bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implementation of Service Oriented Architecture in Cloud Computing for Periodic Salary Increment
Authors: Saragih Khairunnisa , Darwiyanto Eko , Hidayati Hetti
Published: December 2020

Technological advances are used to help improve government performance in matters relating to the use of technology in the process of Periodic Salary Increment, which is the task of the sub-division of staffing at the Regional Government Forestry Service Office of West Java Province. Judging from the document for Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) for the subdivision of the West Java Provincial Government Forestry Service office in 2018, in the work process section of periodic salary increases with stages that require time and energy so that the performance process appears less effective. So that it implements a system that can complete the periodic salary work process using the Cloud Computing-based Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) method. The purpose of using cloud computing is to increase reliability and flexibility without increasing computing costs. Cloud computing has become a solution and opportunity for the development of the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) industry to get better advantages over other technologies. On the other hand, the user does not need to see or have knowledge of the physical location and system configuration of the service. This research resulted in the performance of the sub-division of the staffing of the West Java Provincial Government Forestry Service in the process of making regular salary increases more effective. And from the test can prove that 74.74% of the questions answered "Yes" are successful.
Pengaruh Latihan Menggunakan Simulator Sepeda Berbasis Virtual Reality Pada Keseimbangan Dan Gaya Berjalan Penderita Pasca Stroke
Authors: Fuad Al Haris Muhammad , Rini Eka Mistiko , Yusuf Dianni , Lesmana I Putu Dody
Published: December 2020

Gangguan keseimbangan dan gaya berjalan merupakan masalah utama pada terapi fisik pasca stroke akibat kurangnya koordinasi saraf motorik, sensorik, dan kognitif. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan simulator sepeda berbasis virtual reality dalam melatih keseimbangan dan gaya berjalan pasca stroke. Subjek penelitian melibatkan 10 penderita pasca stroke yang secara acak dibagi dalam kelompok uji (n=5) dan kelompok kontrol (n=5). Semua subjek melakukan latihan berjalan dengan bantuan fisioterapis selama 20 menit, sedangkan kelompok uji coba mendapatkan tambahan latihan VRAC selama 20 menit, 5 kali seminggu selama 1 bulan. Penilaian keseimbangan dilakukan menggunakan Berg Balance Scale (BBS) dan penilaian gaya berjalan menggunakan 10-MWT. Dari hasil uji coba didapatkan bahwa nilai BBS dan 10-MWT dari kelompok uji mengalami kenaikan yang signifikan dibandingkan kelompok kontrol. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan simulator VRAC dalam terapi fisik stroke dapat memperbaiki keseimbangan dan gaya berjalan sehingga sesuai digunakan secara klinis lebih lanjut.
THE MODERATING EFFECT OF INDEPENDENT COMMISIONERS ON FINANCIAL POLICY AND PUBLIC OWNERSHIP TOWARD CORPORATE FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE
Authors: Silitonga Niko
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe corporate financial performance is one of the measurement instrument whether the company is sustainable. This study aims to determine the effect of financial policy and public ownership on corporate financial performance with Independence of commissioners as a moderating variable in mining companies listed on Indonesia Stock Exchanges. This research uses a quantitative research model using secondary data. The data in this study were processed by the Moderating Regression Analysis (MRA) method supported by the IBM SPSS and Microsoft Excel programs as support software with data analysis techniques in the form of a classic assumption test and R2 test, F test, and t test. The population in this study are companies that have reported annual reports consistently during the 2014-2017 period. This study used a purposive sampling technique and obtained as many as 19 companies in accordance with predetermined criteria. The results of this study indicate that financial policy proxied by debt policy (DER) has a significant and positive effect on corporate financial performance, public ownership has no significant effect on corporate financial performance, independence commissioners strengthen the relationship between financial policy on corporate financial performance and independence commissioners do not has a moderating role between the relationship between Public Ownership and corporate financial performance. This study uses data from mining sector companies, it is recommended for further research to use other sectors such as: Property & Real Estate Sector, Manufacturing Sector, and others listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The implications of this study for the company management, this research can provide input to the company to be able to choose and use an independent commissioner who fulfills expertise in the financial and business fields of his company in order to make a decision on his company's financial policy.Keywords: Independence of Commissioners, Financial Policy, Public Ownership, Corporate Financial Performance.
Decolonisation through Poetry: Building First Nations’ Voice and Promoting Truth-Telling
Authors: Manathunga Catherine , Davidow Shelley , Williams Paul , Gilbey Kathryn , Bunda Tracey , Raciti Maria , Stanton Sue
Published: December 2020

The impetus to decolonise high schools and universities has been gaining momentum in Southern locations such as South Africa and Australia. In this article, we use a polyvocal approach, juxtaposing different creative and scholarly voices, to argue that poetry offers a range of generative possibilities for the decolonisation of high school and university curricula. Australian First Nations’ poetry has been at the forefront of the Indigenous political protest movement for land rights, recognition, justice and Treaty since the British settlement/invasion. Poetry has provided Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples with a powerful vehicle for speaking back to colonial power. In this article, a team of Indigenous and non-Indigenous researchers argue that poetry can be a powerful vehicle for Indigenous voices and Knowledges. We suggest that poetry can create spaces for deep listening (dadirri), and that listening with the heart can promote truth-telling and build connections between First Nations and white settler communities.  These decolonising efforts underpin the “Wandiny (gathering together)—Listen with the Heart: Uniting Nations through Poetry” research that we discuss in this article. We model our call-and-response methodology by including the poetry of our co-author and Aboriginal Elder of the Kungarakan people in the Northern Territory, Aunty Sue Stanton, with poetic responses by some of her co-authors.
Dancing with Mountains
Authors: Ndlovu Malika Lueen
Published: December 2020

Poetry informed by indigenous knowledge systems, whether written, spoken or heard, offers ideal pathways for healing and transformation. Being “medicine” in the broadest non-clinical sense, it is deeply restorative as activism, as caregiving practice and as balm in the face of relentless assaults on our bodies and beings. This I exemplify in my own work alongside a range of South African poets and poetry educators, authors, healers and (arts and/or education) activists with the hope of inspiring further research and documentation of such work.
Poem: New Land
Authors: Moolman Kobus
Published: December 2020

Poem
Poem: Alice Days
Authors: Walter Brian
Published: December 2020

Poem
Poem: The Nineteen Eighties
Authors: Walter Brian
Published: December 2020

Poem
Namibia and Blanket Amnesties: Challenging the Namibian Blanket Amnesties on the basis of International Law in the Namibian Courts
Authors: Kisla Atilla
Published: December 2020

Amnesty laws issued by Administrator General Pienaar in 1989 and 1990 still show their effect by preventing prosecutions and investigations of situations that occurred before Namibia’s independence. Unlike South Africa, Namibia did not establish a truth-finding body such as the Truth and Reconciliation Commission. The result is a situation of silence, oblivion and impunity without any kind of accountability. On this basis, crimes such as international crimes or serious human rights violations have never been prosecuted or even investigated. As this article argues, the amnesty laws from 1989 and 1990 qualify as blanket amnesties. Up until today, Namibians as well as the members of the South African Defence Force benefit from those amnesties. Against this backdrop, the question of whether the Namibian blanket amnesties apply in relation to international crimes and grave human rights violations will be addressed. This article argues that based on international law, the application of the Namibian blanket amnesties can be challenged in a potential criminal case that deals with international crimes or grave human rights violations in the Namibian courts. Therefore, this article illustrates how international law applies in the Namibian legal system. In this context, Namibia follows a monist approach which makes it quite receptive of international law and international standards. On this basis, this article points out binding international law at the time before and after Namibia’s independence as well as examining Namibia’s binding treaty obligations which arise under the Geneva Conventions, Torture Convention and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. In the next section, an examination of domestic and international jurisprudence lays the foundation for the argument that the Namibian blanket amnesties can be challenged in a Namibian court when the crimes in question constitute international crimes, such as crimes against humanity or war crimes.
Analyzing the oral performance of Portuguese as a Host Language speakers through the Outcome Achievement measure
Authors: Marcelino Ana Flávia Boeing , D'Ely Raquel Carolina de Souza Ferraz
Published: December 2020

The teaching of Portuguese as a Host Language has faced many challenges since its establishment as part of the field of Portuguese as a Foreign Language, mainly for presenting specificities unknown to the teachers and researchers in the field (GROSSO, 2010; DEUSDARÁ; ARANTES; BRENNER, 2018). Among these challenges are the methods employed to analyze the oral performance of the Host Language speakers. With this in mind, this report aims at discussing the evaluation of the oral performance of adult immigrants, beginner students of Brazilian Portuguese as a Host Language, based on two descriptive scales of the measure of Outcome Achievement, a multifaceted measure that looks, mainly, at pragmatic aspects of language use in tasks whose main focus is the communicative outcome of the performance. Even though the proposal of criteria that compose the measure of Outcome Achievement is based on the interpretation of raters, which might bring incongruences to the evaluations, the measure presents an alternative to evaluating oral performance in contrast with other more traditional measures. In conclusion, the employment of the Outcome Achievement measure to analyze oral performance in tasks to teach Portuguese as a Host Language brings aspects that are inherent to this context of teaching, taking into account the immediate objectives of language use of the immigrant population.
Liability Limits of Transport Commission Agent
Authors: Battah Mohammad
Published: December 2020

Considering the importance of transport commission agent's work and through the examination of transport commission agent's liability, the intensity and burden of transport commission agent's liability is shown. The legal nature of a transport commission agent's obligation is an obligation to achieve a result, thus he usually has to contract out of liability, either through the legal limits of liability where the law established the legal exemptions that the transport commission agent would benefit from, as well as the agreement limits of liability through the cases in which the law allowed the transport commission agent to establish a condition under the agreement exempts him from liability or specify his damage liability.
Since the law prohibited the transport commission agent from establishing any condition that exempted him from liability in the cases of damage and injury, thus he is bound by compensating his agent fully for the occurring damages, except the cases in which the transport commission agent establishes a condition to limit his liability within the limits permitted by the law. 
Lastly, the development and importance of the transport commission agent's trade and profession and its resulting legal conflicts and problems are the reason behind conducting this study in order to identify the liability limits of the transport commission agent.
Conflicts of adolescents and their homoeopathic management: A case series
Authors: Mehta Nikita Sureshchandra , MD
Published: December 2020

Objectives:

(1) The objectives of the study were to identify the various conflicts faced by adolescents and resolve them with multidimensional management strategies designed specifically for each case and (2) to explore the role of homoeopathy along with ancillary measures in conflict resolution for adolescents.

Materials and Methods:

The details of the chief complaints, developmental characteristics and the problems faced by the adolescents were studied and analysed. The specific conflicts were identified and individual multidimensional management strategies were devised accordingly. Homoeopathic management along with ancillary measures such as psychological counselling of patient and family, diet and lifestyle modification guidance, meditation and relaxation techniques and career guidance was the basic modalities used to resolve conflicts.

Results:

Positive outcomes were achieved with suitable interventions made at the right time; this not only resolved the conflicts but also helped in preventing any adverse consequences or faulty development of the adolescents.

Conclusion:

This study helps in appreciating the role of homoeopathy in the management of various physical, emotional, intellectual, psychosocial, sexual and behavioural conflicts faced by adolescents. The holistic approach used in the homoeopathic system of medicine along with ancillary measures can cause transformations at several levels, enabling individuals to lead a healthier and happier life as adolescents and adults.
Potensi Karton Bekas Minuman sebagai Komposit PolyAl-Fiber
Authors: Rizaluddin Andri Taufick , Rostika Ike , Wattimena Reza Bastari Imran
Published: December 2020

Dalam rangka penanggulangan limbah karton bekas minuman (KBM), telah dikembangkan proses daur ulang untuk mengembalikannya menjadi bahan baku. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui potensi pemanfaatan KBM sebagai bahan baku komposit yang lebih tahan air, dan membandingkannya dengan spesifikasi teknis produk sejenis. Pembuatan komposit dilakukan dengan pemanasan menggunakan alat hot press pada suhu 165oC dan tekanan 25-30 kg/cm2 selama 10 menit. Produk komposit yang diperoleh memiliki nilai bending strength 12,78 MPa, bending modulus 11,60 GPa, flammability 3 cm/menit, daya serap air 2,1-14,1%, kadar air 0,9-1,9%, dan rapat massa 0,68-0,94 g/cm3, pada ketebalan 2,5-3,5 mm. Komposit PolyAl-fiber dapat memenuhi persyaratan standar papan serat, papan partikel maupun komposit kayu plastik tanpa penambahan bahan maupun proses lain, yang mengindikasikan komposit PolyAl-fiber memiliki potensi untuk digunakan dalam berbagai keperluan sejenis. Komposit PolyAl-fiber akan dapat menghasilkan papan komposit dengan kualitas lebih baik, karena lebih fleksibel, lebih tahan air, dan lebih tahan api bila dibandingkan dengan produk lain yang terbuat dari bahan baku kayu atau biomassa.Potential of Used Beverages Cartons for PolyAl-Fiber Composite AbstractVarious recycling processes have been developed to overcome the problem of used beverage carton (UBC) waste. Research was conducted to determine the potential utilization of UBC as a material for more waterproof composite and compared it to similar products. The composites were made using hot press machine at temperature of 165oC and pressure of 25-30 kg/cm2 for 10 minutes with 5% - 30% fiber content. The PolyAl-fiber composite obtained had bending strength of 12.78 MPa, bending modulus of 11.60 GPa, flammability of 3 cm/min, water absorption of 2.1-14.1%, moisture content of 0.9-1.9%, and density of 0.68-0.94 g/cm3, at thickness of 2.5-3.5 mm. The PolyAl-fiber composite could meet the requirements for fiberboard, particleboard, or plastic wood composite standards without extra additives or treatment to the raw materials, indicating that it could be used for similar purposes. The PolyAl-fiber composites may able to produce a better quality of composite boards, due to their flexible, waterproof, and fire-resistant characteristics compared to similar products made from wood or
Coastal fishes in the northwestern Okhotsk Sea (westward from 147o E): fishery and prospects of its development
Authors: Ovsyannikov V. P.
Published: December 2020

Fishery at the northwestern Okhotsk Sea coast is analyzed for the period from 2000 to 2019. Pacific herring, saffron cod, pacific cod, capelin, flounders (Limanda aspera, Pleuronectes quadrituberculatus and Platichthys stellatus), and smelts (Hypomesus japonicus and Osmerus mordax) are landed in this area. The spawning herring prevails (95.2 %) in the catch. Almost all spawning herring is caught at the coast of Khabarovsky Krai. Taking into account the area of spawning grounds for herring in the lagoons of the coasta, withdrawal of this species could be increased, though actually it was decreased in the last two decades in 1.8 times, and since 2012 the herring fishery is continued in Okhotsk District only. The fishing strategy changed: offshore harvesting with stationary nets transformed to combined using of stationary and casting nets and expanded to the rivers. The catches delivery changed, as well: the herring catches are processed mostly ashore since 2008. Withdrawal of saffron cod fluctuated from 1.9 % to 186.5 % of the total available catch (TAC) volume for this species, with rapid growth in the last 5 years; its main fishing grounds shifted from the waters of Nikolayevsk District to the waters of Tugur-Chumikan District. Landings of smelt grew since 2009, too: annual catches of rainbow smelt increased from 72.2 t, on average, in 2009–2014 to 119.4 t in the last 5 years (up to 90 % of this volume was caught in Tugur-Chumikan District); landing of japanese smelt grows even faster and now exceeds 50 % of TAC. The stock of capelin was exploited weakly, annual catches of this species changed from 0.7 % to 23.3 % of TAC. Stationary and casting nets were the only fishing gears used for the capelin fishery in 2000s, but recently midwater trawls are also used. Catches of flounders had a growth tendency, though they were rather low and never exceeded 50 % of the recommended volumes. Dynamics of the pacific cod landings became positive when fishermen started to use small boats for this fishery, its annual catches increased in 2014–2019 from 69.7 to 84.8 t, the withdrawal rate achieved 9.3 % of TAC. Available fish resources in the northwestern Okhotsk Sea and technical equipment of local enterprises provide strong potential of fishery industry in this area.
Seasonal and inter-annual dynamics of biological parameters for mysid Paracanthomysis shikhotaniensis in Peter the Great Bay (Japan Sea)
Authors: Sedova L. G. , Budnikova L. L.
Published: December 2020

Size and sex structure of the mysid Paracanthomysis shikhotaniensis aggregations in Peter the Great Bay (Japan Sea) is considered. The samples were collected at the depth of 0.5–2.0 m at Reineke Island in May-October of 2014–2018. All sampled mysids (1601 ind.) were measured under binocular microscope with accuracy of 0.1 mm, weighted by torsion scales with accuracy of 1 mg, and separated to males, females and juveniles. The females were differentiated by 5 stages of their development: 1) immature females with oostegetic rudiments; 2) oviparous females; 3) females with embryos in the marsupia bags without stalk-eyes with black pigment; 4) females with embryos in marsupia bags with black eyes; and 5) spawned females with empty marsupii. Their body length varied from 5.0 to 27.8 mm, being much larger in spring and early summer than in late summer and autumn. Juveniles were absent in spring, but abundant in July-October. Females were larger than males, their body length varied from 9.0 to 27.8 mm, whereas the length of males — from 8.3 to 19.0 mm. Seasonal variations of the size structure were similar in different years, with small deflections due to changes of water temperature and weather conditions. In contrast, sex structure of the mysid aggregations had significant interannual differences. The females to males ratio was almost stable from June to September (females prevailed), but changed to males domination in October. Spawning of P.shikhotaniensiswas extended in time because of several generations spawned, that was confirmed by permanent occurrence of females with embryos at different stages of development.
Recent changes of water level in Lake Khanka and their consequences for its fisheries resources
Authors: Zuenko Y. I. , Shapovalov M. E. , Kurnosova A. S.
Published: December 2020

Interannual variation of the water level in Lake Khanka is considered on satellite altimetry data; its extreme rising in recent years is noted, with the maximum in 2016. Using a simple balance model, contribution of the main components of its water balance to the modern rise is determined, as precipitation in its basin, evaporation, and water discharge through the Sungacha River. Growth of summer precipitation is defined as the main reason of the level rising. However, the water income to the lake does not correlate with the precipitation volume since 2010 that confirms the hypothesis about artificial influence on the water balance of Lake Khanka by its connection with the Mulin River (China) and worsening of the outflow through the Sungacha. As the result, the lake got additionally about 1.3 km3in 2014–2015 that promoted the level rise to the highest mark. But before and after this period, the water inflow was lower than its expected values, obviously because of its redistribution. Positive influence of the anomalous water level growth on total abundance of commercial fish species is shown. The high level is favorable for reproduction of phytophilic species (Cyprinus rubrofuscus), whereas abundance of pelagophilic species (Chanodichthys erythropterus) declines.
Variation in the Structure and Activity of Commercial Palladium on Carbon Catalysts
Authors: Crawford Conor , Qiao Yan , Liu Yequn , Huang Dongmei , Yan Wenjun , Oscarson Stefan , Chen Shuai
Published: December 2020

Palladium catalysed hydrogenolysis is often the final step in challenging natural product total synthesis and a key step in industrial processes towards fine chemicals. Here we demonstrate that there is wide variability in quality of commercial sources of palladium on carbon (Pd/C), which results in differences in selectivity, reaction times, and yields. This is established through a combination of XRD, XPS, BET and TEM analysis, this will serve as a template for others to quickly identify a high-quality source of Pd/C catalyst — meaning less time spent on time consuming reaction optimisation studies. Key indicators of a high-quality catalyst include: small particle sizes, large surface area, and the presence of both Pd0 and Pd2+ active species (not present in all commercial sources). Further this work will enable the design and synthesis of new high-quality Pd/C catalysts.
Neural Network Sampling of the Free Energy Landscape for Nitrogen Dissociation on Ruthenium
Authors: Lee Elizabeth , Ludwig Thomas , Yu Boyuan , Singh Aayush , Gygi François , Nørskov Jens Kehlet , de Pablo Juan
Published: December 2020

Reaction rates in heterogeneous catalysis are predicted using the free energy profiles of elementary reactions. Conventionally, the energetics are computed from critical points of the potential energy surface, with harmonic free energy corrections. Here we use ab initio molecular dynamics and neural network-assisted enhanced sampling simulations to directly calculate the free energy landscape of a prototypical heterogeneous catalysis reaction, the dissociation of molecular nitrogen on ruthenium. We show that accelerating force- and frequency-based enhanced sampling using neural networks can characterize reactive phenomena at density functional theory-level accuracy. A previously reported molecularly adsorbed metastable state is found in the potential energy surface but is absent in the free energy surface. The potential of mean force for the dissociation reaction shows significant temperature-dependent effects beyond the standard harmonic approximation. We demonstrate that these thermodynamic effects can be important for elementary reactions on transition metal surfaces.
Negative X-Ray Expansion in Cadmium Cyanide
Authors: Coates Chloe , Murray Claire A. , Boström Hanna , Reynolds Emily , Goodwin Andrew
Published: December 2020

Cadmium cyanide, Cd(CN)2, is a flexible coordination polymer best studied for its strong and isotropic negative thermal expansion (NTE) effect. Here we show that this NTE is actually X-ray exposure dependent: Cd(CN)2 contracts not only on heating but also on irradiation by X-rays. This behaviour contrasts that observed in other beam-sensitive materials, for which X-ray exposure drives lattice expansion. We call this effect ‘negative X-ray expansion’ (NXE) and suggest its origin involves an interaction between X-rays and cyanide ‘flips’; in particular, we rule out local heating as a possible mechanism. Irradiation also affects the nature of a low-temperature phase transition. Our analysis resolves discrepancies in NTE coefficients reported previously on the basis of X-ray diffraction measurements, and we establish the ‘true’ NTE behaviour of Cd(CN)2 across the temperature range 150–750 K. The interplay between irradiation and mechanical response in Cd(CN)2 highlights the potential for exploiting X-ray exposure in the design of functional materials.
Metal-Support Interactions and C1 Chemistry: Transforming Pt-CeO2 into a Highly Active and Stable Catalyst for the Conversion of Carbon Dioxide and Methane
Authors: Zhang Feng , Gutiérrez Ramón A. , Lustemberg Pablo , Liu Zongyuan , Rui Ning , Wu Tianpin , Ramírez Pedro J. , Xu Wenqian , Idriss Hicham , Ganduglia-Pirovano M. V. , Senanayake Sanjaya D. , Rodriguez José A.
Published: December 2020

There is an ongoing search for materials which can accomplish the activation of two dangerous greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide and methane. In the area of C1 chemistry, the reaction between CO2 and CH4 to produce syngas, known as methane dry reforming (MDR), is attracting a lot of interest due to its green nature. On Pt(111), elevated temperatures are necessary to activate the reactants and massive deposition of carbon makes this metal surface ineffective for the MDR process. In this study, we show that strong metal-support interactions present in Pt/CeO2(111) and Pt/CeO2 powders lead to systems which can bind well CO2 and CH4 at room temperature and are excellent and stable catalysts for the MDR process at moderate temperature (500 ºC). The behaviour of these systems was studied using a combination of in-situ/operando methods which pointed to an active Pt-CeO2-x interface. In this interface, the oxide is far from being a passive spectator. It modifies the chemical properties of Pt, facilitating improved methane dissociation, and is directly involved in the adsorption and dissociation of CO2 making the MDR catalytic cycle possible. A comparison of the benefits gained by the use of an effective metal-oxide interface and those obtained by plain bimetallic bonding indicates that the former is much more important when optimizing the C1 chemistry associated with CO2 and CH4 conversion. The presence of elements with a different chemical nature at the metal-oxide interface opens the possibility for truly cooperative interactions in the activation of C-O and C-H bonds.
Evolving to an Ideal Synthesis of Molnupiravir, an Investigational Treatment for COVID-19
Authors: Benkovics Tamas , McIntosh John , Silverman Steven , Kong Jongrock , Maligres Peter , Itoh Tetsuji , Yang Hao , Huffman Mark , Verma Deeptak , Pan Weilan , Ho Hsing-I , Vroom Jonathan , Knight Anders , Hurtak Jessica , Morris William , Strotman Neil , Murphy Grant , Maloney Kevin , Fier Patrick
Published: December 2020

Molnupiravir (MK-4482) is an investigational direct-acting antiviral agent that is under development for the treatment of COVID-19. Given the potential high demand for this compound, it was critical to develop a sustainable and efficient synthesis from commodity raw materials. The three-step route that we report here embodies the shortest possible synthesis to molnupiravir, and was enabled through the invention of a novel biocatalytic cascade and final condensation step. Each step occurs in over 95% yield and only utilizes widely available commodity reagents and simple operations. Compared to the initial route, the new route is 70% shorter, and approximately seven-fold higher in overall yield.
Closing the Yellow Gap with Eu- and Tb-Doped GaN: One Luminescent Host Resulting in Three Colours
Authors: Braun Cordula , Mereacre liuda , Chen Zheng , Slabon Adam
Published: December 2020

GaN is a key material when it comes to highly efficient warm white all-nitride phosphor converted light emitting diodes (pc-LED). Here we present the doping of bulk GaN with Europium and Terbium and the combination of both resulting in intriguing luminescence properties, pushing the role of GaN:Eu,Tb as a chief component in future light emitiing diodes. By this colour tuning we prove that one luminescent host can provide three colours (red, green, orange) and even the so called "yellow gap" could be closed with a III-nitride.
On the Relationship Between Hydrogen-Bonding Motifs and the 1b1 Splitting in the X-ray Emission Spectrum of Liquid Water
Authors: Cruzeiro Vinicius , Wildman Andrew , Li Xiasong , Lab Paesani
Published: December 2020

The split of the 1b1 peak observed in the X-ray emission (XE) spectrum of liquid water has been the focus of intense research over the last two decades. Although several hypotheses have been proposed to explain the origin of the 1b1 splitting, a general consensus has not yet been reached. In this study, we introduce a novel theoretical/computational approach which, combining path-integral molecular dynamics (PIMD) simulations carried out with the MB-pol potential energy function and time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) calculations, correctly predicts the split of the 1b1 peak in liquid water and not in crystalline ice. A systematic analysis in terms of the underlying local structure of liquid water at ambient conditions indicates that several different hydrogen-bonding motifs contribute to the overall XE lineshape in the energy range corresponding to emissions from the 1b1 orbitals, which suggests that it is not possible to unambiguously attribute the split of the 1b1 peak to only two specific structural arrangements of the underlying hydrogen-bonding network.
Stereorandomization as a Method to Probe Peptide Bioactivity
Authors: Siriwardena Thissa N. , Gan Bee-Ha , Köhler Thilo , van Delden Christian , Javor Sacha , Reymond Jean-Louis
Published: December 2020

Solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) is usually performed with optically pure building blocks to prepare peptides as single enantiomers. Herein we report that SPPS using racemic amino acids provides stereorandomized (sr) peptides, containing up to billions of different stereoisomers, as well-defined single HPLC peak, single mass products with high yield, which can be used to investigate peptide bioactivity. To exemplify our method, we show that stereorandomization abolishes the membrane disruptive effect of α-helical amphiphilic antimicrobial peptides but preserves their antibiofilm effect, implying different mechanisms involving folded versus disordered conformations. For antimicrobial peptide dendrimers by contrast, stereorandomization preserves antibacterial, membrane disruptive and anti-biofilm effects but reduces hemolysis and cytotoxicity, thereby increasing their therapeutic index. Finally, we identify partially stereorandomized analogs of the last resort cyclic peptide antibiotic polymyxin B with preserved antibacterial activity but lacking membrane disruptive and lipopolysaccharide neutralizing activity, pointing to the existence of additional targets.
NILAI-NILAI PENDUKUNG KESANTUNAN DALAM BAHASA BANJAR:TINJAUAN PRAGMATIK
Authors: Diah NFN Jahdiah
Published: December 2020

Everyone needs speak politely. A person speaks and behaves politely for self-actualization. The use of language politeness is not only determined by the choice of words, but also by the attitude of the speaker to the speech partner or interlocutor. The objective of this study is to describe the supporting values of language politeness in the Banjar language. This study uses a descriptive method; it is a descriptive quantitative, this research consists of three steps, namely 1) collecting data, 2) data analysis, and 3 presenting the results of data analysis. This research data consists of various kinds of utterances in various social communication situations in the Banjar language speaker. This study uses a pragmatic theory, especially regarding the politeness scale of language by Robin Lakoff. The results show that the supporting values of politeness in the Banjar language are based on 1) humility, 2) empathy, 3) respect, 4) sacrifice and 5) introspective manner.
BENTUK, MAKNA, DAN FUNGSI GAYA BAHASA SEBAGAI CERMINAN KEARIFAN LOKAL BAHASA KAILI
Authors: NFN Tamrin , NFN Nursyamsi
Published: December 2020

AbstrakKearifan lokal merupakan kecerdasan manusia yang dimiliki oleh kelompok etnik tertentu yang diperoleh melalui pengalaman masyarakat. Namun setakat ini, kearifan lokal tersebut seakan tenggelam tergerus oleh pengaruh budaya asing. Dengan mengungkapkan kearifan lokal pada ungkapan gaya bahasa dalam bahasa Kaili, penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan bentuk, fungsi, dan makna kearifan lokal dalam ungkapan gaya bahasa dalam bahasa Kaili. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode  penyediaan data,  analisis data, dan penyajian hasil analisis. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa kearifan lokal dalam bentuk ungkapan gaya bahasa  dalam bahasa Kaili yang  dapat dijadikan sebagai keraifan lokal masyarakat Kaili adalah gaya bahasa  berdasarkan makna seperti  eufemisme, persamaan atau simile,  metafora,  personifikasi,  eponim dan ironi. Fungsi dan  makna   dalam  ungkapan gaya bahasa  Kaili  masih tetap relavan  untuk dijadikan sebagai bentuk  kearifan lokal oleh masyarakat etnik Kaili.  Adapun fungsi  gaya bahasa tersebut sebagai alat pengendali  dan pengawas norma  sosial, alat komunikasi, alat pengendali masyarakat, alat pendidikan anak, serta sarana pemeliharaan  dan pemerkuat  kerukunan antarummat beragama dan antaretnik. Makna ungkapan tersebut   dijadiakan sebagai media kearifan lokal  oleh orang tua, pemuka agama,  tokoh masyarakat dalam menyampaikan nasihat,  larangan, dan ajaran agama.AbstractLocal culture was human intelligence which was owned by ethnicity community which was gotten through society experiences but now, the local culture as if downing  by effect of foreign culture. By using local culture in language style expression in kalinese language, this research purposed to describe form, meaning and function of local culture in expression of language style in kalinese language. The method which was used in this research was data provision of data, data analysis, and presentation of analysis result. The analysis result showed that  local culture in language expression form in kailinese language which could be made as local culture of kailinese was language style based on its meaning, such as eufemisme, similarity or smile, metaphor, personification, eponym, and irony. Function and meaning in expression of kailinese language style still relevant to be made as form of local culture by kailinese ethnicity society. As for its function of language style as tool of controller and supervisor of social norm, tool of communication, tool of society controller, tool of child education, maintenance facilities and strengthen of harmony between religious society and between interethnic. That meaning was made as media of local culture by parents, religious leader, public figure in giving advice, forbidden and religious teaching.
INTERFERENSI BAHASA INDONESIA DALAM BAHASA BAKUMPAI DALAM CERITA “MANG RAJA HAJI DENGAN UJU PUTRINYA” INDONESIAN INTERFERENCE IN BAKUMPAI LANGUAGE IN THE BAKUMPAI FOLKLORE "MANG RAJA HAJI DENGAN KEUJU PUTRINYA"
Authors: JAMZAROH SITI
Published: December 2020

Abstract             This study aims 1) to describe the morphological interference events, and 2) to describe the lexical interference events; Indonesian in the Bakumpai language in a story entitled Mang Raja Haji with his daughter's Keuju. The method used in this research is data provision, data processing, and data analysis. Provision of data using the technique of engaging free listening proficiently and technique of note taking. Data processing is done by using the triangulation technique with the help of dictionaries and native speakers of Bakumpai language informants. Data analysis was carried out by classifying data based on word categories and types of interference found. The findings are 1) morphological interference occurs in verbal words and phrases, 2) lexical interference occurs in types of words or phrases: verbal, adjective, adverbial, conjunction, and noun.            Key Word, interferensi, trianggulasi, frasa AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan  1) mendskripsikan peristiwa interferensi morfologi, dan 2) mendeskripsikan peristiwa interferensi leksikal; bahasa Indonesia dalam bahasa Bakumpai dalam cerita yang berjudul Mang Raja Haji dengan Keuju Putrinya. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah  penyediaan data, pengolahan data, dan penganalisasisan data. Penyediaan data dengan menggunakan teknik simak bebas libat cakap dan teknik  catat, Pengolahan data dilakukan dengan mengunakan teknik trianggulasi dengan bantuan kamus dan informan penutur asli Bahasa Bakumpai. Penganalisisan data dilakukan dengan mengklasifikasikan data berdasarkan kategori kata, dan jenis interferensi yang ditemukan. Hasil temuannya adalah 1) interenferesi morfologi tejadi pada kata dan frasa verbal, 2) interferensi leksikal terjadi pada jenis kata atau frase:  verbal, adjektiva, adverbial, konjungsi, dan nomina,            Key Word, interferensi, trianggulasi, frasa
KONFLIK DALAM TUTURAN MAKLAR DI JALAN AHMAD YANI, LANDASAN ULIN, BANJARBARU
Authors: Yayuk Rissari
Published: December 2020

Abstrak: Sebuah tuturan tidak selalu mencapai tujuan komunikasi yang nyaman dan lancar. Masalah penelitian yaitu  bagaimana wujud tuturan maklar atau mitra tutur di jalan Ahmad Yani, Landasan Ulin yang menyebabkan konflik dan apa  penyebab tuturan maklar menimbulkan konflik. Tujuan penelitian mendeskripsikan wujud tuturan maklar di jalan Ahmad Yani, Landasan Ulin yang menyebabkan konflik dan  Penyebab tuturan maklar sehingga menimbulkan konflik. Metode dalam penelitian deskripstif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data rekaman, catat, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data berdasarkan teori pragmatik . Penyajian data menggunakan kata-kata biasa. Pengambilan data dari bulan Januari 2019  hingga Pebruari 2019. Tempat pengambilan data di sepanjang jalan Akmad Yani, Landasan Ulin, Banjarbaru, Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan. Sumber data dari tuturan berbahasa Banjar maklar atau mitra tutur dengan  peserta tutur lainnya di tempat tersebut.Hasil penelitian yaitu  wujud tuturan maklar atau mitra tutur yang menimbulkan konflik  ditandai dengan menggunakan penanda linguistik yang kasar, bernada  ancaman, dan ungkapan hiperbola. Maksud tuturan mitra tutur yang menyebabkan  konflik yaitu menyatakan ketidaksetujuan atas apa yang diinginkan penutur, mitra tutur melakukan penghinaan atas kondisi fisik penutur, dan  mitra tutur bermaksud bercanda kepada penutur. Kesimpulannya adalah tuturan maklar atau mitra tutur dengan ragam maksudnya  menimbulkan konflik akibat dilakukannya pelanggaran prinsip kesantunan berbahasa.
IMiDs induce FAM83F degradation via an interaction with CK1α to attenuate Wnt signalling
Authors: Dunbar Karen , Macartney Thomas J , Sapkota Gopal P
Published: December 2020

Immunomodulatory imide drugs (IMiDs) bind CRBN, a substrate receptor of the Cul4A E3 ligase complex, enabling the recruitment of neo-substrates, such as CK1α, and their degradation via the ubiquitinproteasome system. Here, we report FAM83F as such a neo-substrate. The eight FAM83 proteins (A-H) interact with and regulate the subcellular distribution of CK1α. We demonstrate that IMiD-induced FAM83F degradation requires its association with CK1α. However, no other FAM83 protein is degraded by IMiDs. We have recently identified FAM83F as a mediator of the canonical Wnt signalling pathway. The IMiD-induced degradation of FAM83F attenuated Wnt signalling in colorectal cancer cells and removed CK1α from the plasma membrane, mirroring the phenotypes observed with genetic ablation of FAM83F. Intriguingly, the expression of FAM83G, which also binds to CK1α, appears to attenuate the IMiD-induced degradation of CK1α, suggesting a protective role for FAM83G on CK1α. Our findings reveal that the efficiency and extent of target protein degradation by IMiDs depends on the nature of inherent multiprotein complex in which the target protein is part of.
Proteostasis in dendritic cells is controlled by the PERK signaling axis independently of ATF4
Authors: Mendes Andreia , Gigan Julien P , Rodriguez Rodrigues Christian , Choteau Sébastien A , Sanseau Doriane , Barros Daniela , Almeida Catarina , Camosseto Voahirana , Chasson Lionel , Paton Adrienne W , Paton James C , Argüello Rafael J , Lennon-Duménil Ana-Maria , Gatti Evelina , Pierre Philippe
Published: December 2020

In stressed cells, phosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factor 2α (eIF2α) controls transcriptome-wide changes in mRNA translation and gene expression known as the integrated stress response. We show here that DCs are characterized by high eIF2α phosphorylation, mostly caused by the activation of the ER kinase PERK (EIF2AK3). Despite high p-eIF2α levels, DCs display active protein synthesis and no signs of a chronic integrated stress response. This biochemical specificity prevents translation arrest and expression of the transcription factor ATF4 during ER-stress induction by the subtilase cytotoxin (SubAB). PERK inactivation, increases globally protein synthesis levels and regulates IFN-β expression, while impairing LPS-stimulated DC migration. Although the loss of PERK activity does not impact DC development, the cross talk existing between actin cytoskeleton dynamics; PERK and eIF2α phosphorylation is likely important to adapt DC homeostasis to the variations imposed by the immune contexts.
重载铁路小半径曲线线桥偏心整治方法研究
Authors: 杜 功
Published: December 2020

目前，许多已经投入运营的重载铁路小半径曲线桥梁由于年运量大、运行速度与超高不匹配，造成线桥偏心值超限，对线桥结构受力、桥梁与支座使用寿命产生不利影响，严重时会危及行车安全。在尽量不影响运输行车组织和列车安全的前提下，对重载铁路小半径曲线桥进行偏心值超限病害整治，实施难度较大。论文以中国朔黄铁路恢河特大桥线桥偏心整治为工程背景，通过线桥偏心概念和原因分析、线桥偏心病害整治方案设计、实施过程、整治结果以及对整治前后各种监测数据对比。结果表明线桥偏心会对脱轨系数、梁跨中横向振幅等参数产生不利影响。拨道后轮重减载率略有降低，但脱轨系数变化更加明显，拨道后脱轨系数从0.92降低到0.78；拨道后第1孔梁体跨中横向振幅与拨道前相比均呈减小趋势，经过两次拨道，跨中横向振幅由拨道前1.15 mm分别降至为0.78 mm、1.01 mm，降幅达到32%和12%。
国际水利水电项目环境与社会影响评价制度差异研究
Authors: 孙 瑞
Published: December 2020

论文对不同国家水利水电工程环境与社会影响评价法律法规、审批程序及相关要求进行梳理，并与中国环评制度进行分析比较，提出了研究国际项目环评制度的重要意义。研究国际项目环评制度不仅对中国境外投资项目的环评工作具有重要的借鉴意义，还可为完善中国的环评制度提供参考。
重载列车从控机车再生制动力异常分析
Authors: 王 成
Published: December 2020

随着中国经济的快速发展，国家越来越重视重载列车从控机车的再生制动力异常情况。为了进一步提升机车的运行高效性，需要根据实际情况了解车载运行的数据内容，对列车的冲动以及再生制动力卸载情况进行综合分析，查找容易导致再生制动力异常波动的影响性因数，适当地调整控制参数内容，依据当前实际情况做好现场实验验证，快速解决机车再生制动力异常的情况，为后续的重载列车控制提供机会。因此，论文主要针对重载列车从控机车再生制动力异常进行简要分析，并提出合理化建议
处于超高层建筑设计中容易出现的问题与对策
Authors: 李 佩 , 刘 博慧 , 姜 胜杰
Published: December 2020

巨大体积、复杂结构、容纳较多人数、大量资源投入等是超高层建筑具备的显著特征，因而在建筑设计过程往往会有这样或那样的问题产生，一旦不能解决超高层建筑设计过程存在的各种问题，必然会给超高层建筑埋下隐患，导致建设质量与标准要求不符的同时，影响后续建筑物的正常使用，严重情况下威胁使用者的生命安全并造成重大经济损失。基于此，论文针对超高层建筑设计中容易出现的问题及对策进行探讨。
负压闪蒸脱硫系统在海上采油平台成功应用
Authors: 胡 卫勇
Published: December 2020

论文简单介绍了负压闪蒸脱硫工艺，阐述真空压缩机、脱硫塔及分离器、增压泵、PLC控制系统等设备组成，为含硫原油海洋平台如何减少硫化氢含量提供借鉴经验。
苯乙烯装置正常生产过程中的关键控制点及如何预防聚合
Authors: 刘 维国
Published: December 2020

苯乙烯装置在正常生产过程中如何保证催化剂使用寿命？如何保证反应系统及精馏系统不产生聚合物？如何保证大机组的稳定运行？论文针对上述问题进行探讨。
Rancang Bangun Modul Kontrol Alat Terapi Batu Ginjal (ESWL) Dengan Mikrokontroler AT-Mega16 Berdasarkan Sistem Pernapasan Manusia
Authors: Wahyudi Bayu , Cipta Kusuma Adi , Nuha ABA Muhammad Ulin
Published: December 2020

Extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL) is the most cost effective treatment option in cases of kidney stones. ESWL uses an energy source called lithotriptor to produce a shock wave that is high in electromagnetic energy in pulses to break down rocks into fine grains of sand and come out naturally with urine. In this study the authors modified the control of the ESWL unit by adding an automatic wave shooting system based on respiration from therapeutic patients using the MPXV7002DP sensor and the ATmega16 microcontroller and applying the 16x2 LCD as a display.

The maximum reading capability of this module is 9000 times the active relay, which means that ESWL can shoot as many as 9000 times automatically according to human breathing. This automatic kidney stone therapy module can shoot as many as 3 waves in one breath. Has created a number of inspiration counters and the number of wave shots that ESWL has fired into kidney stone therapy patients.
CONSTITUCIONALISMO E TRIBUTAÇÃO
Authors: Sacco Ricardo Ferreira
Published: December 2020

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar da principal causa que levou ao descontentamento e quebra da ordem legal na América Inglesa nos fins do século XVIII: o aumento abusivo da carga tributária. Busca-se promover um estudo das circunstâncias que levaram à Revolução Americana de 1775 e ao nascimento do constitucionalismo moderno. Utilizou-se a revisão bibliográfica como fonte de pesquisa indireta, assim como textos históricos traduzidos pelo autor como fontes diretas. O objetivo principal dos colonos americanos foi rejeitar a interferência abusiva sob a forma de tributação, culminando o processo no nascimento do constitucionalismo moderno, também chamado de constitucionalismo escrito.
UMA ANÁLISE TEÓRICA DAS MEDIDAS SANITÁRIAS DE ENFRENTAMENTO DA PANDEMIA DO COVID-19 NO BRASIL: QUEM DECIDE, COMO DECIDE E POR QUÊ?
Authors: Oliveira Natan Figueredo , Lopes Filho Juraci Mourão
Published: December 2020

Este artigo busca analisar juridicamente o embate existente entre os entes federados acerca das medidas sanitárias de enfrentamento da pandemia do COVID-19 no Brasil. Após uma exposição inicial do contexto da pandemia no país, examinam-se os fundamentos da repartição de competências constitucionais a partir do conceito de normas secundárias do sistema jurídico, com base em pesquisa bibliográfica. Aborda-se o modelo constitucional do federalismo cooperativo e a atuação estatal no suporte fático do direito à saúde como solução. Examinam-se decisões do Supremo Tribunal Federal sobre a competência para fixar medidas sanitárias que confirmam a solução proposta para o conflito federativo.
CONTROLE DE CONSTITUCIONALIDADE, NEOCONSTITUCIONALISMO E RELATIVISMO DAS DECISÕES JUDICIAIS
Authors: Bruch Tiago Bruno
Published: December 2020

O artigo analisa a relação do controle judicial de constitucionalidade com o relativismo das decisões judiciais no Brasil. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, realizada por meio de método dedutivo, com a técnica de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. O texto inicia com descrição dos modelos de controle de constitucionalidade, passando, após, a analisar o neoconstitucionalismo e sua conexão com o relativismo das decisões judiciais. Na sequência apresenta-se o modelo de garantismo jurídico como um contraponto a essa conjuntura, a partir de uma crítica à ampliação e abertura dos métodos interpretativos, rejeitando a fundamentação baseada nas convicções pessoais dos magistrados.