bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Case report: a paroxysmal hemicrania responsive to verapamil
Authors: Cesar Alcântara Ramos de Assis , Ferreira Pablo Guarisco , Fabris Ângelo Afonso , Silva Paola Bernardi da
Published: November 2022

Introduction
Paroxysmal hemicrania (PH), a trigeminal autonomic headache, is characterized by unilateral pain in the orbital, supraorbital, and temporal regions, accompanied by nasal congestion and ocular hyperemia, with a predominance (not exclusively) in women, with attacks lasting 2 to 30 minutes and occurring several times daily. Pain crises have been known to cease completely or almost completely with the use of indomethacin. However, in some patients, the side effects caused by taking the drug prevent continuation of treatment. There is also the possibility of a partial response to the first-line drug. In these cases, alternative drugs are chosen, with verapamil being one of the drugs of choice. 
Objectives
In this report, we present a case of a patient with a partial response to the first-line drug therapy and good responsiveness to verapamil.
Methods
We collected patient data through the electronic medical record. Afterward, we reviewed the literature regarding paroxysmal hemicrania and its responsiveness to indomethacin and verapamil.
Results
A 56-year-old woman presented with a 1-year history of throbbing pain in the left hemiface, and retro-orbital and temporal ipsilateral pain, lasting approximately 30 minutes with a frequency of 5-6 episodes per day and a maximum remission period of 3 months. The headache attacks were associated with nasal congestion and allodynia and had worsened recently. Her medical history was positive for major depressive disorder and hypertension. At the time she presented, she was taking carbamazepine 900 mg per day, which resulted in partial relief of pain. Clinical examination revealed pain on palpation of the trigeminal branches on the left side, bilateral temporomandibular pain, and pain on palpation of the right greater occipital nerve. Magnetic resonance angiography of the head showed no abnormalities...
(Too see the complet abstract, please, check out PDF.)
Painful unilateral facial swelling due to superficial temporal artery thrombosis: a rare presentation of Antiphospholipid Syndrome
Authors: Lima Helena da Cunha Lopes de , Pereira Ana Clara Dias , Moura Naiara Cunha de , Silva Vivian Langue Rodrigues , Silva Junior Hilton Mariano da
Published: November 2022

Introduction
Persistent painful unilateral temporal swelling is rarely seen in clinical practice. Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune and systemic disorder that causes changes in blood clotting homeostasis, marked by arterial or venous thrombosis, gestational morbidity, and high and persistently positive serum levels of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL). APS is more common in young women and middle-aged adults, with no preference for race. Among its clinical features, temporal artery thrombosis, associated with headache and temporal and hemifacial edema is extremely rare, with few publications worldwide on this topic.
Objective
This report aims to present the case of a unilateral painful facial edema due to thrombosis of the superficial temporal artery as an unprecedented manifestation of Antiphospholipid Syndrome. Thus, the only record in the English-language literature surveyed in the Pubmed database in July 2022 highlights the rarity of this APS presentation and the consequent challenge in suspecting the correct diagnosis for adequate treatment.
Methods 
Case report. Data disclosure was authorized by the patient through an informed consent form.
Results
A 32-year-old woman was presented with pain in the right temporal region of her face. The pain was intense, daily and continuous, pulsating, without irradiation, which worsened with physical activity and presented partial relief with common analgesics. After 20 days, she developed a right pale temporal edema (Figure 1) associated with a significant worsening of pain and intense right unilateral headache attacks triggered by chewing and speaking. She has a history of deep vein thrombosis in the left lower limb. Physical examination and imaging tests showed significant cold edema of the right temporal region with asymmetry of the temporal muscles, which was extremely painful on palpation and made it difficult to open the mouth. There were no other changes in the general physical...
(Too see the complete abstract, please, check out the PDF.)
Ramsay-Hunt syndrome in HIV patient
Authors: Onuki Maria Eduarda Oliveira , Braga Mariana Leme , Oliveira Flávia Rodrigues de , Santos Edgar de Bortholi
Published: November 2022

Introduction 
Ramsay-Hunt syndrome type (SRH) type II is defined by the combination of herpes zoster oticus to acute peripheral facial nerve paralysis, described in 1907 by James Ramsay Hunt. Reactivation of latent varicella-zoster virus in the geniculate ganglion of the facial nerve will cause SRH, resulting in inflammation, edema, and compression of the VII cranial pair. However, nerve involvement, and in turn the development of SRH, manifests in less than 1% of infected patients. It is the second most common cause of atraumatic peripheral facial palsy (PFP) and has an incidence of 5 cases/100,000 people, with no sex predilection. Currently, SRH is classically described as a triad of otalgia, ipsilateral facial paralysis, and vesicles near the ear and ear canal; however, motor, sensory, and autonomic impairment when combined result in diverse neurological damage and may cause different symptoms, its diagnosis is mainly clinical.
Goal
To report the case of an HIV patient associated with SHR, seen by IIER between May and June/2022.
Case Report
Male, 49 years old, sought care on 05/20/22 in a hospital with complaints of vertigo and intense headache, associated with nausea and vomiting with onset of symptoms one day ago. His personal history was HIV+, diagnosed in 2013 and under regular treatment. On 5/25/22 resurfaced with the same symptoms of vertigo in conjunction with the appearance of an erythematous and painful vesicle in the right auricular region with edema and flushing of the region in association with PFP symptoms. On 05/30/22 he returned to the clinic with the same symptoms as before, and a magnetic resonance imaging of the temporal bones was done, showing an inflammatory process through the contrast at the bottom of the internal auditory canal suggestive of Bell's Palsy.
(To see the complet abstract, please, check out the PDF.)
Analysis of sleep, pain and anxiety correlation in individuals with TMD: an analytic transversal study
Authors: Paranhos Renata , Silvestre Lúcia , Fernandes Renata , Ramos Carina , Silva Valdir Luna da , Matos Rhowena Jane Barbosa de , Vilela Maria Cristina Ramos
Published: November 2022

Introduction

Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) is a pathology of the stomatognathic system, considered the main cause of non-dental orofacial pain.    Several signs and symptoms are present in the face from this pathology, and among them, there is the possibility of pain in the joint and associated regions. 

Pain is defined by International Association Study of Pain as an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with, or resembling that associated with, actual or potential tissue damage. Although it relates to adaptive processes, it can cause adverse effects on social and psychological function and well-being, influenced to different degrees by biological, psychological and social factors. Individuals with chronic pain, further to the pains, have oscillation in their emotional behaviors and sleep disturbances. 

The anxiety and depression in the pathogenesis of temporomandibular disorders have been investigated since the entry of Research Diagnostic Criteria (RDC) for TMD in 1992, approached in Axis II of this instrument. Studies indicate that the health of the individual and quality of life are influenced negatively by the pain and/or for the stress caused by TMD, which can compromise daily activities, cognitive and affective balance, the physical activities and sleep.

  As shown above, TMD is considered an important health problem nowadays, and is also important to consider the psychological aspects related to it and the impacts on the quality of the individuals affected by this disorder. 

Objective

The aim of this study is to analyze the correlation of sleep, pain and anxiety in individuals with TMD.

Methods

This work is a cross-sectional study that uses data from research realized in Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), approved by the Ethics and Research Committee and labeled under the number 81287.9.0000.5208...

(To see the complet abstract, please, check out the PDF.)
Human choroid plexus in a patient with intracranial hypertension and hydrocephalus: scanning electron microscopy
Authors: Andrade Juliana Ramos de , Cunha Artur Henrique Galvão Bruno da , Serra Suzana Maria Bezerra , Gonçalves Gabriel Gazzoni Araújo , Padilha Rafael José Ribeiro , Brayner Fábio André , Silva Alberto Henrique Torres Trindade da , Carvalho Déborah Emmily de , Martins Danielly Bruneska Gondim , Souto Fabrício Oliveira , Lima Filho José Luiz de , Valença Marcelo Moraes
Published: November 2022

Introduction
The daily production of 500 ml of cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) is largely carried out by the choroid plexus (CP), which is located in the cerebral ventricles. In recent years, much importance has been given to studies of the choroid plexus for a better understanding of the mechanism of headache associated with idiopathic intracranial hypertension or other etiologies. A few drugs acting on the CP to reduce CSF secretion are used to treat headache in patients with benign intracranial hypertension.
Objectives
To show scanning electron microscopy images of CP obtained from a pediatric patient with hydrocephalus.
Method
The CP sample was collected during a surgical procedure of a third ventriculostomy and CP coagulation as a treatment for hydrocephalus in a 2-year-old boy. A sample of uncoagulated CP (5 mm) was removed and immediately immersed in glutaraldehyde solution and refrigerated at 4°C. In the electron microscopy laboratory of UFPE, the sample. The sample was fixed with Karnovsky solution (2.5% glutaraldehyde, 4.0% formaldehyde and 0.1M sodium cacodylate buffer), later postfixed with 1% osmium tetroxide, dehydrated in an increasing series of alcohol (30%, 50%, 70%, 90% and 100%) and carried out the critical point for total drying. The samples were placed in metallic stubs containing a double-sided carbon tape and then metalized with gold-palladium in the Ion Sputter JFC-1100 (JEOL) equipment. Images were performed using the EVO LS-15 scanning microscopy (ZEISS).
Results
We present images of CP segments at 20,000 to 40,000x magnification, showing surface projections suggesting microvilli. Due to ethical issues, we do not have a control sample of healthy individuals for comparative purposes.
Conclusion
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time human CP images of a patient with hydrocephalus are presented using scanning electron microscopy.
Keywords: Choroid plexus, Headache, Intracranial hypertension, Hydrocephalus, Microscopy.
Residents: how is headache care in general, including emergency
Authors: Orsi Sophia , Ferreira Sarah Gavião , Paternost Beatriz Andrade , Cavalcanti Tarso Vieira , Farina José Henrique Fetti , Zambelli Bárbara Aparecida Klafke , Silva Ulisses Cleber da , Melhado Eliana Meire
Published: November 2022

Introduction

Headaches are pains in any region of the head with variable intensity, as well as its location. They can be localized or diffuse, acute or chronic, associated or not with other symptoms and have numerous causes.More than 90% of people report a history of headache during their lifetime. In addition, an overload is observed in emergency units and outpatient clinics due to inadequate initial care for a headache.

Objective

1) Conduct an epidemiological survey of headache care in emergency care units, analyzing the conduct of resident physicians. 2) Estimate the resolvability of headache cases in the emergency room and provide actions through continuing education if a deficiency in the care provided by professionals is demonstrated.

Methods

This is a descriptive observational study (cross-sectional cohort) in which we applied an online questionnaire to resident physicians who will be providing treatment in general to the patients in the city of Catanduva and neighboring cities. This is a semi-structured interview aided with self-administrated questionnaire (annexed in online in private cloud to guarantee confidentiality) which was sent via email and WhatsApp. Before joining the study, the participants filled out the informed consent form. After applying the forms, Excel spreadsheet was generated in order to process the statistical analysis. The inclusion criteria was: be a resident physician in any area of activity. The exclusion criteria: resident withdrawal at any time during the study. Number of the project in the ethics committee: 44857315.5.0000.5430

Results

A total of 115 residents physicians answered the questionnaire. The average age is 27,6 years and the majority are specializing in Clinical Surgery, Internal

Medicine and Clinical Specialties. Twenty residents reported they didn't see any headache patient and the other 95 cared weekly for an average of 4,87 patients with...

 

(To see the complet abstract, please, check out the PDF.)
Brain volumetry by voxel-based-morphometry in migraineurs: comparison between groups and clinical correlations
Authors: Silva Natália de Oliveira , Maciel Nicoly Machado , Carvalho Gabriela Ferreira , Bevilaqua-Grossi Débora , Santos Antônio Carlos dos , Dach Fabíola
Published: November 2022

Background

Migraine was previously interpreted as “benign” disease since the major part of patients were asymptomatic between attacks and brain lesions are absent in primary headaches. Advances in structural neuroimaging have changed this point of view. Voxel-based-morphometry is an accurate technique to evaluate objectively structural brain damage. Our hypothesis was that some clinical features of migraine, as aura and attack frequencies, are more related to volumetric changes in migraineurs brains. 

 

Objectives

To compare brain lobes volumetry between migraine patients (episodic migraine, with and without aura, chronic migraine) and healthy controls. To evaluate the correlations of brain volumetric variables with clinical variables.

 

Methods

This is a cross-sectional study performed with 60 female volunteers, aged between 18 and 55 years old, equally allocated into four groups: episodic migraine without aura, episodic migraine with aura, chronic migraine and controls. The sample was clinically characterized by the following variables: age, number of days with headache in the last month, number of days with aura in the last month, average pain intensity in the last month, disease duration calculated in number of years from the migraine diagnosis to the MRI performance, and the use of prophylactic drugs for migraine. Volunteers underwent brain MRI, and Free Surfer software was used to perform volumetric studies. Statistical analyses included Mann-Whitney test, Kruskal-Wallis test, Dunn test and Spearmann correlations.

 

Results

No statistically relevant differences were found in cerebral lobe volumes and supratentorial white matter in the comparison between groups. Regarding to clinical correlations, age influenced the brain lobes volumetric reduction, as expected, except for the parietal lobe, for which the correlation was not important. The disease duration was correlated with the reduction of the frontal (p<0.001 / r=-0.531), temporal (p=0.003/r=-0.433), parietal (p=0.004/r=-0.431) lobes; when adjusted by age...

 

(To see the complet abstract, please, check out the PDF.)
Diagnostic challenges in sporadic hemiplegic migraine: a case report
Authors: Santos Itamar Meireles , Sousa-Santos Patrick Emanuell , Alvarenga Tarcísio Nunes , Pozzobon Pedro Machry , Baston Ana Beatriz , Teixeira Igor de Lima e
Published: November 2022

Case Presentation

Female, 62 years old, history previous of hypertension and multiple cavernomatosis, admitted to our service emergency room with hypothesis of stroke. The patient presented headache associated with nausea and phosphenes in the right eye, with evolution for right hemiplegia. However, she showed complete and spontaneous reversal of symptoms, in a few minutes. The patient presented similar symptoms with annual recurrence since 2019, always following migraine attack. She denied familiar history of migraine. Brain MRI showed multiple cavernomatosis, with no signs of old or recent ischemia. Brain and cervical CT angiography and laboratorial tests were normal. She was then diagnosed with sporadic hemiplegic migraine, with no family report of the disease. She received treatment with Amitriptyline 50 mg per day, without further recurrences.

Discussion

Hemiplegic migraine (HM) is a rare form of migraine with motor aura, which includes fully reversible motor weakness. The aura of HM is most probably caused by cortical spreading depression, a self-propagating wave of neuronal and glial depolarization that spreads across the cerebral cortex. Patients who are the first member of their family to have hemiplegic migraine are classified as having sporadic hemiplegic migraine. Some cases of sporadic hemiplegic migraine are caused by one of the genetic variants that cause familial hemiplegic migraine. The treatment of HM is empirical and mainly relies on principles of management of the common types of migraine, except for triptans use, medication historically contraindicated because of vasoconstrictor properties.

Final comments

Hemiplegic migraine is an important differential diagnosis with stroke in patients with migraine. Correct recognition of this condition can be a crucial factor in the treatment and prognosis of the patient in the emergency room.

 

Keywords: hemiplegic migraine, motor aura, stroke mimics.
Correlation between kinesiophobia, muscle strength and neck endurance in patients with migraine
Authors: Norato Adrila de Cassia Cabral , Tolentino Gabriella de Almeida , Pinheiro-Araújo Carina Ferreira , Florencio Lidiane Lima , Oliveira Anamaria Siriani de , Dach Fabíola , Bevilaqua-Grossi Débora
Published: November 2022

IntroductionMigraine is a highly disabling primary headache that can be accompanied by pain and musculoskeletal dysfunction in the cervical region. These individuals with cervical musculoskeletal dysfunction present a greater tendency toward fear and catastrophic thoughts and a greater risk of migraine chronification, developing behaviors such as hypervigilance in order to avoid further injury presenting the fear of movement which can be characterized as kinesiophobia. Kinesiophobia is defined as an "irrational and devastating fear of movement, arising from a belief in the fragility of injury or a fear of re-injury." In addition, kinesiophobia can also be characterized as a fear of symptoms of fatigue or exhaustion, physical or mental discomfort. Individuals with cervical musculoskeletal dysfunctions are more prone to fear and catastrophic thoughts, and have a higher risk of migraine chronification, as well as an overreaction to actual or potential threats, developing behaviors such as hypervigilance in order to avoid further injury. The Kinesiophobia is a prevalent condition in individuals with migraine and the association between the presence of migraine and kinesiophobia has recently been investigated. However, it is not yet known whether there is a correlation between muscle strength and cervical endurance with kinesiophobia.
ObjectiveTo evaluate the correlation between muscle strength and neck muscle endurance with kinesiophobia in patients with migraine.
Methods
Were included 70 women aged between 18 and 55 years, with a mean age of 31 years (SD=9.35; CI=2.19), and a mean body mass index of 23.5 (SD=3.63; CI= 0.85), diagnosed according to the 3rd edition of the ICHD-3. Regarding the clinical characteristics of these patients, they presented headache onset at 14.5 years (SD=9.57; CI=2.24), a frequency of 12 days in the month (SD=9.74; CI=2.28), the intensity of 8/10 on the Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) (SD=1.60; CI=0.37). (To see the complete abstract, please, check out the PDF).
Clinical characteristics of children and adolescents with primary and secondary headaches attended at the tertiary service in Brazil
Authors: Silva Nathiely Viana da , Santos Michelle Aparecida Anjos , Pradela Juliana , Dach Fabiola , Bevilaqua-Grossi Débora
Published: November 2022

IntroductionChildhood headache is one of the most common neurological symptoms that affects about 60% of children (CR) and adolescents (AD) and its prevalence increases with age. Primary and secondary childhood headache have different characteristics and prevalence, but also have similarities, such as the diagnostic and treatment method. However, the data available in the literature do not take into account the level of complexity at healthy service where these children and adolescents are treated.
ObjectivesTo analyze the clinical characteristics of children (CH) and adolescents (AD) with primary and secondary headaches of tertiary-level headache outpatient clinic.
MethodsRetrospective study, based on review of medical records of CH and AD with primary or secondary headaches between the years 2016 and 2021. Sociodemographic data, medical history, clinical history, and daily routine of the child were obtained. The proportion of primary and secondary headaches in the CH and AD groups was also calculated. For continuous variables and categorical data, the chi-square test was used, considering p<0.05.
ResultsA total of 386 medical records were included, of which 206 were CH (n=112; 54.8% girls) and 178 AD (n=118; 66.8% girls). Headaches were episodic in CH (57.3%) and chronic in AD (49.7%), [X2(2)=10.001; p=0.007], of mild intensity in CH (64.1%), strong in AD (48.5%), [X2(3)=25.802; p=0.000]. In CH, the mostprevalent type of headache was in pressure (64.3%) and pulsatile in AD (52.8%), [X2(5)=14.595; p=0.012]. (To see the complete abstract, please, check out the PDF).
O republicanismo democrático agonístico de Chantal Mouffe
Authors: Armendane Geraldo das Dôres de
Published: November 2022

Este artigo discute o modelo republicano cívico de democracia agonística de Chantal Mouffe. Mostraremos que falta à concepção republicana de democracia mouffeana bases normativas para a participação ativa da cidadania democrática na comunidade política. O texto divide-se em três partes: a primeira reconstrói o republicanismo cívico de Mouffe; a segunda apresenta a democracia radical agonística mouffeana; e, por fim, ele demonstra os limites desse modelo republicano de democracia agonística.
Sobre o paradigma do reconhecimento e a paz global
Authors: Feldhaus Charles
Published: November 2022

Este estudo pretende reconstruir os principais momentos da expansão do modelo do reconhecimento de Axel Honneth à esfera internacional a fim de evidenciar quais seriam as principais contribuições do modelo a esse campo da filosofia do direito já bastante explorado por outros expoentes da teoria crítica da sociedade e da filosofia política contemporânea, mas ainda muito pouco explorado por Axel Honneth. O modelo do reconhecimento na esfera nacional aponta para o reducionismo do modelo realista político e o mesmo pode ser dito da expansão do modelo à esfera internacional. Com isso, partindo de Hegel, mas ao menos para além de Hegel, Honneth entende que a dimensão moral da luta por reconhecimento é componente necessário para uma interpretação mais adequada das relações internacionais e dos conflitos internacionais. Por conseguinte, a concepção de direito internacional baseada no paradigma do reconhecimento mostra que deixar de considerar esse componente do comportamento dos entes supranacionais é correr o risco de realizar uma descrição inadequada das razões dos conflitos e das motivações dos entes supranacionais, o que pode levar a respostas e a concepções normativas também inadequadas. Entretanto, uma vez que Honneth parte de princípios consolidados nas instituições na esfera doméstica e está preocupado com a conciliação entre a perspectiva realista e utópica na esfera internacional como Rawls, ele poderia ter adotado os princípios consolidados na esfera internacional como padrões de reconhecimento no lugar das esferas domésticas do reconhecimento.
Kant no país da desconstrução
Authors: Rezende Gabriel
Published: November 2022

Por vezes, na doxografia da recepção contemporânea de À paz perpétua, ignora-se que este texto foi, e ainda é, de extrema relevância para uma tradição de leitura que, por falta de outro nome, chamaremos de “desconstrutiva”. Este artigo tenta entender a força atrativa exercida por Kant sobre a desconstrução investigando os estudos que Jacques Derrida dedicou ao cosmopolitismo. A hipótese-guia é a de que o traço distintivo das leituras desconstrutivas de Kant reside numa inesperada centralidade da hospitalidade. Este centro excêntrico albergaria um conjunto de aporias que servirão como alavanca para a desconstrução de todo um arranjo sistemático de conceitos políticos. Neste sentido, a hospitalidade se torna central para as leituras desconstrutivas porque oferece, ao desobedecer às linhas demarcatórias entre o campo teórico e o campo prático, uma abertura para interrogar o significado do “receber” em geral e da passividade em filosofia.
Hegel com e contra Kant no direito internacional
Authors: Cunha Bruno
Published: November 2022

A filosofia do direito internacional de Hegel tem recebido certa atenção nos últimos anos. As pesquisas mais recentes têm buscado apresentar uma visão diferente daquela, apresentada no século XIX e primeira metade do século XX, que retratava Hegel como um entusiasta do estado de guerra. Com efeito, também se passou a reavaliar a relação de Hegel com Kant no que diz respeito às questões do direito internacional, sobretudo, a possibilidade da paz. Meu objetivo nesse artigo é, primeiramente, apresentar os aspectos gerais da filosofia do direito internacional de Hegel, enfatizando seu diálogo com Kant. Tento mostrar como Hegel está, em sua discussão, em referência a importantes aspectos do texto kantiano sobre a paz perpétua. Em segunda instância, partindo desse diálogo, argumento que, embora Hegel seja certamente muito mais um crítico do projeto kantiano do que um simpatizante, as implicações últimas de seu pensamento mostram-se, em alguma medida, alinhadas com as da filosofia de Kant.
O direito de hospitalidade cosmopolita. Uma reflexão de proximidade e distanciamento entre Kant e Papa Francisco
Authors: Nodari Paulo
Published: November 2022

Este artigo objetiva apresentar pontos de aproximação e distanciamento acerca do conceito de hospitalidade entre Kant e o Papa Francisco, à luz, respectivamente, dos textos, Zum ewigen Frieden e Fratelli Tutti. A reflexão articula-se em três momentos: (1) analisar o direito de hospitalidade cosmopolita, em Kant, enquanto direito de visita e não apenas como preceito moral ou filantrópico; (2) compreender a hospitalidade, segundo o Papa Francisco, enquanto atitude de escuta, de acolhida e de proximidade do outro que chega, apresenta-se e espera não ser maltratado e ser acolhido; (3) tecer três breves considerações acerca das possíveis tensões palpitantes a partir e entre Kant e o Papa Francisco: (a) a complexidade do conceito hospitalidade; (b) a relevância da dignidade inviolável do ser humano; (c) do direito de hospitalidade cosmopolita à abertura de horizontes sem fronteiras, visando à construção de uma sociedade cosmopolita.
O conflito entre a moral e a política e a fraqueza da vontade em Kant
Authors: Pavão Aguinaldo
Published: November 2022

Kant defende que os passos dados pela política devem antes render homenagem à moral. Em À paz perpétua, ele sustenta que uma possível alegação amparada nas fraquezas da natureza humana não pode ser aceita para negligenciar o caráter sagrado do direito dos homens. A partir dessa visão, o artigo examina, com base na primeira parte de A religião nos limites da simples razão, o tratamento dado pela filosofia moral de Kant ao que geralmente se compreende por fraqueza da vontade. Em geral, a ideia de uma fraqueza da vontade se apresenta assim: eu possuo a crença ou o julgamento de que a ação correta a ser feita é x, porém, em vez de x, faço y. Essa ideia também pode ser apresentada nos termos da famosa declaração bíblica: “Não faço o bem que quero, mas o mal que não quero”. A expressão fraqueza da vontade comumente designa um conceito cuja discussão remonta a Sócrates, Platão e Aristóteles. A discussão girava em torno do sentido de akrasia, comumente traduzida por incontinência, fraqueza moral ou falta de autocontrole. Defenderei a tese de que a fraqueza da vontade entendida como um abrandamento da tese da incorporação não recebe acolhimento na filosofia prática de Kant, devendo ser entendida, antes, como um vício moral. Desse modo, minha conclusão será de que a defesa em À paz perpétua de que não há como se sustentar, objetivamente, qualquer conflito entre a moral e a política, devendo esta sempre subordinar-se àquela, alinha-se à tese de que a fragilidade da natureza humana deve ser entendida como um grau do mal.
O PCB e a criação das Uniões Femininas na cidade do Rio de Janeiro: as comunistas na luta pelo direito das mulheres trabalhadoras à cidade (1945-1948)
Authors: Soares Paula Elise Ferreira
Published: November 2022

O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar os resultados da pesquisa que evidenciou o empenho de militantes do PCB, sobretudo mulheres, em promover a criação de Uniões Femininas em diversos bairros da cidade do Rio de janeiro entre 1945-1948. Tratava-se de entidades compostas exclusivamente por mulheres, sediadas tanto em regiões periféricas como nas áreas centrais da cidade, que se destinavam a mobilizar donas de casa, empregadas domésticas e demais trabalhadoras em torno de suas reivindicações cotidianas. As Uniões Femininas denunciavam a carestia, organizaram distribuição de alimentos e outras mercadorias solicitadas pelas filiadas, procuraram construir cooperativas de consumo, pressionavam os órgãos públicos para conseguir a construção de escolas, hospitais e para melhorar o abastecimento dos bairros. Além disso, através das Uniões Femininas o PCB procurou envolver as massas femininas pobres nas campanhas eleitorais do período.
Customized Three-Dimensional Printed Splints for Neonates in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: Three Case Reports
Authors: Schutz Bridget M. , Sudbury Dallin , Scott Neil , Mayoh Baylee , Chan Belinda
Published: November 2022

Importance: Critically ill neonates can be vulnerable to positional deformities and joint contractures. Early splints, along with dynamic exercise, may lead to long-term functional improvement. Making splints to perfectly contour neonates’ small joints and bodies is challenging. An ill-fitted splint can lead to skin ulcers, nerve damage, poor compliance, and discomfort. Three-dimensional (3D) printing has been applied to create customized, cost-effective, and lightweight orthoses that may be promising for neonates.

Objective: To explore the feasibility of scanning, designing, and printing 3D splints for neonates.

Setting: A large neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) in a university teaching hospital.

Method: Case series of three neonates in a NICU who had deformities or joint contractures that would benefit from early static splints. We created customized splints for neonates using 3D scanning, digital design software, and 3D printing technology. We monitored the neonates’ comfort and clinical improvement.

Results: One neonate with a congenital neck deformity had a neck splint created from 3D body-scanned images. Another neonate with a hand deformity was measured and had 3D digitally designed hand splints made. The same hand splint design was modified to fit a third neonate’s hand with new measurements. All splints were 3D printed using specialized lightweight materials. The neonates tolerated the splints well.

Conclusions and Relevance: 3D printing technology is feasible for and applicable to NICU neonates. Advancing 3D technology should focus on upgrading scanning quality, improving splint design, and speeding up printing. Further research to evaluate the long-term benefits of early splinting is needed.

What This Article Adds: This is the first published article to discuss the feasibility of using 3D printing technology to create customized splints for fragile neonates. Neonates, especially critically ill ones with congenital defects, may benefit from early splinting to preserve function and development. Neonates are the most challenging patients to make a perfect-fit splint for, and 3D printing may offer a potential solution.
Relative age effect on student-athletes of Mato Grosso state (Brazil) participating in the National School Games depending on sex, age category, and sport type
Authors: Castro Henrique de Oliveira , Da Silva Willian José Bordin , Dos Santos Nascimento Carla Danielly , De Castro Ribeiro Lucas , Aguiar Samuel da Silva , Aburachid Layla Maria Campos , De Oliveira Vivian , Figueiredo Lucas Savassi
Published: November 2022

Purpose

The relative age effect (RAE) is a widely reported phenomenon in elite sports context. However, little is known about its occurrence in other levels of practice, such as school sports. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the presence of RAE on Mato Grosso state (Brazil) student-athletes participating in National School Games depending on sex, age category, and sport type.

Methods

Data from 440 student-athletes of Mato Grosso state (Brazil) who participated in 2 National School Games: 2019 Youth School Games (n = 250) and 2021 Brazilian School Games (n = 190) were organized depending on their quarters of birth. Chi-square tests were performed to compare their birthdates distribution in accordance with sex (male and female), age category (12–14 years old and 15–17 years old), and sport type (team and individual sports).

Results

Athletes born in the first months of the year were more frequent than athletes born in the last months of the year in the overall sample, in males, in the younger age category, and in team sports (p < 0.008). On the other hand, no differences were found for females, athletes from the older age category, or athletes practising individual sports (p > 0.05).

Conclusions

RAE is pervasive in the student-athletes of Mato Grosso state (Brazil), specifically for male athletes in early categories of team sports. Educating coaches regarding this effect and implementing specific counter-RAE interventions are warranted to minimize selection bias in this sports context.
The relationship between platelet distribution width and disease activity in patients with polymyositis
Authors: Sargin Gokhan , Demir Ceren , Cildag Songül , Senturk Taskin
Published: November 2022

Introduction

Muscle enzymes are an indicator of ongoing muscle damage and disease activity in patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathy. Although platelet-related parameters have been shown to be useful as markers of disease activity in autoimmune diseases, the relationship between platelet distribution width (PDW) and disease activity has not been previously studied in polymyositis. We aimed to determine the relationship between PDW and disease activity in patients with polymyositis.

Material and methods

Twenty-seven patients with polymyositis and thirty healthy controls were included in the study. Disease activity was evaluated using the myositis disease activity assessment Visual Analogue Scale (MYOACT) and the Myositis Intention to Treat Index (MITAX). The relationship between PDW and disease activity was evaluated using Pearson’s or Spearman’s correlation and reliability was assessed using correlation coefficients.

Results

The mean platelet volume (MPV) and plateletcrit (PCT) were significantly higher and PDW was significantly lower in patients with polymyositis compared to the control group. The mean PDW levels were lower in patients with constitutional symptoms and arthralgia/arthritis (p < 0.005). Although PDW levels were lower in patients with mechanical hand, lung involvement, or dysphagia compared to patients without, there was no statistically significant difference between them. Platelet distribution width was found to be negatively correlated with disease activity.

Conclusions

We found that PDW was negatively correlated with MYOACT and MITAX, widely used tools in assessing the disease activity of polymyositis. Based on this, PDW may be utilized as a non-invasive potential index to assess disease activity in patients with polymyositis.
Oral isotretinoin and sacroiliitis: causal link or coincidence? Discussion points emerging from a case-based review
Authors: Sargin Betül , Manzo Ciro
Published: November 2022

Isotretinoin is a retinoid derivative drug used in acne vulgaris treatment. Sacroiliitis has been reported as an uncommon adverse effect following isotretinoin treatment. We report a 30-year-old male patient who developed sacroiliitis after isotretinoin use. Stopping treatment with isotretinoin resulted in a complete disappearance of inflammatory back pain. A literature search was performed to assess the relevance of this association in everyday clinical practice, and to discuss whether the link between isotretinoin and sacroiliitis is causal or coincidental.
The Effect Of Teaching English Vocabulary By Using Animation Video At SMP Swasta Baitul Aziz Bandar Klippa In 2021/2022 Academic Year
Authors: Salamuddin Selian Putri Ayu Lestari,
Published: November 2022

This study aims to determine whether there is a significant effect of using animated video media on students' vocabulary skills. This type of research is quantitative research and was conducted using two classes, the experimental class consisted of 28 students and the control class consisted of 30 students. In the data collection technique, the researcher used a pre-test, treatment, and post-test by giving a vocabulary ability test consisting of a pretest of 20 items and a post-test of 25 multiple choice items for each test. The results of this study indicate that there is a significant influence from the use of animated video media. This can be seen from the difference in the average scores of students from the pre-test and post-test in the experimental class which increased from 63 to 90. The average post-test score in the control class was 53 while the post-test score in the experimental class was 90 is higher than the average value of the control class. This means that animated video media can be applied to improve students' vocabulary skills.
Hubungan Antara Interaksi Sosial Dengan Kreativitas Belajar Siswa Kelas X SMA Negeri 1 Pantan Cuaca Tahun Ajaran 2021/2022
Authors: Ika Sandra Dewi Yoga Wijaya,
Published: November 2022

Interaksi sosial siswa merupakan cerminan kepribadian yang terbentuk dari kreativitas belajar siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan kreativitas belajar siswa terhadap interaksi sosial siswa di SMA Negeri 1 Pantan cuaca Tahun Ajaran 2021-2022. Metode dalam penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan pendekatan korelasi. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa di SMA Negeri 1 Pantan cuaca Tahun Ajaran 2021-2022 yang berjumlah 72 siswa, dan teknik pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah teknik purposive sampling dari 72 siswa yang menjadi 42 Siswa. Instrument pegumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah angket yang berstruktur dengan pihak sekolah. Angket telah diuji Validitas dan Reliabilitasnya, yaitu dengan hasil 36 butir angket yang valid pada angket kreativitas belajar siswa dan 35 butir angket yang valid pada angket sikap rendah hati. Teknik uji korelasi yang menggunakan rumus korelasi product moment,dari hasil perhitungan diperoleh koefisien korelasi antara Kreativitas belajar siswa (X) dengan interaksi sosial (Y) sebesar rhitung = 0,821 > rtabel = 0,308 . Sesuai dengan interpretasi indeks korelasi product moment maka angka tersebut menunjukkan adanya hubungan antara kedua variabel. Hasil dari pengujian ini menyatakan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara Kreativitas belajar siswa dengan interaksi sosial siswa di SMA Negeri 1 Pantan Cuaca Tahun Ajaran 2020-2021.
Ernährungsstrategie sorgt für Zoff
Authors: Bender Hanno
Published: November 2022

Für die Erarbeitung einer „Ernährungsstrategie“ setzt Minister Cem Özdemir auf eine breite Beteiligung von Wirtschaft und Zivilgesellschaft. Ziel ist die Förderung einer gesunden und klimafreundlichen Ernährung. Steuern und Empfehlungen für die Schul- und Gemeinschaftsverpflegung werden dazu als Maßnahmen diskutiert.
Media-Markt und Saturn werben gemeinsam
Authors: Rentz Ingo
Published: November 2022

Media-Markt und Saturn rücken im Marketing enger zusammen. Beide Elektronikhändler sollen im kommenden Jahr in der Werbung gleichberechtigt auftreten, teilt die Media-Saturn-Holding mit. Auch das Produktangebot soll zusammengeführt werden.
„Fluktuation unter den neu Eingestellten wächst“
Authors: Wittenhagen Julia
Published: November 2022

Die Personalsituation ist unberechenbarer, unsteter geworden, merken viele Unternehmen. Vor allem neue Mitarbeiter gehen schneller wieder, stellt Anja Göritz, Personalleiterin bei den Globus Fachmärkten fest. Sie erläutert ihre Gegenmaßnahmen.
Das große Schmelzen
Authors: Hillemeyer Judit
Published: November 2022

Mit der Energiekrise muss die Energiewende in der EU forciert werden. Bis 2050 will die Alpenrepublik auf Sonne, Wind und Wasserkraft setzen. Offen bleibt, ob die Gletscherschmelze im alpinen Raum noch aufzuhalten ist.
Natürliche Energieträger
Authors: Hillemeyer Judit
Published: November 2022

Berglandmilch nutzt Öko-Strom und investiert in Bio-Kraftwerke. Ziel ist es, die Abhängigkeit von fossilen Energieträger deutlich zu verringern.
Die rebellischen Käsemacher
Authors: Hillemeyer Judit
Published: November 2022

Regionale und saisonale Heumilchprodukte bieten die Käserebellen. Jährlich bringen sie eine Käseneuheit auf den Markt.
Vöslauer stellt auf Mehrweg um
Authors: Hillemeyer Judit
Published: November 2022

Der Mineralwasseranbieter Vöslauer ist Vorreiter für eine Renaissance der Mehrwegflasche in Österreich. Im Frühjahr wurde die erste PET-Anlage eingeweiht.
A Multimodal Hate Speech Classification Process Using Dual Feature Extraction Techniques
Authors: Onuoha Chibuike , Charles Ikerionwu , Nwokonkwo Obi
Published: November 2022

Racist and ethnic violence, fabricated persecution, and some form of intimidation are all risks associated with hate speech, which is a concern with natural language processing. Given the sensitivity of hate speech in our society, it is essential to classify speeches into hate and non-hate categories in real time to minimize its risks. The main objective of this work is to investigate selected supervised machine learning algorithm model for the classification of hate speech on social media. The term frequency-inverse document frequency (TF-IDF) and bag of words (BOW) models were used by the model to extract features. Porter’s stemming model and WordNet for lemmatization are used during the preprocessing step. The datasets were trained using logistic regression, naive Bayes, and random forest, and logistic regression was also utilized to create the classifier. For training purpose, 80% of the datasets was used to train the model and 20% was used for testing the model. Results obtained from the application of Logistic Regression algorithm revealed 98% accuracy and 98% F1-score. These scores indicate high accuracy in hate speech detection and classification.
Central Neuroaxial Block Anesthesia: A Safe Choice for Caesarean Section in Patients with Mitral Stenosis
Authors: Dewi Dewa Ayu Mas Shintya , Gunawan Ilonna , Juwita Nova , EM Tjahya Aryasa
Published: November 2022

Background: Mitral stenosis heart valve abnormalities in pregnant women is a complication of pregnancy that is quite common, accompanying rheumatic heart disease, endocarditis, and congenital abnormalities. In pregnancy, there have been changes in the cardiorespiratory system caused by increased cardiac output, which the presence of mitral valve stenosis can then exacerbate. Anesthesia management plays an essential role in the safety of the mother and baby during and after surgery. The choice of technique and anesthesia management depends on the abnormality’s severity. Case: We report the successful management of anesthesia with pure central neuraxial epidural block and combined spinal epidural (CSE) in two cases of a cesarean section of 3rd-trimester pregnant women with mitral stenosis and class II functional heart failure caused by rheumatic heart disease. Conclusion: Central neuraxial block epidural anesthesia and combined spinal epidural (CSE) anesthesia are safe anesthesia techniques for both mother and baby because they can maintain hemodynamic stability.
Eye Pupil Localisation and Labeling Using a Small Size Database and YOLOv4 Object Detection Algorithm
Authors: Baghdasaryan Varuzhan H.
Published: November 2022

Eye-related research has shown that eye gaze data are very important for applications that are essential to human daily life. Eye gaze data has been used in research and systems for eye movements, eye tracking and eye gaze tracking. Eye pupil localization, labelling and tracking are challenging problems in computer science. This article discusses and explores that problem․ The YOLOv4 (“You only look once”) object detection algorithm which is an evolution of the YOLOv3 model has been evaluated in a tiny database consisting of 103 eye images. The YOLOv4 algorithm was created by Alexey Bochkovskiy, Chien-Yao Wang and Hong-Yuan Mark Liao [3]. It is twice as fast as EfficientDet with comparable performance. The main purpose of this article is to test the YOLOv4 algorithm, to find out its effectiveness in process of localization and labelling of eye pupils and find out (determine) the effectiveness of the algorithm when training with a tiny database and with a relatively small number of iterations.
Vajikara (Aphrodisiac) Potential of herbal drugs described in Vaidyajivana – A Review
Authors: BINOD KUMAR SINGH  , Saroj Udai Raj
Published: November 2022

Ayurveda has bestowed positive and comprehensive healthcare to mankind since very early times. Several classical litterateurs were created since ancient times, these all are available as a source of knowledge of Ayurveda in the present scenario. Among that classical works of literature, Lolimbariija's 'Vaidyajivana' is a significant work from both a medical and literary aspect. Because of his fundamentalism, brevity, and precision in medical therapy as well as poetic merit, he has placed a higher value on uncomplicated treatments. Vajikarana is often mentioned with synonyms like Vrishya and sukrala and is defined as a procedure or drug which enhances the vigor and vitality of males. Sushruta has given the comprehensive definition by quoting 'Vajikaran tantra' as the science which deals with the treatment or management of Alpa (less), Dusta (diseased), Kshina (less potent), Vishuska (dry) Retas (semen), and also increase pleasure during sex. Vaidyajivana has documented easily accessible and very effective formulations for various ailments. In the 5th chapter of Vaidyajivana, various Vajikara herbs are mentioned for the treatment of male sexual disorders, which are easily available and very practical. Therefore, the need of the hour is critically reviewing these Vajikara herbal drugs which act on recent aphrodisiac and seminal parameters for validating and improving practice.