bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of Electrochromic (EC) and Gasochromic (GC) Glazing for Buildings in Aspect of Energy Efficiency
Authors: MARCHWIŃSKI Janusz
Published: October 2021

The paper analyzes the impact of switchable glazing: electrochromic (EC) and gasochromic (GC) on the energy efficiency of the building. Using the analytical and comparative method, the energy-relevant EC and GC glazing features were defined. Secondly, experimental studies on the energy-saving role of EC and GC glazing in various climatic zones were analyzed. The paper aims to define this role. The analyzes were referred to the thermal and lighting aspects. Comparisons were made between the EC and GC technologies, as well as with traditional - “static” types of glazing. The analysis showed differences in the technical characteristics of both technologies. Despite the differences, the results prove a beneficial effect of EC and GC glazing on the reduction of usable energy consumption in the building. The impact is most significant in terms of relieving the cooling and air conditioning systems. In this field, EC glazing was determined a more favorable technology. Further detailed research is required, focusing mainly on the lighting aspect for moderate and cold climate zones. The research was summarized with a collective evaluation of the energy-related role of EC and GC glazing.
Designing Convolutional Neural Network Architecture Using Genetic Algorithms
Authors: Bhandare Ashray , Kaur Devinder
Published: October 2021

In this paper, genetic algorithm (GA) is used to optimally determine the architecture of a convolutional neural network (CNN) that is used to classify handwritten numbers. The CNN is a class of deep feed-forward network, which have seen major success in the field of visual image analysis. During training, a good CNN architecture is capable of extracting complex features from the given training data; however, at present, there is no standard way to determine the architecture of a CNN. Domain knowledge and human expertise are required in order to design a CNN architecture. Typically architectures, The GA determine the exact architecture of a CNN by evolving the various hyper parameters of the architecture for a given application. The proposed method was tested on the MNIST dataset. The results show that the genetic algorithm is capable of generating successful CNN architectures. The proposed method performs the entire process of architecture generation without any human intervention.
Research on ISPs Selection Technology Based on Network Quality Monitoring
Authors: Wang Jian , Wang Zhongsheng
Published: October 2021

With the development of the network era, ISP have become more than one. Users can choose ISP according to personal preference when buying broadband, to provide users with the right to choose. However, with the improvement of network speed and bandwidth, people still feel the network congestion during peak hours. In this paper, users can choose different ISPs dynamically based on network quality monitoring. In this paper, the HTTP protocol of the application layer is used to accurately measure the real Internet situation of users, and the PC is used to actively send data to two network links at the same time, and finally the feedback parameter information can be obtained. According to this protocol, the real loading time of data can be accurately measured and the optimal ISP link can be selected. Then, a one-to-one relationship between the client address and different ISPs is established, and this relationship is saved in the routing table. Users will dynamically choose different ISPs by using the network address translation.
Elisitasi Saponin dalam Kultur Kalus Ginseng Jawa (Talinum paniculatum Gaertn.) Menggunakan Asam Salisilat
Authors: Pono Putri , Restiani Ratih , Adityarini Dwi
Published: October 2021

Ginseng Jawa (Talinum paniculatum Gaertn.) digunakan dalam pengobatan tradisional karena mengandung senyawa metabolit sekunder berupa saponin, tannin, alkaloid, kuinon, steroid, polifenol, flavonoid, dan minyak atsiri. Dari beberapa senyawa metabolit sekunder tersebut, saponin merupakan metabolit sekunder yang dominan dihasilkan oleh ginseng jawa dan diketahui memiliki banyak efek farmakologi. Elisitasi melalui kultur in vitro khususnya kultur kalus dapat digunakan dalam upaya meningkatkan kandungan saponin menggunakan asam salisilat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi asam salisilat dan waktu elisitasi terhadap pertumbuhan kalus dan produksi saponin dalam kultur kalus Talinum paniculatum. Induksi dan produksi kalus T. paniculatum menggunakan media MS dengan kombinasi 2,4-D 2 mg/L + kinetin 3 mg/L. Kalus yang telah memasuki fase stationer (pada hari ke 58) digunakan untuk proses elisitasi. Elisitasi kalus menggunakan variasi konsentrasi asam salisilat 0,5 mM, 0,10 mM, 0,15 mM, 0,20 mM, 0,25 mM, 0,30 mM, 0,35 mM dan waktu inkubasi 3 hari, 6 hari, dan 9 hari. Ekstrak kalus selanjutnya diidentifikasi menggunakan KLT untuk mengetahui kandungan saponinnya melalui luas noda saponin. Penambahan konsentrasi asam salisilat sebesar (0,05 – 0,35 mM) dan waktu elisitasi (3-9 hari) pada kultur kalus T.paniculatum berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan biomassa kalus (0,056 – 0,069 gram) dibandingkan kontrol (0,054 gram) dan kandungan saponin dalam kalus. Kandungan saponin tertinggi sebesar 0,565 cm2pada perlakuan konsentrasi asam salisilat 0,30 mM dengan waktu inkubasi 6 hari
Pemanfaatan Senyawa Metabolit Sekunder Ekstrak Eter Diadema setosum dari Pantai Kukup dan Pantai Sundak Gunungkidul sebagai Antiinflamasi
Authors: Tiffany Yollanda , Prasetyaningsih Aniek , Aditiyarini Dwi
Published: October 2021

Bulu babi atau landak laut merupakan hewan laut yang tergolong dalam kelas Echinoidea. Kelompok hewan dari kelas Echinoidea mempunyai kemampuan menghasilkan metabolit sekunder yang memiliki efek farmakologis seperti antibakteri, antitumor dan kanker, antioksidan, dan antiinflamasi. Salah satu metabolit sekunder dari yang dihasilkan oleh hewan dari kelompok Echinoidea adalah Ovothiol-A yang berpotensi sebagai antiinflamasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari metabolit sekunder dari Diadema setosum yang berasal dari Pantai Selatan Gunungkidul dan studi potensinya sebagai antiinflamasi. Hasil uji KLT dan FTIR menunjukkan bahwa spesies Diadema setosum sebagai salah satu anggota Echinoidea diduga mengandung senyawa Ovothiol-A pada bagian organ maupun cangkangnya. Senyawa diduga sebagai Ovothiol-A yang dihasilkan oleh D. setosum memiliki kemampuan antiinflamasi yang ditunjukkan oleh penyempitan luka pada mencit yang diberi perlakuan ekstrak bagian organ (100%) D.setosum dengan rata-rata penyempitan luka 0,44±0,256 mm/hari. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak D. setosum memiliki senyawa Ovothiol-A yang dapat berfungsi sebagai antiinflamasi. Ekstrak D. setosum bagian organ memiliki kemampuan antiinflamasi yang lebih baik.
Utilization of QR Code for Tracking Digital Expenses
Authors: Lwiantoro Gerardo Axel , Salsabil Farhan Putra , Aditantyo Gregorius A. N. , Suhartono Derwin
Published: October 2021

Today, a lot of us have a lot of digital wallet services that we use. Because of that tracking our spending has become significantly harder because most people use more than one digital wallet. This study aims to find out how can we utilize QR code in the payment receipt at out digital transaction, to keep track on our transaction on various digital wallet. To help keep track of the expenses from the various digital wallet, we use QR code that is generated from the receipt of the transaction that contain the encrypted data of the transaction that occurs. This data can be scanned so it can be added to a personal budget tracker app so the user can manage their digital expenses in one view.
In-situ pumping tests and numerical simulations of seepage wells in the Yellow River valley, China
Authors: Ke Xianmin , Wang Wei , Li Jinlong , Sun Qiming , Lian Lulu , Xu Xiangdong , Lyu Qiaofen
Published: October 2021

Seepage wells that can convert surface water into groundwater are often constructed near river valleys to obtain more water and lead to smaller drawdown compared with traditional wells. Seepage wells have been widely used, whilst the groundwater and river-level variations caused by seepage wells are still unclear, and numerical models are rarely verified due to the lack of in-situ observational data, which may lead to results that are quite different from the actual conditions. To address those limitations, a large-scale pumping test was carried out near the Yellow River valley in China and a coupled seepage–pipe flow model was established using the exchange yield between the aquifer and pipe as the coupling key in this research. The coupled model was evaluated with in-situ measurement. The field observation showed that both the river and groundwater had a positive response to the pumping of the seepage wells. The simulation results indicated that our model can well estimate the pumping rate and drawdown with root-mean-square deviations of 158.235 m3/d and 0.766 m, respectively. Further, it is also found that the groundwater showed the obvious characteristics of three-dimensional flow under the influence of seepage wells and the maximum drawdown should be less than 15 m to ensure exploitation efficiency. These findings provide important information that can guide the design and construction of seepage wells to improve the rational exploitation of groundwater.
O Monismo Físico e a opção dinâmica – ou, por um fisicalismo de forças ou interações como melhor opção na lida com o “Dilema de Hempel” [Physical monism and the dynamic option – or, for a physicalism of forces or interactions as a better option to deal with “Hempel’s Dilemma”]
Authors: Mograbi Gabriel José Corrêa
Published: October 2021

Este artigo escrutina e critica duas das versões mais importantes da tese do monismo físico sustentadas por importantes autores do campo fisicalista ou materialista (Melnyk e Kim), principalmente, no que concerne às suas definições de “físico”. O objetivo é de primeiro problematizar essas versões da tese do monismo para, ao fim, apresentar uma original e própria que se mostra muito mais coerente com nossas atuais visões de mundo e livre de ontologias moribundas e suas versões contemporaneamente recauchutadas ou “reanimadas”. Além de mais consistente com nossa atual visão de mundo, a posição aqui apresentada acaba por ser mais viável ontologicamente, não só pela sua maior viabilidade científica mas, principalmente, pela sua consistência filosófica advinda da concisão axiomática, pungência e dinamismo e, assim, é mais hábil em lidar com o dito dilema de Hempel.
A DESPERSONALIZAÇÃO DAS MULHERES COMO FERRAMENTA DE CONTROLE DAS INSTITUIÇÕES PRISIONAIS PARA ALÉM DA PENA DE RECLUSÃO
Authors: Maia Bruna Aparecida Thalita , Santos Souza Cristiane
Published: October 2021

Pretende-se nesta discussão identificar e refletir acerca do processo de despersonalização de mulheres privadas de liberdade infligido pelas instituições prisionais e compreender a institucionalização através da adequação às normas e condutas obrigatórias. Para refletir tal processo utilizam-se as noções de Erving Goffman de “instituições totais” e “estigma”, bem como a análise sobre a mortificação do eu em instituições fechadas. Este artigo objetiva também avaliar o sistema carcerário a partir de análise interseccional entre gênero, raça e classe, considerando aspectos fundamentais da criminologia crítica em Flauzina como ponto de referência e da discussão das alternativas penais levantadas por Angela Davis. Por fim, levantam-se possíveis formas de subversão à imposição de condutas no sistema carcerário, observando como esses comportamentos no interior das prisões femininas voltam-se à sustentação das individualidades e identidades das mulheres encarceradas, através do trabalho de campo realizado no Conjunto Penal Feminino do Complexo Penitenciário Lemos de Brito, em Salvador/BA.
A CRIMINALIZAÇÃO DA HOMOFOBIA/TRANSFOBIA E O RACISMO ESTRUTURAL
Authors: Ferreira Piccoli Lucas
Published: October 2021

O presente artigo busca construir uma reflexão crítica a respeito da utilização da resposta penal como ferramenta de satisfação de demandas democráticas, tomando como ponto de partida a decisão do Supremo Tribunal Federal na ADO nº 26, que equiparou a conduta homofóbica e transfóbica aos crimes de racismo. Os referenciais teóricos utilizados advêm da sociologia do direito e da abordagem materialista do sistema penal. Após uma breve introdução dogmática, é apresentada uma síntese do funcionamento do sistema penal em uma sociedade de classes, problematizando a viabilidade da sua utilização no combate às opressões estruturais. Após considerar as contribuições da perspectiva materialista sobre o Estado, o direito e o racismo, conclui-se ser equivocada a utilização de ferramentas marcadamente opressoras, como o sistema penal, para a satisfação de demandas democráticas.
PRISÃO SEM FECHADURAS
Authors: Vieira Dantas Caline Mariane , Guerra Carvalho de Almeida Sara
Published: October 2021

O presente estudo trata-se de uma análise fílmica que busca investigar o documentário “Prison With no locks”, visando verificar as interfaces da ressocialização do sistema prisional brasileiro, através da Associação de Proteção e Assistência ao Condenado (APAC). O estudo divide-se em três capítulos. No primeiro momento é feita uma reflexão sobre o Sistema Prisional e o método APAC, explorando-se o método APAC, como um modelo de sistema prisional humanitário que não possui a rigorosidade do sistema tradicional. E por fim, investiga-se os vínculos familiares, a reinserção comunitária e o processo de reintegração através da profissionalização e religião. Conclui-se que apesar da APAC objetivar o fortalecimento de vínculos do sujeito com a sociedade e familiares, ainda disputa com a cultura da punição e desintegração do sujeito. Além disso, ainda há um enfoque religioso unidirecional e pouca atuação com o público feminino.
CRIMINALIZAÇÃO DOS MOVIMENTOS SOCIAIS
Authors: Benitez Martins Carla
Published: October 2021

Este artigo propõe um estudo sobre o impacto das Leis de Organizações Criminosas (Lei n. 12.850 de 2013) e Antiterrorismo (Lei n. 13.260 de 2016) na renovação e intensificação do processo de criminalização de movimentos sociais populares no Brasil. Para tanto, o artigo foi constituído, desde uma análise histórica e dialética, por meio de sucessivas aproximações entre a previsão legal e seus impactos materiais. Inicialmente, realizou-se uma breve exposição da visão teórico-criminológica acerca do tema da política criminal no país. Em seguida, desenvolveu-se uma análise técnico-jurídica das referidas legislações, confrontando-as com episódios empíricos que evidenciam essa criminalização e abordagens sociológicas que possibilitam o reconhecimento dos impactos da aplicação destas normas nas lutas dos movimentos sociais populares por meio de um sistema de justiça com atuação predominantemente punitivista.
GÊNERO E PUNIÇÃO
Authors: Balbuglio Viviane
Published: October 2021

Este artigo, por meio do uso de método qualitativo consistente em estudo de caso, se propõe a refletir sobre a gestão da pena em prisão domiciliar quando mulheres mães de crianças menores de doze anos de idade são as destinatárias da medida. O caso estudado foi o caso Vitória, uma mulher venezuelana, branca, jovem e que fora presa gestante sob acusação de transporte internacional de drogas na cidade de Guarulhos, região metropolitana do estado de São Paulo, no ano de 2015. Este artigo lança luz principalmente para a narrativa de fragmentos da biografia judiciária de Vitória e dois componentes principais do caso: o exercício de direitos materno-reprodutivos de mulheres presas no Brasil e a gestão da pena de Vitória após a saída do cárcere através da prisão domiciliar, aproximando-o até o contexto da pandemia do coronavírus.
IMPROVING ENERGY EFFICIENCY AND ENERGY SAVING AT THE PURTAZOVSKAYA INDUSTRIAL SITE OF LLC “GAZPROM TRANSGAZ SURGUT”
Authors: Polovnikova Lyudmila B. , Polovnikov Boris D.
Published: October 2021

This article describes an original engineering solution for the modernization of electrical heating of a water conduit in the harsh conditions of the North of Western Siberia. The novelty of the proposed solution consists in the introduction of additional control of the switching on of the line from the water intake wells to the water filtration station of the rotational housing complex of the compressor station of the Purtazovskaya industrial site of LLC “Gazprom Transgaz Surgut”. The proposed rationalization solution has no analogues in the field electrical heating of the water conduit.
The relevance of the proposed innovation determines its significance and relevance in the harsh conditions of the North, its application reduces labor costs and determines the economic efficiency and safe transportation of the existing water supply source to the harsh conditions of the North of Western Siberia at the Purtazovskaya compressor station of the Novo-Urengoysky linear production department of the main gas pipelines of LLC “Gazprom Transgaz Surgut”.
The purpose of the study was to propose a rational solution for changing the design power supply system for heating lines for water supply pipelines of a rotational housing complex. The objectives of the study included: analysis of the shortcomings of the design power supply system; proposal of a methodology for modernization of the control system for the operation of electric heating lines; reconstruction of the electrical heating system. A feature of the innovation is the complete autonomy of the compressor station. Electricity is generated by its own power plant. The heat is supplied by its own boiler room. The source of water supply for household drinking and industrial fire-fighting needs is the existing and functioning water intake from underground sources (artesian wells). The only method of industrial electrical heating of pipelines up to thirty kilometers long, which does not require an accompanying network, is the SKIN system.
The research methodology consisted in changing the power supply scheme of heating lines for water supply pipelines and its installation, which made it possible to obtain an up-to-date technical solution for the conditions of the Far North and contributed to an increase in energy efficiency and energy saving.
Multicomponent Reactions in the Synthesis of Antiviral Compounds
Authors: Botta Lorenzo , Cesarini Silvia , Zippilli Claudio , Bizzarri Bruno Mattia , Fanelli Angelica , Saladino Raffaele
Published: October 2021

Background:

Multicomponent reactions are one-pot processes for the synthesis of highly functionalized hetero-cyclic and hetero-acyclic compounds, often endowed with biological activity.

Objective:

Multicomponent reactions are considered green processes with a high atom economy. In addition, they present advantages compared to the classic synthetic methods, such as high efficiency and low waste production.

Methods:

In these reactions, two or more reagents are combined together in the same flask to yield a product containing almost all the atoms of the starting materials.

Results:

The scope of this review is to present an overview of the application of multicomponent reactions in the synthesis of compounds endowed with antiviral activity. The syntheses are classified depending on the viral target.

Conclusion:

Multicomponent reactions can be applied to all the stages of the drug discovery and development process, making them very useful in the search for new agents active against emerging (viral) pathogens.
Organic- or Inorganic-based Nanomaterials: Opportunities and Challenges in the Selection for Biomedicines
Authors: Kankala Ranjith K.
Published: October 2021

:

Since the inception of nanotechnology, several efforts have been dedicated to fabricating diverse
nanodevices with exceptional performance. These innovative constructs have been applied in medicine due to
their tailorable physicochemical properties (chemical composition, optical activity, spectra, and charge) and
morphological attributes (size, shape, and surface area). Moreover, these versatile nanomedicines could
promisingly offer better performance over the conventional therapeutic strategies. Broadly speaking, in terms of
chemical composition, nanobiomaterials are classified into two predominant categories of organic and inorganic-
based components. Despite their success and enormous versatile advancements in the past two decades, the
significant progress towards clinical translation has been hampered by their corresponding intrinsic limitations.
In this perspective, we give a brief overview of these organic- and inorganic-based materials, highlighting opportunities
and challenges towards their utilization in medicine. Finally, we provide an interesting outlook on
the lessons learned and look forward to further developing these materials, emphasizing their potential in clinical
translation.
Alkaloids Exhibit a Meaningful Function as Anticancer Agents by Restraining Cellular Signaling Pathways
Authors: Guo Chong , Yuan Chengfu , Xu Wen , Wang Bei , Gao Yisong , Cai Yuxuan , Zhang Jiali , Wu Zhiyin , Wei Jiameng
Published: October 2021

Alkaloids are nitrogen-containing organic compounds widely found in natural products, which play an essential role in clinical treatment. Cellular signaling pathways in tumors are a series of enzymatic reaction pathways that convert extracellular signals into intracellular signals to produce biological effects. The ordered function of cell signaling pathways is essential for tumor cell proliferation, differentiation, and programmed death. This review describes the antitumor progression mediated by various alkaloids after inhibiting classical signaling pathways; related studies are systematically retrieved and collected through PubMed. We selected the four currently most popular pathways for discussion and introduced the molecular mechanisms mediated by alkaloids in different signaling pathways, including the NF-kB signaling pathway, PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, and P53 signaling pathway. The research progress of alkaloids related to tumor signal transduction pathwa
Triazole as Potent Anti-cancer Agent- A Pharmacophoric Scaffold
Authors: Kala Nidhi , Rahate Kalpana Praveen
Published: October 2021

:

Triazole is the main five-membered Nitrogen-containing basic heterocyclic ring system
reported for their biological activities and compounds with multiple pharmacophores, which fetch
together acquaintance of a target with sympathetic types of the molecule that might interact with
the target. In addition, healthy, adaptable, and scalable chemistry must be employed to achieve the
task. This characteristic feature of triazole would make a good template for a lead cohort library.
The current review article focuses on recent advancements in triazole moiety as an anti-cancer
agent with their mechanism pathways of synthesized analogues.
Evaluation of Maternal and Infantile Levels of Vitamin D in Preterm Infants
Authors: Boskabadi Hassan , Moradi Ali , Zakerihamidi Maryam
Published: October 2021

Introduction:

Vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent during pregnancy and in premature
infants. This study was done to investigate the maternal and infantile levels of vitamin D in
preterm infants.

Methods:

Using available sampling during 2018-2020, the maternal and umbilical cord serum levels
of vitamin D were measured in 294 premature infants in Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad, Iran. A researcher-
made questionnaire consisting of neonatal demographic and clinical characteristics was
used as the data collection tool. Both maternal and placental vitamin D levels were categorized into
four classes: severe deficiency (vitamin D<10 ng/ml), moderate deficiency (10.1≤vitamin D≤20
ng/ml), mild deficiency (20.1≤vitamin D≤30 ng/ml) and normal (vitamin D >30.1ng ml).

Results:

Vitamin D deficiency was seen in 89% of premature infants (46.6% severe, 30.6% moderate,
and 11.9% mild). Serum levels of vitamin D were 18.28±13.94 ng/ml and 14.10±9.70 ng/ml in
mothers and infants, respectively. The infants below and above 32 weeks exhibited vitamin D values
of 10.97±6.31 ng/ml and 18.05±11.64 ng/ml, respectively. The difference in vitamin D levels
between boys (12.59±8.40 ng/ml) and girls (16.05±11.45 ng/ml) was found to be significant
(P=0.009). Moderate and severe vitamin D deficiency was more common at earlier pregnancy ages
(P=0.001).

Conclusion:

Vitamin D deficiency is more common and severe in preterm infants and their
mothers. Controlling vitamin D levels during pregnancy, especially in women at risk of preterm labor
and preterm infants, may help reduce prematurity problems.
Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy for Acetaminophen-related Liver Injury:
A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Experimental Studies In
Vivo
Authors: Zhou Shuisheng , Xu Chengfang , Wang Li , Zhang Yiwen , Zhong Jiajun , Zhang Yuan
Published: October 2021

Objective:

The efficacy of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy in acetaminophen-induced
liver injury has been investigated in animal experiments, but individual studies with a small
sample size cannot be used to draw a clear conclusion. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review
and meta-analysis of preclinical studies to explore the potential of using MSCs in acetaminophen-
induced liver injury.

Methods:

Eight databases were searched for studies reporting the effects of MSCs on acetaminophen
hepatoxicity. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses
(PRISMA) guidelines were used. SYRCLE’s risk of bias tool for animal studies was applied to
assess the methodological quality. A meta-analysis was performed by using RevMan 5.4 and STATA/
SE 16.0 software.

Results:

Eleven studies involving 159 animals were included according to PRISMA statement
guidelines. Significant associations were found for MSCs with the levels of alanine transaminase
(ALT) (standardized mean difference (SMD) - 2.58, p < 0.0001), aspartate aminotransferase (AST)
(SMD - 1.75, p = 0.001), glutathione (GSH) (SMD 3.7, p < 0.0001), superoxide dismutase (SOD)
(SMD 1.86, p = 0.022), interleukin 10 (IL-10) (SMD 5.14, p = 0.0002) and tumor necrosis factor-α
(TNF-α) (SMD - 4.48, p = 0.011) compared with those in the control group. The subgroup analysis
showed that the tissue source of MSCs significantly affected the therapeutic efficacy (p < 0.05).

Conclusion:

Our meta-analysis results demonstrate that MSCs could be a potential treatment for acetaminophen-
related liver injury. The protocol for this meta-analysis was prospectively registered
in PROSPERO (Number: CRD42020212677).
BDselect: A Package for k-mer Selection Based on the Binomial Distribution
Authors: Dao Fu-Ying , Lv Hao , Zhang Zhao-Yue , Lin Hao
Published: October 2021

Background:

Dimension disaster is often associated with feature extraction. The extracted
features may contain more redundant feature information, which leads to the limitation of computing
ability and overfitting problems.

Objective:

Feature selection is an important strategy to overcome the problems from dimension disaster.
In most machine learning tasks, features determine the upper limit of the model performance. Therefore,
more and more feature selection methods should be developed to optimize redundant features.

Methods:

In this paper, we introduce a new technique to optimize sequence features based on the binomial
distribution (BD). Firstly, the principle of the binomial distribution algorithm is introduced in detail.
Then, the proposed algorithm is compared with other commonly used feature selection methods on
three different types of datasets by using a Random Forest classifier with the same parameters.

Results:

The results confirm that BD has a promising improvement in feature selection and classification
accuracy.

Conclusion:

Finally, we provide the source code and executable program package (http: //lingroup.
cn/server/BDselect/), by which users can easily perform our algorithm in their researches.
Comparing the Efficacy and Safety of Dexmedetomidine/Ketamine with
Propofol/Fentanyl for Sedation in Colonoscopy Patients: A Doubleblinded
Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Aminnejad Reza , Hormati Ahmad , Shafiee Hamed , Alemi Faezeh , Hormati Maryam , Saeidi Mohammad , Ahmadpour Sajjad , Sabouri Seyed Mahdi , Aghaali Mohammad
Published: October 2021

Background:

In this double-blinded randomized clinical trial, we aimed to compare the
safety and efficacy of a combination of dexmedetomidine and ketamine (DK) with propofol and
fentanyl (PF) for sedation in colonoscopy patients.

Methods:

In this study, 64 patients who underwent colonoscopy were randomized into two groups:
1) A, which received PF, and 2) B, which received DK for sedation. Among 64 patients, 31 patients
were included in PF, and 33 patients were included in the DK group. Both groups were similar
in terms of demographics. Patients’ sedation score (based on Ramsay sedation scale) and vital
signs were recorded at 2, 5, 10, and 15 minutes. Complications including apnea, hypotension, hypoxia,
nausea, and vomiting, along with gastroenterologist satisfaction and patients’ pain score
(based on Wong-Baker faces pain assessment scale), were recorded by a checklist. Data were analyzed
by SPSS v.18 software, using chi-square, independent t-tests, and repeated measures analysis
with p<0.05 as the criterion for significant differences.

Results:

The mean score of sedation was 4.82±0.49 in the DK group and 5.22±0.45 in the PF
group (p value=0.001). Serious complications, including hypotension (p value=0.005) and apnea
(p value=0.10) were significantly higher in the PF group. Satisfaction of gastroenterologist (p value=
0.400) and patients’ pain score (p value = 0.900) were similar among groups.

Conclusion:

Combination of DK provides sufficient sedation with fewer complications in comparison
with PF in colonoscopy patients.

Clinical Trial Registration No:

The study was also registered at the Iranian Center for Clinical
Trials (No. IRCT20161205031252N11).
Nonimaging Optical Design with Supporting Quadric Method and Deep
Neural Network
Authors: Zhang Hang , Ma Peifu , Chen Jiawen , Hu Yuejiao , Shou Huahao
Published: October 2021

Background:

The supporting quadric method(SQM) is a versatile method for designing
freeform optics for desired irradiance redistribution, but the time of solution optimization increases
rapidly with the refinement of the mapping grid.

Objective:

As the complexity of light distribution is getting higher and higher, time consumed will
also increase exponentially. This paper proposes an idea of applying the deep neural network method
to optical design.

Methods:

In this article, we established a special corresponding relationship and prepared a dataset,
which underwent deep network learning and training. Finally, a hybrid design method of deep learning
and optical design was realized and verified.

Results:

Compared with the traditional method, this method is more efficient. Here, we used a deep
neural network(DNN) to accelerate the freeform optical design. After the DNN was trained by a
sample set consisting of a uniform pattern and eight different Chinese characters represented by an
array with 11 × 11, it can generate a character's reflector within few milliseconds.

Conclusion:

As proof of this new method, a character pattern reflector was manufactured and tested,
and the experimental irradiance distribution was found close to the expectation, which means
that the neural network has the excellent capability to memorize all of the learned characters. SQM
combined with DNN has the potential to establish a particular “optical font library” and even offers
a promising path for rapid freeform optical design to realize the function of “optical typography”.
Development Zoning of Bindu River Ecotourism based on Eco Culture
Authors: Eryani I Gusti Agung , Arthana I Nyoman , Astiti Ni Made Ayu
Published: October 2021

Bindu River Ecotourism is a tourist attraction that has natural potential as a place of recreation in the Denpasar City area. Apart from the potential offered by Bindu River Ecotourism, there are still problems that exist in Bindu River Ecotourism including river water which has a lot of sediment, the lack of public awareness to care about the surrounding environment, and the lack of exposure by the public makes only the surrounding community aware of it. If zoning is not carried out in its development, the natural potential of the Bindu River Ecotourism area that has been arranged can be reduced, for this reason, zoning is needed in its development to determine areas in the Bindu River Ecotourism area that are in accordance with the land use and development potential. Based on the delineation and the existing potential, the Bindu River Ecotourism area is divided into a conservation zone and a recreation zone. For the conservation zone, it can be developed into several more zones in the upstream part, it can be developed into a zone for the development of the function of protecting water resources, a zone for the development of the function of protecting flora and fauna as well as limited recreational functions. While the recreation zone can also be developed into several more zones. The upstream recreation zone can be developed into a recreation function development zone and the downstream recreation zone can be developed into an educational function development zone
The European response to the COVID-19 crisis at the regional level and its effects on the shaping of the new European Cohesion Policy
Authors: Castro Vieira Rui
Published: October 2021

This paper focuses on the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and its repercussions on the EU’s Cohesion Policy. We will analyse the regional and territorial problems created by the COVID-19 crisis and the influences it had on the new developments of the Cohesion Policy. The evolution of the Cohesion Policy will be addressed, particularly the development of conditionality. The developments on the European Multiannual Financial Framework and the regional policy following the recent developments of the European response to the COVID-19 crisis and the new role of Regions will also be examined. The aim of the paper is to identify and characterise the effects of the pandemic on the European Regions and its repercussions for the development of the new Cohesion Policy and its governance model. The need for a more flexible Cohesion Policy and the opportunities afforded to the Regions and the evolution of the European Union Multilevel Governance Framework, that come from the recent developments on the proposed European Recovery Plan are also reflected
Identifying Frequent Health Care Users and Care Consumption Patterns: Process Mining of Emergency Medical Services Data
Authors: Maruster Laura , van der Zee Durk-Jouke , Buskens Erik
Published: October 2021

Background

Tracing frequent users of health care services is highly relevant to policymakers and clinicians, enabling them to avoid wasting scarce resources. Data collection on frequent users from all possible health care providers may be cumbersome due to patient privacy, competition, incompatible information systems, and the efforts involved.

Objective

This study explored the use of a single key source, emergency medical services (EMS) records, to trace and reveal frequent users’ health care consumption patterns.

Methods

A retrospective study was performed analyzing EMS calls from the province of Drenthe in the Netherlands between 2012 and 2017. Process mining was applied to identify the structure of patient routings (ie, their consecutive visits to hospitals, nursing homes, and EMS). Routings are used to identify and quantify frequent users, recognizing frail elderly users as a focal group. The structure of these routes was analyzed at the patient and group levels, aiming to gain insight into regional coordination issues and workload distributions among health care providers.

Results

Frail elderly users aged 70 years or more represented over 50% of frequent users, making 4 or more calls per year. Over the period of observation, their annual number and the number of calls increased from 395 to 628 and 2607 to 3615, respectively. Structural analysis based on process mining revealed two categories of frail elderly users: low-complexity patients who need dialysis, radiation therapy, or hyperbaric medicine, involving a few health care providers, and high-complexity patients for whom routings appear chaotic.

Conclusions

This efficient approach exploits the role of EMS as the unique regional “ferryman,” while the combined use of EMS data and process mining allows for the effective and efficient tracing of frequent users’ utilization of health care services. The approach informs regional policymakers and clinicians by quantifying and detailing frequent user consumption patterns to support subsequent policy adaptations.
Enriching the Value of Patient Experience Feedback: Web-Based Dashboard Development Using Co-design and Heuristic Evaluation
Authors: Khanbhai Mustafa , Symons Joshua , Flott Kelsey , Harrison-White Stephanie , Spofforth Jamie , Klaber Robert , Manton David , Darzi Ara , Mayer Erik
Published: October 2021

Background

There is an abundance of patient experience data held within health care organizations, but stakeholders and staff are often unable to use the output in a meaningful and timely way to improve care delivery. Dashboards, which use visualized data to summarize key patient experience feedback, have the potential to address these issues.

Objective

The aim of this study is to develop a patient experience dashboard with an emphasis on Friends and Family Test (FFT) reporting, as per the national policy drive.

Methods

A 2-stage approach was used—participatory co-design involving 20 co-designers to develop a dashboard prototype, followed by iterative dashboard testing. Language analysis was performed on free-text patient experience data from the FFT, and the themes and sentiments generated were used to populate the dashboard with associated FFT metrics. Heuristic evaluation and usability testing were conducted to refine the dashboard and assess user satisfaction using the system usability score.

Results

The qualitative analysis from the co-design process informed the development of the dashboard prototype with key dashboard requirements and a significant preference for bubble chart display. The heuristic evaluation revealed that most cumulative scores had no usability problems (18/20, 90%), had cosmetic problems only (7/20, 35%), or had minor usability problems (5/20, 25%). The mean System Usability Scale score was 89.7 (SD 7.9), suggesting an excellent rating.

Conclusions

The growing capacity to collect and process patient experience data suggests that data visualization will be increasingly important in turning feedback into improvements to care. Through heuristic usability, we demonstrated that very large FFT data can be presented in a thematically driven, simple visual display without the loss of the nuances and still allow for the exploration of the original free-text comments. This study establishes guidance for optimizing the design of patient experience dashboards that health care providers find meaningful, which in turn drives patient-centered care.
Exploring Children’s Engagement in Monitoring Indoor Air Quality: Longitudinal Study
Authors: Kim Sunyoung , Sohanchyk Gregory
Published: October 2021

Background

Indoor air pollution is harmful to everyone, but children are of particular concern, as they are more vulnerable to its adverse health effects from air pollutants. Although mobile technology is increasingly being designed to support monitoring and improving air quality indoors, little attention has been paid to its use by and for children. Previously, we created inAirKids, a child-friendly device to promote children’s engagement with monitoring indoor air quality through a participatory design process. The next step is to evaluate its usability in the real world.

Objective

The aim of this study is to investigate how inAirKids affects children’s understanding of and engagement with indoor air quality through a longitudinal field deployment study.

Methods

We deployed inAirKids in the homes of 9 children aged between 6 and 7 years, and investigated their use for up to 16 weeks by conducting semistructured, biweekly interviews.

Results

The results show that participants promptly engaged with inAirKids but quickly lost interest in it owing to the lack of engaging factors to sustain engagement. In addition, we identified 2 design considerations that can foster sustained engagement of children with monitoring indoor air quality: design interactivity for engaging in continuity and corporate hands-on activities as part of indoor air quality monitoring for experiential learning.

Conclusions

Our findings shed light on the potential to promote the engagement of children in indoor air quality as well as considerations for designing a child-friendly digital device. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first longitudinal field deployment to investigate how to engage children in monitoring indoor air quality.
Experience of Pediatricians and Pediatric Surgeons With Virtual Care During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Descriptive Study (Preprint)
Authors: McCrady Emma , Strychowsky Julie E , Woolfson Jessica P
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND

Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, in-clinic visits were the standard of care for pediatric physicians and surgeons at our center. At the pandemic onset, web-based care was adopted at an unprecedented scale and pace.

OBJECTIVE

This descriptive study explores the web-based care experience of pediatric physicians and surgeons during the pandemic by determining factors that supported and challenged web-based care adoption.

METHODS

This study took place at the Children’s Hospital at London Health Sciences Centre, a children’s hospital in London, Ontario, Canada, which provides pediatric care for patients from the London metropolitan area and the rest of Southwestern Ontario. The Donabedian model was used to structure a web-based survey evaluating web-based care experience, which was distributed to 121 department-affiliated pediatric physicians (including generalists and subspecialists in surgery and medicine). Recruitment occurred via department listserv email. Qualitative data were collected through discrete and free-text survey responses.

RESULTS

Survey response rate was 52.1% (63/121). Before the pandemic, few physicians within the Department of Paediatrics used web-based care, and physicians saw <10% of patients digitally. During March-May 2020, the majority transitioned to web-based care, seeing >50% of patients digitally. Web-based care use in our sample fell from June to September 2020, with the majority seeing <50% of patients digitally. Telephone and Ontario Telemedicine Network were the platforms most used from March to September 2020. Web-based care was rated to be convenient for most providers and their patients, despite the presence of technical difficulties. Challenges included lack of physical exam, lower patient volumes, and poor patient digital care etiquette. Regardless of demographics, 96.4% (116/121) would continue web-based care, ideally for patients who live far away and for follow-ups or established diagnoses.

CONCLUSIONS

Transition to web-based care during COVID-19 was associated with challenges but also positive experiences. Willingness among pediatricians and pediatric surgeons to continue web-based care was high. Web-based care experiences at our center could be improved with patient education and targeting select populations. Future research is needed to improve practice efficiency and to inform regulatory guidelines for web-based care.
Mobile Applications in Mood Disorders and Mental Health: Systematic Search in Apple App Store and Google Play Store and Review of the Literature (Preprint)
Authors: Eis Sophie , Solà-Morales Oriol , Duarte-Díaz Andrea , Vidal-Alaball Josep , Perestelo-Perez Lilisbeth , Robles Noemí , Carrion Carme
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND

There are thousands of health apps available, including for mood disorders. However, their access is unstructured, and most are never download nor used. Their outcomes are rarely systematically measured and therefore effectiveness is disputed, even potentially damaging. The COVID-19 pandemic has posed and continues to pose a significant burden on population mental health, yet it has also given rise to rapid eHealth development. However, despite increasing reliance on eHealth solutions, major knowledge gaps on their utility and effectiveness persist.

OBJECTIVE

The main objective of this work was to explore and characterize the current landscape of mobile applications available to treat mood disorders such as depression, bipolar disorder, and dysthymia.

METHODS

We developed a tool that makes both the Apple App Store and the Google Play Store searchable using keywords and that facilitates the extraction of basic app information of the search results. All app results were filtered using various inclusion and exclusion criteria. We characterised all resultant applications according to their technical details. Furthermore, we searched for scientific publications on each app’s website and PubMed, to understand whether any of the apps were supported by any type of scientific evidence on their acceptability, validation, use, effectiveness, etc.

RESULTS

Thirty apps were identified that fit the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The literature search yielded 27 publications related to the apps. However, these did not exclusively concern mood disorders. 6 were randomised studies and the rest included a protocol, pilot-, feasibility, case-, or qualitative studies, among others. The majority of studies were conducted on relatively small scales and 9 of the 27 studies did not explicitly study the effects of mobile application use on mental wellbeing.

CONCLUSIONS

While there exists a wealth of mobile applications aimed at the treatment of mental health disorders, including mood disorders, this study has shown that only a handful of these are backed by robust scientific evidence. This result uncovers a need for further clinically-oriented and systematic validation and testing of such apps.
Evaluating the Effect of Supported Systematic Work Environment Management During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Study (Preprint)
Authors: Haraldsson Patrik , Ros Axel , Jonker Dirk , Areskoug Josefsson Kristina
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND

The work environment is a complex phenomenon in which many factors interact. Scientific research indicates a relation between the work environment and employee health, staff turnover, patient satisfaction, and patient safety. There is a great need for knowledge on how to conduct work environment interventions and practical work environment management to maximize benefits to the employees.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is to explore how Occupational Health Service (OHS) support will affect the work environment, sick leave, staff turnover, patient satisfaction, and patient safety during and following the COVID-19 pandemic in a medical ward setting.

METHODS

A mixed methods evaluation of a concurrent work environment quality improvement project at the Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics in a local hospital in the south of Sweden will be performed.

RESULTS

The mixed methods evaluation of the quality improvement project received funding from Futurum–Academy for Health and Care, Jönköping County Council and Region Jönköping County, and the study protocol was approved by the Swedish Ethical Review Authority. The work environment quality improvement project will continue between May 2020 and December 2021.

CONCLUSIONS

The study might contribute to increased knowledge of how work environment interventions and practical work environment management can impact the work environment, and employee health, staff turnover, patient satisfaction, and patient safety. There is a need for knowledge in this area for OHS management to provide increased benefits to employees, employers, and society as a whole.

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