bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Suicidalitet relatert til SSRI ved behandling av depresjon hos barn og unge – en litteraturstudie
Authors: Leines Hannah Fagerheim , Høye Anne
Published: June 2022

I 2004 utga United States Food and Drug Administration (USFDA) en såkalt «Black Box warning» hvor de fremhevet økt risikofor selvmordstanker og selvmordsforsøk som en bivirkning av selektive serotoninreopptakshemmere (SSRI). Det er omdiskutertom advarselen fortsatt gjelder. Denne artikkelen er en avgrenset litteraturstudie med hovedformål å belyse sammenheng mellomSSRI og selvmordsrelatert atferd hos barn og unge, basert på nyere studier. De inkluderte enkeltstudiene gir ikke grunnlag for å gi noe entydig svar på om SSRI gir en økt risiko, men de fleste metaanalysene konkluderer likevel med at behandling av barn og unge med SSRI sannsynligvis gir en noe høyere risiko for selvmordsrelatert atferd, selv om metodesvakheter understrekes. Risikoen er sannsynligvis høyest blant de yngste. Genetiskefaktorer knyttet til aktivering spiller muligens en rolle for både behandlingseffekter og for suicidrelatert atferd, men dette er usikkert. Bruken av SSRI-preparater blant barn og unge ser ut til å være økende, og mer forskning p virkningsmekanismer og effekt av antidepressiva blant barn og unge framheves som særlig nødvendig. Behandlingseffekten av SSRI ser i tillegg ut til å være mindre blant barn og unge, noe som kan medføre en ugunstig balanse mellom virkninger og bivirkninger hos unge pasienter.
Kampanje ba menn «manne seg opp» – retta seg mot tøffe menn
Authors: Pileberg Silje
Published: June 2022

Ein australsk dokumentarserie vart ein vellykka kampanje for å førebyggje sjølvmord blant menn. Men ikkje alle kampanjar har ein effekt.
Ny studie: Samanheng mellom sjølvmordstankar og valdstankar
Authors: Pileberg Silje
Published: June 2022

Sjølvmordstankar og valdstankar kan henge tettare saman enn ein har visst til no, ifølgje ein ny studie.
Kan det beste bli det godes fiende?
Authors: Tveit Tone
Published: June 2022

Suksess i redusert ventetid og målrettet behandling i psykisk helsevern kan gi utilsiktede vanskeligheter med behandling for pasientgrupper med store behov.
Kommentar: Selvmord i Norge i 2020
Authors: Qin Ping
Published: June 2022

Nylig publisert statistikk fra Dødsårsaksregisteret viser ingen uventet endring i selvmordsraten i 2020. Les kommentar ved professor Ping Qin.
Då eit sjølvmord kom på alle framsider
Authors: Pileberg Silje
Published: June 2022

Omtalen av Ari Behns sjølvmord var massiv. Enkelte meiner at han også var glorifiserande. Kan det vi såg ved overgangen til 2020 gje ossein peikepinn om kvar vi er på veg?
Jan Beskow - Til minne
Authors: Mehlum Lars
Published: June 2022

Jan Beskow, professor i psykiatri og nestor i svensk selvmordsforskning og -forebygging er død – 89 år gammel. Han var en drivkraft i det selvmordsforebyggende arbeidet i Sverige like til det siste og vil bli dypt savnet også her i Norge.
Hvorfor gå løs på seg selv med kniv og barberblader?
Authors: Pettersen Mona Skjeklesæther , Walby Fredrik A.
Published: June 2022

Jeg gjorde det i mange år, og det var meningsløst og ikke. Livet ble ikke mindre vondt eller mindre realitet av at jeg skadet meg selv,og selvfølelsen tok seg ikke opp med antall sting, for å si det sånn. Tomheten inni meg kom tilbake etter hvert som den fysiske smerten avtokog etter hvert som påfyllet omsorgen på legevakten hadde gitt meg, var brukt opp. Kort oppsummert: Jeg fikk det ikke noe bedre av å skade meg selv, sånn i den store sammenhengen, og den store sammenhengen kan være sjukt mye å skulle forholde seg til.
La "plus belle énigme du monde" ne veut pas être résolue. Le besoin de mémoire multiple à Madagascar
Authors: Goedefroit Sophie , Roca Albert
Published: June 2022

À travers une conversation, les auteurs examinent la prévalence de la mémoire multiple dans l'historiographie malgache, jusqu'à tolérer des discours ouvertement non scientifiques. Ils proposent que cette tolérance soit une conséquence de la persistance adaptative d'un cadre logique pluriel face à l'imposition épistémologique universaliste de la colonisation, puis de la mondialisation. Ce cadre permettrait d'établir des distances entre (ex)colonisés/ées et (ex)colonisateurs/trices, ainsi que de jeter des ponts vers les identités locales malgaches et leurs formes de prise de décision. Ce modèle pourrait contribuer à relever le défi de la diversité dans la société mondiale, rendu visible par le débat décolonial.
Canarios en el Ecuador: memorias coloniales y patrimonio en Guinea Ecuatorial
Authors: Santana Pérez Germán
Published: June 2022

Con un abundante patrimonio documental, en gran parte localizado en Canarias y en Guinea Ecuatorial, se puede tratar de construir una memoria conjunta. El objetivo de este artículo es sacar a la luz el papel que Canarias jugó en relación con Guinea Ecuatorial durante el periodo de la ocupación colonial. Defiendo que este vínculo se produce entre dos territorios peculiares dentro del Estado español, uno como colonia, Guinea Ecuatorial, y otro como territorio extrapeninsular con elementos de colonialidad, Canarias. Este paralelismo no implicaba un trato diferente de Canarias ni una percepción distinta del hecho colonial guineoecuatoriano por parte de los canarios ni tampoco una actitud diferenciada de los guineoecuatorianos hacia los canarios, con respecto a las personas oriundas del resto de las regiones españolas, pero sí un papel diferente en la articulación colonial.
INTRODUCCIÓ. Memòria múltiple a l’Àfrica
Authors: Roca Albert , Tomàs Jordi
Published: June 2022

Introducció
Gambaran Pengetahuan dan Sikap Remaja Terhadap Seks Pranikah dan Penularan Hiv/Aids pada Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Baiturrahmah Angkatan 2020
Authors: Rosadi Arta Tri , Rahmadhoni Berri , Primawati Irma
Published: June 2022

Latar Belakang: Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) merupakan gejala dan infeksi atau sindrom yang timbul akibat rusaknya sistem imun pada manusia akibat infeksi virus HIV atau infeksi virus-virus lain yang dapat menurunkan sistem kekebalan tubuh. Virus penyebab AIDS tersebut adalah Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). HIV merupakan virus yang dapat memperlemah sistem imunitas manusia. Metode: Desain penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kategorik dengan desain penelitian  cross sectional. Populasi penelitian ini adalah Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Baiturrahmah dengan 92 sampel menggunakan teknik simple random sampling dengan mengikuti kriteria inklusi, menggunakan data primer dengan mengisi kuisioner dan disajikan dalam bentuk tabel distribusi frekuensi. Hasil: Usia terbanyak adalah 19 Tahun dengan pengetahuan baik yaitu (29,3%). Jenis kelamin terbanyak adalah perempuan dengan pengetahuan baik yaitu (34,8%), sedangkan jenis kelamin laki-laki juga memiliki pengetahuan baik yaitu (21,7%). Usia terbanyak adalah 19 tahun memiliki sikap positif atau tidak mendukung adanya seks pranikah  yaitu (40,2%), dan juga pada usia 18 tahun memiliki sikap positif yaitu (16,3%), sedangkan pada usia 20 tahun memiliki sikap negatif yaitu (9,8%). Jenis kelamin laki-laki memiliki sikap negatif yaitu (18,5%), sedangkan pada perempuan memiliki sikap positif yaitu (52,5%). Kesimpulan: Mahasiswa yang pengetahuan kurang lebih banyak pada usia 19 tahun dibandingkan usia 18 dan 20 tahun, sikap negatif lebih banyak pada usia 18 tahun dibandingkan usia 19 dan 20 tahun, mahasiswa laki-laki dan perempuan memiliki pengetahuan yang baik, dan sikap negatif lebih banyak pada jenis kelamin laki-laki dibandingkan perempuan.
HANNAH ARENDT E A DEFESA DO SISTEMA DE CONSELHOS
Authors: Vicente José João Neves Barbosa
Published: June 2022

Em suas reflexões sobre a política, desde seu esforço no intuito de compreender o “fenômeno totalitário” que, de um modo geral, destruiu a própria “política”, Hannah Arendt sempre defendeu a liberdade e a participação política ativa e efetiva de todos os cidadãos, por isso criticou e condenou todo e qualquer sistema político capaz de eliminar ou diminuir os espaços públicos onde os homens possam manifestar sua liberdade através de ação e do discurso na presença de seus pares. Essa crítica não incidiu apenas sobre os regimes totalitários, mas também sobre a democracia representativa que, para ela, ainda não se constituiu em um governo onde todos têm, de fato, a oportunidade de participar de forma ativa e efetiva nos assuntos públicos. Essa realidade, para Hannah Arendt, somente é possível em um governo baseado no sistema de conselhos. Assim, o objetivo primordial deste artigo é analisar e apresentar, ainda que de modo introdutório, alguns argumentos utilizados por ela em defesa do sistema de conselhos.
AS DIMENSÕES DA EXISTÊNCIA NO PENSAMENTO DE SØREN KIERKEGARD E ALBERT CAMUS
Authors: Silva Tales Macêdo da , Oliveira Alberto Luiz Silva de
Published: June 2022

Considerando as dimensões sobre a existência que se apresentam na história da filosofia, este artigo tem por objetiva compreender o que os filósofos Søren Kierkegaard e Albert Camus desenvolveu sobre as concepção do existir, perpassando pelos temas da estádios existenciais, em Kierkegaard, e a noção do absurdo, em Camus.  Para tanto, torna-se interessante dialogar com algumas obras desses autores, explicitamente O conceito de angústia, O desespero humano e O mito de Sísifo, para assim perceber que há ecos kierkegaardianos no pensamento filosófico de Camus. Desse modo, observa-se que há semelhanças nas dessemelhanças entre a concepção de existência ou condição humana desses pensadores, isto é, há uma certa influência de Kierkegaard, porém com um certo de jogo de crítica ao pensador dinamarquês. Assim, permite concluir que há uma possível leitura feita do filósofo argelino, Albert Camus, aos escritos do dinamarquês, Søren Kierkegaard tanto para arcar ou criticar o pensamento do mesmo.
QUE SENTIDO TEM O TEMPO PARA O SER?
Authors: Silva Thiago Delaíde da
Published: June 2022

Este artigo tem como objetivo retomar o problema do sentido do ser a partir de Ser e Tempo de Heidegger, indagando a respeito do tipo de vínculo que há entre o ser e o tempo, a luz da indagação: que sentido tem o tempo para o ser? A partir da análise feita por Heidegger em Ser e Tempo, procura-se esboçar uma linha de raciocínio que nos levará a compreender a temporalidade como horizonte de sentido do ser. Para tal, o texto percorre um itinerário reflexivo que explora a busca de Heidegger em recolocar o problema do ser na obra Ser e Tempo, passando pela compreensão existencial do Dasein e culminando com uma tentativa de compreender qual é sentido que Heidegger dá ao tempo, à luz do fenômeno da morte. Desse modo, o texto explora também o vínculo que há entre o ser, o tempo, a existência e o nada.
ALTEROCÍDIO E NECROPOLÍTICA
Authors: Teixeira Thiago , Luz Thaís
Published: June 2022

:  A partir das compreensões do filósofo camaronês Achille Mbembe, nós traçaremos um caminho de análise sobre a construção do inimigo como uma das prerrogativas centrais das políticas de extermínio. O alterocídio como a demarcação do outro como um dessemelhante radical opera, no intramundo das políticas de morte, uma designação da injúria e, por consequência, da neutralidade e do extermínio. O interesse pela morte, simbólica e objetiva, de sujeitos negros está diretamente ligada aos interesses bélicos do necropoder que transformam corpos, narrativas e sentidos de sujeitos negros, em alvos. A dessubjetivação de mulheres negras e homens negros, em sua pluralidade, indicam que o pacto entre os semelhantes, aporte político da modernidade, recusa a dessemelhança — indicativo de sujeitos negros reificados e submetidos à toda sorte de violência. A alteridade, enquanto princípio ético do reconhecimento, a partir das lógicas do necropoder, dá lugar aos interesses vis de uma política que apresenta a morte de sujeitos negros como uma regra intransponível.  Estamos interessados e interessadas em perceber como a construção do negro enquanto inimigo radical serve às insígnias do necropoder.
HARTMANN, NIETZSCHE E O ANTICRISTO
Authors: Lopes Kassio Flores
Published: June 2022

RESUMO: Neste artigo aventaremos a hipótese de que o livro O Anticristo, escrito por Nietzsche em 1888, pode ser compreendido como um cumprimento irônico da “profecia” de Eduard von Hartmann, em seu livro Filosofia do inconsciente (de 1869), acerca de uma era secular da humanidade onde o cristianismo não seria mais do que uma sombra. Para chegar a esta afirmação é necessário inicialmente retomar o livro Filosofia do inconsciente de Hartmann e o modo como o termo Anticristo é usado por ele. Posteriormente, deve-se destacar como o próprio Nietzsche o leu e o citou em seu escrito Sobre a utilidade e desvantagem da história para a vida (de 1873) e em seus demais escritos, até por fim seu livro intitulado O Anticristo. Como sugerimos, o nome “Anticristo”, portanto, era apropriado para intitular o livro que trazia a transvaloração de todos os valores cristãos com o qual Nietzsche acreditava desferir um ataque mortal ao cristianismo e possibilitar assim as condições para que houvesse uma renovação cultural em que os valores da cristandade fossem, de fato, superados.
FILOSOFIA MORAL E TEORIA DA JUSTIÇA:
Authors: Costa Chiara , Pinheiro Victor Sales
Published: June 2022

Este trabalho defende, à luz da filosofia moral presente na obra Uma Teoria da Justiça de John Rawls, a possibilidade de convergência entre a deontologia procedimental e o teleologismo substancial em duas perspectivas: dentro da própria lógica rawlsiana, na qual haveria uma complementaridade entre o justo e o bem, conforme exposto por Denis Silveira, e na ótica da ética kantiana reivindicada por Rawls, a qual, segundo Gustavo França, possui estrutura teleológica. Demonstra-se a possibilidade de superação do embate subjacente nessa filosofia moral, enfrentado por Rawls, entre o universalismo (liberal) e o particularismo (comunitarista). Como base na pesquisa bibliográfica como metodologia, afirma-se que a busca legítima e autônoma dos indivíduos pelos bens que entendam valiosos coaduna-se com os bens e deveres devidos à comunidade, conforme a racionalidade prática da ética da virtude elucidada por Cruz Prados. Isso pode representar uma contribuição para a concretização da justiça igualitária pretendida por Rawls.
Ein regulatives Vertragsrecht für die Datenwirtschaft
Authors: Wunner Katharina
Published: June 2022

How can access to machine-generated, non-personal industry data be improved? The author addresses this question on the basis of an economically justified need for regulation in the digital economy. With a view to the deficits of previous approaches under intellectual property and competition law, she presents a data access regime under contract law. This operates on the basis of an alternative understanding of contract theory and the idea of a modern private law that is not only dedicated to the freedom of the individual, but is also a means of controlling behaviour. Contractual data access rights are therefore based on a "regulative contract law for the data economy".
Carl Meinhof
Authors: Gerhardt Ludwig
Published: June 2022

Als Autodidakt zu Weltruhm - die erste umfassende Biographie des Begründers der Afrikanistik.

Er war weltweit der erste Afrikanistik-Ordinarius und gilt als Begründer dieser Disziplin. Dreieinhalb Jahrzehnte wirkte Carl Meinhof in Hamburg, der deutschen Kolonialmetropole. Dort gelang es ihm, die Afrikanistik einer interessierten Öffentlichkeit nahe zu bringen. Meinhofs Tätigkeit prägte das Bild des Faches für Jahrzehnte. Mit der »Zeitschrift für Kolonialsprachen« begründete er das älteste noch heute, wenn auch unter anderem Namen bestehende Publikationsorgan der Afrikanistik.

Insgesamt publizierte Meinhof über 600 Arbeiten. Nach den enorm einflussreichen und die Afrikanistik revolutionierenden Büchern zur vergleichenden Bantuistik verfasste er in späteren Jahren Studien wie die »Die Sprachen der Hamiten« (1911), die seinem Ruf nachhaltig schadeten, weil er darin einer rassistischen Ideologie das Wort redete.

Als engagierter Befürworter des deutschen Kolonialismus trat Meinhof 1933 in die NSDAP ein. Nach seiner Emeritierung 1936 wirkte er weiter an der Hamburgischen - während des »Dritten Reiches« umbenannt in »Hansischen« - Universität. 1943 bei den großen Angriffen auf Hamburg ausgebombt, starb er ein Jahr später in Greifswald.

Carl Meinhof (1857-1944) stammte aus einem pietistisch geprägten Umfeld, studierte Theologie, Germanistik und vergleichende Sprachwissenschaft. Seine Berufung fand er jedoch beim Studium afrikanischer Sprachen, das er als Autodidakt betrieb. Nach sechsjähriger Tätigkeit am Seminar für Orientalische Sprachen in Berlin wurde er 1909 als Professor an das gerade gegründete Kolonialinstitut in Hamburg berufen.
„Wenn wir sagen, dass der Tropfen Mensch wird“
Authors: Jäckel Florian
Published: June 2022

Notions of the unborn can be found in diverse medical, philosophical and theological works from antiquity to the present. While prior studies have examined similarities and differences between such notions in various learned and religious contexts, Syriac literary tradition has hardly received any attention. This book is a sub-stantial contribution to closing this gap in research and to the cross-cultural history of philosophy. It analyses several key works in the corpus of the prolific polymath Bar ʿEbrāyā and traces his incorporation of Greek philosophical, Christian and Islamic texts into a novel ‘embryological synthesis’.
Origin and Diffusion of Cattle Herding in Northeastern Africa
Authors: Lesur Joséphine
Published: June 2022

n northeastern Africa, the beginning of the Holocene is characterized by major technical and sociocultural changes that particularly affected food management: the invention of pottery, and the intensive exploitation of grasses and wild bovids in a humid climatic phase. However, the first evidence for food production appears in desert contexts and during increasing aridification. Although its local or exogenous origin is still debated, the adoption of cattle herding in this region at the end of the seventh millennium BC appears to have been in response to this limited environment, with sev- eral head of livestock providing greater food security. Overall, herding took more than 6,000 years to diffuse across the continent in a variety of ways: migration, technology transfer, and acculturation. Ultimately, herding economies took on many forms, combining or alternating animal husbandry with the use of wild and domestic resources. Within herding, strong relationships developed between humans and domesticates. Cattle in particular are an excel- lent example of this. From the fifth millennium BC onward, certain livestock farming societies developed close links with cattle, extending well beyond the food sphere. In many pastoral cultures from northeastern Africa, the role of bovines continued to expand throughout the millennia. In addition to acting as a food source, they also acquired a social func- tion, materialized in funerary and ritual practices, and by the physical transformations applied to them.
Bison and Aurochs, Emblematic Figures of the Upper Paleolithic in Southwestern Europe
Authors: Fritz Carole , Brugal Jean-Philip , Fosse Philippe , Tosello Gilles
Published: June 2022

The large bovids, bison and aurochs, both feature in Paleolithic archaeofauna and art, particularly in Southwestern Eu- rope during the Late Upper Pleistocene. We present a brief taxonomic and morphological description of the bovid spe- cies present at that time, as well as their biogeographical distribution. We then compare this distribution data with their presence in cave and portable art from this period and describe and interpret their depictions according to a number of themes. Our knowledge of the anatomical traits and ecology of these species allows us to better identify and interpret their representation in cave art and portable art made by hunter-gatherer societies. Several examples of Paleolithic art are given, illustrating the relationship between biological context and socio-economic value, and allowing us to under- stand the particular and highly symbolic nature of the relationship between humans and bovids. Beyond subsistence, Paleolithic representations clearly demonstrate a mythological dimension.
Cattle for the Ancestors at Neolithic Çatalhöyük, Turkey
Authors: Russell Nerissa
Published: June 2022

The recent ontological turn in anthropological theory has opened a space for relational approaches in zooarchaeology, in which boundaries between animals and humans are permeable and persons can take nonhuman forms. Here I explore cattle-human relations in the Near Eastern Neolithic, focusing on Çatalhöyük in central Anatolia. I argue that the rela- tionship between humans and wild cattle at Çatalhöyük was intense, with aurochsen standing in an ancestral relation to humans. There are many parallels in the treatment of dead humans and aurochsen. Both humans and cattle parts are buried beneath house floors, in complementary spatial positions, incorporating both into the houses (which have their own life cycle) as ancestors. The Near Eastern Neolithic is characterized by a widespread concern with heads and head- lessness; both human and animal heads are sometimes removed and used, displayed, and deposited, as well as depicted. Cattle heads and horns are especially prominent in these contexts. Central Anatolians resisted the adoption of domestic cattle for several centuries, while they accepted the herding of sheep and goats. I suggest this reluctance derives from the particularly close relationship between cattle and humans evident at Çatalhöyük. When small numbers of domestic cattle appear in the later levels of the site, displays of wild cattle body parts initially intensify, as though to reassert their symbolic importance. These domestic cattle may signal a change in human kinship patterns now sometimes marked with bridewealth, perhaps eroding the endogamous marriage system at Çatalhöyük and contributing to the eventual dispersal of its inhabitants.
Spontaneous atypical muscle bleeding of the anterior abdominal wall in patient with COVID-19 – case report
Authors: Detanac Džemail Smail , Detanac Dzenana Avdo , Mujdragic Mehmed , Doklestic Krstina , Bihorac Dzemil , Pavlovic Jelena , Ceranic Lejla , Alihodzic Kemal
Published: June 2022

COVID-19 is an unpredictable disease that can lead to multiorgan dysfunctions. There is a high frequency of venous and arterial thrombosis, among other symptoms,. Spontaneous bleeding in COVID-19 patients has also been described, but rarely, whether or not they are on anticoagulant therapy. We report a case of a 65-year-old female COVID-19 patient treated in our hospital. During the hospitalisation, she experienced sudden, severe pain in the lower part of the abdomen and had signs of hemorrhagic shock. CT of the abdomen and pelvis revealed a spontaneous giant haematoma of the anterior abdominal wall. A surgical procedure was done. We identified spontaneous bleeding in the muscles of the anterior abdominal wall. The patient recovered well. Rapid diagnosis and timely intervention are crucial to ensure a good patient outcome.
La sostenibilidad de la vida y la ética del cuidado: análisis y propuestas para imaginar la intervención de los programas sociales en Chile
Authors: Duboy-Luengo Mitzi , Muñoz-Arce Gianinna
Published: June 2022

Las intervenciones de los programas sociales en Chile, aunque han incluido la noción de cuidados en su formulación, no han abordado la lógica –neoliberal y patriarcal- que está a la base de las mismas. Recuperando el vínculo entre cuidados, precariedad, vulnerabilidad e interdependencia desde un enfoque de sostenibilidad de la vida, en este artículo analizamos los hallazgos de un estudio cualitativo que consistió en la realización de 26 entrevistas semi-estructuradas con trabajadoras sociales que implementan un programa de salud mental en Chile. Exploramos la construcción de la posición profesional de estas mujeres y las resistencias en clave de co-cuidado que ellas desarrollan para sostener la vida al mismo tiempo que implementan el programa en medio de la pandemia del Covid-19. A partir de los hallazgos, proponemos re-organizar la intervención de los programas sociales en clave de cuidados y reconsiderar las formas en que construimos las articulaciones locales para poner la sostenibilidad de la vida y la dignidad de las personas al centro.
DESPERTANDO ODIOS, PERPETUANDO OPRESIONES: La influencia de los medios de comunicación en la política criminal de las violencias de género
Authors: Sanz Fuentes Antonio
Published: June 2022

Entre los asuntos abordados con frecuencia por los medios de comunicación destaca la criminalidad y, en concreto, las violencias de género. Estos seleccionan y deciden cómo se emite cada noticia, por lo que influyen en la opinión de la población. Esto puede ocasionar miedos, preocupaciones y diferentes demandas como modificaciones en la política criminal. El presente estudio realiza una revisión bibliográfica sobre cómo el planteamiento de las noticias y la controversia respecto a las violencias contra las mujeres puede derivar en una política criminal simbólica y punitivista. Asimismo, ofrece un enfoque novedoso sobre cómo ello puede moldear una sociedad que desconfía del sistema y en la que se perpetúan las opresiones de las mujeres. La construcción de un marco teórico complejo permitirá que la criminología realice estudios empíricos más elaborados sobre el impacto de los medios en la política-criminal de las violencias de género. Además, posibilitará proponer medidas preventivas implicando a los medios, ya que podrían contener las claves para producir un cambio.
Represión histórica basada en teorías. Cómo estos preceptos crearon la imagen de mujeres demonizadas
Authors: Alfaro Cremades Irene
Published: June 2022

De modo consabido se ha asistido a la subyugación de las mujeres, ergo de sus derechos fundamentales, los cuales han sido vedados por el peso patriarcal, de inconmensurable trascendencia histórica: desde las mujeres judías y las mujeres en la Reforma Protestante del siglo XVI, y el cuestionamiento y expiación de sus creencias espirituales, que vieron coartado su ideario social y religioso hasta las proféticas; mujeres con capacidades excelsas que fueron tildadas de brujas e inclusive de demonizadas y condenadas a vilipendios indecibles. Ello presumiblemente establece estrecha ilación con la divinidad atribuida a mujeres pioneras,

que mostraban destrezas inusuales pero inadmisibles en un marco patriarcal consagrado teñido de opresión, cesarismo y correcciones severas para con las mujeres sustentado por teorías coercitivas.
Pequeñas inflexiones: construir un discurso artístico sobre violencia de género en educación secundaria
Authors: Ramos Ramos Pablo , Botella Nicolás Ana María
Published: June 2022

El proyecto que se describe trata sobre violencia de género y desarrolló una educación crítica en alumnos adolescentes a través de la acción artística. El proyecto tomó como base el concepto de adiaphoron de Bauman y Donskis (2013), entendido este como la pasividad del sujeto frente al sufrimiento de los demás. Los resultados del proyecto son conceptualizados empleando un modelo de investigación “dentro del arte” (Frayling, 1993) y teniendo en cuenta la sociología de la violencia de género. En este análisis se comprueba que los alumnos, a pesar de su juventud, desarrollaron una visión madura de la problemática, posibilitando una toma de conciencia –tanto en ellos como en el público– de la realidad tratada.
El empoderamiento de la nueva choni.
Authors: Rosés Castellsaguer Sílvia , Polo Pujadas Magda
Published: June 2022

La choni es una etiqueta sociocultural de acuño peyorativo y estigmatizante, que el público femenino luchaba (hasta hace muy poco) por no tener. No obstante, y desde hace un tiempo, las tornas han cambiado. A partir de la segunda década de los años 2000, se aprecia un gusto creciente por el imaginario estético y vivencial del sistema cultural de la choni. Esta se ha posicionado como un potente foco generador de tendencias, seguidas desde la alta moda hasta las grandes cadenas de confección y, hasta cierto punto, la choni se ha erigido como un paradigma de empoderamiento femenino, imitado por grandes referentes de la música actual. Pero, ¿cuáles han sido los factores de cambio de dicha tendencia? ¿Qué consecuencias han sido las resultantes para el mundo de la moda? Y, sobre todo, ¿qué impacto real ha tenido en la apreciación de la choni en sociedad?
Personal reflection
Authors: Sehwail Mahmud
Published: June 2022

Contribution to the 30th Anniversary of the Torture Journal by Dr. Mahmud Sehwail. The author brings an account of his life trajectory as a psychiatrist born and working in Palestine. The author dives in his early memories, including those of his brother's death, that shaped his character and the way he lives his rejection of occupation and violence. Besides the early institutional beginnings of the TRC Center in Ramallah, the author describes the subtle forms of the daily abuse that a doctor working in Palestine must endure.
From sunrise to sunset: personal memories of the early years
Authors: Hardi Lilla
Published: June 2022

The article is about 26 years of experiences spent in the services of rehabilitating torture survivors. It goes through the history of a Hungarian NGO struggling with the political winds and storms. It tries to illustrate the progress of finding and renewing therapeutic methods from identification to different therapeutic modalities.
From rehabilitation to prevention: The need to move one step further
Authors: Reeler Tony
Published: June 2022

In the 30 years in which Torture has been the flagship publication on organised violence and torture the world no longer can be oblivious to the prevalence or consequences of torture. The existence of documented torture provides the hardest indicator of the absence of human rights in any given country, but does this demonstration still evoke the same sense of shock or same as it did thirty years ago? This is an important question to address currently with so much evidence suggesting that democracy worldwide may be in decline and that authoritarianism is on the increase. This article looks briefly at the current situation, the role of the antitorture movement and the Torture journal.
The military coup in Chile in 1973, the immediate reaction of international organisations, and the founding of the first rehabilitation program for torture victims in 1977
Authors: Quiroga José , Lira Elizabeth
Published: June 2022

This paper documents the historical steps of the immediate  reactions of the United Nations, Amnesty International, the World Council of Churches (WCC), the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights, and lawyers’ organisations in support of the victims of torture and others suffering gross violations of their human rights, as perpetrated by the Chilean military from 1973 to 1990. This article is also the history of the founding of the first rehabilitation programs for torture victims in Chile in 1977 and the other care programs for victims under local and international churches’ protection during the worst period of the militarydictatorship. The actions of denunciation and defense of the victims were possible through national and international networks sustained in collaborative work from inside and outside Chile, which lasted for 17 years. The results and lessons learned projected the creation of new commissions, funds, and international networks that continue today in the international arena. The rehabilitation programs under the dictatorship began as a  solidarity response to the needs of victims The rehabilitation programs, born during the dictatorship, projected their practice and experience to create a comprehensive health program as part of the State’s reparation measures. The testimonies of the victims made it possible to understand the consequences of human rightsviolations on individuals and society. State policies and civil society actions have sought to contribute to the reparation of victims through rehabilitation actions directly. This paper is part of the memory of that past by reconstructing the solidarity actions of denunciation and rehabilitation, and the details of which are often unknown.
From untried steps to omnipresence
Authors: Vesti Peter
Published: June 2022

Contribution to the 30th Anniversary of the Torture Journal from Peter Vesti. The author presents reminds of the origin of the RCT, the first rehabilitation clinic for torture victims in Copenhagen.
Perturbation-Asymptotic Series Approach for an Electromagnetic Wave Problem in an Epsilon Near Zero (ENZ) Material
Authors: Akkaya M. K. , Yilmaz A. E. , Kuzuoğlu M.
Published: June 2022

Electromagnetic waves present very interesting features while the permittivity of the environment approaches to zero. This property known as ENZ (Epsilon Near Zero) has been analysed with the perturbation approach-asymptotic analysis method. Wave equations have been solved by space transformation instead of phasor domain solution and the results compared. Wave equation is non-dimensionalised in order to allow asymptotic series extension. Singular perturbation theory applied to the Wave Equation and second order series extension of electromagnetic waves have been done. Validity range of the perturbation method has been investigated by modifying parameters.
Harmful effects of the microplastic pollution on animal health: a literature review
Authors: Zolotova Natalia , Kosyreva Anna , Dzhalilova Dzhuliia , Fokichev Nikolai , Makarova Olga
Published: June 2022

Background

The environmental pollution by microplastics is a global problem arising from the extensive production and use of plastics. Small particles of different plastics, measured less than 5 mm in diameter, are found in water, air, soil, and various living organisms around the globe. Humans constantly inhale and ingest these particles. The associated health risks raise major concerns and require dedicated evaluation.

Objectives

In this review we systematize and summarize the effects of microplastics on the health of different animals. The article would be of interest to ecologists, experimental biologists, environmental physicians, and all those concerned with anthropogenic environmental changes.

Methodology

We searched PubMed and Scopus from the period of 01/2010 to 09/2021 for peer-reviewed scientific publications focused on (1) environmental pollution with microplastics; (2) uptake of microplastics by humans; and (3) the impact of microplastics on animal health.

Results

The number of published studies considering the effects of microplastic particles on aquatic organisms is considerable. In aquatic invertebrates, microplastics cause a decline in feeding behavior and fertility, slow down larval growth and development, increase oxygen consumption, and stimulate the production of reactive oxygen species. In fish, the microplastics may cause structural damage to the intestine, liver, gills, and brain, while affecting metabolic balance, behavior, and fertility; the degree of these harmful effects depends on the particle sizes and doses, as well as the exposure parameters. The corresponding data for terrestrial mammals are less abundant: only 30 papers found in PubMed and Scopus deal with the effects of microplastics in laboratory mice and rats; remarkably, about half of these papers were published in 2021, indicating the growing interest of the scientific community in this issue. The studies demonstrate that in mice and rats microplastics may also cause biochemical and structural damage with noticeable dysfunctions of the intestine, liver, and excretory and reproductive systems.

Conclusions

Microplastics pollute the seas and negatively affect the health of aquatic organisms. The data obtained in laboratory mice and rats suggest a profound negative influence of microplastics on human health. However, given significant variation in plastic types, particle sizes, doses, models, and modes of administration, the available experimental data are still fragmentary and controversial.
A comparison of non-surgical methods for sexing young gopher tortoises (Gopherus polyphemus)
Authors: Loope Kevin J. , Rostal David C. , Walden M.A. , Shoemaker Kevin T. , Hunter Elizabeth A.
Published: June 2022

Many turtle species have temperature-dependent sex determination (TSD), raising the prospect that climate change could impact population dynamics by altering sex ratios. Understanding how climate change will affect populations of animals with TSD requires a reliable and minimally invasive method of identifying the sexes of young individuals. This determination is challenging in many turtles, which often lack conspicuous external sexual dimorphism until years after hatching. Here, we explore four alternatives for sexing three age classes of captive-reared young gopher tortoises (Gopherus polyphemus), a terrestrial turtle of conservation concern native to the southeastern United States: (1) naive testosterone levels, (2) testosterone levels following a follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) challenge, (3) linear morphological measurements, and (4) geometric morphometrics. Unlike some other turtle species, male and female neonatal gopher tortoises have overlapping naive testosterone concentration distributions, justifying more complicated methods. We found that sex of neonates (<7 days old) is best predicted by a “random forest” machine learning model with naive testosterone levels and morphological measurements (8% out-of-bag error). Sex of hatchlings (4–8 months old) was predicted with 11% error using a simple threshold on naive testosterone levels, or with 4% error using a simple threshold on post-FSH testosterone levels. Sex of juveniles (approximately 3.5 years old) was perfectly predicted using a simple threshold on naive testosterone levels. Sexing hatchlings at >4 months of age is the easiest and most reliable non-surgical method for sex identification. Given access to a rearing facility and equipment to perform hormone assays, these methods have the potential to supplant laparoscopic surgery as the method of choice for sexing young gopher tortoises.
Phlebotomy- An Update
Authors: Reddy Yeduguri Jahnavi , Das Subhashis
Published: June 2022

Phlebotomy is the utmost important and underestimated procedure in the laboratory. The specimen collection plays a major role to give accurate results. The probability of errors increases when manual procedure is present. Certified courses and Continued Medical Education (CME) aids us in reducing the errors which can lead to misdiagnosis of the condition.
Transfusion Transmitted Infections among Blood Donors at a Tertiary Care Hospital Blood Bank in Kumaon Region, Uttarakhand, India
Authors: Upadhyay Saloni , Joshi Kriti , Pangtey Tanuja
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Blood transfusion is one of the most important and integral intervention of the modern medicine but, simultaneously it carries the solemn risk of transmitting various life-threatening Transfusion-Transmissible Infectious (TTI) agents. Aim: To study the serological profile of voluntary blood donors in a blood bank of tertiary healthcare centre in Kumaon region, Uttarakhand, India. Materials and Methods: A hospital based prospective study was conducted from September 2018-September 2020. All the potential blood donors coming to the Department of Pathology and Blood Bank were included and after obtaining informed consent from the donor, venous blood was collected. Samples were tested for Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Hepatitis B Virus (HBV), Hepatitis C Virus (HCV), syphilis, and malarial parasite. The data was collected and tabulated in Microsoft Excel sheet and was analysed by calculating frequency and percentages. Results: A total of 8874 donors were screened during the study period; of these 5.66% (503/8874) were found to be seropositive. Seroprevalence of HBV, HCV, HIV, syphilis and malaria was 1.87% (166/8874), 3.23% (287/8874), 0.15% (14/8874), 0.40% (35/8874) and 0.01% (01/8874) respectively. Highest prevalence of TTI (55.06%; 277/503) was within the age group of 18-28 years. Maximum seroreactivity was seen in blood group- B positive (32.60%; 164/503) followed by A positive (25.84%; 130/503). Conclusion: Although, there has been a down-swing in the prevalence of TTI’s but, there is still need for improvement in the quality of transfusion medicine services and implementation of strict donor criteria to further minimise the risk of TTI’s.
Carbon Accounting and Economic Development in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Wisdom Okere , Apollos Nwaobia , Samuel Olaoye
Published: June 2022

This study examined the impact of carbon accounting on economic development in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). This study made use of secondary data, which was analysed using Panel General Method of Means (GMM) as well as other econometric tests. The research findings show that carbon accounting had a significant impact of economic development in Sub-Saharan Africa. In addition, it was revealed that with the introduction of environmental tax on emissions, carbon emissions (CO2) had a negative and significant impact of economic development in SSA. This study recommended that Governments should aid companies who are evidently reducing their carbon levels with environmental tax-free periods as long as they can maintain their reduction in emission levels. This would aid these companies to produce more, which would thereby lead to more economic development.
Physicochemical Characterization of Cassava (Manihot esculenta) and Potato (Ipomea batatas) Varieties from Southeast of Nigeria in Comparison with Agarose for use in the Separation of Deoxyribonucleic Acid
Authors: Eucharia Egbe Nkechi , Okpaga Ume Austine , Anthony Vantsawa Philip , Chizoba Nwankwo Henry , Essien Effiong Thomson , Ofobuike Eze Godson , Sharifat Ayuba-Buhari
Published: June 2022

Starch is an essential biomaterial and food product globally used for different purposes. This study determined the physicochemical composition of starch extracted from selected cassava (M.ExOboma I and M.ExOboma II) and sweet potato (I.ExOboma I and I.ExOboma II) varieties in comparison with agarose for use in the separation of deoxyribonucleic acid. Starch extraction was carried out using standard procedure. Granule morphology and amylose-amylopectin contents were determined using Polarized Light Microscopy and Dual Wavelength Iodine-Binding methods respectively. Relationships between starch properties were determined using correlation analysis. The result of the starch granule morphology revealed that there was no significant difference (p > 0.05) in the pore sizes of M.ExOboma I (5.527 ± 1.9346 µm) and M.ExOboma II (5.650 ± 1.0472 µm). Similarly, I.ExOboma I (8.275 ± 1.5064 µm) and I.ExOboma II (6.075 ± 2.3838 µm) showed no significant difference (p > 0.05) in their pore sizes. Meanwhile, the pore size of agarose was reported to be within the range of 6 to 35μm. No significant difference (p > 0.05) was also observed in the ratios of amylose and amylopectin (Am:Ap) contents between the varieties of cassava (M.ExOboma I 25:75 and M.ExOboma II 24:77) and sweet potato (I.ExOboma I 26:72 and I.ExOboma II 27:75). No significant difference (P > 0.05) between the pH range values (7.7 to 7.8) of cassava and sweet potato with that of agarose (7.5). The study also revealed that there were significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) in the clarity as well as the purity level of the starch samples compared to agarose. The results of this study are of great significance in predicting starch functionality and will form a basis for the improvement of the physicochemical attributes of starch for use in gel electrophoresis for the separation of biomolecules.
Perfil do migrante e migrante de retorno brasileiro: uma análise a partir do modelo logit multinomial
Authors: Silva Juliana de Sales , Rocha Roberta de Moraes , Bessaria Cássio da Nóbrega
Published: June 2022

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar o perfil do migrante e do migrante de retorno brasileiro. A metodologia utilizada para alcançar tal objetivo é um Logit Multinomial, estimado por Máxima Verossimilhança. A base de dados utilizada é o Censo Demográfico 2010, disponibilizado pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE). Verifica-se a partir dos resultados obtidos que os indivíduos que possuem maiores probabilidade de serem migrantes de retorno, quando comparados aos migrantes, são as pessoas jovens que possuem maior escolaridade e ocupação no mercado de trabalho como oficial, funcionário público, trabalhador sem carteira assinada e autônomo.
Análise da perda de bem-estar social no varejo de gasolina comum em Minas Gerais
Authors: Fernandes Rosangela A S , Peixoto Sarah Lorena
Published: June 2022

A revenda de gasolina comum em Minas Gerais viabiliza comportamento colusivo pelos revendedores trazendo implicações negativas sobre o bem – estar social. O objetivo foi avaliar a ineficiência gerada ao consumidor em relação à perda de bem – estar  social no período de 2008 a 2010. Para tal, mensurou-se a demanda e o peso-morto usando a metodologia desenvolvida em Daskin (1991). Os resultados sugeriram que a demanda por gasolina é inelástica em relação ao preço. Verificou-se também que a magnitude do peso-morto atingiu 11,73% em relação ao faturamento do setor, sugerindo uma perda para a sociedade em torno de R$ 918.232,23.
O Capital em Contradição: notas acerca das mudanças espaciais na dinâmica de acumulação capitalista
Authors: Barbosa Flavia Felix
Published: June 2022

O presente artigo coloca em evidência as transformações relativas ao espaço-tempo no curso da reprodução ampliada do capital. Entende-se que a dinâmica competitiva, contraditória e desigual do sistema capitalista possui um caráter histórico-geográfico e engendra constantes mudanças estruturais e superestruturais, inclusive, na estrutura espaço-temporalidade. O capital, no seu ímpeto de valorização, busca implementar meios para realizar a “compressão do espaço-tempo” no intuito de destruir as barreiras geográficas. Ademais, promove “ajustes espaciais” e cria diversidade geográfica através da concentração e do deslocamento do capital, sobretudo, no contexto das crises globais. Nesse sentido, o desenvolvimento territorial e a localização dos processos de produção aparecem como síntese de múltiplas determinações. A “destruição criadora” do espaço surge como momento ativo da dinâmica econômica evolutiva, hierárquica e urbana.
Complexo econômico industrial de saúde: uma análise da situação brasileira
Authors: Cavalcanti Ivanessa Thaiane do Nascimento , Ferreira Júnior Hamilton de Moura , Amorim Inara Rosa de , Fraga Joana Azevêdo
Published: June 2022

A saúde consiste em um componente do Estado de Bem-Estar Social e necessita ser compreendida como uma instituição para gerar todas as benesses que o desenvolvimento propicia. O Sistema de Saúde requer o fortalecimento de uma base produtiva nacional, de tal modo que possibilite a prestação universal de serviços em saúde, bem como o aumento da competitividade dos produtos nacionais e a geração de conhecimento e inovação. A análise do Complexo Econômico Industrial da Saúde permite a compreensão do potencial que o segmento possui e que não está sendo utilizado e, com isso, perde-se na qualidade de alguns serviços e produtos disponibilizados. Observar os interesses produtivos, tecnológicos e sociais, é essencial para entender como as relações na Saúde direcionam as políticas públicas empregadas, e permite a ampliação da visão sobre o setor. Olhar o ambiente nacional e compará-lo com os demais países do mundo, mostra como o Brasil está posicionado diante desse segmento e suscita em uma estratégia importante para ganhar mercado por meio da inserção internacional. Sendo assim, observar toda a complexa estrutura do Sistema Nacional de Saúde contribui para abrir caminhos para o desenvolvimento de ciência e tecnologia que irá favorecer o indivíduo como usuário final dos produtos e serviços, bem como dar a base para expandir a competitividade brasileira.