bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TURISMO E EDUCAÇÃO TRANSFORMADORA
Authors: Reichert Leonardo , Crescente Claudio Luis , Baptista Maria Luiza Cardinale
Published: June 2023

Além de promover o desenvolvimento econômico, graças ao contato direto entre povos, culturas e formas de vida diferentes, o turismo pode auxiliar, tanto na paz geral entre as nações, quanto no respeito universal e na observação dos direitos humanos, sem distinção de raça, sexo, língua ou religião. Por outro lado, nota-se um franco declínio do modelo de educação tradicional, frente às novas tendências globais e possibilidades tecnológicas. Desta forma, o presente estudo tem como objetivo, analisar e mensurar a contribuição do conhecimento científico sobre o tema “turismo e educação”. O principal método utilizado na coleta de dados foi a análise bibliométrica. A pesquisa foi realizada em 40 revistas científicas de turismo, buscando artigos que contivessem o termo “educação” em seu título. Os resultados foram divididos em diferentes categorias de análise: Educação Ambiental; Educação Patrimonial; Educação para o Turismo; Educação pelo Turismo; Ensino Superior e Técnico em Turismo; Relação entre Turismo e Educação; e Outros Temas (Educação e Gastronomia; Educação e Hospitalidade; Sociologia e Pós-Graduação em Turismo; Turismo, Educação e Tecnologia; e, Educação Corporativa). Os resultados demonstram que as publicações sobre o tema turismo e educação em periódicos científicos de turismo são recentes e há uma concentração das pesquisas com a temática Educação Ambiental. Por fim, foram selecionados subsídios teóricos que corroboram com o tema “turismo e educação transformadora”.
Utilizing Bentonite Clay as a Pozzolanic Material to Reduce Cement Consumption and Cost in Construction Industry
Authors: Khan Ullah
Published: June 2023

This research focuses on finding an alternative to expensive cement in the construction industry in Pakistan by utilizing pozzolanic materials, specifically volcanic ash/bentonite clay. By replacing a portion of the cement with bentonite (10%, 20%, 30%, and 40%), the study demonstrates the potential to reduce the net consumption and cost of cement while also contributing to more durable concrete and reducing energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. Physical properties such as setting time and fineness were studied, and the compressive, flexural, and split tensile strength of the mixes were compared at 7 and 28 days of curing. While the strength of the mixes decreased with the successive addition of bentonite, the rate of reduction was much lower at 28 days than at 7 days. The results validate the feasibility of developing low-cost concrete using bentonite as a partial replacement for cement.
Analisis Spasial Kejadian Tuberkulosis (TB) di Kabupaten Kutai Kartanegara Tahun 2017-2020
Authors: Risdayanti Rikha Nur , Pakki Irfansyah Baharuddin , Siswanto Siswanto
Published: June 2023

Tuberkulosis (TB) merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat di Kabupaten Kutai Kartanegara yang masuk 3 besar kasus tertinggi di Kalimantan Timur. Pemetaan tingkat risiko penyakit terhadap suatu wilayah merupakan salah satu upaya pencegahan dan pengendalian TB. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat gambaran spasial dan memetakan kasus TB berdasarkan faktor epidemiologi dan geografis di Kabupaten Kutai Kartanegara. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan geographical epidemiology menggunakan data Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Kutai Kartanegara Tahun 2017-2020. Sampel penelitian menggunakan total sampling population yaitu seluruh kasus TB di Kabupaten Kutai Kartanegara dengan pengolahan data menggunakan aplikasi QGIS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kasus TB sebagian besar terjadi pada laki-laki, berusia ≥15 tahun, kepadatan penduduk kurang padat, cakupan kunjungan pelayanan kesehatan tinggi, jumlah tenaga kesehatan masyarakat telah memenuhi standar minimal dan cakupan imunisasi BCG rendah. Diharapkan kepada Dinas Kesehatan dan Fasyankes setempat untuk meningkatkan pencegahan penyakit yang ditekankan pada kondisi permasalahan wilayah masing-masing seperti pemenuhan cakupan imunisasi BCG yang masih rendah dan peningkatan kompetensi pemegang program TB serta keterlibatan komunitas berisiko untuk mengurangi kejadian TB.
The 2020 Presidential Debate But Only the Parts Where Someone Breathes Loudly or Sighs
Authors: Whalen Zach
Published: June 2023

This essay is both an artist statement and a case study focusing on the surprising viewership of a video I created in 2020 unexpectedly became popular in April 2021. In the course of this reflection and analysis, I show how the meaning of this video involves the algorithms driving the YouTube platform, and the various and painful contexts of the year 2020. Although I view the video as a successful piece of art in its own way, I also argue that, as a meme, it must also be viewed with reference to its three salient contexts: the deformative meme ecology, YouTube as a platform, and the year 2020. Because the memetic logics demonstrated by my video bring together the participatory logics of appropriation with the capricious attention of the YouTube algorithm, my access to the videos’ audience analytics affords a unique perspective on the memetics of resonance and spread. Ultimately, a close analysis of this video will shed light on the ecology of video memes on YouTube, the recommendation algorithm as an audience, and the way that those two structures come into view through the analytics data to offer insight on viewers’ responses that not typically available to artists. Ultimately, I conclude that the qualities of media encouraged by the analytics dashboard’s emphasis on engagement are not necessarily consistent with the goals of critical media art, but it is possible to consider how further attention to metrics could create compelling art with attention to algorithmic affordances.
Simulating Dissociation: The Psychedelic Experience and Videogame Space
Authors: Oldenburg Aaron
Published: June 2023

In this essay, the author details their own original experiments with using the qualities of psychedelic experiences, specifically those brought on by the atypical psychedelic, salvia divinorum, to inform game design. It discusses the brief history of games designed with varying levels of influence from psychedelic drugs and culture. It details the benefits of this approach, such as the development of design strategies that are potentially useful in creating simulations that provoke empathy for symptoms of mental illness, suggesting paths for future exploration.
Pandemic Genres: Processing the COVID-19 Pandemic through Electronic Literature
Authors: Nacher Anna , Pold Søren , Rettberg Scott
Published: June 2023

This essay surveys works of electronic literature and digital art initiated in the earliest months of the pandemic that are reflective the specific conditions and anxieties of the period. Here, we offer critical readings of these works to provide a better understanding of how electronic literature and digital art were used to process the experience and communicate the experience of the COVID-19 pandemic. Through an analysis of 13 works by 18 authors, certain traits and commonalities are identified as characteristic of a period-specific genre of COVID E-Lit. These include: an impulse towards the post-digital with crossovers both to analog artistic practice and forms such as net art more common to the early web; a focus during the periods of lockdown on domestic, local, and interior environments; digital takes on a chronicle mode of storytelling familiar from prior pandemic periods; meditation on the loss and substitution of shared public space; use of text generation to represent repetitive and interminable experiences of the pandemic; consideration of the virus itself as a language and on language as a manifestation of power and control; the influence of ubiquitous visualizations and statistical representations of the pandemic; and a desire to wrestle with the implications of the massive cultural shift to digital platforms that took place during the pandemic.
Collaborations: Call for AI/Chat Generated Essays
Authors: Saper Craig J.
Published: June 2023

A description and call for 1000-word essays on collaborations with and about AI-Bots.
Conversations and Collaborations
Authors: Saper Craig J.
Published: June 2023

A set of three essays collaboratively written by Craig J. Saper and ChatGPT, on the subjects of hope, circularity and economics.
Responsabilidade civil e risco ambiental em áreas contaminadas e em áreas degradadas órfãs
Authors: Kokke Marcelo
Published: June 2023

Este artigo analisa o regime jurídico das áreas contaminadas e sua repercussão na definição dos padrões de responsabilidade ambiental. A abordagem compara a matriz definidora de contaminantes no Brasil e nos Estados Unidos e vincula a configuração jurídica da área contaminada a partir dos níveis de substâncias tóxicas existentes e dos usos a que se destinam os recursos naturais. O método de pesquisa utilizado é dedutivo, acompanhado de análises comparativas. Propõe-se análise da relação entre poluição do solo e da água e a identificação de parâmetros para atribuição de responsabilidade na reparação de danos. Conclui-se que a determinação de uma área contaminada não é feita de forma isolada na avaliação de seus níveis de substâncias de risco para a saúde humana e para o meio ambiente: deve-se avaliar a localização e a destinação de uso da área, pois irá repercutir na fixação do dever de reparação de danos ambientais.
Effectivity CaO/Hydrotalcite catalyst to biofuel microalgae Nannochloropsis sp conversion
Authors: Mirzayanti Yustia Wulandari , Zakariya Muhammad Fadkhul , Saputra Denny Angga
Published: June 2023

Along with the rapid development of the times, the need for energy is also increasing. Fossil energy in Indonesia reaches 95% of Indonesia’s energy needs. For this reason, it is necessary to find a solution to overcome this, one of which is using renewable energy which must also be environmentally friendly. One alternative energy that has been discovered and is still being developed is biofuel. One of the raw materials that can be used for the production of biofuels is the microalgae Nannochloropsis sp. This study aimed to determine the effect of operating time on %yield and FFA of the biofuel produced and the effect of loading catalyst on %yield and FFA of the resulting biofuel. The highest %yield of crude and the lowest FFA were observed at a reaction time of 3 hours and a catalyst loading of 0.45 %wt with values of 47.981 and 0.064, respectively. The lowest %yield of crude and the highest FFA were obtained at a reaction time of 1 hourwith a catalyst loading of 0.4 %wt with values of 25.730% and 0.133, respectively.
The effect of pressure on the concentration of methane and carbon dioxide absorption in biogas
Authors: Huda Hairul , Aditya Revy , Worotikan Rivaldo Bodewyn Julian , Nurdin Nurdin
Published: June 2023

Biogas is playing a vital role in the emerging market for renewable energy. Biogas is an alternative energy that can be used as a substitute for fossil energy. The main composition of biogas is methane gas (CH4) and carbon dioxide gas (CO2) with a small amount of hydrogen sulfide (H2S). Therefore, it is necessary to do treatment to enrich gas methane and reduce CO2 and H2S content in optimizing the use of biogas. Absorption is a CO2 capture technology often used in the chemical industry. A chemical absorption technique using a solvent solution is one of the most widely used techniques to capture CO2. This research uses MDEA (Nmethyldiethanolamine) solvent as an alkanolamine solution dissolved in water. The unit operation usually used to carry out the absorption process is an absorber, and the type of absorber used is a spray column absorber. Simulating variations in pressure on the absorber was conducted in this research. The result of this research is that the increase in pressure will increase the composition percent of CH4 in sweet gas and increase the amount of CO2 absorption in biogas. The best result of absorber pressure is obtained at a pressure of 48 bar. The purity of CH4 and %removal of CO2 in biogas can be solved simply by using the evaluation parameters of the various absorber pressures presented, which we expect to contribute to the biogas industry in the future.
MtTGA1 Transcription Factor Enhances Salt Tolerance through Hormonal Regulation and Antioxidant Enzyme Activity in Medicago truncatula
Authors: Shuwen Li , Hong Xie , Yinglong Chen , Wei Jia , Di Dong , MengDi Wang , Tiejun Zhang , Liebao Han , Yuehui Chao
Published: June 2023

The TGACG motif-binding factor1 (TGA1) transcription factor, a significant protein in the bZIP transcription factor family, exhibits a myriad of functions, contributes to numerous biological events, and holds substantial application potential. In this study, our analysis revealed a diverse range of photoregulatory and hormone regulatory elements within the MtTGA1 promoter region. The expression profile of MtTGA1 indicated its highest expression in the root, with its regulation influenced by SA, ABA, BR, and GA. Under salt stress conditions, transgenic plants demonstrated significantly longer root lengths and heightened activities of antioxidant enzymes such as ascorbic acid catalase (APX), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in their roots and leaves compared to control plants. Simultaneously, the levels of endogenous hormones ABA and BR escalated in transgenic plants, with a marked change in the morphology of their leaf cells. Transcriptome analysis identified a total of 193 differentially expressed genes, implicating a wide array of biological processes. Furthermore, we found that MtTGA1 is able to interact with Medicago truncatula SPX domain containing protein 1 (SPX1). In conclusion, the MtTGA1 transcription factor plays a crucial role in enhancing salt tolerance, which provides new insights for improving plant survival under salt stress conditions.
Organizational Resilience from a Marketing Perspective: A Conceptual Framework
Authors: Halaby Roger , Rahi Khalil , Azoury And Nehme
Published: June 2023

This paper explores the relationships between marketing strategies, social media platforms, the adoption and diffusion of products and services, and organizational resilience to gain an understanding of the ability of organizations to cope with disruptive events (e.g., COVID-19). This can be achieved through effective marketing strategies and the efficient use of social media platforms. In fact, resilience thinking can help organizations maintain their operations by increasing the adoption and diffusion of their products and services through the use of effective marketing strategies.

To achieve this article’s objectives, a literature review is conducted to help develop a conceptual framework that highlights a clear relationship between the previously discussed concepts. In addition, the novel nature of the relationship between marketing strategies and organizational resilience is dissected and its significance for organizations is demonstrated. In fact, the findings of this study suggest that effective marketing strategies that consider the "what," "who," and "how" dichotomies and the efficient use of social media to promote the adoption and diffusion of products and services can significantly enhance the resilience of organizations.

These relationships can serve as a starting point for further studies examining and empirically analyzing marketing strategies and their positive effect on strengthening organizational resilience.
Bio-Induced Healing of Cement Mortars in Demineralized and in Danube Water: CNN Model for Image Classification
Authors: Nešković Jasmina , Jovanović Ivana , Markov Siniša , Vučetić Snežana , Ranogajec Jonjaua , Trumić Milan
Published: June 2023

Reducing the costs of repairing concrete structures damaged due to the appearance of cracks and reducing the number of people involved in the process of their repair is the subject of a multitude of experimental studies. Special emphasis should be placed on research involving industrial by-products, the disposal of which has a negative environmental impact, as is the case in the research presented in this paper. The basic idea was to prepare a mortar with added granulated blast furnace slag from Smederevo Steel Mill and then treat artificialy produced cracks with a Sporosarcina pasteurii DSM 33 suspension under the conditions of sterile demineralized and water from Danube river in order to simulate natural conditions. The results show a bio-stimulated healing efficiency of 32.02% in sterile demineralized water and 42.74% in Danube water already after 14 days. The SEM images clearly show calcium carbonate crystals as the main compound that has started to fill the crack, and the crystals are much more developed under the Danube water conditions. As a special type of research, microscopic images of cracks were classified into those with and without the presence of bacterial culture. By applying convolutional neural networks (ResNet 50), the classification success rate was 91.55%.
Medico-legal Pitfall in Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma of the External Auditory Canal
Authors: Di Nunno Nunzio , Rizzardi Clara , Cocimano Giuseppe , Esposito Massimiliano , Roccuzzo Salvatore , Scoto Edmondo , Silvestris Franco
Published: June 2023

Ceruminous gland tumours are rare injuries of the external auditory canal (EAC). This tumor, even if considered a slow-growing carcinoma, has high rate of perineural invasion and metastasis. For this reason, it must be promptly diagnosed, then it must be treated with aggressive surgery combined with postoperative radiation. The present case report is about a case of an adenoid cystic carcinoma arising the external auditory canal of 46 years old female patient, who complained hypoacusis and pain. The profile of medical liability is substantiated on the delayed diagnosis when the lately observed tumor progression by the invasion of both surrounding bone and vascular structures.
Field Performance Monitoring of Energy-Generating High-Transparency Agrivoltaic Glass Windows
Authors: Vasiliev Mikhail , Rosenberg Victor , Lyford Jamie , Goodfield David
Published: June 2023

Currently there are strong and sustained growth trends observed in multi-disciplinary industrial technologies such as building-integrated photovoltaics and agrivoltaics, where renewable energy production is featured in building envelopes of varying degrees of transparency. Novel glass products can provide a combination of thermal energy savings and solar energy harvesting, enabled by either patterned-semiconductor thin-film energy converters on glass substrates, or by using luminescent concentrator-type approaches to achieve high transparency. Significant progress has been demonstrated recently in building integrated solar windows featuring visible light transmission of up to 70%, with electric power outputs of up to Pmax ~ 30-33 Wp/m2. Several slightly different designs were tested during 2021-2023 in a greenhouse installation at Murdoch University in Perth, Western Australia. The objective of this paper is to report on the field performance of these PV windows in the context of agrivoltaics, and to provide some detail of the performance differences measured in several solar window designs related to their glazing structure materials. Methods for the identification and quantification of long-term field performance differences and energy generation trends in solar windows of marginally different design types are reported. The paper also aims to outline the practical application potential of these transparent construction materials in built environments, focussing on the measured renewable energy figures and seasonal trends observed during the long-term study.
Incidence of Mycotoxin in Algerian Workers
Authors: Mendes Marta Isabel , Cunha Sara Cristina , Rebai Iméne , Fernandes José Oliveira
Published: June 2023

Mycotoxins are fungal secondary metabolites, which can cause acute and chronic toxic effects in animals and humans. The present study aimed to determine multi-mycotoxin levels in Algerian workers using urine as target. A method based on a QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe) extraction procedure followed by LC-MS/MS (liquid-chromatography tandem mass spectrometry) was optimized and validated for determination of 11 mycotoxins in 96 urine samples. Different sorbents were tested to be used in the dispersive solid-phase extraction (d-SPE) cleanup step of QuEChERS. The final method was fit-for-purpose and showed good analytical performance in terms of specificity, linearity and precision. All samples contained at least 2 mycotoxins, being toxin-2 (T-2) the most common, which was found in 92.7% of the samples, followed by zearalenone (ZEN) with 90.6% of positive samples, and ochratoxin A (OTA) with 86.4%. T-2 levels ranged from 0.3 μg/L to 36.3 μg/L, while OTA ranged from 0.3 μg/L to 3.5 μg/L and ZEN ranged from 7.6 μg/L to 126.8 μg/L. This was the first mycotoxin biomonitoring study carried out in the Algerian population. The findings highlight the need of accurate data for better risk assessment and the development of better regulation to manage mycotoxin contamination in this country.
Achieving Assessment Equity and Fairness: Identifying and Eliminating Bias in Assessment Tools and Practices
Authors: Khasawneh Mohamad Ahmad Saleem , Khasawneh Yusra Jadallah Abed
Published: June 2023

The objective of this study is to examine different types of bias present in assessment tools and techniques, identify and eliminate any forms of favoritism, and suggest effective approaches for advancing equity and objectivity in assessment procedures. The research utilizes a qualitative methodology, incorporating surveys and focus group discussions with educators and students to collect data. Thematic analysis is a method employed for the purpose of analyzing qualitative data. The results suggest that students hailing from diverse cultural backgrounds perceive partiality in the language and cultural context of evaluations, leading to diminished scores. According to academic professionals, standardized tests are subject to bias, and offering accommodations that cater to linguistic and cultural diversity may improve the academic achievement of students from diverse cultural backgrounds. The findings of this research are of great importance to professionals in the domains of education, policy development, and academia who seek to improve assessment practices and promote equitable educational opportunities for all learners.
Free-form dual-comb spectroscopy for compressive sensing and imaging
Authors: Giorgetta Fabrizio , Potvin Simon , Deschênes Jean-Daniel , Coddington Ian , Newbury Nathan , Baumann Esther
Published: June 2023

Time programmable frequency combs enable new measurement paradigms for dual-comb spectroscopy (DCS) that are free of many of the constraints found in traditional DCS. As opposed to fixing the repetition rate offset between combs, free-form DCS is based on full control of the temporal offset between the dual comb pulse trains, thereby enabling user-selectable sampling patterns that optimize resolution, signal-to-noise ratio, species selectivity or acquisition time. Here we show that free-form DCS enables compressive sensing. We demonstrate compressive sensing at factors up to 155, with a corresponding reduction in acquisition time, while maintaining spectral resolution. We also demonstrate molecular recurrence sampling (which can be thought of as an extreme case of compressive sensing) for detection of a single gas with >15× higher sensitivity than traditional DCS. Finally, free-form DCS can more easily enable spectral imaging since its rf signal is narrow band, in contrast to traditional DCS, and therefore compatible with the finite readout times of focal plane arrays. We demonstrate imaging of methane plumes across a 128×64 pixel focal plane at a 250 Hz rate. In the future, this flexible free-form approach can enable applications ranging from rapid open-path spectroscopy to nonlinear multidimensional comb-based spectroscopy.
Bioremediation of zinc metals and microplastics by biosynthesizing zinc oxide nanoparticles from isolated bacteria of the Caspian Sea, Iran
Authors: Haghighatjoo Motahare , Hanachi Parichehr , Mohammadi Ali , Moradlou Omran
Published: June 2023

The high levels of environmental pollutants like heavy metals and microplastics have prompted researchers to invent new remediation strategies, which might be accompanied by drawbacks, including the risk of secondary pollution, being costly, and inefficient. So, the aim of this study is the reduction of these environmental pollutants by the application of nanoparticle-producing bacteria. For this purpose, from 22 screened bacterial isolates of the Caspian Sea, the isolate (N1.5.2) was used to produce ZnO NPs, which were characterized by techniques like FTIR, XRD, Raman, SEM, EDX, UV-vis spectroscopy, Zeta potential, and DLS. Subsequently, different protocols of bacterial nanoparticle production (using supernatant, extract, biomass, and dilution) were compared by UV-vis spectroscopy. Then, the produced nanoparticles were applied to polystyrene microplastics to degrade them. This process was monitored by SEM and FTIR. The selected bacterial isolate (N1.5.2) was identified and its phylogenetic tree of life was depicted. The results of the blast illustrated 100% similarity of N1.5.2 to Bacillus cereus. The produced ZnO NPs peaked at 360 nm in their UV-vis spectrum. They showed a crystalline structure in the zincite phase and dispersed in the range of 171–262 nm in an aqueous environment with a PDI of 0.444 and zeta potential of -5.60 meV. Moreover, the comparative study between different production protocols has shown that ZnO nanoparticles produced by bacterial extract have higher UV-vis peak values. Furthermore, the photocatalytic activity of ZnO NPs and microplastic degradation has been proved by SEM and FTIR.
WGCNA-Based Identification of Hub Genes and Key Pathways Involved in Obesity
Authors: Yuan Yin , Sun Xuan , Wang Jinyuan , Wu Zixuan , Tian Zhikui , Zeng Xianyue , Zhang Naijin , Wang Hongwu
Published: June 2023

The prevalence of obesity is increasing, yet its pathogenesis and therapeutic targets are still unclear, and the efficacy of existing therapeutic modalities is limited. Therefore, it is crucial to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of obesity and to explore potential molecular targets for obesity drug therapy. The expression dataset (GSE73304) was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database (GEO), and the data were divided into C and P groups, which were normalized for differentially expressed genes analysis (DEGs), Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). The intersecting genes obtained by DEGs and WGCNA were analyzed by three machine learning methods (LASSO, RandomForest, SVM-REF), and the gene ROC curves, genetic differences between groups and correlations between genes were analyzed after obtaining the major genes. Based on WGCNA and machine learning, this study found that several genes were significantly different between healthy and obese populations and closely associated with multiple molecular mechanisms, and these genes may serve as potential targets for drug therapy and diagnostic biomarkers, which need further studies to elucidate.
Lung sounds Ventilation Cycle Segmentation and Classify Healthy Asthma and COPD
Authors: harman güneş
Published: June 2023

The identification of the ventilation cycle holds significant importance in clinical cases, as it provides crucial insights into respiratory patterns. Each individual breathing cycle possesses unique characteristics that are closely linked to specific pathological information. This phenomenon plays a vital role in the accurate diagnosis of respiratory diseases and aids in making informed decisions regarding the overall health status of the subject. In this particular study, the classification of subjects as either healthy or pathological asthma or COPD was performed using two popular machine learning algorithms: Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN). These algorithms were employed to analyze the inspiration and expiration phases of the respiratory cycle, extracting valuable information for the classification task. By leveraging the distinctive features observed during these phases, the algorithms aimed to accurately categorize individuals based on their respiratory health. The classification results obtained from the ANN and KNN algorithms were evaluated using sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy metrics. Additionally, this study compares the actual lung sound signals that have been labeled and categorized by medical professionals (Class 1) and automatically segmented lung sound signals (Class 2). These signals are obtained through an automated segmentation process that extracts specific portions of the recorded lung sounds based on predefined criteria.
WITHDRAWN: Overlapping Targets of Shh and Gata3 during Craniofacial Development
Authors: Kar Ranjeet D. , Eberhart Johann K.
Published: June 2023

Background
Congenital birth defects are among the leading causes of infant mortality. Phenotypic variation in these defects results from a combination of genetic and environmental factors. One example of this is the modulation of palate phenotypes caused by mutation of the transcription factor Gata3 via the Sonic hedgehog (Shh) pathway. We exposed zebrafish to a subteratogenic dose of the Shh antagonist cyclopamine, and another group to both cyclopamine and gata3 knockdown. We performed RNA-seq on these zebrafish to characterize the overlap of Shh and Gata3 targets.
Results
We examined those genes whose expression patterns mirrored the biological effect of exacerbated misregulation. These genes were not significantly misregulated by the subteratogenic dose of ethanol but more misregulated by combinatorial disruption of Shh and Gata3 relative to Gata3 alone. Using gene-disease association discovery, we were able to refine this gene list to 11 that have published links to clinical outcomes similar to the gata3 phenotype or with craniofacial malformations. We also used weighted gene co-expression network analysis to identify a module of genes that correlate strongly with co-regulation by Shh and Gata3. This module is enriched in genes related to Wnt signaling.
Conclusions
We found numerous differentially expressed genes in response to cyclopamine treatment, and even more from double treatment. Most notably, we found a group of genes whose expression profile mirrored the biological effect of Shh/Gata3 interaction. Pathway analysis implicated the importance of Wnt signaling in Gata3/Shh interactions in palate development.
RNA-Seq Transcriptome Profiling of Immature Grain Wheat: A Comparative Modeling of Baking Quality
Authors: Ahmadi-Ochtapeh Hossein , Soltanloo Hassan , Ramezanpour Seyyede Sanaz , Yamchi Ahad , Shariati Vahid
Published: June 2023

Improving the baking quality is a primary challenge in the wheat flour production value chain, as baking quality represents a crucial factor in determining its overall value. In the present study, we conducted a comparative RNA-Seq analysis on the high baking quality mutant “O-64.1.10” genotype and its low baking quality wild type "Omid" cultivar to recognize potential genes associated with bread quality. The cDNA libraries were constructed from immature grains that were 15 days post-anthesis (DPA), with an average of 16.24 and 18.97 million PE short-read sequences in the mutant and wild-type, respectively. A total number of 733 transcripts with differential expression were identified, 584 and 189 of which were obtained with significantly differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the mutant and the wild-type, respectively. In addition, the families of HSF, bZIP, C2C2-Dof, B3-ARF, BES1, C3H, GRF, HB-HD-ZIP, PLATZ, MADS-MIKC, GARP-G2-like, NAC, OFP and TUB were appeared as the key transcription factors with specific expression in the “O-64.1.10” genotype. At the same time, pathways related to baking quality were identified through Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). Collectively, we found that the endoplasmic network, metabolic pathways, secondary metabolite biosynthesis, hormone signaling pathway, B group vitamins, protein pathways, pathways associated with carbohydrate and fat metabolism, as well as the biosynthesis and metabolism of various amino acids, have a great deal of potential to play a significant role in the baking quality. Ultimately, the RNA-seq results were confirmed using qRT-PCR for some hub genes such as alpha-gliadin, Low molecular weight glutenin subunit (LMW-GS) and terpene synthase (gibberellin) and as a resource for future study, 127 EST-SSR primers were generated using RNA-seq data.
Comparative Evaluation Of Tapentadol And Tramadol In Reducing Pain Mandibular Third Molar Surgery
Authors: Magoo Surabhi , Bhate Kalyani , Kakodkar Pradnya , Kshirsagar Kapil , Magoo Simran
Published: June 2023

Objective: This study was carried out to compare the analgesic efficiency of Tapentadol against Tramadol after surgical removal of mandibular third molar.
Methods: This was a prospective, triple-blind, split mouth, cross-over study conducted on 24 patients requiring bilateral surgical removal of mandibular third molar with similar difficulty index under local anesthesia. Group A [n=24] represented Tapentadol and Group B [n=24] represented Tramadol. Pain was the outcome assessor which was recorded using the Visual Analogue Scale [VAS 0-10] on post-operative day 1 [POD1] and post-operative day 5 [POD5] respectively. 48 extraction sites were randomly assigned by simple randomization with a 1:1 allocation ratio to Tapentadol or Tramadol. The operator, co-investigator who recorded the VAS scores and the statistician were blinded. The patient enrollment and allotment was done independently by another researcher.
Results: VAS score for pain on POD1 was significantly lesser in Group A than Group B [P < 0.0001]. VAS score on POD5 showed no significant difference [P = 0.14]. The number of rescue medications required were more in Group B. No significant harm or unintended effects were observed in any of the groups at the end of the study.
Conclusion: This study showed that Tapentadol has better analgesic effect when compared with Tramadol after surgical removal of mandibular third removal.
Clinical Relevance: Hence, tapentadol could be considered as drug of choice for pain control after mandibular third molar surgery.
Quantifying the Effects of Water Management Decisions on Streambank Stability
Authors: Wei Quan , Layzell Anthony , Brookfield Andrea
Published: June 2023

Both natural processes and human activities alter streamflow conditions, which can significantly affect streambank erosion and stability, leading to negative consequences including sedimentation of reservoirs, contamination of streams, loss of productive land, and damage to infrastructure. Hydrological conditions, which are often controlled by water management infrastructure (e.g., reservoirs and dams) and decisions, are a major factor affecting streambank erosion and stability. While significant research has studied the relationships between hydrology and water management, as well as hydrology and streambank stability, there is little research that considers the connection between water management and streambank stability. The objective of this work is to develop a module to investigate how water management decisions, particularly reservoir operations, affect streambank stability.
A module was developed to estimate streambank stability using a factor of safety approach, with hydrologic conditions derived from an established integrated hydrologic model. This module is validated and then demonstrated using integrated hydrologic model results from the Lower Republican River Basin in Kansas, USA. Results applied to this basin indicate that several water management decisions, such as groundwater pumping and timing of reservoir releases, may negatively affect streambank stability by changing pore water pressure, the weight of the streambank soil, and the pressure differential between surface and subsurface. Given that most of the rivers and streams of the world are regulated by reservoir operations, this work demonstrates why this water management needs to be considered in simulations of streambank stability.
Analysis of Genetic Variations in NSP4 of Type 1 Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus in China
Authors: Sha Huiyang , Zhang Hang , Luo Qin , Zheng Yajie , Li Gan , Kong Weili , Huang Liangzong , Zhao Mengmeng
Published: June 2023

Background
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is constantly evolving, and the detection rate of PRRSV-1 in China has been increasing annually. To investigate the prevalence and genetic variation of NSP4 in PRRSV-1 in China, 40 PRRSV whole-genomes sequences were collected and the NSP4 sequences were selected for nucleotide and amino acid homology analysis. In addition, amino acid site variation analysis was performed on the NSP4 sequences of the 40 PRRSV strains, and phylogenetic trees were constructed based on the whole-genomes and NSP4 sequences of 86 PRRSV strains.
Results
The nucleotide homology of NSP4 between 32 PRRSV-1 and 8 PRRSV-2 strains ranged from 57.3–62.4%, and the amino acid homology ranged from 58.6–64.5%. The nucleotide homology of NSP4 among the 32 PRRSV-1 strains ranged from 75.4–100.0%, and the amino acid homology ranged from 81.3–100.0%. Comparison of the NSP4 amino acid sequences of 32 PRRSV-1 and 8 PRRSV-2 strains revealed that the biggest difference was a deletion at the 83rd amino acid residue in PRRSV-1, and other differences manifested as varying degrees of mutations at multiple amino acid sites. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the PRRSV-1 strains isolated in China clustered into four subgroups of Subtype 1 Global: Amervac-like, BJEU06-1-like, HKEU16-like, and NMEU09-1-like strains.
Conclusion
PRRSV-1 NSP4 exhibits similarities to Subtype 1 Global strains and clusters into four subgroups. Although it differs from PRRSV-2 with a deletion in the 83rd amino acid residue, the catalytic triad amino acid residues are conserved. These findings have important implications for the development of secure and reliable detection methods and guide further research on PRRSV-1, providing a theoretical foundation for the development of new drugs and vaccines.
Friction stir butt-welding of magnesium thin sheets with surface depositional carbon nanotube for the synthesis of hybrid material joint
Authors: Shen Mingjie , Liu Xing , Ying Tao , Wang Jingya , Xue XiangZhen , Jia Junhong
Published: June 2023

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
The state of metaverse research - a bibliometric visual analysis based on CiteSpace
Authors: Li Huike , Li Bo
Published: June 2023

Objective: To understand the current status of research in the field of metaverse, and to analyze the research progress and evolutionary trends in this field. Methods: Based on the bibliometric analysis, a total of 259 papers were obtained by searching the Web of science core database for the keyword "metaverse" after elimination. CiteSpace was used to visualize and analyze the current status and trends of metaverse research in China. Results: China is currently the country with the largest number of publications in this field. India is currently the country with the highest research impact. A research network has been formed with Nanyang Technological University as the core. More than 1/3 of the authors in the field of metaverse research are core authors, and 10 research hotspots have been formed, such as artificial intelligence and social existence. Conclusion: The current research on metaverse in various fields is basically in its infancy, but has a great potential for future development and will gradually penetrate into many different directions. [
CT features of radiation-induced lung injuries can show the prognosis after stereotactic ablative radiotherapy in early-stage non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Wang Fang , Wang Lin , Yang Hong , chen Wujie , Ruan Lei , Xu Yujin , Jiang Haitao
Published: June 2023

Objective
To investigate the correlation between peritumoral radiation-induced lung injuries and prognosis of early non-small cell lung cancer after stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR).
Methods
Clinical data and follow-up imaging data of patients with early NSCLC who received SABR treatment in Department of Thoracic Radiotherapy of Zhejiang Cancer Hospital from January 2012 to December 2018 were retrospectively collected, and the Progression Free Survival (PFS) was calculated. CT features of peritumoral radiation-induced lung injuries were observed by 3 radiologists with more than 10–15 years of experience. CT features of peritumoral radiation-induced lung injuries were divided into 3 types. Type 1 was diffuse consolidation around the tumor with the tumor boundary covered. Type 2 is the diffuse ground glass shadow around the tumor, which is distributed in the range of more than 180 degrees around the tumor. Type 3 is the patchy ground glass shadow surrounding the tumor within a range of less than 180 degrees. Log-rank test was used to analyze the correlation between CT features of radiation-induced lung injuries and PFS rate of NSCLC after SABR. Independent influencing factors of PFS rate were analyzed by COX multivariate regression.
Results
5-year PFS rate corresponding to CT features of peritumoral radiation-induced lung injuries 3–5 months after SABR in early lung cancer were type 1:68.1%; Type 2:73.1%; Type 3:35.3%; there was a statistical difference between the CT features of three types of peritumoral radiation-induced lung injuries (p = 0.006). The 5-year PFS rate corresponding to the CT features of peritumoral radiation-induced lung injuries 6–8 months after SABR were type 1:69.5%; Type 2:50.9%; Type 3:36.1%; there was statistical difference between the CT features of three types of peritumoral radiation-induced lung injuries (p = 0.025). COX multivariate regression analysis showed that the CT features of peritumoral radiation-induced lung injuries were independent factors influencing PFS rate (at 6–8 months follow-up after radiotherapy (p = 0.041).
Conclusions
CT features of peritumoral radiation-induced lung injuries can predict the recurrence risk of early non-small cell lung cancer after SABR, and the type of CT features at 6–8 months after SABR was an independent predictor of recurrence risk.
Colorectal Cancer Deaths in South America: time-series analysis
Authors: Correa Alvin J. H. , Freiberg Ernesto D. , Birnenbaum Silvia J. , Avancini Constanza , Popielik Nicolás A. , Regazzoni Carlos Javier
Published: June 2023

Background
Colorectal cancer (CRC) in South America causes 69,435 deaths annually; mortality rates are heterogeneous across countries. Limited resources in public health systems defy screening and treatment interventions, rendering forecasting and modeling invaluable policy-making tools. We aimed to forecast CRC deaths in individuals aged 55 or older in South America for the period 2020–2030 using time-series analysis and assess heterogeneity in CRC death rates.
Methods
Time-series analysis were used to forecast CRC mortality in South America in individuals aged 55 + years. ARIMA and Bayesian with Gaussian processes (GP) and Markov-Chain Montecarlo Simulation models were developed. Heterogeneity in CRC mortality rates across countries was evaluated. Data were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease study.
Results
Between 2020 and 2030, South American countries are expected to record between 680,514 (ARIMA) and 548,372 (GP) CRC deaths in individuals aged 55 or older, both sexes. Brazil and Argentina with the highest burden. The ARIMA model predicts an increase in annual deaths from 52,905 (2020) to 70,811 (2030), while the GP model predicts a slight decrease from 51,343 (2020) to 43,344 (2030). Mortality rates vary significantly between countries, with Uruguay having the highest in 2010 (236.12/100,000) followed by Argentina and Brazil.
Conclusion
Both the ARIMA and GP models predicted that more than half million people would dye of CRC in South America during the next decade. Mortality rates will be heterogeneous among countries. Accurate forecasting is essential for effective public policies. Continued research and concerted efforts are necessary to address the burden of CRC and to explain causes of varying mortality rates.
Boosting the Electron Beam Transmittance of Field Emission Cathode Using a Self-Charging Gate
Authors: Xiao Dongyang , Sun Leimeng , Du Huanhuan , Suo Xiaochen , Wang Yurong , Zhang Yili , Kuang Shuangyang , Song Peiyi
Published: June 2023

The gate-type carbon nanotubes (CNTs) cathodes exhibit advantages in long-term stable emission owing to the uniformity of electrical field on the CNTs, but the gate inevitably reduces the transmittance of electron beam (E-beam), posing challenges for system stabilities. In this work, we introduce an E-beam focusing technique using the self-charging SiNx/Au/Si gate. The surface potential of SiNx is measured to be approximately -60 V quickly after the cathode turning-on, the negative potential can be maintained as the emission goes on. The charged surface generates rebounding electrostatic forces on the following electrons, significantly focusing the E-beam on the center of gate hole and allowing them to pass through with minimal interceptions. An average transmittance of 96.17% is observed during a 550-hour prototype test. We believe that this high-efficiency, long-term stable cathode has great potential for using in neutralizers, solar sails and tethered satellites in the long-term space missions.
Mechanical modeling of groove rolling for heavy plate based on the weighted average yield criterion
Authors: Zhang Shun Hu , Wan Liang Wei , Zhang Yi , Chen Dong
Published: June 2023

A new model is constructed using the weighted average yield criterion (WA criterion) to eliminate the excessive model error in estimating the groove rolling force of a heavy plate. To this end, under the precondition of plane deformation, a two-dimensional strain rate fieldfor describing groove rolling is established in the cylindrical coordinate system. The WA criterion, replacing the Mises yield criterion (Mises criterion), is introduced to calculate the internal deformation power based on the strain rate field. The shear power and friction power are also obtained according to the shear yield condition derived from the criterion. Finally, an analytical rolling force model is established based on the variational principle. The results are compared with those by a model based on the Mises criterion and their corresponding measured ones. The model developed in this paper is proven to be more accurate than the model using the Mises criterion. Through parameter analysis, it is found that the groove rolling force is significantly affected by these parameters, such as the size of the rolled workpiece, reduction, and friction factor. The present research can serve as a scientific foundation for high-precision groove rolling control for the heavy plate.