bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Brain Tumor Progression Modeling - A Data Driven Approach
Authors: Weber Christian , Götz Michael , Stieltjes Bram , Polanska Joanna , Binczyk Franciszek , Tarnawski Rafal , Bobek-Billewicz Barbara , Maier-Hein Klaus
Published: January 2022

Malignant gliomas are highly heterogeneous brain tumors with complex an- isotropic growth patterns and occult invasion. Computational modeling of cell migration and proliferation has been subject of intensive research aiming at a deeper understanding of the tumor biology and the ability to predict growth and thus improve therapy. However, current modeling techniques follow a generative approach and make strong assumptions about underlying mechanisms. The tumor is so far treated as homogeneous entity with behavioral parameters extrapolated from previous longitudinal image information. We present a novel way of approaching this problem by employing data driven, discrim- inative modeling techniques that learn relevant features from observed growth patterns and are able to make meaningful predictions solely on basis of local and regional tissue characteristics at one given point in time. We demonstrate superior performance of the proposed discriminative method (DICE score 83) compared to the state of the art generative approach (DICE score 72) on six patients and a total of nine different time intervals. Our approach can help estimating occult invasion as well as it can advance our understanding of the tumor biology and lead to valuable predictions of tumor growth patterns that could guide and improve radio therapy.
Construction of Statistical Shape Models from Minimal Deformations
Authors: Zikic Darko , Glocker Ben , Sass Hansen Micheal , Khamene Ali , Navab Nassir
Published: January 2022

Abstract. Statistical shape models (SSM) capture the variation of shape across a population, in order to allow further analysis. Previous work demonstrates that deformation fields contain global transformation components, even if global pre- registration is performed. It is crucial to construction of SSMs to remove these global transformation components from the local deformations - thus obtaining minimal deformations - prior to using these as input for SSM construction. In medical image processing, parameterized SSMs based on control points of free-form deformations (FFD) are a popular choice, since they offer several advantages compared to SSMs based on dense deformation ﬁelds. In this work, we extend the previous approach by presenting a framework for construction of both, unparameterized and FFD-based SSMs from minimal deformations. The core of the method is computation of minimal deformations by extraction of the linear part from the original dense deformations. For FFD-based SSMs, the FFD-parameterization of the minimal deformations is performed by projection onto the space of FFDs. Both steps are computed by close-form solutions optimally in the least-square sense. The proposed method is evaluated on a data set of 62 MR images of the corpus callosum. The results show a significant improvement achieved by the proposed method for SSMs built on dense ﬁelds, as well as on FFD-based SSMs.
Coronary Centerline Extraction Using Multiple Hypothesis Tracking and Minimal Paths
Authors: Friman Ola , Kuehnel Caroline , Peitgen Heinz-Otto
Published: January 2022

This paper describes an interactive approach to the identification of coronary arteries in 3D angiography images. The approach is based on a novel multiple hypothesis tracking methodology which is complemented with a standard minimal path search, and it allows for a complete segmentation with little manual labor. When evaluated using the 3D CT angiography data supplied with the MICCAI’08 workshop 3D Segmentation in the Clinic: A Grand Challenge II, 98% of the target coronary arteries could be segmented in about 5 minutes per data set with the same spatial accuracy achieved in manual segmentations by human experts.
The Surgical Assistant Workstation
Authors: Balazs Vagvolgyi , Simon DiMaio , Anton Deguet , Peter Kazanzides , Rajesh Kumar , Christopher Hasser , Russell Taylor
Published: January 2022

The Surgical Assistant Workstation (SAW) is a software development framework that can be used to develop new applications in robot-assisted surgery with augmented visualization. Robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery and micro-surgery as presented by the da Vinci telerobotic system and the Johns Hopkins Steady Hand, respectively can be improved by providing fully-integrated image guidance and information-enhanced intra-operative assistance to the surgical team and to the surgeon in particular. This paper describes several use case applications of the SAW framework, as well as a novel user interface library being developed to support 3D interactive menu systems and overlays for surgical guidance.
MITK and 3DMed : An Integrated Platform Applicable for the Development of Computer Assisted Intervention Systems
Authors: Tian Jie , Dai Yakang , Deng Kexin , Zheng Jian , Dai Xiaoqian
Published: January 2022

This paper introduces an integrated 3D medical image processing and analyzing software platform which is open interface and freely available. The platform consists of the Medical Imaging Toolkit (MITK) and the 3-Dimensional Medical Image Processing and Analyzing System (3DMed). MITK is an algorithm toolkit for research and software development, while 3DMed is a MITK based application system with a plug-in framework. The overall architecture and main capabilities of the platform are described in detail. Presented evaluations demonstrate that the platform can benefit the development of computer assisted intervention systems.
Finite Element Modeling of the Pulse Wave propagation in the aorta for simulation of the Pulse Wave Imaging (PWI) method
Authors: Vappou Jonathan
Published: January 2022

A large number of pathological conditions result in significant changes of the mechanical properties of the aortic wall. Using the Pulse Wave Velocity (PWV) as an indicator of aortic stiffness has been proposed for several decades. Pulse Wave Imaging (PWI) is an ultrasonography-based imaging method that has been developed to map and quantify the pulse wave (PW) propagation along the abdominal aortic wall and measure its local properties. We present a finite-element-based approach that aims at improving our understanding of the complex PW patterns observed by PWI and their relationship to the underlying mechanical properties. A Fluid-Structure Interaction (FSI) coupled model was developed based on an idealized axisymmetric aorta geometry. The accuracy of the model as well as its ability to reproduce realistic PW propagation were evaluated by performing a parametric analysis on aortic elasticity, by varying the aortic Young�s modulus between 20 kPa and 2000 kPa. The Finite-Element model was able to predict with good accuracy the expected PWV values in different theoretical cases, with an averaged relative difference of 14% in the 20kPa-100kPa, which corresponds to a wide physiologic range for stiffness of the healthy aorta. This study allows to validate the proposed FE model as a tool that is capable of representing quantitatively the pulse wave patterns in the aorta.
Extension to OpenIGTLink; Smart Socket Connection, XML as Message, Logging, and One-to-multi Relaying
Authors: Chinzei Kiyoyuki , Tokuda Junichi
Published: January 2022

We extended OpenIGTLink with following useful features; 1) AgentSocket class to capsulate socket initiation for smarter socket connection with try-catch implementation, 2) XmlMessage class to handle an XML text message. Using this extension, we will implement a data-logging DB that can relay the data to multiple clients. This will impact the following 1) a pair of agent takes care of establishing, maintaining, terminating the communication channel, as well as attempting re-connection in case of network trouble, 2) modern error handling, 3) arbitrary format of data transfer by formatting an XML, including MRML data transmission via OpenIGTLink, 4) data logging by XML format. The work is yet in an early stage of implementation and a simple client example will be demonstrated.
Multiple Sclerosis Lesion Segmentation Using Statistical and Topological Atlases
Authors: Shiee Navid , Bazin Pierre-Louis , Pham Dzung L.
Published: January 2022

This paper presents a new fully automatic method for segmentation of brain images that possess multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions. Multichannel magnetic resonance images are used to delineate multiple sclerosis lesions while segmenting the brain into its major structures. The method is an atlas based segmentation technique employing a topological atlas as well as a statistical atlas. An advantage of this approach is that all segmented structures are topologically constrained, thereby allowing subsequent processing with cortical unfolding or diffeomorphic shape analysis techniques. Validation on data from two studies demonstrates that the method has an accuracy comparable with other MS lesion segmentation methods, while simultaneously segmenting the whole brain.
Shape and Appearance Models for Automatic Coronary Artery Tracking
Authors: Zambal Sebastian , Hladuvka Jiri , Kanitsar Armin , B� Katja
Published: January 2022

Automatic tracking of coronary arteries in Computed Tomography Angiography (CTA) is a challenging task. To accomplish it we propose a method consisting of two main steps: (1) A 3D model of the heart is matched for detecting the approximate position of the heart. Based on this information candidates for origins of coronary arteries are calculated. (2) Fitting of cylindrical sampling patterns is performed for extracting the vessel tree of coronary arteries. Branching and termination are handled by depth-first search and noise level estimation respectively. Results show that – compared to human intra-observer variations – the presented method performs worse for accuracy measures (on average 39.4 scores), but slightly better for overlap measures (on average 51.5 scores).
Visualization of 4D-PET/CT, Target Volumes and Dose Distribution: Applications in Radiotherapy Planning
Authors: Schlachter Matthias , Fechter Tobias , Nestle Ursula , Bühler Katja
Published: January 2022

In radiation treatment (RT) planning medical doctors need to consider a variety of information sources for anatomical and functional target volume delineation. The validation and inspection of the defined target volumes and the resulting RT plan is a complex task, especially in the presence of moving target areas as it is the case for tumors of the chest and the upper abdomen. A 4D-PET/CT visualization system may become a helpful tool for validating RT plans. We define major requirements such a visualization system should fulfill to provide medical doctors with the necessary visual information to validate tumor delineations, and review the dose distribution of a RT plan. We present an implementation of such a system, and present qualitative results of its applications for a lung cancer patient.
Extending the tracking device support in the Image-Guided Surgery Toolkit (IGSTK): CamBar B2, EasyTrack 500, and Active Polaris
Authors: Güler Oezguer , Bardosi Zoltan , Ertugrul Murat , Difranco Matthew , Freysinger Wolfgang
Published: January 2022

The Image-Guided Surgery Toolkit (IGSTK) provides tracker interfaces for various tracking devices. The tracker component of IGSTK was extended with three new tracking interfaces: CamBar B2, EasyTrack 500, and Active Polaris. Using an IGSTK application we evaluated the precision of each of the tracking systems. Based on our evaluation we conclude that all tracking systems are sufficiently accurate for ENT procedures.
Closed Loop Simplification
Authors: Doria David
Published: January 2022

This document presents an implementation of an algorithm to find a low edge-count approximation of a complex, discrete, 2D closed contour. This implementation is based on the algorithm described in Using Aerial Lidar Data to Segment And Model Buildings'' andA Bayesian Approach to Building Footprint Extraction from Aerial LIDAR Data.’’

The code is available here: https://github.com/daviddoria/ClosedLoopSimplification
Simulation of Active Cardiac Dynamics with Orthotropic Hyperelastic Material Model
Authors: Wong Ken c. l. , Wang Linwei , Wang Li , Zhang Heye , Liu Huafeng , Shi Pengpeng
Published: January 2022

Meaningful physical models are important for studying cardiac physiology, such as quantitative assessments of pathology via changes in model parameters, and recovering information from medical images. In order to achieve realistic deformation studies, an anatomically accurate cardiac model under the prolate spheroidal coordinate system has been proposed, which comprises the pole-zero constitutive law characterized by 18 material parameters. Nevertheless, the large number of parameters and the complicated mathematics under the curvilinear coordinate system make it difficult to implement and computationally expensive. In consequence, we propose a cardiac model under the cartesian coordinate system comprising the Costa law, which is tailored for medical image analysis. The Costa law is characterized by a strain energy function with only seven material parameters, but has been reported as the best among the five tested well-known models in a comparative study, including the pole-zero law. In our framework, the penalty method for material incompressibility is used to avoid introduction of extra variables. Furthermore, we introduce a simple but novel boundary condition for enforcing cardiac specific boundary displacements under the cartesian coordinate system. With the active stresses provided by cardiac electromechanical models, and also the blood pressures acting as the natural boundary conditions on the endocardial surfaces, the physiologically plausible active deformation of the heart can be simulated. Experiments have been done on a cubical object to verify the correctness of the implementation, and also on a canine heart architecture to show the physiological plausibility of the cardiac model.
Automatic Coronary Tree Modeling
Authors: Tek Huseyin
Published: January 2022

In this paper, we present an automatic method for extracting center axis representations (centerlines) of coronary arteries in contrast enhanced (CE)-CT angiography scans. The algorithm first detects the aorta which is used as an initial mask for ostia detection~cite{grady2006:fast}. Second, the ostia locations are detected via a vessel centerline extraction method~cite{Gulsun:Tek:008} which tracks the center axis of the coronaries starting from the aorta surface. The full centerline tree of the coronary arteries are computed via the multi-scale medialness-based vessel tree extraction algorithm which starts a tracking process from the ostia locations until all the braches are reached. The centerline extraction algorithm is a graph-based optimization algorithm using multi-scale medialness filters.
The da Vinci Research Interface
Authors: Dimaio Simon , Hasser Christopher
Published: January 2022

The da Vinci research interface allows third party developers and research collaborators to retrieve a real-time stream of kinematic and user event data from the da Vinci Surgical System during clinical use. This data includes the motion of all master and slave manipulators, as well as a number of user console events such as button and pedal activations. This paper provides a brief outline of the technical scope of the da Vinci research interface, as well as some discussion of the criteria for accessing this interface, and requirements for establishing a research partnership with Intuitive Surgical Inc.
The Surgical Assistant Workstation (SAW) in Minimally-Invasive Surgery and Microsurgery
Authors: Kazanzides Peter , Dimaio Simon , Deguet Anton , Vagvolgyi Balazs , Balicki Marcin , Schneider Caitlin , Kumar Rajesh , Jog Amod , Itkowitz Brandon , Hasser Christopher , Taylor Russell
Published: January 2022

The Surgical Assistant Workstation (SAW) provides a modular, open-source software framework to support rapid prototyping of computer-assisted surgery systems, especially those that benefit from enhanced 3D visualization and user interaction. The framework includes a library of components that can be used to implement master-slave or collaborative robot control systems with support for complex video pipelines and a novel interactive surgical visualization environment. SAW includes standardized interface definitions (e.g., command names and payloads), with the goal of making the framework easily extensible so that developers can add support for their own robotic devices and associated hardware platforms. This paper presents an overview of the component-based architecture, followed by applications (use cases) in the areas of minimally-invasive surgery (MIS), microsurgery, and surgical skill assessment.
EM Segmentation: Automatic Tissue Class Intensity Initialization Using K-means
Authors: Srinivasan Padmapriya , Shenton Martha , Bouix Sylvain
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT Brain tissue segmentation is important in many medical image applications. We augmented the Expectation-Maximization segmentation algorithm in Slicer3 (www.spl.harvard.edu) . Currently, in the EM Segmenter module in Slicer3 user input is necessary to set tissue-class (Gray Matter, White Matter etc.) intensity values. Our contribution to the current pipeline is to automatically compute such values using k-means clustering. Our method can be applied to scans of varying intensity profiles and thus we obviate the need for a normalization step. We applied this pipeline on multiple datasets and our method was able to accurately classify tissue-classes. The implementation was done as a standalone utility in the Python programming language (www.python.org) and work is underway to incorporate it in the EM processing pipeline.
TiCoLi - An Open Software Library for Device Integration in the Digital OR based on Open Software and Open Standards
Authors: Burgert Oliver
Published: January 2022

Purpose The lack of interfaces for system integration in the Operating Room (OR) has been recognized as one of the major factors to impede efficient OR turnover procedures as well as efficient intraoperative data handling and ergonomics in the OR. A software interface for application-layer connection between data processing units in the OR is presented. Methods The requirements for data exchange in the OR were derived, mostly from the literature. A c++ class library was developed according to these requirements. The efficiency of the data exchange and the limits of the system were investigated by a series of experiments. An examplary application was built using the library to show its applicability under realistic conditions. Results We present the software library TiCoLi for automatic OR network configuration, device and service discovery (“surgical plug-and-play”), message exchange, data streaming, and remote access to device parameters and functionalities through an Ethernet network. The system is based on a modular, object-oriented software design, which guarantees high flexibility regarding the adaptation of its subsystems to the needs of a particular clinical application. Conclusions The TiCoLi package is the first open source software library which was developed for system integration in the OR which covers message exchange, data streaming, and auto configuration.
An open-source real-time ultrasound reconstruction system for four-dimensional imaging of moving organs
Authors: Pace Danielle , Gobbi David , Wedlake Chris , Gumprecht Jan , Boisvert Jonathan , Tokuda Junichi , Hata Nobuhiko , Peters Terry
Published: January 2022

Four-dimensional imaging is a necessary step in computer-assisted interventions (CAI) performed on moving surgical targets, such as those located within the beating heart or influenced by respiratory motion. Ultrasound (US) is often the best imaging modality for this application, as it provides good contrast and spatial resolution while remaining simple to integrate into the operating room. However, conventional 2D US imaging is often insufficient for preoperative planning and surgical guidance, real-time 3D ultrasound imaging using matrix array probes has a smaller field of view and lower spatial resolution, and 3D volumes created using 3D US reconstruction suffer from motion artifacts. As an alternative, gated 4D ultrasound reconstruction using a tracked 2D US probe is a promising technology. In this paper, we present SynchroGrab4D to the open-source community. SynchroGrab4D performs 3D and 4D US reconstruction in real-time while visualizing the output volume(s) within an OpenIGTLink-compliant CAI system, such as 3D Slicer. Also included are VTK classes that perform ECG-gating and that interface with several commercial tracking systems, as well as a 4D Imaging module in 3D Slicer. Our open-source imaging system can be used to collect the 4D image data required for computer-assisted surgical planning and intraoperative guidance for a variety of moving organs.
Automatic Segmentation of Structures in CT Head and Neck Images using a Coupled Shape Model
Authors: Jung Florian , Knapp Oliver , Wesarg Stefan
Published: January 2022

The common approach to do a fully automatic segmentation of multiple structures is an atlas or multi-atlas based solution. These already have proven to be suitable for the segmentation of structures in the head and neck area and provide very accurate segmentation results, but can struggle with challenging cases with unnatural postures, where the registration of the reference patient(s) is extremely difficult. Therefore, we propose an coupled shape model (CoSMo) algorithm for the segmentation relevant structures in parallel. The model adaptation to a test image is done with respect to the appearance of its items and the trained articulation space. Even on very challenging data sets with unnatural postures, which occur far more often than expected, the model adaptation algorithm succeeds. The approach is based on an articulated atlas , that is trained from a set of manually labeled training samples. Furthermore, we have combined the initial solution with statistical shape models to represent structures with high shape variation. CoSMo is not tailored to specific structures or regions. It can be trained from any set of given gold standard segmentations and makes it thereby very generic.
Extending MITK by a real-time online video overlay navigation system for minimally invasive surgery
Authors: Keil Matthias , Noll Matthias
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this paper is to present our extension of the MITK toolkit by a real-time navigation system for computer assisted surgery. The system was developed with laparoscopic partial nephrectomies as a first application scenario. The main goal of the application is to enable tracking of the tumor position and orientation during surgery. Our system is based on ultrasound to CT registration and electromagnetic tracking. The basic idea is to process tracking information to generate an augmented reality (AR) visualization of a tumor model in the camera image of a laparoscopic camera. Our system will enhance the surgeon’s view on the current scene and therefore facilitates higher safety during the surgery. A key intention of the development was to use only open source toolkits such as VTK, MITK and OpenCV in order to implement the desired functionality. So far we have applied our system in vitro in two phantom trials with a surgeon which yielded promising results.
Nonlinear Elastic Registration with Unbiased Regularization in Three Dimensions
Authors: Yanovsky Igor , Le Guyader Carole , Leow Alex , Thompson Paul , Vese Luminita
Published: January 2022

We propose a new nonlinear image registration model which is based on nonlinear elastic regularization and unbiased registration. The nonlinear elastic and the unbiased regularization terms are simplified using the change of variables by introducing an unknown that approximates the Jacobian matrix of the displacement field. This reduces the minimization to involve linear differential equations. In contrast to recently proposed unbiased fluid registration method, the new model is written in a unified variational form and is minimized using gradient descent. As a result, the new unbiased nonlinear elasticity model is computationally more efficient and easier to implement than the unbiased fluid registration. The unbiased large-deformation nonlinear elasticity method was tested using volumetric serial magnetic resonance images and shown to have some advantages for medical imaging applications.
A File Reader for the VisualSonics Vevo 770 Digital RF Data
Authors: Mccormick Matthew
Published: January 2022

A C++ file reader for the VisualSonics Vevo® 770 high frequency ultrasound system is presented. The digital RF header file is read into an XML DOM representation, which can be serialized as XML, HTML, or accessed in C++ natively with data object binding. An InsightToolkit reader is also implemented.
Steps towards the Integration of Model Guided Therapy Systems into the Healthcare Environment
Authors: Burgert Oliver , Thies Christian
Published: January 2022

Hospital Information Systems (HIS) are the primary source of information in clinical routine. In most clinics and medical centers, an electronic health record (EHR) stores relevant patient information which is passed between sub-systems using the ISO standard Health Level 7 (HL7). In Radiology, the Picture Archiving and Communication System (PACS) is used to store and transfer medical images and other image related patient data and reports. The paper promotes the development of dedicated patient models based on HIS information. This allows specialized and tailored models for each purpose without the need for a commonly accepted data format.
A Surgical Assistant Workstation (SAW) Application for Teleoperated Surgical Robot System
Authors: Jung Min Yang , Xia Tian , Deguet Anton , Kumar Rajesh , Taylor Russell , Kazanzides Peter
Published: January 2022

The Surgical Assistant Workstation (SAW) modular software framework provides integrated support for robotic devices, imaging sensors, and a visualization pipeline for rapid prototyping of telesurgical research systems. Subsystems of a telesurgical system, such as the master and slave robots and the visualization engine, form a distributed environment that requires an efficient inter-process communication (IPC) mechanism. This paper describes the extension of the component-based framework provided by the cisst libraries, on which the SAW depends, from a multi-threaded (local) to a multi-process (networked) environment. The current implementation uses the Internet Communication Engine (ICE) middleware package, but the design does not depend on ICE and can accomodate other middleware choices. A telesurgical robot system based on the da Vinci hardware platform is used as a test case, with a research application that requires coordination between the left and right robot arms (a bimanual knot tying task). Performance measurements on this platform indicate minimal overhead due to the networking.
Robot assisted prostate surgery using augmented reality with deformable models
Authors: Enquobahrie Andinet , Kelly Martin , Deguet Anton , Shivaprabhu Vikas , Boctor Emad , Stringham Jerry , Lee David , Kazanzides Peter
Published: January 2022

We present preliminary results of our work to develop an augmented display for improved visualization of the prostate and surrounding critical anatomy for robot-assisted prostate surgery. Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in men in the United States. Early stage prostate cancer is potentially cured by surgery, which can be performed in a traditional, open fashion or laparoscopically. Recently, robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RALP) using the da Vinci surgical robot system has gained wide acceptance. Robotic systems improve surgeon dexterity by incorporating additional degrees of freedom at the end of the tools and offer increased precision and stability of movements. However, since the procedure is performed through small incisions, this technique reduces free sight and tactile feedback compared to open surgery. Surgeons also lose the ability to palpate the prostate to locate tumors and other critical structures such as neurovascular bundles (NVB). Surgeons must rely on visual cues from the video monitor and mentally correlate them with the underlying anatomy, often using information from medical images obtained prior to the procedure. Further complications arise from local deformations in the prostate tissue that occurs throughout the prostatectomy procedure due to the interaction between the surgical instruments and the prostate tissue. Subsequently, the anatomical model generated pre-operatively will need to be updated during the procedure to reflect this deformation. To address the clinical need for more accurate and reliable guidance, we are developing a navigation system that provides surgeons with an augmented reality (AR) view that fuses a pre-operative MRI model of the prostate, tumor and surrounding tissues with the da Vinci system laparoscopic video, while compensating for non-rigid prostate tissue deformation using intra-operative transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) imaging. The work focuses on three components: (i) Developing and evaluating algorithm for registration of MRI and ultrasound images (2) Building and testing an augmented reality, with 3D Slicer, Surgical Assistant Workstation (SAW) and the da Vinci surgical robotic system. (3) Evaluate the system using a multi-modality prostate phantom.
Computational Biomechanics for Medicine III: a MICCAI 2008 satellite
Authors: Miller Karol , Nielsen Poul
Published: January 2022

Mathematical modeling and computer simulation have proved tremendously successful in engineering. One of the greatest challenges for mechanists is to extend the success of computational mechanics to fields outside traditional engineering, in particular to biology, biomedical sciences, and medicine. The proposed workshop will provide an opportunity for computational biomechanics specialists to present and exchange opinions on the opportunities of applying their techniques to computer-integrated medicine. For example, continuum mechanics models provide a rational basis for analyzing biomedical images by constraining the solution to biologically reasonable motions and processes. Biomechanical modeling can also provide clinically important information about the physical status of the underlying biology, integrating information across molecular, tissue, organ, and organism scales. The main goal of this workshop is to showcase the clinical and scientific utility of computational biomechanics in computer-integrated medicine.

The authors of the best papers presented at the Computational Biomechanics for Medicine workshop will be requested to submit an extended version of their papers to the special section of the Medical Image Analysis journal.
Pengaruh Kompensasi Terhadap Prestasi Kerja
Authors: Simangunsong Ridhon MB , Tobing Artha Lumban , Siagian Nalom
Published: January 2022

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya pengaruh kompensasi terhadap prestasi kerja pada PT. Rayateh Utama Medan dengan menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Peneliti mengambil seluruh populasi karyawan di PT. Rayateh Utama Medan berjumlah 52 orang (sampel jenuh), keseluruhan dari indikator dn instrument yang dikembangkan digunakan sebagai titik tolak untuk menyusun butir-butir instrumen yang dapat berupa pertanyaan atau pernyataan. Dalam melakukan penelitian terhadap variabel yang akan diuji, setiap jawaban akan diberikan skor. Sebelum melakukan analisis data terlebih dahulu dilakukan Uji Validitas dan Reliabilitas. Hasil penelitian ini adalah terdapat pengaruh positif dan signifikan antara Kompensasi Langsung dan Kompensasi Tidak Langsung terhadap prestasi kerja dengan > (12.878 > 3.23). Sedangkan uji t, untuk variabel x1 diperoleh nilai > (4,107 > 2,009) untuk variabel x2 > (2,689 > 2,009). Untuk Uji Determinasi (R2) dijelaskan bahwa variabel Kompensasi Langsung dan Kompensasi Tidak Langsung sebesar 34,5% dan 65,5% dijelaskan oleh variabel independen lainnya. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan dari kompensasi (kompensasi langsung dan kompensasi tidak langsung) terhadap prestasi kerja. Untuk itu disarankan kepada PT. Rayateh Utama Medan agar memperhatikan kompensasi yang terdiri dari kompensasi langsung dan kompensasi tidak langsung untuk meningkatkan prestasi kerja.
193 Balancing Education and Practice: A Reflection from A Simulation Educator During The COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Boatfield-Thorley Alice
Published: January 2022

I consider myself privileged to divide my work time between my roles as a clinical simulation educator and as an intensive care nurse in a large teaching hospital. I find that working alternate weeks in educational and clinical roles can be challenging because both demand complementary but different skills. However, I am thrilled to have the opportunity to continue caring for patients alongside supporting and learning with colleagues. Balancing these roles during a pandemic presented me with new challenges and rewards, and reflection on these experiences has given me some fascinating insights. As the COVID-19 pandemic progressed and the number of patients requiring admission to the Critical Care Unit increased, the units were expanded and staff were redeployed from other areas to provide support. These ‘surge’ staff required rapidly developed simulation-based training to allow them to work in this unfamiliar environment within a restricted scope of practice. Being involved with delivering this training as well as working with surge staff in Critical Care afforded me a deeper understanding of the surge role and the unique challenges it presented. Once surge training was completed and I returned to delivering our standard simulation-based education courses, my experiences of working clinically continued to enrich my teaching because I felt somewhat familiar with some of the challenges our learners were facing as the pandemic continued.

Over the last year, I have felt conflicted at times; when working clinically during the peak of the pandemic, there was very little time to facilitate learning at the bedside, and during my educator weeks I relished the opportunity to support and teach but felt guilty for spending time away from colleagues and patients in Critical Care Unit. However, continuing with both roles better equipped me to answer questions and to provide support during surge training, particularly for those staff who had not yet spent time on the units. When assisting with other courses as a faculty member, I was able to deeply empathize with participants who encountered situations that I had become familiar with in practice – for example, communicating with others when wearing full personal protective equipment – which helped me to validate and normalize some of the experiences shared during debrief discussions. Through continuing to reflect on my time spent working in these environments during the pandemic so far, I hope to present my learning and recommendations for optimizing practice under challenging circumstances.
Analisis Struktur Perekonomian Kabupaten Pekalongan Pada Masa Pandemi COVID-19
Authors: Ikhwan M Nur
Published: January 2022

Pandemi COVID-19 tidak hanya berdampak pada sektor kesehatan namun berdampak pula pada perekonomian secara global termasuk seluruh wilayah di Indonesia tidak terkecuali Kabupaten Pekalongan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perubahan struktur perekonomian Kabupaten Pekalongan  meliputi  pertumbuhan sektor perekonomian,sektor basis, kinerja sektor perekonomian dan pergeseran sektor unggulan. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan menggunakan analisis Location Quotient (LQ),shift share dan analisis kuadran. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pandemic COVID-19 berdampak negatif terhadap seluruh sektor-sektor perekonomian Kabupaten Pekalongan. Analisis data sebelum dan saat pandemi COVID-19 menunjukkan Kabupaten Pekalongan memiliki 9 sektor basis dan tidak ada pergeseran sektor basis tersebut namun ada pergeseran kinerja sektor perekonomian unggulan berdasarkan kriteria kinerja pertumbuhan dan daya saing. Terdapat 4 sektor yang mengalami perlambatan kinerja, 7 sektor memberikan kontribusi positif pada pertumbuhan Provinsi Jawa Tengah, 1 sektor unggulan yang memiliki pertumbuhan cepat dan berdaya saing kuat pada masa sebelum dan sesudah pandemic COVID-19
RANCANG BANGUN ALAT UKUR FLEKSIBILITAS TUBUH MENGGUNAKAN SENSOR JARAK BERBASIS MIKROKONTROLER
Authors: Nugrawan Roynald Natan , Sollu Tan Suryani , Amin Nurhani
Published: January 2022

Body flexibility is one of the factors that greatly helps physical health because it can help in prevention, help restore muscle, and improve efficiency in various physical activities. One method to measure the body speed level is Sit and Reach Test using the Sit and Reach Box Scale measurement tool. Technically, this measuring instrument is still manual, simple and its production is still very limited. Therefore we need a measuring device to use electronic components to help process better and better in terms of which can be adjusted to good or bad by using the parameter norm Sit and Reach Test. The purpose of this study is to design a flexibility measuring instrument using a microcontroller based proximity sensor. This tool works with the arduino unu microcontroller as the main controller, HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor as a distance reader for body flexibility, LED indicators and speakers as a sign of body flexibility, then LCD and delphi 7 applications using serial communication as a display of body flexibility.
ANALISIS SETTING RECLOSER & PENENTUAN RATING FUSE CUT OUT BERDASARKAN ZONA GANGGUAN PADA JARINGAN DISTRIBUSI 20 KV GI SIDERA FEEDER PALOLO PT. PLN (PERSERO) BERBASIS ETAP 16.0.0
Authors: Angelina Evie , Sarjan Muhammad
Published: January 2022

In the distribution of electrical energy from substations to the load center distribution channels are needed. The problem that often occurs in distribution channels is short circuit interference. Often the location of the disturbance cannot be immediately located, thus slowing down the process of handling the disturbance. Disturbances that occur in the 20 kV distribution network are temporary (temporary interruption) and permanent (permanent fixes that take a long time). Even the interference that was originally only temporary can turn into permanent interference, because the protection system installed does not work optimally. To overcome this, it is necessary to analyze the disturbance zone in the distribution network.

Protection on the electricity distribution network has a very important role for the reliability and continuity as well as the security of electricity distribution, especially at the end of the load and one-phase branching. The inter-safety coordination on the distribution network must be in accordance with the standards set by PT PLN (Persero) ). In one phase branching area there is a safety against the current interference that may occur, namely Fuse Cut Out (FCO). very small short circuit, for that we need to pay attention to the way the recloser works with FCO (fuse Cut Out) so that the two safeguards can work well and avoid coordination failures on one-phase branching lines, so that the blackout area can be reduced. do the OCR relay settings in recl oser and Determination of suitable FCO rating so that the type used can be in accordance with the standard and can be in accordance with the load conditions in the field.
PERANCANGAN GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM UNTUK TRACKING DAN ROUTING MENGGUNAKAN ALGORITMA DIJKSTRA PADA KENDARAAN ANGKUTAN UMUM
Authors: Indrajaya Muh. Aristo
Published: January 2022

The ability to do tracking and routing of a motorized vehicle is very useful in everyday life, such as security on private vehicles, public transportation systems, mass transportation fleet management and others. In this study, we designed a Geographic Information System (GIS) application that will be applied to public transport services. This system will in real time track the position of each vehicle (taxi) and be able to perform automatic service for every taxi request by the customer.

Dijkstra's algorithm is a graph search algorithm that solves the shortest path problem that originates from one node for a graph where the weight of the node must not be negative. The analysis is done by examining the node with the smallest weight and inserting it into the set of solutions with the initial search for the origin node requiring knowledge of all paths and weights. Dijkstra's algorithm which is applied to this system will function to find the most suitable taxi for customers by using distance parameters and traffic density levels as the weight value.
Bibliographic Analysis of Basic Leadership Models in a Global Environment
Authors: Miloloža Ivan
Published: January 2022

Leadership is one of the functions of management, and unlike other management functions, it cannot be partially transferred to others, so leadership becomes the most important and real function of management. It is a ubiquitous and current topic because successful leadership is a skill that is present in different aspects of life and organizations, such as in a company, the state, in wars, or within the family. The art is to influence other people and relationships so that they are willing to achieve set goals. Leadership is an action, not a position that is automatically gained by a position in an organization. The phenomenon of leadership and successful leaders always capture the attention of not only the scientific but also the social public. Given the large number of studies conducted and studies written on the importance and the impact of leadership, numerous models, approaches, and leadership theories have been formed. The paper aims to shed some light on the research trends of leadership types in scientific literature. The Scopus database has been researched using the keywords “leadership type”, which resulted in 127 journal articles. A bibliographic analysis has been conducted with the focus on the timeline of publications, trends in leading authors, institutions, and countries, and the financing institutions analysis. Citation analysis has also been conducted with the focus on papers with the highest number of citations. Topics of the papers have been analyzed using the text mining analysis, which revealed a variety of management-related topics.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Improving Sustainability of Technical Ceramics Production: Synergistic Approach
Authors: Žmak Irena , Ćurković Lidija
Published: January 2022

Sustainable development is a concept focused on preserving current resources for them to be available to future generations as well, while at the same time fulfilling current human needs and facilitating adequate levels of development. Nowadays, there are many possible applications of sustainability principles, such as in the fields of the economy, agriculture, environment, energy, transport, architecture, and production. Sustainable production of materials and goods aims at improving the processes which are less damaging to the environment, which conserve natural resources and use low levels of energy, possibly derived from sustainable sources. One of the intensive energy- and resource-consuming industries is the conventional production of technical ceramics. Although non-toxic, ceramic waste is generated during the machining of the green bodies and is typically landfilled. To improve the sustainability of technical ceramics production, methods of recycling ceramic waste need to be developed and applied.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Website Design and Trust Elements: A/B Testing on a Start-up's Website
Authors: Schmitt Lars , Haupenthal Isabel , Bin Ahmed Faisal
Published: January 2022

Start-ups are young companies that are hardly known, especially during their early stages, by the relevant stakeholders. A start-up's website is, therefore, often the first point of contact for potential customers, investors, or partners. Such a website usually explains the new product or service and presents the founding team with its competencies. The user's perception of the website and its design can be crucial in determining whether the user is interested in getting in touch with the start-up or even considering the purchase of the respective product or service. User’s trust in the website and its operator is essential for this. The so-called trust elements, such as logos, testimonials, or seals, are intended to create trust on websites. So far, the influence of these elements on user behaviour has hardly been empirically proven in a real-life context. Therefore, we have applied the method of A/B testing to the website of a fictive start-up. Trust elements were placed on one variant of the website (A), whereas on the other variant, there were none (B). The experiment shows that the duration of the user sessions does not differ between the two variants. However, more requests were made on the website variant with trust elements.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Analysis of Overhead Costs Management in Companies
Authors: Wolfram Irsa , Csaba Székely
Published: January 2022

The development of overhead costs management is becoming more and more important as the percentage of overhead costs is rising. The last 15 years have demonstrated the awakening of advanced methods and tools aimed at understanding the utilization of overheads better. The paper investigates the current state of overhead costs management using a sample of 20 companies in Austria, Hungary, and Slovakia. A qualitative approach was applied in a multi-case study, which unveiled the significance of overhead cost management with the increasing trend of importance. The effort reflects current innovations using digitalization of processes. The findings show that (1) the majority of the companies indicated that digitalization heavily impacts overhead costs; (2) all expressed their dissatisfaction with the tools currently used; and (3) the majority cited that usability and speed are the predominant factors. The analysis and the subsequent synthesis delivered three theses: (1) perception that digital competence enables overhead costs management; (2) belief that competencies are insufficient; and (3) there are prerequisites for success in overhead costs management. The paper examines the situation in seven industries represented in the sectors of manufacturing and transportation/storage for the time period from 2008 to 2017. The paper concludes with several recommendations for academia, businesses, and future research.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Optimization of Fuzzy Logic Controller by Using Heuristic Algorithms
Authors: Unsal Sinan , Aliskan Ibrahim
Published: January 2022

There are many design parameters in the structure of fuzzy logic controllers. Conventional methods that don't have a systematic approach are often used in determining of these parameters. However, setting the controller parameters in this way leads to long experiments and this takes a lot of time. For this reason, design parameters of the fuzzy logic controller are usually determined by using heuristic algorithms. Because, heuristic algorithms can offer solutions that are very close to the optimal solution for the problems where exact solution cannot be obtained. In this study, output membership functions of a fuzzy logic controller are optimized using particle swarm optimization and genetic algorithm. Design and optimization stages are explained in detail and results are compared with each other.