bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of selected statistical indicators of the North-Western Federal district in aspect of infant mortality and stillbirths
Authors: Ivanov Dmitry O. , Shevtsova Kseniia G.
Published: May 2018

The paper presents results of some analyzed statistical indicators of infant mortality and stillbirth in the North-Western Federal District of Russia. The following indicators are considered: availability of medical personnel and inpatient beds, morbidity of pregnant women, the number of abortions, as well as some socio-economic indicators. The negative correlation between infant mortality rate in the region and availability of obstetricians-gynecologists, pediatricians, neonatologists was revealed. Stillbirth rates in the region were found to be related to the provision of pregnant pathology beds, to the proportion of these beds in the total number of obstetric beds, to provision of the population with obstetricians and gynecologists. In addition, both factors are equally dependent on such index of work of women's family planning counseling services as the number of abortions per 100 live and stillbirths. A comparative analysis of the pregnant women morbidity, together with the investigated medical care provision in the region, emphasized the effective organization of the child protection and child delivery service activity in the North-Western Federal District, on the one hand. On the other hand, it determined that, in the search for a reserve of reducing fetal and infantile losses in North-Western Federal District, the priority area is a differentiated study of the pregnant women morbidity aimed at developing an appropriate comprehensive prevention program to reduce of the pregnant women morbidity.
Assessment of adaptation of children of younger school age with cerebral palsy to occupations at correctional school
Authors: Ponomareva Olga P. , Suslova Galina A.
Published: May 2018

Formation of a school maturity at children of younger school age is the main objective of modern education. Special attention in the last decades is paid to children with disturbances of a musculoskeletal system, in particular, to children with the cerebral palsy (CP). Such children study at special correctional schools which prepare the pupils for independent life and work in society.

Research objective: to estimate adaptation of children of younger school age with cerebral palsy to occupations at correctional school.

Materials and methods. 75 children with the diagnosis are examined: Cerebral palsy, spastic diplegia mild or moderate severity, delay of psychomotor development, pseudobulbar dysarthtia. All children studied in state-funded educational institution for children with limited opportunities of health special (correctional) comprehensive school (the IV look) No. 584 "Ozerki" of Vyborgsky district of St. Petersburg (school No. 584 "Ozerki"). The age of children was from 7 to 11 years. The following indicators were estimated: quality of life of children by means of the questionnaire of PedsQL for category of children of 8-12 years, electroencephalogram indicators, the neurologic status, extent of disturbance of the speech. Children were examined by the neurologist, the psychologist and the logopedist.

Results. 72% of children had the average and low level of adaptation. According to classification by L.A. Wagner (1989), “the low level” of adaptation prevailed at boys (42.2%) (the negative relation to school, suppressed mood, frequent complaints to an illness). “High level” also dominated at boys (33.4%) while at girls “the high level” of adaptation was observed only at 6 people (20%). Clinical inspection taped that at children the hyper excitability syndrome prevailed (at boys – 51.2%, girls – 63.3%). Also it was noticed that extent of disturbance of the speech depends on degree of a lesion of the central nervous system and also on age and sex features. The quality of life of children of elementary school is reduced. In scales of the questionnaire of PedsQL “physical functioning”, “emotional functioning”, “life at school” points don’t exceed 50. Only in a scale “social functioning” an indicator more than 70 points.

Conclusions. The complex rehabilitation including the medical, psychology and pedagogical and logopedic care is necessary for children of elementary school of school No. 584 “Ozerki”.
Malignant glioma arising from orbital teratoma in childhood
Authors: KÜPELİ Serhan
Published: May 2018

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Emergency presentation of ophthalmic zona
Authors: Durukan Polat , Baykan Necmi , Salt Ömer , Yakar Şule , Tekin İsmail , Kavalcı Cemil , Özkan Seda
Published: May 2018

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El secreto del huevo azul de Catalina González Vilar. Estudio Narratológico
Authors: Sánchez-García Miguel
Published: May 2018

Este trabajo aborda el estudio narratológico de la obra El secreto del huevo azul, de la escritora Catalina González Vilar, que obtuvo el Premio El Barco de Vapor en el año 2012.  Examina los diferentes elementos constitutivos del texto (el enfoque del tema, la caracterización de los personajes, la estructura sintáctica, el tratamiento del lenguaje, la técnica narrativa utilizada…) y su aporte al desarrollo de la  historia con la finalidad de descubrir los valores estéticos y literarios que aporta a la fábula. Pretende demostrar el adecuado uso de todos ellos dado que favorecen un texto rico en matices, llamativo, sugerente. Cualidades, todas ellas, de gran importancia tanto en creaciones destinadas al público adulto como al infantil y juvenil pues enriquece el valor final de la obra, y por extensión, el bagaje cultural de sus lectores.
Childhood nasal obstruction and sleep-disordered breathing during clinical setting: Myth or reality?
Authors: ZAFFANELLO Marco , LİPPİ Giuseppe , TENERO Laura , PİAZZA Michele , SACCHETTO Luca , NOSETTİ Luana , GASPERİ Emma , PİACENTİNİ Giorgio
Published: May 2018

Objectives: The severity of sleep apneas largely depends on abnormal size of upper airway. Therefore, nasal
examination is essential part of clinical evaluation of children with
sleep-disordered breathing. Methods: We performed a
retrospective survey involving children aged 4 years and older which underwent
in-laboratory overnight cardiorespiratory polygraph study between January 2016
and May 2017. Nasal obstruction test was used to score severity. Results: Fifty-three
children (62% males) with a median age of 6.1 (IQR 3.1) years were
enrolled in this study. Linear regression analysis showed that nasal
obstruction score was correlated with apnea-hypopnea index (β=0.345; p < 0.014) and oxygen desaturation
index (β=0.328; p < 0.022), whilst
no association was found with age, BMI Z-score, snoring and phase angle. Correlation analysis also
showed that nasal obstruction score was correlated with apnea-hypopnea index (r=0.364; p = 0.009) and oxygen desaturation index (r=0.350; p = 0.012) after adjustment for age and
BMI Z-score., but not with snoring time or phase angle degree.Conclusions: Nasal obstruction test may be a useful, time saving
assessment which aid exploring sleep
disordered breathing in children. However, this test should not be used alone because it is plagued by objective consideration and at risk of under or overestimation.
Polish camp literature. A few questions about a synthesis that is missing
Authors: Kulesza Dariusz
Published: May 2018

The author of the text poses questions why there has never been a historical and literary synthesis regarding Polish camp literature, Lager-themed in particular, as Gulag literature possesses at least protosyntheses. He presents his answers which refer to the significance of Tadeusz Borowski’s camp prose, the exceptionality of the Holocaust, and the differences in recording the camp experience domestically and during emigration. What is most important in the article is the indication of the opportunities available today, regardless of the virtually impossible to overcome difficulties, for at least a preliminary synthesis of Polish camp literature to exist. The starting point for that postulate is the application of external criteria: historical-geographical (which camps, when and where?), and historical and literary considering such categories and study perspectives as periodisation, genology, and comparative study.
DP camp – literary accounts of the life “in between” An invitation to the topic
Authors: Krupa Bartłomiej
Published: May 2018

The article constitutes a preliminary attempt at reading from literature the condition of the survivors – people interned in German displaced persons’ camps immediately after WWII. In that context, the author considers the saturated with satire, grotesque, and sarcasm novel by Tadeusz Nowakowski entitled Obóz Wszystkich Świętych. Nowakowski’s vision is supplemented with Tadeusz Borowski’s story entitled Bitwa pod Grunwaldem, as well as his poems, e.g. Dary demokratyczne, and Jerzy Podgórski’s reports in the series W południowych Niemczech, in which DP camps were compared to an etching by Henry Moore presenting human-like figures sleeping in a tunnel. A separate consideration was applied to the fortunes of Ida Fink, interned in the Ettlingen camp. The writer reminisced on the time in her novel entitled The Journey, and in interviews. The analyses of the texts led the author to the conclusion that the discussed narratives indicate the inability to experience solace during (apparent) acquittal, and the inability to return to pre-WWII times.
“Birdless Sky”. On one of the topoi in Lager literature (and its fringes)
Authors: Krupiński Piotr
Published: May 2018

The aim of the article is to indicate a recurring motif in the writings devoted to Nazi concentration camps. In many of the accounts of male and female internees the camp was described as a place “where birds did not sing”. As a territory over which there spun an empty silent sky. “A Birdless Sky”. The author of the study, utilising various sources, attempted to study the phenomenon from different perspectives. The results of scientific ornithological studies conducted by Günther Niethammer, a scientist and an SS guard at KL Auschwitz proved a rather unexpected point of reference for the voices of the internees. The presented article refers to the increasingly lively contemporary research into the topics of Lager and Holocaust literatures. Ecocriticism and environmentalism have been some of the more significant inspirations of the proposed discussion. By introducing a post-anthropocentric perspective, the author was able to expand the historical field to include non-human beings (animals, plants, landscapes).
Survival strategy. The Death Brigade by Leon Weliczker
Authors: Przymuszała Beata
Published: May 2018

The article discusses the account by Leon Weliczker (The Death Brigade) who belonged to the Sonderkommando in the Janowska camp. When describing everyday life centring on the removal of corpses, Weliczker also revealed his own methods for survival. Trauma discourse focusses on trauma’s later influence, in the case of the analysed text that applies to an attempt at recording a continuing traumatic state. In applying the psychological context, the author indicates how Weliczker tried to minimise the influence of trauma by utilising various mechanisms for controlling and suppressing emotions.
KONSEP SENI DAN KEINDAHAN M. IQBAL
Authors: Soleh A. Khudori
Published: May 2018

Generally, art work is divided in two great sects: expressionism and functionalism. The first sect is based on the interest in the art itself, whereas the second sect links its work to others, such as social problem in the surroundings. The art concept of Iqbal seems to adopt two sects, expressionism and functionalism. With expressionism,-Iqbal asserted that an art must constitute a creation of creativities and be originally from the artist him/herself not from a repetition or imitation. On functionalism, Iqbal stated that an art is not free from the certain purposes which must be morally achieved.-Finally, based on his own concept, Iqbal maintains certain criteria and purposes which have to be in an art work. Those criteria are: 1) art must be a creative work, and 2) the creativities must be original and not the result of plagiarism. In addition, the purposes and the functions that must be guaranteed are: 1) to create the missing thing to the life in hereafter or immortality, 2) to give cultivation for human being in the world, and 3) to give motivation for people progression. 

 

Umumnya, karya seni terbagi dalam dua sekte besar: ekspresionisme dan fungsionalisme. Sekte pertama didasarkan pada kepentingan dalam seni itu sendiri, sedangkan sekte kedua menghubungkan pekerjaannya dengan orang lain, seperti masalah sosial di sekitarnya. Konsep seni Iqbal tampaknya mengadopsi dua sekte, ekspresionisme dan fungsionalisme. Dengan ekspresionisme, -Iqbal menegaskan bahwa sebuah seni harus merupakan penciptaan kreativitas dan berasal dari seniman itu sendiri bukan dari pengulangan atau tiruan. Pada fungsionalisme, Iqbal menyatakan bahwa sebuah seni tidak terlepas dari tujuan tertentu yang harus dicapai secara moral.-Akhirnya, berdasarkan konsepnya sendiri, Iqbal mempertahankan beberapa kriteria dan tujuan yang harus ada dalam sebuah karya seni. Kriteria tersebut adalah: 1) seni harus menjadi karya kreatif, dan 2) kreativitas harus asli dan bukan hasil plagiarisme. Selain itu, tujuan dan fungsi yang harus dijamin adalah: 1) Menciptakan hal yang hilang bagi kehidupan di akhirat atau keabadian, 2) memberi kultivasi bagi manusia di dunia, dan 3) memberi motivasi bagi perkembangan orang. 
DINAMIKA PENDIDIKAN ISLAM DI INDONESIA: Kajian Historis Dari Tradisional Menuju Kontemporer
Authors: Asrori Mohammad
Published: May 2018

Observing Islamic education in Indonesia, historically, it was started from a religious boarding school called "Pesantren". It received an outstanding welcome from society, although it had not been called yet as a legal and formal education in Majapahit era. However, in Mataram era, education in pesantren had started crawling step by step to the direction of formalization. Moreover, at the same time, many social-religious organizations, education, discourses were established, such as Muhammadiyah, Nahdhatul Ulama, al-Irsyad, Jamyyatul Washliyah, and etc. Our Islamic education recently starts to develop rapidly in which developmental pattern is more modern and contemporary. Besides, there are some Islamic schools from high schools to state or private universities such as UIN, Islamic University of Indonesia (UII), Muhammadiyah University of Malang (UMM), Darul Ulum University of Jombang (UNDAR), and etc. The best solution of our Islamic education today can be seen from many opinions such as As-Saibany, Azyumardi Azra, A.Malik Fajar, M- Tholhah Hasan.

 

Mengamati pendidikan Islam di Indonesia, secara historis, dimulai dari pesantren yang disebut "pesantren". Ini mendapat sambutan yang luar biasa dari masyarakat, meski belum disebut sebagai pendidikan hukum dan formal di era Majapahit. Namun, di era Mataram, pendidikan di pesantren sudah mulai merangkak selangkah demi selangkah sampai ke arah formalisasi. Selain itu, pada saat bersamaan, banyak organisasi sosial keagamaan, pendidikan, wacana didirikan, seperti Muhammadiyah, Nahdhatul Ulama, al-Irsyad, Jamyyatul Washliyah, dan lain-lain. Pendidikan Islam kita baru-baru ini mulai berkembang dengan cepat dimana pola perkembangannya lebih banyak. modern dan kontemporer. Selain itu, ada beberapa sekolah Islam dari sekolah menengah sampai universitas negeri atau swasta seperti UIN, Universitas Islam Indonesia (UII), Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang (UMM), Universitas Darul Ulum Jombang (UNDAR), dan lain-lain. Solusi terbaik Pendidikan Islam kita saat ini bisa dilihat dari banyak pendapat seperti As-Saibany, Azyumardi Azra, A.Malik Fajar, M-Tholhah Hasan.
HAMBATAN DAN MODEL DIALOG KEAGAMAAN DI ERA KONTEMPORER
Authors: Esha Muhammad In’am
Published: May 2018

This paper examines problems of religious dialogues in this contemporary era. The conclusion of this discussion suggests that religious dialogue is one of the important problems in the globalization era that becomes one of the alternative methods to anticipate religious conflicts in our society. There are many barriers to develop religious dialogues, such as the level of knowledge, social-political problems, and psychological and theological barriers. In the recent era, three models of religious dialogue can be developed, that is, theological dialogue, anthropological dialogue, and cosmological dialogue.

 

Makalah ini membahas masalah dialog keagamaan di era kontemporer ini. Kesimpulan dari diskusi ini menunjukkan bahwa dialog keagamaan merupakan salah satu masalah penting di era globalisasi yang menjadi salah satu metode alternatif untuk mengantisipasi konflik agama di masyarakat kita. Ada banyak hambatan untuk mengembangkan dialog keagamaan, seperti tingkat pengetahuan, masalah sosial-politik, dan hambatan psikologis dan teologis. Di era baru-baru ini, tiga model dialog keagamaan dapat dikembangkan, yaitu dialog teologis, dialog antropologis, dan dialog kosmologis.
MENGEMBANGKAN ISLAM DENGAN LOCAL WISDOM: Strategi Kebudayaan Nahdlatul Ulama
Authors: Arifi Ahmad
Published: May 2018

Religion and culture are two entities which always interact to each other. Interaction between religion and culture can manifest in cohesiveness of religion into community culture in the form of plural society behavior as an expression of religious society. In addition, a culture of society can integrate into the practices of religious values that manifested in the spirit of religious society. Further, it is called as religious traditions or religious experiences based culture. The Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) is a Muslim community which upholds local tradition values. Its movement is based on three principles: Islamic values, Indonesian culture and community benefit. The implementation of these principles required the understanding of local wisdom as the heart of the community. As long as the local tradition goes with the principles, it can accomodate the model of cultural development of NU. Therefore, the religious practices of nahdliyyin (members of the NU) reflect the nuance of Islamic culture.

 

Agama dan budaya adalah dua entitas yang selalu berinteraksi satu sama lain. Interaksi antara agama dan budaya dapat bermanifestasi dalam kekompakan agama ke dalam budaya masyarakat dalam bentuk perilaku masyarakat majemuk sebagai ungkapan masyarakat religius. Selain itu, budaya masyarakat dapat mengintegrasikan ke dalam praktik nilai-nilai agama yang terwujud dalam semangat masyarakat beragama. Selanjutnya, ini disebut sebagai tradisi keagamaan atau budaya berbasis pengalaman religius. Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) adalah komunitas Muslim yang menjunjung tinggi nilai tradisi lokal. Pergerakannya didasarkan pada tiga prinsip: nilai Islam, budaya Indonesia dan manfaat masyarakat. Penerapan prinsip-prinsip ini mewajibkan pemahaman kearifan lokal sebagai jantung masyarakat. Selama tradisi lokal berjalan dengan prinsip, ia bisa mengakomodasi model perkembangan budaya NU. Oleh karena itu, praktik keagamaan nahdliyyin (anggota NU) mencerminkan nuansa budaya Islam.
AGAMA DAN RITUAL SLAMETAN: Deskripsi-Antropologis Keberagamaan Masyarakat Jawa
Authors: Kholil A.
Published: May 2018

Substantially, the core of religious belief is believing God as being transcendental, sacred, pure, above everything related to the Almighty. Functionally, the core of religious belief is an effort to handle life problems: existential problems. Religion always leads to goodness physically and spiritually. However, the followers of religion do not always do it. Diversity thought in a religion using charity done by its followers always colors tire practice of the social diversity. It might be caused by a misinterpretation to the doctrine or certain vested interests often happened in the political life. In fact, this is the reality happened in the religious life of our society. "Religious ambiguity" appears in "slametan" becoming tire tradition of our society, especially Javanese. "Slametan" presents symbolism that needs more explanation to be rightly understood. "Sega golong", "manungsa",and "pecel pitik" are symbolizing for nine orifices, "manunggal ing rasa", and an effort to get goodness.

 

Secara substansial, inti keyakinan religius adalah mempercayai Tuhan sebagai transendental, sakral, murni, di atas segala hal yang berhubungan dengan Yang Maha Kuasa. Secara fungsional, inti keyakinan religius adalah upaya untuk mengatasi masalah hidup: masalah eksistensial. Agama selalu mengarah pada kebaikan jasmani dan rohani. Namun, para penganut agama tidak selalu melakukannya. Keragaman pemikiran dalam sebuah agama yang menggunakan amal yang dilakukan oleh para pengikutnya selalu mewarnai praktek ban dari keanekaragaman sosial. Hal itu mungkin disebabkan oleh salah tafsir terhadap doktrin atau kepentingan tertentu yang sering terjadi dalam kehidupan politik. Padahal, inilah kenyataan yang terjadi dalam kehidupan religius masyarakat kita. "Ambiguitas religius" muncul dalam "slametan" menjadi tradisi ban masyarakat kita, terutama orang Jawa. "Slametan" menyajikan simbolisme yang membutuhkan penjelasan lebih banyak agar dipahami dengan benar. "Sega golong", "manungsa", dan "pecel pitik" melambangkan sembilan lubang, "manunggal ing rasa", dan usaha untuk mendapatkan kebaikan.
BUDAYA BERHUNI KAUM SUFISTIK BORJUIS: Kontestasi Simbolik dalam Konstruksi Rumah Adat Kudus
Authors: Said Nur
Published: May 2018

Omah, Javanese term for house, is not only as a place to protect from hot and cold weather, importantly, as a place for Javanese people to actualize themselves both personally and socially. This is interesting to expose as its existence represents the symbolic fight of negotiation process between cultures happened in its period. The relationship between the house and its occupant symbolizes the cultural apprenticeship which is expressed in the use of the room. The house also represents the substance and material aspect, even, the first one still becomes the main concern. The substance aspect can be seen in the ornament which sometimes still has animal picture, as Sunan Kudus is someone who has high tolerance. The material aspect expresses the strategy to defend the existence and dignity. As a whole, the house represents the face of Islam which is substantive-esoteric, and still considers existentialist-symbolic aspect as another important aspect

 

Omah, istilah Jawa untuk rumah, tidak hanya sebagai tempat untuk melindungi dari cuaca panas dan dingin, yang penting, sebagai tempat bagi orang Jawa untuk mengaktualisasikan diri mereka baik secara pribadi maupun sosial. Hal ini menarik untuk diungkapkan karena keberadaannya merupakan pertarungan simbolis dalam proses negosiasi antara budaya yang terjadi pada periode tersebut. Hubungan antara rumah dan penghuninya melambangkan magang budaya yang diungkapkan dalam penggunaan ruangan. Rumah juga mewakili substansi dan aspek material, bahkan yang pertama tetap menjadi perhatian utama. Aspek substansi bisa dilihat pada ornamen yang terkadang masih memiliki gambar binatang, karena Sunan Kudus adalah seseorang yang memiliki toleransi tinggi. Aspek material mengekspresikan strategi untuk mempertahankan eksistensi dan martabat. Secara keseluruhan, rumah tersebut mewakili wajah Islam yang bersifat substantif-esoteris, dan masih menganggap aspek eksistensialis-simbolis sebagai aspek penting lainnya.
TINJAUAN BUDAYA ATAS KULTUR TASAWUF BERBASIS MURSYID PEREMPUAN
Authors: Mustofa Mustofa
Published: May 2018

Male and female, basically, have the same chance as idol muttaqin person, as well as a leader in the earth, including becoming a teacher of tarekat (mursyid). Assigning female as mursyid will not reduce or break the identity of the Sufism group, on the other hand, it is a kind of glorifying and respecting to the God. However, in tasawuf culture, most of the rituals conducted by the followers often reflecting the God in the male form. This conception, then, influences the way they lead the group. The common way of practicing the leadership model finally drives into legalizing the male superiority as the mursyid rather than the female one. Because of the phenomenon, the paper is written, to explore the issues on male and female role in the Sufism, specifically, for becoming the mursyid. It is expected to be powerful and meaningful cultural analysis which is viewed from tasawuf paradigm.

 

Pria dan wanita pada dasarnya memiliki kesempatan yang sama dengan orang idola muttaqin, sekaligus pemimpin di bumi, termasuk menjadi guru tarekat (mursyid). Menugaskan wanita sebagai mursyid tidak akan mengurangi atau menghancurkan identitas kelompok Sufisme, di sisi lain, ini adalah semacam memuliakan dan menghormati Tuhan. Namun, dalam budaya tasawuf, sebagian besar ritual yang dilakukan oleh para pengikut sering mencerminkan Tuhan dalam bentuk laki-laki. Konsepsi ini, kemudian, mempengaruhi cara mereka memimpin kelompok. Cara umum mempraktikkan model kepemimpinan akhirnya mendorong legalisasi keunggulan laki-laki sebagai mursyid dan bukan pada perempuan. Karena fenomena tersebut, tulisan itu ditulis, untuk mengeksplorasi isu peran pria dan wanita dalam tasawuf, khususnya, untuk menjadi mursyid. Hal ini diharapkan bisa menjadi analisis budaya yang kuat dan bermakna yang dilihat dari paradigma tasawuf.

 
SASTRA DAN ISLAM CATATAN SEPUTAR DIALEKTIKA SISTEM NILAI
Authors: Syaifuddin Helmi
Published: May 2018

Literature and Islam are two entities that do not have to be related. Due to the fact, literature can develop and flourish without any Islamic emblems in it. Even if there is a connection, the relationship between literature and Islam is actually very problematic. That is because the Islamic dustur (al-Quran), as a source of inspiration that complements every aesthetic momentum in Islamic civilization, expressly requires the integration of two totally different world existence in a space of beauty. This paper deals with the dialectic between the literary and Islamic value systems. Semiology of Islamic literature is spelled out in two aspects of meaning that are individual and universal. Individual interpreted Islamic literature has a subordinate attachment to religion while the universal interpreted by Islamic literature has unlimited opportunities of space and time to move and find spiritual meaning in life.

 

Sastra dan Islam adalah dua entitas yang tidak harus ada kaitannya. Karena kenyataannya, sastra dapat tumbuh subur dan berkembang tanpa harus ada embel-embel Islam di dalamnya. Kalaupun ada kaitannya, hubungan antara sastra dan Islam sesungguhnya sangat problematis. Hal itu dikarenakan dustur Islam (al-Quran), sebagai sumber inspirasi yang melengkapi setiap momentum estetik dalam peradaban Islam, dengan tegas mensyaratkan adanya keterpaduan antara dua eksistensi dunia yang benar-benar berbeda dalam sebuah ruang keindahan. Tulisan ini menyinggung dialektika antara sistem nilai sastra dan Islam. Semiologi sastra Islam termantrakan dalam dua segi makna yang bersifat individual dan universal. Individual dimaknai sastra Islam memiliki keterikatan subordinatif terhadap agama sedangkan universal dimaknai dengan sastra Islam memiliki peluang tak terbatas ruang dan waktu untuk bergerak menemukan makna spiritual dalam kehidupan.
KAJIAN ATAS RELASI ISLAM DAN DEMOKRASI
Authors: Huda Miftahul
Published: May 2018

There is a relation between democratic development in Indonesia with Islamic sharia. If we want to include military aspect, it can also depend on Islamic movement. Thus, Islamic concepts have to be the promoter for democratic struggle. However, this role will not be effective if Islam does not hold a dialogue with other forces of politic. Hence, Islam is required to be the democratic religion. Politics in Islam will be discussed in this article along with the explanation about democracy as the equality in Politics. The principles of Islamic democratic are also presented as a part of the realization of humans’ harmony life. It is called harmony life since it has the practices of democratic such as doing discussion, teamwork, and freedom to choose.

 

Perkembangan demokrasi di Indonesia ada relasinya dengan syariat Islam. Kalaupun dimasukkan juga unsur militer, militer pun akan bergantung pada gerak Islam. Dengan demikian, konsep-konsep Islam harus menjadi promotor bagi perjuangan demokrasi. Akan tetapi, peran ini tidak akan efektif selama Islam tidak membuka dialog dengan kekuatan politik lainnya. Karena itu, Islam tetap dituntut menjadi Islam yang demokratis. Islam politik akan menjadi bahasan dalam artikel ini, juga penjelasan tentang demokrasi sebagai kesetaraan politik. Kaidah demokrasi Islam juga dibahas sebagai bentuk realisasi kehidupan harmonis manusia. Disebut hidup harmonis karena menganut praktik demokrasi seperti msuyawarah, kerja sama, dan kebebasan memilih.
ANALISIS LIKUIDITAS SAHAM SEBELUM, SAAT DAN SESUDAH PENGUMUMAN STOCH SPLIT
Authors: Sucipto Agus
Published: May 2018

Stock split announcement is one of information type published by emitent that is used to know market reaction. When stock split announcement contains information, the market reacts that is shown by the changing of stock price. This study is intended to describe the effect of stock split announcement to market reaction using event study. This approach is used to identify the reaction of the market which is an activity of trading volume and bid-ask spread of stock used to know stock liquidity. The findings show that there is no significant difference between stock trading volume activity before, during and after stock split announcement. Whereas, the period of before and after the announcement, there is a significant difference of stock trading volume activity. The finding of bid-ask spread stock shows that there is a significant difference in the period of before and after stock split announcement. But there is no significant difference in the period of before and after stock split announcement.

 

Pengumuman pemecahan saham adalah salah satu jenis informasi yang diterbitkan oleh emiten yang digunakan untuk mengetahui reaksi pasar. Bila pengumuman pemecahan saham berisi informasi, pasar bereaksi yang ditunjukkan oleh perubahan harga saham. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan efek pengumuman pemecahan saham terhadap reaksi pasar dengan menggunakan kajian peristiwa. Pendekatan ini digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi reaksi pasar yang merupakan aktivitas volume perdagangan dan pemecahan saham yang digunakan untuk mengetahui likuiditas saham. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara aktivitas volume perdagangan saham sebelum, selama dan setelah pengumuman pemecahan saham. Padahal, periode sebelum dan sesudah pengumuman, ada perbedaan yang signifikan dari aktivitas volume perdagangan saham. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa ada perbedaan yang signifikan pada periode sebelum dan sesudah pengumuman pemecahan saham. Namun tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan pada periode sebelum dan sesudah pengumuman pemecahan saham.
PENDIDIKAN ISLAM DAN KERUKUNAN: Sebuah Refleksi terhadap Konflik antar Pemeluk Agama di Indonesia
Authors: Fauzi Moch. Sony
Published: May 2018

Education is a process of individual continuously learning and adaptation to the cultural values and social ideals. Education is a comprehensive process including all the aspects of life to prepare them to be able to face all the challenges. Considering the definition, we will see how dominant the aspects of human life style management in order to be in accordance with the universe are. An education process is expected to produce tolerance, egalitarianism, and skills to actualize one's self in the constellation of human life dynamics. It is also expected to produce peace and harmony as a part of ideal community with the educated people as the members. It means that the education process is considered failed if it produces totalitarian cannibalism that can easily arouse conflicts among people. Therefore, the understanding of an ideal Islamic education that is accommodative to the values of plurality and brotherhood among people should emerge. Finally, the values can be the source of aspiration in rearranging the religious concept of this nation to regain the peace that has once been disappeared because of the conflict among the religious communities, through education

 

Pendidikan adalah proses individu yang terus belajar dan beradaptasi dengan nilai budaya dan cita-cita sosial. Pendidikan adalah proses yang komprehensif termasuk semua aspek kehidupan untuk mempersiapkan mereka untuk dapat menghadapi semua tantangan. Dengan mempertimbangkan definisinya, kita akan melihat betapa dominannya aspek manajemen gaya hidup manusia agar sesuai dengan alam semesta tersebut. Proses pendidikan diharapkan bisa menghasilkan toleransi, egalitarianisme, dan keterampilan untuk mengaktualisasikan diri seseorang dalam konvergensi dinamika kehidupan manusia. Hal ini juga diharapkan dapat menghasilkan kedamaian dan harmoni sebagai bagian dari komunitas ideal dengan orang-orang terpelajar sebagai anggotanya. Artinya, proses pendidikan dianggap gagal jika menghasilkan kanibalisme totaliter yang bisa dengan mudah menimbulkan konflik antar manusia. Oleh karena itu, pemahaman tentang pendidikan Islam ideal yang akomodatif terhadap nilai pluralitas dan persaudaraan antarmanusia diharapkan muncul. Akhirnya, nilai-nilai bisa menjadi sumber aspirasi dalam menata ulang konsep religius bangsa ini untuk mendapatkan kembali kedamaian yang dulunya lenyap karena konflik antar umat beragama, melalui pendidikan.
MANUSIA DI MUKA CERMIN IBN ARABI: Memahami Hakikat Manusia Dengan Kacamata Ibn Arabi
Authors: Kholil Ahmad
Published: May 2018

Although the essence of human being has been questioned long times ago, there are many conceptual answers toward that question. Thus it is common if human beings, as social and individual creatures may try to question it to find new answers. The answer is mainly obtained by contemplating one's self based on the existing concept or reflecting one's self using an individual spiritual experience. The understanding to the essence of human beings described in this writing is based on the concept given by al-Syaikh al-Akbar ibn Arabi who is philosophical as well as sufistic. Who is a man? A man is "God" in its tajalli perfect form in the universe. Therefore, a man is not perfect when he cannot show God's characteristics. Ibn Arabi says, "one of this characteristics is to become a responsible leader either for himself or others".

 

Meskipun esensi manusia telah dipertanyakan sejak lama, ada banyak jawaban konseptual untuk pertanyaan itu. Jadi, adalah hal yang biasa jika manusia, karena makhluk sosial dan individu dapat mencoba menanyainya untuk menemukan jawaban baru. Jawabannya terutama diperoleh dengan merenungkan diri seseorang berdasarkan konsep yang ada atau mencerminkan diri seseorang dengan menggunakan pengalaman spiritual individu. Pemahaman terhadap esensi manusia yang digambarkan dalam tulisan ini didasarkan pada konsep yang diberikan oleh al-Syaikh al-Akbar ibn Arabi yang filosofis sekaligus sufistik. Siapa pria Seorang pria adalah "Tuhan" dalam bentuk tajalli yang sempurna di alam semesta. Karena itu, seorang pria tidak sempurna saat dia tidak bisa menunjukkan sifat Tuhan. Ibn Arabi mengatakan, "salah satu karakteristik ini adalah menjadi pemimpin yang bertanggung jawab baik untuk dirinya sendiri maupun orang lain".
KONSEP KEPRIBADIAN GURU: PERSPEKTIF HISTORIS
Authors: Abubakar Isti'anah
Published: May 2018

Teaching is perceived as a very heavy duty, but for other, teaching is the art and full charity. Teacher is person who teaches pupils to rich their best life. However, public does not care about the teaching profession. New generations are seemingly not interested in this profession. Lack in prosperity of teacher's life is the main factors of public's undesirable to the teaching profession which becomes a problem. Based on the phenomenon, there are many ways to undertake. One of them is Public Regulation of Teaching Profession (UU No. 14, 2005). The regulation is not the mere solution, yet, it is recommended that teacher's personality and performance have to improve to the ideal one. This paper offers the effort which is based on qonaah and commitment. It means that teachers should not be passive by encouraging themselves to conduct classroom action research. In addition, teachers should uphold their commitment to improve their integrity as professional teacher. 

Pengajaran dianggap sebagai tugas yang sangat berat, tapi bagi yang lain, pengajaran adalah seni dan amal penuh. Guru adalah orang yang mengajarkan murid untuk kaya dengan kehidupan terbaik mereka. Namun, masyarakat tidak peduli dengan profesi mengajar. Generasi baru nampaknya tidak tertarik dengan profesi ini. Kurangnya kemakmuran hidup guru merupakan faktor utama yang tidak diinginkan masyarakat terhadap profesi mengajar yang menjadi masalah. Berdasarkan fenomena tersebut, ada banyak cara untuk melakukan. Salah satunya adalah Peraturan Umum Profesi Pengajaran (UU No. 14, 2005). Peraturannya bukanlah solusi belaka, namun, disarankan agar kepribadian dan kinerja guru harus ditingkatkan sesuai keinginan. Makalah ini menawarkan usaha yang didasarkan pada qonaah dan komitmen. Artinya, guru tidak boleh bersikap pasif dengan mendorong diri mereka untuk melakukan penelitian tindakan kelas. Selain itu, guru harus menjunjung tinggi komitmen mereka untuk meningkatkan integritas mereka sebagai guru profesional.
ISLAM DAN REVOLUSI: Posisi Dan Peran Ulama Dalam Revolusi Islam Iran
Authors: Fahruddin Fahruddin
Published: May 2018

This article explains that Islam, as a religion, demonstrates phenomena of social revolution. One of essential revolutions is Iranian Revolution. It has attracted almost all elements of society, from grass roots to elites. The discussion of Iranian Revolution is always interconnected with Moslem intellectuals. They were the decision makers of the revolution. There was the viewpoint discrepancy of Moslem intellectuals before and after the revolution. Before Iranian revolution, they had similar idea to end the authoritarian rezime (Reza Pahlevi) which was supported by the Western countries. However, after the revolution, Muslim intellectuals grew to be two groups: the reformism and the conservatism. Both groups see the authority of wilayah al faqih differently. The reformist group thought that wilayah al faqih was not valid to be the guide after revolution, but conservative group viewed conversely.

 

Artikel ini menjelaskan bahwa sebagai agama, Islam menunjukkan fenomena revolusi sosial. Salah satu revolusi yang penting ialah revolusi Iran. Ia menarik perhatian hampir seluruh elemen masyarakat dari kaum pribumi hingga kaum elit. Diskusi tentang Revolusi Iran selalu berhubungan dengan cendekiawan Muslim. Mereka adalah pembuat keputusan dalam revolusi. Ada ketidakcocokan sudut pandang cendekiawan Muslim sebelum dan sesudah revolusi. Sebelum revolusi Iran, mereka sependapat untuk mengakhiri rezim otoriter (Reza Pahlevi), yang didukung oleh negara-negara Barat. Sebaliknya, setelah revolusi, cendekiawan Muslim terbagi dua golongan: reformis dan konservatif. Kedua grup memandang otoritas wilayah al faqih secara berbeda. Grup reformis berpendapat bahwa wilayah al faqih tidak valid untuk dijadikan pedoman setelah revolusi, sedangkan grup konservatif berpendapat sebaliknya.

 
Differential Effects of an Evolutionary-Based EMDR Therapy on Depression and Anxiety Symptoms: A Case Series Study
Authors: Krupnik Valery
Published: May 2018

A novel evolutionary-based therapy, treating depression downhill (TDD), was designed as a specific therapy for depression as a syndrome (Krupnik, 2014) and later integrated with eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) therapy into a combined TDD-EMDR treatment. The combined therapy integrates modified EMDR procedures into the theoretical context of TDD. These procedures are applied during the second (acceptance) stage of TDD-EMDR’s three-stage proltocol with the focus on acceptance of defeat/failure/loss rather than on distressing memories. Here, we report a case series of 21 military personnel diagnosed with depressive disorders, who received a course of TDD-EMDR. Eighty percent of completers (n= 15) did not meet the criteria of depressive disorder by the treatment’s end. After 12 sessions, they showed a significant reduction on the Beck’s Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) with a large effect size (d= 2.8) and an increase in accepting disposition (d= 1.8) on the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire. Noncompleters showed similar to completers decrease of BDI-II scores at mid-treatment. We observed no statistically significant decrease of the anxiety symptoms on the Beck’s Anxiety Inventory. These results suggest that TDD-EMDR may be an effective treatment for depressive disorders. They also indicate that it may preferentially target depressive over anxiety symptoms, as was previously observed for TDD. Suggestions are made for future research.
EMDR-Based Divorce Recovery Group: A Case Study
Authors: Wong Sik-Lam
Published: May 2018

This case study investigated the effects of an eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR)-based divorce recovery group, consisting of four modalities: (a) modified EMDR Integrative Group Treatment Protocol adapted for adolescents and adults living with ongoing traumatic stress (EMDR-IGTP-OTS) to deal with the trauma from the divorce, (b) modified Affect Circuit Reset protocol to reduce intensity of negative affects, (c) psychoeducation on affects and divorce-related issues, and (d) small group discussion. The divorce recovery program is an attempt to provide an affordable, trauma-focused intervention for divorce recovery for low-income populations. This report summarizes the outcomes in a divorce recovery group of six women, all Chinese immigrants. Aside from one person in the midst of divorce, the group consisted of individuals divorced for 7 years or more, for whom the distress had lasted more than the 2 to 3 years typical of divorce recovery. Short Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Rating Interview (SPRINT) scores collected at the beginning of week 2, at the end of week 7, and at the beginning of week 8 showed PTSD symptoms dropping from severe to mild. The mean SPRINT scores at 6 weeks and 13 weeks after treatment continued to decrease, approaching the no/minimal symptom range. The SPRINT scores showed a 65.6% reduction between week 2 (18.0 [SD = 8.4]) and 13 weeks after treatment (6.2 [SD= 5.5]), with a large effect size of d = 1.40, and a significant decrease of t(4)=4.0, p = .016.
Becoming Known: A Relational Model Utilizing Gestalt and Ego State-Assisted EMDR in Treating Eating Disorders
Authors: Seubert Andrew
Published: May 2018

Eating disorders (EDs) require a multidisciplinary approach, rather than a hammer-and-nail perspective. Based upon recent research and more than a decade of clinical experience, this article highlights the need to include a trauma-informed and dissociation-sensitive treatment of EDs. The emphasis is on EDs as a dissociative coping strategy, created in many cases to tolerate the intolerable. Ego state therapy, Gestalt principles, and empty chair technique support the adaptive information processing (AIP) of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) in both metabolizing painful experiences that give rise to EDs and in loosening the stranglehold of anxiety and shame. The acronym RUG-C introduces four universal principles in working with ego states: recognition, understanding, gratitude and goal setting, and collaboration. Relational ruptures between ego states/parts of the client (intrapsychic) and between the client and the world (interpersonal) are created in the client’s efforts to deal with painful experiences both large and small. They are repaired in the therapeutic relationship, in the processing of past trauma, and in the rescue of body image from the power of shame. Three case reports, with transcripts, are provided to illustrate conceptualization and its application.
Impact neurobiologique de l’EMDR dans le cancer
Authors: Carletto Sara , Pagani Marco
Published: May 2018

L’exposition à une maladie mortelle comme le cancer peut constituer une expérience traumatique qui dans certains cas peut conduire au développement d’un état de stress post-traumatique (ESPT). Au cours des dernières années, plusieurs études ont investigué ce syndrome chez des patients atteints de cancer, mais peu se sont centrées sur la neurobiologie sous-jacente. Le but de ce texte est de passer en revue la littérature actuelle sur la neurobiologie de l’ESPT dans les maladies oncologiques, en se centrant sur une comparaison des résultats d’études neurobiologiques de l’ESPT chez des patients non atteints de cancer ainsi que sur les traitements ayant montré des résultats efficaces pour ce trouble. Les structures cérébrales jouant un rôle dans l’apparition de l’ESPT en psycho-oncologie, en particulier des symptômes intrusifs, semblent être les mêmes que celles impliquées dans l’ESPT non-oncologique. Ces résultats peuvent avoir des implications importantes sur un plan clinique également, en suggérant que les psychothérapies démontrées comme efficaces dans le traitement de l’ESPT dans différentes populations peuvent aussi être proposées aux patients présentant des symptômes post-traumatiques dus au cancer. D’autres études sont nécessaires pour approfondir nos connaissances sur la neurobiologie de l’ESPT lié au cancer et son traitement, afin de transposer les résultats dans la pratique clinique.
Aplicación de la terapia EMDR a las conductas autolesivas
Authors: Mosquera Dolores , Ross Colin A.
Published: May 2018

Las autolesiones suelen ser una estrategia de afrontamiento derivada del trauma, que pueden entenderse desde la perspectiva del modelo de procesamiento adaptativo de la información (PAI) y tratarse con terapia de desensibilización y reprocesamiento mediante movimientos oculares (EMDR) (Shapiro, 1995, 2001). Las autolesiones a menudo están conectadas con recuerdos de experiencias adversas y traumáticas en la vida. Identificar y procesar estos recuerdos con terapia EMDR puede poner fin al comportamiento autodestructivo. Además, las autolesiones suelen tener su base en la falta de habilidades de regulación, y estos déficits de habilidades también se pueden abordar en la terapia EMDR. En este artículo, los autores describen estrategias para tratar las autolesiones a lo largo de las 8 fases de EMDR. Aunque no existe un enfoque único que se aplique en todos los casos, el terapeuta debe hacer una historia meticulosa de las autolesiones, sus orígenes históricos, y sus desencadenantes y funciones en el presente para formular un plan de tratamiento. A menudo, según la experiencia de los autores, las autolesiones funcionan como una estrategia de autorregulación que vuelve a disociar las emociones traumáticas de la infancia. Las estrategias de tratamiento para las Fases 3-8 de la terapia EMDR se ilustran a través de ejemplos de casos.
Effect of copper-enriched layers on localized corrosion of aluminium-copper alloys
Authors: Arenas-Vara María Ángeles , Skeldon Peter , García-Vergara Sandra Judith
Published: May 2018

Copper-enriched layers were developed onto aluminum-copper alloys using alkaline etching in sodium hydroxide, for both, sputter deposited and bulk conditions. Enriched alloys were evaluated by potentiodynamic polarization in sodium chloride solution in order to determine the effect of the enriched layers on the pitting potential of the alloys. Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy was employed to quantify the enrichments and their locations just beneath the alumina-based oxides remaining from the etching. For the sputter deposited aluminum-copper alloys, the results show some scattering of the pitting potential data, and no correlation between pitting potential and the alloy enriched layer. In the case of bulk Al-2wt.%Cu alloy, with the copper in solid-solution, the pitting potential increased for the enriched specimens, indicating also a different pit morphology, with respect to the non-enriched alloy.