bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sikap Kerja Duduk-Berdiri Bergantian Menurunkan Kelelahan, Keluhan Muskuloskeletal Serta Meningkatkan Produktivitas Kerja Penyetrika Wanita di Rumah Tangga
Authors: Dinata I Made Krisna , Adiputra Nyoman , Adiatmika I Putu Gede
Published: July 2020

Many routine activities undertaken in the household are repeated every day throughout the year so can potentially cause health problems if not applied theprinciples of ergonomics. From the survey and measurement of domestic workers in several places in Denpasar, we found that the most complained was the process of ironing so it’s a priority to look for a solution. That complaints arise because the process of ironing is in static and monotony position. In addressing this issue , we need a change in attitude of working so that static work posture can be avoided. The use of specially designed chairs can make workers to work with a dynamic working attitude that is alternating sitting-standing posture.This experimental study using teatment by subject design with two periodeintervension  that sitting posture  and alternating sitting-standing  posture. The number of samples studied were 9 people using simple random  sampling technique. The study was conducted in a place that has been designed such as a simulation. Data collection was conducted over three days to sitting posture and three days to alternating sitting-standing posture at 8:00 to 17:00 pm divided into three sessions.In the assessment of workload showed a decrease of 19.72 % working pulse and the reduction of %CVL was 19.80%. Musculoskeletal complaints fell by 13.15%. Pain in the waist and buttocks most complained at work sitting posture (waist 37.04%; buttocks 33.33% ). For fatigue assessment using Bourdon Wiersma Questionnaires obtained 11.79% increase in speed, 42.68% in accuracy, and 13.21% in constancy. There was an increase in productivity by 38.46%, which is associated with reduced workload and duration of work. After statistical tests, obtained all the change that occur significant (p<0.05). Working-time graph showed that workers could work for eight hours continuously.It can be concluded that alternating sitting-standing posture can reduce workload, fatigue,  and musculoskeletal complaints, as well as increase productivity iron women in the household. The results of this research can be used to improve the quality of life of the worker in household.
MODIFIKASI GEBOTAN BERORIENTASI ERGONOMI MENINGKATKAN KINERJA PETANI WANITA PERONTOK PADI DI SUBAK MARGAYA DESA PEMECUTAN KELOD KODYA DENPASAR
Authors: Rasna I Made , Tirtayasa Ketut , Sutajaya I Made
Published: July 2020

During threshing rice activity, farmers in forward banding. This posture caused musculoskeletal disorders, fatigue, workload, and that all can reduce work productivity. Therefore, to overcome these problems it can be done with using ergonomics oriented gebotan modification, by adjusting gebotan’s height relatedto farmer’s anthropometry. The aims of this study to determine the  farmers’ performance improvement  that can be  seen from the  decrease  of  farmers'workload,  fatigue,  and  musculoskeletal disoders  as well as  an increase inproductivity after using the  modification of gebotan.This experimental study using treatment by subjects design, carried out on15 female farmers rice thresher of Subak Margaya. Musculoskeletal disorderswere collected by Nordic Body Map questionnaire, the workload is determinedbased on the increase in work heart rate. Heart rate prequency was measured by ten pulse method, fatigue was recorded by a 30 item of ratting scale questionnaire, and productivity was recorded by the amount of grains which threshed  in certain time. Data analysis was using t-paired test with a significant level of 5%.Before the  intervention  the  musculoskeletal disorders  score was 78.15;fatigue 73.95, work pulse 37.761, and productivity  0.645 respectively. With the score ergonomics oriented gebotan modification, the score of musculoskeletal disorders can be reduced to 43.35, fatigue 52.82, and work pulse 22,945, andproductivity increased to 1.19. The decrease of  musculoskeletal disorders 44.53%  (p <0.05), reduce of fatigue 28.57% (p <0.05), reduce workload 42.3% (p <0.05) and increasing productivity 83%  (p <0.05).The conclusions of this study, the ergonomics oriented gebotan modificationcan reduce  musculoskeletal disorders,  fatigue,  workload,  and  increase theproductivity of farmers. To farmers who threshing using gebotan recommended to, adjust the gebotan’s height as high as the user’s grip so in the process of threshing, the farmers working in physiological standing stance
ERGO-PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY DECREASING PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES, INCREASING ALERTNESS, WORK ABILITY AND WORK ENGAGEMENT AT THE ACCOUNTING DEPARTMENT OF BALI HYATT HOTEL, DENPASAR
Authors: Indah Luh Made , Pangkahila J. A. , Manuaba I.B. Adnyana , Tirtayasa I Ketut
Published: July 2020

Employee's performance can be determined from physiological responses, alertness, work abilityand work engagement. The performance can be achieved when employees are able to adjust the capacity to the existing task demands, once is in accounting department. This department requires the ability to adjust the capacity of employees physiologically and psychologically with the tasks demands, one of the tasks was maintaining financial balance by using a computer. Employees work comfortably, safely, healthy thus increasing productivity. The working conditions need to be improved to prevent fatigue, complaints, discomfort, injury, stress, until disorder/disease that affects the company performance. It is to apply ergonomics interventions with emphasis on the psychological approach or Ergo-Psychophysiology.Experimental studies have been carried out with treatment by subject design to the 17 employees at accounting department of Bali Hyatt Hotel, Denpasar. Sample performance observed when working in conventional condition (first period) and when working with treated Ergo-Psychophysiology (second period). Employee performance data between the two periods compared and analyzed by t-paired test at the significance level of 0.05.The data results showed that a decreased in the physiological response based on the decrease of fatigue was 22.18 % and musculoskeletal complaints was 9.08 %. The alertness of employee increased based on increase of pace of work was 12.73 %, an increase of accuracy was 9.52 % and increased of constancy was 21.62 %. An increased of work ability was 7.57% and an increased of work engagement was 16.73 % (p<0.05). There was no significance result for workload based on the working pulse (p>0.05). The results showed that the Ergo- Psychophysiological influenced employee performance based on physiological responses, alertness, work ability and work engagement, although the workload is not affected. This suggests that task demand of employment in the accounting department is more mental abilities than physical activity.It was concluded that the Ergo-Psychophysiology decrease the physiological response based on the decrease in fatigue and musculoskeletal complaints. Ergo-Psychophysiology also increases alertness, work ability and work engagement. It is suggested to support on mental working condition in the accounting department.
ANALISIS BEBAN KERJA PETANI PADA PENGOLAHAN LAHAN STROBERI DI KABUPATEN TABANAN
Authors: . M. Yusuf , . Nyoman Adiputra , Sutjana I Dewa Putu , . Ketut Tirtayasa
Published: July 2020

Bedugul is a village in Tabanan regency that produce strawberry. Bedugul is famous tourist area not only in Bali or Indonesia, are even known in the world. . In the process of planting strawberries, farmers cultivate land by making raised beds (bedeng) beforehand, add fertilizer, coat beds with mulch, and make a hole in the plastic mulch. there are problems in the processing of these strawberry fields, such as the musculoskeletal disorder and general fatigue. This research was conducted observational against 12 strawberry farmers in Bedugul Tabanan regency. The workload is predicted by calculated the pulse that measured by ten pulse methode in artery radialis use a stopwatch. Ambient temperature and humidity are measured with a sling psychrometer.  Wind speed is measured using the anemometer. Temperature heat of solar radiation measured with a thermometer bulb. General fatigue predicted by 30 item questioners about fatigue with 4 Likert scale. Musculoskeletal disorders predicted by Nordic Body Map. ECPT (extra calorie due to peripheral temperature) and ECPM (extra calorie due to peripheral metabolism) is calculated based on the pulse restore of the farmers. The results of this research concluded that: (1) Workload strawberry farmers categories of heavy workload, (2) There are significant differences in the score of subjective disorder of farmers (musculoskeletal disorder and general fatigue) before and after work, (3) The value of ECPM higher than ECPT so that to improve the activity of the farmers can be done through the task of strawberry farmers (4) score RULA analysis values obtained grand score of 7, that is mean investigation and change are required immediately. It is therefore recommended to immediate improvement in the work of the strawberry farmers
Adoption of Integrated Crop Management (ICM) Level On Rice Paddy Farming Agricultural Business
Authors: Akiyana Akiyana , Evahelda Evahelda , Pranoto Yudi Sapta
Published: July 2020

Poor level of knowledge and low level of technology adoption can reduce the production of a rice paddy in an agricultural business run by the farmer. Integrated Crop Management (ICM) is an innovation elaborated by the government to deal with these issues. Kepulauan Bangka Belitung Province through the Institute of Agricultural Assessment already implemented ICM to improve the production of crops. The study aims were to describe the Integrated Crop Management (ICM) and to analyze the factors that affected the ICM adoption in agricultural rice paddy business in Rias Village, Toboali District. This study was a survey study conducted in March until June 2019 involving 50 participants from farmer groups who implemented ICM, namely, Sinar Bone and Mekar Berkembang farmer group. Scoring method and multiple linear regression used to analyze the study result. There were three indicators used to describe the ICM level adoption: low, moderate, and high. Statistical analysis showed that the ICM components' adoption level was classified into a high category with a mean of 118.17 points or 78.78%. But on the other side, the component of integrated pest management (IPM) was still classified on the low category with a total of point of 80 or 53.33%. The tillage system component was obtained the highest score with a total of point of 140 or 93.33%. Factors affected the ICM adoption level were education level, agricultural business experience, agricultural extention and the wide of the agricultural area.
Marketing Communication on Food Processed (MSME) In Pontianak City
Authors: Sapitri Sapitri , Kurniati Dewi , Oktoriana Shenny
Published: July 2020

The selection of the marketing communication domain plays a major role in promoting products and services. The most common problem in Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSME) is its funding system. This study aimed to know the integrated communication marketing used in food processing MSME in Pontianak City. This study was involving 100 participants chosen based on the purposive sampling technique. The analysis method used was descriptive and qualitative analysis. Through a descriptive analysis, the variable studied was described. While, the qualitative analysis applied in assessing the data sources, data reduction, and deducting conclusions or verifications. The result showed that integrated communication marketing that consisted of media advertising, sales promotion, and direct marketing are highly contributed to the food processed sales performance in Pontianak City.
Women and Onion Farming in Lakor Island, Southwest Maluku Regency
Authors: Sopamena Junianita Fridianova
Published: July 2020

Up to this day, research on women-related topics has not completely revealed the independent contribution of women towards household income. This research’s aim was to analyze the existence of women’ contributions to their household income through onion farming on Lakor Island. The research data was chosen deliberately of 30 women who did onion farming in Werwawan Village, Lakor Island. The data collection was done by intense interview techniques and data confirmation to the related parties such as instructors and sellers. The data obtained through direct involvement of researchers using a list of questions, as well as direct observation to the women's activities in onion farming as a reflection of a qualitative approach. The results showed that most of the women engaged in onions farming independently, by utilizing home yards until open a land with an area of 1-2 hectares. The onion farming activities, contributed around Rp. 1,500,000 - 2,500,000 per planting season without assistance from men (husband). The contribution of women to household income reaches 60-80 percent. Therefore, women play an important role in improving the household economy through their contribution to household income.
The Promotion Strategy in Batu Jato Ecotourism in Sekadau Regency
Authors: Goreti Goreti , Kurniati Dewi , Oktoriana Shenny
Published: July 2020

Batu Jato is a tourist attraction site that frequently visited by local tourists on Sundays or public holidays. Batu Jato ecotourism has natural beauty views, clear river water, and vast expanse of rocks along the river. The descriptive, quantitative, and qualitative method was employed to obtain the primary and secondary data used in the study. Thirty participants were working as the village office staff, tourism department, tourism object management parties, tourists, and community around the Batu Jato ecotourism. The data collection is done by interview and questionnaire. The data analysis was conducted by SWOT analysis and Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM) analysis. There were three strategies arranged from SWOT analysis: 1) implementing a collaboration between the tourism object management parties, village office staff, and tourism department through an exhibition, souvenirs, banners, brochures, and pamphlets describing the Batu Jato attraction sites; (2) implementing a verbal communication as a method to deliver information about the Batu Jato attraction site such as through tourism extention and direct communication; and (3) improving the Batu Jato Ecotourism promotion through social media platforms such as website, Facebook, Instagram, WhatsApp and Youtube using attractive content in the form of pictures and writings.
The Effect of Motivation and Discipline Culture Optimalization on Worker’s Work Performance in Buana Tunas Sejahtera Company (Inc.) Kapuas Hulu Regency
Authors: Risyadi Irfan , Kurniati Dewi , Suharyani Anita
Published: July 2020

Nowadays, many companies in Indonesia are running in the plantation field. Buana Tunas Sejahtera Company (Inc.) is a palm oil company in West Borneo Province that working under the Kencana Group. This company was organized by leaders, directors, managers, manager assistants, foremen, clerks, permanent workers, and freelance workers. The worker’s work performance in this company was slightly low due to their worker’s low motivation and discipline. This study aimed to know the method to improve the workers’ work performance in Buana Tunas Sejahtera Company (Inc.), Kapuas Hulu Regency. This was a descriptive quantitative study employing an Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) done by software namely Expert Choice 11. There were 100 workers chosen by the purposive sampling technique participated in this study. The result showed that the key point in dealing with the worker's work performance issue was meeting their social need, while improving their salary was a key point in dealing with the motivation issue. Building the worker's responsibility was playing an important role in improving the discipline culture. The company needs to improve the worker’s motivation by conducting training sessions, increasing worker’s salaries during the overtime hours, and giving more motivation to their workers. To improve the discipline culture, the company needs to use clear and firm rules to enforce the proper and accountable behavior among the worker.
Sensitivity and Feasibility Analysis of Citronella Oil Business
Authors: Bimantio Mohammad Prasanto , Wardoyo Anthonius Dhinar Hasto
Published: July 2020

Today, citronella essential oil business in Indonesia is fronting two major problems: a diverse range of product quality and fluctuated price. Meanwhile, the global market demand keeps increasing until 3–5% per year. This fact indicated that the citronella essential oil business was having a high chance of participating in the global market. This study aimed to analyze the citronella essential oil business feasibility as a “people-oriented-economy” activity and determine variables that affected the feasibility in implementing this business. Citronella essential oil is produced by a steam distillation process with a production capacity of 2,400 kg/year. The number of citronella essential oil international product sales was reaching 76% with the selling price of IDR 360,000/kg and reaching 24% on the local market with the selling price of IDR 180,000/kg, therefore the total of sales in 300 days/year was IDR 7,360,320,000. Based on this calculation the total of profit obtained in a year was IDR 99,463,383. An effort through managing the material and selling price sensitivity already done to maintain the BEP and B/C values. The increasing price was anticipated by managing the product selling price fraction, while the decreasing of the selling price anticipated by managing the market fraction.
The Connection Of Entrepreneurship Characteristics And Business Performance Of Arabika Coffee Farmers
Authors: Martauli Elvin Desi
Published: July 2020

Entrepreneurship is a very important element in development, including in agriculture. One of the agriculture subjects that must have entrepreneurship characteristics to be able to encourage the improvement of farm performance is the farmer. The farmers in Tigapanah Sub-district, Karo District are farmers who are able to survive in performing coffee farming activities within various risks. The aim of this study was to analyze the cennection between entrepreneurship characteristics of Arabica coffee farmers in Tigapanah District to the farming performance. The method of sampling respondents was determined by the simple random sampling which involved 850 Arabica coffee farmers. The farmers in this study were 5% of the total respondents, which approximately 43 people. Based on the correlation analysis of Spearman Rank, on SPSS 20 was used to analyze the relationship between entrepreneurship characteristics to the farming performance. Based on the correlation analysis Spearman’s Rank, the results obtained that there was a positive and significant correlation between the characteristics of entrepreneurship with the performance of Arabica coffee farming. Positive and significant correlations were described by risk-taking, self-confident, task-and-outcome-oriented variables, leadership, future oriented and hard work towards the performance of Arabica coffee farming, which are market share, sales quantity, and income.
Agricultural Commodity Supply Response
Authors: Arisena Gede Mekse Korri , Oktavia Henita Fajar
Published: July 2020

Creating a farmer who able to actively respond to the agricultural commodity supply is a major challenge faced by the national government today. A dominant supply response to a certain factor would be easier to be identified by the stakeholder to arrange policies in improving the volume of agricultural commodity production. This study aimed to: 1) summarize the theories and study results about the supply demands, 2) analyze the factors that affected the supply response, and 3) examine the common problem-solving method used to analyze the supply response method. The secondary data was employed in this study by collecting relevant studies and theories. A review then conducted to address the study aims. Results showed that the farmer supply response to several factors was required to utilize the superior agricultural and horticulture (fresh fruit) commodity opportunities in competing on the world market. Vietnam, Thailand, and Latin America also strictly competing in exporting their commodity, but Indonesian healthy products were having a great chance to win this competition.
The Benefits and Problems in the Implementation of the Special Effort of Rice, Corn, Soybean Production Enhancement Program
Authors: Darwis Valeriana , Muslim Chairul , Hangga Saputra Yonas
Published: July 2020

The Special Efforts of Rice, Corn and Soybean Production Enhancement Program has been performed since 2015 and in its implementation several benefits and problems have been identified. The aim of this research was to identify the benefits, problems as well as the adoption and feedback of the application of technological innovation in East Java Province. The survey was conducted in June 2019 with data and information analysis conducted descriptively with the discussion utilized the deepening results through focus group discussion. The deepening results showed the benefits of participating in the program, which were: increased institutional activity, increased knowledge, and increased productivity. On the other hand, the problems were: the recipient was not in accordance with CPCL/prospective farmers and location; seed aid was not enough, it was not as expected and it was too late; Agricultural machine tools aid was still less and the size did not match the cultivated land. The expected feedbacks from technological innovation side were: (i) seed varieties aid adjusted to the location and farmers expectation also the arrival has to be on time and right amount; (ii) agricultural machine tools aid was not only for rice, the type and size of the agricultural machine tools followed the conditions of farmers' land and training for the operators who operate it.
The Productivity and Income of Corn Farming Business through the Application of Biological Fertilizers
Authors: Karman Joni , Suparwoto Suparwoto , Hutapea Yanter
Published: July 2020

The use of microbes’ research as biological fertilizers in order to increase corn production had been performed, but the analysis of farming business related to this matter has not been conducted. This research aimed to determine the effect of one of the biological fertilizers, which was Agrimeth, on the seeds of various composite corns to the growth factors, the productivity of corn farming in dry land, and the amount of income that was obtained. This research was conducted in Betung Village, Betung Sub-District, Banyuasin Regency, South Sumatra. The corn varieties used were Bima 10, Bima 19, and Sukmaraga. The results showed that the seed treatment of corn seeds with Agrimeth showed an improvement trend of plant height, number of leaves, cob length and diameter, weight of 100 dry shelled grains, dry shelled production, and R / C in each variety. The application of Agrimeth biological fertilizers increased corn farming in dry land with R / C 2.79; 2.65; and 1.82 for each Bima 10, Sukmaraga and Bima 19 varieties.
The Policy of Non-Cash Food Aid Program (BPNT)
Authors: Adnyana I Putu Cakra Putra , Untung Sabar
Published: July 2020

The RASTRA Program ended in 2019 replaced by the Non-Cash Food Aid Card (BPNT). There were two important things in the BPNT program, which were free to choose the type of rice and prices that change from time to time. When the policy was not well prepared, it can trigger high prices and many speculators appeared that affected the price and stock of rice on the market. On the other hand, Bulog had prepared a change of strategy in distributing rice to the community. This certainly had a direct impact on the community or Bulog itself. So that research needs to be done with the aim to find out the benefits of the BPNT program for the community and its impact on the Bulog. The research aim was to determine the benefits of the BPNT program for the community and the impact of the program on the National Logistics Agency (Bulog). The scope of the activity was reviewing the results of studies or research related to Bulog. The data collected through deskstudy then analyzed descriptively. The government program was able to reduce the expense load of beneficiary families and provide more balanced nutrition on target, on time, increase program effectiveness and encourage financial inclusion among grassroots communities, but on the other hand during the transition period in 2019 Bulog endures losses due to the BPNT program, So we need the support from all stakeholders to solve these problems.
The Role of Coffee Plantation in the Kerinci Regency Regional’s Economy
Authors: Suandi Suandi , Napitupulu Dompak , Effran Endy
Published: July 2020

The main indicator in economy development was the role and contribution of each sector and or sub-sector to economic growth. One of the sub-sectors that had a major role and contribution in economy development was coffee plantations. To determine the role of coffee plantations on the community’s economy in Kerinci Regency, Jambi Province, therefore the research aims were (1) to determine the role of coffee plantations on income and employment, (2) to determine the contribution of coffee plantations to income and employment, and (3) to determine the ratio of coffee plantation growth to income and employment. The research was conducted in Kerinci Regency in 2015 with 6 months research period. The research data were sourced from secondary data, which was time series data from 2005-2013. Data were analyzed using the Location Qoutient (LQ) approach, and Shift-share. The results showed that coffee plantations in Kerinci Regency were the base sector. The analysis results obtained that coffee plantations played a role as the main driver of the Kerinci Regency’s economy because it had a high income and employment. During the period of nine years 2005-2013, economic growth, income and employment of coffee plantation in Kerinci Regency showed a positive ratio value though it was fluctuated.
Socio-Economic Studies in Beef Cattle and Corn Crop Business
Authors: Rusdiana Supardi , Hapsari Angga Ardhati Rani
Published: July 2020

The purpose of this research was to analyze the economic value of farmers in beef cattle business and corn crop business. The research was conducted in Pallangga Village, Pallangga Sub-District, Gowa Regency, South Sulawesi in 2018. The research used a survey method and interviews with 26 farmers. The research method used a statistical analysis of t-test and economic value of R/C. Primary and secondary data were analyzed descriptively, quantitatively and economic analysis. The results showed that the results of the t-test analysis of the average similarity at 99% confidence level, there was a significant difference between the number of beef cattle and land area, a significance of 0,000 smaller (P <0.05). Farmer education had no significant effect on the 95% confidence level, because it was supported by the experience of farmers which was quite high (P>0.05). Farmer labor had a significant effect on the level by 99% and had a positive effect on beef cattle and corn plant. It was supported by the age of farmers who were still productive, so farmers were able to increase working time. Net profit from beef cattle business was Rp.4.85 million/year, equivalent to Rp.404,166/month with R/C of 1.92. The net profit from corn crop business was Rp.5.88 million/year, equivalent to Rp.404,166/month with R/C of 1.97. These results indicated the t-test value as a variable that significantly affected (P> 0.05). In terms of economic value, beef cattle and corn crop business in farmers with an R/C value > 1, it can be said that the business was feasible to be maintained.
Pre-Seed, Seed, and Start-Up Business on the Vegetable Seller e-Commerce User in Bali Province
Authors: Arisena Gede Mekse Korri , Ustriyana I Nyoman Gede , Trisna Anak Agung Inten
Published: July 2020

Today, many efforts prepared to improve the scope of the agricultural commodity product marketing segment to make the consumer and farmer could enjoy it properly. One of those effort completed by building an e-Commerce based agricultural trading system. This study aimed to assess the pre-seed, seed and start-up business on the vegetable seller e-Commerce user in Bali Province. This study done on the e-Commerce platforms: Facebook, Instagram, Tokopedia, and Shopee that used by the vegetable seller e-Commerce user in Bali Province. There were 30 participants involved in this study. Qualitative descriptive analysis with simple data tabulation used to address the study aim. Results showed that the pre-seed business developed due to the owner’s hobby in the agricultural area and environmental factors that drove them to run an agribusiness. On the step of the seed business, the vegetable seller started the business according to their will. Most of the sellers still used social media-based e-commerce with a simple application module. They expect to develop a complete module system to run their e-Commerce based business in the future.
G2RL: Geometry-Guided Representation Learning for Facial Action Unit Intensity Estimation
Authors: Fan Yingruo , Lin Zhaojiang
Published: July 2020

Facial action unit (AU) intensity estimation aims to measure the intensity of different facial muscle movements. The external knowledge such as AU co-occurrence relationship is typically leveraged to improve performance. However, the AU characteristics may vary among individuals due to different physiological structures of human faces. To this end, we propose a novel geometry-guided representation learning (G2RL) method for facial AU intensity estimation. Specifically, our backbone model is based on a heatmap regression framework, where the produced heatmaps reflect rich information associated with AU intensities and their spatial distributions. Besides, we incorporate the external geometric knowledge into the backbone model to guide the training process via a learned projection matrix. The experimental results on two benchmark datasets demonstrate that our method is comparable with the state-of-the-art approaches, and validate the effectiveness of incorporating external geometric knowledge for facial AU intensity estimation.
Deep Learning for Abstract Argumentation Semantics
Authors: Craandijk Dennis , Bex Floris
Published: July 2020

In this paper, we present a learning-based approach to determining acceptance of arguments under several abstract argumentation semantics. More specifically, we propose an argumentation graph neural network (AGNN) that learns a message-passing algorithm to predict the likelihood of an argument being accepted. The experimental results demonstrate that the AGNN can almost perfectly predict the acceptability under different semantics and scales well for larger argumentation frameworks. Furthermore, analysing the behaviour of the message-passing algorithm shows that the AGNN learns to adhere to basic principles of argument semantics as identified in the literature, and can thus be trained to predict extensions under the different semantics – we show how the latter can be done for multi-extension semantics by using AGNNs to guide a basic search. We publish our code at https://github.com/DennisCraandijk/DL-Abstract-Argumentation.
Argot: Generating Adversarial Readable Chinese Texts
Authors: Zhang Zihan , Liu Mingxuan , Zhang Chao , Zhang Yiming , Li Zhou , Li Qi , Duan Haixin , Sun Donghong
Published: July 2020

Natural language processing (NLP) models are known vulnerable to adversarial examples, similar to image processing models. Studying adversarial texts is an essential step to improve the robustness of NLP models. However, existing studies mainly focus on analyzing English texts and generating adversarial examples for English texts. There is no work studying the possibility and effect of the transformation to another language, e.g, Chinese. In this paper, we analyze the differences between Chinese and English, and explore the methodology to transform the existing English adversarial generation method to Chinese. We propose a novel black-box adversarial Chinese texts generation solution Argot, by utilizing the method for adversarial English samples and several novel methods developed on Chinese characteristics. Argot could effectively and efficiently generate adversarial Chinese texts with good readability. Furthermore, Argot could also automatically generate targeted Chinese adversarial text, achieving a high success rate and ensuring readability of the Chinese.
Label Distribution for Learning with Noisy Labels
Authors: Liu Yun-Peng , Xu Ning , Zhang Yu , Geng Xin
Published: July 2020

The performances of deep neural networks (DNNs) crucially rely on the quality of labeling. In some situations, labels are easily corrupted, and therefore some labels become noisy labels. Thus, designing algorithms that deal with noisy labels is of great importance for learning robust DNNs. However, it is difficult to distinguish between clean labels and noisy labels, which becomes the bottleneck of many methods. To address the problem, this paper proposes a novel method named Label Distribution based Confidence Estimation (LDCE). LDCE estimates the confidence of the observed labels based on label distribution. Then, the boundary between clean labels and noisy labels becomes clear according to confidence scores. To verify the effectiveness of the method, LDCE is combined with the existing learning algorithm to train robust DNNs. Experiments on both synthetic and real-world datasets substantiate the superiority of the proposed algorithm against state-of-the-art methods.
Triple-GAIL: A Multi-Modal Imitation Learning Framework with Generative Adversarial Nets
Authors: Fei Cong , Wang Bin , Zhuang Yuzheng , Zhang Zongzhang , Hao Jianye , Zhang Hongbo , Ji Xuewu , Liu Wulong
Published: July 2020

Generative adversarial imitation learning (GAIL) has shown promising results by taking advantage of generative adversarial nets, especially in the field of robot learning. However, the requirement of isolated single modal demonstrations limits the scalability of the approach to real world scenarios such as autonomous vehicles' demand for a proper understanding of human drivers' behavior. In this paper, we propose a novel multi-modal GAIL framework, named Triple-GAIL, that is able to learn skill selection and imitation jointly from both expert demonstrations and continuously generated experiences with data augmentation purpose by introducing an auxiliary selector. We provide theoretical guarantees on the convergence to optima for both of the generator and the selector respectively. Experiments on real driver trajectories and real-time strategy game datasets demonstrate that Triple-GAIL can better fit multi-modal behaviors close to the demonstrators and outperforms state-of-the-art methods.
User Modeling with Click Preference and Reading Satisfaction for News Recommendation
Authors: Wu Chuhan , Wu Fangzhao , Qi Tao , Huang Yongfeng
Published: July 2020

Modeling user interest is critical for accurate news recommendation. Existing news recommendation methods usually infer user interest from click behaviors on news. However, users may click a news article because attracted by its title shown on the news website homepage, but may not be satisfied with its content after reading. In many cases users close the news page quickly after click. In this paper we propose to model user interest from both click behaviors on news titles and reading behaviors on news content for news recommendation. More specifically, we propose a personalized reading speed metric to measure users’ satisfaction with news content. We learn embeddings of users from the news content they have read and their satisfaction with these news to model their interest in news content. In addition, we also learn another user embedding from the news titles they have clicked to model their preference in news titles. We combine both kinds of user embeddings into a unified user representation for news recommendation. We train the user representation model using two supervised learning tasks built from user behaviors, i.e., news title based click prediction and news content based satisfaction prediction, to encourage our model to recommend the news articles which not only are likely to be clicked but also have the content satisfied by the user. Experiments on real-world dataset show our method can effectively boost the performance of user modeling for news recommendation.
Inverse Reinforcement Learning for Team Sports: Valuing Actions and Players
Authors: Luo Yudong , Schulte Oliver , Poupart Pascal
Published: July 2020

A major task of sports analytics is to rank players based on the impact of their actions. Recent methods have applied reinforcement learning (RL) to assess the value of actions from a learned action value or Q-function. A fundamental challenge for estimating action values is that explicit reward signals (goals) are very sparse in many team sports, such as ice hockey and soccer. This paper combines Q-function learning with inverse reinforcement learning (IRL) to provide a novel player ranking method. We treat professional play as expert demonstrations for learning an implicit reward function. Our method alternates single-agent IRL to learn a reward function for multiple agents; we provide a theoretical justification for this procedure. Knowledge transfer is used to combine learned rewards and observed rewards from goals. Empirical evaluation, based on 4.5M play-by-play events in the National Hockey League (NHL), indicates that player ranking using the learned rewards achieves high correlations with standard success measures and temporal consistency throughout a season.
A Relation-Specific Attention Network for Joint Entity and Relation Extraction
Authors: Yuan Yue , Zhou Xiaofei , Pan Shirui , Zhu Qiannan , Song Zeliang , Guo Li
Published: July 2020

Joint extraction of entities and relations is an important task in natural language processing (NLP), which aims to capture all relational triplets from plain texts. This is a big challenge due to some of the triplets extracted from one sentence may have overlapping entities. Most existing methods perform entity recognition followed by relation detection between every possible entity pairs, which usually suffers from numerous redundant operations. In this paper, we propose a relation-specific attention network (RSAN) to handle the issue. Our RSAN utilizes relation-aware attention mechanism to construct specific sentence representations for each relation, and then performs sequence labeling to extract its corresponding head and tail entities. Experiments on two public datasets show that our model can effectively extract overlapping triplets and achieve state-of-the-art performance.
Infochain: A Decentralized, Trustless and Transparent Oracle on Blockchain
Authors: Goel Naman , van Schreven Cyril , Filos-Ratsikas Aris , Faltings Boi
Published: July 2020

Blockchain based systems allow various kinds of financial transactions to be executed in a decentralized manner. However, these systems often rely on a trusted third party (oracle) to get correct information about the real-world events, which trigger the financial transactions. In this paper, we identify two biggest challenges in building decentralized, trustless and transparent oracles. The first challenge is acquiring correct information about the real-world events without relying on a trusted information provider. We show how a peer-consistency incentive mechanism can be used to acquire truthful information from an untrusted and self-interested crowd, even when the crowd has outside incentives to provide wrong informations. The second is a system design and implementation challenge. For the first time, we show how to implement a trustless and transparent oracle in Ethereum. We discuss various non-trivial issues that arise in implementing peer-consistency mechanisms in Ethereum, suggest several optimizations to reduce gas cost and provide empirical analysis.
Bridging the Gap between Training and Inference for Neural Machine Translation (Extended Abstract)
Authors: Zhang Wen , Feng Yang , Liu Qun
Published: July 2020

Neural Machine Translation (NMT) generates target words sequentially in the way of predicting the next word conditioned on the context words. At training time, it predicts with the ground truth words as context while at inference it has to generate the entire sequence from scratch. This discrepancy of the fed context leads to error accumulation among the translation. Furthermore, word-level training requires strict matching between the generated sequence and the ground truth sequence which leads to overcorrection over different but reasonable translations. In this paper, we address these issues by sampling context words not only from the ground truth sequence but also from the predicted sequence during training. Experimental results on NIST Chinese->English and WMT2014 English->German translation tasks demonstrate that our method can achieve significant improvements on multiple data sets compared to strong baselines.
The Emerging Landscape of Explainable Automated Planning & Decision Making
Authors: Chakraborti Tathagata , Sreedharan Sarath , Kambhampati Subbarao
Published: July 2020

In this paper, we provide a comprehensive outline of the different threads of work in Explainable AI Planning (XAIP) that has emerged as a focus area in the last couple of years and contrast that with earlier efforts in the field in terms of techniques, target users, and delivery mechanisms. We hope that the survey will provide guidance to new researchers in automated planning towards the role of explanations in the effective design of human-in-the-loop systems, as well as provide the established researcher with some perspective on the evolution of the exciting world of explainable planning.
Heterogeneous Network Representation Learning
Authors: Dong Yuxiao , Hu Ziniu , Wang Kuansan , Sun Yizhou , Tang Jie
Published: July 2020

Representation learning has offered a revolutionary learning paradigm for various AI domains. In this survey, we examine and review the problem of representation learning with the focus on heterogeneous networks, which consists of different types of vertices and relations. The goal of this problem is to automatically project objects, most commonly, vertices, in an input heterogeneous network into a latent embedding space such that both the structural and relational properties of the network can be encoded and preserved. The embeddings (representations) can be then used as the features to machine learning algorithms for addressing corresponding network tasks. To learn expressive embeddings, current research developments can fall into two major categories: shallow embedding learning and graph neural networks. After a thorough review of the existing literature, we identify several critical challenges that remain unaddressed and discuss future directions. Finally, we build the Heterogeneous Graph Benchmark to facilitate open research for this rapidly-developing topic.
A Survey on Representation Learning for User Modeling
Authors: Li Sheng , Zhao Handong
Published: July 2020

Artificial intelligent systems are changing every aspect of our daily life. In the past decades, numerous approaches have been developed to characterize user behavior, in order to deliver personalized experience to users in scenarios like online shopping or movie recommendation. This paper presents a comprehensive survey of recent advances in user modeling from the perspective of representation learning. In particular, we formulate user modeling as a process of learning latent representations for users. We discuss both the static and sequential representation learning methods for the purpose of user modeling, and review representative approaches in each category, such as matrix factorization, deep collaborative filtering, and recurrent neural networks. Both shallow and deep learning methods are reviewed and discussed. Finally, we conclude this survey and discuss a number of open research problems that would inspire further research in this field.
The Development of Students Worksheet Based on Problem- Based Learning to Escalate High Order Thinking Skills
Authors: Irawati T N. , Mahmudah M
Published: July 2020

The present study was concerned with developing students’ worksheet (known as LKM), oriented to Problem-Based Learning. The worksheet was designed within the context of problems concerning higher-order thinking skills. The worksheet development applied the framework proposed by Dick and Carry, comprising of analysis, design, development or production, implementation or delivery, and evaluations. The findings of this study indicate that worksheets meet the validity standards with respect to the validity of the content, language, and presentation. The practicality and effectiveness of the worksheets are rated at high category, which is also corroborated by the excellent students’ responses.
A comprehensive review of ethnobotanical plants used by the people of Pir Panjal Range in (Jammu Division) Union Territory Himalaya of Jammu and Kashmir- India
Authors: Mahmood Tahir Mahmood
Published: July 2020

The current paper provides a taxonomic inventory of the medicinal plant species collected by the author during the last one decade from Pir Panjal range in (Jammu Division) Himalaya of Union territory Jammu & Kashmir- India. The inventory records a total no of 76 medicinal species belonging to 45 families of the total taxa were recorded for the medicinal Purposes. The inventory is expected to provide baseline scientific data for further studies on plant diversity in Jammu division and can be used to facilitate the long-term conservation and sustainable use of medicinal plant resources in the Himalaya region, and among all the families Cucurbitaceae and Euphorbiaceae were found to be most dominant families in term of the species in the areas with 06 species, followed by Polygonaceae and Rosaceae.
Russia’s Gas Price Discount for Bulgaria: The Problem of Imperial Economic Projects
Authors: Shlapentokh Dmitry
Published: July 2020

For a long time Moscow regarded gas line as the source of increasing revenue and the way to project its global influence. Moscow also believed that gas would be always cheaper than LNG and market for gas is bottomless. Nord Stream 2 and Turkish Stream have played a crucial role in the setup of the system. However, we see that some problems have emerged recently. There is a clear decline in the prices and interests in Russian gas. It is due to the economic crisis as well as cheap LNG and alternative gas lines. For this very reason, small states like Bulgaria became more assertive towards Russia and compel Moscow to make considerable concessions.