bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Footwear Versus Barefoot on Double-Leg Jump-Landing and Jump Height Measures: A Randomized Cross-Over Study
Authors: Hébert-Losier Kim , Boswell-Smith Caleb , Hanzlíková Ivana
Published: August 2023

Background

Assessing individuals in their own athletic footwear in clinics is common, but can affect movement, performance, and clinical measures.

Purpose

The aim was to compare overall Landing Error Scoring System (LESS) scores, injury risk categorization, specific LESS errors, and jump heights between habitual athletic footwear and barefoot conditions.

Study design

Randomized cross-over laboratory study.

Methods

Eighty healthy individuals (55% male) completed the LESS following standard procedures (i.e., land from a 30-cm box to a distance of 50% of body height and then jump upwards maximally). Participants performed the LESS three times in two randomized conditions: footwear and barefoot. LESS data were extracted from 2D videos to compare group-level mean LESS scores, group-level and individual-level injury risk categorization (5-error threshold), specific landing errors, and jump heights between conditions.

Results

LESS scores were significantly greater (0.3 errors, p=0.022) and jump heights were significantly lower (0.6 cm, p=0.029) in footwear than barefoot, but differences were trivial (d = 0.18 and -0.07, respectively) and not clinically meaningful. Although the number of high injury-risk participants was not statistically different at a group level (p=1.000); 27 individuals (33.8%) exhibited a clinically meaningful difference between conditions of one error or more in LESS score, categorization was inconsistent for 16.3% of individuals, and four of the 17 landing errors significantly differed between conditions.

Conclusion

At a group level, habitual athletic footwear does not meaningfully influence LESS scores, risk categorization, or jump height. At an individual level, footwear can meaningfully affect LESS scores, risk categorization, and alter landing strategies. Use of consistent protocol and footwear is advised for assessing movement patterns and injury risk from the LESS given the unknown predictive value of this test barefoot.

Level of Evidence

Level 3.
Balance Error Scoring System Performance Differences in Figure Skaters Based on Discipline
Authors: Mangum L. Colby , Skibski Andrew , Devorski Luk , Slater Lindsay
Published: August 2023

Background

Balance and postural stability are required of figure skaters throughout on-ice performance. Spinning, jumping, and landing each rely on this skill set to maintain control while skaters manage changing demands for each skating discipline.

Hypothesis/Purpose

The aim of this study was to compare balance error scoring system (BESS) performance in figure skaters between disciplines and determine if age was related to BESS performance.

Study Design

Cross-sectional study.

Methods

Three hundred and fifty-eight figure skaters (age: 15.4±3.3 years, 213 females, 145 males) of multiple disciplines completed the BESS during the United States Figure Skating’s Standardized Testing of Athleticism to Recognize Skaters (S.T.A.R.S.) combine. Errors during each condition of the BESS were recorded by trained evaluators. A 3x6 ANOVA was used to determine BESS differences based on skating discipline. Spearman’s rho (ρ) correlation coefficients were calculated for relationships between BESS errors and age.

Results

Ice dancers had more errors than singles and pairs for bipedal foam (p<0.001) but had fewer errors than single skaters for single leg foam (p=0.002). Tandem on a firm surface also showed an increase in errors for ice dancers and pairs skaters compared to singles (p<0.001). There were significant weak negative relationships noted between age and bipedal foam and single leg firm conditions (ρ=-0.14, -0.23, p<0.05).

Conclusion

Figure skaters of different disciplines have varying levels of static postural stability. Assessing postural stability in figure skaters can provide insight to improve performance and may identify skaters at risk of injury.

Level of Evidence

3
The Effect of Volitional Preemptive Abdominal Contraction on Biomechanical Measures During A Front Versus Back Loaded Barbell Squat
Authors: McCormick Joseph B. , Drusch Alexander S. , Lynch Darragh J. , Seeber Gesine H. , Wilford Katherine F. , Hooper Troy L. , Allen Brad S. , O’Connell Dennis G. , Mena-Iturriaga Maria J. , Cooper Kinyata J. , Sizer Phillip S.
Published: August 2023

Background

Weightlifting is growing in popularity among recreational and competitive athletes. The barbell back squat (BackS) is commonly included in these training programs, while the barbell front squat (FrontS) is commonly performed as a component of other lifts such as the power clean or clean and jerk, it is less commonly practiced in isolation.

Hypothesis/Purpose

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of VPAC performance on trunk muscle and LE biomechanical responses during loaded BackS versus FrontS in healthy subjects.

Study Design

Controlled Laboratory Study

Methods

Healthy male subjects with the ability to perform a sub-maximal loaded barbell squat lift were recruited. Subjects completed informed consent, demographic/medical history questionnaires and an instructional video. Subjects practiced VPAC and received feedback. Surface electromyography (sEMG) electrodes and kinematic markers were applied. Muscles included were the internal oblique (IO), external oblique (EO), rectus abdominis, iliocostalis lumborum (ICL), superficial multifidi, rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, biceps femoris, and gluteus maximus. Maximal voluntary isometric contractions established reference sEMG values. A squat one-rep-max (1RM) was predicted by researchers using a three to five repetition maximum (3RM, 5RM) load protocol. Subjects performed BackS trials at 75% 1RM while FrontS trials were performed at 75% BackS weight, both with and without VPAC. Subjects performed three repetitions of each condition with feet positioned on two adjacent force plates. Significant interactions and main effects were tested using a 2(VPAC strategy) x 2(squat variation) and 2(VPAC strategy) x 2(direction) within-subject repeated measures ANOVAs. Tukey’s Post-Hoc tests identified the location of significant differences.

Results

Trunk muscle activity was significantly higher during FrontS versus BackS regardless of VPAC condition. (IO: p=0.018, EO: p<0.001, ICL: p<0.001) VPAC increased performance time for both squat variations (p=.0011), which may be associated with decreased detrimental force potential on the lumbar spine and knees. VPAC led to improved ability to maintain a neutral lumbar spine during both squat variations. This finding is associated with decreased detrimental force potential on the lumbar spine.

Conclusions

Findings could help guide practitioners and coaches to choose squat variations and incorporate VPAC strategies during their treatments and/or training programs.

Level of Evidence

Level 3
Two-Dimensional and Three-Dimensional Biomechanical Factors During 90° Change of Direction are Associated to Non-Contact ACL injury in Female Soccer Players
Authors: Di Paolo Stefano , Grassi Alberto , Tosarelli Filippo , Crepaldi Matteo , Bragonzoni Laura , Zaffagnini Stefano , Della Villa Francesco
Published: August 2023

Background

The two-dimensional (2D) video-analysis of the change of direction (COD) technique has never been used to attempt to predict the risk of ACL injury in female football players.

Hypothesis/Purpose

The purpose of the present pilot study was to prospectively investigate the biomechanical predictors of ACL injury during a COD task in female football players using both gold standard 3D motion capture and a qualitative scoring system based on 2D video-analysis.

Study Design

Prospective cohort study

Methods

Sixteen competitive female football (soccer) players (age 21.4 ± 4.3) performed a series of pre-planned 90° COD tasks. 3D motion data was recorded through 10 stereophotogrammetric cameras and a force platform. 2D frontal and transverse plane joint kinematics were computed through video-analysis from three high-speed cameras. A scoring system based on five criteria was adopted: limb stability, pelvis stability, trunk stability, shock absorption, and movement strategy. The players were prospectively followed for the next two consecutive football seasons and the occurrence of severe knee injuries was registered.

Results

Four players (25%) experienced an ACL injury. In 3D analysis, ACL-injured players showed greater knee valgus, knee internal rotation, and lower knee flexion (p= 0.017 – 0.029). Lower hip flexion coupled with greater external rotation (p= 0.003 – 0.042), ankle eversion, and contralateral pelvic drop (p<0.001) were also noted. In 2D analysis, ACL-injured players showed greater internal foot rotation, contralateral pelvic drop, lower knee flexion, and contralateral trunk tilt (moderate-to-large effect size). Pelvis stability and trunk stability showed the highest predictive value towards ACL injury. Total score was significantly lower in ACL-injured players with a moderate effect size (d=0.45).

Conclusions

Both 3D and 2D methodologies depicted biomechanical risk factors and offered predictive insights towards the ACL injury risk. Awareness should rise in women’s football regarding the high risk of ACL injury and the strategies to assess and mitigate it.

Level of Evidence

3
Image caption extraction to aid visual learning
Authors: Shailesh Sangle , Palak Kabra , Mihir Gharat , Dhiraj Jha
Published: August 2023

An image caption generator is essential for social media enthusiasts or visually impaired individuals. It can be used as a plugin in popular social media platforms to recommend suitable captions or to assist visually impaired people in comprehending the image content on the web, thereby eliminating ambiguity in image meaning and ensuring accurate knowledge acquisition. This research describes an image caption generator that utilizes a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) model to generate natural language descriptions of images. The CNN was employed to extract features from the input image, which were then fed into the LSTM to generate the corresponding caption. The model is trained on a large dataset of image-caption pairs, using a combination of supervised and reinforcement learning techniques. The model's performance is evaluated using several metrics, and the results demonstrate that the proposed CNN LSTM model outperforms existing state-of-the-art approaches in generating accurate and diverse image captions. This model has the potential to be used in various applications, including image retrieval, content-based image search, and assisting visually impaired individuals to understanding their surroundings. It also discusses about the structure and functions of the various neural networks involved.
Impact of Integrated Reporting on the Value Relevance of Corporate Disclosures
Authors: Priyadarshani Wijesinghe Arachchilage Nadeesha , Yusoff Siti Khalidah Binti Md , Azam Ferdous
Published: August 2023

Purpose: The integrated reporting (IR) process allows companies to present their business in a clear and concise manner. It was intended to investigate whether corporate disclosures are more beneficial when integrated reporting is adopted.
 
Theoretical framework: According to agency theory, market value of shares can be increased by providing investors with more concise, useful and relevant information. Integrated reporting which is the most recent advancement in the realm of corporate reporting facilitates to growing information needs of stakeholders. Thereby, this study examines whether integrated reporting enhance the value relevance of corporate disclosures which enhance the market value of firm. 
 
Design/Methodology/Approach: This study was conducted using data collected from Colombo Stock Exchange (CSE) listed companies. There were 121 companies included in the sample, representing each sector proportionately. The data was gathered from corporate annual reports from 2012 to 2019. In the analysis, the return model and price model were both used. Descriptive statistics, correlation and panel regression analysis were conducted for achieving the research objectives.
 
Findings: The study discovered that Sri Lankan-listed companies had a low level of corporate disclosures, although it has improved significantly over time. Further, results of the study revealed that increasing the level of disclosures in annual reports had no significant impact on improving the firm value, indicating that there is no any value relevance of disclosures. Finally, it also concluded that the IR is not enhancing the value relevance of corporate disclosures.
 
Research, practical and social implications: The study suggest that financial managers should encourage in communicating more timely and more relevant information in order to increase their market capitalization which represent the value relevance. Further financial reporting guidelines and practices need to be more regulated. At the same time this study highlights the importance of implementing innovative corporate reporting techniques to enhance investor confidence, thereby stimulating economic growth and benefiting a wider range of stakeholders.
 
Originality/Value: Many researchers have investigated whether integrated reporting enhance the value relevance of accounting information. Still, existing research on the value relevance of corporate disclosures has not extensively explored the effects of adopting integrated reporting (IR) on this aspect.
Pengaruh gaya kepemimpinan perempuan, motivasi dan disiplin kerja terhadap kinerja pegawai pada Rumah Tahanan Negara Perempuan Kelas IIA Surabaya
Authors: Ambarwati Amiek Diyah
Published: August 2023

Dalam rangka terwujudnya peningkatan kinerja pada sebuah lembaga atau organisasi pemerintah, maka sangat perlu diperhatikan adanya gaya kepimpinan perempuan, motivasi dan disiplin kerja, hal ini diperlukan dalam rangka dapat memperbaiki kualitas dan dapat meningkatkan prestasi pegawai. Penelitian ini termasuk dalam ruang lingkup manajemen sumber daya manusia. Penelitian ini menguji dua variable yaitu variable independen dan variable dependen. Variable independen dalam penelitian ini adalah gaya kepemimpinan perempuan, motivasi kerja dan disiplin kerja, sedangkan variable dependen adalah kinerja pegawai. Dari penelitian ini didapatkan hasil yaitu ada pengaruh secara signifikan antara Gaya Kepemimpinan Perempuan terhadap Kinerja Pegawai sebesar 10,071, ada pengaruh secara signifikan antara Motivasi Kerja terhadap Kinerja Pegawai sebesar 5,580, ada berpengaruh secara signifikan antara Disiplin Kerja terhadap Kinerja Pegawai yaitu 8,981 kemudian Gaya Kepemimpinan Perempuan (X1), Motivasi Kerja (X2) dan Disiplin Kerja (X3), secara simultan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Kinerja Pegawai di Rutan Perempuan Kelas IIA Surabaya.Kata Kunci: Gaya Kepemimpinan Perempuan, Motivasi Kerja, Disiplin Kerja, Kinerja Pegawai
Application of the Chatbot in University Education: A Bibliometric Analysis of Indexed Scientific Production in SCOPUS, 2013-2023
Authors: Chamorro-Atalaya Omar , Olivares-Zegarra Soledad , Sobrino-Chunga Lisle , Guerrero-Carranza Rosemary , Vargas-Diaz Ademar , Huarcaya-Godoy Madison , Rasilla-Rovegno José , Suarez-Bazalar Raul , Poma-Garcia Jorge , Cruz-Telada Yreneo
Published: August 2023

Universities today are employing tools based on artificial intelligence to improve the educational service in general. The chatbot represents an online communicative interaction tool which contributes to solving daily queries required by students, teachers or graduates. However, there are few bibliometric review studies on the chatbot that show in which areas there is a greater concentration or lack of scientific production at the university level. The objective of this article is to explore and describe the research trends regarding the application of the chatbot in university education through the bibliometric analysis of publications indexed to Scopus. The research is of an exploratory-descriptive level, developed under a quantitative approach. The study covered the scientific production between the years 2013 and 2023, identifying 210 manuscripts. It was identified that there is a growing trend in scientific production, particularly in scientific articles and conference papers. The most cited article was published in 2018 and has 162 citations. Therefore, it is concluded that there is a greater concentration in the scientific production of manuscripts focused on improving the university educational service, applying significantly to the improvement of academic performance, administrative management and university wellbeing. However, there is a gap that needs to be reduced in terms of the lack of scientific studies in which the chatbot is used as a tool to identify the satisfaction of university students. In addition, there is a lack of research on the use of a regulatory framework that regulates the application of the chatbot at the university level.
Morbimortalidad por neumonía comunitaria en pacientes diabéticos tipo 2 con ventilación mecánica
Authors: Correa Muñiz Luz Susana , Ruiz Polit Pamela Alejandra , Campoverde Espinoza Rafael Agripino
Published: August 2023

La diabetes es una enfermedad metabólica crónica caracterizada por niveles elevados de glucosa en sangre, cuando el páncreas no produce suficiente insulina o cuando el organismo no puede metabolizarla eficientemente, suele cursar con diversas comorbilidades que deterioran la salud de lo pacientes. La Neumonía adquirida en la comunidad, es una infección a nivel pulmonar, que junto a otros factores pueden causar complicaciones y llevar al paciente a la muerte. Objetivo: Determinar la morbimortalidad de la Neumonía comunitaria en diabéticos tipo 2 con ventilación mecánica, ingresados en la unidad de cuidados intensivos del Hospital Luis Vernaza, a través de la revisión de las historias clínicas brindando información para promover su prevención y reducir su incidencia. Metodología: Es una investigación no experimental, descriptiva y correlacional de carácter retrospectivo transversal, con enfoque observacional, cuantitativo, además de la revisión bibliográfica que proporciona sustento teórico del estudio. La técnica y el puntaje de valoración APACHE II, el instrumento fue una ficha de observación para las historias clínicas de 86 pacientes ingresados a cuidados intensivos en el Hospital Luis Vernaza, periodo de marzo 2020 a marzo 2021. Resultados: El puntaje de valoración APACHE II reveló; elevado índice de mortalidad y la presencia de comorbilidades fue del 100%. Los pacientes tenían entre los 60 y 79 años y tuvieron una estadía de 1 a 7 días en cuidados intensivos, el 79.3% tenía un nivel de glucosa mayor a 126 mg/dl. Conclusiones: Las instituciones hospitalarias deben generar estrategias de prevención, con apoyo de especialistas, formando conciencia en pacientes diabéticos, sobre un buen control de la glucemia, mejorando su estilo de vida, promoviendo la inmunización, especialmente en los adultos mayores para prevenir neumonía, evitando ingresos, complicaciones y fallecimientos en la sala de cuidados intensivos.
Impacto del aumento de la preeclampsia, eclampsia y síndrome de Hellp, en el mundo y en el ecuador, manejo, prevención y tratamiento. Mortalidad
Authors: Dávila Flores Johnny Xavier , Montenegro Morán Ecuador Edmundo , Macías Gaytán Ángela Maritza , Tayupanda Martinez José Luis
Published: August 2023

Los trastornos hipertensivos del embarazo (HDP) representan la complicación más común en el embarazo, afectando aproximadamente el 15% de los embarazos y representan casi el 18% de todas las muertes maternas en el mundo. La presente investigación se enmarca dentro de una metodología de tipo bibliográfica documental. Ya que es un proceso sistematizado de recolección, selección, evaluación y análisis de la información, que se ha obtenido mediante medios electrónicos en diferentes repositorios y buscadores tales como Google Académico, Science Direct, Pubmed, entre otros, empelando para ellos los diferentes operadores booleanos y que servirán de fuente documental, para el tema antes planteado. La preeclampsia – eclampsia son una de las principales patologías causantes de mortalidad en el mundo, el cuadro hipertensivo que caracteriza estas patologías, puede generar complicaciones como el síndrome de Hellp, muerte fetal, convulsiones entre otras. El diagnóstico y manejo de esta patología es fundamental para la disminución de la muerte perinatal, así como de los factores de riesgo asociados. En Ecuador los trastornos hipertensivos representaron en el año 2022 la primera causa de muerte materna.
Structuralism perspective to interpret the patterns and meanings found in vernacular architecture
Authors: Lake Reginaldo Christophori , Jeraman Pilipus
Published: August 2023

Patterns and meanings are one of the formal architectural objects commonly studied by academics and practitioners. However, the philosophy, theory, and concept of structuralism underlying architectural patterns and meanings as a complex and diverse issue have not been conducted. Therefore, it is important to carry out in-depth studies in the context of structuralism on these objects. This theoretical study reveals the relationship between vernacular architectural patterns and the influencing philosophical, theoretical, and paradigm factors using the literature review method. Based on the notion of structural thought elaborated with architectural theory in the context of form, function, and meaning, three approaches were formulated, namely formalist, genetic, and dynamic structural approaches to reading architectural patterns and traditional meaning forms. The results showed that this study has succeeded in presenting a new reading tool to parse the patterns and meanings of a relatively complete vernacular architecture starting from the philosophical, theoretical context to the underlying paradigm. These results are expected to be useful as a new reading tool for vernacular architectural patterns. Similarly, the expected implication is as a modern architectural design method.
The Impact of Tropical Vernacular Courtyard on Air Temperature Reduction The Case Study of Djaduk Ferianto's House
Authors: Nugroho Agung Murti
Published: August 2023

The study of contemporary architectural work incorporating vernacular tropical design strategies is still not widely done. Architect Eko Prawoto did a lot of design exploration to provide comfort through the inclusion of natural elements and the relationship between outer and inner space in his contemporary residential work. Vernacular courtyards in buildings are one of the passive design strategies for lowering the air temperature in Djaduk Ferianto's house. This paper aims to evaluate tropical elements and the performance of air temperature reduction through visual observation and thermal environmental measurements. Visual observation is conducted by observing building elements that meet tropical design criteria and indicators that continue with a conformity analysis. Measurement of thermal environments limited in air temperature and humidity followed by descriptive, evaluative, and comparative analysis of neutral temperature and the value of air temperature reduction. The study findings are as follows: first, the main criteria of tropical design elements in Eko Prawoto's work according to the value of highly appropriate are courtyard elements, building form, roofs, and natural shades. Second, the lowest average comfortable air temperature and the longest duration of comfortable conditions are found in the courtyard room, which is 28.7°C for 17 hours per day. Third, the most significant reduction in air temperature occurred in the courtyard, with an average of 1.4°C compared to the dining room (1°C) and bedrooms (0.6°C). Recommendations for improving courtyard performance are adjusting proportions, adding a roof, placing shade plants, and raising the courtyard enclosure.
Spiritual Communication of Grebeg Maulid Ceremonial Cultural Space in Madiun’s Town Square
Authors: Wulandari Lisa Dwi
Published: August 2023

Culture became a city character that will keep developing through times, Grebeg Maulid of Madiun is one example of developing culture into tourism sites. Madiun’s Government was so intensively introducing Madiun as a religious tourism sites. This research talks about ritual communication presented by the people through cultural space that formed in Madiun’s town square area during grebeg maulid ceremony. Method used in this research is descriptive qualitative with etnographic approach, using Dell Hymes theory for the guidelines. Collected result will talk about communication form of grebeg maulid in madiun’s town square. Study of this research could be a new start for researchers to do deeper research using etnographic method about grebeg maulid. Furthermore, this research will also be an image for the government’s planning in developing culture into tourism sites (religious tourism sites) without losing its meaning.
Creative Kampong and the Promotion of Sustainable Development Knowledge in Urban Grassroots: The Case of Surakarta
Authors: Permana Chrisna Trie Hadi , Mukaromah Hakimatul , Astuti Winny
Published: August 2023

As the global trend is going into circular economy paradigm. The trend encourages business entities to focus on the production of durable, efficient, and reusable commodities to promote sustainable development. On the demand side, the market also gradually adjusts its preferences to commodities with sustainability values. With limited scale of capital, networks, and technology, Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) are usually lagged behind in catching new knowledge, especially those exchanged internationally. Sustainability, which is as an important knowledge under the circular economy trend, has caused serious problem for SMEs because those unable to catch the knowledge will be incompetent to serve the new market preferences and vulnerable to survive. Urban planning practices introduce the business district as one of spatial concepts to mediate the problem. It encourages enterprises with business linkages to locate next to each other and share activities and facilities. In Indonesia, the creative kampong is a local translation of business district concept, which emerges as a national hype. This research aims at studying the empirical case of the creative kampong and its knowledge transfer effectiveness for SMEs. By using the logic of Actor Network Theory (ANT) and focusing on the case study of four creative kampongs in Surakarta, we unravel the level of understanding of SMEs towards sustainability. Our data are based on stakeholder interviews and documentary reviews. The findings reveal that the majority of SMEs were understand of sustainability, and the creative kampong provided a significant contribution to ease the transfer knowledge process.
The Effectiveness of Mobile Phone Text Messages on the Adherence to Antiretroviral Drug Taking in Patients Living with HIV/AIDS: A Meta-Analysis
Authors:   Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia, Prisma Fara Aristya , Prasetya Hanung ,   Study Program of Acupuncture, Health Polytechnics, Ministry of Health Surakarta, Indonesia, Ichsan Burhannudin ,   Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, Indonesia
Published: August 2023

Background: The use of ARV therapy has been shown to reduce the mortality and morbidity of PLHIV. The characteristic factor of the PLHIV health care system is a key factor as well as how health workers and services synergize to improve patient adherence to adherence to taking ARVs. Subjects and Method: This research was conducted using a systematic review and meta-analysis with PICO namely, Population: PLHIV. Intervention; mobile phone text message. Comparison: not given a mobile phone text message. Outcome: obediently taking ARVs. By searching articles in 4 databases namely PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, and ProQuest published from 2012 to 2022, entering the following keywords (“Mobile phone text messages” OR mHealth) AND antiretroviral AND (HIV or AIDS) AND “Randomized controlled trials”. Articles were selected using PRISMA flow and data analysis using the Review Manager 5.3 application. Results: There are a total of 9 articles using the RCT study design with a total sample of 2,762 PLHIV from China, Estonia, Nigeria, Cameroon, Kenya, and Mozambique which have been subject to systematic review and meta-analysis. The data that has been processed shows that mobile phone text messages are effective in increasing PLWHA adherence in taking ARVs, and are statistically close to significant. PLHIV who receive mobile phone text messages are more likely to comply with taking ARVs 1.12 times than those who do not receive mobile phone text messages (RR= 1.12; 95% CI= 1.00 to 1.26; p= 0.050). Conclusion: Mobile phone text messages are effective in increasing PLWHA compliance in taking ARVs. Keywords: HIV/AIDS, ODHA, ARV, mobile phone text messages.
Assessment of terrigenous and marine sourced oils mixtures: Los Manueles field, Maracaibo basin Venezuela
Authors: López Liliana , Crespo Jetsy , Lo Monaco Salvador , Marcano Fernando
Published: August 2023

Seven crude oil samples from Los Manueles field, Maracaibo Basin, Venezuela, were analyzed to evaluate oil mixtures associated with different oil charges into the reservoirs. Analyses of the bulk physicochemical parameters suggest variations in the API gravity, the concentration of saturated and aromatic hydrocarbons, NSO compounds + asphaltenes, sulfur, vanadium, nickel, and the biomarkers distribution. The oils were divided in two groups: G-I with high saturated hydrocarbons and low NSO compounds + asphaltenes, sulfur, vanadium and nickel, a bimodal distribution of n-alkanes, high Pr/Ph and oleanane index, low steranes index, low abundance of tricyclic terpanes and C35S/C34S < 0.54 and G-II with low saturated hydrocarbons and high NSO compounds+ asphaltenes, sulfur, vanadium and nickel, an unimodal distribution of n-alkanes with low Pr/Ph and oleanane index, high steranes index, abundance of tricyclic terpanes and C35S/C34S > 0.70. G-I has a higher contribution of terrigenous organic matter compared to G-II, characterized by a higher contribution of marine organic matter. Source rock lithology biomarker indicators suggest marine shale as the source rock for oils of terrigenous origin. The results indicate that oils were generated by two independent source rocks, La Luna Formation and a secondary source rock with terrigenous organic matter, probably represented by the Capacho Formation.
The effects of double-stemmed grafted tomato plants on yield and quality of tomato cultivation
Authors: KALYKOV Askar , POLAT Ersin
Published: August 2023

In this study, the effect of the production of double-stemmed grafted and non-grafted tomato plants on yield and quality was investigated. Android F1 and Torry F1 tomato (S. lycopersicum L.) cultivars were grafted on “Classmate” tomato rootstock, and grafting was doneaccording to one or two stems for treatments. There were 12 plants in each treatment over 4 grafting and 2 varieties and the plants were provided seedling nursery. The number of stems left in tomato seedlings as grafted and non-grafted was taken as the basis. The plants which are consisting of two stems are formed from the cotyledon axillary buds. The grafting in the experiment were created as follows;.1- grafted-double stem: Shoots were formed with the development of cotyledon axillary buds, 2- Non-grafted-double stem: Shoots were formed with the development of cotyledon axillary buds on cultivars, 3- Grafted-single stem and 4- non-grafted-single stem (control) were formed. In the experiment conducted, the highest plant height (167.25 cm) was obtained from the control treatment and the highest stem diameter (16.58 mm) was obtained from the grafted double stem treatment. L and Hue angel values measured in fruit color of treatments were not statistically significant. The highest total soluble solids (4.46%) was obtained from the non-grafted double stem treatment. In terms of total yield, the highest value (12.27 kg m-2) was obtained in the control plants. The effect of double stem in cotyledon axillary buds on grafted tomato cultivation was found statistically significant on yield, and grafting with double stem decreased the yield, as compare to the control treatment.
Effect of different natural habitats on the variation in essential oil components of Origanum onites L.
Authors: KOCABAŞ OĞUZ Işın , KAPLAN Mustafa
Published: August 2023

Origanum onites L., which is native to the Mediterranean region, is among one of the economically significant medicinal and aromatic plants that are not only gathered in the wild, but also cultivated in our country. The purpose of this study was to determine how the region in which Origanum onites grows affects the amount of essential oil and essential oil components in the plant's flowers and leaves. In this context, the effect of the plant's growing location on the essential oil content and essential oil components of the flowers and leaves of the Origanum onites, which grows naturally between 0-100 m in the Serik-Aksu, Demre, and Kaş regions of Antalya, was investigated together with the soil properties. The essential oils were extracted from the plant samples' leaves and flowers using the hydrodistillation method. The analysis of essential oils was done using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) systems. Soil samples were analyzed for their pH, EC, CaCO3, texture, organic matter, total N, available P, and K values. The organic matter and exchangeable potassium contents of the soils, as well as the content of essential oil in the flowers and leaves of the plants, were found to increase gradually towards the west of Antalya. It has been demonstrated that the amounts of essential oil components of the plants varied depending on the region in each of the three different study locations.
Profit efficiency of mushroom cultivation in Antalya, Türkiye
Authors: MÜLAZIMOĞULLARI Esra , CEYLAN Figen
Published: August 2023

Mushroom is an important fresh vegetable for the Turkish consumer market. However, mushroom production can only be carried out in a few places due to its specific climatic and geological requirements. The amount of mushroom produced in Türkiye was 55455 tonnes in 2020, 33518 tonnes of which (60%) was cultivated in Korkuteli town of Antalya/Türkiye. The main purpose of this research was to estimate the level of profit efficiency and determine factors affecting inefficiency of mushroom cultivation in Korkuteli/Antalya. Accordingly, 60 producers were interviewed in Korkuteli in 2020. Respecting effective exchange rate of 28th October 2020 ($ 1= 8.21 TL) the average per unit profit of producers was calculated as $ 24.98 and average profit inefficiency as 44%. The inefficiency score was estimated against socio-economic items relevant to individual farms or farmers with stochastic profit frontier approach. Gender, education and satisfaction levels of the producer and duration of harvest and registry to the Farmer Registration System (CKS) appeared as factors reducing profit inefficiency. However, age of the farmer, garden use of waste compost and mushroom sales through intermediaries were detected as inefficiency rising factors. Due to the findings, supporting female producers, providing applied training and courses, developing approaches to raise the satisfaction level of producers and supporting CKS registry were proposed. In addition, it was concluded that establishment of a waste compost centre and reopening the producer union, that was shut down earlier, might reduce profit inefficiency.
Teaching through Black History: An overview of Black Historical Consciousness
Authors: King LaGarrett
Published: August 2023

History is one of the most undesirable subjects for Black students. The reason is not that Black students are apathetic towards the past; it is the lack of and/or coverage of Black history in U.S. and World history courses. Black students clammer to learn Black history (Noldon, 2007; Thornhill, 2016; Woodson, 2015). While evidence suggests that Black history increases Black student engagement and is psychologically beneficial (Boutte & Strickland, 2008; Chapman-Hilliard & Adams, 2016), these students are left disappointed with teachers who are incapable of teaching the subject. This paper responds to those concerns by outling a Black history framework that enhances the learning and teaching of Black history education.
The effect of the generative learning model on the student critical thinking ability in environmental conservation topic
Authors: Mumtaz Fairuz , Sjaifuddin Sjaifuddin , Nestiadi Adi
Published: August 2023

The low level of students' critical thinking ability makes students need help understanding science concepts. The application of an interactive learning model can be a solution to this problem. This research aims to analyze the effect of the Generative learning model on the critical thinking ability of 7th graders in Environmental conservation Materials. The research method used is the Quasy Experiment method carried out in class VII junior high school SMP Mutiara Insani Tangerang. Students' critical thinking abilities are measured by a written test instrument in the form of essay questions made according to indicators of critical thinking ability that have been adjusted as many as ten questions tested for validity and reliability. The selected experimental class comes from a population that is normally distributed, has a homogeneous variance, and has the same mean. The research results show that the experimental class with the Generative Learning model and the control class with the Discovery Learning model are normally distributed. Hypothesis testing is done by t-test, and the significance level is based on the results of the Posttest; there is a significant influence of the Generative Learning learning model on the critical thinking ability of class VII students. In conclusion, the Generative Learning Learning Model affects the Critical Thinking Ability of 7th graders Students in Environmental Conservation material.
Development of teaching materials for making simple energy-producing devices in renewable energy topic
Authors: Fauzi Ilham , Mawardi Mawardi , Suryani Okta
Published: August 2023

The change in curriculum to a Merdeka Curriculum causes changes in the learning system in Indonesia because this requires teachers and students to be more innovative and creative. To balance this requires teaching materials that can meet these needs, especially renewable energy materials; this material is new, so there are still few teaching materials available. The available renewable energy teaching materials are not carried out in practicum, so teachers still use references to the previous curriculum teaching materials, which are no longer significant. This type of research is educational development research or Educational Design Research (EDR). The stages of development research consist of 3 main stages: preliminary research, prototyping stage, and assessment phase. The development model used in this research is the Plomp development model developed by Tjreed Plomp. The research instruments used were interview sheets and questionnaires in the form of validity sheets which were analyzed with Aiken's V scale and practicality sheets. The validity test results were obtained by Aiken's V scale of 0.93 with high validity, which means that the developed teaching materials are valid. The practicality test results for the small group were 89% with very high practicality. Based on the teacher response questionnaire with very high practicality and obtained 93% based on the student response questionnaire with very high practicality, the teaching materials developed are practical. Based on the study's results, the teaching materials of the Independent Curriculum on renewable energy Phase E are valid and practical.
Effect of addition of organic inhibitor of kersen leaf extract (Muntingia calabura L) on corrosion rate on A36 steel in seawater media
Authors: Hidayat Syamsul , Desiasni Rita , Novia Nita
Published: August 2023

Organic inhibitors utilization to reduce corrosion rate on metal has been widely studied because of their environmentally friendly nature. This study aims to calculate the value of the corrosion rate of A36 steel, the efficiency of inhibitors from the extract of Kersen leaf, and determine the corrosion that occurs in the material of A36 steel. The method used is weight loss. The sample was immersed for seven days with inhibitor concentration variations of 0 ppm, 100 ppm, 200 ppm, 300 ppm, 400 ppm, and 500 ppm. The results showed that the extract of Kersen leaf can reduce the corrosion rate. The corrosion rate decreases as the number concentration of the inhibitor is added to the test medium. In contrast, the inhibitor efficiency increases with increasing amounts of inhibitor concentrations added to the test medium. The lowest corrosion rate value and the highest efficiency at adding 500 ppm inhibitor concentration are 0,0767 mmpy and 38,83%, respectively. Based on the results of the microstructure of A36 steel after immersion, pitting corrosion is formed in the form of holes on the steel surface. On steel without inhibitors, corrosion products are more, and the surface is rougher than steel samples added with inhibitors.
Use of Saliva-PCR as an alternative diagnostic tool for COVID-19 positive cases.
Authors: Tehreem Shahid  , Zain ul Abideen  , Sara Maryium  , Zia ul Arifeen  , Muhammad Arsalan  , Najmush Shakireen
Published: August 2023

Objective: To find the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in saliva and oropharyngeal secretions in confirmed cases of COVID 19 to establish them as potential diagnostic alternatives. Study Design: Cross Sectional study. Setting: Hayatabad Medical Complex and Public Reference Lab of Khyber Medical University, Peshawar. Period: April 2022 to September 2022. Material & Methods: Study included SARS-CoV-2 patients confirmed by a positive RT-qPCR diagnosed through nasopharyngeal swab. Data was collected using a digital questionnaire. Saliva was collected using "passive drool" procedure. RNA was extracted from saliva samples and virus was detected through one-step-RT-qPCR using Universal qPCR Master Mix. The data obtained was presented using graphical representation in the form of proportions. Results: The study included 211 individuals with a wide range from 12 to 75 years. There were 146 (69%) males and 65 (31%) females.17% reported being hospitalized or received medical treatment recently. Only six individuals reported regular use of medications for hypertension and diabetes. 30% of participants reported a positive response when asked about their pervious respiratory allergic conditions. Results showed that out of 211 participants 75 (36%) were positive for COVID-19 using saliva-PCR, while the remaining 136 (64%) were negative. The findings showed that saliva-PCR had lower sensitivity than nasopharyngeal-PCR in detecting COVID-19. Conclusion: The results of saliva-PCR diagnosis showed lower sensitivity than nasopharyngeal-PCR in detecting COVID-19. Additional research is required to substantiate the effectiveness of PCR using saliva as an alternative diagnostic option.
Comparison of probiotics and placebo in preventing necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm babies.
Authors: Muhammad Asghar Ali  , Fatima Tuz Zahra  , Zoha Maryam  , Muhammad Anwar  , Asif Javeed
Published: August 2023

Objective: To compare the probiotics with placebo in preventing the necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in preterm newborns. Study Design: Randomized Controlled Trial. Setting: Department of Pediatrics Unit-1, Bahawal Victoria Hospital, Bahawalpur, Pakistan. Period: May 2022 to April 2023. Material & Methods: A total of 92 pre-term neonates with gestational age between 28-32 weeks gestation were included. Patients were randomly assigned to either probiotics or placebo groups (46 in each group). In probiotics group, probiotics named Bifidobacteria (hiflora/gutcare one sachet daily) were given for 5 days while in placebo group, neonates were given placebo for 5 days. All neonates were observed for feeding intolerance, abdominal distension, grossly bloody stools (naked eye blood in stool) and change in colour of skin of abdomen (erythema). Patients having three or more of these features in first 7 days of life were labeled as having NEC. Results: In a total of 92 newborns, maternal age ranged between 18 to 40 years with mean age of 29.30±5.27 years. The mean gestational age was 30.88±2.08 weeks while the mean weight was 2.06±0.71 kg. The NEC was found in 3 (6.52%) neonates in probiotics groups versus 11 (23.9%) in placebo group (p=0.020). In the probiotics group, NEC was found to have significant association with gestational age between 31-32 weeks (p=0.012), spontaneous vaginal delivery (p=0.028) and maternal educational status as educated (p=0.006). In the placebo group, NEC had significant association with birth weight between 1-1.5 kg (p=0.007). Conclusion: This study concluded that probiotics are better in preventing NEC in preterm neonates than placebo.
Frequencies of different vascular etiologies and clinical presentations in post-partum women with suspected stroke.
Authors: Farid ud Din  , Muhammad Akram  , Syed Zain Ul Abidin  , Ghulam Jilani  , Muhammad Waqas Saeed
Published: August 2023

Objective: To determine the frequencies of different vascular etiologies and clinical presentations in post-partum women with suspected stroke. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Department of Medicine, Bahawal Victoria Hospital, Bahawalpur. Period: November 2022 to May 2023. Material & Methods: A total of 117 female patients aged between 18-45 years in post-partum period of 30 days after delivery having clinical diagnosis of suspected stroke were included. All patients were evaluated and clinical presentation and frequency of different vascular etiologies were noted. Results: In 117 women, the mean age was 32.01±5.67 years while 59 (50.4%) women were aged ≤35 years of age. Headache was found in 61 (52.1%), seizures 56 (47.9%), altered consciousness 26 (22.2%) and weakness in 16 (13.7%) patients. Frequencies of different vascular etiologies in post-partum women with suspected stroke were cerebral venous sinus thrombosis in 21 (17.9%), arterial thrombosis 7 (6.0%) and hemorrhagic stroke in 89 (76.1%) patients. Conclusion: Hemorrhagic stroke was the most common vascular etiology whereas headache was the commonest clinical presentation in post-partum women with suspected stroke.
OS ESTUDOS DA NEUROCIÊNCIA E A EDUCAÇÃO
Authors: Carneiro Rafael Jacson da Silva
Published: August 2023

A presente pesquisa intitulada Neurociência e Educação tem como premissa compreender as possíveis contribuições da Neurociência, especificamente das suas contribuições e estudos, nas intervenções que potencializem o processo de ensino-aprendizagem no contexto de Educação. A neurociência no campo da educação apresenta uma compreensão objetiva dos processos mentais, considerando suas estruturas e funcionamento neuroquímico na compreensão do comportamento e questões relacionadas à aprendizagem. Dessa maneira, o presente artigo tem como objetivo compreender a neurociência no campo da educação contribuindo para a melhoria do processo de ensino-aprendizagem. Como discussão em referenciais teóricos, percebeuse que, a Neurociência aliada à prática educacional pode favorecer intervenções diferenciadas, por considerar as especificidades e necessidades do aluno ao promover novas formas de aprendizagem e consequentemente, o favorecimento de práticas em na educação. Se trata de um estudo de revisão bibliográfica com enfoque qualitativo.
Destacou-se o impacto das neurociências no âmbito da educação e sua contribuição para ampliar o conhecimento docente, e como consequência, exigindo reformulações em sua formação e considerando os processos mentais do ponto de vista biológico. Pensar no processo de ensino-aprendizagem a partir do conhecimento neurocientífico refaz o planejamento pedagógico, com o objetivo de planejar aulas capazes de trazer satisfação e motivação aos alunos contribuindo para a produção de neurotransmissores associados ao bem-estar.