bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Meta Analisis: Pengaruh Tingkat Pendidikan Ibu Terhadap Kejadian Stunting Pada Anak Balita
Authors: Azizah Alfi Makrifatul , Nurmala Ira , Devy Shirmarti Rukmini
Published: November 2022

Latar Belakang: Stunting didefinisikan sebagai pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak yang gagal karena kekuranagn gizi kronis, terjadi sejak anak masih berada di dalam kandungan hingga usia 2 tahun, berdampak pada tumbuh anak menjadi lebih pendek untuk seusianya dan mengalami gangguan kognitif yang rendah. Salah satu pengaruh terjadinya stunting adalah faktor tingkat pendidikan rendah pada ibu. Ibu dengan pendidikan rendah cenderung menjadi kurang pengetahuan terkait asupan gizi sebelum hamil, selama hamil, dan setelah melahirkan, sehingga berdampak pada anak lahir dengan stunting dibanding dengan ibu pendidikan tinggi.Tujuan: Studi dilakukan untuk menganalisis pengaruh pendidikan ibu terhadap kejadian stunting pada anak balita.Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan studi meta-analisis dengan PICO sebagai berikut: P= anak balita berusia 0-59 bulan, I= ibu pendidikan rendah, C= ibu pendidikan tinggi, O= stunting. Pencarian artikel dilakukan dengan menggunakan database elektronik yaitu PubMed dan Goegle Scholar. Pencarian artikel dilakukan dengan metode kata kunci dan Mesh sebagai berikut “Maternal Education” AND “stunting” AND “children”. Artikel yang masuk untuk studi meta-analisis ini berupa full-text menggunakan  desain studi cross sectional. Artikel dianalisis menggunakan aplikasi Review Manager 5.3.Hasil: Didapat sebanyak 7 artikel dari tahun 2017-2021 yang telah dilakukan analisis menggunakan diagram PRISMA. Artikel dari berbagai jurnal ditemukan berasal dari negara Pakista, Ethophia, Rwanda, Burundi dan Nepal. Studi penelitian menunjukkan tingkat pendidikan rendah pada ibu berpengaruh terhadap besarnya resiko anak balita mengalami stunting sebesar 3.01 kali dibanding pada ibu dengan tingkat pendidikan tinggi (aOR=3.01; CI 95%= 1.92 hingga 4.73), dengan signifikan secara statistik (p=0.000).Kesimpulan: Semakin rendah pendidikan pada ibu akan semakin berpengaruh terhadap terjadinya stunting pada anak balita.
The Analysis of Logic Model Components from Nutrition Care Village Activity to Assist Stunting Reduction in Lamongan District
Authors: Swari Dwi Rani Indra , Wulandari Ratna Dwi
Published: November 2022

Background: The nutrition care village is one of the PELITA program’s activities and has goals for reducing stunting in Lamongan District. As stunting cases in Lamongan District decreased from 15.6% in February 2018 to 7.0% in August 2020, the achievement related to toddler undernutrition has increased from 2016 to 2019, namely 4.73%, 4.10%, 5.26%, and 6.87%. That output can potentially affect the quality of human resources or other problems in the future if it not handled properly.
Objectives: Analyze the components of the logic model from nutrition care village activity to assist the stunting reduction in Lamongan District.
Methods: This study was quantitative research, using questionnaires and observation methods. Then the data were subjected to descriptive analysis. The research sample was nine community health centers selected by purposive sampling.
Results: Logic model components in this study consist of inputs, activities, and outputs. Input factors were facilities and infrastructure, SOPs, and human resources. The facilities and infrastructure were fulfilled by coordinating with the community and stating that they do not yet have SOPs in a written document. The number of nutritionists in inpatient community health centers did not meet the minimum standards. The activities were for stunting areas, so they did not cover all villages. The outputs were 6 out of 9 community health centers reach the wasting target.
Conclusions: The results of the analysis were quite good. Some community health centers that did not meet the standard need improvements.
Red Rice Bran Extract Intervention Ability to Improve Lipid Profile and Malondialdehyde Levels in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Model Rats
Authors: Dwijayanti Isniati , Wasita Brian , Nurwati Ida
Published: November 2022

Background: Diabetes mellitus accompanied by oxidative stress can cause cardiovascular complications. Red rice bran extract contains antioxidants that have the potential to prevent oxidative stress and improve hyperlipidemia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Objectives: Analyzing the effect of red rice bran extract on lipid profile and malondialdehyde levels in a diabetes mellitus rat model.
Methods: Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design. Thirty-five male Wistar Albino rats were divided into 5 groups, namely, negative control, positive control given acarbose as much as 1.8 mg/200gr/day, and 3 treatment groups given red rice bran extract, 165, 330, 660 mg/kg/day for 21 days, respectively.
Results: There was a change in lipid profile and MDA levels (p<0.05) after the treatment of bran extract with doses of 165, 330, and 660 mg/kg BW/day. Red rice bran extract at a dose of 660 mg/kg BW/day can be an alternative to acarbose in reducing cholesterol, LDL, and MDA levels, as well as elevating HDL levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus rats.
Conclusions: Red rice bran extract can significantly improve lipid profile and malondialdehyde levels in the type 2 diabetes mellitus rat model. Red rice bran extract at a dose of 660 mg/kg BW/day might be used as an alternative to acarbose in improving lipid profiles and MDA levels.
Pemanfaatan Tepung Pisang-Singkong Sebagai Alternatif Pengganti Tepung Terigu Pada Pembuatan Mie Dengan Penambahan Putih Telur atau Isolat Kedelai
Authors: Utami Filiana Fizqi , Zackiyah Zackiyah , Kusrijadi Ali
Published: November 2022

In general, wheat flour noodles have a chewy and elastic texture, due to the presence of amylose, amylopectin and gluten proteins. People with celiac disease are gluten intolerant, so to enjoy noodles like people in general, an alternative gluten-free flour is needed to replace wheat flour, one of which is banana-cassava flour. To increase the nutritional value and texture of noodles, such as using wheat flour, egg white protein or soybean isolate and xanthan gum or ash water are added. This study aims to determine the effect of adding egg white protein or soybean isolate and the effect of xanthan gum or water ash on banana-cassava flour noodles on the physicochemical and sensory profiles. The research stages are the production of banana-cassava flour noodles, physicochemical profile analysis includes chemical profiles (moisture content, ash content and protein content), physical profile (optimum cooking time, swelling index, cooking loss and water absorption) and gluten content and sensory testing. The results of the analysis showed that the chemical profile of banana-cassava flour noodles met the wet noodle quality standard set by SNI 2987-2015, while the ash content was higher than the quality standard. Some good formulas, the water and ash content in the addition of egg white and xanthan gum (PTX) were around 4.95% and 1.80%, respectively, while the protein content in the addition of soybean isolate and water ash (PKA) was 12.89%. . Physical profiles for cooking time and swelling index on the addition of soybean isolate and water ash (PKA) were 2.50 minutes and 186.10%, respectively, cooking loss on the addition of egg white and xanthan gum (PTX) was 5.85%, while the water absorption in the addition of egg white and water ash (PTA) was 73.95%. Gluten levels in the addition of soybean isolates and water ash (PKA) ranged from 1.10%. The physicochemical profile of banana-cassava flour noodles was influenced by the type of protein and the best formula for gluten-free noodles was the addition of soy isolate. While the ash content, swelling index, water absorption, and gluten content are influenced by the type of agglomerate, and the best formulation for gluten-free noodles is the addition of ash water. The results of the organoleptic test obtained an average score of 4 (out of a scale of 5) on the attributes of color, aroma, taste, texture, and overall preference for the banana-cassava flour noodle sample.
Profil Petani Pembudidaya Talas (Araceae ) di Desa Karang Intan Kabupaten Banjar, Kalimantan Selatan
Authors: Mardiana Helin , Kadarsah Anang , Agusliani Erma
Published: November 2022

This study aims to analyze the density and distribution of the taro plant and to obtain information about the knowledge of the local population on the cultivation technique of taro (Colocasia esculenta L. Shoot) in Karang Intan Village, Banjar Regency, South Kalimantan. Taro cultivators was carried out by interview method with 10% of respondents. The interview were made a comparison percentage and discussed descriptively. The results showed that the taro cultivators are dominated by women (56.25%) and the rest 43.75% are men. Respondents majority were from the age group 41-50 years (43.75%) and the lowest (12.5%) was from the age group 21-30 and 31-40 years. Farmers are the most occupied livelihood (75%) and the rest are fish farmers (25%). Taro cultivators in Karang Intan Village still apply simple cultivation techniques and local wisdom that are hereditary.
Dual Variational Formulations for a Large Class of Non-Convex Models in the Calculus of Variations
Authors: Botelho Fabio
Published: November 2022

This article develops dual variational formulations for a large class of models in variational optimization. The results are established through basic tools of functional analysis, convex analysis and duality theory. The main duality principle is developed as an application to a Ginzburg-Landau type system in superconductivity in the absence of a magnetic field. In the first part final sections, we develop new general dual convex variational formulations, more specifically, dual formulations with a large region of convexity around the critical points which are suitable for the non-convex optimization for a large class of models in physics and engineering. Finally, in the last section we present some numerical results concerning the generalized method of lines applied to a Ginzburg-Landau type equation.
DFT-Assisted Low-Dimensional Carbon-based Electrocatalysts Design and Mechanism Study: A Review
Authors: Yan Xuecheng , Han Yun , Xu Hongzhe , Li Qin , Du Aijun
Published: November 2022

Low-dimensional carbon-based (LDC) materials have attracted extensive research attentions in electrocatalysis because of their unique advantages such as structural diversity, low cost, and chemical tolerance. They have been widely used in a broad range of electrochemical reactions to relief environmental pollution and energy crisis. Typical examples include hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), oxygen evolution reaction (OER), oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO2RR), and nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR). Traditional “trial and error” strategies seriously slowed down the rational design of electrocatalysts for these important applications. Recent studies show that the combination of density functional theory (DFT) calculations and experimental research is capable of accurately predicting the structures of electrocatalysts, thus could reveal the catalytic mechanisms. Herein, current well-recognized collaboration methods of theory and practice are reviewed. The history of modern DFT, commonly used calculation methods, and basic functionals are briefly summarized. Special attention is paid to descriptors that are widely accepted as a bridge links the structure and activity, and the breakthroughs for high-volume accurate prediction of electrocatalysts. Importantly, correlating multiple descriptors are used to systematically describe the complicated interfacial electrocatalytic processes of LDC catalysts. In addition, machine learning and high-throughput simulations are crucial in assisting the discovery of new multiple descriptors and reaction mechanisms. This review will guide the further development of LDC electrocatalysts for extended applications from the aspect of DFT computations.
COVID-19 Pathology Sheds New Light on Balance between Neutrophil Proteases and Their Inhibitors
Authors: Radic Marko , Silva Vasuki Vindiya
Published: November 2022

Excessive neutrophil influx and activation in lungs during infections, such as manifest during the ongoing SARS CoV-2 pandemic, have brought neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and the con-comitant release of granule contents that damage surrounding tissues into sharp focus. Neutro-phil proteases, which are known to participate in NET release, also enable the binding of the viral spike protein to cellular receptors and assist in the spread of infection. Blood and tissue fluids normally also contain liver-derived protease inhibitors that balance the activity of proteases. In-terestingly, neutrophils themselves also express the protease inhibitor alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT), the product of the SERPINA-1 gene, and store it in neutrophil cytoplasmic granules. The absence of AAT or mutations in the SERPINA-1 gene promote lung remodeling and fibrosis in diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and increase the risk of allergic responses. Recent observations point to the fact that re-duced activity of AAT presents a major susceptibility factor for severe COVID-19. Here, we focus attention on the mechanism of neutrophil elastase (NE) in NET release and its inhibition by AAT as an additional factor that may determine the severity of COVID-19
The Direct Effect of Enriching the Gaseous Combustible with 23% Hydrogen in Condensing Boilers’ Operation
Authors: Calotă Răzvan , Antonescu Nicolae N. , Stănescu Dan-Paul , Năstase Ilinca
Published: November 2022

Following the international trend of using hydrogen as combustible in many industry branches, this paper investigates the impact of mixing methane gas with 23% hydrogen (G222) on condensing boilers’ operation. After modeling and testing several boilers with heat exchange surface different designs, the authors gathered enough information to introduce a new concept, namely High-Performance Condensing Boiler (HPCB). All the boilers that fit into this approach have the same operational parameters at nominal heat load, including the CO2 concentrations in flue gases. After testing a flattened pipes condensing boiler, a CO2 emission reduction coefficient of 1.1 was determined, when converting from methane gas to G222 as combustible. Thus, by inserting into the national grid a G222 mixture, an important reduction in greenhouse gases can be achieved. For a 28 kW condensing boiler the annual reduction in CO2 emissions averages 1.26 tons, value which was experimentally obtained and is consistent with the theoretical evaluation.
Estimating the Social Costs of Child Abuse in Residential Care for Children with Disabilities using the Japanese Survey on the Interactions of Adverse and Positive Childhood Experiences toward Adulthood
Authors: Nakane Naruhisa , Wada Ichiro
Published: November 2022

We sought to calculate the extra social costs resulting from child abuse in residential care facilities (RCFs) for children with disabilities (CWD) in Japan. We distributed a survey to 260 residential facilities for CWD in 2020 and obtained responses from 91 facilities. Among the children admitted to these facilities, 23–67% were affected by child abuse. We estimated the extra costs to be an average of USD 647.7 million. This study is meaningful in that there are no existing official statistics or research findings on the extra costs of residential care due to child abuse in Japan.
El espacio turístico, la frontera sociocultural de La Paz, Baja California Sur
Authors: Morgan Tonatiuh
Published: November 2022

La Paz, Baja California Sur vive una nueva fase urbana, a través de una intervención urbana se integran sitios de carácter histórico y cultural para generar una oferta turística, situación que pone a la ciudad dentro del discurso de la Organización Mundial del Turismo (UNWTO). Así, La Paz, B.C.S., se torna en un producto de consumo que forma parte del mercado turístico global. Esta reconfiguración urbana muestra la matriz simbólico-narrativa del imaginario turístico, un espacio fronterizo. Donde se genera un encuentro ante nuevas territorialidades, lugares, personas, objetos y experiencias. La otredad fronteriza asigna un significado sociocultural que influye en la percepción y la construcción de nuevas identidades y comunidades. Constituye, sobre todo, una forma de pensamiento e imaginación que, a través de iconografías, ideologías, significantes y retóricas, comunica una dimensión humana.
Presentación: Después de George Steiner (1929-2019)
Authors: Hernández Márquez Víctor
Published: November 2022

10.20983/cuadfront.2021.51.10
Steiner en los jardines de Babel
Authors: Gasson Esteban A.
Published: November 2022

La extensa obra de George Steiner, que incluye tanto crítica literaria, como ficción y reflexión filosófica, está asentada en una inmensa cultura políglota, ya que sus lecturas abarcan muchas de las lenguas contemporáneas y de las clásicas.
Un cuento de George Steiner
Authors: Orozco Víctor
Published: November 2022

George Steiner fue reconocido como uno de los mayores intelectos de las últimas décadas. Ensayista, crítico literario, filósofo, lingüista, políglota, dejó muy pocos campos del saber sin cultivar.
Trascendencia de la tutoría en las instituciones de educación superior
Authors: Beltrán Bejarano Raquel Madai
Published: November 2022

Las tutorías son parte imprescindible de las instituciones de educación superior. A través del presente análisis histórico de la conceptualización de la tutoría, se pretende dar a conocer la modificación que, por mínima que parezca, busca responder a las necesidades de las instituciones, con la finalidad de contrarrestar la deserción escolar, el rezago educativo y elevar la eficiencia terminal, con apoyo, orientación y guía a cada estudiante durante su trayectoria académica.
Habitación contigua: Telón de Arena desde plateas
Authors: Urani Montiel Carlos
Published: November 2022

Para celebrar su 15º aniversario, en 2017, Telón de Arena se planteó la realización de un recuento, un rescate de archivo sobre sus más de 50 producciones, un acopio de voces cómplices y teatristas. El libro Habitación de la escena, editado por Servando Pineda Jaimes y Guadalupe de la Mora, es el fruto de aquella iniciativa. La publicación de gran formato salió a la luz, tras un largo periplo editorial, a finales de 2020, gracias al Programa Eká Nawéame de Estímulos Fiscales para la Cultura y las Artes de Chihuahua.
Vacunación covid-19 en México
Authors: Camarillo Iskra
Published: November 2022

Actualmente, estamos viviendo un periodo crucial en la historia de la humanidad. En los tiempos recientes, ningún fenómeno, evento o enfermedad había impactado tanto a la humanidad. Desde el 11 de marzo de 2020 hasta la fecha, todo individuo en el planeta se ha visto afectado, de una u otra forma, por la pandemia del SARS-CoV-2.
La vacunación en el mundo
Authors: Hernández Márquez Víctor
Published: November 2022

La pandemia provocada por el virus SARS-CoV-2 es un problema mundial, pero con una respuesta muy limitada desde los distintos Estados nación. La Organización Mundial de la Salud refleja incapacidad para organizar y llevar a cabo una reacción adecuada de orden mundial acorde a la magnitud del problema.
LOS AGENTES INESPERADOS DE LA RECUPERACIÓN: COLECTIVOS URBANOS Y ESPACIOS PÚBLICOS EN SAN JOSÉ, COSTA RICA (2000-2020)
Authors: Mora Obando Tommy , Durán Segura Luis
Published: November 2022

El artículo profundiza en las condiciones que provocan la aparición de políticas de recuperación de San José, capital de Costa Rica y, especialmente, en las soluciones que estas proponen para el “rescate” del espacio público. En este mismo contexto, se ahonda en la consolidación de los llamados “colectivos urbanos”, grupos que buscan posicionar el centro de la ciudad como lugar para la convivencia, la recreación y el consumo cultural. Desde un enfoque interdisciplinar se revisan documentos escritos y audiovisuales provenientes de programas y proyectos instituciones, medios de comunicación digitales e impresos y publicaciones de redes sociales. También, se realizan entrevistas a profundidad a diversas personas involucradas en la gestión urbana. A partir de esto, se identifica la existencia de unas sensibilidades compartidas entre las políticas de recuperación y los colectivos urbanos en cuanto al espacio público. Estas sensibilidades, con el tiempo, se han vuelto más evidentes y han logrado consolidar una visión particular de la San José del siglo XXI.
K-Popers and ARMY BTS: An uprising subculture community in Indonesia
Authors: Cheriyah Yayah , Hadi Amanda Rochima
Published: November 2022

This article investigated the fans’ identity among ARMY BTS Indonesia, the fandom name for BTS fans. The study aimed to explore factors driving K-Pop fanaticism in Indonesia in general and how it affected their dynamics within the society. Using a quantitative method through online surveys based on the fans-identity scale approach, the research surveyed a total of 243 fans in Indonesia using a network sampling approach. Results showed that fans were considerably proud to be recognized as BTS fans. In terms of the drives of their fanaticism, three main factors played into the role namely: the enjoyment feelings surged when listening to BTS music, the emotional connection toward BTS, and the social connection. These three factors were well correlated, reflecting the same construct. The latter incorporated the fans’ fascination toward idols’ works and their need to actively participate in online platforms. Fans’ participation in online platforms not only catered for their need to socialize with fans alike and showcase their adoration toward their idols but also being able to proudly show their identity as loyal fans.
Factores asociados a resistencia a la primera línea de tratamiento de tuberculosis en pacientes con Diabetes Mellitus de un hospital peruano
Authors:   , Barboza Panaifo Sergio Enrique , Erazo Caceres Italo Andre
Published: November 2022

Objetivos del estudio: Describir los factores asociados a resistencia a la primera línea de tratamiento de tuberculosis pulmonar (TBC-P) en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) del Hospital María Auxiliadora. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio transversal de la data del consultorio de Endocrinología-TBC del Hospital María Auxiliadora. Se incluyeron pacientes con examen de sensibilidad realizado en el Instituto Nacional de Salud y con antecedente de diabetes o debut al diagnóstico de TBC. Agrupamos a los pacientes según multidrogoresistencia (MDR), definida como resistencia a isoniacida y rifampicina. Calculamos la prevalencia general de MDR y según las características clínicas calculamos las razones de prevalencia de algunos factores demográficos y clínicos mediante un análisis multivariado por regresión de Poisson. Resultados: Se incluyeron a 144 pacientes, de los cuales 54% eran varones. Un 81% presentaron TBC-P previa, un 87% inadecuado control glicémico (HbA1c ≥7%) y un 53% un tiempo de diabetes menor a 5 años. La prevalencia de TBC-P con MDR fue de 24% (IC95% 17.6 – 32.1). La prevalencia de MDR fue similar para ambos sexos, así como para las categorías edad, antecedente de tuberculosis y control glicémico por hemoglobina glicosilada. Conclusión: Uno de cada cuatro sujetos con diabetes mellitus y tuberculosis pulmonar del hospital María Auxiliadora presentó MDR. No se identificaron factores asociadas a MDR en la muestra evaluada.
Funcionamiento familiar y phubbing en estudiantes de secundaria de Lima Metropolitana en tiempos del COVID-19
Authors:   , Campos Garcia Fany
Published: November 2022

El objetivo del presente estudio es “analizar el vínculo que hay entre el funcionamiento familiar y phubbing en estudiantes de secundaria de Lima Metropolitana en tiempos del Covid 19”. Para tal fin se ha utilizado una metodología cuantitativa de tipo básica y de diseño correlacional, no experimental, de corte trasversal con un muestreo no probabilístico, intensional en 656 alumnos de educación secundaria de ambos sexos a los que se les aplicó el cuestionario de funcionamiento familiar FF.SL de Cuestas Ortega, Dolores y Diaz Retureta Caridad en Cuba el año de 1999 y el test de Phubbing creado por Cumpa Prado y Luis Roberto el 2017. Los resultados arrojaron M= 51.26 / DS= 12.148 de Phubbing y M= 46.77 / DS= 13.35 de funcionamiento familiar. Según la correlación de rho de Spearman (r= -.037 / p=.344) entre las variables de estudio no existe correlación y se acoge la hipótesis nula. En cuanto al análisis de la variable funcionamiento familiar con las dimensiones de Phubbing se encuentra correlación significativa con la dependencia (r= .201 / p=.000), relaciones interpersonales (r= -.138 / p=.000) y Ansiedad – Insomnio (r= -.079 / p=.044). Finalmente, se concluye que el funcionamiento familiar no estaría asociado al phubbing, sin embargo, con el análisis de los valores de las dimensiones, se evidencia que los estudiantes con niveles superiores al funcionamiento familiar revelaron baja incidencia de dependencia emocional y mayor capacidad para manejar la ansiedad – insomnio.
Caracterización del manejo agronómico de las variedades de quinua para la elaboración de quinua pop en Arequipa
Authors:   , Ramos Quispe Angie Ruby
Published: November 2022

A nivel mundial, Perú es el primer país en producción y exportación de quinua, lo que la vuelve en un cultivo de importancia económica del país. El objetivo de la investigación fue caracterizar el manejo agronómico del cultivo de quinua utilizada para la elaboración de quinua pop en la región de Arequipa, considerando las variables siembra, manejo de plagas y enfermedades, insumos, labores culturales, cosecha, manejo poscosecha, costo de producción y rendimiento de las variedades más producidas de quinua. Para ello, se realizó una investigación descriptivo transversal retrospectiva mediante muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia, aplicando la técnica de encuesta a un total de 23 productores en las provincias de Arequipa y Caylloma, las de mayor producción de quinua en el departamento de Arequipa. Los resultados demostraron que la variedad más producida es Salcedo INIA, seguida de 415 INIA Pasankalla, sembrando de manera manual en un área de 1 a 3 ha y utilizando de 6 a 16 kg/ha de semilla certificada. Durante toda la etapa productiva, los agricultores realizaron el control de malezas, encontrándose esta práctica asociada al control de plagas. El mildiu se presenta como principal problema fitosanitario, siendo controlado mediante la aplicación de cobre. Los insumos más utilizados por los productores son los fertilizantes simples y el estiércol. Por otra parte, la cosecha la realizan de manera manual-mecánica; y en el manejo poscosecha, los agricultores secan el grano y los separan por tamaño, para finalmente ser almacenados en sacos de polipropileno. Respecto a los costos de producción, estos varían entre S/.5000.00/ha y S/.18000.00/ha, y los rendimientos varían entre 1 y 6t/ha, obteniendo mayormente rendimientos de 1 a 1.9 t/ha.
Optimización del proceso de compostaje con la pulpa de café en el anexo Unión Pucusani (Chanchamayo - Junín)
Authors:   , Bustinza Damiano Rocio Bertha
Published: November 2022

La pulpa de café es el principal residuo poscosecha del cultivo de café que, al no tener un adecuado manejo, se convierte en un contaminante que afecta al suelo, al agua y al aire. Es por ello que esta investigación tiene por objetivo optimizar el proceso de compostaje a partir de pulpa de café en el anexo Unión Pucusani, para brindar información a los agricultores de la zona sobre un manejo y aprovechamiento adecuado de sus residuos poscosecha. El ensayo experimental constó de 6 tratamientos con tres repeticiones y fueron los siguientes: T0 (pulpa), el T1 (pulpa + ceniza), el T2 (pulpa + ceniza + estiércol de cuy), el T3 (pulpa + ceniza + estiércol de cuy + inóculo de microorganismos de montaña), el T4 (pulpa + estiércol de cuy) y el T5 (pulpa + inóculo de microorganismos de montaña). Cada pila de compost fue de 2 m2 y fueron instaladas en el fundo “El Inka” donde se monitorearon semanalmente el pH y la temperatura. Finalizado los 3 meses de compostaje, se analizaron los parámetros de pH, conductividad eléctrica (CE), Materia Orgánica (MO), N, K2O, P2O4, CaO y MgO y se compararon con la Nch2880.Of2004 Compost – Clasificación y requisitos. Se evidenció que la combinación de ceniza con estiércol de cuy incrementó el CaO y el MgO, que a su vez elevan el pH y la CE, mientras que solo la adición de estiércol de cuy incrementó los niveles de MO, N, K2O y MgO.
Hydrothermal pretreatment of dewatered sewage sludge: Effects of process conditions on carbon and phosphorus fate and methane production
Authors: Gong Lei , Zhou Jun , Jia Qinwei , Ma Xiaofan , Zhao Yuhang , Zhang Haonan , Wang Luyu
Published: November 2022

The effect of hydrothermal pretreatment (HTP) of dewatered sewage sludge (DSS) under optimized hydrothermal conditions and the fate of carbon and phosphorus (P) during anaerobic digestion (AD) of hydrochar and process water were studied. The results showed that the methane yield reached 241 mL CH4/g COD when the hydrothermal conditions were 200°C-2 h-10% (A4), which was 78.28% higher than that without hydrothermal pretreatment (A0) and 29.62% higher than that of unoptimized A1 (140°C-1 h-5%). Protein, polysaccharides, and volatile fatty acids (VFAs) were the main hydrothermal products of DSS, and polysaccharides were first absorbed and utilized by microorganisms. By 3D-EEM analysis, tyrosine, tryptophan proteins, and fulvic acids decreased after HTP, but the content of humic acid-like substances increased, and this phenomenon was more obvious after AD. A lag phase in protein degradation occurred during AD while polysaccharides are degraded first. The solid-organic P is converted into liquid-P in the hydrothermal process, and non-apatite inorganic P is converted to organic P during AD. A lower methane production rate occurred in the early AD, suggesting that the inoculum needed some time to adapt to the substrate. Microbial analysis showed that the composition of the microbial community of anaerobic degradation was different due to the various organic components.
Efficient and secure computation of edit distance on genomic data
Authors: Migliore Andrea , Cimato Stelvio , Trucco Gabriella
Published: November 2022

Background: Genetic information are the most sensitive data for a person and must be protected from malicious attacks. In this paper we focus on the application of secure multi-party computation, a subfield of cryptography, to the computation of edit distance, one of the most used metrics among genetic similarity indicators, useful for the diagnosis and treatment of many genetically based diseases.
Results: We analyze four algorithms and compare them to the best prior results found in literature [1]:(1) the Wagner-Fischer algorithm [2], using the entire dynamic programming matrix; (2) the Wagner-Fischeralgorithm, optimized to use only the minimum needed columns for the computation; (3) the Ukkonen algorithm [3], considering a threshold of approximately 60% of the longest string; (4) the Ukkonen algorithm,using a generalized cut-off technique which reduces the number of cells to be computed. The Ukkonen algorithm with generalized cut-off is the one that performed better among the considered algorithms and it also proved to have better performances than the best prior results found in literature.
Conclusions: Securely computing the edit distance between human genomes have become very important in medical and public health domains. Improving computational performance is a key factor for real-world application scenarios.
In this work, we proposed several secure implementations of some of the most efficient edit distance algorithms, achieving better performances over existing protocols found in literature [4]. Moreover, this is the first time the Ukkonen's algorithm is proposed using all possible state-of-the-art optimizations for garbled circuits. The algorithms and protocols used in this work were also applied on both random, high-entropy, and real genomic, low-entropy strings and are provably secure with respect to the standard definition of security for Multi-Party Computation (MPC) protocols.
Does Cd possess the stimulatory effect on gas exchange and photochemistry in C3-CAM intermediate plants?
Authors: Kaczmarczyk Adriana , Nosek Michał , Kaszycki Paweł , Supel Paulina , Miszalski Zbigniew
Published: November 2022

The soil-grown semi-halophytic CAM (crassulacean acid metabolism) facultative model plant - Mesembryanthemum crystallinum L. (common ice plant) exhibits minute toxicity symptoms when exposed to elevated cadmium doses. In this study, photochemical activity as well as gas exchange of the soil-grown C3-CAM- performing plants to increased cadmium concentrations (0.01-10.0 mM) were investigated. An increase of net photosynthesis (PN) observed in C3- performing plants upon exposure to Cd runs in parallel with the rise of transpiration level. As the transpiration process tends to be elevated also in darkness, it gives rise to the suggestion that the first effect of Cd presence is stimulation of stomata aperture. Also, photochemical activity is well-secured in Cd-treated plants, which implies the involvement of additional mechanisms triggered to protect M. crystallinum against Cd toxicity.
A 300mV Body-biased Silicon Neuron Circuit with High Robustness against Firing Frequency Variation
Authors: Quan Jiale
Published: November 2022

This paper presents a body-biased silicon neuron circuit which is capable of operating at ultra-low-voltage supplies and achieves a stable firing frequency. The proposed neuron employs body-biased method to increase charging current into the membrane capacitors for compensating the extra leakage current in the subthreshold region. A second-order low-pass filter, using the property of energy storage in capacitors, is used to reset the membrane potential and implement firing frequency adaption mechanism. Body-biased transistors are as well employed as voltage-controlled resistors to control the current flowing through the membrane capacitance. The circuit is capable of obtaining precise firing frequencies by biasing the body voltages of critical PMOS transistors, which make the circuit usable for frequency coding Spiking Neural Network (SNN). The designed neuron is implemented in 55nm bulk CMOS technology with an area of 400 µm2 that consumes about 639fJ@1kHz. We present circuit post-layout simulation results and demonstrate the circuit’s ability to produce biologically plausible neural dynamics with compact designs, and compare the energy consumption and stability with published state-of-the-art neuron circuits. Finally, the proposed circuit is proved to maintain a good robustness over process variation and Monte Carlo analysis with relative error 2.43% in firing rate of approximate 145Hz.
Vitreoretinal Amyloidosis:
Clinical Features, OCT/A Insights, Gene Mutations, and Outcomes of Pars Plana Vitrectomy Surgery
Authors: Zhou Nan , Yang Li , Xu Xiaolin , Wei Wen-Bin , Liu Yueming
Published: November 2022

Purpose: To describe the OCT/A findings, surgical findings and outcomes of vitrectomy among 8 eyes of 4 patients with vitreoretinal amyloidosis.
Participants: Eight eyes of 4 Asian patients with a diagnosis of vitreoretinal amyloidosis from Jan 10, 2008, to Sep 10, 2021.
Methods: Detailed history-taking, ocular and systemic examinations and genetic analysis of transthyretin mutation were performed. Vitreous biopsy, followed by 23- to 25-G pars plana vitrectomy was performed in all patients, and followed up on days 1, 7, and 30 and then, every 3 months.
Results: The mean age at presentation was 45 years, with a 1:1 female-to-male distribution. The median follow-up was 85.3 (2-150) months. The OCT/A features of the vertical hyperreflective lesions appeared as punctate with moderate or high reflectivity, affecting all layers of the neuroretina in 7 eyes of 4 patients (7 of 8 eyes [87.5%]), and subtle needle-shaped patterns in 6 of 8 eyes (75%). Cotton-wool or waxy vitreous with firm vitreous adhesions beyond the major arcades and along the secondary retinal vessels was observed during vitrectomy in all eyes. The preoperative best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was ≤ 20/200 in 4 eyes (50%), whereas the postoperative BCVA improved to 20/100 to 20/25 in all eyes (100%). No patients subsequently were observed to develop systemic amyloidosis or dysfunction during follow-up examinations.
Conclusions: The clinical clues, OCT/A features, surgical strategy, and vitrectomy outcomes in vitreoretinal amyloidosis were highlighted. We propose the term vitreoretinal amyloidosis instead of vitreous amyloidosis mainly based on the OCT/A features in this report.
Stress deficits in reward behaviour are associated with and replicated by dysregulated amygdala-nucleus accumbens pathway function
Authors: Madur Lorraine , Ineichen Christian , Bergamini Girogio , Greter Alexandra , Poggi Giulia , Cuomo-Haymour Nagiua , Sigrist Hannes , Sych Yaroslav , Paterna Jean-Charles , Bornemann Klaus , Violett Coralie , Fernandez-Albert Francesc , Alanis-Lobato Gregorio , Hengerer Bastian , Pryce Christopher
Published: November 2022

Reduced reward interest/learning and reward-to-effort valuation are distinct, common symptoms in neuropsychiatric disorders for which chronic stress is a major aetiological factor. Glutamate neurons in basal amygdala (BA) project to various regions including nucleus accumbens (NAc). The BA-NAc neural pathway is activated by reward and aversion, with many neurons being monovalent. In adult male mice, chronic social stress (CSS) led to both reduced discriminative reward learning (DRL) associated with decreased BA-NAc activity, and reduced reward-to-effort valuation (REV) associated, in contrast, with increased BA-NAc activity. Chronic tetanus toxin BA-NAc inhibition replicated the CSS-DRL effect and caused a mild REV reduction, whilst chronic DREADDs BA-NAc activation replicated the CSS effect on REV without affecting DRL. This study provides novel evidence that stress disruption of reward processing involves the BA-NAc neural pathway; the bi-directional effects implicate opposite activity changes in reward (learning) neurons and aversion (effort) neurons in the BA-NAc pathway following chronic stress.
Is PICC or port better for patients with malignant bone and soft tissue tumors of the lower limbs? A retrospective study
Authors: Shan Jing , Lv Sumei , Li Haihong , Wang Donglai , Zhang Xiaoyu , Liu Wei
Published: November 2022

Purpose: To compare the effects of peripherally inserted central catheters (PICC) and totally implantable venous access devices (port) in terms of complications and shoulder function in patients with malignant bone and soft tissue tumors of the lower limbs.
Patients and methods: We analyzed 65 cases of port and 65 cases of PICC at the orthopedic department of the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University. The two groups were compared in terms of catheter indwelling time, catheter-related complications, Constant-Murley shoulder function score, and displacement of the position of the catheter end on the catheterization side.
Results: Compared to the PICC group, at six months after catheterization the port group showed better outcomes for catheter indwelling time, catheter-related complications, and Constant-Murley score for the catheterization-side shoulder joint (p < 0.05). The port group also showed less displacement of the catheter end position after 180° abduction of the catheterization-side shoulder joint (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: Compared with PICC, port can prolong catheter indwelling time, reduce catheter-related complications, and maintain shoulder joint function, which makes it an ideal venous-access approach when providing chemotherapy to patients with malignant bone and soft tissue tumors of the lower limbs.
Push out bond strength of hydraulic cements used at different thicknesses
Authors: Celia Ruiz Durán , Lucía Gancedo- Caravia , Vicente Vera González , Cristina González - Losada
Published: November 2022

Background: BD is a reliable hydraulic cement for those clinical situations where thick cavities need to be filled and displacement resistance plays an important role. Clinicians need to consider choosing specific hydraulic cements according to the thickness of material that needs to be used.
Methods:
The aim of this study was to compare the pushout bond strength (POBS) of three hydraulic cements Biodentine (BD), Totalfill Root Repair paste (TF) and ProRoot MTA White (PMTA), when used at thicknesses of 3 and 5 mm.
78 root slices 3 and 5 mm thick were obtained from human extracted teeth. Cylindrical cavities of 1.4 mm diameter were drilled on them and then filled with BD, TF or PMTA. Pushout tests were performed after 21 days of setting. POBS data were analyzed with robust Welch and Brown-Forsythe and Tamhane's post hoc tests. A Weibull analysis was also performed.
Results: In the 3-mm group, TF showed significantly lower bond strength than BD and PMTA. In the 5-mm groups BD showed significantly higher bond strength than TF. For TF and BD, increasing the thickness of the sample increased the bond strength, but not for PMTA group.
Conclusions: TF and BD achieve higher pushout bond strength resistance when used at a thickness of 5mm than at 3mm while the mean resistance of PMTA is less influenced by the thickness. At 5mm, BD and PMTA exhibit similar resistance to displacement. However, the behavior of BD is more predictable than that of its predecessor.
Patients with Increased Levels of Fusobacterium Tumoral Abundance are Associated with Better Outcomes in Mucinous Colorectal Cancer.
Authors: Duggan William P , Salvucci Manuela , Kisakol Batuhan , Lindner Andreas U , Reynolds Ian S , Dussmann Heiko , Fay Joanna , O'Grady Tony , Longley Daniel B , Ginty Fiona , McDonough Elizabeth , Slade Daniel J , Burke John P , Prehn Jochen H M
Published: November 2022

There is currently an urgent need to identify factors predictive of immunogenicity in colorectal cancer (CRC). Mucinous CRC is a distinct histological subtype of CRC, associated with a poor response to chemotherapy. Recent evidence suggests the commensal facultative anaerobe Fusobacterium may be especially prevalent in mucinous CRC. The objectives of this study were to assess the impact of Fusobacterium prevalence on immune cell expression and prognosis in mucinous CRC. Our study included two independent colorectal cancer patient cohorts, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohort, and a cohort of rectal cancers from the Beaumont RCSI Cancer Centre (BRCC). Multiplexed immunofluorescence staining of a tumor microarray (TMA) from the BRCC cohort was undertaken using Cell DIVE technology. Our cohorts included 87 cases (13.3%) of mucinous and 565 cases (86.7%) of non-mucinous CRC. Mucinous CRC in the TCGA dataset was associated with increased CD8 + lymphocyte (p = 0.018), regulatory T-cell (p = 0.001) and M2 macrophage (p = 0.001) expression. Similarly in the BRCC cohort, mucinous RC was associated with enhanced CD8 + lymphocyte (p = 0.022), regulatory T-cell (p = 0.047), and B-cell (p = 0.025) counts. Elevated Fusobacterium expression was associated with increased CD4+ (p = 0.031) and M1 macrophage (p = 0.006) expression, whilst M2 macrophages (p = 0.043) were under-expressed in the TCGA cohort. Increased Fusobacterium relative abundance in mucinous CRC was associated with improved clinical outcomes in our TCGA cohort despite having no association with MSI status (DSS: likelihood ratio p = 0.04, logrank p = 0.052). Fusobacterium abundance is associated with improved outcomes in mucinous CRC, possibly due its modulatory effect on the host immune response.
The relationship between the NLR and PLR and the severity of coronary calcium scoreusing multi-slice CT angiography
Authors: Vahid Eslami , Dorsa Shirini , Ghazal Sanadgol , Shima Daghighi , Masih Mansouri Tehrani Mohammad , Taraneh Faghihi Langroudi
Published: November 2022

Atherosclerotic diseases are one of the most common types of cardiovascular conditions which impose a heavy burden on patients’ lives. Recent studies have proved the role of inflammation and inflammatory factors in the progression of this condition. Finding a relationship between inflammatory factors and coronary calcium score (CCS), calculated by CT-angiography, may benefit affected patients. In this study, we recruited 100 patients referred to our ward to rule out coronary artery occlusion by CT-angiography. All demographic and laboratory data were collected before the CT scan. Then the coronary arteries’ total and singular calcium scores were calculated using the Angaston method. We divided our patients based on their total coronary artery calcium score. The neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) was pointily higher in the severe CAC group, 7.70 (± 0.60), and got lower with the decrease in the severity degree of CAC. The trend for CRP was the same and got notably raised by the severity of the CAC. Analysis revealed a significant correlation between the upward trend of NLR and total calcium score (r:0.582, P-value: <0.001) in patients. The ROC curve revealed the NLR of 2.45 with a sensitivity of 81% and a specificity of 80% could successfully predict the presence of total calcium scores above 100 in our patients. The study’s results showed a significant relationship between NLR and CRP as inflammatory factors and the severity of total CCS. Moreover, it proved that total CCS and diabetes and cigarette smoking have a significant relationship as an incidental finding.
A look at the blind Kumamoto experiment combining active and passive seismic observations to avoid Rayleigh-wave modes mis-identification
Authors: Mercerat E. Diego , Mikesell T. Dylan
Published: November 2022

We present our pathway through participation in the blind Kumamoto exercise, particularly the Step~1 of site characterization. As a first stage, the combination of passive and active seismic imaging techniques are used to image the velocity profile beneath the KUMA site. The estimation of a broadband Rayleigh wave dispersion curve is based on crosscorrelations of ambient seismic noise and analysis of active seismic shot gathers. We calculate correlations from the entire time series (only vertical components) of each seismic array after classical pre-processing of ambient noise data (mean and trend removal, tapering and bandpass Butterworth filter between 0.05-20 Hz, whitenning, and one-bit signal binarisation). Then a passive seismic section is constructed using all available stations pairs and stacking the crosscorrelation traces with similar interstation distances. The obtained passive seismic section is analyzed using a high-resolution Radon transform in order to obtain the dispersion image of Rayleigh waves traveling through the array. Manual picking of the dispersion curve is done for each dispersion image from KUM-LL, KUM-M and KUM-SM arrays. Then, the information is merged and interpolated to obtain a final broadband dispersion curve. Additionally, active source seismic data is used with the high-resolution Radon technique to constrain the model at shallow depths ($<$~30~m). In this way, a broadband dispersion image is constructed with significant energy from 0.9~Hz to 45~Hz. The final dispersion curve is inverted using the non-linear neighborhood algorithm. Using just the fundamental mode Rayleigh wave, a first model with normal velocity variation in depth is obtained that corresponds quite well with the preferred model provided by the organizing committee. The addition of a mHVSR curve in a joint inversion better constrains the deeper part of the model ($>$~1~km). After comparison of the submitted dispersion curve to the theoretical dispersion curves for the preferred model, the authors note that there was a clear mis-interpretation in the fundamental mode of their submitted results, especially at frequencies higher than 5 Hz. Using both fundamental (only visible in the passive dataset) and first overtones of Rayleigh waves (only visible in the active seismic dataset) a refined velocity model near the shallow subsurface could have been be inferred, but we decided to keep our first submitted results. This detailed interpretation should be further studied as dispersion images from forward and backward hammer shots are quite different, which may indicate strong variations in the geometry and/or shear-wave velocities of the first meters of the subsurface.