the high risk term babies and preterm babies(<32 weeks) and <2 kg weight were examined 4 weeks postpartum and babies with <=28 weeks were examined at 2 weeks postpartum by Viteroretinal surgeon till the retina matures. Grading was done by following International classification of ROP. All babies retina were examined up to Ora Serrata, Collected data were analysed by Chi-square test.

Among 293 babies Prevalence of ROP identified was 32%. 93 babies were very low birth weight (31.7%)(<1.0 kg BW), 35 babies were low birth weight (46%)(1 to 2.5 kg BW) as per the standard guidelines of World Health Organization for birth weight. ROP was found in 52 out of 93 very low birth weight babies(55%) and 40 out of 135 low birth weight babies(29%). P value was less than 0.0001 which was statistically significant. ROP was found in 80 Out of 157 pre term babies (50%). Logistic regression was performed to ascertain the effect of birth weight and gestational age.

ROP occurs mostly in extreme low birth weight and preterm infants. In middle-income-countries like India, high rates of premature birth, and increasing resuscitation of premature infants, often with suboptimal standards of care, have resulted in a third epidemic of ROP. It is essential to screen premature babies and babies with low birth weight. Awareness regarding ROP screening is a key factor for it’s prevention.
Study of clinical correlation of diabetic retinopathy with diabetic nephropathy and diabetic neuropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Patel Zeel , Rathod Anshi , N Kothari R , Uyas Aneesha , Pathak Mudra
Published: June 2020

To study the relationship of various stages of Diabetic Retinopathy with severity of Diabetic Nephropathy and Diabetic Neuropathy.

120 patients of type 2 diabetic patients were screened for Retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy. Investigations like Fundus examination with Indirect Ophthalmoscopy, CBC, RBS, RFT – S. Creatinine, S. Urea; Urine Samples – Microalbuminuria; HbA1c; Lipid Profile and Creatinine clearance, Vitamin B12, Nerve conduction Velocity Test and Clinical Reflex Test were performed on the patients with.

In present study we have found significant correlation between Retinopathy, Diabetic Nephropathy and Neuropathy. Severity of neuropathy and nephropathy increased with increase in the grade of retinopathy.

In our study the incidence of neuropathy and nephropathy also increases as severity of diabetic retinopathy increases. Thus, all diabetic patients must be screened for retinopathy as it can help determine the presence of other organ involvement.
Ocular manifestations of a rare case of Miller-Dieker syndrome
Authors: Hebbale Ramakrishna Shwetha , R S Sushma
Published: June 2020

We report a rare case of a five-year-old female child who was diagnosed with Miller-Dieker syndrome. She had global developmental delay, seizures, facial dysmorphic features and type 1 lissencephaly on Magnetic resonance imaging of brain. Her ocular manifestations included strabismus, torsional nystagmus, high myopic astigmatism and tortuous retinal vessels.
La negligencia del Estado brasileño en la lucha contra la corrupción en el sector privado y sus consecuencias
Authors: Gonçalves de Godoi Carlos Eduardo
Published: June 2020

Desde fines del siglo XXI hay un movimiento en el seno internacional de lucha contra la corrupción en el sector privado que, por mucho tiempo, estuvo alejado del debate científico y político en detrimento del sector público, cuyos instrumentos jurídicos son más largos y extensos. Sin embargo, Brasil camina al contrario de otros países que ya criminalizan la corrupción, con muchas tentativas frustradas, frente a recientes escándalos de tramas de corrupción de repercusión mundial que involucra a particulares. El presente artículo busca discutir el actual escenario brasileño y las consecuencias de la ineficiencia del parlamento brasileño en dictar medidas efectivas de criminalización de la corrupción en el sector privado para la sociedad brasileña, especialmente para la iniciativa privada.
El deber de resolver en la justicia bajo una perspectiva realista y empática
Authors: Baum Erica
Published: June 2020

Este trabajo se inscribe bajo una concepción realista del derecho, según la cual el mismo está sometido a una resistencia social, producto de la lucha por las injusticias, y, en particular, del realismo jurídico escandinavo, que considera que al momento de resolver en la justicia influyen factores empíricos y emocionales, en contraposición a una tradición jurídica para la cual el derecho es concebido como un sistema cerrado de normas que configuran una representación lógica, gramática y retórica de la sociedad. Analizaré el deber de resolver los asuntos sometidos a la justicia, establecido por el Artículo 3° del Código Civil y Comercial de la Nación Argentina, en adelante CCCN, con el propósito de explorar mi hipótesis, consistente en que la funciónjurisdiccional no debería dejar de considerar las emociones de los seres humanos que litigan y que una ausencia de empatía, en tal sentido, afectaría la razonabilidad de las decisiones judiciales.
American Legal Realism in Dispute Resolution. Alternative Dispute Resolution as a “Realist” Project
Authors: Giabardo Carlo Vittorio
Published: June 2020

American Legal Realism is alive and well. As a normative (and not only descriptive) theory, it has shaped the legal world we are living in and has influenced current legal practices at a global level. This article looks at the influence Realists’ ideas (and specifically Charles Edward Clark’s ones) have had ‘unconsciously’ over the phenomenon of the privatisation of civil justice and the Alternative Dispute Resolution revolution. It is suggested that many key concepts of Pragmatism and American Legal Realism form part of today’s repertoire of Alternative Dispute Resolution supporters and that the privatisation of civil justice is to be understood as an “unintended” Realist project, in the sense that it is inspired by, and reflects, a Realist view about law, conflict-resolution and justice without openly recognizing it.
La legislación en Hägerström
Authors: Mindus Patricia
Published: June 2020

La relación entre derecho y política es uno de los temas más debatidos en la teoría del derecho. No hay un consenso sobre el alcance y extensión del elemento político y del elemento jurídico en el derecho. Legislación es un concepto ambiguo porque designa a la ley que ha sido promulgada, y, por tanto, el objeto primario de muchas teorías jurídicas modernas; pero también el proceso de crearla, el cual muchas teorías del derecho, por lo general, colocan fuera del ámbito de la teoría del derecho y, de modo más específico, en la esfera política. La primera sección plantea el problema de la legislación al distinguir un número de diferentes problemas que a menudo aparecen indistintamente bajo esta etiqueta. Los distintos puntos de vista pueden mirarse de acuerdo con un espectro que va desde teorías jurídicas que sostienen que la política permea la ley de manera esencial, hasta aquellas que sostienen lo contrario. El objetivo es situar en este espectro la perspectiva de Hägerström acerca de la legislación. Mi postura es que el realismo escandinavo se mantiene en un punto medio entre la idea de que las construcciones ideológicas afectan al derecho y aquella en que la normatividad jurídica no puede reducirse a la voluntad de quienes, de facto, detentan el poder; así, el derecho no puede reducirse a ninguna idea de “voluntad” o “intención”, incluyendo a aquellas de la mayoría o el pueblo. Para fundamentar este argumento, este artículo investiga la perspectiva de Hägerström acerca del establecimiento de una nueva constitución a través de una revolución política, última piedra de toque para mantener la (in)distintividad de la ley y la política. Su conclusión es que el problema no se puede explicar en términos del descubrimiento del interés público, debido a su enfoque nocognitivista; pero este tampoco puede ser explicado en términos de la toma de decisiones. Aquí legislar equivale al acceso y control de procedimientos técnicos basados en una forma de fe, o en sus términos propios, “ideas que gobiernan las mentes de los hombres”.
Human Drama in Aristotle’s Poetics
Authors: Mazur Piotr Stanislaw
Published: June 2020

Ludzki dramat w Poetyce Arystotelesa

Celem artykułu jest ukazanie dramatu jako wydarzenia ludzkiego w Poetyce Arystotelesa. Zdaniem autora, odwrócenie mechanizmu naśladownictwa (mimesis), używanego przez Arystotelesa do tworzenia tragedii, pozwala potraktować Poetykę przede wszystkim jako nośnik wiedzy o dramacie człowieka jako bohatera tragedii. Uczucia litości i trwogi, których powinna dostarczyć tragedia, ujawniają, co jest dramatem człowieka, a zarazem co sprawia, że człowiek może doświadczyć dramatu. Dramat ten wynika nie tylko z siły i nieuchronności zła, na które natrafia człowiek w swoim życiu, ale także jest następstwem jego niedoskonałości. Przejawia się ona w podatności człowieka na błąd, nietrwałości i niepewności jego sytuacji oraz podatności na egzystencjalne zranienie.
Klasyczna argumentacja a persona w inskrypcjach nagrobnych czasów nowożytnych
Authors: Nowaszczuk Jarosław
Published: June 2020

Starożytni znawcy dziedziny retoryki formułowali katalogi loci a persona, czyli wypisy okoliczności (circumstantiae) albo atrybutów (attributa) dotyczących opisywanej postaci. Niektórzy z nich, jak Marek Fabiusz Kwintylian, doceniali znaczenie tych loci jako sedes argumentorum, czyli źródeł, którymi można posłużyć się w zakresie dowodzenia. Kategorie, które wyszczególnili antyczni uczeni są w wysokim stopniu zbieżne z tymi, jakie w charakterystyce postaci zmarłego, a przez to w strukturze inskrypcji nagrobnych wyodrębnili nowożytni teoretycy tej formy pisarstwa, jak choćby Thomas Correa, Jacobus Pontanus, Gaetano Felice Verani. Jak przekonuje wywód Christiana Weise w dziele De poesi hodiernorum politicorum sive de argutis inscriptionibus libri II, koincydencja nie jest przypadkowa. Uczony stwierdza wprost, że w tworzeniu napisów nagrobnych można wykorzystać topikę retoryczną z zakresu przyporządkowanego osobie (a persona). Twierdzenia badaczy gatunku znajdują potwierdzenia w zachowanym dorobku epigraficznym. Wysiłki pisarzy zmierzały ku temu, by jak najzwięźlej odnieść się do maksymalnej ilości loci a persona. Jak pokazano na przykładzie, tendencja do amplifikacji poprzez congeries, nie wiązała się z wielkością płyty nagrobnej i kosztami jej wykonania, lecz wynikała z upodobań estetycznych epoki.
Zagadnienie periodyzacji literatury łacińskiej doby republiki rzymskiej
Authors: Witczak Krzysztof Tomasz
Published: June 2020

Artykuł podejmuje problem periodyzacji literatury rzymskiej doby republiki. Autor uznaje tradycyjny podział na 3 okresy literackie: (1) archaiczny; (2) cyceroński; (3) augustowski za częściowo poprawny. Bazując na teorii periodyzacji literatury, opracowanej przez prof. Juliana Krzyżanowskiego (1937), która zakłada cykliczność zjawisk w dziedzinie kultury i literatury, autor proponuje wydzielenie czterech kolejnych faz historycznoliterackich: [1] Okres archaiczny albo „hellenizujący” (240-160 r. przed Chr.); [2] Okres późnoarchaiczny albo „reakcyjny” (160-81 r. przed Chr.); [3] Okres cyceroński (81-31 r. p.n.e.); [4] Okres augustowski (31 r. przed Chr. – 14 r. po Chr.). Poszczególne okresy literackie stoją w wyraźnej opozycji do faz poprzedzających i po nich następujących. Występują w nich dominujące prądy i zjawiska literackie, odmienne niż w fazie poprzedzającej i bezpośrednio po nich następującej. Biorąc pod uwagę kryterium wpływów obcych (helleńskich) i rodzimości, możemy łatwo stwierdzić, że okresy nieparzyste [1, 3] mają charakter wyraźnie prohelleński, co przejawia się między innymi w tłumaczeniu bądź adaptacji najważniejszych dzieł literatury greckiej, wykorzystaniu istniejących w Grecji gatunków literackich, przyswojeniu obcych struktur metrycznych, motywów literackich lub prądów filozoficznych, podczas gdy w okresach parzystych [2, 4] twórcy literatury łacińskiej wprowadzają rodzime wątki i czysto rzymskie motywy, a także rozwijają własne gatunki literackie (np. satyrę, rzymską elegię miłosną).
Using Assessment Tools to Develop a Workshop for Library Staff: Establishing a Culture of Assessment
Authors: Scoulas Jung Mi
Published: June 2020

No abstract.
“O PASTICHEIRO”: A INSTAURAÇÃO DO NOVO PLAGIADOR NA ESCRITA ACADÊMICA
Authors: Puh Milan
Published: June 2020

Neste trabalho analisaremos e discutiremos textos acadêmicos que, embora sigam formalmente a estruturação textual, apresentam uma mistura de diferentes autores e seus escritos de procedência indefinida. Mais especificamente, trata-se de uma análise de textos-pastiche que, pelo fato de respeitarem minimamente as regras de citação acadêmica, não constituem-se como plágio, mas cujos enunciados demonstram semiótica e semanticamente direta apropriação da pesquisa alheia com a intenção de apresenta-la como sua. Seguindo esse pensamento, a nossa questão de pesquisa é a seguinte: Como descrever um texto acadêmico que, mesmo ao seguir os preceitos formais predefinidos pela escrita acadêmica, acaba mostrando muitos elementos enunciativos pertencentes a outros autores, podendo assim considerá-lo um pastiche? Para responder a essa questão, discutiremos o conceito-chave - o próprio conceito de pastiche como definido por Jameson (1984) e Diniz e Munhoz (2011), além de abordar a teoria de enunciação que encontramos nos trabalhos de Benveniste (2006), nomeadamente os conceitos de unidade semiótica e semântica, relacionando-os à intertextualidade baseada nos trabalhos de Fairclough (2001) e Koch (2004). O objetivo é mostrar como a escrita de trabalhos, que não apresentam transgressões explícitas da ordem formal de um texto acadêmico, pode pelas semelhanças semânticas e semióticas, transformar-se em uma miscelânea textual que não plagia, mas se apropria da produção científica do outro como se fosse um simples processo combinatório. Para isso, selecionamos, como material de análise, um pastiche em forma de trabalho acadêmico, tratando o tema de plágio na universidade e três textos originais usados na realização do pastiche.
Marcas de textualidade e referenciação em textos escritos por alunos de uma turma inclusiva
Authors: De Souza Luzia Rosa
Published: June 2020

Atualmente o que se apregoa na esfera educacional é de que todas as escolas devem ser inclusivas, a fim de se ter um ensino justo e igualitário. No entanto, o que se percebe é que há um discurso velado no âmbito escolar que pressupõe que pessoas com deficiência intelectual não conseguem desenvolver a mesma habilidade escrita que os alunos sem deficiência. Isto implica numa inclusão excludente entre as quatro paredes de uma sala de aula. Diante do exposto, este artigo investiga por meio de análise textual se de fato existe uma diferenciação alargada em relação ao processo comunicativo na escrita dos alunos em turmas inclusivas nos Anos Iniciais do Ensino Fundamental. O corpus é composto por textos de alunos com deficiência intelectual e sem deficiência. As análises partem do princípio do que é um “bom texto” para Antunes (2011) dentro da perspectiva sociocomunicativa e das teorias bakhtiniana de que o processo comunicativo emerge de uma relação dialógica. Após as análises, segue-se a proposição de um plano interventivo com atividades voltadas para a resolução dos problemas encontrados nos textos analisados. Cabe ressaltar que o foco é a dimensão discursiva e os aspectos de textualidade, ou seja, se o texto cumpre seu papel comunicativo de interação social.
A construção da textualidade em cartas argumentativas de alunos do ensino fundamental
Authors: Abrantes Silvânia De Souza
Published: June 2020

O presente artigo visa analisar dois textos produzidos por alunos do 8º ano, do ensino fundamental à luz da teoria bakhtiniana (1997) sobre os gêneros discursivos; dos fatores de textualidade, propostos por Irandé Antunes (2010); dos processos referenciais e de categorização, defendidos por Alena Ciulla (2014) e das propostas de estratégias argumentativas apresentadas por Koch e Elias (2017). A partir de tais concepções, parte-se da premissa de que o texto constitui a materialização de um discurso que, por sua vez, não está isolado, ou seja, apresenta diferentes vozes. Sendo assim, qualquer análise textual deve considerar mais do que a construção composicional e o aparato linguístico. A tipologia textual escolhida é carta argumentativa. Esta é de extrema relevância, uma vez que é através dela que os usuários da língua melhor defendem o seu ponto de vista. Deste modo, se constituem enquanto sujeitos, visto que agem e interagem no mundo. A partir da análise das produções dos alunos, pretende-se verificar a importância dos estudos apresentados para realização de avaliação diagnostica e elaboração
A produção textual na aprendizagem da escrita dos alunos da 4ª classe de uma escola primária do Sumbe em Cuanza Sul-Angola
Authors: Monteiro Elizabteh , Maricel Aguiar Sanito Carolina , João de Fátima Adolfo Paulino , Joaquim Manuel Samuel , Candeeiro Germano Santos
Published: June 2020

O presente artigo tem o objetivo de apresentar uma análise de textos produzidos por alunos da 4ª classe, de uma escola primária, localizada no bairro do Chingo, município do Sumbe em Angola, com a finalidade de compreender os possíveis obstáculos encontrados pelos alunos, durante o ensino e a aprendizagem da escrita. A análise dos textos abarcou aspectos como: ortografia, caligrafia, margem, pontuação, acentuação, coerência, coesão textual, identificação de letras altas e baixas bem como o cumprimento das orientações da proposta de escrita. Embasados nas concepções de Cagliari & Cagliari (1999), Geraldi (1984) e Costa (2013), assumiu-se a leitura e produção de textos como fundamentais ao processo de aprendizagem da língua portuguesa. Assim, os indicadores usados para a análise dos textos nos levou a compreender que os alunos entenderam a proposta de escrita, pois conseguiram se comunicar através da escrita, apesar das debilidades relacionadas à autocorrecção, coerência, coesão, escrita como falam, acentuação, pontuação, uso de letras maiúsculas; aspectos perceptíveis pela idade e classe que frequentam, constituindo uma base de dados para o professor, no acto da planificação das aulas.
Análise dos textos produzidos pelos alunos da 6ª classe de uma Escola Primária do Sumbe
Authors: Cachine Armando , José Luís Azéu , Jorge Figueiredo , João Moutinho Sanito Ilídio , Lisboa Pinto Boa Luzia
Published: June 2020

O presente artigo apresenta uma investigação sobre a prática pedagógica em sala de aulas de língua portuguesa e da produção de textos de alunos da educação primária do município do Sumbe, Província do Cuanza Sul - Angola. Os textos analisados foram escolhidos aleatoriamente e elaborados pelos alunos durante a aula que tinha como tema “a indústria”e como subtema “leitura e interpretação do texto o algodão”. Nas análises, procuramos aferir o nível de compreensão e conhecimento dos alunos no que diz respeito à ortografia, uso da pontuação, a construção dos parágrafos, a coesão, a coerência e ao atendimento do enunciado. Por fim, fizemos uma avaliação crítica sobre a situação real dos textos dos alunos, bem como seus domínios sobre a leitura e escrita da língua portuguesa.
Análise de textos de alunos da 2ª classe numa das escolas do Município do Sumbe
Authors: Paulino Boano , Manuel Joaquim Cláudio , Arthur Correia De Oliveira Ernesto , André Manuel Fernando , Da Conceição de Sousa Varela Luísa , Luciano Domingos Maria
Published: June 2020

Com o presente artigo pretende-se apresentar de forma concisa o processo de ensino e aprendizagem da leitura e escrita por parte dos professores e alunos em uma das escolas do ensino primário do Sumbe. O artigo centrou-se no relato de professores e alunos deste sistema de ensino, mediante os resultados das respostas dadas a um questionário. Além da aplicação do questionário, utilizou-se os seguintes métodos: a observação direta das aulas e a análise dos textos produzidos pelos alunos. Esta atividade permitiu levantar a situação real da vida quotidiana dos professores e dos alunos no trabalho com o ensino da leitura e escrita. As respostas obtidas, por meio da análise do  questionário aplicado, observação de aulas e textos produzidos pelos alunos mostram que alguns alunos têm dificuldades na aquisição da leitura e da escrita. Isto tem a ver com certas dificuldades enfrentadas pelos professores e alunos tais como: quanto aos professores, os baixos salário que os desmotivam, as péssimas condições de trabalho em salas de aula, a falta de transporte a tempo e hora, visto que, alguns professores vivem distante do local de serviço.  Quanto aos alunos, a escassez de livros didáticos que incentivem a leitura e a escrita, a falta de condições em salas de aulas, visto que, as salas são pequenas e com elevado número de alunos e as péssimas condições sociais.
Uma ponte entre o rock e a literatura
Authors: Antunes Angie Miranda , Fiorese Furtado Fernando Fábio
Published: June 2020

A experiência da guerra que tanto nos empobrece (Walter Benjamin, 1994), quando a relatada por Ernest Hemingway em For whom the bell tolls (1940) nos coloca em imanência. O norte-americano que está na Espanha a ponto de destruir uma ponte, acaba por fazer ligações profundas consigo e com o “outro”. O título do romance, retirado do sermão/poema do poeta inglês John Donne, diz que nenhum um homem está só, e que morremos um pouco cada vez que o sino anuncia uma morte. A mensagem de ambos os textos clama para deslocarmos do lugar mais difícil: de nós mesmos. Repetida por diversas vezes ao longo do século passado, interessa-nos especialmente a versão de Raul Seixas, quando o cantor brasileiro disserta também a partir da presença da morte na música e álbum homônimos: Por quem os sinos dobram (1979), clamando por “ciência” e “coragem” em nossos atos. Com auxílio de A troca simbólica e a morte, de Jean Baudrillard (1996) e “A obra de arte na era da reprodutibilidade técnica” (1994), de Walter Benjamin pensamos nesse “eu” que clama por viver, mas está sempre à espreita da morte. Palavras-chave: Literatura; Morte; Cultura rock.
As Vilãs dos Irmãos Grimm
Authors: Weber Gomes de Almeida Guilherme , Meireles da Silva Alexander
Published: June 2020

Este trabalho apresenta o fragmento de uma pesquisa desenvolvida junto ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Estudos da Linguagem, nível de doutorado, da Universidade Federal de Goiás, Regional Catalão, acerca de questões antissemitas em Literatura Fantástica, a partir dos contos e das lendas dos irmãos Grimm. No século XIX, os irmãos alemães Jacob e Wilhelm Grimm realizaram um amplo e complexo mapeamento cultural do folclore alemão, com ênfase nas narrativas de tradição oral popular. O resultado da pesquisa dos irmãos Grimm foi publicado em artigos, dicionários, enciclopédias e coletâneas das histórias maravilhosas, como Kinder- und Hausmärchen, em 1812, e a coletânea de lendas Deutsche Sagen, em 1816. No Brasil, o título da obra foi traduzido do alemão para o português como Contos Maravilhosos Infantis e Domésticos, mas é popularmente conhecida como os contos dos irmãos Grimm. Ressalta-se que os autores diferenciavam os contos e as lendas e nunca utilizaram a expressão "contos de fadas" para as peças coletadas. A partir de uma metodologia de revisão bibliográfica, este trabalho irá analisar um panorama geral da representação feminina como vilã nos contos mais conhecidos de Kinder- und Hausmärchen. A análise a seguir está fundamentada em teóricos literários importantes como Jack Zipes (2002), Maria Tatar (1987; 2004), Marina Warner (1999), Karin Volobuef (2011), entre outros.
Linguagem e tecnologia na formação de professores de língua
Authors: Valênia Anair
Published: June 2020

Este artigo discute questões relevantes acerca de ações de letramentos que podem fazer parte das práticas pedagógicas dos professores dos cursos de Letras, especialmente tendo em vista a formação docente para o ensino de língua materna. A discussão baseia-se nas teorias dos letramentos, sobre as quais empreendemos um curto percurso histórico, focando no início do desenvolvimento desses conceitos no Brasil (LEMLE, 1995; SMOLKA, 2003; SOARES, 2002, 2006), avançando para as proposições teóricas sobre os multiletramentos, conforme Kalantzis e Cope (2003,2006) e passando por questões referentes aos letramentos digitais (DUDENEY, HOCKLY, PEGRUM, 2016). Tomamos como objeto de análise uma proposta de Iniciação Científica desenvolvida por um aluno-pesquisador do curso de Letras, e apontamos, ao final, as principais conclusões que pudemos observar, tais como: a relevância da autonomia para a escrita de um gênero discursivo digital e a hibridização de elementos como interatividade e multissemioses, que acabaram se tornando constitutivos na obra produzida.
Meme literacy in Russia: Perceptions of internet memes by a student audience and issues of critical thinking
Authors: Shomova Svetlana
Published: June 2020

Internet memes, which constitute a significant portion of social-media content and an important vector of users’ communicative exchange, have by now turned from mere entertainment to a news source. However, they are still approached rather uncritically by young audiences. A survey was conducted among Russian students (N = 138) at the National Research University Higher School of Economics, and it identified not only the “problem spots” of the Russian memosphere but also a number of skills in decoding information, which are necessary today as part of “Meme Literacy.” These skills range from an adequate assessment of the type of message and verification of the news topic to the fact-checking of the verbal and visual content the meme is based on.
Knowledge of tooth avulsion first aid management among parents residing in UAE
Authors: Hussain Afraa , Hashim Raghad , Khamees Aisha
Published: June 2020

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge of parents visiting a specialized dental center in Ajman on permanent tooth avulsion and the required first aid procedure to achieve better prognoses. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Ajman Emirate, UAE. Three hundred eighty-eight parents from three nationalities (Emirati, Egyptian and Indian) residing in UAE answered a constructed questionnaire that included demographic information related to the participants and questions related to permanent tooth avulsion and the required first steps for its management. Results: Study findings reflect deficiencies in the following areas. Of the 388 parents, (236, 60.8%) had poor knowledge about permanent tooth avulsion. Parents who had previous knowledge obtained information from unsupported sources, such as friends (145, 37.4%). Out of 388 parents, (324, and 83.5%) would not replant the tooth. Finally, the majority of the participants did not know the proper media to store the avulsed permanent tooth with one-third of parents choosing cotton or water (142, 36.6%). Conclusion: This study showed a lack of knowledge regarding permanent tooth avulsion among parents from the major nationalities residing in UAE. However, the respondents represent major differences regarding related to knowledge, replant, and storage of avulsed permanent teeth.
Escritos sobre poetnografias vocais
Authors: Miranda Helder Carlos de , Gusmán Patricia Ordaz , Miranda Elderson Melo de , Silva Renata de Lima , Souza João Marcos de
Published: June 2020

O trabalho que aqui se apresenta tem o intuito de desenvolver proposições sobre “poetnografias vocais” e seus possíveis encaminhamentos metodológicos. Os escritos foram desenvolvidos com base em vivências profissionais e em leituras de diferentes propostas teóricas e práticas, que propõem estudos de voz, arte e etnografia. Neste sentido, o trabalho aponta alguns caminhos possíveis sobre o desenvolvimento de poetnografias vocais.
Uderstanding the Concept of Ecosufism: Harmony and the Relationship of God, Nature and Humans in Mystical Philosophy of Ibn Arabi
Authors: Rozi Syafwan
Published: June 2020

This paper examines Ibn Arabi's concept of ecosufism, a new philosophical foundation and paradigma in understanding nature, domination and control over natural resources amidst of global environmental crisis, caused by anthropocentric exploitation towards nature. This ecosufism is related to the constellation of religious orientation amongst monotheism, polytheism and pantheism and the relationship between God and nature in response to the environmental problem. This paper explains Ibn Arabi's philosophical thought on ecology and examines how this notion is based on his Sufi view on the relationship of God, humans and nature. This study shows that Ibn Arabi’s concept of  waḥdat al-wujūd (unification of being) and al-insān al-kāmil (perfect human) generate his perception of nature preservation. These two fundamental concepts are relevant to be used as a paradigm for promoting ecosufism, which consider nature as God's manifestation. A perfect human is the one who could realize such a perspective. Protecting nature is necessary because of its position as God's manifestation.