bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
REFLECTION OF SELF-IDENTIFICATION STRATEGIES IN LEV TOLSTOY'S DIARY FOR 1907-1908
Authors:   Tula State Lev Tolstoy Pedagogical University, GRIGORIY V. TOKAREV
Published: October 2021

The article is devoted to the study of Leo Tolstoy’s diary of in the aspect of self-identification of his personality. The paper considers diary entries for 1907-1908. It is revealed that the diary was not a form of exclusively autocommunication, since the writer understood that the diary would have its own reader. The diary pays much attention to such aspects as self-esteem, self-identification. Self-identification refers to the process of self-analysis, the result of which is the categorization of one's personality in a coordinate system known to a person. The results of self-identification can be verbalized in various ways. Propositions that reflect these processes have the form I am X. Objectification of identification processes is implemented by different communication strategies, which are understood as a way to achieve the goals of communication. The communicative strategy is determined on the basis of the analysis of the communicative purpose of the utterance, as well as the linguistic means of its implementation. The paper identifies the following communicative strategies and their corresponding identification propositions: setting goals for self-improvement - I am an imperfect person; age identification - I am an old but happy person; self-deprecation - I am an insignificant person; identification with other people - I am the same as everyone else; attitude to God - I am part of God; relations with family members - I am a stranger in my family. Tolstoy's diaries are characterized by analyticism. The study of communicative strategies in the diary of Leo Tolstoy demonstrates their interrelation and determinism. The highlighted strategies reflect Tolstoy's desire for spiritual self-improvement and unity with God.
CONTRAST AS A FEATURE OF THE KARACHAY-BALKAR PROSE OF THE FIRST HALF OF THE XX CENTURY (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE WORK OF S. KHOCHUEV)
Authors:   Kabardian-Balkarian Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, FATIMA T. UZDENOVA , HANNFA M. TEPPEEVA ,   Kabardian-Balkarian Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: October 2021

The article is devoted to one of the stable parameters of the aesthetic thinking of the Karachai-Balkarian people - the desire for absolute statues of what is described in literary texts. Using the example of S. Khochuev's creativity, the process of axiological identification of the heroes of Karachai-Balkarian prose at the initial stage of its development is considered and a conclusion is drawn about the extremely stable nature of the modal definitions of national writers. This situation is explained by the obvious continuity: the standards of epic positioning of heroes of solar and chthonic origin in folklore remained in demand at the initial stages of the development of national literature, which developed during this period due to the understanding of problems of a class-ideological nature and needed systems of clear distinction and identification of heroes.
A VARIANT OF THE ALGORITHM FOR GENERATING PSEUDO-RANDOM BINARY SEQUENCES BASED ON THE PROPERTIES OF LINEAR CELLULAR AUTOMATA
Authors:   Southwest State University, ELENA A. KULESHOVA , ANATOLY L. MARUKHLENKO ,   Southwest State University, VYACHESLAV P. DOBRITSA ,   Southwest State University, MAXIM O. TANYGIN ,   Southwest State University, ALEXEY V. PLUGATAREV ,   Southwest State University
Published: October 2021

The article is devoted to the development of a linear system for generating a pseudo-random sequence based on cellular automata, the development of a model for several generators of nonlinear pseudo-random sequences with practical applications in symmetric data transformation systems. Such a model generates all solutions to linear binary difference equations. It is important to note that many of these solutions are pseudo-random keystream sequences. In the process of developing a linear system based on cellular automata, two main structures are considered: linear difference equations and one-dimensional linear hybrid cellular automata. This article shows that all solutions to linear binary difference equations can be implemented using linear models based on cellular automata using the "rule 90" and "rule 150". A model for generating pseudo-random bit sequences has been developed, which is most applicable in communication systems with a high transmission rate. The main difference of this model is that it is built on an exclusively sequential concatenation of a basic linear automaton, which determines the simplicity of the proposed model. Also, an algorithm for controlling the integrity and authenticity of block data was proposed based on the proposed algorithm for generating a pseudo-random sequence. The practical significance lies in the fact that the proposed model is simple and can be applied in information security systems in practice, including in authentication and data integrity control systems.
INTERSUBJECTIVE INTERACTION AS A SOURCE OF DESTRUCTIVE INFLUENCES ON THE SUBJECT OF CRITICAL INFORMATION INFRASTRUCTURE
Authors:   Russian Technological University MIREA, ELENA A. MAKSIMOVA , NATALYA P. SADOVNIKOVA ,   Volgograd State Technical University
Published: October 2021

With the introduction of No. 187-FL in 2017, new priorities have been identified in the Russian Federation at the level of ensuring the stability and information security of society and the state as a whole. The issues of the security of the functioning of the subjects of the critical information infrastructure (CII) are identified as priorities. However, regulatory legal acts introduced on this issue are considered without a methodological assessment of intersubjective interaction at the level of the CII. At the same time, not taking this factor into account when building a security system at CII facilities reduces its effectiveness, brings a destructive effect to the system and can be considered as a vulnerability at the infrastructure level. In this article, the elements of the methodological basis for considering intersubjective interaction as a source of destructive influence on the subject of critical information infrastructure are proposed. The result of the analysis of the types of intersubjective relationships within the areas of functioning of the CII.
AUTOMATION OF ELECTRONIC-PRINTING OFFICE WORK WITH THE DOCUMENTS IDENTIFICATION AND VERIFICATION
Authors:   Saint-Petersburg State Institute of Technology, DMITRIY N. PETROV , ANDREY N. LUTSKO ,   Saint-Petersburg State Institute of Technology
Published: October 2021

In the article the problem of electronic-printing office work, the documents identification and verification has been reviewed and analyzed. The technical feasibility of using algorithms for handwriting recognition, artificial intelligence and cryptography in electronic-printing office work has been substantiated. Authors are suggest an automated processing method of a paper document verification of its electronic counterpart authenticity. The algorithm of the alternative four-stage life cycle of the document and the method of its verification with the manual operations reduction and machine input are presented in detail. The structure of the integrated subsystem of machine input and documents verification used in the Edinaja informacionnaja sistema «Elektronniy Universitet» of an educational institution is presented. The results of the document automated processing and protection with training a multilayer convolutional neural network using the example of intermediate certification sheets were obtained. The possibility of applying the described methodology to strict reporting of a fixed structure documents with handwritten filling has been proved.
CLASSIFICATION OF ATTACK MECHANISMS AND RESEARCH OF PROTECTION METHODS FOR SYSTEMS USING MACHINE LEARNING AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ALGORITHMS
Authors:   Kuban State Technological University, ILYA V. VOLODIN , MICHAEL M. PUTYATO ,   Kuban State Technological University, ALEXANDER S. MAKARYAN ,   Kuban State Technological University, VYACHESLAV YU. EVGLEVSKY ,   Kuban State Technological University
Published: October 2021

This article provides a complete classification of attacks using artificial intelligence. Three main identified sections were considered: attacks on information systems and computer networks, attacks on artificial intelligence models (poisoning attacks, evasion attacks, extraction attacks, privacy attacks), attacks on human consciousness and opinion (all types of deepfake). In each of these sections, the mechanisms of attacks were identified and studied, in accordance with them, the methods of protection were set. In conclusion, a specific example of an attack using a pretrained model was analyzed and protected against it using the method of modifying the input data, namely, image compression in order to get rid of extraneous noise.
QUATERNION-BASED ATTITUDE CONTROL OF HIGHLY MANEUVERABLE UNMANNED UNDERWATER VEHICLE
Authors:   Moscow State Technical University N.E. Bauman, EKATERINA A. GAVRILINA , VADIM V. VELTISHEV ,   Moscow State Technical University N.E. Bauman
Published: October 2021

Traditionally, unmanned underwater vehicles are operated at low angles of inclination (pitch and roll). However, there are tasks that require high maneuverability and controllability of the underwater vehicle in the entire range of orientation angles. At the same time, traditional control systems use the Euler angles and have limitations associated with the degeneration of the kinematic equations at a picth angle of ± 90 °, the problem of the non-uniqueness of the Euler angles, and the deterioration of the system performance at large inclinations of the vehicle. Thus, the question of developing a synthesis method for a control system for highly maneuverable unmanned underwater vehicles arises. The paper provides a review and comparative analysis of existing approaches to attitude control, on the basis of which an approach using quaternions is chosen. The law of attitude control based on quaternions was approved during field tests on a hybrid unmanned underwater vehicle "Iznos", developed at Bauman Moscow State Technical University. The results obtained during the tests are given in the article. The quaternion-based approach has better performance in comparison with the traditional control system. In addition, control system based on quaternion approach has a simple structure and can be used to increase the maneuverability of unmanned underwater vehicles with average requirements for positioning accuracy.
METHODOLOGY FOR ESTIMATING THE DELAY TIME FOR SOLVING THE PROBLEM OF CLUSTERIZATION OF BORROWERS OF MICROFINANCE ORGANIZATIONS
Authors:   Astrakhan State University, BULAT R. DOSMUKHAMEDOV , VALENTINA YU. KUZNETSOVA ,   Astrakhan State University
Published: October 2021

The article discusses the problem of insufficient information content of the classification of borrowers of microfinance organizations, proposed by the Central Bank, depending on the duration of their debt. It is shown that this solution does not allow to adequately take into account the weak formalizability of the process of assessing the creditworthiness of companies providing microcredit services in the Russian market in online and offline modes. The authors carried out a statistical analysis, which showed that it is expedient from the point of view of profitability, as well as the profitability of the loan portfolio, to cluster borrowers according to their level of financial responsibility. For this, the authors proposed a methodology for estimating the delay period of potential borrowers based on expert information.
MODERN ISSUES OF EVAPORITE FORMATION IN THE GEOLOGICAL HISTORY OF THE EARTH
Authors:   Astrakhan State University, INNA V. BYSTROVA , TATYANA S. SMIRNOVA ,   Astrakhan State University
Published: October 2021

The relevance of the work. The geochemical specificity of the underground hydrosphere is extremely varied in composition brines and salt waters, which are characteristic of platform-type sedimentary basins with halogen formations. Therefore, elucidation of the origin, formation and distribution patterns of salt-bearing rocks is one of the fundamental problems of modern theoretical geology of oil and gas. The purpose of this work is to analyze the features of the formation of evaporites in the geological history of the Earth. The high importance of scientific and applied problems of "salt" geology and the wide interest in this problem are traditionally determined by the needs for various halurgic raw materials, as well as their close ties with the interests of many disciplines (hydrogeochemistry, studies of mineral deposits, oil and gas geology, etc.). The work reveals the possibility of using data on modern halogenesis to decipher the conditions and patterns of ancient salt accumulation in different geological periods, ranging from relatively young to the most ancient; in identifying the relationship and relationship of continental and marine halogenesis in different geological epochs; Conclusions : The regularities of the distribution and formation of salt-bearing rocks have been revealed, and the possibility of their use as sources of hydromineral raw materials has been determined.
REGIONAL GEOLOGICAL STUDIES OF DOME-SHAPED UPLIFTS OF THE TARIM SEDIMENTARY BASIN
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, LYUBOV V. GLEBOVA , QINGYUAN CHI ,   Astrakhan State University, ANDREY O. SEREBRYAKOV ,   Astrakhan State University
Published: October 2021

He regional geological study of the Tarim sedimentary basin, located in the tectonic zone of the Donkhetang fault, is of national interest. The Tarim sedimentary basin is an ultradeep and complex basin. A number of anticline structures are confined to the central part of the Tabei uplift. In the structure of the tectonic belt, two inversion faults take part, with the formation of a structural nose. Domed uplifts lie at a depth of 6000 meters, the thickness of the prospective layers reaches 20 meters. Combining regional geological studies and the results of sedimentary facies studies, the rocks of the prospective formations are a transgressively controlled sandstone layer, which uses the environment of deltaic sediments as a background. Based on the results of modern sedimentary studies, the characteristics of the Donghae sandstone are analyzed. To study the Tarim sedimentary basin, a complex of regional studies related to the geological study, the tectonic structure of the region, lithological-stratigraphic studies, sequence-stratigraphic studies, studies of the physical and reservoir properties of rocks, regional studies of the thickness, uniformity and strike of the studied layers was carried out. The main target objects are a group of reservoirs of the Jurassic and Carboniferous periods. Proven geological reserves of oil and gas have been recorded in the Tarim sedimentary basin.
RESULTS OF REGIONAL STUDIES OF THE GEOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF THE NORTHERN CASPIAN SEA
Authors:   Astrakhan State University, NADEZHDA F. FEDOROVA
Published: October 2021

The relevance of the work: due to the scientific justification of the results of regional studies on the geological structure of the northern water area of the Caspian Sea, using the latest data of geological and geophysical materials. The purpose of the study is to analyze the materials of field geophysical studies and drilling data of search and evaluation wells for the geological study of this territory. The methodology of the study was carried out on the basis of data processing of field geophysics materials - seismic, gravity and well drilling. Results. The author summarized the extensive material obtained in the course of geological exploration in the northern water area of the Caspian Sea, which allowed us to study and give a general idea of its deep structure. Conclusions. The geological and geophysical study of the water area of the Russian sector of the Caspian Sea is characterized by large-scale geological exploration. When solving the problems made a significant amount of synthesis of scientific research and analysis geological and geophysical data to assess the hydrocarbon potential of the studied region. This allowed for the first time in the studied part of the water area to form a single information space for building a detailed seismogeological model. Based on the results of these works, the geological and tectonic structure of this area was clarified, and a number of promising structural objects were identified.
SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND NATURAL FACTORS OF ECOTOURISM DEVELOPMENT ON HYDROLOGICAL OBJECTS OF SPECIALLY PROTECTED NATURAL TERRITORIES OF THE VOLGA BASIN
Authors:   Astrakhan State University, MARINA S. BEZUGLOVA , GALINA V. KRYZHANOVSKAYA ,   Astrakhan State University, IRINA S. SHAROVA ,   Astrakhan State University, INNA V. BUZYAKOVA ,   Moscow State University of Civil Engineering
Published: October 2021

Today, geoecological factors directly affect eco-tourism, which plays a significant role in the global tourism and hospitality industry. In the twenty-first century, the pace of development of eco-tourism will increase, and this will stimulate socio-economic growth in certain regions. Using an integrated approach to the study of issues related to the development of ecotourism, it is possible to develop a list of measures aimed at intensifying the process of ecotourism. The purpose of the work. The study of geoecological and socio-economic factors of ecotourism development is an important direction in the sustainable development of the territory. In this regard, the purpose of the work is to conduct a multifactor analysis of the protected areas of the Volga basin in the conditions of using the studied territory for ecofriendly tourist purposes. Methods and methodology of the work. The paper uses comparative and descriptive methods of analyzing the scientific literature on the problems of research, as well as the method of determining the strengths and weaknesses of ecotourism in the hydrological objects of protected areas of the Astrakhan region, the opportunities and threats of ecotourism development in the territories adjacent to the lake. Baskunchak and within the Volga-Akhtuba floodplain. The results of the work and the scope of their application. For a more detailed consideration of the prospects for the development of ecological tourism at hydrological facilities in the territory of the protected areas, using the example of the lake. Baskunchak conducted a SWOT analysis, which is one of the universal tools for analyzing the situation in the tourism industry, and it can be effectively used to develop a strategy for the development of eco-tourism in the region. Conclusions. On the territory of protected areas, it is possible to introduce eco-tourism, which can ensure the best preservation of natural resources, stimulate the development of other industries, more effectively use the natural resources of protected areas, which will eventually lead to the development of the region's economy, increase the wellbeing and environmental education of local residents.
RESEARCH OF METEOROLOGICAL AND HYDROLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF THE CAUCASUS REGION
Authors:   Kabardino-Balkar State Mountain Reserve, ZHANNA CH. BOZIEVA , ELEONORA A. AGOEVA ,   Kabardino-Balkar State Mountain Reserve, ABDULLAX B. ITTIEV ,   Kabardino-Balkar State Mountain Reserve
Published: October 2021

The negative effects of global climate change and the impact of rising surface air temperatures are already evident. Among the many echoes of these processes are the melting of glaciers, the reduction of the ice cover of the northern seas, the gradual disappearance of permafrost, sea level rise, soil erosion, and extreme weather events such as floods, hurricanes, droughts, and forest fires. As a result, the world's freshwater resources, public health and the well-being of the environment are under threat. Annually renewable fresh water resources, represented by the annual flow of rivers, are of undoubted value. Our goal was to identify the relationship of meteorological parameters, such as surface air temperature and precipitation in the high-altitude region of the Central Caucasus, with water consumption in the lowland territory of the Caucasus on the example of the river.Terek (art. Kotlyarevskaya). These studies are particularly valuable from the point of view of the relationship between climate change and its further impact on the hydrological cycle of the lowland regions of the Caucasus. In the course of the research, the relationship was revealed, indicating that the distribution of river flow over the territory of the Caucasus corresponds to the distribution of the annual amounts of surface air temperature and the annual amounts of atmospheric precipitation.
GEO-ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING OF THE AIR ENVIRONMENT OF THE URBAN AGGLOMERATIONS
Authors:   Voronezh State Pedagogical University, LYDIA A. MEZHOVA , EKATERINA A. MIKHEEVA ,   Voronezh State Pedagogical University, ILYA E. KUZNETSOV ,   Air Force Academy named after Prof. N. E. Zhukovsky and Yu. A. Gagarin, ALEXANDER T. KOZLOV ,   Air Force Academy named after Prof. N. E. Zhukovsky and Yu. A. Gagarin, MIKHAIL E. SEMENOV ,   Air Force Academy named after Prof. N. E. Zhukovsky and Yu. A. Gagarin, DMITRY V. GOTSEV ,   Air Force Academy named after Prof. N. E. Zhukovsky and Yu. A. Gagarin
Published: October 2021

The article investigates the problems of geoecological impact of radon irradiation on human life within the agglomeration. The World Health Organization considers radon to be an element with latent carcinogenic properties. Currently, determining radon hazards at the regional level is a complex problem. Regional radon monitoring has not developed a geo-ecological strategy for assessing the complex impact of the radon hazard of residential premises. The statistical materials of Rospotrebnadzor and experimental geophysical researches of radon content in inhabited rooms and soil air are used. The purpose of the research is the development of geoecological approach for estimation of radon hazard of the dwelling premises surveyed in the territory of Voronezh and Voronezh region. The collected bank of information about radon concentration in the dwelling premises was subjected to statistical analysis on the basis of which the degree of their radon protection was found out.
GEOECOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF CHANGES IN ROCK PROPERTIES UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF TECHNOGENIC FACTORS
Authors:   Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, TATYANA S. ALYOSHINA , NIKOLAY A. PLATOV ,   Moscow State University of Civil Engineering
Published: October 2021

Technogenic impact on the geological environment inevitably leads to a change in the properties of rocks. Engineering structures quite often directly interact with rocks, therefore, reliable determination of their properties is an urgent task in construction. From a practical point of view, knowledge of not only the physical and mechanical properties of rocks, but also their characteristics in contact with technogenic impact is of great interest. This determines the relevance of studying the characteristics of changes in the properties of rocks under the influence of technogenic factors. The aim of the work is to consider the issues of changing the properties of rocks under the influence of technogenic factors of the geological environment. Technogenic impact on the geological environment is classified according to various criteria, and is divided into global, zonal, regional and local categories. The authors rightly give preference to the following operating factors: pressure, fluctuations in the stress state, hydrogeological conditions, changes in the composition of groundwater, etc. Particular attention is paid to rock swelling, rock salinization and the influence of various microorganisms on rocks. In the article of the above authors, it is proposed to consider in detail the orohydrographic conditions of the studied geological environment, geomorphological conditions of the territory, geological structure, hydrogeological conditions (upstream, groundwater, interstratal waters), geo-dynamic conditions (all processes and phenomena expressed in a given territory), as well as to study the composition (mineral, granulometric, chemical), the state of rocks (moisture, density, porosity) and properties of rocks (strength, deformation and geological) - for a comprehensive assessment of the surrounding geological environment. Attention is also paid to the dynamic impact, i. e. the factors of liquefaction, thixotropy and other soil deformations are given.
GEOLOGICAL RISKS WHEN OPENING FRACTURED, CAVERNOUS AND HIGHLY POROUS ROCKS
Authors:   Astrakhan State University, LYUBOV F. USHIVTSEVA
Published: October 2021

Geological conditions (presence of highly porous, fractured and cavernous rocks in the section) and technological parameters have a significant impact on the occurrence of various complications during well construction. The most frequent complications, which are recorded in almost all oil and gas provinces, include absorption of flushing fluid (circulating drilling fluid). In the process of uncovering the rocks composing the section, their equilibrium is disturbed. As you know, the stability of rocks depends on their strength characteristics, change over time under the influence of various factors: tectonic movements, secondary processes (leaching, dolomitization, calcification), opening of mine workings. Geoecological risks arise in the presence of fractured, cavernous and highly porous formations in the geological section, zones of tectonic fracturing, faults and traps (Eastern Siberia). These risks are expressed in absorption of flushing fluid used during construction of wells; rock falls, water and oil and gas occurrences, open fountains. Scientific novelty. In order to prevent these complications it is necessary to correctly select recipe of used flushing fluids, their treatment with different chemical reagents. Among technological factors causing geological risks one may mention high density of circulating and cementing solutions, speed of their pumping, rheological properties, lowering-raising operations, violation of technological mode and others. Conclusions . Absorption elimination is carried out by colmatation of complication intervals with solid particles (colmatants), special inert fillers, plugging mixtures, reduction of solution density, installation of cement bridges, which do not always give positive results.
ASSIMILATION CAPACITY OF THE MARGINAL FILTER OF THE ECOSYSTEM OF THE ESTUARINE COAST OF THE VOLGA
Authors:   Caspian Marine Scientific Research Center, DIANA R. SVETASHEVA , VITALY O. TATARNIKOV ,   Caspian Marine Scientific Research Center, MAXIM A. OCHERETNY ,   Caspian Marine Scientific Research Center
Published: October 2021

According to the data of long-term observations, the assessment of the degree of impact of copper and zinc on the ecosystem of the shallow part of the estuarine coast of the Volga River was carried out. There are the ideas of the marginal filter and the assimilation capacity were used in the article. The calculation of the assimilation capacity for a marginal filter significantly based on the dimensional characteristics, such as the estuarine region of the Volga River, was carried out at several points located within the estuarine seashore. In this work the century-old sections of the state observation network were used. It can be seen from the calculated data that the value of the assimilation capacity is subject to significant intra-and inter-annual fluctuations. The main parameter determining the volume of the assimilation capacity of copper and zinc is fairly called the flow of the Volga River. According to the results of the study, it can be argued that the observed level of copper and zinc runoff into the Caspian Sea is completely assimilated in the shallow part of the seashore.
DEVELOPMENT OF MARINE HYDROCARBON RESOURCES USING UNDERWATER PRODUCTION SYSTEMS
Authors:   Astrakhan State University, KIRILL V. DEDOV , ANDREY O. SERGEEV ,   Astrakhan State University, ANDREY O. SEREBRYAKOV ,   Astrakhan State University
Published: October 2021

The paper examines the marine resources of hydrocarbons and their development by underwater extraction, substantiates the relevance and prospects of marine technology. The article presents innovative devices for oceanological underwater mining. The characteristics of the types of marine underwater equipment are given and the factors influencing the development and selection of innovative technical structures in the water areas are investigated.
GEOECOLOGICAL STATE OF THE NATURAL ENVIRONMENT IN THE AREA OF THE ZHENIS OIL AND GAS SECTION OF THE CASPIAN SHELF ZONE
Authors:   Astrakhan State University, LARISA A. MOROZOVA , ALTYNGANYM Z. KARABAYEVA ,   Astrakhan State University
Published: October 2021

Energy is considered one of the key factors of human development, providing the necessary conditions for its existence and vital activity, the degree of material and economic well-being. The leading position among fuel and energy resources at the present time belongs to oil, as the most productive energy carrier. Overcoming the current economic crisis is associated with an increase in global demand for black gold and an increase in the pace of its production. The involvement of ever-increasing volumes of hydrocarbon resources in production circulation reduces their reserves and leads to the need for exploration and development of ever-new deposits. It is a well-known fact that since the peak of the formation of geological exploration in the 60s of the XX century to the present period, the number of discovered deposits on the onshore part is steadily decreasing, and the number of developments on the shelf is increasing. The offshore zone of the Caspian Sea is a very promising region for the production of hydrocarbons, where the richest deposits have been explored and exploited. However, oil production at sea is much more difficult, more expensive than on land and involves significant environmental risk. The most important tool of environmental protection activities used almost all over the world is an environmental assessment based on a comprehensive analysis of the most likely impact of the proposed activity on the environment. This procedure is carried out in order to establish the compliance of the planned economic activity with environmental requirements and to determine the admissibility of the implementation of the object and to prevent possible negative impacts of this activity on the environment and the associated social, economic, environmental and other consequences. The constant increase in demand for hydrocarbon resources and their involvement in economic turnover, as well as the reduction of reserves and environmental risks associated with their production and exploitation of deposits have determined the relevance of this article. The purpose of the work was to identify the features of the current ecological state of the marine environment in the water area of the planned development of hydrocarbon deposits.
Legal and Regulatory Reform of Value-Added Taxation in the People’s Republic of China and the Republic of India: Trends and Characteristics
Authors: Bachurin D.
Published: October 2021

Value-added taxation is a multidimensional theoretical, ﬁscal and legal structure. It also serves as a tool for the practical transformation of political, legal and socio-economic relations. The objective of the research is to study new concepts of value-added taxation formed in the two largest BRICS economies (the People’s Republic of China and the Republic of India). The assumption is that not only “European” model of the legal regulation of VAT can be successful, but alternatively “Chinese” and “Indian models.” The author examines and evaluates changes in the legal structure of value added tax in general, and its elements focusing on the current stage of legal regulation of national systems of VAT (GST) in China and India. In addition, the political, legal, social and economic eﬀects of the legal mechanism of VAT (GST) in China and India from 2017 to 2020 are demonstrated.
Multiparty Mediation as Solution for Urban Conﬂicts: A Case Analysis from Brazil
Authors: Ferreira D. B. , Severo L.
Published: October 2021

Social conﬂicts are becoming more complex every day and, therefore, the development of alternative forms of conﬂict resolution is necessary in view of the limited role of the Judiciary. With this, mediation gains more space in Brazil and in the world through the 2019 Singapore Convention on Mediation. Mediation is beneﬁcial in the urban context to stimulate the population’s participation and guarantee legitimacy at diﬀerent levels of power. It enables public and private convergences, better public interest comprehension about the best way of life in cities and enhanced democratic management due to better dialogue and cooperation with the public administration. Mediation focuses on the interventions’ reasons, the role of those involved in the process, welcoming the urban conﬂict with its peculiarities. It promotes the constitutional principles of democracy, paciﬁcation, solidarity, dignity, autonomy of will, speed and popular participation in the administration of Justice. However, in urban conﬂicts, which involve public administration and a multiplicity of parts, it is often necessary to apply collective or multiparty mediation. Thus, the article’s main objective is to address the eﬀectiveness of multiparty mediation as a solution to urban conﬂicts through the analysis of 5 (ﬁve) concrete cases mediated at the Judicial Dispute Resolution Centers – CEJUSC of the Rio Grande State Court of Justice of the South in Brazil. In the ﬁrst step, a theoretical-descriptive analysis of multiparty mediation in Brazil and the mediator’s role is carried out. In a second step, we will perform the analysis of practical cases to reach the appropriate conclusions.
Legal Deﬁnition of Irresistible Force in the Civil Law of Russia and China
Authors: Zimneva S. , Popova T. , Siao H.
Published: October 2021

The research focus is on concept of force majeure and irresistible force as a reason to release the parties from liability for failure to perform civil obligations. The authors examine theoretical concept and legal deﬁnition of “irresistible force” and its characteristics based on legislation, legal literature and judicial practice of the Russian Federation and the People’s Republic of China. Also, the authors analyze the civil law jurisdictions on irresistible force, relatively to its ambiguity and situation with the spread of the new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) and come to the conclusion that courts in each speciﬁc case should establish irresistible force circumstances. The work uses a linguistic (philological) method, in particular, the method of distributive analysis of the terms “irresistible force” and “force majeure.” The article shows that in modern Russian law the expression “irresistible force circumstances” has more eﬃcient terminological potential. The authors propose implementation of “irresistible force circumstances” concept in the Russian Civil Code, which would more accurately reﬂect the essence of this concept.
Personnel training in digital logistics and supply chain management
Authors: Parkhaev A. A. , Mekhedov M. I. , Khomov A. V. , Anokhov I. V.
Published: October 2021

The system of training personnel in the field of logistics and supply chain management is currently experiencing an increasing impact of digitalization. The object of the research is the current state of this system in Russia.It is claimed that digitalization will change the requirements for personnel involved in logistics, so the appearance of a new position — administrator of digital logistics and supply chain management (administrator of material flows digitalization) — seems logical.To assess the consequences of digitalization of the personnel training system, the methodology of the theory of inventive problem solving was used. In accordance with this methodology, the subjects of the Russian education system are distinguished that perform the following functions: “calculator” (Ministry of Education and Science, etc.), “source of energy” (institutions of preschool, secondary and additional education), “engine” (institutions of secondary specialized and higher education), “transmission” (organizations for the employment of specialists in the field of logistics), “working body” (enterprises and organizations in which logistics specialists work).Quantitative dependencies and models are proposed for assessing the effectiveness of the Russian system of personnel training in the field of logistics and supply chain management. The performance of each element of the personnel training system has been determined. It is stated that this system does not fully meet the needs of the market and the expectations of students, and also indirectly inhibits the transition from competition between individual manufacturers to competition in supply chains, thereby holding back the development of the Russian economy.
Teachers and bully teenagers in the Saudi society
Authors:   Department of Social Sciences, College of Arts, University of Ha’il, Ha’il, Saudi Arabia, et al. Zidi
Published: October 2021

The aim of this work was studying the problem of bullying among adolescent pupils from the teachers' perspective in Ha’il, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). It also attempted to describe the characteristics of bullies and their victims. The objective of the study was to identify how Saudi teachers diagnose the problem of school bullying and deal with it. The study used both diagnostic and descriptive methods. A survey was conducted in public education schools. The sample of this study consisted of 346 male teachers. The researchers used the Richard Geiger equation to determine the size of the study sample individuals and determine the targeted sample size. The results of the study show that from the teacher's point of view, bullying follows a pattern that reaches its peak at the middle school stage, when the students are in their teens, and then it tends to decrease by the end of high school years. The effects of bullying deeply influence the future of the victims. Further, the sample of the study considered the factors outside the school environment, associated with the social environment in general, to be the main motivations and causes of school bullying. The results of the study are consistent with the studies that identify the serious effects that bullying has on its victims including shame, introversion, fear, and learning difficulties, and show that bullies deliberately challenge moral obligation and transgress social norms and consider them as motivation and justification for bullying. The results of the current study are also in line with what other studies have confirmed that teachers are essential actors in the educational process who can play a crucial role in diagnosing and addressing the problem of bullying. The advantages of controlling peer-to-peer conflict are limited as compared to understanding and directing the very nature of adolescence and the peer culture. The study recommends training programs for the teachers and supervisors. Sports, cultural and recreational activities must be given prime importance. Further, scientific research and monitoring centers should be funded so that this problem can be handled effectively.
Exercise and Creatine Supplementation to Augment the Adaptation of Exercise Training Among Breast Cancer Survivors Completing Chemotherapy: Protocol for an Open-label Randomized Controlled Trial (the THRIVE Study)
Authors: Patel Darpan I , Gonzalez Angela , Moon Crisann , Serra Monica , Bridges Preston Blake , Hughes Daniel , Clarke Geoffrey , Kilpela Lisa , Jiwani Rozmin , Musi Nicolas
Published: October 2021

Background

In breast cancer survivors, chemotherapy-induced muscle loss has been shown to be attenuated with structured resistance exercise. Creatine supplementation can increase bioenergetics in skeletal muscle, which helps to improve overall strength and endurance and reduce muscular fatigue. Therefore, we hypothesize that adding creatinine supplementation to exercise training will accelerate improvements in strength, endurance, and bioenergetics in breast cancer survivors.

Objective

The primary objective is to determine the effects of combining creatine supplementation with exercise on modulating strength and physical function in breast cancer survivors by comparing these effects to those of exercise alone. The secondary objectives are to determine if creatine supplementation and exercise can increase the intramuscular storage of creatine and improve body composition by comparing this intervention to exercise alone.

Methods

We aim to test our hypothesis by conducting an open-label randomized controlled trial of 30 breast cancer survivors who have completed chemotherapy within 6 months of enrollment. Eligible participants will be equally randomized (1:1) to either a creatine and exercise group or an exercise-only group for this 12-week intervention. Individuals who are randomized to receive creatine will be initially dosed at 20 g per day for 7 days to boost the availability of creatine systemically. Thereafter, the dose will be reduced to 5 g per day for maintenance throughout the duration of the 12-week protocol. All participants will engage in 3 center-based exercise sessions, which will involve completing 3 sets of 8 to 12 repetitions on chest press, leg press, seated row, shoulder press, leg extension, and leg curl machines. The primary outcomes will include changes in strength, body composition, and physical function in breast cancer survivors. The secondary outcomes will be intramuscular concentrations of creatine and adenosine triphosphate in the vastus lateralis, midthigh cross-sectional area, and quality of life.

Results

As of October 2021, a total of 9 patients have been enrolled into the study. No unexpected adverse events have been reported.

Conclusions

Creatine is being studied as a potential agent for improving strength, endurance, and bioenergetics in breast cancer survivors following chemotherapy. The findings from our trial may have future implications for supporting breast cancer survivors in reversing the muscle loss experienced during chemotherapy and improving their physical function and quality of life.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04207359; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04207359

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

PRR1-10.2196/26827
Predictors of Booster Engagement Following a Web-Based Brief Intervention for Alcohol Misuse Among National Guard Members: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Coughlin Lara N , Blow Frederic C , Walton Maureen , Ignacio Rosalinda V , Walters Heather , Massey Lynn , Barry Kristen L , McCormick Richard
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND

Alcohol misuse is a major health concern among military members. Reserve component members face unique barriers as they live off base with limited access to behavioral health services. Web and app-based brief interventions are a promising means to improve access to treatment for those who misuse alcohol, with the use of booster sessions to enhance effectiveness, solidify gains, and reinforce changes. However, little is known about who will engage in booster sessions.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to evaluate booster engagement across booster delivery modalities (Web and Peer) and identify participant-specific factors associated with booster session engagement.

METHODS

Following a brief web-based alcohol misuse intervention in National Guard members (N=739), we examined engagement in a series of three booster sessions. Using unadjusted and adjusted models, demographic and clinical characteristics that may serve as predictors of booster session engagement were examined across the 2 arms of the trial with different types of booster sessions: peer-delivered (N=245) and web-delivered (N=246).

RESULTS

Booster session completion was greater for Peer than Web Booster sessions, with 142 (58%) service members in the Peer Booster arm completing all three boosters compared with only 108 (44%) of participants in the Web Booster arm (χ23=10.3; P=.006). In a model in which the 2 groups were combined, socioeconomic factors predicted booster engagement. In separate models, the demographic and clinical predictors of booster engagement varied between the 2 delivery modalities.

CONCLUSIONS

The use of peer-delivered boosters, especially among subsets of reserve members at risk of lack of engagement, may foster greater uptake and improve treatment outcomes.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02181283; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02181283
Incontri tra controcultura e sperimentazione fototestuale nella rivista "ABRACADABRA"
Authors: Comensoli Regaida
Published: October 2021

Nel panorama artistico e letterario del Novecento nasce un prodotto ibrido, sviluppatosi sull’onda lunga del fenomeno Beat: le riviste underground autoprodotte. Il carattere innovativo di queste pubblicazioni non riguarda i soli contenuti, bensì anche e soprattutto la grafica, poliedrica e anticonvenzionale, ispirata alle libertà formali introdotte dalle avanguardie storiche. Fra il 1977 e il 1981 viene stampata ABRACADABRA, rivista di poesia sperimentale nata dall’incontro tra il traduttore Marcello Angioni, l’artista Harry Hoogstraten e il poeta di origine ticinese Franco Beltrametti (Locarno, 1937-1995). ABRACADABRA è un tipico esempio di pubblicazione del periodo, territorio di confine sulle cui pagine venivano sperimentati diversi gradi di interazione tra specifici linguaggi, testandone potenzialità e cortocircuiti. 

Keywords: riviste autoprodotte, ABRACADABRA, controcultura, Franco Beltrametti, guerriglia semiologica.
Fotografie testi segni. Note sull’opera di Guido Guidi
Authors: Serena Tiziana
Published: October 2021

Il testo indaga la relazione fra fotografie, rappresentazioni verbali e segniche nell’opera di Guido Guidi (1941-). Con la materia testuale e segnica, nitida e definita, offuscata e mobile, sino a divenire oggetto dell’immagine, sin dagli anni Settanta, Guidi conduce una sperimentazione linguistica sull’autonomia e l’intraducibilità del senso della fotografia.

Keywords: Guido Guidi, fotografia, materia figurativa, materia testuale, fotografia contemporanea.
Morphological, Histological, and Protein Profiling of Tea Embryo Axis at Early Stage of Culture
Authors: Eskundari Ratna Dewi , Taryono Taryono , Indradewa Didik , Purwestri Yekti Asih
Published: October 2021

Tissue culture is an alternative choice of plant propagation either through somatic embryogenesis or in vitro organogenesis techniques. TRI2025 tea clone has been cultured successfully, however, the scientific information related to morphology, histology, and protein profile at an early event of culturing time has not been reported yet. This study aimed to determine the differences between those pathways, in the context of morphology, histology, and protein profile. The explants were the embryo axis of TRI2025 tea clone cultured on two different induction mediums; somatic embryogenesis and in vitro organogenesis induction medium. The results showed that most of the explants cultured on A medium developed to be a globular-like structure at 11-day after culture (DAC), while all explants cultured on B medium showed the initiation stage of in vitro organogenesis. Histological analysis showed meristem reconstruction at shoot apical meristem (SAM) and root apical meristem (RAM) at 11-DAC at explants cultured on B medium, while explants cultured on A medium showed callusing at 21-DAC. Protein profile analysis using SDS-PAGE showed protein bands of 54 and 81 KDa that only appeared at explants cultured on A medium start from 14-DAC, and those two protein bands thought to be a differentiator at the early stages of the two tissue culture techniques. Thus, these parameters can be used as early detection for plant tissue culture, especially in tea.