bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of Experimental Teaching Method in Teaching Habitat Interior Space Design
Authors: Shi Lijun , Yang Huacheng , Zhang Zhonghui
Published: February 2023

“Habitat Interior Space Design” is a compulsory course for environmental design majors. Through this course, students can clarify the ideas and methods of environmental design living space scheme design and systematically master the types, styles, and ergonomics of living spaces; therefore, learning Habitat Interior Space Design well requires students to master more basic principles and practical projects. In this paper, we will discuss the significant changes that have occurred as a result of the introduction of the “experimental teaching method” into the teaching of Habitat interior space design.
A Study on the Structural Elements of the Educational Philosophy “Establishing Morality and Cultivating Students” in English Teaching in Middle School Based the Process of Moral Formation
Authors: Chen Xiaolei , Liu Chun , Li Jing , Deng Aimin , Li Weixiu
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the structural elements of the moral education when applying the educational philosophy “establishing morality and cultivating students” in English teaching in middle school in the process of the middle school students’ moral formation from the perspective of three analyses. The first is to interpret four levels of moral education from the moral awareness, the moral emotion and the moral will. The second is to interpret the moral behavior based on the moral levels. The third on the structural elements of applying “establishing morality and cultivating students” to English teaching in middle school is to interpret the division of setting the structural elements of the middle school students’ moral education in English teaching based on the first and the second analyses in combination with the middle school students’ characteristics of moral education.
Identities of Clones: Cosmopolitical Ethics in Kazuo Ishiguro’s ’Never let me go’
Authors: Tao Zhiwei
Published: February 2023

Based on the experience of human cloning in Never Let Me Go and some modern ethical issues, this paper analyzes the cosmopolitan elements and ethical issues, and reveals some modern ethical issues that do exist. By analyzing the settings, plots and techniques, this paper analyzes the reasons why the clones are not accepted in Never Let Me Go, and why clones should be regarded as part of human families.
Pearl S. Buck’s Dual Narrative Dynamics: An Interpretation of the Conflict between Localism and Modernity
Authors: Lu Xinchen
Published: February 2023

Pearl Buck is a famous cross-cultural female writer. As an American writer closely related to China, her trilogy of The Good Earth is well known for her depiction of Chinese peasants and “land worship”. However, there is a covert progression which is parallel with the plot of “family epic” in her works. Based on the dual narrative dynamics proposed by Professor Shen Dan, this paper illustrates the conflict between localism and modernity in Pearl Buck’s The Good Earth trilogy, and explores the profound thematic significance created by the dual narrative progressions. Pearl Buck’s consideration of the changes in society and people’s mentality in modern times is inspiring for the future study of contemporary works.
Protection and Communication Strategy of Traditional Culture from the Perspective of Digital Humanities — — An Example of Digital Dunhuang Project
Authors: Xia Wang , YunFei Gu
Published: February 2023

Based on the digital humanistic perspective, the paper explores the protection and communication strategy of traditional culture, and communication path of innovation of the traditional culture .Digitization is the trend of culture communication, which promotes the development of traditional culture. More and more attention is paid to the combination of technology and product development.Taking the “Digital Dunhuang” project as an example, this paper explores the means of protection, technological path and communication strategies of traditional culture.The research shows that digital humanities innovate the presentation means of traditional culture, and can better achieve the promotion and dissemination of culture.
Return to the essence of power - A brief analysis of the dislocation of female consciousness from the perspective of “She economy”
Authors: Rao Liuxi , Cai Yaru , Yi Xinyue , Wang Anran , Wu Wenfeng , Fu Lijuan , Zhang Yufeng
Published: February 2023

The world today is undergoing profound changes unseen in a century. The need to build a community with a shared future for humanity and a more open, inclusive and equal social order is all the more urgent. The women’s issue is not just the rights of individual women, but the collective development of society. The upsurge of “She economy” is steadily increasing, but behind it is the diversification trend of social and economic forms and the diversification trend of female cultural psychology. This paper studies the social psychological changes of female groups from the perspective of “she economy”, points out the misunderstanding of the single value of modern women, and constructs multiple levels of female self-consciousness awakening, which has positive significance for promoting the correction of female independence and awakening consciousness, constructing the socialist ideology of gender equality, and thus developing the socialist harmonious society.
A Study on the Form and Aesthetics of Confucian Konglin Stone Carvings
Authors: Kong Dexiang , Peng Wenping
Published: February 2023

Confucianism is a Confucian shrine that combines multiple values of culture, religion and art. The study of Confucianism’s Konglin concerns many important issues of traditional Chinese culture and art. The reinterpretation of the cultural value of the stone inscriptions in Confucianism today is the choice of the times for the dissemination of Confucianism and an important path for the world to understand Chinese culture and ethics. Along with the rise of Confucianism fever, the study of Confucian culture has attracted widespread academic attention, but most of the existing results are case studies of the stone carvings in Konglin, and cannot fully interpret the cultural implications of the stone carvings in Konglin. Based on this, the author takes the Konglin stone inscriptions as the main object of study, analyses their external shape and explores their intrinsic aesthetic value, and takes an artistic and philosophical view of the inner connection between Confucianism and calligraphy in order to provide useful reference for the dissemination of Confucian culture.
The Shift of Realistic Social Significance of Domestic Funeral Films -- From Fitial Son And Fitial Piety to Lighting Up The Stars
Authors: Mi Yangyushuang
Published: February 2023

As a subgroup of realistic films, funeral films have gradually begun to explore the funeral industry and death education in depth, arousing people’s thoughts of the concept of death in recent years. By combing and studying funeral films and watching and learning related films, this paper selects two representative works, “Fitial Son And Fitial Piety” and “Lighting Up The Stars”, to carry out in-depth research and analysis of their realistic social significance. And it will based on the realistic social background of the funeral reform system changes and other factors to analyze the narrative features of domestic funeral films and the shift of realistic social significance.
“The Medium is the Massage”: Exploring the Influential Role of Slow Variety Shows
Authors: Renfeng Fan
Published: February 2023

“The Medium is the Massage”, first proposed by Marshall McLuhan, as another theory in communication science with an extraordinary vision, provides a new perspective for understanding the impact of slow variety shows on the emotional role of audiences in research. In recent years, slow variety shows such as “Welcome Back To Sound” and “Life to Live” have spurted on and won wide attention from audiences. In this paper, we will take the second season of “Welcome Back To Sound” as an example and analyse the influence of slow variety shows on audiences’ emotions from the perspective of “The Medium is the Massage”. Specifically, it takes sound as the entrance, “massaging” the audience’s sensory system from visual presentation, discourse and aesthetic performance, thus causing emotional resonance and reawakening the audience’s aspiration and pursuit of a better life. It is worth noting that while enjoying the “media massage” of slow variety shows, we also need to be wary of the excessive consumption of audience emotions by commercial capital and new media.
A Study on the Relationship between Media Supervision and Judicial Adjudication in the New Media Era
Authors: Yang Liu
Published: February 2023

How to deal with the relationship between media supervision and judicial justice has always been a problem that modern countries under the rule of law must face. Because of its unique openness and universality, the media plays a positive role in supervising judicial justice. At the same time, if the media supervision lacks restriction or oversteps the boundary, it will also have a negative impact on judicial justice. How to balance the freedom of speech of the press and the open and fair trial of the judiciary, and how to resolve the contradiction between judicial activities and media supervision? Is there any legal regulation in the freedom of speech of the press? How to deal with the conflict between the judicial trial based on facts and the supervision based on law and the media based on morality? These problems are urgent to be solved in our current judicial practice. This article will start from the “Yu Huan case”, “Chongqing sister and brother fall case”, “Jiangsu Nantong elderly supermarket sudden death with eggs” and other cases occurred in recent years to seek the balance between the media and the judiciary to solve related problems.
Research on Brand Marketing Strategy of SJ Education and Training Company
Authors: Mengni Zhou , Yang Li , Peng Huang , Niguidula Jasmin , Juanatas Ronaldo , Huiliang Huang
Published: February 2023

This article focus on the concept and significance of brand marketing, and deeply studies the everyday problems in the implementation of brand marketing from the perspectives of brand awareness, brand positioning and brand promotion. Finally, exact solutions are given according to the related concepts of brand marketing, which highlights the significance of brand marketing research, and looks forward to receiving providing inspiration and guidance for the majority of enterprise managers.
Traumatische tracheobronchiale Verletzungen – Empfehlung der interdisziplinären Arbeitsgruppe der DGT und DGU zur Etablierung einer einheitlichen Klassifikation für Diagnostik
und Therapie
Authors: Kalverkamp Sebastian , Störmann Philipp , Graeff Pascal , Raab Stephan
Published: February 2023

Traumatische tracheobronchiale Verletzungen stellen eine extrem seltene Entität dar. Im Vergleich dazu etwas häufiger sind iatrogene Verletzungen. Eine Literaturrecherche ergab, dass es für
dieses Krankheitsbild eine Vielzahl von Case Reports und Kleinserienvorstellungen gibt. Übersichtsarbeiten sind kaum vorhanden und weisen dann i. d. R. einen geringen Evidenzgrad auf. Eine
Ursache hierfür ist das Fehlen einer Klassifikation, um die einzelnen Verletzungen miteinander vergleichen zu können. Lediglich für iatrogene Verletzungen der trachealen Hinterwand gibt es
eine Klassifikation, die von den Autoren im Hinblick auf traumatische Tracheobronchialverletzungen modifiziert und erweitert wurde. Diese Klassifikation wurde von den Autoren erweitert, um
auch traumatische Verletzungen miteinzubeziehen. Es wird hier eine 3-stellige Klassifikation vorgestellt. Die Graduierung der Verletzung bildet vom peribronchialen Emphysem über die
unterschiedlich tiefen Wandverletzungen bis zum subtotalen und kompletten Bronchusabriss das gesamte Spektrum der Verletzungsmuster ab. Zusätzlich wurden in der Klassifikation die
anatomische Lage und die Ursache der Verletzung hinzugefügt. Anatomisch wird die Höhe der Verletzungen im Tracheobronchialbaum unterschieden. Die 3. Stelle unterscheidet traumatisch,
iatrogen und spontan. Aufgrund der sich aus diesen Parametern ergebenden 3-stelligen Klassifikation ist es möglich, einzelne Fälle in Gruppen zusammenzufügen und daraus Empfehlungen für
Diagnostik und Therapie zu entwickeln.
Development of New Reactions Driven by N–O Bond Cleavage: from O-Acyl Hydroxylamines to Tetrodotoxin
Authors: Johnson Jeffrey S. , Robins Jacob G.
Published: February 2023

This Account describes new reactions that have been developed in the Johnson laboratories at UNC Chapel Hill enabled by considerations of N–O bond cleavage. Three main case studies are highlighted: the metal-catalyzed electrophilic amination of O-acyl hydroxyl amines, multihetero-Cope rearrangements driven by O–N bond breakage, and merged dearomatization/N=O cycloadditions for the synthesis of complex 4-aminocyclohexanols such as those found in the natural product tetrodotoxin.

1 Introduction

2 Electrophilic Amination

3 Multihetero-Cope Rearrangements

4 Progress toward a Total Synthesis of (–)-Tetrodotoxin

5 Conclusion
A Study on the Impact of Diabetes Mellitus on the Severity of COVID-19-Associated Mucormycosis
Authors: Madan Siddharth , Dutta Shelly , Yadav Rekha , Rohatgi Jolly , Bajaj Ishita , Tadu Nampi , Sharma Rahul , Das Gopal Krushna , Sahu Pramod Kumar , Gupta Neelima
Published: February 2023

Objectives:

Diabetes mellitus (DM) seems the most common predisposing factor for rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis (ROCM). This study aimed to study the impact of DM on the severity of COVID-19-associated ROCM (CAM).

Methods:

This was a retrospective analytical study performed over a period of 3 months to assess the impact of DM on the severity of CAM in 100 patients and association of clinical correlates of DM with severity of CAM.

Statistical analysis:

The data collected using the study tools were converted into a computer-based spreadsheet and analyzed. The statistical analysis comprised a descriptive analysis that involved calculating means, standard deviations, and proportions. For calculating the significance of the difference of mean between two groups, Student's t-test was applied. In addition, chi-square test (or Fisher's t-test if applicable) was applied to study the significance of association of clinical correlates of DM with severity of CAM for categorical variables and t-test for continuous variables.

Results:

The prevalence of DM was 67%. The average presenting blood sugar level was 245.9 ± 99.86 mg%. Glycated hemoglobin level between 4.5 and 6.5% was observed in 57 patients and over 6.5% in 43 subjects. A high body mass index (BMI) of 25 and above was noted in 52 patients. A significantly higher level of presenting blood sugar and a longer duration of hospital stay was noted in patients having stage 3b or higher (p < 0.05) when compared with those having stage 3a or below. No significant correlation was observed in patients in stage 3a or below and those presenting with stage 3b or higher in terms of BMI, waist to hip ratio, or total cholesterol levels. There was a strong correlation between blood sugar level at presentation, severity of DM with the severity of ROCM, and a strong inverse correlation noted between HDL level and severity of ROCM.

Conclusion:

A poor metabolic control is associated with a higher risk of a severe disease with intracranial involvement.
Health Literacy and Clinic-Epidemiological Profile of Patients with COVID-19-Associated Mucormycosis: A Questionnaire-Based Study
Authors: Gulabani Michell , Chauhan Richa , Gaur Diksha , Das Swati , Bajaj Megha , Saxena Ashok Kumar
Published: February 2023

Background

The patient partnership is desirable for the optimal management of comorbidities. This became significant more so during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) crisis wherein health infrastructure was overburdened.

Objectives

The aim of this study was to estimate the clinicoepidemiological profile, health literacy regarding predisposing risk factors, and disease management in patients with COVID-19-associated mucormycosis (CAMCR).

Materials and Methods

A structured questionnaire-based study on randomly chosen 100 microbiologically proven patients of CAMCR, consisting of 38 multiple choice questions, was designed with each answer having a patient and assessor response to it.

Results

A male predilection was seen (68%) with rhino-orbital (73%) being the commonest anatomic site. Forty-nine percent of the study participants had pre-existing diabetes of which 62% did not carry out regular blood sugar monitoring and in 18%, blood sugars were controlled prior to COVID-19. Thirty-five percent of patients with mild COVID-19 illness were treated with unwarranted steroids and 56% of patients had fluctuating blood sugar levels, during COVID-19 illness.

Seventy-nine percent of patients were not vaccinated against COVID-19, 16% only partially vaccinated. Seventy-one percent of patients were not aware of red flag signs and of mucormycosis with 8% presenting early, on noticing nasal symptoms.

Conclusion

This study observed diabetes as the most common comorbidity in patients with CAMCR. A lacuna in the health literacy of diabetics presenting with CAMCR was found. Additionally, knowledge regarding glycemic control during COVID-19 illness with or without the use of steroids and awareness of the “red flag” signs of CAMCR were mostly lacking. Interventions to improve awareness amongst patients with diabetes should help in optimal glycemic control, and avoid potential complications like severe COVID-19 illness, and mucormycosis.
Exploring the global geography of cybercrime and its driving forces
Authors: Chen Shuai , Hao Mengmeng , Ding Fangyu , Jiang Dong , Dong Jiping , Zhang Shize , Guo Qiquan , Gao Chundong
Published: February 2023

Cybercrime is wreaking havoc on the global economy, national security, social stability, and individual interests. The current efforts to mitigate cybercrime threats are primarily focused on technical measures. This study considers cybercrime as a social phenomenon and constructs a theoretical framework that integrates the social, economic, political, technological, and cybersecurity factors that influence cybercrime. The FireHOL IP blocklist, a novel cybersecurity data set, is used to map worldwide subnational cybercrimes. Generalised linear models (GLMs) are used to identify the primary factors influencing cybercrime, whereas structural equation modelling (SEM) is used to estimate the direct and indirect effects of various factors on cybercrime. The GLM results suggest that the inclusion of a broad set of socioeconomic factors can significantly improve the model’s explanatory power, and cybercrime is closely associated with socioeconomic development, while their effects on cybercrime differ by income level. Additionally, results from SEM further reveals the causal relationships between cybercrime and numerous contextual factors, demonstrating that technological factors serve as a mediator between socioeconomic conditions and cybercrime.
A novel non-embedded, adjustable, and flexible shape memory alloy actuator for variable-area exhaust nozzle actuation
Authors: Chen Tiegang , Ke Yan , Qiu Shengbin , Jiang Jun , Zhang Qiang , Zhang Xiaoyong
Published: February 2023

The actuator is a fundamental component for a variable-area exhaust nozzle. Conventional actuators for variable-area exhaust nozzles are hydraulic actuators and electric motors. However, they are heavy, large, and structurally complex. Shape memory alloys (SMAs) are light, small, structurally simple, and have unique advantages not found in conventional actuators. However, SMA actuators occupy a large space in the radial direction and cannot be fixed to surfaces with different radii of curvature. Moreover, once designed, the actuating displacement of the actuator cannot be adjusted. To solve this problem, this study develops a novel non-embedded, adjustable, and flexible SMA actuator for variable-area exhaust nozzle actuation. An analytical model is presented to predict mechanical performance. Subsequently, experiments of this flexible SMA actuator are conducted to study the mechanical performance. A proof-of-concept, variable-area exhaust nozzle of the aeroengine is designed, fabricated, and tested to obtain the properties of the exhaust nozzle that are actuated by the flexible SMA actuator. In the experiments, the movement trajectory of the exhaust nozzle is captured using an image recognition technique, and the area changes of the exhaust nozzle are calculated. The results show that the actuator is flexible and can be bent at any angle from −90° to +90°. The actuating displacement of the flexible SMA actuator can be adjusted by increasing or decreasing the number of hinged units. In addition, the area change of the exhaust nozzle is 64.4%, exceeding the largest area change of 40% in previous studies on SMA-actuated exhaust nozzles.
Patchy colloidal gels under the influence of gravity
Authors: Gallegos Javier A. S. , Martínez-Rivera Jaime , Valadez-Pérez Néstor E. , Castañeda-Priego Ramón
Published: February 2023

In this contribution, gravitational effects in gel-forming patchy colloidal systems are studied. We focus on how the gel structure is modified by gravity. Through Monte Carlo computer simulations of gel-like states recently identified by the rigidity percolation criterion [J. A. S. Gallegos et al., Phys. Rev. E 104, 064606 (2021)], the influence of the gravitational field, characterized by the gravitational Péclet number, Pe, on patchy colloids is studied in terms of the patchy coverage, χ. Our findings point out that there exists a threshold Péclet number, Peg, that depends on χ above which the gravitational field enhances the particle bonding and, in consequence, promotes the aggregation or clustering of particles; the smaller the χ value, the higher the Peg. Interestingly, when χ ∼ 1 (near the isotropic limit), our results are consistent with an experimentally determined threshold Pe value where gravity affects the gel formation in short-range attractive colloids. In addition, our results show that the cluster size distribution and the density profile undergo variations that lead to changes in the percolating cluster, i.e., gravity is able to modify the structure of the gel-like states. These changes have an important impact on the structural rigidity of the patchy colloidal dispersion; the percolating cluster goes from a uniform spatially network to a heterogeneous percolated structure, where an interesting structural scenario emerges, namely, depending on the Pe value, the new heterogeneous gel-like states can coexist with both diluted and dense phases or they simply reach a crystalline-like state. In the isotropic case, the increase in the Pe number can shift the critical temperature to higher temperatures; however, when Pe > 0.01, the binodal disappears and the particles fully sediment at the bottom of the sample cell. Furthermore, gravity moves the rigidity percolation threshold to lower densities. Finally, we also note that within the values of the Péclet number here explored, the cluster morphology is barely altered.
Development of a thermo-pressure acoustic model and its application in modeling three-dimensional acoustofluidic systems
Authors: Das Pradipta Kr. , Bhethanabotla Venkat R.
Published: February 2023

Theoretical modeling of acoustofluidic systems faces extreme challenges as the thickness of the thermoviscous boundary layer is very small compared to the microscale fluid dimensions. The classical pressure acoustic model overcomes these difficulties and is extensively used in simulating three-dimensional (3D) or large two-dimensional (2D) acoustofluidic systems. However, this model cannot be applied to thermoviscous acoustofluidics, as it does not consider energy conservation. Modeling thermoviscous acoustofluidic systems is, therefore, difficult and restricted to small 2D systems only. Here, we have developed a thermo-pressure acoustic model that can effectively simulate thermoviscous acoustofluidic systems. The model has been validated with the full model by performing numerical simulations for a small 2D acoustofluidic system for which capturing the acoustic boundary layer effect is feasible using the full model. After successful validation, we demonstrate that the thermo-pressure acoustic model can also be applied to studying 3D acoustofluidic systems.
Pulsed coaxial drop-on-demand electrohydrodynamic printing
Authors: Jamshidian Mostafa , Mohammadi Kaivan , Moosavi Ali , Kazemzadeh Hannani Siamak
Published: February 2023

This research demonstrates pulsed electrohydrodynamic drop-on-demand (DoD) printing as a novel technique for synthesizing core–shell microparticles in a controlled manner. In this regard, a multiphase and multiphysics model is presented for coaxial electrohydrodynamic printing. The governing partial differential equations of the model are discretized using the finite element method, and a suitable numerical scheme is adopted to solve the system of discretized equations. The experimental results in the literature are used to validate the numerical model. Utilizing the validated model, the effects of continuous-direct current (DC) voltage and pulsed-DC voltage are examined on the behavior of a compound meniscus (composed of ethylene glycol core and olive oil shell) and the droplet formation process. According to the results obtained, the onset voltage of the compound meniscus is 3330 V, which agrees with the scale analysis. Furthermore, increasing continuous-DC voltage results in longer breakup length, shorter breakup time, faster droplet velocity, and shorter jetting start time. In addition, increasing pulsed-DC voltage duration leads to an increase in the breakup length and droplet velocity. Most importantly, it is possible to control the inertia of the coaxial spindle by controlling the pulsed-DC voltage magnitude and duration to ensure that a core–shell droplet separates from the meniscus in every pulse with the shortest breakup length and the minimum satellite droplets possible. It is generally recommended to keep the pulse duration and amplitude low enough to prevent the long breakup length and irregularities in the printed pattern; however, they must be sufficiently large to sustain the micro-dripping mode.
Amplifying argument
Authors: Blair Carole , Balthrop V. William
Published: February 2023

In the aftermath of World War I, the US Government created eight cemeteries in France, Belgium, and the UK to honor American soldiers who died in Europe as well as to remind European audiences of that sacrifice. More recently, visitor centers were added to some of those sites. This essay explores how one of those visitor centers, located at Flanders Field American Cemetery in Belgium, serves toamplifythe cemeteries’ public diplomacy argument. We argue that amplification, as described by classical and more contemporary theorists, serves an important function in argumentation, and that these centers themselves deserve greater attention as they provide direction to visitors in making the place matter. In this analysis, we also consider the recursive relationship between text/argument and context in site interpretation.
The effects of chronic concentric and eccentric training on position sense and joint reaction angle of the knee extensors
Authors: Methenitis S. , Theodorou A. A. , Chatzinikolaou P. N. , Margaritelis N. V. , Nikolaidis M. G. , Paschalis V.
Published: February 2023

The aim of the present study was to compare the effect of chronic concentric or eccentric training on position sense and joint reaction angle, in healthy, untrained young men. Twenty‐four men were randomly assigned into a pure concentric (CT) or a pure eccentric (ET) group and performed for 8 weeks, one training session/week, 75 maximal knee extensors contractions. Before and 48 h after the first (W1) and the last (W8) training sessions, knee joint position sense and joint reaction angle were assessed at three different knee angles (i.e. 30°, 45° and 60°). At the same time points, indirect indices of exercise‐induced muscle damage (EIMD) were evaluated (i.e. range of motion [ROM], optimal angle, maximum isometric, concentric and eccentric torques, delayed onset muscle soreness [DOMS] and blood creatine kinase concentrations [CK]). Forty‐eight hours post W1, position sense, reaction angle and all EIMD indices were significantly changed for both groups (p < 0.05; η2: 0.125–0.618), however, greater alterations were observed after ET. Significant correlations were found, in both groups, between the training‐induced changes of position sense, reaction angles and the changes of EIMD biomarkers (r: −0.855–0.825; p < 0.005). No significant changes were found 48 h post W8 for position sense, reaction angle and EIMD indices (p > 0.285) for both CT or ET groups. In conclusion, exercise‐induced changes in position sense and reaction angle, were related to the magnitude of EIMD, and not by the type of muscle contraction per se.
Flexible pressure and temperature dual-modality sensor based on stretchable electrode for human–machine interaction
Authors: Zou Qiang , Zhou Shenglu , Su QI , Xue Tao
Published: February 2023

Although flexible sensors have been widely used in areas such as human–computer interaction and electronic skin with their sensitive response and excellent robustness, their fabrication process remains complex and expensive. In addition, the flexible pressure sensor can only detect a single pressure. This paper presents a dual-mode pressure and temperature sensor with complementary layers based on stretchable electrodes. The templates required for sensor production are simple, easy to make and inexpensive. Comparing pressure sensors without complementary layers improves the sensitivity of devices with complementary layers more than 2.5 times. In addition, the pressure sensor enables dual-mode testing of pressure and temperature by modifying the complementary layer’s material while keeping the structure unchanged. The temperature sensor demonstrates pressure insensitivity and cyclic stability. The sensor shown some practical applications, such as finger pressing, gesture recognition, arm bending, and Morse code. Finally, sensors were integrated into the mechanical gripper to detect pressure and temperature during gripping. This work provides a promising way to improve the performance of flexible pressure sensors with easily prepared structures and to increase the integration of pressure and temperature dual-mode sensors, with great potential for applications in human–computer interaction and electronic skin.
Decoding the phonon transport of structural lubrication at silicon/silicon interface
Authors: Dong Yun , Ding Yusong , Rui Zhiyuan , Lian Fangming , Tao Yi , Hui Weibin , Fu Rong
Published: February 2023

Although the friction characteristics under different contact conditions have been extensively studied, the mechanism of phonon transport at the structural lubrication interface is not extremely clear. In this paper, we firstly promulgate that there is a 90°-symmetry of friction force depending on rotation angle at Si/Si interface, which is independent of normal load and temperature. It is further found that the interfacial temperature difference under incommensurate contacts is much larger than that in commensurate cases, which can be attributed to the larger interfacial thermal resistance (ITR). The lower ITR brings greater energy dissipation in commensurate sliding, and the reason for that is more effective energy dissipation channels between the friction surfaces, making it easier for the excited phonons at the washboard frequency and its harmonics to transfer through the interface. Nevertheless, the vibrational frequencies of the interfacial atoms between the tip and substrate during the friction process do not match in incommensurate cases, and there is no effective energy transfer channel, thus presenting the higher ITR and lower friction. Eventually, the number of excited phonons on contact surfaces reveals the amount of frictional energy dissipation in different contact states.
Birefringent dielectric multi-foci metalens for polarization detection
Authors: Ren Zhi , Chang Siqi , Li Songtao , Wang Ruoxing
Published: February 2023

We propose a birefringent dielectric multi-foci metalens for polarization detection utilizing different transmission phases in two orthogonal directions, which consists of Si nanopillars with different sizes and more than 80% transmission efficiency. Implementing the superposition of the phase profiles in the x- and y-direction, the polarization states of the focal points include linear polarization state in the x-direction, linear polarization state in the y-direction, the incident polarization state, and the polarization state whose y-polarization component more shifted by π/2 compared with the incident polarization state. Based on the intensities of the deflected and converged focal points on the same focal plane, the full polarization information of the incident polarized light can be determined with an analyzer. The multiplexing design method with compact and efficient features renders this technique very attractive for polarization detection and information processing.
Mechanism analysis of field electron emission of titanium
Authors: Tan Nongchao , Wu Ping , Hua Ye , Sun Jun , Shi Lei , Huang Wenhui , Huang Wenhua
Published: February 2023

Field electron emission (FEE) is generally considered to be closely correlated with radio frequency (RF) breakdown in accelerating structures and high-power microwave (HPM) devices. In this study, the field emission characteristics of titanium are investigated by using a field emission test system. With the increase of the number of field emission tests and stability tests, the repeatability of the field emission characteristic curve of titanium tends to be better, and the amplitude of the current oscillation in the stability tests gradually decreases, indicating that the field emission performance of titanium gradually becomes stable. Subsequently, the field emission characteristic curve of titanium is analyzed by adopting the field emission theory of metal microprotrusions. Combined with the analysis of the electric field enhancement effects caused by the surface morphology, the dominant effect of the metal microprotrusions on the FEE of titanium is excluded from the two aspects of the electric field enhancement factor and local maximum emission current density. At last, the field emission theory of dielectric micropoints is introduced to analyze the field emission characteristics of titanium. The electric field enhancement factor of 102 ∼ 103 are explained theoretically. Simultaneously, the reasonable effective emission area and local emission current density are given, which can better explain the field emission phenomena of titanium, such as the sharp decrease in emission current and repeatability of the field emission curve. Hence, it is revealed that the key factor that dominates the FEE of titanium is the dielectric impurities on the surface, rather than the metal microprotrusions.
Stability analysis of a non-singular fractional-order covid-19 model with nonlinear incidence and treatment rate
Authors: Joshi Hardik , Yavuz Mehmet , Townley Stuart , Jha Brajesh Kumar
Published: February 2023

In this paper, a non-singular SIR model with the Mittag-Leffler law is proposed. The nonlinear Beddington-DeAngelis infection rate and Holling type II treatment rate are used. The qualitative properties of the SIR model are discussed in detail. The local and global stability of the model are analyzed. Moreover, some conditions are developed to guarantee local and global asymptotic stability. Finally, numerical simulations are provided to support the theoretical results and used to analyze the impact of face masks, social distancing, quarantine, lockdown, immigration, treatment rate of the disease, and limitation in treatment resources on COVID-19. The graphical results show that face masks, social distancing, quarantine, lockdown, immigration, and effective treatment rates significantly reduce the infected population over time. In contrast, limitation in the availability of treatment raises the infected population.
Growth mechanisms of hBN crystalline nanostructures with rf sputtering deposition: challenges, opportunities, and future perspectives
Authors: Hoang Duc-Quang , Vu Ngoc-Hai , Nguyen Thanh-Qui , Hoang Thanh-Dung , Cao Xuan-Huu , Pham Dinh-Khang
Published: February 2023

Most hBN nanostructures were fabricated using the chemical method. However, growing by the physical method also has many advantages, they are easy to synthesize this material on a large area with up- scaling setups. Even two-dimensional hexagonal boron nitride is similar to graphene structure, however there is a little work referring to the fabrication process of this material. Hence, a sufficiently detailed report on physically fabricated hBN materials is essential. This review analyzes the results that we have studied over the past ten years with the synthesis and fabrication of this material using physical vapor deposition - RF sputtering, incorporation with other techniques, strongly emphasized on growth mechanisms of this material.
Delayed teraelectronvolt emission from GRB 980425/SN 1998bw and the origin of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays
Authors: Mirabal Nestor
Published: February 2023

The origin of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs, E > 1018 eV) is one of the great mysteries of modern astrophysics. It has been suggested that UHECRs could be accelerated in
gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) and engine-driven supernovae (SNe). Here we report the discovery of a 1.4 teraelectronvolt (TeV) photon offset 0.97° from the site of the nearby (36.9 megaparsecs) GRB 980425/SN 1998bw explosion.
The Large Area Telescope (LAT) on board the Fermi
Gamma-ray Space Telescope detected the TeV emission on 17 November 2018, more than 20 years after the original GRB 980425/SN 1998bw trigger. TeV detections at high Galactic latitudes by the LAT are extremely rare, with an average of 6 events per year. We propose that the delayed TeV emission is consistent with ultra-high-energy cosmic rays and/or electron-positron pairs from GRB 980425/SN 1998bw being deflected by the intergalactic magnetic field (IGMF) and subsequently cascading into secondary gamma rays. Based on the arrival time delay of the TeV emission, we estimate an IGMF strength of order B ≃ 10-12–10-13 Gauss. This result supports the possibility of UHECR acceleration in GRB 980425/SN 1998bw and suggests that most detected UHECRs are produced in local GRB/SNe within 200 Mpc. In addition, secondary photons from UHECRs out to 0.9–31 Gpc may also offer an explanation for extragalactic background photons with energies
≥ 1 TeV detected by the Fermi LAT.
Active tunable terahertz bandwidth absorber based on single layer graphene
Authors: Li Wenxin , Yi Yingting , Yang Hua , Cheng Shubo , Yang Wenxing , Zhang Huafeng , Yi Zao , Yi Yougen , Li Hailiang
Published: February 2023

In this paper, an active tunable terahertz bandwidth absorber based on single-layer graphene is proposed, which consists of a graphene layer, a photo crystal plate, and a gold substrate. When the Fermi energy (E

f
) of graphene is 1.5 eV, the absorber shows high absorption in the range of 3.7 THz–8 THz, and the total absorption rate is 96.8%. By exploring the absorption mechanism of the absorber, the absorber shows excellent physical regulation. The absorber also shows good adjustability by changing the E

f
of graphene. This means that the absorber exhibits excellent tunability by adjusting the physical parameters and E

f
of the absorber. Meanwhile, the absorber is polarization independent and insensitive to the incident angle. The fine characteristics of the absorber mean that the absorber has superior application value in many fields such as biotechnology and space exploration.
Proton induced radiation effect of SiC MOSFET under different bias
Authors: Zhang 张 Hong 鸿 , Guo 郭 Hong-Xia 红霞 , Lei 雷 Zhi-Feng 志锋 , Peng 彭 Chao 超 , Ma 马 Wu-Ying 武英 , Wang 王 Di 迪 , Sun 孙 Chang-Hao 常皓 , Zhang 张 Feng-Qi 凤祁 , Zhang 张 Zhan-Gang 战刚 , Yang 杨 Ye 业 , Lv 吕 Wei 伟 , Wang 王 Zhong-Ming 忠明 , Zhong 钟 Xiang-Li 向丽 , Ouyang 欧 Xiao-Ping 阳晓平
Published: February 2023

Radiation effects of silicon carbide metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistors (SiC MOSFETs) induced by 20 MeV proton under drain bias (V
D = 800 V, V
G = 0 V), gate bias (V
D = 0 V, V
G = 10 V), turn-on bias (V
D = 0.5 V, V
G = 4 V) and static bias (V
D = 0 V, V
G = 0 V) are investigated. The drain current of SiC MOSFET under turn-on bias increases linearly with the increase of proton fluence during the proton irradiation. When the cumulative proton fluence reaches 2 × 1011 p⋅cm−2, the threshold voltage of SiC MOSFETs with four bias conditions shifts to the left, and the degradation of electrical characteristics of SiC MOSFETs with gate bias is the most serious. In the deep level transient spectrum test, it is found that the defect energy level of SiC MOSFET is mainly the ON2 (E
c – 1.1 eV) defect center, and the defect concentration and defect capture cross section of SiC MOSFET with proton radiation under gate bias increase most. By comparing the degradation of SiC MOSFET under proton cumulative irradiation, equivalent 1 MeV neutron irradiation and gamma irradiation, and combining with the defect change of SiC MOSFET under gamma irradiation and the non-ionizing energy loss induced by equivalent 1 MeV neutron in SiC MOSFET, the degradation of SiC MOSFET induced by proton is mainly caused by ionizing radiation damage. The results of TCAD analysis show that the ionizing radiation damage of SiC MOSFET is affected by the intensity and direction of the electric field in the oxide layer and epitaxial layer.
A non-quasi-static model for nanowire gate-all-around tunneling field-effect transistors
Authors: Lu Bin , Ma Xin , Wang Dawei , Chai Guoqiang , Dong Linpeng , Miao Yuanhao
Published: February 2023

Nanowires with gate-all-around (GAA) structures are widely considered as the most promising candidate for 3-nm technology with the best ability of suppressing the short channel effects, and tunneling field effect transistors (TFETs) based on GAA structures also present improved performance. In this paper, a non-quasi-static (NQS) device model is developed for nanowire GAA TFETs. The model can predict the transient current and capacitance varying with operation frequency, which is beyond the ability of the quasi-static (QS) model published before. Excellent agreements between the model results and numerical simulations are obtained. Moreover, the NQS model is derived from the published QS model including the current–voltage (I–V) and capacitance–voltage (C–V) characteristics. Therefore, the NQS model is compatible with the QS model for giving comprehensive understanding of GAA TFETs and would be helpful for further study of TFET circuits based on nanowire GAA structure.
All-electron ZORA triple zeta basis sets for the elements Cs–La and Hf–Rn
Authors: Neto Antônio Canal , Jorge Francisco E. , da Cruz Henrique R. C.
Published: February 2023

Segmented all-electron basis set of triple zeta valence quality plus polarization functions (TZP) for the elements of the fifth row to be used together with the zero-order regular approximation (ZORA) is carefully constructed. To correctly describe electrons distant from atomic nuclei, the basis set is augmented with diffuse functions giving rise to a set designated as ATZP-ZORA. At the ZORA-B3LYP theoretical level, these sets are used to calculate the ionization energy and mean dipole polarizability of some atoms, bond length, dissociation energy, and harmonic vibrational frequency of diatomic molecules. Then, these results are compared with the theoretical and experimental data found in the literature. Even considering that our sets are relatively compact, they are sufficiently accurate and reliable to perform property calculations involving simultaneously electrons from the inner shell and outer shell. The performances of the ZORA and second-order Douglas–Kroll–Hess Hamiltonians are evaluated and the results are also discussed.
Constraining the Temperature-density Relation of the Inter-galactic Medium from Analytically Modeling Lyα Forest Absorbers
Authors: Yang Li , Zheng Zheng , Kim T.-S.
Published: February 2023

The absorption by neutral hydrogen in the intergalactic medium (IGM) produces the Lyα forest in the spectra of quasars. The Lyα forest absorbers have a broad distribution of neutral hydrogen column density N
H I and Doppler b parameter. The narrowest Lyα absorption lines (of lowest b) with neutral hydrogen column density above ∼1013cm−2 are dominated by thermal broadening, which can be used to constrain the thermal state of the IGM. Here we constrain the temperature-density relation

T
=

T

0

(
ρ

/

ρ

¯

)

γ
−
1

of the IGM at 1.6 < z < 3.6 by using N
H I and b parameters measured from 24 high-resolution and high-signal-to-noise quasar spectra and by employing an analytic model to model the N
H I-dependent low-b cutoff in the b distribution. In each N
H I bin, the b cutoff is estimated using two methods, one non-parametric method from computing the cumulative b distribution and a parametric method from fitting the full b distribution. We find that the IGM temperature T
0 at the mean gas density

ρ

¯

shows a peak of ∼1.5 × 104 K at z ∼ 2.7–2.9. At redshift higher than this, the index γ approximately remains constant, and it starts to increase toward lower redshifts. The evolution in both parameters is in good agreement with constraints from completely different approaches, which signals that He ii reionization completes around z ∼ 3.
Status of the Level-0 ATLAS barrel muon trigger for High-Luminosity LHC
Authors: Morodei F.
Published: February 2023

The Muon Spectrometer of the ATLAS detector will be substantially modified during the Phase-II Upgrade to cope with the higher particle rates and radiation levels of the High-Luminosity LHC. The entire trigger and readout electronics of the Resistive Plates Chambers will be replaced. The Resistive Plate Chambers’ hit data will be collected by on-detector Data Transmitter and Collector boards and will be sent off-detector to the Sector Logic boards, which will perform the Level-0 barrel muon trigger algorithm and the readout logic. This contribution presents the design of the Phase-II barrel muon trigger and data acquisition system and the development of the barrel Sector Logic board firmware and its challenges.
The NA62 level 0 calorimetric trigger fast readout implementation, commissioning and data taking performances
Authors: Ammendola R. , Battista D. , Paoluzzi G. , Salamon A. , Aliberti R. , Barbanera M. , Bonaiuto V. , Ceccucci A. , Checcucci B. , De Simone N. , Fantechi R. , Federici L. , Fucci A. , Lupi M. , Lurkin N. , Massri K. , Mirra M. , Parkinson C. , Pedreschi E. , Piandani R. , Piccini M. , Ruggiero G. , Ryjov V. , Salina G. , Sargeni F. , Sergi A. , Soldi D. , Spinella F. , Venditti S. , Zamkovsky M.
Published: February 2023

The NA62 experiment at the CERN SPS aims to measure the branching ratio of the very rare kaon decay

K

+

→

π

+

ν

ν

¯

. The Calorimetric Level 0 Trigger identifies clusters in the electromagnetic and hadronic calorimeters. Along with the trigger data sent to the L0 Trigger Processor, readout data is collected to be sent to the L1 software trigger. In this work we present the novel implementation of the readout data collection and forwarding system in the multiple layers of the calorimetric trigger structure. We will also present the commissioning of the system and the performance evaluation on current data taking.