bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Planning of scientific and technological development of agricultural organizations
Authors: Lenski A V , Dokin B D , Aletdinova A A
Published: November 2019

In context of realization of scientific and technological development scenarios in agro-industrial sector agricultural organizations should tackle the task of planning their production using various technologies, varying the number of workers and enhancing machine and tractor fleet. This task is solved through linear programming techniques. The authors suggest a computational method for identifying the structure of equipment needed to fulfill the scheduled work in the field. The operating costs for the implementation of all technologies within a certain period of time are the objective function. Our method can be applied in dedicated software to strategically plan the scientific and technological development of agricultural organizations
Improvement of the efficiency of hydraulic power steering
Authors: Byshov N V , Kokorev G D , Uspensky I A , Afinogenov I A
Published: November 2019

The purpose of the study is to increase the reliability of the steering system. The article reflects scientifically based recommendations for improving the design of steering. The research method is theoretical studies performed on the basis of the provisions, laws and methods of theoretical mechanics, hydraulics, heat engineering, power flow theory and mathematical analysis. The article presents the results of theoretical studies on the temperature regimes of a hydraulic power steering (HPS), the results of which establish the analytical relation between the temperature pressure of the working fluid and the efficiency coefficient of the HPS. As a result, knowing the temperature of the working fluid, it is possible to determine the efficiency of the HPS in any of its operating modes. The analysis shows that in order to increase the efficiency of the HPS it is necessary to lower the temperature of the HPS working fluid. To this end, a device is developed aimed at improving the efficiency of the cooling fluid in the power steering and allowing increasing the efficiency of the HPS.
Analysis of functioning of potato-terminal technological system based on probability-statistical approach
Authors: Ovchinnikova N , Kosareva A , Bonnet V
Published: November 2019

The process of harvesting potatoes with transport support is considered as the functioning of the potato-harvesting technological system consisting of the subsystems: person (P), machine (M), environment (E) and transport (T). The evaluation of the functioning of the system was carried out according to the developed methodology, based on a probabilistic-statistical approach, using the theory of Markov random processes and correlation and regression analysis. The applied method of time-keeping observations of the work of the potato harvester (tractor MTZ-80 + KPK-2-01) made it possible to carry out element-by-element analysis of the temporal characteristics of healthy and inoperable system states. According to the obtained statistics of the balance of the shift time, some regularity is established between the parameters of the system under consideration. The results of the research can be used to identify reserves for improving the functioning of potato technological systems, as well as to develop measures to reduce unproductive time spent in performing operational, technical, technological and organizational operations for harvesting potatoes.
Improvement of sausage production technology
Authors: Danyliv M M , Vasilenko O A , Ozherelyeva O N , Shestakova Yu A
Published: November 2019

The article presents the results of research on the use of the commercial drug Psyllium in boiled sausage technology, in order to inhibit the possible residual amount of antibiotics. Based on the data of the indicator changes, the optimal dosage was determined, which amounted to 2% of the weight of the main raw material, while maintaining the moisture-binding, water-holding, and fat-holding capacity at 78.85, 85.68, and 80.11%, respectively, and emulsifying ability and stability of the emulsion at 60.12 and 53.48%, respectively. Experimental tests have allowed us to design the recipes of boiled sausages enriched with the biologically active additive Psyllium with high mass fraction of protein (from 12.5 to 15.8%) and low fat content (from 17.2 to 27.3%) compared to the ones presented in the market. It was demonstrated that inhibition of the antibiotic activity is manifested when the biologically active additive Psyllium is introduced into the recipes of boiled sausages at the concentration of 2% of the weight of raw materials.
Operating properties of the coating, depending on the composition during plasma-chemical modification
Authors: Bondarenko D O , Strokova V V
Published: November 2019

Compositions of protective and decorative coatings on the basis of a mixture of high alumina refractory, liquid glass and dyeing salts of metals are developed. The color of the coatings depends on the type of dyeing salt and the concentration of the aqueous solution. Data on the effect of the composition on the operational properties of vitreous coatings obtained by the method of plasma-chemical modification are presented. The increased content of aluminium and silicon oxides provides an improvement in a number of characteristics such as microhardness, heat resistance, water resistance and acid resistance, which are essential in the formation of protective and decorative coating. It is established that at the rate of plasma jet passage up to 15 mm/s a protective-decorative coating with uniform texture is formed, at the rate of plasma jet passage 20 mm/s and more the coating represents a hilly surface with separate and congested deformed drops of frozen melt.
The effect of probiotic Vetom 2 on the microbial intestinal landscape in calves after antibiotic therapyThe effect of probiotic Vetom 2 on the microbial intestinal flora in calves after antibiotic therapy
Authors: Elenshleger A A , Lelak A I , Nozdrin G A , Trebukhov A B
Published: November 2019

Intestinal microflora is directly and actively involved in ensuring the constancy of the internal environment of the microorganism. Disruption of the normal composition of the microflora of the gastrointestinal tract is accompanied by the development of dysbacteriosis. The most important role in restoring the normal intestinal microbiocenosis belongs to bacterial probiotic preparations. The aim of our study was to study the effect of Vetom 2 on the microbial intestinal landscape in calves after antibiotic therapy. Studies were conducted in AO Uchkhoz Prigorodnoye on calves of black pied breed. Five groups of 5 calves each were formed: healthy calves, calves with dyspepsia before antibiotic therapy, calves with dyspepsia during antibiotic therapy, calves after completing antibiotic therapy who did not receive Vetom 2, calves receiving Vetom 2 after completing antibiotic therapy. Feces of calves of all groups were bacteriologically investigated on the content of Escherichia, Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, Salmonella, Pseudomonas aeruginosa. We found that in animals of all experimental groups, the microbial landscape of the intestine is not the same. In diseased calves, before antibiotic therapy, the number of opportunistic microorganisms is much higher relative to the group of healthy animals. During treatment, these figures decrease. The number of conditionally pathogenic microorganisms in calves treated with Vetom 2 during rehabilitation after the end of antibiotic therapy was lower—unlike in the group of calves that did not receive Vetom 2 during rehabilitation—as a result of suppression of growth and development of conditionally pathogenic microorganisms in the intestines of calves after antibiotic therapy by bacterial strains included in Vetom 2.
Clinical and biochemical aspects of acetonemia (Ketosis) of dairy cows
Authors: Trebukhov A V , Elenschleger A A
Published: November 2019

The research goal was to study the dependence of ketosis syndrome severity of cows on the ketone body level in their blood. Ketotic cows were subjected to clinical and biochemical tests. Biochemical blood tests determined the following: total ketone bodies (TKB), beta-hydroxybutyric acid (BHB), acetoacetic acid and acetone (AcAc), BHB/AcAc ratio, glucose and alkaline reserve. It has been found that bovine ketosis occurs as acetonemic syndrome (65% of cases), gastroenteric syndrome (21%), and hepatotoxic syndrome (14%). The comparison of the ketone body levels and ketosis syndromes has revealed that the acetonemic syndrome is accompanied by the greatest TKB and BHB/AcAc ratio values. The gastroenteric syndrome is accompanied by intermediate TKB, BHB and AcAc values, and the minimum levels of glucose and alkaline reserve. The hepatotoxic syndrome is accompanied by the minimum TKB and BHB/AcAc ratio values, and the greatest glucose and alkaline reserve levels as compared to the other syndromes.
New approaches in the study and adjustment of sperm quality in breeding roosters
Authors: Novikova M V , Lebedeva I A , Byuler A V
Published: November 2019

The article describes the results of studies of rooster sperm production using the latest methods of study, previously not used on the bird to diagnose sperm defects. In the production of poultry meat, the very important criterion of success is the productivity and health of the parent flock. The number one challenge for broiler production is to get a broiler chicken from a fertilized hatching egg.
The elemental composition of various biosubstrates of productive horses
Authors: Kalashnikova T V , Blohina N V , Gavrilicheva I S
Published: November 2019

The study of the elemental composition of biosubstrates of horses of heavy breeds in the system blood-milk-wool was undertaken. The average values of the exchange pool of 6 toxic (aluminum, arsenic, cadmium, mercury, lead, tin) and 13 essential elements (calcium, potassium, manganese, sodium, phosphorus, cobalt, chromium, copper, iron, iodine, magnesium, selenium and zinc) in the body of lactating horses were determined. Comparison of the concentration of toxic elements in various horse nutrient depots showed a significant positive correlation with individual essential nutrients.
Theoretical approaches to the concept of human capital in agriculture
Authors: Karpova T , Muravieva M
Published: November 2019

The article deals with the concept of human capital, the fundamental distinctive aspects of human capital, the definition of human capital. Strengthening food security of the country is impossible without identifying imperfections in the systems of labor motivation of economic entities of the second sphere of agriculture. Agricultural production urgently needs to develop a set of such measures, as it is the most vulnerable to crises. In this regard, the analysis of existing methods of stimulating the effective use of labor resources was carried out and new, more advanced methods of improving the efficiency of human capital in agricultural enterprises were developed. The proposed methods of effective use of human capital can be recommended for implementation in agricultural enterprises. They will increase the profitability of production by enhancing human resources and sustainable productivity growth, as well as more efficient use of fixed and current assets.
Forecasting the use of enhanced oil recovery methods in oilfields of Bashkortostan
Authors: Andreev V E , Chizhov A P , Chibisov A V , Sh Mukhametshin V
Published: November 2019

Today oil and gas complex in Bashkortostan is characterized by a deterioration in the quality of raw material base, which is associated with a significant degree of highly productive fields. It is a long-term operation, resource increment due to the discovery of fields unconventional oil, which are confined to low-permeable and weakly thick reservoirs oil deposits with extensive underwater gas and waterfowl zones. At the current stage of unconventional oil development of Bashkortostan oilfields, the urgent tasks are to study the experience of their development; identify peculiarities of the influence of geological and technological factors on the development efficiency of productive layers reserves; geological and commercial substantiation of various methods for enhanced oil recovery. The classification of development objects is based on the methods of mathematical statistics. Recommendations to improve the impact effectiveness on residual and unconventional oil reserves are based on the criteria-based analysis of enhanced oil recovery. The paper describes characteristics of reservoir systems and results of object grouping for oilfields development in Bashkortostan. Taking into account the established criteria for effective use of enhanced oil recovery and geological and field conditions of selected groups of objects with similar characteristics, there are some recommendations to increase the efficiency of oil recovery with targeted formation effects technologies.
Upper Jurassic subsalt complex of the Terek-Caspian trough due to oil and gas content
Authors: Kh Bachaeva T , Daukaev A A , Kerimov I A , Shaipov A A
Published: November 2019

The article considers a complex of factors determining the oil and gas content of the Upper Jurassic subsalt deposits of the Terek-Caspian trough. The potential resources of hydrocarbons are associated primarily with the zones of the Nazran and Harbizhsk saddles, the western end of the Terek and Sunzhensk and Soviet-Right-Bank anticlinal zones. Synclinal and near-side zones are assigned to zones with unexplained oil and gas potential, where it is recommended to conduct regional geophysical studies in conjunction with parametric drilling.
Special aspects of assessing hazard to public health while monitoring the negative impact of solid municipal waste landfills
Authors: Kirilchuk I O , Besedin A V , Timofeev G P , Iordanova A V
Published: November 2019

The present study considers the negative impact of solid municipal waste landfills on the environment and public health. It also assesses hazard to public health caused by the impact of solid municipal waste landfill emissions (by the example of a solid household landfill in the city of Kursk). We have carried out four interrelated stages of research work during the implementation of public health hazard assessment of the municipal waste landfill under study: hazard identification, assessment of dose-response relationship, exposure assessment, and risk characterization. At each stage, we assessed uncertainties that might affect the completeness and accuracy of final conclusions and recommendations. A particular attention was paid to some specific uncertainties that are due to the peculiarities of waste landfills’ operation. These uncertainties can have a significant impact on the results of the study, especially in terms of emissions’ quantitative composition. Thus, despite the fact that the risk level of the solid municipal waste landfill under study was assessed as low, the authors propose the introduction of a degassing system at the solid municipal waste landfill in Kursk. The application of this system will eliminate the release of biogas into the atmosphere, reduce the load on the air and reliably decrease hazard to public health caused by the impact of the landfill.
Phytomonitoring of woody plants in the urban agglomeration
Authors: Seraya L G , Larina G E , Griboedova O G , Petrov A V , Zhukov F F
Published: November 2019

Phytomonitoring including mycological studies with information about plant pathogens, etc., is required to develop strategic directions for maintaining green spaces in urban agglomeration. Mycological analysis of the aerial part and roots of urban tree plants can be used to determine the composition and structures of microbial-plant associations in visually healthy and affected plants. The relevance of these works is due to rapid development of diseases and pests and their active distribution in close proximity to city residents. In coniferous and deciduous plants with symptomatic lesions (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst., Pinus spp., Quercus robur L., Tilia spp.), the species diversity of micromycetes in the phylloplane and rhizosphere decreased by 21–38% compared to visually healthy plants. It was suggested using the following micromycetes as marker organisms for assessing the soil fungistasis of artificial bicenoses and the state of coniferous trees: Dicoccum sp., Fusarium moniliforme J. Sheld., Fusarium culmorum. Perennial urban plants require improvement of the above-ground part using foliar fertilizers and phytostimulants, bioprotection tools, humates, mycorrhizal preparations, destructors of organic compounds of roots and adjacent lawns. The prospects of phytomonitoring of old-growing trees were emphasized. Reconstruction and enhancement of their resistance to aggressive environments require complex works.
Development of a statistical forecast model to improve accuracy based on statistical analysis of weather historical data for the Kalmyk region
Authors: Goryaev V M , Kazakova G Y , Bembitov D B , Dzhakhnaeva E N , Sangadjieva E V
Published: November 2019

The article presents the main assumption that the averaging and smoothing models for the time series of meteorological data are local-stationary with slowly varying values. Accordingly, to estimate the current average, a local average was chosen, which was used to forecast for the near future and can be considered as a compromise between the average model and the random walk model (without drift). The same strategy can be used to evaluate and extrapolate a local trend. Average monthly values of temperature, humidity and pressure for the period from January 1928 to December 2018 were used as initial data at 4 synoptic stations. Comparative statistics on dependencies and forecasts are given. The selected method — a moving average — is often referred to as a smoothed version of the original series, since short-term averaging in a given window has the effect of smoothing irregularities in the desired series. The objective of the study was to adjust the degree of smoothing for the moving average, as an optimal balance between the performance of averaging models and the simplicity of the random walk model or between quality and cost. The task was solved on the basis of the software implementation of the SARIMA model, which required a lengthy adjustment of the initial data and significant manipulations with time series, however, in the end, a successful model was selected.
The genesis of the Mesozoic alkaline intrusions of the Khokhoi ore field (Upper Amga gold-mining district, Aldan Shield, North Asian Craton)
Authors: Ivanov Alexey , Kravchenko Alexander , Loskutov Evgeny , Kondratieva Larisa , Zhuravlev Anatolii , Ivanov Michil
Published: November 2019

The article discusses petrography and features of the chemical composition of the Mesozoic alkaline intrusions of the Khokhoi ore field located within the Upper Amga gold-mining district in the Aldan Shield. This gold-mining district is located in the Aldan-Stanovoy Province rich in gold. Tectonic position and magmatic events of this Province are close to those positions and events of Shandong Gold Province of Sino-Korean Craton. The investigation of the genesis of the magmatic rocks and comparison of the Provinces can shed light on the genesis and regularity of location of the gold deposits in them. Intrusions of the Upper Amga gold-mining district passed through the metamorphic rocks of the Precambrian and intruded into the Cambrian carbonate rocks and the Jurassic sandstones. Petrographic observations found that large intrusive massifs of the ore field consist mainly of potassic feldspar and plagioclase. Mineral composition, structure and texture of the rocks correspond to syenite and monzonite. Blocks of melanocratic rocks – presumably tephrites are rare on the surface. Several generations of feldspar and dark-colored minerals are observed within all these rocks, indicating melt fractionation. High Sr and K contents were identified in the rocks. Contents decrease in the series of tephrite-syenite-monzonite. This feature, judging by other petrochemical data, can be associated not only with magmatic differentiation, but also with the melting and interaction of the lithosphere. In sienites, ovoids of quartz and the first-generation potassic feldspar melting margin were found. It could be possibly resulted from the capture of surrounding rock material and changes in the thermodynamic conditions of crystallization. It is found out that potassium and silicon contents in rocks depend inversely on calcium content. Interaction of melts and the host carbonate rocks with removal of silicon and potassium and formation of gold-bearing sericite-quartz and feldspar-quartz metasomatites is assumed. The loss of potassium probably has led to potassium metasomatism at the contacts of intrusions. This metasomatism produced the gold ores.
Factors Influencing Rock Burst Hazard in Deep Copper Ore Mine, SW Poland
Authors: Gogolewska Anna Barbara , Strzeszynska Jagoda
Published: November 2019

In underground mines of copper ores, which are situated in Lower Silesia in SW Poland, the most common and dangerous threats pose seismic tremors and rock bursts. Copper ore exploitation is carried out in three mines, which are owned by KGHM Polish Copper JSC, i.e. Lubin mine, Rudna mine and Polkowice-Sieroszowice mine. Despite many rock burst preventive operations carried out over several decades of mining activity and aimed at counteracting seismic dynamic events, these phenomena have not been eliminated. The applied rock burst prevention measures only limit or mitigate the effects of seismic events. In mining, a concept of seismicity is used, which is defined as the tendency of an intact rock mass to seismic tremors induced by mining work in an area that was previously aseismic. Tremors and their results i.e. rock bursts affect not only excavations and underground infrastructure, but also the terrain surface. In the KGHM’s mines, seismic activity is monitored by the Mining Geophysics Stations. The number, coordinates and energy of tremors and rock bursts are registered, which helps determine the rock mass reaction to the adopted system and operation technology. The main purpose of the paper is to analyse seismic dynamic phenomena damaging mining excavations, i.e. rock bursts, in the Lubin mine, which took place from the beginning of the mine’s operation in 1975 to 2016 (over 41 years) and to identify and investigate geological and mining factors (parameters) facilitating the growth of seismic and rock burst hazards. The following factors (parameters) favourable for the occurrence of dynamic phenomena with damaging effects in excavations were taken into consideration: the seismic activity of the rock mass (spontaneous and provoked tremors), the deposit depth and thickness, geomechanical properties of rocks, exploitation systems, the method of elimination of mined-out space, the occurrence of gobs, tectonic disturbances and the life time of excavations. The results of the observation of selected parameters made it possible to determine the causes of rock bursts as well as to evaluate the impact of the exploitation system including the technology and rock burst prevention on seismic and rock burst hazard. Moreover, seismic activity of the mining division with the highest number and energy of rock bursts was analysed. The effectiveness of rock burst prevention measures used in this division was assessed too. The results of the analyses indicated some interdependencies between factors that may affect the phenomena discussed.
Analysis of implementation conditions under difficult geotechnical conditions using the SWOT analysis
Authors: Gajzler Marcin , Nowotarski Piotr
Published: November 2019

Difficult and complex geological conditions are often an obstacle to the efficient implementation of construction works related to the erection of objects, in particular, earthworks and foundations. In the event of an additional occurrence of adverse weather conditions, there may be a delay in the final effect of the work and exceeding the construction costs. The article presents the stage of the implementation case in which these factors were compiled. The SWOT analysis was an element helpful in analyzing the situation and also allowing to make decisions regarding implementation. Through this analysis, the contractor identified the possible activities, including opportunities and strengths, which allowed for the development of a scenario. This is important because the lack of action would cause even greater delays and financial losses than those already existing.
Impact of Biochar on Soil Temperature
Authors: Gliniak Maciej , Sikora Jakub , Sadowska Urszula , Klimek-Kopyra Agnieszka , Latawiec Agnieszka , Kubon Maciej
Published: November 2019

The aim of this paper was to investigate the relation of temperature of the soil surface to a biochar dose used in the field cultivation. Material from observations in a vegetation season of 2018 was used in the studies. Based on the research that was carried out it was reported that the strongest relations of the temperature of air with the temperature of soil occurred for all biochar doses. In summer, relations of biochar to the soil temperature were stable and statistically significant.
Response of the Diatom Flora of the Hel Peninsula Vicinity, Puck Bay, Baltic Sea, to Anthropopressure
Authors: Hetko Dominika , Pedzinski Jaroslaw , Witak Malgorzata
Published: November 2019

The subject of this study was the diatom taphocoenoses preserved in the surface sediments of the northern part of Puck Bay, southern Baltic Sea. Three subbotom sedimentary cores ZP1/0518, ZP2/0518 and ZP3/0414 collected in the vicinity of the Hel Peninsula from a water depth of 65 m, 47 m and 50.2 m, respectively were analyzed with respect to diatom flora. Over 500 valves of diatoms were counted in each sample in order to estimate the percentage abundance of particular taxa. Habitat, salinity, trophy and saproby requirements of all identified species were established according to literature. The percentage content of distinguished ecological groups was counted in each core. Diatomological analysis indicates that the diatom flora observed in muddy and silty sediments of the study area was generally abundant, taxonomically diverse and well preserved. However, some valves were mechanically broken or/and chemically destroyed. In all cores anthropogenic assemblage with small sized planktic diatoms tolerating higher nutrient and pollution concentration as well as lower transparency of water column predominated. The most important components were euhalobous species Thalassiosira levanderi and mesohalobous one Cyclotella choctawhatcheeana. Both species achieved the highest frequency (up to ca. 80% and 38%, respectively) in core ZP1/0518. Other eutraphentic, α/β mesosaprobous taxa belonged to oligohalobous halophilous (Actinocyclus normanii f. subsalsa, Cyclotella atomus, C. meneghiniana) and oligohalobous indifferent (A. normanii f. normanii, Cyclostephanos dubius, Aulacoseira spp.) were observed rarely. Benthos was also dominated by diatoms preferring the high content of nutrients and organic matter. This group was represented by marine/brackish-water taxa (i.e. Catenula adhaerens, Cocconeis hauniensis, C. scutellum, Diploneis didyma, D. smithii, D. stroemii, Opephora krumbeinii) and freshwater ones (i.e. Amphora copulata, A. pediculus, Cocconeis neodiminuta, C. neothumensis). Our results clearly indicate the apparent human impact on the structure of the diatom flora in the northern part of the Puck Bay. At least two sources of anthropopressure can be determined in the vicinity of Hel Peninsula i.e. (1) at a local scale harbor in Hel city and municipal sewage linked to development of tourism, and (2) at a regional scale the Vistula River waters, which is the major source of pollution in the Gulf of Gdańsk.
Evaluation of the Solar Radiation in a Seismic Zone
Authors: Toader Victorin-Emilian , Biagi P. F. , Moldovan Iren-Adelina , Marmureanu Alexandru , Mihai Andrei
Published: November 2019

The solar radiation affects the life on Earth and it is important in meteorology, climatology, solar energy, agriculture, hydrology and seismology, too. The Sun warms the earth which reflects a part of the energy. An effect of tectonic stress increases the ground temperature that is radiated into the atmosphere. We study the possibility to use the variation of reflected energy in correlation with seismicity, radon concentration, CO2 emission, ULF radio waves, telluric currents, air ionization, temperature in borehole and acoustic noise. In this case, the solar radiation is a precursor factor. This research is important to study the effects of climate change. Analyzing the solar energy budget we find information about the atmosphere: aerosols, ozone, sulfur dioxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen dioxide and pollution. Our multidisciplinary network (AeroSolSys) monitors Vrancea, a Romanian area characterized by deep earthquakes. For this study, we use two stations, Plostina and Vrancioaia, where we have a net radiometer and a pyranometer. The first sensor includes two pyranometers (up and low) and two pyrgeometers (up and low), a Pt-100 and a Thermistor. The spectral range covers both the Solar Radiation, 0.3 to 3 micrometers, and the Far Infrared Radiation, 4.5 to 42 micrometers. In this case, we measure and determine the temperature of sensor necessary for pyrgeometers, pyranometer short-wave radiation up and low EyU - EyL, pyrgeometers long-wave radiation up and low EgU - EgL, Albedo, net solar radiation NSR, net far infrared radiation NFIR, net total radiation NTR, sky temperature SkyT and, land surface temperature LST. In Vrancioaia, we have a pyranometer with range 0.3 – 2.8 micrometers and maxim 1600 W/m2. Two video cameras monitor the sky and the measurements are correlated with meteorological equipment installed in each location. We use information about solar activity from NOAA satellites and Copernicus CAMS. The humidity of ground is important in energy budget and it is estimated from meteorological data and telluric currents. The interval of analysis is 3 hours, between 2016.01.01 – 2018.05.31. It is difficult to notice the effect of tectonic stress since the daily and seasonal variations of solar radiation are high but global warming is obvious. Solar radiation monitoring helps us to understand other phenomena like radon emission or air ionization.
An Algorithm for Determining Unloading Cycles in Dump Truck
Authors: Kozlowski Tomasz , Michalak Anna , Zimroz Radoslaw , Sliwinski Pawel , Kaniewski Tomasz
Published: November 2019

In copper ore deep mines of KGHM Polska Miedၺ S.A., the first stage of the transport department is to deliver the spoil to the screen. This stage is carried out by self-propelled mining machines. Transport can be done in two ways: by loaders or loaders cooperating with dump trucks. The amount of dump truck cycles during a single work shift can be used as indicators of a machine and operator performance evaluation. In order to increase the mining potential, it is necessary to continuously acquire and analyze information on work efficiency. The ability to synthesize the obtained data and case-study the relationship between them allows deepening knowledge of industrial processes and supports decision-making. Dump trucks used in the KGHM copper ore mines are equipped with a self-unloading mechanism. The paper describes a developed method and described an algorithm for segmenting signals coming from a dump truck with a self-unloading crate. The operation of the algorithm has been verified on data from a machine operated by several operators, taking into account various operational events.
Variations in the Geoelectric Properties of the Rock Masses as a Result of the Seismic Effects of Industrial Explosions
Authors: Grib Nicolay N. , Uzbekov A.N. , Imaev V.S. , Grib G.V. , Abetov A.E.
Published: November 2019

In order to obtain some clarity in the matter of assessing the seismic effects from industrial explosions of the state rock massif. Variations of the electrical properties of rock mass before and after explosions were studied by electro tomography. The monitoring studies on the experimental profile selected across the strike one of the regional faults that cut across the career field of the Neryungri was conducted. Observations were made before the explosion, immediately after the explosion, and subsequent observations at intervals of one hour. The electrical resistance increases in the rock mass of tectonic disturbance on the geological structure, which located on the side of the explosion. The electrical resistance decreases in the fault zone, some changes in the electrical resistance of the hanging geological structure. It has been found that the spatial orientation of the fracturing of the rock mass affects the pattern of change in the geoelectric properties of the rock mass. The electrical properties changes in the rock mass from the location of the explosion block in concern to the direction of fracture of the rock mass. In the case when the front of the blast wave propagates along the strike of fractures, the fractures open and the intensity of moisture migration increases significantly, which involve a significant decrease in electrical resistance not only in the zone of tectonic disturbance but also in the underlying geological structure. When the wave front propagates perpendicularly to the stretch of rock mass fractures, cracks also close and moisture migration along the cracks caused by changes in the stress-strain state of the rock mass, is not significant, which is reflected in a slight change in the geoelectric properties of the rock mass in the section of the profile under study.
Mafic Volcanic and Subvolcanic Rocks from the Yüksekova Complex in the İçme-Kesikköprü Province (East of Elaziğ, Eastern Turkey): Whole-Rock Geochemistry and Confocal Raman Spectroscopy Characterization
Authors: Ural Melek , Deniz Kiymet , Sayit Kaan
Published: November 2019

The Late Cretaceous Yüksekova Complex within the southeastern Anatolia orogenic belt consists of mafic volcanic and subvolcanic rocks representing oceanic crustal products, which are the main focus of this study. The studied mafic lithologies from the İçme-Kesikköprü province east of Elaziğ are characterized by a primary mineral assemblage of olivine, pyroxene, and plagioclase, and mainly display porphyric, intergranular, intersertal, vesicular, and amygdaloidal textures. Based on Raman peak positions, the pyroxenes of these mafic lithologies from Aşaği Igme, Pirimezartepe and Yolüstü were determined as augite. The studied mafic rocks are chemically classified as basalt and display tholeiitic-calc-alkaline transitional characteristics. In spider diagrams, they show prominent negative Nb anomalies, while their chondrite-normalized rare earth element patterns are LREE-depleted to almost horizontal [(La/Sm)N: 0.54-1.42, (La/Lu)N: 0.54-1.85]. The immobile trace element systematics suggests that these mafic volcanic and subvolcanic rocks have originated from a metasomatized mantle source fluxed by slab-derived fluids/melts. Overall geochemical features are consistent with their generation in an oceanic arc environment.
The surface wave attenuation as the effect of vibratory compaction of building embankments
Authors: Herbut Aneta , Khairutdinov Marat M. , Kongar-Syuryun Cheynesh , Rybak Jarosław
Published: November 2019

There are two different sources of dynamic effects observed on buildings and structures - natural phenomena and human activities. Both may be related to the mining production or civil engineering construction. Ground vibrations induced by human activities characterize much lower intensity compared to the natural phenomena like earthquakes. However, due to the high urban development and sustainable development ideas, preventing the destructive effect of man-made vibrations belongs to the most important problems considering the structure and soil dynamics. Construction activities, road and railway traffic, and operation of machines, including crushing of spoil material (debris) from demolition works are the main categories in the classification of human activities which can generate ground vibrations. This paper takes a special interest in the first of the factors mentioned above. It is evident that the main construction or demolition activities causing dynamic problems in close proximity of structures are caused by pile or sheet pile driving and dynamic soil compaction by means of vibratory rollers or impulse compactors; as well as by demolition of structures, rock excavation and soil deep compaction by explosives. The vibration monitoring process needed to prevent structures from damage is described by various standards. They give particular criteria depending on various technologies and construction materials. The reduction of man-made ground vibrations is now the crucial scope of interest due to the need for sustainable technologies implementation. The negative environmental impact may be reduced at the source. Some new specialized methods are also proposed for minimizing the vibration transmission with the use of an active generator. The aim of the presented paper is to describe the modelling of dynamic vibratory soil compaction, using finite element method. The presented solution is addressed to short time vibration, generated by geotechnical works. This conclusion can be helpful by panning geotechnical works in the neighbourhood of vibration sensitive buildings/structures.
Correlation between Electrical Resistivity and Suction for Unsaturated Coastal Saline Soil
Authors: Fang Li , Shulin Sun , Deheng Zhang
Published: November 2019

An experimental research on joint application of engineering-geological and geophysical measurements is presented in this paper. Experimental results obtained from the filter paper method and four electrode resistivity measurements were presented to characterize unsaturated saline soil samples collected in a test area in Lian Yungang City (in Jiangsu Province), which aimed at defining both soil suction and electrical resistivity curves versus water content at different salt contents. From the matching of the experimental data, the relationships between electrical resistivity and suctions were retrieved for the investigated soil. It was concluded that suctions increase with the increase of electrical resistivity and the increase of soil salt content. The outcomes of the study would provide proper understanding about the influence of physical characteristics of unsaturated soils on their electrical responses.
Translucent Concrete
Authors: Covaleov Georgia Alexandra
Published: November 2019

Reinforced concrete was invented and developed simultaneously by several people in the mid-nineteenth century. Besides versions “classical” fiber reinforced concrete (by using steel bars, whatever “style” of them), there are new ways to further concrete strength. Transparent concretes (translucent) are gaining much ground in the construction of West Europe. “Light Transmitting Concrete” is a concrete-like product, which is translucent due to the mixture of fiber glass, plus a combination of finely divided crushed stone, cement and water. After the strengthening of composition, blocks of various shapes are obtained with features of concrete and glass. Transparent concrete is a translucent material created by the combination of concrete and thousands of optical fiber wires acting as fillers.
The influence of micro silica on the compaction properties of cemented sand
Authors: Shooshpasha I , Hasanzadeh A , Kharun M
Published: November 2019

In this experimental research, a series of standard Proctor compaction tests have been performed to explore the effect of micro silica on the compaction properties of cemented sand. The cement contents were 3, 5 and 7% and micro silica contents were 0, 0.25, 0.5 and 1% by weight of dry sand. The results showed that micro silica particles increase maximum dry unit weight of sand-cement mixtures and decrease their optimum moisture content. The results of Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images confirmed the results of compaction tests and indicated that micro silica can effectively fill the pores of sand-cement mixtures which can lead to creation of a cement-treated sand mixture with compact microstructure.
Features of concrete creep numerical modeling in the calculation of building structures
Authors: Sidorov V N , Nowak K
Published: November 2019

The paper presents a study and justification of the concrete creep computational model for use in computer calculations of concrete and reinforced concrete structures of arbitrary complexity, with a possible change in the intensity of the current load over time. The computational model is based on the generalized Maxwell-Wiechert model of the viscoelastic material. The model was verified on the basis of data from experimental studies of concrete creep, was justified and calibrated in accordance with the requirements of regulatory documents for calculations of concrete and reinforced concrete structures, taking into account the material creep. The paper focuses on the situation where the creep of the material leads to a dangerous change in the structural scheme of a building, which in turn can cause its destruction. Verification of the creep computational model and calculation of structures using the selected computational model was carried out in the SIMULIA Abaqus software environment.
Formation of architectural objects for extreme habitat conditions in the context of innovative paradigms
Authors: Saprykina N A
Published: November 2019

Article is devoted to an actual problem of defining features of architectural objects and their construction for extreme habitat conditions in the context of innovative paradigms. The purpose of article is to consider approaches to dealing with the creation of the artificial habitat environment for extreme conditions, uses to ensure the safety of the existence of technological innovation of the future. It has been established that depending on natural conditions distinguish areas of very extreme conditions, requiring the need to protect the person from the surrounding aggressive environment. A leading approach to the study of the problem based on the search for new, including innovative solutions, home and life-support systems, making full use of technical innovation and creative development of advanced technologies. As a result of research defined the features of construction for each extreme region, and also identify specific requirements for the design of artificial environment. Materials can be useful to the theory and practice of forming the space habitat not only for extreme, but for normal conditions as opens completely new possibilities in architecture and construction.
Protection of pipeline systems from water hammer using oscillatory circuits
Authors: Rekach F V , Shambina S L , Belousov Yu V
Published: November 2019

The issues related to reduction of the amplitude of high pressure waves in long pipes are relevant in connection with the danger of failure of some hydraulic system’s sections. The article deals with the reduction of high pressure by simultaneous separation of fluid flow for long hydraulic systems. Numerical experiments are carried out in order to identify the most cost-effective dimensions of the equipment, as well as the most profitable in terms of energy damping locations of this equipment.
New data on mineral complexes of the Turgoyak limestone deposit (South Ural)
Authors: Georgievskiy A F , Bugina V M , Yu Rogova O , Georgievskiy A A
Published: November 2019

The main purpose of the research was to ascertain additional development potential of the oldest mining plant in the Southern Urals - the Turgoyak limestone deposit (Miass District, Chelyabinsk region, South Ural). An additional site dike survey work and mineral veins enclosed in carbonate rock strata and overlapping Low Devonian jasperoid rock was carried out. The main purpose of that exploration was a detailed study of the chemical and mineral composition of both dikes and host rock and their secondary alterations. In addition to photographic documentation and mapping, an interrelation between dikes and veins and theirs contacts was determined. Also the connection with them of newly formed sulfide and other secondary minerals was detected (recorded). Subsequently rock and mineral samples were analyzed by microscopic methods, X-ray diffraction and X-ray phase analysis, X-ray fluorescence analysis by RLP-3-01 device, a DRON-7 diffractometer, and a DELTA Premium portable spectrometer. Those investigations resulted in establishment of silicate and calcareous skarns, spatially associated with diabase dikes at the Turgoyak flux limestone deposit. In addition to the skarns, vein polymineral bodies were recorded there. The most interesting of those are carbonate-quartz-axinitic and axinitic ones. The veins of this composition contain superimposed post-skarn sulfide mineralization, with signs of increased gold content. Given the development at the deposit of the dyke complex and the skarns forming on it, it is possible to forecast the existence of a granitoid intrusion in deep horizons that can generate industrial ore mineralization.
The effect of cyclic heat treatment on the structure of 5140 steel after cold plastic deformation
Authors: Yu Malkova M , Zadiranov A N , Abu-Mahadi M I , Dkhar P
Published: November 2019

The objective of this work are experimental research of steel 5140 damages appearance under cold plastic deformation and healing continuity defects characteristic study by following periodic heat treatment. The experimental research of deformation defects continuity appearance in steel 5140 with the granular and lamellar perlit under cold plastic deformation in dependence to original structure was conducted. The deformation defects appearance pattern in steel, their growth in dependence to degree of deformation, microstructure and capacity for healing in the process of cold forging are seemed to be pertinent are explored. It was concluded, that at early deformation stages independently of perlit morphology in steel 5140 the damage is related to micropore appearance in ferrite. The possibility of defects healing by periodic heat treatment is found out. For damage changes studying in the process of cold plastic deformation and healing heat treatment the following experimental design was used: the preliminary periodic heat treatment – deformation with varying degrees – healing periodic heat treatment – deformation up to failure. The periodic heat treatment with phase recrystallization is shown to bring about more full healing damages in comparison with recrystallization annealing. Herewith the microdefects critical size increases up to 2 micrometers, and invertible damage stage extend to 0.4.
The effects of operational thermal cycling on mechanical and magnetic properties of structural steels
Authors: Zaya Kyaw , Paing Thet , Kornilova A V
Published: November 2019

This article shows the experimental results of the operational thermal cycling modeling of structural carbon steels with temperature range from the point of phase transition of type II cementite to the beginning of phase transformations of steel. In this study the influence of temperature that the number of thermal cycles and the histogram of temperature loading on the magnetic and mechanical properties of the steels were investigated. The possibilities of controlling the residual life of the elements, which are subjected to thermal cycling on changing the magnetic properties of metal, were determined. The functional dependence of the coercive force and hardness on the number of thermal cycles at a given temperature is obtained.