bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Develop the Speaking Skills of B1 Level Students
Authors: Xoldorova
Published: March 2024

This study delves into the enhancement of speaking skills in B1 level students, emphasizing the pivotal role of communicative competence. Through an exhaustive literature analysis, diverse strategies are explored to discern key elements contributing to language acquisition success at this intermediate level. The methods section delineates practical approaches for educators, integrating interactive activities and motivation techniques. Results showcase the positive outcomes of implementing these methods, paving the way for a nuanced discussion on the implications of the findings. In conclusion, the article offers valuable suggestions for further research and provides practical recommendations to empower language educators globally.
Highlights:

Effective Strategies for B1 Students: Explore and identify key elements crucial for successful language acquisition at the B1 level, emphasizing the importance of communicative competence.

Practical Approaches for Educators: Outline actionable methods that educators can implement, incorporating interactive activities and motivation techniques to enhance students' speaking skills.

Positive Outcomes and Implications: Present and discuss the results of applying these methods, highlighting the positive outcomes and providing insights into the broader implications for language education.

Keywords: Speaking Skills, B1 Level, Language Acquisition, Communicative Competence, Interactive Activities
The Urgence of Strengthening Family Resistance Arrangements
Authors: Ramadhanti Hanin , Mediawati Noor Fatimah
Published: March 2024

This study aims to determine and examine the urgency of strengthening the regulations governing family resilience in Sidoarjo Regency. The research method used is normative by using the Law approach and the Conceptual approach which is carried out by analyzing various regulations. Data is collected through primary data collection from legislation and secondary data from law books and several legal journals that are related to the topic under study. Divorce can occur due to several things so that it can be a reason for a divorce application to the Court. From this study it can be concluded that in Sidoarjo Regency there are regulations regarding family resilience in the form of regulations under the auspices of the Ministry of Religion which are not mandatory. Furthermore, with the facts listed, Sidoarjo Regency has experienced an increase in the divorce rate every year as a result of not being obliged to follow these rules. So it is very necessary for Sidoarjo Regency to establish rules regarding family resilience by the Regional Government which are mandatory so that there is no increase in the divorce rate every year.
Release of Prisoners During the Covid-19 Pandemic In Perspective of Decree of the Minister of Law and Human Rights Number 10 of 2020
Authors: Imam Syafarul , Phahlevy Rifqi Ridlo
Published: March 2024

This study aims to determine and examine the juridical basis and the process of implementing assimilation during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research method used by the author is normative juridical using a statutory approach or better known as a statute approach and a conceptual approach. The conclusion of this study explains that the Decree of the Minister of Law and Human Rights Number 10 of 2020 is a lex specialist or special rule of Law Number 12 of 1995 which is a lex generalis or general rule where the Decree of the Minister of Law and Human Rights No. 10 of 2020 as lex specialists or special rules only apply to the emergency situation of the covid-19 pandemic on the basis of tackling the prevention of the spread of the covid-19 virus. Decree of the Minister of Law and Human Rights No. 10 of 2020 is a special policy that has positive and negative impacts. The positive impact of this decision is that it can reduce the number of inmates in correctional facilities as a form of preventing the spread of the covid-19 virus, while the negative impact of this decision is that the process of assimilation carried out at home results in the repetition of criminal acts by inmates who received an assimilation program during the COVID-19 pandemic. so that the role of supervisors is expected to work well and maximally to minimize the occurrence of criminal acts again committed by prisoners who receive an assimilation program during the covid 19 pandemic.
Significant Role of Third Person in the Distribution to the Number of Divorce Cases in Sidoarjo
Authors: Irani Mercy Cindia Ayu , Mediawati Noor Fatimah
Published: March 2024

This study aims to determine the influence of actors and directors in the distribution of the number of divorce cases in Sidoarjo Regency. The research method used in this research is socio legal research. The research was conducted by collecting the required data, then leading to the problem identification process which ultimately refers to problem solving. From this study it can be concluded that the adultery factor as a cause of divorce in the Sidoarjo Religious Court has quite a large influence on the high divorce rate, which is in the 5th position based on data from 2017 to 2020. However, when combined with the effects or impacts of the presence of the perpetrator or the partner, which causes the husband and wife to feel uneasy (either in the form of domestic violence, disputes, or one party finally leaves the other), then the influence of the actor or the partner can be the main cause of divorce in Sidoarjo. The next conclusion obtained is that the actions committed by actors and supervisors include acts against the law (civil) as well as violating the law (criminal). It is said to be against the law because it is stated in Article 27 BW. Then the actions of the actors and directors are also said to be unlawful acts, because infidelity acts that lead to adultery are regulated in Articles 284, 417, and 484 of the Criminal Code. The sanctions obtained are also listed in it.
Forms of Liability of Minimarket Businesses for the Transfer of Money Back
Authors: Ilman Mohamad Yazid , Mediawati Noor Fatimah
Published: March 2024

Donation, is one of the activities that has become a trend lately, many organizations and even individuals are competing in making donations. As is the case, what is done by minimarkets that carry out donation activities from the rest of the consumer's change. On this basis, a study entitled "Forms of Accountability of Minimarket Business Actors for the Transfer of Change" is carried out is one of the studies that aims to determine the form of accountability of business actors who carry out the act of transferring consumer change into the form of donations. Also, to analyze transaction engagements carried out by Consumers with business actors who take action to transfer Consumers' change in the form of donations. The research method that the author uses is a normative research method that uses a search for basic legal materials to make a legal decision on the legal case being studied. This study uses a statue approach and primary data which contains laws and regulations related to the legal issues under study. The results of the research, in this research, the activity of transferring the buyer's change into a legal donation is carried out if the buyer agrees to anything without any coercion or discrimination that harms the consumer. In addition, this study explores the law of engagement which regulates the engagement between consumers and transaction activities carried out by business actors. The engagement is considered valid if the transaction is carried out without any elements of coercion, fraud, extortion and discrimination.
Enforcement of the Code Of Ethics of Pharmacist Proffesion in Kabupaten Sidoarjo
Authors: Hamdani Ulfa Nuraini , Purwaningsih Sri Budi
Published: March 2024

This study raises the formulation of the problem on how to Enforce the Code of Ethics of the Pharmacist Profession in Sidoarjo Regency and how the Ethical Accountability can be imposed on Pharmacists if they commit a violation. Pharmacists namely PC IAI Sidoarjo Regency and MEDAI D East Java were then linked to existing regulations and libraries, based on the analysis conducted, it was found that the enforcement of the code of ethics for the pharmacist profession in Sidoarjo Regency is the responsibility of the East Java Regional MEDAI, besides that there is still a lack of open access for the community. as well as a monitoring pattern that is only based on complaints, besides that, it is also found that there is a distribution of criteria for violations in the implementing regulations that are not specifically explained, based on the results of the analysis, it can be concluded that enforcement The code of ethics for the pharmacist profession in the district still tends to be passive because it is only based on complaints without direct supervision.
Balancing Contracts: The Crucial Role of Pre-contractual Disclosure in Technical Assistance Agreements
Authors: Alwan Ali Hasan
Published: March 2024

This study rigorously delineates the imperative of pre-contractual disclosure in technical assistance contracts, spotlighting the legal necessity for suppliers to provide indispensable technical information vital for efficient recipient resource utilization. Emphasizing informed consent and mutual satisfaction, this pre-contractual mandate, rooted in the principle of good faith, addresses negotiation power imbalances. It clarifies that meeting this obligation differs from mere due diligence, demanding a specific outcome prior to contract formation. It asserts that debtors must be apprised of negotiated data unbeknownst to the creditor, justifiably. The ramifications are dual: rectifying power differentials and ensuring parity in knowledge among contracting parties. The study aims to enrich legislative frameworks for party protection, utilizing qualitative methods for definition and analysis. Results shed light on the nuanced aspects of pre-contractual disclosure, impacting contractual rebalancing and knowledge equality. This research advocates global attention to legislative actions promoting transparency and fairness in technical assistance agreements.

Highlights :

Clarifies the Legal Imperative: The study meticulously defines the legal obligation for suppliers to disclose crucial technical information in technical assistance contracts, ensuring informed consent.

Addresses Power Imbalances: Emphasizes the role of the principle of good faith in rectifying negotiation power imbalances, contributing to more equitable contractual relationships.

Global Advocacy for Legislative Measures: Calls for international attention to legislative actions fostering transparency and fairness in technical assistance agreements.

Keywords : Pre-contractual Disclosure, Technical Assistance Contracts, Informed Consent, Good Faith, Legislative Regulation
The Effect of Environmental Accounting Disclosures on Financial Performance and Stock Performance
Authors: Mashudi Afinia Arini , Nurasik Nurasik
Published: March 2024

The aim of this research is to know and analyze the effect of Enviromental Accounting Disclosures on Financial Performance and Stock Performance. The sample of company in this research is company in the general mining sector and plantation sector which are registered in Bursa Efek Indonesia. Based on the problem on this research, then the type of this research is uses quantitative research. The statistical technique that used to verify hypothesis is simple linear regression. The samples were taken purposively as many as 9 sample companies that consist of 5 companies of general mining sector and 4 companies of plantation sector. The result of this research stated that the disclosure of enviromental accounting has a significant effect on company performance because of the significance value is below 0.05 percents. The disclosure of enviromental accounting has no significant effect on stock performance because of the significance value is above 0.05 percents.
Comparison of the Accuracy of Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) and Abitrage Pricing Theory (Apt) in Predicting LQ45 Stock Returns
Authors: Wati Alis Setya , Hariyanto Wiwit
Published: March 2024

This study aims to determine which method is more appropriate in predicting LQ45 stock returns (2015-2017 period). The accuracy of the CAPM method and the APT method is measured by Mean Absolute Deviation (MAD). This research uses quantitative methods with purposive sampling tech- nique. The population used in this study were all company shares listed in the LQ45 Index and obtained 32 shares for the LQ45 Index which was used as the research sample. The accuracy of the CAPM and APT models is measured through MAD (Mean Absolute Deviation), while the independent sample t-test is used to compare the accuracy between the CAPM method and the APT method. The results showed that the CAPM method was more appropriate than the APT method in predicting LQ45 stock returns because the value of MADCAPM was smaller than the average MADAPT, namely MADCAPM (0.0004) < MADAPT 0.0113, and based on the results of different test independent sample t-test with SPSS H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted, there is a difference in accuracy because the Sig value is smaller than the significance level (5%), namely Sig = 0,000 < 0.05.
Testing The Accuracy of Fingerprint Recognition using Levenshtein Distance and Hamming Distance Methods
Authors: Ginantaka Gregorius Sakti , Saputra Laurentius Kuncoro Probo , Suwarno Sri
Published: March 2024

The presence or evidence of attendance is crucial in monitoring the presence of every individual working in a particular field. Developing an employee attendance system using fingerprints can expedite the processing of data of employees who have or have not attended. One brand of machine used as a fingerprint attendance tool is Fingerspot Flexcode. The data obtained from the machine comes in the form of bitmap images that are converted into strings using encoding. Although the resulting string sequences are different, there is a possibility of similarity in fingerprint data among employees because the system cannot distinguish data precisely. Therefore, the comparison between the Levenshtein Distance and Hamming Distance methods is used to determine which method has the highest accuracy in processing the system's calculation. The method with the highest accuracy will determine the level of compatibility of the method with the tested tool. For example, 6 fingerprint data are taken from each of the 7 different employees, resulting in a total of 42 data as test data. The calculation results show that the accuracy of the Levenshtein Distance method is 80,76 % with a precision of 46,43 %, while the Hamming Distance method is 78,34 % with a precision of 30,50 % in processing string similarity in fingerprint data. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the Levenshtein Distance method is better in calculating similarity in fingerprint data compared to the Hamming Distance method because it has a higher level of accuracy and precision compared to the Hamming Distance method.
Transformational Leadership and Employee Performance in the Faculty of Tarbiyah and Teacher Training at UIN Raden Fatah Palembang
Authors: Utami Fajar Tri
Published: March 2024

The functioning and success of an organization are influenced by various factors, one of which is the leadership style present within the institution, which in turn affects the performance of the employees within it. Transformational leadership is considered an ideal leadership style and is widely used because it can guide employees. The purpose of this research was to identify the elements that play a role in the Faculty of Tarbiyah and Education at UIN Raden Fatah Palembang, which contribute to the positive impact of transformational leadership on employee performance. The research method used is quantitative descriptive, with a total of 42 participants selected through a saturation sampling method. The results of the hypothesis test show a significance value in both the Kendall version (p is 0.05, sig = 0.058 > 0.05) and the Spearman version (p is 0.05, sig = 0.055 > 0.05), both reaching 0.058. This indicates that there was no correlation between transformational leadership and workplace productivity. The research findings can be used as a reference for institutions in managing their employees' performance.
Hubungan Antara Problem Focused Coping Dengan Subjective Well-Being Pada Karyawan CV
Authors: Rachma Rossa Alifia , Widyastuti Widyastuti
Published: March 2024

Karyawan merupakan sumber daya manusia yang sangat penting dalam mendukung aktifitas perusahaan.  Perasaan tidak menyenangkan, emosi negatif, tidak nyaman, permasalahan kerja maupun relasi sangat bisa menghambat aktifitas kerja karyawan. Subjective well-being pada diri karyawan akan mempengaruhi banyak hal, seperti meningkatkan kesehatan fisik, tingkat kreativitas dan pemecahan masalah, mendorong perilaku pro-sosial dan meningkatkan partisipasi karyawan di tempat kerja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara Problem focused coping dengan Subjective well-being pasa karyawan. Hipotesis yang peneliti ajukan adalah adanya hubungan positif antara Problem focused coping dengan Subjective well-being pada karyawan. Populasi dalam penelitian ini sejumlah 118 karyawan, teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan yakni Teknik Sampling Jenuh, sehingga seluruh populasi digunakan sebagai subjek. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan skala psikologi dengan model penskalaan Likert yaitu subjective well being (SWLS dan PANAS) dan Problem focused coping. Teknik analisis data dilakukan menggunakan metode korelasi product moment dengan bantuan program SPSS 25.0.  Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan korelasi positif yang sangat signifikan (rxy = 0,413; p<0,05). Hal ini menunjukkan semakin tinggi problem-focused coping maka semakin tinggi pula subjective well-being pada karyawan, dan sebaliknya
Hubungan Antara Dukungan Sosial Teman Sebaya Dengan Self Efficacy Pada Anggota KSR PMI Kota Mojokerto
Authors: Putri Laily Wulandari Maydhiestawati Sunardo , Widyastuti Widyastuti
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan hubungan antara dukungan sosial teman sebaya dengan self efficacy pada anggota KSR PMI Kota Mojokerto. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan metode korelasional. Populasi data pada penelitian ini anggota KSR PMI Kota Mojokerto yang berjumlah 50 anggota, meliputi 25 laki-laki dan 25 perempuan. Sampel pada penelitian ini menggunakan seluruh populasi yang berjumlah 50 anggota. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik sampel jenuh. Pengumpulan data menggunakan skala dukungan sosial teman sebaya dan skala self efficacy yang diadopsi dari peneliti Inayah. Teknik analisis pada penelitian ini menggunakan spearman's rho. Hasil data penelitian menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara dukungan sosial teman sebaya dengan self efficacy rxy sebesar 0,320 dengan p 0,023 (p < 0,05). Dapat disimpulkan jika dukungan sosial teman sebaya tinggi maka self efficacy pada anggota KSR PMI Kota Mojokerto tinggi namun sebaliknya jika dukungan sosial teman sebaya rendah maka self efficacy pada anggota KSR PMI Kota Mojokerto juga rendah.
Characteristics of heavy metal pollution in mine water inrush and environmental risk assessments
Authors: Yang Minhui , Zhang Ping , Luo Tianlie , Ye Honglingli , Liu Guo
Published: March 2024

The acid mine water inrush resulting from coal mining activities poses a threat to the regional groundwater, leading to heavy metal pollution that can adversely impact the ecological environment and human health. In this study, several mines in the Guangyuan area were selected as research subjects to determine the concentrations of eight heavy metals (Cr, Fe, Mn, Hg, As, Zn, Pb, Cd) present in the mine water inrush. Ecological risks and human health risks were evaluated using species-sensitive distribution curves and health risk assessment models. The results showed that Fe had the largest excess rate and was the main substance causing ecological risks. The total health risk in the study area was high, mainly derived from the carcinogenic metal elements Cr, Cd and As, and the carcinogenic risk was higher than the maximum risk limit of 10-4, and the total non-carcinogenic risk was less than the maximum acceptable health risk limit 1, indicating that mine water inrush had a lower non-carcinogenic health risk, among which Fe had the largest non-carcinogenic risk and Cr6+ had the largest carcinogenic risk, which should be paid attention to in subsequent treatment and repair.
Assessment of the Operational facilities and Hygienic Practices of Abattoirs and Butcher shops in Ethiopia: Implications for Consumer’s Health
Authors: Yimana Muhabaw , Hassen Awol
Published: March 2024

Most meat-borne outbreaks are usually attributed to contamination in the meat supply chain due to poor handling practices and incomplete operational facilities. A cross-sectional study, using a structured questionnaire interview and observational checklist, was conducted to assess the hygienic practices of workers from abattoir and butcher shops and the operational facilities in the area. A total of 286 randomly selected workers were participated in this study. At the abattoirs, isolation pen for sick animals, stunning boxes, separate rooms for carcass and offal, cooling equipment and laboratories were missing facilities. Inhumane stunning, inadequate hand washing, insufficient trained workers, irregular medical checkups, and unspecified roles in the slaughtering process were practices that led to unhygienic handling of meat. At butcher shops, hand washing after meat handling (97.9%), storing leftover meat in refrigerators (80.9 %), concrete/tile floors (94.5%), and white-painted walls were good practices observed. Displaying meat at room temperature, wrapping meat with plastic bags and newspapers and untrained workers (82.6%) were practices that could compromise the quality of meat. Training was the only factor significantly associated with the hygienic practice of workers both at abattoirs (p=0.023) and butcher shops (p=0.012). Our study identified substandard facilities and unhygienic practices both at abattoirs and butcher shops that lead to microbial contamination of meat, which could be enhanced through improving operational facilities, training, and implementation of quality control systems.
Electroassisted selective and stable CO2 hydrogenation to methanol on CuZnAl catalyst beyond conventional thermal process
Authors: Zhang Suojiang , Yang Qiang , Yan Hanwen , Li Jie , Zhang Guoliang , Wang Luming , Wang Gang , Li Chunshan
Published: March 2024

Effective strategy is strongly required for efficient CO2 hydrogenation to methanol on Cu-based catalyst, considering the great significance of recycling and upgrading this greenhouse gas. Here, we report an electroassisted catalytic process for CO2 hydrogenation to methanol on CuZnAl catalyst beyond conventional thermal process. The electric field drives the formation of Cu steps with stacking faults and disordered ZnO overlayers, generation of specific Cu-ZnO (Cu2O) interfaces through their strong interactions, preferential exposure of Cu2O (110) facet and controllable balance of Cu0/Cu+ species in catalyst. These unique characteristics consequentially trigger the excellent redox properties of Cu species, CO2/CO adsorption-desorption capacities, and thermal tolerance, facilitating the formation of crucial HCOO* and CH3O* intermediates and durable catalytic stability. Only provided 0.5 W electric power can supremely promote the CO2 conversion and methanol selectivity by around 22% and 28% compared with the conventional thermal catalytic process, rendering it a promising technology for CO2 transformation.
Effect of changes in motor skill induced by educational video program to decrease lower- limb joint load during cutting maneuvers: based on musculoskeletal modeling
Authors: Kim Sungmin , So Jiho , Jeon Youngju , Moon Jeheon
Published: March 2024

Background: This study investigated the effects of changes in motor skills from an educational video program on the kinematic and kinetic variables of the lower extremity joints and knee ligament load.
Methods: Twenty participants (age: 22.2±2.60 y; height: 1.70±6.2 m; weight: 25.4±7.01 kg) were instructed to run at 4.5±0.2 m/s from a 5 m distance posterior to the force plate, land their foot on the force plate, and perform the cutting maneuver on the left. The educational video program for cutting maneuvers consisted of preparatory posture, foot landing orientation, gaze and trunk directions, soft landing, and eversion angle. The measured variables were the angle, angular velocity of lower extremity joints, ground reaction force (GRF), moment, and anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and medial collateral ligament (MCL) forces through musculoskeletal modeling.
Results: After the video feedback, the hip joint angles increased in flexion, abduction, and external rotation (p > 0.05), and the angular velocity increased in extension (p = 0.006). The ankle joint angles increased in dorsiflexion (p = 0.021), and the angular velocity decreased in dorsiflexion (p = 0.002) but increased in abduction (p = 0.002). The GRF increased in the anterior-posterior and medial-lateral directions and decreased vertically (p > 0.05). The hip joint moments decreased in extension and external rotation (p > 0.05) but increased in adduction (p = 0.038). The knee joint moments were decreased in extension, adduction, and external rotation (p > 0.05). The abduction moment of the ankle joint decreased (p = 0.000). There were differences in the support zone corresponding to 64‒87% of the hip frontal moment (p = 0.001) and 32‒100% of the hip horizontal moment (p < 0.001) and differences corresponding to 32‒100% of the knee frontal moment and 21‒100% of the knee horizontal moment (p < 0.001). The GRF varied in the support zone at 44‒95% in the medial-lateral direction and at 17‒43% and 73‒100% in the vertical direction (p < 0.001).
Conclusions: Injury prevention feedback reduced the load on the lower extremity joints during cutting maneuvers, which reduced the knee ligament load, mainly on the MCL.
Open Health Knowledge Management Platform: A Comprehensive Evaluation of a Data-centric Approach for Patient Care and Research
Authors: Schreiweis Björn , Kinast Benjamin , Ulrich Hannes , Pinto Santiago Pazmino , Bergh Björn
Published: March 2024

Background
In the evolving landscape of healthcare, the fragmented IT environment poses challenges to data utilization. This paper introduces the Open Health Knowledge Management Platform, designed to overcome data fragmentation, heterogeneity, and interoperability challenges. The platform aims to bridge the gap between research and patient care, showcased through real-world scenarios, emphasizing seamless data integration and collaborative research. The University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein's (UKSH) diverse IT landscape is a specific focus, and the platform proposes a solution to the separation between patient care and research, aligning with the Medical Informatics Initiative’s goal of efficient, unified data access.
Methods
The study evaluates the "open health knowledge management platform" designed to target data silos and interoperability issues. Utilizing the Framework for Evaluation in Design Science Research (FEDS), three hypotheses guide scenario-based evaluations: data integration, data quality, and scalability. The platform's technical evaluation, centered on interoperability, single-point-of-truth, and real-world scenarios, follows the FEDS framework and ISO/IEC 25000 standard. Three scenarios cardiology, neurology, and radiology are selected for a naturalistic, qualitative evaluation, showcasing the platform's effectiveness. The FEDS components Problem, Solution, Evaluation, and Communication guide a comprehensive understanding and dissemination of the platform's impact. The system architecture emphasizes interoperability, a single point of truth, and use case agnosticism.
Results
The Open Health Knowledge Management Platform has undergone successful evaluation at UKSH. Demonstrating adaptability across diverse data formats like HL7 V2 messages, CSV exports, and BIDS-formatted EEG data, the platform showed its efficacy in certain real-world scenarios of cardiology, neurology and radiology. Our evaluation confirms the platform’s capacity to bridge gaps between patient care and research data utilization, facilitating collaboration and advancing clinical decision-making.
Conclusion
Our evaluation of the open health knowledge management platform at UKSH reveals its capabilities in tackling data fragmentation, enhancing interoperability, and enabling seamless knowledge transfer between patient care and research. The platform's architecture and standardized terminologies significantly improved data quality and facilitated robust querying. Challenges notwithstanding, the platform demonstrated reliability in handling diverse data types, integration effectiveness, and scalability, validating our hypotheses. Ongoing development and potential quantitative measures will further enhance its applicability and performance in dynamic health care landscapes.
Values Clarity, Action, and Posttraumatic Growth Arising from the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Comeau Thea Lauree , Marjanovic Zdravko , Dhanoa Tarleen
Published: March 2024

In the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic’s peak, many individuals faced unprecedented levels of perceived threat. That being said, it has been reported that many individuals also reported positive psychological outcomes and engagement in altruistic or prosocial behaviour. This quasi-experimental study delves into the interplay of sample types (students versus community members) and sample timing (pre- and post-vaccine availability) on psychological disruption variables tied to positive psychological outcomes. Through a comprehensive questionnaire comprising seven measures, administered online to participants from distinct populations at two crucial time points, our findings unravel a compelling narrative. Notably, the community and Time 1 sample consistently exhibit heightened levels of psychological disruption, posttraumatic growth, and positive psychological outcomes. As anticipated, mediation analysis underscores the pivotal role of a disruption in core beliefs in mediating the relationship between threatening events and posttraumatic growth. This study not only sheds light on these intricate dynamics but also holds implications for researchers navigating the multifaceted landscape of psychological outcomes in the face of unprecedented global challenges.
On the (in)Efficiency of Fuzzing Network Protocols
Authors: Andarzian Seyed Behnam , Daniele Cristian , Poll Erik
Published: March 2024

Fuzzing is a great technique to find software bugs. However, certain types of systems, notably network protocols, are still challenging to fuzz because of in-efficiency. As an extended version of our previous article, we identify the root causes for overhead in fuzzing network protocols. After that, we categorize and discuss strategies for fuzzing network protocols. As a result, this article presents a comprehensive analysis of all the root causes behind the inefficiency of fuzzing network protocols and all the strategies to avoid them.
Laparoscopic approach to Acute Abdomen: A Multicenter Study
Authors: Eljack Abdelmoneim Mohammed Ali , Adam YousifAbdallah , Elhafiz Mohamed
Published: March 2024

Background
Laparoscopy has become a routine procedure for managing acute abdominal disease and can be considered an excellent therapeutic and additional diagnostic tool in select patients.
Objective
To determine the diagnostic and therapeutic value of laparoscopy for managing acute abdomen in Khartoum.
Methods
This was a prospective, descriptive, cross–sectional hospital-based study. The study was conducted in six centres around Khartoum State from October 2017 to October 2018. Patients whose laparoscopy was used for either diagnostic or therapeutic purposes for acute abdomen were selected.
Results
The mean age was 29 ± 2.3 years. The duration of symptoms in 42(70%) of the patients was 24–48 hours. The three common clinical diagnoses were acute cholecystitis in 18 patients (30%), acute appendicitis in 13 patients (21.7%), and uncertain diagnosis in 11 patients (18.3%). The most common operative findings were the pathology of the appendix 14 (23.3%) and the gallbladder 14 (23.3%). The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of laparoscopy for acute abdomen were 93.5%, 42.9%, and 81.8%, respectively. The results indicated good sensitivity, specificity, and high accuracy. The only reported immediate complication of the laparoscopic approach was bleeding in one patient. Unnecessary laparotomy was avoided in 10 patients (16.6%), 3 had lap adhesiolysis, 4 had perforated duodenal ulcers, 3 had sealed ulcers, and 1 had a graham patch. Another patient underwent foreign body (pin) removal after trauma with a pin gun, 1 had an ectopic pregnancy, and one had a cholecystostomy tube.
A diagnosis was confirmed in 11 (18.3%) patients who were classified as uncertain preoperatively.
The reported late complications were port site infection in 4 patients (6.7%) and incisional hernia in 1 patient (1.7%). The duration of surgery was less than 2 hours in 38 patients (63.3%). 47(78.3%) of the patients started oral feeding within 24 hours. The length of hospital stay was 1-2 days for 48 (80%) of the patients.
Conclusion
Emergency laparoscopy for acute abdomen surgery is safe and accurate; these techniques reduce the rate of unnecessary laparotomy and avoid delays in diagnosis.
Early Cardio-Oncology Intervention in Thoracic Radiotherapy: Results of the Cardiac Aggressive Risk Mitigation (CARMA) Pilot Study
Authors: Atkins Katelyn , Zhang Samuel , Gasho Jordan , Eno Celeste , Silos Katrina , Pendergast Felicity , Zhang Wenjuan , Vail Eric , Kamrava Mitchell , Hakimian Behrooz , Mirhadi Amin , Mak Raymond , Nikolova Andriana
Published: March 2024

Background
While there is increasing recognition of the morbidity of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in cancer survivors, including accelerated atherosclerosis following thoracic radiotherapy (RT), patients are frequently under-optimized for CV risk.
Methods
In this prospective single-arm pilot study, patients were treated with high-dose thoracic RT and had early consultation with cardio-oncology. The primary endpoint was adherence to cardio-oncology consultation. Secondary endpoints were cardio-oncology CV medication intervention rate and patient-reported intervention perspectives.
Results
Twenty patients were enrolled. The median age was 71 years. Most were female (13/20), had primary lung/mediastinal carcinoma (12/20), and 7/20 had pre-existing atherosclerotic CVD. Cardio-oncology consultation was completed in 19/20 patients and resulted in CV medication optimization changes in 12/19, most commonly to initiate/increase statin therapy. 8/12 patients with a primary cardiologist prior to enrollment had medication changes recommended. Most (12/17) were glad to learn about their heart health during cancer treatment.
Conclusions
To our best knowledge, this is the first study reporting adherence and outcomes of early cardio-oncology intervention and patient reported perspectives. We observed in this high CV risk cohort that early cardio-oncology consultation was feasible, led to CV medication optimization in majority (> 60%) of participants, was viewed positively by patients, and worthy of further study.
Mindset dynamics in clinical learning environments: Unravelling the Goldilocks paradox
Authors: Hopkins Samantha Rae , Rae Valerie Isobel , Smith Samantha E. , Tallentire Victoria R.
Published: March 2024

Background
Doctors in training (trainees) have higher rates of burnout, anxiety and depression than other professionals. An important psychological tool to combat this crisis is promotion of a growth mindset, which increases resilience and improves mental health outcomes. How growth mindset might be promoted within the clinical learning environment is underexplored. This study aimed to explore the factors promoting a growth mindset versus fixed mindset in trainees.
Methods
This constructivist study employed a novel method of encouraging reflections on mindset adoption in the clinical learning environment. Trainees played Mindset, a tabletop simulation board game that included challenges encountered within training. This was followed by a facilitated debriefing, focusing on factors that promoted growth or fixed mindset adoption in the clinical learning environment. Debriefing transcripts were analysed using template analysis.
Results
Three groups of oncology trainees and one group of medical education fellows participated (16 participants in total). Factors promoting growth mindset adoption included passion, collaboration, diverse career and role modelling. Factors promoting fixed mindset adoption included burnout and competition. Some factors, such as grit, previous success experience and singular training location promoted a fixed mindset when too much or too little were present, and promoted a growth mindset when they were in balance (the Goldilocks paradox).
Conclusions
The importance of balance versus excess of certain factors, and the ubiquitous competitive culture in medicine promoting a fixed mindset, were compelling reflections. This study may aid invested parties to reflect on what factors they can upregulate and down regulate to optimise trainees’ adoption of a growth mindset.
Treatment and Prognosis for Pancreatic Duct Disruption Associated with Pancreatic Cancer: a case series of 16 patients
Authors: Oka Yuki , Tanaka Takeshi , Kobayashi Takashi , Masuda Atsuhiro , Sakai Arata , Tsujimae Masahiro , Abe Shohei , Gonda Masanori , Masuda Shigeto , Uemura Hisahiro , Kohashi Shinya , Inomata Noriko , Nagao Kae , Harada Yoshiyuki , Miki Mika , Irie Yosuke , Juri Noriko , Ko Testuhisa , Yokotani Yusuke , Toyama Hirochika , Fukumoto Takumi , Kodama Yuzo
Published: March 2024

Pancreatic duct (PD) disruption can be attributed to pancreatic cancer. This study investigated the therapeutic modalities and prognostic implications of PD disruption in pancreatic cancer. This retrospective study included 16 patients with PD disruption concomitant with pancreatic cancer between April 2011 and March 2023. Of the 16 cases of PD disruption, 12, nine, and two included pseudocysts, infected cysts, and walled–off necrosis, respectively. Five patients underwent endoscopic pancreatic stenting, nine were managed endoscopic ultrasonography-guided pancreatic fluid collection drainage, and two were treated with lumen-apposing metal stent placement. All patients achieved both technical and clinical success without complications. The clinical stage of pancreatic cancer spanned from carcinoma in situ to the metastatic phase. For the treatment of pancreatic cancer, six patients underwent surgical resection, and eight underwent chemotherapy. No cases of peritoneal dissemination were observed. The median overall survival from the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer in the resected and non-resected cases was 2222 and 289 days, respectively. Endoscopic intervention was effective in all cases of PD disruption due to pancreatic cancer. Furthermore, even in cases of pancreatic cancer after PD disruption, survival rates were similar to those in cases without PD disruption and were achieved through surgical resection or chemotherapy.
Causal Relationship between Autoimmune Diseases and Risk of Osteonecrosis in European Population: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Lian Zheng , Zhang Fang , Wang Yongbin , Bai Wenzhe , Zhu Kai , Ma Xuexiao
Published: March 2024

Background: Prior epidemiological and observational studies have identified a series of autoimmune diseases (ADs) linked with osteonecrosis (ON), although potential confounding variables have not been fully accounted for. Furthermore, comprehensive studies elucidating the causal relationship between autoimmune diseases and osteonecrosis are lacking. Objective: This research endeavored to clarify the causal relationship between a myriad of autoimmune diseases and ON through the application of a Mendelian randomization (MR) methodology.
Methods: To explore the causal relationship between ADs and ON, Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) loci, firmly correlated with 12 autoimmune diseases including, but not limited to, type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), ankylosing spondylitis (AS), and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), as well as osteonecrosis, were chosen as instrumental variables (IV). These were sourced from both the Finnish database (Finn-Gen) and the Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) public database. Various evaluation methods, such as inverse variance weighted (IVW), Simple Mode, MR-Egger, and weighted median and model, were employed to assess the causal relationship between 12 ADs and ON. Inverse variance weighted (IVW) is a widely utilized statistical method in genetic association studies for estimating and integrating genetic effects. It is particularly relevant for estimating single genetic effects across multiple genetic variant loci. Owing to its robust causal inference capabilities, IVW was employed as the primary analytical method in this MR study. For sensitivity analysis, MR-PRESSO, inverse variance weighted, MR-Egger, and a battery of other methods were utilized.
Results: Post-MR analysis, IVW findings indicated that T1DM (OR=1.062; P=0.007), RA (OR=1.248; P=7.19×10-5), and AS (OR=8.50×1010; P=0.034) served as risk factors for osteonecrosis. Meanwhile, other autoimmune diseases such as myasthenia gravis (MG), Crohn's disease (CD), ulcerative colitis (UC), and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) did not exhibit a causal link with osteonecrosis. Additionally, the results of the reverse MR analysis failed to reveal any significant causal relationship between ON and ADs.
Conclusion: This research substantiated that T1DM, AS, and RA are prominent risk factors for osteonecrosis in European Population, utilizing a two-sample MR approach for both directions.
OptoRibo-seq for spatiotemporally resolved mapping of local protein translatome
Authors: Zou Peng , Wang Ruixuan , Wang Ruixiang , Wang Wentao , Liu Yanjun , Zheng Fu , Luo Huixin , Chen Peng
Published: March 2024

Localized protein translation occurs in numerous subcellular compartments and regulates diverse biological processes by rapidly changing protein compositions in response to subcellular needs. Existing assays for subcellular local translation either require physical isolation, which is prone to contamination and loss of material, or imaging-based readout, which is often hampered with low throughput. In this study, we report the development of optoRibo-seq method that features photoactivatable enzyme-mediated proximity labeling of ribosomes in genetically specified subcellular locations. We demonstrate the spatial specificity of optoRibo-seq at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane and mitochondrial outer membrane. OptoRibo-seq is further applied to map the dynamic changes in the ER-proximal translatome in cells undergoing chemically induced ER stress, identifying transcripts involved in protein folding and amino acid transport. Our strategy provides a general platform for spatiotemporally resolved profiling of subcellular protein translation in various organelles.
Identification of metabolism-related subtypes and feature genes in Crohn’s disease
Authors: Liu Xizhi , Gu Shanzhi , Zhao Xinhan , Zhang Yujiao
Published: March 2024

Crohn's disease is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract, capable of causing disruptions in gastrointestinal function. However, the precise etiology of the disease remains unclear at present. This study aims to analyses metabolism-related signatures to identify feature genes. To investigate potential treatment targets to improve patient prognosis. We downloaded Crohn's disease (CD) datasets from the GEO database, we identified three subtypes (MCA, MCB, MCC) through consensus cluster, as well as the correlation with immune infiltration. We selected the MCA cluster for weighted gene correlation network analysis (WGCNA). After selecting the strongly correlated red module, we identified 20 hub genes. We conducted KEGG, GO functional enrichment analyses. Further analysis using LASSO, SVM and protein-protein interaction (PPI) methods narrowed down to 11 hub genes. Taking the intersection with differentially expressed genes, we finally obtained 4 feature genes: ACTN1, MMP2, THY1, and ZCCHC24. We constructed a nomogram and used the DGIdb database for candidate drug prediction. Molecular docking validation was performed using Schrödinger software to calculate and visualize the interactions between MMP2 and 19 drugs. Through the analysis of metabolism-related signatures, we have identified 4 feature genes and used them to construct a nomogram. This model is expected to offer novel insights for clinical treatment.
SA and NHP glucosyltransferase UGT76B1 affects plant defense in both SID2- and NPR1-dependent and independent manner
Authors: Zhang Wei , Maksym Rafał , Georgii Elisabeth , Geist Birgit , Schäffner Anton
Published: March 2024

The small-molecule glucosyltransferase UGT76B1 inactivates salicylic acid (SA), isoleucic acid (ILA), and N-hydroxypipecolic acid (NHP). ugt76b1 loss-of-function plants manifest an enhanced defense status. Thus, we were interested how UGT76B1 genetically integrates in defense pathways and whether all impacts depend on SA and NHP. We study the integration of UGT76B1 by transcriptome analyses of ugt76b1. The comparison of transcripts altered by the loss of UGT76B1 with public transcriptome data reveals both SA-responsive, ISOCHORISMATE SYNTHASE 1/SALICYLIC ACID INDUCTION DEFICIENT 2 (ICS1/SID2)/NON EXPRESSOR OF PR GENES 1 (NPR1)-dependent, consistent with the role of UGT76B1 in glucosylating SA, and SA-non-responsive, SID2/NPR1-independent genes. We also discovered that UGT76B1 impacts on a group of genes showing non-SA-responsiveness and regulation by infections independent from SID2/NPR1. Resistance of ugt76b1 against Pseudomonas syringae is partially independent from SID2 and NPR1. In contrast, the ugt76b1-activated resistance is completely dependent on NHP (FLAVIN-DEPENDENT MONOOXYGENASE 1, FMO1). Moreover, FMO1 ranks top among the ugt76b1-induced SID2- and NPR1-independent pathogen responsive genes, suggesting that FMO1 determines the SID2- and NPR1-independent effect of ugt76b1. Furthermore, the genetic study revealed that FLAVIN-DEPENDENT MONOOXYGENASE 1 (FMO1), ENHANCED DISEASE SUSCEPTIBILITY 1 (EDS1), SID2, and NPR1 are required for the SA-JA crosstalk and senescence development of ugt76b1, indicating that EDS1 and FMO1 have a similar effect like stress-induced SA biosynthesis (SID2) or the key SA signaling regulator NPR1. Thus, UGT76B1 influences both SID2/NPR1-dependent and independent plant immunity, and the SID2/NPR1 independence is relying on FMO1 and its product NHP, another substrate of UGT76B1.