bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Race and the Mobility of Humans as Things
Authors: Roque Ricardo
Published: January 2014

This article reflects on a significant dimension of the modern history of race in Europe and the world: the processes of mobility of humans as things that accompanied the scientific pursuit of the immutable racial condition of humans. It asks what it might mean to approach racial conceptions as historically embedded in, and shaped by, racial regimes of mobility, that is, the regimes encompassing the practices and apparatuses for the displacement of human bodies (or parts of bodies) as “scientific things” of racial significance for museum and laboratory networks. The article articulates race in Europe as entailed in a history of national, colonial, and postcolonial regimes of mobility. First, it is suggested that the history of race in science can be understood as the history of regimes of mobility of humans as things. It is then discussed how this history of mobility regimes connects with the making of collectives within and beyond Europe—national, imperial, indigenous, and postcolonial. Finally, the article investigates the contemporary expressions of racial regimes of mobility.
What does dance do, and who says so? Some thoughts on blind access to dance performance
Authors: Kleege Georgina
Published: January 2014

This article discusses the special issues related to making dance performance accessible to people who are blind and visually impaired. I highlight the limits of audio description for this art form and describe choreographer Victoria Marks’ response to the challenge to build access into an original composition.
The process of graphic image creation in the conditions of non-seeing
Authors: Raudoniene Dijana
Published: January 2014

This article explores the problem of depiction in tactile images, aiming to further existing understanding of what else, besides any tangible marks that may happen to be a feature of a particular image, can be said to belong to the image’s tactility. The answer to this question is sought using examples of creative practice incorporating varieties of touch perception. Analysing the examples, it emerges that the sense of touch is involved in the creation of drawings to a greater extent than tactile sensations (sensorial qualities that are conveyed during the contact). Touch enters the image area through tactile–kinaesthetic imagery based on descriptive gesture that is also shown to manifest itself in situations of non-seeing. It is also suggested that the drawing image, created using descriptive gesture, is capable of displaying intelligible links between the depicted object and the perceptual information associated with it.
A Corporation in Feminist Clothing? Young Women Discuss the Dove ‘Real Beauty’ Campaign
Authors: Taylor Judith , Johnston Josée , Whitehead Krista
Published: January 2014

The Dove campaign for ‘real beauty’ has been exceptionally successful, generating public attention and increased sales. This article uses focus group analysis to investigate how young, feminist-identified women understand the campaign, and how they respond when a corporation encourages them to exercise their politics through consumption. We ask whether the campaign is seen as compatible with their vision of feminism, and whether corporations are potential vehicles for feminist change. To conceptualize critical consciousness, we suggest that classical critical theory, particularly Herbert Marcuse, can be fruitfully connected with contemporary critical and feminist theories of capitalist cooptation. Participants varied in their critiques, but relished the opportunity for deliberation, and displayed a clear capacity to disentangle ‘opposites’ like feminism and corporate profiteering. Most women saw the campaign as ‘better than nothing’ and supported some notion of ethical consumption – a kind of pragmatism that suggests the difficulty of imagining alternatives to consumer capitalism.
Trends in the Utilization and Outcomes of Medicare Patients Hospitalized for Hip Fracture, 2000-2008
Authors: Becker David J. , Arora Tarun , Kilgore Meredith L. , Curtis Jeffrey R. , Delzell Elizabeth , Saag Kenneth G. , Yun Huifeng , Morrisey Michael A.
Published: January 2014

Objective: This study examines temporal trends in hip fracture related utilization and outcomes among elderly fee-for-service Medicare beneficiaries. Method: The study uses claims data for a 5% sample of Medicare beneficiaries with an incident hip fracture hospitalization between 2000 and 2008. We present annual mean patient characteristics, health services utilization, and outcomes and use ordinary least squares regressions to examine adjusted trends in utilization and outcomes after controlling for changes in patient characteristics. Results: We observe a statistically significant temporal decline in inpatient acute days and a statistically significant increase in inpatient post-acute days following hip fractures. In models that control for patient characteristics, we observe statistically significant declines in 1-year hip fracture readmission and mortality rates. Rates of nursing home residence 1-year following fracture were unchanged and remain high. Discussion: Hip fractures remain highly debilitating events and pose significant challenges for the financing of public health insurance programs.
Primary Carcinoid Tumor of the Skin
Authors: Jedrych Jaroslaw , Pulitzer Melissa
Published: January 2014

Primary carcinoid tumor of the skin (PCTS) is an uncommon indolent neoplasm, with 10 cases described in the literature. The tumors affect patients in the sixth to ninth decades of life (mean = 66.3 years) with an equal gender distribution and predilection for the head and trunk. They present as slowly enlarging nodules of variable duration, ranging from 1 to 60 years (mean = 11.4 years). PCTS is characterized by architectural, cytomorphologic, ultrastructural, and immunohistochemical features typical of a low-grade neoplasm with neuroendocrine differentiation. PCTS typically follows a benign clinical course and therefore has to be distinguished from cutaneous metastases of visceral carcinoid tumors, which herald dissemination of malignancy and poor prognosis. While the distinction from other histologically similar entities can be achieved by histopathological examination, PCTS can be distinguished from a visceral metastasis only by a judicious clinicopathologic correlation. Herein we describe the clinical presentation, histological appearance, and management of these tumors.
Drug interactions with sunitinib
Authors: Bilbao-Meseguer Idoia , Jose Begoña San , Lopez-Gimenez Leocadio R , Gil Maria A , Serrano Laura , Castaño Mikel , Sautua Saioa , Basagoiti Amaya De , Belaustegui Ainhoa , Baza Beatriz , Baskaran Zuriñe , Bustinza Alazne
Published: January 2014

Purpose

Sunitinib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor indicated for the treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumor, advanced renal cell carcinoma, and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. The aim of this article is to describe the pharmacological interactions between sunitinib and commonly prescribed drugs.

Method

We reviewed available information on pharmacological interactions between sunitinib and concomitantly prescribed drugs. Drugs were grouped into different therapeutic groups according to the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) classification.

Results

Sunitinib interacts with CYP3A4 inducers or inhibitors and with P-glycoprotein and ABCG2 substrates. Pharmacodynamic interactions with drugs have also been found.

Conclusion

Current information on drug interactions between sunitinib and other drugs is scarce and most of the times it is difficult to apply to clinical practice. Even so, this difficulty in managing drug interactions should not be a reason to ignore them as they can help to explain intolerances and treatment failures.
Customers’ preferences for new technology-based self-services versus human interaction services in hotels
Authors: Kattara Hanan Saad , El-Said Osman Ahmed
Published: January 2014

This study explores differences in customer preferences for using new technology-based self-services versus human interaction in different service encounters at five-star hotels in Sharm El-Sheikh, Egypt. Data were collected using a scenario approach in a questionnaire where customers can either use a technology-based self-service or human interaction service. Findings showed that customers prefer to contact an employee rather than depending on a technology-based self-service in the majority of service encounters; customers’ preferences for using technology-based self-service versus human interactions vary during different stages of their occupancy cycle; customers’ preference for receiving a direct person contact is the most important reason for preferring human interaction encounters; customers’ preference for speed and easy service is the main reason for preferring technology-based self-service. Finally, the study ends up by offering useful suggestions and practical implications for hotel managers and practitioners.
Directed Information Transfer in Scalp Electroencephalographic Recordings
Authors: Marinazzo Daniele , Gosseries Olivia , Boly Mélanie , Ledoux Didier , Rosanova Mario , Massimini Marcello , Noirhomme Quentin , Laureys Steven
Published: January 2014

The neural mechanisms underlying electrophysiological changes observed in patients with disorders of consciousness following a coma remain poorly understood. The aim of this study is to investigate the mechanisms underlying the differences in spontaneous electroencephalography (EEG) between patients in vegetative/unresponsive wakefulness syndrome, minimally conscious state, emergence of the minimally conscious state and age-matched healthy control subjects. Forty recordings of spontaneous scalp EEG were performed in 27 patients who were comatose on admission, and on healthy controls. Multivariate Granger causality and transfer entropy were applied to the data. Distinctive patterns of putative bottlenecks of information were associated with each conscious state. Healthy controls are characterized by a greater amount of synergetic contributions from duplets of variables. In conclusion a novel set of measures was tested to get a new insight on the pattern of information transfer in a network of scalp electrodes in patients with disorders of consciousness.
A study of 60 patients with percutaneous trigger finger releases: clinical and ultrasonographic findings
Authors: Gulabi D. , Cecen G. S. , Bekler H. I. , Saglam F. , Tanju N.
Published: January 2014

We present the clinical results and ultrasonographic findings of 61 trigger digits treated with percutaneous A1 pulley release. An endoscopic carpal tunnel knife was used for the release in the outpatient department. The mean follow-up period was 3.5 months. A total of 55 digits (90%) had complete relief of their triggering postoperatively. Six digits (10%) had Grade 2 triggering clinically in the early postoperative period.The complications included six cases of insufficient release (10%), scar sensitivity in one patient, short-term hypoaesthesia in three digits (5%), and flexor tendon laceration noted on postoperative ultrasonography in eight digits (13%). No neurovascular damage was noted on the postoperative ultrasonography. Ultrasonograpy provides information about tendon laceration and changes in thickness of the pulleys and confirm A1 pulley release after surgery, but it does not alter clinical decision-making. We believe that pre- and postoperative ultrasonograpy does not need to be included as a routine examination.
Predicting Tour de France stage-winning times with continuous power and drag area models and high speeds in 2013
Authors: Ramsey Brian Alexander , Goff John Eric
Published: January 2014

We present comparisons between our predicted stage-winning times and actual stage-winning times for the 2012 and 2013 Tour de France races. The former race represented our last use of a decade-old discrete power and drag area models; the continuous power and drag area models used for the latter race represent significant changes in our modeling. Although our new model worked well when applied to the 2012 Tour de France, it did not fare so well in 2013, especially during the second week of the race when speeds were quite high.
Pin It
Authors: Hambrick Marion E. , Kang Sun J.
Published: January 2014

The social media platform Pinterest has emerged as a popular virtual space to showcase content found online (Hempel, 2012). Encouraging users to “pin” and comment on content featuring sports-related activities, athletes, and merchandise, Pinterest presents an opportunity for sports organizations looking to connect and build communities with fans. This study employed the relationship-marketing conceptual framework (Grönroos, 2004) to examine how four North American professional sports leagues used Pinterest over a 1-year time period to communicate as well as encourage engagement and interaction with fans. The longitudinal content analysis and chi-square analyses of 24,156 pins revealed the sports teams used Pinterest to promote the fan group experience, provide team and game information, and sell team-related merchandise. Theoretical and practical implications will be discussed, including recommendations for sports organizations seeking to engage their fans and communicate online.
Organizational Restructuring and Change in Transition Societies: Dominant Coalitions and the Dynamics of Managerial Power and Politics
Authors: Soulsby Anna , Clark Ed
Published: January 2014

The authors argue that a fuller understanding of processes of organizational restructuring in transforming societies emerges from studying not only the expressed motives behind senior managers’ actions but also how these political actions are located within the emergent structural context of power, domination and legitimacy. The politics of restructuring in two former state-owned enterprises and the different strategies top management teams adopted to sustain a favourable internal and external balance of power and control the processes of legitimation, order and opposition are examined. The authors argue that the experiences of the enterprises illustrate two distinct patterns of relationship between forms of managerial politics and processes of enterprise restructuring within transitional circumstances.
Miloš Obrenović and the deposition of a Constantinopolitan Patriarch
Authors: Fine John V.A.
Published: January 2014

In my limited study of the Greek and Serbian Churches in the nineteenth century, I had found numerous cases of Greek meddling in Serbian affairs, but never a reverse case. Then I came across a passing reference in Gavrilović’s fine biography of Prince MiloS Obrenovic of Serbia (who ruled from 1815 to 1839) to Miloš’ playing a major part in ousting a Patriarch of Constantinople. Following up Gavrilović’s citation led me to the following letter written by Prince Miloš during his triumphal visit to Constantinople in 1835. It was written (and it should be noted this means dictated since MiloS was illiterate) to his wife Ljubica on 28 September 1835. Since I have never come across any reference to the events Miloš describes in any work I have made use of on the patriarchate in the 19th century, I have taken the liberty of translating the letter from Miloš’ Serbian both to call attention to it and to make the text available to a wider range of scholars. The original text is to be found in Mita Petrović, Financije i Ustanove obnovljene Srbije do 1842, Beograd, 1901, pp. 336–37.
The architecture of ekphrasis: construction and context of Paul the Silentiary’s poem on Hagia Sophia
Authors: Macrides Ruth , Magdalino Paul
Published: January 2014

The written or spoken word can contribute to the appreciation of a work of art in three distinct, though by no means mutually exclusive, ways. First, it can comment directly on the artefact. Second, it can fulfil a parallel function, by conveying a similar message or using broadly comparable techniques. Third, words can physically accompany the artist’s work, either in the form of an inscription, or in the form of a recitation. We are so used to taking, and dealing with, the first of these approaches, that of commentary, that we have been slow to develop proper criteria for evaluating the other two. This has led, in the past, to some imaginative theorising about Byzantine aesthetics and, in reaction, some deflationary statements about the quality of Byzantine aesthetic criticism. There is now, however, a growing, if still implicit, recognition that the relationship of the verbal and the visual in Byzantine, society was not primarily one of commentary, but one of parallel function and physical accompaniment. Byzantine literary responses to art pointed in the same direction as art; they did not confront it, or cut into it in order to lay bare its anatomy.
George Thomson and the Dialectics of Hellenism
Authors: Tziovas Dimitris
Published: January 2014

When I think of G. Thomson one question which immediately springs to mind is: why was he, and why is he still, so popular in Greece, a country he visited only four or five times? Was it his scholarly work, his Marxist beliefs or his emphasis on the continuity of Greek culture that bestowed on him respect and acclaim among Greeks? It seems to me that it was a combination of all these three factors which resulted in the fact that Thomson is one of the few classical scholars whose major studies have been translated into Greek and enjoyed wide publicity. He is now considered in Greece not only an exception among classicists but an exception among those who have studied the historical development of Greek culture and vehemently stressed its continuity. Despite the fact that his views were largely ignored during the debate of the 1960s and early 70s concerning the question of continuity, and which centred around Byzantium, Thomson’s views on the subject must seriously be taken into account.
Orality and the reception of late Byzantine vernacular literature
Authors: Beaton Roderick
Published: January 2014

The starting point for this paper is the belief that orality has to be understood in a wider sense than is given to the term bv the oral-formulaic theory of Milman Parry and Albert Lord. This is the more important when the field of study is medieval or modern Greece, societies far removed from what Walter Ong (1982: 31–75) has termed the ‘primary orality’ of a culture from which writing is absent. The oral formulaic theory, although excellent as a tool for the analysis of materials actually transcribed from oral performance, has come to be seen in the last fifteen years or so as an unwieldy and often unreliable yardstick for assessing the interaction of oral and written types of discourse. The insistence of the theory that for a text to be considered oral, the three processes of composition, performance and transmission should be simultaneous, imposes a definition of orality which is unjustifiably restrictive, and despite the well-intentioned efforts of Albert Lord and others to address the problem of the ‘transitional’ text, the method of analysis developed through close study of one particular oral tradition in Yugoslavia has proved disappointingly inflexible in its attempt to account for texts which are neither, according to its own definitions, truly oral nor fully literary (cf. Beaton 1987).
Text as Song: The Oral Aspirations of Anghelos Sikelianos
Authors: Ekdawi Sarah
Published: January 2014

‘Any poem or poet worthy of the name must liberate the pure creative force of the human voice.’

‘The whole of Ancient Greek civilization is a product of poetic utterance: Homer sang; Pindar declaimed; Aeschylus spoke out from behind masks.’

‘Ancient texts — Homer, Hesiod, oracles, Orphic writings and so forth — gradually became the voice of the people.’

These statements were made by Sikelianos in a talk entitled “O which he delivered in 1938, and in which he postulates a historical progression from text to voice, rather than the reverse process. They are the statements of a literate poet writing in a literate age, but delighting, at the same time, in the ability of radio to ‘reassert the spell of orality’ (Havelock 1986: 31). They subvert the idea of literacy as progress and propose, in its place, an ideal of post-textual orality. The aim of this paper is to explore the relationship between such statements and the poetry of Sikelianos.
The Aleppo question: a Byzantine-Fatimid conflict of interests in Northern Syria in the later tenth century A.D.
Authors: Farag Wesam
Published: January 2014

The ambition to control Syria had always been among the serious temptations of Emperor Nikephoros Phokas (963–969). In the last year of his reign and specifically on October 28th, 969 A.D. two of his generals, Michael Bourtzes and Peter Phokas (the Stratopedarch), at last succeeded in capturing the great city of Antioch. For the first time in three centuries Byzantium reestablished its authority in Northern Syria, and soon Antioch became a seat of a doux whose responsibility was to guard the southeastern flank of the Empire. Like both the doux of Mesopotamia and that of Chaldia, the doux of Antioch had to supervise the small themes in the new Byzantine territories which came under his jurisdiction.
Koraes, Toynbee and the modern Greek heritage
Authors: Beaton Roderick
Published: January 2014

At first sight it is nothing more than an accident of history that brings the names of the Greek philologist and patriot Adamandios Koraes and of the English historian Arnold J. Toynbee together: in 1919, Toynbee was appointed to be the first holder of the Koraes Chair of Modern Greek and Byzantine History, Language and Literature at King’s College in the University of London. The third component of my title introduces some rather more substantial common ground. The ‘heritage’ of the Modern Greek people from the ancient past plays a large part in the work of both — explicitly and at length in the writings of Koraes, less conspicuously but scarcely less fundamentally, as this paper will argue, in Toynbee’s mammoth investigation of the forces at work in shaping world history.
Dialogism and interpretation: reading Papadiamantis’ A Dream Among the Waters
Authors: Tziovas Dimitris
Published: January 2014

The twentieth century has been the century of interpretation, representing at the same time its celebration and its devaluation. It opens with Freud’s Interpretation of Dreams (1900) and Nietzsche’s statement that there are no facts but only interpretations and ends up in the early 1960s with Susan Sontag’s attack on interpretation and her dramatic appeal for an ‘erotics of art’ in place of a hermeneutics. However polemical Sontag’s attitude might seem, she is not the only one who expresses this kind of distrust toward interpretation. Others too talk about the ‘crisis’ of interpretation or its transgression.
Apprehending the Archangel Michael: hagiographic methods
Authors: Peers Glenn
Published: January 2014

This essay examines the means by which hagiographies attempt to describe the presence and appearances of the Archangel Michael. It deals with several hagiographies at some length in order to demonstrate the ways in which each text persuades its audience of the Archangel’s benign proximity. It examines, in particular, the hagiographies of the miracle at Chonae since the ‘pre-history’ of this cult is relatively clear and the shrine’s activities during the Byzantine period were widely acclaimed. This essay also discusses other hagiographies, namely of the sanctuary at Monte Gargano and of the shrine described by Michael Psellus (1018-1081?). In examining these texts, certain structural similarities become apparent: access to the Archangel is made difficult by his unique angelic nature and this difficulty led to textual strategies that make Michael more firmly entrenched in the texts’ levels of narrative. The hagiographies reveal Michael’s elusive elemental force active in a landscape, and work to bind the Archangel — notionally at least — to places in order to strengthen expectation of devotional return.
Printing and Publishing in Greece: ‘flexibility’ and the process of innovation, 1979-1991
Authors: Simmons Colin , Leandros Nicos
Published: January 2014

Since the mid-1960s a large number of innovations has affected printing and publishing throughout the world. At the heart of what is now widely acknowledged as a technological revolution was the switch to photo-composition and offset lithography from ‘hot-metal’ techniques. Two principal developments may be identified — the shift from molten metal to photography pioneered in the USA, and the introduction of electronic—based processes of production and transmission (Moran, 1974: 147-261, 309-19; Clair, 1976; Marshall, 1983; Guy and Haywood, 1985). The early photo-setters were costly and were restricted to a relatively small number of sizes and typefaces. Origination remained fragmented and still had to be divided-up into a series of distinct tasks notably keyboarding, photo-typesetting, page paste-up, photographic work and final plate-making. Because of this constraint the take-up of electronic typesetting, particularly in small and medium-size printing firms, was slow. However, the arrival of micro-electronic chips paved the way for cheaper and more dependable photo-typesetting systems. Digitalisation of information enables a unification of the origination process and allows an author to prepare high quality graphics and sophisticated art work.
War and society in rural Syria c. 502–613 A.D.: observations on the epigraphy
Authors: Trombley Frank R.
Published: January 2014

The sixth-century wars between Sasanid Persia and the Eastern Roman Empire have been the object of many studies, including the archaeology of fortified sites. There has not been, however, a detailed treatment of the social, economic, and cultural impact of this chronic warfare on the villages of rural Syria. The problem is partly one of source materials. Except the chronicle of Joshua the Stylite, Procopius’ account of the war of 540–544, and certain hagiographic texts, the literary sources are lacking precise detail about rural conditions, and even these sources tend to concentrate on the fate of the larger cities. A remedy exists for this in the interpretation of the numerous dated inscriptions at the sixth-century sites of northern Syria. It is often possible, with the correct synthesis of local materials, to arrive at significant generalisations about the impact of war on the countryside. The discussion that follows will examine the epigraphy of Syria I and II with a view to understanding the social, economic, demographic and cultural consequences of endemic warfare in the period between the end of the Persian War of Anastasius (502–506) and the Persian War of 604–628. It is hoped that this analysis will facilitate a new and structured reading of the literary sources, all of it directed to the problem of war and society in the Near East on the eve of the Islamic conquest.
Conclusion
Authors: Kaminaris Spiros , Panagopoulos Panagiotis
Published: January 2014

The Conference on Greece as a Member of the European Union: Sixteen Years after its Accession was the result of intensive work and commitment for a successful event. It gave the opportunity to both scholars and experts to contribute to high level discussions on the role of Greece in the EU from the point of view of political, economic as well as cultural developments.
Not new but novel. Notes on the historiography of Byzantine law
Authors: Stolte Bernard H.
Published: January 2014

It is some time since the late Alexander Kazhdan undertook a private crusade under the title ‘Do we need a new history of Byzantine law?’ Of course his answer was in the affirmative. In one sense one would be unable to disagree; in another sense, however, one ought to answer that the history Kazhdan was asking for would not so much be new; rather it would be a novelty, as it had not been written before.
‘Fragments of Cultural History’? Recent work on south-east European cultural history
Authors: Todorova Maria
Published: January 2014

In his review of Jean-Baptiste Duroselle’s ‘Europe. A History of Its Peoples’, Paschalis Kitromilides lamented that in most general accounts, Europe has been reduced to a history of Visigothic Europe. In these two volumes reflecting his oeuvre until 1994 — one a valuable monograph on a crucial figure of the Balkan Enlightenment, the other an updated collection of essays written in the course of fifteen years and covering some of the central processes of the past two centuries — Kitromilides is rectifying this short-sighted view of Europe. What he shows is a Europe as a common playground of ideas where elements from the core regions are transmitted and transformed to other, adjacent and peripheral territories. His focus is on the Balkans (or Southeastern Europe in his preferred nomenclature). What he also shows admirably is the reverse relationship of core and periphery in scholarship. Even good scholars of the core are parochial in their exclusive confinement to the centre. Conversely, good scholars of the Balkan region are, as a rule, deeply knowledgeable and conversant with ideas and trends outside their immediate geographic sphere of expertise (immensely complex in itself). Paschalis Kitromilides happens to be not simply among the good scholars of and from Southeastern Europe; he is one of the best.
Britain’s central role in the search for an international peacekeeping force for Cyprus, 1963-64
Authors: Ker-Lindsay James
Published: January 2014

This work examines the way in which the British, Greek and Turkish Governments established a peacekeeping force, the Joint Truce Force, in Cyprus in December 1963 and how the United Kingdom, aided by the United States, subsequently handled the creation of a replacement international peacekeeping force. Although the United Kingdom did everything in its power to keep peacekeeping efforts under its own control for as long as possible, when this was no longer feasible it tried to create a NATO-based peacekeeping force. This was opposed by the (Greek Cypriot) Government of Cyprus which favoured a United Nations peacekeeping force. Given the tensions between the British Government and the Government of Cyprus over which of these two international bodies should be responsible for peacekeeping it is strange that the United Kingdom never took seriously Greek Cypriot calls to have the Commonwealth considered as an alternative to the other two. This work examines these processes and analyses why the United Kingdom favoured NATO, opposed the UN and to all intents and purposes ignored the Commonwealth.
A glimpse of Cavafy at work
Authors: Hirst Anthony
Published: January 2014

This article takes as its starting point Savidis’ description of certain manuscripts of published and unpublished poems written by Cavafy between 1885 and 1904, manuscripts which evidently once formed a unity. Examples of manuscripts containing two or more poems are considered, in order to show how a chronological sequence of poems on unnumbered pages was reorganized by Cavafy, with the addition of page numbers, to form a thematic sequence. (This is compared to Cavafy’s later practice of progressively transferring poems from chronological to thematic collections.) A third stage is noted involving the dispersal and partial destruction of the manuscripts.
An early Byzantine inscribed amulet and its narratives
Authors: Tuerk Jacquelyn
Published: January 2014

How did an early Byzantine hematite amulet address physical illness? Contemporary medical texts explain that the stone itself was believed to cure bleeding, but how can we account for its engraved words and images depicting Christ healing the bleeding woman? The biblical narrative offers a persuasive analogy to the personal narrative of the Byzantine woman’s own sickness, positing the possibility of a cure for the Byzantine woman through identity with the biblical woman. It provides a model for the infirm Byzantine woman to understand her own personal narrative, and a model of the desired ending to the Byzantine woman’s narrative.
‘This is not a political book’: Bitter Lemons as British propaganda
Authors: Russel David
Published: January 2014

‘This is not a political book, but simply a somewhat impressionistic study of moods and atmospheres of Cyprus during the troubled years 1953-6.’ (11)

The first sentence of Bitter Lemons, Lawrence Durrell’s book about Cyprus, has always intrigued me for the multi-layered contradictions that it contains. There is the internal contradiction within the sentence itself — how can a work which claims to be a ‘study of the moods and atmospheres of Cyprus during the troubled years of 1953-6’ not be a ‘political book’? Don’t we immediately think of political troubles when we read ‘the troubled years 1953-6,’ after all, what else makes those years troubled? There is the contradiction between the first sentence and the rest of the book, for a major part of Bitter Lemons, indeed the final third, directly addresses the political situation on Cyprus.
Zeno, the epileptic emperor: historiography and polemics as sources of realia
Authors: Conrad Lawrence I.
Published: January 2014

Several Byzantine sources describe the emperor Zeno as suffering from epilepsy, which, although assigned to natural causes in Greek humoral medicine, was more widely explained in terms of demonic possession. The charge of epilepsy originated with the north Syrian historian Eustathius and comprised an extremist Chalcedonian attempt to discredit the ruler, probably for promulgation of the Henoticon in 482. It is ignored or contradicted by other Chalcedonian writers and by all Monophysite sources. The origins and growth of the legend affirm once again the great influence of confessional discord on historical perceptions; they also illustrate how a single author’s baseless polemic can eventually assume the form of an apparently secure and widely attested affirmation of simple fact, and highlight the crucial role of north Syria in producing the literature upon which modern scholarship on late antiquity must rely.
Ignatios the Deacon — cleric of the Constantinopolitan patriarchate, metropolitan bishop of Nicaea, private scholar, teacher and writer (a Life reconsidered)
Authors: Pratsch Thomas
Published: January 2014

Ignatios, though well known as an author, has remained a mysterious figure in Byzantine history whose details of life have only sporadically emerged from the ‘Dark Age’. On the basis of recent prosopographical research, the article tries to slightly rearrange the pieces of information and arrives at the following career of Ignatios: born 785-790, disciple at the patriarchal school, member of the patriarchal clergy, kept his post in 815, skeuophylax of the Hagia Sophia, metropolitan bishop of Nicaea, deposed in 843, repentant cleric, writer, teacher and private scholar with still considerable influence, died in 847 or shortly after. This reconstruction may not solve the problem beyond any reasonable doubt, but it prepares the ground for further investigation.
What do they think about children? Perceptions of childhood in early Byzantine literature
Authors: Kalogeras Nikos
Published: January 2014

How understanding, caring, and loving were the Byzantines towards their children? Was childhood in Byzantium an autonomous period of life or just a passage to the world of adults? The answer is not simple. Texts from the Apocryphal Gospels as well as from hagiographical narrative reveal that Byzantine writers distinguished children into good and bad, those ‘worthy of God’s grace’ and those who demonstrated ‘evil’ qualities. The level of children’s proximity to the code of adult behaviour determined the views of adults towards their descendants accordingly, and defined children’s relations to other social groups.
The presence of Sikelianos in the poetry of George Seferis
Authors: Psoni Anastasia
Published: January 2014

Echoes of Sikelianos’ poetry can be detected in many poets, but his presence in Seferis is particularly interesting in the light of the close personal relationship which developed between the two poets from the 1940s. The poetic dialogue starts with Seferis’ Στροφή (1931) and develops continuously until his last book of poems, Τρία Κρυφά Ποιήματα (1966). Seferis, attracted by Sikelianos’ linguistic richness, recreates the older poet’s words ingeniously in his search for a new poetics. I examine this dialogue chronologically to show that exploring the presence of Sikelianos in Seferis’ poetry enhances the understanding of the younger poet and reveals that, however great the differences in matters of technique between the two poets, their attitudes to poetry and poetics are in the end closely related.
The Trouble with the Trinity: The context of a slogan during the reign of Constantine IV (668-85)
Authors: Turner† David
Published: January 2014

This article explains the context of the slogan aired by troopers of the Anatolikon in the presence of Constantine IV (668-85): ‘[if we] believe in a trinity, [let us] crown [all] three’. The number ‘three’ was of symbolical significance for the Anatoliks, reflecting the Holy Trinity (the antithesis of Islam), the original number of themes, and the usual number of co-emperors in the Heraklid dynasty. The ‘collegiate’ rationale of the themata conflicted with the rejuvenated imperial ideology of the emperor, who may have tried to dilute the power of the themata in 681, after the sixth ecumenical council had triumphantly defeated monothelitism and re-established the authority of a single emperor, on the pattern of Justinian the Great. At that point in time, the co-emperors were deposed and mutilated.
Currency in seventh-century Syria as a historical source
Authors: phillips Marcus
Published: January 2014

Relations between numismatists and historians have been confused by uncertainties about each other’s role. As well as classifying coins numismatists should study them with a view to answering historical questions. This paper examines the ways in which coins convey information and illustrates the potential, as well as the problems, of using numismatics in answering some of the questions posed by the study of seventh century Syria. It also warns against the danger of pre-conceptions about the role of coinage and the status of different forms of evidence.
‘Maniera Cypria’ and thirteenth century icon production on the island of Cyprus: a critical approach
Authors: Kotoula Dimitra
Published: January 2014

The purpose of this article is to examine the term ‘maniera Cypria’ which was coined by Doula Mouriki to describe the thirteenth-century icon painting on the island of Cyprus. The term refers to the stylistic appearance of icons and derives from a treatment of the art of the island in traditional art historical framework. It is suggested that an alternative approach which takes into account a broader set of considerations does not support such a basic regional characterisation of the icon painting on Cyprus.
Kazantzakis among the postmoderns: some reflections
Authors: Middleton Darren J.N.
Published: January 2014

Following Friedrich Nietzsche, Nikos Kazantzakis gives mythopoetic embodiment to a way of looking at life that anticipates what we now see — attention to evolution, language, truth, perspective, and world enthusiasm — in various postmodern philosophies of religion. To show this alliance, my essay facilitates a broad but illuminating exchange between Kazantzakis and recent postmodern thinkers from around the western-oriented world: John Caputo (North America), Don Cupitt (England), Lloyd Geering (New Zealand) and Gianni Vattimo (Italy). With the advent of Nietzschean-inspired postmodern philosophies of religion, it seems that rereading Kazantzakis, like recent rereadings of Nietzsche, creates intriguing possibilities for thought as well as for action.
A post-modern lesson in history: the incomplete rhetoric of Thanasis Valtinos’s The Descent of the Nine
Authors: Païvanas Dimitris
Published: January 2014

‘A myth, that is, a fabulous narrative, may be necessary when no logical form of explanation will work, but the illogical premises will remain embedded in the story.’ [Miller 1990: 72].

The interpretation of Thanasis Valtinos’s The Descent of the Nine as a narrative signifying the defeat of the Greek Left in 1948–9 is limited and historically specific to post-1974 populism in Greece. This article challenges the interpretation of the text as a ‘grand narrative’ for the Greek Left. The novella’s inclination towards figuration reveals a more complex individualistic and potentially allegorical view of the narrated events. This figural contamination of the text’s literal meaning results in irreconcilable ambiguity, a hitherto neglected formal feature relating to its theme of ‘failure’. This, in conjunction with the text’s broader resistance to metaphorical synthesis, makes the novella a strong candidate for its inclusion in the canon of Greek post-modernist fiction.
New and Recent Books
Authors: Snowden James , Tarrant Naomi E. A.
Published: January 2014

These books are not available from the Costume Society but must be obtained from bookshops or the institutions concerned
Samuel Pepys and his Wardrobe
Authors: Staniland Kay
Published: January 2014

I do find myself much bound to go hansome…
The Invisible Landscape: Subsoil, Environment and the Italian Legislation on the Cultural Heritage
Authors: Domanico Laura
Published: January 2014

The study examines the Italian legislation on the cultural heritage and the environment, and points out the cultural gaps from the point of view of the definition and comprehension of these matters, and the delays surrounding the management of the cultural heritage in the territory. While theoretical debate on the environment in Italy has received a strong impulse in recent years, the cultural heritage continues to be governed by generally outdated laws of an essentially restrictive and punitive nature. The environment and cultural heritage are also seen by the Italian legislation as two separate entities, with negative consequences at the level of the protection, safeguarding and evaluation of the heritage. The study also puts forward a unified, dynamic view of the human environment (the interaction between human beings and the environment), which includes both the visible and invisible landscapes, the latter existing concealed beneath the surface. The proposed concept of the subsoil is that of a structured universe, in whose understanding and interpretation archaeology plays a determining role. By protecting and safeguarding only what ‘we can see’, i.e. the environmental and historic landscape above the soil, the law forgets that this is nothing other than the product of a series of partial landscapes fossilized and stratified in the course of time. By seeking out a new definition of the human environment, the study advances a conception that takes into account continuing transformations while not excluding an intuitive and emotional approach.
Neolithic diet at the Brochtorff Circle, Malta
Authors: Richards M.P. , Hedges R.E.M. , Walton I. , Stoddart S. , Malone C.
Published: January 2014

From Neolithic Malta, there is evidence of increasing population size accompanied by increasingly elaborate material culture, including the famous megalithic architecture. Stoddart et al. (1993) argued that social tensions and controls increased as food resources diminished. One important requirement of this argument is that the Neolithic inhabitants of Malta depended entirely on domesticated plants and animals for subsistence and therefore, with increased population sizes, the poor agricultural potential of these islands was stretched. However, it is possible that the consumption of wild foods, particularly marine resources, in the Neolithic would make up any shortfall in the agricultural foods. A direct way of measuring the amounts of marine protein in human diets is through chemical analysis of human bone. Stable isotope analyses undertaken on seven Accelerator Mass Spectrometer (AMS) radiocarbon dated humans from the Neolithic at the Brochtorff Circle indicated that there is no evidence for the significant use of marine foods by these Neolithic individuals. These new data indicate that agricultural foods were the dietary staple for this sample of the Maltese Neolithic population and therefore support the argument that increasing population during the Neolithic could have resulted in increasing resource stress.
Engendering context. Context as gendered practice in the early Bronze Age of the Upper Thames Valley, UK
Authors: Derevenski Joanna Sofaer
Published: January 2014

This article explores the use of context in relation to the articulation and understanding of gender. Context can be regarded as gendered practice. Focusing on mortuary settings in the early Bronze Age of the Upper Thames Valley, it examines ways that people took gender into account in complex decisions involved in burial and the construction of difference. Here, men and women were conceptualized in distinct ways that were not necessarily equivalent. Difference was expressed in terms of degrees of complexity of intersections between sex and other social categories. Beaker burial contexts were active and engendered material media for social relations.
There's Something Rotten in the State…’: Bad Smells in Antiquity
Authors: Bartosiewicz László
Published: January 2014

Smells are extremely important in everyday life. They provide information concerning our environment and evoke associations. In archaeology, however, similarly to other aspects of life in the past, smells can be studied only indirectly. In this study, the organic remains of animal exploitation have been studied at various (prehistoric, classical and medieval) sites. Having identified the sources of bad smells, their distributions were studied in the light of prevailing wind directions and settlement structure. Culturally different attitudes to ‘bad’ smells are also discussed.
The Supply of Amphora-Borne Commodities and Domestic Pottery in Pompeii 150 BC–AD 79: Preliminary Evidence from the House of the Vestals
Authors: De Sena Eric C. , Ikäheimo Janne P.
Published: January 2014

This study discusses the changing trends in the supply of wine, olive oil, fish sauce and domestic pottery in Pompeii over a period of more than two centuries through the examination of a pottery assemblage excavated recently in the House of the Vestals. The ceramic evidence is viewed in the light of broader political and economic trends that affected production and trade over the course of time. A clear shift from regional self-sufficiency to a heavier reliance upon extra-regional goods, particularly from the Roman provinces of Africa and Spain, is observed. The authors point out that while the ceramic record is a useful indicator of general supply trends, conclusions must be drawn with caution and scholars need to consider what is not apparent in the archaeological record in order to gain a more complete picture of the past.
Aqueous Corrosion of Steels and Nickel-Base Alloys in a Nuclear Context
Authors: Antill J. E.
Published: January 2014

The development of pressurized-water and boiling-water reactors (PWRs and BWRs) together with the development and operational experience of heat exchangers and boilers, has led to increased consideration being paid to the aqueous corrosion behaviour of iron- and nickel-base alloys. Attack can take various forms covering. general corrosion, localized pitting, and stress-corrosion cracking-a term applied to a type of mechanical failure dependent upon the environment and the application of stress