bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In vitro, antioxidant activities of aqueous and methanol roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) calyces extracts from two localities in Cameroon
Authors: Maffo Tazoho Ghislain , Agbor Esther Etengeneng , Gouado Inocent
Published: February 2021

Background: Fighting against malnutrition and diseases such as oxidative stress diseases via a food-based approach could be achieved through identification, valorization, and promotion of local foods rich in macro- and micronutrients and phytochemical components. Aim: This study aimed to investigate the effect of agro-ecological conditions on the antioxidant capacity of the Hibiscus sabdariffa aqueous and methanol calyces extracts. Material and methods: The total phenolic content, the free radical DPPH• (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) activities were evaluated in aqueous and methanol Hibiscus sabdariffa calyces extract samples from two localities (Dschang [western highland zone] and Ngaoundéré [high Guinean savanna zone]) in Cameroon. Results: The results obtained showed that these extracts contain an important amount of total phenolic compounds with no significant difference (P>0.05) between aqueous and methanol extracts and also between the origins of calyces. The extracts showed their ability to reduce Fe3+ to Fe2+ as well as their ability to reduce the free radical, DPPH•. Concerning the FRAP results, at the concentration of 12.5µg/mL, the absorbance of AEN (Aqueous Extract from Ngaoundéré locality) recorded the value (0.33±0.05) meanwhile at a far higher concentration of 200 µg/mL, the absorbance of MEN (Methanol Extract from Ngaoundéré locality) was the highest (1.39±0.06). The CI50 of methanol extracts was significantly low (P<0.05) compared to that of aqueous extracts. The value ranges were 11.31±0.15, 14.69±0.84, 18.07±0.63, 20.50±0.54, and 21.50±0.54 µg/mL for ascorbic acid, MEN (Methanol Extract from Ngaoundéré locality), MED (Methanol Extract from Dschang locality), AEN (Aqueous Extract from Ngaoundéré locality), and AED (Aqueous Extract from Dschang locality) respectively. Conclusion: These findings show that the antioxidant activity of methanol extract is higher than that of aqueous extract. Hibiscus calyces from the two localities could be used as a natural antioxidant in the treatment of oxidative stress diseases.

Keywords: Roselle calyces, aqueous and methanol extracts, antioxidant capacity.
SISTEM INFORMASI PEMASARAN TENAGA KERJA INDONESIA BERBASIS WEB PADA PT. LAATANSA LINTAS INTERNASIONAL
Authors: Dewi Wiwiek Nurkomala , Sevtiana Agus , Saefullah Isep
Published: February 2021

Pencanangan program Masyarakat Ekonomi Asia (MEA) menjadikan semakin lebar pintu gerbang

untuk Tenaga Kerja Indonesia bekerja di luar negeri. PT. Laatansa Lintas Internasional sebagai salah satu

perusahaan penyalur jasa Tenaga Kerja Indonesia harus memanfaatkan kemajuan teknologi ini dengan

menerapkan penggunaan aplikasi yang mampu meningkatkan pelayanan yang ada pada perusahaan. Salah

satu cara yang digunakan untuk meraih hal tersebut adalah dengan membuat sebuah “Sistem Informasi

Pemasaran Tenaga Kerja Indonesia”. Analisa proses bisnis yang terjadi digambarkan dengan menggunakan

flow map. Perancangan sistem dibuat menggunakan tools DFD berdasarkan data yang telah diperoleh.

Aplikasi ini dibuat menggunakan Bahasa pemrograman PHP dengan memakai basis data MySQL. Sistem

Informasi Pemasaran Tenaga Kerja Indonesia mampu mempermudah proses pendataan dan pengarsipan

tenaga Kerja Indonesia. Dengan adanya aplikasi ini bagian marketing dapat bekerja lebih efektip dan efisien

dalam memasarkan Tenaga Kerja Indonesia ke luar negeri. Pencarian data pada bagian legalisasi dokumen

menjadi lebih mudah dan cepat. Data Tenaga Kerja Indonesia yang sudah dimasukan dapat menjadi database

Tenaga Kerja Indonesia untuk wilayah cakupan PT. Laatansa Lintas Internasional yaitu wilayah

CIAYUMAJAKUNING ( Cirebon, Indramayu, Majalengka dan Kuningan ) serta Lampung.

Kata kunci : Tenaga kerja Indonesia, Sistem Informasi, Pemasaran, berbasis web, PT LLI
PERANCANGAN SISTEM INVENTORY UNTUK PENGELOLAAN DATA PERSEDIAAN BAHAN BAKU
Authors: Hidayatun Nunung , Marlina Siti , Adinata Elvan
Published: February 2021

Persediaan merupakan bagian terpenting dalam perusahaan, seiring semakin meningkatnya

kebutuhan perusahaan terhadap pengelolaan barang atau item yang menjadi penunjang persediaan proses

produksi. Permasalahan yang selama ini dihadapi oleh PT Unipack Indosystem diantaranya pencarian

item bahan baku dalam tumpukan kartu stok sehingga memakan waktu lama dan pencatatan laporan yang

masih manual sehingga sering terjadinya kesalahan dalam pembuatannya. Oleh karena itu perlu

dilakukannya perbaikan dengan memanfaatkan teknologi komputer guna memenuhi kebutuhan gudang

dalam melakukan aktifitas persediaan bahan baku. Aplikasi inventory ini dirancang menggunakan metode

pengembangan sistem model waterfall dan metode pengumpulan data dengan observasi, wawancara, dan

studi pustaka . Hasil yang dicapai berupa sistem informasi persediaan stok bahan baku yang lebih efektif

dan efisien.

Kata kunci: Aplikasi, Inventory, Pengembangan Sistem
SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN PEMILIHAN KEGIATAN EKSTRAKURIKULER UNTUK SISWA SMA MENGGUNAKAN METODE SIMPLE MULTI ATTRIBUTE RATING TECHNIQUE (STUDI KASUS : SMA SANTA MARIA CIREBON)
Authors: Andika Septian Galuh , Kusnadi Kusnadi , Sokibi Petrus
Published: February 2021

Kegiatan ekstrakurikuler merupakan suatu bagian internal dari proses belajar yang menekankan

pada kebutuhan siswa di luar kegiatan belajar mengajar di SMA Santa Maria Cirebon. Banyaknya kegiatan

ekstrakurikuler yang ada membuat siswa sulit untuk menentukan kegiatan ekstrakurikuler yang akan

diikuti, sehingga tidak jarang siswa tersebut salah memilih ekstrakurikuler dan tidak sesuai dengan potensi

yang mereka miliki. Salah satu solusi untuk membantu para siswa dalam memilih kegiatan ekstrakurikuler

adalah dengan menggunakan sistem pendukung keputusan pemilihan kegiatan ekstrakurikuler. Metode

Simple Multi Atribute Rating Technique (SMART) merupakan metode yang dalam penerapannya

mempertimbangkan beberapa kriteria dan alternatif yang mampu membantu pengguna dalam menentukan

pilihannya dengan lebih tepat sehingga dapat digunakan dalam sistem penunjang keputusan.Dengan adanya

sistem pendukung keputusan pemilihan kegiatan ekstrakurikuler ini diharapkan dapat membantu sekolah

dalam mengolah data dan mendapatkan data dengan efisien karna sistem ini menyimpan data secara

terpusat serta terorganisir.

Kata Kunci : Ekstrakurikuler, SMART, Sistem Pendukung Keputusan
SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN PEMBERIAN BONUS KARYAWAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE FUZZY LOGIC (STUDI KASUS: PT. JAYA RAYA)
Authors: Subagio Ridho Taufiq , Sokibi Petrus , Hartoyo Rommy Rifaldi
Published: February 2021

Pemberian bonus pada karyawan merupakan suatu bentuk apresiasi perusahaan kepada karyawan

yang ada pada PT Jaya Raya. PT Jaya Raya merupakan perusahaan terasi yang terdapat di Cirebon. Hal ini

bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kinerja karyawan dan menjadi motivasi untuk karyawan. Pemberian bonus

karyawan yang selama ini berjalan tidak memiliki besaran bonus yang pasti untuk setiap karyawan

sehingga perusahaan kesulitan dalam menentukan besaran anggaran bulanan. Untuk itu diperlukan sebuah

sistem yang dapat menentukan besaran bonus karyawan. Sistem pendukung keputusan penentuan besaran

bonus merupakan sebuah sistem yang dapat membantu bagian Keuangan dalam menentukan besaran bonus

serta mempermudah dalam pembuatan laporan bulanan. Sistem ini menggunakan metode Fuzzy logic

model tahani yang merupakan metode query data yang mengubah data tidak pasti menjadi pasti, sistem ini

terdapat empat indikator yang digunakan yaitu absensi, sikap kerja, masa kerja, dan jumlah produksi. Data

data pada indikator akan diolah untuk mendapat besaran bonus setiap karyawan. Untuk membangun sistem

aplikasi sistem pendukung keputusan ini, dalam perancangan menggunakan Ms Visio, bahasa pemograman

PHP dengan menggunakan Notepad++ sebagai text editor serta menggunakan basis data MySQL dengan

perangkat lunak Xampp.Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah Aplikasi Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Penentuan

Besaran Bonus Karyawan dengan menggunakan metode Fuzzy Logic model Tahani yang dapat

mempermudah bagian keuangan dalam menentukan besaran bonus.

Kata Kunci : Sistem Pendukung Keputusan, Fuzzy Logic, Bonus, Karyawan
APLIKASI SISTEM PERHITUNGAN HARGA POKOK PRODUKSI ATAS PEMAKAIAN BAHAN BAKU MENGGUNAKAN METODE MOVING AVERAGE (STUDI KASUS : KEDAI PUTU)
Authors: Firlisia Viona , Asfi Marsani , Amroni Amroni
Published: February 2021

Kedai Putu merupakan salah satu dari sekian banyak tempat kuliner yang tetap menjaga cita

rasa dan kualitas pada makanan dan minuman yang dijual. Perkembangan bisnis kuliner yang sangat marak

di kalangan semua lapisan masyarakat dapat dijadikan acuan untuk meningkatkan kualitas dari produk yang

dijual. Bahan baku dalam pembuatan proses makanan dan minuman yang dijual harus mengutamakan cita

rasa dari pelanggan yang sudah ada. Bahan baku merupakan hal utama untuk menjual produk makanan dan

minuman yang dijual. Persediaan bahan baku seringkali menjadi tidak terkendali karena belum adanya

sistem yang mengatur keluar dan masuknya bahan baku, sehingga menyebabkan harga yang dijual tidak

sesuai dengan standar akuntansi dalam perhitungan persediaan bahan baku tersebut. Bahan baku yang tidak

terpakai karena pada saat pembelian tidak memperhatikan jumlah yang tersedia maupun bahan baku yang

dipakai terasa kurang karena pada saat pemakaian tidak memperhitungkan jumlahnya.Oleh karena itu,

dalam penelitian yang dipakai untuk menghitung harga pokok produksi atas pemakaian bahan baku

menggunakan metode moving average atau rata – rata bergerak, dengan judul Aplikasi Sistem Perhitungan

Harga Pokok Produksi Atas Pemakaian Bahan Baku Menggunakan Metode Moving Average. Metode ini

metode yang terletak di antara kedua metode FIFO dan LIFO, metode moving average mengambil nilai

harga dari suatu harga pokok produksi bahan baku dengan cara membagi saldo dengan jumlah.Dengan

adanya aplikasi ini dapat mempermudah manajemen dalam menghitung persediaan bahan baku, guna

meningkatkan keamanan bahan baku dalam pemakaian maupun pembelian secara lebih stabil dan efektif

agar tidak terjadi nya kerugian ataupun kecurangan yang merugikan perusahaan.

Kata Kunci : Bahan Baku, Persediaan, Moving Average
SISTEM INFORMASI PENERIMAAN KARYAWAN BARU BERBASIS WEBSITE PADA PT. SAMYANG TOUR &TRAVEL JAKARTA
Authors: Prastyo Windi , Wahyuni Asri
Published: February 2021

Sistem yang digunakan pada PT. Samyang Tour & Travel Jakarta masih bersifat pembukuan sehingga berdampak negatif khususnya pada penerimaan karyawan baru, yang membutuhkan waktu lebih dalam penerimaan karyawan serta data yang disajikan tidak akurat. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode waterfall. Tahap metode penelitian yang dilakukan adalah AnalisisKebutuhan, Desain, Pengkodean, Pengujian, Implementasi, dan Support. Hasil dari analisa menyatakan bahwa sistem yang diterapkan efektif dalam proses penerimaan karyawan. Data yang disajikan pun akurat dalammengelola data. Rancangan sistem yang dibuatbersifat komputerisasi dengan MySQL dan PhpMyAdmin sebagai basis data, serta Dreamweaver sebagai desain prototype interface untuk Sistem Informasi Penerimaan Karyawan Baru Pada PT.Samyang Tour & Travel Berbasis Websiteini.

Kata kunci:Sistem Informasi, Penerimaan KaryawanBaru, PT.Samyang Tour & Travel, Website.
Penerapan Data Mining Untuk Koperasi Se-Jawa Barat Menggunakan Metode Clustering pada Kementerian Koperasi dan UKM
Authors: Magdalena Lena , Fahrudin Rifqi
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menegelompokan data koperasi di Jawa Barat.Metode kalster yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah K-Means, dalam klaster K-Means memiliki tingkat akurasi yang baik.Penelitian ini mengkaji bagaimana penggunaan metode K-means dalam studi kasus koperasi di Jawa Barat. Dari hasil pengelompokan menggunakan metode K-Means berdasarkan nilai Modal Sendiri, Modal Luar dan Volume Usaha, maka dihasilkan 3 klaster dengan nilai klaster tinggi, sedang dan rendah. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut menunjukan bahwa metode K-Means dapat digunakan untuk pengendalian atau pemantauan koperasi yang harus dipertahankan usahanya dan koperasi yang harus lebih ditingkatkan usahanya untuk membantu perekonomian nasional.Hasil dari klaster metode K-Means dapat dijadikan masukan bagi Kementrian Koperasi dan UKM sebagai bentuk pemetaan terhadap koperasi di Jawa Barat

Kata kunci:Koperasi, Klaster, K-Means
Tiga Penyebab Mandegnya Islamisasi di Tana Toraja
Authors: Wahyudi Johan
Published: February 2021

Tana Toraja merupakan salah satu wilayah yang penduduknya jauh dari tradisi Islam Nusantara. Wilayah ini terletak di pedalaman Sulawesi Selatan, bertetangga dengan banyak peradaban tua di pulau ini seperti kerajaan Luwu, Enrekang, Mandar dan Bone. Berbeda dengan keempat daerah tetangganya, sampai awal abad 20, penduduk Tana Toraja masih menganut kepercayaan lokal yang dinamakan Aluk Todolo atau kepercayaan orang-orang di masa silam. Mereka setia menganut kepercayaan ini hingga akhirnya terjadi konversi besar-besaran penduduk Toraja ke Nasrani.

 

Tentu merupakan suatu anomali, mengapa Islam tidak dipeluk oleh penduduk Toraja. Padahal, jika menimbang pada peta perpolitikan Sulawesi Selatan di abad 17, masa di mana kerajaan besar Goa Tallo dan Bone mencapai puncak kejayaannya, bisa saja segenap cara digunakan untuk memperkenalkan Islam ke penduduk setempat, baik dengan cara tidak langsung, seperti perdagangan atau secara paksaan, salah satunya perang. Namun sampai menyentuh abad 21, belum jua mayoritas penduduk Toraja memeluk Islam. Tulisan ini akan mengetengahkan suatu sajian sejarah sosial. Penulis mendapatkan setidaknya tiga alasan mengapa Islam bukan menjadi agama yang dominan di masyarakat Toraja. Pertama, ingatan kelam masyarakat Toraja mengenai invasi pasukan Bone di bawah pimpinan Arung Palakka pada abad 16. Kedua, kekisruhan di masyarakat akibat peristiwa Perang Kopi pada abad 19. Terakhir, kegiatan zending yang mengunngguli dakwah Islam karena disokong pula oleh pemerintah Hindia Belanda.

 

Tulisan ini akan mengangkat perkembangan sistem kepercayaan masyarakat Toraja yang senantiasa tetap (stagnan) namun di masa tertentu mengalami perubahan pada abad 21. Tulisan ini mematahkan argumen Edward B. Tylor yang mengatakan bahwa masyarakat primitif atau masyarakat yang masih memegang teguh adat istiadat, akan mengalami tiga fase perkembangan kepercayaan yakni animisme, politeisme dan monoteisme. Masyarakat Toraja sebenarnya tidak bisa dikatakan primitif, mereka mempunyai sistem kepercayaan yang sudah estabilished. Oleh sebab itulah mengapa islamisasi menemui kegagalan.
Understanding Distortion of Islam Nusantara on Public Opinion in Indonesia on Political Ambience of 2019 Presidential Election
Authors: Perdana Kiki Esa
Published: February 2021

One of the most important roles in communication in life is that the information that   is   received   is   not   distorted;  moreover   it   can   be   received   by   the communicator completely. With a good plot of communication, all the process of information flows and good will from Islam Nusantara will be considered smooth and succeed. Communication effect or feedback is very important for all the information flows without exception so that the final result that is gained is really appropriate. In the end, all those people who have role to convey the communication activity of Islam Nusantara must pass through the process diligently; because it is definitely that the communication process of Islam Nusantara will be distorted, with so many unsubstantial disagreements emerge.
SUNTINGAN TEKS, TERJEMAHAN DAN ANALISIS NARATIF KADIS NABI MUHAMMAD DALAM NASKAH BALINES
Authors: LT Lutfianto
Published: February 2021

دأيراه بالي كينتال ديڠان أڬاما هيندو. نامون ديميكيان كيتيكا أدا نسكاه بيرأكسارا بالي بيرباهاسا جاوا بيرإيسي أڬاما إسلام ميروڤاكان كيأنيهان تيرسينديري. ناسكاه بالينيس ديڠان كيتيراڠان تيرتوليس كاديس نبي محمّد تيرسيبوت تيرسيمڤان دي ڤيرڤوستاكأن ناسكاه بيرلين جيرمان ديڠان نومور III ٣١ ١٩٧٠. ناسكاه إيني ميناريك أونتوك ديتيليتي. سيجأوه مانا إيسيۑا, سيبيراڤا باۑاك حديث نبي محمّد ياڠ تيرداڤات دالام ناسكاه تيرسيبوت. أوليه كارينا إيتو ڤينيليتي إيڠين ميلاكوكان ڤينيليتييان أوال ديڠان سونتيڠان تيكس دان تيرجيماهان. سونتيڠان دان تيرجيماهان مينجادي لڠكاه أوال دالام ڤينيليتييان فيلولوڬي. سيهيڠڬا داڤات ميڠوڠكاڤ إيسي نسكاه تيرسيبوت. ڤينوليس تيداك هاۑا بيرهينتي ڤادا ميڠهاديركان تيكس دان تيرجيماهنۑا ساجا تيتاڤي جوڬا ميڠاناليساۑا ديڠان أناليسيس ناراتيف. حال إيني بيرتوجووان أونتوك ميمبانتو ڤيماهامان ڤيمباچا تينتاڠ إيسي كاديس نبي محمّد دي دالام نسكاه بالينيس. حصيل ڤينيليتييان مينونجوكّان بهوا ناسكاه تيرسيبوت ليبيه باۑاك بيرإيسي چيريتا سيجاراه نبي محمّد دان ياڠ بيركإيتان ديڠانۑا.  

 

Daerah Bali kental dengan agama Hindu. Namun demikian ketika ada naskah beraksara Bali berbahasa Jawa berisi agama Islam merupakan keanehan tersendiri. Naskah Balines dengan keterangan tertulis Kadis Nabi Muhammad tersebut tersimpan di Perpustakaan Naskah Berlin Jerman dengan Nomor III 31 1970. Naskah ini menarik untuk diteliti. Sejauh mana isinya, seberapa banyak hadis Nabi Muhammad yang terdapat dalam naskah tersebut. Oleh karena itu peneliti ingin melakukan penelitian awal dengan suntingan teks dan terjemahan. Suntingan dan terjemahan menjadi langkah awal dalam penelitian filologi. Sehingga dapat mengungkap isi naskah tersebut. Penulis tidak hanya berhenti pada menghadirkan teks dan terjemahannya saja tetapi juga menganalisisnya dengan analisis naratif. Hal ini bertujuan untuk membantu pemahaman pembaca tentang isi Kadis Nabi Muhammad di dalam Naskah Balines. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa naskah tersebut lebih banyak berisi cerita sejarah Nabi Muhammad dan yang berkaitan denganya.
Système de file d’attente avec rappels de type premier entré, premier sorti par Laszlo Lakatos et ses modifications
Authors: KOVALENKO Igor Nikolaevich
Published: February 2021

Dans ce chapitre sont proposés deux modifications à un système de file d’attente avec rappel premier entré, premier sorti, introduits par Laszlo Lakatos en 1994. Ces modèles prennent notamment en compte la réservation de temps pour le service client. Ces modèles semblent augmenter le rendement du système de file d’attente par rapport au système de file d’attente de type Lakatos.
Méthodes de simulation rapide en files d’attente pour la résolution de certains problèmes combinatoires de grande taille
Authors: KUZNETSOV Igor , KUZNETSOV Nickolay
Published: February 2021

La simulation rapide de Monte Carlo est appliquée pour résoudre deux problèmes combinatoires à grande dimension. Le premier concerne l’estimation du nombre de sous-espaces k-dimensionnels d’un poids arbitraire d’un espace vectoriel n-dimensionnel sur un corps de Galois contenant q éléments. Les limites supérieures et inférieures sont construites grâce à une analytico-statistique. Le second problème concerne l’évaluation des « bonnes » permutations. La méthode de simulation rapide est proposée.
Stabilité forte des systèmes et réseaux de files d’attente : synthèse et perspectives
Authors: RABTA Boualem , LEKADIR Ouiza , AÏSSANI Djamil
Published: February 2021

Dans ce chapitre, nous présentons une synthèse des résultats sur l’application de la méthode de stabilité forte à l’étude de la robustesse des systèmes et des réseaux de files d’attente. En plus de l’affirmation qualitative de la stabilité forte, nous obtenons souvent des bornes de perturbation. Enfin, l’utilisation des méthodes d’estimation non paramétrique de densité dans ce contexte est discutée.
Propagation d’incertitudes à l’échelle de structures de génie civil vieillissantes
Authors: BOUHJITI David , BAROTH Julien , DUFOUR Frédéric
Published: February 2021

Ce chapitre introduit les étapes d’une modélisation probabiliste du comportement thermohydromécanique – variable dans l’espace – des ouvrages en béton. À titre d’exemple, la fuite d’une enceinte de confinement est modélisée sous forme d’un chaos polynomial. L’étude fiabiliste des grands ouvrages de génie civil vieillissants apparaît ainsi accessible et utile à une meilleure maîtrise des risques et opérations de maintenance et de réparation.
L’accessibilité face à sa grammaire
Authors: EBERSOLD Serge
Published: February 2021

La performativité de l’impératif d’accessibilité dépend de la prise en compte de sa grammaire et de l’ordonnancement des notions d’accès, d’accessible et d’accessibilisation. Cet ordonnancement qualifie ce qui fait accessibilité par rapport à l’inaccessibilité, légitime au quotidien les principes revendiqués et préside aux formes de visibilité sociale qu’acquièrent les personnes.
L’accessibilité pédagogique : un catalyseur de pratiques novatrices
Authors: MAINARDI Michele
Published: February 2021

Ce chapitre s’intéresse aux conditions d’opérationnalisation pédagogique et didactique de l’impératif d’accessibilité. Il analyse l’assimilabilité de l’impératif de l’accessibilité au niveau de chaque élément constitutif du noyau pédagogique des environnements scolaires et des pratiques enseignantes. Il présente également les conditions de l’émergence et d’exploitation de pratiques novatrices à l’intérieur d’environnements d’enseignement et d’apprentissage.
Modes d’accessibilisation et redéfinition de la scolarisation
Authors: FRANDJI Daniel
Published: February 2021

Ce chapitre montre en quoi la notion de scolarisation ne cesse historiquement de se redéfinir dans la logique des différentes entreprises visant à la rendre plus accessible. Ainsi, il argumente en quoi la perspective dite inclusive actuelle, si elle entend remettre en question les logiques d’exclusion, engage aussi une nouvelle conception politique de l’école, associant un changement de sa forme institutionnelle à de nouvelles formes d’attentes du travail scolaire, qui opacifient ses visées de justice.
Water vapor density and turbulent fluxes from three generations of infrared gas analyzers
Authors: Kutikoff Seth , Lin Xiaomao , Evett Steven R. , Gowda Prasanna , Brauer David , Moorhead Jerry , Marek Gary , Colaizzi Paul , Aiken Robert , Xu Liukang , Owensby Clenton
Published: February 2021

Abstract. Fast-response infrared gas analyzers (IRGAs) have been widely used
over 3 decades in many ecosystems for long-term monitoring of water
vapor fluxes in the surface layer of the atmosphere. While some of the early
IRGA sensors are still used in these national and/or regional eco-flux
networks, optically improved IRGA sensors are newly employed in the same
networks. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance of water
vapor density and flux data from three generations of IRGAs – LI-7500,
LI-7500A, and LI-7500RS (LI-COR Bioscience, Inc., Nebraska, USA) – over the
course of a growing season in Bushland, Texas, USA, in an irrigated maize
canopy for 90 d. Water vapor density measurements were in generally good
agreement, but temporal drift occurred in different directions and
magnitudes. Means exhibited mostly shift changes that did not impact the
flux magnitudes, while their variances of water vapor density fluctuations
were occasionally in poor agreement, especially following rainfall events.
LI-7500 cospectra were largest compared to LI-7500RS and LI-7500A, especially
under unstable and neutral static stability. Agreement among the sensors was
best under the typical irrigation-cooled boundary layer, with a 14 %
interinstrument coefficient of variability under advective conditions.
Generally, the smallest variances occurred with the LI-7500RS, and
high-frequency spectral corrections were larger for these measurements,
resulting in similar fluxes between the LI-7500A and LI-7500RS. Fluxes from
the LI-7500 were best representative of growing season ET based on a
world-class lysimeter reference measurement, but using the energy balance
ratio as an estimate of systematic bias corrected most of the differences
among measured fluxes.
Blue Carbon Stocks and Exchanges Along the Pacific West Coast
Authors: Ward Melissa A. , Hill Tessa M. , Souza Chelsey , Filipczyk Tessa , Ricart Aurora M. , Merolla Sarah , Capece Lena R. , O’Donnell Brady C. , Elsmore Kristen , Oechel Walter C. , Beheshti Kathryn M.
Published: February 2021

Abstract. Salt marshes and seagrass meadows can sequester and store high quantities of organic carbon (OC) in their sediments relative to other marine and terrestrial habitats. Assessing carbon stocks, carbon sources, and the transfer of carbon between habitats within coastal seascapes are each integral in identifying the role of blue carbon habitats in coastal carbon cycling. Here, we quantified carbon stocks, sources, and exchanges in seagrass meadows, salt marshes, and unvegetated sediments in six bays along the Pacific coast of California. The salt marshes studied here contained approximately twice as much OC as did seagrass meadows, 23.51 ± 1.77 kg OC m−3 compared to 11.01 ± 1.18 kg OC m−3, respectively. Both seagrass and salt marsh sediment carbon stocks were higher than previous estimates from this region but lower than global and U.S.-wide averages, respectively. Seagrass-derived carbon was deposited annually into adjacent marshes during fall seagrass senescence. However, isotope mixing models estimate that negligible amounts of this seagrass material were ultimately buried in underlying sediment. Rather, the vast majority of OC in sediment across sites was likely derived from planktonic/benthic diatoms and C3 salt marsh plants.
On numerical broadening of particle size spectra:
a condensational growth study using PyMPDATA 1.0
Authors: Olesik Michael , Arabas Sylwester , Banaśkiewicz Jakub , Bartman Piotr , Baumgartner Manuel , Unterstrasser Simon
Published: February 2021

Abstract. The work discusses the diffusional growth in particulate systems such as atmospheric clouds. It focuses on the Eulerian modeling approach in which the evolution of the probability density function describing the particle size spectrum is carried out using a fixed-bin discretization. The numerical diffusion problem inherent to the employment of the fixed-bin discretization is scrutinized. The work focuses on the applications of MPDATA family of numerical schemes. Several MPDATA variants are explored including: infinite-gauge, non-oscillatory, third-order-terms and recursive antidiffusive correction (double pass donor cell, DPDC) options. Methodology for handling coordinate transformations associated with both particle size distribution variable choice and numerical grid layout are expounded. The study uses PyMPDATA – a new open-source Python implementation of MPDATA. Analysis of the performance of the scheme for different discretization parameters and different settings of the algorithm is performed using an analytically solvable test case pertinent to condensational growth of cloud droplets. The analysis covers spatial and temporal convergence, computational cost, conservativeness and quantification of the numerical broadening of the particle size spectrum. Presented results demonstrate that, for the problem considered, even a tenfold decrease of the spurious numerical spectral broadening can be obtained by a proper choice of the MPDATA variant (maintaining the same spatial and temporal resolution).
A time-varying parameter estimation approach using split-sample calibration based on dynamic programming
Authors: Zhang Xiaojing , Liu Pan
Published: February 2021

Abstract. Although the parameters of hydrological models are usually regarded as constant, temporal variations can occur in a changing environment. Thus,
effectively estimating time-varying parameters becomes a significant challenge. Two methods, including split-sample calibration (SSC) and data
assimilation, have been used to estimate time-varying parameters. However, SSC is unable to consider the parameter temporal continuity, while data
assimilation assumes parameters vary at every time step. This study proposed a new method that combines (1) the basic concept of split-sample
calibration, whereby parameters are assumed to be stable for one sub-period, and (2) the parameter continuity assumption; i.e. the
differences between parameters in consecutive time steps are small. Dynamic programming is then used to determine the optimal parameter trajectory
by considering two objective functions: maximization of simulation accuracy and maximization of parameter continuity. The efficiency of the proposed
method is evaluated by two synthetic experiments, one with a simple 2-parameter monthly model and the second using a more complex 15-parameter
daily model. The results show that the proposed method is superior to SSC alone and outperforms the ensemble Kalman filter if the proper sub-period
length is used. An application to the Wuding River basin indicates that the soil water capacity parameter varies before and after 1972, which can be
interpreted according to land use and land cover changes. A further application to the Xun River basin shows that parameters are generally
stationary on an annual scale but exhibit significant changes over seasonal scales. These results demonstrate that the proposed method is an
effective tool for identifying time-varying parameters in a changing environment.
Measurements at laser materials processing machines: spectrum deconvolution including uncertainties and model selection
Authors: Behrens Rolf , Pullner Björn , Reginatto Marcel
Published: February 2021

Abstract. Laser materials processing of workpieces using ultra-short pulsed lasers can lead to unwanted X-ray emission. Their dose rate and spectral distribution have been precisely determined. The measurements were carried out using a thermoluminescence detector (TLD)-based spectrometer in which 30 TLD planes are arranged one behind the other, the first 10 layers made of polymethyl methacrylate, while the remaining 20 layers are interspaced by absorbers with, from the front to the back, increasing atomic charge and thickness. The penetration depth of the radiation into the spectrometer depends on its energy, so that the energy-resolved spectrum of the radiation can be calculated from the TLD dose values by means of mathematical methods (Bayesian deconvolution). The evaluation process also takes into account both the uncertainties of all input quantities and the possibility of adopting different models for the spectrum form. This allowed the resulting spectra to be associated with their realistic uncertainty. The measurements are traceable to the Système international d'unités (SI), i.e. the International System of Units. The results not only provide manufacturers and users of ultra-short pulsed lasers with important information on the design of the machines with regard to radiation protection, but were also included in the recently concluded legislative procedure in the field of radiation protection in Germany.
Crack identification in cyclic symmetric structures based on relative indicators of frequency separation
Authors: Wang Shuai , Liang Menghui
Published: February 2021

Abstract. Cyclic symmetric structures are an important class of structures in the fields of civil and mechanical engineering. In order to
avoid accidents due to cracks in such structures, an effective method for
crack identification is presented in this paper. First, the dynamic model of
cyclic symmetric structures with gapless cracks is developed using a structure's sector model and rotation transformation. Then, the effects of cracks on the free vibration characteristics of a cracked cyclic symmetric
structure are addressed, with particular interests in the distortion of mode shapes and the shift and split of natural frequencies. On the basis of
crack-induced phenomena, an effective method based on relative indicators of frequency separation is developed for quantitative crack identification.
Numerical results illustrate that the relative indicators are sensitive to small cracks and insensitive to the predicting model used during analysis.
Finally, the method is validated by experiments conducted on an
impeller-shaft assembly. The results show the effectiveness of the frequency
separation indicators in crack identification in cyclically symmetric
structures.
Addendum to "Recent Publications," Locke Studies 20 (2020)
Authors: Numao Kei
Published: February 2021

This is an addendum to the 2020 bibliographic article "Recent Publications," Locke Studies 20 (2020): 1-16. It contains 14 items of interest to Lockeans published in Japanese between 2018-2020 and not yet included in the John Locke Bibliography.
EDUCAÇÃO E CONHECIMENTO PARA UMA VIDA DECENTE
Authors: Vitkowski José Rogério
Published: February 2021

Esse trabalho, de natureza conceitual e de índole filosófica, aborda questões ligadas à epistemologia e educação e é fruto de pesquisa bibliográfica e da reflexão do autor. Diante dos desafios que permanentemente se põem à sociedade e aos diferentes espaços-tempo educacionais, é necessário considerar que as iniciativas e os caminhos a serem apontados para a solução de problemas não são somente de caráter técnico, mas trazem imbricadamente questões de fundo epistemológico. Nessa perspectiva, cada dia mais toma vulto a incursão de cunho filosófico que evidencia a crise de um modelo científico, denominado por pesquisadores como paradigma cartesiano-newtoniano. Desse movimento, surge o propósito do encontro e desenvolvimento de um novo paradigma, que vem sendo enunciado de diversas formas. Na perspectiva de Boaventura de Souza Santos, é compreendido como um paradigma de “Um conhecimento prudente para uma vida decente’’. A partir dessa abordagem busca-se fecundar as diferentes práticas educativas na sociedade contemporânea, particularmente na escola .
Jornalismo e pandemia: impactos da Covid-19 nas rotinas de produção do jornalismo independente do Ceará
Authors: Patrício Edgard
Published: February 2021

In February 2020, the Sars-CoV-2 virus is detected in Brazil. The first death, resultingfrom the disease caused by it, comes in March. Also in March the first case and the first death by Covid-19 in Ceará are notified, and the state decrees a state of emergency. Mobility restriction measures are determined. The situation affects the production of journalism. National surveys (FÍGARO, 2020; FENAJ, 2020) attest to the impact of the pandemic on the conditions and working relationships of communicators and journalists. This study seeks, in addition to the repercussion on workers, to understand the changes caused by the spread of the virus on Ceará's independent journalism initiatives. Contrary movements verified by the referred researches are verified, which accounts for specificities related to the journalism production routines of these initiatives
Um estudo sobre a invisibilização de fontes sobre o coronavírus em O Grande Debate
Authors: Maia Kênia , Costa Juliana
Published: February 2021

The article aims to reflect on the occurrence of the invisibility of journalistic sources producedby commentators who participate of theO Grande Debate, a CNN BrazilTV show. It reflects on the functions of journalistic sources and their role in spaces of opinion, in addition to tensioning the effects of the occurrence of their invisibility for journalistic credibility. When examining10editionsof the TV show aimed at exploring themes related to the pandemic causedby the new coronavirus, it observes a thematic division and confronts the types of sources used with the theme of eachprogram. At the end, the paperpoints to the occurrence of a shift in credibility of sources
Telling Tales of Difference: Portrayals of Immigrant Identity in Cahan’s, Cohen’s, and Yezierska’s “Landscapes” of Otherness and Contrast
Authors: Korkalainen Katrin
Published: February 2021

This article seeks to explore the intricate correlations between space, identity, and belonging in “landscapes” of difference. The genre of immigrant literature offers excellent terrain for probing the complexity of identity-related matters because of its profound concern with human, spatial, and sociocultural difference. In examining three Jewish-American narratives—Abraham Cahan’s Yekl (1896), Rose Cohen’s Out of the Shadow (1918), and Anzia Yezierska’s Hungry Hearts (1920)—which share as their primary setting the Jewish immigrant ghetto on New York’s Lower East Side as it existed between the 1880s and the 1920s, the article illuminates various instances that demonstrate that people’s perception of others and themselves—their sense of identity and belonging—is closely linked to their identification with their immediate surroundings. More importantly, these instances provide meaningful insights into the everyday realities of immigrant life, particularly as regards its emotional side. At the center of interest are everyday “landscapes” of difference: the ghetto’s street environs, its tenement homes, and work environments in sweatshops and factories. “Landscape” is understood spatially, figuratively, and textually, for a discourse on difference and Otherness naturally entails a rhetoric of contrast and comparison.
Active case‐finding in contacts of people with TB
Authors: Fox G. J. , Johnston J. C. , Nguyen T. A. , Majumdar S. S. , Denholm J. T. , Asldurf H. , Nguyen C. B. , Marks G. B. , Velen K.
Published: February 2021

BACKGROUND: Exposure to people with TB substantially elevates a person's risk of tuberculous infection and TB disease. Systematic screening of TB contacts enables the early detection and treatment of co‐prevalent disease, and the opportunity to prevent future TB disease.
However, scale‐up of contact investigation in high TB transmission settings remains limited.METHODS: We undertook a narrative review to evaluate the evidence for contact investigation and identify strategies that TB programmes may consider when introducing contact investigation
and management.RESULTS: Selection of contacts for priority screening depends upon their proximity and duration of exposure, along with their susceptibility to develop TB. Screening algorithms can be tailored to the target population, the availability of diagnostic tests and preventive
therapy, and healthcare worker expertise. Contact investigation may be performed in the household or at communal locations. Local contact investigation policies should support vulnerable patients, and ensure that drop‐out during screening can be mitigated. Ethical issues should be anticipated
and addressed in each setting.CONCLUSION: Contact investigation is an important strategy for TB elimination. While its epidemiological impact will be greatest in lower‐transmission settings, the early detection and prevention of TB have important benefits for contacts and
their communities.
Comparability of estimated and determined LDL cholesterol
in hospitalized children
Authors: Mamica-Pociecha Katarzyna , Bugajska Jolanta , Berska Joanna , Sztefko Krystyna
Published: February 2021

Introduction: The concentration of LDL cholesterol (LDLC) is the main parameter used in the stratification of risk and the management
of atherosclerosis.
Aim of study: The aim of this study was to compare the LDLC concentration calculated by the Friedewald (LDLCF
), the Cordova (LDLCC)
and the Planelli (LDLCP
) formulas with the LDLC concentration measured by direct metod (LDLCD) with regard to age and sample matrix.
Material and Methods: 594 serum samples were collected from children (1 day to 18 years) hospitalized in University Children’s Hospital
in Krakow. Concentrations of hemoglobin A1c and/or creatinine were determined. In all serum samples total cholesterol, triglycerides,
high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, apolipoprotein B and LDLCD were measured. In addition, the LDLC concentration was estimated.
Results: The means of the LDLCF
and LDLCC concentrations were significantly lower compared to the mean of the LDLCD in all samples
and in samples from children ≥1 years of age (in all cases p<0,0001). Bland-Altman analys is showed, that the values LDLCC were not
comparable to the values of LDLCD in samples from all children and regardless of the LDLCD concentration. In samples with HbA1c≥6,0%
mean values of differences between estimated LDLC and LDLCD were higher than in samples with HbA1c<6,0%, regardless of the used
formula. The mean values of differences between estimated LDLC and LDLCD in samples with creatinine concentrations <74,0 µmol/l
and ≥74,0 µmol/l differed significantly regardless of the used formula (in all cases p<0,001).
Conclusion: The differences between concentration of determined and estimated LDLC depend on composition of sample matrix and
formula which is used in calculations.
The significance of Toll-like receptors in selected nephropathies
Authors: Mertowski Sebastian , Grywalska Ewelina , Ludian Jarosław , Grafka Agnieszka , Pęksa Barbara , Roliński Jacek , Załuska Wojciech
Published: February 2021

The diseases associated with kidney damage are an increasingly common problem in modern society and complications of chronic
renal failure can result in death. Research conducted by many scientific centers, both Polish and foreign, concern the search for possible
factors involved in the pathogenesis of glomerulonephritis. One of the possible causes of nephropathy may include the dysfunction
of Toll-like receptors (TLRs), which constitute a “bridge” between innate and acquired response. TLRs are involved in receiving signals
related to pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) as well as receiving information related to the danger associated molecular
patterns (DAMP). The stimulation of these receptors activates a cascade of reactions in the course of which various mediators, including
pro-inflammatory mediators, are produced. The resulting long-lasting inflammation that develops within the glomerulus may cause
kidney damage. In both nephropathies caused by excessive production of antibodies in the IgA class, as well as nephropathy induced
by diabetes or lupus, the expression of individual TLRs may indicate an inducer of an inflammatory reaction cascade that leads to kidney damage. This article focuses on literature reports that present current views on the role of TLRs in the pathogenesis of the most
common nephropathies.
A polyphenol-rich diet is associated with decreased platelet aggregation in breast cancer patients
Authors: Sut Agnieszka , Różalski Marcin , Golański Jacek , Pytel Maria , Zadrożny Marek
Published: February 2021

It is well documented that plant polyphenols have both anti-cancer and anti-platelet effects. Hence, the aim of this work was to investigate a relationship between dietary intake of polyphenols and platelet aggregation in newly-diagnosed breast cancer patients. The nutritional value of a diet, including dietary intake of plant polyphenols was estimated. Platelet aggregation was induced with arachidonic acid (0.5 mmol/l), collagen (3.2 μg/ml) or ADP (6.4 μmol/l) and measured using multiple electrode aggregometry (Multiplate®) in whole blood. It was found that platelet aggregation was significantly higher in the low polyphenol intake group than the high intake group: the respective values (area under the aggregation curve recorded in units; U) were arachidonic acid: 84.8 vs. 65.3, P=0.003; ADP: 76.5 vs. 67.8, P=0.006; collagen 79.5 vs. 64.3, p=0.024 respectively. The study indicates, for the first time, an association between diet rich in polyphenols and reduced platelet reactivity in breast cancer patients.
The evaluation of urine concentration and diagnostic
usefulness of interleukin-8 and interleukin-18 in bladder cancer diagnostics
– preliminary report
Authors: Marchewka Zofia , Szymańska Beata , Piwowar Agnieszka
Published: February 2021

Introduction. The participation of cytokines in the development of inflammation is well documented, while recently attention is paid
to their role in the pathogenesis of the cancer process. Cytokines show very different, and also diverse action on the cancer progression.
The aim of the study was to estimation whether the determination of concentration two interleukins: IL-8 and IL-18 in the urine may
be helpful in the diagnosis of bladder cancer.
Material and Methods. The material for examinations was morning urine and serum of patients diagnosed with bladder cancer, verified
histopathologically with staging according to TNM (Tumor Nodules Metastases) and grading according to WHO (World Health Organization)
classification. Interleukins concentration was determined in the urine by immunoassay method ELISA (Diaclone, R & D Systems).
Results. In patients with bladder cancer, significantly higher mean concentration of both interleukins and total protein in urine were
found. The concentration of C-reactive protein in serum was not significantly higher than the value in healthy people. A significant
positive correlation was found between the concentration of IL-8 in the urine and the staging (T) and grading (G) of the tumor. There
were no such dependences for IL-18.
Conclusions. Changes in IL-8 concentrations in the urine may be helpful in diagnosing patients with bladder cancer. However, the
studies conducted due to the small number of patients may not be able to be referred to the general population, and therefore further
estimation of interleukin 8 concentration changes is require in order to confirm its diagnostic potential.
Evaluation of the incidence of identified types of respiratory viruses in a selected
population of inhabitants of the kuyavian-pomeranian voivodeship
Authors: Smoguła Małgorzata , Pawłowska Marta , Mila-Kierzenkowska Celestyna , Malinowska Joanna , Kasprzak Jerzy , Ziuziakowski Marcin
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Respiratory tract infections are caused by various factors including respiratory viruses, for example influenza virus and
respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Surveillance of influenza and other respiratory viruses is carried out as part of the SENTINEL and NON
SENTINEL programs in Poland.
Aim of study: Determination of the frequency of selected types of influenza and RSV viruses using real-time reverse transcription polymerase
chain reaction method (real-time RT-PCR) in a selected population of inhabitants of the kuyavian-pomeranian voivodeship in
the epidemic season 2017/2018, i.e. from 1 October 2017 to 30 April 2018.
Material and methods: 201 throat and nasal swabs were tested using real-time RT-PCR method for the detection of the presence of
genetic material RNA of influenza virus and RSV. The study population was divided into 7 groups depending on age.
Results. Positive samples accounted for 48.26% of the swabs tested. The genetic material RNA of influenza virus was found in 95 (47.26)
samples and RSV in 2 (1,00%) samples. Influenza B virus was most frequently isolated. The most prevalence of infections was observed
in people under 25 years of age.
Conclusions: Surveillance of influenza in the SENTINEL and NON SENTINEL programs constitute an important role in assessing the
virological and epidemiological situation prevailing in a given area. The results cover part of the population, hence the data may be
underestimated. It is necessary to continue studies and observe the virological and epidemiological situation in the polish population.