bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SINAIS DE ALERTA: IDENTIFICANDO DOENÇAS RESPIRATÓRIAS COMO PNEUMONIA E BRONQUIOLITE EM CRIANÇAS E A IMPORTÂNCIA DE DIAGNÓSTICO PRECOCE
Authors: Cassemira Alves Thaliane , Gomes Teixeira de Sousa Amanda , Helou Aly Abreu Sam’la , de Almeida Cavalcanti Sabatini Murillo , Batista Borges Jorge Augusto , Leão Pereira Giselle , Machado Borges Dayane , Carvalho Valverde João Lucas , Aparecida Ribeiro Carolina , Russely de Vasconcelos Lima Dennis , Silva Larissa Flávia , Souza Pádua Maria Eduarda , Bezerra Haywsa Thalita
Published: January 2025

Introdução: As doenças respiratórias, como pneumonia e bronquiolite, são causas frequentes de morbidade e mortalidade infantil, especialmente em países de baixa e média renda. Objetivos: Este estudo teve como objetivo destacar a importância da identificação precoce dos sinais de alerta em crianças acometidas por essas condições, analisando o impacto positivo do diagnóstico e manejo oportunos na redução de complicações e óbitos. Métodos: Pesquisa realizada entre dezembro de 2024 e janeiro de 2025, com base em uma revisão integrativa da literatura científica nas bases de dados SciELo e BVS. Resultados e Discussão: Foram identificados sinais de alerta cruciais, como dificuldade respiratória, retrações costais e cianose, e discutidos os benefícios das intervenções imediatas, incluindo a aplicação de protocolos de saúde e prevenção. Conclusão: Os resultados apontam que o diagnóstico precoce é determinante para a melhoria dos desfechos clínicos, medidas preventivas e o reconhecimento ágil dos sinais de alerta são essenciais para a promoção da saúde infantil e redução da mortalidade por doenças respiratórias.
Maksymilian Chmielarczyk – dzieciństwo, młodość i życie osobiste
Authors: Stoch Elżbieta
Published: January 2025

Celem artykułu jest upowszechnienie nieznanych faktów z życia aktora Maksymiliana Chmielarczyka (1891–1953), pseudonim „Cybulski”, syna Stanisławy Aleksandry Chmielarczyk, zapomnianej artystki teatrów dramatycznych Warszawy. Podczas badań naukowych autorka odnalazła w archiwach nieznane rękopisy metryk, aktów stanu cywilnego, sporządzonych w Warszawie (pod zaborem rosyjskim). Unikatowe dokumenty odkryte przez badaczkę ujawniają nieznane dotąd fakty z historii rodziny i życia prywatnego Chmielarczyka (m.in. z okresu jego dzieciństwa i młodości). Autorka, opierając się na nieznanych publikacjach z epoki, bez mitologizowania ukazuje „światła i cienie” młodzieńczych deklamacji Maksymiliana, organizowanych przez Józefa Cybulskiego („aktora weterana”). W 1911 r. 20-letni Chmielarczyk ożenił się w Warszawie z Heleną Felicją Przybylską (fakt wcześniej nieznany), a świadkiem na ślubie był Józef Cybulski, którego traktował jak ojca i pod którego nazwiskiem występował na scenie do 1939 r. Autorka artykułu przedstawia nieznane, ukrywane lub przemilczane fakty z biografii aktora Chmielarczyka. Badaczka skupia również swoją uwagę na postaciach kobiet w późniejszych okresach życia Chmielarczyka – były to aktorki: Maria Czerniawska (ok. 1893–1931), śpiewaczka operetkowa i Stefania Cybulska (1910–1980), ostatnia żona, o których autorka pisze na podstawie źródeł teatralnych i archiwalnych. Autorka w artykule przedstawia fakty i zestawia je z legendą biograficzną, stworzoną przez Chmielarczyka w okresie PRL, kiedy był dyrektorem Teatru Miejskiego w Lublinie (1947–1949) i Państwowego Teatru im. Juliusza Osterwy w Lublinie (1949–1952).
Dlaczego warto studiować socjologię?
Authors: Łuczaj Kamil
Published: January 2025

Celem artykułu jest odpowiedź na pytanie, czy i w jaki sposób studiowanie socjologii może być traktowane jako rodzaj kapitału kulturowego oraz symboliczny zasób biograficzny. Na podstawie trzech wybranych autobiograficznych wywiadów narracyjnych z osobami, które zajmują się szeroko rozumianą twórczością internetową, a w przeszłości studiowały socjologię, artykuł pokazuje, jakie istotne – lecz trudno mierzalne – korzyści przynosi jej studiowanie. Analizie porównawczej poddano: biografię Anastazji, zarabiającej na treściach rozrywkowych, Patryka, tworzącego treści dotyczące gier komputerowych oraz Zbyszka, który publikuje materiały na temat piłki nożnej. Wyniki badania zaprzeczają popularnemu neoliberalnemu przekonaniu, mówiącemu że studia powinny, przede wszystkim, wyposażać młodych ludzi w konkretne kwalifikacje i określone kompetencje.
Janina Doroszewska – pedagog, kobieta nauki, profesor
Authors: Dajnowicz Małgorzata
Published: January 2025

Janina Doroszewka była prekursorem metod pedagogicznych związanych z opieką nad dzieckiem, zwłaszcza dzieckiem szczególnej troski. Zarówno w pracy naukowej jak i działalności zawodowej prezentowała indywidulane podejście do kwestii wychowania dzieci, opieki nad niepełnosprawnymi, terapii medycznej, psychologicznej, pedagogicznej. Wychowała pokolenia współczesnych pedagogów, zwłaszcza w zakresie pedagogii specjalnej. Szczególne znaczenie przypisywała roli kobiety – matki, wzorce czerpiąc z już na etapie pisania doktoratu dotyczącego tematyki maryjnej. Zarówno Janina Doroszewska jak i jej mąż – wybitny profesor językoznawca Witold Doroszewski w życiu i aktywności publicznej kierowali się wartościami patriotyzmu, co okazywali podczas trwania II wojny światowej, Janina – w opiece nad dziećmi niewidomymi w Laskach, Witold zaś w tajnym nauczaniu uniwersyteckim. Na przełomie lat pięćdziesiątych i sześćdziesiątych sympatyzowali również z ideami opozycji PRL uczestnicząc w spotkaniach Klubu Krzywego Koła i następnie w latach siedemdziesiątych Komitetu Obrony Robotników.
Ludomir Benedyktowicz (1844–1926) – bezręki artysta
Authors: Skrzydlewska Beata
Published: January 2025

W artykule przedstawiono krótki rys biograficzny artysty malarza Ludomira Benedyktowicza (1844–1926). Należał do pokolenia artystów, w którego życiu niebagatelną rolę odegrało powstanie styczniowe. W wyniku odniesionych ran podczas jednej z bitew, stracił obie ręce. To jednak nie załamało go, wręcz przeciwnie, zmobilizowało do ciężkiej pracy i nie tylko rozwijania talentu, ale także techniki i umiejętności posługiwania się pędzlem, węglem i piórkiem. Studiował w Akademii Sztuk Pięknych w Monachium i w krakowskiej Szkole Kompozycji Jana Matejki. W Krakowie prowadził własną pracownię malarską. Ogłosił też kilka tomików poezji, wydawane w rocznice powstania styczniowego.
Przełom w kształceniu plastycznym w środowisku lubelskim
Authors: Boguszewska Anna
Published: January 2025

Na przełomie lat sześćdziesiątych i siedemdziesiątych XX w. na terenie kraju stopniowo wprowadzana była reforma systemu kształcenia nauczycieli umożliwiająca podnoszenia wykształcenia absolwentom wyższych szkół nauczycielskich do stopnia magistra. Rok 1973 stanowił punkt zwrotny w kształceniu nauczycieli. Zmiany były poparte opracowaniem raportu o stanie oświaty, postanowiono, że dokształcenie czynnych nauczycieli oraz kształcenie nauczycieli odbywać będzie się na poziomie akademickim, jako studia czteroletnie, jednokierunkowe o jednej specjalności przedmiotowej Zaistniała zatem możliwość kształcenia plastycznego nauczycieli na wyższym poziomie.
            Celem niniejszego artykułu jest prezentacja początków działalności pracowników prowadzących kształcenie plastyczne w latach 1972-1976, czyli do momentu powołania Instytutu Wychowania Plastycznego na Uniwersytecie Marii Skłodowskiej-Curie w Lublinie. Za ważne uznano przedstawienie przełomowych okoliczności i znaczenia osób, ich decyzji, które przyczyniły się do odnowienia kształcenia plastycznego w Lublinie i formowania edukacji na poziomie wyższym. Podjęto próby rekonstrukcji biogramów osób mających kluczowe znaczenie w opisywanej materii. Wyniki analiz stanowią przyczynek do badań dokumentujących działania edukacyjne o charakterze artystycznym.
Biografie sprawców przemocy w kontekście relacji partnerskiej
Authors: Okoniewska Ewelina , Rębiś Daria
Published: January 2025

Na podstawie biografii trzech sprawców przemocy przebywających w Areszcie Śledczym w Kielcach, przestawiono mechanizmy psychologiczne zachodzące pomiędzy ofiarą a sprawcą z perspektywy sprawcy. Sprawcy dzielili się swoimi doświadczeniami z przemocą z wczesnodziecięcego okresu życia, a także aktualnym rozumieniem i definiowaniem zjawiska przemocy w bliskich relacjach. W badaniu zastosowano wywiad narracyjny z elementami wywiadu ustrukturyzowanego oraz analizę dokumentów takich jak opinie sądowo-psychiatryczne sporządzone przez biegłych psychiatrów oraz sprawozdania z wywiadów środowiskowych autorstwa kuratorów zawodowych. Dzięki uzyskanym materiałom badawczym, do których należało przybliżenie historii swojego życia przez sprawcę przemocy, możliwe było nakreślenie obrazu narracyjnego sprawcy przemocy oraz określenie jego spójności ze stanem faktycznym.  Uzyskano interesujące zależności związane z funkcjonowaniem sprawców przemocy w okresie dzieciństwa w  rodzinie pochodzenia, a determinantą przebiegu funkcjonowania badanych oraz ich działaniem w czasie obecnym.
THE IMPACT OF INDUSTRY 4.0 ON THE ECONOMY AND PRODUCTION
Authors:   Kazan Innovative University named after V. G. Timiryasov, Abulkhanova Guzelia A. , Agayev Murat V. ,   Chechen State University named after A. A. Kadyrov, Goloshchapova Lyudmila V. ,   Plekhanov Russian University of Economics
Published: January 2025

This article examines the impact of Industry 4.0 on various areas of the economy and society. Particular attention is paid to changes occurring in manufacturing processes, where new technologies such as the Internet of Things and artificial intelligence significantly increase efficiency, flexibility and accuracy. Industry 4.0 is driving a shift towards more personalized services, allowing companies to better meet customer needs. The article also examines the challenges that accompany the implementation of these technologies, including issues of safety, ethics and the need to reskill the workforce. The importance of adapting business and government to new realities is emphasized as key for successful development in the era of Industry 4.0.
RESEARCH ON THE PROBLEMS OF INFORMATION SYSTEM MANAGEMENT IN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS
Authors:   Stavropol State Pedagogical Institute, Moule Anna V. , Rasumova Zarema S. ,   Chechen State University named after A. A. Kadyrov, Dzhabagova Seda S. ,   Chechen State Pedagogical University
Published: January 2025

With the in-depth development of a new round of the scientific and technological revolution and the industrial revolution, digital transformation has become a consensus in the global educational community. Currently, the digital transformation of higher education in our country is in its initial state, and the general logical basis of digital transformation is not yet clear. How to deploy and build an information system of higher education institutions has become an urgent issue for universities. Based on this, the researchers proposed a logical framework for the digital transformation of education, which includes three main elements: driving factors, technologies and methods, as well as a goal.
PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
Authors:   Grozny State Petroleum Technical University named after Academician M. D. Millionshchikov, Dadashova Amina Srazdievna , Namaev Sharani M. ,   Grozny State Petroleum Technical University named after Academician M. D. Millionshchikov
Published: January 2025

The article analyzes the current state and future prospects of artificial intelligence development, considering its impact on various spheres of life. The aim of the paper is to identify the key directions of AI development and assess its potential impact on society. Tasks included studying existing technologies, analyzing trends and forecasting possible future scenarios. As a result, the main directions of AI development were identified, such as the development of more efficient machine learning algorithms, improving human interaction with AI, as well as potential risks and ethical problems associated with the introduction of these technologies. The scientific novelty of the study lies in a comprehensive analysis of current trends and forecasting the prospects of AI, taking into account possible social and ethical implications. The practical significance of the work is to provide information for decision-making in technology, business and politics, as well as to understand possible changes in the future.
DEVELOPMENT OF SPORTS CULTURE IN COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES
Authors:   Chechen State University named after A. A. Kadyrov, Davletova Inara R.
Published: January 2025

Culture is a product of time, reflecting the peculiarities of this epoch, and at the same time it continues to develop along with the development of time. The same can be said about sports culture. From elementary school gymnastics to modern outdoor activities, everything radiates an atmosphere of time. The emergence and development of sports culture is inseparable from the general structure of the institution and society and has typical spatial and temporal characteristics. Dynamics is a group characteristic of the campus sports audience. Students play sports in addition to intensive studies, which has brought a new atmosphere and motivation, and social fashion sports are rapidly becoming popular, so that the entire sports culture is constantly changing and developing.
Advances and applications of single-cell RNA sequencing in deciphering the tumor microenvironment of malignant skin tumors
Authors: Feng Yiting , Liu Lanlan , Hu Chunlan , Sun Jie , Yin Mingzhu , Li Xin
Published: January 2025

The three most prevalent malignant skin tumors are basal cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and cutaneous melanoma (CM). While BCC and SCC generally exhibit low levels of malignancy, some tumors can become invasive and metastasize. In contrast, CM is the most malignant and lethal form of skin cancer among these three. In recent years, the increasing incidence of skin tumors has garnered significant attention within the medical community. The advent of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) technology has revolutionized the analysis of the tumor microenvironment (TME) in skin tumors, offering novel insights for clinical research. In this review, we provide a concise introduction to scRNA-seq technology and its application in delineating the heterogeneity of the TME in skin tumors, elucidating the mechanisms of tumor progression and pathogenicity, and uncovering new therapeutic targets. Our review offers a comprehensive overview for researchers, offering insights that may advance the understanding of the skin TME in future studies.
iPSC-mediated genetic manipulation promotes natural killer cell-centered cancer immunotherapy
Authors: Zheng Yiran , Zhang Yumo , Yang Zhouxin , Keung Chan Wing , Wang Youwei
Published: January 2025

Natural killer (NK) cells demonstrate potent cytotoxic activities and the capacity to secrete cytokines. Their distinctive capability to trigger cell death, bypassing the need for major histocompatibility complex recognition, opens promising avenues for their use in clinical settings such as allogeneic transplantation and tumor immunotherapy. Although the ability of NK cells to kill hematological tumors has been widely recognized, their effectiveness in treating solid tumors is not as pronounced. The intricate interplay of NK cells with the tumor microenvironment, specifically in the context of solid malignancies, has been noted to attenuate the anti-cancer prowess of NK cells and foster the ability of malignant cells to elude immune surveillance. Successful NK cell-centered immunotherapy hinges on obtaining a substantial quantity of NK cells with potent tumor-killing capabilities. However, the current challenge lies in the limited ex vivo expansion of NK cells and the inefficiency of gene introduction methods. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are multipotent stem cells with relatively easier gene transfection capability and theoretically unlimited proliferation potential. NK cells derived from iPSCs circumvent the challenge of difficult genetic modification in NK cells, offering various potential strategies to counteract the immune suppression induced by the tumor microenvironment.
Examination of the Effect of Four Pesticides Used in Practice on Beauveria Strains Under Laboratory Conditions
Authors: Horváth Eszter , Lakatos Ferenc , Grabenweger Giselher , Tuba Katalin
Published: January 2025

Biological pest control is increasingly crucial and emphasized in research, leading to the frequent use of entomopathogenic fungi such as Beauveria bassiana and B. brongniartii. Integrated pest management often requires multiple control agents to address various species simultaneously, raising the question of the interaction between the utilized fungi and the other active agents applied simultaneously. The present study examined the interactions between active ingredients and entomopathogenic fungi in laboratory conditions. The results indicate that insecticides and herbicides containing diazinon or glyphosate have neutral or positive effects on the examined Beauveria species. However, fungicides with the active ingredients penconazole or sulfur demonstrated adverse effects when used alongside the tested entomopathogenic fungi. The combined use of fungicides and fungi deserves examination because, in many cases, fungal diseases appear simultaneously with pests, e.g., powdery mildew.
Radial and Vertical Distribution of Dissoluble Total Carbohydrate Content in the Beech (Fagus sylvatica L.): Relationships with Red Heartwood Formation
Authors: Visi-Rajczi Eszter , Hofmann Tamás , Albert Levente
Published: January 2025

Red heartwood forms in most old beech stands, which reduces the commercial value of the wood considerably. Many of the chemical and biochemical processes involved in red heartwood formation are known, but research has been limited to a single level of the stem (usually at breast height). The present study investigated the radial and vertical distribution of dissoluble carbohydrates at different height levels within a red heartwood (17 levels) and a non-red heartwood (12 levels) beech stem. The radial changes of the concentrations differ notably in beech with or without red heartwood. An increase in the transition zone is not a mandatory condition for red heartwood formation, but a decrease in concentration always occurs after the transition zone. Intense sugar metabolism at the color boundary contributes to the surplus energy required in red heartwood formation and the in situ synthesis of polyphenolic compounds.
Tree Health Survey Results of Juvenile Black Locust Clones
Authors: Ábri Tamás , Keserű Zsolt , Koltay András
Published: January 2025

The black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) is a significant tree species in many European countries, especially Hungary. The Hungarian Forest Research Institute initiated a project in the 1960s to improve Robinia stem quality and yield. Five newly bred clones (Laposi, Napkori, Hajdúsági, Farkasszigeti, Püspökladányi) are currently undergoing tests in three trials (Debrecen, Napkor, and Nyírbogdány). Studying the health status of these clones is vital to the cultivar certification process. In September 2022 (Napkor) and August 2023 (Nyírbogdány, Debrecen), we investigated 30 trees per clone by estimating average foliage loss per individual and observing the extent and causes of damage to the crown (canopy), branches, and trunk in each experimental plot. At the same time as the tree health survey, NDVI measurements were also performed in Debrecen using Trimble Greenseeker handheld sensor. Our results indicate that the clones possess good drought tolerance; however, the NDVI results revealed significant differences between the clones: Laposi and Farkasszigeti have the highest NDVI values (0.76 and 0.77), and Püspökladány has the lowest (0.74). Napkori is the most susceptible to fungal disease, exhibiting significant incidences of bark necrosis caused by Phomopsis petiolorum. The rate of insect damage was negligible, even with low levels of damage by leaf miners, which are very common in black locust plantations.
Study strengthens Missile Defense Cooperation with South Korea, U.S. and Japan in response to North Korea’s Nuclear Weapons and Missile Threats
Authors:   Taegu Science University Defense Security Institute, Yang Hye Won
Published: January 2025

As the threat from North Korea's nuclear weapons and ballistic missiles intensifies, South Korea will establish a strategic command center on Armed Forces Day on October 1, 2024, and seek to quickly respond to North Korea's nuclear weapons and weapons of mass destruction. President Yoon Seok-yeol made the Washington Declaration in April 2023, calling for the ROK-US alliance to build a strong alliance based on nuclear weapons. South Korea sought to strengthen security while strengthening the foundation for cooperation between Korea and the United States on extended deterrence in the ROK-US Nuclear Consultative Group(NCG). This study focused on the need to strengthen military power by analyzing cases of the United States, Israel and Japan that cooperated in missile defense. South Korea should strengthen its missile defense cooperation with the United States and Japan and use it to enhance South Korea's national interests. South Korea needs to develop weapons systems and strengthen its military power through joint research and development with the United States and Japan.
Atypical Pneumonia in the Elderly: A Meta-Analysis of Risk Factors, Treatment Outcomes, and Mortality
Authors: Veghasanah Tanlie  , Zarfiardy Aksa Fauzi
Published: January 2025

Background: Atypical pneumonia poses a significant threat to elderly individuals, often leading to severe complications and increased mortality. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate risk factors, treatment outcomes, and mortality associated with atypical pneumonia in elderly patients.
Methods: A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases was conducted from January 2013 to December 2024. Studies reporting on atypical pneumonia in patients aged 65 years or older were included. Data on risk factors, treatment outcomes (clinical cure rate, radiological improvement, length of hospital stay), and mortality were extracted and pooled using random-effects models.
Results: Six studies involving 1,875 elderly patients with atypical pneumonia were included. Advanced age (≥80 years), comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, heart failure, diabetes mellitus), and delayed initiation of antibiotic therapy were identified as significant risk factors for severe disease and mortality. Treatment with macrolides was associated with a higher clinical cure rate (OR 2.15, 95% CI 1.52-3.04, p<0.001) and shorter hospital stay (mean difference -2.8 days, 95% CI -4.1 to -1.5, p<0.001) compared to fluoroquinolones. The pooled mortality rate was 12.8% (95% CI 9.5-16.1%).
Conclusion: Atypical pneumonia in the elderly is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Early recognition of risk factors and prompt initiation of appropriate antibiotic therapy, particularly with macrolides, are crucial for improving outcomes in this vulnerable population.
Sirtuin activators as an anti-aging intervention for longevity
Authors: Sah Puja , Rai Anita K. , Syiem Donkupar
Published: January 2025

Sirtuins are a family of NAD+-dependent class III histone deacetylases that regulate histones and other proteins. The mammalian sirtuins comprise seven members that have a role in energy metabolism, DNA repair, inflammation, cell survival, apoptosis, cellular senescence, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial production. Sirtuin modulation may have beneficial effects on aging and age-related diseases; thus, attracting a growing interest in discovering small molecules modifying their activity. A class of compounds both natural and chemically synthesized has emerged as sirtuin activators. This review discusses mammalian sirtuins in aging, the small molecules that activate sirtuins, modulation of sirtuin activity, and its impact in alleviating the effects of aging.
Unlocking the potential of gold nanoparticles as a game-changer in the fight against hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Saha Sarmistha , Taneja Manas , Dubey Sneha , Bhardwaj Alok
Published: January 2025

According to research, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), ranks third globally in terms of cause of death and is the fifth most common type of cancer overall. Finding novel means of diagnosis and treatment is therefore crucial. The use of nanotechnology as a cancer treatment has drawn a lot of interest recently. Despite significant advancements in detection and treatment, there is still a long way to go before this disease is completely eradicated. Therefore, it’s critical to find innovative ways to diagnose and cure conditions. In particular, the substantial inertness of metallic nanoparticles (NPs) and their nanoscale structures, which have sizes comparable to many biological molecules, attract a great deal of interest in the biomedical field. Due to their exceptional optical qualities, chemically modified surface through the attachment of various ligands, biocompatibility (bio-inertness and low cytotoxicity), and superior optical properties, gold NPs (AuNPs) have garnered significant interest. The current review discusses the efficiency of AuNPs in various fields, including imaging, immunotherapy, and photothermal therapy for treating liver cancer. Finally, this review summarized the limitations of the prospects of the AuNPs.
Analysis on the Impact of Industrial Agents on 3D-printed Polymeric Materials in Soft Robotics
Authors: Rusu Dan-Mihai , Petrascu Olivia-Laura , Barsan Alexandru , Morariu Timotei , Morariu Fineas , Pascu Adrian Marius
Published: January 2025

The study investigates the effects of aggressive factors environments commonly found in industrial environments on the elastomeric material TPU 95 A, which is integrated into a multitude of soft robotics applications. Specimens made of TPU 95 A were subjected to aggressive liquid media - cooling oil, distilled water, and ultraviolet radiation (UV-C) to evaluate changes in their mechanical and elastic properties following uniaxial tensile tests. The research, carried out using additive manufacturing technology, highlights the importance of monitoring how the external factors impact elastic and mechanical characteristics of TPU 95 A material. The results obtained after the experimental tests proves to us that the aggressive media analyzed had a greater or lesser influence on the material. By uniaxial tensile tests, it was found that the liquid absorption had a very important impact on the tensile strength of the material. For example, at 1.02% absorption in distilled water, the maximum value of the ultimate strain decreased by 0.257 mm/mm, and at 3.06% absorption in cooling oil, the maximum value of the strain decreased by 0.672 mm/mm.
Preparation and Application of Radiation-crosslinked Polypropylene by One-step Process for Corrosion Prevention of High-temperature Pipelines
Authors: Xu Huanhui , Tan Nanshu , Li Bo , Liu Fangjun , Zhang Zhenyi , Xia Mengjun , Wu Qiang , Xiao Chao
Published: January 2025

Using propylene-ethylene block copolymer (PPB) and metallocene polypropylene random (mPPR) as matrix, olefin block copolymer (OBC) and metallocene polyethylene (mPE) as reinforcement, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate as sensitizer, antioxidant 1010 and dioctadecyl 3,3-Thio-dipropionate as antioxidant, the radiation-crosslinked polypropylene with excellent high-temperature performance was prepared by one-step process and it was used to produce the heat shrinkable tape with three layers structure further. The effect of the formula, the orientation, the crosslinking, the heat treatment and shrink on the crosslinked-polypropylene were studied. The results show that the crosslinked-polypropylene has optimum overall property when the amounts of PPB, mPPR, OBC, and mPE were 50, 10, 15, and 15 phr, respectively. After the orientation in one-step process and the radiation crosslinking with the irradiation dose of 6 Mrad, the tensile strength, the elongation at break, the shrinkage ration, the gel content of the crosslinked-polypropylene reached 33 MPa, 390%, 30%, 51%, respectively. After heat treatment, its mechanical properties further improved and the decrease of its tensile strength and elongation at break did not exceed 15% after thermal ageing at 130 oC for 100 days. Moreover, the corresponding heat shrinkable tapes show outstanding peel strength, impact strength and cathodic disbondment properties in various conditions.
Pelatihan Literasi Keuangan dan Investasi untuk Siswa-Siswi Sekolah Menengah Atas
Authors: Lengkong Kathleen Maidjesta , Tompo Cherilyn Cristine , Evelyn  , Djuranovik Evelyn , Jessica  , Jonardi Kevania Rena , Ningsih Lakshmi Jaya , Apriliana Putri , Yo Sacca Kumalasari , Buntuborrong Yunovisri Valenrio , Mustikarini Carolina Novi
Published: January 2025

Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan literasi keuangan dan pemahaman tentang investasi di kalangan siswa-siswi kelas XI di SMAN 17 Makassar. Melalui pelatihan interaktif, siswa diperkenalkan pada konsep dasar manajemen keuangan dan investasi, termasuk jenis-jenis investasi, manfaat, dan strategi berinvestasi. Metode partisipatif diterapkan dengan melibatkan siswa secara aktif dalam sesi pembelajaran dan permainan edukatif, yaitu "Tebak Kata" yang berfungsi untuk alat evaluasi pemahaman. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan tingkat pemahaman siswa yang tinggi, dengan rata-rata persentase jawaban benar mencapai 82,25%. Kegiatan ini diharapkan dapat membekali siswa dengan pengetahuan yang diperlukan untuk mengelola keuangan mereka secara bijak di masa depan.
Rättsordningens byggstenar
Authors: Strömberg Tore
Published: January 2025

Beskrivning saknas.
Analysis of Lending/Financing Rates and Profit Motive among Islamic Banking Customers
Authors: Mohd Shihabuddin Muhammad Firdaus , Syed Mohamad Sharifah Fairuz , Wahab Wahibah , Md. Yusuf Mazlynda , Abdul Khir Mohamed Fairooz
Published: January 2025

This study investigates the relationship between four terms with respect to Islamic financing, including Islamic financing / conventional loan amounts, base lending, and base financing rates. Theoretically, changes in interest rate would lead profit-motivated customers into substituting Islamic financing for conventional bank loans and vice versa. This study is conducted to identify the co-integrating and causality relationship between conventional loans, base lending rates and base financing rates on Islamic financing. This study also predicts whether there is any form of profit motive among Islamic financing customers. The data used were taken from Bank Negara Malaysia (BNM) from 2014 to 2019 on a monthly basis. To confirm that unit root is absent, a stationarity test employing the Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) test was implemented. This then proceeded with various methods such as the Johansen-Juselius cointegration test, Granger Causality test, Vector Error Correction Model (VECM), as well as Impulse Response Function (IRF). This study comes to the conclusion that Islamic bank customers are possibly profit-driven and that the movement of interest rates will have an impact on their Islamic financing decision.
Relationship between Serum Fetuin-B Level and Metabolic Parameters in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Karan Canan , Çalan Mehmet , Yüksel Arif , Bilgir Oktay , Bozkaya Giray , Gezer Emre
Published: January 2025

Aim: Fetuin-B, which is part of the fetuin family, has been demonstrated to be related with the emergence of insulin resistance. Here, we examined the relationship between metabolic parameters in treatment-naive patients with diabetes and fetuin B levels in serum.
Material and Method: Individuals aged 30-65 years old who were diagnosed with newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus, had no chronic disease history, and provided informed consent were enrolled in the study. The clinical parameters were examined.
Results: Forty recently diagnosed type 2 diabetic individuals and 43 controls were analyzed in this study. A significant difference was displayed for waist circumference, serum high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, alanine transaminase, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) between the two groups. The level of serum fetuin-B was determined to be statistically significantly reduced in diabetic patients compared to that in the serum of the controls. In the diabetic group, we showed a negative correlation between CIMT and fetuin-B (p=0.035).
Conclusion: Fetuin-B levels were considerably lower in recently diagnosed type 2 diabetics as equated with those in the control group who had normal glucose levels. Additionally, an inverse association between CIMT and fetuin-B levels among individuals with recently diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Comparison of Clinical Outcomes of Conservative Treatment, Percutaneous Intralaminar Stabilization of Pars Defect, and Posterolateral Fusion with Interbody Fusion in Spondylolysis
Authors: Güdü Burhan Oral
Published: January 2025

Aim: This study aimed to compare the clinical efficacy of posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF), percutaneous intralaminar screw pars stabilization (PS), and conservative treatment (CT) for symptomatic spondylolysis (SL).
Material and Method: A retrospective randomized study was conducted on 45 patients, with 15 in each group (PLIF, PS, and CT), who underwent bilateral L5 SL and were treated between 2017 and 2022. Surgical indications included low back pain lasting >6 months that was unresponsive to CT and without sciatica. The CT group comprised patients with similar pain profiles. Clinical outcomes were measured using the visual analog scale (VAS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), and Short Form 36 (SF-36) scores at 0, 1, 3, 6, and 12 months.
Results: The study included 65% female patients with a mean age of 52 (PLIF), 44 (PS), and 46 (CT) years. Both the PS and PLIF groups showed significant clinical improvement compared with the CT group (p
Prevalence and risk implications of Hepatitis B and C Viruses in a University community in Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: Ashaka Oluwaseyi , Ezeanya-Bakpa Chinyere , Olukoya Fehintiola , Awodesu Caleb , Abdulkadir Oluwademilade , Mbata Philip , Yangs Faithfulness , Orukotan Abimbola
Published: January 2025

Objectives: This study determined the prevalence and risk implication of HBV and HCV in an asymptomatic university student group in Lagos, Nigeria.
Methods: A total of 90 students (38 males and 52 females) aged 16-25 years were enrolled in this study. Hepatitis B surface Antigen (HBsAg) and Hepatitis C Virus Antibodies (Anti-HCV) were detected using an ELISA microplate spectrophotometer at 450nm absorbance. Data on medical and socio-demographic information was obtained using pretested structured self-administered questionnaires.
Results: The overall seroprevalence for HBsAg and Anti-HCV was 2.2% respectively. Hepatitis B surface antigen was tested in 2 (5.3%) males only. Anti-HCV antibody was detected in both males and females with a prevalence of 1 (2.63%) and 1 (1.92%) respectively; with a male-to-female ratio of 1: 1. The age 19-21 years had HBsAg with a prevalence of 4.26%.  The age group 16- 18 years and 19-21 years had an Anti-HCV prevalence of 3.57% and 2.12% respectively. Sexual intercourse, intravenous drug use, tattoos and body piercings were found to be associated (p < 0.05) with HBsAg and anti-HCV.
Conclusions: The prevalence of HBV and HCV among undergraduate university students in Lagos was 2.2% respectively. HBsAg and anti-HCV were detected among an asymptomatic group of students aged 16 -21 years with associated risk factors. This group must be considered as a high-risk group for viral hepatitis infection intervention.
A Cosmic Ray Acceleration Mechanism Based on Background Flow Velocity Inhomogeneities Yielding Power-law Spectra
Authors: Wang 王 J.-F. 俊芳 , Qin 秦 G. 刚
Published: January 2025

In astrophysics, one significant challenge lies in understanding the acceleration of cosmic rays, which leads to the occurrence of a power law. In this article, momentum transport generated by the combined effects of pitch-angle diffusion and background flow velocity inhomogeneities is proposed to obtain a cosmic rays acceleration mechanism, starting from the well-known focused transport equation describing particle diffusion and acceleration. The inhomogeneities of background flow velocity are ubiquitous in the astrophysical environment. The equation for the isotropic part of the distribution function of charged energetic particles is derived, and its solution is obtained, demonstrating the form of momentum power laws of cosmic rays. In addition, if it is assumed that cosmic rays penetrate compressive MHD waves or turbulence, for quasi-steady states, the spectral index δ of the momentum power law spectrum of cosmic rays is found to be in the range [−5, −3], which includes the observed power law indices of galactic cosmic rays. The results obtained in this article demonstrate that the mechanism proposed in this article, along with shock acceleration, may also contribute to the acceleration of galactic cosmic rays. Furthermore, when momentum convection effect and higher-order momentum derivative terms are considered, the indices of power laws should be smaller than −5. This may explain the power laws of solar energetic particle events.
Expanded Generalized Needlet Internal Linear Combination (eGNILC) Framework for the 21 cm Foreground Removal
Authors: Dai Wei-Ming , Ma Yin-Zhe
Published: January 2025

The Generalized Needlet Internal Linear Combination (GNILC) method is a nonparametric component separation algorithm to remove the foreground contamination of the 21 cm intensity mapping data. In this work, we perform the discrete cosine transform along the frequency axis in the expanded GNILC framework (denoted eGNILC), which helps reduce the power loss in low multipoles, and further demonstrates its performance. We also calculate the eGNILC bias to modify the criterion for determining the degrees of freedom (dof) of the foreground, and embed the robust principal component analysis in mixing matrix computation to obtain a blind component separation method. We find that the eGNILC bias is related to the averaged domain size and the dof of the foreground but not the underlying 21 cm signal. In the case of no beam effect, the eGNILC bias is negligible for simple power-law foregrounds outside the Galactic plane. We also examine the eGNILC performance in the SKA Phase-I in mid-frequency (SKA-MID) and Baryon Acoustic Oscillations from Integrated Neutral Gas Observations (BINGO) simulations. We show that if the adjacent frequency channels are not highly correlated, eGNILC can recover the underlying 21 cm signal with good accuracy. With the varying Airy-disk beam applied to both SKA-MID and BINGO, the power spectra of 21 cm can be effectively recovered at the multipoles ℓ ∈ [20, 250] and [20, 300], respectively. With no instrumental noise, the SKA-MID exhibits ≲20% power loss, and BINGO exhibits ~10% power loss. The varying Airy-disk beam only causes significant errors at large multipoles.
Improved Particle Spray Algorithm for Modeling Globular Cluster Streams
Authors: Chen Yingtian , Valluri Monica , Gnedin Oleg Y. , Ash Neil
Published: January 2025

Stellar streams that emerge from globular clusters (GCs) are thin stellar structures spread along the orbits of progenitor clusters. Numerical modeling of these streams is essential for understanding their interaction with the host galaxy's mass distribution. Traditional methods are either computationally expensive or oversimplified, motivating us to develop a fast and accurate approach using a particle spray algorithm. By conducting a series of N-body simulations of GCs orbiting a host galaxy, we find that the position and velocity distributions of newly escaped stream particles are consistent across various GC masses and orbital parameters. Based on these distributions, we develop a new algorithm that avoids computing the detailed internal cluster dynamics by directly drawing tracer particles from these distributions. This algorithm correctly reproduces the action space distribution of stream particles and achieves a 10% accuracy in stream morphology and velocities compared to N-body simulations. To facilitate broader use, we have implemented this algorithm in galactic dynamics codes agama, gala, galax, and galpy.
De Bernstein à Labov, la complexité des pratiques langagières : un facteur de hiérarchisation et de discrimination sociales et scolaires
Authors: Bertucci Marie-Madeleine
Published: January 2025

L’étude se propose, dans une perspective de compréhension de l’évolution des théories linguistiques, de mettre en évidence les stéréotypes attachés aux parlers non normés et à leur défaut de complexité à partir de la notion de code restreint développée par Bernstein (1975) et de celle de vernaculaire noir américain élaborée par Labov (1978). Basil Bernstein construit une théorie de l’apprentissage du langage, selon laquelle le développement linguistique de l’individu dépend de la classe sociale à laquelle il appartient. Cette analyse lui permet de singulariser la relation au langage de chaque groupe social et d’en déduire l’opposition inégalitaire et clivante fondatrice de sa théorie entre le langage formel ou code élaboré, apanage des classes sociales les plus favorisées et le langage commun ou code restreint, parlé par les membres des classes les plus stigmatisées socialement et économiquement. Il construit pour ce faire une typologie des traits linguistiques propres à chacun des deux codes. La théorie du code restreint de Bernstein et les discriminations sociales fortement minorantes qui en découlent ont été vivement critiquées par William Labov, dans les travaux qu’il a consacrés à l’étude de la variété de langue parlée dans les ghettos de New York, dans les années soixante, par les jeunes Noirs. Labov a dénoncé le stéréotype ethnicisé, véhiculé par le discours commun, visant à isoler un parler spécifique identifié comme celui des Noirs, assignés à résidence dans ces lieux urbains ségrégués, qu’il nomme le vernaculaire noir américain ou VNA. Le VNA serait responsable, pour l’opinion commune, du taux élevé d’échec scolaire observable dans ces espaces. Or Labov rejette cette conception et attribue les difficultés scolaires des jeunes de ces ghettos aux différences linguistiques entre leur parler et l’anglais standard des enseignants. Ces différences de structures jointes à des différences de fonctions entre les deux variétés, expliqueraient pour partie les réticences de ces jeunes à apprendre une langue ressentie comme distante, dans un contexte susceptible d’être perçu comme hostile et déstabilisant. Enfin, il dénonce l’illusion que le vernaculaire noir américain constituerait un code autonome distinct de l’anglais standard.
Linguistic complexity and theories of language in diachrony
Authors: Symeonidis Vassilis , Lavidas Nikolaos
Published: January 2025

Linguistic theories have approached change in linguistic complexity from different perspectives. Some studies have proposed, for instance, that complexity should be measured in absolute, language-internal terms, while other studies have favored a definition of complexity that is based on evidence provided by language-external parameters, such as frequency and processing difficulty. We propose a solution to this puzzle by introducing two distinct types of complexity: structural and dynamic complexity. We test our hypothesis on three semi-modal constructions of present-day English that are currently in the process of grammaticalization: be going to, have got to and want to. We argue that linguistic theory has generally ignored the interrelation of the two types of complexity and has referred to either the former or the latter type of complexity depending on the scope and the focus of each
Éloge de la naïveté dans les grammaires du français (xvie-xviie s.) Du naïf de la langue à la naïveté du style
Authors: Pagani-Naudet Cendrine , Fournier Nathalie
Published: January 2025

Dès les premières grammaires du français apparaissent des considérations relatives à la complexité et à la simplicité de la langue : tout en célébrant la richesse de sa langue, le grammairien doit démontrer sa capacité à être réduite en règles et dégager ce qui fait son ordre propre. L’enjeu est également d’ordre pédagogique : il s’agit de dédramatiser l’apprentissage d’une langue réputée difficile. Le travail du grammairien sera d’atteindre cet ordre qui fonde l’intercompréhension, et que les auteurs désignent aussi par le nom de naïveté. La naïveté apparaît ainsi comme une notion mitoyenne, entre la simplicité et la complexité, qui définit l’objet et le but de l’activité grammaticale. Si la notion de naïveté endosse assez tôt une valeur esthétique, devenant une des perfections du style, elle désigne aussi le fonds commun de la langue, ce qui la caractérise et la distingue des autres idiomes. La recherche de la naïveté forme le socle de la norme d’usage. Cet article étudie le parcours de cette notion au xvie et au xviie siècles, la manière dont elle se situe dans le discours sur la langue française, et participe à l’évaluation de la langue française au regard du latin, des autres vernaculaires et des variétés régionales.
Hebrew as “lingua simplicissima”: complexity in orations on the Hebrew language at the sixteenth-century Louvain Collegium Trilingue
Authors: Maleux Maxime
Published: January 2025

In the sixteenth century, Hebrew became part of the linguistic horizon of humanists, being taught in university curricula. Yet, professors of Hebrew felt the need to defend the study of the language from critics, using a varied array of arguments. One of these arguments was the language’s simplicity, contrary to its reputation as a difficult language. This article investigates how these orations dealt with the language’s simplicity. An interesting case is an anonymous speech delivered in the context of the Hebrew lessons of the Louvain Collegium Trilingue. Its author describes the character of Hebrew as “simple yet perfect”. Here, we see that the complexity of the language is strictly connected to the theological aspect.
Trois carrières, un savoir ? Circulations, rivalités et filiations autour de la langue française dans l’enseignement supérieur parisien (années 1860-1920)
Authors: Jorge Muriel
Published: January 2025

À partir de la confrontation d’archives privées et institutionnelles et de documents publiés, on retrace trois moments-charnières des carrières de Gaston Paris, d’Arsène Darmesteter et de Ferdinand Brunot entre les années 1860 et 1920. Ceux-ci ont collaboré ou se sont succédé à des postes et à des chaires dans plusieurs établissements d’enseignement supérieur situés à Paris et dans les alentours. On montre que le processus de définition des intitulés de postes et des contenus afférents est significatif en lui-même. Il éclaire les relations tant entre les institutions qu’entre les enseignants et les réseaux sur lesquels ils s’appuient pour être nommés. Il révèle ainsi les enjeux épistémologiques, administratifs, politiques et économiques dont participe l’institutionnalisation des savoirs sur la langue française dans l’enseignement supérieur.