bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluación del ciclo de vida del salivazo Mahanarva andigena sobre plántulas de caña de azúcar
Authors: Valle Ramirez Segundo Benedicto , Iparraguirre Cruz Miguel , Caicedo Quinche Willan Orlando , Díaz Suntaxi Luis Antonio , Uvidia Cabadiana Hernán Alberto , Carrera Sanchez Karina María Elena
Published: August 2023

El salivazo Mahanarva andigena, se destaca como una plaga de importancia económica para el cultivo de caña de azúcar de Pastaza por su amplia distribución en todas las parroquias en producción. Con el propósito de implementar estudios de la biología de este insecto plaga asociada al cultivo se determinó la duración de los estados de huevo, ninfa y adulto sobre plántulas de caña de azúcar. Para determinar el primer estado del insecto se utilizó cajas Petri de 90 x 15mm, en el laboratorio de Microbiología de la Universidad Estatal Amazónica, a una temperatura de 23 ± 1 oC y humedad relativa de 80,20 ± 5,3%, y los estados de ninfa y adulto en invernadero a temperatura media de 23,81 ± 2,59 oC con humedad relativa de 80,47±8,36. Para la alimentación de los insectos en estos estados se utilizaron plántulas de caña de azúcar cultivar POJ 93 de 30 días de edad en macetas. La duración del período embrionario de M. andigena fue de 19 ± 1,58 días, el estado de ninfa de 46,5 ± 1,29 días y el estado adulto de 19 ± 1 día. La duración total del ciclo de vida de M. andigena en Pastaza fue de 84,5 ± 3,87 días.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI TINGKAT PARTISIPASI IBU HAMIL DALAM PROGRAM ANTENATAL CARE DI PMB ZUMMATUL ATIKA
Authors: Atika Zummatul
Published: August 2023

ABSTRAK: 

Latar belakang: Kehamilan dan persalinan merupakan suatu peristiwa alamiah, namun seringkali disertai dengan risiko berupa komplikasi baik untuk ibu maupun bayinya. Komplikasi yang sering terjadi adalah perdarahan postpartum, eklamsia dan infeksi 

Tujuan penelitian: Penelitian ini bertujuan Untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan rendahnya kunjungan antenatal di PMB ZUMMATUL ATIKA

Metode Penelitian: Desain penelitian yang digunakan ialah cross sectional. Sampel penelitian ibu hamil trimester 3 di PMB ZUMMATUL ATIKAyang berjumlah 34 ibu hamil. Instrumen pengumpulan data berupa kuesioner tentang kunjungan antenatal, pendidikan, jarak tempat tinggal, dukungan keluarga. Analisis data mengunakan uji chi square.

Hasil Penelitian: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Kunjungan antenatal care ibu hamil di PMB ZUMMATUL ATIKA lebih banyak dalam kategori kunjungan tidak   lengkap sebanyak 20 orang (58,8%). Pendidikan ibu hamil di PMB ZUMMATUL ATIKA lebih banyak pada pendidikan dasar sebanyak 29 orang (85,3%). Jarak tempat tinggal ibu ke tempat pelayanan kesehatan di PMB ZUMMATUL ATIKA lebih banyak pada jarak jauh sebanyak 19 orang (55,9%). Dukungan keluarga pada ibu untuk memeriksakan kehamilannya PMB ZUMMATUL ATIKA lebih banyak pada dukungan kurang baik sebanyak 21 orang (61,8%). Tidak ada hubungan pendidikan dengan kunjungan antenatal ibu hamil di PMB ZUMMATUL ATIKA (X2=3,854; pvalue=0,146). Ada hubungan jarak tempat tinggal ke tempat pelayanan kesehatan dengan kunjungan antenatal ibu hamil di PMB ZUMMATUL ATIKA (X2=7,201; pvalue=0,007). Ada hubungan dukungan keluarga dengan kunjungan antenatal ibu hamil di PMB ZUMMATUL ATIKA (X2=22,718; pvalue=0,000).
HUBUNGAN ANTARA POLA ASUH ORANG TUA DENGAN PERILAKU BERESIKO PADA REMAJA (Usia 14-18 Tahun) di DESA KARANGDORO TEGALSARI BANYUWANGI
Authors: Zulkarnain Octo , Jayadi Alpian
Published: August 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi korelasi antara pola asuh orang tua dan perilaku beresiko pada remaja (usia 14-18 tahun) di Desa Karangdoro Tegalsari, Banyuwangi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui kuesioner dan analisis statistik menggunakan uji chi-square. Jumlah responden yang berpartisipasi sebanyak 30 orang.

 

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 76,7% orang tua di Desa Karangdoro Tegalsari, Banyuwangi menerapkan pola asuh tipe demokratis, dan sebanyak 73,3% remaja menunjukkan perilaku beresiko tingkat sedang. Analisis uji chi-square menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang signifikan (p value=0,023, p value<0,05) antara pola asuh orang tua dengan kecenderungan perilaku beresiko pada remaja di Desa Karangdoro Tegalsari, Banyuwangi.

 

Dari hasil penelitian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa pola asuh orang tua berpengaruh terhadap perilaku beresiko pada remaja di Desa Karangdoro Tegalsari, Banyuwangi. Oleh karena itu, peneliti merekomendasikan agar orang tua memberikan kebebasan kepada anak-anak mereka, namun tetap membatasi sikap dan tindakan mereka guna mengendalikan perilaku beresiko.

 

Kata Kunci: perilaku beresiko, pola asuh orang tua.
Perkembangan Remaja Yang Holistik Menurut Lukas 2:51-52 Dan Maknanya Bagi Pembentukan Karakter Remaja Masa Kini
Authors: Agoestina Eunike
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this study is to explain the development of adolescents in Luke 2: 51-52, and to determine the role of parents in physical, intellectual, socio-emotional, and spiritual development, as an effort to shape character. The development of adolescents includes four important aspects, namely physical, intellectual, socio-emotional and spiritual. Luke 2: 51-52 becomes the basis for Christian families in caring for children. The attention and care of parents who touch all aspects of development will make children become Christian teens who grow optimally both physically and spiritually, thus the child will grow by having the character of Christ.

Abstrak Indonesia 

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menjelaskan perkembangan remaja dalam Lukas 2:51-52, dan untuk mengetahui peranan orang tua dalam perkembangan fisik, intelektual, sosio emosional, dan spiritual, sebagai upaya pembentukan karakter. Perkembangan anak remaja meliputi empat aspek penting yaitu fisik, intelektual, sosio-emosional serta spiritual. Lukas 2 :51-52 menjadi dasar bagi keluarga Kristen dalam mengasuh anak. Perhatian dan pengasuhan orang tua yang menyentuh semua aspek perkembangan akan membuat anak menjadi remaja Kristen yang bertumbuh dengan maksimal baik secara jasmani maupun rohani, dengan demikian anak akan bertumbuh dengan memiliki karakter Kristus
Kepemimpinan Dinamis Dalam Institusi Gereja
Authors: Karsono Petit Daeng
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this research is to develop dynamic leadership in church institutions so that the church experiences dynamic and significant development. The method used is qualitative with a literature approach. The results of the study show that dynamic leadership is effective leadership for advancing the church in terms of development. Dynamic leadership is leadership that can be critical and able to respond wisely to change. Effective leadership is developed through the completion of church leadership tasks starting from managing all available resources to evaluation. Church leadership must be developed according to the vision, thus the leader must be visionary.

ABSTRAK BAHASA INDONESIA

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengembangkan kepemimpinan dinamis di institusi gereja agar gereja mengalami perkembangan yang dinamis dan signifikan. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan literatur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kepemimpinan dinamis adalah kepemimpinan yang efektif untuk memajukan gereja dalam kaitannya dengan pengembangan. Kepemimpinan yang dinamis adalah kepemimpinan yang bisa bersifat kritis dan mampu menyikapi perubahan secara bijaksana. Kepemimpinan efektif dikembangkan melalui penyelesaian tugas-tugas kepemimpinan gereja mulai dari pengaturan memanfaatkan semua sumber daya yang ada sampai dengan evaluasi. Kepemimpinan gereja harus dikembangkan seturut visi, dengan demikian pemimpin harus bersifat visoner.
Front Matter
Authors: JOCER: Journal of Civic Education Research
Published: August 2023

JOCER: Journal of Civic Education Research
FUZZY INFERENCE SYSTEM FOR DIAGNOSING STRESS AND ITS EVOLUTION IN LAYING HENS
Authors: PANIAGUA MEDINA JUAN JOSE , Camargo Carmona Sarahí , GUZMAN CHAVEZ ANA DINORA , Vargas Rodríguez Everardo
Published: August 2023

In this work a fuzzy inference system design to estimate if laying hens present some level of stress without an expert intervention, as a poultry veterinarian, is presented. Additionally, in small farms usually hens diagnosed as stressed are isolated during some days until they are recovered. Moreover, isolated hens are diary examined by the expert to diagnose if the stress has disappeared. Here, it is important to point out that experts usually are unable to estimate the number of days that the hen will need to be kept in isolation until they are recovered. Therefore, as an additional advantage of the proposed FIS is that it can estimate this parameter. In this way it is shown that with the proposed FIS it was possible to determine with an accuracy of 98.62% the stress level and of 90.41% the number of days that the hen will require in isolation. Furthermore, the confusion matrices for these two variables shown that in most of the cases the incorrect estimations have an error of ±1 stress level and ±1 days of isolation. Finally, it is shown that it is feasible to implement this FIS because of the inferences are performed with variables that can be easily measured or identified by non-experts in the hen stress diagnostic. Consequently, it can help to minimize the frequency of the expert intervention in the process.

Keywords: Fuzzy Logic, Inference System, Laying Hens, Stress, Classification.
Resultant equations for training load monitoring during a standard microcycle in sub-elite youth football: a principal components approach
Authors: Teixeira José Eduardo , Forte Pedro , Ferraz Ricardo , Branquinho Luís , Morgans Ryland , Silva António José , Monteiro António Miguel , Barbosa Tiago M.
Published: August 2023

Applying data-reduction techniques to extract meaningful information from electronic performance and tracking systems (EPTS) has become a hot topic in football training load (TL) monitoring. The aim of this study was to reduce the dimensionality of the internal and external load measures, by a principal component approach, to describe and explain the resultant equations for TL monitoring during a standard in-season microcycle in sub-elite youth football. Additionally, it is intended to identify the most representative measure for each principal component. A principal component analysis (PCA) was conducted with a Monte Carlo parallel analysis and VariMax rotation to extract baseline characteristics, external TL, heart rate (HR)-based measures and perceived exertion. Training data were collected from sixty sub-elite young football players during a 6-week training period using 18 Hz global positioning system (GPS) with inertial sensors, 1 Hz short-range telemetry system, total quality recovery (TQR) and rating of perceived exertion (RPE). Five principal components accounted for 68.7% of the total variance explained in the training data. Resultant equations from PCA was subdivided into: (1) explosiveness, accelerations and impacts (27.4%); (2) high-speed running (16.2%); (3) HR-based measures (10.0%); (4) baseline characteristics (8.3%); and (5) average running velocity (6.7%). Considering the highest factor in each principal component, decelerations (PCA 1), sprint distance (PCA 2), average HR (PCA 3), chronological age (PCA 4) and maximal speed (PCA 5) are the conditional dimension to be considered in TL monitoring during a standard microcycle in sub-elite youth football players. Current research provides the first composite equations to extract the most representative components during a standard in-season microcycle in sub-elite youth football players. Futures research should expand the resultant equations within training days, by considering other well-being measures, technical-tactical skills and match-related contextual factors.
Efficacy of Ultrasound Guided Single Level Paravertebral Block vs Transmuscular Quadratus Lumborum Block (III) for Postoperative Analgesia after Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy Surgeries- A Randomised Clinical Study
Authors: Devaram Vijetha , Priyadarshini A Shiny , Chaithanya Kandukuru Krishna , Mallela Sukanya , Gunapati Chaitanya , Ravipati Prabhavathi
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Pain control forms an essential component of enhanced recovery after surgery. Regional nerve blocks forms the mainstay of pain relief now-a-days. Pain after Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL) surgeries is always distressing to the patient due to injury to the renal capsule. Aim: To compare the efficacy of Ultrasound (USG) guided Paravertebral Block (PVB) versus Quadratus Lumborum Block (QLB) for postoperative analgesia following PCNL surgeries. Materials and Methods: This randomised clinical study was done between February 2021 to August 2022 at Narayana Medical College and Hospitals, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India. Sixty patients of American Society of Anaesthesiology (ASA) I and II between 30-60 years age group undergoing PCNL surgeries were divided into two groups. Group P received USG guided PVB at T9-T10 level with 20 mL of 0.25% Levobupivacaine with 8 mg Dexamethasone whereas group Q received QLB (III) with 20 mL of 0.25% Levobupivacaine with 8 mg Dexamethasone. Visual Analogue Score (VAS), time for first rescue analgesic and number of patients requiring rescue analgesic in first 24 hours were measured. unpaired t-test was used to compare continuous variables whereas the Chi-square test was to compare the categorical variables. Results: There was no statistical difference in terms of sex, age, weight, height or ASA grade (p>0.05). The mean time required for rescue analgesia in group P was around 478 minutes compared to group Q with 346 minutes which was statistically significant (p=0.001). Mean tramadol consumption in group Q was significantly high (155 mg) compared to group P (125 mg). VAS was significantly better in group P. Conclusion: USG guided single level PVB provides superior analgesia compared to transmuscular QLB for postoperative analgesia after PCNL surgeries which helps in enhanced recovery after surgery.
Cephalhaematoma Mimicking an Extradural Haematoma due to MirrorImage Artifact on Sonography in a Term Neonate: A Case Report
Authors: Basany Laxman , Karthik G Naga , Priyanka G Naga , Abhishek RK
Published: August 2023

Cephalhaematomas and subgaleal haematomas are among the most common birth injuries and are associated with birth trauma, forceps, and vacuum-assisted deliveries. They present as scalp swelling and are usually identified shortly after birth. During sonographic examination, if an ultrasound beam scatters off a mirror-like interface, it creates mirror-image artifacts that can cause a diagnostic dilemma. In this case report, a six-day-old neonate presented with a right-side parietal cephalhaematoma that appeared to resemble an epidural haematoma on routine sonographic examination. Gray scale ultrasound revealed an anechoic structure resembling an epidural haematoma in the right parietal region. However, a non-contrast-enhanced computed tomography (NECT) scan of the brain showed a cephalhaematoma without an underlying epidural haematoma. Further evaluation using colour Doppler sonography revealed normal vascular findings within an anechoic space, and gray scale imaging in the sagittal plane showed normal cerebral parenchyma without midline shift. These findings helped identify the observed structure as a mirror-image artifact. It is important to note that these artifacts can lead to diagnostic errors, resulting in additional investigations and causing anxiety for parents. Understanding and being aware of these artifacts can help avoid unnecessary imaging and reduce radiation exposure.
Utilization Trends of the Kisan Credit Card (KCC) Beneficiaries
Authors: Srivani K.
Published: August 2023

One of the most essential resources in contemporary agriculture is credit. As a result, there is a need to expand agricultural finance, boost land productivity, and raise the potential and effectiveness of using water resources for agricultural output. Credit is needed, among other things, for the adoption of agricultural technology, the purchase of contemporary inputs and tools, the development of land, the purchase of animals, and the purchase of raw materials. By enabling farmers to satisfy their credit needs throughout the whole cycle of crop production and at the same time providing money for investment reasons, agriculture credit plays a significant role in preserving agricultural production. To better understand "Utilization Trends of Kisan Credit Card (KCC) Beneficiaries," the current study was proposed. Descriptive research design was used for the study. For this study, 120 farmers were specifically chosen as a sample from the Eligaid mandal of Peddapalli District of Telangana Sate. According to the data, the majority of respondents had socio-economic profiles that are on the middle level. It was discovered that majority of respondents had a medium level of utility for the Kisan Credit Card. Age, education, home type; landholding, annual income, family type, savings increased, income levels increased by this scheme and level of utility etc. were all found to be significantly associated with the credit utilization of the Kisan credit card at 0.05 level of significance by applied the chi-square and one-way ANOVA statistical tests in SPSS.
Yield Attributes and Yield of Wheat Affected by Irrigation Schedules and Varieties under HAT Zone Conditions of Andhra Pradesh, India
Authors: Ramunaidu P. V. S. , Sekhar D. , Sowjanya A. , Srinivas D. , Pavankumar P. , Babu P.
Published: August 2023

Aims: A field experiment was conducted to assess the impact of various irrigation schedules and wheat varieties on yield characteristics and yield of wheat in Andhra Pradesh's high altitude and tribal area (HAT) zone.

Study Design:  Split-plot design was used to conduct the research experiment.

Place and Duration of Study: Regional Agricultural Research Station, Chintapalle, Visakhapatnam, ANGRAU, Andhra Pradesh. The study was conducted during Rabi season 2021-22.

Methodology: Split-plot design was used to conduct the experiment in which as main plots, there were three irrigation schedules—irrigation at CRI, maximum tillering, jointing, flowering, and milking stages (M1); irrigation at CRI, flowering, and milking stages (M2); and irrigation at CRI and milking stages (M3)—and four varieties—DBW-252(V1), HI-1544(V2), HI-8759(V3), and HI-8713(V4)—as subplots. The parameters of Spike length, Spike weight, number of productive tillers m-2, number of grains spike-1, number of filled grains spike-1, 1000 grain weight, grain yield, straw yield, biological yield, and harvest index were found to be superior with five irrigations scheduled at CRI, maximum tillering, jointing, flowering, and milking stages. Among the varieties, HI-8759 recorded the highest values, which were comparable to HI-8713.

Results: Spike length, spike weight, no. of productive tillers m-2, no. of grains spike-1, no. of filled grains spike-1, 1000 grain weight found superior with five irrigations schedules. The highest values among the variations were achieved by HI-8759 and were comparable to HI-8713.The five irrigation schedule resulted in higher grain and straw yields. Despite the fact that there was a reduced grain yield with two irrigations, the straw yield was statistically equal with three irrigations. With five irrigations, the harvest index (%) was much higher, while with two irrigations, it was significantly lower. However, HI-8759 had a much greater grain and straw production than the other cultivars. The straw yield remained at HI-8713 levels. The HI-8759's harvest index outperformed all other kinds by a wide margin. With HI-1544, the lowest grain and straw yields were noted.

Conclusion: Wheat yield was dramatically increased by five different irrigation regimens applied at various phenological phases. The maximum yield was recorded by variety HI-8759, which was comparable to variety HI-8713 in terms of biological and straw yields.
Isolation and Screening of Lignocellulolytic Microbes from Cow Dung for Rapid Composting of Rice Straw
Authors: Anveshitha A. , Bandeppa S. , Triveni S. , Shailaja K. , Latha P. C. , Rajani G.
Published: August 2023

The present work aimed to isolate and screen the lignocellulolytic microbes from cow dung, partially decomposed straw, forest soil. A total of 60 isolates from which 41 bacterial, 15 fungal and 4 actinomycetes distinct isolates were obtained were further subjected to lignocellulolytic screening. The 60 isolates when screened for their ability to produce cellulase enzyme 21 bacterial isolates showed positive. Highest halo zone was shown with greater hydrolysis capacity ranging from 1.04 to 2.58. The 60 isolates were then subjected to screening for lignolytic activity by using methylene blue, azure B as indicator for bacteria and tannic acid as indicator for fungi. Out of them 11 bacterial isolates showed decolourisation of methylene blue and azure B and 4 fungal isolates were found to exhibit positive for tannic acid assay which is indication for lignolytic activity. Among these 60 isolates 3 bacterial isolates CD-5, PDS-3, and PDS-6 showed both cellulolytic and lignolytic activity.
Performance of Nano- DAP under Rice-Wheat Cropping System in Vertisol of Chhattisgarh, India
Authors: Sahu Deepika , Banwasi Rakesh , Shrivastava L. K. , Chowdhury Tapas , Jatav Gaurav , Kumar Harendra
Published: August 2023

A field experiment was carried out in research farm, IGKV, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India during Rabi 2020-2021 and Kharif 2021-22 under rice- wheat cropping system at Research Farm, College of Agriculture, Raipur, (IGKV). The experiment was laid out with 12 treatments of rice and wheat in randomized block design. Treatments of rice in Kharif season includes (T1) Absolute Control (N0:P0:K0), (T2) 0% P (Control P0); (NPK @ 120:0:40), (T3) 100% P through DAP (NPK @ RDF 120:60:40), (T4) 75% P through DAP (NPK @120:45:40), (T5) 50% P through DAP (NPK @120:30:40), (T6) T4 + Root Dipping @ 5 ml /L + Foliar Spray @ 2 ml/ L at 30 DAT with Nano DAP, (T7) T4 + Root Dipping @ 5 ml /L + Foliar Spray @ 4 ml/ L at 30 DAT with Nano DAP, (T8) T5 + Root Dipping @ 5 ml /L + Foliar Spray @ 2 ml/ L at 30 DAT with Nano DAP, (T9) T5 + Root Dipping @ 5 ml /L + Foliar Spray @ 4 ml/ L at 30 DAT with Nano DAP, (T10) T5 + Root Dipping @ 5 ml / L + Foliar Spray @ 2 ml / L at 25 and 45 DAT with Nano DAP, (T11) T5 + Root Dipping @ 5 ml / L + Foliar Spray @ 4 ml / L at 25 and 45 DAT with Nano DAP and (T12) T5 + Seed Treatment @ 5 ml / kg seed + Foliar Spray @ 4 ml / L at 30 DAT with Nano DAP. In rice the results of soil microbial biomass carbon showed that higher values were recorded in treatments with 100 % P through DAP. Results of fungus reveals that 100 % and 75 % P through DAP obtained significantly higher soil fungus colony count. The results of total bacteria showed that 100 %, 75 % P through DAP and T4 + Root Dipping @ 5 ml /L + Foliar Spray @ 2 and 4 ml/ L at 30 DAT with Nano DAP obtained significantly higher soil total bacteria. The results of PSB reveals that 50% P through DAP and treatments in combination with 50% P through DAP and Nano-DAP obtained significantly higher phosphorus solubilizing bacteria.
Profile of Oral Diseases and Associated Factors in the Elderly in the Buea Health District, Cameroon
Authors: Munge Tiayah , Ngunde Palle John , Dzemo Kibu Odette , Nicholas Tendongfor
Published: August 2023

Background: Demographic projections estimate a future global increase in the number of elderly with increase susceptibility to chronic and life-threatening diseases increases such as poor oral health conditions. This reduces quality of life, as it restricts food choices, affects esthetics and reduces self-esteem among the elderly. The aim of this study was to determine the profile of oral health pathologies of the elderly in the Buea Health District.  

Materials and Methods: A cross- sectional study was conducted in four communities and major health facilities of the Buea Health District. Participants were interviewed to collect data on socio-demographic characteristics, determinants of oral health, and oral hygiene behavior.  Oral cavity examination was also carried out to assess the oral hygiene behavior of the elderly. The data was analyzed in SPSS version 26.

Results: Out of 386 participants examined, 372 (96.4%) had at least one oral pathology. Dental caries was most prevalent (67.9%) with mean decay- missing- filled index (DMF) of 14.3 ± 8.7, followed by periodontitis (45.6%), gingivitis (45.6%) and edentulism (39.1%). Determinants of oral pathologies included tooth brushing frequency, health area, level of education, marital status and occupation. The mean score of oral hygiene behavior was 2.88±1.36, with 71.2% of participants with good oral hygiene behavior. There was a significant association between poor oral hygiene behavior and dental caries.

Conclusion: There was a high prevalence of oral pathologies amongst the elderly of Buea Health District. Poor oral hygiene practice was associated with dental caries which was the most prevalent oral pathology.
Immunotherapy‐Resistant Neuropathic Pain and Fatigue Predict Quality‐of‐Life in Contactin‐Associated Protein‐Like 2 Antibody Disease
Authors: Ceronie Bryan , Strippel Christine , Uy Christopher , Paneva Sofija , Makuch Mateusz , Soleimani Babak , Turaga Sanchit , Binks Sophie , Ramanathan Sudarshini , Michael Sophia , Varley James , Easton Ava , Themistocleous Andreas , Dawes John , Bennett David L. , Irani Anushka , Handel Adam E. , Irani Sarosh R.
Published: January 2025

The long‐term clinical outcomes and associated prognostic factors in contactin‐associated protein‐like 2 (CASPR2)‐antibody diseases are unknown. A total of 75 participants with CASPR2 antibodies were longitudinally assessed for disability, quality‐of‐life, and chronic pain. Although most symptoms improved within 6 months of treatment, neuropathic pain and fatigue were the most immunotherapy refractory, and persisted for up to 6 years. Furthermore, these two factors—but not CASPR2 antibody levels or subclasses—independently predicted worse disability and quality‐of‐life at 24 months. Quality‐of‐life varied widely for any given modified Rankin Scale score, indicating a divergence between patient and clinician assessed outcomes. Further work should study the relative importance of these measures, and the immunopathogenesis underlying intractable symptoms. ANN NEUROL 2025;97:521–528
One‐Step Ethylene Purification from Ternary Mixture through Adaptive Recognition Sites
Authors: Song Danhua , Zou Shuixiang , Ji Zhenyu , Li Yashuang , Li Hengbo , Zhou Yunzhe , Chen Cheng , Chen Qihui , Wu Mingyan
Published: January 2025

One‐step adsorptive purification of ethylene (C2H4) from ternary mixture comprising of acetylene (C2H2), ethylene (C2H4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) is a great challenge in the chemical industry. Herein, a microporous metal–organic framework (FJI‐H38) has been reported, which possesses high‐density electronegative O/N binding sites and appropriate pore size. Notably, at 0.01 bar and 298 K FJI‐H38 shows excellent trapping capability for C2H2 (1.64 mmol/g) and CO2 (2.33 mmol/g), while the uptake of C2H4 is only 0.41 mmol/g, which endows FJI‐H38 high C2H2/C2H4 and top‐level CO2/C2H4 selectivity simultaneously. Polymer‐grade C2H4 (≥99.95 %) with record‐high productivity can be successfully obtained from ternary C2H2/CO2/C2H4 mixture in one step under various conditions. Even at 318 K, the separation performance has no obvious decrease. Such excellent separation performance is due to the adaptive recognition of C2H2 and CO2 by FJI‐H38 through the synergistic effect of appropriate pore size and the match of electrostatic potentials, where C2H2 and CO2 can be stabilized by the O/N and aromatic ring sites.
Activatable Photosensitizer Prodrug for Self‐Amplified Immune Therapy Via Pyroptosis
Authors: Liang Ping‐Zhao , Ren Li‐Li , Yan Ying‐Hong , Li Zhe , Yang Fei‐Yu , Ren Tian‐Bing , Yuan Lin , Zhang Xiao‐Bing
Published: January 2025

Immunotherapy is a promising cancer treatment, but its application is hindered by tumors’ low immunogenicity and the difficulty of immune cell infiltration. Here, to address above issues and achieve targeted tumor treatment, we designed the first activated small molecule photosensitizer immune‐prodrug HDIM based on pyroptosis, and proposed a self‐amplified immune therapy strategy (SITS) for enhanced tumor therapy. HDIM can be specifically activated by the tumor hypoxia and then simultaneously initiate immuno‐therapy and photodynamic therapy (PDT)‐induced pyroptosis with NIR laser irradiation. Mechanism study demonstrated that the immunogenicity in tumor can be significantly enhanced by HDIM‐induced pyroptosis and immune cells are recruited, thus effectively amplifying the therapeutic effect of the released immune drugs. As proof of application, we have utilized HDIM for primary tumor and distant tumor therapy. And the experiment results showed that compared to current monotherapy as well as simple combination therapy, the photosensitizer prodrug HDIM exhibited much superior tumor treatment effect owing to its synchronous activation of pyroptosis and immuno‐therapy in tumor.
Upcycling Polynorbornene Derivatives into Chemically Recyclable Multiblock Linear and Thermoset Plastics
Authors: Liu Kun , Battson Megan E. , Hu Zhitao , Zhao Yucheng , Rettner Emma M. , Miscall Joel , Rorrer Nicholas A. , Miyake Garret M.
Published: January 2025

Synthetic polymers have found widespread use, but their ineffective end‐of‐life treatment is causing a significant environmental and human health crisis. Here, we demonstrate the upcycling of polynorbornene derivatives (pNBEs) through their deconstruction into distinct oligomeric buildings blocks that can be repolymerized into chemically recyclable pNBEs‐like multiblock polymers via dehydrogenative polymerization. The resulting materials exhibit diverse mechanical properties, while integrating high melting temperatures (Tm as high as 133 °C). Notably, this method could also enable the selective deconstruction of permanently cross‐linked polydicyclopentadiene (pDCPD) thermosets into telechelic‐OH functionalized oligomers, overcoming the significant challenges posed by their robust network structure in recycling and degradation. The resulting pDCPD oligomers can subsequently be repolymerized with macrodiols to create multiblock thermosets with tunable mechanical properties, including Young's modulus and tensile elongation. After use, upcycled plastics could be effectively deconstructed back to the oligomers for recovery and repolymerization. Overall, this work establishes an approach that can be utilized to upcycle pNBEs into previously inaccessible multiblock thermosets and thermoplastics with full recyclability, and may be generalizable to a range of polymers to shift their end‐of‐life waste disposal toward sustainable recovery and reuse.
Manipulating Charge Distribution at Organic‐inorganic Interface via Optimizing Substituents for Sustainable Water Electrolysis
Authors: Jiang Ling , Hao Yixin , Gu Mingzheng , Deng Liming , Chen Qiao , Zhang Xiaojun , Li Linlin , Peng Shengjie , Wang Guangfeng
Published: January 2025

The space charge effect induced by high‐quality heterojunctions is essential for efficient electrocatalytic processes. Herein, we delicately manipulate intermolecular charge transfer by modifying substituents (‐g = ‐CH3, ‐H, ‐NO2) with various electron donating/withdrawing capabilities in CoPc‐g/CoS organic‐inorganic heterostructures. CoPc‐CH3, as a typical electron donor, transfers more electrons to CoS due to the presence of ‐CH3, forming the strongest space electric field and thus regulating the dual active sites at the interface. Furthermore, oxygen‐containing intermediates preferentially adsorb on the positively charged CoPc‐CH3 side, and the rapid accumulation of electrons on the CoS side decelerates catalyst dissolution at the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) potential, ensuring the stable OER process under the optimized adsorbate evolution mechanism. As a result, CoPc‐CH3/CoS catalyst exhibits the lowest overpotential and remains stable for 150 h at 0.5 A cm‐2 in the membrane electrode assembly electrolyzer. The method provides a novel strategy for accurately regulating the space electric field of heterojunctions.
Estimating Human Fat and Muscle Conductivity From 100 Hz to 1 MHz Using Measurements and Modelling
Authors: Kangasmaa Otto , Laakso Ilkka , Schmid Gernot
Published: January 2025

The electrical conductivity of human tissues is a major source of uncertainty when modelling the interactions between electromagnetic fields and the human body. The aim of this study is to estimate human tissue conductivities in vivo over the low‐frequency range, from 30 Hz to 1 MHz. Noninvasive impedance measurements, medical imaging, and 3D surface scanning were performed on the forearms of ten volunteer test subjects. This data set was used to create subject‐specific forearm models, numerically solve an electrostatic forward problem, after which the tissue conductivities could be estimated by solving a probabilistic inverse problem. The electrical conductivity of skeletal muscle was found to be highly anisotropic at frequencies below 10 kHz, with conductivities of 0.13 (95% credible interval (CrI): 0.10–0.16) S/m perpendicular and 0.56 (CrI: 0.52–0.60) S/m parallel to the muscle fibre direction. This anisotropy decreased with increasing frequency with these values being 0.65 (CrI: 0.48–1.00) S/m and 0.78 (CrI: 0.72–0.85) S/m at 1 MHz. The conductivity of subcutaneous fat was found to be almost constant across the considered frequency range, with values of 0.21 (CrI: 0.12–0.31) S/m and 0.22 (CrI: 0.07–0.37) S/m at 10 kHz and 1 MHz, respectively. Our study provides robust uncertainty bounds for human tissue conductivity values, which are crucial in the computational assessment of human electromagnetic field exposure. Additionally, our findings are applicable to other fields of modelling such as medical stimulation or measurement technologies.
“Revealing Therapy's Traces” After Termination: A Qualitative Change and Follow‐Up Study
Authors: Arias Nicole , Cerda Rocío , Rizo Javier , Dufey Michele
Published: January 2025

Background

In psychotherapy research, clients' therapeutic change has been mainly addressed through quantitative studies centered on symptom reduction, leaving aside their perceptions about how this process occurs. However, clients' perspectives are crucial to clarify how therapy works and how change takes place.

Objective

This study aimed to understand clients' change experiences after receiving brief, focusing‐oriented psychotherapy at termination and at follow‐up.

Method

A qualitative approach was implemented using a phenomenological paradigm and grounded theory analysis. Participants were eight women between 18 and 44 years of age who had engaged in therapy for up to eight sessions. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted after termination and at follow‐ups between 8 and 12 months later.

Results

Results showed a central phenomenon of changes developing over time named “Revealing therapy's traces after termination”, involving a sequence of changes in different areas, such as the self, interpersonal relationships, connection with the body, regulation of emotions, and new understandings of the issues that motivated participants to engage in therapy.

Conclusion

We conclude that this brief form of psychotherapy has the potential to positively contribute to clients' long‐term mental health, which deserves further investigation.
Construction of Escherichia coli Cell Factory for Efficient Synthesis of Indigo
Authors: Luo Shiqi , Song Wei , Hu Guipeng , Wen Jian , Li Xiaomin , Gao Cong , Liu Jia , Wei Wanqing , Liu Liming
Published: January 2025

Indigo is widely used in dyes, medicines and semiconductors materials due to its excellent dyeing efficiency, antibacterial, antiviral, anticancer, anti‐corrosion, and thermostability properties. Here, a biosynthetic pathway for indigo was designed, integrating two enzymes (EcTnaA, MaFMO) into a higher L‐tryptophan‐producing the strain Escherichia coli TRP. However, the lower catalytic activity of MaFMO was a bottleneck for increasing indigo titers. To overcome this limitation, the enzyme activity of MaFMO was enhanced through mechanism‐guided rational design. The optimal mutant obtained in this study, MaFMOD197E, whose kcat/Km was 1.34 times that of the wild type, and its specific activity was 2.36 times that of the wild type. In addition, the expression levels of EcTnaA and MaFMOD197E were regulated by optimizing the promoters and increasing the copy number to generate the strain E. coli IND‐13. Finally, in the optimal fermentation conditions (220 rpm, 0.05 % Tween‐80), the strain E. coli IND‐13 achieved the indigo titer of 568.52 mg/L in a 5‐L bioreactor, with the yield and productivity of 2.62 mg/g and 12.96 mg/L/h (the highest to date), respectively. The results presented here can lay a foundation for further construction of cell factories for indigo and its derivatives with industrial application potential.
Methodological Insights on Biomarker‐Based Patient Selection: A Review of Scientific Advice Procedures at the European Medicines Agency
Authors: Huber Cynthia , Zinserling Joerg , Benda Norbert , Vetter Thorsten , Rueckbeil Marcia
Published: January 2025

Biomarkers play a pivotal role in the selection and enrollment of trial participants. Particularly, predictive biomarkers help tailor medical care to individual patients; however, also prognostic biomarkers require consideration at the design stage. At the time of initiating a clinical trial, there may be uncertainty about whether a biomarker is predictive or prognostic, and the trial design may need to account for this. Relevant discussions between drug developers and regulators on the role of a biomarker in a specific drug development program are expected to take place during Scientific Advice (SA) procedures. SA procedures at the European Medicines Agency from January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2020, were systematically searched for methodological discussions around the use of predictive or prognostic biomarkers. The final analysis included 45 SA procedures for which key characteristics were summarized quantitatively. Selected methodological issues such as the cutoff selection of continuous biomarkers or study design considerations were elaborated in a qualitative summary. Our results identify commonly encountered points for discussion between drug developers and the European Medicines Agency for biomarker‐informed patient selection and enrollment. Identified topics addressed during SA procedures include cutoff selection, study design, multiplicity control, and data‐driven subgroup selection. The majority of the identified 45 SA procedures concern development programs in oncology. Addressing these issues upfront will allow for an improved dialogue between drug developers and regulators and support the drug development program and ultimately patient‐centered access to medicines.
Life Stage‐ and Sex‐Specific Sensitivity to Nutritional Stress in a Holometabolous Insect
Authors: Brueggemann Leon , Singh Pragya , Müller Caroline
Published: January 2025

Over lifetime, organisms can be repeatedly exposed to stress, shaping their phenotype. At certain, so‐called sensitive phases, individuals might be more receptive to such stress, for example, nutritional stress. However, little is known about how plastic responses differ between individuals experiencing nutritional stress early versus later in life or repeatedly, particularly in species with distinct ontogenetic niches. Moreover, there may be sex‐specific differences due to distinct physiology. Larvae of the holometabolous turnip sawfly, Athalia rosae, consume leaves and flowers, while the adults take up nectar. We examined the effects of starvation experienced at different life stages on life‐history, adult behavioural and metabolic traits to determine which stage may be more sensitive and how specific these traits respond. We exposed individuals to four nutritional regimes, either no, larval, adult starvation or starvation periods as larvae and adults. Larvae exposed to starvation had a prolonged development, and starved females reached a lower initial adult body mass than non‐starved individuals. Males did not differ in initial adult body mass regardless of larval starvation, suggesting the ability to conform well to poor nutritional conditions. Adult behavioural activity was not significantly impacted by larval or adult starvation. Individuals starved as larvae had similar carbohydrate and lipid (i.e., fatty acid) contents as non‐starved individuals, potentially due to building up energy reserves during development, while starvation during adulthood or at both stages led to reduced energy reserves in males. This study indicates that the sensitivity of a life stage to stress depends on the specific trait under consideration. Life‐history traits were mainly affected by larval stress, while activity appeared to be more robust and metabolism mostly impacted by the adult conditions. Individuals differed in their ability to conform to the given environment, with the responses being life stage‐ and sex‐specific.
A Novel Structure of High Voltage Gain DC‐DC Converters for Photovoltaic (PV) Applications
Authors: Karimian Farzad , Nahavandi Ali , Pakbaz Pouria
Published: January 2025

In this paper, a new structure of high‐voltage‐gain DC‐DC boost converters is proposed for photovoltaic applications. The proposed converter has high voltage gain and low voltage stress on switches and diodes, which is the main factor in reducing losses and increasing circuit efficiency. The switching elements of the circuit have a common ground with each other and with the output, making the control of the switching elements simpler. This converter can be fed from two input power sources in such a way that the output voltage of two separate solar panels can be converted to input and have a high voltage level at the output. Some of the diodes that are used in the proposed converter operate under zero voltage and zero current turning on and turning off, which reduces circuit losses. The proposed converter has two modes of operation. After analysis and calculations, the proposed converter is simulated using Matlab/Simulink. Finally, a laboratory prototype of the proposed converter is presented to verify its performance.
Case report: Management of acute progressive hemothorax in pregnancy complicated by maternal pulmonary sequestration
Authors: Jiang Mengmeng , Wei Zengtao
Published: January 2025

Pulmonary sequestration is a rare pulmonary malformation, typically characterized by asymptomatic presentation or recurrent pulmonary infections, with chest pain and hemothorax being exceedingly rare occurrences. The rupture and hemorrhage of maternal pulmonary sequestration during pregnancy pose a life‐threatening condition that is challenging to diagnose. We present a case of a 37‐year‐old pregnant woman in her third trimester who presented with acute progressive hemothorax, a complication arising from maternal pulmonary sequestration. The patient experienced chest pain, which was followed by a decrease in blood pressure, albeit without a concomitant drop in blood oxygen saturation. Within a critical 24‐h window, an emergency cesarean section was performed, promptly followed by a right inferior lobectomy. Intraoperative diagnosis confirmed pulmonary sequestration. Fortunately, both the patient and the newborn had a favorable prognosis post‐surgery. The diagnosis of pulmonary sequestration in pregnancy is challenging and can present with non‐specific symptoms. Clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for pulmonary sequestration, especially in cases of unexplained chest pain or hemothorax during pregnancy. Timely surgical intervention can be life‐saving and is crucial for maternal and fetal well‐being.
VGX: VGG19‐Based Gradient Explainer Interpretable Architecture for Brain Tumor Detection in Microscopy Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MMRI)
Authors: Kothadiya Deep , Rehman Amjad , AlGhofaily Bayan , Bhatt Chintan , Ayesha Noor , Saba Tanzila
Published: January 2025

The development of deep learning algorithms has transformed medical image analysis, especially in brain tumor recognition. This research introduces a robust automatic microbrain tumor identification method utilizing the VGG16 deep learning model. Microscopy magnetic resonance imaging (MMRI) scans extract detailed features, providing multi‐modal insights. VGG16, known for its depth and high performance, is utilized for this purpose. The study demonstrates the model's potential for precise and effective diagnosis by examining how well it can differentiate between areas of normal brain tissue and cancerous regions, leveraging both MRI and microscopy data. We describe in full the pre‐processing actions taken to improve the quality of input data and maximize model efficiency. A carefully selected dataset, incorporating diverse tumor sizes and types from both microscopy and MRI sources, is used during the training phase to ensure representativeness. The proposed modified VGG19 model achieved 98.81% validation accuracy. Despite good accuracy, interpretation of the result still questionable. The proposed methodology integrates explainable AI (XAI) for brain tumor detection to interpret system decisions. The proposed study uses a gradient explainer to interpret classification results. Comparative statistical analysis highlights the effectiveness of the proposed explainer model over other XAI techniques.
Atypical Patients With Severe Fever With Thrombocytopenia Syndrome
Authors: Yang Xin , Si Guang‐Qian , Ge Hong‐Han , Li Chun‐Hui , Cui Ning , Yuan Yi‐Mei , Zhou Chao , Li Hao , Zhang Xiao‐Ai , Lin Ling , Bao Peng‐Tao , Liu Wei
Published: January 2025

Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging tick‐borne disease with a high fatality rate. The clinical diagnosis criteria mainly rely on white blood cell (WBC) and platelet (PLT), which, however, are of limited usage in identifying atypical SFTS. A multicenter study was performed in two hospitals from 2011 to 2023. SFTS patients were categorized as atypical or typical based on the clinical diagnosis criteria. Clinical progress and outcomes were compared between the two groups. A total of 2876 laboratory‐confirmed SFTS patients were included in this study, 90.54% (2604/2876) of whom exhibited both thrombocytopenia and leukopenia and were defined as typical SFTS patients, while 9.46% (272/2876) were defined as atypical SFTS patients. Patients with typical SFTS were more likely to develop complications (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 2.09, 95% confidence interval [CI]:1.48–2.92, p < 0.001) and fatal outcomes (adjusted OR = 2.24, 95% CI: 1.37–3.89, p = 0.002) compared to patients with atypical SFTS. Among atypical patients, those with decreased PLT and normal WBC levels (PLT↓ and WBC→) experienced increased complication rates (adjusted OR = 2.76, 95% CI: 1.30–6.05, p < 0.001) compared to those with decreased WBC and normal PLT (WBC↓ and PLT→). In the typical group, 238 patients developed thrombocytopenia earlier than leukocytopenia (defined as the TL group), while 311 subjects developed leukocytopenia earlier than thrombocytopenia (defined as the LT group). Compared to the LT group, patients in the TL group were more likely to develop fatal outcomes (HR = 1.91, 95% CI: 1.04–3.50). These findings highlight the presence of atypical SFTS cases that did not meet the clinical diagnosis criteria. Clinical profiles and outcomes differed between typical and atypical SFTS patients. A less stringent diagnostic criterion than combined thrombocytopenia and leukopenia is suggested for making clinical diagnoses within 7 days of disease onset.
ID Asks/Ajit Ninan
Authors: Peruvemba Sri
Published: January 2025

Inventor, Technologist, Risk‐Taker, and a Man with a Thousand Ideas