bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
"Saturated with Vice": Angelic White Children, Incorrigible Youth, and Reformable Subjects
Authors: Bailey Hannah Anneliese
Published: December 2020

This article looks at the eugenic sterilization in the United States in the twentieth century through the lens of race and property ownership. In Kansas specifically, sterilization was sensationalized in the media amidst two events that showcased contradictory understandings of white girlhood in the liberal eugenic era. Sterilization was championed in 1917 after a young white girl was raped and murdered, and then decried two decades later in 1937 when a senator uncovered a (legal) sterilization campaign at a girls' reformatory. I argue that these competing representations of white girlhood resulted from larger-scale societal anxieties about womens' expanding property ownership and voting rights in the twentieth century. Further, I analyze representations of race in the Girls' Industrial School in Beloit, Kansas to show how Black girls in the institution were understood as inherently criminal in a way that validated the ultimate "reformability" of white girls from eugenecist understandings of class and sexuality amongst white youth.
Tricksterism, Anti-Semitism, and White Supremacy in The Education of Henry Adams: A Centennial Reassessment
Authors: Yacovone Donald
Published: December 2020

Because of its place in American and world literature, The Education of Henry Adams has become enormously influential, but we have not fully understood the full scope of its impact, its subversive contexts, and Adams’s role in sustaining and furthering white supremacy.  Indeed, although most of the text is devoted to the era of the American Civil War and Reconstruction, Adams never employed the term.  More importantly, because of the intensity of his racism and anti-Semitism, he dismissed the era that was dominated by strife over the nation’s future and the African American role in it as one simply overwhelmed with sordid political corruption, which had its origins in alleged Jewish intrigue both in the United States and Europe. By examining the background to Adams’s work and his brilliant ingenuity, we can more fully understand what Adams sought to accomplish and how.  Neither an autobiography nor a history, Adams crafted a “trickster” novel to devalue African Americans and attack Jewish life. He wrote, perhaps, the most ingenious and dangerous book of the fin de siècle.
Facilitating Access to Higher Education for People Seeking Asylum in Australia: Institutional and Community Responses
Authors: Burke Rachel , Fleay Caroline , Baker Sally , Hartley Lisa , Field Rebecca
Published: December 2020

Higher education remains unattainable for many people seeking asylum in Australia, where temporary visa status renders individuals ineligible for a range of government services including assistance with financing tertiary study. Many universities have responded by offering scholarships and other essential supports; however, our research indicates the challenges associated with studying while living on a temporary visa can affect the success of educational assistance. Here we highlight the importance of scholarships and other supports for facilitating access to tertiary study, particularly given the continuation of restrictive government policies, and identify the need for people seeking asylum to inform institutional and community responses.

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Book Review: Refugee Governance, State and Politics in the Middle East. By Zeynep Şahin Mencütek.
Authors: Mourad Lama
Published: December 2020

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Book Review: Refuge Beyond Reach. By David Scott FitzGerald.
Authors: Tomko Dennler Kathryn
Published: December 2020

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Book Review: Adventure Capital. By Julie Kleinman.
Authors: Morris Julia
Published: December 2020

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Chemical Quality and Organoleptic Vegetable Shredded
Authors: Ningsih Reza Rizkia , Hartati Fadjar Kurnia , Sucahyo Bambang Sigit
Published: December 2020

Meat floss is usually made from animal meat. However, recently meatless floss made from vegetables of fruit rinds is gaining popularity. The use of breadfruit is less than optimum, thus processing it to be meatless fruit can increase its value. On the other hand, jackfruit rind has unique characteristics which make it suitable to be processed into meatless floss. This research employed the Completely Randomised Factorial Design treatment. The first factor was two boiling times, namely 8 minutes and 10 minutes. The second factor was the combination ratio of jackfruit rind and breadfruit, namely 25% : 75%; 50% : 50 %; and 75% : 25%. Each treatment was repeated three times. The result indicated that boiling time has a significant influence on the chemical quality of meatless floss, including water and rind content. On the other hand, the ratio of jackfruit rind and breadfruit has significantly affect ash and fat content. Meanwhile, the combination of boiling time and ratio of jackfruit rind and breadfruit significantly affect ash content. The result if Wallis Kruskal test for the organoleptic quality of meatless floss revealed that the boiling time and ratio of jackfruit rind and breadfruit significantly affect colour and crunch, and did not affect flavour and aroma. The L2P2 treatment code, namely 10 minutes boiling time and the ratio 50 %: 50% ratio of jackfruit rind and breadfruit, was the best treatment in this study. This treatment obtained the highest score of 0,68, with water 4,992% content; 6,81% rind content, 5,5 in flavour; 11,563% fat content; 4,9 in colour; 5,1 in aroma; 5,6 in crunch; and 7,937% ash content.
The Properties Study of Mangrove Fruit Flour Composited with Taro and White Uwi Tubers
Authors: Jariyah Jariyah , Sarofa Ulya , Yunia Ratna Rawiri
Published: December 2020

This research is a part of research on the study of the glycemic index value of biscuit products from mangrove fruit flour with flour from various of tubers. The tubers used in this study were taro and white uwi. The types of mangrove fruit used were pedada and lindur. The starch content in taro tubers and white uwi can be used to make biscuits. It is known that both pedada (Sonneratia caseolaris) and lindur (Bruguiera ghymnorhiza) flour have anti-diabetic and anti-cholesterol properties. This study aims to analyze the characteristics of the biscuits from the formulation of a mixture of mangrove fruit flour with taro and white uwi tubers. This study used a one-factor completely randomized design with 10 levels of treatment, namely the proportion of mangrove fruit flour types of pedada and lindur and taro and white uwi tuber flour with the formula 0: 100, 10:90, and 20: 80. Biscuit product analysis parameters include proximate, organoleptic analysis, and glycemic index. Measurement of the glycemic index value was carried out in vivo using 22 respondents normal human, healthy, with a blood glucose of 80-100 mg / dL. Blood draws were carried out for 120 minutes at 30-minute intervals. The best biscuits were obtained in the formulation of pedada fruit : taro flour (20: 80), with criteria 84.07%, of yield,  3.72% of moisture content, 3.45% of ash, 4.33% of protein, 7.16% of fat, carbohydrates of 81.34%, 64.39% of starch, the dietary fiber content of 7.69%. Organoleptic test results showed 5.69 of color, the taste of 6.68, texture of 6.54, aroma of 7.13. In vivo test results obtained glycemic index values of 51.46, and glycemic load of 12.90
Presencia de la raya chupare del Pacífico Styracura pacifica en Colombia y ampliación de su distribución geográfica en el Pacífico Oriental Tropical
Authors: Scheel Dalmau Melissa , Velandia Manuel Camilo , Diaz Juan Manuel , Navia Andrés Felipe , Mejía-Falla Paola Andrea
Published: December 2020

Se confirma la presencia de la raya chupare del Pacífico Styracura pacifica en el Pacífico colombiano. Esta especie junto con S. schmardae en el Atlántico son los únicos representantes de la familia Potamotrygonidae que habitan en aguas marinas y salobres. La distribución confirmada de la especie se limitaba a las costas del Pacífico de Centroamérica, entre el sur de México y Panamá; por tanto, el presente registro extiende su distribución en el Pacífico Oriental Tropical en unos 470 km hacia el sur.
Biodiversidad de esponjas en arrecifes rocosos del Chocó norte, Pacífico colombiano
Authors: Lizarazo Rodríguez Nicoll , Zea Sven , Chasqui Velasco Luis , Rincón Díaz Natalia
Published: December 2020

En comparación con otros grupos de invertebrados, la taxonomía de esponjas (Porífera) ha sido poco desarrollada en el Pacífico Oriental Tropical (POT), en general, y en el Pacífico colombiano, en particular. Este trabajo busca incrementar el conocimiento de la biodiversidad del grupo en los arrecifes rocosos del norte del Chocó. Se recolectaron muestras de esponjas mediante buceo autónomo, las cuales fueron procesadas e identificadas en laboratorio por métodos estándar. Se confirmó la baja riqueza de especies y la predominancia de morfologías incrustantes y hábitos crípticos, que ha sido encontrada en otros estudios en la región. Se identificaron 24 morfotipos pertenecientes a 13 órdenes, 17 familias y 21 géneros. Doce (12) morfotipos se reconocieron a nivel de género o con identidad específica tentativa y los otros 12 fueron confirmados a nivel de especie. Seis (6) especies son morfológicamente similares a las del Caribe, lo que indica que las poblaciones posiblemente no han divergido lo suficiente desde el cierre del istmo de Panamá o, alternativamente, pueden haber cruzado recientemente el canal de Panamá.
Gusanos perforadores (Sipuncula y Annelida: Polychaeta) de los arrecifes coralinos del Pacífico Tropical Oriental (isla Gorgona, Colombia)
Authors: Cardona-Gutiérrez Maria Fernanda , Londoño-Cruz Edgardo
Published: December 2020

El conocimiento de los gusanos bioerosionadores en los arrecifes coralinos del Pacífico Tropical Oriental (PTO) colombiano es escaso. Para saber qué especies perforan estos sustratos coralinos se utilizaron unidades experimentales hechas de ramas muertas de Pocillopora spp., las cuales estuvieron expuestas en los arrecifes coralinos de la isla Gorgona (Pacífico colombiano) durante varios periodos de tiempo. Un total de 571 gusanos de 21 especies fueron recolectados; de estas, 18 son poliquetos y 3 sipúnculos. La mayoría de estas especies corresponden a nuevos registros para el PTO colombiano, en concreto, 13 de las 18 especies de poliquetos y 2 de las 3 de sipúnculos. Estos hallazgos sugieren la necesidad de realizar más estudios con el objetivo de generar conocimiento sobre la biodiversidad de estos grupos poco conocidos en regiones poco estudiadas, como es el caso del PTO colombiano.
Incidencia estacional de mareas rojas en la bahía de Santa Marta y sectores adyacentes, Caribe colombiano
Authors: Arbeláez M. Natalia , Franco-Angulo Julian , Espinosa Luisa Fernanda
Published: December 2020

Con el propósito de describir las condiciones ambientales y climáticas asociadas con la ocurrencia de seis eventos de mareas rojas entre 2010 y 2017 en Santa Marta (Caribe colombiano), se recopiló la información biológica y fisicoquímica obtenida durante estos eventos. Adicionalmente, se consultaron los datos de precipitación y el Índice Oceánico de El Niño (ONI) entre 2010 y 2017. Los resultados mostraron que el dinoflagelado Cochlodinium sp. fue el responsable de tres eventos ocurridos en octubre de 2010, octubre de 2011 y noviembre de 2015, períodos en los que alcanzó densidades máximas de 5 × 106 cél. L-1. Estos eventos se asociaron con un incremento en las precipitaciones y la temperatura superficial del agua de mar (29,7 ºC) y con un descenso en la salinidad (< 35,5). El ciliado Mesodinium cf. rubrum fue responsable de otros tres eventos (enero de 2015, enero de 2017 y marzo de 2017), períodos en los que registró concentraciones máximas de 9.2 × 106 cél. L-1. Durante estos últimos eventos, no se presentaron precipitaciones y se evidenciaron elevadas concentraciones de nutrientes, incrementos en la salinidad (> 36,6) y temperaturas del mar inferiores a 26 ºC. Al asociar las ocurrencias de mareas rojas y los valores del índice ONI, se evidenció que las floraciones de Cochlodinium sp. ocurrieron durante años influenciados por eventos climáticos (térmicos) moderados y fuertes (ONI > ±1 ºC) en tanto que las floraciones de M. cf. rubrum se presentaron durante años neutrales (ONI entre 0,5 y -0,5 ºC). Las mareas rojas presentaron un patrón temporal de ocurrencia en la región del Magdalena, influenciadas por la variabilidad climática y ambiental de cada época, sin representar hasta el momento un riesgo para la salud humana.
Chaetaster nodosus Perrier, primera estrella de mar perteneciente a la familia Chaetasteridae (Echinodermata: Asteroidea) registrada para el Caribe colombiano
Authors: Moreno Jiménez Laura Cristina , Borrero-Pérez Giomar H.
Published: December 2020

Este trabajo registra por primera vez para el Caribe colombiano la familia monogenérica Chaetasteridae (Echinodermata: Asteroidea) con base en un ejemplar de la estrella de mar Chaetaster nodosus Perrier 1875 colectado frente a las islas de San Bernardo a 98 m de profundidad. Se incluye una breve descripción de la especie e información acerca de su distribución.
Dispositivo de recolección para zooplancton asociado a arrecifes de corales mesofóticos
Authors: Contreras Vega Laura , Henao-Castro Alejandro , Navas S. Gabriel R. , Criales Hernandez Maria Isabel , Marrugo Pascuales Milena
Published: December 2020

Los ecosistemas de corales mesofóticos (MCEs) albergan comunidades únicas que no han sido suficientemente estudiadas debido al alto costo de las tecnologías disponibles. Estos arrecifes pueden encontrarse entre 30 y 150 m de profundidad, donde la cantidad de luz incidente es < 10 % de la que llega a la superficie. Las zooxantelas asociadas a estos arrecifes tienen una tasa fotosintética reducida debido a la baja disponibilidad de luz, por lo que el zooplancton se convierte en la principal fuente de alimento para las colonias de coral. Para el estudio de la composición de las comunidades zooplanctónicas asociadas a estos ecosistemas, se diseñó y probó un dispositivo que permitió la recolección de zoopláncteres presentes sobre el andamio arrecifal de Bajo Fríjol, en el Parque Nacional Natural Corales de Profundidad. El dispositivo consistió en una manguera lastrada que llegaba a la profundidad deseada, conectada al dispositivo recolector, mediante el cual se filtraba el agua gracias a una bomba de succión. La cantidad de agua filtrada, las especies recolectadas y su abundancia permitieron concluir que el dispositivo es una herramienta útil, versátil y económica para la caracterización y el monitoreo de la comunidad zooplanctónica en el Parque Corales de Profundidad, por lo que podría extenderse a otros ecosistemas de arrecifes someros y mesofóticos.
Asociación de la temperatura superficial del mar y la abundancia del Piquero Café (Sula leucogaster) según el estado de desarrollo en el Parque Nacional Natural Gorgona
Authors: Perlaza Gamboa Alejandro , Giraldo Alan , Payán Luis Fernando , Estela Felipe A.
Published: December 2020

La variación de las condiciones fisicoquímicas del mar puede influir en la distribución y la abundancia de las aves marinas al afectar la estructura trófica del ambiente pelágico. Por ello se pretendió evaluar la asociación entre la abundancia de tres estados de desarrollo (pollos, juveniles y adultos) del Piquero Café (Sula leucogaster etesiaca) y la variación de la temperatura superficial del mar (TSM) y su anomalía térmica (ANOM) en isla Gorgona, Pacífico colombiano. Estas tendencias fueron evaluadas por medio de correlaciones cruzadas y modelos lineales generalizados. En cada estado de desarrollo la abundancia presentó una tendencia diferente ante la variación de la TSM o ANOM. Se sugiere que dichas tendencias se deben a que el incremento de la temperatura del mar podría estar asociado con una menor abundancia y disponibilidad de recursos presa. Bajo estas condiciones, los adultos tienden a disminuir el esfuerzo invertido en el cuidado parental e, incluso, reducen el suministro de alimento a juveniles dependientes y pollos para aumentar su propia supervivencia. Es posible que estas tendencias hayan estado asociadas con un régimen reproductivo que les permita a los volantones alcanzar la independencia de los padres durante el periodo con mayor disponibilidad de alimento.
Vulnerabilidad de los servicios ecosistémicos del área marina protegida Uramba
Authors: Uribe-Castañeda Natalia , Satizabal Carlos Andres , Herrera-Orozco Leonardo , Cantera Kintz Jaime Ricardo
Published: December 2020

Los sistemas marinos y costeros del área marina protegida (AMP) Uramba, así como en el resto del mundo, proporcionan una gran variedad de servicios ecosistémicos (i. e. protección costera, regulación de ciclos geoquímicos o provisión de alimento, etc.). Amenazas naturales y/o antropogénicas (i. e. como la erosión costera, el aumento relativo en el nivel del mar o la sobrepesca) pueden transformar, degradar o limitar el suministro de estos servicios ecosistémicos. Este estudio explora el grado de vulnerabilidad que presentan los servicios ecosistémicos del AMP Uramba ante las amenazas naturales y antropogénicas presentes. Los métodos incluyen una revisión bibliográfica, un taller de expertos, trabajo de campo para la validación y la georreferenciación de servicios y amenazas. Para calcular la vulnerabilidad de los servicios ecosistémicos, se estimó la magnitud de las amenazas, su riesgo y su capacidad de resiliencia. Las amenazas naturales y antropogénicas más frecuentes se encuentran en la región externa del AMP Uramba, en las localidades de Juanchaco, Ladrilleros y Base Naval. El aumento en el nivel del mar es la amenaza que más podría vulnerar los servicios ecosistémicos del AMP Uramba, incluyendo los siguientes: protección costera en playas arenosas, planos lodosos y manglares; regulación climática en playas arenosas y planos lodosos; recreación y turismo en playas arenosas y manglares; mantenimiento de ciclos de vida en manglares, y provisión de alimentos en planos lodosos. Los servicios ecosistémicos de la costa rocosa están amenazados principalmente por deslizamientos, y en el ecosistema pelágico por la sobrepesca.
Tasas de crecimiento somático de tortuga carey, Eretmochelys imbricata, en el Parque Nacional Natural Gorgona, Colombia, entre 2004 y 2018
Authors: Cañas Uribe Mariana , Payán Luis Fernando , Amorocho Diego Fernando , Páez Vivian Patricia
Published: December 2020

La tortuga carey, Eretmochelys imbricata, se encuentra a nivel global en peligro crítico de extinción, y la información demográfica en el Océano Pacífico Oriental es limitada. Por esta razón, esta investigación evalúa las tasas de crecimiento somático en una agregación de individuos inmaduros de tortuga carey empleando el método de captura-marca-recaptura en los arrecifes coralinos de Playa Blanca y la Azufrada en el Parque Nacional Natural Gorgona, Colombia. Entre 2004 y 2018 se realizaron 89 capturas de 49 individuos de tortuga carey. El largo curvo del caparazón promedio (LCC) obtenido fue de 41,6 cm (rango 32-58 cm) y el largo recto del caparazón promedio (LRC) fue de 39,1 cm (rango 30,0-54,1 cm), lo que muestra que estos arrecifes son áreas de forrajeo importantes para individuos inmaduros de esta especie. El índice de condición corporal promedio fue de 1,3 (rango 1,0-1,5). Esto sugiere que las condiciones ambientales mantienen en buen estado la salud de esta agregación. Usando el modelo de crecimiento de von Bertalanffy y estableciendo una talla máxima (L∞) de 63 cm de LCC (donde se obtiene el menor coeficiente de variación), se estimó una k de 0,081 y una tasa anual de crecimiento promedio de 1,5 ± 1,8 cm/año. Esto indica que los individuos en esta agregación estarían alcanzando una LCC de 63 cm entre los 33 y 34 años, talla cercana a la de madurez sexual en la región del Pacífico oriental (aproximadamente 66 cm LCC). Lo anterior ratifica la vulnerabilidad de esta especie debido a las lentas tasas de crecimiento somático y madurez sexual tardía. Se sugiere que los esfuerzos de conservación para esta especie deben ser a largo plazo para procurar su recuperación, en vista de que especies con estas características tienden a expresar tasas de crecimiento poblacional muy bajas.
Dieta y amplitud del nicho trófico del cormorán neotropical [Nannopterum brasilianus (Gmelin, 1789)] en el Santuario de Flora y Fauna Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta, Caribe de Colombia
Authors: Tette Pomárico Aliano , López-Peña Aristides , Franke-Ante Rebeca , Duarte Luis Orlando
Published: December 2020

El cormorán neotropical (Nannopterum brasilianus) es un ave piscívora con reproducción colonial. Se distribuye desde el sur de Norteamérica hasta Argentina. La colonia más grande en Colombia se encuentra en la localidad de Punta Blanca, localizada en el Santuario de Flora y Fauna Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta (SFF CGSM), en el complejo lagunar del mismo nombre (CL CGSM). En el presente estudio se analizó la dieta y la amplitud de nicho de N. brasilianus a partir de egagrópilas recolectadas en el borde occidental de la colonia de anidación de Punta Blanca durante la época reproductiva de 2017. La identificación de presas se basó principalmente en la morfología de los otolitos de peces encontrados en las egagrópilas (n = 64). Se identificaron ocho especies de peces en la dieta de N. brasilianus, de las cuales tres fueron nuevos registros para la dieta de la población del complejo lagunar (Mugil liza, M. curema y M. cephalus). Se destacó la representatividad de Cathorops mapale como principal presa consumida durante el estudio (89,5 % en número y 91,8 % en frecuencia de ocurrencia). Se observó una amplitud de nicho trófico estrecha (Levin’s de 0,002) y una dieta con baja equitatividad (q2 = 2,1), lo que corresponde a una respuesta adaptativa modelada por la disponibilidad de presas.
Primer registro de una hembra de tortuga carey, Eretmochelys imbricata, en el Mosaico de Conservación Bahía Málaga, Pacífico colombiano
Authors: Barrientos-Muñoz Karla G. , Valencia-Díaz Miller , Hinojosa-Romero Carlos Andrés , Valencia-González Santiago , Diazgranados Maria Claudia , Sevilla-Dueñas Edward Leonardo , Ramírez-Gallego Cristian
Published: December 2020

La tortuga carey del Pacífico oriental es una de las unidades regionales de manejo más amenazadas del mundo. En el Pacífico colombiano ha sido avistada en áreas de alimentación y en estadios juveniles y/o subadultos. Sus zonas y temporada de anidación son desconocidas para el país. El 24 de febrero de 2020, se registra la primera hembra de tortuga carey para el Pacífico colombiano, en el Mosaico de Conservación Bahía Málaga. El largo curvo mínimo del caparazón fue de 90 cm, el largo curvo del caparazón nucalsupracuadal fue de 90,5 cm, el ancho curvo del caparazón fue de 73,6 cm y su peso fue de 69 kg. La presencia de una hembra y ser la principal zona de alimentación y residencia de juveniles y subadultos de la especie en el Pacífico de Colombia hace indispensable continuar con el monitoreo sistemático en agua e identificar y monitorear potenciales sitios de anidación para aportar a la conservación de la tortuga carey del Pacífico oriental.
Evaluación de la selectividad de redes de enmalle y líneas de mano para la captura de cojinoa (Caranx crysos) en áreas de influencia marina del Parque Nacional Natural Tayrona
Authors: Altamar Jairo , Wong-Lubo Juan , De la Hoz-M. Javier , Martínez-Dallos Iván
Published: December 2020

Un mayor conocimiento de la selectividad de los artes de pesca permite determinar la capacidad de selección de los tamaños y formas de las especies capturadas, además de proporcionar información útil para su conservación y aprovechamiento. Este
estudio determinó los parámetros de selectividad de redes de enmalle (7,0, 7,6 y 10,2 cm de tamaño de malla) y anzuelos J (n.° 7, 9 y 10), utilizados en las capturas artesanales de la cojinoa (Caranx crysos), en diferentes sitios de pesca de la región de Santa Marta. El método SELECT se utilizó para determinar los parámetros de selectividad mientras que, para evaluar diferencias en la captura por unidad de esfuerzo (CPUE) entre los tamaños de malla y los calibres de anzuelo evaluados, se utilizó la prueba de Kurskall-Wallis. Los resultados mostraron que el modelo log-normal describe mejor la selectividad de las redes de enmalle y las líneas de mano para C. crysos. Las longitudes modales calculadas con este modelo fueron 23,00, 25,09 y 33,46 cm para los tamaños de malla 7,0, 7,6 y 10,2 cm mientras que 23,72, 30,49 y 33,88 cm fueron calculados para los anzuelos n.° 7, 9 y 10, respectivamente. La aplicación de estos resultados, considerando una talla de madurez de 35 cm para una eventual medida de manejo de la pesquería de cojinoa, debe además considerar que la CPUE mostró diferencias estadísticas entre los tamaños de malla y los calibres de anzuelo, lo que podría afectar los ingresos a corto plazo del pescador.
Distribución y abundancia de las aves playeras en planos intermareales del Parque Nacional Natural Sanquianga y la bocana de Iscuandé, Nariño (Colombia), entre 2009 y 2020
Authors: Johnston-González Richard , Eusse-González Diana , Valencia Martínez Natasha
Published: December 2020

11 % de las aves playeras del corredor migratorio del Pacífico americano están disminuyendo y otro 46 % no cuenta con información para estimar su estado poblacional. Para entender la magnitud y las causas de estos cambios, se requiere información de sitios de concentración como la bocana de Iscuandé (IS) y el Parque Nacional Natural Sanquianga (PNNS). Para caracterizar la composición de las comunidades de aves playeras en estos sitios, se analizaron diez años de conteo. A partir de la abundancia proporcional, la prevalencia y la densidad media de cada localidad, se evaluó si existían diferencias entre sitios con diferente influencia marina y del río Patía. IS aportó el 63 % de la abundancia promedio, siendo el 80 % aves playeras pequeñas. En PNNS, la abundancia se repartió 40-60 % entre aves grandes y pequeñas, y la contribución de cada bocana fue proporcional al área muestreada. Estos resultados muestran que los dos sitios tienen comunidades diferentes de aves playeras. Esta heterogeneidad espacial tiene importantes implicaciones ecológicas y de conservación. El recambio en la composición taxonómica y por grupos de tamaño de aves playeras sugiere diferencias en el hábitat intermareal y en los organismos que lo habitan, lo que ofrece alternativas para la conservación de diferentes especies.
Recent Advances in Implant Biomaterials - A Review
Authors: Miloni Suresh Shah  , Revathi Duraisamy  , Sindhuja Devi S  , Santhosh Kumar M P
Published: December 2020

Usage of Implants in dentistry is tremendously increasing in recent times. This has led to the invention of new biomaterials for dental implants by the researchers. Continuous evolution has occurred in the field of dental implant biomaterials in the last two decades leading to the emergence of innovative biomaterials. This article summarizes the different implant biomaterials and the recent advances in this field. The material science and they are various biological and physical properties affecting their treatment outcome are discussed. Throughout the years, myriads of dental materials have been tried for replacement of missing tooth. Now titanium remains the gold standard as a dental implant material. Over the recent period, many Implant biomaterials have evolved. It includes composites, glass-ceramics, metal alloys, ceramics, glasses, and polymers. Nanotechnology is an emerging application in the branch of implant dentistry. Nanotechnology can improve the properties of dental implants for achieving good osseointegration. It is imperative for dental practitioners to have a good idea about the various biomaterials used for dental implants.
IN MEMORY OF EVGENY ARKADIEVICH KULIKOV (27.01.1950 – 21.11.2020)
Authors: Rabinovich A. B. , Fine I. V. , Medvedev I. P. , Yakovenko O. I.
Published: December 2020

On November 21, 2020, at the age of 70, one of the world’s largest specialists in the science of tsunami, Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Chief Researcher of the Tsunami Laboratory in the Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, the Russian Academy of Sciences, Evgueny Arkadievich Kulikov, suddenly passed away. From 1980 to 1986 he was the Head of the Ocean Physics Laboratory in the Tsunami Department of the Sakhalin Complex Research Institute / Institute of Marine Geology and Geophysics, Far East Scientific Center of the USSR Academy of Sciences (Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk). From 2004 to 2018, E.A. Kulikov headed the Tsunami Laboratory of the Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences. E.A. Kulikov had students and colleagues all over the world – in Russia from Sakhalin to Moscow, in Europe, Canada, and the U.S.A. He left a bright mark in oceanology, in the science of tsunami, as well as in the memory of numerous friends and colleagues around the world as a remarkable scientist, teacher, and wonderful person. The presented article describes the main scientific stages of E.A. Kulikov.
IN MEMORY OF ALEKSEY ILLARIONOVICH IVASHCHENKO (1.11.1941–16.11.2020)
Authors: Yakovenko O. I. , Medvedev I. P. , Kaistrenko V. M. , Kovachev S. A. , Krylov A. A.
Published: December 2020

On November 16, 2020, an outstanding Russian seismologist Aleksey Illarionovich Ivashchenko passed away from the severe form of COVID-19. For 40 years of work on Sakhalin, he rose from an engineer to the head of the Seismology Laboratory and Scientific Deputy Director of the IMGG FEB RAS. A.I. Ivashchenko worked for 14 years at the Tsunami Laboratory named after the academician S.L. Soloviev at the IO RAS, Moscow. His contribution to the study of earthquakes and, in particular, tsunamigenic earthquakes, the types of their sources and the assessment of the risk of these events is invaluable. A.I. Ivashchenko was an exceptionally competent and responsible scientist, a very experienced and intelligent leader, an excellent and benevolent teacher and tutor of young people, and a reliable friend.
Relations between marine plastic litter and river plumes: First results of PLUMPLAS project
Authors: Zavialov P. O. , Moller Jr. O. О. , Wang X. H.
Published: December 2020

We report here first and preliminary results of the PLUMPLAS Project – an ongoing
international joint research effort between Federal University of Rio Grande (Brazil),
Xiamen University (China), and P.P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology (Russia) developed
within science and technology cooperation initiative (STI) between BRICS countries. The
studies are focused on specific model regions representing different conditions of river
discharges and anthropogenic loads, namely, the areas adjacent to the Kerch Strait in the
Black Sea (Russia); the region of the Patos Lagoon mouth in the South Atlantic (Brazil); and
Jiulong river estuary in Xiamen (China). The working hypothesis being tested is as follows:
the floating plastic litter in the coastal ocean is mainly concentrated in the river plumes
associated with continental freshwater discharges, and its dynamics is largely controlled by
the dynamics of the plumes. The preliminary results of in situ observations and modeling
accomplished to date seem to be in line with this hypothesis.
IN MEMORY OF SERGEI AFANAS’EVICH EVSEENKO
Authors: Kotlyar A. N. , Astakhov D. A.
Published: December 2020

On October 15, 2020, Sergei Afanas'evich Evseenko, a world-renowned scientist, Doctor of Biological Sciences, head of the laboratory of oceanic ichthyofauna of P.P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology RAS. Scientific interests of S.A. Evseenko covered a wide range of topics related to the study of the early stages of development of oceanic fishes, their taxonomy, morphology, biology and distribution.
Carbamazepine-Induced Sweet Syndrome
Authors: Gomes Nuno , Cerejeira André , Martins Diana , Azevedo Filomena
Published: December 2020

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SUBSCRIBERS’ PREFERENCE TOWARDS MOBILE COMMUNICATION SERVICE – AN ANALYSIS
Authors: Golden Anthony Rahu
Published: December 2020

Fulfilling the preference of the subscribers is an important task to every marketer. As it is a competitive world, the retaing the subscribers is difficult job to the service providers. Today, preference of the subscribers varies from one to one. Due to huge competition in the service sector, there are so many service providers available. Therefore each and every service provider has to focus on lots of aspects in connection with subscriber’s’ preference. In that, the subscribers’ preference must be identified and fulfilled by the service providers. Thus the service providers need to focus on fulfilling the subscribers’ needs, wants and preference to maintain their position in the competitive market. As the success of the marker is depending upon the subscribers’ preference, the marketer should know it and try to fulfill it. This study analyses the subscribers’ preference towards mobile communication service in Tuticorin District.
SARAH TUCKER HIGHER SECONDARY SCHOOL, PALAYAMKOTTAI – A HISTORICAL VIEW
Authors: Mary Stella
Published: December 2020

Palayamkottai is one of the most important cities of Tamil Nadu. It is also called as oxford of south India. Palayamkottai is names as oxford of south India because of its educational Institutions. Many Educational Institutions were started in Palayamkottai during the periods of English. Many Christian Missionaries from European countries came over here and started many Educational Institutions to promote the standard of living of the people. Sarah Tucker Higher Secondary School was started with a vision of the women Education. It is premier Christian Institution in Palayamkottai. It was started in the year 1858.This paper analyses the historical aspects of the Sarah Tucker Higher Secondary School.
VICTIM OF FATE: A STUDY ON SHASHI DESHPANDE’S “THE DARK HOLDS NO TERROR”
Authors: Sekhar V.
Published: December 2020

An undisputed fact admitted by the characters in Shashi Deshpande’s “The Dark Holds No Terror”, that fate plays an important role in men and women’s life. Shashi Deshpande tends to be tragic in her novel as she describes the fate of a girl. Sarita, the heroine of this novel, has to pass through difficult situations all of her life which she has suffered without any fault of hers. Sarita has recounted how she is alienated from her parents, how she has determined to becomes a doctor, how she get trapped in love of Manohar.Incidents and accidents has happened in such a way that she couldn’t have happiness in life. She said to herself in moment of dejection, ‘But why is happiness so unreal? Why does it always seem an illusion? It is grief that a bulk, a weight, a substance, and slays real even after years. Happiness is so evanescent, nothing is left’ (40).
A STUDY ON BUYERS PREFERENCE OF AMWAY PRODUCTS IN TIRUNELVELI
Authors: Hamil A. , Priyadharshini
Published: December 2020

Customers are the prime focus of any organization. The most important asset that any firm, can have is customers. An organization greatly depends on how many customers it has (customer base) how they buy and how often they buy. Satisfied customers usually buy more and buy frequently. Loyal customers also act best promotional source to new customers. They tend to bring in more and more new customers through word of mouth communication. It improves the market position of the firm and also the profits. This paper deals with the buyers’ preference of amway products in Tirunelveli city.
A STUDY ON JOB SATISFACTION OF EMPLOYEES WITH THE USE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY (IT) IN CO-OPERATIVE SECTOR
Authors: Munusamy K.
Published: December 2020

The Information Technology (IT) must be an integral part of our life and organization strategy. IT needs are increasing day by day and today every person is intending to be IT oriented. Today in big organization IT can be applied in Production, Marketing, Accounting, Finance, Operation Management, Customer Services, Stocking, flow of goods, Human Resource Management (HRM) etc., Today, small enterprises and petty shops also apply IT on a scale according to their need. At present day, IT wings have embraced various departments such as Railway, Transport, Health care services, Educational institutions, Postal services, Banks, Co-operative department, supermarkets etc. There is greater need for use of IT in co-operative sugar mills. IT in co-operative banks is sine quo non to bring about a favorable change in the climate and culture of this bank. IT solutions can help us take problems in core areas of governance and co-operative banks. IT has a lot of influence on Co-operative banks. The success of IT in co-operative banks depends upon the awareness of employees about the same. They make very limited use of IT. The employees are also not trained in IT. Role of IT in co-operation, there is no study on the opinion of the employees on the use of IT, various problems in selected hardware and software and factors influencing in co-operative banks. It is based on survey of the opinions of employees on the IT, various problems in selected hardware and software and factors influencing the same. This questionnaire contained questions relating to the extent of their satisfaction and benefits of using IT in co-operative banks. 350 employees co-operative banks have been selected at random using lots from the list of employees provided by the respective co-operative banks. This study is an attempt to use of IT in co-operative banks in Salem district. The study highlights the benefits derived by the co-operative banks employees in IT co-operative banks operations. The study will also help to improve the performance of co-operative banks.
A STUDY ON LOAN PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT OF URBAN COOPERATIVE BANKS IN TAMIL NADU
Authors: Sathish G.
Published: December 2020

Cooperative Banking System has two broad systems i.e. urban and rural cooperatives, forms an integral part of the India’s Financial System. Urban Cooperative Banks play an important role as financial intermediaries in catering to the credit requirements of both priority sector and weaker section of the communities. As on March 2015 there were 120 UCBs functioning   all over Tamil Nadu and the majority is Non-Schedule UCBs. These banks are traditionally centered on communities, localities and work place groups, and they lend to agriculture and non-agriculture purpose and particularly to small farmers, small traders, business man, artisans, factory workers, salaried people and persons of small means. This paper highlights the per-stage and post-stage sanction of loan process of credit in Tamil Nadu Urban Cooperative Banks. Further, the paper makes an assessment of the extent to which Urban Cooperative Banks were following loan portfolio management and identifies the focus area of improvement in near future.
EFFECTS OF SEED PRIMING WITH SODIUM CHLORIDE ON SEEDLING PERFORMANCE OF COMMON BEAN (PHASEOLUS VULGARIS L.) UNDER GREEN HOUSE CONDITION
Authors: Tufa Roba , Nego Jima
Published: December 2020

This study was conducted at Jimma University College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine (JUCAVM) under controlled environmental conditions of greenhouse to determine the effects of different concentration of sodium chloride (NaCl) on germination and seedling growth of Phaseolus vulgaris L. Five concentrations of sodium chloride (o mol(distilled water), 0.1M, 0.2M,0.3M and 0.4M) with one control treatment of un-primed seeds were laid out  in completely randomized design (CRD) with three replication. Data were collected on standard germination, Rate of germination, Seedling height, Shoot length, Root length and Vigor index. The result revealed that different NaCl concentrations statistically (p≤0.05) affected standard germination, Rate of germination, Seedling height, Shoot length and Vigor index I of common bean crop. The highest value of all these parameters were obtained from seed primed with 0.1M NaCl as well as when the seed primed with distilled water. However, the lowest values of these parameters were recorded on the seed primed with the highest concentration (0.4M) of NaCl and un-primed seed. More of the examined parameters were decreased with increasing of NaCl concentration. In conclusion, priming seed with 0.1M of NaCl concentration enhanced germination and seedling performance of common bean.
WORK LIFE BALANCE OF WOMEN TEACHERS IN MATRICULATION SCHOOLS – AN EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATION
Authors: Davyson Jeya
Published: December 2020

Human beings don’t have just one drive, but many drives and needs. And to have a sense of wellbeing, these needs need to be met adequately. Work is very important as it gives a lot of meaning in life, but life is bigger than work. When our lives are only about work, the ability to meet other needs goes very low which results in frustration. When human beings get older, they have a sense of some control and mastery over their environment, as they maintain some boundaries and a structure – that they have set apart time for various things in their lives. “But once a person allows the need for work to be met at the expense of other needs, the sense of wellbeing and confidence go away. This research is a study to know about the matriculation school teachers work life balance.
MOREL PAST: A SEARCH FOR IDENTITY IN PAULE MARSHALL’S BROWN GIRLBROWNSTONES AND THE CHOSEN PLACE, THE TIMELESS PEOPLE
Authors: Akila
Published: December 2020

South African Women are suffering of racism. In order to get over the sufferings, they go back to the past, it helps them to go forward and help them to understand their own self.
THE IMPACT OF SELF-HELP GROUPS ON THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF RURAL HOUSEHOLD WOMEN IN TAMIL NADU - A STUDY
Authors: Saravanan M.
Published: December 2020

Women empowerment is a process in which women challenge the existing norms and cultural, to effectively promote their well-being. The participation of women in self-help group (SHGs) made a significant impact on their empowerment both in social and economic aspects this study addresses women empowerment through self-help groups in TamilNadu. The information required for the study has been collected from only secondary sources has been followed full paper. The SHGs have had greater impact on both economic and social aspects of the beneficiaries.
JOB SATISFACTION IN STATE BANK OF INDIA
Authors: Thangaswamy A.
Published: December 2020

The present study “A study on job satisfaction of bank employees with reference to State Bank of India, Kanyakumari District” is an empirical study based on the survey conducted through census method among the employees working in the State Bank of India in Kanyakumari District. The primary data related to the employees working in the State Bank of India in Kanyakumari District have been collected through a pre-structured questionnaire, prepared by the researcher. The questionnaire contains questions pertaining to personal data, socio economic data, employment details and satisfaction in work.
ASSESMENT OF CONSUMER AWARENESS ABOUT USAGE OF FOOD LABELS AND ITS IMPACT ON FOOD BUYING BEHAVIOUR
Authors: Pal Kaur Virender , Kaur Nirmal , Qumar Neha
Published: December 2020

Food labeling enables consumers to make informed decisions when purchasing and consuming food products. Consumption of packaged food items has grown tremendously in the recent past. Despite this, the issue of consumer awareness about usage of food labeling information has attracted little research attention in developing countries. Food regulations and increased consumer awareness are forcing packaged food companies across the world to display more and more information on packaged food products. However, little is known about consumer response to such information in emerging economies. For this the data was collected with the help of interview schedule conducted amongst 60 respondents out of which 30 were male and 30 were females from higher education institutes of Pilibhit District of Uttar Pradesh. The study assesses the level of awareness about different categories of information generally displayed on food labels. The study also examines the usage of food labels information during purchase decisions of the respondents about packaged food. All 60 subjects had knowledge about food labels. Amongst male respondents 56.66 per cent were those who purchased packaged food more than once a week, 16.66 per cent purchased it once a week, 6.66 per cent purchased it once a month and 20 per cent purchased it occasionally which is quite similar as females. Gender was significantly associated with the frequency of buying packaged foods and reading food label. The usage of the information printed on packaged food was relatively high amongst the consumers while buying packaged food products. Despite a high frequency of purchasing packaged foods, the percentage of males and females reading food labels and components of food labels on a regular basis was found very less.  It is found that consumers in these three education institutes were fairly aware about the information provided on the food labels; though the level of awareness about different types of information varied. The results indicated that particular category of information was used more by the consumers while purchasing packaged food products. The results had very strong implications for researchers as well as the food companies.
AN ILLUMINATION OF 3rd YEAR, THAI ENGLISH-MAJOR UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS’ PERCEPTIONS OF NATIVE AND THAI ENGLISH TEACHERS
Authors: Goldsmith Anthony , Dennis Nutprapha
Published: December 2020

This qualitative research study examines 158 Thai EFL, 3rd-year, undergraduate students’ perceptions of Thai English teachers (TETs) and Native English teachers (NETs). The purposive convenience sample was three English-major cohorts studying at UBRU, Thailand. A content analysis of 158 ‘Compare and Contrast’ essays entitled ‘Thai English Teachers and Native English teachers’ was conducted and followed repetitive reading and coding of the data. The initial twenty-four identified codes were collapsed into five code groups. These groups were then collapsed further into two emerging themes. The research indicates that the students prefer NETs when learning Listening, Speaking and Writing skills and preferred TETs when learning Grammar. The students also clearly indicated a preference for the varied, interactive activity based teaching methods employed by NETs over the didactic, textbook, gramma-translation methods used by the TETs. The limited use of L1 in the EFL classroom was perceived as appropriate because it enabled understanding of complicated grammar concepts. It also reduced students’ interactive anxiety. The students did however indicate a preference for NETs when their perceived proficiency levels are higher. This study should aid readers understanding of Thai EFL undergraduate students and inform teaching staff about important considerations when developing EFL educational programmes in Thailand.
FISH BONE PERFORATION OF SMALL BOWEL MIMICKING ACUTE APPENDICITIS
Authors: Islam Shariful , Maughn Anthony , Harnarayn Patrick , Naraynsingh Vijay
Published: December 2020

Accidental ingestion of foreign bodies is a commonly encountered event in clinical practice. However, small bowel perforation due to a fish bone is a rare phenomenon. Often, the exact diagnosis is missed preoperatively and is revealed only at laparotomy. Delay in diagnosis and treatment can be associated with significant morbidity and mortality. We report a case of 54- year male who presented with right lower quadrant pain with nausea and vomiting. Clinically, Acute appendicitis was diagnosed. Computerized tomography (CT) of the abdomen confirmed pockets of free air in the right lower quadrant with fat streaking suggestive of perforated ileum. On exploratory laparotomy, the ileal perforation was confirmed secondary to a fish bone. Although rare, foreign body perforation of the small bowel should be entertained in the differential diagnosis in certain groups of patients presenting with acute abdomen.