bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Eric Liu and Nick Hanauer,The Gardens of Democracy :
Authors: Mohammad Jihan
Published: August 2022

The book encapsulates a new conceptual approach to understanding the interconnected economic, political and social situations and systems, and how they work. Their metaphor- society is a garden- provides a vision of citizenship, democracy, and role of the government. It advocates the need to adapt to meet the prerequisites of economic, political and social evolution. The authors have drawn a comparison between gardeners and statists to highlight the complexities and limits of social policy, and urge free marketers and government to see how the system needs some tending. Gardening requires the right setting: fertile soil, good light, water, fertilizers and nurturing what we seed, and so do government, society and governance. In other words, insert proper inputs to get beneficial outputs. The writers eloquently manage to convey their noble message; that is “we harvest what we plant”.
Shiv Shanker Menon, Choices: Inside the Making of India’s Foreign Policy
Authors: Arjun
Published: August 2022

As India continues to wrestle with the Chinese military aggression in the Galwan Valley in the Union Territory of Ladakh, similarly the South East Asian nations are tackling the brazen military expansionism of the Chinese in the South China Sea. A sudden surge of hostilities triggered by China has led the world community to question Beijing’s political ambition and military aggression. In India’s context, it is all the more imperative that she comprehend the motive of the Chinese, as she has, in the recent years, encountered a rise in tensions along the India-China Border. A comprehensive answer for the Chinese posture lies in Shivshankar Menon’s ‘Choices: Inside the Making of India’s Foreign Policy’. A retired career diplomat and a former National Security Adviser to the Indian Prime Minister between 2010-14, Menon had served as India’s Ambassador to China between 2000-03. Prior to 2000-03, he served a couple of tenures in China and had also completed his PhD on ‘Ancient India-China Kingship.’
India’s 1971 Intervention :
Authors: Sharma Vaasu
Published: August 2022

Just War tradition is used to morally evaluate the warfare which nations wage against each other. This paper aims to employ Just War principles to the 1971 IndiaPakistan war, that witnessed humanitarian intervention by India in East Pakistan which later became Bangladesh. Whether Indian intervention during 1971 Bangladesh liberation war fulfils the criteria of ‘just’ humanitarian intervention? This paper aims to investigate this related question by examining India’s intervention in East Pakistan from the perspective of Just War Theory principles. The paper initially explains the theoretical concept of Just War theory and then explains the notion of humanitarian intervention within the realm of Just War tradition advocated by Michael Walzer. Further the paper provides a brief background of genesis of 1971 war and Pakistan’s claim to sovereignty over East Pakistan citing UN Charter. Paper then delves upon the arguments provided by the Indian side in favour of Just Humanitarian Intervention in the backdrop of increasing brutality by Pakistan. Paper further, broadly assesses India’s intervention in terms of Jus Ad Bellum and six principles associated with it and also Jus in Bello and its subsequent principles. Paper finally concludes that India’s Intervention was in conformity with Just War Principles.
Rene Rieger, Saudi Arabian Foreign Relations :
Authors: Hussain Zakir
Published: August 2022

Sitting on the largest oil reserve, and being the largest oil producer and economy in the Arab world, Saudi Arabia’s role in maintaining regional peace and stability becomes decisive. The global powers such as the US, European countries, China and India also look upon Riyadh to undertake regional responsibilities and work towards stabilizing the region. Over the period, Saudi Arabia has evolved and tested some of the tools and approaches to handle international and intra-regional problems. Partially, this is shaped by its own national objectives and partially by its determination and ambition to play a role in global and regional affairs. However, most of the region experts believe that the Middle East will remain under turmoil till at least three issues remain at the helm; first, the region continues to be the top supplier of modern fuel and keep influencing the hydrocarbons driven lifestyle in the world; second, Israel-Palestine issue remains unsolved; and third, continuation of the non-representative government in the region.
How to Avoid the Next War in East Asia
Authors: Ferrer Robert
Published: August 2022

For a small country like the Philippines, watching the rise of Asia and the relative decline of the West hearkens its people to re-examine their past in the light of recent geo-political shifts. How is a nation to survive obvert and subversive political violence from State enemies? The answer is to find strength from collective resolve against aggression and intimidation by the world's latest bullies, by taking refuge in the rule of law embodied by the United Nations, and in collective security arrangements with fellow democracies and like-minded allies. Like most global upheavals, this storm would pass over
Location Privacy Protection for IoT-based WBANs using Anonymous Authentication and Improved AES Encryption
Authors:   Department of CSE, Stella Mary’s College Of Engineering, Sarmy S.V Beutlin
Published: August 2022

Advances in wireless communications, embedded systems, and integrated circuit technologies have enabled the wireless body area network (WBAN) to become a promising networking paradigm. Over the last decade, as an important part of the Internet of Things, we have witnessed WBANs playing an increasing role in modern medical systems because of its capabilities to collect real-time biomedical data through intelligent medical sensors in or around the patients' body and send the collected data to remote medical personnel for clinical diagnostics. WBANs not only bring us conveniences but also bring along the challenge of keeping data's confidentiality and preserving patients' privacy. In the previous, anonymous authentication (AA) schemes for WBANs were proposed to enhance security by protecting patients' identities and by encrypting medical data. However, many of these schemes are not secure enough. The AA scheme for WBANs and point out that it is not secure for medical applications by proposing an impersonation attack. In this project, propose an Improved AES with secure anonymous authentication framework for WBANs and prove that it is provably secure. The comprehensive analysis section shows that the proposed scheme overcomes the security weaknesses in the existing schemes and also provides low computation cost during anonymous authentication. Keywords—: Cross-modality, contrast enhancement, 2D histogram specification (HS), SSIM gradient, tumor segmentation.
STUDY OF PROGRESSIVE COLLAPSE ON MULTI-STORIED STEEL STRUCTURE
Authors: K Nandini
Published: August 2022

Progressive collapse is a catastrophic chain reaction of failure initiated by loss of vertical bearing load element of the structure resulting in damage of a part of the structure or entire structure. In the current study, it is intended to investigate the progressive collapse potential of multi-storied steel structure according to IS 1893:2002. The buildings include regular and irregular plans of total 5 models with column removed at three different locations at first storey in order to study consequences and check safety of adjacent members. Pushover Analysis is also conducted for all the models. The seismic response of steel structure in terms of performance point and the effect of earthquake forces on multi storey building with the help of pushover analysis is carried out in this paper. Modelling and Analysis of the buildings are performed using ETABS 2017. Key Words: Progressive collapse, DCR ratio, Pushover Analysis, Performance point, Hinge Formation
Cloud-based technologies for postgraduate teacher education
Authors: Kaplun S. V.
Published: August 2022

Today, reports about the use of the Internet in the educational process is almost no surprise, because it seems that everyone has long agreed on the need for information and communication support training in general education and higher education. However, the actual practice of using these opportunities in many Ukrainian schools, in our opinion, is very far from what is necessary. Often a teacher's work on the Internet is limited to searching and downloading "methodological developments", as well as communication in social networks. Therefore, the urgent task of the system of training and professional development of teachers is to form the necessary ideas about the methodology and didactic capabilities of the global network and, in particular, cloud technologies.
Cloud technologies in the system of certification of specialists in the construction industry
Authors: Ruban Yu. Ya. , Vovk A. I. , Hirnyk A. V.
Published: August 2022

The world experience of the construction industry points to the need to permanently improve the qualifications of builders. Thus, in the analytical report of the world experience on technical regulation in construction it is pointed out to the regularity of activities to improve the qualifications of specialists in the construction industry. For this purpose the mechanism of conformity assessment is applied, which means the activity aimed at verification and confirmation of fulfillment of the given requirements, in particular to a person or body. Conformity assessments are subject not only to products, but also to the activities of people involved in the manufacture of products. With regard to real estate objects, not only the final products of construction activities - buildings and structures - but also the construction materials and products used for their construction, construction documents, as well as the activities of persons involved in the training of designers and builders; the professional activities of designers and builders, as well as the activities of persons regulating the activities of designers, builders, builders and owners of facilities are subject to evaluation.
Using cloud technologies to enhance students' independent work
Authors: Lytvyn V. A.
Published: August 2022

Improving the quality of higher education today involves abandoning the transfer of knowledge from the teacher to the student in ready-made form. It is necessary to transform a future specialist from a passive consumer of knowledge into an active searcher of knowledge, who can formulate a problem, analyze the ways of its solution, find the best result and prove its correctness. Strengthening the role of students' independent work means a fundamental revision of the educational process organization at a higher education institution, which should be built so as to develop the ability to learn, form a student's ability for self-development, creative application of acquired knowledge, teach ways of adapting to professional activities in the modern computerized world. Independent activity is one of the most accessible and reliable ways of improving the effectiveness of learning and enhancing the learning process.
Building cloud-based networking products for school education
Authors: Olevska Yu. B. , Olevskyi V. I. , Sydorenkov Ye. Ye. , Klymenko D. V.
Published: August 2022

In the development and implementation of software tools and networking technologies in secondary schools, the most acute issues are the availability of modern computers and programs, technical support for the performance of information products, providing selective access for students to specific network resources. Traditional methods require, as a rule, the purchase of modern equipment, the introduction of valuable software products and the need to keep a system programmer to support and periodically update them, which sharply narrows the range of educational institutions that can benefit from such activities. In contrast, the methodology proposed by the authors, based on cloud computing technology, overcomes these difficulties while introducing students to the most promising areas of modern information product development.
Nilai-Nilai Pendidikan Anti Korupsi Dalam Kearifan Lokal Masyarakat Bali
Authors: Hadriani Ni Luh Gede
Published: August 2022

Since the first, the Indonesian government has taken various actions to eradicate corruption, but it turns out that corruption tends to exist and continues to increase both in quantity and quality. The disease of corruption that afflicts our nation cannot be left alone, a solution must be found, namely by exploring the values of anti-corruption education that exist in the local wisdom of the Balinese people, such as; the value of honesty, namely the teachings of Tri Kaya Pari Sudha (think good, say good and do good). Purusa Artha's chess teachings also teach to behave honestly in seeking Artha (wealth), discipline, namely the voice of the kulkul which means calling the community to come on time, courage, which is mesantalan activities, justice, namely the same teachings, different, funds and danda, hard work is there feeling embarrassed, independence, namely the teachings of swadharma, caring, namely the teachings of tatwamasi, simplicity. Keywords: Anti-Corruption Educational Values and Local Wisdom
REPRESENTASI EKOLEKSIKON DALAM TEMBANG SEKAR RARÉ DAN EKSISTENSINYA DI LINGKUNGAN ANAK-ANAK
Authors: Suari A.A. Pt.
Published: August 2022

Sekar Raré is Balinese game folksongs for children. This paper discusses the forms of lexicons related to ecology in Sekar Raré folksongs. The object of this qualitative descriptive study is the text of Balinese kid’s folksongs which are grouped into three types, namely dolanan, gending jangér, and gending Sang Hyang. The data collection grouped and interpreted using the perspective of ecolinguistic theory. The results showed that the ecolexicon in Sekar Raré folksongs are (1) flora lexicons (tunjung, dapdap, poh,…) and fauna lexicons (meong, goak, bé,…); (2) derivative word forms (padi, mamula, durén-durén,…); (3) onomatopoeia (kung kék kék kung kék kong); and (4) nouns (dongkang), adjectives (miik), verbs (mencar). 50.4% of students grade 7 until 9 no longer sing Sekar Raré and only 49.5% of students still sing the songs for certain activities. Students are familiar with ecolexicons such as semut api, mencar, dungki, waluh, and alang-alang. However, while just a few are familiar with the sesapi putih, sowane, katilampo nguda, nunun, and pudak.Keywords: Balinese, Sekar Raré, Ecolinguistics
MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MENULIS PUISI BALI MODERN DENGAN MENERAPKAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE TEAM ASSISTED INDIVIDUALIZATION (TAI) PADA SISWA KELAS VII H SMP DHARMA WIWEKA DENPASAR TAHUN PELAJARAN 2021/2022”
Authors: Dewi Arya Suci Ratna
Published: August 2022

The ability to write modern Balinese poetry in class VII H SMP Dharma Wiweka Denpasar  is still low. To overcome this, the researcher offers to apply the Team Assisted Individualization type of cooperative learning model. The formulation of the problem in this study are: (1) Can the application of the Team Assisted Individualization (TAI) learning model improve the ability to write modern Balinese poetry for students of class VII H SMP Dharma Wiweka Denpasar ? (2) How are the students of class VII H SMP Dharma Wiweka Denpasar responding to the application of the Team Assisted Individualization (TAI) learning model? The application of the Team Assisted Individualization (TAI) learning model can improve the ability to write modern Balinese poetry in class VII H SMP Dharma Wiweka Denpasar . This can be seen from the test results of students in the first cycle obtaining an average score of 76.19 with a total percentage of 71.79%. In the second cycle there was an increase with an average score of 83.14 with a total percentage of 89.74%, besides that an increase also occurred in student responses with an average score of 12.43 in the first cycle to 16.76 in the second cycle from a maximum score of 20 with a very positive category. It is recommended that Balinese language teachers apply the Team Assisted Individualization (TAI) learning model in learning to write modern Balinese poetry, students are advised to improve their abilities by practicing more in writing modern Balinese poetry, for the school the Team Assisted Individualization (TAI) learning model can be used as a learning model. material for consideration to be applied to other lessons. Keywords: Team Assisted Individualization (TAI) model, writing modern Balinese poetry.
PENDIDIKAN KESEHATAN MENINGKATKAN PENGETAHUAN DAN KESIAPAN MENGHADAPI MENARCHE PADA SISWI USIA 9-12 TAHUN
Authors: Fatmawati Lilis , Syaiful Yuanita , Tamada Merinne
Published: August 2022

Menarche adalah haid yang pertama kali yang baru datang setelah berumur 10 – 16 tahun. Ketidaktahuan anak tentang menstruasi dapat mengakibatkan anak sulit untuk menerima menarche. Pendidikan kesehatan tentang menarche dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kesiapan dalam menghadapi menarche. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh Pendidikan kesehatan  terhadap pengetahuan dan kesiapan menghadapi menarche.
Metode penelitian ini menggunakan pre eksperimental one group pre-post test design dengan menggunakan total sampling berjumlah 21 siswi usia 9-12 tahun di SDN 2 Sidomoro Gresik.  Variabel independen adalah pendidikan kesehatan dan variabel dependen adalah pengetahuan dan kesiapan menghadapi menarche. Pengumpulan data menggunakan instrumen SAP dan leaflet untuk pendidikan kesehatan, sedangkan pengetahuan dan kesiapan menghadapi menarche menggunakan kuesioner. Pemberian pendidikan kesehatan dilakukan 1 kali dengan  durasi 30 menit. Data di analisis dengan uji Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test dengan tingkat signifikan p<ɑ (0,05).
Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan peningkatan pengetahuan dan tingkat kesiapan responden menghadapi menarche. Sebelum diberikan pendidikan kesehatan  terdapat 100% pengetahuan kurang dan 100% siswi tidak siap saat menghadapi menarche dan sesudah diberikan pendidikan kesehatan terdapat 100% pengetahuan baik dan 100% siswi siap menghadapi menarche. Hasil uji wilcoxon diketahui  p=0.000 < 0,05 artinya ada pengaruh pendidikan kesehatan terhadap pengetahuan dan kesiapan siswi menghadapi menarche.
Pendidikan kesehatan dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kesiapan dalam menghadapi menarche, sehingga diharapkan dapat dijadikan sarana promosi atau edukasi kesehatan kepada siswi tentang pentingnya mempersiapkan dari berbagai aspek dalam menghadapi menarche.
IDENTIFIKASI FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KECEMASAN PASIEN DALAM MENJALANI ENDOSKOPI
Authors: Wiratmo Puji Astuti , Hijriyati Yoanita , Sumiati Erni
Published: August 2022

Endoskopi merupakan prosedur  pemeriksaan diagnostik dan pengobatan teraupetik untuk menyederhanakan tindakan operatif pada gangguan saluran cerna. Endoskopi dapat menimbulkan kecemasan bagi pasien sehingga menjadi hambatan bagi pasien yang akan menjalankan tindakan endoskopi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kecemasan pasien dalam menjalani endoskopi.
Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik korelatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Sebanyak 43 pasien yang akan menjalani endoskopi di RSUD Tarakan direkrut dalam penelitian ini secara total sampling. Tingkat kecemasan pasien diukur dengan menggunakan instrumen DASS-42.
Hasil analisa bivariat dengan uji Chi square didapatkan terdapat hubungan antara usia, jenis kelamin dan tingkat pendidikan dengan kecemasan pasien yang menjalani endoskopi.
Pengkajian tingkat kecemasan pada pasien yang akan menjalani tindakan invasive endoskopi perlu dilakukan oleh perawat  untuk menurunkan pengalaman buruk endoskopi dan terdeteksinya tingkat kecemasan tinggi menentukan diperlukannya tindakan kolaboratif pada pasien yang akan menjalani endoskopi.
EFEKTIVITAS PENGELOLAAN KAS DALAM PENINGKATAN PENDAPATAN USAHA TOKO DUTA JAYA KOSAMBI KARAWANG
Authors: Alimin Putra Sofyan , Hidayaty Dwi Epty , Rosmawati Ery
Published: August 2022

Toko Duta Jaya bergerak di bidang asesoris mobil, kemudian memperluas usahanya ke jenis usaha petshop. Sebuah tempat usaha harus memperhatikan pengelolaan kas dengan baik dalam memenuhi kewajiban jangka pendek tersebut dengan menentukan tingkat pendapatan usaha. Penulis melakukan pengamatan dan penelitian khusus ke jenis usaha petshop tersebut dimana pendapatan di Toko “Duta Jaya Kosambi” mengalami penurunan pendapatan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengeluaran dan penerimaan kas pada toko dan juga bagaimana pada Toko Duta Jaya dengan cara melihat pengelolaan kas dan pendapatan di Toko Petshop tersebut. Pihak toko juga menggunakan sistem yang disebut Moka Pos sistem untuk mengelola kas dan juga penjualanya. Toko Duta Jaya petshop berdiri sejak akhir tahun 2018. Adanya pengelolaan kas yang memadai diharapkan akan meningkatkan efektivitas dan efisiensi kerja pada akhirnya akan meningkatkan pendapatan menggunakan rasio efektivitas. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan deskriptif kualitatif, dengan melakukan observasi dan wawancara langsung kepada responden, dalam hal ini data bersumber dari pemilik usaha Toko Duta Jaya sebagai responden dimana semua informasi mengenai pengelolaan kas dan data toko dikumpulkan untuk diolah oleh penulis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perputaran kas berpengaruh positif terhadap pendapatan, dimana dapat terlihat dari penerimaan pendapatan dan pengeluaran kas pada Toko Duta Jaya sudah memadai dan berjalan secara efektif dan efisien dalam meningkatkan pendapatan berdasarkan hasil perhitungan rasio penerimaan sebesar 1,28. Hasil penelitian memberikan gambaran kepada pihak toko dalam peningkatan pendapatan perlu adanya usaha lebih giat lagi dalam mempromosikan usahanya dapat melalui internet marketing, website atau social media.
THE USE OF MIND MAPPING TECHNIQUE ON STUDENTS’ ABILITY TO WRITE A RECOUNT TEXT
Authors: Hartiwi Ani , Sutisna Entis , Kurniati Nur Utami Sariat
Published: August 2022

Writing is one of the language skills that should be mastered by the students. According to pre research observation, they still got some difficulties when they were asked to write English text. Developing ideas is one of their difficulties in writing. Hence, an appropriate technique is required to help students overcome this problem. This study is conducted to find out the effect of using mind mapping technique on students‟ ability to write a recount text. Pre Experimental method and One Group pretest-posttest design are used in this study. First grade students of SMA Negeri 1 Cigombong are chosen as the sample. They are 32 students, all in one class. Purposive sampling technique is used to choose the sample. The data are collected through pre-test and post-test in the form of writing test. Then, t-test is used to analyze the data. The result of analysis shows that the value of t -test is 23.29 and the value of t-table at  0.05 level of significance is 2.04. This indicates that the value of t - calculated  is  higher  than  t-table,  hence  null  hypothesis  is  rejected  and  alternative  hypothesis  is accepted. Thus, it is concluded that there is an effect of using mind mapping technique on students‟ ability to write a recount text. Keywords: Writing ability, Recount text, Mind mapping technique.
Code Switching and Code Mixing in Teaching and Learning of English as a Second Language: Building on Knowledge
Authors: Ezeh Nnenna Gertrude , Umeh Ifeoma Ann , Anyanwu Esther Chikaodi
Published: August 2022

The primary goal of language teaching is to afford learners, proficiency in communicating in the target language, self-development as well as intercultural understanding of languages in the learning process. The teacher is therefore charged with the task of selecting appropriate strategies to effectively achieve his pedagogic goals, one of which is the use of Code switching and Code mixing. Traditionally, this strategy has been viewed negatively as signs of deficiencies in a speaker, though in a typical multilingual setting, speakers tend to select multiple codes or mix languages they consider appropriate to facilitate and clarify meanings in their language expressions. This study intends to project the socio- linguistic functions inherent in code switching and mixing that can help ESL students transcend from the known (L1) to the unknown (L2), especially in learning complex language contents; making the teacher’s work, productive and less strenuous. A quantitative methodology was adopted to ascertain the efficacy of code switching and mixing as a teaching strategy. The results revealed that Code switching and mixing have progressive and positive effects in language learning, both for the teacher and learners in the ESL situation.
Static Dielectric Constants, Densities, Refractive Indices and Related Properties of Binary Mixtures at Various Temperatures Under Atmospheric Pressure
Authors: NAVARKHELE Vaijanath , NAVARKHELE Aishwarya
Published: August 2022

Experimental dielectric constants at (293.15, 298.15, 303.15) K, densities and refractive indices at 293.15 K are reported for water- ethanol and water- n-butanol binary mixture systems over the entire volume fraction range and atmospheric pressure. From the experimental dielectric data, the excess dielectric constant, effective Kirkwood correlation factor, Bruggeman factor and from density and refractive index data various parameters and their excess properties like excess density, excess refractive index, excess molar polarization, and excess molar volume were estimated and reported in the study. The static dielectric constant of the studied binary mixtures decreases with increase in temperature and volume fraction of the solutes. The density values are decreasing and refractive indices are increasing with increasing volume fraction of ethanol and n-butanol in water. Excess molar volumes values of ethanol and n-butanol are negative over the entire volume fraction range shows the presence of intermolecular interaction and hydrogen bonding in both the binary mixtures.
Toxicity of Acephate to Liver and Kidney of Female Wistar Rats
Authors: Ekta Jain  , Nisha Vashishat
Published: August 2022

Acephate is a broad spectrum insecticide used against pests of vegetables, cotton and ornamental plants. In the present study, acephate was orally administered to female wistar rats to examine its toxic effects, if any, at dose level of 1/50th, 1/25th and 1/10th of LD50 value along with a control group for 45 days. Results revealed a remarkable decrease in the feed intake of 1/10th acephate treated rats during 5th and 6th week of treatment. The net body weights and liver weight decreased non-significantly to a small extent over 45 days of treatment. The weight of kidney and content of total soluble protein decreased significantly in a dose dependent manner in treated rats. The significant alterations in the activity of antioxidative enzymes i.e. glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-S-transferase, glutathione reductase, superoxide dismutase, catalase and lipid peroxidation levels were observed. The appearance of comet in 1/10th dosed rats indicated DNA damage. Further, no formation of concentric rings in treated rats indicated the absence or low concentration of antibodies in the serum.
Assessing the Radiation Hormesis on the Reproductive Behaviour of Male Spodoptera litura (F.) Treated with Low Dose Ionizing Radiation in the Pre-imaginal Stages
Authors: Neha Vimal  , Madhumita Sengupta  , Nilza Angmo  , R K Seth
Published: August 2022

The quality of the mass reared insects plays a crucial role in effective operation of radiation mediated inherited sterility (IS) programme, proposed to suppress the lepidopteran pest Spodoptera litura (F.). In this context, the low dose of ionizing radiation (LDIR) was assessed to have any stimulatory effect on the reproductive behaviour of male moths treated as 0-1 day old egg, third instar larva (L3) or 2-3 days old pupa. Radiation hormesis was observed in the mating success of males treated at 0.75 Gy and 1 Gy in both egg and L3 stages. Invitro sperm activation assay indicated more sperm activity during peak plateau phase in moths derived from treated egg (0.75Gy, 1 Gy) and treated L3 (1 Gy). These findings implicit beneficial effect on sperm activity and mating success of male S. litura, which might further improve mating competitiveness of male moths to be used in IS technique.
Cercetări privind crearea liniilor consangvinizate și a hibrizilor de porumb timpuriu
Authors: BOROZAN Pantelimon , MUSTEAŢA Simion , SPÎNU Valentina , SPÎNU Alexei , STATNIC Mihail
Published: August 2022

The paper presents the synthesis of multiannual investigations concerning the development of inbred lines and early maize hybrids. 2874 sources were used over the period 1981-2020 for inbreeding and phenotypical selection, out of which 532 constant families were selected and were subject to preliminary assessment in terms of their production capacity, then transferred to the operational collection. The consequent testing resulted in the selection of 36 original lines used as parents of registered hybrids. At present, the related crosses – 56,7%, single cross hybrids – 31,6%, backcrosses – 11,4% and foreign hybrids – 0,3% are used as sources of initial material. The germplasm of alternative heterotic groups Reid Iodent – 40,1%, Euroflint – 28,9%, BSSS-B37 – 12,6%, Lancaster – 11,6%, Dent mixt – 4,0% and Dent canadian – 2,8% predominates in the lines’ pedigree. The heterotic patterns Reid Iodent x Euroflint and Reid Iodent x BSSS-B37 are mostly used for hybrid development. The production of commercial seeds for export is assured by 9 registered hybrids FAO 160-240 registered in Belarus. The hybrids Porumbeni 310, Porumbeni 305 and Alimentar 325 are used for cultivation in the Republic of Moldova.
Stafilinidofauna (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae) rezervației naturale de stat „Plaiul fagului”
Authors: MIHAILOV Irina
Published: August 2022

Staphylinids (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae) are insects playing an important role in nature. They serve as indicators for various habitat types and are actively involved in regulating the density of some invertebrate species. The research aimed to inventory the staphylinid species in the State Nature Reserve „Plaiul Fagului”. In order to determine the Staphylinidae fauna framework, the author used the material collected in the period 2020-2021 and analysed literature data on staphylinids collected in previous periods (2005-2018). The paper presents a list of 46 species, highlighting the most important aspects characterizing this group as a whole. The list includes 3 staphylinids with the status of new species for the fauna of „Plaiul fagului” Reserve and for the Republic of Moldova, namely: Phloeopora concolor (Kraatz, 1856), Acylophorus glaberrimus (Herbst, 1784) and Xantholinus sublinearis (Coiffait, 1970).
Municipal solid waste management in Bandung, Indonesia: is incineration the right way to treat your waste?
Authors: MAREŠ Kryštof , MAREŠOVÁ Denisa , ALEXIOU-IVANOVA Tatiana , SATYAKTI Yayan , FURCULIȚA Adrian
Published: August 2022

Globally, the most used waste treatment method is landfilling, although (improper) landfilling, which is typical for developing countries, has no material or energy recovery possibility compared with other treatment methods. In Indonesia, open dumping on final disposal sites covers most of the treated waste, which is an even worse method than landfilling in terms of environmental issues. The main objective of this article is to evaluate the feasibility of the waste-to-energy solution/waste incineration approach for proper and sustainable waste management in Bandung. A big issue of municipal solid waste is the organic portion of waste, as most emissions and pollution come from organic waste and improper handling. A specific objective is to conduct the risk analysisof an incineration plant model and to compare the environmental impact of incineration vs landfilling. The input data for the assessment will be obtained from the laboratory analyses of solid waste samples collected from the Sarimukti disposal site. The lab analyses will comprise the determination of fractional composition (biodegradable and non-biodegradable compounds like food waste, paper, textiles, plastics) and physico-chemical properties (such as moisture content, calorific values, trace elements). The research will also include general calculations of energy balance and economic costs of the incineration plant. Thus, the selected criteria will assess the following aspects of the incineration plant model: technical, environmental, social, energy, and economic.
Evaluarea performanțelor ecologice ale motorului cu aprindere prin comprimare alimentat cu diverse tipuri de combustibili
Authors: BANARI Eduard
Published: August 2022

The research reflected in this study aimed to determine the ecological performance of the compression ignition engine (4DC (110X125) powered by diesel oil, rapeseed biodiesel (B 100) and diesel oil-biodiesel mixture (B20 (diesel oil 80% + biodiesel 20%), B50 (diesel oil 50% + biodiesel 50%)), based on experimental tests at the stand. The purpose was achieved by using a gas analyzer (Cartec CET 2000) that allowed the measurement of the concentration of pollutant emissions from exhaust gases at various loads and speeds of diesel engine operation. It was established that powering the engine with biodiesel and diesel oil-biodiesel mixture produces a minimal impact on the environment by reducing the concentration of harmful substances emitted into the atmosphere.
Studiul privind instalația pentru uscarea semințelor în strat suspendat
Authors: POPESCU Victor , BALAN Mihail , BEȘLEAGĂ Igor , NESTERENCO Constantin , BALAN Tatiana , DICHII Alexandru
Published: August 2022

The paper is focused on streamlining the seed drying process using the method of suspended layer treatment. The research was carried out with three types of oilseeds (grape, sea buckthorn seeds and linseeds), based on an experimental drying plant using convection and SHF as treatment agents. The results demonstrated that seed treatment process in a suspended layer ensures the increase of the speed and reduces the drying time. Moreover, the application of the developed installation allows to reduce the consumption of electricity and to reduce the costs of technological processing.
Ideology as a cover up: Community policing in Norway
Authors: Larsson Paul
Published: August 2022

Ideology as a cover up: Community policing in Norway

The article will analyse the concept of community policing in Norway. The analyses will mainly be based on three important publications, the white-paper “The Role of the Police in Society” from 1981, “The Police reform 2000. A Safer Society” from 2000 and “The Role and Tasks of the Police” published in 2005. The concept community policing, which to a high degree is American, is not easily translatable to Nordic languages. In Norway in the 80s and early 90s the term near police “nærpoliti” or local police was popular, and primarily used to describe organisational reforms in eastern parts of Oslo and certain other towns of Norway. The term is to a certain degree still in use at least in official publications, but it has in many ways changed in content and meaning. Holmberg (2004) has described the rise and fall of community policing in Scandinavia. His general description of a loss of momentum and recession in the development of community policing is supported here. This paper starts out with the hypotheses that the idea of community policing gradually lost its importance in Norway for two reasons. The first explanation has to do with the still rather strong and popular local police, the Lensmann (sheriff). Norway, which is a largely rural society, is divided into 374 sheriff districts. This means that the sheriff is a well known person and institution for many Norwegians. This type of community policing has a tradition that stretches back more than a thousand years. The other reason is that the general ideals and goals stated in official publications and papers for the Norwegian police harmonise to a very high degree with the ideals of community policing. This means that the idea of community policing already is deeply rooted as a central value concerning the police.
Professional disobedience
Authors: Böing Bas
Published: August 2022

Professional disobedience: The impact of technology and multilevel dispatching on police practice

This article draws on a field experiment that took place in Amsterdam in 2012 to examine the impact of technology on police practice. The experiment consisted of four simulated robberies in which the use of the global positioning system (GPS) and short data service (SDS) were systematically varied (in a 2x2 between-subjects design) with different levels of operational command. The experiment resulted in faster coordination and less radio traffic. But this experiment also showed something else: almost all operational units displayed more or less disobedient behaviour. They deliberately deviated from orders to go to particular locations in the city to search for the suspects. In this article it is argued that this behaviour can be explained through officers’ situational awareness and the use of SDS. Additional interviews and group discussions further indicate that the lack of trust and hierarchical control may also have contributed to this behaviour. It is the question whether the findings of this study covers the current state of police practice in the Netherlands and perhaps beyond. This remains a subject for further study. The results from this experiment can be valuable for analysis in social behaviour studies among police units.
Burnout as predictor of aggressivity among police officers
Authors: Queirós Cristina , Kaiseler Mariana , Leitão da Silva António
Published: August 2022

Burnout as predictor of aggressivity among police officers

This paper aims to understand the relationship between aggressivity and burnout among police officers, more precisely, it investigates whether burnout is a predictor of aggressivity among police officers. The study focuses on the relationship between burnout and aggressivity, using regression analysis to identify aggressivity predictors. The Maslach Burnout Inventory was used to measure burnout, while the Aggression Questionnaire was used to measure aggressivity. A cross-sectional study collected data from 274 male police officers (from PSP – Portuguese Police of Public Security) exercising urban patrol tasks in Porto or Lisbon. Low burnout and moderate aggressivity levels were found, with positive significant correlations. Regression analysis reveals that burnout, more than socio-demographic characteristics, predicts 13% to 22% of aggressivity. In particular, feelings of high depersonalisation and low personal accomplishment are the burnout dimensions that most strongly explain anger and aggressivity, whereas emotional exhaustion only explains 4% of verbal aggression. The study highlights the need to develop prevention strategies of stress, aiming to avoid the development of burnout as occupational chronic stress, and decreasing the risk of developing aggressivity among police officers. Despite the wide literature in the area of police officers’ burnout and individual characteristics (e.g. aggressivity proneness as a personality trait), there is limited research on the relationship between burnout and aggressivity. Within democratic societies where excessive use of force by police officers is criticised, aggressivity predicted by burnout reinforces the need to prevent occupational stress that leads to burnout.
Capacity building and the Afghan National Police
Authors: Boyd Gavin , Marnoch Gordon
Published: August 2022

Capacity building and the Afghan National Police: Views from the frontline

The article reports on a study of an intelligence management capacity building programme involving former Police Service of Northern Ireland officers mentoring members of the Afghan National Police. The study contributes to the formative evaluation of a policy transfer based on principles and practices developed in Northern Ireland. A short discussion of Afghanistan, policing, intelligence management and policy transfer is provided, before attention is given to the capacity building programme. The study is context rich drawing on qualitative data. Analysis draws on face to face interviews conducted with mentors working with the ANP during 2010-2012. Interview questions were broad in nature encouraging respondents to discuss implementation in their own terms. Respondents generally concluded policy transfer was viable but were in a position to provide a great deal of information on the Afghan context and how specific problems occurred during implementation of the capacity building programme. Cultural issues, corruption and resource constraints presented obstacles to the transfer as did the general absence of a bureaucratic basis for managing the ANP. Violence and physical geography presented rather less of a problem than was anticipated. The need to learn more about appropriate inter-personal skills in capacity building emerged as a significant finding. Such knowledge is currently undervalued in policy transfer within the policing sector.
Two systems, one challenge?
Authors: Hufnagel Saskia
Published: August 2022

Two systems, one challenge? Comparing legal regulation on police co-operation in Australia and Europe

This article compares of legal harmonisation with a view to facilitating police cooperation in the EU and Australia. It addresses the main processes of harmonisation and the parallel strategies of mutual recognition and the creation broad legal frameworks in relation to both systems. The legal analysis is complemented by interviews with practitioners in the field to assess the impact of legal initiatives on actual police cooperation practice. It is argued that both systems have developed distinctive strategies to promote police cooperation through legal harmonisation, but that Australia, due to its federal political structure, has more potential to achieve harmonised and even uniform legislation within its states. However, the strategies developed in the EU to promote cooperation without legal harmonisation and in particular broad legal frameworks have created a high level of regional practitioner initiative promoting bilateral and multilateral formalisation of cooperation strategies that cannot be observed in Australia. Both entities have hence developed distinct structures that might be relevant to the respective other system. This study is the first to compare the Australian federal system of cooperation with the EU.
Plural Policing of Public Places in France
Authors: Bonnet François , de Maillard Jacques , Roché Sebastian
Published: August 2022

Plural Policing of Public Places in France: Between Private and Local Policing

This paper analyzes the changing public/private as well as central/local relationships for the provision of public security in public places in France. It describes the emergence and development of a now frequent public-private mix in policing, based on the hot issue of regulating social behaviours in public places. The significance of the French model in terms of the nature of privatization and pluralization is then discussed and compared to international trends. The rise of a local level public-private mix, while not unique in Europe, appears as a major shift in a French environment traditionally characterized by the structural centralization of its public forces.
Minority Police Officers in the French Police
Authors: Gauthier Jérémie , Lévy René
Published: August 2022

Minority Police Officers in the French Police: The ‘Republican tradition’ and the Workplace Experience of Minority Officers

This article discusses the situation of police officers from visible ethnic minorities within the French National Police Force. Part one deals with the main ideological and institutional factors responsible for the longstanding refusal to consider the issue of ethnicity in the police institution and goes on to describe the more pragmatic attitude prevailing within that institution in recent years, in spite of some resistance. Part two describes the tangible problems encountered by officers from minority groups as uncovered in a field study conducted in the Paris area.
A Divided Fraternity
Authors: Franko Katja , Gundhus Helene O.I.
Published: August 2022

A Divided Fraternity: Transnational Police Cultures, Proximity, and Loyalty

Based on extensive interviews with officers participating in the operations of the EU external border control agency, Frontex, the article examines the nature of police culture and, in particular, the role of social and cultural proximity in transnational policing and its implications for our understanding of police loyalty and accountability. Precisely the possibility of proximity, of being “where the action is” and developing personal bonds and networks, is what makes this type of work attractive to the officers and is an important motivational driving force behind the agency’s dynamic expansion. The findings therefore support the orthodox accounts of police culture, which stress the importance of physical action, excitement and informal connections, rather than legal regulatory frameworks and formal and technological connections. However, by examining Frontex through the social dimensions of proximity, the article also brings attention to important internal divisions, cultural differences and divided loyalties within what might at first appear as a unitary culture of transnational policing. This is important for understanding the dynamics of closure, insularity and lack of accountability which has been a defining and problematic feature of transnational policing. The article concludes by discussing the implications of the empirical findings for bringing into light previously unexamined potential for greater openness and for improving the democratic ethos within the field.
Policing on Shaky Ground?
Authors: Kremer Jens
Published: August 2022

Policing on Shaky Ground?: Fundamental Rights Standards for Employing New Security Technologies for Public Surveillance

This article addresses the use of security and surveillance technologies through police forces. It looks at the growing importance of mass-surveillance technologies for policing and with that, how general information gathering by police forces increasingly blur the borders between targeted and non-targeted surveillance. As a consequence, modern surveillance interferes with established national and international rights frameworks. The questions discussed relate to the legal basis of employing such technologies and in how far such technologies per se create legal problems. This article argues that information on the nature of technologies in the hand of police forces cannot be secret by default and that surveillance and control capabilities need to be transparent and information on the deployment possibilities must be publicly available. Due to the unprecedented capabilities of modern surveillance technologies, lawyers and police officers alike need to rethink the frameworks for employing surveillance technologies and even more: there needs to be the option of a public debate based on publicly available information as part of the creation of adequate legal basis. To illustrate this, this article will employ fundamental rights standards to assess the requirements for police use of surveillance systems in public places with special focus on Europe and the European fundamental rights frameworks.