bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A PASSAGEM DA TOCHA OLÍMPICA: Ativação de Discursos Cidadãos-Consumidores
Authors: McGillivray David , Frew Matthew
Published: May 2019

O artigo começa com uma discussão sobre a evolução da passagem da tocha Olímpica, que culminou com os Jogos Olímpicos de Londres em 2012. A isto segue-se uma análise do poder empresarial e político que envolve os Jogos Olímpicos. Aqui, os valores do movimento Olímpico são contrastados com os movimentos dirigidos ao brandscaping das cidades-anfitriãs e das nações obrigadas pelos acordos contratuais estabelecidos, assim que lhes são garantidos os direitos de serem anfitriãs dos Jogos Olímpicos. Empiricamente, o artigo centra-se na parte escocesa da passagem da tocha Olímpica, um "evento" móvel que viajou pelo Reino Unido no verão de 2012. Através das lentes do projeto de investigação-ação #citizenrelay, a passagem da tocha olímpica é aberta ao escrutínio como um veículo para a ativação de marca, garantida e protegida pelo estado local a um custo significativo para as comunidades pelo país. Antes de tirar conclusões, discute-se o papel dos média cidadãos, que permitem comentários lúdicos, irónicos e, às vezes, provocativos sobre a extravagância dos Jogos Olímpicos. O artigo conclui argumentando que a passagem da tocha Olímpica promove a manifestação do espírito dos Jogos Olímpicos (a paz, a harmonia e a amizade), ao mesmo tempo que usa o seu alcance e popularidade para estender os tentáculos do brandscaping para edifícios, paisagens e espaços anteriormente protegidos contra os caprichos da mercantilização. As experiências concebidas institucionalmente são coreografadas para o benefício dos média nacionais e internacionais, deixando os cidadãos como espectadores passivos, que desempenham os papéis pré-concebidos de abanadores de bandeiras e apoiantes roucos de patrocinadores corporativos. No entanto, também sublinhamos a incompletude do nexo média-corporativo e enfatizamos o potencial dos média cidadãos para subverter as representações estabelecidas, permitindo um espaço participativo onde os média podem ser criados e distribuídos amplamente, em vez de consumidos passivamente. A normalização das relações de poder existentes entre os megaeventos desportivos e o comércio poderá ser ameaçada pelo peso de histórias produzidas localmente, digitalmente conectadas e compartilháveis.
Consumo da experiência e turismo contemporâneo: a campanha Can't Skip Portugal
Authors: Lima Patrícia de Souza Figueiredo
Published: May 2019

Com o objetivo de perceber as transformações nas práticas e discursos de consumo turístico contemporâneos, buscamos discutir neste artigo de que modo a publicidade realizada pelo Turismo de Portugal representa o país enquanto destino turístico em um filme publicitário da campanha online, lançada em 2017, voltada para os públicos internacionais, intitulada Can’t Skip Portugal. Buscamos perceber as estratégias contruídas e a alusão feita às emoções e à experiência enquanto objetos a serem consumidos pelos visitantes, a partir da articulação com considerações teóricas oriundas da Sociologia do Turismo e da Cultura a respeito da atividade turística e do “consumo da experiência” e da perspectiva dos Estudos Culturais.
Os museus do vinho em Portugal: comunicar o passado e compreender e (re)construir a herança cultural vitivinícola
Authors: Inácio Ana Isabel
Published: May 2019

Os museus do vinho são espaços de visitação, “guardiões” de memória e de discursos sobre o passado e o presente vitivinícola das regiões que representam. Mas são também lugares de integração e de interação entre a história, a identidade, espaços de seleção e exclusão, de memórias subjetivas e seletivas. Estes espaços assumem hoje a dupla função e responsabilidade: por um lado, de preservação, divulgação e (re)produção com rigor científico deste património, mas, por outro lado, comprometem-se em torná-lo lúdico, atrativo e pedagógico, adaptado aos públicos a que se destinam. São por isso agentes fundamentais na construção de uma “cultura do Vinho” nas regiões em que se inserem, que não deixa, porém, de ser seletiva. O número de museus vínicos na região do Douro tem crescido exponencialmente. Para um melhor entendimento da cultura do vinho nesta região e da Identidade que é promovida e valorizada através destes espaços, entendeu-se relevante o estudo dos espólios e respetivo discurso dos museus existentes, através da seleção de uma amostragem significativa destes núcleos. Objetivando-se assim com este estudo o entendimento e o contributo do papel destes museus vitivinícolas para a região do Douro. Da análise realizada pode concluir-se que existe alguma seletividade discursiva que valoriza “os notáveis” históricos da terra, cala muitas vezes clivagens sociais, expressa uma religiosidade vincada, evidencia o árduo trabalho da terra e que não raras vezes se centra nos aspetos técnicos de produção da uva e do vinho e na sua evolução. Muitos destes espaços são recentes e outros foram renovados, percebendo-se que a região reconhece e valoriza a sua existência. Constituem, ainda assim e claramente, uma mais valia para estes territórios do Douro, tanto na sua vertente de animação, como na dinamização e afirmação cultural e identitária que vai muito para além da herança vitivinícola da região. São espaços agregadores de um universo cultural que não se basta no vinho e que permite melhor conhecer a região em que se inserem e que valorizam.
Viajante do passado / turista de hoje: do encontro do outro à descoberta de si próprio
Authors: Escallier Christine
Published: May 2019

O facto turístico é um facto social total – com dimensões económicas, culturais, sociais, políticas – complexo e antigo. Começou, assim poderíamos dizer, quando o indivíduo se afastou da sua aldeia, da sua cidade, para dormir, pelo menos uma noite, num lugar que não lhe era familiar. Esta definição não faz, no entanto, a diferença entre o viajante especialista – explorador, aventureiro, missionário e filósofo dos séculos das Luzes, etnólogo, arqueólogo, escritor e pintor do século XIX – e o viajante lúdico, o turista do século XX. Este artigo trata das motivações de quem se desloca: encontro do outro, busca por si mesmo, procura de uma identidade. Através de citações literárias, procura-se conhecer como se viajava ao longo do tempo, a evolução do perfil do viajante e o que tenderia a se tornar no início do século XXI.
Entrevista com Carlos Alberto Steil. “O turismo não pode continuar sendo visto como um elemento externo às culturas”
Authors: Pinto Roque , Pinto-Coelho Zara
Published: May 2019

No quadro da edição deste volume intitulado “Discursos e Imagens do Turismo Cultural”, quisemos auscultar a opinião de investigadores das Ciências Sociais, sobre o estado da arte na área, no Brasil e em Portugal...
O QUE É “CENTRAL” NA EUROPA CENTRAL?
Authors: Bauman Zygmunt
Published: May 2019

Esta comunicação procura ligações entre a europa contemporânea e as suas experiências históricas de estados-nações, sobretudo no que diz respeito a “Ler o Outro”. Discutindo – e desafiando – as três principais dimensões europeias – geográfica, política e cultural – o autor salienta a missão/tarefa/meta-arte da Europa – ainda por concretizar por completo – de desenvolver a sua notável “capacidade de viver, permanente e beneficamente, com a diferença cultural: proveitosamente para todos lados, não apesar das suas diferenças, mas graças a elas”, bem como de “adquirir e partilhar a arte de aprender com os outros". Encontrando já tais capacidades no Império Romano, esta comunicação centra-se particularmente em dois estados europeus modernos, baseados no multiculturalismo e no multinacionalismo: a commomwealth polaco-lituana e o império austro-húngaro. Ambos são discutidos como experiências que devem tornar-se exemplos essenciais para a europa dos nossos dias.
COOPERAÇÃO TERRITORIAL EUROPEIA E CULTURA EM PORTUGAL
Authors: Veiga Francisco José , Carballo-Cruz Francisco , Veiga Linda Gonçalves
Published: May 2019

Neste artigo é efetuada uma análise dos programas de Cooperação Territorial Europeia (CTE), nomeadamente, na sua dimensão cultural, assim como da sua aplicação em Portugal nos dois últimos períodos de programação. Com o intuito de analisar o financiamento da cultura em Portugal através dos programas CTE, é efetuado um levantamento dos projetos da área da cultura financiados por estes programas nos períodos de programação 2000-2006 e 2007-2013. A análise em detalhe dos projetos culturais em que participaram entidades portuguesas é complementada com a identificação e discussão de um conjunto de aspetos qualitativos sobre os projetos e programas de CTE, a partir das experiências e perspetivas das entidades envolvidas nos mesmos em Portugal. Da análise efetuada são extraídas várias conclusões e recomendações de política cultural.
O ARQUIVO E A SOBREVIVÊNCIA DO DISCURSO: NOTAS SOBRE O CONCEITO DE “MUSEOLOGIA”
Authors: Pinto José Gomes , Pimenta Carlos
Published: May 2019

Procuramos tematizar o problema do arquivo como conceito constitutivo da possibilidade de se determinar o que é de valor patrimonial, museístico. Este conceito surge lançado sempre entre a disputa entre o sagrado e o profano, entre o novo e o velho, entre o que tem valor e dele é destituído. A partir destas aporias procuramos estabelecer as consequências que sobrevêm de se fazer esta curva reflexiva sobre determinados objectos patrimoniais. Esta tensa dialéctica é o que permite que certas obras culturais, quando aparecem como novas e profanas, que certas peças artísticas, por exemplo, entrem dentro das instituições museistícas, que certas peças literárias, entrem dentro da literatura, certas composições musicais, dentro da história da música, etc. Porque são enunciados que produzem sentido, que expressam a subjectividade e o mundo, o real.
Entre o social e biológico: Repensando a maternidade à luz das novas técnicas de reprodução assistida
Authors: Álvares Cláudia
Published: May 2019

Os progressos científicos na área das biotecnologias permitem uma crescente dissociação das componentes social e biológica da parentalidade, com o discurso médico a procurar enquadrar, na maior parte das vezes, o social no âmbito do biológico por forma a não pôr em causa definições consensuais de parentalidade, particularmente no que toca ao entendimento do conceito de ‘maternidade’. Este enquadramento do social no seio do biológico é visível no modo como as técnicas de procriação assistida são frequentemente descritas na imprensa como simulando um processo biológico ‘natural’, naturalidade essa que a patologia da infertilidade impede de tomar o seu livre curso. Este artigo pretende analisar os entendimentos diferenciados e por vezes contraditórios do conceito de maternidade que ressaltam da cobertura noticiosa da Procriação Medicamente Assistida por parte do Jornal Público nos anos 2008 e 2009. O corpus analítico demonstra que ao privilegiar o discurso médico na interpretação hegemónica dos riscos e benefícios dessas técnicas de reprodução, o Público veicula uma concepção da maternidade que privilegia claramente o biológico em detrimento do social: a transmissão de um património genético é tida como o factor mais importante no que toca à definição de maternidade, sendo que se sobrepõe à dimensão de ‘educar/criar um filho’.
O beijo subversivo que subverte a telinha
Authors: Montoro Tânia , Mendonça Maria Luiza
Published: May 2019

A ficção seriada televisiva, a telenovela, um gênero folhetinesco e com muito sucesso no Brasil, tem possibilitado uma autonomia para a indústria nacional do audiovisual, uma vez que a TV brasileira produz a maior parte da programação exibida em horário nobre (20 às 22 horas). Desde a década de 70, passou a exportar telenovelas para países dos cinco continentes incluindo latinos americanos e países socialistas. A persistência de elementos da cultura popular e a presença de elementos narrativos originários de formas reconhecidas, como a literatura de cordel, teatro de revista, as radionovelas e os romances modernos tem feito o sucesso da telenovela na cultura do cotidiano brasileiro e de outros países. Este artigo demostra, por meio da análise da circulação e consumo do audiovisual, dentro de uma perspectiva dos estudos culturais e estudos feministas e de gênero, as polemicas mediáticas com relação à representação de gênero particularmente da sexualidade na velhice feminina com a criação de tramas e personagens que assumem a homossexualidade, o lesbianismo, a bissexualidade e mesmo, ao deslocar conteúdos que pertenciam à esfera privada para o domínio público e operam também em sentido inverso, saturam o espaço público temas restritos à intimidade.
A NAÇÃO COMO RELIGIÃO
Authors: Abreu Luís Machado de
Published: May 2019

As formas originárias de organização social mostram a estreita interdependência entre sistemas políticos e sistemas religiosos. A pregnância religiosa atribuída ao fenómeno da nacionalidade insere-se nesse cenário de proximidade genealógica do político e do teológico. Os mitos fundadores com que as nacionalidades se legitimam e sacralizam são apenas uma das várias maneiras de conferir dimensão religiosa à realidade nacional. Sendo uma criação dos tempos modernos, o espírito nacional acompanha e difunde-se ao mesmo tempo que se intensifica o processo de secularização da sociedade ocidental. Assume, de modo paradoxal, o estatuto de “Deus da Modernidade” como já foi designado.
THE EFFECTS OF EXPOSURE DURATION TO ELECTRONIC CIGARETTE SMOKE ON DIFFERENCES IN SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE AND MALONDIALDEHYDE IN BLOOD OF WISTAR RATS
Authors: SURYADINATA RIVAN VIRLANDO , WIRJATMADI BAMBANG , ADRIANI MERRYANA , SUMARMI SRI
Published: May 2019

Objective: Exposure to electronic cigarette smoke causes an increase of free radicals. Physiologically, the body produces antioxidant superoxide dismutase to neutralize the free radicals. However, an excessive increase of the free radicals will result in an imbalance between the amount of free radicals and antioxidants. The free radicals in the body can trigger lipid peroxidation so that it will result in oxidative stress causing cell damage. Malondialdehyde increase is a marker of oxidative stress in the body. The aim of this research is to understand the changes and the relationship between levels of superoxide dismutase and malondialdehyde in the blood due to exposure to electronic cigarette smoke.

Methods: This research is an experimental study using male Wistar rats as experimental animal models. In the study, the exposure to electronic cigarette smoke with different duration of administration was carried out. Next, blood samples were taken to check the levels of superoxide dismutase and malondialdehyde.

Results: The results showed a difference in antioxidant levels between antioxidant Superoxide Dismutase and malondialdehyde (p<0.05). Meanwhile the relationship between the two groups showed a strong (r = 0.893) and significant (p = 0.000) relationship.

Conclusion: The exposure to electronic cigarette smoke can reduce the level of antioxidant superoxide dismutase and increase the level of malondialdehyde in blood. In addition, changes in the levels of antioxidant superoxide dismutase and malondialdehyde had a strong and significant relationship.
POSITIVE DEVIANCE GIZI PADA KELUARGA MISKIN DI DESA BARU, SAROLANGUN JAMBI
Authors: Merita Merita , Hesty Hesty
Published: May 2019

Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze the positive deviance of nutrition among poor families in Village’s Baru, Sarolangun, Jambi. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional study design. This research was conducted in April until August, 2016. The sampling technique in this research is total sampling. The samples is all mothers who have children under five (24-60 months) from poor families in Village’s Baru, Sarolangun Jambi as many as 86 mothers. Determination of nutritional status using indicators of Weight for Age, which refers to the standard Kemenkes RI. The data of positive deviance, family and characteristics, taken using a questionnaire tools. The data collected was analyzed by univariate. Results: Univariate analysis showed that the positive deviance of infant feeding practice habits (91,9%), toddler's care (86,0%), toddler's hygiene (69,8%), utilization of health services (89,5%) categorized was good. 

Keywords: Nutrition, Poor Families, Positive Deviance

Tujuan: Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis positive deviance gizi pada keluarga miskin di Desa Baru, Sarolangun Jambi. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional study. Penenilitan ini telah dilaksanakan pada April sampai Agustus 2016. Teknik penelitian adalah total sampling. Sampel penelitian  adalah semua ibu yang memiliki balita (24-60 bulan) berasal dari keluarga miskin di Desa Baru, Kabupaten Sarolangun, Jambi sebanyak 86 ibu. Pengukuran status gizi menggunakan indikator Berat Badan menurut Umur (BB/U) berdasarkan indikator Kemenkes RI. Data positive deviance gizi, karakteristik keluarga menggunakan instrumen kuesioner. Data yang telah terkumpul dilakukan analisis secara univariat. Hasil: Hasil analisis univariat menunjukkan bahwa positive deviance gizi kebiasaan pemberian makan (91,9%), pengasuhan balita (86,0%), kebersihan balita (69,8%), pemanfaatan fasilitas kesehatan (89,5%) tergolong baik.

Kata Kunci: Gizi, Keluarga Miskin, Positive Deviance
De la Norma al estado objetal: expresión y designación
Authors: Rycembel Boeira Marcus Paulo
Published: May 2019

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo central presentar una investigación analítica de los aspectos lógicos y lingüísticos de la norma jurídica. Por detrás de los enunciados normativos, se abre un horizonte semántico, del que extraemos proposiciones normativas. Tales modalidades de proposiciones desempeñan funciones lógico-veritativas específicas, constitutivas y condicionales para teoremas y axiomas integrantes de la lógica deóntica estándar. A partir de eso, se destaca el objeto designativo de las normas, a saber, el status objetal, el campo de orden designado por la lectura del enunciado y su correspondiente aptitud descriptivo-proposicional. Se busca, así, tejer un panorama de fondo sobre las conexiones lógicas y lingüísticas de las normas jurídicas como fuentes de proposiciones normativas, presentándose un mecanismo de conexión entre el lenguaje expresivo de las normas jurídicas y el lenguaje designativo del orden social.
Interpretación jurídica y derecho natural
Authors: Massini-Correas Carlos I.
Published: May 2019

Este breve artículo procura aportar con claridad y precisión, a quienes abordan el asunto de la interpretación jurídica, los conceptos centrales de la problemática, así como las nociones necesariamente supuestas por el fenómeno de la interpretación jurídica. Se inserta en el marco de una investigación de mayor alcance, en desarrollo.
Iatrogenic Hyperinsulinemia, Not Hyperglycemia, Drives Insulin Resistance in Type 1 Diabetes as Revealed by Comparison With GCK-MODY (MODY2)
Authors: Gregory Justin M. , Smith T. Jordan , Slaughter James C. , Mason Holly R. , Hughey Curtis C. , Smith Marta S. , Kandasamy Balamurugan , Greeley Siri Atma W. , Philipson Louis H. , Naylor Rochelle N. , Letourneau Lisa R. , Abumrad Naji N. , Cherrington Alan D. , Moore Daniel J.
Published: May 2019

Although insulin resistance consistently occurs with type 1 diabetes, its predominant driver is uncertain. We therefore determined the relative contributions of hyperglycemia and iatrogenic hyperinsulinemia to insulin resistance using hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamps in three participant groups (n = 10/group) with differing insulinemia and glycemia: healthy control subjects (euinsulinemia and euglycemia), glucokinase–maturity-onset diabetes of the young (GCK-MODY; euinsulinemia and hyperglycemia), and type 1 diabetes (hyperinsulinemia and hyperglycemia matching GCK-MODY). We assessed the contribution of hyperglycemia by comparing insulin sensitivity in control and GCK-MODY and the contribution of hyperinsulinemia by comparing GCK-MODY and type 1 diabetes. Hemoglobin A1c was normal in control subjects and similarly elevated for type 1 diabetes and GCK-MODY. Basal insulin levels in control subjects and GCK-MODY were nearly equal but were 2.5-fold higher in type 1 diabetes. Low-dose insulin infusion suppressed endogenous glucose production similarly in all groups and suppressed nonesterified fatty acids similarly between control subjects and GCK-MODY, but to a lesser extent for type 1 diabetes. High-dose insulin infusion stimulated glucose disposal similarly in control subjects and GCK-MODY but was 29% and 22% less effective in type 1 diabetes, respectively. Multivariable linear regression showed that insulinemia—but not glycemia—was significantly associated with muscle insulin sensitivity. These data suggest that iatrogenic hyperinsulinemia predominates in driving insulin resistance in type 1 diabetes.
Retrospective Comparison of Appropriate Statin Use Between Patients With Diabetes in the Primary Care Setting Managed by Pharmacists or Internal Medicine Providers
Authors: Huff Jamie M. , Falter Rebecca A. , Scheinberg Nataliya
Published: May 2019

Objective.

The purpose of this study was to compare statin prescribing practices according to the American Diabetes Association’s Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2017 between diabetes patients managed by pharmacists versus those managed by internal medicine providers.

Design and methods.

A retrospective observational study was completed using the electronic health record of a multispecialty private practice. A total of 176 patients were included in the study, with 88 each in the pharmacy and internal medicine groups. Patients were ≥40 years of age with diabetes and managed by an internal medicine provider or a pharmacist between January and December 2017. Descriptive statistics, χ2, and unpaired t tests were used to describe between-group differences.

Results.

More pharmacy than internal medicine patients were prescribed appropriate statin therapy (47.7 vs. 34.1%, P = 0.092), particularly those needing high-intensity statins (44.3 vs. 27.4%, P = 0.03). Females, patients 40–75 years of age, and patients with no history of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in the pharmacy group were more likely to receive appropriate treatment (37.5 vs. 15.0%, P = 0.022; 46.8 vs. 29.7%, P = 0.039; and 45.3 vs. 23.5%, P = 0.015, respectively). Overall, more males than females were prescribed appropriate statin therapy (53.1 vs. 26.3%, P = 0.001).

Conclusion.

Although there were no overall significant differences in statin prescribing between the pharmacy and internal medicine groups, patients needing high-intensity statins, those who were female, and those who were younger were more likely to receive appropriate therapy when managed by a pharmacist. Appropriate statin prescribing remains low among diabetes patients, and optimization of this therapy should be prioritized.
Findings From a National Diabetes Survey: Highlighting Progress and Opportunities for Diabetes Prevention and Care
Authors: Kirkman M. Sue , Tuncer Diane , Brown Catherine E.
Published: May 2019

The National Diabetes Education Program (NDEP) implemented periodic deployment of the NDEP National Diabetes Survey (NNDS) in 2006 to collect data on diabetes-related knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors among U.S. adults with diabetes and on risk-reduction attitudes and behaviors among people at risk for type 2 diabetes. Because of similarities in the nationally representative samples of the past three surveys, trends between 2011 and 2016 can be assessed. We present key findings of the 2016 NNDS, focusing on areas of interest to diabetes educators. The 2016 NNDS identified both progress and gaps. Eighty-nine percent of people with diabetes are aware of the A1C test, and disparities by race and ethnicity are narrowing. Awareness of the link between cardiovascular disease and diabetes has plateaued at 75% of respondents. Most people with diabetes do not feel comfortable managing hyper- or hypoglycemia (65 and 60%, respectively), and 60–69% report some level of diabetes distress. Among people without diabetes, awareness of personal risk of type 2 diabetes has increased from 30% in 2011 to 45% in 2016. A diagnosis of prediabetes significantly increases awareness of personal risk of diabetes (65% of people with prediabetes vs. 45% of those at risk), likelihood of receiving counseling about reducing risk (45 vs. 11%), and likelihood of taking action to reduce risk (71 vs. 52%). However, 33% of people without diabetes report not planning to take action to lower their risk of type 2 diabetes. The 2016 NNDS results suggest that outreach and educational efforts have increased knowledge about diabetes and diabetes risk, but also point to the need for more education and support for people with diabetes and those at risk.
“Citizen Science”? Rethinking Science and Public Participation
Authors: Strasser Bruno J. , Baudry Jérôme , Mahr Dana , Sanchez Gabriela , Tancoigne Elise
Published: May 2019

Since the late twentieth century,  “citizen science” has become an increasingly fashionable label for a growing number of participatory research activities. This paper situates the origins and rise of the term “citizen science” and contextualises “citizen science” within the broader history of public participation in science. It analyses critically the current promises — democratisation, education, discoveries — emerging within the “citizen science” discourse and offers a new framework to better understand the diversity of epistemic practices involved in these participatory projects. Finally, it maps a number of historical, political, and social questions for future research in the critical studies of “citizen science”.
Modes and Existences in Citizen Science
Authors: Mazel-Cabasse Charlotte Julie
Published: May 2019

In the Bay Area of San Francisco, the earthquake contours are not easy to define: seismology is still a relatively recent science, and controversies around methods to evaluate the earthquake risk are constant. In this context, the invitation to think about the modes of citizen science is an opportunity to reflect on the modality of hybridized scientific practices as well as the process by which the plurality and complexity of the earthquake characteristics can be articulated, and sometime reconciled. Looking at different existences of the earthquake risk, the paper investigates different assemblages that question the clear-cut distinction between citizen science and science. I’ll situate the question of the mode of citizen science within the larger framework of interdisciplinarity knowledge infrastructures and the work on ‘mode of existence’ initiated by Bruno Latour and Isabelle Stengers (2009). Expanding our understanding with regard to how CS is performed opens the possibility of reconsidering the specific types of assemblages and infrastructures from which these modes emerge and on their distinct trajectories. It is also an invitation to make visible the integration processes, the communities, and the imaginations that “make” science.
Yardım Davranışlarının Schadenfreude, Benlik Saygısı ve Benlik Tehdit Algısı Bakımından İncelenmesi
Authors: ERZİ Seda
Published: May 2019

Bu
çalışmanın amacı schadenfreude, sempati, benlik saygısının yardım davranışı
bakımından incelenmesidir. Örneklem 179 kadın, 56 erkek olmak üzere 235 lisans
öğrencisinden oluşmaktadır (M=20.21).
Benlik kıyaslaması ve hedef kişinin başına gelen kötü olaydaki sorumluluğu
farklı senaryolar kullanılarak manipüle edilmiştir. Katılımcılar 4 farklı
manipülasyon grubuna seçkisiz olarak atanmışlardır. Bu gruplar: yüksek başarıyüksek
sorumluluk, yüksek başarı düşük sorumluluk, düşük başarı düşük sorumluluk,
düşük başarı yüksek sorumluluk grupları olarak ayrılmaktadır.  Yardım davranışı sorumluluk senaryosu ile
bağıntılı olan bir soruyla ölçülmüştür. Bulgulara göre, yardım davranışının,
schadenfreude ve sempati duyguları bakımından anlamlı düzeyde yordandığı
görülmüştür. Bununla birlikte yardım etmeyi seçen ve seçmeyen katılımcılar
arasında schadenfreude ve sempati duygusu bakımından anlamlı düzeyde farklılık
bulunmuştur. Yapılan korelasyon analizi neticesinde schadenfreude, benlik
kıyaslaması, benlik saygısı ve sempati arasında anlamlı ilişki bulunmuş; ancak
yardım miktarı ile diğer değişkenler arasında anlamlı düzeyde ilişki
bulunmamıştır. Bulgular ilgili literatür ışığında tartışılmıştır.
Öğretmenlerde Örgütsel Bağlılığın Çeşitli Değişkenler Açısından İncelenmesi: Bir Meta-Analiz Çalışması
Authors: TÜMKAYA Songül , ULUM Hakan
Published: May 2019

Bu
araştırmada cinsiyet, medeni durum ve branş değişkenlerinin, öğretmenlerin
örgütsel bağlılığı üzerindeki etkisinin meta-analiz yöntemiyle birleştirilmesi
amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmalardan hangilerinin meta analize dâhil edileceğine ilişkin
belirli ölçütler kullanılmıştır. Bu ölçütler şunlardır: 2009-2017 yılları
arasında yapılan çalışmalar olması; cinsiyet, medeni durum, branş
değişkenlerinin en az birisi üzerinde istatistiksel bulgu elde edilen tarama
çalışmalar olması, Allen ve Meyer (1990)’ in örgütsel bağlılık
sınıflandırmasını (duygusal bağlılık, devam bağlılığı ve normatif bağlılık)
dikkate alan çalışmalar olması, örneklem grubunun öğretmenlerden oluşması ve
Türkiye’de yapılan çalışmalar olmasıdır. Bu araştırmada 23 çalışma meta analize
dahil edilmiştir. Bütün araştırmalarda aynı değişkenler ele alınmadığı için
cinsiyet, medeni durum ve branş değişkenleri için meta analize dâhil eden
çalışma sayısı farklıdır. Genel etkinin hesaplanması için öncelikle yayın
yanlılığı istatistiğine bakılmış, heterojenlik testi yapılmış, uzman görüşüne
başvurulmuş ve sonuçlarına göre sabit etki modeli veya rastgele etkiler
modeline göre analiz sonuçları değerlendirilmiştir. Etkisi araştırılan
değişkenlerden cinsiyet [duygusal bağlılık alt boyutu için (ED=-0.114),
devam bağlılığı alt boyutu için (ED=-0.072), normatif bağlılık alt boyutu için
(ED=-0.153)], medeni durum [duygusal bağlılık alt boyutu için (ED=-0.111),
devam bağlılığı alt boyutu için (ED=-0.069), normatif bağlılık alt boyutu için
(ED=-0.109) ],branş [duygusal bağlılık alt boyutu için (ED=-0.197), devam bağlılığı alt
boyutu için (ED=-0.073), normatif bağlılık alt boyutu için (ED=-0.202)],
öğretmenlerin örgütsel bağlılıkları üzerinde önemsiz düzeyde etkilidir.
Araştırmada cinsiyetin örgütsel bağlılığın duygusal bağlılık, devam bağlılığı
ve normatif bağlılık boyutlarında erkek öğretmenlerin kadın öğretmenlere göre
daha fazla duygusal bağlılık yaşadığı sonucuna, medeni durum değişkeninde
örgütsel bağlılığın duygusal bağlılık, devam bağlılığı ve normatif bağlılık
boyutlarında bekar öğretmenlerin evli öğretmenlere göre daha fazla duygusal
bağlılık yaşadığı sonucuna ve branş değişkeninde örgütsel bağlılığın duygusal
bağlılık, devam bağlılığı ve normatif bağlılık boyutlarında sınıf
öğretmenlerinin branş öğretmenlerine göre daha fazla duygusal bağlılık
sergilediği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Bir Fransızca Öğretmeni Yetiştirme Modeli: Makedonya Örneği
Authors: AYDIN Barış
Published: May 2019

Bu çalışmada
Türkiye’deki ve Makedonya’daki Fransızca öğretmeni yetiştirme modellerinin
karşılaştırılması ve bu karşılaştırma sonucunda modellerin değerlendirilmesi
amaçlanmıştır. Birbirinden oldukça farklı iki öğretmen yetiştirme modeli olan
Hacettepe Üniversitesi Fransız Dili Eğitimi Anabilim Dalı lisans programı ile
Aziz Kiril ve Metodiy Üniversitesi Fransızca Öğretmenliği lisans programları
nicelik ve nitelik açısından karşılaştırılmış, elde edilen veriler yorumlanmıştır.
Her iki ülkede Fransızcanın yabancı dil olarak yeri, öğretmen yetiştirme
sistemi ve öğretim programlarının içeriği konularına odaklanan bu
karşılaştırmalı çalışmanın sonucunda ulaşılan verilere göre, Türkiye modelinde
Fransızca öğretmeni özellikle meslek bilgisi ve genel kültür açısından daha
donanımlı olarak mezun olmaktadır. Meslek bilgisi derslerinin nicelik ve
nitelik olarak çok sınırlı kaldığı Makedonya örneğinde, Fransızca öğretmeni
adaylarının ağırlıklı olarak dil ve edebiyat içeriğine sahip alan derslerini
aldıkları ve meslek bilgisi açısından Türkiye’deki meslektaş adaylarından
geride kaldıkları gözlenmiştir. Buna karşılık Fransızca dil düzeyi olarak
genelde Türk öğrencilerin ilerisinde başladıkları eğitimlerini meslek bilgisi
açısından geride tamamlayan Makedon öğrenciler, ülkedeki Fransızca derslerinin
Türkiye ile karşılaştırıldığında yüksek kabul edilebilecek oranıyla devlet
okullarında daha fazla istihdam şansı elde edebilmektedirler.
Uyarlanabilir Eğitsel Web Ortamlarının Öğrencilerin Akademik Başarılarına ve Motivasyonlarına Etkisi
Authors: CANAN GÜNGÖREN Özlem
Published: May 2019

Bu çalışmanın amacı uyarlanabilir olan, uyarlanabilir
olmayan ve yüz yüze öğrenme etkinlikleri ile desteklenmiş uyarlanabilir web
temelli öğrenme ortamlarının, öğrencilerin başarıları ve motivasyonları
üzerindeki etkilerinin farklı olup olmadığını belirlemektir. Araştırmada iki
faktörlü 3x2’lik faktöriyel desen kullanılmıştır. Araştırma deseninin birinci
faktörü deneysel işlemleri içeren öğrenme ortamı (uyarlamaların bulunduğu web
temelli öğrenme ortamı, uyarlamaların bulunmadığı web temelli öğrenme ortamı ve
yüzyüze öğrenme etkinlikleri ile desteklenmiş uyarlamaların olduğu web temelli
ortamı), ikinci faktörü ise öntest ve sontest ölçümlerini içeren ve başarının
değişimini ortaya koyan tekrarlı ölçümlerdir. Araştırmanın bağımlı değişkenleri
başarı ve motivasyondur. Araştırma 2013-2014 öğretim yılı bahar döneminde
Sakarya Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Sınıf Öğretmenliği, İlköğretim Matematik
Öğretmenliği ve Fen Bilgisi Öğretmenliği bölümlerinin 2. sınıfında öğrenim
görmekte olan ve Temel Bilgi Teknolojisi Kullanımı dersini alan 72 öğrenci ile
yürütülmüştür. Elde edilen bulgulara göre yüzyüze öğrenme etkinlikleri ile desteklenmiş
uyarlamaların olduğu web temelli ortamdaki başarı anlamlı olarak daha
yüksektir.
Farklı öğrenme ortamlarındaki öğrencilerin ürünlerinin incelenmesi
sonucunda kullanılan ortam türlerinin öğrencilerin rubrik başarı puanlarını
etkilemediği ortaya konmuştur. Ayrıca kullanılan öğrenme ortamlarına göre
öğrencilerin motivasyonları arasında farklılık olmadığı tespit edilmiştir.
LINGUISTIK HISTORIS KOMPARATIF DALAM REKONSTRUKSI BAHASA MANDAILING
Authors: Rahmawati Rahmawati
Published: May 2019

Linguistik Komparatif Historis adalah cabang linguistik yang meneliti perkembangan bahasa dari satu waktu ke waktu yang lain, mengamati cara-cara perubahan bahasa, dan meneliti penyebab perubahan bahasa. tugas utama linguistik komparatif adalah menganalisis dan memberikan penjelasan tentang sifat perubahan bahasa. Secara umum, sifat bahasa yang pertama memiliki struktur (dimensi sinkronis) dan kedua bahasa selalu mengalami perubahan (dimensi diakronis). Linguistik Historis Komparatif dalam Bahasa Mandailing meliputi Rekonstruksi Morfem, netralisasi, reduplikasi, bentuk infleksi, rekonstruksi atas morfem dan penerapan rekonstruksi. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Linguistik Historis Komparatif Dalam Bahasa Mandailing. Alat yang digunakan dalam pengumpulan data adalah wawancara. Rekonstruksi dalam bahasa mandailing terdiri dari adanya alomorf, netralisasi, reduplikasi, dan infleksi. Rekonstruksi di atas morfem terjadinya rekonstruksi dari kata *aso dan *aen. Penerapan rekonstruksi terdapat contoh kata *babah dan *igung. Kata kunci: Linguistik Komparatif Historis, Rekonstruksi, Bahasa Mandailing
ANALISIS KESALAHAN SINTAKSIS DALAM TEKS LAPORAN HASIL OBSERVASI SISWA KELAS VII SMP NEGERI 17 MEDAN TAHUN PEMBELAJARAN 2017/2018
Authors: Utomo Priyo , Lubis Fitriani
Published: May 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan mendeskripsikan (1) jenis-jenis kesalahan penggunaan kalimat (2) penyebab terjadinya kesalahan penggunaan kalimat (3) solusi terhadap kesalahan penggunaan kalimat. Hasil penelitian, yaitu (1) kesalahan sintaksis berupa penggunaan kalimat dari 36 teks terdapat sejumlah 66 kalimat yang mengandung kesalahan sintaksis penggunaan kalimat. Rincian kesalahan tersebut yaitu, kalimat tidak bersubjek, kalimat tidak berpredikat, kalimat tidak lengkap, antara predikat dan objek yang tersisipi, penghilangan konjungsi, penggunaan konjungsi yang berlebihan, penggunaan istilah asing, dan penggunaan kata tanya yang tidak perlu (2) faktor penyebab kesalahan sintaksis berupa penggunaan kalimat dalam teks laporan hasil observasi siswa meliputi: terpengaruhnya bahasa yanglebih dahulu dikuasainya, kekurangpahaman pemakai bahasa terhadap bahasa yang dipakainya, dan  pengajaran bahasa yang kurang tepat atau kurang sempurna. (3) upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk mengurangi kesalahan sintaksis berupa penggunaan kalimat yaitu: member contoh terlebih dahulu, meningkatkan penguasaan komptensi kaidah penulisan kalimat, memperbanyak latihan menulis, memberikan waktu yang cukup kepada siswa, dan menerapkan teknik koreksi yang tepat. Kata Kunci: analisis kesalahan, sintaksis, dan teks laporan hasil observasi
THE EFFECT OF THREE FOLD MODEL OF ROLE PLAY TECHNIQUE IN SPEAKING NARRATIVE TEXT
Authors: Maya Dwi , Siregar Masitowarni
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACT The objective of the study was to investigate the use of Three Fold of role play significantly affected students’ speaking competence. This study was conducted by using experimental design. The population was all students of grade XI of SMA PAB 8 SAENTIS with the total number of the students was 120 students. There were 60 students taken as the sample by using cluster random sampling. The students were divided into two groups namely  experimental and control groups. The experimental group was taught by using three fold model of role play while the control group was taught without using three fold of role play. The instrument for collecting data was in the form of oral test. The mean score of post test in experimental group (68,13) is higher than the control group (59,1). The score of experimental group showed that the students’ achievement increases significantly. Dealing the data above, it was found that the use of three fold model of role play affects students’ competence on speaking.   Keywords: three fold model, role play, narrative text, speaking
IMPROVING THE STUDENTS’ ACHIEVEMENT IN WRITING PROCEDURE TEXT THROUGH NUMBERED HEADS TOGETHER TECHNIQUE
Authors: Ramini Evi , Gintings Elia Masa
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACT This study attempts to improve students’ achievement in writing procedure text through Numbered Heads Together Technique. This study was conducted by using classroom action research. The subject of the research was class IX/A SMP SWASTA UPMI MEDAN that consisted of 30 students. The research was conducted in two cycles and the first cycle consisted of four meetings and the second cycle consisted of two meetings. The instruments of collecting data were quantitative data (Writing Test) and Qualitative data (diary notes, observation sheet, interview and questionnaire sheet). Based on the writing test score, students’ score kept improving in every test. In the test I the mean was 67,6, in the test II the mean was 74.5 and the test III the mean was 86.56. Based on observation sheet and questionnaire sheet, it was found that teaching learning process ran well. Students were active and interest in writing. The result of the research showed that NHT can improve students’ achievement in writing procedure text. Key Words: Writing, Procedure Text, Number Heads Together
IMRPOVING STUDENTS’ ACHIEVEMENT IN WRITING ANALYTICAL EXPOSITION TEXT THROUGH GUIDED WRITING TECHNIQUE
Authors: Sagala Handayani , Bachtiar Bachtiar
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACT   This study concerns on improving students’ achievement in writing analytical exposition text through guided writing technique. This research was conducted by using action research method. The subject of the study was class XI IA-1 students of SMA Negeri 17 Medan, which consisted of 36 students. The research was conducted in two cycles, which each cycle consisted of three treatments. The instruments for collecting data were quantitative data (analytical exposition writing assessment) and qualitative data (diary notes, interview sheet, observation sheet, and questionnaire sheet). Based on the students’ scores, students’ writing skill kept improving in every assessment given. The mean of the students’ score for the first competence as orientation test was 68, 12, the second competence test was 71,93, the third competence test was 79,87, and the total percentage of the improvement from the first competence test to the third competence test was 93,7%. Based on diary notes, observation sheet, questionnaire sheet, and interview report, it was found that the teaching-learning process ran well. The students were active, interested, and enthusiastic in writing. The results indicated that Guided Writing Technique improved the students’ writing achievement in analytical exposition text.   Keywords: students’ achievement, writing, analytical exposition text, guided writing technique
IMPROVING STUDENTS’ READING COMPREHENSION THROUGH DIRECTED READING THINKING ACTIVITY
Authors: Ismayani Ismayani , Meisuri Meisuri
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACT This thesis focuses on the process of improving students’ reading comprehension through Directed Reading Thinking Activity. The objective was to discover the significant improvement of students’ reading comprehension if the students were taught by using Directed Reading Thinking Activity. The subjects of the study were Grade XI- IA 1 students State Senior High School ( Sekolah Menengah Atas Negeri: SMAN 2 Kisaran). There were thirty four students, consisting of eighteen girls and sixteen boys. They were taught with Directed Reading Thinking Activity. The instruments for data collection were reading assessment, diary notes, interview and observation. The techniques of data analysis applied were quantitative and qualitative. In analyzing the data, the students were given three reading assesments namely, Assessment I, Assessment II, and Assessment III. The mean of the students’ score for the first reading assessment as Assessment I was 50.09, the second reading assessment to the third was 69.68%, and the third reading assessment as Assessment III was 80. 32. The total percentage of the improvement from the first reading assessment to the third was 75.53%. The conclusion is that the application of Directed Reading Thinking Activity can improve students’ reading comprehension. The qualitative data shows that the students were enthusiastic and interested in reading comprehension. It is suggested that teachers should apply Directed Reading Thinking Activity as one of the strategies in improving students’ reading comprehension.   Key Words: Reading Comprehension, Directed Reading Thinking Activity (DRTA)
THE EFFECT OF APPLYING BRAINSTORMING TECHNIQUE ON THE STUDENTS’ ACHIEVEMENT IN WRITING DESCRIPTIVE PARAGRAPH
Authors: Fransisca Mirna , Zainuddin Zainuddin
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACT This study aims at investigating the effect of applying Brainstorming Technique on the students’ achievement in writing descriptive paragraph. The population of this study was  the Grade 8 students of of SMP Negeri 3 Aek Kuo, Labuhan Batu Utara. There were 8 classes which contained around 240 students. 2 classes out of eight classes were randomly taken as the sample of the research. The sample was divided into two groups. The first group (30 students) as the experimental group, while the rest (30 students) as the control group. The experimental group was taught by applying Brainstorming Technique., and the Control Group was taught by using Conventional Technique. The instrument for collecting the data was essay test. To obtain the reliability of the test, the writer used the inter-rater formula. The result of the study showed that the reliability of the test was 0.55. The data were analyzed by using t-test formula. The analysis showed that the scores of the students of the experimental group were significantly higher than the scores of the students in the control group at the level significance 0.5 with the degree of freedom (df) 58 the  is 4,650. while the  is 1,671.  Therefore, the hypothesis  is accepted. It means that that Brainstorming Technique significantly affects the students’ achievement in writing descriptive paragraph.   Key words: Brainstorming, Writing, Descriptive Paragraph
IMPROVING THE STUDENTS’ VOCABULARY ACHIEVEMENT BY USING PICTURES
Authors: Siddiqa Ammatunnur , Saragih Amrin
Published: May 2019

This study attempts to increase students’ vocabulary achievement by using pictures. This study is conducted by using Classroom Action Research. This study was conducted as the first grade students of SMP Nurul Hasannah Medan. One class from four classes was selected as the subject of this research. The number of the subject of the reseearch was 38 students. The class taught by using interview sheet and observation sheet. The quantitative data were collected by giving multiple choice tests counting the mean of the students. The result of the research shows that the mean of the second cycle (77.29%) is higher than the mean of the first cycle(72.71%) and pre test (67.14%). Based on the observation sheet, interview sheet, questionnaire sheet and diary notes, the students were more active and enthusiastic during the teaching and learning process in the second cycle than in the first cycle. Key Words:  Vocabulary, Pictures
Improving Grade XI Students’ Writing Achievement in Analytical Exposition through Collaborative Writing Strategy
Authors: Sidauruk Sri Lestari , Arifin Tina Mariany
Published: May 2019

This study was focused on the improvement of Grade XI students’ writing achievement in analytical exposition through the application of collaborative writing strategy. The objective of this study was to find out whether collaborative writing strategy could improve Grade XI students’ writing achievement in analytical exposition text. The study was conducted by using Classroom Action Research (CAR). The subjects of this study were students of Grade XI Class 2 of State Senior High School (Sekolah Menengah Atas Negeri: SMAN) 4 Pematangsiantar consisting of 32 students. The study was implemented in two cycles and each cycle consisted of three meetings. The instruments of data collection consisted of quantitative and qualitative data. The quantitative data were taken from students’ written test and the qualitative data were taken from the interview, diary notes, observation sheet, and questionnaire. Based on the analytical exposition writing result, students’ score was 57.9. In the test of Cycle I, the mean score was 67, and in the test of Cycle II was 78.3. Based on the observation sheet, it was found that the teaching-learning process well done. The students were active and curious in writing. In line with the data, it was found that collaborative writing strategy can improve Grade XI students’ writing achievement in analytical exposition text. Keywords: Classroom Action Research, Analytical Exposition, Collaborative Writing Strategy.
IMPROVING STUDENTS’ ACHIEVEMENT IN WRITING RECOUNT TEXT THROUGH FOCUS GROUP DISCUSSION ( FGD )
Authors: Sasmita Wenny , Gurning Busmin
Published: May 2019

This study deals with the improvement of students’ writing achievement through focus group discussion method. The objective of this study is to find out whether students’ writing achievement will be improved through focus group discussion method. This study was conducted by using classroom action research. The subject of this research was class VIII-4 SMPN. 2 Tanjung Pura. The number of the students was 36 students which consist of 18 male students and 18 female students. The research was conducted in two cycles. Each cycle consisted three meetings. The instrument for collecting the data were quantitative data (writing test ) and qualitative data ( observation sheet, interview and field note). Based on the analysis, students’ achievement kept improving in every test. Key Words : Writing, Recount, Focus Group Discussion