bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Antithesis “Human - Inhuman” as an Ideological and Meaningful Basis of F. I. Chudakov’s Story “Buzuy”
Authors: Lapteva Natalya Andreyevna
Published: October 2021

The paper aims to reveal ideological meaning of the story “Buzuy” by F. I. Chudakov (1888-1918). Scientific originality of the study is conditioned by the fact that F. I. Chudakov’s story was not previously analyzed from such a perspective. The article examines story architectonics, figurative system, personages’ characteristics, which allows clarifying author’s intention. The findings indicate that author’s intention is realized through the opposition of moral concepts “human” - “inhuman”. This opposition manifests itself through the conflict between the main character and his antagonists; personages are described in terms of opposition “friend - foe”, “human - bestial”; contrast also largely determines story composition.
National and Cultural Specifics of the Nomination of Phraseological Euphemisms Denoting Physical and Mental Characteristics of a Person in the Russian and English Languages
Authors: Arsentyeva Yulia Svyatoslavovna
Published: October 2021

The aim of the study is to identify the national and cultural features of the euphemistic nomination of a person’s physical and mental characteristics using the Russian and English phraseological euphemisms. The article is the first to carry out a comparative analysis of the national and cultural aspect of nominating the extra-linguistic realia of one of the phraseo-semantic groups with anthropocentric orientation, which indicates the scientific originality of the research. As a result of the analysis, isomorphic and allomorphic characteristics of the euphemistic nomination of physical and mental processes and phenomena of human life in two compared languages were revealed. It is proved that the national and cultural features of the life in the countries of the Russian and English language speakers and the features of their mentality underlie the euphemistic nomination of a person’s physical and mental characteristics with the help of phraseological euphemisms.
Approaches to Defining the Term “Slang” in Retrospective of Linguistic Research
Authors: Titarenko Sergey Alexandrovich
Published: October 2021

The aim of the research is to concretize the notion of the term “slang” taking into account its evolutionary changes in the diachronic aspect. The article clarifies the role of slang in the process of a communicative act, provides a comparative analysis of the definitions of the notion “slang” within the framework of various approaches to its study: structural, stylistic, sociological. A modern interpretation of slang is proposed and its validity is substantiated. The scientific originality of the research lies in the complex and interdisciplinary approaches to the studied linguistic phenomenon, taking into account derivational changes in the dominant meaning of the very notion “slang” in the integral system of language and society development in the recent period; for the first time, slang is considered as a manipulative and cohesive means of modern communicative communication. As a result, it was proved that slang is a complex linguistic formation that represents the linguistic, cultural and social characteristics of an individual in the language, manifested in the verbalization of his speech.
Voice as a Mythological Archetype in Indo-European Culture
Authors: Ledovskikh Antonina Yur’evna
Published: October 2021

The purpose of the study is to determine the main semantic variations of the mythological archetype of voice in the oral tradition, subsequently embedded in the socio-cultural and linguistic mentality. The scientific novelty of the study lies in conducting a comprehensive analysis of the voice archetype that has not been undertaken before and providing a description of its semiotic capabilities at an early stage of the formation of a mythological paradigm that responds to the topical issue of language and thought. As a result of the study, the following semantic variations have been identified in the voice archetype: the transfer of voice acoustic properties on natural phenomena (god’s word is thunder, his weapon is lightning, his breath is the wind) and the reflection of the heavenly elements in the human speech, i.e. the power of incantations; personification of voice (speech) as of gods of eloquence and prayers; the transfer of voice semantics into the field of divine knowledge with the acquisition of constitutive power; voice abstraction (voice as an opinion, voice of conscience, rumour).
Implementation of the Dynamics Category in the Online Newspaper Text (by the Material of Web Versions of English-Language Newspapers)
Authors: Paramonova Marina Ilyinichna
Published: October 2021

The research aims to identify features and ways of implementing the dynamics of a newspaper article on the Internet. The work examines the specifics and ways of creating dynamism in this type of text that are characteristic of both a traditional print news article and news published by online media, as well as new opportunities for the implementation of this category due to the acquisition by the newspaper text of properties peculiar to online media discourse and Internet discourse in general. Scientific novelty lies in the fact that the analysis of the dynamic properties of texts belonging to the considered genre was carried out taking into account the tendency to narrativise news material, for which reason the approach to studying the dynamics of a text adopted in narratology was used; in addition, the author proposed a broader understanding of dynamism, which includes not only dynamics that conforms to the plot, but also the kind that goes beyond it. As a result of the research, specific features and types of online news dynamics, as well as ways and means of its implementation have been described.
Features of Representation of the Concept-Opposition CHARACTER - FAMILY TIES in H. Bazin’s Trilogy “The Rezeau Family” by Word Formation Means
Authors: Sviridova Evgeniya Igorevna
Published: October 2021

The purpose of the study is to identify the relationship between the way of expressing the word-formation meaning of a complex sign and the representation of the concept-opposition CHARACTER - FAMILY TIES in H. Bazin’s trilogy “The Rezeau Family”. It is shown that the compositional semantics of a complex sign is directly dependent on the narrator’s individual style and is related to the specifics of a particular concept-opposition. Scientific novelty of the study lies in applying the theory of focalisation to describe the correlation between the conceptualisation process and word-formation processes. As a result of the study, it has been found that the indicator of explicitness of the word-formation meaning correlates with the specifics of the considered concept-opposition and the focalisation type.
Потенциал разработки аминогликозидных антибиотиков нового поколения (обзор)
Authors: Тевяшова Анна Николаевна , Шаповалова Ксения Сергеевна
Published: October 2021

В обзоре обобщены публикации последних лет, посвященные аминогликозидам, изучению основных типов устойчивости к антибиотикам данного класса и основным путям химической модификации, направленным на преодоление резистентности или изменение спектра биологической активности. Описаны конъюгаты аминогликозидов с различными фармакофорами, включая аминокислоты, пептиды, пептидонуклеиновые кислоты, нуклеиновые основания и ряд других биологически активных молекул, а также модификации, изменяющие тип биологической активности антибиотиков данного класса. Заключается, что одним из многообещающих направлений исследований, имеющих целью повышение активности антибиотиков в отношении резистентных штаммов, является поиск селективных ингибиторов аминогликозид-модифицирующих ферментов, что позволит возобновить использование тех аминогликозидных антибиотиков, устойчивость к которым уже довольно распространена, и увеличить потенциал антибиотиков нового поколения.
RELIEF AND GEOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF CARPATHIAN BIOSPHERE RESERVE
Authors: Kravchuk Yaroslav , Brusak Vitaliy
Published: October 2021

The relief and geological structure of Carpathian Biosphere Reserve represent the features of the geological and geomorphological structure of the four geomorphological regions of the Ukrainian Carpathians. The block mid-mountains of the Polonynsko-Chornohirsky Carpathians (Chornohora, Svydovets, and Uholsko-Shyrokoluzhansky massifs) and the folded mid-mountains of Marmarosy crystal massif (Marmarosy and Kuziy-Trybushansky massifs) are well protected within the reserve.
The analysis of the morphostructure and morphosculpture of the reserve is carried out taking into account the longitudinal (NW–SE) and transverse divisions of the Ukrainian
The analysis of the morphostructure and morphosculpture of the reserve is carried out taking into account the longitudinal (NW–SE) and transverse divisions of the Ukrainian Carpathians. The longitudinal division is associated with morphostructures of higher orders, such as second and third. The transverse division is associated with the fourth and fifth orders of morphostructures.
In the analysis of morphosculpture of the reserve, the types characterized for all regions of Flysch and Crystal Carpathians are allocated. All mountain massifs and ridges could be characterized by an asymmetrical structure, such as steep northeastern slopes and acclivous southwestern slopes. The relic morphosculpture is represented by: 1) fragments of denudation surfaces of different ages such as Polonynska, Pidpolonynska, and riparian; 2) ancient glacial and extra glacial landforms; 3) areas of ancient longitudinal valleys. River valleys with a complex of different age terraces represent inherited morphosculpture.
Modern morphodynamic processes are represented by height (tier) differentiation. The processes of sheet erosion, deflation, and rill erosion play an important role in the relief modeling for the tiers of strongly dissected mid-mountain relief. The lower tier of the terraced and non-terraced bottoms of the valleys are associated with the processes of leaching and erosion as well as a significant accumulation of erosion products and mudflows. Stabilized and active displacements are the most recorded among the gravitational processes and block motions.
Key words: Carpathian Biosphere Reserve; Ukrainian Carpathians; relief; morphostructure; morphosculpture.
Investigating the Factors Affecting Delays in Infrastructure Projects
Authors: Kakkar Anurup , Duggal Prakhar
Published: October 2021

Time and expense overruns are regular occurrences in the construction industry all around the world but these are a major concern in developing countries such as India, and their consequences can be extremely harmful when public infrastructure projects are concerned. In India as per the MoS & PI report, as of October 2019, there were 552 delayed construction projects, and the mean time overrun in these 552 delayed projects is29.07 months. Many studies in the literature review previously, have concentrated on a variety of infrastructure risk management issues but there have only been a few studies that have looked into the overall dynamics of infrastructure and how a project's timeline can be affected by changing risk interactions. This article aids in the investigation of the variables and causes of construction delays in infrastructure projects.
An Investigation into the Financial Performance of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Nanded, Maharashtra
Authors: Hattiambire Dayanand Trimukh , Harkal Prabhakar
Published: October 2021

Micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) are an indispensable part of the Indian economy. In terms of Gross Value Added (GVA) and Gross Domestic Product (GDP), MSMEs accounted for about 33% and 31% of India's GVA and GDP, respectively, in the year 2019-20. Unlike large enterprises that are concentrated in the metros, MSMEs are spread across smaller and larger rural as well as urban centres of India. They are also the biggest source of employment, especially in rural India, and contribute to the rural development and industrialisation. MSMEs also act as a great social bridge as smaller enterprises are owned by socially backward classes and women than are larger enterprises. For these reasons and more, the India government has always promoted the growth and development of MSMEs through policy initiatives, technology up gradation, and via other means. Consequently, MSMEs have also grown in multi-folds in the past decades in terms of the number of enterprises in operation and the collective revenue of the sector. Several challenges affect the growth of MSMEs, however. One of these is the limited academic studies into the financial performance of MSMEs, probably due to the unavailability of adequate data. The present research attempts to fill this gap by conducting a financial performance evaluation of 51 sample MSMEs based in the district of Nanded, Maharashtra. The research utilizes Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to compare the financial performance of sample MSMEs selectively using the suitable variables identified by Arasu et al. (2021). Findings suggest sharp differences in the financial performance of sample units. Inefficient units are suggested to improve their return on asset, return on capital employed, and net profit margin.
Corporate Social Responsibility and Profitability in the Banking Sector: The Case of Selected Private Banks in Ethiopia
Authors: Elifneh Yohannes Workeaferahu , Goulap Jagadish Brahma , Solomon Dagmawi
Published: October 2021

In this article, we explore the relationship between corporate social responsibility and profitability with particular reference to Ethiopian financial industry. In line with this, the paper investigated the practice of corporate social responsibility and its impact on profitability in two private banks in Ethiopia. The study used two sampling phases. The first one is to sample out the two banks among the sixteen private banks operated in the country and the second phase is to select number of respondents within the selected banks. According to National Bank of Ethiopia, (NBE, 2020) annual report among the sixteen private commercial banks operated in the country, six of them were operated in the industry for more than 20 years and two banks namely Dashen and United banks were randomly selected for the study. The study used questionnaires as an instrument for data collection and the Cronbach alpha test was used to test the reliability of the instrument. Correlation analysis was carried out to identify the nature of strength and direction of the relationship between the independent variables (philanthropic, ethical, legal and economic responsibilities) and the dependent variables (profitability), regression analysis was also employed to determine the degree in which the dependent variable can be predicated or explained from the independent variables. The finding reveals that ethical, philanthropic, legal and economic responsibilities of CSR dimension have a positive and significant impact on profitability of the banks. Furthermore, the overall finding of the study suggested that CSR practice of banks has a significant impact on the level of their profitability. The study recommends that banks should improve their efforts exerted towards their CSR practice in order to enhance their profitability.
Evaluating Adaptability and Genetic Variability of Improved Maize Varieties
Authors: Abebe Abenezer , Tafa Zelalem , Terefe Worknesh
Published: October 2021

Maize is one of the most important cereals broadly adapted worldwide. Though, a number of improved maize varieties have been released, each micro-environment has not been touched that is why the study carried out. The experiment was conducted using seven maize varieties in RCB design with three replications. The analysis of variance signifies the presence of significant difference (p<0.05) among the seven maize varieties evaluated. High value of genetic (GCV) and phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) for grain yield (25.1 and 37.8%) were estimated and this infers less influence of environment. Additionally, moderately high heritability (44.2%) and high genetic advance in percent mean (34.4%) were estimated for grain yield which indicate the trait governed by additive gene action and could be improved via selection based on phenotypic performance. However, traits (male and female flower) with high heritability and moderate genetic advance in percent mean inherited mostly by non-additive gene action and heterosis breeding could be useful. Regarding agronomic performance, Hora maize variety provided highest grain yield (5.0 t/ha) followed by Kuleni (4.1 t/ha), Melkasa 2 (4.0 t/ha) and check (4.0 t/ha). Hora, Melkasa 2, Melkasa 4 and check flowered earlier as compared to the other and could be used as parent for generating early flowering varieties. In summary, Hora maize variety was better performing both statistically and in eyes of farmers and need seed multiplication and distribution to farming community. Moreover, the variability observed among the maize varieties could be utilizing in future breeding activities.
Mastitisli Sığırlardan İzole Edilen Staphylococcus aureus İzolatlarının Virülens Gen Profillerinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: Nalça Ayşe , Gülhan Timur
Published: October 2021

Bu çalışmada anabilim dalı kültür koleksiyonunda bulunan subklinik mastitisli sığır sütlerinden izole edilen 140 adet stafilokok izolatından Staphylococcus aureus izolatlarının moleküler identifikasyonu ve bazı önemli virülens genlerinin tespiti amaçlandı. Bu amaçla 140 stafilokok izolatı termonükleaz (nuc) gen varlığı yönünden PZR ile incelendi. nuc geni (279 bp) tespit edilen 42 izolat S. aureus olarak identifiye edildi. Ayrıca izolatlarda lökotoksin geni (pvl), stafilokokal klasik enterotoksin genleri (sea, seb, sec), eksfolyatif toksin genleri (eta, etb), hemolizin genleri (hla, hlb), adezin faktör genleri (fnbA, fnbB, clfa) ve toksik şok sendrom toksin geni (tst) olmak üzere 12 farklı virülens geninin varlığı 3 farklı multipleks PZR
kullanılarak araştırıldı. İzolatların 30 (%71.4)’u clfa, 24 (%57.1)’ü hla, 14 (%33.3)’ü hlb, 10 (%23.8)’u fnbB, 6 (%14.2)’sıfnbA, 6 (%14.2)’sıetb, 5 (%11.9)’i sec, 5 (%11.9)’i tst, 3 (%7.1)’ü sea, 2 (%4.7)’si pvl ve 1 (%2.3)’i eta geni açısından pozitif bulundu. İzolatların hiçbirinde seb geni saptanamadı. İzolatların38’inde bir ya da daha fazla virülens geni, 29’unda ise iki ya da daha fazla virülens geni belirlendi. 4 izolatta ise incelenen virülens genlerin hiçbiri saptanamadı. İncelenen izolatlarda en fazla tespit edilen virülens genlerin clfa ve hla olduğu görüldü. Sonuç olarak sınırlı dahi olsa sığır mastitislerinin patogenezinde rol oynayan virülens gen patternleri ortaya konuldu. Çalışma sonuçlarının sığır mastitislerinin etiyolojisinde önemli rol oynayan
S. aureus’a ait virülens faktörlerinin karakterizasyon çalışmalarına katkı sağlayacağı kanaatine varıldı.
Symmetry in emotional and visual similarity between neutral and negative faces
Authors: Riberto Martina , Talmi Deborah , Pobric Gorana
Published: October 2021

Is Mr Hyde more similar to his alter ego Dr Jekyll, because of their physical identity, or to Jack the Ripper, because both evoke fear and loathing? The relative weight of emotional and visual dimensions in similarity judgements is still unclear. We expected an asymmetric effect of these dimensions on similarity perception, such that faces that express the same or similar feeling are judged as more similar than different emotional expressions of same person. We selected 10 male faces posing different expressions. Each male posed one neutral expression and one emotional expression (5 disgust, 5 fear). We paired these expressions, resulting in 190 pairs, which differed either in emotional expressions, physical identity, or both. Twenty healthy participants rated the similarity of paired faces on a 7-points scale. We report a symmetric effect of emotional expression and identity on similarity judgements, suggesting that people may perceive Mr Hyde to be just as similar to Dr Jekyll (identity) as to Jack the Ripper (emotion). We also observed that emotional mismatch decreased perceived similarity, suggesting that emotions play a prominent role in similarity judgements. From an evolutionary perspective, poor discrimination between emotional stimuli may not be advantageous to the individual.
IMPLEMENTASI PRINSIP-PRINSIP GOOD GOVERNANCE DALAM PELAYANAN PUBLIK
Authors: sari Nilam
Published: October 2021

Tata kelola yang baik yang diusung oleh Bank Dunia dan UNDP masih belum memiliki kesepakatan yang pasti. Konsep ini lebih dimaknai sebagai solusi bagi terwujudnya kinerja pemerintah yang efektif dan efisien. Selanjutnya, Bank Dunia sebagai donor memberikan bantuan kepada negara-negara untuk membangun kapasitas kelembagaan dan pelatihan bagi pejabat publik untuk meningkatkan kompetensinya. Metodologi dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data deskriptif kualitatif dengan studi pustaka. Good governance sebagai sebuah konsep menuai kritik dalam implementasinya, salah satu kritik yang diberikan adalah kurangnya kontrol dalam pelaksanaan good governance pada aktor-aktor pemerintahan. Tidak hanya itu penerapan good governance di suatu negara seringkali dipaksakan, padahal prinsip tersebut tidak sesuai dengan sistem pemerintahan, negara, budaya masyarakat yang ada. Dalam kasus Indonesia dalam hal implementasi Good Governance, masih banyak ditemukan permasalahan seperti reformasi birokrasi yang kurang baik, praktik KKN, tuntutan penerapan prinsip-prinsip good governance yang di antaranya tidak sesuai dengan karakteristik lokal masyarakat Indonesia. masyarakat, dan partisipasinya masih rendah.Kata Kunci : governance, good governance, implementation
BAHAYA DARI TIDUR TERLALU LAMA BAGI KESEHATAN
Authors: aryanti Laila yolanda putri
Published: October 2021

Bisa di Katakan Bahwa Sesuatu yang di Lakukan dengan Betlebihan tidak baik untuk Kesehatan Termasuk dengan Tidur dalam Waktu yang terlalu Lama.Tiap Orang Memiliki Kebutuhan tidur yang tidak Sama,Tergantung dari Kebiasaan yang di Lakukan Setiap Hari,Usia,Gaya Hidup dan kondisi Kesehatan Secara Keseluruhan.Kebutuhan Tidur Orang Dewasa yaitu Sekitar 7-9 Jam dalam setiap Harinya,sedangkan bagi Lansia (Lanjut Usia) biasanya Memiliki Kebutuhan Tidur Sekitar 7-8 jam perhari.
The 2021 SSP scenarios of the IMAGE 3.2 model
Authors: van Vuuren Detlef , Stehfest Elke , Gernaat David , de Boer Harmen-Sytze , Daioglou Vassilis , Doelman Jonathan , Edelenbosch Oreane , Harmsen Mathijs , van Zeist Willem-Jan , van den Berg Maarten , Dafnomilis Ioannis , van Sluisveld Mariesse , Tabeau Andrzej , De Vos Lotte , de Waal Liesbeth , van den Berg Nicole , Beusen Arthur , Bos Astrid , Biemans Hester , Bouwman Lex , Chen Hsing-Hsuan , Deetman Sebastiaan , Dagnachew Anteneh , Hof Andries , van Meijl Hans , Meyer Johan , Mikropoulos Stratos , Roelfsema Mark , Schipper Aafke , Van Soest Heleen , Tagomori Isabela , Zapata Castillo Victhalia
Published: October 2021

The SSP (Shared Socio-economic Pathways) scenarios are intensively used in climate and environmental research to explore uncertain future developments and possible response strategies. This paper briefly describes an update of the SSP scenarios generated by the IMAGE 3.2 model. The paper presents the changes in method and key scenario updates. As such, it serves as a key reference for the updated SSP scenarios with IMAGE 3.2.
El foco, la estructura informativa y el ser focalizador en el español cibaeño
Authors: Gupton Timothy
Published: October 2021

According to Zubizarreta (1998), a constituent that satisfies information focus must appear at the rightmost sentence edge in Spanish, the result of which predicts SVO order for replies to object narrow-focus questions and VOS for replies to subject narrow-focus questions. In the current article, we examine the results of an experimental study exploring the syntax-information structure interface in Cibaeño Spanish. The results include two findings that do not support the predictions of Zubizarreta (1998): 1) SV or VS word order is possible for subject narrow-focus contexts 2) contrastive/corrective focus is encoded in situ, with (S)VO, which does not support a strict SV(O) syntax. After examining the empirical results, we explore the technical implications of encoding exhaustivity in the syntactic model of Cibaeño Spanish.
The Satisfaction Is Mine: Extrinsic Reward Reduces Desire for Revenge
Authors: Dyduch-Hazar Karolina , Mroziński Błażej
Published: October 2021

Revenge is often driven by desire to feel gratified. Consequently, extrinsic reward should diminish revengeful cravings. One hundred fourteen participants received either insulting or praising feedback from another individual, were led to believe that they or the other individual won an unexpected monetary reward, and then indicated how much they desired revenge. Participants who received insulting feedback desired revenge more than praised counterparts, yet insulted participants who won the reward desired revenge less than those who did not win. This evidence emphasizes the need for personal satisfaction as fuel for revenge as well as highlights the importance of balancing the scales in retribution seeking.
Public Justification Analysis of Russian Renewable Energy Strategies
Authors: Salonen Hilma
Published: October 2021

The Russian renewable energy industry has not yet succeeded in breaking through into the domestic market despite its potential, particularly in remote Arctic settlements. This article examines broad issues that influence national policy-makers and provides an analysis of the type of objectives that are emphasized in Russian energy policies. It can be assumed that the priorities behind these objectives have a more stable status than more concrete plans to boost the use of renewables, since they often fail to materialize. In order to discover these priorities, I analyze several relevant policy-making documents with the help of public justification analysis, a method developed to examine public claims made in favor of a certain cause, and the commonly known values that the claim-makers refer to in order to convince others. This paper reveals that Russian energy policy documents tend to emphasize concrete, technical tasks over more abstract, holistic goals. In addition, industrial needs dominate all policies, even those related to socio-economic or environmental issues. I conclude that the tendencies listed above may prevent fundamental structural change in the Russian energy industry, despite the potential of renewable energy, especially in the Arctic regions.
KEPEMIMPINAN DAN KETERIKATAN PEGAWAI Di PERGURUAN TINGGI
Authors: Adnans Abdhy Aulia
Published: October 2021

Buku ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap implikasi kepemimpinan terhadap keterikatan pegawai melalui pemberdayaan dan kontrak psikologis pada tenaga pendidikan di Perguruan Tinggi Negeri. Kajian dalam buku ini dilakukan terhadap seluruh unit bagian yang ada di lingkungan Universitas Padjadjaran terdiri dari 320 responden pegawai tenaga kependidikan yang berstatus Pegawai Negeri Sipil, menggunakan analisis deskriptif dengan tabel distribusi frekuensi dan analisis verifikatif yang memanfaatkan Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) dengan pendekatan Partial Least Square (PLS) yang mana data diolah melalui software SMART PLS 3. Secara keseluruhan, buku ini mengungkap bahwa keterikatan pegawai dapat dicapai apabila kepemimpinan, pemberdayaan dan kontrak psikologis memiliki peran yang cukup dominan dalam memenuhi keseluruhan aspek keterikatan pegawai.
Polityka karna sądów w sprawach o przestępstwa przeciwko rodzinie i opiece w latach 2008–2018
Authors: Dajnowicz-Piesiecka Diana
Published: October 2021

Artykuł dotyczy polityki karnej sądów w sprawach o przestępstwa przeciwko rodzinie i opiece w latach 2008–2018. W opracowaniu przedstawiono wyniki analizy sądowych danych statystycznych obrazujących tendencje orzecznicze sądów karnych w sprawach o przestępstwa określone w XXVI rozdziale kodeksu karnego. W tekście starano się przede wszystkim odpowiedzieć na pytanie, czy zmiany w prawie karnym, które miały miejsce w 2015 i 2017 r. – spośród których jedna miała istotne znaczenie dla całego systemu prawa karnego w Polsce, druga zaś okazała się niezwykle ważka zwłaszcza w kontekście przestępstw godzących w dobro rodziny i opieki – wpłynęły w jakimś zakresie na orzecznictwo skazujące sprawców przestępstw przeciwko rodzinie oraz opiece.
Prescriptum: Women on the Road
Authors: Augustynowicz Nina , Czempka-Wewióra Maria
Published: October 2021

This bilingual issue which we are now submitting to the reader takes up the theme of broadly understood travelling, being on the road, wandering, both near (not far from home) and very distant (into unknown realms of time and space). Travelling is associated with discovering new places, getting to know people and cultures, gaining experience, sometimes also pursuing a goal along winding and difficult paths. At other times, travel becomes an end in itself; it can be a way of life in which movement and change are core values. Not all journeys presented in this volume serve the purpose of recreation. Some were caused by oppressive conditions and threats to life and livelihood, which result in emigration, alienation and sacrifices that leave their mark on many generations. An inseparable element of travelling is the risk taken by the explorer. However, as the presented collection of articles confirms, journeys often become a creative impulse that leads to discovering oneself and one’s own culture in contact with the people one meets, with their customs and the places one gets to know.
Packing up the Past: Vicki Baum’s Quest for Heimat
Authors: Simpson Rose
Published: October 2021

The best-selling Austrian novelist Vicki Baum took ship alone for America in 1932 but emigration soon became exile for the Jewish author. The feeling of ‘Heimatlosigkeit’, or rootlessness, which oppressed Baum at that time was emotional and spiritual rather than physical. Child of a Jewish immigrant family in the anti Semitic society of nineteenth-century Vienna, Vicki Baum had long questioned the loci and the politics of Heimat, a German term whose significance far exceeds the simple definition of home or homeland. Cut loose from Heimat, she began her travels to far-away destinations, seeking to identify a common humanity and the universal moralities which could guide Europe to a better future. She wrote her travel experiences into novels which allowed her to narrate the landscapes and customs but also the inner lives of the peoples she encountered. A long-standing belief in the inauthenticity of verbal communication encouraged her to transcend linguistic barriers with confidence but it was her gender, she believed, which enabled her to share and interpret other cultures. Commonality rather than difference is the focus of her travel-letters and their fictional transpositions. Focusing on Baum’s experiences on Bali seen in a postcolonial perspective, the article argues that the island was for the novelist a space of transcendence, where the inhabitants held on to values already lost in Western societies.
A Journey to the City of Hope: Immigration, Diaspora and Identity in Larissa Lai’s Salt Fish Girl
Authors: Podruczna Agnieszka
Published: October 2021

The motif of journey constitutes one of the most important cornerstones of both postcolonial literatures and science fiction narratives, the latter of which owe a significant debt to the essentially colonial origins of the genre, thus inviting postcolonial practices of reimagining and writing back. For that reason, the following article aims at an examination of the peculiar ties between the postcolonial theory and science fiction, in order to discuss how speculative fiction allows for an in-depth analysis of the contemporary diasporic condition and the issues of memory and cultural identity, in the context of a dialogue with contemporary diaspora studies and postcolonial studies.The motif of the journey, then, understood both in literal and metaphoric terms, becomes the point of departure for a discussion concerning the ways in which the experiences of migration and diasporic existence influence the subject’s identity as well as their relationship with the culture and language of the country of their ancestors.To this end, the paper aims at a thorough analysis of the ways in which Larissa Lai, in her novel Salt Fish Girl, engages in a discussion regarding the contemporary condition of diasporic communities, proposing a new perspective on the complicated relationship between diasporas, their past and ancestral heritage as well as their language, and the motif of journey, understood both spatially (as a journey from one place to another) and temporally (as a journey back to the roots or the impossibility of going back). Employing postcolonial theory as well as the theory of science fiction as the methodological framework, the paper argues that for Lai, the journey of one of the incarnations of the protagonist, Nu Wa, to the Island of Mist and Forgetfulness constitutes an extended metaphor for the experience of Chinese immigrants in Canada. The motif of journey is inextricably tied here with the practices of remembering and forgetting, crucial for diasporic communities, as well as the constant search for a new, hyphenated identity in the new reality. Moreover, Lai suggests that such a journey constitutes a traumatic experience for the individual, which results in the loss of access to ancestral heritage as well as the language and the necessity of accepting one’s liminal condition, which contributes to the feeling of alienation and rootlessness.
Walking in Circles: Making Stories out of Landscapes
Authors: Cracknell Linda
Published: October 2021

Using the example of her novel, Call of The Undertow, published in 2013, Linda Cracknell writes about how repeated walks in a new place rich with possibility resulted in a fictional narrative out of observation and sensation. She also draws on her non-fiction book, Doubling Back: Ten Paths Trodden in Memory, a book described as a combination of ‘memoir, travelogue and literary meditation’, inspired by re-treading former journeys on foot taken by herself or by others.Both books have involved a ‘multiple gaze’ across nature, social history, communities and inner lives, and share some creative methods. In both she’s attracted to liminal worlds, exploration and often to women who challenge boundaries. Motion is necessary to this writer’s imaginative writing, but in Doubling Back, the motion has itself become the subject. For the writer, the craft is similar but fiction feels a greater transformation of the material. For the reader, which kind of text provides a more visceral experience of having travelled herself, and is it necessary for the reader to be a walker in order to fully engage with accounts of journeys on foot?
Female Revolution behind the Camera
Authors: Tambor Agnieszka
Published: October 2021

The paper addresses the issue of discrimination against women in the world of cinema. The author examines the successive stages of the struggle pursued by women of cinema for equality and fair treatment in an industry dominated and ruled by men. The discussion covers the most important campaigns and movements challenging gender discrimination, such as #MeToo in the U.S. or the European #nobodysdoll, as well as watershed events from the author’s point of view, including the Oscar for Kathryn Bigelow – the first woman in history to receive the award for best director, Harvey Weinstein’s conviction for sexual assault, and the leak of Sony’s confidential financial documents. The public disclosure of these facts triggered a process that should be referred to as gender equalisation in the film industry. The author also takes a look at the latest events in the industry, such as Agnieszka Holland’s election as president of the European Film Academy. In addition, the paper also comments on the aspect of feminine nouns in Polish and the attitude towards them on the part of the women they are supposed to describe. Information is provided on the U.S. and European cinema markets, as well as some diagnoses of problems appearing so far and suggested solutions.
Body Movin’: Ecocritical and Postcolonial Readings of the Travelling Body in the Tomb Raider Series
Authors: Gnat Tomasz
Published: October 2021

When Lara Croft travels, she travels light – sans suitcase, but in most cases with enough firepower to take opposing forces ranging from dinosaurs to bloodthirsty locals. However, her big guns seems often unnecessary titillation, for she can manage very well without them thanks to her exquisite acrobatic and hand-to-hand combat skills. She will vault over any obstacle, swim across rapid flowing rivers and abseil the steepest ravines. Lara Croft’s travels are often as physical as the virtual world would allow. That physicality returns our attention to the oft forgotten aspect of travelling namely the body of the traveller, not only defined by its position in space, but also by the ordinary and extraordinary circumstances of its biological interaction with the surrounding environment.In this paper I would like to explore the interplay between the body of the traveller and contexts it is located in. These contexts range from the narrative and gameplay aspects of the Tomb Raider series, but also go beyond the border of the game and are realised in the transformative and reflective cultural milieu of the game. In particular I want to focus on the representations of Lara Croft as an archetypal “action girl” and “adventurer archaeologist” and how these representations are realised in reference to the changing (maturing?) video game environments. In the framework of postcolonial and ecocritical theories I want to explore the dyads of body/the purported exotic, body/natural environment, as well as physical/mental aspects of travelling.
Globtroterka w wersji slow. Vlog podróżniczy „Globstory” między pragmatyką nowych mediów a poetyką reportażu
Authors: Frukacz Katarzyna
Published: October 2021

Artykuł ma na celu ukazanie specyfiki podróżnictwa w erze cyfrowej oraz dokonujących się rekonfiguracji w jego kobiecym nurcie. Z uwagi na reprezentatywne odzwierciedlenie obu procesów, na przedmiot rozważań został wybrany kanał podróżniczy „Globstory”, który powstał w serwisie YouTube z inicjatywy vlogerki Kai Kraskiej. Jako metodologię badania przyjęto analizę zawartości tego vloga i jego paratekstów: poświęconych mu kont na portalach społecznościowych oraz powiązanych z nim materiałów prasowych. Artykuł zawiera też liczne odniesienia do socjologii podróży i nauki o mediach.

Tak dookreślone studium, poprzedzone wprowadzeniem i przeglądem vlogów podróżniczych w Polsce, obejmuje trzy zagadnienia. Pierwszym jest charakterystyka wizerunku twórczyni „Globstory”, która realizując idee backpackingu i podróżowania wolnego, wzmacnia autentyzm swych relacji i dystansuje się wobec turystyki masowej. Następnie zostaje omówiona interakcja vlogerki z subskrybentami, zachodząca na poziomie zawartości vloga oraz zewnętrznej komunikacji w internetowych serwisach społecznościowych. Jako kontekst badania przyjęto w tej części rozpowszechnioną w dobie nowych mediów ideę tzw. kultury uczestnictwa. Ostatnim z poruszonych zagadnień są widoczne na vlogu Kraskiej nawiązania do poetyki reportażu, które wynikają z problemowego i transmedialnego ujmowania publikowanego materiału.Artykuł finalizują rozważania o zastąpieniu mainstreamowej figury rozpoznawalnej medialnie podróżniczki przez postać niezależnej globtroterki obserwowanej w internecie. Kanał „Globstory” zostaje też uznany za inicjatywę komplementarną wobec przemian współczesnego reportażu, dokonujących się pod wpływem jego konwergencji z nowymi mediami.
Literatura podróżnicza na polonistycznych kursach literatury światowej. Propozycje dydaktyczne
Authors: Gębuś Szymon
Published: October 2021

Teksty zaliczane do literatury podróżniczej pozostają materiałem niedostatecznie wykorzystywanym w dydaktyce literatury światowej, a także w obrębie studiów polonistycznych. Niniejszy artykuł stara się wyjść naprzeciw takiemu stanowi rzeczy, formułując autorską propozycję dydaktyczną. W zamierzeniu ma ona pomóc w konstruowaniu programów przyszłych kursów literatury światowej na studiach polonistycznych. W planie genologicznym bazuje ona na wykorzystaniu szerokiej gamy zagranicznych utworów podróżopisarskich, pochodzących z różnych kręgów kulturowych i odmiennych epok historycznoliterackich oraz reprezentujących rozmaite gatunki literackie. Z kolei w planie wykonawczym jej istota dydaktycznabazuje na jednoczesnym i skoordynowanym wykorzystaniu dwóch nowoczesnych technik nauczania: sformułowaniu zadań o charakterze kreacyjnym oraz na postawieniu otwartych pytań o charakterze problemowym, mających sprowokować studentów do wysiłku intelektualnego. Aktywność studentów staje się dzięki temu jednym z głównych celów zajęć dydaktycznych, prowadzonych przez nauczyciela kontrolującego całość tak sprofilowanego procesu dydaktycznego. Formą nauczania najbardziej sprzyjającą realizacji tej idei dydaktycznej staje się zaś konwersatorium lub wykład konwersatoryjny, które ułatwiają efektywną, wielowektorową interakcję intelektualną i współpracę zespołową.
„Parcours de la reconnaissance”. 120 dni „Kultury” Wojciecha Karpińskiego w kontekście dialektyczności podmiotu Paula Ricoeura
Authors: Trygar Barbara
Published: October 2021

W artykule analizuję ostatnią książkę Wojciecha Karpińskiego pt. 120 dni „Kultury” w kontekście filozofii człowieka Paula Ricoeura. Karpiński wybrał publikowane w paryskiej „Kulturze” teksty pisarzy, którzy go najbardziej inspirowali, uczyli patrzenia na świat i na drugiego człowieka, a przede wszystkim pokazywali, jak odkrywać piękno sztuki. „Ja” Karpińskiego kształtowało się w spotkaniu z innymi artystami. Tożsamość narracyjna jest pomostem prowadzącym do zaproponowanej przez francuskiego filozofa koncepcji otwartej dialektyki, która łączy dwa podejścia. Po pierwsze badacz przyjmuje porządek aposterioryczny, wychodząc od konkretu, czyli jednostkowego podmiotu umiejscowionego w określonych realiach życiowych, zanurzonego w konkretnej kulturze, posiadającego własną historię i doświadczenia, po drugie posługuje się kantowskim zwrotem, prowadząc refleksję o podmiocie w perspektywie transcendentalnej. Podmiotowość to zwrócenie się ku Innemu, a dzięki Innemu dokonuje się transcendowanie siebie. Jak dowodzi francuski filozof, w języku istnieje „siła ontologiczna”, która wskazuje na określony sposób bycia-w-świecie. Tożsamość podlega świadomym przeobrażeniom, a literatura jest artystycznym zapisem tego ruchu i zarazem dyskursem kulturowo-antropologicznym.
Półka literacka 2020
Authors: Nęcka-Czapska Anieszka
Published: October 2021

Szkic prezentuje najciekawsze/najgłośniejsze polskie książki prozatorskie i poetyckie opublikowane w 2020 roku w celu swoistego podsumowania tego, co działo się na polskim rynku wydawniczym w minionym roku. Autorka próbuje odpowiedzieć na pytanie, czy pandemia koronawirusa w jakiś sposób wpłynęła na pisarki/pisarzy, poetów/poetki i wydawców. Jej celem jest sprawdzenie, jakiego typu literaturę piękną najchętniej wydawano i jacy pisarze/pisarki, poeci/poetki cieszyli się największym zainteresowaniem recenzentów. Krótko analizuje i interpretuje dziesięć wybranych przez siebie książek prozatorskich i poetyckich, pokazując również, jak o nich pisali inni komentatorzy współczesnego życia literackiego.Wybór książek do omówienia oparł się zatem nie tyle na subiektywnych odczuciach autorki, ile przede wszystkim na recepcji. Celem szkicu stało się ponadto zaprezentowanie różnorodności publikacyjnej oraz pokazanie najpopularniejszych tendencji twórczych. Wśród omówionych autorów znaleźli się: Joanna Bator, Konrad Góra, Wioletta Grzegorzewska, Hanna Krall, Natalia Malek, Krystyna Miłobędzka, Marta Podgórnik, Zyta Rudzka, Szczepan Twardoch, Patrycja Sikora, a zatem w większości przypadków autorzy doskonale znani polskiej publiczności czytającej, którzy albo ogłosili swoje nowe książki, albo zaproponowali wybory dotychczasowej swej twórczości. Z przygotowanego zestawienia wynika, że szczególnym uznaniem (także „zawodowych”) czytelników cieszyły się przede wszystkim te utwory, w których twórcy próbowali scalać rozbite tożsamości, powracali do traumatycznej przeszłości, próbując uporządkować „tu i teraz” lub dyskutowali problemy komunikacyjne, a także te opowieści, które określić można mianem zaangażowanych społecznie. Tekst mieści się w obrębie literaturoznawstwa i krytyki literackiej.
The Acting Person and “Inactivity”: Sociological Attractiveness of Realism in Constructivist Times
Authors: Gawkowska Aneta
Published: October 2021

The article presents the analysis of some chosen arguments from Karol Wojtyła’s The Acting Person in consideration of the opposition between the realist and constructivist theoretical standpoints. It ponders the attractiveness of the realist position both for the social and personal dimension of human existence by considering such issues as freedom, autonomy, alienation, truth, receptivity, and community. Finally, it points to the ecological problem of the rightly understood “inactivity,” which is contrasted with the late modern hyperactivity of social constructivism.
Janusz Mariański, Godność ludzka—wartość doceniona czy puste słowo? Studium socjopedagogiczne
Authors: Rembierz Marek
Published: October 2021

Janusz Mariański, Godność ludzka—wartość doceniona czy puste słowo? Studium socjopedagogiczne - review.
Notes on Contributors
Authors: P&CL Redakcja
Published: October 2021

Philosophy and Canon Law. 2021, Vol. 7/1: Semicentennial of Karol Wojtyła’s “The Acting Person”: Ideas—Contexts—Inspirations (I)
O literaturze bułgarskiej, języku i przekładzie. Rozmowa z Wojciechem Gałązką
Authors: Gałązka Wojciech , Siedlecka Sylwia
Published: October 2021

Rozmowa z Wojciechem Gałązką, bułgarystą, literaturoznawcą i tłumaczem literatury bułgarskiej, dotyczy jego najnowszych przekładów artystycznych. W ciągu kilkunastu miesięcy, między 2019 a 2020 rokiem, w przekładzie Gałązki ukazało się sześć dzieł bułgarskich pisarzy i poetów: powieść Pod jarzmem Iwana Wazowa (2020); tomy poetyckie: Skądkolwiek wyjawiony Petyra Pyrwanowa (2019), Sezony uczuć Petyra Karaangowa (2020), Odblaski księżyca Nikołaja Liliewa (2020), Sen o szczęściu Pencza Sławejkowa (2020) oraz proza poetycka i wiersze zawarte w tomie Przeciwko nieobecności Nikołaja Kynczewa (2020). W wywiadzie omówione zostały kwestie związane z praktyką przekładową: struktury brzmieniowe, gramatyczne, przekładalność związków frazeologicznych, uwzględnienie konwencji literackiej w procesie przekładu, jak również zagadnienia problematyzujące przekład jako transfer między kulturami.
Under the Winged Sign of “Albatross”: Translations of Poe and Whitman and the Development of Serbian Avant-garde
Authors: Aćamović Bojana
Published: October 2021

The paper aims to examine Serbian translations of Whitman and Poe published by the representatives of the 1920s avant-garde movements and to point to the place of these translations in the context of the developing Serbian modernism. A special focus is on the book series “Albatross”, a short-lived but important project of Belgrade avant-gardists, which significantly influenced the course of Serbian literature.
Albatross Translation Project
Authors: Svirčev Žarka
Published: October 2021

The paper presents the translation concept of the Library Albatross (1921), the most significant project of today’s canonical Serbian modernists and avant-garde writers. This concept is paradigmatic within the modernist creative tendencies and programs between the two world wars. Although Library published only the translation of Poe’s Tales of Mystery and Imagination, the list of announced translations, the paratexts that accompany the Library’s promotional material, and the translation published, allow us to discuss specific translation strategies of Albatross. Albatross translation practice is a template for more comprehensive thinking about poetic innovations of Serbian literature after First World War. Moreover, the Albatross translation platform allows us to consider the concepts of modern/modernism, periphery/center, and world literature in Serbian culture during the twenties.