bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigating the Complex Dynamics of Rural-Urban Migration: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Kumari Nisha , Indukuri Bangar Raju
Published: November 2024

In developing countries, migration results from origin push factors like unemployment, poverty, natural disasters, and underdevelopment. However, migration from rural to urban areas in developing countries contributes to urbanisation and is viewed as an investment to secure improved and higher-paying employment opportunities. The scope of the rural-urban migration area is mapped in this study in relation to employment and the development of new factors. To map the field, first systematic literature review was performed on the retrieved literature from a chosen database (SCOPUS). Further, using the bibliometrix R package and VOSviewer, descriptive and content analysis were carried out as part of the bibliometric analysis. The analysis focuses on the various viewpoints on the topic, including the literature's descriptive details, the authors' and sources' relevance, their contributions, and the countries' contributions. It also looks at the topic's driving themes and any newly discovered factors that may be contributing to rural-urban migration.  JEL Codes: O15, J61, J01 Received: 25/04/2024.  Accepted: 21/09/2024.  Published: 14/10/2024.
The complexities of the context in pre-service teachers’ teaching identities construction
Authors: Yepes Gonzalez Daniela Alexandra , Rincón Duarte Yeny Lucía
Published: November 2024

El propósito de este estudio de caso es retratar cómo un grupo de cinco estudiantes de magisterio del programa de Lenguas Modernas de una universidad pública de Tunja, Colombia, vincularon episodios significativos con la construcción de sus identidades como docentes de EFL. Los datos se recopilaron a través de los diarios de audio de los estudiantes de magisterio y de un grupo de discusión basado en los incidentes críticos que enfrentaron durante su práctica final. Los datos se analizaron cualitativamente. Los resultados indicaron que el contexto social, cultural y político afectó la construcción de identidades de los futuros docentes. Los aspectos clave que los participantes juzgaron como eventos importantes fueron las interacciones con docentes, estudiantes, padres y la institución.
L’ABRUZZO DI FERDINAND GREGOROVIUS: TRADUZIONI ITALIANE A CONFRONTO
Authors: Delli Castelli Barbara
Published: November 2024

A seguito di un viaggio in Abruzzo compiuto nel 1871, lo storico tedesco Ferdinand Gregorovius stende un resoconto che pubblicherà nel quarto volume dei Wanderjahre in Italien. Per l’epoca si tratta di uno dei rari testi stranieri dedicati a una regione d’Italia ancora poco conosciuta e apprezzata. Alla sua descrizione Gregorovius si dedica con entusiasmo e sincera ammirazione per le bellezze naturali, e al contempo con culto coscienzioso della storia, mettendo questo territorio in una luce accattivante al pari di altre località ben più note. Nelle versioni italiane dei Wanderjahre, però, le pagine dedicate all’Abruzzo sembrano essere trattate con meno attenzione e cura filologica rispetto ad altri capitoli, quasi a voler riflettere quell’atteggiamento di scarso interesse per la regione che aveva caratterizzato il primo decennio postunitario e oltre. La traduzione si fa dunque specchio della disposizione personale del traduttore rispetto al testo, che a sua volta denota un sentire comune, arrivando in alcuni passaggi a disattendere le intenzioni dell’autore. L’analisi è stata condotta mettendo a confronto il testo originale con le sue principali edizioni in lingua italiana.
IL TEATRO DI PIPPO DELBONO
Authors: Eccher Christian
Published: November 2024

In questo lavoro analizzeremo l’opera teatrale del regista e attore Pippo Delbono, che ormai da un trentennio cavalca le scene teatrali non solo italiane, ma anche mondiali. Ci concentreremo soprattutto su due opere del regista ligure, “La Gioia” e “Vangelo”, che racchiudono e riassumono molti dei motivi tipici amati dall’artista genovese. Per il fatto di aver lavorato con attori disabili e con gente ai margini della società, il teatro di Delbono è stato definito da alcuni critici e giornalisti “sociale”. Dimostreremo che il Teatro di Delbono non ha nulla a che fare con l’integrazione delle persone più disagiate: sul palcoscenico e in platea, infatti, siamo tutti uguali: attori e spettatori, ovvero esseri umani, in una riflessione artistico-filosofica che va da Filodemo di Gadara al filosofo Sartre.
IL CANZONIERE AMOROSO DI LUDOVICO PASCHALE
Authors: Ferri Ane A.
Published: November 2024

Questo articolo tratta l'analisi e la reinterpretazione del Canzoniere del poeta rinascimentale bocchese Ludovico Paschale prendendo come punto di riferimento versi della sua raccolta poetica scritta in italiano intitolata Rime volgari. La ricerca si basa su un approccio comparativo, di ricerca e storico-letterario che ha illuminato il modo e la maestria con i quali Paschale ha rappresentato l'amore dai suoi inizi fino al momento in cui subisce la provvidenza divina. Come poeta cresciuto sotto l’influenza dello spirito umanistico sia nella sua città natia, Cattaro, che durante i suoi anni di studio in Italia, culla del Rinascimento, eravamo interessati a capire come il poeta di Bocche di Cattaro abbia emulato la lirica d’amore dei suoi modelli, in particolare Francesco Petrarca. Fin dai primi giorni, influenzato dall'arte classica, il poeta ha naturalmente ereditato elementi della poesia rinascimentale, tra cui la struttura del romanzo d'amore nei versi. Tuttavia, nonostante fosse influenzato dai suoi modelli, Paschale è riuscito a infondere una scintilla di originalità e autenticità nelle sue rime. Analizzando i suoi versi scopriamo la sua abilità poetica, che lo distingue da molti imitatori e lo definisce come un creatore che ha ricontestualizzato motivi già noti, contribuendo così ad arricchire la scena letteraria rinascimentale del XVI secolo.
I RAPPORTI FAMILIARI NEI PROVERBI: POTENZIALITÀ INTERCULTURALE ED IMPLICAZIONI GLOTTODIDATTICHE
Authors: Koceva Vesna , Kuzmanovska Dragana , Vitanova-Ringaceva Ana
Published: November 2024

Il presente contributo si propone di presentare l’uso dei proverbi in classe di lingua straniera, il confronto tra proverbi in lingua italiana, tedesca e macedone e la loro potenzialità per lo sviluppo della competenza interculturale. Nella prima parte del contributo vengono presentate delle osservazioni sui proverbi ed il loro valore linguistico e culturale. Nella seconda parte del contributo vengono presentati alcuni possibili esempi di uso dei proverbi in vari tipi di attività didattiche. I proverbi presi in esame sono proverbi in italiano, tedesco e macedone appartenenti al campo semantico della famiglia, cioè, proverbi che contengono i lessemi padre, madre, figlio, figlia, fratello, sorella, suocera, nuora, moglie e marito, parente/i. L’obiettivo delle attività non è soltanto acquisire un repertorio lessicale più ricco ed evoluto, ma anche stimolare la creatività degli studenti nonché suscitare la riflessione sugli stereotipi e la discussione sui pregiudizi presentati. Svolgendo le attività gli studenti universitari macedoni che studiano l’italiano e il tedesco come LS nella classe di lingua, alla Facoltà di Filologia dell’Università Goce Delcev di Stip sono incoraggiati ad individuare le somiglianze e le differenze tra i proverbi appartenenti a queste tre lingue e le rispettive culture, e ad individuare degli stereotipi, coinvolgendoli in una riflessione linguistica e culturale. Questa seconda parte, quindi, dimostra che molti proverbi sono presenti in più lingue e culture con piccole variazioni in modo tale che confrontandoli, scopriamo le equivalenze interlinguistiche.
ROMAN U OSNOVNOJ ŠKOLI (1945−2013)
Authors: Bihorac Ahmed A.
Published: November 2024

U radu su prezentovani rezultati naših istraživanja nastavnih programa nastave književnosti. Prikazali smo opšti pogled na istraživanja koja sežu u XIX vek, a akribično i dosledno smo problem razmatrali na problemsko-udžbeničkim verzijama druge polovine XX veka i početka XXI veka. Materijale do Drugog svetskog rata dali smo u osvrtu, a one novijeg datuma smo detaljno teorijski razmatrali. Rad je komponovan na sledeći način: hipoteza, detaljna hipoteza problema i sinteza osnovnih konstatacija. Studijsko razmatranje rađeno je uz neformalno i kreativno komponovanje više istraživačkih, logičkih, književno-naučnih metoda i metodološko-metodičkih postupaka. Pokušali smo da damo doprinos nastavi i situiranju romana u nastavnim programima.
DETAILED CORRELATION AND REFINED FACIES ZONING OF LOWER–MIDDLE JURASSIC OIL AND GAS-BEARING DEPOSITS IN THE SIBERIAN ARCTIC
Authors:   Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia, Shemin G. G. , Vernikovsky V. A. ,   Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia,   Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia, Glazyrin P. A. ,   Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia,   Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia, Sapyanik V. V. ,   Novosibirsk Branch of the All-Russian Research Geological Oil Institute, Novosibirsk, Russia, Vakhromeev A. G. ,   Institute of the Earth’s Crust SB RAS, Irkutsk, Russia, Smirnov M. Yu. ,   All-Russian Petroleum Research Institute, Moscow, Russia
Published: November 2024

Lower–Middle Jurassic deposits of the Siberian sector of the Arctic shelf which prove to be promising in terms of oil and gas-bearing capacity are associated with challenges stemming from their complex structure and a paucity of drilling data. Results of the detailed correlation based on the biostratigraphic, lithostratigraphic and cyclostratigraphic methods at the scale of horizons, formations, sub-formations and cyclic sedimentary units are presented. The data used were derived from 27 correlation profiles, of which ten (encompassing all the facies regions in the study area) are presented in this article. Due to their major focus on paleontology, the sections of wells and correlation profiles used were few in number. The refined herewith variant of facies zoning of deposits in the study area is based on research results obtained from: paleontological studies, detailed correlation and lithological-paleogeographic maps and maps showing surface sediment composition. The materials allowed us, firstly, to refine the facies zonation along with stratigraphy of the sediment infill in basal formations of Lower-Middle Jurassic deposits, and secondly, to predict spatial distributions of all 19 regionally expressed producing and highly potential oil sands within the area of study.
ANALYSIS OF DEPENDENCE BETWEEN THE ORE OCCURRENCES LOCALIZATION AND FAULT ZONES USING THE EXAMPLE OF THE SOUTH GOBI GOLD BELT (SOUTH MONGOLIA)
Authors:   Sobolev Institute Institute of Geology and Mineralogy SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia, Zadorozhnyy M. V. ,   Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia,   DataIst, Novosibirsk, Russia, Zolnikov I. D. ,   Sobolev Institute Institute of Geology and Mineralogy SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia,   Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia, Glushkova N. V. ,   Sobolev Institute Institute of Geology and Mineralogy SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia,   Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia, Fetisov I. S. ,   Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
Published: November 2024

The paper deals with an identification of mutual spatial distribution patterns between ore occurrences and faults within the South Gobi gold belt. When studying the confinedness of ore occurrences to faults of different directions, it turned out that ore occurrences, regardless of genetic type and age, tend to faults of sublatitudinal direction and are confined not to areas with an increased density of faults, but to areas with a medium density. It places in question the correctness of using faults digitized from medium-scale maps as a criterion for predictive metallogenic models.
A performance-centered design method for adaptive cruise control system
Authors: Zhan Siya , Liu Congzhi
Published: November 2024

The adaptive cruise control (ACC) system that can take into account safety andriding comfort has attracted widespread attention. The challenges lie in designing an optimal car-following system with some predefined performance constraints based on the nonlinear dynamics, including being safe with the given certain system constraints, such as safe driving within the system input and output boundaries, also comprising the control stability. In this paper, a novel ACC design approach is proposed by transforming performance boundaries into control input and output constraints, taking into account the need for safe operation. Firstly, a nonlinear dynamics system is modeled for the ACC system based on the vehicle longitudinal dynamics. Then, a performance-centered ACC system is established based on a control barrier function and a control Lyapunov function for safety and stability concerns, respectively. Subsequently, an optimal control strategy with performance constraints is formulated and recast into a standard quadratic programming problem considering the need for stability and reliability. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed method, a real-world experiment is performed, whose results illustrate the safety performance and practical application of the ACC system.
Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis in an Adolescent Undergoing Gender-Affirming Therapy with a Gonadal-Releasing Hormone Analog
Authors: Foo Elizabeth W , Bolam Scott M
Published: November 2024

Case:

Physeal stability in slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) depends on integrity of the hypertrophic zone. This in turn is affected by imbalance between circulating growth hormones and gonadal hormones. This case describes the occurrence of SCFE in a Māori (indigenous New Zealander) transgender girl, undergoing gender-affirming therapy with a gonadal-releasing hormone analog (GnRHa).

Conclusion:

Surgeons and clinicians alike should be aware that GnRHa in gender-affirming therapy may confer an additional risk factor, lowering the threshold required for SCFE to occur. Counseling patients about potentially increased risk, and need for timely presentation could be warranted, particularly in high-risk individuals.
Craniovertebral Junction Tuberculosis, a Rare Presentation With Hypoglossal and Facial Nerve Palsy
Authors: Verma Aman , Olkha Vikas , Sethy Siddharth Sekhar , Verma Vishal , Goyal Nikhil , Kandwal Pankaj
Published: November 2024

Case:

A 47-year-old man presented with neck pain, restricted neck movements, along with involvement of facial and hypoglossal nerve. On the basis of clinico-radiological correlation, the patient was diagnosed with craniovertebral junction tuberculosis and was started on antitubercular therapy (ATT). Failing the conservative trial, the patient was operated and occipitocervical fusion was done with bone grafting. After 12 months of ATT intake, he showed complete recovery of the facial and hypoglossal nerve, with complete resolution of instability pain.

Conclusion:

Craniovertebral junction tuberculosis is uncommon, and its manifestation with cranial nerves involvement is even more rare. Meticulous clinico-radiological assessment should be done to diagnose and plan the treatment. Early recognition and prompt initiation of ATT, along with timely surgical intervention, when necessary, are crucial for optimal management and outcomes.
Alfred North Whitehead. Process and Reality. An Essay in Cosmology Part I. Charter III. Some Derivative Notions
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Lokosova Maria
Published: November 2024

Readers are invited to the translation of the third chapter of the central work of A.N. Whitehead “Process and Reality” (1929), in which the author gives the final fundamental touches to the foundations of the process philosophy (philosophy of the organism), which he outlined in the first two chapters of this work, already translated into Russian. The third chapter touches on many aspects of all subsequent chapters, focusing on such categories as ‘the primary nature of God’, ‘creativity’, ‘societies’ (connections of the basic elements of reality), atomism and continuity. The purpose of the explanatory article is to identify Whitehead’s innovative approach to the formation of fundamental categories of reality and experience, ignoring the principles of which can significantly complicate and distort the content of his philosophy. It also briefly discusses the principles of Whitehead’s philosophy in general, such as metaphysics and speculativeness, along with the radical empiricism and realism of his system. The consistent combination of these traditionally opposing features in the history of philosophy makes his system one of the most profound, innovative and paradigmatic metaphysics of the 20th century.
Systematic review of the application of the Kidney Failure Equation and Oxford classification in estimating prognosis in IgA Nephropathy
Authors: Toal Michael , Fergie Ruth , Quinn Michael , Hill Christopher , O'Neill Ciaran , Maxwell Alexander Peter
Published: November 2024

Background
IgA Nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common primary glomerulonephritis in the world and is a common cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and kidney failure. Outcomes are heterogeneous and accurate risk stratification is important to identify the highest risk individuals for treatment and to help prevent disease progression. The Oxford classification (OC) is an internationally adopted standard for renal biopsy reporting in IgAN, which measures the degree of histological abnormalities and predicts prognosis. The Kidney Failure Risk Equation (KFRE) was developed to predict kidney failure in all causes of CKD and has been shown to be highly accurate across diverse etiologies. This review aimed to compare the KFRE with formulae incorporating the OC in accurately determining the risk of kidney failure in IgAN.
Methods
A systematic review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines of studies comparing the accuracy of the KFRE with the OC in predicting disease progression and kidney failure in IgAN. The search strategy and analysis were performed independently by two reviewers. Studies that were eligible for inclusion compared the KFRE with any tool incorporating the OC in a cohort of individuals with IgAN. Eligible outcomes were reduction of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) or end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and prognostic tools were required to assess the accuracy of these formulae by discrimination and/or calibration.
Results
After searching several databases, only one study was eligible for inclusion in the review. This study of 2300 Chinese individuals with IgAN had a median follow-up of 2.5 years. 288 individuals had a composite outcome of 50% decline in eGFR or ESRD and 214 individuals developed ESRD. Both the KFRE and the IgAN Risk Prediction tool (IRP) (incorporating the OC) were highly accurate at predicting ESRD with a C-statistic of 0.90 and 0.91 respectively. Subgroup analysis demonstrated improved performance of IRP over KFRE in discrimination for individuals with preserved eGFR (> 60 ml/min/1.73m2) at baseline. The risk of bias was high due to insufficient follow-up and handling of missing data, so overall confidence in findings is very low.
Conclusion
There is currently insufficient evidence to compare the accuracy of the KFRE and OC in determining outcomes in IgAN. Further research is required in this field.
Trial registration
PROSPERO: CRD42022364569
Widespread restoration to susceptibility in pyrethroid-resistant malaria vector Anopheles gambiae complex following pre-exposure to piperonyl-butoxide: results from country-wide insecticide resistance monitoring in Tanzania, 2023
Authors: Kabula Bilali , Mlacha Yeromin P. , Serbantez Naomi , Nhiga Samwel L. , Mkude Sigsbert , Kiware Samson , Michael James , Mero Victor , Ballard Sarah-Blythe , Chan Adeline , Abbas Said , Mwalimu Charles D. , Govella Nicodem J.
Published: November 2024

Background
Effective vector control interventions, notably insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) and indoor residual spraying (IRS), are indispensable for malaria control in Tanzania and elsewhere. However, the emergence of widespread insecticide resistance threatens the efficacy of these interventions. Monitoring of insecticide resistance is therefore critical for the selection and assessment of the programmatic impact of insecticide-based interventions.
Methods
The study was conducted country-wide across 22 sentinel districts of Tanzania between May and July 2023 using standard World Health Organization assays with 1X, 5X, and 10X of deltamethrin, permethrin and alpha-cypermethrin and discriminating concentrations of 0.25% pirimiphos-methyl. Synergist assays were conducted to explore the underlying mechanisms of the observed phenotypic pyrethroid resistant mosquitoes. Three- to five-day old wild adult females in the first filiar generation of Anopheles (An.) gambiae sensu lato (s.l.) were used for the tests.
Results
An. gambiae s.l. were resistant to all pyrethroids at the discriminating dose in most sentinel districts except in Rorya, which remains fully susceptible, and Ushetu, which remains susceptible to deltamethrin but not permethrin. In 5 sites (Bukombe, Ukerewe, Kilwa, Kibondo, and Kakonko), the An. gambiae s.l. species exhibited strong resistance to pyrethroids surviving the 10 X concentrations (mortality rate <98%). However, they remained fully susceptible to pirimiphos-methyl in almost all the sites except in Kibondo and Shinyanga. Likewise, there was full restoration to susceptibility to pyrethroid following pre-exposure of An. gambiae s.l. to piperonyl-butoxide (PBO) in 13 out of 16 sites. The 3 sites that exhibited partial restoration include Kakonko, Tandahimba and Newala.
Conclusion
The evidence of widespread pyrethroid resistance of the major malaria vector justifies the decision made by the Tanzania National Malaria Control Program to transition to PBO-based ITNs. Without this switch, the gains achieved in malaria control could be compromised. Equally important, the lack of full restoration to susceptibility observed in three sentinel districts upon pre-exposure to PBO merits close monitoring, as there could be other underlying resistance mechanisms besides oxidase metabolic resistance.
Response analysis of a pagoda in China under blast loading
Authors: Zhao Guangxing , Liu Dewen , Wang Wei , He Qing , Sun Yongbing , Liu Yang
Published: November 2024

Based on a nine-story ancient pagoda with important historical and cultural value in Guangxi, China, this study simulated the collapse process of the ancient pagoda under different explosion points by using the fluid-structure coupling method, which can better explore the explosion-proof performance of the ancient pagoda. By constructing the finite element model of 5 explosion points, it is found that the area closest to the explosion point is the most seriously damaged, and the damage of the front explosion surface is obviously higher than that of the back explosion surface. In addition, the study shows that the response of the pagoda body is more severe and the damage is more serious when the number of blasting layers is 3, 5 and 7. In order to optimize the explosion-proof design, it is suggested to strengthen the structure of the surface of the explosion facing, improve the support system and masonry connection mode, and pay attention to the safety margin in the middle area of the pagoda body, so as to provide an effective scheme for the protection technology of the ancient pagoda.
The impact of nano-materials on the characteristics of cement-based materials and their practical use in engineering
Authors: Yao Chunlei , Ren Feng , Xu Shuqi , Wang Jie , Bao Jiming , Chen Hua , Wei Guangchao
Published: November 2024

To optimize the effectiveness of sealing boreholes, researchers analyze and modify the features of sealing materials to maximize the efficiency of extracting coalbed methane. This study presents the development of a novel cement-based material for sealing holes. The material is made by employing silicate cement (PC) and sulfoaluminate cement (SAC) as the basis, with nano-SiO2 as the primary addition. An investigation was conducted using orthogonal tests to examine the impact of these additives on the fluidity, setting time, and compressive strength of PC-SAC compounded cementitious pore sealing material. Additionally, the hydration process and hydration products were studied using XRD, TGA, SEM, and BET. The results indicate that the combination of nano-SiO2 and fly ash has a significant positive effect on enhancing the compressive strength of the material and improving its microstructure. Additionally, the presence of harmful holes in the material has been significantly reduced. Through an orthogonal test method, the optimal combination was determined to be 20% fly ash, 3% nano-SiO2, 0.05% plastic expander, and 0.03% water-reducing agent.Furthermore, in the engineering field test, the self-developed material demonstrated a 3.5% higher gas extraction efficiency compared to the mining material.
Behavioral, electrocardiographic evaluation, and mechanism of action of Curcuma longa essential oil in juvenile tambaqui Colossoma macropomum (Cuvier, 1818) subjected to immersion baths at different concentrations
Authors: Cerqu Luciana Esquerdo , de Araújo Daniella Bastos , Eiró-Quirino Luciana , Hartcopff Priscille Fidelis Pacheco , Paz Clarissa Araújo da , Reis Thaysa Sousa , Camara Sarah Farias , de Souza Luana Vasconcelos , Rocha Lucas Lima , Barbosa Gabriela Brito , Farias Rômulo Augusto Feio , Muto Nilton Akio , Hamoy Moisés
Published: November 2024

The use of natural agents as anesthetics in fish management aims to minimize stress during procedures. This study aims to investigate the behavioral, electrocardiographic characteristics, and the pharmacological mechanism of action of Curcuma longa essential oil (CLEO) in Colossoma macropomum. The study was conducted on juvenile Colossoma macropomum (18.13 ± 2.1g) (n = 153), using CLEO concentrations of 125 µL.L⁻¹, 150 µL.L⁻¹, 175 µL.L⁻¹, 200 µL.L⁻¹, and 250 µL.L⁻¹, analyzing anesthetic induction and recovery behavior (Experiment I), electrocardiogram (Experiment II), and the underlying mechanism of action (Experiment III). Fish exposed to CLEO concentrations reached a deep anesthesia stage in a concentration-dependent manner. However, the effects obtained during anesthetic induction were reversible, both in behavioral parameters and cardiac activity. The mechanism of action was observed after administration of flumazenil 1 mg/kg i.p., which showed greater resistance to loss of postural reflex and shorter latency for recovery. The mechanism of action indicates involvement of inhibitory GABA neurotransmission. The cardiac effects at the concentrations used were compatible with anesthesia, but no arrhythmias occurred that could compromise the hemodynamics of the fish, demonstrating its safety for short-duration anesthesia induction in Colossoma macropomum.
An Instructional Emperor Pigeon Optimization (IEPO) based DeepEnrollNet for Student Enrolment Prediction and Retention Recommendation at Majmaah University
Authors: Sharma Sunil Kumar
Published: November 2024

Academic institutions increasingly require the ability to manage enrollment and track student retention, comprehensively plan their future course list based on campus demand to better support students in a broader variety of disciplines. In this study, we presented an innovative framework to predict student enrollment and prevent students from churn in Majmaah University by using deep learning-based approach on residuos analysis combined with recommender system to deal both text and numeric data. The proposed framework includes advanced preprocessing techniques such as K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) imputation and Z-score normalization for numeric data, complemented by text processing methods including stop word removal, stemming, lemmatization, tokenization, and Named Entity Recognition (NER). Feature extraction is performed using statistical measures (mean, median, standard deviation, skewness, kurtosis) for numeric data, and advanced techniques such as word embeddings (GloVe), topic modeling (Latent Dirichlet Allocation - LDA), and sentiment analysis (SentiWordNet) for text data. A weighted feature fusion approach integrates these features. The optimal features are selected using the Pythagorean fuzzy AHP with Hybrid Optimization approach (Instructional Emperor Pigeon Optimization (IEPO)). The DeepEnrollNet model, employing CNN-GRU-Attention QCNN, is utilized for accurate enrollment prediction, while Deep Q-Networks (DQN) are applied to generate actionable retention recommendations. This comprehensive methodology aims to enhance predictive accuracy and develop effective strategies for improving student retention at Majmaah University.
Fecal microbiota transplantation mitigates postdieting weight regain in mice by modulating the gut-liver axis
Authors: Cao Hong , Xu Jiangwei , Wang Han , Yi Wanya , Yang Dandan , Yang Ju , Sun Jing , Wang Yingyu , Zhang Feng , Yan Jiai , Li Dan
Published: November 2024

Background
Dysbiosis of the microbiome is strongly associated with weight rebound after dieting. However, host-microbiome interactions and their relevance to the pathogenesis of post-diet weight rebound remain unclear.
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of fecal microbiota transplantation on postdieting weight regain and to investigate the underlying mechanism by which FMT inhibits weight regain.
Methods
FMT was administered once daily to mice for 5 weeks. Gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry was employed for analyzing of short-chain fatty acid levels in serum, ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry was utilized for analyzing hepatic lipid metabolites, and shotgun metagenomic sequencing was applied for analyzing intestinal microbiome.
Results
FMT reduced weight regain and prevented lipid accumulation in both liver and adipose tissue, while also improving glucose intolerance in mice. Furthermore, FMT resulted in an increase in Enterorhabdus_caecimuris abundance and decreases in Burkholderiales, Sutterellaceae, Turicimonas_muris, Bacteroides_stercorirosoris, and Acetivibrio_ethanolgignens abundances within the gut microbiota. In addition to these changes, elevated propionic acid levels were observed along with significant alterations in hepatic lipid metabolites following FMT administration.
Conclusions
our findings demonstrate that FMT effectively mitigates postdieting weight regain as well as associated complications. These effects are mediated through interactions between the gut microbiota and liver via the gut- propionic acid-liver axis.
Mechanical and Microstructural Characterization of Sisal Fiber-Reinforced Polyester Laminate Composites for Improved Durability in Automotive Applications
Authors: Gebremichael Getachew , Baye Tertaraw Mucheye , Asratie Aychew , Mekonone Samuel Tesfaye
Published: November 2024

This study investigates the effects of fiber concentration and the stacking sequence of laminae on the mechanical properties of a sisal-reinforced polyester composite. The mechanical properties, such as the tensile, flexural, impact strengths, and microstructure, were characterized for laminated composite with different fiber concentrations and stacking sequences of lamina after they were processed using the hand layup method. Specimens with different fiber concentrations and lamina orientations were prepared using a manual compression molding technique that provides a flat plate with a thickness of 5 mm. The results showed that 40 wt. % of sisal fiber-reinforced composites with 90/0/45 staking sequence have shown the maximum tensile (68.409 MPa), flexural (64.276 MPa), and impact (67.71 MPa) strengths, and laminated composite with 90/0/45 lamina has shown superior tensile, flexural and impact properties as it compared with randomly oriented and non-woven fiber reinforced composite. The microstructure showed that a better interface adhesion was observed at 40 wt. % of fiber and 90/0/45 lamination. Therefore, 90/0/45 laminated composite materials can be proposed for engineering applications that require equivalent properties, including automobile front-fender applications.
RETRACTED: Effect of La doping on the structural, and photocatalytic properties of ZnO nanoparticles: A Green Microwave-assisted synthesis
Authors: M Thejaswini , S Pramila , V Lakshmi Ranganatha , B Vasanth Patil H , G Nagaraju , C Mallikarjunaswamy
Published: November 2024

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Measuring and Analyzing the Spatiotemporal Characteristics of Emergency Logistics Coordination for Natural Disasters in the Yellow River Basin
Authors: Hao Yu , Wang Jing , Zhang Lijun , Sun Chaolun
Published: November 2024

Emergency logistics collaboration is essential for minimizing the impact of natural disasters by ensuring the timely delivery of emergency supplies. This study analyzes the coordination of emergency logistics across nine provinces in the Yellow River Basin from 2012 to 2022. An evaluation index system based on the economic support-logistics transportation-information processing (ELI) framework is established. The coordination level is assessed using a static coupling coordination model with entropy-CRITIC combined weighting. Additionally, a dynamic coupling coordination model and ArcGIS global trend analysis reveal the comprehensive validity, global distribution, and evolution trends of coordination. The main research findings are as follows: (1) Temporally, the coordination level of emergency logistics for natural disasters in the Yellow River Basin shows a slowly rising trend in coordinated evolution. Both "logistics transportation-economic support" and "logistics transportation-information processing" exhibit gradual improvement, while "economic support-information processing" demonstrates a more pronounced positive trend. (2) Spatially, the coordination level displays a "U"-shaped trend, initially decreasing and then increasing from south to north, along with a clear spatial pattern of "the upper reaches < the middle reaches < the down reaches" from west to east.
Systematic identification of sugarcane vacuolar H+-translocating pyrophosphatase (VPP) gene family and the role of ScVPP1 in salt resistance
Authors: Sun Sheng-Ren , Wang Zhu-Qing , Lian Ming , Chen Jun-Lv , Qin Yuan-Xia , Chang Hai-Long , Xu Huan-Ying , Zhang Wei , Shabbir Rubab , Gao San-Ji , Wang Qin-Nan
Published: November 2024

The vital role of vacuolar H+-translocating pyrophosphatases H+-PPases (VPP) genes involved in plants in response to abiotic stresses. However, the understanding of VPP functions in sugarcane remained unclear. In this study, a total of 24 VPP genes (SsaVPP1–SsaVPP24) were identified in the Saccharum spontaneum genome of haploid clone AP85-441. These genes were distributed in two phylogenetic groups. The SsaVPPs displayed diverse physio-chemical and gene structure attributes. The SsaVPP family genes have expanded through segmental duplication (20 gene pairs) rather than tandem duplication. A full-length cDNA of ScVPP1 was cloned from the sugarcane cultivar ROC22 and shared 99.48% sequence identity (amino acid) with homologous gene SsaVPP21 from AP85-441. In ROC22, the ScVPP1 gene was considerably upregulated by NaCl and ABA treatments among leaf, root, and stem tissues, while this gene was exclusively upregulated in the root with PEG treatment. Under NaCl and ABA stresses, yeast cells transfected by the ScVPP1 plasmid showed distinct growth rates compared to control yeast cells transfected by the empty vector. In transgenic Arabidopsis lines overexpressing ScVPP1, the seed gemination and survival rate were enhanced under NaCl treatment, but not ABA stress as compared to wild-type plants. These results suggested that the ScVPP1 gene conferred tolerance to slat and may be used as a salt resistance gene source for sugarcane breeding.
Novel Waterborne Polyurethanes extended by glycerol monostearate:Their Synthesis and Application to Water Repellency
Authors: Zhou Haitao , liu yan , Lu Tianhao , Xia Wulin , Qin Ying , Kuang Guankun , Xin Binjie
Published: November 2024

In this paper, a string of waterborne polyurethane (WPU) emulsions synergistically modified with PDMS and GMS were successfully prepared by incorporating Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) into the soft segments of waterborne polyurethanes, and using glycerol monostearate (GMS) as a chain extender. FTIR, TGA, SEM, particle size test, water contact angle and other tests were used to characterize the effects of variable GMS contents on the structure and function of WPUs. The experimental tests showed that the WPUs synthesised with 30% PDMS-8% GMS synergism had better overall performance. The water contact angle could reach 115.4 °, and the water absorption was reduced to 10.52% at 72 h. Furthermore, this innovative WPU film had excellent thermal stabilization, and this study provided a new approach to improve waterproofing performance, hydrophobicity and thermal stability of waterborne polyurethanes, which is expected to be applied in coatings, adhesives and water-resistant agents.
Design and Implementation of a Multi-stage Pipelined Hardware for RoadRunner Lightweight Block Cipher
Authors: Raj Mitu , Raj Mitha
Published: November 2024

RoadRunner is an efficient block cipher developed for lightweight platforms. This paper discusses the design and implementation of pipelined hardware for RoadRunner on Field Programmable Arrays (FPGAs). The cipher’s Feistel round function loops are unrolled, and the outers rounds are pipelined to increase the throughput. The hardware architecture of the design is fully pipelined in 12 stages for optimum performance and area utilization. Comparing with the existing non-pipelined implementations of the same cipher, our work achieves much higher throughput of 7742 Mbps and an efficiency of 2.1 Mbps per slice on the same FPGA. Comparisons with other similar cipher implementations are also analyzed in this work.
Variation in the detectability of predator-prey interactions may lead to misleading conclusions in trophic ecology studies
Authors: de Préville Ambre Sacco--Martret , Plantegenest Manuel , Canard Elsa
Published: November 2024

Molecular gut content analysis has revolutionised trophic ecology and provided precious insights for biological control. It allowed for the determination of the diet of many organisms and the identification of predators of specific pests in natural conditions. However, DNA detectability depends on many parameters, notably on digestion rates that vary according to the predator-prey pair considered and the amount of prey consumed. When not considered, these factors may lead to an underestimation of the frequency of certain interactions compared with those for which the detection time window is wide, and to distortions in the conclusions of ecological studies.
Here we study to which extent the identity of the prey and the predator affects the detection half-life of their interaction when using a diagnostic multiplex PCR. We focused on an omnivorous family of arthropods, carabid beetles, regarded as major natural enemies in many agroecosystems. To this purpose, the effects of digestion time, predator size, and voracity on DNA detectability were assessed for five common prey types. Based on this study, a correction factor was generated for each species of predator and type of prey. Finally, predation intensity indexes of carabid communities on the five prey types were calculated with and without the correction factor on a dataset containing observations from conventional and conservation winter wheat fields to illustrate the extent to which the inclusion of a digestion-based correction factor may alter the study’s conclusions.
Efficiency Improvement of In Vitro Chromosome Doubling in Melon haploid
Authors: lelong yan , songyu zhu , kaimin wu , yao huang , yaomei zhang , jiaxi yang , kang wang , chuntao qian
Published: November 2024

In vitro chromosome doubling (ivCD) using colchicine is a main method for melon haploid chromosome doubling, but its doubling efficiency remains low. In this study, we aimed to increase the efficiency of melon haploid doubling. In Experiment 1, the impacts of genotype and explant age on the survival rate (SR) and sample doubling rate (SDR) of melon haploid through ivCD were studied. Nine melon haploid genotypes were treated with colchicine for 24 hours followed by inoculation into solid MS. The best doubling effect was achieved with explant age of 21 days. During this process, the explants exhibited a low SR (38.76 ± 9.72%) and SDR (19.04 ± 7.10%), but a high vitrification rate (VR) (37.36 ± 9.93%) and an extended period for explant regeneration for over 30 days. In Experiment 2, four representative genotypes were selected to screen suitable combinations of antimicrotubular agents and hormone-treatments to enhance the SR and SDR, and solve the other problems above. The results indicated that treatment with trifluralin for 24 hours, followed by inoculation into solid MS medium containing 6-BA for 15 days, yielded the highest SR (72.27 ± 9.44%) and SDR (42.12 ± 9.72%), but the lowest VR (2.35 ± 4.25%) and a shortened regeneration period of 15 days. Interestingly, in Experiment 2, doubled haploid (DH) obtained from treatment with trifluralin performed better in pollen viability rate (PVR), pollen deformity rate (PDR), and seed germination rate (SGR) compared to those treated with colchicine. In summary, we significantly increased the haploid chromosome doubling rate, reduced the regeneration time, and obtained DHs with relatively high fertility.
An Intelligent Duty Cycle Forecasting and Optimized Clustering Algorithm for Improving Energy Efficiency in Multi-hop WSNs
Authors: Aravinthan N. , Geetha K.
Published: November 2024

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) rely on clustering for energy-efficient routing. This involves dividing networks into clusters and optimizing routing paths based on energy and distance. Various clustering routing algorithms have been developed, with the Sine Cosine method and Lévy mutation (SCA-Lévy) showing superior energy efficiency and network lifespan. However, this method can lead to Quality-of-Service (QoS) issues, such as increased delay in intra- and inter-cluster transmission as network capacity grows, and transmission range limitations in multi-hop WSNs. This results in an ineffective tradeoff between energy usage and delay. Therefore, this paper introduces the Intelligent Duty Cycle adapted SCA-Lévy Clustering (IDCSC) based routing algorithm for multi-hop WSN. At first, the SCA-Lévy algorithm is applied during the setup phase to create the WSN clusters and choose the optimal Cluster Head (CH) in each cluster based on the node’s residual energy and distance. Then, during the data transmission phase, a joint inter- and intra-cluster energy reduction strategy is proposed to select the multi-hop path for transmitting data from nodes to the Base Station (BS). For intra-cluster communication, this strategy involves implementing a Forecast-based Duty-Cycle Adaptation (FDCA) using the Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) model to minimize energy consumption based on the distance between CH and child nodes. For inter-cluster communication, the path with the lowest energy consumption is selected, resulting in low energy dissipation and delay in multi-hop WSNs. Finally, extensive simulations demonstrate that the IDCSC algorithm attains a greater QoS efficiency in contrast with the conventional clustering routing algorithms.
Evaporation of an aerosol plume from an inkjet printhead
Authors: Lefebvre Xavier , Robert Etienne
Published: November 2024

The size of aerosol droplets is a critical factor in evaluating the risks associated with airborne pathogen transmission, yet it is highly variable due to evaporation. Additionally, the close proximity of water droplets within an aerosol plume can slow their evaporation, thereby further complicating risk assessments. To investigate these complexities, a versatile experimental setup was developed using the XAAR XJ128 inkjet printhead to generate droplets of 50 μm in diameter for detailed evaporation characterization within a plume. The droplet evaporation process was monitored via Phase Doppler Anemometry (PDA), which provided size distribution and velocity measurements at various positions along the vertical axis of the falling droplets. These experimental results were compared to a theoretical model for isolated droplet evaporation in quiescent air. Droplet number density significantly influenced evaporation, with measured evaporation rates in the plume, originally at a relative humidity of 30%, comparable to the theoretical model under 60-80% relative humidity when nearly all printhead nozzles were active. The effect of number density on evaporation was also analytically evaluated. Notably, the complete evaporation of droplets in this configuration could theoretically increase relative humidity up to 89% locally when all nozzles were used, while using about one-third of the nozzles resulted in a local relative humidity up to 33%. These insights underscore the importance of further investigating the evaporation dynamics of airborne aerosol droplets in the context of pathogen transmission. The use of an inkjet printhead demonstrates its significant potential for generating a controlled aerosol plume, offering a promising avenue for future research in this critical area.
High speed fs/ps-CARS thermometry for supersonic H2/air combustion studies
Authors: Pivard Clément , Scherman Michael , Santagata Rosa , Pilla Guillaume , Pelletier Guillaume , Pichon Thomas Le
Published: November 2024

We present the results of a hybrid femtosecond/picosecond coherent anti-stokes Raman scattering (fs/ps-CARS) thermometry campaign performed in a H2/air research supersonic scramjet combustor. In-situ vertical and horizontal temperature profiles were retrieved upstream and downstream the combustion zone. The repetition rate of the measurement was adjusted in order to optimize the signal to noise ratio of the CARS signal depending of the local turbulence of the flow. Near the flame front, single-shot measurements were demonstrated at kHz rate to catch the high-speed temperature fluctuations. In stationary zones downstream the combustion, up to 100 shots integration was performed in order to increase the precision of the measurement. This measurement campaign allowed to build a valuable experimental database for comparison with a 3D numerical unsteady computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulation developed at ONERA. This work demonstrates the efficiency of hybrid fs/ps-CARS to perform single-shot kHz thermometry inside large-scale supersonic combustor.
Federated Learning and Data Mining based Botnet Attack Detection Framework for Internet of Things
Authors: Liyanage Kushan Sudheera Kalupahana , Gedara Madhuwantha Priyashan Lokuge Lehele , Arachchige Sanduni Pavithra Oruthota , Widanalage Tharindu Aththanayake Malwaththe , Gamage Chatum Aloj Sankalpa Wijethunga , Guruge Nadeesha Sandamali Gammana
Published: November 2024

Advancements in the Internet of Things (IoT) have resulted in numerous IoT devices, both standard and non-standard, being connected to the Internet. These devices have inherent vulnerabilities and are not patched or maintained well after deployment. This has created a wider threat surface due to the sheer number of devices present. Recently, botnet attacks exploited such weaknesses in IoT and carried out massive DDoS attacks on high profile targets. In this work, we propose a data mining and federated learning based solution to detect the individual attack stages in botnet attacks. The proposed solution extracts advanced features by mining anomalous patterns in network traffic using frequent itemset mining. Then, we use these features to train a distributed federated learning solution at gateways of networks while extracting the global distribution of attack patterns at a centralized security manager without violating user privacy. We carry out a set of experiments using OpenStack and a real IoT testbed to evaluate the performance of the proposed solution. The results demonstrate that the performance of the proposed privacy-preserving system is comparable to existing solutions that compromise user privacy.