bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of social interaction on the purchase behavior of social commerce consumers
Authors: Xq Li , Dashuai Ren , Zhen Jie
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND: Compared with traditional e-commerce, a significant feature of social commerce is the more complex network of social relations built by the user through frequent online interaction and communication. This relationship network strengthens the impact of social interaction on its purchase behavior and highlights the necessity to study social interaction in social commerce. OBJECTIVE: This research aims to study the mechanism of social interaction on the purchase behavior of social commerce consumers based on the SOR theory. METHODS: This research uses SEM to perform hypothesis testing. The survey data of 622 consumers are used to conduct empirical tests on the hypothesis proposed in the research. RESULTS: The research results show that user-website interaction, user-seller interaction, user-user interaction, user-online friend interaction can significantly enhance users’ physical presence; user-seller interaction, user-user interaction, and user-online friend interaction can significantly enhance users’ social presence; other variables can significantly enhance users’ flow experience except for the user-seller interaction; the physical presence and social presence significantly affect users’ impulsive purchasing intention, but have no significant effect on repeat purchasing intention; the flow experience significantly affects users’ impulsive purchasing willingness and repeat purchasing willingness. CONCLUSION: By connecting social interaction theory, presence theory, flow experience theory with consumer purchase behavior, the research group provides a new lens for how social interaction influence consumers’ purchase behavior in social business platform. The social business platform can learn from the research results of this paper and formulate corresponding measures to promote its own development.
Proof-search and countermodel generation for non-normal modal logics: The theorem prover PRONOM
Authors: Dalmonte Tiziano , Negri Sara , Olivetti Nicola , Pozzato Gian Luca
Published: January 2021

In this work we present PRONOM, a theorem prover and countermodel generator for non-normal modal logics. PRONOM implements some labelled sequent calculi recently introduced for the basic system E and its extensions with axioms M, N, and C based on bi-neighbourhood semantics. PRONOM is inspired by the methodology of leanTAP and is implemented in Prolog. When a modal formula is valid, then PRONOM computes a proof (a closed tree) in the labelled calculi having a sequent with an empty left-hand side and containing only that formula on the right-hand side as a root, otherwise PRONOM is able to extract a model falsifying it from an open, saturated branch. The paper shows some experimental results, witnessing that the performances of PRONOM are promising.
Prioritized multi-criteria federated learning
Authors: Anelli Vito Walter , Deldjoo Yashar , Di Noia Tommaso , Ferrara Antonio
Published: January 2021

In Machine Learning scenarios, privacy is a crucial concern when models have to be trained with private data coming from users of a service, such as a recommender system, a location-based mobile service, a mobile phone text messaging service providing next word prediction, or a face image classification system. The main issue is that, often, data are collected, transferred, and processed by third parties. These transactions violate new regulations, such as GDPR. Furthermore, users usually are not willing to share private data such as their visited locations, the text messages they wrote, or the photo they took with a third party. On the other hand, users appreciate services that work based on their behaviors and preferences. In order to address these issues, Federated Learning (FL) has been recently proposed as a means to build ML models based on private datasets distributed over a large number of clients, while preventing data leakage. A federation of users is asked to train a same global model on their private data, while a central coordinating server receives locally computed updates by clients and aggregate them to obtain a better global model, without the need to use clients’ actual data. In this work, we extend the FL approach by pushing forward the state-of-the-art approaches in the aggregation step of FL, which we deem crucial for building a high-quality global model. Specifically, we propose an approach that takes into account a suite of client-specific criteria that constitute the basis for assigning a score to each client based on a priority of criteria defined by the service provider. Extensive experiments on two publicly available datasets indicate the merits of the proposed approach compared to standard FL baseline.
Envisioning the future through e-transparency: Using OGD platforms to monitor government capacity in achieving policy goals
Authors: Przeybilovicz Erico , Cunha Maria Alexandra
Published: January 2021

In this study, a method was developed to allow a civil society organization to seek public budget information using open government data (OGD) available on platforms. Accordingly, an empirical study was conducted based on Design Science Research (DSR) to address how to monitor the future outcome of national education policy through e-transparency tools. The method designed, represented in a flowchart tool, revealed some aspects regarding the implications of e-transparency for the monitoring and projection of public policy accomplishment, identifying and addressing five constraints for the use of OGD platforms: granularity, traceability, correlation, accessibility, and usability. When monitoring is possible, civil society is interested in using the information to project the future outcomes of public policy rather than monitor the past, which creates a feature in envisioning the future public policy accomplishment.
The effects of open government data: Some stylised facts
Authors: Francey Alizée , Mettler Tobias
Published: January 2021

There is a general expectation that open government data (OGD) can lead to the generation of value for government, business, and society. However, there appears to be a lack of scholarly literature that empirically validates what this value is or how it emerges. This paper addresses this concern by exploring what empirical evidence currently exists about the effects stemming from OGD in the case literature. Through the use of a literature review, 17 papers capturing empirical evidence were identified and, from these papers, a systematic collection of statements was extracted from which 173 were retained to construct what we term nine stylised facts. The identified stylised facts depicting features and correlations provide some insights into the de facto positive, negative and/or inconclusive effects relating to OGD as opposed to simply opinions and beliefs.
A Single-Chain Variable Fragment Antibody Inhibits Aggregation of Phosphorylated Tau and Ameliorates Tau Toxicity in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Li Sen , Yi Yushan , Cui Ke , Zhang Yanqiu , Chen Yange , Han Dou , Sun Ling , Zhang Xiaohui , Chen Fei , Zhang Yixin , Yang Yufeng
Published: January 2021

Background:

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a common cause of dementia among elderly people. Hyperphosphorylation and aggregation of tau correlates with the clinical progression of AD; therefore, therapies targeting the aggregation of tau may have potential applications for anti-AD drug development. Several inhibitors of tau aggregation, including small molecules and antibodies, have been found to decrease the aggregation of tau and the corresponding pathology.

Objective:

To screen one kind of single-chain variable fragment (scFv) antibody which could inhibit the aggregation of tau and ameliorate its cytotoxicity.

Methods/Results:

Using phosphorylated tau (pTau) as an antigen, we obtained a scFv antibody via the screening of a high-capacity phage antibody library. Biochemical analysis revealed that this scFv antibody (scFv T1) had a strong ability to inhibit pTau aggregation both in dilute solutions and under conditions of macromolecular crowding. ScFv T1 could also depolymerize preformed pTau aggregates in vitro. Furthermore, scFv T1 was found to be able to inhibit the cytotoxicity of extracellular pTau aggregates and ameliorate tau-mediated toxicity when coexpressed with a hTauR406W mutant in the eye of transgenic Drosophila flies.

Conclusion:

This scFv T1 antibody may be a potential new therapeutic agent against AD. Our methods can be used to develop novel strategies against protein aggregation for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
Declining Use of Potentially Inappropriate Medication in People with Dementia from 2000 to 2015: A Repeated Cross-Sectional Nationwide Register-Based Study
Authors: Kristensen Rachel Underlien , Jensen-Dahm Christina , Gasse Christiane , Waldemar Gunhild
Published: January 2021

Background:

Studies have shown declining use of potentially inappropriate medication (PIM), medication where risks associated with use outweigh potential benefits in older people. However, the trend in people with dementia remains unknown.

Objective:

To test the hypothesis that the use of PIM has decreased in people with dementia in line with the declining use in the general older population.

Methods:

Repeated cross-sectional register-based study of the entire Danish population aged ≥65 years (2000: N = 802,106; 2015: N = 1,056,476). PIM was identified using the Danish “Red-yellow-green list”. Changes in the use of PIM were examined by calculating the annual prevalence of filling prescriptions for at least one PIM in older people with and without dementia. Characteristics of the study population were examined annually including comorbidity.

Results:

From 2000 to 2015, the prevalence of PIM use decreased from 54.7%to 43.5%in people with dementia and from 39.5%to 28.8%in people without dementia; the decrease was significant across all age groups and remained so in a sensitivity analysis where antipsychotics were removed. During the same period, comorbidity scores increased in people with and without dementia.

Conclusion:

The declining use of PIM in people with dementia from 2000 to 2015 parallels the trend in the general older population. The use of PIM decreased despite increasing levels of comorbidity and was not solely attributable to the decreasing use of antipsychotics in people with dementia. However, PIM use remained more widespread in people with dementia who may be more vulnerable to the risks associated with PIM.
Developing a smart walking cane with remote electrocardiogram and fall detection
Authors: Chou Hsi-Chiang , Han Kai-Yu
Published: January 2021

This study developed a smart cane with remote electrocardiogram (ECG) and fall detection. The cane comprises a self-developed ECG detection circuit, fall detection module composed of a three-axis gyroscope and three-axis accelerator, and two wireless transmission modules. The data reception end features a human–machine interface with self-developed ECG analysis and fall detection programs, providing reference data for identifying an abnormal situation. The hardware of the proposed system is divided into two parts. First, ECG detection is achieved using a copper column-shaped detector in place of conventional ECG electrodes. The self-developed sensor circuit amplifies the collected signals and filters unwanted noise to generate complete ECG signals. An Arduino MEGA microcontroller board and the two wireless transmission modules then transmit the signals to the human–machine interface. Second, fall detection is achieved using the aforementioned fall detection module to collect numerical data, which are then transmitted to the human–machine interface through the Arduino MEGA and wireless transmission modules. The proposed system can be applied to real-time monitoring and provide reference data for health care professionals and nursing personnel.
An realistic study on the assessment system of international competitiveness of service trade using fuzzy-analytic network process
Authors: Yu Guo , Li Weijian , Zhou Xiaobo
Published: January 2021

The Belt and Road (abbreviated as B&R) creates opportunities for the economy and trade development and the improvement of national relations of the Belt and Road countries. Development of service trade plays an important role in the Belt and Road. Henan Province takes the opportunity of B&R to develop the international service industry and makes some achievements. In the new era of development, analyzing the trade competitiveness of international service in Henan Province under the background of the Belt and Road is of great significance to help Henan Province recognize its own strengths and weaknesses in service trade development and make targeted improvements. Studies have shown that the share of international market, revealed, advantages of comparative competitiveness trade and service trade openness of service trade in Henan Province under the background of the Belt and Road are constantly improving, but the overall development level is still low and slow development occurs. We utilize the concept of fuzzy embedded along with Analytic Network Process (ANP) which makes it suitable for managing vagueness of the linguistics information of assessment system. Therefore, in order to further improve the international competitiveness of service trade in Henan Province, it is necessary to optimize the international market share, competitiveness, and degree of openness. Specifically, it is necessary to transform and upgrade the traditional service trade industry, continue to expand the breadth and depth of service trade openness, strengthen the talent team building to improve the quality of employees, and promote the brand construction of service industry to enhance the industry’s development potential.
Model design artificial intelligence and research of adaptive network intrusion detection and defense system using fuzzy logic
Authors: Luo Xiaolin
Published: January 2021

Along with improvement of technology in network and continuous expansion of network economy and network applications, the Internet has gradually become an indispensable part of the modern society. However, an endless stream of hacker attacks and network virus events make network security issues stand out. Therefore, network security has become a hot spot in computer network research and development. This paper aims at establishing a real-time detection and dynamic defense security system and makes an in-depth study of intrusion detection technology and defense decision-making technology. The strategy involved in finding the intrusion behavior since the fuzzy base contains the better group of rules. We have utilized an automated fuzzy rule generation strategy. An adaptive network intrusion detection and defense system model is established, and the architecture of the model is discussed in detail. The platform independence, good self-adaptability, expansibility, multi-level data analysis and dynamic defense decision-making are expounded. The experiment proves that the model proposed in this article has a good self-adaptability and open construction, and effectively combines the functions of intrusion detection and defense decision-making.
A neutrosophic folding and retraction on a single-valued neutrosophic graph
Authors: Abu-Saleem M.
Published: January 2021

The main aim of this article is to present neutrosophic folding and neutrosophic retractions on a single-valued neutrosophic graph Ğ from the viewpoint of geometry and topology. For this reason, we use a sequence of neutrosophic transformations on Ğ to obtain a new single-valued neutrosophic graph G ˇ 1 which contains different parameters under new conditions. We deduce the isometric neutrosophic folding on neutrosophic spheres and neutrosophic torii. Also, we determine the relationship between the limit neutrosophic folding and the limit of neutrosophic retraction on Ğ. Theorems regulating these relations are attained.
THE IMPACT OF COVID-19 PANDEMICON EDUCATION AND JUDICIAL PRACTICEIN INDONESIA
Authors: Abidin Zainal , Tobibatussa'adah Tobibatussa'adah
Published: January 2021

The corona virus has made fundamental changes to educational and legal practices in Indonesia. The large number of Covid-19 cases that have occurred in Indonesia makes holding state policies must be active to tackle the spread of this deadly virus, one of which is changing the pattern and model of education including trial administration using online media depending on the zone categorization set by the government. This paper finds out what happened during the Indonesian pandemic. First, in education, the emergence of covid-19 has made significant changes in the learning process by utilizing online learning media, and students are starting to be sent home, including in the context of higher education. Second, in the field of justice , trial administration in a number of courts is still carried out with due observance of health protocols, some trials are also conducted using an online trial model using various media, so that the law enforcement process continues. This paper also explains that the Covid-19 pandemic has become the center of serious attention of the government, including in providing education and implementing judicial processes in the world of law in Indonesia. Or in other words that even in the midst of a pandemic, activities must continue in various aspects, especially during the new normal era.
THE ROLE OF THE STUDENT TEACHER MUSYAWARAH (MGMP) IN IMPROVING THE UNDERSTANDING OF PKN TEACHERS ABOUT HUMAN RIGHTS (HAM)
Authors: Abbas Aries , Marhamah Marhamah
Published: January 2021

Respecting children's views is a fundamental principle that relates to all aspects of the implementation and interpretation of other articles of the convention. Every child's views need to be considered in making decisions that will affect the child's life and development. Factors that can affect the understanding of Civics teachers, the existence of socialization with fellow Civics teachers, the existence of a two-way communication with MGMP members, the existence of shared perceptions in overcoming problematic students, the existence of collaboration when solving problems faced by students and cooperation can be carried out with teachers PAI, counseling teachers, Civics teachers must know or really understand the role and objectives of Civics learning, because Civics subjects have a role in education to develop character development through the role of Civics teachers. In accordance with one of the missions of the new paradigm Civics subject, namely as character education. Civics as one of the subjects that have content in moral education and nationalism, is a subject that is obliged to take part in the character education process through the role of Civics teachers. By applying appropriate teaching methods and supported by all levels of personnel at these educational institutions, Civics teachers can take the initiative to be the driving force for the character learning program. As the output of this Civics learning, there will be a generation with truly quality human resources in accordance with the goals of national education.
MANUSIA DAN AGAMA
Authors: Asrori Achmad
Published: January 2021

The study of humans is a very interesting study, because besides being approachable from various aspects, it also concerns us as human beings. This study of humans has been done for a long time since the time of the ancient philosophers in Greece. They have started talking about humans, besides talking about God and the universe. This study of humans also eventually gave birth to various scientific disciplines, such as sociology, anthropology, biology, psychology, and other sciences.Religion is a part that cannot be separated from humans, considering that since humans were born into the world, God has actually been equipped with religion. For this reason, the relationship between humans and religion will be explained in this section so that it becomes clear that religion is an absolute necessity for humans and humans cannot live in order and prosperity in this world without religion. In other words, human nature is religious, so when a human claims to be non-religious means he has lied to himself and at the same time has done wrong against him.
Effectiveness of Levodropropizine on Post-Operative Sore Throat After Endotracheal Intubation for Head and Neck Surgery: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Ducto Ivabelle , Cachuela Joseph
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT

Objective: To determine the effectiveness of levodropropizine in reducing the incidence of post-operative sore throat (POST) among ear, nose, throat, head and neck (ENT-HNS) patients undergoing general endotracheal anesthesia.

Methods:Design: Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo Controlled TrialSetting: Tertiary Government Training Hospital Participants: Sixty (60) ENT-HNS patients aged between 19 to 60 years old admitted to the Southern Philippines Medical Center from January to March 2019 for surgeries on benign thyroid tumors, benign submandibular gland tumors and tonsils requiring orotracheal intubation were randomized into control and treatment groups of 30 patients each.

Results: There was a statistically significant difference (p=.0016) in the incidence of POST 6 hours after surgery between control (25/30; 83%) and treatment (16/30; 53.33%) groups. However, confounders such as length and type of surgery (more females and tonsillectomy cases in the control group) were not fully eliminated by randomization.

Conclusion: Perioperative levodropropizine significantly decreases the incidence of moderate (as well as mild) postoperative sore throat. It was not shown to decrease the incidence of severe sore throat. A larger cohort (adjusted for other confounders) may better describe the benefit of this treatment.
Prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus and Clinicodemographic Profiles of Patients with Head and Neck Infections in a Philippine Tertiary Government Hospital
Authors: Santos Jesusa
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT

Objective: To determine the prevalence of diabetes mellitus among patients admitted for head and neck infections and describe their clinicodemographic features.

Methods:Design: Retrospective Case SeriesSetting: Tertiary Government Training HospitalParticipants: Forty-two (42) patients

Results: Out of 211 adult patients admitted for head and neck infections during the study period, 42 (20%) were diagnosed to have concomitant diabetes mellitus (DM). Only 6 (14%) were known to have DM before admission while 28 (67%) were found to have DM only after admission. The most common site of infection was the neck (11; 26%). More than half of the patients (24; 57.1%) had infections in the head only, 17 (40.5%) had infections in the neck only, and 1 (2.4%) had infections in both the head and neck regions. Among these, 26 (61.9%) had infection in one site only, 15 (35.7%) had infections in two sites and one (2.4%) had infections in three sites. The majority (28; 66.7%) had an unknown etiology of infection with spontaneous appearance of redness and swelling in the involved area. Six (14.3%) were odontogenic, five (11.9%) were due to skin trauma, and three (7.1%) were due to nasal mucosal trauma. Available cultures in 14 patients revealed 12 (86%) with aerobic microorganisms and two (14%) with anaerobic growths. Half of the aerobic cultures grew K. pneumoniae. All patients were started on empiric intravenous antibiotics and over half of them (52.4%) needed surgical management. More than half (27; 64.3%) suffered from diabetic head and neck-associated complications, categorized into orbital (56%), organ/systemic (26%), local (11%), and neural (7%). Despite these complications, the majority (37, 86%) went home improved while five (12%) expired.

Conclusion: This study found that 20% of patients admitted for head and neck infections during the study period had concurrent DM. Guided by known clinicodemographic haracteristics, patients admitted with suspicious head and neck infections must be promptly screened for concomitant DM and properly managed before substantial morbidity and death ensue. Otolaryngologists - head and neck surgeons, endocrinologists, general practitioners and patients alike must be cognizant of diabetic head and neck infections so that they can be prevented or managed early before complications set in.
Assessment of Nasal Airflow and Pain, Safety and Cost of an Improvised Nasal Airway (Nasogastric) Tube After Endoscopic Sinus Surgery
Authors: Rojo Josephine Grace , Ramos Rachel Zita
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT

Objective: To compare subjective nasal airflow and overall pain score (as well as safety and added cost of) using an improvised nasal airway tube (nasogastric tube) versus nasal packing after endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) for chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP).

Methods:Design: Quasi - Experimental Prospective Cohort StudySetting: Tertiary Government Training HospitalParticipants: Twenty-six (26) consecutive patients aged 18 to 77 years old diagnosed with CRSwNP who underwent ESS were alternately assigned to an experimental group (A) of 13, where an improvised nasal airway (nasogastric) tube was placed in addition to the nasal pack or a control group (B) of 13 with nasal packing alone.

Results: There was a significant difference in subjective nasal airflow between experimental (A) and control (B) groups during the immediate postoperative period where the mean subjective airflow was 8.07 and 0.00 over 10.00, respectively. No significant difference was noted between the groups in terms of age, gender, severity of polyposis and overall pain score. No complications such as bleeding, Toxic Shock Syndrome, vestibular or alar injury and septal necrosis were noted immediately post-op and after one week follow-up in both groups. An approximate cost of PhP 25 was added to group A.

Conclusion: An improvised nasal airway using a nasogastric tube provides adequate airflow without additional pain in the immediate postoperative period. It is safe to use and an affordable option for patients in need of nasal airway stents residing in areas where a preformed nasal packing with incorporated tube stent is not available.
A Linguistic Validation Study on the Filipino Dizziness Handicap Inventory
Authors: Agustin Sherwin , Ureta Celso , Almazan Natividad
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT

Objective: To determine the validity and reliability of the Filipino Dizziness Handicap Inventory (FDHI) questionnaire among geriatric patients with dizziness.

Methods:Design: Linguistic ValidationSetting: Tertiary Government Training HospitalParticipants: Twenty-five (25) patients

Results: The dizziness handicap inventory was translated into Filipino by a Filipino language specialist and an ENT specialist who are experts in their field. The translated version was easily understood by the 25 geriatric patients with Cronbach α scores of .957 overall [M = 2.16; SD = 1.93]. Sub-domain item-total correlation scores (physical M = 2.6, SD = 1.90, Cronbach α = .860; emotional M = 1.66, SD = 1.84, Cronbach α = .901; and functional M = 2.5, SD = 1.97, Cronbach α = .902) demonstrated validity of the respective subdomains.

Conclusion: The Filipino Dizziness Handicap Inventory questionnaire is an internally valid tool for assessment of dizziness among geriatric patients. External validity and reliability can be evaluated in future studies employing corroborative measures and repeated testing.
LA SODDISFAZIONE LAVORATIVA COME INDICATORE DI QUALITA’ PER IL DIRIGENTE DELLE PROFESSIONI SANITARIE: UNO STUDIO OSSERVAZIONALE
Authors: Ziello Martina , Lombardi Andrea , Mitello Lucia , Giannarelli Diana , Fabriani Loredana , Gravante Francesco , Gagliardi Anna Maria , Latina Roberto , Mauro Lucia
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Job satisfaction is defined as a person’s positive attitude towards their job do and which can affect the performance of nurses and the quality of care provided. A work environment that fosters good mutual professional support, development opportunities and growth can increase job satisfaction. Aim: This study describe the job satisfaction of nurses in two Italian hospitals in Rome. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in two metropolitan hospitals in Rome, in different setting, from October to November 2017. The Italian version of Stamps’ Index of Work Satisfaction was used. ANOVA was used to evaluate the differences between more than two groups. Results: On 504 questionnaires distributed only 264 were completed, with a response rate of 52%. Of the 7 variables investigated, autonomy obtained the highest average score (Mean = 42.4; SD = 7.7) followed by professional status (Mean = 33.3; SD = 7.2), interaction with colleagues (Mean = 25.4; SD = 5.6), organizational policies (Mean = 20.5; SD = 5.7), task requirements (Mean = 19.6; SD = 5.9), interactions with doctors (Mean = 18.9; DS = 5.5) and pay (Mean = 14.2; SD = 6.5). The main factors that correlated with job satisfaction are the turnover (P = 0.002) and the type of contract (P = 0.004). Conclusions: This study has shown that autonomy, professional status and adequate pay, increase the level of job satisfaction for Index of Work Satisfaction, in addition, turnover and contract type are professional factors connected to the increase in job satisfaction.
NK and Th17 cells in the thymus of myasthenia gravis patients
Authors: Bekircan-Kurt Can Ebru
Published: January 2021

Objective: As a classical autoimmune disorder, anti-acetylcholine receptor (AChR) antibody positive myasthenia gravis (MG) has an unconventional pathophysiology that involves thymus, the central organ for immune tolerance induction. Both natural killer (NK) cells and type 17 helper T (Th17) cells possess capacity to influence autoimmune inflammation. This study aims to determine the presence of Th17 and NK cells in the thymus from MG patients. Methods: Thymectomy materials of MG patients and non-MG controls were assessed by CD56, CD16, CD2, CD3, NKG2D, NKp46 and IL-23R flow cytometry and IL-23R, IL-21R, and ROR-γ immunohistochemistry. Results: Even though NK cell infiltration was limited, the majority of these cells displayed activation markers NKG2D and NKp46. Expectedly, the amount of CD2+ lymphocytic cells were higher than CD3+ thymocytes in which a considerable percentage was carrying the receptor for IL-23 (IL-23R). In addition to IL-23R, IL-21R, and ROR-γ were also detected in MG thymus as a marker related to Th17 cells. These Th17-related markers were reduced in thymoma compared to that of detected in thymic hyperplasia or the MG thymus with normal histopathology. Conclusion: Both NK cells and Th17 cells are found in the MG thymus indicating a possible cross-regulation between these cell types that may influence the course of autoimmune reactions.
Antibiotic Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Use Among Early Years Medical and Non-medical Students in Tanzania
Authors: Bochkaeva Zanda V
Published: January 2021

Background and aim of the study: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has been called one of the greatest threats of the century worldwide. Self-treatment with antibiotics impacts the most on AMR. High-income countries have been conscious of the problem for several years, while Tanzania shows the increasing trend of self-medication with antibacterial. We aimed to assess and compare knowledge and antibiotics use experience among Tanzanian medical (MD) and non-medical (non-MD) students. Methods: The current study was conducted in the largest Tanzanian university, the University of Dodoma. The study was based on questionnaire survey, which included questions regarding knowledge and experience of use of antibiotics, and socioeconomic situation of the respondent. Results: Medical students were found to be more educated about antimicrobials. Although no significant difference in antibiotics use among MD and non-MD was observed and MD had slightly higher percentage of self-treatment experience, factors associated with the self-treatment were different: educational for medical students and economic factor for non-medical. Analysis of antibiotic trends showed Ampicillin, Amoxicillin and others from Penicillin group to be the most popular among both of groups. Nevertheless, many students confused antibiotics, pain killers and antiallergic drugs. Conclusion: In general, results could have been predicted. The higher prevalence of self-treatment among early-years MD students, AMR illiteracy and common attitude to antibiotics proved again the necessity of antibiotic use guidance and control in the country.
Management of Splenic Artery Aneurysms during Pregnancy
Authors: Akkapulu Nezih , Karakoç Derya
Published: January 2021

Splenic artery aneurysms are considered rare; however, they are the most common visceral artery aneurysm in reality. The incidence of splenic artery aneurysm (SAA) increases in pregnancy and may result in significant maternal and fetal mortality if that would develop. This review summarizes etiologic, clinical, and diagnostic features and management of splenic artery aneurysms during pregnancy in the light of recent literature.
Comparison of Compliance of Different Iron Chelators Including Original and Bioequivalents of Deferasirox
Authors: Aksu Tekin , Özbek Namık Yaşar , Söker Murat , Coşkun Çağrı , Güzelküçük Zeliha , Üzel Hülya Veysiye , Yaralı Neşe , Gümrük Fatma , Ünal Şule
Published: January 2021

Objective: The current iron chelation therapy regimens include deferoxamine (DFO), deferiprone (DFP), and deferasirox (DFX) in transfusion-dependent patients. Compliance with iron-chelating therapy is one of the significant determinants of mortality and morbidities related to iron loading in chronically transfused patients. This survey aims to compare the compliance and the satisfaction of DFO, DFP, and DFX formulations in patients who have iron-overloading in three hematology centers from Turkey. Moreover, bioequivalent (generic) formulations of dispersible DFX tablet compared with the original formulation in terms of taste and treatment compliance.

Patients and Methods: A written questionnaire with a list of pre-set questions was applied to measure patient-reported outcomes to a total of 85 patients, where 77 had beta-thalassemia major, 7 had beta-thalassemia intermedia, and 1 had sickle cell anemia diagnoses.

Results: The patients’ median age at enrollment was 15 years (range 7 – 42). The compliance was below 50% in 8 (18.6%), 4 (16%), and 5 (6.7%) in patients receiving DFO, DFP, and DFX, respectively. Additionally the compliance was below 80% in 16 (37.2%), 9 (36%), and 17 (22.6%) in patients receiving DFO, DFP, and DFX, respectively. It was found that 39 (47%) patients had compliance problems due to the dispersible DFX tablet formulations’ taste, except combination therapies. There was no difference between the currently used oral chelators in terms of taste and treatment compliance.

Conclusion: This study draws attention to compliance problems in patients with iron-loading anemias, partly due to the unpleasant taste of DFX. Improving patient satisfaction and compliance with iron-chelator therapy may reduce complications of iron overload.
Stroke-Like Hemiparesis During Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Treatment
Authors: Yaman Bajin İnci , Kuşkonmaz Barış , Ünal Şule , Aytaç Selin , Çetin Mualla , Ardalı Selin , Karlı Oğuz Kader , Gümrük Fatma
Published: January 2021

In this case report; a 12-year-old male with ALL who developed transient left hemiparesis associated with dysphasia and central facial paralysis 14 days after high dose methotrexate (5g/m2) and intrathecal MTX (12 mg, according to age) treatment has been reported. Cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed restricted diffusion in bilateral centrum semiovale compatible with MTX-induced acute encephalopathy. All clinical symptoms resolved completely without any treatment.

Clinical findings including headache, nausea, emesis, lethargy, altered mental status, blurred vision, aphasia, dysphasia, hemiparesis and cranial MRI findings of restricted diffusion that does not comply with the territory of ​​any artery seizure should alert the physician for MTX-induced acute encephalopathy.
Budapesti közüzemi szolgáltatások egyes szabályozási és hatékonysági kérdései a 2010-es állampénzügyi reform után
Authors: Lentner Csaba , Molnár Petronella
Published: January 2021

Az államháztartási szektor törvények által vindikált szabályozási, vagyoni és pénzügyi eszközei birtokában felel a lakosság számára biztosítandó közfeladatok ellátásáért, közszolgáltatások nyújtásáért. Mind a központi költségvetési, mind pedig az önkormányzati szféra a közszolgáltatások ellátását a tulajdonában álló gazdasági társaságokra bízhatja. Ebből adódóan a közüzemi vállalatok a nemzeti vagyonnal gazdálkodnak, így tőlük is elvárt a folyamatos rentábilis és költséghatékony működés, sőt a szolgáltatásnyújtás folyamatosságának biztosítása. A 2008‑asgazdasági világválság óta nemcsak a klasszikusan profitorientált vállalatoknál, hanem a közüzemeknél és a költségvetési rend szerinti gazdálkodóknál is jelentős szerepe van a vállalkozás folytatása számviteli alapelv érvényesülésének, ugyanis tevékenységük a társadalom egészére közvetlenül, a mindennapok szintjén kihat. A 2010 után megvalósított közpénzügyi reform és ennek keretében a következetesebb ellenőrzési rendszer a közüzemi vállalatok működésére is kedvező hatással van, vagyis az erősebb állami és tulajdonosi kontroll a közüzemi vállalatok stabilabb, gazdaságosabb működését tette lehetővé. Tanulmányunkban Budapest közigazgatási területén szolgáltató állami, valamint önkormányzati tulajdonban lévő közüzemi gazdasági társaságok szektorvetületű beszámolóit vettük górcső alá, és értékeltük vagyoni, pénzügyi, illetve jövedelmezőségi szempontból. Arra kerestük a választ, hogy a hatósági árszabályozás a gazdálkodásukat hogyan befolyásolta, az Állami Számvevőszék által általános követelményként megfogalmazott gazdálkodási fegyelem javulása mennyiben kompenzálta a hatósági árszabályozás kiváltotta nettó bevételük „fékeződését”. Tanulmányunkban azon ágazatok mögött meghúzódó közüzemi vállalatok éves beszámolóit vizsgáltuk, amelyeket a hatósági árszabályozás érintett.
Szerv, szervezet és szervezetrendszer a közigazgatásban
Authors: Temesi István
Published: January 2021

A közigazgatással foglalkozó tudományos munkák és a közigazgatásra vonatkozó joganyag magától értetődő természetességgel használja a szerv, szervezet, szervezetrendszer fogalmakat, pedig e fogalmak definiálása, valamint pontos és következetes használatuk több figyelmet érdemelne. A tanulmány a szerv és a szervezet fogalmakat és egymáshoz való viszonyát célozza vizsgálni többek között a jogi szabályozás segítségével. A vizsgált kifejezések használata mind a szakirodalomban, mind a jogi szabályozásban pontatlan és következetlen.
Protection of Animals in the Constitutions of the European Countries
Authors: Vetter Szilvia , Ózsvári László , Boros Anita
Published: January 2021

The aim of the study is to examine how animal protection, especially that of animal specimens, is included in the European constitutions. San Marino and the United Kingdom have no classical, written constitutions, hence, a total of 42 European constitutions were studied. Animals typically appear in the constitution as species that, as part of nature and the environment, must be conserved in order to preserve biodiversity. There are only a few constitutions in Europe that reflect a narrowly defined approach to animal protection. According to this, animals as individuals must be protected because of their intrinsic value. The research has shown that 14% (6 countries) of the European countries examined contain both species and specimen protection provisions in their constitutions. The vast majority, 69% (29 countries) included only animal species protection provisions in the constitution. 17% (7 countries) of the European constitutions do not contain a provision based on any of the criteria. Only Austria, Germany, Luxembourg, Slovenia, Sweden and Switzerland have provisions for individual protection of animals at constitutional level. In Switzerland, a unique legal institution, the “dignity of animals” was given constitutional protection.
The Exploration of Integrating Piano Teaching into Ideological and Political Education from the Perspective of Morality Building and People Cultivating
Authors: Rao Tingting
Published: January 2021

In the process of ideological and political education, ideological and political courses, as a hot topic, can promote the construction of modern ideological and political teaching systems. Mainly from the perspective of morality building and people cultivating, this article takes the piano course as the main research object, introduces in detail the connotation of the ideological and political curriculum, the internal connection between the ideological and political curriculum and the piano curriculum, and explores the ideological and political teaching methods in the piano curriculum, in order to give colleagues in the industry some reference.
Análisis de la funcionalidad familiar y su relación con la calidad de vida de las familias de un barrio urbano marginal de la ciudad de quito, febrero a septiembre de 2014
Authors: Guerra Díaz Erika Alexandra , Juna Juca Christian Fernando , Brito Santacruz Carmita Jannett , Díaz Guerrero María Del Cisne
Published: January 2021

La presente investigación congrega temas relacionados con el Análisis de la funcionalidad familiar y su relación con la calidad de vida de las familias de un barrio urbano marginal en la ciudad de Quito.  Con la finalidad de alcanzar los objetivos propuestos, se sistematiza la información sobre la funcionalidad familiar, las dimensiones del sistema familiar como son mantenimiento del sistema, cambio de sistema, cohesión e individuación de las familias y se describen las metas del sistema familiar: control, estabilidad, crecimiento, espiritualidad de las familias, que se consideran pilares fundamentales en la determinación de la funcionalidad familiar. Posterior al levantamiento de los datos y análisis de los mismos, se concluye que la efectividad de la funcionalidad familiar evidencia niveles bajos y que comprenden al 83,33% del total de las familias en estudio. Únicamente en 16,67% del total de las familias alcanzan un nivel medio de efectividad en la funcionalidad familiar, y un 0% de   las familias se ubican en un alto nivel de efectividad en la funcionalidad familiar. La efectividad de la funcionalidad familiar al relacionarse con las dimensiones de la salud física y mental de la calidad de vida relacionada a salud tienden a vincularse directamente en forma positiva o negativa. Así en el estudio se encuentra que los niveles de la efectividad de la funcionalidad familiar no sobrepasan los 55 puntos que corresponden a un nivel intermedio en vista que las apreciaciones de las familias sobre su salud no sobrepasan los niveles aceptables.
Adolescentes adictos a redes sociales y tecnología
Authors: Fuertes López Jhon Harol , Armas Téllez Leyanis Yolanda
Published: January 2021

La investigación fue realizada en adolescentes de la Unidad Educativa Tulcán, con el objetivo de identificar la adicción a las redes sociales y tecnología y las alteraciones psicológicas que se generan. En la actualidad la tecnología representa, uno de los mejores avances para la ciencia, siendo una herramienta indispensable para generar nuevos conocimientos, pero sin duda también aporta a que muchos adolescentes la utilicen de forma inadecuada generando diferentes problemas en su salud psicológica y social. Se realizó un estudio de tipo descriptivo, cuali-cuantitativo y de campo utilizando como técnica investigativa la encuesta y la aplicación de un test. Al ejecutar la investigación se pudo evidenciar que el 35% tiene nomofobia moderada, el 37% dedica de 3 a 5 horas diarias a las redes sociales, el 55% afirma ponerse de mal humor al no estar conectados y no poder intercambiar información con sus amigos virtuales, el 59% asegura que se ven afectados en sus horas de sueño debido a la adicción a las redes sociales, el 78% prefiere la vida virtual que el mundo real. Se concluyó que el uso excesivo de las redes sociales, pueden causar adicción como cualquier otra sustancia o conducta típica. Éstas contribuyen a que la cohesión social se disperse, ya que el uso de las mismas se tergiversa, principalmente por los adolescentes. La fuerte capacidad adictiva de internet se acrecienta en gran medida por su amplia disponibilidad, el bajo costo y el fácil manejo.
Prevalencia de la automedicación como un problema de salud
Authors: Noguera Jaramil Alexander Arcesio , Chapi Chandi Mayra Maribel
Published: January 2021

La automedicación es un problema con el que se ha venido conviviendo desde hace muchos años, y por ser un inconveniente en la labor sanitaria a nivel local, nacional y mundial va a ser objeto de un análisis exhaustivo en la presente investigación.  El objetivo de esta investigación fue conocer la prevalencia de la automedicación en pacientes atendidos en el hospital Básico San Gabriel (HBSG) en el periodo junio 2016 " julio 2017, Cantón Montufar, provincia del Carchi, además de fomentar que dichos pacientes eviten esta práctica que puede ser muy grave y que conlleva varios riesgos para el paciente.  Se atendió 1262 pacientes en el área de emergencia y 849 pacientes en área de hospitalización, la prevalencia fue 40.8% de pacientes que incurren a la automedicación antes de acudir al establecimiento de salud para ser atendidos por un profesional, los fármacos más consumidos fueron analgésicos, antibióticos y antigripales, en algunos casos hasta antibióticos solo manejados a nivel hospitalario pero que son despachados por las farmacias sin discriminación ni control alguno, entre las principales fuentes de información que conllevan a la automedicación son la televisión, el internet y la plática de persona a persona. Los resultados de esta investigación reportan cifras alarmantes de automedicación ya que casi la mitad de pacientes atendidos en este establecimiento de salud se automedican previa la atención médica, teniendo en cuenta que en dicha casa de salud se atienden un variado número de pacientes con diferente etnia y nacionalidad.  Por ello es necesario crear políticas urgentes a nivel sanitario y de control para evitar que la práctica de la automedicación disminuya notablemente y/o desaparezca de nuestra población para beneficio no solo de la salud ecuatoriana sino de la salud mundial.
Implementación de la estrategia nacional de inmunización en población de los cantones San Pedro de Huaca " Tulcan de la provincia del Carchi
Authors: Antonio Jamil Quintero Otoya , Eder Eden Manosalvas Sanchez
Published: January 2021

Al proporcionar la información completa sobre los objetivos, metas, estrategias, indicadores y programación de Estrategias Nacional de Inmunización (ENI) por localidades a nivel nacional, la implementación de la ENI en la población de la provincia del Carchi " Cantón San Pedro de Huaca y Tulcán en niños menores de 1 años - de 12 a 24 meses, se garantiza la inmunización en esta población y la equidad, a través de vacunas de calidad, gratuitas, que satisfagan al usuario, basada en una gerencia y vigilancia epidemiológica efectivas y eficientes en todos los niveles de gestión. Durante el año 2017 de enero " agosto se ha logrado alcanzar coberturas por encima del 50 % de vacunación con esquema completo, cumpliendo el objetivo primordial de la  (ENI) de erradicar seis enfermedades prioritarias: tuberculosis (formas severas), poliomielitis, difteria, tos ferina o pertussis, tétanos y sarampión, estableciendo estrategias para fortalecer e incrementar la captación de menores de dos años, garantizando la cobertura de vacunas con esquema completo en ésta población. Entre los indicadores de análisis del desempeño estratégico y operativo, establecidos por el control nacional de inmunización, se encuentra como indicador las coberturas de administración de vacunación de rotavirus (segunda dosis), y pentavalente (tercera dosis), obteniendo en el mes de agosto el 89.16% y 89.24%, respectivamente