bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A novel temperature-responsive electrochemical sensing platform for reversible switch-sensitive detection of acetamidophenol
Authors: Chen Chao , Wang Chenxi , Zhao Pengcheng , Zhang Jin , Hu Yongjun , Fei Junjie
Published: October 2022

A novel facile, quick, and temperature-controlled sensor was constructed based on a polystyrene-poly-N,N-diethyl acrylamide-polystyrene (PS-PDEAM)/carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) composite modified glass carbon electrode.
Ten years of Biomaterials Science
Authors: Cheng Jianjun , Southall Maria E.
Published: October 2022

An editorial from Jianjun Cheng and Maria Southall on the celebration of the journal's 10th anniversary.
Synthesis and characterisation of an integratively self-sorted [Fe4L6]8+ tetrahedron
Authors: Taylor Lauren L. K. , Andrews Rebecca , Sung April C. Y. , Vitorica-Yrezabal Iñigo J. , Riddell Imogen A.
Published: October 2022

Exclusive formation of an integratively sorted tetrahedral complex enables incorporating a unique vertex.
Tunable cyano substituents in D–A conjugated polymers accessed via direct arylation for photocatalytic hydrogen production
Authors: Ye Dong-Nai , Zhang Yu-Jie , Tan Zhi-Rong , Xing Yu-Qin , Chen Zhengwang , Qiu Jia-Bin , Liu Shi-Yong
Published: October 2022

A library of STP-based CP photocatalysts with –CN groups at varied positions were designed and facilely synthesized by an atom- and step-economic one-component direct arylation polymerization for a structure–property–performance correlation study.
Dinuclear osmium complexes as mitochondrion-targeting antitumor photothermal agentsin vivo
Authors: Wang Meng-Fan , Deng Yu-Ang , Li Qing-Fang , Tang Shi-Jie , Yang Rong , Zhao Run-Yu , Liu Fu-Dan , Ren Xiaoxia , Zhang Dan , Gao Feng
Published: October 2022

Mitochondrion-targeting dinuclear osmium complexes with extremely high photothermal conversion capability under irradiation of an 808 nm low-power laser without nucleus affinity and photodynamic activity act as antitumor photothermal therapy agentsin vivo.
Growth of p-type 4H-SiC single crystals by physical vapor transport using p-type SiC powder
Authors: Zhong Guanglei , Xie Xuejian , Wang Desheng , Wang Xinglong , Sun Li , Yang Xianglong , Peng Yan , Chen Xiufang , Hu Xiaobo , Xu Xiangang
Published: October 2022

In this study, a novel Al doping method was used to grow p-type SiC. p-Type 4H-SiC crystals were grown by a physical vapor transport (PVT) method using p-type SiC powder.
Energy framework and solubility: a new predictive model in the evaluation of the structure–property relationship of pharmaceutical solid forms
Authors: Freitas Jennifer T. J. , Diniz Luan F. , Gomes Daniele S. , de Paula Pedro M. A. F. , de Castro Sérgio H. A. , Martins Larissa S. , Silva Daniely F. , Horta Ana L. M. , Guimarães Felipe A. S. , Calisto Victória F. M. , Diniz Renata
Published: October 2022

Crystal structures with lower interaction energy tend to present higher aqueous solubility.
Improvements in scintillation performance of Tl2LaCl5:5%Ce single crystals via Sr2+, Ba2+ and Ca2+ co-doping
Authors: Khan Arshad , Quoc Vuong Phan , D Joseph Daniel , Kim H. J. , Rooh Gul , Luan Nguyen Thanh
Published: October 2022

High detection efficiency for X- and γ-rays, fast neutron detection capability, and other excellent scintillation performances of Tl2LaCl5 (TLC) make it a potential radiation detector for applications in various industrial and research field.
Enhance luminescence or change morphology: effect of the doping method on Cu2+-doped CsPbBr3 perovskite nanocrystals
Authors: Li Meng , Xu Jingtao , Song Yang , Chen Feiyong
Published: October 2022

The effect of Cu2+ on CsPbBr3 nanocrystals is compared between the hot-injection method and postsynthetic cation-exchange reaction.
Lithium-ion diffusion in the grain boundary of polycrystalline solid electrolyte Li6.75La3Zr1.5Ta0.5O12 (LLZTO): a computer simulation and theoretical study
Authors: Cui Jiahao , Meng Lingchen , Jiang Shan , Wang Kangping , Qian Jingyu , Wang Xiyang
Published: October 2022

Our grain boundary model of solid electrolytes successfully predicts the Li-ion diffusion coefficient in polycrystalline materials, by throwing atoms at random in a virtual box. The slow movement in the grain boundaries is a primary restriction on the Li-ion transport.
Spontaneous mirror symmetry breaking in reaction–diffusion systems: ambivalent role of the achiral precursor
Authors: Gillet Jean , Rongy Laurence , De Decker Yannick
Published: October 2022

Reaction–diffusion simulations reveal that the achiral substrate concentration may play an ambivalent role in spontaneous mirror symmetry breaking.
Calculation of the permeability coefficients of small molecules through lipid bilayers by free-energy reaction network analysis following the explicit treatment of the internal conformation of the solute
Authors: Mitsuta Yuki , Asada Toshio , Shigeta Yasuteru
Published: October 2022

We propose a molecular dynamics simulation method for estimating the permeation through lipid bilayers based on the free-energy reaction network analysis, which include the conformational changes in the rotational bonds of the solute molecules.
Impact of the thermal properties of the environment on the hot-band absorption-assisted single-photon upconversion
Authors: Dimitriev Oleg , Slominskii Yuri
Published: October 2022

Anti-Stokes emission via hot-band absorption is oppositely affected by thermal conductivity and heat capacity of the medium, facilitating delivery of thermal energy to the dye emitter and mitigating high temperature gradient in its vicinity, respectively.
The electronic and optical properties of III–V binary 2D semiconductors: how to achieve high precision from accurate many-body methods
Authors: Kolos Miroslav , Karlický František
Published: October 2022

We tested the precision of accurate many-body GW and BSE methods on seven hexagonal 2D III–V binary semiconductors (BN, BP, BAs, AlN, GaN, GaP, and GaAs), and we provided benchmark electronic and optical properties.
Iridium tetrazolato complexes as efficient protein staining agents
Authors: Gao Ling , Chen Luyao , Peng Yu , Zhao Yibo , Dong Jianhua , Mao Ziwang , Jia Junli , Zhou Yuyang
Published: October 2022

Iridium tetrazolato complexes have been illustrated as one kind of efficient protein staining agent.
The explanation of abnormal thermal quenching of the charge transfer band based on thermally coupled levels and applications as temperature sensing probes
Authors: Wang Junbei , Zhou Xianju , Xiang Guotao , Jiang Sha , Li Li , Wang Yongjie , Li Yanhong , Jing Chuan , Yao Lu , Yang Hongmei , Huang Yanhao , Wang Feng
Published: October 2022

TATQ and EATQ abnormal thermal quenching phenomena are observed and explained. Sr based on abnormal thermal quenching of CTB is four times of that derived from TCLs in the same phosphor.
Bi0.33Zr2(PO4)3, a negative thermal expansion material with a Nasicon-type structure
Authors: Balaji Daneshwaran , Kumar Sathasivam Pratheep
Published: October 2022

A new negative thermal expansion ceramic material, Bi0.33Zr2(PO4)3, with a sodium zirconium phosphate structure, has been investigated and the results are presented.
Critical elements: opportunities for microfluidic processing and potential for ESG-powered mining investments
Authors: Le Tu Nguyen Quang , Tran Quy Don , Tran Nam Nghiep , Priest Craig , Skinner William , Goodsite Michael , Spandler Carl , Cook Nigel John , Hessel Volker
Published: October 2022

Critical minerals have an irreplaceable role in the ongoing revolution in technology and using microfluidic continuous-flow technology for processing these minerals has potential solutions and benefits towards the ESG mining issues.
A sustainable and profitable biorefinery strategy for efficiently converting lignocellulose to furfural, glucose and phenolic compounds
Authors: Liu Chao , Cai Tingting , Yin Xiaoyan , Liang Jie , Jia Shuya , Zhang Xiaolei , Xu Junming , Hu Jun , Jiang Jianchun , Wang Kui
Published: October 2022

The sustainability and profitability of biorefineries are based on efficient utilization of all components of lignocellulosic biomass.
High-performance blood plasma separation based on a Janus membrane technique and RBC agglutination reaction
Authors: Xu Bing , Zhang Juan , Pan Deng , Ni Jincheng , Yin Kun , Zhang Qilun , Ding Yinlong , Li Ang , Wu Dong , Shen Zuojun
Published: October 2022

A high-performance plasma separation technique is reported to separate plasma from whole blood (hematocrit level: 15–85%) with an ultra-high plasma yield (∼80%) and purity (99.99%) in ∼80 s.
High temporal resolution transparent thermoelectric temperature sensors for photothermal effect sensing
Authors: Lee Junhee , Hwang Seongkwon , Hong Nari , Kwak Jeonghun , Jang Jae Eun , Chung Seungjun , Kang Hongki
Published: October 2022

We propose a high-speed transparent temperature sensor based on the thermoelectric effect of an inkjet-printed conductive polymer for direct monitoring of the photothermal effect in biomedical applications.
High-contrast reversible multiple color-tunable solid luminescent ionic polymers for dynamic multilevel anti-counterfeiting
Authors: Ma Xiao , Zhou Mingyue , Jia Ling , Ling Guangkun , Li Jiashu , Huang Wei , Wu Dayu
Published: October 2022

Ionic polymers obtained by grafting charged AIE-active chromophores achieve rare high-contrast reversible multiple color-tunable emission in response to different solvent stimuli, possessing huge potential applications in dynamic anti-counterfeiting.
Quantitative high-throughput measurement of bulk mechanical properties using commonly available equipment
Authors: Griffith Justin E. , Chen Yusu , Liu Qingsong , Wang Qifeng , Richards Jeffrey J. , Tullman-Ercek Danielle , Shull Kenneth R. , Wang Muzhou
Published: October 2022

A quantitative, high-throughput, and colorimetric method is reported for characterizing the fracture stresses of bulk soft materials using common equipment. Throughput is on the order of 103 samples per run, with comparable accuracy to a rheometer.
Hemin-based cell therapy via nanoparticle-assisted uptake, intracellular reactive oxygen species generation and autophagy induction
Authors: Sarkar Abu Raihan , Pal Suman , Sarkar Ankan Kumar , Jana Nikhil R.
Published: October 2022

A hemin-based colloidal nanoparticle is designed that offers an iron-based Fenton reaction inside the cell and induces cellular autophagy via oxidative stress.
Ohmic heating-assisted regioselective sulfonation of aniline: synthesis of sulfanilic acid
Authors: Pereira Mickael R. R. C. , Ribeiro Alejandro F. G. , Silva Artur M. S. , Silva Vera L. M.
Published: October 2022

The sulfonation of aniline was made, for the first time, using an ohmic heating reactor to produce sulfanilic acid, a compound of great economic interest. High heating rate, low thermal inertia and high selectivity are key advantages of this process.
High-efficiency N-doped activated carbon-based defluoridation adsorbent prepared from itaconic acid fermentation waste liquid
Authors: Li Weining , Dai Renwei , Al-shiaani Nabil. H. A. , Li Jiakang , Sun Chengyu , Wang Kunyin , Chen Kun , Guo Aijun , Liu He
Published: October 2022

Excessive amounts of fluoride in water cause irreversible harm to people and seriously threaten human health.
Multiplexed printed sensors forin situmonitoring in bivalve aquaculture
Authors: Wu Shuo-En , Phongphaew Napasorn , Zhai Yichen , Yao Lulu , Hsu Hsun-Hao , Shiller Alan , Azoulay Jason D. , Ng Tse Nga
Published: October 2022

Non-intrusive sensors that can be attached to marine species offer opportunities to study the impacts of environmental changes on their behaviors and well-being.
Ultrasensitive lateral flow immunoassay for staphylococcal enterotoxin B using nanosized fluorescent metal–organic frameworks
Authors: Cai Xiaoli , Yu Jierui , Song Yang
Published: October 2022

We propose for the first time the use of a nanosized fluorescent metal–organic framework in lateral flow immunoassay for the detection of staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) as a model analyte.
Synthesis and application of mixed-spinel magnesioferrite: structural, vibrational, magnetic, and electrochemical sensing properties
Authors: Manjari Padhan Aneeta , Mary Rajaitha P. , Nayak Sanjib , Hajra Sugato , Sahu Manisha , Jagličić Zvonko , Koželj Primož , Kim Hoe Joon
Published: October 2022

This article presents an efficient non-enzymatic electrochemical sensor based on catalytic oxidation by the MgFe2O4 magnetic spinel for the sensitive determination of ascorbic acid.
Asymmetric Brønsted base-catalyzed aza-Michael addition and [3 + 2] cycloaddition reactions of N-ester acylhydrazones and enones
Authors: Zhu Bo , Sun Huili , Fan Huihui , Wang Mengqi , Guo Fangyuan , Zhai Yubing , Zhu Gongming , Chang Junbiao
Published: October 2022

We reported the first enantioselective Brønsted base-catalyzed aza-Michael addition and stepwise cascade [3+2] cycloaddition between acylhydrazones and unsaturated ketones. The enantio-enriched aza-Michael adducts can be transformed into 2-pyrazolines.
Core-shell structured Co3O4@PPy composite for electrochemical determination of terbutylhydroquinone
Authors: Zhang Yuxi , Wang Cunli , Zhao Yalin , Yu Zhe , Yang Fengchun , Zhang Xin
Published: October 2022

TBHQ is a significant synthetic antioxidant, but excessive use of TBHQ is harmful to human health.
Revisiting faculty members’ goals for the undergraduate chemistry laboratory
Authors: Connor Megan C. , Rocabado Guizella A. , Raker Jeffrey R.
Published: October 2022

Over a decade has passed since faculty members’ goals for the undergraduate chemistry instructional laboratory were first investigated on a large, national scale in the United States. This study revisits these goals, using data from a 2022 national survey of chemistry faculty members in the United States (n = 521) to investigate current objectives, including how those goals vary with course, institutional context, and receipt of funding for improving undergraduate chemistry courses. A modified version of the Faculty Goals for Undergraduate Chemistry Laboratory Instrument was used to measure goals, with psychometric evidence providing support for its use across the studied contexts, with the exception of the general chemistry laboratory. Goals were associated with course and receipt of funding but not institution type, both with regard to institutions’ highest chemistry degree awarded and approval from the American Chemical Society to award certified bachelor's chemistry degrees. Results suggest that faculty members may adopt a distinct set of goals not immediately associated with the practice of chemistry in the general chemistry laboratory. Further, goals increasingly focus on providing research experience and cultivating disciplinary knowledge and skills with progression through the chemistry curriculum; this focus increases more abruptly when moving from large-enrollment lower-level courses to small-enrollment upper-level courses. Findings imply a need for increased efforts focused on (1) evaluating goals for the general chemistry laboratory, including whether those goals contribute to overarching curricular objectives, (2) promoting adoption of evidence-based pedagogies in large-enrollment contexts to better align instruction with the practice of chemistry, (3) supporting faculty members in procuring funding to improve courses, and (4) refining professional societies’ evaluation criteria for undergraduate chemistry programs.
Substituent engineering of the diboron molecular architecture for a nondoped and ultrathin emitting layer
Authors: Wu Tien-Lin , Lei Jian , Hsieh Chia-Min , Chen Yi-Kuan , Huang Pei-Yun , Lai Po-Ting , Chou Tsu-Yu , Lin Wei-Chen , Chen Wei , Yu Chi-Hua , Hsu Liang-Yan , Lin Hao-Wu , Cheng Chien-Hong
Published: October 2022

A strategy of substituent engineering of DBA-based molecules is investigated via experimental and theoretical methods. A 1 nm-thick emitting layer OLED has been developed.
Tandem electrocatalytic CO2 reduction with Fe-porphyrins and Cu nanocubes enhances ethylene production
Authors: Wang Min , Nikolaou Vasilis , Loiudice Anna , Sharp Ian D. , Llobet Antoni , Buonsanti Raffaella
Published: October 2022

Coupling the tunability of molecular catalysts and copper nanocatalysts opens up new possibilities towards the development of Cu-based catalysts with enhanced selectivity for multi-carbon product generation at low overpotential.
Stabilization of a high H−-conducting phase via K doping of Ba–Li oxyhydride
Authors: Okamoto Kei , Takeiri Fumitaka , Imai Yumiko , Yonemura Masao , Saito Takashi , Ikeda Kazutaka , Otomo Toshiya , Kamiyama Takashi , Kobayashi Genki
Published: October 2022

Ba1.75LiH2.7O0.9 exhibits H− conductivity over 10−2 S cm−1 above 315 °C due to phase transitions. In this work, a reduction of the phase transition temperature and an improvement of conductivity at lower temperatures by K/Ba substitution were confirmed.
MXene-drivenin situconstruction of hollow core-shelled Co3V2O8@Ti3C2Txnanospheres for high-performance all-solid-state asymmetric supercapacitors
Authors: Zhou Ji , Liu Binbin , Zhang Lina , Li Qian , Xu Caixia , Liu Hong
Published: October 2022

Ti3C2Txprovidesin situnucleation sites for hollow Co3V2O8nanospheres while achieve its own evolution from 2D to 3D. The as-made hollow core-shelled Co3V2O8@Ti3C2Txshows a high reversible capacity and prolonged cycling stability.
Ultrathin, flexible, and high-strength polypyrrole/Ti3C2Tx film for wide-band gigahertz and terahertz electromagnetic interference shielding
Authors: Yang Shaodian , Yang Rongliang , Lin Zhiqiang , Wang Ximiao , Liu Shaojing , Huang Weibo , Chen Zibo , Wei Jianhong , Zeng Zhiping , Chen Huanjun , Hu Yougen , Gui Xuchun
Published: October 2022

An ultrathin, flexible, and high-strength Ti3C2Tx MXene film enhanced by “pyrrole bridge” is constructed. The obtained film demonstrates excellent EMI SE of 64.5 dB in the gigahertz range and 71.4 dB in the terahertz band at 4 μm.
Bucket effect on high-performance Li–O2 batteries based on P-doped 3D NiO microspheres with conformal growth of discharge products
Authors: Long Yuxin , Zhang Zidong , Zhao Lanling , Zeng Qingxi , Li Qiang , Wang Jun , Li Deyuan , Xia Qing , Liu Yao , Han Xue , Zhou Zhaorui , Li Yebing , Zhang Yiming , Chou Shulei
Published: October 2022

The introduction of P heteroatoms into NiO constructed abundant Ni–P coordination groups as emerging catalytic sites, which improved adsorption capacity to the intermediate product LiO2, ensuring effective formation/decomposition of conformal Li2O2.
Nano-assemblies of phosphonium-functionalized diblock copolymers with fabulous antibacterial properties and relationships of structure-activity
Authors: Cao Peng , Bai Xue , He Yufeng , Song Pengfei , Wang Rongmin , Huang Junchao
Published: October 2022

Phosphonium functionalized diblock copolymers are prepared through the RAFT PISA method which creates nano-assemblies with various special micromorphology and presents fabulous antibacterial activity in relation to the polymer structure.
Multiresponsive tetrarylethylene-based fluorescent dye with multicoloreded changes: AIEE properties, acidichromism, Al3+ recognition, and applications
Authors: Mu Yanqun , Fan Huanhuan , Li Mengyuan , Wang Renjie , Chen Zhao , Fan Congbin , Liu Gang , Pu Shouzhi
Published: October 2022

A new tetrarylethylene-based AIEE fluorescent dye (BTAE-PA) with multi-responsiveness and multicolored changes has been synthesized. Its properties, including AIEE, acidichromism, metal ion responsivity, and bioimaging were investigated.
A multifunctional phosphorylcholine-based polymer reduces energy loss for efficient perovskite solar cells
Authors: Zhang Lei , Gao Jiaxin , You Zuhao , Li Qi , Liu Ming , Ma Zaifei , Liu Yao
Published: October 2022

Phosphorylcholine-based polymer zwitterions are multifunctional passivators, combining various functional groups through a simple molecular design strategy, to the benefit of reducing energy loss and advancing high performance perovskite devices.
Narrowing the band of green emission in manganese hybrids by reducing the hydrogen bond strength and structural distortion
Authors: Lin Jiawei , Zhang Muwei , Sun Niu , He Shihui , Zhang Xusheng , Guo Zhongnan , Zhao Jing , Liu Quanlin , Yuan Wenxia
Published: October 2022

Two 0D hybrid Mn(ii) bromides with narrow-band green emission and triboluminescence emission are reported, and the relationship between structural distortion, hydrogen bond strength and fwhm of PL in this 0D hybrid system is described.
Methylglyoxal induces multiple serine phosphorylation in insulin receptor substrate 1 via the TAK1–p38–mTORC1 signaling axis in adipocytes
Authors: Ng Su-Ping , Nomura Wataru , Takahashi Haruya , Inoue Kazuo , Kawada Teruo , Goto Tsuyoshi , Inoue Yoshiharu
Published: October 2022

Certain metabolic intermediates produced during metabolism are known to regulate a wide range of cellular processes. Methylglyoxal (MG), a natural metabolite derived from glycolysis, has been shown to negatively influence systemic metabolism by inducing glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, and diabetic complications. MG plays a functional role as a signaling molecule that initiates signal transduction. However, the specific relationship between MG-induced activation of signal transduction and its negative effects on metabolism remains unclear. Here, we found that MG activated mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling via p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase in adipocytes, and that the transforming growth factor-β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1) is needed to activate p38–mTORC1 signaling following treatment with MG. We also found that MG increased the phosphorylation levels of serine residues in insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-1, which is involved in its negative regulation, thereby attenuating insulin-stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation in IRS-1. The negative effect of MG on insulin-stimulated IRS-1 tyrosine phosphorylation was exerted due to the MG-induced activation of the TAK1–p38–mTORC1 signaling axis. The involvement of the TAK1–p38–mTORC1 signaling axis in the induction of IRS-1 multiple serine phosphorylation was not unique to MG, as the proinflammatory cytokine, tumor necrosis factor-α, also activated the same signaling axis. Therefore, our findings suggest that MG-induced activation of the TAK1–p38–mTORC1 signaling axis caused multiple serine phosphorylation on IRS-1, potentially contributing to insulin resistance.
Fertilization: what we can learn from worms
Authors: Maniates Katherine , Singson Andrew
Published: October 2022

Infertility and development of contraceptive methods have profound societal affects; however, the genetic mechanisms underlying this are still largely unknown. Here, we describe how using the small worm Caenorhabditis elegans has helped us to discover the genes involved in these processes. Nobel Laureate Sydney Brenner established the nematode worm C. elegans as a genetic model system with a powerful ability to discover genes in many biological pathways through mutagenesis. In this tradition, many labs have been using the substantial genetic tools established by Brenner and the ‘worm’ research community to discover genes required for uniting sperm and egg. Our understanding of the molecular underpinnings of the fertilization synapse between sperm and egg rivals that of any organism. Genes have been discovered in worms that share homology and mutant phenotypes with mammals. We provide an overview of the state of our understanding of fertilization in worms as well as exciting future directions and challenges.
Mitochondrial DNA maintenance in Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Rodrigues Ana P.C. , Novaes Audrey C. , Ciesielski Grzegorz L. , Oliveira Marcos T.
Published: October 2022

All 37 mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)-encoded genes involved with oxidative phosphorylation and intramitochondrial protein synthesis, and several nuclear-encoded genes involved with mtDNA replication, transcription, repair and recombination are conserved between the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster and mammals. This, in addition to its easy genetic tractability, has made Drosophila a useful model for our understanding of animal mtDNA maintenance and human mtDNA diseases. However, there are key differences between the Drosophila and mammalian systems that feature the diversity of mtDNA maintenance processes inside animal cells. Here, we review what is known about mtDNA maintenance in Drosophila, highlighting areas for which more research is warranted and providing a perspective preliminary in silico and in vivo analyses of the tissue specificity of mtDNA maintenance processes in this model organism. Our results suggest new roles (or the lack thereof) for well-known maintenance proteins, such as the helicase Twinkle and the accessory subunit of DNA polymerase γ, and for other Drosophila gene products that may even aid in shedding light on mtDNA maintenance in other animals. We hope to provide the reader some interesting paths that can be taken to help our community show how Drosophila may impact future mtDNA maintenance research.
A data‐driven fault detection and fault‐tolerant control scheme for large‐scale systems and its application on multi‐area interconnected power systems
Authors: Gao Jingjing , Yang Xu , Huang Jian , Peng Kaixiang
Published: October 2022

Stimulated by the enhancing requirements for system safety as well as process reliability in complex industrial processes, this paper investigates a data‐driven fault detection and fault‐tolerant control scheme for large‐scale systems. To this end, a pair‐wise decomposition approach is first presented based on the inclusion principle, which expands the original large‐scale system into a set of disjointed pair‐wise subsystems. Then, for the pair‐wise subsystems, the observer‐based residual generators and observer‐based state feedback controllers for fault detection and fault‐tolerant control purpose are further developed in a decentralized way. On this basis, the fault‐tolerant controller for the original large‐scale system is obtained by the coordination and contraction of the decentralized observer‐based state feedback controllers. Finally, the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed scheme are demonstrated through the case study on a multi‐area interconnected power system.
Data‐driven sampling pattern design for sparse spotlight SAR imaging
Authors: Zhao Yao , Huang Wenkun , Quan Xiangyin , Ling Wing‐Kuen , Zhang Zhe
Published: October 2022

This paper proposes a joint optimization method for the imaging algorithm and sampling scheme of sparse spotlight synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging based on deep convolutional neural networks. Traditional compressed sensing‐based sparse SAR imaging has been widely studied. Deep learning and sparse unfolding networks have been introduced into sparse SAR imaging, but most current works focus only on the imaging stage and simply adopt the conventional uniform or random downsampling scheme. Considering that the imaging quality also depends on the sampling pattern besides the imaging algorithm, this paper introduces a learning‐based strategy to jointly optimize the sampling scheme and the imaging network parameters of the reconstruction module. In a deep learning‐based image reconstruction scheme, joint and continuous optimization of the sampling patterns and convolutional neural network parameters is achieved to improve the image quality. Simulation results based on real SAR image data set illustrate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed framework.
Small‐signal modelling considering internal perturbations for modular multilevel converters
Authors: Song Shuguang , Liu Jinjun , Chen Xingxing , Sheng Junyi , Liu Hanjun
Published: October 2022

Small‐signal modelling of modular multilevel converters (MMC) has drawn lots of attention recently. Existing research mainly studies MMC terminal impedances by injecting corresponding AC‐side and DC‐side external small‐signal perturbations. This paper focuses on the MMC internal small‐signal perturbations, that is, perturbations in control signal and their effect. There are two kinds, that is, differential‐mode and common‐mode, of internal small‐signal perturbations, which influence MMC external and internal state variables, respectively. Then, the existing MMC small‐signal model is improved. With its help, accurate MMC control‐signal to state‐variables transfer functions are established, which can aid precise MMC controller analysis and performance optimization. In this paper, an analysis of MMC phase capacitor voltage regulation control is demonstrated as an example. The stability can be precisely ascertained based on the obtained transfer function. The effect of parameter variation of the proportional‐integral controller is also studied. Moreover, an additional compensator is introduced in the existing control loop to attenuate resonance peaks in the transfer function, which mitigates the large voltage overshoot and makes the transient state much smoother. Simulation and experimental results support and well confirm the analysis of this paper.
Optimal coordination of electric vehicle charging and photovoltaic power curtailment in unbalanced low voltage networks: An experimental case
Authors: Cortés Borray Andrés Felipe , Rauma Kalle , Torres Esther
Published: October 2022

This study introduces a quadratic programming‐based optimisation method to coordinate electric vehicle (EV) charging and photovoltaic (PV) curtailment in unbalanced low voltage (LV) networks. The proposed model is defined as a convex model that guarantees the optimal global solution of the problem avoiding the complexity of non‐linear models and surpassing the limitations of local solutions derived from meta‐heuristics algorithms reported in the literature. The coordination is carried out through a centralised controller installed at the header of the LV feeder. The objective of the proposed strategy is to minimise the power curtailment of all PV systems and maximise the power delivered to all EVs by optimising at every time step a suitable setpoint for the PV units and the charging rate of each EV connected without surpassing network constraints. A new energy‐boundary model is also proposed to meet the energy requirements of all EVs, which is based on a recurrent function that depends on the arrival‐and‐desired energy states of the vehicle to compute its charging trajectory optimally. The effectiveness of the proposed coordination strategy was successfully proven through three scenarios in a laboratory environment, making use of two commercial EVs and a PV inverter in a Power Hardware‐in‐the‐Loop setup.
Improved asteroseismic inversions for red-giant surface rotation rates
Authors: Ahlborn F. , Bellinger E. P. , Hekker S. , Basu S. , Mokrytska D.
Published: October 2022

Context. Asteroseismic observations of internal stellar rotation have indicated a substantial lack of angular momentum transport in theoretical models of subgiant and red-giant stars. Accurate core and surface rotation rate measurements are therefore needed to constrain the internal transport processes included in the models.

Aims. We eliminate substantial systematic errors of asteroseismic surface rotation rates found in previous studies.

Methods. We propose a new objective function for the optimally localised averages method of rotational inversions for red-giant stars, which results in more accurate envelope rotation rate estimates obtained from the same data. We use synthetic observations from stellar models across a range of evolutionary stages and masses to demonstrate the improvement.

Results. We find that our new inversion technique allows us to obtain estimates of the surface rotation rate that are independent of the core rotation. For a star at the base of the red-giant branch, we reduce the systematic error from about 20% to a value close to 0, assuming constant envelope rotation. We also show the equivalence between this method and the method of linearised rotational splittings.

Conclusions. Our new rotational inversion method substantially reduces the systematic errors of red-giant surface rotation rates. In combination with independent measures of the surface rotation rate, this will allow better constraints to be set on the internal rotation profile. This will be a very important probe for further constraining the internal angular momentum transport along the lower part of the red-giant branch.
Ammonia, carbon dioxide, and the non-detection of the 2152 cm−1 CO band
Authors: He Jiao , Perotti Giulia , Emtiaz Shahnewaz M. , Toriello Francis E. , Boogert Adwin , Henning Thomas , Vidali Gianfranco
Published: October 2022

Context. COa title should be crisp and newspaper-style, and direct questions are to be avoided in scientific writing. Please rephrase your title and take this into account. Your running title may be a good place to start is one of the most abundant ice components on interstellar dust grains. When it is mixed with amorphous solid water (ASW) or located on its surface, an absorption band of CO at 2152 cm−1 is always present in laboratory measurements. This spectral feature is attributed to the interaction of CO with dangling-OH bonds (dOH) in ASW. However, this band is absent in observational spectra of interstellar ices. This raises the question whether CO forms a relatively pure layer on top of ASW or is in close contact with ASW, but not via dangling bonds.

Aims. We aim to determine whether the incorporation of NH3 or CO2 into ASW blocks the dOH and therefore reduces the 2152 cm−1 band.

Methods. We performed laboratory experiments to simulate the layered structure of the ice mantle, that is, we grew CO ice on top of 1) pure ASW, 2) NH3:H2O=10:100 mixed ice, and 3) CO2:H2O=20:100 mixed ice. Infrared spectra were measured to quantify the strength of the 2152 cm−1 band. In addition, a second set of experiments were performed to determine how the incorporation of NH3 into ASW affects the dOH band.

Results. We found that annealing the ice reduces the 2152 cm−1 band and that NH3 blocks the dOH on ASW surface and therefore reduces the 2152 cm−1 band more effectively than CO2. We suggest that this difference between NH3 and CO2 can be ascribed to the polarity of the guest molecule (NH3 is a polar species, whereas CO2 is apolar). The polarity implies that the formation of an H-bond between the N atom of ammonia and the dOH is a barrier-less reaction. We also determined the pore surface area of the ice mixtures as a function of the annealing temperature, and found that the nondetection of 2152 cm−1 band does not necessarily exclude the possibility of a porous ice mantle.
Evaluation of mechanical behaviour and tensile failure analysis of 8 wt.% of nano B4C particles reinforced Al2214 alloy nano composites
Authors: Gopalan Kumar , Rajabathar Saravanan , Nagaral Madeva , Thippeswamy Hemnath Raju
Published: October 2022

The microstructure and mechanical properties of Al2214-8 wt.% of 500 nm sized B4C particles reinforced composites were studied in this study. By using a liquid metallurgical process, composites containing 8 wt.% of B4C in Al2214 alloy were created. To increase the wettability and dispersion of the composites, fortification particles were warmed to 300 °C and then added in groups of two into the vortex of liquid Al2214 alloy compound. ASTM standards were used to analyse the mechanical characteristics of Al2214 alloy and Al2214-8 wt.% of B4C composites. The distribution and presence of nano B4C particles in the Al2214 alloy matrix were confirmed by microstructural analysis using SEM and EDS. XRD patterns indicated the presence of the B4C phases in Al2214 alloy composites. The addition of 8 wt.% of B4C particles to Al2214 alloy improved its hardness, ultimate, yield, and compression strength. Furthermore, the presence of B4C particles reduced the ductility of the Al2214 alloy. The tested materials were subjected to tensile fractography to determine the various fracture mechanisms.
Ligandrol-induzierte toxische Hepatopathie – ein Fallbericht
Authors: Wallstab Florian , Jechorek Doerthe , Keitel-Anselmino Verena , Arnim Ulrike von
Published: October 2022

Ein 37-jähriger Patient stellte sich mit schmerzlosem Ikterus und Juckreiz vor. Laborchemisch wurden ein Bilirubin 30-fach über dem oberen Normwert sowie eine leicht erhöhte Alanin-Aminotransferase (ALT) mit ansonsten geringfügig erhöhten Cholestaseparametern gesehen. Bei unauffälliger Umfelddiagnostik mit Ausschluss häufiger Ursachen einer Hepatitis wurde eine Leberbiopsie durchgeführt. Diese ergab eine kanalikuläre Cholestase mit Duktopenie und periportaler Fibrose. Erst nach wiederholter, eindringlicher Anamnese konnte ein Ligandrol-Abusus als Ursache für die Symptomatik ermittelt werden. Ligandrol wird als Selektiver-Androgen-Rezeptor-Modulator zur Förderung des Muskelaufbaus eingesetzt. Dieser Fall stellt keinen Einzelfall für den Missbrauch anaboler Substanzen im Amateursport dar.
Metabolic Profile and Echocardiographic Evaluation in Adults with Growth Hormone Deficiency
Authors: Yang Hongbo , Xu Hanyuan , Wang Linjie , Duan Lian , Gong Fengying , Zhu Huijuan , Pan Hui
Published: October 2022

Adult growth hormone deficiency (AGHD) is associated with increased cardiovascular risks. The primary endpoint of this retrospective cohort study was to compare metabolic profile and echocardiographic parameters in childhood-onset (CO) and adulthood-onset (AO) AGHD patients. 26 patients with CO AGHD (19 males, 26.8±8.5 years) and 41 patients with AO AGHD (23 males, 35.1±6.8 years) were included. The standard deviation score of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1 SDS), metabolic profile, liver sonography and echocardiographic parameters were compared. The IGF-1 SDS were significantly lower in CO AGHD patients (p<0.05). AO AGHD patients showed much profound glycolipid aberrations, elevated C-reactive protein levels (p=0.012), and proportionally higher prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (95.2% vs.8.3%, p<0.001). In all subjects, IGF-1 SDS was negatively related to low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and positively related to total cholesterol and lipoprotein a (Lpa). There were significant differences between the two group with regard to the correlations between IGF-1 SDS and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LPa, uric acid and creatinine (all p for interaction<0.05). CO AGHD patients exhibited smaller heart, but similar ventricular ejection fraction compared to AO AGHD patients. AGHD may be a group of heterogenous entity based on the onset ages of disease. AO patients had prominent metabolic disorders, while CO patients had smaller heart but similar cardiac performance. Whether growth hormone replacement therapy will equally benefit both CO and AO AGHD patients needs further investigations.
Unmet medical need in der Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heilkunde: Die HNO-Ärztinnen und HNO-Ärzte sind gefordert
Authors: Guntinas-Lichius Orlando , Deitmer Thomas , Löhler Jan , Bujok Oliver
Published: October 2022

Hintergrund HNO-Ärztinnen und HNO-Ärzte sind prädestiniert dafür, den medizinischen Bedarf in der HNO-Heilkunde unter dem Dach der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Hals-Chirurgie (DGHNO-KHC) wissenschaftlich zu analysieren und zu priorisieren. Diese Bedarfsanalyse ist wichtig, um gezielt Erforschung und Entwicklung medizinischer Innovationen zur besseren Versorgung von HNO-Patientinnen und HNO-Patienten auf diesen Bedarf auszurichten und entsprechende Programme zur Forschungs- und Innovationsförderung frühzeitig anzustoßen.

Methoden Hiermit soll die Empfehlung ausgesprochen werden, dass die DGHNO-KHC und deren Arbeitsgemeinschaften und Arbeitsgruppen in ihren Spezialdisziplinen sich des Themas annehmen. Das Ziel ist ein umfassendes Medical Need Assessment für die HNO-Heilkunde. Die Kriterien zur Parametrisierung des medizinischen Bedarfs werden dem Konzept des unmet medical need (UMN) entnommen. Zur Priorisierung von UMN wird die Methode der multikriteriellen Entscheidungsanalyse (Multi-criteria decision analysis; MCDA) herangezogen.

Empfehlung Die Arbeitsgemeinschaften und Arbeitsgruppen der DGHNO-KHC machen sich mit dem Konzept des UMN vertraut. Anschließend werden Vorschläge zu HNO-Erkrankungen mit UMN in Diagnostik und Therapie unter Beachtung der medizinischen Evidenz gesammelt. Die Vorschläge werden nach MCDA standardisiert bewertet und ein Ranking aufgestellt. Die Ergebnisse werden veröffentlicht und genutzt, um Institutionen der Forschungs- und Innovationsförderung auf den UMN in der HNO-Heilkunde aufmerksam zu machen.

Diskussion Die Arbeit wird zur Weiterentwicklung des UMN-Konzepts beitragen und auch eine Grundlage schaffen können, um das Instrument des Medical Need Assessment in Deutschland zu etablieren. Die DGHNO-KHC wird über diese Arbeit als wichtiger wissenschaftlicher Motor für die Entwicklung bedarfsgetriebener medizinischer Innovationen in Deutschland wahrgenommen.
Technology Acceptance of a Mobile Application to Support Family Caregivers in a Long-Term Care Facility
Authors: Perez Hector , Miguel-Cruz Antonio , Daum Christine , Comeau Aidan K. , Rutledge Emily , King Sharla , Liu Lili
Published: October 2022

Background Family caregivers are unpaid individuals who provide care to people with chronic conditions or disabilities. Family caregivers generally do not have formal care-related training. However, they are an essential source of care. Mobile technologies can benefit family caregivers by strengthening communication with care staff and supporting the monitoring of care recipients.

Objective We conducted a mixed-method study to evaluate the acceptance and usability of a mobile technology called the Smart Care System.

Methods Using convenience sampling, we recruited 27 family caregivers to evaluate the mobile Smart Care System (mSCS). In the quantitative phase, we administered initial and exit questionnaires based on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology. In the qualitative phase, we conducted focus groups to explore family caregivers' perspectives and opinions on the usability of the mSCS. With the quantitative data, we employed univariate, bivariate, and partial least squares analyses, and we used content analysis with the qualitative data.

Results We observed a high level of comfort using digital technologies among participants. On average, participants were caregivers for an average of 6.08 years (standard deviation [SD] = 6.63), and their mean age was 56.65 years (SD = 11.62). We observed a high level of technology acceptance among family caregivers (7.69, SD = 2.11). Behavioral intention (β = 0.509, p-value = 0.004) and facilitating conditions (β = 0.310, p-value = 0.049) were statistically significant and related to usage behavior. In terms of qualitative results, participants reported that the mobile application supported care coordination and communication with staff and provided peace of mind to family caregivers.

Conclusion The technology showed high technology acceptance and intention to use among family caregivers in a long-term care setting. Facilitating conditions influenced acceptance. Therefore, it would be important to identify and optimize these conditions to ensure technology uptake.
End-to-Side Nerve Transfer for the Management of Chronic Leg Compartment Ankle Dorsiflexion Weakness
Authors: Rodriguez-Collazo Edgardo R. , Raja Asim A.Z. , Ward Shawn Christopher , Oexeman Stephanie , Khan Arshad A.
Published: October 2022

Background A proximal deep peroneal nerve (DPN) injury can significantly impact the functional capacity of the leg, to include compromised motor function of the tibialis anterior (TA) muscle. Clinical examination can range from weakness in ankle dorsiflexion, to complete foot drop. Diagnostic nerve conduction velocity (NCV) testing can demonstrate abnormalities at select areas of impingement (or) entrapment (i.e., regions affected by a demyelinating compression mono-neuropathy), along the proximal course of the common peroneal nerve.

Methods We retrospectively report on 17 patients with clinical weakness involving ankle dorsiflexion. All patients underwent surgical end-to-side anastomosis, transferring a muscular nerve branch from the superficial peroneal nerve (SPN) to a segment of the DPN responsible for TA muscle innervation. Outcomes were based on comparisons of preoperative and postoperative DPN motor function to the TA muscle, standardized to the British Medical Research Council Scale for Muscle Strength. Preoperative scores were generally M2 or below.

Results Postoperative outcome scores of M4 to M5 were considered good (or) successful. 94.1% of patients demonstrated successful outcomes.

Conclusion An end-to-side SPN motor branch anastomosis, into the motor branch of the DPN responsible for TA muscle innervation, can be a viable treatment option for weakness in ankle dorsiflexion. All reported cases involved a compromised segment of deep peroneal nerve within the proximal one-third of the leg.
Critical View of Safety in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: A Word of Caution in Cases of Aberrant Anatomy
Authors: Antonopoulou Maria Ioanna , Manatakis Dimitrios K.
Published: October 2022

Introduction To avoid vasculobiliary injuries, the Critical View of Safety (CVS) technique is strongly recommended during dissection of the hepatocystic triangle. It entails three basic steps as follows: (1) complete clearance of the hepatocystic triangle of fibrofatty tissue, (2) separation of the lower part of the gallbladder from the cystic plate, so that (3) two and only two structures are seen entering the gallbladder.

Case History In this video vignette, we present the case of an aberrant hepatic artery, coursing subserosally parallel to the gallbladder wall. Despite presumably achieving all three CVS requirements, the surgeon did not proceed to clipping and dividing the two structures, preventing a major vascular injury. Due to its unusually large caliber, the artery was carefully dissected, and multiple smaller branches to the gallbladder were ligated instead, until it was definitively identified entering into the hepatic parenchyma of segments IVb–V.

Discussion The CVS approach was originally conceived as a means for the conclusive recognition of the cystic duct and artery to prevent misidentification errors. However, in such cases of extreme anatomical variations, the CVS may indeed have certain limitations. Therefore the surgeon should always maintain a high degree of suspicion and a low threshold for alternative bail-out options.
O uso do escore SARC-F como auxiliar na prevenção de fraturas por fragilidade
Authors: Martini Carlos Augusto Nunes , Weigert Carolina Souza , Stiegemaier Anderson Carlos Bigolin , Ferreira Ana Paula Ribeiro Bonilauri , Gonçalves Ellen Liceras , Valle Sandro Fortes
Published: October 2022

Objetivo O presente estudo teve como objetivo relacionar o escore strength, assistance with walking, rising from a chair, climbing stairs, and falls (SARC-F) com a presença ou não de fratura por fragilidade na população acima de 60 anos.

Métodos O risco de sarcopenia foi determinado por meio da aplicação do questionário SARC-F, sendo os pacientes divididos em 2 grupos, de acordo com a ocorrência ou não de fratura por fragilidade (n = 100).

Resultados Foram levantados 32 casos de fratura de rádio distal e 18 casos de fratura de fêmur proximal. Uma maior pontuação no SARC-F determina bem entre ter ou não ter fratura por fragilidade, estimando que a cada ponto a mais no escore há um acréscimo de 70% na chance de o paciente ter fratura, independentemente da idade, sexo e índice de massa corporal (IMC).

Conclusão Houve correlação direta entre uma maior pontuação no SARC-F e aumento na chance de fratura por fragilidade.