bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
O jogo político do Fundo de Financiamento Estudantil (FIES) (2010-2016)
Authors: Santos Aline Veiga dos , Chaves Vera Lúcia Jacob , Paixão Divaneide Lira Lima
Published: August 2021

RESUMO Este artigo analisa o financiamento do Ensino Superior privado por meio do Fundo de Financiamento Estudantil (FIES), que está inserido em uma complexa teia de articulações entre Estado e empresariado. Examinam-se os discursos de deputados e senadores sobre o FIES e a articulação do setor privado-mercantil com esses atores políticos. Trata-se de uma pesquisa documental crítico-descritiva, baseada na teoria do Estado ampliado e no método da análise de redes sociais. Os dados foram submetidos ao software Analyse Lexicale par Contexte d’un Ensemble de Segments de Texte. O FIES é uma política pública de caráter social, que se desenvolveu atendendo aos interesses dos empresários da educação. Constatou-se que se tornou uma política de mercado deliberada nos bastidores do Congresso Nacional, com repasses anuais bilionários para as Instituições de Ensino Superior privado-mercantis, e contribuiu para o processo de expansão, mercantilização e financeirização do Ensino Superior privado-mercantil.
O uso das tecnologias como ferramenta para a formação continuada e autoformação docente
Authors: Machado Giovanni Bohm , Machado Juliana Aquino , Wives Leandro Krug , Silva Gilberto Ferreira da
Published: August 2021

RESUMO A formação docente é um processo que ocorre durante toda a vida e inclui as experiências de aprendizagem profissional que contribuem para a qualidade da educação. A formação continuada de professores, contemplando processos autoformativos e colaborativos, encontra nos recursos tecnológicos meios que agregam possibilidades, tanto nos aspectos individuais quanto nos coletivos. Este estudo buscou identificar um perfil docente com foco na utilização de dispositivos digitais para o exercício de suas funções e aprimoramento das práticas pedagógicas. Para isso, foi aplicado um questionário para professores de uma rede municipal da região metropolitana de Porto Alegre. Dessa maneira, identificou-se o uso de tecnologias como possibilidade efetiva de romper com a solidão pedagógica por intermédio da criação de espaços de interação. O estudo aponta, ainda, a necessidade de estratégias formativas comporem políticas de formação docente, sendo acompanhadas de forma planejada.
Cartografia de redes de conversação entre os profissionais da educação básica e superior nos estágios e práticas de formação docente
Authors: Silva Rejane Conceição Silveira da , Laurino Débora Pereira
Published: August 2021

RESUMO O presente artigo discute e problematiza o espaço dos estágios e práticas dos cursos de formação docente sob o olhar dos professores orientadores da universidade e dos docentes que acolhem estagiários em escolas públicas. O estudo tem por base teórica e epistemológica a biologia do conhecer, proposta por Humberto Maturana e Francisco Varela, e utiliza a cartografia como método para mapear os territórios. Para compor a cartografia, valemo-nos das narrativas produzidas acerca de nossas experiências e dos dados resultantes das conversas realizadas com os professores. Na produção e análise desses elementos, percebemos que os estágios e o campo das práticas, por meio da constituição de redes de conversação, podem oportunizar experiências, reflexões e aprendizagens para todos os envolvidos. Além disso, são vias de acesso importantes para estabelecermos uma convivência coinspirativa capaz de contribuir para a melhoria da formação e do desenvolvimento da profissão docente.
Fleurs du Travail, Fleurs Sublimes: Anna Mendelssohn's Involute Tulips
Authors: Crangle Sara
Published: August 2021

Situating Anna Mendelssohn within the nineteenth-century, highly feminised genres of floral poetry, anthologies, and dictionaries, this essay argues that flowers become a means by which Mendelssohn performs feminist oscillations between sentimentality and sublimity. Through genetic criticism and close reading, the essay attends particularly to Mendelssohn's archived and published instantiations of tulips from 1974 to 1995, culminating in her great poem 'Silk & Wild Tulips' (1995). By tracking floral motifs in Mendelssohn's work, the essay unearths the thorough labour of her editorial processes, as well as some innately conservative strands of her artistry and ideology. At their most ideal, Mendelssohn's flowers stand for an inarticulable, as-yet-unattainable, and distinctly feminised form of communication, and in this guise, they are a catalyst by which Mendelssohn strives to redefine her masculinist avant-garde inheritance. Numerous unpublished archival materials are referenced, among them, Mendelssohn's prison diaries, marginalia, pamphlets, prose typescripts, and poem manuscripts.
Fibromiyalji Hastalarında D Vitamini Eksikliğinin Fiziksel Semptomlara Etkisinin İncelenmesi
Authors: KARABULUT İhsan , KOCAMAZ Deniz , TURHAN Begümhan
Published: August 2021

Amaç: Amacımız fibromiyalji hastalarında D vitamini eksikliğinin fiziksel semptomlara etkisini inceleyen araştırmaları taramaktır.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmada Pubmed ve Google Scholar veri tabanlarında anahtar kelimeler ile uyumlu tüm Türkçe ve İngilizce çalışmalar tarandı. Anahtar kelime olarak İngilizce dilinde ‘fibromyalgia’ ve ‘Vitamin D’ kelimeleri Türkçe dilinde ‘fibromiyalji’ ve ‘D vitamini’ anahtar kelimeleri kullanıldı.
Bulgular: 2 anahtar kelimenin başlıkta yer aldığı ve fiziksel bulguları inceleyen çalışma sayısı 20’dir. Araştırmaya dahil edilen 2230 bireyin yer aldığı çalışmaların dokuzu ulusal, 11’i uluslararası çalışmalardı. 20 çalışmadan sekizi hasta grubundan, 12’si hasta ve kontrol grubundan oluşmaktadır. Altı çalışmada D vitamini replasman tedavisi bulunmaktaydı. Çalışmalarda ağrı, uyku durumu, yorgunluk, fibromiyalji etkinliği, yaşam kalitesi, anksiyete, depresyon, cinsellik, denge parametreleri incelenmiştir. Ağrı, yorgunluk, uyku durumu en fazla incelenen fiziksel bulgulardır.
Sonuç: Fibromiyalji hastalarında D vitamini eksikliğinin ağrıyı ve fibromiyalji belirtilerini arttırdığı, yaşam kalitesini, uyku süresini ve dengeyi azalttığı, yorgunluk düzeyi açısından anlamlı bir farklılık oluşturmadığı gözlenmektedir.
Validasi Kaedah Kromatografi Cecair Berprestasi Tinggi (HPLC) Jenis Penukar Ion dan Perbandingannya terhadap HPLC Jenis Fasa Berbalik bagi Penentuan Jumlah Homosisteina
Authors: Omar Affandi , Abdul Kadir Siti Rozilah , Abdul Rahman Salina , Amin Nordin Fatimah Diana , Kamarudin Balqis , Muhamad Nur Jannaim , Mohamed Rosnani , Rozali Nurul Adibah , Khalid Norzahidah , Ahmad Nazri Muhd Irfan Bukhari , Abdul Jalil Julaina
Published: August 2021

Kajian ini dijalankan untuk menilai kemampuan kaedah penentuan jumlah homosisteina dalam plasma dengan menggunakan kromatografi cecair berprestasi tinggi jenis penukar ion (HPLC-IEC) dan membandingkan kaedah ini dengan kit komersil yang menggunakan kromatografi cecair berprestasi tinggi jenis fasa berbalik (HPLC-RPC). Validasi kaedah bagi penentuan jumlah homosisteina menggunakan HPLC-IEC telah dilakukan mengikut panduan yang dikeluarkan oleh Jabatan Standard Malaysia. Sebanyak 57 sampel daripada pesakit yang dihantar untuk penentuan jumlah homosisteina telah diuji secara serentak untuk menentukan korelasi antara kedua kaedah tersebut. Hasil kajian ini mendapati bahawa validasi kaedah ini telah memenuhi keperluan ISO MS 15189 dan kelinearan sehingga 500 µM dengan pekali penentuan, r2 ialah 0.999. Kepersisan yang dikaji pada aras normal (10 µM) dan aras berpenyakit/abnormal (60 µM) bagi kebolehulangan adalah masing-masing 3.2% dan 3.8% manakala bagi kebolehasilan semula masing-masing adalah 8.0% dan 8.3%. Had pengesanan dan had pengiraan yang diperoleh adalah 0.9274 dan 3.0912 µM. Keputusan ketepatan bagi kembalian semula adalah 92% dan bias adalah -8.6%. Perbandingan kaedah yang telah divalidasi dengan kit komersil menunjukkan hubungan korelasi yang kuat antara kedua-dua kaedah ini (y = 0.721x + 4.034; r = 0.978; p<0.05). Oleh yang demikian, kaedah penentuan jumlah homosisteina menggunakan HPLC-IEC menunjukkan kepersisan yang memuaskan dan korelasi yang kuat setara dengan kit komersil yang dianalisis menggunakan HPLC-RPC. Kaedah ini lebih menjimatkan kos reagen dan mampu menganalisis lebih banyak sampel jika dibandingkan dengan kit komersil. Ini sekaligus dapat membantu dalam diagnosis bagi penyakit kepincangan metabolisme terwaris (IEM) terutama dalam metabolisme homosisteina dengan tepat.
Effects of Alpha-Mangostin Encapsulated in Nanostructured Lipid Carriers in Mice with Cerebral Ischemia Reperfusion Injury
Authors: Sakamula Romgase , Yata Teerapong , Thong-asa Wachiryah
Published: August 2021

Cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury (CIRI) is a phenomenon in which the cerebral blood supply is restored after a period of ischemia, resulting in irreversible damage to brain tissue. Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in the development of CIRI, therefore, targeting oxidative stress might be an effective strategy for CIRI prevention and treatment. Many therapeutic substances possess antioxidant and protective properties against neurodegenerative disorders but lack of in vivo application due to their solubility, and bioavailability. We investigated the effects of alpha-mangostin (αM) encapsulated in nanostructured lipid carriers (αM-NLC) on CIRI in mice. Forty male ICR mice were randomly divided into four groups: Sham, ischemia reperfusion (IR), ischemia reperfusion with 25 mg/kg of αM (IR+αM), and ischemia reperfusion with 25 mg/kg of αM-NLC (IR+αM-NLC). After 6 days of oral administrations, IR was delivered using 30 min of bilateral common carotid artery occlusion, followed by 45 min of reperfusion. Cerebral infarction volume, hippocampal neuronal and corpus callosum (CC) white matter damage, malondialdehyde (MDA) level, and catalase (CAT) activity were evaluated. Our results indicated that αM and αM-NLC prevent lipid peroxidation as well as hippocampal CA1, CA3, and CC damage (p<0.05). Only αM-NLC prevented cerebral infarction and enhanced CAT activity (p<0.05). We therefore conclude that αM and αM-NLC have neuroprotective effects against CIRI, and NLC increases therapeutic efficacy of αM against CIRI.
Understanding the Behaviour of Wind Direction in Malaysia during Monsoon Seasons using Replicated Functional Relationship in von Mises Distribution
Authors: Moslim Nor Hafizah , Mokhtar Nurkhairany Amyra , Zubairi Yong Zulina , Hussin Abdul Ghapor
Published: August 2021

In studies of potential wind energy, knowing statistical distribution of wind direction provides useful information in making predictions and gives a better understanding of the behavior of the wind direction. Malaysia experiences two monsoon seasons per year, namely Southwest Monsoon and Northeast Monsoon and in this paper, our interest is to investigate whether the direction of wind data in monsoon seasons can be modelled using replicated LFRM with von Mises distribution. The beauty of this model is that it considers the error terms in both x and y variables. This study considers the bivariate relationship of directional wind data where errors are present in both. Here, we propose a replicated functional relationship model, with the von Mises distribution to describe the relationship of the wind direction data. In the parameter estimation, maximum likelihood method is considered with pseudo-replicated group of the replicated form of the functional relationship. The novelty of this approach is that assumption on the ratio of concentration parameters is no longer deemed necessary. Also, we derive the covariance matrix of the parameters based on Fisher Information. From the Monte Carlo simulation study, small bias measures were obtained, suggesting the viability of the model. Based on the simulation study, it can be concluded that the wind direction of the two monsoons in Malaysia can be modelled using replicated linear functional relationship model.
Temperature, osmotic and acidic activity of infusion solutions as an integral part of their mechanism of action
Authors: Urakova Natalia A.
Published: August 2021

A review of the literature shows that the physical-chemical properties of infusion solutions can be an integral part of the mechanism of their local action on the routes of administration. This new scientific and practical direction in clinical pharmacology was born at the end of the 20th century in Russia. Initially, it was found that isotonic solutions of glucose, mannitol, and sodium chloride with different temperatures have different local effects on the metabolism and viability of isolated biological objects such as mitochondria and blood plasma. At the same time, it was shown that increasing the temperature of solutions from +37 to +45C accelerates the metabolism of these biological objects, increases their reactivity and enhances their response to the action of many drugs-activators of metabolism and function. And vice versa, lowering the temperature of these solutions from +37 to +20C and below (up to 0C) slows down their metabolism, reduces their reactivity, weakens their response to the action of drugs-activators of metabolism and function, and also increases survival in conditions of ischemia and hypoxia. These results allowed us to recommend warm infusion solutions as universal means of activating aerobic metabolism in tissues and the response of tissues to drugs with local physical-chemical action, and cold infusion solutions as universal means of inhibiting aerobic metabolism in tissues and increasing the resistance of tissues to the action of drugs on them. Following this, it was shown that many infusion solutions do not have isoosmotic activity, since the osmotic activity of drugs is not controlled. Therefore, one part of the solutions has hypotonic activity, and the other part has hypertonic activity. Therefore, sometimes the infusion solution can increase the hypoosmotic or hyperosmotic activity of the blood plasma. Then it was shown that the absolute majority of infusion solutions do not have a pH of 7.4. At the same time, very many infusion solutions have acidic activity, so they have an acidifying effect on the blood. The chronology of the development of inventions based on the achievements of the physical-chemical pharmacology of infusion agents is shown.
The COVID-19 Vaccine and the Future of International Laws in Business, Travel, and Trade
Authors: Lane Melanie
Published: August 2021

Since COVID-19, the world has been constantly evolving to adapt. Finding a cure quickly became the focus worldwide which altered set approaches to intellectual property rights. Additionally, creating a controversial vaccine has led to several more questions for the future. With varying vaccines and standards throughout the world, travel, business, and trade may face new challenges which change the current systems.
Image guided biopsy/FNAC in head and neck cancers in covid 19 pandemic
Authors: Kantharia Rajesh A , Ganta Roopa , Kantharia Shehnaz R , Shah Bhavin Bhupendra
Published: August 2021

Suspected growth in the region of base of tongue, pharynx, and larynx need direct/indirect laryngoscopy for establishing Diagnosis and for Staging of the disease. The Covid 19 Pandemic has severely affected these modes of examination because they are Aerosol Generating Procedures and carry very high risk of transmission of the Virus. The Department of Head And Neck Oncosurgery at KCHRC is one of the busiest department at our Institute with an average annual footfall of around 20,000 new patients. The main objective of our study is to know the role of Image Guided Biopsy/FNAC for primary diagnosis in Head and Neck Cancers.

Retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data of 35 patients was done from April to September 2020. Histopathological records along with patient’s clinical records were reviewed.

Of the 35 patients, 23 patients underwent CT Guided biopsies, 11 patients had CT Guided FNA and one patient had USG guided biopsy. In 23 patients (CT Guided Biopsy), the biopsy was taken from tongue in 16 patients, Larynx in two patient, Pyriform sinus(PFS), posterior pharyngeal wall, RMT (retromolar trigone), lower GBS and Tonsil sites had one patient each. Of the 11 CT Guided FNAC patients, the site of FNA was from PFS in 7 patients, Tongue in 2 patients RMT and soft palate had one patient each. One patient had undergone USG Guided biopsy for PFS lesion. Out of 35 patients, tissue specimen taken was adequate in 33 patients and inadequate in two patients. The results were supported both histologically and clinically. The histological confirmation was found in 88.6% cases (31/35), squamous cell carcinoma was found in 74.3% cases (26/35), no malignancy in 8.5% cases(3/35), no specific lesion in 5.7% cases(2/35), no definitive diagnosis in 2.8% cases(1/35) and in inadequate in 8.5% cases(3/35). Repeat biopsy in one patient revealed no malignancy. There were no post procedure complications noted.

Image guided biopsy/FNAC is a safe, reliable minimally invasive technique and can be used for primary diagnosis of Head and Neck cancers without the risk of Aerosol generation in the current Covid -19 Pandemic.
Anatomical variation in arterial supply of liver – Case study
Authors: Kumar Dinesh , Dave Mitesh R
Published: August 2021

The variations of blood supply of liver is of great importance for general surgery, particularly hepatic surgery. Blood supply of liver is significant for liver transplantations, radiological procedures, and laparoscopic method of operation and for the healing of penetrating injuries, including the space close to the hepatic area.

The pattern of the normal vascular system of the liver comes from the common hepatic artery (CHA), originating from the celiac trunk. The gastroduodenal artery (GDA), right gastric artery (RGA) and proper hepatic artery (PHA) are the main branches of the CHA. After that, the division of the PHA composes the left and right hepatic branches.

During a routine dissection with medical students from the Department of Anatomy, Parul institute of Medical sciences and research Vadodara, We found on one cadaver that the blood supply of the liver differed from a normal blood supply of liver.

In one cadaver we found that liver is supplied by a direct branch from celiac trunk and in same cadaver liver is also supplied by proper hepatic artery.

The knowledge about the variations in hepatic arterial anatomy is very important for surgical gastroenterologists and interventional radiologists for preoperative planning and intraoperative imaging during procedures like liver transplantation, cholecystectomy, gastrectomy, hiatal hernia repair, trans-arterial chemotherapy and hepatic arteriography.
Entre acordadas y gendarmes. La organización de la policía rural en Jalisco durante el siglo XIX
Authors: Isais Contreras Miguel Ángel
Published: August 2021

El artículo detalla algunas de las experiencias que el gobierno del estado de Jalisco tuvo que ensayar en materia de seguridad pública durante el siglo XIX. La inestabilidad política y económica dentro del territorio y del país, como indicios de una fragilidad del Estado, dieron origen a la organización de fuerzas civiles de seguridad comúnmente denominadas acordadas, en alusión al extinto tribunal colonial que operó como policía rural. No fue sino hasta la segunda mitad del siglo XIX cuando el gobierno jalisciense comenzó a diseñar una policía estatal, ya no al mando de particulares sino del propio gobierno: la gendarmería del estado.
El BID: Vol. 23, no. 3, marzo 1996
Authors:   Inter-American Development Bank
Published: August 2021

EL BID informa sobre el desarrollo económico y social de América Latina y el Caribe y sobre las actividades del Banco. Se publica 10 veces al año en ingles, español, portugués y francés.
A judicialização da saúde
Authors: Mayernyik Marcelo de Almeida , Franco Túlio Batista
Published: August 2021

A judicialização é fruto da complexidade da vida humana no meio político, econômico e social, com o envolvimento de diversos protagonistas, de distintas percepções e perspectivas, no espaço de disputa da microjustiça, ou seja, desde o início do conflito, o manejo, até o seu desfecho, mobilizando tanto o sistema de saúde quanto o sistema de justiça, na produção do cuidado com o cidadão. O objetivo deste estudo é investigar essa ideia de cuidado, do ponto de vista dos representantes do Judiciário, do Executivo e do próprio cidadão, assim como compreender a dinâmica entre a política da vida e a política sobre a vida, entre a biopotência e o biopoder, no contexto da judicialização de medicamentos no estado do Rio de Janeiro, no Brasil. A metodologia adotada para esta pesquisa contempla a abordagem qualitativa integrada com a análise da retórica dos relatos dos entrevistados. Ao final, com base nos argumentos processuais e nos relatos dos participantes da pesquisa, é possível identificar distintos parâmetros éticos que, presentes tanto nos argumentos processuais como no agir cotidiano dos participantes, orientam as tomadas de decisões e, por fim, refletir como tais parâmetros operam como potência de vida ou potência de morte para uma ética de cuidado.
The concept of the activities of officials of border authorities in the conduct of an administrative investigation in cases of administrative offenses
Authors: Zakharov P.A.
Published: August 2021

. In this article, based on the analysis of the main elements of the activities of officials of border agencies in the conduct of administrative investigation in cases of administrative offenses, its general and specific characteristics are highlighted, which together allowed the author to propose a definition of the investigated type of activity. Not only the current legal regulation in the field of application of the administrative investigation specified in Article 28.7 of the Administrative Code, but also the inconsistency of the emerging scientific-categorical apparatus of the affected subject area are subjected to critical consideration.
Acute Pulmonary Embolism in Women: Focus on Estrogen Therapy as a Predisposing Factor
Authors: Aghajani Hassan , Aghajani Mahboobeh , Ghodsi Saeed , Jenab Yaser , Hajhossein Talasaz Azita , Ghram Amine , Tofighi Saeed
Published: August 2021

Acute pulmonary embolism (APE) is a potentially fatal disorder. The literature shows that estrogen therapy is correlated with an increase in mortality and morbidity. Accordingly, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the prevalence and prognostic significance of the recent history of estrogen therapy in women with APE. This study was conducted on female patients admitted to our hospital between January 2008 and January 2016. A total of 276 patients (mean age=62.66±08 y) with confirmed APE were divided into groups with and without recent estrogen therapy. The relationships between estrogen and clinical findings, risk factors, imaging findings, and in-hospital mortality were analyzed. Among the 276 women with APE at presentation, 37 (13.4%) patients had a recent history of estrogen therapy. The estrogen group had a lower frequency of hypertension (21.6% vs49.8%; P< .001), immobilization of at least 3 days (16.2% vs 33.5%; P= .035), and pleural effusion (0% vs16.7%; P= .007) than the group without recent estrogen use. Among the 276 patients, the rate of 1 year’s mortality was 15.8% for the group without recent estrogen therapy. No death occurred in the estrogen group. Older age, tachycardia, tachypnea, malignancy, and lack of obesity were the predictors of 1 year’s mortality. Among the patients with APE in our study, 13.4% had a history of recent estrogen therapy. No death occurred during the 1-year follow-up of these patients.
Evaluation of Factors Affecting Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Device Adherence in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome
Authors: Metin Mehmet , Avcu Mustafa
Published: August 2021

Background and Objective: Many patients reject continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment, cannot tolerate it, do not use the machine correctly, or do not fully comply with CPAP use. We aimed to evaluate the factors contributing to the non-adherence of patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS).
Materials and Methods: The study was conducted as face-to-face interviews with 183 patients diagnosed with OSAS and 79 partners. The patients were classified as those who stopped treatment (Group 1, n = 38), those with insufficient treatment (Group 2, n = 33), and those who continued treatment (Group 3, n = 112).
Results: The total 183 patients comprised 132 (71.1%) men. A negative correlation was between continuation of treatment and the thought that there was no benefit from the treatment (r = -0.457, P = 0.001). A positive correlation was between partner support and treatment adherence (r = 0.371, P < 0.001). In the multivariate model, the most significant patient-related reasons for terminating positive airway pressure (PAP) were determined as insufficient partner support and the thought that there was no benefit from the device. The partners of patients with good treatment adherence reported that during the treatment period, there was an increase in their own daily performance and mental energy and a marked improvement in daytime sleepiness (P < 0.001 for all).
Conclusion: PAP device adherence is affected by many factors. It was shown in this study that the spousal factor is just as important as the patient in the treatment process as a whole, and to achieve adherence, the partner must be included in the process.
An Anti-Snoring Oral Appliance to Reduce Simple Snoring as a Non-Invasive Method for Management of Snoring: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Edalatifard Maryam , Albaji Maryam , Rahimi Besharat
Published: August 2021

Background and Objective: Simple snoring affects millions of people and their partners in the world and it indicates increased upper airways resistance and pharyngeal collapsibility. Snoring, particularly loud and habitual, may indicate obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).
Case Report: The presenting patient was a middle-aged man with chief compliant of snoring, who was diagnosed with simple snoring after undergoing an overnight polysomnography (PSG). By using a simple oral appliance that retracted the tongue and improved airway patency, snoring improved completely.
Conclusion: Simple snoring is a common condition and after excluding OSA, particularly in suspected patients, it can be managed by some instructions and interventions such as using available oral appliances.
A Review on Diagnostic Methods for Trichomonas Vaginalis
Authors: Rahmani Fatemeh , Ehteshaminia Yahya , Mohammadi Hamid , Mahdavi Seif Ali
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Trichomoniasis is the most common non-viral sexually transmitted infection in the world, caused by the protozoan parasite Trichomonas vaginalis, which infects the urogenital tract of men and women. Approximately, 250 million new cases of Trichomonas vaginalis Infection are reported worldwide each year. Trichomoniasis is also considered an important HIV co-infection. The infection is often asymptomatic but can be accompanied by symptoms such as severe inflammation, itching and irritation, foamy discharge, and malodorous smell mucus, but the signs and symptoms of the disease are not sufficient for specific diagnosis.

Material and Methods: In this study, the websites of PubMed, Google Scholar, SID, and Margiran were searched and related articles were reviewed.

Results: Only screening and the use of highly sensitive and specific diagnostic methods can identify asymptomatic individuals. Today, the most common way to diagnose the infection is to use wet slide, Pap smear and culture methods that do not have high sensitivity and specificity. Also, due to the increase in infection and its complications, finding an efficient, rapid, and easy test to detect the parasite and differentiate Trichomoniasis vaginitis from other sexually transmitted diseases is considered important and necessary.

Conclusion: Nowadays, there are several diagnostic methods that differentiate trichomoniasis infection from other sexually transmitted infections with high accuracy and sensitivity. Of course, existing diagnostic methods mostly use women's urine and vaginal samples for diagnosis, and methods that specifically diagnose the infection in men are more limited.
Aplicação da Produção Mais Limpa (P+L) para melhoria da gestão de efluentes em processo de pré-impressão de bobinas de papel - um estudo de caso em uma empresa de embalagens de Curitiba
Authors: Grillón Giovanna , Maceno Marcell Mariano Corrêa , Lacerda Matheus Tavares , Fiatkoski Marcelo Vitor
Published: August 2021

A demanda mundial por água tem aumentado por diferentes razões, tais como mudanças nos padrões de consumo da população, e mesmo pelo aumento do ritmo de produção dos mercados. Além disso, a escassez hídrica vivida por muitos países, dentre eles o Brasil, faz ressaltar a necessidade de uso consciente e preservação do recurso água, seja pelas pessoas ou pelas empresas. Desta forma, o presente artigo teve como objetivo elaborar um plano de ação para a falta de tratamento dos efluentes gerados pelo processo de pré-impressão de bobinas de papel, realizado em uma grande empresa de embalagens em Curitiba. Conduzido pela metodologia Produção Mais Limpa (P+L), cumpriram-se seis etapas para chegar ao resultado final: realizar o plano de ação para a implementação da oportunidade de melhoria selecionada. Desta forma, após a execução do plano de ação, espera-se reutilizar 95% da água proveniente do efluente tratado e reduzir o consumo hídrico da fábrica em 2,45% por mês.  Assim, pretende-se atingir nível 2 da metodologia Produção Mais Limpa, o que reduziria o impacto ambiental causado pelo efluente oriundo do processo de pré-impressão de bobinas de papel.
La resiliencia en familias del ejército colombiano con un miembro privado de la libertad
Authors: Jaramillo Moreno Ricardo A. , Cuervo Ríos Juan Carlos , Andrade Fuentes Rosana Cecilia , Pérez Pineda Diana Patricia
Published: August 2021

Se realizó un estudio cualitativo de recursos resilientes en familias del ejército colombiano con un miembro privado de la libertad por motivos de servicio. En el estudio participaron 16 familias que acudieron a los centros de detención del ejército. Los resultados generales mostraron que la experiencia del encarcelamiento transformó la identidad y el funcionamiento de la familia en términos de cohesión, comunicación horizontal, lazos de afecto, apego y cooperación, liderazgo materno, cooperación de la familia extensa y extensión del apoyo a otros sistemas familiares. Además, ante la crisis surgieron recursos resilientes como la adaptación creativa a los momentos de crisis, la autoconfianza, la actitud positiva, el sentido del humor, la creatividad, la colaboración, el compromiso, la autorregulación emocional y el fortalecimiento de la espiritualidad.
Construcción de subjetividad: desde y para la comunicación digital interactiva
Authors: Ortega Enríquez Angie Lisseth , Quintero Valderrama Jimmy Jailer
Published: August 2021

Este artículo reflexivo enmarca la relación de la construcción de subjetividad de lo político – la política desde y para la comunicación digital interactiva. El mundo de las redes sociales ha ido recreando nuevas formas de relacionarse, comunicarse, compartir y crear contenido, saberes, comunidades, espacios y atemporalidades de interacción entre usuarios y el mundo, lo que ha llevado al sujeto a ampliar las formas de pensar, sentir y hacer. La intencionalidad de este ejercicio se ubica en esbozar la construcción de subjetividad de lo político - la política a partir del uso de las redes sociales y la necesidad de pensarse sobre el sentido y el rol de la educación en un mundo caracterizado por la singularidad, la multiplicidad, lo mutante, lo híbrido, la diferencia y lo común, la micropolítica entre otros aspectos que componen la vida y construcción del individuo, la adquisición de ideas y el ejercicio de poder.
Local Allergic Inflammation in Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps Could Influence on Disease Severity and Olfaction
Authors: Youn Byung kee , Kim Dong-Kyu , Kim Byung Hum , Kim Hyung Gu , Jeong Jin Hyeok , Cho Seok Hyun
Published: August 2021

Background and Objectives: Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is a multifactorial disease resulting from inflammation of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. Systemic allergic inflammation is an important cause of CRSwNP; however, the effect of local allergic inflammation is unclear. This study was designed to investigate the effect of local allergic inflammation in CRSwNP.Materials and Methods: The study included 11 patients with CRSwNP and 18 control subjects. Olfactory function was measured with the Korean Version of Sniffin’s stick test. Nasal lavage fluids (NLFs) were collected from all subjects and analyzed for total IgE, eosinophilic cationic protein (ECP), and cytokines (tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-α, interleukin [IL]-4, IL-10, IL-17A, interferon-γ). Flow cytometry was used to measure various inflammatory cells in the NAL fluids.Results: On analysis of flow cytometry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, we found that CRSwNP patients had significantly increased eosinophil (%) and ECP levels in NLFs. In addition, there was significant local-systemic correlation between ECP level in NLFs and blood eosinophils (%) (r=0.391); however, there was no significant association between eosinophils (%) in NLFs and blood eosinophils. Moreover, in CRSwNP patients, the severity of disease was related with blood eosinophil (%), eosinophil (%), and ECP levels in NLFs, whereas olfactory function was associated with blood eosinophil (%) and ECP levels in NLFs.Conclusion: CRSwNP is a disease with high allergic inflammation that has negative impacts on the severity of disease and olfactory function. Therefore, we suggest that control of local allergic inflammation will be helpful to treat CRSwNP patients.
Growth and Productivity of Oats (Avena sativa L.) as Influenced by Fly Ash and Phosphorous Levels in Indo-Gangetic Plains of India
Authors: Dhillon Balwinder Singh , Kaur Mandeep
Published: August 2021

Background: Dairy farming is one of the oldest and well established subsidiary occupation and most widely adopted by all over farming community of Punjab state. Every farmer, if wish to start any entrepreneurship along with agriculture-First Think upon Dairy Farming. The latest training, new techniques and research work help in making this business work better. There is a need for substantial increase in the current yield of green fodder to provide complete and good quality feed to the animals. The current study aimed to study the effect of fly ash and phosphorous on the growth and fodder and grain yields of dual purpose oats. Methods: Field experiments were conducted at Research Farm, College of Agriculture, Guru Kashi University, Talwandi Sabo, Bathinda to study the effect of different levels of fly ash and phosphorous on growth and productivity of oats during rabi seasons in 2018-19 and 2019-20. The trial was laid out in split plot design with three levels of fly ash (0, 5 and 10 t ha-1) in main plot and four phosphorous levels (0, 10, 20 and 40 kg P2O5 ha-1) in sub plot, replicated thrice. Result: Fly ash @ 10 t ha-1 recorded highest plant height, dry matter accumulation, leaf area index, number of effective tillers/m row length, number of seeds/spike, 1000-grain weight, grain yield, straw yield and biological yield than control and 5 t ha-1. The per cent increase of grain yield in fly ash @ 10 t ha-1 was 8.69 and 18.11 over 5 t fly ash ha-1 and control, respectively. Phosphorous @ 40 kg P2O5 ha-1 resulted in higher growth characters, yield attributing characters and productivity of oats. Phosphorous @ 40 kg P2O5 ha-1 (21.35 q ha-1) and 20 kg P2O5 ha-1 (20.87 q ha-1) treatments produced statistically similar grain yield of oats. Phosphorous @ 20 and 40 kg P2O5 ha-1 recorded 20.29 and 23.05% higher grain yield than 0 kg P2O5 ha-1, respectively. Application of P2O5 @ 40 kg ha-1 along with application of fly ash @ 5 and 10 t ha-1 produced statistically similar fodder yield of oats. The highest grain yield (22.97 q ha-1) was recorded in plots treated with the application of P2O5 @ 40 kg ha-1 along with the application of fly ash @ 10 t ha-1 and it was statistically at par with 20 kg P2O5 ha-1 and application of fly ash @ 10 t ha-1. The highest grain yield (22.97 q ha-1) was recorded in plots applied with P2O5 @ 40 kg ha-1 along with fly ash @ 10 t ha-1 and it was statistically at par with 20 kg P2O5 ha-1 and fly ash @ 10 t ha-1.
Pattern of N Mineralization and Nutrient Uptake of Tithonia diversifolia and Saccharum officinarum Leaves in Sandy Loam Soil
Authors: Farni Yulfita , Prijono Sugeng , Suntari Retno , Handayanto Eko
Published: August 2021

Background: This study aimed to determine the pattern of N mineralization of tithonia (Tithonia diversifolia) and sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) leaves and assess the uptake of N nutrients in maize by giving T. diversifolia and S. officinarum leaves with different qualities on sandy loam soil. Methods: The research used a completely randomized design (CRD) with following treatment: T1 (100% T. diversifolia), T2 (100% S. officinarum), T3 (75% T. diversifolia: 25% S. officinarum), T4 (50% S. officinarum: 50% T. diversifolia), T5 (25% T. diversifolia leaves: 75% S. officinarum), T6 (without T. diversifolia and S. officinarum or control). Result: The results showed that the N mineralization pattern of the organic matter combination was significantly higher than the control for all observations. The amount of N mineral released in each treatment was T1 (54.58-529.7 mg/kg), T2 (41.80-381 mg/kg), T3 (47.69-473.6 mg/kg), T4 (46.70-424.0 mg/kg), T5 (70.69-378.9 mg/kg) and T6 (47.14-303.6 9 mg/kg). The sequence of cumulative N release during 12 weeks of incubation was T1 (529 mg/kg) greater than T3 (573.6 mg/kg) greater than T4 (424.0 mg/kg) greater than T2 (381 mg/kg) greater than T5 (378.9 mg/kg) greater than T6 (303.6 mg/kg). These results suggested that T. diversifolia and S. officinarum leaves significantly increased N nutrient uptake in maize by 125% to 144.54%.
​Impact of A Selected Mycorrhizal Complex and A Rhizobacterial Species on Tomato Plants’ Growth under Water Stress Conditions
Authors: Afafe Slimani , Oumaima Harkousse , Amine Mazri Mouaad , Abdelmajid Zouahri , Lahcen Ouahmane , Tayeb Koussa , Najib Al Feddy Mohamed
Published: August 2021

Background: Plant strategies for adapting to drought could be improved by associations between plant roots and soil microorganisms, including arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). In this study, the impact of a selected AMF complex and a selected PGPR species on the growth of tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) under induced water stress was evaluated. Methods: Three different inoculation treatments were applied to tomato seedlings (a complex of AMF composed mainly of Glomus genus a Bacillus sp. PGPR treatment and a combination of both) and three different water levels (75%, 50% and 25% of field capacity). Result: A significant damaging impact of drought on tomato growth parameters and root mycorrhizal colonization, although the presence of microbes stimulated tomato plants growth and decreased the impact ofdrought stress. Indeed inoculated plants presented greater heights, fresh and dry weights, leaves number and area; greater water status; and greater proteins, sugars and chlorophylls contents either with the AMF complex or the Bacillus sp. in normal and drought stress conditions compared to the non-inoculated plants. However dual inoculation recorded the highest values under all water levels treatments.
Assessing the Importance of Work for People with Disabilities at Auchan, Portugal
Authors: Nogueira Marta Alexandra Gonçalves , Sousa Célia Maria Adão de Oliveira Aguiar de
Published: August 2021

The inclusion of People with Disabilities (PwD's) in the labor market is a challenge and a great opportunity for companies. This inclusion process has the power to generate a great social impact in the life of PwD since they can be paid and can also play an important role that makes them feel proud and useful to society. However, this community faces many difficulties both in their inclusion and during their day-to-day work. This paper, therefore, focuses on exploring and understanding how organizations welcome these workers, what emotions they feel and how they manage them, and how well communication takes place in this context. A mixed methodology was used, with recourse to qualitative and quantitative research. Fifty disabled workers and 314 of their co-workers, employees of the Auchan Portugal Group, participated in the study. The results showed that PwD's recognize their emotions when interacting with their co-workers, but most of them disguise themselves when they feel discomfort. The feeling/emotion that mostly characterizes the daily professional life of these people is pride, which refers to the importance that work plays in their daily lives. As for organizational communication, PwD's consider it to be accessible. It was also possible to notice that although most PwD feel integrated, they suggest greater sensitivity from the employer, adapted work, and more accessibility in the workplace.
Judicial Judgments and Non-Privative Measures of Freedom: Legal Criteria and Social Impacts
Authors: Vicente José , Loureiro Susana
Published: August 2021

This paper focuses on the main lines of action that guide the debate between social and legal issues in the attribution of non-custodial penalties. The emphasis is specifically placed on the vulnerability to social exclusion and how to categorize offenders. This begins from the premise that certain stigmatizing attributes and relationships put the person in a position of fragility that conditions them to live their citizenship to the full. It is well known that the social rules and laws instituted at national level exist to condition and establish limits among citizens in order to promote healthy coexistence and non-compliance, which is punishable by law. Infractions are based on the social inadequacy or pathological disability of some citizens. The existence of social control mechanisms is felt by a large part of the community as a means of security and an advantage in guaranteeing the stability and sustainability of the social structure and organization. In this context, the judicial sentences with penalties and non-custodial measures are in force in the legal system with the principle of deterring offenders and reducing the contagion of experiences in the prison context. The judicial penalties, which initially were seen as merely having a compensatory function to the evil of crime, are answered with the evil of the penalties. This evolved to the current conception, and the purposes that should guide the application of the penalties are exclusive, preventive, general, and special. This change in perspective happens because the socialization of the agent assumes a preponderant role today in determining the judicial sentence (private or non-custodial sentences) to be applied in order to contribute to its regeneration, re-education, re-socialization or social reintegration. From the data collected, in the latest reports prepared in Portugal by the Directorate-General for Rehabilitation and Prison Services and by the Statistics Services of Justice, it is clearly seen that there has been a concern by judges/magistrates to articulate with these and other community structures to collect social information and social reports. This is done so that the penalties are attributed fairly, in order to take into account the regenerative character and to promote the social and professional reintegration of the offenders.
Addressing Religious Inequalities as a Means of Preventing Atrocity Crimes: The Case of the Uyghur Genocide
Authors: Ochab Ewelina U.
Published: August 2021

There is a big distance between religious inequalities and atrocity crimes. Indeed, religious inequalities do not necessarily lead to atrocity crimes; however, in certain cases they can. Examples of cases that portray this progression are those of Yazidis and Christian minorities in Iraq, and the Rohingya community in Myanmar. In certain situations, analysing religious inequalities can help to identify risk factors of genocidal atrocities, so a question that naturally arises is: can addressing religious inequalities help to mitigate and prevent atrocity crimes based on religion or belief? This paper focuses on the situation of the Uyghur population in China, where they are being persecuted for their religion or belief. It considers the law on freedom of religion or belief and other laws affecting the enjoyment of rights by Uyghurs in China as the foundation of religious inequalities. The paper further considers the deterioration of the Uyghurs’ circumstances by analysing some of the recent reported treatment of them against frameworks relevant to atrocity crimes, namely the UN Framework of Analysis for Atrocity Crimes and the Jacob Blaustein Institute for the Advancement of Human Rights Compilation of Risk Factors and Legal Norms for the Prevention of Genocide.
Community Leave No One Behind: Handbook For Practitioners
Authors: Shukla J.P. , Verma Anupma
Published: August 2021

Community-Leave No One Behind (CLNOB) is a new participatory approach to identify both challenges and solutions in community's journeys towards ODF-S. It has been designed to be integrated into Phase II of the Swachh Bharat Mission-Grameen (SBM-G). The government of India has issued the guidelines for Phase II of SBM-G, of which one of the guiding principles is ensuring that no one is left behind. CLNOB demonstrates a way to achieve this goal. It encourages communities to identify gaps in sanitation coverage and use and promote actions they can take themselves. The purposes of this handbook are two-fold: first to inform policymakers and stakeholders at all levels about this new initiative, and second to provide guidance to facilitators and practitioners for CLNOB implementation. This handbook is a living document and will be updated and refined after more field experiences are conducted. It is based on limited experience from a small pilot carried out between June and October 2020 during the challenging environment of the COVID-19 pandemic.
The Bolshevik myth of October 1917
Authors: Ciesielski Stanisław
Published: August 2021

Bolshevik mythology presented the events of October 1917 as an effect of the operating laws of history, i.e. a necessary phenomenon through which the sense of history manifested, and, at the same time, as an effect of the activity of the masses led by the Bolshevik Party, an act in the power struggle. The Bolshevik myth of October 1917 was a founding myth; it created an impression that there had come a “new era in the history of humankind”, ending “all forms of exploitation”. It legitimised the government established at the time as one rooted in the revolution opening this new era and representing the most profound interests of a class that was to abolish the most tragic division in the history of humankind — class division. The myth of October had to have its collective and individual heroes. From this point of view its content was described in the most succinct manner by the following formula: the Great October Socialist Revolution was carried out by the working class allied with the poor peasantry led by the Bolshevik Party headed by Lenin. The cult of Lenin was primarily a cult of a victorious revolution and party leader that had led the masses to a triumph. Almost identical formulas were used by Stalin, Khrushchev and Gorbachev. However, the real heroes of the revolution were the Bolshevik themselves, their party and their leaders. In Stalinist times the main protagonist of the October myth was the “Bolshevik Party of Lenin-Stalin”. The leading role in the party became a crucial element of Bolshevik mythology, independent of political transformations and turns in the USSR.