bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Topological current divider in a Chern insulator junction
Authors: Ovchinnikov Dmitry , Cai Jiaqi , Lin Zhong , Fei Zaiyao , Liu Zhaoyu , Cui Yong-Tao , Cobden David H. , Chu Jiun-Haw , Chang Cui-Zu , Xiao Di , Yan Jiaqiang , Xu Xiaodong
Published: October 2022

A Chern insulator is a two-dimensional material that hosts chiral edge states produced by the combination of topology with time reversal symmetry breaking. Such edge states are perfect one-dimensional conductors, which may exist not only on sample edges, but on any boundary between two materials with distinct topological invariants (or Chern numbers). Engineering of such interfaces is highly desirable due to emerging opportunities of using topological edge states for energy-efficient information transmission. Here, we report a chiral edge-current divider based on Chern insulator junctions formed within the layered topological magnet MnBi2Te4. We find that in a device containing a boundary between regions of different thickness, topological domains with different Chern numbers can coexist. At the domain boundary, a Chern insulator junction forms, where we identify a chiral edge mode along the junction interface. We use this to construct topological circuits in which the chiral edge current can be split, rerouted, or switched off by controlling the Chern numbers of the individual domains. Our results demonstrate MnBi2Te4 as an emerging platform for topological circuits design.
Direct observation of ultrafast singlet exciton fission in three dimensions
Authors: Ashoka Arjun , Gauriot Nicolas , Girija Aswathy V. , Sawhney Nipun , Sneyd Alexander J. , Watanabe Kenji , Taniguchi Takashi , Sung Jooyoung , Schnedermann Christoph , Rao Akshay
Published: October 2022

We present quantitative ultrafast interferometric pump-probe microscopy capable of tracking of photoexcitations with sub-10 nm spatial precision in three dimensions with 15 fs temporal resolution, through retrieval of the full transient photoinduced complex refractive index. We use this methodology to study the spatiotemporal dynamics of the quantum coherent photophysical process of ultrafast singlet exciton fission. Measurements on microcrystalline pentacene films grown on glass (SiO2) and boron nitride (hBN) reveal a 25 nm, 70 fs expansion of the joint-density-of-states along the crystal a,c-axes accompanied by a 6 nm, 115 fs change in the exciton density along the crystal b-axis. We propose that photogenerated singlet excitons expand along the direction of maximal orbital π-overlap in the crystal a,c-plane to form correlated triplet pairs, which subsequently electronically decouples into free triplets along the crystal b-axis due to molecular sliding motion of neighbouring pentacene molecules. Our methodology lays the foundation for the study of three dimensional transport on ultrafast timescales.
The E3 ubiquitin ligase ARIH1 promotes antiviral immunity and autoimmunity by inducing mono-ISGylation and oligomerization of cGAS
Authors: Xiong Tian-Chen , Wei Ming-Cong , Li Fang-Xu , Shi Miao , Gan Hu , Tang Zhen , Dong Hong-Peng , Liuyu Tianzi , Gao Pu , Zhong Bo , Zhang Zhi-Dong , Lin Dandan
Published: October 2022

The cytosolic DNA sensor cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) plays a critical role in antiviral immunity and autoimmunity. The activity and stability of cGAS are fine-tuned by post-translational modifications. Here, we show that ariadne RBR E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 1 (ARIH1) catalyzes the mono-ISGylation and induces the oligomerization of cGAS, thereby promoting antiviral immunity and autoimmunity. Knockdown or knockout of ARIH1 significantly inhibits herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1)- or cytoplasmic DNA-induced expression of type I interferons (IFNs) and proinflammatory cytokines. Consistently, tamoxifen-treated ER-Cre;Arih1fl/fl mice and Lyz2-Cre; Arih1fl/fl mice are hypersensitive to HSV-1 infection compared with the controls. In addition, deletion of ARIH1 in myeloid cells alleviates the autoimmune phenotypes and completely rescues the autoimmune lethality caused by TREX1 deficiency. Mechanistically, HSV-1- or cytosolic DNA-induced oligomerization and activation of cGAS are potentiated by ISGylation at its K187 residue, which is catalyzed by ARIH1. Our findings thus reveal an important role of ARIH1 in innate antiviral and autoimmune responses and provide insight into the post-translational regulation of cGAS.
A proteome-scale map of the SARS-CoV-2–human contactome
Authors: Kim Dae-Kyum , Weller Benjamin , Lin Chung-Wen , Sheykhkarimli Dayag , Knapp Jennifer J. , Dugied Guillaume , Zanzoni Andreas , Pons Carles , Tofaute Marie J. , Maseko Sibusiso B. , Spirohn Kerstin , Laval Florent , Lambourne Luke , Kishore Nishka , Rayhan Ashyad , Sauer Mayra , Young Veronika , Halder Hridi , la Rosa Nora Marín-de , Pogoutse Oxana , Strobel Alexandra , Schwehn Patrick , Li Roujia , Rothballer Simin T. , Altmann Melina , Cassonnet Patricia , Coté Atina G. , Vergara Lena Elorduy , Hazelwood Isaiah , Liu Betty B. , Nguyen Maria , Pandiarajan Ramakrishnan , Dohai Bushra , Coloma Patricia A. Rodriguez , Poirson Juline , Giuliana Paolo , Willems Luc , Taipale Mikko , Jacob Yves , Hao Tong , Hill David E. , Brun Christine , Twizere Jean-Claude , Krappmann Daniel , Heinig Matthias , Falter Claudia , Aloy Patrick , Demeret Caroline , Vidal Marc , Calderwood Michael A. , Roth Frederick P. , Falter-Braun Pascal
Published: October 2022

Understanding the mechanisms of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) disease severity to efficiently design therapies for emerging virus variants remains an urgent challenge of the ongoing pandemic. Infection and immune reactions are mediated by direct contacts between viral molecules and the host proteome, and the vast majority of these virus–host contacts (the ‘contactome’) have not been identified. Here, we present a systematic contactome map of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) with the human host encompassing more than 200 binary virus–host and intraviral protein–protein interactions. We find that host proteins genetically associated with comorbidities of severe illness and long COVID are enriched in SARS-CoV-2 targeted network communities. Evaluating contactome-derived hypotheses, we demonstrate that viral NSP14 activates nuclear factor κB (NF-κB)-dependent transcription, even in the presence of cytokine signaling. Moreover, for several tested host proteins, genetic knock-down substantially reduces viral replication. Additionally, we show for USP25 that this effect is phenocopied by the small-molecule inhibitor AZ1. Our results connect viral proteins to human genetic architecture for COVID-19 severity and offer potential therapeutic targets.
Light-Seq: light-directed in situ barcoding of biomolecules in fixed cells and tissues for spatially indexed sequencing
Authors: Kishi Jocelyn Y. , Liu Ninning , West Emma R. , Sheng Kuanwei , Jordanides Jack J. , Serrata Matthew , Cepko Constance L. , Saka Sinem K. , Yin Peng
Published: October 2022

We present Light-Seq, an approach for multiplexed spatial indexing of intact biological samples using light-directed DNA barcoding in fixed cells and tissues followed by ex situ sequencing. Light-Seq combines spatially targeted, rapid photocrosslinking of DNA barcodes onto complementary DNAs in situ with a one-step DNA stitching reaction to create pooled, spatially indexed sequencing libraries. This light-directed barcoding enables in situ selection of multiple cell populations in intact fixed tissue samples for full-transcriptome sequencing based on location, morphology or protein stains, without cellular dissociation. Applying Light-Seq to mouse retinal sections, we recovered thousands of differentially enriched transcripts from three cellular layers and discovered biomarkers for a very rare neuronal subtype, dopaminergic amacrine cells, from only four to eight individual cells per section. Light-Seq provides an accessible workflow to combine in situ imaging and protein staining with next generation sequencing of the same cells, leaving the sample intact for further analysis post-sequencing.
Intravenous infusion of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells improves tissue perfusion in a rat hindlimb ischemia model
Authors: Maeda Shusaku , Kawamura Takuji , Sasaki Masanori , Shimamura Kazuo , Shibuya Takashi , Harada Akima , Honmou Osamu , Sawa Yoshiki , Miyagawa Shigeru
Published: October 2022

Intravenous infusion of stem cells is a minimally invasive cellular delivery method, though a few have been reported in a critical limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI) animal model or patients. In the present study, we hypothesized that intravenous infusion of bone-marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) improves tissue perfusion in a rat hindlimb ischemia model. Hindlimb ischemia was generated in Sprague–Dawley rats by femoral artery removal, then seven days after ischemic induction intravenous infusion of 1 × 106MSCs (cell group) or vehicle (control group) was performed. As compared with the control, tissue perfusion was significantly increased in the cell group. Histological findings showed that capillary density was significantly increased in the cell group, with infused green fluorescent protein (GFP)-MSCs distributed in the ischemic limb. Furthermore, gene expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was significantly increased in ischemic hindlimb muscle tissues of rats treated with MSC infusion. In conclusion, intravenous infusion of bone-marrow derived MSCs improved tissue perfusion in ischemic hindlimbs through angiogenesis, suggesting that intravenous infusion of MSCs was a promising cell delivery method for treatment of CLTI.
Spatio-temporal metabolic rewiring in the brain of TgF344-AD rat model of Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Muñoz-Moreno Emma , Simões Rui Vasco , Tudela Raúl , López-Gil Xavier , Soria Guadalupe
Published: October 2022

Brain damage associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) occurs even decades before the symptomatic onset, raising the need to investigate its progression from prodromal stages. In this context, animal models that progressively display AD pathological hallmarks (e.g. TgF344-AD) become crucial. Translational technologies, such as magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), enable the longitudinal metabolic characterization of this disease. However, an integrative approach is required to unravel the complex metabolic changes underlying AD progression, from early to advanced stages. TgF344-AD and wild-type (WT) rats were studied in vivo on a 7 Tesla MRI scanner, for longitudinal quantitative assessment of brain metabolic profile changes using MRS. Disease progression was investigated at 4 time points, from 9 to 18 months of age, and in 4 regions: cortex, hippocampus, striatum, and thalamus. Compared to WT, TgF344-AD rats replicated common findings in AD patients, including decreased N-acetylaspartate in the cortex, hippocampus and thalamus, and decreased glutamate in the thalamus and striatum. Different longitudinal evolution of metabolic concentration was observed between TgF344-AD and WT groups. Namely, age-dependent trajectories differed between groups for creatine in the cortex and thalamus and for taurine in cortex, with significant decreases in Tg344-AD animals; whereas myo-inositol in the thalamus and striatum showed greater increase along time in the WT group. Additional analysis revealed divergent intra- and inter-regional metabolic coupling in each group. Thus, in cortex, strong couplings of N-acetylaspartate and creatine with myo-inositol in WT, but with taurine in TgF344-AD rats were observed; whereas in the hippocampus, myo-inositol, taurine and choline compounds levels were highly correlated in WT but not in TgF344-AD animals. Furthermore, specific cortex-hippocampus-striatum metabolic crosstalks were found for taurine levels in the WT group but for myo-inositol levels in the TgF344-AD rats. With a systems biology perspective of metabolic changes in AD pathology, our results shed light into the complex spatio-temporal metabolic rewiring in this disease, reported here for the first time. Age- and tissue-dependent imbalances between myo-inositol, taurine and other metabolites, such as creatine, unveil their role in disease progression, while pointing to the inadequacy of the latter as an internal reference for quantification.
Effect of ivabradine on cognitive functions of rats with scopolamine-induced dementia
Authors: Assi Abdel-Azim , Abdelnabi Sara , Attaai Abdelraheim , Abd-ellatief Rasha B.
Published: October 2022

Alzheimer’s disease is among the challenging diseases to social and healthcare systems because no treatment has been achieved yet. Although the ambiguous pathological mechanism underlying this disorder, ion channel dysfunction is one of the recently accepted possible mechanism. Hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channels play important roles in cellular excitability and synaptic transmission. Ivabradine (Iva), an HCN blocker, is acting on HCN channels, and is clinically used for angina and arrhythmia. The current study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of Iva against scopolamine (Sco) induced dementia. To test our hypothesis, Sco and Iva injected rats were tested for behavioural changes, followed by ELISA and histopathological analysis of the hippocampus. Induced dementia was confirmed by behavioural tests, inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress tests and histopathological signs of neurodegeneration, multifocal deposition of congo red stained amyloid beta plaques and the decreased optical density of HCN1 immunoreactivity. Iva ameliorated the scopolamine-induced dysfunction, the hippocampus restored its normal healthy neurons, the amyloid plaques disappeared and the optical density of HCN1 immunoreactivity increased in hippocampal cells. The results suggested that blockage of HCN1 channels might underly the Iva therapeutic effect. Therefore, Iva might have beneficial effects on neurological disorders linked to HCN channelopathies.
A numerical approach for preventing the dispersion of infectious disease in a meeting room
Authors: Ahmadzadeh Mahdi , Shams Mehrzad
Published: October 2022

Airborne transmission of respiratory aerosols carrying infectious viruses has generated many concerns about cross-contamination risks, particularly in indoor environments. ANSYS Fluent software has been used to investigate the dispersion of the viral particles generated during a coughing event and their transport dynamics inside a safe social-distance meeting room. Computational fluid dynamics based on coupled Eulerian–Lagrangian techniques are used to explore the characteristics of the airflow field in the domain. The main objective of this study is to investigate the effects of the window opening frequency, exhaust layouts, and the location of the air conditioner systems on the dispersion of the particles. The results show that reducing the output capacity by raising the concentration of suspended particles and increasing their traveled distance caused a growth in the individuals' exposure to contaminants. Moreover, decreasing the distance between the ventilation systems installed location and the ceiling can drop the fraction of the suspended particles by over 35%, and the number of individuals who are subjected to becoming infected by viral particles drops from 6 to 2. As well, the results demonstrated when the direction of input airflow and generated particles were the same, the fraction of suspended particles of 4.125%, whereas if the inputs were shifted to the opposite direction of particle injection, the fraction of particles in fluid increased by 5.000%.
Active tactile sensing of small insect force by a soft microfinger toward microfinger-insect interactions
Authors: Konishi Satoshi , Mori Fuminari , Kakehi Yugo , Shimizu Ayano , Sano Fumiya , Koyanagi Kodai
Published: October 2022

Human–robot interaction technology has contributed to improving sociality for humanoid robots. At scales far from human scales, a microrobot can interact with an environment in a small world. Microsensors have been applied to measurement of forces by flying or walking insects. Meanwhile, most previous works focused on the measurement of the behavior of insects. Here, we propose microrobot-insect interactions by soft microfingers integrated with artificial muscle actuators and tactile sensors, which has been developed for a haptic teleoperation robot system. A soft pneumatic balloon actuator acts as the artificial muscle, and a flexible strain sensor using a liquid metal provides tactile sensing. Force interaction between a pill bug and the microfinger could be accomplished. The microfinger (12 mm × 3 mm × 490 μm) can move and touch an insect, and it can detect reaction force from an insect. The measured reaction force from the legs of a pill bug as a representative insect was less than 10 mN. This paper presents a microfinger as an end effector for the active sensing of reaction force from a small insect. We anticipate that our results will lead to further evaluation of small living things as well as technology development for human–environment interaction.
The first high-density genetic map of common cockle (Cerastoderma edule) reveals a major QTL controlling shell color variation
Authors: Hermida Miguel , Robledo Diego , Díaz Seila , Costas Damián , Bruzos Alicia L. , Blanco Andrés , Pardo Belén G. , Martínez Paulino
Published: October 2022

Shell color shows broad variation within mollusc species and despite information on the genetic pathways involved in shell construction and color has recently increased, more studies are needed to understand its genetic architecture. The common cockle (Cerastoderma edule) is a valuable species from ecological and commercial perspectives which shows important variation in shell color across Northeast Atlantic. In this study, we constructed a high-density genetic map, as a tool for screening common cockle genome, which was applied to ascertain the genetic basis of color variation in the species. The consensus genetic map comprised 19 linkage groups (LGs) in accordance with the cockle karyotype (2n = 38) and spanned 1073 cM, including 730 markers per LG and an inter-marker distance of 0.13 cM. Five full-sib families showing segregation for several color-associated traits were used for a genome-wide association study and a major QTL on chromosome 13 associated to different color-traits was detected. Mining on this genomic region revealed several candidate genes related to shell construction and color. A genomic region previously reported associated with divergent selection in cockle distribution overlapped with this QTL suggesting its putative role on adaptation.
Analysis of the robustness and dynamics of spin-locking preparations for the detection of oscillatory magnetic fields
Authors: Capiglioni Milena , Turco Federico , Wiest Roland , Kiefer Claus
Published: October 2022

Extracting quantitative information of neuronal signals by non-invasive imaging is an outstanding challenge for understanding brain function and pathology. However, state-of-the-art techniques offer low sensitivity to deep electrical sources. Stimulus induced rotary saturation is a recently proposed magnetic resonance imaging sequence that detects oscillatory magnetic fields using a spin-lock preparation. Phantom experiments and simulations proved its efficiency and sensitivity, but the susceptibility of the method to field inhomogeneities is still not well understood. In this study, we simulated and analyzed the dynamic of three spin-lock preparations and their response to field inhomogeneities in the presence of a resonant oscillating field. We show that the composite spin-lock preparation is more robust against field variations within the double resonance effect. In addition, we tested the capability of the chosen composite spin-lock preparation to recover information about the spectral components of a composite signal. This study sets the bases to move one step further towards the clinical application of MR-based neuronal current imaging.
Experimentally revealing anomalously large dipoles in the dielectric of a quantum circuit
Authors: Yu Liuqi , Matityahu Shlomi , Rosen Yaniv J. , Hung Chih-Chiao , Maksymov Andrii , Burin Alexander L. , Schechter Moshe , Osborn Kevin D.
Published: October 2022

Quantum two-level systems (TLSs) intrinsic to glasses induce decoherence in many modern quantum devices, such as superconducting qubits. Although the low-temperature physics of these TLSs is usually well-explained by a phenomenological standard tunneling model of independent TLSs, the nature of these TLSs, as well as their behavior out of equilibrium and at high energies above 1 K, remain inconclusive. Here we measure the non-equilibrium dielectric loss of TLSs in amorphous silicon using a superconducting resonator, where energies of TLSs are varied in time using a swept electric field. Our results show the existence of two distinct ensembles of TLSs, interacting weakly and strongly with phonons, where the latter also possesses anomalously large electric dipole moment. These results may shed new light on the low temperature characteristics of amorphous solids, and hold implications to experiments and applications in quantum devices using time-varying electric fields.
Usefulness of modified S-line for upper instrumented vertebra selection in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis Lenke type 2 curves
Authors: Mimura Tetsuhiko , Ikegami Shota , Banno Tomohiro , Seki Shoji , Ohba Tetsuro , Oba Hiroki , Kuraishi Shugo , Uehara Masashi , Munakata Ryo , Takizawa Takashi , Hatakenaka Terue , Kamanaka Takayuki , Miyaoka Yoshinari , Kurogochi Daisuke , Fukuzawa Takuma , Haro Hirotaka , Kawaguchi Yoshiharu , Matsuyama Yukihiro , Koseki Michihiko , Takahashi Jun
Published: October 2022

No validated systems exist for selecting the upper instrumented vertebra (UIV) for optimal postoperative shoulder balance in Lenke type 2 adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). This study evaluated a new method for shoulder balance prediction using the modified Shinshu line (MSL) for UIV selection in AIS Lenke type 2 curves. Fifty-five consecutive AIS patients receiving posterior spinal fusion (PSF) for a Lenke type 2 AIS curve were retrospectively analyzed according to several UIV determination models. Shoulder imbalance was judged as absolute radiographic shoulder height ≥ 10 mm at the 2-year observational endpoint. The MSL was the line between the center of the spinous process of C7 and that of the lowest instrumented vertebra. The vertebral body first touched proximally by the MSL was defined as the MSL vertebra (MSLV) and recommended as the UIV. The group with the UIV matching the MSLV had a significantly lower prevalence of shoulder imbalance of 23% (odds ratio 4.08, 95% CI 1.22–13.7, P = 0.02). Setting the MSLV as the UIV in PSF for AIS Lenke type 2 may reduce the prevalence of postoperative shoulder imbalance.
Contrast enhancement by location and volume is associated with long-term outcome after thrombectomy in acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Chang Guo-Can , Ma Dai-Chao , Li Wei , Qiu Jin , Sun Xian-Hui , Zhao Yong-Gang , Liu Xin , Zhao Zi-Ai , Liu Liang , Nguyen Thanh N. , Chen Hui-Sheng
Published: October 2022

Contrast enhancement (CE) on brain non-contrast computed tomography (NCCT) is common after endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS), but its association with clinical outcomes is not well established. The current study aimed to investigate this relationship. We retrospectively reviewed consecutive patients with acute ischemic stroke who had hyperdensity on NCCT immediately after EVT for anterior circulation large vessel occlusion (LVO) from January 2016 to December 2019. We used ASPECTS combined with volume measurement by 3D reconstruction to estimate the extent and location of CE. Multivariable regression analysis was conducted to explore the risk factors associated with clinical outcome. In this study, 113 of 158 (71.52%) anterior circulation AIS-LVO patients had hyperdensity on brain NCCT. After strict inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 64 patients were enrolled in the final analysis. In logistic regression analysis, CE-ASPECTS, CE volume, CE at the caudate nucleus, M4 and M6 region were associated with 3-month poor functional outcome after adjusting for confounding factors. The conventional variable model was used for reference, including age, initial NIHSS, the procedure time, stent retriever passes, recanalization status and baseline ASPECTS, with AUC of 0.73. When combined with the above-named variables (conventional variables + CE-ASPECTS + CE volume + CE at caudate nucleus + CE at M4 region + CE at M6 region), the predictive power was significantly improved, with AUC of 0.87 (95% CI 0.78–0.95). The spatial location and volume of CE on NCCT obtained immediately after EVT were independent and strong predictors for poor outcome at 3-months in patients with AIS after excluding definite hemorrhage by 24-h follow up CT.
Identification and biochemical characterization of a novel N-acetylglucosamine kinase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Umekawa Midori , Nishikawa Ayano , Isono Naoto , Karita Shuichi
Published: October 2022

N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) is a key component of glycans such as glycoprotein and the cell wall. GlcNAc kinase is an enzyme that transfers a phosphate onto GlcNAc to generate GlcNAc-6-phosphate, which can be a precursor for glycan synthesis. GlcNAc kinases have been found in a broad range of organisms, including pathogenic yeast, human and bacteria. However, this enzyme has never been discovered in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a eukaryotic model. In this study, the first GlcNAc kinase from S. cerevisiae was identified and named Ngk1. The Km values of Ngk1 for GlcNAc and glucose were 0.11 mM and 71 mM, respectively, suggesting that Ngk1 possesses a high affinity for GlcNAc, unlike hexokinases. Ngk1 showed the GlcNAc phosphorylation activity with various nucleoside triphosphates, namely ATP, CTP, GTP, ITP, and UTP, as phosphoryl donors. Ngk1 is phylogenetically distant from known enzymes, as the amino acid sequence identity with others is only about 20% or less. The physiological role of Ngk1 in S. cerevisiae is also discussed.
A fluorescent and scattering dual-mode probe based on a carbon dot@cerium–guanosine monophosphate coordination polymer network for tetracycline detection
Authors: Liu Shi Gang , Yang Shujuan , Liu Siyi , Hu Yuxiang , Gao Wenli , Deng Jiehong , Shi Xingbo
Published: October 2022

Dual-mode sensing with a two-signal read-out is conducive to the improvement of detection accuracy.
Tannic acid-based functional coating: surface engineering of membranes for oil-in-water emulsion separation
Authors: Wang Zhenxing , Gao Jie , Zhu Lin , Meng Jinxuan , He Fang
Published: October 2022

Recent progress in the tannic acid-based functional coating for surface engineering of membranes toward oil-in-water emulsion separation is summarized.
Determination and analysis of time series of CFC-11 (CCl3F) from FTIR solar spectra, in situ observations, and model data in the past 20 years above Jungfraujoch (46°N), Lauder (45°S), and Cape Grim (40°S) stations
Authors: Pardo Cantos Irene , Mahieu Emmanuel , Chipperfield Martyn P. , Smale Dan , Hannigan James W. , Friedrich Marina , Fraser Paul , Krummel Paul , Prignon Maxime , Makkor Jamal , Servais Christian , Robinson John
Published: October 2022

Analysis of the last 20 years ground-based FTIR time series of CFC-11 from NDACC stations in the northern and southern hemispheres confirm the slowdown in the CFC-11 atmospheric concentration decay, related to emissions from non-reported production.
Dimethylamine in cloud water: a case study over the northwest Atlantic Ocean
Authors: Corral Andrea F. , Choi Yonghoon , Collister Brian L. , Crosbie Ewan , Dadashazar Hossein , DiGangi Joshua P. , Diskin Glenn S. , Fenn Marta , Kirschler Simon , Moore Richard H. , Nowak John B. , Shook Michael A. , Stahl Connor T. , Shingler Taylor , Thornhill Kenneth L. , Voigt Christiane , Ziemba Luke D. , Sorooshian Armin
Published: October 2022

This study analyzes characteristics of an important alkyl amine species, dimethylamine (DMA), in cloud water over the northwest Atlantic.
Plasmon driven nanocrystal transformation in low temperature environments
Authors: Zhang Baobao , Kong Ting , Zhang Chengyun , Mi Xiaohu , Chen Huan , Guo Xiaojun , Zhou Xilin , Ji Min , Fu Zhengkun , Zhang Zhenglong , Zheng Hairong
Published: October 2022

The preparation and modification of crystal structures in cryogenic environments with conventional methods is challenging, but it is essential for the development of composite materials, energy savings, and future human space exploration.
Copper inks for printed electronics: a review
Authors: Zeng Xianghui , He Pei , Hu Minglu , Zhao Weikai , Chen Huitong , Liu Longhui , Sun Jia , Yang Junliang
Published: October 2022

This review summarizes the development of copper inks in printing electronics, including classification of inks, printing and sintering methods, antioxidant strategies, and applications for flexible electronics.
Contra-thermodynamic halolactonization of lactam-tethered 5-aryl-4(E)-pentenoic acids for the flexible and stereocontrolled synthesis of fused lactam-halolactones
Authors: Beng Timothy K. , Borg Claire , Rodriguez Morgan J.
Published: October 2022

The contra-thermodynamic halolactonization of lactam-tethered 5-aryl-4(E)-pentenoic acids, under solvent- and catalyst-controlled conditions, has facilitated the efficient and stereocontrolled synthesis of halogenated fused γ-lactone-lactams.
Organic–inorganic hybrid [NH3(CH2)6NH3]ZnBr4 crystal: structural characterization, phase transitions, thermal properties, and structural dynamics
Authors: Lim Ae Ran , Ju Huiyeong
Published: October 2022

Organic–inorganic hybrid [NH3(CH2)6NH3]ZnBr4 crystals were prepared by slow evaporation; the crystals had a monoclinic structure with space group P21/c and lattice constants a = 7.7833 Å, b = 14.5312 Å, c = 13.2396 Å, β = 90.8650°, and Z = 4.
Triple-FRET multi-purpose fluorescent probe for three-protease detection
Authors: Milićević David , Hlaváč Jan
Published: October 2022

A triple-FRET four-dye system for detection of three proteases has been developed and verified.
Coordination copolymerization monitoring of ethylene and alfa-olefins by in-line Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Comparán-Padilla Víctor E. , García-Zamora Maricela , Infante-Martínez Ramiro , Díaz José A. , Villarreal-Cárdenas Luis , Rodríguez-Hernández María T. , Pérez-Camacho Odilia
Published: October 2022

Copolymerizations of ethylene and alfa-olefins, using Ziegler–Natta or metallocene catalysts, testing two methods of co-monomer addition, through batch or dossing mode during the reactions, are reported in this work.
Stability & durability of self-driven photo-detective parameters based on Sn1−βSbβSe (β = 0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20) ternary alloy single crystals
Authors: Jagani Hirenkumar Shantilal , Dixit Vijay , Patel Abhishek , Gohil Jagrutiba , Pathak V. M.
Published: October 2022

DVT grown SnSbSe crystals were characterized using E-DAX, XPS, XRD, SEM, HRTEM, UV, PL and Raman characterizations. Photodetection parameters depict the improvement in the stability and durability of device for SbSnSe photodetector compare to SnSe.
Correction: Giant magnetoelectric coupling observed at high frequency in NiFe2O4–BaTiO3 particulate composite
Authors: Shi Zhenhua , Zhang Jing , Gao Daqiang , Zhu Zhonghua , Yang Zhaolong , Zhang Zhipeng
Published: October 2022

Correction for ‘Giant magnetoelectric coupling observed at high frequency in NiFe2O4–BaTiO3 particulate composite’ by Zhenhua Shi et al., RSC Adv., 2020, 10, 27242–27248, https://doi.org/10.1039/D0RA05782G.
Correction: Scalable synthesis and structural characterization of reversible KLK6 inhibitors
Authors: Baumann Andreas , Isak Daniel , Lohbeck Jasmin , Jagtap Pravin Kumar Ankush , Hennig Janosch , Miller Aubry K.
Published: October 2022

Correction for ‘Scalable synthesis and structural characterization of reversible KLK6 inhibitors’ by Andreas Baumann et al., RSC Adv., 2022, 12, 26989–26993, https://doi.org/10.1039/D2RA04670A.
Pre-service chemistry teachers’ knowledge of the coordination number and the oxidation number in coordination compounds
Authors: Turan-Oluk N.
Published: October 2022

The purpose of this study is to determine pre-service chemistry teachers’ knowledge of the oxidation number and coordination number in coordination compounds. Data were collected from 31 pre-service chemistry teachers through a 4-question scale, and the second question of the scale consisted of 8 sub-questions. The results showed that the participants had difficulties in defining both the coordination number and the oxidation number of the central atoms/ions in coordination compounds, and they had misconceptions about these concepts. Also, it was revealed that the participants had difficulties in determining both the oxidation number of the central atom and the coordination number in coordination compounds. Participants stated that they had problems in determining the oxidation number because they did not remember the ligand charges, and the coordination number because they did not remember the number of ligand teeth.
Discovery strategy leads to the first melt-castable cocrystal based on an energetic oxidizing salt
Authors: Bellas Michael K. , Matzger Adam J.
Published: October 2022

An ammonium salt cocrystallization paradigm is developed and applied to the energetic oxidizing salt ammonium dinitramide. The approach presented here is generally applicable in the development of ion-specific salt cocrystallization strategies.
Controllable generation of interfacial gas structures on the graphite surface by substrate hydrophobicity and gas oversaturation in water
Authors: Fang Hengxin , Geng Zhanli , Guan Nan , Zhou Limin , Zhang Lijuan , Hu Jun
Published: October 2022

We studied the synergistic effect of surface hydrophobicity and gas oversaturation on the formation of interfacial gas domains.
Hydrogen bonding mediated spillover enabling superior alkaline industrial-level current density hydrogen evolution
Authors: Hu Hongyin , Zhou Linsen , Duan Fang , Zhu Han , Gu Hongwei , Lu Shuanglong , Du Mingliang
Published: October 2022

The hydrogen bond between F atoms and H2O molecules may help to facilitate water adsorption and dissociation so as to enhance the HER efficiency through spillover strategy. This strategy can be widely used in various electrocatalysts.
Achieving efficient and stable inorganic CsSnI3 mesoporous perovskite solar cells via galvanic displacement reaction
Authors: Zhang Zhiguo , Sun Qiang , Nakajima Takahito , Ban Huaxia , Liu Zhirong , Yu Haixuan , Wang Yin , Xiao Zewen , Shen Yan , Wang Mingkui
Published: October 2022

A galvanic displacement reaction using zinc powder to reduce Sn4+ in the precursor and enhance the device stability was reported. A record power conversion efficiency of 8.27% was achieved in mesoporous CsSnI3 solar cells.
Getting drugs to the brain: advances and prospects of organic nanoparticle delivery systems for assisting drugs to cross the blood–brain barrier
Authors: Tan Qiuxia , Zhao Shaojing , Xu Ting , Wang Qin , Lan Minhuan , Yan Li , Chen Xianfeng
Published: October 2022

Organic-nanoparticles (NPs) delivery systems for crossing the blood–brain barrier.
Detachment of bovine corneal endothelial cell sheets by cooling-induced surface hydration of poly[(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate]-based thermoresponsive copolymer coating
Authors: Soh Wilson Wee Mia , Zhu Jingling , Song Xia , Jain Deepak , Yim Evelyn K. F. , Li Jun
Published: October 2022

A smart surface was prepared by non-covalently coating of a thermoresponsive copolymer via a simple drop-casting method. The smart surface was conducive to cell culture, from which intact cell sheets could be effectively detached by cooling.
Starch-based near-infrared organic fluorophores for the imaging of latent fingerprints
Authors: Ran Chenhui , Xu Zhenzhen , He Jingping , Man Zhongwei , Lv Zheng , Wang Ping , Fu Hongbing
Published: October 2022

A new NIR-emissive material composed of an organic fluorophore and porous starch for the visualization of latent-fingerprints with high resolution.
Wrinkled 2D hybrid heterostructures for stretchable and sensitive photodetectors
Authors: Lee Hsu-Yen , Lu Guan-Zhang , Shen Ji-Lin , Lin Hsia-Yu , Chen Yang-Fang
Published: October 2022

Device structure of the MoS2 QD/graphene hybrid wrinkled heterostructured photodetector.
On the anti-missile interception technique of unpowered phase based on data-driven theory
Authors: Huang Yong , Li Yang
Published: October 2022

Abstract. The anti-missile interception technique of unpowered phase is of much importance in the military field, which depends on the prediction of the missile trajectory and the establishment of the missile model. With rapid development of data science field and large amounts of available data observed, there are more and more powerful data-driven methods proposed recently in discovering governing equations of complex systems. In this work, we introduce an anti-missile interception technique via a data-driven method based on Koopman operator theory. More specifically, we describe the dynamical model of the missile established by classical mechanics to generate the trajectorial data. Then we perform the data-driven method based on Koopman operator to identify the governing equations for the position and velocity of the missile. Numerical experiments show that the trajectories of the learned model agree well with the ones of the true model. The effectiveness and accuracy of this technique suggest that it will be realized in practical applications of anti-missile interception.
Sporttherapeutische Behandlungsmethoden nach einer
Gehirnerschütterung
Authors: Skibba Michael , Reinhardt Jessica , Helmich Ingo
Published: October 2022

Einleitung Die Gehirnerschütterung (GE) ist eine häufig,
insbesondere im Sport, auftretende Verletzung und kann zu langfristigen
gesundheitlichen Einschränkungen führen. Studien deuten darauf
hin, dass eine aktive statt passive Rehabilitation nach einer GE den
Genesungsprozess unterstützen und längerfristige Auswirkungen
reduzieren kann. Das Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es daher, mittels eines
systematischen Reviews einen Überblick über spezifische
sporttherapeutische Behandlungsmethoden und deren Einfluss auf die Genesung nach
einer GE zu untersuchen.

Methoden systematische Literaturrecherche.

Ergebnisse Fünf von sechs randomisiert-kontrollierten Studien
(RCT) zeigten, dass ein aerobes Training (AT) sowohl die Erholungszeit als auch
die Gefahr langfristiger Symptome nach einer GE reduzieren kann. Drei RCTs
zeigten, dass eine vestibuläre Rehabilitation (VR), die insbesondere
Gleichgewichtstraining sowie visuelle und sensomotorische Übungen
umfasst, und manuelle therapeutische Maßnahmen (MT) Symptome wie
z. B. Schwindel, Nackenschmerzen und Kopfschmerzen reduzieren
können. In keiner der neun Studien wurden negative Begleiterscheinungen
bewegungstherapeutischer Maßnahmen nach einer GE beobachtet.

Fazit Sporttherapeutische Maßnahmen scheinen ein effektives
Instrument für die Behandlung nach einer GE zu sein. Eine VR scheint
sich positiv auf die Symptome Schwindel, Nackenschmerzen und/oder
Kopfschmerzen auszuwirken. Ein AT kann hingegen unabhängig von der Art
der Symptomatik eingesetzt werden und die Genesungszeit sowie mögliche
langfristige Symptome nach einer GE reduzieren. Daher sind spezifische
sporttherapeutische Maßnahmen nicht nur wirksam hinsichtlich der
Genesung nach einer GE, sondern sollten bereits nach kurzer Ruhephase initiiert
werden.
The Novel Gabapentinoid Mirogabalin Prevents Upregulation of
α2δ-1 Subunit of Voltage-Gated Calcium Channels
in Spinal Dorsal Horn in a Rat Model of Spinal Nerve Ligation
Authors: Domon Yuki , Kobayashi Naoko , Kubota Kazufumi , Kitano Yutaka , Ueki Hideaki , Shimojo Yumiko , Ishikawa Kayoko , Ofune Yuka
Published: October 2022

Gabapentinoids are specific ligands for the α2δ-1
subunit of voltage-gated calcium channels. This class of drugs, including
gabapentin and pregabalin, exert various pharmacological effects and are widely
used for the treatment of epilepsy, anxiety, and chronic pain. The mechanism of
action of gabapentinoids involves both direct modulation of calcium channel
kinetics and inhibition of channel trafficking and expression, which contribute
to the above pharmacological effects. In the present study, we investigated the
effects of mirogabalin, a novel potent gabapentinoid, on expression levels of
the α2δ-1 subunit in the spinal dorsal horn in a rat
model of spinal nerve ligation (SNL) as an experimental animal model for
peripheral neuropathic pain. The neuropathic pain state was induced by SNL in
male Sprague – Dawley rats. After the development of mechanical
hypersensitivity, the animals received 10 mg/kg mirogabalin or
vehicle orally for 5 consecutive days and were subjected to immunohistochemical
analysis of α2δ-1 subunit expression in the spinal
cord. In the SNL model rats, expression of the α2δ-1
subunit significantly increased in the spinal dorsal horn at the ipsilateral
side of nerve injury, while mirogabalin inhibited this increase. In conclusion,
the α2δ-1 subunit was upregulated in the spinal
dorsal horn of SNL model rats, and repeated administration of mirogabalin
inhibited this upregulation. The inhibitory effect of mirogabalin on
upregulation of the α2δ-1 subunit after nerve injury
is considered to contribute to its analgesic effects in peripheral neuropathic
pain.
Current Challenges and Future Direction in Surveillance for Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Cholankeril George , El-Serag Hashem B.
Published: October 2022

The burden for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) attributed to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) continues to grow in parallel with rising global trends in obesity. The risk of HCC is elevated among patients with NAFLD-related cirrhosis to a level that justifies surveillance based on cost-effectiveness argument. The quality of current evidence for HCC surveillance in all patients with chronic liver disease is poor, and even lower in those with NAFLD. For a lack of more precise risk-stratification tools, current approaches to defining a target population in noncirrhotic NAFLD are limited to noninvasive tests for liver fibrosis, as a proxy for liver-related morbidity and mortality. Beyond etiology and severity of liver disease, traditional and metabolic risk factors, such as diabetes mellitus, older age, male gender and tobacco smoking, are not enough for HCC risk stratification for surveillance efficacy and effectiveness in NAFLD. There is an association between molecular and genetic factors and HCC risk in NAFLD, and risk models integrating both clinical and genetic factors will be key to personalizing HCC risk. In this review, we discuss concerns regarding defining a target population, surveillance test accuracy, surveillance underuse, and other cost-effective considerations for HCC surveillance in individuals with NAFLD.
Sleep Disturbances in Neurological Disease: A Target for Intervention
Authors: Khambadkone Seva G. , Benjamin Sara E.
Published: October 2022

Sleep is a biological function required for neurological and general health, but a significant and under-recognized proportion of the population has disturbed sleep. Here, we briefly overview the biology of sleep, sleep requirements over the lifespan, and common sleep disorders. We then turn our attention to five neurological diseases that significantly contribute to global disease burden and neurology practice makeup: epilepsy, headache, ischemic stroke, Parkinson's disease, and Alzheimer's disease. For each disease, we review evidence that sleep disturbances contribute to disease risk and severity and discuss existing data that addressing sleep disturbances may have disease-modifying effects. We provide recommendations derived from the literature and existing clinical guidelines to facilitate the evaluation and management of sleep disturbances within the context of each neurological disease. Finally, we synthesize identified needs and commonalities into future directions for the field and practical sleep-related recommendations for physicians caring for patients at risk for or currently suffering from neurological disease.
Generating Operative Workflows for Vestibular Schwannoma Resection: A Two-Stage Delphi's Consensus in Collaboration with the British Skull Base Society. Part 2: The Translabyrinthine Approach
Authors: Horsfall Hugo Layard , Khan Danyal Z. , Collins Justin , Cooke Stephen , Freeman Simon R. , Gurusinghe Nihal , Hampton Susie , Hardwidge Carl , Irving Richard , Kitchen Neil , King Andrew , Khalil Sherif , Koh Chan H. , Leonard Colin , Marcus Hani J. , Muirhead William , Obholzer Rupert , Pathmanaban Omar , Robertson Iain J. A. , Shapey Jonathan , Stoyanov Danail , Teo Mario , Tysome James R. , Grover Patrick , Saeed Shakeel R.
Published: October 2022

Objective An operative workflow systematically compartmentalizes operations into hierarchal components of phases, steps, instrument, technique errors, and event errors. Operative workflow provides a foundation for education, training, and understanding of surgical variation. In this Part 2, we present a codified operative workflow for the translabyrinthine approach to vestibular schwannoma resection.

Methods A mixed-method consensus process of literature review, small-group Delphi's consensus, followed by a national Delphi's consensus was performed in collaboration with British Skull Base Society (BSBS). Each Delphi's round was repeated until data saturation and over 90% consensus was reached.

Results Seventeen consultant skull base surgeons (nine neurosurgeons and eight ENT [ear, nose, and throat]) with median of 13.9 years of experience (interquartile range: 18.1 years) of independent practice participated. There was a 100% response rate across both the Delphi rounds. The translabyrinthine approach had the following five phases and 57 unique steps: Phase 1, approach and exposure; Phase 2, mastoidectomy; Phase 3, internal auditory canal and dural opening; Phase 4, tumor debulking and excision; and Phase 5, closure.

Conclusion We present Part 2 of a national, multicenter, consensus-derived, codified operative workflow for the translabyrinthine approach to vestibular schwannomas. The five phases contain the operative, steps, instruments, technique errors, and event errors. The codified translabyrinthine approach presented in this manuscript can serve as foundational research for future work, such as the application of artificial intelligence to vestibular schwannoma resection and comparative surgical research.