bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Update on the Burden of Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome in the United States
Authors: Ramphul Kamleshun , Mejias Stephanie Gonzalez , Joynauth Jyotsnav
Published: January 2020

OBJECTIVES:

To provide an estimate on the most recent burden of neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) in the United States.

METHODS:

The 2016 Kids’ Inpatient Database, provided by the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project and Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality and its partners, was used to identify patients with NAS in the United States. The data consisted of pediatric admissions from 4200 US hospitals recorded between January 1, 2016, and December 31, 2016. Data were converted to weighted form to project a national estimate on the possible number of neonates affected by NAS. Differences in sex, race, location, household income, primary payer form, length of stay, and total charges were studied.

RESULTS:

The sample contained 32 128 patients with NAS (0.8%), among whom 17 164 (53.5%) were boys and 14 935 (46.5%) were girls (P < .001); 23 027 (80.4%) were white (P < .001), and 13 583 (42.3%) were from the southern parts of the United States (P < .001). Medicaid covered 83.8% of patients, and 40.2% had an income within the first quartile of national averages (P < .001). The overall mean and median length of stay were 16.45 and 12.00 days, respectively, and the mean and median total charges were calculated as $79 937.75 and $38 537.00, respectively. The total charges of NAS were $2 549 098 822.

CONCLUSIONS:

The incidence of NAS is on a constant rise; the number of cases rose from 21 732 in 2012 to 32 128 in 2016. Hospital charges have also tripled over the last 7 years to $2.5 billion in 2016.
Association of Cough Status With Bacterial Infections in Febrile Infants
Authors: Klouda Timothy M. , Wang Hongyue , Yaeger Jeffrey P.
Published: January 2020

OBJECTIVES:

To examine the association between cough status and bacterial infections (BIs) to more accurately stratify risk and predict BIs in febrile infants.

METHODS:

A retrospective cohort study was performed by identifying all infants ≤60 days old with temperature ≥38°C at an urban pediatric emergency department from 2014 to 2016. The Rochester Risk model was used to stratify risk. Cough status (with or without) was the main covariate of interest. The primary outcome was a BI, including urinary tract infection, bacteremia, or meningitis. Analyses consisted of descriptive statistics, simple and multiple regression to compare the odds of BI on the basis of cough status, as well as χ2 statistics to compare the BI rates among high-risk infants with and without cough.

RESULTS:

Of 508 febrile infants ≤60 days old, 46 (9.1%) had a BI, 13 of which were either bacteremia or meningitis. There were no BIs among low-risk infants with a cough. The odds of BI increased progressively, peaking at 14.6 (95% confidence interval: 4.3–49.7) for high-risk infants without a cough. The adjusted odds of BI among infants with cough was 0.47 (95% confidence interval: 0.22–0.99).

CONCLUSIONS:

In our findings, an inverse relationship is demonstrated between presence of cough and odds of BI, suggesting that cough status may be a useful marker of viral infections in febrile infants. Considering that detecting cough status is noninvasive, inexpensive, and immediately available, it represents an attractive value-based risk factor to enhance current BI prediction models.
Educational Perspectives: Palliative Care Education in Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine Fellowship
Authors: Forman Katie R. , Thompson-Branch Alecia
Published: January 2020

The neonatal period from birth to less than or equal to 28 days is one of increased risk of death. Congenital anomalies and prematurity are 2 of the most common risk factors for death at this early age. Many of these neonates will die in an intensive care unit, some with full resuscitative efforts being undertaken despite the understanding that these actions are highly unlikely to yield an outcome different from death. Palliative care allows curative therapies to be provided alongside supportive techniques such as enhanced family communication, attention to spirituality and the psychosocial health of the family, management of symptoms other than those specific to the underlying disease process, and enhancing comfort. The American Academy of Pediatrics has set forth recommendations related to pediatric palliative care for the various pediatric subspecialties; however, much of the focus is on disease processes and curing or mitigating various illnesses. Given the high preponderance of death in the neonatal period, neonatal-perinatal medicine training programs should be tasked with generating formal palliative care training. Such training should be geared to providing better care for neonatal patients with a life-limiting or life-altering illness, and better equipping future neonatologists with the tools needed to provide truly comprehensive care for their sickest patients at risk for death and disability. This article serves to review the concept of palliative care in neonates, discuss the paucity of formal education in palliative care, explore the general trend in palliative care education, review various ways in which palliative care education can be formalized, and define metrics of a successful educational program.
Updates on Assessment and Monitoring of the Postnatal Growth of Preterm Infants
Authors: Cordova Erika G. , Belfort Mandy Brown
Published: January 2020

Assessing and monitoring the physical growth of preterm infants is fundamental to NICU care. The goals of nutritional care are to approximate the growth and body composition of the healthy fetus and to support optimal brain development while minimizing future cardiometabolic risk. Both poor and excessive growth predict adverse long-term health outcomes. Growth curves are clinical tools used to assess the preterm infant’s growth status. Several growth curves for preterm infants were developed in the past decade. To use them effectively, clinicians need to understand how each growth curve was developed; the underlying reference population; intended use; and strengths and limitations. Intrauterine growth curves are references that use size at birth to represent healthy fetal growth. These curves serve 2 purposes—to assign size classifications at birth and to monitor postnatal growth. The INTERGROWTH-21st preterm postnatal growth standards were developed to compare the postnatal growth of preterm infants to that of healthy preterm infants rather than the fetus. Individualized weight growth curves account for the water weight loss that frequently occurs after birth. In addition, body mass index (BMI) curves are now available. In this review, we discuss the main characteristics of growth curves used for preterm infants as well as the use of percentiles, z scores, and their change over time to evaluate size and growth status. We also review the differences in body composition between preterm infants at term-equivalent age and term-born infants and the potential role of monitoring proportionality of growth using BMI curves.
Intimate Partner Violence in the Adolescent
Authors: Rome Ellen S. , Miller Elizabeth
Published: January 2020

Intimate partner violence among adolescents (also called adolescent relationship abuse or teen dating violence) is common and is associated with poor health and social outcomes. Pediatric providers are uniquely positioned to offer universal education (anticipatory guidance) about healthy and unhealthy relationships to all their adolescent patients. Pediatric practices can ensure that youth know about available resources and supports for relationship abuse (for themselves or for their friends) and can facilitate safe connections to victim service advocates.
Marijuana Use and Potential Implications of Marijuana Legalization
Authors: Grigsby Tamara M. , Hoffmann Laurel M. , Moss Michael J.
Published: January 2020

Most states in the United States have legalized medical and/or recreational cannabis in response to public demand. Trends in states adopting such legislation demonstrate an increasing prevalence of cannabis use coincident to decreasing perceptions of risk of harm from cannabis products. When providing anticipatory guidance, pediatricians should be prepared to address childhood unintentional ingestion management and prevention, adolescent problem use, and cannabis as an alternative therapy for seizure disorders and other conditions.
Reimagining the Imaginaries
Authors: Ovsepyan Mari
Published: January 2020

A number of scholars of nonreligion and secularity have argued inrecent years for the need to get beyond the neat binaries and the negativeidentities signaled by atheism and agnosticism (e.g. Taves et al.2018). However, these binaries are deeply ingrained in the landscapeof ideas that have shaped the way we do scholarship. I will explore theEnlightenment sense of "excarnation" found in the CSR approachesto (non)religion, and will discuss what has contributed to it being"too much mind, and not enough brain, body, and culture," as ArminGeertz (2010) sums it up.Charles Taylor in his seminal work A Secular Age (2007) makes afamous case against the "subtraction stories" expressed in the popularnarrative as a mere reduction of religious belief. Taylor's interpretationinvolves the radical transformation of the social imaginaries that shapethe way we conceptualize the world we inhabit. Conceptualizingimaginaries as a way of collective production of sense offers a helpfulway of engaging with the question of how differently historied bodiescome to experience and engage with the world in different ways, andleads to the possibility of thinking about the role imaginaries play inreligious experience. In this essay, I will argue for the use of the socialimaginaries as a conceptual tool that contributes to our understandingof local theories of mind, offers a helpful contribution to the bioculturaltheory of (non)religion and functions as a bridge between itscognitive and affective elements.
Comparison of mean squared error estimators under the Fay-Herriot model: application to poverty and percentage of food expenditure data
Authors: SHİFERAW Yegnanew A , GALPİN Jacqueline
Published: January 2020

Small area estimates have received much attention from both private and public sectors due to the growing demand for effective planning of health services, apportioning of government funds and policy and decision making. The uncertainty of empirical best linear unbiased predictor (EBLUP) estimates is widely assessed by mean squared error (MSE). MSEs are criticized as they are not area specific since they do not depend on the direct estimators from the survey. In this paper, we compare the performances of different MSE estimators with respect to the relative bias and relative risk using a Monte Carlo simulation study.  Simulation results suggest the superiority of the proposed MSEs over the existing methods in some situations. As a case study, the 2010/11 household consumption expenditure survey (HCES) and the 2007 housing and population census of Ethiopia have been used to study the performances of the MSE estimators.
Spinal protein kinase A and phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase signaling are involved in the antinociceptive effect of phytohormone abscisic acid in rats
Authors: MOLLASHAHI Mahtab , ABBASNEJAD Mehdi , ESMAEILI-MAHANI Saeed
Published: January 2020

Abstract Objective: The phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) as a signaling molecule exists in various types of organisms from early multicellular to animal cells and tissues. It has been demonstrated that ABA has an antinociceptive effect in rodents. The present study was designed to assess the possible role of PKA and phosphorylated ERK (p-ERK) on the antinociceptive effects of intrathecal (i.t.) ABA in male Wistar rats. Methods: The animals were cannulated intrathecally and divided into different experimental groups (n=6‒7): Control (no surgery), vehicle (received ABA vehicle), ABA-treated groups (received ABA in doses of 10 or 20 µg/rat), ABA plus H.89 (PKA inhibitor)-treated group which received the inhibitor 15 min prior to the ABA injection. Tail-flick and hot-plate tests were used as acute nociceptive stimulators to assess ABA analgesic effects. p-ERK was evaluated in the dorsal portion of the spinal cord using immunoblotting. Results: Data showed that a microinjection of ABA (10 and 20 µg/rat, i.t.) significantly increased the nociceptive threshold in tail flick and hot plate tests. The application of PKA inhibitor (H.89, 100 nM/rat) significantly inhibited ABA-induced analgesic effects. Expression of p-ERK was significantly decreased in ABA-injected animals, which were not observed in the ABA+H.89-treated group. Conclusions: Overall, i.t. administration of ABA (10 µg/rat) induced analgesia and p-ERK down-expression likely by involving the PKA-dependent mechanism.
Mechanical thrombectomy for reperfusion of acute ischemic stroke in a Stroke Unit in Argentina
Authors: ALET Matías , LUCCI Federico Rodríguez , AMERISO Sebastián
Published: January 2020

Abstract Stroke is an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Reperfusion therapy with intravenous tissue plasminogen activator (IV-tPA) was first implemented in 1996. More recently, endovascular reperfusion with mechanical thrombectomy (MT) demonstrated a robust beneficial effect, extending the 4.5 h time window. In our country, there are difficulties to achieve the implementation of both procedures. Objective: Our purpose is to report the early experience of a Comprehensive Stroke Center in the use of MT for acute stroke. Methods: Analysis of consecutive patients from January 2015 to September 2018, who received reperfusion treatment with MT. Demographic data, treatment times, previous use of IV-tPA, site of obstruction, recanalization, outcomes and disability after stroke were assessed. Results: We admitted 891 patients with acute ischemic stroke during this period. Ninety-seven received IV-tPA (11%) and 27 were treated with MT (3%). In the MT group, mean age was 66.0±14.5 years. Median NIHSS before MT was 20 (range:14‒24). The most prevalent etiology was cardioembolic stroke (52%). Prior to MT, 16 of 27 patients (59%) received IV-tPA. Previous tPA treatment did not affect onset to recanalization time or door-to-puncture time. For MT, door-to-puncture time was 104±50 minutes and onset to recanalization was 289±153 minutes. Successful recanalization (mTICI grade 2b/3) was achieved in 21 patients (78%). At three-month follow-up, the median NIHSS was 5 (range:4‒15) and mRS was 0‒2 in 37%, and ≥3 in 63%. Conclusions: With adequate logistics and strict selection criteria, MT can be implemented in our population with results like those reported in large clinical trials.
Laparoscopia e lavado peritoneal no pré-operatório do adenocarcinoma gástrico: podemos modificar a conduta?
Authors: Carlotto Jorge Roberto Marcante , Carlotto Fernanda Marcante , Vesco Neto Marcos Dal , Pastorello Julia , Schmitz Lucas Duda , Dal-Vesco Juarez Antonio
Published: January 2020

RESUMO Objetivo: avaliar se a laparoscopia com lavado peritoneal é superior à tomografia computadorizada para o estadiamento do adenocarcinoma gástrico e se pode modificar a conduta cirúrgica do paciente. Métodos: estudo retrospectivo de 46 pacientes portadores de adenocarcinoma gástrico tratados pela equipe de cirurgia digestiva do Hospital de Clínicas de Passo Fundo (RS), de janeiro de 2015 a dezembro de 2018, e submetidos à laparoscopia com lavado peritoneal pré-operatório. Todos os pacientes foram submetidos ao estadiamento clínico pré-operatório com tomografia computadorizada. Resultados: dos 46 pacientes analisados, a maioria apresentava tumores localizados na cárdia (34,8%), pouco diferenciados (69,6%) e do subtipo células em anel de sinete (65,2%). Em 91,3% deles a tomografia computadorizada não identificou carcinomatose peritoneal ou metástases à distância. Entre estes pacientes com tomografia computadorizada negativa para doença à distância, 21,8% apresentaram lavado peritoneal positivo para células neoplásicas e tiveram suas condutas terapêuticas modificadas. Conclusão: a laparoscopia e o lavado peritoneal alteraram a decisão cirúrgica em 21,8% dos pacientes, proporcionando um estadiamento pré-operatório mais fidedigno no adenocarcinoma gástrico.
Presence and extension of the attributes of primary health care in public dental services in Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil
Authors: Cardozo Débora Deus , Hilgert Juliana Balbinot , Stein Caroline , Hauser Lisiane , Harzheim Erno , Hugo Fernando Neves
Published: January 2020

The objective was to compare the presence and extension of primary health care (PHC) in oral health services using the PHC attributes according to three different types of PHC organizational arrangements: Family Health Strategy (FHS), Community Health Service (CHS) and Traditional Primary Care (TPC). This is a cross-sectional study carried out between 2011-2013, following a cluster random sampling strategy. Adult users were interviewed from 15 health services of that 6 were managed by the CHS, 4 by the FHS and 5 by the TPC and which had the same oral health team for at least two years. The final sample was 407 users interviewed using the Primary Care Assessment Tool - Oral Health of Adults evaluation instrument and a sociodemographic questionnaire. PHC scores were calculated and transformed on a scale ranging from 0 to 10. For high scores, the cut-off point > 5.5 was used. Most of the interviewees were females, for the three types of services. The performance of CHS and FHS was higher than those of TPC in almost all attributes (p < 0.05). The extent of PHC attributes in services was poor (overall highest score was 5.75 in CHS). The CHS was the only service witch half of the users (83; 49.1%) rated oral health services as having a high overall score for PHC. It is concluded that there were differences among the organizational arrangements of PHC oral health services, however, there is much to be improved in the orientation of dental care services for PHC. More studies are necessary to evaluate the differences in PHC services considering oral health.
Antenatal exposure to antidepressant drugs and the risk of neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders: a systematic review
Authors: Araujo Jessica Salvador Areias de , Delgado Isabella Fernandes , Paumgartten Francisco José Roma
Published: January 2020

Abstract: This study investigated whether antenatal exposure to antidepressants (ADs) increases the risks of autism spectrum disorders (ASD), attention deficit/hyperactivity disorders (ADHD), schizophrenia and other mental illnesses, and cognitive and developmental deficits in infants or preschool children. PubMed, EMBASE, BIREME/BVS databases were searched to identify studies examining associations of ADs in pregnancy with neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders. Twenty studies addressed ASD and/or ADHD risks while 30 focused on developmental and cognitive deficits in infants or preschool children. Most studies detected no association of antenatal AD with ASD after adjustment of risk ratios for maternal depression or psychiatric disorders. Some studies showed that maternal depression, regardless of whether it is treated or untreated, increased ASD risks. Seven out of 8 studies found no increase in ADHD risk associated with antenatal exposure to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, the most commonly used AD. No consistent evidence was found linking AD in pregnancy to neurocognitive developmental deficits in infants or preschool children. A residual confounding by indication (depression severity) remained in almost all studies. This systematic review found no consistent evidence suggesting that ADs in pregnancy increase risks of ASD, ADHD, and neurocognitive development deficits. Some studies, however, found evidence that maternal depression increases ASD risks.
Micropropagation of Stevia rebaudiana plants
Authors: Rokosa Marta Teresa , Kulpa Danuta
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACT: The aim of the study was to develop optimum composition of plant growth regulators in media for the propagation and rooting of shoots of stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) in in vitro cultures. Single-node shoot fragments obtained from plants propagated on MS medium were placed onto media supplemented with: BAP, 2iP and KIN at concentrations: 0.5, 1, 2 and 5 mg∙dm-3, whereas at the rooting stage with addition of: IAA, IBA and NAA at concentrations 1, 2, 4 and 8 mg∙dm-3. The highest number of shoots and leaves was reported for plants propagated on MS medium enriched with 0.5 mg∙dm-3 BAP. The greatest number of the longest roots was developed by stevia on the MS medium enriched with 1 mg∙dm-3 IAA.
Women working in animal husbandry: a study in the agroecological transition context
Authors: Ferreira Eduarda Lopes , Barros Rodrigo Alves , Bevilacqua Paula Dias
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACT: This study investigated the engagement of women in animal husbandry in agroecological transitions scenarios and reflects on the advancements and challenges encountered in overcoming gender inequalities in rural areas. Semi-structured interviews and participant observation were conducted in nine properties in three municipalities in the region of Zona da Mata of Minas Gerais State. Women are involved in husbandry of different animal species, and participate in the management, processing, and marketing of products, contributing to food diversification, self-consumption, and income generation. Overcoming gender inequality in an agroecological scenario requires making the work and knowledge of women farmers visible and increasing their prominence, while ensuring economic valuation of their work and access to the market through public policies aligned with the reality of animal production in agroecological family agriculture contexts.
Prediction of soil organic matter and clay contents by near-infrared spectroscopy - NIRS
Authors: Lazzaretti Bruno Pedro , Silva Leandro Souza da , Drescher Gerson Laerson , Dotto André Carnieletto , Britzke Darines , Nörnberg José Laerte
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACT: Among the soil constituents, special attention is given to soil organic matter (SOM) and clay contents, since, among other aspects, they are key factors to nutrient retention and soil aggregates formation, which directly affect the crop production potential. The methods commonly used for the quantification of these constituents have some disadvantages, such as the use of chemical reactants and waste generation. An alternative to these methods is the near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) technique. The aim of this research is to evaluate models for SOM and clay quantification in soil samples using spectral data by NIRS. A set (n = 400) of soil samples previously analyzed by traditional methods were used to generate a NIRS calibration curve. The clay content was determined by the hydrometer method while SOM content was determined by sulfochromic solution. For calibration, we used the original spectra (absorbance) and spectral pretreatment (Savitzky-Golay smoothing derivative) in the following models: multiple linear regression (MLR), partial last squares regression (PLSR), support vector machine (SVM) and Gaussian process regression (GPR). The curve validation was performed with the SVM model (best performance in the calibration based on R² and RMSE) in two ways: with 40 random samples from the calibration set and another set with 200 new unknown samples. The soil clay content affects the predictive ability of the calibration curve to estimate SOM content by NIRS. Validation curves showed poorer performance (lower R² and higher RMSE) when generated from unknown samples, where the model tends to overestimate the lower levels and to underestimate the higher levels of clay and SOM. Despite the potential of NIRS technique to predict these attributes, further calibration studies are still needed to use this technique in soil analysis laboratories.
Elaboration, evaluation of nutritional information and physical-chemical stability of dairy fermented drink with caja-mango pulp
Authors: Souza Handray Fernandes de , Borges Lara Aguiar , Lopes João Pedro Antunes , Carvalho Bruna Mara Aparecida de , Santos Sérgio Henrique Sousa , Almeida Anna Christina de , Lima William James Nogueira , Brandi Igor Viana
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACT: Whey is a by-product of the dairy industry of great importance due to its high nutritional value, and can be used for the manufacture of fermented dairy drinks which, combined with fruit, increase the nutritional value and add characteristic flavors. Therefore, a fermented dairy beverage with caja-mango pulp (Spondias dulcis) was elaborated and its nutritional information as well as the physical-chemical stability were evaluated during storage. The results showed that the nutritional information met the requirements stipulated by the Brazilian legislation. The physical-chemical stability of the dairy fermented drink in terms of pH, acidity, syneresis and sedimentation was influenced by the storage time, possibly associated with uncontrolled factors in this study, such as the initial and final dairy culture concentration of the processed product, protein biodegradation during storage and low solids contents. It is concluded that the elaborated drink constitutes a food source of several nutrients, and may complement the daily diet of children, adolescents and adults, supplying nutritional deficiencies.
Simulation-based analysis of shared manufacturing systems
Authors: Silva Gustavo Furtado da , Casarotto Filho Nelson , Frazzon Enzo Morosini
Published: January 2020

Abstract Advancements in information and communication technologies are encouraging researches in shared manufacturing systems, especially on current high-competitiveness and low-resources scenarios. This paper aims to compare productive resources sharing with traditional manufacturing systems by using a simulation-based optimization model. The model is based on the One Product Integrated Manufacturing paradigm in which the efficiency optimization is pursued by designing ad-hoc virtual factories allocating the best resources available on an existing network. The proposed simulation-based optimization model is capable of identifying the best production path and plan for different distances between network members. Along with a better overall efficiency, it is also possible to argue that dedicated virtual factories ease the identification of problems and allow for improvements without negatively affecting other resources.
O crédito no Brasil no período colonial: Uma revisão historiográfica
Authors: CARRARA Angelo Alves
Published: January 2020

Resumo Alguns dos elementos explicativos fundamentais sobre o crédito no Brasil durante o período colonial começaram a ser gestados há mais de um século, o mais recorrente dos quais, a oferta monetária, assumida como escassa até 1808, quando um conjunto de medidas começou a ser posto em execução no sentido de suprir essa carência de numerário no país. Entre estas, a mais comumente referida é a criação do Banco do Brasil em 12 de outubro de 1808. Este artigo busca discutir a historiografia recente sobre o crédito no Brasil entre os séculos XVII e XVIII, com particular atenção para a sua relação com a oferta monetária. Ademais, refuta a premissa da escassez da moeda e do recurso ao crédito como uma de suas consequências. Por tratar-se de uma revisão historiográfica, escapa ao escopo deste artigo um exame pormenorizado das fontes, mas buscar-se-á enfatizar a necessidade de ampliar os estudos com documentos até agora inexplorados, bem como aprofundar as análises sobre os instrumentos jurídicos de proteção às operações creditícias.
O que é justo? "dar a cada um o que é seu": Tramas jurídicas no final do século XVIII em Pernambuco
Authors: DIAS Érika Simone de Almeida C.
Published: January 2020

Resumo O objetivo do texto é analisar os atos legais, que levaram ao afastamento do poder do último governador Setecentista de Pernambuco. O artigo evidencia o papel da comunicação política e o trâmite jurídico escolhido pelos denunciantes para que a Coroa portuguesa aceitasse punir D. Tomás José de Melo do governo da capitania, e julgá-lo na Corte, em um dos seus tribunais. A pesquisa explora a documentação colonial do Arquivo Histórico Ultramarino, buscando compreender o trâmite jurídico e o processo instaurado contra o governador, concluindo que a aplicação da justiça, mesmo no final do século XVIII, continuava sendo uma prerrogativa do monarca e ainda cabia ao rei dar a cada um o que era seu de direito.
Um jogo absorvente: Paticídio e cultura popular no Círio de Nazaré
Authors: HENRIQUE Márcio Couto
Published: January 2020

Resumo O artigo tem como objetivo analisar os sentidos sociais presentes na prática do paticídio, matança ritual do pato ocorrida na festa do Círio de Nazaré, em Belém do Pará, entre meados do século XIX e início do século XX. Com base em anúncios de jornais, constatou-se que a morte do pato era um jogo coletivo que seguia um protocolo tradicional e que era uma das principais diversões da festa de Nazaré. Por outro lado, servia como importante mecanismo de constituição e reforço dos laços coletivos entre os devotos de Nossa Senhora de Nazaré, o que permite conhecer melhor essa dimensão da cultura popular da época.
Anatomia de uma injustiça secular: O Estado Novo e a regulação do serviço doméstico no Brasil
Authors: MARQUES Teresa Cristina de Novaes
Published: January 2020

Resumo O artigo busca recuperar o processo político que levou à decisão de excluir os trabalhadores domésticos do alcance de proteção da Consolidação das Leis do Trabalho (CLT), editada em 1943. O debate em torno da situação jurídica dessa vasta categoria, onde predominavam mulheres pobres e negras, teve início na Constituinte de 1933-34 e se arrastou por uma década, contando com a interferência de diversos atores políticos. Para as ativistas feministas ligadas à Federação Brasileira pelo Progresso Feminino, o resultado da polêmica em torno da proteção do trabalho doméstico foi uma das muitas derrotas colhidas no Estado Novo, muito embora a defesa desta categoria não tivesse sido uma prioridade entre essas ativistas. A resultante do confronto de opiniões sobre o assunto guiou as políticas públicas para a categoria nas décadas seguintes à queda de Vargas.
Lleguar a la Cámara de Diputados de Argentina “desde afuera”: recursos, inversiones y marginalidades
Authors: Levita Gabriel
Published: January 2020

RESUMO Introdução: El presente artículo indaga desde una sociología política cualitativa las trayectorias sociales y los ingresos a la política partidaria de un conjunto de diputados nacionales argentinos que asumieron sus bancas después de 2007, tras haber acumulado recursos y reconocimiento en otros ámbitos profesionales. Materiales y Métodos: Reconstruimos sus trayectorias laborales, reclutamientos, entradas a la política y llegadas a la Cámara de Diputados a partir de entrevistas en profundidad y de fuentes secundarias. Los casos desarrollados fueron elegidos en función de las posibilidades de cada trayectoria de ofrecer de manera nítida una diversidad de orígenes socioprofesionales y de tipos de capital político. Resultados: El análisis se centra en tres dimensiones: a) la reconversión en capital político de los recursos acumulados en la profesión anterior; b) el ingreso a la competencia partidaria concebido en términos de inversión y riesgo; y c) la posición subalterna de estos actores al llegar al Congreso. Mostramos cómo: a) al momento de la entrada “desde afuera” se aprecian dos tipos de recursos, los individuales y los colectivos; b) los riesgos que asumen al invertir en la política se asocian a la posibilidad de volver al ámbito profesional del que provienen; y c) existe una doble condición de marginalidad, a partir de las posiciones subordinadas que ocupan en la vida parlamentaria y de un extrañamiento respecto al funcionamiento del Congreso. Discusión: El artículo contribuye al conocimiento acerca de las elites políticas argentinas de la actualidad y, específicamente, al de quienes ingresan al Congreso “desde afuera” a partir de la conceptualización de la sociología política francesa en torno a las estructuras de recursos con los cuales estos actores entran a la política. Así, permite conocer las condiciones sociales del reclutamiento político más allá de las variables institucionales.
Accounting for bitcoins in light of IFRS and tax aspects
Authors: Pelucio-Grecco Marta Cristina , Santos Neto Jacinto Pedro dos , Constancio Diego
Published: January 2020

Abstract This essay presents recommendations in regard to accounting for operations that involve bitcoins, in compliance with the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), and analyzes their main tax aspects. There is no specific pronouncement on the part of the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) or from the Brazilian Accounting Pronouncements Committee (CPC) regarding the accounting treatment to be applied in operations that use these currencies. Bitcoin is of interest to economists as a virtual currency with the potential to disrupt existing payment systems and even monetary systems. This essay offers a contribution for standard-setters and the tax authority (fisco) by providing the basis for possible guidelines to be issued on the accounting treatment of bitcoin operations, as well as by defining the appropriate tax treatment; in addition, it makes a contribution for accounting professionals by suggesting the accounting policy to be adopted in these operations. Here, the analysis of the characteristics of bitcoins is compared with the guidelines and concepts of IFRS, in order to elaborate the recommendation for accounting treatment, and it suggests that the most adequate procedure would be that of foreign currency, which would go against the tax treatment adopted up until now by the Brazilian Internal Revenue Service (Receita Federal) or the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) of the United States of America (USA), which suggest treating virtual currencies as goods and not as currencies. It warrants mentioning that this contradiction may cause tax risks for taxpayers.
Development of the Inventory of Supporting for Socio-Emotional Skills, evidence of internal structure controlling for acquiescence
Authors: Valentini Felipe , Mose Leonardo de Barros , Ramos Isabella de Sousa , Conceição Nathalia Martins da
Published: January 2020

Abstract This study aims to develop the Inventory of Supporting for Socio-Emotional Skills, which is an instrument for assessing the support for socio-emotional development provided by teachers, rated by students. It also aims to gather validity evidence of the internal structure of Inventory of Supporting for Socio-Emotional Skills and to control acquiescence. We elaborated the items, which content were evaluated by six experts. For the internal structure, a sample composed of elementary and high-school students (N = 443) was used to answer the instrument. The instrument presented good psychometric parameters after controlling for acquiescence using the Random Intercept Model. The final structure was set as unidimensional. We suggest controlling acquiescence to avoid biased scores. In addition, we make an inventory available that can be helpful for socio-emotional skills development.
Mast cells in the kidney biopsies of pediatric patients with lupus nephritis
Authors: Santos Stéfany Silva , Ramos Carolina Marques , Monteiro Maria Luiza Gonçalves dos Reis , Machado Juliana Reis , Reis Marlene Antônia dos , Corrêa Rosana Rosa Miranda , Rocha Laura Penna
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACT Introduction: Mast cells may be involved in inflammation and contribute to the onset of fibrosis in lupus nephritis (LN). Objective: This study aimed to correlate the presence of mast cells in kidney biopsy specimens of pediatric patients with LN with activity (AI) and chronicity (CI) indices and assess how effectively mast cells may be used as a prognostic factor. Method: The study included 40 patients aged 6-18 years diagnosed with LN at the Renal Disease Service of the Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro between 1996 and 2015. Workup and epidemiological data were evaluated vis-à-vis AI, CI, and mast cell counts (MCC). Results: Significant positive correlations were found between mast cell counts (MCC) and AI (p = 0.003; r: 0.66) and MCC and CI (p = 0.048; r: 0.48). The ROC curve showed that mast cells were highly sensitive and specific in the differentiation of patients with an AI > 12 from individuals with an AI ≤ 12. Serum creatinine levels were higher in individuals with class IV LN than in patients with class V disease [1.50 (0.40-20.90) vs. 0.70 (0.62-0.90), p = 0.04]. Blood urea nitrogen had a positive significant correlation with MCC (p = 0.002; r: 0.75). A trend toward a negative correlation was observed between MCC and serum albumin (p = 0.06; r: -0.5459). Kidney biopsies of patients with nephrotic syndrome had higher MCC [2.12 (0.41-5.140) vs. 0.53 (0.0-3.94), p = 0.07]. Conclusion: Inflammatory cell infiltration and morphological differences between cell types in the inflammatory infiltrate are relevant factors in the assessment of the LN. Mast cell analysis and AI/CI assessment may be relevant prognostic indicators for pediatric patients with LN.
Estéticas de la aspiración, políticas de la inclusión: glosas al desarrollo en dos saraus de Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Bustos Diego
Published: January 2020

Resumen Durante los últimos cinco años y después de las jornadas de junio, la tradición de los saraus en Brasil experimentó un cambio cuantitativo: su incidencia aumentó exponencialmente a lo largo del territorio del país, siguiendo el ejemplo de eventos pioneros como Cooperifa. El salto también fue cualitativo: existe una versión de estos performances culturales que responde a las nuevas dinámicas socioeconómicas del país y que descubre un repertorio de significados que pueden verse como parte de una genealogía del desarrollo que siempre ha estado presente detrás de su puesta en escena. El artículo presenta, a partir del trabajo etnográfico en tres de estos eventos, un paisaje cultural que interpreta el contexto y los significados de un fenómeno que no sólo se inscribe en relación con la tradición de los saraus como el espacio por antonomasia de la cultura periférica, sino con las narrativas de desarrollo económico en la región, especialmente las puestas en práctica por los gobiernos del Partido de los Trabajadores. Comentario y ruptura, esta nueva escena de saraus arroja pistas sobre los obstáculos aún presentes a las ansias de igualdad de la nación brasilera.
SISTEMAS NACIONAIS DE POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS E SEUS EFEITOS NA IMPLEMENTAÇÃO O caso do Sistema Único de Assistência Social (Suas)
Authors: Bichir Renata , Simoni Junior Sergio , Pereira Guilherme
Published: January 2020

Sistemas nacionais de políticas públicas definem os macroparâmetros para a implementação, com potencial para induzir agendas, disseminar capacidades institucionais e gerar certa convergência nos padrões de provisão no nível subnacional. Neste artigo, testamos se tais efeitos de coordenação ocorrem mesmo em uma área recentemente estruturada como política pública: a assistência social. À luz dos instrumentos de coordenação definidos pelo Sistema Único de Assistência Social (Suas), o presente trabalho tem um duplo objetivo. Primeiramente, analisamos os níveis gerais de implementação dos serviços de proteção básica ofertados pelas unidades do Centro de Referência de Assistência Social (Cras), unidades mais capilares para prestação dos serviços, verificando se os parâmetros nacionais incrementaram o nível geral de implementação e reduziram desigualdades. Em segundo lugar, verificamos se capacidades institucionais locais estão relacionadas com a implementação. Avançamos empiricamente, em relação à literatura disponível, ao construir indicadores originais para mensurar a implementação dos serviços; com base em dados do Censo Suas do período entre 2011 e 2016, elaboramos indicadores para caracterizar a provisão de serviços e benefícios, assim como os recursos humanos e a estrutura física das unidades do Cras. Os resultados indicam que, de fato, houve incremento nos níveis de implementação ao longo do tempo, com tendência à convergência entre esses equipamentos em todo o Brasil e entre regiões e municípios de diversos portes. Uma parte dessa variação é explicada pelas capacidades locais. Embora positiva, essa associação é fraca, o que ressalta a importância de estudos sobre os contextos de implementação e a governança multinível.
RAÇA E MODERNIDADE EM FORMAÇÃO DO BRASIL CONTEMPORÂNEO, DE CAIO PRADO JR.
Authors: Melo Alfredo Cesar B. de
Published: January 2020

Neste artigo argumentamos que a principal obra de Caio Prado Júnior estabelece uma clara hierarquização de culturas para interpretar o Brasil, dentro da qual a ocidental assume o protagonismo das transformações históricas, enquanto as culturas não ocidentais da matriz colonial brasileira (africanas e ameríndias) são avaliadas como coadjuvantes de pouca expressão para a construção do Brasil moderno. Pretendemos mostrar que, na obra Formação do Brasil contemporâneo , o país só poderia consolidar sua formação por meio de um processo de modernização/ocidentalização cultural.
O DESPERTAR E A RECONCILIAÇÃO EM HÉRACLES E EM HIPÓLITO, DE EURÍPIDES
Authors: Zorrer da Silva Fernando Crespim
Published: January 2020

O dramaturgo Eurípides refletiu, questionou e reproduziu a sua perplexidade em relação aos deuses em diversas peças. Em algumas dessas obras, observamos que, graças à atuação das divindades, alguns indivíduos passam por experiências nas quais perdem a lucidez e o autocontrole, praticando, às vezes, atos horríveis. Vejamos como ocorre tudo isso em um contraponto entre as peças Héracles e Hipólito quando mortais perdem os seus limites e como se comportam diante de momentos conturbadores.
PERDOAR-SE O IMPERDOÁVEL: UMA LEITURA DO HERCULES FURENS DE SÊNECA
Authors: Silva Rafael Guimarães Tavares da
Published: January 2020

Partindo de uma leitura cerrada da tragédia Hercules furens [Hércules furioso], pretendo avançar uma série de sugestões que levam em consideração palavras e passagens específicas para expandi-las até uma visão renovada dessa obra de Sêneca. Para isso, apoio-me em estudiosos contemporâneos, tanto especialistas da obra de Sêneca (Florence Dupont, Zélia de Almeida Cardoso, Luciano Antonio Marchiori e Ana Ribeiro Grossi Araújo), quanto teóricos que refletem sobre o pensamento ocidental (Hannah Arendt e Jacques Derrida), a fim de suscitar questionamentos à visão tradicional sobre a relação entre a tragédia e a filosofia estoica na obra de Sêneca, o valor estético de seu texto trágico e o interesse de suas personagens dramáticas.
In–service Teachers’ Knowledge and Misconceptions of Global Warming and Ozone Layer Depletion: A Case Study
Authors: HEBE Headman
Published: January 2020

The South African curriculum assessment
and policy statement (CAPS) envisions a learner who embodies numerous
principles which include commitment towards a healthy environment. This behoves
in–service teachers to expose learners to environmental education (EE)
throughout the education system. To be able to do this, they need to have
tangible levels of environmental literacy (EL) on various issues of
environmental concern. This paper reports on a case study conducted in the
North West province of South Africa to explore the EL of in–service teachers
regarding global warming and the depletion of the ozone layer. Fifteen teachers
participated in this interview–driven qualitative research inquiry. The
findings suggest that some in–service teachers hold various scientific
misconceptions regarding global warming and the ozone layer. These findings
corroborate those of previous studies involving pre–service and in–service
teachers. The researcher recommends support to help enhance the EL of
in–service teachers, in respect of topical issues such as global warming and
the ozone layer. Additionally, due the dearth of research that focuses on the
EL of in–service teachers on issues explored in this study, globally, the
researcher also posits that more research similar to this one is essential.
Mathematical analysis of drone flight path
Authors: Barna Róbert , Solymosi Kristóf , Stettner Eleonóra
Published: January 2020

In practice, the drone may not always be able to follow a pre-planned flight path. Therefore, producing orthophotos can be problematic. The drone's shooting positions can be read from the captured images, so the actual flight path is known. The recorded route data and camera properties can be used to calculate the photographed area. It is a prerequisite for making an orthophoto that the adjacent images overlap a certain percentage. Calculating the area of an overlapping rectangle is lengthy by specifying the coordinates of the intersecting sides. We have developed a simpler method for this. One of the two overlapping rectangles was fixed and examined to determine the curve of the center of the other rectangle such that the overlapping area was exactly equal to the required overlap. This curve has become a hyperbola arc. This makes the calculation simpler and can be traced back to comparing the lengths of two sections. The method was developed using GeoGebra software.
Comparison of Internal Validity Indices for Fuzzy Clustering
Authors: Cebeci Zeynel
Published: January 2020

Partitioning clustering has been one of the key components of data analytics to discover meaningful patterns in agricultural big data, driven by the increasing use of IoT-based technologies in smart farming. In partitioning clustering, the quality of clustering or performances of clustering algorithms are mostly evaluated by using the internal validity indices. In this study, the effectiveness of some widely used internal fuzzy indices are compared using the basic Fuzzy C-Means clustering algorithm. It is especially aimed to investigate changes in the effectiveness of validity indices when fuzzy data points are at different distances from the cluster centers. According to the results obtained on the simulated two-dimensional datasets, Fuzzy Silhouette, Fuzzy Hypervolume and Kwon are the most successful indices in validation of fuzzy clustering results.
Case of development of Gottron’s carcinoid papillomatosis of skin against a background of protracted psoriasis
Authors: Kobernik M. Yu. , Elkin V. D. , Sedova T. G. , Zhukova A. A.
Published: January 2020

The paper presents information regarding a rare skin disease Gottrons carcinoid papillomatosis, for the first time described in 1932 by German dermatologist H.A. Gottron. Its development is associated with the preceding chronic dermatoses and disturbance of circulation in the lower extremities. Morphologically, Gottrons carcinoid papillomatosis of the skin is characterized by the development of pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia of epidermis. Clinical picture, dermatoscopy, ultrasound and histological studied were used for diagnosis. This disease should be differed from high differentiated squamous cell carcinoma of the skin, chronic ulcerous pyodermavegetans, lupus verrucosis, chromomycosis. We described our own clinical observation of Gottrons carcinoid papillomatosis of the skin, developed against a background of psoriasis.
Determination of Antioxidant and Oxidant Potentials of Pleurotus citrinopileatus Mushroom Cultivated on Various Substrates
Authors: GÜRGEN Ayşenur , SEVİNDİK Mustafa , YILDIZ Sibel , AKGÜL Hasan
Published: January 2020

Many mushroom species have been used by people for
different purposes, from past to present. Cultivated mushrooms may show
different biological effects depending on the content of the substrate they
grown on. The present study aimed to determine the total antioxidant status
(TAS), total oxidant status (TOS) and oxidative stress index (OSI) of Pleurotus citrinopileatus Singer
mushroom cultivated on five different substrates. The cultivated mushrooms were
extracted with ethanol in a Soxhlet device. TAS, TOS and OSI of extracts were
determined with Rel Assay kits. The highest TAS (3.125±0.038 mmol/L), TOS (10.786±0.313 µmol/L)
and OSI (0.345±0.014) values were determined in the mushrooms grown on 90%
beech sawdust+10% bran. The lowest TAS (2.316±0.042), TOS (1.246±0.044) and OSI
(0.054±0.001) values were obtained from the mushrooms grown on 100% poplar
sawdust.