bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Love and Respect of Manual Work in Liberalized Tanzania: A Study of Primary and Secondary Schools in Mbeya and Rukwa
Authors: Jacob Seni Abdallah
Published: October 2022

This paper analysed the status of love and respect for manual work among primary and secondary school students in liberalized Tanzania. It looked at how work-oriented education in public and private primary and secondary schools is practiced in the context of liberalization and how such work-oriented skills enhance agricultural inclination among recipients. Qualitative research approach and phenomenological research designs were deemed relevant. A total of 104 participants were purposively and systematic-randomly sampled including head teachers, Education for Self-Reliance (ESR) teachers, ESR prefects, teachers (not ESR) and pupils (not ESR prefects). Data was collected using in -depth interview, FGDs, direct observations and documentary review. To achieve trustworthiness, the researcher employed a number of measures such as combination of data sources such as interviews, observations, and relevant documents. The study revealed that sweeping, watering flowers and gardens and slashing were major types of manual work that students did. Most of students felt badly, less motivated and did not cherish to do the manual works. The paper concludes that the manual works done in schools did not enhance agricultural inclination and the modality on how they were provided as punishments counteracted good intentions of their use. To link education with work, production and to enhance students’ inclination in agriculture, the paper argues for revitalization of ESR at all levels of education. Furthermore, manual work should not be provided as punishment but rather as part and parcel of students’ learning.
Predicting Sanding Potential Using Empirical Method in “Ebendo” Field, Niger Delta, Nigeria
Authors: Ajayi T. J. , Adeogun O. Y. , Omeru T.
Published: October 2022

Sand formations represent a large fraction of oil and/or gas reservoirs in the world, hence it becomes imperative to determine the competency of the reservoirs to produce sand-free hydrocarbon. This informed the empirical technique adopted in this study to evaluate elastic parameters such as shear modulus (G), bulk compressibility (Cb), shear modulus to bulk compressibility (G/Cb) ratio and Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) to determine sand influx in the “Ebendo” Field, Niger Delta, Nigeria. To achieve this goal, seven (7) hydrocarbon-bearing sand units with thicknesses ranging from 12.51 to 48.63 m were identified at depth range of 1884.79 - 3350.15 m across the four (4) wells. These elastic parameters were estimated at the interval of interest. The range of values obtained for G/Cb ratio in EBD (01 and 02) is 1.49 × 1012 - 5.40 × 1012 psi2 while the range of values for G/Cb ratio in EBD (04 and 06) is 0.06 × 1012 - 0.41 × 1012 psi2. This result suggests that EBD (01 and 02) have no potential to sanding while EBD (04 and 06) have a high probability of sanding when compared to the threshold value of 0.8 × 1012 psi2. The production history of the “Ebendo” Field also correlates with the findings of this study. The low values of UCS in EBD (04 and 06) also agrees with the observation. Thus, this study has shown the efficacy of using empirical method as a quick approach to predicting sand production in the “Ebendo” Field and this technique could be used in other fields with similar geological setting.
Biochemical Parameters and Air Pollution Tolerance Index of Trees along New Ife Road and Within Forestry Research Institute of Nigeria in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
Authors: Ogboru R. O. , Akintan C. I. , Olarewaju T. O. , Idibie C. A. , Akhideno L. O.
Published: October 2022

Poor air quality is one of the renowned issues instigating health complications in urban areas today due to man’s exposure to various gases. The paper assessed the ambient air along New Ife Road (NIR) and Forestry Research Institute of Nigeria Headquarters (FRIN), Ibadan, Oyo State using Biochemical changes and computed the air pollution tolerance indices from fresh leaf samples of ten (10) similar plant species selected randomly in triplicates in both study locations. Monoon longifolium, Chrysophyllum albidum, Terminalia catappa, Dacryodes edulis and Terminalia ivorensis had tolerant APTI values; Mangifera indica, Psidium guajava, Terminalia ivorensis, Terminalia catappa and Cocos nucifera were intermediate APTI while Mangifera indica, Moringa oleifera and Azadirachta indica were found to be sensitive to air pollution. The APTI values at both locations are not significantly different; therefore NIR and FRIN are rated as areas of high anthropogenic activities. Terminalia ivorensis, (31.58 in NIR) Terminalia catappa (30.56 in FRIN) Dacryodes edulis, (31.15 in NIR and 34.76 in FRIN) (Chrysophyllum albidum (34.78 in NIR and 39.78 in FRIN) and Monoon longifolium (49.83 in NIR and 57.50 in FRIN) were classified as sink of air pollution based on their APTI values which ranged from 30>100 obtained in both locations of study. It is however suggested that these plants identified as sink of air pollutants, should be used for landscaping and planted 50m from the roadside for bio-filtration of the atmosphere.
Assessment of Selected Heavy Metal Content on Dumpsites Soil and Vegetables Grown in Muwo Metropolis, Niger State, Nigeria
Authors: Mathew J. T. , Mamman A. , Musah M. , Azeh Y. , Inobeme A. , Umar M. T. , Otori A. A. , Shaba E. Y. , Muhammed A. I. , Yisa P. S.
Published: October 2022

This study examines the concentration of heavy metals in soil samples and some vegetables (spinach, water leaf, bitter leaf and jute mallow) cultivated around dumpsites in Muwo Metropolis, Niger State, Nigeria. The soil samples and vegetable were analyzed for Ni, Zn, Cu, Pb and Cd using AA500 spectrophotometer after acid digestion. Data obtained show that, the Pb (1.684 mg/kg of Jute) content was high compared to other metals study in this work. Concentration of Zn was 1.993, 0.862 and 0.443 mg/kg for water leaf, soil and control sample respectively. The content of Pb was 1.727, 1.738 and ND mg/kg for water leaf, soil and control sample respectively. Also, the concentration of Pb was 1.736, ND and 0.457 mg/kg for spinach, soil and control sample respectively. However, the content of Zn was 0.786, 0.751 and 0.554 mg/kg for spinach, soil and control sample respectively The accumulation of heavy metals in agricultural soils is of increasing concern because of, potential health risks, food safety as well as its detrimental effects on the soil ecosystem and human health. The pollution indexes of Ni contents are 0.439, 0.378, and 0.083 for jute, soil and control sample respectively. While Zn concentration was 1.117, 0.858 and 0.492 for jute, soil and control sample respectively. The result of this study shows that Pb concentrations are present in high levels in the study area at the different level of contamination.
Road-killed frogs add another item to the food list of the Hooded Vulture Necrosyrtes monachus in The Gambia.
Authors: Barlow Clive R. , Brohaugh Erik
Published: October 2022

No abstract.
Pengembangan E- Comic Education pada Mata Pelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Materi Gaya dan Manfaatnya
Authors: Hanifah Hindun , Maslikhah Maslikhah
Published: October 2022

The purpose of the study was to determine the need for developing e- comic education learning media to improve cognitive learning outcomes for fourth grade students of MI NU Tsamrotul Wathon. The type of this research is Research and Development  with ADDIE model. Data collection techniques used questionnaires, and tests. The limited scale test was carried out with 10 students and the broad scale test was carried out with 30 students. The results showed that: the results of the validation of the eligibility criteria were based on the validation media experts, material experts and practitioners. Eligibility criteria for displaying writing are 62.5% (fair enough), image eligibility 72.5% (fair enough), e-comic education media function is 91.6% (very feasible), e-comic education media benefits are 87.5%. The eligibility criteria for the content aspect are 83.92% (very feasible), the feasibility on the construction aspect is 68.75% (adequate) and the feasibility of the language aspect is 60% (fair enough). The results of the development of e-comic education media are very effective in influencing students cognitive learning outcomes as indicated by the increase in cognitive learning outcomes with α < 0,05 its mean 0.00 < 0.05. The gain test of 0.467 is in the medium category.
METHOD FOR INCREASING RADIATED ACOUSTIC POWER ON THERMAL POWER EQUIPMENT TO INCREASE THE EFFECT OF PREVENTING DEPOSITS
Authors: Yankevich Sergey V. , Malinin Grigoriy V. , Abrukov Viktor S.
Published: October 2022

The paper proposes a method for increasing the radiated acoustic power of ultrasonic (acoustic) devices of preventing deposits, ensuring their effectiveness. A formula for determining the specific acoustic power of a magnetostrictive transducer, depending on its physical characteristics, is known from literary sources. However, in practice, this formula can only be applied to determine the calculated theoretical maximum acoustic power that a designed magnetostrictive transducer with specified design and geometric parameters can emit. The paper presents a formula for determining the practical radiated acoustic power of a magnetostrictive converter on thermal power equipment, taking into account the operating mode of the ultrasonic generator and the method of excitation of the magnetostrictive converter. Using the above formulas, the radiated acoustic power is estimated in the pulsed mode of operation of the ultrasonic generator in comparison with the theoretically possible radiated power. It is shown that by changing the operating mode of the ultrasonic generator, it is possible to achieve optimal radiated acoustic power of the magnetostrictive transducer. The paper discusses the optimal operating modes of magnetostrictive transducers made of different materials. For this purpose, various methods of excitation of magnetostrictive transducers and their disadvantages leading to the disappearance of the effect of preventing deposits are analyzed, a method of excitation of the magnetostrictive transducer based on the bias of the magnetostrictive material and increasing the effect of preventing deposits is proposed. The importance of increasing the radiated acoustic power of ultrasonic devices to increase the effect of preventing deposits with the lowest possible energy consumption is shown. A comparison is made with other technical solutions used by manufacturers of ultrasonic preventing deposits equipment. Experimental results of an increase in acoustic power with the proposed method of excitation of a magnetostrictive transducer in comparison with other methods of its excitation are presented.
CONSIDERATION OF THE CRITERION OF THE INFLUENCE OF ASYMMETRIC LOAD ON VOLTAGE DISTORTION IN A 10 kV NETWORK FOR RECOMMENDATIONS FOR REDUCING VOLTAGE ASYMMETRY
Authors: Antonov Alexander I. , Rudy Dmitry Yu. , Ruppel Alexander A. , Ruppel Elena Yu.
Published: October 2022

To date, there is a fairly large number of electrical equipment that is a source of asymmetric modes of operation in medium and low voltage electrical networks. This electrical equipment can create conductive low-frequency electromagnetic interference in electrical networks by the coefficient of voltage asymmetry in the reverse sequence. Studying the methodological basis of research on the theory of conductive low-frequency interference, it was found that when switching from one adjacent electrical network to another (for example, from a 0.4 kV network to a 10 kV network and vice versa) potential for conductive low-frequency interference decreases, i.e. the interference is partially suppressed by a certain amount. This amount is called the criterion determining the changes of the voltage asymmetry coefficient values in the reverse sequence in the transition of conductive low-frequency electromagnetic interference to the adjacent network. The purpose of this article is to develop a mathematical model for the study of network parameters affecting voltage asymmetry in the reverse sequence, which is reduced to a method for determining the value of the criterion for the effect of an asymmetric load on voltage distortion in a 10 kV network for recommendations for reducing voltage asymmetry. The article describes in detail the method of calculating this value and how it can be used to form recommendations for reducing voltage asymmetry. Scientific novelty of the study consists in the fact that an empirical mathematical model has been obtained that determines the criterion for the influence of an asymmetric load in a low-voltage network, the impact on which makes it possible to improve the electromagnetic situation in a 10 kV electrical network. This parameter can be taken into account when designing elements of electrical networks to determine the electromagnetic environment.
EFFECT OF ROTOR MISALIGNMENT ON MAGNETOELECTRIC VALVE MOTOR PERFORMANCE
Authors: Afanasyev Aleksandr A. , Genin Valeriy S. , Ivanova Nadezhda N.
Published: October 2022

A mathematical model of the magnetic field in the working clearance of a magnetoelectric valve motor is presented when the rotor is misaligned relative to the stator axis, which occurs during manufacture, for example, due to defects in bearing panels or during operation due to bearing wear. Using the conformal transformation of an uneven air gap into a uniform (circular ring), a study of the magnetic field in the air gap of the engine was carried out. A case is considered when the section of the air gap with the minimum size is stationary and is associated with a specific place on the surface of the stator boring. The serrature of the stator was taken into account on average using the Carter coefficient. The magnetic field in the inhomogeneous air gap created by the rotor magnets and the current of the stator winding was assumed to be plane-parallel, having a two-dimensional character.

It is obtained that the misalignment of the rotor associated with the rotational motion of the air gap section with a minimum size leads to the appearance of non-sinusoidal EMF and pulsations of electromagnetic moment with a frequency exceeding 3p times the rotational speed of the rotor (p is the number of pairs of poles). With fixed eccentricity, an alternating EMF is induced along the rotor shaft, causing alternating current in the circuit: shaft – bearings – bearing panels – stator housing.

Pulsations of the moment of the electromagnetic moment of the engine are caused by the appearance of mainly the 3rd and 9th harmonics, the values of which increase with increasing misalignment according to a law close to linear. The constant component of the electromagnetic moment increases somewhat with increasing misalignment.
ANALYTICAL CALCULATIONS INVOLVING MAGNETIC FIELDS OF A MAGNETOELECTRIC VALVE MOTOR USING THE METHOD OF SEPARATION OF VARIABLES
Authors: Afanasyev Aleksandr A. , Genin Valeriy S. , Ivanova Nadezhda N.
Published: October 2022

An analytical method for calculating the magnetic field of a magnetoelectric valve motor is considered based on the division of its active region into a set of geometrically homogeneous sheets, at the boundaries of which the conditions for conjugating their magnetic fields are met: scalar magnetic potentials and normal components of magnetic induction do not undergo a jump (break). As sources of the magnetic field, in addition to permanent magnets and currents of the stator winding, the magnetization of ferromagnetic sections of its magnetic circuit is provided.

When using the Fourier method of separation of variables, the conjugation conditions will be reduced to solving a system of linear equations to find the corresponding constants. The solution of the system of parametric equations describing the design scheme of the inductor of a slotless magnetoelectric valve motor is given, in general terms using the Maxima analytical (symbolic) calculation package. The solution obtained makes it possible to use the results to describe the magnetic potentials and inductions of valve motors of various design geometries.
ALGORITHM OF ELECTRIC CIRCUIT STATE MATRIX TRANSFORMATION USING THE MODIFIED NODAL ANALYSIS
Authors: Orlov Aleksandr I.
Published: October 2022

The article proposes the algorithm of electric circuit state matrix transformation obtained by the modified nodal analysis. The algorithm is aimed at reducing the system of electrical circuit differential equations to Cauchy problem form for the purpose of subsequent solution. Application of the modified nodal analysis to an electric circuit with energy inertial elements leads to a system of ordinary differential equations, which contains a singular matrix before the derivatives vector in matrix form if there are ungrounded capacitors in a circuit. For this reason, direct reduction of this equations system to Cauchy problem form is impossible. The idea of solving such systems is to pass from equations with potentials to equations with voltages and subsequent division of the equations system into two pieces: containing derivatives and without them. An important step in the transformation to equations with voltages is the elimination of linearly dependent rows of the singular matrix. The algorithm of that transformation is based on the analysis of the adjacency matrix compiled for the capacitors of the electrical circuit, and is the subject of this work. The algorithm can be used for topologically arbitrary connection of an unlimited number of capacitors. For the purpose of demonstration, an example of using the algorithm is given in the article.
METHODOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS FOR BUILDING A SYSTEM OF INDICATORS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF REGIONAL SYSTEMS
Authors: Ladykova Tatiana I.
Published: October 2022

The development of modern socio-economic systems objectively implies a widespread use of indicative planning tools. In modern conditions, much attention is paid to indicators that characterize economic and national security. The purpose of the article: indicative planning of basic processes affecting the incomes of the population, acting as one of the foundations for safe and sustainable development of the state and its regions. The system of indicators grouped into six analytical blocks on the basis of the linear scaling method is studied in order to ensure their comparability. Within each block, the basic matrices of the following coefficients are drawn up: profitability, reflecting the indicator's degree of impact on the positive dynamics in the income of the population, sustainability – the impact on economic security, regionality – enhancing the strengths of the regional socio-economic system. On the basis of block matrices of coefficients and indicators used, an integral index of population income is calculated, and prerequisites are created for assessing the impact on their dynamics of sanctions adopted against the Russian Federation after the start of the special military operation in Ukraine. The proposed methodological approach can be used in indicative planning processes at various levels: national, regional, municipal, thereby ensuring cross-cutting comparability of indicative and strategic planning indicators.
RISKS OF ORGANIZATIONS IN THE FIELD OF EXECUTING GOVERNMENT AND MUNICIPAL CONTRACTS
Authors: Sokolova Galina N.
Published: October 2022

The article is devoted to studying the risks of executing government and municipal contracts. The article examines the regulatory framework governing the execution of government contracts. Based on the actual data, the article analyses the risks of organizations arising in the field of executing government and municipal contracts. The analysis of existing theoretical approaches in the field of government and municipal contracts execution made it possible to identify the main risks, which mainly relate to factors of the external economic environment, including financial risks, inflation risks, excess costs, etc. The analysis of the problems arising in an organization when conducting and executing public procurement has shown that the main problem can be identified as a complex legislative framework, in order to improve which the government makes changes almost every quarter. The article notes that the situation is aggravated by the fact that in Russia there is no single information portal on all changes to the law. Of course, there are legal web-portals, such as "Garant" and "Consultant Plus", but these portals host more general answers, they lack explanations on specific issues. The analysis of risks in the field of executing government and municipal contracts has shown that the main problems that organizations face are the following: lack of proper control by state authorities, increased corruption risks and revealed facts of unfair actions, which also complicate the process of public procurement in the country. Based on the research, the directions for managing external risks of modern organizations in the field of executing government and municipal contracts are determined.
APPLYING COMPULSORY MEASURES OF EDUCATIONAL INFLUENCE TO MINORS
Authors: Nikolaeva Tatyana G. , Nechaeva Elena V.
Published: October 2022

The existing legislation of the Russian Federation grants the right to release minors from criminal liability (Article 90 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation) and punishment (Article 92 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation). The article discusses special grounds for the release of a minor from criminal punishment provided for in Article 92 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, which can be applied along with the general grounds established by Chapter 12 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, namely applying compulsory measures of educational influence to minors. The authors analyzed judicial statistics and the problems of applying compulsory measures of educational influence to juvenile offenders in practice, and proposed ways to solve them.
ON THE MEANING OF THE FEDERAL LAW «ON THE PUBLIC NOT-FOR-PROFIT COMPANY "ROSKADASTR"» IN IMPLEMENTING THE AGREEMENTS ON INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT OF TERRITORIES
Authors: Rumyantsev Fedor P.
Published: October 2022

The relevance of the topic is due to the goals and objectives of a new urban planning policy aimed at solving the problem of affordable housing by moving from "infill construction" to the implementation of agreements on integrated development of the territory, enabling not only to construct new residential quarters, but to create all the necessary complex elements of engineering and social infrastructure as well. Its legal basis was adoption on December 30 , 2020 of the Federal Law "On Amendments to the Urban Planning Code of the Russian Federation and Certain Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation in order to Ensure the Integrated Development of Territories", which entered civil circulation as the "Law on All-Russian Renovation". In order to develop its provisions and ensure the implementation of a "single window" principle, the Federal Law "On the Public Not-For-Profit Company Roskadastr" created an enlarged company that combined the functions of four previously disparate departments. The purpose of the study is basing on the analysis of the main provisions of the Federal Law "On the Public Not-For-Profit Company Roskadastr" to substantiate its importance for implementing the mechanism of integrated development of territories. The methodological basis was made up of a complex of general scientific, special scientific and special legal research methods, including dialectical approach, systematic, logical methods, formal legal one, etc. In the article the author reveals the positive effect of creating the public not-for-profit company "Roskadastr" and enters into a polemic on certain issues that cause criticism in the professional environment. Centralization of functions that previously existed separately in one institution, as well as geodetic, cartographic, legal, cost and other information about real estate objects necessary to implement the agreements on integrated development of the territory, improves the principle of a "single window", ensures a balance of public and private interests in solving socially significant tasks in the housing and construction sector.
THE IMPACT OF SANCTIONS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF RUSSIAN ECONOMY: OPPORTUNITIES AND RESTRICTIONS
Authors: Lyubovtseva Elena G. , Gordeeva Irina A.
Published: October 2022

The industries that have suffered the most from the introduction of sanctions against Russia by foreign countries are considered. The consequences of sanctions on the Russian economy are examined. The positive aspects of restrictive measures introduction by unfriendly states are studied. The main parameters of the Russian economy development in accordance with the forecast of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation in the framework of the baseline scenario are considered. The relevance of the research lies in the fact that the sanctions imposed by Western countries for several years have had a direct impact on the economic development of Russia. If in the period between 2008 and 2014 the sanctions hit the economy quite hard, then Russia was already prepared for the sanctions of 2022, which makes it possible to develop measures to restore the country's economy right now. On the one hand, sanctions restrict the development of Russian industries, and on the other hand, they provide opportunities for its development, especially in terms of import substitution. For Russian economy today, the task of launching new production facilities within the country and reducing the level of dependence on imports is more urgent than ever, which will have a positive impact on all its indicators.
WOMEN’S LABOR IN THE INDUSTRY OF THE NATIONAL AUTONOMIES OF THE MIDDLE VOLGA REGION IN THE 1920s – 1930s: MANAGERIAL ASPECT
Authors: Idiatullina Klara S.
Published: October 2022

Involving women in social production during the years of industrialization became the core in solving the women’s issue in the Soviet Union. Examining this problem on the materials of three autonomous republics – the Tatar, the Chuvash and the Mari – gave the opportunity to identify common features and features of using women’s labor in the industry of the national region, to show the dynamics of the process and its problems. The main methodology of the study was the institutional and comparative-historical approaches. The process showing formation of institutions that ensured women’s involvement in industrial production in the region is investigated. Women’s participation in industrial production, on the one hand, testified to their achievement of an equal right status in society. On the other hand, women were considered by the state as a human resource when expanding production, as well as an insurance resource in the event of a war. The growth rates of women’s labor in the region were high: by 1937, the proportion of women in the industry of the TASSR was 49.9%, in the MASSR – 43%, in the ChASSR – 31%. In the USSR as a whole, by the mid-1930s, women made 35.8% of industrial workers.
ON THE FOUNDATION OF NIZHNY NOVGOROD ASCENSION MONASTERY
Authors: Krasnoperov Denis V.
Published: October 2022

The article deals with the formation of the Pechersky Ascension Monastery in the city of Nizhny Novgorod in the first half of the XIII century. The role of Saint Dionysius of Suzdal in the creation of the monastery is traced. The time interval during which the monastery could be formed is determined. The hypotheses of researchers regarding the date of the Ascension Monastery’s foundation are analyzed. The issue concerning the personality of the founder – Saint Dionysius, the place where the monastery was originally founded, is investigated. It is concluded that the foundation of the Ascension Monastery is not only an important milestone in the history of Nizhny Novgorod, but also an important stage in the spread of monastic “cenobia” throughout the Northeastern Russia.
ORGANIZATION OF THE ACTIVITIES CARRIED OUT BY THE SOVIET SCHOOL IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE 1920s – 1930s (on the Example of Educational Institutions of the Chuvash ASSR)
Authors: Gasanova Maleka N. , Tokhtieva Larisa N.
Published: October 2022

Based on the analysis of various historical sources, the article examines the issues of organizing the activities carried out by schools of the Chuvash ASSR in the second half of the 1920s – 1930s. The article characterizes the qualification requirements for senior executives of schools, it lists the main powers and duties of school principals and directors of schools, as well as deputy principals (heads of teaching). The process of approving the principle of unity of command in educational institutions in the 1930s is shown. The main claims to the management of schools by the People’s Commissariat for Education of the Chuvash ASSR are marked. The requirements for the teaching staff and classroom teachers are presented. The role of pedagogical and staff meetings, pedagogical councils and methodological bureaus in improving the professional level of teachers is noted, the main directions of work performed by these councils and methodological bureaus are highlighted. The activities of the school council, school assistance committees, parent committees and student organizations are described in detail, their role in ensuring the educational process is emphasized. The authors give specific examples illustrating the importance of these organizations in the life of the school. It is noted that although schools functioning in the republic was de jure under the constant control of the People’s Commissariat for Education of the Chuvash ASSR, municipal and district departments of public education, in reality, the activities of many schools were out of their sight. The article concludes that, despite difficult conditions for the development of school education in the second half of the 1920s – 1930s, during this period a clear structure of a comprehensive school was created, which ensured continuity of education and preserved its main features until the mid-1980s.
THE SECULAR AND THE RELIGIOUS IN THE REFORMS OF PETER THE GREAT
Authors: Shirokov Oleg N. , Shirokova Marina A.
Published: October 2022

The article is devoted to the study of the church reform carried out by Peter I in the context of the Russian society modernization in the first quarter of the XVIII century. The prerequisites for the church reform and the prehistory in the development of its relations with the state power since the era of Ivan the Terrible are considered, a brief overview of the historiography of the issue is given. Religiosity of Peter the Great which was traditional for that era was influenced by the Western system of values through the environment of the future emperor in his youth in the German Quarter. At the same time, he consistently continued the policy of his father, who sought to restore the priority of secular power. An important factor was Peter’s ambiguous personal relationship with Patriarch Adrian, who stood up for the Strelitz and refused to make tsaritza Evdokia a nun. Undoubtedly, an important role in the church policy was played by the desire to limit an uncontrolled transfer of state resources, primarily land, to the church-monastery system. The Synod was based on the collegial principle of governance, as in other secular institutions of the empire, which emphasized the primordial superiority of the secular power over the spiritual one. Despite all the apparent inconsistency of Peter the Great’s actions, the former set of traditional religious practices was preserved, supplemented with the functions necessary to build the trajectory of a long process of social modernization.
INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION IN THE TERRITORY OF CHUVASHIA OF THE XX CENTURY IN THE ACTIVITIES OF THE SCIENTIFIC SCHOOL HEADED BY PROFESSOR I.I. BOYKO (for the Scientist’s Anniversary)
Authors: Mineev Aleksey I.
Published: October 2022

The XXI century is a century of rapidly changing information and technological space, new breakthrough technologies created by the scientific creativity of scientists. Fundamental and applied research carried out in Russia, in a difficult international situation, is becoming in demand and is implemented in the real sector of the economy. It is no coincidence that the President of the Russian Federation V.V. Putin signed a Decree declaring 2022–2031 the Decade of Science and Technology in the country. However, the top performance of a research scientist is not only creation of unique knowledge, but forming a team of followers as well. By far not everyone is in power to build his own scientific school and train highly qualified specialists. The article reflects the main stages showing the creative work of Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor Ivan Ivanovich Boyko, as well as the activities of the researcher’s scientific school, which largely supplemented the history of Chuvashia of the XX century. It is noted that the main directions investigated by the scientific school of I.I. Boyko were 3 problem blocks: industrial development and agriculture of Chuvashia in the XX century; formation and activity of state and municipal administration of the republic in the Soviet period; historical experience of implementing Soviet youth policy. Each of these areas was directly related to scientific interests of the researcher. The problems in the development of industry, the system of public administration, transition of the Middle Volga region republics to the statute of industrial-agrarian ones in the second half of the XX century have repeatedly become the historian’s object of attention.
TRANSFORMATION OF REPRESENTATIONS ABOUT THE SPIRITS OF HOME SPACE IN THE TRADITIONAL CULTURE OF THE CHUVASH OF ULYANOVSK REGION
Authors: Anisimova Elena Yu. , Kantserova Iraida E.
Published: October 2022

Based on the authors’ field research, the article analyzes preservation and transformation of the faith in the spirits of home space among the Chuvash population of Ulyanovsk region. To establish the current state of the problem under study, in 2020 the authors conducted a survey of residents of different age categories and gender residing the village of Nizhnyaya Yakushka in Novomalyklinsky region. Among the respondents, women of the middle and older age groups were more superstitious. The study also showed preservation of the system of representations and rituals associated with the spirits of the home space, among which faith in the house sprite occupies an important place. To a lesser extent, there continues to be a belief in other mythological creatures (bath house gnome, granary gnome), allegedly living in outbuildings, which, according to the villagers, ensure prosperity and well-being of the household.
RELIGION DURING THE PANDEMIC IN THE TERRITORY OF THE CHUVASH REPUBLIC
Authors: Idiatullov Azat K. , Myasnikova Alla B. , Anisimova Elena Yu.
Published: October 2022

The coronavirus pandemic has led to significant changes in people’s lives in all spheres, including religion. The usual way of religious life has undergone significant transformations in a short period of time. During the pandemic, it became dangerous for a large number of people to gather at the same time, which forced parishioners to restrict access to churches and mosques. In post-Soviet Russia, religious believers faced similar situations for the first time, and they became a definite challenge for representatives of individual confessions, which determined the relevance of the stated topic. The purpose of the article is to analyze the reaction of the authorities, religious leaders and ordinary citizens, both religious believers and non-believers, during the first year of the pandemic to restrictions in the field of religious practice. The scientific novelty of the article lies in the fact that for the first time, the materials of the Republic of Chuvashia show the forms that are not widespread and not quite typical for the Russian religious culture: crucessions by air and land transport, online broadcasts of religious services, contests on religious themes, the use of videoconferences to solve current problems. The research was based on the materials of legislative acts and publications in print and electronic media, as well as in news feeds on the websites of religious organizations. According to the authors, pandemic restrictions have divided religious believers into two main groups. One part of religious believers accepted new forms of religious practices cautiously, as it was difficult for them to rebuild their habitual way of life, to refuse even temporarily from visiting churches and mosques. The other part, on the contrary, reacted with some interest and understanding to innovations, since the use of remote technologies enabled more people to “attend” prayer services.
Biopesticide Activity of Costus Igneus -A Preliminary Study
Authors:   Dept. of Biotechnology, MGM’s College of Engineering and Technology, Kamothe - 410206, Navi Mumbai (MH), India, Sohel Khan Aamer , Agarwal Sandhya ,   Dept. of Biotechnology, MGM’s College of Engineering and Technology, Kamothe - 410206, Navi Mumbai (MH), India
Published: October 2022

Costus igneus plant was tested for potential biopesticide use against D. melanogaster larvae as a model organism. Aqueous and methanol extracts were prepared using fresh leaves of C. igneus. Methanol extracts experiential more effective with LC50 (50% lethal concentration) at 2.71% whereas aqueous extract recorded 1.25 folds higher than methanol with LC50 at 3.37%. The LC50 values were statistically significant (p < 0.05). Results explain 92.4% and 83.2% competence of methanol and aqueous extracts of C. igneus against D. melanogaster larvae correspondingly. The preliminary results proposes C.igneus plant as a potent source of biopesticide.
Ferezdak’ın Şairliği ve Arap Edebiyatındaki Yeri
Authors: AYYILDIZ Esat
Published: October 2022

Ferezdak lakabıyla tanınan Hemmâm b. Gâlib, Emevî Döneminin en meşhur Arap şairleri arasında yer almakta ve Arap edebiyatında bilhassa nazmettiği hicviye ve methiye şiirleriyle tanınmaktadır. Bu çalışmada Ferezdak’ın şairliğinin ve edebî şahsiyetinin bilimsel bir metotla tetkik edilmesi hedeflenmektedir. Dolayısıyla araştırmanın temel kaynağı, şairin bizzat kendi divanıdır. Makale kapsamında öncelikle Ferezdak’ın edebî şahsiyeti ve şairliği hakkında bazı biyografik, edebî ve tarihî bilgi verilmiştir. Bunun ardından çalışmadaki hipotezlerin desteklenmesi adına, Ferezdak’ın divanından seçilen bazı mühim kasideler Türkçeye tercüme edilerek incelenmiştir. Şairin Zeynelâbidîn’i methettiği bir kasidesi, onun methiye şiirlerinin mütalaası hususunda örnek olarak seçilmiş ve bu şiir Türkçeye tam haliyle çevrilerek analiz edilmiştir. Onun hiciv şairliği hususunda ise, Emevî Halifesi Muâviye’yi hedef aldığı meşhur bir kasidesi tetkik edilmiştir. Bu kasidesinde Ferezdak’ın hiciv sanatındaki yeteneğini kanıtlamış olduğunu söylemek mümkündür. Mezkûr kaside ayrıca onun fahr türündeki eğilimlerini de yansıtabilecek niteliktedir. Son olarak Ferezdak’ın mersiye türündeki şiirlerinin mütalaası hususunda, onun kısa bir manzûmesi örnek olarak seçilmiştir.
ENCONTRO DE SABERES E COTAS EPISTÊMICAS NA UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DA INTEGRAÇÃO LATINO-AMERICANA - UNILA
Authors: Galo Ledezma Meneses Gerson
Published: October 2022

O nosso escopo, neste artigo, é verificar a forma como se está instaurando na Universidade Federal da Integração Latino Americana, UNILA, o projeto Encontro de Saberes e Cotas Epistêmicas, a partir do Instituto Latino-Americano de Arte, Cultura e História, ILAACH, um dos quatro Institutos Latino Americanos que compõem a Universidade, em diálogo com a Pró-Reitoria de Extensão, PROEX, e a Curricularização da Extensão. O Projeto fundamenta-se teoricamente nas Epistemologias do Sul e em autores/autoras que, no Brasil, trabalharam pela instauração das Cotas Étnico-raciais e que desde a primeira década deste século coordenam Encontro de Saberes. Informamos sobre os percursos deste Projeto no Brasil e os avanços na UNILA; objetivos e Metodologia.
THE APPLICABLE LAW REGARDING MATERNAL CUSTODY
Authors: AL- SAMAK Hiba Thamer Mahmoud
Published: October 2022

The phenomenon of child abduction after divorce due to mixed marriages has spread widely, as the legal texts governing the issue of custody through mixed marriages differ between countries, so the issue of conflict of laws in custody has been strongly raised. In many countries, the legislator did not set unified objective rules governing custody, which gives the legal and practical justification for opening the door to jurisprudential differences and differing judicial rulings because the child is the basis for the relationship between the father and mother after divorce. This prompted a study of the legal nature of custody, to determine the legal adaptation of custody, to set rules of attribution for custody, and to determine the eligibility of the custodian for the child., to determine the applicable law, the statement of its objective rules, the position of international agreements on custody and the extent of the commitment of states to implement them. The same applies in the case of the application of public order and morals, the domicile or place of residence of the child in custody and the criteria for the interests of the child, and other issues.
EFFECT OF ENVIRONMENT AND DEVELOPMENT ON HUMAN SECURITY
Authors: SAEED Lyan Hazim
Published: October 2022

Environment is the medium where man lives and is the source for his presence, continuity, security, and livelihood. Enjoying human rights is conditioned on the availability of a sound, healthy, and sustainable environment. However, due to many factors, including technological advancement, negative man behaviours, and wars, the environment has deteriorated and become a risk-carrying medium, with increase in environmental disasters, number of environmental refugees, desertification, pollution, and conflicts between members of the human race. All of these risks threaten security of humans, society, state, and the whole world. Thus, the relationship between environment, development, and security is complementary and intertwining. A safe, healthy environment guarantees both man security and national security, which leads to world security. If the environment is neither healthy nor safe nor suitable, man's health, conduct, production, and development will be directly affected. Lack of environmental security is reflected in man security, being one of the six elements composing it. Sustainable development and the environment affect each other as the latter is only complete when there is sustainable development in all social, economic, and cultural aspects. Like with the environment, the development needs the presence of a combination of factors to achieve man security so that human societies would be able to fulfil their human needs in accordance with a specified legal way, as the protection and empowerment of people is the outcome of the role which human development may play as a comprehensive and multi-dimensional developmental framework. If countries do not make legislations that keep human security, limit environmental displacement, and serve the goals of sustainable development set out by the United Nations, the result will be an environmental migration that impacts, in various forms, the levels of sustainable development and concepts of human security.
Model for Implementation of e-Government Services in Developing Countries like Nepal
Authors: Bhagat Chandan , Mishra A. K. , Aithal P. S.
Published: October 2022

Purpose: Nepal has taken an initiative to provide the various government services to its citizens by the use of ICT. However in developing countries like Nepal there are many challenges in front of Government in implementing these services through internet. So, the main target of this study is to formulate a proposed model of e-Governance based on G2C based on identified the basic achievement factors (BAFs) for viable execution of e-Government services.
Design/Methodology/Approach: Key focus of the research is to develop a model through modification of existing model of developed country which could be applied in Nepal. Content analysis of literature along with key informant interviews and 5 ranking Likert scale questionnaire survey has been applied for getting the objective. It is an approach towards creation of digital sustainability as digital transformation is taking rapid development.
Findings/Result: Since most part of the population is below poverty line and even the literacy rate towards IT services is also very less, it is a challenge for the implementing agencies. The authorities in Nepal have been continuously endeavoring to offer citizen offerings in a higher way. There had been numerous a success initiatives and lots of noteworthy initiatives had been undertaken in Nepal like citizen App. This paper has tried to identify the CSFs for the execution of E-Administration in Nepal to develop a proposed model of e-Government to Consumer (G2C) to enhance the effectiveness of E-Governance.
Originality/Value: The study contributes to develop a model for e-Government to adopt digitalization.
Paper Type: Research paper
Africa’s Continental Free Trade and Sustainable Development: An Economic Assessment
Authors: Quartey Jonathan D.
Published: October 2022

The quest for Africa’s development breakthrough appears to be closely related to the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA). The Economic Commission of Africa believes the move could solve chronic poverty and joblessness prevailing on the continent. However, the benefit of hindsight reveals limits set by the laws of thermodynamics on the extent to which economic activities can be most beneficial to humanity. The motivation to expand trade thrives on energy for extraction, production and consumption, yielding undesirable waste products. The need for sustainable development has responded to the limits imposed by excessive waste, stretching environmental carrying capacity to the breaking point. Thus, to avoid repeating past development errors, Africa’s Continental Free Trade Area needs to ascertain the extent and cost of resultant environmental damage. Clearly, AfCFTA is yet to consider such effects. The COVID-19 pandemic, however, should be a reminder of how devastating a collision between economic activity and the natural environment can be. Existing studies on AfCFTA have so far been restricted to quantifying the effects of tariff reductions, non-tariff barriers and trade facilitation. This study, however, assesses the outcomes of the efforts being made to achieve the goals of AfCFTA, from an environmental economics analytical framework, in line with tenets of sustainable development. It employs data mainly from the World Bank and AfCFTA Secretariat to analyze the welfare effects of AfCFTA through resultant deforestation, solid waste management and climate change adaptation. The study found the resulting environmental damage to be US$ 744.71 billion, far exceeding the projected AfCFTA benefits of US$450 billion to be realized by 2035. Thus, in its current form, AfCFTA will reduce the economic welfare of Africa by at least US$294.71 billion by 2035. While in the formative stages, AfCFTA will be better served if stakeholders can pay attention to the call for a fully operational plan to offset the impending environmental damage, which cannot be taken for granted if Africa wants sustainable development.