bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Pulmonary Conduit Oversizing on Hemodynamics in Children
Authors: Sonntag Simon J. , Kütting Maximilan , Ghalati Pejman Farhadi , Kaufmann Tim , Vazquez-Jimenez Jaime , Steinseifer Ulrich , Vodiskar Janez
Published: November 2015

Purpose

Implanting the largest valved conduit possible – oversizing – to reconstruct an absent connection from the right ventricle to the pulmonary artery in certain types of congenital heart defects has been suggested as a compensating measure for somatic outgrowth of the patient. However, one effect that has not been investigated yet is the hemodynamic consequence. For this purpose, virtual implantation and flow simulations were conducted in this study.

Methods

To isolate the effects of conduit oversizing on the hemodynamics observed after conduit implantation and outgrowth, calculated wall shear stresses (WSS) of image-based computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulations were used as indicators. Three different sizes of valved conduits (20 mm, 22 mm, and 24 mm), including the largest possible conduit size, virtually implanted in a child-sized healthy pulmonary artery and the corresponding adult-sized model were investigated.

Results

The child and adult models show a decrease of the mean WSS (approx. 26%) in the whole domain with an increase of the conduit size. When looking at the mean WSS at the anastomosis, for the child model the WSS is significantly increased (approx. 40%) when oversizing (Z-score +3.21). In contrast, the stresses are decreased for the adult model (34%) when using the largest conduit (Z-score +0.25).

Conclusions

Based on the results of this study, it must be considered that choosing a prosthesis size that will lead to high WSS and an associated intimal reaction, possibly leading to stenosis, can defeat the benefit of having a nominally larger orifice area directly after implantation.
Improved Effect of Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy in Metabolic Status and Body Composition of Early Phase of Acute Pancreatitis
Authors: Wu Chao , Wang Xinying , Jiang Tingting , Li Weiqin , Li Ning , Li Jieshou
Published: November 2015

Objective

To observe the metabolic changes in the early phase of acute pancreatitis (AP) patients induced by continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT), and to investigate the correlation between the metabolic changes and outcomes of the AP patients.

Methods

We performed a retrospective analysis in the surgical intensive care unit (ICU) of a tertiary teaching hospital. A total of 169 patients diagnosed as AP were divided into 2 groups: CRRT group (n = 71) and non-CRRT group (n = 98), based on whether they received CRRT for more than 24 hours within 7 days from onset of AP. Measured energy expenditure was measured by indirect calorimetry and predicted energy expenditure was determined by specific equations on admission and day 7 (or the closest day to day 7), respectively. Meanwhile, the body composition was measured by multiple-frequency bioelectrical impedance analyzer. Blood test, body weight and vital signs were analyzed daily for both groups.

Results

In this study, we found a significant improvement in the hypermetabolism and fluid distribution of the CRRT group compared with the non-CRRT group. Complications, hospital and ICU length of stays were reduced in CRRT patients.

Conclusions

CRRT is an effective treatment for AP patients. Patients with overhydration and hypermetabolism may get improved outcomes from CRRT.
Conjugated Bile Acids in Gallbladder Bile and Serum as Potential Biomarkers for Cholesterol Polyps and Adenomatous Polyps
Authors: Zhao Mei-Fen , Huang Peng , Ge Chun-Lin , Sun Tao , Ma Zhi-Gang , Ye Fei-Fei
Published: November 2015

Purpose

To identify conjugated bile acids in gallbladder bile and serum as possible biomarkers for cholesterol polyps (CPs) and adenomatous polyps (APs).

Methods

Gallbladder bile samples and serum samples were collected from 18 patients with CPs (CP group), 9 patients with APs (AP group), and 20 patients with gallstones (control group) from March to November, 2013. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) assay with ultraviolent detection was used to detect the concentration of 8 conjugated bile acids (glycocholic acid, GCA; taurocholic acid, TCA; glycochenodeoxycholic acid, GCDCA; taurochenodeoxycholic acid, TCDCA; glycodeoxycholic acid, GDCA; taurodeoxycholic acid, TDCA; taurolithocholic acid, TLCA; tauroursodeoxycholic acid, TUDCA) in bile samples and serum samples. The diagnostic efficacy of serum GCA, GCDCA and TCDCA was evaluated.

Results

These 8 conjugated bile acids in gallbladder bile and serum were completely identified within 10 minutes with good linearity (correlation coefficient: R>0.9900; linearity range: 3.91-500 µg/mL). Among these conjugated bile acids, the levels of gallbladder bile GCDCA and TCDCA in the CP group were significantly higher than those in the AP group (p<0.05). Furthermore, serum GCDCA and TCDCA as well as GCA were significantly higher in the AP group than the CP group (p<0.05). Serum GCDCA alone (≤12 µg/mL) had relatively better diagnostic efficacy than the other conjugated bile acids.

Conclusions

The levels of serum GCA, GCDCA and TCDCA may be valuable for differentiation of APs and CPs.
Androgen Receptor CAG Repeat Length and Estrogen Receptor Status in Postmenopausal Breast Cancer Prognosis
Authors: Cogliati Patrizia , Ciniselli Chiara Maura , Agresti Roberto , Paolini Biagio , Bonini Chiara , Radice Paolo , Krogh Vittorio , Verderio Paolo , Venturelli Elisabetta
Published: November 2015

Purpose

The influence of the androgen receptor (AR) CAG repeat polymorphism on breast cancer is controversial. We investigated the combined effects of CAG repeat length and estrogen receptor (ER) status on prognosis in 355 postmenopausal women with primary breast cancer.

Methods

CAG repeat length was determined by the HUMARA test. Relapse-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) according to the X-weighted CAG repeat biallelic mean (XWBM) were investigated by univariate and multivariate analysis.

Results

XWBM was not associated with RFS or OS, but a significant interaction between XWBM and ER status (p = 0.002) was found for OS. ER-negative patients with median XWBM <20 showed lower OS than ER-negative/XWBM ≥20 patients (HR = 0.270; 95% Cl: 0.073-0.999). ER-negative/XWBM <20 patients also had significantly lower OS than ER-positive women, irrespective of CAG repeat length (p<0.001). Accordingly, estimated OS was lowest in ER-negative patients with XWBM <20 (OS: 0.63, 95% CI: 0.41-0.79) and highest in ER-positive patients with XWBM <20 (OS: 0.95, 95% CI: 0.90-0.97).

Conclusions

Our data suggest that short CAG repeat length is associated with increased risk of death in ER-negative disease but is related to better survival when ER is expressed. These findings are in agreement with the hypothesis that AR may stimulate or inhibit breast cancer growth depending on ER status, AR transactivation, and the endocrine-metabolic environment of breast tumors. Evaluation of CAG repeat length together with ER status could help improve the estimation of the risk of death, with possible implications for the optimization of standard breast cancer treatment and implementation of prevention strategies.
Oral Etoposide in Relapsed or Refractory Ewing Sarcoma: A Monoinstitutional Experience in Children and Adolescents
Authors: Podda Marta G. , Luksch Roberto , Puma Nadia , Gandola Lorenza , Morosi Carlo , Terenziani Monica , Ferrari Andrea , Casanova Michela , Spreafico Filippo , Meazza Cristina , Catania Serena , Schiavello Elisabetta , Biassoni Veronica , Chiaravalli Stefano , Massimino Maura
Published: November 2015

Aims

To assess the efficacy and toxicity of low-dose oral etoposide (VP) 16 in relapsing/refractory Ewing sarcoma.

Methods

The records of all patients treated at our department between 1989 and 2012 for relapsing/refractory Ewing sarcoma who received oral VP-16 were analyzed. The dose was 40 mg/m2 daily for 21 consecutive days in every 28. Response was assessed after 2/3 cycles according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors 1.0.

Results

A total of 46 of 58 patients completed at least 2 cycles; 12 suspended the treatment earlier due to rapid disease progression. The patients’ median age at diagnosis was 14 years and 25/58 had metastatic disease. All patients received intensive polychemotherapy including VP-16 IV as first- (n = 53) or second-line (n = 5) treatment; 21/58 had myeloablative regimens with peripheral blood stem cell rescue, and 1 underwent allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Oral VP-16 was prescribed as 2nd-, 3rd-, and 4th-line treatment for 19, 27, and 12 patients, respectively. The cycles administered totaled 241 (median 3, mean 4 per patient; range 1-14). A total of 46 of 58 patients were evaluable: 11 responded (9 partial remission, 1 very good partial remission, 1 complete remission) and 10 were stable, the response lasting a mean of 8 months. Hematologic toxicity G3/G4 (in 164/241 evaluable cycles) occurred in 15%, 16%, and 11% of cycles for leukocytes, hemoglobin, and platelets, respectively. There were 5 cases of pneumonia. Two patients developed secondary leukemia after receiving 12 and 14 cycles.

Conclusions

Low-dose oral VP-16 may be suitable in a palliative setting with an acceptable toxicity. The risk of secondary leukemia is in line with reports in the literature.
Impact of Intrafractional Respiratory-Induced Prostate Mobility on PTV Size
Authors: Bodusz Dawid , Miszczyk Leszek
Published: November 2015

Purpose

Daily image-guided radiation therapy significantly reduces setup errors, but it does not minimize intrafractional target mobility; respiratory-induced target motion is one of the reasons for this. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of respiratory-induced prostate motion on the clinical target volume (CTV) margins.

Methods

The analysis comprised 50 videos stored in digital format and recorded in a group of 50 patients during image-guided radiation therapy for prostate cancer. Fluoroscopy time was 10 seconds. Respiratory motion of the prostate in the anterior-posterior and lateral direction was assessed on the basis of a fiducial marker (GoldAnchor) implanted into the prostate before the treatment planning procedure.

Results

The average values and standard deviations of respiratory-induced prostate motion in the superior-inferior and left-right (lateral) directions were 2.6 ± 2.1 mm and 0.7 ± 0.7 mm, respectively. The CTV margins calculated according to the van Herk formula based on respiratory prostate motion were 8 mm in the superior-inferior direction and 2 mm in the lateral direction.

Conclusions

Respiratory-induced prostate mobility during radiotherapy is significant especially in the superior-inferior direction, and can thus induce a geographical error. This confirms the need for determining CTV margins for this type of respiratory-induced mobility.
A Case Report of Mantle Cell Lymphoma Manifesting as a Foot Lesion
Authors: Samarghandi Arash , Ahuja Shradha , Gupta Sorab , Fulger Ilmana , Katava Gordana , Fang Yanan
Published: November 2015

Introduction

Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma that most commonly affects men above the age of 60 years. The disease is called MCL because the tumor cells originate from the mantle zone of the lymph node. The most commonly affected sites are the lymph nodes, bone marrow, gastrointestinal tract, Waldeyer's ring and rarely the skin, breast and central nervous system. Only 22 cases with skin manifestation of MCL have been reported so far.

Case

We report the case of a 73-year-old woman who was diagnosed with MCL and underwent treatment, but later relapsed and presented with an ulcerated mass over her right foot. She underwent 6 cycles of chemotherapy with bendamustine plus rituximab and responded with resolution of the foot lesion.

Discussion and conclusions

MCL is an aggressive lymphoma with a median overall survival of 3-5 years for advanced disease, while early-stage disease has a better prognosis. It rarely involves the skin. Since cutaneous lesions can be the first manifestation of MCL, awareness of this less common presentation is crucial to establish an early diagnosis and pursue treatment as early as possible, as it significantly impacts the survival rate.
Making It Fit: The Appropriation of Poe in Boy's Own Magazine
Authors: Petzold Jochen
Published: November 2015

The essay examines how short stories and the beginning of The Narrative of Arthur Gordon Pym were changed for the inclusion in the first three volumes of Samuel Beeton's Boy's Own Magazine (1855–57), and is hence a contribution to the study of the early reception of Poe's fiction in Britain. It is argued that the changes reflect Beeton's editorial policy of providing “healthy” and useful reading for boys. Hence, some texts were selected for their didactic value, others were edited for greater propriety. This editorial policy becomes particularly clear in the case of “Pym's Narrative,” with regard to alcohol, violence and “horror.”
“That Name'll Never Be Worth Anything”: Poe's Image on Film
Authors: Peeples Scott
Published: November 2015

The well-traveled pun on “Poe” and “poor” is a lens through which the author views depictions of Poe in films ranging from D. W. Griffith's 1909 short to James McTeigue's The Raven (2012). Both early biopics and later films in which Poe is written into a fictional plot rely on the “meme” of Poe being underestimated and unappreciated in his own time, only to be valued highly by later generations of readers. This simplified image of Poe's character and genius corresponds with the great value placed on his literary remains (such as copies of Tamerlane and Other Poems), items valued more highly for having once been overlooked or underestimated.
Edgar Allan Poe's Marian Consecration: Catholic Eschatology, Mariology, and Liturgy in “Morella,” “The Raven,” and “Hymn”
Authors: Mirarchi Stephen
Published: November 2015

Recent scholarly attempts to place Edgar Allan Poe in the nineteenth-century American mainstream have resulted in a renewed discussion of the religious in his works. While a recent article depicts Poe's aesthetics as moderately Anglican, this study shows how Poe used Catholic eschatology, the study of the four last things; Mariology, teachings on the Virgin Mary; and liturgy, the rite of the Roman Catholic Mass and its extended prayers, in precise ways. While “Morella” and “The Raven” exhibit Poe's reliance on Catholic elements to show the horror of inverting them, “Hymn” expresses the speaker's hope that anyone could be brought by Mary to God. These conspicuous elements confirm Poe's interest in Catholicism and call for a fresh valuation of Catholic aesthetics in his works.
“Never Bet the Devil Your Head”: Fuseli's The Nightmare and Collapsing Masculinity in Poe's “The Black Cat”
Authors: Moreland Clark T. , Rodriguez Karime
Published: November 2015

We contend that the narrator in Edgar Allan Poe's “The Black Cat” is horrified not only by the way his reason degenerates over the course of the tale but also by the increasingly passive, feminized figure that he feels he has become. In short, we argue that his terror develops not only from a perceived loss of mind but also of manhood. An allusion in the tale to Henry Fuseli's The Nightmare, which Poe almost certainly knew about, is a cipher of sorts, an important clue to help readers understand the terror the narrator experiences in “The Black Cat.” Fuseli's painting depicts an incubus sitting on the chest of a sleeping woman, filling the spectator with a sense of terror. A similar reaction occurs when reading “The Black Cat.” Like the narrator, who believes an innocent cat is actually a demon sent to torture him, readers are horrified by the gender reversal which Poe portrays. Poe exploits masculine gender constructs which claim that the distinguishing characteristic of men is their heightened ability to reason by showing a man completely at the mercy of his passions and instincts, just as the sleeping woman in Fuseli's painting is held captive by the perverse imp. If the reader is unaware of Fuseli's painting, or does not grasp Poe's clever reversal of gender roles in the story, then this horror remains shrouded in mystery.
Treatment of Gastrin-Secreting Tumor With Sustained-Release Octreotide Acetate in a Dog
Authors: Kim Sangho , Hosoya Kenji , Takagi Satoshi , Okumura Masahiro
Published: November 2015

An 8 yr old, intact male Shiba Inu was presented with loose stool, polydipsia, hematuria, vomiting, and anorexia. On abdominal ultrasonography, numerous nodules were detected in the hepatic parenchyma distributed diffusely throughout all lobes. Excisional biopsy of one of the nodules was performed via exploratory laparotomy. A histopathological diagnosis of the lesion was carcinoid, and the tumor cells stained positive to chromogranin A and gastrin. The serum gastrin level of the dog was 45,613 pg/mL (reference range: 160–284). In addition to medical treatment with omeprazolec and famotidinee, suppression of gastrin secretion was attempted with octreotide acetate. A test dose of octreotide acetate significantly decreased the serum gastrin level to approximately one third of the baseline in 2 hr and the effect lasted approximately for 6 hr. On day 21, treatment with sustained-release formulation of octreotide acetatea (5 mg intramuscular, q 4 wk) was initiated. The serum gastrin concentration gradually decreased over 32 days and then progressively increased in parallel with the progression of the hepatic nodules. The dog gradually developed recurrence of initial clinical signs, and was lost to follow-up on day 510.
Challenges and constraints in meeting international standards in UAE education: External objectives versus local realities
Authors: O'Sullivan Kathy
Published: November 2015

The purpose of this paper is to examine some of the challenges faced by a private university in the United Arab Emirates in balancing the specific needs of the country's educational system with the requirements of both national reporting measures and international accreditation. It highlights some critical issues, restraints and innovations in education reform.

A higher education system of quality is necessary for the evolution of a society. Yet, in an increasingly globalised world, when information regarding local culture and the local community is subsumed by standardised information required by international accreditation agencies, higher education institutions are tasked with matching the ambitious goals they have with very diverse local realities. In-depth interviews with administrators, faculty members and students resulted in narratives that shed light on what participants perceive as the challenges to achieving international standards in an environment with many local constraints.

Strategic questions are also posed as to what shape the development of a national higher education system should take. This is against the backdrop of a recent proliferation of branch campuses of foreign universities and private universities in the Gulf region in general, and the United Arab Emirates in particular, that are primarily self-funding.

This study provides recommendations to educational leaders and policy planners to arrive at plausible, meaningful solutions to the issue of taking into account often-neglected local contextual realities, to help provide for quality education to the local population while at the same time meeting international standards.
EFL Arab Learners’ Peer Revision of Writing in a Facebook Group: Contributions to Written Texts and Sense of Online Community
Authors: Razak Norizan Abdul , Saeed Murad Abdu
Published: November 2015

This qualitative study investigated peer writing revision among English as foreign language (EFL) Arab students in a Facebook group. Specifically, it aimed to identify the text revisions made by the learners and to determine their contributions to the learners’ written texts and sense of online community outside the college classroom context. Being framed within the situated learning approach (Wenger, 1998), the current study was carried out among 14 EFL Arab university learners from Yemen, Algeria, Tunisia, Syria, Sudan and Egypt. A purposeful sampling was perfomed to achieve a heterogeneous group of EFL learners. A qualitative content analysis of the learners’ written paragraphs (original and revised drafts), online interactional exchanges and responses to the post-revision reflection discussions was employed in this study. The findings showed that addition, substitution, deletion, permutation, consolidation, and distribution were identified as the main revision operations made by the EFL learners. These revisions operations and changes contributed to enhancing learners’ end-products or texts in terms of content, unity and organization, language and mechanics. The learners’ engagement in the online revision activities fostered their sense of online learning community by creating an interactive friendly learning environment, building and nurturing new relationships based on shared interests and developing a sense of belonging.
Toward Differentiated Assessment in a Public College in Oman
Authors: Ali Holi Ibrahim Holi
Published: November 2015

Differentiated assessment (DA) seeks to address the individual differences between students and provides them with the appropriate assessment strategy. This paper looks into the possibility of impelemting differentiated assessment in a public college in Oman. Additionally, it attempts to explore teachers' views about the possibility of implementing DA and to what extent do they support the idea of using DA and why. Further, it strives to identify some institutional, instructional and pedagogical challenges which might hinder the implementation of differentiated assessment and to find some best possible ways and strategies for implementing it in this context in question. A questionnaire was administered to 40 teachers to answer the study questions and to propose an assessment model on differentiated assessment. The results revealed that all the participants strongly support the idea of implementing the use of differentiated assessment in the Department of English Language and Literature (DELL), however, there are many institutional and pedagogical challenges need to be considered. Some recommendations and pedagogical implications were presented.
The Relationship between Sleep Quality and Social Intimacy, and Academic Burn-Out in Students of Medical Sciences
Authors: Arbabisarjou Azizollah , Mehdi Hashemi Seyed , Sharif Mohammad Reza , Alizadeh Kobra Haji , Yarmohammadzadeh Peyman , Feyzollahi Zahra
Published: November 2015

INTRODUCTION: Academic burnout leads to creation of a series of negative and scattered thoughts, loss of hope and emotional and physical exhaustion in carrying out activities. Two factors that affect academic burnout are sleep quality and social intimacy. This study was conducted in order to investigate the relationship between sleep quality and social intimacy, and academic burn-out in the students of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences

MATERIALS & METHODS: This study was descriptive and correlational. The population of this study consisted of the students in Tabriz University of Medical Sciences and 196 medical students were selected. They completed Berso et al. Academic Burnout Questionnaire, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Miller Social Intimacy Scale (MSIS). The validity of the questionnaires confirmed by experts’ views. Their reliability were obtained as 77%, 64% and 85% for academic burnout, sleep quality and social intimacy questionnaires respectively by calculating the internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha). For data analysis, descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation test, Regression, cluster analysis and t-test were used.

RESULTS: The results showed that there was a positive and significant relationship between sleep quality and academic burnout at the level p<0.05 (r=0.38). There was a negative and significant relationship between social intimacy and academic burnout at the level p<0.05 (r= -0.40). Also, the regression results showed that sleep quality and social intimacy were able to predict 37% and 39% of academic burnout respectively. Moreover, the students were divided into two clusters of individuals with high social intimacy and individuals with low social intimacy. No significant difference was found between the two types in terms of the variable of academic burn-out.

CONCLUSION: Based on the research results, it can be stated that the variables of sleep quality and social intimacy are the predictor factors of academic burn-out.
Nieuwe kennispraktijken: grenzenwerk revisited
Authors: Duiveman Robert , Grin John , Hafkamp Wim , Metze Tamara
Published: November 2015

New knowledge practices: boundary work revisited

Given the scientific and social importance attached to productive interactions between science and policy practices, there is a striking lack of insight into current knowledge practices and the dilemmas they lead to. Our special issue can’t solve this deficiency but it can provide an impetus for opening up current knowledge practices, reflect on the role of science in them and instigate a more systematic exchange of methods. A warning is given for the reification of boundary work and Gabrielle Bammers’ Implementation and Integration Sciences is introduced as framework for the analyses.
Kenniscocreatie rond vernieuwing gebiedsontwikkeling is zinnig
Authors: de Boer Ymkje , Klinkenberg Jan
Published: November 2015

Knowledge co-creation productive in the field of innovative area development

The research programme Urban Regions in the Delta (URD) wielded an approach worthy of emulation. Create ‘vital’ project consortia, crosslink the research project with on-going planning and policy making processes, give senior scientists a major role and engage expert process managers. These are four key success factors for knowledge co-creation in the field of area development, according to the programme (Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research; URD, 2010-2014 http://urd.verdus.nl). Within URD scientists and practitioners were cooperating from the very beginning. The scientific insight and innovations generated are considered not very visible in traditional scientific publications, but the knowledge that was developed provides considerable added value to society.
Leerproces voor planologisch wetenschappelijk onderzoek en de praktijk
Authors: Beukers Els , Tan Wendy
Published: November 2015

Lessons for practice-oriented research approaches in spatial planning

Planning research is increasingly focused on bridging the gap between practice and academia. However, this requires much effort and is not as commonplace as it seems. To ensure success, innovative research approaches, practitioners and academics are required. The experiential learning cycle of Kolb and Fry (1974) offers a research framework for the authors to reflect on their practice-oriented research on Cost Benefit Analysis processes (CBA) and Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) respectively. Both research projects are compared using the learning cycle. The cycle was completed in the CBA project but only partially resolved in the TOD project. Reflecting on their experiences with applying the learning cycle, the authors conclude on the possibilities and limitations of this application and offer insight into how the interaction between theory and practice can occur.
Grenzen verleggen in een dialoog over watermonitoring: beperkingen en kansen voor een transitie naar een bio-based economie
Authors: Metze Tamara , Schuitmaker Tjerk Jan
Published: November 2015

Pushing boundaries in a dialogue on monitoring water quality: limitations and opportunities for a transition to a bio-based economy

A transition to a bio based economy requires social and technological innovations. Transition management theory holds that these innovations take place in niches that can bring about structural change in society, politics and the economy in a stepwise manner. However, these innovations are always subjected to systemic barriers, such as regulations and institutional structures, that need to be overcome. This was also the case in a consortium of government, industry and eco-toxicologists that collaboratively developed innovative water monitoring tools. In this contribution the authors investigate how systemic barriers can be made productive in a science-society dialogue by creating reflexivity and learning. They conducted a frame analysis of interviews and policy documents to unravel systemic barriers to innovation – in the form of discursive boundary work: the routinized demarcations of practices. Second, they experimented with a science-society dialogue to reflect on these routinized demarcations and develop alternatives to overcome these boundaries. The research demonstrates that reflective conversations occurred and that participants developed a boundary concept of ‘living water’ that enhanced their innovative collaboration and technology.
De staat als twaalfde man
Authors: van Duijn Dirk , Verheul Wouter Jan
Published: November 2015

The state as twelfth player. Will public investment in stadiums add value to cities?

On a regular basis, the funding of football stadiums is an issue for large cities. Since football clubs appeal to the municipality for financial support, this is a public matter. Why should a municipality invest in a private project, such as a football stadium? What are the opportunities and risks? What is the public value of a stadium for the city? Based on literature reviews and case studies in Eindhoven and Amsterdam, this article examines what government involvement in stadium projects means, and what the outcomes of this involvement are. The cases show that stadiums may have social and economic spin-off effects on their surroundings, but one cannot take that for granted. Careful processes and elaborate strategies are needed for public investment in stadiums to really add value to the city. Based on the analyses, an assessment framework is presented for the benefit of new stadium project initiatives.
Enseñar a transitar desde la Educación Primaria: el Proyecto Profesional y Vital
Authors: González Lorente Cristina , González Morga Natalia
Published: November 2015

Comenzar desde edades tempranas a identificar y gestionar las potencialidades y los recursos personales que tiene el alumnado, se considera uno de los pilares básicos para afrontar los diferentes cambios y desafíos que se plantean, tanto fuera como dentro del sistema educativo. Este trabajo se centra en las primeras transiciones que experimentan los estudiantes en su trayectoria académica y pretende dar consistencia y coherencia a la intervención educativa del maestro-tutor desde la acción tutorial, para acompañar a los jóvenes en el tránsito de la Educación Primaria a la Educación Secundaria a partir de una acción orientadora centrada en la elaboración del Proyecto Profesional y Vital, entendido como construcción activa que se desarrolla a lo largo de la vida y en momentos de cambio. Hacer uso de esta herramienta en las aulas de Educación Primaria, implica comenzar un necesario proceso de descubrimiento personal (quién soy) y del entorno más inmediato (dónde estoy) de los estudiantes, acompañándoles en este proceso de introspección y reflexión para facilitar una plena adaptación a la nueva cultura escolar y fortalecer su capacidad de tomar decisiones autónomas y responsables a lo largo de su itinerario académico, profesional y vital.
La construcción de identidad compartida en un aula intercultural
Authors: Chamseddine Habib Allah Mohamed
Published: November 2015

En este trabajo se describe el proceso de construcción de identidad de las personas migradas. Se realiza una aproximación al concepto de cultura como pautas de significados, destacando su carácter dinámico y evolutivo.

La identidad se convierte en otro elemento clave en el tratamiento del tema que nos ocupa ya que engloba aspectos personales, sociales, étnicos y culturales. Se considera inevitable la estrecha vinculación entre ambos términos de manera indisociable, ya que tanto el concepto de cultura como identidad se asocian a un conjunto de rasgos comunes.

El dilema del proceso de construcción de identidad implica superar desafíos internos y externos que se transforman en diversas modalidades de identidades. Esto genera una relación dialéctica y no unilateral entre la persona migrada que trata de cubrir esta necesidad en su nuevo contexto social. El artículo pone de manifiesto las principales dificultades que se dan a lo largo de esta construcción de identidad, situando la escuela como el escenario privilegiado para elaborar estrategias educativas encaminadas a facilitar una identidad intercultural compartida. Facilitar la representación de la diversidad cultural en el marco escolar a través de competencias interculturales será una clave estratégica en el proceso de construcción de una escuela intercultural e inclusiva.
Efficiency enhancement of solution-processed inverted organic solar cells with a carbon-nanotube-doped active layer
Authors: Lin Wen-Kai , Su Shui-Hsiang , Yeh Meng-Cheng , Huang Yang-Chan , Yokoyama Meiso
Published: November 2015

Solution-processed titanium-doped ZnO (TZO) is synthesized by the sol–gel method to be the electron-transporting layer (ETL) in an inverted organic solar cell (IOSC). Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are doped into an active layer of poly(3-hexylthiophene):[6,6]-phenyl C 61 butyric acid methyl ester (P3HT:PCBM). The addition of CNTs in the P3HT:PCBM composite increases the conjugation length of P3HT:PCBM:CNTs, which simultaneously enhances the capacity of the composite to absorb solar energy radiation. Vanadium oxide (V2O5) was spin-coated onto the active layer to be a hole-transporting layer (HTL). The power conversion efficiency (PCE) results indicate that the V2O5 nanobelt structure possesses better phase separation and provides a more efficient surface area for the P3HT:PCBM:CNT active layer to increase photocurrent. The optimized IOSCs exhibited an open circuit voltage (V
oc), a short-circuit current density (J
sc), a fill factor (FF), and a PCE of 0.55 V, 6.50 mA/cm2, 58.34%, and 2.20%, respectively, under simulated AM1.5G illumination of 100 mW/cm2.
A framework for cut-over management
Authors: Nageldinger Guido
Published: November 2015

The purpose of this paper is to provide a governance structure for IT-related projects in order to assure a safeguarded and timely transition to a productive environment. This transitioning, which rarely exceeds a weekend, is colloquially called ‘cut-over’, ‘rollout’ or ‘deployment’. The governance structure is defined in accordance with a set of project-specific deliverables for a cascade-type procedural project-management model, which is integrated within an Information Technology Infrastructure Library (ITIL)-orientated service organization. This integration is illustrated by the use of a semi-agile release model. Due to the release model selected, which is particularly characterized by its bundling of projects for a release-specific rollout (as it is referred to in the project documentation), a new definition and interpretation of deployment from a generic ITIL perspective is required. The facilitated release model requires a distinction between aproject-specific cut-overand arelease-specific rollout. This separation gives rise to two types of go-live scenarios: one for each participating project and one for each release. Additionally, an interplay between cut-over planning for a project and rollout planning for a release becomes apparent. Projects should already incorporate cut-over related deliverables in the initial planning phase. Even though consulting methodologies such as ASAP (Accelerated SAP), recommend scattered, project-specific deliverables useful for cut-over planning, this publication offers an integrated approach on how to prepare systematically for a project-specific cut-over with all required deliverables. The framework provided maps out ITIL’s release and deployment process by means of IT projects; furthermore it allows IT projects to interface easily with the ITIL change-management process.
Nonstationary desertification dynamics of desert oasis under climate change and human interference
Authors: Huang Guohe , Qin Xiaosheng , He Li , Zhang Hua , Li Yongping , Li Zhong
Published: November 2015

Desertification is becoming a major ecological concern in arid and semiarid regions, especially under climate change. Globally, it is burning up lands for human habitats with a rapidly spreading tendency. Many scientists have been struggling to explore the related mechanisms. Challenges remain in revealing the fundamental principle in terms of desert‐oasis interactions that are associated with nonstationary variations. Here we present a theory of desertification dynamics through examining nonstationary effects of climate change and human interference. We hypothesize that such dynamics can be described as the fate and transport of dry air mass continuously generated from desert. We simulate a region in northwestern China and reveal that dynamics of the nonstationary desertification process is subject to interactive impacts from a variety of factors. Our study moves forward the field of desertification studies through initiation of the dynamics and nonstationarity concepts which allow the fundamental mechanism to be disclosed.
Modeling ice dynamic contributions to sea level rise from the Antarctic Peninsula
Authors: Schannwell C. , Barrand N. E. , Radić V.
Published: November 2015

The future ice dynamical contribution to sea level rise (SLR) from 199 ice shelf nourishing drainage basins of the Antarctic Peninsula Ice Sheet is simulated, using the British Antarctic Survey Antarctic Peninsula Ice Sheet Model. Simulations of the grounded ice sheet include response to ice shelf collapse, estimated by tracking thermal ice shelf viability limits in 14 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change global climate models ensemble temperature projections. Grounding line retreat in response to ice shelf collapse is parameterized with a new multivariate linear regression model utilizing a range of glaciological and geometric predictor variables. Multimodel means project SLR up to 9.4 mm sea level equivalent (SLE) by 2200, and up to 19 mm SLE by 2300. Rates of SLR from individual drainage basins throughout the peninsula are similar to 2100, yet diverge between 2100 and 2300 due to individual basin characteristics. Major contributors to SLR are the outlet glaciers feeding southern George VI Ice Shelf, accounting for >75% of total SLR in some model runs. Ice sheet thinning induced by ice‐shelf removal is large (up to ∼500 m), especially in Palmer Land in the southern Antarctic Peninsula, and may propagate as far as 135 km inland. These results emphasize the importance of the ice dynamical contribution to future sea level of the APIS on decadal to centennial timescales.
Content Analysis
Authors: Neuendorf Kimberly A. , Kumar Anup
Published: November 2015

This entry reviews the methodological options for and issues important to quantitative content analysis, including human coding versus computer‐aided text analysis, reliability, validity (including external validity), and the integration of content analysis data with additional, extra‐message data. A general overview of qualitative approaches to content analysis is also provided. Further, the applications of content analysis in the field of political communication are reviewed, with two main focuses: the study of messages fulfilling a news function, and those supporting a campaign function.
Media Performance
Authors: McQuail Denis
Published: November 2015

The term
media performance
refers to a particular form of systematic critical analysis of the conduct and content of mass media in pursuing their stated or expected objectives. The focus may be on issues of professional quality or on goals relating to the wider public interest. The two often coincide. The main elements are the selection and definition of evaluative concepts and the collection of empirical data, mainly from practitioners, actual content, or audiences.
Hypertension presenting early in pregnancy
Authors: Melvin Audrey , Kinsley Brendan
Published: November 2015

Key Clinical Message

Paraganglioma in pregnancy is an exceedingly rare and potentially life‐threatening diagnosis. It is important that the clinicians consider secondary causes when women present with hypertension in early pregnancy.
Induction treatment of acute myeloid leukemia in an elderly patient with intramarrow injection/administration of cytarabine: first report of a case
Authors: Islam Anwarul
Published: November 2015

Key Clinical Message

We have used intramarrow injection/administration of cytarabine (Ara‐C) instead of conventional intravenous approach to induce remission in an elderly patient with acute myelogenous leukemia. We show for the first time that the intramarrow injection of chemotherapeutic agents such as Ara‐C can be used safely and effectively.
Objective pulsatile tinnitus
Authors: Yacovino Dario A. , Casas Pablo
Published: November 2015

Key Clinical Message

Tinnitus is the usually unwanted perception of sound, in most cases there is no genuine physical source of sound. Less than 10% of tinnitus patients suffer from pulsatile tinnitus. Objective Pulsatile tinnitus can also be the first indication of dural arteriovenous fistula, so examination for such vascular origin must be performed.
A 19 year follow‐up of a woman with lipoprotein lipase deficiency treated with biliopancreatic diversion
Authors: Nosso Gabriella , Capaldo Brunella , Cocozza Sara , Vaccaro Olga
Published: November 2015

Key Clinical Message

We show the long‐term efficacy and safety of modified biliopancreatic diversion for the treatment of LPL‐deficiency. How this option compares with gene therapy is difficult to evaluate due to limited experience. Surgery may be the first option in patients in whom medical therapy is ineffective and gene therapy not applicable.
Four‐Component Relativistic DFT Calculations of 13C Chemical Shifts of Halogenated Natural Substances
Authors: Casella Girolamo , Bagno Alessandro , Komorovsky Stanislav , Repisky Michal , Saielli Giacomo
Published: November 2015

We have calculated the 13C NMR chemical shifts of a large ensemble of halogenated organic molecules (81 molecules for a total of 250 experimental 13C NMR data at four different levels of theory), ranging from small rigid organic compounds, used to benchmark the performance of various levels of theory, to natural substances of marine origin with conformational degrees of freedom. Carbon atoms bonded to heavy halogen atoms, particularly bromine and iodine, are known to be rather challenging when it comes to the prediction of their chemical shifts by quantum methods, due to relativistic effects. In this paper, we have applied the state‐of‐the‐art four‐component relativistic density functional theory for the prediction of such NMR properties and compared the performance with two‐component and nonrelativistic methods. Our results highlight the necessity to include relativistic corrections within a four‐component description for the most accurate prediction of the NMR properties of halogenated organic substances.
Entropy‐Driven 1,2‐Type Friedel–Crafts Reaction of Phenols with N‐tert‐Butoxycarbonyl Aldimines
Authors: Kato Masaru , Hirao Shogo , Nakano Katsuhiro , Sato Makoto , Yamanaka Masahiro , Sohtome Yoshihiro , Nagasawa Kazuo
Published: November 2015

Differential activation entropy (ΔΔS≠) is revisited as an important parameter that governs catalytic stereodiscrimination processes by investigating temperature effects on the basis of the Eyring theory. However, correlating the ΔΔS≠ effect and the molecular structure of the asymmetric catalyst is still an underdeveloped area. Efforts to identify factors (including catalyst structure, reactants, and reaction conditions) that contribute to the attainment of large ΔΔS≠ values for enantioselective 1,2‐type Friedel‐Crafts reactions of phenols with N‐tert‐butoxycarbonyl aldimines catalyzed by conformationally flexible guanidine bisthioureas are described. First, we uncover an interesting property of the ΔΔS≠‐driven stereodiscrimination process: maximum enantioselectivity is obtained at around room temperature. Second, a plausible transition‐state model accounting for the characteristic ΔΔS≠ effect and the structural dynamics of the conformationally flexible organocatalyst in the stereodiscrimination process is discussed.
Sample injection and electrophoretic separation on a simple laminated paper based analytical device
Authors: Xu Chunxiu , Zhong Minghua , Cai Longfei , Zheng Qingyu , Zhang Xiaojun
Published: November 2015

We described a strategy to perform multistep operations on a simple laminated paper‐based separation device by using electrokinetic flow to manipulate the fluids. A laminated crossed‐channel paper‐based separation device was fabricated by cutting a filter paper sheet followed by lamination. Multiple function units including sample loading, sample injection, and electrophoretic separation were integrated on a single paper based analytical device for the first time, by applying potential at different reservoirs for sample, sample waste, buffer, and buffer waste. As a proof‐of‐concept demonstration, mixed sample solution containing carmine and sunset yellow were loaded in the sampling channel, and then injected into separation channel followed by electrophoretic separation, by adjusting the potentials applied at the four terminals of sampling and separation channel. The effects of buffer pH, buffer concentration, channel width, and separation time on resolution of electrophoretic separation were studied. This strategy may be used to perform multistep operations such as reagent dilution, sample injection, mixing, reaction, and separation on a single microfluidic paper based analytical device, which is very attractive for building micro total analysis systems on microfluidic paper based analytical devices.
Targeted exome sequencing profiles genetic alterations in leiomyosarcoma
Authors: Agaram Narasimhan P. , Zhang Lei , LeLoarer Francois , Silk Tarik , Sung Yun‐Shao , Scott Sasinya N. , Kuk Deborah , Qin Li‐Xuan , Berger Michael F. , Antonescu Cristina R. , Singer Samuel
Published: November 2015

Leiomyosarcoma (LMS) belongs to the class of genetically complex sarcomas and shows numerous, often non‐recurrent chromosomal imbalances and aberrations. We investigated a group of LMS using NGS platform to identify recurrent genetic abnormalities and possible therapeutic targets. Targeted exome sequencing of 230 cancer‐associated genes was performed on 35 primary soft tissue and visceral (extra‐uterine) LMS. Sequence data were analyzed to identify single nucleotide variants, small insertions/deletions (indels), and copy number alterations. Key alterations were further investigated using FISH assay. The study group included patients with median age of 64 years and median tumor size of 7 cm. The primary sites included retroperitoneal/intra‐abdominal, extremity, truncal, and visceral. Thirty‐one tumors were high grade LMS, while four were low grade. Losses of chromosomal regions involving key tumor suppressor genes PTEN (10q), RB1 (13q), CDH1 (16q), and TP53 (17p) were the most frequent genetic events. Gains mainly involved chromosome regions 17p11.2 (MYOCD) and 15q25‐26 (IGF1R). The most frequent mutations were identified in the TP53 gene in 13 of 35 (37%) cases. FISH analysis showed amplification of the myocardin (MYOCD) gene in 5 of 25 (20%) cases analyzed. None of the four low grade LMS showed losses or mutations of PTEN or TP53 genes. Genetic complexity is the hallmark of LMS with losses of important tumor suppressor genes being a common feature. MYOCD, a key gene associated with smooth muscle differentiation, is amplified in a subset of both retroperitoneal and extremity LMS. Further studies are necessary to investigate the significance of gains/amplifications in the development of these tumors. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.