bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SPTAN1-associated developmental and epileptic encephalopathy
Authors: Kozhanova T. V. , Zhilina S. S. , Meshcheryakova T. I. , Lukyanova E. G. , Bolshakova E. S. , Ayvazyan S. O. , Osipova K. V. , Vlasov P. A. , Krapivkin A. I. , Zavadenko N. N.
Published: September 2023

The article presents the clinical cases of 6 patients with epilepsy, psychomotor and speech developmental delay. The heterozygous variants of the nucleotide sequence in SPTAN1 gene were detected by whole exome sequencing. Mutations in SPTAN1 gene have been described in patients with developmental and epileptic encephalopathy 5 (ОMIM: 613477). The clinical history, electroencephalographic and magnetic resonance imaging data of our patients are similar in children with variants in SPTAN1 gene described previously. It was shown that variants in SPTAN1 gene located closer to the C-terminal region are associated with a more severe phenotype, whereas the variants near the N-region – with a milder course of the disease without structural brain anomalies. However, further research is necessary in the future to better understand genotype-phenotypic correlations in SPTAN1-associated encephalopathy.
The Effects of Heavy Metals and Molasses on Enzyme Activity of Candida Yeast
Authors: Başkan Gülşah , Açıkel Unsal
Published: September 2023

Lipases are mainly applied in the food, abluent and medicine industries. Through the high production costs of lipase enzymes for industrial applications, cheap and eco-friendly enzyme production has gained great importance in recent years. Yeasts can produce lipase enzyme and grow in acidic media. In the present study, the act of Cu2+, Ni2+ and molasses concentrations on the enzyme activity of Candida yeasts were investigated in a batch system. The maximum enzyme activities of microorganisms were determined at pH:4. Lipase enzyme activity was investigated changing metal ion and molasses sucrose concentrations by 25-250 mg/L and 1-20 g/L respectively. When molasses sucrose concentration was increased, the enzyme activity of all yeasts increased to 10 g/L, and the lipase enzyme activity decreased at the higher molasses concentrations. Enzyme activity of yeasts decreased with increasing both metal ion concentrations at constant molasses sucrose concentrations. Ni2+ cations were more inhibited to enzyme activity of all yeasts than Cu2+. Among the yeasts, Candida membranefeciens (936.96 U/L) showed the highest enzyme activity in media containing a constant molasses concentration of 10 g/L.
Forensic and forensic aspects of childhood traumatism as a result of domestic injuries and traffic accidents: A review
Authors: Tursunov Aidos B. , Galitskiy Frants A. , Begaliyev Yernar N. , Shakhanova Aizhan T. , Kurmangali Zhanar К.
Published: September 2023

Childhood injuries are a major cause of death and disability worldwide, particularly in low-, and middle-income countries. Recent data showed that about 5 million children die from injuries per year. About 1 million children under 18 years old die of injury and more than 2000 children die per day, of which child injuries account for 5.4% (265 000348 000) of child deaths annually worldwide. A detailed analysis of the epidemiology of childhood injuries can provide possible insights into their prevention and early intervention to reduce future disability due to childhood injuries.
In this review, the specificity of childhood body injuries in accidents and road traffic accidents and their qualitative differences from adult injuries were investigated, and current techniques for the detection, fixation, and recovery of childhood body trauma were reviewed through forensic investigation.
A literature search was conducted in the Pubmed, Scopus, Ebscohost, Medline, The Cochrane Library, SpringerLink, Web of Knowledge, Paragraph Medicine, and ScienceDirect databases to identify published studies for the last 20 years: from 1993 to 2023. Inclusion criteria were reports of randomized and cohort studies conducted on large populations, meta-analyses and systematic reviews, and articles in English, and Russian. Exclusion criteria were articles describing single cases and case series, published earlier than 1993, materials with no evidence base, abstracts of reports, abstracts, and newspaper articles. Out of 56 literature sources, 44 were selected as an analytical material for this article.
The literature review demonstrated that the absolute number of major childhood injuries has not declined over the past decade. Road traffic crashes remain the leading cause of injury and death in children. Adolescents are at greatest risk of serious injuries. Appropriate use of child restraints and safety equipment remains a key factor of the prevention. The adaptation of the urban environment is also a promising approach to child injury prevention among pedestrians and cyclists. As the social environment is a strong determinant of collisions, new road safety interventions must be implemented and evaluated with equity in mind to ensure safe roads for all.
Çok Anlamlılığın Zihin Dil İlişkisindeki Rolü Üzerine: Bilişsel Anlambilimden Öğrendiklerimiz
Authors: TOY Tolgahan
Published: September 2023

Doğal dillerde sözlüksel muğlaklığın iki türü bulunmaktadır. Birincisi, farklı anlamların birbirleriyle ilişkili olmadığı eşadlılık durumu, ikincisi ise farklı anlamların ilişkili olduğu çok anlamlılık durumudur. Kelimelerin farklı anlamları arasındaki ilişkiler anlam kavramına nasıl yaklaşmamız gerektiği konusunda belirleyici bir rol oynamaktadır. Doğal dillerdeki çok anlamlılık olgusu biçimsel ve bilişsel anlambilim geleneklerinin arasındaki karşıtlıkta önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Biçimsel anlambilim, mantık ve bilgisayar biliminin de yardımıyla, anlamı öznel deneyimlerden olabildiğince ayırarak modellerken, bilişsel anlambilim ise dilsel anlamın deneyimlerimizle bir bütün oluşturduğunu iddia etmektedir. Bilişsel anlambilim dilsel ifadeleri anlamlandırma sürecinin arkasındaki mekanizmayı, diğer bir ifadeyle, yaşam formunun dilsel anlama katkısını ortaya çıkarmayı hedeflemektedir. Dilsel anlam, biçimsel bir şekilde, deneyimlerimizden, kavramsal derinliklerimizden, bilişsel süreçlerimizin bütününden bağımsız olarak incelenebilir mi? Bilişsel anlambilimciler bu soruya çok anlamlılık üzerinden cevap vermektedirler: Bilişsel anlambilimcilere göre, çok anlamlılık, deneyimlerimiz ile dilsel anlam arasında bulunan güçlü ilişkilerin bir yansımasıdır. Dolayısıyla, dilsel anlamın insan deneyimlerinden bağımsız incelenemeyeceğini iddia etmektedirler. Bu çalışmada bilişsel anlambilimin iddiaları çok anlamlılık üzerinden ele alınmaktadır.
Bilimsel Araştırmalarda Alanyazın Nasıl Raporlanır?
Authors: FIRAT Mehmet
Published: September 2023

Alanyazın, bir bilimsel çalışmanın araştırdığı konuyla ilgili o zamana kadarki bilgi birikimini ortaya koyan ve çalışmanın gerekçelendirildiği bölümüdür. Ancak, yapılan araştırmalar, atıf verilen çalışmaların okunmadığını, ilgili çalışmaların pasif ve betimleyici bir dille özetlendiğini ve bilimsel bir yapılandırma stratejisinin takip edilmediğini göstermektedir. Bu çalışmada, alanyazının nasıl raporlanabileceğine ilişkin stratejilerin örnek metin çözümlemeleriyle sunulması amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla örnek bir alanyazın taraması bölümü yazılmış ve bu bölümde yararlanılan stratejiler metin çözümlemesi yoluyla sunulmuştur. Böylece araştırmacılara hem alanyazın raporlama stratejileri sunulmuş hem de bu stratejilerin nasıl kullanılabileceği bir örnek üzerinde gösterilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, alanyazının raporlanmasında betimleyici değil bütünleştirici bir yazım tarzının, pasif değil eleştirel bir dilin kullanılması gerektiği ortaya konmuştur. Alanyazın taraması yapılandırma stratejileriyle ilgili farklı sınıflandırmalar bulunsa da uzaktan-yakına stratejisi ile tematik sentez stratejisinin yaygın kabul gören stratejiler olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Akademisyenlik ve Annelik: Fenomenolojik Bir Araştırma
Authors: MEMİŞ DOĞAN Meryem , TEMİZ ARSLAN Kübra
Published: September 2023

Değişen dünya koşulları ile eğitimde ve çalışma yaşamında daha çok görünür olan kadınlar için akademisyenlik önemli bir tercihtir. Çalışma yaşamına katılmış olsalar da toplumsal roller ve beklentilerin etkisi ile aile kurma, çocuk sahibi olma gibi sorumluluklar, kadınların günlük yaşantısında egemen olmaya devam etmektedir. Bu çalışma, akademisyen annelerin annelik ve akademisyenlik kimliğine yönelik atıflarını, aidiyet düzeylerini açıklayabilmeyi, iki rol arasında kadınların gündelik yaşam pratiklerini ve duygularını anlayabilmeyi hedeflemektedir. Nitel araştırma yöntemleri çatısı altında bulunan ve amacı insan deneyimlerini anlamak olan fenomenolojik yaklaşımın kullanıldığı çalışmanın örneklemi, nispeten yeni ve genç bir kadroya sahip olan geleneksel toplumsal yapının gözlemlenebildiği Bitlis ilinde bulunan, Bitlis Eren Üniversitesi’nde çalışan çocuk sahibi 8 kadın akademisyenden oluşmaktadır. Bitlis Eren Üniversitesi 30.12.2022 tarihli E-84771431-050.03-76688 sayılı etik kurul iznine sahip olan bu çalışmanın bulguları çerçevesinde, annelik ve akademisyenliğin sınırsız fedakârlık ve sevgi olarak tanımlandığı ve katılımcıların birincil kimlik olarak anneliğe, ikincil kimlik olarak akademisyenliğe aidiyet hissettiği söylenebilir. Araştırma bulguları, çalışma yaşamı ve aile hayatında pek çok sorumluluk ve görevi üstlenen katılımcıların, bu sorumluluk ve görevleri aile bireyleri, komşu, arkadaş ve ücretli çalışanlardan oluşan kadın ağı ile paylaştığını göstermektedir. Katılımcıların yoğun geçen günlük yaşamlarında öncelikle çocuk bakımı, ev işleri, ders verme gibi akademik işlerle ilgilendikleri, bu görevler bittikten sonra akademik üretime zaman ayırabildikleri görülmektedir.
Annelerin Anne-Çocuk Kategorisinde Faydacı ve Hedonik Satın Alma Motivasyonlarının Anlık Satın Alma Davranışları Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: ÖZER CANARSLAN Nur , YILMAZ UZ Canan
Published: September 2023

Araştırmada annelerin faydacı ve hedonik satın alma motivasyonlarının anlık satın alma davranışları üzerine etkisinin tespit edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmanın ana kütlesi sosyal medya kullanan annelerden oluşturmaktadır. Sosyal medyada, annelerin bir araya geldiği gruplara dahil olan 321 anne araştırmanın örneklemini oluşturmaktadır. Örneklemden elde edilen veriler SPSS paket programı yardımıyla tanımlayıcı istatistiksel analizlere, faktör analizi, regresyon analizi, t-testi ve ANOVA testine tabi tutulmuştur. Araştırmada annelerin, hedonik alışveriş motivasyonlarının sadece yaşlarıyla ters orantılı değişirken, faydacı alışveriş motivasyonlarında hiç bir anne grubunda istatistiksel anlamlı bir farklılık olmadığını ve anlık satın alma davranışlarının yaşa ve çalışma durumuna göre anlamlı farklılık gösterdiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Ayrıca annelerin, çocukları için yaptıkları alışverişlerdeki hedonik motivasyonlarının anlık satın alma davranışını artırırken, faydacı motivasyonunu azalttığı da ortaya çıkan sonuçlar arasındadır. Araştırma, işletmelere annelerin alışveriş motivasyonlarını ve satın alma davranışlarını daha iyi anlayarak, onlara özgü pazarlama stratejileri geliştirme fırsatı sunmakta ve annelerin ihtiyaçlarına daha iyi cevap veren kampanyaların oluşturulmasına olanak sağlamaktadır.
İmparatoriçe Pulcheria ve Bizans Sanatına Yansımaları
Authors: SOYKAN A. Nazlı
Published: September 2023

Kuruluşundan yıkılışına kadar Bizans İmparatorluğu’nda özellikle İmparatoriçeler her zaman ayrıcalıklı bir yere sahip olmuş ve hem siyasette hem de dini siyasette önemli rol oynamışlardır. Bu imparatoriçelerden biri de Pulcheria’dır. Pulcheria 15 yaşında kardeşi II. Theodosios’un naibi olarak imparatoriçe olmasından 54 yaşında ölümüne kadar hem devlet işlerinde hem de dini meselelerde oldukça önemli bir rol oynamıştır. Çalışmanın konusu Pulcheria ve Bizans sanatına yansımalarıdır. Bu bağlamda İmparatoriçe Pulcheria tarafından yaptırılan ya da en azından kuruluşuna öncülük ettiği Theotokos Khalkoprateia Kilisesi, Blakhernae Theotokos Kilisesi, Hodegetria Kilisesi ve Aziz Laurence Kilisesi dönem kaynakları ve bilim insanlarının görüşleri doğrultusunda incelenmiştir. Pulcheria’nın koyu bir Hıristiyan olduğu ve özellikle de kutsal emanetlerin koruyuculuğunu üstlendiği bilinmektedir. Aziz Stephanos’un röliklerinin İstanbul’a getirilmesi de fildişi bir panelde betimlenmiştir. Araştırmada fildişi panelin tarihçesine değinilmiş ve tasviri yapılmıştır. Pulcheria’nın imparatorluk sikke ikonografisine birçok yenilik getirdiği bilinmektedir. Bu bağlamda Pulcheria’nın imparatorluk sikke ikonografisine getirdiği yenilikler dönemin sikke örnekleri ışığında değerlendirilmiştir. Pulcheria’ya ait olduğu düşünülen kantar topuzunun benzer örnekleri incelenip, neden kantar topuzlarında imparator ve imparatoriçe büstlerinin kullanıldığı tartışılmıştır. Değerlendirme ve sonuç kısmında ise çalışmanın konusu olan eserler benzer örnekleri ile karşılaştırmalı olarak değerlendirilmiştir.
Introduction of CdSe/ZnS Quantum Dots into Liquid Crystalline Matrix
Authors: Karpov O. N. , Derikov Ya. I. , Finko A. V. , Saveliev A. I. , Mikhalyonok S. G. , Kuzmenok N. M. , Bezborodov V. S. , Talroze R. V.
Published: September 2023

An important aspect of modern materials science, namely the possibility of combining inorganic nanoparticles and liquid crystals in composite materials is discussed. These systems make it possible to combine liquid crystal properties of matrix and luminescent properties of quantum dots. A five-component mixture consisting mainly of 4-cyanobiphenyl derivatives used as a matrix. The substitution of ligands formed during the synthesis of quantum dots with derivatives of organic acids is shown. Using two new optically active ligands, the chiralization of the nematic matrix was demonstrated by introducing quantum dots into it.
Effect of Transparency Increasing and Surface Relief of Polyvinyl Alcohol Thin Films with Graphene Oxide of Varied Concentrations: Possible Applications
Authors: Kamanina N. V. , Toikka А. S. , Barnash Ya. V. , Fedorova L. O. , Tarkan R. M. , Oshkolov M. A. , Zubtcova Yu. A. , Likhomanova S. V. , Kuzhakov P. V.
Published: September 2023

Analysis of the experimentally established transmission variation (taking into account the transparency increasing) of polyvinyl alcohol thin films sensitized with graphene oxide of different concentrations was performed. The mechanical features of these solid-state compositions were studied. Transmission spectra in the visible and near-infrared ranges were registered. The microhardness of the studied materials was measured. The experimental results were confirmed by the quantum chemical modeling. A wide range of possible applications of the studied materials is proposed: display technology, light modulators, laser radiation converters, output windows of optoelectronic devices, biomedicine.
Study of maternal and perinatal outcome in women with congenital heart disease
Authors: Samant Padmaja Y. , Sinha Shruti
Published: September 2023

Background: Pregnancy induced changes in cardiovascular hemodynamics are generally well tolerated. However, the reversible but prolonged hemodynamic stress of pregnancy can have negative effects on the diseased heart. In our study we studied various uncorrected and corrected congenital cardiac lesions and their antenatal, intrapartum course, their ability to withstand labor and postpartum complications.
Methods: Our study was a retroprospective observational cross-sectional study conducted at KEM hospital, Mumbai with enrolment of total 27 subjects over a period of 18 months between August 2020 to December 2021.The study included all the registered and emergency patients either post abortal or post-delivery with congenital cardiac diseases including the ones who were surgically corrected.
Results: The present study was conducted to study demographic features and maternal and perinatal outcomes of pregnancy in these women. Majority of the subjects were diagnosed with heart disease at the age more than 20 years (40.74%) and very few at age less than 5 years. In the present study only 7.4% study subjects were aware about pre-marital counselling, and preconceptional counselling. Among the lesions ASD was commonest reported among 51.85% study subjects. ICU admission was required among 11.11% study subjects. Labour analgesia given to only 18.52% study subjects. We did not observe any association between surgically corrected CHD and ICU admissions, postnatal complications, and outcomes, p>0.05.
Conclusions: This study concluded that pre-pregnancy diagnosis, counselling, appropriate referral, routine antenatal supervision and delivery at an equipped centre improve the overall outcomes.
Subcutaneous dirofilariasis: case series
Authors: Sathyan Jeena K. , Eapen Febi Cheri , M. C. Aghosh , Kurup Karan Krishna
Published: September 2023

Dirofilariasis is a parasitic infection caused by Dirofilaria worms, transmitted through mosquito bites, primarily affecting dogs but also affecting humans incidentally. This introduction provides an overview of the various forms of dirofilariasis, with focus on subcutaneous and pulmonary types, and highlights its geographical distribution. Subsequent case reports describe 3 instances of dirofilariasis in different anatomical locations, emphasizing diagnostic findings and successful surgical treatment. Discussion delves into nature of human subcutaneous dirofilariasis (HSD), emphasizing D. repens and D. immitis as common causative species. It explains lifecycle of these parasites, their transmission through mosquito vectors, and various clinical manifestations based on species and affected body areas. Diagnostic approaches are elucidated with particular focus on importance of HPE in identifying specific species. This case series highlights importance of increased awareness, diagnostic tests, and vector control is emphasized to enable early detection and treatment, thus avoiding further complications and mortality associated with the dirofilariasis.
Report of a case of bochdalek hernia in an adult presenting as chronic cough: review of literature and discussion
Authors: Jawade Kailash , Vichare Shivani , Chaudhari Kalpesh , Kamble Shishir , Kandukuri Tanmayi , Bhalgat Mayur
Published: September 2023

Adult symptomatic bochdalek hernias (BH) are rare and account for 0.16%-6% of all diaphragmatic hernias. Chronic abdominal pain is commonest type of presentation. We have a patient of BH presented with chronic cough and breathlessness on exertion. Aim was to study clinical course and outcome of patient presented to our institute. We also would like to review relevant literature available online and compare it with our findings. 30-year-male from peripheral area had recurrent episodes of cough and breathlessness on exertion since 7 years. He was treated as a case of lower respiratory tract infection. We did chest radiogram which revealed presence of haziness in left lower zone with obliteration left costophrenic angle. His computerized tomography scan revealed defect of approximate size 43×45 mm in posterolateral aspect of left hemidiaphragm with omental herniation. Patient was operated by lap converted to open primary bochdalek hernia repair. His postoperative course was uneventful. Review of literature done revealed cough as a rare type of presentation. Laparoscopy is becoming emerging modality of treatment to do surgical correction. Adult onset diaphragmatic hernias have variable clinical manifestations. High index of clinical suspicion with imaging studies like contrast enhanced computed tomography (intravenous plus oral contrast) of chest and abdomen are required for timely diagnosis and treatment.
Assessment of quality of life and its predictors in thalassemic children
Authors: Tomar Priykant , Patel Deepak Kumar , Dehariya Chanchlesh , Agrawal Amit , Choubey Bharti
Published: September 2023

Background: In India, approximately 10,000 children are being born with thalassemia per year contributing to 10% of the total world incidence of thalassemia affected children. With the advancement in medical therapy resulting in early diagnosis and initiation of blood transfusion at an early age, and management of complications, survival rates have improved and such child can survive till second and third decades.
Methods: This study was conducted among 100 children in the age range of 2 to 14 years registered with the Thalassemia clinic, department of paediatrics, Gandhi Medical College and associated Kamla Nehru hospital, Bhopal. All patients underwent routine investigation and other relevant investigations as required. To assess the quality of life of children with thalassemia, pediatric quality of life inventory (PedsQL4) scale was used.
Results: Mean age of children belonging to the age range of less than 4 years- 38±11.38 months whereas that of children in the age range of 5-7 years and 8 to 12 years was 71.08±8.93 month’s and120.32±23.44 (95%CI 112.51-128.12) months respectively. The emotional domain of quality of life was significantly associated with compliance to chelation therapy among children in the age range of less than 4 and 8 to 12 years.
Conclusions: Thalassemia significantly affects negatively on the quality of life of all individuals irrespective of the age of the child. Though, all the domains i.e. physical, emotional, school and social are affected in these patients, physical and school domain are most commonly affected.
Prevalence of keratoconus and subclinical keratoconus in subjects with two or more diopters (D) of astigmatism using pentacam derived parameters
Authors: Gupta Ayushi , Jain Sakshi , Porwal Rakesh
Published: September 2023

Keratoconus is a common progressive asymmetric, bilateral, ectatic corneal disorder that arises due to biomechanical and structural defects in organization of corneal collagen. It is characterized by axial protrusion of cornea and thinning of corneal stroma which deforms the shape of cornea leading to myopia and irregular astigmatism with decreased vision.

This is a prospective cross-sectional study. All the patients within age group of 8-45 years who attended Outpatient Department of a Tertiary Care Hospital, Ajmer, with signs and symptoms of keratoconus or with astigmatism ≥2D with no previous history of ocular trauma or surgery were evaluated and a complete ophthalmic examination was done including the best corrected visual acuity, retinoscopy, slit lamp biomicroscopy and fundus examination and the findings were recorded. Only subjects with no other signs and symptoms of other ocular pathology were included.

334 eyes (167 subjects) were included in this study and among 334 eyes, 291 eyes had ≥2 D Astigmatism, 152/167 (91.02%) right and 139/167 (83.23%) left eyes. Mean age of the patients was 19.6±9.09 years ranging from 8 to 45 years. 50.3% of study subjects were females and 49.7% were males. Overall, in both eyes, prevalence of astigmatism was found to be 73.88%, FFKCN was 10.31% and KCN was found 15.81% among the study population having ≥2 D astigmatism.

Patients with astigmatism of ≥2D who attend outdoor clinics should be evaluated with corneal tomography for early diagnosis, even if visual acuity is not significantly affected. Pentacam gives a more accurate diagnosis than corneal topography devices used conventionally, particularly in keratoconus suspicious eyes.
Safety and efficacy of ranibizumab biosimilar (Razumab®) as a cost-effective alternative to the innovator molecule for macular disorders in real-world
Authors: Paliwal Sonal , Deshpande Riddhima , Upadhyay Prerna
Published: September 2023

: To report the clinical efficacy and safety of the intravitreal ranibizumab biosimilar molecule, Razumab® (IVRz) as an economic alternative to the innovator molecule (Lucentis) in macular diseases under real-world conditions.

: A single‑ center, prospective study of 100 consecutive eyes undergoing three-monthly IVRz between April 2020 to March 2021 for a variety of macular disorders including diabetic macular edema (DME), neovascular age‑related macular degeneration (nAMD), retinal vein occlusion (RVO), and myopic choroidal neovascular membrane (mCNVM). The main outcome measures were changes in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central subfield thickness (CST), intraretinal-fluid (IRF), and subretinal-fluid (SRF) along with a safety analysis at weeks 4, 8, and 12 respectively.

: Of the 100 eyes of 100 patients undergoing IVRz, a majority had DME (39 eyes; 39%) followed by RVO (34 eyes; 34%), nAMD (21 eyes; 21%), and mCNVM (6 eyes; 6%). Mean BCVA improved from baseline to weeks 4, 8, and 12 (P<0.001). A significant reduction in CST from the baseline was also noted at all the visits (P<0.001). On qualitative analysis, resolution of SRF and IRF was observed in 61.47% and 61.71% of eyes respectively. No serious ocular or systemic adverse events were noted.

: Our real-world data suggests that IVRz therapy is safe and efficacious for the management of varied macular pathologies. The cost-effectiveness and systemic and ocular safety of this regulatory-approved biosimilar makes it a suitable alternative to the branded drug. Further comparative studies into the benefit-cost analysis of these biosimilar and branded agents are warranted to better understand the health economics of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) therapy in chorioretinal disorders.
Association of Gamma-glutamyl transferase with severity of hypertensive retinopathy in the Indian population
Authors: Nigam Bharti , Chaturvedi Ashutosh , Gupta Sonal , Bansal Vaishali
Published: September 2023

: Hypertension is the condition of elevated blood pressure and is a serious medical condition that significantly increases risk of diseases associated with the heart, brain, kidney, eyes, etc. and its most common ocular presentation is Hypertensive retinopathy (HR). Oxidative stress has been extensively studied for its role in the pathophysiology of Hypertensive retinopathy. Through this study, we want to establish an association between the severity of Hypertensive retinopathy and Gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT).

: After obtaining clearance from the ethics committee, an analytical study was carried out comprising 100 individuals having Hypertensive retinopathy. Patients were divided into four groups according to the Keith Wagener classification. The patients underwent thorough clinical examinations. The ocular examination included visual acuity evaluation, IOP measurement by Goldmann tonometry, and fundoscopy. Biochemical investigation of Serum Gamma-glutamyl transferase was done using a CORAL Colorimetric assay kit and SPSS Version 21.0 was used for statistical analysis.

: The majority of Grade I HR people belonged to either normal or prehypertensive group, while the majority of Grade IV, II & III were from the Stage I hypertensives group, followed by Grade II and Grade III hypertension. Statistically, a significant association between the increasing severity of retinopathy and the rise in BP was observed. Most patients with Grade I retinopathy (66.7%) had GGT levels < 40 U/l, while all the patients in Grade II, III & IV (100.0% each) had GGT >40 U/L. Statistically, it was also noted that the GGT levels increased with increasing grades in HR.
Evaluating complications in cataract surgeries performed by resident trainees at a tertiary care hospital in Rajkot district of Gujarat
Authors: Pandey Ashish , Korat Drashti , Dubey Shubhra , Melwani Ravi
Published: September 2023

Cataract surgery is an important part of the ophthalmology residency program. By providing residents with the opportunity to develop surgical skills, ophthalmology programs can ensure that their residents are well-prepared for successful careers in the field. While most cataract surgeries are successful, complications can occur like infection, inflammation, corneal edema, and posterior capsule opacification, however, rates may differ with surgeon’s experience. This study aims to determine the types and rates of various complications in cataract surgery performed by resident trainees.

: This was a retrospective hospital based observational study that included patients operated for cataracts by manual SICS at a Tertiary care hospital in Rajkot. Postoperative outcomes were evaluated into three groups: surgeries performed during residents in the first year of training (group 1), surgeries performed during the second year (group 2), and surgeries performed during the third year (group 3). The outcome was the rate of postoperative complications in each group and collected data were entered in a Microsoft Excel sheet. Qualitative data were presented as frequency and percentages and compared by the chi-square test. The P-value of ≤0.05 was considered significant.

A total of 492 patients were evaluated in the study, in which 102 patients (20.7%) were operated on by first-year residents (group1), 189 patients (38.4%) were operated on by second-year residents (group 2) and 201 patients (40.9%) were operated by third-year residents(group3). The overall rate of the intraoperative complication in our study was 32.3% with the incidence of intraoperative complications being 17.4%(n=86/492) and postoperative complications being 14.8% (n=73/492). The most common intraoperative complication was PCR with vitreous loss (10.4%) and the most common postoperative complication was corneal edema seen in 6.5% of patients.

: Resident trainees showed a better performance in the form of decreased postoperative complications and surgical competency was also found to improve as surgical experience increased. Incorporating surgical training as part of a routine curriculum can improve the residents' learning curve.
Assessment of the vision-related quality of life (VR-QOL) in patients with watery eyes
Authors: Wadwekar Bhagwati , Krishnan Harini Tiruvengada , Ravichandrann Kandasamy
Published: September 2023

Watering from the eyes is one of the common ocular complaints which leads to blurred vision. It has an impact on daily activities and the social life of the individual which is not studied much. Hence, we did this study with the aim to estimate the proportion of watery eye patients in whom the vision-related quality of life (VR-QOL) is affected.

We conducted a cross-sectional questionnaire-based study. Patients who complained of watering for more than one month were included. All the patients were asked to fill a VR-QOL questionnaire.

We considered VR-QOL status to be affected if the score for any of the activity listed in the questionnaire was more than or equal to one. We assessed the association of this VR-QOL status with various factors like age, gender, laterality, patency of nasolacrimal duct and Munk score.

A total of 59 patients participated in our study. The mean age of study participants was 52.6 ± 13.8 years and 31 were males. VR-QOL was affected in 89.8% and blurring of vision was the most common impairment. The effect of gender and age on VR-QOL due to watering was not significant. We found that watering of eyes causes a significant blurring of vision (p value=0.031) and discomfort during outdoor activities (p-value 0.045).

: Epiphora has a significant impact on VR-QOL. The lacrimal drainage system is the major cause of watery eyes. It is important to include the functional component in the outcome assessment of epiphora treatment.
Prioridades para la digitalización empresarial en América Latina y el Caribe
Authors: Hirs Jorge , Vargas Fernando
Published: September 2023

Esta nota analiza la digitalización empresarial en América Latina y el Caribe (ALC), centrando la atención en la pequeña y mediana empresa (pyme). La digitalización se relaciona con importantes aumentos en productividad y crecimiento empresarial. Sin embargo, existe una brecha notable entre las grandes empresas y las pyme en cuanto a la adopción de tecnologías. Las grandes corporaciones pueden aprovechar los beneficios de la digitalización con mayor velocidad, mientras que las pyme se enfrentan a múltiples desafíos que frenan su avance. Para abordar este desequilibrio, sugerimos priorizar políticas orientadas a: i) mejorar el entorno económico y regulatorio propicio para la digitalización; ii) resolver las restricciones financieras que las pyme enfrentan en su camino hacia la digitalización; iii) fortalecer la provisión local de servicios digitales, y iv) impulsar la formación de talento especializado en el ámbito digital.
Ethical Citizenship and Contested Notions of Aging During the COVID-19 State of Emergency in Latvia
Authors: Pokšāns Artūrs , Lakševics Kārlis , Zalāns Kristians
Published: September 2023

COVID-19 governance and its related forms of risk perception produced tensions between emergent and pre-existing understandings and practices of aging. This has resulted both in novel forms of biopolitical control and creative forms of resistance and practices of intergenerational care. This paper uses the concept of ethical citizenship to explain how older adults saw their role in the collective project of defeating COVID-19 despite partly being excluded from it. The research is based on a qualitative research-based learning project that was carried out in Latvia in 2020 at the time of the first pandemic- related state of emergency. We argue that the biopolitical approaches of successful aging and the designation of risk groups were ambiguously intertwined with the relational practices of aging while both processes were linked to the broader post-socialist socioeconomic context. We focus on care relations in the daily lives of older adults during the state of emergency to illustrate how the seemingly irrational opposition to state-imposed restrictions was the result of the socio-economic and relational realities of elderly people. We argue that the recognition of relations of mutual care and support is necessary to improve the lives of current and future older adults.
The Container Thinks It’s Upside Down, and Other Stories of Automation
Authors: Lamontagne-Cumiford Mathieu , Lillis Hannah
Published: September 2023

A container cannot speak, but thanks to digitization and automation, it can now complain. The COVID pandemic and the pressures leveraged by its consequences on the global economy have brought sudden attention to the supply chain and the transport industry which powers it. While shortages and delays drew attention, industry players accelerated the digitization and automation of the industry. From the staging grounds of rail yards to warehouse floors, from the decks of massive container ships to the cubicles of office buildings, a concerted push for the automation of work is underway. Drawing on industry experience and interlocutors from a wide breadth of the logistics industry, we discuss the pressures and motivating factors that underpin this effort.
Peer-reviewing: New Challenges for Academic Publication
Authors: Boudreault-Fournier Alexandrine , Frohlick Sue , Truchon Karoline
Published: September 2023

Notes
Leaf appearance rate and phyllochron on millet sowing dates
Authors: Somavilla Felipe Manfio , ​Cargnelutti Filho Alberto , Neu Ismael Mario Márcio , Silveira Daniela Lixinski , Bubans Valéria Escaio , Dumke Gabriel Elias
Published: September 2023

The objective of this study was to determine the leaf appearance rate and phyllochron as affected by millet sowing dates. The experiment was conducted with six sowing dates (11/28/2019, 12/03/2019, 12/10/2019, 12/17/2019, 12/30/2019 and 01/14/2020). The sowing was performed in plots with six rows of 2 m length and spacing of 0.25 m between rows. After emergence, for each sowing date, five plants were marked and the number of leaves was counted twice a week until flowering. For each plant relative to each sowing date (30 plants), the number of leaves (NL), leaf appearance period (LAP, in days), accumulated thermal sum (TSa, in ºC day), leaf appearance rate (LAR, on days leaf-1) and phyllochron in °C day leaf-1 were determined. Among the sowing dates, there is no variation in the number of leaves, with an average of 18.07 leaves. LAP varies between 49 and 88 days, TSa between 697.57 and 1299.47 °C day, LAR between 3.26 and 5.40 days leaf-1, and phyllochron between 45.05 and 80.81 °C day leaf-1. Millet shows better vegetative development (lower LAP, TSa, LAR and phyllochron) in early sowing (11/28/2019, 12/03/2019 and 12/10/2019) compared to later sowing (12/17/2019, 12/30/2019 and 01/14/2020).
Poroke med krvnimi sorodniki: genetske in / ali pravne ovire
Authors: Erjavec Škerget Alenka
Published: September 2023

Zakonske zveze in posledično krvna razmerja med sorodniki lahko predstavljajo poseben problem pri genetskem svetovanju in pojasnjevanju prisotnega genetskega defekta. Pri obstoju določene genetske motnje v družini, kjer obstaja tovrstna povezava, se lahko pri potomcih kar nekajkrat poveča tveganje za pojav določene genetske bolezni. Predvidevajo, da je v svetu pri skoraj tretjini hudo telesno in duševno prizadetih otrok, njihovo stanje posledica krvne zveze med sorodniki. V Sloveniji niso dovoljene zakonske zveze med sorodniki 1. stopnje, pri sorodnikih druge stopnje, med katerimi obstaja četrtina enakih genov, je zakonska zveza v Sloveniji pogojno dovoljena. V zahodnem svetu so zveze 2. stopnje zakonsko prepovedane, vzhodne dežele pa tovrstne zveze mnogokrat dovoljujejo. Predstavljamo problematiko pri pojasnjevanju prisotnosti določenih t.i. “slabih“ oz. „škodljivih“ genov v družinah. V praksi namreč opažamo, da postane glavni problem med partnerjema potem, ko je odkrita kakršnakoli dedna genetska motnja v družini, kdo je njen nosilec. Po pregledu in izrisu rodovnika za vsakega posameznika, lahko to izvemo že iz anamnestičnega pogovora, kar bomo predstavili na določenih konkretnih primerih. V prispevku želimo osvetliti biološki oz. genetski vidik tovrstne problematike, ki ga bomo dopolnili tudi z nekaj matematičnimi - statističnimi pojasnili ter pravnimi določili v Sloveniji.
Deset let Krajinskega parka Goričko (KPG) - Od ideje do njenega uresničevanja
Authors: Vratuša Anton
Published: September 2023

V uvodnem delu svojega prispevka avtor spregovori o nujnosti razvoja sodobne družbe na načelu trajnostnega razvoja in celostnega upravljanja naravne in kulturne dediščine v interesu celotne družbe od posameznika in krajevnega območja do narodne (državne) in mednarodne skupnosti. Pri tem posebej ukaže na vlogo, ki jo imajo Parki za zavarovanja naravna območja V luči postavljenega načela sonaravnega razvoja in njegovega ustvarjalnega uresničevanja ocenjuje Uredbo vlade RS o Krajinskem parku Goričko in analizira delovanje Javnega zavoda KPG od varstva biotske raznovrstnosti in trajnostne uporabe naravnega in kulturnega bogastva (zemlje, vode, zraka, energetskih virov) do vsestranskega razvoja, negovanja in varstva človeških virov (šolstvo, zdravstvo, znanost in kultura) na osnovi osebne in skupnostne samozavesti, pravičnosti in državotvornosti ter medgeneracijske solidarnosti in odprtosti do bližnjega in daljnega sosedstva.
Adhezija pri lepljenju lesa z jeklom
Authors: Šernek Milan , Mravljak Maksimilijan
Published: September 2023

Pri montaži lepljenih lameliranih nosilcev v želeno konstrukcijo se uporabljajo tudi nove vrste vezi - jeklene palice z metričnim navojem, ki jih s pomočjo lepila usidrajo oziroma vlepijo v leseni nosilec. Imenujemo jih »glued-in rods« ali vezi iz vlepljenih jeklenih palic (VIVJP). Za izvedbo kakovostnih VIVJP je ključnega pomena razumevanje kohezije in adhezije pri lepljenju lesa in jekla, za kar je potrebno poznati reološke lastnosti lepila ter relevantne lastnosti obeh lepljencev (les in jeklo). Glavni dejavniki, ki vplivajo na trdnost vezi, so geometrija (globina in premer) in morfologija izvrtine, vlažnost lesa, anatomska smer lesa in potek lesnih vlaken ter debelina in površina lepilnega spoja.
Vzroki za curke plazme v Zemljinem magnetnem ovoju
Authors: Kajdič Primož
Published: September 2023

Curki plazme v Zemljinem magnetnem ovoju so trenutno pomembna tema na področju veje znanosti, ki se ukvarja s procesi interakcije Zemlje in Sonca. Ti curki lahko popačijo magnetopavzo, zato nam poznavanje pogojev, pod katerimi nastajajo, omogoča razumevanje njihovega vpliva na magnetosfero. Trenutno prevladuje mnenje, da 97 % curkov nastane kot posledica nagubanega površja sekcije Zemljinega udarneg vala s kvazi-vzporedno geometrijo. Nedavno izvedene obsežne statistične študije teh curkov so pokazale njihov obstoj tudi dolvodno od kvazi-pravokotne sekcije Zemljinega udarnega vala, vendar zeankrat še ni jasno kateri mehanizmi vodijo k njihovemu nastanku. Tukaj analiziram štiri dogodke v kvazi-pravokotnem magnetnem ovoju, ki izpolnjujejo enega glavnih kriterijev za curke plazme in sicer povečani dinamični tlak. Ti curki niso nastali zaradi nagubanega površja udarnega vala, temveč so jih povzročili: 1) cev magnetnega pretoka v stiku s kvazi-paralelno sekcijo udarnega vala, 2) tokovna plast v odsotnosti magnetnega prevezovanja 3) izpuh povezan z magnetnin prevezovanjem in 4) zrcalni valovi.
Soustvarjanje podpore in pomoči z družino
Authors: Čačinovič Vogrinčič Gabi
Published: September 2023

Prispevek zajame temeljne koncepte dela in rezultate akcijsko raziskovalnega projekta Pomoč družinam v skupnosti: soustvarjanje želenih sprememb za zmanjševanje socialne izključenosti in krepitev zdravja. Raziskava sodi v okvir tako imenovane »norveške sheme«, projekt je financiran s strani Norveškega finančnega mehanizma in Službe vlade RS za razvoj in kohezijsko politiko v obdobju 16.2.2015 in 30.4.2016. Procese pomoči smo raziskovali tako, da smo jih v akcijskem raziskovanju tudi soustvarjali. Prestopili smo v nov način »produkcije znanja« kot pravi Gibbons, (1994: v Marthinsen, in Jukunen, 2012): od raziskovanja in spoznavanja stanja v ustvarjanje novega znanja. Teoretični okvir, ki zagotavlja sodelovanje in odnos, ki to omogoča, je bil postavljen: prakso smo raziskovali v teoriji in praksi: preizkušali smo koncept soustvarjanja v delovnem odnosu, koncept individualnega projekta pomoči, jezik socialnega dela, ki ga uporabljamo. Raziskava temelji na doktrini socialnega dela z družinami, ki sem jo razvila. Delamo na dveh ravneh, na ravni mobilizacije za želene izide in na ravni družinske dinamike in sprememb, ki jih družina potrebuje, da bi zmogla rešitev.
Hidravlično frakcioniranje – poceni gorivo ali konec sveta
Authors: Mihalič Rafael , Alkalaj Mišo
Published: September 2023

Pridobivanje ogljikovodikov z metodo tako imenovanega hidravličnega frakcioniranja (hidravličnega lomljenja oz. s tujko: frackinga) je znana že približno 70 let. Šele v zadnjem desetletju pa je postala ekonomsko zanimiva. Medtem, ko ZDA postajajo zaradi uporabe te tehnologije energetsko samozadostne, cene električne energije tam padajo, cena nafte na svetovnih trgih pa je padla pod polovico tiste izpred masovne uporabe frakcioniranja, v Evropi zaradi okoljskih pomislekov naftnih skrilavcev oz. bituminoznih peskov ne izkoriščamo. Potenciale imamo tudi v Sloveniji. V medijih je bila v preteklosti izkoriščanje skrilavcev in bituminoznih peskov pogosta tema in laiku je težko ločiti zrnje od plev. V Prekmurju, ki ima potencial za pridobivanje ogljikovodikov s pomočjo omenjene tehnologije, so civilne iniciative (karkoli že to pomeni) izrazile ostro nestrinjanje z uporabo te tehnologije. Glede na izjave udeležencev shodov bi naj šlo za okoljsko nevarnost bibličnih razsežnosti. Tudi poročanje medijev je v večini primerov precej enostransko. Zato bomo v prispevku na poljuden način skušali pojasniti fizikalne postopke, uporabo kemičnih snovi pri omenjeni tehnologiji in njene posledice za okolje na podlagi dosedanjih izkušenj. Pri tem se bomo omejili zgolj na znanstveno-tehnično podprta in preverljiva dejstva.
Strukturiranje toka anizotropne tekočine z lasersko pinceto
Authors: Tkalec Uroš , Emeršič Tadej
Published: September 2023

V prispevku so predstavljene aktualne raziskave na področju mikrofluidike tekočih kristalov, ki se v zadnjem času povezujejo z optotermično manipulacijo. Tokovne režime nematskega tekočega kristala raziskujemo v kanalčkih s pravokotnim površinskim sidranjem in ugotavljamo (meta)stabilnost posameznih orientacijskih stanj v odvisnosti od hitrosti toka. Uporaba laserske pincete nam omogoča kontrolirano tvorjenje mikroskopskih domen s polarnim redom, ki jih lahko transportiramo in prilagajamo z reguliranjem pretoka. Dinamika fazne meje, ki jo določa topološka defektna zanka, je izjemno občutljiva na gradiente v molekularnem in hitrostnem polju in zato zanimiva za senzorske aplikacije.
Dekompozicija sistema za preračunavanje zavarovalno-tehničnih vrednosti
Authors: Potrč Martin , Bratuša Dušan , Primožič Vida , Maleš Nejc
Published: September 2023

V našem podjetju smo se odločili za preobrazbo sistema za preračunavanje zavarovalnotehničnih vrednosti, ki smo ga poskusili prestaviti iz aplikacije za informacijsko podporo življenjskih zavarovalniških poslovnih procesov (imenovano V'ger Life) v samostojno komponento. Za ta projekt smo izbirali med različnimi tehnologijami. Za implementacijo uporabniškega vmesnika smo uporabili ogrodje Quasar, ki temelji na Vue.JS, za zaledni sistem smo izbrali aplikacijski strežnik Quarkus, za implementacijo jedra sistema za preračunavanje pa smo izbrali Node.js. Komponento smo poimenovali Product Development Workbench –oziroma s kratico – PDW.
Platforma za napredno obdelavo merilnih podatkov za elektroenergetsko domeno
Authors: Bregar Andrej , Mule Janez , Klauzner Franc
Published: September 2023

V prispevku predstavimo napredno platformo za obdelavo merilnih podatkov (POMP), ki smo jo razvili za potrebe elektrodistribucijskih družb, katerim služi kot centralizirana baza za shranjevanje, validacijo in nadomeščanje 15-minutnih časovno odvisnih podatkov o števčnih meritvah. Opišemo večnivojsko arhitekturo platforme, ki temelji na sodobnih tehnologijah, kot so sporočilni sistem Apache Kafka, podatkovna baza TimescaleDB, mikrostoritveni vmesnik SmenDataBox ter storitveno vodilo Jurana. Platforma POMP združuje pet merilnih centrov in integrira več informacijskih sistemov, med katerimi izpostavimo rešitev Moj elektro, Centralni elektroenergetski portal Slovenije (CEEPS) in sistem eIS, ki so rezultat lastnega razvoja, pomenijo enotno vstopno točko za različne deležnike na elektroenergetskem trgu ter zagotavljajo mehanizme za poslovanje B2B in B2C. V članku podrobneje opišemo implementirane mehanizme za pridobivanje, prenos, validacijo in nadomeščanje merilnih podatkov. Umestimo jih v zakonodajni okvir in opredelimo pravila fleksibilnega obračuna omrežnine in električne energije, ki temeljijo na konceptih tarifnih blokov ter dogovorjene in presežne moči. Izpostavimo tudi ključne performančne podatke ter funkcionalne in nefunkcionalne značilnosti platforme POMP, ki potrjujejo, da je le-ta visoko zmogljiva, skalabilna in robustna.
Nadgradnja podatkovnih jezer s pomočjo formata za shranjevanje Delta Lake
Authors: Šestak Martina , Turkanović Muhamed
Published: September 2023

Sodobni sistemi za upravljanje velepodatkov pogosto zbirajo (vele)podatke iz več različnih virov, pri čemer se podatki razlikujejo po stopnji strukturiranosti, količini, načinu in pogostosti zajemanja, itn. Ker arhitekture takšnih sistemov morejo hkrati zagotoviti paketno in pretočno obdelavo podatkov, so kot rešitev za učinkovito shranjevanje podatkov razvita podatkovna kolišča, ki kombinirajo možnosti podatkovnih skladišč in jezer. Ena pogosto uporabljanih rešitev za vzpostavitev podatkovnega kolišča na trgu je odprtokodna rešitev Delta Lake. V prispevku bomo podrobneje predstavili format Delta Lake ter analizirali glavne razlike v primerjavi z obstoječimi odprtimi formati za shranjevanje podatkov v podatkovnem kolišču, kot sta Apache Hudi in Iceberg. Lastnosti formata Delta Lake bomo tudi vključili v razpravo o novem vzorcu obdelave podatkov Delta ter ga bomo primerjali s trenutno razširjenima vzorcema za pretočno obdelavo podatkov Lambda in Kappa. Iz tehničnega vidika bomo uporabo formata Delta Lake prikazali na praktičnem primeru implementacije podatkovne platforme za integracijo agroživilskih podatkov. V primeru bomo prikazali, kako nadgraditi obstoječe podatkovno jezero s pomočjo formata Delta Lake. Podatke shranjene v podatkovnem jezeru bomo obdelali s pomočjo okvirja Spark, pri čemer bomo izpostavili prednosti in morebitne omejitve dela s formatom Delta Lake.