bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
STRATEGI KOMUNIKASI DALAM PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA INGGRIS (PENELITIAN ETNOGRAFI PADA SEKOLAH INTERNASIOANAL AIScho BSD City)
Authors: Rahman Arif
Published: August 2017

Abstract: This study aims to investigate the communication strategies in English language learning conducted by the learnes of international students of SMP AIScho BSD City. This research conducts a qualitative approach with an ethnography method. The data of 27 learnersâ€™ spoken speech were collected from observation by using audio recorder, field notes and unstructured interview. The data analisis were using performance analysis technique, a futher analysis based on actual speeches and linguistic behaviors.The analysis reveals that the learners employ communication strategies in English language learning consists of verbal communication strategy and nonverbal communication strategy. The finding futher shows that the learnes employ both communication strategies in terms of three reasons; keeping communication obsctacles, to govern language competence and strategic competence.Keywords: communication strategy, Language competence, English language learning strategy.

Abstak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji strategi komunikasi dalam pembelajaran bahasa Inggris oleh siswa pada SMP Internasional AIScho BSD City. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode ethnografi, adapun data dari 27 subjek penelitian dikumpulkan melalui pengamatan dengan menggunakan audio recorder, catatan lapangan dan wawancara tidak formal. Data penelitian kemudian dianalisis dengan menggunakan teknik analisis performansi yaitu, melakukan analisis berdasarkan tuturan yang terjadi secara alamiah dan kompetensi linguistik. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahawa siswa SMP menggunakan dua strategi komunikasi yaitu, strategi komunikasi verbal dan strategi komunikasi nonverbal. Hasil penelitian ini juga menunjukan bahawa siswa menggunakan strategi komunikasi dengan dua karakteristik yaitu: untuk dapat mempertahankan jalanya komunikasi, untuk menyatakan maksud tertentu dan untuk menguasai kompetensi bahasa dan menguasai bentuk-bentuk tertentu sebagai kompetensi strategis.Kata Kunci: strategi komunikasi, kompetensi bahasa, strategi belajar bahasa Inggris.
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF BUTON CULTURAL VALUES IN VALUE EDUCATION PLANNING IN BAUBAU REGION OF SOUTHEAST SULAWESI
Authors: Hindaryatiningsih Nanik
Published: August 2017

The study aimed at finding out the implementation of Buton cultural value into value education planning. This study employed qualitative approach by ethnographic method conducted at SMAN 2 Baubau, south east Sulawesi in 2012. For data collection, in-depth interview techniques, documentation review, and participant observation consisting descriptive, focused and selected observation were used. The observation focused on cultural events and interactive behavioral informants. The informants comprised of principal, teachers, staff, school committee, pupils, parents, community leaders and traditional leaders. For data analysis, spradley technique consisting of domain analysis, taxonomy, componential and theme analysis was used. The findings showed that 1) core values in “gau and pombala” culture in Buton community consisted of cooperative, democratic and ethic value; 2) Buton’s cultural values of“gau and pombala’ were practiced in educational value planning at school.

 

Keywords: democratic, cooperative, ethic, value implementation, educational planning
THE EFFECT OF EMPOWERMENT, EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT AND ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT TOWARDS PERFORMANCE OF GOVERNMENTAL-EMPLOYEES OF FINANCIAL-MANAGEMENT
Authors: Merry Liz Zeny , Syarief Faroman
Published: August 2017

The objectives of this research is to study the influence of empowerment, employee engagement, and organizational commitment on performance of the financial management staffs at Riau Islands Provincial Government. Quantitative approach used in this research with survey method. The samples of this research were 230 staffs selected randomly. The data were obtained by distributing questionnaire and analyzed by using path analysis. The results of research shows that: (1) empowerment, employee engagement and organizational commitment had a positive direct effect on employee performance; (2) empowerment and employee engagement had a positive direct effect on organizational commitment; (3) empowerment have a positive direct effect on employee engagement. The research findings recommend to improve employee performance by improving empowerment, employee engagement and organizational commitment of the financial management staff at Riau Island Provincial GovernmentKeywords: empowerment, employee engagement, organizational commitment, and performanceRealizing
PENGARUH KERJASAMA TIM DAN KEPERCAYAAN TERHADAP KOMITMEN GURU MTs DI JAKARTA SELATAN
Authors: Faizah Faizah
Published: August 2017

The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of teamwork and trust on commitment of state madrasyah tsanawiyah teacher in south jakarta. The research methodology was survey which were selected by simple random sampling technique. Analysis and interpretation of the data indicate that (1) teamwork has a positive direct effect in commitment, (2) trust has a positive direct effect in commitment, (3) teamwork has a positive direct effect in trust.
PENGARUH KEADILAN ORGANISASI DAN STRES TERHADAP ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOR (OCB) GURU SEKOLAH DASAR NEGERI DI KECAMATAN DUKUHWARU TEGAL, JAWA TENGAH
Authors: Halipah Halipah
Published: August 2017

The objective research is to obtain information concerning to the effect of organizational justice and stress toward teachers organizational citizenship behavior. The research was conducted by using survey method with path analysis in testing hypothesis. In this research, 92 from 120 teacher of teachers selected random sampling. The research was focused on tree aspect; organizational justice and stress toward teachers organizational citizenship behavior. The data were colected with questionnaire and analyzed with path analysis. Result on the analyisis it is conculaded that (1) there  the positive direct effect of organizational justice towards organizational citizenship behavior, (2) there is  negative direct effect of stress towards organizational citizenship behavior and (3) ) there is negative direct effect of  organizational justice towards stress.
Pengaruh Metode Pembelajaran dan Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif Terhadap Hasil Belajar Sejarah Siswa di SMA Negeri 5 Depok Kelas 11 IPS
Authors: Santosa Yusuf Budi
Published: August 2017

This research has a purpose to determine the extent of the influence fromproblem solvingmethod and the ability to learn think creatively for the outcomes of studyinghistory for students inpublic high school 5 Depok class of 11 IPS. This research is a quantitative research by usingexperimental methods, treatment by level 2x2 design. The instrument used tolearn history is amultiple choice test and for the test for ability to think creatively is questionnaire. 1) The results of themethods showed that the learning outcomes from students who take the history learning withinstructional solving methods (problem solving) higher than students who follow conventionalteaching methods; 2) there are significant interactions between instructional solving method (problemsolving) and the creative thinking ability for students learning outcomes of history; 3) the results ofstudying the history of students who take the learning solving method (problem solving) with creativethinking ability, higher than the historical learning outcomes of students who take conventionalteaching methods with high creative thinking abilities; 4) the results of learning the history ofstudents who take the method of problem solving (problem solving) with creative thinking ability islow, lower than the historical learning outcomes of students who take the instructional conventionalmethods and low creative thinking ability.
PENERAPAN PROGRAM REMEDIAL DALAM PEMBELAJARAN BIOLOGI DI SEKOLAH MENENGAH ATAS
Authors: Mutmainah Mutmainah , Irnidayanti Yulia , Puspitaningrum Rini
Published: August 2017

Abstract: Remedial learning can improve learning achievement of learners so as to achieve a minimum completeness criteria specified. Remedial learning is learning to be a good therapeutic or cured, from the difficulty to master certain competencies expected in learning. Remedial education in Indonesia is regulated by the Ministry of Education. This study was conducted to determine the feasibility remedial procedure, performed senior high school biology teacher in Bekasi, based Juknis made by the Education Ministry, 2010. The method used is descriptive method, with survey techniques. The result showed that, the implementation of remedial highly dependent on the condition of each school. School conditions were observed in this study can be grouped into three grade, namely grade A, B and C. The procedure implementation of remedial in senior high school Bekasi, not in accordance with the National Education Ministry, but only one school. The few things that have not been appropriate including instructional time, remedial test questions do not test any indicator incomplete, remedial tests given before students follow a remedial learning, relearning not use different methods and media.           

 

Abstrak: Pembelajaran remedial dapat meningkatkan prestasi belajar peserta didik sehingga mencapai kriteria ketuntasan minimal yang ditentukan. Pembelajaran remedial adalah belajar untuk menjadi baik terapeutik atau sembuh, dari kesulitan untuk menguasai kompetensi tertentu diharapkan dalam pembelajaran. Perbaikan pendidikan di Indonesia diatur oleh Departemen Pendidikan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui kelayakan prosedur perbaikan, dilakukan guru biologi SMA di Bekasi, Juknis berdasarkan dibuat oleh Departemen Pendidikan, 2010. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif, dengan teknik survei. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, pelaksanaan perbaikan sangat tergantung pada kondisi masing-masing sekolah. Kondisi sekolah yang diamati dalam penelitian ini dapat dikelompokkan menjadi tiga kelas, yaitu kelas A, B dan C. Pelaksanaan Prosedur perbaikan di SMA Bekasi, tidak sesuai dengan Departemen Pendidikan Nasional, tetapi hanya satu sekolah. Beberapa hal yang belum sesuai termasuk waktu pembelajaran, pertanyaan tes remedial tidak menguji setiap indikator yang tidak lengkap, tes remedial diberikan sebelum siswa mengikuti pembelajaran remedial, belajar kembali tidak menggunakan metode dan media yang berbeda.
PENGARUH JENIS KELAMIN DAN PENGETAHUAN LINGKUNGAN TERHADAP PENILAIAN BUDAYA LINGKUNGAN
Authors: Sarkawi Dahlia
Published: August 2017

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh jenis kelamin dan pengetahuan lingkungan mahasiswa terhadap penilaian budaya lingkungan. Suatu penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode  Ex Post Facto di Akademi Manajemen Informatika Komputer Bina Sarana Informatika (AMIK BSI), Jakarta tahun 2012.

                Metode pengumpulan data dilaksanakan melalui angket untuk jenis kelamin dan penilaian budaya lingkungan serta tes untuk pengetahuan lingkungan. Analisis dan interpretasi data menyimpulkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan pada skor penilaian budaya lingkungan pada mahasiswa laki-laki dengan mahasiswa perempuan. Kedua,  pada kelompok mahasiswa dengan pengetahuan lingkungan tinggi, tidak terdapat perbedaan  antara  mahasiswa  laki-laki  dengan perempuan terhadap penilaian budaya lingkungan.  Ketiga,  pada  kelompok mahasiswa yang memiliki pengetahuan lingkungan rendah, terdapat perbedaan antara mahasiswa laki-laki dengan perempuan dalam menilai budaya lingkungannya.  Keempat, tidak terdapat interaksi antara jenis kelamin laki-laki dengan perempuan dan pengetahuan lingkungan terhadap penilaian budaya lingkungan mahasiswa.

                Penelitian ini merekomendasikan arti penting pengetahuan  lingkungan untuk mewujudkan penilaian budaya lingkungan mahasiswa. Oleh karena itu perlu upaya terprogram dan berkelanjutan agar pendidikan lingkungan diberikan di kalangan mahasiswa.
DEVELOPMENT OF TEACHING MATERIALS ESD (EDUCATION FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT) IN COACHING SKILLS OF SELF CHILDREN WITH INTELLECTUAL CHALLENGES IN SMA LB C IN JAKARTA
Authors: Nadiroh Nadiroh , Kasirah Irah
Published: August 2017

The purpose of this research is to develop teaching materials ESD (Education for Sustainable Development) in subjects Self Development skills in a special program of vocational skills such as making skills of the rest of the patchwork mat and look for alternative learning model development Self Development skills required of teachers in accordance with the child's ability mentally retarded that still form an outline of the learning program.The research was conducted in SLB C East Jakarta. The subjects of research that high school teachers and students  mentally retarded LB C. Outcome or product part of this research is the study of ESD (Education for Sustainable Development) in subjects Self Development skills in a special program of vocational skills makedoormats from the rest of the patchwork.The results of this study are expected to contribute to the implementation of innovative teaching model for teachers SLB C through the development of teaching materials ESD (Education for Sustainable Development) in practice the skillsself help Mentally Retarded Children in order to achieve self-reliance to improve the quality of life of chldren with  intellectual challenges.
WORKSHOP PENYUSUNAN PROGRAM PEMBELAJARAN YANG DIINDIVIDUALKAN BAGI GURU DALAM PELAYANAN PEMBELAJARAN BAGI ANAK BERKEBUTUHAN KHUSUS DI TK SAWITRI, KOMPLEK UNJ DUREN SAWIT
Authors: Suprihatin Suprihatin
Published: August 2017

Kegiatan  Pengabdian  pada  Masyarakat  ini  bertujuan  untuk  membekali  guru  dengan  pengetahuan tentang bagaimana menyusun program pembelajaran  yang diindividualkan bagi peserta didik berkebutuhan  khusus agar para guru bisa membelajarkan  murid mereka sesuai dengan kemampuan yang dimiki oleh murid sehingga murid bisa belajar dengan mudah. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan di TK Sawitri, Komplek UNJ, Duren Sawit yang diikuti oleh 5 orang guru dengan menggunakan metode workshop  dimana  para  guru lebih  banyak  aktif  melakukan  kegiatan.  Hasil  kegiatan  menunjukkan bahwa para guru sudah mampu menyesuaikan pola pembelajaran yang dilaksanakan dikelasnya yang terdiri  dari  peserta  didik  berkbutuhan  khusus  dan  non  berkebutuhan  khusus.Pembelajaran  berbeda bagi  peserta  didik  berkebutuhan   khusus  dalam  hal  pendekatan,  metode  dan  teknik  yang  lebih disesuaikan dengan sifat alami dari kelainan yang dimiliki oleh peserta didik.
PEMBERDAYAAN IBU-IBU DI BABAKAN MADANNG SENTUL DENGAN PELATIHAN MEMBUAT PRODUK JUMPUTAN
Authors: Lubis Harsuyanti , Agusti Revrina Sukma , Suliyanthini Dewi
Published: August 2017

Pengabdian Pada Masyarakat (P2M) adalah salah satu dari Tridharma Perguruan Tinggi yang wajib dilaksanakan oleh setiap dosen. Pelaksanaan pengabdian yang berupa pelatihan pembuatan produk jumputan dikarenakan adanya kesenjangan antara penduduk perumahan dan para ibu-ibu yang bertempat tinggal di perkampungan Desa Cipambuan Babakan Madang Sentul yang mana pada umumnya para penduduk hanya bertani singkong dan buruh pengupas singkong.

 Pelatihan pembuatan produk jumputan pada kain kerudung dan baju kaos, memberikan motivasi  dan  kreativitas  pada  para ibu-ibu  di Babakan  Madang  Sentul,  panen  singkong  dan buruh  singkong  tidak  setiap  hari  dilakukan,  sehingga  dalam  waktu  luangnya  mereka  dapat mengisi  kegiatan  kosong  dengan membuat  produk yang bermanfaat  dan memberikan keteranpilan baru bagi para ibu-ibu, yang juga diharaapkan  membuka peluang usaha dibidang lain..

 Hasil yang diperoleh berupa produk jumputan berupa baju kaos bermotif  pelangi dan kain  jilbab  bermotif  pelangi  dengan  corak  warna  yang beragam,  memberikan  semangat  dan motivasi para ibu-ibu lebih giat lagi berkreatifitas
Research Impact Metrics: A Faculty Perspective
Authors: Thuna Mindy , King Pam
Published: August 2017

With an increasing focus on scholarly communications in academic libraries, librarians are struggling with how best to support faculty with the location, interpretation, and appropriate use of metrics. Very little has been written about the faculty researcher perspective on metrics and, as a result, librarians may have a deep knowledge of the tools but have a more limited understanding of the users’ viewpoint. Seventy-nine senior research faculty who were five or more years post-tenure were interviewed. Faculty from the Humanities, Social Sciences and Sciences were all invited to participate. Each interview consisted of nine questions relating to how the faculty understand and use impact metrics in their academic life. Responses were varied to all of the questions and were tied closely to the disciplinary fields of the research faculty interviewed. A large majority of the interviewed faculty viewed the library as a key resource for getting more information relating to metrics. This research reveals a need to fill a gap between librarians and faculty researchers with examples of disciplinary best practices of metrics use, as well as product information as pertains to impact metrics.
Les bibliothèques universitaires mettent de plus en plus l’accent sur la communication savante. Ce faisant, les bibliothécaires se demandent comment mieux appuyer le corps professoral en ce qui a trait au repérage, à l’interprétation et à l’utilisation appropriée d’indicateurs bibliométriques. Très peu de recherche portant sur la perspective des chercheurs sur ces mesures existe. En conséquence, les bibliothécaires peuvent avoir une connaissance profonde des outils mais une compréhension plus limitée du point de vue des usagers. Soixante-dix-neuf professeurs ayant obtenu leur permanence depuis au moins cinq ans ont été interviewés. Des chercheurs provenant des facultés des sciences humaines, des sciences sociales et des sciences ont été invités à participer. Chaque entrevue comprenait neuf questions portant sur la compréhension et l’utilisation des mesures d’impact dans leur vie universitaire. Les réponses à toutes les questions étaient variées et en lien avec le champ disciplinaire des chercheurs interviewés. Une majorité importante des interviewés percevait la bibliothèque comme une ressource significative pour obtenir plus de renseignements au sujet des indicateurs. Cette étude révèle un besoin de combler un vide entre les bibliothécaires et les chercheurs avec des exemples des meilleures pratiques pour l’utilisation des indicateurs au sein des disciplines ainsi qu’avec des informations sur les produits utilisés pour obtenir des mesures d’impact.
Coding and Professional Development-Part 1: A Study in Contradictions
Authors: Popowich Sam
Published: August 2017

This article is a critical examination of discourses around the democratization of software development skills. It critiques the idea of a "pipeline problem" in software development, while offering a theoretical perspective on class and gender bias in the adoption of programming skills.

Cet article offre un examen critique du discours sur la démocratisation des compétences en développement de logiciels. Il critique la notion de « problème de pipeline » en développement de logiciels tout en offrant une perspective théorique sur les préjugés sexistes et de classe quant à l’adoption des compétences en programmation.
El café de Colombia Un modelo de diferenciación de producto, posicionamiento de marca y valor agregado
Authors: Kiuhan Miguel Samir , Matiz Francisco Javier , Pinzón Gabriel , Rodríguez Román , Rojas Alvaro
Published: August 2017

Nuevas alternativas de comercialización de Café de Colombia. Después de la crisis generada por la terminación del pacto cafetero mundial, Café de Colombia ha apelado a su institucionalidad, su tradición de calidad, su imagen y marca
Artesanía en Oaxaca, México: El conocimiento como recurso intangible en el desempeño de los negocios de artesanía
Authors: Regino Maldonado Juan , Domínguez Hernández María Luisa , Hernández Jóse de la paz
Published: August 2017

Se concluye que en los negocios estudiados los conocimientos explícitos influyeron en mayor medida que los tácitos en el desempeño. Sin embargo, cuando se analizan por tamaño, se encuentra que en los negocios más grandes, como los talleres independientes, tanto el conocimiento explícito como tácito influyeron en mayor medida en su desempeño que en los negocios de menor tamaño
Almacenes Éxito: Logística de clase mundial
Authors: Pérez Uribe Rafael
Published: August 2017

Describe las claves del éxito de su vasta red de distribución y su afinidad con la misión institucional: la prestación de servicio al cliente
Producción de la quinua. Análisis de los procesos de integración y las perspectivas del mercado para el desarrollo de agro-negocios
Authors: Castellanos Oscar Fernando , Montoya R Luz Alexandra , Alfonso Montoya R. Iván
Published: August 2017

Se proponen alternativas para el desarrollo agroindustrial en la producción de la quinua, cereal autóctono, con énfasis en la importancia de la explotación de productos procesados y en la obtención de metabólicos con alto valor agregado
Home Sentry: servicio al cliente en la práctica
Authors: Nieto Potes Mauricio
Published: August 2017

Presenta la experiencia exitosa de Home SEntry, empresa comercial de grandes superficies dedicada a la venta de productos de una amplia gama para el hogar, con base en su sistema de atención y servicio al cliente
Tratamento cirúrgico de cisto radicular em maxila: relato de caso
Authors: Mendonça Dannilo Wiklymber Roldao , Conceicao Helinaldo Correa , Martins Valber Barbosa , Lima Karoline Araújo
Published: August 2017

O cisto radicular é uma lesão de natureza inflamatória, que possui prevalência mais comum de todos os cistos odontogênicos que afetam o complexo maxilomandibular, correspondendo a uma frequência de 54% das radiotransparências periapicais, verificadas em radiografias convencionais. Clinicamente, a lesão é assintomática, geralmente localizada na porção anterior da maxila, associada à tumefação, mobilidade e, por vezes, deslocamento dentário. No presente estudo, é relatado um caso de uma paciente de 28 anos de idade que possuía um cisto periapical na região anterior da maxila, associado às raízes dos elementos dentais 11, 12 e 13 e que se apresentava em contato com estruturas anatômicas importantes dessa região, como o seio maxilar e a fossa nasal. O tratamento proposto então foi a enucleação e curetagem do mesmo em centro cirúrgico, sob anestesia geral. Concluiu-se que a enucleação, como terapêutica de primeira escolha, em conformidade com diversos autores, é uma boa alternativa para o tratamento destas lesões.Descritores: Cisto Radicular; Cistos Odontogênicos; Cirurgia Bucal.
Learning by Doing: Applying the Concept of Pollen Viability in a Horticulture Classroom
Authors: Perez Kauahi
Published: August 2017

Learning by doing plays a critical role in a learner’s conceptual understanding. By actively engaging with a concept, students gain experience and develop an enduring understanding of the concept. The concept of pollen viability is a critical component in the field of plant breeding and can be used to explain various aspects of pollen quality. An inquiry activity was designed to expose undergraduate students in a horticulture course to the concept of pollen viability and its application. The entire class was tasked with collaborating to identify an in vitro germination medium optimized to germinate plumeria (Plumeria rubra) pollen. To determine optimum sucrose and pH concentrations of the medium, student groups were assigned treatments of pollen from two plumeria cultivars that were germinated in Brewbaker and Kwack media of differing sucrose and pH concentrations. Students calculated the percentage of germinated pollen and assessed pollen tube integrity and used these variables as evidence of an optimized medium. Although undergraduates were engaged in authentic research practices during the inquiry activity, lack of time and resources impeded completion of the activity. However, students were exposed to methods and instrumentation directly related to evaluating pollen viability. Moreover, they were exposed to the basic practice of pollen quality assessment that they can use to carry out investigations on pollen fertility. In addition, insight was gained to improve the inquiry activity in the future. Now, well-informed modifications to the inquiry activity can be made to pilot this activity in a formal horticulture laboratory section.
Commercial Greenhouse Growers Can Produce High-quality Bedding Plants in Bioplastic-based Biocontainers
Authors: Flax Nicholas J. , Currey Christopher J. , Schrader James A. , Grewell David , Graves William R.
Published: August 2017

Our objectives were to quantify the growth and quality of herbaceous annuals grown in different types of bioplastic-based biocontainers in commercial greenhouses and quantify producer interest in using these types of biocontainers in their production systems. Seedlings of ‘Serena White’ angelonia (Angelonia angustifolia) and ‘Maverick Red’ zonal geranium (Pelargonium ×hortorum) that had been transplanted into nine different (4.5-inch diameter) container types [eight bioplastic-based biocontainers and a petroleum-based plastic (PP) (control)] were grown at six commercial greenhouses in the upper midwestern United States. Plants were grown alongside other bedding annuals in each commercial greenhouse, and producers employed their standard crop culture practices. Data were collected to characterize growth when most plants were flowering. Questionnaires to quantify producer perceptions and interest in using bioplastic-based biocontainers, interest in different container attributes, and satisfaction were administered at select times during the experiment. Container type interacted with greenhouse to affect angelonia growth index (GI) and shoot dry weight (SDW), as well as shoot, root, and container ratings. Container type or greenhouse affected geranium GI and shoot rating, and their interaction affected SDW, and root and container ratings. These results indicate that commercial producers can grow herbaceous annuals in a range of bioplastic-based biocontainers with few or no changes to their crop culture practices.
Creating Living Landscapes: Why We Need to Increase Plant/Insect Linkages in Designed Landscapes
Authors: Tallamy Douglas W.
Published: August 2017

Specialized relationships between animals and plants are the norm in nature rather than the exception and landscape designs that destroy them also degrade local ecosystem function. Plants that evolved in concert with local animals provide for their needs better than plants that evolved elsewhere. The most common and arguably most important specialized relationships are those that have developed between insect herbivores and their host plants. Here, I explain why this is so, why specialized food relationships determine the stability and complexity of the local food webs that support animal diversity, and why our yards and gardens are essential parts of the ecosystems that sustain us. I also discuss how we can use our residential and corporate landscapes to connect the isolated habitat fragments around us and produce valuable ecosystem services, and what we can do to make our landscapes living ecosystems once again.
Growth and Survival of Two Western Milkweed Species: Effects of Container Volume and Fertilizer Rate
Authors: Hanson Nikki , Ross-Davis Amy L. , Davis Anthony S.
Published: August 2017

Diminishing milkweed (Asclepias sp.) populations are contributing to the conspicuous decline of the iconic monarch butterfly (Danaus plexippus). This research sought to improve milkweed propagation success, a core component of summer habitat restoration projects. Specifically, this research assessed the effects of container volume and fertilizer application rate on growth and first year field survival of two species of milkweed common to western North America, namely showy milkweed (A. speciosa) and narrowleaf milkweed (A. fascicularis). Generally, larger roots and shoots developed when plants were given the high rate of fertilizer (6.5 g·L−1) and when reared in the largest containers (2600 mL). For narrowleaf milkweed, nearly all plants developed a firm plug (i.e., one in which the root system remained intact when removed from the container) after 22 weeks. Most narrowleaf milkweed plants flowered 15 weeks after sowing when grown in the largest container with either the low (2.7 g·L−1) or high fertilizer rate or the midsized container (444 mL) with a high rate of fertilizer. For showy milkweed, a firm plug developed for nearly all individuals by the end of the growing season only when given the high fertilizer rate. None of the showy milkweed plants developed an inflorescence by 15 weeks. Results of this research improve our understanding of milkweed propagation and will aid in the efforts to restore the monarch butterfly’s summer breeding habitat by providing propagation protocols across a range of stocktypes.
Yield, Fruit Quality Traits, and Leaf Nutrient Concentration of ‘Prolific’ Sapodilla Grafted onto Seedlings of 16 Sapodilla Rootstocks in Puerto Rico
Authors: Goenaga Ricardo , Irizarry Heber , Jenkins David , Boykin Debbie , Marrero Angel
Published: August 2017

Research on sapodilla (Manilkara zapota) has been very limited. A field study was conducted to determine the yield potential, fruit quality traits, leaf nutrient composition, and scion/rootstock compatibility of ‘Prolific’ sapodilla grafted onto 16 sapodilla rootstock seedlings. For this purpose, seedlings (maternal half-sibs) of cultivars Adelaide, Arcilago, Aruz, Blackwood, Blocksberg, Guilbe, Hanna, Jamaica-1, Larsen, Mendigo-1, Gallera, Morning Star, Russel, Prolific, Timothe, and Vasallo-1 were used as rootstock seedlings and evaluated during 7 years of production at Isabela, PR. Year showed a significant effect on the number of fruit per hectare, yield, individual fruit weight, fruit length and diameter, and total soluble solids. Rootstock seedlings had a significant effect on the number of fruit per hectare, yield, and individual fruit weight but had no effect on other fruit traits. The year × rootstock interaction was not significant for any of the variables measured in the study. Rootstock seedlings ‘Timothe’, ‘Vasallo-1’, ‘Larsen’, and ‘Aruz’ had the highest 7-year mean for number and the yield of fruit averaging 4479 fruit/ha and 1245 kg·ha−1, respectively. ‘Timothe’ and ‘Vasallo-1’ significantly out yielded the ‘Prolific’ rootstock seedling. The number of fruit per hectare and corresponding yield obtained in this study were very low probably as the result of wind exposure, the presence of the fungus Pestalotia causing floral necrosis, or both. Scion/rootstock incompatibility was not the cause of the low yield performance of grafted trees. The average individual weight of fruit was 282 g and ranged from 264 to 303 g. Averaged over rootstock seedlings, leaf tissue nutrient concentration did not vary greatly over time. Moreover, tissue nutrient concentration was similar before and after fertilization events.
‘Sunbelt’ as a Possible ‘Concord’ Juice Grape Partner in a Warming World
Authors: Keller Markus , Mills Lynn J.
Published: August 2017

The juice grape (Vitis labruscana) cultivar Sunbelt has been reported to ripen more uniformly than the cultivar Concord in warm climates; thus, ‘Sunbelt’ might be useful as either a blending partner with or replacement for ‘Concord’ as global climate change intensifies. We conducted a 4-year field trial to evaluate ‘Sunbelt’ alongside ‘Concord’ in arid southeastern Washington. ‘Concord’ yields were on the average 57% higher than ‘Sunbelt’ yields because ‘Concord’ vines produced more shoots of higher fruitfulness and consequently had more clusters. The 31% larger berries of ‘Sunbelt’ were insufficient to compensate for its lower cluster number. Conversion from hand pruning to minimal (machine) pruning had no consistent influence on yield in either cultivar. Juice soluble solids, titratable acidity (TA), red color intensity, and color hue were significantly higher in ‘Sunbelt’ than ‘Concord’, whereas pH and potassium were often similar. Both cultivars cold acclimated in autumn and deacclimated in spring, but hardiness varied during winter depending on prevailing temperatures. With some exceptions, the two cultivars had similar bud, phloem, and xylem hardiness. When differences were significant, ‘Sunbelt’ was 1 to 4 °C less hardy than ‘Concord’ and also tended to deacclimate more readily in spring. The results from this study indicate that ‘Sunbelt’ shows promise as a blending partner with or an alternative to ‘Concord’ for warm vineyard sites or growing seasons even in regions with cold winters.
Effects of Fertilizer Type and Rate on the Quality and Nutrient Concentrations of Three Species of Field-grown Shrubs in South Florida
Authors: Broschat Timothy K.
Published: August 2017

Three species of tropical shrubs, bush allamanda (Allamanda schottii), ixora (Ixora ‘Nora Grant’), and surinam cherry (Eugenia uniflora), were planted into a native sand soil and a calcareous fill soil in south Florida and were fertilized with a 24N–0P–9.2K (24–0–11) turf fertilizer or an 8N–0P–10K–6Mg plus micronutrients (8–0–12) palm fertilizer at rates of 10 or 20 g of nitrogen (N) per shrub four times per year. Two additional treatments using a 0–0–13.3K–6Mg plus micronutrients (0–0–16) palm fertilizer were applied at equivalent rates of potassium (K) (12.5 or 25 g/shrub of K) to that applied in the two 8–0–12 palm fertilizer treatments. Shrub size measurements, nutrient deficiency severity ratings, number of flowers, and shrub density ratings were determined at 6 months after planting (establishment period) and at 3 years after planting (maintenance phase). Data from these measured variables were subjected to principal component analysis to obtain a single measure of overall quality, namely, the scores for each plant on the first principal component. During the establishment period, ixora fertilized with the high rate of 8–0–12 had the highest quality on the sand soil, but there were no differences among treatments on the fill soil for this species or on either soil type for allamanda and surinam cherry. After 3 years of growth, ixora showed no differences in quality on either soil in response to the fertilizer treatments. On the sand soil, allamanda receiving the high rate of 24–0–11 or the low rate of 8–0–12 had significantly higher quality than unfertilized control plants, and the low rate of 8–0–12 produced the highest quality plants on the fill soil. Surinam cherry grown on sand soil had the highest qualities when fertilized with the high rates of either 24–0–11 or 8–0–12. In general, leaf nutrient concentrations were inversely correlated with overall shrub quality, with largest, highest quality plants having the lowest nutrient concentrations because of dilution effects. However, leaf manganese (Mn) concentrations were consistently within deficiency ranges for all species under most treatments, suggesting that Mn deficiency was stunting shrub growth on both soil types.
P-Convexity Property in Musielak-Orlicz Function Space of Bohner Type
Authors: Romadiastri Yulia
Published: August 2017

In this paper, we described about Musielak-Orlicz function spaces of Bochner type. It has been obtained that Musielak-Orlicz function space of Bochner type becomes a Banach space. It is described also about P-convexity of Musielak-Orlicz function space of Bochner type. It is proved that the Musielak-Orlicz function space of Bochner type is P-convex if and only if both spaces and X are P-convex.©2017 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved.
MODERN ART: INTEGRATING SOCIO-AFFECTIVE STRATEGY TO ENHANCE INDONESIAN AND THAI STUDENTS’ INTERACTION IN THE CLASSROOM
Authors: Wahyu Mustikasari Rr. Dewi
Published: August 2017

There were some obstacles which happened in my Writing 1classses due to the languages that were being used for communica-tion, and my Indonesian and Thai Students’ were not communica-tive to interact in the classroom. In this paper, I propose the inte-gratation of socio-affective strategy to boost my Indonesian andThai Students’ interaction that can be facilitated by using modertart. Modern art has several interesting points namely it may displaythe real-world activities, use communicative language, foster persua-sive communication, facilitate student to use their socio-affectivestrategy, and provide integrated skills.
HOW TO WRITE ENGLISH WELL (THE ANALYSIS OF WRITING TEST AND ITS ALTERNATIVE GUIDELINE)
Authors: Andi Hakim Mohammad
Published: August 2017

Writing seems to be the most diffi cult skill in acquiring Eng-
lish as a foreign language. In order tobe able to write correctly, the
students should have suffi cient knowledge for formulating an idea
towrite and of how to organize the language and the content of
their writing. On the other hand, writing assessment also became an
important aspect to evaluate a writing result. It is relevance to use
the good standard for doing assessment in students writing result.
Through break down the construction of the paragraphs will help
teachers or lecturers in investigating the content and variables in a
text.This research tries to investigate the writing test concepttaken
from STKIP Nusa Indonesia at the English Language Education
Program. Thepurpose is to evaluate the writing test concept and give
an alternative test guideline.The fi rst step is taking test document
for writing intermediate from STKIP Nusa Indonesia arranged by
the lecture. The second step is reading some kinds of test while
choosing the appropriate test for it. The third step is identifying the
writing test and its scoring guideline, concept and assessment. The
fourth step is analyzing the weaknesses and strengths from the test
concept. The fi fth step is reformulates the test guideline and make
some recommendations for better writing assessment. The results
of the paper show that test concept is not appropriate to imple-
ment, because of its weaknesses. The researcher reformulates the
test concept as the recommendation.
PECHA KUCHA : A WAY TO DEVELOP PRESENTATION SKILL
Authors: Widyaningrum Lulut
Published: August 2017

This study is aimed at applying the adaptive Pecha Kucha technique to find out its effectiveness on students’ explaining skill, one of the skills that should be mastered among ELT Department students. This study uses a Quasi-experimental with Randomized Control Group Pretest-Posttest. The two groups (experimental and control group) selected will be ob- served in which the experimental group is going to be taught how to use adaptive Pecha Kucha, while the control group will be asked to explore the traditional model of PPT presentation. The data are gained through ob- servation, questionnaire, and comprehension test. The results show that the adaptive Pecha Kucha technique can develop students’ explaining skill, performance and comprehension. With a good preparation and clear per- formance rule, the technique shows to be more effective than the com- mon Power Point presentation. The data analysis of students comprehen- sion shows that the t-statistics was 6.44, while the value of t-table with the significance level of 5% and the Df (Degree of Freedom) 18 was 1. 734. It could be said that the t-statistics is higher than t-table. It also proved that the hypothesis which say there is significant different of exploring adaptive Pecha Kucha technique than students’ Power Point presentation is accepted. It showed that adaptive Pecha Kucha is really effective to do the presentation. Though, the students need more time and preparation, this technique is badly employed due to its effectiveness and to support the pre-service teachers’ development.
THE USE OF LITERACY-INSTRUCTIONAL CATEGORY TO IMPROVE STUDENTS’ READING COMPREHENSION
Authors: Setiarini Setiarini
Published: August 2017

This investigation examined the use of Literacy-Instructional Category on students’ reading comprehension. Particularly, there are two objectives of the study. The first is to explore the students’ writing improvement when they engaged in the first cycle of reading activities by employing literacy instructional categories. The second is to explore the students’ reading comprehension by using instructional categories. Thirty students from English Department of IAIN Salatiga participated in the study and they were in the third semester. A classroom action research was employed to answer the research problems. Three cycles were done to complete this action research. Based on the score result gathered from the cycles, the students’ reading comprehension improved. The student’s scores were not more than sixty because they did not understand intensively rereading activities in cycle one. But students’ score increased in cy- cle two and cycle three. In cycle three, rereading activities followed transformed practice (critical framing) lead the better improvement in their reading comprehension.
EFL CLASS FOR IRREGULAR MIGRANTS IN EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM AT RUMAH DETENSI IMIGRASI SEMARANG
Authors: Islami M. Risya
Published: August 2017

This research describes an EFL class for irregular migrants in educational program at Rumah Detensi Imigrasi. Irregular migrants are foreigners staying in Indonesia without any legal document or im- migration permission. Rumah Detensi Imigrasi is a temporary shelter for irregular migrants during waiting periods for refugee status from UNHCR to come to a destination country like Australia, New Za- eland etc. EFL class is a class for irregular migrants at Rumah Detensi Imigrasi to learn English especially speaking and writing skills. The teaching learning process of  the EFL class uses Grammar trans- lation, Reading and communicative approaches. The materials de- livered are vocabularies, grammar, speaking and writing skills. The class is aimed at providing students with language skills since most of the destinations are English speaking countries.
FUNCTIONS OF CODE SWITCHING IN AN ENGLISH CLASS
Authors: Sukarni Semi
Published: August 2017

Code Switching (CS) is shifting from one language to another in a conversation. It is a normal every day practice among people in the world for various reasons and usually an unconscious activity. This language switching might not be the whole sentence, but also can occur in brief phrases or words. Therefore, in this study, using CS as a medium of instruction was focused on. The objective of this study is to describe the functions of CS done  both by teacher and  students.The data for this study were collected at State Junor High School 18 of Purworejo on 12th and 13th July, 2013. The researcher chose the eighth grade VIII G class of SMP Negeri 18 Purworejo. The data were taken twice (two meetings; 2x80 minutes). There are 40 students and one English teacher, Ms. Titik Kusumawati, S.Pd. The data of the study were collected in the form of recorded class- room interaction with videocamera and the observer’s ﬁeld notes. The two types of database were examined in order to identify what kinds of activity were involved in the teacher-student interaction. The analysis of the data was adobted from Sert (2005). The func- tions of student CS includes equivalence, ﬂoor holding, reiteration, and conﬂict control. While the functions of  teacher CS include- schecking understanding, asking clariﬁcation, clariﬁcation, transla- tion, and socializing adobted from Flyman-Mattson and Burenhult (1999).Code Switching (CS) is shifting from one language to another in a conversation. It is a normal every day practice among people in the world for various reasons and usually an unconscious activity. This language switching might not be the whole sentence, but also can occur in brief phrases or words. Therefore, in this study, using CS as a medium of instruction was focused on. The objective of this study is to describe the functions of CS done  both by teacher and  students.The data for this study were collected at State Junor High School 18 of Purworejo on 12th and 13th July, 2013. The researcher chose the eighth grade VIII G class of SMP Negeri 18 Purworejo. The data were taken twice (two meetings; 2x80 minutes). There are 40 students and one English teacher, Ms. Titik Kusumawati, S.Pd. The data of the study were collected in the form of recorded class- room interaction with videocamera and the observer’s ﬁeld notes. The two types of database were examined in order to identify what kinds of activity were involved in the teacher-student interaction. The analysis of the data was adobted from Sert (2005). The func- tions of student CS includes equivalence, ﬂoor holding, reiteration, and conﬂict control. While the functions of  teacher CS include- schecking understanding, asking clariﬁcation, clariﬁcation, transla- tion, and socializing adobted from Flyman-Mattson and Burenhult (1999).
Motivation in a Foreign Language Teaching and Learning
Authors: Thohir Lalu
Published: August 2017

In learning English as a foreign language, where learners are separated logistically and psychologically from the target culture, motivation plays a critical role and it is one of the main determining factor in a second/foreign language learning achievement. Motivation is defined as some kind of internal drive which pushes someone to do things in order to achieve something and to achieve success, someone needs to be motivated.Motivation is distinguished into different kinds, such as integrative and instrumental, intrinsic and extrinsic, global, situational and task. However, the most widely cited distinction of motivation is between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation.In the field of language learning, motivation is sometimes distinguished from orientation. As an ideal for self-determined behavior, the intrinsic motivation is considered to be more powerful than extrinsic motivationin the success of learning a language, however, most of learning activities which the language learners do are initiated and driven by extrinsic motivation.There are three areas – goalsand goal setting, learning environment, and interesting classes – in which the language teachers could directly influence the language learners’ motivation and their continuing participation in the classroom. Providing positive feedback and enhancing the autonomous learning are among important means to increase the learners’ motivation. In addition, emphasizing two forms of positive extrinsic motivation – identificationand integration, while minimizing two forms of negative extrinsic motivation – external regulation and introjection could boost the intrinsic motivation of the learners.
Full-scale performance of selected starch-based biodegradable polymers in sludge dewatering and recommendation for applications
Authors: Zhou Kuangxin , Stüber Johan , Schubert Rabea-Luisa , Kabbe Christian , Barjenbruch Matthias
Published: August 2017

Agricultural reuse of dewatered sludge is a valid route for sludge valorization for small and mid-size wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) due to the direct utilization of nutrients. A more stringent of German fertilizer ordinance requires the degradation of 20% of the synthetic additives like polymeric substance within two years, which came into force on 1 January 2017. This study assessed the use of starch-based polymers for full-scale dewatering of municipal sewage sludge. The laboratory-scale and pilot-scale trials paved the way for full-scale trials at three WWTPs in Germany. The general feasibility of applying starch-based ‘green’ polymers in full-scale centrifugation was demonstrated. Depending on the sludge type and the process used, the substitution potential was up to 70%. Substitution of 20–30% of the polyacrylamide (PAM)-based polymer was shown to achieve similar total solids (TS) of the dewatered sludge. Optimization of operational parameters as well as machinery set up in WWTPs is recommended in order to improve the shear stability force of sludge flocs and to achieve higher substitution potential. This study suggests that starch-based biodegradable polymers have great potential as alternatives to synthetic polymers in sludge dewatering.