bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
(0,2) hybrid models
Authors: Bertolini Marco , Plesser M. Ronen
Published: September 2018

Abstract

We introduce a class of (0,2) superconformal field theories based on hybrid geometries, generalizing various known constructions. We develop techniques for the computation of the complete massless spectrum when the theory can be interpreted as determining a perturbative heterotic string compactification. We provide evidence for surprising properties regarding RG flows and IR accidental symmetries in (0,2) hybrid CFTs. We also study the conditions for embedding a hybrid theory in a particular class of gauged linear sigma models. This perspective suggests that our construction generates models which cannot be realized or analyzed by previously known methods.
Universal magnetoresponse in QCD and $$ \mathcal{N}=4 $$ SYM
Authors: Endrődi Gergely , Kaminski Matthias , Schäfer Andreas , Wu Jackson , Yaffe Laurence
Published: September 2018

Abstract

Using recent lattice data on the thermodynamics of QCD in the presence of a background magnetic field, we show that the ratio of transverse to longitudinal pressure exhibits, to good accuracy, a simple scaling behavior over a wide range of temperature and magnetic field, essentially depending only on the ratio

$$ T/\sqrt{B} $$

T
/

B

. We compare this QCD response to the corresponding magnetoresponse in maximally supersymmetric Yang Mills theory. Given suitable calibrations defining the comparison, we find excellent agreement. This may be viewed as a further test of the applicability of holographic models for hot QCD.
Sneutrino dark matter via pseudoscalar X-funnel meets inverse seesaw
Authors: Chang Jung , Cheung Kingman , Ishida Hiroyuki , Lu Chih-Ting , Spinrath Martin , Tsai Yue-Lin Sming
Published: September 2018

Abstract

In this paper we study sneutrino dark matter in a recently proposed supersymmetric electroweak-scale inverse seesaw model, in which the majority of the sneutrino dark matter particle is a mixture of the right-handed sneutrino Ñ

c
and the singlet field

$$ \tilde{S} $$

S
˜

. The scalar field X responsible for the generation of neutrino masses can simultaneously play a crucial role for sneutrino annihilation in the early Universe via the pseudoscalar mediator A

X
into neutrinos. We focus here on the dominant annihilation channels and provide all the formulas together with analytic estimates in order to identify the relevant parameters. Furthermore, we show that the direct detection scattering cross section is many orders of magnitude below the current limits, and estimate the indirect detection annihilation rate, which is only a few orders of magnitude below the current limits.
Infinitely many M2-instanton corrections to M-theory on G2-manifolds
Authors: Braun Andreas P. , Del Zotto Michele , Halverson James , Larfors Magdalena , Morrison David R. , Schäfer-Nameki Sakura
Published: September 2018

Abstract

We consider the non-perturbative superpotential for a class of four-dimensional

$$ \mathcal{N}=1 $$

N
=
1

vacua obtained from M-theory on seven-manifolds with holonomy G
2. The class of G
2-holonomy manifolds we consider are so-called twisted connected sum (TCS) constructions, which have the topology of a K3-fibration over S
3. We show that the non-perturbative superpotential of M-theory on a class of TCS geometries receives infinitely many inequivalent M2-instanton contributions from infinitely many three-spheres, which we conjecture are supersymmetric (and thus associative) cycles. The rationale for our construction is provided by the duality chain of [1], which relates M-theory on TCS G
2-manifolds to E
8 × E
8 heterotic backgrounds on the Schoen Calabi-Yau threefold, as well as to F-theory on a K3-fibered Calabi-Yau fourfold. The latter are known to have an infinite number of instanton corrections to the superpotential and it is these contributions that we trace through the duality chain back to the G
2-compactification.
Type II Seesaw and tau lepton at the HL-LHC, HE-LHC and FCC-hh
Authors: Li Tong
Published: September 2018

Abstract

The tau lepton plays important role in distinguishing neutrino mass patterns and determining the chirality nature in heavy scalar mediated neutrino mass models, in the light of the neutrino oscillation experiments and its polarization measurement. We investigate the lepton flavor signatures with tau lepton at LHC upgrades, i.e. HL-LHC, HE-LHC and FCC-hh, through leptonic processes from doubly charged Higgs in the Type II Seesaw. We find that for the channel with one tau lepton in final states, the accessible doubly charged Higgs mass at HL-LHC can reach 655 GeV and 695 GeV for the neutrino mass patterns of normal hierarchy (NH) and inverted hierarchy (IH) respectively, with the luminosity of 3000 fb−1. Higher masses, 975-1930 GeV for NH and 1035-2070 GeV for IH, can be achieved at HE-LHC and FCC-hh.
A diachronic perspective on peer disagreement in veritistic social epistemology
Authors: Olsson Erik J.
Published: September 2018

The main issue in the epistemology of peer disagreement is whether known disagreement among those who are in symmetrical epistemic positions undermines the rationality of their maintaining their respective views. Douven and Kelp have argued convincingly that this problem is best understood as being about how to respond to peer disagreement repeatedly over time, and that this diachronic issue can be best approached through computer simulation. However, Douven and Kelp’s favored simulation framework cannot naturally handle Christensen’s famous Mental Math example. As a remedy, I introduce an alternative (Bayesian) simulation framework, Laputa, inspired by Alvin Goldman’s seminal work on veritistic social epistemology. I show that Christensen’s conciliatory response, reasonably reconstructed and supplemented, gives rise to an increase in epistemic (veritistic) value only if the peers continue to recheck their mental math; else the peers might as well be steadfast. On a meta-level, the study illustrates the power of Goldman’s approach when combined with simulation techniques for handling the computational issues involved.
VSP polarization angles determination: Wysin-1 processing case study
Authors: Zaręba Mateusz , Danek Tomasz
Published: September 2018

In this paper, we present an analysis of borehole seismic data processing procedures required to obtain high-quality vertical stacks and polarization angles in the case of walkaway VSP (vertical seismic profile) data gathered in challenging conditions. As polarization angles are necessary for more advanced procedures like anisotropy parameters determination, their quality is critical for proper media description. Examined Wysin-1 VSP experiment data indicated that the best results can be obtained when rotation is performed for each shot on data after de-noising and vertical stacking of un-rotated data. Additionally, we proposed a procedure of signal matching that can substantially increase data quality.
Proglacial damlakes in eastern Transbaikalia: New insight into the Pleistocene paleogeography
Authors: Enikeev F.I.
Published: September 2018

Paleogeographic reconstructions for the Samarovo, Taz, Murukta, and Sartan glaciations reveal the formation conditions of proglacial lakes dammed by ice in intermontane depressions and valleys of large rivers in eastern Transbaikalia. Middle–Late Pleistocene climate change is reconstructed using spore–pollen spectra from Pleistocene sediments in northern Transbaikalia. The age and lifetime of proglacial lakes are constrained by radiocarbon, thermoluminescence, and varve chronology of their bottom sediments in the periglacial zone. The lake levels remain recorded in sediments produced by deposition and erosion along the former lake shores, as well as in morphology and lithology variations of terminal moraines. A large proglacial lake, with a maximum level of 1020 m, occupied vast areas in Transbaikalia and its surroundings during the Samarovo glaciation. After the glaciers degraded, the Amur River system expanded into the area of closed lake basins in the southeastern Baikal region, including North China and Mongolia. The obtained results have implications for the Middle–Late Pleistocene history of lake deposition.
Mathematical and physical modeling to justify a new geophysical method—electrical anisotropy logging
Authors: Karinskiy A.D. , Krasnosel’skikh A.A.
Published: September 2018

Results of theoretical and experimental studies obtained for an electromagnetic logging probe of new design are presented. As in the case of an induction logging probe, the magnetic dipole of the new probe produces a harmonically varying electromagnetic field, and the parameter to be measured is the electric voltage in the short receiving MN line. The theoretical studies have shown that under certain conditions, the results of measurement with this probe depend on the electrical anisotropy coefficient and do not depend on the longitudinal and transverse electrical resistivities of the anisotropic medium. A technique for determining the electrical anisotropy coefficient was tested on experimental data obtained by physical modeling.
A metric minimal PI cascade with minimal ideals
Authors: GLASNER ELI , GLASNER YAIR
Published: September 2018

We first improve an old result of McMahon and show that a metric minimal flow whose enveloping semigroup contains less than $2^{\mathfrak{c}}$ (where $\mathfrak{c}=2^{\aleph _{0}}$) minimal left ideals is proximal isometric (PI). Then we show the existence of various minimal PI-flows with many minimal left ideals, as follows. For the acting group $G=\text{SL}_{2}(\mathbb{R})^{\mathbb{N}}$, we construct a metric minimal PI $G$-flow with $\mathfrak{c}$ minimal left ideals. We then use this example and results established in Glasner and Weiss. [On the construction of minimal skew-products. Israel J. Math.34 (1979), 321–336] to construct a metric minimal PI cascade $(X,T)$ with $\mathfrak{c}$ minimal left ideals. We go on to construct an example of a minimal PI-flow $(Y,{\mathcal{G}})$ on a compact manifold $Y$ and a suitable path-wise connected group ${\mathcal{G}}$ of a homeomorphism of $Y$, such that the flow $(Y,{\mathcal{G}})$ is PI and has $2^{\mathfrak{c}}$ minimal left ideals. Finally, we use this latter example and a theorem of Dirbák to construct a cascade $(X,T)$ that is PI (of order three) and has $2^{\mathfrak{c}}$ minimal left ideals. Thus this final result shows that, even for cascades, the converse of the implication ‘less than $2^{\mathfrak{c}}$ minimal left ideals implies PI’, fails.
From electrodiffusion theory to the electrohydrodynamics of leaky dielectrics through the weak electrolyte limit
Authors: Mori Yoichiro , Young Y.-N.
Published: September 2018

The Taylor–Melcher (TM) model is the standard model for describing the dynamics of poorly conducting leaky dielectric fluids under an electric field. The TM model treats the fluids as ohmic conductors, without modelling the underlying ion dynamics. On the other hand, electrodiffusion models, which have been successful in describing electrokinetic phenomena, incorporate ionic concentration dynamics. Mathematical reconciliation of the electrodiffusion picture and the TM model has been a major issue for electrohydrodynamic theory. Here, we derive the TM model from an electrodiffusion model in which we explicitly model the electrochemistry of ion dissociation. We introduce salt dissociation reaction terms in the bulk electrodiffusion equations and take the limit in which the salt dissociation is weak; the assumption of weak dissociation corresponds to the fact that the TM model describes poor conductors. Together with the assumption that the Debye length is small, we derive the TM model with or without the surface charge convection term depending upon the scaling of relevant dimensionless parameters. An important quantity that emerges is the Galvani potential (GP), the jump in voltage across the liquid–liquid interface between the two leaky dielectric media; the GP arises as a natural consequence of the interfacial boundary conditions for the ionic concentrations, and is absent under certain parametric conditions. When the GP is absent, we recover the TM model. Our analysis also reveals the structure of the Debye layer at the liquid–liquid interface, which suggests how interfacial singularities may arise under strong imposed electric fields. In the presence of a non-zero GP, our model predicts that the liquid droplet will drift under an imposed electric field, the velocity of which is computed explicitly to leading order.
Two-dimensional pulse dynamics and the formation of bound states on electrified falling films
Authors: Blyth M. G. , Tseluiko D. , Lin T.-S. , Kalliadasis S.
Published: September 2018

The flow of an electrified liquid film down an inclined plane wall is investigated with the focus on coherent structures in the form of travelling waves on the film surface, in particular, single-hump solitary pulses and their interactions. The flow structures are analysed first using a long-wave model, which is valid in the presence of weak inertia, and second using the Stokes equations. For obtuse angles, gravity is destabilising and solitary pulses exist even in the absence of an electric field. For acute angles, spatially non-uniform solutions exist only beyond a critical value of the electric field strength; moreover, solitary-pulse solutions are present only at sufficiently high supercritical electric-field strengths. The electric field increases the amplitude of the pulses, can generate recirculation zones in the humps and alters the far-field decay of the pulse tails from exponential to algebraic with a significant impact on pulse interactions. A weak-interaction theory predicts an infinite sequence of bound-state solutions for non-electrified flow, and a finite set for electrified flow. The existence of single-hump pulse solutions and two-pulse bound states is confirmed for the Stokes equations via boundary-element computations. In addition, the electric field is shown to trigger a switch from absolute to convective instability, thereby regularising the dynamics, and this is confirmed by time-dependent simulations of the long-wave model.
Marangoni-enhanced capillary wetting in surfactant-driven superspreading
Authors: Wei Hsien-Hung
Published: September 2018

Superspreading is a phenomenon such that a drop of a certain class of surfactant on a substrate can spread with a radius that grows linearly with time much faster than the usual capillary wetting. Its origin, in spite of many efforts, is still not fully understood. Previous modelling and simulation studies (Karapetsas et al. J. Fluid Mech., vol. 670, 2011, pp. 5–37; Theodorakis et al. Langmuir, vol. 31, 2015, pp. 2304–2309) suggest that the transfer of the interfacial surfactant molecules onto the substrate in the vicinity of the contact line plays a crucial role in superspreading. Here, we construct a detailed theory to elaborate on this idea, showing that a rational account for superspreading can be made using a purely hydrodynamic approach without involving a specific surfactant structure or sorption kinetics. Using this theory it can be shown analytically, for both insoluble and soluble surfactants, that the curious linear spreading law can be derived from a new dynamic contact line structure due to a tiny surfactant leakage from the air–liquid interface to the substrate. Such a leak not only establishes a concentrated Marangoni shearing toward the contact line at a rate much faster than the usual viscous stress singularity, but also results in a microscopic surfactant-devoid zone in the vicinity of the contact line. The strong Marangoni shearing then turns into a local capillary force in the zone, making the contact line in effect advance in a surfactant-free manner. This local Marangoni-driven capillary wetting in turn renders a constant wetting speed governed by the de Gennes–Cox–Voinov law and hence the linear spreading law. We also determine the range of surfactant concentration within which superspreading can be sustained by local surfactant leakage without being mitigated by the contact line sweeping, explaining why only limited classes of surfactants can serve as superspreaders. We further show that spreading of surfactant spreaders can exhibit either the
$1/6$
or
$1/2$
power law, depending on the ability of interfacial surfactant to transfer/leak to the bulk/substrate. All these findings can account for a variety of results seen in experiments (Rafai et al. Langmuir, vol. 18, 2002, pp. 10486–10488; Nikolov & Wasan, Adv. Colloid Interface Sci., vol. 222, 2015, pp. 517–529) and simulations (Karapetsas et al. 2011). Analogy to thermocapillary spreading is also made, reverberating the ubiquitous role of the Marangoni effect in enhancing dynamic wetting driven by non-uniform surface tension.
Nutrition and cancer: prevention and survival
Authors: Wiseman Martin J.
Published: September 2018

Cancer is increasing worldwide. Patterns of cancer are also changing. The evidence is summarised in the 2018 World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research report Diet, Nutrition, Physical Activity and Cancer: a Global Perspective. The plasticity of cancer patterns implicates environmental factors as determinants of cancer, and nutrition influences key cellular and molecular processes that characterise cancer. Epidemiology identifies associations between aspects of diet, nutrition, and physical activity with one or more cancers; there is evidence for plausible mechanisms that imply that these are causal. Some nutritional exposures (alcohol and processed meat) are likely causal factors, but no singular factor protects against cancer (except dietary fibre for colorectal cancer). Cancer protection mainly derives from a systemic metabolic environment that promotes healthy cell replication and tissue integrity. Such a nutritional state reflects avoiding excess adiposity through healthy dietary patterns rich in plant foods (legumes, wholegrains, pulses, vegetables and fruits), with modest meat, fish and dairy, low in alcohol and salt preserved foods, and an active way of life, avoiding sedentary behaviours. Less is known about the impact of nutritional interventions in people with a diagnosis of cancer, but nutrition including adiposity and physical activity predict breast cancer outcome. Promoting healthy ways of life requires public information and education, but alone these do not generate change; a socio-political and cultural environment that is conducive to adopting healthy behaviours is needed. Uncertainties in the evidence offer promising directions for future research, but sufficient is known to act as a basis for public policy and clinical practice.
A Class of Fourth Order Damped Wave Equations with Arbitrary Positive Initial Energy
Authors: Liu Yang , Mu Jia , Jiao Yujuan
Published: September 2018

In this paper, we study the initial boundary value problem for a class of fourth order damped wave equations with arbitrary positive initial energy. In the framework of the energy method, we further exploit the properties of the Nehari functional. Finally, the global existence and finite time blow-up of solutions are obtained.
Historicizing Precarious Work: Forty Years of Research in the Social Sciences and Humanities
Authors: Betti Eloisa
Published: September 2018

This survey article seeks to contribute to the understanding of the concepts of precarious work and precarization in the history of industrial capitalism by addressing the debate in the social sciences and humanities over the past forty years. Based on a gendered global approach, this article aims to offer a critique of the Global North-centric perspective, which largely conceives precarious work as a new phenomenon lacking a longer historical tradition. The first part discusses the multiple origins, definitions, and conceptualizations of “precarious work” elaborated with regard to industrial as well as post-industrial capitalism, taking into account selected contemporary sources as well as studies conducted by historians and social scientists. In the second part, the influence of different approaches, such as the feminist and post-colonial ones, in globalizing and gendering the precarious work debate is examined in their historical contexts, exploring also the crucial nexus of precarious work and informal work. In the conclusion, the limitations of the available literature are discussed, along with suggestions for further directions in historicizing precarious work from a global perspective.

TRANSLATED ABSTRACTS FRENCH – GERMAN – SPANISH

Eloisa Betti.En historicisant le travail précaire: quarante ans de recherche dans les sciences sociales et humaines.

Cette enquête tente de contribuer à la compréhension des concepts de travail précaire et de précarisation dans l’histoire du capitalisme industriel, en examinant le débat dans les sciences sociales et humaines durant les quarante dernières années. Sur la base d’une approche globale de genre, l’article entend proposer une critique de la perspective globale nordique, qui conçoit en grande partie le travail précaire comme un nouveau phénomène dépourvu d’une assez longue tradition historique. La première partie examine les multiples origines, définitions et conceptualisations du “travail précaire” élaborées à propos du capitalisme industriel et post-industriel, en tenant compte de sources contemporaines sélectionnées et d’études conduites par des historiens et spécialistes des sciences sociales. Dans la seconde partie, l’influence de diverses approches, telles que les approches féministes et post-coloniales, mondialisant et générisant le débat sur le travail précaire, sont examinées dans leur contexte historique, tout en étudiant également le lien crucial du travail précaire et du travail informel. En conclusion, les limitations de la littérature disponible sont examinées et assorties de suggestions d’orientations ultérieures pour historiciser le travail précaire dans une perspective globale.

Traduction:Christine Plard
Investor Inattention and Stock Prices: Evidence from Acquisitions with a Choice of Payment Type
Authors: Lie Erik
Published: September 2018

I report evidence that shareholders holding a combined 15% of shares are inattentive or partially inattentive when confronted with the decision to receive cash or stock for their shares in acquisitions. The average cost of such inattention is 2%, and it increases to 6% for the tertile of transactions with the greatest difference between the cash and stock values. Most interestingly, I show that inattention affects stock prices because attentive shareholders bid up the stock price in anticipation of a wealth transfer from inattentive shareholders.
Pricing Intertemporal Risk When Investment Opportunities Are Unobservable
Authors: Cederburg Scott
Published: September 2018

The intertemporal capital asset pricing model (ICAPM) predicts that an unobservable factor capturing changes in expected market returns should be priced in the cross section. My Bayesian framework accounts for uncertainty in the intertemporal risk factor and gauges the effects of prior information about investment opportunities on model inferences. Whereas an uninformative prior specification produces weak evidence that intertemporal risk is priced, incorporating prior information about market-return predictability generates a large space of ex ante reasonable priors in which the estimated intertemporal risk factor is positively priced. Overall, the cross-sectional tests reject the capital asset pricing model (CAPM) and indicate support for the ICAPM.
Foreign Policy: Rhetoric and Reality
Authors: Marshall Charles Burton
Published: September 2018

More than other fields of public affairs, the discussion of foreign policy presents special temptations to irrelevancy, rhetoricalness, and sheer hocus pocus. Several possible explanations for this come to mind. For one thing, it is a vast and varied subject, remote from the scope of observation and sensory evidence. The relevant processes are too complex for their essences to be tangible. We reduce the complexities to label-words, then pass these around as if they contained the essences of the matters referred to.

The Cold War, thermonuclear deterrence, national self-determination, peaceful settlement, international Communism—a myriad such expressions enjoying common currency are the simple labels put on enormously complex relationships and processes in continuous flux.
The Power Realities
Authors: Molnar Thomas
Published: September 2018

Our foreign policy will not undergo major changes from the Eisenhower to the Kennedy Administration. I contend that it is handicapped by what might be called the “American dilemma.” This dilemma is deeply stamped on the American mind and does not substantially vary whether an Eisenhower or a Kennedy is in command. It is this dilemma which, manifesting itself on several levels, makes our policy hesitant, at once brutal and sentimental, pragmatic and Utopian.

This country cannot make up its mind whether it is still the young Republic of 1776, idealistic, revolutionary, and hardly a middling in size and power among the world's nations, or the strongest imperial power of 1961, with vast involvements and precise interests everywhere in the world, and thus conservative, a guardian of a free way of life. The two images are incompatible, especially as seen by others; but inside America, we still cherish the ideal that we have established the best of possible worlds in terms of goodness and power, the home of a permanent revolution that others do not have to fear but rather trust and imitate.
Morality and Foreign Policy
Authors: Murray John Courtney
Published: September 2018

During the decade of the Tentative ‘Fifties the course of events has thrust a number of basic issues into the forum of public argument. One of them goes under the rabric, “morality and public policy.“ Chiefly in question is foreign policy.

My introduction to the state of the problem took place at the outset of the decade in a conversation with a distinguished journalist who is now dead. In public affairs he was immensely knowledgeable; he was also greatly puzzled over die new issue that was being raised. His first question revealed the source of his puzzlement. What, he asked, has the Sermon on the Mount got to do with foreign policy? I was not a little taken aback by this statement on the issue.
After the Third Assembly
Authors: Moore Arthur
Published: September 2018

To begin to assess the Third Assembly of the-World Council of Churches, which met in New Delhi, India, November 18-December 5, it is necessary to keep firmly fixed in mind the' intended function of such an Assembly and, even more importantly, what is not its function.

This cautionary advice, normally the most threadbare of clichés, gains its validity from the present atmosphere surrounding the subject of Christianity. Spurred on by a number of factors, including the attitude of Pope John XXIII; unity has become a glamorous and bewitching, albeit extremely vague, concept to the general public and to the popular press. Unknown and dramatic events are constantly being anticipated.
Progress Towards Arms Control
Authors: Posvar Wesley W.
Published: September 2018

The only effective way we seem to have found to avoid nuclear war is to promote fear of its consequences in the Soviet bloc. Yet it may be that we will have to make substantial progress toward arms control in the next two decades if the possibility of avoiding general nuclear war is to become an acceptable probability. If progress is to be made, it will result not only from international political accommodation, but also from the intensive, collective effort of those scholars and officials who are involved in study, discussion and research regarding national security policy in general, and arms control in particular. In fact, the theory and concepts which they develop may in themselves be a means to the political accommodation which is needed, provided, of course, that corresponding efforts are also made in the Soviet bloc. Conversely, if these scholars and officials fail to apply adequate effort in this area, there may never be a solution to the problem of the threat of nuclear war.
Intervention in Southeast Asia
Authors: Levi Werner
Published: September 2018

Southeast Asia as a region of political importance is a new concept. It arose after World War II to designate the countries lying between India China and Japan. This “quiet backyard” of the world began to attract attention as a result of the freedom movements and the possible complications they might cause.

The reasons presumably why the several states in the area were lumped together without differentiation in the minds of the Westerners as one geographic concept are: first, very little was known about them, and from a distance they all looked alike; second with the exception of Thailand, the territory was colonial and the feeling was abroad that the metropolitan powers would handle the problems resulting from nationalism and independence movements; and third, nobody seemed to have any particular interests in the area, not even the colonial powers which appeared willing gradually to abandon ownership.
Wars of National Liberation III
Authors: Deats Paul
Published: September 2018

In this discussion of Wars of National Liberation I will be concerned more with ethical method than with setting forth policy implications and conclusions, I shall develop this method around six points of reference: (1) the phase of ethical reflection, (2) levels of analysis arid responsibility, (3) examination of assumptions, (4) analysis of wars o£ national liberation, (5) exploration of criteria of justice, and (6) suggestions for policy.

The Phases of Ethical Reflection, Etlucal reflection would seem to require three overlapping phases that are, hopefully, cumulative. There is first the examination of stance or perspective, the bringing of assumptions into the open, the questioning of stated goals in terms of their real intent. At the least, this means self-awareness and openness; at the most it becomes the road to repentance. The second phase is that of assessing the situation, exploring options and possible consequences. It is worth noting that our assumptions significantly influence our definition of the nature of the problem and color our judgment of risks. The constructive phase seeks to relate the criticized norms to the assessment of the situation, to draw out the implications as guides to policy decisions, to keep ends and means in some kind of harmony.
Politics As Science, Not Prophecy
Authors: Ramsey Paul
Published: September 2018

It is always unnerving when someone announces that mankind is just now going through “a true watershed period”—that one generation has an essentially different vocation from that of any other. When this verdict is delivered by a leading contemporary intelligence and policy adyisor such as W. W. Rostow, one's only protection from psychological disaster is to recall Eve's remark to Adam that their's was a time of “great transition.”

This is not to deny that we can and must try to “make some shape out of the major experiences through which we have all passed since 1945” — or since some other date. If reason is to rule in any measure, we can and must impose some shape upon the political experiences and problems into which we seem likely to be moving for the next decades.
Human Rights: The Church Speaking to Politics, II
Authors: Quade Quentin L.
Published: September 2018

To look at some of the most prominent conditions of contemporary politics, is in fact to identify the circumstances within which the Churches must work in trying to promote human rights. Human rights may be identified abstractly, but they do not exist abstractly. Tbey exist, where they exist at all, within political confines; and these same confines suggest what the proper role of the Churches may be. If this seems a harshly limited basis for defining the Churches' role, it is not because this writer seeks to limit, but rather because the limitations are genuinely there, and the Churches are unlikely to do effectively even their limited task unless they concentrate their energies on these channels.
The Idea of a Political Theology, I.
Authors: Bryan Hehir J.
Published: September 2018

There is a dimension of Catholic thought rooted in the Vatican Council that extends beyond it in a way that could have significant implications for the Church's role in the political order. The basis for a political theology lies in the Pastoral Constitution on the Church in the Modem World; the purpose of this document was to reformulate the perspective in which the Church understood and evaluated contemporary culture and defined her rote in it. Many observers have singled out this document as the one with the greatest potential for shaping the long-range development of the Catholic Church.
The Moral Element in Nato
Authors: Deats Paul
Published: September 2018

What follows is an attempt to explore the nature of moral discourse as at applies to nation-states and to relate this discussion to some of the policies and purposes of, the North Atlantic Treaty Alliance. It should be noted that I have not introduced the "moral element" into the NATO debate; moral claims have been made for and by the organization itself during the course of its development.

A first assumption about moral discourse, as the term is used here, is that the assessment of the moral element in a policy or an institution is a critical task, not an apologetic one. A second assumption follows from the practice of "public diplomacy": It is morally dubious to engage in the deception of oneself or of one's constituents where goals are concerned.
The Global Democrat: Morality for the Postnational Age
Authors: Knight Thomas J.
Published: September 2018

Democracy, like God, is often said to be dying because its followers are too heartless to believe in it, and perhaps that is partly true. More likely, however, the adherents of democracy have failed to realize, as have the adherents of other ideologies, that static ideologies are as short-sighted as idolatrous concepts of Deity localized in time and space. The democratic principles of the European Enlightenment have, to date, remained local rather than global and have thereby, in an increasingly global age, become idolatrous travesties of their originals. To remain moral, then, one must rethink the application of dynamic democratic principles to the changed consciousness of global concerns.
Air War Vietnam–1972
Authors: Harvey Frank
Published: September 2018

In 1966 I spent fifty-five days in Vietnam observing the air war firsthand and wrote a book, Air War—Vietnam. It went to six editions. It was reprinted almost in its entirety in the official Pentagon publication to show how well our troops were doing and how just our case was; it was quoted extensively in liberal publications and by campus protestors to show how badly our troops were doing and how unjust our cause was. American fighter pilots in one F-100 squadron elected me to their inner circle of gungho operators which they called “Sierra Hotel” (decorum forbids a translation of the code words). I. F. Stone reprinted my napalm sequence; Dr. Spock's lawyers phoned to ask me to appear at his trial in his behalf; my local American Legion Post invited me to speak at their annual Memorial Day ceremony.
The Statecraft of Dean Acheson
Authors: McLellan David S. , Stupak Ronald J.
Published: September 2018

When Dean Acheson was appointed Under Secretary of State in September, 1945, I. F. Stone wrote in The Nation: “He has been pro-De Gaulle, anti-Franco, strongly opposed to the admission of Argentina to the U.N., and friendly to the Soviet Union … of all the men now in the Departrrient, Acheson was by far the best choice for Under Secretary, and it is no small advantage to pick a man who already knows a good deal about the inner workings.” Stone went on to note that one of Acheson's strongest assets was “in his relations with Congress. He deserves a generous share of the credit for the passage of the Bretton Woods legislation, and he played no inconsiderable part in the Senate's approval of the Charter.” In order to placate Acheson's reactionary critics, Tom Connally reassured trie Senate that he would “never have voted for Mr. Acheson's confirmation [as Under Secretary] unless it had been implicitly understood that he would not have a predominant voice in foreign policy.”
Religion and Development - a Minority View
Authors: Schall James V.
Published: September 2018

Of late, many quite popular opinions have struck me as exceedingly odd. For example, I just came across a pamphlet by Thomas Fenton entitled "Coffee—the Rules of the Game and You" (The Christophers, 1972). The gist of this plea, made in the name of religious concern, is a rehash of trade figures designed to prove that Latin America, as well as the rest of the world, is being "exploited" by prevailing levels of consumption in the developed world, as well as by "unfair" modes of international production and exchange. In effect, the supposition is that our simple pleasures—such as a morning cup of coffee—are tools for gouging some poor peasant in El Salvador or Brazil. Somehow, the argument seems to go, if I were only willing to pay just a few cents more for my coffee and my country were willing to "let" the South Americans build their own merchant fleet, the peasant would stop starving and his country would develop rapidly.
Negotiating the Future of Taiwan
Authors: Clubb O. Edmund
Published: September 2018

Now that Chiang Kai-shek and the American strategy of “containment” of Asian communism have grown old together, and the dream of the Nationalist reconquest of the Mainland has faded into nothingness with President Nixon's February meeting with Chinese Communist chieftain Mao Tse-tung and Premier Chou En-lai, there stirs a question that has lain largely dormant over the past two decades: What of the future, of Taiwan (Formosa)? More specifically, should not the United States, sworn protector of Taiwan, (make provision for the Taiwanese to have a voice in determining their own future destiny?

The U.S. professes to believe that people may properly be governed only with their consent. It supports the doctrine of self-determination of nations.
India Realigns
Authors: Kapur Ashok
Published: September 2018

In the past two decades most discussions about Indian foreign policy dealt with the nature and limitations of nonalignment. The discussions usually had an air of remoteness. In American perceptions, India as a policy area was peripheral to America's immediate political and strategic interests. Even when humanitarian motives were invoked as factors for political consideration there was a feeling that India was too bulky, too riddled with immense problems. Thus, Americans were never sure whether intimate political ties with India were probable or even desirable from America's point of view. If this was the general picture accepted by liberals in America, conservatives asserted that India was “wishy-washy” toward the Communist bloc. India's refusal to join the American alliance system confirmed this suspicion.
Latin America After the Yanquis Go Home
Authors: Ojeda Gómez Mario
Published: September 2018

There is much lively speculation about the direction that United States foreign policy is taking under President Nixon's Administration. Many observers believe that Nixon's foreign policy is being directed toward disengagement. The arguments to support this thesis tend, however, to differ. Some say that the Vietnam war has led to internal frustration and has tended to demonstrate that the U.S. cannot indefinitely play the role of policeman to the world. Consequently, unless Washington drops its policy of intervention—so goes the argument— the national morale will be so eroded that the country will face serious internal political problems.
Is American Culture Decadent?
Authors: Eisendrath Craig R.
Published: September 2018

The idea of decadence is intriguing. It conjures up visions of languor, mental if not physical harems, sensuous tedium, affluence past the point of satiety.

It is also an artful term with which to articulate our distaste for the present. It imbues our outrage with a certan Puritan vigor and, at the same time, a millennial grandeur, as we liken our condition to Rome or Byzantium on the eve of annihilation. We can entertain the idea of decadence—so-called decadent art and literature are enjoying a vogue, late-Victorian pornography, Beardsiey, art nouveau— while at the same time we disparage it.

But just what exactly is decadence, how do we deline it? Is it a useful phrase? Does it rightfully characterize the period through which we are living? Is America in the seventies decadent?
The Sovereignty of Politics
Authors: Myrdal Gunnar
Published: September 2018

Just so there is no misunderstanding: I do not believe economic policies can make much of a contribution to peacekeeping. During the nineteenth century and up to the present there has been a tendency to stress too much the economic factors in international relations. Liberal economic theory, from the classical writers on, is in this respect strikingly similar to what we now identify as the “Marxist” tradition. It is glibly assumed in both camps that trade is an important contributor to peaceful relations on the political level. That trade and economic relations generally worked for peace was an important corollary to the free-trade doctrine, and as a general proposition it now receives almost universal acclaim.
The Conscience of a Soldier
Authors: Bunting Josiah
Published: September 2018

In his Enemies of Promise Cyril Connolly said of Proust: "His hatred and contempt for the life of action suited the war-weary and disillusioned generation he wrote for, his own snobbery offered him both a philosophy and a remunerative career, he believed also in art for art's sake." Had I Proust's genius, this judgment would fit what I have become in the past two or three years very well, and certainly, like Proust's, mine is a war-weary and disillusioned generation.

Until rather recently I was Major Josiah Bunting, United States Army. I ran very hard on the bureaucratic and careerist treadmill that the officer corps of the Army has very largely become. After five or six years I found that I had come to dešpise it and what it was doing to me and what it had helped to do to this country, and jumped off.
Israeli Politics and Jewish Culture
Authors: Ezrahi Yaron
Published: September 2018

The creation of the State of Israel in 1948 met much resistance. In the intervening twenty-five years the Israeli experience has been subjected to much criticism. Some of this resistance and much of the criticism have come from Jews who feared that the political organization of the state and the concomitant functions of controlling and managing power are antithetical to Jewish cultural and ethical orientations. If, to many Jews, a Jewish soldier or a Jewish policeman were symbols of liberation from the threat of massacres and pogroms and the humiliation of defenselessness against anti-Semitic assaults, to others these figures have represented a setback for the moral purity of the Jew, who exemplifies a higher ethical existence, a retreat from the vision of a transpolitical society. That vision did not include such demands of collective physical and material existence as the delineation of territorial boundaries, the organization and the employment of military power and the assumption of collective responsibility for economic viability.
Japanese Politics: The Sobering Realities
Authors: Taira Koji
Published: September 2018

Japan, it is said, is advancing rapidly on the road to great power status. On that assumption, people ask how Japan's domestic and foreign policies will be shaped by its new status. In attempting to respond to that question I will begin by challenging the assumption.

The so-called "big power status" really means nothing to the ordinary Japanese, and no domestic issues have ever arisen because some Japanese demanded domestic or foreign policies appropriate to that status. So far, the notion of Japan's being a "big power" has been entirely foreign in origin, and the Japanese, gasping in the world's most polluted air and feeling sick with the world's worst food and water, can scarcely think of Japan as a big power. Under the circumstances it will be very difficult for the Japanese government to conduct its foreign policy in ways historically associated with the behavior of big powers.
The Lion in Winter
Authors: Russett Bruce M.
Published: September 2018

These are times that try men's Anglophilia. Britain is in the midst of a largely self-made energy crisis, owing very little to the Arab oil cutbacks. The threat of massive unemployment, the lost production, the cold and darkness as winter goes on is largely a part of Britain's continuing saga of bloody-minded industrial relations. But while many of the elements here are, at the moment, peculiarly British, there is reason to fear a repetition of events like these elsewhere and, eventually, globally.

The immediate problem is a threat to the nation's coal and electricity supplies due to “industrial action” by the coal miners and railroad engineers. One says industrial action because the “actions” are not strikes but yet have effects almost as severe. Perhaps because they were so long excluded from effective political power, British working men developed over the decades the art of industrial action to a refinement unsurpassed anywhere.
The Troubled Jews of Argentina
Authors: Bono Agostino
Published: September 2018

Christ was Killed by Jews

The Jews are “indigestible” to national society. Jews do not integrate well.

The Customs, Religion, and Traditions of Jews are Incompatible with the Christian and Occidental ways of the Majority.

As Zionists, the allegiance of Jews to Israel makes it impossible for them to be truly patriotic in another country.

These ideas, if prominently expressed in the United States, would draw loud protests. In Argentina, which has the second largest Jewish population in the Western Hemisphere, they stir little critical comment. This is not a speculative judgment but a fact, for these sentiments, illustrated with photos of dollar bills and Argentine coins, appeared in a lengthy editorial article by the progovernment Carta Politico (Political Letter), one of Argentina's most respected and influential monthly magazines in June of this year.
Waiting to Cross Over
Authors: O'Hanlon Daniel J.
Published: September 2018

As I started out that December morning along the riverfront at Benares, the long arch of river, the cremation ghats, and the towering buifdings stretched as far as the eye could see, like a mighty encrusted bow catching the morning sun and embracing the wide, empty sandbank across the river to the east.

Passing a woman squatting in front of her fragile hut of rushes, roasting chapattis on the usual concave brown metal disc over her small fire, I leaped across the trickle of the Asi, which gives Benares the latter half of its Indian name of Varanasi.
Prostitution in Canton
Authors: London Miriam , London Ivan D.
Published: September 2018

In the Soviet Union there are strict laws against prostitution. Nevertheless, if a man is interested in picking up a girl for sexual purposes, he knows where to go find one. Take Canton. Do men know where to find such a girl? I've had no personal experience, but 1 did learn something about this from others in 1971. It happened that I was sent on an errand by the large brigade. I had to get some wire cable, but there was none to be had in Canton, so my job was to procure it through the speculators' organizations.
The Multinational Enterprise as Symbol
Authors: Vemon Raymond
Published: September 2018

The world we are obliged to inhabit, it sometimes seems, is being managed by a deity with an exceedingly wry sense of humor. This is the century in Which national governments have taken on the novel and difficult task of actively trying to promote the welfare of ordinary people. It is also the century in which technological forces have been pushing the individual states together and sharply reducing their autonomy. The multinational enterprise epitomizes the conflict. Created in part as a result of the technological forces, responding to the new opportunities those forces have generated, the multinational enterprise is widely seen as threatening the autonomy of the nation-state.