bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of mutations in starch synthesis genes on morphological, compositional, molecular structure, and functional properties of potato starch
Authors: Jayarathna Shishanthi , Péter-Szabó Zsuzsanna , Nestor Gustav , Andersson Mariette , Vilaplana Francisco , Andersson Roger
Published: September 2024

Morphology, composition and molecular structure of starch directly affect the functional properties. This study investigated the morphological, compositional, and molecular structure properties of starch from starch branching enzyme gene (SBE) and granule-bound starch synthase gene (GBSS) mutated potato, and their associations with thermal, pasting, and film-making properties. SBE mutations were induced in native variety Desiree while GBSS mutations were herestacked to a selected SBE mutated parental line. Mutations in SBE resulted in smaller starch granules and higher amylose content, while GBSS mutations in the SBE background reduced amylose content. Mutations in SBE, particularly with GBSS mutations, significantly increased total phosphorus content. 31P NMR spectroscopy revealed higher proportions of C6-bound phosphate than of C3-bound phosphate in all studied lines. Amylopectin unit chain and internal chain distributions showed higher proportions of long chains in mutated lines compared with Desiree. These amylopectin long-chains were positively correlated with gelatinizationand, pasting temperatures, and temperature at peak viscosity. Short amylopectin chains showed positive correlations with breakdown viscosity, but negative correlations with the crystal melting temperature of retrograded starch. Total phosphorus content was positively correlated with the crystal melting temperature of retrograded starch. Starch from different lines was used to produce a series of potato starch films that differed in morphology and functional properties. A negative correlation was observed between Young’s modulus of films and the long amylopectin-chain fraction. Thermal gravimetric analysis revealed highest thermal stability of Desiree starch films, followed by films from SBE-mutated high-amylose lines. Oxygen transmission rate and oxygen permeability analyses showed that films made with starch from selected GBSS and SBEs mutated line maintained comparable oxygen barrier properties to Desiree film. These insights on the impact of genetic mutations on starch properties indicate potential applications of in-planta starch modification for specific end-uses including packaging.
“Everything was much more dynamic”: Temporality of health system responses to Covid-19 in Colombia
Authors: Turner Simon , Fernandez Dennys Paola
Published: September 2024

This paper examines the role of temporality in the negotiation of unplanned adaptive tasks that were part of the health system response to the Covid-19 pandemic in Colombia. While research has been carried out on the temporal aspects of emergency preparedness, we argue that there is an empirical gap concerning how health care organizations responded with temporal urgency to Covid-19. The dataset (118 interviews) from which a subset of interviews were analysed for this paper was collected during the first wave of the pandemic in Colombia in 2020. Interviewees included representatives of national and regional governments, public hospitals and private clinic managers, clinicians, including physicians and nurses, laboratory directors, and academics. Narratives of two tasks are presented: reconfiguring clinical laboratories to expand the testing capacity for Covid-19 and increasing intensive care unit capacity for patients hospitalized with Covid-19. Through thematic analysis of the navigation of these tasks, the concept of “temporal shifts”, which signifies how organizations use time as a resource (analogous experiences, future projections) to negotiate unplanned service changes, is developed. This study highlights how powerful stakeholders deploy past and future projections to influence others´ perceptions in the negotiation of temporal shifts: a type of change that differs from the incremental and planned types described in previous organizational literature on temporality. This shift was initiated by rapid task delegation via organizational hierarchy, but accomplished through pressured, improvised actions at the operational level. The policy and practice implications we suggest relate to addressing social and organizational effects, including consequences for stakeholder engagement and staff wellbeing, generated by organizational leaders making decisions under “time stress”.
Spatial variations and determinants of bottle feeding among children aged 0–23 months in Ethiopia in 2019: A spatial and multi-level analysis
Authors: Aragaw Fantu Mamo , Merid Mehari Woldemariam , Alem Adugnaw Zeleke , Chilot Dagmawi , Asratie Melaku Hunie , Kibret Anteneh Ayelign , Belay Daniel Gashaneh
Published: September 2024

Background

Bottle feeding should be avoided since it interferes with optimal breastfeeding and it causes diarrheal-related morbidity and mortality. Despite the WHO’s recommendation that children to avoid bottle feeding, it is still widely practiced in developing countries including our country, Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the spatial variations, and determinants of bottle feeding among children aged 0–23 months using the recent demographic and health survey data for Ethiopia.

Methods

A secondary data analysis was conducted using the 2019 Ethiopian mini demographic and health survey data. The total weighted sample of 2067 children aged 0–23 months was included in this study. Spatial analysis was done to identify the hotspot areas of bottle feeding among children in Ethiopia. Multivariable multilevel logistic regression was used to identify predictors of bottle feeding. The spatial analysis was done using ArcGIS 10.7 and Sat Scan 9.6 software.

Result

The prevalence of bottle feeding among children aged 0–23 months was 21.52% with 95% CI(19.80%, 23.34%). Age of the child from 6–11 months, and 12–23 months age, having secondary and above education [AOR = 2.09; 95%CI; 1.31, 3.32], being from middle and rich household [AOR = 2.14; 95%CI; 1.37, 3.34] and [AOR = 2.30; 95%CI; 1.46, 3.63], and twin birth [AOR = 8.06; 95%CI; 2.87, 22.58] were significant predictors of bottle feeding. Hotspot areas of bottle feeding were observed in Addis Ababa, Dire Dawa, Harari, and Afar regions of Ethiopia.

Conclusion

Bottle feeding practice was found to be spatially clustered in Ethiopia. Education, wealth index, parity, and child’s age were significant predictors of bottle feeding. Hotspot areas of bottle feeding were observed in Addis Ababa, Dire Dawa, Harari, and Afar regions. Special attention should be directed towards mothers residing in hotspot areas, educated mothers, mothers of multiple births, and mothers from rich households through community education programs focused on child feeding practices to reduce the practice of bottle-feeding in Ethiopia.
Are integrated care models associated with improved drug safety in Swiss primary care? an observational analysis using healthcare claims data
Authors: Farcher Renato , Graber Sereina M. , Boes Stefan , Huber Carola A.
Published: September 2024

Background

Integrated care models (ICMs) might be an effective strategy to improve patients’ quality of care. The aim of this study was to compare different ICMs such as family-doctor models, and a standard care model (SCM) regarding patients’ drug safety in Swiss primary care.

Methods

We performed an observational study using health insurance claims data from patients who were continuously enrolled in an ICM or in a SCM between 2020 and 2021. ICMs included family-doctor model (FDM), family-doctor model light (FDM-light) and the telemedicine model (TM). Drug safety was assessed by the prescription of potentially inappropriate proton pump-inhibitors (PIPPI), opioids (PIO), medications (PIM), and polypharmacy. Propensity-score-weighted multiple logistic regression models were used to examine the association between different types of ICMs and drug safety.

Results

Patients in FDM had significantly lower odds of receiving PIPPI (OR, 0.86; CI 95%, 0.83–0.89), PIO (OR, 0.81; CI 95%, 0.76–0.85), PIM (OR, 0.94; CI 95%, 0.91–0.97), and polypharmacy (OR, 0.94; CI 95%, 0.91–0.97) compared to patients in SCM. Potentially inappropriate prescribing was also lower in patients in TM and partly in FDM-light than in SCM. Persons enrolled in FDM were less likely to receive PIM (OR, 0.93; CI 95%, 0.89–0.97) and polypharmacy (OR, 0.94; CI 95%, 0.90–0.99) than those in FDM-light, whereas the odds of receiving PIPPI and polypharmacy were higher in FDM than in TM.

Conclusion

ICMs were significantly associated with higher drug safety compared to SCM for most outcomes. Findings suggest that patients may benefit most from ICMs with a high degree of coordination or gatekeeping. ICM may represent an effective approach to improve patients’ drug safety and, thus, to reduce the risk of adverse events.
Impact of traffic congestion on asthma-related hospital visits in major Texas cities
Authors: Yang Mei , Wang Tiankai
Published: September 2024

Asthma is one of the most prevalent chronic conditions in the United States and is particularly sensitive to environmental changes in urban areas. While it is known that traffic congestion contributes to increased vehicle emissions and poorer air quality, its direct association with asthma incidence has not been thoroughly explored. This study aimed to address this void by analyzing 148 city-level observations from 2016 to 2020 in Texas, using data from the Texas A&M Transportation Institute and Definitive Healthcare. We investigated the association between traffic congestion, measured by the travel time index, and annual city-level asthma hospital discharges, while adjusting for refinery productivity, minority groups, and education levels through multivariate regression. Our findings revealed a significant positive correlation between the travel time index and asthma visits, indicating that higher traffic congestion is associated with increased hospital visits for asthma. This finding remains consistent across different models, regardless of whether control variables are included. For the control variables, we found that higher refinery productivity was linked to elevated risks of asthma-related hospitalizations, aligning with previous research findings. Although correlations with Black or African American and Hispanic or Latino populations, as well as those with less than a high school education, were not statistically significant, a positive trend was observed. These results emphasize the impact of traffic congestion on asthma prevalence and the necessity for targeted public health interventions and urban planning strategies.
Acute Liver Failure Induced by Provitalize: A Menopause Supplement Concocted From Herbs & Probiotics
Authors: Patel Rahul , Hassan Ahmed , Scanlan Hayle , Everwine Matthew , Ren Zhiyong , Snyder Charles , ElGenaidi Hisham
Published: September 2024

Drug-induced liver injury is one of the most common causes of acute liver failure in the Western world. Despite discontinuation of the offending agent, it can still tax a grim prognosis. We describe a case of a menopausal woman taking a herbal supplement called “Provitalize” to relieve hot flashes and bloating. This is the first case report of liver injury from this supplement. She initially presented with mild jaundice and elevated transaminases. Unfortunately, she rapidly progressed to encephalopathy, experienced multiorgan failure, and then died.
Transforming Children's Character Education in Islamic Da'wah in the Era of Social Media
Authors: Nur'aena Lia
Published: September 2024

The development of technology and the emergence of social media have transformed communication methods, including the delivery of Islamic da'wah. Generation Z, growing up in the digital era, is more familiar with social media platforms as sources of information and interaction. This study examines how the transformation of children's character education can be achieved through Islamic da'wah on social media, focusing on the challenges and opportunities in the digital age. Using a qualitative approach, this research analyzes the role of social media in shaping Islamic character values such as honesty, responsibility, and tolerance. The findings reveal that Islamic da'wah on social media holds significant potential for strengthening character education, but it requires specific strategies that resonate with the lifestyle and habits of Generation Z. Therefore, da'i (preachers) and educators are expected to adapt to technological advancements and wisely utilize social media in conveying religious values and character education.
Book review: Volcanology. Processes, Deposits, Geology and Resources, by Ray Cas, Guido Giordano, John V. Wright, 2024. Springer Textbooks in Earth Sciences, Geography and Environment (STEGE); 1833 pages. Hardcover: price € 160.49, eBook: price € 117.69, ISBN: 978-3-319-66612-9
Authors: Scarpati Claudio
Published: September 2024

Book review: Volcanology. Processes, Deposits, Geology and Resources, by Ray Cas, Guido Giordano, John V. Wright, 2024. Springer Textbooks in Earth Sciences, Geography and Environment (STEGE); 1833 pages. Hardcover: price € 160.49, eBook: price € 117.69, ISBN: 978-3-319-66612-9
How housing problems affect students: analysis of in-depth interviews with Polish student occupation strike participants
Authors: Kurowska Zuzanna , Socha Jakub , Gabryszewska Kinga
Published: September 2024

Factors such as the commodification of housing and higher education or the decreasing welfare support offered to students make housing and, thus, higher education less affordable. Growing difficulties can result in social dissatisfaction, manifested through protests calling for more excellent institutional support. Employing a case study method, we use phenomenological style in-depth individual interviews to explore housing experiences and perspectives of students, a group strongly affected by the growing housing issues. Thirty interviews were conducted with participants of a student occupation strike in Poznań (Poland) “Jowita” student dormitory in December 2023. Findings revealed that students struggle with alienation, rental power imbalance, or unmet housing needs. To finance housing during education, they have to work to sacrifice their health or growth. Findings indicate growing housing problems, students’ experiences, and various costs associated with continuing their education. Although the study was affected by the sudden nature of the interviews and the specificity of respondents, it shows the importance of exploring the students’ perspective of housing experiences to understand their needs better when discussing institutional support. This research contributes to further understanding of the student housing market, presenting various costs students face when managing their accommodation.
Exploring the dynamics of inflation in India: a comprehensive empirical analysis (1981-2021)
Authors: Das Bishal , Baishya Utpal , Baruah Bitu
Published: September 2024

This study explores the dynamic relationships among key macroeconomic variables influencing inflation in India from 1981 to 2021. Utilizing a comprehensive empirical approach, the research employs the Autoregressive Distributive Lag (ARDL) model to analyse both short-term and long-term effects of variables such as money supply (M3), GDP growth rate, international oil prices, exchange rates, current account balance, and lending interest rates on inflation. The methodology includes stationarity tests to ensure the robustness of the time series data, followed by cointegration tests to confirm the long-run relationships among the variables. Additionally, the Quantile ARDL model examines these variables’ impact across different inflation distribution quantiles, providing a more nuanced understanding of their effects. The findings highlight significant positive and negative relationships between these variables and inflation, depending on their lag periods. Notably, the results reveal that money supply and international oil prices play critical roles in shaping inflationary trends, with both direct and lagged effects. The study also identifies that GDP growth generally negatively influences inflation, suggesting that higher economic growth may not necessarily lead to inflationary pressures in the Indian context. The mixed effects of exchange rates on inflation further underscore the complexity of managing inflation in a volatile global environment. This research provides valuable insights for policymakers, emphasizing the need for a balanced approach that includes flexible monetary policy, effective exchange rate management, and strategies to reduce dependency on imported goods to mitigate external shocks. These findings offer a comprehensive understanding of the determinants of inflation in India, contributing to formulating evidence-based policies for economic stability and growth.
The diachronic change of English relativizers: a case study in the State of the Union addresses across two centuries
Authors: Zhang Tingyu , Li Jinman , Lei Lei
Published: September 2024

Different types of relativizers are used to introduce relative clauses, and the change in the use of relativizers has attracted attention in recent decades. Despite progress in this area, the challenge of extracting relative clauses, especially those with zero relativizers, has limited our understanding of relativizer change. To this end, we investigated the evolving patterns of relativizers in the State of the Union addresses spanning two centuries, employing novel methodologies developed for this purpose. Different from findings of previous studies, our results showed an increase of that and a decrease of which in subject relative clauses, and an increase of zero relativizers in object relative clauses. The change could be attributed to changes in factors concerning text complexity and styles. The faster change rate around 1940s can be explained by factors such as prescriptivism and the transition in speech styles. Methodologically, our study has confirmed dependency parsing as a reliable method for automatic extraction of relative clauses.
Bioactivity of seed extracts from different genotypes of Jatropha curcas (Euphorbiaceae) against Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Authors: Valdez-Ramírez Armando , Ramos-Lopèz Miguel Ángel , Flores-Macías Antonio , Vargas-Cardoso Orthon Ricardo , Castañeda-Espinoza Joel Daniel , Figueroa-Brito Rodolfo
Published: September 2024

The armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is the main pest that attacks corn, and it has acquired resistance to chemical insecticides. In this study, the insecticidal and insectistatic activity of hexanic, acetonic, methanolic, and aqueous extracts of four genotypes of physic nut Jatropha curcas L. (Euphorbiaceae) seeds (Utim 1, Utim 2, Ahuehuetzingo, and Ceprobi) against S. frugiperda larvae was assessed. The acetonic extract at 5,000 ppm of the Utim 1 genotype, presented insectistatic activity by decreasing the weight gain of S. frugiperda larvae at 7 days by 66.7 % and at 14 days by 71.8 %, and prolonged larval development by 13 days, in addition to causing larval and pupal mortality of 72 and 84 %, respectively. The hexanic extract of Utim 2 showed insecticidal activity with a larval and pupal mortality of 80 % at 5,000 ppm. On the other hand, the acetonic extract of the Ahuehuetzingo genotype showed greater insecticidal activity at 5,000 ppm, with 100 % mortality of S. frugiperda larvae and pupae. The hexanic extract of the Ceprobi genotype presented insectistatic activity at 5,000 and 2,500 ppm, by reducing the weight gain of the larvae at 7 and 14 days by 47.6 and 74.3 % for 5,000 ppm and 28.5 and 53.0 % for 2,500 ppm. In addition, the acetonic and aqueous extracts at 5,000 ppm caused mortality of 76 and 80 % in S. frugiperda larvae and pupae, respectively. All concentrations of the Utim 2 and Ahuehuetzingo genotypes caused a phagostimulant effect on the feeding of insect pest larvae. J. curcas seed extracts can be explored as a useful alternative for the agroecological control of S. frugiperda.
Dialogical and monological functions of the discourse marker bueno in spoken and written Spanish
Authors: Posio Pekka , Rosemeyer Malte
Published: September 2024

The Spanish discourse marker bueno has multiple functions ranging from the expression of (dis)agreement to topic management. The present paper sets out to explore what happens when bueno starts to be used in written monological contexts. We examine the use of bueno in spoken sociolinguistic interviews and written internet texts in Mexican and Peninsular Spanish. We propose a unified account of the different functions of bueno based on preference structure and mitigation, tracing a grammaticalization path from adjectival to dialogical and, subsequently, monological uses of bueno. We use regression analysis to examine the hypotheses that (a) written medium serves as a catalyst for monologization, and (b) the two dialects studied represent two different stages of grammaticalization of bueno. While the first hypothesis is confirmed, evidence supporting the second hypothesis is less conclusive, suggesting that written uses are more similar between the two dialects than the spoken ones.
Children’s invoking of school rules in directive sequences with adults at home and school: mobilizing the teacher and school artefacts as authoritative sources
Authors: Nasi Nicola , Colla Vittoria
Published: September 2024

This paper illustrates a practice that children aged 6–10 years old deploy in response to adults’ directives both in the classroom and during homework completion at home: invoking school rules that contradict the directive. Based on 70 h of video-recorded interactions between adults and children and adopting a conversation analytic approach, the article illustrates that children invoke school rules (i.e., obligations, habits, and expectations regarding appropriate ways of conduct at school) in two ways: by reporting teachers’ claims and conduct, and/or by making relevant a school textual artefact in the environment. This practice has relevant consequences on the unfolding of the directive sequence: vis-à-vis the child’s invoking of school rules, adults variously modify their directive trajectory by changing the addressee or content of the directive, by mitigating its directiveness, and/or by finally abandoning the directive sequence. It is argued that, by countering the directive with school rules, children present themselves as more knowledgeable on the specific rule than their adult interlocutor, framing themselves as the ones having the right to decide on the issue. In so doing, children locally challenge the asymmetrical authority relationship projected by the adult’s directive.
Breves reflexões sobre o princípio republicano no direito constitucional moçambicano
Authors: Rocha Julio Cesar de Sá , Bacião Domingos Nhamboca Hale
Published: September 2024

O presente artigo propõe-se a pesquisar o nascimento da forma republicana de governo no ordenamento jurídico moçambicano, compreender o princípio republicano e sua aplicação prática no ordenamento jurídico pátrio, entender o seu significado, seus componentes e a expressão república. Outrossim, pretende-se analisar a situação dos governantes e agentes públicos como simples mandatários, representantes escolhidos pelo povo soberano para administrar a coisa pública. Assim sendo, eles não são donos da coisa pública, mas simples gestores. Em caso da má administração o executivo, o legislativo e agentes públicos devem ser responsabilizados com base no princípio republicano.
EphB2 Signaling Is Implicated in Astrocyte-Mediated Parvalbumin Inhibitory Synapse Development
Authors: Sutley-Koury Samantha N. , Taitano-Johnson Christopher , Kulinich Anna O. , Farooq Nadia , Wagner Victoria A. , Robles Marissa , Hickmott Peter W. , Santhakumar Vijayalakshmi , Mimche Patrice N. , Ethell Iryna M.
Published: September 2024

Impaired inhibitory synapse development is suggested to drive neuronal hyperactivity in autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and epilepsy. We propose a novel mechanism by which astrocytes control the development of parvalbumin (PV)-specific inhibitory synapses in the hippocampus, implicating ephrin-B/EphB signaling. Here, we utilize genetic approaches to assess functional and structural connectivity between PV and pyramidal cells (PCs) through whole-cell patch–clamp electrophysiology, optogenetics, immunohistochemical analysis, and behaviors in male and female mice. While inhibitory synapse development is adversely affected by PV-specific expression of EphB2, a strong candidate ASD risk gene, astrocytic ephrin-B1 facilitates PV→PC connectivity through a mechanism involving EphB signaling in PV boutons. In contrast, the loss of astrocytic ephrin-B1 reduces PV→PC connectivity and inhibition, resulting in increased seizure susceptibility and an ASD-like phenotype. Our findings underscore the crucial role of astrocytes in regulating inhibitory circuit development and discover a new role of EphB2 receptors in PV-specific inhibitory synapse development.
Protection of Children’s Rights in the European Social Charter
Authors: Dunaj Katarzyna , Dunaj Piotr ,   University of Bialystok, Poland
Published: September 2024

The article analyzes the guarantees of children’s rights in the European Social Charter. The perspective of the considerations was captured by recognizing children as people deserving special care from public authorities (vulnerable group). A dogmatic and linguistic analysis of the provisions of the European Social Charter was carried out and the directions of the jurisprudence of the European Committee of Social Rights were examined. The European Social Charter contains extensive guarantees in the area of children’s socioeconomic rights. This concerns, in particular, the right to education, social protection, housing and health. The position of the European Committee of Social Rights determines the effectiveness of the guarantees set out in the provisions of the European Social Charter. Thanks to it, it is possible to assess the compliance of national law and practice with the European Social Charter.
Polynomials on algebraic manifolds
Authors: Atamuratov A.A.
Published: September 2024

In this paper, we study polynomials on algebraic subvarieties $A\subset{\mathbb{C}}^{N},$ $\dim A=n,$ $n\le N,$ in the point of view their polynomial extensions into the enclosing space ${\mathbb{C}}^{N}.$ It is important in observing extremal Green function $V(z,K)$ for compact subset $K\subset A.$
Combination Tools for Calcium Modification from RASER to Orbitalshock
Authors: Hinton Jonathan , O’Kane Peter
Published: September 2024

Coronary artery calcification is frequently encountered during percutaneous coronary intervention and its presence is associated with a higher risk of stent under-expansion which has been associated with long-term risk of stent failure. There are several different calcium modification strategies available, whether they be balloon-based devices (cutting/scoring and intravascular lithotripsy) or atherectomy devices (orbital atherectomy, rotational atherectomy, excimer laser coronary atherectomy) that are established for the modification of coronary calcification. Each strategy applies a different mechanism of action for calcium modulation and consequently the potential to combine modifying tools may offer synergistic advantages over device monotherapy. This article will focus on reviewing the evidence for the use of multiple calcium modification techniques and examine whether there really is any such synergistic effect of combining these tools.
Comparison of fructification efficiency between reciprocal crosses in Coffea canephora
Authors: Ferrão Maria Amélia Gava , Fonseca Aymbiré Francisco Almeida da , Ferrão Romário Gava , Volpi Paulo Sérgio , Verdin Filho Abrão Carlos , Rocha Rodrigo Barros , Riva-Souza Elaine Manelli
Published: September 2024

This study aimed to assess and compare the behavior of superior genotypes of Coffea canephora in terms of fruiting capacity using directed hybridizations in a full diallel design with reciprocals. Hybridizations were performed using 12 possible combinations between genotypes 02, 03, 23 and 83 from the Incaper breeding program. High estimates of the genotypic coefficient of determination in terms of the total number of pinheads per cross (TNP) and fruit set (FS) indicated variability of genetic nature. FS averaged 52,27 %, ranging from 31,32 % to 82,09 %, with the higher rates relating to clone 23 as the male parent. Differences were found between reciprocal crosses in the combinations with genotype 23, which emerged as the donor plant with the best fruiting rate, but poor receiving ability. Clone 83 prevailed as the best receiving plant and the least effective donor. In the comparison of these two genotypes, antagonism was observed in their behavior when they were used as pollen-donor plants (male parents) and pollen-receiver plants (female parents), highlighting their possible maternal effect. Crosses involving clones 02 and 03 showed no differences when used reciprocally. The estimates of genotypic correlations were negative for the four associations involving the FS characteristic, being of greater magnitude with TNP.
Variaciones diurnas en la composición química y la fermentescibilidad de pasturas
Authors: Britos Arcaus Alejandro , Antúnez Fros Marcelo , Caramelli Alexandra , Repetto Capello José Luis , Cajarville Sanz María Cecilia
Published: September 2024

El objetivo de este trabajo fue estudiar las variaciones diurnas en la composición química y la fermentescibilidad ruminal en una amplia variedad de forrajes (A. sativa, L. multiflorum, L. perenne, L. híbrido, B. auleticus, M. sativa, T. pratense, T. repens, T. alexandrinum, L. corniculatus, L. pedunculatus, L. tenuis, C. intybus, P. dilatatum, P. notatum, P. plicatulum, P. lanceolata, S. sudanense). Se muestrearon treinta parcelas de diferentes especies en estado vegetativo a las 09:00, 13:00 y 17:00 horas del mismo día (tratamientos). Las muestras fueron sometidas a análisis químicos y a una prueba de producción de gas in vitro. Los volúmenes de gas se ajustaron a un modelo logístico de dos compartimentos con una única fase de latencia. Para el análisis estadístico se utilizó un modelo mixto, considerando el momento de corte como efecto fijo y el grupo botánico y la estación como aleatorios. La concentración de azúcares solubles en agua y la relación azúcares solubles/N aumentaron a lo largo del día, mientras que los niveles de fibra en detergente neutro (NDF) y N disminuyeron. Esto provocó una disminución del tiempo de latencia de la mañana a la tarde. El contenido de fibra se asoció con una fase de latencia más larga, un mayor volumen de lenta producción y tasas de fermentación más lentas. Las pasturas cortadas en la tarde mostraron un inicio más temprano de la fermentación ruminal asociado a menor concentración de fibra y mayor concentración de azúcares solubles.
2.14.0.0
Evaluación de la esterificación del aceite de corozo (Attalea cohune) para la producción de metil ésteres
Authors: Rueda Jaimes Andrés Gilberto , Montesino Rincón Sandra Milena , Salazar Beleño Ana Milena , Porras Atencia Oscar Orlando
Published: September 2024

El uso de combustibles fósiles se ha clasificado como la principal causa de la emisión de gases de efecto invernadero a la atmósfera. Es por esta razón que los biocombustibles han surgido como una alternativa sostenible en el aspecto energético, debido a la disminución de la emisión del CO2. Además, estos se obtienen a partir de materia orgánica proveniente de la agroindustria, como la palma de corozo (Attalea cohune), especie distribuida en Centroamérica y la región tropical de Suramérica. Por su parte, en Colombia es encontrada en el corregimiento de Aguas Blancas del municipio de San Martín, Cesar. El presente estudio evalúa las condiciones de concentración del catalizador ácido (H2SO4) y la relación molar aceite : metanol en la reacción de esterificación del aceite extraído de la palma de corozo, teniendo en cuenta el rendimiento de la reacción y el índice de acidez del producto. Entre las condiciones evaluadas sobresalen una relación molar de 6.5 y una concentración de catalizador de 0.95 % P/P, que obtienen un valor de rendimiento de 85.06 % y un índice de acidez de 0.48 mg KOH/g aceite, las cuales son condiciones ideales para el uso potencial del aceite esterificado en la producción de metil ésteres.
Effects of phosphine and plant extracts on flower thrips mortality and the quality of cut flowers
Authors: Lizarazo-Peña Pedro , Benjumea-Orozco Santiago , Herrera-Arévalo Aníbal Orlando
Published: September 2024

Flower thrips represent a complex of significant quarantine species affecting the cut flower market in Colombia. The aim of this research was to evaluate postharvest treatments using phosphine in conjunction with a plant extract for thrips control and quality control of five cut flower species. Eight treatments were used: six employed a commercial dose of magnesium phosphide as a source of phosphine, one used a double dose and a control group without phosphine application. The first six treatments followed a bi-factorial structure, incorporating three exposure times and the addition of a chili-garlic extract. Thrips control efficacy was evaluated using the Schneider-Orelli index based on field-collected samples. Postharvest quality assessments were conducted on roses, carnations, alstroemerias, chrysanthemums, and hydrangeas over an 18-d period following treatment application. Differences in efficacy were observed between the two locations (the blocking factor). Discrepancies in phosphine efficacy may be related to the variations in populations collected from different crops and locations, both in the departments of Cundinamarca and Antioquia. Variations in magnesium phosphide concentration, both at the commercial dose of 3.4 g m-3 and double this amount (2X) did not produce significant differences in treatment efficacy or flower quality. The use of chili pepper and garlic extract applied by nebulization at 3°C combined with phosphine application also did not significantly affect thrips mortality efficacy. The factor most influencing efficacy improvement was exposure time, as longer time periods led to better thrips control. Furthermore, we found that longer exposure times did not affect visual quality or vase life, assessed through changes in color, physiopathies, and chlorophyll content.
Diet and prey composition of Leptodactylus mystaceus from an open area in the Guiana Shield region
Authors: Santana Maria Madalena Salviano , Oliveira-Souza Aline Emanuele , Sanches Patrick Ribeiro , Costa-Campos Carlos Eduardo
Published: September 2024

In this study we describe the diet of the leptodactylid Leptodactylus mystaceus during the rainy season from an open area in the Cancão Natural Municipal Park, municipality of Serra do Navio, a lowland area of the Guiana Shield. Frogs were captured by hand monthly from February to July 2019. We examined 40 individuals of L. mystaceus, that were measured and treated with a stomach-flushing method. Three categories of arthropods dominated the diet: Araneae (spiders), Coleoptera (beetles), and Orthoptera (grasshoppers). The most important item in the diet was coleopterans and the niche breadth was narrow. The correlation between the volume of consumed prey and snout-vent length, jaw width, and body mass was not significant. Of the prey items according to hardness and mobility, we found that hard and intermediate prey were more common, respectively. Our results show that L. mystaceus shared characteristics with the generalist behavior of typical “sit-and-wait” foragers and “non-ant specialist predators”.
Mulatu Numbers as Products of Three Generalized Lucas Numbers
Authors: Adédji Kouèssi Norbert , Adjakidjè Roméo Jésugnon , Togbé Alain
Published: September 2024

Let 𝑀𝑘 be the 𝑘-th Mulatu number. Let 𝑟, 𝑠 be non-zero integers with 𝑟 ≥ 1 and 𝑠 ∈ {−1, 1}, let {𝑈𝑛}𝑛≥0 be the generalized Lucas sequence and {𝑉𝑛}𝑛≥0 its companion given respectively by 𝑈𝑛+2 = 𝑟𝑈𝑛+1 + 𝑠𝑈𝑛 and 𝑉𝑛+2 = 𝑟𝑉𝑛+1 + 𝑠𝑉𝑛, with 𝑈0 = 0, 𝑈1 = 1, 𝑉0 = 2, 𝑉1 = 𝑟. In this paper, we give effective bounds for the solutions of the following Diophantine equations 𝑀𝑘 = 𝑈𝓁𝑈𝑚𝑈𝑛 and 𝑀𝑘 = 𝑉𝓁𝑉𝑚𝑉𝑛, where 𝓁, 𝑚, 𝑛 and 𝑘 are nonnegative integers and 𝓁 ≤ 𝑚 ≤ 𝑛. Then, we explicitly solve the above Diophantine equations for the Fibonacci, Pell, Balancing sequences and their companions respectively.
Bioflocculant Technology Implementation Using Navicula sp for Harvesting of Arthrospira Platensis Culture
Authors: Suyono Eko Agus , Satriayudistira Jody Ashrib , Baihaqi Yahya , Amelia Ria
Published: September 2024

Bioflocculation, a microalgae harvesting method utilizing organisms likebacteria and microalgae as flocculant agents, necessitates careful selectionand ratio determination of bioflocculant agents. This study seeks to ascertainthe optimal balance of bioflocculant, Navicula sp., for metabolite productionand harvesting efficiency in Arthrospira platensis culture. Spanning three oneweek cultivation stages, the research commences with A. platensis cultureunder varying salinities (0, 15, 25, and 35 ppt) in the first stage, followed bypH variations (9, 10, 11, and 12) in the second stage. The optimal salinity-pHcombination identified in the first two stages is applied in the third stage,involving bioflocculant addition to culture and medium solutions at varyingratios (0.25:1, 0.5:1, 0.75:1, and 1:1 v/v). Precipitation efficiency andpigmentation were measured using spectrophotometry, while lipid contentwas determined by the Bligh Dyer extraction method. Carbohydrate contentwas assessed using the Phenol-Sulphuric Acid assay, and protein contentwas quantified using the Bradford protein assay. The findings indicate salinity,pH, and bioflocculant influence A. platensis growth, metabolite production,and harvesting efficiency. Optimal outcomes are achieved at 15 ppt salinity,pH 9, and a 1:1 ratio of bioflocculant, yielding 1.18x10-3 g of dry biomass,3.56x105 cells/mL of cell density, 2.9x100 g/L of carbohydrates, 3.63x100 g/Lof lipids, 9.97x10-3 mg/L of chlorophyll a+b, 8.71x10-1 mg/L of carotenoids,and 3.04x10-1 g/L of protein. These results suggest that salinity addition, highpH, and the addition of Navicula sp. as bioflocculant increase the harvestingprocess efficiency of A. platensis culture.
Jean-Léo: Le Baron Brisse, un Gastronome du Second Empire
Authors: Davidson Alan E
Published: September 2024

Jean-Léo: Le Baron Brisse, un Gastronome du Second Empire: Brussels, Le Grenier du Collectionneur (Avenue du Polo 88A, 1150 Bruxelles), 1992: 92 pp, numerous b/w illustrations, bibliography, full index, large format paperback, 940 Belgian francs (just over £15.00).
Kontrowersje wokół jakości informacji o całkowitym dochodzie prezentowanych przez jednostki gospodarcze
Authors: Poniatowska Lucyna , Rówińska-Kral' Małgorzata
Published: September 2024

Cel: Celem artykułu jest ocena aktualnego sposobu prezentacji dokonań (mierzonych dochodem całkowitym) przez wybrane spółki akcyjne w sprawozdaniu z sytuacji finansowej w kontekście koncepcji całkowitego dochodu oraz cechy porównywalności i zrozumiałości informacji finansowych, jak również przedstawienie autorskiej propozycji rozwiązania w zakresie prezentacji całkowitego dochodu.
Metodyka badań: Zastosowaną metodą badawczą w części teoretycznej jest krytyczna analiza regulacji MSSF (w szczególności MSR 1) i literatury z obszaru będącego przedmiotem badań, a także metoda syntezy i wnioskowania. W części empirycznej wykorzystano sprawozdania finansowe sporządzone za 2022 r. przez wybrane spółki notowane na GPW w Warszawie. Na ich podstawie dokonano krytycznej oceny prezentowanych informacji o całkowitym dochodzie i jego składowych.
Wyniki badań: W wyniku przeprowadzonych badań stwierdzono brak jednolitych rozwiązań w zakresie prezentacji całkowitego dochodu (zwłaszcza w kontekście sprawozdania z sytuacji finansowej). Skutkiem takiego stanu rzeczy jest niska jakość informacji sprawozdawczych w tym zakresie, a tym samym ograniczona czytelność sprawozdania i możliwość wykorzystania tych informacji przez interesariuszy.
Wnioski: Dla zwiększenia czytelności informacji o całkowitym dochodzie oraz możliwości ich jednoznacznej interpretacji przez interesariuszy niezbędne jest wprowadzenie obowiązku bezpośredniego prezentowania wartości wyniku finansowego oraz innych całkowitych dochodów w strukturze kapitału własnego. Rozwiązanie to zapewni ścisłe powiązanie elementów sprawozdania finansowego, których układ wynika częściowo z koncepcji całkowitego dochodu.
Wkład w rozwój dyscypliny: Opracowanie autorskiego rozwiązania w zakresie prezentacji dochodu całkowitego w sprawozdaniu z sytuacji finansowej.
Modelling Accelerating Acquisition of Teamwork Competences with Transversal Competences and Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Graczyk-Kucharska Magdalena , Olszewski Robert , Przybyła Joanna , Łuszkiewicz Julia , Hojka Klaudia , Spychała Małgorzata
Published: September 2024

Objective: The purpose of this paper was to develop a model for accelerating the acquisition of the selected transversal competence of teamwork. Based on data from four EU countries, four models were developed and the best of them was selected, describing the results and variables relevant to that model.
Research Design & Methods: Data on improving transversal competences were collected from students in four countries, i.e. Poland, Slovakia, Slovenia and Finland. 26 variables were taken into account in the modelling which was based on four methods. They included the Multiple Linear Regression Model, Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines, Support Vector Machine and two Artificial Neural Network methods.
Findings: The analyses show that the method of educating students and young employees, e.g. during training courses, can be a catalyst for accelerating teamwork competence acquisition. Other transversal competences including creativity, communicativeness and entrepreneurship correlate positively with growth in teamwork competence.
Implications / Recommendations: The study was conducted on an international group, also taking into account cross-cultural variables. However, to deepen the results, it is suggested that the sample size be increased and the research updated. The ranking of the education method is indicated to have an impact on the growth of transversal competences, including teamwork.
Contribution: New approaches in the paper include the analytical approach to modelling the growth in teamwork competence in relation to many variables describing students and young workers in the labour market in the UE. The use of multiple analytical and statistical methods allows the most fitting model to be selected and the error to be minimised.
Authentic Leadership and Innovative Work Behaviour: Exploring the Role of Trust, Power Distance Orientation, and Job Satisfaction
Authors: Lewicka Dagmara , Rehman Hafeez Ur
Published: September 2024

Objective: In today’s rapidly evolving business landscape, the role of authentic leadership in fostering innovative work behaviour among employees has gained significant attention. This paper explores and analyses authentic leadership’s influence on innovative work behaviour. Furthermore, it examines the mediation role of trust in leaders and the moderation role of power distance orientation and job satisfaction within this relationship.
Research Design & Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted to identify relevant studies on authentic leadership, innovative work behaviour, trust, power distance orientation, job satisfaction, and their interrelationships. The selected studies were critically analysed to identify common themes, methodologies, and findings. We employed the PRISMA method to choose the papers and bibliometric analysis was performed through VOS viewer software.
Findings: We provide insights into how authentic leadership influences employees’ innovative work behaviour by examining relevant literature. This paper also provides research gaps based on existing literature and empirical research. The review integrates and analyses existing literature to provide insights into the relationships between the variables.
Implications / Recommendations: Organisations should prioritise developing authentic leaders who build trust and create a supportive environment for innovation. Fostering a culture of low power distance and employee involvement enhances the positive impact of authentic leadership on innovation. Additionally, improving job satisfaction through various strategies promotes an innovative work environment.
Contribution: As far as we know, prior studies have not investigated how job satisfaction and power distance orientation influence the connection between authentic leadership and innovative work behaviour. This paper contributes to the literature by providing insights into the intervening roles of job satisfaction and power distance orientation in the unique context of Pakistani start-ups.
The Business Model of Digital Labour Platforms and the Income of Platform Workers in Poland: Theory and Practice
Authors: Tusińska Magdalena
Published: September 2024

Objective: The article examines the business model of digital labour platforms (DLPs) and the relative financial attractiveness of this form of work for platform workers.
Research Design & Methods: The leading research methods used in the article include a critical analysis of the scientific achievements of Polish and international literature on the topic and a diagnostic survey using a questionnaire.
Findings: The business model of digital labour platforms inherently exerts downward pressure on earnings, favouring low worker income. This pattern affects the pricing of both online and offline services. However, survey results indicate that most service providers in Poland have experienced an income increase since starting work through these online platforms, compared to their previous earnings.
Implications / Recommendations: The business model of digital labour platforms theoretically incorporates elements that force down the incomes of service providers. However, the delivery of services within this framework can, depending on the national context, potentially lead to an increase in platform workers’ earnings. That being said, the relative income growth observed in the Polish labour market does not necessarily contradict the overarching trend of relatively low earnings for the workers in this sector.
Contribution: The topic of platform work and the income of individuals engaged with DLPs in Poland have received limited attention from researchers. There has been also a notable absence of studies addressing these phenomena, particularly with regard to changes in income. The contribution of the present study is that it fills this gap in the literature.
Primary Education Teachers’ Subjectively Perceived Workload, Job Satisfaction, and Emotional Exhaustion
Authors:   Matej Bel University, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia, Jonek Henrieta , Cabanová Mariana ,   Matej Bel University, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia
Published: September 2024

The study presents the results of quantitative research aimed at measuring primary education teachers’ job satisfaction (JS), subjectively perceived workload (SPW) and emotional exhaustion (EE). The research sample consisted of 249 teachers. The highest satisfaction was with the work, the highest workload in diagnostics and assessment, and emotional exhaustion was not marked. Correlations confirmed relations between satisfaction and workload (-0.237), satisfaction and emotional exhaustion (-0.463), and workload and emotional exhaustion (0.462). Mediation analysis indicated that satisfaction influenced the relationship between workload and emotional exhaustion. Results point to teachers’ well-being and may help create interventions to improve the working environment. The study is an output of the project VEGA 1/0415/22.