bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Efficient 4-Step Synthesis of Favipiravir with Industrial Potential
Authors: Vunnam Kiran Kumar , Katari Naresh Kumar , Pydimarry Surya Prakash Rao , Marisetti Vishnu Murthy , Gundla Rambabu
Published: April 2023

An efficient, economical synthetic route is developed for the antiviral drug favipiravir using a four-steps
instead of a six-step protocol. Starting with 6-bromo-3-hydroxypyrazine-2-carboxamide the method
offers an overall 65% molar yield. The prime intermediate 3,6-difluoropyrazine-2-carbonitrile was
synthesized by reacting 3,6-dichloropyrazine-2-carbonitrile with potassium fluoride using
tetrabutyl-ammonium bromide (TBAB) as a phase transfer catalyst in toluene and DMSO medium at
reflux temperature (120 ºC). A simple purification method from fluoro intermediate was developed by
making dicyclohexylamine salt and a neutral compound using hydrogen peroxide. The prepared pure
favipiravir is fully characterized using NMR Mass and IR techniques. Validated analytical HPLC
methods assessed the purity of the drug. The quality of the drug synthesized in terms of assay and
impurities is well within the ICH and pharmacopeia standards.
Structural, Optical, Magnetic and Dielectric Properties of CoFe12O19
Synthesized in the Presence of Moringa oleifera Flower Extract
Authors: Gor Abhishek A. , Jani Mrunali , Sanchela Anup V. , Devashrayee N.M. , Jotania Rajshree B. , Chauhan Chetna C.
Published: April 2023

In this study, a unique approach was employed to synthesize M-type cobalt hexaferrite (CoFe12O19)
using Moringa oleifera flower extract as a green capping agent. For 3 h, the calcination procedure was
conducted at 1100 ºC. It was found that the structural, optical, microstructural, magnetic and dielectric
properties of the generated cobalt hexaferrite were considerably affected by the presence of
phytochemicals in floral extract. To evaluate the structural, surface morphological, optical, magnetic
and dielectric properties of prepared ferrite, a variety of characterization techniques including FT-IR,
XRD, UV-Vis, SEM, VSM and dielectric techniques were applied. The XRD analysis showed the
formation of a hexagonal phase along with hematite and cobalt ferrite, while the surface morphology
showed hexagonal shaped platelet structure. With a saturation magnetization (Ms) of 14.94 emu/g and
a coercivity (Hc) of 1790.9 Oe, the CoFe12O19 powder demonstrated a multidomain nature, which is a
magnetically hard material. Furthermore, the energy bandgap of the cobalt ferrite was observed to be
2.01 eV. Low frequency dielectric measurement was carried out at room temperature and ε′max ~ 46
found at 30 Hz with tan δ equals to 0.103. The dielectric behaviour with frequency follows the Koop’s
model and Maxwell-Wagner theory. One semicircle arc was observed in Cole-Cole plot.
Design, Synthesis and Characterization of Novel
1H-1,2,3-Triazole Quinoline-Isatin Tethered Conjugates
Authors: Kant Ravi , Saini Keshav Kumar , Upadhyay Ravindra Kumar , Amri Nasser , Kumar Rakesh , Kumar Lalita S.
Published: April 2023

Quinoline is an important heterocyclic scaffold which is found in a variety of natural compounds
(cinchona alkaloids) and therapeutically active drugs with various biological functions. Because of its
varied chemical and pharmacological characteristics, quinoline and its derivatives have long drawn
the attention of both synthetic and biological chemists. A newer class of quinoline-isatin tethered
1,2,3-triazole conjugates was synthesized in this context, using copper-promoted click chemistry with
various organic systems. Ten derivatives of 1,2,3-triazole-tethered 8-hydroxyquinoline and
5-chloro-8-hydroxyquinoline derivatives of isatin were synthesized and well characterized by using
analytical techniques such as mass spectrometry, IR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectroscopy.
Human Rights Sensitivity and Proactivity of Psychiatric Nurses on Advocacy Attitudes, and Advocacy Interventions in Mentally Disabled People
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Kim Mi Young , Kim Yun Ah
Published: April 2023

The subjects of this study were 199 nurses attending the hospital and community mental health center or psychiatric rehabilitation center in B and K city. Data collected were analyzed using the SPSS/WIN 26.0 program. Correlations were calculated for the perception of proactivity, and human rights sensitivity and regression analysis were performed to examine the effect on advocacy attitudes and advocacy interventions. Factors having the greatest influence on nurses’ advocacy attitudes are “proactivity” (β =.532), and “human rights sensitivity” (β=.291), and the explanatory power was 60.5%. Factors having the greatest influence on nurses’ advocacy intervention are “proactivity” (β=.532), “human rights sensitivity” (β=.291), “turnover” (β=.121), “religion” (β=.092), “position” (β=.083) and the explanatory power was 72.6%. In addition, a continuous program should be developed and offered to psychiatric nurses who may have a positive approach toward advocacy.
Analysis of Map Overlay for LID Applicable Location Determination
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Jeon Ju Young , Oh Jun Oh , Jang Suhyung
Published: April 2023

Due to climate change and rapid urbanization, most urban areas are paved, and there is insufficient space to infiltrate or store rainwater, and flood damage increases due to heavy rainfall. Research on LID techniques is being conducted to reduce the damage caused by water disasters. A systematic procedure for LID installation, quantitative scale, and facility installation in urban watersheds is required. Therefore, in this study, overlapping maps were analyzed to improve the limitations of water cycle analysis using only land cover maps in urban watersheds. Based on the overlapping map analysis, the procedure for determining the LID facility installation was presented. The peak flood volume and runoff volume were analyzed in Gimhae, Gyeongsangnam-do, using the model (XP-SWMM). As a result of the study, it was confirmed that the exact capacity of the facility can be distributed according to the target amount of water circulation by reflecting the characteristics of the basin or building information.
An Exploratory Study on the Effect of Anxiety-attachment and Self-esteem on University Student's Loneliness in COVID-19 Situation
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Hong Yeon Ran , Do Eun Young
Published: April 2023

This study is an investigative study to determine the degree of anxiety-attachment, self-esteem, and loneliness of university students, to identify the relationship between these variables, and to explore the degree of influence on loneliness. The subjects of this study were 235 University students. The collected data were analyzed using the SPSS/WIN 26.0 program. The anxiety attachment average was 54.84 (18.00 to 109.00), the self-esteem average was 31.75 (11.00 to 40.00), and the loneliness scored an average 38.37 (20.00 to 72.00). In Model 1, it was found that the personal characteristics did not statistically significantly explain the loneliness of the subjects. In Model 2, psychological characteristics were added to show 58.5% of explanatory power, and anxiety-attachment (β=.24, p<.001), self-esteem (β=-.62, p<.001) was found to be an important influencing factor explaining loneliness. In conclusion, it is believed that it is possible to reduce the loneliness of research subjects in early adulthood by studying ways to increase self-esteem of university students.
A Study on Communication and Conflict Management Using Social Networks: Analyzing Business Relations between Departments in Cheongju City
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Hyeon Seung Hyo , Kim Da Young , Lee Ju Ho , Lee Min Kyu
Published: April 2023

Good communication between members contributes to coordinating and resolving conflicts within the organization (Lee et. al., 2012). There was a special office space on the 3rd floor of the main building of Cheongju City Hall. That was BICHAENAUM, named after “Empty, fill, and share, and newness springs up”. In BICHAENAUM, about 50 officers from three departments worked freely in an open space. In this study, in preparation for the expansion of spatial innovation in the Cheongju City Hall, was to analyze the work relevance by the department and refer to the arrangement of departments with high relevance in the same space. The working relationship between departments was examined through social network analysis. As a result, departments in Cheongju City Hall were classified into 9 groups. In the long term, we hope that this study will serve as a basis for achieving the goal of improving working methods for spatial innovation.
Determinantes espirituales de salud
Authors: Esquerda Aresté Montse , López-Tarrida Ángela , Lorenzo David , Bofarull Margarita
Published: April 2023

Desde los albores de la historia, la ciencia y la creencia están destinadas a un diálogo permanente, puesto que ambas están centradas en el ser humano, que trata de asignar sentido y significado a los acontecimientos que suceden, tanto a los que le ocurren a sí mismo, como a los que acontecen a su alrededor. Considerando esta estrecha relación, se pretende con este artículo realizar una reflexión acerca de cómo las creencias pueden ser contempladas como determinantes para la salud de igual modo que lo son otro tipo de factores psicológicos o sociales como la cultura o el ambiente. Se interpela a ello mediante una reflexión fundamentada en las consideraciones de autores como Cassell o Frankl, y en investigaciones científicas relevantes que han demostrado de manera fehaciente el impacto positivo que las creencias tienen sobre la salud.
Graphical analysis of forage yield stability under high and low potential circumstances in 16 grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) genotype
Authors: VAEZI Behrouz , HATAMI MALEKI Hamid , YOUSEFZADEH Saeed , PIROOZ Reza , JOZEYAN Askar , MOHTASHAMI Raham , SABAGHNIA Naser
Published: April 2023

Introducing grass pea genotypes with wide adaptability across diverse environments is important. Dry forage yield of 16 grass pea genotypes, tested in a RCBD design with three replicates across 4 locations over 3 seasons in Iran. The GGE biplot method based on SREG model facilitated a visual evaluation of the best genotypes. The first two principal components accounted for 77 % of the GE interaction and revealed six winning genotypes and four mega-environments. The average location coordinate (ALC) was used to examine both yield performance and stability and indicated IFLA-1913, IFLA-1961, IFLA-1812, and IFLA-2025 were the best genotypes. Based on the ideal-genotype approach, genotype G5 was better than all other genotypes and showed both high forage yield and stability across locations. According to G + GE sources of variations, the genotypes (IFLA-1913, IFLA-1961, IFLA-1812, and IFLA-2025) were the most suitable varieties for the grass pea-producing regions in semi-arid and rain-fed conditions. An ideal location should be both discriminating of the genotypes and representative of the average location, but we could not find such location in this research. Results confirmed that G5 (IFLA-1961) has high stability and high yield performance (4.92 t ha-1), and could introduce as favorable genotype for commercial variety release.
Evaluation of herbicide options for control of invasive annual ground cherry (Physalis divaricata D.Don.) in corn
Authors: SABETI Peyman , OVEISI Mostafa , RAHIMIAN MASHHADI Hamid , ALIZADE Hassan , NOSRATTI Iraj
Published: April 2023

Annual ground cherry (Physalis divaricata) is an invasive weed in farmlands located in western Iran, but there is little information on effective options for its management, particularly in corn. Greenhouse and field studies were conducted to evaluate the performance of herbicide options consisting of mesotrione + s-metolacholor + terbuthylazine, bromoxynil + MCPA, foramsulfuron + iodosulfuron, 2,4-D + MCPA, rimsulfuron and nicosulfuron + rimsulfuron alone and in combination with ammonium sulphate (AMS) and citogate for Ph. divaricata control in corn. In the greenhouse study, only Mesotrione + s-metolacholor + terbuthylazine and bromoxynil + MCPA mixture provided satisfactory control of Ph. divaricata among the evaluated herbicides. In field study, each of mesotrione + s-metolacholor + terbuthylazine or bromoxynil + MCPA efficiently suppressed Ph. divaricata. Nevertheless, bromoxynil + MCPA had higher efficacy so that applying 75% of its recommended dose resulted in more than 80 % control of Ph. divaricata. Considering both greenhouse and field studies, mesotrione + s-metolacholor + terbuthylazine as well as bromoxynil + MCPA were found to be suitable options for Ph. divaricata in corn. Results also suggest the need of adding of AMS to improving weed control by these herbicides, particularly in bromoxynil + MCPA.
Heat tolerance in Mashona beef cows in semi-arid rangelands: does conformation matter?
Authors: MATOPE Alphonce , ZINDOVE Titus Jairus , DHLIWAYO Marshall , CHIMONYO Michael , TIVAPASI Musavenga
Published: April 2023

High temperatures and frequent heat waves raise concerns about heat stress in cattle in grass-based systems, especially in arid and semiarid areas. This study analysed the relationship between conformation traits and physiological parameters associated with heat stress in Mashona cattle. A total of 200 records from fifty cows were used to study the relationships between seven conformation traits and physiological parameters associated with heat stress. Body conformation traits were categorised into three principal components related to body capacity (body depth, flank circumference, chest girth), frame size (stature and body length), and loose skin fold (navel height and dewlap size). As the size of abdominopelvic and thoracic cavities increased, respiratory rate, heart rate, and rectal temperature decreased significantly, while blood triiodothyronine concentration increased. Cattle with deeper bodies, larger flanks, and larger chest girths had significantly lower heart rate, respiratory rate, and rectal temperature but higher blood triiodothyronine concentration than cattle with shallower bodies, smaller flanks, and smaller chest girths. Respiratory rate increased with increasing frame size. Large-framed cattle had significantly higher respiratory rate and lower blood thyroxine concentration. Small-framed cattle with larger chest girth, larger dewlap, and navel farther from the ground surface are better adapted to higher ambient temperatures.
Bags impregnated with garlic (Allium sativum L.) and parsley (Petroselinum crispum (Mill.) Fuss) essential oils as a new biopesticide tool for Trogoderma granarium Everts, 1898 pest control
Authors: ELMADAWY Alzahraa Abdelaty , OMAR Ahmed Fayez , ISMAIL Tamer
Published: April 2023

Stored product pests can cause significant damages and great economic problems in stored commodities and grain cereal. Using synthetic pesticides in the storage pest control has adverse effects on human health. In our study, the toxicity of garlic (Allium sativum) and parsley (Petroselinum crispum) essential oils (EOs) impregnating with three types of bags were assessed against Trogoderma granarium Everts, 1898 adults after different exposure intervals. GC-MS analysis of the investigated EOs revealed that the major components of parsley and garlic were 1, 3, 8-p-menthatriene (23.34 %) and di-allyl disulfide (27.9 %), with (1.40 %) alpha-terpinene and (1 %) of di-alyl tetra-sulfide as minor components respectively. Additionally, comparison the toxicity among the treated bags was assessed based on the LC50 values and a persistence efficiency of the tested EOs was carried out by the LC90 values for each bag type. In all bag types, garlic and parsley had mortality by 100 % for clothes, and 80 % for both plastic and paper bags after 7 days of exposure, respectively. After two and five days of garlic treatment, plastic bags were the most effective, but after seven days of exposure paper bags was more effective than the other two types. Finally, cloth bags treated with EOs were the most effective packaging for insect control, indicating that this approach could be considered as an additional tool to the concept of stored product management.
Endophytic bacteria enhance the growth and salt tolerance of rice under saline conditions
Authors: DO Quang Trung , LUU Anh The , NGO Tien Chuong
Published: April 2023

Developing biostimulants from salt-tolerant plant growth-promoting (PGP) bacteria is an emerging strategy for sustainable agriculture in the context of increasing soil salinization. This study aimed to isolate endophytic bacteria (EB) capable of promoting rice seed germination and seedling growth at different NaCl concentrations. Nine salt-tolerant EB strains were isolated and two, ST.6 and ST.8, with the rice seed promoting effect 99.3 and 99.7 %, respectively, were selected and identified as Pantoea dispersa and Burkholderia cenocepacia, respectively. ST.6 showed a higher value of the activity of phosphatase (617 mg P ml-1), production of indole-3-acetic acid (19.7 µg IAA ml-1), the activity of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) deaminase (13.5 µmol mg−1 protein h−1), and production of siderophore (76.3 %). Especially, rice seedlings inoculated with strain ST.6 showed a significant improvement in root length (58.95 %), shoot length (16.6 %), dry biomass (7.0 %), the content of chlorophyll (46.2 and 57.1 % for chlorophyll a and b, respectively), carotenoids (22.2%), and proline (19.0 %). A decrease in antioxidant enzyme activities was also observed in the rice seedlings inoculated with either ST.6 or ST.8 strain under salt stress. Furthermore, the salt stress condition enhanced the colonization of roots by both studied endophytic bacteria. More experiments should be done to develop endophytic bacteria ST.6 and ST.8 as efficient bio-inoculants.
Tolerance to Zn toxicity in the halophyte Lepidium latifolium L. and the effect of salt on Zn tolerance and accumulation
Authors: NEZHADASAD-AGHBASH Behzad , RADJABIAN Tayebeh , HAJIBOLAND Roghieh
Published: April 2023

Halophytes exhibit a high cross-tolerance to multiple stresses that enable them to survive under harsh environmental conditions. We hypothesized that salt treatment in halophytes improves their tolerance against other stressors. To investigate the salt-mediated heavy metal tolerance in halophytes, Lepidium latifolium (Brassicaceae) was cultivated in the absence or presence of salt (100 mM NaCl) and excess Zn (200 μM ZnSO4), alone or in combination, for four weeks in the hydroponic medium. Salt treatment ameliorated the reduction of photosynthetic pigments in Zn-stressed plants and decreased Zn accumulation in the young leaves. The activity of peroxidase increased by both Zn toxicity and salt treatments; its maximum activity was achieved under the combination of both treatments associated with a significant reduction in malondialdehyde concentration. The activity of polyphenol oxidase increased by Zn stress alone or in combination with salt, accompanied by accumulation of free and cell wall-bound phenolics and enhanced lignin deposition in the leaves. Our results showed a mitigating effect of salt treatment in Zn-stressed plants through the activation of antioxidant defense and accumulation of phenolic compounds including flavonoids. Our results suggest L. latifolium as suitable species for revegetation and rehabilitation of saline soils contaminated with heavy metals.
Convergence theorems for monotone vector field inclusions and minimization problems in Hadamard spaces
Authors: Salisu Sani , Kumam Poom , Sriwongsa Songpon
Published: April 2023

This article analyses two schemes: Mann-type and viscosity-type proximal point algorithms. Using these schemes, we establish Δ-convergence and strong convergence theorems for finding a common solution of monotone vector field inclusion problems, a minimization problem, and a common fixed point of multivalued demicontractive mappings in Hadamard spaces. We apply our results to find mean and median values of probabilities, minimize energy of measurable mappings, and solve a kinematic problem in robotic motion control. We also include a numerical example to show the applicability of the schemes. Our findings corroborate some recent findings.
Global bifurcation of coexistence states for a prey-predator model with prey-taxis/predator-taxis
Authors: Li Shanbing , Wu Jianhua
Published: April 2023

This article is concerned with the stationary problem for a prey-predator model with prey-taxis/predator-taxis under homogeneous Dirichlet boundary conditions, where the interaction is governed by a Beddington-DeAngelis functional response. We make a detailed description of the global bifurcation structure of coexistence states and find the ranges of parameters for which there exist coexistence states. At the same time, some sufficient conditions for the nonexistence of coexistence states are also established. Our method of analysis uses the idea developed by Cintra et al. (Unilateral global bifurcation for a class of quasilinear elliptic systems and applications, J. Differential Equations 267 (2019), 619–657). Our results indicate that the presence of prey-taxis/predator-taxis makes mathematical analysis more difficult, and the Beddington-DeAngelis functional response leads to some different phenomena.
Towards chiral acoustoplasmonics
Authors: Castillo López de Larrinzar Beatriz , Xiang Chushuang , Cardozo de Oliveira Edson Rafael , Lanzillotti-Kimura Norberto Daniel , García-Martín Antonio
Published: April 2023

The possibility of creating and manipulating nanostructured materials encouraged the exploration of new strategies to control electromagnetic properties. Among the most intriguing nanostructures are those that respond differently to helical polarization, i.e., exhibit chirality. Here, we present a simple structure based on crossed elongated bars where light-handedness defines the dominating cross-section absorption or scattering, with a 200 % difference from its counterpart (scattering or absorption). The proposed chiral system opens the way to enhanced coherent phonon excitation and detection. We theoretically propose a simple coherent phonon generation (time-resolved Brillouin scattering) experiment using circularly polarized light. In the reported structures, the generation of acoustic phonons is optimized by maximizing the absorption, while the detection is enhanced at the same wavelength and different helicity by engineering the scattering properties. The presented results constitute one of the first steps towards harvesting chirality effects in the design and optimization of efficient and versatile acoustoplasmonic transducers.
Redetermination of the crystal structure of 5,14-dihydro-6,17-dimethyl-8,15-diphenyldibenzo(b,i)(1,4,8,11)tetra-azacyclotetradecine, C32H28N4
Authors: Dey Lucky , Rabi Saswata , Palit Debashis , Rahman Ismail M. M. , Tiekink Edward R. T. , Roy Tapashi Ghosh
Published: April 2023

C32H28N4, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 17.7218(4) Å, b = 20.7769(5) Å, c = 14.9434(3) Å, β = 

113.598

(
3
)

°

$113.598(3){}^{\circ}$

, V = 5042.1(2) Å3, Z = 8, R

gt
(F) = 0.0519, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1544, T = 294 K.
Vibration and control optimization of pressure reducer based on genetic algorithm
Authors: HuangFu Ruiyun , Zhao Yongyan
Published: April 2023

A research challenge of vibration and control optimization of pressurized reducer is solved in this article; a method based on genetic algorithm (GA) is proposed to optimize the vibration and control of reducer. Considering the bending strength of helical gear root and tooth surface contact fatigue strength as constraints, the improved GA is used to solve it, and the optimal parameter combination is obtained. The size of center distance is reduced by 9.59% compared with that before. Based on the optimized results, the vibration becomes weaker with the increase of the load at the output end of the reducer, and its maximum value is only 1/8 of that when the load is 550 N. The experimental results show the optimized surface load distribution of driving gear teeth. The maximum normal load per unit length of the optimized output stage driving gear surface is 521.321 N/mm, which is significantly lower than the 662.455 N/mm before optimization. At the same time, the tooth surface load is evenly distributed. The larger tooth surface load is mainly distributed in the middle of the tooth surface with strong bearing capacity, which effectively solves the problem of unbalanced load before optimization and improves the bearing capacity of gear transmission. It is proved that GA can effectively realize the vibration and control optimization of pressurized reducer.
Seven-Week Accommodating Resistance Training Improves Wingate Peak Power But Not Muscular Strength or Endurance in Strength-Trained Females
Authors: Parten Alyssa L. , Barker Gaven A. , O'Neal Eric K. , Waldman Hunter S.
Published: April 2023

Parten, AL, Barker, GA, O’Neal, EK, and Waldman, HS. 7-week accommodating resistance training improves Wingate peak power but not muscular strength or endurance in strength-trained females. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000–000, 2022—Accommodating resistance (AR) is a training technique that includes attaching elastic bands or chains to a loaded barbell to alter the resistance profile throughout the barbell movement. This study was the first to quantify the effects of AR versus a traditional resistance (TR) training program on changes in strength and power profiles in a trained female cohort. Resistance-trained (training history: 2.4 ± 1.4 years) females (age: 22.1 ± 3.0 years) completed baseline and postintervention tasks which included 1 repetition maximum (1RM) testing in the back squat (BS) and bench press (BP), a repetitions to failure in the BP (60% of 1RM), and 1 30-s Wingate test. After baseline testing, subjects were stratified (based on relative strength) into either the AR (n = 9) or TR (n = 10) group and then completed a supervised, 7-week training intervention. Both groups improved their 1RM in both lifts, but no statistical differences were found between groups in 1RM for BS, BP, or BP to failure (p > 0.05). However, the AR group increased Wingate peak power (837 ± 221 to 901 ± 215 W; p = 0.04), whereas TR (868 ± 244 to 8,343 ± 182 W; p = 0.47) did not. This study supports AR with lighter relative barbell load incurs similar strength adaptations as TR. For coaches training athletes concerned with power, AR may be advantageous for improving rate of force development as demonstrated by large increases in peak Wingate power.
Expression Patterns and Functions of Cardiac Pigment Epithelium-Derived Factor During Cardiac Development
Authors: Li Xing-hui , Wu Yan-di , Huang Tong-sheng , Wu Teng , Fu Xin-lu , Qian Jiang , Zou Yan , Shen Cong-hui , Xiong Shi-jie , Feng Zi-qi , Zheng Hui-ting , Ji Yuan-jun , Cai Wei-bin
Published: April 2023

Objective: This study describes the expression profiles and roles of cardiac pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) during cardiac development.

Methods: Gene datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database were used to analyze the correlation between cardiac PEDF expression and heart disease. Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, histological staining and echocardiography were used to assess the expression patterns and functions of PEDF during cardiac development.

Results: Analysis of GEO data sets indicated that the expression of cardiac PEDF correlated with the occurrence and development of various heart diseases. Western blotting of various tissues in mice at 30 postnatal days of age indicated higher PEDF expression in the heart and aorta than the liver. Immunohistochemical results demonstrated that the expression of cardiac PEDF significantly decreased after birth, mainly because of a significant decrease in PEDF expression in the cytoplasm. Histological staining and echocardiography indicated that PEDF deficiency had no significant effects on cardiac structure, cardiac function and vascular hemodynamics in 8-week-old mice.

Conclusion: Cardiac PEDF shows high expression and dynamic changes during cardiac development, but has no effects on cardiac structure, function and vascular hemodynamics.
Place-Based Learning in Applied Undergraduate Forest Ecology Labs
Authors: Becker Douglas
Published: April 2023

While educationally beneficial, place-based learning can be challenging to implement in an applied forest ecology course that draws a diversity of students with limited forest experience. I describe a semester-long sequence of labs designed to instill place-based learning principles. The semester begins with an observational lab to develop an initial personal forest relationship, with future learning reinforcing and cultivating this bond. Forest-specific labs cover key applied ecology concepts while continuing to expand on students’ place knowledge with an overarching forest management plan to provide real-world application and expression of understanding.
Drugs, Willpower, and the Colonial Biopolitics of Addiction in Vietnam
Authors: Edington Claire
Published: April 2023

This article examines the early twentieth-century transformation of the opium addict in colonial Vietnam into a distinct category of person, diseased and in need of special forms of intervention. Braiding together French and Vietnamese discourses around drug use and its social consequences, the article traces the development of a specifically colonial biopolitics of addiction. While the proliferation of both legal and illegal drugs came to signify different kinds of risk for French and Vietnamese audiences, this article argues that the coalescence of these discourses around the notions of willpower and self-determination nevertheless represented a powerful new assertion of state and social control over the body of the addict.
OTONOM/İNSANSIZ GEMİLERİN HUKUKİ STATÜSÜ VE TÜRKİYE UYGULAMALARI
Authors: ECEMİŞ YILMAZ Hatice Kübra
Published: April 2023

Otonom/insansız gemiler, son yılların en hızlı gelişen teknolojilerinden biridir. Otonom/insansız gemiler, önceden programlanmış komutlar veya önceden yapı-landırılmış algoritmalar aracılığıyla kendilerini yönetebilen gemilerdir. Bu gemi-ler, yerleşik bir yazılım ve sensör sistemi kullanarak kendilerini navigasyon, hız ayarlama, seyir ve manevra gibi konularda kontrol edebilmektedir. Bu sayede, otonom gemiler, insan faktörüne dayalı hataları azaltarak veya ortadan kaldıra-rak güvenliği arttırmakta, ayrıca üretim ve işletme maliyetlerini düşürmektedir. Bu gemiler, daha az insan gücü gerektirir ve daha az hataya yatkındır. Ayrıca, otonom gemiler, denizaltı arama ve kurtarma görevleri gibi kritik veya güvenli olmayan bölgelerde çalışmasına olanak sağlamaktadır. Otonom gemilerin tekno-lojisi, son yıllarda hızlı bir şekilde gelişmektedir ve bu teknoloji, denizcilik, tica-ret, enerji ve güvenlik alanlarında kullanılmaktadır. Özellikle, son yıllarda, tek-nolojinin gelişmesi ve maliyetlerin düşmesiyle birlikte, daha fazla sayıda otonom gemi projesi hayata geçirilmektedir. Ancak, otonom gemilerin hukuki statüsü halen tam anlamıyla belirlenememiştir. Türkiye'de mevcut Türk Ticaret Kanu-nun gemilere ilişkin hükümlerinin otonom gemilerle ilgili hukuki mevzuat ola-rak kullanılıp kullanılamayacağının tespiti önemlidir. Ayrıca otonom gemilerin Montrö Boğazlar Sözleşmesinde yer bulup bulamayacağını da düşünmek gere-kir. Bu makale, otonom gemilerin hukuki statüsünü ve Türkiye'de uygulamaya yönelik mevcut durumu incelemektedir.
¿Son las analogías una herramienta eficaz para la enseñanza? Una revisión sistemática
Authors: Ceccacci-Sawicki Luciana , Portela Maria Paula , Fernández Constanza , Salica Marcelo , Olguín Valeria
Published: April 2023

Introducción. En la enseñanza suele utilizarse como herramienta la comparación de dos situaciones que comparten una estructura relacional similar. Este recurso se denomina razonamiento analógico y ha sido ampliamente estudiado, aunque los conocimientos al respecto no se encuentran sistematizados. Objetivo. Realizar una revisión de los artículos empíricos referidos a la enseñanza mediante analogías y, específicamente, indagar los resultados en cuanto a su efectividad. Metodología. Se utilizó el método PRISMA-NMA para realizar una revisión bibliográfica sistemática. Las bases de datos utilizadas fueron Dialnet, DOAJ, Pubmed y ScienceDirect, introduciendo los términos de búsqueda: razonamiento analógico + enseñanza y pensamiento analógico + enseñanza, en español e inglés. Luego de aplicar los criterios de inclusión/exclusión se obtuvieron 19 artículos que contenían un total de 24 elementos muestrales. Resultados. Se encontró que estos trabajos refieren con mayor frecuencia al nivel superior y a las ciencias exactas. Además, el principal uso dado a las analogías fue la enseñanza de un concepto novedoso. Principalmente las analogías utilizadas fueron provistas por las personas investigadoras y se expusieron de manera explícita los análogos y sus puntos de comparación. Discusión. La mayoría de los estudios obtuvieron resultados positivos, lo que indicaría la utilidad de este recurso para la enseñanza. Resulta llamativo que, al contrario de lo sugerido por especialistas, la proveniencia de los análogos y el grado de explicitación de la analogía parecen no afectar su efectividad. Se encuentran como áreas de vacancia otros usos menos estudiados de las analogías y su utilización en otros niveles educativos y áreas disciplinares.
Voces de personal docente universitario sobre necesidades de formación profesional intercultural en la Araucanía, Chile
Authors: Arias-Ortega Katerin , Villarroel-Cárdenas Viviana , Quintriqueo-Millán Segundo
Published: April 2023

Objetivo. Exponer resultados de investigación sobre las necesidades de formación profesional intercultural en la docencia universitaria en contextos de colonización, desde las voces de sus docentes. Esto, para promover el desarrollo de planes de investigación sobre docencia en interculturalidad y estrategias de enseñanza apropiadas, entre los sujetos encargados de formar a nuevos grupos profesionales en las distintas áreas disciplinarias. Metodología. Cualitativa de tipo descriptiva, participaron nueve personas académicas universitarias, quienes, a través de una entrevista semidirigida, relevan las necesidades, los ejes y contenidos de formación profesional que necesitan en perspectiva intercultural. Se consideró la técnica de análisis de contenido. Resultados. Dan cuenta de la necesidad de ampliar el conocimiento a nivel teórico, metodológico y práctico que el personal docente formador de las nuevos grupos profesionales tienen acerca de la interculturalidad. Esto les permitiría resignificar la formación profesional desde un enfoque educativo intercultural. Discusión. Es urgente que la formación profesional transite a una perspectiva intercultural que se constituya en una herramienta de cambio y de innovación para la transformación y mejora de los contextos sociales y educativos indígenas e interculturales. Asimismo, es urgente explorar los vacíos que emergen en la formación profesional intercultural y cómo se construye su identidad profesional.
Bioactive metabolites from germinated Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp. seeds after treating with different concentrations of salicylic acid
Authors: Vasudevan Vinduja , Karthikeyan Aradhana , Rajamuthu Tharun Prasanna , Sarkar Ananya , Parnjothi Girinath , Krishnan Nagasathiya , Sakthivelu Meenakumari , Velusamy Palaniyandi , Anbu Periasamy , Raman Pachaiappan
Published: April 2023

Salicylic acid (SA) is an effective elicitor for enhancing product formation in various agricultural practices. This study examined the diverse responses to physiological metabolites and the pathway modifications in broad-spectrum resistance-1 (BSR1) of Cajanus cajan after treatment with SA using a metabolomics technique. The significance of the SA function at the metabolite level was examined by treating C. cajan with various concentrations of SA and germinated by soaking in water for different time periods. The secondary metabolites were recovered and investigated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for all the periodic conditions. Chemometric analysis of the collected samples showed that the seeds responded to the SA treatment. Acetic acid increased in germinated seeds after the SA treatment. In addition, the up-regulated metabolite production was downregulated in the C. cajan seeds before germination. The levels of metabolites, including hyacinthin, furaneol, citramalic acid, palmitate, stearate, linoleate, tocopherol, glucobrassicin, syringol, and hydroxy acetophenone, were increased after the SA treatment compared to control. Hence, the SA-treated seedling is a potential bio-factory for nutraceutical products to provide significant health benefits to the human population.
Características textiles de la fibra de alpaca Huacaya, según zonas agroecológicas, sexo y edad en la Región Puno (Perú)
Authors: Larios-Francia Rosa , Cárdenas Oscar , Rodriguez-Huanca Francisco H. , Ccopa Jhunior , Condori Andrés , Hernández Wilfredo , Chaves-Bellido Luis , Díaz Bertha , Chavez Rafael , Sanchez Joan , Galvez Carlos
Published: April 2023

El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar el efecto de la zona agroecológica en las características textiles de la fibra de alpaca (Vicugna pacos), procedente de rebaños de unidades productivas de la Puna seca y Puna húmeda en la región Puno, según sexo y edad. Las muestras fueron obtenidas de 5530 alpacas Huacaya. El Diámetro de fibra (DF), Desviación estándar del diámetro de fibra (DEDF), Coeficiente de variación de diámetro de fibra (CVDF), Finura al hilado (FH), Índice de curvatura (IC) y Desviación estándar del índice de curvatura (DEIC) fueron registrados utilizando el equipo OFDA 2000. Los efectos de la zona agroecológica con relación al sexo y edad (Diente de leche [DL], 2 dientes [2D], 4 dientes [4D] y Boca llena [BLL]) se estimaron mediante un diseño al azar con arreglo factorial y prueba de rango múltiple de Duncan. Los valores de DF se encuentran en el rango de 13.3 a 34.5 μm con un valor promedio de 20.32 μm. Las alpacas de la Puna húmeda presentaron menor DF (13.3-34.5 μm) en comparación con las de la Puna seca (13.6-37.9 μm). La edad y el sexo inciden en el DF, pues las alpacas BLL registraron mayor DF frente a las alpacas DL (p<0.05). Asimismo, se observó un menor DF en alpacas macho en comparación con las hembras (p<0.05). La correlación entre zonas agroecológicas, sexo y edad se demostró al obtener menor diámetro en las alpacas macho DL de Puna húmeda. Además, se identificó una correlación significativa entre la calidad de fibra evaluada a partir de sus características textiles con la zona agroecológica.
Farmacogenética, polifarmacia e interacciones medicamentosas. El panorama de la medicina individualizada en perros
Authors: Alfaro-Mora Ramsés
Published: April 2023

Las interacciones medicamentosas, la farmacogenética y la polifarmacia son tres áreas de estudio altamente relacionadas que intervienen en la individualización de la terapia de diversas especies. Variaciones en la respuesta a fármacos como los opioides, la presencia de receptores y transportadores asociados a genes polimórficos, así como los cambios farmacocinéticos producto de diferencias en el metabolismo de fase I y de fase II, llevan a que exista una multiplicidad de factores que pueden afectar la respuesta a los fármacos. Además, la administración conjunta de diferentes principios activos (polifarmacia) se relaciona con una mayor cantidad de interacciones medicamentosas, que asociadas a las condiciones farmacogenéticas de las diferentes razas de perros hacen que la medicina personalizada sea un campo muy amplio en el cual la medicina veterinaria aún está dando sus primeros pasos. El presente trabajo busca analizar el estado actual del conocimiento sobre la variación de la respuesta a los fármacos en la especie canina, tomando en cuenta las interacciones medicamentosas, producto de la polifarmacia, y el cómo la farmacogenética asume un papel de importancia para compren-der estos fenómenos en las diferentes razas.
Descripción anatomopatológica de un caso de traumatología en puercoespín (Coendou rufescens)
Authors: Duque-Arias Santiago , Caraballo Ávila José L. , Gómez-Ruiz Daisy A.
Published: April 2023

El puercoespín Coendou rufescens es un roedor de hábitos arborícolas y locomoción trepadora, pero pueden desplazarse con facilidad en el suelo de manera ocasional, lo cual los hace vulnerables a las colisiones por atropellamiento en áreas naturales inmersas en zonas urbanas con alto flujo vehicular. En este trabajo se presenta el caso de atropellamiento de un puercoespín macho adulto en el norte de la Cordillera Central de Colombia, mediante la implementación de una evaluación radiográfica y post mortem. El estudio radiológico evidenció múltiples fracturas a nivel de cráneo, extremidades anteriores, parrilla costal derecha y los cuerpos vertebrales. La necropsia mostró múltiples lesiones en el sistema tegumentario, músculo esquelético y sistema nervioso, incluyendo la presencia de politraumatismo en cabeza y cuello, con pérdida de la parte superior del cráneo y la ruptura del corazón a nivel de ambos atrios. Los hallazgos más importantes incluyeron el estallido cardíaco y la fragmentación del cráneo, siendo difícil establecer la causa específica de muerte.
Extrusión del disco intervertebral intradural-intramedular en un Schnauzer de seis meses de edad
Authors: Salinas C. Eben , Zea M. Otto
Published: April 2023

La extrusión de disco intervertebral intradural-intramedular es un subtipo de herniación del núcleo pulposo hidratado y se presenta luego de ejercicio extremo o eventos traumáticos. Esta es una condición rara y su diagnóstico puede ser complejo ya que sus características clínicas e imágenes están pobremente caracterizados. Se comunica el caso de un Schnauzer de seis meses que sufrió una caída desde una altura de dos pisos. El paciente desarrolló tetraplejía espástica y se diagnosticó como lesión medular aguda cervical de cuarto grado. Los estudios por radiografías y tomografía computarizada solo reportaron una fractura simple en cuerpo vertebral de C3. El estudio de resonancia magnética reportó tractos lineales intramedulares, lesiones parenquimatosas y volumen de disco reducido en C3-C4. La condición clínica y su evolución, así como los hallazgos por imágenes fueron compatibles con extrusión de disco intervertebral intradural-intramedular.
Efecto de la edad de la reproductora sobre la morfometría del huevo y longitud corporal de la codorniz (Coturnix coturnix japonica) al nacimiento
Authors: Fuentes Neira Nadia , Bezada Quintana Sandra , Carcelén Cáceres Fernando , Rivadeneira Virginia , Ciriaco Castañeda Pedro , Trillo Zárate Fritz , Gutierrez Tang Marco , Nuñez Delgado Jimny
Published: April 2023

El objetivo del estudio fue determinar el efecto de la edad de la codorniz (Coturnix coturnix japonica) sobre la morfometría del huevo y tamaño del ave al nacimiento. Se emplearon 227 huevos fértiles de codornices de tres edades (15, 19 y 34 semanas). Se evaluó el peso del huevo (g), índice de forma (%), peso al nacimiento (g), relación peso corporal/peso del huevo y longitud al nacimiento (mm) mediante un diseño de bloque completamente randomizado. No hubo diferencias significativas entre edades con el peso del huevo. El índice de forma del huevo fue significativamente mayor en aves de 15 semanas (79.50±0.34%) que en aves de 34 semanas (78.0±0.36%; p<0.05). El peso al nacimiento fue mayor para aves de 34 semanas (7.91±0.08 g) en comparación con aves de 15 semanas (7.63±0.07 g; p<0.05). La relación peso vivo/peso del huevo fue significativamente diferente entre reproductoras de 15 (68.9±0.37% y 34 semanas (70.4±0.41%), en tanto que la longitud de la codorniz al nacimiento fue mayor en polluelos de codornices de 19 semanas (108±0.62 mm). Se concluye que la edad de la codorniz reproductora influyó sobre todas las variables evaluadas, a excepción del peso del huevo.
Efecto de adicionar ácido ascórbico al medio de vitrificación de folículos preantrales bovinos
Authors: Carrascal-Triana Erly L. , Rodríguez Jimenez Carolina , Penitente-Filho Jurandy , Luiza de Azevedo Jovana , Da Silveira Deminicis Renata Gomes , Alves Torres Ciro A.
Published: April 2023

El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar el efecto de la adición de ácido ascórbico (AA) al medio de vitrificación de folículos preantrales (FPs) bovinos previamente enfriados a 4 °C durante 4 o 24 h. Se recolectaron ovarios de novillas Nelore a los 14 meses de edad. En el laboratorio se extrajeron fragmentos de ovario de la región cortical y se distribuyeron a fragmentos para control fresco (C0h), y fragmentos para refrigeración a 4 ºC por 4 y 24 horas en TCM-199 más HEPES y antibióticos. De los fragmentos enfriados, dos se fijaron como controles para cada tiempo de enfriamiento (C4h, C24h), y los restantes se distribuyeron en cuatro tratamientos de vitrificación, utilizando el medio TCM-199 asociado con etilenglicol y dimetilsulfóxido (V), sacarosa (VSUC) o ácido ascórbico (VAA), y el tratamiento con etilenglicol, dimetilsulfóxido, sacarosa y AA (VSUC+AA). Después de 72 h, los fragmentos se calentaron y fijaron para el análisis histológico y el aislamiento folicular mecánico. No se detectó diferencia (p>0.05) entre C0h y C4h para FPs morfológicamente normales (99.3 y 96.0%, respectivamente). La vitrificación redujo la integridad morfológica y la viabilidad folicular en todos los tratamientos en comparación con C0h; sin embargo, el tratamiento VAA mantuvo la viabilidad folicular similar a C24h (p>0.05). Se concluye que los FAs bovinos se conservaron eficientemente a 4 °C durante 4 h, y la adición de ácido ascórbico al medio de vitrificación mejoró las tasas de supervivencia y mantuvo la integridad morfológica folicular.
The iconographical features of the image of the Immaculate Conception — “The Women clothed with the Sun”
Authors: Borovskaya Natalia
Published: April 2023

The article is dedicated to the analysis of the formation and typological features of the iconography “The Women clothed with the Sun” that became the main type of the image “ The Immaculate Conception” in the European Christian art of the end of XVI – XVII centuries. A lot of specialists are sure that this iconography is stable and undeveloped but it’s wrong. The image of the Immaculate Conception as the Woman of Apocalipse has a long way of evolution and exists in the art in various iconographical types. The basic material are the works of the Spanish painting of the XVII-th cent.in which the iconography is very rich and various. In this article there is the analysis of a lot of works by the best painters of the “Golden Age” of the Spanish school: El Greco, Diego Velasquez, Fransisco Zurbaran, Bartolomeo Esteban Murillo. Also we research the genesis of this iconography in the art of the Late Gothic and Renaissance of France and Italy XVI- XVI centuries in the works by Giorgio Vasari, Piero di Cosimo, Ludovico Chigoli (Cardi). The evolution of the iconography developed from the use of a lot atributs and symbols with theological content to the so called mystical image where this content is demonstrated only by means the mode of painting.