bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengembangan Diri Manusia Menjadi Sosok Berilmu Sebagai Pelita Moderasi Beragama di Era Media Baru 4.0
Authors: Susdarwono Endro Tri
Published: October 2021

The understanding of religious moderation must be understood contextually not textually, meaning that moderation in religion in Indonesia is not moderate Indonesia, but a moderate way of understanding in religion because Indonesia has many cultures and customs. This study aims to describe how human self-development becomes a knowledgeable figure as a torch or lamp of religious moderation in the era of new media 4.0. The approach in this study uses a descriptive approach. Without the goal of realizing maslahat, religious moderation will never exist. All religions, laws, and ways of life that exist, were actually born for the sake of realizing maslahat. It is because of this maslahat and this is the only reason, Allah sent down the holy books, sent messengers, and established the laws of the Shari'a. Also, due to this maslahat, the minds of all philosophers, experts and thinkers drain all the legacy of the vast human race. Islam strongly criticizes the attitude of neglecting efforts and the desire to seek benefit on the pretext of tawakal to Allah. In order to find the intended benefits, humans are highly demanded in mastering science and technology as the main prerequisites. Human history is full of various events and events which confirm that humans are always looking for common benefit. A knowledgeable human will be able to understand religious moderation very well. Knowledge that is beneficial to mankind is knowledge that can lead humans to a better life, closer to Allah and not cause damage to the earth.
Implementasi Manajemen Pembiayaan di MTs An-Nawawi 01 Berjan Purworejo
Authors: Musolin Muhlil , Khoirun Nisa’  , Laelatul Mudmiroh
Published: October 2021

Education funding is one of the central systems in education, financing is part of the support of the implementation of education because it involves the operational financing of education implementation from the smallest to the largest operational funding. This research discusses the implementation of financing management in An Nawawi 01 Berjan Purworejo MTs. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach and data collection techniques used are observation, interviews with employees of the treasurer of the madrasa and documentation related to financial records at An-Nawawi 01 MTs Berjan Purworejo. Data creatiability test is done by using triangulation, data dependability test, transfermability test and confirmability test. Data analysis techniques using qualitative descriptive analysis techniques with stages of data collection, data reduction, data presentation, to drawing conclusions. The results showed that the implementation of financial management in MTs An-Nawawi 01 Berjan Purworejo began with financial planning (budgeting) through the process of financial budgeting that was carried out in accordance with stages systematically. Execution / accounting (accounting) with accounting books is general cash books, invoices, cash assistance books, salary receipt books, bank supporting books and financial statements. The financial supervision process begins by making the RAPBM the standard for overseeing the implementation of supervision both internal and external.
Cognitive functioning of children and youth with developmental language disorder
Authors: Kochańska Magdalena
Published: October 2021

The article consists a literature review. It presents the results of research on the cognitive functioning of people with developmental language disorder, with particular emphasis on executive and linguistic functions. The discussion focused on terminological issues related to medical classifications of diseases. The most common cognitive deficits occurring in people with this disorder and their consequences for functioning are presented. The language profile is presented in detail, taking into account all language and language pragmatics.
Symbolic violence against a person with intellectual disability in a nursing home care
Authors: Myśliwczyk Iwona
Published: October 2021

The system of institutional support should be tailored to the needs and capabilities of the persons using it, ensuring full social development. However, institutional care involves tearing the individual out of real social life, isolating him or her and imposing actions that lead to a specific change. The approach of professionals focuses on restoring a state of normality to people with disabilities at all costs or takes the form of neglecting the needs of the individual through an infantile approach to them.
The aim of this paper is to present the results of research on the reconstruction of experiences and interpretations of the experience of symbolic violence by people with intellectual disabilities residing in social welfare homes. The research presented in this paper is set in the interpretative paradigm, which consequently allowed the application of the biographical method with the use of autobiographical narrative interview.
The analysis of the empirical material reveals various forms of symbolic violence. Some are the result of imposed assistance, i.e., the system of social policy, which in its essence does not take into account the individual needs and possibilities of the individual. Systemic assumptions condemn narrators to certain actions and behaviours. Symbolic violence is also evident in the relationships between the staff of the institutions and the residents, which results, among other things, in anxiety, a sense of being inferior and insecurity.
Obesity and low levels of physical activity are associated with a decreased health-related quality of life
in postmenopausal women: a Wroclaw pilot study
Authors: Lewandowska Joanna , Tomaczak Mateusz , Wilk Iwona , Lwow Felicja
Published: October 2021

Background: Menopause is associated with numerous somatic dysfunctions, an increased risk of chronic
diseases, and complications in the mental and social components of health that lower the quality of life
(QoL). Obesity and related comorbidities affect over 60% of postmenopausal women in Poland. A significant
role for systematic physical activity (PA) in the prevention of dysfunctions and chronic diseases, including
obesity and mental disorders, has been observed previously. A low level of PA is observed across the Polish
population, especially in postmenopausal women.
Aim of the study: To examine QoL in postmenopausal women participating in a community health promotion
program as it relates to obesity and levels of PA.
Material and methods: The study sample consisted of 76 postmenopausal women (aged 65.75±5.14 years)
participating in the Active Wrocław 55+ program. Before starting the program, anthropometric measurements
were taken, and QoL and PA were assessed using the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) and
the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF), respectively.
Results: Most women had a PA level above 600 MET -min/week (78.95%), and were overweight or obese
(86.84%). A waist circumference over 80 cm, indicating an increased risk for metabolic syndrome, was observed
in 85.89% of the participants. BMI and waist circumference negatively correlated with the level of PA
(p=0.001 and p=0.017, respectively). Women exhibiting low levels of PA and higher BMIs showed a significantly
lower QoL compared to those with higher PA and lower BMIs, particularly with regard to the physical
domains of QoL.
Conclusions: Obesity and a low level of PA are associated with a significant decline in the health-related QoL
(especially in the PF and PCS domains) of postmenopausal women an urban setting.
Types and methods of measuring income convergence
Authors: Milutinović Sonja
Published: October 2021

Income convergence is one of the key research domains in the field of economic growth and development. The theoretical discussion of income convergence among countries began with the introduction of Robert Solow's neoclassical growth model. The first empirical research appeared in the 1980s, and to this day the results are ambiguous. There are several approaches of convergence, however, the most commonly used approach is income convergence between countries and regions. When it comes to income convergence, there are two concepts, namely s-convergence and b-convergence, where b-convergence can be absolute and relative. The paper presents different types of convergence, as well as methods of measuring income convergence.
Small and medium business and The European Union: Mutual definitions
Authors: Ćatović Azra , Zogić Haris , Kujović Elma
Published: October 2021

There are many controversial public perceptions about small and medium business. According to some interpretations, the development of small and medium business (SME) represents a great chance for the countries of the Western Balkans to be included in the economic and social flows of economically developed European Union (EU) countries on an equal basis. According to other interpretations, SME business is only an addition to great business, and as such, if the great business does not develop in the country, the chances for more intensive development of SME businesses are very limited. Also, cooperation with economic entities within the EU is very significant. What are the chances for the development of this business? The answer is given in this scientific article.
Albanisms in Serbian and Macedonian speeches
Authors: Malja-Imami Nailje , Popović Marija
Published: October 2021

This paper gives a brief overview of the literature dedicated to Albanian-Slavic contacts, and then compares two approaches to Albanianisms in Serbian and Macedonian languages. One is by Safet Hodža (2001) and the other by Vanja Stanišić (1995). Their studies differ in several aspects. First, in the inventory of processed lexical items. Thus, Hodža analyzed a total of 447, and Stanisic about 300. Then, Hodža represented almost all types of words (313 nouns, 50 adjectives, 48 verbs, 15 adverbs, 9 words and 8 exclamations, 2 conjunctions and 2 onomatopoeias), while Stanišić analyzed 182 lexemes, mainly nouns and a small number of verbs from different areas of human life: cattle breeding and agriculture (36), farming (41), nature and relief (23), house and garden (8), family terminology (8), material culture and mental life (10), abstract concepts, verbs and expressions of psychophysical conditions (56). Stanišić also deals with the Albanian names that are mentioned in the Dečani Hrisovulja (Chrysovulje), but also with a large number of Slavs. Hodža etymologically deals with the words in a separate dictionary section, while Stanišić does that within five thematic groups. In separate chapters, Hodža gives an exhaustive classification according to thematic groups, according to geographical distribution and time of their taking over. Stanišić grouped the words wider, and within the processing of individual words, they are geographically located. The author of this paper also points to other Albanianisms noted by other researchers, but also cites a new inventory of lexemes used by the Serbs in south-western Serbia and Kosovo and Metohia: čuče, čučajka "kukavica (coward) ", rumbulak and rumbulačka "okrugao (round)", šaradžija "testeraš (sawyer)" (from alb. sharrë "testera (saw), šoša "prorešetati (to sift)", vapa "žega, toplota (heat, warmth)", uknačiti (se) "uživati (to enjoy)".
Political participation of women in Serbia through the prism of local activism: A case study of municipality of Ruma, 2020-2021
Authors: Loš Tatjana
Published: October 2021

The paper aims to identify the quality of political participation of women in Serbia through the prism of activism at the local level. The research covered the municipality of Ruma in the period from July 2, 2020 to July 2, 2021, which conducted a research of an individual and not a mosaic or a case in a row. Using the case study method, data collection was conducted in a semi-structured interview on a sample of six respondents. The results of the research showed that women, in accordance with the quantitative shift in the political life of Serbia in general, are delegated in the Ruma division of power at all levels, but that gender is still less represented in positions of power and decision-making, as well as in decision-making. Women in Ruma, with their political participation, do not sufficiently realize the gender dimension of political representation, because either they are not sufficiently aware of this segment and do not recognize it as important or they lack the courage to do so and encounter a wall in parliamentary debates. The results of the research could be important for considering ways to improve the quality of women's participation in politics at the local level in the direction of greater substantive representation, as well as gender sensitivity, which would increase greater motivation of women to get involved in politics, affect the quality of work. representative body, but also a change in the political climate in society, which is still masculine. The research showed that the solidarity of women in politics should be strengthened, regardless of belonging to a political party, and they should be encouraged to be louder and braver in expressing their views in parliamentary debates, so that they can essentially fight for their interests.
Socrates' understanding of the task of philosophy
Authors: Avdić Šejla
Published: October 2021

The article tries to present Socrates' understanding of the task of philosophy step by step with reference to contemporary interpretations. Along the way, an inevitable obstacle is encountered, and that is the problem of the contemporary meanings of Socrates 'philosophy. Socrates did not leave a written trace behind, so we draw knowledge about his philosophy and life from the main testimonies, which are the writings of Aristophanes, Xenophon, Plato and Aristotle. Given our acceptance and affection for certain testimonies, we are moving further and further away from the definition of historical Socrates. The paradox of this distancing, is shown in the fact that Socrates in this way in his mental heritage becomes closer to us as our contemporary. But what cannot be ignored is the fact that Socrates, with his philosophy, left an indelible mark in the development of the whole of philosophical thought and the determinants of modern culture as a whole. The transition from the question of nature to the question of human life, through the introduction of a method aimed at eliminating misconceptions and the possibility of determining the right direction for action, is what makes Socrates one of the most important philosophers and leaves him in today's view of the source of modern thought.
Limitations of rapid serological testing for SARS-CoV-2 in non-vaccinated patients in acute cardiac care
Authors: Viduljević Mihajlo , Polovina Marija , Ašanin Milika , Mrdović Igor
Published: October 2021

In December 2019 in the city of Wuhan, in China, the first cases of infection caused by the new SARS-CoV-2 virus appeared, and later on, the disease caused by this virus was named COVID-19. Shortly after this, on March 11 th , 2020, the WHO characterized COVID-19 as a global pandemic. The symptoms of COVID-19 and acute cardiovascular disorders (e.g., heart failure, pulmonary embolism or myocardial ischemia) frequently overlap, which poses a challenge for the establishing of a differential diagnosis in clinical practice. Rapid serological tests, which detect IgM and IgG classes of antibodies for SARS-CoV 2, have been developed with the primary purpose of screening the population's immunological response to the SARS-CoV-2 virus. However, rapid serological tests are often used outside their original purpose, i.e., for the triage of possibly infected, non-vaccinated individuals, because they offer quick results, which may be particularly relevant in emergency settings. If serological testing is used to guide the admission of non-vaccinated patients with acute cardiovascular disorders to either an isolation unit for suspected COVID-19 positive individuals, or to hospital facilities for non-infected patients, it is important to recognize its limitations, in order to reduce the risk of false-positive or false-negative results. Hence, appropriate patient selection and cautious test interpretation is necessary to avoid misdiagnosis. The aim of this paper is to illustrate how serological testing may be used as a screening tool to inform the management of non-vaccinated patients with acute cardiovascular disorders requiring urgent hospital admission. As an illustration, we describe two clinical situations, in which serological testing produced meaningful results.
Triage at a non-covid hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Đikić Marina , Gujaničić Dušica , Milićević-Nešić Ivana , Ercegovac Marko , Dželebdžić Slobodan , Lukić Ivanka , Andrić Budimir , Miladinović Tijana
Published: October 2021

At the time of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Emergency Center of the University Clinical Center of Serbia (EC-UCCS), although a non-covid hospital, had to adapt to taking care of a large number of critically ill and, at the same time, potentially contagious patients. In this paper, we present the ways that the EC-UCCS has adjusted to the conditions of the pandemic, where no precise protocols had previously been established for acting in these types of situations. In March 2019, the Admissions Triage Facility of Emergency Medicine (ATFEM) was established. The main task of this facility was to separate patients with epidemiological risk (ER) from patients without risk and to carry out their further isolated care. ER assessment involves completing an epidemiological questionnaire, a targeted brief history, body temperature measurement, and assessment of the patient's respiratory status. The complete triage process, initial diagnosis, and treatment of patients with ER is the task and responsibility of emergency medicine specialists. Between March 15, 2020 and March 15, 2021, about 155,000 patients were examined in triage, of whom 9,519 had ER and were taken care of in the ATFEM. This triage method minimizes the spread of infection while taking care of all critically ill patients, regardless of ER. However, both patients with low and high risk of COVID-19, were all admitted to the same facility, due to the shortage of available space. Also, triage relates only to "covid triage" and not to triage according to the degree of urgency of the patients, which is the primary task of every modern emergency center.
How much has the COVID-19 pandemic changed us: The experience of the clinic for mental disorders "Dr Laza Lazarević"
Authors: Stašević-Karličić Ivana
Published: October 2021

In order to preserve and improve public health, guided by the recommendations of the World Health Organization (WHO), the Clinic for Mental Disorders Dr Laza Lazarević, in cooperation with the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Serbia, developed a strategy for mental healthcare during the COVID-19 pandemic. This paper briefly presents some specific activities that the Clinic for Mental Disorders Dr Laza Lazarević has carried out during the current COVID-19 pandemic.
Clinical laboratories in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic: An analysis of experiences in Serbia
Authors: Stanković Sanja , Ašanin Milika
Published: October 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic represents one of the most serious public health threats that our world has faced in recent history. Clinical laboratories play a significant role in the global fight against this pandemic. This paper is based on the experiences of the Center for Medical Biochemistry of the University Clinical Center of Serbia. Using mixed methods research, the study sheds light on the many challenges that the Center has been facing during the pandemic, it outlines the implementation of change, and makes recommendations for functioning during the COVID-19 pandemic and in the post-COVID era.
Modeling as an approach to pandemic uncertainty management: Mortality assessment of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Stevanović Aleksandar , Šantrić-Milićević Milena
Published: October 2021

The progression of the COVID-19 pandemic has urged the medical and scientific community to attempt to model and predict the transmission of SARS-CoV-2. Fo-recasting the possible course of the COVID-19 pandemic has helped us to better understand the nuances in the effects of the adopted policy measures and has directed us towards future actions which may need to be undertaken. In this article, we briefly summarize several selected projection approaches used for estimating COVID-19 effects globally and locally (Serbia).
El tratamiento de la cuestión residencial gitana en el tardofranquismo: desigualdad, segregación y conflicto étnico
Authors: Río Ruiz Manuel Ángel
Published: October 2021

Este artículo analiza las políticas y prácticas de gestión territorial que experimenta la población gitana española en los últimos años del franquismo. En primer lugar, presento argumentos y evidencias que revelan la existencia de un sistema de racismo institucional. El caso de los gitanos, incluso al final de la dictadura, muestra cómo un conjunto de prácticas discriminatorias arraigadas en el funcionamiento cotidiano de las instituciones puede reproducirse, sin costes políticos, incluso sin amparo legal. En segundo lugar, profundizo en los instrumentos, las prácticas institucionales y los discursos performativos de las relaciones interétnicas que acababan al servicio de la segregación y exclusión gitana. Una conclusión destaca. La desigualdad de trato a la hora de realojar a distintos tipos de poblaciones chabolistas sometidas a la presión urbanística aumenta la segregación residencial y la distancia social de buena parte de la población gitana, así como la desigualdad interétnica de oportunidades. El de España con los gitanos es un caso en el que los programas de realojo de minorías originalmente instaladas en chabolas e infravivienda supondrán una resituación aún más periférica y marginadora del grupo. Además estas políticas resegregadoras intensificarán los prejuicios antigitanos históricos. De hecho, aquellos proyectos de realojo gitano que sí modificaban la entonces mayoritaria división étnica del espacio urbano desencadenarán, ya en estos años, resistencias civiles de las mayorías sociales. Desde un punto de vista teórico, los hallazgos del artículo refuerzan las tesis weberianas sobre la influencia del factor étnico y de su tratamiento estatal en las estrategias de cierre social entre grupos.
Th. W. Adorno: filosofía frente a la catástrofe
Authors: Zamora Jose A.
Published: October 2021

El pensamiento de Th. W. Adorno y su contribución a la teoría crítica de la sociedad tiene su núcleo central en la confrontación con la barbarie y en la reflexión teórica sobre las condiciones sociales que la hacen posible. 50 años después de su muerte su propuesta de crítica radical sigue dando que pensar y ofreciendo claves con las que enfrentarse a la crisis del presente.

The thought of Th. W. Adorno and his contribution to the critical theory of society has its central nucleus in the confrontation with barbarism and in the theoretical reflection on the social conditions that make it possible. Fifty years after his death, his proposal of a radical critique continues giving to think and keys with which to confront the crisis of the present.
El Estado y la nación en la era tecnológica
Authors: Gurrutxaga Abad Ander
Published: October 2021

En la actualidad, el momento histórico por el que atraviesa el Estado-Nación hay que entenderlo tomando en consideración los efectos combinados del proceso de globalización y el cambio tecnológico que tiene hoy su máximo exponente en lo que se ha llegado a denominar como la 4ª Revolución Industrial, junto al cansancio del Leviatán, provocado por la actividad irregular de más de tres siglos en los países del Centro Occidental. Mi tesis es que no se visualiza el final de los discursos nacionales ni la crisis de los referentes de la tradición estatal sino la configuración del poder político donde lo macro -grandes regiones políticas, organismos internacionales, corporaciones multinacionales-; lo meso (regiones y movimientos productos de la descentralización del poder político estatal o la contestación interna al centro político “incuestionable”); y lo micro poderes -regiones y nacionalidades “periféricas”- pugnan por la construcción de la geometría variable que presenta al poder político del Estado enclavado en múltiples redes que discurren por instituciones de países y regiones interdependientes.

At the moment, the historical period that the Nation-State is living must be understood taking into account the combined effects of the globalization process and the rapid technological change, that today has its greatest exponent in what has come to be called the 4th Industrial Revoluction, together with the the Fatigue of Leviathan, caused by the irregular activity of more than three centuries in the Western countries. The main argument is that we are not whitnessing the end of national discourses, nor the crisis of the traditional institutions of the State, but the configuration of a new distribution of political power. This new configuration is characterized by new correlations between the institutional forces at the macro level –large political regions, international organzation, multinational corporations–, the regionalization process at the meso level –the increasing relevance of regions resulting of the decentralization of the political and economical power of the State–, and the movements at the micro level –pheripheral regions and nationalities–. The result is a variable geometry that show us that the political power of the State is now embedded in a amplified network of institutions that are defining the capabilities of political action.
Characteristics and Efficiency of Service in Young Table Tennis Players
Authors: Đukić Branko , Ivanek Vladimir
Published: October 2021

The aim of this study was to determine the characteristics and efficiency of service in the best young table tennis players, as well as the existence of differences in service between young players of different ages. The research sample consisted of 18 matches (10 juniors, 8 cadets) at international tournaments in 2018 (ETTU Youth Top 10 in Portugal, European Youth Championship in Romania). The results of the analysis of the Hi-square independence test showed the existence of a statistically significant difference in the number of performed Forhand (FH) and Backhand (BH) short services in table tennis players. By 4.3%, more BH short services were recorded among juniors, while cadets significantly more used FH short services (3.5%) compared to older teammates. The research also proved the existence of a statistically significant difference in certain indicators of service efficiency. By 6.9%, Service without advantage is significantly higher among female cadets, and Service with acquired advantage is 5.9% higher among juniors. There is a difference in other indicators of service efficiency, but it is not statistically significant. Out of a total of 1450 services, only 1% of services were performed incorrectly.
Differences in Physical Activity Level Between 3rd and 4th Grade Pupils of Elementary School
Authors: Klaričić Ivana , Vidranski Tihomir , Cvitanović Matea
Published: October 2021

The aim of this research was to determine differences in physical activity (PA) level between 3rd grade pupils (3 lessons of PE per week) and 4th grade (2 lessons of PE per week) pupils of elementary school. Partial aims were refering to determine gender differences. The set of entities included 400 3rd and 4th grade pupils of elementary school. In the 3rd grade participated 200 pupils, 93 girls and 107 boys and in the 4th grade 200 pupils participated in the research, of which 102 girls and 98 boys. PA level was estimated by the croatian version of PAQ - C (Physical Activity Questionnaire for Children) which estimates overall weekly PA by summarising nine partial parameters of PA and PA occuring during PE lesson is one of them. Differences in level of overall PA between 3rd grade pupils and 4th grade pupils of elementary school were not determined. Also gender differences in level of overall PA (3rd or 4th grade pupils) were not determined. Only determined gender differences were the ones in some partial parameters of PA. According to the pupil’s average result during PE (4,60), conclusion is that pupils were active often or every time, whereby the purpose of the PE lesson is in large scale fullfilled. The future research need to upgrade questionnaires for estimation of physical activity level based on self-evaluation, also need to determine reasons of pupil’s insufficient levels of PA in some partial parameters of PA in order to raise level of overall PA.
Physical Activity of Students During the Pandemic of the Disease Covid-19
Authors: Antekolović Josipa , Kovačić Grgur
Published: October 2021

In mid-March of 2020, contact teaching at universities was interrupted due to the global pandemic of the disease COVID-19. While the teaching of Physical education took place online students were offered several assignments to fulfil their obligation to the course and try to stay physically active. The research was conducted on 166 participants from the student population of the University of Zagreb who, during the seventh week of online classes, filled out an online questionnaire related to physical activity and online teaching of physical education. The aim of the research was to determine whether there was a difference in the level of physical activity of students before and during the COVID-19 pandemic and whether there was a difference in the level of physical activity according to the gender of the research participants. Furthermore, to determine whether students had the desire to be physically active during the COVID-19 pandemic, whether they were satisfied with online teaching of physical education, and whether online teaching of physical education helped them stay physically active, and whether or not gender differences relevant to the research existed. Wilcoxon rank test demonstrated increased activity of research participants during the COVID-19 pandemic (z=-4.61, p=0.00) with no gender difference. As many as 94,6% of the research participants expressed a desire for physical activity during the pandemic, and 80,1% of them believed that online learning of physical education courses helped them in that goal. A significant difference between male and female students, in favour of female students, was obtained by the χ2 independence test, precisely for the question whether they believed that online teaching of physical education helped them remain physically active. A total of 85,5% of research participants stated they liked online learning. Digital technology in teaching physical education is welcome, but is in no way a substitute for contact teaching. It could be considered as a sort of an intervention which could occasionally be used to refer students towards online assignments during the course of the academic year to enable them to gather additional points and thus, encourage them to take on additional physical activity.
Opportunities for Improving Adult Education in the Republic of Srpska
Authors: Uremević Nina , Tatarević Senad
Published: October 2021

Continuing education of adults is becoming a condition for the survival and development of modern states. With development of science and technology, formal education, regardless of the level of the development achieved, becomes insufficient to follow modern social and technological trend. In this context, there is a need to acquire new knowledge that woud involve all participators in civil life on the path to successful accomplishment of their life missions. Acquiring and use of knowledge in adulthood improves human relations, raises economic growth, encourages employment, raises the quality of the environment, protects and promotes health, raises personal self-confidence, etc. These are the basic reason why modern democratic societies have agreed on the key goals and principles of adult education, as well as the role of education in individual and social development. Lifelong learning must be the guiding principle of education, as well as the foundation for the development of the individuals, social connections and employment. Adult education includes retraing, additional training, vocational training and other activities related to lifelong learning. Access to this education is not limited regardless of age. The realization of successful education requires the participation and responsibility of all partners: adults involved in education, parents, teachers, employers, unions, public institutions, charities and others. This work explores the goals and principles of the development of adult education, and the possibilities of its improvement in the Republic of Srpska as well as the limitations in the realization of the set educational goals. The work aims to point out the gap between offer and needs in labor market, on which future capacities in adult educatain should be based.
User Evaluation of Quality of Sports and Recreational Programs
Authors: Zrnić Radomir , Nešić Milan , Tešanović Gorana
Published: October 2021

Sports and recreational programs are an important segment of a healthy lifestyle with which health and work abilities can be prevented and improved. Regular and systematic practice of various sports and recreational programs enables a positive impact on several dimensions of quality of life such as physical, psychological, social, economic and spiritual wellness. This research was conducted in sports and recreational clubs using the survey method. The aim of the research was to assess satisfaction with the quality of performed recreational programs. On a sample of 328 respondents (M = 142; F = 186), aged 30 to +60 years, a questionnaire was used to assess the elements of program quality, and the obtained data were processed by descriptive and comparative statistics. The obtained results show that all seven elements of quality assessment of used sports and recreational programs have high average grades (above four), and among them with a zone of high intensity is the element “Total feeling of satisfaction after the program” (4,65) and the element “ Group atmosphere during the implementation of the program “(4,56). The results of the analysis of variance showed that women show significantly more intense expression of satisfaction resulting from participation in sports and recreational programs, and the evaluation of the program is most intensively assessed by respondents aged 30-40 (4,52).
Valorization of a Questionnaire Intended for Measuring the Quality of Dance Club Services
Authors: Srdić Velibor , Nešić Milan
Published: October 2021

Empirical transversal study was conducted with the aim of checking the validity of the questionnaire for measuring the quality of services in a dance club. The research sample consisted of a total of 194 respondents, users of the services of the Dance Club “Gemma” Banja Luka (active members). Subsampling was performed through two research areas: (1) in relation to gender (M = 31; F = 163) and (2) in relation to the user experience-length of training in the club (up to 1 year; from 1 to 3 years; from 3 to 7 years; more than 7 years). As a research instrument, a modified questionnaire SQKC (Service Quality of Karate Club) was used to assess the quality of services in the karate club, which in this case was used as a scale for individual assessment of the quality of sports services in the dance club and consists of 15 indicators of sports services. Respondents expressed their assessment by rounding off the numbers on a five-point Likert-type scale. The results obtained by surveying the respondents show that the club provides high quality services (average score 4.16). Discriminant analysis found that user experience and gender did not affect the perception of the quality of sports services. When identifying the internal agreement of the scale used, it was determined that the scale has good internal agreement (Cronbach’s Alpha =, 932), which indicates its good metric characteristics. The questionnaire used should also be checked at other dance clubs, and the good metric characteristics of the SQDC (Service Quality of Dance Club) questionnaire are expected to prove reliable.
Development of technology for the production of sausage produce using secondary collagen-containing raw materials
Authors: Gizatova Natalia , Gizatov Albert , Zubairova Liliya , Mironova Irina , Nigmatyanov Azat , Chernyshenko Yuliya , Pleshkov Alexey
Published: October 2021

One of the main requirements for modern technologies is to expand the range of meat products by creating combined products with a balanced composition of food and biologically active substances. The purpose of the study was to develop a technology for the production of such combined meat products. The research used secondary meat raw materials of the meat processing industry: horse meat, flank and other beef muscle tissue of the second grade, which, after fermentation by a consortium of microorganisms consisting of the following cultures: Lactobacillus bulgaricus, Bifidumbacterium siccum, Staphilococcus carnosus, were used instead of the main meat raw materials in the production of sausages. The following indicators of ready-prepared products were studied: organoleptic properties, chemical, vitamin and mineral composition, toxicity and harmlessness, storage duration. The results showed that the use of this consortium of microorganisms in the production of sausage products made it possible to use secondary collagen-containing raw materials for processing. The positive influence of the proposed biotechnological method of processing meat raw materials on the organoleptic, physical-chemical, structural-mechanical, microbiological characteristics and biological value of the finished product was revealed. It was found that the use of a consortium of microorganisms increased the quality of finished products. In addition, the proposed technology has the potential to reduce the cost of production and increase the share of waste-free production in the meat processing industry.
Characterization of total phenol and flavonoid contents, colour, functional properties from honey samples with different floral origins
Authors: Hernández-Fuentes Alma Delia , Chávez-Borges David , Cenobio-Galindo Antonio de Jesús , Zepeda-Velázquez Andrea Paloma , Figueira Ana Cristina , Jiménez-Alvarado Rubén , Campos-Montiel Rafael Germán
Published: October 2021

Honey has long been used as a food and has been reported to have potential health benefits. In this work, total phenol content, colour and antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities of honey samples of different floral origins from the State of Hidalgo, Mexico were explored using in vitro assays. Hepatoprotective activity was measured by inhibitition of β-glucuronidase; gastroprotective activity was determined by inhibition of urease; antioxidant activity was evaluated by 2,2'-Azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) and 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) methods. All the parameters showed significant differences (p<0.05) among honey samples. The total phenolic content ranged from 18.02 to 102.77 mg GAE 100 g-1. The colour ranged from extra light amber to dark amber. Inhibition of β-glucuronidase ranged from 23.70% to 36.00%, while urease inhibition ranged between 7.64% and 63.80%. The antioxidant activity by ABTS was between 44.68 and 441.56 mg AAE 100 g-1, and DPPH showed activities ranging from 35.64 to 573.06 mg AAE 100 g-1. All honey samples contained bioactive compounds and displayed functional properties; therefore, the honeys from this region of Mexico offer attractive characteristics for their potential use in the food industry.
Markov state models of proton- and pore-dependent activation in a pentameric ligand-gated ion channel
Authors: Bergh Cathrine , Heusser Stephanie A , Howard Rebecca , Lindahl Erik
Published: October 2021

Ligand-gated ion channels conduct currents in response to chemical stimuli, mediating electrochemical signaling in neurons and other excitable cells. For many channels, the details of gating remain unclear, partly due to limited structural data and simulation timescales. Here, we used enhanced sampling to simulate the pH-gated channel GLIC, and construct Markov state models (MSMs) of gating. Consistent with new functional recordings, we report in oocytes, our analysis revealed differential effects of protonation and mutation on free-energy wells. Clustering of closed- versus open-like states enabled estimation of open probabilities and transition rates, while higher-order clustering affirmed conformational trends in gating. Furthermore, our models uncovered state- and protonation-dependent symmetrization. This demonstrates the applicability of MSMs to map energetic and conformational transitions between ion-channel functional states, and how they reproduce shifts upon activation or mutation, with implications for modeling neuronal function and developing state-selective drugs.
Regulatory T-cells inhibit microglia-induced pain hypersensitivity in female mice
Authors: Kuhn Julia A , Vainchtein Ilia D , Braz Joao , Hamel Katherine , Bernstein Mollie , Craik Veronica , Dahlgren Madelene W , Ortiz-Carpena Jorge , Molofsky Ari B , Molofsky Anna V , Basbaum Allan I
Published: October 2021

Peripheral nerve injury-induced neuropathic pain is a chronic and debilitating condition characterized by mechanical hypersensitivity. We previously identified microglial activation via release of colony-stimulating factor 1 (CSF1) from injured sensory neurons as a mechanism contributing to nerve injury-induced pain. Here, we show that intrathecal administration of CSF1, even in the absence of injury, is sufficient to induce pain behavior, but only in male mice. Transcriptional profiling and morphologic analyses after intrathecal CSF1 showed robust immune activation in male but not female microglia. CSF1 also induced marked expansion of lymphocytes within the spinal cord meninges, with preferential expansion of regulatory T-cells (Tregs) in female mice. Consistent with the hypothesis that Tregs actively suppress microglial activation in females, Treg deficient (Foxp3DTR) female mice showed increased CSF1-induced microglial activation and pain hypersensitivity equivalent to males. We conclude that sexual dimorphism in the contribution of microglia to pain results from Treg-mediated suppression of microglial activation and pain hypersensitivity in female mice.
Biometric indices and population parameters of three polynemid fishes from Batang Lassa Estuary of East Malaysia
Authors: Mustafa M. Golam , Rajaee Amy Halimah , Hamli Hadi , A. Rahim Khairul Adha
Published: October 2021

The length-weight relationships (LWRs), condition factor (Kn), growth, mortality and exploitation status of three polynemid fishes,i.e.,Filimanus xanthonema(Valenciennes, 1831),Polynemus melanochir(Valenciennes, 1831) andPolynemus paradiseus(Linnaeus, 1758) from Batang Lassa River estuary were estimated. Fish samples were caught during April 2019 to September 2020 using the ESBN (locally calledGnian) having 1.25 to 4.00 cm mesh size. The total length (TL) and body weight of each individual fish was measured to the nearest 0.1 cm and 0.01 g respectively. The growth coefficients (b) forF. xanthonema,P. melanochirandP. paradiseus, were 2.880, 2.717 and 2.724 with theR2values 0.956, 0.972 and 0.936 respectively. Estimated growth coefficients indicated a negative allometric growth pattern for all three threadfin fishes. To date, information regarding length-weight relationships forF. xanthonemaandP. melanochiris insufficient whereas the information is available forP. paradiseus. About 40–48% of fishes exhibited flat or thin body shape (Kn < 1), 48–50% were rounded or fat (Kn > 1) and only 1–3% of fishes showed proportional body shape (Kn = 1). The growth parametersL∞,Kand ϕ’ were estimated at 15.75 cm, 0.95 yr−1and 2.37 forF. xanthonema;27.61 cm 0.87 yr−1and 2.82 forP. melanochir; and 27.30 cm, 0.58 yr−1and 2.64 forP. paradiseus;respectively. The estimated natural mortality (M) included 2.10, 1.69 and 1.30 yr−1; the fishing mortality (F) 0.57, 0.67 and 0.60 yr−1; and exploitation ratio (E) 0.21, 0.28 and 0.31 forF. xanthonema, P. melanochirandP. paradiseusrespectively. The study concluded that the stocks are still under exploitation (E < 0.5) condition. However, the studied Batang Lassa estuary could be a potential nursery ground considering the minimum lengths of 5.0, 3.8 and 4.0 cm forF. xanthonema, P. melanochirandP. paradiseusrespectively. Therefore, management initiatives are needed to escape juvenile catches.
NIRAGNI UPANAHA IN THE MANAGEMENT OF VATAKANTAKA: A CASE STUDY
Authors: T K Dhanasree , Krishnan Shaiju
Published: October 2021

Vatakantaka is one among the Aseethi Vata vikaras explained as a painful condition of the heel caused by its improper placement of the foot on the ground. Vatakantaka is seen as a common disease condition during these days and affects approximately 10% of the population. It is a condition that hinders day to day activities of the patient due to thorny pain in the foot. A diagnosed case of Vatakantaka came with complaints of pain within the heel and sides of the heel of the right foot for 5 months. There was no history of falls or trauma and other systemic illness. Positive family history was noted. Vatakantaka is a Sweda Sadhya Vyadhi and Upanaha is one among the classical line of treatment mentioned by Acharya Susrutha when Vata is vitiated in Snayu Sandi and Asthi. Vata getting localized in the Gulpha (ankle joint) and produces pain in the heel region. So Niragni Upanaha with Godhumadi yoga is administered continuous 7 days. Duration is 12 hours. The clinical features like heel pain and stiffness got relieved markedly on the 4th day itself. After the treatment, the patient got significant relief from symptoms. Upanaha is a type of Ekanga Sweda, and it induces sweating and brings Doshavilayana. It helps in reducing Vata dosha, Shoola, and Stambha
PHARMACEUTICAL STUDY OF MUTTA TAILA
Authors: V M Amalendu , Krishnamurthy M S , K R Soumya
Published: October 2021

Sahasrayoga is a popular book on the Keraleeya tradition of Ayurvedic treatment. Sahasrayogam means one thousand formulations and on a rough estimate, it appears that the number of formulations varies from 700 to 1200 in various versions. It also appears that the number of formulations has been added periodically to the original text based on their practical experiences, which increased the total number of formulations. Mutta Taila is an Ayurvedic medicated oil mentioned in classical text Sahasrayoga in which the ingredients are egg yolks, Kumari and Nimba Taila. It is also mentioned in Siddha medicine in the name of Anda Taila by Abdulla Sahib’s Anubhava Vaidhya Navaneedham. This preparation is used in the treatment of Sanniroga (Delirium), fever with sluggishness, convulsions, and paralysis in children. It is also indicated in cerebral palsy. In the present study, a step is made to do the pharmaceutical preparation of Mutta Taila. An attempt has been made to do the pharmaceutical study of Mutta Taila. Mutta Taila was prepared as per the traditional method and evaluated for its organoleptic characteristics. The final product of Mutta Taila was having the desired consistency and quality. The yield of Mutta Taila was less with more quantity of egg yolks. The importance of adding Nimba Taila in the process of Mutta Taila preparation was discussed. In the present study, the detailed pharmaceutical process of Mutta Taila preparation and observations with changes observed in physical parameters has been discussed.