bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Learning to count: adapting population monitoring for Endangered huemul deer Hippocamelus bisulcus to meet conservation objectives
Authors: Wittmer Heiko , Corti P , Saucedo C , Galaz J
Published: September 2020

Considerable efforts have been invested in recent years to improve methods for both data collection and analyses required for population monitoring. Where historical or current estimates of population size are not adjusted for detection probabilities they may be too inaccurate to provide meaningful estimates of trends and thus monitoring methods need to be adapted. Here, we use data from the Endangered huemul deer Hippocamelus bisulcus to outline a framework to develop accurate robust estimates of detection probabilities that can be incorporated into new surveys in a cost-effective way and applied to existing survey data sets. In particular, by retroactively estimating detection probabilities for surveys of huemul, we show that current survey methods for huemul are inadequate to determine population trends reliably. Based on these results we propose a new monitoring method for the huemul and discuss the importance of estimating accuracies of historical survey data to ensure that changes in the abundance of the species reflect real population trends and are not an artefact of variation over time in the accuracy of survey data. © 2010 Fauna & Flora International.
Temple looting in Cambodia: Anatomy of a statue trafficking network
Authors: Mackenzie Simon , Davis T
Published: September 2020

Qualitative empirical studies of the illicit antiquities trade have tended to focus either on the supply end, through interviews with looters, or on the demand end, through interviews with dealers, museums and collectors. Trafficking of artefacts across borders from source to market has until now been something of an evidential black hole. Here, we present the first empirical study of a statue trafficking network, using oral history interviews conducted during ethnographic criminology fieldwork in Cambodia and Thailand. The data begin to answer many of the pressing but unresolved questions in academic studies of this particular criminal market, such as whether organized crime is involved in antiquities looting and trafficking (yes), whether the traffic in looted artefacts overlaps with the insertion of fakes into the market (yes) and how many stages there are between looting at source and the placing of objects for public sale in internationally respected venues (surprisingly few). © The Author 2014.
Collectors on illicit collecting: Higher loyalties and other techniques of neutralization in the unlawful collecting of rare and precious orchids and antiquities
Authors: Mackenzie Simon , Yates D
Published: September 2020

© 2015, © The Author(s) 2015. Trafficking natural objects and trafficking cultural objects have been treated separately both in regulatory policy and in criminological discussion. The former is generally taken to be ‘wildlife crime’ while the latter has come to be considered under the auspices of a debate on ‘illicit art and antiquities’. In this article we study the narrative discourse of high-end collectors of orchids and antiquities. The illicit parts of these global trades are subject to this analytical divide between wildlife trafficking and art trafficking, and this has resulted in quite different regulatory structures for each of these markets. However, the trafficking routines, the types and levels of harm involved, and the supply–demand dynamics in the trafficking of orchids and antiquities are actually quite similar, and in this study we find those structural similarities reflected in substantial common ground in the way collectors talk about their role in each market. Collectors of rare and precious orchids and antiquities valorize their participation in markets that are known to be in quite considerable degree illicit, appealing to ‘higher loyalties’ such as preservation, appreciation of aesthetic beauty and cultural edification. These higher loyalties, along with other techniques of neutralization, deplete the force of law as a guide to appropriate action. We propose that the appeal to higher loyalties is difficult to categorize as a technique of neutralization in this study as it appears to be a motivational explanation for the collectors involved. The other classic techniques of neutralization are deflective, guilt and critique reducing narrative mechanisms, while higher loyalties drives illicit behaviour in collecting markets for orchids and antiquities in ways that go significantly beyond the normal definition of neutralization.
A regularized shallow-water waves system with slip-wall boundary
conditions in a basin: Theory and numerical analysis
Authors: Israwi Samer , Kalisch Henrik , Katsaounis Theodoros , Mitsotakis Dimitrios
Published: September 2020

The simulation of long, nonlinear dispersive waves in bounded domains usually
requires the use of slip-wall boundary conditions. Boussinesq systems appearing
in the literature are generally not well-posed when such boundary conditions
are imposed, or if they are well-posed it is very cumbersome to implement the
boundary conditions in numerical approximations.
In the present paper a new Boussinesq system is proposed for the study of
long waves of small amplitude in a basin when slip-wall boundary conditions are
required. The new system is derived using asymptotic techniques under the
assumption of small bathymetric variations, and a mathematical proof of
well-posedness for the new system is developed.
The new system is also solved numerically using a Galerkin finite-element
method, where the boundary conditions are imposed with the help of Nitsche's
method. Convergence of the numerical method is analyzed, and precise error
estimates are provided. The method is then implemented, and the convergence is
verified using numerical experiments. Numerical simulations for solitary waves
shoaling on a plane slope are also presented. The results are compared to
experimental data, and excellent agreement is found.
Penerapan Algoritma Lemmatization pada Dokumen Bahasa Indonesia
Authors: Miftahuddin Yusup , Pardede Jasman , Dewi Renita
Published: September 2020

Sebuah kata, kalimat maupun tulisan dapat dikatakan layak apabila telah memenuhi PUEBI (Pedoman Umum Ejaan Bahasa Indonesia) dan KBBI (Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia). Akan tetapi, sangat banyak ditemukan kesalahan penulisan dalam suatu dokumen seperti karya ilmiah mapun skripsi diantaranya yaitu suatu katayang tidak memenuhi kebakuan dan tidak sesuai dengan PUEBI dan kesalahan penulisan (typographical error) yaitu salah dalam pengetikkan karena kecepatan perpindahan jari yang tidak seimbang dari satu tombol ke tombol lain untuk merangkai kata yang akhirnyamembuat orang salah paham dengan maksud kalimat yang dihasilkan dari susunan kata tersebut karena tidak ada dalam KBBI. Algoritma lemmatization adalah suatu algoritma yang digunakan untuk menemukan bentuk dasar dari suatu kata sehingga dapat dimanfaatkan untukmemeriksa kebenaran dari penggunaan ejaan pada suatu kata. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur keakurasian dari penggunaan algoritma lemmatization dalam melakukan seleksi terhadap kata yang salah atau tidak tepat berdasarkan PUEBI dan KBBI sebagai acuan
Milk and meat consumption and production in Chile, c. 1930-2017: A history of a successful nutrition transition
Authors: Llorca-Jaña Manuel , Nazer Ricardo , Morales Daniel , Navarrete-Montalvo Juan
Published: September 2020

This article shows how Chile experienced a profound nutrition transition within a short period of time. Before the early 1990s, the diet of most Chileans was poor in animal proteins and calcium. Today, Chileans enjoy a diet characterized by high consumption of meat and dairy products. The rapid rise in consumption of these products can be attributed to various factors: Chile belatedly joining the international agribusiness revolution; government support from the 1930s to the 1960s; increasing GDP per capita; macro-economic stability; changes in consumption habits; trade liberalization; and the fall in food prices, as both meat and milk had high income elasticity. These revolutions in both production and consumption have greatly improved the nutrition of the Chilean population and partly explain the improvement in Chile’s biological well-being.
EVALUATION OF METHODS OF TREATMENT OF COWS with POST-Partum ACUTE PURULENT-CATARAL ENDOMETRITIS
Authors: Semivolos Aleksandr  Mefodyevich , Bryukhanova Anastsaiya Andreevna , Pankov Ivan   Yurievich
Published: September 2020

Clinical studies and observations found that 42.39% of cows after calving had inflammatory diseases of the uterus. Subclinical (23.19%) and acute forms of endometritis (12.86%) were dominant. Microbiological studies of the contents of the uterus of cows with acute postpartum purulent-catarrhal endometritis showed that the microflora is represented by Streptococcus pyogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris, Streptococcus faecium. After a course of therapy in cows with acute purulent-catarrhal endometritis with various preparations, restoration of sexual cyclicity was noted in all animals to which Enroflon was administered. After the treatment with Lexoflon, the manifestation of sexual cycles was recorded in 88.89% of females. After the treatment with Enroflon, fertilization occurred in 100% of the animals of this experimental group with an insemination index of 1.78. Fertilization of cows after the treatment with Lexoflon was 66.67% with an insemination index of 2.67.
Test results of heat heater on the feeding plot for 1300 heads
Authors: Arkhiptsev Alexander Valeryevich
Published: September 2020

Experience was gained in introducing a heat utilizer in the area of piglet feeding for 1300 heads. In the process of heat exchange, the heat produced by animals and heating equipment, which goes to heat the supply air, is utilized. In the calculation for the year, this saves up to 84.1% of the cost of heating industrial premises.
SUBSTANTIATION OF THE OPENER CONSTRUCTION FOR SOWING SMALL SEED CROPS
Authors: Ovtov Vladimir Alexandrovich , Abrosimov Maxim Yurevich
Published: September 2020

The analysis of existing designs of openers of seed drills used in sowing small-seeded crops is carried out. The design and model of the opener for sowing small-seeded crops is proposed, and the technological process of its operation is described. Design and technological calculations for substantiating structural-operational parameters of the proposed opener are presented
ASSESSMENT OF PACKAGE GRAPHICS AND COLOUR ATTRIBUTES ON CONSUMERS’ BUYING BEHAVIOUR IN KENYA
Authors: Kosgei Betty Jepchirchir , Wanjira Jane
Published: September 2020

Understanding consumer buying behaviour and their preference to product attributes has become a key success factor in contemporary competitive and rapid changing business environment. Consumer is now more discerning and individualistic requiring marketers to gain insights into their buying behaviour especially the attitude they have towards product innovation especially packaging. The general objective of the study was to determine the effect of packaging attributes on consumer’s buying behaviour of packaged foods in Kenya. This paper discusses the research findings on the influence of packaged food graphics and colour attributes on consumers’ buying behaviour in Kenya. The study was supported by the Theory of Reasoned Action, the Howard-Sheth Model and Kano’s Theory of Attractive Quality. Descriptive and explanatory research designs were used and a sample of 385 shoppers from three supermarkets in Nairobi was selected randomly while data was collected using structured questionnaires. The selection of supermarkets was based on judgmental sampling in which location and foot traffic was considered. Data was analysed using descriptive statistics in the form of mean, percentages and standard deviations, and inferential statistics in the form of correlation tests and regression analysis. The study found a statistically significant relationship between the attributes of graphics and colour and consumer’s buying behaviour. The study recommends that food manufacturers understand consumer response to their packages, and integrate the inputs into designing the best packaging styles. This can be achieved by involving consumers in the process of packaging so that the right decisions are made without making any assumption regarding the final packaging of food products. This study is beneficial to new and existing food product manufacturers in coming up with strategies and in development of product packaging. Keywords: Package Graphics, Colour Attributes, Consumers’ Buying Behaviour.
INDOOR COMFORT CONDITIONS IN TERMS OF USER SATISFACTION FOR MIDDLE-INCOME GROUPS: THE CASE OF ATAEVLER, BURSA, TURKEY
Authors: Gür Miray , Sezer Filiz Şenkal
Published: September 2020

The objective of this research paper is to investigate residents’ perception of indoor comfort conditions and user satisfaction in the residences for middle-income groups, focusing on thermal, visual and acoustical comfort. For this purpose, a residential satisfaction survey was conducted to residents of 5 housing estates in Ataevler, Bursa, Turkey. The study consists of literature review, evaluation of user satisfaction survey, and discussion of the research findings focusing on improving indoor environment. The questionnaires were applied to residents and they were asked to express their perception of indoor comfort and their satisfaction level with comfort parameters in which they live in. The answers have statically been analyzed in terms of percentages through SPSS 13.0. The results obtained indicate that the main dissatisfaction factors related to comfort conditions of middle income groups in their housing estates were related to indoor-outdoor noise problems and inadequate daylight received. The results suggest that comfort levels of users related to climatic factors vary based on their house and seasons. Heating levels of buildings are adjusted based on the comfort of the users. Comfort levels related to indoor-outdoor noise are very low. Satisfaction levels from visual comfort is low in buildings that were constructed close to each other because of inadequate daylight. Achieving optimal visual, acoustical, and climatic comfort conditions is essential to create a positive impact on users’ performance in houses. The results of this study and suggested comfort conditions are expected to contribute to building policies, building producers, academia and to the implementation of high quality, healthy and energy efficient houses.
Carbono en suelo, hierbas y arbustos en una plantación forestal en Jalisco, México
Authors: Acosta Mireles Miguel , Carrillo Anzures Fernando , Buendía-Rodríguez Enrique , Benavides Solorio Juan de Dios , Flores Ayala Eulogio , González Molina Lucila
Published: September 2020

Un adecuado manejo forestal sustentable, ya sea en una plantación o un bosque natural, se crean sumideros de carbono que suelen ser constante en el tiempo, sin embargo, se desconoce cómo afecta las actividades del manejo de la vegetación en los sumideros de carbono en los ecosistemas forestales. El objetivo fue estimar la concentración de carbono en herbáceas y arbustos, hojarasca y dos profundidades de suelo (0 a 15 cm y de 15 a 30 cm), en una plantación forestal con presencia de cuatro especies tropicales en dos condiciones de manejo. Se realizaron las mediciones de carbono en hierbas y arbustos, hojarasca y dos profundidades de suelo en dos condiciones con manejo y sin manejo en 30 parcelas con presencia de rosa morada (Tabebuia rosea), teca (Tectona grandis), melina (Gmelina arborea) y parota (Enterolobium cyclocarpum). Después de la colecta, se pesó y se determinó el peso seco de cada muestra, para determinar el contenido de carbono por cada uno de los componentes. Después se realizó un Anova y la prueba de Duncan para determinar si existen diferencias significativas. La parcela con parota y con manejo fue la que mayor cantidad de carbono total registró con 73.94 Mg ha-1, mientras que la parcela con teca con manejo reportó el menor contenido de carbono total, con 45.63 Mg ha-1. En cuanto al contenido de carbono en el suelo este disminuye en 35% aproximadamente, conforme aumenta su profundidad, existiendo diferencias significativas.
Respuesta de Coffea arabica L. a la aplicación de abonos orgánicos y biofertilizantes
Authors: Canseco Martínez Daniela Arisbet , Villegas Aparicio Yuri , Castañeda Hidalgo Ernesto , Carrillo Rodríguez José Cruz , Robles Celerino , Santiago Martínez Gisela Margarita
Published: September 2020

El café orgánico tiene una alta demanda en el mercado internacional y su cultivo se aprovecha como eje de desarrollo comunitario. En Oaxaca se implementan alternativas ecológicas de forma sostenible para la producción de café. El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar el efecto de abonos orgánicos y biofertilizantes en la dinámica del crecimiento de C. arabica L. en plantas establecidas en campo var. Typica renovadas tres años atrás. El estudio se realizó en la finca El Nueve, Santa María Huatulco, Oaxaca, durante 2018. Los abonos orgánicos evaluados fueron: Lombricomposta (L), Natur-abono® (Na), Bio-Orgamin (Bo) y guano de murciélago (Gm). Los biofertilizantes fueron a base de Azotobacter sp. (Az) y Glomus cubense (Gc). Además de sus combinaciones y un testigo (T), para un total de 17 tratamientos. Los datos se sometieron a un análisis de varianza y pruebas Tukey. Las variables evaluadas fueron altura de la planta (Ap), diámetro del tallo (Dt), índice de esbeltez (IE) y número de nudos (Nn). Los cafetos respondieron positivamente a los abonos orgánicos y biofertilizantes, obteniendo diferencias significativas entre tratamientos con un nivel de significancia (p≤ 0.05), para Ap, con la combinación de Gm+L+Gc se obtuvieron alturas de 216 cm. Para Dt, el T mostró el mayor valor con 3.16 cm. En cuanto a Nn, la combinación de Gm+L+Gc generó mayor número con 56.33 nudos. El uso de abonos orgánicos y biofertilizantes en combinación es indispensable para el buen crecimiento de los cafetos en plantaciones renovadas.
OPTIMALISASI UNSUR LIVE SHOOT DAN MOTION GRAPHIC UNTUK PROMOSI DIGITAL LEMBAGA PAUD
Authors: Yulandina Aldilla , Antoni Condra , Firmanda Ardiman
Published: September 2020

Presentation of information for educational institutions is one of the most important means to introduce the institutions to the public. Raudhatul Athfal (RA) Ar-Rasyid Tanjungpinang needs media that can promote and provide information about the institution, because the number of registrants is decreasing during current years. This research was conducted with the creation of the institution’s profile video that applies elements of live shoot and motion graphics to easily convey information in short duration videos, and to make the profile video look interesting. The stage of making a profile video is starting from taking pictures directly (live shoot), editing to rendering process. Based on the process of designing, implementation, testing and discussion, it can be concluded that this research has been able to produce a profile video that can be used as a promotional mean for attracting new students in 2017/2018 at RA Ar-Rasyid Tanjungpinang. The result shows that 77% of 98 applicants have been informed through video profiles distributed with Videotron.
MULTIMEDIA INTERAKTIF PENGENALAN HEWAN DAN TUMBUHAN LANGKA MENGGUNAKAN MODEL TUTORIAL
Authors: Sembiring Evaliata Br , Wahyuni Dwi , Anurogo Wenang
Published: September 2020

Knowledge of endangered animals and plants is very important for children. Material about those two begins to be studied in class III at the elementary school. A book is used as a medium to deliver the materials. This resulted in a lack of understanding of students toward knowledge about endangered animals and plants. One of the solutions being made is to use the interactive learning media. This paper elaborates on the creation of interactive multimedia learning containing text, images, sound, and animation of 2D. The research shows that: (1) Interactive multimedia is created in the form of tutorials and practice questions in the .exe format so that their use does not depend on a specific software; (2) the aspect of interest-ness of the multimedia is 82.4%; (3) pretest and post-tests show that the interactive multimedia experience increased the student understanding, namely achieving 50% with the average value of the students' score reaches 83.3%.
PERBANDINGAN LITERASI INFORMASI MAHASISWA PEMULA POLITEKNIK NEGERI BATAM
Authors: Septiana Maryani , Wirangga Aditya
Published: September 2020

This study aims to compare the level of information literacy of first-year students across different studies offered by major at Polytechnic Negeri Batam.  The method used is a descriptive quantitative approach through a questionnaire conducted to 93 respondents.  The sampling method uses purposive sampling. This study takes ALA concept of information literacy which are standard 1 about to able to identify a personal need for information, standard 2 about can access current knowledge and idnetify gaps, standard 3 is about can construct strategies for location information and data and standard 5 is about can review research process and compare and evaluate information and data. The results of this study are that level of student’s information literacy are in Good level. This level get results are 54% of correspondents, 42% satisfactory, low is 3%  and only 1% got very satisfactory. This mostly can be showed by how they can review research process, compare and evaluate information and data.
Kajian Efektivitas Larutan Etsa NH4OH, FeCl3, dan CuCl2 pada Multilayar Rigid Printed Circuit Board
Authors: Riafinola Hanifah , Lifitri Shintiya , Ginting Mcael Timanta , Budiana Budiana
Published: September 2020

Salah satu dari proses manufaktur Printed Circuit Board (PCB) adalah proses etsa yang menggunakan larutan kimia. Larutan kimia yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah NH4OH, FeCl3 dan CuCl2. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah menggunakan mesin etsa dengan menggunkan motor servo yang terbaca melalui encoder. Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa waktu yang dibutuhkan untuk melakukan proses etsa untuk seluruh PCB adalah 8 menit untuk FeCl3, 18 menit untuk CuCl2. Sedangkan untuk NH4OH baru terjadi etsa pada waktu 18 menit.
Sistem Pendeteksi Jatuh Wearable untuk Lanjut Usia Menggunakan Accelerometer dan Gyroscope
Authors: Tsani Syifa Dzikri , Mulyadi Indra Hardian
Published: September 2020

Perkembangan populasi lanjut usia meningkat setiap tahunnya berbanding lurus dengan angka potensi jatuh pada lanjut usia. Jatuh menjadi salah satu kecelakaan yang paling umum terjadi pada lanjut usia. Sekitar 28-35% orang berusia 65 atau lebih di dunia mengalami kejadian jatuh setiap tahunnya. Jatuh dapat berakibat cedera fatal bahkan meningkatkan risiko kematian jika tidak segera ditangani. Untuk meminimalkan dampak yang ditimbulkan jatuh tersebut, telah banyak penelitian yang dilakukan salah satunya dengan metode threshold. Penelitian ini bertujuan membuat suatu sistem pendeteksi jatuh untuk mendapatkan nilai akurasi sistem. Sistem ini memanfaatkan nilai keluaran dari sensor accelerometer dan gyroscope berbasis mikrokontroler dengan metode threshold. Hasil notifikasi jatuh akan dikirimkan dan ditampilkan pada smartphone android. Perangkat ini bersifat wearable digunakan pada bagian pinggang. Penelitian ini menggunakan 6 jenis aktivitas biasa: berdiri, jongkok, berjalan, berlari, naik dan turun tangga, juga menggunakan 4 jenis aktivitas jatuh: jatuh ke kanan, kiri, depan dan belakang. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian yang telah dilakukan, didapatkan bahwa sistem yang dibuat memiliki sensitivitas sebesar 82,50%, spesifisitas sebesar 91,67%, akurasinya sebesar 88% dan tingkat keberhasilan smartphone menampilkan notifikasi jatuh sebesar 96,97%.
Alat Monitoring Radiasi Matahari di Pulau Batam
Authors: Wahyudi Muhammad Prihadi Eko , Qodri Faiz Al , Septiana Maryani , Fitriyah Qoriatul
Published: September 2020

Photovoltaics (PV) cell adalah sebuah elemen yang dapat melakukan konversi energi dari radiasi akibat panas matahari menjadi energi listrik dengan prinsip semikonduktor. Tegangan dan arus listrik yang dihasilkan sel surya dipengaruhi oleh tingkat intensitas radiasi cahaya matahari dan temperatur udara lingkungan. Alat yang dibuat dalam penelitian ini didesain dengan menggunakan metode lookup table yang dibuat dengan memakai 2 motor sebagai penggerak sumbu x dan y dalam menentukan koordinat dari posisi matahari yang digunakan sebagai penentu intensitas radiasi matahari di Pulau Batam. Perangkat ini juga terintegrasi dengan waktu menggunakan real time clock module.
The Effect of Profitability, Sales Growth, and Firm Size on Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure
Authors: Putri Yausi Rara
Published: September 2020

Corporate Social Responsibility disclosure is an information that contains social responsibility activities carried out by the company towards social environment. The preparation of Corporate Social Responsibility disclosure using the GRI Standards and the result is a Sustainability report. This research aims to analyze the effect of profitability, sales growth, and firm size on Corporate Social Responsibility disclosure in Index Kompas100 companies listed in IDX 2017-2018. The sample in this research amounted to 17 companies in tne Kompas100 index 2017-2018. The research method is quantitative and is processed using Eviews 10 software. The results of profitability, sales growth, and firm size simultaneously have a significant effect on Corporate Social Responsibility. Partially, only firm size has a positive significant effect on Corporate Social Responsibility disclosure
PERANAN PENERIMAAN PAJAK DAERAH DAN RETRIBUSI DAERAH TERHADAP PENDAPATAN ASLI DAERAH PADA BADAN PENDAPATAN DAERAH KABUPATEN BULUKUMBA
Authors: Agusta Revoldai
Published: September 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah Penerimaan Pajak Daerah dan Retribusi Daerah memberikan peranan terhadap Pendapatan Asli Daerah pada Badan Pendapatan Daerah Kabupaten Bulukumba.

Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Deskriptif kualitatif adalah mengumpulkan, mengolah dan menginterprestasikan yang diperoleh sehingga memberikan keterangan yang benar dan lengkap untuk pemecahan masalah yang dihadapi. Data yang diperoleh yaitu daftar rincian- rincian Pendapatan Asli Daerah selama tiga tahun yaitu dari tahun 2016 sampai 2018.

Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pembahasan yang dilihat dari penerimaan pajak dan penerimaan retribusi yang diterima dari tahun 2016 sampai 2018 dan kontribusi pajak dan retribusi daerah terhadap pendapatan asli daerah maka dapat diketahui bahwa penerimaan pajak daerah dan retribusi daerah memberikan peranan yang cukup signifikan terhadap pendapatan asli daerah.
PENGARUH FREE CASH FLOW DAN NET PROFIT MARGIN TERHADAP DIVIDEND PAYOUT RATIO PADA PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA
Authors: Br Purba Neni Marlina , Yusran Rio Rahmat
Published: September 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh free cash flow dan net profit margin terhadap dividen payout ratio pada perusahaan manufaktur subsektor makanan dan minuman yang terdaftar pada Bursa Efek Indonesia pada periode 2014-2018. Metode pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik purposive sampling yaitu pengambilan sampel dengan menggunakan kriteria tertentu. Pengujian hipotesis yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini dengan uji regresi linier berganda, asumsi klasik, uji parsial, uji simultan dan uji determinasi. Berdasarkan hasil uji analisis parsial yang telah dilakukan diperoleh yang diperoleh free cash flow secara parsial tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap dividend payout ratio Sedangkan net profit margin secara parsial berpengaruh signifikan terhadap dividend payout ratio. Berdasarkan hasil uji analisis secara simultan diperoleh free cash flow dan net profit margin secara simultan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap dividend payout ratio. Uji determinasi diperoleh nilai adjusted R square sebesar 0.168, yang berarti free cash flow dan net profit margin memberikan pengaruh sebesar 16.8% terhadap dividend payout ratio dan sisanya sebesar 83.2% di pengaruhi oleh variabel lain yang tidak terdapat dalam penelitian ini.
Estomaterapia: influências e repercussões na carreira profissional
Authors: Wojastyk Lais Del Moro Cespedes , de Paula Maria Angela Boccara , Prado Merielen Neves Brajão
Published: September 2020

Objetivo: Analisar as influências e repercussões da estomaterapia na carreira de enfermeiros. Métodos: Estudo de caráter descritivo, exploratório com abordagem quantitativa, realizado no ano de 2014. A amostra foi constituída de 29 enfermeiros egressos do curso de especialização em enfermagem em estomaterapia há mais de dez anos da Escola de Enfermagem da Universidade de São Paulo e da Universidade de Taubaté. Os dados foram coletados através de questionário e analisados pelo software SPHINXR. Resultados: A continuidade dos estudos proporcionou ao enfermeiro uma carreira com promoções, cargos gerenciais ou ainda um redirecionamento da carreira. O ambiente de trabalho influenciou na realização da especialidade (21/79%). Os participantes atuavam em vários tipos de instituições e seus cargos eram diversos, apresentando assim opções para quem quer seguir carreira na área. Conclusão: O mercado de trabalho, assim como o ambiente que o enfermeiro está inserido, na maioria das vezes tem papel definidor quando o assunto é a escolha de uma especialização
Preclinical in vivo Neurotoxicity Studies of Drug Candidates
Authors: Eremina N. V. , Kolik L. G. , Ostrovskaya R. U. , Durnev A. D.
Published: September 2020

Neurotoxic effects are one of the common reasons for discontinuation of preclinical and/or clinical studies. Preclinical evaluation of neurotoxic effects is complicated due to a wide range of manifestations and degrees of severity. Current experimental approaches to neurotoxicity assessment are cumbersome, laborious and not adapted enough for preclinical studies in the early stages of drug development. The aim of the study was to review existing approaches to experimental assessment of neurotoxic potential of new drugs and to discuss the need for and feasibility of developing and using integrated rapid neurotoxicity tests for early assessment of a pharmacological project’s potential. The authors reviewed scientific literature and guidance documents and analysed current approaches to chemical compound neurotoxicity assessment in laboratory animals. The paper analyses the main issues of neurotoxicity assessment for new drugs and compares Irwin tests with the functional observation battery. It analyses issues related to assessment of drugs’ effects on the development and maturation of central nervous system functions at pre- and postnatal stages. It was determined that the current practice is not sufficient for assessment of potential adverse effects on cognitive functions. The authors assessed factors affecting cognitive functions of rodents during studies. The “Acute suppression of the exploratory and orientation response” and “Extrapolation escape task” tests were proposed for validation as potential rapid tests for detection of an array of organic and functional neurotoxic disorders at early stages of preclinical studies.
Relevant Issues of Planning Bioequivalence Studies of Drugs with a Narrow Therapeutic Range
Authors: Romodanovsky D. P.
Published: September 2020

In order to be registered, generic drugs with a narrow therapeutic range have to undergo bioequivalence or therapeutic equivalence studies. In most cases, comparative pharmacokinetic studies and demonstration of bioequivalence between the test and the reference products are sufficient for this group of drugs. However, there is no established official definition in Russia for the group of drugs that are regarded as having a narrow therapeutic range. Evaluation of bioequivalence of such drugs has to be performed providing for narrower confidence intervals, which entails certain problems at the stage of bioequivalence study planning. Finding solutions to the problems stated above is of great importance. The aim of the study was to develop approaches to planning bioequivalence studies of drugs with a narrow therapeutic range. Materials and methods: the paper analyses the results of 33 bioequivalence studies of drugs with a narrow therapeutic range, in which Cmax, AUC0-t, and tmax were calculated. Intra-individual variation and weighted mean intra-individual variation of Cmax and AUC0-t were estimated in the study. Statistical processing was performed using IBM SSPS Statistics v.25. and Microsoft Office Excel 2016. Results: the paper summarises criteria for categorising drugs as having a narrow therapeutic range and describes general requirements for assessing their bioequivalence. A number of bioequivalence studies of generic valproic acid, carbamazepine, levothyroxine, tacrolimus, and cyclosporine products which meet the criteria for drugs with a narrow therapeutic range, were analysed retrospectively. The data on their pharmacokinetics and intra-individual variation were calculated. It also summarises requirements for bioequivalence evaluation of drugs with a narrow therapeutic range. The paper gives product-specific recommendations for performing bioequivalence studies. Conclusion: the study helped to formulate approaches to the planning of bioequivalence studies of generic drugs with a narrow therapeutic range using the examples of valproic acid, carbamazepine, levothyroxine, tacrolimus, and cyclosporine.
Prospects for Using the ELISPOT Technological Platform as Part of Anti-Epidemic Measures Against the New Coronavirus Infection COVID-19
Authors: Poteryaev D. A. , Khamitov R. A. , Efimov G. A. , Shuster A. M.
Published: September 2020

Determination of T-cell immune response to SARS-CoV-2 is important both for diagnosis of the disease in symptomatic patients, and for determination of the total number of people who have had the disease, including its asymptomatic form. In addition, these assays are efficient for assessing the immune response after vaccination, as well as immunity levels in risk groups and in convalescent patients. The most promising method of T-cell immune response assessment is an ELISPOT-based assay measuring the release of interferon-gamma (IGRA) after stimulation with coronavirus-specific antigens. The present review analyses the prospects for using the ELISPOT technological platform in the clinical laboratory setting when dealing with the new coronavirus infection COVID-19, given specific aspects of the immune response. The review summarises data from articles published in peer-reviewed journals, preprints of articles available at arXiv resources, and information that some leading immunologists shared with the authors during private discussions. It has been shown that the introduction of B- and T-cell ELISPOT assays will make it possible to monitor the immunological status of patients, select a treatment strategy, identify the most vulnerable populations, carry out comprehensive assessment of vaccines during the development, clinical trials and implementation stages. The paper discusses the issues of maintaining T-cell immunity in the blood of people who have had HCoV, SARS, MERS, and COVID-19 coronavirus infections. It also discusses the advantages of the T-cell ELISPOT assay over serological tests as regards epidemiological assessment of the prevalence of the new coronavirus infection, and clinical trials of COVID-19 vaccines. Biotechnology companies have a ready-made technological platform for the development and industrial-scale production of ELISPOT kits, and this platform is easily adaptable to specific types of assays and pathogens. The paper supports the need to develop vaccines that would stimulate both cellular and humoral immune responses, and raises the question of the protective potential of cross-immunity acquired before the COVID-19 pandemic.
Effectiveness of Specific Prevention of Tick-Borne Encephalitis
Authors: Shcherbinina M. S. , Barkhaleva O. A. , Dorokhova O. S. , Movsesyants A. A.
Published: September 2020

Vaccination remains the only way to prevent tick-borne encephalitis (TBE). All TBE vaccines are based on strains of the Far Eastern and European subtypes of TBE virus. Currently, the Siberian subtype of the virus, which differs from the vaccine strains, accounts for 80–100% of the genetic population of TBE virus in most of Russia. The proportion of TBE vaccinated patients among those infected was different from year to year in Russia, e.g. 3.9% in 2012 and 1.5% in 2018, there were also some fatal cases registered among vaccinated patients. In this regard, evaluation of the effectiveness of vaccination against various genetic subtypes of TBE is a promising area of research. The purpose of this study was to summarise the results of studies investigating effectiveness of specific prevention of TBE as regards various genetic subtypes of the virus. The paper analyses data on the effectiveness of TBE vaccination in experimental settings and in real life. It was demonstrated that the use of vaccines for prevention of TBE is effective, provided the vaccination coverage is not less than 80%. The paper cites the data from a long-term study of the stability and protective activity of vaccine immunity against TBE virus strains isolated in highly endemic territories. It was established that TBE vaccines have high immunogenic activity and contribute to the production of stable protective antibodies against the strains of the three genetic subtypes of the virus. Protective efficacy of vaccination depends on the number of vaccinations received, the vaccination scheme, gender and age of those vaccinated. The paper concludes by saying that further studies are needed to assess TBE vaccine efficacy in order to improve vaccination tactics, to better understand causes of morbidity and mortality among vaccinated individuals.
Safety of Remdesivir and Tocilizumab in COVID-19 Treatment
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: September 2020

An important part of treating patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 is to ensure effective pathogenetic and symptomatic therapy before life-threatening complications, such as pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, or sepsis begin to develop. Current COVID-19 treatment protocols often use remdesivir and tocilizumab, though safety data on these drugs are insufficient. Therefore, experts of the Centre for Evaluation of Medicinal Products’ Safety of the Federal State Budgetary Institution “Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation studied adverse reactions to remdesivir and tocilizumab, which are registered in the VigiBase (as of August 27, 2020), the global database of individual case safety reports.
PENGARUH PENDIDIKAN DAN PELATIHAN, KOMITMEN DAN KOMPETENSI TERHADAP PROMOSI JABATAN DI PT. PANARUB INDUSTRY TANGERANG
Authors: Yulistiyono Agus
Published: September 2020

Salah satu kemajuan suatu bangsa dapat diukur dari sumber daya manusianya. Dimana kemajuan sumber daya manusia dapat dilihat dari pencapaian pendidikan dan ini dapat dilihat dari Human Development Index in PECC Economies pada kolom Educational Attainment. Oleh sebab itu pendidikan  merupakan salah satu bidang yang sangat penting dalam kehidupan suatu bangsa, terpuruknya perekonomian yang mengakibatkan rakyat banyak kehilangan kesempatan untuk menikmati pendidikan baik formal maupun nonformal sehingga bidang pendidikan merupakan salah tujuan program pemerintah.Melalui Departement Training And People Development dengan menyelenggarakan pendidikan dan pelatihan kualitas sumber daya manusia dapat ditingkatkan. Dengan  pendidikan dan pelatihan, komitmen dan kompetensi yang dimiliki oleh karyawan diharapkan dapat mempromosikan dirinya untuk meningkatkan promosi jabatan yang lebih tinggi sesuai dengan kriteria dan kebutuhan perusahaan.Kata Kunci : Pendidikan, Pelatihan, Komitmen, Kompetensi, Promosi Jabatan.
PENGARUH PERPUTARAN MODAL KERJA DAN PERPUTARAN AKTIVA TETAP TERHADAP PROFITABILITAS (Pada Perusahaan Food and Beverages yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Pada Tahun 2009-2015)
Authors: Zatira Dhea
Published: September 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji secara empiris pengaruh perputaran modal kerja dan perputaran aktiva tetap terhadap profitabilitas pada perusahaan Food and Beverages yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia.Penelitian ini menggunakan sampel perusahaan Food and Beverages yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia selama periode 2009 – 2015. Berdasarkan metode purposive sampling, jumlah perusahaan Food and Beverages yang dijadikan sample dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 8 perusahaan. Pengujian hipotesis menggunakan analisis regresi data panel dengan menggunakan program EViews 9.0.Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa perputaran modal kerja tidak memiliki pengaruh terhadap profitabilitas. Sedangkan perputaran aktiva tetap berpengaruh positif terhadap profitabilitas.Kata kunci: Perputaran Modal Kerja, Perputaran Aktiva Tetap dan Profitabilitas
ANALISIS VALUASI HARGA WAJAR SAHAM DENGAN METODE FREE CASH FLOW TO EQUITY (FCFE) DAN METODE RELATIVE VALUATION PADA SAHAM-SAHAM IDX30 TAHUN 2012
Authors: Puspitasari Ria , Megaster Tekni
Published: September 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji relevansi penilaian harga wajar saham dengan metode Discounted Cash Flow Model (DCF) dengan pendekatan valuasi Free Cash Flow to Equity (FCFE) dan metode relative valuation pada saham-saham yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Obyek penelitian pada karya tulis ini adalah saham-saham yang terdaftar pada IDX30. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa harga wajar saham IDX30 dengan metode relative valuation dengan pendekatan Price to Book Value (PBV) menghasilkan 6 saham perusahaan mengalami undervalued dan 24 saham mengalami overvalued dan dengan pendekatan Price Earning Ratio (PER) menghasilkan 12 saham mengalami undervalued dan 18 saham mengalami overvalued. Sedangkan dengan menggunakan metode Discounted Cash Flow Model dengan pendekatan Free Cash Flow to Equity menghasilkan 19 saham yang mengalami undervalued dan 11 saham yang mengalami overvalued.Kata Kunci : Valuasi, DCF, FCFE, Indeks IDX30, Relative valuation, Price to Book Value dan Price Earning Ratio
Toward a System of Evidence for All: Current Practices and Future Opportunities in 37 Randomized Trials
Authors: Tipton Elizabeth , Spybrook Jessaca , Fitzgerald Kaitlyn G. , Wang Qian , Davidson Caryn
Published: September 2020

As a result of the evidence-based decision-making movement, the number of randomized trials evaluating educational programs and curricula has increased dramatically over the past 20 years. Policy makers and practitioners are encouraged to use the results of these trials to inform their decision making in schools and school districts. At the same time, however, little is known about the schools taking part in these randomized trials, both regarding how and why they were recruited and how they compare to populations in need of research. In this article, we report on a study of 37 cluster randomized trials funded by the Institute of Education Sciences between 2011 and 2015. Principal investigators of these grants were interviewed regarding the recruitment process and practices. Additionally, data on the schools included in 34 of these studies were analyzed to determine the general demographics of schools included in funded research, as well as how these samples compare to important policy relevant populations. We show that the types of schools included in research differ in a variety of ways from these populations. Large schools from large school districts in urban areas were overrepresented, whereas schools from small school districts in rural areas and towns are underrepresented. The article concludes with a discussion of how recruitment practices might be improved in order to meet the goals of the evidence-based decision-making movement.
NEOLİBERAL POLİTİKALAR BAĞLAMINDA GÖÇÜN VE YOKSULLUĞUN MEYDANA GETİRDİĞİ GÜVENCESİZLİK
Authors: POLAT Sedat , ERDOĞAN Mehtap
Published: September 2020

Küresel kapitalizmin üretimde benimsediği esneklik modeli sonucu emeğin ücretlendirilmesi çok düşük seviyelere inmiş, dünyanın yoksul yerlerinden zengin ülkelere doğru kitlesel göçler gerçekleşmiş ve yoksulluk küresel bir hal almıştır. Göç hareketi gerçekleştikten sonra varış yerinde umut edilen yaşam standardı yakalayamama, iş bulmada yaşanılan problemler, yeterli bir gelir elde edememe, istihdamda güvencesizlik gibi problemler göç edenleri yoksullar sınıfı-na dâhil etmektedir. Neoliberal politikaların yoksullar üzerinde oluşturduğu güvencesizlik ile küresel bir olgu olan göç ilişkisinin değerlendirmesini yapmak makale bağlamında yürütülen amacı teşkil etmektedir. Öncelikle yoksulluktan başlanacaktır. Çünkü olayların düğümlendiği yer orasıdır. Bu makalede, neoliberal politikalar ile emeğin sömürüsünün devam ettiği, kapita-lizm yoksulluğa neden olduğu ve göçün cinsiyetlendirildiği, kapitalizmin neden olduğu göç ile yoksulluğun yaygınlaştığı tespit edilmiştir.
A researcher’s guide to the measurement and modeling of puberty in the ABCD StudyⓇ at baseline
Authors: Cheng Theresa W , Magis-Weinberg Lucía , Guazzelli Williamson Victoria , Ladouceur Cecile D. , Whittle Sarah , Herting Megan , Uban Kristina A. , Byrne Michelle L , Barendse Marjolein , Shirtcliff Elizabeth A , Pfeifer Jennifer H
Published: September 2020

The Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development℠ (ABCD) Study is an ongoing, diverse, longitudinal, and multi-site study of 11,880 adolescents in the United States. The ABCD Study provides open access to data about pubertal development at a large scale, and this article is a researcher’s guide that both describes its pubertal variables and outlines recommendations for use. These considerations are contextualized with reference to cross-sectional empirical analyses of pubertal measures within the baseline ABCD dataset by Herting, Uban, and colleagues (2021). We discuss strategies to capitalize on strengths, mitigate weaknesses, and appropriately interpret study limitations for researchers using pubertal variables within the ABCD dataset, with the aim of building toward a robust science of adolescent development.