bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
War without limits: How sharp war theory is a historical anomaly
Authors: White Samuel
Published: December 2024

The “othering” of international humanitarian law has a demonstrated past resulting from the exclusion of so-called “Enemies of the Faith” from the laws of chivalry. It is no surprise, then, that the idea of “sharp war” should seem so natural to some commentators given its historical application “by the discretion of the commander and such rules of justice and humanity as recommend themselves in the particular circumstances of the case”. The application of humanitarian principles, in other words, was the measure of the commander's charity rather than the result of legal compulsion.

The viability of sharp war appears to have increased in attractiveness as conventional State-on-State warfare has seemingly decreased in frequency; however, the question of sharp war has never been approached through a legal historical lens. Utilizing the research found in The Laws of Yesterday's Wars, a multi-author series edited by the present author, this paper seeks to fill this gap by scoping over a range of geographically and temporally disconnected case studies and the customary law developed to mitigate warfare. Ultimately, the paper highlights that “soft war” has naturally evolved in all cultures and that arguments for sharp war are a historical anomaly.
Optimization of Variational Mode Decomposition Using Stationary Wavelet Transform and Its Application to Transient Electromagnetic Signal Noise Reduction
Authors: Wang Xianxia , Wei Xiaoya , Song Duxi , Wang Linfei , Wang Haochen , Zhang Zhicheng , Qi Tingye
Published: December 2024

To solve the problem of signal loss due to local reconstruction in the variational mode decomposition (VMD) method, this study proposes to use the stationary wavelet transform (SWT) to extract the effective signal in the mixed noise modes and reconstruct the noise‐reduced signal. First the slime mold algorithm (SMA) takes to realize the adaptive difficulty of selecting the important parameters K (the number of eigenmode decompositions) and α (the quadratic penalty coefficient) in the VMD. Then, the VMD decomposed modes are divided into the basic signal and noise signal according to the definition of Euclidean distance, finally the noise signal is decomposed in a new step by using SWT, and the basic signal is reconstructed with the effective signal to get the final noise reduced signal. Through the establishment of simulation tests and transient electromagnetic field tests in the mined‐out area, the results show that the VMD‐SWT method exhibits a better denoising effect and higher inversion accuracy for the transient electromagnetic signals, proving the superiority and applicability.
Coastlines Around the World Are Losing Sediment
Authors: Besl J.
Published: December 2024

A new tool maps coastal sediments on the basis of water color. It shows that 75% of the world’s coastlines may be losing suspended sediment.
Mid-Ocean Ridges Could Be Dispersing Thermophilic Bacteria
Authors: Bahagijo Miriam
Published: December 2024

Scientists suggest that two strains of endospores located more than 4,000 kilometers away from one another originated in the same place: along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge.
Scientists May Have Found Another Viscosity Shift in the Mantle
Authors: Thaler Perri
Published: December 2024

The proposed distinction could improve Earth models.
Canonical androgen response element motifs are tumor suppressive regulatory elements in the prostate
Authors: Chen Xuanrong , Augello Michael A. , Liu Deli , Lin Kevin , Hakansson Alex , Sjöström Martin , Khani Francesca , Deonarine Lesa D. , Liu Yang , Travascio-Green Jaida , Wu Jiansheng , Chan Un In , Owiredu Jude , Loda Massimo , Feng Felix Y. , Robinson Brian D. , Davicioni Elai , Sboner Andrea , Barbieri Christopher E.
Published: December 2024

The androgen receptor (AR) is central in prostate tissue identity and differentiation, and controls normal growth-suppressive, prostate-specific gene expression. It also drives prostate tumorigenesis when hijacked for oncogenic transcription. The execution of growth-suppressive AR transcriptional programs in prostate cancer (PCa) and the potential for reactivation remain unclear. Here, we use a genome-wide approach to modulate canonical androgen response element (ARE) motifs—the classic DNA binding elements for AR—to delineate distinct AR transcriptional programs. We find that activating these AREs promotes differentiation and growth-suppressive transcription, potentially leading to AR+ PCa cell death, while ARE repression is tolerated by PCa cells but deleterious to normal prostate cells. Gene signatures driven by ARE activity correlate with improved prognosis and luminal phenotypes in PCa patients. Canonical AREs maintain a normal, lineage-specific transcriptional program that can be reengaged in PCa cells, offering therapeutic potential and clinical relevance.
Efficient circular RNA synthesis for potent rolling circle translation
Authors: Du Yifei , Zuber Philipp Konrad , Xiao Huajuan , Li Xueyan , Gordiyenko Yuliya , Ramakrishnan V.
Published: December 2024

Circular RNA (circRNA) is a candidate for next-generation messenger RNA therapeutics owing to its remarkable stability. Here we describe trans-splicing-based methods for the synthesis of circRNAs over 8,000 nucleotides. The methods are independent of bacterial sequences, outperform the permuted intron–exon method and allow for the incorporation of RNA modifications. The resulting unmodified circRNAs, which incorporate sequences from human 28S ribosomal RNA, display low immunogenicity and are translated more efficiently than permuted intron–exon-derived circRNAs. Additionally, by using viral internal ribosomal entry sites for rolling circle translation, we show that ribosomes can efficiently read through highly structured internal ribosomal entry sites, enhancing the efficiency of rolling circle translation by over 7,000-fold with respect to previous constructs. The efficient and reliable production of circRNA may facilitate its therapeutic use.
Cheminformatics-based design and biomedical applications of a new Hydroxyphenylcalix[4] resorcinarene as anti-cancer agent
Authors: Alshahateet S. F. , Altarawneh R. M. , Al-Trawneh S. A. , Al-Saraireh Y. M. , Al-Tawarh W. M. , Abuawad K. R. , Abuhalaweh Y. M. , Zerrouk M. , Mansour A. Ait , Salghi R. , Hammouti B. , Merzouki M. , Sabbahi R. , Rhazi L. , Alanazi Mohammed M. , Azzaoui K.
Published: December 2024

The distinct conformational characteristics, functionality, affordability, low toxicity, and usefulness make calixarene-based compounds a promising treatment option for cancer. The aim of the present study is to synthesize a new calixarene-based compound and assess of its anticancer potential on some human cancer cells. The synthesized C-4-Hydroxyphenylcalix[4] resorcinarene (HPCR) was characterized by several spectroscopic techniques such as 1HNMR, 13CNMR, and X-ray crystallographic analysis to confirm its purity and identity. IC50 values were identified for cancer cell lines (U-87, MCF-7, A549) and human dermal fibroblasts cell line (HDF) after treatment with HPCR and the standard drug Cisplatin. A significant selective growth inhibitory activity against U-87 and A549 cell lines was obtained at an HPCR concentration of 100 μM. The MOE docking module (version 2015) was utilized to assess the extent of inhibition for HPCR compound against four cancer-related proteins (3RJ3, 7AXD, 6DUK, and 1CGL).
Nanocellulose-based Hydrogels: Synthesis, Characterisation, and Tissue Engineering Applications
Authors: Mohan Chandini C. , Joy Anjumol , Megha M. , Prabhu Ramya R. , B Arya , Bhat Sarita G.
Published: December 2024

Nanocellulose holds promise as a key component in the synthesis of hydrogels, with potential applications in tissue engineering. This chapter explores the synthesis, characterisation, and biomedical applications of nanocellulose-based hydrogels within the context of regenerative medicine. Through elucidating synthesis strategies, characterisation techniques, and diverse biomedical applications, this chapter aims to unveil the transformative potential of nanocellulose hydrogels. By highlighting their structural intricacies and impactful tissue engineering uses, this chapter seeks to inspire further research and innovation in leveraging nanocellulose-based hydrogels for advancing the frontiers of regenerative medicine.
Electrospinning of Nanocellulose–Synthetic Polymer Composites: A Multifaceted Approach to Tissue Engineering Breakthroughs
Authors: Nazemiyeh Amirreza , Ahdeno Niloufar , Dadashi Hamed , Saebnazar Aysan , Jaymand Mehdi , Vandghanooni Somayeh , Eskandani Morteza
Published: December 2024

Nanocellulose, an abundant and versatile natural polymer, has garnered significant attention in the field of tissue engineering (TE) due to its remarkable properties, including biocompatibility, biodegradability, high surface area, and mechanical strength. This chapter provides an in-depth overview of the combination of nanocellulose with various synthetic polymers, such as polyesters, polyanhydrides, polyurethanes, and polyacrylic acid, to create advanced composite materials for TE applications. The chapter also delves into the unique characteristics and advantages of each polymer class when combined with nanocellulose. For instance, polyesters, like poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) and polylactic acid (PLA), exhibit tunable biodegradability and biocompatibility, which can be further enhanced through nanocellulose reinforcement. Polyanhydrides, known for their surface erosion mechanism, can be blended with nanocellulose to develop scaffolds with improved mechanical stability and bioactivity. The integration of nanocellulose into polyurethane matrices enhances the scaffolds’ flexibility, durability, and cell–material interactions. Moreover, the incorporation of nanocellulose into polyacrylic acid-based hydrogels improves their swelling capacity, water retention, and mechanical robustness, making them promising candidates for wound healing and tissue regeneration. Overall, this chapter underscores the immense potential of nanocellulose-based synthetic polymer composites in addressing the diverse challenges in TE and paves the way for the development of innovative biomaterials for regenerative medicine applications.
Application of Random Lasers for Probing Multi-scale Dynamics at the Nano–Microscale
Authors: Padiyakkuth Nideesh , Kalarikkal Nandakumar , Antoine Rodolphe
Published: December 2024

Understanding the dynamics of complex processes requires fast optical imaging. Although laser pulses can have high brightness, their inherent high coherence degrades the image quality due to speckle formation. A random laser is an atypical laser technology in which scattering particles provide optical feedback. It can be engineered to provide low spatial coherence to perform speckle-free full-field imaging. In this chapter, we first study the operation principles and characteristics of random lasers. Then, we explain how the unique characteristics of random lasers allow them to be used as new imaging light sources with unprecedented brightness, delivering speckle-free and narrow-band light. We illustrate the advantages of random laser imaging in studying the dynamics of cavitation formation in liquids with different experimental setups.
Bimetallic metal–organic framework based dispersive solid phase extraction followed by using a carbon dot solution as the elution solvent; application in the extraction of imidacloprid and acetamiprid from pepper samples
Authors: Beiramzadeh Sarina , Farazjadeh Mir Ali , Fathi Ali Akbar , Afshar Mogaddam Mohammad Reza , Abolhasani Jafar
Published: December 2024

This study focuses on the dispersive solid phase extraction technique for the efficient extraction and enrichment of imidacloprid and acetamiprid from pepper samples.
Morphology-dependent nanoplasmonic assay: a powerful signaling platform for multiplexed total antioxidant capacity analysis
Authors: Feyzollahi Zeinab , Hassanpoor Mahdiye , Orouji Afsaneh , Hormozi-Nezhad Mohammad Reza
Published: December 2024

This study presents a multi-colorimetric plasmonic nanostructure probe for salivary TAC evaluation. Combining colorimetric sensing with pattern recognition and regression analysis enables precise antioxidant identification and quantification.
Structural modification of hydroxyborates by adjusting the number of shared oxygen atoms and hydroxyl groups for further performance enhancement
Authors: Ma Xiaoqin , Zhao Xinjun , Zhang Qianzhen , Long Xifa , Yang Yun
Published: December 2024

The structure of hydroxyborates is optimized by adjusting the number of hydroxyl groups and oxygen atoms to enhance their properties.
An electrospray-active N-heterocyclic carbene ligand for real-time analysis of organometallic reactions
Authors: Killeen Charles , Oliver Allen G. , McIndoe J. Scott
Published: December 2024

An N-heterocyclic carbene containing a pendant triphenylphosphonium group is an excellent new charge-tagged ligand for mass spectrometry.
Camel milk extracellular vesicles/exosomes: a fascinating frontier in isolation and therapeutic potential
Authors: Badawy Abdelnaser A. , El-Hofey Salma M. , Shaban Amira M. , Orif Sahar E. , Uyanıkgil Yiğit , El-Magd Mohammed A.
Published: December 2024

Camel milk has a unique composition that sets it apart from other types of animal milk, which has captured the interest of medical and scientific communities.
Aqueous phase synthesis and electronic spectroscopy of nanostructured layered double hydroxides
Authors: Piccinni Marco , Rossi Christian , Colombara Diego , Bonaccorso Francesco
Published: December 2024

Herein, we proposed a green synthetic route based on coordination chemistry to produce nanostructured layered double hydroxides (LDHs).
Harvesting ionic power from a neutralization reaction through a heterogeneous graphene oxide membrane
Authors: Liu Pei , Zhou Teng , Yang Linsen , Li Xin , Jiang Lei , Wen Liping
Published: December 2024

A heterogeneous pnGO based nanofluidic system for high-performance ionic power generation was developed. The inherent asymmetric charge and neutralization reaction contribute to the improved ion transport and improve the energy conversion.
Substrate NOBINAc ligand affinity for PdII-catalyzed enantioselective C–H activation over reactive β-C–H bonds in ferrocenyl amines
Authors: Parganiha Devendra , Thorat Raviraj Ananda , Dhumale Ashwini Dilip , Upadhyay Yagya Dutt , Jha Raushan Kumar , Raju Saravanan , Kumar Sangit
Published: December 2024

Ferrocenyl amines as directing groups for C–H activation have limitations as they are prone to undergo oxidation, allylic deamination, and β-hydride elimination.
A recyclable dynamic semiconducting polymer consisting of Pauli-paramagnetic diradicaloids promoted and stabilized by catechol–boron coordination
Authors: Mu Youbing , Xiong Chenxi , Cui Minghui , Sun Mingxu , Chen Xinyu , Xiao Biao , Sang Hongqian , Wang Zhenxing , Liu Hangxu , Lan Zhenggang , Song You , Wan Xiaobo
Published: December 2024

A novel dynamic covalent polymer, which is both electrically conductive and Pauli paramagnetic, is synthesized via catechol–boron coordination and proved to be consisting of alternating indigo and indigo diradicaloid units.
Nickel model complexes to mimic carbon monoxide dehydrogenase reactions
Authors: Yoo Changho , Choi Jonghoon , Lee Yunho
Published: December 2024

Nickel model complexes inspired by CODH active sites offer crucial insights into CO2/CO interconversion mechanisms, guiding the development of efficient and selective synthetic catalysts for CO2 conversion.
Synthesis of fluorine-containing bicyclo[4.1.1]octenes via photocatalyzed defluorinative (4 + 3) annulation of bicyclo[1.1.0]butanes with gem-difluoroalkenes
Authors: Zhang Kuan , Gao Zhengyang , Xia Yan , Li Pengfei , Gao Pin , Duan Xin-Hua , Guo Li-Na
Published: December 2024

This manuscript presents a photoredox-catalyzed defluorinative (4 + 3) annulation of bicyclo[1.1.0]butanes with gem-difluoroalkenes, providing practical and straightforward access to the fluorine-containing bicyclo[4.1.1]octenes.
Vacuum preparation of charge transport layers for perovskite solar cells and modules
Authors: Luo Tian , Liu Lu , Du Minyong , Wang Kai , Liu Shengzhong
Published: December 2024

This review examines various vacuum deposition techniques utilized for the fabrication of charge transport layers (CTLs) in perovskite solar cells and modules, providing an analysis of the advantages, limitations, and thin film characteristics.
Highly flexible GO–polyurethane solid–solid phase change composite materials for efficient photothermal conversion and thermal energy storage
Authors: Li Linxun , Peng Jing , Wang Li , Lai Jingjuan , Zhao Chunxia , Xiang Dong , Li Hui , Yan Guilong , Li Zhenyu , Wu Yuanpeng
Published: December 2024

A linearly crosslinked solid–solid phase change polyurethane network was developed. It has excellent enthalpy of melting and flexibility. It also exhibits excellent photothermal conversion efficiency after adding GO.
SnS2/covalent organic framework S-scheme heterostructures for photocatalytic water splitting: insights from ground-state properties and nonadiabatic excited-state dynamics
Authors: Tang Yue , Wang Yipeng , Cheng Xinlu , Zhang Hong
Published: December 2024

SnS2/COF3 is a promising photocatalyst for water splitting. Excited-state carrier dynamics simulations show that compressive strain can further enhance its photocatalytic performance.
Emerging biosensing platforms based on metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) for detection of exosomes as diagnostic cancer biomarkers: case study for the role of the MOFs
Authors: Mansouri Sofiene
Published: December 2024

The different roles of MOFs as carriers, labels, electrode modifiers, and fluorescence quenchers for the detection of exosomes are discussed.
Dynamical evolution of massless particles in star clusters with NBODY6++GPU-MASSLESS
Authors: Flammini Dotti F. , Kouwenhoven M. B. N. , Berczik P. , Shu Q. , Spurzem R.
Published: December 2024

Context. Low-mass bodies, such as comets, asteroids, planetesimals, and free-floating planets, are continuously injected into the intra-cluster environment after expulsion from their host planetary systems. These objects can be modelled as massless particles (MLPs). Notably, the dynamics of large populations of MLPs have received little attention in the literature.

Aims. We investigate the dynamical evolution of MLP populations in star clusters and characterise their kinematics and ejection rates.

Methods. We present NBODY6++GPU-MASSLESS, a modified version of the N-body simulation code NBODY6++GPU that allows for fast integration of star clusters that contain large numbers of MLPs. NBODY6++GPU-MASSLESS contains routines specifically directed at the dynamical evolution of low-mass bodies, such as planets.

Results. Unlike stars, MLPs do not participate in the mass segregation process. Instead, MLPs mostly follow the gravitational potential of the star cluster, which gradually decreases over time due to stellar ejections and stellar evolution. The dynamical evolution of MLPs is primarily affected by the evolution of the core of the star cluster. This is most apparent in the outer regions for clusters with higher initial densities. High escape rates of MLPs are observed before the core collapse, after which escape rates remain stable. Denser star clusters undergo a more intense core collapse, but this does not impact the dynamical evolution of MLPs. We find the speeds of escaping stars are similar to those of escaping MLPs when disregarding the high-velocity ejections of neutron stars during the first 50 Myr.
Chemical Evolution of R-process Elements in Stars (CERES)
Authors: Alencastro Puls Arthur , Kuske Jan , Hansen Camilla Juul , Lombardo Linda , Visentin Giorgio , Arcones Almudena , Fernandes de Melo Raphaela , Reichert Moritz , Bonifacio Piercarlo , Caffau Elisabetta , Fritzsche Stephan
Published: December 2024

Context. The third r-process peak (Os, Ir, Pt) is poorly understood due to observational challenges, with spectral lines located in the blue or near-ultraviolet region of stellar spectra. These challenges need to be overcome for a better understanding of the r-process in a broader context.

Aims. To understand how the abundances of the third r-process peak are synthesised and evolve in the Universe, it is necessary to carry out a homogeneous chemical analysis of metal-poor stars using high-quality data observed in the blue region of the electromagnetic spectrum (<400 nm). We provide a homogeneous set of abundances for the third r-process peak (Os, Ir, Pt) and Hf, increasing their availability in the literature by up to one order of magnitude.

Methods. We performed a classical 1D, local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) analysis of four elements (Hf, Os, Ir, Pt) using ATLAS model atmospheres to fit synthetic spectra on high signal-to-noise-ratio spectra of 52 red giants observed with UVES/VLT in high resolution (>40,000). Due to the heavy line blending involved, we carefully determined upper limits and uncertainties. The observational results are compared with state-of-the-art nucleosynthesis models.

Results. Our sample displays larger abundances of Ir (Z=77) in comparison to Os (Z=76), both of which have been measured in a few stars in the past. The results also suggest decoupling between the abundances of third r-process peak elements with respect to Eu (a rare earth element) in Eu-poor stars. This seems to contradict a co-production scenario of Eu and the third r-process peak elements Os, Ir, and Pt in the progenitors of these objects. Our results are challenging to explain from a nucleosynthetic point of view: the observationally derived abundances indicate the need for an additional early, primary formation channel (or a non-robust r-process).
Finite difference time domain discretization for room acoustic simulation based on the non-linear Euler equations
Authors: Hölter Arne , Weinzierl Stefan , Lemke Mathias
Published: December 2024

In comparison to geometric acoustics, wave-based simulation techniques in the time domain have a much higher degree of accuracy. Latest modeling techniques like immersed boundaries reduce modeling effort significantly. This paper aims to present and discuss the use of techniques for first-order partial differential (non-linear) Euler equations in finite-difference time-domain simulations for room acoustic applications. This includes the governing equations, spatial and temporal discretization schemes, filtering schemes, and boundary conditions. All methods are fully parallelizable and mostly known from computational aeroacoustics. They are analyzed with respect to their dispersion and stability behavior as well as their computational efficiency. They are proven in a cubic room with rigid boundaries. Finally, a volume penalization method is used to mimic real impedance boundary conditions in benchmark cases for room acoustic simulations to demonstrate the transferability to real-world scenarios.
Blockchain’s Impact on Morocco’s Financial Sector: Opportunities and Challenges
Authors: Asly Ishaq , Essabbar Driss
Published: December 2024

The adoption of emerging technologies in the finance industry, such as blockchain, promises to provide new perspectives on data security and business processes. This advanced innovation paves the way for unprecedented financial and organizational optimization, transforming not only processes and structures, but also fundamental paradigms of trust and knowledge. The financial industry faces numerous challenges in combating fraud and embezzlement, due to the complexity and scale of its operations. Therefore, the infrastructure provided by the blockchain system helps reduce costs related to intermediaries, enhances security, and improves trust between stakeholders, thanks to the principle of decentralization and the immutability of its ledger. Furthermore, this technological revolution offers financial actors the ability to create new services and solutions in order to meet the needs of several business activities, especially those with complex supply chains. A perfect use of it, will certainly develop the standards of this industry and stimulate innovative economic growth. Although the blockchain offers substantial opportunities for the financial sector, its potential can only be fully achieved with adequate regulatory support, as a way to steer the system toward a more digital and inclusive economy. After a presentation of blockchain technology and its mode of operation, we will be focusing on its potential in finance and how it might provide creative accounting and financial management solutions.
Leveraging AI for Enhanced Operational Risk Management in Sports Events
Authors: Jibraili Malak , Rharib Abderrahim , Jibraili Zineb
Published: December 2024

This article explores the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into operational risk management at sporting events. It highlights the major advances brought about by AI, particularly in managing crowd safety, optimising logistics flows, and improving ticketing and procurement systems. However, challenges remain, such as the reliability of the technologies deployed, real-time incident management, and stakeholder resistance to change. The article uses semi-structured interviews with international experts to gather informed perspectives on current and future applications of AI in this field. The results reveal that, although AI offers many opportunities to minimise operational failures, concerns remain about the complexity of algorithms and the management of real-time data. Despite these obstacles, the paper concludes that future prospects are promising, with potential innovations such as the automation of critical processes and the prediction of operational incidents.
Energy Efficiency in Smart Buildings through Prediction modeling and Optimization Using a Modified Whale Optimization Algorithm
Authors: El Assri Nasima , Ennejjar Mohammed , Jallal Mohammed Ali , Chabaa Samira , Zeroual Abdelouhab
Published: December 2024

This paper presents a comparative study on the prediction of energy consumption in buildings using machine learning techniques. The dataset encompasses a diverse range of buildings with 8 input features and one output variable, representing the energy consumption. The primary focus is on evaluating the performance of two prominent and widely-used machine learning algorithms: Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) and Random Forest (RF). The results indicate a promising predictive capacity of both models, showcasing their effectiveness in capturing intricate patterns within the dataset. In the case of ANN, the Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) is reported at 3.806, demonstrating the model's ability to approximate the true energy consumption values. Furthermore, the Random Forest model exhibits enhanced predictive accuracy, as reflected by a lower RMSE of 1.392. In addition to predictive analysis, this study utilizes a Modified Whale Optimization Algorithm (MWOA) to optimize energy consumption. The MWOA helps to identify the associated input values that lead to the lowest possible energy consumption, providing valuable insights for energy-efficient building design. The implications of this research extend to the broader field of sustainable architecture and urban planning, paving the way for more informed decisions aimed at reducing energy consumption and fostering environmental sustainability.
Improving Health Through Indoor Environmental Quality Monitoring: A Review of Data-Driven Models and Smart Sensor Innovations
Authors: Kidari Rachid , Tilioua Amine
Published: December 2024

An important factor affecting building inhabitants’ comfort, well-being, and productivity is the quality of the indoor environment. There is a lot of promise in using artificial intelligence to manage environmental quality. AI offers a more effective and proactive method of improving indoor air quality and occupant well-being by predicting, monitoring, and regulating thermal comfort levels and lowering indoor pollution. The present study reviews recent scientific work on monitoring and improving indoor environmental quality (IEQ), focusing on the use of statistical learning models and smart sensor technology. Machine learning has been shown to effectively detect office occupancy using environmental measurements, improving energy efficiency and occupant comfort. Other research has successfully reconstructed indoor temperature profiles, essential for optimizing heating, ventilation and air-conditioning systems. Comprehensive reviews of air quality modeling in urban environments focus on the integration of advanced modeling techniques into urban planning. Studies on smart sensors for real-time monitoring of indoor air quality (IAQ) in various types of buildings demonstrate their potential for improving IAQ and thermal comfort. These studies underline the importance of data-driven approaches and intelligent systems in meeting the challenges of indoor environmental quality management. Future research should focus on integrating these technologies into intelligent building systems to improve energy efficiency, air quality and occupant comfort. Numerous cutting-edge deep learning techniques, including convolutional neural networks (CNNs), long short-term memory networks (LSTMs), decision trees (DTs), support vector machines (SVMs), artificial neural networks (ANNs), and deep neural networks (DNNs), are incorporated into the hybrid framework. Combining these methods improves the framework’s capacity to precisely process and examine intricate patterns of data.
Enhanced 12-Lead ECG Reconstruction from Single-Lead Data Using WaveNet
Authors: Et-Tousy Jamal , Et-Tousy Said , Ait El Aouad Soufiane , Zyane Abdellah
Published: December 2024

The Electrocardiogram (ECG) is a fundamental tool in clinical practice for diagnosing a variety of heart conditions. Traditional ECG systems require a complete set of 12 leads collected in a clinical environment, which can be time-consuming and costly. Recent advancements in wearable technology, such as smartwatches, allow for the collection of ECG signals in a more convenient manner, but typically only provide a single lead. This paper presents a novel approach to reconstructing the full 12-lead ECG from a single lead using WaveNet. The WaveNet model offers flexibility in handling signal segments of varying durations, while exceling in capturing complex data dependencies. Our models achieve superior performance in terms of signal reconstruction quality, demonstrated by a significant improvement in Pearson correlation coefficients, RMSE and SSIM. This work paves the way for more accessible and cost-effective ECG diagnostics, potentially revolutionizing cardiac care with wearable devices.
Artificial intelligence in healthcare: A focus on the best practices
Authors: Haddiya Intissar , Ramdani Sara
Published: December 2024

The healthcare sector is undergoing a significant transformation driven by Artificial Intelligence (AI). AI applications in clinical practice offer a multitude of benefits for patient care, including earlier and more accurate diagnoses, personalized treatment planning, and improved access to information through virtual assistants. However, alongside this potential, challenges and ethical considerations remain. Data privacy, algorithmic bias, transparency of AI decision-making, and responsible use are crucial areas that require careful attention. Our presentation emphasizes the importance of establishing robust best practices within healthcare institutions and fostering collaboration among clinicians, data scientists, patients, and policymakers. Through careful consideration and ongoing refinement of AI technologies, we can leverage its potential to improve patient outcomes while upholding ethical standards and public health priorities.
A New Enhanced Microstrip Patch Antenna with Circular Polarization for mobile applications
Authors: Ait Lahcen Abdelilah , Chabaa Samira , Ibnyaich Saida , Zeroual Abdelouhab
Published: December 2024

This study shows an enhanced octagonal circularly polarized (CP) patch antenna, This one appropriate for mobile applications, such as wireless applications, especially for WIMAX, and 5G mid-band. A single-port excitation approach is utilized to obtain the intended outcome. The substrate used is Rogers RT/duroid 5880 with a relative permittivity of 2.2 and a low loss tangent (0.0009). The antenna’s dimensions are optimized with the final design measuring 32 × 35 × 1.67 mm3. To generate the circular polarization a square slot is cuted, and two stubs are inserted in the opposite corners of the ground plane. A good result is achieved, for the reflection coefficient, we have a bandwidth (< -10 dB) of 1.29 GHz (2.8 GHz-4.09 GHz) and the bandwidth of the Axial ratio (AR) below 3 dB is 500 MHz (3.33 GHz−3.83 GHz). (CST) and (HFSS) softwares were used to calculate all obtained results. This microstrip antenna has a tiny dimension, it is simple to fabricate and has a lightweight, it has high performance, such as a wide band of the reflection coefficient of 1.29 GHz, also, its circular polarization makes it ideal for mobile applications, particularly WIMAX and 5G mid-band.
Design and Optimization of a Multiband Extra Wideband Ring Patch Antenna for 5G mm-Wave Communication at 28/60/80 GHz Using MLPNN based K-fold cross validation method
Authors: Sellak Lahcen , Khabba Asma , Amadid Jamal , Chabaa Samira , Ibnyaich Saida , Zeroual Abdelouhab
Published: December 2024

In this paper, we present the design of an innovative Ultra-Wideband (UWB) ring patch antenna customized for 28 GHz, 60 GHz and 80 GHz and 5G mm-Wave communication. The antenna features a ring patch with an embedded small rectangular patch and a partial ground plane. To optimize the antenna dimensions for resonance at 28 GHz, 60 GHz, and 80 GHz, a Multilayer Perceptron Neural Network (MLPNN) was employed with a k-fold cross-validation technique. Simulation results demonstrate that the MLPNN-optimized antenna achieves superior performance metrics, including a low reflection coefficient, efficient radiation patterns, and a wide bandwidth of 13.2 GHz at 28 GHz and an extended bandwidth of 53 GHz spanning from 47 GHz to 100 GHz. These characteristics highlight its potential as a robust solution for next-generation 5G communication systems.
Optimization and Performance Enhancement of a Miniaturized Rectangular Patch Antenna with Slotted Ground Plane Using Ant Colony Algorithm
Authors: Bahlaouane Ibtissam , Belhabib Abdelfettah , Ibnyaich Saida , Zeroual Abdelouhab
Published: December 2024

This paper introduces a new approach for miniaturizing a rectangular patch antenna to achieve a resonant frequency of 2.45 GHz using the Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) algorithm. Initially, the antenna is designed using conventional methods and then the ground plane structure is optimized by introducing slots using ACO algorithm. The targeted resonant frequency of 2.45 GHz is achieved through an appropriate fitness function. The ACO algorithm is employed to design the optimal shape of the ground plane, resulting in a 50.9% miniaturization rate. The proposed antenna, with dimension of 37.6×33.04×1.6 mm3, will be useful for wireless applications such as Wi-Fi and Bluetooth.
Development of an Intelligent Communication Platform for Remote Practical Work in Education: Integrating AR, VR, and Cloud Technologies
Authors: El Gourari Abdelali , Ezzini Mustapha , Raoufi Mustapha , Skouri Mohammed , Achki Samira , Ait Lahcen Yassine , Mouachi Raja
Published: December 2024

This paper presents the development of an intelligent communication platform designed for Remote Practical Works (RPWs) in educational settings. The platform addresses the increasing need for accessible and participatory practical learning solutions in the context of distance education. By utilizing augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR), cloud computing, and machine learning, it bridges the gap between theoretical knowledge and hands-on application to enhance student engagement and learning outcomes. Key features include real-time collaboration, personalized learning experiences, and seamless access to virtual labs, all supported by robust cybersecurity measures and scalable infrastructure. The platform integrates with existing learning management systems (LMS) to provide a flexible and secure learning environment. A systematic development process, guided by user feedback, ensures continuous improvement and alignment with educational goals.
Solvent solutions: comparing extraction methods for edible oils and proteins in a changing regulatory landscape. Part 1: Physical-properties
Authors: Carré Patrick , Berthold Sebastian , Piofczyk Thomas , Bothe Sarah , Hadjiali Sara
Published: December 2024

In the context of potential regulatory changes, this study compares the properties of various solvents for the extraction of edible oils. The solvents considered are hexane isomers, alcohols, ketones, ethyl acetate, dichloromethane and 2-methyloxolane. The study presents a detailed table of physical properties for each solvent, including boiling point, density, vapour pressure, flash point and miscibility with water. It also addresses chemical stability, reactivity and potential interactions of these solvents with oilseeds. Particular attention is given to solvent-substrate interactions measured by Hansen solubility parameter. Normal hexane and its isomers show high affinity for neutral lipids, a lesser one for polar lipids and fair selectivity for non-lipids. Due to their hydroxyl group, alcohols (methanol, ethanol, isopropanol) exhibit only a modest affinity for non-polar lipids, though this affinity increases with the number of carbon atoms in the alcohol molecule. They demonstrate a higher efficacy in extracting polar lipids; however, this extraction process also extends to numerous non-lipidic molecules. Ketones (acetone, MEK) offer a balance, with theoretically good affinity for both polar and non-polar lipids, although in practice they do not dissolve phospholipids. Ethyl acetate shows good solvent power for various lipids, its ester group being found in most of lipid molecules. Dichloromethane is a good solvent for lipids in general but raises potential safety concerns. 2-Methyloxolane is noted for its ability to efficiently extract both polar and non-polar lipids, offering a potential compromise between hexane-like and more polar solvents however, it is potentially hindered by its price and its limited availability.
Protocole innovant combinant des cales rétro canines de déprogrammation neuro-musculaires et un système de distalisation molaire dans la gestion de la classe II
Authors: de Papé Romain
Published: December 2024

L’ objectif de cet article est de décrire le traitement d’un patient adulte ayant bénéficié d’un protocole innovant combinant des cales rétro canines de déprogrammation neuro-musculaire et un système de distalisation molaire le Motion CarriereTM. Ce protocole a pour intérêt de limiter les effets parasites connus du Motion CarriereTM et d’optimiser, par le contrôle du plan d’occlusion, la correction du sens vertical et le contrôle du sens transversal pendant la correction sagittale de la classe II dentaire.
Le laser diode : dépose des brackets en céramique
Authors: Pourrat Frank , Sorel Olivier
Published: December 2024

Chaque fois que nous déposons des attaches en céramique, qu’elles soient monoou polycristallines, nous sommes confrontés à des risques iatrogènes comme les fêlures, les factures, les arrachements des prismes de l’émail, les hyperhémies pulpaires ou l’ingestion et l’inhalation de bris de céramique. Le laser diode peut minimiser grandement ces risques par son effet sur l’affaiblissement de l’adhérence du composite résine dans l’interface émail-bracket sans pour autant élever la température pulpaire ni porter atteinte à la santé de la dent.
Research and Practice on the Training Model of High-Skilled Talents for Intelligent Buildings in the Context of China’s Modernization
Authors: Li Xingqing , Wang Zhibing , Yang Runfeng , Yang Kai , Jin Minqi
Published: December 2024

Guided by the spirit of the 20th National Congress, and oriented towards the digital transformation of education and the development of regional industries, this study revolves around the three major strategic tasks of “provincial modern vocational education system, municipal industry-education community, and industry-education integration community.” Addressing the shortcomings of existing educational models, which often lack the flexibility and industry alignment required for modern economic demands, this paper leverages digital technology, interdisciplinary integration, and the construction of an alumni economy to deepen the integration of “four chains” and optimize the mechanism and implementation path for the innovative talent training model of high-skilled personnel in smart construction. The research results indicate that this approach not only enhances alumni engagement but also innovates the model of high-skilled talent cultivation. Moreover, by integrating industry needs directly into the educational process, it improves the quality of skill talent cultivation.
Application analysis of MBTI occupational personality types in classroom group project teaching
Authors: Zongyi Zhang
Published: December 2024

In this paper, the project teaching reform is carried out in the course of “Production Logistics”, and it is found that in the project teaching activities, the personality composition of the group members has a great impact on the effect and achievement of the project activities. Therefore, this paper uses MyersBriggs Type Indicator(For short MBTl ) professional personality test to investigate the students, obtain the overall distribution of the vocational personality types of the students, and compare the achievement differences of different professional personalities. Analyze the influence of different professional personalities of team members on the achievement of project-based courses. By analyzing theinfluence of different professional personalities of group members on project-based courseactivities, the following conclusions are drawn: lNFP is the most common type of studentpersonality type, ESFl is the least. lNFl and ENFl students have better grades, ET type students havea stronger willingness to be group leaders, while EF type students have a better willingness to begroup leaders; in terms of the composition of group members, the more complex the type, whenthe proportion of certain personality type is about50%, the group performance isrelatively bette.
Exploration and practice of project-based blended teaching mode based on OBE-CDIO concepts-example of “Project Planning and Control”
Authors: Yuming Huang , Ningze Gao , Yang Zhang , Fei Cao
Published: December 2024

At present, there is a discrepancy between the overall goal of cultivating applied talents in the context of new engineering disciplines and the social demand, which leads to the problems of unimpressive student learning outcomes and low employment rate caused by the single traditional teaching mode. Based on the the educational philosophy of OBE (Outcome based education) and CDIO (Conceive--Design-Implement-Operate), this paper toke the course of “Project Planning and Control” in Henan University of Economics and Law as an example, and adopt the blended course mode of combining project task-driven and round table seminar to carry out the teaching reform of the course, which has the The design of four modular teaching contents, the construction of teaching method(70% of concentrated lectures and 30% of immersion seminars) and evaluation system were finnaly conpleted. so that students could improve their professionalism and practical application ability in real work tasks and professional scenarios, and complete the initial exploration of the comprehensive education path of “policy, position, course, competition and certificate”.
Promoting music intervention training in oncology in China: Challenges, opportunities, and pathways forward
Authors: Nie Juan , He Ying-Lan
Published: December 2024

Accumulating evidence confirms the effects of music-based interventions in alleviating the psychological burdens of cancer patients. However, the implementation and accessibility of such interventions within healthcare facilities for cancer patients in China remains limited. This article argues that the shortage of positions and the lack of formal career pathways for music therapists impede the wider application of music interventions. Although health professionals show great interest in implementing this emerging intervention, they often lack the foundational knowledge and essential skills, which diminishes its effectiveness. This viewpoint calls for tailored training that equips health professionals with basic skills to practice basic music interventions at a supportive level to satisfy patient care needs while promoting ongoing collaboration between medical personnel and credentialed music therapists. It also advocates for increased investment in music therapists, standardized clinical procedures, and sustainable financial resources to accelerate the integration of music-based interventions into healthcare practices.
Übergewicht und Adipositas in der Geburtshilfe
Authors: Lia Massimiliano , Stepan Holger , Aktas Bahriye
Published: December 2024

Übergewicht oder Adipositas können die Schwangerschaft in zahlreichen Aspekten
beeinflussen. Über die Risikoerhöhung für Präeklampsie, Gestationsdiabetes oder
Makrosomie führt Adipositas nicht nur zu einem erhöhten Aufwand bei der
Schwangerschaftsbetreuung, sondern beeinflusst auch direkt deren Ausgang.
Zusätzlich erhöht eine zurückliegende bariatrische Operation die Risiken für die
Schwangerschaft, indem ein solcher Eingriff einen Nährstoffmangel durch
Malabsorption verursachen oder bei einer internen Herniation sogar
lebensgefährlich werden kann. Übergewicht und insbesondre Adipositas führen
durch deren Risiken und Auswirkungen auf die Schwangerschaft zu einer häufigeren
Indikation einer Geburtseinleitung und einer höheren Rate an
Schnittentbindungen. Somit muss die Betreuung bei einer adipösen Schwangeren in
vielen Aspekten angepasst werden und eventuell auch ein Perinatalzentrum in
diese involviert werden. Zuletzt ist auch unter der Geburt eine entsprechende
Expertise von großer Bedeutung, da sowohl eine Anästhesie als auch operative
Maßnahmen bei ausgeprägter Adipositas herausfordernd sein können.
The Fate of the DAIR, Outcomes after 1 Year: A Large Database Study
Authors: Grant Andrew R. , Nin Darren Z. , Chen Ya-Wen , Niu Ruijia , Esantsi Michael , Talmo Carl T. , Hollenbeck Brian L. , Chang David C. , Mattingly David A. , Smith Eric L.
Published: December 2024

Debridement with antibiotics and implant retention (DAIR) is commonly utilized for treatment of prosthetic joint infection (PJI) in total knee arthroplasty (TKA), particularly in cases of acute PJI. Reported success rates of DAIR have been highly variable, but the overall success rate of DAIR cohort studies is approximately 70 to 80%. However, no large database studies have investigated the success rate of DAIR. Therefore, we seek to provide a framework for large-database analysis of PJI interventions and their outcomes and to assess the success rate of DAIR. We queried the MarketScan Database for patients who underwent a DAIR (CPT 27310 and/or CPT 27486) procedure for indication of PJI (ICD-10 T84.53 OR T84.54) between January 1, 2017 and December 31, 2021. We identified reoperations (i.e., stage 1 revision, amputation, or arthrodesis) indicating failure of DAIR. Failure of DAIR treatment was defined by subsequent reoperation. We also identified prescriptions of suppression antibiotics more than 6 months after DAIR. We identified 1,018 patients who underwent a DAIR procedure for PJI. Of these patients, 195 (19.2%) underwent reoperation within 1 year and an additional 178 (17.5%) were prescribed suppressive antibiotics. For 780 patients with a minimum of 2 years of follow-up, 164 (21%) underwent reoperation and an additional 179 (22.9%) were prescribed suppressive antibiotics. Patients with obesity and patients younger than 60 years had significantly higher rates of having reoperation or suppressive antibiotics at 1 year following DAIR. DAIR is a viable option in the treatment of PJI, with an approximately 19% rate of reoperation at 2 years. Our findings are consistent with that of previously published literature.