bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical Experience with the Use of Neoadjuvant Hormone Therapy for Breast Cancer in a Latin American Cancer Center
Authors: Díaz Sandra , Osorio Ana María , Lehmann Carlos , Duarte Carlos , Angel Javier , Guzman Luis , Nuñez-Lemus Marcela , Orozco Martha Cecilia , García Mauricio , Sánchez Ricardo , Díaz Sandra , Mendoza Sara , Cervera Sergio , Serrano Wilmar
Published: June 2020

Introduction: The most frequent subtype of breast cancer is the luminal one, in 70 to 80% of cases; the
poor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy of these tumors positions neoadjuvant hormone therapy as a
treatment option.
Materials and Methods: An observational, descriptive, historical cohort study was conducted in patients
with hormone receptor (HR positive and HER2-positive breast cancer, managed with neoadjuvant hormone
therapy in the INC (National Cancer Institute, for its initials in Spanish), with the aim of evaluating their
clinical and pathological response.
Results: 57 patients were managed with neoadjuvant hormone therapy. Most stage IIA patients (40.3%, n
= 23). 86% (n = 49) had luminal A tumors. Letrozole was the most widely used drug, in 78.9% (n = 45).
The overall response rate (ORR) was reached in 94.6% (n = 53); and 10.7% of the patients (n = 6) achieved
complete clinical response (cCR). Complete pathological response (pCR) was achieved only in one patient.
Conservative surgery was possible in 56.9% (n = 29) of the patients. There was no difference between the
type of aromatase inhibitor (AI) and the duration of neoadjuvant hormonal treatment with the clinical
response. With a median follow-up of 3 years (0.6 and 6 years), no disease progression was reported in any
of the patients in the study.
Conclusion: The results of this study support the neoadjuvant hormone therapy recommendations for
postmenopausal patients older than 65 years with luminal breast cancer, with well or moderately
differentiated tumors, strongly HR positive and low Ki 67.
Topical Anaesthesia: A Step Too Far!
Authors: Dolan Sean , S Laverick , A Pye , Dolan Sean
Published: June 2020

In the past cocaine has been used as a dental anaesthetic however it is illegally used as a recreational drug.
Cocaine users occasionally rub this substance onto their attached gingivae. Due to the effects of cocaine this
can create unexpected periodontal problems in a susceptible host. We present the presentation and
management of a case of ulcerative periodontitis in a patient with a topical cocaine habit.
Estimation of Consumption Function for Developing Economies: China, Turkey, Vietnam and Bangladesh
Authors: Liaqat Saima , Wotto Marguerite , Khan Khalid
Published: June 2020

This study analyses the determinants of consumption function for four countries: China and Turkey as Upper Middle-Income Economies (UMIE); Bangladesh and Vietnam as Lower Middle-Income Economies (LMIE). It used a model based on the ARDL technique to analyze the time series data for the period of 1985- 2018. The results reveal that wealth and labor income have a similar impact on consumption in UMIE and LMIE since they affect significantly and positively aggregate consumption. Unemployment and real interest rates have an analogous result for UMIE while assorted results LMIE. The real interest rate harms RPAC as evidence of income effect. However, the short-term wealth and real GDP positively affect real RPAC whereas the unemployment rate and real interest rate negatively affect aggregate real private consumption of the selected economies.
Electricity Consumption and Economic Growth: A Time-Series Study on Pakistan
Authors: khan Raza Muhammad , Farooq Sohail , Gilal Muhammad Akram
Published: June 2020

In Socio-Economic development, the role of energy is very crucial, and often its consumption indicates the level of economic development and is considered as a vital ingredient of sustainable economic growth. Electricity as a key input variable plays a supreme role in the process of industrialization (IND), Economic growth (GDP) as well as technological progress (TEC) of a country. By utilizing time-series data from 1975 up to 2017, the study attempted to examine the nexus between EC and GDP of Pakistan in the Cobb Douglas production function framework. The study results reveal that EC, labor force, capital stocks, and technology, have positively and significantly affect Pakistans GDP growth. The study concluded and recommended that economic performance cannot be improved in the absence of continuous usage of electricity. Therefore, to achieve the desired economic growth path, uninterrupted electricity consumption is pivotal.
Combating Corruption through Institutional Reforms to Strengthen Economy and Governance: Evidence from Pakistan
Authors: Ahmad Riaz , Khan Khalid
Published: June 2020

The This article presents a case study of Pakistan with a special focus on the institutional reforms of the newly elected government brought within a short period of time. The study identifies and evaluates only the major reforms in several ministries and departments. The data of this case study is evaluated with the content analysis approach. Findings reveal that a record number of reforms have been introduced in FBR, NAB and Ministry of Interior. Local governments and major government institutions were given additional authority and autonomy which resulted in the decrease of corruption, terrorism and politicization. Findings also confirm considerable changes in e-governance with the launch of technological tools and techniques that eventually facilitated the public and modernized governance. Apart from that, the PM Imran Khan conveyed a positive image of the country to the international community which increased tourism to a greater extent. The findings of this study are significant and pertinent to complementary future scholarship and practice.
Womens Education and Empowerment in Islamabad, Pakistan
Authors: Khan Sarfraz , Haider Syed Imran , Saadia
Published: June 2020

The present research study was conducted in two public sector universities in Islamabad, Pakistan to explore the relationship between womens education and empowerment. In this research we have looked at the five major dimensions of the womens empowerment in conjunction with education i.e. (1) freedom of movement, (2) economic activism, familial and social affairs (3) freedom from domination and support by the family, (4) decision-making in daily life, and (5) political participation and community engagement. The data was collected from 30 female respondents (15 university teachers and 15 recently passed-out university graduates). The selection of the respondents was made through purposive sampling but with a special inclusion criterion. Based on the research findings, we can suggest that higher levels of education could positively be associated with the higher levels of womens empowerment.
Linguistics and Classical Theories of Rhetoric: Connections and Continuity
Authors: Perkins Mark
Published: June 2020

The Connections between ancient approaches to rhetoric, as found in Plato and Aristotle, the prime ancient theorists of rhetoric, and modern linguistic approaches to register and genre theory, as in Hallidayan linguistics, show continuity of thought across the centuries. They also suggest that there may be such things as universal rhetorical principles as evidenced in various schemata. However, ethical considerations comprised an essential part of the ancient view of rhetoric. A major feature of the modern age is the opportunity to employ techniques of persuasion by means of new technological channels such as social media and blogs. As the use of these techniques have ethical consequences, so ethical considerations are becoming more prominent and perhaps should be incorporated into linguistic models of register.
The Portrayal of Traumatic Impacts of 9/11 in Fiction: A Counter Discourse of Third Worlds Female Trauma in Waldmans The Submission
Authors: Rashid Abdul , Jabeen Sarwat , Naz Samia
Published: June 2020

The incident of 9/11 opened up new challenges for the Americans and people of the world. As the terrorists were men, the incident of 9/11 was generally seen as a masculine event thus erasing the traumatic sufferings of women. The present paper is aimed to trace the impact of Western culturally constructed trauma against the third world women. The major theoretical insights have been taken from Kaplan (2003)s Feminist Futures: Trauma, the Post-9/11 World and a Fourth Feminism. The analyzed data reveals that the identity of Asma Anwar as representative of third world women remains unstable. She has been represented as an object of no significance in the American society. We see that Asma Anwar as a woman of the third world had to bear the burden of history as well as her body
Clinical characteristics and outcomes of null-cell versus silent gonadotroph adenomas in a series of 1166 pituitary adenomas from a single institution
Authors: Haddad Alexander F. , Young Jacob S. , Oh Taemin , Pereira Matheus P. , Joshi Rushikesh S. , Pereira Kaitlyn M. , Osorio Robert C. , Donohue Kevin C. , Peeran Zain , Sudhir Sweta , Jain Saket , Beniwal Angad , Chopra Ashley S. , Sandhu Narpal S. , Theodosopoulos Philip V. , Kunwar Sandeep , El-Sayed Ivan H. , Gurrola José , Blevins Lewis S. , Aghi Manish K.
Published: June 2020

OBJECTIVE

Nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas present without biochemical or clinical signs of hormone excess and are the second most common type of pituitary adenomas. The 2017 WHO classification scheme of pituitary adenomas differentiates null-cell adenomas (NCAs) and silent gonadotroph adenomas (SGAs). The present study sought to highlight the differences in patient characteristics and clinical outcomes between NCAs and SGAs.

METHODS

The records of 1166 patients who underwent transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary adenoma between 2012 and 2019 at a single institution were retrospectively reviewed. Patient demographics and clinical outcomes were collected.

RESULTS

Of the overall pituitary adenoma cohort, 12.8% (n = 149) were SGAs and 9.2% (n = 107) NCAs. NCAs were significantly more common in female patients than SGAs (61.7% vs 26.8%, p < 0.001). There were no differences in patient demographics, initial tumor size, or perioperative and short-term clinical outcomes. There was no significant difference in the amount of follow-up between patients with NCAs and those with SGAs (33.8 months vs 29.1 months, p = 0.237). Patients with NCAs had significantly higher recurrence (p = 0.021), adjuvant radiation therapy usage (p = 0.002), and postoperative diabetes insipidus (p = 0.028). NCA pathology was independently associated with tumor recurrence (HR 3.64, 95% CI 1.07–12.30; p = 0.038), as were cavernous sinus invasion (HR 3.97, 95% CI 1.04–15.14; p = 0.043) and anteroposterior dimension of the tumor (HR 2.23, 95% CI 1.09–4.59; p = 0.030).

CONCLUSIONS

This study supports the definition of NCAs and SGAs as separate subgroups of nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas, and it highlights significant differences in long-term clinical outcomes, including tumor recurrence and the associated need for adjuvant radiation therapy, as well as postoperative diabetes insipidus. The authors also provide insight into independent risk factors for these outcomes in the adenoma population studied, providing clinicians with additional predictors of patient outcomes. Follow-up studies will hopefully uncover mechanisms of biological aggressiveness in NCAs and associated molecular targets.
PET-guided repeat transsphenoidal surgery for previously deemed unresectable lateral disease in acromegaly
Authors: Bashari Waiel A. , Senanayake Russell , Koulouri Olympia , Gillett Daniel , MacFarlane James , Powlson Andrew S. , Fernandez-Pombo Antia , Bano Gul , Martin Andrew J. , Scoffings Daniel , Cheow Heok , Mendichovszky Iosif , Tysome James , Donnelly Neil , Santarius Thomas , Kolias Angelos , Mannion Richard , Gurnell Mark
Published: June 2020

OBJECTIVE

The object of this study was to determine if revision transsphenoidal surgery (TSS), guided by 11C-methionine PET/CT coregistered with volumetric MRI (Met-PET/MRCR), can lead to remission in patients with persistent acromegaly due to a postoperative lateral disease remnant.

METHODS

The authors identified 9 patients with persistent acromegaly following primary intervention (TSS ± medical therapy ± radiotherapy) in whom further surgery had initially been discounted because of equivocal MRI findings with suspected lateral sellar and/or parasellar disease (cases with clear Knosp grade 4 disease were excluded). All patients underwent Met-PET/MRCR. Scan findings were used by the pituitary multidisciplinary team to inform decision-making regarding repeat surgery. Revision TSS was performed with wide lateral exploration as guided by the PET findings. Endocrine reassessment was performed at 6–10 weeks after surgery, with longitudinal follow-up thereafter.

RESULTS

Met-PET/MRCR revealed focal tracer uptake in the lateral sellar and/or parasellar region(s) in all 9 patients, which correlated with sites of suspected residual tumor on volumetric MRI. At surgery, tumor was identified and resected in 5 patients, although histological analysis confirmed somatotroph tumor in only 4 cases. In the other 4 patients, no definite tumor was seen, but equivocal tissue was removed. Despite the uncertainty at surgery, all patients showed immediate significant improvements in clinical and biochemical parameters. In the 8 patients for whom long-term follow-up data were available, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) was ≤ 1.2 times the upper limit of normal (ULN) in all subjects and ≤ 1 times the ULN in 6 subjects, and these findings have been maintained for up to 28 months (median 8 months, mean 13 months) with no requirement for adjunctive medical therapy or radiotherapy. No patient suffered any additional pituitary deficit or other complication of surgery.

CONCLUSIONS

This study provides proof of concept that Met-PET/MRCR can be helpful in the evaluation of residual lateral sellar/parasellar disease in persistent acromegaly and facilitate targeted revision TSS in a subgroup of patients.
Machine learning–based prediction of outcomes of the endoscopic endonasal approach in Cushing disease: is the future coming?
Authors: Zoli Matteo , Staartjes Victor E. , Guaraldi Federica , Friso Filippo , Rustici Arianna , Asioli Sofia , Sollini Giacomo , Pasquini Ernesto , Regli Luca , Serra Carlo , Mazzatenta Diego
Published: June 2020

OBJECTIVE

Machine learning (ML) is an innovative method to analyze large and complex data sets. The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of ML to identify predictors of early postsurgical and long-term outcomes in patients treated for Cushing disease (CD).

METHODS

All consecutive patients in our center who underwent surgery for CD through the endoscopic endonasal approach were retrospectively reviewed. Study endpoints were gross-tumor removal (GTR), postsurgical remission, and long-term control of disease. Several demographic, radiological, and histological factors were assessed as potential predictors. For ML-based modeling, data were randomly divided into 2 sets with an 80% to 20% ratio for bootstrapped training and testing, respectively. Several algorithms were tested and tuned for the area under the curve (AUC).

RESULTS

The study included 151 patients. GTR was achieved in 137 patients (91%), and postsurgical hypersecretion remission was achieved in 133 patients (88%). At last follow-up, 116 patients (77%) were still in remission after surgery and in 21 patients (14%), CD was controlled with complementary treatment (overall, of 131 cases, 87% were under control at follow-up). At internal validation, the endpoints were predicted with AUCs of 0.81–1.00, accuracy of 81%–100%, and Brier scores of 0.035–0.151. Tumor size and invasiveness and histological confirmation of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)–secreting cells were the main predictors for the 3 endpoints of interest.

CONCLUSIONS

ML algorithms were used to train and internally validate robust models for all the endpoints, giving accurate outcome predictions in CD cases. This analytical method seems promising for potentially improving future patient care and counseling; however, careful clinical interpretation of the results remains necessary before any clinical adoption of ML. Moreover, further studies and increased sample sizes are definitely required before the widespread adoption of ML to the study of CD.
Repair of the sellar floor using bioresorbable polydioxanone foils after endoscopic endonasal pituitary surgery
Authors: Zeden Jan-Philip , Baldauf Jörg , Schroeder Henry W. S.
Published: June 2020

OBJECTIVE

Postoperative CSF leakage is the most common unwanted sequela of transnasal pituitary surgery. The individual anatomy, the extent of the sellar opening, and the occurrence of an intraoperative CSF leak add to the risk of postoperative rhinorrhea. Despite the current sophistication and recent developments in pituitary surgery, watertight closure of the sellar floor remains a matter of concern. Improvements and additions to the technical armamentarium of sellar reconstruction are therefore still desirable.

METHODS

The authors present a closure technique of the sellar floor using a bioresorbable polydioxanone foil, which is placed between the dura and the bony margins of the open sellar floor to keep the intrasellar implants in place and to withstand the pressure arising from the intracranial compartment.

RESULTS

The technique was used in a technical case series of 30 patients, and in all patients the floor could be sufficiently reconstructed. CSF flow intraoperatively was documented in 10 cases (33.3%). Postoperative CSF rhinorrhea was detected in one patient (3.3%). No complications could be attributed to the technique or the material during a mean follow-up period of 477 days. The foils can easily be identified on MR images and CT scans and therefore do not affect the postoperative radiological assessment.

CONCLUSIONS

The described technique is an easy, inexpensive, and reliable method for sellar floor reconstruction and has a low CSF leakage rate. It is recommended when the risk of a postoperative CSF leak is high and there is still enough bony margin of the sellar floor left that enables a sufficient fixation of the foil.
Surgical outcomes and multidisciplinary management strategy of Cushing’s disease: a single-center experience in China
Authors: Zhang Keyi , Shen Ming , Qiao Nidan , Chen Zhengyuan , He Wenqiang , Ma Zengyi , Shou Xuefei , Li Shiqi , Zhao Yao , Pan Li , Liu Dan , He Min , Zhang Zhaoyun , Li Yiming , Yao Zhenwei , Ye Hongying , Wang Yongfei
Published: June 2020

OBJECTIVE

The primary aim of this study was to investigate the value of multidisciplinary team (MDT) management in treating patients with Cushing’s disease (CD). The secondary aim was to assess the concordance of bilateral inferior petrosal sinus sampling (BIPSS) lateralization with intraoperative observations.

METHODS

The authors recruited 124 consecutive patients (128 procedures) who had undergone endoscopic endonasal resection of adrenocorticotropic hormone–secreting pituitary adenomas from May 2014 to April 2018 and assessed their clinical characteristics, surgical outcomes, and adjuvant therapies. The criteria for surgical remission were normalized serum and urinary cortisol levels, which could be suppressed by a low-dose dexamethasone suppression test at 3-months’ follow-up without adjuvant treatment.

RESULTS

The remission rates of the 113 patients with long-term follow-up (20.3 ± 12.2 months) were 83.2% after surgery alone and 91.2% after adjuvant therapy. The surgical remission rates of macroadenomas, MRI-visible microadenomas, and MRI-negative tumors were 66.7% (12/18), 89.3% (67/75), and 75% (15/20), respectively (p = 0.039). The surgical remission rates had a trend of improvement during the study period (87.5% in 2017–2018 vs 76.5% in 2014, p = 0.517). Multivariate regression analysis showed that a history of previous pituitary surgery (OR 0.300, 95% CI 0.100–0.903; p = 0.032) and MRI-visible microadenoma (OR 3.048, 95% CI 1.030–9.019; p = 0.044) were independent factors influencing surgical remission. The recurrence rate was 3.2% after a mean of 18 months after surgery. The remission rate of postoperative MDT management in patients with persistent disease was higher than non-MDT management (66.7% vs 0%, p = 0.033). In cases with preoperative BIPSS lateralization, 84.6% (44/52) were concordant with intraoperative findings.

CONCLUSIONS

MRI-visible microadenoma and primary surgery were independent predictors of surgical remission in CD. The MDT management strategy helps to achieve a better overall outcome. BIPSS may help to lateralize the tumor in MRI-negative/equivocal microadenomas.
Nauka o polityce w świetle Ustawy 2.0 i aktów wykonawczych
Authors: Szczepański Jarosław
Published: June 2020

The article aims to analyze changes in public (administrative) law, including the introduction of a new act of law (the so-called “Law 2.0”) on higher education and science in 2018 in Poland. Together with the accompanying introductory law and executive acts, Law 2.0 established not only a new legal regime, but also forced institutional changes, that will be analysed in the second part of this article. In addition to the analysis, the article is also presents author’s conclusions de lege lata and de lege ferenda.
The Effectiveness of Classical Music Therapy and Progressive Muscle Relaxation Therapy on Anxiety Levels
Authors: Agni Jeny Ayu Ratri Semara , Sarwono Bambang , Suyanta Suyanta
Published: June 2020

Background : Anxiety occurs when a person has difficulty in dealing with situations, problems and goals. One example of anxiety's situation is the anxiety experienced by students who will face the exam, the exam itself is an evaluation to assess the learning that has given the teachers to its students, the evaluation been assessed through exams. Efforts to reduced the anxiety one of them with progressive muscle relaxation therapy in which the body's response to anxiety will affect the mind and muscle tension. Then there is also an effort to decrease anxiety with music therapy to help express feelings and a positive influence on the condition and emotionsMethods : This research was conduct in March 2019, methods used quasy experimental design with time series approach. Instrument used to measure the level of anxiety with BAI (Beck Anxiety Inventory). Sampling technique using accidental sampling, with a sample of 40 respondents.Results : Statistical test results using independent t-test with p value 0,019 the first day, second day and third day 0.002 0.022 (p 0.05), which means there is a difference, then the average value obtained showed the lowest value between music therapy and therapy progressive muscle relaxation, which means no difference in effectiveness.Conclusion : There are differences in effectiveness where progressive muscle relaxation therapy is more effective than the classic music therapy in reducing anxiety levels in high school.
La cumbre de Guadalajara
Authors: Loring Miró Jaime
Published: June 2020

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La transición en Polonia
Authors: Mazowiecki T.
Published: June 2020

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水利工程建设中的水土保持与可持续发展分析
Authors: 高 慧
Published: June 2020

在我国社会各方面发展的目前阶段,有关环境保护问题仍旧是一个主要难点。比如,我们可以将水环境作为出发点来看待环境保护问题,在多个角度都有着不同的表现方式,不单单是常见的水体资源污染和人均可利用水资源不足问题,同时还有水土流失现象也比较严重。因此,在水利工程的施工建设过程中,需要对水土保持工作保持高度重视,在坚持可持续发展的原则基础上,加强水利工程建设工作。
水利工程对生态环境的影响及生态水利工程研究
Authors: 王 啸林 , 李 献峰 , 王 一宁
Published: June 2020

经济社会的快速发展对于资源的需求不断增大,近几年,水利工程建设发展很快。人们对城市的品味也随着提出了更高的要求,很多经济发达的地区提出了建设“生态城市”的发展目标。水利工程建设是我国重要的民生工程,其大大增加人们生活的便利性,为人类社会创造更高的经济效益。基于此,本文主要以生态水利工程的建设原则为切入点,分析水利工程对生态环境的影响,以及阐述建设生态水利工程的几点建议,仅供参考。
解析水库工程水土保持对策
Authors: 常 芳
Published: June 2020

水库工程对于促进区域经济稳定发展,加强民生保障具有重要意义。水库工程不仅能够为水产养殖业提供有利条件,也能够为地方人民群众提供优质的淡水资源。另外,水库工程与区域生态文明建设也存在紧密关联。为此,全面探究水库工程的水土保持工作显得尤为重要。
提高水利工程测量水平的措施浅析
Authors: 杨 镇瑀
Published: June 2020

在水利工程中,测量工作极为重要,在进行水利工程的设计以及施工的过程中,通过测量,能够获取相应的数据,是保障水利工程正常运行的一个前提。当前发展状况对水利工程测量技术提出了更高的标准和要求,由于各种新兴行业技术的迅速发展,也推动了水利工程测量技术向自动化、网络化不断发展。因此,本文首先说明影响水利工程测量质量的因素,并提出相应的解决措施。
水利信息化在防洪抗旱工程中的应用初探
Authors: 王 世云
Published: June 2020

目前随着我国水利行业的迅速发展,国家对水利行业的支持建设力度也在增大,但防汛抗旱工作仍需要充足的信息资源作为基础,尽可能保障人民生命安全,因此我们需要在防汛抗旱工作中重视水利信息化建设,突出其作用及必要性,并对对当下现状进行简要分析,同时提出相应防汛抗旱的标准以及规范,因此本文就水利信息化在防汛抗旱工作中的应用作初探,希望可以通过对策的提出来保障防汛抗旱工作。
水利工程安全生产标准化评价
Authors: 丁 学兵
Published: June 2020

本文简述影响水利工程安全生产的要素,分别从安全生产的标准化内容、评价、措施三方面对标准化体系加以介绍,以期为工程建设环节的安全管理提供借鉴。
水利工程中试验检测的作用
Authors: 顾 忠强
Published: June 2020

基于对水利工程中试验检测作用的研究,首先要明确水利工程试验检测的基础与意义,以及水利工程中试验检测存在的主要问题,然后与其中内容相结合,对水利工程中试验检测的作用与应用策略进行分析。本文主要围绕需确保试验检测的针对性、为工程顺利建设提供保证以及注重工程验收阶段的试验检测这三方面展开分析,并在此基础上对水利工程中试验检测的关键点进行了简要探讨,希望能够为有关人士提供帮助。
基于WAP移动水文信息服务系统的设计与实现
Authors: 吕 胜国 , 刘 青山
Published: June 2020

基于WAP移动水文系统服务是将无线移动通讯技术和计算机应用技术结合起来,实现了水文信息的随时随地查询,便于防汛抗旱及时决策,方便水文技术人员管理水文测报网络,为水文信息服务发展创造了更为广阔的发展空间。
小型农田水利工程建设和管理问题研究
Authors: 曹 开 , 吴 刚
Published: June 2020

在农业产业当中,小型农田水利工程建设情况起到了直接性的影响作用,这主要是由于小型的农田水利工程可起到保证农田高效生产的作用。从我国农业发展的历程中可以了解到,在过去很长的一段时间,我国农业相继遭遇到了各种各样的自然灾害,农业生产遭受到巨大的重创。其中,很大一部分地区小型农业水利工程量是非常多的,分布在各个地区,水利工程多种多样,为此,要想做好小型农田水利工程建设和管理工作可以说存在非常大的难度,为此,我们要正视小型农田水利工程建设和管理问题,认真做好相关工程管理工作,从而创造最大的社会经济效益。
混凝土材料强度检测方法分析
Authors: 洪 亮
Published: June 2020

在建筑工程中,建材的质量直接关系到了工程的整体质量。基于此,本文阐述了目前几种常用的混凝土材料强度检测方法,并且举出一则实例来对比不同的检测方式,具有工程参考和借鉴意义,希望给有关人员一些借鉴。
水库移民GIS地理信息系统设计与实现
Authors: 梁 栋
Published: June 2020

科技信息的进步带动了各领域的全面发展与创新。在我国的水库移民问题管理中,GIS地理信息系统就发挥着较为关键的作用。该系统凭借其智能科技的数据分析统筹功能,促进水库移民工作的高效开展。本文就将围绕该系统在设计与实现路径展开探讨分析。
水利工程中生态堤防设计的应用
Authors: 李 宏伟
Published: June 2020

现阶段,随着我国社会经济的发展进步,水利工程作为我国社会的基础工程,其发展水平也越来越高,越来越多的新型技术和材料被应用在水利工程的设计和建设过程中,在很大程度上也降低了水利工程建设对于生态环境的影响,促进了我国水利工程的可持续发展。文章就生态堤防的概述和设计原则、水利工程中生态堤防设计的作用、水利工程中生态堤防设计的应用以及展望进行了分析,希望对提高我国水利工程的设计水平等方面有所帮助。
Analisando stakeholders internos em uma Instituição de Ensino Superior: O caso na Universidade Federal do Pará
Authors: Costa Sheila Maria Moreira , Mattos Carlos André Corrêa De
Published: June 2020

Os gestores de organizações na atualidade não podem ignorar a necessidade de analisar e monitorar os grupos de interesse de que dependem. Esses grupos de interesse são os seus stakeholders. A análise de stakeholders, anteriormente focada no âmbito privado, está cada vez mais presente nas instituições públicas tendo em vista a sua contribuição na agregação de valor por meio da gestão estratégica e no processo de avaliação de desempenho. Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar a presença da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA) como uma marca forte na região amazônica na visão de seus stakeholders internos. Para tanto, foi realizada uma pesquisa de caráter qualitativo e quantitativo no campus sede, em Belém, envolvendo docentes, discentes e funcionários técnico-administrativos. Os resultados da pesquisa foram obtidos a partir de entrevistas semiestruturadas, abordando questões acerca da visão que esses indivíduos têm a respeito da universidade em relação à sua presença na sociedade, bem como a eficiência e eficácia de suas ações e competências. Percebeu-se que a UFPA tem uma boa receptividade por parte dos entrevistados, sendo a primeira escolha dos mesmos no que diz respeito à formação e empregabilidade. Os entrevistados destacaram também a relevância que a universidade tem diante da sociedade como uma instituição que promove a ciência e serviços sociais. Assim, é possível concluir que a UFPA contribui para o desempenho regional e é reconhecida por seus stakeholders internos.
Avaliação das Normas Regulatórias sobre rotulagem e embalagem de produtos farmacêuticos
Authors: Novaes Michele Franciene Baú
Published: June 2020

A Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (ANVISA) tem por finalidade promover a saúde da população por meio da regulamentação da produção e da comercialização de produtos e serviços submetidos à vigilância sanitária, dentre eles os produtos farmacêuticos. As normas regulatórias norteiam os parâmetros de qualidade que devem ser seguidos na cadeia produtiva na indústria farmacêutica de medicamentos. A presente pesquisa procurou levantar dados bibliográficos para esclarecer e tornar público informações aos profissionais de saúde, ao setor industrial farmacêutico, as autoridades representativas vinculadas ao Ministério da Saúde, ANVISA e a população brasileira, em geral, sobre a importância de discutir e atualizar as legislações brasileiras sobre a rotulagem e embalagem de produtos farmacêuticos, identificar e demonstrar dados que apontam possíveis equivalências entre os mesmos que possam conduzir a erros de medicação, passíveis de acontecer por troca. Pretende-se também verificar junto às normas sanitárias atuais quais são as informações obrigatórias a serem inseridas nos rótulos, relevantes a segurança do usuário, e discutir sobre possíveis reações adversas relacionadas ao excipiente lactose, amplamente utilizado pela indústria farmacêutica. Para selecionar o referencial teórico foram utilizados os banco de dados dos sites Scielo.br, BVS (Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde), pesquisas em sites, revistas científicas e artigos em revistas de saúde, onde utilizou-se as palavras de busca isoladas: rotulagem, embalagem, legislação, lactose, e busca combinada de duas ou três palavras: rótulos de medicamentos-erros de medicação, farmacovigilância-erros de medicação, rotulagem-embalagem-legislação, rótulos-embalagens-lactose. Os trabalhos que não combinavam nenhuma das três palavras foram excluídos, assim como os que não se enquadravam nos anos pré-selecionados de 2000 a 2019. O critério de exclusão também se aplica para os artigos que após leitura que não se referiam ao objetivo principal da pesquisa. Observou-se a falta de normas específicas para garantir a diferenciação de embalagens semelhantes para evitar erros de medicação, como também foi notada a falta de regras para discriminar a presença de lactose em rótulos de medicamentos. A publicação de legislação para promover a diferenciação de embalagens e a padronização de informações específicas em rótulos é fundamental para a promoção do uso racional de medicamentos.
Effect of pollutants on biochemical properties of microorganisms
Authors: Boiko Oksana V. , Dotsenko Yu. I. , Gudinskaya N. I. , Boiko V. I. , Mukhamedzyanova R. I. , Kozak D. M. , Stenkin F. S.
Published: June 2020

Introduction. The development of different ways of identifying hazard of substances, polluting the environment, that are alternative to routine methods for assessing health of different professional groups of people, as well as to tests on laboratory animals, has been assessed and summarized in a number of papers, and there is a growing volume of actual data on this issue. The analyzing pathogenic properties of microflora, isolated from polluted habitats or changed under the effect of pollutants, allows both assessing the risk of diseases with microbial etiology and identifying the influence of modifying factors on this process. Materials and methods. The research was performed on 150 cultures of Klebsiella pneumoniae, exposed to diethanolamine, phenol, sulfuric and nitric acids, taken at the level of their threshold limit value. The same cultures incubated without pollutants were used as a control group. Pathogenic factors were determined with the use of traditional methods, our modified methods (RNAase activity) and standard agents, kits and media. Results. The contact with all the pollutants resulted in a fair increase in adhesive, anti-Ig, lysozyme, anti-lysozyme and RNAase activities of microorganisms, their resistance to antibacterial action of blood serum, as well as to damaging action of lactoferrin. The bacteria increased their ability to synthesize a substance, immunologically similar to human lactoferrin. At the same time, there was a decrease in lipase activity, primarily referred to factors determining the bacterial ability to survive in the environment. Discussion. Therefore, the paper results can be presented as follows: being an independent and holistic section of modern microbiology, bacterial biochemistry unites the issues appeared to be far from each other - changes in factors of pathogenicity and persistence of microorganisms and technogenic changeability of the environment. Being quite urgent today, this problem may become aggravated in the course of further technological progress.
Iron Metabolism in the Human Body and its Hygienic Limits for Drinking Water. Review. Part 1
Authors: Egorova Natalija A. , Kanatnikova N. V.
Published: June 2020

Iron is an essential element indispensable for the growth, division, differentiation and functioning of any living cell in the body. for humans iron is vitally important and dangerous at the same time, because with excessive accumulation it causes oxidative stress with the formation of highly active oxygen radicals and reactive forms of nitrogen that can destroy cell membranes, proteins, nucleic acids, reduce cell viability, which, according to modern concepts, can contribute to the development of many diseases (cardiovascular, rheumatic, gastrointestinal, neurodegenerative, oncological, metabolic and others), and also accelerate the aging process. This review discusses the issues of iron metabolism in humans, including its regulation at the cellular and systemic levels, the intake, transport, use, accumulation and export of iron in cells, the role of the labile iron pool in the cytoplasm of cells and plasma non-transferrin bound iron. There are provided data on the causes, prevalence iron overload in the formation of free radicals, the development of oxidative stress and related common diseases, as well as information on ferroptosis, a new type of iron-dependent regulated cell death. Attention is paid to the works of domestic authors, where it was found that prolonged use of drinking water with a high iron content is unfavorable for the population and leads to an increase in the overall incidence, the development of diseases of the blood, skin and subcutaneous tissue, musculoskeletal system, digestive system, urogenital system, and allergic diseases. There are cited separate publications on the possibility of a negative effect of iron at concentrations in water at a level of 0.3 mg/l and lower. The materials of the review emphasize the preventive value of a cautious attitude to regulating iron in the water of the Russian Federation, where 1/3 of the population uses iron-containing water for drinking, and substantiate the feasibility of establishing a hygienic standard for iron in water not higher than 0.3 mg/l, without inclusion in regulatory documents level of 1 mg/l as permissible.
Assessment of the mutagenicity of the technical product
of N-(1-ethylpropyl)-2,6-dinitro -3,4-xylidinen
Authors: Egorova O. V. , Ilyushina Nataliya A. , Averianova N. S. , Masaltsev G. V. , Dmitricheva O. O.
Published: June 2020

Introduction. Evaluation of genotoxicity of the pesticide technical products is one of the mandatory requirements for their toxicological and hygienic assessment. The data about mutagenic property is ambiguous for some pesticides. This may be due to the use of various active ingredients of technical products of the pesticide for testing, as they may have different profiles of relevant impurities, some of which may be potentially genotoxic. Material and methods. A technical product of N-(1-ethylpropyl)-2,6-dinitro-3,4-xylidine was tested using the bacterial reverse mutation method with Salmonella typhimurium (Ames test) and the in vivo mammalian micronucleus analysis in mouse bone marrow erythrocytes. Results. Statistically significant dose-dependent mutagenic effects of the technical product of N-(1-ethylpropyl)-2,6-dinitro-3,4-xylidine were revealed for TA97 (+S9 / -S9); TA100 (+S9 / -S9); TA102 (+S9 / -S9) and TA98 (+S9 / -S9) strains. In all cases, the fold increase of the revertant numbers mediated by the tested substance compared with the concurrent negative control was > 2 except TA98 in the presence of S9. In the micronucleus test, the technical product did not induce a statistically significant increase in the frequency of the micronucleated polychromatophilic erythrocytes in CD-1 mouse bone marrow up to 2000 mg/kg bw. Conclusion. The data suggest all technical products of pesticides entering the market should be tested for the potential genotoxicity. In such a case it is necessary to use at least two methods on different test systems for obtaining reliable results.
Tom Houston, My Story with Governance. What I Have Learned from Running Christian Organizations (Oxford: Regnum Books, 2014)
Authors: Baruchello Giorgio
Published: June 2020

Book review of: Tom Houston, My Story with Governance. What I Have Learned from Running Christian Organizations (Oxford: Regnum Books, 2014)
La Fundación Casa Ducal de Medinaceli crea un taller-laboratorio de restauración y conservación de documento gráfico
Authors: Díaz de Miranda Macías María Dolores
Published: June 2020

El patrimonio de la Fundación Casa Ducal de Medinaceli cuenta con catorce monumentos nacionales declarados bien de interés cultural. Para la gestión de su patrimonio documental, ha centralizado la mayoría de su Archivo Ducal en uno de ellos: el edificio renacentista del Hospital de Tavera de Toledo. A la labor de catalogación, digitalización y atención de los investigadores, desde finales del diciembre de 2019, se ha incorporado la creación de un taller-laboratorio de conservación y restauración de documento gráfico. En este breve intervalo de tiempo se ha intervenido más de 1.600 pergaminos, 18 encuadernaciones, 14 planos-dibujos y un cantoral.
CANO RIVERO, I.; HERMOSO ROMERO, I.; MUÑOZ RUBIO, M. V. (coord.) Montañés, maestro de maestros
Authors: Cao Rondán Ramón
Published: June 2020

Reseña del libro CANO RIVERO, I.; HERMOSO ROMERO, I.; MUÑOZ RUBIO, M. V. (coord.) Montañés, maestro de maestros. Sevilla: Consejería de Cultura y Patrimonio Histórico, 2019
Comunarte visibiliza el patrimonio cultural y la riqueza que aportan las personas migrantes a la sociedad canaria
Authors: Zelaya Álvarez Silvia Cristina , Pérez Amores Grecy
Published: June 2020

Comunarte es un proyecto que comenzó a finales de 2017 para pensar al migrante más allá de las imágenes estereotipadas que nos llegan día a día a través de los medios de comunicación. Basándose en un proceso de investigación etnográfica con perspectiva de género, Comunarte pretende visibilizar el arte y la cultura de las comunidades migrantes residentes en Canarias y generar así nuevos imaginarios sobre la movilidad de las poblaciones.
TORIJA LÓPEZ, A.; BAQUEDANO BELTRÁN, I. (dir.) Tejiendo pasado. Patrimonio cultural y profesión, en género femenino
Authors: Villalobos Gómez Aurora
Published: June 2020

Reseña del libro TORIJA LÓPEZ, A.; BAQUEDANO BELTRAN, I. (DIR) Tejiendo pasado. Patrimonio cultural y profesión, en género femenino. Madrid: Consejería de Cultura, Turismo y Deportes de la Comunidad de Madrid, Dirección General de Patrimonio Cultural, 2019
Mind Mapping in CLIL: How It Facilitates Students’ Reading Comprehension
Authors: Puspitasari Evi
Published: June 2020

In Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) where students are exposed with texts in a language that they are still learning, a mind map could be one of significant alternatives to gain students’ reading comprehension. This exploratory research discuses six EFL students’ voices about how mind map can be an instrument to comprehend English texts they read. In gaining the data, thirty-seven students who enrolled a theory-based subject in forth semester were assigned to write a reflective essay about mind map tasks and six forth semester students were interviewed to get the main data. Students’ portfolio of mind map assignment with teacher feedback was employed to triangulate the interview data. The results show that thirty-seven students agreed that mind map assisted them to comprehend English texts, yet the process was a bit complicated for them. All process that students passed through in making mind map contributed to reach L2 reading comprehension in CLIL classroom. Conclusion and recommendation are also discussed in this article.
Producing Outside the Box: Creative Strategies in the Work of Betty E. Box, 1957–64
Authors: Ayres John D.
Published: June 2020

This article considers the working practices of British cinema's only major female film producer during the early-to-mid post-Second World War era, Betty E. Box (1915–99). Via reference to her extensive archive at the British Film Institute and the films Campbell's Kingdom (1957), The Wind Cannot Read (1958) and Hot Enough for June (1964), the article charts how Box initially envisaged multi-generational casting for roles that were eventually taken by long-term collaborator Dirk Bogarde. It considers the manner in which she approached the diplomatic complexities of location shooting, with particular focus on Ralph Thomas's military romance The Wind Cannot Read, the first British film to be shot in India for twenty years at the time of its production. The reasoning for Box's ongoing absence, as a female creative figure, from scholarship addressing British cinema, and film production more generally, will also be addressed.
Cannabinoids-Promising Antimicrobial Drugs or Intoxicants with Benefits?
Authors: Klahn Philipp
Published: June 2020

Novel antimicrobial drugs are urgently needed to counteract the increasing occurrence of bacterial resistance. Extracts of Cannabis sativa have been used for the treatment of several diseases since ancient times. However, its phytocannabinoid constituents are predominantly associated with psychotropic effects and medical applications far beyond the treatment of infections. It has been demonstrated that several cannabinoids show potent antimicrobial activity against primarily Gram-positive bacteria including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). As first in vivo efficacy has been demonstrated recently, it is time to discuss whether cannabinoids are promising antimicrobial drug candidates or overhyped intoxicants with benefits.
Use of Melatonin in Oxidative Stress Related Neonatal Diseases
Authors: D’Angelo Gabriella , Chimenz Roberto , Reiter Russel J. , Gitto Eloisa
Published: June 2020

Reactive oxygen species have a crucial role in the pathogenesis of perinatal diseases. Exposure to inflammation, infections, or high oxygen concentrations is frequent in preterm infants, who have high free iron levels that enhance toxic radical generation and diminish antioxidant defense. The peculiar susceptibility of newborns to oxidative stress supports the prophylactic use of melatonin in preventing or decreasing oxidative stress-mediated diseases. Melatonin, an effective direct free-radical scavenger, easily diffuses through biological membranes and exerts pleiotropic activity everywhere. Multiple investigations have assessed the effectiveness of melatonin to reduce the “oxygen radical diseases of newborn” including perinatal brain injury, sepsis, chronic lung disease (CLD), and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). Further studies are still awaited to test melatonin activity during perinatal period.
Comparative Analysis of Age- and Gender-Associated Microbiome in Lung Adenocarcinoma and Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Wong Lindsay M. , Shende Neil , Li Wei Tse , Castaneda Grant , Apostol Lauren , Chang Eric Y. , Ongkeko Weg M.
Published: June 2020

The intra-tumor microbiota has been increasingly implicated in cancer pathogenesis. In this study, we aimed to examine the microbiome in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) and determine its compositional differences with relation to age and gender. After grouping 497 LUAD and 433 LUSC patients by age and gender and removing potential contaminants, we identified differentially abundant microbes in each patient cohort vs. adjacent normal samples. We then correlated dysregulated microbes with patient survival rates, immune infiltration, immune and cancer pathways, and genomic alterations. We found that most age and gender cohorts in both LUAD and LUSC contained unique, significantly dysregulated microbes. For example, LUAD-associated Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. W3110 was dysregulated in older female and male patients and correlated with both patient survival and genomic alterations. For LUSC, the most prominent bacterial species that we identified was Pseudomonas putida str. KT2440, which was uniquely associated with young LUSC male patients and immune infiltration. In conclusion, we found differentially abundant microbes implicated with age and gender that are also associated with genomic alterations and immune dysregulations. Further investigation should be conducted to determine the relationship between gender and age-associated microbes and the pathogenesis of lung cancer.
Current Strategies and Novel Therapeutic Approaches for Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma
Authors: Mollica Veronica , Rizzo Alessandro , Montironi Rodolfo , Cheng Liang , Giunchi Francesca , Schiavina Riccardo , Santoni Matteo , Fiorentino Michelangelo , Lopez-Beltran Antonio , Brunocilla Eugenio , Brandi Giovanni , Massari Francesco
Published: June 2020

Urothelial carcinoma (UC) is a frequent cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Metastatic UC has been historically associated with poor prognosis, with a median overall survival of approximately 15 months and a 5-year survival rate of 18%. Although platinum-based chemotherapy remains the mainstay of medical treatment for patients with metastatic UC, chemotherapy clinical trials produced modest benefit with short-lived, disappointing responses. In recent years, the better understanding of the role of immune system in cancer control has led to the development and approval of several immunotherapeutic approaches in UC therapy, where immune checkpoint inhibitors have been revolutionizing the treatment of metastatic UC. Because of a better tumor molecular profiling, FGFR inhibitors, PARP inhibitors, anti-HER2 agents, and antibody drug conjugates targeting Nectin-4 are also emerging as new therapeutic options. Moreover, a wide number of trials is ongoing with the aim to evaluate several other alterations and pathways as new potential targets in metastatic UC. In this review, we will discuss the recent advances and highlight future directions of the medical treatment of UC, with a particular focus on recently published data and ongoing active and recruiting trials.
Extracellular Vesicles Enriched in hsa-miR-301a-3p and hsa-miR-1293 Dynamics in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma Patients: Potential Biomarkers of Metastatic Disease
Authors: Dias Francisca , Teixeira Ana Luísa , Nogueira Inês , Morais Mariana , Maia Joana , Bodo Cristian , Ferreira Marta , Silva Alexandra , Vilhena Manuela , Lobo João , Sequeira José Pedro , Maurício Joaquina , Oliveira Jorge , Kok Klaas , Costa-Silva Bruno , Medeiros Rui
Published: June 2020

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most aggressive subtype of kidney cancer and up to 40% of patients submitted to surgery with a curative intent will relapse. Thus, the aim of this study was to analyze the applicability of an Extracellular vesicle (EV) derived miRNA profile as potential prognosis biomarkers in ccRCC patients. We analyzed a nine-miRNA profile in plasma EVs from 32 ccRCC patients with localized disease (before and after surgery) and in 37 patients with metastatic disease. We observed that the levels of EV-derived hsa-miR-25-3p, hsa-miR-126-5p, hsa-miR-200c-3p, and hsa-miR-301a-3p decreased after surgery, whereas hsa-miR-1293 EV-levels increased. Furthermore, metastatic patients presented higher levels of hsa-miR-301a-3p and lower levels of hsa-miR-1293 when compared to patients with localized disease after surgery. Functional enrichment analysis of the targets of the four miRNAs that decreased after surgery resulted in an enrichment of terms related to cell cycle, proliferation, and metabolism, suggesting that EV-miRNA enrichment in the presence of the tumor could represent an epigenetic mechanism to sustain tumor development. Taken together, these results suggest that EVs content varies depending on the presence or absence of the disease and that an increase of EV-derived hsa-miR-301a-3p, and decrease of EV-derived hsa-miR-1293, may be potential biomarkers of metastatic ccRCC.