bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE PROPORTIONALITY OF CRIMINAL LIABILITY FOR SOME CRIMINAL OFFENCES UNDER MARTIAL LAW
Authors: TIMOFIEIEVA Liliia
Published: October 2024

The article examines the issue of proportionality of criminal responsibility for some criminal offenses under martial law. Taking into account the analysis of the text of the law on the introduction of relevant amendments, the explanatory note to the corresponding draft law and the practice of the Supreme Court of Ukraine, it was found that the aggravating circumstance "using the conditions of martial law or a state of emergency " under point 11, part 1 of Article 67 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine and the qualifying circumstance "in conditions of war or state of emergency" of sanction in Part 4 of Article 185, Part 4 of Article 186, Part 4 of Article 187 part 4 of Article 189, Part 4 of Article 191 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine have the same legal nature. On the basis of the judicial practice of the Supreme Court of Ukraine, it was established that the qualification of theft under martial law in any amount (in particular, in the minimum amount) according to part 4 of Article 185 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine is a disproportionate means of influence Martial law conditions exist throughout Ukraine until the end of the war. But this does not mean the leveling of the main corpus delicty and other qualifying features of the corpus delicty. It is proposed to clarify the editing of the article, in particular, using the conditions of war or a state of emergency, using the helpless state of residents or other conditions created by military actions that facilitate the commission of criminal offenses to a degree that is significantly different from the circumstances of ordinary life. It is established that measures to respond to military criminal offenses must be proportionate and proportionate to other criminal offences. Restrictions on the possibility of applying the exemption from criminal responsibility seem inappropriate and contrary to the Constitution. Gradually, it will be possible to add all criminal offenses to this list of restrictions, based on countermeasure trends. This nullifies the existence of the institution of exemption from criminal responsibility as such and violates the principles of criminal law.
THE USE OF SPECIAL KNOWLEDGE IN THE INVESTIGATION OF CYBERCRIMES
Authors: ROZUMNY Serhii
Published: October 2024

The article, based on the analysis of the opinions of scientists and law enforcement practice, considers the concepts and signs of special knowledge, which should be understood as a set of theoretical knowledge and practical abilities and skills in the field of science, technology, art or craft, acquired as a result of special theoretical training or professional work experience. used in the investigation of criminal offenses. It is emphasized that the general purpose of using special knowledge is to solve the tasks of criminal proceedings, defined in Art. 2 of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine, namely the provision of a quick, complete and impartial investigation. The use of special knowledge contributes to the formation of an evidence base by revealing new information that cannot be obtained using only legal knowledge. Attention is paid to the forms of using special knowledge. It is noted that they are nothing more than a way of implementing the theoretical provisions of science in the practice of investigating crimes. Separate issues of the use of special knowledge in procedural and non-procedural forms in the investigation of cybercrimes are considered. Attention is focused on the procedural forms of using special knowledge, namely, the involvement of a specialist in the conduct of investigative (search) actions and the appointment and conduct of an examination. Specialists participating in the investigation of a certain category of criminal proceedings are identified, the main actions performed by them are indicated, and attention is focused on the objects seized during the inspection of the scene. The objects and subject of examinations: computer equipment and software products and examination of electronic communications, which are most often assigned during the investigation of criminal offenses committed in wartime conditions, were considered, and the objects and subject of their research were determined.
GROUNDS AND PROCEDURAL ORDER OF APPLYING PREVENTIVE MEASURES UNDER MARTIAL LAW
Authors: KIYANITSA Volodymyr
Published: October 2024

By the Decree of the President of Ukraine No. 64/2022 dated February 24, 2022, in connection with the military aggression of the russian federation in Ukraine, a state of war was declared. The imposition of a state of war necessitated certain amendments to the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine. These changes pertained to Chapter 18 of Section II, regulating issues of preventive measures and detention of individuals, as well as Section IXІ, which governs the special regime of pre-trial investigation and judicial consideration during a state of war. This situation led to changes in the regulation of virtually all aspects of societal life, including criminal justice. It posed a challenge to ensuring the enforceability of responsibility for committed criminal offenses while ensuring the safety of individuals involved in criminal proceedings. In order to adapt the current criminal procedural legislation to the current legislative requirements, several laws were enacted, addressing various aspects of criminal proceedings, including the issue of taking preventive measures. This makes the research topic relevant and discussed in the academic community. This article is dedicated to the analysis of such aspects: conditions under which the state can refuse to guarantee the rights and freedoms of a person under the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms during a state of war; changes introduced to the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine regarding the use of preventive measures during a state of war. The system of preventive measures defined in Article 176, paragraph 1 of the Criminal Procedure Code, includes measures such as personal recognizance, bail, detention, and house arrest. The main purpose of implementing these preventive measures is to ensure compliance by suspects or accused individuals with the requirements placed upon them within the framework of criminal proceedings, as well as to prevent possible unlawful influence on the investigation.
TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING ANTI-CRISIS COMMUNICATION OF STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES (on the example of JSC "Ukrzaliznytsia")
Authors: MARTSENIUK Larysa , BARABASH Anastasiya , DAS Biswajit
Published: October 2024

The article deals with study of the typology of crises and anti-crisis communications as an integral component of the general communicative activity of enterprises on the example of the stateowned enterprise JSC "Ukrzaliznytsia". The paper studied theoretical and developed practical recommendations for the development of modern anti-crisis communications technologies of JSC "Ukrzaliznytsia". The object of the study is the process of implementing modern anti-crisis communications technologies of JSC "Ukrzaliznytsia". The subject is a set of theoretical provisions regarding the development of modern technologies of anti-crisis communications of JSC "Ukrzaliznytsia". Data from open sources of statistical reporting, scientific studies of leading Ukrainian scientists, as well as leading international organizations and foreign scientists served as the information base of the study. The practical significance of the study lies in a broad comparative analysis of the essence and typology of crises, and accordingly, the directions of development of anti-crisis communications and the provision of effective recommendations for implementation at the state-owned enterprise - JSC "Ukrzaliznytsia". The purpose of the work is to develop theoretical and practical recommendations for the development of modern anti-crisis communications technologies of JSC "Ukrzaliznytsia". The analysis of the source base allowed: 1) to provide basic definitions of the concepts of "crisis", "anti-crisis communications" and 2) to typologize the studied phenomena. The result of the analysis is also the development of recommendations for the development of modern technologies of anti-crisis communications of JSC "Ukrzaliznytsia", which was reflected in the Strategy of anti-crisis communications of JSC "Ukrzaliznytsia". Further, the findings can be useful for further research on the specified topic. The work used scientific works of domestic and foreign scientists, own research, for example, SWOT analysis. An important step in the daily existence of Ukrzaliznytsia is the formation of an anti-crisis response group, these should be specially trained specialists who will know how to properly react to this or that scandal related to Ukrzaliznytsia, how to quickly ensure communication with people and management, if necessary, which news to be quickly uploaded to the network to reduce negative events. An important anti-crisis technology is the One voice technique.
COMPARATIVE CHARACTERISTIC OF THE STATUS OF A REFUGEE AND A PERSON WHO HAS OBTAINED TEMPORARY PROTECTION IN THE CONTEXT OF ARMED AGGRESSION BY THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION (EUROPEAN EXPERIENCE)
Authors: OSTAPENKO Olena
Published: October 2024

The article provides a comparative description of the essence, grounds for granting and terminating the status of a refugee and a person receiving temporary protection, as well as the extent of their legal personality. The armed attack of the russian federation on Ukraine at the end of February 2022 led to a mass departure of Ukrainians abroad in search of safety and, accordingly, an influx of Ukrainian migrants to the countries of the world. Most Ukrainians ended up in Europe. In connection with the massive influx of displaced persons, the Council of the EU activated Directive 2001/55/EC on the provision of minimum standards for the provision of temporary protection and the application of measures that contribute to the balance of efforts between member states regarding the reception of such persons and responsibility for the consequences of such reception. Directive 2001/55/EC provides for the possibility of obtaining both temporary protection and refugee status, which determines the relevance of the study.
THE CONCEPT AND ESSENCE OF MARTIAL LAW AS AN EMERGENCY LEGAL REGIME
Authors: SIRKO Andriy
Published: October 2024

The article highlights the issue of the concept and essence of martial law as an emergency legal regime, the understanding of the concept of legal regime, as well as characteristic features, features of the introduction and restrictions, as a result of the onset of this legal regime of martial law. The positions of scientists regarding the understanding of the concept of legal regime were analyzed and it was found that scientists often equate the concepts of legal regime and legal regulation. Also, during the research, it was determined that today the legal basis for restricting human rights and freedoms due to martial law is the following normative legal acts: the Constitution of Ukraine, the Law of Ukraine "On the Legal Regime of Martial Law", the Decree of the President of Ukraine "On the Introduction of Martial Law in Ukraine". It was determined that the legal regime of martial law is a legal regime that is introduced in exceptional circumstances that pose a threat to the integrity of the state, a threat to the normal life of society. It was emphasized that the introduction of martial law should in no way affect the basic rights of citizens, that the rights approved by the Constitution are limited only to those rights that theoretically can increase the negative consequences of martial law, which are clearly enshrined in the Constitution. It was determined that the guarantee of protection of human rights and freedoms, especially in the conditions of martial law, should be provided not only by laws, but also by bodies and institutions that exercise control over entities that directly exercise such restriction of rights within the framework of the law. The conclusion concluded that the introduction of the legal regime of martial law must comply with the principles of state, social necessity, objectivity, expediency and responsibility for possible consequences for the state and society, because regardless of the introduction of the legal regime of martial law, a person remains the highest social value in the state and those restrictions defined by the legislator cannot be the basis for illegal behavior in relation to a person.
REGULATORY AND LEGAL SUPPORT FOR THE ACTIVITIES OF CERTAIN ANTI-TERRORIST UNITS OF THE SECURITY AND DEFENCE SECTOR OF UKRAINE
Authors: TURCHANIKOVA Hanna
Published: October 2024

The article, based on a critical analysis of the current legislation governing public relations in the security and defense sector of the state, considers the state of regulatory and legal support in the fight against terrorism and the organization and forms of interaction between the fight against terrorism. The article, based on a critical analysis of the current legislation governing public relations in the security and defense sector of the state, considers the state of regulatory and legal support in the fight against terrorism and the organization and forms of interaction between the fight against terrorism. One of the key phenomena that makes it impossible or difficult to realize the national interests and preserve the national values of Ukraine is terrorism – a socially dangerous activity that consists in the deliberate, targeted use of violence by hostage-taking, arson, murder, torture, intimidation or other encroachments on the life or health of innocent people or threats to commit criminal acts in order to achieve criminal goals. The organization of interaction and coordination of the activities of the subjects of the fight against terrorism is entrusted to the Anti-Terrorist Center of the Security Service of Ukraine and is carried out depending on the levels of terrorist threat by exchanging information, coordination of actions of the subjects of the fight against terrorism: "red" (real threat), "blue" (potential threat) and "yellow" (probable threat) in the form of meetings of the Interdepartmental Coordination Commission of the Anti-Terrorist Center of the Security Service of Ukraine, as well as coordination groups at regional bodies of the Security Service of Ukraine. In the case of establishing the level of terrorist threat "red" (real threat) interaction of the subjects of the fight against terrorism is through the joint implementation of combat missions in the form of anti-terrorist operation – a set of coordinated special measures to prevent, prevent and stop terrorist activities, release hostages, ensuring the security of the population, neutralizing terrorists, minimizing the consequences of terrorist activities.
Улучшенная квадратурная формула для прямого значения нормальной производной потенциала простого слоя
Authors: Крутицкий П. А. , Резниченко И. О.
Published: October 2024

Рассматривается потенциал простого слоя для уравнения Гельмгольца в трехмерном случае, а также потенциал простого слоя для уравнения Лапласа. Получена квадратурная формула для прямого значения нормальной производной потенциала простого слоя с непрерывной плотностью, заданной на замкнутой либо разомкнутой поверхности. Квадратурная формула, предложенная в работе, дает значительно более высокую точность, чем известные формулы, что подтверждается численными тестами. Полученная квадратурная формула может использоваться при численном решении краевых задач для уравнений Лапласа и Гельмгольца методом граничных интегральных уравнений. Библ. 17. Табл. 1.
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES IN TRANSPORT
Authors: MUSTAFAYEV Kamran
Published: October 2024

The aim of the article is to consider the significant importance of the use of information technology in modern society as the main technical tool for the development of transport systems. It also addresses the expansion of economic relations among countries and the acceleration of integrative processes, emphasizing the transportation system’s role as a fundamental pillar of each country’s national economy and sosio-economic essence of transport services.
In the rail transport it has been investigated using smart trains, smart locomotives and smart wagons in the connection of rail transport with other types of transport for safety of trains, transmission capacity of the lines, speed of shipping control and also increasing employee productivity through computer systems of automated control systems. It has been explored the importance of monitoring the level of service more smoothly and qualitatively with the mutual integration of these systems as well.
The novelty of the article the novelty of the article is that information technologies in transport are integrated into transport systems of the 4th Industrial revolution, researching the development of an intelligent management system for modeling digital transport corridors and platforms, and achieving optimization of traffic flow and traffic management of the application of intelligent transport. In conclusion, in the future, smart locomotives should be integrated with smart cars, they are local controls for all components of the car – braking equipment; electrical equipment, service equipment, etc. satellite technology should be used to locate moving objects and monitoring systems. These technologies should be used in conjunction with radio communication and radar sensing of railway facilities from satellites and determine their coordination. In the future, connected management should become the basis of a single transport complex for all transport sectors and all forwarders for operational monitoring and forecasting of situations for all mobile units and each link involved in the technological process. The application of intelligent transport will provide by predicting traffic flow and optimizing traffic management.
ФАКТОРИ ЦІНОУТВОРЕННЯ НА СОНЯШНИКОВУ ОЛІЮ
Authors: САМОЙЛЕНКО Андрій , ЦАРЬОВ Віталій , СЕМЕНЧУК Аліна , ДАНИЛЬЧЕНКО Сергій
Published: October 2024

У статті наведено підходи до класифікації факторів ціноутворення на сільськогосподарську продукцію та продукти її переробки, на основі чого охарактеризовано особливості їх прояву в ціні соняшникової олії. Наявність різних варіантів узагальнення факторів ціноутворення свідчить про важливість даної науково-практичної проблеми. Ціна є ринковим показником, який визначає ефективність діяльності виробника соняшникової олії, тому для прийняття управлінських рішень потрібне розуміння всієї сукупності умов ціноутворення на ринку. Зважаючи на це, встановлено, що існують зовнішні та внутрішні фактори впливу на ціну соняшникової олії. До зовнішніх факторів пропонується відносити: співвідношення попиту і пропозиції на ринку олії; стан конкуренції в галузі; розвиток нових технологій; рівень економічного зростання; фінансово-економічні заходи державного стимулювання економіки; погодні і кліматичні умови; перехідні запаси залишків рослинної олії у світі; сезонність виробництва; запроваджені інструменти регулювання торгівельної політики; ціни на інші види олій; споживчі настрої населення. Серед внутрішніх факторів пропонується розуміти: рівень витрат виробництва олії; бажану суму прибутку; показники розміру та географічне положення підприємства; підходи до використання елементів комплексу маркетингу; охоплення каналів розподілу.
Визначено умови зниження або підвищення ціни олії при різних варіантах прояву наведених факторів. Ціна соняшникової олії перебуває під постійним впливом всієї сукупності факторів, поєднання яких формує правила функціонування ринку і досить часто супроводжується непередбачуваними наслідками. Наведений перелік факторів варто враховувати учасникам ринкових відносин при прогнозуванні тенденцій зміни ціни на соняшникову олію, щоб усувати ризики отримання негативних показників у господарській діяльності.
Strategi dan Metode Membina Hubungan Menuju Kebahagiaan Hidup
Authors: Assahrawiza Assahrawiza , Mudjiran Mudjiran , Karneli Yeni
Published: October 2024

Membangun hubungan yang kuat dan positif adalah kunci untuk mencapai kesuksesan dalam berbagai aspek kehidupan, baik pribadi maupun profesional. Hubungan yang baik dengan rekan kerja, klien, teman, dan keluarga dapat meningkatkan kebahagiaan, produktivitas, dan peluang untuk mencapai tujuan. Membina hubungan membutuhkan waktu dan usaha, tetapi itu adalah investasi yang berharga. Dengan menggunakan strategi dan metode yang tepat, Anda dapat membangun hubungan yang kuat dan positif yang akan bertahan selama bertahun-tahun. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Strategi dan Metode Membina Hubungan Menuju Kebahagiaan Hidup. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah menggunakan pendekatan tinjauan pustaka atau kajian literatur. konsep, definisi, penjelasan, jenis, komponen, dimensi, indikator, unsur, ciri, tahapan, kaidah, hukum, undang-undang, teori, dan dalil yang berkaitan dengan variabel yang diteliti diuraikan dalam tinjauan pustaka berdasarkan referensi literatur yang mendukung. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah membangun hubungan yang kuat dan positif dengan orang lain adalah salah satu investasi paling berharga yang dapat Anda lakukan dalam hidup. Hubungan yang baik dapat meningkatkan kebahagiaan, kesehatan, kesuksesan, dan membuat hidup lebih berwarna. Meskipun membangun hubungan membutuhkan usaha dan dedikasi, hal itu dapat dicapai dengan strategi dan metode yang tepat.
Implementasi Pengajaran Materi Part of Body Melalui Media Lagu di UPTD SDN 1 Jayamulya Kecamatan Kroya Kabupaten Indramayu
Authors: Himmawan Didik , Safitri Dini , Sutrisno Tedy , Hasanudin Hasanudin , Nuraeni Dian Zahra
Published: October 2024

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk membahas Implementasi Pengajaran Materi Part of Body Melalui Media Lagu di UPTD SDN 1 Jayamulya, Banyak siswa masih kesulitan dalam memahami pelajaran Bahasa Inggris, khususnya pada vocabulary dan pengucapannya. Hal ini disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor, diantaranya adalah rendahnya motivasi belajar siswa, kurangnya fasilitas media pembelajaran yang sesuai dengan materi, dan faktor guru. Guru UPTD SDN 1 Jayamulya kebanyakan mengajar tidak sesuai jurusan mereka. Mereka diharuskan mengajar seluruh mata pelajaran yang mengakibatkan kurangnya menggunakan metode pengajaran yang sesuai. Metode pembelajaran yang digunakan masih konvensional dalam arti pembelajaran yang didominasi oleh metode ceramah dan cenderung monoton. Kurangnya inovasi pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris menyebabkan rendahnya motivasi belajar, dan pemahaman materi. Oleh karena itu, kami memiliki inisiatif untuk memberikan solusi atas permasalahan tersebut, yaitu dengan menggunakan lagu dalam mengajar Bahasa Inggris untuk meningkatkan kosakata dan cara pengucapan mereka. Metode yang akan digunakan yaitu metode ceramah, demonstrasi, diskusi dan tanya jawab. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kualitatif.  Penelitian kualitatif adalah metode penelitian yang berlandasan pada pemikiran yang positif, digunakan untuk meneliti pada kondisi obyek yang alamiah, dimana peneliti adalah sebagai instrumen kunci. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Desa Jayamulya di UPTD SDN 1 Jayamulya, dengan jumlah partisipan 40 siswa kelas 5. Untuk memperoleh data dan informasi yang diperlukan dalam penelitian ini, maka teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah, bahwa implementasi Belajar Bahasa Inggris Pada Materi Part of Body dengan Media Lagu. Dengan dilakukan pendekatan pembelajaran langsung dan bimbingan secara langsung mengenai materi Materi Part of Body melalui lagu dan games. Kemudian, menjelaskan cara pengucapan yang benar terkait kosakata. Kegiatan pembelajaran antara lain memberikan lembar pretest dan memberikan lembar posttest. Dilihat dari hasil pengisian pre-test dan post-test yang dilakukan, siswa mengalami peningkatan yang kurang efektif. Oleh karena itu program yang kami lakukan cukup mencapai keberhasilan. Selanjutnya hasil capaian program pendukung ini diharapkan dapat bermanfaat bagi penyusun khususnya, siswa dan Guru UPTD SDN 1 Jayamulya umumnya.
A combination of multi-strain probiotics, prebiotic, and plant extracts improves ethanol-induced hangover outcomes in a zebrafish model
Authors: Ou Yangwenshan , Zhang Weiguo , Lan Jiaxun , Huang Xiaodan , Li Nan
Published: October 2024

Background: Alcohol use, even in moderation, causes hangover discomforts. It has been reported that alcohol-associated symptoms can be improved by either probiotics or medicinal plant extracts to some extent. However, the effects of a combination of multi-strain probiotics, prebiotic, and plant extracts have not been fully explored.
Objective: Our main goal is to assess behavioral responses and alcohol metabolism in zebrafish treated with a combination of multi-strain probiotics, prebiotic, and plant extracts after ethanol administration.
Methods: In this study, the zebrafish were first treated with the probiotic-prebiotic-plant extract mixture, and then was exposed to different levels of ethanol. The moving distance and activities of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) of zebrafish were measured after ethanol treatment. 
Results: This probiotic-prebiotic-plant extract mixture significantly improved total distance moved and activities of ADH and ALDH in zebrafish treated with either 1.5% or 4.0% ethanol. In particular, the mixture outperformed plant extracts (both at 250μg/mL) in total distance moved under 1.5% ethanol administration and degrading acetaldehyde under 4.0% ethanol treatment.
Conclusion: A combination of probiotics, prebiotic, and plant extracts effectively mitigated hangover symptoms in cases of moderate and heavy alcohol use and demonstrated superior performance in acetaldehyde metabolism compared to plant extracts alone after heavy drinking, based on a zebrafish model.
 Keywords: probiotic, prebiotic, Hovenia dulcis, kudzu root, curcumin, ethanol, hangover, behavior, metabolism, zebrafish.
Design and Implementation of Salvage Device Structure with Camera Detection Function
Authors: An Mianlei , Ding Lin , Zhong Kai , Liu Ruijun , Tang Wen , Tao Junbao
Published: October 2024

The drilling working is often needed in mountainous and woodland areas, such as pile foundation construction and electric power laying in mountains. They are difficult to drill manually by workers, but mechanical drilling is easier to achieve. However, at present, it is also difficult to construct and achieve working in the drilling process of wheel walk drilling machine to lead to the result of the less application for other fields. In this paper, a new process scheme is proposed to solve the working technology problem in the drilling process, which can make the platform more flexible and useful in the drilling process. The module design, working principle and technology flow of the wheel-walk working platform are introduced. The operation method and mode in the process are also introduced in detail. Finally, all the technological processes are implemented by the proposed wheel-walk drilling machine. The results show that the designed working technology can make the drilling process easier to realize.
A Study on the Application of a New Design for Equal Channel Angular Pressing Die and Design Parameters
Authors: Singh Nagendra , Agrawal Manoj Kumar
Published: October 2024

Severe plastic deformation processes are characterized by metal forming methods where exceptionally high plastic strains are achieved in a single pass due to elevated shear stresses. Additional passes during the process can further enhance strain values. Among the severe plastic deformation processes, equal channel angular processing is the most applicable method. The study introduced a method of applying equal channel angular processing in surface plating. Alloy strips made of AA5083 and Ms 58 Brass, each with thicknesses of 2 and 4 mm, were positioned alongside each other within an equal channel angular processing die. They underwent single and double passes during the processing to simulate the formation of metallic plating under cold pressure welding conditions. While some partial joints were observed. A new die arrangement has been proposed for equal channel angular pressing material processing. The suggested design represents an enhancement compared to current ones and includes an additional feature for processing materials at elevated temperatures, reaching up to 500 0C. The design underwent testing with various materials at different temperatures, demonstrating its capability to reduce the pressing load requirements effectively. The reduction in friction and the use of suitable tooling are credited for this advantage.
Study on Structure and Properties of CrAlN Film Deposited by Plasma Enhanced Magnetron Sputtering
Authors: Zhai Yanan , Lu Shuo
Published: October 2024

CrAlN film was deposited via plasma enhanced magnetron sputtering (PEMS) by sputtering Al-Cr alloy target. The microstructure of CrAlN film was observe using scanning electron microscope and high resolution transmission electron microscopy, meanwhile, the chemical composition was analyzed through energy dispersive spectrometer and the thickness was measured. The phase structure was characterized by X-ray diffractometer. The mechanical properties, corrosion resistance performance, friction and wear property were evaluated through Micro-Nano Indentation Tester, Revetest Scratch Tester, electrochemical workstation and friction and wear testing machine. The CrAlN film was composed of FCC-Cr(Al)N and BCC-Cr, which exhibited a dense columnar microstructure. CrAlN film exhibited excellent mechanical properties, the hardness and Young’s modulus was 37.69±3.75 GPa and 310.98±23.11 GPa respectively. Meanwhile, the Ecorr and icorr of CrAlN film was -21 mV and 0.312 μA·cm2 in 3.5 at.% NaCl, which could effectively improve the corrosion resistance of cobalt tungsten hard alloy. In addition, CrAlN film showed an excellent wear resistance in 3.5 at.% NaCl, the COF and wear rate was 0.571 and 1.55×10-6 mm3·N-1·m-1.
Application of the Modified Hyperbolic Sine Law for Creep Rate and Creep Lifetime Equation to Grade 91 Steel
Authors: Wu Yuandi , Lu Joan , Xu Qiang
Published: October 2024

The minimum creep rate and the Monkman-Grant relationship are currently essential methods for predicting creep life. The accuracy of traditional power law minimum creep rate equation is unsatisfactory when applied to a wide range of stresses and temperatures. In this study, four sets of Grade 91 minimum creep rate experimental data on different stress and temperatures were applied for power law, hyperbolic sine (HS) law and a modified hyperbolic sine (MHS) law minimum creep rate equation. Additionally, attempts have been made to introduce the effects of temperature into the modified hyperbolic sine law equation. The result shows that the modified hyperbolic sine law equation exhibits higher accuracy to a wide range of stress and temperature level and shows a good agreement with life prediction. The extrapolation curve from high stress to low stress matches the trend of experimental data. It is more suitable for extrapolation to long-term service facilities such as power plants with a design life of up to 60 years.
Effect of Different Process Parameters on Diffusion Bonding Interface of High Temperature Titanium Alloy Ti55
Authors: Chen Yao , Jiang Senbao , Rong Jian , Wang Yusheng , Pu Rongsen
Published: October 2024

In this study, a near-alpha titanium alloy (Ti55) is taken as the research object and Ti55/ Ti55 welded joint is produced by diffusion bonding methods in vacuum under different process parameters. By controlling the diffusion temperature (900 °C/ 920 °C/ 940 °C), diffusion time (60 min/ 120 min/ 240 min) and diffusion pressure (1.5 MPa/ 2.0 MPa/ 2.5 MPa), the effect of different process parameters on the welding interface of Ti55/ Ti55 welded joint is studied in detail. The optimal diffusion process parameters of Ti55 alloy are determined as diffusion temperature of 940 °C, diffusion pressure of 1.5 MPa and diffusion time of 120 min by observing the interfacial microstructure of the welded joint and X-ray inspection diagram of the whole joint. Under the optimal diffusion process parameters, the interfacial microstructure of the Ti55/ Ti55 welded joint is mainly composed of lamellar β phase Meanwhile, the welding interface of the Ti55/ Ti55 joint is excellently connected with no holes and other defects.
Effect of Quenching Temperatures on Microstructure and Mechanical Property of a High Mg-Containing Al-Mg-Zn-Si Alloy
Authors: Wang Qing , Wen Kai , Li Xiwu , Gao Guanjun , Yan Hongwei , Zhang Yongan , Li Zhihui , Xiong Baiqing
Published: October 2024

The quench sensitivity has a great impact on the property and microstructure of aluminum alloys. In this study, the Jominy end quench test was adopted to investigate the effects of different quenching temperatures on the electrical conductivity, hardness, and precipitation characteristics of a novel high Mg-containing Al-Mg-Zn-Si alloy. The results showed that as the distance from the quenched end increased, the alloy’s electrical conductivity rose, while its hardness declined. Concurrently, the size of precipitates expanded, and the width of the precipitation-free zone (PFZ) broadened. Notably, when the quenching temperature was elevated, the hardness at a given location remained relatively stable, yet the size of precipitates continued to increase, and the width of PFZ further expanded. Interestingly, the quenching depth of the alloy was found to be 41 mm when quenched in both 25°C and 50°C water, suggesting a negligible impact of quenching temperatures within this range on the quenching depth. However, at a quenching temperature of 65°C, the quenching depth slightly decreased to 39 mm. Additionally, we observed that Al3Zr and Mn-rich phases had a pronounced nucleation-inducing effect on the T phase. In conclusion, while the effect of quenching temperatures between 25°C to 65°C on quenching depth was minimal, these temperatures significantly influenced the precipitation features. This study provides insightful guidance for the development of innovative aluminum alloy designs.
Improvement of Adaptive Vibration Isolators Based on Magnetorheological Elastomer Materials
Authors: Altabey Wael A.
Published: October 2024

As a composite material, the magnetic flow in the Magnetorheological elastomer (MRE) becomes elastable particles suspended in the non-magnetic elastomer body. The magnetic field effect can make the material have variable stiffness and damping characteristics, so that it is adaptive and controllable. The biggest disadvantage of traditional MRE is that the width of the operating band is limited and narrow. The present work proposes a new model of seismic isolator based on MRE mixed with carbon Nano-tubes. During the curing process, a multi-wall carbon Nano-tubes (MWCNTs), which provides the adaptive frequency for real-time vibration control under transient disturbance. The adaptability has greatly improved the sustainability of the structures, especially for the high-risk structures of earthquakes. We found that the magnetic flow into the elastic body has more effective functions when mixed with MWCNTs. Compared with the traditional isolators, the magnetic and mechanical properties of the material are improved well, and it is expected to achieve structure optimization and adaptive performance.
Corrosion and Wear Properties of Aluminium AA7075 Reinforced Chitosan
Authors: Udoye N.E. , Aniemeka E.O. , Wachukwu D.O. , Okolie S.T.A.
Published: October 2024

This study explores the mechanical behaviours of AA7075/chitosan composite at a mesh size of 90μm formed through percentage range of 3, 6, 9, and 12 wt. % by stir casting method. SEM revealed existence of grain at the borderline of the matrix as increased in reinforcing agent resulted to evenly dispersal of fibre links in the micrograph. XRD analysis showed existence of Hydroxyapatite, Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2, as seen by many high-intensity peaks in the diffract gram of the dominant crystal. The wear rate of the samples is seen to be increasing from the control, peaking at 1.78 % at AA7075+9 wt. % chitosan before dropping by 0.04 % at AA7075+12 wt. % chitosan. The corrosion study revealed that AA7075+9 wt. % chitosan exhibits minimal corrosion rate in comparison to other matrixes. The findings shows that chitosan-reinforced AMMC can be produced using a cost-effective stir casting process while still meeting design requirements for use in electrical cables due to improved mechanical strength and electrical conductivity, as well as lightweight household utensils due to chitosan’s antibacterial properties.
Solving Problems of Deformable Solid Mechanics by the Method of Dynamic Particles
Authors: Oshkhunov Muaed M. , Dosko Sergey I. , Tlibekov Aleksey Kh.
Published: October 2024

A general method for solving all types of problems of “Solid mechanics” is given. A unified algorithm is proposed for solving the main types of problems of deformable solid mechanics: classical theory of elasticity, physically and geometrically nonlinear problems, dynamic problems of elasticity theory. A model of heat transfer in media with finite velocities is also proposed. The essence of the approach is to replace a continuous deformable medium with a system of interacting particles equivalent in physical and mechanical properties. The interaction potential between neighboring particles for an elastic isotropic continuous medium is determined by the Young’s modulus, Poisson’s ratio, or their analogues for heat transfer problems. The problems that must be solved for the effective use of a new method for solving problems of solid mechanics are outlined. Such a model is similar to dynamic models with concentrated masses, represented by systems of linear (or nonlinear) differential equations, algorithms and numerical methods for solving which are well known. However, it is necessary to ensure the accuracy of numerical integration and reduce the number of computational operations. It is proposed to use neural networks to solve large systems of ordinary differential equations. A mathematical analysis of the methods of separating a continuous medium and placing masses at points in an uneven grid of dynamic particles and a method for selecting a damping coefficient proportional to the velocity of movement of a material point is required.
Research on Key Technology of Installation and Construction of Steel Tower Components
Authors: Wang Feng , Su Ziang , Ge Huakun , Zhang Lichao
Published: October 2024

The Baishui Lake Bridge, a remarkable cable-stayed bridge without back stays, presents unique challenges in its construction due to the inclined design of the bridge tower. To overcome these difficulties, innovative engineering solutions have been employed. For instance, the use of QTZ1000 boom-type large lifting equipment has proven instrumental in accurately positioning the steel tower base with the aid of shaped steel stiff positioning support frames. Additionally, meticulous adjustments to welding angles and center of gravity based on the size and weight of the steel tower beam section have been crucial in ensuring structural integrity. Furthermore, advanced simulation software such as Abaqus has been utilized to establish a comprehensive understanding of the completed bridge state through rigorous simulation calculations. This approach not only validates the safety and reliability of this technology but also contributes significantly to reducing lifting weights during hoisting operations while promoting energy efficiency and cost-effectiveness. In summary, by leveraging cutting-edge engineering techniques and computational tools, the construction process for Baishui Lake Bridge has demonstrated an impressive blend of innovation and practicality that sets a new standard for complex infrastructure projects.
Research on Intelligent Site Construction Technology of Water Transport Engineering
Authors: Wang Lei , Wang Tong , Meng Xiangchang
Published: October 2024

In order to respond to the development needs of the water transport engineering construction industry, achieve the digital, refined and intelligent management objectives of water transport engineering construction, and solve the problems such as scattered information management, untimely information transmission and difficult quality traceability in the water transport engineering construction process, this paper explores the architecture of the water transport engineering intelligent site construction system. By using information technologies such as the Internet of Things, the Internet, intelligent sensing and cloud computing, the top-level design and functional construction of the intelligent construction site of the water transport project are carried out around the management elements such as personnel, equipment, materials, construction methods, environmental protection and safety in the construction process of the water transport project, and the whole process intelligent management of the water transport project construction is realized including pre-control, in-process control, process decision making and post-closed loop. Promote the intelligent transformation and upgrading of water transport engineering construction quality, safety and green management.
Real-Time Crack Detection on Concrete Using Non-Destructive Approaches Based on Yolo Series: Review
Authors: Bassir David , Chang Haochen , Majak Juri
Published: October 2024

Concrete is a fundamental material in infrastructure often exhibits significant surface cracking over time due to exposure to harsh environmental conditions. Cracking is considered one of the most critical forms of deterioration. In recent years, numerous disasters globally have underscored this vulnerability. Visual sensing and deep learning has marked a significant evolution, offering a leap from the manual, expert-dependent methods to a more continuous, data-driven approach. This improvement facilitated the integration of new components for structural health monitoring such YOLO series. It is characterized by their affordability, high resolution, and reliability. This paper aims to provide a short review of the current state of deep learning methodologies in real-time crack detection, with a particular focus on the application of the YOLO series. It presents also the main key components in the YOLO platform, the progresses and updates in each release. Despite the significant advancements to enhance detection capacities, several challenges remain. Summary of challenges and recommendations will be underlined at the end of this article.
Research on Cycle Cylinder Deactivation Technology Based on Hydraulic Variable Valve Mechanism
Authors: Jin Zhaohui , Zhang Kechao , Zhang Fenbin , Li Xiaoping , Xie Fangxi
Published: October 2024

In this paper, a four-cylinder engine hydraulic variable valve mechanism test platform is built to study the torque fluctuation and intake pressure fluctuation caused by cycle cylinder deactivation. The results show that the intake valve is closed after the cylinder is stopped, resulting in a surge in the intake manifold pressure and an increase in the intake pressure fluctuation. The cycle cylinder deactivation will increase the torque fluctuation. The maximum torque under the 20 % stopping rate strategy is about 132 % larger than that without cylinder deactivation. At the same stopping time, the torque fluctuation is more uniform. The cycle cylinder deactivation strategy effectively reduces the heat transfer loss and pumping loss. Under the same cylinder deactivation rate and different strategies, the effective work and other losses of the same strategy at the cylinder stopping time are not much different from those of different strategies at the cylinder stopping time, but the heat transfer loss increases and the exhaust loss decreases.
Design of a Platform for Identifying and Analyzing the Damage of Flexible Mesh in Water
Authors: Huang Shengxin , Wang Lulu , Ning Yanbin
Published: October 2024

With the rapid development of China’s economy and the continuous improvement of infrastructure construction, water treatment industry plays an increasingly important role in water resources protection and water quality improvement. The purpose of this paper is to build a platform for identifying and analyzing the damage of flexible nets in water. The platform is an intelligent identification system combining computer vision and machine learning technology, which is used to identify and analyze the damage of flexible nets in water (such as aquatic plants and plankton). The platform for identifying and analyzing the damage of flexible mesh in water is an advanced technology integrating real-time monitoring, automatic identification, data analysis, early warning and reducing labor cost, which has important application value for water environment protection and governance. Through the real-time monitoring and analysis of flexible mesh in water, the damage phenomenon can be found in time, which provides strong support for the protection and treatment of water environment.
Improved diagnostic confidence using Super Resolution CEUS imaging in testicular lesions
Authors: Apfelbeck Maria , Loupas Thanasis , Chaloupka Michael , Clevert Dirk-André
Published: October 2024

Ultrasound is the most used interdisciplinary non-ionizing imaging technique in clinical pathologies of the testis. The testis may be affected by a plethora of different disorders such as vasculopathies, trauma, infections and manifestations of primary and secondary malignant masses. Conventional ultrasound represents the basic imaging modality of choice to assess scrotal disorders. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) can provide further information to distinguish between benign and malignant testicular mass lesions. The recent introduction of Super Resolution CEUS Micro-Vascular Imaging (MVI SR) and Time of Arrival (TOA SR) parametric mapping compliments the information provided by conventional CEUS, since these two new post-processing techniques improve the visualization of microvascular structures with slow blood flow and provide high-resolution images of the peak contrast enhancement and temporal perfusion patterns. This paper gives a comprehensive overview of differential diagnoses of the testicular disorder and their corresponding sono-morphologic correlates based on representative cases of the Interdisciplinary Ultrasound Center of the University Hospital Munich.
In-Network Machine Learning for Real-Time Transaction Fraud Detection
Authors: Hong Xinpeng , Zheng Changgang , Zilberman Noa
Published: October 2024

Machine learning (ML) has become a mainstream approach in the fight against transaction fraud for its intelligence. For financial institutions and businesses, low-latency detection of fraudulent transactions in real-time is highly important as it enables rapid identification and prevention. Concurrently mitigating fraudulent transactions by using ML while also reducing latency remains a challenging endeavor, for which performing inference within programmable network devices offers a potential solution. In this paper, we introduce MIND, conducting ML-based fraud detection within programmable devices. MIND is prototyped on both software and hardware network devices, including BMv2, Intel Tofino, and NVIDIA BlueField-2 DPU, and is evaluated with three publicly available transaction datasets. Experimental results demonstrate that MIND detects transaction fraud in real-time, with a throughput of 6.4 terabits per second and microsecond-scale latency. Compared with server-based solutions, MIND can process over ×800 more transactions per second, along with a latency reduction of over ×1300 per transaction. At the same time, MIND attains 99.94% of server-based benchmarks’ accuracy and 93.66% of their F1-score, exhibiting only marginal degradation in classification performance. Therefore, MIND offers substantial savings in the number of servers, leading to reduced costs and energy consumption, while providing a better customer experience.