bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Pink Ball in Cricket: A Call to Investigate the Impact of Ball-Colour on Visual-Motor Behaviour
Authors: Sarpeshkar Vishnu , Dhawan Aishwar
Published: July 2018

The sport of cricket has recently undergone a unique transformation with the introduction of day-night test cricket, where the traditional red ball has been substituted with a fluorescent pink ball. Although the concept continues to gain popularity among the wider population, there are growing concerns regarding the visibility of the fast-moving ball along with seemingly little knowledge on how ball-colour may influence the visual-motor behaviour of the players. This paper seeks to highlight some of these concerns by exploring how the pink colour may influence colour contrast and perception, and visual perception. By better understanding the influence of ball-colour on visual-motor behaviour, sporting administrators and researchers alike can work towards further progressing the sport without impacting player safety and/or performance.
Concurrent validity and test-retest reliability of the barbell hip-thrust exercise
Authors: Iacono Antonio Dello , Padulo Johnny , Bešlija Tea , Halperin Israel
Published: July 2018

Purpose: The barbell hip thrust (BHT) exercise is growing in popularity as evident by the large increase in research outputs investigating its utility as a training intervention and a testing tool. The aim of this study was to examine the concurrent validity and test-retest reliability of the BHT for the first time. Methods: To establish concurrent validity, the peak force and power measured with the BHT force-velocity profile test of 49 handball athletes, were correlated with peak concentric force of the knee-flexors and hip-extensors measured with an isokinetic device at two different velocities. Test-retest reliability was established by correlating the peak force and power measured with the BHT force-velocity profile test of 20 handball athletes on two separate days. Results: The relationships between the isokinetic testing scores and the BHT force-velocity profile tests were moderate to strong (Pearson r ranges: 0.45-0.86). Test-retest reliability of the BHT force-velocity profile was very high as shown with intra-class correlations of 0.94 and 0.99 for peak force and 0.97 and 0.99 for peak power measures. Conclusion: The BHT force-velocity profile can serve as a tentative substitute in cases that athletes do not have access to an isokinetic device given the moderate to strong correlations between them. Moreover, the BHT force-velocity profile was shown to be very reliable thus providing coaches and scientists a range of day-to-day performance variability in this exercise.
Technical-tactical preparation of Austrian judoka at the Austrian national championships and the number of associated injuries
Authors: Handler Michael , Moser Markus , Toca-Herrera Jose , Burtscher Martin
Published: July 2018

Background & study aimThe first Austrian Judo championships took place in 1947. Since then there hasn’t been any scientific literature about technical, tactical or physical preparation about the participants. In addition, there hasn’t been any trauma statistics of Austrian tournaments either. Some scientific studies describe Judo associated injuries on Olympic or international level, but how gentle is the “gentle way”? Are there any associations between techniques and injuries?Material & methodsIn order to perform this research audiovisual records of the “care system” of all medal fights during the Austrian Judo championships of 2014 and 2015 were analyzed. For 2014 the judo associated injuries were classified by video analysis by a medical doctor. For 2015 they were documented by medical doctors who treated the injuries during the competition time (mat doctors). SPSS was used for statistics. The significance level for the difference of the number of medical intervention dependent on the sex of the fighter was determined at p<0,1 by Chi-square test. ResultsThe number of fight interruptions because due to injuries for men and women was analyzed. They were 15 out of 84 for men and 4 out of 54 for women. The Chi-square value (p<0.1) showed significant difference. The percentage of injuries were 18% for men and 7% for women, respectively. Bronze medal fights needed more medical interventions than gold ones.ConclusionIt seems that gender determines the fighting style and also the risk of an injury. The high rate of hand and finger injuries shows the importance of the grip fight.
STUDENT AFFAIRS ADMINISTRATORS’ UNDERSTANDING OF MOTIVATIONS TO ATTAIN A DOCTORATE IN HIGHER EDUCATION ADMINISTRATION
Authors: Binion Matthew
Published: July 2018

Students are motivated to pursue education for various reasons and understanding those motivations can help administrators and faculty better serve graduate students who choose to participate in doctoral studies. This study analyzed qualitative data in an effort to better understand how student affairs administrators perceived their motivations while discerning doctoral study in the field of Higher Education Administration (HEA). This study used Self Determination Theory (SDT) as a framework for understanding how motivational factors influence students to participate in doctoral education. The results showed that there existed four major themes that described the participants experience with considering pursuing a doctorate in HEA; Professional, Personal and Dual Role Motivations, and Environmental Factors. As a result, the findings suggest that changes in how doctoral education is promoted and encouraged, the importance of the doctorate as a credential as well as creating communities of support can help to increase doctorate representation in the area of Higher Education Administration.
Syncretism or Superimposition: An Analysis of the Devil in "The Original Folk and Fairy Tales of the Brothers Grimm"
Authors: Stachnik Tiffany M.
Published: July 2018

Since their first full publication in 1815, the folk and fairy tales of the Brothers Grimm have provided a means of studying the rich oral traditions of Germany. The Grimm brothers indicated time and time again in their personal notes that the oral traditions found in their folk and fairy tales included symbols, characters, and themes belonging to pre-Christian Germanic culture, as well as to the firmly Christian German states from which they collected their folk and fairy tales. The blending of pre-Christian Germanic culture with Christian, German traditions is particularly salient in the figure of the devil, despite the fact that the devil is arguably one of the most popular Christian figures to date. Through an exploration of the phylogenetic analyses of the Grimm’s tales featuring the devil, connections between the devil in the Grimm’s tales and other German or Germanic tales, and Christian and Germanic symbolism, this study demonstrates that the devil in the Grimm’s tales is an embodiment of syncretism between Christian and pre-Christian traditions. This syncretic devil is not only consistent with the history of religious transformation in Germany, which involved the slow blending of elements of Germanic paganism and Christianity, but also points to a greater theme of syncretism between the cultural traditions of Germany and other nations worldwide.
Involuntary attentional orienting to counterproductive exogenous cues
Authors: Evens Sarina , Pourtois Gilles , Schettino Antonio
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACT: In the literature, there is an ongoing debate regarding the nature of attentional orienting towards non-reportable exogenous cues. Some argue that even though bottom-up orienting can occur towards conscious stimuli, it is consistently modulated by endogenous factors in the case of unconscious stimuli. This would suggest that there may be no purely exogenous shifts of attention towards unconscious stimuli. In this thesis, we set out to provide compelling evidence for an automatic nature of attentional orienting towards non-reportable cues, independent from endogenous factors (e.g., attentional task set). To investigate this, an experiment employing the temporal order judgement (TOJ) paradigm was conducted, in which two line gratings of opposite orientation were presented on each side of a fixation, separated by various stimulus onset asynchronies (SOAs). Participants were required to report the orientation of the line grating that was presented first. In two-thirds of the trials, a non-reportable exogenous cue was presented on the opposite location of the first line grating, making it counterproductive to attend to the cue. Cue awareness was assessed in addition to performance on the TOJ task. Data were analysed using parametric and non-parametric procedures, supplemented by Bayes factor analyses. Results from these procedures converged in showing a robust bias towards the cued line gratings, suggesting that bottom-up orienting towards non-reportable exogenous cues occurs independently from attentional task set.
Imagined Interdependence: Manipulating Discourse Changes How People Construe Interdependence
Authors: Münich Jiří
Published: July 2018

I use experimental psychological methods to test predictions based upon previous discourse analysis. I test whether different discourses used in constructing HIV/AIDS epidemics in Sub-Saharan Africa result in different perceptions of interdependence.
EKSISTENSI TARI RONGGENG BUGIS DI SANGGAR PRINGGADHING PLUMBON CIREBON
Authors: Unnes eprint-sendratasik , Lestari Puji
Published: July 2018

Tari Ronggeng Bugis merupakan tari tradisi yang ada di Kabupaten Cirebon yang pertama kali diangkat menjadi sebuah tari pertunjukan oleh bapak Handoyo (alm). Tari Ronggeng Bugis temasuk tarian jenaka, yang lucu dan menghibur. Berbeda dengan tari Ronggeng lain, tari Ronggeng Bugis ditarikan oleh laki-laki dan bukan ditarikan oleh perempuan. Keberadaan tari Ronggeng Bugis sendiri sudah diakui oleh masyarakat Cirebon kota dan Cirebon barat. Sedangkan di Cirebon timur nama tari Ronggeng Bugis cukup asing dan tidak banyak orang mengetahui salah satu tari tradisi Cirebon tersebut, hal ini dikarenakan kurangnya publikasi tentang tari Ronggeng Bugis di daerah Cirebon timur.Berdasarkan paparan tersebut, masalah penelitian ini adalah bagaimana eksistensi tari Ronggeng Bugis di Sanggar Pringgadhing Plumon Cirebon. Upaya apa saja yang dilakukan untuk menunjukan eksistensi tari Ronggeng Bugis yang ada di Sanggar Pringgadhing. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk dapat mengetahui, dan mendeskripsikan bagaimana eksistensi tari Ronggeng Bugis di Sanggar Pringgadhing Plumbon Cirebon.Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Penelitian kualitatif ini menggunakan Teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi mengenai tempat penelitian dan bentuk pertunjukan tari Ronggeng Bugis, kemudian wawancara dengan beberapa sumber yaitu ketua sanggar, dinas pariwisata dan budaya Kabupaten Cirebon, kepala sekolah, penari, pelatih, dan penonton. dan dokumentasi penelitian maupun dokumentasi peneliti. Teknik analisis data pada penelitian ini dengan mereduksi data yaitu memilih data-data yang penting atau data primer yang kemudian dianalisis sehingga dapat ditarik kesimpulannya.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa tari Ronggeng Bugis di Sanggar Pringgadhing masih eksis dan dikenal oleh masyarakat Cirebon. dengan pembuktian adanya pementasan tari Ronggeng Bugis sampai tahun 2017 ini. Serta adanya kerjasama dengan instansi pemerintahan seperti dinas kebudayaan dan sekolah. Dengan tujuan melestarikan kebudayaan Cirebon dan sebagai sarana pendidikan. Berdasarkan hasil dan pembahasan tersebut maka dikatakan bahwa tari Ronggeng Bugis di Sanggar Pringgadhing Plumbon Cirebon masih eksis. Semoga semua pihak terutama Sanggar Pringgadhing dan Dinas Kebudayaan Daerah setempat dapat lebih menjaga kelestarian dan eksistensi tari Ronggeng Bugis dengan mendokumentasikan secara baik dan membukukan sejarahnya serta mempublikasikan lewat media sosial dan pementasan yang lebih sering termasuk di Cirebon Timur.
On the effect of ATP in long-term depression of the prefrontal cortex
Authors: Guzman Jose
Published: July 2018

Long-term depression (LTD) of the excitatory synaptic responses constitute a cellular model of some types of memory. We found that LTD can be induced in pyramidal cells of the layer 5 in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) under certain specific associative conditions. Low-frequency stimulation at 1Hz paired with a modest postsynaptic depolarization produced LTD of excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs). LTD required the release of glutamate which acted on the postsynaptic group I metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs). However, the unique action of the glutamate neurotransmission was not enough to induce LTD. A simultaneous postsynaptic depolarization to activate the voltage-sensitive Ca2+ channels (VSCCs) was required to produce prefrontal LTD. Accordingly, pharmacological or electricalblockade of VSCCs prevented LTD. The co-activation of both mGluRs producing inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate (InsP3) and VSCCs which provide a rise in Ca2+ at thepostsynaptic dendritic sites converge on the intracellular InsP3 receptors. Thesereceptors release Ca2+ from intracellular stores, which in turn activate the phosphatases calcineurin and PP1 to induce prefrontal LTD.ATP has been shown to exert a variety of modulatory effects in various brain regions through ionotropic (P2X) and metabotropic (P2Y) receptors. As far as the medial prefrontal cortex transmission is concerned, ATP exerts its effect acting preferentially via P2Y receptors, which are located in neuronal and glial cell populations.Activation of P2Y1,12,13 receptors with ADP-beta-S prevented LTD, and this effect wasabolished with the co-application of a specific P2Y1 receptor antagonist. Moreover,the ADP-beta-S blockade of prefrontal LTD was absent in P2Y1 knock-out mice, but not in P2Y2 knock-outs, supporting the role of P2Y1 receptors in the modulation of LTD.ATP released endogenously may affect LTD. The release of ATP can be favored with trains of stimulations at high frequencies (i.e., 100Hz or tetanus). Tetanic stimulation apparently released ATP in the PFC, because cells which did not show LTD during tetanus became plastic under application of P2Y antagonists and presented LTD. Additionally, large amounts of ATP released during an in vitro model of hypoxia were also able to prevent LTD. Similarly, application of a P2Y antagonist during hypoxia in vitro recovered LTD. These two mechanisms represent a way by which endogenous ATP may impair the development of LTD in the PFC through the activation of P2Y receptors and may explain the short period of amnesia characteristic of the cortical oxygen deprivation produced during hypoxia.
Silences and Silos: NATO's implementation of UNSCR 1325
Authors: Wright Katharine A. M.
Published: July 2018

The North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) is the preeminent international security institution spanning Europe and North America. This means that NATO’s engagement with UN Security Council Resolution 1325 on Women, Peace and Security (WPS) is of particular salience to examine. NATO’s role as a ‘teaching machine’ sharing lessons on gender and UNSCR 1325, means the organisation represents a key site for the transfer of learning on the value of the WPS agenda. Despite this, and the wide range of literature examining the implementation of UNSCR 1325, NATO’s implementation of the women, peace and security agenda remains under examined. This thesis contributes a feminist approach to theorising international security institutions, drawing upon an institutional approach to understand how NATO’s gendered organisational structure has contributed to shaping a particular understanding of UNSCR 1325. Notably, the WPS agenda has mapped onto NATO’s long existing concern with the status of women in the military, and UNSCR 1325 has come to be supported, in the military structure, by the existing gender machinery established to support this agenda. The thesis identifies the key actors and drivers involved in NATO’s adoption and implementation of UNSCR 1325. In particular, the central role of partner states has contributed to the framing of the WPS agenda as external to the Alliance, or within a silo, both practically and symbolically. This supports the argument that member and partner states have come to learn the value of UNSCR 1325 as a diplomatic tool and a means of providing influence incommensurate with status. It also challenges notions that NATO is an organisation whose agenda is dictated (solely) by the US. In addition to identifying femocrats operating within NATO, the thesis draws attention to the importance of leadership for driving the agenda, most significantly through the appointment of the NATO Secretary General’s Special Representative on Women, Peace and Security in 2012. The thesis exposes the ‘added value’ of UNSCR 1325 not only for member states, but for NATO. This finds the Resolution valued as a tool to increase operational effectiveness, in part because its adoption was shaped by NATO’s involvement in Afghanistan. NATO’s implementation of UNSCR 1325 has also been utilised by as a public diplomacy tool by NATO, for example, utilising stories of Afghan military women as a ‘good news story’ about NATO’s involvement in Afghanistan.
ANALISISSTRUKTUR GERAK TARI BALADEWAN
Authors: Unnes eprint-sendratasik , Lestari Puji
Published: July 2018

Tari Baladewan memiliki suatu bentuk dari keseluruhan bagian yang tiap bagian sudah bisa dibagi sesuai unsur dan bentuk geraknya. Rumusan masalah yang diambil yaitu bagaimana struktur gerak Tari Baladewan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tata hubungan dalam struktur gerak Tari Baladewan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif yang menggunakan pendekatan struktural untuk mengumpulkan data. Pengumpulan data menggunakan metode wawancara, metode observasi, dan metode dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan teori Adshead yang membagi proses analisis ke dalam empat tahap yaitu mengenali, memahami, menginterpretasi, dan evaluasi.. Teknik pemeriksaan keabsahan data menggunakan teknik triangulasi. Hasil penelitian yang didapat Tari Baladewan terbentuk dari elemen-elemen tubuh yang membentuk suatu unsur gerak terkecil sampai terbesar. Sehingga membentuk sebuah unsur tari. Struktur Tari Baladewan dibagi menjadi dua aspek, diantaranya tataran gramatikal dan tata hubungan. Tataran gramatikal meliputi unsur gerak, motif, frase, kalimat, gugus. Tata hubungan meliputi tata hubungan tumpang tindih dan silih berganti, tata hubungan hierarkis gramatikal, tata hubungan sintagmatis, dan paradigmatis. Seluruh tataran gerak tersebut mempunyai sistem tata hubungan linier (penjajaran) yang runtut, saling terkait dan saling melengkapi untuk mewujudkan sebuah struktur gerak Tari Baladewan.
Der Einfluss emotionaler Intelligenz auf die Befriedigung impliziter Motive
Authors: Zygar-Hoffmann Caroline
Published: July 2018

In dieser Studie wurde untersucht, ob emotionale Intelligenz (EI) als Ability zur Befriedigung impliziter Motive beitragen kann. Ein solcher Einfluss wurde für implizit hoch macht- und anschlussmotivierten Personen vermutet, jedoch nicht für implizit niedrig Macht- und Anschlussmotivierte, sowie auch nicht für implizit leistungsmotivierte Menschen unabhängig von der Ausprägung des Leistungsmotivs. Die impliziten Motive wurden über die Picture Story Exercise (vgl. Pang, 2010) gemessen und die EI mit Hilfe der Kurzform des Situational Test of Emotional Understanding und der des Situational Test of Emotion Management erhoben (vgl. MacCann & Roberts, 2008a). Für die Motivbefriedigung wurde ein Fragebogen entwickelt, der das Auftreten motivbefriedigender Situationen in der letzten Gruppenarbeit abfragt. Die vermuteten Zusammenhänge konnten nicht gefunden werden: für implizit machtmotivierte Personen fand sich überhaupt keine Interaktion mit EI; für implizit anschlussmotivierte Personen fand sich eine Interaktion mit EI, jedoch in anderer Richtung als vermutet. Sie gestaltete sich so, dass hoch emotional intelligente,implizit aber niedrig anschlussmotivierte Personeneine größere Motivbefriedigung berichteten, als entsprechend implizit niedrig anschlussmotivierte Personen mit niedriger EI. Dieser Effekt von EI wurde ursprünglich für implizit stark anschlussmotivierte Personen vermutet. Für implizit Leistungsmotivierte fand sich wie bei implizit Machtmotivierten kein signifikanter Prädiktor. Dies wurde so vermutet, es kann jedoch nicht mit Sicherheit gesagt werden, dass dies die Hypothesen bestätigt, da das 95%-Konfidenzintervall der Regressionsgewichte zu breit ausfällt. Mögliche Erklärungen für die resultierten Ergebnisse werden dargestellt und Anregungen für zukünftige Studien diskutiert.
Design and Implementation of IoT-Big Data Analytic for Smart Environment Monitoring System
Authors: Arridha Riyadh
Published: July 2018

Monitoring water conditions in real-time is a critical mission to preserve the water ecosystem in maritime and archipelagic countries, such as Indonesia that is relying on the wealth of water resources. To integrate the water monitoring system into the big data technology for real-time analysis, we have engaged in the ongoing project named SEMAR (Smart Environment Monitoring and Analytic in Real-time system), which provides the IoT-Big Data platform for water monitoring. However, SEMAR does not have an analytical system yet. This paper proposes the analytical system for water quality classification using Pollution Index method, which is an extension of SEMAR. Besides, the communication protocol is updated from REST to MQTT. Furthermore, the real-time user interface is implemented for visualisation. The evaluations confirmed that the data analytic function adopting the linear SVM and Decision Tree algorithms achieves more than 90% for the estimation accuracy with 0.019075 for the MSE. The processing time of the SEMAR system only takes an average 0.5 seconds to process the data to be visualized.
Comparative Cladistics: Fossils, Morphological Data Partitions and Lost Branches in the Fossil Tree of Life
Authors: Mounce Ross
Published: July 2018

In this thesis I attempt to gather together a wide range of cladistic analyses of fossil and extant taxa representing a diverse array of phylogenetic groups. I use this data to quantitatively compare the effect of fossil taxa relative to extant taxa in terms of support for relationships, number of most parsimonious trees (MPTs) and leaf stability. In line with previous studies I find that the effects of fossil taxa are seldom different to extant taxa – although I highlight some interesting exceptions. I also use this data to compare the phylogenetic signal within vertebrate morphological data sets, by choosing to compare cranial data to postcranial data. Comparisons between molecular data and morphological data have been previously well explored, as have signals between different molecular loci. But comparative signal within morphological data sets is much less commonly characterized and certainly not across a wide array of clades. With this analysis I show that there are many studies in which the evidence provided by cranial data appears to be be significantly incongruent with the postcranial data – more than one would expect to see just by the effect of chance and noise alone. I devise and implement a modification to a rarely used measure of homoplasy that will hopefully encourage its wider usage. Previously it had some undesirable bias associated with the distribution of missing data in a dataset, but my modification controls for this. I also take an in-depth and extensive review of the ILD test, noting it is often misused or reported poorly, even in recent studies. Finally, in attempting to collect data and metadata on a large scale, I uncovered inefficiencies in the research publication system that obstruct re-use of data and scientific progress. I highlight the importance of replication and reproducibility – even simple reanalysis of high profile papers can turn up some very different results. Data is highly valuable and thus it must be retained and made available for further re-use to maximize the overall return on research investment.
Concepciones y prácticas docentes sobre la evaluación del aprendizaje en el área curricular de ciencia, tecnología y ambiente en las instituciones de educación secundaria
Authors: Gebera Osbaldo Washington Turpo , Turpo-Gebera Osbaldo
Published: July 2018

Desde la perspectiva teórica de la línea de investigación del pensamiento y acción docente se hace factible la aproximación a las concepciones y prácticas evaluativas manifestadas por los profesores del área curricular de Ciencia, Tecnología y Ambiente (CTA) que laboran en las Instituciones Educativas públicas de la provincia de Arequipa.En esa perspectiva, se identifica un entorno situacional caracterizado por una convivencia de enfoques evaluativos en las que son reconocibles discursos y rutinas consideradas como “tradicionales”; yuxtapuesto a las “modernas”. Así, coexisten finalidades evaluativas centradas en la aprobación de los logros de aprendizaje (rendimiento) con las funciones políticas de la evaluación que priorizan el uso de la normatividad vigente; a la recurrencia a instrumentos evaluativos que enfatizan en las capacidades resolutivas y expositivas, en desmedro de otros medios y recursos fundando en la observación y reflexión; y a la exclusiva responsabilidad del docente como evaluador; junto al énfasis asignado a los contenidos actitudinales, en torno al cual se estructuran los demás contenidos; a la preferencia por una evaluación procesual extensiva y recuperadora de otras modalidades; y relegando a la evaluación normativa y optando por una criterial.Dichas concepciones y prácticas evaluativas devienen de la socialización profesional, donde la edad y la experiencia docente resultan incidentales en la configuración de una perspectiva tecnológica-conductual de la evaluación, lo mismo que la prevalencia de un modelo didáctico conductista y una perspectiva epistémica de la educación en ciencias.
Instability of Contingencies of Self-Worth: The Role of Approach-Avoidance Temperament
Authors: Goodwin Garrett Scott , Holden Christopher James
Published: July 2018

Self-esteem has multiple facets and individuals can derive their feelings of self-worth from specific domains in life (i.e., competition, approval of others, virtue; Crocker & Wolfe, 2001). Additionally, research on self-esteem suggests that it evolved as a social monitoring system, known as the sociometer (Leary, Tambor, Terdal, & Downs, 1995). The function of the sociometer is to alert individuals to changes in their relational value to others, which in turn influences their self-esteem, and ultimately their behavior (Leary, Tambor, Terdal, & Downs, 1995; Park & Crocker, 2008). A better understanding of the connection between self-evaluations and behavior can be gained by considering how individuals derive their feelings of self-worth. While people are motivated to succeed and avoid failure, this may particularly be true in the domains from which people derive their feelings of self-worth. Additionally, approach-avoidance motivation may further influence the relationship between evaluations in contingent domains, self-esteem, and behavioral outcomes. The present study expands this research by investigating how approach-avoidance motivation affects the relationship between contingencies of self-worth, self-esteem, and behavioral outcomes. Therefore, I hypothesized that individuals with low self-esteem and avoidance motivation would shift away from a domain that receives negative feedback. Those with high self-esteem and approach motivation, however, would increase the value placed on a domain after receiving negative feedback and positive feedback. Results suggest that avoidantly motivated individuals’ self-worth became increasingly contingent upon other’s approval no matter the feedback they received.
Legislating Innovation: Why Charter Schools Can't Fix Public Education
Authors: Cordrey Richard Thomas
Published: July 2018

How do we account for the fact that, despite myriad school reform and counterbalancing resistance efforts, the education system in America seems to be in a constant state of disrepair? Some observers attribute this to the introduction of accountability measures and voucher programs, while others claim that common curriculum standards, and accompanying standardized tests, are to blame. In the pace of constant opposition to non-traditional educational venues by various special interest groups, there are a growing number of educational leaders opening schools that aim to challenge institutional norms and ever-growing numbers of parents choosing to enroll their children in those schools. Realization of the promise of these new schools is in serious jeopardy due to institutional and social forces that dampen any effort to challenge existing arrangements. Using charter schools as the most relevant and powerful entity representing this trend, I examine the history and motivation behind the structure of contemporary American education and propose a new way of evaluating the efficacy of future school reform.
Ces experts qui venaient du froid : Comment des Canadiens deviennent experts en développement de l'Afrique subsaharienne
Authors: Paradis-Charette Laurent
Published: July 2018

Each year, hundreds of Canadian experts offer their opinions, their skills, their knowledge or know- how to implement, monitor and evaluate projects and programs aimed at developing communities in the Sub-Saharan African region. Canada is a northern country located roughly 5000 km from the nearest African shore, therefore it becomes logical to ask how foreigners can become experts in the development of African communities. Using Bourdieu's field theory, we analyze the interviews gathered in this research to show that experts must be able to accumulate, mobilize, trade or transform technological, organizational, social and expertise capitals specific to the western world. Because of that, the field of expertise in international development is in a constant struggle to reaffirm its autonomy next to the dominant fields of the western world notably the political and economical fields. /// Chaque année, des centaines d'experts canadiens offrent leurs avis, leurs compétences, leurs connaissances ou leurs savoirs-faire, afin de mettre en place, de suivre et d'évaluer des projets et des programmes destinés à développer des communautés d'Afrique subsaharienne. Le Canada étant un pays nordique situé au minimum à plus de 5000 kilomètres des côtes africaines, il devient logique de se demander comment des étrangers venus de si loin sont devenus experts du développement des communautés africaines. À partir de la théorie du champ de Bourdieu, l'analyse des entretiens menés dans le cadre de cette recherche nous indique que, pour devenir expert, il faut être en mesure d'accumuler, de mobiliser, d'échanger ou de transformer des capitaux technologiques, organisationnels, sociaux et d'expertises spécifiques à l'occident. En ce sens, le champ de l'expertise en développement international se trouve en lutte constante pour sauvegarder son autonomie vis-à-vis des champs qui dominent la société occidentale, notamment le champ économique et le champ du pouvoir.
Emotion regulation in self-reported disinhibition, boldness and meanness
Authors: Steijer Rickard
Published: July 2018

Introduction: In the triarchic model, psychopathy is viewed as a combination of three traits: disinhibition, boldness, and meanness; that can be assessed through the triarchic psychopathy measure (TriPM). The ability to regulate emotion has been proposed as one process that differs in people with higher psychopathic traits. Emotion regulation can be assessed trough functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of activity in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) during downregulation of negative emotional stimuli. It is not known how emotion regulation relates to the TriPM subscales. Aim: We aimed to assess whether activity in the dlPFC during emotion regulation correlated with the scores in the three subscales of the TriPM in healthy males. Material and methods: Inclusion criteria: Ages 18-30, Male, Psychopathy Checklist – Revised-score <10. Exclusion criteria: Criminal history, standard contraindications for fMRI. Participants (n=7) performed an emotion regulation paradigm with negative picture stimuli during fMRI and filled out the TriPM. We correlated the activity in the dlPFC to scores in disinhibition, boldness, and meanness. Results: TriPM-subscale correlation to dlPFC-activity during emotion regulation was, for disinhibition: ρ=0.29, p=0.56, for meanness: ρ=0.29, p=0.59, for boldness: ρ=-0.43, p=0.35. Conclusion: We saw no significant correlation between activity in the dlPFC and TriPM-scores within normal range in any of the subscales. The relationship between emotion regulation and the subscales of the TriPM in normal subjects remains unknown. For future research on psychopathic traits in healthy males, a larger sample will be needed.
Monitoring the Structural Dynamics of U2 snRNA Via Single-Molecule Förster Resonance Energy Transfer
Authors: DeHaven Alexander Carl
Published: July 2018

This thesis contains four topic areas: a review of single-molecule microscropy methods and splicing, conformational dynamics of stem II of the U2 snRNA, the impact of post-transcriptional modifications on U2 snRNA folding dynamics, and preliminary findings on Mango aptamer folding dynamics.
Making leadership cases impactful: a comparison of teaching methods
Authors: Young Sam
Published: July 2018

In New Zealand, tertiary educators tend to use teaching cases as a tool to teach management subjects, including leadership. Teaching cases are usually delivered in a lecturer-led combination theory lecture/case discussion pattern; the ‘Hybrid’ approach. In contrast, the “Case in Point” method delivers cases in a student-led, solely discussion-based way. This thesis aimed to compare these two methods to find which provided the most effective leadership learning.The research design was based on retroductive grounded theory seeking to answer whether students make sense of leadership teaching cases differently when they are delivered using different methods. Using the same teaching plans, resources and teaching cases to teach the same sub-topics, two sets of ‘Hybrid’ and “Case in Point” sessions were run in Leadership classes, with students undertaking a Bachelor of Sport and Recreation degree at three AUT campuses: on the North Shore, in Manukau and in Nelson. Overall, 42 students took part. Methods of observations, interviews, questionnaires and focus-groups were used to collect qualitative data from the participants, coded for effective teaching characteristics and analysed using the CAQDAS software, QDA Miner Lite.The results indicate that students do make sense of leadership teaching cases differently when they are delivered using different methods. Effective learning of leadership is enhanced when teaching with cases which have impact. More effective learning takes place in the “Case in Point” sessions, discussion was student-led and the learning had more longevity for the participants. The “Case in Point” method of teaching appears to be a more effective delivery method for leadership learning than the ‘Hybrid’ method. The evidence, however, is not entirely clear due to difficulties in ensuring consistency in teaching approach and session delivery between campuses, and differences in impact between the cases used.In this thesis, the clarification of the factors which comprise impactful cases will assist the writers of cases, and those who seek to teach with them. The solutions proposed to avoid the difficulties encountered in this research will be useful to future researchers seeking to compare the “Case in Point” and ‘Hybrid’ approaches.
The Differences in Smoking Motives, Habits and Attentional Bias in Nicotine Dependent and Non-dependent Smokers
Authors: Bartlett James Edward
Published: July 2018

Despite a lack of nicotine dependence, non-dependent smokers have a cessation failure rate comparable to dependent smokers (Tindle and Shiffman 2011). Attentional bias is the automatic allocation of attention to smoking-related stimuli and has been investigated as it may have a role in the maintenance of smoking and hinder cessation attempts (Field and Cox 2008). The current study utilised a visual dot probe task with three stimulus onset asynchronies (SOA: 200ms, 500ms and 2000ms) to explore different aspects of attention. Smoking and non- smoking university students and staff completed measures of smoking dependence, smoking motives, and attentional bias. Dependent smokers scored significantly higher on objective and subjective measures of nicotine dependence. Dependent smokers reported to be motivated by negative reinforcement and non-dependent smokers reported to be motivated by positive reinforcement. Dependent smokers, non-dependent smokers and non-smokers did not differ in attentional bias in each SOA condition. However, the study suffered from a lack of power and there are suggestions for the disparity with previous research. The practical implication of this study is the recommendation that smoking cessation therapy is individualised to dependentand non-dependent smokers as their smoking habit is maintained by different smoking motives.
The effect of perceived similarity and behavioral options on automatic behavior
Authors: Schoonvelde Martijn
Published: July 2018

Behavioral priming effects have been well established in past research. More recent studies have investigated factors that moderate behavioral priming effects such as social comparison processes, individual goal states and environmental features. In spite of this research, however, the boundary conditions of behavioral priming effects remain unclear. In the present study we investigated these boundary conditions by examining the interplay between behavioral priming, multiple behavioral options and perceived similarity with the primed category. To this extent, we primed participants with both hooligans and nerds and manipulated their perceived similarity with these categories. We then asked participants to take a general knowledge test. Results showed that participants who were primed with hooligans performed better on science and nature questions than participants who were primed with nerds. Furthermore, we found that participants’ performance on a general knowledge test was enhanced by increased elaboration on similarities with hooligans.
The Politics of Diplomacy: The Palatinate and Anglo-Imperial Relations in the Thirty Years' War
Authors: Lindquist Thea
Published: July 2018

This dissertation examines the diplomatic relations between the King of England and the Holy Roman Emperor in the 1630s. Negotiations between the two rulers revolved around the settlement of the Palatinate question, one of the most vexing issues of the Thirty Years' War. This study focuses specifically on the missions of the three diplomats most intimately involved in Anglo-Imperial negotiations of the later 1630s: the English diplomats John Taylor and Thomas Howard, 2nd Earl of Arundel, and the Imperial envoy Clement Radolt. Through a detailed analysis of their negotiations, this dissertation shows that English foreign policy in these years, though it produced no tangible results, had the potential to succeed. Although historians have traditionally downplayed England's influence on Continental powers, the evidence shows that Charles I's favor was highly valued at the Habsburg courts and that he had more foreign policy options in the later 1630s than has been commonly assumed. Unlike previous work, this study investigates the European as well as the British context of early Stuart foreign policy. It therefore draws not only upon sources from British archives, such as the Public Record Office, British Library, Bodleian Library, and Arundel Castle Archives, but also upon the abundant material concerning Britain in Continental repositories, including the Haus-, Hof- and Staatsarchiv, Finanz- and Hofkammerarchiv, Allgemeines Verwaltungsarchiv, and Wiener Stadt- und Landesarchiv in Austria.Part one of this dissertation sets the European political, military, and diplomatic backdrop for the Anglo-Imperial negotiations that took place in the later 1630s. Part two surveys the background, religious leanings, education, and political and diplomatic careers of the three diplomats. Part three gives a detailed description of the course of the negotiations and the various personalities and events affecting them. Finally, the concluding chapter evaluates English foreign policy toward the Emperor; the expectations, interests, and willingness to compromise of the powers involved as evidenced in the negotiations; and the reasons for their ultimate failure.
Motivational interviewing in periodontology and development of a mHealth concept for prevention and health promotion: project GoPerio
Authors: Garyga Valentin
Published: July 2018

Periodontal diseases are amongst the most frequent conditions worldwide. Their interactions with several systemic diseases are increasingly documented. Smoking and tobacco use, diabetes mellitus, as well as periodontal diseases can all be positively influenced by patient education and behaviour change interventions. Motivational interviewing provides a framework and a method for such interventions.In order to support patients in their behaviour change, we propose a mobile health (mHealth) concept entitled "GoPerio". GoPerio relies on personalized videos for oral hygiene education and interactive text-messages for patient motivation. The video is recorded by the dentist or dental hygienist with a miniature loupes-mounted video camera. It is then shared with the patient directly on their smartphone, using a secured cloud platform. The patient receives tailored and interactive text messages (SMS) to which they can answer. Based on that, the SMS system gives simple feedback to the patient. We describe the protocol for an ongoing randomized controlled trial evaluating the GoPerio concept.A vast corpus of health sciences, behavioural sciences and information technology is presented in this work. Methodological, technical, political and societal challenges faced by the GoPerio concept are discussed. We propose several solutions to those challenges. We conclude on the imperative renovation of the healthcare system towards enhanced prevention and a better consideration for all determinants of health.
FOCAL SOCIAL ACTORS AND TACIT COORDINATION
Authors: Chartier Christopher R.
Published: July 2018

Tacit coordination is a fundamental task for interdependent social actors. Everyday examples include negotiating rush hour traffic, working collaboratively on a group project, conversing smoothly, and meeting friends for lunch. Previous research (Schelling, 1960; Mehta, Starmer & Sugden, 1994) has focused extensively on differences between behavioral options that aid in small group coordination. Highly salient options are referred to as structural focal points, and are popular choices for actors. The current work presents a new type of focal point based on differences between social actors in a coordination problem. The focal social actor effect is hypothesized to occur when one group member is more salient than others, and actors correspond to behavioral options in a clear way. Three Experiments explored and ultimately supported this hypothesis. In Experiment 1, social information about group members was manipulated such that one group member was unique. Furthermore, players were identified by color. In a subsequent coordination game, players were more likely to select an option sharing an identifying color with the unique group member than an option corresponding to a common player. In Experiment 2, actors and options corresponded through slight payoff differences between group members across different behavioral options. Once again, players were more likely to select the option corresponding to the unique player. In Experiment 3, uniqueness was manipulated orthogonally to intragroup status by virtue of bogus feedback on a leadership questionnaire. The focal social actor served as a coordination cue, as players were more likely to select the option corresponding to the unique player. The focal social actor cue was found to be effective even in the presence of the previously established status cue for coordination (de Kwaadsteniet & van Dijk, 2010). Focal social actors serve as strong coordination aids for small groups, and may help explain portions of previously published tacit coordination findings.
Een Netwerkanalyse naar ‘Resilience’: Binnen een Individueel en Multilevel Netwerk
Authors: Blankenstijn Daan
Published: July 2018

De mate van samenhang tussen resilience en affect states werd bekeken door middel van individuele en multilevel netwerken. Aan het onderzoek hebben 31 deelnemers meegedaan. Voor de meting van affect states is een aangepaste SCL-90 symptoom checklist gebruikt en als operationalisatie van resilience is een vraag over controle toegevoegd. Deelnemers werd gevraagd gedurende twee weken driemaal daags de checklist in te vullen. Hoewel de netwerken veel verschilden, bleek er een aantal positieve verbindingen te zijn tussen Controle en positieve affect states en negatieve verbindingen tussen Controle en negatieve affect states. Door middel van netwerken is de aard van resilience onderzocht op de persoonsgeörienteerde, en over tijd fluctuerende manier die het construct van zich verlangt.
Public relations and external communications as an aid to export : Examination of leading companies in Western Finland
Authors: Ingram Darren
Published: July 2018

Finnish companies have a reputation for designing and producing quality products and services. Unfortunately, they also seem en masse to be less capable and successful when it comes to selling or marketing them, particularly overseas. The Finnish economy and society-at-large would benefit from increased export activity.Telling prospective customers about your products should be a natural part of sales and marketing activity, with marketing-led tools such as public relations (PR) a way of introducing a brand/company to a market and helping develop its presence. Once established it would sustain and grow markets, generating additional customer loyalty and interest that should contribute towards a company’s financial success. For many companies marketing activities can be restricted to attendance at a trade fair, sending out some brochures or maybe having information on their website. Relatively passive, in other words, hoping that a prospective customer will know of them in order to find them or stumble across them by chance.Does management understand or care about its marketing activities? This thesis looks at how larger companies in western Finland (an area said to be particularly export-aware) view and manage their PR activities and use this as a tool to assist and drive export sales. The necessity of export, PR and when combined as export marketing, is examined in detail, offering a practical reference that may shake some companies into action and supporting those who are presently trying and seek to improve or refine their activities. Recommendations for action and further research are also given.