bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Replicated DNA methylation differences between stick insect ecotypes
Authors: Carvalho Clarissa de , Slate Jon , Villoutreix Romain , Soria-Carrasco Víctor , Riesch Rüdiger , Feder Jeff , Gompert Zachariah , Nosil Patrik
Published: June 2023

Epigenetic mechanisms, such as DNA methylation, can influence gene
regulation and affect phenotypic variation, raising the possibility that
they contribute to ecological adaptation. To being to address this issue
requires high-resolution sequencing studies of natural populations to
pinpoint epigenetic regions of potential ecological and evolutionary
significance. However, such studies are still relatively uncommon,
especially in insects, and are mainly restricted to a few model
organisms. Here, we characterize patterns of DNA methylation for natural
populations of Timema cristinae adapted to two host plant species (i.e.,
ecotypes). By integrating results from sequencing of whole
transcriptomes, genomes, and methylomes, we investigate whether
environmental, host, and genetic differences of these stick insects are
associated with methylation levels of cytosine nucleotides in CpG
context. We report an overall genome-wide methylation level for T.
cristinae of ~14%, being enriched in gene bodies and
impoverished in repetitive elements. Genome-wide DNA methylation
variation was strongly positively correlated with genetic distance
(relatedness), but also exhibited significant host-plant effects. Using
methylome-environment association analysis, we pinpointed specific
genomic regions that are differentially methylated between ecotypes,
with these regions being enriched for genes with functions in membrane
processes. The observed association between methylation variation with
genetic relatedness and the ecologically-important variable of host
plant suggest a potential role for epigenetic modification in T.
cristinae adaptation. To substantiate such adaptive significance, future
studies could test if methylation has a heritable component and the
extent to which it responds to experimental manipulation in field and
laboratory studies.
Inference of assortative mating and selection on heterozygotes from multi-locus gene families.
Authors: O'Reilly Gabe , Manlik Oliver , Vardeh Sandra , Sinclair Jennifer , Lawler Zachary , Sherwin William
Published: June 2023

1. The fixation index, FIS has been a staple measure to detect selection
or departures from random mating in populations. However, current Next
Generation Sequencing (NGS) cannot easily estimate Fis, in multi-locus
gene families, which contain multiple loci having similar or identical
arrays of variant sequences of ≥1 kilobase, which differ at multiple
positions. In these families, high-quality short-read NGS data typically
identify variants, but not the genomic location, which is required to
calculate Fis (based on locus-specific observed and expected
heterozygosity). Thus, to assess assortative mating, or selection on
heterozygotes, from NGS of multi-locus gene families, we need a method
that does not require knowledge of which variants are allelic at which
locus in the genome. 2. We developed such a method. Like Fis, our novel
measure, 1His, is based on the principle that positive assortative
mating, or selection against heterozygotes, reduces within-individual
variability relative to the population. 3. We demonstrate high accuracy
of 1His on a wide-range of simulated scenarios, and two datasets from
natural populations of penguins and dolphins. 4. 1His is important
because multi-locus gene families are often involved in assortative
mating, or selection on heterozygotes. 1His is particularly useful for
multi-locus gene families such as toll-like receptors, the
major-histocompatibility-complex in animals, homeobox genes in fungi and
self-incompatibility genes in plants.
Reinventing Islam, Sublating Modernity: A Conflict of Enlightenments
Authors: Ganjipour Anoush
Published: June 2023

The present paper aims to show how the return to Islam initially conceived by Muslim reformists has not been simply a conflictual reaction to the secular ideology sustaining modernity, but rather an effort to transform Islam into a religion within modernity. It argues that this return has in fact been a major paradigm shift within the theologico-political discourse of Islamic tradition and that it is this very shift that led to the reformation of this religion. In this perspective, this study shows how the reactivation of sharia by reformist thinkers did not mean a rejection of the Islamic intellectual tradition, but it was precisely the result of the encounter between this tradition and the modern social sciences. The paper then reconstructs the dialogue between Muslim reformists and 19th-century European thinkers, dialogue which was crucial in shaping Islamic reformation. It shows to what extent reformed Islam was a response of Muslim reformers to the diagnosis of the project of modernity made by European reformist thinkers such as François Guizot or Auguste Comte. Through their confrontation, the paper develops a comparison between the theoretical backdrop of European modernity and the premises of Islamic reformation as two alternative conceptions of the Enlightenment project. By discussing Kant, Foucault, Habermas and Koselleck’s thesis on the historical and philosophical roots of the European Enlightenment, this study ultimately seeks to understand in which way the theological structure of Islam has led the project of the Islamic Enlightenment in an analogous but fairly differentiated direction.
Slicing Up Eyeballs: The Criminal Underworlds of Nicolas Winding Refn
Authors: Wilson M. Blake
Published: June 2023

From Buñuel and Dali’s Un Chien Andalou to recent works by Danish filmmaker Nicolas Winding Refn, the cinematic destruction of the eye has become iconic due to its striking effect upon film spectators’ visceral experiences as well as its ability to influence their symbolic or fetishistic desires. By exploiting the natural discomfort and disgust produced by these types of images and then situating them within an aesthetic and psychoanalytic framework, Refn and other filmmakers provide a visual showcase for a unique type of cinematic violence, one which demands that viewers reappraise the value of their own eyes as well as the values which reflect social attitudes towards law enforcement, crime, and justice.
Haneke, Moral Violence and Morbid Curiosity
Authors: Cox Damian , Levine Michael P.
Published: June 2023

This paper contrasts two forms of violence depicted in film: entertainment violence and moral violence. To a first approximation, moral violence is a form of interpersonal aggression aimed at causing moral injury. We claim that what distinguishes entertainment violence from moral violence is that entertainment violence is a satisfying or fitting object of morbid curiosity. Moral violence typically isn’t such a thing. We explore how moral violence works in two films of Michael Haneke: Funny Games (1997, 2007) and The White Ribbon (2009).
Purgation or Purification: Violence in Post-Apocalyptic Television as Aristotle’s Catharsis
Authors: Ratzlaff Christine M.
Published: June 2023

Aristotle offers us a way to deal with potential tragedy in our lives by viewing it through the process of catharsis, which releases our fears through either purgation or purification. After a detailed account of Aristotle’s catharsis, I demonstrate both functions by applying the theory to three post-apocalyptic television programs: The Walking Dead, The 100, and Zoo, evaluating catharsis in the face of physical dangers, social threats, fear of the “other,” and fear of advancing technology, among other concerns. I also evaluate whether these programs simply normalize violence for the viewing audience.
Game of Drones: On the Moral Significance of Deception in Modern Sport Hunting
Authors: von Essen Erica , Allen Michael , Tickle Lara
Published: June 2023

The seeming absence of mutual consent in interspecies sports makes it difficult to justify non-human animals participating on equal terms with humans in for example sport hunting. Nevertheless, hunted animals might appear to be ‘playing the game’ to the extent they resort to counter-deceptions, which often fool the hunters or their dogs. In this paper, we consider whether counter-deception by hunted animals is evidence that they are not playing the hunter’s game at all, or rather playing a different serious game of survival, one in which they repudiate the role of ‘worthy opponent’ instead by playing the role of trickster-resistors.
Conflict and Violence in Neoplatonism: From Cosmic Justice to Cognitive Step
Authors: Tresnie Corentin
Published: June 2023

While Neoplatonists have little to say on the topic of conflict and violence in their ethics or political philosophy, they use these concepts in order to discuss other issues. Plotinus considers violence as a way of testing one’s alignment with the cosmic order set by Providence. Porphyry and Iamblichus shift the emphasis to withdrawal from the body and universal cosmodicy, neutralizing the special role of violence. Proclus walks in their footsteps, but also gives a new epistemological meaning to conflict: civil war within the soul is a necessary condition for learning and doing philosophy.
#MeToo, #BalanceTonPorc, the Feminist Rape-Revenge Film in the 2010s and Coralie Fargeat’s Revenge
Authors: Ince Kate
Published: June 2023

This article brings together essays on revenge by philosophers Simone de Beauvoir and Emmanuel Levinas with the rape-revenge film genre through a detailed reading of French director Coralie Fargeat’s first feature film Revenge (2017). It also links the film’s presentation of rape and violence to the #MeToo movement and how it played out in France under the #BalanceTonPorc hashtag and suggests that the leading protagonist of Revenge Jen (Mathilda Lutz) may be considered as an example of the twenty-first century version of horror’s “Final Girl” first theorized by Carol Clover in the 1980s.
A Case of Tinea pseudoimbricata Caused by Microsporum Audouinii
Authors: Shabaka Fatma Hassan
Published: June 2023

Tinea pseudoimbricata has morphological similarity to Tinea imbricata which is characterized by multiple concentric rings, but it is caused by dermatophytes other than Trichophyton Concentricum. We report a case of tinea pseudoimbricata caused by Microsporum Audounii that presented with multiple concentric scaly annular erythema. The most common clinical presentation of pseudoimbricata was tinea corporis followed by Tinea cruris. However, tinea imbricate-like lesions are very rare. Tinea pseudoimbricata is considered a unique sub-type of Tinea incognito which caused by inappropriate use of topical steroid. Both Fungal culture and microscopic findings confirmed Microsporum Audouinii infection in this case. The patient was treated with oral terbinafine according to culture and antifungal sensitivity testing at a dose of 250 mg/day for 8 weeks.
A Descriptive Study of Knowledge and Perception regarding Reproductive Health among Female Adults at selected colleges of Bihar
Authors: Kazi Fauzia Jawaid
Published: June 2023

Introduction: A descriptive study to assess the knowledge and perception regarding reproductive health female adults at selected college of Bihar. The World Health Organisation define reproductive health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease and infirmity, in all matters relating to the reproductive system and to its function and processes. Objectives: Objective of the study were to assess the knowledge and perception of female adults, and to find out the association between the knowledge and socio-demographic variable. Methodology: Qualitative non-experimental design and convenient sampling technique was adopted to 124 female adults. The knowledge of female adults regarding reproductive health was assessed by using self-structured questionnaire. Results: The findings of the study result shows that majority of female belong to Hindu religion (90.3%), most of the female are in the age group of 17-19 years (52.4%), 71.8% females are from urban area, 54% females are living in nuclear family, majority are unmarried, majority of the females have source of information from other sources rather than mass media, social network, friends and teachers, 35.8% females belong to 3rd year. 90.3% females have good knowledge regarding reproductive health, 57.3% females have poor perception, 41.9% females have average perception and 0.8% good perception towards reproductive health. There is association between level of knowledge and religion. Conclusion: The study reveals that majority of the females had good knowledge but poor perception regarding reproductive health. There is an association between level of knowledge regarding reproductive health and religion of female adults.
Capacitación Profesional Para la Implementación de un Sistema Kanban-Tooling Para una Industria Automotriz
Authors: Zorrilla Briones Francisco , Meléndez Pastrana Inocente Yuliana , Rodríguez Morachis Manuel Alonso
Published: June 2023

El proyecto que se presenta se basa en el diseño y la capacitación para la implementación de un sistema de organización y mejora denominado Kanban. En una empresa de productos automotrices se implementó el Sistema de Tarjetas Kanban con el objetivo de agilizar el proceso y facilitar tanto el manejo del herramental como el control de las células de producción. Dado que el uso del Kanban es ampliamente conocido para la gestión de materiales de producción, este artículo muestra el Sistema de Tarjetas Kanban-Tooling que se utilizó para administrar el uso del herramental en el montaje necesario para 55 modelos distintos de productos trabajados en diversas células de producción. Se tomaron tiempos de montaje antes y después de la implementación del Sistema Kanban-Tooling. Para el estudio, se seleccionó una de las células de ensamble con tiempos prolongados, de modo que los resultados de los cambios implementados fueran extrapolables a celdas con tiempos más cortos. El análisis estadístico de estos tiempos indica que se logró una reducción significativa en el tiempo de preparación de la célula de producción.
Pengembangan Produk dan Kemasan Olahan Jahe pada UMKM Padukuhan Gedong
Authors: Budiyono Elizabeth Fiesta Clara Shinta
Published: June 2023

Dusun Gedong merupakan salah satu dusun yang terletak di Desa Sawahan, Kecamatan Ponjong, Kabupaten Gunungkidul, Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Kecamatan Ponjong sendiri memiliki total wilayah seluas 104,49 km2 dengan tinggi wilayah 258 mdpl yang didominasi oleh lereng dan lahan miring. Dusun Gedong sendiri memiliki beberapa potensi yang menjadi unggulannya, yaitu sumber mata air dan Kebun Bibit Desa (KBD). Kebun Bibit Desa (KBD) ini dikelola oleh Kelompok Wanita Tani (KWT) yang ada di sana dengan memanfaatkannya untuk menanam bibit jahe. Terdapat juga UMKM Bubuk Jahe Instan di Dusun Gedong yang dirasa masih kurang dalam hal pengembangan produk dan kemasan. Maka dari itu, penulis memutuskan untuk berfokus pada program kerja pengembangan produk dan kemasan UMKM Bubuk Jahe Instan Gedong yang kami lakukan dengan cara memberikan sosialisasi dan praktik memasak dengan harapan ke depannya UMKM ini mampu bersaing di pasar yang lebih luas. Melalui potensi yang digali oleh penulis, didapati hasil yang berupa laporan akhir kelompok dan buku elektronik yang diharapkan mampu bermanfaat bagi banyak pihak.
Penerapan Program SCORE pada UMKM di Yogyakarta
Authors: Putra Tegar Satya , Kurniawati Anggreni Dian
Published: June 2023

Banyak UMKM yang belum mempunyai daya saing yang berkelanjutan karena berbagai kendala internal seperti rendahnya pengetahuan dan kapabilitas sumber daya manusia. Kondisi ini diperparah dengan adanya pandemi Covid-19 sehingga diperlukan pendampingan UMKM untuk memastikan keberlanjutan UMKM. Tim pengabdian FBE UAJY, bekerjasama dengan Karya Dua Perempuan menyelenggarakan pendampingan program SCORE untuk UMKM di Yogyakarta dengan tujuan untuk meningkatkan produktivitas dan keadaan lingkungan kerja pada UMKM. Metode yang digunakan adalah pencampuran antara coaching (pembinaan) dan class lecture dengan pendekatan inquiry based. Berdasarkan hasil baseline assessment, UMKM binaan memiliki permasalahan mendasar yaitu kurang efektifnya komunikasi di tempat kerja dan lantai produksi yang berantakan dan tidak lean. UMKM binaan kemudian membuat EIP untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut dan hasil akhirnya, UMKM binaan mengalami perubahan signifikan dan dapat menyelesaikan permasalahan tersebut serta berdampak pada meningkatnya produktivitas. Selain itu, UMKM binaan juga telah mampu merapikan tempat kerja dan lantai produksinya sehingga tempat kerja menjadi lebih nyaman dan kondusif. Perubahan dan dampak positif yang didapatkan oleh UMKM binaan ini kemudian masih dilanjutkan oleh UMKM binaan, dengan kata lain, program ini berkelanjutan dan memiliki manfaat yang nyata bagi UMKM binaan.
Icebergs, Polar bears and Butterflies: A Study of Climate Change Imagery in Imagination
Authors: Anand S Silpa , Pius Dr. T K
Published: June 2023

Imagining climate change and incorporating it in literature is seen as an uphill task.  When the world is ravaged by the rapidly escalating climate change issues, literary imagination has been seen as a way of understanding and exploring the manifestations of climate change in culture and society. The paper intends to look into how iconic objects and images such as the ice, polar bears, butterflies, rising seas and erupting volcanoes form crucial and effective tools in depicting the implications of climate change.  Special focus will be given to the work Flight Behavior by Barbara Kingsolver but other works with significant representations of related motifs will also be dealt with.
Termination of powers and dismissal of judges of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine as an element of their constitutional and legal status
Authors: Nesterenko D.
Published: June 2023

The article is devoted to the study of certain aspects of the legal status of a judge of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine, which includes guarantees for ensuring his professional activity, which are currently updated in the order of termination of powers and dismissal, the definition of requirements for a person who has the right to occupy the position of a judge of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine, and how the result of the proper procedure for the appointment or election of a judge to the body of constitutional jurisdiction. The author considered the national constitutional legislation on the judicial system and the status of judges, in particular judges of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine, summarized the main scientific approaches to understanding the category "constitutional and legal status of judges of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine" and the main structural elements of the constitutional and legal status of judges of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine. The article analyzes the guarantees of the activity of a judge of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine, such as independence and inviolability. The list of grounds for the dismissal and termination of the powers of a judge of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine has been determined. The need to ensure the independence of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine, as a body of constitutional jurisdiction, taking into account the special constitutional and legal status of a judge of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine, its element as a guarantee of independence and inviolability, including in the aspect of termination of powers and dismissal of a judge of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine, for the application of due legal procedure to these persons, taking into account the principle of the rule of law, international standards and current constitutional norms. It has been identified as one of the urgent needs to establish, at the legislative level, what exactly constitutes a significant disciplinary offense, gross or systematic neglect of one's duties, which is incompatible with the status of a judge or has revealed his incompatibility with the position held, and to regulate the procedures for initiating the dismissal of a judge of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine on this basis. On the basis of the developed research materials and the analysis of national legislation and scientific sources, problematic aspects of the termination of powers and removal from the position of a judge of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine were clarified and possible ways of solving such problems were determined.
Ensuring the constitutional right to housing of internally displaced persons in Ukraine and countries that have experienced armed conflicts: comparative legal characteristics
Authors: Ryzhuk Yu.
Published: June 2023

The article is devoted to the analysis of the constitutional right to housing and its provision to internally displaced persons in Ukraine and countries that have experienced armed conflicts (using the example of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia and Georgia).

The article analyzes the content of the constitutional right to housing and its implementation in Ukraine. An analysis of the main regulatory legal acts is presented, according to which the procedure for implementing and ensuring this right of internally displaced persons is carried out. The system of such documents consists of: the Constitution of Ukraine; Law of Ukraine "On Ensuring the Rights and Freedoms of Internally Displaced Persons"; Housing Code of Ukraine; The procedure for the formation of housing funds intended for temporary residence, accounting and provision of such housing for temporary residence of internally displaced persons; The procedure and conditions for providing subvention from the state budget to local budgets for the purchase, construction of housing for the purpose of transfer for temporary residence of internally displaced persons and the Procedure for providing housing purchased by the State Youth Housing Department at the expense of humanitarian and other aid funds for temporary residence of affected persons.

Particular attention in the work is given to the analysis of the definition of internally displaced persons under the legislation of Ukraine and the countries whose practices are under consideration. It is argued that all the studied definitions justify the reason for the forced abandonment of a person's permanent place of residence and, as a general rule, such relocation occurs as a result of an armed conflict, due to military danger, a threat to the life of a person or a member of his family. The legal status of internally displaced persons in the countries under consideration is defined in relevant legal documents, such as: Law on Refugees from Bosnia and Herzegovina and Displaced Persons in Bosnia and Herzegovina; The Law on the Status of Displaced Persons and Refugees in the Republic of Croatia and the Law of Georgia on Internally Displaced Persons - Persecuted from the Occupied Territories of Georgia.

It is argued that the widespread practice of ensuring the housing rights of internally displaced persons is the provision of temporary housing and the construction of a new one, attracting funds from international funds.
Unfair terms in contracts involving consumers
Authors: Gargat І.
Published: June 2023

The article is devoted to the analysis of unfair terms in contracts with the participation of consumers, a practical problem that often occurs alongside the discussion of measures to strengthen the protection of consumer rights in Ukraine. The modern stage of the development of contract law involves the borrowing of the generally recognized in their effectiveness of the legislation of the EU countries.

The article analyzes the problem of unfair contract terms from the point of view of the legislation of EU countries and concludes that basing the strategy of economic growth on strengthening the protection of consumer rights is an effective legislative approach that is necessary for the future of Ukraine.

In the author's opinion, approaches to inseparability or limited severability of the terms of a consumer contract should provide for the opportunity for the consumer to separate from the unfair term of the contract or to amend the contract with an unfair term, if the invalidity of such a contract can cause irreparable damage to the consumer.

The author proposes to develop an agreed method of replacing unfair conditions based on the practice of alternative provisions and additional interpretations, which is widespread in the EU countries.

The article analyzes interdisciplinary studies that practically confirm the effectiveness of EU legislation in satisfying consumer rights and the effect that this strengthening has on subsidizing new markets of the economy.

As a result, it was established the need to raise the minimum level of consumer rights in Ukraine, since the gap that exists today between Ukraine and the EU in this matter will not allow our country to significantly strengthen its position in the internal European market.

In order to eliminate the problem of unfair conditions in contracts with the participation of consumers, which exists in the civil law of Ukraine, the author proposes to supplement the domestic legislation with the provisions of the articles based on the samples of the civil codes of the EU member states, which were analyzed by him in the text of the article, to develop a certain interpretation or an additional provision that will take the text of Directive 93/13/EEC as a basis, as well as change the existing approach to consumer rights protection in Ukraine.
Joint stock company’s transactions not endowed with a features of significant transaction
Authors: Hrynyshyn Kh.
Published: June 2023

The article is devoted to the analysis of certain aspects of the execution of transactions by a joint-stock company. The Law of Ukraine "On Joint Stock Companies" establishes the concept of a significant transaction, describes the procedure for granting consent by the authorized management body of the company to the execution of such a transaction. At the same time, this act establishes a list of cases to which the provisions of the Law on Significant Transactions do not apply. The research substantiates that with the adoption of the new Law of Ukraine "On Joint Stock Companies" in July 2022, the list of relevant transactions has been expanded.

It was established that these are: transactions at state-regulated prices and tariffs in accordance with legislation; transactions committed by a person conducting clearing activities while performing the functions of a central counterparty; transactions within the framework of the ordinary economic activity of the company, provided that they are carried out on market terms; transactions regarding the company's redemption of securities placed by it; agreement of company in which 100 percent of the shares belong to one person.

The expediency of including in the above list of transactions those that are carried out at regulated prices and tariffs, approved by local self-government bodies in accordance with the legislation, is substantiated.

The inclusion in the relevant list of transactions within the framework of the company's ordinary economic activity, provided they are performed on market terms, is supported. Emphasis is placed on the ambiguity of the legal requirement regarding the approval by decision of the supervisory board or the board of directors of a joint-stock company of the conditions for conducting the relevant activity.

It is substantiated that in a joint-stock company, 100 percent of whose shares belong to one person, compliance with the procedure for granting consent to commit significant transactions is, as a general rule, impractical. At the same time, it is argued that in such joint-stock company, limiting director’s powers to commit significant transactions may be necessary when the director is involved on a contractual basis. In order to prevent abuse of the relevant official, it is proposed to amend Art. 106 of the Law of Ukraine "On joint-stock companies", which would allow the execution of transactions by a company, 100 percent of whose shares belong to one person, without complying with the requirements of the law regarding obtaining consent for this by the authorized body of the company, provided that this is established in the charter of such a company.
New grounds for termination of an employment contract under the conditions of marital state
Authors: Meniv L.
Published: June 2023

The article is devoted to the coverage of one of today's topical topics - the termination of an employment contract under martial law. In connection with the introduction of martial law in Ukraine, thousands of people were forced to urgently leave their place of residence and, accordingly, their place of work in order to save their lives and the lives of their relatives. Many enterprises were destroyed by the enemy, or they moved to other regions of our country and were already forced to work in new realities and with less capacity. In the conditions of martial law, the issue of terminating an employment contract becomes especially relevant, because it affects the interests of not only the employee, but also the employer.The inconsistency of the new current labor legislation in the field of termination of an employment contract under martial law, the absence of judicial practice, the number of legal norms regulating the termination of an employment contract, gaps in legal regulation - all this leads to problems in the application of legal norms related to termination employment contract. The Law of Ukraine "On Amendments to Certain Laws of Ukraine Regarding the Optimization of Labor Relations" strengthened the effect of the Law "On the Organization of Labor Relations in the Conditions of Martial Law", also contributed to the elimination of some gaps in labor law regarding the termination of an employment contract that arose in connection with the introduction of the legal regime of martial law in Ukraine and provided new grounds for its termination.We believe that precisely the clear legal regulation of the termination of an employment contract can ensure the quality existence of labor relations in the conditions of martial law in Ukraine, but at the same time, it is worth taking into account the current problems of legislative regulation on this issue, which are currently in need of refinement.
Certain problematic aspects of distinguishing sexual violence against children from the corruption of minors
Authors: Dyadichko V.
Published: June 2023

The article analyzes certain problematic aspects of distinguishing sexual violence against children, the liability for the commission of which should arise according to Parts 3-6 of article 152 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine (hereinafter - the Criminal Code) from the corruption of minors. It is noted that if a child has reached the age of sixteen, then he acquires the status of a bearer of sexual freedom, and therefore has the right to choose his own sexual partner, as well as methods of sexual communication with him, and there can be no question of any kind of depravity of minors, in the context of Article 156 of the Criminal Code. The only thing that matters is the fact that a child of that age voluntarily consents to sexual intercourse with a partner. It was found that the courts continue the practice of qualifying cases of sexual violence against children who have not reached the age of fourteen, which was accompanied by indecent touching of the genitals of the victims, as physical abuse of minors under Article 156 of the Criminal Code, and not under Part 3-6 of Article 153 of the Criminal Code, as it must be carried out in accordance with the current criminal legislation. It was concluded that any touching of intimate parts of the body of minor victims, regardless of the presence of voluntary consent to such actions on their part, should be qualified only as sexual violence against children according to the relevant part of Article 153 of the Criminal Code. Whereas lewd acts, according to the disposition of Article 156 of the Criminal Code, should be considered acts that do not contain signs of sexual violence, in the context of part 1 of Article 153 of the Criminal Code. It is suggested that one of the ways to solve the problem of distinguishing sexual violence against children (parts 3-6 of Article 153 of the Criminal Code) from such a form of manifestation of the depravity of minors (Article 156 of the Criminal Code), as physical rape, may be to clarify the disposition of Article 156 of the Criminal Code, namely, the presentation of part 1 of it in the following form: “1. Committing, in the absence of signs of sexual violence, lewd acts against a person who has not reached the age of sixteen,...”.
Guarantees of legal protection of persons who terminate service in the National Police of Ukraine and issues of their implementation
Authors: Loginova M.
Published: June 2023

The article determines that the Constitution and legislation provide guarantees of legal protection for persons who terminate their service in the National Police of Ukraine. These guarantees should ensure the rights and interests of such persons during their dismissal, after dismissal and during further employment.It was determined that one of the main guarantees is the provision of the right to social protection to the released persons. In particular, according to Article 46 of the Constitution of Ukraine, everyone has the right to social protection, which is provided by the state in accordance with the law. In case of dismissal from the position in the police, such persons can receive assistance in finding a new job, support during the period of unemployment and other types of social protection established by law.

In addition, according to Article 55 of the Constitution of Ukraine, everyone has the right to judicial protection of their rights and freedoms. Therefore, if released persons believe that their rights have been violated during or after their release, they have the right to go to court to protect their rights.In addition, Ukraine has legislation that regulates the issue of dismissal from the police and guarantees the rights of dismissed persons. In particular, the Law of Ukraine “On the National Police” stipulates that dismissal from a position in the police can be carried out only in cases provided for by law. The dismissal must be justified and carried out in accordance with the legally established procedure. In addition, dismissal from a position in the police cannot be a reason for restricting the rights and freedoms of a dismissed person.Also, in accordance with the Law of Ukraine “On the Status of War Veterans, Guarantees of Their Social Protection”, persons dismissed from their positions in the police can be recognized as war veterans if they took part in military operations for the defense of Ukraine or were involved in an anti-terrorist operation in the east of Ukraine.Despite the legal guarantees, the realization of the rights of released persons can be complicated due to various factors. For example, there may be situations where released persons do not receive social protection  on time, or their rights are violated immediately after release.In conclusion, the guarantees of legal protection of persons who terminate their service in the National Police of Ukraine include the right to social protection, judicial protection and protection from restriction of rights and freedoms.
Correlation of an expert’s opinion with a specialist’s opinion in criminal proceedings
Authors: Lukyanchikov E. , Lukyanchikov B. , Mykytenko O.
Published: June 2023

This article examines the issue of the procedure and forms of use of specialized knowledge in criminal proceedings. It is noted that the main tools of cognitive activities for the investigation of criminal offenses are investigative (search) actions aimed at finding traces of a criminal offense, their research and the formation of court evidence. An analysis of the opinions of scientists regarding the evolution of forms of using special knowledge in criminal justice at different historical stages was carried out. Attention is drawn to the gradual expansion of the forms of use of specialized knowledge which is being enshrined in the current criminal procedure legislation. The author analyzes the scientific studies which reveal the essence of special knowledge, its importance for establishing the circumstances of a criminal offense, the subjects who can use special knowledge, and the procedural documents which record the process of application of special knowledge and its evidentiary value. The author compares the requirements which must be met by a person involved in criminal proceedings as a specialist and an expert. The author shows significant differences in the requirements for these participants to criminal proceedings. On this basis, it is proved that a specialist’s opinion may be consistent with an expert’s opinion, provided that all other requirements are the same. Since the qualification requirements for a person who has special knowledge in a certain field and is involved in criminal proceedings as a specialist and an expert are different, and the regulatory procedure for their involvement in criminal proceedings is different, it is considered impossible to put an equal sign between the specialist’s opinion and the expert’s opinion as a proven source of evidence. The author substantiates the proposal to change Part 3 of Article 214 of the CPC of Ukraine and to restate it in the following wording: “In order to clarify the circumstances of a criminal offense, prior to entering information into the Unified Register of Pre-trial Investigations, it may be 3) an expert opinion may be obtained...” and so on. This will contribute to the formation of reliable and high-quality evidence in criminal misdemeanor proceedings
Legal regulation of nuclear and radiation safety in Ukraine (on the example of some foreign countries)
Authors: Matviychuk A.O.
Published: June 2023

Peculiarities of the legal regime for ensuring nuclear and radiation safety of the NPP of Ukraine as a critical infrastructure object were studied in order to increase the level of emergency preparedness in peacetime, as well as in conditions of real military aggression. After all, among all branches of the use of nuclear energy, sources of ionizing radiation, nuclear energy remains the most dangerous against the background of the general unfavorable state of the environment, preservation of human life and health. The need for further improvement of all systems of ensuring national security, in particular the state system of physical protection of nuclear installations, nuclear materials, radioactive waste, and other sources of ionizing radiation, is substantiated; a unified state system of civil protection and their systemic interaction, first of all, by improving security legislation.According to the results of the study, taking into account the experience of the EU, first of all, of the countries in which nuclear power plants operate, an author’s approach was formulated regarding the introduction of 8 safety districts on the territory of Ukraine based on the identified zones of potential postaccident pollution around domestic and foreign nuclear power plants. The leadership and secretariat of security districts, according to the author of the article, should work on a permanent basis. It is proposed to achieve systemic interaction of security (Law of Ukraine “On the Basics of National Security of Ukraine”, etc.) and nuclear (Law of Ukraine “On the Use of Nuclear Energy and Radiation Safety”, etc.) legislation through the development and subsequent adoption of the draft Law “On Coordination of Executive Bodies authorities with local self-government bodies, business, the public in emergency situations”, which should determine the effective mechanisms of effective interaction of authorities at all levels, territorial communities on the principle of subsidiarity, as well as public-private partnership with business, public involvement; avoidance of duplication and contradictions in the preparation of Plans for overcoming emergency situations, involvement in the preparation and monitoring of the implementation of the specified plans of the scientific and expert environment, first of all permanently operating scientific and expert organizations. The research uses the general dialectical method, the method of scientific knowledge, the method of interpreting legal norms, the formal legal method, the comparative legal method, and the method of systemic analysis.
Steps of the EU countries aimed at protecting the constitutional rights in the era of artificial intelligence
Authors: Asiryan S.
Published: June 2023

The article is devoted to the analysis of the measures taken by the countries of the European Union to ensure the protection of the constitutional rights of citizens in the context of artificial intelligence (AI). As AI affects various areas of life, including the right to privacy, freedom of speech, equality and other constitutional rights, EU countries are focusing on developing policies, legislation and regulatory frameworks that protect citizens from the possible negative consequences of the use of AI. The article proposes to examine the following issues:1. Legislation and regulation: Describe the measures taken by EU countries to regulate the use of AI in order to ensure compliance with the constitutional rights of citizens. These can be data protection laws, development of ethical standards for AI, and other legal mechanisms.2. Privacy and data protection: Privacy violations are one of the main challenges associated with the development of AI. The article examines how EU countries treat this issue and what measures they take to protect citizens’ personal information.3. Ethical standards: Consideration of the development of ethical standards and principles for the use of AI, limiting the use of AI in areas that may violate constitutional rights, as well as the development of mechanisms for the prevention of violations and mechanisms for the protection of human rights.This article explores the steps European Union (EU) countries are taking to protect citizens’ constitutional rights in the context of the growing impact of artificial intelligence (AI). In the age of artificial intelligence, where technological progress creates new opportunities and challenges, the protection of basic rights and freedoms becomes especially relevant.The article examines various aspects of this issue, focusing on the steps the EU is taking to ensure the protection of constitutional rights in the context of artificial intelligence. The author analyzes legislative initiatives, political commitments and the role of various institutions in ensuring the protection of citizens’ rights.The article examines such issues as regulation of the use of artificial intelligence, protection of privacy and personal data, transparency and accountability for automated systems, as well as issues of discrimination and equality in the context of AI.The author concludes that EU countries are active in protecting the constitutional rights of citizens in the light of artificial intelligence. However, it also points to the need for further efforts to ensure effective legal protection and develop standards that take into account the unique challenges that AI development poses to society.This article is a useful resource for researchers, legislators, and anyone interested in protecting citizens’ rights in the context of artificial intelligence.
POPE FRANCIS AND RUSSIA’S WAR AGAINST UKRAINE
Authors: NÉMETH Thomas Mark
Published: June 2023

This article aims at analysing and commenting the approach and position of Pope Francis and the Holy See in the issue of Russia’s war against Ukraine (2014–) since the full-scale invasion of 2022. Statements and gestures of the Pope that joined Russia and Ukraine together, were often received negatively in Ukraine. The encyclical Fratelli tutti, Vatican neutrality and Ostpolitik raised questions concerning peace ethics and reconciliation. The article presents guiding principles and ideas of the Catholic Church leadership on these issues and shows that there is a demand for active involvement of the Ukrainian side in the discussion process.
Article history: Received 17.04.2023; Revised .05.2023; Accepted .05.2023; Available online: 07. 06. 2023. Available print: 30. 06. 2023
THE ROMANIAN ORTHODOX CHURCH BETWEEN THE ALLIANCE FOR THE UNION OF ROMANIANS AND THE PUTINIST TEMPTATION: ULTRANATIONALIST PROPAGANDA AMONG ORTHODOX CLERGYMEN AND THE RUSSIAN WAR AGAINST UKRAINE
Authors: BILIUȚĂ Ionuț
Published: June 2023

The present essay details the intricate relationship between the Romanian Orthodox hierarchy and the conflict in Ukraine on various levels (philanthropic, social, ecclesiological, political). While most of the Orthodox bishops in Romania continue to voice their concern about the war, few condemn the complicity of the Russian Orthodox Church in endorsing the military involvement of Russia in Ukraine. Another factor that contributed to the moral anaesthesia of the Orthodox bishops has to do with the silent political preference for the pro-Russian, ultranationalist Alliance of the Union of Romanians party (AUR). While the Romanian Patriarchate condemned vehemently the political instrumentalization of Orthodoxy, against the official position of the hierarchy, a part of the regular and monastic clergy still nurtures admiration for Vladimir Putin, seen as the main benefactor of the Orthodox Church worldwide and his pro- Christian policies.
Article history: Received 1.02.2023; Revised 28.04.2023; Accepted 29.04.2023; Available online: 07. 06. 2023. Available print: 30. 06. 2023
Excessive Use of Water and Fertilizer by Homeowners: Why It Happens, How It Affects the Environment, and How the Nursery Industry and Extension Outreach Can Help
Authors: Chalker-Scott Linda
Published: June 2023

Despite global concerns regarding climate change, one thing remains constant: homeowners want gardens and landscapes that serve them functionally and aesthetically. The strong affinity homeowners have for their land can lead to excessive use of water and fertilizer. This literature review explores the relationships between homeowners and their residential landscapes and the efforts that can be made to address misuse and overuse of resources. Governmental organizations should work together with community groups, nursery and landscape associations, and university Extension faculty to understand homeowner desires and behaviors before instituting policies regarding resource use that are unpopular, resented, and ignored. Networking between the nursery industry and university Extension faculty and Master Gardener volunteers can provide educational opportunities for homeowners to understand and implement more sustainable landscape practices as well as showcasing ornamental landscape plants that can help meet both personal aesthetics and resource conservation goals.