bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Experimental Demonstration of Adaptive Bit and Power Loading Algorithm for OFDM-NOMA PON
Authors: Wang Geyang , Fan Zhaoquan , Zhao Jian
Published: October 2021

We propose the first adaptive bit-and-power loading scheme for OFDM-NOMA-PON and demonstrate in a 54-Gbit/s 20-km PON that this scheme outperforms conventional OFDM- NOMA and DFT-S-OFDM-NOMA when ONUs have different transmission distances or different power loss.
Tutorial Programmable Photonics
Authors: Bogaerts Wim
Published: October 2021

We present the new field of programmable photonic circuits. We introduce the evolution from specialized photonic circuits to general-purpose photonic processors, and describe the layers in the technology stack and their challenges.
Lossless Silicon Photonic ROADM based on a Si3N4 platform and a Monolithically Integrated Erbium Doped Amplifier
Authors: Vagionas C. , Tsakyridis A. , Chrysostomidis T. , Roumpos I. , Fotiadis K. , Manolis A. , Mu J. , Dijkstra M. , Blanco SM Garcia , Oldenbeuving R. M. , van Dijk P. W. L. , Roeloffzen C. G.H. , Vyrsokinos K. , Pleros N. , Alexoudi T.
Published: October 2021

The first demonstration of a lossless four-port silicon photonic ROADM-node based on a monolithic-integrated spiral Al2O3:Er3+ Erbium Doped Waveguide Amplifier and MZI-interleaver layout on a Si3N4 platform is presented, routing a 4×50Gb/s WDM data-traffic capacity.
Wideband Laser Linewidth Reduction Using a Hybrid Integrated Phase Noise Filter
Authors: Idjadi Mohamad Hossein , Aflatouni Firooz
Published: October 2021

The first nanophotonic phase noise filter is demonstrated that reduces laser linewidth from 2.55 MHz to 4 kHz and from 200 kHz to 320 Hz. The electronic and photonic chips occupy 3 mm2 of area.
Distributed Acoustic Sensing for Seismic Monitoring
Authors: Gonzalez-Herraez Miguel , Fernandez-Ruiz Maria R. , Magalhaes Regina , Costa Luis , Martins Hugo F. , Becerril Carlos , Martin-Lopez Sonia , Williams Ethan , Zhan Zhongwen , Vantilho Roel
Published: October 2021

Optical fiber networks can be transformed into powerful seismic sensing arrays through Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS). We review here the principles of DAS and the opportunities it offers in seismic monitoring, particularly in the sea-bottom.
Prospects for Optical Transceivers Expanding to Access, Metro and Long-Haul
Authors: Frankel Michael Y.
Published: October 2021

WAN transport is critical to ultra-mobile users need for access to cloud processing and content. Power efficiency continues to improve both due to more efficient hardware and optimized resource utilization through intelligent software and automation.
Getting to femtojoule optics – what physics and what technology?
Authors: Miller David A. B.
Published: October 2021

Optical physics and well-chosen intimately-integrated devices allow dense, low-energy communications if we also use optical parallelism and timing precision to eliminate most receiver, time-multiplexing and timing circuits that otherwise dissipate most of the energy.
Thermo-optic Mach–Zehnder Interferometer Integrated with Si PN Diode Switch for Bipolar Optical Phase Control
Authors: Tang Hanzhi , Ohno Shuhei , Miyatake Yuto , Toprasertpong Kasidit , Takagi Shinichi , Takenaka Mitsuru
Published: October 2021

We demonstrated the bipolar phase control in Mach–Zehnder interferometer by serial connection of TiN heaters and PN diodes. We achieved 2π phase shift with single electrical signal, and pulse amplitude modulation for time-multiplexed control.
Advanced Single-Mode 850 nm VCSELs for Record NRZ and PAM4 Data Rate on SMF-28 Fiber up to 1 km
Authors: Qiu Junyi , Wu Dufei , Wang Hsiao-Lun , Feng Milton , Yu Xin
Published: October 2021

Temperature-stable single-mode 850 nm VCSELs with integrated mode-selective filters are developed and demonstrated record NRZ 38 Gb/s (25 °C), NRZ 32 Gb/s (70 °C) and PAM4 32 GBaud (25 °C) on 1 km standard single-mode fiber (SMF-28).
850-nm Dual-Mode VCSEL Carried 53-Gbps NRZ- OOK Transmission in 100-m Graded-Index Single-Mode Fiber
Authors: Lee Shao-Yung , Chen Xin , Lo Wei-Chi , Li Kangmei , Wang Chia-Hsuan , Tsai Cheng-Ting , Cheng Chih-Hsien , Wu Chao-Hsin , Kuo Hao-Chung , Li Ming-Jun , Lin Gong-Ru
Published: October 2021

We demonstrated transmission of 850-nm dual-mode VCSEL carried NRZ- OOK data at 53 Gbit/s over 100 m graded-index single-mode fiber through heterogeneous mode-field mismatched coupling from lensed MMF with 40% efficiency or 4dB loss.
Cryogenic Oxide-VCSELs with Bandwidth over 50 GHz at 82 K for Next-Gen High-Speed Computing
Authors: Fu Wenning , Wu Haonan , Wu Dufei , Feng Milton , Deppe Dennis
Published: October 2021

A Cryo-VCSEL with f
-3db
> 50 GHz has been demonstrated at 82 K. Preliminary 44- Gb/s NRZ and 51.5625-Gb/s PAM-4 transmission for an optical data link from cryogenic environment to room temperature with a packaged 50-GHz oxide-VCSEL at 77 K are reported.
A High-skew-tolerant and Hardware-efficient Adaptive Equalizer for Short-reach Coherent Transmission
Authors: Zhang Tingting , Xiang Qian , Zhang Sen , Liu Lei , Zuo Tianjian
Published: October 2021

A hardware-efficient adaptive equalization with high robustness to timing skew is proposed for digital coherent short-reach transmission. Complexity reduction of 57% and 19% is experimentally demonstrated, compared with conventional MIMO and other simplified algorithms.
Long Short-Term Memory Neural Network for Mitigating Transmission Impairments of 160 Gbit/s PAM4 Microring Modulation
Authors: Peng Ching-Wei , Chan David W.U , Tong Yeyu , Chow Chi-Wai , Liu Yang , Yeh Chien-Hung , Tsang Hon Ki
Published: October 2021

We propose and design a Long-Short-Term-Memory (LSTM) algorithm to mitigate transmission impairments of 4-level-pulse-amplitude-modulation (PAM4) produced by silicon- microring-modulator (Si-MRM). 160-Gbit/s PAM4 over 1-km single-mode-fiber (SMF) is achieved satisfying the pre-forward-error-correction (FEC) requirement.
LiDAR integrated high-capacity indoor OWC system with user localization capability
Authors: Li Zhi , Zang Zihan , Li Mutong , Fu H. Y.
Published: October 2021

We demonstrated an indoor beam-steered optical wireless communication system with a downlink transmission of 17 Gbps at 3-meter distance and it features calibration-free user terminal localization enabled by a LiDAR of millimeter level ranging accuracy.
Photon-Counting LIDAR Based on a Fractal SNSPD
Authors: Hu Nan , Feng Yifan , Xu Liang , Meng Yun , Zou Kai , Gyger Samuel , Steinhauer Stephan , Zwiller Val , Hu Xiaolong
Published: October 2021

We report on a photon-counting LIDAR system based on a polarization- insensitive fractal SNSPD with high detection efficiency and high timing resolution, and showcase depth imaging of an object at 1560 nm with millimeter depth resolution. © 2021 The Author(s)
Real-time Demonstration of 5G MMW Beamforming and Tracking Using Integrated Visible Light Positioning System
Authors: Hsu Chin-Wei , Su Shang-Jen , Chen You-Wei , Zhou Qi , Alfadhli Yahya , Chang Gee-Kung
Published: October 2021

A real-time millimeter wave beamforming and tracking technique is developed and experimentally demonstrated to achieve fast connection and agile tracking within 2 ms to different directions through an integrated machine-learning based visible light positioning system.
High Performance Microwave Photonic Downconversion in a Commercial InP Platform
Authors: Bottenfield Christian G. , Hoff Michael , Thomas Varghese A , Winoto Ardy , Zhou Yuchun , Bhardwaj Ashish , Hoefler Gloria E. , DeSalvo Richard , Ralph Stephen E.
Published: October 2021

We demonstrate InP’s photonic integration promise for high performance microwave photonic applications through the realization and characterization of a monolithically integrated photonic downconverter achieving 104 dB∙Hz2/3 SFDR and near unity gain of -0.8 dB.
A Power-Efficient 20–35 GHz MZM Driver with Programmable Linearizer in 28nm CMOS
Authors: Luo Yu-Lun , Ershadi Ali , Rady Ramy , Entesari Kamran , Palermo Samuel
Published: October 2021

A power-efficient CMOS Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM) driver operating over wide 20-35GHz frequency range with a programmable linearizer is reported. The proposed linearizer can compensate for AM-AM compression, extending output power 1-dB compression point by 3dB.
Optical Up/Down-conversion of OFDM Wireless Signals based on Ultracompact Silicon Optomechanical Cavities
Authors: Mercadé Laura , Morant Maria , Griol Amadeu , Llorente Roberto , Martínez Alejandro
Published: October 2021

We demonstrate all-optical up- and down-conversion of IEEE 802.16 WiMAX OFDM signals using an ultracompact silicon optomechanical crystal cavity operated in the phonon lasing regime at 4 GHz.
Programmable, high-speed all-optical nonlinear activation functions for neuromorphic photonics
Authors: Jha Aashu , Huang Chaoran , Prucnal Paul R.
Published: October 2021

We experimentally demonstrate programmable, all-optical nonlinear activation functions, including: rectified linear unit (ReLU), inverse-ReLU and quadratic functions, on a silicon-nitride platform at a remarkable speed of 10 Gbps, enabling real-time processing on all-purpose photonic hardware.
High-Performance Neuromorphic Computing Based on Photonic Technologies
Authors: Stark P. , Weiss J. , Dangel R. , Horst F. , Geler-Kremer J. , Offrein B.J.
Published: October 2021

Dedicated technology platforms gain interest for enhancing the performance and efficiency of neuromorphic computing. We demonstrate integrated optic devices for convolutional signal processing and neural network training.
Performance Studies of 3D-Hyper-FleX-LION for HPC Applications
Authors: Liu Zhiyan , Proietti Roberto , Chen Xiaoliang , Yoo S.J.Ben
Published: October 2021

This paper studies the performance of 3D-Hyper-FleX-LION for HPC systems. The simulation results obtained for different HPC applications (i.e. Fill Boundary, Crystal Router, MiniFE, and MiniDFT) show up to 2.8× improvements in throughput per watt when compared with a Fat-Tree with no oversubcription.
Demonstration of Crosstalk-Free WDM Demultiplexing on Si Nanowire PIC Controlled by Si CMOS ASIC
Authors: Akiyama Tomoyuki , Nishizawa Motoyuki , Sugama Akio , Nakasha Yasuhiro , Tanaka Shinsuke , Tanaka Yu , Oda Shoichiro , Hoshida Takeshi
Published: October 2021

We demonstrate fully automatic suppression of crosstalk, inevitable in WDM demultiplexers on Si nanowire PIC. This is realized with a low-cost CMOS ASIC dedicatedly designed for low-power control of our proposed CAT demultiplexer. It is shown to have zero OSNR penalty even under continuous control required to cancel dynamic environmental change.
Integrated Photonic Interrogator with On-Chip References
Authors: Koste Glen P. , Cheng Baokai , Tsakalakos Loucas
Published: October 2021

We describe a silicon integrated photonic interrogator with on-chip wavelength and temperature referencing for absolute measurements. We demonstrate fiber Bragg grating interrogation with ±1oC temperature accuracy without thermo-electric coolers.
Multi-core Fiber Technology for SDM: Coupling Mechanisms and Design
Authors: Saitoh Kunimasa
Published: October 2021

This tutorial will describe coupling mechanism and design issues in multi-core fibers for SDM. The effect of random perturbations on the inter-core crosstalk in uncoupled MCFs and modal dispersion in coupled MCFs will be discussed.
GAWBS Noise Correlation Between Cores in Four-Core Fiber
Authors: Sato Kozo , Yoshida Masato , Kasai Keisuke , Hirooka Toshihiko , Nakazawa Masataka
Published: October 2021

We describe the correlation between GAWBS noise in each core in four-core fiber both experimentally and analytically. The correlation of TRn,m modes in each core was found to depend strongly on the order-n and birefringence.
Standard cladding diameter multi-core fiber technology
Authors: Matsui Takashi , Yamada Yusuke , Sagae Yuto , Nakajima Kazuhide
Published: October 2021

We show progress of standard 125 μm-cladding multi-core fiber (MCF) technology for cable deployment and its standardization. Its application space and geometrical requirements are described by considering compatibility with existing fiber standards to realize inter-operability.
Meeting industrial needs with optical fiber sensors
Authors: Grattan Kenneth T.V. , Sun Tong
Published: October 2021

Optical Fiber Sensor technology has shown major developments recently, especially in uses across a range of different industrial measurement situations. Several illustrative applications are considered, with the benefits and outcomes of their use reviewed.
Monitoring the Red Palm Weevil Infestation Using Machine Learning and Optical Sensing
Authors: Mao Yuan , Ashry Islam , Wang Biwei , Al-Fehaid Yousef , Al-Shawaf Abdulmoneim , Ng Tien Khee , Yu Changyuan , Ooi Boon S.
Published: October 2021

Red palm weevil (RPW) is a major pest of palm trees, which has destroyed many farms and caused significant economic losses worldwide. It is difficult to detect the RPW infestation in its early stage, especially in vast farms. Here, we introduce combining machine learning and fiber optic distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) as a solution for detecting the RPW in the larvae stage. A single fiber optic cable would possibly monitor hundreds of trees, simultaneously.
Sensitivity improvement for silicon MS-SW BG sensors by waveguide height increase or by waveguide suspension with supporting shape modification
Authors: Heinsalu Siim , Kawano Anna , Isogai Yuji , Matsushima Yuichi , Ishikawa Hiroshi , Utaka Katsuyuki
Published: October 2021

Two methods for refractive index sensitivity improvement of silicon SW-MS BG refractive index sensors were considered. Height parameter was optimized and suspended waveguides were introduced. Experimentally obtained values were 850 nm/RIU and 1100 nm/RIU, respectively.
Real-Time 100.4 GBd PCS-64QAM Transmission of a 1.6 Tb/s Super-Channel Over 1600 km of G.654.E Fiber
Authors: Maher R. , Chitgarha M.R. , Leung I. , Rashidinejad A. , Buscaino B. , Wang Z. , Torbatian M. , Kakkar A. , El-Sahn Z.A. , Osman M. , Kumpera A. , Nejad R.M. , Yekani A. , Soliman G. , Doggart C. , Olmedo M.I. , Kerns S. , Diniz J. , Morbi Z. , Koenig S. , Dardis L. , Ellis B. , Le Liepvre A. , Missey M. , Blakey S. , Wu Y. , Samra P. , Dominic V. , Makovejs S. , Lal V. , Ziari M. , Sun H. , Wu K-T. , Sanders S. , Kandappan P.
Published: October 2021

First demonstration of a real-time 100.4 GBd PCS-64QAM 2 800G coherent MODEM. A record transmission distance of 1600 km is achieved for a dual-carrier × 1.6 Tb/s channel over a fully loaded commercial line system, with an OSNR margin in excess of 2 dB to the FEC threshold.
High-performance Four-channel Analog Optical Transceiver for 5G ARoF-based Mobile Fronthaul
Authors: Song Haiping , Ai Mengyao , Hu Runze , Fu Zhe , Li Di , Cheng Mengfan , Liu Deming , Deng Lei
Published: October 2021

A high-performance 4-channel DML-based analog optical transceiver is designed, and novel impedance-matching using 40-ohm TFR nested in AlN-carrier is proposed. The EVM of 4×600Mbit/s LTE-64QAM-OFDM signal with carrier-frequency from 2-12GHz over 15.5km SSMF is <3.2%.
Ultra-Wideband and Low-Loss Core Selective Switch Employing Two-Dimensionally Arranged MEMS Mirrors
Authors: Jinno Masahiko , Urashima Itsuki , Ishikawa Tsubasa , Kodama Takahiro
Published: October 2021

We experimentally show an ultra-wideband (130 nm), compact (~50 mm), low insertion loss (< 2.7 dB), and low-polarization-dependent-loss (< 0.25 dB) five-core 1×8 core selective switch employing a two-dimensionally arranged MEMS array.
Wavelength Selective Switches for SDM Photonic Nodes Based on SPOC Platform
Authors: Seno Kazunori , Nemoto Naru , Miyamoto Yutaka
Published: October 2021

We overview wavelength selective switches (WSSs) for space-division multiplexing (SDM) nodes. The space and planar optical circuit (SPOC) platform is suitable for integration of multiple WSSs into a single module, which is suitable for SDM systems.
Tunable DBR Laser with Integrated Optical Isolator
Authors: Conradi Hauke , Qian Tianwen , Kresse Martin , Reck Jakob , de Felipe David , Kleinert Moritz , Weigel Madeleine , Zawadzki Crispin , Keil Norbert , Schell Martin
Published: October 2021

Integration of a tunable DBR laser with an optical isolator in a polymer platform achieves 38 dB isolation over 17 nm tuning range and 5.6 mW output power. Device size is 2 x 6 mm2.
Self-Homodyne Photonic Transmitter in a Monolithic InP Platform for RF Applications
Authors: Hoff Michael T. , Bottenfield Christian G. , Thomas Varghese A. , Winoto Ardy , Zhou Yuchun , Bhardwaj Ashish , Hoefler Gloria E. , Ralph Stephen E.
Published: October 2021

We demonstrate for the first time a self-homodyne transmitter architecture, compactly realized as a monolithic InP system-on-chip analog photonic integrated circuit, with RF gain improvement >10 dB by using an actively-tuned optical bypass.
Optical-phased array beam-steering using multi-input slab coupler in silicon nitride waveguides
Authors: Muñoz P. , Pastor D. , Benítez J. , Micó G. , Bru L. A. , Goodwill D. J. , Bernier E.
Published: October 2021

A 2D beam-steering optical phased array is demonstrated in SiN. The multiple-input slab- coupler reduces OPA footprint 8x versus previous single-input designs. Measured field of view is 15º x 2.8º. Gaussian beam full-width is 0.36º x 0.175º.
Uniform emission of large-scale optical phase arrays with wide wavelength tuning
Authors: WANG Hongjie , Sun Caiming , Yang Lesi , Nie Xiaomin , Li Binghui , Zhang Aidong
Published: October 2021

We demonstrate large scale optical waveguide grating antennas with uniform emission operating from 1450nm to 1650nm. By tuning the laser wavelength, the beam steering angle of 30°was achieved.
Traffic Rate Matrix Decomposition Based Conflict Free Scheduling for a Fast Optical Switching Network
Authors: Yan Fulong , Xie Chongjin , Calabretta Nicola
Published: October 2021

We propose a traffic r ate m atrix d ecomposition ( TRMD) b ased c onflict free scheduling for a fast optical switching network and show that TRMD outperforms a flow con- trol protocol with <10µs latency and >92% throughput at load of 1.
Enabling dynamic all optical IP off-loading at Tb/s rates in large Metro Networks
Authors: Hernández J. A. , Rapisarda M. , Gatto A. , Parolari P. , Moreolo M. Svaluto , Fabrega J. M. , Nadal L. , Martínez R. , López V. , Fernandez-Palacios J. P. , Boffi P. , Otero G. , Larrabeiti D.
Published: October 2021

Simulation experiments prove the suitability of VCSEL-based S-BVTs to enable IP off-loading in large MAN topologies. Multi-Tb/s capacity is demonstrated in a real MAN for all primary and secondary multi-level direct paths.
Deploying Ultra-Low Loss Fibers for Enhancing Lightpath Provisioning Performance in an Elastic Optical Network
Authors: Yang Hao , Li Yongcheng , Guo Ningning , Shen Gangxiang , Mukherjee Biswanath
Published: October 2021

We consider network link upgrade with ultra-low loss (ULL) fibers in elastic optical backbone networks. Results demonstrate that the strategy which scans all links for ULL fiber deployment provides the best performance.
C to C+L Bands Upgrade with Resource Re-provisioning in Optical Backbone Networks
Authors: Ahmed Tanjila , Rahman Sabidur , Pradhan Aniket , Mitra Abhijit , Tornatore Massimo , Lord Andrew , Mukherjee Biswanath
Published: October 2021

Resource re-provisioning during network upgrade from C to C+L bands can optimize resource allocation and postpone upgrade cost. Results show re-provisioning shorter lightpaths to L band leads to a more cost-effective upgrade.
Optical Power Control Strategies for Optimized C+L+S-bands Network Performance
Authors: Correia Bruno , Sadeghi Rasoul , Virgillito Emanuele , Napoli Antonio , Costa Nelson , Pedro João , Curri Vittorio
Published: October 2021

This work describes and assesses the performance of a meta-heuristic algorithm applied for launch power control in multi-band (C+L+S) optical networks.
Real-Time Unrepeatered C-Band Transmission of 30.5 Tb/s over 276.4 km and 29.45 Tb/s over 292.5 km
Authors: Bissessur H. , Bastide C. , Busson A. , Kravchenko D. , Hedaraly F. , Esparza J.
Published: October 2021

We present record unrepeatered experiments with 61 real-time 32-QAM channels at 500 Gb/s over 276.4 km, or with hybrid 16/32 QAM modulation over 292.5 km, applying a high-power booster and third-order Raman amplification.
16-Tb/s Real-time Demonstration of 100-km MDM Transmission Using Commercial 200G OTN System
Authors: Shen Lei , Ge Dawei , Shen Shikui , Wang Shuo , Zhao Chunxu , Wang Guangquan , Zhang Lei , Luo Jie , Lan Xiaobo , Deng Lan , Zuo Mingqing , Gao Yuyang , Li Juhao
Published: October 2021

A real-time 2-LP-mode × 40 wavelength × 200-Gb/s DP-16QAM MDM transmission with total 16-Tb/s capacity over 100-km long weakly-coupled DRC-FMF based on commercial real-time 200G OTN system is successfully demonstrated for the first time.
10,000 km Straight-line Transmission using a Real-time Software-defined GPU-Based Receiver
Authors: van der Heide Sjoerd , Luis Ruben S. , Puttnam Benjamin J. , Rademacher Georg , Koonen Ton , Shinada Satoshi , Awaji Yohinari , Furukawa Hideaki , Okonkwo Chigo
Published: October 2021

Real-time operation of a software-defined, G PU-based optical receiver is demonstrated over a 100-span straight-line optical link. Performance of minimum-phase Kramers-Kronig 4-, 8-, 16-, 32-, and 64-QAM signals are evaluated at various distances.
Simplified Coherent Receiver for Zero-Touch Wireless Integration in Power-Splitting ODN with >40 dB Budget
Authors: Milovančev Dinka , Vokić Nemanja , Karinou Fotini , Schrenk Bernhard
Published: October 2021

We experimentally demonstrate radio-over-fiber transmission over an optical budget of 42dB, using an ultra-low complexity, DSP-free coherent EML+TIA receiver. Its sensitivity enables the wireless integration in filterless, power-splitting wireline networks with budgets beyond NG-PON2 class-E2.
Towards fully automated testing and characterization for photonic compact modeling on 300-mm wafer platform
Authors: Aboketaf Abdelsalam , Hedges Crystal , Dhurgude Vishal , Harris Brendan , Guan Fen , Pavlik Frank , Anderson Ted , Stricker Andy , Bian Yusheng , Rakowski Michal , Dasgupta Arunima , Paganini Andrea
Published: October 2021

We demonstrate a fully automated and flexible wafer level photonic device testing and characterization with wavelength, optical power, temperature, and voltage dependencies. High precision setup and data analysis tools are developed for photonic compact modeling.
An Ultra-Broadband Two-Mode Transverse-Electric Multiplexer in SOI platform
Authors: Paredes Bruna , Mohammed Zakriya , Villegas Juan , Rasras Mahmoud
Published: October 2021

We report an ultra-broadband two-mode (de) multiplexer using a tapered asymmetric directional coupler (ADC). Measurements exhibit insertion loss less than 1.2 dB and crosstalk better than 16 dB covering 1260-1360 nm and 1500-1600 nm.
How Large Should Be the Fiber Effective Area: A Network-Oriented Case Study?
Authors: Guo Ningning , Shen Yichun , Jiang Xinli , Cao Shanshan , Shen Gangxiang , Mukherjee Biswanath
Published: October 2021

In elastic optical network, lightpath provisioning using spectrum-assignment schemes and optical signal-to-noise-ratio (OSNR) model show that, while lowering fiber loss is always helpful, increasing fiber effective area beyond 110 μm2 does not improve spectrum efficiency.
Widely Tunable Apodized Bragg Grating Filter Fabricated in a Silicon Photonic Foundry
Authors: Saha Gareeyasee , Ralph Stephen E.
Published: October 2021

Apodized Bragg grating filters offer unique advantages yet require precise fabrication tolerances. We demonstrate a CMOS foundry fabricated widely tunable filter with a sharp edge roll-off of 35dB/nm, a flat 20nm transmission band and low-loss.
Low power consumption silicon photonics datacenter interconnects enabled by a parallel architecture
Authors: Malik Aditya , Liu Songtao , Timurdogan Erman , Harrington Mark , Netherton Andrew , Saeidi Mitra , Blumenthal Daniel J. , Theogarajan Luke , Watts Michael , Bowers John E.
Published: October 2021

An architecture is presented for realizing 1 Tbps datacenter interconnects using energy efficient silicon photonic ring modulators and QD-MLL. Both these components show excellent agreement with design parameters. High efficiency EO tuners are also reported.
EML-based 200-Gbit/s/λ DMT Signal Transmission over 10-km SSMF Using Entropy Loading and Simplified Volterra Equalization
Authors: Zhang Jing , Liu Qun , Zhu Mingyue , Lin Hong , Hu Shaohua , Yi Xingwen , Qiu Kun
Published: October 2021

We propose a joint entropy loading and simplified Volterra filter (VF) to experimentally demonstrate a 200-Gb/s DMT signal transmission over 10-km SSMF using a 32-GHz EML. The BER is below 20% SD-FEC threshold.
Power Efficiency in Submarine Systems Using Various Capacity Metrics
Authors: Downie John D. , Liang Xiaojun , Sterlingov Petr
Published: October 2021

We evaluate link SNR values that maximize power efficiency in submarine systems with various approaches to evaluate capacity and power consumption. The optimal SNR increases with more practical capacity and power measures.
Demonstration of Asynchronous Successive Interference Canceller for Uplink NOMA-PON
Authors: Suzuoki Kosuke , Hisano Daisuke , Mishina Ken , Maruta Kazuki , Maruta Akihiro
Published: October 2021

This paper proposes a successive interference canceller (SIC) with carrier frequency offset (CFO) compensator for uplink transmission in a non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA)-based coherent PON. We experimentally confirmed SIC’s error-free operation when multiplexing 2 ONUs.
Demonstration of Slice Fault Monitoring and Handling for Converged Optical-Wireless Access Networks
Authors: Wu Lianyu , Cui Jiabin , Zhang Jiawei , Ji Yuefeng
Published: October 2021

We designed and experimentally demonstrate a RAN slice management system which supports fault monitoring and handling. The system can not only quickly build RAN slices that meet user needs, but also can automatically and timely complete fault handling and service recovery when RAN slice resources fail.
Broadband Polarization Beam Splitters Based on MMI Couplers with Internal Photonic Crystals Fabricated Using 193 nm Photolithography
Authors: Xu Luhua , Mao Deng , Zhang Jinsong , Wang Yun , Xing Zhenping , Alam Md Samiul , Jacques Maxime , D’Mello Yannick , Bernal Santiago , Plant David V.
Published: October 2021

We demonstrate a silicon photonic MMI-coupler-based polarization beam splitter, fabricated using 193 nm photolithography. Measured extinction ratios beyond 30 dB and insertion losses below 3 dB are achieved over a record bandwidth of 111 nm.
Experimental verification of 64-Gbd/64-QAM interworking of probabilistic shaping with a digital resolution enhancer
Authors: Abu-Romoh Mahmood , Nguyen Tu T. , Skvortcov Pavel , Yoffe Yaron , Phillips Ian , Drenski Tomislav , Forysiak Wladek
Published: October 2021

We present an experimental study of probabilistic constellation shaping gains in low resolution digital-to-analogue converter based transceivers, which utilizes digital resolution enhancement. A SNR gain of 0.65dB for optimized probabilistic shaping factors can be achieved.
Hyperscale Datacenter Networks with Hybrid Fabric Aggregator Architectures
Authors: Nooruzzaman Md , Fernando Xavier
Published: October 2021

We propose a novel datacenter architecture called hybrid fabric aggregator that can connect over 1 Million servers. This design offers higher scalability, lower path cost and lower power consumptions compared to the Facebook F16 topology.
Dynamic auto-negotiation with real-time transponders in software defined optical networks
Authors: Gouin Alexandre , Dupas Arnaud , Renom Lluis Gifre , Benabdallah Ahmed , Boitier Fabien , Layec Patricia
Published: October 2021

We designed a transponder with dynamic auto-negotiation allowing fast detection of performance degradation and reconfiguration. We implemented a proof-of-concept using a commercial transponder, FPGA, and Raspberry Pi. We assessed the performance in terms of latency.
Multi-Chiplet System Architecture With Shared Uniform Access Memory Based on Board-Level Optical Interconnects
Authors: Sharma Arastu , Bamiedakis Nikolaos , Karinou Fotini , Penty Richard
Published: October 2021

We propose a new multi-chiplet system architecture based on shared uniform memory access and on-board optical interconnects. System-level simulation results demonstrate that such systems offer improved execution times and energy efficiency over conventional computing architectures.
Polarization Rotation enhanced Nonlinear-optical Loop Mirror (PR-NOLM) Multilevel Amplitude Regenerator
Authors: Guo Biao , Wen Feng , Wu Baojian , Qiu Kun
Published: October 2021

We proposed a polarization rotation enhanced nonlinear-optical loop mirror (PR-NOLM)-based multilevel amplitude regenerator to significantly improve the noise suppression performance, achieving the total improvement including 188% of regeneration-range and 4.5dB SNR in the novel scheme.
Demonstration of a Tunable, Broadband Pixel-Array-based Photonic-Integrated-Circuit Receiver for Recovering Two 100-Gbit/s QPSK Orbital-Angular-Momentum Multiplexed Channels
Authors: Song Hao , Zhou Huibin , Zou Kaiheng , Zhang Runzhou , Pang Kai , Song Haoqian , Su Xinzhou , Minoofar Amir , Hu Nanzhe , Liu Cong , Bock Robert , Lynn Brittany , Zach Shlomo , Tur Moshe , Willner Alan E.
Published: October 2021

We demonstrate recovering two 100-Gbit/s QPSK OAM-multiplexed channels by using a pixel-array-based integrated receiver. It can be tuned to receive OAM ℓ = +1 or ℓ = –1 with a ~6-nm bandwidth for achieving BER under 7% FEC limit.
Self-tuning Bidirectional 50GBASE-ER Optical Transceiver based on Temperature Control and Silica-based Comb Filter
Authors: Wang Dong , Zhao Yongpeng , Sun Jiang , Ge Dawei , Cai Qian , Li Yunbo , Zhao Yang , Han Liuyan , Xu Zhiguang , Zhang Dechao , Li Han
Published: October 2021

Error-free 24-hour real-time transmission of self-tuning bidirectional 50GBASE-ER QSFP28 point-to-point system over 40-km G.652.D fiber is demonstrated. With the upstream and downstream wavelength in same spectral band, the time-delay is reduced to 0.25 ns.
Distributed Measurement of the Shape of Microbends in Optical Fibers
Authors: Ahmad Raja , Ko Wing , Feder Kenneth S. , Westbrook Paul S.
Published: October 2021

We present the distributed shape measurement of microbends in a twisted multicore optical fiber. The measurement resolution of the fiber shape reconstruction is ~40 µm in the longitudinal domain and sub-micron in the transverse domain.
Fully Distributed Hydroacoustic Sensing based on Lightweight Optical Cable assisted with Scattering Enhanced Fiber
Authors: Chen Junfeng , Li Hao , Liu Tao , Fan Cunzheng , Yan Zhijun , Sun Qizhen
Published: October 2021

We design a lightweight fiber optical hydrophone cable based on scattering enhanced fiber. Combined with distributed acoustic sensing technology, it realizes fully distributed hydroacoustic sensing with an ultra-high sensitivity up to −127dB (re rad/μPa).
Distributed acoustic wave sensing in a Brillouin random fiber laser
Authors: Zhou Zichao , Wang Haiyang , Wang Yuan , Chen Liang , Bao Xiaoyi
Published: October 2021

The distributed acoustic wave is associated with the Brillouin gain buildup and saturation in Brillouin random fiber laser (BRFL). At laser threshold, the probability of optical rogue waves is 2.5 times at maximum gain location of the low gain region, and power saturation appeared above threshold at high gain location.
Long-Haul WDM/SDM Transmission over Coupled 4-Core Fiber with Coupled 4-Core EDFA and Its MDL Characteristics Estimation
Authors: Arikawa Manabu , Hosokawa Kohei , Hayashi Kazunori
Published: October 2021

We demonstrated WDM/SDM transmission of 32-Gbaud PDM-QPSK over coupled 4-core fibers and EDFAs with error-free after FEC for up to 2400 km. We estimated that rms MDL of 1.1 dB per loop was limiting performance.
Demonstration of Free-Space 300-Gbit/s QPSK Communications Using Both Wavelength- and Mode-Division-Multiplexing in the Mid-IR
Authors: Zou Kaiheng , Pang Kai , Song Hao , Fan Jintao , Zhao Zhe , Song Haoqian , Zhang Runzhou , Zhou Huibin , Minoofar Amir , Liu Cong , Su Xinzhou , Hu Nanzhe , McClung Andrew , Torfeh Mahsa , Arbabi Amir , Tur Moshe , Willner Alan E.
Published: October 2021

We demonstrate free-space wavelength- and mode-division-multiplexed communications in the mid-infrared wavelength region. A total capacity of 300 Gbit/s is achieved using three wavelengths and two orbital angular momentum modes each carrying a 50-Gbit/s QPSK signal.
Silicon Photonic MZM Architectures for 200G per Lambda IM/DD Transmission
Authors: Jacques Maxime , Samani Alireza , El-Fiky Eslam , Plant David V.
Published: October 2021

We review design considerations for silicon photonic single-segment and multi-segment Mach-Zehnder modulators for net 200 Gbit/s/lane intensity modulation direct detection applications. We consider constraints from both the technology and future standards.
Telephoto-Based Optical Differentiation Wavefront Sensor and Alignment Tolerance for Freeform Metrology
Authors: Swain Biswa Ranjan , Dorrer Christophe , Qiao Jie
Published: October 2021

An Optical Differentiation Wavefront Sensor using telephoto design that reduces the system length is presented. Measurement of freeform wavefront showed RMS accuracy < λ/10(λ=633 nm) and robustness to alignment uncertainty as accuracy change of λ/50.
Femtosecond Laser Micromachining: An Effective Technology for Optical Fabrication
Authors: Osellame Roberto
Published: October 2021

Femtosecond laser micromachining of transparent materials is a powerful and versatile technology. High resolution, three-dimensional capabilities and rapid-prototyping possibilities make this technology extremely appealing for the fabrication of complex micro-optical devices for different applications.
Unobscured Two-Mirror Confocal Optical System Analysis Using Application to Photon Simulator (PhoSim)
Authors: Lee Sunwoo , Park Woojin , Pak Soojong , Han Jimin , Kim Dohoon , Yoo Jaewon , Ko Jongwan , Lee Dae- Hee , Kim Geon Hee , Chang Seunghyuk , Valls-Gabaud David , Kim Dae Wook
Published: October 2021

PhoSim is helpful for high accuracy observations thanks to its realistic simulation. Before testing three mirror confocal off-axis optical system, we confirmed the application of the confocal off-axis system to PhoSim using a Cassegrain system. (tel: +82 10.7763.0431, e-mail:lsw@khu.ac.kr).
Measurement of Stress Induced Birefringence of Direct Laser Bonded BK7 to Aluminium
Authors: Hann Samuel N. , Dzipalski Adrian , Carter Richard M. , Elder Ian , Lamb Robert , Daniel Esser M. J. , Hand Duncan P.
Published: October 2021

We present two analysis methods for measuring stress induced birefringence in bonded optics. These processes were used to measure the stress induced birefringence of direct laser bonded and adhesive bonded BK7 to aluminum. .
Optical Fabrication Process Modeling
Authors: Faehnle Oliver , Livshits Irina
Published: October 2021

Reporting progress of the PanDao project, the first of its kind software tool, identifying during the design stage the optimal optical fabrication chain needed, enabling lens design optimizations for minimum cost at optimal producibility.
Controlled Viscosity Injection Molding of Plastic Optics
Authors: Fitzpatrick Rick , Slowik Mike , Symmons Alan
Published: October 2021

A detailed introduction to controlled viscosity injection molding, a low pressure, pulse packing process that enables high precision molding well suited for the demanding surface form and optical performance requirements of modern plastic optics.
Demonstration of an etchless chalcogenide waveguide platform for mid-IR device applications
Authors: Mourgelas Vasileios , Wilkinson James S. , Murugan Ganapathy Senthil
Published: October 2021

We demonstrate a straight pedestal mid-IR waveguide platform fabricated without any post-layer deposition processing using a simple wet etching process and thermal evaporation. The waveguides show excellent waveguiding up to 11.5 μm wavelength. .
Surface Treatment Regimes for Solar Scatter Control in Millimeter Wave Telescope Panels
Authors: Hatfield Zack , Davila-Peralta Christian , Peter Alex St. , Berkson Joel , Rodriguez Emily , Nguyen Naomi , Ellis Wyatt , Choi Heejoo , Kim Dae Wook , Hyatt Justin
Published: October 2021

State of the art millimeter wave telescope panels require surface treatment to control reflective solar radiation scattering. Here we compare different treatment regimes using metrology, simulation, and experimentation to identify optimal processes.
Development of High Performance SPION Polishing Slurry for Precision Optical Polishing
Authors: Amir Md , Mishra Vinod , Ali S. Wazed , Khan Gufran S.
Published: October 2021

This study relates to the development of highly efficient super-paramagnetic iron oxide nanosize (SPION) abrasive, prepared via hydrothermal route. The developed nano abrasive have been applied for the precision optical polishing.
Lightweight Aluminum Mirror with Duplex Layers
Authors: Han Jimin , Lee Sunwoo , Moon Bongkon , Park Woojin , Kim Geon Hee , Kim Dae Wook , Lee Dae-Hee , Pak Soojong
Published: October 2021

We designed a lightweight aluminum mirror structure including duplex layers and triangular ears. Based on the structural analysis, we confirmed that the surface deformation is negligible by optimizing physical dimensions to minimize the deformation.
Laser assisted diamond turning of silica glasses
Authors: Shahinian Hossein , Bodlapati Charan , Navare Jayesh , Turnbull Robert , Kang Di , Zhong Yuxiang
Published: October 2021

In this article single point diamond turning of convex fused silica glass is reported. It will be shown that surface better than /2 and roughness better than 100 nm RMS can be generated.
Polarization information landscapes expanded from single-shot images of ring-like diffraction patterns
Authors: Suzuki Hidenari , Emoto Akira , Furuso Nobuyoshi , Koyama Daisuke , Ishikawa Masashi
Published: October 2021

In this paper, we propose a ring-type grating in which grating vectors formed by periodic molecular alignments are superimposed radially. Depending on incident polarization states, the anisotropic gratings generate polarization dependencies for the ring-like first order diffraction. To determine the polarization states of incident light for both single and multi-wavelengths, we attempted to extract the optical intensity distribution on the ring-like diffraction from each single-shot diffraction image. In addition, a system that enables the detection of spatial modulation of optical birefringence is proposed. Finally, we concluded that the optical intensity distribution on the circumference of the ring-like diffraction has sufficient potential to be available.
Fabrication, in vitro and ex vivo evaluation of proliposomes and liposomal derived gel for enhanced solubility and permeability of diacerein
Authors: Shah Hassan , Madni Asadullah , Rahim Muhammad Abdur , Jan Nasrullah , Khan Arshad , Khan Safiullah , Jabar Abdul , Ali Ahsan
Published: October 2021

The present study is associated with the development of proliposomes and liposomal derived gel for enhanced solubility and permeability of diacerein. Proliposomes were developed by thin film hydration method and converted into the liposomal derived gel using carbopol-934 as a gelling agent. Formulations with varied lecithin to cholesterol ratios were investigated to obtain the optimal size, entrapment efficiency, and enhanced in vitro dissolution. Dynamic light scattering analysis revealed the particle size and zeta potential in the range of 385.1±2.45–762.8±2.05 nm and -22.4±0.55–31.2±0.96mV respectively. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic analysis depicted the physicochemical compatibility, powdered x-ray diffraction (PXRD) analysis predicted the crystalline nature of pure drug and its transition into amorphous form within formulation. The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) demonstrated the thermal stability of the formulation. The in vitro drug release study using dialysis membrane displayed the enhanced dissolution of diacerein due to the presence of hydrophilic carrier (Maltodextrin) followed by sustained drug release due to the presence of lipid mixture (lecithin and cholesterol). Ex vivo permeation studies depicted 3.50±0.27 and 3.21±0.22 folds enhanced flux of liposomal gels as compared to control. The acute oral toxicity study showed safety and biocompatibility of the system as no histopathological changes in vital organs were observed. These results suggests that proliposomes and liposomal derived gel are promising candidates for the solubility and permeability enhancement of diacerein in the management of osteoarthritis.
Implementation and perceived effectiveness of gun violence restraining orders in California: A qualitative evaluation
Authors: Pear Veronica A. , Schleimer Julia P. , Tomsich Elizabeth , Pallin Rocco , Charbonneau Amanda , Wintemute Garen J. , Knoepke Christopher E.
Published: October 2021

Background

Uptake of gun violence restraining orders (GVROs), which temporarily prohibit the possession and purchase of firearms and ammunition from individuals at particularly high risk of harming themselves or others with a firearm, has been slow and heterogenous across California. Insights into the implementation process and perceived effectiveness of the law could guide implementation in California and the many states that have enacted or are considering enacting such a law.

Methods

We conducted 21 semi-structured interviews with 27 key informants, including judges, law enforcement officers, city and district attorneys, policy experts, and firearm violence researchers. Analysis of transcripts was guided by grounded theory and the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR).

Findings

The following constructs emerged within 4 CFIR domains as salient features of implementation: 1) implementation characteristics: risk of violence, cost, and adaptability; 2) outer setting: interagency coordination and local firearm ideology; 3) inner setting: readiness for implementation and law enforcement firearm culture; and 4) implementation process: planning and engaging with those involved in implementation. Key informants perceived the law to be effective, particularly for preventing firearm suicide, but agreed that more research was needed. While most indicated that the law resulted in positive outcomes, concerns about the potential for class- and race-based inequities were also raised.

Conclusions

Implementation of the GVRO law in California was hampered by a lack of funding to support local proactive implementation efforts. This resulted in ad hoc policies and procedures, leading to inconsistent practices and widespread confusion among those responsible for implementation. In states that have not begun implementation, we recommend dedicating funding for implementation and creating local procedures statewide prior to the law’s rollout. In California, recommendations include providing training on the GVRO law—including an explication of agency-specific roles, responsibilities, and procedures—to officers, city attorneys, and civil court judges.
PKI-587 enhances radiosensitization of hepatocellular carcinoma by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways and DNA damage repair
Authors: Xie Yinghai , Liu Changwei , Zhang Yinci , Li Amin , Sun Chong , Li Rui , Xing Yingru , Shi Minghong , Wang Qi
Published: October 2021

Radiation is an important therapeutic strategy for hepatocellular (HCC). In this study, we evaluated the role of the dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitor, PKI-587, on radiosensitization of HCC and its possible mechanism. MTT, colony formation, flow cytometry, and immunofluorescence were used to analyze the proliferation, cell cycle, formation of residual γ-H2AX foci, and apoptosis of HCC cells. A SK-Hep1 xenograft HCC model was used to assess the effects of PKI-587 in combination with ionizing radiation in vivo. The activation levels of PI3K/AKT/mTOR and DNA damage repair pathways and their downstream effector molecules were detected with Western blot. It was found that PKI-587 sensitized HCC cells to radiation by increasing DNA damage, enhancing G0/G1 cell-cycle arrest, and inducing apoptosis. In vivo, the combination of radiation with PKI-587 significantly inhibited tumor growth. These findings suggest the usefulness of PKI-587 on radiosensitization of HCC cells by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and DNA damage repair pathways. The combination of ionizing radiation and PKI-587 may be a strategy to improve the efficacy of treating HCC.
A vállalati fenntarthatósági stratégia sikertényezője a fenntarthatósági számvitel
Authors: Fülöp Gyula , Hódi Hernádi Bettina
Published: October 2021

Az utóbbi évtizedben a fenntarthatóság követelményei számos vállalat stratégiájában megjelentek. A gazdasági célok mellett meghatározzák a követendő társadalmi és környezeti szempontokat is. Ugyanakkor számos empirikus vizsgálat azt mutatja, hogy a társadalmi és környezeti teljesítményük csak lassan javul. Ezért megfelelő gazdálkodási módszerek és eszközök alkalmazására van szükség a vállalaton belüli stratégiai döntések és tevékenységek gazdasági, társadalmi és természeti környezeti hatásainak a mérésére. Ennek a tanulmánynak a célja a fenntarthatósági stratégia és a fenntarthatósági számvitel mint kulcsfontosságú sikertényező interakciójának a vizsgálata. A cikk a fenntarthatósági stratégiai menedzsment folyamatából indul ki. Ezután ismerteti a stratégiai teljesítményértékelés új megközelítéseit a hagyományos számvitellel kezdve, a környezeti számvitelen át, a fenntarthatósági számvitelig. Ehhez szorosan kapcsolódik egy vállalati esettanulmány, amely a fenntarthatósági számvitel szerepét és hozzájárulását értékeli a fenntarthatósági stratégia sikeres bevezetése során.
Erőviszonyok az élelmiszeripari ellátási láncban
Authors: Morvai Róbert , Szegedi Zoltán
Published: October 2021

A gyorsan változó piaci igények, illetve az ellátásilánc-menedzsment kritikus szerepe az igényeknek való megfelelésben, valamint az integrált ellátási láncok nyújtotta potenciális előnyök mind olyan tényezők, amelyeket a vállalatok ma már nem hagyhatnak figyelmen kívül. Ugyanakkor ezek az előnyök csak akkor realizálhatók, ha az ellátási lánc egyes szereplői között kellő szorosságú együttműködési formák alakulnak ki. A partnerkapcsolatok ellátási lánc mentén történő kialakítását azonban döntően befolyásolják a lánctagok közötti erőviszonyok. A tanulmány az FMCG/Food szektor ellátási láncaira jellemző hatalmi viszonyokkal foglalkozik, különös tekintettel arra, hogy az erőviszonyok miként befolyásolják a szektor kis- és középvállalkozásainak működését, partnerkapcsolatait. A nemzetközi kutatási eredményeket alapul véve az élelmiszer-ipari KKV-k körében végeztek kérdőíves lekérdezést a szerzők. Ennek eredményeit felhasználva, a partnerkapcsolatokban megnyilvánuló hatalmi viszonyok és a vállalati jövedelmezőség, illetve néhány egyéb ellátási láncbeli sajátosság (a kapcsolatok szorossága, tartóssága, információmegosztási hajlandóság stb.) ellentmondásos viszonyát mutatják be.