bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Body Image Disturbances in Patients Undergoing Mastectomy for Breast Cancer
Authors: Ramakrishnan Kavitha Konnakkaparambil , Damodaran Sreekumar
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND Body image can be defined as a subjective picture of an individual’s own physical appearance established by self-observation and by noticing the reaction of others. Breast cancer and its treatment has been shown to have tremendous impact on the body image of the patients. We wanted to assess the level of body image disturbance in patients undergoing mastectomy for breast cancer and identify the relation between the body image disturbance and measures of psychosocial morbidity and quality of life. METHODS 35 female patients who had mastectomy for breast cancer were assessed preoperatively, immediately after surgery and 2 months after the surgery. They were administered body image scale questionnaire, HADS (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale), General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) and WHO QOL BREF. RESULTS Our results showed that 24 out of 35 patients (68.5 %) were Body Image Scale positive at the first interview itself. The number of positive patients increased to 27 at the second interview (77.1 %), but this change was not statistically significant and there was no change from second to third visit. Those who were Body Image Scale Positive had significantly higher anxiety, depression and GHQ12 scores. Those who had a body image disturbance also had a poorer quality of life across all domains. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that there is a high level of body image disturbance in patients undergoing mastectomy for breast cancer even before surgery. This high level also contributes significantly to their psychosocial morbidity and also negatively affects their quality of life. KEYWORDS Body Image, Anxiety, Depression, Quality of Life, Breast Cancer, Mastectomy
Evaluation of Pattern of Use of Prescribed Oral Hypoglycaemic Drugs in Newly Diagnosed Diabetic Nephropathy Patients Visiting a Tertiary Care Hospital of Southern Bihar
Authors: Goyal Rajan , Jindal Himanshu , Singh Abhilasha , Kamendu Abhishek
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND Diabetes is the most important risk factor for chronic kidney disease. Because of this, clearance of many oral hypoglycaemic drugs from our body is hampered and time of exposure to these drugs increases. Therefore, patients of diabetes need to be assessed frequently for the development of diabetic nephropathy and the dosage of oral hypoglycaemic drugs should also be modified accordingly. So, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the doses of prescribed OHAs in newly diagnosed diabetic nephropathy patients. METHODS A hospital based observational study was conducted at Narayan Medical College and Hospital, Sasaram, Bihar, India. A total of 600 diagnosed patients of diabetic nephropathy of age more than 18 years visiting for the 1 st time in OPD of general medicine / nephrology department were included in the study after obtaining an informed consent. The results were expressed as a percentage of the assessed population. RESULTS Only about 38% of the total study population was taking doses of Oral Hypoglycaemic Agents (OHAs) according to their GFR status. 62% were taking wrong doses of OHAs with their respective renal function. CONCLUSIONS Treatment of diabetes in a CKD patient is more difficult than in non-CKD patient. GFR status should be monitored on regular basis in patients of diabetes with CKD. A significant number of these patients are still treated with wrong dosage of OHAs for their respective renal function. KEYWORDS Wrong Dose of OHA, Diabetic Nephropathy, Oral Hypoglycaemic Drugs
Multicentric Medullary Carcinoma Breast - Uncommon Histologic Subtype
Authors: Jagtap Sunil Vitthalrao , Nagar Vaidehi Dharmesh , Jagtap Shubham Sunil , Mishra Shefali
Published: November 2020

Ridolfi et al. in 1977 defined medullary breast carcinoma (MBC) as one of the invasive and malignant subtypes of breast cancer.1 It is a rare breast malignancy accounting for 5 % of breast carcinomas.2 Although MBC is considered as having good prognosis, patients reported as triple-negative breast cancers are associated with aggressive clinical behaviour and poor prognosis.3 Also factors like local invasion, evidence of regional metastasis, etc. will determine the progress of this type of cancer.
Comparison of SpO2 / FiO2 Ratio and PaO2 / FiO2 Ratio as Diagnostic Criteria in Patients with ALI and ARDS
Authors: Janipalli Venkata Praveen , Moturi Praveen Kumar
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND PaO2 / FiO2 ratio has been the main criterion in defining ALI / ARDS (Acute Lung Injury / Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome). This study is particularly aimed at utilising SpO2 / FiO2 ratio as an alternative diagnostic criterion of ALI / ARDS. METHODS Fifty patients with ALI / ARDS were included in the study. SpO2, PaO2 values, and serum electrolytes were measured using pulse oximetry and arterial blood gas analysis along with simultaneous measurement of FiO2. RESULTS SpO2 / FiO2 and PaO2 / FiO2 ratio showed a good linear correlation. By quantifying the linear regression equation, the threshold value of SpO2 / FiO2 ratio was calculated. Evidence gathered from the study demonstrated strong association between SpO2 / FiO2 and PaO2 / FiO2 ratio and it is proposed that SpO2 / FiO2 ratio calculation should be the norm to characterise oxygen impairment in ALI / ARDS, rather than just using it as an alternative diagnostic criterion. CONCLUSIONS Threshold values of SpO2 / FiO2 ratio can be used as an alternative to PaO2 / FiO2 ratio in the early diagnosis of ALI and ARDS. KEYWORDS PaO2 / FiO2 Ratio, SpO2 / FiO2 Ratio, ABG, Pulse Oximetry, ALI, ARDS
To Study the Correlation between Insulin Resistance and Hypertension in Hypertensive Patients
Authors: Wadhera Nishant , Mangla Sidharth , Gupta Abhishek , Singhal Saurabh
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND Individuals developing type 2 diabetes generally go through phases of insulin resistance and pre-diabetes, though it may often remain un-noticed. This syndrome is due to decreased insulin secretion which even may be a part of a bigger collection of symptoms termed as metabolic syndrome. The study was conducted to correlate insulin resistance with hypertension and its correlations with various parameters such as Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA–IR) test, lipid profile, and anthropometric measurements. METHODS This cross-sectional study was performed among 100 patients in the Department of Medicine at Chhatrapati Shivaji Subharti Hospital from December 2018 to March 2020. Data was collected by a preformed structured interviewer-administered questionnaire which was pretested and modified before the study commenced. Patients were interviewed for the demographic, socioeconomic status, medical history and previous treatment history. Anthropometric measurements such as height, weight, and waist circumference, were measured. BMI was recorded. Serum insulin and fasting glucose level in serum were measured as one of the diagnostic parameters for the confirmation of insulin resistance. HOMA-IR (Fasting Insulin (µU / mL) X Fasting Blood Glucose (mg / dL) / 405) was utilised to estimate insulin resistance. RESULTS Insulin resistance was present among 41 % and absent in 59 % of the hypertensive subjects. Mean HOMA-IR was 2.47 ± 0.67, 2.89 ± 0.53 and 3.51 ± 0.74 among subjects with Elevated / Hypertensive Stage I, Hypertensive Stage II and Hypertensive Emergency grades respectively (p < 0.05). Average fasting insulin was 5.93 ± 2.66, 7.61 ± 2.14 and 15.13 ± 4.91 among subjects with Elevated / Hypertensive Stage I, Hypertensive Stage II and Hypertensive Emergency grade respectively. CONCLUSIONS Hyperinsulinaemia and insulin resistance plays a fundamental role in pathophysiology of increased blood pressure. It is proposed that increase in BP is related to change in insulin action, sensitivity, and resistance. The study showed a significant increase of BMI and WC of essential hypertensive patients and more weight gain associated with severity of insulin resistance. Thus, the magnitude of weight gain and obesity is related with enhanced susceptibility to insulin resistance. KEYWORDS Hypertension, Insulin Resistance, HOMA-IR
ROOT SYSTEM IN MAIZE PLANTS CULTIVATED UNDER WATER DEFICIT AND APPLICATION OF CHITOSAN
Authors: ALMEIDA LORENA GABRIELA , SILVA EDER MARCOS  DA , MAGALHÃES PAULO CÉSAR , KARAM DÉCIO , REIS CAROLINE OLIVEIRA DOS , JÚNIOR CARLOS CÉSAR GOMES , MARQUES DANIELE MARIA
Published: November 2020

Low water availability is characterized as an abiotic stressthat limits the agricultural production. Due to the physical and chemicalcharacteristics of the chitosan (CHT), this substance might stimulatephysiological responses on plants to tolerate the water deficit. In this sense,we submitted corn plants to water deficit and application of chitosan on theleaves (140 mg/L) during pre flowering stage. It were analyzed two cornhybrids genotypes contrasting for water deficit tolerance: DKB 390 (tolerant)and BRS1010 (sensitive). Then, we performed evaluations on the rootsystem and production components. Corn plants submitted to the applicationof chitosan presented a specific behavior: when compared the hybrids,the tolerant one presented a root system that was more developed and anexpressive agronomical yield. These results highlight the fact that the chitosanstimulates plant growth, enhancing their root system and contributing toincrease the availability and absorption of water and nutrients. The chitosanpresents a potential to reduce the negative effects of water deficit on the rootsystems, without compromising the agronomical yield.
USE OF HIGH SALT CONCENTRATION WATER IN SORGHUM PRODUCTION IN THE BRAZILIAN SEMI-ARID REGION
Authors: LINO VITOR ABEL DA SILVA , MEDEIROS JOSÉ FRANCISMAR DE , COSTA ANDRÉA RAQUEL FERNANDES CARLOS DA , COSTA SOLERNE CAMINHA , SILVA MAX VINÍCIUS TEIXEIRA DA , SILVA FRANCISCA KARLA KELLY DA
Published: November 2020

In arid and semi-arid regions, due to the low rainfall and high evapotranspiration rate, salts are concentrated in the soil and in the water, causing the salinization of the medium. Irrigation is necessary in these regions, but the volume required by the crops is high. Deficit irrigation is an alternative since it alleviates plant stress, but without affecting the crop yield. Sorghum is a plant that tolerates soil moisture deficit and surplus. The objective of this work was to verify the influence of irrigation water salinity and depth in the sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) crop in terms of yield. The experiment was conducted from February to May 2016, in the municipality of Mossoró / state of Rio Grande do Norte. The treatments studied consisted of three factors as follows: irrigation water salt concentration (ECw) of 0.8, 2.4, 3.43 and 4.81 dS m-1; irrigation depths of 80, 98 and 127% of ETc applied via drip irrigation; and BRS 506, IPA 2502 and Ponta Negra sorghum cultivars, arranged in a (4x3)x3 factorial scheme with split plots, cultivars in sub-plots, with four blocks. Supplemental irrigations were implemented, being around 9% of the crop demand supplied by rainfall that occurred in the period. Soil electrical conductivity presented a reduction tendency when larger water volumes were applied. Irrigation depth and salinity did not influence yield aspects, even with a 20% reduction in the ideal irrigation depth and water salt concentration of at least 4.81 dS m-1 of electrical conductivity.
AGRONOMIC AND PHYSIOLOGICAL INDICATORS FOR SELECTION OF WATER RESTRICTION-TOLERANT GRAIN SORGHUM GENOTYPES
Authors: OLIVEIRA RENATO MENDES , ASPIAZÚ IGNACIO , MAGALHÃES PAULO CÉSAR , SILVA KAREN MARCELLE DE JESUS , DE CARVALHO ABNER JOSÉ , PORTUGAL ARLEY FIGUEIREDO , DOS SANTOS SILVÂNIO RODRIGUES , DA SILVA REIS JOÃO BATISTA RIBEIRO
Published: November 2020

Selection of tolerant plants is essential to meet the challenges of food production. The objective of this study was to evaluate agronomic and physiological characteristics as indicators for the selection of water restriction-tolerant grain sorghum genotypes. The experiments were conducted in 2014, 2015 and 2016. Two trials were installed in each year, one subjected to full irrigation and the other to water restriction. In the first one, irrigation was performed periodically, at a 2-day interval, to maintain soil moisture close to field capacity. In the second one, irrigation was suspended in the pre-flowering period, keeping the restriction for 30 days. Four sorghum genotypes were used: 9503062 and 9618158 - drought sensitive (S); 9910032 and P898012 - drought tolerant (T). The experimental design was randomized blocks with four replicates. Stomatal conductance, relative chlorophyll content, photosynthetically active leaf area, plant height and yield were evaluated. Joint analysis of the experiments subjected to full irrigation and water restriction of the three years was performed. Under water restriction it was not possible to distinguish between sensitive and tolerant materials. The characteristics evaluated in this experiment did not allow a conclusive distinction between tolerant and sensitive genotypes.
Effectiveness of Organic Fertilizer on Growth and Production of Cabbage Plant (Brassica oleraceae)
Authors: Sugiono Sugiono , Krismawati Amik
Published: November 2020

Research on the effectiveness test of organic fertilizer contains 18% C - Organic growth and production of cabbage was conducted from October 2017 to April 2018. This research aims to examine the effectiveness of organic fertilizer on the growth and yield of cabbage plants. The method of this research used a randomized block design, which consisted of 9 treatments and 3 replications. The location of the research was on dry soil at Dusun Jeding, Junrejo Village, Batu (1000 m asl). Result of soil analysis before the research with pH neutral, low N, higher P2O5, low CEC (Cation Exchange Capacity), and low C-organic, as well as clay loam. The results of the research showed that the application of organic fertilizer significantly affects on plant height, numbers of the leaf, width of canopy, diameter of the crop, and weight of yield. The dose of 800 kg/ha produces a net weight of 24.9 t/ha by the highest value of RAE 408.35. However, the application of Petroganik fertilizer 500kg/ha, it produces a net weight of 18.10 t/ha by RAE value 256.28. Application of the recommended fertilizers (Urea 200, ZA 250, SP-36 250, and KCl 200kg/ha) and organic fertilizer 500-800 kg/ha could increase the growth and production of cabbage by B/C Ratio 2.61. It can be concluded that organic fertilizer “Bukit Daun” was effective in increasing the growth and yield of cabbage
Kadar Glukosa Darah Tikus Putih (Rattus norvegicus) yang Diberikan Ragi Tape
Authors: Samsuri Dharma Audia , Samsuri Samsuri , Kendran Anak Agung Sagung
Published: November 2020

Populasi hewan kesayangan semakin meningkat seiring tingginya minat manusia memelihara hewan kesayangan sebagai sumber dukungan sosial. Metode untuk mengurangi populasi hewan kesayagan telah banyak berkembang diantaranya dengan melakukan operasi dan menggunakan ragi tape. Ragi tape mengandung mikroorganisme yang dapat mengubah karbohidrat menjadi gula sederhana. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian ragi tape selama 21 hari terhadap kadar glukosa darah tikus putih. Penelitian dilakukan pada 24 ekor tikus putih yang dibagi menjadi empat perlakuan dan setiap perlakuan terdiri dari enam ulangan yaitu P0: kontrol; P1: ragi tape 100 mg/kgBB; P2: ragi tape 200 mg/kgBB; dan P3: ragi tape 300 mg/kgBB. Pengambilan darah dilakukan dengan memotong ujung ekor tikus sehingga mengeluarkan darah. Pemeriksaan kadar glukosa darah dilakukan menggunakan alat Easy Touch GCU (Glucose, Cholesterol, and Urid Acid) dengan strip dan chip test yang berwarna hijau. Darah diteteskan pada strip test kemudian akan terlihat hasil pada alat pengukur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rerata kadar glukosa darah kelompok perlakuan P1: 66,17 mg/dL, P2: 71,67 mg/dL dan P3: 70,33 mg/dL lebih rendah dibandingkan kelompok kontrol P0: 83,33 mg/dL. Berdasarkan uji statistik Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) menunjukkan hasil berbeda nyata terhadap kelompok perlakuan P1 (100 mg/kgBB), P2 (200 mg/kgBB), dan P3 (300 mg/kgBB). Pemberian ragi tape dengan dosis 100 mg/kgBB, 200 mg/kgBB, dan 300 mg/kgBB dapat mempengaruhi kadar glukosa darah tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus).
REGES, REGULI, DUCES: SOME REMARKS ON THE INDIVIDUAL AND POWER IN LATE IRON AGE PRE-ROMAN BRITAIN
Authors: BARYSHNIKOV ANTON
Published: November 2020

The paper considers one of the most significant changes in late pre-Roman Iron Age in Britain—the emergence of individual power, usually labeled as kingship. The modern perception of this sociopolitical phenomenon has been largely determined according to texts from Greek and Roman authors. This paper argues that this image is distorted and says more about the ancient writers than it does about ancient political leaders, their status, or the essence of their power. Avoiding terms like king to prevent a general misunderstanding of the phenomenon is reasonable; nevertheless, coins from so-called dynasties and tribes as well as other material sources show the emergence of individual power from the first century B.C.E. to the first century C.E. This new phenomenon should be analyzed with new (and re-worked) theoretical frameworks. Additionally, comparative studies can play a significant role in exploring the nature of what is referred to as Iron Age kingship in Britain.
DIVERSITY AND ABUNDANCE OF LANDING APHIDS IN TWO AREAS OF SEED POTATO PRODUCTION IN TUNISIA; RELATIVE TO THE INCIDENCE OF POTATO VIRUSES
Authors: HLAOUI AMEN , MAZZONI EMANUELE , SOUISSI REBHA , BOUKHRIS BOUHACHEM SONIA
Published: November 2020

Aphid flight activities were monitored in 2015 in two areas of seed potato production in Tunisia. Yellow water traps were used to investigate the diversity of aphidofauna and the incidence of aphids involved in potato virus transmission. A total of 9966 specimens belonged to 73 taxa were captured. The cumulative abundance recorded in Douala (first site) was much higher than in El Ogla (second site) (8768 vs 1189 specimens). The most preponderant species in Douala were Aphis spiraecola Patch (66.1%) and Aphis spp. group (13.5%). In El Ogla Rhopalosiphum padi (L.) comprised 58.9% of total catches, followed by Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris) (12%) and Aploneura lentisci (Passerini) (10.4%). The highest values of diversity indices were recorded on April 23 th [Shannon-Wiener index (H’)=2.58; Simpson index (1-D)=0.88] in Douala and on May 12th (H’=1.70; 1-D=0.75) in El Ogla. The detection of viral infections by DAS-ELISA determined the predominance of Potato virus Y amongst five main potato viruses tested. Overall Chi-square analysis determined significant differences crossing all areas of seed and ware potatoes and season crops. The highest incidence of viruses was recorded in Douala (18.5%) while El Ogla was under the threshold value (4%). This might be attributed to the occurrence of aphids in early season known previously to be efficient vectors of PVY and to the characteristics of area including climatic conditions, altitude and landscape structure. These results provide new evidence for El Ogla as ideal site to produce healthy tubers while conversely Douala is favourable for the propagation of vectors and viruses.
Pengaruh Endosulfan terhadap Perubahan Histopatologi Hepar Mencit (Mus musculus)
Authors: Wardhani Hana Cipka Pramuda
Published: November 2020

ABSTRAKOrgan yang paling banyak terkontaminasi oleh paparan adalah hati, karena fungsinya sebagai adetoksifikator. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perubahan histopatologi hati mencit (Mus musculus) akibat Endosulfan. Hewan percobaan yaitu 20 ekor mencit jantan dengan berat badan 20 gram. Paparan per-oral menggunakan Endosulfanon dengan dosis tunggal setiap perlakuan. Setelah 7 hari adaptasi, perlakuan kelompok pada hari kedelapan sebanyak 1cc per oral dengan dosis sebagai berikut: P1 6,25mg/kg berat badan/1cc/oral, P2 12,5mg/kg berat badan/1cc/oral dan P3 25mg/kg berat badan/1cc/oral. Pada hari kesepuluh dilakukan nekropsi untuk pengambilan hati mencit dan pembuatan mikro slide. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan undian. Sel hati yang mengalami inflamasi, degenerasi, dan nekrosis dihitung dengan sistem skoring. Hasil penilaian dianalisis oleh Kruska-Wallis. Jika hasil menunjukkan P <0,05 (berbeda nyata) maka dilanjutkan Mann-Whitney. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Endosulfan berpengaruh terhadap perubahan histopatologi hati mencit. Dosis tertinggi 25mg/kg berat badan dapat menyebabkan keracunan dan kematian. Dosis terendah 6,25mg/kg berat badan dapat menyebabkan inflamasi, degenerasi, dan nekrosis secara histopatologi pada hati mencit. Dosis yang lebih tinggi diberikan untuk mendapatkan tingkatan yang semakin parah pada perubahan patologisnya.
Workplace bullying in healthcare facilities: Role of caste and reservation
Authors: Barua Mrinal Prakash , Verma Anita
Published: November 2020

Medical education in India is afflicted with a culture of abuse and workplace bullying of junior doctors and medical students. This abuse is often rationalised on grounds of so-called high standards of healthcare delivery. Poor standards of work sometimes get attributed to caste-based reservations vs admissions based on “merit” due to elitist mindsets that prevail in our society. The cycle of abuse that goes on in medical colleges is incorporated (though not in a legal sense) into its hierarchical structure. Focussing attention only on casteism tends to overshadow the bullying of doctors and medical students by their senior colleagues at the workplace.
Techniques of Transcriptomic and Proteomic Data Integration
Authors: Patil Janardan , Len Li , Bharat Abhinav , Li Xi
Published: November 2020

As of not long ago, understanding the administrative conduct of cells has been sought after through autonomous investigation of the transcriptome or the proteome. In view of the focal creed, it was commonly accepted that there exist an immediate correspondence between mRNA records and produced protein articulations. In any case, late examinations have demonstrated that the relationship among's mRNA and Protein articulations can be low because of different factors, for example, unique half lives and post record apparatus. In this manner, a joint investigation of the transcriptomic and proteomic information can give valuable experiences that may not be translated from singular examination of mRNA or protein articulations. This article audits the current significant methodologies for joint investigation of transcriptomic and proteomic information. We order the various methodologies into eight primary classes dependent on the underlying calculation and last investigation objective. We further present analogies with different spaces and talk about the current exploration issues around there.
The Impact of Intellectual Capital Configuration on Diversification in Banking Industry: Evidence from Indonesia
Authors: Aiyubi Rangga Yusuf , Chalid Dony Abdul
Published: November 2020

"Research Aims: This study aims to examine the impact of Intellectual Capital configuration on business diversification in Indonesian banking Industry Design/methodology/approach: This reseach employ panel data regression analysis, using data of 88 commercial banks in Indonesia druing the year of 2014 to 2019. Research Findings: The results of this study shows that Human Capital Efficiency and Structural Capital Efficiency affects the strategy of income diversification. While Capital Employed Efficiency affects the strategy of asset diversification. The results Theoretical Contribution/Originality: Previous research more focus on the effect of diversification on performance. Researche on how the internal capital of an organization affects the level of diversification in the banking industry is still limited. Using a country context where the banks are very heterogeneous (both in terms of size and intellectual capacity), this research can analyze how these differences affect the level of diversification. Managerial Implication in the South East Asian context: the aspects of human resources and internal processes greatly affect the diversification of banking products. Furthermore, diversification of bank assets will be strongly influenced by working capital, which is currently a concern for financial services authorities in some Asian countries. Research limitation & implications: The indicators used to measure intellectual capital in this study rely more on financial information in the financial statements. This indicator does not measure directly the intellectual capital of a bank organization."
The Effect of Muslim Religiosity and Innovation Capability on Firm Survival: A Study on Small Enterprises During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Utomo Humam Santosa
Published: November 2020

This research aimed to examine and analyze the effect of Muslim religiosity and innovation capability on firm survival. Also, this research investigated the moderation role of environmental uncertainty on the effect of Muslim religiosity and innovation capability on firm survival. The study was conducted during the covid-19 pandemic. The analysis unit of this research was the owners of processed food small enterprises fostered by the regional government of Bantul Regency, Yogyakarta. The number of respondents involved in this research was 120 Muslim entrepreneurs. Data were collected using closed questionnaires distributed online, than processed using SEM-WarpPLS. The results showed that the Muslim religiosity and innovation capability significantly affected firm survival. Environmental uncertainty significantly weakened the effect of innovation capability on firm survival. However, environmental uncertainty insignificantly weakened the effect of Muslim religiosity on firm survival. These research results indicate the importance of religious formation for small entrepreneurs in this crisis time. Innovation is also important in increasing the firm survival of small companies during the covid-19 pandemic. 
The Stability of the Indonesian Sharia Stock Index to Economic Shocks
Authors: Mubarok Faizul , Al Arif Mohammad Nur Rianto , Mufraini Muhammad Arief
Published: November 2020

The stock market has a strategic role in the development of a country's economy in the era of globalization, including the Islamic stock market. The rapid growth of the Islamic stock market, especially in developing countries, is a historical record in Indonesia's financial sector. This study aims to analyze the factors that influence the return of the Indonesian Sharia Stock Index (ISSI) in the short and long term, how long shocks occur, and how much the contribution of these factors. This study uses monthly time series data from January 2012 to December 2019 using the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) method. VECM estimation results show the price of gold has a significant effect on the short and long term, while inflation has an impact on a long time. ISSI's return quickly reaches stability when it receives a shock from the exchange rate. The price of gold dominates the diversity of ISSI's performances. Stakeholders should consider several things that affect the ISSI return, pay attention to the economic climate, and anticipate quickly the shock that occurs.
The Effect Digitalization Zakat Payment Against Potential of Zakat Acceptance in National Amil Zakat Agency
Authors: Utami Pertiwi , Suryanto Tulus , Nasor M. , Ghofur Ruslan Abdul
Published: November 2020

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of digitalization zakat payments on the potential for zakat acceptance at the BAZNAS Jakarta center. The originality of this research lies in the digitalization analysis of zakat payments to increase the potential for receiving BAZNAS center based on sharia economic approaches, and digital technology theory. The research method used is associative quantitative using a simple linear regression analysis technique with a sample size of 170 respondents selected based on purposive sampling technique. From the results of data analysis using SPSS 19.0, an R-value of 74.8% was obtained, which means that the relationship between the digitalization of zakat payments and the potential for receiving zakat at the BAZNAS is strong.  The findings show that the digitalization variable of zakat payment or zakat payment (X) influences the potential for zakat receipt (Y) of 55.9%, and the remaining 40.1% is influenced by other factors not considered. Based on the results of deepening between the theory and practice of digital zakat revealed that the challenges in efforts to increase the potential for digital zakat acceptance in Indonesia are internet access which is still weak and uneven in Indonesian territory, building an 'attachment' relationship between mustahiq, muzzaki and BAZNAS, and the application of principles of sharia in the management of zakat. Therefore, the research explains the strategies that can be done to answer the challenges of digital zakat.
Board Characteristics, Type of Insurance and Performance In Indonesia Sharia Insurance Companies
Authors: Endraswati Hikmah , Cahya Bayu Tri
Published: November 2020

The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of the board characteristics on the performance of Indonesia sharia insurance companies with insurance types as moderating variable. The board characteristics in this study are the size of board directors, the size of board commissioners, the proportion of women in board directors, and the proportion of women in board commissioners. This study uses 22 sharia insurance business units as a sample with the periode of 2014-2019. We use purposive sampling as a sampling technique. Multiple regression with split sample is used in this research as technical analysis. The results showed that the size of the board directors influence performance negatively. In addition, the type of insurance moderate the influence size of board directors and the proportion of women as directors on performance. There are differences for size of the board of commissioners and the proportion of women as board commissioners.
The Critical Role of Aromatic-Aromatic Drug-Polymer Interactions to Provide Nanomedicines Containing Chloroquine: A Simple Proposal to Provide High Encapsulation, High Stability, and Prolonged Drug Release
Authors: Villamizar-Sarmiento María Gabriela , Moreno-Villoslada Ignacio , Oyarzun-Ampuero Felipe
Published: November 2020

Background: Chloroquine (CQ) is a drug commonly used to treat malaria. CQ has also gained interest for the treatment of other chronic diseases such as arthritis, lupus, cancer, diabetes, atherosclerosis, and dermatomyositis, among others. Since CQ is hydrophilic and low molecular-weight, attractive interactions with polymers in aqueous medium are weaker than with water, so that low encapsulation together with uncontrolled and fast release is observed. Importantly, a long-term administration of CQ is suggested, thus the development of formulations with controlled and prolonged release is desirable. Results: Here we propose the use of aromatic interactions between the cationic CQ and the FDA approved polymer poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) (PSS) for the formation and stabilization of nanoparticles (NPs). The strategy consists on the simple mixture of two aqueous solutions containing the oppositelly charged molecules. UV-vis and NMR spectroscopy evidence intimate aromatic-aromatic interactions between CQ and PSS. CQ/PSS molar ratios from 0.2 to 0.5 allow obtaining NPs with spherical shape, size in the range of 170-410 nm, zeta potential from -18 to -45 mV, and particles number in the range of 0.9 - 6.6 x 1010 NPs/mL. Selected NPs (CQ/PSS molar ratio 0.4) are stable to wide variations in ionic strength (0-200 mM), pH (2-10) and temperature (20-50 °C). In addition, CQ/polymer 0.4 was also tested but with the absence of the aromatic group in the polymer, and providing smaller (70 nm), lower-concentrated (6.1 x 109 NPs/mL), and unstable particles, confirming the key role of the aromatic group. Furthermore, CQ/PSS NPs are stable during months and can be converted to a reconstitutable powder. Importantly, the selected NPs (CQ/PSS 0.4) show full drug association efficiency (100 %), very high drug loading (49 %), very high yield (89 %), and evidencing a drug entrapment/release governed by kinetic associations (≈99 %). Finally, release studies evidence a controlled and prolonged delivery. Conclusions: Considering the potential uses of CQ for chronic diseases, and the simplicity and efficiency of our proposal, it could be considered as a valuable alternative to developed nanomedicines. In addition, this strategy could be used for other drugs and polymers showing similar characteristics to CQ and PSS.
A m6A-related lncRNA Signature as a Novel Prognostic Factor for Gastric Cancer
Authors: Wang Haixu , Meng Qingkai , Ma Bin
Published: November 2020

Background: N6-methyladenosine (m6A)isa common form of mRNA modification regulated by m6A RNA methylation regulators. However, studies have not explored the role of m6A-related lncRNA in gastric cancer (GC). This study aimed atexploring biological and prognostic roles of m6A-related lncRNA in GC. Methods: We identified 800 m6A-related lncRNAs through correlation analysis of 13 main m6A RNA methylation regulators and all lncRNAs expressed in GC. We further categorized patients into train group and testing group equally. Results: A total of 11 m6A-related lncRNA signature associated with prognosis of GC were identified through univariate cox regression analysis and LASSO analysis which was validated using the testing dataset and complete dataset, respectively. More deaths and shorter survival time were reported for patients in the high-risk group compared to low-risk group. lncRNA signature is an independent prognosis predictor as shown by cox regression analysis of the complete dataset. Moreover, genes involved in base excision repair were highly expressed in patients in the high-risk group as shown by gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) result whereas ECM receptor interaction and focal adhesion pathway were enriched in low-risk group. A nomogram on independent factors showed clinical net benefit asan overall survival predictor of GC. In addition, we identified four subgroups of GC patients with significant differences in overall survival (OS).Subgroup C1 and C2 responded well to immunotherapy, compared to subgroup C3 and C4. Conclusions: m6A-related lncRNA signature and four molecular subgroups provide information on the underlying molecular mechanism of GC and provide for a basis for development ofpersonalized therapy.
A Novel Two-Level Rate Control Algorithm Based on Visual Attention for 360-Degree Video for Versatile Video Coding Standard
Authors: Roodaki Hoda
Published: November 2020

360-degree video is providing users with an interactive experience to explore the scenes freely. But, because only a small portion of the entire video, called viewport, is watched at every point in time, transmitting the entire video is bandwidth-consuming. Since, the perceptual quality of such video mainly depends on the quality of the viewport, more bandwidth should be assigned to these important parts of the scene. Hence, understanding how people observe and explore 360-degree content is essential. In this paper, we propose a new Two-level rate control algorithm which tries to allocate more bits for encoding the viewport parts of a 360-degree video. The head and eye movements of the observers is used to investigate the visual attention of people to detect the viewports. Then, a Coding Tree Unit (CTU) level rate assignment approach is proposed to assign a proper number of bits to each CTU of the viewport and non-viewport parts. It is assumed that higher motion complexity results in higher bitrates of the encoded video. So, we propose to assign the proper number of bits to each CTU according to its motion complexity. Another novel part of our proposed approach is proposing a new metric to parameterize the motion complexity of each CTU using the high-order motion models in Versatile Video Coding (VVC) standard. Experimental results show that our proposed rate control, on average, achieves 58.27% reduction in bitrate in the Bjøntegaard-Bitrate scales, compared to the standard VCC standard. Furthermore, the proposed scheme provides a significantly better subjective viewing quality compared to the-state-of-the-art methods.
Incidence of Anterior Uveitis in Patients with Axial Spondyloarthritis Treated with Anti-TNF or Anti-IL17A: A Systematic Review, A Pairwise and Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Roche Damien , Badard Martin , Boyer Laurent , Lafforgue Pierre , Pham Thao
Published: November 2020

Background: Anterior uveitis (AU) is the most frequent extra-articular feature of axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA). We aimed to assess and compare the incidence of AU in axSpA patients treated with anti-TNF or anti-IL17A. Methods: We systematically reviewed PubMed, EMBase and Cochrane from inception to May 3, 2020, and searched for placebo-controlled and head-to-head randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing anti-TNF monoclonal antibodies (mAb) or soluble receptor fusion protein or anti-IL17A in patients with axSpA according to ASAS criteria and reporting safety data on AU. Data were extracted following a predefined protocol. We did pairwise and network meta-analyses for the primary outcome of AU flares (relapse or de novo) incidence and estimated summary odds ratios (ORs). We assessed the quality of evidence using the Cochrane risk-of-bias 2.0 tool. We ranked treatments according to their effectiveness in preventing AU flare using the P-score.Results: We identified 752 citations and included 33 RCTs, comprising 4544 treated patients (anti-TNF mAb: 2101, etanercept [ETN]: 699, anti-IL17A: 1744) and 2497 placebo-receiving patients. Incidence of uveitis was lower with anti-TNF mAb versus placebo (OR = 0.46; CI95% [0.24; 0.90]) and versus anti-IL17A (OR = 0.34; CI95% [0.12; 0.92]. According to the P-score, the ranking from the most to the least preventive treatment of uveitis flare was as follows: anti-TNF mAb, ETN, placebo, anti-IL17A. Conclusion: In RCTs assessing anti-TNF and anti-IL17A in axSpA, incident uveitis are rare events. However, this network meta-analysis demonstrates that anti-TNF mAb are associated with a lower incidence of uveitis compared to placebo and anti-IL17A.
Giant cells in temporal artery biopsies are associated with a reduced risk of large vessel involvement in patients with giant cell arteritis : a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Naderi Nazanin , Mohammad Aladdin , Wadström Karin , Willim Minna , Nilsson Jan-Åke , Turesson Carl
Published: November 2020

Background: Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is a systemic disease with extensive vascular involvement. There is limited and conflicting information on the relation between patient characteristics at diagnosis and future disease phenotypes. We aimed to investigate predictors of time dependent large vessel involvement (LVI) in a population-based cohort of patients with GCA. Methods: GCA patients with positive temporal artery biopsies (TAB) between 1997and 2010 were identified through a regional pathology register. A structured review of histopathology reports and relevant imaging studies was performed. Cases with LVI through July 2016 were identified. Patients were followed to first LVI, death, migration from the area or July 29, 2016. Event free survival by clinical and histopathologic features was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Potential predictors of LVI were examined using Cox regression models.Results: A total of 274 patients were included. The mean age at GCA diagnosis was 75.7 years. Fifty-one patients (19 %) had documented LVI during the follow-up, corresponding to an incidence rate of 2.4/100 person-years. The median time from GCA diagnosis to the diagnosis of LVI was 4.5 years (interquartile range 0.6-7.4). Thirty-four patients had aortic involvement (67% of those with LVI; 12% of all GCA cases). Survival free of LVI was longer in patients with giant cells in the TAB (75th percentile 14.0 vs 6.7 years; p=0.014). In age-adjusted analysis, the presence of giant cells in the TAB was associated with reduced risk of LVI (hazard ratio 0.48; 95 % confidence interval 0.27-0.86). Conclusions: The negative association with giant cells in the TAB suggests that patients with LVI constitute a subset of GCA with particular disease mechanisms. This underlines the heterogeneity of GCA, which should be further explored in prospective studies.
Mitotic spindle organizing protein 2A (MZT2A) promotes NSCLC cell viability and invasion by upregulating galectin-3-binding protein (LGALS3BP), increases AKT phosphorylation via the MOZART2 domain and predicts poor NSCLC prognosis
Authors: Wang Huanxi , Jiang Xizi , Cheng Yu , Hu Yujiao , Zhang Yao , Su Hongbo , Zou Zifang , Wang Qiongzi , Ren Hongjiu , Liu Zongang , Zhang Jiameng , Qiu Xueshan
Published: November 2020

Background: Mitotic spindle organizing protein 2A (MZT2A) is localized at the centrosome and regulates microtubule nucleation activity in cells. This study assessed the role of MZT2A in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: Differential MZT2A expression was bioinformatically assessed using the Cancer Genome Atlas database, Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis database, and Kaplan-Meier survival data to determine the association between MZT2A expression and NSCLC prognosis. Furthermore, NSCLC tissue specimens from 132 patients were evaluated with immunohistochemistry. MZT2A was overexpressed or knocked down in NSCLC cells using cDNA and siRNA, respectively. The cells were subjected to various assays and treated with the selective Akt inhibitor LY294002 or co-transfected with galectin-3-binding protein (LGALS3BP) siRNA. Result: The levels of MZT2A mRNA and protein were upregulated in NSCLC lesions and MTZ2A expression was associated with larger tumor size, lymph node metastasis, and advanced TNM stages for NSCLC as well as poor NSCLC prognosis. MZT2A protein was also highly expressed in NSCLC cells compared to the expression in normal bronchial cells. MZT2A expression promoted NSCLC cell viability and invasion, whereas MTZ2A siRNA had the opposite effects on NSCLC cells in vitro. At the protein level, MZT2A induced Akt phosphorylation, promoting NSCLC proliferation and invasion (but the selective Akt inhibitor blocked these effects) through the upregulation of LGALS3BP via the MTZ2A MOZART2 domain, whereas LGALS3BP siRNA suppressed MTZ2A activity in NSCLC cells.Conclusions: MZT2A exhibits oncogenic activity by activating LGALS3BP and Akt in NSCLC. Future studies will assess MTZ2A as a biomarker to predict NSCLC prognosis or as a target to control NSCLC progression.
Deep Learning for Locally Advanced Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Prognostication Based on Pre- and Post-treatment MRI
Authors: Li Song , Deng Yu-Qin , Hua Hong-Li , Li Sheng-Lan , Chen Xi-Xiang , Xie Bao-Jun , Zhu Zhiling , Liu Ruoyun , Huang Jin , Tao Ze-Zhang
Published: November 2020

Background: Although it has been reported by several studies that using AI to predict the prognosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) based on magnetic resonance (MR) image, the information around the tumor was not valued and the post-treatment MR images were ignored. Herein we aimed to predict the prognosis of advanced NPC (stage Ⅲ-Ⅳa) using pre- and post-treatment MR images based on deep learning (DL).Methods: A total of 206 patients with primary NPC who were diagnosed and treated at the Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University between June 2012 and January 2018 were retrospectively selected. A rectangular region of interest (ROI), which included the tumor area, surrounding tissues and organs, was delineated on each pre- and post-treatment MR image. Two InceptionResnetV2-based transfer learning models, named pre-model and post-model, were trained with the Pre-dataset and the Post-dataset, respectively. In addition, an ensemble learning model based on the pre-model and post-models was trained. The three established models were evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, confusion matrix, and Harrell’s concordance indices (C-index) after the model test. High-risk-related heat maps were developed according to the DL models.Results: The pre-model, post-model, and ensemble models displayed a C-index of 0.717 (95% CI: 0.639 to 0.795), 0.811 (95% CI: 0.745–0.877), 0.830 (95% CI: 0.767–0.893), and AUC of 0.745 (95% CI: 0.592–0.897), 0.820 (95% CI: 0.687–0.953), and 0.841 (95% CI: 0.715–0.968) for the test cohort, respectively. In comparison with the models, the post-model performance was better than the pre-model, which indicated the importance of post-treatment images for prognosis prediction. All three DL models performed better than the TNM staging system. The captured features presented on heat maps showed that the areas around the tumor and lymph nodes were related to the prognosis of the tumor.Conclusions: The three established DL models based on pre- and post-treatment MR images have a better performance than TNM staging. Post-treatment MR images are of great significance for prognosis prediction and could contribute to clinical decision-making.
Maternal Experience of Intermittent Kangaroo Mother Care for Late Preterm Infants: A Mixed-Methods Study in Four Postnatal Wards in China
Authors: Zhang Bo , Yue Jieya , Duan Zhiying , Zhao Yingxi , Williams Sarah , Huang Limin , Zhang Xiaoqin , Wu Wenli , Zhang Lin , Liu Jun , Zhao Gengli
Published: November 2020

Objective: To describe how mothers of late preterm infants experienced provision of intermittent kangaroo mother care (KMC) on four postnatal wards in different hospitals in China under a pilot KMC project.Methods: We used a concurrent mixed-methods approach incorporating quantitative and qualitative data. We collected quantitative data covering delivery and maternal experience of and attitude to KMC from 752 mothers who provided KMC to their late preterm newborns on the postnatal wards of four hospitals in different provinces of China. We gathered data from hospital records and maternal questionnaires. Qualitative data was collected from ten semi-structured interviews with nurses, obstetricians, and mothers from two of the participating postnatal wards. We used descriptive analysis for quantitative data and general inductive analysis for qualitative data.Results: Most mothers had not heard of KMC before being introduced to it on the postnatal ward. On average, mothers and newborns stayed on postnatal wards for 3.6 days: during their stay mothers provided an average of 3.5 KMC sessions, an average of 1.1 sessions a day. Each KMC session lasted an average of 68 minutes though there was much variation in length. Common reasons given for discontinuing a KMC session included restroom use, infant crying, and perceived time limitations. Some mothers would have preferred to provide KMC for longer periods of time and nurses encouraged this. Most mothers experienced no difficulty providing KMC, received support from family and medical staff and intended to continue KMC post discharge.Conclusion: In order to improve maternal experience of KMC it is recommended that awareness raising of KMC be included in antenatal care and after birth, longer periods of KMC provision be encouraged, greater privacy be provided for mothers providing KMC on postnatal wards and family members be encouraged to support KMC.