bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Iodine Biofortification of Apples and Pears in an Orchard Using Foliar Sprays of Different Composition
Authors: Budke Christoph , Dierend Werner , Schön Hans-Georg , Hora Katja , Mühling Karl Hermann , Daum Diemo
Published: February 2021

Many people across the world suffer from iodine (I) deficiency and related diseases. The I content in plant-based foods is particularly low, but can be enhanced by agronomic biofortification. Therefore, in this study two field experiments were conducted under orchard conditions to assess the potential of I biofortification of apples and pears by foliar fertilization. Fruit trees were sprayed at various times during the growing season with solutions containing I in different concentrations and forms. In addition, tests were carried out to establish whether the effect of I sprays can be improved by co-application of potassium nitrate (KNO3) and sodium selenate (Na2SeO4). Iodine accumulation in apple and pear fruits was dose-dependent, with a stronger response to potassium iodide (KI) than potassium iodate (KIO3). In freshly harvested apple and pear fruits, 51% and 75% of the biofortified iodine was localized in the fruit peel, respectively. The remaining I was translocated into the fruit flesh, with a maximum of 3% reaching the core. Washing apples and pears with running deionized water reduced their I content by 14%. To achieve the targeted accumulation level of 50–100 μg I per 100 g fresh mass in washed and unpeeled fruits, foliar fertilization of 1.5 kg I per hectare and meter canopy height was required when KIO3was applied. The addition of KNO3and Na2SeO4to I-containing spray solutions did not affect the I content in fruits. However, the application of KNO3increased the total soluble solids content of the fruits by up to 1.0 °Brix compared to the control, and Na2SeO4in the spray solution increased the fruit selenium (Se) content. Iodine sprays caused leaf necrosis, but without affecting the development and marketing quality of the fruits. Even after three months of cold storage, no adverse effects of I fertilization on general fruit characteristics were observed, however, I content of apples decreased by 20%.
In the Eye of the Covid-19 Storm: A Web-Based Survey of Psychological Distress Among People Living in Lombardy
Authors: Saita Emanuela , Facchin Federica , Pagnini Francesco , Molgora Sara
Published: February 2021

In March 2020, the World Health Organization announced the Covid-19 outbreak a pandemic and restrictive measures were enacted by the Governments to fight the spread of the virus. In Italy, these measures included a nationwide lockdown, with limited exceptions including grocery shopping, certain work activities, and healthcare. Consistently with findings from previous studies investigating the psychological impact of similar pandemics [e.g., Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)], there is evidence that Covid-19 is associated with negative mental health outcomes. Given this background, we conducted a cross-sectional study aimed at investigating the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic and the subsequent restrictive measures imposed by the Government on the psychological health of Italian men and women aged = 18 years and living in Lombardy, one of the worst-hit regions. The study also aimed at identifying what factors are associated with specific psychological outcomes. Thus, we developed an online survey that included a researcher-made questionnaire to collect sociodemographic, household, general health, and pandemic-related information. The Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and the Perceived Stress Scale were used to assess anxiety, depression, and perceived stress, respectively. We found that younger age, greater concerns about the pandemic, female gender, being unmarried, not having children, and being a student were associated with worse psychological health. These findings may provide further insight into the risk factors associated with negative psychological outcomes during the current pandemic, with identification of vulnerable groups. This body of evidence may help professionals implement targeted psychosocial treatment and prevention programs.
Abusive Sexting in Adolescence: Prevalence and Characteristics of Abusers and Victims
Authors: Barroso Ricardo , Ramião Eduarda , Figueiredo Patrícia , Araújo Alexandra M.
Published: February 2021

Sexting has been defined as sending, receiving, or forwarding sexually explicit messages, images, or photos to others through digital platforms, and can assume more consensual or more abusive and violent forms. This study aims to explore the prevalence of abusive sexting in Portuguese adolescents and the psychological characteristics of sexting abusers in terms of emotional and behavioral problems, potential markers of psychopathy, childhood trauma and maltreatment, and different forms of aggression. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 4,281 participants, aged 12–20 years (2,264 girls and 2,017 boys), of whom 204 (4.8%) engaged in abusive sexting behaviors and 182 (4.3%) self-identified as being a non-consensual sexting victim. Abusive sexting was more common among boys and middle adolescents, and abusive sexting victims were more likely to be children of single-parent families. Engaging in abusive sexting and being a victim of abusive sexting were also related to behavioral and emotional problems, callousness, experiences of neglect and abuse in childhood, and various forms of aggression. Implications for future research and intervention are discussed.
Dealing With COVID-19 Patients: A Moderated Mediation Model of Exposure to Patients' Death and Mental Health of Italian Health Care Workers
Authors: Portoghese Igor , Galletta Maura , Meloni Federico , Piras Ilenia , Finco Gabriele , D'Aloja Ernesto , Campagna Marcello
Published: February 2021

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic is asking health care workers (HCWs) to meet extraordinary challenges. In turn, HCWs were experiencing tremendous psycho-social crisis as they have had to deal with unexpected emotional requirements (ERs) arising from caring for suffering and dying patients on a daily basis. In that context, recent studies have highlighted how HCWs working during the COVID-19 outbreak manifested extreme emotional and behavioral reactions that may have impacted their mental health, increasing the risk for developing post-traumatic stress symptoms.

Purpose: The aim of the study was to investigate post-traumatic stress symptoms, such as intrusion symptoms, as a potential mediator of the link between ERs and crying at work, and whether rumination moderates the relationship between ERs and intrusion-based PTS symptoms among HCWs who have had to deal with patients dying from COVID-19.

Methods: An online cross-sectional study design was performed. A total of 543 Italian HCWs (physicians and nurses) participated in the study. Participation was voluntary and anonymous. We used the SPSS version of bootstrap-based PROCESS macro for testing the moderated mediation model.

Results: ERs had an indirect effect on crying at work through the mediating role of intrusion symptoms. Results from the moderated mediation model showed that rumination moderated the indirect effect of ERs on crying at work via intrusion symptoms, and this effect was significant only for high rumination. Furthermore, when we tested for an alternative model where rumination moderates the direct effect of ERs on crying at work, this moderation was not significant.

Conclusions: As the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic is ongoing, there is an urgent need for decision-makers to rapidly implement interventions aimed at offering timely psychological support to HCWs, especially in those contexts where the risk of emotional labor associated to patients dying from COVID-19 is higher.
A Biopsychosocial Approach to Understanding Panic Buying: Integrating Neurobiological, Attachment-Based, and Social-Anthropological Perspectives
Authors: Rajkumar Ravi Philip
Published: February 2021

The global COVID-19 pandemic has focused the attention of researchers, civil authority and the general public on the phenomenon of “panic buying,” characterized by the excessive purchase of specific materials—particularly food and hygiene-related products—in anticipation of an expected shortage. This phenomenon has been well-documented in response to several natural and man-made disasters, but its global scope and severity in the context of COVID-19 are unprecedented. This response can negatively impact health, food security, and disease prevention efforts. Attempts to modify such behaviors are more likely to succeed if they are based on insights from both the biomedical and the social sciences. From a biological perspective, the phenomenological overlap between panic buying and psychological disorders such as hoarding disorder and compulsive buying raises the possibility of a shared neurobiological underpinning. Evolutionary models suggest that these behaviors represent an attempt to enhance individual and group survival in the face of a threatened scarcity of resources. These phenomena may be influenced by specific genetic variants which are also implicated in hoarding-related psychological disorders. From a psychological perspective, attachment theory provides a conceptual framework that serves as a bridge between prior life adversity, current deprivation, and an increased attachment to material objects. Such a framework is of relevance when considering panic buying during the COVID-19 pandemic, which has been associated with significant disruptions in attachment bonds. From a social-anthropological perspective, hoarding and related behaviors have been associated with social exclusion and rejection, as well a lack of social support. These risk factors have affected large sections of the general population in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and the governmental responses to it. This perspective also emphasizes the symbolic significance of the hoarded objects themselves. In this paper, an attempt is made to integrate these three perspectives and thereby formulate a biopsychosocial model of panic buying in response to this global health crisis. The existing scientific literature on panic buying is examined in the light of this model. Finally, suggestions are proposed as to how this model might inform social strategies aimed at preventing or reducing panic buying.
Through the Open Window: How Does the Brain Talk to the Body?
Authors: Gordon Ludmila , Levkowitz Gil
Published: February 2021

The brain controls the activities of the body, including food digestion, drinking, sleep cycles, temperature, blood pressure, and more. These functions are essential to keep the body in homeostasis, which is the state of being steady and balanced. To control homeostasis, the brain talks to the body with the help of chemical messengers called hormones. Hormones travel through the blood stream from the brain to the body and back. However, in order to protect the delicate brain cells from unwanted intrusions, the blood vessels of the brain are tightly sealed, preventing the passage of most molecules. How, then, does the brain bypass this barrier to communicate with the body? The answer is that, in certain parts of the brain, the blood vessels contain special window-like openings that allow passage of hormones. Scientists are investigating why and how some blood vessels open their windows while others remain sealed.
Case Report: Subclinical Verminous Pneumonia and High Ambient Temperatures Had Severe Impact on the Anesthesia of Semi-domesticated Eurasian Tundra Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus) With Medetomidine–Ketamine
Authors: Tryland Morten , Josefsen Terje D. , Sánchez Romano Javier , Marcin Nina , Mørk Torill , Arnemo Jon M.
Published: February 2021

Semidomesticated Eurasian tundra reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus, n= 21) were scheduled twice for chemical immobilization with medetomidine–ketamine as part of a scientific experiment in June 2014. During the first round of immobilizations, seven animals developed severe respiratory depression (RD). Three individuals died, and 4 recovered. The ambient temperature during the 2 days of immobilization (June 3 and 4) was high (mean 13.9–17.6°C) compared to the normal mean temperature for these 2 days (7–8°C) based on statistical records. During the second round of immobilizations, using the same anesthetic protocol for the remaining animals as in the first round but conducted under cooler conditions (mean 6.6°C for the period June 9–18), no signs of RD were observed. Clinical and pathological investigations indicated that the animals suffered from circulatory changes possibly caused by high ambient temperatures and granulomatous interstitial pneumonia due toElaphostrongylus rangiferilarvae. These conditions, together with the cardiovascular effects of medetomidine, were likely causes of RD and the fatal outcome. We conclude that chemical immobilization of reindeer with medetomidine–ketamine should be avoided in May–June due to the potential risk when animals partly in winter coats encounter rising ambient temperatures and usually have parasites developing in their airways.
Role of MicroRNAs in Protective Effects of Forsythoside A Against Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation in Bovine Endometrial Stromal Cells
Authors: Lv Haimiao , Yan Chenbo , Deng Lixin , Peng Zhan , Yang Dexin , Hu Wenjv , Ding Xuefen , Tong Chao , Wang Xinzhuang
Published: February 2021

Bovine endometrial stromal cells (bESCs) are exposed to a complex environment of bacteria and viruses due to the rupture of epithelial cells after delivery. Inflammatory responses are elicited by the activation of host pattern recognition receptors through pathogen-related molecules such as lipopolysaccharides (LPS) on the cell membrane. Forsythoside A (FTA) is a major active constituent of Forsythia suspensa (Thunb.) Vahl. is a flowering plant widely employed as a traditional Chinese herbal medicine to treat various inflammatory diseases such as nephritis, eye swelling, scabies, ulcers, and mastitis; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying its therapeutic effects on bovine endometritis are still unclear. The aim of this study was to explore the role of miRNA and the mechanisms underlying the protective activity of FTA on the inflammation of bovine endometrial stromal cells induced by LPS. Based on previous research, we isolated and cultured bESCs in vitro and categorized them into LPS and LPS+FTA groups with three replicates. Upon reaching 80% confluence, the bESCs were treated with 0.5 μg/mL of LPS or 0.5 μg/mL of LPS + 100 μg/mL of FTA. We, then, performed high-throughput sequencing (RNA-Seq) to investigate the effects of FTA on LPS-stimulated primary bESCs and their underlying mechanisms. We identified 167 miRNAs differentially expressed in the LPS groups; 72 miRNAs were up-regulated, and 95 were down-regulated. Gene ontology enrichment analysis revealed that differentially expressed microRNA (DEGs) were most enriched during the cellular metabolic process; they were mostly located intracellularly and participated in protein, enzyme, and ion binding. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis revealed that the DEGs were most enriched in the mitogen-activated protein kinase, tumor necrosis factor, and Interleukin-17 signaling pathways. These results reveal the complex molecular mechanism involved in the FTA and provide a basis for future studies of bovine endometritis treatment with traditional Chinese medicine monomer.
A Novel Co-Phase Power Supply System for Electrified Railway Based on V Type Connection Traction Transformer
Authors: Xie Shaofeng , Zhang Yiming , Wang Hui
Published: February 2021

Power quality and neutral section are two technical problems that hinder the development of electrified railway to high-speed and heavy railway. The co-phase power supply technology is one of the best ways to solve these two technical problems. At present, a V type connection traction transformer is widely used in a power frequency single-phase AC traction power supply system, especially in high-speed railway. In this paper, a new type of co-phase power supply system for electrified railway based on V type connection traction transformer is proposed. One single-phase winding in the V type connection traction transformer is used as main power supply channel, and three ports are used as compensation ports. Neutral section is no longer set with traction substation, and the train is continuously powered through. The independent single-phase Static Var Generators (SVGs) are used to compensate the three-phase imbalance caused by single-phase traction load. When necessary, the power factor can be improved at the same time. The principle, structure, control strategy, and capacity configuration of the technical scheme are analyzed in this paper, and the effectiveness of the scheme is verified by using the measured data of electrified railway. The advantage of this scheme lies in the universal applicability of the V type connection traction transformer, and the flexibility of the SVG device.
Constitutive Behavior and Mechanical Failure of Internal Configuration in Prismatic Lithium-Ion Batteries under Mechanical Loading
Authors: Li Zhijie , Chen Jiqing , Lan Fengchong , Li Yigang
Published: February 2021

Internal short circuits and thermal runaway in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are mainly caused by deformation-induced failures in their internal components. Understanding the mechanisms of mechanical failure in the internal materials is of much importance for the design of LIB pack safety. In this work, the constitutive behaviors and deformation-induced failures of these component materials were tested and simulated. The stress-strain constitutive models of the anode/cathode and the separator under uniaxial tensile and compressive loads were proposed, and maximum tensile strain failure criteria were used to simulate the failure behaviors on these materials under the biaxial indentations. In order to understand the deformation failure mechanisms of ultrathin and multilayer materials within the prismatic cell, a mesoscale layer element model (LEM) with a separator-cathode-separator-anode structure was constructed. The deformation failure of LEM under spherical punches of different sizes was analyzed in detail, and the results were experimentally verified. Furthermore, the n-layer LEM stacked structure numerical model was constructed to calculate the progressive failure mechanisms of cathodes and anodes under punches. The results of test and simulation show the fracture failure of the cathodes under local indentation will trigger the failure of adjacent layers successively, and the internal short circuits are ultimately caused by separator failure owing to fractures and slips in the electrodes. The results improve the understanding of the failure behavior of the component materials in prismatic lithium-ion batteries, and provide some safety suggestions for the battery structure design in the future.
Dishes Adapted to Dysphagia: Sensory Characteristics and Their Relationship to Hedonic Acceptance
Authors: Merino Gorka , Marín-Arroyo Maria Remedios , Beriain María José , Ibañez Francisco C.
Published: February 2021

Dishes whose texture has been modified for dysphagia undergo changes in other sensory characteristics as well. Therefore, it is necessary to identify these characteristics in adapted dishes and their relationship to hedonic acceptance. In the present work, the sensory characteristics of five dishes adapted to dysphagia associated with cerebral palsy were investigated using the check-all-that-apply method. A hedonic evaluation with a panel of non-dysphagic judges was performed to relate the degree of acceptance with the sensory characteristics of the adapted dishes. The identification of the original non-adapted dish as well as the relationship between the hedonic evaluation by non-dysphagic judges and dysphagic judges were explored. The main attributes of the dishes adapted to dysphagia were “homogeneity” and “easy-to-swallow”. Attributes that increased the hedonic evaluation were “flavorful”, “flavor of the original dish”, “soft texture”, “easy-to-swallow”, and “odor of the original dish”. The attributes that decreased the hedonic evaluation were “thick mash” and “bland”. The fish dish was the only one correctly identified more than 62.5% of the time. The adapted dishes received scores above 4.7 out of 9.0 in the hedonic evaluation. The most accepted dishes were the chicken stew and the chickpea stew. Except for the pasta dish, the test yielded similar results to those obtained with dysphagic judges. The texture-modified dishes were correctly characterized and accepted. This study shows that all the sensory characteristics of the adapted dishes are crucial for acceptance and identification.
(Dis)orientation, POV and the Virtual
Authors: Azar Mitra
Published: February 2021

This essay moves the first steps toward an understanding of the intricate intertwining between the notion of orientation and that of Point of View (POV) across the philosophy of Gilles Deleuze (and in his work with psychotherapist Felix Guattari), and revendicates their crucial role in relation to the concept of the virtual.
A Tuneable, Photocurable, Poly(Caprolactone)-Based Resin for Tissue Engineering—Synthesis, Characterisation and Use in Stereolithography
Authors: Field Jonathan , Haycock John W. , Boissonade Fiona M. , Claeyssens Frederik
Published: February 2021

Stereolithography is a useful additive manufacturing technique for the production of scaffolds for tissue engineering. Here we present a tuneable, easy-to-manufacture, photocurable resin for use in stereolithography, based on the widely used biomaterial, poly(caprolactone) (PCL). PCL triol was methacrylated to varying degrees and mixed with photoinitiator to produce a photocurable prepolymer resin, which cured under UV light to produce a cytocompatible material. This study demonstrates that poly(caprolactone) methacrylate (PCLMA) can be produced with a range of mechanical properties and degradation rates. By increasing the degree of methacrylation (DM) of the prepolymer, the Young’s modulus of the crosslinked PCLMA could be varied from 0.12–3.51 MPa. The accelerated degradation rate was also reduced from complete degradation in 17 days to non-significant degradation in 21 days. The additive manufacturing capabilities of the resin were demonstrated by the production of a variety of different 3D structures using micro-stereolithography. Here, β-carotene was used as a novel, cytocompatible photoabsorber and enabled the production of complex geometries by giving control over cure depth. The PCLMA presented here offers an attractive, tuneable biomaterial for the production of tissue engineering scaffolds for a wide range of applications.
Phytochemical Profile, Antioxidant Activity, and Cytotoxicity Assessment of Tagetes erecta L. Flowers
Authors: Burlec Ana Flavia , Pecio Łukasz , Kozachok Solomiia , Mircea Cornelia , Corciovă Andreia , Vereștiuc Liliana , Cioancă Oana , Oleszek Wiesław , Hăncianu Monica
Published: February 2021

Tagetes erecta L. is a popular ornamental plant of the Asteraceae family, which is widely cultivated not only for its decorative use, but also for the extraction of lutein. Besides carotenoid representatives, which have been extensively studied, other important classes of secondary metabolites present in the plant, such as polyphenols, could exhibit important biological activities. The phytochemical analysis of a methanolic extract obtained from T. erecta inflorescences was achieved using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS) techniques. The extract was further subjected to a multistep purification process, which allowed the separation of different fractions. The total extract and its fractions contain several polyphenolic compounds, such as hydroxybenzoic and hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives, flavonols (especially quercetagetin glycosides), and several aglycons (e.g., quercetin, patuletin). One of the fractions, containing mostly quercetagitrin, was subjected to two different antioxidant assays (metal chelating activity and lipoxygenase inhibition) and to in vitro cytotoxicity assessment. Generally, the biological assays showed promising results for the investigated fraction compared to the initial extract. Given the encouraging outcome of the in vitro assays, further purification and structural analysis of compounds from T. erecta extracts, as well as further in vivo investigations are justified.
Shape-Based Alignment of the Scanned Objects Concerning Their Asymmetric Aspects
Authors: Lucny Andrej , Dillinger Viliam , Kacurova Gabriela , Racev Marek
Published: February 2021

We introduce an integrated method for processing depth maps measured by a laser profile sensor. It serves for the recognition and alignment of an object given by a single example. Firstly, we look for potential object contours, mainly using the Retinex filter. Then, we select the actual object boundary via shape comparison based on Triangle Area Representation (TAR). We overcome the limitations of the TAR method by extension of its shape descriptor. That is helpful mainly for objects with symmetric shapes but other asymmetric aspects like squares with asymmetric holes. Finally, we use point-to-point pairing, provided by the extended TAR method, to calculate the 3D rigid affine transform that aligns the scanned object to the given example position. For the transform calculation, we design an algorithm that overcomes the Kabsch point-to-point algorithm’s accuracy and accommodates it for a precise contour-to-contour alignment. In this way, we have implemented a pipeline with features convenient for industrial use, namely production inspection.
The Optical Signal-to-Crosstalk Ratio for the MBA(N, e, g) Switching Fabric †
Authors: Rajewski Remigiusz
Published: February 2021

The banyan-type switching networks, well known in switching theory and called the logdN switching fabrics, are composed of symmetrical switching elements of size d×d. In turn, the modified baseline architecture, called the MBA(N,e,g), is only partially built from symmetrical optical switching elements, and it is constructed mostly from asymmetrical optical switching elements. Recently, it was shown that the MBA(N,e,g) structure requires a lower number of passive as well as active optical elements than the banyan-type switching fabric of the same capacity and functionality, which makes it an attractive solution. However, the optical signal-to-crosstalk ratio for the MBA(N,e,g) was not investigated before. Therefore, in this paper, the optical signal-to-crosstalk ratio in the MBA(N,e,g) was determined. Such crosstalk influences the output signal’s quality. Thus, if such crosstalk is lower, the signal quality is better. The switching fabric proposed in the author’s previous work has lower optical signal losses than a typical Beneš and banyan-type switching networks of this same capacity and functionality, which gives better quality of transmitted optical signals at the switching node’s output. The investigated MBA(N,e,g) architecture also contains one stage fewer than banyan-type network of the same capacity, which is an essential feature from the optical switching point of view.
Implementation of the NHI (Normalized Hot Spot Indices) Algorithm on Infrared ASTER Data: Results and Future Perspectives
Authors: Mazzeo Giuseppe , Ramsey Micheal S. , Marchese Francesco , Genzano Nicola , Pergola Nicola
Published: February 2021

The Normalized Hotspot Indices (NHI) tool is a Google Earth Engine (GEE)-App developed to investigate and map worldwide volcanic thermal anomalies in daylight conditions, using shortwave infrared (SWIR) and near infrared (NIR) data from the Multispectral Instrument (MSI) and the Operational Land Imager (OLI), respectively, onboard the Sentinel 2 and Landsat 8 satellites. The NHI tool offers the possibility of ingesting data from other sensors. In this direction, we tested the NHI algorithm for the first time on Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) data. In this study, we show the results of this preliminary implementation, achieved investigating the Kilauea (Hawaii, USA), Klyuchevskoy (Kamchatka; Russia), Shishaldin (Alaska; USA), and Telica (Nicaragua) thermal activities of March 2000–2008. We assessed the NHI detections through comparison with the ASTER Volcano Archive (AVA), the manual inspection of satellite imagery, and the information from volcanological reports. Results show that NHI integrated the AVA observations, with a percentage of unique thermal anomaly detections ranging between 8.8% (at Kilauea) and 100% (at Shishaldin). These results demonstrate the successful NHI exportability to ASTER data acquired before the failure of SWIR subsystem. The full ingestion of the ASTER data collection, available in GEE, within the NHI tool allows us to develop a suite of multi-platform satellite observations, including thermal anomaly products from Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) and Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+), which could support the investigation of active volcanoes from space, complementing information from other systems.
Reliability and Validity of Clinically Accessible Smart Glove Technologies to Measure Joint Range of Motion
Authors: Henderson Jeffrey , Condell Joan , Connolly James , Kelly Daniel , Curran Kevin
Published: February 2021

Capturing hand motions for hand function evaluations is essential in the medical field. For many allied health professionals, measuring joint range of motion (ROM) is an important skill. While the universal goniometer (UG) is the most used clinical tool for measuring joint ROM, developments in current sensor technology are providing clinicians with more measurement possibilities than ever. For rehabilitation and manual dexterity evaluations, different data gloves have been developed. However, the reliability and validity of sensor technologies when used within a smart device remain somewhat unclear. This study proposes a novel electronically controlled sensor monitoring system (ECSMS) to obtain the static and dynamic parameters of various sensor technologies for both data gloves and individual sensor evaluation. Similarly, the ECSMS was designed to closely mimic a human finger joint, to have total control over the joint, and to have an exceptionally high precision. In addition, the ECSMS device can closely mimic the movements of the finger from hyperextension to a maximum ROM beyond any person’s finger joint. Due to the modular design, the ECSMS’s sensor monitoring board is independent and extensible to include various technologies for examination. Additionally, by putting these sensory devices through multiple tests, the system accurately measures the characteristics of any rotary/linear sensor in and out of a glove. Moreover, the ECSMS tracks the movement of all types of sensors with respect to the angle values of finger joints. In order to demonstrate the effectiveness of sensory devices, the ECSMS was first validated against a recognised secondary device with an accuracy and resolution of 0.1°. Once validated, the system simultaneously determines real angles alongside the hand monitoring device or sensor. Due to its unique design, the system is independent of the gloves/sensors that were tested and can be used as a gold standard to realise more medical equipment/applications in the future. Consequently, this design greatly enhances testing measures within research contact and even non-contact systems. In conclusion, the ECSMS will benefit in the design of data glove technologies in the future because it provides crucial evidence of sensor characteristics. Similarly, this design greatly enhances the stability and maintainability of sensor assessments by eliminating unwanted errors. These findings provide ample evidence for clinicians to support the use of sensory devices that can calculate joint motion in place of goniometers.
Machine Learning for 5G MIMO Modulation Detection
Authors: Chikha Haithem Ben , Almadhor Ahmad , Khalid Waqas
Published: February 2021

Modulation detection techniques have received much attention in recent years due to their importance in the military and commercial applications, such as software-defined radio and cognitive radios. Most of the existing modulation detection algorithms address the detection dedicated to the non-cooperative systems only. In this work, we propose the detection of modulations in the multi-relay cooperative multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems for 5G communications in the presence of spatially correlated channels and imperfect channel state information (CSI). At the destination node, we extract the higher-order statistics of the received signals as the discriminating features. After applying the principal component analysis technique, we carry out a comparative study between the random committee and the AdaBoost machine learning techniques (MLTs) at low signal-to-noise ratio. The efficiency metrics, including the true positive rate, false positive rate, precision, recall, F-Measure, and the time taken to build the model, are used for the performance comparison. The simulation results show that the use of the random committee MLT, compared to the AdaBoost MLT, provides gain in terms of both the modulation detection and complexity.
Fall-Protection Harness Training: Donning Skill Improves with Up to Four Repetitions
Authors: Bunney Zachary , Jensen Roger C. , Autenrieth Daniel
Published: February 2021

Injuries and fatalities from falling remain a major occupational safety concern. Among the multiple tactics for preventing fatal falls is the use of personal fall protection involving wearing a harness connected to a secure anchor point. This requires training to ensure trainees understand the importance of fall protection and have the skill to implement it correctly. One important skill is donning a fall protection harness and adjusting the straps. Those who conduct training on fall protection need to coach trainees through the steps involved in donning a harness. This study was undertaken to learn the benefits of practicing with the guidance of a coach. The experiment had university student volunteers watch a training video twice and then don a harness four times while being coached. Times for each of the five steps involved in donning and adjusting a harness were obtained for the 22 subjects who completed all steps. Time was used as the measure of skill level. The step of adjusting the leg straps accounted for the most time in all of the four repetitions. Total time to don fall protection was reduced with practice. The reduction followed a learning curve function based on a power model. According to this model, each doubling of the number of repetitions results in a 22.1% reduction in total time to don the harness.
Uso de enzimas como tratamiento dermatológico regenerador de las líneas de expresión
Authors: Rivera P. Zulay M.
Published: February 2021

Introducción: El tratamiento con enzimas es una alternativa estética mínimamente invasiva para mejorar la apariencia facial y disminuir las líneas de expresión. Objetivo: Determinar el uso de las enzimas hialuronidasa, colagenasa y lipasa como tratamiento enzimático dermatológico para las líneas de expresión facial. Materiales y método: Estudio de campo, prospectivo, población 457 pacientes que acudieron a la consulta dermatológica entre los años 2013 y 2018 para tratamiento con enzimas. El instrumento de recolección de datos fue la hoja de registro y la fuente documental las historias clínicas. El método estadístico fue descriptivo, la información se presenta en tablas y gráficos. Resultados: La edad promedio de los pacientes fue de 45,2 ± 10,1 años, 40,9% recibió 2 kits de enzimas con los 3 componentes básicos de colagenasa, hialuronidasas y lipasas. Se encontró diferencia significativa en la relación de atención entre hombres y mujeres, de 1:14, es decir las mujeres acudieron más a la consulta solicitando la colocación de este tratamiento. Conclusión: El tratamiento con enzimas aporta beneficios al incrementar la permeabilidad dérmica, aumenta el flujo sanguíneo y el drenaje linfático, disminuye los tabiques fibrosos de la celulitis, la flacidez, adiposidades, y rejuvenece el aspecto general. Por lo que se plantea como un tratamiento efectivo para disminuir las líneas de expresión.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ПЕРЕКЛАДУ ТЕКСТІВ МІЛІТАРИСТИЧНОГО СПРЯМУВАННЯ НА ОСНОВІ КОМПЛЕМЕНТАРНОЇ ЄДНОСТІ МОВНИХ ЯВИЩ КОМПРЕСІЇ І ДЕКОМПРЕСІЇ
Authors: Бойван О. С. , Ковтун О. В.
Published: February 2021

Запропонована наукова розвідка окреслює загальнотеоретичні тенденції та основні характеристики вищезгаданої проблематики. Опрацьовані наукові джерела, що висвітлюють особливості мовних феноменів розширення та конденсування текстової інформації, засвідчують актуальність роботи, оскільки проблема мовних феноменів компресії і декомпресії є не повністю дослідженою, а особливо в процесі перекладу текстів мілітаристичного спрямування. Мета наукової розвідки — дослідити, теоретично проаналізувати, схарактеризувати та визначити специфіку застосування компресії і декомпресії в перекладі з англійської мови українською з опертям на приклади з текстів мілітаристичного спрямування. Досягнення мети стає можливим за умови розв’язання таких завдань: проаналізувати теоретичний матеріал, що висвітлює проблематику мовних феноменів компресії і декомпресії; уточнити визначення мовних явищ компресії і декомпресії з урахуванням теоретичних аспектів досліджуваної проблематики.
З’ЯСУВАЛЬНІ СКЛАДНОПІДРЯДНІ РЕЧЕННЯ ЯК ЗАСІБ УВЕДЕННЯ ЧУЖОГО МОВЛЕННЯ В НАУКОВОМУ ДИСКУРСІ
Authors: Олійник О. В.
Published: February 2021

У пропонованій статті описано прийоми реалізації чужого мовлення в науковому дискурсі, а також проаналізовано способи експлікації статусу чужого мовлення в з’ясувальних конструкціях, які функціонують у науковому стилі. Виявлено, що в наукових текстах складнопідрядні з’ясувальні речення можуть передавати чуже мовлення з прямою (персональною) та узагальненою вказівкою на автора. Ці способи насамперед пов’язані з особливою мотивацією mа прагматичною настановою, що й обумовлює текстотвiрні можливості чужого мовлення.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ СУФІКСАЛЬНОГО СЛОВОТВОРЕННЯ НЕОЛОГІЗМІВ НА ПОЗНАЧЕННЯ ОСІБ У СУЧАСНІЙ УКРАЇНСЬКІЙ МОВІ
Authors: Стишов О. А.
Published: February 2021

У статті проведено аналіз одного з важливих шарів поповнення лексичної системи української мови початку ХХІ століття — неологізмів на позначення осіб. Різнобічно схарактеризовано словотвірні особливості суфіксальних дериватів (переважно загальномовних і частково індивідуально-авторських). Детально розглянуто продуктивні й малопродуктивні суфікси та суфіксоїди в цих процесах. Відзначено зростання продуктивності творення неологізмів-фемінативів: як таких, що поступово набувають статусу загальновживаних та стають нормативними, так і розмовних — некодифікованих
ПРОБЛЕМИ ФУНКЦІОНУВАННЯ СУЧАСНОЇ УКРАЇНСЬКОЇ МЕДИЧНОЇ ТЕРМІНОЛОГІЇ
Authors: Заліпська І. Я.
Published: February 2021

У статті репрезентовано огляд наукової літератури, присвяченої вивченню сучасного стану дослідження медичної термінології в лінгвістичній науці. Окреслено актуальність студіювання окремих аспектів зазначеної проблеми, їхню перспективність і значущість. Під медичною термінологією розуміємо систему лексем, яку використовують для точного опису людського організму, зокрема його компоненти, процеси, умови, що впливають на нього, та процедури, що виконуються на ньому. Джерельною базою дослідження слугувала сучасна українська медична термінологія. У науковій студії проаналізовано медичний термін як одиницю української терміносистеми. Розглянуто такі його характеристики: точність змісту й звучання, відповідність предмету, стислість, моносемія, інваріантність, однооформлення, жорстка конвенційність, відповідність нормам мови, наявність класифікаційної дефініції, єдність структури, стилістична нейтральність, прозорість внутрішньої форми терміна, висока інформативність. Наголошено на моносемантичній основі терміна. Зазначено, що ці вимоги залишаються більше задекларованими, ніж практично реалізовуваними. Встановлено й схарактеризовано основні проблеми становлення, функціонування та розвитку сучасної української медичної термінології. До них належать проблема забезпечення мовної нормативності термінів на всіх рівнях літературної мови (орфоепічному, фонетичному, лексичному, словотвотвірному, морфологічному, синтаксичному, орфографічному й стилістичному), проблема координації національних та міжнародних медичних компонентів, проблема однозначності й точності, проблема неоднозначності, проблема синонімії, проблема варіативності медичних термінів, проблема відсутності єдиної класифікації медичних термінів. Підтверджено важливість досліджуваної теми в опануванні фахової термінології
МІЖГАЛУЗЕВІ ТЕРМІНИ В УКРАЇНСЬКІЙ НАУКОВО-ТЕХНІЧНІЙ ТЕРМІНОЛОГІЇ
Authors: Кримець О. М.
Published: February 2021

Анотована стаття присвячена дослідженню міжгалузевих термінів, що вживаються в українській науково-технічній термінології з одним або кількома значеннями. З’ясовано, що поява таких одиниць пов’язана з розгалуженістю та реінтеграцією науково-технічних знань. Проаналізовано значення міжгалузевих спеціальних одиниць в різних сферах науки і техніки. Доведено, що досліджувані одиниці вживаються як у близьких, так і у віддалених науково-технічних галузях. За семантичною ознакою виокремлено три типи міжгалузевих спеціальних одиниць: терміни-еврисеманти, терміни-полісеманти, терміни-омоніми
ТЕРМІНОГРАФІЧНІ ТРАДИЦІЇ І НОВАТОРСТВО В УКРАЇНСЬКІЙ ТЕРМІНОЛОГІЧНІЙ ЛЕКСИКОГРАФІЇ
Authors: Петрова Т. О.
Published: February 2021

У статті розкрито зміст понять «термінографічна традиція», «новаторство в термінографії». Здійснено аналіз традиційних і новаторських ознак української термінографії (50-і рр. ХІХ ст. — початок ХХІ ст.) на основі врахування комплексу параметрів систематизації (класифікації) термінологічних словників. Установлено, що українська термінографія більшою мірою наслідує кращі її традиції і меншою — удається до новаторства. Наголошено, що новаторські підходи до створення термінологічних словників можуть формувати базу термінографічного досвіду, збагачуючи традиції спеціальної лексикографії.
ПРАГМАТИКА ЧИСЛІВНИКА В ПОЕТИЧНИХ ТЕКСТАХ ПОСТМОДЕРНІСТІВ
Authors: Павлова І. А. , Гриненко І. А.
Published: February 2021

У статті описано один з напрямів лінгвопоетичних студій — вивчення потенційних можливостей частин мови, що в художньому тексті зреалізовують прагматичні функції образності, емоційності, експресії. Cхарактеризовано складну різнопланову взаємодію граматики й поетики числівника, особливості формування його прагматичного значення в поетичних творах В. Цибулька. Описано семантичні можливості числівника, смислопороджувальний заряд, що в поетичному мовленні завдяки креативності окремих мовних особистостей має здатність виявлятися надзвичайно розмаїто. Проаналізований матеріал свідчить, що числівник характеризується високою частотою уживаності, реалізує функції художніх засобів, є прецедентною одиницею, що своєрідно репрезентує інтертекстуальність
Effects of Long-Term Fertilisation and Weather on Soil Properties and Spring Barley Yield
Authors: Loide V. , Edesi L.
Published: February 2021

The purpose of the experiment was to determine long-term fertilization and the effects of weather on the soil properties and spring barley yields. A long-term field experiment—with crop rotations of potatoes (hemp oil from 2017), spring barley, spring barley with red clover (undersown), and red clover was established in 1960 Kuusiku, Estonia. Different barley varieties was used over the experimental period. With except the spring barley variety 'Anni', which was tested from 1995–2019.The experiment has three fertilizer treatments: the moderate dose of fertilization (NPK1),double NPK1 (NPK2), and moderate fertilization with farmyard manure (NPK1 + FYM). After harvest, the soil samples were collected from 0–0.2 m of topsoil and 0.2–0.4 m of subsoil from each plot, using a soil drill.
НАСТАНАК „МЛЕТАЧКЕ АЛБАНИЈЕ“ И УСПОМЕНА НА ВИЗАНТИЈСКУ ВЛАСТ У СРПСКОМ ПОМОРЈУ
Authors: Коматина Ивана , Коматина Предраг
Published: February 2021

У раду се истражују историјске и политичке околности које су као резултат имале настанак „Млетачке Албаније“. Такође, посебна пажња је посвећена проматрању односа између Албаније у географском, политичком и историјском погледу и новоосноване „Млетачке Албаније“, тј. проналази се историјска нит која је Млечанима била упориште за коришћење назива Албанија на простору српског Поморја од Скадра до Котора.
СЕРБСКИЕ СОЧИНЕНИЯ П. А. РОВИНСКОГО (ПЕРВИЧНОЕ ОСМЫСЛЕНИЕ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ)
Authors: Шемјакин Андреј
Published: February 2021

В статье показано, что сербские сочинения П.А. Ровинского, до сих пор малоизученные (в отличие от его мощного черногорского научного корпуса), дают возможность рассмотреть изнутри особенности менталитета сербского традиционного общества и усилить общий вывод, сделанный автором статьи ранее: за фасадом европейских новаций, в виде «стандартного» набора атрибутов либерально-буржуазного государственного устройства, скрывались устойчивые структуры и навыки традиционного общества; именно они определяли уклад жизни и поведения не только простого селяка, но и большей части сербской элиты. Осознание этой парадигмы «другой модернизации» (заметно отличавшейся от опыта пути в современность государств ее «первой волны»), в рамках которой традиционное общество, мимикрируя, отмалчиваясь или бунтуя, сопротивлялось переменам и воспроизводилось в новейших, но чисто «фанерных» декорациях, дает нам в руки мощные козыри для полемики с характерной для современной национальной историографии мифологией «европейского выбора», якобы сделанного Сербией еще в конце XIX в.
„SESTRAS AMERICANA” – АМЕРИЧКЕ МЕДИЦИНСКЕ СЕСТРЕ У СРБИЈИ У ПРВОМ СВЕТСКОМ РАТУ
Authors: Вучетић Биљана
Published: February 2021

Циљ рада је да осветли амерички добротворни рад током Првог светског рата на основу извештаја Американки, медицинских сестара које су радиле у Србији. Иако се делатност америчких хуманитараца у Србији за време Првог светског рата налазила у фокусу српске, и донекле америчке историографије, рад америчких медицинских сестара може бити предмет посебног истраживања. Значај хуманитарних активности Америчког Црвеног крста у Србији током Првог светског рата је већ познат. Амерички лекари и медицинске сестре имали су истакнуто место током евакуације и поновног заузимања Београда 1915. године. Извештаји, писма и дневници америчких медицинских сестара представљају јединствену грађу за истраживаче. Са застрашујућом реалношћу су представљале искуства ратне хирургије и неге болесника у ратним, скоро немогућим условима. Описи свакодневног живота, односа према рату, личне мотивације и очекивања средине, сведоче о активној улози медицинских сестара у ратним збивањима. Кроз њихове личне забелешке бледи стереотип медицинске сестре као пасивног сведока. Изронила је нова слика жене која је сопственом одлуком постала посредник, па и учесник догађаја на фронту, као и одговорни чинилац у раду са цивилним становништвом.
Sexual Morphometric Variation in Pronotum of Dorcadion anatolicum Pic, 1900 (Cerambycidae:Coleoptera)
Authors: DOĞAN SARIKAYA Aslı , OKUTANER Atılay Yağmur
Published: February 2021

Understanding sexual dimorphism is very important in studies of insect evolution. Though sexual dimorphism has been the subject of numerous entomological studies there have no examined sexual dimorphism in Dorcadion anatolicum Pic, 1900 which is endemic to Turkey. In this study, using geometric morphometrics, we analyzed the sexual size and shape dimorphism of pronotum of specimens collected from Konya Province. Results of geometric morphometrics revealed that the size and shape of the pronotum can be effectively used in morphological discrimination of the sexes.