bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Eine einzigartige dreifache Philadelphia Chromosom-Variante t(4;9;22)(q21;q34;q11.2) bei einem neu diagnostizierten Patienten mit chronischer myeloischer Leukämie in chronischer Phase
Authors: Torii Yuka , Nanjo Kana , Toubai Tomomi , Hosokawa Masashi , Sato Ryo , Yamada Akane , Aizawa Keiko , Himuro Masahito , Ito Satoshi , Yamamoto Masakazu , Magenau John , Wilcox Ryan , Ishizawa Kenichi
Published: February 2023

Hintergrund: Die chronische myeloische Leukämie ist eine hämatologische Malignität, die mit der Fusion von zwei Genen einhergeht: BCR und ABL1. Diese Fusion resultiert aus einer Translokation zwischen den Chromosomen 9 und 22, auch als Philadelphia Chromosom bekannt. Obwohl das Philadelphia-Chromosom bei mehr als 90% der Patienten mit chronischer myeloischer Leukämie vorhanden ist, weisen 5-8% der Patienten mit chronischer myeloischer Leukämie komplexe Translokationsvarianten auf. Wir berichten hier über einen Fall einer dreifachen Translokationsvariante bei chronischer myeloischer Leukämie in der chronischen Phase. Vorstellung des Falles: Bei einem 40-jährigen asiatischen Mann, der sich mit Leukozytose vorstellte, wurde eine chronische myeloischen Leukämie in chronischer Phase diagnostiziert. Die zytogenetische Karyotypisierungsanalyse ergab 46,XY,t(4;9;22)(q21;q34;q11.2). Er wurde behandelt mit Bosutinib und dann wegen Unverträglichkeit auf Dasatinib umgestellt, und nach 17 Monaten kontinuierlicher Behandlung wurde MR4,5 (BCR-ABL/ABL ≤ 0,0032%, internationale Skala) erreicht. Schlussfolgerung: Dies war der 14. Fall von t(4;9;22), im Speziellen einer neue Variante der Ph-Translokation, bei der das Chromosom 4q21 beteiligt ist, und der erste weltweit erfolgreiche Fall, der mit Tyrosinkinase-Inhibitoren behandelt wurde. Wir fassen frühere Fallberichte über die dreifache Chromosomenverschiebung t(4;9;22) zusammen und erörtern, wie diese seltene Verschiebung mit der Prognose zusammenhängt.
CML: Therapiemöglichkeiten ab der Drittlinie werden erweitert
Authors: Lang Fabian
Published: February 2023

Patients with chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase (CML-CP) resistant/intolerant to ≥2 tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are at high risk of experiencing poor outcomes because of disease biology and inadequate efficacy and/or safety of current therapies. Asciminib, a first-in-class BCR-ABL1 inhibitor Specifically Targeting the ABL Myristoyl Pocket (STAMP), has the potential to overcome resistance/intolerance to approved TKIs. In this phase 3, open-label study, patients with CML-CP previously treated with ≥2 TKIs were randomized (2:1) to receive asciminib 40 mg twice daily vs bosutinib 500 mg once daily. Randomization was stratified by major cytogenetic response (MCyR) status at baseline. The primary objective was to compare the major molecular response (MMR) rate at week 24 for asciminib vs bosutinib. A total of 233 patients were randomized to asciminib (n = 157) or bosutinib (n = 76). Median follow-up was 14.9 months. The MMR rate at week 24 was 25.5% with asciminib and 13.2% with bosutinib. The difference in MMR rate between treatment arms, after adjusting for MCyR at baseline, was 12.2% (95% confidence interval, 2.19-22.30; 2-sided P = .029). Fewer grade ≥3 adverse events (50.6% vs 60.5%) and adverse events leading to treatment discontinuation (5.8% vs 21.1%) occurred with asciminib than with bosutinib. The study showed a superior efficacy of asciminib compared with that of bosutinib, together with a favorable safety profile. These results support the use of asciminib as a new therapy in patients with CML-CP who are resistant/intolerant to ≥2 prior TKIs. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT03106779.
STAS beim NSCLC: Risikomarker für Rezidiv und Prognose?
Authors: Schumann Christian
Published: February 2023

Background: Percutaneous needle biopsy (PNB) and bronchoscopic biopsy (BB) are widely used in the preoperative diagnosis of pulmonary nodules, but whether PNB or BB may cause tumor spread through air spaces (STAS) has not been reported. Methods: 433 postoperative patients with pathological stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) from January 2015 to December 2018 at our hospital were enrolled and divided into PNB group (n = 40), BB group (n = 48) and non-biopsy group (n = 345). The PNB and BB groups were matched using propensity score matched (PSM) separately from the non-biopsy group, after which the effects of PNB and BB on STAS, recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) were assessed. Results: After PSM for 9 confounding factors (gender, age, smoking history, tumor site, scope of surgery, pathology type, stage, maximum tumor diameter and postoperative treatment), 38 cases in the PNB group were successfully matched with 38 cases in the non-biopsy group and 28 cases in the BB group were successfully matched with 28 cases in the non-biopsy group. After PSM, there was no significant difference in the incidence of STAS between the PNB and non-biopsy groups (42.1% vs. 34.2%, P > 0.05) and between the BB and non-biopsy groups (42.9% vs. 46.4%, P > 0.05). The results after PSM showed no significant effect of both PNB and BB on RFS and OS after radical surgery (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Preoperative biopsy in patients with stage I NSCLC has not been shown to increase the occurrence of STAS, nor postoperative recurrence and death.
Novel Calcium-Sensing Receptor (CASR) Mutation in a Family with Autosomal Dominant Hypocalcemia Type 1 (ADH1): Genetic Study over Three Generations and Clinical Characteristics
Authors: Zung Amnon , Barash Galia , Banne Ehud , Levine Michael A.
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Activating mutation of the calcium-sensing receptor gene (CASR) reduces parathyroid hormone secretion and renal tubular reabsorption of calcium, defined as autosomal dominant hypocalcemia type 1 (ADH1). Patients with ADH1 may present with hypocalcemia-induced seizures. Calcitriol and calcium supplementation in symptomatic patients may exacerbate hypercalciuria, leading to nephrocalcinosis, nephrolithiasis, and compromised renal function. Methods: We report on a family with seven members over three generations with ADH1 due to a novel heterozygous mutation in exon 4 of CASR: c.416T>C. Results: This mutation leads to substitution of isoleucine with threonine in the ligand-binding domain of CASR. HEK293T cells transfected with wild type or mutant cDNAs demonstrated that p.Ile139Thr substitution led to increased sensitivity of the CASR to activation by extracellular calcium relative to the wild-type CASR (EC50 of 0.88 ± 0.02 mM vs. 1.1 ± 0.23 mM, respectively, p < 0.005). Clinical characteristics included seizures (2 patients), nephrocalcinosis and nephrolithiasis (3 patients), and early lens opacity (2 patients). In 3 of the patients, serum calcium and urinary calcium-to-creatinine ratio levels obtained simultaneously over 49 patient-years were highly correlated. Using the age-specific maximal-normal levels of calcium-to-creatinine ratio in the correlation equation, we obtained age-adjusted serum calcium levels that are high enough to reduce hypocalcemia-induced seizures and low enough to reduce hypercalciuria. Conclusion: We report on a novel CASR mutation in a three-generation kindred. Comprehensive clinical data enabled us to suggest age-specific upper limit of serum calcium levels, considering the association between serum calcium and renal calcium excretion.
Familial Hypercholesterolemia in the Electronic Medical Records and Genomics Network: Prevalence, Penetrance, Cardiovascular Risk, and Outcomes After Return of Results
Authors: Dikilitas Ozan , Sherafati Alborz , Saadatagah Seyedmohammad , Satterfield Benjamin A. , Kochan David C. , Anderson Katherine C. , Chung Wendy K. , Hebbring Scott J. , Salvati Zachary M. , Sharp Richard R. , Sturm Amy C. , Gibbs Richard A. , Rowley Robb , Venner Eric , Linder Jodell E. , Jones Laney K. , Perez Emma F. , Peterson Josh F. , Jarvik Gail P. , Rehm Heidi L. , Zouk Hana , Roden Dan M. , Williams Marc S. , Manolio Teri A. , Kullo Iftikhar J.
Published: February 2023

Background:

The implications of secondary findings detected in large-scale sequencing projects remain uncertain. We assessed prevalence and penetrance of pathogenic familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) variants, their association with coronary heart disease (CHD), and 1-year outcomes following return of results in phase III of the electronic medical records and genomics network.

Methods:

Adult participants (n=18 544) at 7 sites were enrolled in a prospective cohort study to assess the clinical impact of returning results from targeted sequencing of 68 actionable genes, including
LDLR
,
APOB
, and
PCSK9
. FH variant prevalence and penetrance (defined as low-density lipoprotein cholesterol >155 mg/dL) were estimated after excluding participants enrolled on the basis of hypercholesterolemia. Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate the odds of CHD compared to age- and sex-matched controls without FH-associated variants. Process (eg, referral to a specialist or ordering new tests), intermediate (eg, new diagnosis of FH), and clinical (eg, treatment modification) outcomes within 1 year after return of results were ascertained by electronic health record review.

Results:

The prevalence of FH-associated pathogenic variants was 1 in 188 (69 of 13,019 unselected participants). Penetrance was 87.5%. The presence of an FH variant was associated with CHD (odds ratio, 3.02 [2.00–4.53]) and premature CHD (odds ratio, 3.68 [2.34–5.78]). At least 1 outcome occurred in 92% of participants; 44% received a new diagnosis of FH and 26% had treatment modified following return of results.

Conclusions:

In a multisite cohort of electronic health record–linked biobanks, monogenic FH was prevalent, penetrant, and associated with presence of CHD. Nearly half of participants with an FH-associated variant received a new diagnosis of FH and a quarter had treatment modified after return of results. These results highlight the potential utility of sequencing electronic health record–linked biobanks to detect FH.
Continuous Metadata in Continuous Integration, Stream Processing and Enterprise DataOps
Authors: Underwood Mark
Published: February 2023

Implementations of metadata tend to favor centralized, static metadata. This depiction is at variance with the past decade of focus on big data, cloud native architectures and streaming platforms. Big data velocity can demand a correspondingly dynamic view of metadata. These trends, which include DevOps, CI/CD, DataOps and data fabric, are surveyed. Several specific cloud native tools are reviewed and weaknesses in their current metadata use are identified. Implementations are suggested which better exploit capabilities of streaming platform paradigms, in which metadata is continuously collected in dynamic contexts. Future cloud native software features are identified which could enable streamed metadata to power real time data fusion or fine tune automated reasoning through real time ontology updates.
Computer-aided Detection of Tuberculosis from Microbiological and Radiographic Images
Authors: Ibrahim Abdullahi Umar , Kibarer Ayse Gunnay , Al-Turjman Fadi
Published: February 2023

Tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis have been a major challenge for medical and healthcare sectors in many underdeveloped countries with limited diagnosis tools. Tuberculosis can be detected from microscopic slides and chest X-ray but as a result of the high cases of tuberculosis, this method can be tedious for both Microbiologists and Radiologists and can lead to miss-diagnosis. These challenges can be solved by employing Computer-Aided Detection (CAD)via AI-driven models which learn features based on convolution and result in an output with high accuracy. In this paper, we described automated discrimination of X-ray and microscope slide images into tuberculosis and non-tuberculosis cases using pretrained AlexNet Models. The study employed Chest X-ray dataset made available on Kaggle repository and microscopic slide images from both Near East University Hospital and Kaggle repository. For classification of tuberculosis using microscopic slide images, the model achieved 90.56% accuracy, 97.78% sensitivity and 83.33% specificity for 70: 30 splits. For classification of tuberculosis using X-ray images, the model achieved 93.89% accuracy, 96.67% sensitivity and 91.11% specificity for 70:30 splits. Our result is in line with the notion that CNN models can be used for classifying medical images with higher accuracy and precision.
RS-SVM Machine Learning Approach Driven by Case Data for Selecting Urban Drainage Network Restoration Scheme
Authors: Jiang Li , Geng Zheng , Gu Dongxiao , Guo Shuai , Huang Rongmin , Cheng Haoke , Zhu Kaixuan
Published: February 2023

Urban drainage pipe network is the backbone of urban drainage, flood control and water pollution prevention, and is also an essential symbol to measure the level of urban modernization. A large number of underground drainage pipe networks in aged urban areas have been laid for a long time and have reached or practically reached the service age. The repair of drainage pipe networks has attracted extensive attention from all walks of life. Since the Ministry of ecological environment and the national development and Reform Commission jointly issued the action plan for the Yangtze River Protection and restoration in 2019, various provinces in the Yangtze River Basin, such as Anhui, Jiangxi and Hunan, have extensively carried out PPP projects for urban pipeline restoration, in order to improve the quality and efficiency of sewage treatment. Based on the management practice of urban pipe network restoration project in Wuhu City, Anhui Province, this paper analyzes the problems of lengthy construction period and repeated operation caused by the mismatch between the design schedule of the restoration scheme and the construction schedule of the pipe network restoration in the existing project management mode, and proposes a model of urban drainage pipe network restoration scheme selection based on the improved support vector machine. The validity and feasibility of the model are analyzed and verified by collecting the data in the project practice. The research results show that the model has a favorable effect on the selection of urban drainage pipeline restoration schemes, and its accuracy can reach 90%. The research results can provide method guidance and technical support for the rapid decision-making of urban drainage pipeline restoration projects.
Linaria pseudamethystea (Antirrhineae, Plantaginaceae), a new species mimetic of and apparently sympatric with L. amethystea
Authors: BLANCA GABRIEL , CARMONA RAFAEL , CUETO MIGUEL , FUENTES JULIÁN
Published: February 2023

Linaria pseudamethystea, from the south-western part of the Iberian Peninsula, is here newly described, illustrated, and compared with its morphologically closest relatives from L. sect. Supinae: L. amethystea, L. semialata, and L. diffusa. The species is characterized by being annual and glabrous and by having a loose inflorescence; calyx lobes unequal; corolla blue-violet, with conspicuous dark veins and yellow to orangish palate, abaxial lip with two prominent humps and ornamentation reticulate and often with two thick spots, and spur equalling the length of the rest of the corolla, curved, usually dark blue-violet; capsule globose and glabrous; seeds black with densely papillose and non-tuberculate disk, and non- thickened wing. L. pseudamethystea is an endemic species, whose general morphology and distribution area overlap with that of L. amethystea, causing confusion between the two species and misidentification of their populations. The new species grows in ephemeral therophyte pastures of siliceous mountains, from the east of the province of Seville (Spain) to the Algarve and Alentejo (Portugal).
Ampelisca Krøyer, 1842 (Amphipoda: Ampeliscidae) in the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman
Authors: MOMTAZI FARZANEH
Published: February 2023

The representatives of the genus Ampelisca Krøyer, 1842 collected during the PGGOOS expedition (the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman Oceanographic Study) were studied. The species Ampelisca persicus sp. nov., Ampelisca lowryi sp. nov. and Ampelisca linearis sp. nov. were described. A redescription of Ampelisca cyclops Walker, 1904 was prepared based on material of the western part of the Indian Ocean. The differences between this and other records of A. cyclops were studied.
A third species of Pakistatyrus Hlaváč (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae)
Authors: YIN ZI-WEI
Published: February 2023

The pselaphine genus Pakistatyrus Hlaváč (Pselaphitae: Tyrini) is represented by two species distributed in high mountain areas of the Himalaya. Here a third species, P. schmidti sp. nov., is described from Nepal. The species is characterized by the simple male antennae, large foveae of the pronotum and elytra, greatly reduced elytra, and conspicuously asymmetric aedeagus. A key to and an updated distribution map of the species of Pakistatyrus is provided.
Climatological Characteristics of Hydrometeors in Precipitating Clouds over Eastern China and Their Relationship with Precipitation Based on ERA5 Reanalysis
Authors: Tang Lanzhi , Gao Wenhua , Xue Lulin , Zhang Guo , Guo Jianping
Published: February 2023

The long-term characteristics of four 15 hydrometeor species (cloud water, cloud ice, rain, and snow) in precipitating clouds over eastern China (dividing into South China, Jianghuai, and North China) and their relationships with surface rainfall are first investigated using the fifth generation European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) atmospheric reanalysis (ERA5) hourly dataset from May to August during 1979-2020. The results show that the cloud water path decreases significantly from south to north owing to the large-scale circulation and water vapor distribution, with the maximum value of 180 g m−2 in South China and only half in North China. The slope in linear relationship between rain water path and precipitation intensity is the maximum (5.68 h−1) in South China, implying the highest conversion rate from rain water to precipitation in this region. When the precipitation rate exceeds 15 mm h−1, the ice-phase hydrometeor contents in South China become the largest among three regions, indicating the cold rain process is crucial to the heavy rainfall. The moisture-related processes play a dominant role in the precipitation intensity. Though the contribution of hydrometeor advection to precipitation is generally between −5% and 5%, we found that it can jointly modulate the location of heavy rainfall. In addition, the peaks of cloud water path commonly appear 2-3 h ahead of precipitation, while the peaks of ice-phase particles occur 2 h and 1 h behind the afternoon precipitation onset in South China and Jianghuai, which is mainly attributed to the different upward velocity and water vapor convergence in the middle-upper troposphere.
Springtime Southwest Cloud Bands in the Central Caribbean
Authors: Jury Mark R.
Published: February 2023

Southwest cloud bands during spring (April and May) bring rains to central Caribbean islands at the end of the dry season. A cluster analysis of daily 500-hPa geopotential height fields for 1980–2021 identifies a low-west–high-east dipole pattern related to Pacific–North America response to El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and springtime wet spells over the Dominican Republic and Puerto Rico. The regional dipole and local rain time series are ranked to identify the top 10 cases for analysis of meteorological conditions. Hovmöller plots of midlevel meridional wind and specific humidity during April 1983 and May 1986 wet spells reveal a standing Rossby wave train pattern that converges moisture onto the leading edge of a subtropical trough. Composite vertical sections during Caribbean Sea wet spells reveal lower easterly–upper westerly wind anomalies over South America associated with the equatorial Madden–Julian oscillation. Thunderstorm clusters within the southwesterly airflow induce multiday wet spells and flash floods. A second statistical method demonstrated how ENSO underpins Caribbean spring climate anomalies via tropical ocean–atmosphere Rossby wave coupling. Historical trends and long-range projections indicate that springtime tropical–midlatitude interactions may diminish due to an accelerating Hadley cell and retreating jet stream, leading to a delayed onset of the wet season across the Antilles Islands.
Stability of Constant and Variable Coefficient Semi-Implicit Schemes for the Fully Elastic System of Euler Equations in the Case of Steep Slopes
Authors: Burgot Thomas , Auger Ludovic , Bénard Pierre
Published: February 2023

Crank–Nicolson temporal schemes are usually employed in most semi-implicit models commonly applied in numerical weather prediction. These schemes are approached by fixed points methods like the iterative centered implicit scheme, where a linear operator is introduced to invert the implicit problem. When this operator is spatially dependent the scheme is a variable coefficient one, and a constant coefficient one otherwise. Constant and variable coefficient temporal schemes are analyzed and tested on idealized test cases to improve numerical stability on the steepest slopes of the orography encountered at hectometric scales. These analyses and experiments are conducted for the fully elastic system of Euler equations for different slopes and different thermal residuals. Because of their low computational cost, several strategies can be easily tested. None of the strategies considered for constant coefficient schemes significantly improves numerical stability without worsening efficiency or accuracy. Hence, constant coefficient schemes are probably not the most suitable schemes for high-resolution computing. A successful strategy consists in using the same features of constant coefficient schemes except for the orographic terms that are implicitly treated, resulting in a variable coefficient scheme. In this case, slopes up to 70° can be easily reached, even in the case of a moderate thermal residual. Since estimates on the condition number of the implicit problem containing orographic terms remains low even in case of steep slopes, the implicit problem should be easily inverted by an iterative solver.
The Influence of Cell Mergers on Supercell Characteristics and Tornado Evolution on 27–28 April 2011
Authors: Lyza Anthony W. , Flournoy Matthew D.
Published: February 2023

Numerous questions remain regarding the influence of environmental inhomogeneities on supercell evolution. Motivated by this topic, this study associates cell-merger occurrence with supercell evolution and tornado production during the prolific 27–28 April 2011 outbreak in the U.S. Southeast. This event included 29 discrete supercells that produced 102 tornadoes and featured 300 cell mergers. Cell-merger frequency increased for supercells that initiated farthest east, possibly owing to changes in overall convective coverage over time. There is some signal for stronger mesocyclones to be associated with more mergers in the primary supercell’s forward flank. There is also a slight tendency for supercells that encounter more cell mergers to produce tornadoes more quickly, especially for those that formed away from a significant zonal boundary. However, there is a slight tendency for supercells spawning the longest-lived tornadoes (especially those with durations over 60 min) to be associated with fewer cell mergers during the 15-min window preceding tornadogenesis. Of particular importance, a significant inverse relationship exists between premerger mesocyclone strength and the subsequent change in mesocyclone strength during the merger (i.e., weaker mesocyclones tended to strengthen as a result of the merger, and vice versa). These findings highlight the influence that cell mergers can have on supercell evolution and tornado production—even within an incredibly volatile environment—and motivate future work exploring the physical processes involved and ways to translate these findings into experimental techniques or guidance for operational forecasters.

Significance Statement

The prolific 27–28 April 2011 supercell tornado outbreak in the U.S. Southeast featured 29 supercells that produced 102 tornadoes. This study analyzes mergers between these tornadic supercells and 300 weaker cells to determine if the mergers corresponded with important supercell characteristics. This appeared to be the case during this event; cell-merger events tended to be associated with tornadic periods of the supercells’ life cycles and influenced low- and midlevel mesocyclone strength, supercell evolutionary time scales, and subsequent tornado duration. These results are important for (i) better understanding of different supercell evolutionary paths in similar background environments and (ii) motivating future work in investigating experimental products related to these findings.
Operationalizing Human Security: What Role for the Responsibility to Protect?
Authors: Lau Raymond Kwun-Sun
Published: February 2023

The concept of human security, whose origin could be traced back to the 1994 Human Development Report published by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) represents an ambitious attempt to broaden the meaning of security and, perhaps most importantly, challenge the state-centric notion of national security. A resolution (A/RES/66/290) adopted by the United Nations (UN) General Assembly in September 2012 has, for the first time in UN history, formally recognized human security as an approach to ‘assist Member States in identifying and addressing widespread and cross-cutting challenges to the survival, livelihood and dignity of their people’. While the discussion of the human security concept continued within the UN, the advocacy of key UN member states for human security had been shifted to the Responsibility to Protect (R2P). Considering the fact that the potential role of the R2P to promote and operationalize human security has not been adequately explored, this article seeks to understand the positive potential role that R2P can play in operationalizing human security by exploring the relationship between the two. Acknowledging the efforts of Lloyd Axworthy, the former Canadian foreign minister, in situating ‘human security in the R2P era’, this article argues that R2P plays an important role in clarifying the scope and sharpening the focus of human security. This, therefore, can help strengthen the implementation of the human security concept.
Childhood Overweight and Obesity in Vietnam: A Landscape Analysis of the Extent and Risk Factors
Authors: Van Minh Hoang , Khuong Dr Quynh Long , Tran Tuan Anh , Do Hong Phuong , Watson Fiona , Lobstein Tim
Published: February 2023

Tackling childhood overweight and obesity is critical not only to improve the health and well-being of children and adolescents, but also for entire populations and future generations. This paper provides the latest evidence on the extent of, and risk factors for, childhood overweight and obesity in Vietnam. The landscape analysis tool developed by the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) and World Health Organization (WHO) was used. A search for peer-reviewed articles in English on online databases was undertaken. Peer-reviewed Vietnamese articles were also retrieved from a range of sources. The prevalence of overweight among children aged under 5 years increased from 5.6% in 2010 to 7.4% in 2019. For overweight and obesity among children aged 5 to 19 years, prevalence rose from 8.5% and 2.5% in 2010 to 19% and 8.1% in 2020, respectively. Maternal malnutrition, gestational diabetes during pregnancy, and inadequate infant and young child feeding practices are all risk factors for early childhood overweight. Unhealthy diets, insufficient physical activity, and lack of sleep are among the risk factors for overweight and obesity among school aged children and adolescents. The prevention of overweight and obesity among Vietnamese children requires a whole-of-government, cross-sectoral approach to addresses the obesogenic environment that is negatively influencing the nutrition of children.
Testimonios of Mexican American Students Along the Community College Pathway: Intercultural Conciencia as an Act of Responsiveness
Authors: Jaime-Diaz Jesus , Ramos Diana Carolina
Published: February 2023

Objective: The purpose of this study is to better understand the lived experiences and familial culture that influence the college decisions and experiences of Mexican American students in a community college in Oregon. The research questions guiding this study are “What early schooling experiences affect the college experiences of Mexican American students?” and “How does familial culture influence students’ decision to attend community college?” Method: The study was based on testimonios that explored the lived experiences of Mexican American students. Each participant was interviewed. All data were recorded and then transcribed for themes. Results: The findings that emerged across student testimonios in relation to language socialization, cultural affirmation, and animo de familia emphasized the need for an intercultural competency. Students’ decisions to attend college and their overall understanding of their place in education are connected to cultural factors. Contributions: The authors call for higher education faculty and staff to consider what these themes can teach about the lived experiences of Mexican American students and the effects they have on their college education. It is advised that through conocimientos, educators can develop intercultural conciencia in order to better contribute to the educational retention and success of minoritized students.
An Atypical Lesion in the Nasal Cavity: Glomus Tumor
Authors: Arık Erbil , Gunduz Yasemin , Cakirsoy Cakar Gozde , Elden Halil
Published: February 2023

Glomus tumors are rare vascular tumors that originate in the glomus bodies. These tumors are uncommon in the head and neck region and are extremely rare in the nasal cavity. Intranasal glomus tumors mostly have a clinical and radiologic indolent behavior. This report presents the clinical, pathological, and radiological features of a 60-year-old female patient with a glomus tumor that has an atypical size and location.
Titles and keywords: ‘Great love isn’t two people finding the perfect match in one another!’
Authors: Diao Junli
Published: February 2023

Compared with abstracts, titles and keywords are briefer, more condensed, but fragmented textual elements on the first page of research articles (RAs) that summarise their content and represent their themes to enhance the discoverability. Therefore, the hidden, subtle relationship between titles and associated keywords increasingly attracts scholars’ attention. This research attempts to analyse title lengths and lexical words of two major title types: nominal titles and colonic titles, and investigate the matching coefficient (MC) values between lexical words and keywords assigned by authors. A total number of 505 RA titles from 15 journals in Library and Information Science were examined. Regarding title length and lexical words, the results found statistically significant differences between colonic and nominal titles. However, the results did not support the hypothesis that colonic titles have a higher MC value with author-assigned keywords than nominal titles. In light of significant findings, this research recommends constructing titles that maximise informativity and build effective keywords.
What do eye care workers do when their patients go blind?
Authors: Adio Adedayo Omobolanle , Bekibele Charles Obu
Published: February 2023

Sometimes even with the best efforts by the eye care worker (ECW), patients cannot be stopped from losing vision even in the best of centers anywhere in the world. However, in developing countries, most vision loss happens in rural and suburban areas away from where ECWs are majorly located due to poor facilities, adverse living conditions, and poverty. Once irreversible blindness happens, rehabilitation should follow. However, the numbers of those who are not referred for rehabilitation by far outstrips those who are, for various reasons. To find out why this is so, 150 ECWs with 1:2 M:F ratio were contacted through Google links sent through WhatsApp groups. Glaucoma was statistically the commonest cause of irreversible blindness (χ2 = 66.17, p-value < .0001) mostly from late presentation ( n = 146 of 150 responses, 97.7%). When patients go blind, most ( n = 132, 87.4%) of the ECW advise them to go to a blind school (81.2%). Only about a quarter of the respondents properly ensure that they go. A third admitted ( n = 78, 39%) that knowing the patients personally improved their willingness to refer. Many do not think the government is doing enough to help the blind ( n = 118, 78.7%). Even though many ECWs have given sensitization talks on blindness (124 of 164 responses), very few focus on what happens after blindness occurs (42.4% of respondents). A third of the ECW admitted to not doing enough for the blind in their practice ( n = 51, 34%). Majority have, however, heard about The Lens Eye Clinic (TLEC) rehab center, one of the foremost rehabilitation centers for the blind in Nigeria ( n = 103, 68.7%). ECW should ensure those who live in rural areas have poor socioeconomic background, less educated, female, elderly, or born blind should have regular screening and awareness programs in the areas of practice to catch the condition on time with provision made for early counseling and support services.
Targeting BACE1-mediated production of amyloid beta improves hippocampal synaptic function in an experimental model of ischemic stroke
Authors: Basak Jacob M , Falk Macy , Mitchell Danae N , Coakley Kelley A , Quillinan Nidia , Orfila James E , Herson Paco S
Published: February 2023

Post-stroke cognitive impairment and dementia (PSCID) affects many survivors of large vessel cerebral ischemia. The molecular pathways underlying PSCID are poorly defined but may overlap with neurodegenerative pathophysiology. Specifically, synaptic dysfunction after stroke may be directly mediated by alterations in the levels of amyloid beta (Aβ), the peptide that accumulates in the brains of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients. In this study, we use the transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) model in young adult mice to evaluate if a large vessel stroke increases brain soluble Aβ levels. We show that soluble Aβ40 and Aβ42 levels are increased in the ipsilateral hippocampus in MCAo mice 7 days after the injury. We also analyze the level and activity of β-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1), an enzyme that generates Aβ in the brain, and observe that BACE1 activity is increased in the ipsilateral hippocampus of the MCAo mice. Finally, we highlight that treatment of MCAo mice with a BACE1 inhibitor during the recovery period rescues stroke-induced deficits in hippocampal synaptic plasticity. These findings support a molecular pathway linking ischemia to alterations in BACE1-mediated production of Aβ, and encourage future studies that evaluate whether targeting BACE1 activity improves the cognitive deficits seen with PSCID.
Foot drop on the opposite side after spinal anesthesia for ankle fracture surgery: a case report
Authors: Zhang Wendong , Ma Xingxing , Chen Jiaxin
Published: February 2023

Neurological complications after spinal anesthesia have been rarely reported. Persistent neurological dysfunction due to spinal cord or nerve root injury is a serious complication of lumbar anesthesia and manifests as leg pain, numbness, and weakness after initial recovery from anesthesia. We herein report a case of foot drop on the opposite side after spinal anesthesia for ankle fracture surgery. The patient’s symptoms completely disappeared after 3 months, and we consider that her neurological complications were likely caused by the neurotoxicity of local anesthetics.
Psychological contract breach and emotional exhaustion among self-initiated expatriates: The role of social support and cultural orientation
Authors: Hussain Taiba , Deery Stephen
Published: February 2023

Self-initiated expatriates (SIEs) face a unique set of challenges associated with working abroad without organizational sponsorship or support. A lack of clarity about mutual obligations and responsibilities can often lead to misunderstandings about the terms of the employment relationship and to perceptions of psychological contract breach. Drawing on a sample of self-initiated expatriates working in the United Arab Emirates, this study examines the relationship between psychological contract breach and emotional exhaustion exploring how culturally based value orientations and social support affect the relationship. Results indicate that individual-level cultural orientation can shape the responses of SIEs to perceived breaches and to its detrimental emotional effects. Individuals with a collectivist as opposed to an individualist orientation utilize more effectively social support from co-workers and supervisors and are less likely to be negatively affected by psychological contract breaches.
Harvesting energy from shock environments via functionally graded magneto-electro-elastic materials
Authors: Khaghanifard Jalal , Askari Amir R. , Taghizadeh Mohsen
Published: February 2023

Given the fact that the environmental kinetic energy may appear in the form of shock pulse excitation, this paper aims to investigate the response of a shock excited cantilever beam equipped with two symmetric functionally graded magneto-electro-elastic layers. To this end, employing a hybrid procedure including the Ritz method together with the geometric nonlinear Euler-Bernoulli beam theory, the coupled magneto-electro-mechanical reduced equations of motion are obtained. The model predictions are compared and successfully validated by those available in the literature. Having the vibration frequency of the system, which is obtained by the method of multiple time scales, the optimal duration maximizing the influence of shock pulse acceleration is predicted using the power shock spectrum introduced in this study for the first time. The results reveal that the harvested power maximizes when the system fundamental frequency becomes 1.36 times the equivalent shock frequency.
Experimental investigations and parametric effects on depositions of super duplex stainless steel in wire arc additive manufacturing
Authors: Kumar Prakash , Maji Kuntal
Published: February 2023

Identification of suitable processing conditions is essential for successful fabrication of engineering components of any material by wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM). Objectives of this article are to determine optimal process parameters for deposition of super duplex stainless steel (SDSS) ER2594 in gas metal arc welding (GMAW)-based WAAM using response surface methodology (RSM) and characterisation of the deposited materials. The developed RSM-based models of deposition geometry in terms of bead width and bead height, and deposition rate based on experimental data showed higher values of width, height and deposition rate for increasing voltage and wire feed speed due to higher heat input onto the tip of wire and decreasing torch travel speed and gas flow rate. Results of tensile tests of the deposited SDSS exhibited increase of mechanical properties like yield strength, ultimate tensile strength and elongation by 28.8%, 14.3% and 84%, respectively, compared to that of the cast SDSS material. Microstructural characterisations of the deposited SDSS wall using SEM exhibited a typically higher ratio of austenite to ferrite phases (77:23) with oriented columnar dendritic structure compared to that of the base material (50:50). Pre-heating of the substrate could enhance the deposited bead size with higher width due to higher energy available for melting and spreading of the beads.
Improvement of the hydraulic system in a rail grinder based on the grinding effect
Authors: Zeng Luqing , Cui Dabin , Li Li , Liu Tao
Published: February 2023

Rail grinding is an important method for metro rail maintenance. The rail grinding process is a mechanical, electric, and hydraulic coupling process built on vehicle-track relationship. A low grinding power may result in a low grinding effect, whereas a high grinding power may cause a white layer and damage to the rail. Constant-power grinding is the traditional grinding method, and the grinding effect is constrained by this undifferentiated grinding style. In this study, first, a rail grinding model is established. The goal of this study was to improve the hydraulic system by installing check valves at the oil inlet and outlet. The grinding pressure at the peak of rail irregularity was increased through the delayed pressure relief induced by these valves, and the grinding effect was improved. Normal corrugation allows for the maintenance of the grinding pressure and an improvement in the peak clipping effect. Under severe corrugation, the grinding pressure can be released and the grinding power fluctuation can be narrowed. The difference in corrugation depth before and after grinding under normal corrugation was taken as the objective function. The extreme value of grinding power under severe corrugation is a boundary condition. The cracking pressure of the check valve in the oil outlet was optimised. The optimal cracking pressure of this check valve was analysed in this study using modelling and simulation. The results showed that the optimal cracking pressure for this valve was 60 psi. The grinding effect increased by 12.7% under normal corrugation using this improved technique. Additionally, during severe corrugation, maximum grinding power is 30 kW, which is within the allowable range.
Self-archiving of Scholarly Publications for improved access to local content in Tanzania: A study of Open Access Institutional Repositories in Universities in Tanzania
Authors: Mbughuni Anna Shangwe , Mtega Wulystan Pius , Malekani Andrew Watson
Published: February 2023

This study sought to investigate how the self-archiving of scholarly publications in Open Access Institutional Repositories can be strengthened for improved access to local content. Specifically, the study sought to investigate factors that influence self-archiving of scholarly publications in OAIRs, examine the implementation of OAIRs policies on self-archiving of scholarly publications in OAIRs and determine challenges that hinder self-archiving of scholarly publications in OAIRs. The population of the study consisted of 2894 faculty members and 413 sample size, obtained through a systematic random sampling technique. Data were collected using questionnaires and interviews with eight key informants. Key findings indicated that there are factors that influenced self-archiving of scholarly publications in OAIRs among faculty members such motivating factors, availability of technical support, supervisors/peers/colleagues and supporting services. Moreover, the study found challenges that hindered self-archiving as low level of awareness and inadequate advocacy for a self-archiving, lack of personal benefit such as rewards and promotions, fear of the plagiarism, lack of enough facilities like ICT and internet connectivity. The study also found that there was a need to implement OAIR policies in self-archiving of scholarly publications in the OAIRs. In order to strengthen self-archiving, the study recommends providing support services, technical supports, encouraging supervisors/peers/colleagues, creating awareness, providing personal benefits, provide education and give more time, effort and implement OAIR policies to enhance the process of self-archiving scholarly publications in OAIRs. The findings of this study shall contribute new knowledge to the existing research outputs that have been conducted in this field.
Neuroprotective Effects of P-Coumaric Acid on Haloperidol-Induced Catalepsy Through Ameliorating Oxidative Stress and Brain Dopamine Level
Authors: Pathan Afsar S. , Jain Pankaj G. , Kumawat Vivek S. , Katolkar Ujwal N. , Surana Sanjay J.
Published: February 2023

Objective

To evaluate the effect of p-coumaric acid (p-CA) on haloperidol-induced catalepsy in Swiss albino male mice.

Methods

To induce catalepsy, haloperidol (1 mg/kg i.p.) was administered for 21 consecutive days. p-CA (50, 75, and 100 mg/kg, PO) was administered 30 min before haloperidol injection for 21 consecutive days. For catalepsy, locomotor activity and motor coordination scores were recorded on the 17, 14, and 21 days of drug treatment, while the gait analysis score was recorded on day 21. After behavioral testing, animals were sacrificed, and various biochemical and histopathology tests of the brain were conducted. Dopamine, malondialdehyde, reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase activity were examined in the brain.

Results

Chronic administration of haloperidol significantly increased catalepsy in mice. It also produced hypolocomotion, motor coordination, and gait disturbance in mice. p-CA significantly inhibited haloperidol-induced catalepsy. Haloperidol significantly increased malondialdehyde levels in the brain. While dopamine levels in the brain dropped along with GSH, SOD, and catalase activity levels, which also had an impact on the histology of the brain. p-CA significantly reduced haloperidol-induced increases in brain oxidative stress, dopamine levels in the brain, and brain histology in mice.

Discussion

p-CA significantly reduced haloperidol-induced catalepsy, possibly through reducing oxidative stress and increasing brain dopamine levels. It can be a good candidate drug for extrapyramidal symptoms in Parkinson’s disease and adjuvant therapy with antipsychotic drugs.
‘It was pop that was making the bread’: Accounting and musical space at Abbey Road studios
Authors: Jubb Darren
Published: February 2023

This research considers the relationship between accounting and physical space, focusing on the creation of musical recordings within the musical and ‘magical’ space of Abbey Road Studios during the 1960s. Building on prior studies that have utilised the work of Foucault to theorise accounting's ability to contribute to making space more disciplinary, this study highlights how, at the beginning of the 1960s, accounting was part of a wider regime that rendered the non-disciplinary, musical space of the recording studio visible and controllable in order to standardise musical recording practices. As the period progressed, and against a backdrop of cultural revolution in 1960s Britain, existing rules and procedures were circumvented by musicians, producers and engineers who utilised experimental practices to create non-standardised, ‘magical’, sonic worlds. Control over the musical space of the recording studio waned and so too did accounting's ability to capture and manage the emergent creative practices.