bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Education on Clinical Practice Guidelines with Shared Decision Making: A Randomized Controlled trial
Authors: Fujimoto Shuhei , Ogawa Tatsuya , Komukai Kanako , Nakayama Takeo
Published: August 2020

Background: To investigate the influence of the evidence-practice gap on physiotherapists and occupational therapists through shared decision making (SDM) education using clinical practice guidelines (CPGs).Methods: The study design was a multicenter, blocked, randomized control trial. Participants included 126 therapists with 42 continuous samplings from the three institutions. Inclusion criteria were being a permanent employee from the institutions. Exclusion criteria were participants with disorders that may cause intervention (visual, auditory, attentional disorder). An allocator assigned masked the participation’s attribution until the allocation was completed. The evaluator and analyzer were masked. For the intervention group, workshop on SDM using the CPGs were conducted. The control group was lecture on the knowledge of CPGs (CPG group) and lecture on the knowledge of SDM (SDM group). The primary outcomes were education, attitudes and beliefs, and interest and perceived role in evidence-based practice (EPIC scale). The secondary outcome was the Evidence based practice (EBP) knowledge. To review the intervention effect of the education on SDM using CPGs, two-factor variance analysis (mixed model) was adopted to conduct Holm’s method in comparison to a post-hoc test.Results: Participants randomized and analysed in each group were 42. The EPIC scale showed significant difference between CPGs with SDM group and the CPG group (CPG with SDM group (mean ± standard deviation, pre/post）：2.4±0.9/4.4±1.7; CPG group：3.0±1.5/3.5±2.0; SDM group ：2.6±1.2/ 3.3±1.8）. The question item on EBP “I learned the foundations for EBP as part of my academic preparation” had significant differences between CPGs with SDM group and CPGs group（CPG with SDM group：1.8±0.8/2.2±1.0; CPG group：2.3±1.1/ 2.0±1.0）.Conclusions: EBP education on the SDM using CPGs increased confidence in using EBP for physiotherapists and occupational therapists.
Integrative analysis of AGR2 based on data mining reveals new insights in breast cancer
Authors: Zhou Xin , Zhang Fangyuan , Liu Yan , Wei Dongxin
Published: August 2020

Background: Belonging to the protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) family, anterior gradient 2 (AGR2) is overexpressed in mucus-secreting cells and endocrine organs such as breast, lung, and ovarian, but its exact function and regulation remain unclear. We aimed to perform integrative analysis of AGR2 in breast cancer.Methods: In our study, a serious of bioinformatic online databases were used to analyze the expression, regulation, prognostic value, and function of AGR2 in breast cancer.Results: The results suggested that AGR2 mRNA was overexpressed in non-basal-like or non-triple-negative breast cancer, but underexpressed in basal-like/ triple-negative breast cancer. AGR2 mRNA expression was correlated with its protein expression. Moreover, the expression of AGR2 was lower in more malignant breast cancer. Furthermore, we also found that DNA methylation, rather than copy number variation, led to AGR2 mRNA overexpression. Prognosis analysis showed no significant correlation between AGR2 level and survival, but in subtype investigation, patients with higher AGR2 level had a significantly better outcome in patients with basal-like / triple-negative breast cancer. Enrichment analysis for co-expression genes of AGR2 revealed that gene sets enriched for chromosome segregation, DNA conformation change, chromosomal region, and GABA receptor activity may play important roles in breast cancer, and that the most significant pathway was “ribosome biogenesis in eukaryotes”, in which negative co-expression genes of AGR2 were enriched.Conclusions: Overexpression of AGR2 was found in less malignant breast cancer, for the first time, our results propose that DNA methylation rather than copy number variation leads to AGR2 overexpression, which can predict favorable prognosis in basal-like/ triple-negative breast cancer, and AGR2 could be a possible regulator of ribosome biogenesis in patients with breast cancer.
Ciphertext-Policy Attribute-based Encryption with Hidden Sensitive Policy for Recruitment in Smart City
Authors: Meng Fei , Cheng Leixiao , Wang Mingqiang
Published: August 2020

Smart city, as a promising technical tendency, greatly facilitates citizens and generates innumerable data, some of which is very private and sensitive. To protect data from unauthorized users, ciphertext-policy attribute-based encryption (CP-ABE) enables data owner to specify an access policy on encrypted data. However, There are two drawbacks in traditional CP-ABE schemes. On the one hand, the access policy is revealed in the ciphertext so that sensitive information contained in the policy is exposed to anyone who obtains the ciphertext. For example, both the plaintext and access policy of an encrypted recruitment may reveal the company's future development plan. On the other hand, the decryption time scales linearly with the complexity of the access, which makes it unsuitable for resource-limited end users. In this paper, we propose a CP-ABE scheme with hidden sensitive policy for recruitment in smart city. Specifically, we introduce a new security model chosen sensitive policy security: two access policies embedded in the ciphertext, one is public and the other is sensitive and fully hidden, only if user's attributes satisfy the public policy, it's possible for him/her to learn about the hidden policy, otherwise he/she cannot get any information (attribute name and its values) of it. When the user satisfies both access policies, he/she can obtain and decrypt the ciphertext. Compared with other CP-ABE schemes, our scheme supports a more expressive access policy, since the access policy of their schemes only work on the ``AND-gate'' structure. In addition, intelligent devices spread all over the smart city, so partial computational overhead of encryption of our scheme can be outsourced to these devices as fog nodes, while most part overhead in the decryption process is outsourced to the cloud. Therefore, our scheme is more applicable to end users with resource-constrained mobile devices. We prove our scheme to be selective secure under the decisional bilinear Diffie-Hellman (DBDH) assumption.
Underweight and low waist circumference prior to percutaneous coronary intervention increase the risk for end-stage renal disease: A Nationwide Population Based-cohort Study
Authors: Bae Eun Hui , Lim Sang Yeob , Oh Tae Ryom , Choi Hong Sang , Kim Chang Seong , Ma Seong Kwon , Kim Bongseong , Han Kyung-Do , Kim Soo Wan
Published: August 2020

Background

The effect of obesity prior to percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) on the development of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is not clear.
Methods

Using nationally representative data from the Korean National Health Insurance System, we enrolled 140,164 subjects without renal disease at enrolment who underwent PCI between 2010 and 2015, and were followed-up until 2017. Patients were stratified into five levels based on their baseline body mass index (BMI) and six levels based on their waist circumference (WC; 5-cm increments). BMI and WC were measured at least 2 years prior to PCI. The primary outcome was the development of ESRD.
Results

During a median follow-up of 5.4 years, 2,082 (1.49%) participants developed ESRD. The underweight group (HR 1.331, 95%CI: 0.955–1.856) and low WC (< 80/<75) (HR 1.589, 95%CI: 1.379–1.831) showed the highest ESRD risk and the BMI 25 ~ 30 group showed the lowest ESRD risk (HR 0.604, 95%CI: 0542-0.673) in all participants after adjusting for all covariates. In the subgroup analysis for diabetes mellitus (DM), BMI showed a U-shape relationship with ESRD risk at a baseline of 28.8 for BMI in the none-DM group and a reverse linear relationship in the DM group. However, low WC prior to PCI was risk factor in only DM group.
Conclusions

Underweight and low WC prior to PCI, which showed the increased ESRD risk in patients undergoing PCI, especially in those with DM.
Trial Registration:
Retrospectively registered
Brachial Plexus Anatomy of Miniature Swine Compared to Human
Authors: Hanna Amgad S , Hellenbrand Daniel , Schomberg Dominic , Salamat Shahriar M , Loh Megan , Wheeler Lea , Hanna Barbara , Ozaydin Burak , Shanmuganayagam Dhanansayan
Published: August 2020

Background: Brachial plexus injury (BPI) occurs when the brachial plexus is compressed, stretched, or avulsed. Although rodents are commonly used to study BPI, these models poorly mimic human BPI due to the discrepancy in size. The objective of this study was to compare the brachial plexus between human and Wisconsin Miniature SwineTM (WMSTM), which are approximately the weight of an average human (68–91 kg), to determine if swine would be a suitable model for studying BPI mechanisms and treatments. Methods: To analyze the gross anatomy, WMS brachial plexi were dissected both anteriorly and posteriorly. For histological analysis, sections from various nerves of human and WMS brachial plexi were fixed in 2.5% glutaraldehyde and then myelinated axons were labeled using 2% osmium tetroxide before being counter-stained with Masson’s Trichrome. Results: Gross anatomy revealed that the separation into 3 trunks and 3 cords is significantly less developed in the swine than in human. In swine, it takes the form of upper, middle, and lower systems with ventral and dorsal components. Histological results showed that despite the similarity in body size between the miniature swine model and humans, there was some discrepancy in nerve size and the number of the myelinated axons. The WMS had significantly fewer myelinated axons than humans in median (p = 0.0009), ulnar (p = 0.0001), and musculocutaneous nerves (p = 0.0451). The higher number of myelinated axons in these nerves for humans is expected, because there is a high demand of fine motor function in the human hand, with more motor units. Due to the stronger shoulder girdle muscles in WMS, the WMS suprascapular nerves were larger than in human. Conclusion: Overall, the WMS brachial plexus is similar in size and origin to human making them an excellent model to study BPI. Future studies analyzing the effects of BPI in WMS should be conducted.
CatBoost for Big Data: an Interdisciplinary Review
Authors: Hancock John , Khoshgoftaar Taghi M
Published: August 2020

Gradient Boosted Decision Trees (GBDT's) are a powerful tool for classification and regression tasks in Big Data, Researchers should be familiar with the strengths and weaknesses of current implementations of GBDT's in order to use them effectively and make successful contributions. CatBoost is a member of the family of GBDT machine learning ensemble techniques. Since its debut in late 2018, researchers have ellCcessfully used CatBoost for machine learning studies involving Big Data. We take this opportunity to review recent research on CatBoost as it relates to Big Data, and learn best practices from studies that .55 CatBoost in a positive light, as well as studies where CatBoost does not outshine other techniques, since we can learn lessons from both types of scenarios. Furthermore, as a Decision Tree based algorithm, CatBoost is well-suited to machine learning tasks involving categorical, heterogeneous data. Recent work across multiple disciplines illustrates CatBoost's effectiveness and shortcomings in classification and regression tasks. Another important issue we expose in literature on CatBoost is its sensitivity to hyper-parameters and the importance of hyper-parameter tuning. One contribution we make is to take an interdisciplinary approach to cover studies related to CatBoost in a single work. This provides researchers an in-depth understanding to help clarify proper application of CatBoost in solving problems. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first survey that studies all works related to CatBoost in a single publication.
Long-term oncologic outcomes of laparoscopic low anterior resection of rectal cancer with preservation of the left colic artery
Authors: Luo Yuwen , Li Rongjiang , Wu Deqing , Zeng Jun , Wang Junjiang , Chen Xianzhe , Huang Chengzhi , Li Yong , Yao Xueqing
Published: August 2020

Aim
To analyze the effect of preserving the left colic artery (LCA) on long-term oncologic outcomes during laparoscopic low anterior resection of rectal cancer.
Methods
Clinicopathological and follow-up patients undergoing laparoscopic low anterior resection of rectal cancer in general surgery department of Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital from January 2014 to December 2015 were retrospectively collected. According to the difference surgical methods of inferior mesenteric artery (IMA), 159 cases were divided into the LCA preservation group and 225 cases in the LCA non-preservation group. The 5-year rates of overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were compared between two group.
Results
384 patients were included in final analysis. Anastomotic leakage occurred in 7 patients (4.4%) in the LCA preservation group and in 16 patients (7.1%) in the LCA non-preservation group. The follow-up rate was 91.2% (145/159) during 5–60 months in LCA preservation group, and 89.8% (202/225) during 5–60 months in the LCA non-preservation group. The number of patients who developed death, local recurrence and metastasis were 59 (37.1%), 13 (8.2%) and 60 (37.7%) in the LCA preservation group, and 86 (38.2%), 20 (8.9%) and 92 (40.9%) in the LCA non-preservation group, without significant differences (all P ༞ 0.05). The 5-year OS and DFS rates were 69.0% and 59.3% in the LCA preservation group, and 68.8% and 55.9% in the LCA non-preservation group, without significant differences (all P ༞ 0.05). After stratification by TNM Stage, the difference on 5-year OS rates and DFS rates of I stage, II stage and III stage in two groups were no significant as well (all P ༞ 0.05).
Conclusions
The long-term oncologic outcomes of laparoscopic low anterior resection of rectal cancer with preservation of the LCA are comparable with ligation at origin of IMA.
A transcription factor signature predicts prognosis of patients with adrenocortical carcinoma
Authors: Zhao Jianyu , Liu Bo , Li Xiaoping
Published: August 2020

Background

Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare endocrine cancer that manifests as abdominal masses and excessive steroid hormone levels. Transcription factors (TFs) deregulation is found to be involved in adrenocortical tumorigenesis and cancer progression. This study aimed to construct a TF-based prognostic signature for prediction of survival of ACC patients.
Methods

The gene expression profile for ACC patients were downloaded from TCGA and GEO datasets. The univariate Cox analysis was applied to identify survival-related TFs and the LASSO Cox regression was conducted to construct the TF signature. The multivariate analysis was used to reveal the independent prognostic factors.
Results

We identified a 13-TF prognostic signature comprised of CREB3L3, NR0B1, CENPA, FOXM1, E2F2, MYBL2, HOXC11, ZIC2, ZNF282, DNMT1, TCF3, ELK4, and KLF6. The risk score based on the TF-signature could classify patients into low- and high-risk group. Kaplan-Meier analyses showed that patients in the high-risk group had significantly shorter overall survival compared to the low-risk patients. ROC curves showed that the prognostic signature predicted the overall survival of ACC patients with good sensitivity and specificity. Furthermore, the TF-risk score was an independent prognostic factor.
Conclusions

Taken together, we identified a 13-TF prognostic marker to predict overall survival in ACC patients.
Contrast-enhanced Ultrasound Imaging Can be Used to Evaluate Fetal Cerebral Perfusion: Potential Implications for Fetal Surgery
Authors: Lawrence Kendall M , Coons Barbara E , Sridha Anush , Rossidis Avery C , Davey Marcus G , Flake Alan W , Didier Ryne A
Published: August 2020

Background: Fetal surgery is increasingly performed to correct congenital defects. Currently, fetal brain perfusion cannot be assessed intra-operatively. The purpose of this study was to determine if contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) could be used to monitor fetal cerebral perfusion during fetal surgery and if parameters correlate with fetal hemodynamics or acid/base status. Methods: Cannulated fetal sheep were insufflated with carbon dioxide gas in an extra-uterine support device and in utero to mimic fetal surgery. Fetal heart rate, mean arterial pressure, and arterial blood gases were serially measured. CEUS examinations of the brain were performed and time-dependent metrics were quantified to evaluate perfusion. The relationships between measured parameters were determined with mixed linear effects models or two-way repeated measures analysis of variance. Results: 6 fetal sheep (113 ± 5 days) insufflated at multiple time-points (n=20 experiments) in an extra-uterine support device demonstrated significant correlations between time-dependent perfusion parameters and fetal pH and carbon dioxide levels. In utero, 4 insufflated fetuses (105 ± 1 days) developed hypercarbic acidosis and had reductions in cerebral perfusion parameters compared to age-matched controls (n=3). There was no significant relationship between cerebral perfusion parameters and fetal hemodynamics. Conclusions: CEUS-derived cerebral perfusion parameters can be measured during simulated fetal surgery and strongly correlate with fetal acid/base status.
Cross-talk between ANGPTL4 gene SNP rs1044250 and weight management is a risk factor of Mets
Authors: Tong Zhoujie , Peng Jie , Lan Hongtao , Sai Wenwen , Li Yulin , Xie Jiaying , Tan Yanming , Zhang Wei , Zhong Ming , Wang Zhihao
Published: August 2020

Background

The prevalence of metabolic syndrome (Mets) is closely related to the increased incidence of cardiovascular events. Angiopoietin-like protein 4 (ANGPTL4) is contributory to the regulation of lipid metabolism, herein, may provide a target for gene-aimed therapy of Mets. This case-control study was designed to elucidate the relationship between Angiopoietin-like protein 4 (ANGPTL4) gene single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs1044250 and the onset of Mets, and to explore the effect of interaction between SNP rs1044250 and weight management on Mets.
Methods

We have recruited 1018 Mets cases and 1029 controls in this study. The SNP rs1044250 was detected, base-line information and Mets-related indicators were collected. A 5-year follow-up survey was carried out to track the lifestyle changes, drug treatments and changes in Mets-related indicators.
Results

ANGPTL4 gene SNP rs1044250 is an independent risk factor for increased waist circumference (OR 1.618, 95% CI [1.119–2.340]; p = 0.011) and elevated blood pressure (OR 1.323, 95% CI [1.002–1.747]; p = 0.048), the prevalence of Mets (OR 1.875, 95% CI [1.363–2.580]; p < 0.001) is increased. The follow-up survey shows that rs1044250 CC genotype patients with weight gain have an increased number of Mets components (M [Q1, Q3]: CC 1 (0, 1), CT + TT 0 [-1, 1]; p = 0.021); The interaction between SNP rs1044250 and weight management is a risk factor for increased SBP (β = 0.075, p < 0.001) and increased DBP (β = 0.097, p < 0.001), the synergistic effect is negative (S < 1).
Conclusion

ANGPTL4 gene SNP rs1044250 is an independent risk factor for increased waist circumference and elevated blood pressure, therefore, for Mets. Weight management that interacts negatively with ANGPTL4 polymorphism is an essential lifestyle intervention approach for elevated blood pressure.
The relationship between antenatal food insecurity, fetal and postnatal growth: findings from the South African National Income Dynamics Study
Authors: Harper Abigail Joan , Rothberg Alan , Chirwa Esnat , Sambu Winnie , Mall Sumaya
Published: August 2020

Background

Food insecurity during pregnancy has been associated with adverse child health outcomes including low birthweight and stunting. There are few studies that have examined the relationships between food insecurity and child health outcomes in low and middle income countries. This study aims to fill the gap by examining the relationship between food insecurity, low birthweight and stunting in children using a longitudinal sample of South African women and their children.
Methods

The primary exposure is a multidimensional, composite measure of household food insecurity that comprises three dimensions and six indicators. The primary outcome is a dichotomous measure of child LBW (≤ 2500 g) The secondary outcome is childhood stunting (height for age ≤2SD of the median) and severe stunting (height for age ≤3SD of the median) in the first five years of life. We used both unadjusted and adjusted regression models. Source data for the analysis came from the population-based, longitudinal data collected for wave one and three of the National Income Dynamics Study (2008 and 2012).
Results

Birthweight data were available for 1381 children and stunting data were available for 1444 children. The prevalence of LBW in the sample was 13.64%. The prevalence of stunting and severe stunting was 16.46% and 11.87%. The composite measure was not associated with low birthweight but was associated with underweight maternal BMI, a risk factor for low birthweight. Household dietary diversity, food expenditure below the Stats SA poverty line and the composite measure was associated with stunting and severe stunting in bivariate analyses. The measure was associated with severe stunting in the final model.
Conclusions

The finding that household food insecurity is associated with severe stunting for children in the first five years of life highlights the importance of adequate food and nutrition for vulnerable children in South Africa. Future studies can elucidate the relationship between antenatal food insecurity, low birthweight and other child outcomes. Policy interventions that focus on early childhood growth through alleviating food insecurity and addressing other drivers of malnutrition such as improving maternal education and dietary diversity can break the cycle of poor growth outcomes.
Birth Preparedness and Complication Readiness Practice and Associated factors among Women Attending Antenatal care Follow up in Yirgalem General Hospital, Sidama Zone, Southern Ethiopia, 2019
Authors: Gesese Molalegn Mesele , Tirfe Walellign Anmut
Published: August 2020

Background: Birth preparedness and complication readiness is an approach that inspires pregnant women, their families and individuals to successfully design strategy for childbirths and deal with emergencies. In developing countries, world health organization estimates that more than 300 million women suffer from short-term and long-term complications related to pregnancy and child birth. In Ethiopia only 32% women have birth preparedness. The aim of this study is to assess practice and Associated factors of birth preparedness and complication readiness among Women Yirgalem General Hospital, Sidama Zone, Southern Ethiopia, 2019Methods: Facility based cross-sectional study was conducted from September 1st to 30th, 2019. A total of 422 pregnant women were randomly selected and interviewed by using pretested structured questionnaire. Data was entered by Epi-data version 3.1 and the analysis was done by SPSS version 21. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify factors associated with birth preparedness and complication readiness.Result: From 422 study participants, 356(48.6%) (95% CI: 46.9%, 49.8%) have birth preparedness and complication readiness practice. Age of respondent ≥ 37 years (AOR =4.2, 95% C.I =1.23, 14.24) and between 25 to 30 (AOR=2.35, 95% C.I =1.1, 5.1); level of education College and above(AOR=5.59, 95% C.I 2.8, 11.2)and secondary school (AOR=9.5, 95% C.I 3.99-22); previous history of ANC follow up (AOR=4.33, 95% C.I = 2.46, 7.61) and history of birth at health facility (AOR=3.09, 95% C.I= 1.72, 5.56) where factors associated with birth preparedness and complication readiness practice. Conclusion: Relatively higher birth preparedness and complication readiness practice was observed in this study when compared with previous studies. Health extension workers and health care provider should encouraged women to actively utilize the health services and the governments with other stakeholders should works on antenatal care and institutional delivery by focusing on women those has no formal education.
Reclassification of Chromobacterium Violaceum ATCC 31532 and its Quorum Biosensor Mutant CV026 to Chromobacterium Subtsugae
Authors: Harrison Alisha , Soby Scott
Published: August 2020

The precipitous drop in the cost of genomic sequencing and the concomitant availability of computational methods for comparing genome-level data has made the accurate taxonomic placement of bacteria affordable and relatively rapid. Inaccurate taxonomic placement of bacteria has serious implications in clinical, environmental, and regulatory microbiology, but it can also adversely affect interpretation of research results. The quorum biosensor strain CV026 was derived from an isolate of Chromobacterium that was labeled as C. violaceum ATCC 31532, and is catalogued by the ATCC under that species. Nearly 200 papers have been published that use CV026 as an indicator for quorum sensing activity in many Gram negative bacteria, but the inability of C. violaceum strains to complement the quorum sensing mutation in CV026 has called the taxonomic placement of the parent strain into question. We used molecular phylogeny and a large number of metabolic and phenotypic characters to demonstrate that Chromobacterium strain ATCC 31532 is a member of species Chromobacterium subtsugae.
Locally Activated Mitophagy Contributes to a “built-in” Protection Against Early Burn-wound Progression in Rats Following a Regulation of HIF-1α
Authors: Guo Songxue , Fang Quan , Chen Leilei , Yu Meirong , Chen Yike , Li Nan , Han Chunmao , Hu Xueqing
Published: August 2020

Background: Deep burn wounds undergo a dynamic progression in the initial or periburn area after insults. The zone of stasis has a higher risk of deterioration and is considered a salvageable target for burn-wound progression. Few studies have explored the role of mitochondrial damage in this process and potential “built-in” self-defense within the human body.Methods: A classic “comb” scald rat model was established in this study. Histological and blood-flow observation were processed based on hematoxylin-eosin staining and laser analysis. Oxidative and apoptotic status were analyzed by commercial kits. Transmission electron microscope, immunofluorescence staining, and western blot were applied to detect the mitophagy happened in the zone of stasis and potential regulators. Adenovirus-based gene-silence contributed to determine the role of HIF-1 as a regulatory mediator. Results: We found that burn insults caused typical ischemia and histological deterioration in the zone of stasis, in parallel with increases in oxidative stress and apoptosis. Mitochondrial damage was also involved in the aforementioned changes. Furthermore, we detected typical mitophagy in burn wounds, which was contradictory to the burn-wound conversion. HIF-1 expression was closely related to the level of mitophagy, while BNIP3 and PARKIN are involved downstream. Conclusion: We demonstrate that burn-induced mitochondrial impairment contributes to the mobilization of injurious mechanisms in the zone of stasis and that mitophagy provides a more beneficial way to protect against burn-wound progression via the elimination of damaged mitochondria. Our findings offer insights into mitochondrial quality control in burn-wound progression and suggest the novel concept that HIF-1 may be a potential therapeutic target due to its possible regulatory effects upstream of BNIP3- or PARKIN-mediated mitophagy.
Clinic Correlation and Prognostic Value of P4HB and GRP78 Expression in Gastric Cancer
Authors: Zhang Chenfei , Zhao Wenjing , Zhang Xingsong , Wu Tongyu , Zhang Xunlei , Song Li , Xu Weiwei , Chen Xudong , Yang Lei
Published: August 2020

Background: Prolyl 4-hydroxylase, beta polypeptide (P4HB) and Glucose‑regulated protein 78 (GRP78) represent for poor prognosis of various cancers, while rare research investigate correlation of them. This study aimed to explore the correlation and prognostic value of P4HB and GRP78 expression combined with clinical features in gastric cancer (GC).Methods: 150 GC tissue samples evaluated P4HB and GRP78 protein expression by immunohistochemistry separately. Association of the expression with clinicopathological features was analyzed. To explore correlation between their mRNAs and pathways, bioinformatics analyses were performed. Kaplan-Meier analyses were taken to compare survival curves. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression models were used to analyze potential prognostic factors of overall survival (OS). Basing on the multivariate Cox regression model, a prognostic nomogram was constructed, discrimination ability and clinical usefulness of which were compared to TNM stageResults: P4HB and GRP78 expression were both associated with tumor invasion and lymph node metastasis. P4HB protein positive correlated with GRP78, as the same tendency of mRNAs in both GC tissue and cell databases. Bioinformatics analyses indicated that P4HB and GRP78 may be associated with protein folding and response to ER stress, as well as with the protein processing in ER pathway. High single expression or co-expression of P4HB and GRP78 indicated a shorter OS. When stratified by postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy, high co-expression was only represented for unfavorable prognosis in the group with chemotherapy, especially in advanced stage. Multivariate Cox regression analysis identified differentiation (P = 0.020, HR = 1.846, 95% CI: 1.099-3.101), TNM stage (P < 0.001, HR = 3.124, 95% CI: 1.870-5.217), postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy (P = 0.005, HR = 0.507, 95% CI: 0.317-0.810) and P4HB and GRP78 co-expression (P = 0.002, HR = 2.304, 95% CI: 1.355-3.915) were independent prognostic factors for OS. The nomogram was better than TNM stage in discrimination ability and clinical usefulness from the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and decision curve analysis (DCA) curves.Conclusion: P4HB may positive correlate with GRP78 expression in GC. Co-expression of them can be an independent prognostic factor, serving as a predictive biomarker for GC patients, especially for advanced stage with postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy. And the nomogram may be better than TNM stage in discrimination ability and clinical usefulness.
Comparison of Shiraz Trauma Transfusion Score (STTS) Potency With Common Scoring Systems for Trauma in Predicting the Short and Long Term Mortality of Injured Patients
Authors: Rahbari Sepideh Vosooghi , Hosseinpour Hamidreza , Karoobi Mohamadreza , Abolghasemi Hojat , Shahabinezhad Ali , Paydar Shahram
Published: August 2020

background: Trauma is the leading cause of death in people under 40 years of age worldwide. Various studies have been conducted focused on reducing the annual mortality rate due to trauma. One of the most important measures is reducing the time between the incident and the treatment set up, therefore estimation of the severity of trauma and progressing to mortality before further evaluation is justified. Numerous trauma scoring systems have been apllied worldwide as models for predicting mortality of trauma patients in short and long term periods based on clinical and laboratory data. In this study we aim to compare different trauma scoring systems (such as GAP, MGAP, RTS, TRISS) with a relatively new model – Shiraz Trauma Transfusion Score (STTS) – and to discribe the best qualities of these scoring systems for trauma patients in short (less than 24 hours) and long (more than 24 hours) term.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, data from hospitalized trauma patients in Rajaei hospital (center B) of Shiraz, Iran from May to November 2016 were collected and analyzed. Collected data consisted of age, sex, hospital admission duration, mechanism of trauma along with clinical data for calculating different trauma scoring systems, were recorded. Results: while RTS and STTS were the best predictors of mortality in trauma patients in the first 24 hours (sensitivity of 100.00%), GAP and MGAP were the best predictors of the patients’ survival (specificity of 93.83% and 92.59%). GAP and ISS were the best predictors of mortality in trauma patients for more than 24 hours (sensitivity of 82.02%). On the other hand, TRIS and RTS was the best predictors of patients' survival (specificity of 82.59% and 80.26%).Conclusion: Our study findings suggest that the utility and applicability of Shiraz Trauma Transfusion Score(STTS) in predicting mortality is not only comparable with other commonly used scoring methods but it may be of more value in short term mortality prediction.
Prognostic signature of ovarian cancer based on 14 tumor microenvironment genes
Authors: Nie Xiazi , Song Lina , Li Xiaohua , Wang Yirong , Qu Bo
Published: August 2020

Background

Ovarian cancer is one of the lethal gynecological in women. Tumor microenvironment (TME) is emerging as a pivotal biomarker for patients’ therapeutic sensitivity and prognosis. In this study, we proposed to explore the prognostic role of TME-related genes in ovarian cancer.
Methods

The data of whole genome expression profiles and detailed clinicopathological information of three cohorts of ovarian cancer patients from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Univariate Cox regression analysis was used to screen TME-related genes with significantly prognostic value based on TCGA cohort. LASSO Cox regression analysis was adapted to the construction of prognostic model. Ovarian cancer cohorts from GEO were used as validation set for verifying the reliability of the prognostic model. Relative infiltrating proportion of 22 immune cells were estimated through CIBERSORT software.
Results

This study identified a total of 14 TME-related genes that finally incorporated into the prognostic model. The risk score that calculated through the prognostic model was proved as an independent prognostic signature in ovarian cancer. Nomogram that contains TNM stage and risk score could reliably predict the long-term overall survival probability. Additionally, risk score was significantly associated with the relative infiltrating proportion of several immune cells in ovarian cancer and mRNA levels of some immune checkpoint genes.
Conclusions

This study constructed a prognostic model for ovarian cancer, which was closely associated with the prognosis and immune status. This should provide novel clue for prognosis study in ovarian cancer.
Impact of Superselective Intra-Arterial and Systemic Chemoradiotherapy for Gingival Carcinoma; Analysis of Treatment Outcomes and Prognostic Factors
Authors: Mukai Yuki , Hayashi Yuichiro , Koike Izumi , Koizumi Toshiyuki , Sugiura Madoka , Oguri Senri , Takano Shoko , Kioi Mitomu , Sato Mizuki , Mitsudo Kenji , Hata Masaharu
Published: August 2020

Background: We compared outcomes and toxicity between radiation therapy (RT) with concurrent retrograde super-selective intra-arterial chemotherapy (IACRT) and RT with concurrent systemic chemoradiotherapy (SCRT), for gingival carcinoma (GC).　Methods: We included 84 consecutive patients who were treated for GC ≥ stage III, from 2006 to 2018, in this retrospective analysis (IACRT group: n=66; SCRT group: n=18).Results: Median follow-up time was 24 (range: 1–124) months. The median prescribed dose was 60 (6–70.2) Gy (IACRT group: 60 Gy; SCRT group:69 Gy). At 3 years, the two groups significantly differed in overall survival (OS; IACRT: 78.75%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 66.00–87.62; SCRT: 50.37%, 95% CI: 27.58–73.0; P = 0.039), progression-free survival (PFS; IACRT: 75.64%, 95% CI: 62.69–85.17; SCRT: 41.96%, 95% CI: 17.65–70.90; P = 0.028) and local control (LC; IACRT: 77.17%, 95% CI: 64.23–86.41; SCRT: 41.96%, 95% CI: 17.65–70.90; P = 0.015). In univariate analysis, age ≥ 65, decreased performance status (PS) and SCRT were significantly associated with worse outcomes (P < 0.05). In multivariate analysis, age ≥ 65 years, clinical stage IV, and SCRT were significantly correlated with poor OS (P < 0.05). Patients with poorer PS had significantly worse PFS.Conclusions: This is the first report to compare outcomes from IACRT and SCRT among patients with GC. IACRT is an effective and organ-preserving treatment for GC.Trial registration: retrospectively registered
Dorsal tongue versus ventrolateral tongue leukoplakia: An anatomical perspective on clinicopathological characteristics and treatment outcomes
Authors: Yang Shih-Wei , Lee Yun-Shien , Chang Liang-Che , Yang Cheng-Han , Luo Cheng-Ming
Published: August 2020

Background

Among the risks of malignant transformation of oral leukoplakia, tongue has been identified as a high-risk site. Only little information exists on the clinicopathological characteristics and treatment outcomes specific to leukoplakia of the dorsum of the tongue. The comparison of clinicopathological characteristics of the dorsal tongue and ventrolateral tongue leukoplakia is not available in the literature. The purpose of this study is to investigate the clinicopathological characteristics and treatment outcomes between dorsal and ventrolateral tongue leukoplakia.
Methods

The demographic data and pathological results of the patients who received carbon dioxide laser surgery for tongue leukoplakia from 2002 to 2019 were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed statistically.
Results

Of 144 enrolled, there were 108 males and 36 females with a mean age 52.17 ± 11.72. The follow-up time was 4.58 ± 4.53 years. Thirty patients had postoperative recurrence (20.83%). Twelve patients developed malignant transformation (8.33%). Annual transformation rate was 2.28%. In comparison of dorsal and ventrolateral tongue leukoplakia, there were no differences in the time to the development of carcinoma (2.62 ± 1.69 VS 3.98 ± 2.77 years), overall cumulative malignant transformation rates (7.50% VS 7.69%), and annual transformation rates (2.86% VS 1.93%). The prevalence of ventrolateral tongue leukoplakia is higher than the dorsal tongue leukoplakia (P < 0.001)
Conclusions

Dorsal tongue leukoplakia is not as frequently encountered clinically as ventrolateral tongue leukoplakia. The response to laser therapy of dorsal tongue and ventrolateral tongue leukoplakia are comparable in postoperative recurrence and postoperative malignant transformation.
Development and validation of a novel five-gene-based RNA binding protein associated prognostic model for human colon cancer
Authors: Liu Haoling , Bai Qingquan , Lu Zhaoyang , Song Xuan , Jin Ye , Liu Yao , Meng Fanzheng , Guo Hongrui , Pei Tiemin , Liang Shuhang , Song Ruipeng , Liang Yingjian , Wang Jiabei , Yin Dalong , Qu Zhibo , Guo Huaxin , Jiang Hongchi , Yang Haiyan
Published: August 2020

BackgroundDysregulation of RNA binding protein (RBP) expression has been reported in various malignant tumors, and it is related to the occurrence and development of cancer. However, the role of RBPs in colon cancer remains unclear.MethodsWe downloaded the RNA sequencing data of colon cancer from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, and determined the differently expressed RBPs between normal and cancer tissues. Then, through a series of bioinformatics analysis, we systematically studied the expression and prognostic value of these RBPs.ResultA total of 490 different expression differently expressed RBPs were identified, including 323 up-regulated and 167 down. regulated RBPs. Five RBPs (PNLDC1, NSUN6, NOL3, PPARGC1A, LRRFIP2) were identified as prognosis related genes for the construction of prognostic model. Further analysis showed that the overall survival rate (OS) of patients in the high-risk subgroup was worse than that in the low-risk subgroup based on this model. The area under the characteristic curve of time-dependent receiver was 0.691 in TCGA and 0.624 in GEO, which confirmed the prognostic model to be a good one. We also established a nominal map based on the internal validation in 5 RBPs mRNAs and TCGA sequeues, showing a good ability to differentiate colon cancer.ConclusionsWe screened RBPs expression differences between colon cancer and adjacent non tumor colon tissues using the TCGA database to identify potential gene biomarkers.Besides,a very effective prediction model was constructed and tested based on the differential expression of RBPs using the TCGA and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database.We also Validated of the relationship between the expression of five RBPs and prognosis
The Physiological Condition of Host Affects more Significantly Gut Microbiome than Diet
Authors: Chung Hea-Jong , Lkhagva Enkhchimeg , Hong Seong-Tshool
Published: August 2020

Background: The gut microbiome, which is composed of trillions of microbes, plays a fundamental role in human health and disease. Each individual has a unique profile of gut microbiome which plays specific functions in its host. Although multiple factors might affect the diversity of gut microbiome, physiological condition and diet are considered as main determining factors for gut microbiome diversity.Results: We performed a comparative study to elucidate which one between physiological condition and diet affects more significantly gut microbiome diversity by comparing the effect of a vegetarian diet and a light physical exercise. Although both Physical exercise and vegetarian diet affected significantly the composition of gut microbiome, the patterns of affection were different. The physical exercise increased the populations of Firmicutes and Actinobacteria, whereas the vegetarian diet increased the populations of Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria. Flourishing of Megamonas funiformis was most notable by the physical exercise while flourishing Prevotella and decreasing Bacteroides was most notable by the vegetarian diet. Maximum-likelihood phylogenetic tree analysis comprising all of the taxa, the taxonomic α-diversity measurement by ACE richness, Shannon and Simpson, and HCL heatmap analysis at Genus level showed that the physical exercise affected the microbial community more significantly than diet shift, and the diversities of gut microbiome were slightly decreased in both cases. Both NMDS heatmap and Fast UniFrac analysis further confirmed that physical exercise affected the composition of gut microbiome more significantly than vegetarian diet. The NMDS plots based on Bray-Curtis distances validated that the original composition of gut microbiome became diverged into a different direction by either physical exercise or vegetarian diet. Conclusion: The physiological condition of host contributes more significantly to the composition of gut microbiome than diet, which means that the composition of gut microbiome is more significantly affected by a host factor than diet. This work also would provide a new theoretical basis why physical exercises is more health-beneficial than vegetarian diets.
DLDTI: A Learning-based Framework for Drug-target Interaction Identification Using Neural Networks and Network Representation
Authors: Zhao Yihan , Zheng Kai , Guan Baoyi , Guo Mengmeng , Song Lei , Gao Jie , Qu Hua , Wang Yuhui , Shi Dazhuo , Zhang Ying
Published: August 2020

Background: Drug repositioning, the strategy of unveiling novel targets of existing drugs could reduce costs and accelerate the pace of drug development. To elucidate the novel molecular mechanism of known drugs, considering the long time and high cost of experimental determination, the efficient and feasible computational methods to predict the potential associations between drugs and targets are of great aid.Methods: A novel calculation model for drug-target interaction (DTI) prediction based on network representation learning and convolutional neural networks, called DLDTI， was generated. The proposed approach simultaneously fuses the topology of complex networks and diverse information from heterogeneous data sources, and copes with the noisy, incomplete, and high-dimensional nature of large-scale biological data by learning the low-dimensional and rich depth features of drugs and proteins. The low-dimensional feature vectors were used to train DLDTI to obtain the optimal mapping space and to infer new DTIs by ranking candidates according to their proximity to the optimal mapping space. More specifically, based on the results from the DLDTI, we experimentally validate the predicted targets of tetramethylpyrazine (TMPZ) on atherosclerosis progression in vivo.Results: The experimental results show that the DLDTI model achieves promising performance under 5-fold cross-validations with AUC values of 0.9172, which is higher than the methods using different classifiers or different feature combination methods mentioned in this paper. For the validation study of TMPZ on atherosclerosis, a total of 288 targets were identified and 190 of them were involved in platelet activation. The pathway analysis indicated signaling pathways, namely PI3K/Akt, cAMP and calcium pathways might be the potential targets. Effects and molecular mechanism of TMPZ on atherosclerosis were experimentally confirmed in animal models.Conclusions: DLDTI model can serve as a useful tool to provide promising DTI candidates for experimental validation. Based on the predicted results of DLDTI model, we found TMPZ could attenuate atherosclerosis by inhibiting signal transductions in platelets. The source code and datasets explored in this work are available at https://github.com/CUMTzackGit/DLDTI.
Factor VIII Inhibitor Bypass Activity (FEIBA) for the Reduction of Transfusion in Cardiac Surgery: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Pilot Trial
Authors: Sera Valerie A , Stevens Ann E , Song Howard K , Rodriguez Victor M , Tibayan Frederick A , Treggiari Miriam
Published: August 2020

Background Uncontrolled bleeding after cardiac surgery can be life threatening. Factor eight inhibitor bypassing activity (FEIBA) is a prothrombin complex concentrate empirically used as rescue therapy for correction of refractory bleeding diathesis post cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). FEIBA use as rescue therapy for bleeding diathesis after CPB has been associated with a low incidence of complications and a reduction in transfusion requirement and re-exploration. The feasibility and efficacy of early administration of FEIBA after termination of CPB have not been studied.Methods We designed a small randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled pilot trial to determine the feasibility of a larger trial testing the hypothesis that FEIBA decreases transfusion requirements after CPB. Twelve adult patients undergoing elective major aortic cardiovascular surgery at a tertiary referral hospital were equally randomized to receive a single dose of either FEIBA or matched placebo intraoperatively at the end of CPB. The study was designed to evaluate the feasibility of a larger pivotal trial to determine the effectiveness of FEIBA in reducing the total volume of blood products transfused perioperatively, and its safety profile.Results There were no protocol deviations or events of unblinding, and adverse events were not different between groups. Patients in the FEIBA group were older, more likely to be female, had higher BMI, lower hematocrit, and longer hypothermic circulatory arrest. There were no differences in post randomization blood product transfusions (difference FEIBA vs. placebo: -899 mL; 95%CI: -5,206 to 3,409, p = 0.65).Conclusions This pilot trial confirmed the adequacy of the trial design that involved the early, blinded administration of FEIBA, by demonstrating excellent protocol adherence. We conclude that a larger trial establishing the effectiveness of early prothrombin complex concentrate administration to reduce the use of blood products in the setting of high-risk cardiac surgery is feasible.Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02577614