bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Passive Cooling of a High Power LED Panel Using POLWAX LTP ST Paraffin Doped with or without Carbon Nanotubes or Silver Nanowires
Authors: Zmywaczyk Janusz , Zbińkowski Piotr , Koniorczyk Piotr
Published: August 2023

Commercially available paraffin wax LTP ST, manufactured in Poland by POLWAX, was used as a phase change material (PCM) for passive cooling of a LED panel containing 28 high power light emitting diodes (LEDs). Paraffin wax LTP ST of density = 930 kgm-3 at room temperature (RT) was chosen over other POLWAX waxes (LUXOLINA, LUXOLINA-ST, LTP 56-20) because of its melting point range (44.5 – 55.4)℃, relatively high latent heat of fusion H = 218.8 Jg-1, high specific heat Cp = 2.11 Jg-1K-1 and thermal conductivity k=0.233 Wm-1K-1 at 0 ℃ [1]. The thermophysical properties were studied in samples of pure LTP ST paraffin and doped with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (1.99, 3.49, 5.35, 10.49 wt%, MWCNT) or silver nanowires (0.26, 0.32, 1.06, 2.10, 7.35 wt%, SNW). Analysis of the thermal effects of doped samples showed a relative increase in the degree of subcooling, averaging 100% for MWCNT and 46% for SNW , a relative 15÷25% decrease in enthalpy of melting for MWCNT and 14÷16% for SNW. A 44% increase in thermal conductivity was found for the sample containing 5.35 wt% MWCNTs and a 91% increase for 1.06 wt% SNW. The results of cooling efficiency tests for 3 types of developed heat sinks made of AW-2017A aluminum alloy are presented, i.e.: (a) - full system without PCM filling, (b) - system with PCM chamber without intracellular ribs, (c) system with PCM chamber with intracellular fins.
Intelligent Location Method and System for Power System Oscillation Sources Based on Digital Twin
Authors: Yang Luojia , Wang Yuhong , Gao Shilin , Zheng Zongsheng , Jiang QIliang , Zhou Chenyu
Published: August 2023

Aiming at the difficult problem of broadband oscillation localization in power systems, the intel-ligent localization method of oscillation source based on the digital twin is proposed and the os-cillation source localization system based on the digital twin is constructed. Firstly, a digital twin-based oscillation source localization method and system architecture are proposed. Fur-thermore, an intelligent positioning method of oscillation source based on data-driven and mechanism fusion is proposed. It includes three steps: oscillation signal preprocessing, oscillation modal analysis and oscillation source localization. For the oscillation signal preprocessing, the generative adversarial imputation network is used to repair the missing samples, and the su-per-resolution technique is used to realize the super-resolution measurement of broadband os-cillation. In the oscillation modal analysis, the spectrum of the oscillation signal is extracted using the fast Fourier transform. To accurately locate the oscillation source, the branch potential energy is used as input to the data-driven model, such as LSTM and CNN. Finally, an oscillation source localization system is developed based on the digital twin workshop CloudPSS-XStudio, which can locate the oscillation source quickly and accurately.
Analytical Study for the Determination of the Energy Use Potential of Forest Dendromass in the Czech Republic
Authors: Březina David , Michal Jakub , Hlaváčková Petra
Published: August 2023

The European Union's current pressure on Member States to adopt the Green Deal and the Fit for 55 package is leading to an accelerated drive to put in place measures to meet the 2030 climate targets. At the same time, many discussions at international bilateral meetings of EU country representatives raise the question of the realism of setting climate targets and therefore the ability to meet these commitments. The results elaborated in this analytical study offer a realistic picture of the possibilities of meeting strategic climate targets using the example of the use of forest dendromass for the ability to achieve a 22% share of renewable energy sources (RES) in gross final energy consumption by 2030 in the Czech Republic. The study points out that at present the use of forest dendromass from primary pro-duction is at its maximum and meeting the climate targets for increasing the share of RES in the energy mix represents a major problem in the long term. The findings published in this study also point to the objective threat of increased use of dendrmass in the energy sector to the maintenance of sustainable forest management and the preservation of forest quality.
Enhancing Cache Robustness in Information-Centric Networks: Per-Face Popularity Approaches
Authors: Baugh John , Guo Jinhua
Published: August 2023

Information-Centric Networking (ICN) is a new paradigm of network architectures that focuses on content, rather than hosts, as first-class citizens of the network. As part of these architectures, in-network storage devices are essential to provide end users with close copies of popular content, to reduce latency and improve overall experience for the user, but also to reduce network congestion and load on the content producers. To be effective, in-network storage devices, such as content storage routers should maintain copies of the most popular content objects. Adversaries that wish to reduce this effectiveness can launch cache pollution attacks to eliminate the benefit of the in-network storage device caches. Therefore, it is crucial to protect these devices and ensure the highest hit rate possible. This paper demonstrates per-face popularity approaches to reducing the effects of cache pollution and improving hit rates by normalizing assessed popularity across all faces of content storage routers. The mechanisms that were developed prevent the consumers, whether legitimate or malicious, on any single face or small number of faces from overwhelmingly influencing the content objects that remain in the cache. The results demonstrate that per-face approaches generally have much better hit rates than currently used cache replacement techniques.
The relationship between social capital and food security in farmer households (case study: Sedayulawas Village, Lamongan Regency – Indonesia)
Authors: Fauziah Septia Hana , Prayitno Gunawan , Dinanti Dian , Hidayana Izatul Ihsansi
Published: August 2023

Sedayulawas Village is one of the villages contributed to the positive growth of Lamongan Regency in the fourth quarter of 2020. It has been named the selected pilot project for eradicating extreme poverty with the target of increasing community food security. However, this program was not supported by the relationship between farmers and farmer group leaders, as the trust of farmers to the group leaders were low since they couldnot protect farmers from many conflicts within the group. To ensure the success of programs of food security, the social capital of among farmers was an alternative mechanism for the community to increase food security. This study aimed to reveal how the contribution of the social capital of farmer households to food security in the Food Self-Sufficiency Program in Sedayulawas Village, Brondong District, Lamongan Regency. Descriptive statistical analysis to determine food security conditions were done using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) followed by Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The result showed that there is a direct and indirect relationship between social capital and food security which has a significant value at the 5% test level. The food utilization variable explained 86.6% of farmers’ food security variability and the results of t-test showed that social capital has a significant effect in supporting the food security program for farmers in Sedayulawas Village.
Orthopaedic Surgery Training and Education During COVID-19
Authors: Randall Zachary D. , Ganapathy Aravinda , Kuhn Andrew W. , Silverman Richard M. , Inclan Paul M. , Aleem Alexander W.
Published: August 2023

Background:

COVID-19 forced surgical resident training programs to adapt to meet educational requirements within the constraints of various guidelines. Some of the changes implemented during the pandemic have imparted a lasting effect on orthopaedic education. As such, the purpose of this article was to review how orthopaedic training and education were affected during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods:

The published literature was queried using search strategies devised by a medical librarian, according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Studies eligible for inclusion were studies related to COVID-19, orthopaedic surgical training, and medical education. Studies were excluded if they (1) were abstracts, conference proceedings, letters, perspective pieces, reviews, or editorials; (2) evaluated medical student education; (3) included other specialties; or (4) were unrelated to COVID-19 and/or orthopaedic training.

Results:

Eighty-three (n = 83) studies were included. Five themes emerged including (I) Fellowship Application, Interview, and Match Processes; (II) Social Media and Websites for Program Information; (III) Changes in Trainee Surgical Volume; (IV) Trainee Mental Health and Well-being; and (V) Innovations in Education. The pandemic decreased opportunities for medical students to gain exposure to orthopaedic surgery. Social media use, particularly Instagram, among orthopaedic residencies increased during the pandemic. Between the cancellation of away rotations and in-person interviews, applicants saved over $6,000; however, both residency applicants and interviewers preferred in-person interviews. The pandemic led to decreased surgical volume and in-person didactics for trainees, thus relying more on virtual learning. Orthopaedic trainees had mixed feelings regarding online virtual education. Although some respondents reported that they preferred the convenience of online learning, others expressed dissatisfaction with the quality of virtual education.

Conclusions:

The shift to virtual learning affected how applicants learned about residency programs, with many relying on virtual away rotations and social media to compare different programs. The pandemic also highlighted issues of diversity and accessibility within orthopaedic surgery, with cost savings from virtual interviews and canceled away rotations potentially benefiting applicants from lower socioeconomic backgrounds. Although some innovative approaches and adaptations to orthopaedic education and training have shown promise and may continue to be used in the future after the COVID-19 pandemic, the role of others, such as virtual interviews, is less clear.
Sistema de control interno en el área de tesorería y su relación con la liquidez de la empresa Llama Gas S.A; Lima 2020
Authors:   , Seminario Uceda Fabricio Santiago
Published: August 2023

La finalidad de la investigación fue precisar la vinculación entre el Sistema de control interno (CI) y la liquidez (L) en la entidad Llama Gas S.A.”, Lima, 2020. Para ello se desarrolló bajo el enfoque cuantitativo, método deductivo, nivel correlacional, con diseño no experimental y corte transversal. La muestra fue de 32 empleados del área administrativa de la entidad. Los instrumentos lograron fiabilidad con Alfa de Cronbach, CI (0.962, 12 ítems) y L (0.954,5 items). Los hallazgos señalaron una relación positiva moderada, con un Rho de Spearman (0.418), demostrada con un pvalor=0.017 <0.05. Concluyendo que a un mejor sistema de control interno existe una mayor liquidez en la empresa. Corroborando lo explicado por Ruiz et al. (2020), Pinchi (2017) y Mantilla (2017).
Evaluation of the New Terauchi File Retrieval Kit (TFRK) Versus Modified ET25 Ultrasonic Tip on Retrieval Time and Success Rate of Removal of Fractured Files from Middle Third of Root Canals. (A Comparative in Vitro Study)
Authors: Gameel Nada Mohamed , Gawdat Prof. Dr. Shaimaa Ismail , Mohsen Mohamed
Published: August 2023

Objective: the aim of this study is to evaluate the retrieval time, success rate and amount of remaining dentin thickness after removal of separated instruments from middle third of mesial canals of mandibular molar with moderate curvature (10-20°) according to Schneider's classification with: Terauchi ultrasonic tips of (TFRK-new) kit (Woodpecker, medical co., Shanghai, China), modified ET25L ultrasonic tip (Satelec Corp, Merignac Cedex, France), and stock ET25L ultrasonic tip (Satelec Corp, Merignac Cedex, France).

Methodology: a total of 24 human extracted mandibular molar teeth with moderate curvature are selected. Following mesial canals preparations, a CBCT image will be taken before instrument separation. After that, instruments will be fractured in the middle third of mesial canals nd confirmed with periapical radiograph. Teeth will be divided into three groups based on the ultrasonic tip to be used for instrument removal: Group 1 (I1): size 25, 6% separated instrument retrieved using ultrasonic tips of (TFRK-new) kit, group 2 (I2): size 25, 6% separated instrument retrieved using modified ET25L ultrasonic tip, and group 3 (control): size 25, 6% separated instrument retrieved using stock ET25L ultrasonic tip.
Flicker electroretinogram in preterm infants
Authors: Gerth-Kahlert Christina , Taner Aylin , Hanson James , Weber Caroline , Bassler Dirk , McCulloch Daphne
Published: August 2023

Background
Infants born prematurely are at risk of developing retinopathy of prematurity, which is associated with abnormalities in retinal function as measured using electroretinography. The aim of this study was to record and analyse non-invasive flicker electroretinograms (ERGs) in preterm infants.
Methods
In this non-randomized, cross-sectional study, 40 moderate preterm (gestational age (GA) 34 0/7 to 36 6/7 weeks, group A) and 40 very or extremely preterm infants (GA ≤ 31 weeks, group B) were recruited for flicker ERG recording through closed eyelids using the portable RETeval® device and skin electrodes. Group A was tested within the first week of life and group B between 34th and 37th week postmenstrual age. Flicker stimuli were presented at 28.3 Hz with stimulus levels of 3, 6, 12, 30 and 50 cd•s/m2. Primary endpoints were peak time (ms) and amplitude (µV).
Results
Flicker ERGs were reproducibly recorded in most infants with the highest number of reproducible ERG responses at 30 cd•s/m2. Amplitudes increased with stronger flicker stimulation, while peak times did not differ significantly between stimulus levels nor groups. Amplitudes were significantly greater in Group B at the strongest stimulus level (Mann-Whitney-U-Test = 198.00, Z = - 4.097, p = <0.001).
Conclusions
Feasibility of collecting flicker ERG data in most preterm infants was confirmed in this study. We found no evidence of reduced retinal responses to flicker stimuli associated with extreme prematurity. Higher amplitudes in infants born very, and extremely preterm could indicate acceleration of retinal development following birth, triggered by visual stimulation.
Overcoming strain degeneration in the Weizmann process for continuous production of advanced biofuels
Authors: Yoo Minyeong , Ehsaan Muhammad , Kruit Wouter , Foulquier Celine , Minton Nigel , Soucaille Philippe
Published: August 2023

We engineered Clostridium acetobutylicum to continuously and stably produce advanced biofuels by integrating the pSOL1 megaplasmid into the chromosome using an advanced synthetic biology approach and further integrating sadh and hydG from Clostridium beijerinckii to convert acetone to isopropanol. In a membrane bioreactor, continuously fed with a glucose mineral medium, the final strain stably produced advanced biofuels at high yield (0.31 g·g-1), titre (15.4 g·L-1) and productivities (15.5 g·L-1·h-1).
Effect of short-term compression therapy after thermal ablation for varicose veins: study protocol for a prospective, multicenter, non-inferiority, randomized controlled trial
Authors: Tang Mingjun , Jiang Weihua , Hong Jin , Li Lubin , Shang Dan , Zhao Yue , Liu Zhenjie , Qi Ming , Jin Mingjuan , Zhu Yuefeng
Published: August 2023

Background For patients with varicose veins, the goal is to relieve pain, swelling, reduce the severity of edema, improve skin changes, and heal ulcers associated with venous disease. Compression therapy is the cornerstone of their management. Several studies have shown that wearing an elastic bandage for the first 24 hours and then a compression stocking for a week can effectively reduce the pain after thermal ablation. However, in clinical practice, patient compliance with this treatment could be better, considering difficulties in pulling up and removing the compression stocking, concerns with tightness and skin irritation because these must be worn for a prolonged period. A potential solution to battling these barriers is short-term compression therapy. Besides, the effect and necessity of wearing compression stockings after thermal ablation have been questioned. Based on current clinical experience and limited evidence, although some scholars have suggested that compression therapy may be an unnecessary adjunctive therapy after thermal ablation, there is still a great deal of uncertainty in the absence of compression therapy after thermal ablation compared to compression therapy. Therefore, we advocate further research to evaluate the clinical effect of short-term postoperative compression therapy. Further, well-designed randomized controlled trials are needed.
Methods A prospective, multicenter, non-inferiority randomized controlled trial is designed to evaluate the non-inferiority of target vein occlusion rate at three months. Three hundred sixty patients will be randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to one of the following treatments: (A) 3M™ Coban™ elastic bandage for 48h or (B) 3M™ Coban™ elastic bandage for the first 24h and then a Class II compression full-length stocking (23-32mm Hg) for one week. The two groups will be compared on several variables, including target vein occlusion rate at three months (primary outcome indicator), pain, quality of life, clinical severity of varicose veins, postoperative complications, time to return to regular work, and compliance.
Discussion Suppose the effect of the 3M™ Coban™ elastic bandage for 48h proves to be non-inferior to long-term compression therapy. In that case, this short-term treatment may contribute to a future update of clinical guidelines for compression therapy after thermal ablation of varicose veins, resulting in higher patient compliance and better postoperative quality of life.
Trial Registration The study has been registered at ClinicalTrials, NCT05840991
(https://beta.clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05840991) . Registered on May 3rd, 2023.
Isolated chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis due to a novel duplication variant of IL17RC
Authors: Noma Kosuke , Tsumura Miyuki , Nguyen Tina , Asano Takaki , Sakura Fumiaki , Tamaura Moe , Imanaka Yusuke , Mizoguchi Yoko , Karakawa Shuhei , Hayakawa Seiichi , Shoji Takayo , Hosokawa Junichi , Izawa Kazushi , Ling Yun , Casanova Jean-Laurent , Puel Anne , Tangye Stuart G , Ma Cindy S , Ohara Osamu , Okada Satoshi
Published: August 2023

Purpose
Inborn errors of the IL-17A/F-responsive pathway lead to chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis (CMC) as a predominant clinical phenotype, without other significant clinical manifestations apart from mucocutaneous staphylococcal diseases. Amongst inborn errors affecting IL-17-dependent immunity, autosomal recessive (AR) IL-17RC deficiency is a rare disease with only three kindreds described to date. The lack of an in vitro functional evaluation system of IL17RC variants renders its diagnosis difficult. We sought to characterize a seven-year-old Japanese girl with CMC carrying a novel homozygous duplication variant of IL17RC and establish a simple in vitro system to evaluate the impact of this variant.
Methods
Flow cytometry, qPCR, RNA-sequencing, and immunoblotting were conducted, and an IL17RC-knockout cell line was established for functional evaluation.
Results
The patient presented with oral and mucocutaneous candidiasis without staphylococcal diseases since the age of three months. Genetic analysis showed that the novel duplication variant (Chr3: 9,971,476-9,971,606 dup (+ 131bp)) involving exon 13 of IL17RC results in a premature stop codon (p.D457Afs*16 or p.D457Afs*17). Our functional evaluation system revealed this duplication to be loss-of-function and enabled discrimination between loss-of-function and neutral IL17RC variants. The lack of response to IL-17A by the patient’s SV40-immortalized fibroblasts was restored by introducing WT-IL17RC, suggesting that the genotype identified is responsible for her clinical phenotype.
Conclusions
The clinical and cellular phenotype of the current case of AR IL-17RC deficiency supports a previous report on this rare disorder. Our newly established evaluation system will be useful for diagnosis of AR IL-17RC deficiency, providing accurate validation of unknown IL17RC variants.
Spatial extent of dysbiosis in the branching coral Pocillopora damicornis during an acute disease outbreak
Authors: Greene Austin , Moriarty Tess , Leggatt William , Ainsworth Tracy D. , Donahue Megan J. , Raymundo Laurie
Published: August 2023

Globally, coral reefs are experiencing increased disease prevalence and the continuing emergence of large-scale outbreak events. Acute coral disease outbreaks are an immediate threat to coral reefs, but also provide an opportunity to identify the underlying microbial and functional patterns indicative of coral disease, and whether these can serve as indicators of disease risk. Outbreak events also allow testing of prevailing theory on how reef-building corals respond to disease, either systemically as whsole individuals or as heterogeneous colonial organisms. Here, we coupled assessment of coral meta-organism structure (microbiome) and function (metabolome) in Pocillopora damicornis during an outbreak of tissue loss disease to determine whether dysbiosis indicated disease in tissues without visual signs of impact. Coral fragments with visual evidence of disease are characterized by higher variance in microbial community structure and metabolic function, indicating disruption of the meta-organism. However, these indicators are absent in the microbiome and metabolome of visibly-healthy fragments sourced from the same diseased colonies. A lack of systemic, colony-wide disease response challenges the notion that broad dysbiosis could serve as a pre-visual indicator of disease and invites renewed discussion of how we assess the health of colonial corals.
The Study on the effect of mercury pollution on soil microorganisms around mercury mining area
Authors: Du Jianxiong , Ren Yuxiang , Zhang Shuqing , Li Jianfeng , Huang Huiqiong , Liu Jie
Published: August 2023

In order to further explore the effects of soil mercury pollution at different distances from the mercury mining area on soil microbial diversity and community structure, 2m, 20m, 30m, 500m and 650m from the periphery of the mercury mining area were selected as soil sampling areas. Four different points were randomly selected from the soil sampling areas of 2m, 20m, 30m, 500m and 650m to collect 0-20cm soil samples under the surface, a total of 20 soil samples. Soil microbial DNA was extracted from 20 soil samples after treatment, and then soil microbial DNA was sequenced by high-throughput sequencing technology. The results showed that in the three levels of order, family and genus, the number of bacteria and fungi in the high mercury soil of 2–30 m from the mercury mining area was significantly higher than that in the high mercury soil of 500–650 m from the mercury mining area. At the level of family and genus, the number of unique bacteria and fungi to soil samples at different points at the same distance was quite different. The results of the effect on the microbial community structure showed that at the order level, the dominant bacteria in the high mercury soil or medium and high mercury soil at 2m, 20m, 30m, 500m, 650m from the mercury mining area were Sphingomonadales and Sphingobacteriales, and the dominant fungi were Agaricales and Sebacinales. At the family level, the dominant bacteria were Sphingomonadaceae and Chitinophagaceae, and the dominant fungi were Sebacinaceae and Hygrophoraceae. At the genus level, the dominant bacteria were norank_Acidobacteria_Gp6, Sphingomonas, norank_Acidobacteria_Gp4, and the dominant fungi were Hygrocybe and Sebacina. The internal heterogeneity of soil caused significant differences in unique bacteria and fungi at the same site, and the emergence of dominant bacteria and fungi was a manifestation of high adaptability to long-term mercury stress and other stresses in soil, which provided a scientific reference for further exploring the mechanism of synergistic mercury enrichment between microorganisms and plants.
Validating indigenous farmers’ practice in the management of the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) in maize cropping systems in Africa
Authors: Niassy Saliou , Omuse Evanson Rigan , Khangati John Emanuel , Bächinger Ines , Kupesa David Mfuti , Cheseto Xavier , Mbatha Benjamin W , Copeland Robert , Mohamed Samira Abuelgasim , Gama Mphatso , Mitti Joyce Mulila , Belayneh Yeneneh , Delabays Nicolas , Lefort François , Ekesi Sunday , Subramanian Sevgan
Published: August 2023

Before the invasion of the fall armyworm (FAW) Spodoptera frugiperda into Africa, smallholder farmers had been using indigenous practices such as applying fish soup onto plants to manage stemborer pests. Although farmers have since begun adapting this practice against FAW, no attempt had been made to evaluate the practice scientifically. Therefore, we assessed the efficacy of applying fish soup to maize plants that were artificially infested with FAW under semi-field conditions. Our results showed that foliar damage is inversely correlated with the concentration of a fish soup + sugar solution, with the highest (100%) concentration resulting in the lowest foliar damage and the highest plant recovery. A concentration of fish soup + sugar solution of at least 25.9% was required to achieve the lowest foliar damage of 17.8% and peak plant recovery of 73.6%. Fish soup + sugar solutions attracted a wide range of insects, including potential natural enemies (predators and parasitoids) of FAW in a dose-dependent manner. Maize plants treated with fish soup + sugar showed higher chlorophyll content and better growth than the control did. Proximate and chemical analysis showed that fish soup contains essential plant growth nutrients (e.g. nitrogen, phosphorus and calcium). Through GC-MS analyses, we identified 76 volatile organic compounds in fish soup, of which 16 have been reported as insect attractants, highlighting their potential ecological significance. Therefore, the indigenous pest management practices for FAW, such as the use of fish soup, deserve particular attention. These practices could contribute to food security and improved livelihoods of vulnerable communities. Further field validation studies, economic analyses, product development and optimisation are required.
Maternal and neonatal outcomes of women diagnosed with Placenta Accreta Spectrum Disorder managed by a standardized Multidisciplinary Team
Authors: Vettorazzi Janete , Farenzena Luisa Penso , Perez Amanda Vilaverde , Reis Martina Amalia Jorge dos , Teichmann Pedro do Valle , Garcia Tiago Selbach , Salazar Cristiano Caetano , Scaffaro Leandro Armani , Ghezzi Caroline Lorenzoni Almeida , Arlindo Ellen Machado , Vettori Daniela Vanessa , Valerio Edimárlei Gonsales
Published: August 2023

Purpose
Placenta accreta spectrum disorder (PAS) is a pathological condition in which placenta abnormally adheres to or invades the myometrium. PAS has a high risk of complications, especially peripartum bleeding, which can be associated with several maternal and neonatal adverse outcomes. Our goal is to determine maternal and fetal outcomes in cases of PAS managed by a multidisciplinary team (MDT).
Methods
This is a retrospective cohort study that included all cases of PAS managed by a MDT between January 2016 and December 2022. Maternal and neonatal outcomes were analyzed for each case.
Results
There were 102 cases of PAS managed by a MDT during the study period. Maternal age average was 35.5 years, 75.4% had at least one prior cesarean section and 55.8% had placenta previa. 54.9% were diagnosed with placenta accreta, 20.5% with placenta increta and 24.5% with placenta percreta. Hysterectomy was performed in 55.8% of the cases, and in 87.7% of them placenta was left in situ. Blood products transfusion was necessary in 24.5% of the cases, with a mean number of 2 red blood cells concentrates. Intensive care unit admission rate after surgery was 8.8% and no maternal death occurred.
Conclusions
Although PAS is a condition associated with high morbidity and mortality, this study demonstrates lower rates of maternal complications than reported in literature. PAS management should be based in protocols, and pregnancy interruption should be performed in centers of excellence with an experienced and trained MDT, making it possible to reduce maternal morbidity and mortality.
Robust JPEG Steganography Based on the Robustness Classifier
Authors: Zhang Jimin , Zhao Xianfeng , He Xiaolei
Published: August 2023

The application of image steganography in popular image-sharing social networks requires robustness because the JPEG recompression in social networks changes the DCT coefficients of uploaded images. Currently, most robust steganography algorithms rely on the resistance of embedding to the general JPEG recompression process, while operations in a specific compression channel are usually ignored, which reduces the robustness performance. Besides, the state-of-the-art robust steganography needs to upload the cover image to social networks several times to acquire the robust cover image, which may be insecure in terms of behavior security. In this paper, a robust steganography method based on the softmax outputs of a trained classifier and protocol message embedding is proposed. In the proposed method, a deep learning-based robustness classifier is trained to model the specific process of the JPEG recompression channel. The prediction result of the classifier is used to select the robust DCT blocks to form the embedding domain. The selection information is embedded as the protocol messages into the middle-frequency coefficients of DCT blocks. To further improve the recovery possibility of the protocol message, a robustness enhancement method that decreases the predicted non-robust possibility of the robustness classifier by modifying low-frequency coefficients of DCT blocks is proposed. The experimental results show that the proposed method is universal and can be implemented in different JPEG compression channels after finetuning the classifier, and it has better robustness performance compared with state-of-the-art robust steganography and does not have the disadvantage in terms of behavior security, and it has better security performance compared with the state-of-the-art method when embedding large-sized secret messages.
The effect of the lowest heat stress limit conditions on psychomotor fatigue threshold in soccer players
Authors: Konefał Marek , Błażejczyk Krzysztof , Chmura Jan , Żmijewski Piotr , Różański Paweł , Chmura Paweł
Published: August 2023

The study aimed to examine relationships between psychomotor fatigue threshold and the lowest heat stress limit (HSL) during incremental exercise, simulated in an environmental test chamber. Twenty-four soccer players performed a graded treadmill running exercise test. Directly before the test and during the break after each load, blood was collected to determine lactate concentration (LA) and serotonin concentration (SER). The heart rate (HR), pulmonary ventilation (Ve) and oxygen uptake (VO2) were recorded and the psychomotor test was performed. The levels of the tested parameters were determined at four measurement points: (1) at rest, (2) at the lactate threshold (TLA), (3) at the threshold of psychomotor fatigue (TPF), (4) at maximum intensity. Percentage differences between maximum intensity (100%) and the values of the tested parameters recorded at the TLA and TPF were also calculated. The tests were carried out in a climatic chamber at an ambient temperature of 28.5°C, relative air humidity of 58.7%. and wind speed of 2 m·s− 1. It was confirmed that the TPF, which reflects the highest efficiency of the central nervous system, occurs at a higher running speed than the TLA. For practical application, it was found that at the HSL, the TPF occurs at: 84% of maximum running speed, 52% of maximum LA concentration, 93% SERmax, 91% HRmax, 73% VEmax, 84% VO2max. The findings may facilitate the understanding of the physiological and psychomotor reactions at the borderline between some and great thermal discomfort (on the humidex scale). This will enable coaches and coaching staff to optimize training sessions in more challenging environments.
Applied anatomy of female pelvic plexus for nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy（NSRH）
Authors: Ye Fan , Su Hongyu , Xiong Hang , Luo Wenxin , Huang ZiHeng , Chen Guoqing , Zhou Hongying
Published: August 2023

Background
Nerve-preserving radical hysterectomy(NSRH)has the advantage of reducing postoperative complications and improving postoperative quality of life. The separation and protection of the pelvic plexus in NSRH is extremely important and challenging.
Methods
24 female cadaveric hemipelvis were dissected. Morphologic patterns and compositions of pelvic plexus as well as relationship of pelvic plexus to the surrounding structures were observed and documented.
Results
Two patterns of superior hypogastric plexus were observed, including fenestrated and cord-like shape. The origin of bilateral hypogastric nerves were inferiorly to upper margin of promontory about 1.6 ± 0.1cm and parallel to the ureter in front of the sacrum. Pelvic splanchnic nerves(PSN)from the second sacral nerve, the third sacral nerve and the forth sacral nerve were observed combing with the hypogastric nerves within the lateral rectal ligament. The sacral sympathetic trunk can be identified anteriorly or medially to the anterior sacral foramen. We identified the boundaries of pelvic plexus as following: the upper margin is formed by the PSNs from the third sacral nerve, posterior margin by inferior rectal artery, and anteriorly by vesical venous plexus. The uterine branches from pelvic plexus were observed accompanying with uterine artery, while other branches were inferiorly to the artery. The PSNs were located beneath the deep uterine veins within the cardinal ligament. The upper margin of pelvic plexus was observed directly approach to urinary bladder within the vesicouterine ligament as a single trunk accompanying with ureter, between the middle and inferior vesical veins.
Conclusions
Our study clarified the intricate arrangement, distribution and relationship of female pelvic plexus and the related structures to provide reference index for NSRH application. The innervation patterns of bladder and uterine were clarified, and by tracing these visceral branches of pelvic plexus, we suggest several new important land markers for NSRH.
Perceptions of paramedic educators on assessments used in the first year of a paramedic programme: A qualitative exploration
Authors: Knox Shane , Brand Charles , Sweeney Catherine
Published: August 2023

Background
In Ireland, there are currently three educational institutions (recognised institutions- RIs) providing paramedic programmes, accredited by the regulator, the Pre-Hospital Emergency Care Council (PHECC). Each RI assesses their students in-house, and in order to acquire a licence to practice, students must also pass summative assessments provided by PHECC. These assessments comprise multiple choice questions, short answer questions and skills assessments. The objective of this study was to explore the perceptions and experiences of paramedic educators of assessments used within their institution and by the regulator to provide insights that could inform the future design of paramedic assessments.
Methods
A qualitative study with an interpretivist approach and purposive sampling strategy was performed. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with educators from one RI, across their three sites. Data were analysed using an inductive approach to thematic analysis.
Results
Four major themes were identified in the data: improving assessments by enhancing authenticity, modifying the current process of assessment, aligning the PHECC and RI examinations and opportunities to use assessment as learning.
Conclusions
This study identifies perceived deficits and opportunities in the assessments currently used for paramedic students and ways in which these assessments could be improved. While participants were relatively content with their own RI assessments, they identified ways to improve both the RI and PHECC assessments. Modifying some of the current methods could be a useful first step. In particular, assessments used by PHECC could be improved by reflecting ‘real-world’ practice. The inclusion of additional assessment methods by PHECC, a continuous assessment process or devolvement of the entire assessment suite, to the RI/University has the potential to enhance assessments, particularly summative assessments, for paramedic students.
Phylogeography and genetic structure of Papever bracteatum populations in Iran based on genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS)
Authors: Rahmati Razieh , Nemati Zahra , Naghavi Mohammad Reza , Pfanzelt Simon , Rahimi Amir , Kanzagh Ali Ghaderi , Blattner Frank R.
Published: August 2023

Papaver bracteatum, known for its high thebaine content and absence of morphine, has emerged as a promising alternative to opium poppy for codeine production. In this study, our objective was to create a diverse panel representing the natural variation of this species in Iran. To achieve this, we employed genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) to obtain genome-wide distributed single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for phylogeographic analysis, population structure assessment, and evaluation of genetic diversity within P. bracteatum populations. A total of 244 P. bracteatum individuals from 13 distinct populations formed seven genetic groups, along with one highly admixed population. We observed a split between the populations inhabiting the Alborz and Zagros Mountain systems. In between these mountain ranges the population of Kachal Mangan exhibited a high degree of genetic admixture. Our results suggest that habitat fragmentation, climate change, limited seed dispersal, and human pressure on the species’ habitats are potential factors contributing to the genetic isolation of P. bracteatum populations. Our findings underscore the urgency of implementing conservation measures to safeguard the wild populations as important genetic resources for future breeding approaches in this medicinally important species.
Interspecific recognition based on cuticular hydrocarbons mediates reproduction control in aphids
Authors: Li Yang , Parven Nousheen , Akimoto Shin-ichi
Published: August 2023

The preset study tested whether an aphid species can control its reproduction by recognizing the presence and density of a rival species. Acyrthosiphon pisum and Megoura crassicauda often coexist on the same leguminous plant. We established clonal colonies from each species and mixed colonies with one A. pisum and one M. crassicauda adult. There were no significant differences in the population growth patterns of the two species at 20 °C. However, mixed colonies increased faster and attained larger colony sizes than the clonal colonies. Thus, positive interspecific interactions were confirmed. A mixed colony was dominated by the members of a clone that produced a greater number of newborns in the initial stage, irrespective of the species. Thus, we confirmed the priority effect in the interspecific competition. To simulate the priority effect, 15 glass beads coated with the hexane extract of M. crassicauda aphids were attached to a cut leaf, to which one A. pisum adult was transferred. The presence of the hexane extract of M. crassicauda greatly reduced the reproductive rate of A. pisum adults. We conclude that aphids can control their reproduction by evaluating the relative density of rivals to fellow aphids based on the cuticular hydrocarbons.
Rewritable nano print of ionic liquids utilizing focused ion beam induced film wetting
Authors: Wang Hao , Gu Haohao , Meng Kaixin , Yuan Ruowei , Xiao Siyang , Shan Yuying , Zhu Rui , Deng Yajun , Luo Xiaojin , Li Ruijie , Liu Lei , Chen Xu , Duan Chuanhua , Shi Yuping
Published: August 2023

Manipulating liquid flow over open solid substrate at nanoscale is important for printing, sensing, and energy devices. The predominant methods of liquid maneuvering usually involve complicated surface fabrications, while recent attempts employing external stimuli face difficulties in attaining nanoscale flow control. Here we report a largely unexplored ion beam induced film wetting (IBFW) technology for open surface nanofluidics. Local electrostatic forces, which are generated by the unique charging effect of Helium focused ion beam (HFIB), induce precursor film of ionic liquids and the disjoining pressure propels and stabilizes the nanofilm with desired patterns. The IBFW technique eliminates the complicated surface fabrication procedures to achieve nanoscale flow control, and enables the manufacturing of complex liquid circuit in a controllable and rewritable manner.
The progression of hepatocyte pyroptosis exacerbates radiation-induced liver disease via the gasdermin D/signal transducer and activator of transcription 5a/CXCL1 axis
Authors: Peng Zhenwei , Dong aoran , Wei Guangyan , Liang Zhou , Di Yuqin , Tang Yunhao , Ling Yunyan , Li Shuping , Chen Yong , Zhou Yi , Wang Xiongjun
Published: August 2023

Radiation-induced liver disease (RILD) severely impairs the outcome of patients exposed to irradiation (IR); however, the underlying mechanism is largely unknown. The N-terminus of gasdermin D (GSDMD-N) is mainly involved in driving the progression of pyroptosis, and its expression has been reported to be induced by IR in the gut and bone marrow, but its role in RILD remains unknown. By collecting liver samples from RILD patients and mice, we uncovered GSDMD-FL/N were significantly upregulated and positively correlated with RILD severity. Hepatocytes are found to be critical pyroptotic cells in RILD by combining single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), immunofluorescence and fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis. Functional analysis and mechanistic studies were performed using hepatocyte-specific Gsdmd knockout (Gsdmd∆Hep) mice and cell models and scRNA-seq analysis. Mechanistically, GSDMD was indispensable for triggering hepatocyte pyroptosis and initiating the activation of transcription factor stat5a, which subsequently facilitated the expression of CXCL1. As a pore-forming protein, increased GSDMD-N also mediated the secretion of CXCL1, which further recruited neutrophil into liver to accelerate the severity of RILD. We also discovered that pharmacological targeting GSDMD and its downstream CXCL1 effectively attenuated the progression of RILD. RILD progression requires increased GSDMD-FL/N in hepatocytes, causing pyroptosis and stat5a activation. Afterwards, driving CXCL1 express and release to recruit neutrophils into liver. Together, our study demonstrates that GSDMD as therapeutic targets to improve RILD.
Think global act local: the dependency of global lithium-ion battery emissions on production location and material sources
Authors: Kallitsis Evangelos , Lindsay Jordan , Chordia Mudit , Wu Billy , Offer Gregory , Edge Jacqueline
Published: August 2023

The pursuit of low-carbon transport has significantly increased demand for lithium-ion batteries. However, the rapid increase in battery manufacturing, without adequate consideration of the carbon emissions associated with their production and material demands, poses the threat of shifting the bulk of emissions upstream. In this article, a life cycle assessment (LCA)-inspired model is developed to account for battery material and energy demand contributions for the cradle-to-gate carbon footprint of lithium-ion batteries across the world’s dominant battery manufacturing locations. Analysis of published LCA data reveals a significant level of uncertainty associated with the carbon emissions of key battery materials, with the 95 % confidence interval for nickel and cobalt containing chemistries ranging from 40 to 90 kg CO2-eq kWh-1. The gate-to-gate carbon footprint of battery manufacturing is found to vary highly with predicted median values ranging between 0.15 and 94.5 kg CO2-eq kWh-1, depending on production location. Leading western-world battery manufacturing locations in the US and Europe, such as Kentucky and Poland are found to have comparable carbon emissions to Chinese rivals, even exceeding the carbon emissions of battery manufacturing in some Chinese provinces. Such resolution on material and energy contributions to the carbon footprint of batteries is essential to inform policy- and decision- making in order to minimise the carbon emissions of the battery value chain.
Revolutionizing Oil and Gas Production State Diagnosis with Digital Twin and Deep Learning Fusion Technology
Authors: Ren Shuangshuang , Shen Fei , Li Jun , Zhang Xiangyang , Liu Yuanhong
Published: August 2023

Digital twins have become an effective tool for monitoring and diagnosing the state of oil and gas production processes. However, due to the complexity of production processes, traditional digital twin models may perform poorly. To address these issues, an improved long and short-term memory (LSTM) neural network is introduced to digital twins to provide real-time diagnosis capabilities for the oil and gas production process. First, a digital twin model is constructed based on the physical model of oil and gas production processes to simulate the behavior of the real system. Surface data is then employed to estimate well data, which is subsequently used to train the LSTM neural network. The trained neural network is used to analyze real-time data collected from sensors installed in the physical system and update the digital twin model accordingly. By comparing the behavior of the real system and the digital twin model, any deviation can be identified, and the state of oil and gas production can be diagnosed. Additionally, the improved neural network optimizes the performance of the digital twin model by reducing the impact of complex production processes and improving the accuracy and efficiency of diagnosis. In the same block or well during different periods, the long-short memory network is used to predict the next state of oil and gas production based on real-time data, enabling the process to realize the deep fusion of physical layer and information layer data, and attain self-perception and self-prediction abilities. The results show that the proposed method effectively monitors and predicts the operational state of oil and gas production, providing critical data for improving production efficiency. Digital twins and deep learning technology can improve the intelligence of the oil and gas production process and provide theoretical support for the development of intelligent oil and gas fields in the future.