bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Zinātniskais raksts dabaszinātņu nozarēs: kopīgais un atšķirīgais
Authors: Proveja Egita
Published: January 2021

Nowadays, the language of science is the subject of many linguistic studies. One of the research aspects in the language of science discourse is the various texts of science in written and oral communication. One of the most important types of written publications in the language of science is a scientific article. Publishers usually set certain formal and content requirements for scientific articles. There is a general belief that they are based on universal principles. Namely, in the publications of exact sciences, the prototype of a scientific article has a strictly defined structure or macrostructure, which is based on the traditional IMRaD structure of English language publications.
In this article, a qualitative method is used to analyse scientific articles in the field of natural sciences and to characterize their macrostructure, paying attention to the common and different features of the structure of texts in individual sectors. The research was carried out in the framework of the project “Latvian Language of Science in the Intralingual Aspect” funded by the Latvian Council of Science. The research material consists of 114 scientific articles in natural sciences written in Latvian, which are freely available online and published from 2008 to 2018.
The results of the analysis show that in natural sciences articles in Latvian, the authors mainly use the structure of IMRaD, supplementing it with other elements (for example, literature review, conclusions/conclusion). The linguistic evaluation reveals different variants of the wording used by the authors when naming the separate parts of the text macrostructure. The greatest differences in the text formation of the scientific article can be found in the scientific texts in computer science and informatics, where the authors use the classical IMRaD structure less often.
Rhetorical Questions as Orator’s Means of Addressing the National Spirit of Estonians, Latvians and Lithuanians in Presidential Speeches
Authors: Romāne-Kalniņa Līga
Published: January 2021

Retorika kā pārliecināšanas māksla kopš Aristoteļa laikiem, īpaši pēdējā gadsimta laikā, izpelnījusies kritiskās diskursa analīzes pētnieku uzmanību. Retoriskie jautājumi kā viens no politiskajā diskursā lietotajiem retorisko līdzekļu veidiem tiek škietami par zemu novērtēti, it sevišķi situācijās, kad runas mērķis nav skaidri redzama argumentācija, pārliecināšana vai manipulācija. Attiecīgi retorisko jautājumu slēptā doma enkurojas dziļāk diskursa uztveres procesā un tādējādi atmiņā tiek uzglabāta ilgāk. Pētījumā analizētas 175 Baltijas valstu prezidentu runas, kas sniegtas dažādos nacionāli svarīgos brīžos kopš Latvijas valsts neatkarības pasludināšanas vai neatkarības atjaunošanas Lietuvā un Igaunijā līdz valstu simtgadei 2018. gadā. Veiktais pētījums salīdzina retorisko jautājumu lietojumu prezidentu runās sinhronajā un diahronajā skatījumā un analizē to potenciālo ietekmi uz klausītāju, ņemot vērā jautājumu tematisko un diskursīvo saturu Baltijas valstu sociālā, vēsturiskā un politiskā kontekstā. Pētījuma rezultātā tiek secināts, ka retorisko jautājumu lietojums, izmantojot tādas nacionālās identitātes veidošanas stratēģijas kā kopējās politiskās vēstures konstrukcija, valsts kā nacionāla kopuma komunikācija un nāciju politiskās tagadnes un nākotnes konstrukcija, var uzrunāt cilvēku zemapziņas emocionālo līmeni un konkrēti atbildības un piederības sajūtu, tādējādi netieši veidojot klausītāju uztveri un ietekmējot to potenciālo rīcību attiecībā pret valsti. Turklāt vairākos gadījumos tiek secināts, ka retoriskie jautājumi lietoti kombinācijā ar citiem stratēģiski spēcīgiem valodas līdzekļiem, kā metafora, hiperbola un paralēlās teikumu struktūras, kas pastiprina vēlamo retorisko efektu uz klausītāju. Tāpat, salīdzinot retorisko jautājumu lietojumu sinhronajā aspektā tika secināts, ka Latvijas un Lietuvas prezidentu runās šie jautājumi tiek lietoti retāk nekā Igaunijas prezidentu runās. Attiecībā uz diahronajām izmaiņām retorisko jautājumu lietojumā, secināts, ka laika gaitā retorisko jautājumu skaits runās palielinās, tomēr šīs izmaiņas drīzāk ietekmē tādi savstarpēji neatkarīgi radītāji kā prezidenta politiskā piederība, runas mērķis, kontekstuālā situācija vai runas tips un mērķauditorija.
Lauksaimniecības, meža un veterinārās zinātnes tekstu raksturojums lingvistiskā aspektā
Authors: Šulce Dzintra , Tihomirova Dana
Published: January 2021

Problems related to scientific language are being resolved in different ways currently, also within the project “Intra-lingual Aspects of the Latvian Scientific Language”. A total of 384 scientific articles in the agricultural, forestry, and veterinary science industry have been collected. This material not only allows us to make some conclusions about the problems regarding scientific language use in these disciplines but also gives insight into the overall research of scientific texts. The article highlights some essential linguistic aspects of scientific texts, for example, the structure of industry texts, means of expression, use of the special vocabulary, the linguistic quality of the texts, largely dependent on the work of editors and reviewers, but most directly on the responsibility of the authors themselves. The quality of any published work is influenced by the language used. Various types of deviations from the scientific style requirements have been detected in the industry texts, like misspellings and punctuation mistakes, inaccuracies, and lack of consistency even within a single collection of articles. The special vocabulary has a significant share in the texts – terms and professionalisms, various names used in the industry, symbols, and abbreviations, many of which are in original writing (usually in Latin). Although this type of writing is governed by international tradition, its use should not be exaggerated as such writing sometimes interferes with the perception of the content. Special word groups are closely related to the language of the industry. AntConc was used to search them, selecting such possible lexical units as keywords specific to the agricultural, forestry, and veterinary sciences. A dictionary of terminology is essential in working with the industrial texts. Unfortunately, such comprehensive dictionaries are not available in subsectors related to agriculture. Specialists point out that, over the years, a number of scientific disciplines have encountered major problems with the terminology that require time and financial resources to address them successfully.
Informācijas izgūšanas nozīme un daži ar sintaksi saistīti apsvērumi juridisko tekstu tulkošanā
Authors: Veckrācis Jānis
Published: January 2021

The translation of legal documents – not a new field in translation practice or theoretical discourse – gained a new dimension for translators’ work in Latvia when, after restoring independence, the country was reintegrated into international processes and organizations. Consequently, the development of legal text translation competence has also become an important task in the study programs related to translation of LSP texts.
Against this background, the paper addresses some of the issues of understanding and interpreting legislation in the translation situation, with a particular focus on working with the functions and implications of sentence syntax. This part of the work provides the translator with the opportunity to find not only successful grammatical solutions in the target language sentences, but above all, a prerequisite for understanding the meaning of the source text. For the purposes of the study, the relevant aspects are briefly outlined in a theoretical context by focusing on the specific features of legal texts and the competence-related requirements for translators; it also includes an analysis of examples based on both published translations of legislation and the typical problems encountered in student translations.
The study leads to several conclusions. Accuracy (also with regard to interpretation), an element of the general concepts of equivalence/adequacy, stands out as a specific aspect and criterion of legal text translation quality; it is necessary to ensure that the meaning of terms is not broadened or narrowed and that the applicability or explicit/implicit attitude is not altered – translations of a number of units and elements tend to be almost literal. The practice of translating legal texts generally requires that target texts be rendered as consistently as possible, which to a large extent implies an almost literal relationship with the source text; any changes need explicit justification. A specific aspect of translators’ competence is the examination undertaken during the pre-translation phase to determine the applicability of the relevant legal provisions and select the most appropriate sources of information. An important prerequisite for a quality translation is understanding the essence of the source sentence.
Effects of the Reproduction Number in a Seiird Model Describing the Time Evolution of COVID-19 at Count Ry Level
Authors: Guias Flavius
Published: January 2021

We consider a compartmental model of SEIIRDtype which describes the time evolution of the COVID-19 epidemy at the level of a country. For the reproduction number R(t), the crucial parameter which influences the number of new cases, we consider an explicit form as a combination of trigonometric, exponential and gaussian functions. The coefficients of the individual parts can be adapted in order that the profile of R(t) matches different scenarios. Their common structure illustrates the real behaviour observed in most countries. Initially we can observe large values of R(t) which enforce the first wave of the epidemy, followed by a rapid reduction below 1 due to a first lockdown which can have different intensities. The second phase consists of a relaxation of the restrictions having as a consequence an increase of the reproduction number within a range over 1. The numerical simulations show that in this case, after a period of some months with a low level of daily cases, the occurrence of a second wave is unavoidable, being inherent to the nature of the model. The intensity of the second wave depends on how much and how long the reproduction number R(t) has been over the threshold value of 1, but also on the intensity of the first lockdown. All simulations show that the behaviour of the model is very sensitive with respect to the reproduction number. Small changes in its values may have a significant impact on the long-term evolution of the epidemy at the country-level.
ESTOMATITIS ASOCIADA A INHIBIDORES mTOR: PUESTA AL DÍA EN LA VALORACIÓN, PREVENCIÓN Y MANEJO.
Authors: Arevalo-Manso Juan Jose , Navarro-Ruiz Juan Ignacio , Arévalo-de Frutos Consuelo , Hernández-Sánchez Susana , Álvaro-Miguel María Jesús , Coto-Linde Raúl
Published: January 2021

La estomatitis asociada al tratamiento con inhibidores mTOR (EAIm) es un evento adverso que puede ser confundido con la mucositis asociada a la quimioterapia convencional. Ambos son procesos diferentes que requieren abordajes diferentes por parte del personal de enfermería. La correcta identificación y manejo de la EAIm favorecería una mejora en la calidad de vida del paciente, la resolución temprana de las lesiones y la continuidad del tratamiento.

En este artículo presentamos una puesta al día del conocimiento disponible sobre la valoración, prevención y manejo de esta complicación, basándonos en la evidencia disponible y en las recomendaciones facilitadas por las principales guías clínicas. Además, dado que no existe un cuerpo de conocimiento suficientemente desarrollado, analizamos las posibles implicaciones que puede tener para la investigación.
Sección Desde los medios
Authors: Palacios Romero Ana María
Published: January 2021

Desde los medios, revisión crítica artículos
Sección Seccion Noticias EUROPA
Authors: Beorlegui Murillo Patricia
Published: January 2021

Se hace un resumen de tres estudios interesantes publicados en el anterior trimestre en EUROPA
PENERAPAN LEARNING MANAGEMENT SYSTEM DAN BLENDED LEARNING SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF MODEL MERDEKA BELAJAR DI MASA ADAPTASI KEBIASAAN BARU PEMBELAJARAN AGAMA KRISTEN
Authors: Verawati Herlina
Published: January 2021

This paper describes the application of the Learning Management System and Blended Learning in the learning process of Christianity. The application of this learning system as an alternative to the Free Learning model during the adaptation period for New Normal in grade 4 Semester 1 students of SDN 8 Selat Hilir for the 2020/2021 academic year. The method used in this research is Classroom Action Research. The results showed that the application of the learning system used by Christian Religious Education teachers proved successful in improving student learning outcomes. This can be explained that in the pre-cycle the average score of student learning scores was 56.25 with 1 in 4 students completing. Furthermore, it increased in the first cycle, namely 68.75 with 2 students completing. Then in cycle II it increased again, namely 85.94 with 3 students who completed out of 4 students in class 4 Semester 1 in the 2020/2021 academic year at SDN 8 Selat Hilir. Likewise, the percentage of completeness increased from Pre-cycle 25%, increased in cycle I by 50%, and increased again to 70% in cycle II.
PENGEMBANGAN STRATEGI PEMBELAJARAN YANG EFEKTIF DI TENGAH PANDEMI COVID 19
Authors: Yulia Tantri
Published: January 2021

Covid 19 pandemic has caused changes in various fields, including education. There are some problems that arise in the selection of learning strategies during the Covid 19 pandemic. The research method used in this research is development research, namely research used to test product quality using quantitative methods as the primary method and examining users with qualitative methods as secondary methods. The result of the research is the level of the development of effective learning strategies during the COVID-19 pandemic at STT Kristus Alfa Omega Semarang in the moderate category or less of the maximum value is not proven
Studying Some of Immunological Parameters of doges that Toxocara Infections in Saladinprovince
Authors: Alaa Mohammed Awwad
Published: January 2021

The study examined 60 stray dogs from both sexes and aged 3 months - 3 years old, included 30 stray dogs

and 30 dogs clinically normal, served as a control group. Toxocara infection has detected in the College of

veterinary medicine Health Center in Tikrit city. Clinical signs were observed, the study groups divided to

two groups one of these groups infected by the parasites of the study and other group was control the result

appear immunological changes for protein levels in study groups, represented with significant differences

was reported between toxocariasis group and healthy control in terms of Complement 3 proteins (33.21

±14.18726, 35.57±15.56254), Complement 4 proteins (268.5±14.34, 146.06±17.83) although increased

complement 3 level in toxocariasis group compared with healthy control, While the Complement 4

reported no significant differences increased between toxocariasis group and healthy control group. The

immunoglobulins was reported highly significant differences in IgM (297.4±14.18726)in toxocariasis group

compared with healthy control group (159 ±15.56), While revealed no significant decrease levels of IgG of

toxocariasis group (760 ±14.34) compared with healthy control group (843±17.83). ToxocaraCanis induces

an early immunological response that detected by presence of these antibodies and immunological markers

against T.canis infection.
Red and White Lesions of the Oral Cavity: An Update
Authors: Tariq Soyab
Published: January 2021

In our oral cavity various pathological conditions have been reported which includes different type of lesionswhich require a proper diagnostic criteria, clinically correlation including radiographic & histological reportsfor its diagnosis. In this article we focus on the various types of red and white lesions of the oral cavity whichhave been classified based on its etiology, variation in structure, appearance, precancerous potentiality &etc. The lesion appears white due to changes in the epithelium which can be caused by an increase in thekeratinization of normal keratinized mucosa, keratinization of non keratinized mucosa or thickening of theepithelium. The reduced vascularity or fibrosis of mucosa can also lead to the whiteness of the oral mucosa.The red appearance of the lesion appears because of the inflammation,atrophy, vascular dilation, and purpuraor reduced in the keratinization of the oral epithelium. Generally the red and white lesions are benign and alarge proportion of the normal population has been affected by it. The most common precancerous conditionwhich comes under these lesions classification is Leukoplakia. A proper management of this condition isrequired to avoid its future complication. All conditions should be properly examined by taking a proper andcareful history. However a biopsy is much needed for these conditions to be diagnosed accurately
Complications of Local Anesthesia
Authors: Stutishree Tripathy
Published: January 2021

This chapter is presenting the local and systemic complications associated with the local anesthetics usedin oral and maxillofacial surgery. The prevention of complications and management method are alsogiven importance. Dental procedures are frequently performed under local anesthesia; thus, drug-relatedcomplications often come across. It is mandatory to have a preoperative evaluation of the patient andchoosing the proper local anesthetic agents.
Intracanal Medicaments in Paediatric Endodontics
Authors: Praspita Parlin Patro
Published: January 2021

The basic motive of Paediatric Endodontic Therapy is to remove microorganisms such as bacteria from theroot canal system in which the remaining bacteria cannot survive. Intracanal Medicaments is an imperativestep in killing the bacteria in root canals. Moreover, in Paediatric Endodontic, cleaning & shaping is importantthan intracanal medicaments. The objective of Intracanal Dressing is for a blockade coronal discharge fromthe space between filling materials and cavity walls. For intracanal medicaments, calcium hydroxide mixedwith slim paste is more convenient as it is stable, harmless to the body and bactericidal. If multiple visitsto endodontic are chosen, it is strongly recommended. Therefore, the purpose is to examine the need for anintracanal medicament.
TMJ Ankylosis: A Reveiw
Authors: Ethena Priyadarsani
Published: January 2021

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) ankylosis is a pathologic condition where the mandiblar fusion takes placeto the fossa by bony or fibrous tissues. It interferes with normal day to day activities such as mastication,speech, oral hygiene, etc. Trauma to the chin is the most common factor of TMJ ankylosis followed byinfections. This article highlights the eitiology, clinical features, various classifications radiographic features,histopathological features and surgical management of TMJ ankylosis
Stainless Steel Crown: A Review Article
Authors: Harsha Agrawal
Published: January 2021

The upkeep of the primary dentition is a non-pathological and sound condition which is important for thegeneral wellbeing of the kid. Stainless steel crown was presented in 1947 by the Rocky mountain companyand advanced by Humphrey in 1950. Pre-assembled stainless-steel crown can be adjusted to singular primaryteeth then being cemented to give a complete restoration. It provides full coverage restoration, cost-effective,generally modest, and is durable. It is used as a restorative material in both deciduous and permanent teethwhere intracoronal restoration comes up short.
Benefits of Early Orthodontics Intervention in Children: A Review
Authors: Debashreeta Nanda
Published: January 2021

When it comes to your children orthodontic treatment then a diamond seems less precious than time. Thereis an optimal time span to begin your child’s early intervention treatment. Mixed dentition is a periodof development following the eruption of permanent 1st molar and incisors. During this period, phase-1treatment is done earlier and often a mixed dentition treatment is meant to concentrate on modification ofskeletal system rather than dental system. At little smile’s our goal is to provide both timely detection ofproblems and greater opportunity for more effective treatment to benefit your child/children. The dentistmust understand the growth and development patterns before planning a treatment, as jaw growth is theprimary factor in orthodontic treatment. Though comprehensive treatment may be required at a later date,the need for early intervention cannot be denied.
Inhalational Inducing Agents
Authors: Manisha Mohapatra
Published: January 2021

Inhalational Inducing Agents include gas like Nitrous Oxide and volatile liquids like Ether, Halogenatedhalothane, Enflurane, Sevoflurane, Isoflurane, Desflurane and Methoxyflurane. They have exterminated painand anxiety control in Dentistry as well as in General Medicine for over a century. The following articleoutlines the detailed history, correspondence, distinction, and the clinical implementations of the few mostprevailing inhalational agents used in Dentistry.
Complication Management of Local Anesthesia: A Systemic Review
Authors: Alisha Pradhan
Published: January 2021

Local anesthetics are widely used in the dentistry world for various procedures. The local anesthesia isvery much effective and also safe but they have also risks which practitioners should be aware off and thisarticle reviews the different complication regarding the use of local anesthesia. Different complicationsoccur which include systematic and regional complications that can occur with the use of local anesthesia.The various complications include ocular complications, methemoglobinemia, toxicity, and paraesthesia,etc. Knowing the risk factors involved with local anesthesia relatively decreases the adverse outcome andhelps the patient by improving health care.
Effect of Modern (Junk) Food in Dental Caries
Authors: Manisha Nayak
Published: January 2021

In this modern age, 21st-century people are attracted more towards the outside oily and calories rich junkfood than homemade healthy food. Especially this group includes children and youth. Either due to the tasteof tongue or due to circumstances like hostel life, they are attracted to these unhealthy fast or junk food.These junk foods are bad for physical health and especially for oral health. Under this topic, we shall discussthe influence of junk food in dental caries which is increasing day by day especially in children and youngpeople due to their modern lifestyle.
Klimaschutz mit Schwungrad
Authors: Werner Marcel
Published: January 2021

Ein Schwungmassenspeicher kann mehr als nur unterbrechungsfreie Stromversorgung: Ein Münchener Start-up hat die Technologie zu einem intelligenten Hochleistungsspeicher weiterentwickelt. Indem Bremsenergie wiederverwendet wird, kann der Stromverbrauch und somit der CO2-Ausstoß gesenkt werden wie auch zusätzlich Kosten durch intelligentes Spitzenlast-Management.
Abbaubare Zigarettenfilter
Authors: Maksimow Alexander
Published: January 2021

Marktübliche Zigarettenfilter bilden einen Teil des Plastikmülls im Meer. Sie bestehen aus dem thermoplastischen Kunststoff Zelluloseacetat und lösen sich in der Natur nur langsam auf. Biologisch abbaubares Filtermaterial aus Zellulose hingegen könnte eine Lösung sein, wird es auf breiter Front eingeführt.
Schwimmen mit gutem Gewissen
Authors: Gollwitzer Esther , Peper Søren , Grove-Smith Jessica
Published: January 2021

Das Darmstädter Passivhaus Institut (PHI) hat 2018 einen Leitfaden für die Planung energieeffizienter Passivhaus-Hallenbäder herausgegeben. An Zweien wurden diese Standards umgesetzt. Sie führen zu deutlichen Energieeinsparungen – ohne den Badekomfort zu beeinträchtigen.
Studierende für Nachhaltigkeit
Authors: Faber Oliver
Published: January 2021

Die Organisation Enactus fördert weltweit innovative Projekte und Geschäftsmodelle von Studierenden – mit einer Vorgabe: Diese müssen messbar dazu beitragen, eines der 17 Nachhaltigkeitsziele der Vereinten Nationen zu erreichen.
3D-Baugrundmodelle für Offshore-Windkraft
Authors: Zachert Hauke
Published: January 2021

Der Anteil der Offshore-Windkraft am globalen Strommix ist einer der kleinsten unter den erneuerbaren Energien. Gerade einmal 0,3 Prozent der Stromproduktion steuerten Windräder auf See 2019 bei. Aber das Potenzial ist gewaltig: Offshore-Windkraft ist die leistungsstärkste der drei grünen Hauptenergieträger Sonne, Wind an Land und Wind auf See.
Gebläse im Vergleich
Authors: Gaar Michael
Published: January 2021

Eine nordrhein-westfälische Firma bietet moderne Gebläse für biologische Klärbecken an. Diese senken den Energiebedarf in der Abwasseraufbereitung zum Teil deutlich. Ob ein Drehkolben-, Schrauben- oder ein Turbogebläse die jeweils sinnvollste Variante ist, sollte durch eine Simulation entschieden werden.
Mit Urzeit-Mikroben Biomethan herstellen
Authors: Hausemer Rebekka
Published: January 2021

Mittels eines hocheffizienten Biokatalysators kann CO2 mit erneuerbarem Strom in Biomethan umgewandelt werden. Erste Anlagen einer Münchener Firma in Dänemark und der Schweiz haben bereits grünes Methan ins Gasnetz eingespeist. Und: Diese Technologie funktioniert auch bei schwankendem Stromangebot gut.
Fernwärme für Käse
Authors: Gammel Michael
Published: January 2021

Eine bayerische Käserei nutzt jetzt überschüssigen Wasserdampf einer Papierfabrik, um den eigenen Wärmebedarf zu decken. Dieser Ferndampf senkt die CO2-Emissionen der Käserei um 30 Prozent. Dabei wurden Druckverluste entlang der 710 Meter langen Dampfleitung geschickt gesenkt.
Dezentral Flugzeuge detektieren
Authors: Herrholz Thomas
Published: January 2021

Viele Windparks nutzen Radaranlagen für die bedarfsgerechte Nachtkennzeichnung (BNK). Mit preiswerteren Transpondern lässt sich auch jede Windkraftanlage dezentral ausrüsten. Diese Variante bevorzugt eine mecklenburgische Firma.
Different effects of spatial separation in action and perception
Authors: Schäfer Sarah , Frings Christian
Published: January 2021

Spatial distance of response keys has been shown to have an effect on nonspatial tasks in that performance improved if the spatial distance increased. Comparably, spatial distance of stimulus features has been shown to have a performance-improving effect in a (partly) spatial task. Here, we combined these two findings in the same task to test for the commonality of the effect of stimulus distance and the effect of response distance. Thus, we varied spatial distance in exactly the same fashion either between stimuli or between responses in a standard Eriksen flanker task. The results show that spatial distance only affected the processing of stimulus features, while it had no effect on the processing of response features. Regarding the idea of common coding of action and perception (Prinz, 1990), stimulus and response processing should be influenced by spatial distance in the same way so that our data might suggest a boundary for the idea of common coding.
Pelaksanaan Kegiatan Rencana Operasi Kapal Patroli di Pangkalan Penjagaan Laut dan Pantai (PPLP) Kelas II Tanjung Perak Surabaya
Authors: Purwantini S  , Wahyuni
Published: January 2021

Pangkalan Penjagaan Laut dan Pantai adalah Unit Pelaksana Teknis yang berada di bawah dan bertanggung jawab kepada Direktur Jenderal Perhubungan Laut. Mempunyai tugas melaksanakan kegiatan penjagaan, penyelamatan, pengamanan dan penertiban serta penegakan peraturan perundang-undangan di bidang pelayaran. Menindaklanjuti Keputusan Direktur Jenderal Perhubungan Laut No. KL.006/1/8/DJPL-13 perihal Pedoman Penyusunan Rencana Operasi Kapal Patroli Pangkalan Penjagaan Laut dan Pantai mengharuskan menyusun rencana operasi secara rutin setiap tahun dalam rangka pelaksanaan tugas pokok dan fungsi Pangkalan Penjagaan Laut dan Pantai . Rencana operasi ini merupakan evaluasi dan pengembangan dari rencana operasi tahun sebelumnya. Dalam penelitian ini, penulis melaksanakan pengamatan secara langsung terhadap kegiatan rencana operasi kapal patroli dan terdapat permasalahan yaitu kurangnya Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM) dan kompetensinya dan kondisi kapal yang minim. Tujuan Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pelaksanaan kegiatan rencana operasi kapal patroli di Pangkalan Penjagaan Laut dan Pantai (PPLP) kelas II Tanjung Perak Surabaya, faktor yang menjadi kendala dalam pelaksanaan tugas patrol dan upaya untuk mengatasi kendala tersebut.  Metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif digunakan dengan  teknik pengumpulan data melalui  observasi dan wawancara dan untuk menganalisis data menggunakan teknik deskripsi analitis.   Teknik keabsahan data menggunakan  triangulasi metode, dengan melakukan pengecekan hasil penelitian  dengan teknik  pengumpulan data yang berbeda yaitu observasi, wawancara  dan dokumentasi.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa  hambatan dalam pelaksanaan patroli operasi  kapal antara lain kurangnya sumber daya manusia dan kompetensinya dan kondisi kapal yang minim, Upaya dalam mengatasi kendala tersebut  dilakukan dengan membuka pelatihan diklat keterampilan dan updating Sertifikat dan pembaharuan kapal patroli dan perawatan fasilitas kapal.
Upaya Keterlambatan Noon Report Kapal MT. Cipta Anyer pada PT. Cipta Samudera Shipping Line
Authors: Rohmah Nur , F. Andromeda Vega , Hayatussakinatuddarain
Published: January 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui penyebab terjadinya keterlambatan noon report kapal MT. Cipta Anyer pada PT. Cipta Samudera Shipping Line Surabaya, untuk mengidentifikasi dampak yang di timbulkan akibat keterlambatan noon report kapal MT. Cipta Anyer dan untuk mengetahui upaya yang dapat dilakukan guna mengatasi keterlambatan noon report kepada PT. Cipta Samudera Shipping Line Surabaya. Peneliti menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif untuk menjabarkan pembahasan mengenai keterlambatan pengiriman noon report MT. Cipta Anyer pada PT. Cipta Samudera Shipping Line.Metode kualitatif adalah suatu penelitian yang ditujukan untuk mendeskripsikan dan menganalisa fenomena, peristiwa, aktivitas sosial, sikap, kepercayaan, presepsi, pemikiran orang secara individual maupun kelompok. Sumber data penelitian adalah data primer dan data sekunder. Hasil dari penilitian ini adalah penyebab keterlambatan noon report kapal MT. Cipta Anyer pada PT. Cipta Samudera Shipping Line ialah tidak adanya SOP yang mengatur secara detail tentang noon report, pengiriman noon report melebihi batas waktu yang telah ditentukan, dan koneksi internet yang tidak stabil. Dampak yang ditimbulkan akibat keterlambatan noon report kapal lain adalah menghambat kinerja staff finance, kinerja perusahaan menjadi tidak optimal,dan menyebabkan kerja extra terhadap perwira yang bertanggung jawab dalam pengiriman noon report. Upaya yang harus dilakukan guna mengatasi keterlambatan noon report kapal adalah memberikan trainning mengenai pengiriman noon report untuk menghindari keterlambatan, melakukan evaluasi antara staff perusahaan dengan anak buah kapal terkait keterlambatan noon report, dan menyediakan koneksi internet yang memadai.
Pengembangan Wirausaha dalam Meningkatkan Sumber Daya Isteri Nelayan Masyarakat Pesisir Kabupaten Batang
Authors: Kusumaningrum Devy , Karjono
Published: January 2021

Desa Senturi, Karangasem Utara, Kabupaten Batang, merupakan masyarakat nelayan karena kehidupan sehari-harinya sering melaut dan bekerja sebagai nelayan, namun yang menjadi kendala saat ini yaitu masih kurangnya sumber daya manusia terutama SDM isteri Nelayan karena hanya menunggu dari hasil tangkap suami. Dalam kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan metode kualitatif, untuk memahami fenomena tentang apa yang dialami dan subjek penelitian adalah terkait dengan perilaku, persepsi, motivasi, dan tindakan lain-lain untuk memahami fenomena kebiasaan aktifitas istri nelayan. Informan ditentukan dengan melibatkan kelompok nelayan yang terdiri dari 64 isteri nelayan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara mendalam, dokumentasi. Pengujian keabsahan data menggunakan teknik triangulasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peran isteri dalam ruang lingkup rumah tangga disamping mengurus rumah tangga adalah sebagai penjual ikan, menentukan harga ikan,  dan melaksanakan pelatihan wirausaha mandiri hingga mengikuti pendampingan bisa memasarkan produk. Namun disisi lain, masih kurangnya pemahaman masyarakat terutama terhadap teknologi digitial pemasaran  produk merupakan hal yang perlu diperhatikan leih lanjut.
Amil Zakat Governance Risk Mitigation
Authors: Hartono Nono , Kholiq Achmad
Published: January 2021

Risk in zakat management is a potential event, both predictable and unpredictable, which negatively impacts the level of trust, sharia considerations, and sustainability in the management process. The purpose of this study is to investigate and formulate mitigation efforts of amil zakat governance. The research method uses an Enterprise Risk Management with the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations approach of the Treadway Commission (COSO) modification (ERM-COSO modified) with four indicators discussed that describe the level (likelihood), influence (impact), change (vulnerability) and speed (onset speed). The results of the study indicate that the identified risk of amil governance is as much as nine of the twenty seven risks that should arise with the risk level of amil governance being in an intermediate position. This is different from several previous studies. The level of risk in zakat management is largely determined by the quality of amil. The results of the heatmap analysis resulted in a small dot heatmap size which means a low level of vulnerability to risk (vulnerability), while the dot color consists of six purple, two blue and one red which means the speed of the occurrence of high risk. The impact of this risk identification requires amil recruitment patterns and the provision of good zakat management training. The recommended risk response is to reduce the risk that will occur by (1) implementing reward and punishment for amil to be more professional in carrying out their duties, (2) involving third parties (universities) in monitoring and supervising the distribution of zakat funds.
The Relationship among Zakat Maal, Altruism and Work Life Quality
Authors: Adhiatma Ardian , Fachrunnisa Olivia
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of zakat maal expenditure behavior on work altruism and quality. The study was conducted at a higher education institution that practices a strong culture in religious activities. A total of 223 respondents were involved in this study. Data were obtained using a questionnaire and analyzed using the PLSPM of SmartPLS 3.2.8. The results of this study showed that compliant employees’ payment of zakat maal could increase work altruism and quality of work-life, thereby increasing their performance. The behavior of zakat maal payment in this study is evidenced by the existence of a workplace, that supports the implementation of the obligations of a Muslim, so as to increase their awareness in paying zakat when reaching the nishab. Encouragement from the organization about this matter ultimately increases work altruism which can help improve work productivity and make employees feel they have a better and more balanced work life.
Religiosity, Literacy, Income and Accessibility to Awareness in Professional Zakah Payment
Authors: Fitri Lailatul , Falikhatun Falikhatun
Published: January 2021

The aim of this research is to determine the influence of religiosity, level of literacy, income, and accessibility to the consciousness of paying profession zakâh. This research uses quantitative methods and applies multiple regression analysis. We use purposive random sampling with 124 samples which represent Moslems from 14 districts in Indonesia. Based on multiple regression analysis, it can be seen that religiosity, literacy, income, and accessibility have significant effects to the consciousness of paying profession zakâh. Therefore, this study encourages zakah institutions to improve its accessibility including location and payment to increase the consciousness of paying zakâh on profession.
Gender and the Commons
Authors: Murali Ranjini , Bijoor Ajay , Mishra Charudutt
Published: January 2021

Studies on common pool resource governance have largely focused on men, who tend to have disproportionate rights and ownership with regards property and resources. This has resulted in the access and control rights of women being generally overlooked. Gender disaggregated analyses have revealed the important role of women in the governance of the commons. While certain commons may be relatively more important for women, there are variations in their level of resource access and management role, influenced by social structures and divisions. We examined the role of gender and how such intersectionality could shape the governance of the commons in the Spiti Valley in the Indian Trans-Himalaya. We found that gender, class, and caste intersected in the governance of irrigation water. Our study highlights the role of women in the governance of the commons and points to the nuanced and variable roles found within this gender group.
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PRINCIPLE OF YELLOW PAGES RULE IN KAZAKHSTAN
Authors: Yerkin Albina , Martinkiene Jurgita
Published: January 2021

This article observes processes of implementation and measures taken to realization the principle of Yellow Pages Rule , the application of which
will give a motion to the development of the business community in the country. The competitiveness of a country can be defined as the ability of the
state in conditions of free fair competition to produce and sell goods and services that meet the requirements of the world market and increase the
welfare of the country's population. The functions of the state in a market economy should, to one degree or another, be expressed in the following
directions: social security, regulation of the rules of market processes and active participation in business as an investor. As the practice of developed
countries shows, for really effective economic development, attention should be paid to a greater extent to solving the first two issues, which in turn is
considered in the main 2 parts of this article. Authorities should encourage businesses to improve efficiency, stimulate early demand for advanced
products, focus on creating specialized factors and stimulate local competition by limiting direct cooperation and enforcing antimonopoly laws. The
development of competitive relations is a background for the effective impact of market mechanisms on ensuring sustainable economic growth in the
country. Established state-owned enterprises in many respects have a privileged, monopoly position, and this seriously hinders the socio-economic
development of the country. The analysis of the competitiveness of the economy, the strongest and weakest aspects of the development of the
economy of Kazakhstan on a global scale over the past two years (2018-2019) is determined using the Global Competitiveness Index, which is also
reflected in the form of a table in the article. Currently, there are tasks that require a solution, such as a weak legislative framework that regulates the
responsibility of public managers and the effectiveness of financial resources management of development institutions and national companies. State
legislation sets only general guidelines for the development of competition. State intervention in the sphere of economic activity of economic entities
should be conditioned only by significant circumstances and the solution of the problems arising in this connection. However, the less direct
participation of the state in competitive sectors of the economy, where there are no systemic obstacles to the operation of private business, the better
for the country.
SYRIAN REFUGEE MANAGEMENT: THE ROLE OF ISTANBUL METROPOLITAN MUNICIPALITY
Authors: Uygur Gokce
Published: January 2021

Istanbul is one of the preferred cities for Syrian refugees as a point of living and transition to Europe. Syrian refugees are sheltering in remote and
rash areas in Istanbul. Even the most essential needs like nutrition and housing are not being met. In this case, the importance of local governments is
increasing. This study aimed to find out the role of Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality how to adapt refugees to the city and how to carry out services
for them. This study is designed to improve the general findings and recommendations of the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality on refugee
management. It aims to shed some light on how Istanbul metropolitan municipality react to these new components and their problems. Beside that,
this article cannot provide a comprehensive report on the numerous activities and government agencies operating in Istanbul. The report highlights
some management mechanisms in Istanbul metropolitan municipalities that look for to meet refugee needs; what remain their point of view for Syrian
refugees, what information is available to them, what offer their solution for the crisis. This information is critical to acknowledge the role of Istanbul
Metropolitan Municipality in refugee management.
MILLENNIALS’ INTENTION TO WEAR FACE MASKS IN PUBLIC DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Victor Vijay , Nambiar Anandakrishnan , Nathan Robert
Published: January 2021

Many studies in the wake of the COVID 19 pandemic have shown that millennials are reluctant to wear face masks while they are out in public. This
poses serious threats to the community, especially to the vulnerable population with comorbidities. Addressing this issue, this study examines the
effectiveness of a self-interest statement, collective interest statement, and legal enforcement statement in motivating millennials to wear a mask in
public. This study collected data through online survey from Millennials in India and uses a t-test with Welch Approximation to compare the results
of the three statements with a control text. The results show collective interest statement was more effective in motivating millennials to wear masks.
Reflecting on this finding, the study proposes that authorities and media could frame their advertisements, campaigns and awareness programmes by
emphasizing the health of family and friends to motivate millennials to wear face masks in public
TRENDS IN THE MIGRATION OF THE HEALTH LABOR FORCE IN THE SLOVAK REPUBLIC ABROAD
Authors: Hyžová Simona
Published: January 2021

The current situation in the countries is monitored by various experts from various fields. Various factors are monitored in the countries, including
demographic developments. The change in the structure of the population, which is reflected in the aging of the population, is an irreversible process
in the European Union. It is important that Slovakia, as a member of the European Union, prepares the labor market for an aging population. The
aging of the population is associated in the future with the additional need for labor in many areas, but especially in health care. Among the
demographic factor, which has recently resonated more and more in the professional public, is the issue of labor migration. Labor migration is one of
the issues that has recently received increasing attention from the professional public, mainly due to the current demographic situation in most
countries of the world. Migration is generally perceived as a natural and in many respects positive phenomenon, but it is important to investigate and
monitor it in order to maintain its positive impact on society and eliminate possible adverse effects. Globalization, greater economic integration of
countries, the development of technology and transport infrastructure, or the removal of political barriers, but also other factors such as changes in
demographic trends undoubtedly contribute to the expansion of migration in recent periods. Although it can be of potential benefit to migrants
themselves and to both countries concerned, it is also necessary to examine its negative effects and look for ways to eliminate them. Migratory flows
of the labor force, especially for work abroad, its intensity and extent are not negligible indicators that affect the labor force in the health sector.
Therefore, the aim of the present study is to analyze trends in labor migration as a whole in the Slovak Republic, identify the share of medical staff
emigrating from the Slovak Republic abroad and identify whether the migration of health workers will affect the decline in health care in the Slovak
Republic
CURRENT SITUATION AND TRENDS FOR FOOD SECURITY IN ANGOLA
Authors: Manuel Tiago
Published: January 2021

For many people the access to food ensuring enough calories, dietary diversity, continuity and good quality is still an everyday challenge. After three
decades of civil war, Angola is one of the fastest growing economies of Sub-Saharan Africa, which is world leader in undernourishment and child
mortality. The aim of the survey was to summarize recent findings of various international organizations monitoring food security mainly in
developing countries. The author shows definitions regarding food security, gives details of the methodology highlighting the complexity of factors
required to measure hunger. The overall trend over the last decade shows improvement, which is promising. However, malnutrition rates in the
population remain high, in spite of the ongoing boost of various sectors of the economy. Huge regional inequalities point out the importance of rural
development promotion programs, and the need of immediate action to reduce social disparities. The results demonstrate the need of focused
approach in order to promote the improvement of the current situation. Resolving food-related problems should be a priority.
Ser o no ser sexólogo: de la segregación a la reivindicación
Authors: Ochoa Édixon , Prieto María Fernanda , Cruz Érika
Published: January 2021

La formación de profesionales de la Sexología en Venezuela se efectúa a través de los programas de postgrado de Orientación en Sexología y Sexología Médica, distinguiéndose entonces dos clases de sexólogos en nuestro medio: el Orientador en Sexología y el Médico Sexólogo. No obstante, se percibe que los primeros han experimentado una especie de infravaloración, segregación y relegación a un segundo plano por parte de los primeros, quienes han venido adjudicándose una presunta exclusividad en la denominación de Sexólogos y negando esta condición a los Orientadores en Sexología, allende ser estos psicólogos, orientadores o, incluso, médicos. Por ello, la presente investigación aborda, histórica y analíticamente, la evolución de los estudios sexológicos de postgrado a escala nacional, como punto de partida para la reivindicación del Sexólogo como profesional de la ciencia de la sexualidad, el sexo y la función sexual, más allá de su profesión de origen y el postgrado sexológico del cual fuere egresado.
Intercambio binacional en estudios de 4to nivel: caso Colombia y Venezuela
Authors: Ortiz Carrillo José Walter
Published: January 2021

La educación superior ha experimentado procesos de internacionalización que derivan de fenómenos como la globalización, los programas gubernamentales y el impacto de políticas neoliberales que pretenden hacer de los estudios de 4to nivel un mercado donde la competitividad establece los estándares de calidad en los programas de maestría y doctorado. En el presente artículo se esboza una mirada a los procesos de intercambio que se vienen dando entre Colombia y Venezuela, para establecer si los programas de postgrado responden a estándares internacionales, acordes a las necesidades de los profesionales. Se utilizó una metodología naturalista cualitativa, llevándose a cabo cinco entrevistas estructuradas a estudiantes colombianos que han realizado estudios de maestría o doctorado en universidades de Venezuela. Se plantearon cuatro aspectos claves, tales como: la calidad en los procesos de enseñanza, la utilización de las TIC, la pertinencia de los contenidos curriculares y los procesos de acreditación. Se aprecia una valoración positiva en torno a aspectos como la calidad en los procesos de enseñanza y la pertinencia de los contenidos; mientras que la utilización de las TIC y el cumplimiento del tiempo para la escolaridad y certificación, se perfilan como los puntos débiles en la oferta educativa de las Universidades Venezolanas.