bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Rural and Urban Areas on Time Allocated to Self-Employment: Differences between Men and Women
Authors: Litsardopoulos Nicholas , Saridakis George , Hand Chris
Published: August 2020

This study investigates the association of the rural–urban divide and the time individuals allocate to self-employment. The empirical analysis uses fixed effects modelling on data from the UK Household Longitudinal Survey over the period 2009–2019. The study identifies significant differences in the time men and women allocate to self-employment between rural and urban areas according to their career age group. While men and women tend to allocate more time to selfemployment in their senior career age when residents of urban areas, the time they allocate to self-employment between rural and urban areas in early- and mid-career age differs markedly. More importantly, we find that significant differences exist not only between residents of rural and urban areas, but also between residents of these areas and in-migrants to these areas. We find a significant positive effect on the time senior career age women who migrate to rural areas allocate to self-employment. In contrast, we find that early career men who move from rural to urban areas allocate significantly more time to self-employment. The results reveal the existence of complex dynamics between gender and age, which affect the allocation of time to self-employment between rural and urban areas.
Exploring Vulnerability–Resilience–Livelihood Nexus in the Face of Climate Change: A Multi-Criteria Analysis for Mongla, Bangladesh
Authors: Ha-Mim Nur Mohammad , Hossain Md. Zakir , Rahaman Khan Rubayet , Mallick Bishawjit
Published: August 2020

This article illustrates the critical findings of an empirical investigation of resilience, vulnerability, and livelihood nexus in one of the worst cyclone-affected sub-districts “Mongla” in Bangladesh. Results obtained from the survey conducted in 2018 and 2019 explore the co-existence of climate change vulnerability and resilience at the rural household level. Additionally, the study identifies the role of assets (e.g., land, cash, and livestock) in order to enhance the resilience of poor inhabitants. Quantitative data have been collected using structured and semi-structured interviews. The outcome of the study demonstrates that the relationships between vulnerability and resilience are very complex and exist in the study area. An exciting outcome has revealed that in some places, more vulnerable people exhibit higher resilience capacity and vice versa. Furthermore, this research emphasizes that local livelihood systems may be improved if appropriate policies are considered by local government organizations in collaboration with multiple stakeholders. Consequently, the local citizens have to play their critical role to assist government policies in order to enhance resilience at the community level. Moreover, local residents can have a better understanding of their livelihood issues in the face of climate change.
Repairing Political Trust for Practical Sustainability
Authors: Weymouth Robert , Hartz-Karp Janette , Marinova Dora
Published: August 2020

High levels of trust in government are important in addressing complex issues, including the realization of the mainstream sustainability agenda. However, trust in government has been declining for decades across the western world, undermining legitimacy and hampering policy implementation and planning for long-term sustainability. We hypothesize that an important factor in this decline is citizen disappointment with the current types of public participation in governance and that this could be reversed through a change from informing/consulting to a relationship of partnership. Using case studies from Western Australia, the paper investigates whether an intervention targeted at establishing a partnership relationship through mini-public, deliberative, participatory budgeting would improve trust and help the implementation of sustainability. These results show evidence of improvements in trust and provide conceptual and practical tools for government administrations wishing to close the detrimental trust gap that may hamper the implementation of a sustainability agenda.
Tourist Attraction and Points of Interest (POIs) Using Search Engine Data: Case of Seoul
Authors: Gil Eunbee , Ahn Yongjin , Kwon Youngsang
Published: August 2020

Points of interest (POIs)—areas with a concentration of places that attract people—are important urban planning and tourism policy targets. This study aims to determine the points of interest of urban residents by analyzing big data from search engines to reveal the physical characteristics of POIs. To achieve this, POI data were collected in three city centers in Seoul using a South Korean dominant portal site that includes a search engine. The most popular POIs were determined by using GIS search engine analysis frequency, and correlation and regression analyses were conducted to investigate the relation between POIs and urban elements. The results revealed different POI trends in each city center. While POIs were concentrated in old, narrow streets with small attractions and mixed-use construction near Seoul City Wall (historic downtown district), they also formed around notable architectural landmarks in the newly developed Yeouido and Yeongdeungpo areas. This study found that tourism attraction took different forms in old and new areas, demonstrating that citizens are interested in both historic downtown areas and new areas, as traditional urban theorists suggest. Thus, urban planners and tourism policy makers should consider specific spatial contexts with search engines.
Air Quality Implications of COVID-19 in California
Authors: Pan Shuai , Jung Jia , Li Zitian , Hou Xuewei , Roy Anirban , Choi Yunsoo , Gao H. Oliver
Published: August 2020

The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly affected human health and the economy. The implementation of social distancing practices to combat the virus spread, however, has led to a notable improvement in air quality. This study compared the surface air quality monitoring data from the United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA)’s AirNow network during the period 20 March–5 May in 2020 to those in 2015–2019 from the Air Quality System (AQS) network over the state of California. The results indicated changes in fine particulate matter (PM2.5) of −2.04 ± 1.57 μg m−3 and ozone of −3.07 ± 2.86 ppb. If the air quality improvements persist over a year, it could potentially lead to 3970–8900 prevented premature deaths annually (note: the estimates of prevented premature deaths have large uncertainties). Public transit demand showed dramatic declines (~80%). The pandemic provides an opportunity to exhibit how substantially human behavior could impact on air quality. To address both the pandemic and climate change issues, better strategies are needed to affect behavior, such as ensuring safer shared mobility, the higher adoption of telecommuting, automation in the freight sector, and cleaner energy transition.
Two Toxic Lipid Aldehydes, 4-hydroxy-2-hexenal (4-HHE) and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE), Accumulate in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Soulage Christophe O. , Pelletier Caroline C. , Florens Nans , Lemoine Sandrine , Dubourg Laurence , Juillard Laurent , Guebre-Egziabher Fitsum
Published: September 2020

Lipid aldehydes originating from the peroxidation of n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids are increased in hemodialysis (HD) patients, a process already known to promote oxidative stress. However, data are lacking for patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) before the initiation of HD. We prospectively evaluated the changes of plasma concentrations of two major lipid aldehydes, 4-HHE and 4-HNE, according to the decrease of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in 40 CKD and 13 non-CKD participants. GFR was measured by inulin or iohexol clearance. Thus, 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE) and 4-hydroxy-2-hexenal (4-HHE) were quantitated in plasma by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry and their covalent adducts on proteins were quantified by immunoblotting. On the one hand, 4-HHE plasma concentration increased from CKD stage I–II to CKD stage IV–V compared to non-CKD patients (4.5-fold higher in CKD IV–V, p < 0.005). On the other hand, 4-HNE concentration only increased in CKD stage IV–V patients (6.2-fold, p < 0.005). The amount of covalent adducts of 4-HHE on plasma protein was 9.5-fold higher in CKD patients than in controls (p < 0.005), while no difference was observed for 4-HNE protein adducts. Plasma concentrations of 4-HNE and 4-HHE are increased in CKD IV–V patients before the initiation of hemodialysis.
Multiharmonic Resonance Control Testing of an Internally Resonant Structure
Authors: Shaw Alexander D. , Hill Thomas L. , Neild Simon A. , Friswell Michael I.
Published: September 2020

The experimental characterisation of a nonlinear structure is a challenging process, particularly for multiple degree of freedom and continuous structures. Despite attracting much attention from academia, there is much work needed to create processes that can achieve characterisation in timescales suitable for industry, and a key to this is the design of the testing procedure itself. This work proposes a passive testing method that seeks a desired degree of resonance between forcing and response. In this manner, the process automatically seeks data that reveals greater detail of the underlying nonlinear normal modes than a traditional stepped sine method. Furthermore, the method can target multiple harmonics of the fundamental forcing frequency, and is therefore suitable for structures with complex modal interactions. The method is presented with some experimental examples, using a structure with a 3:1 internal resonance.
Drinking Water Source Protection for Surface Water Abstractions: An Overview of the Group Water Scheme Sector in the Republic of Ireland
Authors: Rolston Alec , Linnane Suzanne
Published: August 2020

Source protection is part of a multi-solution approach for the provision of safe drinking water. In the Republic of Ireland, community-led Group Water Schemes (GWS) provide treated drinking water to approximately 69,000 rural households. Between 2009 and 2019, preliminary source protection assessments were undertaken for 70 GWS abstracting from surface water sources to provide physical catchment characterisation and untreated and treated water quality analysis. Catchment areas upstream of abstraction points varied in size, with 51.5% being less than 5 km2 and only 10.7% being larger than 100 km2. The majority (91%) of assessed GWS serve a population of less than 3000 people, and 94% supply less than 1500 m3 per day. Exceedances of the EU Drinking Water Regulations were recorded for 27 parameters, with the greatest number of exceedances due to total trihalomethanes followed by microbial contamination. The most frequent recommendation for improving GWS drinking water quality was associated with managing livestock access to local water bodies. Improving stakeholder engagement represented 38% of all recommendations made. Drinking water source protection measures and catchment-scale actions can be an additional model to assist in the delivery of Integrated Catchment Management and river basin management planning in the Republic of Ireland. For the GWS sector, challenges lie in securing resources to improve both source water and drinking water quality to deliver integrated catchment management plans for source protection.
Productive traits of marals of Tenginsky breed type of Altai-Sayan breed
Authors: Tishkova E. , Kostomakhin N.
Published: September 2020

One of the main tasks of the development of the national economics of the Altai Republic is a rapid and signifi cant rise in animal husbandry, both in terms of increasing the number of all animal species, and in terms of increasing the productivity of maral breeding. New methods, new breeds, and highly productive types and lines are needed to solve these complex problems. Any breed is characterized by the unique gene pool and is the result of a long, purposeful and hard work. The scientists had the task of breeding and researching a breed type of maral of Altai-Sayan breed, which is common in some regions of the Republic. The object of the research was marals of the breed type has been bred in the APC BF “Tenginsky”, which were distributed both in the Republic of Altai and in other regions of the Russian Federation. In the sharply continental environments of the highlands animals have been bred that are characterized by a large live weight, high antler productivity and reproductive traits. With regard to the typicality and technological properties of antlers, marals in the APC BF “Tenginsky” occupy the first place in the production of antler products and breeding young animals. A complex evaluation of the method for the distinctiveness, uniformity and stability of breed type of marals has shown that the antler productivity of Tenginsky type antlers has higher indicators not only relative to the marals of neighboring farms, but also higher than the average indicators of the AltaiSayan breed by 30 %. Adult Siberian stags of Tenginsky type have live weight in the range 270–350 kg. Marals of the tengin type belong to large deer with a height of 150–165 cm at the withers. The horns of marals of the Tenginsky type are large in size and have 6–7 appendages. A distinctive feature of the main array of antlers in the Tenginsky type of antlers is the presence of short, but thick in girth trunks. The antler productivity of individual Siberian stags reaches 19,0–23,6 kg of raw antlers. The bred type includes high-class animals (91,6 % elite and class I), which annually produce more than 5,5 t of antlers and at least 350 breeding calves.
The growth and development of heifers of Alatau breed at different technologies of rearing
Authors: Abugaliev S. , Bupebaeva L. , Baybatyrova M. , Matkerimov N. , Matkerimova K.
Published: September 2020

At the present stage of economic development of the Republic of Kazakhstan dairy cattle breeding should be competitive, highly productive and cost-effective, which contributes to ensuring the country’s independence from imports of dairy products. The formation of milk productivity of future cows begins with the preparation of cows for calving and the purposeful rearing of replacement young cattle, based on the achievements of scientific and technical progress, a systematic approach to the production of high-quality products. The researches have been carried out in the farm “Tauelsizdik” in the Eskeldinsky district in the Almaty region in the Republic of Kazakhstan. According to the results of the research, the average daily gain of live weight in 3 months of the post-embryonic period was 458,9±71,9 g in heifers have reared in narrow-sized pens, and 682,2±44,6 g in heifers have reared in group pens. At 3 months of age the live weight of heifers at rearing in narrow-sized pens has reached 76,5±2,5 kg in narrow-sized pens, and 98,3±1,7 kg in group pens (P < 0,001). The data of the experiment have convincingly shown the effectiveness of rearing heifers in group pens. The live weight of heifers at birth was 36,4±1,1 kg, at one month of age – 54,2±1,6 kg, at 2 months of age the live weight increased to 70,2±2,1 kg, at 3 months of age to 87,4±3,3 kg, at 4 months of age to 116,8±3,5 kg, at 5 months of age to 132,7±4,2 kg and at 6 months of age to 157,4±4,6 kg. The indices of lengthiness, chest, hip-chest and blockiness increased up with age, while the indices of high-leg and overgrown decreased down. For example, the lengthiness index has increased with age from 90 to 97 %, the chest index from 62 to 70, and the high-leg index has decreased from 59 to 54, overgrowth from 109 to 108 %.
Characteristics of allele pool of cattle of simmental breed in Kazakhstan
Authors: Karymsakov T.
Published: September 2020

One of the key aspects of studying of new breeds, types and lines of farm animals is to evoluation the state of their allele pool by using DNA markers. At the same time, it should be noted that a significant contribution to the characteristic of allelic diversity of breeds is made by regional populations, the formation of which in most cases took place on the basis of local cattle, which are carriers of their own unique allele pool. It is known that studies on microsatellites make it possible to determine the genetic diversity within and between breeds, and the average number of alleles, observed and expected heterozygosity, allow us to calculate the genetic parameters of populations and evaluate their diversity. The purpose of the research was to study the features of the allele pool of a new intra-breed type Ertis of Red-and-White dairy cattle in the Simmental breed. The sampling of biological materials has been carried out according to generally accepted methods. Genotyping has been performed with a set of StockMarks Cattle at 12 loci. Identification of amplification products has been performed on the abi Prism 310 genetic analyzer (Applied Biosystems, USA) using capillary electrophoresis. Decoding of the obtained graphical results has been carried out in the program GeneMapper 4,0. The results of researches on the genetic structure of the studied population of cattle have been reflected in the article. It has been found that there are 65 alleles in 12 loci of the microsatellite, of which 7 alleles with a frequency of occurrence of ≤1 % have been identified. The most informative loci were TGLA227, TGLA122, ETH3, and TGLA53. The average level of expected heterozygosity was 0,68, with random inbreeding – 0,0488. Studies of the genetic profile of the new intra-breed type of dairy cattle Ertis allowed us to establish the wide variety of allele pool in it, and the small number of rare alleles allocated gives grounds for the possibility of determining this population as an independent structural unit in Simmental breed.
Indicators of metabolism and biochemical status of blood in horses of Yakut breed in winter and spring seasons
Authors: Khompodoeva U. , Ivanov R.
Published: September 2020

The results of researches on the peculiarities of metabolism in the body of horses of Yakut breed in the winter and spring periods under the environments of Central Yakutia have been presented in the article. Physiological experiments on the digestibility of the main nutrients of the feed have been carried out in the winter (February) and spring (April) periods under the environments of the physiological yard in the Yakutsk Scientific and Research Institute of Agriculture named after M. G. Safronov with using the classical method. Five mares and five geldings of Yakut breed have been selected for researches. The average live weight of mares was 378–410 kg, geldings 394–403 kg. The experimental animals had average fatness. It has been found a higher intake of energy and the main nutrients of hay as a mono feed in winter compared to the spring period. At the same time pregnant mares in winter have been consumed 103,8±3,12 MJ of metabolic energy per head/day, which was 27,3 % significantly higher than in the spring period – 75,4±2,18 MJ (P ≥ 0,999). Geldings have been consumed in the experiment 67,70±2,85 MJ, which was by 43,7 % higher than in the spring period – 38,05 ± 4,40 MJ of metabolic energy per head/day (P ≥ 0,999). Experimental animals have been housed in stalls; there was no energy expenditure for movement, so the amount of energy consumed in winter indicates the production of heat in the animal’s body. Pregnant mares per 100 kg of live weight have consumed 31,5±4,11 MJ of metabolic energy or 33,3 % more than in the spring period – 21,0±1,98 MJ; geldings have consumed 27,69±1,12, which was 41,78 % significantly higher than in the spring – 16,12 ± 0,75 MJ (P ≥ 0,999). The high intake of metabolic energy into the body of Yakut horses in winter is explained by the manifestation of adaptive mechanisms that affect the effective metabolism for survival, adapted to frequent changes in weather conditions and sharp temperature changes. The established differences in the biochemical parameters of blood serum of horses of Yakut breed are associated with changes in the consumption and digestibility of basic nutrients and energy, depending on the ambient temperature.
Small Bowel Perforation Associated With Gastrointestinal Graft-Versus-Host Disease and Cytomegalovirus Enteritis in a Patient With Leukemia: A Case Report With Literature Review
Authors: Song Kwang-Seop , Kim Min Jung , Lim Han-Ki , Hong Yoon Hwa , Park Sung Sil , Hong Chang Won , Park Sung Chan , Sohn Dae Kyung , Han Kyung Su , Oh Jae Hwan
Published: September 2020

Gastrointestinal graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a common complication after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Concomitant cytomegalovirus (CMV) enteritis worsens the prognosis of this condition. We report a case of small bowel perforation associated with gastrointestinal GVHD and CMV enteritis in a patient with leukemia who was successfully treated surgically. A 39-year-old man presented with intestinal perforation necessitating emergency surgical intervention. He was diagnosed with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and developed severe gastrointestinal GVHD and CMV enteritis after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. His terminal ileum showed a perforation with diffuse wall thinning, and petechiae were observed over long segments of the distal ileum and the proximal colon. Small bowel segmental resection and a subtotal colectomy with a double-barreled ileocolostomy were performed. The patient recovered uneventfully after the operation. Based on reports described in the literature, surgery plays a minor role in the management of gastrointestinal GVHD; however, timely surgical intervention could be effective in selected patients.
Biodegradation of total petroleum hydrocarbons in contaminated soils using indigenous bacterial consortium
Authors: Basim Yalda , Mohebali Ghasemali , Jorfi Sahand , Nabizadeh Ramin , Ahmadi Moghadam Mehdi , Ghadiri Ata , Jaafarzadeh Haghighi Fard Nematollah
Published: August 2020

Background: Biodegradation of hydrocarbon compounds is a great environmental concern due to their toxic nature and ubiquitous occurrence. In this study, biodegradation potential of oily soils was investigated in an oil field using indigenous bacterial consortium. Methods: The bacterial strains present in the contaminated and non-contaminated soils were identified via DNA extraction using 16S rDNA gene sequencing during six months. Furthermore, total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) were removed from oil-contaminated soils. The TPH values were determined using a gas chromatograph equipped with a flame ionization detector (GC-FID). Results: The bacterial consortium identified in oil-contaminated soils (case) belonged to the families Halomonadaceae (91.5%) and Bacillaceae (8.5%), which was significantly different from those identified in non-contaminated soils (control) belonging to the families Enterobacteriaceae (84.6%), Paenibacillaceae (6%), and Bacillaceae (9.4%). It was revealed that the diversity of bacterial strains was less in oil-contaminated soils and varied significantly between case and control samples. Indigenous bacterial consortium was used in oil-contaminated soils without need for amplification of heterogeneous bacteria and the results showed that the identified bacterial strains could be introduced as a sufficient consortium for biodegradation of oil-contaminated soils with similar texture, which is one of the innovative aspects of this research. Conclusion: An oil-contaminated soil sample with TPH concentration of 1640 mg/kg was subjected to bioremediation during 6 months using indigenous bacterial consortium and a TPH removal efficiency of 28.1% was obtained.
The Prognostic Factors Affecting the Survival of Kurdistan Province COVID-19 Patients: A Cross-sectional Study From February to May 2020
Authors: Zandkarimi Eghbal , Moradi Ghobad , Mohsenpour Behzad
Published: August 2020

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a new viral disease and in a short period of time, the world has been affected in various economic, social, and health aspects. This disease has a high rate of transmission and mortality. The aim of this study is to investigate the factors affecting the survival of COVID-19 patients in Kurdistan province. Methods: In this retrospective study, the data including demographic features and the patient’s clinical background in terms of co-morbidities such as diabetes, cancer, chronic lung disease (CLD), coronary heart disease (CHD), chronic kidney disease (CKD) and weak immune system (WIS) were extracted from electronic medical records. We use Cox’s regression proportional hazard (PH) to model. Results: In this study, out of 1831 patients, 1019 were males (55.7%) and 812 were females (44.3%) with an average age of 52.74 ± 22.16 years. For survival analysis, data from people infected with COVID-19 who died or were still being treated were used. According to Cox’s regression analysis, age variables (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.03, CI: 1.02-1.04), patients with a history of diabetes (HR: 2.16, CI: 1.38-3.38), cancer (HR: 3.57, CI: 1.82-7.02), CLD (HR: 2.21, CI: 1.22-4) and CHD (HR: 2.20, CI: 1.57-3.09) were significant and affected the hazard of death in patients with COVID-19 and assuming that the other variables in the model are constant, the hazard of death increases by 3% by increasing one unit (year), and the hazard of death in COVID-19 patients with CHD, diabetes, cancer, CLD is 2.16, 3.57, 2.2 and 2.21, respectively. Conclusion: According to findings, it is necessary to evaluate the prevalence of COVID-19 in patients with CLD, diabetes, cancer, CHD, and elder, as patients with these characteristics may face a greater risk of death. Therefore, we suggest that elders and people with those underlying illnesses need to be under active surveillance and screened frequently.
The World Health Organization, Corporate Power, and the Prevention and Management of Conflicts of Interest in Nutrition Policy Comment on "Towards Preventing and Managing Conflict of Interest in Nutrition Policy? An Analysis of Submissions to a Consultation on a Draft WHO Tool"
Authors: Fooks Gary Jonas , Godziewski Charlotte
Published: August 2020

The World Health Organization’s (WHO’s) draft Decision-Making Process and Tool to assist governments in preventing and managing conflicts of interest in nutrition policy marks a step-change in WHO thinking on large corporations and nutrition policy. If followed closely it stands to revolutionise business-government relations in nutrition policy. Ralston and colleagues outline how the food and beverage industry have argued against the decision-making tool. This commentary expands on their study by setting industry framing within a broader analysis of corporate power and explores the challenges in managing industry influence in nutrition policy. The commentary examines how the food and beverage industry’s collaboration and partnership agenda seeks to shape how policy problems and solutions are interpreted and acted on and explores how this agenda and their efforts to define conflicts of interest effectively represent non-policy programmes. More generally, we point to the difficulties that member states will face in adopting the tool and highlight the importance of considering the central role of transnational food and beverage companies in contemporary economies to managing their influence in nutrition policy.
Estudio comparativo de la aplicación de los 10 principios de la mejora de la Calidad de Joseph M. Juran en Estadías de TSU de la UTNA
Authors: Vázquez-Gutiérrez Rosa Inés
Published: September 2020

This document shows a shared study of the application of the 10 principles of Joseph M. Juran in Stays of Higher University Technician of the Universidad de Tecnologica del Norte de Aguascalientes The objective of this study is to investigate what are the aspects that our students currently apply in the resolution of industrial problems according to the theory of Joseph M. Juran explained in the 10 principles to implement the improvement that the stipulation.
Seguridad e Higiene en las empresas de la Zona Norte del Estado de Guerrero
Authors: MANUEL-REGINO Fernando , MARCHÁN-LÁZARO Rosalía , BÁRCENAS-NAVA Ma. de los Ángeles , TRUJILLO-BELTRÁN Elisa , MONTES-CARMONA Sandra Guadalupe
Published: September 2020

Every Physical or Moral Person that develops a business, Services or Industrial activity is obliged to comply with legal provisions in matters of Safety and Hygiene with its workers, which guarantees at all times the health, well-being and preservation of human life, in order to prevent accidents, occupational hazards and occupational diseases that may occur during and after your workday. The objective of the present investigation is to make a diagnosis of the companies of the North Zone of the State of Guerrero, that when hiring workers comply with the labor and social security laws in their organizations (Office, workshops, production area, machines, with In order to avoid the payment of fines and sanctions by the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare and constituent capital by Social Security, we thank the Technological National of Mexico campus, Instituto Tecnológico de Iguala, for the financial support and facilities for the completion of this Research.
Effects of environmentally friendly degumming methods on some surface
properties, physical performances and dyeing behaviour of silk fabrics
Authors: TOPRAK TUBA , AKGUN MINE , ANIS PERVIN
Published: September 2020

In this paper, the effect of degumming processes on the physical performance, surface properties and colour
coordinates of silk fabrics at high temperature and enzymatically, which was developed as an alternative to conventional
method, has been investigated. Degummed silk fabrics were compared in terms of weight loss, bending length, tear and
breaking strength, surface roughness and friction coefficient. After these tests, acid dyeing was performed to observe
different degumming methods effect on dyeing behaviour of degummed silk fabric. The colour coordinates were
evaluated by L*, a*, b*, C*, h0, K/S, and ∆E* values. The results revealed that despite insignificant differences between
conventional and alternative methods in terms of physical performance and surface properties, the conventional method
gave slightly better results than the others. There were no significant differences in colour depth between the two
processes. These reasons showed that the alternative method could be used instead of the traditional method and a
more sustainable process has been designed
Investigation of the comfort properties of traditional woven fabrics with
different structural parameters
Authors: AKGUN MINE , KARAKAN GUNAYDIN GIZEM , GÜRARDA AYÇA , ÇEVEN ERHAN KENAN
Published: September 2020

Turkish traditional Buldan weavings are known as special fabrics in terms of providing comfortable clothes which are
known to be natural and healthy in Denizli, Turkey. The research presented in this paper assesses the effects of different
fabric structural parameters of Buldan fabrics on comfort properties such as thermal resistance, thermal absorptivity,
water vapour permeability and air permeability. Five different Buldan fabrics woven with different fabric structural
parameters were produced. According to test results, cotton/Tencel Buldan fabrics indicated similar comfort properties
with the 100% cotton Buldan fabric properties. Additionally, the lowest thermal absorptivity was observed from 100%
cotton Buldan fabrics which give the warmth feeling among the evaluated samples.
Hybrid materials based on ZnO and SiO2 nanoparticles as hydrophobic
coatings for textiles
Authors: CHIRILA LAURA , CINTEZA LUDMILA OTILIA , TANASE MARIA , RADULESCU DIANA ELENA , RADULESCU DENISA MARIA , STANCULESCU IOANA RODICA
Published: September 2020

This study presents a strategy to obtain textile materials with hydrophobic/oleophobic effect by applying hybrid coatings
based on a mixture of flower-like ZnO nanoparticles and organically modified SiO2 nanoparticles (ORMOSIL). The
obtained dispersions based on both types of nanoparticles are stable, with unimodal distribution of smaller quasi
spherical shape and average size of 158 nm for SiO2 nanoparticles and respectively, with bimodal distribution with a
broad distribution of particle size and average size of 144 nm and 435 nm for ZnO flower-like nanoparticles. The
ZnO/SiO2 NPs based dispersions were then applied on 100% cotton fabrics on a laboratory scale by padding method
in two successive phases. The functionalized cotton fabrics were evaluated in terms of surface morphology changes,
whiteness degree and water and oils repellent properties. The developed textile materials exhibited a low wetting
capacity, with high values of water absorption time (>15 minutes) and a water-repellent degree of 75 (AATCC photographic scale) and 2.5 respectively (ISO scale) showing an acceptable hydrophobic effect. The functionalization
treatment based on mixture of ZnO/SiO2 nanoparticles led to obtaining an efficient cotton substrate for the rejection and
protection against the oily substances which exhibit an oil repellency degree of 6. Also, the functionalization treatments
did not significantly change the surface morphology of the fibres, suggesting that the bulk properties of the cotton fibres
remained undamaged.
Comparative assessment of dexterity tests results using two internationally
recognized scales in patients with cerebral palsy, users of medical textiles
Authors: SPOREA CORINA , FLORESCU MARGARETA STELA , FERECHIDE DUMITRU , CRISTESCU IOAN
Published: September 2020

The recent studies report an increase in the percentage of newborns diagnosed with cerebral palsy (CP) in industrialized
countries due to the increased survival rate of infants with low birth weight. The assessment of the upper limb motor
function and manual skills are important steps in achieving a suitable multi-modal therapeutical plan, aiming at gaining
functional independence and early integration into society. The study seeks to identify how the motor deficiency present
at the level of the upper limbs influences the manual skills of CP patients reflected in daily activities (Activities of Daily
Living – ADL) and using medical textiles. 35 patients diagnosed with CP were assessed during hospitalization using, for
the comparative reflection of ADL dexterity assessment results, at the same patient, quantified, the Action Research Arm
Test (ARAT) scale and ABILHAND-Kids. A highly significant correlation was found, the ABILHAND-Kids score being
moderately correlated with the ARAT score, obtained in the upper limb with more deficient functionality (0.578) and
respectively with better functionality (0.570). The assessment of the child suffering of CP, using the ABILHAND-Kids
questionnaire and the ARAT test provides to the rehabilitation team useful information, with the benefit of complementarity for the elaboration, based on several correlated elements, of the case management plan and methodology. Proper
treatment, instituted early, can have a favorable influence on the social integration of these people. A remarkable
contribution has been made by the textile domain which, through its sustained concerns regarding the research and
development of biotechnologies and biomaterials, proves its permanent concern in supporting and integrating these
people.
Victoria Ocampo y Virginia Woolf: escritura autobiográfica, encuentros y lecturas
Authors:   , Chikiar Bauer Irene Ruth
Published: September 2020

Comprender en profundidad la obra de algunos escritores posibilita una aproximación comparatística, sin la cual no se podría analizarlos en su verdadera dimensión y complejidad. Cuando estos análisis implican el estudio de tradiciones ajenas a las del autor o autora en cuestión y “operan, por tanto, a través de las barreras linguísticas” (Prawer, 1998: 23), nos introducimos en el dominio clásico de la literatura comparada. Dado que Victoria Ocampo, singular personalidad de la cultura argentina del siglo XX, fue simultáneamente escritora, editora, traductora y mecenas, consideramos que una aproximación comparatística otorgaría una nueva dimensión a su obra. Luego de su muerte, acaecida en 1979, la editorial Sur, por ella fundada, comenzó a publicar los seis tomos de su Autobiografía, que figuraron entre los libros más vendidos de entonces (los tres primeros volúmenes se agotaron rápidamente). Poco después, su vida, su obra, y, específicamente, su autobiografía y los diez tomos que reunieron sus Testimonios comenzaron a ser analizados profusamente. Sin embargo, salvo excepciones, no se trata de estudios comparativos. Esto llama la atención, ya que entendemos que, en su caso, se hace necesario este enfoque entendido incluso desde una perspectiva tradicional. Perspectiva basada en el estudio del contacto literario entre autores, descripto en términos de influencias, y poniendo énfasis en este tipo de relaciones, lo que Romero López caracteriza como el “antiguo paradigma en literatura comparada” (1998: 14). La encendida admiración de Victoria Ocampo por la obra y personalidad de Virginia Woolf, y las numerosas ocasiones en las que escribió sobre ella nos plantearon la necesidad de estudiar en profundidad esta relación, no ya desde un aspecto estrictamente personal, sino abordando los textos de ambas escritoras.
Sanitary and Epidemiologic Wellbeing and Health of School Children in Modern Conditions
Authors: Perekusihin MV , Vasilev VV , Ryabinina TV , Vasilev EV
Published: September 2020

Introduction: Inadequate physical activity, eating disorders, irrational factors of the educational environment
and a poor motivation for a healthy lifestyle are often observed among youngsters and act as their health risk factors. At
the present stage, they hamper ensuring optimal living conditions and achieving better health of schoolchildren and require
a new approach to solving the tasks. The objective of the study was to assess provision of sanitary and epidemiologic
wellbeing at schools and health of schoolchildren to substantiate priorities for management decision making. Materials
and methods: The study was conducted in two comprehensive schools of the city of Penza and involved 2,672 children
and 720 parents. We used sanitary, hygienic, physiological, sociological, and statistical methods of research. Results: The
level of sanitary and epidemiologic wellbeing in the experimental school with an up-to-date model of hygienic education
and development of a healthy lifestyle integrated in the educational process where students have the opportunity to
receive health-improving and rehabilitation medical care, was significantly higher than in the control one. Introduction
of the new model of upbringing and functioning of the department for disease prevention and rehabilitation contributed
to an increase in students’ motivation for a healthy lifestyle and skill consolidation in the behavior of youngsters as
confirmed by a larger proportion of such students in the experimental school compared with the control one (75–89%
against 50–74%, respectively; p < 0.001). Conclusion: Implementation of management decisions including the upgrade of
the system of hygiene education, creation of a healthy lifestyle of students, and organization of the department for disease
prevention and rehabilitation on the basis of the educational establishment had a positive effect on students’ health.
Hygienic Assessment of New Forms of Organizing Studies in a Medical Pre-University
Authors: Kuchma VR , Makarova AYu , Tikashkina OV
Published: September 2020

Background: Transition to machine learning, personalized medicine, and high-tech healthcare requires up-todate
medical personnel. The higher medical school is transforming the system of training specialists using modern digital
technologies and is starting education in the associated pre-universities, thus necessitating research into effects of current
technologies on the functional state of high school students. Materials and methods: In April 2019, based on voluntary
informed consent, we examined 181 healthy Moscow medical pre-university students (15–17 years of age) and assessed
the impact of learning on the central nervous system, musculoskeletal system, and visual analyzer. Results: Traditional
lessons in the pre-university are combined with project activities and development of practical skills. Phantom and simulation
technologies along with modular construction of the curriculum are used to form practical knowledge and skills.
The study load of 38–40 hours a week exceeds hygienic standards. Individual project activities in small groups (up to five
students) with teachers last 20 hours a week. Simulation classes are held once a week after the main classes and last 90
minutes with a 5-minute break. Classes using simulation technologies are not always hygienically rational. Study loads,
specifics of the timetable and teaching techniques approximated to university ones are adequate to functional capabilities
of the body of medical pre-university students. Simulation classes cause no pronounced deviations in the neuromuscular
apparatus of students. Most students demonstrate high stress tolerance and a greater motivational readiness for simulation
exercises. Emotional tension and high anxiety rates are almost similar during traditional lessons and simulation
activities on phantoms. Conclusions: It is advisable to make wider use of modern digital (simulation, phantom, virtual)
and design and research teaching technologies including in medical classes of educational institutions.
HISTORICAL MEMORY AND ETHNICITY IN THE URBAN ARCHITECTURAL ENVIRONMENT AS A FACTOR OF SOCIAL IDENTITY CONSTRUCTION IN THE CAPITALS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION REPUBLICS ON THE EXAMPLE OF IZHEVSK AND SARANSK
Authors: Bogatova O.A. , Guseva E.N.
Published: September 2020

The article analyzes the social practices of memorization and ethnicization in the process of post-Soviet transformation of the architectural landscape of the capitals of the Finno-Ugric republics, by the republican elites with the aim of constructing a stable regional identity of the capital’s population on the example of the Republic of Mordovia and the Udmurt Republic. The purpose of the study is to identify the basic social technologies for using the cultural and symbolic aspects of the urban architectural environment, including the historical and cultural heritage, and the newly created elements for the purpose of “memorial management” and to give ethnic flavor, the trends in their evolution and the main results of using such technologies in the post-Soviet period. Based on the data of standardized observation, the intensity of the concentration of ethnicization of the urban architectural environment is compared, the main places of concentration of signs of ethnicity and historical memory in the urban space of Izhevsk and Saransk, common features, strategic features, results and limitations in the research perspective of sociological concepts of identity politics, historical politics, city sociology, public spaces, “places” and “non-places” are identified. The main verbal (language of signs, slogans), monumental (sculpture, commemorative signs, architectural decoration of buildings, stairs, fountains, etc.), visual (social advertising, ethnic symbols in illuminations, holiday decoration of buildings) means of ethnicization of urban environment design are described, as well as architectural images that indicate alternative ethnic strategies for the formation of the capital’s identity. The general trends and problems associated with the redevelopment of the urban environment and the transformation of “arrogant” Soviet public spaces into places of recreation and communication are revealed. Among the limitations of the effectiveness of the historical policy and the policy of ethnicization of urban spaces, the author considers the conscious implementation of alternative strategies for the formation of urban identity by various social actors, the binding of iconic architectural objects to “empty” pseudo-public spaces or sports facilities that are not “anchor” objects, the creation of symbolic transit spaces in the status of “non-places”, the visual ethnic specificity of which is not available to those who use them.
POLITICS OF HISTORICAL MEMORY IN MODERN POLAND
Authors: Bulakhtin M.A.
Published: September 2020

The research investigates different approaches to the policy of historical memory in Poland nowadays. The main focus of the paper is the policy of Law and Justice party that represents a conservative wing in Polish politics. The party gave a response to the activities of those historians, political writers and other thinkers who called to explore and openly discuss the shameful pages of Poland’s history, and to strive for its objective assessment in the name of truth, the triumph of universal moral values, as well as for the purpose of learning lessons from the mistakes of the past. Conservatives reproach their opponents for creating a negative image of Polish history, exaggerating facts that make Poles ashamed of their history and instill a complex of guilt and inferiority for the whole nation. The leaders of Law and Justice party believe that historical policy should strengthen the Polish state and promote a positive image of the national history. They want Polish society to pay more attention to the historical episodes that cause a sense of national pride. Conservatives consider it an important task to preserve the historical memory of the victims and suffering of the Polish people, especially in the twentieth century. They pay great attention to the disclosure of activities of state security agencies during the times of the People's Republic of Poland and struggle against all symbols of Poland’s communistic past. The Law and Justice party attaches special importance to the glorification of the heroes of the national liberation movement and to the fighters against the Communist regime in post-war Poland. Conservatives believe that these people should embody the morale of the Polish nation and serve as an example for present and future generations.
A magyar királyi honvéd Ludovika Akadémia parancsnokai (1919–1945)
Authors: Szakály Sándor
Published: September 2020

Az önálló magyar (honvéd) tisztképzés a 19. század eleji, majd közepi próbálkozások után ténylegesen 1872-ben vette kezdetét. Színtere évtizedeken keresztül a magyar királyi honvéd Ludovika Akadémia volt, amely fennállása alatt sok ezer honvédtisztet adott Magyarországnak. A trianoni békeszerződés erősen korlátozta a Magyar Királyság szuverenitását, amely az önálló magyar haderő létszámára és fegyverzetére vonatkozóan is jelentős megkötéseket tartalmazott. Ugyanez volt érvényes a tisztképzésre is. A Magyar Királyságnak gyakorlatilag egyetlen tisztképző intézménye maradt: a magyar királyi honvéd Ludovika Akadémia.Egy-egy katonai tanintézet – nevelő- és/vagy képzőintézet – teljesítménye, az ott folyó oktató-nevelő munka nagyban függ az adott intézmény mindenkori parancsnokának személyétől és a tanári kar „minőségétől”. A két világháború közötti időszakban a magyar királyi honvéd Ludovika Akadémiának nyolc parancsnoka volt, akiknek a katonai életútját viszonylag kevesen ismerik, és működésükkel kapcsolatban is számos kérdés merülhet fel. Ez az írás arra keresi – és talán meg is adja – a választ, hogy ki is volt az a nyolc katonai vezető, akik mintegy huszonöt éven át, 1919 és 1945 között irányították az intézményt.
A hibrid konfliktusok felívelési szakasza, avagy a fenyegetés észlelésének, megelőzésének és kezelésének nemzetbiztonsági aspektusai
Authors: Hódos László
Published: September 2020

A hibrid fenyegetések az állam működéséhez elengedhetetlen funkciókat támadják a célországban. Az egyre intenzívebb és kiterjedtebb műveletek körülményeinek vizsgálata úgy tűnik leginkább eredményesnek, ha ezeket a nemzetközi együttműködésben és a jogalkotásban rejlő lehetőségekre figyelemmel végezzük el.