bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Din Psikolojisi Perspektifinden Turgut Uyar’ın Şiirlerinde Tanrı Tasavvuru
Authors: Biçer Ayşe Nur
Published: December 2024

Bu makalenin amacı, Turgut Uyar’ın şiirlerinde Tanrı tasavvurunu, din psikolojisi bağlamında derinlemesine analiz etmektir. Şiirin, şairin bireysel deneyimlerini ve kolektif insanlık tecrübelerini yansıttığı ifade edilmektedir. Uyar’ın Tanrı inancını doğrudan bir tema olarak ele almadığı; ancak metaforlar ve söylemlerle inancını estetik bir unsur olarak yansıttığı görülmektedir. Şairin Tanrı tasavvurunun genellikle antropomorfik bir nitelik taşıdığı ve Tanrı’nın insani özelliklerle betimlendiği belirtilmiştir. Uyar, Tanrı’yı bazen güçlü bir kahraman, bazen de masumiyetle yaklaşılması gereken bir otorite olarak tasvir etmiştir. Uyar’ın Tanrı algısında, uhrevi ve aşkın bir varlıktan daha çok yaratıcı sıfatının öne çıktığı vurgulanmıştır. Şairin şiirlerinde, Tanrı’nın varlığına dair sürekli bir sorgulama ve gelgitler dikkat çekmektedir. Doğaya ve evrendeki düzene duyulan hayranlığın, Tanrı tasavvurunun şekillenmesinde önemli bir rol oynadığı ifade edilmiştir. Tanrı’nın halk ve vatan ile özdeşleştiği; ancak geleneksel vahiy temelli Tanrı anlayışından farklı bir yaklaşım sergilendiği gözlemlenmiştir. Şairin, Tanrı’ya yönelik suçluluk duygusu ve kendi iç hesaplaşmaları da şiirlerinde sıkça yer bulmuştur. Bu bağlamda, Uyar’ın "Büyük Saat" adlı toplu şiirlerinde, Tanrı’nın insani özelliklerle tasvir edildiği, bazen mitolojik bir figür olarak algılandığı görülmektedir. Şairin eserlerinde, Tanrı’ya çocukça bir saflıkla yaklaşım, doğa ile Tanrı arasında bağlantı kurma çabası ve Tanrı’ya yönelik sorgulamalar öne çıkmıştır. Uyar’ın, Tanrı’nın aşkın sıfatlarını genellikle reddederek, O’nu yaratma sıfatıyla sınırlı bir varlık olarak gördüğü anlaşılmaktadır. Ayrıca, Uyar’ın eserlerinde vatan ve halk kavramlarının, Tanrı algısıyla iç içe geçtiği ve şairin dini düşüncelerini ulusal değerlerle harmanladığı vurgulanmıştır. Sonuç olarak, Turgut Uyar’ın şiirlerinde Tanrı tasavvuru, şairin bireysel inançları, kültürel bağlamı ve poetik tercihleriyle şekillenmiştir. Bu tasavvur, din psikolojisi açısından, bireyin Tanrı algısının sanatsal bir yansıması olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Uyar’ın eserleri, din ve edebiyat ilişkisi bağlamında, Tanrı tasavvurunun bireysel ve toplumsal dinamiklerle nasıl şekillendiğini incelemek için önemli bir kaynak olarak görülmektedir. Şairin şiirlerinde Tanrı, metafizik bir yaratıcıdan daha çok insan yaşamını ve toplumsal dinamikleri etkileyen güçlü bir figür olarak betimlenmektedir. Bu makale, Uyar’ın eserlerinin, din psikologları için değerli bir inceleme alanı sunduğunu ortaya koymuştur.
Creating Continuity of Care Within Student-Run Free Clinics
Authors: Jaeger Alexandra , Shah Rahi R , Pavia Jonathan , Martin Kellan J , Silber Riley M , Scott Serena
Published: December 2024

Student-run free clinics (SRFC) play an important role in filling gaps in the healthcare system by providing accessible, cost-free care to underserved populations. Continuity of care (CoC) can improve patient outcomes, but challenges such as inconsistent volunteer participation and patient follow-up can make CoC difficult to implement in SRFCs. The authors acknowledge the deficiencies in existing literature guiding SRFCs and highlight a systematic model to address barriers to CoC. This article proposes a structured CoC model for SRFCs, encompassing three levels: micro (patient-provider relationships), meso (clinic structure and volunteer management), and macro (coordination with external healthcare facilities). These levels aim to streamline patient-provider interactions, optimize clinic operations, and coordinate care beyond clinic visits.  Some suggested strategies include fostering patient-provider trust through telehealth follow-ups, improving clinic organization with shared electronic medical records (EMRs), mitigating volunteer turnover with consistent leadership and team meetings, and partnering with local pharmacies. The implementation section explores limitations, including resource constraints and adaptability challenges, and proposes evaluation measures like tracking follow-up rates and collecting patient feedback to gauge the model's efficacy. This structured approach offers a framework adaptable to SRFCs' specific needs to enhance CoC and improve the overall quality of care patients receive.
Study of the qualitative characteristics of pan bread enriched with moringa oleifera seed powder
Authors: Al- Shammari Bushra Bader Jerad
Published: December 2024

moringa plant seeds are an excellent source of important the scientific such as dietary fiber, protein, and antioxidants. The properties of different physiochemical compounds were investigated, as was the use of moringa seeds powder ( MSP) in pan bread manufacture.at levels  2, 4, and 6% MSP were substituted for the wheat flour to make pan bread,the pan bread that was obtained was contrasted with the control sample, the moringa-fortified bread samples were assessed for their proximate, mineral, and sensory qualities. The proximate analysis's findings indicated that moringa seed powder has a protein 33.33±88192%, ash  2.83±44096% , fat  27.33±1.45297 % and fiber 5.25±25835%,while its moisture content 3±57735% and carbohydrate 71.75±88039% . Moringa seed powder also had aimportant increase in the amount of minerals (calcium1.3 mg/g, potassium 0.98 mg/g, and phosphorus 0.71 mg/g,). According to the findings of the sensory evaluation, pan bread made with wheat flour can be successfully fortification with 2% MSP. It is possible to use MSP as a source of protein and dietary fiber when making pan bread, which is beneficial for both food and machinery.
Role of nano-selenium and irrigation water quality in some anatom-ical and chemical characteristics of some citrus rootstocks
Authors: Alaa Abbas Ali  , Ghalib Bhew Abud Al-Abbasi
Published: December 2024

The research was carried out in a lath-house at Karbala certified citrus nursery/Department of Horticulture/Kerbala Agriculture Directotae, Hindiyah District, for the season 2022, starting from 1/3 to 1/11, to study the effect of spraying with Nano-selenium and water types for irrigation water on some anatomical and chemical characteristics of three citrus rootstocks. The experiment was three factors Split- Split Plot Design in R.C.B.D. The main plot was two types of water: river water and well water, sub-plot was three Citrus rootstocks, Sour orange, Volcamariana and Lime seedlings, while the sub-sub-plot included Spraying Nano selenium at a concentration of 0, 1, and 2 mg L-1. The result showed that the spraying with Nano-selenium at 2ml L-1 resulted in higher cuticle thickness, CHO%, proline acid, ABA hormone and Glutathione GSH. However, Nano-selenium and water quality did not show much effect on the average number of stomata in the leaves. For the water types, it showed that the irrigation with well water resulted in higher cuticle thickness, plant content of proline acid, ABA hormone and Glutathione GSH). Among the rootstocks, the Sour orange had the highest in plant content of proline acid, ABA hormone and Glutathione GSH, while Lime rootstock was the best in number of leaf stomata and CHO%, as the rootstocks didn’t differ in leaf cuticle thickness. The best results for the most indicators under study were obtained in the presence of Nano-selenium 2 mg L-1 where interacted with well water and Sour orange. Lime rootstock seedlings performed better with river water. This study showed that applying Nano- selenium 2 mg L-1 can be the best choice to improve seedlings growth and to enhance seedling tolerance to well water salinity.
Morphological characterization of some species of aphids belonging to the Aphididae family on some ornamental plants in Karbala Governorate
Authors: Dheyaa Z. H AI-Hussein  , Taha M. M Al-Sweedi
Published: December 2024

Given the importance of the aphid, its many species, the multiplicity of its families, and its rapid spread on ornamental plants in the Holy Governorate of Karbala City Iraq, this study was conducted and it aimed to diagnose some of the most important types of aphids belonging to the Aphididae family on ornamental plants in the Karbala Governorate. of the Aphididae family on ornamental plants in Karbala Governorate by selecting a group of nurseries distributed over six areas of the governorate, which comprised (the city center, Imam Aoun area, Al-Husseiniyah area, Al-Boubiyat area, Al-Har area and Al-Hindiya area). This study was conducted during the year 2023-2024 AD in one of the laboratories of the Plant Protection Department - College of Agriculture - University of Karbala. this study showed the presence of a large group of aphid colonies on ornamental plants, including the fine plum aphid (Hyalopterus pruni). This species was found on the Ruilia bretoniana plant. It is registered in Iraq The oat or bird cherry aphid (Rhopalosiphum padi) was found on the Damascus rose plant and was not recorded in Iraq. The black citrus or camellia aphid (Toxoptera auranti) was found on the African rose plant and was not recorded in Iraq. The hawthorn aphid (Dysaphis crataegi) was found on the Sanchezia plant. It is registered in Iraq ornamental plants in most nurseries.
Effectiveness of the biopesticide Amyloland and the two chemical pesticides in controlling of the red rusty flour beetle Tribolium casta-neum (Herbst)
Authors: Ameen Taher Eesa  , Mushtak Talib Mohammadali
Published: December 2024

This study evaluated the efficiency of the bacterial biopesticide Amyloland and the two chemical pesticides Coragen and Conan in controlling adults and the second instar larvae of the red rusty flour beetle Tribolium castaneum under laboratory conditions. The results of the study showed that the pesticide Amyloland achieved the highest mortality percentage of second-instar larvae at a concentration of 3.5 g L-1, reaching 100% after 9 days of treatment, compared to the two concentrations of 2.5 and 3 g L-1, which recorded a mortality percentage of 73.33% and 96.67%, respectively, for the same time. In the treatment of adults, the concentration of 3.5 g L-1 gave the highest mortality percentage of 90% after 13 days of treatment compared to the two concentrations of 2.5 and 3 g L-1, which achieved a mortality percentage of 50% and 66.67%, respectively, for the same time. As for treating the two chemical pesticides, the Coragen pesticide achieved superiority and significant differences over the Conan pesticide in the adult instar. As for the treatment of the second larval instar, there are no significant differences between the two pesticides in the percentage of mortality during the treatment periods. The results of the Coragen pesticide indicated that the highest percentage of mortality for adults, at a concentration of 0.20 ml L-1, reached 100% after 9 days of treatment. The concentrations of 0.15 and 0.10 ml L-1 recorded a mortality percentage of 76.7% and 56.7%, respectively. As for Conan pesticide in the adult instar, it was given at a concentration of 0.6 g L-1, the highest mortality percentage of 63% after 9 days of treatment, while at the two concentrations of 0.5 and 0.4 g L-1, the percentage of mortality 50% and 43.3%, respectively. From the results, we notice that the percentage of mortality increases with increasing concentration and length of time.
The efficiency of using some integrated control methods in controlling the mealybug Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococ-cidae)
Authors: Ahmed Hassan Khudair Abbas  , Ali Abdulhusien Kareem
Published: December 2024

This study evaluated the efficiency of some integrated pest control methods to control the mealybug Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley under laboratory conditions. It was done by testing the efficiency of some methods, such as insecticides Conan and Actrara, entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana, Nano Calcium silicate, and mineral oil. This experiment was carried out in the insect laboratory for postgraduate studies at the College of Agriculture, University of Kerbala. The results prove that insecticides Conan and Actara significantly affect both nymphs and adults, where the average percentage of nymphs mortality within 24 hours of treatment was 100%. The concentrations of the Conan pesticide were (300 - 400 - 500 mg/L) Whereas the Actara pesticide was in concentrations (0.20 – 0.25 – 0.30 ml/L) respectively. Likewise, the rate of mortality of adults within 24 hours of treatment with Actara and its three concentrations used (0.20 - 0.25 - 0.30 ml/L) and Conan with three concentrations as well (300 - 400 - 500 mg/L) reached 100%. Based on the study's results, both insecticides, Conan and Actara, can be used due to their superiority in mortality rates. In contrast, the mortality rate was 100% in both nymphs and adults within 24 hours of treatment compared to the other treatments used.
Medically active ingredient in Tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus L.) affected by adding fish emulsion and Vermicompost
Authors: Najwan Abdulameer Abd Aljashami  , Kadum Mohammed Abdullah
Published: December 2024

The experiment was carried out in the canopy of the Department of Horticulture and Landscape - Faculty of Agriculture - Kerbala University during the spring semester 2023. The study was carried out as a factor experiment by designing complete random block design(R.C.B.D) with three repetitions. The experiment included two factors, the first was a fish emulsion and was added in four concentrations, namely 0, 1, 2, 3%, and the second factor was the addition of Vermicompost with four levels 0, 25, 50, 100 g Pot-1, the averages were compared using the lowest significant difference at the probability level of 0.05. The results showed that the addition of fish emulsion significantly affected each type of flavonoid glucosides (Vitexin, Luteolin-3-galctasides, Rutin, Eriodityol, Quercetin-3-rhamnoside), where the concentration (3%) treatment gave the highest rate, reaching (1119.73، 914.28، 1013.6، 1193.81، 1308.91) on the relay . The addition of Vermicompost affected the types of glucosides (Vitexin, Luteolin-3-galctasides, routine, Eriodityol), the concentration (g pot-1) gave the highest rate, reaching (1056.22, 962.07, 1008.0, 1055.79) sequentially The interaction between the two study factors showed a significant effect on glucosides (Vitexin, Luteolin-3-galctasides, Rutin, Eriodityol, Quercetin-3-rhamnoside), where the (3%, and  100 g Pot-1) interference treatment gave the highest rate (1448.60، 1464.72، 1423.3، 1463.82،1441.84 ) on the relay. It can be concluded from this study that fertilizers resulting from organic waste can be used as sources of fertilization for plants to reduce the use of chemical fertilizers to reduce environmental damage and follow the system of sustainable agriculture.
Effect of adding palm frond waste and spraying with tryptophan on the vegetative growth traits of olive seedlings of Manzanillo and Bash-iqi cultivars
Authors: Thanun Abdul Hussein Hade  , Susan Mohammed Al-Rubaei
Published: December 2024

The experiment was carried out in the plant canopy of the Department of Horticulture and Landscape Engineering/College of Agriculture, University of Kerbala, located in the Al-Husseiniyah area in Kerbala Governorate, on 11/10/2023. The experiment aimed to determine the best level of palm frond waste, along with determining the best concentration of tryptophan acid and the extent of their effect. On some characteristics of vegetative growth of olive seedlings, the experiment was carried out according to a randomized complete block design (RCBD) according to the order of the factorial experiment, with three replications. The first factor included two varieties of olive (Manzanillo and Bashiqi), while the second factor included three levels of palm frond waste (0, 3% and 6%) and the third factor included three concentrations of tryptophan acid (0, 75 and 150 ml L-1). The results showed that the Manzanillo cultivar excelled in seedling height, stem diameter, number of leaves per seedling, leaf area, relative moisture content of leaves, and the percentage of dry matter of the shoot system, with averages of (25.385 cm, 2.083 mm, 537.60 leaf seedling-1, 21.497 cm2, 77.615% and 61.071% respectively). It was also noted that the addition of palm frond waste had a significant effect, as the third level (6%) excelled in all of the aforementioned traits with averages of (28.811 cm, 2.442 mm, 611.50 leaf seedling-1, 24.648 cm2, 79.977%, and 70.957%). As for spraying with tryptophan acid, it was observed that the concentration (150 ml L-1) was superior to the same traits with averages of (24.689 cm, 2.124 mm, 529.50 leaf seedling-1, 21.351cm2, 76.760% and 61.894%). The results also showed that the interactions between the factors were significant in all the characteristics under study.
Health effects of residues of ivermectin use in sheep on some organs (liver and kidney) in Karbala areas
Authors: Haneen Ismael Abdoun Kadhim  , Kadhim Saleh Kahdim  , Ali Redha Abid
Published: December 2024

This study aims to detect ivermectin (IVM) residues in the liver and kidneys of sheep by using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) technology. 50 samples (each of 25 livers and 25 kidneys) were collected from five different areas in Karbala Governorate. From October 2023 to January 2024. The analysis showed that samples of both liver and kidneys contaminated with ivermectin residues exceed the maximum limits for ivermectin residues, and according to the previously permitted maximum limits for ivermectin residues by the World Health Orgnasation and the Food and Agriculture Orgnasation, they show a significant difference between the regions of the governorate. As shown in the results of sheep liver and according to region (AL Hur, Al Hussaina, center, Tauweraij and Aeen tumer) and compared with the maximum limits of residues in the liver (0.06) The results were higher than the normal limit for residues (3.74, 1.87, 1.13, 0.52 and 0.21) respectively. As for the results of sheep kidneys and according to regions (Al Hussaina, center, Aeen tumer, Tauweraij and AL Hur) and compared with the maximum limits of residues in the kidney (0.02) The results were higher than the normal limit for residues (3.51, 2.44, 1.68, 0.82 and 0.37) respectively. The results showed that contamination of foods of animal origin with pesticides occurs due to incorrect use of the pesticide, failure to take into account the withdrawal period of the pesticide in the tissues of the animal’s body, and failure to observe special instructions when using it. The results of this study confirm the need for monitoring programs for eliminating pesticide residues and external parasites in animal products to protect consumer health from risks of exposure to these residues.
Evaluating biological agents and plant extracts against Aspergillus niger in pomegranate fruit rot and Ochratoxin A prevention
Authors: Fatima Haider Abd-zaid  Al-fatlawi  , Yasir Naser Alhamiri
Published: December 2024

The aim of the research was to conduct an ecological and biological survey of the extent of pomegranate fruit rot disease and to identify the fungi responsible for these cases in Iraq. The study involved isolating and identifying pathogenic Aspergillus niger isolates capable of producing the mycotoxin Ochratoxin A and evaluating the effects of certain plant extracts, agricultural fungicides, and the yeast S. cerevisiae in protecting pomegranate fruits from A. niger attack during storage. The isolation and identification results revealed that all samples were contaminated with various fungal isolates, with a contamination rate of 100%.  The storage experiment results showed that percentage of disease severity, coriander extract significantly reduced the severity to 8.53%, compared to 23.23% for the pathogen-only treatment, with a fungal inhibition rate of 63.28%. This was followed by the treatment with sage extract, which reduced the severity to 10.13% with an inhibition rate of 56.39%. Lastly, the plant-based pesticide Palizin and the biological agent (S. cerevisiae) achieved reductions in disease severity of 11.86% and 10.73%, respectively, with inhibition rates of 45.94% and 53.80% compared to the control treatment. The results showed that treating stored pomegranate fruits with alcoholic coriander extract reduction in the levels of Ochratoxin A, production, with a reduction percentage of 6.92%. The A. niger fungal isolate was able to resist the effect of the plant extract and produce the mycotoxin Ochratoxin A, at a rate of 57.8 microgram/kg, compared to the pathogen-only treatment, which resulted in toxin production of 62.1 microgram/kg.
Vegetative growth of neem seedlings (Azadirachta indica L.) as affected by kinetin, arginine, and chelated iron
Authors: Nawras K. Mohammed  , Kadum M. Abdullah  , Sabah A. Fleih
Published: December 2024

A pot experiment was carried out in the canopy of the Horticulture and Landscape Department - College of Agriculture - University of Kerbala For the period from July 2023 to June 2024. The study was carried out as a factorial experiment with three replications in a randomized complete block design to study the effect of kinetin (0, 50, and 100 mg L-1) (K0, K1, K2, respectively), and arginine (0, 150, and 300 mg L-1) (A0, A1, A2, respectively), and chelated iron (0 and 200 mg L-1) (Fe1, Fe2, respectively) in the vegetative growth of neem seedlings. The results showed the varying effect of adding the study factors individually, as kinetin had a significant effect on most of the vegetative traits under study, while adding arginine had no significant effect on most of the vegetative traits, except for stem diameter, which was significantly affected, while chelated iron had a significant effect on leaf area and plant height. The results of the binary interaction varied between the study factors on the studied traits. The triple intervention had a significant effect on the plant height, as the treatment (Fe2K2A2) gave the highest rate of plant height, reaching (46.00 cm), and the highest rate of stem diameter, reaching (6.337 mm), While the treatment (Fe1K2A2) gave the highest average leaf area, reaching (1123 cm2). It can be concluded from this study that spraying arginine with chelated iron had an effective role in improving the early vegetative growth of seedlings, but the use of high concentrations of kinetin must be taken into account, as the results reflected the negative effects of high concentrations on most of the traits studied.
Response of growth and yield traits of Vigna radiata L. to organic fertilization and foliar application of nano copper
Authors: Husam Kadum Abbas  , Mahmood N. Hussein Al-Yasari
Published: December 2024

A study was conducted in the spring of 2023 in Karbala Governorate to examine the effects of liquid organic fertilizer and nano copper spray on the growth and yield mung beans in clay loam soil. The experiment used a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with treatments distributed in three replicates. The study looked at two factors: levels of liquid organic fertilizer (0, 10, and 2 L ha-1) and concentrations of nano copper (0, 15, 30, and 45 mg L-1). The results showed that using liquid organic fertilizer and nano copper spray, either alone or in combination, significantly impacted the growth and yield characteristics of the mung beans. The combination of liquid organic fertilizer (10 L ha-1) and nano copper spray (45 mg L-1)           resulted in significant increase in the number of branches in a plant, number of leaves in a plant, leaf chlorophyll index (SPAD), plant biological yield, harvest index, and protein yield by 68.70%, 62.85%, 39.44%, 93.28%, 38.51% and 454.78% respectively, compared to the treatment without these additions.
Isolation &Identification of Proteus spp. bacteria isolated from Locally processed raw Beef in Baghdad City
Authors: Maha Tareq Mohammed  , Ahmed Husam Al-Deri
Published: December 2024

This study was done to demonstrate the bacterial contamination of many type of raw Beef meat products that processed locally in Iraq by  Proteus. spp. bacteria , during January to June from 2022 one hundred fifty Beef products samples   ((burger, meatball, pasterma )  were randomly purchased  from different local markets in Baghdad City ,These samples were sent to the Lab. of Microbiology for bacterial identification which performed by using different selective media like MacConkey Agar, blood agar, XLD agar,  more identification  was done by using Gram stain technique and biochemical tests , (11) isolates of Proteus spp. as (7.33%) was diagnosed and confirmed as Proteus mirabilis  using VITEK 2 compact technique & Finally the Nucleotide Sequence of 16S  rRNA Gene of isolated  bacterial spp. was identified  by PCR technique.
Comparison of microbial and chemical changes in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) fillets reared in earthen basins, river cages and river fish during storage in refrigerator
Authors: Ahmed A. Hussein  , Itlal Hakim Almasoodi  , Aqeel H. Atallah
Published: December 2024

The factors that greatly affect the quality of fish meat are type of nutrition and nutritional conditions, their effects are found in the muscle structure and stability of fish meat during the storage period. To conduct this study, fish were stored for 14 days at a temperature of 4 °C. During the refrigerated storage period of fish fillets, the approximate composition of fish fillets (moisture, protein, fat and ash) was measured, and the quality factors of fish were recorded. The results also showed that the highest amount of moisture and the lowest amount of fat were in fish cultured in earthen ponds, and the amount of protein did not change significantly between the different treatments, the amounts of TBA, FFA and TVN increased during the refrigerated storage period, and the pH changes were not regular between the different treatments. The highest amount of TBA and FFA was between the different treatments. It was also noted that the highest amount of moisture was in river fish. Comparison of the results of the different qualitative factors between the three treatments showed that treating fish in an earthen pond environment compared to the two treatments is more susceptible to spoilage during the refrigerated storage period. While the microbiological studies were conducted.
العقبات والتحديات الواقعية على تطبيق القانون الجنائي الدولي
Authors: م. حيدر مهدي بنية
Published: December 2024

من خلال البحث في موضوعات العقبات والتحديات الواقعية على تطبيق القانون الجنائي الدولي حي سعد القانون الجنائي الدولي من الادوات القانونية والأساسية التي يسعى المشرع الدولي من خلالها الى تطبيق العدالة الدولية حيث ان ذلك يستهدف الافراد المسؤولين ،عن ارتكاب الجرائم الدولية مثل جرائم الإبادة الجماعية والجرائم ضد الإنسانية وغيرها من الجرائم الواردة في لا احد محكمه العدل الدولية حيث بينا من خلال هذا البحث تناول عقبات تطبيق القانون الجنائي الدولي مستندين في ذلك الى مجموعه من العقبات من اهمها تلك العقبات التي ترتبط بالحصانة الدبلوماسية ، الممنوحة الى الافراد من رؤساء الدول والملوك وزعماء واعضاء البرلمان والامراء وغيرهم من القادة العسكريين وما يمثله من عقبه كبيره في تحقيق العدالة الدولية كما تشكل مشكله جمع الأدلة عقبه ومعوض في طريق تحقيق العدالة الدولية في ضرورة محاسبه ، مرتكبي الجرائم ذات الطابع الدولي كما ان اختلاف التشريعات بين الدول المختلفة كذلك تمثل مشكله في تطبيق القانون الدولي الجنائي فيما يتعلق في الجرائم المشار اليها كجرائم الحرب وجرائم الإبادة الجماعية
التفسير بالرأي معناه وتاريخه وحدوده المشروعة
Authors: الدكتور قاسم محمد بركة
Published: December 2024

تناول هذا البحث مسألة التفسير للنص القرآني بالرأي وكذلك بيّنَ معنى التفسير والتأويل وإشكالية العلاقة بينهما وآراء العلماء في هذه المسألة ثم بيّنتُ تاريخ هذا النمط من التفسير، ثم وضعتُ حدودًا دقيقة له ولاسيما المشروع والمقبول من هذا التفسير وهو المقيد بما ورَدَ في القرآن الكريم ثم السنة الشريفة وهو وسيلة لفهم النص والاجتهاد في بيانه وليس وسيلةً في مقابلة النص الشرعي أو مصدرٍ بديلٍ عنهُ.
Challenges of Using Generative AI Tools in Developing Multimedia-Based Learning Environments: Experts' Perspectives
Authors: Qaran Ahmed , Al-Qarni Ahmed , Al-Sohimy Ahmed , Al-Marhabi Ayman , Musalhi Ahmed
Published: December 2024

The current study aimed to identify the challenges of generative artificial intelligence in developing multimedia-based learning environments, as researchers saw that generative artificial intelligence tools for multimedia have spread rapidly in the last three years, through which simple text processors can generate digital objects in the form of video, images and animations. Since educational environments are almost devoid of multimedia, it is important to examine the challenges that generative intelligence tools can present to multimedia-based educational environments. Since the use of multimedia is primarily based on the principles of the cognitive theory of multimedia learning, reviewing the challenges associated with the use of generative intelligence tools will be linked to the principles of the cognitive theory of multimedia learning. The current research relied on the phenomenological approach in conducting a set of interviews with (6) experts specialized in the use of generative intelligence tools in the field of multimedia. According to the objective analysis processes, the most prominent results were that the challenges are based on educational challenges, organizational, legislative, technical and technological challenges.
Implementasi Program Pengembangan Kreativitas Guru dan Anak Usia Dini Melalui Kegiatan Gebyar HIMA PGPAUD Universitas Islam Al-Ihya Kuningan
Authors: Iskandar Yogi , Nuryati Nunung , Darmayanti Darmayanti , Destiyanti Ika Candra , Iman Iman , Setiana Setiana
Published: December 2024

The "Gebyar HIMA PGPAUD UNISA 2023" event is a community service program aimed at enhancing the creativity and knowledge of Early Childhood Education (PAUD) teachers and stimulating the development of early childhood through various educational activities. The program includes seminars, workshops, and creativity competitions involving teachers and PAUD children in the III Cirebon region. This activity is also designed to support the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum with a project-based and neuroscience approach. The results of this event show high enthusiasm from participants, both teachers and children, who actively participated in various activities. This program is expected to contribute positively to improving the quality of early childhood education in the region and strengthen the role of Universitas Islam Al-Ihya (UNISA) Kuningan in advancing education through community service initiatives
Exploring the Efficacy of Behavioral Biometrics in Cybersecurity
Authors: Jimmy FNU
Published: December 2024

The increasing sophistication of cyberattacks necessitates innovative approaches to cybersecurity. Behavioral biometrics, which leverage unique patterns in human behavior such as keystroke dynamics, mouse movements, and touchscreen interactions, have emerged as a promising solution for enhancing security frameworks. This study explores the efficacy of behavioral biometrics in detecting and mitigating cyber threats. By analyzing real-world applications and experimental data, the research highlights the strengths of behavioral biometrics in providing continuous authentication, reducing reliance on traditional static credentials, and improving threat detection accuracy. Challenges, including data privacy concerns, system integration, and adaptability to user behavior changes, are also discussed. The findings underscore the potential of behavioral biometrics as a vital component of next-generation cybersecurity systems, paving the way for more robust and user-friendly digital security solutions.
Secure Multi-Cloud Architectures: Best Practices for Data Protection
Authors: Jimmy FNU
Published: December 2024

As organizations increasingly adopt multi-cloud strategies to enhance operational efficiency, scalability, and cost-effectiveness, ensuring data protection across diverse cloud environments has become a critical concern. This research explores secure multi-cloud architectures, focusing on best practices for safeguarding data integrity, confidentiality, and availability. The study investigates challenges unique to multi-cloud environments, including inconsistent security configurations, data fragmentation, and inter-cloud communication vulnerabilities. By leveraging a comprehensive framework, this work identifies and evaluates solutions such as zero-trust models, encryption techniques, identity and access management (IAM), and compliance-driven governance policies. Additionally, emerging trends like secure APIs, artificial intelligence-driven monitoring, and blockchain-based data protection are discussed. The findings offer practical guidelines for enterprises to implement robust security measures, reduce risk, and optimize data protection strategies in multi-cloud ecosystems.
Secure Multi-Cloud Architectures: Best Practices for Data Protection
Authors: Islam Md. Rashed
Published: December 2024

As organizations increasingly adopt multi-cloud strategies to enhance operational efficiency, scalability, and cost-effectiveness, ensuring data protection across diverse cloud environments has become a critical concern. This research explores secure multi-cloud architectures, focusing on best practices for safeguarding data integrity, confidentiality, and availability. The study investigates challenges unique to multi-cloud environments, including inconsistent security configurations, data fragmentation, and inter-cloud communication vulnerabilities. By leveraging a comprehensive framework, this work identifies and evaluates solutions such as zero-trust models, encryption techniques, identity and access management (IAM), and compliance-driven governance policies. Additionally, emerging trends like secure APIs, artificial intelligence-driven monitoring, and blockchain-based data protection are discussed. The findings offer practical guidelines for enterprises to implement robust security measures, reduce risk, and optimize data protection strategies in multi-cloud ecosystems.
Análisis del crecimiento Económico del Ecuador y su relación con los sectores Primario, Secundario y Terciario del Cantón Milagro
Authors: Espín Montesdeoca Darwin Omar
Published: December 2024

El presente estudio tiene como objetivo analizar la relación entre el crecimiento económico de Ecuador y los sectores del cantón San Francisco de Milagro durante el período 2007-2020. Utilizando datos del Banco Central del Ecuador, el análisis aplica técnicas de regresión lineal múltiple y estadísticas multivariantes, en particular el Análisis de Componentes Principales (ACP), para identificar las variables significativas que afectan al crecimiento económico. Los resultados muestran que el sector terciario es el principal contribuyente a la economía de Milagro, seguido por el sector primario, mientras que el sector secundario presenta una relación negativa con el crecimiento económico nacional. Estos hallazgos destacan la necesidad de fortalecer el sector secundario para un desarrollo económico sostenible. Este estudio sirve como base para futuros análisis, especialmente en el contexto post-pandemia, su impacto en el rendimiento académico de una población diversa de aprendices.
Inteligencia Artificial enfoque legal global y legislación ecuatoriana emergente, mirada crítica propositiva
Authors: Serrano Valdiviezo Marlon Paul , Pinargote Pinargote Henrry Marcelino , Bravo Tuárez Temístocles Lastemio , García Peña, Víctor René
Published: December 2024

En la era actual en que la humanidad se desenvuelve, la usabilidad de la Inteligencia artificial, cada día emerge con diferentes manifestaciones en todas las áreas, los límites de cobertura sin duda al momento no se puede establecer e allí el objetivo de esta investigación, la cual pretende conocer un enfoque global de regulaciones de esta tecnología y plantear alternativas de control específicamente en el caso que se ejecuten alternativas de IA que puedan afectar al ser humano o sus medios de sostenibilidad de todo tipo, se plantea una metodología analítica porque permite ejecutar un proceso cognoscitivo a más del método sintético para resumir los aspectos más relevantes de un proceso investigativo y sirve para narrar las conclusiones y triangulación de resultados, como técnicas la revisión documental porque permitió hacer una idea del desarrollo y las características de los procesos legales, la entrevista que sirvió para conocer puntos de vista de profesionales en el área, como instrumentos el inventario de citas anexados en la bibliografía y el banco de preguntas semiestructuradas, se concluye que varios países e incluso la Comunidad Europea disponen de alternativas que regulan la gestión de la IA sin embargo en Ecuador aún adolece de una estructura legal para la regulación y control de esta tecnología, finalmente se presenta un bosquejo de los aspectos que deben tomarse en cuenta para normar el proceder de la IA
Auditoria Forense para mitigar los riesgos en las Empresas Ecuatorianas
Authors: Moreira Mero Nelly Yolanda , Navarrete Mendoza Ximena Magdalena , Bermeo Párraga Luis Alfredo
Published: December 2024

La auditoría forense ha surgido como una herramienta indispensable para abordar los riesgos financieros y operativos en empresas ecuatorianas, especialmente ante el creciente contexto de vulnerabilidad frente al fraude corporativo. En este sentido, su aplicación permite no solo identificar irregularidades y prácticas indebidas, sino también optimizar los procesos internos, además, promoviendo una mayor eficiencia en la gestión de recursos y garantizando el cumplimiento normativo. El objetivo del presente estudio es analizar el impacto de la auditoria forense para reducir el riesgo financiero en las empresas ecuatorianas. De esta manera identificar y clasificar inseguridades que enfrenta las entidades, Por otra parte, implementar medidas correctivas que fortalezcan la transparencia organizacional; de esta manera reducir la incidencia de actividades fraudulentas. La metodología aplicada es cualitativa con un enfoque descriptivo, el mismo que utiliza un meta-análisis para la obtención de la información, considerando una muestra de 32 estudios a nivel de Latinoamérica. Los resultados presentaron que la auditoría forense fomenta una cultura empresarial basada en la ética y la rendición de cuentas, contribuyendo a minimizar pérdidas financieras y logrando sostenibilidad en el mercado. En este sentido, es importante incorporar herramientas tecnológicas avanzadas, como Big Data y softwares analíticos que permiten mejorar la detección de patrones sospechosos y en la evaluación de riesgos, adaptándose a las demandas de un entorno empresarial cada vez más complejo. Bajo estas premisas se reafirma el papel de la auditoria forense como un recurso clave para fortalecer los sistemas de control y garantizar la sostenibilidad organizacional.
Teoría de cuerdas y su relación con la física de partículas: estudio de modelos de compactificación de dimensiones extra.
Authors: Herrera Valle Josué Daniel , Puyol Cortez Jorge Luis
Published: December 2024

La teoría de cuerdas es una de las propuestas más prometedoras para unificar las fuerzas fundamentales de la naturaleza y conciliar la mecánica cuántica con la relatividad general. Este artículo explora cómo los diferentes espacios de Calabi-Yau compactifican las dimensiones extra postuladas por la teoría de cuerdas y analiza las implicaciones de estos modelos en la física de partículas. La Compactificación es crucial para conectar las 10 dimensiones predichas por la teoría con el universo observable en cuatro dimensiones. A través de la revisión de modelos de Compactificación, se examina su influencia sobre las propiedades de las partículas elementales, el espectro de masa y la fenomenología de las interacciones fundamentales.
Importancia de la utilización del laboratorio virtual y los simuladores PHET en el aprendizaje de la física y la matemática en el nivel de Bachillerato.
Authors: Mera Escobar Camila Belén , Puyol Cortez Jorge Luis
Published: December 2024

Este estudio evalúa la importancia de un laboratorio virtual aplicando los simuladores en la comprensión de conceptos de física y matemáticas por parte de estudiantes de bachillerato. A través de una encuesta, se desarrollaron 6 preguntas a un grupo de 100 estudiantes de diferentes colegios de la ciudad y cantón de Esmeraldas que usen los laboratorios virtuales con simuladores PHET, las mismas que permitieron brindar la información necesaria para descubrir el nivel de aceptación e importancia que los estudiantes del nivel de bachillerato le dan al uso de estos laboratorios virtuales y sus simuladores PEHT. Aplicar esta encuesta fue de mucha ayuda porque nos facilitó descubrir el interés de los estudiantes por estas nuevas herramientas de enseñanza ya que les permite desarrollar sus destrezas de manera significativa para mejorar en temas de física y matemáticas. Los resultados porcentuales a la encuesta sugieren que los laboratorios virtuales pueden ser herramientas efectivas que permite la visualización y experimentación interactiva, una accesibilidad y flexibilidad, fomenta el aprendizaje activo, desarrolla habilidades científicas y matemáticas, apoya al enfoque constructivista porque el aprendizaje se construye activamente a partir de las experiencias mejorando la motivación y el interés, ya que reduce el estrés que suele producir en algunos estudiantes al realizar estos ejercicios de manera convencional. En conclusión, incorporar estos laboratorios y simuladores en la enseñanza de las físicas y las matemáticas en el nivel de bachillerato, ofrece muchos beneficios reveladores, que permiten mejorar la comprensión de los conceptos complejos, promueve el aprendizaje más interactivo y desarrolla habilidades en los estudiantes que les permitirán aplicar a la vida real.
Adquisición eficaz del idioma en entornos de inglés como lengua extranjera
Authors: Recalde García Frans , Fabre Merchán Paolo , Fabre Triana Paula , Zambrano Pachay Jorge
Published: December 2024

La adquisición de un idioma es un proceso complejo que implica más que la simple repetición y memorización de vocabulario y estructuras gramaticales. Requiere interacción y exposición a actividades del mundo real, que permiten a las personas comunicarse con fluidez utilizando el lenguaje social y académico (Chomsky, 1956; Vygotsky 1978). Aprender un nuevo idioma también implica algunos procesos que suceden en el cerebro, que se activan y se desarrollan mejor cuando las personas están expuestas a un idioma extranjero.
Factores clave que influyen en el desempeño académico en entornos virtuales de EFL.
Authors: Bravo Pineda Lourdes Stephanie
Published: December 2024

El presente estudio explora los factores que influyen en el desempeño académico de los estudiantes de lengua extranjera, específicamente aquellos que estudian inglés, en un entorno completamente virtual. El aprendizaje asincrónico y la videoconferencia han crecido significativamente en los últimos años, sin embargo, los entornos virtuales presentan desafíos únicos para adquirir habilidades productivas y receptivas. Esta investigación examina las dificultades particulares que enfrentan los estudiantes al aprender inglés en un formato completamente en línea, enfocándose en las implicaciones para las habilidades productivas (habla y escritura) y receptivas (escucha y lectura). Al analizar diversos factores académicos y sociales, el estudio pretende aportar información sobre cómo el aprendizaje virtual impacta los resultados de adquisición de lenguas.
Influencia de las nuevas tecnologías en el proceso de enseñanza de los estudiantes.
Authors: Montaluisa Yaguana Diana Lucía , Sánchez Vélez Shirley Annabel , Alcívar Mendoza Mery Nereida , Yela Vilca Gabriela Lorena , Rivas Lucas Agustin Gregorio
Published: December 2024

Las tecnologías emergentes han transformado la educación al permitir una mayor personalización de los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje. Los sistemas adaptativos ahora modifican las actividades y el material en función de las preferencias y requisitos individuales de los estudiantes, mejorando así la eficiencia del aprendizaje y mitigando las disparidades educativas. Esta investigación busca examinar el impacto de las tecnologías emergentes en el proceso educativo utilizando una técnica cualitativa que incluye examen bibliográfico y documental. Los hallazgos sugieren que las tecnologías permiten a los estudiantes adaptar sus métodos y velocidad de aprendizaje; no obstante, enfrentan desafíos, incluidas disparidades en la disponibilidad de tecnología, preparación inadecuada de los docentes y el desarrollo de herramientas de evaluación innovadoras. En conclusión, la tecnología influye profundamente en la educación, lo que significa un avance crucial para el futuro del sector educativo.
Hidrosostenibilidad y agroecología: camino para el desarrollo rural en Manabí
Authors: Gallardo Dueñas Diana Patricia , Cortez Bajaña Jorge Arturo , Heredia Mendoza Joffre Danilo , Macias Barberán José Ricardo
Published: December 2024

La agroecología y las formas alternativas de agricultura han ganado interés por representar vías concretas para producir alimentos para el crecimiento de la población, satisfacer la demanda social con productos más sanos y procesos de producción menos dañinos para el ambiente y los productores. El propósito del presente artículo es analizar los planteamientos relacionados con la sostenibilidad y su rol dentro del paradigma agroecológico como vía para el desarrollo rural de Manabí. Metodológicamente se basó en una revisión sistemática de fuentes científicas físicas y electrónicas asociadas con el área de la agroecología. Se determinó que resulta imperioso que la soberanía y seguridad alimentaria se convierta en una política de Estado direccionada en términos agroecológicos, basada en los productores agrícolas rurales, con planes estratégicos donde participen los campesinos (montubia) y los elementos espaciales y temporales de cada territorio, bajo su entorno ecológico.
La Auditoría Forense en la Era Digital: Retos y Estrategias de Adaptación en Latinoamérica
Authors: Moreira Mero Nelly Yolanda , Lucas Pinargote Dayana Katherine , Correa Cando Luis Genaro
Published: December 2024

La auditoría forense en Latinoamérica ha experimentado una transformación significativa debido al incremento de fraudes financieros digitales y la creciente digitalización de los procesos empresariales. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo analizar las principales estrategias y retos que se han adaptado en las empresas ecuatorianas. Teniendo como referente la implementación de tecnologías como es la inteligencia artificial (IA), el Big Data y el blockchain. La investigación aplica una metodología cualitativa mediante la aplicación de 32 meta-análisis, y los informes gubernamentales. Por otra parte, estudios de caso específicos de países como Brasil, México y Colombia. Los resultados muestran que, aunque la adopción de tecnologías avanzadas ha mejorado la detección de fraudes, los auditores forenses enfrentan desafíos importantes, entre ellos la falta de formación especializada, la insuficiencia de infraestructura tecnológica en muchas empresas y la dificultad de adaptación a normativas internacionales como el Reglamento General de Protección de Datos (GDPR). De esta manera, se destaca que la ciberseguridad sigue siendo un aspecto crítico, con un alto porcentaje de empresas que no implementan medidas de protección adecuadas. En este sentido, la auditoría forense en Latinoamérica, es fundamental invertir en la capacitación continua de los profesionales y fomentar la integración de herramientas tecnológicas en los procesos de auditoría. Al mismo tiempo, es necesario un mayor cumplimiento de las regulaciones de protección de datos y una mayor inversión en infraestructura tecnológica. Este estudio ofrece una visión integral sobre los desafíos y las soluciones que pueden impulsar una auditoría forense más eficiente y adaptada las demandas digitales actuales.