bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
STUDI IN SILICO POTENSI AKTIVITAS FARMAKOLOGI SENYAWA GOLONGAN DIHIDROTETRAZOLOPIRIMIDIN
Authors: Kurnyawaty N. , Suwito H. , Kusumattaqiin F.
Published: April 2022

Senyawa golongan dihidrotetrazolopirimidin dapat disintesis menggunakan Reaksi Biginelli. Senyawa etil 5-metil-7-(4-morfolinofenil)-4,7-dihidrotetrazolo[1,5a] pirimidin-6-karboksilat (MDP) merupakan senyawa organik baru terdiri atas cincin dihidrotetrazolopirimidin dengan gugus samping morfolinofenil. Penelitian sebelumnya menyebutkan bahwa senyawa pirimidin dan turunannya memiliki berbagai macam aktivitas farmakologi. Pada penelitian ini, senyawa MDP dianalisis menggunakan studi in silico untuk mengetahui potensi yang dimiliki sebagai agen terapi untuk mengatasi masalah kesehatan. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa senyawa MDP berpotensi sebagai antimalaria, antikanker, dan antihiperurisemia dilihat dari binding energy yang bernilai negatif atau rendah. Interaksi senyawa MDP dengan reseptor yang bernilai paling negatif pada saat berinteraksi dengan protein XOD dibandingkan dengan nilai binding energy MDP dengan Kinesin Eg5 dan PfDHODH. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa senyawa MDP paling potensial jika digunakan sebagai antihiperurisemia dengan nilai binding energy sebesar -8,33 kkal/mol dengan konstanta inhibisi 0,79 µM.

Kata kunci:   antihiperurisemia, antikanker, antimalaria,  dihidrotetrazolopirimidin, in silico

Dihydrotetrazolopyrimidine derivatives can be synthezed using the Biginelli Reaction. Ethyl 5-methyl-7-(4-morpholinophenyl)-4,7-dihydrotetrazolo[1,5a]pyrimidine-6-carboxylate (MDP) is a new organic compound consisting of a dihydrotetrazolopyrimidine ring with morpholinophenyl moiety. Previous studies showed that pyrimidine compounds and their derivatives exhibited various pharmacological activities. In this study, MDP compound was analyzed using in silico studies to determine its potential to be used as therapeutic agent to overcome health problems. The results of the analysis showed that the MDP compound has potential activity as an antimalarial, anticancer, and antihyperuricemia, based on negative or low binding energy. The interaction of MDP compound with XOD protein showed the lowest binding energy compared to Kinesin Eg5 and PfDHODH. Based on the docking experiments performed, it can be concluded that MDP compound showed the most potential to be used as an antihyperuricemia with binding energy of -8.33 kcal/mol and inhibition concentration of 0,79 µM.

Keywords: anticancer, antihyperuricemia, antimalarial, dihydrotetrazolopyrimidine, in silico
KARAKTERISTIK FISIKO-KIMIA KATALIS HETEROGEN CaO-BASE DAN PEMANFAATANNYA UNTUK KONVERSI MINYAK GORENG BEKAS SECARA SINAMBUNG MENJADI BIODIESEL
Authors: Simpen I N. , Negara I M. S. , Ratnayani O.
Published: April 2022

Penelitian tentang katalis heterogen berbasis CaO dari cangkang kepiting sebagai support yang dimodifikasi dengan K2CO3 dan TiO2 serta pemanfaatnnya untuk konversi minyak goreng bekas secara sinambung menjadi biodiesel telah dilakukan. CaO hasil preparasi dicampurkan dengan K2CO3 dan TiO2 dengan variasi rasio secara reaksi fasa padat. Katalis heterogen yang diperoleh dikarakterisasi luas permukaan spesifik BET dan rerata ukuran partikelnya dengan N2 gas sorption analyzer, keasaman dan kebasaan permukaannya dengan metode titrasi asam basa, serta kristalinitasnya dengan XRD. Katalis dengan karakteristik terbaik diuji aktivitas katalitiknya terhadap yield biodiesel dalam mengonversi minyak goreng bekas dan kandungannya dianalisis menggunakan GC-MS. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa karakteristik fisiko-kimia katalis optimum diperoleh pada CaO/K2O:TiO2 rasio massa 3:1. Uji aktivitas katalitik untuk konversi minyak goreng bekas menjadi biodiesel diperoleh yield 88,24%, lebih tinggi dari CaO/K2O (65,03%) dan CaO (64,09%). Analisis GC-MS menunjukkan bahwa komposisi biodiesel yang dominan adalah metil ester, yaitu metil laurat, metil meristat, metil palmitoleat, dan metil linoleat.

Kata kunci: biodiesel, CaO/K2O:TiO2, katalis heterogen, karakteristik fisiko-kimia, minyak goreng bekas

Research about heterogeneous catalyst prepared from CaO of crab shells as support modified with K2CO3 and TiO2 as well as its utilization for converting used cooking oil (UCO) into biodiesel simultaneously has been carried out. Prepared CaO was mixed with K2CO3 and TiO2 with various ratios by using solid state reaction. The BET spesific surface area and the mean particle size of the resulting heterogenous catalyst were characterized by N2 gas sorption analyzer, surface acidity and basicity by base-acid titration method, and crystallinity by XRD. The activity of the catalyst with the best characteristics for converting UCO into biodiesel yield was tested and the chemical contents were analyzed by GC-MS. The results showed that the optimum physico-chemical characteristics of the heterogeneous catalyst was CaO/K2O:TiO2 with mass ratio of 3:1. The catalytic activity of the CaO/K2O/TiO2 catalyst in converting UCO into biodiesel was 88.24%, higher than CaO/K2O catalyst (65.03%) and CaO (64.09%). The results of GC-MS analysis indicated that the chemical contents of biodiesel were dominantly methyl esters, such as methyl laurate, methyl meristate, methyl palmitoleate, methyl palmitate, and methyl linoleate.

Keywords: biodiesel, CaO/K2O:TiO2, heterogeneous catalyst, physico-chemical characteristics, used cooking oil
IDENTIFIKASI SERTA UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI SENYAWA FLAVONOID EKSTRAK DAUN SRIKAYA (Annona squamosa Linn)
Authors: Swantara I M. D. , Damayanti P. A. , Suirta I W.
Published: April 2022

One of the plants containing flavonoid compounds, commonly used as traditional medicine in Indonesia, is srikaya (Annona squamosa Linn). Isolation, identification and antibacterial activity test of flavonoid compounds from srikaya leaf extract against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli by using diffusion well method have been done in this research. Srikaya leaf powder with 8% moisture content was macerated with methanol then evaporated until concentrated extract of 113.85 grams was obtained. The extract was partitioned with n-hexane, ethyl acetate and n-butanol solvents and produced 3.43 grams of n-hexane extract, 2.30 grams of ethyl acetate extract and 3.85 grams of n-butanol extract. The phytochemical test showed that the ethyl acetate extract positively contained flavonoids with the highest total flavonoid levels of 26,117.4 mg QE/100 grams. Isolate F5, as the result of separation and purification of ethyl acetate extract, was positive containing flavonoids and resulting relatively pure isolate, analyzed by thin layer chromatography. Identification of isolate F5 using spectrophotometer UV-Visible and Fourier-Transform Infrared (FTIR) showed two absorption bands at ? max of 376.40 nm (band I) and 256.40 nm (band II) as well as contained functional groups of flavonoid which was OH, C=C aromatic, C-H aliphatic, C-H aromatic, C-O ether and C-O alcohol. These isolates were able to inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli at the concentration of 15% (w/v) with inhibitory diameter of 7.75 and 7.25 mm, respectively. These results indicated that flavonoids isolated from srikaya leaf extract were suspected 5,3’,4’-trihydroxyflavonol and had antibacterial activity with moderate inhibitory ability.

Keywords: antibacterial, flavonoid isolation, srikaya leaf (Annona squamosa Linn),5,3’,4'-trihydroxyflavonol.
AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN DAN ANTIBAKTERI DARI FRAKSI EKSTRAK METANOL KULIT BATANG KESAMBI (Shleichera Oleosa)
Authors: Situmeang B. , Ilham I. , Ibrahim A. M. , Amin F. , Mahardika M. , Bialangi N. , Musa W. J. A.
Published: April 2022

Tumbuhan kesambi (Schleichera oleosa) merupakan tumbuhan obat yang termasuk dalam family Sapindaceae, yang banyak tersebar di wilayah Asia seperti India, Nepal, Malaysia, dan Indonesia. Di Indonesia tumbuhan kesambi dapat ditemukan di pulau Jawa dan Bali. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji aktivitas antioksidan dan antibakteri serta skrining fitokimia fraksi dari ekstrak metanol kulit batang kesambi (Schleichera oleosa). Ektraksi sampel dilakukan menggunakan metode maserasi, sedangkan pemisahan dan analisis fraksi menggunakan metode kromatografi. Aktivitas antioksidan diuji menggunakan metode DPPH dengan kontrol positif vitamin C. Uji aktivitas antibakteri terhadap bakteri Staphylococus aureus dilaksanakan menggunakan metode optical density dengan kontrol positif yaitu ciprofloxacin. Rendemen ekstrak kental metanol diperoleh sebesar 15,5 %. Dari pemisahan dengan kromatografi kolom diperoleh sebanyak 7 fraksi. Hasil uji aktivitas antioksidan menunjukkan fraksi 3 memiliki % inhibisi 69,66 % dengan nilai IC50 sebesar 3,78 ppm. Sedangkan hasil uji antibakteri menunjukkan bahwa fraksi 5 dan 7 memiliki penghambatan terhadap  bakteri S.aureus yang paling tinggi dengan inhibisi sebesar 59,76 %. Hasil skrinig fitokimia fraksi 3, 5, dan 7 menunjukkan positif golongan senyawa flavanoid dan fenolik.

Kata kunci: antibakteri, antioksidan, kesambi, Schleichera oleosa, Staphylococcus aureus.

Kesambi plant (Schleichera oleosa) is a medicinal plant belongs to family Sapindaceae, commonly found in Asian like India, Nepal, Malaysia and Indonesia. In Indonesia, kesambi plants can be found in Java and Bali islands. The purpose of this research was to do antioxidant and antibacterial activity tests, as well as phytochemical screening of kesambi steam bark. The extraction was done using maceration method while the purification and analysis of the fractions was carried out using chromatography thin lawyer. Antioxidant activity was tested using DPPH method with vitamin C as positive control. Antibacterial activity test against Staphylococus aureus was done using optical density method with ciprofloxacin as positive control. The recovery of methanol extraction was 15.5%. Purification of the methanol extract resulted in 7 fractions. The antioxidant activity test showed that fraction 3 had the highest inhibition valueof 69.66% with IC50 value of 3.78 ppm. Antibacterial activity test against S.aureus indicated that fraction 5 and 7 had the highest inhibition value of 59.76%. The result of phytochemical screening showed that fraction 3, 5 and 7 contained flavonoid and phenolic compounds.

Keywords: antibacterial, antioxidant, kesambi, Schleichera oleosa, Staphylococcus aureus.
AMIDATION CINNAMIC ACID BY DIETHYLAMINE WITH BORIC ACID AS CATALYST USING ULTRASONIC IRRADIATION
Authors: Purwaningsih Y. , Hanhadyanaputri E. S. , Mutiara E. V. , Dewi D. I. , Muthohar Y. A.
Published: April 2022

Amides have important biological activities in medicine and agriculture. Amides can be synthesized in various ways, one of which is the direct reaction of carboxylic acid compounds and amines using boric acid as a catalyst. The purpose of this study was to synthesize N, N-diethyl cinnamamide compounds through direct amidation of cinnamic acid by diethylamine. The catalyst used was 5% mol of boric acid. The reaction process took place in a sonicator bath at 50oC within 40 minutes. The characterization of the compound was carried out by ATR-FTIR and 1H-NMR Spectrometry.  The product of the synthesis was a 20,47% yellowish-white solid with a yield of a sapodilla fruit aroma. Identification using ATR-FTIR spectrometry showed several functional groups characteristic for Cinnamamide derivative, namely the C=O amide, C=C, C-N, aliphatic CH groups, monosubstituted benzene which were conjugated by a double bond. Characterization using 1H-NMR showed several chemical shifts for the compound N,N-diethyl cinnamamide. Based on these reason, it could be concluded that the compounds N, N-diethyl cinnamamide can be synthesized with good yields in a short time.

Keywords: amidation, boric acid, cinnamic acid, irradiation ultrasound, and N,N-diethyl cinnamamide.

Senyawa amida memiliki aktivitas biologi yang penting dalam bidang pengobatan dan juga pertanian. Amida dapat disintesis dengan berbagai cara, salah satunya adalah dengan reaksi langsung senyawa asam karboksilat dan amina menggunakan katalis asam borat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mensintesis senyawa N,N-dietil sinamamida melalui amidasi langsung asam sinnamat oleh dietilamina.  Katalis yang digunakan adalah asam borat 5% mol. Proses reaksi berlangsung dalam sonikator pada suhu 50oC dalam waktu 40 menit. Karakterisasi senyawa dilakukan dengan spektrometri ATR-FTIR dan 1H-NMR. Hasil sintesis berupa padatan putih kekuningan sebanyak 20,47% dengan aroma buah sawo. Identifikasi menggunakan spektrometri ATR menunjukkan beberapa gugus fungsi yang karakteristik untuk turunan sinamamida yaitu gugus C=O amida, C=C, C-N, CH alifatik, benzena monosubstitusi yang terkonjugasi oleh ikatan rangkap. Karakterisasi dengan 1H-NMR menunjukkan beberapa pergeseran kimia untuk senyawa N,N-dietil sinamamida. Berdasarkan hal-hal tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa hasil amidasi asam sinamat oleh dietilamina adalah N,N-dietil sinamamida dengan rendemen yang baik dalam waktu yang singkat.

Kata kunci: amidasi, asam borat, asam sinnamat, iradiasi ultrasonik dan N,N-dietil sinnamamida.
ANALISIS KAFEIN DALAM KOPI ARABIKA (Coffea arabica L.) PADA BERBAGAI SUHU PENYANGRAIAN DENGAN METODE SPEKTROFOTOMETER UV-VIS DAN GC-MS
Authors: Suaniti N. M. , Saraswati A. A. S. D. , Putra A. A. B.
Published: April 2022

Proses roasting (penyangraian) saat preparasi biji kopi menyebabkan perubahan pada kandungan kafein pada kopi sehingga dihasilkan kualitas kopi berbeda-beda. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui kadar kafein yang terdapat pada kopi pada berbagai suhu serta untuk menentukan gugus fungsi yang terkandung di dalam kopi. Kadar kafein pada sampel kopi arabika dari Desa Ulian Kintamani yang diproduksi dengan variasi suhu penyangraian dan dianalisis dengan spektrofotometri Ultra Violet-Visible (UV-Vis), sedangkan strukturnya dianalisis dengan Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Sampel biji kopi tersebut memiliki variasi suhu penyangrai yaitu 195?C, 205?C, dan 215?C.  Kadar rata-rata kafein pada kopi pada suhu penyangraian 195?C, 205?C, dan 215?C berturut-turut adalah 0,28 x 10-3; 0,13 x 10-3; dan 0,10 x 10-3 % (b/v). Dari data perhitungan tersebut menggambarkan penurunan pada kadar kafein seiring bertambahnya suhu sangrai. Namun struktur senyawa kafein tidak berubah dilihat dari hasil data GC-MS.

Kata Kunci: Kopi arabika, penyangrai, suhu, kadar kafein, struktur kafein.

               Roasting process for the coffee beans preparation has changed the content of the caffeine in the coffee which influences the quality of the coffee. In this study, caffeine analysis at various roasting temperatures was carried out to determine the caffeine content in coffee and to know the functional groups contained in the coffee. Caffeine levels in Arabica coffee samples from Ulian Village, Kintamani was analyzed using UV-Vis spectrophotometry and the structure the structure of caffeine compounds by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The samples of coffee beans have a variety of roasting temperatures, namely 195?C, 205?C, and 215?C. The mean levels of caffeine in coffee at the roasting temperatures of 195?C, 205?C, and 215?C, were 0,28 x 10-3; 0,13 x 10-3; and 0,10 x 10-3 % (w/v), respectively.  From the data calculation, it illustrated the decrease in levels of caffeine with increasing the roasing temperature. However, the structure of the caffeine compound did not change as seen from the GC-MS data. 

Keywords: Arabica coffee, roasting, temperature, caffeine content, caffeine structure.
Cultural Terms on Two Translated Versions of Soethama’s Short Stories: A Comparative Study
Authors: Pratica Wijaya Lina , Mas Indrawati Ni Luh Ketut
Published: April 2022

Translating a literary work from different culture, some problems will emerge, especially related to culture-specific terms since two different languages are certainly have two different cultures. We have to understand that literary work is not just a common writing work, but also contains culture, tradition and people’s daily life especially in ecology and material culture (artefacts). There are three problems in this study: 1) cultural terms related to ecology and material culture (artefacts) in the short story; 2) semantic features of the cultural terms; and 3) translation strategies applied by two translators when translating the cultural terms of the same short story by Gde Aryantha Soethama entitled Seekor Ayam Panggang which is translated by two different translators; Jeanette Lingard and Vern Cork.

The theories applied in this study were theories of cultural aspects (Newmark, 1988:95), theories of semantic features as proposed by Larson (1984) and Yule (1985/2010), and theory of translation strategies by Pedersen (2005) of Extralinguistic Culture-bound References. The collected data were analyzed comparatively. From the discussion of eight cultural terms related to ecology and material culture (artefacts) and their sixteen translations, it is discovered that some of the features were not carried out by the translations. Considering these two languages have different culture, it is inevitable to miss some components in the semantic features and the decision of using more target language-oriented strategies is part of the way to bridge the differences between culture.
Pelanggaran Prinsip Kesantunan dalam Video “GURU”
Authors: Alit Mahendra Gusti , Madia I Made
Published: April 2022

This research was conducted aiming to explain the forms of language impoliteness used by daughter against fathers. Speech that contains elements of politeness in language is the main object in this research. "Violation of the Principle of Politeness in the 'Guru' Video" aims to analyze the utterances on violations of the politeness principle of language in the video titled "Guru". This study uses qualitative descriptive research methods. Data collection using the refer method with the ability to engage in competent free listening then proceed with the note taking technique. The data in this study are in the form of phrases, clauses, and sentences in dialogues on "Guru" video. Based on the results, most violation data are violations of the maxims wisdom amounted 3 utterances, followed by maxim of silence feeling of 2 utterances. Implications that appears in the video "Guru" there are 6 implicature where 3 forced implicature, honestly admitted of 2 implicature and 1 admitted implicature. Impoliteness speech is dominated by daughter as speakers. This research is also expected to be an input for Balinese language teachers so that the community and school environment can apply politeness in speaking.
The Nominal Address Terms Found In The Movie Harry Potter And The Chamber Of Secrets As English Teaching Material
Authors: Kurnia Utami Putu , Mas Indrawati Ni Luh Ketut
Published: April 2022

This study aims to analyze the types of nominal address term and the factors which influenced the choice of it found in the movie Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets as well as how to use them as authentic teaching material in English class.

This study used the movie Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets as the data source. The method of collecting data are, first, the movie was watched. Second, the script of the movie was downloaded from the internet. Then, the script was read. While reading the script, the address terms found were noted. Furthermore, if there were a lot of potential data found to be used, the data were selected into particular ones that were relevant to support the analysis. Once the data were collected, they were classified by the types. The factors constraining the polite choice of address terms then were analyzed.

Based on the analysis, there are several types of nominal address terms found in the movie such as name terms, occupational term, title, kinship term and term of endearment. There were three types of name terms found in the object of the study, they are first name, family name and full name. The factors that influenced the choice of address terms are the intimacy between the addresser and the addressee, the social relationship, and the setting of the conversation. The movie can be used as an authentic material to be used in English class to exposed students to the real language and give the appropriate context about when to use the language.
Penyebab-Penyebab Kesalahan Penggunaan Kata Bahasa Mandarin: Tinjauan Terhadap Mahasiswa Jurusan Bahasa Mandarin di Indonesia
Authors: Weifen Qin
Published: April 2022

Chinese words’ usage errors in compositions of undergraduates are very attractive to be research, because the errors are truly has become the obstruction of communication in composition. The purpose of this study is to describe the cause factors of the Chinese words’ usage errors in compositions of undergraduates. Use the approach of International qualitative methodology and the data of this research is got from the students in Unesa and UWK. The data analysis contains the following procedures. First, identify the word usage errors and classify the types based on the linguistics taxonomy which consisting of phonology, semantics & lexical, morphological, and syntactic. Finally, it analyzes the cause factors from both the perspective of linguistics and non-linguistics. The study finding interference between Chinese and Indonesian is the main linguistics factor causing. At the same time, the strategy of communication and language environment of undergraduates are the non-linguistic factors causing. Moreover, if viewed from the students themselves, learning duration, exposure, language governance, and media of study are also affects the words’ usage in composition.
Native and Target Language Influence on Students’ Interlanguage Speech
Authors: Dika Pratiwi Putu , Sri Adnyani Ni Luh Putu , Adi Jaya Putra I Nyoman
Published: April 2022

Literature confirms that various errors made by Indonesian learners of English as a foreign language are challenging phenomenon which needs our concern. The errors found are both in speech and composition production, which portray the effectiveness of language learning. Students language that belongs neither native nor target language is called interlanguage (IL). The focus of this study is to present the empirical results of the investigation on the IL features of students' speech production. It aims to describe the types and aspects of the native language (NL) and target language (TL) influences and to explain the possible causes of IL production. The data were in the form of 144 ill-formed utterances. In gathering the data, the students were given a guided picture with the topic ‘Last Holiday’. The students' speech was video recorded.  The ill-formed utterances were collected, identified, described, and explained. The result of the study shows that both of their NL and TL influenced the students' interlanguage production at the syntactical level.
Sufiks –m(u) sebagai Pembentuk Verba Deadjektiva Bahasa Jepang: Kajian Morfologi dan Metabahasa Semantik Alami (MSA)
Authors: Sri Wahyuni Luh Made , Widya Purnawati Ketut
Published: April 2022

This research focuses in analyzing morphological processes and the semantic structure of deadjectival verb suffixation –m(u) in Japanese.  Suffix -m(u) is one of the verb-forming suffixes in Japanese. The data was collected from newspaper article from website asahi.com and corpus data from website http://corpora.uni-leipzig.de. The data was collected by observation method and note-taking techniques. The data was analyzed using distribution method.  The theory for analyzing the morphological processes is based on semantic class adjective developed by Morita (2010) and affixation theory developed by Sugioka and Ito (2002).  Then, the theory for analyzing semantic structure deadjectival verb is Natural Semantic Metalanguage (NSM) theory developed by Goddard and Wierzbicka (2014).  The results shows that not all adjectives in Japanese can be affected by the suffix –m(u). Deadjectival verb suffixation –m(u) in Japanese are formed by semantics prime FEEL.  The semantic prime of FEEL can be polysemy with semantic prime THINK and HAPPEN.
Perlocution Meaning of Teacher’s Speech Acts During English Learning Processes in Vi Grade at Institute Course Hallo English Course in Denpasar
Authors: Wismarini Putu Wahyu
Published: April 2022

In this research was examined about perlocution meaning of teacher’s speech acts during English learning processes in VI grade at institute courses Hallo English Course. There are three methods which use in this research that is, method of collecting data which doing by non-participants observation, the method of analyzing data which use frontier method i.e. pragmatics method which is use speech participant as determinant device from the identity of object research and the method of presentations of the analyzing data in this research.  The speech acts which is build in English learning processes is a speech acts of speech. In terms of meaning of speech act there are three meaning that is locution speech acts, the meaning of illocution speech acts, and perlocution speech acts. Some speech which contained by perlocution found in this research, one of government effect which found in teacher’s speech data to the one of student like in the example “Abel count your friends please!” ‘Abel tolong hitung teman-temanmu!’ is a meaning of perlocution speech acts which has government effects.
Jenis Proses Dalam Sistem Transitivitas Pada Teks Mitigasi Aktivitas Erupsi Gunung Agung, Bali Tahun 2017
Authors: Budi Utama I Wayan , Sutama Putu
Published: April 2022

This study aims to determine the types of processes in the TRANSITIVITY system in the text of mitigation the eruption activity of Mount Agung, Bali (TMAEGAB) in 2017 issued by the Center of Volcanology and Geological Hazard Mitigation (PVMBG), Geological Agency, Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources of the Republic Indonesia. This research was conducted to better understand the experience described by speakers (PVMBG) of phenomena to speech partners through the types of processes and semantic characteristics of the process elements in the TRANSITIVITY system, which is included in the study of functional systemic linguistics. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach in which data collection uses the observation method with note-taking techniques. In analyzing the data, using the split method with techniques for direct elements (BUL) and its advanced techniques. Then, in presenting the results of the analysis, formal and informal methods are used with inductive and deductive techniques. The results of this study found that the number of processes that are most widely used in TMAEGAB is the type of relational processes 417 (35.8%), mental processes 247 (21.2%), material processes 205 (17.6%), ergative models 158 (13 , 6%), existential processes 77 (6.6%), and verbal processes 61 (5.24%).
The Translation of Cultural Terms in The Balinese Folktales
Authors: Dewi Rupini Luh Nitya , Sedeng I Nyoman , Mas Indrawati Ni Luh Ketut
Published: April 2022

This study is entitled “The Translation of Cultural Terms in The Balinese Folktales”. This study is aimed at to identify the categories of cultural words and describe about translation procedure. The data were taken directly from Balinese Folktales in internet. Documentation method was used as the method in collecting data; finding the cultural words, note taking and classifying. In analyzing the data, qualitative method was applied. In presenting the analysis, this study used descriptive method. The main theory was proposed by Newmark (1988:95). There was also the other theory by Newmark (1988:45) as the theory of translation procedures. The results of this study showed that the most used types of cultural words found in this study were ecology, material culture and social culture. In connection with translation procedure, there were only three types of translation procedure found in Balinese folktales. The translation procedures used were Literal translation, cultural equivalent, and descriptive equivalent. By translating books from Balinese to English can make other people who read and learn about Balinese culture understand easily. Also, it is the media to introduce Balinese culture to the world.
Effectiveness of Cooperative Learning Model on Mastering Ellipsis Topic of Japanese language on Japanese Literature Student at Udayana University
Authors: Dewi Ni Ketut Lisna Martini
Published: April 2022

This research was entitled "Effectiveness of Cooperative Learning Model on Mastery of Japanese Language Ellipsis Topic on Japanese Literature Students at Udayana University." This study aimed to analyze the understanding and mastery of the fifth semester students of Nihon Gengogaku Nyumon's Japanese Literature Department at Udayana University in the pretest and posttest phases with cooperative learning methods. This research focused on the film ellipsis entitled The Boy and the Beast / Bakemono No Ko directed by Mamoru Hasoda. The theory in this study used a theoretical study proposed by Halliday and Hasan.This research was an experimental research that used qualitative and quantitative approaches. The research method used in this research was observation and test. Observations were made during the implementation of the treatment. In data analysis activities, this research used quantitative data analysis and qualitative data analysis.

The results of this study indicate that there was an increase in the learning process using the cooperative learning method with the type TPS (Think Pairs Share). This could be seen from the results of the pretest and posttest which had increased although not significantly. The pretest percentage for verbal ellipsis from 42.5% increased by 18.5% to 61% for noun ellipsis from 48% increased by 15% to 63% and for clause ellipsis from 56.5% increased by 0.5% to 57%. Based on these results, it could be concluded that there is an increase in student abilities because of the treatment which was carried out for four face-to-face meetings which were carried out on a platform that had been determined by the campus.
Indonesian Sign Language System Analysis for Deaf Students at SLB Negeri 7 Jakarta During Pandemic
Authors: Ramadhanty Fadhilah , Zuindra Zuindra
Published: April 2022

This research aimed to determine the kinds and how sign language used by Deaf students in SLB Negeri 7 Jakarta, especially during the current Covid-19 pandemic. It was preceed as descriptive qualitative research which complied with observation and questionnaire method for data collection, continued by data analysis in accordance with Pierce’s Semiotics theory. The sample data was taken from the sign language produced by Deaf students at SLB Negeri 7 Jakarta. It was analyzed with SIBI Dictionary to find the prudeced sign meaning. This research resulted that SLB Negeri 7 Jakarta used SIBI as the main language on the learning activity and communicate between teachers and Deaf students.
PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND CARDIOVASCULAR AGING: THE MECHANISM AND RECENT EVIDENCES
Authors: Handayani Theressia , Lawrence Cynthia , Tanjung Ni Luh Okta Saktiadewi , Prabowo Angelia Ongko , Wijayanti Stephanie , Dewi Luh Putu Liana Indayana , Daniati Dana , Dewi Luh Gede Wiwin Witsari , Juhanna Indira Vidiari
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT

Successful aging in population means preserving life quality and reducing the health burden. Many factors influence the  successful aging, including physiological, psychological, social, and lifestyle factors.  Physical activity is an important lifestyle factor that can prevent the  chronic diseases, increase longevity and survival, and also improve cognitive and physical functions in elderly. The aim of this narrative review is to explain the correlation between physical activity and successful aging. Recent systematic review showed the benefit of exercise for overall health and cardiovascular system. Physical activity promotes successful aging among middle-aged and older adults especially in the younger population.

 

Keywords : exercise; healthy life style; cardic aging
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DRIVING DURATION AND THE INCIDENCE OF MYOFASCIAL PAIN SYNDROME IN THE UPPER TRAPEZIUS MUSCLE IN MICROBUS DRIVERS AT UBUNG TERMINAL
Authors: Putra Yudi Pramana , Saraswati Ni Luh Putu Gita Karunia , Thanaya Sayu Aryantari Putri
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT

 

Myofascial pain syndrome is commonly felt by drivers who perform activities in a static and repetitive manner for long durations. Myofascial pain syndrome is caused by a change in cervical posture, leading to excessive burden and tightness in the upper trapezius muscle. Complaints are described as pain due to the suppression of nociceptor nerve fibers in the neck and shoulder area. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between driving duration and the incidence of myofascial pain syndrome in the upper trapezius muscle in microbus drivers at Ubung Terminal, specifically drivers majoring the Singaraja-Denpasar/Denpasar-Singaraja route. The sampling technique used in this study was consecutive sampling. This study used an observational method with a cross-sectional design. Data were collected from 64 microbus drivers majoring the Singaraja-Denpasar/Denpasar-Singaraja route at Ubung terminal. The results showed a significant relationship between driving duration and myofascial pain syndrome with a correlation of 0.426 and a p-value of 0.000 (p <0.05). It can be concluded that there is a relationship between driving duration and the incidence of myofascial pain syndrome in the upper trapezius muscle in microbus drivers at Ubung Terminal. In the future, follow-up research can be conducted to see the long-term effects of changes in posture and driving duration, and the sample size can be increased by taking the entire population of terminals in Bali.

 

Keywords: Myofascial pain syndrome, driving duration, visual analogue scale
The Correlation Of Body Mass Index With Grip Muscle Strength In Elderly Women
Authors: Darmawijaya IP , Vigneswari Putu Rara Kumbhara , Daryono Daryono
Published: April 2022

Elderly (elderly) is closely related to problems with the musculoskeletal system. With increasing age, the elderly experience an aging process that will decrease the production of synovial fluid in the joints, decrease muscle tone and decrease muscle strength. One of the decrease in muscle strength is a decrease in hand grip muscle strength. Hand grip muscle strength can be influenced by several factors, one of which is body mass index (BMI). This study was conducted in May 2021 with the aim of knowing the relationship between body mass index and hand grip muscle strength in elderly women aged 60-67 years in Kemoning Village, Klungkung Regency, Bali. The research design used was cross sectional and obtained a sample of 12 people. Hand grip muscle strength was measured using the Hand Grip Dynamometer, while body mass index (BMI) was obtained from the calculation of body weight (kg) height (m²). The results of the study used the Pearson Product Moment correlation test with the value of Sig. (2-tailed) 0.000 and correlation closeness 0.887. This shows that there is a very strong significant correlation between BMI and hand grip muscle strength in elderly women aged 60-67 years. The hand grip muscle strength of the elderly with the thin category is smaller than the normal category.
EFFECT OF CYCLING ON CARDIOVASCULAR HEALTH ASSOCIATED WITH AGING PROCESS
Authors: Rynda Rynda , Tanaka Vidya M. Dewi , Qudsiyah Inaroh , Maharani Ni Ketut Ayu , Rachelia Demak Vera , Notoprawiro Nadia Carolina , Augusto Kenny , Wulandari Made Ayu Mirah , Juhanna Indira Vidiari
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACTCycling is a healthy exercise that can be enjoyed by people of all ages, from young children to older adults. Cycling have great attention from the health sector because of aiming to increase levels of physical activity. The main pathways between cycling and health under two perspectives generalizable evidence for health effects and specific impact modeling to quantify health impacts in concrete settings. Risks from air pollution can be assumed to be small, with limited evidence for cycling specific mechanisms. Physical activity, particularly cycling, is known to reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases, slow down aging, and help in reducing weight and even stress. Keywords: cardiovascular, aging, stress, exercise, cycling
Cultural and leisure activities as a tool for improving the system of social work with elderly citizens: successful regional practices
Authors: Sedykh Olga Gennadevna , Zimina Ekaterina Viktorovna , Osipova Nadezhda Ivanovna
Published: April 2022

The subject of the study is the organization of social work with elderly citizens through cultural and leisure activities. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that in society at present, the problem of socio-cultural development of older citizens plays a huge role in their adaptation after retirement. The solution to this problem in the social context should be sought in the cultural and leisure sphere. The successful experience of a non-profit organization in the implementation of projects for elderly citizens is considered on the example of the G. Shelekhov Charitable Foundation. The purpose of the study is to study successful practices in organizing social work with senior citizens in the direction of improving leisure activities, the introduction of these practices into the activities of a charitable organization. In the study of the research problem, general scientific methods were used, such as: analysis, synthesis, comparison. As a research method, the questionnaire survey method was taken as a basis. The comparative analysis made it possible to consider successful practices of organizing cultural and leisure activities for senior citizens of different regions of the Russian Federation. The results of the study represented the existing experience accumulated by the G. Shelekhov Charitable Foundation in the implementation of socially significant projects through the development of innovative types of socio-cultural activities on the example of a specific municipality. The practical significance of the work consists in generalizing the experience of organizing leisure activities of elderly citizens. The results of the study can be implemented in the work of social institutions, non-profit organizations in order to improve the organization of cultural and leisure activities of the elderly.
The problem of control systems for illicit trafficking of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances
Authors: Belyaev Ivan Yur'evich
Published: April 2022

The subject of the study is problematic issues of control systems for illicit trafficking of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances. The author analyzes the control systems of the Russian Federation, as well as foreign states, analyzes the relationship of the control system for illicit trafficking in narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances with the national security system of the state. Particular attention is paid to the search and justification of common features and features of control systems for illicit trafficking in narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances in existing legal systems. The author examines in detail such aspects of the topic as the classification of control systems, the principles of functioning of control systems and the extension of the tools of existing control systems to new potentially dangerous psychoactive substances. The novelty of the research lies in a comprehensive analysis of existing legal norms aimed at suppressing illicit trafficking in narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances. The author introduces the term "control system for illicit trafficking of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances", and classifies existing control systems. The main conclusions of the study are: 1) currently, there are individual, universal and mixed control systems for illicit trafficking in narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances; 2) the Russian control system is individual; 3) the universal control system is most consistent with the goals of ensuring national security. The results of the study are applicable in law-making, law enforcement and research activities.
Venture investments as a factor in the development of the Russian economy in a pandemic
Authors: Lebedev Vladimir , Avdeeva Anastasia , Mamedov Tural
Published: April 2022

The subject of the study is the role of venture investments in the development of the Russian economy during the pandemic. The object of the study is venture investments. The purpose of the study is to identify the role of venture investments in the development of the Russian economy in the context of a pandemic. The global economic crisis caused by the pandemic is forcing investors to look for new sources of financing for the long term. The methodology of the work uses logical generalization, factorial and comparative analysis, grouping method and systematic approach. To determine the role of venture investments in the development of the Russian economy in the conditions of the coronocrisis, an assessment of the current state of venture investment in the country was carried out.   The results of the study are to substantiate the importance of the development of the Russian venture capital investment market and the formation of proposals to solve problems related to the insufficient effectiveness of the implementation of venture projects. Based on the research conducted within the framework of the article, it can be concluded that venture investments had a positive impact on the economy during the pandemic, as they became a source of financing for the development of various projects, including e-commerce, which allowed many business entities to continue their activities. It is advisable to create a Venture Fund of the EAEU on the basis of RVC – the state fund of Funds, which is an institute for the development of the Russian Federation, purposefully attracts Russian and foreign investors to priority segments of the Russian economy, promotes the development of new investment instruments of the national venture market.
International presence in Ukraine in the context of the triangle "Ukraine-Turkey-Russia"
Authors: Chmyreva Vera
Published: April 2022

The subject of the study is the peculiarities of Ukraine's foreign policy development at the present stage in the context of the triangle "Ukraine-Turkey-Russia". The paper shows that Ukraine is currently a zone of growing international presence: the involvement of a wide range of participants in the region in the person of international state and non-state actors, the actual internationalization of the Ukrainian transport and logistics system and port infrastructure, strengthening state sovereignty and increasing the country's defense capability through the implementation of extensive programs of financial support from Western partners вЂ“ evidence systemic and long-term processes that directly affect the interests of the Russian Federation. The role of the Turkish factor in Ukraine is studied through the prism of Turkish-Ukrainian relations and Ukrainian Euro-Atlantic integration. The balance of Turkey's relations with Ukraine and Russia is shown. The analysis of the possibilities of Turkish mediation in de-escalation of relations between Russia-Ukraine and Russia-NATO is given. The relevance of the research topic is determined by the current tense international situation and military-political escalation in the region. The source base of the work includes normative-legislative acts, sources of normative-reporting and informational nature, journalistic sources. The scientific novelty of the article lies in the involvement of the corpus of the latest sources, the original perspective of the study and the theoretical and methodological approach. As a result of the analysis and on the basis of up-to-date factual information, the author concludes that despite Kiev's active support for the territorial integrity of Ukraine and the growth of military-technical cooperation between the countries, Turkey is not interested in the Ukrainian-Russian confrontation. Military escalation will create risks for the Turkish Republic of direct involvement in conflict relations between NATO and the Russian Federation and will deprive it of the opportunity to become an "independent center" of political influence in the region. At the same time, it is emphasized that Turkish mediation and the internationalization of the Ukrainian issue can contribute to de-escalating tensions and strengthening the foreign policy positions of the Russian Federation.
Senator E. N. Berendts on the work of the Governing Senate in the conditions of the revolutionary transformations of 1917
Authors: Shamak Slavyana Alekseevna
Published: April 2022

The subject of the study was the updated part of the theoretical and legal heritage of the outstanding Russian lawyer of the late XIX - early XX century, professor, senator of the I Department of the Governing Senate Eduard Nikolaevich Berendts (1860-1930). In this article, the main attention was paid to the memoirs of E. N. Berendts about the work of the Governing Senate in the conditions of the revolutionary transformations of 1917, about the change in the system of public administration, about the transformations in the mechanism of the state in general and the state apparatus in particular, about the abdication of Emperor Nicholas II for himself and for the heir, about the legality of coming to power The Provisional Government. When writing the article, universal, general scientific (primarily systemic, structural and functional, modeling, forecasting methods), special (primarily sociological) and private (primarily formal legal, comparative legal, reconstruction and interpretation of legal ideas) methods were used. The scientific novelty is determined by the absence of comprehensive studies in domestic and foreign legal science devoted to the theoretical legacy of E. N. Berendts. The works of E. N. Berendts, which were not translated into Russian earlier, archival materials, which are being introduced into scientific circulation for the first time, are used. For the first time in historical and legal science, the analysis of E. N. Berendts' views on the role and place of the Governing Senate of the Russian Empire in the mechanism of the state, on the problems of the revolutionary transformations of 1917 and the subsequent changes in the work and functional purpose of the Governing Senate, on the formation and activities of the Provisional Government was carried out
Beyond memory: the absence of spirit ("Perfumer" P. Suskind)
Authors: Markova Anna Sergeevna
Published: April 2022

The purpose of this article is to identify the role of collective (M. Halbwax) and cultural (Ya. Assman) of memory in the formation of the inner image of his "I" as a reflection of the perception of the "other", the spirit (der Geist), in a brilliant personality. The research material will be P. Suskind's novel "The Perfumer. The story of a murderer." To achieve the purpose of the study, it is proposed to identify the spiritual and anatomical and physical foundations of genius, correlate them with types of memory, trace the influence of collective and cultural memory (or rather, the absence of this influence) on character formation. And also to determine the role of the memory phenomenon in the structure of the work. В  The study revealed the role of collective memory as a significant architectonic element in the novel "The Perfumer. The story of a murderer." Grenouille's separation from society and from himself is connected with the hero's inability to be attached to the historical and cultural heritage. It was also revealed that society itself, losing touch with its origins, inevitably degrades. However, the novel itself, which carries a complex cultural code, gives the attentive reader a holistic perception, sounds like a parable, offers a choice. This work offers an analysis of the nature of genius as a phenomenon inextricably linked with memory. This approach allows not only to discover the reasons for the disunity of the main character of the novel with society, but also to penetrate deeper into the structure of the work itself. The appeal to collective memory makes it possible to understand the significance of direct and indirect references to other works of art as attempts at dialogue with cultures and epochs. This concept can be used for further research.