bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH BUDAYA TERHADAP PANGAN, SISTEM BUDAYA TERHADAP MAKANAN, MASALAH BUDAYA DAN MAKANAN TERHADAP GIZI, SOLUSI MENGATASI MASALAH BUDAYA DAN MAKANAN TERHADAP GIZI DAN KESEHATAN
Authors: Mangallo Citra
Published: December 2021

Indonesia adalah satu bangsa yang memiliki keanekaragaman budaya yang terbentang dari Sabang sampai Merauke dengan latar belakang etnis, suku dan tata kehidupan sosial yang berbeda satu dengan yang lain. Hal ini telah memberikan suatu formulasi struktur sosial masyarakat yang turut mempengaruhi pola makan. Begitu banyak penemuan para ahli sosiolog dan ahli gizi menyatakan bahwa faktor budaya turut berperan dalam proses terjadinya kebiasaan makan dan bentuk makanan itu sendiri, sehingga dapat menimbulkan berbagai masalah gizi apabila faktor makanan itu tidak diperhatikan secara baik oleh yang mengonsumsinya. Kecenderungan lain yang muncul dari suatu budaya terhadap makanan sangat tergantung dari potensi alamnya atau faktor pertanian yang dominan. contohnya saja orang Jawa makanan pokoknya akan berbeda dengan orang timur ataupun orang Sulawesi. setiap suku yang ada tentunya mempunyai makanan pokoknya tersendiri titik keberagaman dan keunikan budaya yang dimiliki oleh suatu suku atau masyarakat tertentu merupakan wujud dari gagasan, tindakan, rasa ataupun karya yang sangat menjiwai aktivitas keseharian baik itu dalam tatanan sosial maupun teknis dan ekonomi yang turut membentuk karakter fisik suatu makanan baik itu seperti menu, pola ataupun bahan dasar.
Questioning in the 3D-Mindsponge-Serendipity (3DMS) system
Authors: Khuc Quy Van
Published: December 2021

The role of the right questions in the 3D-Mindsponge-Serendipity (3DMS) system
Review sosioantropologi
Authors: Magfirah Fifi
Published: December 2021

Sebagai masalah kesehatan , masyarakat menangani masalah gizi tidak dapat dilakukan dengan pendekatan medis dan pelayanan kesehatan saja
FALSAFAH RELIGIUS TORAJA SEBAGAI JEMBATAN PENDIDIKAN IMAN DAN KARAKER DI TENGAH ALUK,ADAT,DAN KEBUDAYAA TORAJA
Authors: Rombebunga Oktopianus
Published: December 2021

Dalam tulisan ini, beberapa kajian sebagai refleksi membaca dari beberapa buku referensi,karakteristik budaya toraja yang menggambarkan sebuah budaya toraja yang masih sangat kental dan juga masih identik degan ciri khasnya budaya toraja dan bahkan karakteristik tersebut merujuk pada beberapa bagian-bagian tertentu dalam kebudayaan Toraja dan bahkan juga masi menunjukkan eksistensinya ditengah kebudayaan Toraja yang sangat populer di seluruh Indonesia bahnkan di seluruh dunia,dan pada prinsipnya,saya tidak dapat menjalankan refleksi teologis alukta.Bila teologi berarti refleksi atas Iman,maka hanya penganut iman/agama yang besangkutan yang dapat berteologi dalam iman dan agamanya itu.oleh karena itu dalam tulisan ini saya menghindari penggunaan istilah “teologi” dan memilih ungkapan falsafah religius Toraja.
Kedaulatan Allah dan Diskriminasi Gender Di Zaman Modern
Authors: Bola Anti
Published: December 2021

In this material, we will discuss the theological contribution to the study of God’s sovereignty in Jeremiah 18:1-17 and discuss the intentional distinction between men and women.
Pola budaya makanan dan gizi
Authors: Bakri Amelia
Published: December 2021

Kebudayaan adalah seluruh sistem gagasan dan ras, tindakan serta karya yang dihasilkan manusia dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat yang dij adikan miliknya dengan belajar.Makanan atau kebiasaan makan merupakan suatu produk budaya yang berhubungan dengan sistim tingkah laku dan tindakan yang terpola (sistim sosial) dari suatu komonitas masyarakat tertentu. Sedangkan makanan yang merupakan produk pangan sangat tergantung dari faktor pertanian di daerah tersebut dan merupakan produk dari budaya juga.
Pengaruh Pendidikan Tradisional Terhadap Pembentukan karakter Anak Toraja
Authors: Milarti Zeira
Published: December 2021

Artikel ini membahas tentang bagaimana pengaruh pendidikan tradisional yang ada dalam masyarakat Toraja terhadap perkembangan karakter anak Toraja. Penulisan ini dimaksudkan karena adanya berbagai anggapan bahwa pola pikir dan didikan tradisional tergolong sempit sehingga artikel ini memberikan gambaran tentang bagaimana pendidikan yang sebenarnya di Toraja dimana pendidikan itu diwariskan secara turun-temurun dan tentunya berpengaruh bagi pembentukan karakter generasi orang Toraja.
PENDIDIKAN KRISTEN TERHADAP SIKAP SPIRITUALITAS ANAK DAN PENERAPANNYA DALAM KEHIDUPAN SEHARI-HARI
Authors: Bintang Verlis
Published: December 2021

Abstrak: Tujuan dari penelitian ini yakni untuk memberikan pandangan terhadap anak mengenai pentingnya pertumbuhan spiritualitas bagi anak-anak kristiani saat ini. Selain itu, contoh yang baik perlu ditekankan bagi anak karena kita tahu sendiri anak saat ini mudah sekali terpengaruh dengan dunia sekitarnya. Adapun metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yakni memberikan arahan terkait dengan fakta yang di alami oleh anak, bisa juga menggunakan metode pembelajaran seperti memberikan pandangan dari beberapa literature yang membahas mengenai sikap spiritualitas bagi anak sehingga memadu rangsangan lingkungan untuk memacu perkembangan anak dengan baik.
TUGAS ARTIKEL DINDA SULIANA RAHMANILAH inovasi pend
Authors: suliana dinda
Published: December 2021

Terdapat kendala guru dalam melakukan pembelajaran daring kepada siswadiantaranya adalah kurangnya pemahaman siswa ketika melakukan proses belajar daring. Hal ini dikarenakan siswa kurang paham dengan pembelajaran yang diajarkan oleh guru karena tidak bertatap muka langsung dan guru sulit untuk memantau perkembangan belajar siswa. Faktor utama yang lebih penting lagi adalah kurangnya fasilitas yang dimilki oleh siswa ketika belajar daring karena tidak semua siswa memiliki komputer ataupun Smartphone sebagai media pembelajaran menggunakan daring. Selain itu faktor yang lain adalah paket internet yang tidak bisa dijangkau oleh semua siswa. Strategi yang dilakukan adalah dengan berkomunikasi dengan siswa secara personal dengan tujuan agar tahu sejauh mana peserta didik paham materi dan juga berkomunikasi dengan orang tua sebagai pengawas saat sedang belajar di rumah. Pembelajaranjarak jauh diterapkan untuk menghadapi adanya pandemi covid-19 selama proseskegiatan berlangsung dilakukan dengan daring dengan jadwal yang telah ditentukan oleh sekolah. Dalam kegiatannya sebelum pembelajaran dimulaidiberikan materi terlebih dahulu dan model penugasan diberikan melalui whatsapp, google drive dan goggle form. Dalam pelaksanaanynya terdapat kendala dalam penggunaan kuota dan kebosanan yang dialami oleh siswa untuk mengatasi hal tersebut sekolah membatasi penggunaan aplikasi yang dapat memakan banyak kuota dan memberikan waktu kepada siswa untuk berkomunikasi dengan teman untuk menghilangkan bosan serta memberikan motivasi selama kegiatan daring.Selama kegiatan pembelajaran jarak jauh berlangsung terdapat evaluasi salahsatunya dengan sekolah melalukan pengawasan PJJ melalui bidang kurikulum yang teknisnya sekolah menerima laporan dari orang tua dan guru. Hubungan antara orang tua dengan sekolah terjalin dengan baik, orang tua memberikan masukan dan laporan kepada sekolah perihal pelaksanaan kegiatan PJJ. Sekolah melakukan evaluasi dengan terobosan program home visit yang dilakukan secara berkelompok sesuai dengan protokol kesehatan.
Peran Keluarga dan Pendidikan untuk Membentuk Karakter dan Iman Anak
Authors: Membea' Rini Krisyanti
Published: December 2021

Kajian dalam tulisan ini hendak membahas peran dan pendidikan untuk membentuk karaktek dan iman anak. Serta peran keluarga untuk membentuk karaktek iman anak. Kajian ini juga hendak membahas bagaimana sebenarnya peran keluarga, pendidikan dalam membentuk karaktek iman anak. Pendidikan sangat penting bagi anak serta bagaimana keluarga menjadi pendukung bagi keberlangsungan pendidikan anak serta membantu untuk membentuk karakter dan iman anak. Keluarga sangat berperan penting untuk pembentukan karaktek anak dalam masa pendidikan.
Effects of an Autism Educational Presentation on High School Students’ Perceptions of Autistic Adults
Authors: Scheerer Nichole , Boucher Troy , Sasson Noah , Iarocci Grace
Published: December 2021

Background Social communication difficulties are a clinical characteristic of autism, but social interactions are reciprocal in nature and autistic individuals’ social abilities may not be the only factor influencing their social success. Non-autistic individuals’ social perceptions and behavior also contribute to autistic individuals’ social difficulties, and previous research has identified that non-autistic individuals’ perception of autistic individuals is influenced by autism knowledge and the quantity and quality of exposure to autistic people. We explored whether high school students’ perceptions of autistic adults can be improved by an autism education presentation and whether these perceptions were associated with their self-reported social competence. Methods151 senior high school students completed the First Impression Scale on video-recordings of 20 autistic and 20 non-autistic adults in social situations either before or after viewing a 50 minute autism educational presentation detailing the everyday experiences of autistic people and participating in a question-and-answer session. The students’ prior experiences with autistic people was assessed using the Quantity and Quality of Contact Scale, and their own self-perceived social competence was measured using the Multidimensional Social Competence Scale. ResultsStudents who provided their judgements after viewing the educational presentation rated autistic adults as more attractive (β = -.05, p = .042) and likeable (β = -.06, p = .029), and reported greater interest in hanging out with (β = -.06, p = .028) and being near the autistic adults (β = -.06, p = .026), relative to peers who completed their judgments before watching the presentation. Consistent with a Double Empathy framework, students who reported being more socially competent endorsed more negative judgments of autistic adults (r = .211, p = .011), whereas students reporting higher quality interactions with autistic individuals expressed more positive judgments (r = -.278, p = .010). Conclusion Improving non-autistic individuals’ understanding of autistic social behaviors, whether through educational presentations or quality interactions, may revise their expectations of social behavior and improve perceptions of autistic differences. Changing non-autistic individuals’ social expectations may provide an avenue for improving interactions for autistic individuals without putting the onus on autistic individuals to change or mask their behavior and identity.
Interested and Instrumental: An Examination of Instrumentality Regulation with Potential Romantic Partners
Authors: Chandler Kylie , Krueger Kori , Forest Amanda Lynn , Orehek Edward
Published: December 2021

Instrumentality—the extent to which one facilitates another person’s goal progress—has been described as the Rosetta Stone of attraction and promotes closeness in ongoing relationships. Yet prior work has not examined whether people might regulate their instrumentality in contexts in which they desire (versus do not desire) attraction or closeness with others. Four studies, employing imagined online scenario and in-lab experimental paradigms, examined whether people strive to be more instrumental to potential romantic partners (targets) under conditions that lead them to be more (vs. less) romantically interested in those targets. Single participants were more romantically interested in romantically available versus unavailable targets, which in turn, was associated with greater willingness to be instrumental. Results for romantically- involved participants were less consistent. Implications and future directions are discussed.
Rhythmic tapping difficulties in adults who stutter: a deficit in Central Clock and/or Motor Implementation?
Authors: Slis Anneke , Savariaux Christophe , Perrier Pascal , Garnier Maeva
Published: December 2021

The study aims to better understand the origin of increased tapping variability and inaccuracy in people who stutter during paced and un-paced tapping. The overall question is to what extent these timing difficulties are related to a central clock deficit, a deficit in motor execution, or both.Finger tapping behavior of 16 adults who stutter (PWS) with different levels of musical training was compared with performance of 16 matching controls (PNS) in three finger tapping synchronization tasks ― a simple 1:1 isochronous pattern, a complex non-isochronous pattern, and a 4 tap:1 beat isochronous pattern ―, a continuation task (without external stimulation), and a reaction task involving aperiodic and unpredictable patterns. The results show that PWS exhibited larger negative asynchrony (expressed as phase angles), and increased synchronization variability (expressed as phase locking values) in paced tapping tasks, and that these differences from the PNS group were modulated by rhythmic complexity and musical training. The tapping asynchrony with a simple isochronous pattern correlated significantly with the average inter-tap duration, and with tap reaction times during the reaction task. The synchronization variability with a simple isochronous pattern correlated significantly with both the central clock and motor implementation variances as extracted during un-paced tapping, according to the Wing and Kristofferson’s model of timing.The results support the idea that increased tapping variability of PWS is associated with both a central clock and a motor execution deficit. The greater Negative Mean Asynchrony of PWS does not appear to be attributable to a deficit in time estimation but rather to a motor deficit. Several models and theories related to deficits in sensorimotor integration were considered to explain the interactions with beat strength, pattern complexity, and musical training.
The effect of intolerance of uncertainty on anxiety and depression, and their symptom networks, during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Andrews Jack L , Li Meiwei , Minihan Savannah , Songco Annabel , Fox Elaine , Ladouceur Cecile D. , Mewton Louise , Moulds Michelle Leanne , Pfeifer Jennifer H , Van Harmelen Anne-Laura , Schweizer Susanne
Published: December 2021

Individuals vary in their ability to tolerate uncertainty. High intolerance of uncertainty is a known risk factor for mental health problems. In the current study we examined the degree to which intolerance of uncertainty predicted depression and anxiety symptoms and their interrelations across the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. We examined these associations across three time points (May 2020 – April 2021) in an international sample of adults (N = 2087, Mean age = 41.13) from three countries (UK, USA, Australia) with varying degrees of COVID-19 risk. We found that individuals with high and moderate levels of intolerance of uncertainty reported reductions in depression and anxiety symptoms over time. However, symptom levels remained significantly elevated compared to individuals with low intolerance of uncertainty. Individuals with low intolerance of uncertainty had low and stable levels of depression and anxiety across the course of the study. Network analyses further revealed that the relationships between depression and anxiety symptoms became stronger over time among individuals with high intolerance of uncertainty and identified that feeling afraid showed the strongest association with intolerance of uncertainty. Our findings are consistent with previous work identifying intolerance of uncertainty as an important risk factor for mental health problems, especially in times marked by actual health, economic and social uncertainty. The results highlight the need to explore ways to foster resilience among individuals who struggle to tolerate uncertainty, as ongoing and future geopolitical, climate and health threats will likely lead to continued exposure to significant uncertainty.
The Tangled Webs We Wreak: Examining the Structure of Aggressive Personality Using Psychometric Networks
Authors: West Samuel James , Chester David
Published: December 2021

Trait aggression is a prominent construct in the psychological literature, yet little work has sought to situate trait aggression among broader frameworks of personality. Initial evidence suggests that trait aggression may be best couched within the nomological network of the Five Factor Model (FFM). The current work sought to locate the most appropriate home for trait aggression among the FFM. We applied a preregistered regimen of psychometric network analyses to three datasets (combined N = 2,927) that contained self-reports of trait aggression and the FFM traits. Trait aggression was highly central in the factor-level networks, which contained associations consistent with the conceptualization of this construct as a lower-order component of low agreeableness. The facet-level networks revealed that the behavioral facets of trait aggression reflected low agreeableness, but that the anger and hostility facets reflected high neuroticism. The item-level network suggested that the intent to initiate aggressive encounters was the primary bridge that empirically linked trait aggression to agreeableness. Our results indicate that trait aggression is primarily a lower-order facet of agreeableness, advance our understanding of trait aggression, integrate it with broader frameworks of personality, and suggest future directions to refine this complex dispositional tendency.
Telephone Conversations Affect the Executive but not the Alerting or Orienting Network
Authors: Kunar Melina , Watson Derrick , Richards Rhiannon , Gunnell Daniel
Published: December 2021

Previous work has shown that talking on a mobile phone leads to an impairment of visual attention. Gunnell et al. (2020) investigated the locus of these dual-task impairments and found that although phone conversations led to cognitive delays in response times, other mechanisms underlying particular selective attention tasks were unaffected. Here we investigated which attentional networks, if any, were impaired by having a phone conversation. We used the Attentional Network Task (ANT) to evaluate performance of the alerting, orienting and executive attentional networks, both in conditions where people were engaged in a conversation and where they were silent. Two experiments showed that there was a robust delay in response across all three networks. However, at the individual network level, holding a conversation did not influence the size of the alerting or orienting effects but it did reduce the size of the conflict effect within the executive network. The findings suggest that holding a conversation can reduce the overall speed of responding and, via its influence on the executive network, can reduce the amount of information that can be processed from the environment.
Gobernanza en Crisis Sanitaria: Un análisis sobre la legitimidad de las medidas sanitarias adoptadas por el Gobierno de Chile
Authors: Carrillo Devia Carolina , González Javier , Martini Matías , Meléndez Maru , Campos Vicente
Published: December 2021

Investigación realizada en el marco del curso Estadística Multivariada, dictado por Juan Carlos Castillo en el Departamento de Sociología de la Universidad de Chile. Para más información contactar a les investigadores: Carolina Carrillo Devia carolina.carrillo@ug.uchile.cl
Epicentros de controversia en la publicación científica: Peer review, índices de impacto y propiedad intelectual
Authors: García-Martínez Javier
Published: December 2021

El objetivo en estas páginas es desarrollar un cartografiado de las controversias que atraviesan las publicaciones en revistas científicas a partir del despliegue de las propuestas de la teoría del actor-red. Contextualizaremos en primer lugar el lugar central que ha sido otorgado al artículo científico como formato predilecto de publicación científica, entendiendo cómo se sitúa en un mapa con respecto de los diferentes actantes relevantes que intervienen prominentemente en la producción científica. Tras situar la caja negra de las publicaciones en revistas científicas, la abriremos para ver cómo se construyen las publicaciones científicas, permitiéndonos cartografiar las controversias que se producen en el seno las mismas; colisiones y sinergias con respecto a tres epicentros clave: peer review, índices de impacto y propiedad intelectual. Dispositivos que son parte de un complejo entramado de posiciones y discursos diversos donde se articulan tanto los marcos más elitistas con respecto a la ciencia como los marcos contrahegemónicos más aperturistas. Desplazamientos y puntos de paso obligado concretos son apuntados como problemáticos en estos diferentes epicentros, siendo éstos las mismas bases del marco hegemónico actualmente presente en la ciencia. Este mapa nos permite por un lado describir las presentes resistencias y al mismo tiempo plantear la posibilidad de que otras formas de publicación científica son posibles.
COVID-19 Vaccination Rates Are Lowest among Political Outsiders in the United States
Authors: Lee Byungkyu , Chu James
Published: December 2021

Vaccine hesitancy is a critical barrier to widespread vaccination uptake and containment of the COVID-19 pandemic. In the United States, vaccines have become politically polarized, with high rates of vaccine hesitancy observed among Republicans. In contrast to prior research focusing on partisan gaps, we investigate vaccination attitudes and uptake among a group overlooked in prior research: those who are eligible to vote but did not register in the presidential elections. Drawing on nationally representative and longitudinal survey data from April 2020 to October 2021, we show that this group – whom we call “political outsiders” – represents about 16% of the U.S. population. They had the lowest vaccination rate (47%) by 2021 October, significantly lower than Republican (65%), Independent (76%), and Democratic voters (88%). Further, we find that political outsiders are less likely to trust physicians compared to other partisan groups. Because the sources they trust differ from partisans, existing public health messaging may be less likely to reach them successfully. Finally, we find that political outsiders experience more socio-economic hardships and are less integrated into society. Hence, our results underscore the importance of targeted efforts to reach this highly vulnerable population.
Scentia asexualis: Foucault, identidad, despatologización y asexualidad
Authors: García-Martínez Javier
Published: December 2021

La asexualidad como nueva emergencia identitaria reivindicada en occidente permite aplicar y poner en debate los planteamientos foucaultianos señalados en Historia de la Sexualidad, concretamente en el primer volumen, “La voluntad del saber”, donde se recogen reflexiones con respecto a la sexualidad contemporánea. Este intercambio pretende ser fructífero tanto para las teorizaciones de la sexualidad como para la investigación aplicada a la asexualidad en concreto.De este debate surge la necesidad de conceptualizar una scentia asexualis, una ciencia asexual, que se articula a partir de la controversia en choque respecto a cómo subjetivar la asexualidad. Es aquí donde encontramos un choque radical entre dos posiciones contrapuestas; patología u orientación sexual legítima. La inclusión de la asexualidad dentro del espectro fluido de la sexualidad implica un cuestionamiento profundo de la salud, especialmente la salud mental, y la identidad como categorías. Al mismo tiempo, se concluye con la importancia de una concepción fluida y abierta de la sexualidad que a su vez recoja identidades dentro de la diversidad que tengan un espacio desde el que apropiarse y a partir del cual empoderarse frente al conjunto de la sociedad.
A Study of the ST Changes in the aVR Lead on 12-Lead ECG to Identify Infarct - Related Artery (IRA) in Patients With Acute Inferior Wall Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Mahaseth Aditya , Nepal Bikas , Karki Biplave , Ghimire Jeet , Pandey Naveen , Shah Prashant , Karki Prahlad
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND:  Lead avR is a valuable but mostly ignored lead in clinical electrocardiography. Recently, ST-segment depression in lead aVR during an inferior wall myocardial infarction has been suggested as a predictor of LCX artery involvement.

METHODS: This study was a single centre cross sectional observational study done in BPKIHS, Dharan from February 2018 to January 2020. Patients presenting to the OPD or emergency room of BPKIHS diagnosed as acute inferior wall myocardial infarction based on clinical symptoms, ECG and/or Cardiac tropinin I levels, and planned for coronary angiography, meeting the inclusion and exclusion criterias were included.

RESULTS: Among 134 cases, male:female ratio was 1.3:1. Overall, 38 patients (28.4%) were found to have aVR depression and 96 patients (71.6%) were without aVR depression. The culprit artery was found to be the right coronary artery in 95 patients (70.9%), the LCx in 39 patients (29.1%). The sensitivity and specificity of ST-segment depression in lead aVR for LCx as the culprit artery were 92.3% and 97.9% respectively. Positive predictive and Negative predictive value for LCx as the culprit arteries were 94.74% and 96.87%. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value for RCA as the culprit artery were 97.89%, 92.3%, 96.89% and 94.73% respectively.

CONCLUSION: Significant ST depression in aVR is associated with a higher specificity and good sensitivity for LCX lesions, the ST changes in this lead should be carefully examined in all patients who are suspected of having inferior wall myocardial infarction.
Ultrasound fetal biometry in third trimester in urban Nepalese population
Authors: Kayastha Bhuwan , Giri Shahjan Raj , Gurung Bibek , Panta Om Biju
Published: December 2021

INTRODUCTION: Fetal biometry is an important component of fetal growth surveillance and can detect small for gestation age fetuses. However, we use growth curves from studies done in other high-income countries and do not have a standard of our own. This study aims to study the deviation of biometry and expected fetal weight from these curves in pregnancy with normal birth weight term deliveries.

METHODS: The study was a retrospective hospital record-based study including term delivery from 2018 May to 2020 January. All lowrisk patients visiting ultrasound OPD in our hospital in 3rd trimester were retrieved and included in the study. Patient with low AFI, major fetal anomaly, abnormal fetal heart rate, preterm delivery, birth weight less than 2500 gm (low birth weight), intrauterine fetal demise, preeclampsia or other complications were excluded from the study. Fetal biometry and expected fetal weight were evaluated. Data was entered in predesigned performa and analysis was performed with IBM SPSS 20.0.

RESULTS: A total of 590 ultrasound examinations done in 372 patients were included in the study. Mean age of the patients was 30.78+/-3.98 years, median age was 30 years (IQ range-5). Approximately 316(53.6%) patients were under 30 years of age, 198(33.6%) patients were between 30-35 and 76(12.9%) patients were above 35 years. Median gestational age at birth was 39 weeks and median birth weight was 3120 grams. Median and percentile for various biometry was calculated. EFW was below 50th percentile in 424(71.9%) according to WHO chart. The median percentile for EFW was 30.6 (IQ-33.6).

CONCLUSION: Expected fetal weight in Nepalese population is smaller than that predicted by WHO chart. Development of country specific fetal growth curve is recommended for accurate fetal growth surveillance.
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy during COVID-19 pandemic- Retrospective analysis of tertiary care centre
Authors: Laudari Uttam , Pradhan Rosi , Shrestha Dibesh , Timilsina Bibek , Sapkota Suhail , Karki Dimindra , Lamichhane Suraj , Parajuli Anuj
Published: December 2021

INTRODUCTION: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the most commonly performed general surgical procedure. During the COVID-19 pandemic, general recommendation worldwide is to postpone elective surgeries as far as possible to decrease the resource utilization and also aerosol-related transmission among hospital staff and patients. We conducted this study to see the burden of gallbladder disease, their management and outcomes of all patients who presented to our centre during first wave of COVID-19 pandemic.

METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis of all patients who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy at the Hospital for Advanced Medicine and Surgery (HAMS) after the commencement of strict lockdown in the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. Ethical approval for the study was taken from Nepal Health Research Council. All the surgeries were performed as per HAMS interim policy for infection prevention and control during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data were extracted from the discharge sheet and outcomes in terms of duration of hospitalization, morbidity, mortality, and COVID -19 infection among patient and operating team staff after surgery were assessed.

RESULTS: Out of 110 cases operated for gallbladder disease, 90 patients were included in the study with complete data. The most common presentations were dyspepsia (28) and biliary colic (22). Patients were managed with laparoscopic cholecystectomy (79), percutaneous cholecystostomy (4), laparoscopic subtotal cholecystectomy (5), open cholecystectomy (1). The median duration of hospitalization 22 hours. There was no COVID-19 transmission among staff and patients.

CONCLUSIONS: Laparoscopic cholecystectomies are feasible during COVID-19 pandemic and safely performed following infection prevention guidelines. It can be still be performed in day case basis to decrease the bed occupancy and avoiding crowd in hospitals.
Safe Contact Lens Practices during Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic
Authors: Bhattarai Sanjeev
Published: December 2021

World is threatened by different variants of Coronavirus to an extent that life has been jeopardized in all services including eye care facility. Contact lenses which are one of the preferred modes of vision correction are not an exception to COVID-19 infection. Recently there is confusion among practitioners and patients regarding the safety of contact lens use during COVID-19. This review article summarizes the current recommendations and findings regarding contact lens use during COVID-19. Though eye health professionals and contact lens users are at risk to contract Coronavirus, with proper care, maintenance and disinfection techniques, it would be safe to continue wearing contact lenses. There is currently no strong evidence to suggest that contact lenses are not safe to wear during COVID 19 times. Eye care practitioners responsible for contact lens application must wear special surgical masks, protective glasses or visors and disposable waterproof gloves. Regarding soft contact lenses, preferably daily disposable lenses should be used from the sterile packages. Similarly for rigid gas permeable lenses, lenses made up of fluoropolymer contained in sealed packages must be motivated for the individuals. Since the infected hands can bring the virus to the eyes, contact lens users should avoid touching the nose, mouth and eye unnecessarily. Contact lens after each use must be disinfected with hydrogen peroxide solutions with a special catalyst container. In the case of eye redness and Flu like symptoms, contact lens trial and wearing practices should be suspended or postpone till the condition becomes normal. To minimize the contact time between the patient and examiner soft copy of the instruction sheet, teleconsultation should be motivated. Though the eye is an unlikely site for Coronavirus infection, eye doctors should warn the contact lens wearers to follow scrupulous contact lens hygiene rules.
FEATURES OF SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF THE SPECIFIC HEAT CAPACITY OF SUPERCRITICAL WATER DURING ITS FLOW IN VERTICAL BARE TUBES
Authors: Fialko N.М. , Nosovsksyi A.V. , Aleshko S.O. , Pioro I.L. , Khmil D.P.
Published: December 2021

The results of computer modeling of the spatial distribution of the specific heat capacity under condition of the upstream flow of supercritical water in vertical bare tubes are given. The features of the motion along the tube length the front of the pseudo-phase transition "pseudoliquid-pseudogas" are considered. The position of this front determines the location of the extremums of the specific heat capacity of water. The regularities of changes in the radial distributions of heat capacity along the length of the tube and longitudinal distributions for different values of the radial coordinate are investigated. The data of a comparative analysis of this distribution at various values of the specific heat flux supplied to the tube wall are presented
DRYING WHITE CABBAGE ON A CONVECTIVE DRYING BENCH
Authors: Petrova Zh. , Paziuk V. , Vishnevsky P. , Grakov D. , Grakov О.
Published: December 2021

Known methods of production of dried cabbage are long-term production processes that take place within 12… 24 hours. Therefore, it is necessary to develop new methods of drying and intensification of this process.

The article presents experimental studies of the kinetics of the drying process of white cabbage with different energy supply and their combinations, such as convective, infrared and convective-infrared drying methods. The main criterion for choosing a rational mode of drying is the quality of raw materials after heat treatment, in particular the visual assessment of color by temperature.

During convective drying, the analysis of temperature regimes for process intensity and quality of raw materials was performed. The drying mode of 60ºC which satisfies all requirements for quality of material was chosen. To speed up the process, it is proposed to reduce the drying time by introducing a step mode of 80 / 60ºC, which also reduces the energy component.

Infrared radiation intensifies the process due to the rapid heating of the material, but in turn it burns. Therefore, a combined convective-infrared method is proposed in which the temperature in the product did not exceed 60 ° C. This method of drying showed good results with a shorter drying time.Infrared radiation intensifies the process due to the rapid heating of the material, but in turn it burns. Therefore, a combined convective-infrared method is proposed in which the temperature in the product did not exceed 60 ° C. This method of drying showed good results with a shorter drying time.
HEAT TRANSFER IN GRADIENT LAMINAR FLOWS
Authors: Avramenko A.A. , Tyrinov A.O. , Dmitrenko N.P. , Kovetska Yu.Yu.
Published: December 2021

The development of new areas of research in the field of theoretical thermophysics requires reliable analytical solutions that could take into account the main aspects of physical parameters in the studied objects. One such analytical technique is symmetry groups.

On the basis of symmetry groups the problem of heat transfer in gradient laminar flows is solved in the paper. For the first time, the symmetries of the energy equation for the boundary layer at an arbitrary changing velocity at marching direction are obtained. Examples of the use of group analysis methods for the study of heat transfer in the boundary layer of an incompressible fluid are demonstrated. The problems of heat transfer in the boundary layer on a heat-conducting wall with a constant temperature and on a heat-insulated wall are considered. Analytical relations for temperature and heat transfer coefficients distribution are obtained.
PROSPECTS OF BIOMETHANE PRODUCTION IN UKRAINE
Authors: Geletukha G.G. , Matveev Yu.B.
Published: December 2021

Biogas upgrading to quality of natural gas (NG) creates possibility to supply biomethane to the NG grid, easy transportation and production of electricity and heat in locations where there is guaranteed consumption of thermal energy. Biomethane as a close NG analogue can be used for heat and electricity production, as soon as motor fuel and raw material for chemical industry.

The International Energy Agency (IEA) estimates that the world's annual biomethane production potential is 730 bcm (20% of current world's NG consumption). World biomethane production reached almost 5 bcm/yr in 2019. According to forecast of the European Biogas Association the biogas and biomethane sector may almost double its production by 2030. According to IEA estimates, annual world biomethane production could reach 200 bcm in 2040 in case the sustainable development strategy is implemented

Currently, the Bioenergy Association of Ukraine estimates the potential for biogas/biomethane production in Ukraine using fermentation technology as 7,8 bcm/yr (25% of the country's current NG consumption). The roadmap of bioenergy development in Ukraine until 2050 envisages growth of biomethane production to 1,7 bcm in 2035 and up to 3 bcm in 2050.

Currently the prospects for green hydrogen development are well known. The authors support the need of hydrogen technologies as one of the way for production and use of renewable gases. However, they believe that biomethane has no less prospects.

Transporting of one cubic meter of biomethane through gas pipeline at 60 bar pressure transmits almost four times more energy than transporting of one cubic meter of hydrogen. This is fundamental advantage of biomethane. Another advantage is the full readiness of gas infrastructure for biomethane. Given the cost of gas infrastructure modernization to use hydrogen, it is more cost-effective to convert green hydrogen to synthetic methane.

Currently, biomethane is in average three times cheaper than green hydrogen, the cost of the two renewable gases is expected to equalize by 2050, and only further possible reduction in the cost of green hydrogen below $2/kg will make green hydrogen cheaper than biomethane. Therefore, the greatest prospects can be seen in the combination of the advantages of both renewable gases and conversion of green hydrogen into synthetic methane (power-to-gas process).

Authors believe that after adoption of legislation to support the development of biomethane production and use in Ukraine, the bulk of biomethane produced in the country will be exported to EU, where more favourable conditions for biomethane consumption are developed. As Ukraine's economy grows, more and more of the biomethane produced will be used for domestic consumption.
PROBLEMS OF BIOMASS ASH UTILIZATION FROM BOILER HOUSES IN UKRAINE
Authors: Kramar V.G.
Published: December 2021

As  result of the study, it was estimated that in 2019 in Ukraine  the annual biomass ash formation to be utilized, amounted to 132 thousand tons, and in the future, subject to the goals of bioenergy development, it may increase almost 10 times until 2050. The main way to treat biomass ash in Ukraine is to bury it in landfills, partly use in landfills as an insulating material, and partly as fertilizer, mainly in homesteads. In Ukraine, the widespread use of biomass ash is limited by the lack of legal requirements for its utilization, absence of technical requirements for its use in the construction industry, complex procedure of state registration of pesticides and agrochemicals, which puts biomass ash in unequal competitition with the mineral fertilizers. Also, a certain barrier to the use of biomass ash as a fertilizer is its physical and chemical characteristics, which require special methods of its application. The increase in useful utilization of ash requires field research of its effectiveness as a fertilizer, development of different types of fertilizers based on biomass ash for different types of soils and crops and methods of their use with proven efficiency, development of the most efficient utilization methods of the ash, which does not meet the requirements of its use in agriculture, in other industries.
Efeito do cultivar e do grau de maturidade dos grãos sobre os espectros NIR de silagens de sorgo
Authors: Santos Valcicleide Oliveira dos , Bomfim Marco Aurélio Delmondes , Santos Sueli Freitas dos , Tonucci Rafael Gonçalves , Cavalcante Ana Clara Rodrigues , Chaves Ana Karina de Lima , Pereira Patrício Leandro
Published: December 2021

Objetivou-se, avaliar a similaridade espectral entre cultivares de sorgo em diferentes estádios de maturação dos grãos, visando o desenvolvimento de modelos utilizando espectroscopia de refletância no infravermelho próximo (NIRS). Para a ensilagem utilizou-se os sorgos BRS 658 e BRS Ponta Negra, em mini silos de PVC, nos estádios de maturação dos grãos leitoso, pastoso, farináceo e duro. As variáveis foram estudadas pela técnica de Análise de Componentes Principais (PCA), e classificação usando a Modelagem Independente por Analogia de Classe (SIMCA) utilizando o software Unscrambler. A similaridade de amostras da silagem do BRS 658 com o banco de dados do BRS Ponta negra foi de 5% e do BRS Ponta Negra em relação as do BRS 658 a similaridade foi de 65%. Os dados demonstram grande similaridade do BRS Ponta Negra entre os estádios dos grãos leitoso e pastoso. A análise da PCA, demonstrou uma semelhança entre as amostras no estádio leitoso das duas cultivares, no estádio leitoso com pastoso, farináceo e duro. A análise exploratória indica que é importante considerar a cultivar e os estádios de maturidade dos grãos para o desenvolvimento de modelos NIR de silagem de sorgo. A análise dos espectros NIR das cultivares BRS 658 e BRS Ponta Negra, bem como dos estádios de maturidade no momento da ensilagem indicam que as dissimilaridades observadas agregam variabilidade ao modelo, mas que, ao mesmo tempo, não são tão significativas a ponto de sugerirem desenvolvimento de modelos separados, permitindo a fusão dos dados para desenvolvimento de um único modelo NIR.
Doença inflamatória intestinal: Revisão
Authors: Marques Maria Luiza , Duarte Fernandes Letícia , Taborda Simone Natalie , Da Silva Caldeira Caio , Alves Carneiro Junior William
Published: December 2021

Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) denotes a chronic illness of the gastrointestinal tract, characterized by persistent or recurrent clinical signs such as diarrhea, vomiting, loss of appetite and progressive weight loss. The IBD affects mainly middle aged dogs and cats, with no preference for gender. Although not having a clear etiology, most studies present it as a multifactorial disease, involving an exaggerated inflammatory immunological response against microbiota bacterias or antigens in dietary composition, with which the animal organism is not well adapted. The abnormal bacteria growth also seems to be related to IBD development. Specific dog breeds such as German Shepherd, West Highland White Terrier, Labrador, Basenji, Shar Pei and Poodle have a genetic predisposition to IBD, but it is not well elucidated. The diagnosis is established through the identification of the chronic gastrointestinal signs and the analysis both for image findings and biopsy histopathology. Some of the differential diagnosis of IBD includes giardiasis, linfoma, dietary hypersensitivity, E. coli infection and exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, that must be discarded with complementary exams. The treatment for IBD normally involves dietary changes and prescribed medications such as antibiotics and immunosuppressive drugs. The use of antibiotics is justified by the fact that bacterial antigens might be implicated in IBD etiology, but also because secondary bacterial development often occurs. Some authors argue the exclusive use of dietary therapy, because in some patients only this change can lead to parcial ou complete remission of the symptoms. There aren't studies about IBD prevention, because of its genetic etiology, but for the animal that has been already diagnosed with the disease there are some protocols to be followed, such as the use of hypoallergenic animal food, prebiotics, probiotics and synbiotics.
Gastropatia hipertrófica pilórica crônica: Revisão
Authors: Zibetti Francesca Lopes , Gonçalves da Silva Eduardo , Rocha Michaela Marques , Alves Caroline Castagnara , Rosa Brenda Madruga , Fernandes Daniele Weber , Leão Maysa Seibert de , Soares Matheus de Azevedo , Vasconcellos  Amanda Leal de , Costa Paula Priscila Correia
Published: December 2021

There are two forms of chronic pyloric hypertrophic gastropathy (GHPC), the first one being of congenital origin, which is the benign pyloric muscle hypertrophy, where the increase in cell volume occurs in the cells of the muscle layer; and the second one being acquired, which consists of hypertrophy of the mucosa of the gastric antrum, where this increase occurs in the mucous layer; both cause delayed gastric emptying as it results in stenosis of the pyloric lumen. This work aims to bring the literature review of both forms of GHPC. The definitive diagnosis of both is made from complementary imaging exams, especially endoscopy and biopsy; it’s very important to make the differential diagnosis for other diseases that present similar clinical signs, where the main one is vomiting right after the meal. The treatment of choice is surgical correction using the pyloroplasty technique, which requires monitoring the patient in the post-surgical period and the prognosis is usually favorable.
Métodos de avaliação em pastagens com ou sem animais
Authors: Cruz Natan Teles , Pires Aureliano José Vieira , Sousa Braulio Maia de Lana , Jardim Renata Rodrigues , Fries Daniela Deitos , Dias Daniel Lucas Santos , Bonomo Paulo , Ramos Bárbara Louise Pacheco
Published: December 2021

Objetivou-se com esta revisão abordar sobre os métodos de avaliação realizados na experimentação vegetal com ou sem animais. De maneira geral, as áreas de pastagens no Brasil são as principais fontes de alimentação de ruminantes, uma vez que o país detém uma grande área territorial composta por diversas plantas forrageiras. Neste sentido, entender como os dosséis forrageiros se comportam durante determinada estratégia de manejo é de fundamental importância para elaboração do gerenciamento de pastagens. Para tanto, é necessário lançar mão de métodos de avaliações que permitem estimar uma variável desejada, servindo como base para a definição de tomadas de decisão. As técnicas de avaliação em pastagens são divididas em diretas e indiretas, onde cada método possui sua peculiaridade resultando em estimativas variáveis quando comparadas entre si. Ademais, além da escolha do método utilizado, a experimentação em pastagens deve integrar a resposta da planta à variação climática, e se possível a presença do animal no sistema. Desta maneira, é possível simular o ecossistema de pastagens dentro da experimentação e ser extrapolado para os sistemas de produção agropecuários. Assim a eficiência desses sistemas pode ser melhorada por meio dos planejamentos forrageiros desenvolvidos com base científica.
Retalho de padrão axial da artéria angular da boca para reconstrução plástica labial em cão: Relato de caso
Authors: Oliveira Thaís Santolin de , Amancio Hugo de Oliveira , Faria Pedro Cupolillo de
Published: December 2021

Este trabalho teve como objetivo relatar o emprego da técnica reconstrutiva do retalho de padrão axial da artéria angular da boca, após exérese cirúrgica de um tumor cutâneo localizado na região labial de um cão. Para correção do defeito facial ocasionado pela exérese, optou-se pela reconstrução plástica com a utilização do retalho, que se revelou eficiente na cicatrização da ferida cirúrgica. A realização de cirurgias reconstrutivas para reparação de defeitos cutâneos faciais é uma prática recorrente na Medicina Veterinária. Pelas características das lesões originadas, principalmente em cirurgias oncológicas e processos traumáticos, o uso de retalhos subdérmicos e de padrão axial é comumente preconizado.