bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exhaled Breath Condensate: A Non-Invasive Source for Tracking of Genetic and Epigenetic Alterations in Lung Diseases
Authors: Kezeminasab Somayeh , Emamalizadeh Babak , Khoubnasabjafari Maryam , Jouyban Abolghasem
Published: July 2021

Lung diseases have been recognized as an extensive cause of morbidity and mortality in the worldwide. The high degree of clinical heterogeneity and nonspecific initial symptoms of lung diseases contribute to a delayed diagnosis. So, the molecular and genomic profiling play a pivotal role in promoting the pulmonary diseases. Exhaled breath condensate (EBC) as a novel and potential method for sampling the respiratory epithelial lining fluid is to assess the inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers, drugs and genetic alterations in the pathophysiologic processes of lung diseases. The recent studies on the analysis of EBC from both a genetic and epigenetic point of view were searched from database and reviewed. This review provides an overview of the current findings in the tracking of genomic and epigenetic alterations which are potentially effective in better management of cancer detection. In addition, respiratory microbiota DNA using EBC samples in association with pulmonary disease especially lung cancer were investigated. Various studies have concluded that EBC has a great potential for analysis of nuclear and mitochondrial DNA alterations as well as epigenetic modifications and identification of respiratory microbiome. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) based genomic profiling of EBC samples is recommended as a promising approach to establish personalized based prevention, diagnosis, treatment and post-treatment follow-ups for patients with lung diseases especially lung cancer.
The Effects of Hydroalcoholic Extract ofArum orientaleon CLP-Induced Sepsis in Rats
Authors: Soleimanipour Setare , Kian Mehdi , Hamedeyazdan Sanaz , Movahhedin Nasrin , Ghaderi Faranak , Soraya Hamid
Published: July 2021

Background: Sepsis is a lethal clinical syndrome that results from dysregulated systemic inflammatory response of the body due to the invasion of pathogens, especially bacteria. Despite advances in medical care and therapy, sepsis is still one of the major causes of death in intensive care units and no decisive medical treatment is available against that. Studies have suggested that some Arum species have anti-bacterial properties. The present study investigated the effects of hydroalcoholic extract of Arum orientale, on cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) induced sepsis in rats. Methods: CLP method was used for induction of sepsis in rats. Hydroalcoholic extract of A. orientale was injected intraperitoneally with doses of 80 and 640 mg/Kg body weight at times of 0, 1, 3, 6 and 24 h after the surgery. Antibacterial activity, hemodynamic parameters, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and survival rate were measured after 72 h. Results: Hydroalcoholic extract of A. orientale showed antibacterial activities as potent as gentamycin against Escherichia coli. Administration of the extract with a dose of 80 mg/Kg body weight increased significantly hemodynamic parameters such as mean arterial pressure (p<0.05)and decreased optical density (OD) (p<0.05) of blood. The extract also increased serum MPO activity (p<0.01) and reduced survival rate to 20%. Conclusion: This study for the first time showed that hydroalcoholic extract of A. oriental acts as a double edge sword in the treatment of CLP-induced sepsis. This extract showed antibacterial properties and also improved hemodynamic parameters but decreased survival rate, that might be through pro-inflammatory effects.
Evaluation of the Association between Trough and Area Under the Curve to Minimum Inhibitory Concentration Ratio (AUC24/MIC) of Vancomycin in Infected Patients with Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
Authors: Esmaeili Ayda , Salehi Mohammadreza , Makhdoomi Nava , H. Ardakani Yalda , Rajabi Mehdi , Namazi Soha
Published: July 2021

Background: The recent studies emphasized on the correlation of vancomycin antibacterial effect with pharmacokinetics properties such as the area under the curve/minimum inhibitory concentration (AUC24/MIC) ≥400 and serum trough level 15-20 mg /L in the patients with severe infection with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The purpose is to assay the vancomycin pharmacokinetic properties in our population and evaluates the correlation between AUC24/MIC and trough serum level of vancomycin in given patients. Methods: The patients with a positive MRSA culture, treated with vancomycin, were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Three plasma samples were obtained during the study including 30 min before fourth and the fifth dose as trough levels and 1 hour after the fourth dose as peak level to determine AUC24. E-TEST determined the MIC of vancomycin. Results: Thirty-eight patients with an average age of 48.33±16.44 were enrolled in this study. The mean ± SD of MIC was 0.99±0.30 mg/L. Thirty-four patients reached the adequate therapeutic range of AUC24/MIC ≥ 400 due to the standard vancomycin dosing method. In comparison, only 7 and 10 patients had the first and second trough levels in target intervals of 15-20 mg/L, respectively. Due to the receiver operating characteristic curve test (ROC test), the trough level after the fourth dose had a strong correlation with target AUC24/MIC with a sensitivity of 94.1%and specificity of 75.0%. Conclusion: This study concluded using only a trough level is not appropriate for therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of vancomycin. In our population, target AUC24/MIC (≥ 400) had a reasonably strong correlation with the trough level before the fifth dose which achieved with trough level ≥10.81 mg/L and MIC< 1 mg/L.
6,7-Disubstituted-4-anilinoquinazoline: Design, Synthesis and Anticancer Activity as a Novel Series of Potent Anticancer Agents
Authors: Azmian Moghadam Fatemeh , Evazalipour Mehdi , Kefayati Hassan , Ghasemi Saeed
Published: July 2021

Background: Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) are responsible for several pathological conditions such as the development of different kinds of tumors. The combined inhibition of both signal transduction pathways seems to be a promising novel approach for cancer treatment. Methods: In this study, novel 4-anilinoquinazoline derivatives with various substituents on-7 position of quinazoline moiety were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their antiproliferative activity against A431 and HU02 cell lines. Results: Compounds 8a, 8d, and 8f displayed the most potent anticancer activities against A431(IC50 = 1.78 μM, 8.25 μM, and 7.18 μM, respectively) in comparison with reference standards(erlotinib IC50=8.31 μM and vandetanib IC50=10.62 μM). Molecular docking studies proved that8a as the most potent compound could be efficiently accommodated in the ATP binding site ofEGFR and VEGFR-2 through the formation of essential hydrogen bonds between quinazolineN1 atom and the Met796 backbone of EGFR as well as the Cys919 backbone of VEGFR-2 with a distance of 1.94 Å and 1.398 Å, respectively. Conclusion: Compound 8a as the most potent compound with morpholine and 3-bromoaniline at the 7 and 4 positions of quinazoline scaffold, respectively, deserves more study and structural optimization as an anticancer agent.
Novel foundation course for medical students: student and faculty perspectives
Authors: M Amrutha A , Mangasuli Vijayalaxmi , CP Ganashree , D Yogesh
Published: July 2021

Background: According to the National Medical Council (NMC) recommendation, the foundation course was carried out in our institution for I MBBS 2019 and 2020 students. The current study was done to solicit the viewpoints of the students and faculty members about the connection of the topics included in the foundation course. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out to seek the perspectives of students who took the foundation course and the faculties involving in teaching the topics allotted for the 2019 and 2020 MBBS students. Google Forms was used to collect the data, which was analyzed by Excel. Results: The general experience of the students and faculty was uniformly positive for 100% for both students and faculty in the 2019 group, and 94.1% and 97.8% for students and faculty, respectively, in the 2020 group. In the 2019 group, the skills module was recognized as the most appropriate module in the foundation course with (77.8%), followed by sports and extracurricular activities module (both at 64.6%). In the 2020 group, the professional development and ethics module was recognized as most appropriate by 89.3% of students, followed by the orientation module (83.3%) and language & computer skills module (80.9%) Conclusions: This Foundation Course for MBBS students provided before the start of the medical curriculum is a novel and useful step. Feedback from various colleges across India can help make this course still more useful.
Factors affecting academic failure in medical students in Iran
Authors: Tajabadi Zohreh , Miri Matineh Sadat , Ahmadi Soliman , Pourrahimi Matineh , Abdi Mojtaba , Jalilvand Hadi , Helichi Mohammad , Pirzade Moghaddam Nadia , Alinejade Nafise , Hazbenejad Alireza
Published: July 2021

Background: Students are considered part of the capital of each country. Several factors can affect their educational status and, as a result, contribute to their academic failure. The current study seeks to investigate the relationship between students’ academic failure and the affecting factors with the Iranian Educational Ranking of Universities. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study. The required sample size was calculated using Cochran’s formula. A researcher-made questionnaire with 5 parts was used to collect data. Kruskal Wallis and Spearman’s analysis of variance was used for analysis. The significance level was considered as 0.05. Results: A total of 1215 people participated; 13.7% of students had had an academic failure and 2.0% of them were on academic probation. There was a correlation between university RAD rank and academic failure (r = -0.098 and P = 0.0001) as well as student satisfaction (r = 0.264 – P = 0.0001). There was a significant difference between an academic drop and academic grade in three ranks of university (Pv= 0.0001), and, interestingly, having moved from Rank 1 to 3, having academic grade increases, and having academic failure decreases. Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, the higher ranked the college campus is on the RAD scale, the higher the academic failure rate. For annual assessment of universities, it is proposed that assessment of academic failure and grades be used as a benchmark.
The Impact of Knowledge Management (KM) Strategies on Employee Job Satisfaction: A Study of RMG in Bangladesh
Authors: Hasan Mia Md , Abdul Kayum Chowdhuary Md
Published: July 2021

Knowledge management (KM) strategy is a crucial part of personnel management and retention of talents. This paper aims at identifying the impact and relation of knowledge management on employee satisfaction. The study is based on hypothesis and the data was collected by a questionnaire survey from 35 employees of reputed garments organization of Bangladesh. Satisfaction rely on factors like compensation structure, user friendly, relation with co-worker, autonomy, workload etc. The core findings of the study is codified strategy is more user friendly, but the practice of tacit strategy with proper incentives increase the overall satisfaction of employee though there are more workload. The employees are more comfortable with tacit strategy than codified strategy. The study is only focused on garments employee where KM strategy is widely practice all spheres of Human Resource Management (HRM). However, The paper reveal how KM strategy can increase employee satisfaction. The HR people and decision maker can understand and design appropriate KM strategy from this study. Therefore, organization also can manage and retain the talents by designing and applying findings of the study.
A Study on Factor Influencing Customer Choice of Store Selection and Behaviour in Organized Retail Outlets in Madurai
Authors: Duraichamy J , Srinivasan K R
Published: July 2021

Retailing is a major business in India, organized retailers are entering in to Indian markets to reach mass sales and maximize profit , in this stage retailers should aware of the factor that influencing customer choice of store and customer behaviour, loyalty of the customer is a tool to reach profitability and with hold in market, and objective of this study is to know the factor which influences customer choice of store selection and their behaviour in organized retail out lets in Madurai, 175 samples were selected using simple random sampling method, data collected with the structured interview schedule, SPSS package has been used for statistical analysis.
Trends in Production, Procurement of Milk by Co-Operative Societies in Kerala
Authors: Nimisha M , Shanmugam P
Published: July 2021

Dairy sector has great contribution to the GDP of the country has come from the milk dairy cooperative sector. Milk and milk products are perhaps one of the very few consumption items common in all cultures around the world. Indian dairy Co-operative Societies sector contributes the large share in agricultural gross domestic products. Presently there are around 70,000 village dairy cooperative societies across the country. The main aim of this paper is to analyses the performance of Milk procurement and sales by dairy co-operative societies in Kerala. The study based on secondary data has been collected from dairy co-operative society’s annual reports and the period of study from 1995 to 2018 and 2018 to 2020, expressed that the procurement has shown an increasing trend throughout the state of Kerala.
Social Barriers to Nation Building in Afghanistan
Authors: Faqiri Sayed Mohammad , Faqirzada Abdul Shakoor
Published: July 2021

The present study aims to examine the social barriers to nation-building in Afghanistan. In this qualitative type of research, the semi-structured interview tools were used to collect data. After the interviews, the obtained information was coded and analyzed. The findings of this study showed that the most significant social barriers to the nation-building process in Afghanistan were the ethnic structure of power, wars, ethnic elites, and interference from neighboring countries, inability to use the presence of foreigners, traditional society, and the lack of cultural discourses, the definition of ethnic identity, hegemony, ethnic totalitarianism, and toxic antidote. Also, social factors on political, economic, cultural, and geographical issues were examined in this study. The most important political obstacles to the nation-building process in Afghanistan have been social disunity, the presence of foreigners, exceptional opportunity, political instability, and the lack of national political leaders and parties.The most important cultural barriers are the illusion of conspiracy, cultural confrontation, and low level of awareness and lack of common aspirations. Recent findings of this study show that citizenship rights can be the central pillar in the establishment of a nation. Citizenship right is a new concept that equalizes the political, social, and cultural rights of all members in a society.
5G Technology
Authors: Sankar K
Published: July 2021

5G is almost around the corner. 5G as a buzzword has been knocking on our doors for some time now sans a lot of action on the ground. However, that’s about to change as the Department of Telecom (DOT) recently approved applications from Telecom Service Providers (TSPs) to conduct trials for the use and application of 5G technology. While field trials begin here in India, 5G as a technology has been commercially available in just over 50 countries such as France, South Korea, the US, etc. for a few years and there are valuable lessons that we can take from launches, successes, and failures in these markets. Indian operators could learn from their counterparts’ experience and avoid or rather not repeat the same mistake which their counterparts might have made.Let’s take the case of 5G in France that has been commercially available since November 2020. A recent study done by us showed that there exists a gap in the quality of experience delivered by TSPs on 5G. The study was the first of its kind, measured experience on real devices placed in actual customer locations across nine major French cities. It revealed that while the incumbent operator provided average speeds of 146 Mbps, the newer operator is left far behind at 28 Mbps, which is a speed one would expect on 4G. These discrepancies between operators could be a result of different deployment strategies.Such discrepancies can be problematic as they finally impact end customers. And in today’s time when the nation is grappling a devastating second wave of the Covid-19 pandemic, providing seamless digital experience so that digital applications ranging from education and work to entertainment and dining can continue remotely.
The The Social Contract Theories of Thomas Hobbes and John Locke: Comparative Analysis
Authors: V Sasan John Michael
Published: July 2021

This study engages in the concept of social contract of Hobbes and Locke, and the similarities and differences of their ideas. Thomas Hobbes and John Locke both begin their political ideas with a discussion on the state of nature and the danger of living outside the community. For Thomas Hobbes, the state of nature is chaotic; it is in the state of mutual competition. He claims that the state of nature is a state of war, every man against everybody. Due to a constant competition for power and reputation, the man’s equality leads the state of nature into chaos. Man who is bestowed with equal capacities for thinking and reasoning is moved by whatever he wants for survival and preservation no matter what it takes. This state of nature, according to Thomas Hobbes, is a state of egoistic self-preservation and necessity for survival. Meanwhile, John Locke is rather optimistic in his view in the state of nature, compared to the pessimistic view of Thomas Hobbes. He sees humans as decent species which are capable of knowing what is right and wrong. Although man in the state of nature lives with full freedom, yet he is still at risk of harm and invasion. The property is very unsafe and unsecure, however, free yet full of fears. On this matter, man realizes and decides to create a contract and agree to the terms for peaceful and secure life for the safe and security of their liberty and possession. Furthermore, for Thomas Hobbes, social contract is a mutual transferring of rights to the sovereign. For him, social contract is responsible for the morality and the conception of right and wrong, just and unjust. Hence, social contract is very significant to every individual because it is the source of law and regulations and basis of morality. For Locke, the chief reason why man in creating an agreement or contract is the property. The main argument is Locke’s social contract.
Efektivitas Baby Massage Dan Baby Gym Terhadap Kualitas Tidur Bayi Usia 3-6 Bulan
Authors: Nurhudariani Rose , Ratnasari Yeni Dwi , Sonhaji Sonhaji , Umariyah Febriyanti Siti Nur
Published: July 2021

Baby massage dan baby gym adalah upaya untuk meningkatkan kualitas tidur pada bayi.  Masalah tidur pada bayi di Indonesia cukup banyak, yaitu sekitar 44,2% bayi mengalami gangguan tidur seperti sering terbangun di malam hari. Namun lebih dari 72% orang tua menganggap gangguan tidur bukan suatu masalah atau hanya masalah kecil, hal tersebut diungkapkan oleh sebuah penelitian pada tahun 2014-2015 yang dilaksanakan di lima kota besar di Indonesia Berdasarkan data awal terdapat 20 bayi yang datang ke posyandu dan ditemukan 17 bayi yang mengalami gangguan tidur. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui efektivitas baby massage dan baby gym terhadap kualitas tidur bayi usia 3-6 bulan di Desa Talang Tegal. Jenis penelitian adalah kuantitatif dengan two group pre and post test  design. Sampel sebanyak 34 bayi yang diberikan perlakuan baby massage dan baby gym dilakukan selama 2 minggu 3x seminggu, untuk baby massage 15 menit sedangkan untuk baby gym 5 menit. Terdapat pengaruh baby massage terhadap kualitas tidur bayi usia 3-6 bulan dengan  p value 0.000. Terdapat pengaruh baby gym terhadap kualitas tidur bayi usia 3-6 bulan dengan  p value 0,001. Tidak terdapat perbedaan efektivitas baby massage dan baby gym terhadap kualitas tidur bayi usia 3 – 6 bulan. Kata kunci : baby gym; baby massage; kualitas tidur bayi  The Effectiveness of Baby Massage And Baby Gym on Sleep Quality of 3-6 Months Baby ABSTRACT  Baby massage and baby gym are efforts to improve the quality of sleep in babies. There are quite a number of sleep problems in infants in Indonesia, which is around 44.2% of infants experiencing sleep disorders such as frequent awakenings at night. However, more than 72% of parents consider sleep disturbances not a problem or just a minor problem, this was revealed by a 2014-2015 study conducted in five major cities in Indonesia. Based on initial data there were 20 babies who came to the Integrated Healthcare Centre and found 17 babies with sleep disorders. The purpose of the study was to determine the effectiveness of baby massage and baby gym on the sleep quality of baby aged 3-6 months in Talang Tegal Village. This type of research was quantitative with two groups pre-post test design. A sample of 34 babies who were given baby massage and baby gym treatment was carried out for 2 weeks 3 time each week, for baby massage 15 minutes while for baby gym 5 minutes. There is an effect of baby massage on the sleep quality of babies aged 3-6 months with a p value of 0.000. There is an effect of baby gym on the sleep quality of babies aged 3-6 months with a p value of 0.001. There is no difference in the effectiveness of baby massage and baby gym on the sleep quality of babies aged 3-6 months. Keywords: baby gym; baby massages; sleep quality of baby
Video Edukasi Atraktif Dalam Meningkatkan Keterampilan Cuci Tangan
Authors: Aulia Fika , Mirawati Mirawati , Sari Bening Prawita
Published: July 2021

Perilaku Hidup Bersih Sehat (PHBS) merupakan upaya untuk membentuk perilaku masyarakat yang peduli dengan kesehatan. Salah satu upaya PHBS adalah Cuci Tangan Pakai Sabun (CTPS). Praktik mencuci tangan dengan sabun perlu diterapkan sejak usia dini sebagai upaya mencegah penularan penyakit berbasis lingkungan. Salah satu kelompok yang cocok  keberhasilan penyampaian pesan CTPS adalah anak sekolah misalnya dengan memberikan edukasi melalui video edukasi atraktif. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain Quasy Experiment dengan menggunakan model rancangan one group pretest-posttest. Alat pengumpulan data menggunakan Checklist Keterampilan Cuci Tangan. Diperoleh hasil sebagian besar responden berketerampilan kurang dalam mencuci tangan sebanyak 26 anak (74,3%) sedangkan sesudah diberi perlakuan sebagian besar dari responden yaitu 29 anak (82,9%) berketerampilan baik dalam mencuci tangan. Nilai uji beda Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test didapatkan p value (0,000) dimana nilai p value <0,05 sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada pengaruh penyuluhan cuci tangan menggunakan media video atraktif terhadap keterampilan cuci tangan pada siswa Madrasah Diniyah Awaliyah Belawang. Kata kunci: video atraktif; cuci tangan; keterampilanATTRACTIVE EDUCATIONAL VIDEOS IN IMPROVING HANDWASHING SKILLS ABSTRACT  Clean and Healthy Behavior is an effort to make people's cares about health. One of the Clean and Healthy Behavior efforts is Washing Hands with Soap. Practice of washing hands with soap needs to be applied from an early age to prevent environmental-based disease transmission. One of the groups that is suitable for successful delivery this is school children by giving handwashing counseling using attractive educational videos. This study used a Quasy Experiment design using a one group pretest-posttest. Data collect tool used the Handwashing Skills Checklist. The results of this study were most of the respondents with low skills in washing hands were 26 children (74.3%), while after being given treatment most of the respondents were 29 children (82.9%) who had good skills in washing hands. The value of the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test difference test obtained p value (0.000) where the p value <0.05, so it can be concluded that there is an effect of attractive educational videos to improving handwashing skills in Madrasah Diniyah Awaliyah Belawang students Keywords : video attractive; hand washing; skills
Consecuencias del agotamiento laboral en tiendas de conveniencia
Authors: Máynez-Guaderrama Aurora Irma , Cavazos-Arroyo Judith
Published: July 2021

El objetivo fue indagar el efecto de tres variables estresantes sobre el agotamiento laboral, su efecto sobre el cinismo organizacional y la intención de rotación. El método fue la modelación de ecuaciones estructurales PLS. Los resultados mostraron que la carga laboral y el riesgo ocupacional afectan significativamente al agotamiento emocional, influyendo en el cinismo y finalmente en la intención de rotación. La originalidad radica en el uso de la teoría de la conservación de los recursos del estrés, a través de tres estresores: condiciones laborales, carga laboral y riesgo ocupacional en un sector poco estudiado en el contexto mexicano. Los hallazgos destacan a la sobrecarga laboral y al riesgo ocupacional como antecedentes que conducen al agotamiento emocional, posteriormente al cinismo y llevan al trabajador a tener la intención de abandonar la organización. Las limitaciones se encuentran en que el estudio se llevó a cabo solo en una cadena y transversalmente.
Trayectorias del ahorro: el régimen pensionario mexicano
Authors: Cigarroa Ríos Clarisa , Trejo García José Carlos , Olivares Aguayo Héctor Alonso
Published: July 2021

Este trabajo tiene el objetivo de identificar trayectorias en la administración del ahorro de trabajadores mexicanos de 2012 a 2018. Se realizaron diversas trayectorias en la administración del ahorro derivado de sus salarios para el fondo de pensiones de los trabajadores mexicanos con información del periodo mencionado, utilizado el método de tipo cuantitativo con la aplicación de simulaciones con escenarios mediante cadenas de Markov. La originalidad está en la aplicación de simulaciones de Montecarlo al considerar información específica de la ENOE como; nivel de escolaridad, género, nivel de ingreso, además de la contribución al régimen formal del IMSS en el periodo de retiro. Los resultados muestran el gran nivel de impacto de las variables, como el nivel de escolaridad, que presenta un impacto mayor al monto final de retiro para el caso de los hombres.
Can Indirect Estimation Methods and the Medical Officer of Health Reports 'Correct' Distorted Infant Mortality Rates Reported by the Registrar General? The Case of London, 1896–1911
Authors: Rafferty Sarah L
Published: July 2021

The Registrar General's Returns are an integral source for historical demographers. Concerns have been raised, however, over the geographical accuracy of their pre-1911 mortality figures when institutional deaths were not redistributed to place of residence. This paper determines the extent of the distortions caused by institutional mortality in the context of aggregate infant mortality rates for London's registration sub-districts. The potential of two alternative methods to 'correct' these distortions is then assessed. The first method uses indirect estimation techniques based on data from the 1911 Fertility Census, and the second exploits the rich detail available from the Medical Officer of Health reports. Through narrowing the focus to seven London registration sub-districts over the years 1896–1911, it is shown that both suggested alternative methods remove the institutional mortality biases found in the Registrar General's figures, yet they come with their own limitations.
Comparative microbiological study of methods of using Metrogyl Dent gel in the treatment of periodontitis
Authors: Popov A.A. , Volkov A.G. , Olesov E.E. , Dikopova N.Zh. , Zaslavsky S.A.
Published: July 2021

Summary
The common drug Metrogyl Denta can be used in different ways in the treatment of periodontitis, in particular, in the form of applications or using high-frequency ultrasound.
The article is devoted to the study of the effect of various methods of using Metrogyl Dent gel on the microbiota of periodontal pockets in periodontitis. In 40 patients with a diagnosis of moderate periodontitis, the treatment complex included a combined effect of high-frequency ultrasound and an antibacterial preparation of Metrogyl Dent gel (ultraphonophoresis of Metrogil Dent gel) or Metrogil Dent was used as applications (20 people in the compared groups).
The contents of the pathological periodontal pockets were studied twice before treatment (after removing dental deposits), and also after 10 days of treatment. Microbiological examination to identify periodontal pathogenic bacterial microbiota was carried out using the anaerobic culture technique.
Ultraphonophoresis of Metrogyl Denta gel has a more pronounced antibacterial effect in comparison with the applications of this drug. The combined effect of high-frequency ultrasound and Metrogyl Denta gel makes it possible to create a drug depot in the periodontal tissues.
Comparative evaluation of the manufacturing time of arch prosthesis frames created using traditional and digital technologies
Authors: Vokulova Y.A.
Published: July 2021

The aim of the study was to conduct a comparative assessment of the time spent by an orthopedic dentist and a dental technician for manufacturing the frames of arch prostheses obtained using digital and traditional technologies. The patients were divided into two groups. The first group consisted of 10 patients (4 men and 6 women), whose orthopedic treatment was performed with arch prostheses made according to the traditional method. Patients in the second group (7 men and 3 women) were treated using additive manufacturing technology. In total, 20 frames of arch prostheses were made, 10 in each group. The Mann-Whitney U-test was used for statistical analysis of the results obtained. Based on the data obtained, it was found that for the manufacture of an arc prosthesis frame using the Asiga Max UV 3D printer, an orthopedic dentist needs to spend 40.9±5.322 minutes, and a dental technician — 177.2±9.259 minutes. To make the frame of an arc prosthesis using traditional casting technology, the orthopedic dentist must spend 41.1±5.322 minutes, and the dental technician — 240.3±8.895 minutes. These data allowed us to conclude that the production of the arch prosthesis frame using modern digital technologies requires less total time and time spent by a dental technician in the laboratory, compared to the traditional casting method (p<0,0166667). No statistical differences were found between the time spent by the orthopedic dentist in the clinic when manufacturing the arch prosthesis frame using digital and traditional methods.
Signs of temporomandibular joint dysfunction in individuals with different dentition defects and unequal preservation of antagonist pairs of teeth
Authors: Redinov I.S. , Pylaeva Ye.A. , Strakh O.O. , Lysenko B.A.
Published: July 2021

As a result of examination and questionnaire of 143 patients who applied for orthopedic treatment of defects of teeth and dental rows, it was found that signs of dysfunction of temporomandibular joint with preserved dental rows are diagnosed in 36—55% cases, and with defects of dental rows — in 45—90% cases.
The absence of eighth teeth in the dental row does not significantly change the functional state of the dental-jaw system. A statistically significant frequency of signs of EHS dysfunction has been identified among individuals having terminal dentition defects.In patients with terminal dentition defects, each 3rd patient is diagnosed with cochleovestibular syndrome, and in each 2nd, sounds are determined in the area of VNHS when the lower jaw moves.
It has been found that if 15—13 and 12—11 pairs of antagonist teeth are preserved, the signs of dysfunction are determined in 55—45% cases, if the number of teeth having antagonists is reduced to 10—5 (in 90.0% these are patients with preserved 7—8 pairs of antagonist teeth), then the frequency of dysfunction signs increases to
75.0% (t1-3=1.33; t2-3=2.00), in such patients significantly more often — in 75.0% of cases, mandibular deviation is diagnosed when opening and closing the mouth than in persons with a large number of preserved antagonist teeth, respectively 55.0% (t=2.66) and 45.0% (t=3.93) in 1 and 2 groups.
Thus, the identification of such signs as crunching, clicking in the joints, hearing loss or tinnitus, suggests the presence of intra-articular disorders in such patients. The deviation of the jaw from its main trajectory when opening the mouth indicates the possible involvement of the masticators muscles in the pathological process. All this requires the dentist to carry out early diagnosis and timely orthopedic treatment.
Present-day Special Features of the Don River Basin Rivers Spring Tide
Authors:   Kireyeva M.B., Frolova N.L.
Published: July 2021

The article is devoted to present-day specific features of the Don River basin rivers spring tide. On the basis of the recent data on the rivers’ water regime changes of maximal water flow, duration of high water period, high water runoff fractions in the annual runoff and hydrograph forms have been shown. It has been demonstrated that the spring tide character change is closely linked with the other phases of rivers’ water regime change.
Investigation of Hydrological Characteristics’ Dynamics of the Regulated High Water Runoff of the Belaya River Middle Flow
Authors:   Yurov V.M., Khafizov A.R., Kulyev I.I., Gabdullin R.G.
Published: July 2021

On the basis of observations of Yumaguzinsk and Nugush dams’ sites and Sterlitomak City site over the 2006–2011 period the dynamics of hydrological characteristics of the regulated high water runoff of the Belaya River middle flow up to the Sterlitomak site has been studied. Hydrological characteristics have been determined; their dependence on meteorological factors’ impact has been demonstrated. Per cent relations of the annual runoff and high water volumes have been revealed.
Thresholds of Natural Ecosystems Quality Norms Obtained in the Framework of in situ-Technology of Water Quality Controlling
Authors:   Bulgakov N.G., Risnik D.V., Levich A.P., Milko E.S.
Published: July 2021

The article deals with the different ways of aquatic ecosystems bioindication in order to determine the normal range of their quality by biological and physical-chemical indicators. The novelty of the work lies in the fact that the original environmental control technology is proposed based on the analysis of data of monitoring of natural ecosystems rather than toxicological data of laboratory experiments. The value of this paper is the proposed methods of assessment of aquatic ecosystems. These methods involve the use of information on the ecosystems that do not require additional data collection based on existing data (in this case, on the abundance and biomass of species and size classes of phytoplankton). The conclusions from the obtained results are determination of normal borders for biological indicators and physical-chemical characteristics by which we can judge safety or disturbance of ecosystems.
On the Issue of Permissible Withdrawal of Water Resources from the Amur River Basin Water Bodies and Ecological Runoff
Authors:   Bortin N.N., Gorchakov A.M., Milayev V.M.
Published: July 2021

The paper presents substantiation and results of setting norms of permissible impact in terms of water resources withdrawal and ecological runoff (discharge) for the Amur River water bodies. Analysis of the conditions of critical water discharge rate values’ formation has been done, and the schemes of the said conditions’ determination have been composed.
On Some Regularities of Groundwater Distribution and Composition on the South of the Western-Siberian Region
Authors:   Dzyubo V.V., Alferova L.I.
Published: July 2021

Analysis and characteristics of groundwater resources of the region particular territories have been presented in the work, and assessment of their qualitative structure has been given. It has been shown that the use of groundwater for the purposes of public drinking water supply demands obligatory correspondence of its quality to the drinking standard.
The Basic Chemical Composition and Organic Matter Content in the Mineral Waters of the Shadrinsk Field
Authors:   Zhernakova Z.M., Deyeva N.N., Smagina N.V., Slyshkina T. V., Pecherskikh E. G.
Published: July 2021

The paper presents main results of studying the chemical composition, organic matter content in carbonic mineral waters of 8 wells of Shadrinsk deposits for the period 2005–2012. Organic matter is analyzed by 3 methods: permanganate oxidation, dichromate oxidability (COD), instrumentally analyzer TOC-L CPN (C org). The monitoring results showed that the salinity, content of the major ions, permanganate oxidation, organic carbon in explored mineral waters met the standards set for mineral drinking medicinal waters of Shadrinsk field.
Method of Artificial Floodplain Channels Construction in Transbaikalia and Substantiation of its Environmental and Economic Efficiency
Authors:   Bosov M.A., Sokolov A.V.
Published: July 2021

The paper identified the problems of design and construction of artificial floodplain channels in Transbaikalia. A new method of construction of artificial water bodies aims to prevent erosion and reduce water pollution with suspended solids due to changing the properties of the constituent building ground. The authors cover issues related to the difficulty of determining the damage to water bodies when applying artificial channels in the absence of a consistent methodology for this type of work. A comparison of charges for watercourse pollution with suspended solids when constructing an artificial floodplain channel (the Chelutay River, Transbaikal region) according to the traditional technology and according to the proposed method.
Formation of the Volga Reservoirs Water Quality in the Abnormal Weather Conditions
Authors:   Selezneva A.V., Bespalova K.V., Seleznev V.A.
Published: July 2021

Results of the Volga water (the Saratov reservoir) quality monitoring in the abnormal weather conditions of 2010 году have been presented. It was stated that hydrodynamic processes and temperature regime affected mass development of cyanobacteria and water quality deterioration.
Sorbents Based on Commercial Cellulose Intended for Radioactively Contaminated Waters and Natural Water Bodies Rehabilitation
Authors:   Voronina A.V., Chaikina T.I., Nikiforov A.F., Driker B.N., Vurasko A.V., Frolova Y.I.
Published: July 2021

The possibility of use of cellulose pulp obtained from corn wastes as well as surface-modified sorbents based on this cellulose for decontamination of radioactively contaminated water from caesium, strontium and yttrium radio/nuclides has been studied. High specificity of the modified sorbents with respect to caesium has been shown.
Forecast of the Maximal Flow for the Caucasus Black Sea Coast Rivers
Authors:   Belyakova P.A., Borshch S.V., Khristoforov A.V., Yumina N.M.
Published: July 2021

Methods of the maximum river flow forecasting of the Mzymta, Sochi, Zapadnyi Dagomys, Kuapse, Tuapse and Vulan rivers have been developed in order to prevent the flood risk on the rivers of the Black Sea coast. Approach of sufficiently accurate and efficient forecasting of maximum discharges and water levels with a lead time of one day has been developed on the basis of a hydrological model of snowmelt and rainfall runoff formation. A scheme for the computation of daily critical precipitation amount at the meteorological stations causing the exceeding with a given probability of critical flow rates and water levels during the expected day was proposed. Techniques of dangerous flooding probability computation during the next day and next five days depending on the initial hydro/meteorological data available on the forecast issue date of hydro/meteorological information have been developed. The proposed methods can be implemented in the operational automated flood forecasting system and used for warning of dangerous floods on the rivers of the Black Sea coast.
Payment for Pollutants Discharge as a Regulation Tool of any Activity on Water Bodies’ Protection against Negative Impact of Economic/industrial Systems
Authors:   Merzlikina Y.B., Prokhorova N.B.
Published: July 2021

Drawbacks of the current mechanism of payment for negative impact upon water bodies (in terms of pollutants discharge), as well as directions of improvement of the payment calculation procedure with taking into consideration of the drafts of the legal/regulatory base changing in the sphere of regulation of nature use and nature protective activity have been considered. The key recommendations on the payment system application altering have been outlined on the basis of the national and international expertise and practical experience.
The Effect of Earnings Management and Signaling on Loss Loan Provision: The Role of Bank Capitalization
Authors: Jasman Jasman , Murwaningsari Etty , Mayangsari Sekar , Mulyani Susi Dwi
Published: July 2021

Objective - Loan loss provision is an accrual for the banking industry, and therefore has a significant effect on bank accounting earnings and capital requirements. Previous studies showed inconsistent results for the relationship between earnings management, signaling, and loan loss provision. The difference in the results is thought to be caused by bank capitalization. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the role of bank capitalization on the effect of earnings management and signaling on loan loss provision.

Methodology – The sample consists of 86 conventional banks in Indonesia for the period of 2015-2019. Furthermore, this study used panel data analysis of multiple regression.

Findings – The results showed earnings management has no effect on loan loss provision. In contrast, signaling has a positive and significant effect. Although bank capitalization is not proven to weaken the effect of earnings management on loan loss provision, it strengthens the positive effect of signaling on loan loss provision.

Novelty – This study proves that bank capitalization has an important role in moderating signaling impact on loan loss provision but not for the effect of earnings management. This is due to the potential for earnings management in banks is relatively low because banks are highly regulated entities and with regulated governance mechanisms limit the managers' discretionary accounting decisions.

Type of Paper - Empirical

Keywords: Bank Capitalization, Earnings Management, Signaling

JEL Classification: G23, G32.

URI: http://gatrenterprise.com/GATRJournals/JFBR/vol6.1_1.html

DOI: https://doi.org/10.35609/jfbr.2021.6.1(1)

Pages 43 – 50
THE EVOLUTION OF UNIVERSITY CORE COURSE: FROM THE HISTORY OF NATION BUILDING OF MALAYSIA TO THE APPRECIATION OF ETHICS AND CIVILIZATION
Authors: Esa Mohd Sohaimi , Ationg Romzi , Othman Irma Wani , Mohd Shah Mohd Kamal , Yusoff Muhammad Safuan , Ramlie Habibah Artini , Abang Muis Abang Mohd. Razif
Published: July 2021

University core courses are the foundation courses prescribed by the university. Students are required to take and must pass this course. At the Universiti Malaysia Sabah (UMS), one of the university's core courses in the History of the Nation Building of Malaysia, a course that was introduced in parallel with the establishment of UMS in 1994. This course is being offered by the Centre for the Promotion of Knowledge and Language Learning (CPKLL) for undergraduate students in UMS. In 2004, this course renamed the History of the Nation Building of Malaysia and later replaced by a newly introduced course namely Ethnic Relations in 2008. Subsequently, this core course has renamed the Appreciation of Ethics and Civilization in 2020. This paper discusses the evolution of the core courses by focusing on the synopsis, objectives, and content of these three courses, as well as the teaching and learning methods. The discussion is largely a descriptive narrative and descriptive-analytical based on the analysis of primary and secondary texts, as well as the experience and observations of the author in conducting the core course. Thus, the study found that the university's core courses are dynamic and flexible, as well as in line with current needs and requirements in an effort to meet the components of Malaysian nationhood.
THE ISSUE OF THE INTRODUCTION OF JAWI SCRIPT AND KHAT IN SEKOLAH JENIS KEBANGSAAN (SJK) FROM UNDERGRADUATES’ PERCEPTION
Authors: Ramlie Habibah @ Artini , Mohd Nor Norshahrul Marzuki , Abang Muis Abang Mohd. Razif , Othman Irma Wani , Ationg Romzi , Yusoff Muhammad Safuan , Jamal Mohamad Basri
Published: July 2021

Jawi script and Khat are a Malay heritage and cultural tradition with high artistic value. For centuries both were used as mediums of communication in everyday life in Nusantara especially in the Malay Peninsula before this role was replaced by the Roman script. The effort to revive the Jawi script and Khat by introducing them in Sekolah Jenis Kebangsaan (SJK) has given rise to issues and opinions from various parties. This study, therefore, was aimed at exploring the perception of undergraduates on the issue. This study was in the form of a survey and utilised the questionnaire method. A total of 326 first semester undergraduates of Universiti Malaysia Sabah (UMS) drawn from various faculties and ethnic backgrounds responded to 21 questions in the questionnaire regarding the implementation of Jawi and Khat in Sekolah Jenis Kebangsaan (SJK) Descriptive analysis of the findings showed eight questionnaire items generating 80% or more agreement which proved that the respondents viewed Jawi script and Khat as a unique artistic element capable of inculcating unity. Although both reflect Islamic and Malay history and identity, Jawi script and Khat are suitable to be introduced in schools since these develop various skills and at the same time enable students to produce and diversify creative works in written form.
THE ROLE OFISTEM VOLUNTEERISM TOWARDS iV-STEM MODULE THROUGH PRACTICAL SKILLS IN THE STEM SKILL INFORMATION ONLINE
Authors: Khalid Ahmad Khudzairi , Nor’rah Nurul Balqis , Tukiman Norbaiti , Mohd Shafee CT Munnirah Niesha
Published: July 2021

In the context of the Covid-19 pandemic that is sweeping the world today, volunteering continues to be an important agenda in the country's development mission. The participation of the community, especially the younger generation in volunteer activities is very important in creating an empathetic community. Therefore, to produce a national group that has a clear and far-sighted goal, it is very appropriate if the youths can continue to engage in volunteer activities. Nowadays, volunteering in the field of STEM education is very rare we hear, especially its implementation among university students. Not only that, according to the Ministry of Education Malaysia, the number of students taking Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) subjects is decreasing every year. Lack of interest and exposure about the enjoyment of learning STEM subjects is a major factor in the lack of student's number in the STEM stream. Thus, this study aims to propose create a team of STEM Volunteers known as iV-STEM@Volunteers STEM, produce an online STEM module that is the iV-STEM capsule module and apply it to among of primary school students. Descriptive statistical methods were used to evaluate the program through organized feedback. A closer approach is implemented through the online STEM program and several competitions to test the level of STEM mastery of students are organized. Each online STEM program organized makes full use of the iV-STEM capsule module developed using STEM elements. Analysis from the study shows that the efforts of the group iV-STEM@Volunteers STEM have a positive impact in efforts to strengthen STEM education until the enrollment of STEM field enrollment reaches 60% by i2023.