bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Resveratrol-Enhanced Human Neural Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Mitigate MPP+-Induced Neurotoxicity Through Activation of AMPK and Nrf2 Pathways and Inhibition of the NLRP3 Inflammasome in SH-SY5Y Cells
Authors: Chiang Ming-Chang , Yang Yu-Ping , Nicol Christopher J. B. , Chiang Tairui , Yen Chiahui
Published: February 2025

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder primarily characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation are recognized as critical pathological mechanisms driving neurodegeneration in PD. Exosome (Exo)-based therapies, particularly those derived from human neural stem cells (hNSCs), offer promising neuroprotective effects due to their ability to transfer bioactive molecules that modulate cellular processes. Resveratrol (RES), a polyphenolic compound with potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, has been shown to enhance the therapeutic potential of stem cell (SC)-derived Exos. This study investigated the neuroprotective effects of RES-treated hNSCs-derived Exos (RES-hNSCs-Exos) on SH-SY5Y cells exposed to 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+), a neurotoxin commonly used to model Parkinsonian neurotoxicity. Treating SH-SY5Y cells with MPP+ led to significant reductions in cell viability, mitochondrial dysfunction, increased oxidative stress, and the activation of inflammatory pathways. Treatment with RES-hNSCs-Exos rescued SH-SY5Y cells from MPP+-induced toxicity by improving cell viability, enhancing ATP production, increasing mitochondrial biogenesis, and reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. The findings also demonstrated the increased expression of essential genes involved in mitochondrial biogenesis, such as PGC1α, NRF1, and Tfam, indicating improved mitochondrial function in the presence of RES-hNSCs-Exos. Further analysis revealed that these protective effects were mediated by activating the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and Nrf2 signaling pathways, which promoted mitochondrial health and reduced oxidative stress. Moreover, RES-hNSCs-Exos treatment suppressed neuroinflammation by downregulating NLRP3 inflammasome activation and reducing the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18. In conclusion, the results suggest that RES-hNSCs-Exos exhibit potent neuroprotective effects against MPP+-induced neurotoxicity by enhancing mitochondrial function, reducing oxidative stress, and inhibiting neuroinflammation. These findings highlight the potential of hNSCs-Exos as a novel therapeutic strategy for neurodegenerative diseases like PD, with RES as a valuable enhancer of Exos efficacy.
Loaded Surface Shape Stability Analysis of Short-Focus Off-Axis Aspheres for Stressed Mirror Polishing
Authors: Li Jinfeng , Hu Haifei , Zhu Junqing , Pei Han , Liu Le
Published: February 2025

The Stressed Mirror Polishing method (SMP) enables the high-quality and efficient fabrication of short-focus off-axis aspheres (SFOA) for overcoming difficulties arising from large asphericity, which makes the polishing tool unfitted for the mirror surface shape and produces mid- and high-frequency errors. However, there remains a lack of precise iterative loading methods and detailed analyses of loaded surface shape stability for processing SFOA through SMP. Therefore, a foundational analysis model for SMP was established, integrating mathematical theoretical modeling with a finite element analysis (FEA). Based on this model, an iterative loading strategy, based on the proportional relationship between the Zernike coefficients and the SMP-type surface shape error, was proposed to achieve a high dynamic range of >100, which is 10 times larger than the reported ones. Moreover, to guide the loading structure design and quantify the surface shape’s sensitivity to design parameters, both design of experiments (DOE) and radial basis function (RBF) methods had been used to ascertain the precision requirement of each force and the corresponding arm length at separated loading points, under the shape precision requirement of PV < 1 μm which coordinates with the ability of the Ion Beam Figuring (IBF) technique.
Outcomes in Acute Decompensated Congestive Heart Failure Admissions with Chronic Liver Disease: A Nationwide Analysis Using the National Inpatient Sample
Authors: Varughese Vivek Joseph , Nagesh Vignesh Krishnan , Moliya Pratiksha , Gonzalez Nelson , Martinez Emelyn , Mujadzic Hata , James Maggie , Lo Abraham , Weissman Simcha
Published: February 2025

AIM: The aim of our study was primarily to analyze hospital outcomes for acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) admissions with a comorbid diagnosis of chronic liver disease (CLD). METHODS: The NIS was used to select ADHF admissions. The population characteristics of general ADHF admissions were compared with ADHF admissions with a comorbid diagnosis of CLD. Multivariate probit logistic regression was used to analyze the association between a documented diagnosis of CLD/alcoholic liver disease and all-cause mortality in ADHF admissions. Confounders were accounted for. Propensity scoring and nearest neighbor matching were conducted to select a matched cohort with and without CLD from ADHF admissions to further look at mortality outcomes. RESULTS: ADHF admissions with a comorbid diagnosis of CLD had a significantly higher proportion of all-cause mortality, 0.054 (0.053–0.057), a higher length of hospital stay, 6.95 days (6.84–7.06), and a higher mean of total hospital charges, USD 88,068.1, when compared to ADHF admissions without a comorbid diagnosis of CLD: all-cause mortality, 0.045 (0.044–0.046); length of hospital stay, 6.18 days (6.13–6.23); and mean total hospital charges, USD 79,946.21. A comorbid diagnosis of CLD had a significant association with all-cause mortality in ADHF admissions: OR 1.23 (1.17–1.29) after accounting for confounders. In the propensity-matched cohorts, the cohort with a diagnosis of CLD from the ADHF admissions had a higher proportion of all-cause mortality, 0.042 (0.036–0.049), when compared to the cohort without a diagnosis of chronic liver disease, 0.027 (0.022–0.033). CONCLUSIONS: In analyzing the mortality and healthcare utilization outcomes for ADHF admissions, the comorbid diagnosis of CLD is shown to have significantly higher all-cause mortality, higher length of hospital stay, and higher mean total charges when compared to ADHF admissions without a diagnosis of CLD. A documented diagnosis of CLD had a statistically significant association with all-cause mortality in ADHF admissions after accounting for confounding factors.
Polyphenols, Alkaloids, and Terpenoids Against Neurodegeneration: Evaluating the Neuroprotective Effects of Phytocompounds Through a Comprehensive Review of the Current Evidence
Authors: de Lima Enzo Pereira , Laurindo Lucas Fornari , Catharin Vitor Cavallari Strozze , Direito Rosa , Tanaka Masaru , Jasmin Santos German Iris , Lamas Caroline Barbalho , Guiguer Elen Landgraf , Araújo Adriano Cressoni , Fiorini Adriana Maria Ragassi , Barbalho Sandra Maria
Published: February 2025

Neurodegenerative diseases comprise a group of chronic, usually age-related, disorders characterized by progressive neuronal loss, deformation of neuronal structure, or loss of neuronal function, leading to a substantially reduced quality of life. They remain a significant focus of scientific and clinical interest due to their increasing medical and social importance. Most neurodegenerative diseases present intracellular protein aggregation or their extracellular deposition (plaques), such as α-synuclein in Parkinson’s disease and amyloid beta (Aβ)/tau aggregates in Alzheimer’s. Conventional treatments for neurodegenerative conditions incur high costs and are related to the development of several adverse effects. In addition, many patients are irresponsive to them. For these reasons, there is a growing tendency to find new therapeutic approaches to help patients. This review intends to investigate some phytocompounds’ effects on neurodegenerative diseases. These conditions are generally related to increased oxidative stress and inflammation, so phytocompounds can help prevent or treat neurodegenerative diseases. To achieve our aim to provide a critical assessment of the current literature about phytochemicals targeting neurodegeneration, we reviewed reputable databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, and COCHRANE, seeking clinical trials that utilized phytochemicals against neurodegenerative conditions. A few clinical trials investigated the effects of phytocompounds in humans, and after screening, 13 clinical trials were ultimately included following PRISMA guidelines. These compounds include polyphenols (flavonoids such as luteolin and quercetin, phenolic acids such as rosmarinic acid, ferulic acid, and caffeic acid, and other polyphenols like resveratrol), alkaloids (such as berberine, huperzine A, and caffeine), and terpenoids (such as ginkgolides and limonene). The gathered evidence underscores that quercetin, caffeine, ginkgolides, and other phytochemicals are primarily anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective, counteracting neuroinflammation, neuronal oxidation, and synaptic dysfunctions, which are crucial aspects of neurodegenerative disease intervention in various included conditions, such as Alzheimer’s and other dementias, depression, and neuropsychiatric disorders. In summary, they show that the use of these compounds is related to significant improvements in cognition, memory, disinhibition, irritability/lability, aberrant behavior, hallucinations, and mood disorders.
Reliability Analysis of Complex PCB Assemblies Under Temperature Cycling and Random Vibration
Authors: Tian Wenchao , Li Feiyang , He Mang , Ji Haoyue , Chen Si
Published: February 2025

This paper examined the reliability of complex PCB assemblies under random vibration and temperature cycling, which are two primary causes of assembly failure. A combination of finite element simulation and environmental testing was employed to investigate the effects of different reinforcement methods and solder joint morphology on assembly reliability. The linear accumulation of damage was utilized to predict assembly failure, and the predicted failure damage was compared with the damage extracted post-testing to validate the simulation analysis. The results indicate that SAC305 solder exhibits greater strength than Sn63Pb37 solder in withstanding temperature cycling fatigue, yet is weaker than Sn63Pb37 solder in withstanding random vibration fatigue. When the solder is Sn63Pb37, the temperature cycling life of the assembly with the bottom filled and the corners fixed is reduced by 92.3% and 99.3%, respectively, compared to the unreinforced method, while the random vibration life is enhanced by 84 times and 3.9 times, respectively. An increase in pad diameter is advantageous for improving the random vibration life of the assembly, but results in a decrease in the temperature cycling life. When the lower pad diameter ranges from 0.35 mm to 0.55 mm, the assembly temperature cycling life decreases by 28.83%, 82.03%, 90.66%, and 91.22% with the increase of the lower pad diameter, and the random vibration life improves by 4.8 times, 9.5 times, 20.4 times, and 33.6 times, respectively. The predicted locations of vulnerable solder joints for the assembly are consistent with the experimental results, and the failure prediction accuracy of the assembly is 88.89%.
A Wafer-Level Fabricated Heating–Vacuum Micro-Platform with Resonant MEMS Monolithically Integrated
Authors: He Kaixuan , Feng Rui , Zheng Yu , Guo Lijian , Liao Qichao , Song Dongfang , Xiang Yuan , Li Xinxin
Published: February 2025

This paper presents a silicon-based wafer-level vacuum packaging platform with a monolithically integrated micro-oven. This system provides vacuum and constant temperature operating conditions to improve the performance of resonant micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) devices. Based on a three-layer wafer-level vacuum packaging process, the platform integrates a silicon thermistor, a thermal isolation structure, and a heater with the addition of a mask and an additional silicon wafer. This wafer-level vacuum-packaging platform achieved a vacuum level of approximately 6 mTorr. Due to the micro-oven, the temperature coefficient of the resonant frequency for the MEMS resonator was reduced by 48 times, and the temperature coefficient of the quality factor was reduced 19 times within the temperature range of −40 °C to 80 °C. The heater of the micro-oven consumed about 364 mW of power when the ambient temperature was −40 °C and the temperature controlled by the micro-oven was 100 °C. This method enables the wafer-level integration of the thermistor, thermal isolation structure, heater, and vacuum-packaged resonator, offering advantages such as low cost, efficient batch production, and high performance.
Anaerobiosis and Mutations Can Reduce Susceptibility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to Tobramycin Without Reducing the Cellular Concentration of the Antibiotic
Authors: Krittaphol Woravimol , Martin Lois W. , Walker Greg F. , Lamont Iain L.
Published: February 2025

Chronic infections of Pseudomonas aeruginosa are commonly treated with tobramycin. During infections, the bacteria can exist under conditions of oxygen deprivation that render them less susceptible to this antibiotic. The aims of this research were to investigate the genetic basis of tobramycin resistance under anaerobic conditions, and to investigate the effects of anaerobiosis and mutations on the cellular concentration of tobramycin. Ten mutants with lowered susceptibility to tobramycin than wild-type bacteria were evolved from a laboratory reference strain under anaerobic conditions. Mutations were identified by genome sequencing. Mutations had arisen most frequently in the fusA1 gene that encodes elongation factor EF-G1A and in genes involved in twitching motility. Cellular concentrations of tobramycin were then measured. Mutations in fusA1 or absence of the MexXY efflux pump that is associated with tobramycin resistance did not alter the cellular tobramycin concentration under either anaerobic or aerobic conditions. Anaerobic growth reduced the cellular concentration of tobramycin, relative to aerobically grown bacteria, in some but not all of five tested P. aeruginosa isolates. Overall, our findings indicate that anaerobiosis and mutations that reduce aminoglycoside effectiveness do not lower the cellular concentration of antibiotic but instead reduce susceptibility through other mechanisms.
Innovations in Cancer Therapy: Endogenous Stimuli-Responsive Liposomes as Advanced Nanocarriers
Authors: Torres Jazmín , Valenzuela Oses Johanna Karina , Rabasco-Álvarez Antonio María , González-Rodríguez María Luisa , García Mónica Cristina
Published: February 2025

Recent advancements in nanotechnology have revolutionized cancer therapy—one of the most pressing global health challenges and a leading cause of death—through the development of liposomes (L), lipid-based nanovesicles known for their biocompatibility and ability to encapsulate both hydrophilic and lipophilic drugs. More recent innovations have led to the creation of stimuli-responsive L that release their payloads in response to specific endogenous or exogenous triggers. Dual- and multi-responsive L, which react to multiple stimuli, offer even greater precision, improving therapeutic outcomes while reducing systemic toxicity. Additionally, these smart L can adjust their physicochemical properties and morphology to enable site-specific targeting and controlled drug release, enhancing treatment efficacy while minimizing adverse effects. This review explores the latest advancements in endogenous stimuli-responsive liposomal nanocarriers, as well as dual- and multi-responsive L that integrate internal and external triggers, with a focus on their design strategies, mechanisms, and applications in cancer therapy.
Interband Cascade Lasers from a Historic Perspective to a Future Outlook
Authors: Yang Rui Q. , Santos Michael B.
Published: February 2025

Efficient, reliable, and low-cost mid-infrared interband cascade lasers (ICLs) are needed to meet the growing demands of many useful applications such as chemical sensing, environmental and greenhouse gas monitoring, detection of pipe leaks and explosives, food safety, medical diagnostics, and industrial process control. We review the developments and status of ICLs from a historic perspective, discuss the lessons learnt from experience, and suggest considerations for future research and development. This review endeavors to include the most representative aspects and activities of ICLs, but cannot possibly describe every contribution in the 30 years since the initiation of ICLs. We present an overall picture of the ICL architecture and connect the fundamental principle and underlying physics to future activities.
Triclosan Adsorption on Chitosan: Computational Study of Molecular Interactions and Potential for Environmental Remediation
Authors: Teixeira Cleidiane Cardoso , Pereira Anna Karla dos Santos , Cavallini Grasiele Soares , Pereira Douglas Henrique
Published: February 2025

The compound triclosan (TCS) is widely found in personal hygiene products, and when present in effluents, it can cause problems to human health, such as endocrine disruption, intestinal problems, and liver tumors. A sustainable alternative for the removal of TCS is the use of adsorbent biopolymers, which are low-cost, renewable, and biodegradable. One of the most widely used biopolymers is chitosan (CHT), which has excellent adsorptive properties due to its functional groups. In this context, the present work evaluated, through computational simulations, the interaction of the TCS molecule with CHT. The frontier molecular orbitals and the molecular electrostatic potential show that different forms of interactions can occur, and thus, five complexes were shown to be stable after the optimization of the interactions. The bond lengths of the interactions ranged from 1.839 Å to 3.606 Å and were formed mainly by hydrogen bonds and H...Cl interactions. The binding energy (∆EBind) allowed us to infer that adsorption occurred, ∆EBind < 0, and the values ranged from −4.14 kcal mol−1 to −17.74 kcal mol−1. The thermodynamic properties demonstrated that the process was exothermic and that two complexes were spontaneous: TCS...CHTiii with ΔG= −3.14 kcal mol−1 and TCS...CHTiv with ΔG= −2.82 kcal mol−1. The topological parameters revealed that almost all interactions between TCS and CHT were electrostatic, and the non-covalent interaction analysis confirmed the presence of van der Waals interaction between the complexes. Thus, it can be confirmed that this study showed the efficient use of chitosan for the treatment of effluents containing the emerging contaminant triclosan.
Anthropology of the Profane
Authors: Roy Arpita
Published: February 2025

Durkheimian anthropology has so insisted on the primacy of the sacred that one scarcely pauses to think on what role the profane may play in the study of religion. This paper examines the cultivation of dead bodies in the Tantric ritual of shav-sadhana to draw out the element of the “profanation of holy objects” operative within religion. Based on ethnographic research among Tantric specialists in rural Bengal, this paper examines how impurity liquidates the distance between the sacred and the profane which opens a window on the role of mundanity in religious rites and beliefs. I begin by portraying the ritual act undertaken by Tantric practitioners in which corpses ensuing from sudden, untimely deaths are mobilized for spiritual advancement. The ritual and its mode of efficacy are evocative for using impure matter to turn the flow of human ideals away from transcendence to ordinary, human ones. This paper concludes with a snapshot of Kaliyuga, the last age of Hindu cosmogony and the most corrupt, to thematize how the profane forms a lure as much as a barrier to religion.
Channel Attention for Fire and Smoke Detection: Impact of Augmentation, Color Spaces, and Adversarial Attacks
Authors: Ejaz Usama , Hamza Muhammad Ali , Kim Hyun-chul
Published: February 2025

The prevalence of wildfires presents significant challenges for fire detection systems, particularly in differentiating fire from complex backgrounds and maintaining detection reliability under diverse environmental conditions. It is crucial to address these challenges for developing sustainable and effective fire detection systems. In this paper: (i) we introduce a channel-wise attention-based architecture, achieving 95% accuracy and demonstrating an improved focus on flame-specific features critical for distinguishing fire in complex backgrounds. Through ablation studies, we demonstrate that our channel-wise attention mechanism provides a significant 3–5% improvement in accuracy over the baseline and state-of-the-art fire detection models; (ii) evaluate the impact of augmentation on fire detection, demonstrating improved performance across varied environmental conditions; (iii) comprehensive evaluation across color spaces including RGB, Grayscale, HSV, and YCbCr to analyze detection reliability; and (iv) assessment of model vulnerabilities where Fast Gradient Sign Method (FGSM) perturbations significantly impact performance, reducing accuracy to 41%. Using Local Interpretable Model-Agnostic Explanations (LIME) visualization techniques, we provide insights into model decision-making processes across both standard and adversarial conditions, highlighting important considerations for fire detection applications.
Research on the Multidimensional Valuation and Spatial Differentiation of Cultivated Land Resources in the Pearl River–Xijiang Economic Belt, China
Authors: Chen Zhantu , Deng Lulu , Chen Yiman , Wei Feili
Published: February 2025

Revealing the multidimensional value and spatial distribution of cultivated land (CL) resources is crucial for formulating scientific and reasonable CL protection policies and regional ecological supplements. This study takes the Pearl River–Xijiang Economic Belt (PRXJEB), China, as the study area, calculates the economic, social, ecological, and comprehensive values of CL resources based on the county scale, and analyzes the spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of CL resource value so as to provide a reference for protecting CL resources in the PRXJEB and promoting the healthy and scientific development of the economic belt. The income reduction method, alternative market method, and equivalent factor method were applied to calculate the economic, social, and ecological values of CL resources in 88 counties in 2021, respectively. Furthermore, spatial autocorrelation analysis was employed to reveal their distribution characteristics and influencing factors. The results show that (1) there are significant differences in the value of CL resources in the counties of the PRXJEB, and the value of CL resources is generally low. (2) The value of CL resources in the PRXJEB generally follows a distribution pattern of “higher in the east and lower in the west”. (3) The value of CL resources in the PRXJEB is mainly affected by natural conditions and the level of socio-economic development. Therefore, in view of the low value of CL resources and its spatial differentiation characteristics in the PRXJEB, it is recommended to strengthen land consolidation and improve the quality of CL, improve CL infrastructure and strengthen the introduction of agricultural science and technology, enhance policies to benefit farmers, and adjust farmers’ behaviour.
In Situ Tumor Vaccination Using Lipid Nanoparticles to Deliver Interferon-β mRNA Cargo
Authors: Kimura Kenji , Aicher Aidan , Niemeyer Emma , Areesawangkit Phurin , Tilsed Caitlin , Fong Karen P. , Papp Tyler E. , Albelda Steven M. , Parhiz Hamideh , Predina Jarrod D.
Published: February 2025

Background: In situ cancer vaccination is a therapeutic approach that involves stimulating the immune system in order to generate a polyclonal, anti-tumor response against an array of tumor neoantigens. Traditionally, in situ vaccination approaches have utilized adenoviral vectors to deliver immune-stimulating genes directly to the tumor microenvironment. Lipid nanoparticle (LNP)-mediated delivery methods offer several advantages over adenoviral delivery approaches, including increased safety, repeated administration potential, and enhanced tumor microenvironment activation. Methods: To explore in situ vaccination using LNPs, we evaluated LNP-mediated delivery of a reporter gene, mCherry, and an immune-stimulating gene, IFNβ, in several in vitro and in vivo models of lung cancer. Results: In vitro experiments demonstrated successful transfection of murine cancer cell lines with LNPs carrying both mCherry and IFN-β mRNA, resulting in high expression levels and IFNβ production. In vivo studies using LLC.ova flank tumors showed that intratumoral injection of IFNβ-mRNA LNPs led to significant IFNβ production within the tumor microenvironment, with minimal systemic exposure. Therapeutic efficacy was evaluated by injecting established LLC.ova flank tumors with IFNβ-mRNA LNPs bi-weekly for two weeks. Treated tumors showed significant growth inhibition compared to controls. Flow cytometric analysis of tumor-infiltrating leukocytes revealed that tumors injected with IFNβ-mRNA LNPs were associated with an increased CD8:CD4 T-cell ratio among lymphocytes, more CD69-expressing CD8 T-cells, and an increased presence of M1 macrophages. Efficacy and an abscopal effect were confirmed in a squamous cell carcinoma model, MOC1. No toxicity was observed. Conclusions: These findings show that intratumoral LNP delivery of immune-stimulating mRNA transcripts, such as IFNβ, can effectively stimulate local anti-tumor immune responses and warrants further investigation as a potential immunotherapeutic approach for cancer.
Water Resources Availability on a River Watershed in a Relevant Mineral Province (Minas Gerais, Brazil): An Integrated Approach to Water Resources Management
Authors: Freitas Alex Rodrigues de , de Paula Rodrigo Sérgio , Antunes Isabel Margarida Horta Ribeiro
Published: February 2025

The watershed of the Peixe River lies in central Minas Gerais state, close to Belo Horizonte city, a densely populated area. The area is located in the geological context of Quadrilátero Ferrífero, one of the most prominent mineral provinces in Brazil. To better recognize surface and groundwater availability, some methodologies have been applied to evaluate the minimal surface flow rates, groundwater recharge, and water reserves. The basin includes three main aquifer systems: Cauê (porous and fissured aquifer), related to iron formations; Gandarela, related to karst-fissured rocks; and Cercadinho, related to metapelite rocks. The Cauê aquifer presented the highest effective porosity and hydraulic conductivity. In contrast, the Cercadinho aquitard shows the lowest hydrodynamic parameters. Data between the years of 2004 and 2024 from 21 pumping tests from wells associated with the three aquifer systems were obtained to estimate the respective recharge rate. The recharge was evaluated by numeric recursive filter and recession-curve displacement methods. The recharge results with the numeric filter method showed underestimated values. Regarding the recession-curve displacement method, the results were more consistent with other studies in the surroundings. The average recharge estimated for the basin represents 24% to 54% of annual pluviometry in the hydrological periods of analysis. The recharge data were accounted for in the reserves calculation, including permanent and renewable reserves. Total permanent reserves were estimated to be 3.16 × 109 m3, including the prior aquifer systems of Cauê, Gandarela, and Cercadinho. The total mean renewable reserves of the basin were calculated to be 4.55 × 107 m3/year in the analyzed period. The high BFImax indexes found in baseflow separation, above 90%, suggest a relevant contribution of the karstic Gandarela aquifer on the watershed surface flow. Although in some years it has been concluded that groundwater exploitation outlines the renewable resources availability, in 2024’s scenario, the granted water volume was lower than the estimated availability and reserves. The best methodologies for coupling surface and groundwater are the Weibull distribution for reference surface flows and the recessive-curve displacement for baseflow separations. This research will be a contribution to water resources management strategies for regions with high population growth and water demand increase.
O cuidado pela alma e pelo corpo. De Platão a Foucault
Authors: Colombani Maria Cecilia
Published: February 2025

Este artigo analisa o conceito de “epimeleia heautou”, no escopo do pensamento foucaultiano, com o intuito de estabelecer uma relação com o problema da alma e do corpo presente no Livro IV da República. Nossa proposta consiste em compreender as relações entre a noção de cuidado de si e o lugar que a alma e o corpo ocupam neste livro. A tripartição da alma e a sua luta contra os prazeres reativam a metáfora política: aqui está a chave da disputa. O ser humano deve estabelecer uma ordem sobre o que tende a desordenar-se, a agitar-se e a causar aquilo que é inconveniente. O homem que controla a si próprio é aquele que pode alcançar essa ordem, pois conhece a estrutura da alma e do corpo como topoi complexos.
O que afirmavam não-cristãos acerca do nascimento e ressureição de Jesus de Nazaré na Antiguidade? Estudos a partir do "Discurso verdadeiro" de Celso (séc. II) VERDADEIRO DE CELSO (SÉC. III)
Authors: Farias Júnior José Petrúcio de
Published: February 2025

As investigações sobre os cristianismos antigos, ainda que desde o séc. XIX tenham desfrutado de ampla diversificação de aportes teórico-metodológicos e vertentes interpretativas, têm se voltado, em grande medida, à constituição e consolidação de fórmulas de fé cristãs em diálogo com a cultura envolvente na Antiguidade. Muito se discute acerca dos componentes simbólicos que passaram a constituir as experiências religiosas cristãs e a gradativa adesão das elites romanas ao movimento cristão. Na contramão desta historiografia, procuramos compreender, a partir do posicionamento do filósofo neoplatônico Celso, o impacto que as narrativas cristãs produziram em grupos sociais não-cristãos letrados. Em outras palavras, ocupamo-nos da recepção dos discursos cristãos por leitores não-cristãos, como Celso. Nosso estudo, nesse sentido, está centrado na obra do cristão alexandrino Orígenes, Contra Celso (248/9), graças a qual temos acesso aos argumentos anticristãos de Celso. Assim, indagamos as possíveis intencionalidades e objetivos de Celso ao questionar os discursos cristãos sobre o nascimento divino e a ressurreição de Jesus.
Amiano Marcelino e o pensamento histórico tucidideano
Authors: Benedetti Pedro
Published: February 2025

O presente estudo tem como objetivo buscar as possíveis influências do pensamento histórico de Tucídides na obra de Amiano Marcelino. Na qualidade de um historiador que tenta se inserir em uma tradição clássica, nuançamos no primeiro momento a imagem de Amiano como continuador de Tácito, dando ênfase em sua ligação com a historiografia grega. Depois disso, analisamos a metodologia professada por cada historiador e como ela foi aplicada ao longo das obras. Em seguida, abordamos suas noções de verdade histórica, erro e falsidade narrativa. Por fim, examinamos os objetivos professados por Amiano e Tucídides com a composição de suas obras. A partir disso, concluímos que, apesar de Tucídides ser pouco mencionado diretamente nas Res Gestae, a influência do pensamento histórico tucidideano em Amiano Marcelino ultrapassa a mera familiaridade com preceitos gerais de sua historiografia.
Considerações históricas sobre a caça, da Pré-história à Antiguidade
Authors: Funari Pedro Paulo Abreu
Published: February 2025

O artigo começar por discutir o papel da caça desde os primeiros hominínios, os primatas consumidores, desde cedo, da carne. O consumo de carne é tanto uma prática social como fisiológica, em particular nos últimos duzentos mil anos. O artigo, em seguida, volta-se para os mais recentes milhares de anos e o desenvolvimento da cerâmica, agricultura, domesticação animal e vida urbana. Guerras, conflitos e espetáculos estavam embebidos em religiosidade ou espiritualidade. O antigo Mediterrâneo Greco-Romano testemunho uma enorme atenção simbólica e prática da caça, tanto nas elites, como nas expressões populares. O artigo conclui com o legado da caça com o passar do tempo e hoje.
A Correspondência de Pierre Paris (1859-1931)
Authors: Reimond Grégory
Published: February 2025

A tese que defendemos em novembro de 2021, cuja publicação está em andamento, consistiu em uma biografia intelectual do arqueólogo e historiador da arte Pierre Paris. Nossas pesquisas nos permitiram notadamente reunir um certo número de documentos epistolares, uma seleção de 1.082 cartas escritas entre 1876 e 1931. Essencialmente, trata-se dos fragmentos da correspondência ativa de Pierre Paris, dos quais propomos uma edição crítica no volume 3 de nossa tese. É às características desse corpus, que não será publicado no livro que estamos preparando, que dedicaremos este artigo. Esforçar-nos-emos em destacar sua riqueza e seus limites, ao mesmo tempo mostrando que seria desejável, a médio prazo, torná-lo acessível por meio de uma publicação online.
Projeto ANIHO – Antiguidade, Nacionalimos e identidades Complexas na Historiografia Ocidental
Authors: Duplá Antonio
Published: February 2025

Entrevista - Antonio Duplá
DEVELOPMENT OF A METHOD FOR MODELING A SET OF STATES OF AN ELECTRICAL SYSTEM OF AN INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISE
Authors: Babaev Ilya , Panteleev Vasiliy
Published: February 2025

The article considers the calculation methodology of multiple modes of the electrical system of an industrial enterprise (ESPI) in order to optimize the control of reactive power and voltage. ESPI has some features, due to which the manual dispatch control system is not effective enough for them. In this regard, to control such systems, it is necessary to develop new, more advanced systems of automated control of mode parameters. The paper presents an innovative mathematical and algorithmic method based on the iterative method of forward and reverse motion. The developed methodology is implemented using modern computer technologies and intelligent algorithms in the Microsoft Excel Visual Basic for Applications software package for controlling power and voltage modes. The implemented program, in turn, will automate the control of ESPI mode parameters and conduct experiments and observations without the risk of damaging real equipment. The obtained research results are of practical importance. In the future, the methodology presented in this work can be used to create intelligent control systems and a situational control system that will facilitate the further development of technologies in the electric power industry and improve the efficiency of the power system.
MODELING AND ANALYSIS OF THE TEMPERATURE DISTRIBUTION OF A CHANNEL WALL WITH ITS FINNISHING WITH LONGITUDINAL RIBS OF FIXED AND VARIABLE HEIGHT
Authors: Bazykin Denis , Dakhin Sergey
Published: February 2025

The presented research consists in increasing the efficiency of thermoelectric generator unit used for generating electric power at remote sites in the gas production and gas processing industries, by means of thermostatting the surface of flat channels between which thermoelectric generator modules are installed, by finning them with fins of variable height. The article contains the results of the modeling and analysis of the temperature distribution of the channel wall when finned with fins of fixed and variable height, while the initial data for the modeling were the parameters recorded during the experimental research with channels including fins of variable height and the calculated values of the heat flux according to the specified data for the case with fins of fixed height. The obtained graphical results allow us to estimate the uniformity of the temperature field of the channel walls, when they are finned with ribs of fixed and variable height, from which it can be seen that the temperature distribution is performed more uniformly for the variant with ribs of variable height, during the modeling, numerical values of the pressure drop and useful thermal power received by the TGM were also obtained for each finning variant.
NANOSTRUCTURED MEMBRANE MATERIALS FOR PRODUCING HIGH-PURITY HYDROGEN
Authors: Simonov Alexander , Pushankina Polina , Petriev Iliya
Published: February 2025

Pd-based membranes are used for separation and purification of hydrogen in steam reforming reactors. However, at sufficiently low temperatures (less than 200°C), the penetrating flux of hydrogen through the membranes can be limited by the kinetics of surface processes. In the present study, the developed Pd-Ag-Ru alloy membranes were activated with a nanostructured modifying coating to intensify the hydrogen flux. This coating consisted of Pd nanoparticles deposited on the membrane surface, which are capable of significantly increasing the active surface area. Significant intensification of the hydrogen flux was observed over the entire studied temperature range (25-100 °C), and the highest values of the penetrating flux density were demonstrated for the modified membranes – up to 6,3 mmol s–1 m–2 at 100°C. This result is due to the increased number of active centers on the membrane surface reactive with respect to hydrogen. Surface activation helps to reduce activation barriers and enhance catalytic activity. The developed membranes also demonstrated high and stable selectivity over a long period of time. The strategy of modifying membrane materials with nanostructured coatings can shed new light on the development and production of durable and highly selective palladium-based membranes for steam-gas reforming reactors.
DEVELOPMENT OF THE STRUCTURE OF AN AUTOMATED CONTROL SYSTEM FOR A BRUSHLESS ELECTRIC MOTOR
Authors: Udovichenko Vladislav
Published: February 2025

The paper analyzes the peculiarities of controlling modern collectorless motors and identifies the key problems, the solution of which contributes to improving the efficiency of their operation. The aspects of control of collectorless motors used in various industries are considered in detail and the main problems associated with this process are identified. Methods for optimizing the control of collectorless motors through the introduction of electronic systems and microprocessor technology are presented. A method of digital signal generation for controlling collectorless motors, providing pulse width modulation (PWM), is discussed. The importance of using a control unit consisting of a switching module and a microprocessor module that provides control over motor operation is pointed out. It is concluded that it is necessary to develop and justify the suitability of the investigated structure of the motor control system for operation in real conditions, which will improve the control parameters and greatly simplify the interaction of the operator with the automatic control system.
INVESTIGATION OF THE DEPENDENCE OF THE FREQUENCY OF WINDAGE ON THE SHAPE OF THE BODY OF THE FLOW
Authors: Goryanikov Danil
Published: February 2025

The article presents the results of a study of the influence of the shape of the flow body (TO) on the frequency of vortex formation in a vortex flowmeter with an external sensitive element. Numerical simulation using CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics), implemented in the program for modeling physical phenomena using the Comsol Multiphysics finite element method (Femlab), was performed for three modifications of a cylindrical body of flow at three different flow velocities (0.11, 0.27 and 0.44 m/s) and a distance of 40 mm from the starting point equal to 0.017965 m. The obtained data on the frequency of vortex formation, depending on the flow velocity and the geometry of the flow body, make it possible to optimize the design of the vortex flowmeter to increase the accuracy of measurements. The dependence of the frequency of vortex formation on the flow velocity for all the studied currents has a similar character, but differs in magnitude. Further research will be aimed at studying the influence of additional parameters such as temperature and pressure.
SELECTION OF A GEOMETRIC MODEL OF A FIXED SOLID FUEL BED IN ANSYS FLUENT COMBUSTION MODELLING
Authors: Ashraf Ahmed
Published: February 2025

The aim of the study is to develop a CFD-based three-dimensional model for numerical simulation of solid waste combustion. The selection of the most adequate computational domain(s) specifying different fuel-to-air ratios along the bed length to ensure oxidant distribution between individual current lines is considered. Four variants of geometry with different sized regions specifying different fuel-to-air ratios along the length of the bed were evaluated. The calculation results were evaluated in terms of flow distribution in the gas region, parameter variation along the current lines, velocity, composition and temperature of gases at the exit of the calculation region. It was found that adequate simulation results are obtained with uniformly distributed areas of fuel and air, changing the ratios of both the size of solid fuel blocks and the ratio of fuel and air flow rates in different parts of the fuel layer led to a significant deterioration of the adequacy of the results - the appearance of a large number of current lines, in which there was no oxidant and combustion ended much later than in the neighbouring current lines.
INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECT OF PROPELLER PARAMETERS ON THE ENERGY CONSUMPTION OF THE PROPELLER GROUP OF A MULTIROTOR UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE
Authors: Burkovsky Alexander , Tikunov Alexey , Chernykh Tatyana , Pisarevsky Yuri , Pisarevsky Alexander , Titova Larisa
Published: February 2025

The article considers the problems of the development of unmanned aircraft systems in the Russian Federation, analyzes the demand for unmanned aerial vehicles in modern conditions. The assessment of the current state of design and production of brushless DC electric motors, which are the main component of propeller-driven groups of unmanned aerial vehicles of airplane and multirotor type, is given. The correlation of the required thrust of propeller-driven groups and operating modes (application scenarios) of multirotor unmanned aerial vehicles has been carried out. It is shown that in order to achieve maximum energy efficiency of propeller groups in electric power plants, it is necessary to coordinate the parameters and characteristics of the propeller and the electric motor. The parameters of the propeller that affect the energy consumption of the propeller group (diameter, pitch, number of blades, profile and shape of the blades, relative tread of the propeller) are determined. It is shown that static thrust can be studied to assess the energy consumption of a propeller group. An experimental assessment of the degree of influence of the propeller parameters on energy efficiency has been carried out. A significant influence of the diameter and number of propeller blades on the energy consumption of the propeller group has been revealed.
DEVELOPMENT OF THE INTERFACE OF THE INFORMATION PORTRAIT OF THE SINGLE-LINE DIAGRAM OF THE ELECTRIC SUPPLY OF THE WORKSHOP OF AN INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISE
Authors: Sokolov Vladislav
Published: February 2025

The article examines the possibility of automated generation of working documentation when designing a power supply system using the Compass software product and the Delphi programming environment. The approach under consideration for the automated generation of drawings is based on a typical representation of a single-line power supply diagram, which includes a shop substation with power transformers that reduce the input voltage to the level required to power the process equipment and a branched network of shop cables with equipment connection panels. The Delphi programming environment allows you to establish control over the functioning of software packages through the use of OLE technologies (object linking and embedding). In Delphi, an interface is created for step-by-step execution of a scenario, which is implemented in the graphical environment of "Compass".
Musical characteristics of Eliza Doolittle in the musical “My Fair Lady” by A. J. Lerner and F. Loewe and its vocal interpretation
Authors: Semeniuk Oksana
Published: February 2025

Statement of the problem. Due to the variety of singing techniques offered by the musical, including the transition from spoken to vocal intonation, it is a fruitful material for vocal interpretation, which allows the theater actor to expand the genre field of the repertoire and acquire new skills. However, the study of performance specifics of musicals is still an underdeveloped area of modern musicology. Recent research and publications, devoted to “My Fair Lady” concentrate on the “non-musical” aspects of the work – linguistic, social (Thern, 2018), and even pedagogical, which evaluates the teaching methods by Professor Henry Higgins (Ray, 2016). A separate object of scientific research is the stage interpretation of musicals. D. McHugh (2012: 170–190) examines Broadway and London productions for the period from 1958 to 2001 from the standpoint of faithfulness to the details of the original version and the identification of re-interpretation features. R. Tanaka (2024) examines the musical in the context of the repertoire of Japanese theaters, thereby touching on the issues of stage and partially vocal interpretation in a “translated” musical. However, the most of performance aspects, such as controversial issues of range (belonging to mezzo or soprano), vocal difficulties, are not disclosed in these works. The analysis of the structure of songs, their form, the relationship between music and text, and the circle of images deserves more attention. Objectives, methods, and novelty of the research. The purpose of the study is to reveal the features of the musical characteristics of Eliza Doolittle in the musical “My Fair Lady” by A. J. Lerner and F. Loewe and the specifics of the vocal interpretation of her character. For this, the analysis of the musical text with the reference to performance version of Marni Nixon is carried out that also supplemented by an assessment of the possibilities of using Eliza’s musical numbers in the repertoire of the solo singing class, which determines the novelty of the research results. The structural and functional, as well as the interpretative methods of the research were used. Research results and conclusion. The image of Eliza is characterized by ambiguity: it embodies various hypostases, “Eliza as a simple / vulgar girl” – “Eliza as a Lady”, and also undergoes a metamorphosis in the process of unfolding the drama of the musical. The performer-interpreter of Eliza’s vocal part should pay attention to work with phonetics (distortion), vocabulary (slang); vocal range (some of the numbers are suitable for mezzo, and some for soprano); hence, the transposition options are relevant; with intonation difficulties, transitions from speech intonation to vocal; also the need to diversify the same couplets arises. Performance of individual numbers in the class of solo singing requires adaptation of the musical text (exclusion of cues from other characters and instrumental episodes).