bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Deletion of GIT1 Impacts eNOS Activity To Aggravate sFlt-1–Induced Preeclampsia Phenotype in Mice
Authors: Zhang Shenghong , Zou Cuili , Zhang Qiaoqin
Published: October 2018

Preeclampsia, a serious multisystem disorder specific to human pregnancy, remains a considerable burden of disease worldwide. Reduced nitric oxide bioavailability is proved to be crucial in the maternal and fetal pathophysiology of preeclampsia. G-protein-coupled Receptor Kinase Interactor-1 (GIT1) is a novel endothelial nitric oxide synthases (eNOS) interactor mediator. The aim of this paper is to investigate the effect of GIT1 on preeclampsia. Blood pressure (BP) was measured using a carotid catheter-calibrated eight-chamber tail-cuff system (CODA) at the same time daily. Urinary albumin excretion (UAE) was determined using Albuwell-M kits (Exocell Inc) and creatinine clearance (CCr) was determined by measuring urinary creatinine concentration with tandem liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. The release of nitrite was analyzed to detect nitric oxide (NO) production using a Sievers Chemiluminescence NO Analyzer. NOS activity was examined by measuring the conversion of 3H-labeled l-arginine to 3H-labeled l-citrulline. BP was significantly increased in GIT1−/− mice with or without sFIT-1 treatment. In addition, GIT1−/− mice possessed higher UAE and lower CCr. Depletion of GIT1 impedes the NO production and placenta eNOS activity. Additional GIT1 attenuates sFlt-1-induced preeclampsia phenotypes. Our findings suggest that GIT1 significantly extenuates the sFlt-1-induced preeclampsia phenotypes by inhibiting eNOS activity, indicating a crucial role of GIT1 in the progression of preeclampsia.
Educación Religiosa en Costa Rica: confesionalidad, neutralidad, interculturalidad
Authors: Méndez Méndez José Mario
Published: October 2018

El autor propone aquí un modelo de educación religiosa que recoge el pronunciamiento de la Sala de lo Constitucional, así como los desafíos del contexto cada vez más mutirreligioso de Costa Rica. Se trata de una propuesta que va más allá de lo ecuménico y de lo interrreligioso y, que tiene como finalidad, generar procesos educativos inclusivos, orientados a educar desde la convivencia en la diversidad y capaces de hacer de la diversidad de creencias, espiritualidades y convicciones, una ocasión para aprender.
La construcción de una propia matriz civilizatoria como ruta en la búsqueda del buen vivir
Authors: Calderón Vélez Milton
Published: October 2018

El autor propone aquí un modelo de educación religiosa que recoge el pronunciamiento de la Sala de lo Constitucional, así como los desafíos del contexto cada vez más mutirreligioso de Costa Rica. Se trata de una propuesta que va más allá de lo ecuménico y de lo interrreligioso y, que tiene como finalidad, generar procesos educativos inclusivos, orientados a educar desde la convivencia en la diversidad y capaces de hacer de la diversidad de creencias, espiritualidades y convicciones, una ocasión para aprender.
Sociedades en cambio. Retos a las religiones y a las teologías
Authors: Amando Robles José
Published: October 2018

Seminario Internacional: América Latina: Sociedades en cambio. Retos a las religiones y a las teologías. Universidad Nacional 5, 6, 7 de agosto de 2014
Las fluctuaciones en la matriz religiosa colombiana y sus repercusiones en el campo Político
Authors: Rojas Ospina David Esteban
Published: October 2018

Parece innegable que en los tiempos actuales la matriz religiosa nacional ha mutado: la confesionalidad de los agentes adeptos a una religión se debate entre la aparente indiferencia religiosa (ateísmo, agnosticismo y de manera más atenuada el laicismo), el estrechamiento con los vínculos católicos tradicionales y la búsqueda de nuevos cultos de la más diversa índole. Tan neurálgico asunto requiere del atento análisis del científico social, puesto que los cambios producidos en la configuración religiosa pueden traer consecuencias inesperadas cuyo impacto no puede ser pormenorizado. La presente investigación, pretende determinar si las transformaciones en el campo religioso nacional han tenido impacto o no sobre el ejercicio político deliberativo individual, y en la participación política formal.
¿Hacia la desacralización del útero? Abandono de prácticas religiosas y aceptación del aborto entre mujeres costarricenses
Authors: Fuentes Belgrave Laura
Published: October 2018

Dentro del catolicismo, el útero de la mujer encarna un lugar sagrado, un altar donde la vida de la gestante es sacrificable en razón del óvulo fecundado que pueda albergar. Esta concepción despoja a las mujeres de autonomía reproductiva mientras se personifica al embrión. Sin embargo, esta posición doctrinaria no es compartida por toda la población católica costarricense, compuesta mayoritariamente por mujeres, cuya disconformidad con la norma religiosa, encuentra una explicación en la renuncia a las prácticas del precepto católico, mas no a su afiliación ni a sus creencias. Las mentes y cuerpos de las creyentes se movilizan, reelaborando identidades que buscan emanciparse del poder simbólico católico, según la investigación de enfoque mixto realizada desde la Escuela Ecuménica de Ciencias de la Religión de la Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica, entre 2013 y 2014.
Hacia una cultura de paz. Un aporte al debate
Authors: Delgado-Rojas Jaime
Published: October 2018

En este ensayo, la Cantata de Santa María de Iquique sirve como marco a la reflexión sobre la paz y la alteri­dad. Plantea que el derecho a la paz es parte integrante de la ética jurídica y política que implica a los “otros” hacia quienes supone, no simplemente tole­rancia, sino respeto a las diferencias y convivialidad. El abanico de relaciones con el otro se constituye en enjambre de posibilidades éticas, estimulante y provocador, que nos ubica en el plano de la cultura de paz y en el compromi­so de impulsar una educación para la paz y una democracia sustancial.
Nature Faith and Native Faith as Integrative Spiritualities in Hungarian Ecovillages
Authors: Farkas Judit
Published: October 2018

A basic assumption in contemporary research on religion is that religion is not an abstract system with 'neat' compartments, but a system that changes and adapts as human beings encounter, understand, interpret, and practice it. Within this basic understanding, religion scholar Marion Bowman has proposed the term 'integrative spirituality' to refer specifically to lifestyle choices that combine an eclectic mix of spiritual ideas and practices to produce highly personalized forms of religiosity. I argue that we can understand the spiritual life of Hungarian ecovillages through this lens. Ecovillages are 'intentional' communities, that is, village communities created with conscious efforts. Their inhabitants' objective is to create settlements that
Factorial structure of the Beck Depression Inventory for depression in university students
Authors: Campo-Arias Adalberto , Suárez-Colorado Yuly , Caballero-Domínguez Carmen Cecilia
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT Objective To explore the dimensionality of the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) among Colombian college students. Methods A validation study was designed, involving the participation of a sample of 786 health science students (medicine, nursing, and psychology) aged between 18 and 27 (M=20.0, SD = 1.9). The participants completed the 21-item BDI. Internal consistency was calculated (Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's omega) and dimensionality was demonstrated using factorial confirmatory analysis (CFA). Results The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) measure of sampling adequacy was high (0.898) and the Bartlett's sphericity test gave excellent results (chi-square = 3,102.60; df = 210; p < 0.001). One-, two- and three-dimensional models were used. The unidimensional model performed best, representing 24.8% of the total variance, high internal consistency, a Cronbach's alpha of 0.83 and a McDonald's omega of 0.84. However, the CFA did not fit adequately (chi-square = 583.79; df = 189; p < 0.001, RMSEA = 0.052, CI 90% 0.047-0.056, CFI = 0.87, TLI = 0.85 and SMSR = 0.04). Conclusions The best factor solution for the BDI is given by the unidimensional model, which presents high internal consistency. However, its adjustment in the CFA is not acceptable.
Validação da Escala de Bem-Estar Espiritual para pacientes hospitalizados no período pré-operatório
Authors: Gomes Eduardo Tavares , Bezerra Simone Maria Muniz da Silva
Published: October 2018

RESUMO Objetivo Validar o uso da Escala de Bem-Estar Espiritual para pacientes em internamento no pré-operatório. Métodos Estudo de validação da versão brasileira da Escala de Bem-Estar Espiritual para aplicação em pacientes em internamento no período pré-operatório, realizado entre os meses de janeiro e abril de 2017, nas enfermarias de um hospital universitário especializado em cardiologia clínica e cirúrgica. Realizou-se análise fatorial exploratória por rotação ortogonal do tipo Varimax. Foram avaliadas a fidedignidade e a consistência interna e as correlações entre os itens e o total. Resultados A amostra com 174 participantes continha a razão de 8,7 pessoas por item (variável), considerada adequada ao propósito da análise fatorial (KMO = 0,87), e o Teste de Esferacidade de Bartlett's foi significativo (χ2 = 1401,67; p < 0,01). Os dois fatores rotacionados ficaram constituídos como a proposta inicial, com os itens ímpares representando a subescala de Bem-Estar Religioso (α = 0,84) e os pares representando a subescala de Bem-Estar Existencial (α = 0,71), com correlação entre os dois fatores de r = 0,47. A análise das cargas fatoriais para a subescala de Bem-Estar Religioso apresentou distribuição próxima à da validação inicial, com todos os itens com carga fatorial > 0,3. Na avaliação dos itens da subescala de Bem-Estar Existencial, três itens alcançaram escores menores que 0,3 de carga fatorial. Conclusão A Escala de Bem-Estar Espiritual mostrou-se útil para avaliar o construto a que se propõe quando aplicada a pacientes internados no período pré-operatório.
Effects of shading on leaf physiology and morphology in the ‘Yinhong’ grape plants
Authors: Wu Yueyan , Qiu Tian , Shen ZiLi , Wu Yanyan , Lu Dan , He Jingwen
Published: October 2018

Abstract Shading is a practical measure to reduce the heat stress to grape trees in the summer. However, inappropriate shading will cause the reduction in leaf photosynthesis and consequently the retardation of growth for the plants or the loss of fruit yield and quality for the mature grape trees. In this study we have used 1-year-old ‘YinHong’ grape plants growing under different levels of shading, ranging from full sunlight 0% to 80% reduction, to investigate their growth, physiological and biochemical responses. The results show that shading rate =45% did not significantly affect grape growth. Shading over 45% reduction of the full sunlight, the growth of the grape plants were started to be inhibited. In addition, soluble protein content, the activities of catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci), transpiration rate (Tr), PSII photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm), PSII potential activity1(Fv/Fo) and photochemical quenching (qP) were decreased, whereas free proline, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, the non-photochemical quenching coefficient (qN) and the ratio of the palisade/spongy tissue were gradually increased. In particular, significant changes in plant growth, photosynthetic and the other physiological and biochemical characteristics were observed under a strong shading.
Bending strength and reliability of porcelains used in all-ceramic dental restorations
Authors: Almeida Junior A. A. de , Adabo G. L. , Galvão B. R. , Longhini D. , Simba B. G. , Santos C. dos
Published: October 2018

Abstract Four dental porcelains for covering zirconia were sintered (fired) at 910-960 °C and characterized, focusing in analyzing reliability, physical and mechanical properties. Samples with relative density close to 99% presented leucite crystallization apart from residual amorphous phase. Hardness between 491±23 and 575±32 HV was different among all ceramics. Fracture toughness between 1.13±0.11 and 1.42±0.25 MPa.m1/2 was statistically different. Bending strength results were not different for three porcelain groups (73±9 to 75±12 MPa), with the exception of one specific group (62±4 MPa). Weibull analysis indicated bending strength between 73 and 75 MPa, Weibull modulus (m) between 5.7 and 7.1, while the ceramic with strength of 60 MPa presented m=13.6. The use of classical theory of fracture mechanics associated to the results of properties obtained in this work indicated the critical failure size in these ceramics lays between 65 and 90 μm and the theoretical fracture energy of porcelains is approximately from 10.5 to 16.3 J/m. It was concluded that the porcelains had different behavior, and it seems that there is no clear relationship among the studied properties.
Influence of the purification of bentonite clay from new deposits in the state of Paraíba-Brazil for use in water-based drilling fluids
Authors: Pereira I. D. S. , Silva V. C. , Duarte Neto J. F. , Neves G. A. , Ferreira H. C. , Menezes R. R.
Published: October 2018

Abstract Bentonite clay is used all around the world as an additive in drilling fluids. However, impurities present in this material can compromise the compatibility of the clay-fluid system. The present study aimed to analyze the effects of the purification of bentonite samples from new deposits in the state of Paraíba, Brazil, in order to make them usable in water-based drilling fluids. The samples were first purified by centrifugation, and their characteristics were determined using the following techniques: laser granulometry, X-ray diffraction, chemical analysis, cation exchange capacity, thermogravimetric analysis, and differential thermal analysis. After these determinations, the polycationic clay samples were made sodic through the addition of sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) in the proportion of 125 meq/100 g of dry clay. The rheological and filtration properties (apparent viscosity, plastic viscosity, and filtrate volume) were then tested. The results showed that the purification process was efficient for removing accessory minerals such as quartz, iron, and carbonates. With regard to rheological and filtration properties, the results following centrifugation showed that the material can be suitable for use in water-based drilling fluids.
Influência das condições de cura na reologia dos novos depósitos de argilas bentoníticas da Paraíba
Authors: Morais I. C. G. , Silva I. A. , Buriti B. M. A. B. , Menezes R. R. , Neves G. A. , Ferreira H. C.
Published: October 2018

Resumo Novos depósitos de argilas esmectíticas foram descobertos no estado da Paraíba, Brasil, melhorando a questão da escassez das argilas de melhor qualidade. Estudos mostram que o teor de umidade, tempo de cura e capacidade de troca de cátions de bentonitas aditivadas com carbonato de sódio influenciam diretamente na reologia de dispersões em meio aquoso. Sendo assim, este trabalho objetivou analisar a influência da variação de umidade e tempo de cura nas trocas catiônicas de argilas bentoníticas para fluidos de perfuração aquosos. As argilas foram beneficiadas por hidrociclonagem e caracterizadas física, química e mineralogicamente. Em seguida, foram aditivadas com carbonato de sódio variando o teor de umidade e o tempo de cura. A capacidade de troca de cátions foi determinada antes e após o processo de aditivação. As propriedades reológicas e de filtração foram determinadas por meio de viscosidades aparente e plástica e o volume de filtrado. Os resultados permitiram concluir que o tempo de cura e teor de umidade tem influência na capacidade de troca catiônica e nas propriedades reológicas e de filtração. Após 15 dias de cura das argilas, houve decréscimo das capacidades de troca de cátions e das propriedades reológicas e de filtração.
Preparação e caracterização de scaffolds de β-fosfato tricálcico pelo método de freeze casting
Authors: Paula C. G. de , Trichês E. S.
Published: October 2018

Resumo Scaffolds são substratos tridimensionais que permitem a diferenciação, proliferação e crescimento celular. A fim de se atingir propriedades como biocompatibilidade, adequada porosidade e interconectividade, ideais taxas de degradação e propriedades mecânicas, este estudo teve como objetivo a produção de scaffolds de β-fosfato tricálcico (β-TCP) pelo método de freeze casting. Por meio da variação do teor de sólidos da suspensão cerâmica foi possível avaliar sua influência na microestrutura e propriedades físicas e mecânicas dos scaffolds de β-TCP. A porosidade variou entre 85 e 55% para teores de sólidos de 10 e 30 vol%, respectivamente. A morfologia dos poros foi caracterizada por um padrão lamelar, semelhante ao formato dos cristais de gelo. O aumento do teor de sólidos na suspensão cerâmica resultou na redução do número de poros lamelares. Os valores de resistência mecânica à compressão variaram entre 0,10 e 0,71 MPa. Os scaffolds com maior valor de resistência à compressão foram submetidos ao ensaio de degradação, cujos resultados revelaram que a perda de massa dos scaffolds aumentou com tempo de imersão. O maior valor de perda de massa foi de 2,89±0,64% para período de 28 dias. Os scaffolds de β-TCP apresentam grande potencial para uso na engenharia tecidual.
Efeito da reação de calcinação nas análises energética e exergética de um forno rotativo empregado na produção de clínquer
Authors: Anacleto T. F. , Turetta L. F. , Costa Jr. E. F. da , Costa A. O. S. da
Published: October 2018

Resumo A produção do cimento exige um grande consumo energético. A principal etapa desse processo é a clinquerização, onde ocorre a produção do clínquer, que é realizada em forno rotativo. Estudos publicados em literatura especializada indicam que parte significativa da energia gasta no processo produtivo do cimento é utilizada nesta parte do sistema. Em vista disso, é relevante o estudo sobre a utilização da energia disponibilizada para a operação do forno rotativo. Diversos autores realizaram a modelagem matemática de fornos rotativos objetivando analisar as eficiências energética e exergética desse equipamento. Neste trabalho, partindo-se de um estudo anterior, foi proposta uma metodologia para o cálculo das eficiências energética e exergética de um forno empregado na produção do clínquer. Foram adicionadas as reações envolvidas na calcinação e clinquerização, o que tornou a descrição do processo mais realista. Essas alterações afetaram significativamente os valores das eficiências obtidas anteriormente.
Evaluation of Tanzania local ceramic raw materials for high voltage porcelain insulators production
Authors: Ngayakamo B. , Park S. E.
Published: October 2018

Abstract This study evaluated the potential of locally sourced-ceramic raw materials in Tanzania, Pugu kaolin, Same clay, vermiculite and feldspar, for production of high voltage porcelain insulators. The chemical, mineral phases and microstructural characterization of raw materials and porcelain samples were carried out using the X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy techniques, respectively. The mineral phases of the fired porcelain sample identified were mullite and quartz. The porcelain bodies were fabricated using the dry pressing method by varying the composition of the selected ceramic raw materials. The physical-mechanical properties and dielectric strength were measured for each porcelain sample. The sample with the composition of 20% Pugu kaolin, 20% Same clay, 20% vermiculite and 40% feldspar was found to have the dielectric strength of 50.8 kV.mm-1, bending strength of 20 MPa and water absorption of 0.46%, which satisfies the main requisite properties for high voltage porcelain insulators.
Assessment of a system for the prediction of water permeability coefficient in pervious concretes
Authors: Ribeiro A. , Santos V. dos , Pagnussat D. T. , Brandalise R. N.
Published: October 2018

Abstract Proposing a system which makes it possible to determine the water permeability coefficient in pervious concretes in a practical way, without the need of devices which require complex instrumentation, is one of the aims of this work. An experimental matrix was proposed for the evaluation of the measurement system of the coefficient of permeability into pervious concrete considering three different pervious concretes obtained from different aggregate granulometric sizes, under the condition of dry sample or water saturated. The pervious concretes were characterized by their void contents, mechanical properties and later compared with the properties of a reference, control concrete made up of coarse and fine aggregates. The different properties exhibited in this study were assessed aiming at validating the experimental matrix developed for pervious concretes to provide a basis for comparison with information available in the literature. As a noticeable result, it was evidenced that the permeability coefficient of 0.21 cm.s-1 obtained for concrete with aggregate dimensions of 2.4 to 9.5 mm. It is possible to measure the coefficient of permeability of pervious concrete with the system developed in this study; the obtained results agree with the description of ACI522-06 for pervious concretes.
Effect of doping and sintering in structure and magnetic properties of the diluted magnetic semiconductor ZnO:Ni
Authors: Morais A. , Torquato R. A. , Silva U. C. , Salvador C. , Chesman C.
Published: October 2018

Abstract This work aimed to study a sintered Ni-doped ZnO dilute magnetic semiconductor synthesized by means of a combustion reaction and to evaluate the effect of doping and sintering in the band gap and magnetic properties of the material. X-ray diffraction showed the formation of the ZnO semiconductor phase and also the formation of a second-phase characterized as a solid solution of nickel-zinc oxide. The hysteresis curves showed the success in creating ferromagnetism with doping and the effect of sintering in the remanent magnetization and coercive field values, yet both systems were able to maintain its ferromagnetic behavior. The UV-vis analysis indicated the value of the band gap continued as a semiconductor material, although it has been narrowed. Scanning electron microscopy was used in a complementary way to evaluate the morphology and its effects on magnetic properties.
Yeasts and filamentous fungi in psittacidae and birds of prey droppings in midwest region of Brazil: a potential hazard to human health
Authors: Simi W. B. , Leite-Jr D. P. , Paula C. R. , Hoffmann-Santos H. D. , Takahara D. T. , Hahn R. C.
Published: October 2018

Abstract Birds of prey and from Psittacidae family are host to fungal microbiota and play an important role in the epidemiology of zoonoses. Few studies in the literature have characterized mycelial and yeast fungi in the droppings of these birds and correlated the isolates with the zoonotic potential of the microorganisms. Droppings from 149 birds were evaluated and divided into two groups: captive: Rhea americana araneipes, Primolius maracana, Ara ararauna, Ara chloropterus, Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus, Amazona aestiva, Ara macao macao, Ramphastos toco, Sarcoramphus papa, Busarellus nigricollis, Bubo virginianus nacurutu, Buteogallus coronatus, Buteogallus urubitinga urubitinga, Spizaetus melanoleucus, Spizaetus ornatus ornatus, Buteo albonotatus, Geranoaetus albicaudatus albicaudatus, Rupornis magnirostris magnirostris and Harpia harpyja, and quarantined birds: Amazona aestiva and Eupsitulla aurea. The fungal isolates were identified according to macroscopic (gross colony appearance), micromorphological and biochemical characteristics. Among birds displayed in enclosures, Aspergillus niger (41.1%) and Candida kefyr (63.8%) were the fungi most frequently isolated in Harpia harpyja and Ramphastos toco, respectively. For quarantined birds, the following percentages were observed in Eupsittula aurea , (76.6%) C. krusei, (84.4%) C. kefyr and (15.2%) C. famata, while in Amazona aestiva, (76.2%) C. krusei was observed. These findings indicate potentially pathogenic species in the bird droppings assessed, which constitute a risk of exposure for keepers and individuals who visit the zoo. Birds of the Cerrado and Pantanal of Mato Grosso (Central Western region of Brazil) could act in the epidemiological chain of important zoonoses.
Pulmonar ARFI elastography and ultrasonography of canine fetal hydrops: case report
Authors: Maronezi M.C. , Madruga G.M. , Uscategui R.A.R. , Simões A.P.R. , Silva P. , Rodrigues M.G.K. , Cintra C.A. , Assis A.R. , Vicente W.R.R. , Feliciano M.A.R.
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT This case report describes diagnostic and prognostic applicability of pulmonary acoustic radiation force impulse elastography and ultrasonography in canine hydrops fetalis. We also explore these methods’ potential in prediction of postnatal respiratory dysfunction. Two pregnant bitches (English bulldog [case 1] and French bulldog [case 2]) were referred for sonographic evaluation in their last week of pregnancy. Ultrasound showed that in each bitch, one fetus presented with lung alterations (hyperechogenicity, irregular surface, and pleural effusion) and anasarca. The other fetuses of the litter were normal, and they were observed as light gray and dark blue on pulmonary elastography. Their shear-wave velocity was 0.75m/s. Fetuses with hydrops were observed as medium gray and dark blue, and the average shear-wave velocities were 1.05m/s (case 1) and 1.12m/s (case 2). Findings were compatible with increased lung rigidity. Six neonates of English bulldog and two of French bulldog showed no signs of clinical abnormalities during neonatal assessment. One puppy in each gestation presented with anasarca and respiratory distress, and died approximately 24 hours after birth. Novel ultrasound techniques (elastography) for assessing pulmonary tissues in abnormal fetuses in veterinary obstetrics can promote early, safe, and non-invasive diagnosis of canine prenatal and neonatal alterations.
Barium sulphate aspiration pneumonia in a cat with megaesophagus and dextroposition of the aortic arch: case report
Authors: Barrera-Zarate J.A. , Paiva B.A. , Ferreira D.P. , Alves F.S. , Sato J.P.H. , Guedes R.M.C.
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT A six-month-old female cat suffered aspiration of an abundant amount of barium sulfate during a radiographic procedure for the diagnosis of megaesophagus. Latero-lateral contrast radiography revealed severe dilation of the thoracic esophagus cranial to the base of the heart. Persistence of the right aortic arch was suspected and later confirmed during corrective surgery. Accumulation of barium sulfate, used as a contrast agent, was clearly observed in the lumen of the bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoli in the radiographic image. Days after the surgery, the animal developed severe respiratory distress, which resulted in death. Cytology results and histology analysis using polarized light demonstrated that the lumen of bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoli exhibited evident histiocytic infiltration with cytoplasm filled by abundant amorphous refractive granular material consistent with barium sulfate. In this report, we describe the anatomical, cytological, histopathological (using polarized light), and x-ray findings of a case of barium sulfate aspiration pneumonia in a cat resulting from the use of this contrast medium for the diagnosis of megaesophagus secondary to persistent right aortic arch.
Levels of neutral detergent fiber in diets with forage palm for dairy goats
Authors: Sousa N.M. , Oliveira J.S. , Silva D.S. , Santos E.M. , Medeiros A.N. , Ramos J.P.F. , Brito E.A.
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the amount of fiber in the diet that is able to promote better use of nutrients in the diet of dairy goats when forage palm is the main source of roughage. Fifteen Alpine dairy goats were distributed in a 5 × 5 triple Latin square containing five treatments and five periods, and each treatment contained. We tested five diets composed of different contents of neutral detergent fiber from Tifton hay (NDFf) in the dry matter of rations containing forage palm: D1: 11.98%; D2: 18.31%; D3: 23.68%; D4: 28.76% and D5: 32.12% NDFf. The intake of dry matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, non-fiber carbohydrates and ether extract decreased linearly with the increase in NDFf content. There was a linear increase of milk production and milk protein with increasing dietary NDFf. The fat, dry extract, protein, pH and acidity of the evaluated milk were not affected by increasing the levels of NDFf in the diet. In situations where dairy goats are fed forage palm and other types of forage are limited, 11.98% NDF from forage other than palm can be used as an effective source of NDF.
Freezing goat embryos at different developmental stages and quality using ethylene glycol and a slow cooling rate
Authors: Fonseca J.F. , Batista R.I.T.P. , Souza-Fabjan J.M.G. , Oliveira M.E.F. , Brandão F.Z. , Viana J.H.M.
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT The efficiency of an alternative freezing protocol for goat embryos of different morphology and quality was tested. Fifty-eight embryos on Day 6-7 stage were transferred as fresh or after freeze-thawing (n=29/group). For freezing, embryos were placed into 1.5M ethylene-glycol solution for 10min. During this time, they were loaded in the central part of 0.25mL straw, separated by air bubble from columns containing PBS/BSA 0.4% plus 20% BFS. Straws were then frozen using a freezing machine from 20ºC to -6ºC at a cooling rate of 3ºC/min, stabilization for 15min (seeding after 5min), from -6 C to -32ºC at 0.6 C/min,and plunged into liquid nitrogen. Frozen embryos were thawed for 30s at 37ºC in a water bath. Embryos subjected to fresh transfer were maintained in holding medium (37ºC). Fresh and frozen-thawed embryos were transferred at day 7 post-estrus to 30 recipients. Kidding and kid born rates were similar (P> 0.05), respectively, for recipients receiving fresh (66.7% or 10/15; 55.2% or 16/29) or frozen-thawed (60% or 9/15; 51.7% or 15/29) embryos. The cryopreservation of goat embryos using slow-freezing protocol and 1.5MEG resulted in similar efficiency rates of fresh embryos.
Impacto de diferentes soluções eletrolíticas orais sobre a glicemia e os equilíbrios hídrico, eletrolítico e ácido-base de bezerros neonatos sadios
Authors: Bregadioli G.C. , Pinto F.C. , Curti J.M. , Camilo S.L.O. , Flaiban K.K.M.C. , Lisbôa J.A.N.
Published: October 2018

RESUMO Este trabalho objetivou estudar os efeitos de quatro soluções eletrolíticas orais (SEO) comerciais, de uma SEO não comercial (SEO UEL) e da solução de ringer com lactato (SRL), sobre a glicemia e os equilíbrios hídrico, eletrolítico e ácido-base de bezerros neonatos sadios. Utilizaram-se seis bezerros, os quais receberam todas as seis SEO, uma por vez, e cada tratamento foi realizado no período de um dia. Amostras de sangue venoso foram coletadas, em diferentes momentos do dia de tratamento, para a determinação da proteína plasmática total, glicemia e hemogasometria. Valores de SID3 e variação do volume plasmático foram calculados. A análise de variância de medidas repetidas foi empregada para comparação entre os momentos e as soluções. As SEO não provocaram alterações de magnitude alta ou prolongadas nos equilíbrios hídrico, eletrolítico e ácido-base dos bezerros. Pode-se concluir que todas as SEO, à exceção da SEO A, originaram expansão da volemia. As SEO B e C originaram efeito alcalinizante, enquanto a D afetou a glicemia, e a SRL aumentou a cloremia. A SEO UEL não produziu nenhum efeito marcante além da expansão do volume plasmático.
Deformities in reared cobia, Rachycentron canadum L. and grouper, Epinephelus marginatus, in São Paulo state coast, Brazil: case report
Authors: Engrácia Filho J.R. , Shimada M.T. , Yunis-Aguinaga J. , Ramos-Espinoza F.C. , Moraes F.R. , Moraes J.R.E.
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT Skeletal deformities are frequent problems in cultured fish populations due mainly to unfavorable abiotic conditions, inappropriate nutrition, and genetic factors. These may cause erratic swimming, decrease of conversion rate, growth, and market value. The aim of this case report was to present the occurrence of deformities in juvenile cobia and groupers from an offshore marine farm in Ilhabela, São Paulo, Brazil. Nine cobias and seven juvenile groupers, that presented deformities, were euthanized and fixed in 10% formaldehyde. They were tagged, processed, and stained with "Alcian Blue" (AB) and "Alizarin Red-S" (ARS) for visualization of cartilage and bone tissue, respectively. After evisceration, radiographic examination was performed. The deformities observed in cobia were atrophy of the operculum, disorganization of the gill lamellae, deformity of the lower jaw, kyphosis, and scoliosis. Groupers presented lower jaw deformity and saddleback syndrome. The farm studied in this case report had poor management standards, fed commercial feed for freshwater herbivorous fish and cooked sardines, high inbreeding and absence of adequately trained professionals to manage these species. The sum of these factors must have directly influenced the appearance of these deformities. It is necessary to control this situation to minimize the incidence of malformations that have economic impacts to farmers.
Magnetic resonance imaging and pathological features of a mixed glioma in a dog: case report
Authors: Granato T.M. , Mesquita L.P. , Costa R.C. , Andrade Neto J.P. , Maiorka P.C.
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT The aim of this report was to describe the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and pathological features of a canine mixed glioma. A 12-year-old boxer male dog was presented for necropsy along with data from an MRI evaluation conducted ante-mortem. The images were examined and showed a poorly demarcated prosencephalic lesion, hyperintense on T2W images, hypointense on T1W images and heterogeneously hyperintense on T2W FLAIR images. There was mild nonuniform contrast enhancement, apparent midline shift, moderate perilesional edema and marked distortion of the adjacent lateral ventricle. The brain was evaluated macroscopically, microscopically and immunohistochemically. Grossly, there was a poorly demarcated soft mass, with areas of hemorrhage, within the left parietal and temporal lobes. Histologically, there was a densely cellular mass composed of two geographically distinct populations of neoplastic cells. The first population was composed of small and round cells organized in a honeycomb pattern. The second population constituted of intermingled streams and bundles of neoplastic cells that were strongly immunolabeled for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). The diagnosis of a mixed glioma was based on MRI findings, and mainly on histological and immunohistochemical findings.
Ocular manifestations of leishmaniasis in a cat: first case report from Brazil
Authors: Madruga G. , Ribeiro A.P. , Ruiz T. , Sousa V.R.F. , Campos C.G. , Almeida A.B.P.F. , Pescador C.A. , Dutra V.
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT An 8-year-old domestic short hair female cat initially presented with bilateral uveitis with pseudotumoral appearance. The patient tested negative for feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), feline leukemia virus (FeLV) and Toxoplasma gondii. Histopathology of a granulomatous lesion on the upper left conjunctiva revealed amastigotes compatible with Leishmania spp. Aqueous humor was aspired and the diagnosis was confirmed after isolation of promastigotes cultivated in biphasic NNN medium and by positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for Leishmania infantum. Treatment with allopurinol (10mg/kg/ BID/PO) was commenced and a natural insect repellent was prescribed. Six months of treatment with allopurinol associated with the initial topical medications helped to improve ocular signs. Leishmaniasis should be considered as a differential diagnosis in cats presenting uveitis with pseudotumoral appearance. To our knowledge, this is the first report of feline leishmaniasis with ocular manifestation in Brazil, in which diagnosis was confirmed by aqueous humor analysis.
Influência da profundidade do úbere na limpeza dos tetos e na saúde da glândula mamária em ordenha robótica
Authors: Córdova H.A. , Cardozo L.L. , Alessio D.R.M. , Thaler Neto A.
Published: October 2018

RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influência da profundidade do úbere sobre a limpeza de tetos e a saúde da glândula mamária. O experimento foi desenvolvido no período de março a junho de 2014, em Castro, PR. Foram utilizadas 20 vacas da raça Holandesa confinadas em free stall e ordenhadas em sistema de ordenha robotizada (SOR). As vacas foram divididas em quatro grupos com cinco animais cada (duas primíparas e três multíparas), com base na distância do piso do úbere em relação ao jarrete (úbere profundo, normal, pequeno e raso). Os dados, registrados eletronicamente, foram coletados mensalmente, por quatro meses, referentes à semana do controle leiteiro oficial. Para avaliar a efetividade da limpeza dos tetos, foram feitos swabs de dois tetos contralaterais (anterior direito e posterior esquerdo) antes e após a limpeza automática, bem como foram esfregadas toalhas umedecidas, uma vez, ao redor dos outros tetos. Uma amostra de leite foi coletada por vaca para determinar a contagem de células somáticas (CCS). Na análise multivariada, foi observada relação da profundidade do úbere com a limpeza de tetos avaliada por meio do escore de limpeza de tetos com toalhas umedecidas (ELTT). Os úberes levemente acima do jarrete (normal) apresentaram menor CCS e contagem bacteriana total (CBT) dos tetos. Os úberes rasos apresentaram maior diferença no ELTT. As vacas com úberes profundo e raso apresentaram menor efetividade na limpeza de tetos e na saúde da glândula mamária. Vacas com úbere normal apresentaram conformação e sanidade da glândula mamária e contaminação de tetos mais adequadas à ordenha robótica. Em fazendas que pretendem introduzir o SOR, é recomendado selecionar vacas com úbere com profundidade um pouco acima do jarrete. O impacto do SOR na CBT dos tetos está relacionado à condição de limpeza deles na pré-ordenha e das instalações. Portanto, a condição de ambiência das vacas é fundamental para a saúde da glândula mamária e a obtenção de um leite com alta qualidade.
Assessment of left atrial function in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease by biplane simpson’s method
Authors: Coelho M.R. , Muzzi R.A.L. , Abreu C.B. , Schulien T. , Muzzi L.A.L. , Oliveira L.E.D. , Cherem M.
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT The relationship between the diameter of the left atrium (LA) and aorta (Ao) is considered as a prognostic factor in chronic mitral valve disease. As the left atrium is a three-dimensional structure, methods based on measurement of the chamber volume can be more accurate than linear methods.The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of measuring LA volume with 2D echocardiography using the biplane modified Simpson (SIMP) method in 33 dogs with various classes of myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD), as well as to present values of LA function using the atrial diastolic and systolic volume indices (ADVI and ASVI), cardiac index (ACI) and atrial ejection fraction (AEF). We observed agreement among the LA/Ao ratio and the atrial volume indices (ADVI and ASVI) and the ACI, suggesting that the values of the variables increase as the LA/Ao ratio increases due to atrial remodeling that accompanies MMVD progression. The data demonstrated a good assessment of atrial function, allowing a better understanding of LA's role in the pathophysiology of MMVD.
Resposta inflamatória peritoneal de asininos (Equus asinus) submetidos à ovariectomia por laparotomia e laparoscopia
Authors: Barros I.O. , Fonseca N.B.S. , Nunes T.L. , Spagnolo J.D. , Santos J.P.A. , S. Neto A. , Oliveira M.G.C. , Nogueira A.F.S. , Sousa R.S. , Silva L.C.L.C. , Barrêto Júnior R.A.
Published: October 2018

RESUMO Objetivou-se avaliar resposta inflamatória e concentrações de proteínas em líquido peritonealde asininas submetidas à ovariectomia por laparotomia e laparoscopia. Foram utilizadas 18 fêmeas adultas, pesando em média 100kg, as quais foram divididas em dois grupos, de nove animais cada: o grupo I, em que foram ovariectomizadas por laparotomia, e o grupo II por laparoscopia. Após as cirurgias, em ambos os grupos foram avaliadas as seguintes variáveis no líquido peritoneal: pH, densidade, número de hemácias, leucócitos e proteínas de fase aguda (fibrinogênio, haptoglobina, albumina, antitripsina, alfa-1 glicoproteína ácida, ceruloplasmina, transferrina, imunoglobulinas A e G). Todas as variáveis foram analisadas antes das cirurgias, 12, 24, 48, 72 horas, oito e 16 dias após os procedimentos cirúrgicos. O número de hemácias e leucócitos aumentou 24 horas depois das cirurgias nos dois grupos. Haptoglobina, alfa-1 glicoproteína ácida,albumina, transferrina, gamaglobulinas A, G e proteínas totais aumentaram nos dois grupos. As concentrações de ceruloplasmina não variaram enquanto a antitripsina não foi detectada no líquido peritoneal de asininos.Foi identificada uma proteína com23.000kD, que não tem denominação nem descrição no líquido peritoneal de asininos.
Microbiological, chemical, physical, and proteolytic activities of raw milk after thermal processing
Authors: Milaneze H.S. , Silva L.S. , Kottwitz L.B.M. , Zambom M.A. , Fonseca L.M. , Guimarães A.T.B. , Pozza M.S.S.
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT The aim was to evaluate the microbiological, chemical- physical, and shelf-life quality of milk samples after pasteurization (HTST) for 10 days or ultra-high temperature (UHT) treatment for 120 days. Raw milk counts of mesophilic aerobic microorganisms, Staphylococcus spp. and thermotolerant coliforms before HTST and UHT processing were 6.73 and 7.77; 2.84 and 4.30, and 4.68 and 4.37log10, respectively. Pseudomonas spp. were found in raw milk samples. No presence of any other microorganisms studied was detected and no microbial inhibitor was found. Processed samples met microbiological legal requirements. However, aerobic mesophilic counts for HTST pasteurized milk samples stored for 5 and 10 days increased to values comparable to those in raw milk. Composition chemical- physical of all samples were within legal limits. These results demonstrate that, although HTST and UHT processed milk comply with the microbiological standards required by Brazilian law, high microbial counts in raw milk are an issue, possibly due to failures in the early stages of the production chain. Increase in casein macropeptide (CMP), probably because of proteases psychrotrophic bacteria. It is concluded that the quality of raw milk directly influences the progressive increase of the CMP values.
Use of aqueous extract of noni in extender for sheep semen freezing
Authors: Nascimento A.L.C. , Santos A.D.F. , Azevedo H.C. , Velarde J.M.D.S. , Lima C.A. , Pereira M.A. , Pinheiro G.O. , Gomes L.C.
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT The study aimed to evaluate the action of aqueous extract of noni in an extender for sheep semen freezing. Treatments differed in inclusion of aqueous extract of noni in the extender: T1 ˗ no addition; T2 ˗ 24µg/mL; T3 ˗ 72µg/mL; and T4 ˗ 120µg/mL. Ejaculates were collected, diluted in the four treatments, and frozen. After thawing, the semen was subjected to a thermoresistance test and evaluated for subjective motility, vigor, membrane integrity assessment by hypo-osmotic swelling test, live-dead assay, computer-assisted sperm analysis and the status of sperm capacitation and acrosome reaction. Data were subjected to ANOVA, and then to Student Newman Keuls’s test at 5% significance level. In the thermoresistance test after two hours of incubation, motility in T4 (120µg/mL) was lower than in the other treatments, with no differences in the HoS test in either diluted semen or in the semen evaluated immediately post-thawing, while for the other times, treatments showed similar responses. Regarding the motility parameters, a difference was observed for progressive motility, curvilinear velocity, average path velocity, and amplitude of lateral head displacement. As to the sperm capacitation status, a difference was observed between treatments for the sperm capacitated with intact acrosome.
Comportamento de cidadania organizacional: versão brasileira da escala Comportamentos de Cidadania Organizacional para Trabalhadores do Conhecimento
Authors: Andrade Taís de , Estivalete Vania de Fátima Barros , Costa Vivian Flores
Published: October 2018

Resumo Este estudo consiste na tradução, adaptação transcultural e validação da escala “Comportamentos de Cidadania Organizacional para Trabalhadores do Conhecimento”, desenvolvida por Dekas (2010) e Dekas, Bauer, Welle et al. (2013), para o português do Brasil. Para alcançar esse objetivo, utilizou-se o protocolo sugerido por Beaton, Bombardier, Guillemin et al. (2000), composto pelas etapas de tradução, síntese, retradução, comitê de avaliação, pré-teste de equivalência e submissão e avaliação. Além disso, por meio de um estudo piloto, aplicou-se a versão final do instrumento a uma amostra de 247 indivíduos. Os resultados indicam que a referida escala apresenta validade e índices de confiabilidade adequados, podendo ser utilizada em futuros estudos de Administração e de áreas afins, ampliando a produção de conhecimento científico acerca do tema.
EPIZOOTIOLOGY OF Perkinsus sp. INFESTING Crassostrea rhizophorae FROM THE SEMI-ARID REGION, BRAZIL
Authors: Silva Cláudio Giovanio da , Figueiredo Naibe Cristina de , Lima José Ticiano Arruda Ximenes de , Martins Inês Xavier
Published: October 2018

Abstract The coast of the semi-arid region of Brazil is known for the presence of large estuaries inhabited by numerous species of edible bivalve mollusks. The oyster C. rhizophorae is naturally found in estuarine environments along the Brazilian coast, fixed on substrates, mainly in the roots of mangroves. Protozoa of the genus Perkinsus are important parasites of marine bivalves, sometimes causing significant pathological damage throughout the world. This study reports the occurrence of parasites Perkinsus sp. in mangrove oysters from Porto de Mangue estuary (Rio Grande do Norte state) and Icapuí estuary (Ceará state), two estuaries of the semi-arid region of Brazil. In Porto do Mangue estuary, oysters were collected in December 2016, January and February 2017. In Icapuí estuary, oyster sampling occurred in September, October and November 2017. Two fragments of the gills were incubated in Ray's Fluid Thioglycollate Medium - RFTM. The ecological and parasitological parameters were calculated. Five of the ninety oysters collected in Porto do Mangue estuary were parasitized, which corresponded to a mean prevalence of 5.6%, and in Icapuí estuary 18 of the 120 oysters collected were parasitized, which corresponded to a mean prevalence of 15.0%. The intensity of infection by Perkinsus sp. ranged from very mild to mild.
Inserción labor adversa: otra cara del “demonio amorfo” de la trata de seres humanos
Authors: Hurtado Mónica , Pereira-Villa Catherine
Published: October 2018

Resumen Este artículo analiza la trata de personas, como una forma de inserción laboral de población migrante y no solo como un tema de crimen organizado o derechos humanos. A la luz de casos de trata transnacional en América Latina, Europa y África analizamos la trayectoria de las personas que resultaron en esta situación: la forma como entraron y salieron, el trato que recibieron y la agencia que ejercieron bajos estas condiciones. Encontramos que la trata se reproduce y crece no tanto por la sofisticación de las redes criminales, sino por la desigualdad socioeconómica y la agencia que ejercen las víctimas bajo estas condiciones. Concluimos que diferentes tipos de trata implican diferentes formas de inserción laboral, y en ese sentido, el Estado debe luchar contra este comercio ilícito no solo desde la justicia penal, sino desde la regulación del status migratorio y oportunidades de trabajo.