bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Active and passive fire protection system in academic building KH. Mas Mansur, Islamic University of Indonesia
Authors: Suryoputro M. Ragil , Buana Fajar Aga , Sari Amarria Dila , Rahmillah Fety Ilma
Published: February 2018

According to the theory of fire triangle, the existence of combustible materials, heat, and oxygen can cause fire disaster. KH. Mas Mansur building, Islamic University of Indonesia has a fire protection, but rarely to be checked regularly and the number of equipment is less standard as well as the lack of an evacuation route map to facilitate the evacuation process. Inside the building also does not provide safety signs such as the evacuation directions, exit, and warning in case of fire. Therefore, researchers analysed the infrastructure of prevention and control in the building KH. Mas Mansur. Researchers used the method of observation, interviews, and checklist to know the condition directly, and compare with the standard regulations. Results concordance rate of existing infrastructure is 67% fire extinguisher, hydrant box 56%, 71% alarms, sprinkler 0%, 40% detectors, emergency doors 71%, 50% emergency stairs, assembly point 0% and directions 0%. The current results were below the standard of at least 80%. As for recommendations, researchers create a new evacuation map then put the existing infrastructure according to standard regulations, and it had consulted with the specialist of Occupational Safety and Health in the field of fire.
The effect of pressure and frequency on the dynamic behavior and evaporation time of successive water droplets impacting onto hot surface
Authors: Wibowo Teguh , Widyatama Arif , Kamal Samsul , Indarto  , Deendarlianto
Published: February 2018

Multiple droplets are the drop of water which continuously dropped on a surface in certain time difference. The phenomenon droplets impacting a solid surface can be found in a various field, one of them is the cooling process in the metal industry. The cooling process is carried out by spraying a number of water droplets to hot surface until it reaches the desired condition. When droplets impinge on the surface, the dynamics of droplets, such as the spreading and recoil phenomena, depend on some properties. In this study, the effect of pressure and drop frequency to the droplet characteristics as well as cooling effectiveness will be investigated. Visualization process is used to find maximum spreading which can indicate the effectiveness of hot surface cooling. The experiment is performed by setting the distance of water tank and nozzle into 100cm, 150cm and 200cm while the frequency of droplets is set at 245, 386, and 623 drops/minute. The material used in the present work is Stainless Steel with the temperature ranged from 100°C - 220°C. In addition, image processing technique is applied to gather the quantitative data from the images that successfully taken by using high-speed camera. Based on the study, it is found that the pressure of water tank affects the frequency of generated droplet. Furthermore, the frequency of droplet impacting onto the hot surface also influences the evaporation time.
Enhancing biogas quality of indigofera plant waste through co-digestion with cow dung
Authors: Sihta Finda , Suyitno  , Heru Wibowo Atmanto , Tanding Retno
Published: February 2018

The production process of indigofera plants yields 10% of blue natural dyes and wastes are 90%. The biomass wastes from the extraction of indigofera plants are classified as difficult to process in an Anaerobic Digester (AD) because of the large content of hemicellulose in the Indigofera stems. Therefore, the study reports the anaerobic digestion of Indigofera plant wastes co-digested with cow dung for enhancing the biogas quality. The digestion process was conducted in a vessel of 160 L with various weight ratios between Indigofera biomass and cow dung by 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%. The results show that the AD reactor temperature kept above 29.5°C with a pH between 6-7 were the key factors for enhancing the biogas quality. The co-digestion between 50% indigofera wastes with 50% cow dung yielded biogas with a CH4 content of about 42% and H2S concentration below 40 ppm showing that the biogas has the potential to be further improved in quality and can be used to fuel the stove and power generation.
Evaluation of solid waste management at campus using the “Zero Waste Index”: The case on campus of Islamic University of Indonesia
Authors: Kasam  , Mulya Iresha Fajri , Ajie Prasojo Satrio
Published: February 2018

Faculty of Civil Engineering and Planning (FCEP) Islamic University of Indonesia (UII) after doing zero waste program which has been going on September 2016. Zero waste concept are needed to measure how far the ability virgin material substitution to balance with the system of zero waste. The aims of this research is to calculate zero waste index (ZWI) value, to know the impact of zero waste index, and to give the solution for zero waste program. The location was doing in FCEP UII Campus. The method of sampling was using for this research is refers to SNI 19-3964-1994 about to calculate waste generation of residential. The result shows value of zero waste index at FCEP UII are 0,26. FCEP UII reuse 134,19 kg waste of total 516,37 kg waste that has been produced. The waste that has been reuse is organic waste 87,93 kg, plastic waste 21,49 kg, and paper waste 24,77 kg. 80,10% FCEP peoples already know about zero waste program at FCEP UII. 98,90% of FCEP peoples, was agree with waste segregate, and 57,50% FCEP peoples are don’t know that waste from FCEP have been manage. Although as many as 29% of element campus do not understand about the zero waste program but the majority of them support the program.
Ambient air monitoring of nitrogen dioxide at Kalimati, Tirtomartani, Kalasan, Sleman, Yogyakarta
Authors: Supriyanto  , Suci Ramadhani Indah
Published: February 2018

Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is one of parameters in air quality according to Indonesia Government No. 41/1999. NO2 has influence in respiratory problem of human being if it exceeds threshold level (400 μgNO2/Nm3). This study is air monitoring of NO2 concentration in ambient air and it uses a Griess Saltzman method using the spectrophotometer (Indonesia Standard SNI 19-7119.2-2005) near of Plywood Industry and Main Road. The sampling location has two points at Kalimati Village, Tirtomartani, Kalasan, Sleman, D.I Yogyakarta. On December 2016, the results show which NO2 concentration is below threshold level with 0,469 μg NO2/Nm3 at first point and 0,234 μg NO2/Nm3 at second point.
Burn drug made from ozonated vegetable oil mixture with white tumeric and cassava leaves extract
Authors: Moulydia Farah , Salsabila Nabila , Dewi Ria Kusuma , Nirmala Adinda , Bismo Setijo
Published: February 2018

This research aims to create a burn treatment performed with ozonation process from a mixture of vegetable oil and added extracts of herbal ingredients. Ozonation on vegetable oils proven to kill bacteria and safe for the body. Ozonated vegetable oil produced from the ozone reactor batch process by doing a variety of extraction mixture to Oleozon® and vegetable oils. Then the results of ozonation is added extracts of herbal ingredients that cassava leaves and white turmeric to increase effectiveness in killing bacteria. Cassava leaves have anti-inflammatory agent, namely Vitamin C. While white turmeric Curcuma zedoaria have substance, which of the two compounds can inhibit and kill bacteria. The quality of ozonated oil (Oleozon®) analytically were tested by the method of iodine number, acid number, peroxide number, and FTIR. Ozonation increased the peroxide and acid values for both oils, the increase being higher for mixture of coconut oil and soybean oil. The results of such mixing is then tested in bacteria to determine their effectiveness in killing the bacteria. The best ozonation condition is in an increase of 386,85% acid value, peroxide value about 102,91 meq/kg oil, and decrease in iodine number up to 21%. The result showed that under these conditions, ozonized oil has an antiseptic effect against Staphylococcus aureus. The final results of this study are expected to be a new innovation in the healing of skin wounds caused by burns as an anti-inflammatory that is effective, safe, and environmentally friendly.
In vitro antimalarial activity of Calophyllum bicolor and hemozoin crystals observed by Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM)
Authors: Abbas Jamilah
Published: February 2018

Objective : In continuation of our antimalarial candidate drug discovery program on Indonesia medicinal plants especially from stem bark of Calophyllum bicolor. Metode : We extracted of bioactive crude extract with hexane, acetone and methanol from stem bark of Calophyllum bicolor and evaluated their antimalarial activity by using parasite Plasmodium falciparum in vitro. Results: Methanol fraction showed most active and potent antimalarial activity dose dependent in in vitro experiments with IC50 = 0.52 ppb, and hexane fraction showed moderate antimalarial activity, but dose not dependent, while acetone fraction have not antimalarial activity. TEM (Trasmission Electron Microscopy) analysis confirmed a remarkable reduction of hemozoin in the presence of the bioactive fraction. Conclusion: The results suggest that the antimalarial activity of Calophyllum bicolor is due, methanol fraction showed the best in vitro antimalarial activity then another fraction.
Local System of Positioning Using a Wifi Network
Authors: Rempel Petr , Borisov Alexey
Published: February 2018

The WiFi technology is widespread. To launch the WiFi network is very simply, thus, they meet so often. Knowledge of the location of the antennas Wi-fi is very important for internal localization (position fix of an object). System of positioning of Wi-fi (WPS) or WiPS/WFPS are used where GPS and GLONASS are unavailable because of different reasons including multipath and signal blocking indoors. Such systems include as well internal systems of positioning. Use of Wi-fi not for creation of a network, and (for example, positioning of devices on the WiFi network) is urgent for other purposes because there is a rapid growth at the beginning of the 21st century of wireless access points in urban areas. This article discusses practical application of a method of localization with use of WiFi of access points which is based on measurement of intensity of the received signal (indication of the received signal or RSSI). Here the device which executes the measurements necessary for system operation is described. Some formulas for computation of layout of the device are given. Results of system operation are considered with different layouts of access points in the given space and different environments.
Methods and Algorithms for Detecting Objects in Video Files
Authors: Nguyen The Cuong , Shashev Dmitry
Published: February 2018

Video files are files that store motion pictures and sounds like in real life. In today's world, the need for automated processing of information in video files is increasing. Automated processing of information has a wide range of application including office/home surveillance cameras, traffic control, sports applications, remote object detection, and others. In particular, detection and tracking of object movement in video file plays an important role. This article describes the methods of detecting objects in video files. Today, this problem in the field of computer vision is being studied worldwide.
Development of Technological Schemes for Conducting Mine Workings with the Use of an Anchorage with Allowance for the Stressed State of the Rock Massif
Authors: Tomilov Alexander , Tomilova Nadezhda , Batyrkhanova Assiya
Published: February 2018

The article presents a structural scheme for solving the problem of creating a highly effective technology for conducting and supporting preparatory workings, consisting in establishing the laws governing the development of geo mechanical processes for the development of rational technological schemes for conducting mine workings with anchorage. The order of development of technological schemes of carrying out of mine workings with application of an anchor fastening taking into account the intense condition of a file of rocks is generated.
Short-Term Forecasting of Electric Energy Generation for a Photovoltaic System
Authors: Dinh V.T. , Yan Yuhao
Published: February 2018

This article presents a short-term forecast of electric energy output of a photovoltaic (PV) system towards Tomsk city, Russia climate variations (module temperature and solar irradiance). The system is located at Institute of Non-destructive Testing, Tomsk Polytechnic University. The obtained results show good agreement between actual data and prediction values.
Simulation of the Betatron Magnetic Field at the Electron Beam Displacement in Comsol Multiphysics
Authors: Kolomeytsev Andrey , Smolyanskiy Vladimir , Stepanov Igor
Published: February 2018

This article describes the betatron magnetic field simulation in Comsol Multiphysics software package. The model makes it possible to evaluate the betatron focusing properties at the moment of electron displacement onto the target. The simulation results coincide with the experiment described earlier. The study shows the vertical size of the target affects the focal spot size. However, a target size decrease leads to low output dose, since not all electrons reach it. Therefore, the vertical size of the target should be greater than or equal to the vertical dimension of the accelerated beam.
New Modeling of Steady-State Modes of Complex Electrical Grids of Power Systems
Authors: Akhmetbayev Arman , Akhmetbayev Dauren , Zhumazhanov Serik , Zhakishev Bauyrzhan
Published: February 2018

Classical methods for modeling the steady-state modes of complex electrical networks and systems are based on the application of nonlinear node equations. Nonlinear equations are solved by iterative methods, which are connected by known difficulties. To a certain extent, these difficulties can be weakened by applying topological methods. In this paper, we outline the theoretical foundations for the formation of the inverse form of nodal stress equations based on the topology of electrical networks and systems. A new topological method for calculating the distribution coefficients of node currents is proposed based on all possible trees of a directed graph of a complex electrical network. A complex program for calculating current distribution coefficients and forming steady-state parameters in the MATLAB environment has been developed.
Research on the compressive strength of basic magnesium salts and cyanide slag solidified body
Authors: Tu Yubo , Han Peiwei , Ye Shufeng , Wei Lianqi , Zhang Xiaomeng , Fu Guoyan , Yu Bo
Published: February 2018

The solidification of cyanide slag by using basic magnesium salts could reduce pollution and protect the environment. Experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of age, mixing amount of cyanide slag, water cement ratio and molar ratio of MgO to MgSO4on the compressive strength of basic magnesium salts and cyanide slag solidified body in the present paper. It was found that compressive strength of solidified body increased with the increase of age, and decreased with the increase of mixing amount of cyanide slag and water cement ratio. The molar ratio of MgO to MgSO4should be controlled in the range from 9 to 11 when the mixing amount of cyanide slag was larger than 80 mass%.
Opticien Célèbre. Hermann Ludwig Ferdinand von Helmholtz
Authors: Haidar Riad
Published: February 2018

Médecin, physiologue et physicien prussien, Hermann von Helmholtz est connu pour ses importantes contributions à l'étude de la perception des sons et des couleurs. On lui doit également d’avoir énoncé le principe de la conservation de l’énergie.
Comprehensive HPTLC Fingerprinting for Quality Control of an Herbal Drug – The Case of Angelica gigas Root
Authors: Frommenwiler Débora , Kim Jonghwan , Yook Chang-Soo , Tran Thi , Cañigueral Salvador , Reich Eike
Published: February 2018

The quality of herbal drugs is usually controlled using several tests recommended in a monograph. HPTLC is the method of choice for identification in many pharmacopoeias. If combined with a suitable reference material for comparison, HPTLC can provide information beyond identification and thus may simplify quality control. This paper describes, as a proof of concept, how HPTLC can be applied to define specifications for an herbal reference material and to control the quality of an herbal drug according to these specifications. Based on multiple batches of cultivated Angelica gigas root, a specific HPTLC method for identification was optimized. This method can distinguish 27 related species. It also can detect the presence of mixtures of A. gigas with two other Angelica species traded as “Dang gui” and is suitable as well for quantitative assessment of samples in a test for minimum content of the sum of decursin and decursinol angelate. The new concept of “comprehensive HPTLC fingerprinting” is proposed: HPTLC fingerprints (images), which are used for identification, are converted into peak profiles and the intensities of selected zones are quantitatively compared to those of the corresponding zones of the reference material. Following a collaborative trial involving three laboratories in three countries, the method was applied to check the quality of further candidates for establishing an appropriate reference material. In conclusion, this case demonstrates that a single HPTLC analysis can provide information about identity, purity, and minimum content of markers of an herbal drug.
Resection of a Retrochiasmatic Craniopharyngioma by Combined Modified Orbital Craniotomy and Transnasal Endoscopic Techniques
Authors: Patel Nirav , Dunn Ian
Published: February 2018

A 20-year-old patient presented with hydrocephalus but intact vision and hormone function. The MRI showed a large seller, suprasellar and third ventricular mass. We chose a combined approach utilizing the translyvian, lamina terminals route, with a possible interhemispheric approach. But, we also utilized a transnasal endoscopic approach for the tumor that remained below the diaphragma sellae. The patient did well, with complete tumor resection via a staged approach, but did require hormone replacement.

The link to the video can be found at: https://youtu.be/yzpfOxzI4cQ.
Embryonic Stem Cells and Infertility
Authors: Kazemirad Nastaran , Lorzadeh Nahid
Published: February 2018

Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) have the ability to differentiate into several cell lineages and self-renew. Through a spontaneous process, ESCs can differentiate into germ cells of various stages, partly due to their self-renewal ability and their microenvironment culture. Human and mouse ESC differentiation into putative primordial germ cells (PGCs) has been demonstrated by several studies; in fact, derivation of functional mouse male gametes has also been reported. However, the exact underlying mechanisms are yet to be understood properly, and as such clinical applications of ESC-derived PGC remains controversial. Nonetheless, this technique can still serve as a potential treatment option for infertility. This review centers on the available reports on the possible application of ESC for infertility treatment.
Treatment of Unstable Pediatric Tibia Shaft Fractures in Finland
Authors: Stenroos Antti , Jalkanen Jenni , Sinikumpu Juha-Jaakko , Palmu Sauli , Koskimies-Virta Eeva , Laaksonen Topi , Nietosvaara Yrjänä
Published: February 2018

Background Surgical treatment of pediatric tibia shaft fractures has gained popularity despite closed reduction and cast-immobilization providing good long-term results. There is no consensus about optimal methods and satisfactory quality of treatment.

Materials and Methods During 2010 to 2014, 226 pediatric patients were treated under anesthesia for tibia shaft fractures in Finland's five university hospitals. A total of 164 (73%) patients had closed fractures of the tibia or both tibia and fibula without other injuries (62 tibia only and 102 both tibia and fibula). Forty-one (18%) had open tibia fractures, 16 had additional fractures, and 5 (2%) had sustained a polytrauma (Injury Severity Score [ISS] > 15). Treatment methods, follow-up protocols, complications, and the outcome were analyzed.

Results A total of 143 (63%) of the tibia fractures were treated surgically: 87 (53%) closed fractures, 36 (88%) open fractures, 15 (94%) with additional fractures, and 5 (2%) polytrauma patients. The rate of surgical treatment of closed tibia fractures was significantly higher in patients older than 10 and in patients with a concomitant fibula fracture. Fasciotomy was done in 33 (15%) patients. Reoperations were performed in 13 (6%) patients because of unsatisfactory treatment (inappropriate primary reduction 6, malunion 6, and non-union 1). There were no differences between the five university hospitals in treatment or follow-up protocols.

Conclusion Internal fixation is used for the majority of tibia shaft fractures treated under anesthesia in university hospitals in Finland. Serious fracture or treatment related complications are very rare, but the percentage (6%) of re-operations because of unsatisfactory standard of treatment should be lower and could probably be improved by concentrating internal fixation to fewer hands. A prospective randomized controlled trial comparing non-operative treatment to intramedullary nailing in pediatric tibia fractures should be performed.
Anterior Knee Pain in Children and Adolescents: Overview and Management
Authors: Slotkin Steven , Thome Andrew , Ricketts Cassandra , Georgiadis Andrew , Cruz Aristides , Seeley Mark
Published: February 2018

Anterior knee pain (AKP) is a common presenting complaint for pediatricians and orthopaedic surgeons and is often seen in young athletes. AKP is multifactorial and has a broad differential diagnosis. The growth changes, biomechanics, and anatomy around the knee add to the complexity of diagnosis and treatment of AKP. Common causes of AKP include Osgood–Schlatter's disease, patellar tendinitis, and patellofemoral instability. In the diagnosis of AKP, it is important to rule out serious and morbid causes of pain, including infection and tumor. It is crucial to complete a detailed history and physical examination and obtain appropriate imaging studies. In general, the majority of patients will respond to nonoperative measures targeted to correct neuromuscular control and kinetic chain dysfunction.
Effect of Additional Treatments Combined with Conventional Therapies in Pregnant Patients with High-Risk Antiphospholipid Syndrome: A Multicentre Study
Authors: Tonello Marta , Hoxha Ariela , Sciascia Savino , Cuadrado Maria , Latino José , Udry Sebastian , Reshetnyak Tatiana , Costedoat-Chalumeau Nathalie , Morel Nathalie , Marozio Luca , Tincani Angela , Andreoli Laura , Haladyj Ewa , Meroni Pier , Gerosa Maria , Alijotas-Reig Jaume , Tenti Sara , Mayer-Pickel Karoline , Simchen Michal , Bertero Maria , De Carolis Sara , Ramoni Véronique , Mekinian Arsène , Grandone Elvira , Maina Aldo , Serrano Fátima , Pengo Vittorio , Khamashta Munther , Ruffatti Amelia
Published: February 2018

The effect of additional treatments combined with conventional therapy on pregnancy outcomes was examined in high-risk primary antiphospholipid syndrome (PAPS) patients to identify the most effective treatment strategy. The study's inclusion criteria were (1) positivity to lupus anticoagulant alone or associated with anticardiolipin and/or anti-β2 glycoprotein I antibodies; (2) a history of severe maternal–foetal complications (Group I) or a history of one or more pregnancies refractory to conventional therapy leading to unexplained foetal deaths not associated with severe maternal–foetal complications (Group II). Two different additional treatments were considered: oral—low-dose steroids (10–20 mg prednisone daily) and/or 200 to 400 mg daily doses of hydroxychloroquine and parenteral—intravenous immunoglobulins at 2 g/kg per month and/or plasma exchange. The study's primary outcomes were live birth rates and pregnancy complications. A total of 194 pregnant PAPS patients attending 20 tertiary centres were retrospectively enrolled. Hydroxychloroquine was found to be linked to a significantly higher live birth rate with respect to the other oral treatments in the Group II patients. The high (400 mg) versus low (200 mg) doses of hydroxychloroquine (p = 0.036) and its administration before versus during pregnancy (p = 0.021) were associated with a significantly higher live birth rate. Hydroxychloroquine therapy appeared particularly efficacious in the PAPS patients without previous thrombosis. Parenteral treatments were associated with a significantly higher live birth rate with respect to the oral ones (p = 0.037), particularly in the Group I patients. In conclusion, some additional treatments were found to be safe and efficacious in high-risk PAPS pregnant women.
Role of Routine Dilatations after Anorectal Reconstruction—Comparison of Two Tertiary Centers
Authors: Mullassery Dhanya , Chhabra Sumita , Babu Ashik , Iacona Roberta , Blackburn Simon , Cross Kate , De Coppi Paolo , Baillie Colin , Kenny Simon , Curry Joe
Published: February 2018

Aim Regular anal dilatations are commonly recommended in the postoperative management following posterior sagittal anorectoplasty (PSARP) in anorectal malformations (ARM). We hypothesized that routine postoperative dilatations may not affect surgical outcomes following PSARP. We compare surgical outcomes of routine postoperative dilatations versus no routine postoperative dilatations from two United Kingdom tertiary pediatric surgical centers.

Materials and Methods This is retrospective records review of patients undergoing definitive surgery for ARM in two tertiary surgical centers in the UK over 5 years. Center A used a protocol of routine postoperative dilatations, and center B used a protocol, which used dilatations only for clinical indications of stricture. Data collected included ARM type, operative procedures, and postoperative interventions. All post-operative interventions under general anesthesia (GA) were compared between groups.

Results From 2011 to 2015, 49 procedures (46 PSARPs) were performed in center A and 54 (52 PSARPs) in center B. Median follow up period was 31 months (interquartile range [IQR] 18–48). The first postoperative anal calibration under GA was documented for 43 (86%) patients in center A and for 42 (78%) patients in center B. Following this, center A followed routine postoperative dilatation (RPD) at home, and center B reserved further dilatations for specific indications. RPD was performed for 100% of patients in center A versus 8% in center B. Further anal dilatations under GA were performed in 19 (38%) children in center A and in 17 (34%) children in center B (p = 0.68). In center A, 10 patients (22%) needed further surgery versus 14 (28%) in center B (p = 0.48).

Conclusion The use of routine postoperative dilatations does not significantly improve surgical outcomes following PSARP in ARM.
The Association between Cervical Exam after Ripening with Foley Balloon Catheter and Outcomes of Nulliparous Labor Induction
Authors: Palatnik Anna , Peress Danielle , Grobman William , Battarbee Ashley
Published: February 2018

Objective Evaluate the association between cervical examination after ripening with Foley catheter and labor induction outcomes.

Materials and Methods In this retrospective cohort, nulliparous women with singleton, viable gestation undergoing cervical ripening with Foley catheter were compared based on cervical status after catheter removal or expulsion: favorable (modified Bishop score ≥ 5) or unfavorable (score < 5). Bivariable and multivariable analyses were performed to determine whether cervical examination postripening was associated with time to delivery and chance of vaginal delivery.

Results A total of 774 women were eligible. Women with favorable examination postripening had lower body mass index (BMI) and more favorable admission cervical examination. The frequency of vaginal delivery was higher in women with favorable cervical examination postripening (57.9% versus 46.8%, p < 0.01). Median durations from Foley removal or expulsion to complete dilation (8.6 h versus 11.5 h) and vaginal delivery (10.4 h versus 13.2 h) were shorter for women with favorable cervical examination postripening (p < 0.001). In multivariable analysis, favorable examination postripening remained associated with vaginal delivery (adjusted odds ratio 1.39, 95% confidence interval 1.04–1.87), and time to vaginal delivery (adjusted hazard ratio 1.39, 95% confidence interval 1.13–1.70).

Conclusion A favorable modified Bishop score after cervical ripening with Foley balloon catheter is associated with higher chance of vaginal delivery and shorter labor duration.
Die Aufmerksamkeitsdefizit- und Hyperaktivitätsstörung (ADHS) in der Erwachsenenpsychiatrie: Erfassung der ADHS-12-Monatsprävalenz, der Risikofaktoren und Komorbidität bei ADHS
Authors: Miesch Matthias , Deister Arno
Published: February 2018

Anliegen und Methodik Die ADHS-12-Monats-Prävalenz, Risikofaktoren und Komorbidität wurden an einem Kollektiv vollstationärer psychiatrischer Patienten erfasst.

Ergebnisse Es fanden sich eine ADHS-12 Monats-Prävalenz von 59,0 % (schwere Ausprägung bei 33,1 %), gehäuft komorbide Störungen (Depressionen: 92,9 %, bipolare Störungen: 5,1 %, Angststörungen: 28,6 %, emotional-instabile Persönlichkeitsstörungen: 30,6 %, ängstliche Persönlichkeitsstörungen: 31,6 %, abhängige Persönlichkeitsstörungen: 18,4 %, kombinierte Persönlichkeitsstörungen: 25,5 %, zwanghafte Persönlichkeitsstörungen: 10,2 %, PTBS: 26,5 %, Restless-legs Syndrome: 25,5 %, Adipositas: 24,5 %, Essstörungen: 11,2 %, Teilleistungsstörungen: 45,9 %, Nikotinabhängigkeiten: 51,0 %, Alkoholabhängigkeiten: 4,1 % und Substanzabhängigkeiten: 7,1 %), Risikofaktoren für ADHS, eine hohe genetische Belastung (72,4 %) und Probleme in der psychosozialen Anpassung.

Schlussfolgerungen Aufgrund der erhöhten Prävalenz der ADHS bei stationären psychiatrischen Patienten sollten diese auf das Vorliegen einer ADHS-Diagnose mittels Fragebögen überprüft und komorbide Störungen miterfasst werden.
Chirurgische und metabolische Komplikationen nach bariatrischen Operationen – Ernährungsempfehlungen
Authors: Weimann Arved , Oberänder Nadine , Hösel Jana
Published: February 2018

Der Artikel gibt eine Übersicht chirurgischer und metabolischer Komplikationen nach bariatrischer Chirurgie, deren Behandlung nur interdisziplinär erfolgen kann. Schwere chirurgische Komplikationen sind selten und die Mortalität sehr niedrig. Es liegen jedoch auch Fallberichte mit Mangelernährung durch Kurzdarmsyndrom und Indikation zur parenteralen Ernährung vor. Die chirurgische Induktion eines Gewichtsverlustes bedeutet eine veränderte Nahrungspassage und -absorption. Bereits präoperativ bestehende Ernährungsdefizite müssen einkalkuliert werden. Die Prävention einer Osteoporose oder Wernicke-Enzephalopathie erfordert frühzeitige postoperative Verlaufskontrollen mit Ernährungsberatung und lebenslanger Supplementierung mit Vitaminen und Spurenelementen.
DC glow microdischarge with a self-determined length in helium and argon at atmospheric pressure
Authors: Astafiev Alexander , Kudryavtsev Anatoly , Stepanova Olga , Belyaev Vladimir , Zamchy Roman , Chen Zhaoquan
Published: February 2018

The spatial characteristics of a stable DC glow microdischarge with currents of 1–20 mA ignited between a flat cathode and truncated cylindrical anode with a diameter of 100 μm in helium and argon at atmospheric pressure were studied. The focus of the present study is on the examination of the experimental conditions to obtain a stable and homogeneous state of the microdischarge at an electrode gap of 15–1500 μm. It is shown that such conditions are fulfilled when the parameter pL0 (p—gas pressure at 300 K; L0—electrode gap) corresponds to the values near the minimum of the Paschen curve, and the microdischarge choses its length, that is the microdischarge has a self-determined length. The main measured parameters are the voltage drops across the electrode gap and the discharge currents. In addition, the size and shape of the negative glow region of the discharge, cathode current density, and other characteristics were estimated.
Dopant-driven enhancements in the optoelectronic properties of laser ablated ZnO: Ga thin films
Authors: Hassan Ali , Jin Yuhua , Chao Feng , Irfan Muhammad , Jiang Yijian
Published: February 2018

Theoretically and experimentally evaluated optoelectronic properties of GZO (Ga-doped zinc oxide) were correlated in the present article. Density functional theory and Hubbard U (DFT + Ud + Up) first-principle calculations were used for the theoretical study. The pulsed laser deposition technique was used to fabricate GZO thin films on p-GaN, Al2O3, and p-Si substrates. X-ray diffraction graphs show single crystal growth of GZO thin films with (002) preferred crystallographic orientation. The chemical composition was studied via energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and no other unwanted impurity-related peaks were found, which indicated the impurity-free thin film growth of GZO. Field emission scanning electron microscopic micrographs revealed noodle-, seed-, and granular-like structures of GZO/GaN, GZO/Al2O3, and GZO/Si, respectively. Uniform growth of GZO/GaN was found due to fewer mismatches between ZnO and GaN (0.09%). Hall effect measurements in the van der Pauw configuration were used to check electrical properties. The highest mobility (53 cm2/Vs) with a high carrier concentration was found with low laser shots (1800). A 5-fold photoluminescence enhancement in the noodle-like structure of GZO/GaN compared with GZO/Al2O3 and GZO/Si was detected. This points toward shape-driven optical properties because the noodle-like structure is more favorable for optical enhancements in GZO thin films. Theoretical (3.539 eV) and experimental (3.54 eV) values of the band-gap were also found to be comparable. Moreover, the lowest resistivity (3.5 × 10−4 Ωcm) with 80% transmittance is evidence that GZO is a successful alternate of ITO.
Generalized elimination of the global translation from explicitly correlated Gaussian functions
Authors: Muolo Andrea , Mátyus Edit , Reiher Markus
Published: February 2018

This paper presents the multi-channel generalization of the center-of-mass kinetic energy elimination approach [B. Simmen et al., Mol. Phys. 111, 2086 (2013)] when the Schrödinger equation is solved variationally with explicitly correlated Gaussian functions. The approach has immediate relevance in many-particle systems which are handled without the Born–Oppenheimer approximation and can be employed also for Dirac-type Hamiltonians. The practical realization and numerical properties of solving the Schrödinger equation in laboratory-frame Cartesian coordinates are demonstrated for the ground rovibronic state of the H2+={p+,p+,e−} ion and the H2 = {p+, p+, e−, e−} molecule.
Kinetics of cluster-related defects in silicon sensors irradiated with monoenergetic electrons
Authors: Radu R. , Pintilie I. , Makarenko L. F. , Fretwurst E. , Lindstroem G.
Published: February 2018

This work focuses on the kinetic mechanisms responsible for the annealing behavior of radiation cluster-related defects with impact on the electrical performance of silicon sensors. Such sensors were manufactured on high resistivity n-type standard float-zone (STFZ) and oxygen enriched float-zone (DOFZ) material and had been irradiated with mono-energetic electrons of 3.5 MeV energy and fluences of 3 × 1014 cm−2 and 6 × 1014 cm−2. After irradiation, the samples were subjected either to isochronal or isothermal heat treatments in the temperature range from 80 °C to 300 °C. The specific investigated defects are a group of three deep acceptors [H(116 K), H(140 K), and H(152 K)] with energy levels in the lower half of the band gap and a shallow donor E(30 K) with a level at 0.1 eV below the conduction band. The stability and kinetics of these defects at high temperatures are discussed on the basis of the extracted activation energies and frequency factors. The annealing of the H defects takes place similarly in both types of materials, suggesting a migration rather than a dissociation mechanism. On the contrary, the E(30 K) defect shows a very different annealing behavior, being stable in STFZ even at 300 °C, but annealing-out quickly in DOFZ material at temperatures higher than 200 °C , with a high frequency factor of the order of 1013 s−1. Such a behavior rules out a dissociation process, and the different annealing behavior is suggested to be related to a bistable behavior of the defect.
Stable room temperature magnetocurrent in electrodeposited permeable n-type metal base transistor
Authors: Silva G. V. O. , Teixeira H. A. , Mello S. L. A. , de Araujo C. I. L.
Published: February 2018

We investigated a permeable metal base transistor consisting of a ZnO/NiFe/Si heterostructure. Both ZnO and NiFe layers were grown by electrodeposition techniques, using only adhesive tape masks to define deposition regions. The base permeability can thus be controlled by varying the NiFe deposition time. We report here our best results obtained for the permeable NiFe base close to the electrical percolation threshold, which gives reasonable sensitivity to the device. Magnetocurrent measurements carried out at room temperature show that this permeable metal base transistor is stable and sensitive under applied magnetic fields of low intensities, ∼100 Oe, required for electronics integration.
Flexible surface acoustic wave strain sensor based on single crystalline LiNbO3 thin film
Authors: Xu Hongsheng , Dong Shurong , Xuan Weipeng , Farooq Umar , Huang Shuyi , Li Menglu , Wu Ting , Jin Hao , Wang Xiaozhi , Luo Jikui
Published: February 2018

A flexible surface acoustic wave (SAW) strain sensor in the frequency range of 162–325 MHz was developed based on a single crystalline LiNbO3 thin film with dual resonance modes, namely, the Rayleigh mode and the thickness shear mode (TSM). This SAW sensor could handle a wide strain range up to ±3500 με owing to its excellent flexibility, which is nearly six times the detecting range of bulk piezoelectric substrate based SAW strain sensors. The sensor exhibited a high sensitivity of 193 Hz/με with a maximum hysteresis less than 1.5%. The temperature coefficients of frequency, for Rayleigh and TSM modes, were −85 and −59 ppm/°C, respectively. No visible deterioration was observed after cyclic bending for hundreds of times, showing its desirable stability and reliability. By utilizing the dual modes, the strain sensor with a self-temperature calibrated capability can be achieved. The results demonstrate that the sensor is an excellent candidate for strain sensing.
Initial perspectives of New Zealand doctors: developing capacity and a training programme in the Cook Islands
Authors: Blattner Katharina , Maoate Kiki , Lloyd Trevor , Iro Elizabeth , Davidson Scott , Jacob Mareta
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT
From 2012 to 2014, 18 New Zealand general and rural medical practitioners worked in the Cook Islands on a visiting programme to achieve the following objectives: (1) assess and assist with the capacity of the Cook Islands medical workforce; (2) assist with the infrastructure to improve clinical records and audit; (3) assist with developing a General Practice training programme for the Cook Islands; and (4) develop a training post for the Division of Rural Hospital Medicine in the Cook Islands. Each visiting doctor spent a minimum of 4 weeks in the Cook Islands. This study presents the results of a questionnaire undertaken to evaluate their experiences. There were challenges, but for most, the experience was overwhelmingly positive. There were synergies with rural practice in New Zealand. Working alongside local clinicians and being immersed in the Cook Islands health system led to better understanding of the Cook Islands perspective of rural and remote medicine. The findings provide insight into the early phase of an ongoing programme between the Cook Islands Ministry of Health and New Zealand, which has led to the development of a reciprocal training programme for generalist doctors.
Usual primary care of older people in New Zealand: association between practice characteristics and practice activities
Authors: Palapar Leah , Wilkinson-Meyers Laura , Lumley Thomas , Kerse Ngaire
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION
Information on the processes used by primary care practices to help identify older patients in need of assistance are limited in New Zealand.

AIM
To describe the processes used to promote early problem detection in older patients in primary care and the practice characteristics associated with the use of these proactive processes.

METHODS
Sixty practices were randomly selected from all primary care practices in three regions (52% response rate) and surveyed in 2010 to identify characteristics of practices performing the following activities: using assessment tools; auditing the practice; conducting specific clinics; providing home visits; and providing active patient follow-up. Practice level variables were examined.

RESULTS
Only 4 (7%) of 57 practices did not perform any of the activities. We found the following associations in the many comparisons done: no activities and greater level of deprivation of practice address (p = 0.048); more activities in main urban centres (p = 0.034); more main urban centre practices doing home visits (p = 0.001); less Canterbury practices conducting specific clinics for frail older patients (p = 0.010); and more Capital and Coast practices following-up patients who do not renew their prescriptions (p = 0.019).

DISCUSSION
There are proactive processes in place in most New Zealand practices interested in a trial about care of older people. Future research should determine whether different types of practices or the activities that they undertake make a difference to older primary care patients’ outcomes.
Early Eocene Ripogonaceae leaf macrofossils from New Zealand
Authors: Conran John G. , Kennedy Elizabeth M. , Bannister Jennifer M.
Published: February 2018

Fossil leaves from lowermost Eocene strata in the Otaio River, South Island, New Zealand, include the oldest records of the extant monocot genus, Ripogonum (Ripogonaceae). The Ripogonum fossil is represented by an incomplete leaf with preserved cuticle and is similar to, but different from, all extant and fossil Ripogonaceae, including recently described Eocene Tasmanian and South American taxa and is here described as a new species, R. palaeozeylandiae Conran, E.M.Kenn. & Bannister. This supports the theory that Ripogonaceae have a long and evolutionary history across the southern hemisphere, with the Otaio fossil flora indicating a palaeoclimate similar to the mesothermal broadleaf forests that Ripogonum still occupies today.
A sharp 𝑘-plane Strichartz inequality for the Schrödinger equation
Authors: Bennett Jonathan , Bez Neal , Flock Taryn , Gutiérrez Susana , Iliopoulou Marina
Published: February 2018

We prove that
<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="double-vertical-bar upper X left-parenthesis StartAbsoluteValue u EndAbsoluteValue squared right-parenthesis double-vertical-bar Subscript upper L Sub Subscript t comma script l Sub Superscript 3 Subscript Baseline less-than-or-equal-to upper C double-vertical-bar f double-vertical-bar Subscript upper L squared left-parenthesis double-struck upper R squared right-parenthesis Superscript 2 Baseline comma">

‖
X
(

|

u

|

2

)

‖

L

t
,
ℓ

3

≤
C
‖
f

‖

L
2

(

R

2

)

2

,

\begin{equation*} \|X(|u|^2)\|_{L^3_{t,\ell }}\leq C\|f\|_{L^2(\mathbb {R}^2)}^2, \end{equation*}

where

u
(
x
,
t
)

u(x,t)

is the solution to the linear time-dependent Schrödinger equation on

R

2

\mathbb {R}^2

with initial datum

f
f

and

X
X

is the (spatial) X-ray transform on

R

2

\mathbb {R}^2

. In particular, we identify the best constant

C
C

and show that a datum

f
f

is an extremiser if and only if it is a gaussian. We also establish bounds of this type in higher dimensions

d
d

, where the X-ray transform is replaced by the

k
k

-plane transform for any

1
≤
k
≤
d
−
1

1\leq k\leq d-1

. In the process we obtain sharp

L
2

(
μ
)

L^2(\mu )

bounds on Fourier extension operators associated with certain high-dimensional spheres involving measures

μ
\mu

supported on natural “co-

k
k

-planarity” sets.
War and Its Impact on Central American-American Literature
Authors: Argüello Tatiana
Published: February 2018

The literature of Central American-Americans is a diverse and emerging corpus of writing that testifies to the different phases and evolutions of warfare, locally and globally. This literature includes narratives about exiles and immigrants who left war zones, interdisciplinary poetry against U.S. militarized violence in different geographies, narratives about global wars and their aftermath, detective writings, and soldiers’ memoirs. War and violence have taken new shapes, and the inhumanity of war is expanded beyond the battlefield. A survey of the most representative Central American-American writers depicting these catastrophic events provides insights into the trauma of war individually and collectively and denounces its violence and causes. There are writers that propose a process of healing this history of violence and engagement with new struggles. Some of the authors in this survey make rational arguments, refuting Western-centric perspectives that justify war as a necessary and logical event. Other writers present a strong pacifist agenda as the result of having participated directly in this traumatic experience. Writers often reflect on ameliorative justice and the exile experience. Through history, they change their representation of war in Central America; later authors connect these catastrophes with violence in the United States and elsewhere. War becomes imbricated with gender violence, policing, urban policing, racism, and class discrimination. Immigrants become the main characters in many contemporary writings, and the search for identity, connected with the past of war, is common in the poetic discourse of the younger generation.
The Indigenous Presence and Central American-American Writers in the United States
Authors: Arias Arturo
Published: February 2018

The study of Native American and Indigenous literatures reveals how native knowledges resisted the Westernizing onslaught implemented forcefully since the beginning of the colonial era by colonial authorities, and after the 19th century by ruling national elites that shared with colonial authorities their belief that local Indigenous cultures needed to be Westernized to be saved. Despite its brutal enforcement, ancestral knowledges managed to resist and survived through the many social crises and transformations that took place from the 16th to the late 20th century. Their lingering effects are visible in this new literary corpus that began to appear in print since the 1960s. In the Latin American case, it is a literary production that is bilingual in nature, as all the authors publish in their own language and in Spanish. The authors in question have rescued their maternal languages in written form and standardized their systems of writing. As Central American-American Indigenous subjects migrate to the United States, they carry with them ancestral knowledges and written literatures as well.