bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Results of Percutaneous Computed Tomography-Guided Biopsy of Adrenal Lesions and Spectrum of Computed Tomography Findings
Authors: Gunna Sriharsha , Neyaz Zafar , Bhatia Eesh , Marak Rungmei S , Mishra Richa , Verma Ritu
Published: April 2020

Objective:

Adrenal enlargement occurs in various conditions such as infections, benign, and malignant neoplasms. Percutaneous computed tomography (CT)-guided adrenal biopsy is a safe method for obtaining tissue specimen in cases where diagnosis cannot be established on imaging and biochemical grounds. The study aims to evaluate diagnostic yield, accuracy, and complications of percutaneous CT-guided adrenal biopsies. Furthermore, CT findings of various adrenal lesions have been described.

Materials and Methods:

Data of CT-guided adrenal biopsies performed from September 2009 to May 2019 were analyzed. Biopsies were performed on a 64-slice or a 128-slice multidetector CT scanner using a coaxial technique. Pathological and microbiological reports were retrieved from the hospital information system. Clinical details were obtained from clinical case records.

Results:

CT-guided adrenal biopsies were performed in 48 patients, 37 males and 11 females. Adrenal insufficiency was present in 31 (64%) cases and bilateral adrenal glands were affected in 35 (73%). Biopsy yielded a diagnosis in 35 cases (72.9%). The final diagnosis was achieved in 43 (90%) cases. Combined accuracy of CT-guided biopsy for identifying malignancy and infection was 88.3%. Adrenal histoplasmosis (AH) was the most common entity diagnosed (44%). After combining histopathology and microbiology results, the sensitivity for diagnosing AH was 100%. One (2%) patient had a major complication in the form of intra-abdominal hemorrhage requiring transfusion. Local hematoma and mild stable pneumothorax were noted in one patient each.

Conclusion:

Percutaneous CT-guided biopsy is a safe procedure for the diagnosis of adrenal lesions. It has good accuracy for diagnosing adrenal conditions such as infections and malignancies. However, the specific diagnosis of benign adrenal lesions was difficult to make. AH, tuberculosis, and metastasis have overlapping imaging findings.
Posttranscriptional Site-Directed Spin Labeling of Large RNAs with an Unnatural Base Pair System Under Non-Denaturing Conditions
Authors: Wang Yan , Kathiresan Venkatesan , Chen Yaoyi , Hu Yanping , Jiang Wei , Bai Guangcan , Liu Guoquan , Qin Peter Z. , Fang Xianyang
Published: April 2020

Site-directed spin labeling (SDSL) of large RNAs for electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy remains challenging up-to-date. We here demonstrate an efficient and generally applicable posttranscriptional SDSL method for large RNAs under non-denaturing conditions using an expanded genetic alphabet containing the NaM-TPT3 unnatural base pair (UBP). An alkyne-modified TPT3 ribonucleotide triphosphate (rTPT3COTP) is synthesized and site-specifically incorporated into large RNAs by in vitro transcription, which allows attachment of the azide-containing nitroxide through click chemistry. We validate this strategy using a 419-nucleotide Ribonuclease P (RNase P) RNA from Bacillus stearothermophilus. The effects of site-directed UBP incorporation and subsequent spin labeling to global structure and function of RNase P are marginal as evaluated by Circular Dichroism spectroscopy, Small Angle X-ray Scattering, and enzymatic assay. Continuous-wave EPR analyses reveal that the labeling reaction is efficient and specific, and Pulsed Electron-Electron Double Resonance measurements yield an inter-spin distance distribution that agrees well with the crystal structure. Thus, the labeling strategy as presented overcomes the size constraint of RNA labeling, opening new possibilities for application of EPR spectroscopy in investigating structure and dynamics of large RNA.
Natural Product Compounds in Alpinia officinarum and Ginger are Potent SARS-CoV-2 Papain-like Protease Inhibitors
Authors: Goswami Dibakar , Kumar Mukesh , Ghosh Sunil K. , Das Amit
Published: April 2020

SARS-CoV-2 or COVID-19 has caused more than 10,00,000 infections and ~55,000 deaths worldwide spanning over 203 countries, and the numbers are exponentially increasing. Due to urgent need of treating the SARS infection, many approved, pre-clinical, anti-viral, anti-malarial and anti-SARS drugs are being administered to patients. SARS-CoV-2 papain-like protease (PLpro) has a protease domain which cleaves the viral polyproteins a/b, necessary for its survival and replication, and is one of the drug target against SARS-CoV-2. 3D structures of SARS-CoV-2 PLpro were built by homology modelling. Two models having partially open and closed conformations were used in our study. Virtual screening of natural product compounds was performed. We prepared an in house library of compounds found in rhizomes, Alpinia officinarum, ginger and curcuma, and docked them into the solvent accessible S3-S4 pocket of PLpro. Eight compounds from Alpinia officinarum and ginger bind with high in silico affinity to closed PLpro conformer, and hence are potential SARS-CoV-2 PLpro inhibitors. Our study reveal new lead compounds targeting SARS-CoV-2. Further structure based modifications or extract formulations of these compounds can lead to highly potent inhibitors to treat SARS-CoV-2 infections.
Intensidade do vento de dois ciclones tropicais obtida por diferentes conjuntos de dados
Authors: Souza Christie Andre , Reboita Michelle Simões
Published: April 2020

Os ciclones tropicais quando atingem ventos com intensidade igual ou superior a 119 km/h desenvolvem uma estrutura conhecida como olho em seu centro. Já os ventos mais intensos do sistema são encontrados imediatamente após o olho. Num estudo recente para os ciclones Haiyan e Haima foi levantada a questão da qualidade dos dados do Global Forecast System (GFS) em representar os ventos uma vez que os ventos máximos apareceram no olho do sistema. Diante disso, esse estudo tem como objetivo avaliar como diferentes conjuntos de dados (GFS, ERA5, ERA-Interim e CCMP) representam os ventos nesses dois ciclones tropicais. A ERA5 e o GFS mostram ventos mais intensos nos ciclones do que os outros dois conjuntos de dados. Todos, exceto o GFS, mostram claramente ventos mais fracos no olho dos ciclones.  Wind intensity of two tropical cyclones obtained by different data sets A B S T R A C TWhen the tropical cyclones reach winds with intensity equal or higher than 119 km/h, they develop a structure known as the eye at its center. The strongest winds in the system are found immediately after the eye. In a recent study for Haiyan and Haima cyclones, the question of the quality of the Global Forecast System (GFS) data in representing the winds once the maximum winds appeared in the system eye was raised. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate how different data sets (GFS, ERA5, ERA-Interim and CCMP) represent the winds in these two tropical cyclones. ERA5 and GFS show cyclones with more intense winds than the other datasets. Except the GFS, the other data clearly show weaker winds in the cyclone eye.Keywords: analyzes; cyclones; meteorology; reanalysis
ANÁLISE DO IMPACTO DA CORREÇÃO ATMOSFÉRICA NO CÁLCULO DO ÍNDICE DE VEGETAÇÃO POR DIFERENÇA NORMALIZADA A PARTIR DE IMAGEM LANDSAT 8/OLI
Authors: Francisco Cristiane Nunes , Ruiz Paulo Roberto da Silva , Almeida Cláudia Maria de , Gruber Nina Cardoso , Anjos Camila Souza dos
Published: April 2020

As operações aritméticas efetuadas entre bandas espectrais de imagens de sensoriamento remoto necessitam de correção atmosférica para eliminar os efeitos atmosféricos na resposta espectral dos alvos, pois os números digitais não apresentam escala equivalente em todas as bandas. Índices de vegetação, calculados com base em operações aritméticas, além de caracterizarem a vegetação, minimizam os efeitos da iluminação da cena causados pela topografia. Com o objetivo de analisar a eficácia da correção atmosférica no cálculo de índices de vegetação, este trabalho comparou os Índices de Vegetação por Diferença Normalizada (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index - NDVI), calculados com base em imagens corrigidas e não corrigidas de um recorte de uma cena Landsat 8/OLI situado na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Os resultados mostraram que o NDVI calculado pela reflectância, ou seja, imagem corrigida, apresentou o melhor resultado, devido ao maior discriminação das classes de vegetação e de corpos d'água na imagem, bem como à minimização do efeito topográfico nos valores dos índices de vegetação.  Analysis of the atmospheric correction impact on the assessment of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index for a Landsat 8 oli image A B S T R A C TThe image arithmetic operations must be executed on previously atmospherically corrected bands, since the digital numbers do not present equivalent scales in all bands. Vegetation indices, calculated by means of arithmetic operations, are meant for both targets characterization and the minimization of illumination effects caused by the topography. With the purpose to analyze the efficacy of atmospheric correction in the calculation of vegetation indices with respect to the mitigation of atmospheric and topographic effects on the targets spectral response, this paper compared the NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) calculated using corrected and uncorrected images related to an inset of a Landsat 8 OLI scene from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The result showed that NDVI calculated from reflectance values, i.e, corrected images, presented the best results due to a greater number of vegetation patches and water bodies classes that could be discriminated in the image, as well the mitigation of the topographic effect in the vegetation indices values.Keywords: remote sensing, urban forest, atmospheric correction.
The agrarian historiography of Chile: Foundational interpretations, conventional reiterations, and critical revisionism
Authors: Robles Claudio
Published: April 2020

This article examines the development of Chilean agrarian historiography in the last four decades, by means of an introductory overview organized as a chronological reconstruction. It selectively focuses on relevant authors and works, the problems and questions they addressed, their main arguments and contributions, as well as their flaws and limitations. In doing so, the article constructs debates that never took place, because development of this field has been limited by the scarcity of specialized works, the different contexts in which they were produced, and the lack of institutional spaces for systematic debate. Agrarian historiography has only recently become a distinctive discipline in Chile and is therefore an incipient field. In the last fifteen years, a new revisionist agrarian historiography has begun to revitalize the study of Chilean rural history through critical dialogue with foundational interpretations from the 1970s, leaving behind the conventional reiterations of the 1980s.
THE CONCEPT RESEARCH OF DEVELOPMENT PEDAGOGICAL COMPETENCE OF A FUTURE TEACHER OF PSYCHOLOGY IN MAGISTRACY
Authors: Cherepekhina Olha
Published: April 2020

The article is devoted to presentations the author’s concept research of development pedagogical competence of a future teacher of psychology in a magistracy. Author build their own concept of further research based on such scientific-theoretical and methodological foundations such as: axiological; acmeological; activity; competence, professionography; system, personal and human-centered approaches. It is established that the phenomenon of pedagogical competence was studied by scientists from various conceptual approaches, which allowed the author to build his own concept of further research, based on scientific, theoretical and methodological principles.
TRENDS OF PROFESSIONAL TRAINING OF SPECIALISTS IN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES: QUALITY ASSURANCE (IQA) SYSTEM IN HIGHER EDUCATION
Authors: Zaskaleta Svetlana
Published: April 2020

The article analyzes the problem of ensuring the quality of higher education. Ukraine aims to be in the European trend towards modernization of higher education. Ensuring the quality of higher education is much planned and at the same time the availability of the necessary resources (academic and administrative staff, students, academic and administrative leaders; financial, material, informational, scientific, educational resources etc.); organization of educational process that most adequately reflect modern trends in the development of national and world economy and education; the control of educational activities at the higher education sector and the quality of training of specialists at all stages of training and at all levels: the higher education institution, for higher education in different national and international (European) level. Quality assurance requires a lot of preparatory work. This is an extended process that requires continuous improvement of the achieved performance.
The general tendency of professional training of specialists in the countries of the European space is determined.
It is to ensure the quality of higher education.
The quality assurance of higher education is governed by the legal framework of the countries (the Law on Higher Education and related by-laws). Higher education quality assurance tasks are carried out by the Agency for the Supervision and Quality Assurance of Higher Education, in accordance with EU legislation and recommendations in the field of higher education quality. It is noted that the mechanisms of quality assurance of higher education are constantly being improved, which is the key to the development of higher education systems in the countries of the European area. Quality assurance is a priority of the Bologna Process, but its mechanisms are not seen as a goal. Their ultimate goal is to improve the quality of teaching and research. The quality assurance bodies support the institutions in their further development and, equally, play a key role as defenders of the public interest.
Key components of the quality assurance system of higher education is to ensure the quality of education at the Universities, processes of quality assurance in education teaching and learning; approval monitoring and periodic review of programs for assessing the quality of teaching staff, educational resources and support for students of information systems
Quantile technique to precipitation, rainfall anomaly index and biophysical parameters by remote sensing in Serra Talhada, Pernambuco
Authors: Lins Frederico Abraão Costa , Da Silva Jhon Lennon Bezerra , Moura Geber Barbosa de Albuquerque , Ortiz Pedro Francisco Sanguino , Oliveira José Diorgenes Alves , Alves Maria Victtoria Carvalho
Published: April 2020

The occurrence of extreme events is a current reality that causes socioeconomic and environmental damages in the world. Increasingly, the occurrence of these events and their relation to anthropic actions are being investigated. Several methods have been used to identify and characterize extreme events to precipitation, mainly the quantile technique and the rainfall anomaly index (RAI). The objective of this paper was to identify years with extreme events to precipitation and to evaluate biophysical parameters to the surface by remote sensing through the use of orbital images. Parameters such as surface albedo, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) for years with extreme events were estimated using the ERDAS IMAGINE® 9.1 Software, from the implementation of the SEBAL algorithm. The study area is located in the municipality of Serra Talhada, Pernambuco. The thematic maps of the region were generated from the ArcGIS® 10.2.2 Software. For the Quantile of the years 1993, 1998, 2012, 2016 were classified as very dry, and for RAI the years 1993, 1998, 2012 were classified as extremely dry. The main differences between albedo and NDVI were observed through descriptive statistics. Quantile technique allowed the classification of annual precipitations, showing the interannual rainfall variability in the years 2011 and 2012, also confirming that the average for the normal years is characteristic of the semi-arid region. RAI allowed to identify the largest extreme events of precipitation in the years 1989 and 1998. The surface albedo had little variation due to the spatial and temporal analysis of the images, as did the NDVI. However, both the rainfall anomaly index and the Quantile technique are relevant and effective tools for rainfall classification and the remote sensing techniques as a tool to investigate the use and occupation of the soil, proved to be of great importance, helping the management and conservation of the soil.
Evaluation of vegetation cover from IVDN vegetation indexes: possible effects of climate change at Catimbau National Park
Authors: FONSECA RAYANE CAVALCANTI
Published: April 2020

The Catimbau National Park (Parna Catimbau) is an environmental conservation unit (CU) created by Decree Law No. 4,340, dated 08/22/2002, in accordance with Federal Law No. 9,985 (SNUC Law). This CU is characterized by being a National Archaeological Heritage by IPHAN and presenting a floristic diversity, which makes it an area of extreme biological importance. However, despite being a region defined by the Ministry of Environment as an integral protection unit, we can see in this area the presence of families and consequent anthropic activities such as agriculture, irrigated production, pastures and other agents that have been contributing to the modification of this Parna. This article aimed to map and evaluate the spectrum-temporal dynamics of the vegetation cover in the Catimbau National Park (PE) area and its possible relationships with climate change, in the period of 2003 and 2016. Remote Sensing techniques such as Normalized Difference Vegetation Index - IVDN, whose values vary in the range of -1 to 1, were applied to the Vegetation study assisted by Landsat 5, TM sensor and Landsat 8, OLI sensor satellite images. The software SPRING was manipulated to create a geographic database and for the development of programming aided by LEGAL in order to correct atmospheric influences, among other parameters. The responses of these analyzes and their respective problematic of the potential contributing factors indicated changes in the vegetation cover with the highest increase for the anthropic area (0.107-0.207) and Soil / Outcrop (0.207-0.307) for the year 2016. These expansions are characteristics of physical, environmental and anthropogenic factors, where they all contribute for hazardous situations in the area. These results indicate the need for social and environmental studies to support environmental management of this conservation unit of the Caatinga biome.
Use of remote sensing in the identification of Urban Heat Islands and in the evaluation of Human Thermal Comfort
Authors: Costa Rafaela Lisboa
Published: April 2020

The objective of this study was to identify heat islands and to evaluate the degree of thermal comfort / discomfort in selected urban areas. Landsat 5 and 8 satellite images were use in the thermal bands and, as a complement, observed data from meteorological stations present in the chosen cities. In order to evaluate heat islands and the degree of thermal comfort / discomfort, the surface temperature was obtain and the Kawamura Discomfort Index (IDK) was use. By means of surface temperature images, it was possible to identify the heat islands in these areas. For IDK, in spite of this index, in general, to present the situation of comfort, for some areas were observe situations of discomfort and heat stress due to the heat, mainly in the year of 2016, considered one of the hottest of this century. The use of observed data was necessary in order to corroborate with the information of the satellites.
Theory of Heat Exchange in Pipes With Turbulators With d/D = 0.95 ÷ 0.90 And t/D = 0.25 ÷ 1.00, and Also in Rough Pipes, by Air With Great Reynold’s Numbers Re = 106
Authors: Evgenjevich Lobanov Igor
Published: April 2020

Mathematical modeling of heat exchange in air in pipes with turbulators with d / D = 0.95 ÷ 0.90 and t / D = 0.25 ÷ 1.00, as well as in rough pipes, with large Reynolds numbers (Re = 106). The solution of the heat exchange problem for semicircular cross-section flow turbulizers based on multi-block computing technologies based on the factorized Reynolds equations (closed using the Menter shear stress transfer model) and the energy equation (on multi-scale intersecting structured grids) was considered. This method was previously successfully applied and verified by experiment in [1-4] for lower Reynolds numbers. The article continues the computational studies initiated in [1-4,25-27].
DEVELOPMENT OF SHAPE MEMORY ALLOY BASED QUARTER CAR SUSPENSION SYSTEM
Authors: Palaniappan Sathish Kumar , Rathanasamy Rajasekar , Chellamuthu Sivasenapathy , Pal Samir Kumar
Published: April 2020

It is well-known that suspension systems plays a major role in automotive technology. Most of the today’s vehicle applies a passive suspension systems consisting of a spring and damper. The design of automotive suspension have been a compromise between passenger comfort, suspension travel and road holding ability. This work aims in reducing the suspension travel alone by developing a quarter car model suspension for a passenger car to improve its performance by introducing shape memory alloy spring (Nitinol) instead of traditional spring. A two way shape memory alloy spring possesses two different stiffness in its two different phases (martensite and austenite). In this study, road profile is considered as a simple harmonic profile and vibration analysis of aminiature quarter car model suspension system has been carried out experimentally. Using theoretical method, the displacement of the sprung mass is also studied and discussed. The vibration analysis have been carried out for the suspension system at both phases of the spring and the results gives a significant improvement in reducing the displacement of sprung mass for various excitation frequencies.
IMPLEMENTASI KURIKULUM 2013 PADA PEMBELAJARAN PAI BAGI ANAK BERKEBUTUHAN KHUSUS DI SLB MUHAMMADIYAH SIDAYU GRESIK
Authors: Baroroh Hernik Rosyidatul , Muyasaroh Muyasaroh
Published: April 2020

Abstrak: Implementasi kurikulum 2013 pada pembelajaran PAI bagi Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus di SLB Muhammadiyah Gresik Sidayu Gresik. Skripsi Jurusan Pendidikan Agama Islam, Fakultas Agama Islam, Universitas Muhammadiyah Gresik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kondisi siswa di SMPLB Muhammadiyah Sidayu Gresik dan bagaimana implementasi kurikulum 2013 pada pembelajaran PAI bagi anak berkebutuhan khusus di sekolah tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Data yang diperoleh dalam penelitian ini melalui observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Dan berdasarkan data yang diperoleh tersebut peneliti analisis menggunakan analisis deskriptif, yaitu dengan mendeskripsikan atau menggambarkan apa adanya sesuai dengan hasil temuan di lapangan terkait implementasi kurikulum 2013 pada pembelajaran PAI bagi anak berkebutuhan khusus di SLB Muhammadiyah Gresik. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa SLB Muhammadiyah tepatnya di SMPLB Muhammadiyah Sidayu Gresik ini telah menggunakan kurikulum 2013, menjadikan siswa aktif dan senang untuk mengikuti pembelajaran terutama pembelajaran PAI. Dan kondisi siswa yang mana mereka berbeda-beda disabilitas dan kebutuhan di dalam satu kelas saat proses pembelajaran sehingga guru harus ekstra dalam menyampaikan materi. Di SLB sendiri keaktifan siswa sudah mulai terlihat saat menggunakan kurikulum 2013 seperti menirukan atau mempraktikkan apa yang telah diinstruksikan oleh pengajar. Implementasi kurikulum 2013 pada pembelajaran PAI bagi anak berkebutuhan khusus dirasa sudah cukup baik dalam standar sekolah luar biasa walaupun masih ada beberapa kendala.
FLIP FABRIC AND NAME BOARD (CASE STUDY IN PANGKALPINANG CITY, BANGKA BELITUNG ISLANDS)
Authors: Arrosyad Muhammad Iqbal , Suryadin Asyraf , Prayitno Harun Joko
Published: April 2020

This study aims to explain the forms of fabrik range errors and nameplate in the City of Pangkalpinang, Bangka Belitung Islands and find out the factors behind the occurrence of errors in the use of Indonesian in the fabric range and nameplate in the City of Pangkalpinang, Islands. Bangka Belitung. The method used in this research is qualitative descriptive method. The data collection technique used is the triangulation technique which consists of observation, documentation, and interviews. The subjects in this study were all fabric ranges and nameplate in the city of Pangkalpinang, Bangka Belitung Islands which experienced errors in writing with the use of Indonesian. The results of this study are: the form of class that is often done is in writing sentences in foreign languages, the use of non-standard words, the use of abbreviated words that are not explained, and the use of local languages. and the lack of understanding of the owner of the fabric, the education of the owner or maker cannot be biased because there are still errors even though the education is high through S2, then the purpose of making it does not pay attention to the rules of writing. and almost all spandex fabric or nameplate no one gives input or criticism, it's just that there are some from the public who ask questions related to writing or related businesses.
Оцінка впливу колірного і графічного оформлення контенту сайту на його конверсію
Authors: Гаврилов В.П.
Published: April 2020

Показана фізіологія впливу колірної палітри сайту на психологію користувача і, як наслідок, на його конверсію. Показано, що оптичні, геометричні ілюзії і колірний контраст є основними факторами, які спотворюють колірну палітру сайту. Запропоновано алгоритм оцінки кольорової палітри сайтів на основі теоретико-множинного підходу і сформульовані рекомендації по її корекції.
PERBEDAAN SHELTER TERHADAP TINGKAT PENETASAN TELUR IKAN LELE SANGKURIANG Clarias gariepinus
Authors: Mutalib Yanti
Published: April 2020

Ketersediaan telur merupakan salah satu ukuran keberhasilan budidaya ikan, cara yang dilakukan untuk meningkatakan keberhasilan proses penetasan telur adalah dengan pengadaan substrat tempat meletakkan telur. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan tingkat penetasan telur ikan lele sangkuriang C. gariepinus terhadap penggunaan shelter yang berbeda. Sedangkan kegunaan dari penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi bahan informasi yang berguna bagi pembudidaya dalam meningkatkan produktifitas pemijahan. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan September sampai Oktober 2016 di Balai Benih Ikan (BBI), Kecamatan Toili, Kabupaten Banggai. Rancangan yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan tiga perlakuan yaitu shelter ijuk, shelter alang-alang dan shelter sabut kelapa masing-masing diulang sebanyak tiga kali. Analisis data menggunakan analisis sidik ragam, bila terjadi perbedaan diantara perlakuan dilanjutkan dengan uji LSD. Hasil uji statistik menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan shelter terhadap daya tetas telur berbeda sangat nyata (p<0.01). Hasil analisis ragam menunjukkan bahwa persentase daya tetas telur ikan lele sangkuriang pada perlakuan shelter ijuk (78±3) adalah yang terbaik, diikuti perlakuan shelter sabut kelapa (74±1) dan terendah pada perlakuan shelter alang-alang (63±1). Kualitas air selama penelitian terbilang optimal dengan kisaran suhu 25-27̊C dan pH 7-7,5.
Jenis-jenis tipe data
Authors: W Yogga Pratama
Published: April 2020

Struktur data adalah cara penyimpanan , pengorganisasian , dan pengaturan data di dalam media penyimpanan komputer sehingga data tersebut dapat digunakan secara efisien.Algoritma adalah sederetan langkah-langkah logis yang disusun secara sistematis untuk memecahkan suatu masalah. Disebut Logis karena setiap langkah bisa diketahui dengan pasti. Algoritma lebih merupakan alur pemikiran untuk menyelesaikan suatu pekerjaan atau suatu masalah.pascal adalah bahasa pemrograman prosedural, yang dirancang pada tahun 1968 dan diterbitkan pada tahun 1970 oleh Niklaus Wirth dan dinamai untuk menghormati matematikawan dan filsuf Perancis Blaise Pascal. Pascal berjalan pada berbagai platform, seperti Windows, Mac OS, dan berbagai versi UNIX / Linux.program adalah himpunan atau kumpulan instruksi tertulis yang dibuat oleh programmer atau suatu bagian executable dari suatu software. Orang yang membuat program sering disebut sebagai pemrograman atau programmer.Aktivitas membuat program disebut sebagai pemrograman. Jadi pemrograman merupakan suatu kumpulan urutan perintah ke komputer untuk mengerjakan sesuatu. Perintah-perintah ini membutuhkan suatu bahasa tersendiri. Sebagaimana bahasa manusia, bahasa pemrograman memiliki kaidah tertentu yang dapat dimengerti oleh komputer.
LIA_AULINA_165100113
Authors: aulina Lia
Published: April 2020

Audit adalah aktivitas pengumpulan dan pemeriksaan bukti terkait suatu informasi untuk menentukan dan membuat laporan tentang tingkat kesesuaian antara informasi dengan kriteria yang ditetapkan.Umumnya pemeriksaan atau auditing dilakukan terhadap laporan keuangan, berbagai catatan pembukuan, serta bukti pendukung yang dibuat oleh manajemen suatu perusahaan. Proses auditing dilakukan oleh auditor, yaitu seseorang yang memiliki komptensi untuk mengaudit dan sifatnya independen.Tujuan dilakukannya audit adalah untuk memverifikasi subjek dari audit apakah telah sesuai dengan regulasi, standar, dan metode yang disetujuai oleh perusahaan.Kata Kunci : Pengumpulan dan pemeriksaan informasi
Implanting False Autobiographical Memories for Repeated Events
Authors: Calado Bruna , Luke Timothy John , Connolly Deb , Landström Sara , Otgaar Henry
Published: April 2020

Research to date has exclusively focused on the implantation of false memories for single events. The current experiment is the first proof of concept that false memories can be implanted for repeated autobiographical experiences using an adapted false memory implantation paradigm. We predicted that false memory implantation approaches for repeated events would generate fewer false memories compared to the classic implantation method for single events. We assigned students to one of three implantation conditions in our study: Standard, Repeated, and Gradual. Participants underwent three interview sessions with a 1-week interval between sessions. In the Standard condition, we exposed participants to a single-event implantation method in all three interviews. In the Repeated condition, participants underwent a repeated-event implantation method in the three interviews. The Gradual condition also consisted of a repeated-event implantation method, however, in the first interview alone, we suggested to participants that they had experienced the false narrative once. Surprisingly, within our sample, false memories rates in the Standard condition were not higher compared to the Repeated and Gradual conditions. Although sometimes debated, our results imply that false memories for repeated events can be implanted in lab conditions, likely with the same ease as false memories for single events.
The Nature of Attachment Systems
Authors: Barbaro Nicole
Published: April 2020

Attachment theory is an enduring and generative framework for understanding infant and romantic relationships. As a lifespan phenomenon, attachment research has focused largely on developmental processes and how to link the infant attachments with later close relationships, but there has been comparably less scholarly attention targeted at the evolutionary origins and functionality of romantic attachments, in particular. Here, I advance a two-system approach to attachment, proposing that infant attachments and romantic attachments constitute etiologically distinct systems that evolved in response to different selection pressures, serve different evolutionary functions, and are fundamentally different in nature with regard to operation and necessity toward their respective evolutionary goals. This two-system approach has downstream implications for future attachment research, most notably with regard to how the romantic attachment system develops over the lifespan, and the extent to which romantic attachments guide the formation of relationships in adulthood.
Making Decisions about Service Provision for Clients with Low Back Pain: Perspectives of Canadian Physiotherapy Professionals
Authors: Orozco Tatiana , Laliberté Maude , Mazer Barbara , Hunt Matthew , Williams-Jones Bryn , Feldman Debbie Ehrmann
Published: April 2020

Purpose: This study identified the individuals responsible for making decisions about physiotherapy (PT) wait time, frequency of treatment, and treatment duration for persons with low back pain and determined which factors guided these decisions. Method: A cross-sectional survey was sent to Canadian PT professionals treating adult patients with musculoskeletal problems. It included a clinical vignette describing a patient with low back pain. Respondents were asked who made decisions about wait time, treatment frequency, and treatment duration as well as on which factors they based these decisions. Results: Clinicians were most often responsible for making decisions about treatment frequency and duration. Although clinicians and managers or coordinators were mainly responsible for making decisions about wait time, there was more variability depending on sector of care: in the private sector, administrative assistants played a much larger role. Clinical judgment, clinical guidelines, and patients’ demands were the predominant factors influencing wait time and frequency decisions. Treatment duration was related to patients’ goals, clinical progression, patients’ motivation, and patients’ return to work. Conclusions: Decisions about service provision for wait times are made by a range of stakeholders, and a wide variety of factors guide Canadian PT professionals’ decision making. Identifying these factors is essential for informing a discussion of decisions about evidence-based and equitable service delivery so that the actors involved can reach a consensus.
Controlled Carbonitriding and Simulation of Carbonitriding Process
Authors: Skalecki M. G. , Klümper-Westkamp H. , Winter K.-M. , Zoch H.-W.
Published: April 2020

Carbonitriding serves to improve the properties of steel components. The carbon and nitrogen content and the microstructure comprising martensite, retained austenite, and finely distributed nitrides and carbides are significant parameters determining the properties of a component. Our present knowledge posits that these multi-phase microstructures represent optimal material conditions. The reliability of a process is strongly dependent on the process control. Previous studies examined the use of ammonia sensors in the exhaust gas to determine atmospheric nitrogen potemtial. Such measurements were used to establish the equilibrium ratios in the austenite. Phase diagrams were also found for corresponding alloy systems in order to determine maximum solubilities and precipitation in the presence of interacting carbon and nitrogen content. To further improve the reliability of carbonitriding, this final project discusses the simulation of carbon and nitrogen profiles and the precipitation state of carbides and nitrides in order to develop further controlled carbonitriding towards ensuring the reliable results of heat treatment processes.
PEMANFAATAN APLIKASI SEBAGAI MEDIA BANTU EDUKASI AGAMA ISLAM UNTUK ANAK USIA DINI
Authors: Guntoro Guntoro Barovih
Published: April 2020

Penggunaan teknologi dalam kegiatan belajar menjadi sangat penting, karena pemanfaatan teknologi, perangkat lunak dalam kegiatan belajar sangat membantu para pengajar dalam menyampaikan materi pembelajaran serta mendorong minat siswa dalam belajar. TPA Darul Quddus unit 232 merupakan mitra dalam kegiatan PKM ini, dimana dalam kegiatan belajar dan mengajarnya masih menggunakan cara pembelajaran yang konvensional tanpa memanfaatkan teknologi dan perangkat lunak pembelajaran sehingga terkesan monoton dan membosankan bagi anak-anak generasi alpha. Tujuan dari pengabdian ini adalah mengedukasikan penggunaan teknologi dalam kegiatan belajar mengajar. Metode pelaksanaan pengabdian ini dilakukan dengan cara pengamatan langsung pada tenaga pengajar dan siswa, wawancara dan pengujian pre test dan post test pada tenaga pengajar. Luaran dari pengabdian ini menghasilkan 2 aplikasi pembelajaran berbasis desktop dan mobile, 1 aplikasi multimedia dan 1 aplikasi  manajemen tata kelola TPA. Hasil pengukuran pre test dan post test ternjadi peningkatan kemampuan, penguasaan dan pemanfaatan teknologi dan perangkat lunak dalam kegiatan belajar dan mengajar.
Coğrafya Bölümü Öğrencilerinin Doğal Afetlere Yönelik Farkındalıklarının Mekânsal Düşünme Bağlamında Analizi
Authors: SÖZCÜ Ufuk , AYDINÖZÜ Duran
Published: April 2020

Mekânsal düşünme coğrafya biliminde önemli bir yere sahiptir. Coğrafya bireyin dünyayı anlama ve tanımasına önemli katkılar sağlayan bir bilim dalı olarak mekânla iç içe bir yapıdadır. Her türlü coğrafi olayın mekânla ilişkilendirilmesi ve hayatla bağlantısının kurulması önem arz etmektedir. Bunlardan bir tanesi de doğal afetlerdir. Bu nedenle araştırmada coğrafya bölümünde öğrenim gören öğrencilerin mekânsal düşünme bağlamında doğal afetlere yönelik farkındalıklarını incelemek amaçlanmıştır. Yöntemin anlık tarama modeli olarak kullanıldığı araştırmada veriler, Kastamonu Üniversitesi Coğrafya bölümü 3. ve 4. sınıflarda öğrenim gören 54 öğrenciden toplanmıştır. Bu grubun seçilmesindeki amaç araştırma konusu ile ilgili geçerli veriler elde etmek için Kastamonu’da belirli bir süre yaşamış öğrencilerin tercih edilmesidir. Bu nedenle araştırmada amaçsal örnekleme yöntemlerinden ölçüt örneklem tercih edilmiştir. Araştırmada veriler yarı yapılandırılmış anket formu ile toplanmıştır. Elde edilen veriler içerik analizine tabi tutularak incelenmiştir. Ortaya çıkan sonuçlara göre coğrafya bölümü öğrencilerinin anket formunda kitaplarda yazan bilgilere ait sorular sorulduğunda verdikleri doğru cevap oranlarının daha yüksek olduğu ancak mekâna dair çıkarımlar ve gözlemler gerektiren sorularda doğru cevapların azaldığı tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca mekânı anlamanın yanında mekânı analiz etmenin gerekli olduğu mekânsal düşünmenin ölçüldüğü sorulardaki açıklamaların yeterli olmadığı görülmüştür. Çıkan sonuçlara göre coğrafya bölümlerinde mekânsal düşünmeyi geliştirecek, uygulama ağırlıklı ve doğal afetlere yönelik derslerin artırılması önerisinde bulunulmuştur.
Study on the use of sludge farming of catfish as organic fertilizer and evaluate its effectiveness in agriculture
Authors: Nguyen Huyen Khon , Hai Le Thanh , Tra Tung Van , Viet Thang Nguyen , Thi Hieu Tran , Nguyen Thu Hong Anh , Thi Thu Huyen Dong , Thi Phuong Thao Nguyen
Published: April 2020

The purpose of this study is to reuse fishpond sediment to produce organic fertilizer for planting maize. The sludge was mixed with rice husk and Composted under aerobic conditions. The effectiveness of Compost on planting maizes was assessed by adding to maizes with and without combination chemical fertilizers as different dosages as recommendations. The amounts of Compost adding for maizes were 10 and 20 tons/ha. Maize growth, characteristics of corn, and soil physical and chemical parameters such as bulk density, soil aggregate stability, the volume of moisture, and useful moisture of soil were measured and evaluated. The results showed that the quality of organic fertilizer produced from waste sludge met Vietnamese standard (QCVN:2018/BNNPTNT) for adding to crops. Applying organic fertilizer with the quantity of 20 tons/ha to combine with the recommendation of inorganic fertilizer amount for planting maizes increased the yield. Moreover, 20 ton/ha of organic fertilizer coupling with 50% of chemical fertilizer amount as a recommendation for planting maize also enhanced the yield to compare with the control (only using inorganic fertilizer as a recommendation). The maize yield of applying 20 tons/ha of organic fertilizer was higher than the maize yield of 10 tons/ha of organic fertilizer. Using organic fertilizer produced by fishpond sediment did improve not only the soil quality but also protected the canals and increased household income.
Alcohol Consumption Detection Using Smart Helmet System
Authors: Maheswari K. , Madhumitha U. , Madhusurya S. , Divya T.
Published: April 2020

Internet of Things (IoT) consists of smart devices which can sense the environment and performs the data interaction with the users by handling the large volume of data and also provide the numerous services to the users. It also plays the significant role in Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) using the Cognition ability. One of the primary causes for the road accidents is consumption of alcohol. Driving under the influence (DUI) or Driving While Intoxicated (DWI), and involves operating a vehicle with Blood Alcohol Content (BAC) level of at least 0.08 percent is considered as the punishable offense. In order to identify and prevent the driving with alcohol consumption, the ITS system can be designed with IoT based smart helmet system. The IoT system performs the data validation using the Bayesian Algorithm which significantly detects the alcohol consumption of the rider. And the system also provides the provision to control and ride the bike if and only if the rider does not consume the alcohol.
Implementation of Lexical Analysis on Assignment Statements in C++ Programming Language
Authors: Lin Oo Zaw , Sandar Kyin Mya
Published: April 2020

A compiler is a computer program that translates computer code written in one programming language (the source language) into another language (the target language). The name compiler is primarily used for programs that translate source code from a high-level programming language to a lower level language [7]. The three main processes of compilation are lexical analysis, syntax analysis and semantic analysis. A compiler has two components, front-end and back-end. Front-end portion of a compiler has to do to main tasks lexical analysis and syntax analysis. On the lexical analysis, input source code are scanned and tokenized into various tokens [6]. In the system, front-end portion of the compiler, lexical analysis is used. There are many token elements in C++ programming language. In this system, line break token, white space tokens (space and tab) and operators (+,-,*,/,=,+= and so on) are used as token elements for the assignment statements of C++ source program. This system is taken all the assignment statements of C++ program as input. Of course, the extracted assignment statements may be literals or values assignment statement (e.g. x=3; or pi= 3.142;), variable assignment statement (e.g. x=y; or x=z;) and expression assignment statement (e.g. a=b+c; or x=y*z; or a=b*(c+d); and produced symbol table, step by step recognized table by using finite state automata and lexeme table.
Aspect-Based Sentiment Analysis Using Smart Company and Hotel Aspect Review Data
Authors: Selvi C. , C. P Niveda.
Published: April 2020

Digital sources such as smart applications opinions and online feedback statistics are crucial resources to be seeking for customers’ remarks and input. However, the reviews are often disorganized, leading to difficulties in information navigation and knowledge acquisition. The aforementioned problem is overcome by generating aspect-sentiment based embedding for the hotels and companies by looking into reliable reviews of them. The important product aspects are identified based on two observations: 1) the important aspects are usually commented on by a large number of consumers and 2) consumer opinions on the important aspects greatly influence their overall opinions. Aspect frequency and the influence of consumer opinions given to each aspect over their overall opinions are identified for hotel reviews whereas for company reviews approach adopts language processing techniques, policies, and lexicons to address several sentiment evaluation challenges, and convey summarized results. Moreover, aspect ranking achieve significant performance improvements, which demonstrate the capacity of aspect ranking in facilitating real-world applications.
O processo de recrutamento e seleção em uma cooperativa de crédito
Authors: Ferreira Ana Clara Resende , Carlos Greiciani Assunção , Gonçalves Marise de Oliveira , Moreira Andréia Aparecida Silva
Published: April 2020

O processo de Recrutamento e Seleção foi escolhido neste trabalho por ser o primeiro passo da empresa na área de Gestão de Recursos Humanos, visando contratar o perfil mais adequado para o profissional que está buscando. Este trabalho tem o objetivo não só de entender como é realizado o recrutamento e seleção da Cooperativa, mas também expressar a teoria deste processo e o que está acontecendo na prática da organização. O estudo sobre o processo de recrutamento e seleção em uma cooperativa de crédito será de extrema importância, visto que, a cobrança por melhores resultados, por um atendimento ao cliente qualificado e por inovações surpreendentes está aumentando a cada dia que passa. O procedimento metodológico para coleta e operacionalização das informações dessa pesquisa se caracteriza como descritiva, bibliográfica; quantos aos meios se classifica como um estudo de caso, com abordagem qualitativa e quantitativa. Essa análise teve como base análise documentos do departamento pessoal e do setor de recursos humanos, observações do ambiente de trabalho e entrevistas semiestruturadas; o universo da pesquisa foi uma Cooperativa de Crédito, onde a amostra intencional foi representada pelo Diretor Coordenador Administrativo, a Analista de Recursos Humanos e a Auxiliar de Departamento Pessoal. Os resultados obtidos indicam que apesar de utilizar técnicas eficazes, o processo de recrutamento e seleção da Cooperativa necessita de aperfeiçoamento.

Palavras-chaves: Recrutamento, Seleção, Cooperativa, Profissionais.
A responsabilidade da justiça eleitoral frente às propagandas eleitorais em plataformas digitais
Authors: Bonato Isabelle Emy , Granado Karina
Published: April 2020

O estudo questiona a confiabilidade das plataformas digitais de mídias sociais nas propagandas eleitorais e a responsabilidade da Justiça Eleitoral neste contexto. Analisa sobre a necessidade da Justiça Eleitoral em regulamentar o uso dessas plataformas e indaga se o uso das redes sociais como plataforma de propaganda eleitoral fere a Democracia. É notório nos veículos da mídia em todo o mundo que existem meios digitais de se obter informações pessoais e de se direcionar informações, verdadeiras ou não, a públicos específicos. Desta forma, o uso de mídia social como plataforma de propaganda eleitoral pode não ser seguro, podendo ser facilmente manipulado e, portanto, o presente estudo analisa se o Tribunal Superior Eleitoral deveria regulamentar o uso da mesma observando o Princípio da Lisura das Eleições que garante a livre formação da vontade do eleitor e a igualdade entre os candidatos, zelando pela democracia brasileira.

Palavras-chave: Democracia, mídia social, eleições.
PERTANGGUNG-JAWABAN KEJAHATAN YANG DILAKUKAN DALAM LAYANAN FREE WIFI MENURUT UU NO 11 TAHUN 2008 TENTANG INFORMASI DAN TRANSAKSI ELEKTRONIK
Authors: Wulan Evi Retno
Published: April 2020

In this globalization era, free wifi internet network is also widespread and availablein every place, like offices, schools, cafes and other places. Indeed, development of theInternet using can provide a lot ofpositive things, like to ease of getting information,but also there are a lot of negative things that can arise from the internet using. Forexample cyber crimes (done in or through the Internet), such asstealing identity,phishing, cyber harrasement etc. Although late, Indonesia already has the rule thatregulate the flow of information and communication through the internet with UU ITENo 11/2008, but there are still many obstacles in the application of UU ITE No11/2008, due to the process of inquiry, investigation and proving difficult and thereadiness of human resources that very less. Beside that problems, there a manyarticles not suitable or difficult to apply in dealing with cases of cyber crime. Theproblems related toissues such as jurisdiction, determining locus and tempus delicti(time of criminal action), the accountability for foreign who came from abroad is verycomplicated to get the evidence.Keywords: cyber, free wifi, crime, cybercrime service