bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Les images des imprimés de la BNF : comment guider les usagers au sein d’un « eldorado numérique » ?
Authors: Sandras Agnès
Published: November 2020

La Bibliothèque nationale de France propose aujourd’hui en ligne près de 7 millions de documents numérisés via sa bibliothèque numérique Gallica, et un million via sa banque d’images. Les usagers en quête d’images précises ont toutefois besoin d’être guidés face à un tel Eldorado numérique. Comment repérer les images des imprimés (livres, journaux,…) qui ne sont pas indexées ? Peut-on espérer bientôt que l’Intelligence artificielle permettra de trouver des images sur les thématiques désirées dans la presse et les ouvrages numérisés ? Pourquoi est-il important de « sourcer » correctement les documents que l’on a ainsi découverts et que l’on souhaite réemployer ? Autant de questions auxquelles cet article s’efforce de répondre en suivant le fil rouge des images de Notre-Dame de Paris.
Les nouveaux critères du non-montrable : réflexions sur les stéréotypes racialisants
Authors: Labar Morgan
Published: November 2020

La Bibliothèque nationale de France propose aujourd’hui en ligne près de 7 millions de documents numérisés via sa bibliothèque numérique Gallica, et un million via sa banque d’images. Les usagers en quête d’images précises ont toutefois besoin d’être guidés face à un tel Eldorado numérique. Comment repérer les images des imprimés (livres, journaux,…) qui ne sont pas indexées ? Peut-on espérer bientôt que l’Intelligence artificielle permettra de trouver des images sur les thématiques désirées dans la presse et les ouvrages numérisés ? Pourquoi est-il important de « sourcer » correctement les documents que l’on a ainsi découverts et que l’on souhaite réemployer ? Autant de questions auxquelles cet article s’efforce de répondre en suivant le fil rouge des images de Notre-Dame de Paris.
Non-autonomous 2D Newton-Boussinesq equation with oscillating external forces and its uniform attractor
Authors: Song Xueli , Wu Jianhua
Published: November 2020

We consider a non-autonomous two-dimensional Newton-Boussinesq equation with singularly oscillating external forces depending on a small parameter \begin{document}$ \varepsilon $\end{document}. We prove the existence of the uniform attractor \begin{document}$ A^\varepsilon $\end{document} when the Prandtl number \begin{document}$ P_r>1 $\end{document}. Furthermore, under suitable translation-compactness and divergence type condition assumptions on the external forces, we obtain the uniform (with respect to \begin{document}$ \varepsilon $\end{document}) boundedness of the related uniform attractors \begin{document}$ A^\varepsilon $\end{document} as well as the convergence of the attractor \begin{document}$ A^\varepsilon $\end{document} to the attractor \begin{document}$ A^0 $\end{document} as \begin{document}$ \varepsilon\rightarrow 0^+ $\end{document}.
A robust time-cost-quality-energy-environment trade-off with resource-constrained in project management: A case study for a bridge construction project
Authors: Lotfi Reza , Yadegari Zahra , Hosseini Seyed Hossein , Khameneh Amir Hossein , Tirkolaee Erfan Babaee , Weber Gerhard-Wilhelm
Published: November 2020

Sustainable development requires scheduling and implementation of projects by considering cost, environment, energy, and quality factors. Using a robust approach, this study investigates the time-cost-quality-energy-environment problem in executing projects and practically indicates its implementation capability in the form of a case study of a bridge construction project in Tehran, Iran. This study aims to take into account the sustainability pillars in scheduling projects and uncertainties in modeling them. To model the study problem, robust nonlinear programming (NLP) involving the objectives of cost, quality, energy, and pollution level is applied with resource-constrained. According to the results, as time diminished, the cost, energy, and pollution initially decreased and then increased, witha reduction in quality. To make the model close to the real world by considering uncertainties, the cost and quality tangibly improved, and pollution and energy consumption declined. We applied the augmented \begin{document}$ \varepsilon $\end{document}-constraint method to solve the proposed model. According to the result of the research, with regard to the time-cost, time-quality, time-energy, and time-pollution charts, as uncertainty increases, the cost and quality will improve, and pollution and energy will decrease.

The proposed model can be employed for all industrial projects, including roads, construction, and manufacturing.
Stability for semivectorial bilevel programs
Authors: Li Gaoxi , Tang Liping , Huang Yingquan , Yang Xinmin
Published: November 2020

This paper studies the stability for bilevel program where the lower-level program is a multiobjective programming problem. As we know, the weakly efficient solution mapping for parametric multiobjective program is not generally lower semicontinuous. We first obtain this semicontinuity under a suitable assumption. Then, a new condition for the lower semicontinuity of the efficient solution mapping of this problem is also obtained. Finally, we get the continuities of the value functions and the solution set mapping for the upper-level problem based on the semicontinuities of solution mappings for the lower-level parametric multiobjective program.
Inference Under Random Limit Bootstrap Measures
Authors: Cavaliere Giuseppe , Georgiev Iliyan
Published: November 2020

Asymptotic bootstrap validity is usually understood as consistency of the distribution of a bootstrap statistic, conditional on the data, for the unconditional limit distribution of a statistic of interest. From this perspective, randomness of the limit bootstrap measure is regarded as a failure of the bootstrap. We show that such limiting randomness does not necessarily invalidate bootstrap inference if validity is understood as control over the frequency of correct inferences in large samples. We first establish sufficient conditions for asymptotic bootstrap validity in cases where the unconditional limit distribution of a statistic can be obtained by averaging a (random) limiting bootstrap distribution. Further, we provide results ensuring the asymptotic validity of the bootstrap as a tool for conditional inference, the leading case being that where a bootstrap distribution estimates consistently a conditional (and thus, random) limit distribution of a statistic. We apply our framework to several inference problems in econometrics, including linear models with possibly nonstationary regressors, CUSUM statistics, conditional Kolmogorov–Smirnov specification tests and tests for constancy of parameters in dynamic econometric models.
Sequential Information Design
Authors: Doval Laura , Ely Jeffrey C.
Published: November 2020

We study games of incomplete information as both the information structure and the extensive form vary. An analyst may know the payoff‐relevant data but not the players' private information, nor the extensive form that governs their play. Alternatively, a designer may be able to build a mechanism from these ingredients. We characterize all outcomes that can arise in an equilibrium of some extensive form with some information structure. We show how to specialize our main concept to capture the additional restrictions implied by extensive‐form refinements.
Family job search and wealth: The added worker effect revisited
Authors: García-Pérez J. Ignacio , Rendon Sílvio
Published: November 2020

We propose and estimate a model of family job search and wealth accumulation with data from the Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP). This dataset reveals a very asymmetric labor market for household members who share that their job finding is stimulated by their partners' job separation. We uncover a job search‐theoretic basis for this added worker effect, which occurs mainly during economic downturns, but also by increased nonemployment transfers. Thus, our analysis shows that the policy goal of increasing nonemployment transfers to support a worker's job search is partially offset by the spouse's cross effect of decreased nonemployment and wages. The added worker effect is robust to having more children and more education in the household and does not just result as a composition of heterogeneous individuals. We also show that the interdependency between household members is understated if wealth and savings are not considered. Finally, we show that gender equality in the labor market not only improves women's labor market performance, but it also increases men's accepted wages and nonemployment rates.
A tractable framework for analyzing a class of nonstationary Markov models
Authors: Maliar Lilia , Maliar Serguei , Taylor John B. , Tsener Inna
Published: November 2020

We consider a class of infinite‐horizon dynamic Markov economic models in which the parameters of utility function, production function, and transition equations change over time. In such models, the optimal value and decision functions are time‐inhomogeneous: they depend not only on state but also on time. We propose a quantitative framework, calledextended function path(EFP), for calibrating, solving, simulating, and estimating such nonstationary Markov models. The EFP framework relies on the turnpike theorem which implies that the finite‐horizon solutions asymptotically converge to the infinite‐horizon solutions if the time horizon is sufficiently large. The EFP applications include unbalanced stochastic growth models, the entry into and exit from a monetary union, information news, anticipated policy regime switches, deterministic seasonals, among others. Examples of MATLAB code are provided.
Discrete‐time dynamic principal–agent models: Contraction mapping theorem and computational treatment
Authors: Renner Philipp , Schmedders Karl
Published: November 2020

We consider discrete‐time dynamic principal–agent problems with continuous choice sets and potentially multiple agents. We prove the existence of a unique solution for the principal's value function only assuming continuity of the functions and compactness of the choice sets. We do this by a contraction mapping theorem and so also obtain a convergence result for the value function iteration. To numerically compute a solution for the problem, we have to solve a collection of static principal–agent problems at each iteration. As a result, in the discrete‐time setting solving the static problem is the difficult step. If the agent's expected utility is a rational function of his action, then we can transform the bi‐level optimization problem into a standard nonlinear program. The final results of our solution method are numerical approximations of the policy and value functions for the dynamic principal–agent model. We illustrate our solution method by solving variations of two prominent social planning models from the economics literature.
Development of a Robotic Hand Orthosis for Stroke Patient Rehabilitation
Authors: Osayande Emmanuel , Ayodele Kayode P. , Komolafe Morenikeji A.
Published: November 2020

This study developed a robotic orthosis capable of detecting the intention of a wearer to move their fingers, thereafter augmenting their muscle force. This was with the aim of producing a device that can be used in post-stroke hand rehabilitation. The design of the orthosis was based on an existing design, which was modified using BLENDER release 2.78 and printed with ABS plastic. An actuator was mounted at the rear end of the orthosis, to provide actuation to perform full range flexion and extension motion for digits. Force sensors were embedded at the fingertips of the orthosis to detect minute finger movements. For severe cases where stroke survivors are incapable of little finger movements, the study employed a brain-computer interface to detect the intent to move. The robotic orthosis achieved an accuracy of 64.1% and 62% in detecting unclench and clench activities respectively and actuating the orthosis digits in response. The results revealed that the design presented here can help provide effective hand rehabilitation. The study concluded that the design incorporated with BCI systems is capable of performing hand rehabilitation in a clinical setting as it obtains some level of accuracy in detecting patient intent to move and actuating in response. This design is low cost, and hence will lessen the economic burden for stroke survivors in a poor-resource country.
Cognitive Radio Networks and Spectrum Sensing: A Review
Authors: Talajiya Preet Hitesh , Gangurde Aniket Pramod , Ragavendran U , Murali Hariharan
Published: November 2020

The wireless spectrum demand is at a constant rise in contrast to its scarcity. Cognitive Radio Networks(CRN’s) as a notion was first brought into the light to tackle this issue. A CRN is an intelligent network that dynamically changes its characteristics through the process of Spectrum Sensing and adapts to the convenience of the environment it is in. This article presents a basic overview of what CRN’s are. The major contributions of this paper lie in a comparative study of CRN’s and Spectrum Sensing in recent years as well as its main challenges and applications. This review shall help current and new researchers in the field to look for future outlooks and give them a basic run-through of CRN’s and Spectrum Sensing and their characteristics.
UWB Transmission through Human Thorax: An Index of Cardiac Health
Authors: Sahu Kedar Nath , Naidu Challa Dhanunjaya , Kottareddygari Jaya Sankar
Published: November 2020

There are many applications which require remote and non-invasive measurement of heartbeat of a human being using an ultra-wideband (UWB) radar. Sophisticated models and their analysis need to be referred before the design of a practical radar prototype. In this paper, i) a UWB wave propagation model of human thorax and ii) the power transmission coefficients estimated from the simulations of the model in the range 1-10 GHz using MATLAB are presented. The study reveals that there is a periodic variation of the transmission coefficients in correlation with the instantaneous physical dimensions of an active heart.
Social Media Content Analysis
Authors: Vijayakumar D. Sudaroli , M. Senbagavalli , Thangaraju Jesudas , V. Sathiyamoorthi
Published: November 2020

Today's wealth and value are data. Data, used sensibly, are making wonders to make wise decisions for individuals, corporates, etc. The era of spending time with an individual to understand them better is gone. Individual's interests, requirements are identified easily by observing the activities an individual performs in social media. Social media, started as a tool for interaction, has grown as a platform to make and promote business. Social media content is unavoidable as the data that are going to be dealt with is huge in volume, variety, and velocity. The demand for using machine learning in analysing social media content is increasing at a faster pace in identifying influencers, demands of individuals. However, the real complexity lies in making the data from social media suitable for analysis. The type of data from social media content may be audio, video, image. The chapter attempts to give a comprehensive overview of the various pre-processing methods involved in dealing the social media content and the usage of right algorithms at the right time with suitable case examples.
Language Classification and Recognition From Audio Using Deep Belief Network
Authors: Selvaraj Santhi , J. Raja Sekar , S. Amutha
Published: November 2020

The main objective is to recognize the chat from social media as spoken language by using deep belief network (DBN). Currently, language classification is one of the main applications of natural language processing, artificial intelligence, and deep learning. Language classification is the process of ascertaining the information being presented in which natural language and recognizing a language from the audio sound. Presently, most language recognition systems are based on hidden Markov models and Gaussian mixture models that support both acoustic and sequential modeling. This chapter presents a DBN-based recognition system in three different languages, namely English, Hindi, and Tamil. The evaluation of languages is performed on the self built recorded database, which extracts the mel-frequency cepstral coefficients features from the speeches. These features are fed into the DBN with a back propagation learning algorithm for the recognition process. Accuracy of the recognition is efficient for the chosen languages and the system performance is assessed on three different languages.
A Comprehensive Study of Data Analytics in Social Perspectives
Authors: Sriram Arram , Adhiraju Prasanth Rao , Kalangi Praveen Kumar , V. Sathiyamoorthi
Published: November 2020

Social media websites enable users to create and share content or to participate in social networking. The main advantage of social media is the ability to communicate with different people to share their knowledge and discuss social events. The impact of social media on people and their behavior is enormous and also solves many problems if it works fine. But there may be negative aspects as well when they are exchange their ideas between people of very different cultures, religions, different age group, and misbehavior of a few users. These problems are addressed using data analytics, which takes people context into account, learns from it, and takes proactive steps according to their situation and expectations, avoiding user intervention as much as possible. This chapter presents all possible problems in social media and enabling those scenarios with effective solutions.
Efficacy of Herbal Medicine in Treating Metabolic and Endocrine Disorders
Authors: Ajaykumar Chittipolu
Published: November 2020

Metabolic syndrome is an interrelated cluster of pathogens such as obesity, impaired glucose tolerance, cancer, and insulin resistance leading to endocrinal disorders. In the 21st century, progression of the disease is rapid increases due to change in the lifestyle of humans having a chance to develop metabolic change, and in some cases, mutations occur, which drastically affects the endocrine functionality and subsequently causes syndrome X. In modern medicine, different medications are available but only to maintain the condition lifetime. For the complete cure, WHO focused on the traditional knowledge in 2004, using the herbal medicine to cure all metabolic aliments. According to ancient medical treatment, metabolic syndromes are completely curable. They divided the disease progression stages and formulated the different dosage forms. All the data obtained from the ancient herbal medicine treatment are not evidence-based. So, the researchers all around the world focused on the evidence-based proofs to confirm whether herbal medicine shows efficacy in curing the metabolic syndrome or not.
Nutraceuticals
Authors: Singh Shalini , Rawat Pushkar Singh
Published: November 2020

Nutraceutical is a unique grouping of two words, nutrition and pharmaceutical, which describes a food or food product that regularly provides health and medical benefits, including the prevention and cure of various diseases. Chemically, nutraceuticals contain a range of bioactive elements classified as polyphenolic compounds, isoprenoids, minerals, amino acid derivatives, carbohydrate derivatives, fatty acids and structural lipids, prebiotics, and probiotics. The majority of nutraceuticals have numerous beneficial and healing effects without any kind of side effects that keep their attention towards the consumer. The demand for nutraceuticals was increasing slowly due to a high risk of toxicity or adverse effect of drugs. Consequently, in such circumstances, nutraceuticals prove a safer approach for health management. Meanwhile, a few challenges were hindering the fame of nutraceuticals like lack of standardization and awareness, high pricing, marketing, and supply. This chapter mainly emphasizes the recent role of nutraceuticals in human health and its status in other nations.
Pharmacology and Therapeutic Applications of Resveratrol
Authors: Thanh Tung Bui
Published: November 2020

Resveratrol (3,5,4′-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene) is a non-flavonoid polyphenolic compound belonging to the stilbene group which is the main compound found in grapes. Resveratrol has shown a wide range of preventive and therapeutic alternatives against several diseases including distinct types of cancer, heart disease, stroke, diabetes, obesity, inflammation, antioxidant. It is a highly efficient treatment, which might be due to the three hydroxyl groups in its structure. Consumption of resveratrol has been shown to improve health status and has the positive effect of treatment of many diseases. Moreover, it has been demonstrated that resveratrol possesses the potential of lifespan extension in various organism and animal models. However, the long-term use of resveratrol may have some adverse effects and should be studied deeper. This chapter will outline some pharmacological effects of resveratrol.
Achievement in Urban Schools
Authors: Owens Delila , Matthews Dana , Woloch Christina Michelle
Published: November 2020

The purpose of this chapter is to give the readers a context for which to understand academic achievement in urban schools. The authors also provide an overview of the role of schools, families, and communities in the education of urban school students. This chapter will also highlight recommendations for school counselors and for counselor educators responsible for training school counselors. The authors convey the importance of schools, families, and communities working together to give all students optimal learning experiences.
Culturally-Responsive College Application Advising for Undocumented Immigrant Students
Authors: Camilo Diana
Published: November 2020

This chapter examines the implication of implementing culturally responsive pathways to college for undocumented students. The chapter provides an overview of the barriers students face, unique needs to consider, and outcomes for school counselors, or those supporting students in the college application process to go beyond the traditional practice of application completion. This chapter also includes a brief literature review of culturally responsive pedagogy and its application within a culturally responsive advising framework. Additionally, best practices and challenges are discussed.
iCitizen
Authors: Dorn-Medeiros Cort M.
Published: November 2020

School counselors are tasked with promoting the responsible use of technology in collaboration with families and educators to increase student safety. However, there are significant challenges dealing with technology use in the schools. Youth from underserved backgrounds, including LGBTQ+ youth, youth of color, and youth living in poverty, may find support and connection through technology. This chapter includes an overview on technology use among youth, cultural considerations in technology and digital media use, and collaborative interventions to promote tech safety and digital citizenship. Final case examples outline culturally responsive, student-centered interventions to promote tech safety and digital citizenships within schools.
Intraoperative aerosol box use: does an educational visual aid reduce contamination?
Authors: Burnett Garrett W. , Zhou George , Fried Eric A. , Shah Ronak S. , Park Chang , Katz Daniel
Published: November 2020

Background: The aerosol box was rapidly developed and disseminated to minimize viral exposure during aerosolizing procedures during the COVID-19 pandemic, yet users may not understand how to use and clean the device. This could potentially lead to increased viral exposure to subsequent patients and practitioners. We evaluated intraoperative contamination and aerosol box decontamination and the impact of a preoperative educational visual aid. Methods: Using a double-blinded randomized design, forty-four anesthesiology trainees and faculty completed a simulated anesthetic case using an aerosol box contaminated with a fluorescent marker; half of the subjects received a visual aid prior to the simulation. Intraoperative contamination was evaluated at 10 standardized locations using an ultraviolet (UV) light. Next, subjects were instructed to clean the aerosol box for use on the next patient. Following cleaning, the box was evaluated for decontamination using an UV light. Results: Median total contamination score was significantly reduced in the experimental group (5.0 vs. 10.0, P < 0.001). The aerosol box was completely cleaned by 36.4% of subjects in the experimental group compared to 4.5% in the control group (P = 0.009). Conclusions: The use of a visual aid significantly decreased intraoperative contamination and improved box cleaning. Despite these findings, a potentially clinically significant amount of viral exposure may exist. Thorough evaluation of the risks and benefits of the aerosol box should be completed prior to use. If an aerosol box is used, a visual aid should be considered to remind practitioners how to best use and clean the box.
Advancing male age differentially alters levels and localization patterns of PLCzeta in sperm and testes from different mouse strains
Authors: Kashir Junaid , Mistry Bhavesh V , Gumssani Maha Adel , Rajab Muhammad , Abu-Dawas Reema , AlMohanna Falah , Nomikos Michail , Jones Celine , Abu-Dawud Raed , Al-Yacoub Nadya , Coward Kevin , Lai F Anthony , Assiri Abdullah M
Published: November 2020

Sperm-specific phospholipase C zeta (PLCζ) initiates intracellular calcium (Ca2+) transients which drive a series of concurrent events collectively termed oocyte activation. Numerous investigations have linked abrogation and absence/reduction of PLCζ with forms of male infertility in humans where oocyte activation fails. However, very few studies have examined potential relationships between PLCζ and advancing male age, both of which are increasingly considered to be major effectors of male fertility. Initial efforts in humans may be hindered by inherent PLCζ variability within the human population, alongside a lack of sufficient controllable repeats. Herein, utilizing immunoblotting, immunofluorescence, and quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) we examined for the first time PLCζ protein levels and localization patterns in sperm, and PLCζ mRNA levels within testes, from mice at 8 weeks, 12 weeks, 24 weeks, and 36 weeks of age, from two separate strains of mice, C57BL/6 (B6; inbred) and CD1 (outbred). Collectively, advancing male age generally diminished levels and variability of PLCζ protein and mRNA in sperm and testes, respectively, when both strains were examined. Furthermore, advancing male age altered the predominant pattern of PLCζ localization in mouse sperm, with younger mice exhibiting predominantly post-acrosomal, and older mice exhibiting both post-acrosomal and acrosomal populations of PLCζ. However, the specific pattern of such decline in levels of protein and mRNA was strain-specific. Collectively, our results demonstrate a negative relationship between advancing male age and PLCζ levels and localization patterns, indicating that aging male mice from different strains may serve as useful models to investigate PLCζ in cases of male infertility and subfertility in humans.
Immunogenicity and Protective Efficacy of Radiation-Attenuated and Chemo-Attenuated PfSPZ Vaccines in Equatoguinean Adults
Authors: Jongo Said A. , Urbano Vicente , Church L. W. Preston , Olotu Ally , Manock Stephen R. , Schindler Tobias , Mtoro Ali , KC Natasha , Hamad Ali , Nyakarungu Elizabeth , Mpina Maximillian , Deal Anna , Bijeri José Raso , Ondo Mangue Martin Eka , Ntutumu Pasialo Beltrán Ekua , Nguema Genaro Nsue , Owono Salomon Nguema , Rivas Matilde Riloha , Chemba Mwajuma , Kassim Kamaka R. , James Eric R. , Stabler Thomas C. , Abebe Yonas , Saverino Elizabeth , Sax Julian , Hosch Salome , Tumbo Anneth-Mwasi , Gondwe Linda , Segura J. Luis , Falla Carlos Cortes , Phiri Wonder Philip , Hergott Dianna E. B. , García Guillermo A. , Schwabe Christopher , Maas Carl D. , Murshedkar Tooba , Billingsley Peter F. , Tanner Marcel , Ayekaba Mitoha Ondo’o , Sim B. Kim Lee , Daubenberger Claudia , Richie Thomas L. , Abdulla Salim , Hoffman Stephen L.
Published: November 2020

Plasmodium falciparum sporozoite (PfSPZ) Vaccine (radiation-attenuated, aseptic, purified, cryopreserved PfSPZ) and PfSPZ-CVac (infectious, aseptic, purified, cryopreserved PfSPZ administered to subjects taking weekly chloroquine chemoprophylaxis) have shown vaccine efficacies (VEs) of 100% against homologous controlled human malaria infection (CHMI) in nonimmune adults. Plasmodium falciparum sporozoite-CVac has never been assessed against CHMI in African vaccinees. We assessed the safety, immunogenicity, and VE against homologous CHMI of three doses of 2.7 × 106 PfSPZ of PfSPZ Vaccine at 8-week intervals and three doses of 1.0 × 105 PfSPZ of PfSPZ-CVac at 4-week intervals with each arm randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, and conducted in parallel. There were no differences in solicited adverse events between vaccinees and normal saline controls, or between PfSPZ Vaccine and PfSPZ-CVac recipients during the 6 days after administration of investigational product. However, from days 7–13, PfSPZ-CVac recipients had significantly more AEs, probably because of Pf parasitemia. Antibody responses were 2.9 times higher in PfSPZ Vaccine recipients than PfSPZ-CVac recipients at time of CHMI. Vaccine efficacy at a median of 14 weeks after last PfSPZ-CVac dose was 55% (8 of 13, P = 0.051) and at a median of 15 weeks after last PfSPZ Vaccine dose was 27% (5 of 15, P = 0.32). The higher VE in PfSPZ-CVac recipients of 55% with a 27-fold lower dose was likely a result of later stage parasite maturation in the liver, leading to induction of cellular immunity against a greater quantity and broader array of antigens.
Where Shared Sanitation is the Only Immediate Option: A Research Agenda for Shared Sanitation in Densely Populated Low-Income Urban Settings
Authors: Tidwell James B. , Chipungu Jenala , Ross Ian , Antwi-Agyei Prince , Alam Mahbub-Ul , Tumwebaze Innocent K. , Norman Guy , Cumming Oliver , Simiyu Sheillah
Published: November 2020

Shared sanitation is not currently accepted within the international normative definitions of “basic” or “safely managed” sanitation. We argue that pro-poor government strategies and investment plans must include high-quality shared sanitation as an intermediate step in some densely populated urban areas. User experience must be considered in establishing the definition of high quality. We call for additional research on effective interventions to reach these quality standards and for the development of rigorous measures applicable to global monitoring.
Topical issues of esophageal cancer and gastroesophageal cancer surgery
Authors: Krasnoselskyi M. V. , Starikov V. I. , Khodak A. S.
Published: November 2020

Background. Esophageal cancer (MS) ranks 14th in the structure of can­cer in the population of Ukraine. Gastroesophageal cancer (GER) is sev­eral times more common. It is estimated that cancer in this area accounts for more than 20 % of all stomach cancers. The results of cancer treatment in this location are the worst among other cancers. This is due to high ne­glect in newly diagnosed patients, high postoperative mortality (15 %) and low five-year survival. Purpose. To analyze the literature sources related to esophageal cancer and gastroesophageal cancer surgery development in chronological terms and to define the main directions for further development of surgery of this pathology. Materials and methods. The literature review has involved available full-text contributions obtained via literature search in domestic and for­eign databases. The search was restricted to the studies published within the 1975–2020 timeframe. Special emphasis was placed on the effectiveness analysis of lymph node dissection and methods of esophagogastric anastomosis forming, in a comparative aspect. The paper also analyzes the materials of the authors’ own long-term studies related to this issue. From 1990 to 2018, 250 pa­tients with esophageal cancer and gastroesophageal cancer were treated at SO «IMR of the NAMS of Ukraine» and the regional clinical oncology dispensary. Results and discussion. Literature suggests that the failure of the esopha­geal-gastric anastomosis is secondary among complications. Cardiovascu­lar and pulmonary complications come first. When performing 3-zone lymph dissection increases five-year survival by 10 %. The inability of the esophagogastric anastomosis in leading clinics is from 3 to 9 %. Performing a plastic esophagogastric anastomosis in­creases its physiological properties. Conclusions. Thus, surgical treatment remains the main strategic direc­tion in the treatment of MS and GER. The primary goal of treatment is the survival of patients. Data from literature sources indicate the need for mandatory mediastinal and abdominal lymph dissection. The most successful results of treatment of esophageal cancer and gastroesophageal cancer were obtained in lead­ing specialized oncology clinics where the lowest postoperative mortality is observed. Treatment of cancer in this location requires the use of adju­vant treatments (chemotherapy and radiation therapy).
Frequencies and results of anti-nuclear, anti-dsDNA and anti-ENA in a tertiary-care hospital in Karachi, Pakistan
Authors: Fatima Husain Kanani  , Tahir Hussain  , Tayyaba Talat  , Nida Ghouri  , Admin
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Objectives: To analyse frequencies and results of anti-nuclear antibodies, anti-double stranded deoxyribonucleic acid and anti-extractable nuclear antigens tests ordered in a tertiary-care hospital.
Method: The retrospective study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Karachi, and comprised all tests ordered for anti-nuclear antibodies, anti-double stranded deoxyribonucleic acid and anti-extractable nuclear antigens from March 2017 to January 2018. Data was retrieved from the institutional electronic database. The frequencies and results of the tests were determined. Anti-nuclear antibodies test was determined by indirect immunofluorescence, while the other two tests were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Patterns emerging from anti-nuclear antibodies tests were also analysed.
Results: Of the 1053 tests ordered, 1000(95%) were for anti-nuclear antibodies.. It was positive in 260(26%) patients, and was repeated in 8(3%) of the positive and 9(1.2%) of the negative patients. Anti-double stranded deoxyribonucleic acid test was ordered in 300(40.5%) and anti-extractable nuclear antigens test in 125(17%) patients who had tested negative for anti-nuclear antibodies. Among those who tested positive for anti-nuclear antibodies, the commonly observed patterns were homogenous 109(41.9%) and speckled 103(39.6%). Rod and ring pattern was seen in 10(3.8%) patients, and none of them was on anti-viral treatment.
Conclusion: There was injudicious and unjustified ordering of auto-antibodies testing, indicating the need for greater physician education and cost-effective protocols.
Key Words: Auto-antibodies, Homogenous, Speckled, Rod and ring pattern, Hepatitis C,  Continuous...
Association of miR-146a gene polymorphism and expression levels of its target protein RhoA in Pakistani Breast Cancer Patients
Authors: Amena Rahim  , Muhammad Afzal  , Abdul Khaliq Naveed  , Muhammad Naeem  , Admin
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Objective: To assess the association of miR-146a and its target protein RhoA expression levels in breast cancer.

Methods: The case-control study was conducted at Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan, from March 2017 to November 2018, and comprised confirmed breast cancer cases and controls who were matched for age and ethnicity. Genotyping and expression profiling of archived samples was performed. Data was analysed using SPSS 22..

Results: Of the 590 subjects, 295(50%) each were cases and controls. Among the cases, there were 195(66%) Punjabis, 59(20%) Pathans and 41(14%) Kashmiris. The corresponding numbers among the controls were 198(67%), 58(19.7%) and 39(13.2%). The association between genotypes of the cases and controls was significant (p<0.05). Strong association was seen in dominant, recessive and allelic models (p=0.05). In Punjabi group the association was (p<0.00) significant, but this association was not significant in Kashmiri and Pathan groups (p>0.05). No association was found with the receptor status and miR-146a polymorphism.

Conclusion: The miR-146a gene polymorphism rs2910164 G/C was found to have increased susceptibility to breast cancer at genotype and allelic levels.

Key Words: Single nucleotide polymorphism, Breast cancer, miR-146a, RhoA.
Sinopsis de siete días, del 08/09 al 14/09/2020
Authors: Rangel-Aldao Rafael
Published: November 2020

Una semana agitada, repleta de noticias y avances sobre el control de Covid-19 y de nuevo, el tema principal fue la vacuna, tal como lo advertimos en semanas anteriores. El asunto dominante fue la duración de la fase 3, así como cuan seguras y eficaces podrán ser estas vacunas en desarrollo a pesar de las limitaciones de tiempo, demográficas y étnicas. AstraZeneca y Pfizer, por ejemplo, punteras de la fase 3, «compiten» para llegar antes, a tan esperada meta; la primera, interrumpió brevemente sus ensayos para reanudarlos luego a finales de la semana pasada: y Pfizer redobló el número de voluntarios de 30.000 a 40.000. Otro aspecto importante fue el ético, como veremos abajo, con sendos artículos en Lancet y Science, sobre como asegurar con justicia y equidad la selección, distribución y acceso de vacunas a los países o regiones más vulnerables. La política no se escapó de toda esta discusión, en especial por la presión de la próxima elección presidencial en los Estados Unidos, y la indebida influencia política en los organismos reguladores y asesores científicos.
The Effectiveness of Salt Business Empowering Program (Pugar) on Salt Farmers’ Income Improvement in Kedungmutih Village of Demak Regency and Kedungmalang Village Of Jepara Regency
Authors: Aditomo Aryo Bayu , Sulardiono Bambang , Muskananfola Max Rudolf
Published: November 2020

Indonesian national low productivity of salt which is unequal between the need level and salt consumption eventually results in salt import made mainly to meet the industrial needs. The government through the Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries has released a Public Salt Business Empowering Program (known as PUGAR/Pemberdayaan Usaha Garam Rakyat). PUGAR is an empowering program focusing on the improvement of job opportunities and welfare for salt farmers/managers to achieve the self-sufficiency of salt for consumptions and industries. This research aims at examining the influence of salt business empowering program on the salt farmers’ income improvement in Kedungmalang village of Jepara Regency; the implementation level of salt business empowering program in Kedungmutih Village of Demak Regency when compared to that in Kedungmalang Village of Jepara Regency; and the influence of salt business empowering program on the salt farmers’ income improvement in Kedungmutih village of Demak regency. The research was conducted using a descriptive method with a case study approach. The program implementation was quantitatively analyzed. Furthermore, the effectiveness of PUGAR on income was analyzed using T-test. The test result showed that there were income differences in Kedungmutih and Kedungmalang Village before and after the implementation of PUGAR. This finding showed that PUGAR was proven as an effective program to improve the salt farmers’ welfare through income improvement.
Express diagnostics of accelerated human aging using the questionnaire
Authors: Pisaruk Anatoly , Shatilo Valeri , Antonuk-Shchehlova Ivanna , Naskalova Svitlana
Published: November 2020

Abstract. An express method of diagnosing accelerated aging of a person has been developed with the help of a questionnaire, which includes 15 indications of somatic aging, 12 indications of psychological aging and 10 objective indicators. The Bayesian method is used for the calculation of biological age. The accuracy of the definition for the biological age was 8.3 years. The method developed is notable for its simplicity, ease and accessibility for use in the outpatient and inpatient conditions. This method can be used for pre-selection of the patients with the risk of accelerated aging for the further in-depth studies.

Keywords: biological age; accelerated aging; indicators of aging; Bayesian formula
A study of tensile strength of fractured rock mass by phase field method in DEAL.II with local refinement technique
Authors: Hong Lam Dang
Published: November 2020

Cracking propagation in elastic and porous media is still challenge topics in mechanical, energy, and environmental engineering. In this paper, the phase field method will be used to model the cracking propagation at the small scale for elastic media. This method is doing well in DEAL.II with the help of local refinement technique which allows studying the tensile strength of fractured rock mass behavior without prior knowledge of cracking propagation path and reduction of computational consumption. This implementation is applied to model a fractured rock mass in which a plenty of explicit fractures are distributed though total energy released by Griffith's criterion. Through these applications, we demonstrate and highlight the performance of the phase field method with local refinement technique in modeling crack propagation as well as investigate the tensile strength of fractured rock mass dependency its crack orientation
Detection and localization of helipad in autonomous UAV landing: a coupled visual-inertial approach with artificial intelligence
Authors: Hoang Dinh Thinh , Le Thi Hong Hieu
Published: November 2020

Autonomous landing of rotary wing type unmanned aerial vehicles is a challenging problem and key to autonomous aerial fleet operation. We propose a method for localizing the UAV around the helipad, that is to estimate the relative position of the helipad with respect to the UAV. This data is highly desirable to design controllers that have robust and consistent control characteristics and can find applications in search – rescue operations. AI-based neural network is set up for helipad detection, followed by optimization by the localization algorithm. The performance of this approach is compared against fiducial marker approach, demonstrating good consensus between two estimations
A Theoretical Framework of Knowledge Management in M-Government
Authors: Kesavarapu Srikanth , Mun-Kee Choi
Published: November 2020

M-government is one of the new and important developments in e-government. The promise of mgovernment to provide greater access to government information is progressing in many developed and developing countries. Current m-government does not exploit the full potential of available technology. M-government presents some challenges such as technical challenges, usability challenges, handset-limitations, social and legal issues, and so on. Also, knowledge management (KM) has changed from one generation to the next through constant improvements and perspectives. In this paper, we deal with the security issues in different forms of government using some technology-based KM and propose some ways to eradicate using latest technologies. In this context, this paper aims to present a conceptual analysis of process-based KM approach in m-government to which researchers must pay attention and describe a suitable knowledge model to achieve real-time, ubiquitous government.
Rough ACO: A Hybridized Model for Feature Selection in Gene Expression Data
Authors: Mishra Debahuti , Rath Dr. Amiya Kumar , Acharya Dr. Milu , Jena Tanushree
Published: November 2020

Dimensionality reduction of a feature set is a common preprocessing step used for pattern recognition, classification applications and in compression schemes. Rough Set Theory is one of the popular methods used, and can be shown to be optimal using different optimality criteria. This paper proposes a novel method for dimensionality reduction of a feature set by choosing a subset of the original features that contains most of the essential information, using the same criteria as the ACO hybridized with Rough Set Theory. We call this method Rough ACO. The proposed method is successfully applied for choosing the best feature combinations and then applying the Upper and Lower Approximations to find the reduced set of features from a gene expression data.
Intrusion detection using clustering
Authors: Bharti Kusum Kumari , Shukla Sanyam , Jain Sweta
Published: November 2020

In increasing trends of network environment every one gets connected to the system. So there is need of securing information, because there are lots of security threats are present in network environment. A number of techniques are available for intrusion detection. Data mining is the one of the efficient techniques available for intrusion detection. Data mining techniques may be supervised or unsuprevised.Various Author have applied various clustering algorithm for intrusion detection, but all of these are suffers form class dominance, force assignment and No Class problem. This paper proposes a hybrid model to overcome these problems. The performance of proposed model is evaluated over KDD Cup 1999 data set.
Chitosan-Coated Collagen-Hyaluronic Acid-Poly Ethylene Oxide-Based Electrospun Membrane for Corneal Ulcers Wound Dressing Candidate
Authors: PUTRA Alfian Pramudita , FAHMADIYAH Eva , HIKMAWATI Dyah , AMINATUN Aminatun
Published: November 2020

Corneal disease is the 2nd biggest reason of blindness after cataract. Based on WHO data, it was predicted that 10 million people in the world would suffer from cornea-related sight deficiency. One of the solutions is by using wound dressing to cover the cornea so that it could heal effectively. Several studies were conducted to observe the use of collagen, hyaluronic acid, and PEO for wound dressing. To increase the properties of the membrane, chitosan coating was introduced. In this study, we observe the effect of chitosan coating on the electrospun membrane based on collagen, hyaluronic acid, and PEO combined with glutaraldehyde as a crosslinker. The result in FTIR test showed that the crosslinking process ended up in new bond formed among the materials used in this study. The chitosan coating could increase the transparency of the membrane as shown by the result of UV/Vis Spectrophotometry test but the result was not significantly different (p-value > 0.05). The morphology test using SEM showed that the pore diameter of the membrane decreased with the presence of chitosan coating (p-value < 0.05). Likewise, with an increase of chitosan coating concentration, the pores diameter also decreased. The cytotoxicity test showed that the membrane with several chitosan coating concentrations were non-toxic with cell viability more than 50 % (p-value < 0.05). The chitosan coating also had antibacterial effect as shown by the inhibition zone (p-value < 0.05), especially to Pseudomonas aeruginosa as gram positive bacteria. In conclusion, the presence of chitosan coating could improve the characteristics of the electrospun membrane coated with chitosan for wound dressing in corneal ulcers case.