bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Degradation of 2,4-dinitrotoluene from aqueous solutions by three-dimensional electro-Fenton with magnetic activated carbon particle electrodes (GAC/Fe3O4)
Authors: Vosoughi Mehdi , Sadeghi Hadi , Fazlzadeh Mehdi , Askari Roya , Dargahi Abdollah , Poureshgh Yousef
Published: August 2024

2,4-Dinitrotoluene (2,4-DNT) is a broadly applied nitroaromatic compound with multiple applications, and its simple production has resulted in its extensive utilization in producing explosives, dyes, and rubber. This substance is hazardous and induces genetic mutations in humans, fish, and microorganisms. Thus, this research was done to assess the effectiveness of the three-dimensional electro-Fenton (3D/EF) process employing magnetic activated carbon particle electrodes (GAC/Fe3O4) in eliminating 2,4-dinitrotoluene from water-based solutions. In this experimental investigation, Fe3O4 nanoparticles were created using the chemical co-precipitation technique. The G/β-PbO2 anode was fabricated by electrochemically depositing PbO2 layers on graphite sheets. G/β-PbO2 and stainless steel were utilized as the anode and cathode, respectively. The structure, particle size, and properties of the GAC/Fe3O4 nanocomposite were analyzed using FESEM, XRD, and EDX. The morphology of the G/β-PbO2 electrode was also examined using SEM. The Taguchi experimental design method was employed to identify the optimal conditions. The outcomes demonstrated that higher reaction time and current density, as well as lower pH and pollutant concentration, resulted in improved 3D/EF efficiency. Accordingly, the optimum values of parmeters were identified to be a concentration of 2,4-DNT = 50 mg/L, pH = 3, electrolysis time = 100 min, and current density = 8 mA/cm2. With these parameters, the degradation efficiency of 2,4-DNT through the examined system was 98.42 %, alongside removal efficiencies of 84.69 % for COD and 79.67 % for TOC. Additionally, the results indicated an increase in the average oxidation state (AOS) (from 1.27 to 1.95) and carbon oxidation state (COS) (from 1.27 to 2.75) in the 3D/EF process, along with a decrease in the COD/TOC ratio (from 1.81 to 1.36), indicating the effectiveness of the 3D/EF system in enhancing the biodegradability of 2,4-DNT. Overall, the combined 3D/EF process with a G/β-PbO2 anode has relatively high efficiency in degrading solutions containing DNT and can be considered a viable treatment option for wastewater containing substances such as 2,4-DNT.
Perception of English semivowels by Japanese-speaking learners of English
Authors: Zhou Wei William , Nakayama Mineharu , Fujimori Atsushi
Published: August 2024

This study compared the perception of English semivowels /j/ and /w/ and their corresponding vowels /i/ and /u/ by two groups of Japanese-speaking learners of English: foreign language (FL) learners in Japan and second language learners who were initially FL learners (FL-L2). The phonological targets were /i/ and /u/ with and without preceding /j/ and /w/, respectively (/ji/-/i/ and /wu/-/u/). Discrimination and identification results showed that both groups performed comparably for /i/ with and without /j/, indicating their reliance on native phonological sensitivity to /i/ and /j/, which closely resemble Japanese /i/ and /j/. However, important differences emerged for /u/ with and without /w/, possibly due to articulatory differences in lip rounding for /u/ and /w/ between the two languages. Notably, while FL-L2 learners were equally competent in both the /u/-/wu/ and the /i/-/ji/ discriminations, FL learners were much less capable of the /u/-/wu/ discrimination than of the /i/-/ji/ discrimination. Moreover, FL-L2 learners were better at identifying /u/ than their FL peers, suggesting that L2 exposure may have facilitated their acquisition of the articulatory details associated with /u/. Overall, the study showed that engaging in L2 immersion following FL learning is beneficial for non-native phonological development among adult learners.
Nonlinearity-tolerant transmission using modified phase-conjugate twin wave for M-PSK signals
Authors: Tong Xiaogang , Huang Wei , Cao Weiwei , Zhang Junsheng , Zhang Xiaojuan , Zhou Haifeng , Liu Yangyang
Published: August 2024

Using modified phase-conjugate twin wave (M-PCTW) scheme, in which additional information bits are modulated one of the conjugated wave, is helpful to increase the spectral efficiency (SE) of the conventional PCTW scheme. In this paper, we show that the phase modulated formats, but not the conventional square QAM formats are more suitable to M-PCTW scheme. Results of 1600 km nonlinear transmission show that for polarization multiplexed (PM) 8-PSK format, performance improvement from M-PCTW is about 3.3 dB, while it is about 2.2 dB for PM 8-QAM formats. For PM 16-PSK (QAM) modulation, performance improvement from M-PCTW is about 3.4 dB and 1.6 dB, respectively.
How do L1 glosses affect EFL learners’ reading comprehension performance? An eye-tracking study
Authors: Huang Lingshan , Jiang Jingyang
Published: August 2024

This study employed eye-tracking technology to examine how English as a foreign language learners at different proficiency levels process L1-glossed words and how this processing relates to L2 reading comprehension. Forty-seven university students were divided into a higher-proficiency group (n = 23) and a lower-proficiency group (n = 24) based on their L2 proficiency. Both groups were asked to read an English passage with L1 (Chinese) glosses. Their eye movements were recorded with an eye-tracker as they read. After reading, they were immediately given a reading comprehension test. Analyses of the eye-tracking data showed that the higher-proficiency L2 learners spent more time on unfamiliar words than the lower-proficiency L2 learners. Furthermore, lower-proficiency L2 learners’ longer processing time on glossed unfamiliar words was related to their higher reading comprehension scores, whereas this relationship was not found in the higher-proficiency group. These results revealed that the contribution of L1 glosses to L2 reading comprehension performance varied across L2 learners’ proficiency levels. Our findings have important implications for second language instruction.
The crystal structure of 2-amino-N-(pyridin-2-yl)benzamide, C12H11N3O
Authors: Yuan Lin , Zou Long-Sheng , Chen Xiao-Ming
Published: August 2024

C12H11N3O, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 5.323(4) Å, b = 19.530(16) Å, c = 10.302(10) Å, β = 100.965(8)°, V = 1051.4(15) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0314, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0871, T = 296(2) K.
Effects of normal strain on pyramidal I and II 〈c + a〉 screw dislocation mobility and structure in single-crystal magnesium
Authors: Oyinbo Sunday Temitope , Matsumoto Ryosuke
Published: August 2024

In this study, atomistic simulations were used to analyze the effects of nonglide stress and temperature on the mobility and structure of pyramidal-I (Pyr-I) and pyramidal-II (Pyr-II) 〈c + a〉 screw dislocations in single-crystal Mg. At a very low temperature (10 K), the pyramidal screw dislocations stably exist on Pyr-II planes and tend to glide on Pyr-I planes. The critical resolved shear stresses (CRSSes) of the pyramidal screw dislocations depend on the migration direction. Once a Pyr-II dislocation is transformed into a stuck core, a very high shear stress (243 and 391 MPa) is required to escape from the immobilized structure. Furthermore, their CRSSes increase with increasing compressive strain and decrease with increasing tensile strain normal to the slip planes. At the intermediate temperature range of 200 K ≤ T ≤ 400 K, the CRSSes of Pyr-I screw dislocations are weakly affected, whereas those of Pyr-II screw dislocations drastically decrease. Thus, both Pyr-I and Pyr-II screw dislocations have similar CRSS values at 400 K. At a higher temperature (500 K), Pyr-I screw dislocations frequently emit basal-

〈

a

〉

\langle a\rangle

dislocation loops, and the remained dislocations are momentarily immobilized. The basal-

〈

a

〉

\langle a\rangle

dislocation loops emitted from the 〈c + a〉 dislocations are quickly retracted, and the core structure is recovered as the shear deformation continues. This phenomenon can reduce the mobility of Pyr-I 〈c + a〉 screw dislocations at a higher temperature. The emission of basal-

〈

a

〉

\langle a\rangle

dislocation loops is enhanced under compression.
Effects of YM087 and VPA985 on the T237M mutant receptor functionality in nephrogenic diabetes insipidus
Authors: Avcu Elif Merve , Erdem Tuncdemir Beril , Saglar Ozer Emel
Published: August 2024

Objectives

Mutations detected in the AVPR2 gene (arginine vasopressin type 2 receptor) are known to cause nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI). Several pharmacological chaperones (PCs) target misfolded AVPR2 proteins and rescue them from the quality control system of the cell. In this study, we investigated the effect of YM087 and VPA985, which are PCs, on T273M-AVPR2 mutant that are known to cause NDI.

Methods

The total and cell surface expressions of T273M in COS-1 cells were measured by sandwich ELISA and flow cytometry after the cells were treated with YM087 and VPA985 separately. In addition, the cAMP accumulation assay was performed.

Results

It was observed that VPA985 treatment significantly increased the cell surface expression and slightly increased the maximum cAMP response of T273M. Both YM087 and VPA985 decreased the ligand concentrations which were responsible for making half of the maximum response of the T273M mutant receptor.

Conclusions

PCs have different potential effects on different AVPR2 mutants. Therefore, studying the effectiveness of PCs in rescuing AVPR2 mutants and making them functional again may contribute to the development of new therapeutic strategies.
The Importance of Racially and Ethnically Inclusive Gait Speed Reference Values in Individuals 90 Years and Older: LifeAfter90
Authors: Colcord Katherine A. , Gilsanz Paola , George Kristen M. , Kawas Claudia H. , Jiang Luohua , Whitmer Rachel A. , Corrada María M.
Published: August 2024

Background and Purpose:

Clinicians use reference values to contextualize physical performance scores, but data are sparse in individuals 90 years and older and racial/ethnic diversity is limited in existing studies. Gait speed provides valuable information about an individual’s health status. Slow gait speed is associated with falls, cognitive decline, and mortality. Here, we report gait speed reference values in a racially/ethnically diverse oldest-old cohort.

Methods:

LifeAfter90 is a multiethnic cohort study of individuals 90 years and older. Participants are long-term members of an integrated healthcare delivery system without a dementia diagnosis at enrollment. We assessed gait speed using the 4-m walk test and calculated means, standard deviations, and percentiles by age, sex, assistive device use, and device type. We used linear regression to compare means by sex, age, device use and type, living situation and arrangement, and race/ethnicity.

Results and Discussion:

The mean age of the 502 participants was 92.9 (range 90.1–102.8) years. Of these, 62.6% were women, 34.7% were college educated, 90.8% lived in a private residence, 20.9% self-reported as Asian, 22.5% as Black, 11.8% as Hispanic, 35.7% as White, and 9.2% as multiple, “other,” or declined to state. The overall mean gait speed was 0.54 m/s (women = 0.51 m/s, men = 0.58 m/s). Mean gait speeds were 0.58 m/s, 0.53 m/s, and 0.48 m/s in the 90 to 91, 92 to 93, and 94+ age categories, respectively. In those without a device, mean gait speed was 0.63 m/s compared to 0.40 m/s in those with a device (cane = 0.44 m/s, walker = 0.37 m/s). Mean gait speed was significantly slower in women compared to men, age category 94+ compared to 90 to 91, participants with a device compared to those without, participants with a walker compared to a cane, and Black participants compared to Asian and White participants. However, differences by race/ethnicity were attenuated when chronic health conditions were considered.

Conclusions:

Reference values developed from this multiethnic 90+ cohort will help clinicians interpret gait speed measures and tailor recommendations toward a 90+ population that is growing in number and in racial/ethnic diversity.
Development of a Three-Dimensional Visual Simulation Test and Experiment on Water Inrush Evolution in the Floor Area
Authors: Zhang Shichuan , Song Shilong , Li Yangyang , Zhang Buchu , Han Xuexian
Published: August 2024

The catastrophic evolution of damage fractures and seepage in surrounding rocks under coupled actions significantly impacts the safety of rock mass engineering, such as mining and tunnel construction. To address this, we developed a test platform to observe the spatiotemporal evolution of water inrush from the floor of a mining coal seam. The platform comprises a test bench, servo loading system, water pressure control system, flexible loading system, and intelligent monitoring system. This setup enables flexible loading during overlying rock movement, conducts three-dimensional simulation tests on mining water inrush solid-flow coupling, simulates various crustal stresses, quantitatively monitors water inrush flow and pressure in specific floor areas in real time, and observes the entire process of water inrush crack formation. Using this system and nonhydrophilic similar simulation materials, we conducted experimental simulations on pressurized water inrush in the floor after coal seam mining. We analyzed the visual fracture development process of the floor, the distribution characteristics of water gushing flow in the floor area, and the sudden changes in instant water inrush and stress variation law of the water-resisting layer in the floor. The test results vividly illustrate the catastrophic process of water inrush in the coal seam floor. Our study reveals that, under the combined effects of water, rocks, and stresses, coal mine floor crack expansion exhibits periodic changes. The flow sensor demonstrates a noticeable upward trend during floor crack group expansion, allowing for early warning before water inrush disasters occur by leveraging changes in physical parameters such as flow rates and water pressures. This platform offers a novel and vital tool for addressing rock mechanics challenges in coal mining and for experimental research and testing of mine water inrush mechanisms, prevention, and control.
Thermo-mechanical Calibration of a Temperature-Controlled Oedometer
Authors: Kirkham Andrew , Tsiampousi Aikaterini , Potts David M.
Published: August 2024

In the emerging field of energy geotechnics, many applications involve changes of temperature above and below ambient temperature. This has led to the development of laboratory apparatus to enable the study of soil behavior under various temperature ranges and under well-controlled conditions. To understand the effect of temperature on soil behavior, it is necessary to separate the thermal behavior of the apparatus itself and of the instrumentation used to measure loads and displacements from the soil behavior, i.e., a careful calibration of the equipment is required. The thermal calibration of an oedometer with temperature control in the range of 5°C–70°C is discussed here in detail. As the innovative design of the new oedometer enables isotropic heating of the soil specimen and thermal isolation of the instrumentation, the calibration focuses on the thermally induced deformations of the apparatus and the differential radial thermally induced deformation of the soil and of the stainless steel confining ring. Although the developed methodology has limitations when used to predict the results of one-dimensional tests, as do previously proposed methodologies, it represents improvements on previous schemes, as it allows for Poisson’s ratio effects to be taken into account. An example of how the proposed calibration can be used in practice and how the confining ring correction compares with previous schemes is presented.
CoFe bimetallic phosphide fabricated by topological transformation strategy for efficient electrooxidation of benzyl alcohol
Authors:   College of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metals and Materials, Ministry of Education, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China, Liu J. Y. , Liu H. J. ,   College of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metals and Materials, Ministry of Education, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China, Xu Y. Q. ,   College of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metals and Materials, Ministry of Education, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China, Wang H. ,   College of Physics and Technology, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China, Wang L. J. ,   College of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metals and Materials, Ministry of Education, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
Published: August 2024

Rational design of effective non-precious metallic electrocatalysts is crucial for electrooxidation of benzyl alcohol (BA) producing benzoic acid (BAC). Herein, CoFe bimetallic phosphide (CoFeP-m) with bimetallic synergy, fully exposed active sites, and fast charge transfer was fabricated by topological transformation of CoFe-LDH for the efficient electrooxidation of BA to BAC under mild condition. Under the optimal conditions of starting voltage of 0.7 V vs. Ag/AgCl at 25oC, CoFeP-300 achieved 97.71% transformation of BA and 97.84% BAC's selectivity for 8 h. In addition, CoFeP-300 showed excellent stability which maintained 95.89% transform into BA and 95.37% BAC's selectivity at the sixth cycle.
A comparative DFT assessment of the mechanical, elastic, electronic, and optical parametric study of perovskites CsPbX3 for opto-electronic applications
Authors:   Department of Physics and Mathematics, Faculty of Sciences, Superior University, Lahore – 54000, Pakistan, Junaid Zaidi S. M. , Sana Ullah Sahar M. ,   Department of Mechanical, Industrial, and Energy Systems, University of Sargodha, Sargodha – 40100, Pakistan, Ijaz Khan M. ,   Institute of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Khwaja Fareed UEIT, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan, Ali Hafiz T. ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Taif University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Khalid M. ,   School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an - 710049, China, Shahid M. ,   Institute of Mechanics of Materials, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universität Str. 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
Published: August 2024

Perovskites, specifically CsPbX3 (X= F, Cl, Br, I), are gaining attention for their remarkable optoelectronic features, suitable for applications like solar cells, LEDs, and photodetectors. Utilizing Density Functional Theory (DFT), this study explores CsPbX3's electronic, mechanical, and optical properties. CsPbI3 and CsPbBr3 exhibit ideal electronic traits with a large band gap and excellent optical features, making them optimal for solar cells and LEDs. CsPbF3 stands out for superior mechanical properties, ideal for applications like scintillators. Overall, CsPbI3 and CsPbBr3 excel in electronic and optical aspects, while CsPbF3 is mechanically robust.
Sociodemographic Factors Affecting Diabetic Dietary Behavior in People with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Rondhianto Rondhianto , Ridla Akhmad Zainur , Hasan Hafifah
Published: August 2024

Dietary behavior is one of the components of self-care that is difficult for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) to perform. The study aimed to determine the sociodemographic factors that influence the dietary behavior of people with T2DM. The study method is an analytic observational study with a cross-sectional design. The subjects of this study were people with T2DM in Jember Regency, with a sample size was 130 respondents using a multistage random sampling technique. This study had two variables: dietary behavior as a dependent variable, measured using Self-Management Dietary Behavior Questionnaire (SMDBQ, and sociodemographic factors (age, gender, marital status, income level, education level, ethnicity, and family type) as an independent variable measured using a sociodemographic questionnaire. Data were analyzed using a multiple logistic regression test (α = 0.05). The results of the study showed that most of the respondents were  55 – 65 years old (51.5%), female (71.5%), married (85.4%), a primary education level (50.8%), low-income level (73.1%), Madurese (54.6%), and nuclear family type (37.7%). Most of the respondents had dietary behavior in the medium category (66.9%), and the sociodemographic factors that influenced diabetes diet behavior were education level (p = 0.001) and family type (p = 0.001) with R2 = 0.241. Efforts to improve self-care regarding adherence to diabetes diet behavior must pay attention to sociodemographic factors to prevent complications and improve the quality of life of people with T2DM.
Kencur Supplementation for Attenuating Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage and Delayed-Onset Muscle Soreness
Authors: Irawan Roy Januardi , Sulistyarto Soni , Rimawati Nanda
Published: August 2024

Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness (DOMS) is a pain that occurs after uncustomized eccentric exercise and can happen to anyone, both those who are athletes and other individuals. DOMS is usually felt 24-72 hours after exercise or activities that use eccentric movements, which interfere with the athlete’s training activities and other individuals’ daily activities. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of kencur extract supplementation (kaempferia galanga linn) on DOMS and creatine kinase (CK) plasma levels after eccentric exercise. This research is quasi-experimental, using a randomized control group design as the design in this study. Research subjects (n = 28) were randomly divided into 2 groups, namely the kencur extract group (200 mg/day) and the placebo group (corn flour). The supplementation process in both groups was carried out for 5 days (3 days before and 2 days after) the eccentric exercise. DOMS pain (VAS) and blood samples (CK plasma) were taken 24 hours (pre) and 48 hours (post) after eccentric exercise. The destructive drill uses the 5 x 20 Eccentric depth jump drill. The data obtained in the form of changes in DOMS pain and CK plasma were then analyzed using ANOVA with sig. 0.005. Supplementation of galingale extract was effective in reducing DOMS pain with p = 0.008 (0.05) and CK plasma value p = 0.000 (0.05) compared to placebo after eccentric exercise. Supplementation of galingale extract (Kaempferia Galanga Linn) for 5 days is effective as an effort to reduce the risk of DOMS pain sensation and reduce the increase in muscle damage with CK as a marker after eccentric exercise.
Improving Pandemic Integrated Care Using Digital Technology for Health Care Organisation: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Eryando Tris , Afrizal Sandra Hakiem
Published: August 2024

Study for exploring the pandemic integrated care through the implementation of health information system using digital technology is very limited. Thus, the research findings provide genuine information regarding the system integration assessment for the regulators and provide an integrated COVID-19 as the system design sample as a robust solution. The authors evaluated the implementation of the current COVID-19 information system to explore and describe the barriers and challenges from the perspective of the COVID-19 Task Force Team of the South Tangerang District, Indonesia and to propose an effective design of COVID-19 functional integrated system. A qualitative form of research was conducted in the South Tangerang District during May 2020. The area was selected as it was the only red zone in Banten Province during the Coronavirus pandemic in Indonesia. In-depth interviews were applied to explore the barriers during the implementation of functional integrated system for the COVID-19 pandemic. Three (3) themes of barriers were identified as involved in functional integration through the implementation of the COVID-19 information system, namely individual behavior, data governance in the organisation, and communication and networks.
Association Between Adolescents Perceived for Behaviour In Accessing Mental Health Services
Authors: Isni Khoiriyah , Nisa Khairan , Nurfatona Winda Yulia , Santri Ichtiarini Nurullita
Published: August 2024

The government of Indonesia provides programs to make it easier for adolescents to access mental health services. Adolescents are very vulnerable to mental and emotional health disorders, but there is low coverage of mental health services in primary health care. This study uses the theory of health belief models to examine how adolescents perceive having access to mental health services. This study used a cross-sectional design for 55 unmarried adolescents (15-24 years old) in Yogyakarta with a total sampling technique. Most adolescents (83.6%) perceive many barriers to accessing mental health services, so their self-efficacy becomes low (53.7%). Nevertheless, they have cues to act reasonably well (58.2%). Adolescents who perceive barriers (p-value = 0.007) and cues to action (p-value = 0.031) have a significant relationship with the behaviour of accessing mental health services. Meanwhile, perceived susceptibility (p-value = 0.909), perceived severity (p-value = 0.420), perceived benefits (p-value = 0.980), and self-efficacy (p-value = 1,000) did not have a significant relationship. The findings demonstrated that adolescents have sound cues to action in accessing mental health services, but low self-efficacy is thought to be the barrier.
Effectiveness of Short Message Service Reminder and Counseling of Immunization for Age 18-24 Months
Authors: Prihanti Gita Sekar , Hasna Alifah , Wijayanti Cici Cahya , Axpreydasta Egin Fergian , An Nafi' Eki Yazid , Tikha Fidya Ainun , Maisuri Jeliny Bintan , Khusna Nailil , Ningrum Sri Setya Wahyu
Published: August 2024

Indonesia now ranks fourth in the world in terms of the largest number of unimmunized children. SMS (Short Message Service) reminders and counseling have been shown to increase outreach, but no research has combined these two interventions. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of SMS Reminder and Counseling on the knowledge, attitude, and willingness of mothers under five and to find out the factors that influence this willingness. This study used the one-group method, pretest, and posttest design. The samples were 186 children under five (18-24 months) who felt incomplete and mothers who had children under five (control and intervention groups). The Chi-Square test shows significant results during the post-test (p 0.05). The Mc-Nemar test shows the influence of counseling and SMS Reminders on increasing knowledge, attitudes, and willingness (p = 0,000). The logistic regression test shows the factors that affect the advanced immunization of under two years child, that was sufficient knowledge (ρ = 0,000; OR = 13,384; CI = 5,986-29,926). SMS Reminders and counseling affect parents’ knowledge, attitudes, and willingness. Factors affecting parental willingness to continue immunization are adequate knowledge. Collaboration between officials and health agencies, the community, and cellular operators is needed to implement the training of health workers.
Prevalence and Determinants of the Double Burden of Malnutrition at Household Level: A Systematic Review
Authors: Sufyan Dian Luthfiana , Soe Le Thandar , Hasan Syah Muhammad Nur , Wahyuningsih Utami , Marjan Avliya Quratul , Noor Sutamara Lasurdi
Published: August 2024

The persistent problem of undernutrition and the emerging prevalence of overnutrition hints at a new term for the double burden of malnutrition among children globally. This study aims to provide a review of the published studies concerning the prevalence of double burden of malnutrition at the household level and the associated factors. Articles were identified from the electronic databases of PubMed, Nature, SAGE, Scopus, and SpringerLink, using the same search terms for all. A total of fourteen articles were eligible and sixteen sets of prevalence values were obtained. Most articles were published in 2018 – 2020. Fourteen articles used secondary data from the Demographic and Health Survey. Most articles studied under five children and mothers 15-49 years. Mother’s nutritional status was identified using BMI, while for children height for age z-score was commonly used. The reported prevalence of double burden at the household level varied from 1.0 to 28.0% by country. Frequently assessed factors observed that older children and older mothers were likely to develop a household double burden of malnutrition. A negative association was found when households possessed access to mass media. Overall, the media should have been channels for health promotion. Intervention concerning the nutrition of mothers and children at the household level is required to be intensified through nutrition-specific and nutrition-sensitive programs.
Influential Factors on Maternal Self-Efficacy in Exclusive Breastfeeding Among Tengger Tribe Toddlers
Authors: Muniroh Lailatul , Sulistyorini Yuly , Abihail Chrysoprase Thasya
Published: August 2024

Exclusive breastfeeding is the action in which the infant only receives breast milk without any additional food or drink including water. In 2022, coverage of exclusive breastfeeding in Indonesia and East Java respectively is 72.04%. However, the coverage of exclusive breastfeeding in the Tengger Tribe is still low, only 38%. This study aims to determine what factors that influenced exclusive breastfeeding self-efficacy practices in toddlers in the Tengger Tribe. This research is an analytic observational study with a cross-sectional study design targeting mothers with children aged 6-24 months in Wonokitri Village, Tosari District, Pasuruan Regency. The research was conducted in April-August 2022. Data analysis used univariate and bivariate analysis using the chi-square test. Most of the respondents were aged 20-34 years (78.9%), mothers had a good level of knowledge (70.2%), fathers and mothers had low levels of education (71.9%), worked as farmers (86%; 61.4%), income UMK (78.9%), children aged 13-24 months (68.4%), male (56.1%), 1st child (38.6%), no cultural influences during childbirth, breastfeeding, and toddlers (93%, 56.1%, 52.6%) and good family support (68.4%). Most mothers have sufficient self-efficacy (52.6%). From the bivariate results, there was no relationship between internal and external factors and the mother’s self-efficacy in exclusive breastfeeding except for the order of the children (p = 0.004). Order of children was the factor associated with the mother’s self-efficacy in exclusive breastfeeding to toddlers in the Tengger Tribe. However, it’s vital to carry out a more in-depth investigation of the internal and external factors that have already been researched in this study.
Effectiveness of Ricinus communis as Natural Larvicide for Aedes aegypti Mosquito Larvae in Medan City
Authors: Chahaya Indra , Tumanggor Winni R.E. , Gultom Evi Depiana
Published: August 2024

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever, a disease caused by Aedes aegypti, can be prevented by reducing larval density using natural larvicides. This research aimed to investigate the natural larvicide effectiveness in reducing the Aedes aegypti larvae density in Medan City in 2023. This quasi-experimental research conducted a pre-test and post-test on the Container Index (CI). The population in this study was 1,057 houses in Ladang Bambu Village, the sample being 150 houses. The treatments were control and Ricinus communis-seed powder at 40 mg, 80 mg, 100 mg, and 120 mg/l doses in ovitraps, placed next to the water reservoir. Consider specifying the unit of measurement for the container index. The container index was calculated before (day 0) and after treatment (day 7). Data were analyzed using paired T-test, one-way ANOVA, and LSD. The results were that the modified ovitrap with the seed of Ricinus communis was effective in reducing the Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae density. The analysis showed a significant difference in the mean CI between the control and the modified ovitrap, the most effective dose in reducing CI being 100 mg/l of water. The community can use the 100 mg/l seed of Ricinus communis in ovitraps as an eco-friendly vector control.
Confidential Transaction Balance Verification by the Net Using Non-Interactive Zero-Knowledge Proofs
Authors: Kilčiauskas Aušrys , Bendoraitis Antanas , Sakalauskas Eligijus
Published: August 2024

One of the main trends for the monitoring and control of business processes is to implement these processes via private blockchain systems. These systems must ensure data privacy and verifiability for the entire network here denoted by ‘Net’. In addition, every business activity should be declared to a trusted third party (TTP), such as an Audit Authority (AA), for tax declaration and collection purposes.
We present a solution for a confidential and verifiable realization of transactions based on the Unspent Transaction Output (UTxO) paradigm. This means that the total sum of transaction inputs (incomes) $In$ must be equal to the total sum of transaction outputs (expenses) $Ex$, satisfying the balance equation $In=Ex$. Privacy in a private blockchain must be achieved through the encryption of actual transaction values. However, it is crucial that all participants in the network be able to verify the validity of the transaction balance equation. This poses a challenge with probabilistically encrypted data. Moreover, the inputs and outputs are encrypted with different public keys. With the introduction of the AA, the number of different public keys for encryption can be reduced to two. Incomes are encrypted with the Receiver’s public key and expenses with the AA’s public key.
The novelty of our realization lies in taking additively-multiplicative, homomorphic ElGamal encryption and integrating it with a proposed paradigm of modified Schnorr identification providing a non-interactive zero-knowledge proof (NIZKP) using a cryptographically secure h-function. Introducing the AA as a structural element in a blockchain system based on the UTxO enables effective verification of encrypted transaction data for the Net. This is possible because the proposed NIZKP is able to prove the equivalency of two ciphertexts encrypted with two different public keys and different actors.
This integration allows all users on the Net to check the UTxO-based transaction balance equation on encrypted data. The security considerations of the proposed solution are presented.
„Knygos nobažnystės krikščioniškos“ (1653) pirmojo leidimo klausimu
Authors: Tumelis J.
Published: August 2024

„Knyga nobažnystės krikščioniškos“ („Das Buch der christlichen Frömmigkeit“, Kėdainiai, 1653) ist ein wertvolles Denkmal des altlitauischen Schrifttums. Dieses Buch kann man in vier Teile einteilen: Gesangbuch, Postille, Gebetbuch und Katechismus. Auf dem Titelblatt der uns bekannten Exemplare ist zu lesen: „und jetzt zum zweiten Male herausgegeben mit dem Anhang einiger Gesänge, Evangelien..., wie auch mit dem Anhang einiger Gebete“. Der beste Kenner des altlitauischen Schrifttums V. Biržiška hat die erste Auflage dieses Buches verneint, weil er über kein Exemplar verfügte. Seiner Meinung nach, war die vermeintliche erste Auflage dieses Buches das von M. Petkevičius herausgegebene „Polski z Litewskim Katechism“ (Vilnius, 1598), weil aus dieser Ausgabe einige Texte ins KNK übertragen sind. Andere Forscher (A. Bezzenberger, G. Gerullis, E. Hermann) betrachteten ein Stück des Gesangbuches das in der Wallenrodiana zu Königsberg bewahrt war, als Fragment der ersten Auflage. V. Biržiška dagegen betrachtete dieses Bruchstück als einen Korrekturbogen der zweiten Auflage des KNK. In der Bibliothek des Institutes für litauische Sprache und Literatur an der Akademie der Wissenschaften Litauens hat der Verfasser (im Jahre 1965) noch ein Fragment des KNK – den Teil, der den Titel „Maldos krikščioniškos“ („Christliche Gebete“, Kėdainiai, 1653) trägt,– entdeckt. Die Vergleichung gibt keinen Grund zur Folgerung, daß auch dieses Bruchstück nur ein Korrekturbogen ist, weil die Titelblätter sich voneinander unterscheiden, und im entdeckten Exemplar drei Gebete fehlen (auf dem Titelblatt der zweiten Auflage ist angemerkt: „mit dem Anhang einiger Gebete“). Deshalb kann man nicht den Schluß ziehen, daß das jetzt verschollene Königsberger Fragment ein Korrekturbogen ist. Die erwähnten Worte auf dem Titelblatt lassen denken, daß schon früher sowohl die Postille als auch der Katechismus erschienen sind. Auf Grund von Archivalien und anderen historischen Angaben über das Erscheinungsdatum dieses Denkmals, kann man hypothetisch auch über die Ursachen und Umständen, unter welchen zwei Auflagen in so kurzer Zeitfolge (1652/53) erschienen sind, schließen. Möglicherweise sind diese beiden Fragmente nur ein Ergebnis eines mißlungenen Versuches, der keine Verbreitung gefunden hat. Aber das ist schon ein Beweis dafür, daß in Kėdainiai das KNK zweimal gedruckt wurde. Der erste Frühdruck dieses Buches ist eine unstreitbare Tatsache in der Geschichte des altlitauischen Schrifttums.
M.T. Cicerono veikalų leidimas XVI–XVIII a. Lietuvoje
Authors: Tijūnėlytė J.
Published: August 2024

Издания трудов выдающегося римского писателя I века до н. э. Mарка Тулия Цицерона собирали и описывали многие библиографы, однако их сведения разбросаны в разных библиографиях и не дают полной характеристики их издания. Ссылаясь на ранние данные библиографов и их сохранившиеся издания произведений Цицерона в Вильнюсском университете и в других библиотеках, все данные о его произведениях XVI–XVIII вв. собраны в одном месте.Установлено, что все произведения М.Т. Цицерона XVI–XVIII вв. издавались на латинском и польском языках и большинство их было cнабжено комментариями, ибо предназначались для учащейся молодежи в Литве.Установлено, что меньше всего трудов Цицерона издано в XVI в. (лишь 3 издания). Это объясняется малочисленностью школ в это время и тем, что только во второй половине XVI века здесь начато интенсивное книгопечатание. В XVII в. в Литве открыто больше школ – издано 8 изданий, а в XVIII веке издано еще больше – 19 изданий.Немалое кoличество изданных трудов М.Т. Цицерона в XVI–XVIII вв. имеется в научных библиотеках Литвы. Это свидетельствует о популярности произведений М.Т. Цицерона в Литве в XVI–XVIII вв. и о роли, которую сыграли его труды при изучении в школах Литвы латинского языка.
Lietuvos komjaunimo spaudos vaidmuo, auklėjant Lietuvos darbo jaunimą proletarinio internacionalizmo dvasia (1920–1940.VI)
Authors: Zaveckienė Ž.
Published: August 2024

В статье исследуется вопрос, как и какими способами КСМ Литвы воспитывал рабочую молодежь в духе пролетарского интернационализма, показана проделанная печатью работа по пропаганде идей единства и дружбы трудящихся всех национальностей. Это наиболее ярко выражалось в материалах, посвященных международным праздникам пролетариата, фактам проявления солидарности молодежи Литвы с молодежью СССР и др. стран, борьбе за укрепление независимости Литвы. Не менее важный материал публиковался в комсомольской печати против буржуазного национализма. В статье делaется вывод, что печать КСМ Литвы, являясь глубоко интернациональной, помогала сплачивать пролетарскую молодежь Литвы всех национальностей на борьбу за свержение капитализма.
Jaunųjų skaitytojų interesų tyrimas Vilniaus viešojoje A. Mickevičiaus bibliotekoje
Authors: Čipkienė A.
Published: August 2024

В настоящее время, когда больщинство библиотек предоставило свои фонды свободному доступу читателей, руководить чтением стало значительно труднее. На первый план выступает изучение и формирование читательских интересов. Трудно изучить интересы всех категорий читателей. Лучший путь к этому – целеустремленная работа с одной из групп читателей.В статье затронуты те принципы и методы, руководствуясь которыми в библиотеке им. А. Мицкевича было начато изучение интересов молодых читателей. Практика показала, что большое внимание следует обратить на читателей в возрасте 16–22 лет, которые не имеют среднего образования, работают и нигде не учатся. Была организована группа из 100 читателей по следующим признакам: а) образование до 8 кл.; б) активное посещение библиотеки; в) читатели разных специальностей. Основная цель в работе с молодежью этой группы – выяснить и сформировать их интересы, расширить их кругозор, особое внимание обратить на производственную квалификацию и по возможности направить на учебу.Работу пришлось начать с анкеты, явившейся своего рода беседой с читателем. Анкета состояла из 12 вопросов, на которые ответило 76% читателей этой группы. Полученные ответы на вопросы анкеты дали начало выявлению интересов читателей, с помощью таких методов, как беседы, наблюдения, анализ документов и др., создались условия для выяснения интересов этой группы читателей по отдельным темам. Выяснились также любимые и понятные для этой группы читателей авторы книг.Можно сделать вывод, что такой путь правилен, так как дальнейшая работа по руководству чтением читателей, расширению их кругозора, воспитанию культуры чтения была невозможна без направляющей системы изучения интересов. В будущем изучение и воспитание интересов всех категорий читателей остается в порядке для всей нашей работы.
Periodikos pradžia Lietuvoje
Authors: Petrauskienė Irena
Published: August 2024

The periodicals in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania emerged as a product of the expanding ties among the countries and the arising need for information. In the history of periodicals in Lithuania as also in other countries there have been two clearly distinguishable stages: first – publishing of calendars and the later of newspapers. As an initiator in this field appears the printing press of the Academy of Vilnius.From 1737 (according 10 autobiographic data even from 1735) till 1741 calendars were published by I. Poshakovskis, from 1758 – by F. Paprockis. They both cardinally changed the contents of the calendars, rejecting the accepted at that time prognostics and even ridiculing them. Calendars received by them a topical historical-political character. Besides the usual calendar information, the editors inserted bits of astronomical, historical, geographical information and news about various events. In addition to that F. Paprockis published scientific papers, official documents, enactments of the parliament (sseim). The calendars paved the way to the newspapers, fostered the reading habits and the need for a more operative information.At the beginning of 1760 (19th of April) there appeared the first issue of the first newspaper “The Lithuanian Courier” (Kuryer Litewski) and “The Literary Records” (Wiadomości literackie), and a year later – “The Gazette of Vilnius” (Gazety Wilenskie). Besides these 1760–1763 there were published as supplements to them: “The Foreign New” (Wiadomosci cudzoziemskie) and from 1761 “The Supplements to the Gazette of Vilnius” (Supplement do Gazet Wilenskich). From 1764 were published only the “Gazette of Vilnius” and the supplements to it, which were published also after closing in Lithuania of the Jesuite Order.The newspapers were a new type of the literary production, they attracted readers by their periodic character ant the freshness of information they contained. Much space in them occupied foreign news, but some place has been allotted to the local materials, which are now of great help by the restoring the historic background of those times, by fixing the events happened in the country and is therefore of a considerable cognitive value. Through articles on various fields of knowledge the newspapers of the Academy deserve a high appraisal as popularizers of scientific knowledge. The ideological trend of these periodicals was determined by the interests of the Jesuite Order and the ruling circles of the society.
Lenkijos bibliotekų rankraštynų darbo bruožai
Authors: Skrodenis Stasys
Published: August 2024

Almost in all the large libraries of Polish People’s Republic there are departments of manuscripts, in which treasures of culture of Poland and all over the world have been accumulated. The manuscripts belong to special collections which are worked up by their own principles and they fully answer the scientific purpose in the libraries.Polish libraries and the State Archives made an attempt in the type of manuscripts acquisition: all the material of state institutions and establishments have custody of records in the State Archives. The material of personal origin is kept in the libraries. There seems to be no precise limit and rather large deviation is possible particularly among ancient manuscripts.Archivists of the libraries pay great attention to processing,– making inventory and catalogues. All this speeds up the information and broadens it boundaries.Almost all the libraries publish scientific works. The microfilming of manuscripts is being done with heightened speed. The Station of Microfilms in Warsawa’s National library is ingaged in this work.Conservation and restoration of the unique material has been done on particularly scientific principles. The scientific principle has been emphasized by the work of the Laboratory of manuscripts conservation in the Central Archive of Ancient statements under the leadership of Dr Marina Husarska.Several scientific conferences on problems of restoration, conservation and preservation of paperware were held.
Ruloniniai mikrofilmai informaciniame darbe
Authors: Urbonas Viktoras
Published: August 2024

Various information – search systems are described in the article, namely, “Rapid Selector”, “File Search”, “MIRACODE”, “RADIR”, “CRIS”, “Search-OK”, “Search–OK–1”, “Search DV–1”, “Search-Quint”, “Microfilm Selector of a medium capacity”, “Microfilm Selector of a large capacity OPI-104”, “Search-5”, “FLIP”, “Rapid Access Look – up System” and the microfilm selector under the sign of “International Business Machines Corp.” (USA), which uses not an optical way for plooting search images of documents on a microfilm but marks them on a magnetic tape.The author comes to the conclusion that information – search systems of this kind are less promissing for libraries then those which are based on a microfiche.
Перспективы автоматизации процессов библиографического труда
Authors: Владимировас Левас
Published: August 2024

The automation of the bibliographic processes is one of the most urgent problems we have to face and to solve in the nearest future. The information explosion and the immense holdings of the libraries require a new technology to handle the float of information and printed matter. In the paper the possibilities and prospects of using computer for the above purpuse are analysed. Some foreign experience in using computer in improving bibliographic access and assisting the library user to obtain information are described. (MARC, MEDLARS and other projects). The first successful Soviet experiments to computerise the bibliographic processes are discusses. Particularely the experience in this field of the Allunion book chamber and of the Public Library for Science and Technology (Moscow). The first experiments in Lithuania in application of computer to handle the bibliographic data are described. As main and requisite condition for further progress in this field, besides the necessary computer “hard — and software”, the training of library personnel to handle the new technology is brought forward.
Iš Lietuvos KP spaudos leidimo Vokietijoje 1920–1933 metais istorijos
Authors: Zaveckienė Žiedūnė
Published: August 2024

The works of underground Lithuanian Party, the Young Communist Leaque and other revolutionary organizations were often publicated in Germany, especially in 1928–1933 years. The Lithuanian Communist’s press was printed in Köningsberg, Tilzit (Publishing house Mauderode), Berlin. There had been published about 100 books and brochure, 230 numbers of periodicals and many appeals in Lithuanian, Russian, German, Jewish.Representatives of Lithuanian Communist Party, German Communists and non-Party people W. Sshutz, M. Laborius, R. Nedermeyer, A. Schatat-Augat and many others had taken part in this difficult and dangerous work and later become victims of fashist terrorism. Publication of Lithuanian Communist’s works in Germany afford striking evidence of international solidarity and maintenance of revolutionary movement by working people in various countries.