bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An overview of factors contributing to rural-urban migration, a case of Mentz village
Authors: Engelinah Mmalebati Mahlatji , Thabiso Lucky Malatji
Published: December 2024

Rural urban migration is not a new phenomenon; it has been there for decades. At the dawn of democracy, 1994 South Africa started to experience a high volume of rural urban migration and this was because of opportunities available in the cities. There is a quite a large number of people in the rural communities migrating to cities as a results of lack of development in their communities and this migration process has a serious impact on the rural development. This qualitative study was conducted in the rural village of Mentz in Limpopo Province. Linguistic data was collected through one-on-one interviews with the selected members of the community of Mentz, ward councillors as well as the municipal officials in the Polokwane municipality. The study reveals that there are quite a number of factors that contributes to rural urban migration like better education, access to health facilities and job opportunities. It was also revealed in this study that when there is lack of development in the rural areas, this would lead to rural urban migration. This study recommends that the Polokwane local municipality should undertake a comprehensive approach to infrastructure development. This includes upgrading and expanding road networks to better connect remote areas with urban centers, ensuring smoother transportation of goods and people. The municipality can employ community health workers and mobile clinics to reach even the most isolated areas, ensuring that healthcare services are accessible to all. The Polokwane local municipality can create a more appealing and sustainable environment in rural areas, ultimately reducing the pressure for residents to migrate to urban centers in search of better healthcare opportunities.
Digital support in chemistry education: the distinct project experience
Authors: Kubiliene Erika , Ruziene Nijole , Zilionyte Kristina , Radveikiene Ingrida
Published: December 2024

The integration of digital technologies into chemistry education has transformed traditional teaching methods, offering innovative ways to enhance student motivation and engagement. This article explores the various digital tools and resources available for teaching and learning in chemistry, including interactive simulations, virtual laboratories, collaborative online environments, and educational software. The article examines the effectiveness and impact of digital tools on student engagement, comprehension, and application of complex chemical concepts, emphasizing the importance of digital literacy among educators and students. The article highlights the benefits of digital support in fostering active learning, improving accessibility, and utilizing diverse learning styles. Additionally, this article discusses the challenges and limitations, associated with the adaptation of digital technologies in chemistry teaching and learning, such as technological barriers, the need for teacher training, and the potential for digital distraction. Through a systematic review of current research and experience from the DISTINCT Project, the article aims to guide educators in incorporating technology into their teaching practices, to enhance both teaching efficiency and student outcomes in the field of chemistry education. The findings highlight the potential of digital tools to promote a more interactive and engaging learning environment and improve learning outcomes in the field of chemistry as well as in other fields of science education
Assessing the challenges faced by informal entrepreneurship
Authors: Nkonde Sipho David , Utete Reward
Published: December 2024

Informal entrepreneurship is the bedrock of the economy and plays an integral part in lowering unemployment and poverty. Although there are studies, conducted on entrepreneurship in general in South Africa, limited research has been carried out specifically on informal entrepreneurship. Using neo-liberalism theory, the study sought to investigate the challenges, faced by informal entrepreneurship in South Africa. The usable data was collected from 242 informal entrepreneurs operating their businesses in a large municipality in North of KwaZulu-Natal in South Africa. The study adopted quantitative research approach and descriptive research design. The study employed random sampling technique under the ambit of probability sampling method. Data, collected through the close-ended questionnaire, were analysed using the Statistical Programme for the Social Sciences (SPSS) programme version 29.0. The closed-ended questions were designed in the form of a 5-point Likert scale and dichotomous questions where respondents had to choose the answer that best suited their choice. The non-parametric inferential statistics were utilised to identify the challenges, faced by informal entrepreneurship. The major challenges, found by this paper, include insufficient municipal services, lack of appropriate government support, lack of access to funding, and strict government policies and regulations. In relation to daily operational challenges, faced by informal enterprises, the results indicated unfair competition and lack of water and electricity on the site as key challenges, experienced when operating their businesses. Training, coaching, and mentoring should be provided to informal entrepreneurs as significant support mechanisms for informal SMMEs. The municipalities should profile informal enterprises and engage financial institutions, such as banks, to establish a semi-formal credit approach that would permit informal enterprises to borrow small and affordable sums of money for capital injection
Ağız İçi Tarayıcıların Tamamen Dişsiz Çenelerde Kullanımı: Derleme
Authors: Ağaçdan Lale Gül , Murat Sema , Ağaçdan Furkan
Published: December 2024

Amaç: Son yıllarda ağız içi tarayıcılardaki gelişmelerle birlikte tamamen dişsiz hastaların da sert ve yumuşak dokularının dijital ölçüsünün hassas şekilde kaydedilmesi için yapılan çalışmalar artmaktadır. Bu derlemenin amacı; tamamen dişsiz ağızlarda ağız içi tarayıcı kullanımının geleneksel yönteme göre avantajlarını ve zorluklarını karşılaştırmak ve konu ile ilgili yapılan çalışmalar hakkında bilgi vermektir.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Son yıllarda kullanılan güncel ağız içi tarayıcılar hakkında detaylı bilgi verilmiş ve geleneksel ölçüyle karşılaştırmaları yapılmıştır.
Bulgular: Ağız içi tarayıcılar genel olarak dişlerin ve implantların dijital ölçülerinin alınmasında ve sabit protezlerin yapımında ve son yapılan çalışmalarda tam protezlerin üretilmesinde dişsiz çenelerin dijitalize edilmesi için de kullanılabileceğini rapor etmektedir. Geleneksel yönteme göre klinik sürenin azaltılması, hasta ve hekim konforu, verilerin depolanabilmesi gibi bir çok avantajı bulunsa da kullanıcı deneyimi gerekmesi, yumuşak doku ve sulkusların kaydının zor olması ve kan tükürük gibi oral sıvılardan etkilenmesi gibi dezavantajları bulunmaktadır.
Sonuç: Tam protez üretimi sırasında dişsiz çenelerin doğru taranması çok önemli bir adımdır; ancak elde edilen dijital taramanın hassasiyeti hala tartışmalıdır.
The 'Face' of Indonesian Cosmetics: Investigating Language Choices in Local Brand Advertisement Boards and Consumers' Preferences
Authors: Khazanah Dewianti , Kusumaningputri Reni , Sampurna Hadi , Setiarini Riskia , Anam Syamsul
Published: December 2024

English has been extensively chosen by multinational companies for the purpose of advertising cosmetics in expanding circle countries. However, studies focusing on the language choices made by Indonesian local cosmetic companies for their advertisement boards and the consumersâ€™ preferences regarding these choices are scanty. The goals of this study, thus, are double-layered. First, the choices of language in each element of the advertisement board copywriting- brand and product names, taglines, slogans, and product descriptions- were revealed. Second, the consumersâ€™ preferences regarding language choices on each of these elements were explored. The language choices were revealed by scrutinizing 98 collected local cosmetic advertisement boards using the types of language choice by da Silva (2017). Preferences were gathered using a survey adapted from Hornikx et al. (2010) and da Silva (2014) and were explored using thematic analysis. The findings show that English dominated all elements of copywriting in the local cosmetic advertisement boards- in brand and product names, taglines, slogans, and descriptions.  The study, however, pointed out the gap between the domination of English and consumersâ€™ preferences. A significant number of people chose Bahasa Indonesia as the voice for these advertisements mainly in the aspect of slogans and brand names. The findings show that the choice of Bahasa Indonesia in brand names was more preferable as it projected the productsâ€™ national identity in the global market and consumersâ€™ national pride. The same preference was also found in the product descriptions as most consumers deemed Bahasa Indonesia to promote better understandability. These findings suggest that Indonesian cosmetic companiesâ€™ language choice policy for product advertisements needs to be revisited.
Subjecthood in Banjarnese
Authors: Selia Alien Kurnia Warya , Romadhan Achmad Dicky
Published: December 2024

This research discusses the subject testing tools in the Banjar language. Subjecthood is one of the study materials within the scope of syntax. This research examines subject forms in the Banjar language using typological studies. Linguistic typology is one of the linguistic study theories and models founded on natural data and language structure systems.  This research is descriptive qualitative research. This research data are clauses and sentences obtained in the direct speech of Banjar speakers. Respondents are Banjar individuals at least 18 years of age. They have a variety of genders, levels of education, native languages (L1), and places of residence. The study of the subjectivity of the Banjar language entails collecting data via multiple methods (observation and interview). The analysis method used in this research is the distributional method, followed by the advanced method. The result of this research states that the subjugation of the Banjar language follows the typology theory of subject testing. There are five types of subject testing tools applied in this research: canonical structure, relativization, control, adverbial insertion and reflexive. The use of typology theory can reveal the subject test tools.
Translation of Subtitle Texts by Visually Impaired Students: Process Analysis and Translator Subcompetencies
Authors: Suryaningtyas Valentina Widya , Setyaningsih Nina , Larassati Anisa , Basari Ahmad
Published: December 2024

This article discusses the process of translating subtitles from English into Indonesian by visually impaired students. The approach used was a qualitative approach. Furthermore, this approach has two aspects of discussion, namely genetic (the translator) and objective (the translated text). First of all, the genetic aspect of this research is the translator sub-competence of visually impaired students. Furthermore, the objective aspect in this research is related to the translation process and the translations they produce. The data were collected using observation, true assignment, and recording techniques. Based on the research results, the translatorâ€™s sub-competencies include a) bilingual sub-competence; b) extralinguistic sub-competence; c) instrumental sub-competence; d) transfer sub-competence; e) strategic sub-competence; and f) psychophysiological components. To improve the quality of translation of visually impaired students, the researchers have compiled eight translation recommendations, such as translators must: pay attention to the suitability of the meaning of the source language, avoid omitting linguistic units, pay attention to word classes, and so on. Based on these recommendations, it is imperative that visually impaired students implement them in order to improve their capability as early-career translators.
Improving Student’s Motivation and Learning Outcomes through Canva in English Learning at Middle Schools
Authors: Pratama Ferdian Rizki , Hikmat Mauly Halwat
Published: December 2024

Increasing student motivation and learning outcomes can be done by utilizing technology in the learning process. The objective of this study was to describe students' perspectives on the use of the Canva in English class. The type of research was descriptive qualitative. The subjects of the study were students of class VIII of SMP Muhammadiyah 7 Surakarta. The sampling method used purposive sampling. Data collection techniques used questionnaires, observations, and interviews. Before the instrument was used, validation was carried out by experts (supervisors), and the collected data was validated using source triangulation and triangulation of data collection methods. Data analysis used qualitative analysis. The results of the study were: (1) Teachers use Canva in English classes for three reasons. First, to display learning materials interactively. Second, to create interesting worksheets. Third, for students to do assignments with Canva; (2) Students' perspectives on Canva as a mediua in English classes showed good results. Students agreed and gave positive responses regarding Canva as a media in learning English. Students agreed that Canva is a good mediua to use in learning English. The conclusion is that the use of Canva as a learning media can increase students' learning motivation and learning outcomes. The implication of the results of this study is that teachers can use the Canva application as a learning medium.
Razvoj profesionalnog usmjeravanja
Authors: Zećirević Mirjana
Published: December 2024

Profesionalno usmjeravanje vrlo je važno za pojedince i društvo kao skup usluga i stručnih postupaka kojima se identificiraju mogućnosti, interesi i kompetencije korisnika kako bi donijeli odluke o obrazovanju, osposobljavanju i zapošljavanju te upravljali svojim profesionalnim razvojem. Razvoj profesionalnog usmjeravanja u Hrvatskoj neraskidivo je vezan uz doprinos psihologa te je jedno od prvih područja primijenjene psihologije u Hrvatskoj. Godine 1931. osnovana je, a 1932. započela s radom Stanica za savjetovanje pri izboru zvanja. Rad Stanice temeljio se na pružanju multidisciplinarne stručne podrške i početak je razvoja savjetodavnih usluga za mlade, uz razvoj psiholoških testova za potrebe profesionalnog usmjeravanja. Utjecaj društvenih promjena imao je značajan odraz i na razvoj sustava profesionalnog usmjeravanja. U organizacijskom i stručnom smislu prvenstveno se vezuje uz ulogu Hrvatskoga zavoda za zapošljavanje kao nositelja aktivnosti. Navedeno su više puta prepoznale i relevantne europske organizacije u području zapošljavanja, obrazovanja i profesionalnog usmjeravanja, uz isticanje primjera dobre prakse, osobito u radu s mladima. Suvremeni pristupi uključuju koncept cjeloživotnog profesionalnog usmjeravanja i razvoja kompetencija za upravljanje karijerom, osobito u tzv. tranzicijskim razdobljima u životu pojedinca. Nužna je suradnja svih partnera javnog, privatnog i nevladinog sektora kako bi se omogućio razvoj usluga informiranja i savjetovanja primjerenih potrebama korisnika, uz evaluaciju i unaprjeđenje programa profesionalnog usmjeravanja.
Institut društvenih znanosti Ivo Pilar
Authors: Brajša-Žganec Andreja , Holjevac Željko , Rihtar Stanko
Published: December 2024

Institut društvenih znanosti Ivo Pilar utemeljen je 26. studenoga 1991. odlukom Skupštine Sveučilišta u Zagrebu kao Institut za primijenjena društvena istraživanja u sastavu Sveučilišta u Zagrebu. Stupanjem na snagu Zakona o ustanovama 1993. postao je javna ustanova, izdvojena iz sastava Sveučilišta u Zagrebu, a prema Zakonu o znanstvenoistraživačkoj djelatnosti i visokom obrazovanju od 1994. javni je institut čiji je osnivač Republika Hrvatska. Upravno vijeće Instituta donijelo je 18. veljače 1997. odluku o njegovu preimenovanju u Institut društvenih znanosti Ivo Pilar. Temeljni su orijentiri Instituta Pilar razvijanje javnoga znanja u hrvatskom društvu o hrvatskom društvu u službi javnoga interesa, očuvanje nacionalnoga i kulturnoga identiteta, razvoj znanstvenika i poticanje izvrsnosti, osposobljavanje mladih za kvalitetan znanstveni rad, multidisciplinarni pristup znanstvenoj praksi i istraživanjima ponajprije društvenih i humanističkih fenomena, međunarodna suradnja, mobilnost i vidljivost, nastavna djelatnost i popularizacija znanosti, usmjerenost na funkcionalnu primjenu znanja i autonomna nakladnička djelatnost. Znanstvena djelatnost Instituta Pilar ostvaruje se radom na znanstvenim projektima, organiziranjem znanstvenih skupova i sudjelovanjem na njima te ostalim znanstvenim i stručnim aktivnostima. U Institutu su zaposlena 103 djelatnika: 89 znanstvenika (znanstvena, suradnička i stručna radna mjesta) i 14 zaposlenika administrativnih i pomoćnih poslova. Znanstvenici prema znanstvenim, suradničkim i stručnim zvanjima: 22 znanstvenih savjetnika u trajnom zvanju, 15 znanstvenih savjetnika, 15 viših znanstvenih suradnika, 10 znanstvenih suradnika, 5 viših asistenata, 18 asistenata, 4 stručna savjetnika u znanosti i 2 stručna suradnika u znanosti. Djelatnici prema akademskom stupnju i stručnoj spremi: 66 doktora znanosti, 2 magistra znanosti, 28 djelatnika visoke stručne spreme, 1 djelatnik više stručne spreme i 6 djelatnika srednje stručne spreme. Zajedničkim radom sociologa, psihologa, povjesničara, demografa i ostalih znanstvenika u Institutu se njeguje prepoznatljiv multidisciplinarni pristup istraživanjima društvenih i humanističkih fenomena. Ukupno je trenutačno u Institutu Pilar zaposleno 29 psihologa, od znanstvenih savjetnika u trajnom zvanju do asistenata, pri tome 19 doktora znanosti.
Clinical profile and long-term predictors of mortality in idiopathic acute pulmonary thromboembolism
Authors: Vyas Pooja , Patel Iva , Parikh Rujuta , Patel Vishal , Joshi Hasit , Patel Utsav , Ghetiya Sagar
Published: December 2024

Background: Unprovoked venous thromboembolism is a poorly understood entity. Clinical risk factors and future outcomes are not well recognized in this subgroup of patients. Various pathogenic mechanisms like inflammation and athero-thrombosis have been put forth but remain investigative. Our study aimed to determine the clinical profile and predictors of mortality in patients with idiopathic pulmonary embolism.
Methods: Our single centre observational study included 510 consecutive patients with symptomatic unprovoked venous thromboembolism. Pulmonary embolism (PE) patients were initially categorized based on the presence or absence of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Subsequently, the patients were further sub-grouped according to mortality, and the association between clinical parameters and death was evaluated through regression analysis.
Results: The in-hospital mortality of patients with unprovoked pulmonary embolism was 15.9% and 25.76% at three year follow up. Significantly higher number of patients with diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, lower TAPSE (tricuspidannular plane systolic excursion) and PASP (pulmonary arterial systolic pressure) were found in mortality patients compared to survivor patients. On regression analysis we found significant association of higher odds of age OR=1.1 (1.05-1.23), diabetes OR=2.47 (1.28-4.79), hypertension OR=2.25 (1.19=4.26) and lower odds of thrombolysis OR=0.38 (0.11-0.59) with mortality. On Kaplan Meier survival analysis, the log value of <0.05 showed significantly higher mortality in patients who were not thrombolyzed.
Conclusion: Various short and long-term predictors of mortality exist for pulmonary embolism. Cardiovascular risk factors play a mediating role in venous thromboembolism and also serve as predictors for long-term mortality. Therefore, modifying these risk factors can potentially result in a reduction in long-term mortality.
Erdal Erzincan’ın Bağlama Açışlarında Kullandığı Tezene/Mızrap Teknikleri Üzerine Bir İnceleme
Authors: Akın Ahmet , Çakırer Hüseyin Serdar
Published: December 2024

Nitel yapıda, tarama modelli betimsel bir çalışma olan bu araştırmanın temel amacı, Erdal ER-ZİNCAN’ın bağlama açışlarında kullandığı tezene/mızrap tekniklerini belirlemek ve bu doğrultuda üstadın açış icraları özelinde oluşturduğu icra geleneğini, karakteristiğini ortaya koyabilmektir. Bunun için araştırmanın sınırlılıkları kapsamında belirlenen serbest icralar notaya alınarak bu notalar ve açışların ses kayıtları üzerinden üstadın tezene/mızrap tekniklerini kullanım şekli belirlenmeye ve betimlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Araştırmada icra pratiklerinin belirlenmesi için açış formunun tercih edilmesinde bu formun icracıya belli kurallar içinde sunduğu serbestlik alanı kıymetlidir. Ayrıca üstadlık göstergelerinden biri olan açış yapabilmek ya da yapmak, uzun uğraş ve derin bir müzikal birikin gerektiren icralardır. Elde edilen bulgular ışığında Erdal ERZİNCAN’ın tezene/mızrap kullanımı ekseninde bağlamayı/sazı, gelenekselleşmiş kuralları ihmal etmeden fakat bu kurallara sıkı sıkıya bağlı kalmadan ve yeni kurallar da ekleyerek icra ettiğini söylemek mümkündür. İcralarda ki tezene/mızrap vuruş yönlerinin, kullanılan parmak tekniklerine, teller arasındaki geçişlere ve de nağmelerin, ezgilerin akışkanlığını ve dengesini sağlama düşüncesine göre şekillendiği ifade edilebilir. Üstadın sıyırtma, tarama, takma, çırpma ve tezene trili olmak üzere 5 farklı tezene/mızrap tekniği kullandığı ve bu tekniklerden tezene trili’nin diğerlerine göre öne çıktığı görülmektedir.
Urban Water and Management in Sustainable Cities
Authors: Bekar Tuğçe
Published: December 2024

The most important basic need in today's cities is water. Population growth in cities, climate change, and decreasing access to water resources make the issue of sustainable city and water relationship more important. In addition to the industry being the sector that consumes the most water, water use is also high in domestic use, agriculture, commercial, and tourism areas. Settlements at risk of water scarcity must take precautions to avoid becoming a waterless settlement in the future. To protect the delicate balance of nature, sustainability in urban areas should be ensured. Environmental pollution should be analyzed and suggestions should be presented for the solution to this pollution. Based on the concepts of sustainable city and urban water cycle, it also mentions how the city and water are and should be in a relationship. It contains concepts that will better express the relations of basic concepts with each other and complement the context. Sustainable use of water also contributes to the protection of natural ecosystems and biodiversity. Water resources management for sustainable cities plays an important role in achieving the goal of creating an environmentally friendly, healthy, and safe living space.
Remote Sensing for Sustainable Crop Water Management in a Changing Climate
Authors: Cheikhaoui Yousra , Mohamed Sadiki , Mohamed Allouza , Saïd Chakiri , Abdelhak Bouabdli , Hassani Kenza Kadiri
Published: December 2024

Climate change is escalating, posing challenges that impact agricultural regions, including the Gharb irrigated area in North-Western Morocco. This paper explores the role of remote sensing as a powerful geospatial tool for identifying, characterizing, and landmarking resources in agriculture over a large surface area. It proposes adaptive strategies for sustainable agriculture amid dynamic climatic conditions, with a particular focus on addressing water management challenges. This research estimates the water requirements of different crop types in the Gharb Plain irrigated area by combining geospatial technological development, crop modeling, and multi-date data. Throughout the study, we address key challenges such as crop dynamics, data accuracy, and policy integration. The findings show that remote sensing plays a significant role in crop water management, promoting sustainability, and precision agriculture despite the challenges posed by climate change. Furthermore, the study emphasizes the necessity of continued research, technological advancement, and policy implementation to fully realize the potential of remote sensing in guiding agriculture toward a resilient and sustainable future.
A TAXONOMIC NOTE ON THE FEATHER MITE PTEROLICHUS TYRRELLI TROUESSART, 1899 (ACARIFORMES: PTEROLICHIDAE)
Authors: Mironov Sergey V.
Published: December 2024

Based on the study of type specimens of Pterolichus tyrrelli Trouessart, 1899—originally described from the Semipalmated Sandpiper, Calidris pusilla (Linnaeus, 1766) (Charadriiformes: Scolopacidae), collected in Canada—this species has been transferred to the genus Montchadskiana Dubinin, 1951 and provided with a valid name Montchadskiana (Aphyllochaeta) tyrrelli Trouessart, 1899 comb. n. (Pterolichidae: Magimeliinae). Additionally, Montchadskiana (Aphyllochaeta) dubinini Dabert and Ehrnsberger 1999 syn. n., described from the same host, is declared a junior synonym of M. (A.) tyrrelli.
A CONTRIBUTION TO THE KNOWLEDGE OF THE SPIDER MITE FAUNA (PROSTIGMATA: TETRANYCHIDAE) OF THE NORTH CAUCASUS, RUSSIA
Authors: Kamayev Ilya O. , Karpun Natalia N.
Published: December 2024

Twenty-four species of Tetranychidae are reported from the North Caucasus, Russia. The presence of Eurytetranychus buxi (Garman, 1935) in this region has been confirmed. Bryobia tiliae (Oudemans, 1928) is a new species for the fauna of Russia. The present article provides information on the new host plants for Bryobia praetiosa, B. rubrioculus, Eotetranychus carpini, Eo. rubiphilus, Oligonychus longiclavatus and O. piceae.
Social employment of people with disabilities: the illogicality of the legislative definition
Authors: Zaytseva Larisa V. , Anbrekht Tatyana A.
Published: December 2024

This article presents a critical analysis of the new norm of Article 20.1 of the Russian Federal Law “On Social Protection of Disabled People in the Russian Federation,” which contains a legal definition of “social employment of disabled people.” Previously, it was studied by individual researchers as an option for labor rehabilitation and habilitation of disabled people. However, with the adoption of the considered amendments to the federal law, these works lost their relevance regarding the conceptual apparatus used. The authors of this article identify the internal contradictions of the legislatively defined concept of “social employment of disabled people,” focusing attention on the illogical elements of the definition and internal contradictions of the legislative definition of the concept in question. By comparing the legislation on social protection of disabled people and the legislation on employment, the authors demonstrate the contradictions presented by the legislator. Comparing social employment and supported work activities of disabled people, their similarities and individual differences are revealed. While agreeing with the importance of legislative regulation of issues of employment and social adaptation of disabled people, the authors come to the conclusion that the legislative definition of “social employment of disabled people” is poorly formulated and that it is necessary to eliminate the violations of formal logic and legal formalities that have been committed.
Гражданская наука — за и против
Authors: Ромашкина Гульнара Фатыховна , Лисица Андрей Валерьевич
Published: December 2024

В статье показан генезис терминов и научного концепта «гражданская наука», (англ. “citizen science”), «научные волонтеры». Выделены наиболее релевантные контексты и исторические примеры применения гражданской науки в биологических, сельскохозяйственных науках. Показаны результаты и социологический анализ привлечения гражданской науки на конкретном примере исследований, выполняемых рамках Российской федеральной научно-технической программы развития генетических технологий в 2021-2022 гг. Проблема исследования - насколько гражданская наука эффективна для привлечения и удержания интереса к науке (наукам о жизни в целом и генетическим исследованиям в частности) среди студенческой молодежи и школьников. Эмпирическая база включала девять интервью и базы данных, полученные в процессе онлайн опроса (109 анкет наставников и 350 волонтеров-обучающихся). Методы анализа - качественный анализ текстовых данных, количественный анализ в программе SPSS. Показаны технологии привлечения и удержания интереса молодых волонтеров-обучающихся к науке на примере конкретных исследований, структура предполагаемых и озвучиваемых мотивов принятия решения об участии в научных исследованиях научных волонтеров, организаторов и руководителей научных проектов. Сделан вывод о значительном расхождении в понимании реальных мотивов молодежи, научных волонтеров, которые могут принимать участие в исследованиях, проводимых различными заинтересованными сторонами. Полученные выводы не могут претендовать на репрезентативность и надежность для построения прогнозов, но важны для коррекции отношения к гражданским исследованиями со стороны профессиональных ученых и организаторов науки. Сближение чрезмерно критичных и оптимистичных мнений, обусловленное лучшим пониманием мотивов и предпочтений всех участников процесса, может повысить эффективность исследований и расширить возможности для дальнейшего развития.
Государственная региональная поддержка социально ориентированных некоммерческих организаций в сфере образования и молодежной политики (опыт Свердловской области)
Authors: Певная Мария Владимировна
Published: December 2024

Актуальность обусловлена расширением межсекторного взаимодействия и необходимостью со стороны государства корректировать меры поддержки общественных инициатив с учетом текущей ситуации и региональной специфики. Цель статьи — критически оценить практику государственного содействия СОНКО в сфере образования и молодежной политики Свердловской области, определив социальные эффекты успешного партнерства на примере практик, которые сегодня могут тиражироваться в образовании и воспитании социально ответственной молодежи. Проведен анализ нормативно-правовых документов, отчетов и аналитических записок, использован контент-анализ заявок конкурса субсидий Министерства образования и молодежной политики Свердловской области. Проблемное поле дополнено результатами экспертного опроса руководителей СОНКО, реализующих проекты в сфере образования и молодежной политики на территории Свердловской области, а также представителей педагогического сообщества, проявляющих профессиональный интерес к взаимодействию с СОНКО (n = 227, выборка целевая, 2021 г.). Результаты исследования доказывают, что социально значимые проекты СОНКО, получившие государственную региональную поддержку, действительно вносят вклад в достижение целей национального развития. При этом проекты некоммерческих организаций настолько вариативны, что, с одной стороны, позволяют реализовывать государственный идеологический курс, а с другой — развивать ценности личности, творческое начало, социальную зрелость и самостоятельность молодежи. Выявлены проблемы взаимодействия государства и некоммерческого сектора, которые сопряжены с компетентностью и информированностью всех взаимодействующих сторон. Обозначены реализуемые исполнительными государственными органами власти в сфере образования и молодежной политики Свердловской области меры, которые позволяют на практике решать данные трудности. Делается вывод, что взаимодействие государства и СОНКО в Свердловской области является конструктивно направленным процессом, реализуемым по модели сотрудничества. Постоянно развиваются подходы чиновников к сотрудничеству с СОНКО в сфере образования и молодежной политики, совершенствуется организационная структура, дорабатываются правила для взаимодействующих сторон.
Особенности участия университетов в трансформации системы высшего образования в России
Authors: Апенько Светлана Николаевна , Ефимова Галина Зиновьевна , Семёнов Максим Юрьевич
Published: December 2024

Изменения в высшем образовании носят перманентный характер. Современные внешние обстоятельства определяют новые вызовы для системы высшего образования, преодоление которых возможно только при отлаженной работе всех субъектов. В данной статье внимание сфокусировано на университетах с позиции акторов трансформации системы высшего образования в России. Цель проведенного исследования — определение особенностей реализации проектов трансформации вузов, понимание представителями управленческого состава вузов стратегических целей и приоритетных задач университетов, выявление способов их достижения. В качестве эмпирической базы исследования были проанализированы данные, полученные в ходе проведения глубинных полуформализованных интервью с представителями трех российских региональных классических университетов. Сбор данных осуществлен в 2021 и 2022 гг. По результатам исследования определены имеющиеся разногласия в понимании трансформационных процессов в высшем образовании с точки зрения представителей административно-управленческого состава вузов. Помимо того, выявлены некоторые разночтения в отношении к стратегии и стратегическим целям развития университета. В ходе исследования изучены необходимые компетенции сотрудников, востребованные в соответствии со стоящими вызовами перед вузами (системность и гибкость мышления, непрерывное образование, готовность к саморазвитию). Определены важные новые роли и должностные позиции, необходимые современному университету. К ним можно отнести специалистов в сфере цифровизации университета, а также профессионалов по развитию и поддержанию позитивного бренда вуза. Материалы статьи могут быть полезны представителям административно-управленческого персонала, руководителям проектов и программ развития университетов, различным сотрудникам, участвующим в трансформационных проектах университета.
Formation of the social space of the suburb
Authors: Андрианова Елена Владимировна , Казмерчик Ежи
Published: December 2024

In this paper, the topic of the formation of the social space of the suburbs is considered both as a conceptual subject area of economic sociology and as an object of empirical interdisciplinary research of rural areas and social geography. Guided by the current discussions at the junctions of assembly theory, the construction of locality as a topological perspective of densification of open layers and closing of space with the components of material and symbolic production and critical urban political economy, our analysis demonstrates how socio-technical infrastructure, political mobility and socio-economic relations are spatially aligned, they are maintained and dissolved in fragmented agglomerations. The authors of this paper clarified the modifications of the definition of “rural” as challenging the concept of the urban revolution of the production of space by A. Lefebvre; verified the production of place in terms of phenomenological sociology by A. Appadurai as a center of meanings created by experience; used the methodology of the structural and genetic operationalization of space by P. Bourdieu as the actions of actors - carriers of capital in various social fields. The combination of several approaches provides an integrated interdisciplinary matrix for understanding exactly how interlocal social relations, life worlds, and revealed identities of residents in a new rural microdistrict between a city and a village are interconnected. Taking into account the methodological issues that arise when trying to empirically study such changes, new theoretical schemes are proposed for the social construction and reconstruction of spaces through various types of action. In the particular example of the Tyumen Region, evidence is given that global trends in the isolation of rural areas as a format of peripheral urban development are gaining priority. The results obtained are important and useful because they confirm the hypothesis of the spread of global suburbanization of R. Kayla, which is becoming a more and more widespread and more significant phenomenon in different regions of the world. The authors’ empirical data reinforce the importance of new formats of peripheral urban development; and precisely verified photographs provide independent visual measurements of the formation of the social space of the suburb. All this in general leads to the idea of the usefulness of revising urban social theory in the context of the growth of rural suburbanization.
Зелёные практики против городских практик: контент-анализ региональной прессы Тюменской области
Authors: Костко Наталья Анатольевна , Пупышева Ирина Николаевна , Паюсова Татьяна Игоревна
Published: December 2024

Проблема репрезентации, форм, направленности, влияния городских практик актуальна природой своей повседневности. Классификация городских практик по направленности действия позволила выделить зеленые городские практики. Статья вносит вклад в академическую дискуссию о характеристиках зеленых городских практик. Использован нарративный подход к анализу того, как онлайн-СМИ представляют городские практики, описывая их. Это исследование дает новые интерпретационные перспективы понимания городских практик как элемента повседневной городской жизни, определения городского социального пространства. Зеленые практики горожан являются естественной частью городских практик. Они локальны, встроены в повседневную жизнь города, целеориентированы и присутствуют в городских связях и отношениях. Зеленые городские практики обладают спецификой целеориентации, охватом тем и форм для действия. В качестве индикаторов зелёных практик мы останавливаемся на «зелёной намеренности», целенаправленности, трансформации и пересборке повседневности. Результаты исследования подтвердили нашу гипотезу об отсутствии тождества между городскими практиками и зелеными городскими практиками. Удовлетворение базовых витальных потребностей, сохранение среды обитания здесь и сейчас в контексте глобальной повестки дня определяют особенность городских зеленых практик. Статья представляет собой продолжение новых направлений исследований в области городских практик и доказывает ценность нарративного подхода к анализу онлайн-СМИ как аналитического инструментария. Для реализации исследовательских целей статьи нами были использованы два метода исследования: контент-анализ текста был дополнен семантическим анализом с использованием компьютерных технологий. Форма представления информации — графические карты, представляющие отношения между понятиями.
В. Я. Ельмеев как теоретик социологии собственности: от идей марксизма к петербургской школе экономической социологии (к 95-летию со дня рождения В. Я. Ельмеева)
Authors: Тарандо Елена Евгеньевна
Published: December 2024

В статье, посвященной 95-й годовщине со дня рождения выдающегося советского и российского философа, экономиста и социолога, основателя петербургской школы экономической социологии В. Я. Ельмеева, анализируется развитие социологии собственности в трудах В. Я. Ельмеева и его учеников. Представлены основные теоретико-методологические основания построения социологии собственности В. Я. Ельмеевым, в качестве которых выступили марксистская методология и потребительно-стоимостной подход. Описаны главные направления исследований Василия Яковлевича Ельмеева в рамках социологии собственности, которые базировались на применении потребительно-стоимостного подхода к анализу движения отношений собственности в современных социально-экономических системах. Обобщены исследования учеников Василия Яковлевича, выделены основные направления развития их исследований, касающиеся анализа взаимодействия потребительно-стоимостных и стоимостных начал в сфере функционирования и развития отношений собственности современного общества, которые принимают форму общественной и частной собственности соответственно. Представлено обобщение логики развития идей В. Я. Ельмеева в работах его учеников, сделан вывод о наличии значительного познавательного потенциала потребительно-стоимостного подхода.
Host Genetic Diversity of SARS-CoV
Authors: Hussain Firasat , Ali Hamid , Siddique Ateeqah , Rahim Kashif , Younas Umair , Siddique Faisal , Nisar Muhammad , Shuaib Muhammad , Saeed Muhammad , Li Wen-Jun , Fatima Arooj
Published: December 2024

SARS-CoV has an RNA genome that is categorized in the family
Coronaviridae and the order Nidovirales. Similarly, Severe Acute Respiratory
Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) also belongs to this family and order. A
significant degree of variability was observed in SARS-CoV-2 in individuals, which
could be influenced by genetic variations in the host. This may impact the progression
of sickness and the efficacy of treatment approaches. Individuals who carry certain
mutants of genes (ACE2 and TMPRSS) directly linked to viral illness or who have a
distinctive expression of those genes may be more vulnerable (SARS-CoV-2). These
alterations may explain the enormous diversity of symptoms and severity of
Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19)-related disease in various people. Regarding
variation, the D614G spikes gene is the most varied among hosts. Moreover, single
nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and single nucleotide variants (SNVs) are causes of
host genetic diversity, according to some studies. The structure of SARS-CoV is made
up of structural and accessory proteins. These accessory proteins (3a, 3b, 7b, ORF, etc.)
show missense mutations in their sequence. Both types of proteins undergo rapid
mutations. Point mutations and genetic recombination of SARS-CoV participate in its
adaptations and variations among hosts of different species. Middle East Respiratory Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and SARS-CoV-1, SARS-CoV-2 have striking differences
among their proteins. Mannose-binding protein (MBL) takes part in countering viral
infections. A decrease in MBL increases the exposure of host cells to SARS-CoV
infections.
Genetic Architecture of Host Proteins Involved in SARS-CoV
Authors: Khan Hayat , Hussain Firasat , Adnan Muhammad , Nawaz Muhammad Naveed , Khan Inam Ullah , Younas Umair , Nisar Muhammad , Khan Imtiaz Ali , Kalim Muhammad , Shanyuan Chen , Aqib Amjad Islam
Published: December 2024

The coronavirus spontaneously mutates and produces new strains overtime.
A few variants are more infectious and harmful than others. Additionally, certain
variations are capable of eluding treatment control. These modifications may have an
impact on the virus's features. The novel variations have the power to progress quickly
and induce pathogenicity. Vaccines, diagnostic tools, active compounds, and other
precautionary care may also be affected by novel variations. At first, it was considered
that cells could also ingest and destroy infections in addition to degrading cellular
contents. This mechanism was later confirmed for other viruses and given the label
xenophagy. Because of the modification of the coronavirus, poor and emerging nations
are constantly confronted with new issues. Developing nations must promptly prepare
and create a clear direction to vaccinate their entire population. It has frequently been questioned if vaccination can entirely safeguard someone from a virus that alters its
features quickly and produces variations with more powerful alterations. However,
much evidence is that immunization prevents the virus from spreading and protects
people.
Biosynthesis of Bacterial Nanocellulose
Authors: Bajpai Pratima
Published: December 2024

Bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) biosynthesis is a well-organized and strictly
controlled process and has two stages: first, the formation of 1,4-glucan linkages, and
subsequently the assembly and cellulose crystallization. The process starts with the
carbon source, such as glucose and fructose, being transported into the cell, where the
cellulose precursor UDPG is produced. Bcs then polymerizes glucose from UDPG into
1,4-glucan strands. Finally, cellulose chains are secreted as sub-fibrils through pores in
the cell membrane and then combined into ribbons in a 3D nanofiber network
supported by hydrogen bonds.
Challenges and Future Perspectives
Authors: Bajpai Pratima
Published: December 2024

Bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) is a material of enormous industrial concern
and is known to have applicability in versatile fields. Therefore, the additional impetus
is obligatory to make this greener material a competitive product while at the same
time being economically viable. BNC is widely used in different technological
applications. Thus, there are constant efforts for feasible procurement of BNC by
bringing down the production costs and yield augmentation and overall improving its
performance by tailoring the physical, mechanical and biological properties. BNC has
great potential as a reinforcing material and is especially applicable for recycled paper
and for paper made of nonwoody cellulose fiber. By enhancing the strength and
durability of paper, modified BNC shows great potential for the production of fireresistant and specialized papers. However, the biotechnological aspects of BNC need to
be improved to minimize the cost of its production and, thus, make this process
economically feasible.
Role of Microbes and Microbiomes in GHG Emissions and Mitigation in Agricultural Ecosystem Restoration
Authors: Shankar Muthusamy , Nedumaran Sethupathi , Mohan Deepasri , Rose Helen Mary , Kokila Murugesan , Keerthana Selvaraj , Raveena Ravi , Boomiraj Kovilpillai , Mani Sudhakaran
Published: December 2024

Microbes are crucial for the survival of life on Earth as they affect the major
biogeochemical cycles that make our planet congenial for life, providing essential
elements like carbon and nitrogen in required forms and quantities. Microbes also play
a significant role as either generators or consumers of greenhouse gases, such as carbon
dioxide (CO2
), methane (CH4
), and nitrous oxide (N2O), through various processes in
our environment. The distribution of these chemicals on the Earth and in the
atmosphere is severely reliant on the equilibrium of these microbial progressions. The
consumption of GHGs by microbes is facilitated through their use as substrates in
processes like photo/chemoautotrophy, methanotrophy, and nitrous oxide reduction.
The CO2
emitted from the organic matter decomposition and terrestrial respiration is
subsequently subjected to photosynthetic fixation partially and is mitigated through
carbon sequestration into soil and biomass. The biogenic release of methane through
the biological anaerobic decomposition of organic materials by methanogens
constitutes an important source of atmospheric CH4, while methanotrophs, through CH4
oxidation, facilitate methane emission mitigation. The microbial nitrification denitrification processes are the significant source of N2O emission, while the N2Oreducing bacteria are responsible for decreasing N2O emissions via nitrous oxide reduction enzymatic processes. The complexity of the interactions between these microbes
with neighboring biotic and bacterial variables in order to regulate Earth's greenhouse
gas emissions is a factor that affects their activity. Hence, interdisciplinary approaches,
including microbial ecology, environmental genomics, soil and plant sciences, etc.,
should be concentrated on mitigating greenhouse gases.
Emerging terms for reforestation forests
Authors: Stanturf John , Petrokofsky Gillian , Ivetić Vladan
Published: December 2024

New terms have proliferated as international focus on forest condition surged because of the role forests play in climate change mitigation and adaptation. From umbrella concepts (e.g., forestation, nature-based solutions, and ecosystem restoration) to specific methods (e.g., forest landscape restoration, rewilding, and assisted migration), nuanced terms target different beginning conditions (non-forest, harvested, deforested, or degraded forest) and desired future conditions (forest cover, self-sustaining systems, ecological integrity). Human well-being may or may not be a relevant objective. Quality forest reproductive material is critical for the success of large-scale planting to meet current policy objectives and future needs as climate warming and increased intensity and frequency of extreme events add to reforestation backlogs embodied in the new terminology and attitudes toward forest management.