bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Reappraisal of Hypecoum pendulum and H. parviflorum (Hypecoaceae)
Authors: Debnath H. S. , Nayar M. P.
Published: May 2024

Hypecoum pendulum & H. parviflorum complex is reviewed and their interrelationships are discussed. The proper status and delimitation of the two species sure made with the help of pollen morphology and SEM studies of spermoderm of the seeds.
Asplenium × Germanicum Auct., a Fern Hybrid, Rare in India
Authors: Datta A. , Ghosh R. K.
Published: May 2024

Asplmium Ã— Germanicum auct., a rare and little known taxon in Indian flora, is reported from Kashmir and described as there is no standard description available in the published form.
Sir Amaravati Sashiah Sastri, K.C.S.I., the Dewan of Pudukota : a Hitherto Unknown Plant Collector from Southern India
Authors: Raju Vatsavaya S.
Published: May 2024

No Abstract.
The Grass Flora of India - A Synoptic Account of Uses and Phytogeography
Authors: Jain S. K.
Published: May 2024

Gramineae is the fourth largest family of flowering plants, it has about 700 genera and 10,000 species in the world. Grasses are economically very important as major cereals like wheat, rice and maize are grasses, as are also the sugarcane and bamboos; they bind soil. Grasses provide variety of other useful products for food, fodder, oils, house-building, and for lawn making, etc. India has about 266 genera and 1200 species. The list of genera is appended.About 360 grass taxa are endemic to India. Rich diversity and endemism suggest that some grass genera, like Isachne, Dichenthium, Ischaemum, Dimeria and Arthraxon might have had their primary or secondary centre of origin in India.Several grasses are now rare and threatened. A list of about one hundred grasses which are endemic and also rare is appended.It is emphasized that revisionary studies on large genera are necessary for better, evaluation of diversity and endemism.
The role of Pancasila ideology in legitimizing public policies during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia
Authors: Supramudyo Gitadi Tegas , Irianto Jusuf , Setijaningrum Erna , Bahar Adam Amin
Published: May 2024

The national ideology is often utilized as a tool to legitimize governmental actions. This study seeks to examine how government elites use the Pancasila ideology to legitimize public policies in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic. Employing a grounded reflective interpretive methodological approach within the framework of postfoundational discourse, this study shows that several controversial policies implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic tended to be bolstered and justified by their alignment with the Pancasila ideology. These endeavors are chiefly undertaken by governmental actors who espouse these policies. Representing the ruling regime, these government actors consistently assert adherence to the fundamental tenets of Pancasila or self-identify as the most “Pancasilaist”. This strategy is the main characteristic of the utilization of Pancasila in legitimizing public policies during the pandemic era. Nonetheless, it is imperative to note that the prevailing political regime tends to interpret the tenets of Pancasila in accordance with their own interests. The results of this study confirm that within the context of policies aimed at managing the COVID-19 pandemic, the resultant measures have tended towards being pro-capitalist, anti-democratic, and even anti-intellectual. Nevertheless, for the ruling regime, these policies are perceived to be congruent with the Pancasila ideology. This study concluded that Pancasila is predominantly employed as a means of legitimizing actions that uphold these values.
DEVELOPMENT OF WEB-BASED INTERACTIVE LEARNING MEDIA ON THE TOPIC OF LIVING ORGANISM ADAPTATION USING THE TUTORIAL METHOD
Authors: Sukmawati R Ati , Khairunnisa Khairunnisa , Yulinda Ratna , Adini Muhammad Hifdzi , Purba Harja Santana , Ningrum Nur Syifa
Published: May 2024

Web-based interactive learning media is a computer-based learning media, which was developed to provide feedback on user activities. The aim of this research is to develop appropriate web-based interactive learning media, on material on the adaptation of living things, using the tutorial method. The type of research used is Research and Development with the ADDIE development model, which has stages of analysis, design, development, implementation and evaluation. The test subjects were sixth grade students at SDN Sungai Miai 11 Banjarmasin. Data collection techniques were carried out using questionnaire techniques and test techniques. The data analysis techniques used are descriptive statistics and n-gain. The result of this research is web-based interactive learning media on the adaptation of living things using the tutorial method, which was developed using HTML, CSS, Bootstrap, Javascript, JSON, Firebase, Canva and Netlify technology. The results of the analysis show that the learning media material content is valid, in the very high category, while the media validity value is in the high category. The results of the practicality test show that the media is declared practical, with student responses on average agreeing. The media is also declared effective, with an n-gain value for medium qualifications and average student learning outcomes above the KKM. Therefore, web-based interactive learning media, on the adaptation of living things, using the tutorial method is declared suitable for use as supporting media in science learning in sixth grade.
Calibration of the three-axis accelerometer navigation unit in operation on low precision equipment
Authors: Tarash Heorhii , Cherniak Mykola
Published: May 2024

A method for calibrating a three-axis accelerometer unit of the navigation accuracy class is proposed. It is based on measuring the modulus of the gravity acceleration vector. The method provides the determination of twelve passport coefficients (including six separate values of non-orthogonality angles) of the linear metrological model of a stationary accelerometer unit under operating conditions. The developed method makes it possible to calculate the acceleration value with an acceptable error using non-precision equipment for calibration. The problem is solved by forming a system of linear nonhomogeneous algebraic equations for the desired differences of unknown actual (real) values and the passport values of an accelerometer unit's metrological model coefficients. The passport coefficients are considered to be determined during bench calibration at the manufacturer. The system of equations is formed by placing the accelerometer in at least nine calibration positions relative to the gravity vector. The solution of this system, with consideration of the limitations formed by the six additional calibration positions of the accelerometer unit, allows determining the actual values of the metrological coefficients of the accelerometer unit and using them as passport values. By reducing the reliance on expensive and complex calibration equipment, the developed method offers a cost-effective solution for maintaining the long-term accuracy and performance of the accelerometer unit over its operational lifetime. The versatility of this calibration approach enables its integration into existing manufacturing processes, ensuring consistent and reliable performance of accelerometer units across different batches, thereby enhancing the overall quality and reliability of navigation systems and related technologies.
Algorithm for controlling the movement of a multicopter as part of a group based on signals from the technical vision system
Authors: Bobkov Yuryi , Pishchela Pavlo
Published: May 2024

The paper analyzes the control of a group of multicopters during autonomous flight along an arbitrary trajectory determined by the leader. Under such a situation, the most acceptable option is the leader- follower model. Determining the relative location of the leader and the follower, as well as determining the parameters for controlling the movement of the follower, is proposed to be carried out using a technical vision system. For this, the leader is marked with a special label.
A general flight control algorithm has been developed, which includes all its main stages from pre-flight preparation to landing. Controlling the movement of the follower is carried out by adjusting the angles of yaw, roll, pitch and changing the movement speed depending on the distance to the leader. The paper proposes formulas and algorithm for determining these parameters according to the system of technical vision and inertial navigation system of the follower.
To test the proposed algorithms, a model was created in the Simulink software environment of the Matlab system. Experimental studies using a camera with a resolution of 1280x720 confirmed the correctness of the obtained ratios and algorithms. The maximum values of the error of full scale in determining the change in parameters for the distance, pitch and roll angles did not exceed 4%, and for the yaw angle - 6.1%. Increasing the accuracy of parameter determination is possible due to the use of a camera with a higher resolution.
Selection of the glider’s parameters of the uav in view of scaling
Authors: Astahova Olga , Sukhov Vitalyi
Published: May 2024

The main idea of the work is to use the capabilities of dynamically similar models during the design work on the creation of a new generation of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV). The main task is to correctly create a model that corresponds to the full-scale model of the UAV glider, and after conducting experimental studies, transfer the obtained results to the full-scale design of the glider. This approach enables forming an effective aerodynamic image of future UAV for three standard sizes.
A multi-level decision-making framework for heart-related disease prediction and recommendation
Authors: Sharma Vedna , Samant Surender Singh
Published: May 2024

The precise prediction of health-related issues is a significant challenge in healthcare, with heart-related diseases posing a particularly threatening global health problem. Accurate prediction and recommendation for heart-related diseases are crucial for timely and effective treatment solutions. The primary objective of this study is to develop a classification model capable of accurately identifying heart diseases and providing appropriate recommendations for patients. The proposed system utilizes a multilevel-based classification mechanism employing Support Vector Machines. It aims to categorize heart diseases by analyzing patient’s vital parameters. The performance of the proposed model was evaluated by testing it on a dataset containing patient records. The generated recommendations are based on a comprehensive assessment of the severity of clinical features exhibited by patients, including estimating the associated risk of both clinical features and the disease itself. The predictions were evaluated using three metrics: accuracy, specificity, and the receiver operating characteristic curve. The proposed Multilevel Support Vector Machine (MSVM) classification model achieved an accuracy rate of 94.09% in detecting the severity of heart disease. This makes it a valuable tool in the medical field for providing timely diagnosis and treatment recommendations. The proposed model presents a promising approach for accurately predicting heart-related diseases and highlights the potential of soft computing techniques in healthcare. Future research could focus on further enhancing the proposed model’s accuracy and applicability.
Quaternion Spin
Authors: Sanctuary Bryan
Published: May 2024

We present an analysis of the Dirac equation when the spin symmetry is changed from SU(2) to the quaternion group, $Q_8$, afforded by multiplying one of the $\gamma$-matrices by the imaginary number. The reason for doing this is to introduce a bivector into the spin algebra. This modifies the Dirac equation which separates into two distinct and complementary spaces: one describing polarization and the other coherence. The former describes a 2D structured spin and the latter its helicity, generated by a unit quaternion.
Prognostic Value of Fibrosis 4 (FIB-4) Index in Sepsis Patients
Authors: Yuksel Beyza , Albayrak Tuna
Published: May 2024

.Bacground: Sepsis remains a major health challenge worldwide, characterized by a dysre-gulated host response to infection, leading to high mortality and morbidity in intensive care units (ICUs). The Fibrosis 4 (FIB-4) index, originally developed to assess liver fibrosis in hepatitis C patients, has recently been explored for its potential prognostic value in sepsis patients. Method: This study retrospectively analyzed 309 sepsis patients admitted to the Internal Me-dicine and Anaesthesia ICUs between December 12, 2021, and December 15, 2023, to inves-tigate the relationship between FIB-4 levels, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE), and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) and clinical outcomes. Results: The study found that higher FIB-4 measurements were statistically significantly asso-ciated with increased 28-day mortality, with a cut-off value of 4.9 providing a sensitivity of 54.92% and specificity of 74.25%. Logistic regression analysis indicated that elevated Conclusion:FIB-4 levels were a significant predictor of early mortality, suggesting that the FIB-4 index could serve as a valuable prognostic tool in assessing the severity and prognosis of sepsis patients.
Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow Characteristics in a Micro Heat Exchanger Employing Warm Nanofluids for Cooling of Electronic Components
Authors: Mokrane Mahdi , Bourouis Mahmoud
Published: May 2024

Heat transfer enhancement and hydrodynamic characteristics of nanofluid use in a micro heat exchanger is investigated for cooling electronic components working in hot climatic conditions. The cooling fluid employed was water and TiO2 nanoparticles at concentrations of 1% and 5%, Reynolds numbers ranged from 400 to 2000, and inlet temperatures ranged between 35ºC and 65ºC.
At a nanofluid inlet temperature of 55ºC and a nanoparticle concentration of 1%, the Nusselt number increased by 23% up to 54% as the Reynolds number varied between 400 and 2000. At a nanoparticle concentration of 5%, the percentages which correspondingly enhanced the Nusselt number were 32% and 63%. The temperature of the electronic heating component decreased by 4.6-5.2ºC when the nanofluid concentration was increased from 0 to 5% at a Reynolds number of 400 and a nanofluid inlet temperature of 35ºC. Small increments in pressure drop of about 6% and 13% were observed at nanofluid concentrations of 1% and 5%, respectively. With nanoparticle concentrations of 1% and 5%, a Reynolds number of 2000 and a nanofluid inlet temperature of 35ºC, performance evaluation criterion (PEC) values of 1.36 and 1.45 were obtained. When the nanofluid inlet temperature was increased to 65ºC, the PEC parameter decreased to 1.02-1.10 for both concentrations.
Treatment and Care of Patients with ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction. What Challenges Remain after Three Decades of Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention?
Authors: Zuccarelli Vittorio , Andreaggi Stefano , Walsh Jason L , Kotronias Rafail A. , Miao Chu , Vibhishanan Jonathan , Banning Adrian P. , De Maria Giovanni Luigi
Published: May 2024

Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI) has revolutionized the prognosis of ST-segment ele-vation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and is the gold standard treatment. As a result of its success, the number of pPCI centres has expanded worldwide. Despite decades of advancements, clinical outcomes in STEMI patients have plateaued. Out-of-hospital car-diac arrest and cardiogenic shock remain a major cause of high in-hospital mortality, whilst the growing burden of heart failure in long-term STEMI survivors presents a growing problem. Many elements aiming to optimize STEMI treatment are still subject to debate or lack sufficient evidence. This review provides an overview of the most contentious current issues in pPCI in STEMI patients, with an emphasis on unresolved questions and persistent challenges.
TAFRO Syndrome on 18F-FDG-PET/CT: An Appealing Diagnostic Tool
Authors: Jaafari Ayoub , Taheri Nadim , Mansour Sohaïb , El Bouhali Saïf-Eddine , Attou Rachid
Published: May 2024

TAFRO syndrome (TS) is a rare variant of idiopathic multicentric Castleman's disease (iMCD) characterized by a confluence of symptoms: thrombocytopenia (T), anasarca (A), fever (F), reticulin myelofibrosis (R), and organomegaly (O). First described in Japan in 2010, the pathogenesis of the disease remains unclear. Due to its heterogeneous presentation and potential life-threatening delays in diagnosis, precise diagnosis is essential. According to the literature, no specific imaging modality has been recommended for the work-up of patients with suspected TS. Here, we report a case of TS and its management using 18F-FDG-PET/CT imaging as an attractive complementary diagnostic tool.
Computational Modeling of Sodium Ion Channel-Based Glucose Sensing Biophysics to Study Cardiac Atrial Cell Electrophysiology
Authors: Mahapatra Chitaranjan , Shanmugam Kirubanandan
Published: May 2024

Elevated blood glucose levels, known as glycemia, play a significant role in sudden cardiac arrest, often resulting in sudden cardiac death, particularly among those with diabetes. Understanding the internal mechanisms has been a challenge for healthcare professionals, leading many research groups to investigate the relationship between blood glucose levels and cardiac electrical activity. Our hypothesis suggests that glucose-sensing biophysics mechanisms in cardiac tissue could clarify this connection. To explore this, we adapted a single-compartment, computational model of the human atrial node's action potential. We incorporated glucose-sensing mechanisms with voltage-gated sodium ion channels using ordinary differential equations. Parameters for the model were based on existing experimental studies to mimic the impact of glucose levels on atrial node action potential firing. Simulations using voltage clamp and current clamp techniques showed that elevated glucose levels decreased sodium ion channel currents, leading to a reduction in the sinoatrial node action potential frequency. In summary, our mathematical model provides a cellular-level understanding of how high glucose levels can lead to bradycardia and sudden cardiac death.
Activation of G Protein Coupled Estrogen Receptors (GPER) Negatively Modulates Cardiac Excitation-Contraction Coupling (ECC) through the PI3K/NOS/NO Pathway
Authors: Diaz-Zegarra Leandro Agustín , Espejo María Sofia , Ibañez Alejandro Martín , Rando Monica Edith , Pagola Lucia Elena , De Giusti Verónica Celeste , Aiello Ernesto Alejandro
Published: May 2024

G-protein coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) was described to exerts several cardioprotective effects. However, the exact mechanism involved in cardiac protection remains unclear. The aim of this study is to investigate the role of GPER activation on excitation-contraction coupling (ECC), and the possibility that such effect participates in cardioprotection. Cardiac myocytes of male Wistar rats were isolated with digestive buffer and loaded with Fura-2-AM for measurement of intracellular calcium transients (CaT). Sarcomere shortening (SS) and L-type calcium current (ICaL) were also registered. Confocal technique was used to measure nitric oxide (NO) production in cells loaded with DAF-FM-diacetate. Cardiac myocytes exposed to E2 (10 nM), or G-1 (1 µM) for fifteen minutes decreased CaT, SS and ICaL. These effects were prevented using G-36 (antagonist of GPER, 1 µM), L-Name (NO synthase inhibitor, 100 nM), or wortmannin (phosphoinositide-3-kinase inhibitor, 100 nM). Moreover, G1 increased NO production, and this effect was abolished in the presence of wortmannin. We concluded that the selective activation of GPER with E2 or G1 in isolated cardiac myocytes of male rats induced a negative inotropic effect due to the reduction of ICaL and the decrease in CaT. Finally, the pathway that we proposed to be implicated in these effects is PI3K-NOS-NO.
Imaging Based Techniques Combined with Color Measurements for the Enhancement of Medieval Wall Paintings in the Framework of EHEM Project
Authors: Pogliani Paola , Pelosi Claudia , Lanteri Luca , Bordi Giulia
Published: May 2024

(1) Background: This paper illustrates an innovative methodological approach chosen to study and map the colors of the Medieval wall painting of Santa Maria Antiqua in the Roman forum, one of the pilot sites of the EHEM project (Enhancement of Heritage Experiences: The Middle Ages. Digital Layered Models of Architecture and Mural Paintings over Time); (2) Methods: We chose to use two methods for gathering information about colors and mapping, specifically colorimetry by spot measurements and hypercolorimetric multispectral imaging (HMI) to map those same colors sampled through colorimetry; (3) Results: Chromatic data of all colors in the wall paintings were obtained in the CIELAB color space. In those same points, chromatic similarity maps were performed by the innovative HMI system, a multispectral imaging technique able to obtain also color data information by means of the advanced calibration software named SpectraPick®: this allowed to have a complete knowledge of the color characteristics and distribution; (4) Conclusion: The color measurements and mapping was an important result to improve the reading of Medieval wall paintings, fragmentary and stratigraphically complex, giving a new light in the knowledge of the colors and allowing to better understand the original appearance of the iconographic patterns, reconstructed with colors as faithfully as possible similar to the originals.
Demonstration of an In-Flight Entertainment System Using Power-over-Fiber
Authors: Rosolem Joao B. , Bassan Fabio R. , de Oliveira Marcelo Prado , dos Santos Alexandre Barbosa , Wollinger Leonardo Martins
Published: May 2024

The use of optical fibers is increasing in modern aircraft because it helps solve challenges of size, weight, communication, and reliability in new aircraft generation. This work describes a video and power transmission system using optical fibers (PoF) for in-flight entertainment (IFE) system application. We present the benefits and the limitations of this application, and we perform two practical experiments to demonstrate their performance. It used off-the-shelf devices in the experiments, such as one 15-W semiconductor laser operating at 808 nm, GaAs photovoltaic converters, optical transmitters and receivers, and video monitors. The power and video signals were transmitted using two 50-m multimode fibers. In addition, we proposed and tested two types of energy transformation units (ETU), which are responsible for supplying electrical energy to the IFE video monitor and the optical fiber receiver.
Tapping the Conversation on the Meaning of Decarbonization: Discourses and Discursive Agency in EU Politics on Low-Carbon Fuels for Maritime Shipping
Authors: von Malmborg Fredrik
Published: May 2024

EU politics on decarbonizing shipping is an argumentative struggle in which actors try to make others see the problem and policy solutions according to their views and seek to position other actors in a specific way. This article critically analyses, by means of argumentative discourse analysis, the politics and policy process related to the recent adoption of the FuelEU Maritime regulation, the world’s most ambitious legislation for decarbonizing maritime shipping. Different storylines and discourses as well as agency of policy actors on the problems and policy options defining the meaning of decarbonization are analysed. Two discourses framed the debates, focusing on (i) incremental change and technology neutrality to meet moderate emission reductions and maintain competitiveness, and (ii) transformative change and technology specificity to meet zero emissions and gain competitiveness and global leadership in the transition towards a hydrogen economy. Policy actors successfully used discursive agency strategies such as multiple functionality and vagueness to navigate between and resolve conflicts between the two discourses. Both discourses are associated with the overarching ecological modernization discourse and failed to include issue of a just transition. The heritage of the ecological modernization discourse creates lock-ins for a broader decarbonization discourse, thus stalling a just transition.
Regenerative Potential of Demineralized Dentin-Derived Graft Material in Rabbit Calvaria: A Histomorphometric Study
Authors: Lee Bounghoon , Choi Hyunsuk , Sohn Dong-Seok
Published: May 2024

Several types of guided bone regeneration materials are available with various properties and clinical indications. Among them, dentin-derived matrix from extracted teeth is an excellent alternative to traditional graft materials, such as allografts and xenografts. Different clinical preparation protocols exist: block form versus powder form, demineralized versus non-demineralized form. Out of these methods, demineralization protocols for dentin-derived matrix from extracted teeth have been noted for a wide range of successful clinical outcomes. The purpose of this animal study was to find out the most effective method of demineralizing dentin-derived matrix to result in the highest regenerative ability in the bone graft material in rabbit calvaria. The study conducted a comparative histomorphometric analysis of four groups in distinguished matrix conditions: a control group without graft placement, a non-demineralized dentin-derived matrix graft placement group, a 15-minute demineralized dentin-derived matrix graft placement group, and a 30-minute demineralized dentin-derived matrix graft placement group. Regenerative processes were evaluated three times at 2, 4, and 8 weeks post-graft placement. These groups of rabbits were evaluated randomly in a blinded setting to prevent bias. Among the four groups compared, the group with a 15-minute demineralized dentin-derived matrix graft showed the most efficient bone regeneration in the histomorphometric analysis. Based on this animal study, it was apparent that a 15-minute demineralization of dentin-derived matrix is the preferred preparation protocol to maximize the regenerative potential in the matrix.
Identification and Antimicrobial Sensntivity Studies of Aeromonas Species Associated with Bacterial Septicemia of Esox lucius in Xinjiang, China
Authors: Yan Xiaofei , Zhao Yiyang , Wang Tao , Wang Yuqi , Cao Xinyu
Published: May 2024

This study aimed to investigate the incidence of Esox lucius with bacterial septicemia in five fish ponds of Xinjiang, China. We analyzed the water quality of each fish pond as well as the clinical symptoms and pathological changes of fish with bacterial septicemia. Furthermore, we isolated and identified pathogenic bacteria from the liver, spleen, and kidney of the infected fish based on morphology and physiology, as well as using biochemical and molecular biology techniques. By detecting the water quality of the infected fish pond, the clinical symptoms and pathological changes of the infected fish were observed, pathogenic bacteria were isolated and purified from the liver, spleen, and kidney of the died illness fish. the pathogenicity of pathogenic bacteria was identified by morphology, physiology, biochemistry, and molecular biology, and the drug sensitivity of 16 antibiotics was studied by standard Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion method. The results showed that bacterial septicemia of Esox lucius occurred in water with high levels of ammonia nitrogen, nitrates, pH, total alkalinity, and total hardness, mainly caused by the mixed infection of Aeromonas hydrophila, Aeromonas veronii and Aeromonas sobria. A rapid multiplex PCR method for the detection of pathogenic Aeromonas hydrophila was established. The isolates were sensitive to enrofloxacin, flufenicol, and doxycycline and resistant to penicillin and neomycin. This study laid a foundation for the early prediction, warning, rapid diagnosis, and effective prevention and control of bacterial septicemia.
Identification and Evaluation of Sugarcane Cultivars for Antixenosis Resistance to the Leafhopper Yamatotettix flavovittatus Matsumura (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae)
Authors: Roddee Jariya , Wangkeeree Jareemart , Hanboonsong Yupa
Published: May 2024

Leafhopper Yamatotettix flavovittatus Matsumura is a phloem feeder that causes significant damage to sugarcane and also transmits sugarcane white leaf (SCWL) disease. Understanding the settling preference, feeding behavior, honeydew production and biophysical factors affecting Y. flavovittatus leafhopper infestation in sugarcane cultivation is crucial for effective pest management strategies. This study investigated these aspects across nine sugarcane cultivars. Significant variability was observed among cultivars in terms of settling behavior, with KK3 and LK92-11 showing the highest number of settled leafhopper adults. Similarly, honeydew production varied significantly among cultivars, with KK3 and LK92-11 exhibiting the highest production. Employing the electrical penetration graph (EPG) technique provided insights into distinct probing behaviors across cultivars, highlighting correlations between settling preference, honeydew production, and specific EPG waveforms. Principal component analysis (PCA) categorized cultivars into four groups based on settling preference, honeydew production, feeding behavior, and biophysical factors. Strong correlations were found between settling preference, honeydew production, and various EPG waveforms, while negative correlations were observed with the number of silica cells and rows per unit area, indicating their potential role in deterring leafhopper settlement. We concluded that TPJ04-768 and K84-200 are promising for resistance to leafhoppers and exploited in sugarcane breeding programs for resistance to insects.
Fixed Seat Rowing versus Sliding Seat Rowing: Effects on Physical Fitness in Breast Cancer Survivors
Authors: Gavala-González Juan , Fernández-García José Carlos , Real-Pérez Mateo
Published: May 2024

This longitudinal study aimed to analyze the effects of a team rowing-based training program on physical fitness and anthropometric parameters in female breast cancer survivors (n=40; 56.78±6.38 years). Participants were divided into two groups: one rowed in fixed seat rowing (FSR) boats (n=20; 56.35±4.89 years) and the other in sliding seat rowing (SSR) boats (n=20; 57.20±7.7 years). Both groups engaged in two 75-minute sessions per week for 24 weeks. Significant improvements were observed in both groups in terms of weight (FSR: -1.93 kg, SSR: -1.75 kg), body mass index (FSR: -0.73 kg/m², SSR: -0.67 kg/m²), waist circumference (FSR: -2.83 cm, SSR: -3.66 cm), and hip circumference (FSR: -2.02 cm, SSR: -2.88 cm). Muscle strength improved in lower extremities (jump test: FSR: 2.99 cm, SSR: 3.11 cm) and upper extremities (dominant: FSR: 4.13 kgf, SSR: 4.34 kgf; non-dominant: FSR: 3.67 kgf, SSR: 3.32 kgf). Aerobic capacity also improved, with the SSR group showing a greater increase (FSR: 63.05 m, SSR: 93.65 m). Flexibility tests revealed better results in the SSR group for both dominant (SSR: 1.75 cm vs. FSR: -5.55 cm) and non-dominant limbs (SSR: 1.72 cm vs. FSR: -3.81 cm). These findings suggest that the type of rowing modality can influence physical fitness outcomes, with the SSR group showing superior improvements compared to the FSR group.
Social Network Analysis: Understanding Volleyball Dynamics Through Match Opponents
Authors: do Nascimento Marcos Henrique , Castro Henrique de Oliveira , Rocha Augusto Cézar Rodrigues , Freire Auro Barreiros , Pedrosa Gustavo , Ugrinowitsch Herbert , Savassi Figueiredo Lucas , Laporta Lorenzo , Costa Gustavo De Conti Teixeira
Published: May 2024

The current investigation scrutinized the strategic approaches employed by the top four teams in the Brazilian Men's Volleyball Superliga, according to the match's opponent. The study encompasses the analysis of 22 matches, involving teams ranked first through fourth, competing against each of the 12 teams participating in the 21-22 season of the Brazilian Men's Volleyball Superliga, including one home and one away match for each team. Utilizing social network analysis facilitated the identification of the interconnections and particularities among all variables, offering a comprehensive perspective. The findings unveiled that during the offensive phase, the second, third, and fourth-ranked teams consistently exhibited higher eigenvector values, irrespective of the opposing team, notably when the middle-blocker positioned themselves in front and near the setter. Conversely, the championship-winning team displayed variations in offensive tactics. The team securing the second position demonstrated alterations in setting placement, whereas the other teams executed settings aimed at zones 3 and 4. Additionally, the initial setter's position at the commencement of a rally displayed varying eigenvector values based on the opponent, indicating team rotation as a performance determinant. Thus, barring the finalist team, the performance of the remaining teams is intricately intertwined with the individual characteristics of players.
Association between Perinatal Outcomes and Maternal Risk Factors: Age, Body Mass Index and Cigarette Smoking
Authors: Martin-Alonso Raquel , Prieto Paula , Buhigas Irene Fernandez , German-Fernandez Cristina , Aramburu Cristina , Piqueras Victor , Cuenca-Gomez Diana , Ferrer Emilia , Rolle Valeria , Santacruz Belen , Gil María M.
Published: May 2024

Objective: To analyse the association between maternal risk factors such as age, body mass index (BMI) and cigarette smoking, with perinatal outcomes. Materials and Methods: This a retrospective analysis from prospectively collected data performed at Hospital Universitario de Torrejón (Madrid, Spain), between September 2017 and December 2019. All pregnant women with singleton pregnancies and non-malformed live fetuses attending their routine ultrasound examination at 11+0 to 13+6 weeks' gestation were invited to participate. Association between preeclampsia, preterm birth, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), small for gestational age (SGA) or fetal growth restricted (FGR) neonates and type of delivery according to maternal age, BMI, and cigarrete smoking was studied. Logistic mixed models were used to analyze the data. Results: 1921 patients were included in the analysis. Women of 40 years old had a significantly higher risk of having GDM (Odds Ratio (OR) 1.61, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 1.08 to 2.36), and SGA neonates (OR 1.54, 95% CI 1.00 to 2.37). Women with a BMI <18 had an increased rate of birth SGA and FGR neonates (OR 3.28, 95% CI 1.51 to 7.05, and OR 3.73, 95% CI 1.54 to 8.37, respectively), whereas women with a BMI ≥35 had a higher risk of GDM (OR 3.10, 95% CI 1.95 to 4.89). Smoking increased the risk of having SGA and FGR neonates (OR 1.83, 95% CI 1.36 to 2.46, and OR 1.91, 95% CI 1.29 to 2.78). Conclusions: Advanced maternal age, low or high BMI, and smoking status are significant risk factors for pregnancy complications. Both clinicians and society should concentrate their efforts on addressing these factors to enhance reproductive health.
Ecuadorian Provinces with High Morbidity and Mortality Rates due to Asthma among Working-Age Population: An Ecological and Exploratory Study to Promoting Respiratory Health
Authors: Gómez-García Antonio Ramón , Cevallos Paz Andrea Liseth , Delgado-Garcia Diemen , Martínez Danilo
Published: May 2024

Asthma is a significant public health concern. This study identified the provinces with the highest morbidity and mortality rates due to asthma among the working-age population (15-69 years) in the Republic of Ecuador. The secondary objective was to explain the possible differences attribut-able to occupational exposure. This nationwide ecological and exploratory study was conducted in 24 provinces between 2016 and 2019. Government databases were used as sources of infor-mation. Standardized rates were calculated for codes the J45 and J46. The hospitalization mor-bidity rate for asthma decreased from 6.51 to 5.76 cases per 100,000 working-age population, and the mortality rate has consistently been low and stable from 0.14 to 0.15 deaths per 100,000 working-age population. Geographic differences between the provinces were evident. The risk of hospitalization and death due to asthma was higher in the Pacific coast (five provinces) and the Andean region (two provinces). The high rates observed in provinces with greater agricultural and industrial development could be the main determinants of national heterogeneity and could act as occupational risk factors. The contribution of occupational hazards in each province should be examined in depth through ad hoc studies. These findings provide valuable information for creating public policies aimed at promoting and safeguarding the respiratory health of the popu-lation, particularly that of workers.
Cost-Effectiveness of GaitSmart and an Artificial Intelligence Solution for Rehabilitation of Patients with Hip and Knee Osteoarthritis in Older Population in the United Kingdom
Authors: Zanghelini Fernando , Ponzo Aisling , Xydopoulos Georgios , Fordham Richard , Khanal Saval
Published: May 2024

Background: GaitSmart (GS) is a sensor-based digital medical device that can be used with the integrated app vGym to provide a personalised rehabilitation programme for older people undergoing total hip arthroplasty (THA) or total knee arthroplasty (TKA). This study aimed to determine whether the GS intervention used in the rehabilitation of older people undergoing THA or TKA is potentially cost-effective compared to the current standard of care (SoC).
Methods: Decision-analytic modelling was conducted to estimate cost-effectiveness over a seventeen- week time horizon, from an NHS perspective. UK clinical and cost data from the GaitSmart randomised clinical trial was used to obtain input parameters, and sensitivity analysis was performed to address uncertainty.
Results: Over a seventeen-week time horizon, GS incurred cost savings of £450.56 and a 0.02 gain in quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) compared to the SoC. These results indicate that GS is the dominant intervention because the device demonstrated greater effectiveness and lower costs. Probabilistic sensitivity analyses confirm the robustness of our results.
Conclusion: GS appears to offer short-term efficiency benefits and demonstrates cost-effectiveness for the improvement of gait in people undergoing THA or TKA, compared to the SoC. These findings provided new evidence to inform policymakers.
Age‐Related Reduction of D‐Dimer Cut‐Off Level Specificity: Diagnostic Relevance in Geriatric Patients
Authors: Marchegiani Francesca , Galeazzi Roberta , Moroni Fausto , Appolloni Stefania , Cherubini Antonio , Salvi Fabio , Cecchini Sara , Paci Enrico , Evangelisti Andrea , Olivieri Fabiola , Sabbatinelli Jacopo , Procopio Antonio Domenico
Published: May 2024

D-dimer testing in combination with clinical assessment is commonly used to diagnose suspected DVT and pulmonary embolism. However, as D-dimer levels are physiologically higher in elderly patients, this test loses clinical specificity in the setting of geriatric patients. The aim of our study was to investigate the changes in D-dimer levels with age and the specificity of the D-dimer test in the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism. 1617 elderly patients consecutively admitted to the Geriatric Emergency Care Department of the INRCA-IRCCS hospital between January 2013 and February 2014 and for whom D-dimer results were available were included. The D-dimer immunoturbidimetric assay was performed on a cs-2100i Sysmex Siemens using a conventional cut-off level of 500 µg/L. The median D-dimer level was 1200 [550-2990] µg/L FEU, and the percentage of patients with D-dimer levels below the conventional cut-off was only 22.1%. As expected, there was a significant age-related increase in D-dimer, even when sex was considered, and a significant decrease in the specificity of D-dimer assay with age. The most established use of D-dimer testing is in the diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism. Our study confirms the need for an age-adjusted cut-off for D-dimer testing in geriatric patients.
Molecular Insights into Photodynamic Therapy of Glioma
Authors: Aebisher David , Woźnicki Paweł , Bartusik-Aebisher Dorota
Published: May 2024

Cancers, a large and heterogeneous group of malignancies, are becoming an increasingly important cause of premature mortality worldwide. 2% of these are primary CNS tumors, of which 24% are gliomas. These tumors are diverse, but what they have in common is one of the most unfavorable prognoses among all cancers. A patient's future varies depending on the grade of the diagnosed glioma. To date, however, no standard treatment for grade IV has been established. All glioblastomas eventually undergo progression or recurrence. The current standard of treatment, which includes surgical intervention, radiation therapy and chemotherapy, is therefore far from sufficient. Work is constantly underway to discover a new, effective form of glioma therapy. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) may be one of them. It involves the local or systemic application of a photosensitive compound - a photosensitizer (PS), which accumulates in the affected tissues. Photosensitizer molecules absorb light of the appropriate wavelength, initiating activation processes leading to the formation of reactive oxygen species and selective destruction of inappropriate cells. Currently, this method has been approved for the treatment of several cancers. Research focusing on the effective use of PDT in glioma therapy is already underway, with promising results. In our work, we present molecular insights into PDT of glioma. Based on the available literature, we analyze and systematize the impact of various molecules, proteins, transporters and transmitters on the efficacy of PDT and the effect of PDT on their expression. In addition, we highlight gaps in current knowledge and point out directions for future research that may contribute to the efficacy of PDT glioma.
Enhancing Turbidity Modeling in the Mississippi River Using Machine Learning and Sentinel‐2 Remote Sensing Data: A Generalizability Analysis
Authors: Costa Rocha Paulo Alexandre , Oliveira Santos Victor , Thé Jesse Van Griensven , Gharabaghi Bahram
Published: May 2024

Turbidity is an important indicator of water quality in hydrology. More traditional ways to monitor turbidity can provide reliable results. However, they are prone to human error, have elevated costs, and lack real-time monitoring capacity. Addressing these hindrances, in this work we combine spectral bands and indices from Sentinel-2 with several machine learning paradigms, namely XGBoost, Random Forests, GMDH, Support Vector Regression, k-Nearest Neighbors and Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator to model turbidity, using data from twelve monitoring stations encompassing the Mississippi River, USA. Results show that considering the individual monitoring stations, the ML paradigms for turbidity modeling were satisfactory at locations with a larger range and standard deviation values, achieving a mean R2 value of 59.5%. Tree-based models were the best overall approach, often ranking as the best or second-best performing model. When all the samples from the monitoring stations were used, the XGBoost provided superior output for turbidity modeling, reaching an R2 equal to 75.7%. A comprehensive comparison with the literature found values showed that the models implemented using this study’s methodology could provide competitive results, deeming it as an alternative for turbidity modeling from remote sensing data.
Optimization Strategies for Atari Game Environments: Integrating Snake Optimization Algorithm and Energy Valley Optimization in Reinforcement Learning Models
Authors: Sarkhi Sadeq , Koyuncu Hakan
Published: May 2024

This study presents a groundbreaking approach in the field of gaming AI, focusing on the classic game” Pacman” through the lens of DRL integrated with advanced optimization techniques. The core of the research involves adapting DRL models for” Pacman”, utilizing the ESO for hyper- parameter tuning. These novel adaptations significantly enhance the AI agent’s performance, demonstrating a remarkable improvement in adaptability, responsiveness, and efficiency within the game environment. A pivotal aspect of this research is the innovative integration of metaheuristic optimization techniques into the DRL framework, a first in the domain of Atari gaming AI. This integration has proven essential in fine-tuning the DRL models, leading to a more effective and dynamic gaming experience. The study thoroughly evaluates and compares the performance of these algorithms, providing empirical support for their effectiveness and setting a new benchmark in AI-driven game development. The implications of this research extend beyond gaming AI, opening up possibilities for future exploration in several directions. Expanding DRL models to other complex gaming environments, continuous algorithmic enhancements, real-time learning adaptations, and applying these principles to robotics and autonomous vehicles are examples. The research also emphasizes ethical and responsible AI use in gaming to address fairness and addiction issues.
Qualitative Review and Prospects for Economic Growth of MSMEs at the University of Indonesia
Authors: Harsono Budi , P Inti , Napitupulu Hotma , Napitupulu Sabar , Saiful S.
Published: May 2024

The research investigates the factors affecting the financial performance of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Indonesia and their impact on the country’s economic growth. The research methods of the studies involve data collection through surveys or interviews, followed by statistical analysis. The study found that entrepreneurial qualities such as motivation, entrepreneurial orientation, and risk behavior positively influence the financial performance of MSMEs. MSMEs that manage working capital optimally tend to increase profitability and growth, despite operational difficulties like worker shortages. MSMEs engaged in foreign trade usually achieve higher profitability. Bank loans can enhance profitability and sales, but the collateral requirement may hinder growth. The owner’s involvement doesn’t affect growth but can enhance profitability. Factors like the Human Capital Index, interest rates, the Indonesian Rupiah exchange rate, and inflation do not significantly impact MSME investment. However, business units, labor, investment, and exports of MSMEs significantly influence Indonesia’s economic growth. MSMEs play a crucial role in job creation, rural development, economic diversification, and GDP contribution in Indonesia. Despite challenges, they have the potential for sustainable growth. The research also explores strategies for overcoming challenges faced by MSMEs and investigates the role of universities in supporting the MSME sector. The University of Indonesia (UI) supports the MSME sector through strategic initiatives, including education, training, mentoring, and internship programs. The research provides valuable insights into the operation of MSMEs in Indonesia and their contribution to the economy, highlighting areas for further exploration and potential strategies for supporting the growth and sustainability of these enterprises.