bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perancangan Aplikasi Berbasis Web Untuk Penjualan Pakaian
Authors: khumairah Annisa suci
Published: May 2019

Kesya Butik merupakan sebuah perusahaan pakaian di Jakarta Utara yang menjual berbagai macam jenis pakaian seperti kaos, kemeja, celana,accecoris jaket, gaun, baju tidur, dress, dan lain sebagainya. Sejauh ini, sistem pengolahan data yang ada di Kesya Butik mulai dari pengolahan data inventory, serta laporan penjualan semuanya masih dicatat di dalam sebuah buku. Hal ini menyebabkan organisasi atau manajemen data belum terotomasi. Melihat alasan di atas, penulis bermaksud membuat aplikasi penjualan pakaian berbasis web untuk Kesya Butik dengan tujuan untuk membuat aplikasi yang menyediakan pencatatan data penjualan dan menyediakan menyediakan pencatatan data inventory. Kesya Butik adalah sebuah toko penjualan pakaian yang berskala menengah. Sejauh ini, pengolahan data yang ada di Kesya Butik mulai dari pengolahan data inventory,serta pengolahan data penjualan semuanya masih dicatat di dalam sebuah buku. Hal ini menyebabkan organisasi ataumanajemen data belum terotomasi.
The Youth and Childhood Adversity Scale: A step towards developing a new measure of adversity and its severity
Authors: Schlechter Pascal , Fritz Jessica , Cassels Matthew , Neufeld Sharon A.S. , Wilkinson Paul O.
Published: May 2019

Background: Early adversity (EA) can contribute to the onset, manifestation, and course of various mental disorders. Measuring EA is still conceptually and psychometrically challenging due to issues such as content coverage, wording of items, scaling methods, and validation procedures. Method: To this end, we have developed a 13-item measure of EA, the Youth and Childhood Adversity Scale (YCAS). Beyond a dichotomous assessment of whether a set of adverse events have been experienced, this scale assesses an important but currently under-investigated facet of EA: the respective severity of these events. Here, we evaluate the YCAS in a sample of 596 adolescent students (ages 16-19) and a second sample of 451 medical students (ages 18-30+). We psychometrically assessed both factor scores and sum scores of the YCAS.Results: In both samples a one-factorial solution was found for both responses to dichotomous items and severity items. Item loadings had a broad range, with minimum loadings of .1-.2 and maximum loadings of .7-.9. Irrespective of response type, this factor exhibited good reliability (omega total) and was associated with a range of mental health outcome measures, self-esteem, and childhood maltreatment. The sum score reliability (coefficient alpha) was acceptable and most of the associations with the validation measures held.Conclusions: The YCAS allows an efficient, reliable, and valid assessment of EA. The YCAS covers a reasonable breadth of events, while simultaneously being parsimonious. The psychometric soundness of the severity facet suggests that the assessment of adversity severity may be worthwhile, but needs further examination.
JENIS JENIS PUPUK DAN INDUSTRI PUPUK YANG BERADA DI INDONESIA
Authors: zalmi hendra , Gemasih M Iqbal Saputra , Rahmadani Aldi
Published: May 2019

Pupuk merupakan semua bahan yang ditaburkan pada seluruh bagian tanah yang bermaksud untuk memperbaiki sifat fisis, kimia dan biologis, agar dapat tumbuh subur sebagai tempat tumbuhnya tanaman, dan tanah semakin subur. Kegemburan merupakan salah satu sifat fisis tanah, dan juga berporositas serta memiliki sistem penyerapan. Keasaman tanah termasuk dari sifat kimia. Kehidupan organisme-organisme kecil termasuk sifat biologis. Ada dua jenis pupuk yakni, Pupuk alami merupakan pupuk yang dihasilkan dari alam seperti dari kotoran hewan dan tumbuhan yang terurai secara alami tanpa adanya sintesis kimia. Pupuk buatan merupakan pupuk yang dihasilkan dari hasil sintesis kimia. Pupuk alami lebih unggul daripada pupuk buatan karena pupuk organik dapat memperbaiki kesuburan tanah baik dari sifat fisis, kimia, maupun biologis.
ARAHAN PENGENDALIAN PEMBANGUNAN KAWASAN CAGAR BUDAYA CANDI TEBING GUNUNG KAWI TAMPAKSIRING KABUPATEN GIANYAR
Authors: Suprapto Nyoman Arto
Published: May 2019

Candi Tebing Gunung Kawi Tampaksiring (GKT) adalah salah satu aset/benda cagar budaya yang terletak di Kabupaten Gianyar. GKT ini memiliki potensi pariwisata yang sangat tinggi (wisata budaya), hal ini terbukti dari besarnya jumlah kunjungan wisatawan ke lokasi ini dari tahun ke tahun. Potensi pariwisata yang besar tersebut membawa dampak positif dan negatif terhadap keberadaan situs GKT. Dampak negatif dari perkembangan pariwisata tersebut adalah adanya intervensi terhadap aktivias GKT. Sehingga penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merumuskan arahan pemanfaatan lahan kawasan GKT.Metode analisa yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis scoring skala likert, analisis overlay, dan analisis kualitatif. Analis scoring skala likert digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi jenis kegiatan yang ada dan berpotensi ancaman. Analisis overlay digunakan untuk menentukan mintakat inti, mintakat penyangga dan mintakat pengembangan. Sedangkan analisa secara kualitatif digunakan untuk menentukan arahan pengendalian di tiap-tiap mintakat. Hasil analisa menunjukan bahwa jenis kegiatan dapat dikelompokan menjadi empat berdasarkan potensi tingkat ancaman dan tingkat kepentingannya, yaitu: jenis kegiatan yang memiliki ancaman tinggi dan kepentingan tinggi; jenis kegiatan yang memiliki ancaman tinggi dan kepentingan rendah; jenis kegiatan yang memiliki ancaman rendah dan kepentingan tinggi; dan jenis kegiatan yang memiliki ancaman rendah dan kepentingan rendah. Untuk menentukan mintakat inti, penyangga dan pengembangan jenis kegiatan ini digunakan sebagai faktor penentu selain variable-variabel perlindungan terhadap Benca Cagar Budaya (BCB), yaitu topograpi, radius kesucian pura, dan kebutuhan lahan untuk aktifitas adat. Mintakat inti adalah zona untuk BCB, sehingga jenis kegiatan yang dibolehkan hanya yang berhubungan dengan upacara keagamaan. Mintakat penyangga adalah zona pelindung terhadap zona inti baik secara langsung maupun tidak langsung, sehingga jenis kegiatan yang diijinkan adalah pertanian (sawah, kebun, dan ladang) yang tidak menghalangi pandangan terhadap BCB. Mintakat pengembangan adalah zona manfaat yang diperuntukan bagi masyarakat di sekitar BCB, sehingga jenis kegiatan yang diperbolehkan adalah jenis kegiatan yang memiliki potensi ancaman rendah dan kepentingan tinggi yaitu rumah tunggal, warung, ruko, toko, praktek dokter/bidan, industry kecil, pasar seni, sawah, ladang, kebun, dan atraksi budaya.Kata Kunci: benda/kawasan cagar budaya, zoning regulation, pengendalian pemanfaatan lahan
MEMAHAMI DAUR HIDUP PRODUK PADA BISNIS KECIL
Authors: Mulyana Mumuh , Saeny Ratna
Published: May 2019

Berdasarkan wawancara yang telah dilakukan, dapat disimpulkan bahwa ibu rumah tangga juga dapat berwirausaha yang tidak mengganggu tanggung jawabnya guna menambah pendapatan dan mencari pengalaman.
Navigating the Moral Minefields of Human Rights Advocacy in the Global South
Authors: Babcock Sandra L.
Published: May 2019

Northwestern University Journal of International Human Rights, Vol. 17, No. 1, 2019Human rights advocacy in foreign countries raises complex ethical, moral, and political questions. Legal scholars have challenged the legitimacy and accountability of international human rights activists that impose foreign agendas on local partners in the Global South. Development economists have raised related concerns about the impact of foreign assistance on government accountability. In this article, I use narrative storytelling techniques to illustrate the fraught strategic judgments and moral choices that permeate human rights advocacy. These narratives are drawn from my international human rights clinic’s twelve-year engagement in justice reform work in Malawi, where my students and I have been instrumental in the release of nearly 300 prisoners from Malawian prisons. Over more than a decade, we have periodically fallen prey to cultural misperceptions and ethical dilemmas that threatened to derail our success. The lessons derived from these experiences underscore the value of a long-term, incremental approach to human rights advocacy that prioritizes deep collaboration over short-term success.
Black Lives Matter for Whites’ Racial Prejudice: Assessing the Role of Social Movements in Shaping Racial Attitudes in the United States
Authors: Mazumder Soumyajit
Published: May 2019

Black Lives Matter (BLM) is one of the most prominent contemporary social movements in the United States. Whether the BLM movement has led to racial attitude liberalization remains an open question. I evaluate this question using data on over 140,000 survey respondents combined with locational data on BLM protests in 2014 following the police killing of Michael Brown and Eric Garner. Results from a difference-in-differences identification strategy provide evidence indicating that the BLM movement was successful in reducing whites’ racial prejudice. I find that these effects follow an age gradient where young whites are liberalized by protests while older whites are not. Results from this study indicate that protests can be successful drivers of attitude change.
Changes in Astigmatism Before and After Pterygium Surgery
Authors: Parajuli Rojeeta , Bajracharya Leena
Published: May 2019

Introduction: Pterygium is a degenerative condition of the subconjuctival tissue, which proliferates as vascularised granulation tissue to invade the cornea resulting in destruction of the superficial layer of the corneal stroma and bowman's membrane. This change in cornea leads to corneal opacity, visual impairment and significant induced astigmatism. The ensuing pathologic changes consist of elastoid degeneration of collagen and the appearance of subepithelial fibrovascular tissue

Objective: To measure the change in corneal astigmatism after pterygium surgery and the relationship of astigmatism with respect to size of pterygium.

Methodology: Hospital based prospective, non-randomized study, comprising 61 eyes of 56 patients who underwent pterygium excision and autologus conjuctival graft during the period October 2009 to September 2010. A total of 56 participants were enrolled and followed upto 3 months after surgery. Corneal topography was used to measure corneal astigmatism before and after pterygium surgery.

Results: The mean age of patient was 46.11 years, standard deviation was 18.86 Male: female ratio: 0.8:1 Preexisting induced astigmatism among study group patients was 2.6D and mean astigmatism after pterygium surgery was 0.8D. This finding was found to be statistically significant(P value <0.001). Over all change in mean astigmatism was 1D in our study. In grade I Mean astigmatism before surgery was 0.96D and Mean astigmatism after surgery was 0.46D, Changes in mean astigmatism after surgery was 0.50D. In grade II Mean astigmatism before surgery was 1.99D and Mean astigmatism after surgery was 0.54D, Changes in mean astigmatism after surgery was 1.45D. In grade III Mean astigmatism before surgery was 10.71D and Mean astigmatism after surgery was 3.10D, Changes in mean astigmatism after surgery was 7.61D. The change in mean astigmatism is greatest in patients with grade III pterygium.

Conclusion: After pterygium surgery astigmatism significantly reduces and astigmatism increases with the grade of pterygium.
Comparison of Maternal and Perinatal Outcome in Elective and Emergency Cesarean Section in a Tertiary Care Centre
Authors: Subedi Anjali , Shrestha Junu , Adhikari Krishna Murari , Shrestha Aashika , Gurung Sangeeta
Published: May 2019

Introduction: Cesarean delivery is the birth of a fetus via laparotomy and then hysterotomy. There are increased maternal and fetal morbidities and mortalities associated with such delivery, more in emergency cesarean section. Various studies have shown increasing trend of this mode of delivery worldwide leading to an increase in its associated risks and cost to the patients.

Objective: The objective of the study was to compare the maternal and perinatal outcome in elective and emergency cesarean section.

Methodology: It was a prospective comparative study conducted in the department of obstetrics and gynecology, Manipal Teaching Hospital from March, 2018 to September, 2018. All the patients undergoing cesarean section either elective or emergency were enrolled in the study after their consent. After collecting data from patients, maternal and perinatal outcomes were analyzed by using SPSS software.

Results: There were total 1254 deliveries in the study duration, out of which 461(36.76%) were cesarean section (cs). The incidence of emergency cs was 86.5% and elective cs was 13.5%. Majority of women (75.7%) undergoing cs had no any antenatal visit. Around 81% of cases undergoing emergency cs were unbooked whereas only 48.4% of unbooked cases underwent elective cs (P-value 0.000). The most common indication for cs in both elective and emergency category was previous cs. There was no maternal complication in elective cs group but there were 8 cases (2%) in emergency cs (P value-0.293). In emergency cs group, 7 babies had poor Apgar score whereas all babies had good Apgar score in elective group (P-value-0.057). There was increased rate of NICU admission in emergency group than in elective group (3% vs 0%, P value-0.166).

Conclusion The study showed that the incidence of cesarean section was high in our centre. The maternal and fetal risks were higher in emergency cs than in elective cs, but these were not statistically significant.
Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome- Clinical Profile, Associations and Outcome in Critically ill Children Aged 1 Month to 14 Years Admitted to PICU in Nobel Medical College Teaching Hospital in Biratnagar
Authors: Giri Arun , Yadav Sunil Kumar , Sah Vijay , Niroula Niraj , Singh Binayak
Published: May 2019

Introduction: Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), characterized by a progressive physiologic dysfunction involving two or more organ systems after an acute threat to systemic homeostasis, is not a rare entity among patients admitted to the pediatric intensive care units. Despite recent advances made in the medical technology and newer treatment strategies, large numbers of deaths in the PICU are attributable to MODS.

Objective: To describe the clinical profile of MODS among children admitted in PICU and to observe its associations and outcome.

Methodology: A hospital based prospective observational study was conducted in PICU of Nobel medical college teaching hospital, Biratnagar, Nepal from June 2017- May 2018. Children aged 1 month to 14 years admitted in the PICU with various medical and surgical illnesses were included in the study. All variables defining MODS and the data showing the presence or absence of sepsis were collected within 1 hour of admission (day 0) and then every day until transfer or discharge from PICU or until patient's death.

Results: Out of 150 admissions in the PICU, 103 fulfilled the inclusion criteria, and were enrolled in the study. A total of 53 patients (51%) developed MODS at some time during their stay at PICU and 88.7% of them had it at the time of admission. Of 103 cases under study, 26 died (mortality rate = 25.2%) and 92.3% of deaths were attributable to MODS. Children with neurological involvement had the highest risk of death [odds ratio (OR), 19.8; 95% confidence interval (95%CI), 4.37-90.30]. 75.5% of children with MODS had some sort of infection and 49% of them had sepsis. Conditions like SIRS, Sepsis, Severe sepsis, Septic shock and ARDS in the study patients were found significantly associated with MODS.

Conclusion: A MODS is a common clinical entity among patients admitted to the PICU and are associated with significant mortality and morbidity. In children, MODS usually seem to develop early and in a simultaneous way. In developing countries like ours, morbidity and mortality associated with MODS in the PICUs is higher than that in the developed countries. Prevalence of sepsis in children with or without MODS is greater in the developing countries. Sepsis is further responsible for larger number of deaths in PICU.
Hospital-based Analytical Study of Anti-thyroid Peroxidase Titre Among Type-2 Diabetic Patients Suffering from Thyroid Disorders
Authors: Jha Rajneesh , Mishra Amit , Mishra Meena Kumari , Mallick Ram Lala
Published: May 2019

Introduction: Thyroid hormones control growth, development and metabolic processes. Either excessive or deficient secretion of these hormones interfere with metabolism. Thyroid hormones, therefore, can alter a person's blood sugar. Relatively, thyroid peroxidise enzyme plays a key role in thyroid hormone production. The individuals who suffer from autoimmune thyroid diseases produce auto antibodies against thyroid peroxidise (called anti-TPO).

Objectives: We aimed to investigate an association of anti-TPO titer among type-2 diabetic patients suffering from thyroid disorders attending the local hospital.

Methodology: Based on findings of thyroid variables [such as total triiodothyronine (TT3 ), thyroxine (T4 ) and thyroid stimulated  hormone (TSH)], type-2 diabetic patients were categorized into Euthyroidism, Subclinical hypothyroidism and Hypothyroidism. In this hospital-based prospective study, venipuncture was performed to collect anti-cubital venous blood samples (n=100) from January to December, 2018. After separation of sera, estimation of certain parameters such as TT3, T4 , TSH and anti-TPO were carried out for correlative analyses. In this aspect, based on WHO guidelines, the patients who had fasting as well as postprandial blood sugar levels > 126 and 200 mg/dl were confirmed for diabetes mellitus. In addition, if these patients exhibited HbA1C levels > 10.8 %, they were enrolled into the 1 study. The patients who were hyperglycemic (with fasting as well as post-prandial blood sugar levels < 126 and 200 mg/dl) were excluded.

Results: In the three groups as stated above, we observed that more a rise in level of glucose, greater were the values of TSH and anti-TPO.

Conclusion Such findings emphasize and put an impact in situations of thyroid abnormality among type-2 local diabetic population.
Recent experience on atrial septal defect device closure at Shahid Gangalal National Heart Centre, Kathmandu, Nepal
Authors: Adhikari Chandra Mani , Shrestha Manish , Bogati Amrit , Dhungel Sachin , Acharya Kiran , Shakya Urmila , Sharma Poonam , Aryal Shilpa , Adhikari Jagat , Malla Rabi
Published: May 2019

Background and Aims: Atrial septal defect (ASD) device closure has been accepted worldwide as an alternative to surgical closure with the excellent results. This interventional, non-surgical technique plays an important role in the treatment of ASD. This audit aims to report our experience of ASD device closure in our centre.

Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted at Shahid Gangalal National Heart Centre, Kathmandu, Nepal. All patients who were attempted for ASD device closure from February 2016 to January 2018 were included. ASD size, device size, procedural approach, and device implantation success rates were retrospectively analyzed from our hospital records.

Result: During the study period, 566 cases were attempted for device closure. Among them device was successfully implanted in 557(98.4% of cases). In nine cases ASD device could not be implanted. Among the 557 successful cases, 401 (71.9%) were female. Age ranged from 5 to 72 years with the mean of 30.9 years. In five patients, transcatheter closure cases, was done under general anesthesia with the guidance of transesophgeal echocardiogram. In all other patients, device closure was done in local anesthesia under transthoracic echocardiography guidance. ASD size ranged from 7mm to 37mm with the mean of 20.8mm. ASD device ranged from 8 to 42mm with the mean of 26.5mm. Four different devices were used with the Amplatzer septal occluder used in 527 (94.6%) patients, hyperion( Comed) device in 10 (1.7%) patients, Memopart (Lepu) device in 19 (3.4%) patients and Cera (Life tech) device in 1(0.1%) patients.

Discussion: ASD device closure is a safe and effective procedure.
HUBUNGAN KADAR LEMAK DALAM ASI MATUR DENGAN PENAMBAHAN BERAT BADAN BAYI UMUR 1-2 BULAN DI PUSKESMAS JABUNG
Authors: Yuliani Ita
Published: May 2019

Kekurangan gizi pada bayi dapat diukur menggunakan indek berat badan menurut umur (BB/U). Berat badan bayi dapat dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor salah satunya ada asupan ASI. Studi pendahuluan menunjukkan bahwa, ibu yang memberikan ASI secara ekslusif dengan frekuensi dan durasi menyusui baik namun terjadi permasalan pada penambahan berat badan pada bayi. Hal tersebut bisa diakibatkan oleh salah satu faktor yaitu kandungan lemak dalam ASI, karena kandungan lemak dalam ASI sangat diperlukan untuk penambahan berat badan bayi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan kadar lemak dalam ASI Matur dengan penambahan berat badan bayi. Desain penelitian asosiatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional, populasinya sebanyak 41 orang ibu menyusui, sampling menggunakan teknik quota sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 37 responden ibu menyusui yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Instrumen penelitian mengunakan timbangan, microtoice dan di ekstrasi soxhlet, kemudian di analisa dengan korelasi Product moment yang menunjukkan nilai rhitung = 0,706 > rtabel =0,325  sehingga menunjukkan adanya hubungan antara kadar lemak dalam ASI Matur dengan penambahan berat badan bayi.
A Study on the negative ion beam production in the ININ sputtering ion source
Authors: Valerio Lizarraga C. A. , Duarte-Galvan C. , Leon-Monzon I. , Villaseñor P. , Aspiazu And J.
Published: May 2019

To improve the beam brightness produced by a Source of Negative Ions by Cesium Sputtering we studied the beam generation in the 12~MeV Vandergraff linear accelerator at Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares. Results of 3D particle tracking simulations of the ion source and beamline have been compared with measurements, with better agreement than traditional codes that only take into account the negative beam, and they determine a suppression in the Cs$^{+}$ production due to space charge, which in turn explains the intensity limits for negative beam production in both ionizers, and the best way to overpass them. Also, the beam dynamics variation due to the erosion of the target inside the cathode has been determined, helping to prevent beam losses and enhance the beam brightness.
Numerical analysis of the cathodic material influence on the arc plasma jet
Authors: Devia Narvaez D. F. , Alvarez L. F. , Ramirez Ramirez S. , Restrepo-Parra And E.
Published: May 2019

The cathodic arc discharge is a deposition technique widely used to synthesize hard coatings and thin films. The structure of the plasma generated by the electrical discharge and its interaction with neutral particles was studied using numerical simulations. Typical plasma parameters were characterized considering their spatial and temporal dependence, as well as several cathode materials that are commonly used in these systems. For the evolution of the ion density, it was observed the formation of Knudsen layer, and also a dependence of pressure gradients in the global behavior. With respect to the kinetic energy, it was found a deceleration of ions, which is represented by a shock front produced in the plasma−neutrals interaction. On the other hand, the energy releasing was generated due to the heat transference between electrons and ions. The plasma potential follows a behavior, which is similar to that of the ion density, and it is caused by the dynamics of charged particles which is directly affected by the concentration of neutrals and ions. In general, the physical quantities are directly affected by electrical and thermal conductivity of the cathode material. Our results can be applied to understand the plasma phenomena produced in a cathodic arc discharge
MÉTODO DE REMEDIACIÓN DE BAJO COSTO PARA DISMINUIR LA CONCENTRACIÓN DE METALES PESADOS EN AGUAS CONTAMINADAS POR LA ACTIVIDAD MINERA
Authors: Alcántara-Malca Daniel Adolfo , Esenarro-Vargas Doris
Published: May 2019

Las aguas de la actividad minera, las cuales se vierten a los cuerpos de agua naturales, generalmente contienen metales pesados en concentraciones que superan los límites máximos permisibles (LMP) o que superan los estándares de calidad ambiental (ECA). Los metales pesados en concentraciones más altas de lo permitido son muy perjudiciales para la vida del ser humano, los animales y las plantas de una localidad o región aledaña a la actividad de la empresa minera. En esta investigación de remediación se propone la aplicación de un método químico no convencional no costoso usando una base débil, complementado con un método de biorremediación usando cascarilla de arroz, para disminuir significativamente la concentración de los metales pesados de aguas provenientes de la actividad minera formal, en las serranías del Perú. Primero se ensayó con soluciones simples de concentraciones conocidas de metales pesados y luegose ensayó con soluciones más complejas de metales (con dos o más metales). Cuando se utilizaron dispersiones de jabón de 90 mL a 110 mL, los porcentajes de extracción de metales pesados oscilan en el rango de 95% a 99%. Cuando haymezclas de varios metales pesados cuyas concentraciones oscilan en el rango de 13 mg·L-1 -a 114 mg·L-1 y las cantidades de cascarilla de arroz oscilan de 2,0g a 3,25g, alcanzándose el pH a 6,0 – 7,5.
VIGILANCIA DEL DENGUE CON ENSAYO INMUNOENZIMÁTICO UMELISA IGM DENGUE PLUS
Authors: Alvarez-Maturell Elvio Luis , Pérez-Parrado Ileana , Álvarez-Ramírez Manuel Vicente
Published: May 2019

El Dengue constituye la enfermedad viral transmitida por artrópodos de mayor importancia médica y la más importante en términos de morbilidad y mortalidad por consiguiente es importante la vigilancia del dengue. Se realizó un estudio observacional tipo transversal desde enero a diciembre del 2017 en el Laboratorio de Tecnología Avanzada SUMA del Centro Provincial de Higiene, Epidemiología y Microbiología (CPHEM) de Ciego de Ávila, Cuba. Las muestras de sueros fueron tomadas de personas con SFI (Síndromes Febriles Inespecíficos) a partir del 6to día de la fecha de inicio de los síntomas para detectar anticuerpos IgM contra dengue, para lo cual se utilizó el ensayo inmunoenzimático UMELISA IgM Dengue Plus. El mes de mayor reactividad fue octubre (25,99%) y los municipios más afectados con reactividad fueron Baragüa (20%), Ciego de Ávila (11,99%), Morón (11,86%) y Ciro Redondo (11,11%) que fueron municipios que tuvieron transmisión. El suero control interno positivo y negativo del ensayo estuvo bajo control estadístico. La concordancia entre los ensayos fue de 86,60 % y la prevalencia para el ensayo UMELISA DENGUE IgM Plus fue de10,32 %.
Effect of Spacer on Surface Activity and Foam Properties of Betaine Gemini Surfactants
Authors: Wang Lei , Liu Pei , Lai Xiaojuan , Wang Jie , Li Huaixin
Published: May 2019

A series of betaine-type Gemini surfactants (Cs-BGS, where C is the methylene part of the spacer, s = 2, 4, 6) were synthesized from sodium 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropanesulfonate, oleamidopropyl dimethylamine and bromoalkane. The chemical structure of the prepared compounds was confirmed by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, IR spectra, and elemental analysis. Their critical micelle formation concentrations (CMC) in the aqueous solution at 25 °C were determined by measuring the surface tension and the electrical conductivity. As the length of the spacer increased, the values of their CMC and γcmc also increased. The surface tension measurements of C2-BGS revealed that the surfactant possesses a low CMC, is very efficient in reducing the surface tension, and is very strongly adsorbed at the air-water interface. In addition, the adsorption and micellization behavior of Cs-BGS was estimated from the efficiency of surface tension reduction (pC20), minimum average surface area per surfactant molecule (Amin), and standard free energies of micellization and adsorption. These properties are significantly affected by the spacers and the adsorption is more favored than the micellization.
Optimization of Biosorption Conditions for Surfactant Induced Decolorization by Anaerobic Sludge Granules
Authors: Gül Ülküye Dudu , İlhan Semra , İşçen Cansu Filik
Published: May 2019

The sorption of Remazol Black B (RBB) by dried anaerobic sludge granules (ASG) was examined in this study. The biosorption process was monitored based on the statistical optimization data of the batch reactor studies. In the factorial tests, 36 different tests were established by considering the variables such as temperature (25°C, 50°C), pH (1, 3, 5), dye concentration (100, 150, 200 mg/L) and cationic surfactant concentration (0, 0.5 mM). Also, it was intended to investigate the effect of cationic surfactant dodecyl trimethylammonium bromide (DTAB) on decolorization of the anionic dye RBB by ASG. The sorption isotherms and kinetics were determined for RBB removal. The biosorption of RBB was fitted with Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic models. The oppositely charged dye and surfactant molecules interacted electrostatically. These electrostatic interactions improved the dye biosorption properties of ASG. Our results indicate that a surfactant can be used as an inducer in the treatment of dye-contaminated water. This is the first paper combining factorial experiment design and surfactant-accelerated decolorization to achieve more effective biosorption conditions.
Schiff' Bases as Corrosion Inhibitor for Aluminum Alloy in Hydrochloric Acid Medium
Authors: Abdel Hameed R. S.
Published: May 2019

Three Schiff' bases (SB) were synthesized, characterized and evaluated as corrosion inhibitor for aluminum in 1.0 M HCl using chemical (weight loss) and electrochemical (open circuit potential, potentiodynamic polarization, and electrochemical impedance) techniques. The influence of temperature and concentration was investigated. It has been shown that the efficiency of corrosion inhibition increases with the inhibitor concentration and decreases with increasing temperature. The addition of the inhibitor molecules to the corrosive medium shifts the corrosion potential (Ecorr) to the nobler direction. It has been found that the adsorption of the used compounds obeys the Langmuir adsorption isotherm.
Study on the Complex System of Sodium Lauryl Diphenyl Ether Disulfonate and Dodecyl Dimethyl Hydroxyethyl Ammonium Chloride
Authors: Liu Jiajia , Yang Yang , Xie Yicheng , Xu Hujun
Published: May 2019

Surface chemical properties of the mixed system of sodium lauryl diphenyl ether disulfonate (C12-MADS, an anionic surfactant with double hydrophilic groups) and dodecyl dimethyl hydroxyethyl ammonium chloride (K3, a cationic quaternary ammonium surfactant) along with different proportion have been studied at 298 K and 318 K. Synergistic parameters of the mixture in the mixed micelles and the mixed adsorption layer were also calculated by using the regular solution theory. The composition of the mixed micelles and of the mixed adsorption layer was obtained. The results show that the surface chemical properties of C12-MADS/K3 mixture are better than either of single system, and when the solution ratio (α1 = [n (K3)/n (C12-MADS + K3)]) is 0.7 and 0.9, the surface tension curve has a double inflection point which indicates a synergistic effect between the surfactant molecules. The complex system showed a strong synergistic effect in the mixed adsorption layer and the mixed micelles. The mixed system of C12-MADS/K3 has synergism in surface tension reduction effectiveness, surface tension reduction efficiency and mixed micelle formation. When α1 is 0.67, the synergistic effect is the strongest.
Heat Exchanger Corrosion in a Chlorinated Solvent Incinerator
Authors: Baker Brian A.
Published: May 2019

The thin plates within a type 309 stainless steel chlorinated solvent combustion preheater/heat exchanger designed to process fumes from a solvent coating process showed severe corrosion within 6 months of service. Within a year corrosion had produced holes in the plates, allowing gases to shunt across the preheater/exchanger. Metallographic examination of the plates showed that accelerated internal oxidation had been the cause of failure. Corrosion racks of candidate alloys (types 304, 309, and 316 stainless steels, Inconel 600, Inconel 625, Incoloy 800, Incoloy 825, and Inco alloy C-276) were placed directly in the hot gas stream, containing HCl and Cl2, for in situ testing. Results of this investigation showed that nickel-chromium corrosion-resistant alloys, such as Inconel 600, Inconel 625, and Inco alloy C-276, performed well in this environment. Laboratory testing of the same alloys, along with Inconel alloys 601, 617, and 690 and stainless steel type 347 was also conducted in a simulated waste incinerator nitrogen atmosphere containing 10% Co2, 9% O2, 4% HCl, 130 ppm HBr and 100 ppm SO2 at 595, 705, 815, and 925 deg C (1100, 1300,1500, and 1700 deg F). The tests confirmed the suitability of the nickel-chromium alloys for such an environment. Inconel 625 was selected for fabrication of a new preheater/exchanger.
Intergranular Corrosion/Cracking of a Stainless Steel Pipe Reducer Section in Bleached Pulp Stock Service
Authors: Chakrapani Durgam G.
Published: May 2019

A type 316 stainless steel pipe reducer section failed in service of bleached pulp stock transfer within 2 years in a pulp and paper mill. The reducer section fractured in the heat-affected zone of the flange-to-pipe weld on the flange side. The pipe reducer section consisted of 250 and 200 mm (10 and 8 in.) diam flanges welded to a tapered pipe section. The tapered pipe section was 3.3 mm (0.13 in.) thick type 316 stainless steel sheet, and the flanges were 5 mm (0.2 in.) thick CF8M (type 316) stainless steel castings. Visual and metallographic analysis indicated that the fracture was caused by intergranular corrosion/stress-corrosion cracks that initiated from the external surface of the pipe reducer section. Contributory factors were the sensitized condition of the flange and the concentration of corrosive elements from the bleach stock plant environment on the external surface. In the absence of the sensitized condition of the flange, the service of the pipe reducer section was acceptable. A type 316L stainless steel reducer section was recommended to replace the 316 component because of its superior resistance to sensitization.
Aircraft Accident Caused by Explosive Sabotage
Authors: Krishnan R.V. , Radhakrishnan S. , Raghuram A.C. , Ramachandran V.
Published: May 2019

Damage to a passenger aircraft that resulted from a midair explosion and subsequent emergency landing was investigated to determine the cause and location of the explosion. Extensive damage had occurred in the front toilet and cockpit areas and to the undercarriage and underside of the aircraft. Fractographic and surface examination of metal fragments (stainless steel and aluminum alloy) from damaged areas indicated that the accident was caused by an explosion in the front toilet. A reconstruction exercise confirmed this conclusion. Damage to the undercarriage and underside resulted from the emergency landing.
Corrosion Failure of a Chemical Process Piping Cross-Tee Assembly
Authors: Ellis Peter F.
Published: May 2019

A carbon steel piping cross-tee assembly which conveyed hydrogen sulfide (H7S) process gas at 150 to 275 deg C (300 to 585 deg F) with a maximum allowable operating pressure of 3 MPa (450 psig) ruptured at the toe of one of the welds at the cross after several years of service. The failure was initially thought to be the result of thermal fatigue, and the internal surfaces exhibited the “elephant hide” pattern characteristic of thermal fatigue. However metallographic failure analysis found that this pattern was the result of corrosion rather than thermal fatigue. Corrosion caused failure at this location because the weld was abnormally thin as fabricated. Thus, failure resulted from inadequate deposition of weld metal and subsequent wall thinning from internal corrosion. It was recommended that the cross-tee be replaced with a like component, with more careful attention to weld quality.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE TWO STAY TWO STRAY (TSTS) DALAM MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR BENTUK ALJABAR SISWA KELAS VII SMP
Authors: Arta Diantoro Syaiful Barsa , Mahsup Mahsup , Pramita Dewi
Published: May 2019

Abstrak: Pembelajaran yang masih bersifat konvensional menyebabkan siswa merasa kesulitan dalam menyelesaikan masalah dalam setiap materi pembelajaran bentuk aljabar. Akibatnya hasil belajar siswa rendah. Tujuan peneltian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa kelas VII SMP melalui penerapan model pembelajaran TSTS pada pokok bahasan bentuk aljabar. penerapan model pembelajaran TSTS adalah selalu melibatkan siswa dalam setiap penyelesaian masalah dan mencari informasi sendiri karena guru hanya sebagai fasilitator.Subyek pada penelitian ini yaitu kelas VII SMPN 18 Mataram yang terdiri dari 23 siswa. Adapun indikator keberhasilan penelitian ini adalah aktivitas belajar siswa dan guru dikatakan meningkat apabila berkategori baik, serta peningkatan hasil belajar siswa dikatakan meningkat apabila mencapai nilai rata-rata 70 dengan ketuntasan klasikal 75%. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan terjadi peningkatan hasil belajar siswa dari siklus I sampai Siklus II. Rata-rata hasil belajar siswa pada siklus I 71,01 dengan ketuntasan klasikal 68,56%, sedangkan pada siklus II meningkat menjadi 82,61% dengan rata-rata nilai 76,38. Untuk rata-rata skor aktivitas siswa dan guru adalah 55,76 dan 80,77 yang termasuk berkategori cukup baik dan sangat baik. Kesimpulan penerapan model pembelajaran TSTS pada pokok bahasan bentuk aljabar dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa kelas VII SMP. Abstract:  The convention learning was difficult in teaching aljabar at the students. It made effect to improving student ability. The purpose of study to improve the student ability toward applying cooperative learning of TSTS in teaching aljabar at the students. Applying of TSTS learning model is followed by the students in problem solving and found out the information by their self because teacher as a facilitator. The subject of research were the students of seventh grade of SMPN 18 Mataram who are 23 students. The indicators of result study were the students learning activities and teacher were improved if it was good and KKM of score was about70, the classical point 75%. The result of study showed the applying cooperative learning TSTS model in teaching aljabar at the students was improved from cycle I until II. The result of score in cycle I 71,01 with classical score 68,56 %, meanwhile in cycle II was improved score 82,61 with mean score 76,38. The result of students and teacher was 55,76 and 80,77, it was included better. The concluded of applying TSTS in teaching aljabar can improved the students ability.
METODE BELAJAR DEMONSTRASI DAN EKSPERIMEN DALAM MATAPELAJARAN SAINS SEKOLAH DASAR (SD)
Authors: Nizaar Muhammad
Published: May 2019

Merujuk dari tiga tipe belajar, yakni tipe belajar visual (melihat), auditori (mendengar), dan kinestetik (gerakan atausentuhan) maka diharapkan pembelajaran dapat mengaktifkan ketiga tipe tersebut pada diri siswa. Tujuanpengajaran Sains di Sekolah Dasar antara lain adalah agar siswa dapat memahami konsep-konsep Sains yangterkait dengan kehidupan sehari-hari, mampu menerapkan konsep tersebut dalam kehidupan, dan mampumemecahkan masalah yang timbul dalam kehidupan, mempunyai minat untuk mengenal dan mempelajari bendabendaserta kejadian di lingkungan sekitar. Oleh karena itu hendaknya pembelajaran diarahkan pada pengenalansecara langsung benda dan fenomen yang dipelajari. Awal diperolehnya ilmu pengetahuan merupakan hasilpercobaan (eksperiment) yang dilakukan oleh para peneliti secara terus menerus melalui kegiatan coba-coba (trialand error). Dengan demikian, tidak salah kiranya dalam proses konstruksi pengetahuan sains siswa digunakanmetode eksperimen. Sedangkan bentuk inprovisasi dari metode eksperimen dalam pembelajaran yang hanyadilakukan oleh seseorang dan diamati oleh orang lain disebut metode pembelajaran demonstrasi. Kegiataneksperimen bertujuan untuk mengenal konsep dan dapat pula digunakan untuk membuktikan konsep. Eksperimentepat dilaksanakan pada siswa SD karena anak umur 8 atau 9 tahun senang terhadap hal-hal yang konkret sertadidukung oleh peningkatan rasa ingin tahu terhadap variabel-variabel tertentu. Kegiatan eksperimen tepat digunakanapabila memiliki media yang cukup, namun apabila tidak cukup dapat dilakukan melalui demonstrasi. Polademonstrasi yang dapat dilakukan yaitu; teacher demonstration, teacher-student demonstrastion, student groupdemonstration, individual demonstration, dan guest demonstration. Muara keberhasilan belajar sains yaitumeningkatnya minat belajar melalui; kegiatan yang melibatkan siswa, adanya sentuhan psikologis dan pengertian,suasana adil dan demokratis.
PENGARUH METODE MENGAJAR DOSEN TERHADAP MOTIVASI BELAJAR MAHASISWA PROGRAM STUDI PENDIDIKAN MATEMATIKA
Authors: Pramita Dewi , Haifaturrahmah Haifaturrahmah
Published: May 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Pengaruh Metode Mengajar Dosen Terhadap Motivasi Belajar MahasiswaProgram studi pendidikan matematika FKIP UM Mataram. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa Programstudi pendidikan matematika yang terdaftar sebagai mahasiswa semester V (lima) yang aktif untuk tahun ajaran2014/2015. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan angket/kuisioner. Uji validitas menggunakan korelasi Productmoment, uji reliabilitas mengunakan rumus Cronbach’s Alpha Dan uji normalitas menggunakan kolomogrov smirnov.Uji hipotesis menggunakan regresi sederhana, Hasil penelitian: terdapat pengaruh Metode Mengajar terhadapmotivasi Belajar Mahasiswa program studi pendidikan matematika dengan nilai harga koefisien korelasi (r) sebesar0,999 dan sig. sebesar 0,000.
ANALISIS KELAYAKAN LAHAN PERUNTUKAN PEMBANGUNAN DERMAGA PLTU DI PERAIRAN DESA SUKADANA KECAMATAN BAYAN LOMBOK UTARA
Authors: Sukuryadi Sukuryadi , Mas’ad Mas’ad
Published: May 2019

Pengelolaan wilayah pesisir dan pantai perlu dikembangkan perencanaannya sebagai langkah awal dalampencapaian hasil yang optimal. Tujuannya adalah untuk mengoptimalkan keuntungan-keuntungan yang disediakanoleh kawasan pesisir dan untuk meminimalkan konflik serta berbagai perusakan yang dilakukan oleh manusia didalam wilayah pesisir. Guna mewujudkan hal tersebut, penataan ruang berupa penetapan fungsi zonasi diharapkandapat menjaga keseimbangan antara perlindungan ekosistem dan eksploitasinya dalam pengelolaan wilayah pesisirdan lautan. Zonasi merupakan upaya penetapan batas-batas fungsional suatu peruntukan sesuai dengan potensisumberdaya, daya dukung dan proses-proses ekologi yang berlangsung dalam sistem tersebut. Berdasarkan haltersebut di atas, maka studi penelitian ini dapat menjadi suatu jawaban atas permasalahan itu dalam rangkapengembangan wilayah pesisir dan lautan ditinjau dari pemanfaatan ruang untuk kegiatan pembangunan dermagaPLTU di wilayah pesisir desa Sukadana kecamatan Bayan Lombok Utara. Dengan demikian tujuan penelitian iniuntuk mengetahui tingkat kesesuaian perairan laut bayan bagi rencana pembangunan dermaga/pelabuhan PLTUditinjau dari aspek parameter oceanografinya. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode surveyterhadap parameter-parameter oceanografi, kondisi eksisting beberapa parameter oseanografi perairan secara insitukemudian disandingkan dengan matriks kesesuaian bagi kelayakan peraiaran untuk pembangunan dermaga.Diantara beberapa parameter tersebut adalah; pasang surut, arus, gelombang, bathimetry, dan hal-hal lain yangdiperlukan. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwapotensi kesesuaian lahan wilayah perairan desa Sukadana kecamatan Bayan Lombok Utara untukpembangunan/pengembangan dermaga PLTU memiliki tingkat kesesuaian yang berbeda-beda sesuai dengankarakteristik parameter lingkungannya, dalam hal ini terbagi menjadi 2 kategori yaitu Sangat Sesuai (S1), dan Sesuai(S2).
Analisis Sebaran Penelitian Skripsi Mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Matematika Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram
Authors: Pramita Dewi
Published: May 2019

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan sebaran jenis penelitian, tema yang popular serta kesulitan yang dihadapi mahasiswa dalam menyelesaikan atau menyusun skripsi program studi Pendidikan Matematika Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram. Manfaat dari penelitian ini yaitu 1) diperoleh informasi tentang sebaran jenis penelitian dan tema penelitian yang paling sering atau paling banyak diambil oleh mahasiswa program studi Pendidikan Matematika Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram; 2) kesulitan yang dialami mahasiswa dalam menyusun skripsi dapat menjadi landasan untuk evaluasi kualitas pembelajaran dikelas. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan yaitu penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Subjek penelitian adalah mahasiswa yang sedang mengerjakan atau mengambil mata kuliah skripsi dalam rentang waktu bulan Oktober 2016 sampai dengan Maret 2017. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini yaitu: 1) sebaran penelitian mahasiswa dominan pada penelitian kuantitatif dan penelitian R&D; 2) tema yang diminati (popular) dikalangan mahasiswa yang terkait dengan model penelitian; 3) kesulitan yang dihadapi mahasiswa meliputi penyusunan proposal, instrumen penelitian, pengolahan dan analisis data. Abstract: The purpose of the research to describe the distribution of undergraduate thesis,that conducted by  the Mathematics Education Department students in terms of the research type, theme and  also describe they difficulties experienced. The benefit of the research is 1) obtained the distribution of research themes are often or most taken by students of mathematics education department of Muhammadiyah Mataram University, 2)student difficulties in arrange they undergraduate thesis used to evaluate quality of learning.This research is a descriptive qualitative case study. The subjects of the research are Mathematics Education Department students whom taking a thesis course until Ocober 2016 to march 2017. Results of this research are: 1)distribution of the research are dominant in quantitative research and R&D research; 2)the most popular theme are about leraning model; 3) difficulties face by the student arebout arrange a proposal, research instrument, processing and analysis of data
Movimentos das narrativas na educação matemática brasileira e o lugar da história oral
Authors: Silva Marinéia dos Santos , Silva Heloisa da
Published: May 2019

O artigo tem como objetivo a elaboração de uma compreensão inicial sobre a entrada e a movimentação das narrativas na Educação Matemática, bem como sobre o lugar da História Oral nesse movimento. Parte significativa deste estudo é resultado de uma pesquisa de doutorado em desenvolvimento, cujo objetivo é investigar o movimento de entrada, apropriação e circulação das narrativas na comunidade acadêmica da Educação Matemática, a partir dos grupos de pesquisa que estudam as narrativas na formação de professores que ensinam Matemática. Partindo do princípio de que as motivações das pesquisas com a História Oral na Educação Matemática diferem das demais pesquisas que abordam as narrativas nessa área, por seu envolvimento e compromisso com a historiografia, buscamos pontuar as singularidades e particularidades inerentes a essa metodologia – a História Oral. Salientamos também a complexidade e a pluralidade de temas que abordam as narrativas na Educação Matemática, bem como os espaços significativos, como os grupos de pesquisa, as associações, os congressos e os trabalhos científicos desenvolvidos pelos Programas de Pós-Graduação na área da Educação (Matemática) que corroboram a produção, a disseminação e o fortalecimento do movimento das narrativas na Educação Matemática.