bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigation of Burnout, its Associated Factors and its Effect on the Quality of Life of Critical Care Nurses Working in Buraydah Central Hospital at Qassim Region, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alotni Majid Ali , Elgazzar Samia Eaid
Published: September 2020

Background:

Burnout is a grave problem for critical care workers because they are exposed to prolonged psychosocial stressors, including advanced technology, high responsibilities and great patient acuity. The aim of this study was to investigate burnout, its associated factors and its effect on self-care among critical care nurses.

Methods:

A descriptive correlational research design was carried out with 170 critical care nurses at Buraydah Central Hospital at Qassim Region in Saudi Arabia. A self-administered questionnaire including socio-demographic and work-related characteristics was used, as well as the Short Form SF12 to assess the quality of life, and the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) to assess the level of burnout.

Results:

The three Maslach Burnout Inventory subscales, high emotional exhaustion and depersonalization, low personal accomplishment and moderate total burnout score were used. The quality of life measure (sF12) showed moderate levels of physical, mental component score and total score of quality for the critical care nurses. Factors associated with burnout include age, nationality, and years of experience and the wish to change department showed statistical significance. Burnout and quality of life score had a significant negative correlation.

Conclusion:

Age, nationality, years of experience and wish to change department are all significantly associated with burnout. Finally, burnout and quality of life score of these critical care nurses had a negative significant correlation.
IFWG-TOPSIS Model for Supporting Infant Failure Assessment in an Offshore Wind Turbine System
Authors: Aikhuele Daniel O. , Ighravwe Desmond Eseoghene , Babatunde Olubayo Moses
Published: September 2020

Introduction:

System failure analysis is an essential aspect of equipment management.
This analysis improves equipment reliability and availability. However, to assess infant failure under
dynamic criteria, reliability engineers require special models.

Method:

Hence, this study uses an Intuitionistic Fuzzy Weighted Geometric (IFWG) and Intuitionistic
Fuzzy Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) methods to
develop an IFWG-TOPSIS model for infant failure assessment. We consider a case study of
Offshore Wind (OFW) turbine infant failure assessment.

Result:

During the model evaluation, this study considered an infant failure of the turbine's main
shaft, blade bearings, pitch system, jacket and monopile support structure, and gearbox. Risk factor,
spare part weight, technical importance, cost, and complexity criteria were used to evaluate these
components’ reliability. The results show that the blade bearings (S2) and main shaft are the most
and least reliable components, respectively. To validate the model’s performance, we compared its
results with Gümüş and Bali’s and standard VIKOR models results. These models selected the same
components as the most and least reliable components, respectively. Thus, the proposed model is
suitable for OFW turbine’s infant failure assessment.

Discussion:

It can be deduced that the use of the modified IFWG operator to calculate the intuitionistic
fuzzy distance measure in standard TOPSIS model as the capacity to produce realistic results
that can compete with existing decision-making methods.

Conclusion:

This study has investigated the use of techno-economic criteria for OFW turbine components’
infant failure assessment. A fuzzy-based model was used to establish the connection between
the criteria and the components. We developed this model using the Intuitionistic Fuzzy
Weighted Geometric (IFWG) and Intuitionistic Fuzzy Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity
to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) methods. Using experts’ judgments, data were obtained for the developed
model evaluation and validation.
The Impact of Digitalization on Employee Performance In Banking Sector
Authors: P.R. Jeyalakshmi  , A.S. Lakshmi Rani
Published: September 2020

The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of digitalization on employee performance in banking sector. Methodology: This paper was completed with the assistance of intensive literature on technological advancement (Digitalization) and worker performance on the market on the databases and websites. Primary knowledge has been utilized in this paper to examine the impact of digitization advancement on worker performance. it absolutely was worked out that digitalization Like cloud computing, digitalized payment and assortment system, cyber system, knowledge analytics etc.. Greatly escalates the productivity of workers in conjunction with time saving. It greatly affects the work on workers and ensures management over mistakes and frauds. Fast access to data and simple use of that data permits the bank workers in downside resolution, to deliver quality service and improve ability. And conjointly it's evident that technical problems like network downside scale back the productivity and performance. However, the Banks that implement new technology ought to give correct coaching to its employees; it'll increase their performance and skills. Findings: Total of one hundred fifty questionnaires has been distributed among totally different banks workers and out of that one hundred were get completed and came back. Once analyzing the info terribly expeditiously, As digitalization and performance cares, we discover that there's important relationship among them. And it's conjointly noted that there is would like of coaching and motivation to beat the challenges because of digitalization in banking system. The calculable multiple correlation analyses establish important impact of digitalization on employee Performance. Analysis limitations / Implications: additional analysis are needed on this theory "The impact of digitalization on employee performance in banking sector"
Impact of Perceived Value on Customer Loyalty
Authors: Shailesh Pandita  , Sushil Kumar Mehta
Published: September 2020

Customers are considered to be the most important aspect of the business. Survival of the business in terms of the profitability and sustainability depends upon its customers. For the Long and profitable survival of the business it is important to create the value for the customer and to cater their needs. It is very important for the company to attract the potential customers and retain the existing ones because it is the customers who create the demand of the products or services in the market. It is very important for any business to create the value for its customers to increase their satisfaction level with respect to product and organization. Satisfied customers have a higher probability of repeat purchases and long term relationship with the business which ultimately creates the customer loyalty. In the current Competitive business scenario customer loyalty is considered one of the important intangible assets of the business for the formulation of any business strategy. In such environment loyal customers can provide a competitive advantage for any business for the long survival. The aim of this study is to find the relationship between Customer Perceived Value, communication and customer loyalty in rural retailing.
Оптические свойства, зонная структура и проводимость межфазной границы раздела гетероструктуры 3C-SiC(111)/Si(111), выращенной методом замещения атомов
Authors: Кукушкин С.А. , Осипов А.В.
Published: September 2020

Spectral ellipsometry in the photon energy range 0.5–9.3 eV was used to study epitaxial films of single-crystal silicon carbide of a cubic polytype 3C-SiC of 20–120 nm grown from silicon Si by atom substitution method. It was found that at the 3C-SiC (111) / Si (111) interface a thin intermediate layer is formed with a dielectric function corresponding to semimetal. This result is confirmed by quantum chemical modeling of the properties of the 3C-SiC (111) / Si (111) interface. It was shown that the conductivity of the layer is associated with p-electrons of Si atoms of SiC at the interface of the phases which are as far as possible from the Si atoms of the substrate.
Пространственные оптические ловушки на основе многопучковой интерференции
Authors: Шостка (Ляхович) Н.В. , Соколенко Б.В. , Каракчиева (Сидоренкова) О.С. , Шостка В.И.
Published: September 2020

In present work is demonstrated a model for the formation of spatial optical traps for capturing, moving and angular orientation of microparticles based on the superposition of several Gaussian beams in various geometric configurations with controlled parameters.
Радиоизлучение, создаваемое электрическим пробоем пленки полипропилена
Authors: Пахотин В.А. , Сударь Н.Т.
Published: September 2020

During electrical breakdown of a thin film of polypropylene, radiation of a radio pulse was detected. The pulse duration is about 400 ns. The spectrum of the radio pulse consists of three main frequencies. The relationship between the breakdown channel resistance and the observed spectrum is substantiated
Konsep Pendidikan Islam Pada Remaja di Era Disrupsi Dalam Mengatasi Krisis Moral
Authors: Nudin Burhan
Published: September 2020

The development of technology and globalization directly or directly can affect the moral development of adolescents in the millennial era. In the millennial era humans began to abandon the conventional ways of living their lives and were replaced by lifestyles. Today's modernization lifestyle which is a trend has a positive impact as well as a very large negative impact. The aims of this study are to determine Islamic education role in children, especially among adolescents, to overcome the moral crisis that is happening in society. This study uses descriptive analytical method to discuss the subject with the Library Research technique. The results indicate that religious education has a central role in tackling and preventing moral decline in adolescents in the disruption era. Changes in the teaching approach and the concept of education must be changed to keep pace with the times. The concept of religious teaching must be shifted, namely by utilizing developing technology and increasing the propagation institutions such as TPA and Majelis Ta'lim around the community and the condition that is as per the way of life of every locale.
Restoration of Coherent Images
Authors: Zelenka Claudius
Published: September 2020

In dieser Thesis werden mehrere neue Algorithmen für eine qualitativ hochwertige Restaurierung von kohärenten Bildern vorgestellt. Diese Aufgabe kann mit den bekannten
Methoden für die Restaurierung von nicht kohärenten Bildern nicht gelöst werden. Die neuen Algorithmen sind auf die Wiederherstellung von Bildern in kohärenten Abbildungssystemen,
bei denen die Aberrationen a-priori bekannt sind, ausgerichtet. Sie dienen der Korrektur der Wellenfront und erreichen eine wesentlich höhere Qualität der Bildrekonstruktion als
sämtliche vorbekannte Verfahren. Die Algorithmen in dieser Thesis basieren auf neuesten Optimierungsalgorithmen, wie Projektionen in konvexe Sets, proximale Optimierung und fraktaler
Ähnlichkeit. Die Konvergenz und Leistung der einzelnen Algorithmen wird ausführlich in unterschiedlichen Szenarien mit simulierten und realen Bildern untersucht.
Eine praktische Erprobung der neuen Algorithmen an mikroskopischen Aufnahmen von unterschiedlichen biologischen und humanen Proben, wie auch an Aufnahmen vom Shadowgraph,
bestätigt ihre Effizienz. Die neuen Algorithmen haben vielversprechende künftige Anwendungen, auch in anderen Gebieten, z.B. in der adaptiven Optik und der Astronomie.
Regulatory Sandboxes: A Cure for mHealth Pilotitis? (Preprint)
Authors: Bhatia Abhishek , Matthan Rahul , Khanna Tarun , Balsari Satchit
Published: September 2020

UNSTRUCTURED

Mobile health (mHealth) and related digital health interventions in the past decade have not always scaled globally as anticipated earlier despite large investments by governments and philanthropic foundations. The implementation of digital health tools has suffered from 2 limitations: (1) the interventions commonly ignore the “law of amplification” that states that technology is most likely to succeed when it seeks to augment and not alter human behavior; and (2) end-user needs and clinical gaps are often poorly understood while designing solutions, contributing to a substantial decrease in usage, referred to as the “law of attrition” in eHealth. The COVID-19 pandemic has addressed the first of the 2 problems—technology solutions, such as telemedicine, that were struggling to find traction are now closely aligned with health-seeking behavior. The second problem (poorly designed solutions) persists, as demonstrated by a plethora of poorly designed epidemic prediction tools and digital contact-tracing apps, which were deployed at scale, around the world, with little validation. The pandemic has accelerated the Indian state’s desire to build the nation’s digital health ecosystem. We call for the inclusion of regulatory sandboxes, as successfully done in the fintech sector, to provide a real-world testing environment for mHealth solutions before deploying them at scale.
Use of mHealth to Increase Physical Activity Among Breast Cancer Survivors With Fatigue: Qualitative Exploration (Preprint)
Authors: Martin Elise , Di Meglio Antonio , Charles Cecile , Ferreira Arlindo , Gbenou Arnauld , Blond Marine , Fagnou Benoit , Arvis Johanna , Pistilli Barbara , Saghatchian Mahasti , Vaz Luis Ines
Published: September 2020

BACKGROUND

Physical activity has shown beneficial effects in the treatment of breast cancer fatigue; nevertheless, a significant portion of patients remain insufficiently physically active after breast cancer. Currently most patients have a smartphone, and therefore mobile health (mHealth) holds the promise of promoting health behavior uptake for many of them.

OBJECTIVE

In this study, we explored representations, levers, and barriers to physical activity and mHealth interventions among inactive breast cancer patients with fatigue.

METHODS

This was an exploratory, qualitative study including breast cancer patients from a French cancer center. A total of 4 focus groups were conducted with 9 patients; 2 independent groups of patients (groups A and B) were interviewed at 2 consecutive times (sessions 1 to 4), before and after their participation in a 2-week mHealth group experience consisting of (1) a competitive virtual exercise group activity (a fictitious world tour), (2) participation in a daily chat network, and (3) access to physical activity information and world tour classification feedback. We used a thematic content analysis.

RESULTS

Several physical activity levers emerged including (1) physical factors such as perception of physical benefit and previous practice, (2) psychological factors such as motivation increased by provider recommendations, (3) social factors such as group practice, and (4) organizational factors including preplanning physical activity sessions. The main barriers to physical activity identified included late effects of cancer treatment, lack of motivation, and lack of time. The lack of familiarity with connected devices was perceived as the main barrier to the use of mHealth as a means to promote physical activity. The tested mHealth group challenge was associated with several positive representations including well-being and good habit promotion and being a motivational catalyzer. Following feedback, modifications were implemented into the mHealth challenge.

CONCLUSIONS

mHealth-based, easily accessed group challenges were perceived as levers for the practice of physical activity in this population. mHealth-based group challenges should be explored as options to promote physical activity in a population with fatigue after breast cancer.
The influencing factors of cyberchondria in residents in China during the COVID-19 epidemic: health anxiety and online information seeking behavior. Cross-sectional study. (Preprint)
Authors: Luo Aijing , Peng Xiao-Qing , Chen Yang , Zhang Yi-Chuan , Liu Fei , He Hai-Yan , Luo Ting , Dai Ping-Ping , Xie Wen-Zhao
Published: September 2020

BACKGROUND

Cyberchondria is considered “the anxiety-amplifying effects of online health-related searches”, and associated with health anxiety and online health-related information seeking behavior. However, data on the prevalence and influencing variables of cyberchondria are still scarce. Until now, there have been few studies on cyberchondria in residents in China, especially in the context of COVID-19 outbreaks in China.

OBJECTIVE

To investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of cyberchondria in residents in China during the epidemic period of coronavirus disease 2019.

METHODS

The participants were 674 community residents of a Chinese city surveyed from February 1 to 15, 2020. We administered online measures, including the Chinese Short Form of the Cyberchondria Severity Scale (CSCS), Short Health Anxiety Inventory (SHAI), eHealth Literacy Scale (eHEALS), Patient Health Questionnaire-15 (PHQ-15), and COVID-19-related online information seeking behavior questionnaire.

RESULTS

In our study, the average CSCS total score of residents was 30.65±11.53 during the virus epidemic; 79.4% of participants had a moderate level of cyberchondria, while 11.1% experienced a higher level of cyberchondria. Gender, age, monthly income, education level, personal illness with Helicobacter pylori infection, relatives’ illness with chronic bronchitis, COVID-19-related online information seeking frequency and duration were all significantly associated with the CSCS total score (p<.05), SHAI total score (β=0.598>0, P<.05), and eHEALS score (β=0.162>0, P<.05). Searching for information on diagnosing COVID-19 (β=2.28>0, P<.05) and the use of general search engines (β=1.867>0, P<.05) were independent risk factors for cyberchondria, while searching lasting less than 10 minutes each (β=-2.992<0, P<.05), the use of traditional media digital platforms (β=-1.650<0,P<.05), and the use of professional medical communication platforms (β=-4.189<0,P<.05) were independent protective factors for cyberchondria.

CONCLUSIONS

Most Chinese residents have a moderate level of cyberchondria, and cyberchondria has a strong positive association with health anxiety in residents in China during the virus epidemic. Searching online for less than 10 minutes for COVID-19-related information is an adoptable suggestion, and choosing a traditional media digital platform and a professional medical communication platform are recommended and helpful for alleviating cyberchondria.
Virtual Reality Behavioral Activation as an Intervention for Major Depressive Disorder: Case Report (Preprint)
Authors: Paul Margot , Bullock Kim , Bailenson Jeremy
Published: September 2020

BACKGROUND

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a global problem with an increasing incidence and prevalence. There has additionally been an increase in depression due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Behavioral activation is considered an evidence-based treatment for MDD. However, there are many barriers that could hinder one’s ability to engage in behavioral activation, with COVID-19 “shelter-in-place” and social distancing orders being current and large impediments. Virtual reality (VR) has been successfully used to help treat a variety of mental health conditions, but it has not yet been used as a method of administering behavioral activation to a clinical population. Using VR to engage in behavioral activation could eliminate barriers that pandemic precautions place and help decrease symptoms of depression that are especially exacerbated in these times.

OBJECTIVE

The following case report examines the feasibility, acceptability, and tolerability of VR behavioral activation for an adult with MDD during a global pandemic. This participant was part of a larger pilot study, and the case serves as a description of the VR intervention.

METHODS

The participant engaged in a weekly 50-minute psychotherapy Zoom session for 4 weeks, in which a modified behavioral activation protocol was administered using a VR headset to simulate activities. Data on mood ratings, homework compliance, and headset use were obtained from the headset. Acceptability, tolerability, and depression symptoms were obtained using self-report rating scales.

RESULTS

The intervention was feasible, acceptable, and tolerable, as reported by this participant. The participant’s depressive symptoms decreased by five-points on the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 over a month, with a beginning score of 10 (moderate depression) and a final score of 5 (mild depression).

CONCLUSIONS

The implications of these findings for future research are discussed.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04268316; http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04268316
DESIGN AND IN VITRO EVALUATION OF SUSTAINED RELEASE MATRIX TABLETS OF METFORMIN PRODUCED USING DETARIUM MICROCARPUM GUM
Authors: OKAFO SINODUKOO EZIUZO , ALALOR CHRISTIAN ARERUSUOGHENE , ORDU JOHN IKECHI
Published: September 2020

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate sustained release matrix tablets of metformin formulated using Detarium microcarpum gum (DMG) as the matrix polymer.

Methods: DMG was produced by acetone desolvation of the filtrate obtained by maceration of powdered seeds of Detarium microcarpum in distilled water. Metformin matrix tablets were prepared by direct compression technique using DMG or sodium carboxymethylcellulose (NaCMC) alone, or their combinations as the polymer matrix. The tablets were evaluated for hardness, friability, weight uniformity, drug content, swelling behaviour and in vitro dissolution. They were compared to a marketed product.

Results: The results of the evaluation showed that the tablets had physical characteristics that were within the acceptable limits and were comparable to the marketed product. They include hardness (7.13±1.99 to 13.17±1.59 Kgf), friability (0.40 to 0.80%), and drug content (95.11 to 104.17%). Formulations MTF2 (30% DMG) and MTF6 (20% DMG and 10% NaCMC) showed good sustained release behaviour, as they released 75% of the drug within 7 to 9 h and 100% release in more than 12 h.

Conclusion: DMG alone or with NaCMC was successfully used to formulate sustained release metformin matrix tablets that were comparable to the marketed product.
Trabajar juntas: Sistematización del diseño e impartición de un curso virtual en alfabetización informacional para docentes universitarios
Authors: Rivera Aguilera Alma Beatriz , Ochoa Carrasco Indira , Vergara Mendoza Genoveva
Published: September 2020

Es común que en el ámbito de la formación en línea se mencione la importancia del trabajo en equipo. Sin embargo, la complejidad de la colaboración humana nos muestra que es un reto conciliar intereses y complementar habilidades en la vida real. Este trabajo tiene por objetivo compartir la experiencia colaborativa en el diseño e impartición de un curso en línea sobre habilidades de información para docentes universitarios, con el fin de identificar buenas prácticas y procesos de transformación intragrupales. El equipo estuvo integrado por dos pedagogas bibliotecarias y una psicóloga educativa. Una vez finalizado el proyecto se planteó indagar sobre cuáles fueron los factores que abonaron para el éxito del mismo. El enfoque utilizado para recuperar la experiencia fue la sistematización a partir de un escrito colectivo; se analizó el texto utilizando el método de teoría fundamentada. Los resultados muestran una categoría central, Trabajar Juntas, con dos dimensiones: I. Nivel institucional (apoyo institucional, una política clara de formación docente, la importancia de la competencia y contenidos que desarrolla el curso –en este caso el Alfin–) y II. Nivel de convergencia en lo personal y profesional (la importancia del diseño colaborativo, coincidencia en lo personal y laboral y la tutoría colaborativa).
Vulnerabilidad en la ciudad costera: Modelo de prevención del riesgo hidrometeorológico
Authors: López Ortiz Jorge
Published: September 2020

El daño que generan los fenómenos hidrometeorológicos al territorio mexicano, en particular a la ciudad de Veracruz, se inserta en los procesos de construcción del riesgo asociados al calentamiento global, se agudiza a través de las particularidades del territorio y de las formas de habitarlo. En el contexto de la planificación de una ciudad costera, el diseño del modelo de prevención integral de riesgos detona estrategias de mitigación hacia entornos urbanos habitables y dota de herramientas de decisión a las comunidades expuestas. Construir un modelo de decisión permite responder en materia preventiva ante los efectos que las amenazas como los huracanes e inundaciones generan en las ciudades costeras.
Configuración espacial, vitalidad urbana y riesgo de robo: el caso de la Ciudad Universitaria de la UNAM
Authors: Ortíz-Chao Claudia Gabriela , García Esparza Luis Sergio
Published: September 2020

En el presente trabajo se analizan cuatro espacios de la Ciudad Universitaria (CU) de la UNAM a diferentes escalas con el uso de herramientas de la metodología de sintaxis espacial, con la finalidad de investigar la relación de las características morfológicas y espaciales con la incidencia de robo a transeúntes, de acuerdo con las denuncias proporcionadas por el Portal de Datos de la Ciudad de México. Se parte de entender el lugar de la Ciudad Universitaria en el urbanismo moderno y cómo las ideologías que le dieron forma son parte esencial de la manera en que su estructura funciona hasta el día de hoy, y se resalta la clara diferencia entre su configuración y la de la ciudad convencional. Los primeros resultados indican que, si bien, algunas características sintácticas de la red son relevantes, las características morfo-espaciales que tienen que ver con funciones, actividades y, consecuentemente, uso y co-presencia en el espacio son vitales para la seguridad.
La utilización de herramientas tecnológicas en el diagnóstico del patrimonio construido como medio para un análisis espacial arquitectónico
Authors: Molotla Xolalpa Pedro Tlatoani
Published: September 2020

Este documento está estructurado como texto científico, con una introducción al tema, así como una breve explicación sobre las herramientas tecnológicas utilizadas para el diagnóstico y análisis de los bienes construidos, para continuar con la metodología de estudio, donde se indica la consulta de fuentes y manejo de datos con los que se ha trabajado. Sobre los resultados, se describe la información generada a partir de los estudios referidos en la metodología y finalmente la conclusión revela aportaciones que podrían ser de utilidad para la conservación del patrimonio construido a partir de la utilización de herramientas tecnológicas en el diagnóstico y análisis como metodología para la mitigación de riesgo y vulnerabilidad.
La reconstrucción del paisaje cafetalero de Coatepec a partir de sus fuentes históricas
Authors: Hernández Fuentes Rebeca
Published: September 2020

Este artículo aborda una parte de la metodología llevada a cabo en la investigación doctoral La configuración del paisaje cafetalero a partir de los procesos industriales de fines del siglo XIX, la cual se enfoca en el análisis y contraste de las fuentes históricas cartográficas, gráficas y líricas para la reconstrucción de un paisaje pasado que no ha detenido su evolución, pero del que se conservan un sinnúmero de reductos. El material en cuestión proporciona datos cuantitativos y características sensibles que permiten hacer una aproximación de cómo era percibido el paisaje en el pasado en la región de Coatepec, Veracruz, sobre todo a partir del auge cafetalero, fenómeno que a su vez fue consecuencia de una serie de procesos derivados de la industrialización y de los múltiples y abruptos cambios que se dieron durante las últimas tres décadas del siglo XIX y las primeras del XX.
Editorial. Riesgos y Vulnerabilidad
Authors: Contreras Padilla Alejandra , Gómez Porter Pablo Francisco
Published: September 2020

En décadas recientes, el crecimiento de las manchas urbanas en todo el planeta ha sido desmedido. Las ciudades se desarrollan en zonas no aptas para soportarlas, dadas sus condiciones naturales. Los centros urbanos crecen cerca de riso, de las costas, rodeando volcanes activos, en zonas sísmicas, minadas, antiguas áreas lacustres hoy desecadas, pero que inminentemente representan un alto riesgo para la población.La problemática se agrava a causa del calentamiento global, provocando fenómenos meteorológicos de mayos intensidad, como huracanes, tormentas tropicales, sequías, incendios forestales, etcétera; los daños materiales cada vez son mayores, así como el número de damnificados. Por un lado, algunas causas de estas vulnerabilidades son producto de los fenómenos naturales, pero también las hay generadas por factores antrópicos, como la extracción de agua del subsuelo, la explotación de minas, el crecimiento urbano en zonas de alto riesgo o la contaminación de la atmósfera.La percepción de los riesgos para los individuos va desde los aspectos psicológicos, sociales, culturales, hasta los físicamente palpables como inundaciones, hundimientos, socavones, el desabasto de agua, las contingencias ambientales, epidemias, etcétera.¿Qué se hace desde la academia para mitigar o reducir los efectos destructivos de los fenómenos meteorológicos y los provocados por el hombre, a los cuales se enfrentan las estructuras urbanas en la actualidad? En ambos sentidos, se han desarrollados numerosos estudios en los que se proponen análisis históricos de las distintas problemáticas, de las causas y los efectos que producen las afectaciones a la población, así como propuestas que deriven en soluciones a los efectos negativos de estos estragos. Es por ello, que en este número de la revista Academia XXII se presentan trabajos inéditos de especialistas en los distintos temas relacionados con riesgos y vulnerabilidad en zonas urbanas.
Cenaprov y el crecimiento urbano de Pereira 1973-1987. Una mirada a la construcción barrial de Pereira desde sus márgenes
Authors: Arias Quiceno Otoniel , Restrepo Botero Julián Andrés
Published: September 2020

El crecimiento exponencial de la población en Colombia y el éxodo masivo de personas del campo a la ciudad a mediados del siglo XX a causa principalmente del fenómeno de la violencia, derivó en carencias habitacionales y en la conformación de invasiones en las ciudades.  En ese contexto, la organización social de izquierda Central Nacional Provivienda (CENAPROV), promovió la construcción de diez planes de vivienda en la ciudad de Pereira. La presente investigación es un intento por reconstruir el accionar de CENAPROV desde su aparición en la ciudad en 1973 hasta el inicio de su declive en el año de 1987. Así, de la mano de la Metodología de Reconstrucción Colectiva de la Historia RCH y del análisis crítico de fuentes, se aporta a la comprensión de la historia urbana de Pereira desde sus márgenes.  
 
The exponential growth of the population in Colombia and the massive exodus of people from the countryside to the city in the mid-twentieth century mainly due to the phenomenon of violence, led to housing shortages and the formation of slums in the cities. In this context, the left social organization Central Nacional Provivienda (CENAPROV), promoted the construction of ten housing plans in Pereira city. The present investigation is an attempt to reconstruct the CENAPROV actions since its appearance in the city in 1973 until the beginning of its decline in 1987. Thus, together with the Methodology of Collective Reconstruction of the History RCH and the critical analysis of sources, contributes to the understanding of the urban history of Pereira from its margins.
A Signal Theory Model for Continuous Monitoring and Intelligence Systems
Authors: O'Leary Daniel E.
Published: September 2020

Continuous monitoring and intelligence systems analyze data and text from various sources and use that information to monitor risk, controls, reputations, companies, people, opportunities, competition, and other concerns. We summarize some of the previous literature for such systems and the capabilities of existing continuous monitoring systems. Unfortunately, there has been limited theoretical development for such systems. We view the monitored information sources as providing information signals relating to events, activities, issues, etc. Systems must choose what information sources to monitor and gather information from. Unfortunately, choice of such source systems is not a straightforward problem, but must account for time, cost, redundancy, reliability, relevance, information asymmetries, weak signals, and other issues. Further, analytics must be generated to monitor signals created from the information sources to gather the information needed for the system. Accordingly, this paper generates and applies a signal theory model to address these issues.
Epidemiología molecular de aislamientos de Acinetobacter Baumannii en la ciudad de Guayaquil
Authors: Núñez Quezada Tamara de la Luz , Hernan Rodríguez Carlos , Klinger Rincon Hamilton , Nastro Marcela , Balderrama Yarhui Nora , Dabos Laura , Acosta Mosquera Yessenia , Plaza Moreira Natasha , Famiglietti Ángela
Published: September 2020

Objetivo: describir brote causado por acinetobacter baumannii recuperado en dos centros asistenciales de la ciudad de Guayaquil, mediante técnicas de epidemiología molecular. Materiales y métodos: treinta y tres aislamientos de A. baumannii fueron recuperados de dos centros médicos de la ciudad de Guayaquil, Ecuador, entre noviembre de 2012 y octubre de 2013. Los aislamientos fueron identificados mediante MALDI-TOF y por la presencia de blaOXA-51. El análisis epidemiológico se realizó mediante PCR. Resultados: 33 aislamientos fueron sensibles solo a colistina. En 29 se detectó OXA-24/40. La secuenciación del ADN identificó a blaOXA-24/40 como blaOXA-72. Todos presentaron el mismo patrón de PCR. Conclusión: se presenta el primer brote de blaOXA-72 en aislados de A. baumannii en América del sur. Este es el primer estudio llevado a cabo en la República de Ecuador.
Distrofia muscular de Duchenne. Presentación de casos
Authors: Guapi Nauñay Víctor Hugo , García Orbe Jorge Renán
Published: September 2020

La distrofia muscular de Duchenne es una enfermedad muscular grave ligada al cromosoma X que afecta al gen que codifica la distrofina, proteína fundamental para el mantenimiento de la fibra muscular. Se caracteriza por debilidad muscular de inicio en la infancia, que sigue un curso progresivo. Sin intervención alguna, los pacientes pierden la marcha antes de la adolescencia, y el fallecimiento ocurre en la segunda década de vida por complicaciones respiratorias o problemas cardiacos. Actualmente no existe tratamiento curativo, pero la terapia con corticoides y el manejo multidisciplinario y ortopédico, modifican la historia natural de esta miopatía.
Sepsis y shock séptico por Staphylococcus Aureus metilrresistente de la comunidad (SARM- AC) hospital de niños Dr. Roberto Gilbert Elizalde, unidad de cuidados intensivos pediátricos, 2016, reporte de caso
Authors: Paez Pesantes Xavier Ulpiano , Ordóñez Ximena , Sarango Irina , Arboleda Inés , Guayalema Marisol
Published: September 2020

Los procesos  infecciosos constituyen una causa muy importante de morbi-mortalidad a nivel mundial, por lo que se espera que el tratamiento adecuado en el momento oportuno genere un impacto positivo en la Salud Pública. Sin embargo, el tratamiento convencional puede no ser el adecuado cuando se deben combatir microorganismos que han desarrollado mecanismos de resistencia a los antibióticos de primera línea de elección.El presente caso es de interés medico debido a la agresividad con la que  se presentó  la infección por S. áureos  de  la comunidad en un paciente de 8 años 11 meses de edad  hospitalizado en la Unidad de Cuidados intensivos Pediátricos del Hospital Roberto Gilbert, con cuadro clínico de  4 días de evolución sin antecedentes previos ,   que se inició con alza térmica no cuantificada , además de dolor e incapacidad funcional  de  rodilla  izquierda, acompañado de  dolor  abdominal  difuso,  ictericia  en piel y mucosas, además de signos de dificultad respiratoria, que ingreso con  datos de respuesta inflamatoria sistémica,  con evolución  rápida hacia shock séptico   con resultados positivos para S. Aureus en  Hemocultivos y MARSA,     dicho cuadro  fue refractario a líquidos  y drogas con evolución rápida y signos   de falla multiorgánica  con  SOFA de 13,   llegando a fallecer   en  sus  primeras 48 horas de hospitalización en la Unidad.  El   S.  Aureus resistente a meticilina (SARM) ha sido considerado como un patógeno exclusivamente nosocomial asociado en muchas ocasiones a brotes hospitalarios, actualmente es conocido que el SARM está asociado a infecciones adquiridas en la comunidad   con alto porcentaje de mortalidad. El objetivo básico de este reporte de caso el dar a conocer  la agresividad de este germen  para   crear estrategias de manejo   y sobre todo de prevención de su transmisión en la comunidad.
Internal Control Capabilities with Menyama Braya Concept as An Effort To Saving Bad Loans in Bumdes
Authors: Trisnawati Ni Luh De Erik , Rianita Ni Made , Kartika Riana Dewi
Published: September 2020

Bad credit must still be saved to reduce the amount of losses and keep BUMDes afloat. The purpose of this research is to analyze the internal control capabilities with local wisdom of menyama braya as a bad loans saving effort. The research population is all bumdes active in Buleleng Regency. The sampling in this study used random sampling techniques so that 92 observational data were obtained. The data analysis technique used in this study is sem component based analysis method, Partial Least Square (PLS). Based on the results of the coefficient path, the influence of the internal control system on the bad credit saving strategy is significant which is shown with a value of T statistics of “1.96” which is 2,890 or p-values is significant < 0.05. Cultural Moderation between the relationship of the internal control system to the bad credit saving strategy shows a static T value of 2,637 greater than 1.96 with a p-values value of <0.05). The results showed that internal control systems had a positive effect on bad loans saving strategies. And the culture of menyama braya moderates the relationship between internal control systems and bad credit saving strategies. BUMDes who are obedient in their internal control system, then based on acting using the concept of menyama braya culture, turned out to be an effective force in the efforts to save bad loans that occurred.
Overview of laser-welded thin-walled joints fatigue performance and a statistical method for defect analysis
Authors: Kokko Rami Markus , Vaara Joona , Kuivaniemi Teemu , Frondelius Tero
Published: September 2020

Welding always has a deteriorating effect on fatigue strength in structures under dynamic loading. Weld joints induce discontinuity in structure geometry and the microstructure. Welding induced discontinuity, and defects allow for potential fatigue cracks that lead to the failure of welded parts or structures. The laser welding process differs from conventional arc welding in process and joint type. The most significant advantage in laser welding comes from the deep penetrating mode of welding, which also brings challenges to the soundness of the weld. The benefits of laser welding are most evident in the manufacture of sheet metal products such as sandwich panels. In literature, laser welding is generally dealt with by using different parts of the overall process without taking the fatigue point of view into account. In this article, the process of laser welding is discussed, while keeping fatigue strength in perspective. The fatigue data of laser welded joints is studied in order to find defect distribution that explains fatigue strength distribution in tests. The suitability of traditional fatigue assessment for laser welding is also discussed.
Limitación de los derechos fundamentales en el estado de emergencia por la pandemia del COVID-19
Authors: Gonzales Loli Martha , Carrasco Salazar Charlie , Sanjinez Salazar Jovian Valentín
Published: September 2020

El objetivo de la investigación consiste en determinar si la limitación de los derechos fundamentales es razonable y válida en el Estado de Emergencia por la pandemia del COVID-19. El Presidente de la República con la aprobación del Consejo de Ministros, declaró el Estado de Emergencia en todo el territorio nacional mediante el Decreto Supremo 0044-2020-PCM, disponiendo el aislamiento social obligatorio (cuarentena), por las graves circunstancias que afectan la vida de la Nación a consecuencia del brote del COVID-19, restringiendo el ejercicio de los derechos constitucionales relativos a la libertad y la seguridad personales, la inviolabilidad del domicilio, y la libertad de reunión y de tránsito en el territorio. La presente investigación se justifica porque el estudio y análisis de la limitación de los derechos fundamentales en el estado de emergencia permitirá analizar la razonabilidad y la validez del Decreto Supremo 0044-2020-PCM. Los materiales utilizados han sido las fuentes bibliográficas encontradas en los libros y artículos científicos indexados, la Constitución Política de Perú de 1993, el Decreto Supremo 0044-2020-PCM, la Resolución No. 1/2020 - Pandemia y Derechos Humanos en las Américas (Adoptado por la CIDH el 10 de abril de 2020). El método utilizado fue el método deductivo, tipo básico y nivel explicativo; el resultado fue que la limitación de los derechos fundamentales en el Estado de Emergencia por la pandemia del COVID-19 sí es razonable y válida constitucionalmente y se concluyó que los derechos fundamentales son relativos, por consiguiente, pueden ser limitados en un Estado de Emergencia.
Enlaces zoonóticos del coronavirus SARS-COV-2
Authors: Iannacone José , Tejada Miguel , Alvariño Lorena , Castañeda Luz
Published: September 2020

El 11 de marzo del 2020, la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) declaró al COVID-19 como una enfermedad pandémica. Al 21 de abril del 2020, se han registrado a nivel mundial en 210 países y territorios, 2.528.396 casos positivos y 174.547 fallecidos por SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19. Se ha sugerido que la enfermedad puede transmitirse en forma zoonótica de animales a humanos. El objetivo del presente trabajo de revisión fue analizar lo publicado con relación al enlace zoonótico del COVID-19. El SARS-CoV-2 posee una estrecha relación con un coronavirus de murciélago, que fue identificado en Rhinolophus affinis Horsfield, 1823, en la provincia de Yunnan en China, donde se inició el COVID-19. Un análisis exhaustivo de las relaciones mamífero-hospedero-virus ha demostrado que los murciélagos albergan una proporción significativamente mayor de virus zoonóticos que otras órdenes de mamíferos. El pangolín Manis javanica Desmarest, 1822, es el principal sospechoso de ser el hospedero intermediario debido que, al compararse su material genético viral con el del SARS-CoV-2, mostró una alta similitud. En relación a los animales domésticos, se ha descubierto que hurones y gatos son susceptibles a la infección. En cambio, se replica mal en perros, y los cerdos, pollos y patos no son susceptibles al SARS-CoV-2. De igual forma, no hay evidencia certera que sugiera que los animales domésticos infectados tengan un papel en la propagación del COVID-19 a los humanos.
Index by author
Authors: Robie David
Published: September 2020

Index by author
PRACTICE OF ARTIFICIAL REPRODUCTION OF STERLAD (ACIPENSER RUTHENUS LINNAEUS) IN RECIRCULATING AQUACULTURE SYSTEM (IN MANGISTAU REGION)
Authors: Bulavin Yefim Fedorovich , Maratova Guldana Maratkizi , Asylbekova Saule Zhangirovna , Isbekov Kuanysh Baibulatovich , Koyshibaeva Saya Kashkinbayevna , Bulavina Nailya Baimuratovna
Published: September 2020

The paper presents the results of artificial reproduction of sterlet (Acipenser ruthenus Linnaeus) carried out at the Scientific Production Center KazakhOsseter, LLP (the Mangistau region) in conditions of a recirculating aquatic system (RAS). The conditions for carrying out the main reproduction measures are described: wintering, qualifying, hormonal stimulation, obtaining reproductive products and rearing larvae. As a result, the sterlet spawning campaign was carried out in conditions of RAS in the Mangistau region, the native grown viable sterlet larvae being obtained. In the course of the work carried out in conditions of RAS in the Mangistau region there have been developed the scientific foundations and technologies for the formation and using production stocks of sturgeon, which are involved in the process of artificial reproduction. The results of the work performed could help to effectively organize the production at the commercial fish farming enterprises in the Mangistau region. The entrepreneurs of the region will have the opportunity to get acquainted with the technology of fish growing in conditions of RAS and to apply the technology for obtaining and reproducing sturgeon species in the ir local hatcheries in the future.
ANALYSIS OF BIOLOGY AND REPRODUCTION OF SHIP STURGEON (ACIPENSER NUDIVENTRIS)
Authors: Bekbergenova Victoria
Published: September 2020

The article presents the analysis of the research literature on biology, ecology, artificial and natural reproduction, behavior, nutrition and taxonomic status of ship sturgeon (Acipenser nudiventris Lovetsky, 1828) over the period 1877-2020. There are given the private data obtained during interviews with fishermen, which was published earlier. The approaches to ship artificial reproduction have been analyzed; the corresponding data from the Russian research literature and from the foreign sources are presented.Ship sturgeon is one of the most vulnerable and small in number sturgeon species in the world, the individuals of which are still found in the Balkhash-Ili basin (Kazakhstan-China) due to its invasion in 1933-1934. It should be mentioned that this is the only example of successful acclimatization of sturgeon. Ship sturgeons have the following ecological and biological characteristics: prolonged living in the mountain rivers with downstream migration into the delta and the sea coast; high rates of fertility coupled with high mortality rates in early ontogeny; a diverse diet depending on the habitat. Artificial reproduction of ship sturgeon was started in 1941 in Azerbaijani SSR. Unfortunately, the species did not receive a proper attention because of its scarcity in the natural habitat, which resulted in their complete disappearance. Today the conservation of ship species requires taking the urgent measures: forming ship broodstock, introducing it into aquaculture, clarification of reproductive biotechnology, studying the peculiarities of ship growth and maturation in the fish farms.
ASSESSMENT OF PHYTOPLANKTON AS FOOD RESERVE IN MIDDLE CASPIAN
Authors: Zimina T atyana Nikolaevna , Ardabyeva Alevtina Georgievna , Kotelnikov Andrey Vyacheslavovich
Published: September 2020

The paper considers the specific features of development of the qualitative composition and ecological groups of plankton algae in the Middle Caspian in the summer of 2019. The yearly dynamics of biomass and the number of algae in the sections of Makhachkala - Cape Sagyn-dyk, Derbent - Cape Peschanny, Divichi - Kenderly Bay has been examined. During the study period 109 samples were collected and examined and 110 taxonomic units of algae were found, with diatoms always prevailing. The structure-forming role belonged to freshwater algae (37 %), which became characteristic of this part of the sea. The biomass and number of phytoplankton in the Middle Caspian made 12.9 million copies/m3 and 166.56 mg/m3, respectively. The layer-by-layer distribution of biomass was determined by the intensity of development of the diatomaceous alga Pseudosolenia calcar-avis. The most favorable conditions for vegetation of dinophytic feed organisms were formed in the western (sections of Makhachkala - Cape Sagyndyk, Derbent - Cape Peschanny) and central (Divichi - Kenderly Bay) parts of the section in a layer of 0-25 m, which presumably has a positive effect on the development of planktonic organisms. Small-cell forms

of algae dominated, which is an important aspect in the formation of the fish food reserve.