bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Valutazione della riserva contrattile del ventricolo sinistro in atleti con ridotta funzione sistolica
Authors: Serdoz Andrea , Di Giacinto Barbara , Maestrini Viviana , Lemme Erika , Mango Ruggiero , Di Paolo Fernando M. , Ferrara Roberto , Egisto Giuseppe , Spataro Antonio , Pelliccia Antonio
Published: April 2021

Background: In daily practice, distinguishing between the physiological cardiac remodeling in athletes, characterized by en-largement of the left ventricle (LV), from the initial stages of dilated cardiomyopathy, may be challenging, particularly in pres-ence of a mild reduction of systolic function. Aims: Aim of the study was to evaluate the contractile reserve of the LV with the stress (exercise) echocardiography in athletes with reduced ejection fraction (EF) at rest. Methods: The study population comprised 27 elite athletes (26 M and 1 F) - mean age: 25 ± 5 years, with a mildly reduced LV sys-tolic function (EF ≥ 45, < 55%). The athletes underwent a exercise echocardiogram, in an upright position, until exhaustion. During the test, LV images were acquired from the apical 4 and 2 chambers views, from rest to peak of the effort, and the EF was (with the Simpson biplane method) and stroke volume (SV) were calculated. Data were analyzed independently by two operators. Results: Athletes showed an increase in EF (ΔEF = 19.1 ± 4.7%), from the baseline value of 51.3 ± 2.1% to 70.5 ± 4.6% at the peak of the effort. The increase in the SV at the peak of the effort (ΔSV) was 20.3 ± 12.4 ml, suggestive for a preserved contractile reserve of the LV. Conclusions: In athletes with a mild reduction of LVEF at rest (FE ≥ 45, < 55%) evaluation of systolic function during exercise with a stress echocardiogram is advisable. The increase in EF by 19% and SV by 20 ml characterize the LV response to exercise in athletes otherwise free of cardiac or systemic disease and may represent a useful criterion in the differential diagnosis between the athlete's heart and dilated cardiomyopathy.
Assembly Instructions for colosseum v1
Authors: Booeshaghi Sina , Kil Yeokyoung , Hoi Min Kyung , Gehring Jase , Pachter Lior
Published: April 2021

We present colosseum, a low-cost, modular, and automated fluid sampling device for scalable fluidic applications. The colosseum fraction collector uses a single motor, can be built for less than $100 using off-the-shelf and 3D-printed components, and can be assembled in less than an hour. Build Instructions and source files are available at https://github.com/pachterlab/colosseum.
Early mobilization for acute heart failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol v2
Authors: Okamura Masatsugu , Kataoka Yuki , Taito Shunsuke , Fujiwara Takashi , Ide Atsushi , Oritsu Hideyuki , Shimizu Masashi , Shimizu Yoshitaka , Someya Ryoko , Konishi Masaaki
Published: April 2021

Background Early mobilization for inpatient acute heart failure has been applied in clinical practice, but there is no consensus on the specific timing, efficacy, and safety of its initiation. For patients with heart failure, exercise therapy when their condition has stabilized has been shown to improve quality of life and reduce readmission rates. Although scoping reviews have been reported on early mobilization after acute myocardial infarction, no systematic review of early mobilization in patients with heart failure who are older and have a higher rate of multiple disabilities and physical deterioration than those with myocardial infarction has been reported, and its definition, efficacy, and safety have not been fully clarified. In heart failure, physical functions such as grip strength and activity of daily living (ADL) have been found to be associated with distant outcomes such as readmission rates and mortality, and early mobilization for acute heart failure, initiated to prevent physical conditioning and decline in ADLs, can contribute to these outcomes. Purpose The purpose of this study is to conduct a scoping review and systematic review of early mobilization for hospitalized heart failure to clarify its current definition and to evaluate its effectiveness and safety. Method and analysis [Part 1] Scoping review of early mobilization for heart failure (clinical definition) The purpose of our scoping review is to clarify current clinical definition of early mobilization for acute heart failure. We describe this protocol that follows the PRISMA extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR) statement. We also use the scoping review framework by The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) following five stages approach: (1) identifying the research question; (2) identifying relevant studies; (3) study selection; (4) charting the data; and (5) collating, summarizing, and reporting the results. [Part 2] Systematic review and meta-analysis of early mobilization for acute heart failure Based on the scoping review above, we will design PICO and conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine the efficacy and safety of early mobilization for acute heart failure. We used a systematic review protocol template (dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.biqrkdv6). We followed the Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015 for preparing this protocol. Ethics and dissemination In this systematic review, only data from previously conducted studies will be analyzed. We will publish this systematic review in peer-reviewed journals.
CONDITIONS OF DISCRETE CONVERGENCE OF STRUCTURES SYNTHESIS MODELS IN METAL AND NON-METALS COMPOSITIONS
Authors: DOROSHKO Gennady P.
Published: April 2021

The set-theoretical convergence of models of continuous and discrete synthesis processes in the compositions of metals and non-metals at the action of ray sources is shown. The non-metal density function obtained by the IDS thermal impulses on the temperature axis projection has a periodic view with fi xed stationary temperatures. They coincide with the boundaries of diff erent areas of change in the speeds of metal heating. This convergence of models to the general periodic operator is possible under four conditions of beam scanning: separation, compactness, property of states, stability. Then the current reciprocity ratios of the system (metals/non-metals) allow the use of the temperature of stationary non-metals as support for metals and serves to determine the parameters of ray sources when synthesizing structures in the compositions of the volume of the material.
PRACTICE OF IRVING JOHN GILL MODERNISM
Authors: FILIPPOV Vasily D.
Published: April 2021

The article is devoted to the work of Irving John Gill during his heyday, and then in conditions when the principles of modernism discovered by him, due to the lack of society’s need for new architecture in the United States, were not needed in this country - from 1909 until his death in 1936. New technologies used by Gill in the construction of public and residential buildings from concrete are described as well as his unsuccessful participation in the Panama-California World Exhibition of 1915-191, the construction near Los Angeles of the “ideal” city of Torrance and end-of-life projects. The reasons why Gill did not become the leader of the American and one of the leaders of world architecture are discussed, and his work is still controversial.
STRENGTH AND STIFFNESS OF REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAMS MADE ON EXPERIMENTAL COMPOSITION OF A CONCRETE GOODS PLANT
Authors: TOSHIN Dmitrii S. , KHUTOVA Ekaterina E. , ASTAEVA Yulia V.
Published: April 2021

One of the options for optimization in the activities of the construction industry plants is the improvement of the composition of concrete mixtures, which requires control measures to assess indicators that ensure the reliability of operation of concrete and reinforced concrete structures. The strength of concrete in standard control cubes is at the same time the dominant parameter that determines the prospects of changes in production. The presented work presents the results of a comprehensive assessment of experimental concrete on cubes, prisms and reinforced concrete beams.
DETERMINATION OF THE AVERAGE WALL TEMPERATURE OF THE PLATE IN A RECUPERATIVE HEAT EXCHANGER WITH A CORRUGATED MESH INSERT
Authors: KOSTUGANOV Arman B. , DEMIDOCHKIN Vitaly V.
Published: April 2021

This article discusses the issue of determining the value the average wall temperature of the plate of a recuperative heat exchanger type “air-to-air” with a corrugated mesh insert based on the results processing the data of a physical experiment to determine the thermohydraulic characteristics such heat exchange surfaces. It has been established that the temperature fi eld of heat exchange surfaces of this type is nonuniform, depends on the conditions of heat exchange and hydraulic regimes of air fl ow. Therefore, the adoption of the arithmetic means value of the measured surface temperatures as the calculated average temperature of the heat exchanger wall entails signifi cant errors in the subsequent processing of experimental data and fi nal the values of the heat transfer coeffi cients, the values the Nusselt criterion and the criterion equations of heat transfer. It is proposed to determine the average value the wall temperature of the heat exchanger based on the results of measurements the wall’s temperatures, the estimate of the coordinates the center of distribution the results of measurements the wall temperatures, the equations of heat balance and heat transfer.
MECHANICAL AND PHYSICOCHEMICAL METHODS OF WASTEWATER TREATMENT IN THE FISH PROCESSING INDUSTRY
Authors: STEPANOV Sergey V. , SOLKINA Olga S. , AVDEENKOV Pavel P. , BELYAKOV Andrey V. , STEPANOV Aleksandr S.
Published: April 2021

Currently, the Strategy for the development of the fi shery sector of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2030 has been approved. To implement this strategy, the construction of new and reconstruction of existing enterprises is planned. Wastewater from fi sh processing contains a large amount of scales, remnants of entrails (liver, intestines, ovaries), proteins and lipids. Therefore, when developing a treatment technology, it is necessary to pay increased att ention to mechanical and physicochemical pre-treatment of effl uents. This article summarizes the experience of foreign and domestic research on mechanical and physical-chemical wastewater treatment. Also presented are the results of studies on wastewater treatment of two fi sh processing enterprises. The use of Al2(SO4)3 at a dose of 50 mg/l for Al2O3 gave the best results in a laboratory experiment.
Illegal Circulation of Amber, Jade or other Semi-Precious Stones, Precious Metals, Precious Stones or Pearls: Problems Determined by New Edition of Art. 191 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation
Authors: Chernov A. V. , Gabeev S. V.
Published: April 2021

Changes made to Art. 191 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation at the end of 2019 in order to eliminate gaps in legislation, in fact, created even more conflicts in the theory and practice of applying criminal and administrative law. The legislator has not fully calculated the risks of the new edition of Art. 191 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. The elimination of these risks requires more changes to the federal legislation, the adoption of new by-laws. Within the framework of Art. 191 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation the legislator created a contradiction regarding the qualification of illegal circulation of unique amber formations. Russian legislation does not contain a legal definition of semi-precious stones, clarification of their difference from precious stones. The concept of precious stones does not prove to be successful, since it contains a list-based reference of a particular stone to the category of precious stones, which does not always really reflect the economic value of a particular mineral. The list of semi-precious stones at the level of the Government of Russia has yet to be approved. Taking into account the administrative prejudice as one of the conditions for criminal prosecution for illegal trafficking in semiprecious stones, it should be the same with the list of semi-precious stones established to bring an individual to administrative responsibility for similar offenses. The legislator did not pay attention to the issues of delimiting jewelry and household products and scrap of such products from the subject of crimes under Art. 191 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. An even greater problem is the inconsistency between the norms of administrative and criminal legislation on liability for illegal trafficking in semi-precious stones.
Legal Framework of the Mechanism for the Elimination of Judicial Errors in Germany: A Comparative Legal Aspect
Authors: Trofimik A. G.
Published: April 2021

The paper examines the legally enshrined principles of material truth (§ 244 II StPO) and free assessment of evidence (§ 261 StPO), as well as the doctrinal requirement for a comprehensive, complete and objective study of the circumstances of a criminal case from the standpoint of the legal mechanism for identifying and eliminating (eliminating) judicial errors in criminal proceedings in Germany. The meaning and functions of the named concepts for criminal proceedings have been determined. The influence of the principle of material truth (Untersuchungsgrundsatz, Aufklärungspflicht) and the principle of free evaluation of evidence on law enforcement are analyzed. Based on the analysis of the universal regulatory framework of the elimination of judicial errors and the corresponding judicial practice, comparing the current legal regulation of Germany with the Soviet criminal process, the author formulates hypotheses on the possibility of returning to the domestic criminal procedural law of truth as a special legal structure that guarantees the quality of the investigation of the circumstances of the criminal case and ensuring uniform judicial practice.
Legal Status of Persons Serving Sentences in the event of Health Emergency
Authors: Alekseev A. Yu.
Published: April 2021

The paper discusses the preventive measures carried out in the penitentiary institutions of foreign countries, preventing the penetration and spread of coronavirus infection. Persons serving sentences in places of detention are at increased risk of infection in the event of an outbreak of the disease. Their situation requires separate consideration in planning and responding to crises. Measures to ensure social distancing are implemented through a special legal regime, the introduction of which limits the subjective rights of convicts. The introduced legal restrictions in some states provoked the emergence of criminal emergencies, which required the optimization of criminal and penal legal relations. Due to the emergency in the healthcare sector, it seems possible to use such institutions of criminal law as release from serving a sentence, deferment from serving a sentence, replacing the unserved part of a sentence with a milder type of punishment as an exceptional measure, and developing alternative ways to maintain socially useful ties. These methods include: increasing the duration of calls in correctional facilities, conducting visits through video conferencing, organizing a prompt exchange of information on the health status of relatives and convicts using a hotline, and using secure mobile devices.
Retrospective Analysis of Housing and Utilities Payment: Practical Aspect in the Context of the Pandemic
Authors: Shakhova E. S.
Published: April 2021

Utility fees have been in the mainstream in recent years, with the State taking all available measures to align payments made by owners and users of individual premises in an apartment building to the constitutional principles of certainty, fairness and proportionality not only de jure but also de facto. In 2020, due to the spread of a new coronavirus infection, the state adopted a number of measures of state and social support for the population, small and medium-sized businesses, in connection with which amendments to the law were introduced. The paper provides a critical review of legislative innovations in the field of housing and utilities payments and synthesis of proposals on measures of state support for housing and utilities organizations providing municipal services. The author examines preferences for citizens and management organizations. One of the most significant trends in the current conditions involves providing support for the population. The author notes the contradictory nature of approved innovations, analyzes their further influence on judicial practice and development of scientific-theoretical thought in the field of housing and civil legislation. The paper critically evaluates the “transformation” of the legislation regulating housing and utilities (communal services) fees. The main idea of the paper is the fact that in the current difficult situation the state should provide full support to organizations connected with housing and utilities to stabilize the society and the State as a whole.
Improvement of Election Public Control Laws
Authors: Mikheeva T. N. , Shabalin G. Sh.
Published: April 2021

Civic control in the Russian Federation is gradually being introduced into many fields of activity of government authorities. At the same time, public control was tested in an area not covered by the legislation on public control-in the federal election campaign. We can talk about the emergence of a new electoral institute of civic observation that has been further implemented in the electoral process of constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The paper analyzes the legislative rule allowing participation of public observers in the above-mentioned election campaigns, examines differences in the legal regulation exercised by different constituent entities. The study showed a minor role of the civic control in terms of municipal elections and the authority of the participants of civic control provided for in municipalities. Municipal civic chambers and public councils are deprived of the legal mechanism of direct participation in electoral observation. In this regard, the authors propose to improve the legislation in terms of expanding the powers of the participants of civic control of municipalities in the electoral field. The findings of the study are practical, as their implementation greatly increases civil society’s resource at the local level for providing public observation of elections.
Diagnosis of solitary eosinophilic granuloma by CT, MRI, and 18F-FDG PET/CT: two clinical cases
Authors: Gelezhe Pavel B. , Bulanov Dmitriy V.
Published: April 2021

This paper presents two clinical cases of eosinophilic granuloma of bone diagnosed by CT, MRI, and 18F-FDG PET/CT. In both cases the patients were admitted to the clinic with suspected primary malignant bone tumor and the diagnosis of a solitary eosinophilic granuloma was made based on the results of comprehensive radiological diagnostic examination and histological verification. Solitary eosinophilic granuloma of bone is an infrequent condition, occurring in less than 1% of cases of skeletal tumor masses. The most common eosinophilic granuloma is found in the parietal and frontal bones of the skull and is an osteolytic volumetric mass that gradually increases in size. Although most bone tumors can be detected by radiography, computed tomography is preferred, primarily because of its superior ability to detect cortical bone destruction. The diagnostic accuracy of computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging may be different. The combined use of radiological and radionuclide methods allows us to narrow the spectrum of differential diagnosis. Unfortunately, relatively low specificity of existing radiological diagnostic studies in most cases does not allow to establish a precise diagnosis, and biopsy with subsequent pathological examination remains the method of choice. These clinical observations demonstrate the need to include eosinophilic granuloma in the differential diagnosis when a solitary osteolytic focus is detected.
Impact of gender and age on long-term outcomes of isolated coronary bypass surgery
Authors: Poteev M A , Yakubov R A , Khaisanov A G
Published: April 2021

Aim. Search for predictors of death and analysis of long-term survival after coronary bypass surgery.

Methods. The study included 1742 patients who underwent isolated coronary bypass surgery in Emergency Hospital (Naberezhnye Chelny) between 2011 and 2019, of whom 345 (19.8%) women and 1397 (80.2%) men. The women were older: their average age was 65.896.98 years versus 61.297.71 years for men (p 0.001). The primary end point was death from any cause in the long-term postoperative period.

Results. The primary end point occurred in 170 patients (9.8% of the total sample), including 19 women and 151 men (11.2 vs. 88.8%). The average follow-up period was 43.6527.55 months, the median follow-up period 41 months. Both the 5-year survival rate (89% for women against 76% for men; p=0.042) and overall survival rate for the entire observation period were higher in women (86% versus 74%; p=0.042). Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that the long-term survival statistically significantly associated with age: up to 59 years [hazard ratio (HR) 0,43; confidence interval (CI) 0,280,65; р 0,001] and aged between 60 and 69 years (HR 0,62; CI 0,410,9; р 0,018), with gender: for female (HR 0,46; CI 0,290,77; р 0,002) and with factor of aortic occlusion during extracorporeal circulation (HR 2,42; CI 1,13-5,17; р 0,022) as well as the number of used internal thoracic arteries: one (HR 0,12; CI 0,020,65; р 0,015) or two (HR 0,08; CI 0,010,95; р 0,045).

Conclusion. Both 5-year and overall survival in women was higher; factors such as female gender and young age significantly influence survival in the long-term follow-up period after coronary bypass surgery, increasing it.
Analysis of the intestinal microbiome in colorectal cancer
Authors: Gataullin B I , Gataullin I G , Nga Nguyen Thi , Kolpakov A I , Ilinskaya O N
Published: April 2021

Aim. To conduct a comparative analysis of the microbiome of biopsies of a tumor and normal intestinal epithelium of patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer and to identify of functional activities of the obtained bacterial isolates that affect the development of the tumor.

Methods. The study included 50 patients with malignant neoplasms of the colon: 36 men and 24 women. The mean age of the patients was 64.110.2 years. To analyze the microbiota of the biopsies, DNA samples were obtained from the tissue of the unaffected colon mucosa and tumor of the patients. Bacterial 16S rRNA genes fragments were amplified using bar-coded primer bakt_341f. Metagenomic next-generation sequencing was performed using the MiSeq platform (Illumina, USA). The obtained data were processed by bioinformatic methods using the QIIME package. Recognition of microorganisms depending on the morphotype and gram staining of the microflora was carried out using combination differential media and biochemical tests. Statistical analysis was carried out using Microsoft Excel, Service Pack 2 for Office XP, Statistica 6.0 (StatSoft). A comparative analysis was performed with the Student's t-test and the MannWhitney test in case of unmet conditions of validity. Alpha diversity of bacterial communities was quantified by the Shannon diversity index and the UniFrac distance for beta diversity analysis.

Results. In patients with colorectal cancer, 5 bacterial phyla were isolated, the predominant of which were Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, while the content of Actinobacteria was low. In addition, a higher number of representatives of Fusobacteria was observed in the tumor tissue compared to the tissue of a healthy mucosa, at a distance of 5 centimeters proximal to the tumor. The results of this study indicate that the microbiome of a tumor and a healthy mucosa fundamentally differ from each other not only in morphotype and gram staining but also in antagonistic, hemolytic and ribonucleolytic activities.

Conclusion. Colonization of the tumor by dominant aggressive Gram-negative bacteria leads to significant changes in the tumor microbiome composition compared with normal mucosa, whose representatives are displaced from the damaged epithelium by more aggressive strains.
Features of the clinical course of nephrolithiasis in patients with hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Baranova I A , Zykova T A , Baranov A V
Published: April 2021

Aim. To assess the incidence of kidney stone disease and to identify its clinical course in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism.

Methods. 48 medical records of patients hospitalized with primary hyperparathyroidism were retrospectively analyzed. The average age of the patients was 57 [53; 61] years. The medical history, complaints upon admission, the clinical presentation, the results of laboratory test and instrumental examination were studied in evaluating the medical records. The patients were divided into the group with nephrolithiasis (n=33) and the group without nephrolithiasis (n=15). The differences between the two groups were tested for statistical significance by the MannWhitney U test.

Results. Among patients with primary hyperparathyroidism, nephrolithiasis was detected in 69% of patients, of which 90% were women in the postmenopausal period. The course of the kidney stone disease in these patients was characterized by frequent recurrence with a predominance of bilateral renal impairment (62%). The duration of nephrolithiasis before the diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism was 6 [1; 19] years, and this complication was often the first manifestation of the disease. According to the instrumental examination of kidney in patients with nephrolithiasis, small stones up to 5 mm in diameter were detected in 42% of cases, asymptomatic kidney stones in 15% of cases. A severe complication of primary hyperparathyroidism staghorn calculi were found in 2 (10%) patients. The patients in the group with nephrolithiasis showed higher serum calcium (p=0.022) and parathyroid hormone (p=0.007) levels compared with patients in the group without nephrolithiasis.

Conclusion. Nephrolithiasis is a common complication of primary hyperparathyroidism; the presence of nephrolithiasis is associated with more significant changes in calcium and phosphate metabolism and is also characterized by a frequent asymptomatic course, thus requiring attention of specialists to this type of complications in primary hyperparathyroidism.
Clinical case of intussusception of the jejunum into gastroenteroanastomosis after gastric ­resection
Authors: Akhmetzyanov F Sh , Egorov V I , Daminov A N , Sirazitdinov N D
Published: April 2021

Intussusception is one of the varieties of mixed (strangulation and obturation) mechanical intestinal obstruction. It arises as a result of the introduction of the adducting segment of the intestine into the abducting one. Gastroduodenal intussusception is an extremely rare type of high intestinal obstruction. It most often occurs after surgery on the stomach and much less often in non-operated patients. Intussusception of the jejunum into the stomach can occur soon after surgery, but most often, this complication occurs 515 years after the intervention. This paper describes a case of retrograde intussusception that arose 9 years after the Billroth II gastric resection with Braun anastomosis. This clinical case acquaints specialists with the possibility to encounter this pathology in clinical practice and demonstrates the appropriateness of differential diagnostics in cases with similar clinical symptoms.
Initial positive first-hand experience of acute keratoconus treatment using platelet-rich serums
Authors: Khripun Kirill V. , Kobinets Yulia V. , Rozhdestvenskaya Elizaveta S.
Published: April 2021

Presentation of a clinical case of acute keratoconus treatment by the intracameral platelet-rich plasma administration. Clinical and morphological improvement was registered from the first postoperative day, corneal edema and bullous changes completely resolved during 3 weeks. No side effects were observed. The outcome is confirmed by anterior segment optical coherence tomography data Intracameral platelet-rich autologous plasma administration is a safe and effective method of acute keratoconus treatment.
Sekolah Pesisi Juang: Pendidikan Non-Formal Anak Pesisir
Authors: Munawwir A. , Nur Hanip Sepma Pulthinka
Published: April 2021

Studi ini betujuan menganalisis kiprah sekolah pesisi juang sebagai pendidikan non-formal yang mengadopsi sistem pembelajaran tematik sebagai upaya untuk memberikan pemenuhan kebutuhan intelektual secara universal bagi anak pesisir yang berlokasi di Desa Bintaro, Kec. Ampenan NTB. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan menggunakan pisau analisis psikologi humanistik yang difokuskan pada kebutuhan manusia secara subtansial. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan berupa observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data mengacu pada kerangka Miles dan Huberman yang didasari pada reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa, anak pesisir berhak untuk menerima pendidikan secara formal seperti yang lainnya walaupun dihimpit dalam ekonomi yang kurang mampu. Hadirnya sekolah pesisi juang ini menjadi angin segar bagi anak pesisir untuk terus belajar dalam menggapai cita-citanya dengan mengajarkan anak-anak muatan-muatan pemebalajaran berbasis lingkungan sekitar.
Stimulasi Aspek Perkembangan Anak Melalui APE Bermuatan Kearifan Lokal di PAUD Madura
Authors: Arianto Fajar Lukman Tri , Yuniar Dias Putri
Published: April 2021

Masa golden age pada anak usia dini perlu distimulasi dengan beragam media yang ada untuk membantu enam aspek perkembangan anak secara optimal. Disisi lain, kemajuan zaman dan teknologi perlu diimbangi dengan penngenalan budaya agar tidak tergerus. Media pembelajaran berkearifan lokal yang berupa puzzle, serbuk jagung warna-warni dan kotak pintar digunakan sebagai Alat Permainan Edukatif (APE) yang diproses dari limbah jonggol jagung. Alat permainan edukatif berupa puzzle, serbuk jagung warna-warni dan kotak pintar digunakan pada anak usia dini saat belajar di sekolah (luring) pada lima lembaga PAUD yang ada di Bangkalan Madura. Penggunaan alat permaina edukatif digunakan untuk menstimulasi Enam aspek perkembangan meliputi nilai agama moral, sosial emosional, bahasa, kognitif, motorik, dan seni agar dapat terstimulasi dengan baik melalui media hasil limbah jonggol jagung. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui studi observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi kemudian dianalisis dengan cara pengelompokan hasil, deskripsi atau menganalisis data, penyajian dan pengambilan kesimpulan. Hasil dari kegiatan penelitian ini didapatkan tiga macam jenis media pembelajaran yang efektif yang dapat  menstimulasi enam aspek perkembangan pada anak usia dini dengan melihat tanggapan yang diambil ke ibu guru di lima Lembaga PAUD kota Bangkalan melalui G-form yaitu prosentase serbuk jagung warna-warni (sergunani) 78, 6%, kotak pintar 66, 7%, dan puzzle 78, 6%
Equipping Adult Learners with Basic Literacy Skills for Cognitive Sustainability in Lagos State, Nigeria
Authors: Anyikwa Blessing , Yinusa Oyekunle Oyekunle
Published: April 2021

Abstract  The non-literate adult citizens in Nigeria are often faced with the inability to apply mental intelligence in their lifestyles which is reducing their worth and relevance in the 21st century literate society. The study therefore, seeks to equip adult learners with basic literacy skills for cognitive sustainability in Lagos state, Nigeria. Four research questions were raised and answered; and four hypotheses were tested to guide the study. The study adopted descriptive survey research design. The instruments adopted for the study were Key Informant Interview (KII) and a Questionnaire. A 20-item questionnaire titled “Adult Learners’ Basic Literacy Skills Questionnaire”, (ALBLSQ) was developed by the researchers. The instrument was validated using content and face validity according to the standard approved by the National Mass Education Commission in Nigeria, and the State Agency for Mass Education in Lagos State, Nigeria (NMEC/NOGALSS). A total of one hundred and eighty (180) questionnaires were administered purposively to adult learners across the six NMEC/NOGALSS literacy centers in Lagos state, and one hundred and forty-five (145) were retrieved. The reliability of the instrument was confirmed using a test-retest procedure, which gave a correlation coefficient of 0.87. The data was presented using frequency distribution tables, percentages, and Bar Charts. The data was analyzed using Spearman Rank Order Correlation Coefficient and T-test statistical tools to test the hypotheses at 0.05 significance level. The study revealed that a significant difference exists between the performance of adult learners before intervention and the performance of adult learners after intervention of the adult basic literacy programme amongst others. The study concluded and recommended that the curriculum of the adult basic literacy should be designed to have a combination of English and mother tongue language as a medium of instruction in order to aid cognitive development among adult learners, inter alia.
Attitudes Toward Lesbians of Practicing Social Workers and Social Work Students
Authors: Swank Eric , Raiz Lisa
Published: April 2021

In addressing the extent of sexual prejudices among the profession, two strands of research have emerged. One strand explores heterosexism among practicing social workers whereas another explores student attitudes. As these separate bodies of literature have developed, there has been an absence of studies comparing the sexual prejudices of these aggregates. To address this shortcoming, this article merges data from recent studies on employed social workers, master's and bachelors' students (n=3,197). When comparing the responses on Herek's Attitudes Toward Lesbians and Gays subscale, this work delivers some sobering results. Every population contained individuals who rebuked homosexuality, but the amount of homophobia varied by group. The undergraduate students condemned homosexuals the most, the employed social workers did so the least.
Surveying the BSW Field Director
Authors: Dalton Bruce , Stevens Laura , Maas-Brady Jane
Published: April 2021

This national survey of BSW field directors reports on field program administration and processes, including field instructor orientation and training, student placement processes, field office resources, and field standards. Most field programs provide orientation and training, often on a mandatory basis, but many do not have effective consequences for field instructors who do not attend. A majority of field programs have student placement questionnaires and interviews, but field instructor interviews are the most common process used. Most field programs report adequate resources, but a significant minority report a lack of resources. Field standards and requirements vary considerably between programs. The benefits of increasing specificity of mandated standards at the cost of lessened program flexibility are discussed.
Dispelling Fear and Loathing: Engaging Mathematically Challenged Students to Learn Statistics
Authors: Junius Premalatha , Sidell Nancy
Published: April 2021

Although accreditation standards require that programs must teach quantitative research methodology, students are not always eager to learn statistics. This article describes several techniques to aid the social work instructor in engaging students who are uncomfortable facing statistical information. In one small BSW program a social work professor has collaborated with a mathematics professor in developing ideas to engage students who arrive with fear and loathing at the very word statistics. By promoting problem solving, improving student attitudes, and quelling fears regarding learning statistics, these techniques can be adapted in the social work classroom.
Recreational Drumming: A Creative Arts Intervention Strategy for Social Work Teaching and Practice
Authors: Maschi Tina , Bradley Carolyn
Published: April 2021

Recreational music-making has been shown to decrease stress and increase feelings of well-being and empowerment among diverse groups. This study examined the impact of recreational drumming among social work students on measures of well-being, empowerment, and connectedness. It used a pretest-posttest design to evaluate outcomes among a sample of 31 participants in the 2-hour I–We Rhythm Program for recreational drumming. Results of paired t-test analyses revealed significant differences in levels of stress, energy, and feelings of empowerment and community. Using this creative-arts intervention can be an effective self-care strategy for BSW and MSW students, practitioners, and/or clients in educational or agency-based settings to increase feelings of well-being and interpersonal connectedness, which, in turn, may help to increase effectiveness in practice.
The Four-Quadrant Framework for Addressing Spiritual and Religious Issues in Social Work
Authors: Sanger Michael
Published: April 2021

The growing interest in addressing spiritual and religious issues in the social work classroom is reflected in the increasing number of books and articles addressing this topic. The subsets of articles that discuss teaching about spirituality appear slanted toward courses entirely devoted to the subject. This article, written for instructors who wish to add spirituality content to existing courses, describes a pedagogic approach that organizes religious and spiritually relevant material in a framework designed to improve student learning and comprehension while fostering respectful and nonmarginalizing discussions of sensitive and potentially controversial issues. The framework distinguishes religiously and spiritually based social work from religiously and spiritually competent social work.
Statistics Used in Current Social Work Literature: Curricular Needs of Undergraduate Students
Authors: Sabri Bushra , Klug Mercedes Bern
Published: April 2021

This study sought to identify the most commonly reported statistical methods in a section of the social work literature and demonstrate the need for including them in the statistical curricula for social work undergraduates. The authors reviewed 417 articles from Health & Social Work, Social Work, Social Work Research, and Children & Schools in 64 issues published from January 2005 to December 2008. The quantitative empirical research articles (47.9%; n=200) were then selected to ascertain the most frequently reported statistical methods, which were found to be correlation, regression, and chi procedures. This study's results may contribute to the knowledge of statistics usage in the social work literature and help to define vital emphases for undergraduate research courses in social work.
Family Support and BSW Field Experience Through a University-Based Supervised Visitation Program
Authors: Seroka Carolyn
Published: April 2021

Supervised visitation programs, which provide supervision of visits between noncustodial parents and their children in safe and comfortable environments, are expanding throughout this country. With this expansion they are also providing more family support services, especially parent coaching and therapeutic intervention. These programs offer ample learning opportunities for social work students in field placements. The program described here, which operates on a university campus and utilizes BSW students to monitor visits and conduct feedback sessions with visiting parents after each visit, may serve as a model for the development of more university-based programs. Initial research supports the effectiveness of services provided by undergraduate students in this program.
The Use of Criminal Background Checks in Social Work Education
Authors: Daehn Zellmer Debra , Knothe Thomas
Published: April 2021

This article reports the findings of an electronic survey regarding the use of criminal background checks, using a convenience sample with 119 BSW and 53 MSW programs responding. Requiring applicants or students to undergo a criminal background check was reported by 25% of BSW and 34% of MSW programs. An additional 66% of BSW programs and 57% of MSW programs reported that,although not a requirement of their programs, criminal background checks were required by some of their field agencies. A procedure for the use of criminal background check information was reported in only 7% of BSW and MSW programs. Safety and welfare of future clients, student privacy, and liability if background checks are not conducted were identified as the issues of greatest importance regarding criminal background checks in social work education. Implications for social work education policy and procedure are considered.
Facilitating CSWE's Social Justice Competency in Baccalaureate Social Work Courses
Authors: Funge Simon , Meyer-Adams Nancy , Flaherty Chris , Ely Gretchen , Baer Jeffrey
Published: April 2021

The Council on Social Work Education identifies social justice as one of 10 core competencies in its 2008 Educational Policy and Accreditation Standards. Educators can find it daunting to address this particular competency. The National Association of Social Workers' Social Work Speaks can provide a practical guide for educating students in the policy positions of social work's primary professional association. This article offers uses of these materials that can infuse social justice concepts into foundation coursework, mitigating not only some of the challenges associated with teaching this content but also fostering the expected practice behaviors associated with the social justice competency. This model can apply to teaching strategies pertaining to the other nine competencies. Examples of assignments and methods for assessment are provided.
Comparing the Knowledge and Attitudes of BSW and MSW Students Regarding Substance-Abusing Clients
Authors: Senreich Evan , Straussner Shulamith Lala
Published: April 2021

In the Northeast, 248 graduating seniors in 10 BSW programs were compared with 454 graduating students in 3 MSW programs regarding educational and experiential opportunities to learn about working with substance abusers, as well as knowledge and attitudes concerning this population. Results indicated that BSW students had far fewer opportunities than their MSW counterparts to learn about substance abuse through courses, training programs, internships, and employment. In regard to working with this population, MSW students demonstrated greater knowledge than BSW students, but no difference in attitudes. In a multivariate analysis controlling for personal, educational, and employment factors, BSW students demonstrated more positive attitudes about working with substance abusers than did MSW students, but the latter still reported greater knowledge. The findings suggest that educational exposure to the issues of substance abusers positively affects the knowledge and attitudes of BSW and MSW students regarding work with this population.
Veterinary Social Work: How Undergraduate Social Workers Can Make a Difference
Authors: Callahan Ann
Published: April 2021

The provision of veterinary social work has traditionally required training only available to graduate social work students and professionals. As social work educators continue to define core competencies required for veterinary social work, they must consider how to train undergraduate social work students in this emerging field. Remote Area Medical (RAM) provides such an opportunity. This article describes the experience of baccalaureate social work students at a university in a Southern state in the provision of veterinary social work services at five RAM spay and neuter clinics. The ways in which social work educators might use the RAM model as a service learning opportunity for their students are also explored.
Sexuality Content in the BSW Curriculum: A Pilot Study of Student Perceptions
Authors: Laverman Clementine , Skiba David
Published: April 2021

As attitudes about sexuality change, social workers may confront client issues and/or problems related to human sexuality. This article describes a pilot study of student perceptions of human sexuality curriculum content and their views regarding their sense of preparedness and anticipation in dealing with this area of practice. A convenience sample of undergraduate students (n=170) from BSW programs at public and private institutions in the northeastern United States completed a study- specific questionnaire. Preliminary findings suggest study participants were unable to identify sexuality content within their curriculum. Only 42% (n=71) perceived that they were adequately prepared to handle most sexuality issues, although many anticipate working with clients with sexuality issues in practice. Limitations of the study are addressed. Directions for future research are discussed that may contribute to a better understanding of the delivery of human sexuality content to BSW students.
Factors Affecting BSW Students' Choices in Initial Field Placement: A Racial/Ethnic Comparison
Authors: Pereira Marina , Retrum Jessica , Forness Steven
Published: April 2021

Field placement experiences have long been viewed as a critical component of social work training. However, little research has focused on choice of initial undergraduate field placement experience and on factors affecting this choice, particularly as they relate to race or ethnicity. This study addressed this research gap in initial field placements for students seeking an undergraduate degree. Data from a survey of 220 students, collected through six semesters from their initial field placement course, are analyzed. Results suggest that students of color differ significantly from their White counterparts not only in choice of field placement but also in certain aspects of the decision process related to this choice. Implications for social work field education are discussed.
SEEDLOC Model: A Process for Integrating Course Objectives, Practice Behaviors, and Service Learning
Authors: Bruster Belinda , Anstadt Scott , Boyko Rachel
Published: April 2021

The SEEDLOC logic model demonstrates how to integrate core competencies, practice behaviors, and assignments in course syllabi with explicit input from faculty and students. The model requires community involvement as part of the assignments. Service learning is a by-product of this model's application in the course curriculum. We describe an example using the model to shape and justify assignments in a Vulnerable Populations course. This course uses active participation of baccalaureate social work students delivering essential services to a rural minority population. This process ensures fidelity to the Council on Social Work Education Educational Policy and Accreditation Standards, the competencies framework, and validating outcome measures of course assignments.
Constructing Art/Instructing Meaning: The Postmodern Impulse in the Classroom—Five Easy Pieces
Authors: Gross Gregory
Published: April 2021

These five classroom exercises, all experiential in nature, place students inside the postmodern to learn and to feel the postmodern in their own lives and in the lives of their clients. Performed in both public and private arenas, inside the person and inside the group, these activities span human perspectives from premodern shadow puppets to postmodern art and meaning-making in the here and now, real, and not-so-real. Artists Duchamp, Picasso, and Ono lend their hands, but in the end, the students themselves pose as the artists and the art itself through a set of ludic encounters and classroom discussions.