bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Soil Biodiversity in Urban Forests as a Consequence of Litterfall Management: Implications for São Paulo’s Ecosystem Services
Authors: Lamano Ferreira Maurício , De Souza Luciana , Conti Diego , Capellani Quaresma Cristiano , Reis Tavares Armando , Gonçalves da Silva Karina , Terezinha Kniess Claudia , De Camargo Plínio
Published: March 2018

The growth of urban centers, along with the fragmentation of natural habitats, can interfere with the distribution pattern of species and their abundance, thus compromising the conservation of urban biodiversity. Principal players in this biodiversity are arthropods that help to decompose litterfall, favoring the recycling of nutrients and, hence, are an important part in sustaining the forest fragments that remain in urban areas. Therefore, it is important to study arthropod biodiversity in green urban areas, especially those areas where litterfall management is an important part of maintaining biodiversity. Accordingly, this study evaluated arthropod diversity associated with litterfall in three urban forests with different size and litterfall management practices, including Água Branca Park (ABP) and Tietê Ecological Park (TEP)—Núcleo Engenheiro Goulart in São Paulo City and Chico Mendes Park (CMP) in Osasco City, all belonging to the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo (MRSP), Brazil. Four litterfall harvests were carried out in each park between April and August of 2015 with twelve samples collected with a wood mold (30-cmx30-cm) at randomly points on the forest floor. The collected material was then screened in the laboratory and the arthropods were visually separated and preserved in alcohol 70%. Arthropods were classified by the order to which they belonged. Litterfall was dried in a forced air oven at 65 °C for seven days. Dried litterfall was then separated into leaves, branches, reproductive parts and miscellaneous fragments and weighed. Arthropod diversity was measured by Shannon, Margalef and Pielou indexes and non-metric multidimensional scaling analysis (NMDS) using the Manhattan distance index. Litterfall weight was compared by one-way ANOVA. The orders Hymenoptera, Collembola and Isopoda were dominant in CMP, ABP and TEP, respectively but multiple rare orders had a presence in all parks, albeit at different abundance. NMDS showed abundance similarity among the parks; however, TEP showed greater richness, Shannon diversity and evenness. The fractions of leaf litterfall and reproductive parts were different between the CMP and TEP. Overall, our results confirm that neither litterfall management, nor park size, is a final determinant of arthropod distribution, even though the abundance of dominant species was shown to differ in each park.
An Optimization-LCA of a Prestressed Concrete Precast Bridge
Authors: Penadés-Plà Vicent , García-Segura Tatiana , Martí José , Yepes Víctor
Published: March 2018

The construction sector is one of the most active sectors, with a high economic, environmental and social impact. For this reason, the sustainable design of structures and buildings is a trend that must be followed. Bridges are one of the most important structures in the construction sector, as their construction and maintenance are crucial to achieve and retain the best transport between different places. Nowadays, the choice of bridge design depends on the initial economic criterion but other criteria should be considered to assess the environmental and social aspects. Furthermore, for a correct choice, the influence of these criteria during the bridge life-cycle must be taken into account. This study aims to analyse the life-cycle environmental impact of efficient structures from the economic point of view. Life-cycle assessment process is used to obtain all the environmental information about bridges. In this paper, a prestressed concrete precast bridge is cost-optimized and afterwards, the life-cycle assessment is carried out to achieve the environmental information about the bridge.
Recombinant Goose Circoviruses Circulating in Domesticated and Wild Geese in Poland
Authors: Stenzel Tomasz , Dziewulska Daria , Muhire Brejnev , Hartnady Penelope , Kraberger Simona , Martin Darren , Varsani Arvind
Published: March 2018

Circoviruses are circular single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) viruses that infect a variety of animals, both domestic and wild. Circovirus infection in birds is associated with immunosuppression and this in turn predisposes the infected animals to secondary infections that can lead to mortality. Farmed geese (Anser anser) in many parts of the world are infected with circoviruses. The majority of the current genomic information for goose circoviruses (GoCVs) (n = 40) are from birds sampled in China and Taiwan, and only two genome sequences are available from Europe (Germany and Poland). In this study, we sampled 23 wild and 19 domestic geese from the Gopło Lake area in Poland. We determined the genomes of GoCV from 21 geese; 14 domestic Greylag geese (Anser anser), three wild Greylag geese (A. anser), three bean geese (A. fabalis), and one white fronted goose (A. albifrons). These genomes share 83–95% nucleotide pairwise identities with previously identified GoCV genomes, most are recombinants with exchanged fragment sizes up to 50% of the genome. Higher diversity levels can be seen within the genomes from domestic geese compared with those from wild geese. In the GoCV capsid protein (cp) and replication associated protein (rep) gene sequences we found that episodic positive selection appears to largely mirror those of beak and feather disease virus and pigeon circovirus. Analysis of the secondary structure of the ssDNA genome revealed a conserved stem-loop structure with the G-C rich stem having a high degree of negative selection on these nucleotides.
The Oncolytic Virus VSV-GP Is Effective against Malignant Melanoma
Authors: Kimpel Janine , Urbiola Carles , Koske Iris , Tober Reinhard , Banki Zoltan , Wollmann Guido , Von Laer Dorothee
Published: March 2018

Previously, we described VSV-GP, a modified version of the vesicular stomatitis virus, as a non-neurotoxic oncolytic virus that is effective for the treatment of malignant glioblastoma and ovarian cancer. Here, we evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of VSV-GP for malignant melanoma. All of the human, mouse, and canine melanoma cell lines that were tested, alongside most primary human melanoma cultures, were infected by VSV-GP and efficiently killed. Additionally, we found that VSV-GP prolonged the survival of mice in both a xenograft and a syngeneic mouse model. However, only a few mice survived with long-term tumor remission. When we analyzed the factors that might limit VSV-GP’s efficacy, we found that vector-neutralizing antibodies did not play a role in this context, as even after eight subsequent immunizations and an observation time of 42 weeks, no vector-neutralizing antibodies were induced in VSV-GP immunized mice. In contrast, the type I IFN response might have contributed to the reduced efficacy of the therapy, as both of the cell lines that were used for the mouse models were able to mount a protective IFN response. Nevertheless, early treatment with VSV-GP also reduced the number and size of lung metastases in a syngeneic B16 mouse model. In summary, VSV-GP is a potent candidate for the treatment of malignant melanoma; however, factors limiting the efficacy of the virus need to be further explored.
Effectiveness and Durability of Polyacrylamide (PAM) and Polysaccharide (Jag C 162) in Reducing Soil Erosion under Simulated Rainfalls
Authors: Lu Shaojuan , Wang Zhanli , Hu Yaxian , Liu Baoyuan , Liu Jun’e
Published: March 2018

Polymers as a soil amendment is one of the effective measurements to reduce soil erosion. In this study, two polymers, polyacrylamide (PAM) and polysaccharide (Jag C 162), were applied to erosion plots filled with loess soil (tilted at 20°). For each polymer, four concentration levels—0, 10, 30, and 50 kg·ha−1—were applied. The treated erosion plots were then subjected to two simulated rainfall events (dry and wet run) to investigate their effectiveness and durability in controlling soil erosion. Both simulated rainfall events were at an intensity of 120 mm·h−1, and each event lasted for 30 min with 24 h free drainage in between. Results show that both polymers could reduce runoff, effectively control sheet erosion, and promote soil aggregates due to their capability to bind and stabilize soil particles. Such reducing effects were more pronounced on the Jag C 162-treated plots than on the PAM-treated plots. However, during the second (wet) run, there was more reduction of aggregate with size of >0.25 mm and greater increment of soil loss on the Jag C 162-treated plots than on the PAM-treated plots.
Infiltration and Short-Time Recharge in Deep Karst Aquifer of the Salento Peninsula (Southern Italy): An Observational Study
Authors: Delle Rose Marco , Martano Paolo
Published: March 2018

Time series of micrometeorological data from the CNR ISAC-Lecce base have been used to estimate the seasonal/yearly surface infiltration in the period 2003–2016 in the Salento peninsula (Southern Italy). The estimated values of infiltration were compared with piezometric levels measured in the regional karst aquifer during the overlapping period 2009–2011. The results, besides the complex groundwater circulation, suggest the possibility of a quite short-time component in the deep aquifer response to the recharge input. This quick response, together with the growing hydroclimatic intensity, outlined in literature studies and observed in the last decade, could increasingly affect the seasonal aquifer dynamics in the near future. Some possible consequences on the water management in karst regions under Mediterranean climate are discussed.
Observation and Estimation of Evapotranspiration from an Irrigated Green Roof in a Rain-Scarce Environment
Authors: Feng Youcan , Burian Steven , Pardyjak Eric
Published: March 2018

While the rain-driven evapotranspiration (ET) process has been well-studied in the humid climate, the mixed irrigation and rain-driven ET process is less understood for green roof implementations in dry regions, where empirical observations and model parameterizations are lacking. This paper presents an effort of monitoring and simulating the ET process for an irrigated green roof in a rain-scarce environment. Annual ET rates for three weighing lysimeter test units with non-vegetated, sedums, and grass covers were 2.01, 2.52, and 2.69 mm d−1, respectively. Simulations based on the three Penman–Monteith equation-derived models achieved accuracy within the reported range of previous studies. Compared to the humid climate, the overestimation of high ET rates by existing models is expected to cause a larger error in dry environments, where the enhanced ET process caused by repeated irrigations overlapped with hot, dry conditions often occurs during summer. The studied sedum species did not show significantly lower ET rates than native species, and could not effectively take advantage of the deep moisture storage. Therefore, native species, instead of the shallow-rooted species commonly recommended in humid climates, might be a better choice for green roofs in rain-scarce environments.
MicroRNA-623 Targets Cyclin D1 to Inhibit Cell Proliferation and Enhance the Chemosensitivity of Cells to 5-Fluorouracil in Gastric Cancer
Authors: Jiang Lihua , Yang Wenchuan , Bian Weishi , Yang Hailin , Wu Xia , Li Yuhua , Feng Wen , Liu Xuejian
Published: March 2018

The dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) plays an important function in the onset and progression of gastric cancer (GC). In addition, aberrantly expressed miRNAs affect the chemosensitivity of GC cells to chemotherapeutic drugs. Hence, miRNA-based targeted therapy might be applied to
treat patients with GC exhibiting chemotherapeutic resistance. In this study, miRNA-623 (miR-623) expression was downregulated in GC tissues and cell lines. Functional analysis showed that the restored miR-623 expression could inhibit the proliferation of GC cells and enhance their chemosensitivity
to 5-FU via the cell apoptosis pathway. Cyclin D1 (CCND1) was identified as a direct target gene of miR-623 in GC. The overexpressed CCND1 in GC tissues was negatively correlated with miR-623 level. The recovered CCND1 expression counteracted the effects of miR-623 on GC cell proliferation,
chemosensitivity, and 5-FU-induced apoptosis. Thus, our results suggest that miR-623 might function as a tumor suppressor in GC and could be a promising therapeutic target for patients with GC, especially those with chemotherapeutic resistance.
Long Noncoding RNA XIST Regulates miR-137‐EZH2 Axis to Promote Tumor Metastasis in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Liu Xingxiang , Cui Lin , Hua Dong
Published: March 2018

We aimed to investigate the significant role of long noncoding RNA X inactive specific transcript (XIST) in regulating tumor metastasis in colorectal cancer (CRC), as well as its possible mechanism. Expression of lncRNA XIST in CRC tissues and CRC cells was detected. CRC cells were transfected with pc-XIST, blank control si-XIST, or si-control, and then the effects of lncRNA XIST on CRC cell migration and invasion were investigated, along with the interaction between lncRNA XIST and miR-137. lncRNA XIST was upregulated in CRC tissues. Compared with HT29 cells that had low metastatic potential, XIST was markedly more highly expressed in LoVo cells that had a higher metastatic potential. Overexpression of XIST promoted the migratory and invasive potential of HT29 cells, while knockdown of XIST inhibited the migratory and invasive potential of LoVo cells. Moreover, epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers, including E-cadherin, N-cadherin, and vimentin, exhibited corresponding expression changes. In addition, miR-137 was inhibited by XIST, and inhibition of miR-137 could reverse the effects of knockdown of XIST on the migratory and invasive potential of LoVo cells. Furthermore, enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) was confirmed as a target of miR-137. Our data reveal that lncRNA XIST may promote tumor metastasis in CRC possibly through regulating the miR-137‐EZH2 axis. lncRNA XIST may serve as a prognostic indicator for CRC progression.
Quantitative Trait Loci Controlling Fruit Size and Other Horticultural Traits in Bell Pepper (Capsicum annuum)
Authors: Chunthawodtiporn Jareerat , Hill Theresa , Stoffel Kevin , Van Deynze Allen
Published: March 2018

Bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) is a group of fruit vegetables that has large variation in fruit shape, fruit size, and horticultural traits. Using unadapted sources of germplasm to bring in novel alleles while maintaining favorable quality and horticultural traits is challenging for breeding in pepper. A genetic map with 318 loci from genotype‐by‐sequencing (GBS) and single nucleotide polymorphism assays was generated from a recombinant inbred line population derived from a cultivated bell‐type C. annuum ‘Maor’ and a landrace highly resistant to Phytophthora capsici, ‘Criollo de Morelos‐334’. Forty‐nine quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were detected for fruit, leaf, and horticultural traits with the scantwo permutation and stepwiseqtl methods from R/qtl. With the availability of a pepper reference genome and GBS data, candidate genes for pepper organ size and other horticultural traits were predicted. Big Brother, Ovate, and KLUH/CYP78A5 genes were candidate genes for controlling organ sizes on chromosome 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Two candidate genes controlling trichome formation in pepper are located at chromosome 10: TRICHOME BIREFRINGENCE‐LIKE 5 and GLABROUS INFLORESCENCE STEMS. The A locus on chromosome 10, which encodes a member of the R2R3 MYB‐domain family of proteins, has a function in anthocyanin accumulation. These QTL results and the candidate genes for each trait emphasize the genetic basis of the important traits for breeding with unadapted parents in bell pepper.
The Metal-poor non-Sagittarius (?) Globular Cluster NGC 5053: Orbit and Mg, Al, and Si Abundances
Authors: Tang Baitian , Fernández-Trincado J. G. , Geisler Doug , Zamora Olga , Mészáros Szabolcs , Masseron Thomas , Cohen Roger E. , García-Hernández D. A. , Dell’Agli Flavia , Beers Timothy C. , Schiavon Ricardo P. , Sohn Sangmo Tony , Hasselquist Sten , Robin Annie C. , Shetrone Matthew , Majewski Steven R. , Villanova Sandro , Ulloa Jose Schiappacasse , Lane Richard R. , Minnti Dante , Roman-Lopes Alexandre , Almeida Andres , Moreno E.
Published: March 2018

Metal-poor globular clusters (GCs) exhibit intriguing Al–Mg anti-correlations and possible Si–Al correlations, which are important clues to decipher the multiple-population phenomenon. NGC 5053 is one of the most metal-poor GCs in the nearby universe and has been suggested to be associated with the Sagittarius (Sgr) dwarf galaxy, due to its similarity in location and radial velocity with one of the Sgr arms. In this work, we simulate the orbit of NGC 5053, and argue against a physical connection between Sgr and NGC 5053. On the other hand, the Mg, Al, and Si spectral lines, which are difficult to detect in the optical spectra of NGC 5053 stars, have been detected in the near-infrared APOGEE spectra. We use three different sets of stellar parameters and codes to derive the Mg, Al, and Si abundances. Regardless of which method is adopted, we see a large Al variation, and a substantial Si spread. Along with NGC 5053, metal-poor GCs exhibit different Mg, Al, and Si variations. Moreover, NGC 5053 has the lowest cluster mass among the GCs that have been identified to exhibit an observable Si spread until now.
Exploring the Properties of Choked Gamma-ray Bursts with IceCube’s High-energy Neutrinos
Authors: Denton Peter B. , Tamborra Irene
Published: March 2018

Long duration gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) have often been considered the natural evolution of some core-collapse supernova (CCSN) progenitors. However, the fraction of CCSNe linked to astrophysical jets and their properties are still poorly constrained. While any successful astrophysical jet harbored in a CCSN should produce high-energy neutrinos, photons may be able to successfully escape the stellar envelope only for a fraction of progenitors, possibly leading to the existence of high-luminosity, low-luminosity, and not-electromagnetically bright (“choked”) GRBs. By postulating a CCSN–GRB connection, we accurately model the jet physics within the internal-shock GRB model and assume scaling relations for the GRB parameters that depend on the Lorentz boost factor Γ. The IceCube high-energy neutrino flux is then employed as an upper limit of the neutrino background from electromagnetically bright and choked GRBs to constrain the jet and the progenitor properties. The current IceCube data set is compatible with up to 1% of all CCSNe harboring astrophysical jets. Interestingly, those jets are predominantly choked. Our findings suggest that neutrinos can be powerful probes of the burst physics and can provide major insights on the CCSN–GRB connection.
Accuracy of Estimating Highly Eccentric Binary Black Hole Parameters with Gravitational-wave Detections
Authors: Gondán László , Kocsis Bence , Raffai Péter , Frei Zsolt
Published: March 2018

Mergers of stellar-mass black holes on highly eccentric orbits are among the targets for ground-based gravitational-wave detectors, including LIGO, VIRGO, and KAGRA. These sources may commonly form through gravitational-wave emission in high-velocity dispersion systems or through the secular Kozai–Lidov mechanism in triple systems. Gravitational waves carry information about the binaries’ orbital parameters and source location. Using the Fisher matrix technique, we determine the measurement accuracy with which the LIGO–VIRGO–KAGRA network could measure the source parameters of eccentric binaries using a matched filtering search of the repeated burst and eccentric inspiral phases of the waveform. We account for general relativistic precession and the evolution of the orbital eccentricity and frequency during the inspiral. We find that the signal-to-noise ratio and the parameter measurement accuracy may be significantly higher for eccentric sources than for circular sources. This increase is sensitive to the initial pericenter distance, the initial eccentricity, and the component masses. For instance, compared to a 30

M

⊙

–30

M

⊙

non-spinning circular binary, the chirp mass and sky-localization accuracy can improve by a factor of ∼129 (38) and ∼2 (11) for an initially highly eccentric binary assuming an initial pericenter distance of 20 M
tot (10 M
tot).
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Emission Toward the Galactic Bulge
Authors: Shannon M. J. , Peeters E. , Cami J. , Blommaert J. A. D. L.
Published: March 2018

We examine polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), dust, and atomic/molecular emission toward the Galactic bulge using Spitzer Space Telescope observations of four fields: C32, C35, OGLE, and NGC 6522. These fields are approximately centered on (l, b) = (0.°0, 1.°0), (0.°0, −1.°0), (0.°4, −2.°4), and (1.°0, −3.°8), respectively. Far-infrared photometric observations complement the Spitzer/IRS spectroscopic data and are used to construct spectral energy distributions. We find that the dust and PAH emission are exceptionally similar between C32 and C35 overall, in part explained due to their locations—they reside on or near boundaries of a 7 Myr old Galactic outflow event and are partly shock-heated. Within the C32 and C35 fields, we identify a region of elevated Hα emission that is coincident with elevated fine-structure and [O iv] line emission and weak PAH feature strengths. We are likely tracing a transition zone of the outflow into the nascent environment. PAH abundances in these fields are slightly depressed relative to typical ISM values. In the OGLE and NGC 6522 fields, we observe weak features on a continuum dominated by zodiacal dust. SED fitting indicates that thermal dust grains in C32 and C35 have temperatures comparable to those of diffuse, high-latitude cirrus clouds. Little variability is detected in the PAH properties between C32 and C35, indicating that a stable population of PAHs dominates the overall spectral appearance. In fact, their PAH features are exceptionally similar to that of the M82 superwind, emphasizing that we are probing a local Galactic wind environment.
Particle Acceleration Due to Cosmic-ray Viscosity and Fluid Shear in Astrophysical Jets
Authors: Webb G. M. , Barghouty A. F. , Hu Q. , Roux J. A. le
Published: March 2018

An analytical model describing the acceleration of energetic charged particles due to cosmic-ray viscosity and fluid shear in radio jets based on the diffusive transport equation for cosmic rays is developed. The model indicates that laminar shear is not a significant mechanism for particle acceleration in nonrelativistic jets but may be important in relativistic jets. The model produces a power-law momentum spectrum of particles accelerated by the shear (i.e.,

as

, where f
0 is the isotropic phase space distribution in the scattering frame). For ultra-relativistic jets with no back-flowing cocoon,

for the energetic particle diffusion coefficient case κ ∝ p

α
. Increasing the shear in the background flow gives harder accelerated particle momentum spectra. Monoenergetic source solutions (Green’s functions) and Green’s formula are derived and used to obtain solutions for monoenergetic particle momentum spectra specified on the edge of the jet at radius r = r
2.
The Role of Pickup Ion Dynamics Outside of the Heliopause in the Limit of Weak Pitch Angle Scattering: Implications for the Source of the IBEX Ribbon
Authors: Zirnstein E. J. , Heerikhuisen J. , Dayeh M. A.
Published: March 2018

We present a new model of the Interstellar Boundary Explorer (IBEX) ribbon based on the secondary energetic neutral atom (ENA) mechanism, under the assumption that there is negligible pitch angle scattering of pickup ions (PUIs) outside the heliopause. Using the results of an MHD-plasma/kinetic-neutral simulation of the heliosphere, we generate PUIs in the outer heliosheath, solve their transport using guiding center theory, and compute ribbon ENA fluxes at 1 au. We implement several aspects of the PUI dynamics, including (1) parallel motion along the local interstellar magnetic field (ISMF), (2) advective transport with the interstellar plasma, (3) the mirror force acting on PUIs propagating along the ISMF, and (4) betatron acceleration of PUIs as they are advected within an increasing magnetic field toward the heliopause. We find that ENA fluxes at 1 au are reduced when PUIs are allowed to move along the ISMF, and ENA fluxes are reduced even more by the inclusion of the mirror force, which pushes particles away from IBEX lines of sight. Inclusion of advection and betatron acceleration do not result in any significant change in the ribbon. Interestingly, the mirror force reduces the ENA fluxes from the inner edge of the ribbon more than those from its outer edge, effectively reducing the ribbon’s width by ∼6° and increasing its radius projected on the sky. This is caused by the asymmetric draping of the ISMF around the heliopause, such that ENAs from the ribbon’s inner edge originate closer to the heliopause, where the mirror force is strongest.
Immunohistochemical Expression of TGF-Β1, SMAD4, SMAD7, TGFβRII and CD68-Positive TAM Densities in Papillary Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Ivanova Koni , Manolova Irena , Ignatova Maria-Magdalena , Gulubova Maya
Published: March 2018

BACKGROUND: Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) accounts for 80% of the thyroid malignancies that are characterised by slow growth and an excellent prognosis. Over-expression of SMAD4 protein restores TGF-β signalling, determines a strong increase in anti-proliferative effect and reduces invasive potential of tumour cells expressing it.AIM: The study aimed to analyse the immunohistochemical expression of TGF-β1 and its downstream phosphorylated SMAD4, element and of the inhibitory SMAD7 PTC variants and their association with the localisation of TAMs within the tumour microenvironment.METHODS: For this retrospective study we investigated 69 patients immunohistochemistry with antibodies against TGF-β, TGF – β-RII, SMAD4, SMAD7, CD68+ macrophages.RESULTS: Patients with low infiltration with CD68+ cells in tumour stroma has significantly shorter survival (median of 129.267 months) compared to those with high CD68+ cells infiltration (p = 0.034). From the analysis of CD68+ cells in tumour border and tumour stroma correlated with expression of TGF-β1 / SMAD proteins, we observed that the positive expression of TGF-β1 in tumour cytoplasm, significantly correlated with increased number of CD68+ cells in tumour border (X2 = 5,945; р = 0.015).CONCLUSION: TGF-β enhances motility and stimulates recruitment of monocytes, macrophages and other immune cells while directly inhibiting their anti-tumour effector functions.
Carotid Endarterectomy in Women versus Man: Patient Characteristics and Perioperative Complication (<30 Day)
Authors: Djedović Muhamed , Imširović Bilal , Djedović Samed , Hadžimehmedagić Amel , Vukas Haris , Rovčanin Bekir , Kamenjašević Ibrahim
Published: March 2018

AIM: Compare the basic characteristics of patients and to examine the existence of higher rates of perioperative complications (0 - 30 days) in women versus men after carotid endarterectomy (CEA).METHODS: This is a retrospective-prospective study included 270 patients with significant stenosis of carotid in whom CEA was performed, during the period from 2012 to 2017. Patients they were divided: group 1 - 100 female patients, group 2 - 170 male patients.RESULTS: No statistically significant age difference was observed between the two groups, group 1 - 66.01 years (SD 8.42, 46 to 86 years), group 2 - 66.46 years (SD 8.03, 47 to 85 years) (p = 0.659). Risk factors represent a greater prevalence in group 2, but the observed difference is not statistically significant. The average duration of surgery and the time of carotid artery clamping time were longer in group 1: (p = 0.002; p = 0.005). The number of classic endarterectomy with the patch was higher in women (41 (41%) versus 31 (18. 2%), p = 0.005), while the number of bilateral CEAs was not statistically significant.CONCLUSION: The results of this study of this study did not indicate a greater presence of perioperative complications (< 30 days) in women versus male patients after CEA.
O uso da tecnologia na educação: um debate a partir da alternativa da tecnologia social
Authors: Batista Sandra Aparecida , Freitas Carlos  Cesar Garcia
Published: March 2018

Este artigo tece reflexões acerca da problemática do uso da tecnologia na educação. Seu propósito é apresentar paralelos entre o uso desta ferramenta mediante concepção tradicional, determinista, linear, de neutralidade e de uma visão ampliada e humanista na perspectiva da Tecnologia Social, que visa essencialmente atender as necessidades humanas. Nesse sentido, há um entendimento de que a tecnologia pode desempenhar papéis de inclusão ou exclusão social, dependendo da forma com que a mesma seja empregada. Para tanto foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica em obras de referência sobre os temas educação e Tecnologia Social. Como resultado evidenciou-se que a perspectiva da Tecnologia Social se apresenta como uma alternativa promissora à educação, visto que nesta prevalece o caráter de emancipação do indivíduo e valorização do seu contexto na busca da transformação social.
A survey of beetles (Coleoptera) from the tundra surrounding the Nunalleq archaeological site, Quinhagak, southwestern Alaska
Authors: Forbes Véronique , Sikes Derek
Published: March 2018

This paper presents the results of a survey of beetles conducted in the vicinity of the archaeological site of Nunalleq, a pre-contact (16th-17th century AD) indigenous forager settlement located near the modern Yup’ik village of Quinhagak, in the Yukon-Kuskokwim delta, southwestern Alaska. Records and habitat data are reported for 74 beetle taxa collected in tundra, riparian, aquatic and anthropogenic environments from a region of Alaska that has been poorly studied by entomologists. This includes the first mainland Alaskan record for the byrrhid Simplocaria metallica (Sturm). Beyond improving our knowledge of the local beetle fauna’s diversity and ecology, this survey provides the basis for comparisons between modern and sub-fossil beetle assemblages from Nunalleq and Quinhagak.
Au rythme des algorithmes
Authors: Pigenel Romain
Published: March 2018

Le smartphone a profané le mystère musical par la mise à disposition, l’accès à la connaissance, le live . Qui sont les nouveaux maîtres de musique ?
Des ados en quête de visibilité
Authors: Schmelck Clara
Published: March 2018

Les nouveaux usages du smartphone ont modifié les conditions de la reconnaissance sociale. Chez les ados, les millennials , elle est moins fondée sur les apparences que l’on donne de soi que sur la visibilité mesurée par les réseaux sociaux.
Le code des émotions
Authors: Cavaillé Christian
Published: March 2018

Avec le smartphone, nos émotions ont trouvé leur langage : la gamme des émoticônes. Un paradoxe de plus, propre à l’hypermodernité : le retour du pictogramme dans l’univers alphabétique.
Humain, trop humain
Authors: Soriano Paul
Published: March 2018

Le mot « digital » change de sens de part et d’autre d’un écran de smartphone. Côté usager, il désigne les doigts, de l’autre côté, il signifie numérique. Cherchez l’erreur… Il est temps que l’homme cesse de parasiter la technique.
Chercher son modèle et trouver son double ?
Authors: Bérard Jean , Chantraine Gilles
Published: March 2018

L’article analyse les sens donnés depuis le début des années 2000 à la référence au modèle constitué par le système pénal canadien. D’abord, dans les années 2000, l’articulation, dans le modèle pénitentiaire canadien, de reconnaissance des droits, d’évaluation des risques et de classification des prisonniers apparaît aux réformateurs français comme une réponse aux injonctions contradictoires qui leur sont adressées, entre la nécessité d’améliorer la condition pénitentiaire et celle de gérer une inflation carcérale résultant de politiques sécuritaires. Ensuite, après l’alternance de 2012, le modèle canadien est de nouveau mobilisé sur la base des « savoirs experts » qu’il produit en matière d’évaluation des sanctions pénales, cette fois pour promouvoir de nouvelles mesures alternatives à l’incarcération. Mais cette référence se heurte à la politisation intense de la thématique de l’insécurité. Sur ce point, le Canada est moins un modèle lointain qu’un pays traversé par des tensions très comparables autour de la définition des politiques pénales et pénitentiaires.
Can diets containing insects promote animal health?
Authors: Gasco L. , Finke M. , van Huis A.
Published: March 2018

Insects are promising feedstuffs for animal feeds as they contain not only valuable nutrients but also particular compounds that seem to be able to modulate animal microbiota and to optimise animal health. So far, there has been little work on the effects of those insect derived compounds in animal feeding trails but initial investigations show promising results. This editorial discuss the effect of chitin, lauric acid, and anti-microbial peptides provided by insects.
Global Health Engagement: At Home and Abroad
Authors: Phillips Janet M. , Riner Mary E.
Published: March 2018

Nurses and nurse educators need to be prepared to accelerate progress toward the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals to improve local and global health in the face of continued poverty, hunger, and disease. This four-part Teaching Tips series will focus on developing nurse educators to prepare nurses for global engagement on the following topics: introduction to global health, systems thinking for global health, strategies for integrating global awareness and engagement into clinical practice, and leading and participating in service trips. The authors offer tips for increasing global awareness and using frameworks, strategies, and resources for both students and nurses to use in their own settings and practice.

J Contin Educ Nurs.
2018;49(3):109–110.
A Comparative Study of Newly Licensed Registered Nurses' Stressors: 2003 and 2015
Authors: Tong Vivian , Epeneter Beverly J.
Published: March 2018

Background:

Newly licensed nurses are overwhelmed and feel stressed as they transition from student to professional nurse. Health educators are making strides in improving the work environment, yet these nurses continue to feel stressed. Little has been done to track stress-ors to see whether they have changed over time.

Method:

A descriptive qualitative research method was used to identify the stressors of newly licensed nurses. The first focus group interviews were conducted in 2003 with 21 nurses. In 2015, the study was replicated using another group of 22 recently graduated nurses.

Results:

There were fewer stressors noted in the 2015 group compared with the 2003 group. Six major stress-ors were identified in the 2003 group, and only three of these were noted in the 2015 group.

Conclusion:

The decline in work-related stressors could be attributed to changes in health care organizations and in state policies. Nurse educators and leaders should refine orientation and educational programs based on ongoing changes in stressors expressed by newly licensed nurses.

J Contin Educ Nurs.
2018;49(3):132–140.
Falls and Social Isolation of Older Adults in the National Health and Aging Trends Study
Authors: Pohl Janet S. , Cochrane Barbara B. , Schepp Karen G. , Woods Nancy F.
Published: March 2018

A longitudinal secondary analysis of 2 years of data from the National Health and Aging Trends Study was undertaken to determine the extent to which social isolation predicts falls in older adults. Social isolation during Year 1 (baseline) was operationalized as a multiple-indicator measure based on Social Network Index participation domains. Falling during the previous year was self-reported using Year 2 data. Logistic regression models revealed social isolation significantly predicted falls (odds ratio [OR] = 1.11; 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.05, 1.17]). The relationship remained significant after adjusting for age, gender, and education (OR = 1.08; 95% CI [1.02, 1.14]). The relationship weakened after adjusting for self-reported general health, depression risk, and worry about falling (OR = 1.02; 95% CI [0.96, 1.08]). Adjusting for Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), assistive mobility device, and activities of daily living further weakened the relationship (OR = 0.99; 95% CI [0.94, 1.04]). SPPB demonstrated the strongest correlation with social isolation (
r
= −0.42;
p
< 0.01). Fall prevention intervention studies specifically targeting social isolation may incorporate physical performance as a shorter-term and cost-effective proxy outcome for falls.

[
Res Gerontol Nurs. 2018; 11(2):61–70
.]
Anacamptis × dafnii nothosubsp. solanoi Serra & López Esp., nothosubsp. nov. (Orchidaceae), a new hybrid
Authors: Serra Laliga Lluís , López Espinosa José Antonio
Published: March 2018

Anacamptis × dafnii nothosubsp. solanoi Serra & López Esp., nothosubsp. nov. is described and illustrated. It is a hybrid of A. collina and A. papilionacea subsp. grandiflora. Its known distribution and current situation in Spain are here presented, as well as its relationships with other hybrids of the A. papilionacea group.
INTEGRATED DESIGN FOR FLOOD RISK AND SPATIAL QUALITY—EXAMPLES FROM THE DUTCH DELTA PROGRAMME
Authors: Nillesen Anne Loes
Published: March 2018

INTRODUCTION

The Netherlands faces a significant flood risk task. In order to remain a safe place to live the Netherlands has to upgrade its extensive flood risk protection system. This results in an elevation and reinforcement task for many of the Netherlands water barriers. When those barriers are positioned in an open landscape, the technical reinforcement is often easy to embed specially. However, many barriers have been built over the years making the reinforcement into a challenging spatial assignment. This article shows different case study examples of a research by design study (performed in the broader context of the Dutch Delta programme) that explores integral design solutions for flood risk and spatial (re)development. The Houston Galveston Bay case study demonstrates the international applicability of the research by design method.
ANALYZING TAX CREDITS FOR RESIDENTIAL ENERGY EFFICIENCY USING ENERGY MODELING
Authors: Clevenger Caroline M. , Abdallah Moatassem , Madhavan Jayapradha
Published: March 2018

From roughly 2013 to 2016, ten building product categories related to residential energy efficiency were eligible for United States ENERGY STAR Federal Tax Credits. In general, the objective of residential energy-efficiency tax credits is to encourage individuals to increase residential energy-efficiency investments and invest in properties that generate renewable energy. This research analyses eight of the available tax credit categories for four climatic zones and recommends packages based on low Life Cycle Cost and low First Cost for the eligible ENERGY STAR products. An experiment was conducted using energy modeling software for different tax credits and costs combinations, to explore potential variability in economic impact of the federal program. Analysis used Building America B10 Benchmark as a reference, and the energy computations were completed using Building Energy Optimization (BEopt) software. Results suggest that ENERGY STAR product packages that include PV systems generally have the lowest (best) Life Cycle Costs and packages that include Geothermal Heat Pumps generally have the highest (worst) Life Cycle Costs. However, there are tradeoffs between cost savings and energy source savings, and the particular economics of tax incentives for ENERGY STAR products depend on project specifics as well as owner priorities.
THE EFFECT OF OCCUPANCY ON ELECTRICITY USE IN THREE CANADIAN SCHOOLS
Authors: Ouf Mohamed , Issa Mohamed H. , Merkel Phil , Polyzois Panos
Published: March 2018

Through building performance simulations, previous studies showed the effect of occupants on buildings' energy consumption. To further demonstrate this effect using empirical evidence, this study analyzed the effect of occupancy on real-time electricity consumption in three case-study schools in Manitoba. Within each school, one classroom as well as the gymnasium were sub-metered to collect real-time electricity consumption data at half-hourly intervals. The study focused on electricity consumption for lighting and plug loads, which make up 30% of energy consumption in Canadian commercial and institutional buildings. A comprehensive method was developed to investigate energy-related occupant behaviour in the sub-metered spaces using four different tools simultaneously: 1) gymnasium bookings after school hours over a four-month period, 2) half-hourly observations of lighting and equipment use in the sub-metered spaces in each school over a two-week period, 3) a daily survey administered to teachers in the sub-metered classrooms over a two-week period, and 4) occupancy and light sensors to evaluate actual recorded occupancy and light use durations over a four-month period. Results showed that recorded occupancy durations over a 4-month period only explained less than 10% of the variations in classrooms' lighting electricity consumption, meaning that lights may have been used frequently while classrooms were unoccupied. Results also showed the differences in gymnasiums' electricity consumption were still statistically significant between the three schools, even after school hours and when the gymnasiums were not used or booked for other activities. This study is the first to provide in-depth evaluation of the effect of occupancy on electricity consumption in Canadian schools.
Crises, arguments et médiatisations numériques
Authors: Awad Gloria
Published: March 2018

L’auteure étudie la double gradation, de la valeur et du contact, des crises en tant qu’événements journalistiques. Elle examine les médiatisations numériques des crises à partir de la définition peircienne de l’argument en tant que signe permettant une programmation du futur ou rétrodiction. Cela permet de mettre en lumière une dimension empirique prospective, tout aussi caractéristique des crises contemporaines que de leur contingence expectative.
La technodiscursivité du vocable « brexit » sur Twitter
Authors: Adel Perihane
Published: March 2018

L’objet du présent travail de recherche est l’analyse du vocable « brexit » en tant qu’hypertexte (#brexit) et texte (brexit) dans le réseau social Twitter. L’auteure cherche à savoir, à travers une approche communicationnelle et discursive, si la présence/absence du mot-clic (hashtag) et son emplacement dans les énoncés influencent cette communication non traditionnelle que sont les gazouillis (tweets).
Engagement politique des immigrés marocains sur le Web
Authors: Azizi Asmaa
Published: March 2018

Le présent article explore l’appropriation des médias informatisés par des immigrés marocains à des fins politiques pour s’exprimer et commenter à distance l’actualité de leur pays d’origine. À travers leurs pratiques créatives en ligne, ces acteurs participent au changement des formes et des modalités de prise de parole des « sans voix » diasporiques ainsi qu’à la redéfinition des frontières de la politique. L’auteur se concentre sur le cas d’une vidéo pamphlétaire publiée sur la plateforme Web YouTube. Sont ici étudiés à la fois l’énoncé de la vidéo, sa large circulation ainsi que ses différentes appropriations politiques par des acteurs sociaux hétérogènes qui lui confèrent des interprétations variées.
La transnationalisation de l’industrie musicale de Miami
Authors: Bénistant Alix
Published: March 2018

Le présent article se propose d’analyser l’émergence d’une industrie musicale à Miami, spécialisée dans la production, la promotion et la distribution de la musique dite latino. En optant pour une approche socioéconomique, l’auteur montre comment la ville floridienne s’est progressivement établie, à partir du début des années 1980, en lieu central d’élaboration d’une catégorie musicale réifiée inscrite au cœur de la stratégie « multiscalaire » des acteurs dominants du secteur
Web 2.0 et la politique au féminin en Roumanie postcommuniste
Authors: Roventa-Frumusani Daniela , Irimescu Alexandra
Published: March 2018

Les auteures partent de l’hypothèse du déficit de légitimité des femmes dans l’espace public roumain postcommuniste et veulent voir si depuis la chute du communisme (1990), et dans le contexte de l’émergence des nouveaux outils de campagne électorale (les réseaux sociaux), les femmes politiques choisissent de faire la « politique autrement » ou, au contraire, adoptent les trajectoires et stratégies des hommes politiques (jouer le boy’s game). Leur objectif est d’analyser la dimension visuelle de la construction / déconstruction de l’éthos politique féminin à travers le profil public de Facebook des candidates aux élections locales et parlementaires de 2016.
Problématiques de genre et représentations de soi
Authors: Novello Paglianti Nanta , Villa Marina
Published: March 2018

La présente recherche porte sur les gazouillis des femmes politiques en France et en Italie dont l’objectif est l’analyse de la représentation de soi en tant que femme et élue. Les auteures dressent le bilan de leur activité sur Twitter lorsqu’elles sont en campagne électorale, puis lorsqu’elles sont élues au Parlement européen afin de comprendre le rôle joué par les différences culturelles entre les deux pays et l’influence des institutions sur la politique au féminin. Les auteures ont constitué deux corpus : d’une part, tous les gazouillis de 46 candidates à la députation en France et en Italie qui ont été élues au Parlement européen en 2014, d’autre part, leurs gazouillis durant un mois (février) de mandat européen en 2016.
Phytochemical and Nutritional Values of Local Plants in the Phraek Nam Daeng Community Samut Songkhram Province Thailand
Authors: Polyium Udomdeja , Phinthida Na Thaisong
Published: March 2018

The biodiversity of local plants on Phraek Nam Daeng community Amphawa, Samut Songkhram province, Thailand has been the result of the terrain as a source of freshwater and salty. This study was carried out to evaluate the phytochemical screening and nutritional value of 6 local plants in the Phraek Nam Daeng community including: Azima sarmentosa Benth, Pluchea indica (L) Less,, Boehravia diffusa L, Acanthus ilicifolius L, Sesuvium portulacastrum L and Derris trifoliata Lour. The phytochemical analysis was performed for alkaloid, tannin, terpenoid, flavonoid, anthraquinone and cardiac glycoside. Nutritional analysis of proximal composition of local plants using the method of AOAC (2005),Which consist of moisture content, protein content, lipid content, fiber content, total ash content and carbohydrate content. The results showed that phytochemical screening of 6 local plants, the methanolic extracts have the presence of bioactive substances such as alkaloid, tannin, terpenoid, flavonoid, anthraquinone and cardiac glycoside. The most nutritional composition of local plants showed that the moisture content was Sesuvium portulacastrum L, protein content was Acanthus ilicifolius L, lipid and carbohydrate content was Azima sarmentosa Benth. & Hook, fiber content was Pluchea indica (L) Less., these represent the potential of food crops for food security and sustainable use of biodiversity.