bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Incidence of ketoacidosis in diabetic patients treated with sodium–glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Issa Afif Kawalit  , Muhand Salama Eltwal  , Asad Ibrahim Al-Tirawi  , Abbas Y El-Khatib
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) have gained significant attention for their benefits in managing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), particularly in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and heart failure. However, the potential for SGLT2is to increase the risk of ketoacidosis, particularly euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis (EDKA), warrants further investigation. This prospective cohort study assesses the incidence of ketoacidosis among T2DM patients treated with SGLT2is and examines related risk factors. Methods: This is a prospective study included 575 patients with T2DM. Patients over 18 years undergoing SGLT2i therapy were followed for six months. Baseline demographics, clinical history, glucose management practices, and medication use, with an emphasis on SGLT2is, were recorded. Blood gas analysis (BGA) and urine ketones were measured monthly. Ketoacidosis was defined by urine ketone positivity with pH <7.30, bicarbonate (HCO3) ≤18 mEq/L, and an elevated anion gap. Results: Out of 575 patients, 35.6% (205) had positive urine ketones at least once during the study, with 11 patients (0.7%) meeting ketoacidosis criteria. Patients with ketoacidosis had a mean hospital stay of 8.2 days compared to 5.4 days in non-ketoacidosis patients (p = 0.02). No in-hospital mortality occurred among ketoacidosis patients. Conclusion: Ketoacidosis was rare but clinically relevant in T2DM patients on SGLT2is. The incidence of euglycemic ketoacidosis highlights the need for monitoring and identifying high-risk individuals early during SGLT2i treatment initiation.
The role of big data in driving advancements in deep learning: Opportunities, challenges, and future directions
Authors: Benjamin Ishaku Teri  , Zim Ezevillo  , Omoniyi Emmanuel Francis  , Ismail Oluwatobilola Sule-Odu  , Akangbe Oladotun Wilfred  , Olamiposi Michael Olatunde
Published: November 2024

The advent of big data has significantly shaped the trajectory of machine learning, particularly in the field of deep learning. The vast amounts of data generated every day across various sectors—from healthcare to finance—have provided unprecedented opportunities for training more powerful and accurate deep learning models. This review paper explores the critical role big data plays in driving advances in deep learning, analyzing how these two fields intersect and fuel each other. The paper also examines the challenges associated with leveraging big data in deep learning, including data quality, scalability, and computational constraints. Finally, the paper discusses future directions in the convergence of big data and deep learning, emphasizing emerging trends and the potential of this intersection to revolutionize industries.
Nature's secret weapon: Watermelon seed oil as petroleum jelly alternative for oily skin care moisturizer
Authors: Priyanka S Somkuwar  , Om N Samarth  , Pratiksha P Dahake  , Jagruti A Bhadange
Published: November 2024

Watermelon seed are known for their high-water content, typically around 90%, which makes hem incredibly hydrating. Watermelon is also rich in vitamins A and C, potassium, magnesium, and dietary fibre. They are rich in nutrients such as protein, amino acids, minerals, healthy fats, antioxidants, and dietary fiber. They can be consumed raw or roasted/sprouted. Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) is a fruit from the plant family of Cucurbitaceae. Watermelon is an edible fruit containing 92% water and 6% sugar. Watermelon seed oil is a versatile and effective skincare product suitable for all skin types, including oily, dry, and sensitive ones, thanks to its light, fast-absorbing properties. Petroleum jelly is an oil-based product that forms an oily film over the surface of the skin. Petroleum jelly’s benefits come from its main ingredient petroleum, which helps seal your skin with a water-protective barrier. Watermelon seed oil is a good replacement for petroleum jelly. The prepared moisturizer having good effect on skin and fulfil all he parameters intended for moisturizing effect.
The future of medicine: Strategic insights into drug repurposing
Authors: P. Aravanan.  , R. Gowrish  , G. K. Pramoth  , U. Joel Francis  , I. Mohammed Innamal Hasan A. Mohammed Khaza Moideen  , S. Jeevanandham
Published: November 2024

The future of medicine is increasingly being shaped by innovative strategies that maximize the efficacy of existing therapeutics, one of the most promising being drug repurposing. Drug repurposing involves the identification of novel therapeutic applications for approved or investigational drugs, thereby circumventing the lengthy and costly processes associated with traditional drug development. This approach not only accelerates the delivery of treatments to patients but also optimizes existing resources, making it a compelling strategy in the face of rising healthcare costs and the urgent need for novel therapies. Recent advancements in genomics, bioinformatics, and high-throughput screening have revolutionized our ability to identify potential candidates for repurposing. These technologies facilitate the exploration of drug-target interactions across various diseases, enabling researchers to uncover unexpected therapeutic potentials. For instance, well-known medications originally developed for one condition have been found effective in treating others, such as the use of thalidomide for multiple myeloma and the repurposing of antifungal agents for cancer therapy.
Isolation and identification of mycoplasma strains in the inner ear of cattle and small ruminants in Mali
Authors: Amadou SERY  , Cheick Abou Kounta SIDIBE  , Mamadou KONE  , Bekaye SACKO  , Abdoul Kader BOUARE  , Mamadou NIANG
Published: November 2024

Mycoplasmas are microorganisms characterized by the absence of a cell wall and affecting animals and humans. In domestic ruminants, the role of inner ear swabbing was determined in the isolation of mycoplasmas in cattle and small ruminants in Mali. From 250 asymptomatic carriers, inner ear swabs were taken from 126 cattle and 124 small ruminants in the regions of Kayes, Koulikoro, Sikasso, Ségou and the District of Bamako. Microbiological analysis by isolation on Hyflick medium revealed 38 strains of mycoplasma including 23 in cattle (6 strains from Kayes, 3 strains from Sikasso, 1 strain from Ségou, 13 strain from Bamako) and 15 strains from small ruminants (1 strain from Sikasso, 2 from Ségou, 12 from Bamako). Growth inhibition and PCR tests (FusA, Polc) made it possible to identify in cattle 8 strains of Mycoplasma bovis, 13 strains of Mycoplasma yeatsii and 2 strains of Mycoplasma alkalescens and in small ruminants, 5 strains of Mycoplasma mycoides capri, 3 strains of Mycoplasma yeatsii and 7 strains of Mycoplasma agalactiae. Overall, the prevalence rate of mycoplasmas from inner ear swabs was 42.11% (16/38) of Mycoplasma yeatsii, 21.05% (8/38) of Mycoplasma bovis, 18.42% (7 /38) of Mycoplasma agalactiae, 13.16% (5/38) of Mycoplasma mycoides capri and 5.26% (2/38) of Mycoplasma alkalescens. The results of this study confirmed that the ear canal of cattle and small ruminants could be suitable sources for the detection of pathogenic strains such as Mycoplasma bovis, Mycoplasma agalactiae, Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri in asymptomatic herds of cattle and small ruminants.
Keragaman Morfologi Plasma Nutfah Talas (Colocasia esculenta L.) dan Keladi (Xanthosoma sagittifolium) di Kecamatan Waplau dan Air Buaya
Authors: Kabalmay Fahtur Rahman , Kesaulya Henry , Hehanussa Meitty L
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keragaman morfologi plasma nutfah tanaman jenis talas dan keladi di Kecamatan Waplau dan Air Buaya berdasarkan karakter morfologinya. Deskriptor tanaman Talas dan Keladi digunakan merujuk pada descriptors for taro (Colocasia esculenta L) dari International Plant Genetic Resources Institute, Rome, Italy dan IPGRI. 1999 dan descriptors for Xanthosoma dari International Board for Plant Genetic Resources, Rome tahun 1989. Di Kecamatan Waplau ditemukan 2 aksesi tanaman talas jenis  Colocasia esculenta L yang memiliki keragaman berdasarkan karakter morfologinya, sedangkan di Kecamatan Air Buaya ditemui 4 aksesi tanaman keladi jenis Xanthosoma sagittifolium yang juga menunjukan keragaman pada karakter morfologinya. Terdapat 3 cluster dari jenis xanthosoma yakni cluster I aksesi gifut Air Buaya, cluster II aksesi gifut Namsina dan Waipure dan cluster III aksesi gifut Bara.
Karakteristik Morfologi Tanaman Salak (Salacca zalacca Gaertn. Voss.) di Negeri Mamala Kecamatan Leihitu Kabupaten Maluku Tengah
Authors: Kilkoda Abdul Karim , Kelsaba Abu Bakar , Mahulette Asri Subkhan
Published: November 2024

Tanaman Salak (Salacca zalacca Gaertn. Voss.) di Negeri Mamala Kecamatan Leihitu Kabupaten Maluku Tengah merupakan salah jenis buahan yang banyak dibudidayakan oleh petani. Sejauh ini informasi tanaman salak yang dibudidayakan di Negeri Mamala belum banyak diinformasikan terutama terkait keragaman morfologi dan karakter pencirinya. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis keragaman morfologi tanaman salak di Negeri Mamala, Kecamatan Leihitu, Kabupaten Maluku Tengah beserta karakter penciri tanamannya. Penelitian menggunakan metode survei dan pengambilan sampel tanaman salak untuk pengukuran dilakukan secara acak. Penelitian dilakukan terhadap 30 tanaman salak milik petani berumur >3 tahun terhadap 48 karakter morfologi. Karakter yang dianalisis berupa karakter pohon, pelepah, daun, bunga, buah, biji. Data hasil pengukuran dianalisis menggunakan Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) terhadap 48 karakter morfologi untuk mendapatkan dendogram persentase kemiripan morfologi kemudian dilanjutkan dengan Principle Component Analysis (PCA) terhadap 29 karakter morfologi untuk menentukan karakter penciri tanaman. Hasil HCA didapatkan dua kelompok besar tanaman salak dengan koefisien ketidak miripan sebesar 28%. Kelompok pertama terdiri atas 29 aksesi yang mengelompok dengan koefisien kemiripan 82% (ketidakmiripan 18%), sedangkan kelompok kedua hanya terdiri atas satu aksesi yang memiliki koefisien ketidakmiripan sebesar 28% dengan kelompok pertama. Hasil PCA didapatkan total keragaman sebesar 27.60%%, dimana didapatkan karakter penciri berupa panjang helaian daun, panjang tangkai daun, panjang pelepah, jumlah anak daun menyatu di ujung daun, diameter duri terpanjang di pelepah, dan jumlah tulang halus pada anak daun. Karakter tersebut teridentifikasi sebagai karakter penciri tanaman salak jenis Salacca zalacca.
Anomali Iklim El Nino dan Dampaknya Terhadap Neraca Air Lahan Jagung di Pulau Babar, Kabupaten Maluku Barat Daya
Authors: Lesilolo Marthini K. , Leimeheriwa Semuel , Madubun Elia L.
Published: November 2024

Musim tanam akan semakin pendek karena berkurangnya ketersediaan airtanah akibat fenomena El Nino. Dalam konteks ini, telah dilakukan penelitian yang menggambarkan kejadian, intensitas, dan frekuensi peristiwa El Nino serta mengkaji pengaruhnya terhadap neraca air jagung di Pulau Babar. Data iklim, koefisien tanaman jagung, ENSO History, dan data pendukung dikumpulkan untuk selanjutnya dianalisis.  Analisis data diawali dengan pembangkitan data curah hujan, dilanjutkan dengan analisis kondisi curah hujan El Nino, dan analisis neraca air lahan jagung. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, di Pulau Babar telah mengalami delapan episode El-Nino, rata-rata setiap empat tahun selama tiga puluh tahun terakhir. Jagung dapat ditanam dua kali setahun di Pulau Babar pada kondisi curah normal atau rata-rata, dan hanya bisa ditanam setahun sekali saat terjadi El Nino
Properties of Azotobacter as biofertilizer and biocontrol of Fusarium
Authors: Hindersah Reginawanti , Subardja Vera Oktavia , Suryatmana Pujawati , Sudirja Rija
Published: November 2024

The Nitrogen-fixer bacteria, Azotobacters, are the potential Plant Growth Promotion Rhizobacteria for increasing plant growth and productivity due to their prominent role as biofertilizer dan bioprotectant. The objective of the experiment was to identify the plant-growth related characteristic of various Azotobacter isolates and to test their antagonism to soil-borne pathogen Fusarium. The five Azotobacter isolates were grown in Nitrogen-free slant for determining their ability to fix the Nitrogen, producing phytohormones and exopolysaccharides, and to inhibit the growth of Fusarium oxysforum f.sp. batatas. The results verified that all isolates synthesize various concentration of Indole acetic acid, Gibberellin, Zeatin and Kinetin as well exopolysaccharide in the N-free media. However, this study found that Azotobacter AzV1 did not detected to fix the N.  This study suggests that Azotobacter has a dual function as biofertilizer and bioprotectant.
Pengaruh Konsentrasi dan Frekuensi Pupuk Organik Cair NASA Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Kubis Bunga (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis L .)
Authors: Rehatta Herman , Marasabessy Dessy
Published: November 2024

Kubis bunga memiliki nilai gizi dan manfaat untuk kesehatan karna berpotensi sebagai obat  kanker. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji pengaruh dosis dan frekuensi pupuk organik Cair NASA terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman kubis bunga (Brassica Oleracea Var. Botrytis L.).  Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di lahan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Pattimura. dari bulan Agustus sampai pada bulan November 2021. Penelitian ini menggunakan percobaan faktorial, Rancangan Acak Kelompok yang terdiri dari 2 faktor. Faktor pertama adalah konsentrasi pupuk organik cair NASA yang terdiri atas 4 taraf yaitu : D0 = 0 ml/0,5 liter air, D1 = 4 ml/0,5 liter air, D2 = 8 ml/0,5 liter air, D3 =12 ml/0,5 liter air. Faktor kedua adalah frekuensi pemberian pupuk organik cair yang terdiri atas 3 taraf yaitu : F1 =  1 minggu sekali, F2 = 2 minggu sekali, F3 = 3 minggu sekali. Parameter yang diamati adalah tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun (helai), luas daun, waktu awal munculnya bunga, waktu panen, bobot bunga per tanaman, bobot segar tanaman. Data dianalisis dengan sidik ragam (Analysis of Variance) dengan uji lanjut menggunakan Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa POC NASA berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, umur panen dan bobot segar tanaman. Interaksi  antara konsentrasi POC NASA dan frekuensi pemberian berpengaruh nyata terhadap waktu awal muncul bunga.
Perbanyakan Metarhizium Anisopliae Asal Serangga Pada Beberapa Media
Authors: Soviani Sonnia , Hasinu Jeffij Virgowati , Leatemia Johanna Audrey
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan jenis media yang efektif digunakan dalam perbanyakan masal jamur M.anisopliae di Laboratorium dan mendapatkan data lama waktu simpan untuk menjaga kualitas M. anisopliae tetap dalam kondisi baik. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Balai Besar Perbenihan dan Proteksi Tanaman Perkebunan (BBPPTP) Ambon dan Laboratorium Penyakit Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Pattimura Ambon pada bulan Agustus - November 2023. Rancangan Acak Lengkap digunakan dengan 4 perlakuan yaitu menggunakan media PDA, SDA, jagung dan beras yang diulang sebanyak 3 kali. Parameter yang diamati yaitu morfologi koloni M. anisopliae pada setiap media meliputi warna, tekstur, elevasi dan bentuk koloni; diameter pertumbuhan yang dilihat secara visual; dan jumlah kerapatan spora yang dihitung pada minggu ke 1, 2, 3, dan 8 pada setiap media. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa media terbaik untuk perbanyakan jamur M. anispleae di laboratorium yaitu media jagung diikuti dan media SDA dengan kerapatan spora pada minggu ke 3 masing- masing 20 x   dan 16 x   .Media dengan daya simpan terbaik sampai minggu ke 8 yaitu media jagung dan media SDA dengan kerapatan spora  masing-masing 17,67 x   dan 14,00 x  .
Literature Review: Rekayasa Mikrobioma Rizosfer untuk Meningkatkan Kesehatan Tanah dan Produktivitas Tanaman Pangan dalam Mendukung Pertanian Berkelanjutan
Authors: Dita Limbong Agatha , Simarmata Tualar
Published: November 2024

Dampak dari intensifikasi pertanian tanpa memperhatikan kelestarian lahan pertanian sehingga lahan menjadi tidak produktif, padahal kebutuhan pangan semakin lama semakin meningkat. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan kemampuan dari rekayasa mikrobioma rizosfer dalam meningkatkan kesehatan tanah dan produktivitas tanaman pangan serta mengetahui hambatan dan peluang dari mikrobioma rizosfer dalam mendukung pertanian berkelanjutan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Narrative Literature Review. Rekayasa mikrobioma rizosfer dapat meningkatkan populasi mikroba menguntungkan dengan mengurangi input kimia, tetapi tetap efektif dalam meningkatkan produktivitas tanaman pangan dan kesehatan tanah serta berperan dalam mendukung pertanian berkelanjutan. Penggunaan pupuk dan pestisida harus diatur dengan bijak agar tidak merusak mikrobioma rizosfer dan nutrisi tanah tetap terjaga.
Impact of Bacillus Inoculation on Rhizosphere Bacterial Community Structure: A Review
Authors: Salsabila Nisrina , Hindersah Reginawanti
Published: November 2024

The rhizosphere is a specialized zone where plant roots interact with the soil microbiome. Among various beneficial microbes, the genus Bacillus stands out due to its diverse functionalities and potential to boost plant growth and resilience. Bacillus is a key genus of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) known for enhancing nutrient availability, producing phytohormones, and inducing plant resistance to pathogens. Inoculating Bacillus species into the rhizosphere can significantly alter the bacterial community's structure and composition. These alterations are driven by the competitive and cooperative interactions between Bacillus and the native rhizosphere microorganisms. Incorporating soil microorganisms into the host plant's beneficial bacterial community improves soil nutrient cycling and nutrient use efficiency. Using microbial inoculants is an effective strategy to address crop succession challenges, enhance microbial community structure, and improve soil fertility, thereby promoting crop growth. This review thoroughly examines the current understanding of how Bacillus inoculation impacts rhizosphere bacterial community structure.
Aras Konsentrasi Kotoran Sapi Segar Dan Frekuensi Pemberiannya Pada Tanaman Sawi (Brassica rapa var. pekinensis)
Authors: Putri Pesulima Jona Septiana , Walsen Anthony , Tomasoa Reny
Published: November 2024

Aras Konsentrasi Kotoran Sapi Segar dan Frekuensi Pemberiannya Pada Tanaman Sawi (Brassica rapa var. pekinensis) merupakan penelitian yang dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mendapatkan konsentrasi dan frekuensi kotoran sapi segar serta sinergitas keduanya terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman sawi yang optimal. Penelitian dilaksanakan dari bulan Februari sampai dengan Mei 2021 di rumah kaca Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Pattimura Ambon. Metode penelitian menggunakan percobaan faktorial yang disusun dalam Rancangan Acak Lengkap. Faktor pertama yaitu konsentrasi kotoran sapi segar yang terdiri dari 4 aras: konsentrasi 0%; 7,5%; 15%; 22,5%. Faktor kedua adalah frekuensi pemberian pupuk yaitu 1x pemberian; 2x pemberian dan 3x pemberian dengan rentan waktu 7 hari.  Dengan 12 kombinasi perlakuan, setiap kombinasi perlakuan diulang 3x, maka terdapat 36 satuan percobaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Interaksi konsentrasi dengan frekuensi pemberiannya hanya terjadi pada variabel bobot segar tanaman. Selanjutnya konsentrasi kotoran sapi segar 15% memberikan pengaruh terbaik dan berbeda pada variabel panjang daun, luas daun, jumlah daun dan panjang akar. Frekuensi pemberian kotoran sapi segar 2 kali sangat berpengaruh terhadap jumlah daun, panjang akar.
Kondisi Iklim dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Produksi Tanaman Pala (Myristyca fragrans Houtt) di Kepulauan Banda, Provinsi Maluku
Authors: Laimeheriwa Semuel , Rehatta Herman , Leatemia Johana Audrey
Published: November 2024

Hampir semua variabel iklim berpengaruh terhadap tanaman pala; diantaranya curah hujan, suhu udara, kelembaban udara dan lama penyinaran surya.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh variabel iklim terhadap produksi pala di Kepulauan Banda, Kabupaten Maluku Tengah.  Data yang dianaisis berupa gambaran kondisi iklim wilayah menggunakan teknik rata-rata aljabar, dan hubungan variabel iklim curah hujan, suhu udara, kelembaban udara, dan lama penyinaran surya dengan produksi pala menggunakan persamaan regresi.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Kepulauan Banda yang memiliki pola hujan lokal dengan curah hujan rata-rata tahunan sebesar 2833 mm; mencapai puncaknya dalam Mei-Juni  sebesar 381 – 444 mm, dan terendah 101 – 109 mm dalam bulan Agustus-September.  Variabel iklim curah hujan memberikan sumbangan tertinggi bagi produksi pala yaitu sebesar 67,64 %, sedangkan yang paling rendah yaitu variabel iklim suhu udara yaitu 27,34 %.
Bakteri Endofitik Penambat Nitrogen dan Teknik Aplikasinya untuk Pertumbuhan Tanaman Tomat (Solanum lycopersicum L.) pada Tanah Inceptisols Asal Jatinangor
Authors: Setiawati Mieke Rochimi , Azkiannissa Shafwah Zylvi , Hermiyantoro Diyan , Hindersah Reginawanti , Chotimah Andina , Fitriatin Betty Natalie , Aditya Fasa
Published: November 2024

Inceptisols merupakan ordo tanah yang tersebar luas di Indonesia. Lahan Inceptisols menjadi pilihan yang potensial untuk kegiatan pertanian karena luasan totalnya yang cukup besar. Salah satu kendala dalam pemanfaatan tanah Inceptisols ialah sifatnya yang kurang subur dengan kandungan nitrogen (N) yang rendah. Solusi dari permasalahan tersebut salah satunya ialah pengaplikasian bakteri endofitik penambat N. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh inokulasi tiga jenis bakteri endofitik penambat nitrogen (Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus corrig (GD1), G. diazotrophicus VTH-Ai80 (GD2), dan Paraburkholderia, sp.) dengan tiga teknik aplikasi yang berbeda (perendaman benih, penyiraman tanah, dan kombinasinya) terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman, populasi bakteri endofitik, dan bobot kering tanaman tomat pada tanah Inceptisols asal Jatinangor. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Rumah Kaca Percobaan Bale Tatanen dan Laboratorium Biologi Tanah Departemen Ilmu Tanah dan Sumber Daya Lahan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Padjadjaran Jatinangor, Kabupaten Sumedang, Jawa Barat pada bulan Oktober s.d. Desember 2023. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan yaitu Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) yang terdiri 10 kombinasi perlakuan dengan 3 ulangan dan 3 subsampel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian bakteri endofitik penambat N dengan teknik aplikasinya berpengaruh nyata pada tinggi tanaman 1 MST dan bakteri endofitik bagian akar, tetapi tidak berpengaruh nyata pada pengamatan lainnya. Perlakuan G. diazotrophicus VTH-Ai80  + Perendaman Benih + Penyiraman Tanah merupakan perlakuan yang lebih baik dalam meningkatkan tinggi tanaman 1 MST. Perlakuan G. diazotrophicus corrig + Penyiraman Tanah merupakan perlakuan yang lebih baik dalam meningkatkan populasi bakteri endofitik pada bagian akar tanaman tomat. Perlakuan G. diazotrophicus VTH-Ai80 + Penyiraman Tanah merupakan perlakuan terbaik dalam peningkatan indeks klorofil daun tanaman tomat.
Assessing the expediency of refactoring the database of the operated information system
Authors: Yevlanov Maksym V. , Iuriev Ivan O. , Miroshnychenko Dmytro O.
Published: November 2024

The issue of improving the existing standard process of refactoring the database of the information system in operation is considered. The main advantages and disadvantages of this process are determined. A significant need for objective recognition of the need for database refactoring before starting all other work on its implementation has been established. On the basis of the set-theoretical apparatus, objective assessments of the complexity of the current database and the set of requests for changes to the information system in operation have been developed. An indication of the amount of changes to be made during the proposed database refactoring is obtained.
Structural state and physical-mechanical properties of multilayer vacuum arc Ti/TiN coating
Authors: Serdiuk Iryna , Stolbovyi Viacheslav Oleksandrovich , Andreev Anatolij , Gorban Viktor Fedorovich , Kryvoshapka Ruslan Vasilievich
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Problem. Increasing the resource of the cutting tools in conditions of variable load is of great importance, as it affects not only the cost of production but also the competitiveness of the enterprise. A wide range of properties of vacuum arc multilayer coatings allows them to be used in mechanical engineering to increase the performance of the tools in the variable conditions of cutting. Goal. The goal is to study the structural state and physical and mechanical properties of vacuum arc multilayer Ti/TiN coatings. To achieve the goal, it is necessary to analyze the effect of the thickness of the titanium layer and the amount of negative stress on the substrate on the structure, stress-strain state, and physical and mechanical properties of the multilayer Ti/TiN coating with relatively thick layers of titanium nitride. Methodology. Multilayer Ti/TiN coatings were obtained in the Bulat-6 vacuum-arc installation. The study of mechanical characteristics was carried out by the indentation method using the MicronGama microindenter. Structural studies of the samples were carried out on a DRON-3M diffractometer. Electron microscopic studies were performed on a JEOL JSM-840 scanning electron microscope. Originality. It was found that in titanium nitride layers with a thickness of 300 nm or more, a texture develops when a voltage is applied to the substrate. The degree of texture perfection increases with increasing layer thickness. When the thickness of the titanium layer is from 30 nm to 250 nm, the development of the stress-strain state in the titanium nitride layers takes place without significant relaxation. The mechanical properties of the Ti/TiN multilayer coating remain quite high (hardness 33.7...36.3 GPa with a modulus of elasticity 413...434 GPa) when the thickness of the titanium layer is less than 125 nm. Practical value. Increasing the crack resistance of Ti/TiN multilayer coatings due to the introduction of titanium layers makes their use promising for hard loads.
Enhancing Students' Critical and Creative Thinking Skills Through Problem-Based Learning
Authors: Mulyati Yayuk , ‘Ainunnizar Desy , Hasan Said , Wicaksono Azizul , Ichsan Mochammad
Published: November 2024

The critical and creative thinking skills (CCTs) of junior high school students remain at a low level. Following this phenomenon, this research was conducted to explore the potential of the Problem Based-Learning model (PBL) to enhance students' CCTs, using a single class with a single group pretest-posttest design involving the ninth-grade students from State Junior High School in Malang, Indonesia. The sample was selected using the purposive sampling technique. Data was gathered through evaluation instruments in the form of pretest and posttest results. In addition to the aforementioned instruments, teaching modules and student worksheets were employed in the data collection process. The data analysis was performed using a number of tests, including the Shapiro-Wilk data normality test, Wilcoxon test, and N-Gain test. In particular, these tests were carried out to evaluate changes in scores. The research findings indicated that the implementation of PBL was effective and significantly successful in improving students' thinking skills, especially their CCTs. This is evidenced by the Wilcoxon test results, which resulted a significance value of less than 0.05, as well as a high N-Gain increase for critical thinking (0.7001) and a medium category for creative thinking (0.5826). Therefore, these findings can serve as recommendations concerning the role of PBL in improving students' two thinking skills (CCTs).
Unveiling the Other: Animals, Oppression, and Visual Culture through Nanook of the North
Authors: Sun Yuyue
Published: November 2024

This article critically examines early 20th-century exploration cinema, focusing onthe portrayal of nonhuman animals and indigenous peoples, using Nanook of theNorth (1922) as a representative example. The study highlights how these films,emerging during a period of intense Western exploration, established enduringvisual conventions that depicted nonhuman animals and indigenous humans ascultural Others. By moving beyond the aesthetic achievements of these films,such as Robert Flaherty's innovative use of long shots, the article brings attentionto the ethical concerns related to speciesism and anthropocentrism that haveoften been overlooked. It explores how the exploitation of nonhuman animalsboth on-screen and behind the scenes reflects broader speciesist powerdynamics, while also challenging the dichotomy between culture and nature asseen in indigenous hunting and gathering societies. The article argues for a reexaminationof these films through a multicultural and intersectional lens,bridging the gap between cinema studies and critical animal and media studies,and ultimately seeks to raise public awareness about the protection of animalrights by emphasizing the sentience and moral consideration due to nonhumananimals.
Do Teachers With Absent Students Feel Less Job Satisfaction?
Authors: Gottfried Michael A. , Ansari Arya , Woods S. Colby
Published: November 2024

Research and policy have focused predominantly on the individual consequences for students who miss school. Yet absenteeism does not occur in a vacuum, and less work has focused on how student absenteeism correlates to classroom dynamics. Practically no attention has been paid toward teachers. We propose in this study that student absences make it challenging for teachers to enjoy the very function of their jobs and thus experience more dissatisfaction at work as a result. We find that teachers have lower job satisfaction when more of their students are absent. However, we find statistically significant differences only for broad aspects of teacher satisfaction—job enjoyment, usefulness, and belief in the profession—rather than differences among other related measures of teaching.
Using an enzyme preparation and vitamin C to increase the meat productivity of broiler chickens
Authors: Bugulova I. , Gappoeva V. , Temiraev V. , Baeva Z. , Baeva A.
Published: November 2024

Purpose: to study the effect of vitamin C and MEK Feedbest®VGPro when introduced into the compound feed of broiler chickens with excessive background of heavy metals on the indices of meat productivity, food and biological value, ecological safety of their meat.

Materials and methods. The objects of the study were meat chickens of the ROSS-508 cross. At the age of one day, 4 groups of 100 birds each were formed from them in accordance with the principle of analog groups. In the composition of the used recipes of complete compound feed in all three age periods of growing, the main grain and protein ingredients were represented by locally produced feed: corn, wheat, peas and rapeseed meal. Growing of experimental broilers for meat was completed at the age of 42 days and their control slaughter was carried out, for which 5 birds were selected from each group. The concentration of salts of heavy metals was determined in the samples of feed and meat of the experimental birds.

Results. The experiment substantiated the feasibility of combined introduction of MEC Feedbest®VGPro at a rate of 100 g/t of feed and vitamin C at a rate of 500 g/t of feed into diets with excessive content of heavy metal salts. Compared to the control analogues, broilers of the 3rd experimental group showed a reliable (p<0,05) decrease in fat by 0,26 % and a simultaneous increase in dry matter, protein and the value of the protein-quality indicator in the pectoral muscle samples. Combined additions of the tested preparations contributed to a decrease in the concentration of zinc by 63,17 % (p<0,05), cadmium by 61,11 % (p<0,05) and lead by 62,34 % (p<0,05) in poultry meat samples from the 3rd experimental group, compared to the control. Moreover, in the meat samples of broilers of the 3rd experimental group, the maximum permissible concentrations of none of these elements were exceeded.
Effect of vitamin-mineral complex with probiotic on histological structure of gastrointestinal tract tissues of budgerigars
Authors: Igenov M. , Novik Y. , Sigareva N. , Arakantseva L. , Golichanina E.
Published: November 2024

Purpose: to evaluate the effect of a vitamin-mineral complex with a probiotic on the histological structure of the gastrointestinal tract tissues of budgerigars in dynamics.

Materials and methods. The object of the study were budgerigars aged from 60 to 180 days. According to the principle of pairs-analogues, 3 experimental and a control group of 20 birds each were formed from clinically healthy budgerigars. For the purpose of the experiment, complete granules were created containing a basic grain-seed diet and a complex consisting of a probiotic, vitamins and minerals. Bacillus Subtillis 5 mg per 100 g of live weight was used as a probiotic. For histological and histochemical studies, tissue pieces measuring 0.5 x 0.5 x 0.5 cm were selected. In each section, an assessment of at least 10 fields of vision was given.

Results. As a result of the experiment, lasting 45 days, a gradual increase in the probiotic mass was noted in the gastrointestinal tract of budgerigars on the 15th and 30th day. Complete release of the body from the probiotic was observed on the 30th day after stopping the administration of the granulated complex. No changes in the histological structure of the liver were revealed. Positive changes in the intestine and stomach were noted, such as an increase in the density of villi and the height of the epithelium, folds, crypts and tubular glands. These changes are reversible, due to the temporary effect of the vitamin and mineral complex with a probiotic.
Genome-wide detection and analysis of copy number variations in Sal sheep using a high-density SNP array
Authors: Bakoev N. F.
Published: November 2024

Purpose: to identify CNV regions (CNVRs) and identify potentially specific CNVs in Sal sheep.

Materials and methods. The research was carried out on 48 Salsk breed sheep. Genotyping was performed using high-density microarrays Ovine SNP 600 K BeadChip array (Illumina, USA). DNA copy number variation (CNV) searches were performed using PennCNV software based on the Oar_v3.1 reference genome.

Results. We identified 4585 autosomal CNVs in 48 Sal breed sheep. The average CNV length was 92,3 Kb. 21,1 % of the total number of CNVs are less than 50 Kb in size. On average, from 65 to 138 CNVs were identified per animal. 527 autosomal CNVRs were obtained, representing 54,77 Mb of the entire sheep genome. The proportion of chromosomes covered by CNVR varies by chromosome, from 0,5 % on OAR25 to 9 % on OAR24. Analysis of CNVR in the ENCEMBL system revealed 42 genes in which CNVRs are localized; the remaining CNVRs are located in intergenic regions. Comparison of the identified CNVRs with sheep QTLs from the Animal QTL database showed that 39,24 % of the genes were responsible for reproductive traits, and 20,25 % were responsible for wool-related traits.

Conclusions. Functional annotation of CNVRs localized in genes and intergenic spaces was carried out and the total number of detected CNVRs in the QTL database was analyzed. The results showed that CNVs are localized in genes associated with selection-significant traits in sheep.
The impact of bull breeding management on reproductive function (review)
Authors: Elokhin E. , Turlova Yu.
Published: November 2024

Providing the population with quality food products is currently relevant. High-tech production of meat and dairy products requires breeding animals with high genetic potential. The main role is given to bull sires, since they are responsible for the constant reproduction of the breeding stock, which depends on the non-stop renovation of the herd with high breeding value’s calves.  Management of growing and breeding of young bulls can directly affect the reproductive function of sires and the physiological health. The article provides analytical data based on literary sources containing research by various authors on this topic, and reviews methods and technologies for keeping breeding bulls on various farms in the Russia and abroad. Currently, there is a many problems of getting high-quality breeding young bulls to an artificial insemination center. Currently, there are problems with obtaining high-quality breeding bulls of the enterprise. There are animals with abnormal development of the musculoskeletal system, joints, hooves, with signs of osteomalacia, etc. Such animals require additional costs for veterinary and breeding services. The quality of the sperm products they produce often does not comply with state normative. The reason is related either to the choice of maintenance technology or feeding technology. It is necessary to competently organize management, breeding and veterinary work in farms that are purposefully engaged in breeding young animals.
Zootechnical characteristics of the emerging lines of stallions of the Yakut breed in the Oymyakonsky ulus of Yakutia
Authors: Osipov V. , Slepsov E. , Vinokurov I. , Alferov I. , Rumyantseva T. , Nyukkanov A. , Savvinova M.
Published: November 2024

Purpose: zootechnical characteristics of the developing lines of Yakut breed stallions in the breeding farm "Agricultural production cooperative "Tonor" of the Oymyakon ulus of Yakutia.

Materials and methods. The study of the exterior indicators of the stallions was carried out by taking body measurements according to the instructions of the All-Russian Research Institute of Horse Breeding. The use of genotypic assessment methods for animals along with classical zootechnical assessment methods for pedigree, productive traits (live weight and meat productivity of offspring, milk production, fertility of daughters) was supplemented by the use of the method of selecting offspring based on their adaptability to herd conditions.

Results. Long-term selection work in the breeding farm of the Oymyakon ulus is completed by the formation of six lines of outstanding Yakut breed stallions. In terms of live weight, both stallions and mares of the Oymyakon horse surpass stallions and mares of the Yana, Kolyma and indigenous types. Oymyakon stallions (n=20) weighed on average 483,7±3,55 kg, while stallions of the indigenous types weighed 446,3±4,75 kg (n=34), Kolyma types 449,1±3,42 kg (n=87) and Yana types 469,4±3,27 kg (n=128). Oymyakon horse mares (n=165) also surpassed mares of the indigenous type (401,6±2,00 kg (n=341)), Kolyma type (432,2±1,13 kg (n=1063) and Yang type (431,0±1,16 kg (n=881)) in average live weight of 453,8±2,19 kg. According to measurements of head, neck, chest, croup, occiput and withers, chest and croup width and their indices, Oymyakon horse stallions and mares are practically no different from indigenous type horses. The founder of the line with the most numerous followers is the outstanding stallion Kyurzhet, born in 1946. He came from local Yakut horses of the former Bolshevik collective farm. His line continues on the Tonor farm through his two descendants: his grandson Chalay, born in 1981, live weight 515 kg, and his great-grandson Tenkelekh, born in 1992, live weight 490 kg. The farm produced Kyurzhet's great-great-great-grandson Chalay and 6 great-great-great-great-grandchildren, and now produces 11 continuers of the line (3 great-great-great-great-grandchildren and 8 great-great-great-great-great-grandchildren), a total of 18 continuers of his line have been and are being produced.
Effect of antioxidant and adsorbent on the digestibility and digestibility of nutrients in broiler diets while reducing the risk of aflatoxicosis
Authors: Rozovenko M. , Ktsoeva I. , Gazzaeva M. , Kubatieva Z. , Baeva A.
Published: November 2024

Purpose: determination of the adsorbent toxin and antioxidant vitamin C on the digestibility and assimilation of nutrients in the composition of compound feed for broiler chickens with a tolerant level of aflatoxin B1.

Materials and methods. The objects of the study were broiler chickens of the KOBB-500 cross. When setting up the experiment, the duration of 42 days, 4 groups of 100 heads each were formed from day-old chickens according to the principle of analog groups. The experimental birds were fed complete compound feeds (CF) based on corn, sorghum and fodder beans. The samples of compound feeds have a high chemical composition and the presence of mycotoxins. Upper limits of permissible concentrations (ULC) for aflatoxin B1 were established in all three types of feed grain. Therefore, they were mixed with safe mycotoxin additives using dispensers in the feed shop of the poultry enterprise. In this way, tolerable levels (no more than 0,25 mg/kg of feed) of the content of this mycotoxin in the composition of the PK fed to the experimental birds were achieved. Against the background of the conducted scientific and production experiment with the use of chromium oxide in the composition of compound feed (as an inert indicator) on chickens (aged 35-42 days) of comparable groups (5 heads from each group), we conducted an exchange (physiological) experiment. Based on the results of chemical analysis of the fed compound feed and excrements in the droppings of the experimental birds, the level of digestibility and assimilation of nutrients in the diet was calculated.

Results. During the experiment, the leadership of the combined introduction of the adsorbent toxfin in the amount of 1500 g/t and ingredient C in the amount of 500 g/t of feed into complete feeds for broiler chickens with a tolerant level of aflatoxin B1 was established. As a result, compared to the birds of the control group, the chickens of the 3rd experimental group had significantly (р<0,05) higher coefficients of digestibility of dry matter by 3,66%, organic matter by 3,90 %, crude protein by 3,63 %, fiber by 3.06% and NFE by 3,19 %, respectively. In terms of the degree of nitrogen assimilation (60,45 %), the result (51.45 %) and phosphorus (49,67 %) from the generally accepted amount with feed, the best indicators were also obtained in broilers of the 3rd experimental group, which reliably (р<0,05) outperformed their control indicators for these indicators by 3,74 %, 2,91 % and 2,45 %, respectively.
Utilization of Information Resources and Students’ Academic Performance in Tertiary Institutions in Cross River State, Nigeria
Authors: EKPANG Patience Owere , IDHALAMA Ogagaoghene Uzezi
Published: November 2024

This research aims to explore the utilization of information resources and its impact on the academic performance of students in tertiary institutions in Cross River State, Nigeria. The study will be conducted in the context of the increasing reliance on information and communication technologies (ICTs) in the education sector. The objectives of this research are: Examine the relationship between adequacy of information resources and students’ academic performance in tertiary institutions in Cross River State, examine the relationship between organization of information resources and students’ academic performance in tertiary institutions in Cross River State and examine the relationship between accessibility of information resources and students’ academic performance in tertiary institutions in Cross River State To achieve these objectives, a descriptive (quantitative) approach was employed. A survey was administered to a sample of students from various tertiary institutions in Cross River State. The survey gathered data on students' awareness and availability of information resources and their frequency of utilization for academic purposes. The data collected from the survey were analyzed using appropriate statistical techniques using descriptive statistics, such as frequencies and percentages, to determine the level of awareness, availability, and utilization of information resources. Correlation and regression analysis were employed to examine the relationship between the utilization of information resources and students' academic performance. The results of this study led to the conclusion that utilization of information resources has a strong, significant and positive relationship with students’ academic performance in tertiary institutions in Cross River State. Also, the independent variables: adequacy, organization and accessibility of information resources of the study shared a significant relationship with academic performance of students in tertiary institutions. Thus, for academic library (librarians) to continue to serve their essence in sustaining students’ academic performance, care must be taken to ensure that library resources are adequate, well organized and accessible to all students of the academic community. Based on the result of the study, the following recommendations were made: That tertiary institutions and academic libraries should set-up principles for evaluation of students’ level of utilization of information resources in order to ascertain to what extent library resources are utilized and do something about it and that academic librarians should periodically review library resources to check their level of adequacy, organization and accessibility so that their role would be significant in promoting effective utilization of information resources and academic performance of students in tertiary institutions.
Gender Parity in the Teaching of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (Stem) in Cameroon
Authors: Nfon Nekang, Fabian , Cheny Nfor, Julius
Published: November 2024

The paper discusses the gender disparity in education, particularly in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM). It examines the fact that teachers tend to stereotype mathematics as a male domain resulting in differential treatment of males and females in classrooms. This also results in the development of gender differences in STEM. It presents extracurricular, out of school factors and socio-cultural factors which contribute substantially to poor female enrolment in school thus causing serious gender imbalance in education in Cameroon and other African countries. The paper looks at the goals that lay the foundation for global policy on quality education and gender equity in the new millennium.
Effectiveness of the Technological Approach in the Spiritual Life of Young People
Authors: Majitovna Rakhmatova Mekhrinoz
Published: November 2024

This article explores the effectiveness of integrating technological approaches in the spiritual development of young people. The study examines how technology can be utilized to enhance spiritual practices, foster personal growth, and promote positive well-being among youth. Various technological tools and platforms are analyzed for their potential impact on the spiritual lives of young individuals. The findings suggest that incorporating technology in spiritual activities can be beneficial in engaging and empowering young people to deepen their spiritual connections and values. The implications of this technological approach on the overall well-being and development of youth are discussed, highlighting the importance of embracing innovative strategies in addressing the spiritual needs of the younger generation.
Linguistic Methodical Foundations of Teaching Allusions in Foreign Literature
Authors: Aminovna Bozorova Matlyuba
Published: November 2024

The article "Linguistic Methodical Foundations of Teaching Allusions in Foreign Literature" explores the pedagogical approaches and linguistic principles involved in teaching allusions from foreign literature. The author delves into the significance of allusions as literary devices and their role in enhancing language comprehension and cultural understanding. Through a comprehensive analysis, the article highlights the importance of integrating allusions into foreign language teaching methodologies to foster critical thinking skills and deepen students' appreciation of literary works. The study offers valuable insights into effective strategies for incorporating allusions into language instruction, emphasizing the need for a nuanced understanding of both linguistic and literary elements. The article describes methods for analyzing allusions expressed in the works of foreign writers in high school literature classes, in particular, when teaching Homer’s epic “Iliad”.