bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Special issue - European Radon Week 2020
Authors: Gutierrez Villanueva Jose Luis , Cinelli Giorgia , Gruber Valeria
Published: March 2022

Why European Radon Week? Why combine three different workshops into a single unique event? Around Europe, several radon events have been organised separately. The European Radon Association (ERA) organised an annual workshop, and the Joint Research Centre of the European Commission (JRC) used to host a radon event every 2 years. Occasionally, there are standalone events like the workshop summarising the results of the MetroRADON project.
DIAGNOSIS OF LEFT VENTRICULAR DIASTOLIC DYSFUNCTION ON RESTING ECG – A PROSPECTIVE STUDY
Authors: Sivaram Kalavakolanu Sharada , Priya Mohana
Published: March 2022

Background: Heart failure due to preserved as well as reduced ejection fraction is a major healthcare challenge;
echocardiography, including tissue Doppler Imaging (TDI) serves as the cornerstone of its diagnosis. ECG is a widely
available,relatively inexpensive tool for predicting left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD).
Objectives:We aimed to study different parameters in resting 12-lead ECG to evaluate whether they can predict LVDD
diagnosed on detailed echocardiography including TDI.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 39 patients undergoing echocardiographic study in cardiology
department of our institute.They were classified into two groups based on LVDD (Group 1 Normal, Group 2 LVDD) and
their resting 12-lead ECG was analyzed for following parameters: QT interval, corrected QT interval, P wave duration
(PW-D) and height (PW-H) in Lead 2, P terminal wave duration (P term-D) and height ( P term-H) in lead V1, P wave
terminal force in lead V1.Correlation of these parameters with LVDD was investigated.
Results: Study included 39 patients,females 16,males 23,with age range 20-87 (mean 48) years.Group 1 comprised of
14 normal echo patients and 25 patients with LVDD were in Group 2. The Mean QTc was 419ms (SD 21) and 440ms (SD 30)
in Group 1 and Group 2 respectively, which was statistically significant (p =0.03). The P terminal wave duration V1
difference was statistically significant (p 0.03) with a mean of 39±17 ms vs 52±19 ms in Grp 1 and Grp 2 respectively. P
terminal wave height V1 was 0.79±0.26 mm in Grp 1 and 1.1±0.41 mm in Grp 2, which was statistically significant (p=
0.01). Morris Index was statistically highly significant between the two groups (0.03±0.02 mm.s Grp1 and 0.07±0.04
mm.s in Grp2,p 0.009).P wave height lead 2 was 1.1±0.4 mm and 1.7±0.6 mm in Grp 1 and Grp 2 respectively (p= 0.002).
P wave duration in Lead 2 did not find significance statistically (p 0.08) with mean 90±19 ms versus 103±26ms in Group 1
and 2 respectively.
Conclusion: QTc, P terminal wave duration and amplitude in V1, Morris Index, and P wave amplitude in lead 2 are
significantly higher in patients with echocardiographic diagnosis of LVDD.
CHANGES IN BLOOD DURING STORAGE FOR TRANSFUSION
Authors: V. Bakaloudis Athanasios , G. Andreadou Marianna , Kalogiannidou Irini M. , Osman Nazli O. , S. Mavromatidis Konstantinos
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Over the past 20 years, extensive research has been conducted on blood transfusion and the hazards
arising from them, as well as on safest maximum storage duration for blood derivatives. Blood transfusion rates in
patients with and-stage renal disease may have declined markedly after the discovery and use of erythropoietin in the
mid-1980s, but is still remains a standard of care. Since several biochemical changes take place in stored blood,
physicians should be alert when transfusing blood in end-stage renal disease patients,who are,theoretically at least,at
higher risk of complications.
Methods and Results: This study were designed to investigate changes in storer blood over time (every 10 days from 0
to 40 days). Changes in sodium, potassium, chloride, total calcium, lactate, pH, partial pressure of carbon dioxide,
bicarbonate and hematocrit,as well as the degree of hemolysis,were recorded.The findings show a significant increase
in potassium,lactate,partial pressure of carbon dioxide and hematocrit and a reduction in chloride,pH and bicarbonate.
The serum levels of sodium initially increased (up to day 20) and then declined.
Conclusions: In conclusion, stored blood undergoes significant changes, which can be life-threatening, especially
+ when the transfusions are massive or in patients with end-stage renal disease,who are more sensitive to significant K or
acid overload.
A REVIEW OF THE ANTIOXIDANTS FROM THE MEDICINAL PLANT, MORINGA OLEIFERA
Authors: Janani K Sai , Reddy Jayarama
Published: March 2022

Moringa oleifera, is a highly potent medicinal plant which is evergreen or deciduous in nature and it is found growing
predominantly in the Sub-Himalayan regions of India, Pakistan, Bangladesh and Afghanistan. This plant is tagged as a
medicinal plant because it contains various properties such as high antioxidant properties, anti- inflammatory, anticancer, antidiabetic and antimicrobial properties. This review paper will highlight, focus and discuss the antioxidant
properties possessed by Moringa oleifera supported by some experiments containing materials required, methods
employed, results procured and discussion to support the evidences that prove the antioxidant properties found in this
plant. The first and the second experiment is about the presence of flavonoid contents like Quercetin and Rutin found
respectively that contributes to the antioxidant properties found in the plant of subject, Moringa oleifera. While, the third
experiment is based on the application of the antioxidant properties found in the plant that contributes towards the
enhancement of the meat quality thereby, this attribute of the plant having antioxidant properties is used in the meat
industries.
HISTORY OF ECONOMIC THOUGHT A FORGOTTON SUBJECT: AN APPRAISAL OF PHYSIOCRACY WITH REFERENCE TO INDIA
Authors: Saggi Sanjana
Published: March 2022

History of Economic Thought is different from Economic History and History of Economics.While History of Economic
Thought deals with the development of economic ideas,Economic History is a study of the economic development of a
country. On the other hand, History of Economics deals with the science of economics. Even though Economic History
and History of Economic Thought constitute separate branches of study, they are closely related. Economic ideas are
directly and indirectly motivated by the economic conditions and environment of the country.Physiocracy is also known
as the “Agricultural System”. Economic thinkers who contributed to the growth and development of Physiocracy have
been called as Physiocrats.The Physiocrats have been regarded as the founders of economic science because they were
the first to grasp the general principles under-lying the economic phenomena and to evolve a theoretical system.
Physiocracy is also remarked as the first school of economic thought. The term Physiocracy means “Rule of Nature”.
Physiocracy may be defined as a reaction against Mercantilism and its concepts. The Physiocrats believed that the
mercantile policies instead of doing any good have done great harm to the nations. So they revolved against the
mercantile policies.According to Gide and Rist,“Physiocrats must be credited with a foundation of the earliest school of
economists in the fullest sense of the term. The entrance of this small group of men into the arena of history is a most
th touching one”.The influential French School of thinkers of the early 18 century was led by “Quesnay and Turgot”.They
believed in the existence of natural law which governs the universe.Their emphasis on agriculture has earned for their
system of thought, the name agricultural school. The present paper deals with evaluation of “History of Economic
Thought a Forgotton subject:An Appraisal of Physiocracy with reference to India”keeping in view the agriculture sector
contribution towards national income since independence.
RETROSPECTIVE STUDY OF HISTOMORPHOLOGY OF MUCORMYCOSIS SEEN IN COVID 19 PATIENT WITH SPECIAL COMMENT ON ANGIOINVASION.
Authors: K Akash , Arakeri Satish , K Mamatha , Kulkarni Sai
Published: March 2022

Introduction: COVID 19 infection has caused a pandemic across the globe for continuous 2-3 years as it started its
journey in Huan city of china in 2019, hence it got its name as COVID 19. Aims and Objectives: To assess the fungal
infections (mucormycosis, Apergillus and candida ) in post covid patients. Total 59 cases of COVID Methodology: 19
infections with fungal infection were included. Out of 59 cases, 46 cases showed mucormycosis, 7 sh Results: owed
aspergillus and 6 cases showed mixed infection (> one species of fungal organism). Discussion: Most commonly the
fungal infection occurs in the paranasal sinuses. Usually such patient's presents with severe headache, blurring of vision
and overlying skin discoloration. The best non invasive modality for diagnosis is the CT scan of paranasal sinus. It shows
diffuse thickening of sinus mucosa with irregular surface and bone erosion particularly orbital bones. It leads to invasion
into the orbital cavity as well as with cranial cavity which has 100% mortality. Fungal infections Conclusion: in COVID 19
patients are dreadful and it causes high mortality. Most common fungal infection is Mucormycosis followed by
Apsergillus and Candida.
EFFICACY OF ADDITION OF MAGNESIUM AS AN ADJUVANT TO LOCAL ANAESTHETICS IN
PERIBULBAR BLOCK: A PROSPECTIVE RANDOMIZED DOUBLE-BLIND STUDY
Authors: Jamadar Sujata , Pasupuleti Surender
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Topical, regional or general anesthesia can be used for ocular surgery. Among regional blocks,
Peribulbar block is a good choice as it provides efficient anesthesia with good lid and globe akinesia with low incidence
of complications.1 However the time for onset of akinesia with Peribulbar block is much longer in comparison to retro
bulbar block,2which may lead to a delay to start the surgery. The incidence of inadequate analgesia is also more
frequent with Peribulbar block2 in comparison to retro bulbar block, which may lead to the requirement of
supplementary injection before the start of surgery or intraoperatively.
Aims And Objectives: To evaluate the effect of addition of magnesium sulphate to standard local anesthetics mixture
for peribulbar blocks in ophthalmic surgeries.
Material And Methods: 60 patients who underwent ocular surgery under local anesthesia admitted at Malla Reddy
Narayana Multispecialty Hospital, Hyderabad from May2018- october2018(6 months) were enrolled in the study.It was
Prospective Randomized controlled double blind study.Inclusion criteria was patients between 20-70 years of either sex
with ASA group 1-3 with both anterior and posterior chamber surgery under peribulbar block.Exclusion criteria were
patient with mental retardation, allergic to local anesthetics, history of bleeding disorder, cardiac and respiratory
diseases and ASA group4-5.
Results: After studying 60 patients, out of which 30 patients included in control group (Group NS) and 30 patients in
study (Group MS) group,a systematic statistical analysis done for Age and All patients were in age group of 20-70 years.
Mean age was 59.0667 +- 7.08049 in the control group (Group NS) and 58.1667 +- 5.73605 in study group (Group MS).
The p-value 0.591,which is statistically nonsignificant.
Discussion:Anaesthesia plays a vital role in ophthalmic surgery.Most ophthalmic surgeries are carried out under local
anaesthesia although topical anaesthesia is soon gaining popularity.The goal of anaesthesia in opthalmic surgery is
to provide adequate analgesia and akinesia.Peribulbar block has been used widely for ophthalmic surgery as it is safer
than a retrobulbar block. The time for onset of akinesia with peribulbar block is much longer in comparison to
retrobulbar block2, which may lead to a delay to start the surgery.The incidence of inadequate analgesia is also more
frequent with peribulbar block2 in comparison to retrobulbar block, which may lead to the requirement of
supplementary injection before the start of surgery or intraoperatively.
Conclusions: Faster onset of globe and lid akinesia after addition of Magnesium sulphate to the mixture of local
anaesthetics in peribulbar block.The duration of globe and lid akinesia is prolonged but difference is not statistically
significant in Group MS as compared to Group NS.
ROLE OF ENDODONTIC BIOFILM IN DENTISTRY
Authors: Mathew Lovin Valsan , M. Uppin Veerendra , Pujar Madhu
Published: March 2022

Endodontic infection is caused by microorganisms colonizing as surface aggregates in the root canal system. These
complex microbial communities are called biofilms that harbours numerous microorganisms with altering ecological
requirements and pathological potential. The root canal system's intricacy and unpredictability, along with the multispecies nature of biofilms, make disinfection extremely difficult. The primary goal of endodontic treatment is to
eliminate the biofilm from the root canal walls which is responsible for endodontic infection.The most important factor
for failure of root canal treatment is the persistence of microorganisms as bioflms in the root canals.Eradication of biofilm
is made possible by specific instruments and disinfecting chemicals in the form of irrigants and/or intracanal
medicaments.Endodontic research has focused on the characterization of root canal biofilms and the clinical methods to
disrupt the biofilms along with microbial killing. The aim of this narrative is to review the mechanisms of biofilms'
formation, their roles in pulpal and periapical pathosis, the different types of biofilms, the factors influencing biofilm
formation, the mechanisms of their antimicrobial resistance, techniques to identify biofilms and the role of root canal
disinfectants on biofilm removal.
AN ANALYSIS OF BUREAUCRATIC EFFICIENCY IN THE FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT OF TREASURY SINGLE ACCOUNT (TSA) POLICY IN NIGERIA
Authors: FRANCIS CHINWE CHIKWEM
Published: March 2022

The study tries to evaluate the workability of the Treasury Single Account (TSA) in a corrupt-riddled bureaucracy in Nigeria. Using empirical evidence from primary and secondary sources, which build upon the organizational and public choice models of bureaucracy, the study unravels inundation of complaints from some government parastatals about difficulty in making simple payments and procurements since the implementation of TSA and suggest that Nigerian government should review TSA to work in all banks for easy accessibility to government, her agencies, Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) and the multiplier effect of money.
REFORMISM AND NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT: INTERROGATING OBASANJO’S REFORM LEGACIES AND PROSPECTING POST-2015 REFORM AGENDA IN NIGERIA
Authors: OKOLI AL CHUKWUMA
Published: March 2022

This paper examined the implications of reform for national development of Nigeria with particular reference to Obasanjo’s regime (1999-2007), with a view to leveraging scholarly-cum-policy insights. Relying on secondary sources of data, the paper positsthat the various reform programmes undertaken during Obasanjo’s regime contributed in repositioning the target-sectors. The paper observes that the reforms were nonetheless marred by systemic contradictions that tended to negate their efficacy and sustainability. In the main, the legacies of Obasanjo’s reforms are interrogated in with a view to setting agenda for post-2015 development reform in Nigeria.
EXCHANGE RATE VOLATILITY AND TRADE FLOW TO NIGERIA: NEW EVIDENCE FROM AN AR-EGARCH AND LA-VAR MODELS
Authors: OKUMOKO TUBO P. , KARIMO TARI M.
Published: March 2022

This study investigated the impact of exchange rate volatility on trade flow in Nigeria. Applying the AR(2)-EGARCH(1, 1) and LA-VAR(3) models on quarterly data for the period of 1986 – 2012, the study revealed that there is no instantaneous relationship between trade flows and exchange rate volatility in Nigeria but that exchange rate volatility explained more of the variability in trade flow and vise versa. Therefore it was recommended that policy measures be put in place to ensure exchange rate stability in Nigeria. Output expansion and export promotion should be given their pride of place.
CLIMATE CHANGE AND LIVELIHOODS IN THE LAKE CHAD BASIN
Authors: AKINTOLA OLUSOLA E.
Published: March 2022

This work examined the relationship between climate change and the key social dimensions of vulnerability that often result in violent conflict. The authors adopted the human needs theory, the frustration-aggression theory of conflict, fragile state as well as the cultural theory of risk for climate change adaptation. The paper found that the government of Nigeria does not have an effective policy for adaptation during flooding, displacement and forceful migration due to climate change. The paper also highlighted other identifiable outcomes. These include loss of life and properties, increasing vulnerability, diminishing opportunities for income generating economic activities, increasing conflicts, the polity is tense and the country is overwhelmed due to increasing cases of victims of climate change and lack of adaptation measures. The paper therefore made appropriate recommendations to deal with the twin challenge of climate change and conflict in Nigeria
AN ANALYSIS OF THE MOST SIGNIFICANT CAUSES, EXPERIENCES AND SOLUTIONS TO POVERTY PERSPECTIVES FROM YOUNG PEOPLE AND NYSC MEMBERS NATIONAL-COMMUNITY ORGANISATIONS IN NIGERIA, USING SOCIAL MARKETING TECHNIQUE (SMT)
Authors: EGURUZE EBIKINEI
Published: March 2022

This paper analyses the most significant causes, experience, and solutions to poverty that young people and NYSC members’ perceived to be the case. Whilst a descriptive approach was adopted engaging a meta-analysis of data from four previous empirical studies, the author draws heavily from literature and then isolated and analysed the relevant factors. This investigation highlighted a combination of significant causes, experiences and solutions. It revealed that each and every factor does make an impact in either causing poverty or contributing towards the experience and pointed to a solution.
Síndrome Inflamatorio Multisistémico en Pediatría relacionado a COVID-19
Authors: Galindo Andrea , Ventura Karla , Márquez Ana Lucía , Fletcher Ely , Flores Bianka , Higeros Angel
Published: March 2022

El síndrome inflamatorio multisistémico en niños es una enfermedad que actualmente se encuentra asociada con la infección por SARS-CoV-2. La aparición tardía de los síntomas posteriormente a la infección inicial con SARS-CoV-2 hace difícil su diagnóstico. Se conoce que esta entidad es el resultado de una tormenta de citocinas postinfecciosa que conduce a una disfunción multiorgánica. A continuación, presentamos el caso de un niño de 9 años que se presentó con un síndrome inflamatorio multisistémico asociado a SARS-CoV-2.
Binary Spaghetti Sort and The Binary Spaghetti Heads Index
Authors: Calderone Alberto
Published: March 2022

Sorting items is a fundamental problem in computer science and algorithms design. Sorting algorithms can be divided in two categories, comparison based and non-comparison based, depending on the way they perform the sorting. Non-comparison based algorithms work on the nature of numbers, for instance, the fact that they are represented as decimal numbers. No algorithm so far, to the best of my knowledge, exploits the binary representation of numbers and, at the same time, bitwise operations to sort items. In this work, I present a stable non-comparison based algorithm (inspired by Spaghetti Sort) which sorts lists of N+ numbers using binary numbers to create an index which guarantees stable sorting. Furthermore, because of its nature, I show how this algorithm can be assembled into an electrical circuit to sort numbers in parallel.
Sensitivity Analysis of Suspected External Driving Factors Contributing to Land Use Land Cover Dynamics in Jos Plateau State, Nigeria
Authors: Zitta N. , Musa A.A. , Muhammed I.
Published: March 2022

Land use land cover change (LULCC) processes are directly or indirectly product of underlying causative factors playing out on the landscape. This study examines the contributing factors responsible for LULCC in Jos Plateau state using two different methods. The Analytical hierarchical process (AHP) and Binary models were used to prepare sixteen (16) suspected external driving factors (EDFs). Euclidean distance analysis was carried out on the proximity EDFs as well as reclassification based on AHP scale 1 – 9 and binary mode as 1 & 0. Saaty’s pairwise comparison matrix was employed to generate the weights for all the EDFs with a consistency index (CI) of 0.17was achieved. Suitability images were generated by multiplying each EDF with the corresponding weight. The fuzzy set membership standardization was carried out on the AHP image through sigmoidal function type with monotonically increasing membership function.The multiple regression technique was used to measure the sensitivity of each driver against the change period (1986 – 2019). The result shows that five (5) EDFs where consistent in both approaches (AHP & Binary). They are: distance to conflict areas, distance to major roads, LULC, distance to settlements and distance to river/ channels. It is therefore, appropriate to examine EDFs to know how each driver is contributing to the changing landscape in the study area. The findings has revealed the main factors driving LULC changes in the study area and has provided a reference frame for assisting in the development of sustainable land management and ecological protection policy making and decisions.
Spectral Noise Estimation: A Python 3 Implementation of the Minimum Statistics Estimation
Authors: Bello N. , Ogbeide K.O.
Published: March 2022

Noise estimation has been used majorly in imaging processing and voice speech recognition applications. Therefore, researchers have found optimal solutions to non-stationary noise estimation. Particularly, there is a proposed method that estimates spectral noise in a noisy speech signal which is based on two observations; speech pauses and approximation of power spectral densities of the noisy signal to the true noise during speech pauses. Though from recent studies, the observations obtained cannot be inferred for other types of signals especially RF signals and have not been tested on signals in the frequency domain, this paper bridges that gap of research and presents the results, analysis, and conclusion on the findings concerning the noise estimation with RF signals using an extension of the proposed method in the frequency domain. It presents a detailed methodology of implementation of the minimum statistics method for noise estimation in python 3 code which was tested with RF signals and thus met the requirement of dynamic thresholding with spectrum occupancy measurement.
Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Profesionalisme Guru
Authors: H.M. Syarafudin dan Hastuti Diah Ikawati
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan dan menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi profesionalisme guru. Guru adalah seseorang tenaga pendidik professional yang mendidik, mengajarkan suatu ilmu, mengarahkan, melatih, memberikan penilaian, serta melakukan evaluasi kepada peserta didik. Sementara itu, standard kompetensi yang tertuang dalam peraturan Menteri Pendidikan Nasional mengenai standar kualifikasi akademik serta kompetensi guru dimana peraturan tersebut menyebutkan bahwa guru profesional harus memiliki 4 kompetensi profesional yaitu kompetensi pedagogik, kompetensi sosial, kompetensi intelektual serta profesional. Ada beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi profesionalismenya seorang guru diantaranya yaitu kualifikasi standar guru dan relevansi antara bidang keahlian guru dengan tugas mengajar, abilitas dan motivasi, tingkat pendidikan guru, pengalaman kerja, penguasaan kompetensi social, pedagogic dan keterampilan.
Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa Menggunakan Media Pembelajaran Ko-Ruf-Si (Kotak Huruf Edukasi) Berbasis Word Square Pada Mata Pelajaran PKN di SMPN 2 Adiankoting
Authors: Haoloan Gultom
Published: March 2022

Tujuan utama dilakukan penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa menggunakan media pembelajaran Ko-Ruf-Si (Kotak Huruf Edukasi) berbasis word square pada materi Kedaulatan Rakyat dan Sistem Pemerintahan di Indonesia Mata Pelajaran PKn Kelas VIIIC SMPN 2 Adiankoting Tahun Pelajaran 2019/2020. Hasil penelitian bahwa aktivitas dan hasil belajar siswa dapat ditingkatkan melalui penggunaan media pembelajaran Ko-Ruf-Si (Kotak Huruf Edukasi) berbasis word square. Hal tersebut terlihat dari skor rata-rata aktivitas siswa yang relevan dengan pembelajaran mengalami peningkatan dari siklus pertama sampai siklus kedua. Pada siklus pertama skor rata-rata aktivitas siswa meningkat dari 63,60% menjadi 74,50% mengalami peningkatan sebesar 10,90%. Demikian juga tentang ketuntasan belajar pada siklus pertama 65% dan pada siklus kedua menjadi 85% mengalami peningkatan sebesar 20%. Sementara untuk respon siswa terhadap pembelajaran adalah dominan siswa setuju bahwa pembelajaran PKn dengan media pembelajaran Ko-Ruf-Si (Kotak Huruf Edukasi) berbasis word square dapat meningkatkan aktivitas dan hasil belajar siswa dengan persentase 95,6%.
KAJIAN LITERASI KONSEP PROFESIONALISME MENGAJAR GURU
Authors: Rifqi Maulana
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran mengenai pengembangan profesi guru, untuk mengetahui gambaran tingkat kinerja guru, dan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pengembangan profesi guru terhadap kinerja guru. Inti kajiannya difokuskan pada faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kinerja guru, adapun faktor yang diteliti dalam penelitian ini adalah pengembangan profaesi guru. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode survey. Teknik pengumpulan data yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan angket.Teknik analisis data menggunakan regresi sederhana. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan: pengembangan profesi guru berada dalam kategori cukup efektif,dan kinerja guru berada pada kategori cukup tinggi; pengembangan profesi guru berpengaruh positif terhadap kinerja.
Role of Vitamin D on Il-6 In Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Literature Review
Authors: Kanaya Ni , Sarumaha Hanna Gabriella , Nuraqilla Syaraufa Zahra , Keren Grace , Tjahyanto Teddy
Published: March 2022

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by elevated blood glucose levels, insufficient insulin secretion by pancreatic cells, insulin resistance, and inadequate insulin secretory compensatory response. Various reports have shown that low-grade chronic inflammation is associated with the risk of developing T2DM. In recent years, studies have suggested that increased concentrations of circulating inflammatory markers, such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) have been reported may increase the incidence of T2DM. Recently it has been found that vitamin D plays a role not only in bone remodeling, but as an immunomodulator. Administration of vitamin D therapy suppresses the proliferation of T cells and monocytes and downregulates proinflammatory cytokines including CRP, TNF-α, Interleukin-1, 6, 8, and increases the production of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. A literature review was carried out to collect the latest results from several studies regarding the role of vitamin D on IL-6 in type 2 diabetes mellitus. The literature sources were taken from journal articles published online in the period 2017-2021. The databases used are MDPI, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Wiley, and Hindawi. The results of the literature review show various findings. Several studies showed a significant difference and no significant difference in IL-6 after vitamin D administration clinically or statistically. Additional studies are needed to specifically examine the optimal dose of vitamin D to reduce IL-6-mediated inflammation in T2DM, determine the best dose between calcemic and immunomodulating effects, and the role of vitamin D in inflammation so that it can be an effective adjunct therapy in the treatment of T2DM.
PENGARUH KONFLIK KERJA DAN LINGKUNGAN KERJA TERHADAP SEMANGAT KERJA PEGAWAI KANTOR CAMAT MEDAN SUNGGAL
Authors: Lombu Mareko , Bangun Rosniwaty
Published: March 2022

Setiap pegawai dalam organisasi akan berhadapan dengan konflik kerja dan lingkungan kerja yang berpengaruh terhadap Semangat Kerja Pegawai Kantor Camat medan Sunggal. Setelah dilakukan uji pada data yang diperoleh dari lapangan didapat hasilnya baik secara parsial maupun simultan variabel bebas berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap variabel terikatnya yang ditunjukkan dengan nilai F dengan sig lebih kecil dari 0,05. Dengan begitu instansi perlu memperhatikan keduanya untuk meningkatkan semangat kerja pegawai.
AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK ETANOL DARI BUNGA TUMBUHAN KECOMBRANG (Etlingera elatior Jack.) SECARA IN VITRO
Authors: Salman Salman , Indriana Meutia
Published: March 2022

Secara tradisional bunga kecombrang telah digunakan untuk mengobati berbagai penyakit, di antaranya masuk angin, sakit telinga, pembersih darah, mengobati luka yang bernanah dan menghilangkan bau badan. Penyakit telinga, luka bernanah dan bau badan ada kemungkinan disebabkan oleh berbagai bakteri, sehingga ada kemungkinan bunga kecombrang yang telah digunakan secara tradisional untuk mengobati penyakit ini dikarenakan mempunyai aktivitas sebagai anti bakteri balk terhadap Gram positif maupun Gram negatif, sehingga perlu dilakukan penelitian dengan tujuan untuk memastikan adanya aktivitas sebagai antibakteri. Penelitian ini meliputi pengumpulan bunga kecombrang, identifikasi tumbuhan, pembuatan simplisia, fitokimia, pembuatan ekstrak bunga kecombrang secara perkolasi dengan penyari etanol 96%, dan pengujian aktivitas antibakteri secara in vitro dengan metode difusi dengan cetak lubang (punch hole) pada medium Mueller Hinton Agar, clan digunakan Ampisilin sulfat 20 µg/ml sebagai kontrol terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Escherichia coli dan Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Skrining fitokimia menunjukkan adanya golongan senyawa yang sama yaitu alkaloid, flavonoida, steroida, glikosida dan minyak atsiri. Hasil uji aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol bunga kecombrang yang sangat balk terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, dan kurang balk terhadap bakteri Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Pelayanan Prima Terhadap Loyalitas Konsumen Schatje Kids di Bandung
Authors: Bilqis Luthfiyah , Nunung Ai
Published: March 2022

Pengkajian ini bermaksud untuk mengetahui pengaruh pelayanan prima terhadap loyalitas pelanggan. Metode yang dipakai pada pengkajian ini ialah metode asosiatif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Adapun populasi dalam penelitian ini ialah seluruh pelanggan yang telah membeli produk Schatje Kids dengan pengumpulan sample sebanyak 49 responden. Teknik pengumpulan data memakai sumber data primer dan untuk pengolahan data Uji Validitas, Uji Reabilitas, Uji Normalitas, Uji Analisis Linier Sederhana, Uji T, Uji F, Dan Uji Koefisien Determinasi menggunakan software SPSS versi 23. Hasil dalam penelitian ini dapat di simpulkan bahwasanya Pelayanan Prima berpengaruh positif terhadap Loyalitas Pelanggan yang di buktikan dengan pengujian T dimana nilai Sig yang di dapatkan lebih kecil (0,000 < 0,05). Saran yang diberikan penulis diharapkan Schatje Kids tetap menjaga kualitas produk dan lebih menggali pemahaman lebih dalam mengenai pelayanan prima agar para konsumen tetap merasa puas oleh pelayanan yang Schatje Kids berikan.

Kata kunci: Loyalitas Pelanggan, Pelayanan Prima
PENGARUH CITRA MEREK TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN ULANG PRODUK HAWWA SKINCARE DI KABUPATEN BANDUNG
Authors: Rohaeti Dewi , Sudrartono Tiris
Published: March 2022

Dapat kita ketahui bisnis kosmetik sangat menjamur di Indonesia salah satunya dikabupaten Bandung. Penelitian ini di lakukan di salah satu klinik kecantikan di kabupaten Bandung. Tujuan diadakannya penelitian ini ialah untuk mengetahui pengaruh citra merek dan keputusan pembelian ulang di klinik tersebut, metode analisis yang di gunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah anaisis linear sederhana dan data tersebut kemudian di olah menggunakan program SPSS V.20. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 93 responden, merupakan pelanggan yang melakukan pembelian ulang . Adapun hasil penelitian ini menjukan bahwa citra merek sangatlah berpengaruh untuk melakukan pembelian ulang di saat kondisi seperti ini dimana banyaknya pesaing yang sangat mengedepankan merek.
ANALISIS PENGARUH MOTIVASI TERHADAP MINAT MAHASISWA AKUNTANSI UNTUK MENGIKUTI PENDIDIKAN PROFESI AKUNTANSI (PPAk) STUDI PADA PERGURUAN TINGGI NEGERI DI MEDAN
Authors: Ika Desi , Suryani Yani
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh motivasi terhadap minat mahasiswa akuntansi untuk mengikuti Pendidikan Profesi Akuntansi (PPAk) di Medan. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa jurusan akuntansi pada perguruan tinggi negeri yang ada di kota Medan, Sumatera Utara. Untuk pengujian hipotesis digunakan analisis regresi linier berganda. Hasil hipotesis menunjukkan bahwa secara serentak (simultan) motivasi prestise, motivasi karir, motivasi ekonomi, dan motivasi kualitas berpengaruh signifikan terhadap minat mahasiswa akuntansi untuk mengikuti PPAk. Namun secara parsial motivasi prestise tidak memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap munculnya minat mahasiswa akuntansi untuk mengikuti PPAk, sedangkan motivasi karir, motivasi ekonomi, dan motivasi kualitas memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa minat untuk mengikuti PPAk di kalangan mahasiswa masih rendah untuk setiap kelompok responden.
CT Guided TTNA and Core Biopsy in Suspected Lung Cancer, Review of Cases in Adam Malik General Hospital, Medan
Authors: Suhendra Hadi , Syarani Fajrinur , Bihar Syamsul , Eyanoer Putri Chairani
Published: March 2022

ounds: The cytological and histopathological findings establish the type of lung cancer cells as the definitive diagnosis of lung cancer. This study aimed to determine the characteristics of lung cancer patients in terms of age, mean age, gender, staging, the proportion of lung cancer cells by cytologic examination of Transthoracic Needle Aspiration (TTNA) and histopathologic evaluation from CT-guided core biopsy.
Method: This is a descriptive study involving 42 subjects diagnosed with lung cancer at H. Adam Malik Hospital Medan in 2016-2020 that met the inclusion criteria through consecutive sampling. Data was analysed using descriptive statistics for categorical variables.
Results: Of 42 study subjects, the 60–71-year age group had the highest percentage of lung cancer (42.9%). Male (71.4%) was higher than female, the most common lung cancer staging was IVA (57.1%), and adenocarcinoma was found to be the most frequent type of lung cancer in both cytology (33.3%) and histopathology (31.0%).
Conclusion: We concluded that core biopsy is superior in diagnosing lung cancer compared to TTNA.
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP ANAK SEBAGAI PELAKU KEJAHATAN
Authors: Mulyati Dewi , Dahwir Ali
Published: March 2022

The focus of this research is to understand how the form of legal protection provided by the state to children who commit crimes. The type of research used is library research. Based on the results of the study, it is known that the form of protection for children who commit crimes is given at every stage of the juvenile criminal justice process. Starting from the arrest stage, detention stage, investigation stage, prosecution, and trial stage, as well as during the coaching period. Another form of protection is efforts to settle criminal cases outside the trial, namely children's cases are always pursued through diversion and this is required to be done at every stage of the juvenile criminal justice process. The purpose of providing legal protection to child offenders is also the implementation of respect for the perpetrators' human rights so that they are not psychologically disturbed, have legal certainty, and to avoid arbitrary and unfair treatment.
TINJAUAN YURIDIS DEWAN PERWAKILAN DAERAH DALAM MEMBUAT KEBIJAKAN NEGARA
Authors: Aspani Budi , Yusmanda Riza
Published: March 2022

The formation of the Regional Representative Council was decided in the third Amendment to the 1945 Constitution. This accommodates aspirations and gives the regions a greater role in decision-making processes that are directly related to the region. This study discusses the authority of the Regional Representatives Council only to participate in discussing certain Draft Laws related to regional autonomy and can give consideration to the House of Representatives when exercising its authority. The role of the Regional Representative Council in the decision-making process on State policies. Implicitly the Regional Representative Council as a state legislative institution is very limited, namely only proposing and discussing and not as a breaker like the People's Representative Council.
IMPLIKASI PENGHAPUSAN DESA TERHADAP KESEJAHTERAAN MASYARAKAT DESA
Authors: Dani Akhmad , Johansyah Johansyah
Published: March 2022

The discourse on the abolition of the village has given birth to legal implications that are inconsistent with the values ​​of certainty, justice, and usefulness that will be achieved in the purpose of structuring the village so that it has an impact on the continuation of the welfare of the village community. This is reflected in the management of village income and Village-Owned Enterprises which result in a legal vacuum after the abolition of the village so that the achievement of village community welfare will be hampered as mandated by the constitution in the Preamble to the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. Implications for the abolition of villages are included in village planning as regulated in statutory regulations Number 6 of 2014 concerning Villages. There is a clause on the purpose of village structuring which becomes a legal rule that should be carried out (das sollen) but there is a discrepancy when the legal rule is faced with the abolition of the village (das sein) because the abolition of the village has eliminated all provisions for the purpose of village structuring, so that villages that experience abolition in ultimately not oriented towards the purpose of structuring the village. On the other hand, the subjective legal reasons for the elimination of villages have reduced the role of the village in the elimination of villages by policies caused by the central government, which should involve local and village governments.
Influência de cristalizantes e cinza volante na durabilidade de concreto exposto ao ataque externo por ácido sulfúrico biogênico em um reator UASB de uma ETE
Authors: Pereira Godinho Jayson , Farias de Medeiros Marcelo Henrique
Published: March 2022

As estações de tratamento de esgoto são exemplos de estruturas submetidas a ambientes industriais altamente agressivos. Deste modo, o objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o efeito de cristalizantes comerciais e do silicato de sódio (Na2SiO3) no aumento da durabilidade do concreto armado submetido ao ataque sulfúrico de origem biogênica em uma ETE e de origem química em laboratório. Para atingir esse objetivo, foram realizados diversos ensaios, como velocidade de degradação, variação de massa, profundidade de neutralização, velocidade de pulso ultrassônico, resistência à tração na flexão e à compressão. Ao final, pôde-se concluir que a velocidade de degradação e a perda de massa são menores nos concretos com cristalizantes e cinza volante e que esses dois ensaios são os mais confiáveis para avaliar a durabilidade em longo prazo de estruturas de concreto exposto ao ácido sulfúrico.
Palavras-chave: Concreto. Durabilidade. Ácido Sulfúrico Biogênico. Estação de Tratamento de Esgoto.
PENDIDIKAN AGAMA HINDU UNTUK MEMBANGUN GENERASI MUDA YANG BERKARAKTER DI MASA PANDEMI COVID 19
Authors: Nurhayati Ni Ketut
Published: March 2022

Pandemi Covid-19 berdampak pada segala bidang kehidupan, tak terkecuali pada bidang pendidikan. Adanya wabah virus corona ini menghambat kegiatan belajar mengajar yang biasanya berlangsung secara tatap muka. Kendati begitu, pandemi ini mampu mengakselerasi pendidikan 4.0. Sistem pembelajaran dilakukan jarak jauh dengan memanfaatkan teknologi informasi. Namun begitu, meskipun masih banyak kendala yang dialami baik oleh  peserta didik maupun pendidik. Di sisi lain, pembelajaran di masa pandemi ini memberikan pengalaman yang luar biasa bagi peserta didik dan pendidik.  Pendidik yang sebelumnya acuh tak acuh dengan pembelajaran berbasis teknologi informasi dan komunikasi (TIK), kini dipaksa untuk mau belajar. Demikian juga sekolah yang awalnya masih ragu, secara perlahan mulai belajar mengembangkan manajemen sekolah berbasis TIK.Proses pembelajaran dilakukan secara daring dari rumah masing-masing peserta didik. Dengan berubahnya kegiatan pembelajaran dari kebiasaan kegiatan pembelajaran melalui tatap muka di sekolah berubah menjadi pembelajaran jarak jauh menuntut pendidik untuk ikut bertransformasi menggali kreativitasnya dalam menyampaikan materi pembelajaran dengan menggunakan media pembelajaran yang tersedia, seperti: Google Class Room, Zoom, Google Meet, Whatsapp dan lain-lainnya agar pembelajaran bisa tetap berlangsung.Dimasa Pandemi Covid 19, Pendidikan agama Hindu memiliki peranan yang sangat penting dalam membentuk karakter manusia. Dimana dengan kemajuan teknologi, tidak hanya berdampak positif tetapi berdampak negatif pula. Untuk membendung dampak negatif, maka peranan pendidikan agama Hindu sangat penting untuk membangun karakter generasi muda. Walaupun pembelajaran dilaksanakan dengan metode daring, guru bersama orang tua harus berkolaborasi untuk bersama- sama membangun karakter anak. Misalnya dengan melakukan pembiasaan berdoa sebelum dan sesudah pembelajaran daring.
NARASI THEOLOGIS DALAM KIDUNG PANCA YAJŇA
Authors: Suastini Ni Nyoman
Published: March 2022

Upacara yang berkualitas adalah upacara yang memenuhi tujuh syarat, yaitu: Sradha, Lascarya, Sastra, Daksina, Mantara dan Gita, Anasewa dan Naasmita. Dari ketujuh syarat tersebut salah satunya adalah Mantra dan Gita. Mantra adalah doa-doa yang dilafalkan oleh pemimpin (Manggala) upacara, sedangkan Gita (kidung) dilantunkan oleh seorang atau sekelompok orang yang terhimpun dalam organisasi (sekaa) Pesantian. Kidung (gita) yang dinyanyikan disesuaikan dengan jenis upacara, serta rangkaian (alur) upacara. Kidung Panca Yajnya (Gita) tersebut menguraiakan tentang berbagai manifestasi Tuhan (Hyang Widhi) yang diharapkan berkenan hadir dalam upacara yang diselenggarakan, serta berkenan menerima persembahan umatnya, serta berkenan pula menurunkan berkahnya. Sesuai dengan kitab suci Weda manifestasi Tuhan (Para Dewa) banyak jumlahnya sesuai dengan kemahakuasaan Tuhan.  Secara vertikal para Dewa yang menguasai dan menjiwai alam semesta beserta isinya ini disebut Sang Hyang Tiga Sakti, dan secara horizontal yang menguasai Sembilan penjuru mata angin  disebut Dewata Nawa Sanga yaitu penguasa sembilan penjuru mata angin yang diumpamakan sebagai ’Bunga Teraratai’ dengan sembilan kelopaknya dan menjadi areal stana Dewa masing masing sesuai dengan sembilan arah penjuru mata angin. Disamping itu juga secara khusus Dewa Siwa dinyatakan sebagai penguasa Tri Bhuwana.
PURA RATU GEDE EMPU JAGAT DI DESA PAKRAMAN SANGKARAGUNG KECAMATAN JEMBRANA KABUPATEN JEMBRANA
Authors: Sariyani Ni Nyoman
Published: March 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui: 1) bentuk Pura Ratu Gede Empu Jagat, 2) fungsi Pura Ratu Gede Empu Jagat, 3) makna Pura Ratu Gede Empu Jagat di Desa Sangkaragung Kecamatan Jembrana Kabupaten Jembrana. Penelitian ini dirancang dengan penelitian emperik jenis deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik penentuan informan (sampel) yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling dengan Teknik snowball. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah observasi, wawancara, dan pencatatan dokumen. Sedangkan analisis data yang digunakan adalah: deskriptif kualitatif. Berdasarkan analisis data diperoleh hasil sebagai berikut. Bentuk Pura Ratu Gede Empu Jagat Desa Pakraman Sangkaragung adalah: 1) palinggih padmasana, 2) gedongan, 3) palinggih taksu, 4) palinggih Dewa Ayu Ganawati, 5) palinggih Dewa Ayu Padmawati, 6) piyasan, 7) bale pesandekan, dan 8) Bhagawan Penyarikan. Tetapi memiliki satu mandala saja, tidak seperti pura-pura yang lainnya yang memiliki tiga mandala. Fungsi Pura Ratu Gede Empu Jagat adalah : 1) fungsi religius, fungsi sosial. Makna Pura Ratu Gede Empu Jagat adalah : 1) makna astiti bhakti, 2) makna kesucian desa dalam pelaksaaan yadnya, 3) makna ajeg nilai adat budaya, 4) makna meningkatkan dan penghayatan umat terhadap ajaran-ajaran agama Hindu.
PELAKSANAAN MANUSA YADNYA DALAM UPACARA MELASTI PADA BAYI KEMBAR DI DESA PAKRAMAN BANYUSERI, KECAMATAN BANJAR, KABUPATEN BULELENG, BALI
Authors: Sudiada I Putu Ari
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan gambaran tentang pelaksanaan Manusa Yadnya dalam Upacara Melasti pada bayi lahir kembar di Desa Pakraman Banyuseri tentang tahapan, proses dan nilai pendidikan yang terkandung didalamnya. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara dan studi dokumen. Observasi dilaksanakan dengan cara melihat data-data dan terjun langsung di lokasi penelitian. Wawancara dilakukan secara mendalam terhadap informan yang paling mengetahui data yang dibutuhkan dalam hal ini PHDI, Pemangku, Penyuluh Agama Hindu serta tokoh masyarakat di Desa Pakraman Banyuseri yang dianggap mengetahui tentang masalah yang dikaji. Dan studi dokumen dilaksanakan dengan cara mempelajari pustaka-pustaka yang ada di Desa Pakraman Banyuseri. Hasil penelitian ini adalah tahapan yang ada dalam upacara Melasti pada bayi kembar ini, yaitu: Mekeet, Munpunin, Ngebug Kulkul Lan Metanding, Mapelawa, Nyiramang Due di Pura Taman, Ngunggahang Aci, Ngayah Nampah, Mapiuning Lan Memargi, Nyiramang Due Lan Sang Reged (Bayi Kembar dan Orang Tuanya), Ngayut Busana Sang Reged (Bayi Kembar dan Orang Tuanya) dan Ngaturang Bakti. Proses upacara Melasti pada bayi lahir kembar di Desa Pakraman Banyuseri merupakan tradisi sesuai Dresta yang dilaksanakan secara turun temurun. Upacara Melastidilaksanakan dalam dua kategori yaitu apabila bayi lahir kembar biasa (kembar perempuan/laki-laki) Melasti dilaksanakan di Soan Alit. Sedangkan bayi yang lahir kembar Buncing, Melasti dilaksanakan di Soan Agung dan Soan Alit. Sarana yang digunakan yaitu menggunakan Banten Pengayatan pada saat nyiramang Duen Ida Bhatara, dan Banten Pejatian digunakan pada saat ngelukat bayi kembar dan kedua orang tuanya. Upacara Melasti pada bayi lahir kembar, yaitu: sebagai media pensucian Niasa (linggih) Ida Bhatara yang berstana di Desa Pakraman Banyuseri. Dan secara keseluruhan nilai pendidikan yangterkandung disetiap tahapan Manusa Yadnya dalam Upacara Melasti pada bayi lahir kembar ini adalah nilai kebersamaan, toleransi, tatakrama dan kesadaran diri (self awareness).
MAKNA PENGGUNAAN KOBER GANESHA SAAT UMAT HINDU MELAKSANAKAN TAWUR KESANGA
Authors: Diatmika I Dewa Gede Ngurah
Published: March 2022

Penyembahan Dewa Ganesha oleh umat Hindu memiliki makna yang beragam. Di antara makna yang beragam tersebut, penggunaan kober Ganesha saat tawur kesanga memiliki makna tersendiri. Makna yang pertama adalah berkaitan dengan peran Ganesha sebagai avighnasvara, yakni makna untuk mengusir atau menolak bhuta kala yang ada di sekitar pekarangan rumah. Ini merupakan alasan riil penggunaan kober Ganesha saat melaksanakan tawur kesanga di Lebuh. Makna yang kedua adalah makna penyucian atau membersihkan makrokosmos maupun mikrokosmos dengan air dan atau sesuatu yang disimbolkan dengan air maupun sarana pembersih lainnya, yaitu cakra dan gada atau bahkan Ganesha itu sendiri.