bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Automated Brain Tumour Detection and Classification using Deep Features and
Bayesian Optimised Classifiers
Authors: Kumar S. Arun , Sasikala S.
Published: April 2023

Purpose:

Brain tumour detection and classification require trained radiologists for efficient diagnosis. The proposed work aims to build a Computer Aided Diagnosis (CAD) tool to automate brain tumour detection using Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL) techniques.

Materials and Methods:

Magnetic Resonance Image (MRI) collected from the publicly available Kaggle dataset is used for brain tumour detection and classification. Deep features extracted from the global pooling layer of Pretrained Resnet18 network are classified using 3 different ML Classifiers, such as Support vector Machine (SVM), K-Nearest Neighbour (KNN), and Decision Tree (DT). The above classifiers are further hyperparameter optimised using Bayesian Algorithm (BA) to enhance the performance. Fusion of features extracted from shallow and deep layers of the pretrained Resnet18 network followed by BA-optimised ML classifiers is further used to enhance the detection and classification performance. The confusion matrix derived from the classifier model is used to evaluate the system's performance. Evaluation metrics, such as accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, precision, F1 score, Balance Classification Rate (BCR), Mathews Correlation Coefficient (MCC) and Kappa Coefficient (Kp), are calculated.

Results:

Maximum accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, precision, F1 score, BCR, MCC, and Kp of 99.11 %, 98.99 %, 99.22 %, 99.09 %, 99.09 %, 99.10 %, 98.21 %, 98.21 %, respectively, were obtained for detection using fusion of shallow and deep features of Resnet18 pretrained network classified by BA optimized SVM classifier. Feature fusion performs better for classification task with accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, precision, F1 score, BCR, MCC and Kp of 97.31 %, 97.30 %, 98.65 %, 97.37 %, 97.34 %, 97.97%, 95.99 %, 93.95 %, respectively.

Conclusion:

The proposed brain tumour detection and classification framework using deep feature extraction from Resnet 18 pretrained network in conjunction with feature fusion and optimised ML classifiers can improve the system performance. Henceforth, the proposed work can be used as an assistive tool to aid the radiologist in automated brain tumour analysis and treatment.
Comparison between Conventional Breath-hold and Respiratory-triggered
Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography with and without Compressed
Sensing: Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Kim Younguk , Lee Eun Sun , Park Hyun Jeong , Park Sung Bin , Kuehn Bernd , Sung Jae Kon , Lim Yaeji , Kim Changwoo
Published: April 2023

Introduction:

To compare the image quality of breath-hold (BH) and respiratory-triggered (RT) 3D-MRCP with or without CS application in the same study population.

Aim:

The application of compressed sensing (CS) has enabled breath-hold 3D-MRCP with a shorter acquisition time in clinical practice.

Methods:

In this retrospective study, from February to July 2020, a total of 98 consecutive patients underwent four different acquisition types of 3D-MRCP.; 1) BH MRCP with the generalized autocalibrating partially parallel acquisition (GRAPPA) (BH-GRAPPA), 2) RT-GRAPPA-MRCP, 3) RT-CS-MRCP and 4) BH-CS-MRCP. Relative contrast of common bile duct, 5-scale visibility score of biliary pancreatic ducts, 3-scale artifact score and 5-scale overall image quality score were evaluated by two abdominal radiologists.

Results:

Relative contrast value was significantly higher in BH-CS or RT-CS than in RT-GRAPPA (0.90 ± 0.057 and 0.89 ± 0.079, respectively, vs. 0.82 ± 0.071, p < 0.01) or BH-GRAPPA (vs. 0.77 ± 0.080, p < 0.01). The area affected by artifact was significantly lower in BH-CS among 4 MRCPs (p < 0.08). Overall image quality score in BH-CS was significantly higher than BH-GRAPPA (3.40 vs. 2.71, p < 0.01). There were no significant differences between RT-GRAPPA and BH-CS (vs. 3.13, p = 0.67) in overall image quality.

Conclusion:

In this study, our results revealed BH-CS had higher relative contrast and comparable or superior image quality among four MRCP sequences.
Concurrent Diffuse Dural and Leptomeningeal Enhancements in Brain
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Following a Mild COVID-19 Infection: A Novel
Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Bawand Rashed , Ghiasian Masoud , Samadyan Mustapha
Published: April 2023

Introduction:

During the COVID-19 pandemic, various complications have been reported in patients with this infection worldwide, including a wide range of neurological disorders. In this study, we have reported a novel neurological complication in a 46-years-old woman who was referred due to a headache following a mild COVID-19 infection. Also, we have had a quick review of previous reports of dural and leptomeningeal involvements in COVID-19 patients.

Case Report:

The patient's headache was persistent, global, and compressive with radiation to the eyes. The severity of the headache was increased during the disease course and was exacerbated by walking, coughing, and sneezing but decreased with rest. The high severity of the headache disrupted the patient’s sleep. Neurological examinations were completely normal, and laboratory tests did not have abnormal findings except for an inflammatory pattern. Finally, in the brain MRI, a concurrent diffuse dural enhancement and leptomeningeal involvement were observed, which is a new finding in COVID-19 patients and has not been reported so far. The patient was hospitalized and treated with Methylprednisolone pulses. After completing the therapeutic course, she was discharged from the hospital in good condition and with an improved headache. A repeated brain MRI was requested 2 months after discharge, which was completely normal and showed no evidence of dural and leptomeningeal involvements.

Conclusion:

Inflammatory complications of the central nervous system caused by COVID-19 can occur in different forms and types, and clinicians should consider them.
Insight on Structural Modification, Cytotoxic or Anti-Proliferative
Activity, Structure-Activity Relationship of Berberine Derivatives
Authors: Yin Mengxuan , Mou Jiajia , Sun Lili , Deng Yanru , Ren Xiaoliang
Published: April 2023

:

Berberine (BBR) is a quaternary ammonium alkaloid isolated from the Traditional Chinese
Medicine Coptis chinensis. It possesses a plethora of pharmacological activities because its
unique structure properties make it readily interact with macromolecules through π-π stacking and
electrostatic interaction. Its anti-tumor effects are receiving more and more attention in recent years.
Cytotoxicity and anti-proliferation are the important anti-tumor modes of BBR, which have been
studied by many research groups.

:

This study aims to review the structural modifications of BBR and its cytotoxic derivatives. Also, to
study the corresponding structure-activity relationship. BBR showed potential activities toward tumor
cells, however, its modest activity and poor physicochemical properties hindered its application
in clinical. Structural modification is a common and effective approach to improve BBR's cytotoxic
or anti-proliferative activities.

:

The structural modifications of BBR, the cytotoxic or anti-proliferative activities of its derivatives,
and the corresponding structure-activity relationship (SAR) were summarized in the review.

:

The concluded SAR of BBR derivatives with their cytotoxic or anti-proliferative activities will provide
great prospects for the future anti-tumor drug design with BBR as the lead compound.
Enzymatic Activity of Glucose Oxidase on Mesoporous TiO2:Mn Surfaces
Authors: Bousiakou Leda G. , Dobson Peter J. , Aldossary Omar M.
Published: April 2023

Introduction:

It is well known, that titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles can lead
to the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) upon photoexcitation.

Method:

In this work, we investigated mesoporous surfaces based on TiO2 nanoparticles
doped with 0.6-0.7% manganese (Mn), which showed reduced photoactivity and were based
on the more stable rutile polymorph of titania.

Result:

In particular, we showed spectrophotometrically that the enzyme glucose oxidase
(GOD) can be successfully adsorbed up to 80% while retaining its bioactivity in contact with
the TiO2:Mn-based surface.

Conclusion:

We propose that this study could potentially give rise to biocompatible surfaces
for biosensing applications.
A Review of the Most Important Antiparasitic Compounds Effective on
Human Fascioliasis from the Past Until Now
Authors: Garedaghi Yagoob , Firouzivand Yaghoub , Khanmiri Hamidreza Hassanzadeh , Shabestari Asl Ali
Published: April 2023

Background:

Fascioliasis is a worldwide parasitic infection caused by a food-borne trematode
called Fasciola, and Fasciola infection has been reported in more than 80 countries. Recently, the
WHO has presented a roadmap for overlooked diseases from 2021 to 2030, which aims to increase
the prevention and control of overlooked different diseases such as Fascioliasis.

Methods:

Our main objective was to conduct a systematic review aiming to summarize recent
knowledge on the antiparasitic compounds against human fascioliasis. A keyword search was performed
in PubMed, Web of Science, to gather relevant literature published between the 17th of April
1992 and the 23rd October 2022. A total of 329 records were initially retrieved, with 28 full-text articles
retained for the qualitative synthesis.

Results:

Up to now, various antiparasitic drugs have been used to treat human fascioliasis, the most
important of which are: Triclabendazole, Albendazole and Bithionol, Praziquantel, Emetine and Dehydroemetine,
Mebendazole in combination with Metronidazole and Nitazoxanide, Chloroquine,
Hexylresorcinol. From the past to the present, natural herbal medicines have traditionally been used in
most countries to treat various parasitic diseases in humans and animals so that these are known as active
anthelmintic phytochemicals such as Artemisinin, Mirazid, Plumbagin, Lycium chinense.

Conclusion:

Although Triclabendazole is an effective and useful drug of choice for the treatment of
human fascioliasis, but due to the gradual resistance of fasciolas to Triclabendazole, further research is
needed to find new drugs. Despite many advances in antiparasitic compounds used against human
fascioliasis, a number of integrated control measures should be implemented as strong management
strategies for fascioliasis.
A Skin Cancer Detector Based on Transfer Learning and Feature Fusion
Authors: Cai Hongguo , Brinti Hussin Norriza , Lan Huihong , Li Hong
Published: April 2023

Background:

With the rapid development of advanced artificial intelligence technologies which have been applied in varying types of applications, especially in the medical field. Cancer is one of the biggest problems in medical sciences. If cancer can be detected and treated early, the possibility of a cure will be greatly increased. Malignant skin cancer is one of the cancers with the highest mortality rate, which cannot be diagnosed in time only through doctors’ experience. We can employ artificial intelligence algorithms to detect skin cancer at an early stage, for example, patients are determined whether suffering from skin cancer by detecting skin damage or spots.

Objective:

We use the real HAM10000 image dataset to analyze and predict skin cancer.

Methods:

(1) We introduce a lightweight attention module to discover the relationships between features, and we fine-tune the pre-trained model (i.e., ResNet-50) on the HAM10000 dataset to extract the hidden high-level features from the images; (2) we integrate these high-level features with generic statistical features, and use the SMOTE oversampling technique to augment samples from the minority classes; and (3) we input the augmented samples into the XGBoost model for training and predicting.

Results:

The experimental results show that the accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of the proposed SkinDet (Skin cancer detector based on transfer learning and feature fusion) model reached 98.24%, 97.84%, and 98.13%. The proposed model has stronger classification capability for the minority classes, such as dermato fibroma and actinic keratoses.

Conclusion:

SkinDet contains a lightweight attention module and can extract the hidden high-level features of the images by fine-tuning the pretrained model on the skin cancer dataset. In particular, SkinDet integrates high-level features with statistical features and augments samples of these minority classes. Importantly, SkinDet can be applied to classify the samples into minority classes.
Cryptosporidiosis in India and the World: A Review
Authors: Sharma Kirtika , Srivastava Saumya , Tak Vibhor
Published: April 2023

Cryptosporidiosis is caused by infection with a coccidian parasite belonging to the genus
Cryptosporidium. Initially, human cryptosporidiosis was believed to be caused only by one species, but
since the advent of molecular studies, 15 more species have been discovered to cause this infection.
Among them, Cryptosporidium hominis and Cryptosporidium parvum are the most common species
involved. This mainly affects children and causes diarrhea in most cases. It is mainly diagnosed by
microscopy, especially in low-middle-income countries. This review covers the epidemiology, life
cycle, risk factors, clinical manifestations, different diagnostic methods and treatment of this disease.
The Impact of ROS and NGF in the Gliomagenesis and their Emerging
Implications in the Glioma Treatment
Authors: Fanfarillo Francesca , Ferraguti Giampiero , Lucarelli Marco , Francati Silvia , Barbato Christian , Minni Antonio , Ceccanti Mauro , Tarani Luigi , Petrella Carla , Fiore Marco
Published: April 2023

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are highly reactive molecules derived from molecular oxygen
(O2). ROS sources can be endogenous, such as cellular organelles and inflammatory cells, or exogenous,
such as ionizing radiation, alcohol, food, tobacco, chemotherapeutical agents and infectious
agents. Oxidative stress results in damage of several cellular structures (lipids, proteins, lipoproteins,
and DNA) and is implicated in various disease states such as atherosclerosis, diabetes, cancer, neurodegeneration,
and aging. A large body of studies showed that ROS plays an important role in carcinogenesis.
Indeed, increased production of ROS causes accumulation in DNA damage leading to tumorigenesis.
Various investigations demonstrated the involvement of ROS in gliomagenesis. The most
common type of primary intracranial tumor in adults is represented by glioma. Furthermore, there is
growing attention on the role of the Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) in brain tumor pathogenesis. NGF is
a growth factor belonging to the family of neurotrophins. It is involved in neuronal differentiation,
proliferation and survival. Studies were conducted to investigate NGF pathogenesis's role as a pro- or
anti-tumoral factor in brain tumors. It has been observed that NGF can induce both differentiation and
proliferation in cells. The involvement of NGF in the pathogenesis of brain tumors leads to the hypothesis
of a possible implication of NGF in new therapeutic strategies. Recent studies have focused on the role of
neurotrophin receptors as potential targets in glioma therapy. This review provides an updated overview
of the role of ROS and NGF in gliomagenesis and their emerging role in glioma treatment.
G Protein-coupled Receptors (GPCRs) as Potential Therapeutics for Psychiatric Disorders
Authors: Sharaf Sharaf E.
Published: April 2023

In the central nervous system (CNS), G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the most common targets of neuropharmacological drugs. GPCRs are activated by various neurotransmitters, which results in slow synaptic transmission. Recently, remarkable progress has been achieved in identifying genes and signaling pathways linked to the risk of psychiatric disorders. Even though the biological mechanisms governing psychiatric disorders, such as mood disorders and schizophrenia, are uncertain, GPCRs are essential in diagnosing and treating various ailments. However, due to the complicated reasons responsible for these disorders, there has been a significant decrease in the pipeline for the progression of novel psychiatric medications throughout the world. Antipsychotics and antidepressants target GPCRs, which regulate various subsequent signaling pathways and play a key role in altering brain function. The advancement of our knowledge of GPCR signaling has opened up new avenues for developing customized medications. This review summarizes the current understanding of therapeutic GPCR targets for psychiatric disorders. For patients resistant to current therapies, the future development of new drugs targeting GPCR signaling pathways is promising.
A Global Perspective on Medicinal Plants and Phytochemicals with Antiviral Potentials in the Respiratory System
Authors: Mohamadi Neda , Sharififar Fariba , Rameshk Maryam , Khandani Shahram Kalantari
Published: April 2023

Introduction:

Drug development has a great deal to gain from the therapeutic and preventative actions of medicinal plants and their derivatives. In order to introduce active medicinal herbs and phytochemicals against viral infections of the respiratory system, we tried to focus on a vast amount of data.

Methods:

From 2000 to the present, articles from Web of Science, Scopus, ScienceDirect, PubMed, and Google Scholar were taken into consideration. A combination of respiratory viral infection with keywords of medicinal plants, phytochemicals, flavonoids, saponins, phenolics, terpenoids, alkaloids, and natural products has been used, as well as keywords of antiviral medicinal plants, and antiviral phytochemicals. Pure antiviral compounds and plants with activity against viruses other than respiratory viruses were disregarded and excluded from consideration.

Results:

More than eighty phytochemicals and sixty herbs that were subjected to in vitro and in vivo investigations were documented. The current study collects information on multiple medicinal plants, including Camellia sinensis, Sambucus nigra, Pelargonium sidoides, Echinacea purpurea, and Glycyrrhiza glabra, which have been shown to have effective antiviral properties through experimental research. The main antiviral phytochemicals were terpenoids, alkaloids, and flavonoids. Additionally, chemicals including resveratrol, quercetin, chlorogenic acid, amentoflavone A, biochanin, and glycyrrhizin demonstrated efficacy against many viral infections.

Conclusion:

For the management of viral infections, the current review on the development of novel antiviral medications is strongly advised. It also provides a possibility to discover anti-Covid-19 lead compounds and can offer supportive treatment in this pandemic situation.
Formulation Containing Phytosomes of Crocin-Rich Extract from
Nyctanthes arbor-tristis and Petroselinic Acid from Coriandrum sativum
seeds Exhibits Sunscreen and Moisturizing Effects
Authors: Kolambe Mansi Ravindra , Naik Archana Arvind , Gadgoli Chhaya Harihar
Published: April 2023

Background:

Orange coloured tubular calyx of Nyctanthes arbor-tristis can be utilized as a substitute for saffron due to the presence of crocin, an apocarotenoid, which can act as a sun-screen agent. Petroselinic acid is reported to have a moisturizing effect on the skin.

Objective:

To utilize the tubular calyx of Nyctanthes arbor- tristis as an economical source of crocin and Coriandrum sativum seed oil as a source of petroselinic acid for the development of a stable phytosomal gel formulation and to evaluate its sunscreen and moisturizing activities.

Methodology:

Phytosomes of standardized crocin-rich extract and petroselinic acid were prepared separately by lipid film hydration technique. The phytosomes were then incorporated into a gel base prepared from dehydroxanthan gum, and it was evaluated for in-vitro sunscreen activity by using Mansur’s equation. Moisturizing effect of the phytosomal gel was evaluated on 10 healthy female volunteers with their informed consent, and the water content of the stratum corneum was measured by using a Digital Moisture detector pen before and 5 hours later the application of the gel.

Results:

Mean initial moisture content of the skin was found to be 30.08 %, which was signifi-cantly (P < 0.05) raised to 45.59% at the end of 5 hours. Sun Protection Factor was found to be 15.09 and with a Boot Star rating of 2.

Conclusion:

Entrapping the phytoconstituents in vesicles increased stability, and the formulation was found to have moderate protection and a good moisturizing effect on the skin.
Physical Properties of Black Pepper for designing a Robotic Black Pepper Harvester
Authors: AJAYAN AMSUJA V , BHASKAR SINDHU
Published: April 2023

Agricultural robots were designed based on the characteristics of the target crop. In this study, two varieties of black pepper including Kaimunda and Panniyur 1 were evaluated for physical parameters to design a robotic black pepper harvester. The main objective of this study was to measure and analyze the physical properties of black pepper to design the robotic pepper harvester. In this regard, studies were conducted for pepper spike, pepper peduncle, pepper berry, and pepper vine separately. The results showed that the average length and diameter of pepper spikes of Karimunda and Panniyur 1 respectively as 10.4 cm and 1.10 cm; and 12.8 cm and 1.30 cm. In an average the tested peppers have a berry diameter of 0.42 cm and RGB value of (20, 39, 3) - (255, 224, 111) for Karimunda variety and 0.59 cm and (35, 54, 10) - (255, 240, 100) for Panniyur 1 variety. Based on the shear strength analysis, at a cutting speed of 0.1 mm s -1, the average shear strength of the peduncle was obtained as 1718.6 N mm-2 for Karimunda and 1671 N mm -2 for Panniyur 1. And at cutting speed 1 mm s-1, the average shear strength peduncle of Karimunda and Panniyur 1 respectively is 1535 N mm-2 and 1544 N mm-2. The average length of the peduncle of Karimunda and Panniyur 1 respectively as 1.2 cm and 1.3 cm, and the diameter of both varieties was 0.17 cm. The maximum leaf coverage of the pepper vine ranges from 10 to 91, and the 95th percentile of the data was 76 cm.
Compliance Challenges in a Longitudinal COVID-19 Cohort Using Wearables for Continuous Monitoring: Observational Study (Preprint)
Authors: Mekhael Mario , Ho Chan , Noujaim Charbel , Assaf Ala , Younes Hadi , El Hajjar Abdel Hadi , Chaudhry Humza A , Lanier Brennan , Chouman Nour , Makan Noor , Shan Botao , Zhang Yichi , Dagher Lilas , Kreidieh Omar , Marrouche Nassir , Donnellan Eoin
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND

The WEAICOR (Wearables to Investigate the Long Term Cardiovascular and Behavioral Impacts of COVID-19) study was a prospective observational study that used continuous monitoring to detect and analyze biometrics. Compliance to wearables was a major challenge when conducting the study and was crucial for the results.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to evaluate patients’ compliance to wearable wristbands and determinants of compliance in a prospective COVID-19 cohort.

METHODS

The Biostrap (Biostrap USA LLC) wearable device was used to monitor participants’ biometric data. Compliance was calculated by dividing the total number of days in which transmissions were sent by the total number of days spent in the WEAICOR study. Univariate correlation analyses were performed, with compliance and days spent in the study as dependent variables and age, BMI, sex, symptom severity, and the number of complications or comorbidities as independent variables. Multivariate linear regression was then performed, with days spent in the study as a dependent variable, to assess the power of different parameters in determining the number of days patients spent in the study.

RESULTS

A total of 122 patients were included in this study. Patients were on average aged 41.32 years, and 46 (38%) were female. Age was found to correlate with compliance (r=0.23; P=.01). In addition, age (r=0.30; P=.001), BMI (r=0.19; P=.03), and the severity of symptoms (r=0.19; P=.03) were found to correlate with days spent in the WEAICOR study. Per our multivariate analysis, in which days spent in the study was a dependent variable, only increased age was a significant determinant of compliance with wearables (adjusted R2=0.1; β=1.6; P=.01).

CONCLUSIONS

Compliance is a major obstacle in remote monitoring studies, and the reasons for a lack of compliance are multifactorial. Patient factors such as age, in addition to environmental factors, can affect compliance to wearables.
Pain Reduction With an Immersive Digital Therapeutic in Women Living With Endometriosis-Related Pelvic Pain: At-Home Self-Administered Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Merlot Benjamin , Elie Valéry , Périgord Adrien , Husson Zoé , Jubert Amandine , Chanavaz-Lacheray Isabella , Dennis Thomas , Cotty-Eslous Maryne , Roman Horace
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND

The management of chronic pelvic pain in women with endometriosis is complex and includes the long-term use of opioids. Patients not fully responsive to drugs or ineligible for surgical treatments need efficient alternatives to improve their quality of life and avoid long-term sequelae.

OBJECTIVE

This randomized controlled trial aimed to assess the effects of repeated at-home administrations of a 20-minute virtual reality (VR) solution (Endocare) compared with a sham condition on pain in women experiencing pelvic pain due to endometriosis.

METHODS

Patients were instructed to use the VR headsets twice daily for at least 2 days and for up to 5 days starting on their first day of painful periods. Pain perception was measured using a numerical scale (0-10) before and 60, 120, and 180 minutes after each treatment administration. General pain, stress, fatigue, medication intake, and quality of life were reported daily by patients.

RESULTS

A total of 102 patients with endometriosis were included in the final analysis (Endocare group: n=51, 50%; sham group: n=51, 50%). The mean age was 32.88 years (SD 6.96) and the mean pain intensity before treatment was 6.53 (SD 1.74) and 6.22 (SD 1.69) for the Endocare group and the sham control group, respectively (P=.48). Pain intensity decreased in both groups from day 1 to day 5 along with a decrease in medication use. Maximum pain intensity reduction of 51.58% (SD 35.33) occurred at day 2, 120 minutes after treatment for the Endocare group and of 27.37% (SD 27.23) at day 3, 180 minutes after treatment for the control group. Endocare was significantly superior to the sham on day 1 (120 minutes, P=.04; 180 minutes, P=.001), day 2 (0 minutes, P=.02; 60, 120, and 180 minutes, all P<.001), and day 3 (60 minutes, P=.01; 120 minutes, P=.005; 180 minutes, P=.001). Similarly, the mean perceived pain relief was significantly higher with Endocare on day 1 (120 and 180 minutes P=.004 and P=.001, respectively) and day 2 (60, 120, and 180 minutes P=.003, P=.004, and P=.007, respectively) compared to the control. No adverse event was reported.

CONCLUSIONS

This study confirmed the effectiveness and safety of self-repeated administrations of a VR immersive treatment used at home while reducing overall pain medication intake in women diagnosed with endometriosis experiencing moderate-to-severe pelvic pain.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05172492; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05172492
Reduction of Mental Health–Related Emergency Department Admissions for Youth and Young Adults Following a Remote Intensive Outpatient Program: Quality Improvement Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Gliske Kate , Ballard Jaime , Berry Katie R , Killian Michael , Kroll Elizabeth , Fenkel Caroline
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND

Pediatric mental health emergency department (ED) visits are increasing at 6% to 10% per year, at substantial cost, while 13% of youth with psychiatric hospitalizations are readmitted in the following weeks. Hospitals do not have the resources to meet escalating youth’s mental health needs. Intensive outpatient (IOP) programs, which provide multiple hours of care each week, have the power to reduce the number of patients in need of hospitalized care and provide a step-down option for patients discharging from ED’s in order to prevent readmissions.

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this program evaluation was to assess (1) whether youth and young adult ED admission rates decreased following participation in a remote IOP program and (2) whether there were differences in readmission rates between youth and young adults by gender identity, sexual orientation, race, or ethnicity.

METHODS

Data were collected from intake and 3-month postdischarge surveys for 735 clients who attended at least 6 sessions of a remote IOP program for youth and young adults. Patients reported if they had been admitted to an ED within the previous 30 days and the admission reason. Over half (407/707, 57.6%) of clients were adolescents and the rest were young adults (300/707, 42.4%; mean age 18.25, SD 4.94 years). The sample was diverse in gender identity (329/687, 47.9% female; 196/687, 28.5% male; and 65/669, 9.7% nonbinary) and sexual orientation (248/635, 39.1% heterosexual; 137/635, 21.6% bisexual; 80/635, 10.9% pansexual; and 170/635, 26.8% other sexual orientation) and represented several racial (9/481, 1.9% Asian; 48/481, 10% Black; 9/481, 1.9% Indigenous; 380/481, 79% White; and 35/481, 7.2% other) and ethnic identities (112/455, 24.6% Hispanic and 28/455, 6.2% other ethnic identity).

RESULTS

Mental health–related ED admissions significantly decreased between intake and 3 months after discharge, such that 94% (65/69) of clients with a recent history of mental health–related ED admissions at IOP intake reported no mental health–related ED admissions at 3 months after discharge from treatment (χ21=38.8, P<.001). There were no differences in ED admissions at intake or in improvement at 3 months after discharge by age, gender, sexuality, race, or ethnicity.

CONCLUSIONS

This study documents a decrease in ED admissions between intake and 3 months after discharge among both youth and young adults who engage in IOP care following ED visits. The similar outcomes across demographic groups indicate that youth and young adults experience similar decreases after the current tracks of programming. Future research could conduct a full return-on-investment analysis for intensive mental health services for youth and young adults.
Volume Management with Kidney Replacement Therapy in the Critically Ill Patient
Authors: Wang Christina H. , Fay Kevin , Shashaty Michael G.S. , Negoianu Dan
Published: April 2023

While the administration of intravenous fluids remains an important treatment, the negative consequences of subsequent fluid overload have raised questions about when and how clinicians should pursue avenues of fluid removal. Decisions regarding fluid removal during critical illness are complex even for patients with preserved kidney function. This article seeks to apply general concepts of fluid management to the care of patients who also require KRT. Because optimal fluid management for any specific patient is likely to change over the course of critical illness, conceptual models using phases of care have been developed. In this review, we will examine the implications of one such model on the use of ultrafiltration during KRT for volume removal in distributive shock. This will also provide a useful lens to re-examine published data of KRT during critical illness. We will highlight recent prospective trials of KRT as well as recent retrospective studies examining ultrafiltration rate and mortality, review the results, and discuss applications and shortcomings of these studies. We also emphasize that current data and techniques suggest that optimal guidelines will not consist of recommendations for or against absolute fluid removal rates but will instead require the development of dynamic protocols involving frequent cycles of reassessment and adjustment of net fluid removal goals. If optimal fluid management is dynamic, then frequent assessment of fluid responsiveness, fluid toxicity, and tolerance of fluid removal will be needed. Innovations in our ability to assess these parameters may improve our management of ultrafiltration in the future.
Prediction of Admission and Jobs in Engineering and Technology with Respect to Demographic Locations
Authors: Kulkarni Sumanth , Nagula Indrasena Reddy , Kairamkonda Vijay Bhargav , Sekhar Dr. Somavarapu Nataraja Chandra
Published: April 2023

Abstract: India as we know is a densely populated country and Every year more than 6 crores of Indians graduates from diverse backgrounds and with diversity in education. Almost similar number of students enter into colleges for taking various education to help them in seeking jobs. Many sectors have experienced tremendous growth in employment and thus masses opt for those sectors whereas in many sectors there is huge unemployment either due to low jobs availability or demand of skilled workers is required. Thinking of the each and every branch and when comparing it with the current employment in India and abroad, we will definitely find some points that will help in predicting the admissions and jobs scenarios in the fields of engineering and technology, management and pharmacy. Due to the changing technology and its requirement for getting employed in India and abroad, there has to improvements suggested by experts for predicting the Prediction of Admission & Jobs in Engineering & Technology with respect to demographic locations. This is not a one time process and needs to be done frequently as trends in the industry keep changing. Addressing this problem will introduce the required changes that would bring the current youth and upcoming generations in parallel with the students of other countries in terms of knowledge and skills in that domain. There is a need to forecast the current trend in the admissions and job sectors so as to blend the courses and syllabus accordingly to keep the youth employed and skilled with rapidly changing world. Here we will achieve it by using Machine Learning algorithm.
Digital Payment Systems – An Overview of Categories and Extant Opportunities and Challenges
Authors: Sunil Shisode Vikas , Nalwaya Dr. Nidhi
Published: April 2023

Abstract: The payments industry is changing as a result of mobile payments. These services give non-banking actors a way to break into the sector. Banks, who are already involved in the traditional payments sector, must provide mobile payments in order to meet this threat. Right now, we're in a digital era. India is about to see a significant digital revolution. The increasing connectivity that the Internet provides in today's society has altered the way that money is exchanged. The use of several technologies, including smartphones, computers, iPads, tablets, and the internet, has advanced dramatically in India. Smartphones and government initiatives like Digital India are acting as catalysts for the exponential growth in the use of digital payment as a result of the increase in internet users. In India, efforts are being made to switch to electronic payments. A digital payment system is one that processes payments through digital channels and an electronic network. Every transaction involving digital payments is completed online. It is a speedy and useful way to pay. With the aim of promoting cashless transactions and turning the Indian economy into a digital one, a number of digital payment options are available, including banking cards, USSD, UPI, AEPS, mobile wallets, POS terminals, Micro- ATMs, the internet, mobile banking, and BHIM.
The Revolutionary Computer Technology Artificial Intelligence that is Changing Our World & its Impact on Different Jobs
Authors: Sharma Dr. Mahendra , Sehgal Mrs. Laveena
Published: April 2023

Abstract: This research paper provides an in-depth analysis of the impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) on various job sectors. It explores the history of AI and highlights the top AI tools that are being used today. The primary focus of the research is on the effects of AI on different job sectors, including healthcare, finance, and transportation. Additionally, the paper examines the potential benefits and challenges of AI adoption, including the concerns about job displacement and the future of work. Ultimately, the research concludes that a responsible approach to AI adoption is necessary, with the need for ethical frameworks and investment in research and development to maximise the benefits while mitigating the risks.Artificial Intelligence (AI) is one of the most revolutionary computer technologies that is changing our world. With AI-powered tools, organisations can automate routine and repetitive tasks, enabling workers to focus on more complex and higher-value tasks. Moreover, AI is transforming the nature of work, enabling more flexible and remote work arrangements. While AI has the potential to drive innovation and enhance efficiency, there are also concerns about the impact of AI on different job sectors, including job displacement, the future of work, and ethical concerns.The research paper examines the impact of AI on different job sectors, including healthcare, finance, and transportation. In healthcare, AI-powered tools are being used to improve patient outcomes and enhance the efficiency of medical procedures. In finance, AI is revolutionizing the way financial institutions analyse data and make investment decisions. In transportation, AI-powered autonomous vehicles are transforming the way we travel and move goodsThe paper explores the potential benefits and challenges of AI adoption. While AI has the potential to enhance efficiency and innovation, there are concerns about job displacement, particularly in sectors where tasks are highly repetitive and routine. In such cases, investment in reskilling and up skilling programs is essential to prepare workers for the changing job market. Moreover, the paper highlights the importance of developing ethical frameworks for AI development and deployment to address concerns about bias, transparency, and accountability.
Abusive Supervision and Employee Silence: The Moderating Effects of Leader Status and Employees' Trait Anger
Authors: Chen Qin , Liao Shilong , Xiao Huan , Lin Long , Zhang Li
Published: April 2023

We explored the relationship between the abusive supervision of leaders and employee silence in the face-oriented culture of East Asia by using conservation of resources theory. Survey data were collected using a multiperiod, multisource method conducted with 350 employees and their
supervisors. Results were as follows: (a) The relationship between abusive supervision and employee silence was mediated by the perceived face threat of employees, (b) leader status positively moderated the relationship between abusive supervision and employees' perceived face threat, and
(c) trait anger of employees positively moderated the relationship between perceived face threat and silence. Therefore, if leaders use abusive supervision to manage their subordinates, they need to consider their own status and the individual characteristics of their subordinates, and a higher
leadership status can ease the discomfort of subordinates who are abused. However, abusive supervision is not suitable for improving the performance of subordinates with trait anger because it will further strengthen their silence.
Anterior Diş Konum ve Şekillerinin Düzenlenmesinin Kişilik Özellikleri Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: ÜNAL İsmail , TUNA Süleyman Hakan
Published: April 2023

Amaç: Gülümseme kişiliğin algısında büyük rol oynar. Kişiye özgü gülümsemede kullanılan gülüş tasarımı konsepti, estetik diş hekimliğinde tedavi yaklaşımının en önemli parçasıdır. Bu çalışmanın amacı; anterior diş konum ve şekilleri üzerinde yapılan değişikliklerin kişiliğin algısına etkisini incelemektir.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışmada, modelden alınan fotoğraflara Adobe Photoshop 2020 CC (Kaliforniya, ABD) programıyla dijital ortamda gülüş tasarımları yapıldı. On dört adet gülüş tasarımıyla beraber kişilik özellikleri de yer alacak şekilde bir anket formu hazırlandı. Diş hekimleri, diş hekimliği öğrencileri ve meslekten olmayan kişilerden oluşan katılımcılardan gülüş tasarımları ile fotoğrafların altında yer alan kişilik özellikleri ilişkisini VAS (Visual Analog Scale) skalasında 0-100 aralığında puanlamaları istendi. Sonuçlar IBM SPSS (Chicago, ABD) programında One Way ANOVA testi ile analiz edildi.
Bulgular: Farklı cinsiyet grupları incelendiğinde; maskulen ve stresli kişilik tasarımlarında kadınlar daha yüksek puan verirken sıcakkanlı kişilik tasarımında ise erkekler daha yüksek puan verdiler (p0,05).
Sonuç: Kişilik algısının, farklı cinsiyet ve dental eğitim seviyelerinde farklı seviyelerde algılandığı düşünülmektedir.
L(3,2,1) Labeling of Firecracker Graph
Authors: Sarbaini Sarbaini , A.N.M. Salman , Putra Ganesha Lapenangga
Published: April 2023

Let G = (V, E) be a graph. An L(3,2,1) labeling of G is a function f : V → N ∪ {0} such that for every u, v ∈ V , |f(u) − f(v)| ≥ 3 if d(u, v) = 1, |f(u) − f(v)| ≥ 2 if d(u, v) = 2, and |f(u) − f(v)| ≥ 1 if d(u, v) = 3. Let k ∈ N, a k − L(3, 2, 1) labeling is a labeling L(3,2,1) where all labels are not greater than k. An L(3,2,1) number of G, denoted by λ(3,2,1)(G), is the smallest non-negative integer k such that G has a k − L(3,2,1) labeling. In this paper, we determine λ(3,2,1) of firecracker graphs.
S-Prime Ideals in Principal Domain
Authors: Aqalmoun Mohamed
Published: April 2023

Let R be a commutative ring and S be a multiplicative subset of R. The S-prime ideal is a generalization of the concept of prime ideal. In this paper, we completely determine all S-prime and S-maximal idealsof a principal domain. It is shown that the intersection of any descending chain of S-prime ideals in a principal domain is an S-prime ideal, also the S-radical is investigated.
Decolonising Teaching and Learning in Anthropology, A Holistic Approach.
Authors: Karampampas Panas
Published: April 2023

The task of decolonising anthropology is not yet complete. Rather, it is an ongoing process, and recent times have reminded us that evidence of the colonial past can still be found in anthropology departments (and are potentially reproduced through our teaching). In this article, I argue for a holistic approach to the decolonising of teaching and learning. This is in contrast to more isolated attempts to decolonise anthropology, for example, in the inclusion of previously suppressed voices. I explore a repertoire that includes student-centred methods, links between fieldwork practices, teaching practices and ethics, and a practice of encouraging students to place their interlocutors aims and objectives at the centre of anthropological practice. Moreover, I argue for the importance of assignments, fieldwork exercises, and performative teaching techniques that assist students to experience, rather than merely discuss, anthropology. I also go on to encourage the teaching of an actively engaged and relevant anthropology, which is open to student engagement with contemporary issues and which is directly relatable and relevant to them. Finally, I provide examples of collaborative research methods as a medium for decolonising anthropology. I argue that these methods allow students to fathom more deeply the ways in which contemporary anthropological knowledge is produced.
The Longitudinal Effects of Integrated Preparation for Later life on Life Satisfaction of Baby Boomers
Authors:   Korean Academy of Integrated Care Management, You Jaenam , Park Sanghee
Published: April 2023

The purpose of this study was to longitudinally analyze how the baby boomer generation's integrated preparation for old age affects the change trajectory of life satisfaction. Data were collected from the 4th to 7th years of the National Old Age Security Panel Data and analyzed with the potential growth model analysis method. The research results were as follows. First, the life satisfaction of the baby boom generation, examined through the unconditional model, showed a non-linear trajectory of change, maintaining a slightly increasing pattern over time and then slightly decreasing. Second, the effects of economic preparation for old age, emotional and social preparation for old age, and physical preparation for old age, which were examined through the conditional model, on the change trajectory of life satisfaction showed different results. The baby boomer generation's economic preparation for old age did not affect changes in life satisfaction. On the other hand, the baby boom generation who prepares for old age emotionally and socially had high life satisfaction in their early years, and the high life satisfaction showed a trajectory of change that was maintained over time. The baby boom generation, who is physically preparing for old age, showed a trajectory of change in which life satisfaction increased rapidly as time passed, although life satisfaction at the beginning was insignificant. Based on the results, a proposal was made to promote volunteer activities and lifelong education, expand social networks, and policies and services related to health promotion and disease prevention.
The effect of role conflict and role ambiguity on turnover intention among work supporters with severe disabilities:mediating effects of job burnout
Authors:   Korean Academy of Integrated Care Management, Kang jeongeun , Kim Hyeunju
Published: April 2023

This study examined the prevalence of role conflict and role ambiguity among labor support workers with severe disabilities in the labor support service system, and their influence on burnout that leads to turnover intention. A survey was conducted on labor support personnel in 15 labor support service organizations in Busan, Ulsan, and Gyeongnam, and a total of 232 copies were collected and analyzed. The collected data was subjected to frequency analysis, descriptive statistical analysis, and correlation analysis using SPSS 26.0, and statistical significance was verified using Process Macro 4. The results of the study were as follows: First, the higher the perception of role conflict among labor support workers, the more the positive (+) effects on job burnout and turnover intention. Role conflict was found to have a positive (+) effect on burnout, but it did not have a significant effect on turnover intention. Second, job burnout partially mediated the relationship between role conflict and turnover intention, and completely mediated the relationship between role ambiguity and turnover intention. Based on these results, policy and practical measures were proposed to resolve the role conflict and role ambiguity experienced by labor support workers during services delivery in the future and to ensure a continuous and stable professional life for disabled workers.
The Process of Adapting In The Community After Voluntary Suspension Of Studies By Out-Of-School Youth: Focusing On The Need For Social Resources And Case Management
Authors:   Korean Academy of Integrated Care Management, Kim Na-Yeong , Kim KwangByung
Published: April 2023

This study evaluated the process of suspension of studies by out-of-school youth and the process of adapting to the community after the suspension. An interview was conducted with 7 out-of-school youths in the form of a qualitative case study. The method of analysis was first based on the description of the participants’ personal context and history, and derived 4 categories and 14 sub-topics in search of common topics that go beyond each case. The results showed that after the suspension of the studies, the participants were experiencing various difficulties outside the school, but finding their own career paths and adapting within the community through various social resources and support. This emphasizes the need for customized case management for out-of-school youth in various situations and the role of out-of-school support centers. In addition, the findings highlighted the need for expanding social resources. Consequently, social support for out-of-school youths, and the cooperation of each institution and organization related to out-of-school youth was proposed.