bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Condensed state physics in biology: Liquid crystal - semiconductor system
Authors: Denisova Olga , Abramishvili Yaroslava
Published: October 2024

The possibility of application of condensed state physics methods for the study of biological objects is considered. The object of use is a cell with a liquid crystal as a model of a biological system - a living cell. The system of liquid crystal - semiconductor was experimentally investigated by methods of modulation spectroscopy. By determining the value of electric reflection, it is possible to judge about the state of surface polarization of liquid crystal. Exposure to an electric field changes the energy of the semiconductor’s zone structure, which leads to changes in the optical properties of both crystals. To investigate the optical modulation changes in our case, we used the method with the use of electrolyte KOH, which allowed us to measure the modulation of the spatial charge. The study of thin layers (up to 120 μm) of various nematic liquid crystals has shown that at values of electric fields comparable to the Fredericks transition threshold, the orientation angle of liquid crystal molecules changes due to the interaction of surface polarization with the external field, and an odd electro-optic effect is observed. If the value of the electric field is much larger than the threshold of the Fredericks transition, the electric moment, which depends nonlinearly on the field, predominates and leads to an even electro-optic effect. The results of the study are proposed to be used for the development of new drugs and materials with specified parameters for medicine.
Toxicological characteristics of a combined pyrethroid preparation
Authors: Rakhmatullin Emil , Kadikov Ilnur , Zaynullin Lenar , Sagdeev Danil , Kurshakova Ekaterina , Mukhammadiev Rinat , Mukhammadiev Rishat , Galyautdinova Gulnara , Vafin Iskander
Published: October 2024

The article presents the toxicological characteristics of the combined drug Neostomosan, intended for the possibility of combating ectoparasites of farm animals in livestock buildings. It was found that the studied pyrethroid drug belongs to low-hazard agents. When administered intragastrically to laboratory mice, LD50 of Neostomosan was 11,500 mg/kg. When applied locally to the skin of animals, LD50 of the drug exceeded 10,000 mg/kg. The cumulation coefficient of Neostomosan was 10. A single treatment of calves with 0.3% of the drug did not cause toxicosis. After application of Neostomosan in this concentration, a reliable decrease in glucose levels on the 1st and 30th days, an increase in alanine aminotransferase activity on the 5th and 15th days, and a decrease in cholinesterase activity on the 15th day were noted in the blood of calves. The studied preparation did not cause any changes in the internal organs of the calves.
Development of the technology of obtaining wine dye from dark varieties of grape
Authors: Muminov Najmiddin , Odinayev Mirzamad , Оdilova Mohigul , Khayrullayev Nurbek
Published: October 2024

This article provides information on the properties and use of natural and synthetic dyes. The importance and prospects of obtaining a food coloring agent from red grape pomace varieties, after processing them for grape juice and wines, are substantiated. Based on numerous studies and experiments, an innovative method for the production of anthocyanin dye from secondary raw materials of winemaking has been developed. The technology consists of two main stages, the first of which is the pretreatment of grape pomace in order to prepare for the extraction process, the second stage is the extraction of natural food coloring agent. The organoleptic and physico-chemical parameters of the obtained sample of the enokrasitel are given. Based on the results of the analysis and research, recommendations and suggestions for the use of dyes have been prepared.
Lifetime estimation of meat qualities in selection of sheep curds
Authors: Orozbayev Bolotbek , Turdubaev Taalaibek , Bekturov Amantur , Altybay Uulu Baatyrbek , Chortonbaev Tyrgoot
Published: October 2024

Creation of types, lines and families within the breed, which differ from each other by the degree of expression of the most important breeding traits, in sheep breeding allows to evaluate meat qualities. From a practical point of view it is very important to identify animals of desirable type at an earlier age. Body weight at birth is an important trait of sheep and is largely determined by heredity. As a rule, breeding evaluation of sheep is carried out at 1.5 - 1 year of age. In those farms, where part of the young stock is sold for meat at the age of up to a year, animals valuable in breeding respect can be slaughtered. In this connection, in this paper the meat qualities of turkey sheep are evaluated, the relationship of measurements with live and slaughter weight, carcass weight, and correlation coefficients are calculated.
Condition of the initial population of black - breed cattle
Authors: Primbetova Lyazzat , Bekturov Amantur , Kadyrova Chinara , Turdubaev Taalaibek , Chortonbaev Tyrgoot
Published: October 2024

Intensification of dairy cattle breeding in the conditions of sharply continental climate of Chui valley should be realized by increasing milk productivity of animals. High milk productivity of animals, achieved already at the first lactations, negatively affects the reproductive system of the organism. In turn, deterioration of reproductive health of cows caused by increased milk productivity cannot but affect the quality of offspring.
Influence of economic use duration on milk yield with intensive heifer milking
Authors: Primbetova Lyazzat , Bekturov Amantur , Turdubaev Taalaibek , Kadyrova Chinara , Chortonbaev Tyrgoot
Published: October 2024

In the study the influence of milking intensity of first heifers on milk productivity of cows of black-spring breed on the example of dairy farm in Chui valley was studied. A sample of 100 first-calf Holstein heifers was formed, which were given different amounts of feeding and milking in the first lactation. The results showed that cows with milk yields between 3001 and 4000 kg of milk in the first lactation had the best milk yield and length of utilization. The study emphasizes the importance of optimal management of milking and feeding to improve production efficiency in dairy cattle breeding.
Functional redundancy of air exchange processes in technological premises for poultry keeping
Authors: Rotova Victoria , Asmankin Evgeny , Ushakov Yuriy , Ivanov Pavel , Neufeld Elena , Rezanov Aleksandr
Published: October 2024

The article focuses on the problem associated with emergency power outages at poultry farms. Poultry farming is one of the key branches of agriculture underlying the implementation of the country’s food security doctrine. The trouble-free operation of the technological equipment of poultry workshops is an important and essential condition for improving the productivity and health of poultry. The article presents a method for calculating the multiplicity of air exchange, which makes it possible to determine the optimal parameters of natural ventilation to stabilize microclimatic conditions in a poultry shop in the event of an emergency in the power supply system. The analysis of infrared thermography of the poultry housing confirms the presence of thermally stressed zones and the unevenness of their distribution, which is a prerequisite for creating a model for leveling temperature fields to a physiologically comfortable level for poultry. The article proposes to consider the issue of introducing refrigeration units into the production cycle as a method of solving the issue of livestock safety if it is necessary to transfer the ventilation system to a free-convection mode. The arguments put forward in the article are focused on the impossibility of the bird’s vital activity during the transitional and warm periods, even with a short-term shutdown of the ventilation system. The creation of a temperature difference will provide a backup air exchange for the period of repair work. The analysis of electricity consumption at a poultry enterprise by month allows us to put forward a proposal to redistribute part of it to the cold storage process. The preliminary calculations carried out confirm the sufficiency of the part of the electricity allocated for the implementation of air-conditioned air exchange, with the “tunnel” type ventilation used.
Morphological and biochemical blood parameters of newborn calves
Authors: Smolentsev Sergey , Ovchinnikova Olesya , Gracheva Olga , Gasanov Alizade , Mukhutdinova Dina , Amirov Damir , Shorkina Olga , Maksimova Elena , Berestov Dmitry , Merzlyakova Elena , Khamitova Liliya , Chirkova Anastasia , Petrov Dmitry
Published: October 2024

The purpose of these studies was to determine the possibility of the effect of Polyoxidonium on the accumulation of immunoglobulins and other immunogenic factors in the mammary gland of cows before calving, their isolation in colostrum, as well as the influence of these factors on the state of colostral immunity and the formation of nonspecific resistance in calves after drinking such colostrum. An increase in the number of erythrocytes, leukocytes, due to lymphocytes was noted; the level of total protein, especially the fractions of albumins and γ-globulins, was higher; as well as the hemoglobin level 6 hours after birth in experienced calves compared to control ones.
Comparative characteristics of metabolism in stress-sensitive and stress-resistant broiler chickens
Authors: Smolentsev Sergey , Holodova Lyudmila , Rozhentsov Alexey , Bryukhacheva Snezhana , Belyakova Kseniya , Gracheva Olga , Gasanov Alizade , Medetkhanov Fazil , Mukhutdinova Dina , Tamimdarov Bulat , Isupova Nadezhda , Milaev Vyacheslav
Published: October 2024

The metabolic processes in ISA F 15 cross broiler chickens with different stress sensitivity in industrial technology have characteristic differences. The content of total protein in the blood serum of stress-sensitive poultry is 3.46% higher, β-lipoproteins - 8.8; glucose - 8.3; alkaline phosphatase activity - 42.6% higher than in stress-resistant chickens; total lipids (2.83 g/l) and inorganic phosphorus (2.6 mmol/l) are set at the same level Cholesterol is 11.5% higher; alkaline reserve is 14.5% higher in stress-resistant than in stress-sensitive birds.
Analysis of the effectiveness of treatment of acute postpartum endometritis in cows
Authors: Holodova Lyudmila , Rozhentsov Alexey , Galimzyanov Ilsur , Yusupov Samat , Valiullina Daniya , Churina Zoya , Shamsutdinova Nazhiya , Khamitova Liliya , Knyazeva Maria , Metlyakova Anastasia , Ilyina Anastasia , Petrov Dmitry , Ilyin Evgeny
Published: October 2024

The aim of the study is to study the effectiveness of the traditional treatment regimen for acute postpartum endometritis in cows on a farm. The study was conducted in the dairy industry. The object of the study was cows of a red-mottled breed. A retrospective analysis of the spread of obstetric and gynecological diseases in cows was carried out. It was found that endometritis is most common – in 72.1–77.9% of the total number of sick animals. The dynamics of the incidence of cows with acute postpartum endometritis was studied, which amounted to: in 2019 – 16.4%, in 2020 – 15.3% of calved cows. To identify the therapeutic effectiveness of the traditional endometritis treatment regimen, a group of seven cows with signs of catarrhal purulent endometritis was formed. The therapeutic effectiveness of the traditional treatment regimen for acute endometritis in young cows with a single application ensures the clinical recovery of animals in 85.7% of cases. However, 28.6% of treated cows subsequently had a subclinical form of endometritis, which reduces the effectiveness of the applied scheme to 57.1% and contributes to a 7.7% prolongation of service life.
Ecological culture issues in the context of environmental education
Authors: Mikhaylova Alla , Kurbangalieva Julia , Lobach Svetlana
Published: October 2024

The task of students’ ecological culture formation and finding effective ways to develop persons’ liable attitude to the ecological issues and eco-friendly processes is becoming more urgent in modern conditions. The article is aimed at ecopsychological study of person’s ecological culture components in the process of professional becoming. The research tasks are: to make a theoretical analysis of ecological culture issues in the context of environmental education; to conduct ecopsychological study of ecological culture components; to develop a methodological recommendations dealing with given problems. To evaluate the main components of ecological culture, the methodology for studying environmental consciousness was used, proposed by scientists V.I. Panov, M.O. Mdivani, E.V. Lidskaya and Sh.R. Khisambeev (subtests “Assessment of environmental threats”, “Environmental responsibility” and “Unity with nature” and “Situations”). The value-normative method of G.E. Zalessky as a way of involving subjects in life situations by systematically changing the conditions of the same task was applied. The study provides recommendations for developing ecological culture. In conclusion, methods of environmental education and eco-psychological interaction are described.
Development of the technological entrepreneurship ecosystem through the implementation the “Startup as a Diploma” program
Authors: Abdrakhmanova Anastasiya , Pisariuk Svetlana , Voronina Raisa
Published: October 2024

The evolution of an entrepreneurial ecosystem is intricately linked to the broader tapestry of ecological and biological diversity. As we cultivate innovations to address economic challenges, we must parallel these efforts with a commitment to sustainability. Youth entrepreneurship serves as a vital component of this ecosystem, not only fostering economic resilience through job creation but also promoting practices that respect ecological balance. The “Startup as a Diploma” initiative at Sevastopol State University exemplifies this dual approach by integrating entrepreneurial thinking with ecological awareness. This program encourages students to develop business models that prioritize biodiversity, ensuring that technological advancements harmonize with environmental stewardship. By nurturing these competencies, we can enrich both the entrepreneurial landscape and the ecological framework, facilitating a thriving, sustainable future.
Organic agriculture: Problems and prospects of development
Authors: Klychova Guzaliya , Zakirova Alsou , Sharapova Valentina , Ovchinnikova Maria , Matveeva Svetlana , Khayrullin Adel
Published: October 2024

The global market of organic agriculture products shows a steady growth over the past 20 years. In the course of the analysis it was found that Russia, with a resource base, sustainable rural development, the presence of a system of legal and government regulation, has great potential and prospects to become one of the prominent players in this market. The authors have conducted a statistical analysis of market growth prospects based on the growth period from 2012 to 2022, using correlation analysis with peak smoothing using the Deductor software product. It is revealed that, all other things being equal, without external changes (increase in investment, number of manufacturers, etc.) the market has outlined a downward trend. This is due to a rather small number of certified manufacturers. With such a small number of certified producers, the market cannot show sustainable growth and enter the international economic arena. In addition, investment injections are needed, not only from private investors, but also from the state, as well as the application of various measures to stimulate market growth. The main difficulties, peculiarities and trends in the development of the Russian organics market to achieve a sustainable domestic market and export development are presented. On the basis of the study formulated measures of state support necessary for the development of organic agriculture production in Russia.
Information system of crops effective cultivation planning on an individual homestead plot
Authors: Kulibaba Irina , Goncharov Dmitrii
Published: October 2024

Achieving high crop yields requires a strict execution of works, the composition of which is determined by numerous factors. Such factors include, for example, the geographical location of the land plot, its size, climatic conditions, characteristics of the growing plants, composition of the topsoil, etc. The creation of a software product that allows monitoring the current state of the plot and the growing crops, as well as the processes of crop rotation and the co-location of plants that positively influence each other during their growth and development, makes it possible to increase yields and preserve the fertile soil layer. This substantiates the relevance of the work. The paper develops and describes the main functional possibilities of the information system, which provides effective realization of the above processes.
Regional and analytical aspects of innovation processes in the livestock industry
Authors: Ostaev Gamlet , Klychova Guzaliya , Valiev Ayrat , Zakirova Alsou , Karagodin Dmitry , Tsyguleva Maria
Published: October 2024

The aim of the study is to systematize the problems of innovation and technological development of livestock breeding in the region and to determine the guidelines for the development of biological and information technologies, which involves updating the organizational and economic mechanism of agricultural production management and obtaining new competitive products. In the course of the study, the indicators of innovative development of the industry in the Orenburg region were analyzed on the basis of the data of the Territorial Service of State Statistics. In the article the authors summarized the materials of the modern innovative development of the livestock industry in the region and revealed that in recent years there have been positive shifts in the size of investments and costs for research and development of agrarian science in the industry. The study identified the factors that hinder the innovative development of the agro-industrial complex of the Orenburg region. The deficit of own sources of working capital formation was and remains the main problem of aging means of production. The existing level of state support allowed agricultural organizations in the region to increase the average annual level of profitability, but it is important to implement modern science-based systems of innovative transformation of the industry with the transition to a new technological way of life with minimal dependence on the impact of external climatic and biological factors.
Green bond market in Kazakhstan: Problems and prospects
Authors: Bertaeva Kulyash , Onaltaev Darhan , Bakhyt Yerik , Kozhakhmetova Maral , Mukhametzhanova Zhadyra
Published: October 2024

JSC “Entrepreneurship Development Fund “Damu” with the support of the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) for the first time in Kazakhstan placed “green” bonds in the IFCA trading system in August 2020. The issue was a debut: previously, Kazakh issuers did not issue green bonds. The authors of this research paper made an attempt to understand the relevance of this event, how the placement of “green” bonds will affect the economy of Kazakhstan, what are the prospects of these debt instruments.ьIt should be noted that “green” bonds were immediately sold out, whether this indicates the popularity and profitability of these debt instruments in Kazakhstan, because the Kazakh stock market itself is not so well developed. On the other hand, green bonds do not differ much from ordinary debt instruments in terms of yield and terms of issue. What makes them special is the purpose for which they are issued - to attract financing for “green” investment projects related, for example, to renewable energy, energy efficiency, environmentally friendly transportation, etc.
Penitentiary liability for environmental crimes
Authors: Gordopolov A.N. , Zinin G.Yu. , Pratsko G.S. , Sokolova E.A.
Published: October 2024

Speaking about the social importance of preventing crimes in the field of the environment, it is worth noting the danger of consequences caused by these acts. The planned course of the policy of humanization of criminal law has an ambiguous effect on the reduction of environmental crimes. As a result, in places of deprivation of liberty there are persons convicted (including for environmental crimes) in respect of which cases of acquiring the status of a persistent violator of the sentence serving regime are not excluded. The article discusses the problems of changing the legal status of those convicted of environmental crimes. A structural, retrospective and comparative legal analysis of the concept of «malicious violator» in the legislation is carried out. The study analyzes the points of view of scientists who determine the legal personality of a convicted person for environmental crimes. On their basis, the goals and objectives are synthesized to establish the doctrinal positions of the legal personality of malicious violators of the penitentiary regime, their features and specific features are given. In particular, the issues of the emergence of their legal capacity, capacity to act and «delictual capacity» are disclosed. Summarizing the discussion conducted in the study, the authors cite their own concept of a malicious penitentiary violator, highlighting the special legal status of a convicted person for crimes in the field of ecology.
Prévention des risques infectieux en ODF. Mise au point : les erreurs et fautes à ne pas commettre
Authors: Le Gall Michel , Charavet Carole , Philip-Alliez Camille
Published: October 2024

Depuis plusieurs années, nous assistons à une redistribution des pathologies infectieuses, dominée par la recrudescence ou l’apparition de nouvelles maladies virales, associée à un véritable bouleversement des données épidémiologiques. De plus, l’épisode pandémique de 2020 est toujours dans nos mémoires. Il est important de savoir que tout contact avec un liquide biologique contaminé peut être une source d’infection. La salive contient diverses bactéries pathogènes et virus, y compris ceux responsable du SIDA, de l’hépatite et de la grippe. Bien que l’orthodontiste ne pratique généralement pas d’actes sanglants, la salive reste potentiellement infectieuse et la gencive, lorsqu’elle est enflammée, peut saigner spontanément ou à la suite de notre intervention. Sans dévoiler ou spolier le futur rapport de la commission des stérilisations et de prévention de l’Association Dentaire Française (ADF) dirigé par le Dr Philippe Rocher, nous allons dans ce propos nous focaliser sur les erreurs et fautes à ne pas commettre dans notre exercice quotidien.
Prophylaxie et Orthodontie : zoom sur l’espace interdentaire
Authors: Bourgeois Denis , Mazur Marta
Published: October 2024

L’espace interdentaire constitue une niche écologique unique propice à l’accumulation de biofilm dysbiotique. Chez les adolescents et jeunes adultes, ces espaces abritent des bactéries pathogènes parodontales. L’ anatomie de l’embrasure interdentaire de type I, observée à ces âges, empêche l’accès des dispositifs de nettoyage traditionnels que sont les brosses à dents et les bains de bouche. De même, les bagues et fils orthodontiques peuvent compliquer l’accès aux espaces en impactant l’inflammation et l’hyperplasie des papilles.

Le traitement orthodontique modifie la position des dents et, par conséquent, les espaces interdentaires. Cette dynamique nécessite une adaptation continue des dispositifs de nettoyage. Les brossettes interdentaires calibrées permettent une désorganisation du biofilm sur l’intégralité des surfaces dentaires et gingivales et sont adaptées aux variations anatomiques induites par le traitement.

En conclusion, une hygiène interdentaire adaptée, supervisée et enseignée par des professionnels de santé – orthodontiste et omnipraticien-, est impérative pour prévenir les déséquilibres microbiens, faciliter la cicatrisation et la régénération des tissus gingivaux et osseux, minimiser les complications des traitements orthodontiques pouvant influencer la durée et l’efficacité de la prise en charge. Adaptées aux besoins spécifiques des patients, les brossettes représentent une technique efficace pour réguler la symbiose du microbiote certes, pendant le traitement orthodontique, mais également tout au long de la vie.
Refus de soin, opposition aux soins dans la vieillesse : entre affirmation de son désir et équivalent suicidaire
Authors: Talpin Jean-Marc
Published: October 2024

En appui sur différentes observations cliniques, le refus de soin par le sujet âgé est interrogé dans plusieurs dimensions : relationnelle, psychopathologique, éthique. Ceci permet de penser une clinique complexe, qui est interrogée du point de vue intrapsychique individuelle, mais aussi, en tension, du point de vue de la relation avec la famille, les professionnels, en prenant en compte le type de réponse de ceux-ci.
Évaluation de la capacité de discernement de patients âgés demandant l’assistance au suicide. Premiers enseignements d’une expérience genevoise
Authors: Fredouille Jérôme
Published: October 2024

Nos fonctions de psychiatre responsable de la liaison psychiatrique en gériatrie nous conduisent à devoir évaluer la capacité de discernement de patients âgés demandant l’assistance au suicide. Les enseignements de cette activité sont de plusieurs ordres. Tout d’abord, il est utile de posséder un canevas de questions permettant de guider la pensée. Il sera tout aussi nécessaire de s’enquérir des événements de vie du patient afin de mieux distinguer ce qui relève d’un désordre psychique corrigeable de ce qui s’inscrit dans l’histoire du sujet. Apparaitront ainsi plus clairement : les mouvements ambivalents du sujet à l’égard de la mort, l’épineuse question de la dépendance et son rapport étroit à l’enfance du sujet, la thématique du respect de la dignité, plutôt avancée par les proches et les équipes en écho au socius que par les patients, l’étonnante question financière, et enfin ce climat d’urgence à « trouver une solution » qui succède à la paralysie des soins entrepris. Un dispositif d’évaluation devrait, à notre sens, être constitué d’un binôme de médecins et bénéficier d’un espace de supervision permettant de partager la charge émotionnelle inhérente à cette fonction.
Histone modifications of circulating nucleosomes are associated with changes in cell-free DNA fragmentation patterns
Authors: Bai Jinyue , Jiang Peiyong , Ji Lu , Lam W. K. Jacky , Zhou Qing , Ma Mary-Jane L. , Ding Spencer C. , Ramakrishnan Saravanan , Wan Chun Wai , Yang Tongxin Claire , Yukawa Masashi , Chan Rebecca W. Y. , Qiao Rong , Yu Stephanie C. Y. , Choy L. Y. Lois , Shi Yuwei , Wang Zilong , Tam Tommy H. C. , Law Man Fai , Wong Raymond S. M. , Wong John , Chan Stephen Lam , Wong Grace L. H. , Wong Vincent W. S. , Chan K. C. Allen , Lo Y. M. Dennis
Published: October 2024

The analysis of tissues of origin of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) is of research and diagnostic interest. Many studies focused on bisulfite treatment or immunoprecipitation protocols to assess the tissues of origin of cfDNA. DNA loss often occurs during such processes. Fragmentomics of cfDNA molecules has uncovered a wealth of information related to tissues of origin of cfDNA. There is still much room for the development of tools for assessing contributions from various tissues into plasma using fragmentomic features. Hence, we developed an approach to analyze the relative contributions of DNA from different tissues into plasma, by identifying characteristic fragmentation patterns associated with selected histone modifications. We named this technique as FRAGmentomics-based Histone modification Analysis (FRAGHA). Deduced placenta-specific histone H3 lysine 27 acetylation (H3K27ac)-associated signal correlated well with the fetal DNA fraction in maternal plasma (Pearson’s
r
= 0.96). The deduced liver-specific H3K27ac-associated signal correlated with the donor-derived DNA fraction in liver transplantation recipients (Pearson’s
r
= 0.92) and was significantly increased in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (
P
< 0.01, Wilcoxon rank-sum test). Significant elevations of erythroblasts-specific and colon-specific H3K27ac-associated signals were observed in patients with β-thalassemia major and colorectal cancer, respectively. Furthermore, using the fragmentation patterns from tissue-specific H3K27ac regions, a machine learning algorithm was developed to enhance HCC detection, with an area under the curve (AUC) of up to 0.97. Finally, genomic regions with H3K27ac or histone H3 lysine 4 trimethylation (H3K4me3) were found to exhibit different fragmentomic patterns of cfDNA. This study has shed light on the relationship between cfDNA fragmentomics and histone modifications, thus expanding the armamentarium of liquid biopsy.
Functional inversion of circadian regulator REV-ERBα leads to tumorigenic gene reprogramming
Authors: Yang Yatian , Zhang Xiong , Cai Demin , Zheng Xingling , Zhao Xuan , Zou June X. , Zhang Jin , Borowsky Alexander D. , Dall’Era Marc A. , Corey Eva , Mitsiades Nicholas , Kung Hsing-Jien , Chen Xinbin , Li Jian Jian , Downes Michael , Evans Ronald M. , Chen Hong-Wu
Published: October 2024

Profound functional switch of key regulatory factors may play a major role in homeostasis and disease. Dysregulation of circadian rhythm (CR) is strongly implicated in cancer with mechanisms poorly understood. We report here that the function of REV-ERBα, a major CR regulator of the orphan nuclear receptor subfamily, is dramatically altered in tumors in both its genome binding and functional mode. Loss of CR is linked to a functional inversion of REV-ERBα from a repressor in control of CR and metabolic gene programs in normal tissues to a strong activator in different cancers. Through changing its association from NCoR/HDAC3 corepressor complex to BRD4/p300 coactivators, REV-ERBα directly activates thousands of genes including tumorigenic programs such as MAPK and PI3K-Akt signaling. Functioning as a master transcriptional activator, REV-ERBα partners with pioneer factor FOXA1 and directly stimulates a large number of signaling genes, including multiple growth factors, receptor tyrosine kinases, RASs, AKTs, and MAPKs. Moreover, elevated REV-ERBα reprograms FOXA1 to bind new targets through a BRD4-mediated increase in local chromatin accessibility. Pharmacological targeting with SR8278 diminishes the function of both REV-ERBα and FOXA1 and synergizes with BRD4 inhibitor in effective suppression of tumorigenic programs and tumor growth. Thus, our study revealed a functional inversion by a CR regulator in driving gene reprogramming as an unexpected paradigm of tumorigenesis mechanism and demonstrated a high effectiveness of therapeutic targeting such switch.
Jamaican fruit bats mount a stable and highly neutralizing antibody response after bat influenza virus infection
Authors: Kessler Susanne , Stegen Philipp , Zhan Shijun , Schwemmle Martin , Reuther Peter , Schountz Tony , Ciminski Kevin
Published: October 2024

Antibodies are an essential component of the antiviral response in many species, but to date, there is no compelling evidence that bats are capable of eliciting a robust humoral immunity, including neutralizing antibodies. Here, we report that infection of Jamaican fruit bats with the bat influenza A virus H18N11 elicits a rapid and stable humoral immune response with a strong neutralizing capacity, associated with no detectable viral shedding after repeat challenge infection. Thus, the neutralizing antibody response of bats might play an important role in the bat immunity.
Improved LPAstar algorithm for power station cabinet wiring
Authors: Xu Chenglin , Su Hu , Zhang Ning , Zhu Hongwei
Published: October 2024

Aiming at the complex constraints of cable layout in power plant cabinets and the low efficiency of manual design, an improved Lifelong Planning Astar algorithm (LPAstar) is proposed. By constructing a corner-length feature fusion model, the cable length and number of corners are constrained to reduce wiring costs and cable damage. The spatial minimum bounding box algorithm is employed to avoid cable suspension. Continuous incentive factors are introduced to improve algorithm efficiency. In post-processing, smoothing strategy and wire harness dispersion strategy are used to avoid excessive cable bending and ensure the standardization of wiring. The simulation experiment results show that compared with the traditional Astar algorithm, the routing length and number of corners are reduced by 27% and 65%, respectively. The generation efficiency is 84% and 87% higher than the Astar algorithm and the original LPAstar algorithm, respectively.
Trajectory tracking control based on deep reinforcement learning and ensemble random network distillation for robotic manipulator
Authors: Hu Jintao , Wang Fujie , Yi Jiahao , Li Xing , Xie Zhongye
Published: October 2024

In general, the trajectory tracking of robotic manipulator is exceptionally challenging due to the complex and strongly coupled mechanical architecture. In this paper, precise track control of the robotic manipulator is formulated as a dense reward problem for reinforcement learning(RL). A deep RL(DRL) approach combining the soft actor-critic (SAC) algorithm and ensemble random network distillation (ERND) is proposed to address the tracking control problem for robotic manipulator. Firstly, an ERND model is designed, consisting of a module list of multiple RND models. Each RND model obtains the error by learning the target features and the predicted features of the environment. The resulting error serves as internal rewards that drive the robotic agent to explore unknown and unpredictable environmental states. The ensemble model obtains the total internal reward by summing the internal rewards of each RND model, thereby obtaining more accurately reflecting the characteristics of the manipulator in tracking control tasks and improving control performance. Secondly, combining the SAC algorithm with ERND facilitates more robust exploration capabilities in environments with input saturation and joint angle constraints, thereby enabling faster learning of effective policies and enhancing the performance and efficiency of robotic manipulator tracking control tasks. Finally, the simulation results demonstrate that the robotic manipulator tracking control task is effectively completed in dense reward problems through the combination of the SAC algorithm and ERND.
Symbol time compression for OFDM spectral efficiency in visible light communication
Authors: Elbakry Mohamed S. , Hashima Sherief , El Halawany Basem M.
Published: October 2024

In recent times, the visible light communication (VLC) schemes show high data rates capabilities. In intensity modulation and direct detection (IM-DD), the intensity of the light beam from a laser or LED is modulated directly by information bits, without requiring phase information. Various orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) forms can be used to address channel distortions for IM/DD channels in VLC system. Those forms include asymmetrically clipped optical OFDM (ACO-OFDM) and direct current biased optical OFDM (DCO-OFDM). However, both DCO-OFDM and ACO-OFDM systems suffer from spectral in-efficiency. For the sake of improving the spectral efficiency of OFDM based on VLC, the symbol time compression (STC) scheme is presented in this work. Moreover, computational complexity analysis is derived. Montecarlo simulations show that the proposed system improves the throughput of the VLC OFDM system, albeit at the expense of the BER performance. Furthermore, the suggested systems exhibit a notable reduction in computational complexity in compared with to conventional systems.
Bilayer Real Time Multi-Robot Communication Maintenance Deployment Framework for Robot Swarms
Authors: Deng Beiming , Xia Lijia , Cheng Hui
Published: October 2024

The communication maintenance problem of robot swarms is important to multi-robot control in applications like rescue and area exploration. In this paper, we propose a robot-relay-based framework to keep the robot swarm connected from the view of Line-of-Sight communication. This framework mainly consists of a graphic calculation layer and a numerical optimization layer. The combination of the two layers is intent on blending the combinatorial identity of the problem and the advantage of the differentiable nature of this numerical optimization problem and forming a pipeline for generating a swarm deployment solution with low communication loss, low energy consumption, and high efficiency.
Support vector machine based on the quadratic unconstrained binary optimization model
Authors: Wang Qiwei
Published: October 2024

Support vector machine (SVM) is a powerful supervised machine learning model that is often used in binary classification algorithms. As Moore’s Law approaches its theoretical limits and the demand for machine learning to handle large-scale, high-dimensional data analysis intensifies, the necessity of adopting non-traditional computational approaches becomes evident. Quantum computing, in particular, emerges as a vital solution for the effective training of SVM models, providing capabilities beyond those of classical computing systems. To solve the above problems, a QUBO (quadratic unconstrained binary optimization) model is proposed to transform the SVM machine learning model into a quadratic unconstrained binary optimization problem so that they can be effectively trained on the D-Wave platform using adiabatic quantum computer. The results show that the QUBO model can transform the SVM model into a simple quadratic programming problem, which makes it suitable for adiabatic quantum computer processing. When processing large-scale and high-dimensional data, this transformation shows a natural advantage and significantly improves computational efficiency. The application potential of this transformation technology is huge in the medical field.
TCANet: Three-dimensional cross-attention mechanism for stereo-matching
Authors: Li Xin , Piao Yan
Published: October 2024

Effective disparity estimation is a current hotspot in stereo vision research, and cost aggregation is an important part of disparity prediction. How to perform more effective cost aggregation is the core step to improve the accuracy of disparity prediction. In previous studies, 3DCNN with a stacked hourglass structure is often used for cost aggregation. In this research, we propose an effective 3D cross-attention stereo network that utilizes the attention mechanism to obtain contextual information for cost aggregation in a more efficient way. Specifically, the 3D cross-attention module in TCANet acquires the geometric information of all pixels on the 3D cross path. By repeating this operation twice, each pixel can eventually obtain global dependencies from all other pixels. Using the 3D cross-attention module in a stacked hourglass-structured 3DCNN only increases the number of parameters by a very small amount, which can effectively improve the performance of the model. Experimental results show that TCANet performs well on virtual dataset Scene Flow and realistic KITTI datasets.
Improvement of deformable DETR model for insulator defect classification detection method
Authors: Liu Yanli , Jin Jiahe , Zhang Heng
Published: October 2024

In response to challenges faced by traditional detection methods such as image blurring, scarcity of insulator defect datasets, and insulators as small targets, we propose an improved Deformable DETR network based on the DETR defect detection algorithm. This network model accurately identifies the position information of insulators and segments the insulators on the insulator string. To address the classification problem after defect detection, we introduce a fused insulator defect classifier with a self-attention mechanism built behind the Deformable DETR model. The detected insulators are classified into three categories. Due to the limited dataset of damaged insulators, corresponding loss functions are set to address the issue of sample imbalance, thereby increasing the model’s focus on damaged insulators. Experimental results demonstrate an accuracy of 97.5% on the test set, highlighting the network’s strong generalization ability.
Monitoring of floating structures using segmentation and object classification of remotely-sensed images
Authors: Wan Jiahua , Mariano Vladimir Y.
Published: October 2024

With the rapid development of Marine aquaculture, remote sensing monitoring of high space separation Marine floating raft aquaculture has become a key technology to ensure aquaculture efficiency and environmental sustainability. A novel multi-scale layered cascade capsule network (MSHCN) model is proposed to improve the accuracy and efficiency of remote sensing image analysis for high space separation Marine floating raft culture. Firstly, based on the basic principle of the capsule network, the traditional convolutional neural network is improved, and a multi-scale feature extraction mechanism is introduced to adapt to the diversity and complexity of images in the culture area. Secondly, by building a hierarchical cascade structure, the model can further improve its ability to capture small and large scale features, so as to better understand the spatial distribution characteristics of the farming environment. In addition, in the experimental part, we verified with real remote sensing data sets, and the results showed that the MSHCN model outperformed the current mainstream methods on several key performance indicators, including classification accuracy, detection speed and model generalization ability. Finally, the potential value of this model in practical application and future optimization direction is discussed, which provides a new idea and tool for the development of remote sensing monitoring technology for high space separation floating raft culture.
Research on porosity prediction method for petroleum reservoirs based on improved gene expression algorithm
Authors: Han Xuefeng , Lin Lin , Xu Huan
Published: October 2024

Porosity, an essential parameter of reservoir properties, plays a crucial role in reservoir evaluation. Indirect prediction of reservoir porosity using well-logging data is a fundamental task in assessing hydrocarbon reserves. Multivariate stepwise regression and artificial neural network methods are currently typical prediction approaches. However, these methods suffer from drawbacks such as high workload, extensive training sample requirements, and high computational costs. Genetic Expression Programming (GEP), a novel genetic algorithm, exhibits remarkable function discovery capabilities, high efficiency, and the ability to function without requiring large training samples. This paper proposes a method that utilizes GEP to mine a porosity calculation model from well-logging sample data and subsequently compute the porosity. The effectiveness and efficiency of this method are validated through actual well-logging data.
Enhanced rolling bearing fault diagnosis using DBO-VMD-KELM
Authors: Xu Haobo , Yang Yang
Published: October 2024

To enhance the extraction of fault signal characteristics from rolling bearings and enhance fault classification precision, this paper presents an approach for diagnosing rolling bearing faults, integrating Variational Mode Decomposition (VMD) and Kernel Extreme Learning Machine (KELM). Furthermore, the Dung Beetle Optimizer (DBO) algorithm is employed to optimize VMD and KELM, addressing the challenge of determining critical parameters effectively. Initially, VMD is employed to break down the fault data from rolling bearings, and the pivotal parameters [k, α] of VMD are globally fine-tuned via the DBO algorithm, with the minimum envelope entropy serving as the optimization criterion. The ideal components of the decomposed intrinsic mode function (IMF) are then determined by comparing their minimal arranged entropy. Nine time-domain indicators are then computed to create the feature vector. Finally, in the KELM diagnostic model, the constructed feature vector is input, and DBO is combined with KELM for optimization to achieve the final fault diagnosis. Simulation results show that the fault diagnosis rate of KELM is 92%, and the fault diagnosis rate of KELM optimized by DBO is 99%, effectively identifying the fault categories of rolling bearings.
Design of voice command recognition chip based on heterogeneous acceleration
Authors: Liu Xinyu , Li Jin , Jiang Junbang , Li Tiehong
Published: October 2024

Speech, as one of the earliest forms of communication used by humans, can effectively convey information. However, the current deep neural network models for speech recognition are generally large in scale and can only be deployed in the cloud, which imposes high deployment environment requirements and power consumption, thereby limiting their implementation on embedded devices. In the context of end-to-end speech recognition, a series of challenges are encountered, including power consumption constraints, computing power limitations, network dependencies, privacy protection, bandwidth restrictions, and communication delays. To address these issues, this paper proposes the design of an end-to-end voice command recognition chip based on deep neural networks specifically for recognizing voice commands in specific scenarios. This chip achieves low power consumption and minimal delay in recognition. Additionally, we introduce a weighted, overloadable chip architecture to enable seamless scene migration, ultimately aiming to resolve the aforementioned challenges.
Lightweight bearing defect detection method based on collaborative attention and domain adaptive technology
Authors: Nie Wenzhong , Ju Zemin
Published: October 2024

With the rapid development of industrial manufacturing, bearing defect detection has become a key link to ensure the safe operation of equipment and improve production efficiency. Aiming at the problems of low accuracy and large parameters of traditional bearing defect detection models, this paper proposes a lightweight bearing defect detection method based on collaborative attention and domain adaptive technology. Firstly, the collaborative attention mechanism uses multiple parallel attention heads to extract the features of different regions in the image respectively. Each attention head can independently extract and weigh the features of specific regions, which can capture the complex features of bearing defects more comprehensively, including shape, texture, edge and other key information. At the same time, the domain adaptation technology aims to make the model adapt to the data distribution of different domains. It reduces the difference between the source domain and the object domain by aligning the feature distribution between the source domain and the object domain during the training process, thereby improving the performance of the model on the object domain. The experimental results show that the proposed method is 2.75% higher than the mAP@0.5 of YOLOv7, and has higher computational efficiency and better generalization ability than the traditional method.
Simulation of marine wireless sensor network coverage based on improved grey wolf optimization algorithm
Authors: Yang Zhongqiang , Palaoag Thelma Domingo
Published: October 2024

A new improved algorithm (IGWO) is proposed based on the Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO) algorithm to solve the issue of low overall coverage easily caused by the random deployment of nodes in wireless sensor networks. The IGWO algorithm improves its searchability by adjusting the convergence factor a and changing the updating rules of individual gray wolf positions. IGWO improves the overall search capabilities of the algorithm by converging and adjusting the trend of convergence factors and dynamically adjusts the gray wolf position update strategy by taking the Euclidean distance ratio values of the omega wolf to the alpha wolf, beta wolf, and delta wolf as parameters, further expanding the search capability of the algorithm. Using MATLAB for simulation, we select 20, 30, and 40 sensor nodes respectively, and the coverage of IGWO compared to GWO’s WSN increases by 0.09%, 2.09%, and 1.17%, respectively, proving that the IGWO algorithm can effectively improve the coverage and performance of WSN.