bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Cost and Waste-Savings Comparison Between Single-Use and Reusable Pulse Oximetry Sensors Across US Operating Rooms
Authors: Stockert Emily Walker , Carvalho Brendan , Sun Eric C.
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND:

Operating room (OR) expenditures and waste generation are a priority, with several professional societies recommending the use of reprocessed or reusable equipment where feasible. The aim of this analysis was to compare single-use pulse oximetry sensor stickers (“single-use stickers”) versus reusable pulse oximetry sensor clips (“reusable clips”) in terms of annual cost savings and waste generation across all ORs nationally.

METHODS:

This study did not involve patient data or research on human subjects. As such, it did not meet the requirements for institutional review board approval. An economic model was used to compare the relative costs and waste generation from using single-use stickers versus reusable clips. This model took into account: (1) the relative prices of single-use stickers and reusable clips, (2) the number of surgeries and ORs nationwide, (3) the workload burden of cleaning the reusable clips, and (4) the costs of capital for single-use stickers and reusable clips. In addition, we also estimated differences in waste production based on the raw weight plus unit packaging of single-use stickers and reusable clips that would be disposed of over the course of the year, without any recycling interventions. Estimated savings were rounded to the nearest $0.1 million.

RESULTS:

The national net annual savings of transitioning from single-use stickers to reusable clips in all ORs ranged from $510.5 million (conservative state) to $519.3 million (favorable state). Variability in savings estimates is driven by scenario planning for replacement rate of reusable clips, workload burden of cleaning (ranging from an additional expense of $618k versus a cost savings of $309k), and cost of capital—interest gained on investment of capital that is freed up by the monetary savings of a transition to reusable clips contributes between $541k (low-interest rates of 2.85%) and $1.3 million (high-interest rates of 7.08%). The annual waste that could be diverted from landfill by transitioning to reusable clips was found to be between 587 tons (conservative state) up to 589 tons (favorable state). If institutions need to purchase new vendor monitors or cables to make the transition, that may increase the 1-time capital disbursement.

CONCLUSIONS:

Using reusable clips versus single-use stickers across all ORs nationally would result in appreciable annual cost savings and waste generation reduction impact. As both single-use stickers and reusable clips are equally accurate and reliable, this cost and waste savings could be instituted without a compromise in clinical care.
Who Cares? Unpaid Caregiving by Sexual Identity, Gender, and Partnership Status Among U.S. Adults
Authors: Zhang Zhe (Meredith) , Smith-Johnson Madeline , Gorman Bridget K.
Published: January 2024

Recent scholarship indicates that sexual minority adults have higher caregiving rates than heterosexuals and that women are more likely to be caregivers than men. However, little research has addressed how gender and sexuality intersect in shaping caregiving status. This study uses data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System and aggregates a probability-based sample of adults living in 36 U.S. states between 2015 and 2021. We examine who provides care among adult heterosexual, lesbian, gay, and bisexual men and women. Results reveal that women are more likely to be caregivers than men, but only among heterosexuals. We find little variation in caregiving by sexuality among women, but bisexual men are more likely than heterosexual men to be caregivers; the latter result appears to be driven by unpartnered, bisexual men. Lastly, we contextualize caregivers’ experiences and reveal selected descriptive differences in patterns of care recipient–caregiver relationships across gender and sexual identity groups. Our findings advance understanding of caregiving and changing family ties in an era of population aging and increasing diversity in sexual identities.
Concomitant Traumatic Brain Injury Delays Surgery in Patients With Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Azad Tej D. , Raj Divyaansh , Ran Kathleen R. , Vattipally Vikas N. , Warman Anmol , Raad Micheal , Williams John R. , Lubelski Daniel , Haut Elliott R. , Suarez Jose I. , Bydon Ali , Witham Timothy F. , Witiw Christopher D. , Theodore Nicholas , Byrne James P.
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Growing evidence supports prompt surgical decompression for patients with traumatic spinal cord injury (tSCI). Rates of concomitant tSCI and traumatic brain injury (TBI) range from 10% to 30%. Concomitant TBI may delay tSCI diagnosis and surgical intervention. Little is known about real-world management of this common injury constellation that carries significant clinical consequences. This study aimed to quantify the impact of concomitant TBI on surgical timing in a national cohort of patients with tSCI.

METHODS:

Patient data were obtained from the National Trauma Data Bank (2007-2016). Patients admitted for tSCI and who received surgical intervention were included. Delayed surgical intervention was defined as surgery after 24 hours of admission. Multivariable hierarchical regression models were constructed to measure the risk-adjusted association between concomitant TBI and delayed surgical intervention. Secondary outcome included favorable discharge status.

RESULTS:

We identified 14 964 patients with surgically managed tSCI across 377 North American trauma centers, of whom 2444 (16.3%) had concomitant TBI and 4610 (30.8%) had central cord syndrome (CCS). The median time to surgery was 20.0 hours for patients without concomitant TBI and 24.8 hours for patients with concomitant TBI. Hierarchical regression modeling revealed that concomitant TBI was independently associated with delayed surgery in patients with tSCI (odds ratio [OR], 1.3; 95% CI, 1.1-1.6). Although CCS was associated with delayed surgery (OR, 1.5; 95% CI, 1.4-1.7), we did not observe a significant interaction between concomitant TBI and CCS. In the subset of patients with concomitant tSCI and TBI, patients with severe TBI were significantly more likely to experience a surgical delay than patients with mild TBI (OR, 1.4; 95% CI, 1.0-1.9).

CONCLUSION:

Concomitant TBI delays surgical management for patients with tSCI. This effect is largest for patients with tSCI with severe TBI. These findings should serve to increase awareness of concomitant TBI and tSCI and the likelihood that this may delay time-sensitive surgery.
Elise K. Burton. Genetic Crossroads: The Middle East and the Science of Human Heredity
Authors: Erken Ali
Published: January 2024

Elise K. Burton'ın Genetic Crossroads: The Middle East and the Science of Human Heredity eserinin değerlendirmesi
A hyperspectral index-based approach for in vivo automatic detection of skin tumors from hyperspectral images
Authors: Calin Mihaela Antonina , Manea Dragos , Dumitrescu Andrei , Parasca Sorin Viorel
Published: January 2024

Skin cancer is the most common human malignancy and early diagnosis is important for successful treatment. Hyperspectral imaging provides both spectral and spatial information which may be useful for tumor diagnosis. In the present study, hyperspectral images of 36 skin tumors (seborrheic keratosis, actinic keratosis, basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma) were acquired and analyzed. A skin cancer index was defined taking into account the differences in the angles made by the spectral slopes of the tumors and normal skin and the x axis in the spectral range (580-600) nm (where the differences in spectral signatures proved to be significant). When compared to histopathological diagnosis, the index allowed for differentiation between benign and malignant tumors and even between seborrheic and actinic keratosis or basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. Benign tumors had an index under 0.39999, while basal cell carcinoma ranged between 0.4000-0.59999, and squamous cell carcinoma between 0.6000-06999. In conclusion, the hyperspectral image-based skin tumor index is an objective method of identification and differentiation of skin tumors and may become a useful tool in their early diagnosis
Βιοτεχνολογικά υποβοηθούμενη αναγέννηση περιφερικών νεύρων με τη χρήση βλαστοκυττάρων από λιπώδη ιστό και νευροαγωγών
Authors: Μεγαλοοικονόμος Παναγιώτης
Published: January 2024

Εισαγωγή: Αυτή η μελέτη αξιολόγησε την επίδραση των αδιαφοροποίητων βλαστοκυττάρων από λιπώδη ιστό (ADSCs) στην περιφερική νευρική αναγέννηση. Συγκρίθηκε το κλινικό αποτέλεσμα που προέκυψε μετά τη χρήση αδιαφοροποίητων ADSCs σε συνδυασμό με νευροαγωγούς με εκείνο των νευρικών αυτομοσχευμάτων και εκείνο των απλών νευροαγωγών, σε πειραματικό μοντέλο πλήρους διατομής του ισχιακού νεύρου σε επίμυες. Υλικό & Μέθοδοι: Σαράντα επίμυες Wistar κατανεμήθηκαν εξίσου σε τέσσερις ομάδες. Στην ομάδα ελέγχου (SHAM) το ισχιακό νεύρο παρασκευάστηκε χωρίς να γίνει άλλη παρέμβαση. Στην ομάδα απλών νευροαγωγών (SLN) δημιουργήθηκε ένα νευρικό έλλειμμα 10 χιλ. το οποίο γεφυρώθηκε με αγωγό γέλης ινικής που περιείχε φυσιολογικό ορό. Στην ομάδα των αυτομοσχευμάτων (AUTO) το έλλειμμα του νεύρου δημιουργήθηκε με την αφαίρεση τμήματος 10 χιλ. του ισχιακού νεύρου το οποίο στη συνέχεια χρησιμοποιήθηκε ως ανάστροφο νευρικό μόσχευμα. Στην ομάδα ADSC, αδιαφοροποίητα βλαστοκύτταρα λιπώδους ιστού τοποθετήθηκαν μέσα στον αυλό του νευροαγωγού μετά τη γεφύρωση του ελλείμματος. Η νευρική αναγέννηση αξιολογήθηκε με ανάλυσης βάδισης, ηλεκτρομυογραφία και νευροϊστομορφομετρία. Αποτελέσματα: Τα κλινικά και μικροσκοπικά ευρήματα της μελέτης έδειξαν ότι νευρική αναγέννηση επιτεύχθηκε σε όλες τις ομάδες 12 εβδομάδες μετεγχειρητικά. Η ανάλυση βάδισης έδειξε καλύτερη λειτουργική αποκατάσταση στις ομάδες AUTO και ADSC, αλλά δεν υπήρχε διαφορά μεταξύ τους. Η ανάκτηση της λειτουργίας του πάσχοντος μέλους επιτεύχθηκε επίσης στην ομάδα SLN αλλά με όχι τόσο ικανοποιητικό αποτέλεσμα (P<0,05). Η ηλεκτρομυογραφία έδειξε ανώτερη αναγέννηση των νεύρων στις ομάδες AUTO και ADSC σε σύγκριση με την ομάδα SLN (P<0,05), χωρίς ουσιαστική διαφορά μεταξύ των δύο πρώτων ομάδων. Ομοίως, η ιστολογική εξέταση έδειξε ανώτερα αποτελέσματα στις ομάδων AUTO και ADSC, χωρίς ουσιαστική διαφορά μεταξύ τους, αλλά πολύ καλύτερη απόδοση από την ομάδα SLN (P<0,001). Δεν παρατηρήθηκαν επιπλοκές σε καμία ομάδα της μελέτης. Συμπέρασμα: Επιτυχής περιφερική νευρική αναγέννηση μπορεί να επιτευχθεί με τη γεφύρωση νευρικού ελλείμματος 10 χιλ με νευροαγωγούς. Ανώτερη νευρική αναγέννηση αναμένεται όταν στους αγωγούς προστεθούν αδιαφοροποίητα βλαστοκύτταρα λιπώδους ιστού. Ομοίως καλά αποτελέσματα μπορούν να επιτευχθούν μετά τη γεφύρωση του ελλείμματος με νευρικά αυτομοσχεύματα.
Socio-Psychological Features of Intrapersonal Conflicts
Authors: Romanova A. , Rybakova A. , Belyakova Natalya
Published: January 2024

The category of intrapersonal conflicts combines psychological conflicts, consisting in the collision of various personal formations, represented in the mind of a person by corresponding experiences. The conflict, which manifests itself in local, private forms, performs a complex diverse load, both positive and negative, precisely at the level of intrapersonal manifestation. One of the causes of intrapersonal conflict can be considered a high level of subjective control over emotionally positive events and situations, on the one hand, and the inability to achieve the desired level, on the other.
Microvascular angina – an abstruse path to diagnose and to treat – a review of literature
Authors: Matuszewska Urszula , Nykowska Aleksandra , Beutler Katarzyna , Bijata Bartosz , Burek Dawid , Paszkowska Aleksandra , Kujawa Aleksandra
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Chronic coronary syndrome is predominantly related to the atherosclerotic obstruction of the coronary artery or arteries. However, this phenomenon is not the only causative factor in this disease. It is usually forgotten, that there is a possibility of ischemia of the cardiac muscle with no obstruction found in the main vessel. The trigger of such pathology might be underlying in the microcirculatory system and the inappropriate dilation or constriction of those small vessels, which results in insufficient blood supply to the cardiomyocytes, similarly to the typical obstructive coronary artery disease. In this article we are willing to show that such dysfunction poses a great danger to the health and life and therefore we should be able to properly diagnose and treat it.

Purpose of the work: The aim of this review of up-to-date literature is to raise awareness among both doctors and patients about the phenomenon of coronary artery disease but with no significant obstruction in the vessels supplying the cardiac muscle. The common cause of such condition is coronary microvascular dysfunction, that leads to a disease called microvascular angina. Our purpose was to reveal, how dangerous to the health of the patients this could be and therefore how essential it is to provide a proper diagnose and management. In addition, we have noticed a need for a summary of what has already been discovered on this topic, available therapeutic methods and future perspectives.
Sobre la prevención de riesgos laborales para las personas trabajadoras al servicio del hogar familiar: algunos cambios recientes y otros todavía pendientes.
Authors: Méndez Úbeda María Cristina
Published: January 2024

En el presente artículo se expondrán las principales novedades normativas que afectan al colectivo de personas trabajadoras al servicio del hogar, y que han incidido en la prevención de riesgos en el trabajo. Desde el año 2022 hasta la fecha actual, han tenido lugar una serie de acontecimientos que han sentado las bases que han influido en algunos cambios normativos de importante calado en relación a la prevención de riesgos laborales para el conjunto de personas empleadas de hogar. La primera de ellas fue la sentencia del Tribunal de Justicia de la Unión Europea de 24 de febrero de 2022 sobre el asunto C-389 que serviría para cambiar algunos aspectos y acabaría afectando de lleno a la Ley de Prevención de Riesgos Laborales (en adelante, LPRL). A raíz de todo ello se establecerán algunas reflexiones sobre el panorama actual del conjunto de personas empleadas domésticas en cuanto al nivel de protección que les ofrece hasta hoy la LPRL.
Case Article—Digitizing Spare Parts Supply Chain via 3D Printing: An Operational Cost Analysis
Authors: Zhang Yue , McCall William , Song Jing-Sheng
Published: January 2024

The case presents a sourcing problem and a manufacturing problem faced by an original equipment manufacturer, seeking recommendations for sourcing a diverse range of parts for high-voltage equipment, as well as making decisions on the manufacturing strategy for a component used in a water monitoring system. The case provides an opportunity to explore the qualitative and quantitative aspects of three-dimensional (3D) printing versus traditional manufacturing, specifically in terms of operational cost. Furthermore, this case facilitates discussions on the potential impact of 3D printing on supply chains. It is suitable for use in graduate and undergraduate courses, as it introduces key concepts such as manufacturing and inventory policies, queueing theory, and life cycle analysis. Ultimately, the case is designed to promote a deeper understanding of the challenges and opportunities that manufacturers face in today’s rapidly evolving technological landscape.

Supplemental Material: The Teaching Note and supplemental data are available at https://www.informs.org/Publications/Subscribe/Access-Restricted-Materials .
Use of a collagen-elastin matrix with split-thickness skin graft for defect coverage in complex wounds
Authors: Alawi Seyed Arash , Taqatqeh Feras , Matschke Jan , Bota Olimpiu , Dragu Adrian
Published: January 2024

Objective:

Severe soft tissue damage with destruction of the dermis requires plastic reconstructive treatment. For multimorbid patients or patients unable to undergo major reconstructive surgery, use of dermal substitutes, such as a collagen-elastin matrix (CEM) with a split-thickness skin graft (STSG), instead of local or free flap surgery, may be a valid and easy treatment option. We aimed to investigate and compare the outcomes and rate of successful defect reconstruction using CEM plus STSG, using either a one-step approach (simultaneous CEM and STSG) or a two-step approach (CEM and negative wound pressure therapy (NPWT), with secondary STSG transplantation).

Method:

A single-centre, retrospective follow-up study of patients who had received CEM was conducted. Wounds had been treated with an STSG transplantation covering a CEM (MatriDerm, MedSkin Solutions Dr. Suwelack AG, Germany). Previous attempts at wound closure with conventional methods had failed in the selected patient population, which would usually have resulted in flap surgery.

Results:

Overall, 46 patients were included (mean age 60.9±20.0 years), with a total of 49 wound sites. We analysed 38 patients with wounds that did not require flap coverage; 18 patients received the one-step approach and 20 patients received the two-step approach. The mean follow-up in these patients was 22±11.5 months, and one patient was lost to follow-up. Overall, 29 (78.4%) wounds remained closed. Wounds which did not successfully heal were related to comorbidities, such as diabetes, alcohol misuse and smoking. Using the one-step approach, long-term defect coverage was achieved in 13 (76.5%) wounds and 16 (80.0%) wounds were closed using the two-step approach. However, there was no statistically significant differences between the one- or two-step approaches regarding the rate of development of a wound healing disorder.

Conclusion:

Wound closure was achieved in 38 complex wounds using CEM plus STSG, while 11 wounds needed secondary flap coverage. In the flap-free wounds, there were no statistically significant differences between the one-step versus two-step approach. Using a simple defect reconstruction algorithm, we successfully used CEM plus STSG to treat complex wounds.
Minimizing the least eigenvalue of unbalanced signed unicyclic graphs with given girth or pendant vertices
Authors: Yan Minghui , Li Dan , Wang Yongang , Meng Jixiang
Published: January 2024

A signed graph $\Gamma=(G,\sigma)$ consists of an underlying graph $G=(V,E)$ with a sign function $\sigma:E\rightarrow\{1,-1\}$. Let $A(\Gamma)$ be the adjacency matrix of $\Gamma$. Let $\lambda_1(A(\Gamma))\geq\lambda_2(A(\Gamma))\geq\cdots\geq\lambda_n(A(\Gamma))$ be the spectrum of the signed graph $\Gamma$, where $\lambda_n(A(\Gamma))$ is the least eigenvalue of $\Gamma$. Let $\mathcal{U}^-_{n,g,k}$ denote the set of all the unbalanced signed unicyclic graphs with order $n$, girth $g$ and $k$ pendant vertices, let $\mathcal{U}^-_n(k)$ denote the set of all the unbalanced signed unicyclic graphs with $n$ vertices and $k$ pendant vertices, and let $\mathcal{U}^-_{n,g}$ denote the set of all the unbalanced signed unicyclic graphs with order $n$ and girth $g$. Obviously, $\mathcal{U}^-_n(k)=\bigcup\limits_{g=3}^{n-k}\mathcal{U}^-_{n,g,k}$ and $\mathcal{U}^-_{n,g}=\bigcup\limits_{k=0}^{n-g}\mathcal{U}^-_{n,g,k}$. In this paper, we determine the signed unicyclic graphs whose least eigenvalues are minimal among all the graphs in $\mathcal{U}^-_{n,g,k}$, $\mathcal{U}^-_n(k)$ and $\mathcal{U}^-_{n,g}$, respectively.
Making ends meet: revisiting the consensual income approach to measuring poverty
Authors: Saunders Peter , Wong Melissa
Published: January 2024

Conventional (income-based) poverty measures have been criticised for being narrowly focused and failing to provide evidence that those identified as poor have an unacceptable standard of living. The consensual approach to deprivation addresses both weaknesses by drawing on community perceptions of what items are essential for all and establishing that those who do not have them cannot afford them. In contrast, the consensual income approach maintains the role of income as a key determinant of poverty but uses community perceptions of how much is needed to make ends meet to set a poverty line. Although perceptions vary widely, it is possible to estimate the income level at which people with that income would say that their current income is just enough to make ends meet. This article re-examines this approach drawing on recent developments in poverty research and using new data for Australia. The consensual poverty lines produced are shown to have similarities with those used in existing poverty studies, but also to exhibit important differences. An overlap measure is developed that includes those in consensual poverty who also indicate that their current income is not enough for them to make ends meet. The poverty rates produced by this overlap measure is shown to align with those based on the 50 per cent of median-income OECD equivalised poverty line used in most Australian studies. It is argued that the consensual income approach has the potential to advance our understanding of poverty beyond that provided by conventional income-based measures.
Insanae matronae: les dones troianes a l'Eneida de Virgili (5.604‐679)
Authors: Martin Guerra Silvia
Published: January 2024

El treball explora el tema de les “dones subversives” a la literatura llatina a través de l’anàlisid’un passatge de l’Eneida de Virgili, concretament, els versos 604‐679 del llibre cinquè. Aquestepisodi ens descriu com les matrones troianes, encoratjades per la deessa Juno, cremen les nausper impedir que Enees compleixi amb el seu destí. Es tracta d’un passatge que potser ha passatmés desapercebut en el conjunt general del poema de Virgili, però que presta a interpretacions ianàlisis interessants. El projecte consisteix en la traducció del text i en un comentari crític. Totseguit, s’analitza el context i altres referents de matrones que, “embogides”, resulten ser perillosesper l’ordre social masculí romà.
Rodríguez Rosique, S. y Cifuentes Honrubia, J.L. (eds.) (2022), Configuración informativa y estructuración lingüística: Evidencialidad, intersubjetividad y miratividad. Madrid, Iberoamericana
Authors: Torres Julio
Published: January 2024

El libro titulado Configuración informativa y estructuración lingüística. Evidencialidad, intersubjetividad y miratividad, publicado en 2022 por la editorial Iberoamericana Vervuert, recoge los resultados de algunas de las investigaciones que se han llevado a cabo recientemente en el marco del proyecto Gestión de la Información y Estructuración Lingüística: Explicaciones y Aplicaciones (gestinf). Susana Rodríguez Rosique y José Luis Cifuentes Honrubia, profesores de la Universidad de Alicante y miembros del grupo de investigación Lexis, son los editores de este volumen monográfico, que aborda el impacto de la configuración informativa en las lenguas y, más concretamente, en las categorías de la evidencialidad, la intersubjetividad y la miratividad. Los diferentes trabajos que se incluyen en este volumen se centran en ciertas construcciones en español y en otras lenguas románicas que están relacionadas con una o varias de estas categorías.
alternancia infinitivo/subjuntivo en las construcciones causativas con verbos de movimiento
Authors: Torres Soler Julio
Published: January 2024

En este artículo se investiga la alternancia entre la construcción causativa de infinitivo (p. ej., El miedo llevó/trajo a los vecinos a huir) y la construcción causativa con una oración subordinada introducida por que con un verbo en modo subjuntivo (p. ej., El miedo llevó/trajo a los vecinos a que huyesen) con los verbos llevar y traer en la historia de la lengua española. Mediante el estudio de un corpus diacrónico (siglos XIII al XX), se analiza, por un lado, la productividad de las dos construcciones y, por otro lado, los factores que rigen su alternancia en las diferentes etapas del idioma. Los resultados ponen de manifiesto la singularidad de las construcciones con verbos de movimiento causado acompañado en el sistema de construcciones causativas del español.
Actituds del personal acadèmic vers la publicació en accés obert : acció i divulgació dirigida per les biblioteques
Authors: Welhouse Zach , Boock Michael
Published: January 2024

Els autors van distribuir una enquesta al personal acadèmic de tots els rangs i a totes les facultats de la Universitat Estatal d'Oregon (OSU, en anglès) per saber fins a quin punt fan la seva investigació disponible de manera oberta en l'actualitat, determinar el seu coneixement de l'accés obert (OA, en anglès), el seu suport a l'OA i les seves preferències per aconseguir-ho. En total, es van recollir 261 enquestes per una taxa de resposta del 10,3 %. La majoria dels professors van demostrar almenys un coneixement introductori de l'OA, de manera que la nostra divulgació posterior es va centrar en temes més matisats com el caràcter monopolístic dels editors acadèmics de referència i com els creixents costos de publicació han interactuat amb els nostres objectius institucionals de sostenibilitat i servei públic. A més, els membres del cos acadèmic tendien a tenir molt clars els valors potencials de l'OA, però pocs tenien coneixement del pressupost de les nostres biblioteques o quina quantitat es dedica als costos de subscripció. La divulgació futura abordarà aquesta bretxa de coneixement amb una explicació més explícita de la nostra realitat operativa.
Del Club dels Novel·listes a la Comissió de les Lletres Catalanes: relació entre escriptors i sindicats durant la «belle époque des songes socialo-communistes»
Authors: Ponsatí-Murlà Oriol
Published: January 2024

Les condicions imposades per la revolució social que esclatà a Catalunya després del 19 de juliol de 1936 obligaren totes les organitzacions de treballadors a adherir-se a un dels dos sindicats majoritaris: la Unió General de Treballadors (UGT) i la Confederació Nacional del Treball (CNT). Tots els oficis que fins aleshores no havien vist la necessitat de sindicar-se, hagueren de crear les estructures mínimes per satisfer la sindicació obligatòria. Aquest era el cas dels escriptors. Entre les últimes setmanes de juliol i les primeres d’agost hi hagué diversos intents de portar a terme aquesta sindicació dels autors literaris, però l’únic d’aquests intents que clarament va reeixir va ser el de l’Agrupació d’Escriptors Catalans (AEC).L’AEC va aprofitar una estructura associativa prèvia, el Club dels Novel·listes, per adaptar-se als nous temps revolucionaris i adherir-se a la UGT. L’encaix d’un col·lectiu com el dels escriptors en una estructura sindical no podia ser senzill. A partir de l’octubre del 1936, el Departament d’Edicions de la Secretaria de Treball Col·lectiu (UGT-CNT) començà a llançar admonicions clares contra l’AEC i a qüestionar alguna de les seves activitats principals. Per sortir d’aquest atzucac, els escriptors iniciaren un viratge d’aproximació ràpida al Departament de Cultura, ja que sol·licitaren al conseller la creació del Comitè d’Edicions Catalanes i el transformaren immediatament en la Comissió de les Lletres Catalanes, preludi de la Institució de les Lletres Catalanes (ILC).
Manuel Sacristán i les traduccions d’intel·lectuals europeus (1965-1975)
Authors: G. Larios Agustí
Published: January 2024

Aquest article se centra en l’estudi de la figura de Manuel Sacristán Luzón (1925-1985), considerat per alguns el pensador espanyol més gran de la segona meitat del segle xx (Jesús Mosterín). Hi ha dues línies preferents d’actuació de Sacristán, interconnectades, que centren l’anàlisi d’aquesta aportació: la tasca d’introductor a les llengües hispàniques d’alguns intel·lectuals marxistes europeus, principalment com a traductor de les seves obres d’assaig, i la seva connexió amb aquests intel·lectuals. Les fonts utilit­zades són les contingudes en el Fons personal de Manuel Sacristán, de la Universitat de Barcelona, així com les bibliogràfiques.
La novel·la costumista del segle xix i la nacionalització dels republicans
Authors: Roca Vernet Jordi
Published: January 2024

Ressenya de

Xavier Andreu, España o la hija de un jornalero. Wenceslao Ayguals deIzco y el primer republicanismo, Madrid, Marcial Pons, 2021.
AI is great, isn’t it? Tone direction and illocutionary force delivery of tag ques-tions in Amazon’s AI NTTS Polly
Authors: Rodríguez Fernández-Peña Alfonso Carlos
Published: January 2024

This work provides a descriptive analysis of the tone direction and its inherent illocutionary force in question tags delivered by Amazon’s neural text-to-speech system Polly. We included three types of tag questions (reverse-polarity tags — both positive and negative —, copy tags and command tags) for which 10 sentences were used as input in each case. The data included 600 utterances produced by British and American English voices currently available on Amazon’s NTTS. The audio files were examined with the speech analysis software Praat to identify the tone pattern for each utterance and confirm the intended illocutionary force. The results show that Amazon’s AI speech synthesis technology is not yet fully reliable and produces a high rate of utterances whose pragmatic load is undesired when using natural spontaneous speech traits as question tags.
Insights on geochemical characteristics, microthermometry of hydrothermal fluids, and sulfur isotope systematics of the Daralu porphyry Cu deposit, SE Iran
Authors: Kahnouj Zahra Jalali , H.Tangestani Majid , Asadi Sina
Published: January 2024

The Miocene Daralu Porphyry Copper Deposits (PCDs) is found associated with other porphyries such as Sarcheshmeh and Meiduk in the Kerman Cenozoic Magmatic Arc (KCMA), southern Iran. In this research, we provided whole-rock geochemical data, characteristics of hydrothermal fluid and sulfur isotope composition of the Daralu intrusive body, and discussed the nature, tectonic setting and fluid evolution of this deposit aiming to investigate its fertility.
The Daralu porphyry shows adakites affinity, that is, high Sr/Y and La/Yb ratios and positive Eu anomalies. The REEs patterns indicate a strong fractionation ([La/Yb]n= 28.73). High La/Sm and Dy/Yb ratios suggest enrichment of amphibole and garnet as residual phases in melt source, whereas partial melting of plagioclase increases Eu and Sr in the parent magma. The presence of garnet implies a pressure equivalent to the thickness of more than 40km of crust.
To elucidate the evolutionary history of fluids and the origin of the Daralu deposit, we focused on the origin and composition of the fluid through petrography, laser Raman, and microthermometry studies of fluid inclusions. The fluid inclusions have been divided into four types: vapor (type I), aqueous-vapor (type II), CO2-bearing (type III), and multiphase (type IV). The Raman shifts included 1284 and 1388 cm−1 for CO2 and 2750–3900 cm−1 for H2O. The events such as NaCl supersaturation, exhausting of CO2-rich components, high oxygen fugacity and temperature decreasing through mineralization stages were critical in controlling the fertility of the Daralu PCD.
The obtained δ34S data for sulfides yielded an average of +5.5‰. Based on the observed features, it was concluded that Daralu porphyry shares formation conditions with other productive porphyries of the KMCA.
Editorial
Authors: Rogowska-Stangret Monika
Published: January 2024

The issue of “Matter. Journal of New Materialist Research” we offer our readers this summer consists of the articles, texts, and reviews that undertake a variety of research topics, methodologies, and approaches within new materialisms. This issue is about putting theory to practice. Through this very gesture the complex and multilayered entanglements and relationalities are revealed. How biology, medical conditions, politics, and economy are in the performative conversations? How an effort to produce knowledge otherwise is permeated with bodily-technology and collective becomings beyond binary logics? How human-non-human encounters challenge the object-subject division? How to look for “queerer forms of intimacy”, create a “community of oddkin”, and “defamiliarize” the apparently familiar? How neuroqueerdiversity is experienced, felt from within, constructed, and performed? How might it guide us into more just human-more-than-human entangled worlds? The authors contributing to this issue are challenging the readers with the above-mentioned questions introducing range of topics and approaches.
Doing infertility: an agential realist approach to the experiences of women with ‘atypical’ development of the reproductive system
Authors: Santos Caynnã
Published: January 2024

The current focus of feminist literature on the workings of new reproductive technologies has overshadowed a conclusion that also follows from approaching questions related to bodily reproductive capacities from a perspective informed by the relational ontologies advocated by feminist new materialisms, namely: like fertility, infertility is not an independent, strictly biological property inscribed a priori in human bodies, but rather consists of a phenomenon performatively enacted through specific material-discursive practices. To further explore this argument, this article proposes a reading of embodied experiences of infertility through Karen Barad’s (2007) agential realism and their theory of posthumanist performativity. The text is structured around excerpts from interviews with women diagnosed as infertile due to Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome. We seek to demonstrate how an ethico-onto-epistemological shift from “things” to material-discursive phenomena opens up important possibilities for developing new understandings of infertility that can overcome the limitations of both traditional biomedical and sociological approaches.
El análisis del discurso y la práctica de la mediación: la noción de marco cognitivo
Authors: Morales López Esperanza
Published: January 2024

La propuesta del presente trabajo es explorar la relación del análisis del discurso con la práctica de la mediación. En concreto, se propone la reflexión sobre los diferentes marcos cognitivos o narrativas activados por los actores sociales implicados en un conflicto sometido a mediación, así como analizar su posterior evolución.
Para ello se describe un caso de conflicto entre la propietaria de una casa y su vecina por la reparación de una pared. El análisis evidencia la incompatibilidad de los marcos iniciales, aspecto que continúa hasta el momento de su resolución en un acto formal de conciliación. La conclusión apunta a la importancia de la reflexión metadiscursiva de los mediadores sobre la mayor o menor incompatibilidad de tales marcos como paso previo para el despliegue de sus estrategias propias.
La relación asistencial en la atención sanitaria a embarazo y parto: aspectos éticos
Authors: Goberna-Tricas Josefina
Published: January 2024

La relación asistencial entre profesional sanitario y paciente deriva del modelo clásico iniciado en la medicina hipocrática. En 1978 se publicó el Informe Belmont, que proponía un método basado en la aceptación de tres principios éticos básicos: a) Respeto por las personas, b) Beneficencia, c) Justicia. Material y Métodos. En este trabajo se presenta una reflexión ética que pretende dar respuesta a la realidad específica de atención a la maternidad en la que se encuentra la especificidad de una atención dirigida a la madre pero que no puede dejar de lado la presencia de un feto que se pretende se convierta en un recién nacido. Resultados. Tras el análisis de la efectiva aplicación de los principios bioéticos, se debate en torno al concepto de «conflicto materno-fetal», presentando el modelo deliberativo de relación sanitaria como opción preferente para el respeto de la autonomía en el ámbito de la atención a la maternidad. Conclusiones. El desarrollo del respeto al principio de autonomía en el seno de una relación asistencial debe privilegiar el diálogo y el respeto al derecho de las mujeres a ejercer su autonomía, entendiendo esta desde la singularidad, la contextualización y el acompañamiento de cada uno de los embarazos y partos.
La maternitat tardana, un fet factible? Anàlisi bibliogràfic des d’una perspectiva mèdica-sanitària
Authors: March Mestres Maria , Navarro Gual Sònia , Partal de la Cruz Marina , Ponce Zamora Waleska , Tarrats Moragues Marta
Published: January 2024

Introducció. La població espanyola ha tendit a l’augment de l’edat mitjana de maternitat durant els últims anys, la gran majoria de les vegades a causa dels estils de vida moderns. Aquest fet va lligat a la disminució de la natalitat, ja que amb l’edat es produeixen canvis en la fisiologia de les dones que dificulten l’embaràs, el qual es veu reflectit en l’augment de tècniques de reproducció assistida. Objectiu. Analitzar les possibles complicacions que poden tenir les dones a l’hora de concebre l’embaràs durant la gestació, el part i el post-part. Metodologia. S’ha realitzat una revisió bibliogràfica dels últims 5 anys a les bases de dades PubMed, sCielo i Medline, i s’han consultat les revistes mèdiques ASRM i Revista Sinergia, el protocol de seguiment de l’embaràs actual de Catalunya i la guia de pràctica clínica sobre l’embaràs del Ministeri de Salut. Resultats. S’han inclòs un total de 6 articles, 4 són articles originals quantitatius i 2 revisions bibliogràfiques. Els resultats obtinguts fan referència als efectes d’una gestació en edat avançada, les tecnologies disponibles per a la reproducció, patologies que poden aparèixer en aquest tipus d’embaràs així com les diferències entre multípares i primípares. Conclusions. Els avenços tecnològics i mèdics permeten concebre l’embaràs a edats avançades amb pocs riscos associats. Manquen estudis sobre l’abordatge infermer, les variables socials i demogràfiques i els aspectes fisiopatològics que intervenen en aquest tipus de gestacions.
Briceño-León, R. y Avila, O. (2023). La gobernanza criminal y el Estado: entre rivalidad y complicidad
Authors: Cruz Picón Pablo Emilio
Published: January 2024

reseña del libro Roberto Briceño-León y Olga Avila (2023). La gobernanza criminal y el Estado: entre rivalidad y complicidad. Caracas: Editorial Alfa, 2023, 220 págs.
Teacher training in intercultural bilingual education in Guatemala: a tool for critical decolonization?
Authors: Cardani Giulia
Published: January 2024

This article offers a critical appraisal of the status of intercultural bilingual education in Guatemala, known as Educación Bilingüe Intercultural (EBI). The new national project of 1985 provided hope that Guatemalan socio-cultural diversity would finally be accepted, fostering the creation of a multicultural and multi-linguistic state. In the education sector, the proposal for a renovated curriculum that included a new EBI model represented the possibility of moving away from an assimilationist and colonial EBI and towards interculturalism. However, little has been done in practice to include indigeneity in mainstream culture and education. A gap persists between the rhetoric of what EBI should represent and what is done in the classroom. In this context, the article explores the role of EBI teacher training programmes and the influence these can have on how EBI is intended and implemented. A small-scale qualitative study analysed how EBI is understood among stakeholders, the impact teachers and their training have on EBI, and EBI’s potential role for social transformation. The study acknowledged long-standing challenges impeding the EBI from encouraging social change and transformative interculturalism. However, it has also revealed the beginning of alternative EBI teacher training approaches that foster curriculum decolonization and respect for different identities.
Desigualdad Digital en el Sistema de Educación Pública: Estudio de Caso Fuera del Área Metropolitana de Costa Rica
Authors: Okot Tom , Zuñiga Castro Mario
Published: January 2024

Esta investigación se enfoca en identificar las consecuencias de la brecha digital en la educación costarricense, principalmente en escuelas fuera del Área Metropolitana, la cuales cuentan con problemas de acceso, adopción y capacitación en comparación con otras áreas. Se determina una muestra de 128 encuestas, las cuales incluyeron un grupo de padres y personal administrativo de una de las instituciones escolares públicas del país, la cual se vio impactada durante la COVID-19, el método de investigación definido para este estudio fue el cualitativo.
La investigación mostró que, del total de entrevistados, un 40% tenía estudios universitarios, de la misma forma que el 44% de los encuestados, de acuerdo con su grado de ingresos, son de bajos recursos, así como un 98% de los accesos a Internet por parte de los estudiantes es desde el hogar. El acceso a Internet se identificó como uno de los mayores problemas durante la pandemia para poder llevar las clases y los trabajos universitarios.
Esta investigación podría potencialmente usarse para comprender cómo la brecha digital impacta diversos sectores de la población e identificar las principales oportunidades para poder garantizar el acceso igualitario de la información y adopción de la tecnología.
La tecnología y el acceso igualitario deben ser como una herramienta holística en la educación; no obstante, esta investigación se centra en un área poco investigada y permite obtener una visión fresca de la información y la problemática asociada.
La Mejora de la Enseñanza Obligatoria con la Aplicación de la Inteligencia Artificial. Principios éticos, Derechos humanos y Legislación necesaria
Authors: Carrión Fité Francisco-Javier
Published: January 2024

En este trabajo quedan patentes los retos a cumplir, tanto a nivel educativo como legislativo, con respeto a los principios éticos que se deben tener en cuenta, en un contexto centrado en el respeto de los derechos humanos, atendiendo a las directrices éticas, de la Comunidad Europea y otros organismos internacionales.
Se indican las recomendaciones de conducta deseable y responsable con el uso de la IA, procurando definir unos conceptos claros que les permitan a los juristas e ingenieros trabajar en sus ámbitos.
La aplicación de la IA en el ámbito de la enseñanza debe tener en cuenta el contexto histórico de la educación en España, se indicaron algunos parámetros de evaluación.
Análisis comparativo de la producción científica jurídica de revistas indexadas en Scopus de Latinoamérica en 2022
Authors: Pezo Jimenez Omar , Alca Gómez Américo , Fura Pongo Diana Rosa
Published: January 2024

Esta investigación tiene por objetivo comparar por países la producción científica jurídica de las revistas indexadas en Scopus en Latinoamérica durante el año 2022. Para realizarlo se utilizó el método descriptivo, transversal y el enfoque mixto a fin de iniciar un análisis teórico del tipo analítico racional sobre la importancia de las revistas indexadas en el derecho, para luego pasar a un estudio empírico con fuente de información secundaria. Se pudo arribar a precisiones como el hecho de que existe una notable diversidad de países en Latinoamérica que han venido gestionando revistas jurídicas indexadas en Scopus como son Brasil, Chile, Colombia, México y Perú. Asimismo, se tiene también un número alto de países que no han venido desarrollando dicha producción, como es el caso de Bolivia, Paraguay, Ecuador, y Uruguay. Además, las revistas jurídicas indexadas en Scopus presentan diferencias significativas en cantidad, puesto a que algunos países cuentan con mayor volumen de publicaciones y, por ende, una mayor presencia en el factor de impacto de referencias.
Ireland’s Foreign Relations in 2022
Authors: McDonagh Kenneth
Published: January 2024

This review examines Ireland’s foreign relations in 2022. As Ireland emerged from the final period of Covid pandemic restrictions it faced an unstable world. Russia’s illegal escalation of its war in Ukraine would be the main focus of Ireland’s engagement with the world. The EU agenda was dominated by the response to the conflict and Ireland demonstrated solidarity with its partners. 2022 was also the second and final year of Ireland’s membership of the UN Security Council and saw Ireland take up the Presidency of the Council of Europe. Relations with the UK were strained by ongoing tensions over the Northern Ireland Protocol, not helped by political instability at Westminster. The review outlines how Ireland managed its foreign relations in this period and concludes by noting some significant deaths during the year.
Optical diffraction tomography for assessing single cell models in angular light scattering
Authors: Dunn Kaitlin J. , Matlock Alex , Funkenbusch George , Yaqoob Zahid , So Peter T. C. , Berger Andrew J.
Published: January 2024

Angularly resolved light scattering (ALS) has become a useful tool for assessing the size and refractive index of biological scatterers at cellular and organelle length scales. Sizing organelle populations with ALS relies on Mie scattering theory models, which require significant assumptions about the object, including spherical scatterers and a homogeneous medium. These assumptions may incur greater error at the single cell level, where there are fewer scatterers to be averaged over. We investigate the validity of these assumptions using 3D refractive index (RI) tomograms measured via optical diffraction tomography (ODT). We compute the angular scattering on digitally manipulated tomograms with increasingly strong model assumptions, including RI-matched immersion media, homogeneous cytosol, and spherical organelles. We also compare the tomogram-computed angular scattering to experimental measurements of angular scattering from the same cells to ensure that the ODT-based approach accurately models angular scattering. We show that enforced RI-matching with the immersion medium and a homogeneous cytosol significantly affects the angular scattering intensity shape, suggesting that these assumptions can reduce the accuracy of size distribution estimates.
Nonlinear refraction and absorption properties of optical materials for high-peak-power long-wave-infrared lasers
Authors: Polyanskiy Mikhail N. , Pogorelsky Igor V. , Babzien Marcus , Vodopyanov Konstantin L. , Palmer Mark A.
Published: January 2024

Optical materials transparent in the CO2 laser wavelength range have been evaluated regarding their suitability for components in ultrashort-pulse (≤ a few ps), high-peak-power (≥ a few TW) long-wave infrared (LWIR) lasers. We provide values for the nonlinear refractive index (n2) for seventeen materials, and onsets for nonlinear absorption for eleven materials. Characterizations were performed using a 2 ps laser pulse at λ=9.2μm. This paper methodically presents the newly acquired data in conjunction with existing literature on linear optical properties, establishing it as a comprehensive reference for designing high-peak-power LWIR laser systems.
Comparative study on metamaterial-based absorbers made of alloys of titanium powders
Authors: Chen Jing , Kupriianov Anton S. , Tuz Vladimir R. , Ivasishin Orest , Han Wei
Published: January 2024

Absorbers are important for many practical applications, from increasing the efficiency of solar cells to aerospace-oriented needs. Among the various types of absorbers, of particular interest are electrically thin absorbers based on metamaterials, suitable for use in harsh environments and being resistant to high temperatures and corrosion. The absorbers made from titanium alloys can satisfy criteria suitable for working in such extreme conditions. The main functional component of metamaterial-based absorbers is an impedance-matching layer that is made of a dense array of conductive patches. In this paper, we propose a comparative study on the absorption performance of structures composed of patches made from titanium alloys fabricated by using different (non-powder and powder) metallurgy methods. The absorber is assumed to operate in the microwave part of the spectrum. We describe in detail techniques used for preparing titanium alloys, manufacturing patches and structures based on them, as well as theoretical and experimental methods involved in characterizing such structures. We show that dense arrays consisting of patches made from titanium alloys produced by powder metallurgy methods can be used to realize efficient impedance matching between a lossy layer and free space, which makes it possible to implement electrically thin absorbers of microwave radiation.