bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kemampuan Komunikasi Matematis Siswa Dalam Menyelesaikan Soal PISA Konten Space And Shape
Authors: Kholil Mohammad , Putra Eric Dwi
Published: February 2021

Abstrak

Komunikasi matematis merupakan salah satu hal penting dalam menyelesaikan masalah pada studi PISA. Komunikasi matematis adalah kemampuan mengekspresikan ide-ide matematika secara koheren kepada teman, guru, dan lainnya melalui bahasa lisan maupun tulisan yang disertai dengan penjelasan dan justifikasi. Karena pentingnya kemampuan komunikasi yang dimiliki oleh siswa, maka muncul gagasan untuk menganalisis tingkat kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal PISA konten space dan shape. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal PISA konten space and shape. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa 1) siswa dengan kemampuan matematika tinggi memiliki kemampuan komunikasi matematis sangat baik dengan hampir memenuhi seluruh indikator; 2) siswa yang memiliki kemampuan matematika sedang memiliki komunikasi matematis baik dengan memenuhi indikator hingga dapat menjelaskan suatu permasalahan dengan baik.

Kata Kunci: komunikasi matematis, Soal PISA, space and shape

 

Abstract

Mathematical communication is one of the important things in solving problems on the PISA study. Mathematical communication is the ability to express mathematical ideas coherently to friends, teachers, and others through spoken and written language accompanied by explanations and justifications. Because of the importance of communication skills possessed by students, then the idea arises to analyze the level of mathematical communication skills of students in solving PISA questions of space and shape content. The purpose of this study is to describe the mathematical communication skills of students in solving PISA questions on space and shape content. This research uses a qualitative approach, with descriptive research type. The results of this study indicate that 1) students with high mathematical abilities have excellent mathematical communication skills with almost all the indicators; 2) students who have mathematical abilities are having good mathematical communication by meeting the indicators so that they can explain a problem well.

Keyword: Mathematical communication, PISA question, space and shape
Analisis Penalaran Adaptif Siswa dalam Memecahkan Masalah Matematika Berdasarkan Adversity Quotient (AQ)
Authors: Saniyyah Fatati , Winiati Illah
Published: February 2021

Penalaran adaptif merupakan salah satu keterampilan matematika yang perlu dikuasai siswa dalam pembelajaran di sekolah. Jika siswa memiliki penalaran adaptif yang baik, maka siswa lebih mudah dalam memecahkan masalah matematika. Dalam memecahkan masalah matematika, setiap siswa mempunyai respon yang berbeda-beda. Respon tersebut dinamakan Adversity Quotient (AQ). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan penalaran adaptif siswa dalam memecahkan masalah matematika berdasarkan AQ. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan subjek penelitian sebanyak enam siswa. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan meliputi pemberian angket ARP (Adversity Response Profile) untuk mengelompokkan siswa berdasarkan tipe AQ, tes penalaran adaptif (TPA) untuk mengetahui penalaran adaptif siswa dalam memecahkan masalah matematika dan wawancara untuk memperoleh informasi yang lebih jelas terkait penalaran adaptif siswa. Adapun proses analisis data yang digunakan meliputi reduksi data, penyajian data dan  penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam memecahkan masalah matematika, siswa dengan AQ quitter hanya mampu memenuhi satu indikator penalaran adaptif yaitu menyusun dugaan. Siswa dengan AQ camper mampu memenuhi empat indikator penalaran adaptif yaitu menyusun dugaan, merencanakan dan menyelesaikan masalah matematika, menilai kebenaran jawaban dari suatu permasalahan serta memberikan jawaban dengan penarikan kesimpulan. Sedangkan siswa dengan AQ climber mampu memenuhi semua indikator penalaran adaptif, yaitu menyusun dugaan, merencanakan dan menyelesaikan masalah matematika, memberikan penjelasan terkait prosedur yang digunakan, menilai kebenaran jawaban dari suatu permasalahan serta memberikan jawaban dengan penarikan kesimpulan.

 

 

Mathematical problems that they must solve. This is because mathematical representation is a form of expression of ideas displayed by students in various forms in certain situations in an effort to find solutions to the problems faced. The lack of students' understanding of the questions given is most likely due to students who are not able to use mathematical representation correctly. This research is a descriptive study with a qualitative approach that aims to describe the mathematical representation of junior high school students, especially students with high ability in solving math problems. The subject of this research is one of the eighth grade students of SMP 10 November Sidoarjo selected based on a mathematical ability test. The results of the data description show that in solving problems, students with high mathematical abilities tend to use visual representations, make mathematical equations or mathematical expressions, and answer problems by using written words or text with the results of solving problems mostly correct.
Application of ethyltrimethylammonium hydroxide (ETMAH) as an alternative developer solution/process for semiconductor lithography
Authors: Santillan Julius Joseph , Harumoto Masahiko , Motono Tomohiro , dos Santos Andreia Figueiredo , Mori Chisayo , Tanaka Yuji , Stokes Harold , Asai Masaya , Itani Toshiro
Published: February 2021

Investigations were made on the application of aqueous ethyltrimethylammonium hydroxide (ETMAH) as an alternative developer solution (compared to the de facto standard aqueous tetramethylammonium hydroxide or TMAH) for mainstream lithographic technologies; extreme ultraviolet (EUV), ArF immersion (ArFi), KrF, and i-line. Results show that for EUV, ETMAH at a specific developer concentration allows mitigation of resist-based stochastic defects while maintaining lithographic performance. It was also found that the ETMAH developer solution is compatible with the ArFi, KrF, and i-line lithography (ultimate resolution and line width roughness was maintained). For EUV, ArFi, and KrF lithography which utilizes chemical amplification resist (CAR) material platforms, sensitivity remained constant. For i-line lithography, sensitivity was observed to decrease by roughly 25%–30% when ETMAH was utilized, attributed to the different dissolution mechanism of the novolac-based resist compared to CAR. Nevertheless, these results show the viability of ETMAH as an alternative developer solution for mainstream semiconductor lithography.
Basic Mining Geotechnical Training in Mining Geology Department Vocational School (SMK) Aviation Techno Makassar
Authors: Anwar Habibie , Munir Abd. Salam
Published: February 2021

The main target of the Lembaga Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (LPkM) UMI program for SMK Penerbang Techno Terapan is to prepare early for the ability of the students of the Mining Geology Department to be able to starter Mining Geotechnics before entering the world of work, this is related to the Geology and Mining fields in the learning process teaching in high schools. The problems experienced by partners are limitations in knowledge regarding Mining Geotechnics, especially in open mines and underground mines, with this training, it can indirectly teach students to interpret Geotechnical data in the field and assist in working neatly, planned and effective every time, so that the expected result is to facilitate knowledge and improve the quality of students in learning Mining Geotechnical training.

Abstrak

Program Lembaga Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (LPkM) UMI kepada mitra SMK Penerbang Techno Terapan Makassar adalah mempersiapkan secara dini kemampuan para taruna-taruni Jurusan Geologi Pertambangan agar dapat menguasai Geoteknik Tambang sebelum memasuki dunia kerja, hal ini terkait dengan bidang Geologi dan Pertambangan dalam proses belajar mengajar di sekolah. Permasalahan yang dialami oleh mitra yaitu keterbatasan dalam ilmu pengetahuan berkenaan Geoteknik Tambang terutama pada tambang terbuka dan tambang bawah tanah, dengan adanya pelatihan ini, secara tidak langsung dapat mengajarkan kepada taruna-taruni untuk menginterpretasikan data Geoteknik yang ada dilapangan dan membantu dalam bekerja secara rapi, terencana dan efektif setiap waktu, sehingga  hasil yang diharapkan adalah memperlancar ilmu pengetahuan dan peningkatan kualitas para taruna-taruni dalam mempelajari dan menguasai pelatihan Geoteknik Tambang.
ASSOCIATION OF DIABETES IN PREGNANCY WITH THYROID DYSFUNCTION AND AUTOIMMUNITY
Authors: Kanojia Ekta , Mendiratta Suman Lata , Sarbhai Vineeta
Published: February 2021

PURPOSE This study was undertaken to find out the proportion of women with diabetes in pregnancy complicated by thyroid dysfunction compared to non-diabetic pregnant women. To find out the association, if any, of thyroid dysfunction and anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO) antibodies during pregnancy with type1 diabetes mellitus, type 2 diabetes mellitus, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and non-diabetic pregnant women.
METHODS A cross-sectional observational study was conducted in a tertiary care teaching hospital in New Delhi, India, for a period of one year. 100 women with diabetes in pregnancy and 100 non-diabetic pregnant women were recruited from the ante-natal clinic. The women were evaluated for thyroid dysfunction, thyroid autoimmunity and were managed according to the hospital’s protocols. The relevant data were recorded and statistical analysis was done.
RESULTS 24% of women with diabetes in pregnancy and 8% of non-diabetic women had hypothyroidism. Subclinical hypothyroidism was most prevalent in women with GDM (15.25%) and overt hypothyroidism was most prevalent in women with type 1 DM (28.57%). Mean serum TSH levels were highest in women with type 1 DM. Positive anti-TPO antibodies were significantly associated with diabetes in pregnancy compared to non-diabetic women (p=0.02). Amongst women with diabetes in pregnancy, positive anti-TPO antibodies were significantly associated with type 1 DM (p<0.01)
CONCLUSIONS Thyroid disorders are commonly associated with diabetes in pregnancy. The study findings suggest routine screening for thyroid abnormalities in diabetic pregnant women.
PREVALENCE AND PREDICTORS OF ALCOHOL USE AMONG ADULT FEMALES RESIDING IN A RURAL AREA OF RANCHI, JHARKHAND: A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: Shikha Swati , Kashyap Vivek
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Alcoholic beverages have been a part of social life since ages in the western countries. While alcohol abuse is a problem universally it has not left India untouched. Not only men but also women have included alcohol as a part of their social habit. Aims and objectives: This study aims to find out the prevalence of alcohol use among women residing in rural field practice area of Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi and to find out the factors leading to initiation and consumption of alcohol. Methodology: This was a cross sectional study done in rural field practice area, ormanjhi of RIMS, Ranchi for a duration of 28 months (from September 2016 to November 2018). The sample size came out to be 336. Templates for data entry were generated in Microsoft office Excel sheet and analysis was done using SPSS 20.0. Results: After analysis of 336 females, it was found that 188 out of 336 (55.95%) of the study subjects are above the age of 40 years, approximately half of them were Hindu (50.9%) and about 46.1% of the study subjects were illiterate. The prevalence of alcohol use among females was found to be 56 out of 336 (16.7%) and 48 out of 336 (14.3%) are current users of alcohol. Among alcoholics custom (39.29%) was the reason for initiation of alcohol, followed by amusement (25%). Total of 24 out of 56 (42.85%) alcoholic women said family member was the reason for their initiation of alcoholic drink. Addiction to alcohol consumption was strongly associated with age group of study subjects. Elderly women were more common consumers of alcohol. Conclusion: we conclude that about 14.3% of women are current consumers of alcohol.
AN IN VITRO COMPARISON OF ANTIMICROBIAL EFFICACY OF TRIPLE ANTIBIOTIC PASTE, CALCIUM HYDROXIDE AND ACACIA NILOTICA (BABBULA) AGAINST ENTEROCOCCUS FAECALIS, STREPTOCOCCUS MUTANS AND CANDIDA ALBICANS AS INTRACANAL MEDICAMENTS.
Authors: Sayoo Sumarlangki , N. Shubhashini , B. Geeta I. , S Bindu
Published: February 2021

Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the antimicrobial efficacy of Triple antibiotic paste (TAP), Calcium hydroxide and Acacia nilotica (A. nilotica) (Babbula) against Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis), Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) and Candida albicans (C. albicans) as intracanal medicaments.
Materials and methods: The triple antibiotic paste mixture of (metronidazole, ciprofloxacin and minocycline), calcium hydroxide, Acacia nilotica (Babbula) were weighed and mixed with polyethylene glycol and agar well diffusion method was employed to study the antimicrobial efficiency against Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans
Results: All the intracanal medicaments showed zone of inhibition against Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans. Among all intracanal medicaments used in the study Triple antibiotic paste produced maximum zone of inhibition followed by Babbula and least by Calcium hydroxide.
Conclusions: Triple antibiotic paste showed the best antimicrobial efficacy followed by Babbula and least by Calcium hydroxide against Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans. More phytochemical studies need to be done. Further evaluation of concentrated extracts of Acacia nilotica (Babbula) could yield better results.
David DeGrazia on Animal Rights: A Critical Analysis
Authors: Pełka Michał
Published: February 2021

The article aims to critically discuss the theory of animal rights developed by American social philosopher David DeGrazia. It consists of two parts. The first one describes the main elements of DeGrazia’s approach, namely his views on animal minds, the principle of equal consideration, the idea of unequal moral status, the concept of border persons, and practical remarks concerning improving the treatment of animals by humans. The second part presents remarks about the points where DeGrazia’s proposals should be supplemented and corrected so as to make them more convincing and widely accepted. The conclusion of the essay is the proposal of a cultural revolution for the benefit of animals, which should be initiated by famous people, like actresses, actors, sportswomen and sportsmen, because of their influential position in contemporary societies.
On an Interpreter’s Game with the Legal Text and Extratextual Factors
in the Derivative Concept of Legal Interpretation
Authors: Jabłoński Paweł , Kaczmarek Przemysław
Published: February 2021

The aim of this paper is to show the derivative concept of legal interpretation from the point of view of the structure of limits of the juridical power. This structure includes the politico-legal culture, the legal text, the juridical culture, and personal factors, such as ethical and aesthetic judgements.

These days, the derivative concept is the most influential Polish theory of legal interpretation. According to this concept the process of interpreting the law is a kind of a game between the legal text and extratextual factors, which are treated as extratextual limits of juridical power. On the one hand, the legal text does not determine the full meaning of the law, although it has great importance for it. On the other hand, the derivative concept precisely identifies certain others factors that are relevant for the content of law.
Aplikasi Wisata Kabupaten Sragen Berbasis Android
Authors: Wahyuningsih Hartati Dyah , Utomo Widyo Ari , Sanjaya Barradita
Published: February 2021

Dalam penelitian ini membahas tentang informasi wisata yang ada di Kabupaten Sragen dengan total luas wilayah 941.55 KM2. Kabupaten Sragen juga sering disebut sebagai “Tlatah Sukowati”. Kurangnya informasi wisata yang ada yang sebagian belum banyak di expose oleh media cetak dan elektronik oleh sebab itu wisatawan yang ingin berkunjung ke Kabupaten Sragen akan sedikit kebingungan dalam mencari informasi wisata yang ada. Tujuan penelitian merancang dan membangun Aplikasi Wisata Kabupaten Sragen Berbasis Android, dengan mengunakan metode waterfall. Perancangan sistem menggunakan bahasa pemrograman java dan PHP versi 5.6.8, Android Studio versi 2.2.3, UML, database MySQL versi 5.6.21. Hasil dari aplikasi wisata kabupaten Sragen diharapkan dapat memberikan solusi bagi para wisatawan  dengan memanfaatkan integrasi GPS (Global Positioning System), serta layanan petunjuk jalan dari Google Map yang menghasilkan informasi  seputar wisata yang di tampilkan pada aplikasi wisata sragen atau hanya ingin sekedar melihat informasi wisata yang ada.
Aplikasi Perhitungan Zakat Berbasis Android di Badan Amil Zakat Nasional (Baznas) Kabupaten Karanganyar
Authors: Pamungkas Anton Respati , Kristono Kristono , Setiarso Eko Budi
Published: February 2021

Badan Amil Zakat Nasional (BAZNAS) Kabupaten Karanganyar dalam mengumpulkan zakat dari masyarakat membentuk Unit Pengumpul Zakat (UPZ) dan juru pungut. Permasalahan yang dihadapi adalahkesalahan dalam proses perhitungan zakat  dan pembayaran zakat mealui UPZ maupun juru pungut tidak bisa dilakukan setiap saat karena keterbatasan jam kerja. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut dilakukan penelitian yang bertujuan untuk melayani pembayaran zakat yang dilakukan kapan saja oleh Muzzaki setiap saat tanpa batasan jam kerja dari UPZ dan juru pungut. Aplikasi Perhitungan Zakat berbasis Android ini dirancang menggunakan Android Studioversi 2.3.3 sebagai tool pengembangan perangkat lunak (Development Tool). Metode pengembangan sistem menggunakan Waterfall Metodedengan 5 langkah analisis, yaitu (1) reqruiment definition, (2) system and software design, (3) implementation and unit testing, (4) integration and system testing, (5) operation and maintenance. Penelitian ini menghasilkan Aplikasi Perhitungan Zakat Berbasis Android di BAZNAS Kabupaten Karanganyar. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa aplikasi dapat memberikan kemudahan bagi Muzzakiuntuk menghitung dan membayar zakat kapan saja tanpa batasan waktu jam kerja dari UPZ dan juru pungut, serta tidak terjadi kesalahan penghitungan.
Aplikasi Sistem Informasi Geografis Pariwisata Kabupaten Karanganyar Berbasis Android
Authors: Sutariyani Sutariyani , Rachmatullah Robby , Prasetyowati Nur Eka
Published: February 2021

Kabupaten Karanganyar terletak di lereng Gunung Lawu di sisi barat, atau disebelah timur kota Solo atau Surakarta. Dengan keindahan alamnya, Kabupaten Karanganyar memiliki potensi pengembangan pariwisata yang sangat tinggi, terutama di bidang alam dan sejenisnya. Potensi wisata yang dimiliki Kabupaten Karanganyar sangat disayangkan jika tidak didukung dengan penyediaan layanan informasi wisata tentang jalur yang harus dilewati. Dengan banyaknya smartphone yang saat ini berkembang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk meningkatkan jumlah kunjungan wisata. Penyediaan layanan informasi wisata yang baik terutama di Kabupaten Karanganyar akan memberikan dampak pada peningkatan jumlah kunjungan wisatawan yang berpengaruh pula pada industri wisata lain dan sektor-sektor yang terkait. Sistem informasi geografis Kabupaten Karanganyar nantinya akan memberikan informasi dalam bentuk peta objek wisata sehingga pengguna dapat dengan mudah menemukan rute berupa lokasi dan estimasi jarak dan waktu ke objek wisata yang dituju. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi dan dokumentasi. Adapun analisis datanya dengan menggunakan analisis PIECES. Aplikasi ini mampu memberikan informasi posisi pengguna dan menampilkan lokasi wisata dimana pengguna berada pada saat itu dan dapat diakses oleh siapa saja tanpa perlu login. Aplikasi juga dapat menampilkan estimasi jarak dan waktu tempuh antara pengguna dengan lokasi objek wisata.
Sistem Kendali Kecepatan dan On/Off Penyejuk Ruangan Berbasis Esp8266 Nodemcu V3
Authors: Nugroho Agung , Wahyuningsih Hartati Dyah , Widarti Erni , Satriawan Muhammad Rakha
Published: February 2021

Penggunaan internet telah merambah ke semua bidang kehidupan, salah satunya adalah dalam bidang kendali atau kontrol jarak jauh. Keuntungan kendali jarak jauh melalui jaringan internet mempunyai beberapa kelebihan, yaitu tidak dipengaruhi oleh jarak dan waktu. Semua hal dapat dikendalikan melalui internet. Dan  Umumnya Penyejuk Ruangan di dalam rumah dihidupkan atau dimatikan secara manual dengan menekan tombol atau remot. Dengan adanya teknologi yang berkembang saat ini membuat manusia ingin melakukan sesuatunya dengan mudah. Dengan menggunakan Teknologi Internet of Thing (IoT). Pengguna dapat mengontrol peralatan listrik dan sebagai contoh adalah penyejuk ruangan dapat di kontrol menggunakan modul kontrol melalui jaringan internet. dengan smartphone android yang digunakan sebagai remot kontrol, smartphone yang menggunakan sistem operasi android dan menggunakan aplikasi Blynk. Dengan menggunakan NodeMCU V3, mikrokontroller dan relay kita dapat membuat alat yang bisa mengendalikan peralatan listrik yang terhubung dengan internet agar praktis dalam pengoperasian karna tidak membutuhkan banyak remot untuk peralatan listrik.
HYMES’ S.P.E.A.K.I.N.G ANALYSIS ON THE EXPRESSIONS USED IN KABASARAN DANCE
Authors: Taramen Angela Isabella
Published: February 2021

This study was conducted for the following purposes, firstly, identifying the elements of S.P.E.A.K.I.N.G analysis that is found in Kabasaran Dance, secondly, identifying verbal and non-verbal expressions used in Kabasaran Dance and the last is explaining the meaning of those expressions. And it was delimited to Kabasaran dance which used Tombulu language. In conducting this research, descriptive method was used, since the matter of fact that the data are collected in the form of words. This research is classified as a qualitative research, since the data were collected in the form of words, sentences, and expressions, not numbers. The subject of this research is Kabasaran Dance. Specifically, about the expressions that is used by dancers of Kabasaran Dance. The informant was taken from Wailan Village, and the status of the informat is leader of Sanggar Seni Mahsambureyrey Organization. Based on the research conducted in the expressions used in Kabasaran Dance, the data could be concluded that the expressions used in Kabasaran Dance consists of twenty four words, which is each word has a different meaning and it is mostly refers to the commands given by leader of Kabasaran dance. Through this data presented above, it can be improve the reader’s knowledge about Kabasaran Dance. It was suggested that language learners especially the students, should understand the object and the data source to analyze communication utterance using S.P.E.A.K.I.N.G analysis by Dell Hymes. Keywords: Dell Hymes; S.P.E.A.K.I.N.G; Expressions Kabasaran dance.
A PORTRAIT OF A PRINCES IN SOCIETY IN MORTON’S DIANA: HER TRUE STORY – IN HER OWN WORDS (A BIOGRAPHICAL ANALYSIS)
Authors: Mangolo Sagita K.
Published: February 2021

The purpose of this research is to reveal about Princess Diana’s role in society in Andrew Morton Diana: Her True Story – In Her Own Words. This research is classified as a qualitative research. The data gathered are in the form of words as well as quotation. The writer collects the data from two kinds of sources namely primary source and secondary. The primary data source was taken from the Biography book Diana: Her True Story – In Her Own Words by Andrew Morton. And the secondary source is other material that supports the analysis, such as website. The result of this study shows the role of Princess Diana in society. Diana as a Princess actives in humanitarian activities, she was always seen visit and entertain AIDS sufferers, leprosy and other diseases, she also actively visited homeless people in shelters, she was active in supporting human welfare, and actively raised funds and formed charities to help people who need help. The one thing that Diana had done that shocked the world at the time was when she broke the stigma about Aids, that touching or shaking hands with people with Aids would get infected, but Diana shook their hands and even sat close and comforted them.Humanitarian, Princess, Lady Diana, Biographical Approach.
Equity Market Structure Regulation: Time to Start Over
Authors: Mahoney Paul
Published: February 2021

Over the past half-century, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)’s regulations have become key determinants of the way in which stocks trade and the fees that exchanges charge for their services. The current equity market structure rules are contained primarily in the SEC’s Regulation NMS. The theory behind Regulation NMS is that a system of dispersed markets operating pursuant to SEC-mandated information and order routing links will provide the benefits of consolidation and competition simultaneously.

This article argues that Regulation NMS has failed in that quest. It has produced fragmented markets and created questionable incentives for market participants, possibly producing socially excessive investments in trading speed and secrecy. It also discourages exchange innovation, provides insufficient incentives for traders to price orders aggressively, requires brokers to act against their customers’ interests, and forces the SEC to act as a price regulator.

The article contends that the SEC should replace Regulation NMS with three simple design principles—issuer choice, exchange autonomy, and regulatory consistency. These would allow market forces, rather than regulatory mandates, to determine the design and pricing of trading platforms and the trading strategies of broker-dealers. They would better align the private incentives of trading platforms with the social objectives of improving liquidity and price discovery.
DES MODES ALGORITHMIQUES D’ANALYSE DES DÉCISIONS DE JUSTICE, POUR QUOI FAIRE ?
Authors: SAYN ISABELLE
Published: February 2021

Le développement de l’offre commerciale d’outils d’aide à la décision à destination des professionnels du droit concerne notamment des outils parfois qualifiés, à tort, de justice « prédictive ». Ces dispositifs proposent de fournir des informations agrégées tirées d’une masse plus ou moins bien définie de décisions de justice rendues pas les juridictions du fond, essentiellement, du moins pour l’instant, des décisions d’appel.

Ces outils vont-ils modifier la manière de rendre la justice et en quoi ? Pour l’heure, on ne peut que proposer des prémices de réponses à cette question. Mais la façon de désigner ces outils postule les usages qui leurs sont associés. Revenir sur les différents vocables utilisés permet déjà un premier tour d’horizon de ces différents usages (1). Au-delà, pour comprendre ces usages, sans doute faut-il distinguer selon que ces outils seront mobilisés par les parties, par leurs conseils ou par des magistrats, en fonction de leurs rôles respectifs dans le traitement des différends (2). Enfin, s’agissant des seuls magistrats, on doit s’interroger sur la compatibilité de ces outils avec les principes fondamentaux du fonctionnement de la justice. Cette problématique n’est pas nouvelle et rejoint celle de l’usage d’outils plus traditionnels d’aide à la décision que sont les référentiels, barèmes ou autres lignes directrices (3), mais l’émergence de ces techniques renouvelle le débat.
Aktivitas Antibakteri Daun Pepaya (Carica Pepaya) Menggunakan Pelarut Etanol Terhadap Bakteri Escherichia Coli
Authors:   Akademi Farmasi Surabaya, Jawa Timur, Indonesia, Sudarwati Tri Puji Lestari , Suryandari Mercyska ,   Akademi Farmasi Surabaya, Jawa Timur, Indonesia
Published: February 2021

Isolasi zat aktif dari herba menimbulkan pandangan baru bahwa tiap herba memiliki zat aktif (satu atau lebih). Carica papaya L memiliki zat aktif yang berhasil diisolasi, zat – zat tersebut dapat menggantikan pemakaian herba untuk tujuan pengobatan. Escherichia coli merupakan bakteri yang banyak terdapat di usus besar (colon) manusia dan sebagai flora normal colon, sifat Escherichia coli dapat menyebabkan infeksi primer pada usus besar sehingga menyebabkan penyakit diare. Sampel yang digunakan adalah Daun Pepaya tua berwarna hijau tua yang diperoleh dari UPT Materia Medika Batu. Dicuci bersih kemudian dikeringkan, kemudian dihaluskan dengan cara diblender. Proses ekstraksi menggunakan metode maserasi. Pengujian dilakukan dengan menggunakan 5 konsentrasi dan kontrol negatif. Metode pengujian antibakteri yang digunakan adalah difusi kertas cakram. Diameter zona hambat pada tiap konsentrasi dianalisis menggunakan statistik menggunakan uji ANOVA. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian dengan melakukan replikasi sebanyak 6 kali pada konsentrasi 20 µ g/mL dengan rata – rata 7,25 mm, 40 µ g/mL dengan rata – rata 7,43 mm, 60µ g/mL dengan rata – rata 7,7 mm, 80 µ g/mL dengan rata – rata 7,8 dan 100 µ g/mL dengan rata – rata 7,9 mm dengan kategori sedang. Dapat dikatakan terdapat pengaruh aktivitas antibakteri pada Daun Pepaya (Carica papaya L) dengan bakteri Escherichia coli maka, semakin tinggi konsentrasi maka daya hambat yang dihasilkan semakin tinggi.
Uji Aktivitas Fibrinolisis Ekstrak Alkaloid Total Rimpang Lengkuas Merah (Alpinia Purpurata (Vielli) K.Schum) Secara In Vitro
Authors:   STIKES Rumah Sakit Anwar Medika, Rohmah Martina Kurnia , Fickri Djelang Zainuddin ,   STIKES Rumah Sakit Anwar Medika, Kasifa Wahyu ,   STIKES Rumah Sakit Anwar Medika, Wahyuni Khurin In ,   STIKES Rumah Sakit Anwar Medika
Published: February 2021

Ketidakseimbangan hemostasis akan meningkatan agregasi trombosit, hiperkoagulasi, dan penurunan aktivitas fibrinolisis yang menyebabkan terbentuknya sumbatan (trombus) pada pembuluh darah. Adanya gangguan tersebut menyebabkan akan menimbulkan sejumlah penyakit seperti Ateroskelrosis, Infark miokard, Iskemia, Stroke dan Diabetes Tipe II. Terapi yang selama ini digunakan diantaranya Streptokinase dan Nattokinase yang memiliki efek samping berupa Perdarahan, sehingga diperlukan penelitian untuk mencari agen fibrinolisis dari bahan alam. Alkaloid merupakan salah satu senyawa yang memiliki aktivitas sebagai fibrinolisis yang menghambat TNF-α agar tidak terjadi sekresi PAI-1 yang menghambat plasminogen sehingga menjadi plasmin yang dapat mendegradasi fibrin. Salah satu tanaman yang memiliki kandungan senyawa alkaloid yaitu rimpang lengkuas merah (Alpinia purpurata (Velli) K.Schum). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan dan pengaruh persen fibrinolisis pada pemberian ekstrak alkaloid total Rimpang Lengkuas Merah pada konsentrasi 0,1 mg/ml, 0,5 mg/ml, 1 mg/ml. jenis penelitian ini menggunakan experimental control study dengan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) pada 25 subjek secara in vitro. Penelitian ini terbagi menjadi tiga tahap. Tahap pertama ekstraksi dan pemisahan alkaloid total Rimpang Lengkuas Merah didapatkan sebanyak 4,2%. Tahap kedua uji fitokimia dengan parameter yang diuji alkaloid positif dan sedangkan flavonoid, tannin dan saponin negatif. Tahap ketiga pengujian aktivitas fibrinolisis dengan banyaknya persen lisis bekuan (fibrinolisis). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan (p=0,017<0,05) antar kelompok kontrol (Kontrol positif dan negatif) dengan kelompok perlakuan (Alkaloid total ekstrak Rimpang Lengkuas Merah konsentrasi 0,1 mg/ml, 0,5 mg/ml dan 1 mg/ml). Pemberian alkaloid total ekstrak Rimpang Lengkuas Merah memiliki pengaruh (Fhitung =5,180 > Ftabel) dan terdapat hubungan cukup kuat (r=0,473) antar konsentrasi perlakuan terhadap persen fibrinolisis. Aktivitas fibrinolisis yang maksimal terjadi pada konsentrasi 1 mg/ml ekstrak alkaloid total Rimpang lengkuas merah.
Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Herba Apu-Apu (Pistia Stratiotes) Terhadap Staphylococcus Aureus
Authors:   Univeritas Jember, Dianasari Dewi ,   Univeritas Jember, Iftitah Maulidya Barikatul
Published: February 2021

S. aureus merupakan salah satu bakteri gram positif yang dapat menyebabkan infeksi bernanah, infeksi kulit ataupun infeksi serius seperti mastitis, pneumonia dan infeksi saluran kencing. Penemuan senyawa aktif baru berasal dari tumbuhan merupakan potensi alternatif sebagai agen antibakteri. Salah satunya ialah tanaman dengan famili Araceae dari genus Pistia yaitu Pistia stratiotes atau yang biasa dikenal dengan sebutan apu-apu. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk membuktikan secara ilmiah adanya aktivitas antibakteri dari ekstrak etanol herba apu-apu (Pistia stratiotes) terhadap Staphylococcus aureus. Uji antibakteri dengan metode difusi cakram dilakukan pada 6 kelompok, yaitu 4 kelompok perlakuan ekstrak etanol herba apu-apu dengan berbagai konsentrasi (10%; 20%; 30%; dan 40%), satu kelompok uji berisi kontrol negatif yaitu DMSO 10%, dan satu kelompok uji lainnya berisi kontrol positif yaitu gentamisin cakram 10µg. Aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol herba apu-apu (Pistia stratiotes) terhadap S. aureus dari yang tinggi ke rendah secara berurutan adalah konsentrasi 40%, konsentrasi 30%, konsentrasi 20%, konsentrasi 10% dengan nilai diameter zona hambat berturut-turut sebesar 9,0 mm ± 0,30; 8,1 mm ±0,20; 7,4 mm ± 0,33; dan 6,5 mm ±0,17. Berdasarakan hasil penelitian, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak etanol herba apu-apu pada konsentrasi 10%; 20%; 30%; dan 40% memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap S. aureus.
Uji Aktifitas Antikoagulan Ekstrak Alkaloid Total Daun Alpukat (Persea americana Mill) Secara In Vitro
Authors:   STIKES Rumah Sakit Anwar Medika, Rohmah Martina Kurnia , Fickri Djelang Zainuddin ,   STIKES Rumah Sakit Anwar Medika, Damasari Karina Putri ,   STIKES Rumah Sakit Anwar Medika, Azis Rosidi ,   Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Blitar, Wahyuni Khurin In ,   STIKES Rumah Sakit Anwar Medika
Published: February 2021

Sistem hemostasis yang tidak seimbang akan menyebabkan kelainan patologis. Kelainan patologis yang dapat terjadi yaitu perdarahan spontan karena darah tidak dapat membeku, atau terbentuknya trombus jika koagulasi berlebihan. Salah satu obat yang digunakan untuk mengatasi kelainan tersebut adalah penggunaan obat antikoagulan. Alkaloid diketahui memiliki aktivitasabtikoagulan dengan menghambat jalur koagulasi secara ekstrinsik dan intrinsik melalui penghambatan produksi Fxa, trombin dan menghambat TNF-λ yang diinduksi oleh PAI-1. Daun alpukat memiliki sejumlah kandungan alkaloid yang belum banyak diketahui efek farmakologisnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peranan alkaloid total ekstrak Daun Alpukat (Persea americana Mill) sebagai antikoagulan. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian experimental control study dengan menggunakan kontrol positif (darah + heparin) dan kontrol negatif (darah + etanol). Alkaloid yang telah dipisahkan dari ekstrak etanol daun alpukat dibuat larutan dengan 3 varian kosentrasi yaitu 0,1 mg/ml, 0,5 mg/ml dan 1 mg/ml. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan cara melihat nilai persen (%) inhibisi koagulasi yang dilihat dari nilai CT dengan metode Lee and White. Hasil analisis statistik dengan SPSS dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa data berdistribusi tidak normal (Shapiro Wilk, P < 0,05) dan ada beda dengan kontrol positif dan negatif ( Kruskal Wallis P = 0,009). Dari hasil analisis uji pengaruh menunjukkan bahwa pemberian alkaloid total ekstrak daun alpukat dengan kosentrasi 0,1 mg/ml, 0,5 mg/ml dan 1mg/ml memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap % inhibisi koagulasi yang ditunjukkan dengan nilai Fhitung = 6,694 (Fhitung > Ftabel) dan P = 0,019 (P < 0,05). Hasil uji korelasi menunjukan bahwa hubungan antar kosentrasi bernilai positif namun hubungan tersebut dalam kategori lemah yang ditunjukan dalam nilai koefisien korelasi 0,145 dan signifikansi sebesar 0,303. Penelitian ini telah menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak alkaloid total daun alpukat memiliki pengaruh terhadap aktivitas antikoagulan.
PENGARUH INFLASI TERHADAP PEMBIAYAAN USAHA MIKRO KECIL MENENGAH (UMKM) TAHUN 2015-2016 DI BPRS AL-MASOEM
Authors: Laelasari Wulan
Published: February 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis pengaruh inflasi terhadap pembiayaan UMKM di BPRS Al-Masoem. Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menganalisis laporan terkait dengan inflasi serta pembiayaan UMKM periode 2015 sampai 2016. Model analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi sederhana. Pengujian hipotesis secara  parsial dilakukan dengan menggunakan sofware SPSS 17.Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa, inflasi memiliki pengaruh negative tidak signifikan terhadap pembiayaan UMKM. Dengan  diperoleh  pengaruh koefisien variable inflasi terhadap pembiayaan UMKM sebesar 20%.
Flow Induced Vibration of Cantilever Tapered Pipes Transporting Fluid
Authors: Gaith Mohamed
Published: February 2021

A cantilevered tapered slender pipe conveying an incompressible, inviscid fluid of one material is not a conserved system. For certain large fluid velocity, the pipe with uniform cross section would go unstable via flutter Hopf bifurcation. In this paper, the flow induced vibration for cantilever tapering pipe transporting a fluid is presented. Euler Bernoulli and Hamilton’s theories are applied to develop the mathematical model which will be solved using well known Galerkan’s procedure. The effect of smooth tapering of the circular cross sectional area, flow velocity and pipe to fluid mass fraction on the complex natural frequencies and stability will be investigated.
APLIKASI SISTEM PAKAR PENGOPERASIAN DAN TROUBLESHOOTING PADA MESIN HEIDELBERG GTO V 52
Authors: Sagala Pahlawan , Dharmayana Muluk
Published: February 2021

Industri percetakan dengan nilai aset yang sangat tinggi dan biaya perawatan yang tidak sedikit membutuhkan tenaga ahli yang menguasai teknik cetak serta perawatan mesin yang memadai. Kurangnya pendidikan dan pelatihan di bidang percetakan, khususnya dalam teknik cetak grafika menjadi salah satu masalah bagi karyawan untuk mengoperasikan dan menyelesaikan permasalahan mesin cetak pada teknik cetak grafika.

Penelitian ini memberikan solusi sistem pembelajaran dengan menggunakan sistem pakar yang bertujuan untuk memecahkan masalah penggunaan mesin cetak offset Heidelberg bagi operator. Software yang dibangun dengan basis website menyajikan solusi yang tepat, akurat, efesien dan menunjukan langkah-langkah operasionalnya sehingga dapat mempermudah operator dan menghemat waktu perbaikan.
SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN MEMILIH JURUSAN DI PERGURUAN TINGGI MENGGUNAKAN METODE ANALYTICAL HIERARCHY PROCESS (AHP)
Authors: Gunawan Hendra
Published: February 2021

Banyaknya perguruan tinggi swasta di Jawa Barat khususnya Kota Bandung dan sekitarnya yang membuka berbagai jurusan yang ditawarkan kepada masyarakat dengan berbagai informasi yang menarik, baik itu dari segi biaya maupun prospek setelah lulus dari perguruan tinggi tersebut. Hal tersebut membuat calon mahasiswa bingung mau memilih jurusan dan kampus mana yang cocok dan tepat.

Dari Permasalahan tersebut muncul sebuah gagasan untuk membangun sebuah sistem pendukung keputusan memilih jurusan yang dapat membantu calon mahasiswa dalam memilih jurusan di perguruan tinggi. Sistem ini menggunakan Metode AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) untuk membantu perhitungan pendukung keputusannya, serta menggunakan bahasa pemrograman PHP dan MySQL untuk implementasinya.

Hasil penelitian ini berupa Aplikasi Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Memilih Jurusan di Perguruan Tinggi dengan Metode Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) yang memudahkan bagian calon mahasiswa untuk memilih jurusan yang sesuai harapan.
PRINCIPLES OF HORMONE REPLACEMENT THERAPY IN WOMEN DURING MENOPAUSE
Authors: Karpenko V. G. , Ilchenko Viktoriia Aleksandrovna
Published: February 2021

One of the most pressing problems is the onset of menopause in the women over the age of 45 and the development of menopausal syndrome. Because a large number of women with severe menopausal symptoms does not receive adequate therapy and applies for the alternative ineffective ways to alleviate the condition, they should be informed about preventive measures and treatment of this syndrome. The paper describes in details the disorders that occur during menopause. Particular attention is paid to the examination of such women, the study of complaints related to the nervous and cardiovascular systems, urogenital tract, metabolic processes. In addition to the general examination, special methods are used as follows: ultrasound, cytological examination of secretions from the surface of the cervix, cervical canal. If necessary, in women with cyclic bleeding, an endometrial biopsy is performed with a biopsy. In recent years, hormone replacement therapy has been widely used to treat menopausal syndrome as the most effective way to prevent disorders (osteoporosis, atrophy of the urogenital tract, etc.). The purpose of its implementation is to maintain the function of hormone−producing organs in a normal state, reduce the expression of symptoms, prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. Treatment is usually performed on an outpatient basis. Only natural estrogens are used, which are chemically similar to those synthesized in the female body. In order to prevent the development of hyperplastic processes in the endometrium, the women are prescribed with progestins in a cyclic or continuous mode from several months to several years. Hormone replacement therapy will help a woman to avoid the negative effects of estrogen deficiency on the body, maintain bone density and cardiovascular health, as well as improve overall quality of life.

Key words: menopause, menopausal syndrome, vascular disorders, hormone replacement therapy.
RELATIONSHIP OF MATERNAL VITAMIN B12 STATUS IN PREGNANCY WITH PRETERM BIRTH AND MATERNAL HEALTH RISKS
Authors: SPASOVA VICTORIA LAZAROVA , KOLEVA LILIA IVANOVA , POPOVA MARIETA ANTONOVA , PETKOVA VALENTINA BOYANOVA , DIMITROV MILEN VENTZISLAVOV
Published: February 2021

Vitamin B12 is known to be vital for cell growth and population during pregnancy. This retrospective and prospective case−control study was aimed to disclose a health risk for pregnant women with vitamin B12 deficiency, as well as the one of the preterm birth. The main tasks set and performed in this research were as follows: to compare the obstetrics anamnesis between the women who gave birth on term and women who gave birth before term; to find the prevalence of vitamin B12 insufficiency in pregnancy; to determine its association with preterm birth and low birth weight; to examine its association with spontaneous abortions, and to investigate its relationship with obesity and hemoglobin levels in pregnant women. The conducted investigation involved 107 women who gave birth before the 37th week of gestation and 101 women who gave birth after the 37th week of gestation at the outpatient clinic of the University Hospital "Maichin Dom" in Bulgaria. Our study revealed a correlation between maternal vitamin B12 deficiency, overweight and low hemoglobin level. Our results showed no significant correlation between serum vitamin B12 level and the risk of preterm birth. However, we found an inverse association between vitamin B12 level and overweight before pregnancy and at the time of giving birth. As well there was confirmed the strong connection between meat consumption and vitamin B12 level. The paper emphasizes that the deficiency of the vitamin occurs most likely in the women with inadequate diets. Such a deficiency is actually confirmed to have serious health consequences for pregnant women and their offspring. Therefore further profound and numerous studies should be performed to properly assess the correlation between vitamin B12 and preterm birth, as well as to understand better the impact of vitamin B12 over pregnant women.

Key words: vitamin B12, preterm birth, pregnancy, overweight, hemoglobin.
An Contemporary Techniques for Recording Severely Resorbed Mandibular Ridge: A Case Report
Authors: Kotewar Shivani , Baig Nazish , Jadhav Vivek , Adhapure Prasad , Patil Vishkha
Published: February 2021

Resorption of mandibular ridges is a multifactorial and biomechanical disease that is chronic, progressive,irreversible, and cumulative leading to loss of sulcular depth, vertical dimension loss, and decreased lowerfacial height. Some common neurological, hormonal, and metabolic disorders affect the adaptability ofdentures, and this can be diagnosed by a trained prosthodontist with proper history-taking and clinicalexamination. The denture becomes passive due to complex neuromuscular control and causes difficultiesin impression-making, mastication, and swallowing, which in turn leads to loss of retention and stability incomplete dentures. The loose and unstable lower complete denture is one of the most common problemsfaced by denture patients. One of the methods used to solve this problem is the neutral zone technique.Neutral zone technique is long being used for the management of severely resorbed mandibular ridges. Thepiezography technique, a special functional approach is described in order to overcome the difficulties of themandibular denture. Piezography, prosthetic space recorded by pronunciation, can be used as a reference forarrangement of artificial teeth and polishing surface of a denture.
Different Techniques for Sinus Floor Elevation: A Review Part I – Direct Techniques
Authors: Jadhav Vivek , Kothari Nitin , Yeshwante Babita , Baig Nazish , Patil Snigdha
Published: February 2021

Insufficient bone volume is a common problem encountered in the rehabilitation of the edentulous posteriormaxilla with implant?supported prostheses. Although adequate bone height can be achieved using variousmaxillary sinus augmentation techniques, these procedures have been practiced successfully. However,significant complications occur such as perforations or tearing. To maintain the integrity of Schneiderianmembrane subsequently increasing the success rate a retrospective analysis is carried out on varioustechniques with complications which occur during and after treatment. This review will help the readers tounderstand the intricacies of sinus augmentation by using direct techniques.
COVID 19 and Pediatric Dentistry- A Narrative Review
Authors: Hegde Aparna , Babaji Prashant , K.K. Shashibhushan
Published: February 2021

During the present health emergency linked to the pandemic caused by corona virus(COVID 19), the efficientand safe management of children’s oral health presents a challenge to paediatric dentists. These challengescan be overcome by emphasizing on the oral disease prevention methods, and by treating paediatric dentalemergencies efficiently. Along with rigorous and highly effective infection control protocols in dental clinicalsetups, working on remote communication and health education aimed at maintaining the oral health of thechildren assumes great importance. This article, after analysing the risk factors associated with pediatricdental treatment due to COVID-19, presents a series of oral health promotion strategies, managementstrategies for pediatric dental emergencies and of dental non emergencies. New approaches and models oftreatment based on remote interaction techniques will be discussed, which can be furthur modified and usedaccordingly even after the end of the pandemic.
Description of Risky Sex Practice of Customer Teluk Bayur Brothel (Sex Localization) in Bangka Belitung Province in 2019
Authors: Akhiat
Published: February 2021

A sexual practice that has a high risk occurs in prostitution activity, which results in sexually transmitted

diseases. Female sex workers often have no other choice if their customers ask for services that can result in

the risk of transmitting sexual diseases such as requests from customers who are refusing to use condoms. The

design of this study is descriptive qualitative, and data collected by in-depth semi-structured interviews with

three female sex worker and a pimp. Informants were chosen randomly. Data is processed by categorizing

or grouping the results of interviews and presented in narrative form. The results showed that sexual practice

risked customers Teluk Bayur Brothel occurred in oral sexual services by not using condoms, which were

at high risk of gonorrhea. Even though Female CSWs (Commercial Sex Workers) have low education, they

have good knowledge about the risk of sexually transmitted diseases, especially HIV/AIDS.