bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Greatness recognizes greatness: When only Experts make Accurate Expertise Judgments of Others
Authors: Becker Fritz , Buder Jürgen , Huff Markus
Published: December 2024

Knowing what someone else knows is important in shared environments. However, the knowledge of others is not immediately perceptible. Luckily, an agent’s behavior within a task leaves clues for an observer to estimate their expertise. A task expert will make the best decisions to reach their goal, while a novice will make decisions seemingly at random. An expert observer should be able to evaluate the decisions of an agent by comparing the agent’s decision to the ideal one. On the other hand, a novice observer does not know the ideal decision and, thus, cannot compare the agent’s decision to it.We test the hypothesis that with increasing expertise, people can more accurately assess the expertise of others. The results of the two studies we present are consistent with this hypothesis. The first experimental study showed the expected interaction of agent and judge expertise in a task with limited external validity. In the second study, the results of the first study were replicated in a more generally applicable task. We discuss possible moderators of this effect, such as conflicting expertise cues and additional metacognitive information communicated by the agent. Moreover, we outline the consequences of expertise imbalance for identifying imposters in expert fields.
Student Result Prediction System using Linear Regression
Authors: Sujan Devkota
Published: December 2024

The success of an academic institution depends heavily on the performance of its students. A student result prediction system can be beneficial in improving their performance. This study proposes a machine learning algorithm-based Linear regression model to predict the board exam CGPA. The research used a data set of 253 entries, each encoded using one-hot encoding. The Linear regression model was created using 80% of the data set, while the remaining 20% was used to test the model. The results show that the model can accurately predict the final exam's CGPA. This can be useful in identifying students who require additional support and enhancing teaching techniques.
Nasri, A. (2021). Skin for skin
Authors: Rasouli Z. , Eidlak Kh S.
Published: December 2024

The book by the modern Iranian philosopher Amir Nasri, Skin for Skin, is devoted to the study of Dostoevsky’s novels in an interdisciplinary context. Dostoevsky’s oeuvre exercises an enormous influence on the cultural life of Iranian intellectuals. The book opens with the chapter ‘Russia against Westernism,’ which contains a history behind Dostoevsky’s Crime and Punishment [Prestuplenie i nakazanie]. The second chapter deals with the influence of Balzac’s novels on Dostoevsky and compares Dostoevsky’s and Pushkin’s ideas. The third chapter focuses on the characters of Crime and Punishment. Nasri emphasizes that Dostoevsky’s ‘metaphysical realism’ aligns well with existentialist ideas. The book’s title, Skin for Skin, is a reference to the Book of Job. According to the philosopher, the meaning of the expression ‘skin for skin’ is an appropriate summary of the idea behind Dostoevsky’s Crime and Punishment
Laughter permitted. Andrey Astvatsaturov
Authors: Shcheglova E. P.
Published: December 2024

The article examines the prose of the Saint-Petersburg-based philologist and writer A. Astvatsaturov: in focus are its key motifs, images, and archetypes. E. Shcheglova points out that without any risk of missing an important insight into the protagonist’s psyche, a reader is free to disregard the books’ chronological order — their protagonist remains the same, be it in the inaugural People in the Nude [Lyudi v golom] (2009), or in the latest Don’t Feed or Touch the Pelicans [Ne kormite i ne trogayte pelikanov] (2019), or the two novels published in between, Skunkamera [Skunskamera] (2010) and Autumn in My Pockets [Osen v karmanakh] (2015). The image of the protagonist — a world-weary, fickle, and spoilt descendant of generations of intellectuals — becomes the principal subject of Shcheglova’s study. Her analysis of Astvatsaturov’s writings seeks to detect when the image directly corresponds to the narrator’s true self, and when it is merely a disguise. While recognizing the masterful execution of the novels, Shcheglova nevertheless remarks on their facetiousness and lack of variety — inevitable consequences of the writer’s known fondness for the genre of anekdot.
MANIPULATIVE BEHAVIOUR IN THE EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT OF A HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTION AND ITS COUNTERACTION
Authors: Vakhotska Iryna
Published: December 2024

The article discusses the generalised results of the study of the problem of students' and teachers’resistance to various kinds of manipulative influences in the educational environment. The empirical indicators of the degree of manipulative behaviour of participants in the educational process in a higher education institution are presented. The dominant markers of manipulative manifestations in educational environments are discussed. The approach to the development of psychological and educational counteraction to severe manipulative influence is substantiated.The propensity to manipulate, being a dynamic personal formation, largely reflects the system of value and meaningful orientations of the individual in the process of life. And in this analytical focus, the substantive aspect of the propensity to manipulate, manifested in specific acts of manipulation and instrumental equipment of manipulative behaviour, primarily indicates the manipulator’s willingness and ability to work with the processes of meaning-making and goal-setting as significant characteristics of the value-semantic structure of the situation, reflecting the dynamics of the actual sector of the multidimensional world of the potential object of manipulation. Based on the following aspects of the problem of protection against manipulation identified in psychological research as defining: resisting the influence of the manipulator, preventing manipulation, reorienting the manipulator to manifest authenticity and self-actualisation, another approach to the development of psychological and educational counteraction to severe manipulative influence is proposed. It is about purposeful work on the formation of an educational environment with a pronounced humanistic mentality, in which only the formation of stable qualities of the individual mentality of participants in the educational process as the main «psychological tool» to counteract manipulative influences can take place. It seems that the main conditions for the effectiveness of this approach are both the willingness of teachers to deeply reflect on the current situation in the educational environment of higher education institutions regarding the dominance of certain modes of manipulative behaviour, and the corporate readiness for professional and pedagogical work with the individual mentality of students.
GENDER CHARACTERISTICS OF THE FORMATION OF HEALTH-PRESERVING COMPETENCE OF FUTURE TEACHERS IN EXTRACURRICULAR ACTIVITIES AS A SCIENTIFIC PROBLEM
Authors: Polishchuk Nataliya , Stasiuk Yevhenii
Published: December 2024

The article examines various scientific approaches to the problem of forming health-preserving competence in future teachers, which is a relevant task in modern pedagogical education. Key aspects related to the integration of health-preserving technologies into the training process of future education specialists and the role of this competence in the professional development of teachers have been studied and analyzed. It has been established that health-preserving competence significantly influences the effectiveness of the educational process and the preservation of students’health, as it promotes the development of both physical and psychological well-being in students.The article emphasizes that the formation of health-preserving competence should be based on a comprehensive approach, which includes not only theoretical training but also the active implementation of innovative and interactive teaching methods. In particular, the use of distance learning technologies and blended learning elements is essential, as these methods allow future teachers to acquire practical skills while providing flexibility in the learning process. Special attention is paid to the role of practical activities and internships in educational institutions, which help students gain experience in the real implementation of health-preserving practices.The article also analyzes gender aspects of forming health-preserving competence, which take into account the individual needs of different categories of future teachers, specifically gender differences in approaches to learning and the use of health-preserving technologies. The necessity of a personalized approach to forming this competence is discussed, considering students’ individual characteristics, health status, and social context
The Gospel of Fakes
Authors: Hornberger Julia
Published: December 2024

Police across the world are increasingly asked to join the fight against fakes that a large and robust global web of intellectual property (IP) regulations has established. But how do already over-stretched police come to believe in this fight and devote scarce resources to it? To answer this, I examine the peculiar space of the IP conference, and the force of persuasion it delivers. Conferences matter because they transform abstract IP policy into pressing priority. In the space of the conference, officers are drawn into carefully scripted narratives of counterfeiting-as-crime and come to experience viscerally the dangers fakes reportedly pose. Through a careful reading of conference proceedings alongside fieldwork at IP conferences, I show how conferences banish the doubts of police and deliver persuasive force.
Security and Subversion in a Time of Monsters
Authors: Andersson Ruben
Published: December 2024

A border wall. An aid bunker. An Oxford garden. Amid wars and pandemics, the global security landscape is proliferating from the militarised red zones at capitalism's margins right into its beating heart. What kind of human future awaits once security becomes the default solution to perennial crisis? I suggest that both demand for security and supply of security capabilities are escalating—and that the resulting ‘securitisation of everything’ is fast outrunning our ability to analyse, let alone control, it. A large part of this runaway change concerns how security is appropriating and colonising intimate human life while making ordinary people complicit in its operations. Anthropology, that compromised trickster-science of the human, has an important role to play in understanding and perhaps subverting this monstrous reality.
Pierre Henry Rix, from Pétain's Sub-Prefect to de Gaulle's Prefect
Authors: Maurice Edenz
Published: December 2024

The history of sub-prefects under the Vichy regime remains to be written. What were the realities of their activities during this period? What history did they recount after the Liberation? What memory did they keep of those dark times? These are the questions that this article will answer by focusing on Pierre Henry Rix, a sub-prefect still renowned in Corsica for his leading role in the rescue of Jews. While shedding light on the skills required to climb the ladder of the prefectural career before, during and after the World War II, the article seeks to better understand how a Vichy sub-prefect, involved in the Gaullist Resistance and little concerned by the fate of the Jews, belatedly refashioned himself as a rescuer of Jews.
About the influence of the loading effects on the results of research by GNSS observations
Authors:   The Central Astronomical Observatory of the RAS at Pulkovo, Gorshkov V.L. , Scherbakova N.V. ,   The Central Astronomical Observatory of the RAS at Pulkovo
Published: December 2024

According to the data of the GNSS station velocity database (VDB) maintained at the Pulkovo Observatory, the correspondence of model loadings on station coordinates due to seasonal variations in Land Water Storage (LWS) to the real seasonal variations in coordinates estimated by the least squares method has been studied. It is shown that the model loadings from variations of LWS on the positions of GNSS stations in most cases are not adequate to the real seasonal variations of station coordinates for the studied territory of the Eastern European Craton.
Multisublattice magnetic structures in charge ordered perovskite manganites with high doping level
Authors: Gonchar L. E.
Published: December 2024

The study is devoted to the theoretical analysis of noncollinear magnetic structures of charge-ordered manganites with a doping level x=3/4, 4/5. The reasons for canted and perpendicular magnetic structures to form as a result of the competition between the orbitally dependent exchange interaction in different crystallographic directions and the influence of single-ion anisotropy are considered. The mechanism of formation of predominantly noncollinear magnetic structures is shown. Trimer stripe magnetic structures with ordering along pseudo-perovskite axes xp, yp, zp = b are predicted. The presence of magnetic structure components aligned with the b axis is assumed and methods for checking the presence of such components based on field dependencies of magnetization and antiferromagnetic resonance frequencies are proposed.
A study of the magnetoelastic effect in metallic textured NiWx (x = 5.5, 6.0, 7.4, AND 7.7 at %) ribbons
Authors: Nikonov А. А.
Published: December 2024

the dependence of the differential magnetic susceptibility cac(T) of metallic biaxially textured NiWx ribbons with a tungsten content x = 5.5, 6.0, 7.4, 7.7 at% on plane mechanical tension and compressive stresses has been studied in the temperature range 50–350 K. To create the tensile and compressive stresses, the thermal cycling procedure is applied to the ribbons glued to the substrates made of Si and aluminum alloy D16T, respectively. It is shown that the main peculiarities of the magnetic susceptibility behavior can be explained by magnetic orientation transitions and the occurrence of internal stresses s(T) that exceed the elastic limit of NiWx.
Simulation of the growth of an ensemble of austenite grains considering the inhibition by particles of the second phases
Authors: Gorbachev I. I.
Published: December 2024

Methods to simulate the grain growth in alloys considering the inhibition of this growth by second-phases particles have been proposed. The presented approaches are primarily focused on low-alloyed steels with carbonitride strengthening. The calculation results have been compared with the experimental data available in the literature and their satisfactory agreement has been shown.
Dynamics of the population structure of Belgorod Oblast. Malecot’s isolation by distance
Authors: Sergeeva K. N. , Sokorev S. N. , Goncharova Y. I. , Nevinnykh A. S. , Batlutskaya I. V. , Sorokina I. N.
Published: December 2024

The article presents the results of assessing the dynamics of parameters of the Maleko distance model of isolation among the population of the Belgorod region from 1978–1980 for 2016–2018. When compared with data for 1890–1910 and 1951–1953 on average for the region an increase in the root-mean-square distances between the places of birth of spouses was established, taking into account long-distance migrations (6.9 times) and without them (13.3 times), effective migration pressure (1.5 times) and a decrease in the coefficient of linear systematic pressure (11 times), the effective population size (1.3 times). The level of local inbreeding decreased significantly among the urban population and remained unchanged among the rural population. The most pronounced changes in the parameters of the isolation model by Malekot’s distance occurred in the middle – second half of the twentieth century. The differences in most indicators of the model of isolation by the Malekot’s distance between city and village, maximally expressed at the end of the 19th century, decreased over the course of generations and were practically leveled out by 2016–2018.
Detection of new phylogenetic lineages in the korean field mouse in the south of Sikhote-Alin based on analysis of the cytochrome b gene variability
Authors: Tsukanova V. D. , Sheremetyeva I. N.
Published: December 2024

The variability of the cytochrome b gene in 11 individuals of Korean field mouse from the Ussuri Nature Reserve, located on the southern spurs of the Sikhote-Alin in the Przewalski Mountains, was analyzed. In the population, a high level of genetic diversity was identified due to the discovery of individuals with haplotypes of three phylogenetic lineages “Amur”, “Korea” and “Manchuria”. The majority of individuals (72.73%) in the population had “Amur” haplotypes. A significantly lower frequency of occurrence of individuals with “Korea” haplotypes in the Ussuri Nature Reserve (9.09%) compared to the previously analyzed population of the Khasansky District (38.46%) located in the very south of the Primorsky Krai was noted. In the Ussuri Nature Reserve, for the first time in the Russian Far East, two individuals with “Manchuria” haplotypes were discovered. Previously, only one finding of an individual with a similar haplotype was noted in the literature in the Heilongjiang province of Northeast China. It has been suggested that individuals with haplotypes of the “Korea” phylogroup penetrate into the south of Sikhote-Alin from South Korea, and with haplotypes of the “Manchuria” phylogroup from Northeast China.
Agency Fields in the Sphere of Art: Actors, Environments of Manifestation, and Formation Factors
Authors: Sorokin Pavel S. , Afanasyeva Irina A.
Published: December 2024

Insufficient understanding of the driving forces and mechanisms of proactive human influence on the social environment has recently been discussed as one of the key problems for fundamental science and practical politics. One of the key concepts in scientific discussions is agency. The field of art, as both a medium of manifestation and a factor in the formation of agency, receives limited attention, despite the fact that historically it occupies an important place in the developments on the problems of structural dynamics (for example, in the works of P. Bourdieu, B. Latour). Based on theoretical analysis, a review of discussions in the field of contemporary art, as well as on the basis of five interviews with contemporary artists, this article puts forward and substantiates the hypothesis about the existence of “fields of agency” as a special type of social formations, resulting not so much from change or development through individual action of existing structures, but from the direct creation of new practices of action and communities, which in turn change the wider environment. This hypothesis is considered as a development of the concept of strategic action fields by N. Fligsteen and D. McAdam, as well as a clarification of the neostructuration concept (de-structuration) previously put forward by one of the authors of this article. The authors conclude that the formation of fields of agency may be an important mechanism through which individual action can transform the social world and which has not been sufficiently studied in contemporary social theory.
The Agent Concept of the Authentic Personal: Justification and Empirical Verification
Authors: Nartova-Bochaver S. K. , Korneev A. A. , Bochaver K. A.
Published: December 2024

The agent concept of the personal authenticity considering it personality trait that ensures a person’s fidelity to their nature, spatial and temporal circumstances of life, and calling, is systematically presented. The two main functions of authenticity, transcendental and adaptive, contribute to maintaining prosocial (including moral) attitudes and psychological well-being. The agent concept is presented in seven positions and verified empirically. The correlation study involved 430 respondents aged 17 to 32 years (Mage = 19.20 ± 1.22), 88 men and 342 women. The indicators of general well-being, positive and negative affect, and moral motives were measured. Eight authenticity indicators representing three concepts were independent variables. Three hypotheses were tested: 1) Dispositional authenticity is positively associated with a person’s psychological well-being; 2) Dispositional authenticity is positively associated with a person’s moral motives; 3) Indicators of dispositional authenticity within different paradigms form different patterns of connections with well-being indicators and moral motives. All three hypotheses were confirmed (the second one — partially). The prediction of well-being is stronger compared with moral motives, and the indicator of the agent concept forms the largest number of connections, giving evidence for both adaptive and transcendental functions of authenticity.
Development of the Principle of Analyzing the Dynamics of the Psychophysical Indicator d′ Using the “Moving Average” Method
Authors: Apanovich V. V. , Yudakov K. S. , Egorova P. I.
Published: December 2024

The article describes the possibilities of using the “moving average” method in the analysis of psychophysical indicators using the example of indicator d′ used in the “Yes” method/No”, based on the Theory of signal detection. The general principles of applying the “sliding window” method to the psychophysical indicator d′ are considered, as well as the features of its use. Methods are described to test the basic assumptions inherent in the model of the Theory of signal detection, but in relation to dynamic data. Some possible tasks are analyzed, the solution of which becomes available when using this method of data analysis.
Problems of Overcoming Life Stress in Students from the Position of V. E. Chudnovsky's Concept of the Meaning Of Life
Authors: Karpova N. L. , Popova T. A.
Published: December 2024

The article presents the scientific biography of Vilen Emmanuilovich Chudnovsky, the organizer of domestic research on the psychology of the meaning of life in the late 20th — early 21st centuries. From the position of his concept the problems of overcoming life stress in modern teenagers and young people are considered. Age characteristics of older teenagers and young people are defined as those most susceptible to crisis states and stress; views on the concepts of “stress” and “life stress” are presented; issues and forms of correction of stressful states in students are considered. The relevance of turning to the works of V.E. Chudnovsky, addressed to high school students, students and teachers, for solving life-meaning issues in the modern world is proved.
To the 70th Anniversary of the 1953 Meeting on Psychology: The First Post-Stalinist Event
Authors: Stoyukhina N. Yu. , Zhuravlev A. L.
Published: December 2024

The authors tried to take a new look at a little-known for Russian psychological science event — the II All-Union Meeting on Psychology, convened by the Presidium of the Academy of Pedagogical Sciences of the RSFSR and held in Moscow from July 3 to 8, 1953, the 70th anniversary of which was celebrated in 2023. The meeting was organized a year after the Meeting on psychology, convened on the initiative of the Presidium of the Academy of Pedagogical Sciences of the RSFSR and held from June 30 to July 5, 1952. Unlike the Meeting of 1952, where there were mainly theoretical speeches, in the reports at the 1953 Meeting psychologists presented concrete psychological research carried out experimentally, thus summarizing some preliminary results of the reorganization of psychological science on the basis of the teachings of I.P. Pavlov. There were three thematic groups of reports: language and thinking, sensation and perception, typological differences of human higher nervous activity, in which there was a desire to find concrete ways of genuine reorganization of the whole system of psychology on the basis of I.P. Pavlov’s doctrine of higher nervous activity. The disadvantages of the speeches were recognized as the weak connection of specific studies, carried out by the method of objective physiological analysis, with psychological problems, the loss of the specificity of psychological research, the dominance of questions of physiological analysis, the uncritical use of old psychological methods, and the formal use of I.P. Pavlov’s teaching. Another important issue discussed at the Meeting was the Prospectus of the textbook edited by professors S.L. Rubinstein, A.N. Leontiev, A.A. Smirnov, and B.M. Teplov, full members of the Academy of Pedagogical Sciences of the RSFSR.
Contribution of T. P. Zinchenko to the Development of Cognitive and Applied Psychology (On the Occasion of Her 85th Birthday)
Authors: Zhuravlev A. L. , Sergeev S. F.
Published: December 2024

This article is a scientific-biographical essay dedicated to the analysis of the activities, human, and personal qualities of the renowned Soviet psychologist, cognitive scientist, representative of the Leningrad/Saint Petersburg school of psychology, Doctor of Psychological Sciences, Professor Tatyana Petrovna Zinchenko. The article highlights her extraordinary personal and human qualities and her pronounced pedagogical talent. It demonstrates her pioneering and foundational role in the creation and development of the theoretical-methodological and experimental basis of the Leningrad school of cognitive psychology, research on memory, perception, recognition, human information encoding, studies of perceptual interference processes, cognitive styles, and applied aspects of engineering psychology and cognitive ergonomics. Research on this range of issues began and was conducted in the 1960s–1980s in the “Reception and Processing of Information” laboratory of the Faculty of Psychology at Leningrad State University. Under T.P. Zinchenko’s leadership, methods of tachistoscopic research were developed and widely used in educational and scientific-practical work, showing high effectiveness in the study of perception, attention, and memory processes. Tatyana Petrovna developed a structural-functional model of recognition, investigating its structure and connections with basic mental processes. Together with A.A. Frumkin in the mid-1990s, the first automated system of psychological support for activities was created and implemented in practice, including a battery of psychodiagnostics methods for professional selection based on computer technologies.
Ablastica - Metazoa without germ layers
Authors: Dondua A. K. , Gonobobleva E. L.
Published: December 2024

The germ layers theory is a fundamental synthesis of comparative and evolutionary embryology, which is essential for proving the unity of the multicellular animals. In this article, we substantiate the point of view that among Metazoa, in addition to Diploblastica and Triploblastica, there is a third group, which lacks germ layers, and on this basis we propose to call it Ablastica.
Innovative tools and platforms for interactive online mathematics learning
Authors: Hlazova V.V. , Pashchenko I.O. , Chebitko YE.A.
Published: December 2024

The article is focused on the analysis of current trends in the use of interactive online resources in mathematics teaching. The influence of such resources on the motivation of students, individualization of learning and development of key competencies is analyzed. Interactive resources, such as mobile applications, adaptive learning platforms, and VR/AR technologies, are explored to promote a better understanding of complex mathematical concepts, improve collaboration among students, and help adapt the learning process to the individual needs of each student. The article emphasizes the importance of digital technologies for developing students' motivation, increasing their interest in mathematics and integrating learning with real-life situations. Prospects for further research in this area are suggested, particularly on the effectiveness of gamification and the use of mobile applications to engage students to study.
БЮДЖЕТНИЙ ДЕФІЦИТ І ДОТРИМАННЯ ПРИНЦИПУ ЗБАЛАНСОВАНОСТІ БЮДЖЕТІВ ПІД ЧАС ВІЙНИ
Authors: ГЛАДЧЕНКО Лідія
Published: December 2024

Стаття присвячена розгляду питання про збалансованість бюджету та наявність бюджетного дефіциту. У дослідженні розмежовано два підходи до розуміння збалансованості бюджету залежно від погляду на сам бюджет. Розкрито баланс бюджету з позицій його як фінансового плану, де бюджетна розбалансованість пов’язана, насамперед, з формуванням бюджетного дефіциту, який покривається джерелами фінансування. Крім того збалансованість розглядається в контексті бюджету як фінансового фонду, де ключовий акцент зроблено на управлінні бюджетними потоками та забезпеченні ліквідності бюджету. В роботі також проаналізований бюджетний дефіцит та джерела його фінансування щодо державного та місцевих бюджетів України. Визначено тенденцію до поглиблення дефіциту державного бюджету та формування надлишку місцевих бюджетів під час війни.
Spot the Signs- 防范未然，及时干预- 培训
Authors: Leng Kenny Kah-Keng , Murray Victoria Wong , Weatherspoon Alexus , Palen Amy , Stagliano Kenneth W , Scheinthal Stephen M
Published: December 2024

Opiate overdose is an unfortunately common risk factor for suicide; suicide attempts accounted for an estimated 30% of fatal opioid overdoses during the pandemic, and patients with an episode of opiate overdose were at an 18 times higher risk of suicide in the following year. As a result, the Rowan School of Osteopathic Medicine Department of Psychiatry developed an Integrated Mental Health Awareness and Suicide Prevention program targeted at members of the community and frontline workers to increase awareness and provide brief interventions, which demonstrated an improvement of 89% in our English-speaking attendees.

Chinese is the second-most common non-English language in New Jersey, with an estimated 120 thousand speakers, and major Chinatowns in the adjacent cities of New York City and Philadelphia. Chinese patients also frequently experience culturally bound stigmas and symptoms, so it is vital to ensure content is appropriately targeted for maximum impact. In this poster, we showcase some examples of translated and targeted content, and detail several terms that differ between dialects or regional varieties commonly spoken in New Jersey. Attention to matching dialect and the use of local terminology for culturally specific syndromes can increase effectiveness of patient education programs in underserved populations.The use of qualified human medical translators proficient in the dialect spoken by specific patients or provider-patient concordance also prevents misunderstanding and may improve rapport.
The Benefits and Risks of Pudendal Nerve Block and Dorsal Root Ganglion Stimulation in Pudendal Neuralgia
Authors: Patel Pooja A
Published: December 2024

Context: Pudendal neuralgia is a chronic neuropathic pain syndrome worsening throughout daily activities. Although temporarily relieved when standing or lying down, it is often misdiagnosed, improperly treated, and/or refractory to treatment leading to a negative impact on quality of life. The lack of research in proper diagnosis and interventional management (such as dorsal root ganglion stimulation (DRGS) and pudendal nerve block) further contributes to the delay in relief from the chronic pain. Objective: The goal of this scoping review is to assess if research exists on benefits and risks of pudendal nerve block and dorsal root ganglion and their effectiveness both individually and in comparison to each other in the management of pudendal neuralgia. Methods: An organized review of current literature evaluated the benefits of pudendal nerve block and dorsal root ganglion in treatment of pudendal neuralgia. The search was performed using the database Pubmed. The following search terms were utilized: “pudendal neuralgia”, “pudendal neuralgia dorsal root ganglion stimulation”, “pudendal neuralgia and pudendal nerve block”, “pudendal neuralgia and pudendal nerve block benefits”, “pudendal neuralgia treatment”. Systemic reviews, case reports, clinical trials, and review trials were included in our analysis. Articles that did not focus on either pudendal neuralgia or the use of pudendal nerve blocks or DRGS were excluded. Results: There were limited studies that focused on the use of DRGS for pudendal neuralgia compared to pudendal nerve blocks. Conclusion: Though the benefits and disadvantages of each treatment were assessed in the studies, there is no research directly comparing the two treatment options leading to lack of current recommendations or guidelines based on treatment efficacies. Future directions: Further research needs to be conducted on use of DRGS as well as a comparison study to acknowledge its effectiveness compared to pudendal nerve blocks.
Splenic Artery Aneurysm Masquerading as Chest Pain: A Case Report of a Rare Clinical Presentation
Authors: Forester Emily , Brown Anjeanette
Published: December 2024

Background: Splenic artery aneurysms most commonly present with vague epigastric or left upper quadrant abdominal pain that may radiate to the left shoulder. Chest pain associated with splenic artery aneurysm is an unusual phenomena. This case presents a rare occurrence of a splenic artery aneurysm originally presenting as atypical chest pain. Case Presentation: A 46 year old G3P2 AAF patient with family history of hypertension presented to the ER with pleuritic left chest pain, episodes of shortness of breath, and new onset hypertension. Chest x-ray and ECG were unremarkable. Pertinent labs included a hemoglobin of 10.6 and D-dimer of 4.10. CTA of the chest revealed no evidence of pulmonary embolism. Bilateral ultrasound of the lower extremities was negative for deep vein thrombosis. Following her negative workup, the patient’s symptoms were presumed to be related to allergies or asthma, although there was no symptomatic improvement with albuterol inhaler. Following discharge, the patient’s symptoms persisted and began to present as left upper quadrant abdominal pain with fullness. CT of the abdomen and pelvis with and without contrast revealed a large lobular mass in the left upper quadrant with unknown origin. Open exploratory laparoscopy surprisingly revealed a splenic artery aneurysm that had recently ruptured. The patient underwent distal pancreatectomy, splenectomy, and adrenalectomy during this operation. Conclusion: Although the presentation of a splenic artery aneurysm as chest pain is rare, evaluation for this pathology may be indicated in patients with new onset left chest pain, hematologic abnormalities, and negative pulmonary/cardiac workup.
Ist der Rechtspopulismus unaufhaltsam? Über Marcel Lewandowsky (2024): Was Populisten wollen. Wie sie die Gesellschaft herausfordern – und wie man ihnen begegnen sollte. Köln: Kiepenheuer & Witsch.
Authors: Holtz-Bacha Christina
Published: December 2024

Der Rechtspopulismus hat sich in Europa festgesetzt. Durch permanente Provokation, die mit den Normen des politischen Geschäfts bricht und Grenzen verschiebt, bedienen Populisten erfolgreich die Kriterien der medialen Nachrichtenselektion und fordern die anderen Parteien heraus. Die Machtübernahme geschieht auch ohne Regierungsbeteiligung. Mit der Europawahl 2024, die einen starken rechtspopulistischen Block im Europäischen Parlament hervorgebracht hat, ist die Nervosität allenthalben gestiegen, und nicht erst jetzt stellt sich die Frage, ob und wie dem Populismus beizukommen ist.
Effects of short foot training on foot posture in patients with flatfeet: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Cheng Jinling , Han Dongmiao , Qu Jiayang , Liu Zicai , Huang Ying
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND:

With lifestyle changes, the prevalence of flatfoot is increasing year by year, with a prevalence of 29%. Flatfoot will lead to an inevitable injury and reduce the quality of life. Short foot exercises can enhance the strength of the intrinsic muscles of the foot and improve the symptoms of flatfoot. However, there is controversy regarding its specific efficacy.

OBJECTIVE:

This meta-analysis quantitatively evaluates the effect of short foot training on patients with flatfeet and provides evidence to inform the clinical approach to short foot training in patients with flat feet.

METHODS:

A total of eight databases were searched, including CNKI, WANFANG, VIP, and CBM in Chinese and PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Science, and Embase in English. The timeframe for searching the literature was March 2023 for each database build. English database search terms and search formulas were: (flat foot OR talipes valgus OR talipes calcaneovalgus) AND (short foot exercises OR physical therapy OR neurophysiotherapy).

RESULTS:

The current pooled results show no significant difference in the improvement of the navicular drop test and foot posture index with short foot exercises compared to controls; only short foot exercises greater than 6 w showed a significant improvement in the navicular drop test, and sensitivity analysis showed a significant improvement in the foot posture index with short foot exercises.

CONCLUSION:

This systematic review and meta-analysis showed that short foot exercises need a larger sample size to find their effect on improving flat feet; the duration of the intervention is a factor. As most studies are currently unclear whether the participants were patients with flat feet or asymptomatic individuals with flat feet the disease syndrome in patients with flatfoot may also be a factor.
Proactive Gradient Conflict Mitigation in Multi-Task Learning:A Sparse Training Perspective
Authors: Zhang Zhi , Shen Jiayi , Zhang Shanghang , Shutova Ekaterina
Published: December 2024

Advancing towards generalist agents necessitates the concurrent processing of multiple tasks using a unified model, thereby underscoring the growing significance of simultaneous model training on multiple downstream tasks. A common issue in multi-task learning is the occurrence of gradient conflict, which leads to potential competition among different tasks during joint training. This competition often results in improvements in one task at the expense of deterioration in another. Although several optimization methods have been developed to address this issue by manipulating task gradients for better task balancing, they cannot decrease the incidence of gradient conflict. In this paper, we systematically investigate the occurrence of gradient conflict across different methods and propose a strategy to reduce such conflicts through sparse training (ST), wherein only a portion of the model’s parameters are updated during training while keeping the rest unchanged. Our extensive experiments demonstrate that ST effectively mitigates conflicting gradients and leads to superior performance. Furthermore, ST can be easily integrated with gradient manipulation techniques, thus enhancing their effectiveness.
A Beginner’s Guide to Producing and Saving Open-Pollinated Seeds for North Florida Farmers and Gardeners
Authors: Davidson Tere , DeSa Melissa , Pérez Héctor
Published: December 2024

Seed saving is the art and practice of preserving and sharing seeds from desired open-pollinated plants. Saving seeds has many benefits and motivations that may include improving the adaptability of a crop to a region or microclimate, preserving cultural traditions and foods, growing for nutrient density and flavor preferences, saving on the cost of seed purchases, and connecting to local communities through seed sharing. For example, you may start saving seeds to preserve a beloved heirloom variety with flavors that remind you of home or to improve on a crop that performed particularly well. Saving your own seeds can save money, as one good growing season can produce many years' worth of seeds. This publication is for farmers and gardeners interested in producing, using, or donating seeds from open-pollinated plants. It recommends practices to produce, harvest, and store seeds from annual vegetable, fruit, and herb crops. This guidance is not intended for commercial purposes.
Veronica spp. Wooly Speedwell, Speedwell
Authors: Gilman Edward
Published: December 2024

This publication provides an overview of various Veronica species, commonly known as wooly speedwell or speedwell. These herbaceous plants can grow between 2 to 18 inches tall and thrive in full sun or light shade. They are suitable for USDA hardiness zones 4 through 9A. The document discusses the plant’s moderate drought tolerance, growth habits, and uses in landscaping, such as ground cover, borders, and mass plantings. It also addresses common pests and diseases, including downy mildew and leaf spot. First published 1999.
Zinnia spp. Zinnia
Authors: Gilman Edward
Published: December 2024

This document is about the Zinnia spp., commonly known as zinnia. It describes the plant’s various heights (6 inches to 3 feet) and vibrant flower colors (except blue). Zinnias thrive in full sun, tolerate most soils, and are used in mass plantings, containers, and as cut flowers. The document also covers planting guidelines, pest and disease management, and highlights the plant’s fast growth rate and high drought tolerance. Original publication date October, 1999.
The Fire Ecology of Saw Palmetto
Authors: Pereira Vânia Maria , Souza Campos Thiago , Vendrame Wagner , Crandall Raelene M.
Published: December 2024

This publication informs fire and natural resources managers as well as other interested people about the relationship between saw palmetto and fire. Saw palmetto is a palm native to the southeastern United States. Like other southeastern palms, saw palmetto thrives in frequently burned environments. Its highly combustible dead leaves fuel fires, after which saw palmetto benefits from the post-fire environment, exhibiting increased growth, resprouting, and induction of flowering. Saw palmettos can survive fires because of their well-insulated buds and waxy leaves. The meristem, where new growth originates, is located inside the top of the stem-like rhizome. Younger leaves grow in the center under several layers of older leaves. Old leaves persist over time and insulate and protect the meristem. This publication includes best management practices for managing saw palmetto to reduce fire hazard and maintain the health of saw palmetto and the entire the landscape.
Cellular Agriculture for Production of Cell-Based Seafood: Part 4—Exploring the Potential of Fish Skin and Fish Waste in the Circular Bioeconomy
Authors: Tvedt Julia , Zhang Boce , Farzad Razieh
Published: December 2024

Cellular agriculture offers a groundbreaking approach to seafood production, where fish cells are cultivated to produce fish meat without traditional fishing or aquaculture. This method promises to meet the growing demand for seafood and addresses critical issues such as overfishing and habitat destruction. Fish waste, including fish skin, is a significant byproduct of the seafood industry that is often discarded; however, using fish waste as a resource for cell-based seafood production emerges as a compelling solution. Integrating fish waste into the production process can enhance the sustainability and efficiency of cellular agriculture. This approach aligns with the principles of the circular bioeconomy, transforming waste into valuable inputs and closing the loop in seafood production. This EDIS publication provides information on the potential of fish skin and other fish waste materials to be used as natural sources in cell-cultivated seafood production and its scaffolding.
A Practical Guide for Adjusting Fertigation Water pH in Specialty Crop Production
Authors: Liu Guodong , Shohag Md , Hickey Lisa , Li Yuncong , Tian Shufang
Published: December 2024

Fruit and vegetable producers have widely adopted fertigation as a common practice. However, achieving optimal nutrient use efficiency and growth of crops requires careful management of the irrigation water’s pH, especially when the water quality exhibits excessive acidity or alkalinity. Adjusting the pH of irrigation water is crucial to meet crop preferences and ensure optimal conditions for growth. Growers frequently encounter challenges in effectively optimizing irrigation water pH. This publication aims to address this issue by providing an overview of adjusting irrigation water pH and offering practical guidelines. The target audiences of this guide are farm/nursery managers, growers, crop advisors, Future Farmers of America (FFA), Extension agents, researchers, students, and others who are interested in crop production.
Tuliptree Aphid Scientific Name: Illinoia liriodendri (Monell) (Insecta: Hempitera: Aphididae)
Authors: Mikell Lindsay , Dale Adam
Published: December 2024

The tuliptree aphid, Illinoia liriodendri (Monell) is a sap-feeding insect herbivore of Liriodendron tulipifera that commonly reaches high densities on trees planted in urban settings. Liriodendron tulipifera is a large tree species native throughout eastern North America known commonly as tuliptree or tulip poplar. This tree is a common ornamental tree species used in urban forests throughout the mid-Atlantic states of North America. Although it occurs mostly in temperate regions, Illinoia liriodendri can be found in most places where tulip poplar is grown. While its effects are recognized to be mostly aesthetic, heavy infestations of tuliptree aphid can significantly impact young trees, and they are considered the most important insect pest of this tree species in urban landscapes . This publication describes the identification, biology, and management of tuliptree aphid.
CP 03-1912: A Sugarcane Cultivar Expanding on Sand Soil in Florida
Authors: Sandhu Hardev , VanWeelden Matt , Sharma Amandeep , Davidson Wayne
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this fact sheet is to provide basic informa­tion and yield and disease information for CP 03-1912 to assist growers in a decision-making process of whether to further expand acreage of this cultivar with a clearer expectation of potential insect pest and disease issues that may need to be addressed through pest management strategies. Written by Hardev Sandhu, Matt VanWeelden, Amandeep Sharma, and Wayne Davidson, and published by the UF/IFAS Department of Agronomy, September 2024.
Understanding Soil Fertility from an Urban Grower Perspective
Authors: Sharma Lakesh K. , Singh Ravinder , Sharma Ayush K. , Singh Hardeep
Published: December 2024

The excitement of watching a seed sprout into a flourishing plant is a joy for all who cultivate their own urban gardens. Many think of soil as a mere support for those plants, a substance that anchors them into the ground. However, soil is a dynamic and life-sustaining medium that nourishes plants. There is a complex ecosystem beneath the soil surface, composed of minerals, organic matter, water, air, and countless microorganisms. Understanding soil fertility is vital to plant growth. This publication is written for individuals tending to lawns, shrubs, trees, or flowers in urban settings. It introduces essential terms of soil fertility, explains the role of soil properties in supporting healthy plants, and familiarizes readers with methods to enhance soil fertility within the context of urban settings. It also serves as a guide to empower non-farmers and urban residents, offering insights into plant nutrient requirements and the principles of effective nutritional care.