bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SN 2016dsg: A Thermonuclear Explosion Involving a Thick Helium Shell
Authors: Dong 董 Yize 一泽 , Valenti Stefano , Polin Abigail , Boyle Aoife , Flörs Andreas , Vogl Christian , Kerzendorf Wolfgang E. , Sand David J. , Jha Saurabh W. , Wyrzykowski Łukasz , Bostroem K. Azalee , Pearson Jeniveve , McCully Curtis , Andrews Jennifer E. , Benetti Stefano , Blondin Stéphane , Galbany L. , Gromadzki Mariusz , Hosseinzadeh Griffin , Howell D. Andrew , Inserra Cosimo , Jencson Jacob E. , Lundquist Michael , Lyman J. D. , Magee Mark , Maguire Kate , Meza Nicolas , Srivastav Shubham , Taubenberger Stefan , Terwel J. H. , Wyatt Samuel , Young D. R.
Published: July 2022

A thermonuclear explosion triggered by a He-shell detonation on a carbon–oxygen white-dwarf core has been predicted to have strong UV line blanketing at early times due to the iron-group elements produced during He-shell burning. We present the photometric and spectroscopic observations of SN 2016dsg, a subluminous peculiar Type I supernova consistent with a thermonuclear explosion involving a thick He shell. With a redshift of 0.04, the i-band peak absolute magnitude is derived to be around −17.5. The object is located far away from its host, an early-type galaxy, suggesting it originated from an old stellar population. The spectra collected after the peak are unusually red, show strong UV line blanketing and weak O i
λ7773 absorption lines, and do not evolve significantly over 30 days. An absorption line around 9700–10500 Å is detected in the near-infrared spectrum and is likely from the unburnt He in the ejecta. The spectroscopic evolution is consistent with the thermonuclear explosion models for a sub-Chandrasekhar-mass white dwarf with a thick He shell, while the photometric evolution is not well described by existing models.
Imaging Polarization of the Blue-excess Hot Dust-obscured Galaxy WISE J011601.41–050504.0
Authors: Assef R. J. , Bauer F. E. , Blain A. W. , Brightman M. , Díaz-Santos T. , Eisenhardt P. R. M. , Jun H. D. , Stern D. , Tsai C.-W. , Walton D. J. , Wu J. W.
Published: July 2022

We report on VLT/FORS2 imaging polarimetry observations in the R
Special band of WISE J011601.41–050504.0 (W0116–0505), a heavily obscured hyperluminous quasar at z = 3.173 classified as a Hot Dust-obscured Galaxy (Hot DOG) based on its mid-IR colors. Recently, Assef et al. identified W0116–0505 as having excess rest-frame optical/UV emission and concluded that this excess emission is most likely scattered light from the heavily obscured AGN. We find that the broadband rest-frame UV flux is strongly linearly polarized (10.8% ± 1.9%, with a polarization angle of 74° ± 9°), confirming this conclusion. We analyze these observations in the context of a simple model based on scattering either by free electrons or by optically thin dust, assuming a classical dust torus with polar openings. Both can replicate the degree of polarization and the luminosity of the scattered component for a range of geometries and column densities, but we argue that optically thin dust in the ISM is the more likely scenario. We also explore the possibility that the scattering medium corresponds to an outflow recently identified for W0116–0505. This is a feasible option if the outflow component is biconical with most of the scattering occurring at the base of the receding outflow. In this scenario, the quasar would still be obscured even if viewed face-on but might appear as a reddened type 1 quasar once the outflow has expanded. We discuss a possible connection between blue-excess Hot DOGs, extremely red quasars, reddened type 1 quasars, and unreddened quasars that depends on a combination of evolution and viewing geometry.
Spectroscopic Diagnostics of the Mid-infrared Features of the Dark Globule DC 314.8–5.1 with the Spitzer Space Telescope
Authors: Kosmaczewski E. , Stawarz Ł. , Rocha W. R. M. , Shenoy S. S. , Karska A.
Published: July 2022

We present an analysis of the mid-infrared spectra, obtained from the Spitzer Space Telescope, of the dark globule DC 314.8–5.1, which is at the onset of low-mass star formation. The target has a serendipitous association with a B-type field star that illuminates a reflection nebula in the cloud. We focus on the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) emission features prevalent throughout the mid-infrared range. The analysis of the spectra with the PAHFIT software as well as with the pypahdb package shows that (i) the intensities of PAH features decrease over distance from the ionizing star toward the cloud center, with some however showing a saturation at larger distances; (ii) the relative intensities of the 6.2 and 8.6 features with respect to the 11.2 μm feature remain high throughout the globule, suggesting a higher cation-to-neutral PAH ratio of the order of unity; the breakdown from pypahdb confirms a high ionized fraction within the cloud; (iii) the pypahdb results display a decrease in large-PAH fraction with increased distance from HD 130079, as well as a statistically significant correlation between the large-size fraction and the ionized fraction across the globule; (iv) the 7.7 PAH feature displays a peak nearer to 7.8 μm, suggesting a chemically processed PAH population with a small fraction of UV-processed PAHs; and (v) the H2 S(0) line is detected at larger distances from the ionizing star. All in all, our results suggest divergent physical conditions within the quiescent cloud DC 314.8–5.1 as compared to molecular clouds with ongoing star formation.
Incidence of surgical site infections and prediction of risk factors in a hospital center in Morocco
Authors: Flouchi Rachid , El Far Mohamed , Hibatallah Abdelaziz , Elmniai Abderrahim , Rhbibou Ibtissam , Touzani Ibrahim , El Hachlafi Naoufal , Fikri-Benbrahim Kawtar
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Surgical site infections (SSIs) remain the major cause of morbidity and mortality in the postoperative period and are important surgical and hospital quality indicators. In this context, our study aims to identify SSIs associated risk factors and to develop a predictive model.

Methodology: 2521 patients who underwent surgery, between June 2018 and May 2019, in four surgery departments, at the Taza Provincial Hospital (Morocco) were diagnosed for SSI according to the standards of the Center for Disease Control and Prevention. The SSIs’ risk factors were assessed by univariate statistical analysis and logistic regression using the Scikit Learn function of Python.

Results: The average age of the studied population was 35 ± 1 years. The overall SSI incidence was 6.3% (17.95%, 6.86%, 6.67% and 3.16% respectively in child, female, male and gynaecological-obstetrical surgeries. The univariate statistical analysis has shown a highly significant (p < 0.001) and a very significant (p < 0.01) relationship between SSIs and almost all risk factors; and the logistic regression model has revealed a strong association between SSI and people who have had previous surgery, urinary catheter, antibiotic use duration, co-morbidity, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score, duration of intervention, emergency preoperative and postoperative durations, service, specialty and age range. The prediction score exceeds 96% which justifies our model’s quality.

Conclusions: SSIs are generally frequent among postoperative patients. Therefore, pre-operative preparation, post-operative surveillance and the environment quality of the wards are necessary to reduce SSI rates in the hospital.
A diphtheria outbreak in Johor Bahru, Malaysia: Public health investigation and response
Authors: Tok Peter Seah Keng , Jilani Misbaha , Misnar Nurul Fateha , Bidin Nor Suzila , Rosli Norli , Toha Haidar Rizal
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Diphtheria is an acute infectious disease caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae. Although the incidence of diphtheria worldwide has rapidly declined following the largely successful diphtheria toxoid-based vaccines, concerns persist for those who were unvaccinated or incompletely vaccinated. In this report, we describe a recent diphtheria outbreak in Malaysia involving four confirmed diphtheria cases.

Methodology: The outbreak investigation efforts and epidemiological characteristics of a diphtheria outbreak in Malaysia are described. For all suspected cases, swabs were taken and sent for isolation of Corynebacterium diphtheriae and confirmation of toxigenic strains.

Results: The index case was a two-year-old child living with his family in a welfare home. Following contact tracing efforts and investigation for suspected cases, seven samples came back as culture positive for Corynebacterium diphtheriae. Confirmation of toxigenic strains was performed using PCR and Elek’s test, which showed 100% correlation in positivity for four of the samples. All four confirmed cases were below 18 years of age, and three of them did not have complete vaccination history (two unvaccinated, one unknown). The index case eventually succumbed due to severe diphtheria with multiorgan failure while all the other cases were discharged healthy.

Conclusions: In Malaysia, despite good vaccination coverage, sporadic diphtheria outbreaks still occur. The rising trend of cases reported over the recent years underscores the need to remain vigilant. Addressing pockets of unvaccinated children and potential waning immunity levels in the population remains pivotal.
Le Gérasénien et le(s) jeune(s) homme(s) : perspectives synchroniques et diachroniques sur le récit du démoniaque de Marc 5,1-20
Authors: Marulli Luca
Published: July 2022

Le récit du démoniaque de Gérasa, dans sa version marcienne (Mc 5,1-20), constitue le récit d’exorcisme le plus élaboré de tout le Nouveau Testament. La conjugaison de l’analyse synchronique (de type narratologique) avec une étude, pluridisciplinaire, des dimensions historiques, sociales et religieuses sous-jacentes au texte permet de mettre en valeur la force reconfiguratrice du récit. De manière plus ample, le micro-récit de l’exorcisme de Gérasa participe au projet mis en œuvre par l’auteur implicite à l’échelle du macro-récit que constitue l’Évangile de Marc. Dans cette perspective, il est possible d’apprécier la place et l’enjeu de Marc 5,1-20 dans la trame de l’Évangile de Marc, notamment en relation avec la figure du jeune homme qui s’enfuit nu (Mc 14,51-52) et avec la péricope qui met en scène le jeune homme au tombeau (Mc 16,1-8). Lire Marc 5,1-20 avec et après Marc 14,51-52 et 16,1-8 amène à une reconfiguration épistémique du lecteur relative aux thèmes de l’identité de Jésus, de la nature de la suivance et de la relation envisagée entre le disciple et son Maître absent.
La Covid-19 et l’organisation des études universitaires : injonctions et adaptations
Authors: Rouet Gilles , Raytcheva Stela , Côme Thierry
Published: July 2022

Dans le contexte de la crise sanitaire, les institutions d’enseignement ont globalement, en France, fait preuve d’adaptation, de manière séquentielle et parfois erratique. Les universités ont rapidement pu s’organiser et proposer des protocoles limitant le présentiel tout en tentant de garantir l’essentiel des apprentissages grâce notamment au digital. Cette contribution propose une mise en en perspective des décisions officielles, annoncées par le Président de la République et appliquées aux établissements d’enseignement supérieur par voie de circulaires, avec les décisions et adaptations mise en œuvre au sein d’une université, à partir d’une prise en compte des ressentis et avis des étudiants.
Gestion publique de la crise de la Covid-19 dans le secteur culturel : perception des dispositifs publics et bien-être au travail dans les associations du spectacle vivant
Authors: Demeyère Caroline , Havet-Laurent Stéphanie , Richard Damien
Published: July 2022

Cet article analyse les effets des dispositifs de gestion publique de la crise de la Covid-19 sur les associations du spectacle vivant. Comment les acteurs perçoivent-ils la gestion de la crise sanitaire ? Nous basons notre recherche sur l’analyse d’entretiens et les témoignages recueillis dans l’enquête Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Spectacle Vivant. La mobilisation du modèle SLAC (Abord de Chatillon et Richard, 2015) permet de proposer des pistes de réflexion pour la co-construction des dispositifs publics visant non seulement la survie organisationnelle des associations mais aussi le maintien du bien-être au travail.
Árbol genealógico de la familia Muley Fez (siglo XVI), descendientes cognados de Muley Hacén, emir del reino nazarí de Granada
Authors: Viúdez Nuria
Published: July 2022

Este trabajo de investigación revela las pruebas documentales que han hecho posible la reconstrucción genealógica de los descendientes del emir Muley Hacén; la familia conocida como Muley Fez. Hemos logrado reconstruir genealógicamente a la familia en el decurso de seis generaciones consecutivas, desde finales del s. XV hasta finales del s. XVI, identificando y documentando a un elenco familiar que asciende a treinta y siete individuos en total. El cruce y puesta en común de más de una veintena de manuscritos inéditos, de diversa procedencia y naturaleza, han puesto al descubierto una extensa red de parentesco familiar. La reconstrucción del árbol genealógico, pese a ser un fin en sí mismo, es también un paso previo y necesario para rehacer la historia y el devenir de uno de los más importantes linajes de la aristocracia morisca del s. XVI.
Physiological quality of forage palm seeds and seedlings associated with the level of ploidy
Authors: Silva Ronimeire Torres , Bruno Riselane de Lucena Alcântara , Nascimento Rodrigo Garcia Silva , Nóbrega Jackson Silva , Barbosa Neto Miguel Avelino , Andrade Alberício Pereira de
Published: July 2022

The forage palm is widely cultivated in semiarid regions. It has a basic chromosome number of x = 11 and polyploids are the main variation. It is propagated via vegetative reproduction, and sexual propagation is rarely used. The objective was to associate the physiological quality of seeds of different cultivars of forage palm with the level of ploidy in the genera Opuntia and Nopalea. The cultivars used were: diploids (2n = 22) ‘F8’, ‘F21’, and ‘IPA Sertânia’; tetraploids (2n = 44) ‘Clone 6 African Elephant Ear’, ‘Mexican Elephant Ear’, and ‘V19’, and octaploids (2n = 88) ‘Round’, ‘Giant’, and ‘IPA Clone 20’. Thousand seed weight, length, diameter, number of seeds per fruit, first count and emergence percentage, shoot and root length, fresh and dry mass, electrical conductivity, and length, width, and fresh and dry weight of cladodes were measured. A nested scheme design was used, with three levels of ploidy and three cultivars within each level. The ploidy level positively influenced the number of seeds per fruit and the physiological quality of the seeds. Cultivars behave differently within the same ploidy level.
Spatial variability in evaluation experiments of corn genotypes in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
Authors: Yamamotto Euriann Lopes Marques , Gonçalves Manoel Carlos , Davide Livia Maria Chamma , Rossoni Diogo Francisco , Santos Adriano dos
Published: July 2022

Analysis of variance (ANOVA) is the most used procedure for comparing means between different groups. However, in some cases, disregarding the assumptions of ANOVA can lead to spatial dependence. In such cases, to ensure greater experimental precision, it is necessary to consider the study of spatial dependence. This study was carried out to compare the estimates of experimental precision of the traditional analysis of variance with those of the analysis of variance using an autoregressive (ANOVA-AR) model in corn experiments under different N conditions when evaluating grain yield. Data were obtained from 14 experiments using lattice designs conducted in 2012, 2014, and 2015 in the following counties in the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso do Sul: Caarapó, Dourados, Glória de Dourados, and Laguna Carapã. Of the 14 experiments, 7 were performed with N fertilization (ideal) and 7 experiments were performed under stressful conditions (zero or low). Both analyses were compared by considering estimates of reduction of the error mean square, coefficient of determination, F-value, and selective accuracy as well as the difference in the order of 25% of the genotypes of each experiment (from 13 to 56 genotypes, considering the size of the experiment). Differences in the error mean square and genotype mean square were slightly more evident in 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 11 experiments but the use of ANOVA-AR did not promote major changes. The analysis of variance with an autoregressive model provided parameter values of experimental precision similar to those expressed by traditional analysis of variance. There was no difference in terms of correlated errors in experiments under different N conditions.
Dr. Novel missense variant L46Q of fatty acid synthase gene and fatty acids content in Awassi sheep
Authors: Al-Thuwaini Tahreer Mohammed , Aqeel Kareem Zahraa
Published: July 2022

This study was conducted to investigate the association between the polymorphism of the FASN gene with fatty acid content in Awassi sheep. A total of 100 male Awassi sheep between the ages of one and two and a half years old were used in this study. Phenotypic measurement was recorded at slaughter, and from each animal, the longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle samples were taken to analyze the fatty acid profile. Genotyping, sequencing reactions, and in silico tools were performed to confirm the variants in amplified fragments. The result of genotyping revealed two genotypes (AA and AB) of the ovine FASN gene (exon 3). Novel SNP (L46Q) was discovered only within the FASN gene (AB genotype). All utilized in silico tools revealed remarkably deleterious effects for the L46Q on the mutant protein structure, function, and stability. Association analysis revealed that the AB genotype has significantly (p < 0.05) higher levels of animal length and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) with lower amounts of saturated fatty acids (SFA) content than the AA genotype. In conclusion, novel SNP (L46Q) was discovered within the FASN gene (AB genotype), made the animals that has the AB genotype associated with good meat quality traits and this polymorphism may serve as markers for meat quality.
Native legumes and spineless cactus in supplementation of goats grazing in Caatinga rangeland: intake, performance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality
Authors: Oliveira Liberato Lins de , Maior Junior Rinaldo José de Souto , Cavalcanti Nathallia de Medeiros , Cardoso Daniel Barros , Morais Jasiel Santos de , Magalhães André Luiz Rodrigues , Melo Airon Aparecido Silva de , Silva Dulciene Karla de Andrade
Published: July 2022

The study evaluated the performance, carcass characteristics, tissue composition, and meat quality of goats raised on pasture in the Caatinga rangeland supplemented with Leucena (Leucaena leucocephala) and Sabiá (Mimosa caesapiniifolia) hays associated or not with spineless cactus (Nopalea cochenillifera), and without supplementation. Thirty male castrated goats, no defined breed, with an average body weight of 15.5 kg ± 0.64 were used, distributed in a randomized block design, according to the initial weight of the animals. The experimental period lasted 105 days. The highest intake of DM, OM and CP occurred in the animals supplemented with Leucena hay associated or not with spineless cactus. The intake of NDF was higher (p <0.05) for animals fed only with Leucena and Sabiá hays. The highest intake of TDN was observed for diets, only grazing, and hays associated with spineless cactus. The daily weight gain for goats fed with Leucena hay and spineless cactus was 68.5% higher (p <0.05) than on grazing alone. Consequently, they obtained the highest (p <0.05) weights and yields of carcasses, shoulder, loin, and leg cuts, conformation and finishing scores, leg muscle index, and % fat in the leg of goats. The meat quality did not differ. The supplementation with Leucena hay associated with spineless cactus improves performance, weights, and yields of the carcass, commercial cuts, leg muscle of goats grazing in the Caatinga rangeland.
Current Trends of Big Data Research Using the Korean National Health Information Database
Authors: Kim Mee Kyoung , Han Kyungdo , Lee Seung-Hwan
Published: July 2022

Recently, medical research using big data has become very popular, and its value has become increasingly recognized. The Korean National Health Information Database (NHID) is representative of big data that combines information obtained from the National Health Insurance Service collected for claims and reimbursement of health care services and results obtained from general health examinations provided to all Korean adults. This database has several strengths and limitations. Given the large size, various laboratory data, and questionnaires obtained from medical check-ups, their longitudinal nature, and long-term accumulation of data since 2002, carefully designed studies may provide valuable information that is difficult to obtain from other forms of research. However, consideration of possible bias and careful interpretation when defining causal relationships is also important because the data were not collected for research purposes. After the NHID became publicly available, research and publications based on this database have increased explosively, especially in the field of diabetes and metabolism. This article reviews the history, structure, and characteristics of the Korean NHID. Recent trends in big data research using this database, commonly used operational diagnosis, and representative studies have been introduced. We expect further progress and expansion of big data research using the Korean NHID.
Extract and Simple Explanation on the Principles of Taiji Studies
Authors: Xu Feng , Xiao Bin , Qian Weili
Published: July 2022

Taiji studies are a field of study that has its roots in the philosophical thought of the Yi Jing or Book of changes. It integrates the self-cultivation traditions of Confucianism, Buddhism, and Daoism, and centers its academic system mostly on the perspective of the “states view” (jing jie guan). From the standpoint of its philosophical theory, Taiji studies divide the understanding of Dao into three theoretical states: the state of existence (you jie), the state of existence-nonexistence (you wu jie), and the state of nonexistence (wu jie). It also establishes a theoretical structure that mainly includes “three states and nine axioms,” “One Dao and Nine theory sections,” and “Three practice levels and Nine secrets.”Based on traditional Chinese culture and philosophy, Taiji studies are continuously integrating the essence of them for better understanding and raising, and finally set up a rational school of Taiji Da Dao.
Understanding of He Hongfang’s Prescription (何鸿舫方)
Authors: Quan Jin
Published: July 2022

He Hongfang (何鸿舫), a medical scholar in the Qing Dynasty, was the 24th descendant of He's family in Jiangnan Region. He was famous in Shanghai during the reign of Tongzhi and Guangxu for his medicine and calligraphy. This article introduces two frames of prescriptions of He Hongfang in the Shanghai Museum of Traditional Chinese Medicine for appreciation.
Acupuncture Mechanism, Applications, and Future Development
Authors: Qu Jiayao
Published: July 2022

Researches about ancient needling, technique, have been made for many decades, whereas the results are discrepant. People tried to use modern science to explore thoroughly about the real structure of acupuncture functions. Much more progress has been made than the last century. This review summarized some of the most prevailed theories about the mechanisms of acupuncture and their common applications. And lastly, this article discussed the future development for acupuncture.
How to Become a Good Healer in Chinese Medicine?
Authors: Lorenzen Udo
Published: July 2022

Today, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is a relatively new product of the People's Republic of China. About 1950 Chairman Mao aimed atthe standardization and simplification of many traditional medical schools to guarantee a stable health care for the population. As academic exchange between east and west increased during the last 60 years, TCM appears today more and more as the “real” and “old” Chinese medicine. But is that really the case? There is a famous saying in China: Medicine is also idea (医者意也Yi Zhe Yi Ye), so what are the ideas about a good healer? In my article I try to find it out. Searching through the old classical books, there are some good ideas about a good healer, especially in the Ling Shu (《灵枢》Spiritual Pivot). The root of all is the spirit (神Shen). There are many other requirements to be a good healer, but without a stable Shen, no treatment can really touches the cause of the disease!
Anatomical mining method of cervical nerve root syndrome under visual sensing technology
Authors: Wu Xianghua
Published: July 2022

INTRODUCTION:  The gray resolution of anatomical image of cervical nerve root syndrome is low, that can not be mined accurately. OBJECTIVES: Aiming at the defect of low gray resolution of anatomical images, an image mining method using visual perception technology was studied. METHODS: According to the visual perception technology, the internal parameter matrix and external parameter matrix of binocular visual camera were determined by coordinate transformation, and the anatomical images of cervical nerve root syndrome were collected. The collected images are smoothed and enhanced by nonlinear smoothing algorithm and multi-scale nonlinear contrast enhancement method. The directional binary simple descriptor method is selected to extract the features of the enhanced image; Using K-means clustering algorithm, the anatomical image mining of cervical nerve root syndrome is completed by obtaining the initial clustering center and image mining. RESULTS: Experimental results show that the information entropy of the images mined by the proposed method is higher than 5, the average gradient is greater than 7, the edge information retention is greater than 0.7, the peak signal-to-noise ratio is higher than 30 dB, and the similarity of the same category of images is greater than 0.9. CONCLUSIONS: This method can effectively mine the anatomical images of cervical nerve root syndrome and provide an important basis for the diagnosis and treatment of cervical nerve root syndrome.
Un nuevo escenario cibercomunicativo: la cobertura de deportes electrónicos en las televisiones públicas de Europa
Authors: Fieiras Ceide César , Túñez López Miguel , Maroto González Isaac
Published: July 2022

Introducción: La investigación examina la cobertura de deportes electrónicos por parte de las radiotelevisiones públicas europeas, prestando especial atención a sus contenidos principales, formatos producidos, dimensión y estructura de los equipos de trabajo, rutinas y perfiles profesionales, canales y estrategias de distribución, así como a las previsiones y retos de futuro que se esperan en el sector. Metodología: Se realiza un seguimiento online de la actividad de los medios de servicio público (PSM en inglés) con respecto a los ciberdeportes y se contacta con 16 de estas corporaciones europeas para determinar una muestra intencional de estudios de caso. A partir de sus aportaciones se deciden efectuar entrevistas en profundidad semiestructuradas con método Delphi a los responsables de los proyectos RTP Arena, Yle eSports y SVT eSports; así como un análisis descriptivo con lectura horizontal y vertical de sus plataformas, contenidos más representativos y redes sociales. Resultados. Se identifican dos bloques dentro del PSM: un grupo de corporaciones que incluyen a los deportes electrónicos en su agenda mediática, limitando su actividad a la cobertura informativa; y otro en el que introducen a los e-sports en su programación y generan plataformas adhoc de contacto con nuevas audiencias, más jóvenes. Globalmente se detecta una migración progresiva de las televisiones públicas hacia plataformas de terceros y medios sociales, con prestaciones en términos tecnológicos, de interactividad e interconectividad. Discusión y conclusiones. El interés creciente de las radiotelevisiones públicas en los e-sports choca con la dificultad de contratar nuevos profesionales para potenciar estos servicios, y con la incerteza de determinar quién asumirá estas nuevas funciones. La calidad técnica y narrativa de los contenidos se mantiene en una escala ascendente, y las comunidades de usuarios generadas en torno a ellos se enriquecen constantemente en términos cualitativos y cuantitativos.
The COVANOS trial – insight into post-COVID olfactory dysfunction and the role of smell training
Authors: Lechner M. , Liu J. , Counsell N. , Gillespie D. , Chandrasekharan D. , Ta N.H. , Jumani K. , Gupta R. , Rao-Merugumala S. , Rocke J. , Williams C. , Tetteh A. , Amnolsingh R. , Khwaja S. , Batterham R.L. , Yan C.H. , Treibel T.A. , Moon J.C. , Woods J. , Brunton R. , Boardman J. , Paun S. , Eynon-Lewis N. , Kumar B.N. , Jayaraj S. , Hopkins C. , Philpott C. , Lund V.J.
Published: July 2022

Background: Olfactory dysfunction is a cardinal symptom of COVID-19 infection, however, studies assessing long-term olfactory dysfunction are limited and no randomised-controlled trials (RCTs) of early olfactory training have been conducted. Methodology: We conducted a prospective, multi-centre study consisting of baseline psychophysical measurements of smell and taste function. Eligible participants were further recruited into a 12-week RCT of olfactory training versus control (safety information). Patient-reported outcomes were measured using an electronic survey and BSIT at baseline and 12 weeks. An additional 1-year follow-up was open to all participants. Results: 218 individuals with a sudden loss of sense of smell of at least 4-weeks were recruited. Psychophysical smell loss was observed in only 32.1%; 63 participants were recruited into the RCT. The absolute difference in BSIT improvement after 12 weeks was 0.45 higher in the intervention arm. 76 participants completed 1-year follow-up; 10/19 (52.6%) of participants with an abnormal baseline BSIT test scored below the normal threshold at 1-year, and 24/29 (82.8%) had persistent parosmia. Conclusions: Early olfactory training may be helpful, although our findings are inconclusive. Notably, a number of individuals who completed the 1-year assessment had persistent smell loss and parosmia at 1-year. As such, both should be considered important entities of long-Covid and further studies to improve management are highly warranted.
Mechanisms of anti-hypertensive activity of methanol leaf extract and fractions of Persea americana Mill. (Lauraceae) in rats
Authors: Badejo J.A , Michael O.S. , Adetona M.O. , Abdulmalik O. , Agbebi E. , Iwalewa E.O. , Fagbemi O.S.
Published: July 2022

Background: Persea americana has been identified to possess antihypertensive properties, but the mechanisms of these properties remain unclear. This study was thus designed to elucidate the mechanisms of anti-hypertensive activity of the extract and fractions of fresh leaf of Persea americana on hypertension induced in rats.Methods: Crude methanol leaf extract of P. americana was partitioned into n-butanol, dichloromethane, chloroform, hexane and ethyl acetate. The ethyl acetate fraction was further purified through column chromatography. Doses of the extract and column fraction were tested for contraction on rat isolated thoracic rings and for in vitro angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitory activities. The test doses were further evaluated for anti-hypertensive activities on noradrenaline- and L-NAME-induced hypertension as well as atherogenic index in hyperlipidemic rats. Effects were compared with control values via one-way analysis of variance using GraphPad® version 8.0 softwareResults: P. americana leaf methanol extract and ethyl acetate column fraction 3 reduced the contractile effect of noradrenaline significantly (p < 0.001) in the isolated thoracic aortic rings through intact endothelium-mediated mechanism(s). The test doses also exhibited in vitro angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitory activities similar to that of captopril. Additionally, ethyl acetate column fraction 3 also reduced the hypertensive effect of L-NAME- induced hypertension by 23%Conclusion: Persea americana methanol leaf extract and ethyl acetate column fraction 3 exhibited significant reductions in all the tested parameters of L-NAME and noradrenaline-induced hypertension most probably through inhibition of vascular alpha adrenoceptors, angiotensin converting enzyme and amelioration of dyslipidemia.
Time Elapsed For Switching From Oral Antidiabetic Therapy to Insulin Therapy in Type 2 Diabetic Patients and Evaluation of The Factors Affecting This Period
Authors: ARSLAN Kadem , BOYOGLU Ahmet , TEMİZEL Mustafa
Published: July 2022

Background We aimed to determine the time elapsed for switching from oral antidiabetic therapy to insulin therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and the factors that affect this period.

Material and Methods Three hundred fifteen patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who were followed up in the diabetes outpatient clinic were included in the study. The gender, education level, age of onset of diabetes, presence of hypertension, smoking and body mass index of the patients were examined, and the effects of these variables on time elapsed for switching to insulin therapy were analyzed in three phases.

Results Three hundred fifteen patients (117 males, 198 females) were enrolled in the study. The mean time elapsed for switching from oral antidiabetic therapy to insulin therapy was 9.93±6.67 years. The effects of education level, age at the onset of diabetes, presence of hypertension, and body mass index on time elapsed for switching to insulin therapy were found to be statistically significant (p0.05). The time elapsed for switching to insulin therapy shortened as the education level, the age at the onset of diabetes, and body mass index level increased. It was found that hypertension in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus prolongs the time elapsed for switching to insulin therapy.

Conclusion The body mass index level, presence of hypertension, education level and age at the onset of diabetes were the significant factors affecting the time elapsed for switching to insulin therapy.
Painless cervical lymphadenopathy in an elderly patient – a rare case of Rosai-Dorfman disease and Hodgkin's lymphoma
Authors: TAN Shi Ying , TELİSİNGHE Pemasiri Upali , KEASBERRY Justin Fook Siong
Published: July 2022

Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD) is a rare, benign disease with extensive lymphadenopathy. In this case, an 81-year-old gentleman with previous pulmonary tuberculosis presented painless cervical lymphadenopathy associated with generalized weakness, loss of appetite, and cough. The causes of cervical lymphadenopathy in the elderly are comprehensive; thorough history, examination, and appropriate investigations are vital in diagnosing diseases. A lymph node biopsy is recommended if blood investigations and imaging are inconclusive. He was later diagnosed with RDD associated with Hodgkin’s lymphoma, and dexamethasone treatment was initiated. Concomitant diagnoses are rare but should not be disregarded. This case report is a reminder that RDD remains a differential diagnosis of cervical lymphadenopathy. Regular monitoring is required as immune dysregulation from the treatment of RDD may exacerbate quiescently treated pulmonary tuberculosis.
GRAFT COPOLYMERIZATION OF DEXTRIN ONTO CONCENTRATED NATURAL RUBBER FOR THE PRODUCTION OF BABY FEEDER TEAT.
Authors: Maduagwu R. A. , Omotade E. T. , David M. K.
Published: July 2022

In this work, dextrin was copolymerized with Concentrated Natural Rubber Latex (CNRL) to produce a polymeric product (Baby feeder teat) which is a dipping good. The chemical method of grafting was implored, and benzoyl peroxide was used as the initiator. The coagulant method of dipping was used in the production of the baby feeder teat. The effect of concentration of dextrin (A = 5.0 %, B = 7.5 %, C = 10.0 % and D = 12.5 %) was investigated by observing the mechanical properties such as weight, elongation at break and thickness of the samples. Also, comparison was made between samples produced from CNRL and grafted natural rubber latex (GNRL). The results for weight were: CNRL=1.992, GNRL A=2.427, GNRL B=2.560, GNRL C=2.594, GNRL D=3.313 while % elongation was 802.85%, 871.43%, 1000%, 1005% and 1100% for Pure NRL, Grafted sample A, B, C and D respectively. The thickness results: CNRL= 1.30 mm, 0.93 mm, 0.72 mm; GNRL A=1.44 mm, 1.15 mm, 0.91 mm; GNRL B= 1.67 mm, 1.45 mm, 1.34 mm; GNRL C=1.75 mm, 1.50 mm, 1.48 mm and GNRL D=1.84 mm, 1 73 mm, 169 mm) showed increase in the GNRL when compared to the CNRL as well as corresponding increase in GNRL with increased concentrations. From the results, it is obvious that the presence of dextrin in CNRL enhanced the properties of CNRL.
PRELIMINARY aTOXICOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION OF ENTADA PURSAETHA SEED OIL
Authors: Ajayi I. A. , Adejumo O. E. , Taiwo V. O.
Published: July 2022

High density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL) and triglyceride (TG) are collectively referred as lipids; their levels could be modified by the type and amount of oil in human diet. In this study, Entada pursaetha seed oil (EPO) was evaluated for its toxicity status in order to determine its suitability/potential for human diet. Oil from E. pursaetha seeds used for this study was extracted with n-hexane. Fifteen wistar rats, distributed into three groups of five rats each, were fed with groundnut oil diet (positive control group), EPO diet (test group) and normal rat diet (control group) for eight weeks after which the animals were sacrificed. During the study period, clinical observation of the rats were noted, body weight of the rats was taken on a weekly basis while haematological analysis of the blood and histopathological evaluation of the heart of the rats were carried out at the end of the study. Clinical observation of the rats revealed that the rats did not show any untoward signs throughout the study period. Body weight increase of the rats was found to be steady and no mortality of any of the rats was recorded for all the groups. There was no significant difference in the haematological analysis result for the blood of the rats in the test and control groups and none of them was anaemic; this is nutritionally significant. The result of the histopathological analysis of the heart of the rats for total cholesterol and triglyceride indicated that rats fed with EPO had higher total cholesterol and triglyceride than the control group rats. EPO seemingly has potential of serving nutritional purposes but must be subjected to refining before this can probably be possible. It can however find very wide application industrially.
SODIUM DODECYL SULPHATE MODIFIED IRON FILINGS FOR THE REMOVAL OF NAPHTHOL-AS DYE POLLUTANT FROM AQUEOUS ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Ngwu C. M , Odih C. , Ahuchaogu A. A. , Ufearoh S. M
Published: July 2022

This study investigates the removal of naphthol-AS dye from aqueous solutions by SDS-modified adsorbents under various experimental conditions. Results imply that the adsorption process was highly pH-dependent and optimum pH for adsorption occurred at 6.0, having maximum removal efficiency of 91 %. Adsorption of Naphthol-AS on the adsorbent fitted better into the second order kinetic model and maximum adsorption capacity was found to be 4.803mg g−1. Equilibrium isotherms were best described by Langmuir isotherm with high-correlation coefficient value. The results of the study infer that SDS-modified iron filing is a promising adsorbent for the removal of dyes from wastewater.
BIOORGANOMETALLIC FERROQUINE AND RELATED COMPOUNDS AS ANTIMALARIAL CHEMOTHERAPEUTIC AGENTS: A SHORT REVIEW
Authors: Abubakar T. A. , Eke U. B. , Salisu A.
Published: July 2022

Drug resistant Plasmodium falciparum is a major threat to global health. Eradicating the parasite in endemic regions, especially sub-Saharan Africa is daunting. Milestones and a general target of 2030 have been set for this. However, funding and disruptions due to Ebola virus disease epidemic and COVID-19 pandemic are some of the cog in the wheel of the malaria eradication program. The recent WHO approval of the first malaria vaccine is a hope raiser and is expected to merely catalyze the eradication effort. Chemoprevention is a key malaria eradication strategy. Ferroquine, an organometallic chloroquine-ferrocene conjugate with effective antimalarial properties is capable of overcoming resistant strains and restoring chloroquine antimalarial properties. It has a novel mechanism of action. Like chloroquine, it forms complex with Fe(III)PPIX, strongly inhibit ß-hematin formation and drug accumulation in the acidic digestive vacuole. ferroquine is more lipophilic at cytosolic pH and cannot be pumped out of digestive vacuole thereby evading the chloroquine resistance mechanism. Clinical trials showed the drug candidate to be safe and tolerable. The ferroquine molecule can be conveniently synthesized via a reductive amination reaction involving a condensation of 7-chloroquinolin-4-amine and amino ferrocenyl aldehyde in a single stage procedure. It is well characterized. Studies revealed that covalently bonded chloroquine-ferrocene is responsible for the molecule's efficacy against P. falciparum. The pure chloroquine or ferrocene moieties are less active. Structural adjustments in amino group side chain, changes in position of the ferrocenyl organometallic group, substituting the Fe with other bioactive metals (Ru, Rh, Os) and substituting chloroquine for other organic molecules with antimalarial properties, all resulted in analogues with potent antimalarial properties similar to or better than chloroquine but not as effective as ferroquine.
EVALUATION OF THE EFFICIENCY OF EGGSHELL ASH AS PHOTOCATALYST FOR DECOLOURISATION OF AZO DYE USING SOLAR UTRA-VIOLET RADIATION
Authors: Osarumwense J. O. , Salokun O. , Udoka C. H. , Chris-Abey F.
Published: July 2022

Water pollution is one of the environmental challenges to be surmounted to avoid global public health hazard. Due to the complex chemical structure, azo dyes in industrial effluent have a long shelf life and are toxic to aquatic creatures even at low quantities. In this study, the decolourisation of azo dye, methylene blue (MB) using locally sourced photocatalyst, eggshell ash (ESA) under solar ultra-violet (UV) radiation was investigated. In order to test the photo-activities of ESA, a similar study was performed without sunlight. ESA was characterised using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Maximum decolourisation efficiencies (96% with sunlight and 77% without sunlight) were recorded at contact time of 120 minutes and 1.5 g/dm3 of catalyst. The data obtained were fitted into kinetics models and adsorption isotherms. According to the findings, pseudo-second order kinetics model best described the process with rate constant of 0.1529 g/mg.min and regression value, R2 of 0.9934. Intra-particle diffusion model showed that the uptake of MB was more of film diffusion than the intra-particle diffusion. The adsorption isotherm fitted better into Langmuir isotherm with adsorption capacity of 0.0213 dm3/mg and R2 of 0.9957, while the Temkin isotherm indicates that the process was a physical adsorption as the heat of sorption value (0.0015 Kcal./mol.) was less than 1.0 kcal/mol. Generally, the study revealed that ESA was a suitable photocatalyst for the decolourisation of azo dyes under solar UV rays.
NICKEL OXIDE NANOPARTICLES BIOSYNTHESIZED WITH Moringa Oleifera LEAVES EXTRACTS: SPECTROSCOPIC AND ELECTROCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION AND APPLICATION IN THE DETECTION OF Escherichia Coli O157:H7
Authors: Mamuru S. A. , Zedekiah C. , Eseyin A. E. , Djieyep C. N. A. , Filgona Joel
Published: July 2022

Metal nanoparticle synthesis using plant extracts has gained a lot of attention because of its ease-of-use, environmental friendliness and simplicity. In this study, nickel nanoparticles were synthesized using an aqueous extract of Moringa oleifera leaves in a one-step synthesis technique. The formation of nickel nanoparticles was confirmed using UV-visible spectroscopy, XRD, SEM and EDS, and FTIR spectroscopy showed that these nickel nanoparticles may be reduced to nickel chloride by biomolecules that have an amide and phenolic structure. The electrochemical activity of synthesized nickel nanoparticles is revealed further by electrochemical characterization using cyclic voltammetry; preliminary study on electrochemical detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7 shows an increased current response in the presence of nickel nanoparticles, which could be attributed to nickel nanoparticles rupturing the Escherichia coli cell membrane. This finding suggests that nickel nanoparticles could be used to detect E. coli O157:H7 directly.
GREEN WASTE DERIVED ALKALI FOR REMEDIATION APPLICATION IN HEAVY METALS CONTAMINATED GROUNDWATER AND ITS KINETICS EVALUATION
Authors: Akpoveta O.V. , Arigbede J. , Obielumani J.O
Published: July 2022

The production of high purity alkali that can be sourced from green wastes (plantain peels) as an alternative remediation option that is effective, efficient, environmental friendly and less expensive for the treatment of heavy metal contaminated groundwater constitutes the focus of this study. High purity alkali was produced from plantain peels using standard methods to give a yield of 89.72%, with the potash predominantly potassium carbonate. Groundwater was contaminated with 5% Zn, Cu, Pb, Mn, Ni and Fe from their respective metal salts by 10% simulation. pH and heavy metal analysis were done using standard methods. Heavy metals contaminated groundwater was treated by precipitation with the alkali produced after appropriate optimization process. Optimization of pH for effective remediation showed optimum precipitation efficiency at a pH of 10 for all metals. Treatment of the simulated groundwater gave remediation efficiencies of 88.24%, 91.05%, 85.45% and 90.44% for Zn, Cu, Ni and Mn removal respectively, after 12hours treatment period at pH ranges of 8.1-10. While those of Pb and Fe were found as 89.77% and 95.15% respectively, after same treatment period at pH ranges of 7.85-10; which were within the minimal pH values required for metal precipitation. Precipitation processes all followed zero order kinetics with zero order rate constants of 1.242 µg/lhr-1, 0.933 µg/lhr-1, 0.493 µg/lhr-1 0.608 µg/lhr-1, 0.157 µg/lhr-1 and 3.411 µg/lhr-1 for the removal of Zn, Cu, Pb, Mn, Ni and Fe respectively from the treated groundwater. Half life for the remediation processes were found as 6hours 24minutes, 6hours 21minutes, 7hours 22seconds, 6hours 22minutes 12 seconds, 6hours 44minutes 24 seconds and 6hours 24minutes 22 seconds for the removal of Zn, Cu, Ni, Mn, Pb, and Fe respectively from the treated groundwater. The time required for complete precipitation and removal of the metals to zero metal concentration was found to be 12 hours 48minutes 36 seconds, 12 hours 42minutes, 14 hours 36 seconds, 12 hours 43minutes 48 seconds, 13 hours 30minutes and 12 hours 48minutes 36 seconds for Zn, Cu, Ni, Mn, Pb, and Fe respectively. Significant differences at 95% confidence limit (p ≤ 0.05) were statistically observed when the initial metal concentrations were compared to residual metal concentrations left after treatment, showing the efficacy of the treatment process. The use of potash alkali locally sourced from green waste in wastewater remediation for heavy metals is seen to be quite fast, cost effective, efficient and viable, thus providing a viable alternative for remediation experts in this regard.