bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pembuatan Pupuk Kalium Phospat Dari Limbah Kulit Kentang Menggunakan Metode Ekstraksi
Authors: Astuti Andini Wiji , Sarwodhito Labib , Chempro Siswanto
Published: August 2024

Kulit kentang adalah salah satu contoh limbah organik yang dapat digunakan sebagai bahan energi. Selama ini kupasan kentang umumnya digunakan sebagai makanan ternak, pupuk organik, dan terkadang hanya dibuang begitu saja menjadi sampah. Kulit kentang mengandung unsur hara yang diperlukan tanaman seperti Kalium dan Fosfor. Penelitian ini berfokus kepada pemanfaatan limbah kulit kentang sebagai bahan baku pembuatan pupuk kalium phospat. Dengan adanya pemanfaatan kulit kentang ini menjadi pupuk kalium fosfat maka nilai ekonomis kulit kentang yang semula tidak berharga,menjadi mempunyai harga yang cukup dan mengetahui kondisi ideal ekstraksi untuk hasil maksimal pengambilan kalium dari kulit kentang dengan menggunakan pelarut asam phospat. Parameter yang diuji adalah penentuan suhu ekstraksi optimum pada kadar K2O dan P2O5 (65°C,75°C,85°C,95°C,105°C) dan menentukan kadar K2O dan P2O5 terhadap variasi konsentrasi Asam Fosfat (6N, 7N, 8N, 9N, 10N). Dari penelitian, hasil terbaik pengambilan K2O sebanyak 0,31% pada suhu optimum ekstraksi 85°C dengan konsentrasi Asam Fosfat 6N dan kadar P2O5 paling tinggi 26,2% pada suhu optimum ekstraksi 105°C dengan konsentrasi Asam Fosfat 6N.
UJI STABILITAS FORMULASI SPRAY NANOEMULSI VARIASI POLIETILEN GLIKOL 400 EKSTRAK BUNGA TELANG (Clitoria ternatea L.) SEBAGAI TABIR SURYA
Authors: Desbrianto David , Ulfa Ade Maria , Lestari Yovita Endah
Published: August 2024

Tabir surya adalah suatu sediaan yang mengandung senyawa kimia yang dapat menyerap dan memantulkan sinar UV yang mengenai kulit sehingga dapat digunakan untuk melindungi kulit manusia dari efek negatif sinar UV. Salah satu tanaman yang berpotensi sebagai tabir surya yaitu bunga telang. Tujuan penelitian ini mengetahui stabilitas fisik sediaan spray nanoemulsi ekstrak bunga telang (Clitoria ternatea L.) dengan pengujian cycling test agar dapat diketahui hubungan yang signifikan antara sebelum dan sesudah penyimpanan, menentukan nilai SPF spray nanoemulsi untuk mengetahui hubungan yang signifikan antara sebelum dan sesudah penyimpanan, dan mengetahui stabilitas spray nanoemulsi berdasarkan nilai SPF sebelum dan sesudah uji stabilitas. Ektraksi menggunakan metode maserasi dengan pelarut air dan kemudian di freeze dry, rendemen yang didapat yaitu 29,33%. Variasi PEG 400 yang digunakan 15%(F1), 20%(F2), dan 25%(F3). Berdasarkan hasil evaluasi stabilitas fisik, didapatkan hasil pada formula 1 stabil secara fisik dan statistik (pH, daya sebar, waktu kering, dan viskositas) dalam penyimpanan dengan nilai p>0,05. Nilai SPF yang diperoleh sebelum stabilitas yaitu 15,57; 18,91; 22,84 dan sesudah stabilitas 14,78; 17,69; 22,70. Hasil uji stabilitas nilai SPF didapatkan formula 3 paling stabil dengan nilai p>0,05.
UJI TOKSISITAS BSLT (Brine Shrimp Lethality Test) TERHADAP LARVA UDANG EKSTRAK METANOL KULIT BAWANG MERAH (Allium Cepa L.) DENGAN METODE EKSTRAKSI SOKLETASI DAN REFLUKS
Authors: Fitriyanti Desi , Tutik Tutik , Ulfa Ade Maria
Published: August 2024

Kulit bawang merah telah lama digunakan sebagai obat tradisional karena kemampuannya menurunkan resiko penyakit kardiovaskuler, diabetes, kanker dan aterosklerosis. Kulit Bawang merah mengandung senyawa-senyawa yang dipercaya berkhasiat sebagai antiinflamasi dan antioksidan seperti kuersetin yang bertindak sebagai agen untuk mencegah sel kanker. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk menguji toksisitas ekstrak metanol kulit bawang merah terhadap larva udang laut Artemia Salina Leach dengan metode ekstraksi sokletasi dan refluks. Uji fitokimia kandungan ekstrak metanol menunjukan adanya senyawa alkaloid, flavonoid, tanin dan saponin. Hasil rendemen dari metode ekstraksi sokletasi dan refluks yang telah dilakukan diperoleh 12,5% dan 14%. Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) digunakan dalam skrining untuk menentukan sifat toksik suatu ekstrak secara in vivo. Hasil uji toksisitas ekstrak metanol terhadap Artemia Salina Leach dinyatakan dengan nilai LC50 164.441 µg/mL dan 310.373 µg/mL. Ekstrak metanol kulit bawang merah pada penelitian ini dikategorikan kedalam toksik sedang terhadap Artemia Salina Leach.Kata Kunci : Kulit Bawang Merah, Sokletasi, Refluks, Toksisitas, BSLT
Studi Penggunaan Antihipertensi Golongan Angiotensin Reseptor Blocker (ARB) pada Pasien Chronic Kidney Disease (Penelitian dilakukan di RS Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang)
Authors: Nurfausiah Nurfausiah , Hasmono Didik , Kusumaningtyas Atika Putri , Syifa' Nailis
Published: August 2024

Hypertension and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are interrelated pathophysiological conditions, where sustained hypertension can lead the deterioration of renal function, and progressive deterioration of renal function can conversely result in poorer blood pressure (BP) control. Antihypertensives are given to CKD patients with the goal of lowering their blood pressure to < 140 mmHg and preventing harm to other organs. Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARB) are one of the first line of therapy used to reduce blood pressure in CKD patients. The research purpose was to determine the pattern of ARB regarding the type, dosage form, combination, and route of the group given to CKD patients at UMM’s General Hospital. Research was conducted in observational research with a descriptive nature and retrospective data collection on the health medical record of CKD with period January – Desember 2022. Results of the research showed that patients who met the inclusion criteria amounted to 25 patients using ARB antihypertensive therapy, the highest number of gender 52% male and 48% female, at the age of 46-55 years. The most common single use was Candesartan (1x16mg)po (5%) 2 patients, the most common combination II was Candesartan (1x16mg)po + Furosemide (3x40mg) iv 7 patients (18%), the most common combination III was Candesartan (1x16mg)po + Amlodipine (1x10mg)v + Furosemide (3x40mg)iv, the most common combination IV was Candesartan (1x16mg)po + Amlodipine (1x10mg)po + Clonidine (3x0.15mg)po + Furosemide (3x40mg)iv. There was a switch pattern as many as 13 samples (52%). Most patients met the blood pressure target at ≤ 140 mmHg.
IDENTIFIKASI INTERAKSI OBAT POTENSIAL PADA PERESEPAN PASIEN HIPERTENSI DI PUSKESMAS HAJI PEMANGGILAN
Authors: Lestari Yovita Endah , Nurkhalika Rachmi , Samor Vania Amanda
Published: August 2024

Interaksi obat menjadi salah satu permasalahan dalam peresepan yang memiliki lebih dari lima macam obat didalam satu resep. Hal ini bisa menyebabkan obat yang diresepkan tidak dapat bekerja secara optimal. Pasien dengan penyakit hipertensi mempunyai resiko yang tinggi untuk mengalami interaksi obat. Hal ini berhubungan dengan komplikasi yang sering terjadi pada pasien hipertensi. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara non eksperimental dengan rancangan penelitian deskriptif. Pengambilan data secara retrospektif dari data rekam medik dan resep pasien hipertensi pada bulan November 2022 – Januari 2023 di Puskesmas Haji Pemanggilan, Lampung Tengah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan karateristik pasien terbanyak pada jenis kelamin perempuan sebesar 111 (52,4%)  dan usia lansia (> 50 tahun) sebesar 133 (63,4%). Resep yang memiliki potensi mengalami interaksi obat sebanyak 90 resep (42,8%)  dari 210 resep. Gambaran pada potensi interaksi obat terbanyak masuk kedalam kategori moderate sebanyak 61 kasus (42,8%) dan terdapat 76 kasus (84,5%) interaksi obat berdasarkan mekanisme farmakodinamik.
IDENTIFIKASI JAMUR Trichophyton PEKERJA KERUPUK KULIT DAN PENJUAL IKAN AIR TAWAR KOTA BENGKULU
Authors: Fernita Reni , Halimah Halimah
Published: August 2024

Indonesia merupakan Negara yang memiliki iklim tropis dan memiliki kelembaban yang tinggi. Kondisi ini menimbulkan beberapa masalah dibidang kesehatan, seperti penyakit infeksi. Prevalensi penyakit kulit menyerang 20-25% dari populasi dunia dan 30% penyebab infeksi kulit oleh jamur. Penyebab infeksi jamur yang menyerang kulit manusia disebabkan kulit yang selalu lembab seperti pekerja cuci steam, petani, atau orang yang setiap hari memakai sepatu tertutup dalam waktu yang lama. Studi ini bertujuan untuk identifikasi jamur Trichophyton pada pekerja  kerupuk kulit dan penjual ikan air tawar di Kota Bengkulu.
Metode: Studi ini menggunakan desain deskriptif berbasis laboratorium. Teknik pengambilan sampel secara total sampling yaitu 27 responden. Sampel diuji pemeriksaan makroskopik menggunakan media SDA (Sabotaud Dextrose Agar) dan dilanjutkan pemeriksaan mikroskopik dengan Larutan LCB. Hasil: Berdasarkan pemeriksaan makroskopis dan mikroskopis jamur yang ditemukan dari 27 sampel, terdapat pada pekerja kerupuk kulit dan penjual ikan air tawar yang positif terkontaminasi jamur Trichophyton masing-masing 14,8%. Kesimpulan: Jenis spesies jamur Trichophyton yang terdapat pada jari kaki pekerja kerupuk kulit dan penjual ikan air tawar yaitu Trichophyton Mentagrophytes sebesar 25,9%.
Modified Koufopanos' Mechanism in the Kinetics of in-situ Catalytic Pyrolysis of Co-pelletized Rice Husks and Ash
Authors: Wibowo Wusana Agung , Waluyo Joko , Cahyono Rochim Bakti , Rochmadi Rochmadi , Budiman Arief
Published: August 2024

Using rice husk ash as a cheap in-situ catalyst under certain pyrolysis operating conditions can affect the yield of rice husk pyrolysis products. The two-stage semi-global kinetic models were often used to predict these yields. This research aims to study the effect of rice husk ash catalyst addition, heating rate, and pyrolysis temperature on the kinetics and yield of rice husk pellet pyrolysis products. A modified kinetic model of the Koufopanos mechanism was proposed to predict the product's yield. The apparent pyrolysis kinetics were analyzed with the assistance of a self-designed macro-thermogravimetric analysis apparatus. The co-pelletized rice husk and ash were heated from 303 to 873 – 1173 K at 5, 10, and 40 K/min heating rates in a N2 environment. Gas was collected and analyzed with gas chromatography equipped with a thermal conductivity detector at several temperature intervals during pyrolysis. It was found that the yield of the pyrolysis products can be described well by the proposed kinetic model. Adding a rice husk ash catalyst at 10 K/min reduced the activation energy of the primary gas and tar formation. It also enhanced the secondary pyrolysis reactions to form gas, which occurs more significantly at higher temperatures and heating rates. At low heating rates, heterogeneous secondary reactions tended to convert the primary tar into secondary gas. However, secondary reactions converted the primary tar into secondary tar at higher heating rates. On the other hand, increasing the pyrolysis temperature increased the gas yield and reduced the yield of tar and char.
Pengaruh Limbah Keramik Sebagai Pengganti Agregat Kasar Terhadap Kuat Tekan Beton Dengan Tambahan Zat Additive
Authors: Nurfadilah Nurfadilah , ' Mustakim , ' Misbahuddin
Published: August 2024

: Umumnya campuran beton terdiri dari air,semen, dan agregat. Namun, pada saat ini dilakukan berbagai upaya untuk meningkatkan kualitas beton termasuk menggunakan bahan tambah dalam campuran beton yang dapat berfungsi sebagai filler atau additive. Salah satu inovasi terhadap bahan pembuat beton dengan menggunakan limbah pecahan keramik sebagai bahan pengganti agregat kasar. Penelitian ini memanfaatkan limbah pecahan keramik sebagai pengganti agregat kasar dengan bahan tambah Sikacim Concrete Additive dengan tujuan mengetahui pengaruh pemanfaatan limbah keramik dan Sikacim Concrete Additive terhadap kuat tekan dan kuat lentur beton. HHhHHHHJJJJJJJHHasil penelitian menunjukkan kuat tekan  beton normal sebesar 25,86 Mpa, variasi pecahan keramik 5% dan Sikacim Concrete Additive 0% sebesar 26,23 Mpa, variasi pecahan keramik 5% dan Sikacim Concrete Additive 0,6% sebesar 27,55 Mpa, variasi pecahan keramik 5% dan Sikacim Concrete Additive 0,8% sebesar 29,35 Mpa. Kemudian pada kuat lentur beton normal 4,0 Mpa, variasi pecahan keramik 5% dan Sikacim Concrete Additive 0% mencapai 4,089 Mpa, variasi pecahan keramik 5% dan Sikacim Concrete Additive 0,6% mencapai 4,178 Mpa, variasi pecahan keramik 5% dan Sikacim Concrete Additive 0,8% mencapai 4,267 Mpa. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan 5% limbah pecahan keramik dengan tambahan Sikacim Concrete Additive 0,6% dan 0,8% mampu meningkatkan kuat tekan dan kuat lentur beton.
IMPLEMENTING RETRIEVAL-AUGMENTED GENERATION AND VECTOR DATABASES FOR CHATBOTS IN PUBLIC SERVICES AGENCIES CONTEXT
Authors: Pujiono Ibnu , Agtyaputra Irfan Murtadho , Ruldeviyani Yova
Published: August 2024

Rapid developments in information technology, such as chatbots and generative artificial intelligence, have drastically lowered the cost of providing services to the society. This study aims to measure performance of developed chatbot using retrieval augmented generation and vector database. This research compares the performance of existing Large Language Modelling (LLM) in answering questions related to regulations concerning public service agencies.. Using a vector database, questions are assessed and answered by the LLM model, considering cosine similarity scores. The best-performing model, gpt-4, is selected for the deployment process which have average cosine similarity score 0,404. The use of LLM for chatbot creation at the prototyping stage can provide a good response to the question asked related to public service agencies with retrieval augmented generation (RAG) process through regulation-based document extraction.
Move-over Laws and Incident Response Personnel Safety in the USA
Authors: Fisher Justin , Bredikhina Olga , Hockstad Trayce , Penmetsa Praveena , Liu Jun , Jones Steven
Published: August 2024

As the number of motor vehicles on roads in the United States of America continues to grow, there is an increasing risk for all road users to be involved in a traffic incident. Although congestion and traveller delay are common traffic incidents, workplace-related injury or fatality among incident response personnel are a serious problem. The injuries may be alleviated with the help of effective laws about incident response personnel safety standards, including state move-over laws. This paper provides an overview, as of July 2024, of existing incident response personnel (“move-over”) laws for all fifty states. This study finds that there is a great variation in such laws among states, which may lead to challenges with comprehension and compliance. States that offer the least amount of protection to their incident response personnel were identified. Recommendations are provided on specific elements of the legislation to offer greater protection to the incident response personnel while working on the side of the roads. The nuances and the variation in move-over laws can make it difficult for drivers to understand what the law requires of them. The findings of this paper will be of interest to researchers, stakeholders, and policymakers working in the field of transportation and occupational safety.
Parameterized Complexity of Restricted Variants of Some Classical Problems
Authors:   , Szilágyi Krisztina
Published: August 2024

As the title of this thesis suggests, we study how does the complexity of problems change if we add some restrictions to them. In order to achieve this, we use the framework of parameterized complexity. In contrast to classical complexity, where we express the number of steps in terms of input size, in parameterized complexity we express the number of steps in terms of the input size and an extra parameter.
In the first part of the thesis, we study how adding structure to the input makes problems easier. We consider the Subgraph Isomorphism problem on unit disk graphs, and the Set Cover problem where the sets form arithmetic progressions. In the second part of the thesis, we add restrictions on the solution. We start from the Flow problem, and we consider two natural restrictions, namely connectivity and the all-or-nothing restriction.
Circadian Disruption as a Risk Factor for Development of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders – From Animal Models to Human Population
Authors: Sumová A , Sládek M
Published: August 2024

The lifestyle of human society is drifting apart from the natural environmental cycles that have influenced it since its inception. These cycles were fundamental in structuring the daily lives of people in the pre-industrial era, whether they were seasonal or daily. Factors that disrupt the regularity of human behaviour and its alignment with solar cycles, such as late night activities accompanied with food intake, greatly disturb the internal temporal organization in the body. This is believed to contribute to the rise of the so-called diseases of civilization. In this review, we discuss the connection between misalignment in daily (circadian) regulation and its impact on health, with a focus on cardiovascular and metabolic disorders. Our aim is to review selected relevant research findings from laboratory and human studies to assess the extent of evidence for causality between circadian clock disruption and pathology.
Keywords: Circadian clock, Chronodisruption, Metabolism, Cardiovascular disorders, Spontaneously hypertensive rat, Human, Social jetlag, Chronotype
Gliflozins in the Treatment of Non-diabetic Experimental Cardiovascular Diseases
Authors: Vaněčková I , Zicha J
Published: August 2024

A new class of antidiabetic drugs - gliflozins (inhibitors of sodium glucose cotransporter-2; SGLT-2i) stimulate glucose and sodium excretion, thereby contributing to improved glycemic control, weight loss and blood pressure reduction in diabetic patients. Large clinical trials in patients with type 2 diabetes treated with empagliflozin, canagliflozin or dapagliflozin have demonstrated their excellent efficacy in improving many cardiovascular outcomes, including the reduction of death from cardiovascular diseases, non-fatal myocardial infarction or stroke, and hospitalization for heart failure. Moreover, the beneficial effects of SGLT-2i were also demonstrated in the decrease in proteinuria, which leads to a lower risk of progression to end-stage renal disease and thus a delay in initiation of the renal replacement therapy. Unexpectedly, their cardioprotective and renoprotective effects have been demonstrated not only in patients with diabetes but also in those without diabetes. Recently, much effort has been focused on patients with heart failure (either with reduced or preserved ejection fraction) or liver disease. Experimental studies have highlighted pleiotropic effects of SGLT-2 inhibitors beyond their natriuretic and glycosuric effects, including reduction of fibrosis, inflammation, reactive oxygen species, and others. Our results in experimental non-diabetic models of hypertension, chronic kidney disease and heart failure are partially consistent with these findings. This raises the question of whether the same mechanisms are at work in diabetic and non-diabetic conditions, and which mechanisms are responsible for the beneficial effects of gliflozins under non-diabetic conditions. Are these effects cardio-renal, metabolic, or others? This review will focus on the effects of gliflozins under different pathophysiological conditions, namely in hypertension, chronic kidney disease, and heart failure, which have been evaluated in non-diabetic rat models of these diseases.
Additional Meals at the Wedding Ceremony in Nagari Tandikek, Patamuan District, Padang Pariaman District
Authors: Hakim Arif , Nursaid Nursaid , Suhaili Samsudin , Ningsih Ayu Gustia
Published: August 2024

Pasambahan dining is a unique tradition that symbolizes the rich culture and local wisdom of the local community. In this ceremony, various types of typical food are served on banana leaves and traditional kitchen utensils, symbolizing respect for ancestors and harmony with nature. This tradition also illustrates the values of solidarity, mutual cooperation and brotherhood that are unique to the Nagari Tandikek community. Even though times are developing, the essence of the Pasambahan eating tradition is still maintained and preserved as a regional cultural identity. This article discusses the details and philosophy contained in the pasambahan eating tradition, as well as its development in modern life.
Human Relations in the Novel Hari Mulai Terang by Arafat Nur
Authors: Siti Rukiyah  , Nova Dwi Mulyani  , Feri Ariyanto  , Sri Utami  , Imayah
Published: August 2024

Literary texts are artistic products that write down the activities, behavior and social attitudes of society. Because of this, literature is seen as a photocopy of the reality of life. The aim of this research is to describe human relations in the literary novel Hari Mulai Terang by Arafat Nur. Human relations are human relations with social life including nature, God and oneself. Descriptive qualitative methods were used in this research with listening, reading and note-taking techniques. The analysis uses data content analysis which shows human relations. The results of the findings and analysis include: (a) human relations with themselves; (b) human relations with fellow humans; (c) human relations with nature; and (iv) human relationship with God. These findings encourage the existence of a social circle of figures who live in the local environment.
Analysis of Social Values in The Film Atap Padang Mahsyar by M. Dedy Vansophi
Authors: Wulan Defi Prawesti  , Raras Hafiidha Sari
Published: August 2024

This research was prepared with the aim of describing the social values contained in the film entitled "Atap Padang Mahsyar" by M. Dedy Vansophi. This research is research that uses a qualitative descriptive method, which is further explained by describing it with text. The data source was produced in the film Atap Padang Mahsyar, which was collected using research analysis through literature review, direct observation techniques in the film, as well as through note-taking techniques in the form of pictures in important parts of the film. The research was also carried out with a literary sociology approach to make it easier for researchers to compare problems in films and social problems that correspond to the realities of today's society. Through research on social problems in films, researchers found social values that can be benefited from, one of which is caring, mutual help, mutual cooperation, deliberation, responsibility and devotion.
Trajetórias Formativas e Profissionais de Egressos de um Curso de Pós-Graduação em Inclusão Escolar de Crianças com Transtorno do Espectro Autista
Authors: Mota Dias Brites Luciana , Pontes de Almeida Roselaine , De Oliveira Julião Bruna
Published: August 2024

O Transtorno do Espectro Autista é um tipo de transtorno do neurodesenvolvimento que apresenta como sintomas déficits persistentes na comunicação social e na interação oral em múltiplos contextos, além de padrões restritos e repetitivos de comportamento, interesses ou atividades. A pesquisa objetivou mapear e analisar a trajetória formativa e profissional dos egressos do Curso de Pós-Graduação em Inclusão Escolar nos Transtornos do Neurodesenvolvimento: autismo e suas comorbidades, ofertado no ano de 2021 pelo Instituto NeuroSaber de Ensino em parceria com a Universidade Federal Tecnológica do Paraná – Campus Londrina. Em 2022, realizou- se pesquisa de campo com 58 egressos, que responderam a um questionário digital com variáveis categóricas, reunindo 10 perguntas, e uma escala Likert adaptada, constituída por 12 frases afirmativas, cujos dados foram analisados descritivamente. Os resultados indicaram que o curso apresenta boa qualidade e implicações importantes considerando aspectos como uso de prática baseada em evidências, segurança dos profissionais e aprimoramento de processos de avaliação e intervenção. Os dados proporcionaram uma reflexão acerca do conteúdo abordado em cursos de formação inicial e continuada, e da valorização e remuneração de profissionais que buscam qualificação.
Reflexões sobre as competências pedagógicas do docente universitário
Authors: Lopes Barbosa Siqueira Flávia , Jardim Curty de Souza Ana Paula , Pires André Bianka
Published: August 2024

A formação do professor universitário é uma preocupação cada vez mais presente no ambiente acadêmico. O desenvolvimento adequado desses profissionais reflete na qualidade do ensino das instituições de ensino superior e nos diversos processos educativos presentes no cotidiano do docente, como organização curricular, planejamento pedagógico da disciplina, utilização demetodologias de ensino, relação professor-aluno, integração de disciplinas, concepções acerca da avaliação, dentre outros. À vista disso, entende-se que a evolução de diversas competências é necessária a formação integral destes profissionais. Logo, as competências pedagógicas também fazem parte do percurso formativo do professor universitário e são imprescindíveis para atuação dos profissionais que atuarão no ensino superior, pois a partir desse conhecimento, espera-se que o docente seja capaz de refletir em torno da sua prática e compreender aspectos relacionados ao processo de ensino-aprendizagem. Nesse sentido, o objetivo deste trabalho é refletir sobre a formação que o futuro docente universitário vem recebendo nos programas de pós-graduação, assim comodiscutir a importância dessa formação e do desenvolvimento das competências pedagógicas para o exercício docente. Para realização deste trabalho, foram utilizados como suporte teórico os autores Zabalza (2004), Masetto (2015), Cunha (2010), entre outros. A metodologia utilizada é de natureza qualitativa, com base em pesquisas bibliográficas. Sendo assim, entende-se que a docência universitária é uma profissão complexa que requer formação inicial adequada, bem como formação continuada, pois ser professor requer uma construção e reconstrução de saberes constantes. Ademais, a aquisição das competências específicas próprias da docência está diretamente relacionada à sua prática e seu compromisso com a profissão. Portanto, é importante levantar discussões a respeito das competências necessárias para a formação do professor universitário, visto que, a atuação como docente em todos os níveis tem se tornado um desafio, no ensino superior não é diferente.
Relato de experiência: intervenção educativa sobre biossegurança para profissionais de limpeza e higienização hospitalar
Authors: Sobota Vasconcelos Ana Carolina , Saraiva dos Santos Tobias , Sobota Vasconcelos Ana Luiza , Haissa Marques Cavalcante Isadora , Brito Gonçalves Maria Eduarda , Lopes Profiro Ana Cecília , Rocha de Alencar da Costa Axel , Santos Lobo Maria Alice , Cristina dos Santos Almeida Mirian
Published: August 2024

Trata-se de relato de experiência sobre o planejamento e realização de qualificação profissional sobre biossegurança para profissionais de limpeza e higienização hospitalar sobre intervenção educativa desenvolvida de dezembro de 2022 a abril de 2023 com profissionais da limpeza e higienização de um Hospital de Grande Porte no Estado do Tocantins, no município de Palmas. As atividades educativas foram realizadas no formato de oficinas. As atividades de educação permanente sobre biossegurança para profissionais de limpeza e higienização hospitalar foram realizadas considerando o conhecimento prévio dos participantes e suas necessidades de aprendizagem a partir do processo de trabalho. Nesse sentido, as ferramentas aplicadas nas oficinas e dinâmicas, destacou a significância da aprendizagem multimodal e propôs uma nova visão para os profissionais, haja vista que as técnicas de higienização na prática cotidiana necessitavam de mudança para que a exposição pessoal e ambiental aos agentes biológicos fosse mitigada. Concluímos que as atividades educativas realizadas com os profissionais são de suma importância para a interação entre ensino e serviço. Elas aprimoram o processo de mudança nos profissionais de saúde, modificando o modelo de atenção e as práticas profissionais. Isso resulta em melhorias na qualidade e na oferta de ações, treinamentos e conhecimentos nos serviços de saúde, contribuindo, assim, para a formação dos profissionais de limpeza e higienização hospitalares.
A mediação e a contribuição das Tecnologias Digitais da Comunicação e Informação para a educação inclusiva
Authors: Tonolli Della Bianca Mariane , Aparecida Vieira Leociléa , Casagrande Keli
Published: August 2024

A educação inclusiva é um princípio fundamental que visa garantir a igualdade de oportunidades educacionais para todos, independentemente de suas habilidades e necessidades. No entanto, muitas vezes, pessoas com deficiências enfrentam diversas barreiras que limitam seu acesso à educação. Nesse contexto, as Tecnologias Digitais da Comunicação e Informação (TDCIs) surgem como poderosas aliadas, oferecendo ferramentas e recursos que possibilitam a mediação e a superação dessas barreiras. Este artigo visa explorar a contribuição das TDCIs para a educação inclusiva, destacando como essas tecnologias têm o potencial de transformar a forma como as pessoas com deficiência aprendem, participam e desenvolvem-se tanto no ambiente educacional quanto na sociedade. A metodologia adotada neste estudo constitui em uma Revisão Narrativa de Literatura (RNL), baseada na leitura e análise de artigos e teses relacionadas ao tema. Foram consultadas escritas acadêmicas que abordam a mediação pedagógica e o uso das Tecnologias Digitais de Informação e Comunicação (TDICs) na educação inclusiva e a análise desses trabalhos permitiu uma compreensão das práticas, das teorias e perspectivas existentes nessa área. A partir do estudo realizado, conclui-se que as TDICs são ferramentas poderosas no processo de ensino-aprendizagem, bem como, na inclusão e no progresso escolar dos alunos do público da Educação Especial. Constatou-se, ainda, que a mediação pedagógica, quando aplicada nas práticas docentes, contribui para um melhor aproveitamento das TDICs, proporcionando uma aprendizagem mais significativa para todos os alunos e beneficiando, assim, a educação inclusiva. No entanto, foi observada uma carência de formação docente voltada para o contexto da educação inclusiva.
Uso pedagógico das tecnologias digitais de informação e comunicação: formação continuada de professores dos anos iniciais
Authors: Barreto Pinto Caldas Ana Carolina , Terra Azevedo Breno Fabrício
Published: August 2024

A rápida evolução das tecnologias digitais vem modificando a maneira como vivemos e aprendemos. Os professores enfrentam o desafio de integrar essas ferramentas em suas práticas pedagógicas para enriquecer a experiência de aprendizagem das aulas. Para tal, a formação continuada de professores para o uso pedagógico das tecnologias digitais desempenha um papel crucial na educação contemporânea. Este trabalho apresenta um recorte da dissertação de mestrado que teve como objetivo analisar as percepções dos professores durante um curso de formação continuada para uso pedagógico das Tecnologias Digitais de Informação e Comunicação. Participaram da pesquisa, vinte professores dos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental de uma escola municipal, localizada no norte do estado do Rio de Janeiro. A pesquisa foi conduzida sob uma abordagem qualitativa, empregando métodos de intervenção pedagógica. Os dados coletados durante o curso foram analisados ​​com base no aporte teórico. Os resultados apresentados revelaram um elevado nível de complexidade por parte dos professores, além de indicar perspectivas de aprimoramento em suas práticas de ensino, com a incorporação de recursos tecnológicos.
A retrospective analysis of the clinical efficacy in patients treated with Alternaria alternata and Dermatophagoides farinae immunotherapy
Authors: Liu Juan , Yin Jia
Published: August 2024

Background

The clinical efficacy of allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) for Alternaria alternata (A. alt) and Dermatophagoides farinae (Der f) extracts remains largely unknown in China. We sought to retrospectively evaluate the efficacy caused by AIT agents manufactured in China of patients who are sensitized to A. alt and Der f.

Methods

Patients aged 5–27 years with asthma and perennial allergic rhinitis (AR), and AIT with A. alt and Der f were recruited, and then classified into two groups: A. alt-AIT (n = 31) and A. alt + Der f-AIT group (n = 39). All data were gathered retrospectively, including biological parameters, pulmonary function, and symptom and medication scores.

Results

70 patients who underwent A. alt and Der f AIT were enrolled. A significant improvement was observed in the values of FEV1% (P < 0.0001) and MEF 25 (P = 0.023) of lung function. Both the rhinitis symptoms and combined symptoms and medication scores for asthma decreased after AIT (by 45.3% and 80.3%, respectively, P < 0.0001 for each). Nearly 67% improvement rate (P < 0.0001) occurred in rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life, and a great increase existed in Asthma Control Test (ACT) score (P < 0.0001) after at least 1 year AIT, although there were no significant changes between these two groups. Besides, no significance was displayed in specific IgE to different allergens.

Conclusion

AIT with A. alt and Der f extracts had clinical efficacy for many patients in China, with a reduction of symptom and medication scores, and great improvement in spirometry function.
The limits of internet self-regulation – the EU’s policy for digital internet intermediaries
Authors: Simpson Seamus
Published: August 2024

This article contributes to knowledge on EU policy for Internet intermediaries by providing a characterization and analysis of the system of governance for intermediaries set out initially in the 2000 Directive on E-Commerce and recently updated in the 2022 Digital Services Act. The article shows how the new regulatory system of the DSA, unlike its predecessor, is underpinned by a strong European public transnational network governance approach, with a very noteworthy instantiation of regulatory responsibility at the EU level in respect of the power given to the European Commission to regulate Very Large Online Platforms (VLOPs) and Very Large Online Search Engines (VLOSEs). This reflects an attempt to mitigate the negative consequences of a largely light touch, self-regulated environment faced by Internet intermediaries. The article contends that the EU’s new system of platform regulation creates instead a trans-European network (public regulatory dominated and epistemic regulatory actor enabled) more akin to the neoliberal model of EU telecommunications governance than the private interest self-regulatory aspirations of Internet governance specialists of the early 2000s, when the DEC was established.
Immune cell-mediated features of atherosclerosis
Authors: Liu Tingting , Chen Yanjun , Hou Lianjie , Yu Yulu , Ma Dan , Jiang Ting , Zhao Guojun
Published: August 2024

Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by innate and adaptive immune responses, which seriously threatens human life and health. It is a primary cause of coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction, and peripheral vascular disease. Research has demonstrated that immune cells are fundamental to the development of atherosclerosis and chronic inflammation. Therefore, it is anticipated that immunotherapy targeting immune cells will be a novel technique in the management of atherosclerosis. This article reviews the growth of research on the regulatory role of immune cells in atherosclerosis and targeted therapy approaches. The purpose is to offer new therapeutic approaches for the control and treatment of cardiovascular illnesses caused by atherosclerosis.
On-site inspection as a tool for developing auditing skills in engineering: integrating continuous education contents into higher education programs
Authors: García-García Rebeca María , García-Caballero Cristal Alejandra , Villarreal-Lara Raúl , Mirón-Mérida Vicente Antonio
Published: August 2024

Employability has been a priority for higher education institutions, and some skills, such as auditing skills, are necessary for students to enter into work life. In this regard, auditing skills can be applied in the food industry in different areas such as production, food safety, quality assurance, and environmental responsibility. Developing these skills could take years of practice and the completion of several courses, certifications, and diplomas, increasing the existing gap regarding auditing skills. In this work, 25 students from a Design of Process and Food Safety Management Systems class implemented a Food Safety and Food Quality checklist based on the Mexican regulation NOM-251-SSA1-2009 Hygiene Practices for Food, Beverage, and Supplement Processing, to analyze a real-life challenge in a beverage company that participated as a Training Partner. Two soft skills were evaluated: decision-making and problem-solving. The problem-solving effectiveness of these instruments was assessed by collecting the feedback of an experienced auditor and a representative from the audited company. The average result obtained for students after auditing the beverage company was 67.04, which was close to the assigned grade from the senior auditor (72.94), which indicates a good estimation from the instruments generated by the students. This exercise demonstrated the effectiveness of the students in performing accordingly and delivering the expected outcomes in front of a real industrial challenge. The combination of continuous education with a work-based challenge functioned as a laboratory for the students, where they can obtain technical skills in combination with fundamental, personal, and cooperative skills, which are necessary for facing industry challenges in an environment of globalization.
A head-to-head comparison of humoral and cellular immune responses of five COVID-19 vaccines in adults in China
Authors: Han Xu , Pan Hongxing , Jin Pengfei , Wei Mingwei , Jia Siyue , Wang Wenjuan , Chu Kai , Gao Shuyu , Zhou Li , Li Jingxin , Zhu Fengcai
Published: August 2024

Introduction

Various COVID-19 vaccine trials have shown that vaccines can successfully prevent symptomatic cases of COVID-19 and death. Head-to-head comparisons help to better understand the immune response characteristics of different COVID-19 vaccines in humans.

Methods

We randomly selected 20 participants from each of five ongoing Phase II trials of COVID-19 vaccines. Here, SARS-CoV 2-specific immune responses to DNA vaccine (INO-4800), mRNA vaccine (BNT162b2), Adenovirus-vectored vaccine (CONVIDECIA), Protein subunit vaccine (Recombinant COVID- 19 Vaccine (Sf9 Cells)), Inactivated Vaccine (KCONVAC) were examined longitudinally in healthy adults between Jan 15, 2021 and July 5, 2021 for 6 months. RBD-IgG titres were detected by ELISA, neutralising antibody titer were detected by pseudoviral neutralization and immune cell response were detected by flow cytometry.

Results

At the first visit (V1), 100% of individuals who received the BNT162b2, CONVIDECIA, or KCONVAC vaccines experienced seroconversion of neutralizing and binding antibodies in the serum. Except for the Recombinant COVID-19 Vaccine (Sf9 Cells) vaccine having the highest neutralizing antibody GMT at the second visit (although there was no statistically significant difference in geometric mean titers between V1 and V2), the rest of the vaccines had the highest levels of binding antibodies and neutralizing antibodies at V1. The neutralizing antibodies GMT of all vaccines showed a significant decrease at V3 compared to V1. The neutralizing antibody GMT against the omicron variant of all vaccines at V1 showed a significant decrease compared to the wild strain. We observed statistically significant differences in Tcm cells and RBD-specific memory B cells among various vaccines.

Discussion

BNT162b2 (mRNA vaccine) exhibits the highest antibody levels among the five vaccines evaluated, regardless of whether the target is the wild-type virus or its variants. However, its cellular immune response may be weaker compared to CONVIDECIA (adenovirus type 5 vector vaccine).
Early-onset intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy increased the incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Liu Yaodan , Liu Min , Liu Jinghua , Sheng Minmin , Hu Zhenxia , Zhang Xiaohong
Published: August 2024

Background

Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are two common pregnancy complications that pose considerable health challenges. The interplay between these conditions is believed to significantly influence pregnancy outcomes, yet the nature of this relationship remains elusive. This study was designed to elucidate the connection between ICP and GDM.

Methods

This retrospective cohort study included 742 singleton pregnancies delivered at the Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center from January 2015 to December 2023. We compared the incidence of GDM and pregnancy outcomes between multiple ICP subgroups and a control group of healthy pregnancies. A multivariate regression model was used to measure the independent association between ICP and propensity for GDM development, as well as to assess the impact of potential bidirectional effects between ICP and GDM.

Results

The results indicate that the incidence of GDM is highest in the early-onset ICP (diagnosed before the 24th week of gestation) group compared to the control group and other ICP subgroups. Early-onset ICP is an independent risk factor for the development of GDM, with other risk factors including age, history of abortion, family history of diabetes, and elevated ALT levels. Subgroup interaction analysis did not reveal heterogeneity in the influence of early-onset ICP on the development of GDM across different subgroups. Further analysis showed that GDM itself does not increase the risk of late-onset ICP. Additionally, when comparing pregnancy outcomes between GDM patients with or without ICP, those with both GDM and ICP had significantly higher rates of preterm birth, cesarean section, and small for gestational age (SGA) compared to patients with GDM alone. Furthermore, elevated TBA levels (first diagnosed) of early-onset ICP patients were associated with an increased risk of GDM in a nonlinear fashion.

Conclusion

Our study indicated that early-onset ICP is significantly linked to an increased risk of GDM. Further research is warranted to explore the mechanisms behind this association and to develop strategies for early identification and intervention to mitigate GDM risk.
Electromicrobiological concentration cells are an overlooked potential energy conservation mechanism for subsurface microorganisms
Authors: Marshall Ian P. G.
Published: August 2024

Thermodynamics has predicted many different kinds of microbial metabolism by determining which pairs of electron acceptors and donors will react to produce an exergonic reaction (a negative net change in Gibbs free energy). In energy-limited environments, such as the deep subsurface, such an approach can reveal the potential for unexpected or counter-intuitive energy sources for microbial metabolism. Up until recently, these thermodynamic calculations have been carried out with the assumption that chemical species appearing on the reactant and product side of a reaction formula have a constant concentration, and thus do not count towards net concentration changes and the overall direction of the reaction. This assumption is reasonable considering microorganisms are too small (~1 μm) for any significant differences in concentration to overcome diffusion. However, recent discoveries have demonstrated that the reductive and oxidative halves of reactions can be separated by much larger distances, from millimetres to centimetres via conductive filamentous bacteria, mineral conductivity, and biofilm conductivity. This means that the concentrations of reactants and products can indeed be different, and that concentration differences can contribute to the net negative change in Gibbs free energy. It even means that the same redox reaction, simultaneously running in forward and reverse, can drive energy conservation, in an ElectroMicrobiological Concentration Cell (EMCC). This paper presents a model to investigate this phenomenon and predict under which circumstances such concentration-driven metabolism might take place. The specific cases of oxygen concentration cells, sulfide concentration cells, and hydrogen concentration cells are examined in more detail.
Network disruption based on multi-modal EEG-MRI in α-synucleinopathies
Authors: Wang Chunyi , Hu Jiajia , Li Puyu , Zhang Ming , Zhou Liche , Luo Ningdi , Zhu Xue , Yin Qianyi , Zhong Min , Zhou Xinyi , Wei Hongjiang , Li Yuanyuan , Li Biao , Liu Jun
Published: August 2024

Background

Brain network dysfunction has been characterized by resting-state electroencephalography (EEG) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the prodromal stage. This study aimed to identify multi-modal electrophysiological and neuroimaging biomarkers for differential diagnosis in synucleinopathies and phenoconversion in isolated rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (iRBD).

Methods

We enrolled 35 patients with multiple system atrophy (MSA), 32 with Parkinson's disease (PD), 30 with iRBD and 30 matched healthy controls (HC). Power spectral density (PSD) was calculated in different frequency bands. EEG functional connectivity (FC) was calculated using the weighted Phase Lag Index (wPLI) after source localization. Significant network disruptions were further confirmed by MRI FC analysis.

Results

Quantitative EEG analysis demonstrated that delta and theta power spectral density significantly differed among MSA, PD and HC. The increased PSD was correlated with cognitive decline and olfactory dysfunction in PD. Band-specific FC profiles were observed in theta, alpha, and gamma bands. The hypoconnected alpha network significantly correlated with motor dysfunction, while the gamma FC distinguished PD from MSA. By integrating EEG and MRI network analyses, we found that FC between the olfactory cortex and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex was significantly different between MSA and PD. A multimodal discriminative model for MSA and PD, integrating spectral and FC attributes of EEG and MRI, yielded an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.900. Simultaneously, we found the FC abnormalities were more prominent than spectral features in iRBD indicating prodromal dysfunction. The decreased FC between the angular gyrus and striatum was identified in α-synucleinopathies. This hypoconnectivity was associated with dopaminergic degeneration in iRBD examined by dopamine transporter imaging.

Discussion

Our study demonstrated EEG spectral and functional profiles in prodromal and clinical-defined synucleinopathies. Multimodal EEG and MRI provided a novel approach to discriminate MSA and PD, and monitor neurodegenerative progression in the preclinical phase.
Enhancing brain tumor detection in MRI images using YOLO-NeuroBoost model
Authors: Chen Aruna , Lin Da , Gao Qiqi
Published: August 2024

Brain tumors are diseases characterized by abnormal cell growth within or around brain tissues, including various types such as benign and malignant tumors. However, there is currently a lack of early detection and precise localization of brain tumors in MRI images, posing challenges to diagnosis and treatment. In this context, achieving accurate target detection of brain tumors in MRI images becomes particularly important as it can improve the timeliness of diagnosis and the effectiveness of treatment. To address this challenge, we propose a novel approach–the YOLO-NeuroBoost model. This model combines the improved YOLOv8 algorithm with several innovative techniques, including dynamic convolution KernelWarehouse, attention mechanism CBAM (Convolutional Block Attention Module), and Inner-GIoU loss function. Our experimental results demonstrate that our method achieves mAP scores of 99.48 and 97.71 on the Br35H dataset and the open-source Roboflow dataset, respectively, indicating the high accuracy and efficiency of this method in detecting brain tumors in MRI images. This research holds significant importance for improving early diagnosis and treatment of brain tumors and provides new possibilities for the development of the medical image analysis field.