bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Actual Preoperative Fasting Time; A Report From Guilan Academic Hospitals: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Naderi Nabi Bahram , Haddadi Soudabeh , Farzi Farnoush , Ghazanfar Tehran Samaneh , Biazar Gelareh , Chaibakhsh Yasmin , Atrkarroushan Zahra , Habibi Mohammad Reza , Khatami Seyed Sepehr
Published: July 2023

Objectives: Traditional guidelines for preoperative fasting (POF) time lead to several complications in surgery patients. However, not enough attention has been paid to the issue. This aimed of this study was to investigate the management of fasting times in Guilan academic hospitals. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, individuals from five academic referral centers enrolled the survey and questionnaires including demographic characteristics, fasting hours for liquids and solids, POF recommenders, and patient’s knowledge regarding the definition of clear liquids were completed. Results: A total of 390 individuals candidate for elective surgeries enrolled in the study, the mean age of our cases were 46.61 years. The average POF time for solids and liquids was 11.43 and 9.70 hours, respectively. 95.38% of the participants did not know a correct definition of clear liquids, which was not related to their level of education (P=0.314). A positive association was observed between age and POF times for liquids and American Society of Anesthesiologists Classification for both solids (P=0.010) and liquids (P=0.0001). Conclusions: It was found that the real POF time in our hospitals was significantly longer than the modern guidelines, and needs to be corrected.
Does Endometrial Compaction Predict Clinical Pregnancy Rate after Cleavage Stage Frozen Embryo Transfer?
Authors: Naghi Jafarabadi Mina , Ahmadi Dastjerdi Maedeh , Hossein Rashidi Batool , Shariat Mamak , Haghollahi Fedyeh
Published: July 2023

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the relationships between endometrial compaction and pregnancy outcome in patients receiving artificial endometrial preparation for frozen embryo transfer (FET) cycles. Materials and Methods: This prospective cohort study was performed in a university-affiliated fertility clinic from March 2020 to March 2021. The eligible women undergoing their first or second FET cycle and having the top grading cleavage stage embryos were enrolled. All patients received the same endometrial preparation regime. The alteration in endometrial thickness (EMT) between the day of progesterone initiation and the day of embryo transfer (ET) was measured using consecutive transvaginal sonography. The patients were divided into three groups based on the percentage of endometrial compaction (i.e., the difference of EMT at end of the estrogen-only phase and after three days of progesterone administration (ET day) divided by the EMT on the terminal day of the estrogen-only exposure). Results: Overall, 300 eligible women were evaluated and only 27.3% (82/300) of the studied cycles showed ≥5% compaction, whereas 72.6% (218/300) either expanded or showed minimal compaction. The clinical and ongoing pregnancy rates in group 2 (any expansion) were significantly higher than those in groups 1 and 3 (P=0.002 and P=0.01, respectively). Multivariable logistic regression test indicated that the cycles with any expansion in ET were independently associated with 3.1 times improvement in clinical pregnancy rate in comparison to those with any compaction (P=0.002). Conclusion: Gross endometrial compaction occurred in one-third of FET cycles with no significant positive effect on pregnancy outcomes after cleavage-stage ET.
Ensuring Global Health Equity in a Post-pandemic Economy: Words Count! Comment on "Ensuring Global Health Equity in a Post-pandemic Economy"
Authors: Meurs Mariska , Koutsoumpa Myria , Huisman Valeria
Published: July 2023

The authors wholeheartedly agree with Labonté: global health equity needs radical changes in economic thinking and policies, including degrowth and reducing consumption in parts of the world. But to mobilize sufficient people for radical change, reducing overconsumption and for degrowth, we may need to stop calling it that. Language is important and using the same frames and words as our opponents do can be counterproductive. Global health advocates need to be strategic about framing, use hope-based communication and develop attractive and convincing narratives. By doing so, hopefully we can bring these messages across to larger groups of people and increase the push for social change.
Why Should Health Researchers Use Policy Theories? Comment on "Modelling the Health Policy Process: One Size Fits All or Horses for Courses?"
Authors: Cairney Paul
Published: July 2023

Powell and Mannion suggest that ‘health policy process’ research should draw more lessons from ‘the wider policy process literature.’ While health research could continue with sector specific models, the wider literature is ‘conceptually stronger.’ In that context, I clarify how and why health researchers should use policy theories. I describe a review of the use of policy theories in public health research to show that many researchers use them to not only understand policy-making but also influence policy and policy-making. Most policy theories are not designed for that purpose, but it is still possible to produce practical lessons. I outline the issues that arise when repurposing theory-informed insights, such as that policy change takes a long time, and the scale of policy-making is potentially overwhelming. I then highlight the valuable role of theories in raising dilemmas in relation to modes of governance and evidence production.
Renal endocrine aspects of exercise-induced acute kidney injury (gym nephropathy)
Authors: Moonesan Mohammad Reza
Published: July 2023

The important renal endocrine aspect implicated in gym nephropathy is the activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). Intense exercise can lead to increased sympathetic nervous system activity, resulting in the release of renin from the juxtaglomerular cells in the kidneys. Renin acts on angiotensinogen, leading to the generation of angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor. Angiotensin II stimulates the secretion of aldosterone from the adrenal glands, which promotes sodium reabsorption and potassium excretion in the kidneys. The persistent activation of the RAAS in gym nephropathy may contribute to renal damage by causing vasoconstriction and promoting renal inflammation.
Muscle-kidney crosstalk; the role of myokines
Authors: Moonesan Mohammad Reza
Published: July 2023

Muscle-kidney crosstalk refers to the communication and interaction between skeletal muscle tissue and the kidneys. One important aspect of this crosstalk is the role of myokines. Myokines are a class of bioactive molecules that are released by contracting skeletal muscles. They act as signaling molecules that can mediate communication between muscle tissue and various target organs, including the kidneys. Myokines are involved in regulating various physiological processes and have been shown to have both local and systemic effects.
Strategies for Knowledge Sharing Among Rice Farmers: A Ghanaian Perspective
Authors: Kommey Randy , Fombad Madeleine
Published: July 2023

Purpose: This article investigates knowledge sharing practices amongst rice farmers in Ghana and suggests a strategy for improving knowledge sharing in rice farming communities in Ghana. Design/methodology/approach: This study is underpinned by the pragmatic paradigm where concurrent triangulation mixed-method design was used for the study. Data was gathered with survey and interviews. A total sample of 110 was used, involving 101 survey respondents and 9 interview participants. The survey data was analyse descriptively using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), version 26. The interview finding was analysed using thematic analysis. The findings revealed informal knowledge sharing practices among the rice farmers and suggests a strategy for knowledge sharing that involve partnerships between stakeholders in different sectors, such as government agencies, rice-farming communities; rice production-based NGOs, and researchers. Successful implementation of knowledge sharing would depend on finding and connecting the tools, technologies, and techniques practices. Limitations: The results could not be generalised to knowledge sharing practices among rice framers in Ghana because only three regions were targeted. There is a need for a quantitative comparative study of knowledge sharing by rice farmers in all regions where rice is produced in Ghana. Practical Implications: Rice is an agricultural cereal crop in Ghana and an important source of livelihood for rural poor households. It is consumed and cultivated by many people in the country. When rice farmers engage in efficient knowledge sharing practises knowledge will spread easily among rice farming communities resulting in sustainable agricultural practices that may eradicate hunger and poverty Effective knowledge sharing, offers great potential for addressing the challenges of rice production in Ghana.  It will increase rice production, improve the quality of rice yield and safeguard the quality of the natural environment simultaneous. Originality/Value: This article adds to the body of knowledge on knowledge sharing from an agricultural perspective with specific reference to rice farming. Effective knowledge sharing will enhance food security, alleviate climate change challenges, improve nutrition, and promote sustainable agriculture, thus contributing toward the realisation of Goal 2 of the United Nations 2030 Sustainable Development Goals. The findings of this article form part of the finding of the doctoral studies.
Effectiveness Of Floor Cleaning And Wall Cleaning On Growth Of Pathogen Germs In The Current Room Of Dr. Kariadi Hospital, Semarang
Authors: Yunitasari Linawati Neny , Sulistyowati Elyana Sri , Wahyuningtyas Hadiharti
Published: July 2023

Surface swab examination is carried out to evaluate the cleaning that has been carried out both in detecting the presence of germs in the environment and also for checking the count of germ colonies on the floor surface. The results of the preliminary study by looking at the results of floor swab measurements after general cleaning, especially floor cleaning, obtained data from March - May 2022, 113 outpatient rooms, inpatient and operating rooms and found results that did not meet the quality standards for floor swabs, there were 33 rooms, namely operating room, central nutrition, delivery room, baby room, cardiac catheterization room, mortuary, Rajawali pharmacy, CSSD room, PBRT room, Garuda room, Kepodang and registration room. The aim is to determine the effectiveness of cleaning floors and walls against the growth of pathogenic germs in the Heart Installation. Quantitative research method which is descriptive analytic, test analysis using paired t-test and Wilcoxon. Results: there is no significant difference between cleaning the floor on the growth of pathogenic germs in Pre-post General Cleaning, namely 0.678. Floor Cleaning First-Second 3.5 Hours is 0.259. Keywords: pathogenic germs; floor cleaning; wall cleaningEfektifitas Pembersihan Lantai Dan Pembersihan Dinding Terhadap Pertumbuhan Kuman Patogen Di Ruang Rawat RSUP Dr Kariadi SemarangABSTRAK Pemeriksaan swab permukaan dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi pembersihan yang telah dilakukan baik dalam mendeteksi keberadaan kuman yang ada dilingkungan dan dilakukan juga pemeriksaan hitung koloni kuman permukaan lantai. Hasil studi pendahuluan dengan melihat hasil pengukuran swab lantai setelah dilakukan general cleaning khususnya pembersihan lantai didapatkan data pada bulan Maret - Mei 2022, 113 ruang rawat jalan, rawat inap dan kamar operasi dan ditemukan hasil yang tidak memenuhi syarat baku mutu usap lantai ada 33 ruang yaitu kamar operasi, gizi sentral, ruang bersalin, kamar bayi, ruang keteterisasi jantung, kamar jenazah, farmasi Rajawali, ruang CSSD, ruang PBRT, ruang Garuda, Kepodang dan Ruang pendaftaran. Tujuan untuk mengetahui efektifitas pembersihan lantai dan dinding terhadap pertumbuhan kuman pathogen di Instalasi Jantung. Metode Penelitian kuantitatif yang bersifat deskriptif analitik, analisa uji menggunakan paired t-test dan wilcoxon. Hasil : tidak ada perbedaan signifikan antara pembersihan lantai terhadap pertumbuhan kuman pathogen pada Pre-post General Cleaninng yaitu 0,678. Pembersihan Lantai 3,5 Jam Pertama-Kedua yaitu 0,259. Kata kunci : kuman pathogen; pembersihan lantai; pembersihan dinding
The Role Of Clinic Instructors As Motivators With Student Readiness To Care For Covid-19 Patients
Authors: Tri Sulistiyowati Maria Agustina Ermi , Suryani Maria , Cornalia Johanita Ela , Sagala Agnes Cecila
Published: July 2023

The Covid-19 pandemic is still ongoing. When nursing students carry out clinical practice, they have the possibility to treat patients with Covid-19. Clinical supervisors as people closest to students have a role as a motivator to motivate students to be ready to treat Covid-19 patients. The aim is to find out the role of the clinical supervisor as a motivator with the readiness of students to treat Covid-19 patients. Analytical descriptive design, with a cross sectional approach. Population of nursing student Elisabeth College of Health Sciences Semarang. A sample of 170 people was taken by total sampling technique. The data was tested using the Kolmogorov Smirnov test. Most of the respondents (85.9%) rated the role of the clinical supervisor as a motivator in the good category and as many as 156 respondents (91.8%) had high readiness to treat Covid 19 patients. The Kolmogorov Smirnov test results obtained a p value of 1,000, there was no relationship the role of the supervisor as a motivator with readiness to care for Covid 19 patients. It is recommended that students remain vigilant and implement health protocols while carrying out clinical nursing practice Keywords: readiness to treat Covid-19 patients; motivator; clinical supervisor rolePeran Instruktur Klinik Sebagai Motivator Dengan Kesiapan Mahasiswa Untuk Perawatan Pasien Covid-19ABSTRAK  Pandemi Covid-19 sampai saat ini masih berlangsung. Pada saat mahasiswa keperawatan melaksanakan praktik klinik, mereka memiliki kemungkinan untuk merawat pasien dengan Covid-19. Pembimbing klinik sebagai orang yang terdekat dengan mahasiswa memiliki peran sebagai motivator untuk memotivasi mahasiswa agar siap merawat pasien covid-19. Tujuan untuk mengetahui peran pembimbing klinik sebagai motivator dengan kesiapan mahasiswa merawat pasien Covid-19. Desain  deskriptif analitik, dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi mahasiswa keperawatan Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Elisabeth Semarang. Sampel sebanyak 170 orang diambil dengan teknik total sampling. Data diuji menggunakan uji Kolmogorov Smirnov. Sebagian besar responden (85,9%)  menilai peran pembimbing klinik sebagai motivator dalam kategori baik dan sebanyak 156 responden (91,8%) memiliki kesiapan tinggi untuk merawat pasien Covid 19. Hasil uji Kolmogorov Smirnov didapatkan nilai p value 1,000, tidak ada hubungan peran pembimbing sebagai motivator dengan kesiapan merawat pasien Covid 19. Disarankan mahasiswa tetap waspada dan menerapkan protokol kesehatan selama menjalankan praktik klinik keperawatan Kata kunci : kesiapan merawat pasien Covid-19; motivator; peran pembimbing klinik
Pengaruh Budaya Pantangan Terhadap Perawatan Dan Kebutuhan Ibu Nifas Di Wilayah Mekarwangi Kota Bogor
Authors: Aulya Yenny , Siauta Jenny Anna , Munawaroh Nur Sarifah , Mutiariami D Febry
Published: July 2023

Untuk mengurangi angka kematian ibu dan bayi di Indonesia, penting untuk memberikan perhatian pada masa nifas. Karena masa nifas adalah masa kesulitan bagi ibu dan bayi, sangat penting untuk memberikan perawatan yang tepat. 60% kematian ibu terjadi setelah persalinan, dan 50% kematian pada masa nifas terjadi dalam 24 jam pertama. Banyak ibu nifas di Indonesia yang melakukan pantang makanan pada masa nifas, yang berarti mereka menghindari makanan laut, telur, sayur-sayuran, dan makanan pedas. Hasil penelitian awal yang melibatkan wawancara dengan empat ibu yang sedang hamil menunjukkan bahwa ada pantangan yang dilakukan selama kehamilan. Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk menentukan pengaruh budaya pantangan terhadap perawatan dan kebutuhan ibu nifas di daerah Mekarwangi, Bogor. Penelitian kualitatif ini melibatkan sepuluh ibu yang sedang mengandung selama waktu 7 hingga 40 har10 keluarga, 1 bidan dan 1 paraji. dengan mengambil sempel jenuh menggunakan teknik snowball sampling, dilaksanakan dari desember – februari. Data yang digunakan, yang dikumpulkan melalui metode wawancara, dianalisis melalui analisis konten.Sebagian besar masyarakat Mekarwangi Kota Bogor melakukan budaya pantang makan (makan buah, mie, roti, ikan, telur, dan bakso) dan perawatan nifas (urut, memakai gurita, dan minum jamu). Budaya pantang ini berdampak pada pengeluaran ASI dan penyembuhan luka jahitan.Simpulan: Perawatan masa nifas masyarakat, seperti urut, minum jamu, dan pakai gurita. Budaya pantang makan berdampak pada pengeluaran ASI dan penyembuhan luka jaitan. Budaya pantang makan juga melarang berbagai aktivitas, seperti makan buah, telur, ikan, mie, roti, dan bakso, serta nyanda dan tidur siang. Saran: Untuk memberikan data terbaru membantu meluruskan budaya pada masa nifas yang akan berdampak pada kesehatan. Kata Kunci : pantangan; budaya; perawatan dan kebutuhan nifas; postpartum
Rancang Bangun Aplikasi “PITC” untuk Meningkatkan Minat Ibu Hamil Melakukan Konseling dan Tes HIV
Authors: Ratnaningsih Ester , Maydianasari Lenna , Meliala Dyan Avando
Published: July 2023

ABSTRAKKasus HIV pada ibu hamil di Kabupaten Sleman pada tahun 2018 ditemukan sebanyak 23 kasus meningkat menjadi 75 kasus pada tahun 2019. Minimnya informasi serta pelayanan kesehatan yang kurang optimal menyebabkan kasus HIV/AIDS meningkat setiap tahun. Media promosi kesehatan diperlukan dengan tujuan untuk mempermudah penyampaian informasi dan pemahaman ibu hamil. Dunia saat ini sudah memasuki era 4.0 dimana terjadinya perkembangan teknologi yang semakin canggih berdampak kepada perkembangan media promosi kesehatan. Salah satunya adalah dengan menggunakan media aplikasi “PITC” berbasis android. Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk mengembangkan Aplikasi “PITC” Berbasis Android Sebagai Media Promosi Kesehatan Layanan  Provider  Initiated  Testing And Counseling Bagi Ibu Hamil. Metode penelitian research  and  development dengan  model pengembangan ADDIE dengan tahap analisis kebutuhan, perancangan konsep, dan pengembangan aplikasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah teknik analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian berdasarkan uji kelayakan media berdasarkan penilaian dari 2 ahli praktisi dengan persentase yaitu 86% dengan kategori sangat layak, dan uji kelayakan pengguna dengan persentase yaitu 80,5 % dengan kategori layak. Data Minat  Ibu Hamil melakukan Konseling  dan Tes HIV yang dilakukan pengguna (ibu hamil) sebesar 50%  ibu hamil mempunyai minat tinggi  untuk melakukan konseling dan tes HIV. Kata Kunci: aplikasi; PITC; minat ABSTRACT There were 23 cases of HIV among pregnant women in Sleman Regency in 2018, whic increased to 75 cases in 2019. The lack of information and sub-optimal health services has led to an increase in HIV/AIDS cases every year. Health promotion media are required with the aim of facilitating the delivery of information and understanding of pregnant women. The world has currently entered the industry 4.0 era wherein increasingly sophisticated technological developments have an impact on the development of health promotion media. One example of it is the use of Android-based "PITC" application.This study was intended to develop an Android-based "PITC" application as a health promotion medium for Provider Initiated Testing and Counseling service for pregnant women. The study was research and development method with the ADDIE development model with the stages of needs analysis, concept design, and application development. The data were analyzed using descriptive analysis technique. The results of the study based on the assessment of 2 expert practitioners, the media feasibility rate was 86% which can be involved in the very feasible category. Furthermore, the user feasibility rate was 80.5% which can be involved in the feasible category. Data regarding the Interest of Pregnant Women as users in HIV Counseling and Testing revealed that 50% of pregnant women had a high interest in HIV counseling and testing.Keywords: aplication; PITC; interest
Development of Glaze Compositions to Increase the Durability of Decorative Paints Used in Glazed Porcelain
Authors: Çamoğlu Aslı , Çelik Ali , Alaf Miraç
Published: July 2023

Colorful paint works are carried out to highlight the visuality of ornamental and tableware products, such as cups and plates. As these products come into contact with detergents, food products or grime, erosion and abrasion occur in paint and patterns over time. In this study, transparent glaze compositions that can be applied on patterned products have been developed in order to minimize wear and damage to the paint on ornamental and tableware products such as porcelain cups and plates. It is aimed to have a compatibility with the glaze layer and the porcelain body, to have high transparency and brightness. Different glaze compositions have been implemented to porcelain wares containing precious metallic paints. Then the glazed products were coducted to final firing between 870˚C-900˚C. Colours values of porcelain wares were determined with L-a-b spectrophotometer colours measurment devices and ΔE values was found to be lower than 0.50. Erosion and abrasion resistance were determined by staining test and washing test. According the results, the mass loss values are in the range of 2.7-3.4 mg (24h washing) and 7.9-8.3 mg (168 h washing). The morphology of the samples and the analysis of the phases formed during sintering were determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique and scanning electron miscroscopy (SEM and EDX). Quartz-SiO2 and Albite-Na (AlSi3O8) phases were observed in the structure of the glazes. The results showed that glaze compositions with high transparency and wear resistance can be obtained with only 30% frit content.
Knowledge and Attitudes towards Antibiotic Usage
Authors: Hejaz Hatem A.
Published: July 2023

Background: Antibiotic resistance is a global problem, and the World Health Organization (WHO) has made this problem one of its priorities for solving. Repeated and improper use of antibiotics is the main reason for the bacteria's resistance to the drugs.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge, and attitudes of Palestinians regarding antibiotic usage and awareness about resistance.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study that targeted Palestinians from different cities. We used an online questionnaire which distributed randomly for data collection. The questionnaire consists of 52 questions to measure the knowledge, attitudes, and awareness of antibiotic use and resistance. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25 was used to analyze the data collected.

Results: A total of 744 participated in the study and completed the questionnaire, and the majority of them (60.5 %; n= 450 out of 744) were from the Hebron Governorate. The major of the respondents also were females (n= 653, 87.8%) and their age between 20-35 years old (n= 498, 66.9%) with a bachelor degree (n= 502, 67.5%). The majority of them (75.5%, n= 560) think that antibiotics should be given only by prescription, and about half of the people (52%= n= 387) believe that antibiotics are not safe. Most participants relied on the physician for dispensing the antibiotic (60.1%, n= 455) but the same percentage of them use leftover antibiotics that have been used previously. Four hundred eighty-three (65%, n= 483) who completed the questionnaire heard about the antibiotic resistance term from medical staff, and their main primary sources of information about antibiotics and medicines were from health staff too (50%, n= 371), then internet (25%, n= 185). Some people (16%, n= 119) mentioned that pharmacists have a role in educating them and providing all the necessary information, or advice about the use of medicines and the dangers of medication misuse. Most of the participants obtained the antibiotics by prescription from a doctor (n= 339, 45.6%), then from the Pharmacist (n= 91, 12.2%), and 63 persons (8.5%) purchases them on their own. Quite a high number of participants (n= 348, 46.8%) stop taking antibiotics when they start feeling better. According to the results obtained, social media was the primary source of information regarding antibiotic resistance.

Conclusions: Higher education, younger age, gender, profession, and a high monthly income were associated significantly with good knowledge and a positive attitude toward antibiotic use. Educational interventions for appropriate antibiotic use are needed all the time and enforcing antibiotics regulations should be also considered to reduce antibiotic resistance.
Progress in the Design and Development of Phosphoinositide-3-Kinase (PI3Kα) Inhibitors
Authors: Sabbah Dima A.
Published: July 2023

Background: The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3Kα) has been spotlighted as a potential oncogene and therapeutic target for anticancer drug design.

Objective: Target compounds were designed employing ligand- and structure-based drug design approaches to address the effect of the compounds’ backbones and functionalities on their biological activity.

Methods: Synthesis of the targeted compounds, biological evaluation tests against human cancer cell lines, and molecular docking studies.

Results: Fortunately, 20 novel series of diverse scaffolds were prepared and characterized by means of FT-IR, 1H and 13C NMR, HRMS, and elemental analysis. In addition, the identity of one core nucleus was successfully interpreted with the aid of X-ray crystallography. Biological activity of prepared compounds was investigated in vitro against human cancer cell lines. Results that these compounds inhibit cell proliferation and induce apoptosis through an increase in caspase-3 activity and a decrease in DNA cellular content. Furthermore, ligand-based pharmacophore modeling showed that the newly synthesized analogues match PI3Kα inhibitors fingerprint and the molecular docking studies against PI3Kα revealed that the analogues fit PI3Kα kinase catalytic domain and form H-bonding with key binding residues.

Conclusion: The harvested series exhibited a potential PI3Kα inhibitory activity in human cancer cell lines.
Crosslinking of Water-Soluble Cyclodextrin with Hyaluronic Acid for Targeted Drug Delivery
Authors: Adaileh Fedaa
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Most of the cytotoxic anticancer drugs belong to substances with both low solubility in aqueous fluids and poor cellular uptake, which lead to lack of specific therapy with apparent side effects. Therefore, there is a need to develop a novel drug delivery that can remotely and selectively release their payload. Curcumin(CUR) is an antibiotic, also a powerful inhibitor of the proliferation of several tumor cells.

Aims: The aim of the present work is to highlight and discussed hyaluronic acid (HA ) to be grafted with Mono-6-deoxyl-6-ethylenediamino-γ-cyclodextrin (ɣ-CD-EDA) to shape a hydrogel that ought to structure inclusion complexes with curcumin, bettering its water-solubility and serving as a model drug delivery system

Methods: Distinct copolymers had been organized HA grafted with ɣ-cyclodextrin (ɣ-CD-EDA) to form a hydrogel with various HA: ɣ-CD-EDA ratios and characterized,

by means of 1H-NMR spectroscopy, zeta potential, Thermogravimetry analysis) TGA) Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Furthermore, drug loading Encapsulation efficiency (EE%), and release kinetics, and stability. Also, cytotoxicity and uptake were assessed by flow cytometry, MTT assay and confocal laser microscopy. Wound healing activity was once improved using three cell MDA-MB-231, MCF-7, and fibroblast. Measuring the effect of HA-γ-CD-EDA1-CUR, γ-CD-EDA1-CUR, and CUR free on the Production and Secretion of inflammatory cytokines

Result: CUR loading potential used to be at once correlated with extended HA-ɣ-CD-EDA composition and morphological adjustments have been discovered upon CUR binding. The host substances and their CUR inclusion complexes are no longer cytotoxic, and consequently beneficial for CUR and drug delivery. Moreover, HA-γ-CD-EDA1-CUR, γ-CD-EDA1-CUR, and CUR wound healing activity was once improved, and human promonocytic THP-1 cells produce inflammatory mediators such as IL-1β, IL10,IL8, TNF-α,IRAKI and IL6 results showed that the combination HA-γ-CD-EDA1-CUR could be suitable to reduce inflammation and the complex promoted the anti-inflammatory effect by the inhibition of inflammatory mediators.

Conclusion: HA grafted with ɣ-cyclodextrin (ɣ-CD-EDA) to form a hydrogel was designed, formulated, and full characterized. Nanoparticles were stable at physiological pH and have released payload. Encapsulation of CUR into polymer increased its selectivity, distribution, and accumulation into the cancer cells. HA-CD-EDA1conjugated curcumin if incorporated in suitable matrix has a potential utility for treatment of wound, and down regulation in THP-1 cells.
The Immunostimulatory Effect of Probiotic Conditioned Medium on RAW264.7 Murine Macrophages
Authors: Barakat Muna , Al-Najjar Mohammad AA , Abdulrazzaq Shaymaa , Talib Wamidh H. , Athamneh Tamara
Published: July 2023

Background: Probiotics are a mixture of good live bacteria and/or yeasts that naturally survive in our bodies. Recently, loads of studies have focused on their role in the immune system and digestive tract. Accordingly, there are many commercially available probiotic products in the market. This study examines the immunostimulatory effect of commercially available-probiotic conditioned medium (PCM) on RAW264.7 murine macrophages.

Methods: Probiotic conditioned medium has been prepared by culturing the commercially available probiotic in a cell culture medium overnight at 37°C, followed by centrifugation and filter-sterilization to be tested on RAW264.7 murine macrophages. The immunostimulatory effect of different ratios (50, 75, 100) of PCM was examined using MTT assay, pro-inflammatory cytokine (tumor necrosis factor TNF-alpha) production in macrophages., migration, and Phagocytosis assays.

Results: At all the examined PCM ratios, the percentages of cell viability were >80%. Regarding the migration scratch, TNF-alpha and phagocytosis assays, PCM demonstrated a concentration-dependent pattern in the immunostimulatory effect. However, the ratio of 100 PCM illustrated a significant (p-value<0.05) stimulatory effect compared to the positive and negative control.

Conclusion: The findings of this study confirm the stimulatory activity of probiotic conditioned medium, which may contribute directly to the immune-boosting effect of the probiotic supplements.
Implication of Nanotechnology for Pulmonary Delivery of Docetaxel
Authors: Abudayah Alaa Aziz Fraj
Published: July 2023

Docetaxel (Taxotere®) is a taxoid antineoplastic agent used in the treatment of various cancers. Docetaxel belongs to class IV drugs in the Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS), and their clinical use is limited due to their extreme hydrophobicity, low water solubility, low bioavailability, and high toxicity. This study aims to prepare nanoparticles for pulmonary delivery of Docetaxel with enhanced solubility and dissolution targeting pulmonary tissues. Accordingly, PLGA-Docetaxel nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared by nanoprecipitation method and coated with Carboxymethyl chitosan to investigate its effectiveness as inhaled anticancer therapy. Four formulations had been prepared to reach the highest loading capacity (LC%) and encapsulation efficiency (EE%) and to study the effect of the amount of Carboxymethyl chitosan on the drug release. The sizes, charges, homogeneity, surface morphology, LC% and EE% of the NPs were determined. The NPs were characterized using FTIR and XRD. In vitro release profiles of Docetaxel from PLGA NPs, at pH 5.5, 6.5, and 7.4 were determined. The sizes of the four formulations ranged between 227.7± 9.5 and 306.4 ± 27.4. All prepared formulations showed acceptable monodispersity with positive charges. The EE% was above 99% and the LC% ranged between 31-63%. The in vitro release of Docetaxel show an inverse relation to the amounts of Carboxymethyl chitosan used and the pH of the dissolution medium. In conclusion, coating PLGA NPs with Carboxymethyl chitosan may be used as a good carrier for pulmonary delivery of Docetaxel
Identifying factors associated with increased rate of mortality of COVID-19 patients among Jordanian population: A multicenter case-controlled retrospective study
Authors: Al-Qerem Walid , Safar Mohammad , Safar Ibrahim , Al-Ibadah Mahmood
Published: July 2023

Coronavirus 2019 (Covid-19) is a serious infectious disease that affects humans globally. Identifying factors that increase the prevalence of mortality are of interest for the healthcare providers. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate many risk factors and its association with mortality among COVID-19 patients.

A total of 353 patients enrolled in this multicentered case-controlled retrospective study that was conducted in two designated hospitals in Amman, Jordan on patients admitted between 25 October 2020 to 26 September 2021. According to a stepwise binary logistic regression analysis found that patients who took Meropenem (p<0.001) and beta blockers (p=0.004) had lower incidence to be discharge during hospitalization. Also, diabetic patients (p<0.001) had lower discharge rate. We concluded that patients with secondary bacterial infection during the course of hospitalization, patients who needed to take beta blockers and diabetic patients are at higher risk of mortality.
Effect of Surface Modification with Na Lauryl Sulfate on The Water-Uptake and Release Properties of Na Tripolyphosphate-Cross Linked Chitosan Beads
Authors: Alwahsh Wasan , Jaber Mai , Al Muhaissen Suha , Al-Khalidi Bashar A. , Sahudin Shariza , AlKhatib Hatim S.
Published: July 2023

In this study we evaluated the effect of Na Lauryl sulfate (SLS) on the water-uptake and release properties of Na Tripolyphosphate (TPP)-cross linked chitosan beads. Chitosan beads were prepared by dropping riboflavin-loaded, chitosan (CS) solution into a curing medium composed of either an aqueous solution of TPP, SLS or a combination of these solutes. The resultant beads were characterized in terms of their size, drug encapsulation efficiency, water uptake properties by gravimetry and image analysis. Drug release properties of the prepared beads were studied using USP Apparatus 1 in media with different pH and ionic strength. Composites (CS/TPP, CS/SLS, and CS/TPP/SLS) were also evaluated using DSC, FTIR and contact angle measurements. Encapsulation efficiency was found to be 93%, 93.2% and 93.1% for CS/TPP, CS/SLS, and CS/TPP/SLS beads respectively and did not show any dependence on the composition of the curing medium for riboflavin. FTIR data suggested the presence of electrostatic interactions between positively charged amine group of CS and the negatively charged TPP and SLS. Drug release from the prepared beads was prolonged with CS/SLS beads releasing the drug faster than CS/TPP beads. The slowest drug release was observed in the case of CS/TPP/SLS beads. Drug release from the different types of beads was pH-dependent with the fastest release observed in 0.1 N HCl. Gravimetric water uptake was highest for CS/SLS beads followed by CS/TPP and CS/TPP/SLS respectively. Swelling study using image analysis showed a similar trend to the gravimetric water uptake results. The drug release and water uptake results could be explained by the effect of SLS on the wettability of the beads and the ability of the release medium to hydrate them which was confirmed by the high contact angle between water and CS/TPP/SLS composites.
Paz y Derechos Humanos en Chile. A cincuenta años del derrocamiento de Allende
Authors: Carabantes Olivares Edgardo
Published: July 2023

A cincuenta años del golpe de Estado ocurrido en Chile en 1973, se preparan diversas conmemoraciones para recordar aquel doloroso y traumático hecho. Este ensayo se pregunta por el sentido de ellas, planteando algunos elementos de análisis en torno a lo que he venido llamando como Indemocracia chilena, esto es, las inadecuaciones del sistema político, social y cultural, que nos mantiene viviendo en un espacio que no es ni dictadura ni democracia, sino más bien una Hibridocracia, caracterizada por violencias muchas veces soterradas, una paz negativa y manipulación del ejercicio ciudadano. El artículo recoge además, la subjetividad de quien escribe, desde donde se propone algunas ideas para avanzar en la resistencia al modelo neoliberal chileno.
UNLOCKING THE POTENTIAL OF AGRICULTURE WASTE AS A SOIL AMENDMENT ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF SWEET CORN (Zea Mays.)
Authors: Mohd Rosli Noor Sharina , Abu Sari Norazlina , Othman Nur Maizatul Idayu
Published: July 2023

The decline in soil fertility of agricultural land and the abundance of agricultural wastes is a major problem in the environment. To overcome these problems, agricultural wastes have the potential to serve as a beneficial product that provides sustainable agriculture. The use of agricultural wastes as soil amendments is a sustainable practice in improving soil quality and plant productivity. Therefore, this study was carried out to evaluate the potential of agricultural wastes and agriculture wastes-derived biochars as soil amendments toward sweet corn (Zea Mays.) growth performance. The study was conducted in the greenhouse for 75 days. A randomized complete block design with four treatments (oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB), EFB biochar, decanter cake, corn cob and corn cob biochar) in combination with mineral soil and four replication was used during the study. Plant height, stem diameter, and number of leaves were assessed for each treatment. Results indicate that corn cob biochar significantly increased the sweet corn height and plant diameter by respectively 11.0% and 25.0% as compared to the control. An increase in the stem diameter by 10.0% due to the application of EFB was observed at 45 days compared to the other treatments. In conclusion, the agricultural waste which is corn cob biochar were observed to have the potential in enhancing the sweet corn (Zea Mays.) growth.
SUPPLY CHAIN INNOVATION BOLSTERED UP BY SUPPLY CHAIN MODEL
Authors: Abdul Rasib Nur Fathin Nadira
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this study was to examine the level and relationship between supply chain management practices (SCMP), competitive advantage (CA), and supply chain innovation (SCI) among manufacturing firms in Malaysia. Giri and Bardhan (2015) found out that supply chain process becomes inefficient and lack business strategies has affect the operation which led to poor profitability. That’s why manufacturing supply chain needs to innovate constantly for maintaining their position in the marketplace and to fight uncertainties. Hence firms are focusing on strategies for developing innovation within and across its manufacturing supply chain. In line with following objectives, this study employed a quantitative research approach that utilized stratified sampling technique and self-administered questionnaire survey. The respondents for this survey were the senior managers (top management) in operations management from manufacturing firms in Malaysia. Subsequently, the survey data have been utilized to test the research framework and hypothesis. The results of the study are useful for supply chain practitioners and manufacturers in integrating the right SCMPs and competitive advantage on improving SCI. Furthermore, industrial practitioners also receive insight on how to take account of the mediating effect of competitive advantage in designing their supply chain innovation for better manufacturing performance. In fact, organizations are not certain of what to implement, due to a lack of understanding of what constitute a comprehensive set of SCMPs. There was far too little knowledge available on the role of competitive advantage in mediating the effect between SCMPs and supply chain innovation. As such, this paper is one of the first to address the mediating effect of competitive advantage between SCMPs and supply chain innovation. Also, the results have suggested successful dimensions of SCMPs that could be implemented in order to obtain competitive advantage and foster supply chain innovation in manufacturing industry in Malaysia.
STUDENTS’ PERCEPTION OF THE USE OF ONLINE MODE TO LEARN ENGLISH ORAL COMMUNICATION SKILLS DURING COVID-19 PERIOD
Authors: Sapan Nur Shafiekah , Loi Chek Kim
Published: July 2023

The Covid-19 outbreak in March 2020 forced the world to immediately change how we live, including how classes are conducted. All educational institutions must close their doors to prevent the spread of the Covid-19 virus. Teachers and students are ordered to remain at home, and the normal learning environment has to shift online. Albeit the current generations of students are no strangers to the technology used in the classroom, however, to attend a class entirely conducted online is a new situation for them. Thus, this paper aims to study students’ perceptions of using online modes in the teaching and learning process of oral communication in English. Fifty-three low-proficiency students who took Oral Communication in English at Universiti Malaysia Sabah participated in the study. A mixed-method research design was applied to the study. An open-ended questionnaire was administered to the students to elicit their perceptions on the issue. The quantitative data revealed a positive impression from the participants on teaching oral communication skills online [n=46 (87%)]. The qualitative data show that (i) interactive mode, (ii) accessibility of materials, and (iii) ability to interact with the teachers and peers without feeling shy are among the reasons why online learning is favoured.
VOCABULARY JOURNAL: A VOYAGE TO SUCCESSFUL WRITING PERFORMANCE
Authors: Ting Pick Dew
Published: July 2023

The importance of vocabulary competency has been long established as it serves as a crucial element in learning English as a second language. It is however more prominent in writing as the breadth and depth of students’ vocabulary are reflected in the general quality of their writing. By utilising Stufflebeam’s (2003) Product Evaluation model, this paper reports the impacts of the study on keeping vocabulary journal towards 71 students’ writing performance at one of the secondary schools in Sabah. It evaluated their attitudes towards keeping vocabulary journal, identified positive, negative, intended and unintended outcomes of keeping vocabulary journal and aimed to find out whether there is any difference in the students’ writing scores prior to and after keeping vocabulary journal. A mixed-method was employed into the study. Self-reported survey and class discussion were employed in the qualitative approach, whereas the quantitative part of this study involved only the writing scores from the results of pre-test and post-test. The results indicated positive students’ attitudes towards vocabulary journal. It also highlighted four outcomes of the study; positive and negative outcomes, as well as intended and unintended outcomes. Although the pre-test and post-test writing scores were insignificant enough to make any difference, the introduction of vocabulary journal into writing classroom has surely made an impact on the students. This study added empirical support onto the claims on the benefits of vocabulary journals.
ISLAM IN THE MALAY HISTORY AND CULTURE: ITS IMPACTS ON THE MALAY CULTURE, LANGUAGE & LITERATURE
Authors: Haji Yahya Zikri Solihah , Ismail Khalid , Hashim Nadiyah , Ahmad Aziani
Published: July 2023

The origin of Malay language, culture and literature often being debated due to different reasons and interests. Some argued there are similarities between the Malay’s practices, words and literature influences to the Hindus as well as Buddhists while some strongly refuted, saying that all aspect are solely influenced by Islamic traits. This research was carried out to prove that Islamization serves as the key factor in the Malay society’s transformation particularly in terms of language, literature and culture. It is in accordance with a Western Philosopher’s ideology, "a revolution from within" which stated that the Malay’s strength was not attributed to its race, culture and literature, but it is because of Islam. The research methodology used encompasses the literature review and analysis of information obtained from previous studies. The data findings revealed that there were indeed Hinduism and Buddhism in the Malay Peninsula particularly and the Malay Archipelago however the arrival of Islam has resulted in numerous changes in the traditional Malay society. The religion introduced a new system of law and values, thus resulting in a significant transformation in the Malay worldview. Perhaps the most noticeable change it caused was the emergence and development of the Malay language and literature. Islam's arrival has also led to other cultural shifts in the Malay Archipelago from various aspects, for instance the learning development that was mostly driven by the introduction of the religion's holy scripture known as Quran which was written in the Arabic language. Following Islamization, the Malay society learned recitation of the Quran to enable them to perform prayers and other religious rituals. Conversion to Islam involving all Malays in the Malay peninsula occurred without disrupting the harmony among the societies. In the political aspect, Islamization has brought about a new system of law and government.
contribuição das auditorias operacionais para o controle externo das políticas públicas
Authors: Baldo Rafael Antônio
Published: July 2023

O artigo examina o controle da atividade performativa do Estado, como mecanismo democrático para a promoção equilibrada dos direitos fundamentais e sociais, ressaltando a contribuição das auditorias operacionais para o controle externo das políticas públicas. Baseado no método dedutivo e na pesquisa bibliográfica, o artigo defende que a efetividade dos diretos fundamentais exige a reaproximação entre sollen e sein, harmonizando as condicionantes axiológicas impostas pelo procedimentalismo e pelo substancialismo, principalmente em tempos de abertura do Estado para as pressões do Mercado e da Sociedade. Dada a complexidade e a dinamicidade do mundo contemporâneo, a atividade performativa do Estado voltou-se para as políticas públicas e para as novas técnicas de gestão pública, destacando a importância do controle material de resultados. Diante das discussões em torno do controle judicial das políticas públicas, em virtude do déficit democrático do Poder Judiciário, dos limites decorrentes da Separação dos Poderes e das dificuldades na promoção da “macrojustiça”, a análise institucional comparada revela as potencialidades dos Tribunais de Contas no controle das políticas públicas e na promoção dos direitos fundamentais e sociais, tendo em vista a evolução do controle externo a partir das auditorias operacionais.