bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PROPAGANDA OVER PLACES’ NAMES AS A TOOL TO PROMOTE CONFLICT ABSTRACT
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Nathanailidis Sampson M.
Published: December 2023

Objective of the study: To research the long-running tensions between Greece and Turkey under the prism of contemporary propaganda which through the impact of toponymic nationalism on territorial disputes, is used as a tool to promote or to prelude conflict. To demonstrate that how geographical names are used by political leaders and ingrained in propaganda contribute to the creation of national identities by using the sense of ownership, and the arousal of conflict. Methodology: Historical and modern claims have been deployed to form the foundation of the theoretical basis. Emphasis is given to the role played by political figures in influencing place names to support patriotic feelings and boost territorial claims. A distinction is made on how propaganda may incite conflict and thwart peaceful coexistence between nations. Although these actions can increase internal support for policy goals, they also run the danger of exacerbating tensions and impeding diplomatic efforts to find a solution. Results and Conclusions: To prevent possible conflicts from igniting or historical conflicts from re-igniting, the transmission of factual information and conduct of responsible approach towards geopolitically sensitive places poses a necessity in order to promote peaceful diplomacy. The study’s suggestion is to develop policies that would lessen territorial conflicts and promote peaceful cohabitation.
LEGISLATIVE SUPPORT OF LANGUAGE RIGHTS OF NATIONAL MINORITIES IN THE FIELD OF EDUCATION AS A COMPONENT OF EUROPEAN INTEGRATION OF UKRAINE
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Shliakhtun Petro
Published: December 2023

The purpose of the study is to reveal the content of the legislative support of language rights of national minorities of Ukraine in the field of education in the context of its European integration and to clarify the internal and external factors affecting it. The political-legal method of research is used, which consists in the analysis of political-legal norms and political factors that influenced and influence their formation and functioning. The provisions of the legislation of Ukraine regarding ensuring the language rights of national minorities in the field of education of Ukraine in the period from the adoption of the Law of Ukraine “On Languages in the Ukrainian SSR” (October 1989) to the adoption of the Law of Ukraine “On National Minorities (Communities) of Ukraine” (December 2022) were analyzed ). The peculiarities of the transformation of the language legislation of Ukraine in the conditions of Russian aggression and the European integration of Ukraine are clarified. The analysis of the language legislation of Ukraine was carried out using the conclusions and recommendations of the European Commission for Democracy through Law (Venice Commission). The objective conditionality of the narrowing of the linguistic and educational rights of the national minorities of Ukraine in the conditions of Russian aggression in Crimea and Donbas and the full-scale invasion of Russian troops into the territory of Ukraine is emphasized. A conclusion was made about the need for further improvement of the legislation of Ukraine on the language rights of national minorities in the field of education in the context of the European integration of Ukraine.
THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF THE STUDY OF DEMOCRATIC CONSOLIDATION: DEFINITION OF THE CONCEPT
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Sasin Vladyslav
Published: December 2023

The article systematizes the scientific discussion around approaches to the study of democratic consolidation and its definitions. The main approaches to determining democratic consolidation by J. Linz & A. Stepan, A. Shedler, S. Huntington, G. O’Donnell, R. Gunther, Y. Puhle & N. Diamandouros, G. Alexander, F. Schmitter, S. Valenzuela, A. Przeworski, J. Higley & M. Burton, L. Diamond, S. Hanson and I. Titar are analyzed. The approaches of D. Collier and A. Shedler to the classification of definitions of democratic consolidation in modern political theory are considered. The approaches to defining democratic consolidation are compared and it is substantiated that today in political science the actor-centered approach to understanding the consolidation of democracy dominates, the main focus of which is the analysis of the behavior of political actors. A general definition of the consolidation of democracy as a process of stabilization and strengthening of a democratic regime, as well as an operational definition as a process whereby democracy becomes a single universally recognized and legitimized practice, manifested through persistent behavioral and institutional commitment to democratic norms and procedures, are given.
An observational study of gastrointestinal stromal tumors by histopathology and immunohistochemistry
Authors: D Kesarwani , N Kolte , A Kesarwani , S Jain
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) are the most common mesenchymal neoplasms of the gastrointestinal tract and their diagnosis is mainly based on histopathology and immunohistochemical study with CD117 marker. However, there are many GIST tumors that are CD117 negative and for such cases come the role of other IHC markers. The study aimed to observe the various histological features and demographic profiles of GISTs and the role of various immunohistochemical markers in the confirmation of diagnosis. Methodology: A hospital-based observational study was conducted on 40 tumor resection materials diagnosed as GIST from April 2017 to February 2023 at tertiary care center K.E.M. Hospital, Pune. All the cases underwent histopathological examination with standard procedure of tissue processing, staining and IHC with CD117. Those cases who were morphologically designated as GIST on HPE were evaluated with a panel of IHC markers like C-KIT, CD34, SMA, desmin, S-100 and vimentin. Results: 35 out of 40 cases (87.5%) were found to be positive for CD117 while IHC markers like CD34, SMA, desmin, S-100 and vimentin were found to be positive in 60%, 20%, 5%, 2.5% and 80% cases respectively. Also, we found significant relationship between histopathological groups different progressive disease risk groups with necrosis, cytologic atypia, cellularity and mucosal invasion (p-value<0.05) Conclusion: In a nutshell, a GIST diagnosis should not be precluded on the basis of morphology only. Use of immunohistochemistry is vital to rule out other mesenchymal tumors and confirmation of GIST. Keywords: GIST; gastrointestinal stromal tumors; IHC; CD 117; histopathology; c-KIT
Application of delta gap equation for the assessment of metabolic acidosis in renal failure patients
Authors: S Prakashiny , N Saranya , TR Samuel , KH Prasad
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Metabolic acidosis is commonly encountered in chronic kidney disease (CKD) which contributes to its progression. The metabolic acidosis in chronic kidney disease is presumed to be due to accumulation of unmeasured anions leading to a high anion gap (AG). The aim of the study was to assess the metabolic acidosis in renal failure patients using the calculation of delta gap. Methods: 100 renal failure cases were included. Their abnormal urea and creatinine values were utilized to calculate the BUN/creatinine ratio for all the cases. Based on the dipstick urine testing grading, proteinuric renal diseases were identified. The urine and serum osmolality were calculated in these renal failure patients. Serum osmolality was calculated using the values of serum sodium and urea. Urinary density which is also called urine specific gravity was used for indirect calculation of urine osmolality. Modified delta gap equation was applied for quick evaluation of mixed metabolic acid-base disorders. Results: Out of the 100 cases, 41 were proteinuric renal disease cases and 59 were non-proteinuric renal disease cases. High anion gap metabolic acidosis were seen in 65% of the total 100 cases. In 33% of the total cases, non-anion gap metabolic acidosis was also seen in addition to the high anion gap metabolic acidosis as it is evidenced by the delta gap value of less than -6 mmol/L. Conclusions: Earlier identification of the type and causative mechanism of metabolic acidosis in these patients may help to decrease the morbidity and mortality of these patients. The delta gap that can be easily calculated using this quick and short equation at the bedside may serve as a marker in the management of metabolic acidosis in renal failure patients. Keywords: delta gap; modified quick equation; metabolic acidosis; renal failure
Therapeutic potential of adult platelets and cord blood platelets in future clinical directions
Authors: SR Bezawada , V Velluri , RC Darapuneni
Published: December 2023

Platelet rich plasma (PRP) is currently obtaining a natural concentration of autologous growth factors, and is used in different medical conditions. This review is aimed to establish several treatment options using adult PRP and scope of the therapeutic benefits of cord blood platelet rich plasma (CB-PRP) for future clinical directions. A literature search was done based on the clinical applications of PRP in the fields of dermatology, orthopaedic, dental, ophthalmology and gynaecology. The field keywords were searched in major indexing services for collecting the relevant articles from January 2010 to June 2023. PRP therapies are potential and efficient treatment options and established protocols for certain diseases but there is a need to establish CB-PRP opportunities of improving efficacy for promoting clinical application. Further research can focus on CB-PRP and it may be considered as immunologically compatible to use as allogenic. Keywords: platelet rich plasma; therapy; cord blood PRP; hair loss; poor ovarian reserve; osteoarthritis
Early Neolithic Sanctuary at the Taye Tract
Authors:   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Molodin V.I. , Mylnikova L.N. ,   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nesterova M.S. ,   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kobeleva L.S. ,   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Selin D.V. ,   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Zotkina L.V. ,   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Parkhomchuk E.V. ,   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Rendu W. ,   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: December 2023

Th e monograph publishes the results of a study of a unique Early Neolithic sanctuary located in the Vengerovskyi district of the Novosibirsk region. Architectural ensemble has been presented. Th e material complex has been characterized. Th e sanctuary is attributed to the Barabinskaya culture of the early Neolithic era. Data on relative and absolute chronology are published. Th is object is dated to the 7th–6th millennium BC. Parallels are drawn with the circle of sanctuaries characteristic of the taiga part of the Neolithic cultures of Eurasia. As a result of the study, information was obtained about the manifestations of ritual practice, indicating an extremely complex mythology that developed among Western Siberian hunters and fi shermen at the dawn of the early Neolithic era. Th e book will be of interest to anyone wondered in the ancient history of Siberia.
The Character Accentuations, Value Orientations and Agressiveness of Adolescents as the Risk Factors of the Committing of Offenses by Juveniles
Authors: Obukhovskaya D.I. , Konopleva I.N.
Published: December 2023

Juvenile delinquency is an important problem facing our society at the moment. In the re-search work, various theoretical methods were used, the “Adapted adolescent questionnaire of Leonhard-Schmishek”, the “Questionnaire of the level of aggressiveness of Bass-Perry” methods, the S. Schwartz “Value orientations” method. Statistical analysis of the data was carried out using the Mann-Whitney U-test and the Pearson correlation coefficient. The characterological features of juvenile offenders, the level of their aggressiveness and the system of value orientations were identified. Most offenders have an excitable, hyperthymic and emotive type of accentuations, a high level of aggressiveness and a different value system to the control group. Statistically significant correlations were found between character accentuations, the level of aggressiveness and value orientations. The obtained data make it possible to increase the effectiveness of preventive work with adolescents, their parents and teachers.
OBTAINING ACTIVE DRY YEASTS BIOMASS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF PIETROASA WINES
Authors: BARBULESCU Iuliana Diana , TEODORESCU Razvan Ionut , DUMITRACHE Corina , BEGEA Mihaela , DIGUTA Camelia Filoftea , FRINCU Mihai , BANITA Daniel Cornel , MARCULESCU Simona Ioana , CIRIC Alexandru Ionut , TUDOR Valerica , VRINCEANU Carmen Rodica , RADOI-ENCEA Raluca Stefania , MATEI Florentina , TOTH Tamas , BAZAR George , MATEI Petruta Mihaela
Published: December 2023

Consumers are increasingly demanding traditional beverages such as wines that are obtained through innovative technologies and that use indigenous yeasts to preserve the concept of `terroir`. The paper presents the study performed for the exploitation the microbial diversity in the Pietroasa wine region in Romania and to obtain autochthones yeasts biomass. Yeasts were isolated from grapes and must from Feteasca regala FR) and Cabernet Sauvignon (CS) varieties cultivated at the Pietroasa Viticulture and Vinification Research and Development Station. Five yeast isolates were selected and identified by the MALDI-TOF, these belonging to the S. cerevisiae and non-Saccharomyces genera. By using these yeast isolates, active dry biomass was obtained through fermentation on a substrate based on sterilised diluted must (from the Feteasca regala and Cabernet Sauvignon varieties), synthetic sterilised media, followed by freeze-drying. Subsequently, the active dry biomass was used to obtain wines, using two types of nutrients: ET (Energyvin Thiols) and NO (Nutristart® ORG). All studied yeast isolates showed a promising potential for obtaining white wine from Feteasca regala grapes and rosé wine from the Cabernet Sauvignon grapes variety.
SCREENING FOR A SUITABLE CRYOPRESERVATION PROTOCOL FOR Polypodium vulgare
Authors: CATANA Rodica , ALDEA Florentina , MITOI Monica
Published: December 2023

Cryopreservation (storage at -196°C) is one of the techniques used for ex situ conservation to guarantee the long-term storage of different biological materials. Polypodium vulgare (Common polypody) is an evergreen fern used as food and medicine. To our knowledge, no cryopreservation protocol for gametophytes from this species is available. In this context, our paper aimed to screen a suitable cryopreservation protocol for P. vulgare - an important source of secondary metabolites. Different protocols were tested to identify a suitable cryopreservation protocol. Techniques like light microscopy and biochemical assays were used to certify an appropriate protocol for this fern. Gametophyte desiccation for 3 hours in the sterilized airflow before rapid immersion in liquid nitrogen provides sufficient dehydration to assure a good rate of survival.
RESEARCH ON BLANCHING PRETREATMENT AND FREEZING TECHNOLOGY EFFECT ON SELECTED VEGETABLES
Authors: DRAGHICI Mihaela Cristina , GEICU-CRISTEA Mihaela , POPA Elisabeta Elena , MITELUT Amalia Carmen , POPESCU Paul Alexandru , TYLEWICZ Urszula , ROSA Marco Dalla , POPA Mona Elena
Published: December 2023

Vegetables present high nutritional content, being rich in vitamins, minerals, dietary fibres, organic acids and antioxidant compounds. However, fresh vegetables are generally harvested seasonally, being available in their fresh form for short periods of time during the year, and are also highly perishable. Therefore, the necessity of preserving them for a longer period of time has been addressed, freezing becoming the main technique used in this scope, due to its ability to maintain the initial quality of the product. The aim of the present study was to determine the properties of several fresh vegetables in different moments during processing for freezing preservation, namely initial moment (fresh form), after blanching pretreatment, after freezing/thawing process. The vegetables that were studied during this study were green peas, green beans, broccoli, asparagus, oyster mushrooms, Agaricus bisporus mushrooms and eggplants. As quality indicators, the following were determined: acidity, aw, colour, total polyphenolic content, antioxidant activity and ascorbic acid content (where applied). The results showed varied values for the monitored parameters. Generally, significant differences were observed during processing, with increasing and decreasing values of the tested parameters depending on the tested sample and applied treatment.
Quiste esplénico epidérmico infectado. Reporte de caso
Authors: Luraschi-Centurión Víctor , Riquelme Silvia Rebeca , Molinas-Argüello Joel , Benítez Jorge Oscar
Published: December 2023

Los quistes esplénicos son infrecuentes y presentan una baja incidencia (0.07%). Las etiologías son varias, pero en su mayoría se deben a parasitarios y no parasitarios. Entre los primeros se encuentran los quistes hidatídicos por equinococosis que son más comunes sobre todo en zonas endémicas. En el siguiente trabajo se presenta el caso de una paciente de sexo femenino de 17 años de edad que consulta por un cuadro de 6 días de evolución que inicia con dolor, tipo puntada de moderada intensidad, localizado en hipocondrio izquierdo, acompañado de fiebre graduada en 38 grados con escalofríos.
Tuberculosis congénita: a propósito de un caso
Authors: Marín-Mundo Leticia , Martínez-de Cuellar Celia
Published: December 2023

La tuberculosis (TB) es una de las principales enfermedades infecciosas a nivel mundial y sigue siendo un grave problema de salud pública en muchos países. La Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) estima que un tercio de la población está infectada con TB y la tasa de infección aumenta casi un 1% por año. Esta revisión tiene como objetivo exponer la identidad de la tuberculosis congénita rara y fatal si no se trata y resaltar las características clínicas y la dificultad de diagnóstico y la conciencia entre los pediatras para realizar un manejo terapéutico inmediato desde el inicio de la sospecha. Este estudio se propone detectar que el pronóstico es malo para los recién nacidos, seguido de una evolución fatal cuando el diagnóstico se retrasa. Se presenta a continuación el caso de un recién nacido de sexo masculino de 24 días de vida por parto cesárea, por RPM nacido de una madre que presentó infección por SARS-COV-2 14 días previos al parto. A los 5 días de post parto adormecimiento y debilidad de miembros inferiores, sin síntomas respiratorios, posteriormente fiebre de 5 días de evolución, con diagnóstico de TB cerebral sin síntomas respiratorios, RN con fiebre y tos de 3 días, hepatomegalia de 4.5 cm, sin adenopatías. Ecografía abdominal dentro de parámetros normales, ecocardiograma con despegamiento pericárdico laminar, ecografía cerebral, ecografía abdominal fondo de ojo dentro de parámetros normales. Radiografía de tórax mostró infiltrado nodulillar difuso bilateral compatible con diseminación miliar tuberculosa. Al ingreso se inició cobertura antibiótica con Cefotaxima más Ampicilina a dosis meníngea. Analítica laboratorial al ingreso perfil hepático alterado, glóbulos blancos en rango, presentó granulaciones toxicas 3% y reactantes de fase aguda aumentados. Se realizó punción lumbar con cultivo de LCR negativo para gérmenes comunes y micobacterias por lo cual se descendió antibioticoterapia a completando 9 días totales. En muestras seriadas durante 3 días de líquido gástrico tinción de Ziehl-Neelsen BAAR +++ en las 3 muestras, GENEXPERT M. tuberculosis detectado y secreción traqueal tinción de BAAR +++. Inició terapia antibacilar H10/R20/Z20/E20. Durante su internación presenta alteración de perfil hepático por lo cual se ajusta dosis H5/R10/Z15/E15 en conjunto con Piridoxina. Durante tratamiento antibacilar a los 10 meses presentó en ecografía abdominal múltiples calcificaciones en hígado y ecografía cerebral de control con dilatación leve de los ventrículos laterales en ambos lados. Al finalizar tratamiento al examen físico se constató hígado a 2 cm RCD al año de vida, crecimiento y desarrollo normal para la edad, controles oftalmológicos y auditivos sin hallazgos patológicos. El recién nacido recibió 2 meses de HRZE y 10 meses de HR completando 12 meses totales de tratamiento en conjunto con Piridoxina hasta 10 días posterior a la suspensión de antibacilares y la madre recibió 4 meses de HRZE y 8 meses de HR completando 12 meses de tratamiento antibacilar.
The Effect of Some Different Blood Anticoagulants on Rabbits Plasma Biochemical Parameters under Different Temperatures
Authors: Al-Obaidy E.N.J. , Ismail M.M. , Muhi M.Z.
Published: December 2023

The aim of present study was to compare the effect of Ca chelating anticoagulants (EDTA, citrate and oxalate) and antithrombin anticoagulant (heparin) on some rabbits plasma biochemical parameters at room temperature 25℃ and extreme temperatures -18℃and 50℃ for 1hr. Five male rabbits weighting between 800-1000gm, kept in the animal house /College of Veterinary Medicine/University of Diyala, under 12:12 dark light cycle with ad libtum food and water in individual cages (60cm,40cm) during November and December /2022. Four ml of blood samples were collected by cardiac puncture (23G needle) into four tubes contain anticoagulants: (EDTA, citrate, oxalate and heparin)one ml of blood for each tube; then the blood samples were kept at :room temperature 25℃, waterbath50℃ and refrigerator -18 ℃, for 1hr then put in centrifuge at 3000rpm for 15min. From total examined blood samples =24 for each Ca chelating anticoagulants (EDTA, citrate and oxalate) and antithrombin anticoagulant (heparin) after 1hr under in 25c℃ , -18℃ and 50℃. The both groups of anticoagulants (Ca chelating and antithrombin) showed no significant differences P>0.05 between them in level of biochemical parameters (glucose, total protein, cholesterol and urea) after 1 hr at 25C; on the other hand significant increase in plasma glucose, total protein and cholesterol beside significant decrease in plasma urea of Ca chelating anticoagulants after 1hr at -18C and 50C as compare with antithrombin anticoagulant. In conclusion; heparin was more effective than Ca chelating anticoagulant in preserve plasma biochemical parameters within normal values under extreme cool and hot condition.
Effect of Diabetes type-II on Eye disease and its risk factors; A Logit Model Analysis
Authors: Muhammad F.F. , Tayyab R.F. , Sana M. , Usama Y.
Published: December 2023

To know the effect of Diabetes type-II on Eye disease and its risk factors in a tertiary eye care hospital in Karachi. This was a cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection. The data was retrieved from January to June 2019 from the Hospital Information Management System (HIMS) software of the Institute. Non-probability purposive sampling method was used to collect data. Inclusion criteria were all the diabetics type-II patients came for routine check-ups at Diabetes Eye Department irrespective of age, gender and duration of diabetes. Statistical analysis was done using STATA version 13.0 software for windows. A total of 6090 cases were analyzed. Mean age of the participants was 51.01±10.8 years. There were 2954 (48.5%) male and 3136 (51.5%) female observed in this study. Table 1 shows the results of the binary logistic regression analysis with coefficients and their standard errors (S.E.), Wald test values, p values, odd ratios, and 95% confidence intervals for odds ratios. When all explanatory variables treat as continuous variables, we found that all variables which include age, height, random blood sugar (RBS) and duration of diabetes was statistically significant at the significance level 0.05 except weight and fasting blood sugar (FBS) for individual regression slope coefficients. This study reveals findings through binary logistics regression analysis. It indicates that there is an association found in the patients of eye disease with age, height, weight, RBS, FBS. This stated that there were some risk factors observed in these variables related to eye disease. Those who have the disease have risk factor to developed the others associated disease.
KIM-1 IS A MARKER OF NEPHROTOXICITY IN PATIENTS RECEIVING CISPLATIN-CONTAINING CHEMOTHERAPY
Authors: Alentov I.I. , Karmakova T.A. , Savchina V.V. , Dyoshkina T.I. , Marshutina N.V.
Published: December 2023

Drug-induced nephrotoxicity is a common side effect in chemotherapy treatment for cancer patients. Every year the relevance of this problem increases due to the widespread use of various chemotherapy (CT) protocols, including nephrotoxic drugs, in particular cisplatin. Standard measures of kidney function include glomerular filtration rate (GFR), serum creatinine (sCr) and blood urea nitrogen concentrations. However, their changes are revealed after a rather long period after nephrotoxic exposure only; in addition, they deviate significantly from the norm only with a significant degree of kidney damage. Therefore, the search for new markers of nephrotoxicity for early and reliable diagnostics of renal dysfunction is an extremely urgent task. One such promising marker is KIM-1.
CHANGES IN THE ENERGY ACTIVITY OF BLOOD LYMPHOCYTES AND MORPHOMETRIC PARAMETERS OF THE BRAIN IN A MODEL OF BRAIN DAMAGE IN RATS
Authors: Khunderyakova N.V. , Medvedeva V.P. , Polyakova T.V. , Mironov V.V. , Bulgin I.V. , Mikhailova G.R. , Penkov N.V. , Mironova G.D.
Published: December 2023

It is known that Parkinson’s disease (PD) being a neurodegenerative disease is accompanied by increased levels of reactive oxygen species, oxidative stress and impaired mitochondrial activity. It has been shown that the development of malignant tumors can be accompanied by disorders that mimic PD. In this regard, shifts in cellular metabolism associated with the development of true PD are of interest.
DENDRITIC CELLS AND THEIR ROLE IN CANCER IMMUNOTHERAPY
Authors: Melnikova A.A. , Grivtsova L.Yu.
Published: December 2023

Cytotoxic CD8+ T lymphocytes (CD8+ CTLs) are key effector cells, which recognize and kill tumor cells, and are therefore preferred targets for improved cancer immunotherapy. Aim: To investigate the role of dendritic cells (DCs) in the initiation of antigen-specific immunity in cancer immunotherapy.
COMPONENTS OF ANTITUMOR EXTRACT OF GRATIOLA OFFICINALIS LEAD TO TUMOR CELL DEATH BY APOPTOSIS DUE TO NEGATIVE REGULATION OF MCL-1 PROTEIN
Authors: Polukonova N.V. , Demin A.G. , Polukonova A.V.
Published: December 2023

Escape from cell death is one of the most prominent features of tumor cells and is closely related to the dysregulation of Bcl-2 family proteins. Among them, the anti-apoptotic protein Mcl-1 (myeloid cell leukaemia-1) acts as a master regulator of apoptosis in various human malignancies. The Mcl-1 -1 protein, whose main function is to protect tumor cells from apoptosis, is not the only product of the anti-apoptotic gene MCL1. On the contrary, another product of this gene, the shortened Mcl-1S protein, formed by alternative splicing, serves as a negative regulator of Mcl-1. Increased levels of Mcl-1S lead to inhibition of apoptosis-protective Mcl-1 and, consequently, tumor cell death by apoptosis (Senichkin, 2018). Mcl-1 inhibitors are currently being developed, which opens new perspectives to fight the hitherto untreatable addiction of cancer cells (Bolomsky et al., 2020).
PHENOTYPIC COMPOSITION OF TUMOR CELLS AND THEIR ROLE IN THE PROCESS OF METASTASIS WHEN DEVELOPING A PDX MODEL OF BREAST CANCER
Authors: Bokova U.A. , Tretyakova M.S. , Frolova A.A. , Alifanov V.V. , Andryukhova E.S. , Cherdyntseva N.V. , Perelmuter V.M. , Denisov E.V.
Published: December 2023

To study the mechanisms of metastasis, one of the effective tools is mouse models using primary patient tumors (Patient-Derived Xenograft, PDX). The phenomenon of changes in the cell phenotype in response to the dynamic conditions of the tumor microenvironment is one of the key processes forming the basis for metastasis.
THREE-DIMENSIONAL IN VITRO MODELS FOR STUDYING THE CHEMOSENSITIVITY OF BREAST CANCER CELLS
Authors: Filippova S.Yu. , Timofeeva S.V. , Chembarova T.V. , Mezhevova I.V. , Vashchenko L.N. , Kechedzhieva E.E. , Andreyko E.A.
Published: December 2023

Scientists agree that three-dimensional tumor cell cultures reflect the in vitro biological features of malignant tumors to a greater extent than it is the case with the conventional monolayer cultures. In particular, the results of assessing the effectiveness of anticancer drugs obtained in three-dimensional cell models are considered as more accurate and consistent with the tumor response in vivo, where sensitivity is usually lower than that found in the in vitro experiments. Some of the most developed cellular models are structures obtained using three-dimensional bioprinting, which include not only malignant cells, but also biogels to imitate the chemical and mechanical properties of the extracellular matrix of the tumor.
FEATURES OF BIOCHEMICAL HOMEOSTASIS IN RATS WITH ANTI-TUMOR EFFECT PRODUCED BY IRON NANOPARTICLES
Authors: Kachesova P.S. , Goroshinskaya I.A. , Zhukova G.V. , Kaplieva I.V. , Neskubina I.V. , Golomeeva N.S. , Andreyko E.A.
Published: December 2023

Overloading a tumor with iron (Fe) is a promising strategy for cancer therapy. A number of papers have demonstrated a self-dependent anti-tumor effect of Fe nanoparticles (NPs) in vivo. However, an excessive amount of this trace metal can produce a negative effect on the organism.
Re-bordering the Archive: European Transnational Archives and Transnational Entanglements
Authors: Badenoch Alec , Clark Emily , Jancovic Marek
Published: December 2023

Two decades ago, the European Union began a major effort to digitize heritage and make it available through European-scale portals such as Europeana and EUscreen. These efforts were explicitly aimed at removing barriers - both the barriers of access to the archives as well as the national boundaries of heritage - to allow for new narratives of shared experience to develop. In this special issue we seek to reflect on how these changes have re-drawn the borders of audiovisual archives. Drawing on ideas of borders as complex assemblages, it seeks to understand how archival borders are shaped and transgressed by (socio)technical elements, legal and organizational elements, and cultural elements.
Derangement of liver function tests in dengue patients
Authors: Chaudhary Ram Dev , Jha Siddhi Datri , Sah Vijay Kumar , Mandal R. N. , Pandey Manish , Yadav Bipin Kumar , Mahato Tarkeshwor , Sah Kirti Kumari , Sah Abhijeet , Chaudhary Ram Prabodh
Published: December 2023

Background: Changes in the liver function test may serve as an early marker for timely diagnosis and identification of patients who may develop severe dengue. The purpose of this study was to examine the link between dengue fever severity and liver function test.
Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted in the Department of General Medicine, Madhesh Institute of health sciences, provincial hospital, Janakpurdham in which we included dengue positive patients (aged 18 years or more) based on NS1 antigen or high titer on IgM/IgG testing from July 2023 till August 2023. We excluded patients with diseases like malaria, cirrhosis of liver, enteric fever, viral hepatitis or any other disease or taking any medication which can derange LFT.
Results: We included 96 patients fulfilling the study criteria. Of these, 71% had DF, 22% had DHF and 7% had DSS. Among liver enzymes, mean AST of the patients was significantly higher in DSS group of patients (775.19±39.65 U/l), as compared to those in the DF and DHF group of patients, p value <0.01. Similarly, mean ALT of the patients was significantly higher in DSS group of patients (387.8±18.6 U/l), as compared to those in the DF and DHF group of patients, p value<0.01. On the contrary, mean alkaline phosphatase levels were similar between the three patient groups.
Conclusions: Based on the results our study, we conclude that raised AST and ALT levels were significantly associated with severity of DSS and DHF. Patients with dengue infection should have a baseline liver function test and subsequent LFT monitoring to detect early hepatic impairment.
Assessment of electrolyte imbalance among benign prostate hyperplasia patients in Western Kenya
Authors: Ongonga Royronald , Menza Nelson , Demba Rodgers N.
Published: December 2023

Background: Benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) results in the enlargement of the gland and ultimately obstructs the bladder and the kidney. The effect on the kidney results in the dysregulation of the electrolyte causing electrolyte imbalance.
Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study conducted at a tertiary teaching hospital aimed at assessing the levels and severity of electrolyte imbalance among BPH patients. The blood samples were analyzed for electrolytes and PSA levels for both patients and control group. An Independent t-test was used to compare the means of the BPH patients and healthy control subjects. Chi-square was used to determine the association between the electrolyte imbalance and the PSA levels of the BPH patients.
Results: The mean age of the BPH patients and the healthy individuals was 65.47±12.55 and 64.52±12.19 years respectively. Hyponatremia, and hypernatremia were observed in 26.08% (n=104) and 4.22% (n=8) of the BPH patients respectively. There was a statistical significance positive correlation between potassium (K) and sodium (Na) concentrations (r=0.350, p<0.01), as well as a notable positive association between chloride (Cl) and magnesium (Mg) levels (r=0.288, p<0.01). PSA biomarker levels varied among the patients. There was a statistical significance (<0.0001*) difference in PSA levels between the BPH patients and the control group.
Conclusions: With high prevalence of electrolyte imbalance among BPH patients there is a need to monitor the electrolytes and PSA levels in the management of BPH aiming at restoration of kidney function.
Factor associated with mental health of patients during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Rodea Montellano Sarahi Elizabeth , Zárate Ayón Erick José , Aguirre Garcia Maria del Carmen , Olvera Pérez Yolanda
Published: December 2023

Background: The objective of this study was to determine the factors associated with the psychological impact on patients due to the COVID-19 pandemic in primary care.
Methods: Study was analytical cross-sectional, prior authorization from the local research committee and informed consent, a survey was applied to 468 beneficiaries of the family medicine unit number 2 of Mexico City, which contained sociodemographic aspects, background, habits and behaviors, styles of coping, fear of death, and the DASS-21 scale. Descriptive and analytical statistics were used Chi square OR CI at 95% considering significance when p<0.05.
Results: The sociodemographic profile of the studied population were 61.3% women, 40.6% in the range of 35-59 years, 44.4% undergraduate education, 42.1% single marital status and 23.5% professionals. 56% reported symptoms in any of the mental health subscales, of which 35% were depressive symptoms, 44.9% anxiety symptoms and 37.8% stress symptoms. Associated factors were fear of the pandemic, having suffered from COVID-19, being a professional, feeling of loneliness, changes in character. p 0.00.
Conclusions: The pandemic affected mental health, so it is important to carry out an intentional search for the degree of repercussions to provide timely treatment as part of comprehensive care at the first level of care.
Histopathological spectrum in cases of abnormal uterine bleeding: a cross sectional study in tertiary care hospital in Tripura
Authors: Reang Noni Gopal , Bhaumik Arup , Banerjee Alpana , Roy Jayanta , Datta Abhijit
Published: December 2023

Background: Majority women encounter abnormal uterine bleeding in their life where the causes are not limited to cancer even unknown. The actual cause has not been studied in north-east part of India. This data is scarce in State of Tripura. The present study aims to find out histomorphological patterns of AUB reported in AGMC & GBP Hospital in a calendar year.
Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted over 2 calendar year from 2021 to 2022 where the cases of AUB irrespective of age, who had undergone endometrial biopsy, endometrial curettage and hysterectomy in Obstetrics and Gynaecology department, AGMC were examined histomorphologically in the dept of Pathology, AGMC. Data were collected in predesigned proforma and analysed using SPSS 21.0 and expressed in both descriptive and inferential statistics. Ethical approval was taken.
Results: Total 220 cases of AUB specimens were examined. Among the reported AUB cases, the mean age is 42.5±7.42 year. Overall, 16.81% of the cases of AUB shows normal tissue pattern and 83.19% with abnormal endometrial tissue. Out of 220 sample of AUB, the commonest cause was leiomyoma (20.45%) followed by endometrial hyperplasia (17.27%), adenomyosis (14.54%), mixed tumour lesion (9.09%), endometrial carcinoma (4.54%) and 1.35% shows cervical cancer.
Conclusions: Study concluded that In Tripura, majority AUB cases are due to leiomyoma, endometrial hyperplasia, adenomyosis and mixed inflammation indicating proper screening during reproductive stage of the women.
LDL levels and ejection fraction in ischemic stroke patients: a hospital based cross-sectional study
Authors: Das Soumya K. , Raj A. Thomas Edwin , Jebasingh Y. Kingsly , Kannan B. , Pai Hrishikesh S.
Published: December 2023

Background: Ischemic stroke is a top contributor to mortality amongst non-infectious diseases. Atherosclerosis is a major risk factor. This study aims to assess LDL levels and ejection fraction in ischemic stroke patients.
Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in Government Thoothukudi Medical College from November, 2022 to April, 2023. 35 patients admitted in the neuromedicine ward and diagnosed as acute ischemic stroke were included in the study after informed consent and ethical clearance. Patients with acute neurological deficit and evidence of infarct on diffusion-weighted MRI were included. Patients with no evidence of infarct on DWI, those already on lipid lowering therapy, patients with a history of cerebrovascular disease or transient ischemic attacks were excluded. Blood for lipid profile taken after 8 hours of overnight fasting. Echocardiography done for all patients.
Results: Of the 35 patients, 26 (74.28%) were men, mean age was 62.4. 57.14%  ischemic stroke patients had their LDL levels elevated, 28.57% had decreased HDL, 28.57% had total cholesterol levels elevated, and in 14.28% triglycerides was elevated. This study also observed the cardiac status of the patients which showed 29% patients had decreased ejection fraction.
Conclusions: This study concluded that most patients had elevated LDL levels which is an independent risk factor of ischemic cerebrovascular disease. LDL levels were also associated with decreased ejection fraction in a significant number of patients. Thereby it can be concluded that elevated LDL cholesterol levels can add to the cardiac risk, potentially contributing to stroke morbidity and mortality.
Immediate effect of sciatic neurodynamic slider and tensioner technique on hamstring flexibility and postural balance in healthy adults: a randomized control trial
Authors: Yogeshwar Dharmita , Sahoo Tapaswini
Published: December 2023

Background: Inadequate hamstring muscle flexibility leads to impaired balance in healthy individuals. So, the present study is conducted to evaluate the immediate effect of neurodynamic slider and tensioner technique on hamstring muscle flexibility and balance in healthy individuals.
Method: Total 42 healthy individuals both male and female age between 18-26 with AKE <70 degree participated in the study. 42 individuals were randomly assigned in two groups. Group A received neurodynamic slider technique followed by group B received tensioner technique. AKE angle was immediately examined before and after the intervention to evaluate hamstring flexibility.
Results: Results is concluded that both slider and tensioner technique are equally effective to improve hamstring muscle flexibility (p<0.05) and balance in healthy individuals within the group but. As the findings of between the group shows that both the techniques are equally effective not superior on one another (p>0.05).
Conclusions: This study concludes that both the neural slider and tensioner techniques were equally effective in immediately increasing the hamstring flexibility and dynamic postural balance in healthy individuals.
Alpha-1-antitrypsin level as a predictor of acute exacerbations in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a prospective observational study
Authors: Chetambath Ravindran , Kathim Rayees A. , Ibrahim Ramseena
Published: December 2023

Background: This prospective study investigated if alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT) levels could predict chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations needing hospitalization.
Methods: 106 COPD subjects hospitalized for acute exacerbations were enrolled. Past 2-years’ records were evaluated for prior exacerbation hospitalizations. AAT levels and post-stabilization FEV1 were assessed during current hospitalization. Exacerbation frequency correlated to current AAT levels and lung function.
Results: Significant inverse association found between AAT levels and hospitalized exacerbations, indicating utility as a predictive biomarker for COPD patients prone to recurrent severe flares requiring admission. Patients with lower AAT levels also exhibited poorer lung function per lower FEV1 values.
Conclusions: Monitoring AAT levels may promote timely interventions in high risk individuals susceptible to relapsing catastrophic exacerbations needing inpatient care. Further research warranted to validate findings and explore if supplementing deficient AAT reduces exacerbation frequency, thereby improving prognosis in this debilitating disease.
Association of periodontal health with physical and emotional well-being among pre and postmenopausal women in Bangalore: a cross sectional study
Authors: L. Angelin Mary , Shanbhag Namita , Puranik Manjunath P.
Published: December 2023

Background: Menopausal transition is frequently accompanied by physical, emotional as well as periodontal health changes in pre and postmenopausal women due to the decline in circulating blood oestrogen levels. Aim was to investigate the association of periodontal health with physical and emotional well-being among pre and postmenopausal women aged 35-65 years.
Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among 150 pre and 150 postmenopausal women in Bangalore urban district Women Health Questionnaire was used to assess physical and emotional well-being. WHO Oral Health Assessment form for adults 2013 along with plaque and gingival indexes were used to assess the periodontal health status. Descriptive, bivariate, multiple linear regression analysis were carried out. A p<0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: The mean age among pre and postmenopausal women were 40.09±2.24 years and 55.42±5.7 (p<0.001). The mean scores of depression/anxiety mood; somatic symptoms; memory/concentration; vasomotor symptoms; sleep problem was significantly higher in postmenopausal compared to premenopausal group (p<0.001). The mean number of teeth with gingival bleeding (12.93±8.0 and 6.94±5.68); deep periodontal pocket (2.05±1.61 and 0.44±0.97) were higher in postmenopausal group in comparison to the other group respectively (p<0.001). Depression was significantly associated with periodontal health of women in both the groups.
Conclusions: Women after menopause experienced more physical and emotional changes. Periodontal health status was found to be poor among postmenopausal women compared to premenopausal women.
A study of vitamin C, superoxide dismutase and FEV1/FVC ratio in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Mulani Manzura R. , Deshmukh Savita , Masaram Shrikant W. , Bhave Dilip
Published: December 2023

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive lung disease characterized by incomplete reversible airflow limitation, which is associated with emphysema and chronic inflammation. Oxidative/antioxidant imbalance is one of the mechanisms of the current pathogenesis of COPD ECSOD is an antioxidant protein that scavenges superoxide free radicals from cigarette smoke and protects the lungs from free radical damage and chronic inflammation.
Methods: Vitamin C was estimated by acid phosphotungustate on spectrometer at 660nm (Ayekygw 1978) method. SOD was estimated by Marklund S and Marklund G (1974) modified by Nandi and Chatterjee.  FEV1/FEV ratio was done by spirometry technique.
Results: The present study revealed that there was an increased oxidative stress in patients with COPD, when compared with controls and also decreased level of antioxidant activity in COPD patients, when compared with controls. In our studies significantly decreased sr. superoxide dismutase activity and FEV1/FVC ratio levels were found in subjects with COPD than healthy normal subjects.
Conclusions: A significant decline in lung function may be associated with altered antioxidant enzyme activity due to the strong correlation between SOD and lung functions with COPD severity.
Study the effectiveness and safety of vitamin D as an additional treatment for type 2 diabetic patients using oral anti-diabetics at a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Shareef Fateen , Fatima Azha , Banavathu Ananth Naik , Mohammed Abdul Wasay , Dronamraju Venkata Anil Chandra , Siddiqua Syeda Ayesha
Published: December 2023

Background: The prevalence of type 2 DM is alarmingly rising on a global scale. Improved treatments for type 2 DM are still needed, in order to slow the disease’s development. A role in the pathophysiology of type 2 DM has been suggested by the correlation between vitamin D insufficiency and several non-skeletal illnesses, including DM. The goal of the study was to determine if vitamin D supplementation may help type 2 DM patients whose glycemic status was uncontrolled even after using oral antidiabetics.
Methods: 60 individuals with type 2 DM and vitamin D insufficiency participated in this 12-week open-label, before-and-after study. For 12 weeks, in addition to oral anti-diabetic medications, these patients also received 60,000 IU of vitamin D3 orally every week. HbA1c, FBS, and 25(OH)D levels parameters were included.
Results: The majority of the patients were from 41-50 years of age group (48.3%) with a male predominance (60%). Most of them were having >1 year of type 2 DM duration (78.3%) with a high family history of type 2 DM (70%). After 12 weeks, there was a substantial (p<0.001*) drop in FBG levels and a significant (p<0.001*) decrease in HbA1c. 25(OH)D levels showed a high rise (p<0.001*). None of the patients had any side effects.
Conclusions: Vitamin D treatment improves glycemic status, which slows the development of type 2 DM and its associated effects. As such, vitamin D supplementation is a safe and promising adjuvant treatment for individuals with type 2 diabetes who are low in vitamin D.