bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Feasibility of an integrated approach to the treatment of liver diseases in various patients during post-COVID-19 rehabilitation
Authors:   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federatio, Selivanova G.B. , Poteshkina N.G. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: October 2021

COVID-19 pandemic has made the problem of its complex pharmacotherapy urgent, taking into account the common presence of symptoms from the digestive system in the clinical picture. The gastrointestinal tract (GIT) is actively involved in the pathogenesis of COVID-19 both in the period of prodromal events and the acute disease phase, with the preservation of several complaints and during the post-COVID-19 syndrome. The liver is one of the main organs that is commonly affected by COVID-19 after the respiratory system. The polyetiological nature of liver lesions in COVID-19 includes the following: direct viral damage to hepatocytes and cholangiocytes, systemic inflammatory response and cytokine aggression, reactive hepatitis, drug toxicity, hypoxia associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome, as well as sepsis and multiple organ dysfunction in terminal patients. Special attention should be paid to the liver condition in COVID-19 in comorbid patients with metabolic syndrome and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, as well as chronic liver diseases with a history of viral and autoimmune genesis. Rehabilitation issues concerning patients after COVID-19 are currently under active development. At the same time, the experience of clinical cases leaves no doubt that it is necessary to take into account the hepatobiliary system condition and the presence of comorbidity when implementing rehabilitation programs. Methods customization to the issues of early recovery of post-COVID-19 patients implies knowledge of the differentiated use of hepatotropic drugs based on Russian and foreign clinical recommendations. KEYWORDS: liver diseases, COVID-19, rehabilitation, essential phospholipids, milk thistle extract, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, cytokine damage, angiotensin converting enzyme, liver transaminases, drug-induced liver injuries. FOR CITATION: Selivanova G.B., Poteshkina N.G. Feasibility of an integrated approach to the treatment of liver diseases in various patients during post-COVID-19 rehabilitation. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2021;5(6):413–420 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2021- 5-6-413-420.
Principles of complementary food introduction in atopic dermatitis
Authors:   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federatio, Botkina A.S. , Dubrovskaya M.I. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: October 2021

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is one of the most common inflammatory skin disorders. In most patients, AD is a starting point for developing other atopic diseases, e.g., food allergy, allergic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, allergic rhinitis, and asthma known under the umbrella of "atopic march". In addition to genetic predisposition, various environmental factors are essential for the development of this dermatosis. In young children, food is the most relevant factor. This paper discusses principles of the selection of complementary food, techniques, and terms of its introduction. Prolonging of breastfeeding, the adequate introduction of complementary food, and personified nutrition program prevent the atopic march. The authors highlight that there is no special diet for atopic dermatitis. Meanwhile, food should be safe, low allergy, and balanced to provide a child with essential macro-and micronutrients. In addition, the paper addresses the utility and validity of an elimination diet which should be prescribed only in established food sensitization and used under the control o f a specialist. KEYWORDS: atopic dermatitis, atopic march, infancy, early childhood, nutrition, complementary foods, prevention. FOR CITATION: Botkina A.S., Dubrovskaya M.I. Principles of complementary food introduction in atopic dermatitis. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2021;5(6):421–426 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2021-5-6-421-426.
Chronic atrophic gastritis: patient manage
Authors:   Omsk State Medical University, Omsk, Russian Federation, Livzan M.A. , Gaus O.V. ,   Omsk State Medical University, Omsk, Russian Federation, Mozgovoi S.I. ,   Omsk State Medical University, Omsk, Russian Federation
Published: October 2021

Patient management in chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) in real clinical practice is a difficult task for a clinician. It is mainly due to the lack of reliable clinical stigmas that allow suspecting the presence of gastric mucosal atrophy. The diagnosis of chronic atrophic gastritis is valid only after a morphological assessment of gastrobiopaths taken during an endoscopy. According to a contemporary view, regardless of the inflammatory process etiology, CAG can progress to stomach cancer. At the same time, the point of no-return (at which the risk of inflammatory changes progression in the gastric mucosa and carcinogenesis preserves) is the CAG formation with the presence of intestinal metaplasia, even after the etiological factor is eliminated. Patients of this group, depending on the severity of inflammatory changes and atrophy, require constant dynamic follow-up and timely implementation of necessary measures for cancer prevention. To inhibit the progression of gastric mucosal precancerous changes, it is necessary to include the regimen using gastroprotective drugs for patients with CAG. Patients with autoimmune gastritis (in addition to the gastroprotective drugs) need to conduct regimens of cyanocobalamin therapy to prevent hematological and neurological disease manifestations. KEYWORDS: chronic atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia, gastric cancer, Helicobacter pylori, autoimmune gastritis, gastroprotection, carcinoprevention, eradication therapy, rebamipide. FOR CITATION: Livzan M.A., Gaus O.V., Mozgovoi S.I. Chronic atrophic gastritis: patient management. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2021;5(6):427–432 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2021-5-6-427-432.
Gastrointestinal stromal tumor of the stomach (clinical case)
Authors:   I.I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Skvortsova T.E. , Oganezova I.A. ,   I.I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Medvedeva O.I. ,   I.I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Zhorina O.M. ,   I.I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Belyakov I.A. ,   National Center for Clinical Morphological Diagnostics LLC, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Vorobiev S.L. ,   National Center for Clinical Morphological Diagnostics LLC, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
Published: October 2021

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) are the most common malignant submucosal neoplasms of the gastrointestinal tract, with predominant localization in the stomach and small intestine. The disease pattern is the absence of specific clinical signs, at least a third of cases are detected during examinations or surgical interventions for other diseases or at an autopsy. The examination algorithm of patients with suspected GIST includes endoscopic and radiation diagnostic methods, including a number of high-tech and expensive techniques, such as endoscopic ultrasonography, computed tomography, immunohistochemical and molecular genetic methods for studying biopsy material. Only conducting a full set of examinations will allow timely diagnosis and choosing the optimal treatment tactics for the disease with a high risk of malignancy. The authors present their own clinical case of a patient, female, with GIST, which is of considerable interest to clinicians. The above clinical case represents a typical clinical and morphological picture of GIST. The disease onset occurred in a patient over the age of 60 years and proceeded under the guise of organic dyspepsia. In this case, the use of expensive high-tech techniques allowed to verify the diagnosis of GIST and refer the patient to surgical treatment. KEYWORDS: gastrointestinal stromal tumor, stomach tumor, endoscopic ultrasonography, immunohistochemistry, differential diagnosis. FOR CITATION: Skvortsova T.E., Oganezova I.A., Medvedeva O.I. et al. Gastrointestinal stromal tumor of the stomach (clinical case). Russian Medical Inquiry. 2021;5(6):433–437 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2021-5-6-433-437.
Diarrhea syndrome: new accents of patient curation during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors:   Omsk State Medical University, Omsk, Russian Federation, Gaus O.V. , Livzan M.A. ,   Omsk State Medical University, Omsk, Russian Federation
Published: October 2021

The digestive tract, like the respiratory organs, is the entrance gate for SARS-CoV-2. At the same time, diarrhea is one of the most common gastrointestinal symptoms among infected people. As the debut of COVID-19 clinical manifestations, diarrhea can be associated both with the direct cytopathic effect of the virus on the intestinal mucosal epithelium and with the gut microbiota modulation. During the period of the expanded clinical picture of COVID-19, diarrhea syndrome is commonly associated with the adverse event of drug therapy, primarily antibiotics, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, antiviral agents, antiplatelet agents and anticoagulants, as well as with possible involvement in the pathological process of the liver and pancreas with a violation of their functional activity. Finally, after the infection, the repeated occurrence of diarrhea requires the exclusion of antibiotic-associated diarrhea, including those caused by Clostridium difficile, as well as ischemic colitis and post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome. Besides, despite the pandemic, it should not be forgotten about the possible debut of gastrointestinal disorder or an exacerbation of already existing chronic pathology. The article presents a brief algorithm for the differential diagnosis of diarrhea in the conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic. KEYWORDS: diarrhea, COVID-19 pandemic, antibiotic-associated diarrhea, ischemic colitis, post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome. FOR CITATION: Gaus O.V., Livzan M.A. Diarrhea syndrome: new accents of patient curation during COVID-19 pandemic. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2021;5(6):446–452 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2021-5-6-446-452.
Types of river sources of the thin-grained aluminosilicaclastics for the Jurassic and lower cretaceous deposits of the West Siberian megabasin
Authors: Maslov A. V.
Published: October 2021

Background. The lithogeochemical features of fine-grained detrital rocks (mudstones, shales, and fine-grained siltstones) allow, with a certain degree of success, the main parameters of the formation of sedimentary sequences to be reconstructed. These parameters include (primarily in terms of their REE and Th systematics) the types of river systems supplying thin terrigenous suspension in the sedimentation area: the rivers of the 1st category – large rivers with a catchment area of more than 100,000 km2; 2nd category – rivers feeding on the products of erosion of sedimentary deposits; 3rd category – rivers draining mainly igneous and metamorphic rocks; and 4th category – rivers carrying erosion products of volcanic associations.Aim.To reveal, based on the analysis of interrelationships between such parameters as (La/Yb)N, Eu/Eu* and the Th content, the types of river systems that fed the Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous deposits of the Shaim oil and gas region (OGR) (Sherkalinsky, Tyumen, Abalak and Mulymya formations) and the region of the North Pokachevsky field of the Shirotnoe Priobye region (Sherkalinsky, Tyumen and Bazhenov formations, Lower Cretaceous deposits).Materials and methods. The ICP MS data for almost 100 samples of mudstones and fine-grained clayey siltstones were used to analyse the features of distribution of lanthanides and Th in the Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous clayey rocks of the Shaim OGR and the area of the North Pokachevsky deposits. Individual and average composition points for formations, members and layers were plotted on the (La/Yb)N-Eu/Eu*, (La/Yb)N–Th diagrams developed by us with classification areas of the composition of fine suspended material of modern rivers of different categories.Results and conclusion. The results presented in the article showed that during the formation of the deposits of the Shaim OGR in the Early and Middle Jurassic, erosion affected either mainly sedimentary formations or paleo-catchment areas that were very variegated in their rock composition. In the Late Jurassic, the source area was, most likely, a volcanic province, composed mainly of igneous rocks of the basic composition, and located within the Urals. This conclusion suggested that the transfer of clastic material from the Urals to the Urals part of the West Siberian basin “revived” much earlier than the Hauterivian. The Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous section of the vicinity of the North Pokachevsky field was almost entirely composed of thin aluminosilicaclastics formed due to the erosion of volcanic formations. These volcanic formations were located, as followed from the materials of earlier performed paleogeographic reconstructions, probably within the Altai-Sayan region or Northern Kazakhstan. Thus, the supply of detrital material in the considered territories of the West Siberian basin had a number of significant differences in the Jurassic and early Cretaceous.
Analisis Perilaku Sosial pada Anak Slow Learner
Authors: Budiarti Eriska Witantri , Oktaviana Amalia , Kamala Izzatin
Published: October 2021

Slow learner children are one of the children categorized as children with special needs. Slow learner children have intelligence under normal children in general. This study was conducted to know the social-behavioural characteristics of slow learner children. This study uses a quantitative approach with slow learner children in Bangunsari Village, Purwodadi Subdistrict, Musi Rawas Regency, South Sumatra. The data collection techniques used are observations, interviews, and literature studies with data obtained in the form of descriptions of slow learner children's social behaviour. The data analysis techniques in this study consist of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion withdrawal. The results showed that the behaviour of slow learner children is almost the same as normal children in general. Activities carried out in life can be well received by people around. But in some moments, he brings up behaviours that are unique and different from their peers.
The Effect of Saffron (Crocus Sativus) on Oxymetholone-induced Hepatic and Renal Injury in Rats
Authors:   Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran., Kheirandish Reza , Saberi Mehdi ,   Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran., Azizi Shahrzad ,   Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran., Khakdan Reza ,   Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran., Kordzadeh Kermani Zahra ,   Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran.
Published: October 2021

Background: Oxymetholone, an anabolic-androgenic steroid, has been used to treat some diseases. The abuse of this compound, especially for muscle growth, has severe oxidative side effects on the liver and kidneys. Oxidative stress and free radicals are responsible for the development of various diseases. Phytochemicals are sources of polyphenols, flavonoids, saponins, etc. and may act as scavengers of free radicals. Saffron (Crocus sativus) has considerable antioxidant properties, which may be useful in reversing or preventing these negative effects. Methods: To evaluate the effects of saffron on the liver and kidneys degenerative changes induced by oxymetholone, 24 male Wistar rats were used. The rats were randomly divided into four groups of six rats each as: a) sham (normal saline, 40 mg/kg/day), b) saffron control (40 mg/kg/day), c) oxymetholone (50 mg/rat), and d) treatment group [saffron (40 mg/kg/day)+oxymetholone (50 mg/rat)]. The course of examination was 30 days. Results: After one month, the sham and saffron control groups had normal histological findings. The treatment group with saffron showed a significant reduction in the hepatic and renal degenerative changes induced by oxymetholone compared to those observed in group. Conclusion: Based on the histopathological results, the use of saffron produced protective effects against the degenerative changes in rats’ liver and kidneys induced by oxymetholone.
A Basis for the Decision to Rule in or out Acetaminophen Toxicity: Assessment of the Serum Level Within 4 Hours Post Overdose
Authors:   Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran., Nabavi Nima , Moshiri Mohammad ,   Medical Toxicology Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran., Tajoddini Shahrad ,   Department of Emergency Medicine, Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran., Dadpour Bita ,   Medical Toxicology Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Published: October 2021

Background: Acetaminophen is a popular antipyretic and analgesic medication worldwide; however, its therapeutic window is narrow, which may lead to overdose or toxicity. This study was conducted to assess the correlation between the serum acetaminophen levels before and 4 hours after the acute toxicity with this drug. The objective of this study was to test the validity of the serum level to arrive at a clinical decision on the toxicity with acetaminophen. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on patients hospitalized and treated with a diagnosis of acute acetaminophen overdose during one year (Sept. 2018 to Sept. 2019) at the Toxicology Department of Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad, Iran. Patients were analyzed for demographics, time of ingestion, their first and second serum acetaminophen concentrations. Results: A total of 204 patients (106 male & 98 female) were included in this study. The average dose of acetaminophen ingestion by these patients was 14.5±3.50 g and all patients were treated successfully with N-Acetyl-Cysteine (NAC). The variables of age (P=0.293), serum acetaminophen levels at 1-2 h (P=0.679), and at 2-3 h (P=0.126) did not have significant relationships with the serum acetaminophen level on the fourth hour. However, the serum acetaminophen levels tested between 3-4 h and acetaminophen intoxication dosage had significant relationships with the acetaminophen level on the fourth hour. Conclusion: In patients with acute acetaminophen toxicity, the data on the serum levels obtained before a 4-hour timepoint from the ingestion were not useful to decide on the need for the rescue treatment with N-acetyl-cysteine.
Anticonvulsive and Antioxidant Effects of Pioglitazone on Pilocarpine-induced Seizures in Mice
Authors:   Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran., Rostamian Saba , Keshavarz Hedayati Samaneh ,   Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran., Khosraviani Sara ,   Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran., Aali Ehsan ,   Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran., Naderi Yazdan ,   Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.
Published: October 2021

Background: Epilepsy is a neurological disorder caused by uncontrollable discharge of action potentials from neurons in the brain. After a seizure, oxidative stress may cause a significant neuronal damage. In the current study, we assessed the anticonvulsant and antioxidant properties of pioglitazone, a peroxisome proliferated activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) agonist that is used in type-2 diabetes, on pilocarpine-induced seizure in mice. Methods: Pilocarpine (400 mg/kg) or normal saline was injected intraperitoneally 4 hours after oral administration of Pioglitazone (80 mg/kg). Also, carboxymethyl cellulose was administered orally in control and Pilocarpine groups. After the administration of Pilocarpine all of the mice were observed for 1 hour to measure the seizure latency time. Pilocarpine-induced seizures were categorized using the Racine scale. Then all animals were decapitated, brain was removed and hippocampus was dissected. Finally, the level of Malondialdehyde (MDA) and Catalase (CAT) activity, Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), and Glutathione Reductase (GR) levels were quantified in hippocampus by biochemical methods. Results: Pioglitazone significantly increased the latency to seizure onset of stages 1-4 (P≤0.01-0.001). Also, pioglitazone prevented the development of stage 5 of the pilocarpine-induced seizure. After the seizure, pioglitazone significantly decreased the level of MDA (P<0.01) and elevated the levels of CAT (P<0.01), SOD (P<0.01) and GR (P<0.001) enzymes in the mice hippocampus compared to those in the pilocarpine group. Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate that the antioxidant effect of pioglitazone may play an important role in its protective effects against neuronal damage caused by pilocarpine-induced seizure.
Economic analysis of the firm’s boundaries and the limits of competition: The case of Nord Stream 2 AG
Authors: Avdasheva S. B. , Yusupova G. F.
Published: October 2021

Using publicly available information, the article examines the economic concepts, which underlie the arguments of the decision of Polish competition authority UOKiK in relation to the participants of the Nord Stream 2. It explains the interrelation between economic and legal concepts, which are to be applied to interpret the competitive impact of joint venture and probable theory of harm for infrastructure investments under competition law of European Union, including in comparison with Russian competition law. It has been demonstrated that the resolution of a consortium case should be based on the proof of two statements. The first statement implies that the joint venture is a firm (and therefore the creation of a joint venture is a deal leading to economic concentration). The second statement means that despite Gazprom adopted the commitments about decision of the European Commission and trends in the development of the European gas market, the possibility of price discrimination is retained. Discussion and contestation of the decision against PJSC Gazprom testify in favor of maintaining the relevance of institutional studies and studies of industry markets for resolving legal disputes arising from the application of competition law.
Shortageflation 3.0: War economy — state socialism—pandemic crisis
Authors: Kolodko G. W.
Published: October 2021

The crisis caused by the coronavirus pandemic has prompted governments and central banks to take unorthodox measures aimed at protecting the standard of living of people and sustaining the production and service activities of companies. The policy of aggressively rising the supply of money has entailed a significant increase in the budget deficit and public debt. It is important to consider the extent of its impact on the escalation of inflation processes and to formulate suggestions regarding the economic policy. Inflation is already higher than the official indicators show it, because it is partly suppressed. The increase in the general price level does not fully reflect the actual inflation rate. We are dealing with shortageflation — the simultaneous occurrence of price inflation and repressed inflation accompanied by shortages. It is methodologically interesting to compare this current phenomenon, 3.0, with the suppression of inflation in the war economy, 1.0, and in the economies of state socialism, 2.0. Such comparisons highlight not only the similarities of these processes but also the differences resulting from the specificity of responses of households and businesses. This article discusses five channels of unloading excessive savings, indicating the most beneficial ones from the point of view of sustainable economic development in the post-pandemic future. It is particularly important to prompt the conversion of compulsory savings into voluntary ones and at the same time to stimulate the transformation of inflationary monetary reserves into the effective demand expanding the use of existing production capacities and investments in creating new capacities.
The Influence of "Art Teaching Guide" on the Concept of Art Education, Teaching Practice and Art Teacher Education in China
Authors: Li Hui
Published: October 2021

In China, with the rapid economic development and the general improvement of people's quality, the traditional mode of art education has been unable to meet the needs of social development. The outline of the 14th Five-Year Plan calls for building a high-quality education system and promoting the modernization of education. In the process of vigorously promoting the new curriculum reform, with the overall educational goal of cultivating students' "core qualities" and promoting people's all-round development, China has introduced advanced western educational concepts in the aspect of fine arts education and adopted corresponding measures to reform China's fine arts education. This article discusses the influence of "Art Teaching Guide" written by American professors Mike Parks and John Cesca on Chinese art education philosophy, teaching practice and art teacher education. Finally, combining with the actual situation of Chinese art education, the author expresses some thoughts and hopes about the content of this book.
Effect of Huaier Granule and Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization on the Treatment of Advanced Liver Cancer
Authors: Yao Zheng
Published: October 2021

Objective — To explore the effect of Huaier granule combined with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) in the treatment of advanced liver cancer. Methods — From January 2017 to January 2020, 150 patients with advanced liver cancer admitted to our hospital were selected as clinical subjects for a prospective non-randomized controlled study based on different treatment schedules. Among them, 50 patients were distributed to TACE group with TACE treatment alone. Besides, 50 patients were assigned to chemotherapy group and received systemic chemotherapy with Folfox4 regimen alone. Among them, 50 patients were distributed as the observation group. The therapeutic effects of the three groups were compared. Results: The effective rate and disease control rate in observation group were significantly higher than those in TACE group and chemotherapy group (P < 0.05). The rate of adr in observation group and TACE group was significantly lower than that in chemotherapy group (P < 0.05). The survival rate of observation group was significantly higher than that of TACE group and chemotherapy group after 12 months follow-up (P < 0.05). Conclusion — The combined treatment of huaier granule and TACE can improve the therapeutic effect and survival rate of patients with advanced liver cancer.
Clinical Observation of Miglitol Combined with Insulin in Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Huang Shengting , Huang Shiying
Published: October 2021

Objective — To study the clinical efficacy of miglitol combined with insulin in the treatment of newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods — 96 newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients admitted to our hospital from January 2021 to September 2021 were selected as the subjects of this study. They were randomly divided into two groups by drawing lots. The control group was treated with acarbose combined with insulin glargine, and the observation group was treated with miglitol combined with insulin glargine. Fasting blood glucose, 2h postprandial blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), blood glucose compliance time, occurrence of adverse reactions and quality of life score of 2 groups were measured before and after treatment. Results — After treatment, fasting blood glucose, 2h postprandial blood glucose and HbA1c in both groups were lower than before (P < 0.05), and there was no statistical significance in the difference between the two groups and the time of blood glucose reaching the standard (P > 0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions in observation group was lower than that in control group, and the quality of life score in observation group was better than that in control group (P < 0.05). Conclusions — Miglitol or acarbose combined with insulin glargine can effectively control blood glucose in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes, but miglitol combined with insulin glargine has fewer adverse reactions, which can be used as the first choice for clinical treatment of newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes.
Obtrüktif Uyku Apne Sendromu Şiddetine Antropometrik Parametre Cinsiyet ve Uyku Pozisyonunun Etkisi
Authors: KABELOĞLU Vasfiye , ÖZTÜRK Oya
Published: October 2021

Obstrüktif Uyku apne sendromu (OUAS), yetişkin popülasyonda oldukça sık görülen önemli bir halk sağlığı problemidir. Obezite bu send-romun gelişimi için en önemli risk faktörüdür. OUAS şiddeti beden kitle indeksi (BKİ), uyku evresi, pozisyonu ve cinsiyete göre değişiklik göstermektedir. Bu çalışmada OUAS şiddetine BKİ, uyku evresi, uyku pozisyonu yanında cinsiyetin etkisinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmaya polisomnografi incelemesi sonrasında OUAS tanısı alan 93 (%61,58) erkek, 58 (%38,41) kadın olmak üzere toplam 151 hasta alınmıştır. Hastaların demografik özellikleri, polisomnografi parametreleri ve risk faktörleri retrospektif olarak kaydedilmiştir. OUAS tanısı üçüncü Uluslararası Uyku Bozuklukları Sınıflama Klavuzuna göre koyulmuştur. Kadın cinsiyette yaş, BKİ, diabet ve hipertansiyon gibi kardiyovasküler risk faktörleri erkek cinsiyete göre anlamlı yüksek bulunmuştur (p=0,001, p=0,001, p=0,034, p=0,001). Buna rağmen OUAS şiddeti erkek cinsiyette anlamlı bulunmasa da daha yüksek bulunmuştur (p>0,05). Bu yükseklik sırtüstü pozisyonda istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmuştur (erkeklerde AHİSIRT: 44,34±28,07/saat, kadınlarda AHİSIRT: 35,09±26,76/saat, p=0,048). REM uyku evresinde ise OUAS şiddeti kadınlarda fazla bulunmuştur (p=0,016). Bu çalışmada OUAS risk faktörlerinden olan yaş, BKİ, hipertansiyon ve diabet mevcudiyeti, kadın cinsiyette erkek cinsiyete göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı yüksek bulunmuştur. Buna rağmen OUAS şiddeti erkek cinsiyette daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Bu yükseklik sırtüstü pozisyonda istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmuştur. REM uyku evresinde ise OUAS şiddeti kadın cinsiyette daha fazla bulunmuştur. Bu durum cinsiyetler arasında yağ dağılımındaki farklılıkları düşündürmekte ve genel bir obeziteden ziyade bölgesel yağ birikiminin OUAS için daha önemli bir prediktör olduğunu düşündürmektedir.
DSS-Based Process Control and FMEA Studies for Different Processes in the Field of Textile
Authors: BURUK ŞAHİN Yeliz , AKTAR DEMİRTAŞ Ezgi
Published: October 2021

Today, in many textile firms, high defect rates and inefficiency stand out due to the intensive labor in the production processes. For this reason, to be able to detect failure modes and effects, number of defects and defect rates fast and intervene in the process just in time is vital for textile firms. Accelerating feedback by producing accurate and effective quality reports and helping senior management's decision processes will reduce appraisal costs and delivery time. In this study, Failure Mode and Effect Analysis and Statistical Process Control techniques have been integrated with a Decision Support System for different processes of textile. Thanks to the proposed integrated system in the fast fashion/textile sector, defect and/or failures will be prevented or detected on time by determining the sources of error with an effective database and monitoring system. So, process capability will increase by preventing material, operations and human-induced scraps.
COMMUNICATION SYSTEM OF THE MODERN ENTERPRISE IN THE CONDITIONS OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE DIGITAL ECONOMY
Authors:   Oles Honchar Dnipro National University, Smyrnova Tetiana
Published: October 2021

The article considers the communication system of a modern enterprise in the conditions of digital economy development. It was found that in conditions of limited own funds and the problem of attracting foreign investment in enterprises should seek reserves of product, marketing and organizational innovations in unlocking the potential of knowledge of their own employees, where communications are one of the most important factors of success. It is proved that modern digitalized enterprises are forced to pay much attention to horizontal communications, which is primarily due to the processes of creating new products, which requires the integration of marketing, production and R & D. The information-technological way of enterprises to digital communications is singled out. The set of factors influencing the transition of enterprises to the digital economy and digitalization of their communication systems has been studied. It is established that the first factor is the increase in the intensity of communications, both business and personal; the second factor is the automation of interactions in real time (online), which leads to the replacement of IT and digital platforms of the usual means of establishing business relationships; The third factor in the transition of enterprises to digitalization is the processing of information resources online to increase economic efficiency in almost all types of economic activity. The scale and speed of communication interactions between enterprises in the conditions of digitalization are allocated. The combination of accumulated IT technologies, including user and corporate computing devices, the volume and quality of Internet connections with various systems and Internet services leads to the fact that the systems accumulate inaccessible to date digital data. It is established that the definition of the communication system steadily increases with the evolution of enterprise theory. It was found that the communication system is a necessary element of a holistic approach to enterprise management, which is recognized as the foundation for the successful development of socio-economic systems. The basis of a modern enterprise, which is common to the digital economy, is its reproductive essence, which determines the specifics of the work on the potential of the enterprise.
EVOLUTION OF THE FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE CONCEPT OF PUBLIC DEBT
Authors:   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Zhmurko Nataliia , Rudyk Olga ,   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Hrynkevych Tetiana ,   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv
Published: October 2021

Globalization and the processes generated by it and the solution of the main issues for the development of the state's economy are impracticable without addressing the issues of ownership and use of funds, their expedient and effective use. World financial crises and solutions to global issues in the state induce the state to borrow, both internal and external. Since it is impossible to stop the needs of the state and the population, as well as to stop the development of the economy, and this causes the investment of significant financial resources. To solve the main tasks of the state, it is necessary to have fundamental capital investments, therefore the state objectively borrows funds and the main task is to implement the effective use of its own and borrowed funds. Due to problems with a significant shortage of funds in the state, the country has a system of state credit, which is an important component of the financial system of the state. And it is the system of state lending that is the link between the spheres of the economy and the state budget. The very existence of the public credit system led to the emergence of the public debt system. Undoubtedly, such phenomena as financial crises, inflation, an unstable situation in the foreign exchange market and especially an increase in the size of public debt, as well as an excessive amount of budget expenditures in comparison with revenues, determine the economic situation and development of our state. Today, the size of the country's public debt and the basis for repayment of this affect all areas of the state's economic system. And that is why it is important to identify problems for its management and maintenance. The stability of the economy is determined through the expedient use of debt funds and the proper servicing of public debt. The efficiency of the implementation of budgetary policy in the state and the stability of the national currency will depend on the solution of these issues. That is why the article is devoted to the study of the theoretical foundations of the formation and development of the concept of «public debt», its analysis and generalization of its interpretation by different economic schools.
DECENTRALIZATION OF POWER IN UKRAINE, PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS FOR DEVELOPMENT
Authors:   Prydniprovska State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Orlovska Yulia , Kiriukhin Rostyslav ,   Prydniprovska State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Published: October 2021

The article reveals the features of the decentralization of power in Ukraine, highlights the current state of reform implementation, and identifies the risks of decentralization. It describes the problems that may arise during the implementation of the tasks of decentralization and possible ways to solve them. As well as problems those hinder the reform of decentralization at the local government level. One of the most effective mechanisms for reforming the public administration system to ensure its efficiency and compliance with the requirements of the time is decentralization. Decentralization is the process of transferring management functions and powers of central authorities to the local level of government. A retrospective analysis of decentralization has established an unjustified delay in its onset. It explained that the actual changes towards decentralization date back to 2014, when the law enshrined the transfer of financial, logistical and other resources to the regions. Determining the prospects for decentralization in Ukraine, the expected risks that this process may cause are analyzed in this article. It is proposed to distinguish systemic risks (corruption, duplication of powers between the state public authorities and the regional public authorities, economic polarization of regions) and situational risks (social, personnel, politicization risk). The normative and legal framework, which is the foundation for the implementation of decentralization reforms in Ukraine, is characterized. Conclusions and prospects for further research are made regarding positive shifts in the course of the implementation of the reform of decentralization of power in Ukraine. The main direction of our further scientific research is the methods aimed at stimulating the efforts of local authorities to support and develop business within the community, because revenues from personal income tax are a significant part of local budgets.
A TOOL OF STATE REGULATION OF ECONOMY OF UKRAINE IN CHALLENGING TIMES
Authors:   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Mihasiuk Ivan , Kosovych Bohdanna ,   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv
Published: October 2021

The article investigates the possibilities of using the means of state regulation of the economy in modern Ukraine in the conditions of crisis phenomena and challenges. Among the most negative threats to the domestic economy are military aggression by Russia, the prevailing depressive business climate in the society, high levels of shadowing and corrupt schemes in economic activity, critical external debt, excessive scale and rate of loss of human capital, inconsistency of public administration and society's expectations, and in addition, the global pandemic COVID-19. The need to strengthen state influence on the domestic economy up to the use of certain elements of economic dictatorship has been clarified. The necessity of an economic dictatorship in Ukraine, i.e. the imposition of a state of economic emergency, is caused by a too long and devastating crisis that covers all spheres of society – economic, social and political and can lead to social upheaval. In the transition period, it would allow in a relatively short time to improve the structure of national production, which would contribute to its competitiveness, economic growth. After all, economic methods of state regulation and the use of market mechanisms aimed at changing the structure of production will give results only after a long period and will be accompanied by further growth of unemployment and declining economic indicators. The main tools of state influence on economic processes have been identified, namely: development of anti-crisis measures; strengthening the country's defense capabilities through the development of the military-industrial complex; forecasting and planning of economic development; control and influence on financial markets; fight against shadowing, corruption, negatives of oligarchization; control over foreign economic activity; guaranteeing the interests of external and internal investors; investing in the economy; development of various forms of public-private partnership; promoting the economic development of the regions of Ukraine. Emphasis has been placed on the positive role of centralized state regulation of the Ukrainian economy in the face of threats and challenges for the formation of civilized market relations. Tight economic policy of the state will allow directing the activities of all business structures in the legal field in order to form a real market. Only the state is able to unite the efforts of all branches of the state governance in order to develop and implement a new economic policy aimed at forming a market economy in the interests of society as a whole.
ENHANCING THE REGION’S INVESTMENTS ATTRACTIVENESS FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF REGIONAL MARKETING
Authors:   Mukachevo State University, Resler Maryna , Hoblyk Volodymyr ,   Mukachevo State University, Havrylets Olesya ,   Mukachevo State University
Published: October 2021

The study identifies ways to increase the investment attractiveness of the region from the point of view of marketing, including defining strategic objectives for the development of the region; and establishing the level of investment attractiveness of the region; increasing the role of marketing in the region’s investment attractiveness. The first part of the article based on the literature on this topic presents the theoretical foundations of investment. The second part uses statistical management and data contained in investment reports to the level of investment attractiveness of the region. The study concluded that it is substantiated that investor’s decisions are influenced by several subjective factors that are quite difficult to measure, and they express an individual system of preferences, partly determined by the investor’s knowledge, including the image of the region. The marketing tools that realization is possible within the limits of regional marketing are considered. Based on regional marketing the competitive advantages of the region are evaluated and maintained, the level of its attractiveness for investments in comparison with other competing regions is determined, and also parameters of competitiveness of administrative-territorial formation as its ability to constant development based on adaptation to market changes. It is proposed during the analysis of investment attractiveness of the region to determine the real investment attractiveness, using the tools of the complex "4P", which allows identifying such features of the investment project (individual region) that characterize it as an investment product. These tools of regional (territorial) marketing can be used effectively to create new competitive advantages of a particular region, to influence the target audience, and thus attract economic agents. The prospects in this direction lie in the transformation of regional (territorial) marketing instruments for use in the formation of new competitive advantages of the region, influencing the target audience and thus increasing the involvement of economic agents.
STUDY OF INVESTMENT POTENTIAL OF CIRCULAR BUSINESS' COMPANIES
Authors:   Oles Honchar Dnipro National University, Dzhusov Oleksii , Krasnikova Nataliia ,   Oles Honchar Dnipro National University, Benenson Olga ,   Oles Honchar Dnipro National University
Published: October 2021

In the last decade, a number of scientists around the world have been considering the transition from the traditional linear to circular economy, seeing it as part of the fourth industrial revolution, which should result in significant improvements in the sustainable use of natural resources. Many large international corporations are gradually beginning to engage in this transition by developing and implementing technologies for circular business in their production chains. The article considers the investment potential of shares of such companies; how attractive shares of corporations working with circular business technologies may be for investors. In order to achieve the aim of the research the authors consider several from major international corporations operating in technologies of both old linear economy and circular economy. Using the technical possibilities of the Internet resources a number of charts reflecting comparative dynamics of share prices of each of the studied companies with the Standard & Poor's – 500 index of the stock market have been constructed and analysed. It also studied the comparative dynamics of each from those companies’ share price with the relevant sector indices. It is concluded that, in the current environment, the circular business of large international corporations does not yet have any significant impact on the change in the share price of the relevant company. The company's core business is still decisive. Therefore, when looking for stocks with significant investment potential, the extent of a company's involvement in the circular economy may be taken into account, but this factor should not be decisive for the investment decision. The development of the circular economy is very important from the point of view of the social and environmental impacts of human economic activity, but there is currently no reason to claim that circular business companies have high investment potential. This issue requires further research.