bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A influência da mídia nos transtornos alimentares e na autoimagem em adolescentes
Authors: Copetti Aline Vieira Sá , Quiroga Carolina Villanova
Published: December 2018

A anorexia e a bulimia nervosa são transtornos alimentares (TAs) de etiologia complexa e multifatorial. Adolescentes são a população mais acometida por estes transtornos, apresentando casos sérios e com alta morbidade. Com a globalização e a mudança do padrão estético vigente, vem se preconizando uma imagem corporal magra e longilínea. Para se sentirem pertencentes ao meio social e perceber uma autoimagem positiva, optam pela mudança de seu comportamento alimentar de forma drástica. Este artigo propõe uma revisão narrativa da literatura, buscando discutir questões ligadas à mídia, ao padrão estético vigente e como estes podem influenciar no desenvolvimento de TAs nas adolescentes. Verificou-se que redes sociais e comunidades na internet podem influenciar o surgimento ou agravar os TAs. Intervenções baseadas na terapia cognitivo-comportamental demonstraram alta eficácia. Observa-se a importância do trabalho multidisciplinar no tratamento desta população, com intervenções coesas e assertivas, bem como o papel fundamental da família. Mostram-se necessárias mais pesquisas empíricas que pautem o desenvolvimento de técnicas de intervenção baseadas em evidências. Estimula-se ainda a reflexão sobre como a meios de comunicação podem influenciar positivamente na desmistificação do padrão estético vigente, bem como para importância de incentivar o pensamento crítico das adolescentes acerca do que observam propagados na mídia.
O idoso na mídia do Distrito Federal: perdas e ganhos no envelhecimento
Authors: Galeno Luciene Souza , Chariglione Isabelle Patriciá Freitas Soares , Sallorenzo Lucia Henriques , Da Silva Henrique Salmazo
Published: December 2018

A mídia oferece o retrato social de como a velhice é abordada, assumindo papéis que variam em função dos interesses, embates e dilemas sociais. O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar como a mídia jornalística do Distrito Federal (DF) representa o idoso e as perdas e ganhos no envelhecimento. Para isso foram analisadas 59 matérias sobre a velhice veiculadas pelo Jornal Correio Braziliense entre outrubro/2017 a fevereiro/2018. A análise textual das matérias foi feita por meio de categorias e de nuvem de palavras utilizando-se o software IRAMUTEQ. Foram observadas quatro classes de palavras: Estudo (34,1%), Televisão (24,4%), Por-cento (22,7%), Morar (18,8%). Dessas classes, a que mais representou o processo de perdas e ganhos no envelhecimento foi a classe “Estudo”. Na nuvem de palavras observaram-se relações de acréscimo e negação às classes investigadas. Em conjunto esses dados indicam que a representação do idoso no Distrito Federal é plural e foi permeada por assuntos relacionados a saúde, mídia, economia e moradia.
Perfil de Homens Autores de Violência Contra a Mulher: Uma Análise Documental
Authors: Scott Juliano Beck , De Oliveira Isabel Fernandes
Published: December 2018

Objetivou-se, neste estudo, analisar o perfil de homens autores de violência doméstica, a fim de contribuir com estratégias de enfrentamento e de prevenção. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa de base documental realizada a partir de fichas de atendimento do núcleo pesquisado que se encontra localizado em uma capital da região nordeste do Brasil, reconhecida pelos seus altos índices de violência contra a mulher. Foram analisadas as fichas de 241 homens, abarcando o período de setembro de 2012 a setembro de 2017. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de conteúdo. Os principais resultados corroboram com estudos encontrados na literatura, indicando que, em sua maioria, os homens possuíam vínculo com a agredida, pertenciam a estratos mais pauperizados e praticaram violência física. Além disso, os resultados apontam que o perfil encontrado remete à uma classe estruturalmente criminalizável, demonstrando a seletividade criminal existente em nossa sociedade, a qual incide sobre o estado das relações de poder entre as classes sociais. Os resultados também apontaram aspectos relacionados à culpabilização/responsabilização da mulher pela violência sofrida.
Escolha de Franquias Considerando Decisão Multicritério e Avaliação de Rentabilidade-Risco
Authors: Mynarski Silveira Fernando
Published: December 2018

O presente trabalho propõe um modelo para seleção das franquias mais atraentes por parte de um pretenso franqueado. Para tanto, fazendo-se uso da estrutura que contempla os principais fatores de escolha de franquias desenvolvida por Silveira (2016), foram utilizadas duas técnicas para subsidiar tecnicamente qual seria a franquia mais indicada a ser escolhida: (i) O método de decisão multicritério MAUT (Multi-Attribute Utility Theory), e (ii) O método de Monte Carlo. Foram investigadas franquias de seis segmentos na praça de Porto Alegre, Brasil: (i) Escola infantil de idiomas; (ii) Loja de conveniência de postos de combustíveis; (iii) Troca de óleo de postos de combustíveis; (iv) Imobiliária; (v) Relojoaria e ótica; e (vi) Saúde, beleza e bem estar. Ao final, compararam-se os resultados convergentes e divergentes de ambas as ferramentas, fazendo-se uma breve análise da vantagem do uso do método de Monte Carlo sobre o uso do MAUT.
A Influência do Modelo Weberiano de Burocracia na Escola Clássica, Escola de Relações Humanas e Abordagem Comportamental
Authors: Pavanelo Pivetta Natália , Alves Pacheco de Campos Simone , Scherer Flavia Luciane
Published: December 2018

Um dos mais poderosos analistas da modernidade foi Max Weber, por meio de seus estudos a respeito da corporação burocrática moderna, o autor contribuiu de forma significativa para a teoria organizacional. Diante da importância deste teórico, este ensaio tem como objetivo analisar a influência do modelo weberiano de burocracia na Escola Clássica, Escola de Relações Humanas e Abordagem Comportamental. Para isso, neste estudo são tratados alguns aspectos do modelo weberiano, bem como sua características e a influência nas escolas selecionadas. A partir das análises do estudo, pode-se perceber que o modelo burocrático weberiano contribuiu para a teoria das organizações de forma ímpar. Por meio de sua percepção, Weber identificou algumas características da realidade que proporcionaram o desenvolvimento estrutural das organizações de hoje. A vista dos resultados apresentados ao decorrer do texto, considera-se relevante dar continuidade a este assunto, realizando-se futuras pesquisas a respeito da influência weberiana na Teoria Organizacional levando em consideração as escolas que não foram tratadas ao longo deste trabalho.
Influências do Tempo de Atuação na Área Contábil, Escolaridade dos Pais e da Faixa Salarial na Presença de Heurística em Decisões Orçamentárias
Authors: Gallina André Sekunda , Ferreira Júlio Cézar , Toigo Leandro Augusto , Dal Vesco Delci Grapégia
Published: December 2018

O presente estudo tem por objetivo verificar qual o grau de correlação entre as variáveis: tempo de atuação na área contábil, escolaridade dos pais e faixa salarial com a presença (ou não) de heurísticas nas decisões ligadas ao orçamento. Estudos anteriores evidenciam que é recorrente a tomada de decisões relacionadas ao orçamento empresarial com apoio de heurísticas, que, de modo sucinto, seriam atalhos mentais utilizados pelos tomadores de decisões, para facilitar ou encurtar o processo de tomada da decisão, porém, que muitas vezes, dada a ausência de critérios técnicos e científicos, pode conduzir a uma decisão equivocada, causando prejuízos à organização. Assim, para identificar se as variáveis de interesse da pesquisa contribuem para explicar a ocorrência de heurísticas ligadas ao orçamento, é que se elaborou o presente estudo. A coleta de dados se deu mediante a utilização de questionário eletrônico, distribuído a estudantes de pós-graduação de instituições públicas e privadas de Foz do Iguaçu, Cascavel, e demais cidades da região. Após a realização dos testes estatísticos propostos pelo estudo, verificou-se que de fato há presença de heurísticas nas decisões orçamentárias tomadas pela amostra, porém, não se logrou êxito em confirmar as hipóteses de trabalho formuladas para o estudo, visto que não há correlação entre as variáveis definidas pelos autores e a presença de heurísticas nas decisões orçamentárias, resultado esse que se coaduna com pesquisas anteriores ligadas ao tema, sugerindo que o tema ainda é incipiente na literatura, carecendo de maiores e mais aprofundados estudos para sua adequada compreensão.
Direcionadores de Ecoinovação e seus Impactos: Estudo de Caso na Zona Franca de Manaus
Authors: Aloise Pedro Gilberto , Silva Daniel Faturi , Macke Janaina
Published: December 2018

Um dos pontos de relevância do Relatório da Comissão Mundial do Meio Ambiente e Desenvolvimento, de 1987, diz respeito a utilização não predatória dos recursos naturais e a degradação do meio ambiente. As inovações surgem como meio de se atingir estes objetivos e as organizações tem um importante papel a cumprir neste sentido. Os estudos organizacionais sobre ecoinovação (EI), estão concentrados em países desenvolvidos e a literatura tem recomendado novas pesquisas para se analisar fatores e condições específicas em países em desenvolvimento. A pesquisa buscou identificar os direcionadores de ecoinovações, nas indústrias instaladas no Polo Industrial da Zona Franca de Manaus. A metodologia da pesquisa apresenta-se na forma de estudo de caso, com análise quantitativa e coleta realizada por meio de survey, com amostra de indústrias instaladas em Manaus. A pesquisa contribui com a teoria de ecoinovação na Zona Franca de Manaus, identificando, quantificando e analisando os impactos dos direcionadores regionais de ecoinovação, conforme proposto em estudos anteriores. A biodiversidade amazônica é o principal fator potencial que pode direcionar ecoinovações, através do desenvolvimento de novos produtos, por meio de biotecnologias, biofármacos, biocosméticos e fitoterápicos. Outros direcionadores identificados estão relacionados às mudanças na legislação local, recursos para Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento, cursos inovadores, desenvolvimento de processos reversos,  certificação ambiental, competitividade, criatividade e continuidade dos negócios. Por fim, a pesquisa proporcionou insights para a proposição de estudos futuros relacionados a direcionadores de ecoinovações, tanto no campo téorico quanto no seu avançao no ambiente de empresas e pólos como a Zona Franca de Manaus.
Contenido de los códigos deontológicos
Authors: Riofrío Martínez-Villalba Juan Carlos
Published: December 2018

La Ley Orgánica de Comunicación, aprobada en Ecuador en el 2013, estipula la obligatoriedad de los medios de presentar sus códigos deontológicos. ¿Qué contenidos mínimos deben tener estas normativas? ¿Qué plazos tienen las instituciones para promulgarlos? Esta y otras inquietudes legales responden el jurista Juan Carlos Riofrío en este artículo. De entrada, cree que las exigencias no deben ser iguales para una radio comunitaria formada por una persona que para un periódico con 100 empleados.
Introduction to Data Journalism
Authors: Sanderson Tom
Published: December 2018

La investigación periodística se basa en datos más que en declaraciones. En la era digital, el reto de hacer periodismo de datos es la visualización global. No solo implica mostrar números y estadísticas, sino personalizarlos para las audiencias, que las discutan en sus redes sociales. Los periodistas deben encontrar una historia para mostrar esa amplia información o big data de forma digerible. Aquí las claves que Sanderson explicó durante un taller en Quito durante el Congreso Internacional Periodismo en Debate 2017.
Tendencias y soluciones como noticias
Authors: Orbe Tania , Devichand Mukul
Published: December 2018

El periodista de la BBC Mukul Devichand habla de las nuevas tendencias del periodismo digital y cómo las aplica en su trabajo diario en Londres. En este testimonio, expone cómo fueron concebidas dos secciones creadas por él: BBC Trending y BBC World Hacks. La primera recoge en noticias las tendencias de las redes sociales que van desde política hasta turismo. Y la segunda, en cambio, encaja en el periodismo de soluciones, pues trata sobre las alternativas viables a los problemas del mundo y persigue las noticias positivas e inspiradoras.
Periodismo emprendedor y transmedia en Ecuador: Un estudio etnográfico de GK y La Posta.
Authors: Loor Miguel
Published: December 2018

Este trabajo reflexiona sobre la innovación periodística en Ecuador desde los aportes del periodismo emprendedor y transmedia. La investigación presenta los casos de dos medios nativos digitales: GK y La Posta. A través de etnografías en sus salas de redacción, se discute sobre las motivaciones profesionales de los periodistas, y la estructura y organización de sus agendas editoriales. Además, se debate sobre el concepto de independencia editorial con relación a sus formas de financiamiento y otros desafíos frente a las transformaciones que experimenta el periodismo en la actualidad. También, el artículo analiza la aplicación de las narrativas transmedia en sus productos periodísticos. De esta forma, este trabajo propone cuáles son los cambios y las continuidades en el periodismo local, a partir de la influencia del emprendimiento y la tecnología.
MODEL PEMBELAJARAN THINK TALK WRITE DALAM MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN MENULIS SISWA MADRASAH TSANAWIYAH
Authors: Tun Khaya
Published: December 2018

Keterampilan berbahasa Indonesia siswa cenderung masih rendah dan belum optimal, khususnya keterampilan menulis teks berita. Sehingga diperlukan suatu model pembelajaran yang dapat mengoptimalkan kemampuan tersebut, salah satunya dalah dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran Berpikir Berbicara Menulis. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas (Classroom Action Research). Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah perencanaan, tindakan, observasi, dan refleksi. Pengumpulan data diperoleh dari dua bentuk penilaian yaitu (1) bentuk tes dan (2) bentuk nontes, dengan tujuan untuk mengukur peningkatan keterampilan menulis teks berita dengan model pembelajaran Berpikir Berbicara Menulis pada peserta didik kelas VIII A MTs. NU Hasyim Asy’ari 03 Kudus. Analisis akhir dalam penelitian ini diketahui bahwa keterampilan menulis teks berita dengan model pembelajaran Berpikir Berbicara Menulis pada peserta didik kelas VIII A MTs. NU Hasyim Asy’ari 03 Kudus didapati adanya peningkatan dari prasiklus ke siklus I mengalami peningkatan nilai sebesar 7,7%, sedangkan dari siklus I ke siklus II mengalami peningkatan nilai sebesar 10,2%. Untuk perilaku peserta didik mulai siklus I ke siklus II mengalami perubahan ke arah positif. Indonesian language skills of students tend to be low and not optimal, especially the skills of writing news text. So it takes a learning model that can optimize the ability, one of the learning model is Think Talk Write. This research was a classroom action research. Data collection methods used in this study were planning, action, observation, and reflection. Data collections were mainly derived from two forms of assessment (1) test form and (2) non-test form, with the aim to measure the improvement of news text writing skills using Think Talk Write model for students of class VIII A MTs. NU Hashim Asy'ari 03 Kudus. Findings of the study on the students’ writing skill using Think Talk Write showed that there was an increase obtained from pre-cycle to cycle I for about 7.7%, and from cycle I to cycle II around 10.2% increase. For the behavioral point of view, the students tend to change (to some extent) in a positive direction from cycle I to cycle II. Kata kunci: keterampilan menulis, teks berita, pembelajaran think talk write
El yihad y el tratamiento de la guerra en el Corán
Authors: De León Azcárate Juan Luis
Published: December 2018

The present study analyzes the meaning of the concept of jihad in the Qur’an, the main foundational text of Islam, and its treatment of violence and war. The study emphasizes the need to understand the foundational texts considered sacred, taking into account the historical context in which they arose, and concludes that the quranic rules on jihad and war participate in a religious-inspired humanitarianism that differs fully from the practices of jihadist terrorism.

Received: 11 June 2018
Accepted: 15 September 2018
Published online: 11 December 2018
A festa do Espírito Santo: rituais e movimentos além-mar de Portugal
Authors: De Souza Aires Maria do Socorro Rodrigues
Published: December 2018

*
Despesa pública e ordem simbólica: PEC 241 e as representações oficiais
Authors: Moretti Bruno
Published: December 2018

Este artigo aborda a retórica oficial e seus argumentos para a aprovação da Emenda à Constituição (PEC 241/2016), que impõe limite para o crescimento dos gastos públicos por vinte anos, correspondente à inflação do período anterior. Procura-se mostrar que os problemas públicos são construídospor meio de operações linguísticas que transformam dados em representações sociais, elaborando definições coletivas que autorizam escolhas políticas. Essas definições postulam legitimidade com base na autoridade burocrática e científica da economia ortodoxa. No caso da PEC 241, seus defensores procuram legitimá-la mediante a articulação discursiva entre gasto e crise. Será visto que a eficácia simbólica de uma linguagem do domínio público (no qual se definem os problemas sociais e suas soluções, em correspondência com uma ordemsimbólica) requer que se reconheça que o agente oficial tem a autoridade de falar e agir em nome do coletivo. Consequentemente, a luta pelo controle dos instrumentos de ação socialmente homologados está associada à capacidade de nomear o que é o interesse público.
Conflitos socioambientais envolvendo a pesca artesanal na baía de Ilha Grande - Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Joventino Fátima Karine Pinto , Johnsson Rosa Maria Formiga
Published: December 2018

Este artigo apresenta os principais conflitos envolvendo a pesca artesanal na Baía de Ilha Grande – BIG, no estado do Rio de Janeiro. A metodologia envolveu a observação direta em reuniões relacionadas a conselhos consultivos e grupos de trabalho em unidades de conservação, além de apresentações públicas sobre a proposta de “Acordos de Pesca” e audiências públicas (entre julho de 2010 a abril de 2013). De forma complementar, a pesquisa se baseou em uma extensae vasta análise documental, além de entrevistas. Os conflitos foram caracterizados em três grandes categorias: i) resultantes da sobreposição dos pesqueiros e áreas protegidas; ii) associados aos “barcos de fora”; e iii) resultantes da falta de regularização/ permissionamento. Em síntese, esses conflitos envolvem políticas de desenvolvimento e de conservação, que se confrontam com o modo de vida tradicional dos pescadores artesanaise caiçaras, além do papel paradoxal do Estado no estabelecimento das regras enormas de ordenamento.
O trabalho análogo ao escravo: conceitos e ações institucionais
Authors: Barroso Márcia Regina Castro , Pessanha Elina Gonçalves da Fonte
Published: December 2018

O presente trabalho visa expor os resultados de nossa pesquisa em relação à temática do trabalho análogo ao escravo no Brasil. Visamos mapear e analisar as principais iniciativas institucionais que têm sido efetivadas em relação ao tema, bem como a problematização de sua diversidade conceitual: diferentes formas de nomear o problema ocasionam diferentes arcabouços legais e institucionais nas propostas de soluções. O conceito brasileiro “trabalho análogo ao escravo”, ainda que essencialmente baseado no conceito de trabalho forçado estabelecido nas normas da OIT (Organização Internacional do Trabalho) sobre o assunto, ainda inclui a noção de condições degradantes de trabalho, de jornada exaustiva, e ainda a de servidão por dívida. Nesse sentido, analisamos também as ações que têm sido efetivadas em termos de combate ao trabalho escravo dando ênfase na articulação entre a OIT e demais instituições da sociedade brasileira.
Wright Mills e a sociologia do conhecimento: pragmatismo e interacionismo simbólico
Authors: Costa Diogo Valença De Azevedo
Published: December 2018

O sociólogo norte-americano C. Wright Mills (1916-1962) é geralmente conhecido pelos seus estudos sobre estratificação social, elites, classes médias, líderes sindicais e a estrutura de poder nos Estados Unidos. A sua produção teórica de caráter sociológico e de fortes afinidades com a reflexão filosóficafoi pouco debatida aqui no Brasil. No entanto, o início de sua trajetória acadêmica se caracteriza justamente por um trabalho de cunho epistemológico no campo da sociologia do conhecimento, a tese de doutorado defendida em 1942 sob o título A sociological account of pragmatism: an essay on thesociology of knowledge. O propósito do presente artigo será o de debater esse trabalho seminal, apresentando as afinidades entre a perspectiva sociológica de Mills, o pragmatismo norte-americano e o interacionismo simbólico da Escola de Chicago.
Para uma nova figuração da práxis: a teoria social e o princípio do comum
Authors: Narita Felipe Ziotti
Published: December 2018

.
A atualidade de "Os Herdeiros"
Authors: Oliveira Amurabi
Published: December 2018

.
Eclecticism Style in the Architecture of Khedivian Cairo
Authors: Enab Mohamed
Published: December 2018

Eclecticism style is one of the European architectural styles that have appeared in the buildings of Cairo in 13-14 A.H / 19-20A.D, which means the trend toward consolidation of various models and buildings in the previous civilizations and merge them and out in one building. This style has known as quoted-style or trend in architecture or eclectic architecture. The research is an attempt to Inventory these buildings that are built on this architectural style. This research follows the historical approach to knowing the origin of this architectural style and how it moved and spread in Cairo architecture in 1314 A.H / 1920 A.D. Then follows a descriptive and analytical approach of examples of these buildings built on this style, and analysis its architectural and artistic elements. In the end, the research has reached some critical results. For example, the primary purpose of this quotation and transportation is to give historical and technical value to these monuments. But unfortunately,  the method of this quotation came in the wrong way. Thus losing the principle of unity and harmony that characterized the Islamic architecture, they unwittingly distorted the heritage value. These buildings became a collection of models that are not harmonious.
The Christian ethic of inclusive leadership within diastratic diversity: employing liminality as an analytical tool
Authors: Slater Jennifer
Published: December 2018

Abstract
This article discerns the ingredients leadership ought to employ when it functions within the plurifactorial dimensions of the sociological, economic, political, cultural, religious and class diversity. It discerns what qualities enable leadership to befriend and contain diastratic conditions present in a diverse living environment unique to the South African society. For analytical purposes, it employs the art of liminality and the Christian ethic of inclusivity, so as to make provision for the variable situations, providing leadership with flexibility, and an openness to embrace the new, the unknown and uneventful elements of life.

Abstrak
Hierdie artikel besin die bestanddele wat leierskap onder hande behoort te neem wanneer dit funksioneer binne die multifaktoriese dimensies van die sosiologiese, ekonomiese, politieke, kulturele, godsdienstige en klasverskeidenheid. Dit besin oor watter eienskappe van leierskap moet gestel funksioneer om die diastratiese toestande, teenwoording in die leefomgewing, uniek aan die Suid-Afrikaanse samelewing, te omvat. Vir analitiese doeleindes gebruik dit die kuns van liminaliteit en die Christelike etiek van inklusiwiteit om voorsiening te maak vir die veranderlike situasies, om leierskap met buigsaamheid te verskaf en om die nuwe, onbekende en onbeduidende elemente van die lewe te omvat.
Deforestation and Forest Degradation Due to Gold Mining in the Peruvian Amazon: A 34-Year Perspective
Authors: Caballero Espejo Jorge , Messinger Max , Roman Dañobeytia Francisco , Ascorra Cesar , Fernandez Luis E. , Silman Miles
Published: December 2018

While deforestation rates decline globally they are rising in the Western Amazon. Artisanal-scale gold mining (ASGM) is a large cause of this deforestation and brings with it extensive environmental, social, governance, and public health impacts, including large carbon emissions and mercury pollution. Underlying ASGM is a broad network of factors that influence its growth, distribution, and practices such as poverty, flows of legal and illegal capital, conflicting governance, and global economic trends. Despite its central role in land use and land cover change in the Western Amazon and the severity of its social and environmental impacts, it is relatively poorly studied. While ASGM in Southeastern Peru has been quantified previously, doing so is difficult due to the heterogeneous nature of the resulting landscape. Using a novel approach to classify mining that relies on a fusion of CLASlite and the Global Forest Change dataset, two Landsat-based deforestation detection tools, we sought to quantify ASGM-caused deforestation in the period 1984–2017 in the southern Peruvian Amazon and examine trends in the geography, methods, and impacts of ASGM across that time. We identify nearly 100,000 ha of deforestation due to ASGM in the 34-year study period, an increase of 21% compared to previous estimates. Further, we find that 10% of that deforestation occurred in 2017, the highest annual amount of deforestation in the study period, with 53% occurring since 2011. Finally, we demonstrate that not all mining is created equal by examining key patterns and changes in ASGM activity and techniques through time and space. We discuss their connections with, and impacts on, socio-economic factors, such as land tenure, infrastructure, international markets, governance efforts, and social and environmental impacts.
Spatial Distribution of Zika in Honduras during 2016–2017 Using Geographic Information Systems (GIS)—Implications in Public Health and Travel Medicine
Authors: Zambrano Lysien I. , Vasquez-Bonilla Walter O. , Fuentes-Barahona Itzel Carolina , da Silva José Cláudio , Valle-Reconco Jorge Alberto , Medina Marco Tulio , England John D. , Sánchez-Duque Jorge A. , Rodríguez-Morales Alfonso J.
Published: December 2018

Background: Zika virus (ZIKV) infection has affected significantly Latin America in 2015–2017. However, most studies have been reported from Brazil and Colombia, but few of them in Central America. For these reasons we analyzed the incidence, incidence rates and evolution of cases of Honduras during 2016–2017. Methods: Using epidemiological weeks (EW) surveillance data on the ZIKV epidemics in Honduras, we estimated incidence rates (cases/100,000 population), and developed maps at national, departments and municipal levels. Results: From January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2017, a total of 32,607 cases of Zika were reported (98.5% in 2016 for an incidence rate of 36.85 cases/100,000 pop; 1% confirmed by RT-PCR). The highest peak was reached on the EW 6°, 2016 (2,559 cases; 29.34 cases/100,000 pop). The department with the highest number of cases and incidence rate was Cortés (13,128 cases, 791.08 cases/100,000 pop in 2016). Discussion: Pattern and evolution of Zika in Honduras has been like those that occurred for chikungunya in 2015, that we analyzed and previously reported, affecting predominantly the central and capital area of the country, reaching also high incidences there >750 cases/100,000 pop. Studies using geographical information systems, to map its epidemiology, as well on the clinical aspects linked to, are necessary in this country, as well for the assessment of risk for travelers who visit specific areas in a destination country.
Evaluation of Genomic Prediction for Pasmo Resistance in Flax
Authors: He Liqiang , Xiao Jin , Rashid Khalid Y. , Jia Gaofeng , Li PingChuan , Yao Zhen , Wang Xiue , Cloutier Sylvie , You Frank M.
Published: December 2018

Pasmo (Septoria linicola) is a fungal disease causing major losses in seed yield and quality, and stem fibre quality in flax. Pasmo resistance (PR) is quantitative and has low heritability. To improve PR breeding efficiency, the accuracy of genomic prediction (GP) was evaluated using a diverse worldwide core collection of 370 accessions. Four marker sets, including three defined by 500, 134, and 67 previously identified quantitative trait loci (QTL) and one of 52,347 PR-correlated genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms, were used to build ridge regression best linear unbiased prediction (RR-BLUP) models using pasmo severity (PS) data collected from field experiments performed during five consecutive years. With five-fold random cross-validation, GP accuracy as high as 0.92 was obtained from the models using the 500 QTL when the average PS was used as the training dataset. GP accuracy increased with training population size, reaching values >0.9 with training population size greater than 185. Linear regression of the observed PS with the number of positive-effect QTL in accessions provided an alternative GP approach with an accuracy of 0.86. The results demonstrate the GP models based on marker information from all identified QTL and the 5-year PS average is highly effective for PR prediction.
Deterrence Theory in Paraguay: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Schneider Andreas
Published: December 2018

This research paper contributes to the literature of deterrence theory in general, and in particular with respect to white-collar crime, offering valuable inside by using a unique data set of fraud and violation of trust incidents for Paraguay. Descriptive evidence show a clear and continuous misallocation of funds and human capital, and therefore providing less efficient services for the public. Regression analysis suggests that clearance rate exerts a highly significant effect in deterring fraud but results are not clear for violation of trust incidents. Despite the limitations of available data, results confirm deterrence theory in Paraguay. However, to more than two-thirds of victims, not even the attempt was made to seek justice. As a side-result, it seems that a soft on crime strategy, induced from the former German penal code, has led to an increasing share of pre-trial diversion and therefore enhancing white-collar crimes like fraud and violation of trust due to impunity.
Evolution of the Material Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of A1100 Aluminum Alloy within a Complex Porthole Die during Extrusion
Authors: Tang Ding , Fang Wenli , Fan Xiaohui , Zou Tianxia , Li Zihan , Wang Huamiao , Li Dayong , Peng Yinghong , Wu Peidong
Published: December 2018

Micro channel tube (MCT) is widely employed in industry due to its excellent efficiency in heat transfer. An MCT is commonly produced through extrusion within a porthole die, where severe plastic deformation is inevitably involved. Moreover, the plastic deformation, which dramatically affects the final property of the MCT, varies significantly from location to location. In order to understand the development of the microstructure and its effect on the final property of the MCT, the viscoplastic self-consistent (VPSC) model, together with the finite element analysis and the flow line model, is employed in the current study. The flow line model is used to reproduce the local velocity gradient within the complex porthole die, while VPSC model is employed to predict the evolution of the microstructure accordingly. In addition, electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) measurement and mechanical tests are used to characterize the evolution of the microstructure and the property of the MCT. The simulation results agree well with the corresponding experimental ones. The influence of the material’s flow line on the evolution of the orientation and morphology of the grains, and the property of the produced MCT are discussed in detail.
Metamemory and Lineup Instructions: Asking Eyewitnesses to Recollect Reduces False Identification
Authors: Guerin Nicola , Weber Nathan , Horry Ruth
Published: December 2018

Little theoretically-informed research investigates how non-standard eyewitness identification tasks or metacognitive instructions might improve identification accuracy. We used a continuous dual-process model of recognition to explain familiarity-based identification errors and design modified lineup tasks and metacognitive instructions that increased eyewitness recollection and discriminability. In four studies we examined identification performance across lineups (standard simultaneous, elimination, delayed-choice) and instructions (task-related, phenomenological, standard). Participants viewed photos of targets and made identification decisions about a lineup for each target. Instructions about memory phenomenology improved discriminability in delayed-choice lineups, while task-related instructions were ineffective. Metacognitive instructions about how to better evaluate memory quality in modified lineup tasks could improve recollection for greater identification accuracy even when memory is poor. While immediate post-decision confidence is a good predictor of identification accuracy, lineup modifications that improve eyewitness memory use would provide better evidence of suspect guilt or innocence. We discuss implications for lineup theory and design.
Identification of Prognostic Biomarker Signatures and Candidate Drugs in Colorectal Cancer: Insights from Systems Biology Analysis
Authors: Rahman Md. Rezanur , Islam Tania , Gov Esra , Turanli Beste , Shahjaman Md. , Banu Nilufa Akhter , Mollah Md. Nurul Haque , Arga Kazim Yalcin , Moni Mohammad Ali
Published: December 2018

Background and objectives: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the 2nd most cause of cancer related death in the world, but early diagnosis ameliorates the survival of CRC. This report directed to identify molecular biomarker signatures in CRC. Materials and Methods: We analyzed two microarray datasets (GSE35279 and GSE21815) to identify common differentially expressed genes (DEGs). We performed functional overrepresentation, pathway enrichment, protein-protein interaction (PPI), reporter biomolecules, survival, and drug repositioning analyses were done on common DEGs. Results: Total 727 up-regulated and 99 down-regulated DEGs were detected. The significantly enriched pathways PI3K-Akt signaling, Wnt signaling, ECM-interaction, cell cycles were identified. The 10 hub proteins (ADNP, CCND1, CD44, CDK4, CEBPB, CENPA, CENPH, CENPN, MYC, and RFC2) were selected as proteomic signatures from PPI network. Analyses revealed 10 reporter transcription factors (ETS1, ESR1, GATA1, GATA2, GATA3, AR, YBX1, FOXP3, E2F4, and PRDM14) and 2 reporter microRNAs (miR-193b-3p and miR-615-3p) as regulatory component. The prognostic power analysis revealed that hub proteins and reporter biomolecules related with worse survival of patients in CRC. Several candidate repositioned drugs including anti-neoplastic and immunomodulating agents were identified using Connectivity map (CMap) and geneXpharma tool. Conclusions: This study presents biomarker signatures at protein and RNA levels with prognostic capability in CRC. We think that the molecular signatures and candidate drugs presented in this study can be potential biomarkers and therapeutic target in CRC.
Insights into the Nature of Hydroxyl Groups and Zn Species over Defective HZSM-5 Zeolite Supported Zinc Catalysts Prepared by Chemical Liquid Deposition (CLD) with Zn(CH2CH3)2
Authors: Lin Long , Zhang Xiaotong , He Ning , Liu Jiaxu , Xin Qin , Guo Hongchen
Published: December 2018

A series of defective ZSM-5 zeolites (~300 nm, SiO2/Al2O3 ratio of 55, 100, 400 and 950) were intentionally prepared and systematically studied by XRD, SEM, 29Si MAS NMR, argon physisorption, NH3-TPD and FT-IR technologies. The nature, the amount and the accessibility of the acid sites of defective ZSM-5 zeolites are greatly different from reported ZSM-5 zeolites with perfect crystal structure. The co-existed strong Brønsted acid sites (Si(OH)Al) and weak Brønsted acid sites (hydroxyl nests) over defective ZSM-5 zeolites might lead to unique catalytic function. Zn(C2H5)2 was grafted onto defective ZSM-5 zeolites through chemical liquid deposition (CLD) method. Interestingly, FT-IR spectroscopy studies find that Zn(C2H5)2 was preferentially grafted on the hydroxyl nests with weak acidity rather than the Si(OH)Al groups with strong acidity over different defective ZSM-5 zeolites. Particularly, home-built operando dual beam FTIR-MS was applied to study the catalytic performance of Zn species locating at different sites of defective ZSM-5 zeolites under n-hexane transformation. Results show that Zn species grafted over hydroxyl nests obtain better dehydrogenation performance than Zn species over framework aluminum. This study provides guidance for the rational design of highly efficient alkane dehydrogenative aromatization catalysts.
Determination of Phenolic Composition and Antioxidant Activity in Flowers and Stems of Rumex Tunetanus Using RP-UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS
Authors: Abidi Jouda , Ammar Sonda , Bouaziz Mohamed
Published: December 2018

The present study was designed to investigate the bioactive compound in Rumextunetanus extracts (polygonaceae), a plant growing in GarâaSejnane region (NW-Tunisia). Hydro-methanol extracts of flowers and stems of Rumextunetanus were analyzed by RP-UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS in the negative mode to identify the maximum of bioactive compounds. Applied the aforementioned method, a total of 60 bioactive compounds were characterized for the first time in Rumextunetanus between them, 18 photochemical were firstly identified in the Polygonaceae family in negative ionization mode. Quantification of the identified compounds revealed that quercetin-3-O-glucuronide and (-)-epicatechingallate were the most abundant phenolic compounds in flowers and stems, respectively. Moreover, positive correlations were found between the antioxidant activity measured by DPPH and FRAP assays with the total phenolic compounds (r = 0.98; r = 0.99, respectively) and the abundance of some phenolic subfamilies such as hydroxycinnamic acids, hydroxybenzoic acids, flavonols and flavones with r > 0.86. The compounds displaying significant (P < 0.01) and good correlations with the antioxidant activity (r > 0.93) were hydroxybenzoic acid, rutin, quercetin-3-O-glucuronide, quercetin-3-O-glucoside, quercetin and luteolin-7-O-rutinoside. In addition, the flowers and stems of Rumex tunetanus showed different bioactive compound profiles and significant antioxidant properties of extracts. These results highlight the potential of the RP-UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS and MS/MS system to identify untargeted metabolic profiling of Rumex tunetanus. Overall, these results contribute to the clear explanation of the past and current usage of genus Rumex in folk medicine. Future investigations are necessary to develop purified antioxidant extracts, with the application of more selective extraction techniques.
Biological Function of Calcium-Sensing Receptor (CAS) and Its Coupling Calcium Signaling in Plants
Authors: Zhang Yubin , Li Qing , Wang Yijie , Sun Lili , shi Wuliang
Published: December 2018

The calcium-sensing receptor (CAS), as a chloroplast thylakoid membrane protein, involved in the process of [Ca2+] ext-induced [Ca2+]cyt increase (CICI) in the plant. However, the underlying mechanism regulating this process is lacking. Furthermore, recent evidence suggests that CAS may perform additional roles in the plant. Here, we provide an update covering the multiple roles of CAS in stomatal movement regulation and calcium signaling in the plant. We also analysis the possible phosphorylation mechanism of CAS by light and discuss the role of CAS in abiotic stress (drought, salt stress) and biotic stresses (plant immune signaling). Finally, we provide a perspective for future experiments which are required to fill gaps in our understanding of the biological function of CAS in the plant.
Visualisation of Reactive Oxygen Species During Stress of Aromatic Crop
Authors: Janpen Chananchida , Kanthawang Naruemon , Rose Sommano Sarana , Prom-u-thai Chanakan
Published: December 2018

The present protocol described staining protocol for Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) in aromatic crop grown under nutrient stress through DAB and NBT histochemical method.  Spearmint (Mentha spicata) were grown under manganese and salt toxicity stresses and after 10 and 20 days of the stress treatments, plants showed stunted growth. The morphological characteristics of leaves under stresses were observed. Manganese toxicity and salt stress induced the production of ROS.  Accumulation of hydrogen peroxide was characterised as brown spots from the DAB polymerisation which were emerged and clearly observed in leaves from plant grown under 2.5 and 5 mM concentrations of manganese as well as 300 mM concentration of salt.  Furthermore, accumulation of superoxide anion was characterised as blue pigments based upon the ability of cells to reduce NBT.  Spearmint leaves showed the distribution of the blue pigment which was obviously observed under the 5 mM of manganese and 300 mM of salt. DAB and NBT staining method can be the rapid method to characterise ROS accumulation in plant cell under the abiotic stresses.
The Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights: National Action Plans Toward Corporation Responsibility
Authors: Dharmawan Ni Ketut Supasti , Dewi Kasih Desak Putu , Kurniawan I Gede Agus , Samsithawrati Putu Aras
Published: December 2018

As a global principal, corporations have the obligation to comply with national and international hard law of human rights, respect soft laws and global standards. The United Nations Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights (GPs) of 2011 were unanimously endorsed by the Human Rights Council and are respected as a global standard that stipulates that corporations should respect human rights when conducting their business activities. The purpose of this paper is to examine the scope and focus of National Action Plans (NAPs) by comparing the Netherlands NAP on Human Rights (2013) is compared to the UK’s updated NAP of 2016 with the aim of providing ideas and good examples of a NAP for Indonesia. This study used normative legal method. It is considered to be a valuable lesson both for developed and developing countries that for practical matters it is highly important to create and implement a NAP for the implementation of the GPs. Fortunately, Indonesia in June 2017 has launched a National Action Plan on Business and Human Rights (NAP). The burden responsibility to carry out the NAP on Business and Human Rights to corporation to be implemented strongly rests on the government authorities both central government and all levels authorities, including the local level, have the duty to implement human rights obligation, including to convince corporations that upholding the GPs will ultimately be to their benefit.
Analisis Kestabilan Model Tekanan Penduduk Antar Dua Habitat Dengan Pola Migrasi Dan Pengendalian
Authors: Rima Theresia Alex , Nurwahyu Budi
Published: December 2018

Dalam paper ini, sebuah model Matematika yang menggunakan tiga komponen yaitu populasi penduduk, komponen habitat dan komponen intensitas pengendalian penduduk dikaji dengan tujuan untuk mempelajari bagaimana kelangsungan kehidupan di suatu habitat, dalam hal ini dengan mempertimbangkan migrasi penduduk antar dua habitat. Metode yang digunakan dalam penyelesaian model ini adalah dengan menggunakan matriks Jacobi dan Aturan Tanda Descartes, untuk menganalisis kestabilan dari titik kesetimbangannya. Dengan asumsi-asumsi yang diberikan, akan dilakukan analisis kestabilan titik setimbang dari model tersebut.
Metode Elemen Batas (MEB) Untuk Solusi Numerik Masalah Statik Dari Material Elastis Isotropik Tak-Homogen
Authors: Azis Moh. Ivan
Published: December 2018

A boundary element method is derived for the solution of static boundary value problems for inhomogeneous isotropic elastic materials. Some particular problems are considered to illustrate the application of the method.
Generalisasi Permainan Wythoff ke Permainan Tribonacci
Authors: Haryanto Loeky , Rakhman Rahmaniah , Alimuddin Arnensih
Published: December 2018

Kata fibonacci bisa diturunkan dengan menggunakan suatu iterasi morfisma pada monoid {a, b}*. Dengan mengidentifikasi posisi kedua huruf a dan b di dalam kata fibonacci, diperoleh barisan (an, bn)n³0 yang membentuk posisi-P dari permainan Wythoff. Demikian pula, kata tribonacci bisa diturunkan dengan menggunakan suatu iterasi morfisma pada monoid {a, b, c}*. Dengan mengidentifikasi ketiga huruf a, b dan c di dalam kata tribonacci, diperoleh barisan (An, Bn, Cn)n³0  yang membentuk posisi-P dari suatu permainan yang ditulis oleh [2] dan diberi nama: permainan tribonacci. Selain menggunakan morfisma, kedua barisan (an, bn)n³0  dan (An, Bn, Cn)n³0 bisa dikonstruksi secara rekursif dengan menggunakan operator Mex (Minimum excluded). Berdasarkan parameterdan persyaratan yang digunakan pada kedua konstruksi, disimpulkan bahwa barisan (An, Bn, Cn)n³0  merupakan perluasan dari barisan urutan-2 (an, bn)n³0. Tetapi ada masalah perluasan cara konstruksi posisi-P permainan Wythoff berdasarkan barisan Beatty ke cara yang serupa untuk konstruksi posisi-P permainan tribonacci.
Pengujian Avalanche Weight Distribution (AWD) Criterion pada Algoritma Serpent
Authors: Nugroho Sandromedo Christa
Published: December 2018

Berdasarkan pada jenisnya, algoritma kriptografi dapat diklasifikasikan kedalam 3 jenis, yaitu algoritma asimetrik, algoritma simetrik dan algoritma fungsi hash. Teknik untuk mengukur level kekuatan dan keamanan pada algoritma simetrik, baik algoritma stream cipher maupun algoritma block cipher adalah dengan menggunakan serangan dan pengujian, salah satu teknik pengujian yang umum digunakan pada algoritma block cipher adalah Avalanche Weight Distribution (AWD) Criterion, yaitu sebaran histogram dari hamming weight vektor avalanche pada cipherteks yang merupakan kriteria untuk sebuah analisis sifat konfusi dan difusi pada suatu algoritma block cipher. Tulisan ini akan membahas mengenai pengujian AWD menggunakan 20.000 sample plainteks dengan 4 karakteristik kunci pada salah satu algoritma finalis kompetisi Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) yang diselengarakan oleh National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Amerika Serikat, yaitu algoritma Serpent, serta melakukan perbandingan hasil pengujiannya dengan algoritm-algoritma block cipher finalis AES dan standar pada negara lainnya.
Identifikasi Lokasi Sebaran Pencemaran Air di Kawasan Permukiman Kota Pontianak
Authors: Debataraja Naomi Nessyana , Kusnandar Dadan , Nusantara Rossie Wiedya
Published: December 2018

Air mempunyai peranan penting bagi aktivitas kehidupan manusia. Aktifitas manusia dalam kehidupan sehari-hari menghasilkan limbah yang berbeda-beda yang dapat mengakibatkan menurunnya kualitas air.  Aktifitas manusia dalam kehidupan sehari-hari menghasilkan limbah yang berbeda-beda yang dapat mengakibatkan menurunnya kualitas air. Kota Pontianak sebagai ibukota Kalimantan Barat merupakan daerah yang tingkat pemukimannya cukup padat. Kondisi ini disertai dengan laju pertumbuhan penduduk yang cukup besar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan lokasi untuk pengambilan sampel air dan menentukan variabel sebagai indikator pencemaran air. Teknik pengambilan sampel secara stratified sampling. Variabel yang digunakan dalam menentukan lokasi pengambilan sampel diantaranya adalah batas administrasi, luas wilayah, jumlah penduduk dan kepadatan penduduk. Variabel-variabel tersebut kemudian divisualisasikan dalam bentuk peta tata guna lahan dengan menggunakan Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG). Diperoleh 58 titik lokasi pengambilan sampel air dan tiga indikator pencemaran air di kawasan permukiman.