bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The use of a buccal graft for urethroplasty of urethral strictures in men
Authors:   N.A. Lopatkin Scientific Research Institute of Urology and Interventional Radiology – Branch of the National Medical Research Centre of Radiology of the Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, Polyakov N.V. ,   Moscow, Russia, Keshishev N.G. ,   N.A. Lopatkin Scientific Research Institute of Urology and Interventional Radiology – Branch of the National Medical Research Centre of Radiology of the Ministry of Health of Russian Federation; Moscow, Russia, Trofimchuk A.D. ,   Central State Medical Academy» of the administrative department of the president of the Russian Federation; Moscow, Russia, Abdulaev I.A. ,   N.A. Lopatkin Scientific Research Institute of Urology and Interventional Radiology – Branch of the National Medical Research Centre of Radiology of the Ministry of Health of Russian Federation; Moscow, Russia, Kazachenko A.V. ,   N.A. Lopatkin Scientific Research Institute of Urology and Interventional Radiology – Branch of the National Medical Research Centre of Radiology of the Ministry of Health of Russian Federation; Moscow, Russia, Chernyshev I.V. ,   Federal State Budgetary Institution of the Joint Hospital with the Clinic of the Office of the President of the Russian Federation; Moscow, Russia, Darenkov S.P. ,   Federal State Budgetary Institution Office of the President of the Russian Federation; Moscow, Russia, Apolikhin O.I. ,   N.A. Lopatkin Scientific Research Institute of Urology and Interventional Radiology – Branch of the National Medical Research Centre of Radiology of the Ministry of Health of Russian Federation; Moscow, Russia
Published: February 2021

Introduction. The urethroplasty of the urethral stricture disease is still a severe problem for surgeons. The aim of this study is to evaluate own results of buccal mucosa graft urethroplasty (BMGU) for the treatment of urethral stricture. Aim. Evaluation of own results of urethroplasty with a graft of the oral mucosa in the treatment of urethral strictures. Materials and methods. Between 01.08.2014 and 01.06.2020 we treated 136 patients with urethral stricture at our Medical Centers, where we provided buccal mucosa graft urethroplasty for bulbar and penile urethra. Results. The bulbar stricture was found among 105 patients of 136 (77,1 % cases), in which 64 had stricture in proximal part and 41 – in distal part of the urethra, 19 patients – in penile urethra and the other part had panurethral lesion. The median length of the stricture was measured as 3,8 ± 0,6 sm in the first three groups, and in the last group it was 10,4 ± 1,5 sm. At a median follow-up of 16,3 months 87,5% of patients in the first group, 90,2 % in the second, 84,2 % in the third and 83,3 % in the fourth group had no stricture recurrence and were satisfied with BMGU. Conclusion. For patients with urethral stricture disease, BMGU offers excellent success, morbidity with different techniques and methods, which statistically are equal to each other.
Prevention of encrustation and biofilm formation on the ureteral stent surface. Part 2.
Authors:   Omsk State Medical University, Tsukanov A.Yu. ,   Omsk, Russia, Akhmetov D.S. ,   Omsk State Medical University; Omsk, Russia, Novikov A.A. ,   Omsk State Technical University; Omsk, Russia, Negrov D.A. ,   Omsk State Technical University; Omsk, Russia, Putintseva A.R. ,   Omsk State Technical University; Omsk, Russia
Published: February 2021

Introduction. Stent encrustation and formation of biofilms on its surfaces are serious medical problems, that cannot be solved without removing or replacing of the drain. Various researches are being conducted worldwide, trying to solve this problem, while a universal way of such stent complications prevention is still unreached. Aim. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of biodegradable stents and physical methods as alternative ways to prevent drainage complications. Materials and methods. A literature search was performed of the Pubmed, Web of Sience, Science Direct, Scopus, Cyberleninka, E-library, CNMB and other databases for the period of time from 1984 to 2020 for the following keywords: ureteral stent, encrustation, biofilm, urolithiasis, bacteriuria, ultrasound. Of more than 100 studies found, 48 scientific papers, most fully correspond to the article topic, were analyzed. Results. The use of biodegradable stents eliminates a need for interventions to remove them, improving the patient's quality of life, as well as reducing the economic burden on the healthcare system. However, the problem of degradation rate control and stent degradation products elimination still exists. Conclusions. The majority of proposed physical methods of impact on a stent need a contact way of implementation, that largely hinders their clinical use. Thus, non-invasive methods seem promising and require further researches.
Clinical and pathological features of urothelial carcinoma in pediatric practice
Authors:   Saint-Petersburg state pediatric medical University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia, Startsev V.Yu. , Kondratiev G.V. ,   Saint-Petersburg state pediatric medical University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia, Balashov A.E. ,   MEDSI multidisciplinary medical clinic, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
Published: February 2021

Introduction. This review of the literature presents the results of the analysis of studies on the etiology, pathogenesis, methods of diagnosis and treatment of urothelial carcinoma in persons under 20 years of age. Worldwide, the number of such patients is small, and special programs of treatment and diagnostic measures, as well as molecular genetic panels for these patients have not yet been developed. Materials. Relevant publications indexed in PubMed, Web of Sciences Core Collection, and Journal Citation Reports were searched. Data on risk factors and molecular-genetic changes that contribute to malignancy of the urinary epithelium, early clinical manifestations, as well as features of radiation, endoscopic, morphological diagnostics and treatment of this class of tumors are analyzed. Results. Risk factors for urothelial carcinoma in patients younger than 20 years and older age groups are similar, however, there is a smaller role of occupational factors in young patients. Differences in the molecular subtype of tumors were found in these age groups with a predominance of urothelium-like subtype A among young patients, which leads to a more favorable prognosis of the disease and a lower rate of recurrence in individuals under 20 years of age. The main method of treatment of these neoplasms in both age groups remains transurethral resection of the bladder (TURMP), which allows radical removal of the tumor. Adjuvant treatment involving intra – bubble or systemic chemo-or immunotherapy in the postoperative period is indicated when detecting tumors with a high malignant potential, due to the risk of its metastasis and the high probability of the need for organ-carrying surgery. In clinical practice, recommendations developed for the treatment of cancer patients in the older age group are used, since there are no special guidelines for the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of younger patients. Conclusions. The development of methods for the timely diagnosis, treatment and Rehabilitation of children's patients with verified bladder tumors by representatives of the medical community (oncologists, oncologists, pediatricians) remains an urgent task in the near future.
Correction of urinary incontinence after radical prostatectomy. Surgical technique step by step.
Authors:   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Kotov S.V. ,   Moscow, Russia, Pavlov I.S. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University; Moscow, Russia
Published: February 2021

Introduction. The main cause of stress urinary incontinence in men is prostate surgery - radical prostatectomy, transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP), enucleation, etc. The gold standard for the surgical treatment of urinary incontinence after prostate surgery is the implantation of an artificial urinary sphincter. For the treatment of mild/moderate urinary incontinence, implantation of synthetic urethral male slings is recommended. For the treatment of severe urinary incontinence, implantation of artificial urinary sphincter recommended. According to the Decree of the Moscow Government dated 12.24.2019 N 1822-PP, surgical interventions on the organs of the genitourinary system with the implantation of synthetic complex and mesh prostheses are included in the standards for the provision of high-tech medical care. Materials and methods. The paper presents a surgical technique for implantation of an artificial urinary sphincter model AMS 800 (Boston Scientific, Boston, MA, USA) and a male urethral sling AdVance XP (Boston Scientific, Boston, MA, USA). The indications for surgical treatment of stress urinary incontinence in men are listed, the criteria for selecting patients for the implantation of an artificial bladder sphincter and the installation of a urethral sling are described, and described in detail. Conclusion. The materials presented in the lecture will help urologists in mastering the technique of implantation of an artificial bladder sphincter and urethral sling in men.
Endoscopic extraperitoneal access to the prostate in the presence of cystostomy fistula: methodology and first results
Authors:   V.M. Buyanov Moscow state hospital, Mamaev I.E. ,   Moscow, Russia, Solovyev V.V. ,   Moscow state Outpatient centre №170; Moscow, Russia, Popova M.B. ,   V.M. Buyanov Moscow state hospital; Moscow, Russia, Guspanov R.I. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University; Moscow, Russia, Kotov S.V. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University; Moscow, Russia
Published: February 2021

Introduction. The advantages of extraperitoneal laparoscopic access to the prostate are well known - this is an opportunity to avoid the negative effects of pneumoperitoneum and the natural separation of the abdominal cavity from the surgical field. One of the drawbacks is the need to create an artifical cavity. Presence of a cystostomy fistula can significantly complicate the formation of the preperitoneal cavity. The aim of this research is to analyze our experience in creating extraperitoneoscopic access to the prostate gland in patients with cystostomy fistula. Materials and methods. From 2015 to 2019, we operated on 153 patients using extraperitoneal access to the prostate gland. Of these, 13 had a cystostomy fistula at the time of the surgery. The formation of the space was carried out according to the original technique without spacemaker balloon. After isolation of the fistulous passage, the latter intersected with suturing on the bladder side with 8-shaped (2–0 vicril). Results. In all cases, we were able to form a working space sufficient for surgical intervention. In 10 (76,93%) cases, access was created without opening the abdominal cavity, in 3 cases (23,07%) the abdominal cavity was unintentionally opened. There were no complications associated with the creation of a pre-abdominal space. Discussion. Extraperitoneal access to the prostate reduces the likelihood of damage to the abdominal organs, reduces the angle of inclination of the patient in the Trendelenburg position, does not require the creation of a pneumoperitoneum, with its adverse effect on the cardiovascular system, and also preserves the natural barriers between the surgical area and the abdominal cavity. The presence of a cystostomy in a patient is not an obstacle to this surgical access, the technical feasibility and safety of which was demonstrated in our study. Conclusion. Thus, extraperitoneal access to the prostate gland in the presence of a cystostomy fistula can be safely created in most cases.
Comparison of surgical treatment of bladder rupture
Authors:   N.V. Sklifosovsky research institute of emergency care, Isakov M.N. ,   Moscow, Russia, Mikhaylikov T.G. ,   N.V. Sklifosovsky research institute of emergency care; Moscow, Russia, Yartsev P.A. ,   N.V. Sklifosovsky research institute of emergency care; Moscow, Russia
Published: February 2021

Introduction. Еven though open bladder suturing is a traditional method of surgical treatment of intraperitoneal rupture of the bladder, laparoscopic bladder suturing is a prospective method for treating such injuries. Materials and methods. In N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute of Emergency Care during the period from January 2016 to April 2020, 22 patients with bladder injury were treated. 15 of them had an intraperitoneal rupture, 5 had an extraperitoneal rupture, and 2 had a bladder rupture. Among the affected men there were 15 (68%), women - 7 (32%), the average age of patients was 42 ± 18 years. The clinical picture was dominated by gross hematuria and pain in the lower abdomen. All patients underwent ultrasound examination (US) according to the FAST protocol, and cystography was performed in some patients. Results. 20 (91%) patients were operated and 2 (9%), with extraperitoneal rupture of the bladder, were drained by urethral catheters. Patients were divided by the method of surgical treatment into 2 groups. In the 1st group, 2 (10%) patients underwent laparoscopic suturing of the bladder with drainage of the bladder with a urethral catheter. 18 (90%) patients of the 2nd group underwent laparotomy with suturing of the bladder. Depending on the method of bladder drainage, patients were divided into the cystostomy group (group A) and the urethral catheter group (group B). Group A - 16 (73%) patients who underwent laparotomy, suturing a rupture or ruptures of the bladder, epicystostomy, drainage of the abdominal cavity and lower pelvis. Group B-4 (18%) patients after laparotomy, laparoscopy, as well as patients who underwent conservative therapy with the installation of an urethral catheter – 2 (9%). Discussion. In the world literature, there are few scientific articles on the laparoscopic method of treating bladder injury, and the presented works are based on a small sample of patients. But, despite this, the method seems to be a promising and effective method for treatment and can be used in patients with intraperitoneal rupture of the bladder with stable hemodynamics, without life-threatening concomitant injuries. Conclusion. Тhe use of open or laparoscopic suturing of the bladder without epicycostomy significantly reduces the hospital stay and allows to restore natural urination on average 7 days after surgery. Laparoscopic suturing of the bladder is an effective and alternative treatment for bladder rupture.
Klasifikasi Ujaran Kebencian pada Media Sosial Twitter Menggunakan Support Vector Machine
Authors: Oryza Habibie Rahman  , Gunawan Abdillah  , Agus Komarudin
Published: February 2021

Nowadays social media has become a place for peoples to express their opinions, there are many ways that can be done to express both positive and negative opinions. Hate speech is one of the problems that we find quite a lot in cyberspace, that things can be detrimental to many parties. Twitter as one of social media, can be used as a source of analysis about people's behavior in cyberspace. Many of our society that unconsciously act of hate speech on social media, therefore this study finds out how people's behavior patterns in cyberspace and the main issue of hate speech on a particular topic and time period by classify it into five classes, namely ethnicity, religion, race, inter-groups and neutral using Support Vector Machine. In this study also compares three kernel that common to use and the result is the system can classify hate speech by using RBF kernel and got the highest result with 93% accuracy on 700 data train and 300 data test.
CREATIVE WORK IN SCHOOLS
Authors: Tolaj Fatjeta
Published: February 2021

Kjo tezë do të trajtojë temën "Puna kreative në shkolla". Qëllimi i këtij studimi është të përcaktojë nëse puna krijuese është e përfshirë në shkolla. Ky punim u krijua bazuar në hulumtim dhe në vepra të ndryshme pedagogjike dhe psikologjike
të botuesve të ndryshëm kryesisht të huaj. Punimi shtjellohet në IV kapituj përmes të cilave synohet të sqarohet rëndësia e përfshirjes së krijimtarisë në të gjithë procesin e mësimdhënies dhe të të nxënit. Zgjedhja e çështjeve
të trajtuara në këtë punim përfshin jo vetëm imagjinatën dhe kreativitetin, por edhe çështje të tjera që lidhen me krijimtarinë, siç janë: metodat dhe teknikat e përdorura në shkolla, duke vazhduar me marrëdhëniet që mësuesit kanë
me nxënësit e tyre dhe anasjelltas. Në procesin e të mësuarit në shkollat që morën pjesë në hulumtim, krijimtaria përfshihet në procesin e të mësuarit në pothuajse të gjitha pjesët e saj. Metodat dhe teknikat e përdorura nga mësuesit
e vendosin nxënësin në qendër. Qasja e mësuesit ndaj klasës është më pak tradicionale dhe më reflektuese dhe idetë janë më të përfshira në procesin e të mësuarit. Metodologjia krijuese në klasë mbështetet nga sjelljet, teknikat,
media alternative dhe aktivitetet e përditshme udhëzuese dhe krijuese. Në fund të hulumtimit, u dha informacion shpjegues, bazuar në fakte, të cilat janë marrë nga përvoja dhe njohuritë e mësuesve që morën pjesë në hulumtim, se
si krijimtaria i ndihmon fëmijët të jenë më të sigurt, të zhvillojnë aftësitë shoqërore dhe të mësojnë më mirë.
DIGITAL ECONOMY AS A FACTOR IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SOCIAL STATE
Authors: Silenko Alla , Bezrodna Vira , Nikogosyan Olga
Published: February 2021

The digital economy is becoming a development trend in most modern countries, the basis for sustainable economic growth and living standards of the population. In this regard, it seems relevant to consider the significance of the impact of the digital economy on the welfare state. The purpose of the article is to study the influence of the digital economy on the quality and living conditions of citizens in a welfare state. Methodology. The study is based on a systemic approach, within which the digital economy has been viewed as an external phenomenon (input) that has been able to affect the welfare state system (output). Results. The hypothesis of the study that the digital economy improves the quality and living conditions of citizens in a welfare state was partially confirmed. However, it became clear that in addition to positive, the digital economy has negative consequences for people. For example, the digital economy improves the ability to solve many social problems, but at the same time creates new problems. For example, it creates new jobs, new professions, as a result of which workers in traditional professions become unclaimed. The digital economy not only solves and creates problems, but also exposes them. So, it has clearly outlined the problem of social inequality in Ukraine. Undoubtedly, the digitalization of public social services makes life easier for people, but only if they are prepared for this process. Digital illiteracy of the population, characteristic of countries lagging behind in technological development, including Ukraine, is an obstacle to the introduction of digitalization into the social sphere. At the same time, the state is not ready for the active introduction of digital technologies into the system of social policy yet due to the lack of necessary resources. Digitalization will not improve people’s lives until the state has funds for social policy. And yet, some measures are being taken in this direction.
THE USE OF SWOT ANALYSIS METHODOLOGY FOR COMPLEX EVALUATION OF ENTERPRISES’ CLUSTER ASSOCIATION DEVELOPMENT UNDER GLOBALIZATION
Authors: Galtsova Olga , Pulina Tеtіana , Holovko Oleh
Published: February 2021

The article grounds the use of SWOT analysis methodology for complex evaluation of conditions for enterprises’ cluster association development. It determines the factors that affect significantly food enterprises’ cluster association development: the legal basis and norms regulating the activities of enterprises’ cluster; attractiveness of the field and the level of competition in the sphere cluster enterprises belong to; benefits and threats from foreign environment regarding the cluster’s activity; strengths and weaknesses of cluster association’s member enterprises, their competitive opportunities; the availability of cluster structure development strategy; corporate culture type. It suggests the coefficient of level of SWOT analysis matrix margins influence on enterprises’ cluster association activities. The research results state that the level of SWOT analysis “SO” matrix margin influence on dairy industry cluster association is 0.73. It proves a significant level of this quadrant impact on enterprises’ cluster. The level of SWOT analysis ST matrix margin influence on dairy field cluster association is 0.34. It proves that there is an average level of this quadrant impact on enterprises’ cluster. The level of SWOT analysis “WO” matrix margin influence on dairy field cluster association is 0.09. It underlines an insignificant level of this quadrant influence on enterprises’ cluster. Yet, the level of SWOT analysis WT matrix margin influence on dairy industry cluster association (-0.39) is of great importance and emphasizes the threatening influence of this quadrant on enterprises’ cluster. The results of the conducted research due to SWOT analysis method are taken into account while developing the strategy of food enterprises’ cluster association development. The strategy of concentrated growth is chosen for dairy field cluster, in particular the strategy of strengthening positions in the market and the strategy of market development.
CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY IN THE SYSTEM OF INTERACTION BETWEEN STAKEHOLDERS OF CONSTRUCTION ENTERPRISES
Authors: Velychko Volodymyr , Prunenko Dmytro , Grytskov Evgeniy
Published: February 2021

It is proved that at the present stage of economic transformation, the problem of ensuring the effectiveness of interaction with stakeholders, which affect all areas of business entities is exacerbated. The cooperation of stakeholders to ensure corporate social responsibility at construction enterprises is of particular importance and requires solving the problems of the formation and implementation of corporate social responsibility in the system of interaction between stakeholders of construction enterprises. As a result of the analysis of existing scientific and methodological works, the need for the formation and implementation of corporate social responsibility in construction enterprises is determined, considering the peculiarities of interaction with stakeholders. The aim of the study is the formation of measures for the creation and implementation of corporate social responsibility at construction enterprises, considering the areas of interaction with stakeholders. The article solves the tasks of identifying stakeholders interacting with construction enterprises, substantiating theoretical approaches to determining corporate social responsibility of construction enterprises, assessing the level of influence of corporate social responsibility on the functioning of construction enterprises, taking into account the peculiarities of interaction with stakeholders . The indicators that form corporate social responsibility are identified, and the corresponding integral indicator is evaluated, which allows us to create a quantitative basis for making informed management decisions. The necessity of developing measures to increase the efficiency of the formation and use of corporate social responsibility at construction enterprises is established. The subject of the study is corporate social responsibility in the system of stakeholder relations of construction companies. The formation of the research methodology is based on the definition of stakeholders and corporate social responsibility, the use of classification (to form and determine stakeholder factors affecting corporate social responsibility of construction companies), analytical and expert evaluation method (to assess the general criterion of stakeholders' impact on corporate social responsibility construction companies). The purpose of the study is to form a quantitative basis for making sound management decisions on the formation and use of corporate social responsibility in the system of stakeholder relations of construction companies. The result of the study is to determine the directions and features of increasing the effectiveness of the formation and use of corporate social responsibility in construction companies in the system of stakeholder relations, which are developed based on the results of assessing the generalized criterion of stakeholder interaction on corporate social responsibility.
ANALYTICAL THEORY : GEGAR BUDAYA (CULTURE SHOCK)
Authors: Maizan Sabrina Hasyyati , Bashori Khoiruddin , Hayati Elly Nur
Published: February 2021

Pada era globalisasi saat ini mampu mempengaruhi berkembangnya teknologi dengan sangat pesat, masyarakat diharapkan memiliki kemampuan untuk mengejar perkembangan tersebut untuk meningkatkan kemampuan yang memungkinkan masyarakat mendatangi atau berpindah ke daerah lain yang mampu mendukung mereka dari segala aspek. Berpindahnya masyarakat dari daerah asal ke daerah baru menimbulkan pergeseran budaya yang dikarenakan adanya perbedaan bahasa, pola kehidupan serta agama. Perubahan seperti ini dapat memicu timbulnya stressor psikososial seperti adanya hambatan dalam berkomunikasi, timbulnya perasaan terasingkan hingga mampu memunculkan kecemasan pada diri individu, hal seperti inilah yang disebut dengan gegar budaya (culture shock). Literatur review dibuat bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan fenomena gegar budaya (culture shock). Kesimpulan yang paling menonjol dari mendeskripsikan teori teori yang ada mengenai gegar budaya ini yaitu terdapat perbedaan secara nama tetapi memiliki makna teoritik atau konseptual yang hampir sama di setiap fasenya.
THE RELATİONSHİP BETWEEN JOB SATİSFACTİON AND AFFECTİVE COMMİTMENT AMONG ADMİNİSTRATİVE STAFF İN SAUDİ ARABİA
Authors: Almasradi Rajeh Bati , Panatik Siti Aisyah , Noordin Nurul Farhana
Published: February 2021

Previous researches revealed that there is a relationship between job satisfaction and commitment which in turn benefit the workplaces positively. Organizational commitment consisted of three dimensions, namely affective, commitment, continues commitment, and normative commitment. Job satisfaction has been considered as an important predictor to enhance affective commitment among employees.  Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to look at the relationship between job satisfaction and affective commitment among employees of higher learning institutions of Saudi Arabia. This paper employed survey method in collecting data from a sample of 373 administrative employees selected from Saudi Arabian universities., which will further the understanding of the link between affective commitment and job satisfaction. The data were analyzed using descriptive, correlation and regression through SPSS Version 23. The findings of this paper indicate that job satisfaction has a positive effect on affective commitment at higher learning institutions of Saudi Arabia. This paper also provides discussion on the practical implication of this study toward the higher learning institution in Saudi Arabia.
Pengembangan Alat Uji Efisiensi Lampu Berbasis Mikrokontroller Arduino Uno untuk Evaluasi Tingkat Pencahayaan Lampu Meja Belajar di Laboratorium Fisika-Mekatronika Politeknik STTT Bandung
Authors: Putra Valentinus Galih Vidia , Wijayono Andrian , Ngadiyono Ngadiyono , Purnomosari Endah
Published: February 2021

In this research, a light efficiency test tool has been designed using an Arduino UNO microcontroller to provide an understanding of the use of the ohm law application in basic physics practicum. This lamp efficiency test prototype uses an LDR sensor device and a resistor connected to the Arduino microcontroller as a light intensity detector, while the variation of electrical power is used by an AC variac with the lamp distance to the sensor having a constant value. The experimental results showed that the efficiency of the lamp can be obtained through a gradient of the luminosity curve on electric power. The efficiency of the lamp is 16.935 lm/watt and the average resistance can be obtained on 983.01  which the intensity in lux is 337,05 lux on 157,68 Lm and the maximum intensity in lux can be obtained on 453,35 lux on 208,54 Lm.
Pengukuran Ketepatan Alignment Sistem Penjejak Gerak Benda Langit dengan Metode Drift Berbantuan Tracker
Authors: Hakim Lukmanul , Pramudya Yudhiakto
Published: February 2021

The simulation of the drift method application using a celestial body tracker has been done. Experiments were carried out by recording the movement of a celestial body tracker with variation orientation of polar angle and azimuth from the true south and polar angle a particular location. The variation is between -2° to +2°. It was found that the greater the difference  in the mounting orientation from the true orientation, the greater the shift in altitude and azimuth of the celestial object’s path.
Verifiable Structure of Technological Processes in Dynamic 3D Models of Railway Stations
Authors: Golovnich A. K.
Published: February 2021

The article is devoted to the study of technological processes at railway stations reproduced in a threedimensional model from the standpoint of assessing reliability of the development of those processes. The identifiable simulated and virtual processes are matched against specific comparative positions. The benchmark is a fixed set of technological series of operations for processing wagon flows of all categories at a particular railway station.

To provide adequacy of model reconstruction to the prototype, the emerging waiting time and downtime of rolling stock are considered, which are introduced into the model as special split states of main spatial locations of rolling stock. The concept of «paraphysical structures» is introduced into the developed model of the station, which comprises any conditions impossible according to physical canons and irrational according to technological requirements regarding the objects of track development and rolling stock. The logic of program control over similar states of modelled structures is based on the analysis of the allowed positions of station objects when performing reference technological operations. Slowdown in station operations can be a forerunner to waiting or downtime.

An important methodological basis for the technique for developing a dynamic model of a station includes formation of a system of internal program analysis of the current situation, recognition of the moment of occurrence of a paraphysical situation and its anticipation by transforming it into normally developing standard situation. The adapting module of the information prototyping environment should be an intelligent agent with developed ability of generating exceptional situations based on comparative tests conducted by it, of developing an appropriate knowledge base and of using it in the process of further operations without any external users’ participation.

The objective of the study, described in the article, is associated with dev elopment of general requirements for a dynamic model of a railway station, functioning adequately to a real technical system due to assessment of reliability of reproduced station technological processes.
System of Remote Monitoring of Technical Objects
Authors: Korotky A. A. , Demyanov A. A. , Demyanov A. A.
Published: February 2021

Currently, digitalization, being implemented in all spheres of human activity, including transport processes, requires efficiency in obtaining and processing information, as well as timeliness of decisions made on its basis. The modern system of operation of railway traction rolling stock is characterized by the lack of online information about the current technical condition and the residual life of its components for decision making.

The article proposes to solv e the problem by implementing an adaptive system for remote online monitoring of technical parameters of operated objects into the field of traction rolling stock operation. The adaptive system contains software related to recommendation decision support systems. A distinctive feature of the system is the presence of elements of artificial intelligence, which self-learns by combinatorial processing of the historical database on operation of this or a similar technical object and current performance indicators corresponding to them.

The proposed information processing algorithm is versatile and, in principle, can work with a variety of data sources, including existing traction rolling stock safety devices. Online monitoring of technical parameters of operated objects can be extended to both cargo-passenger rolling stock and related auxiliary machinery and devices (track machines, cranes, hump retarders, etc.). Based on the analysis of the information received, the software generates and transmits recommendations regarding current urgent actions for managing staff and maintenance personnel.

In addition, the proposed technology makes it possible to predict indicators of accidents at operated objects in real time, providing an opportunity to facilitate the diagnostic process, optimize organisation of maintenance, reduce the cost of maintaining rolling stock, and increase safety of the transportation process.

The adaptive system of remote online monitoring of operational safety of technical objects, considered in the article, through a risk-based approach, is a unique development that has no analogues.
Methodical Approach to Organisation of Transportation on Electric Bus Routes
Authors: Kudryshov M. A. , Prokopenkov A. V. , Ayriev R. S.
Published: February 2021

When developing projects for introduction of electric buses into operation and determining the required infrastructure, it is necessary to justify the concept and methodological approaches to choosing of routes, to estimate the number of charging stations, depending on their type, and to conduct economic assessment of the proposed solutions in specific operating conditions.

The article discusses the main issues of organising operation of buses with electric traction (electric buses) on the routes of public urban surface transport. A primary analysis of both current and prospective electric bus routes was carried out regarding the city of Moscow.

Adaptive calculation methods are proposed based on classical methods for determining the required number of vehicles for a route regarding a given transit capacity, passenger traffic flow, and a given traffic interval.

The current and prospective schemes for location of charging stations are considered, a method for determining their required number is proposed.

A methodological approach of determining direct costs associated with transportation has been adapted to operation of electric buses on the route.
History of Mathematical Olympiads
Authors: Platonova O. A.
Published: February 2021

Any Olympiad is one of the most significant forms of development of human cognitive activity. Mathematical Olympiads for schoolchildren have been held in our country for several decades. Such a «long life» of the Olympiad movement speaks of importance of this form. The article discusses the main stages of formation and development of mathematical Olympiads. A brief overview of emergence of the olympic movement in Russia and other countries is given. A special place is given to the experience of holding such Olympiads within the walls of Russian University of Transport, where mathematical Olympiads have been held since 2000. Therefore, the current year can be considered an anniversary year. The article presents some forms of work with schoolchildren that preceded the emergence of mathematical Olympiads within the University. The importance of such work, which is aimed at developing interest in engineering education and a deeper study of mathematics, is discussed.
On the Water like on the Dry Land
Authors: Shelikhova A. K.
Published: February 2021

A short review is devoted to the history of the bridges and other means of crossing rivers by transport vehicles in St. Petersburg. The line of electric tram laid directly on the ice of the frozen river is among most uncommon engineering solutions.
Reformer of the Railways and of the Country
Authors: Shapkin I. N.
Published: February 2021

LevinD. Yu. S. Yu. Witte– railwayman, an outstanding statesman [S. Yu. Witte– zheleznodorozhnik, vydayushchiisya gosudarstvenniy deyatel]. Moscow, Railway training and methodological centre, 2020, 376 p. ISBN 978-5- 907206-02-1.

Books about the «outstanding railway man No. 1» are published quite often, especially since 2019 that marked his 170th birthday. The personality of Sergey Yulievich Witte has always attracted connoisseurs and lovers of Russian history. Dmitry Levin’s new book «S. Yu. Witte – railwayman, an outstanding statesman» [S. Yu. Witte – zheleznodorozhnik, vydayushchiisya gosudarstvenniy deyatel’] is about him, a reformer who began his career on the railway. The author of the first Charter of Railways, the creator of the theory of tariffs, the initiator of the reform of construction and operation of railways, the acting head of construction of the Trans-Siberian Railway, who became a politician, statesman, diplomat, financier – this is a small part of what Witte had managed to do for the country
The Problem of Data Mining in Modelling Traffic Flows in a Megapolis
Authors: Kuftinova N. G.
Published: February 2021

The article discusses the problems of using data mining in a transport model as a digital platform for analysing data on traffic flows in a megapolis, and prerequisites for creation in future of single data banks and an integrated environment for interaction of models of different levels as clusters of the digital economy, which will consider all modes of transport to assess transport demand and develop projects for organizing traffic in a megapolis.

The objective of the work is to study the processes of obtaining quantitative characteristics of objects of transport modelling when creating a single electronic environment by calculating the derived parameters of the transport network of a megapolis. Quantitative spatial characteristics of an object are associated with calculating the distance from a city centre and a main street and are determined using geographic information systems entailing consequent problem of data unification and efficient data storage.

As part of achieving that objective, it is shown that it is necessary to create a preprocessing and validation procedure for all primary transport data, since data sources have different formats and spatial interpolation of tracking data. For this, it is recommended to use various methods of data analysis based on GIS technologies, digital terrain modelling, topology of the road network and other objects of the transport network of a megapolis. Besides, the use of intelligent data should be preceded by formatting and grouping the source data in real time. The most common errors arise at the stage of the iterative process for obtaining quantitative characteristics of objects of transport modelling and building the optimal route in terms of travel time along a certain transport network.

The existing trends of urban growth require global digitalization of all transport infrastructure objects, considering changes in the functions of the transport environment and in intensity of traffic flows. Theis entails further development and implementation of new information technologies for data processing using neural networks and other digital technologies.
Evaluation of the Electromagnetic Effect of Traction Rolling Stock on Track Circuits
Authors: Dimitrov R.
Published: February 2021

The regulations regarding railways currently in force in Bulgaria require that each new type of locomotive, to get access to railway infrastructure, must undergo a procedure for checking its electromagnetic effect on functioning of track circuits.

The relevant testing was carried out for seven types of AC and DC track circuits and for six types of locomotives intended to be put into operation (five electric locomotives and a diesel locomotive).

Schematic diagrams of testing conditions are presented. During the tests the voltage waveform, frequency, and level rates at the terminals of the track receiver (on the track relay coil) were recorded for a free (normal (common) mode) and occupied (shunt mode) track circuit during the action of return traction current of electric locomotives, as well as during the action of impacts caused by operation of electrical equipment located in the body and under the frame of the diesel locomotive.

For electric locomotives, the tests were carried out during the shunting of track circuits (of a tested one and of the track circuit adjacent to it), starting from the rest, lowering and raising pantographs. For a diesel locomotive, tests were carried out in a stationary mode, when inner wheelsets shunted the insulating joints of two adjacent track circuits and for different cases of arrangement of the equipment of the relay and receiver ends. During the tests, the state of the armature and contacts of track relays was monitored. The amplitude of the recorded interference was compared with voltage of reliable switching off/ on of track relays/track receivers. It was found that during the shunt mode, the recorded residual voltage in the track receiver under the action of the electric locomotive was 50 or more times lower than the reliable operate voltage and 33 or more times lower than the reliable drop-out voltage of the receiver. For a diesel locomotive, the results turned out to be similar, except for the case of shorter DC track circuits, where the amplitude of the interference was higher, but without a dangerous effect on the shunt mode.

Based on the results of the tests, it was established that all types of track circuits used on the railways of Bulgaria are resistant to electromagnetic interference emanating from tested samples of traction rolling stock.
Psicologia & saúde treino de habilidades de vida e saúde mental em universitários
Authors: Carmo Leide Silva do , Valerio Nelson Iguimar
Published: February 2021

Several factors can cause damage to the mental health of university students, e.g. academic adaptation, housing change, distance from family and friends, and dealing with stressors regarding new requirements, which need some resources to cope with such situations. The content of this book, from the Master's Dissertation developed by the authors at the Stricto-Sensu Psychology and Health Post-Graduation Program at the Medical School of São José do Rio Preto - FAMERP, aims at describing the presence of mental disorders and demonstrating the implementation of a life-skills training in university students (Medicine and Nursing), randomly chosen in a teaching institution in a medium-sized city, interior of São Paulo state. The participants expressed high symptoms of anxiety, depression and stress in the initial evaluation, however, after the training of group life skills, they showed significant improvements with maintenance of these rates during the follow-up. This training can be stood out to improve the mental health and life skills of the students. It is likely that the intervention group may have helped these students to cope with negative pressures, avoiding risky behaviors, communicating effectively; moreover, coping with adaptations and changes in such academic process. It is worthwhile to point out that this study may encourage further research in relation to mental health and life-skills in university students, and that it will encourage the insertion of programs with these skills training, due to their effectiveness, low cost, the participants´ acceptance, improvement in mental health, and provide increasing academic performance.
A FORMAÇÃO DOS PROFESSORES DOS ANOS INICIAIS QUE ENSINAM MATEMÁTICA
Authors: de Carvalho Cunha do Amara Fernando Antonio , de Jesus José Alberto
Published: February 2021

Este capítulo apresenta reflexões acerca da formação do professor dos anos iniciais com formação
em Pedagogia que ensinam matemática, refletindo quais os saberes docentes e matemáticos este
profissional precisa desenvolver para exercer com qualidade a sua função, entrelaçando as suas
experiências já adquiridas. A metodologia aplicada foi a pesquisa bibliografia que possibilitou ao
pesquisador manter um contato direto com o tema investigado. Conclui-se que existem professores
que ensinam Matemática do mesmo modo como foram ensinados e alguns possuem resistência de
realizar um trabalho em sala de aula que conduza o estudante a reflexão e não apenas a decorar
fórmulas e mais fórmulas para serem aplicadas no dia da avaliação. Tudo isso são resultados das
crenças que o professor construiu e até mesmo vivenciou quando estudantes na educação básica.
Phương pháp thống kê xây dựng mô hình định mức tín nhiệm khách hàng thể nhân
Authors: AISDL
Published: February 2021

Phương pháp thống kê xây dựng mô hình định mức tín nhiệm khách hàng thể nhânTác giả: Vương Quân Hoàng, Đào Gia Hưng, Nguyễn Văn Hữu, Trần Minh Ngọc & Lê Hồng PhươngVietnam Journal of Mathematical Applications / Tạp chí Ứng dụng Toán học (December 15, 2006); Volume 4, Number 2, Pages 1-16
SRPX is differentially expressed in both lymph node and brain metastases in human breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: February 2021

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with brain metastasis in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that sushi repeat containing protein X-linked, encoded by SRPX, was among the genes whose expression was most quantitatively different in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer. SRPX mRNA was present at decreased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Importantly, expression of SRPX in primary tumors was significantly correlated with patient overall survival in patients with breast cancer. Modulation of SRPX expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the brain.
The CRAN bayesvl package on Yeungnam University
Authors: AISDL
Published: February 2021

The CRAN bayesvl package on Yeungnam UniversityThe Comprehensive R Archive Network (CRAN)December 5, 2019The R Core Team | Yeungnam Universityhttps://cran.yu.ac.kr/web/packages/bayesvl/index.html
INPP5D is a differentially expressed gene in brain metastatic human breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: February 2021

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with brain metastasis in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that inositol polyphosphate-5-phosphatase D, encoded by INPP5D, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast. INPP5D mRNA was present at decreased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Importantly, expression of INPP5D in primary tumors was correlated with patient distant metastasis-free survival. Modulation of INPP5D expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.