bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Healing complications of dental extraction performed with and without sterile gloves
Authors: Acharya Sudeep , Joshi Sandhya , Acharya Surendra
Published: June 2019

Introduction: Dental extractions are usually carried out in non-sterile environment using clean non-sterile gloves. However, the use of non-sterile gloves are frequently probed for post surgical socket healing complications. Hence it is necessary to gather clinical proofs to answer this query. The present study aimed to compare healing complications of dental extraction performed with and without sterile gloves.

Methods: The study design was comparative cross-sectional. The sample size was calculated as 51 per group. The patients were randomly allocated to either group by allowing them to choose a lottery. All the patients undergoing non surgical dental extraction constituted the study population for present study. History taking and observation technique was used to collect data. The proforma was prepared and filled up by the researcher.

Results: Four (7.8%) cases in clean sterile group and 3 (5.9%) cases in surgical gloves group had some complications. The difference in presence of complications across groups was not significant.

Conclusion: The non-sterile clean gloves do not increase the incidence of postoperative complications as compared to sterile gloves.
Pancreatic Tuberculosis mimicking Cystic Neoplasm
Authors: Jha Anamika
Published: June 2019

Tuberculosis is endemic in our part of the world and may have uncommon presentations like pancreatic involvement. A young male presented to the OPD with recent history of pain in epigastric region and was subsequently diagnosed with a multi-loculated cystic neoplasm in pancreatic head region on ultrasonography and CT scan. The pancreatic origin was confirmed on surgery while the histopathological study revealed tuberculous nature. This case report highlights the importance of considering tuberculosis in the differential diagnosis in pancreatic masses, especially, with atypical appearances, in young patients or with background predisposing to TB and the need for histological diagnosis.
Calculating disability adjusted life years (DALY) for traffic accidents and its economic consequences in Ecuador
Authors: Cuesta Zapata Mauricio
Published: June 2019

Road traffic fatalities in Ecuador are 20.4 deaths per 100,000 people. Men are the most affected by traffic accidents: 4.2 times higher than women (33 vs. 7.8 deaths per 100,000 people, respectively). Traffic accidents show a decrease: from 22 deaths per 100,000 people in 2010 to 18 deaths per 100,000 people in 2016. The estimation of DALY by the life expectancy method used age weighting β = 0.04, r = 0.03, C = 0.1658. The average burden of disease is 141,430 DALY or 897 DALY per 100,000 people (95% CI 892-902). The cost of DALY, using the approach of human capital, is US$ 806.8 million equivalent to 0.89% of GDP, 81% caused by males and 19% by females. This percentage of GDP lost for road fatalities is equivalent as if each individual in Ecuador paid US$ 358 annually. The provinces with the largest population (Guayas, Pichincha, & Manabí) contribute with the 52% to the total population, 67% to the number of vehicles and 49% of total deaths due to traffic accidents. However, when we analyze deaths per number of people and number of vehicles, these provinces are not the most dangerous for dying in a traffic accident. Considering number of deaths per 100,000 people, the most dangerous provinces are Sucumbíos (33.5), Cotopaxi (32.0), Orellana (31.2), together, they constitute just the 5.9% of the population and 3.8% of the total vehicles, however, the average death rate of these three provinces is 1.58 times the national average (20.4 per 100,000 people). Considering the number of deaths per 100,000 vehicles, the most dangerous provinces are Napo (460), Imbabura (429) and Morona Santiago (400), together, they constitute just the 4.5% of the population and 1.9% of the total vehicles, however, the average death rate of these three provinces is 2.7 times the national average (156 per 100,000 vehicles).
The 2000-2010 Changes in Labor Market Incorporation of Return Mexican Migrants
Authors: Gutiérrez Vázquez Edith Y.
Published: June 2019

Mexico-U.S. migration has dramatically changed in the past three decades: the pronounced increasing flow of the 1990s stalled in the 2000s and a zero net migration rate was officially reported in 2010. Deportations and economic crisis have been discussed as the underlying reasons of this change. In the context of involuntary movements, I evaluate the labor market incorporation of return migrants with respect to non-movers and internal migrants in Mexico between 2000 and 2010. Using the Mexican Census samples, I found that the reduction on return migrants’ earnings is associated to changes in both, the characteristics of returnees and in the pay rates. Specifically, changes in their occupations and higher participation in informal economy are the most important differences associated to the earnings loss of return migrants. These findings suggest that return migration in involuntary contexts restrict resources that individuals use to incorporate in the job market upon returning.
Fall-Out and the German People
Authors: McPhail Sean A.
Published: June 2019

This article compares Gudrun Pausewang’s 1987 West German young adult
novel Die Wolke to Anike Hage’s 2013 manga adaptation. In so doing, it charts the development of West/Germans’ relationship to the outside world over the quarter-century separating the texts. I begin by considering the perceived threat of German annihilation – whether nuclear or environmental – in each era, as well as the change in German attitudes to democratic institutions since reunification. I then analyse each Germany’s relation to its respective role in the Second World War, before examining how West/Germans in each text express either a German or a European identity. The article finds evidence in Hage’s adaptation of a decided shift in German thinking from a predominantly nationalist perspective towards
an informed, pan-European and increasingly international outlook.
Drawing National Boundaries in Barr’s Ba-Bru Comic Strip Advertising
Authors: Leishman David
Published: June 2019

Barr’s Irn-Bru (previously Iron Brew), Scotland’s best-known soft drink,
was promoted by recurrent comic strip advertisements in Scottish newspapers from 1939 to 1970. ‘The Adventures of Ba-Bru’ featured an eponymous Indian character who was joined by a kilt-wearing companion known as Sandy. This article explores how what the firm presents as the longest-running promotional comic strip in history has helped shape the construction of Scottishness in the drink’s advertising. The exotic nature of the central Ba-Bru figure provides a counterpoint to manifestations of local particularism but also grounds the drink’s discourse on Scottishness in a wider imperial and unionist context. The comic strips also generate examples of intermedial transfer that underline the impact of quotidian consumption
habits in a national identity shaped by popular culture.
Instructional Strategy and Teacher-student Relationships as Predisposing Variables of Adult Students’ Learning Interest in the Universities
Authors: Omori Anne , Okon Abigail , Obun Michael
Published: June 2019

This study examines the extent to which instructional strategy and teacher-student relationship predict adult learners’ interest in learning in Universities in Cross River state. To achieve the aim of the study, two research questions were raised and two hypotheses were formulated for the study. The descriptive survey design of ex post facto type was employed.  Purposive sampling technique was used to select university of Calabar and Cross River University of Technology. These universities were stratified along four faculties.  A total of 200 respondents were randomly selected. Participants were 82 male and 118 female. Instructional strategies and teacher-student relationship (r=0.76) and students’ learning interest rating (r=0.76) scales were used for data collection. Data were analysed using multiple regressions at significance level of .05. Instructional strategies (ß = .679, t = 8.48) and teacher-student relationship (ß =-.170; t=2.682) had relative contribution to students’ interest in learning. Cultivating interest should not be an afterthought to the typical learning situation: Interest is essential to academic success. Therefore, adoption of instructional strategies that would motivate students’ interest and positive teacher-student relationships should be encourage  and implemented by educators in Nigerian tertiary institutions in particular, and educational system in general.
Median to radial nerve transfer after traumatic radial nerve avulsion in a pediatric patient
Authors: Larson Ellen L. , Santosa Katherine B. , Mackinnon Susan E. , Snyder-Warwick Alison K.
Published: June 2019

This case report describes an isolated radial nerve avulsion in a pediatric patient, treated by combination sensory and motor median to radial nerve transfers. After traumatic avulsion of the proximal radial nerve, a 12-year-old male patient underwent end-to-end transfer of median nerve branches to flexor carpi radialis and flexor digitorum superficialis to the posterior interosseous nerve and extensor carpi radialis nerve, respectively. He underwent end-to-side sensory transfer of the superficial radial sensory to the median sensory nerve. Pronator teres to extensor carpi radialis brevis tendon transfer was simultaneously performed to power short-term wrist extension. Within months after surgery, the patient had regained 9–10/10 sensation in the hand and forearm. In the following months and years, he regained dexterity, independent fine-finger and thumb motions, and 4–5/5 strength in all extensors except the abductor pollicis longus muscle. He grew 25 cm without extremity deformity or need for secondary orthopedic procedures. In appropriate adult and pediatric patients with proximal radial nerve injuries, nerve transfers have advantages over tendon transfers, including restored independent fine finger motions, regained sensation, and reinnervation of multiple muscle groups with minimal donor sacrifice.
Papilledema in unicoronal synostosis: a rare finding
Authors: van de Beeten Stephanie D. C. , Cornelissen Martijn J. , van Seeters Renee M. , van Veelen Marie-Lise C. , Versnel Sarah L. , Loudon Sjoukje E. , Mathijssen Irene M. J.
Published: June 2019

OBJECTIVE

Unicoronal synostosis results in frontal plagiocephaly and is preferably treated before the patient is 1 year of age to prevent intracranial hypertension (ICH). However, data on the prevalence of ICH in these patients is currently lacking. This study aimed to establish the prevalence of preoperative and postoperative signs of ICH in a large cohort of patients with unicoronal synostosis and to test whether there is a correlation between papilledema and occipitofrontal head circumference (OFC) curve stagnation in unicoronal synostosis.

METHODS

The authors included all patients with unicoronal synostosis treated before 2 years of age at a single center between 2003 and 2013. The presence of ICH was evaluated by routine fundoscopy. The OFC growth curve was analyzed for deflection and in relationship to signs of ICH.

RESULTS

In total, 104 patients were included in this study, 84 (81%) of whom were considered to have nonsyndromic unicoronal synostosis. Preoperatively, none of the patients had papilledema as determined by fundoscopy (mean age at surgery 11 months). Postoperatively, 5% of patients with syndromic synostosis and 3% of those with nonsyndromic synostosis had papilledema, and this was confirmed by optical coherence tomography. Raised intracranial pressure was confirmed in 1 patient with syndromic unicoronal synostosis. Six of 78 patients had OFC stagnation, which was not significantly correlated to papilledema (p = 0.22). One child with syndromic unicoronal synostosis required repeated surgery for ICH (0.96%).

CONCLUSIONS

Papilledema was not found in patients with unicoronal synostosis when they underwent surgery before the age of 1 year and was also very rare during follow-up. There was no relationship between papilledema and OFC stagnation.
Impact of length of stay on HCAHPS scores following lumbar spine surgery
Authors: Smith Gabriel A. , Chirieleison Steven , Levin Jay , Atli Karam , Winkelman Robert , Tanenbaum Joseph E. , Mroz Thomas , Steinmetz Michael
Published: June 2019

OBJECTIVE

Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (HCAHPS) surveys, completed by patients following an inpatient stay, are utilized to assess patient satisfaction and quality of the patient experience. HCAHPS results directly impact hospital and provider reimbursements. While recent work has demonstrated that pre- and postoperative factors can affect HCAHPS results following lumbar spine surgery, little is known about how these results are influenced by hospital length of stay (LOS). Here, the authors examined HCAHPS results in patients with LOSs greater or less than expected following lumbar spine surgery to determine whether LOS influences survey scores after these procedures.

METHODS

The authors conducted a retrospective review of HCAHPS surveys, patient demographics, and outcomes following lumbar spine surgery at a single institution. A total of 391 patients who had undergone lumbar spine surgery and had completed an HCAHPS survey in the period between 2013 and 2015 were included in this analysis. Patients were divided into those with a hospital LOS equal to or less than the expected (LTE-LOS) and those with a hospital LOS longer than expected (GTE-LOS). Expected LOS was based on the University HealthSystem Consortium benchmarks. Nineteen questions from the HCAHPS survey were examined in relation to patient LOS. The primary outcome measure was a comparison of “top-box” (“9–10” or “always or usually”) versus “low-box” (“1–8” and “somewhat or never”) scores on the HCAHPS questions. Secondary outcomes of interest were whether the comorbid conditions of cancer, chronic renal failure, diabetes, coronary artery disease, hypertension, stroke, or depression occurred differently with respect to LOS. Statistical analysis was performed using Fisher’s exact test for the 2 × 2 contingency tables and the chi-square test for categorical variables.

RESULTS

Two hundred fifty-seven patients had an LTE-LOS, whereas 134 patients had a GTE-LOS. The only statistically significant difference in preoperative characteristics between the patient groups was hypertension, which correlated to a shorter LOS. A GTE-LOS was associated with a decreased likelihood of a top-box score for the HCAHPS survey items on doctor listening and pain control.

CONCLUSIONS

Here, the authors report a decreased likelihood of top-box responses for some HCAHPS questions following lumbar spine surgery if LOS is prolonged. This study highlights the need to further examine the factors impacting LOS, identify patients at risk for long hospital stays, and improve mechanisms to increase the quality and efficiency of care delivered to this patient population.
Intrauterine closure of myelomeningocele is associated with superior long-term quality of life than postnatal closure: a single-center study
Authors: Mummareddy Nishit , Dewan Michael C. , Huang Anna , Basem Jade , Bennett Kelly A. , Shannon Chevis N. , Wellons John C.
Published: June 2019

OBJECTIVE

The Management of Myelomeningocele Study (MOMS) established several important benefits of myelomeningocele fetal closure, including decreased need for shunting at 30 months. However, the effects of fetal closure on long-term quality of life (QOL) have not been studied. In this study, the authors aimed to analyze the differences in long-term QOL between children treated with intrauterine repair and those treated with postnatal repair.

METHODS

Caregivers of children treated with either intrauterine or postnatal closure at a tertiary acute care hospital between 1997 and 2003 were contacted to participate. The Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL 4.0) and a surgical history questionnaire were administered over the phone. Responses to the QOL survey were reverse scored and linearly transformed to a 0–100 scale, with a higher score indicating better QOL. The Mann-Whitney U-test was used to analyze differences in means.

RESULTS

Seventy-four children had MMC repair between 1997 and 2003. Twenty-three (31%) of the patients’ families responded to the PedsQL 4.0 questionnaire. Of these 23 children, 11 had intrauterine closure and 12 had postnatal closure. The intrauterine group did not differ in age (median [IQR] 17 years [14–17 years] vs 15 years [14–19 years], p = 0.926), sex (27.3% vs 41.7% male, p = 0.469), or lesion level (p = 0.199) from the postnatal group. Fewer patients in the intrauterine group underwent neurosurgical procedures than those in the postnatal group (55.6% vs 100%, p = 0.018). However, of the children receiving neurosurgical procedures, there was no difference in the number of procedures between the intrauterine and postnatal groups (median [IQR] 4 [2–10.5] vs 2.5 [1.75–6.25], p = 0.458). There was no difference in the percentage of children receiving nonneurosurgical procedures between the two groups (100% vs 100%, p > 0.99). Children who underwent intrauterine closure had significantly higher psychosocial health (median [IQR] 70.0 [56.7–83.3] vs 55.0 [42.1–60.0], p = 0.015) as well as total QOL (median [IQR] 56.5 [55.4–81.5] vs 49.5 [32.9–59.0], p = 0.019) than children with postnatal closure. Physical health was not significantly different between the two groups (median [IQR] 62.5 [37.5–78.1] vs 39.1 [18.8–59.4], p = 0.108).

CONCLUSIONS

Relative to postnatal closure, children who underwent intrauterine closure of MMC demonstrated better long-term QOL as measured by psychosocial and overall QOL metrics. Given that not all medical and socioeconomic confounders were adjusted for due to the low sample size, validation of these results in a larger population and across multiple centers is needed.
YÖNETİCİYE DUYULAN GÜVEN İLE ÇALIŞMA YAŞAM KALİTESİNİN İŞTEN AYRILMA NİYETİNE ETKİSİ: OTEL İŞLETMELERİ İŞGÖRENLERİ ÜZERİNDE BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: PELİT Elbeyi , GÖKÇE Yusuf
Published: June 2019

Bu
çalışmanın amacı, otel işletmeleri işgörenlerinin, yöneticilerine duydukları
güven ile çalışma yaşam kalitelerinin işten ayrılma niyetlerine etkisinin
belirlenmesidir. Araştırmada ilk olarak araştırmanın değişkenlerini oluşturan
kavramlar hakkında literatür taraması yapılarak kuramsal alt yapı ortaya
konulmuştur. Sonrasında, konuyla ilgili olarak anket ölçme aracı kullanılarak
otel işletmeleri işgörenlerinin görüşleri alınmıştır. Araştırmanın evrenini,
Afyonkarahisar ilinde faaliyet gösteren tüm (10 adet) beş yıldızlı otel
işletmeleri işgörenleri oluşturmakta olup, toplam 539 adet işgören anketi
değerlendirmeye alınmıştır. Katılımcıların ankette yer alan ifadelere ilişkin verdikleri
cevaplar; faktör analizi, güvenirlik analizi, aritmetik ortalama değerleri, korelasyon
analizi ve regresyon analizi yöntemleri ile çözümlenmiştir. Elde edilen
bulgulara göre, genelde işgörenlerin yöneticilere duydukları güven ve çalışma
yaşam kalitesi algılarının yüksek seviyede olduğu ve işten ayrılma niyetlerinin
düşük olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca gerçekleştirilen analizler sonucunda
yöneticiye duyulan güven ile çalışma yaşam kalitesinin işten ayrılma niyeti
üzerinde negatif yönlü anlamlı etkisinin olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Circles on lattices and Hadamard matrices
Authors: Balonin N. A. , Sergeev M. B. , Seberry J. , Sinitsyna O. I.
Published: June 2019

Introduction: The Hadamard conjecture about the existence of Hadamard matrices in all orders multiple of 4, and the Gauss problem about the number of points in a circle are among the most important turning points in the development of mathematics. They both stimulated the development of scientific schools around the world with an immense amount of works. There are substantiations that these scientific problems are deeply connected. The number of Gaussian points (Z3 lattice points) on a spheroid, cone, paraboloid or parabola, along with their location, determines the number and types of Hadamard matrices.

Purpose: Specification of the upper and lower bounds for the number of Gaussian points (with odd coordinates) on a spheroid depending on the problem size, in order to specify the Gauss theorem (about the solvability of quadratic problems in triangular numbers by projections onto the Liouville plane) with estimates for the case of Hadamard matrices. Methods: The authors, in addition to their previous ideas about proving the Hadamard conjecture on the base of a one-to-one correspondence between orthogonal matrices and Gaussian points, propose one more way, using the properties of generalized circles on Z3 .

Results: It is proved that for a spheroid, the lower bound of all Gaussian points with odd coordinates is equal to the equator radius R, the upper limit of the points located above the equator is equal to the length of this equator L=2πR, and the total number of points is limited to 2L. Due to the spheroid symmetry in the sector with positive coordinates (octant), this gives the values of R/8 and L/4. Thus, the number of Gaussian points with odd coordinates does not exceed the border perimeter and is no less than the relative share of the sector in the total volume of the figure.

Practical significance: Hadamard matrices associated with lattice points have a direct practical significance for noise-resistant coding, compression and masking of video information.
Quantitative estimates of the impact of the most important factors on global climate change over the past 150 years
Authors: Pokrovsky O. M.
Published: June 2019

We proposed the implementation of the multiple regression to create a statistical model for description of the climate change under the influence of specified climate-impacting factors. This model provides not only estimates of the temporal evolution of global temperature, but also a set of corresponding confidence intervals with a given level of statistical significance (probability). The elimination of the linear trend of climatic temperature series (CRUTEM) and atmospheric CO2 concentration allows objectively and quantitatively assess the impact of natural climate change factors. The global CRUTEM temperature responds quasi-synchronously to fluctuations in the average surface temperature of the North Atlantic (AMO index), but with a delay of about 15 years – on changes in solar activity (Wolf numbers). The linear trend of increasing CO2 concentrations in the atmosphere explains almost all the interannual variability and reflects the linear trend of global temperature, but it covers a part of its interannual variability.
Spatial anisotropy assessment of the forest vegetation heterogeneity at various azimuth angles of the radar polarimetric sensing
Authors: Bondur V. G. , Chimitdorzhiev T. N. , Dmitriev A. V. , Dagurov P. N.
Published: June 2019

The results of studies to assess the texture of L- and C-band radar polarimetric images obtained from SIR-C and ALOS PALSAR-1 satellites for the analysis of forest vegetation characteristics using different signatures are summarized. A fractal polarization signature is proposed for the study, which allows to estimate the spatial anisotropy of forest vegetation inhomogeneities at different azimuthal angles of radar sensing. In addition, the signature of lacunarity is suggested as a tool for qualitative evaluation of the angular distribution of tree branches. The heterogeneities of forest vegetation at the test site near the Baikal Lake have been estimated based on the results of the analysis of fractal dimension and lacunarity at different states of the polarization ellipse.
Exotic nuclei
Authors: Jonson B.
Published: June 2019

One of the most interesting and intensively examined research directions in nuclear physics, i.e., the production and investigation of exotic nuclei in the vicinity of drip-lines is investigated. An historical overview of the development of research area is provided. Methods to produce such nuclei realized at the foremost research facilities in the world, e.g., CERN in Switzerland and GSI in Germany, are described. The critical change of the nuclear structure on approaching proton and neutron drip-lines, as well as the results of experimental studies of neutron- and proton-rich nuclei, the mechanism of neutron halo formation in neutron-rich isotopes of helium, lithium, beryllium, and boron, are discussed. In addition, medical applications of radioactive beams are discussed briefly.
Problems and prospects of education in the post-industrial information society
Authors: Betelin V. B.
Published: June 2019

This article briefly discusses the features of the education system in the USSR, which was based on the mass natural-scientific training of personnel capable of creating new knowledge for technological application to the development of strategic industries. The liberal market reforms of 1990–1992 reoriented the education system in Russia to train users to become consumers of technologies and products that already existed in global markets. The education system’s modernization during the new millennium completed the tasks outlined in the 1990s. The reforms of recent years in the field of education have led to the final abandonment of the industrial economy based upon complex technical systems, in favor of a service economy which does not create material wealth. The obvious consequence of this failure is the complete destruction of the education system inherited from the USSR, and the loss of any hope for the restoration of economically and socially significant high-tech industrial production.
An assessment of the anthropogenic impact on water resources in Russia
Authors: Koronkevich N. I. , Barabanova E. A. , Georgiadi A. G. , Dolgov S. V. , Zaitseva I. S. , Kashutina E. A.
Published: June 2019

Based on the results of research carried out at the Institute of Geography of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Academy of Sciences of the USSR), and using data from other organizations, the impact of various types of economic activity on water resources in Russia and their consequences were estimated. There are indirect anthropogenic effects through relief, soil, biota (rain-fed agriculture measures, forestry, urbanized landscapes) and direct effects (hydraulic engineering, flow transfer, water intake, wastewater discharge). The impact of a complex of anthropogenic factors on the quantity and quality of water resources was assessed. Water use indicators in Russia and other regions of the world were compared. Methods for solving water resource problems are also outlined.
Main lady of russian paleontology. To the 165th anniversary of the honorary academician Maria V. Pavlova.
Authors: Bessudnova Z. A. , Lyubina G. I.
Published: June 2019

Maria V. Pavlova was the first Russian woman to achieve significant national and international success in her chosen specialty – vertebrate paleontology. She introduced the scientific world to a rich collection of Russian paleontological material, most of which she had collected and classified. In addition, she laid the foundation for programs to educate professional paleontologists, geologists, and biologists who would benefit from an understanding of biostratigraphic methods. Thanks to these and many other achievements, Pavlova is recognized as one of the founders of Russian evolutionary paleontology as an independent biological discipline.
The imperceptible, but zealous genius. To 150 aniversary of Charls Vilson.
Authors: Shcherbakov R. N.
Published: June 2019

In the early part of the 20th century, the prominent English physicist and Nobel prize laureate Charles Wilson created a device that Ernest Rutherford, a prominent English physicist, described as the "most original and beautiful instrument in the history of science". This device, known as the Wilson camera, was instrumental in facilitating significant discoveries in nucleus, cosmic ray, and elementary particle physics. This article describes milestones in Charles Wilson’s life and describes his remarkable invention and its influence on the evolution of physical investigations in different countries, including the Soviet Union.
Lysenko up close, but from afar, or lysenkoism from the xxist century
Authors: Konashev M. B.
Published: June 2019

This paper reviews two books on Lysenkoism recently published outside of Russia. These two publications confirm the revival of interest in this phenomenon by the international scientific community. The first book, "The Lysenko Controversy as a Global Phenomenon", which comprises two volumes edited by William De Jong-Lambert and Nikolai L. Krementsov, integrates old and new approaches to studying and understanding Lysenkoism. The merits and demerits of the two-volume publication confirm the progress in the study of this subject. Loren Graham’s book, "Lysenko’s Ghost: Epigenetics and Russia", describes Trofim D. Lysenko's activities and their consequences for the development of science in Russia. Graham focuses on Lysenkoism under historical conditions and in the current Russian political context. In the reviewer’s opinion, the book has a debatable character and provides serious reasons to reflect on the fate of Russian science and the fate of the country.
Study of the modes of operation of capacitive energy storage in the automobile engine start systems
Authors: Maleev R. A , Zuev S. M , Lavrikov A. A , Grebenchikov N. P
Published: June 2019

The article presents data on the study of the operating modes of capacitive energy storage (ES) in the start systems of a modern automobile engine. Experimental dependencies of the main parameters of the electric starter start systems (SSS) using ES are presented. A comparative analysis of alternative energy storage devices revealed that the best performance indicators for specific power are ES, which is achieved due to lower internal resistance. ES are able to quickly give away and accumulate energy. The discharge and charge time is determined by the electricity consumers and the parameters of the charging circuit of ES. Studies of ES in SSS for automotive internal combustion engines (ICE) were carried out, when, instead of the standard battery the battery with a smaller capacity is used, and the ES is located in the remaining part of the volume of battery. At high specific rates of ES, the reliability of the start can be increased with the same total volume and weight of the SSS at low temperatures. The theoretical and experimental studies have allowed to obtain the dependence of the instantaneous and average parameters of the SSS on the time of the engine scrolling, as a result of which the required capacity of the ES and its internal resistance, the initial energy of the ES, as well as the necessary volume and mass of the ES are determined. The volume and mass of batteries can be determined from the reference literature or by known methods by specific energies of batteries in volume and mass. On the experimental dependences it was shown that the time of the crankshaft scrolling, the number of working strokes and the angle of rotation of the crankshaft to a complete stop Nрх depend on the capacity and charge voltage of the ES. The studies were conducted in the Cold Start Laboratory of the Federal State Unitary Enterprise Research and Experimental Institute of Automobile Electronics and Electrical Equipment together with the Department “Electrical Equipment and Industrial Electronics” of Moscow Polytechnic University, where an experimental assessment of the possibility was made of starting gasoline engines at low temperatures of SSS with ES of high-voltage (capacitors with a voltage of 200 V - 290 V) and low-voltage ESs with a voltage of 12 V - 16 V.
Exploring the effects of virtual reality on unilateral neglect caused by stroke: Four case studies
Authors: Smith Jennifer , Hebert Debbie , Reid Denise
Published: June 2019

Unilateral neglect is a common deficit following stroke which may impactfunction, safety and visual awareness. Virtual reality (VR) may be a potential new intervention option. Using a single-subject, A1-B-A2 design, four case studies explored the effects of VR on unilateral neglect. During the intervention phase (B), participants completed six, weekly, one-hour sessions of VR tasks. The outcome measures completed during the baseline (A1), treatment (B) and reassessment phase (A2) were the Behavioural Inattention Test, and the Bells test. The data were graphically represented and subsequently visually analyzed. Qualitative comments from the participants are considered along with the results. The quantitative results are inconclusive but suggest that VR may have the potential to be useful for individuals with stroke who are affected by neglect in their everyday life. Further research is warranted to substantiate these results.
Interactive Design – the desire for autonomous upright mobility: A longitudinal case study
Authors: Flodin Eva
Published: June 2019

When a child is born with a motor disability, making it difficult or impossible to acquire independent locomotion, a challenging task is to find assistive compensating technology. This study addresses the motor needs of a child, Hanna, with Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA II). She participated in the development of her assistive technology, with a focus on her independent locomotion and posture, during her infancy, childhood and early teens in a longitudinal and interactive design project. From the very beginning, she expressed a strong attraction to autonomous upright mobility, in contrast to the more common sitting posture in a wheelchair. She has used different versions of the resulting powered walking aid ever since. The upright independent locomotion it has afforded has been of major importance for her self-image, independence and physical development.
Elaboration technology of selective processing of acid mine waters of copper-pyrites complex mining plants
Authors: Mishurina O. A. , Medyanik N. L. , Mullina E. R. , Varnavskii D. A. , Rastorguev A. E.
Published: June 2019

The actuality of elaboration technology of processing of acid mining waters of copper-pyrite deposits is stipulated by necessity to increase nature resources utilization efficiency. Implementation of it will allow to decrease the dead-weight losses of manganese, copper, iron and other metals. The developed technology includes a complex of sequentially executed processes. At the first stage extraction of Cu2+ ions by cementation is done, at the second stage extraction of Fe2+ and Fe3+ ions in the dispersed phase is done by acid-base deposition. At the third stage extraction of Mn2+ ions is done by transferring Mn2+ ions under the action of an oxidizing agent in insoluble forms of manganese and the subsequent extraction of the dispersed phase by the electro flotation method. The developed technology was tested on the acidic underspoil waters of the mining enterprises in the Ural region. The obtained practical results of the developed technology implementation have shown that, the technology introduction will make it possible to obtain copper, iron and manganese in the form of commercial products with a simultaneous decrease in their concentrations in adjacent water bodies to the maximum residue limit (MRL) standards. The developed technological recommendations for the manganese extraction from acid mine waters allow selective extracting manganese in the form of a flotation concentrate, with a manganese content of up to 50.1%. The resulting manganese concentrate can be used as feedstock in various metallurgical operations. The technology is simple, it can be used without applying complex expensive equipment both independently and within a system of existing treatment facilities.
Elaboration of a technology for production conditional ilmenite concentrate by enrichment of titanium-magnetite ores
Authors: Degodya E. Yu. , Shavakuleva O. P.
Published: June 2019

The titanium-magnetite ores keep an important place among complex iron-containing ores. Utilization of these ores, comprising ores of Kopanskoe deposit, in steel industry is a serious problem, requiring for its solving enrichment resulting in obtaining iron-vanadium and ilmenite concentrates. A principal flow-chart of titanium-magnetite ores enrichment with obtaining conditional iron-vanadium and ilmenite concentrates elaborated. Results of flotation tests of non-magnetic fraction of Kopanskoe deposit titanium-magnetite ores, which is difficult for concentration. Application of flotation process for Kopanskoe deposit titaniummagnetite ores enrichment, which is difficult for concentration, enables not only to improve the enrichment indices, but considerably simplify the process chain of the plant equipment by excluding a big number of gravitational facilities. It was shown, that ilmenite and rutile flotation is successfully carried out in an acidic environment with the use of oleic acid, kerosene, sodium fluoride, sulfuric acid, foam activator VKP. The elaborated reagent complex provides obtaining conditional ilmenite concentrate. As a result of enrichment by application the elaborated magnetic flotation technology, iron-vanadium concentrate with a mass fraction of iron equal to 63.4 % and titanium dioxide – 4.5 % as well as ilmenite concentrate with a mass fraction of titanium dioxide equal to 45.2% obtained. The elaborated technology can be used for titanium-magnetite ores of Medvedevskoe, Kusinskoe, Chernorechenskoe deposits.
Results of experiments on vanadium extraction out of Kusinsky deposit titanium-magnetite ores enrichment wastes
Authors: Makhotkina E. S. , Shubina M. V.
Published: June 2019

The actuality of exhausted of titanium-magnetite ore deposits wastes is stipulated not only by necessity of their negative impact on environmental elimination, but also by a possibility of application of these wastes as vanadium-containing raw materials. Analysis of existing technological processes for vanadium extraction accomplished. A possibility of vanadium extraction out of Kusinsky deposit titanium-magnetite ore tails studied. Results of experiments on vanadium extraction as soluble vanadates by leaching from the samples after roasting with soda ash, sodium sulfate, calcium oxide, and sodium chloride in various mass ratios presented. It was determined, that additives of sodium chloride and sodium carbonate are the most effective reagents for roasting of this type of vanadium raw materials. A significant effect of titanium-magnetite ore tails chemical composition on the vanadium extraction degree revealed: with an increase content from 0.15% to 0.53% in the ore tails vanadium, the extraction degree increases to 74.8%. When using the sodium chloride reaction additive, it is possible to leach in only one stage using sulfuric acid. Increasing the sodium chloride amount in the roasting mixture leads to a significant increase in the vanadium extraction degree in the leaching solution.
RAPPORT DES ACTIVITES DE TERRAIN: COMPORTEMENT DES ANIMAUX
Authors: Oliveira Patricia Aguiar de , Furtado Gil Dutra , Oliveira Magnolia Ouriques de
Published: June 2019

L’éthique est une branche de la biologie consacrée à l’étude du comportement animal. Historiquement, l'homme a toujours eu un intérêt pour le comportement des animaux pour plusieurs raisons, notamment la domestication, la défense ou simplement l'appréciation de la nature animale. Le Parc Zoobotanique Arruda Câmara est inclus dans la zone spéciale de conservation, dans le respect des conditions d'utilisation particulières, telles que la conservation, l'éducation et les loisirs. L'observation comportementale a été utilisée lors de leçons sur le terrain en tant qu'outil d'éducation aux loisirs.L’activité sur le terrain était très importante pour analyser l’influence des concepts de comportement animal sur les aspects pratiques de l’élevage d’animaux en captivité. La salle de classe a permis d'effectuer une analyse critique de ces concepts, en sensibilisant l'importance de ces études sur le plan théorique et pratique, ce qui a permis de mieux comprendre le bien-être des animaux.
CULTURE ET ENGRAISSEMENT DE TILAPIAS AVEC REUTILISATION DES DECHETS DANS LES POTAGES
Authors: Silva Rosieudo Leite da , Silva Francisco de Assis da , Isaza Carlos Alberto , Sampaio Ana Carolina Assis , Hernández-Galindo Nataly , Oliveira Magnolia Ouriques de
Published: June 2019

Actuellement, le marché de la pisciculture est vaste et présente un fort potentiel de croissance. Seulement entre 2005 et 2010, la production nationale de poisson en captivité a augmenté de 86,3% pour atteindre 479 000 tonnes. Selon l'Organisation des Nations Unies pour l'alimentation et l'agriculture, le Brésil est capable de produire de manière durable 20 millions de tonnes de poisson par an. La pisciculture représente actuellement 33,5% de la production de poisson du pays. Le Nord-Est est le deuxième plus gros producteur de poisson d'eau douce du pays, principalement en raison de la quantité apparente de barrages existants, en plus des programmes "poisson" développés avec le réduire les effets de la sécheresse. Le présent travail a pour objectif de présenter des informations sur des techniques alternatives telles que la réutilisation de l’eau dans la production de Tilapia du Nil, en tenant compte du problème de la pénurie d’eau dans la région Nord-est; montrant à leur tour les variables et les éléments analysés pour la recherche, ainsi que certaines caractéristiques de l'espèce: croissance rapide, habitudes alimentaires via les éléments de base de la chaîne alimentaire. Par ailleurs, les différents systèmes de production et leurs principales différences sont abordés car ils varient en fonction du degré d’interférence de l’éleveur dans l’environnement aquacole (densité de stockage, pratiques de gestion et utilisation des intrants, modifications de l’eau dans l’élevage, productivité) étant classés comme extensifs, semi-intensifs et intensif. Enfin, les pratiques et procédures utilisées dans l'expérience sont exposées, permettant une série de résultats, coûts et faisabilité pour la production commerciale de Tilapia du Nil dans le Nord-est du Brésil.
Hubungan Risiko Ergonomi dengan Keluhan Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) pada Pekerja Buruh di PT. Xylo Indah	Pratama Sumatera Selatan
Authors: Ramadhan Muhammad Audy , Malaka Tan , Fitri Agita Diora
Published: June 2019

Ergonomi merupakan ilmu yang mempelajari tentang interaksi antara manusia dengan lingkungan kerja dalam suatu sistem pekerjaan. Risiko ergonomi dapat dipengaruhi oleh postur kerja, durasi kerja, gerakan berulang, dan berat beban. Pekerja yang terpapar faktor risiko ergonomi dapat menimbulkan gangguan kesehatan seperti Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs). Pada bagian produksi di PT. Xylo Indah Pratama terdapat aktivitas dengan postur kerja tidak ergonomis yang dapat mengakibatkan peningkatan keluhan MSDs. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan risiko ergonomi dengan keluhan MSDs pada pekerja buruh di PT. Xylo Indah Pratama. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik dengan rancangan penelitian cross sectional. Populasi penelitian ini adalah pekerja pada bagian produksi. Sampel penelitian ini adalah 102 pekerja pabrik di PT. Xylo Indah Pratama yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Risiko Ergonomi dinilai dengan menggunakan Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) Worksheet dan keluhan Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) dinilai dengan menggunakan Nordic Body Map Questionnaire. Data dianalisis secara univariat dan bivariat dengan uji Chi-Square.REBA Worksheet dan Nordic Body Map Questionnaire menunjukkan hasil sejalan. Terdapat 2 workstation dengan tingkat risiko ergonomi sangat tinggi, 4 workstation dengan tingkat risiko ergonomi tinggi dan 3 workstation dengan tingkat risiko ergonomi sedang. Terdapat hubungan risiko ergonomi dengan keluhan Musculoskeletal Disorders pada leher, badan dan tungkai karena didapatkan nilai (p<0.005).
Analysing Road Accident Criticality using Data mining
Authors: Siddique V Shahsitha , Ramakrishnan Nithin
Published: June 2019

Road transport is one of the most vital forms of transportation system, connecting both long and short distances in our country. There are several attributes, which affect the intensity of a road accident like speed of the vehicle, road conditions, time of the accident etc. Analysing these attributes gives an idea about the factors lead to the severity of the accident. Data mining is a method to analyse huge amount of traffic data in an efficient manner, which gives the factors, affect the road accidents. Several machine learning algorithms can be used to find the relation between traffic attributes the lead to the severity of the accidents. In this work, we use three methods for predicting accident criticality. First, Naive Bayesian Classifier is used to get the accident severity based on Bayes rule. Then, Decision Tree classifier is used for same purpose for accident severity calculation. Finally K-Nearest Neighbour(KNN) classifier is employed for severity calculation. The accuracy of the algorithms are compared and it is found that KNN performs better than the other two algorithms employed. The major aim of the work is to find the accident severity. Also the work aims to reduce road accidents by giving awareness to public using the above method.
Design of Rowen's Model for Heavy Duty Gas Turbine (HDGT)
Authors: Ezhil Arasan S. , M Vijayan.
Published: June 2019

In this paper, the parameters of Rowen’s model for heavy duty gas turbines in dynamic studies are estimated by use of available operational and performance data. The transfer function model of heavy duty gas turbine is required for the analysis and development of optimal controllers. The speedtronic controller derived from Rowen’s model has three controller namely, speed, acceleration and temperature. The model with all these controllers is developed with MATLAB/Simulink to study their response and arrive at the simplified model. The speed controller may have isochronous or drooping governor characteristics. The choice of governor characteristics for the simplified model is made from the response of the system simulated for an unit step load disturbance. The equations are to be validated with the response of the system simulated using MATLAB/Simulink.
Attributes of Low Performing Students In E-Learning System Using Clustering Technique
Authors: Allen Ekubo Ebiemi
Published: June 2019

Data mining in education is considered to be one of the relevant and fast growing areas in data mining, with free access to datasets available online, researchers have continued to analyze and produce knowledge which has improved the educational sector. With many research geared towards predicting student results, this paper offers a different approach of gaining knowledge of student data by presenting the attributes of low-performing students. The idea is to group students with low grades and discover the core attributes of these category of students, thereby providing stakeholders with these attributes which should be looked out for in current and prospective students. The dataset used in this research was collected from an e-Learning system called Kalboard 360. The k-means clustering technique embedded in the WEKA tool was used to group these category of students into two clusters. The knowledge gained from the mining process shows that lower-level absentee students with parents that do not actively participate in their learning process are most likely to perform poorly in their studies.