bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Predictive capability evaluation and mechanism of Ce (III) extraction using solvent extraction with Cyanex 572
Authors: Allahkarami Ebrahim , Rezai Bahram , Karri Rama Rao , Mubarak Nabisab Mujawar
Published: June 2022

Owing to the high toxicity of cerium toward living organisms, it is necessary to remove cerium from aqueous solutions. In this regard, the extraction of cerium (Ce (III)) from nitrate media by Cyanex 572 under different operating conditions was examined in this study. The effect of contact time, pH, extractant concentration, and nitrate ion concentration were investigated to characterize the extraction behavior of cerium and based on these outcomes, an extraction mechanism was suggested. The analysis of infrared spectra of Cyanex 572 before and after the extraction of cerium indicated that cerium extraction was performed via a cation-exchange mechanism. Then, the predictive models based on intelligent techniques [artificial neural network (ANN) and hybrid neural-genetic algorithm (GA-ANN)] were developed to predict the cerium extraction efficiency. The GA-ANN model provided better predictions that resulted higher R2 and lower MSE compared to ANN model for predicting the extraction efficiency of cerium by Cyanex 572. The interactive effects of each process variable on cerium extraction were also investigated systematically. pH was the most influential parameter on cerium extraction, followed by extractant concentration, nitrate ion concentration and contact time. Finally, the separation of cerium from other rare earth elements like La (III), Nd (III), Pr (III), and Y (III) was conducted and observed that the present system provides a better separation of cerium from rare heavy earth than light rare earths.
A process-based recovery indicator for anthropogenically disturbed river system
Authors: Pradhan C. , Padhee S. K. , Bharti Rishikesh , Dutta S.
Published: June 2022

The present paper utilizes entropy theory and Google earth engine cloud computing technique to investigate system state and river recovery potential in two large sub-basins of the Mahanadi River, India. The cross-sectional intensity entropy (CIE) is computed for the post-monsoon season (October–March) along the selected reaches. Further, a normalized river recovery indicator (NRRI) is formulated to assess the temporal changes in river health. Finally, NRRI is related to a process-based variable-LFE (low flow exceedance) to comprehend the dominating system dynamics and evolutionary adjustments. The results highlight the existence of both threshold-modulated and filter-dominated systems based on CIE and NRRI variabilities. In addition, the gradual decline in CIE and subsequent stabilization of vegetated landforms can develop an ‘event-driven’ state, where floods exceeding the low-flow channel possess a direct impact on the river recovery trajectory. Finally, this study emphasizes the presence of instream vegetation as an additional degree of freedom, which further controls the hierarchy of energy dissipation and morphological continuum in the macrochannel settings.
A case–control study to investigate association between serum uric acid levels and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation
Authors: Zhong Xia , Jiao Huachen , Zhao Dongsheng , Teng Jing
Published: June 2022

The relationship between serum uric acid (SUA) levels and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) remains controversial. The objective of this case–control study was to investigate the association between serum SUA levels and paroxysmal AF by gender in 328 patients. This study included 328 hospitalized patients with newly diagnosed paroxysmal AF in China between January 2019 and September 2021. Controls with sinus rhythm were matched (2:1) to cases by age and gender. Baseline data were analyzed using ANOVA, T-test, and Chi-square test. Pearson correlation analyses were used to confirm the correlation between variables, and multivariate regression analyses were used to adjust for covariates. Elevated SUA levels in female patients were significantly associated with paroxysmal AF after adjusting for confounding factors (OR = 1.229, 95% CI 1.058–1.427, P = 0.007). Further results showed SUA levels were negatively correlated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (r = − 0.182, p = 0.001) and apolipoprotein A1 (APOA1) (r = − 0.109, p = 0.049), were positively correlated with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (r = 0.169, p = 0.002) and prealbumin (PAB) (r = 0.161, p = 0.004) . Nevertheless, there was no significant complication difference between SUA levels and paroxysmal AF (P > 0.05). Increased SUA in female patients was significantly associated with paroxysmal AF in a Chinese population. This finding implies that it would be interesting to monitor and interfere with hyperuricemia in paroxysmal AF patients.
N6-methyladenosine modification of the Aedes aegypti transcriptome and its alteration upon dengue virus infection in Aag2 cell line
Authors: Dai Zhenkai , Etebari Kayvan , Asgari Sassan
Published: June 2022

The N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification of RNA has been reported to affect viral infections. Studies have confirmed the role of m6A in replication of several vector-borne flaviviruses, including dengue virus (DENV), in mammalian cells. Here, we explored the role of m6A in DENV replication in the mosquito Aedes aegypti Aag2 cell line. We first determined the presence of m6A on the RNAs from mosquito cells and using methylated RNA immunoprecipitation and sequencing (MeRIP-Seq) identified m6A modification of the mosquito transcriptome and those that changed upon DENV infection. Depletion of m6A methyltransferases and the m6A binding protein YTHDF3 RNAs decreased the replication of DENV. In particular, we found that the Ae. aegypti ubiquitin carrier protein 9 (Ubc9) is m6A modified and its expression increases after DENV infection. Silencing of the gene and ectopic expression of Ubc9 led to reduced and increased DENV replication, respectively. The abundance of Ubc9 mRNA and its stability were reduced with the inhibition of m6A modification, implying that m6A modification of Ubc9 might enhance expression of the gene. We also show that the genome of DENV is m6A modified at five sites in mosquito cells. Altogether, this work reveals the involvement of m6A modification in Ae. aegypti-DENV interaction.
A YAP/TAZ-TEAD signalling module links endothelial nutrient acquisition to angiogenic growth
Authors: Ong Yu Ting , Andrade Jorge , Armbruster Max , Shi Chenyue , Castro Marco , Costa Ana S. H. , Sugino Toshiya , Eelen Guy , Zimmermann Barbara , Wilhelm Kerstin , Lim Joseph , Watanabe Shuichi , Guenther Stefan , Schneider Andre , Zanconato Francesca , Kaulich Manuel , Pan Duojia , Braun Thomas , Gerhardt Holger , Efeyan Alejo , Carmeliet Peter , Piccolo Stefano , Grosso Ana Rita , Potente Michael
Published: June 2022

Angiogenesis, the process by which endothelial cells (ECs) form new blood vessels from existing ones, is intimately linked to the tissue’s metabolic milieu and often occurs at nutrient-deficient sites. However, ECs rely on sufficient metabolic resources to support growth and proliferation. How endothelial nutrient acquisition and usage are regulated is unknown. Here we show that these processes are instructed by Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP)/WW domain-containing transcription regulator 1 (WWTR1/TAZ)-transcriptional enhanced associate domain (TEAD): a transcriptional module whose function is highly responsive to changes in the tissue environment. ECs lacking YAP/TAZ or their transcriptional partners, TEAD1, 2 and 4 fail to divide, resulting in stunted vascular growth in mice. Conversely, activation of TAZ, the more abundant paralogue in ECs, boosts proliferation, leading to vascular hyperplasia. We find that YAP/TAZ promote angiogenesis by fuelling nutrient-dependent mTORC1 signalling. By orchestrating the transcription of a repertoire of cell-surface transporters, including the large neutral amino acid transporter SLC7A5, YAP/TAZ-TEAD stimulate the import of amino acids and other essential nutrients, thereby enabling mTORC1 activation. Dissociating mTORC1 from these nutrient inputs—elicited by the loss of Rag GTPases—inhibits mTORC1 activity and prevents YAP/TAZ-dependent vascular growth. Together, these findings define a pivotal role for YAP/TAZ-TEAD in controlling endothelial mTORC1 and illustrate the essentiality of coordinated nutrient fluxes in the vasculature.
Substitution at boron in BODIPYs
Authors: Gapare Rosinah Liandrah , Thompson Alison
Published: June 2022

BODIPYs provide tunable electronic properties key to many applications. This article highlights structural modification at boron.
Oxidative C–O bond cleavage of dihydroxybenzenes and conversion of coordinated cyanide to carbon monoxide using a luminescent Os(vi) cyanonitrido complex
Authors: Xiang Jing , Zhu Jiang , Zhou Miaomiao , Liu Lu-Lu , Wang Li-Xin , Peng Min , Hou Bi-Shun , Yiu Shek-Man , To Wai-Pong , Che Chi-Ming , Lau Kai-Chung , Lau Tai-Chu
Published: June 2022

The photoreactions of OsN and dihydroxybenzenes lead to C–O bond cleavage of H2Q/H2Cat, accompanied by the conversion of the coordinated CN− into CO.
The effect of a mixture of an ionic liquid and organic solvent on oxygen reduction reaction kinetics
Authors: Pavlov Sergey , Danilova Valentina , Sivakov Vyacheslav , Kislenko Sergey
Published: June 2022

Mixtures of the Pyr14TFSI ionic liquid and DME solvent were investigated in MD simulations showing good solvation properties towards the ions, both involved in the oxygen reduction and parasitic reactions.
The kinetic energy of PAH dication and trication dissociation determined by recoil-frame covariance map imaging
Authors: Lee Jason W. L. , Tikhonov Denis S. , Allum Felix , Boll Rebecca , Chopra Pragya , Erk Benjamin , Gruet Sebastian , He Lanhai , Heathcote David , Kazemi Mehdi M. , Lahl Jan , Lemmens Alexander K. , Loru Donatella , Maclot Sylvain , Mason Robert , Müller Erland , Mullins Terry , Passow Christopher , Peschel Jasper , Ramm Daniel , Steber Amanda L. , Bari Sadia , Brouard Mark , Burt Michael , Küpper Jochen , Eng-Johnsson Per , Rijs Anouk M. , Rolles Daniel , Vallance Claire , Manschwetus Bastian , Schnell Melanie
Published: June 2022

The kinetic energy of dissociation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons is determined by application of recoil-frame covariance imaging analysis to velocity map images.
Synthesis of bifunctional Ru–Pd catalysts following a double reduction method: hydrogenation/dehydrogenation of liquid organic hydrogen carriers
Authors: Zhu Ting , Wang Ran , Chen Ziteng , Ji Feng , Dong Yuan , Yang Ming
Published: June 2022

Treatment of Ru2.5Pd2.5/H2 catalyst with Ar–H2 mixture exposed strong acid sites, prompting further reduction of Run+ and Pd2+, leading to enhanced interaction of Ru and Pd with carrier, possessing excellent hydrogenation–dehydrogenation activity.
Enhancement of the thermoelectric performance of Cu3SbSe4 particles by controlling morphology using exfoliated selenium nanosheets
Authors: Kim Minsu , Park Dabin , Kim Jooheon
Published: June 2022

The exfoliated Se nanosheet and Se particles were used to synthesize Cu3SbSe4, respectively. The morphology optimized Cu3SbSe4 nanosheets achieved a ZT value of 0.40 which was 1.41 times higher than that of Cu3SbSe4 nanoparticles.
Coordination chemistry of hepta-tert-butylnonaphosphane
Authors: Eilrich Volker Jens , Grell Toni , Lönnecke Peter , Hey-Hawkins Evamarie
Published: June 2022

The coordination chemistry of hepta-tert-butylnonaphosphane and its iron(0), cobalt(−i), copper(i) and rhodium(i) complexes are presented. Spectral data of31P{1H} NMR spectra were examined by automated line-shape analysis.
Modelling structural properties of cyanine dye nanotubes at coarse-grained level
Authors: Patmanidis Ilias , Souza Paulo C. T. , Sami Selim , Havenith Remco W. A. , de Vries Alex H. , Marrink Siewert J.
Published: June 2022

Coarse-grained models are essential to capture the self-assembly of supramolecular materials.
The effect of inosine on the spectroscopic properties and crystal structure of a NIR-emitting DNA-stabilized silver nanocluster
Authors: Cerretani Cecilia , Liisberg Mikkel B. , Rück Vanessa , Kondo Jiro , Vosch Tom
Published: June 2022

The effect of replacing guanosines with inosines in the two stabilizing strands (5′-CACCTAGCGA-3′) of the NIR emissive DNA-Ag16NC was investigated.
The effect of structural configuration on the DNA binding andin vitroantioxidant properties of new copper(ii) N2O2Schiff base complexes
Authors: Yusuf Tunde Lewis , Akintayo Damilola Caleb , Oladipo Segun Daniel , Adeleke Adesola Abimbola , Olofinsan Kolawole , Vatsha Banele , Mabuba Nonhlagabezo
Published: June 2022

DNA interaction withcisandtrans-copper NO complexes favours thecisconfiguration due to low energies observed in thecisconfiguration.
Biotinylation of a MRI/Gd BNCT theranostic agent to access a novel tumour-targeted delivery system
Authors: Lanfranco Alberto , Alberti Diego , Parisotto Stefano , Renzi Polyssena , Lecomte Valentin , Geninatti Crich Simonetta , Deagostino Annamaria
Published: June 2022

A new biotin based BNCT (Boron Neutron Capture Therapy)-MRI theranostic for imaging guided BNCT. Cell uptake studies evidence the correlation between the internalised boron and incubated theranostic and a good contrast in theT1weighted image.
In situ monitoring of cellulose etherification in solution: probing the impact of solvent composition on the synthesis of 3-allyloxy-2-hydroxypropyl-cellulose in aqueous hydroxide systems
Authors: Naserifar Shirin , Kuijpers Petrus F. , Wojno Sylwia , Kádár Roland , Bernin Diana , Hasani Merima
Published: June 2022

Cellulose etherification can be affected by tuning the solvent composition as indicated by monitoring the reaction using in situ IR spectroscopy and rheology measurements together with NMR characterisation.
Incorporation of fillers to modify the mechanical performance of inverse vulcanised polymers
Authors: Hanna Veronica , Yan Peiyao , Petcher Samuel , Hasell Tom
Published: June 2022

Inverse vulcanisation stabilises polymeric sulfur to synthesise high sulfur content polymers. Inverse vulcanised polymers were reinforced with carbon black, cellulose microfibres and nanoclay to increase tensile strength.
Copper-assisted Wittig-type olefination of aldehydes with p-toluenesulfonylmethyl isocyanide
Authors: Wang Yi-Chun , Chen Xinyi , Alvey Gregory R. , Shatskiy Andrey , Liu Jian-Quan , Kärkäs Markus D. , Wang Xiang-Shan
Published: June 2022

A copper-assisted Wittig-type olefination of aldehydes and p-toluenesulfonyl isocyanide (TosMIC) is disclosed, providing an operationally simple approach to (E)-vinyl sulfone with various functional groups under mild reaction conditions.
Correction: THF-enabled PtBr2-catalyzed desymmetric hydrogenative [3 + 2] cycloaddition of 2-alkynylbenzaldehyde-tethered cyclohexadienones
Authors: Hu Rui , Chen Jichao , Wang Zeliang , Shang Dandan , Yu Lei , Wai Hong Chan Philip , Rao Weidong
Published: June 2022

Correction for ‘THF-enabled PtBr2-catalyzed desymmetric hydrogenative [3 + 2] cycloaddition of 2-alkynylbenzaldehyde-tethered cyclohexadienones’ by Rui Hu et al., Org. Chem. Front., 2022, https://doi.org/10.1039/d2qo00593j.
Catalyst-free reductive cyclization of bis(2-aminophenyl) disulfide with CO2 in the presence of BH3NH3 to synthesize 2-unsubstituted benzothiazole derivatives
Authors: Li Xiao , Liu Zhenbao , Hong Hailong , Han Limin , Zhu Ning
Published: June 2022

An efficient and catalyst-free methodology for the reductive cyclization of various disulfides using BH3NH3 as a reductant and CO2 as a C1 resource was developed.
Ni single atoms on carbon nitride for visible-light-promoted full heterogeneous dual catalysis
Authors: Kwak Minjoon , Bok Jinsol , Lee Byoung-Hoon , Kim Jongchan , Seo Youngran , Kim Sumin , Choi Hyunwoo , Ko Wonjae , Hooch Antink Wytse , Lee Chan Woo , Yim Guk Hee , Seung Hyojin , Park Chansul , Lee Kug-Seung , Kim Dae-Hyeong , Hyeon Taeghwan , Yoo Dongwon
Published: June 2022

In this work, the first demonstration of heterogeneous photoredox C–N coupling is reported using Ni atoms on C3N4. Due to metal–support interactions, high activity and stability were observed during visible-light-driven C–N functionalization.
An atomically precise silver nanocluster for artificial light-harvesting system through supramolecular functionalization
Authors: Das Anish Kumar , Biswas Sourav , Manna Surya Sekhar , Pathak Biswarup , Mandal Sukhendu
Published: June 2022

A β-cyclodextrin functionalized atomically precise Ag16 based artificial light-harvesting system is fabricated with 93% energy transfer efficiency from the blue to the green emission region of the acceptor β-carotene molecule.
Electrocatalytic valorization of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural coupled with hydrogen production using tetraruthenium-containing polyoxometalate-based composites
Authors: Zhou Hui , Dong Yuanyuan , Xin Xing , Chi Manzhou , Song Tinglu , Lv Hongjin
Published: June 2022

Electrocatalytic biomass valorization represents a promising route to produce sustainable and carbon-neutral products, especially when coupled with hydrogen production.
Simplified fast synthesis of strong-coupling composite supercapacitor materials by one-step bipolar pulse electrodeposition
Authors: Liu Hao , Chen Haochang , Zhang Shunzhe , Wang Kaifeng , Yang Lei , Chen Yujie , Liu Hezhou , Li Hua
Published: June 2022

A unique bipolar pulse electrodeposition is developed to efficiently prepare composite electrode materials and the structural stability of NiCoS nanoflowers and PPy is noticeably enhanced by the symbiotic growth.
Nitrogen reduction reaction energy and pathways in metal-zeolites: deep learning and explainable machine learning with local acidity and hydrogen bonding features
Authors: Gu Yuming , Zhu Qin , Liu Ziteng , Fu Cheng , Wu Jiayue , Zhu Qiang , Jia Qingqing , Ma Jing
Published: June 2022

The synergistic effect between metal coordination and HB interactions could realize nitrogen fixation in metal-zeolites, which was studied by deep learning and feature learning.
PEGylated Prussian blue nanoparticles for modulating polyethyleneimine cytotoxicity and attenuating tumor hypoxia for dual-enhanced photodynamic therapy
Authors: Wang Huanhuan , Qu Rumeng , Chen Qi , Zhang Ting , Chen Xiaoyu , Wu Baoyan , Chen Tongsheng
Published: June 2022

The PEG-Ce6-PEI@PB platform provides a new paradigm for dual-enhanced PDT by modulating PEI cytotoxicity and attenuating tumor hypoxia.
Defining the molecular underpinnings controlling cardiomyocyte proliferation
Authors: Mahiny-Shahmohammady Donya , Hauck Ludger , Billia Filio
Published: June 2022

Shortly after birth, mammalian cardiomyocytes (CM) exit the cell cycle and cease to proliferate. The inability of adult CM to replicate renders the heart particularly vulnerable to injury. Restoration of CM proliferation would be an attractive clinical target for regenerative therapies that can preserve contractile function and thus prevent the development of heart failure. Our review focuses on recent progress in understanding the tight regulation of signaling pathways and their downstream molecular mechanisms that underly the inability of CM to proliferate in vivo. In this review, we describe the temporal expression of cell cycle activators e.g., cyclin/Cdk complexes and their inhibitors including p16, p21, p27 and members of the retinoblastoma gene family during gestation and postnatal life. The differential impact of members of the E2f transcription factor family and microRNAs on the regulation of positive and negative cell cycle factors is discussed. This review also highlights seminal studies that identified the coordination of signaling mechanisms that can potently activate CM cell cycle re-entry including the Wnt/Ctnnb1, Hippo, Pi3K-Akt and Nrg1-Erbb2/4 pathways. We also present an up-to-date account of landmark studies analyzing the effect of various genes such as Argin, Dystrophin, Fstl1, Meis1, Pitx2 and Pkm2 that are responsible for either inhibition or activation of CM cell division. All these reports describe bona fide therapeutically targets that could guide future clinical studies toward cardiac repair.
4H‐SiC photoconductive semiconductor based ultra‐wideband microwave generation with MHz tunable repetition rate
Authors: Chu Xu , Xun Tao , Wang Langning , Xu Liang , Yang Hanwu , Liu Jinliang
Published: June 2022

Use of the vanadium‐compensated semi‐insulating (VCSI) 4H‐SiC photoconductive semiconductor switch (PCSS) for the generation of an ultra‐wideband (UWB) microwave with MHz tunable re‐frequency is demonstrated. To evaluate the impact of device architectures on performance, a 4H‐SiC‐based photoconductive semiconductor switch was manufactured and was evaluated using a laser cluster driver with a configurable optical pulse re‐frequency. The 1.5 mm‐thick 4H‐SiC PCSS was found to operate with an electric field up to 20 kV and a photocurrent of 20.7 A. The fabricated ultra‐wideband microwave system could generate ultrahigh repetition frequency pulses from 0.5 to 2.0 MHz. Simulation of the UWB antenna system was carried out to examine the radiation field. The peak radiation electric‐field factor (rE) of a single‐unit UWB microwave generation system can reach 17 kV.
Inverted level populations of hydrogen atoms in ionized gas
Authors: Zhu F.-Y. , Wang J. Z. , Zhu Q.-F. , Zhang J.-S.
Published: June 2022

Context. Level population inversion of hydrogen atoms in ionized gas may lead to stimulated emission of hydrogen recombination lines, and the level populations can in turn be affected by powerful stimulated emissions.

Aims. In this work the interaction of the radiation fields and the level population inversion of hydrogen atoms is studied. The effect of the stimulated emissions on the line profiles is also investigated.

Methods. Our previous nl-model for calculating level populations of hydrogen atoms and hydrogen recombination lines is improved. The effects of line and continuum radiation fields on the level populations are considered in the improved model. By using this method the properties of simulated hydrogen recombination lines and level populations are used in analyses.

Results. The simulations show that hydrogen radio recombination lines are often emitted from the energy level with an inverted population. The widths of Hnα lines can be significantly narrowed by strong stimulated emissions to be even less than 10 km s−1. The amplification of hydrogen recombination lines is more affected by the line optical depth than by the total optical depth. The influence of stimulated emission on the estimates of electron temperature and density of ionized gas is evaluated. We find that comparing multiple line-to-continuum ratios is a reliable method for estimating the electron temperature, while the effectiveness of the estimation of electron density is determined by the relative significance of stimulated emission.
Discovery of CH2CCHC4H and a rigorous detection of CH2CCHC3N in TMC-1 with the QUIJOTE line survey
Authors: Fuentetaja R. , Cabezas C. , Agúndez M. , Tercero B. , Marcelino N. , Pardo J. R. , de Vicente P. , Cernicharo J.
Published: June 2022

Using the QUIJOTE line survey in the 32.0–50.4 GHz range, we report the discovery of the molecule CH2CCHC4H towards the prestellar cold core TMC-1 in the Taurus region. We also present a rigorous detection of CH2CCHC3N, along with its detailed analysis. We identified a total of twenty rotational transitions for each one of these molecules. The rotational quantum numbers range from Ju = 17 up to 24 and Ka≤ 3. The column density for CH2CCHC4H is N = (2.2 ± 0.2) × 1012 cm−2, while for CH2CCHC3N, we derived N = (1.2 ± 0.15) × 1011 cm−2. The rotational temperature is 9.0 ± 0.5 K for both species. The abundance ratiobetween CH2CCHC4H and CH2CCHC3N is 18 ± 4. We also compared the column densities of these species with those of their isomers CH3C6H and CH3C5N, derived from their J = 20 − 10 up to J = 31 − 30 rotational transitions observed with the QUIJOTE line survey. The observed abundances for all these species are reasonably well explained by state-of-the-art chemical models of TMC-1. The observed astronomical frequencies were merged with laboratory frequencies from the literature to derive improved spectroscopic parameters.
Creation of new soft winter wheat varieties for cultivation in the conditions of the central region of the Non-Chernozem zone of Russia
Authors: Igonin Vladimir , Voronchikhina Irina , Voronchikhin Viktor , Pylnev Vladimir , Kotenko Yulia
Published: June 2022

Winter wheat is the most valuable agricultural crop, which occupies one of the first places in the balance of grain crops of the Central region of the Non-Chernozem zone of Russia. Year after year, there is an increasing need to expand the production of grain products, which can be provided by varieties that give high and stable yields over the years. Creation of environmentally plastic varieties is a promising and popular direction of breeding work in recent years. The evaluation of samples in the breeding process for ecological plasticity and yield stability allows to identify varieties most adapted to growing conditions, as well as having high potential productivity. To identify the most valuable samples for the complex of economically useful traits a breeding evaluation of soft winter wheat promising lines obtained using source material of various ecological and geographical origin was carried out in the FSEI HE RSAU-MAA named after K.A. Timiryazev. As a result of the study, the most valuable sample 50h (Azotfixifuyushchaya x Moscovskaya 40) was selected in a competitive variety testing, which significantly exceeded the yield standard, and was also characterized by high grain quality and resistance to powdery mildew. This promising sample, which has high indicators for a complex of economically valuable traits, is planned to be transferred to the State variety testing. Variety samples were identified that showed high resistance to snow mold 32h (Sharada × Nemchinovskaya 24) and 52h (Nemchinovskaya 24× Zimorodok), which we recommend to use in further breeding for resistance to this disease.
Assessment of variability of productivity traits and biochemical composition of apple tree varieties and forms, selection of the Orenburg branch of the federal state budgetary scientific institution federal research center of horticulture
Authors: Merezhko Olga , Aminova Evgenia
Published: June 2022

Currently, new varieties are subject to strict requirements for adaptability, productivity, commercial and consumer qualities of fruits. In this regard, it is important to study the interaction of the genotype of apple tree varieties and forms with climatic conditions, and it is also necessary to assess the genotypic variability of economically valuable traits focused on identifying genotypes characterized by stability of fruit quality in growing conditions. The study examined 12 varieties and forms of apple tree, selected by the Orenburg branch of the FGBNU FNTs of Horticulture. The following signs were studied: useful ovary (%), number of fruits (pcs.), average fruit weight (g), productivity (kg/d), sugar content in fruits, soluble solids, ascorbic acid, determination of titrable acidity. The study used mathematical models of two-factor variance and cluster analysis by the Ward method. Statistically significant differences were observed in the number of fruits between the first and third, and second and third clusters (t = 4.01 and 4.35, at p<0.01, respectively), as well as productivity between the first and third clusters (t = 9.19 at p<0.01), second and third (t = 8.7 at p<0.01).
Using microsatellite markers to study the pear (Pyrus) germplazm from the VNIISPK collection
Authors: Pavlenko Anna , Pikunova Anna , Dolzhikova Maria , Dolmatov Evgeniy
Published: June 2022

Based on the analysis of SSR loci, the genetic similarity of 32 pear cultivars (Pyrus) from the VNIISPK collection was studied. A cluster analysis of the genetic similarity of genotypes was carried out using 19 microsatellite markers. Based on the data obtained, a dendrogram was constructed using the UPGMA method using the Jacquard coefficient and bootstrap (BP) analysis. The coefficients of pairwise genetic similarity between the varieties ranged from 0.4 (between Podgoryanka and the Bere Russkaya, Mramornaya group) to 0.85 (between Osennyaya Zheltaya and Pervomayskaya). This group had a high BP level– 100% and a close genetic distance – 0.85), and the reliability level (BP,%) was indicated on the dendrogram at a value of more than 50%. According to the clustering results, the pear samples did not form large groups with high BP, which indicated the sufficient genetic diversity of the studied cultivars. There are only three small groups with high BP. Two of them combined two cultivars with a common origin. Thus, Bere Russkaya and Mramornaya, which are descendants from the crossing of Bere Zimnya Michurina × Lesnaya Krasavitsa, joined into one cluster with BP 82. Another group with BP 92 united Viliya and Zaveya, which also have the same origin ([Belorusskaya Pozdnya × (Bere Seraya × Dulya Ostzeyskaya)] × Maslyanaya Ro). The third group combined the cultivars Osennyaya Zheltaya (origin is not known) and Pervomayskaya (Doch Zari × Pozdnya MOSVIR) with BP 100 and the cultivar Prosto Maria ([Belorusskaya Pozdnya × (Bere Seraya × Dulya Ostzeyskaya)] × Maslyanaya Ro) with BP 100 adjoins them at a extended genetic distance. There is no obvious similarity in origin in this cluster. The SSR-analysis method opens up broad prospects in studying the genetic similarity of cultivars.
The effect of growth regulators on the micro-shoots' regeneration of strawberries (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) in in vitro culture
Authors: Matsneva О. V. , Tashmatova L. V.
Published: June 2022

The influence of various growth regulators on strawberry varieties' micro-shoots regeneration of Russian and foreign selection Bereginya, Tsaritsa, Urozhaynaya CGL, Frida, Asia, Kimberly, Honeoye, Marmolada has been established. The experiment involved micro-plants regenerated in in vitro culture. At the proliferation stage, 6-BAP, thidiazuron, kinetin, mival, succinic acid were added to the nutrient medium in specified concentrations to select the optimal growth regulator. The maximum response to the induction of additional shoots was obtained in explants cultivated on the control medium of Murashige and Skoog supplemented with 6-BAP. The positive effect of kinetin, thidiazuron, mival, succinic acid on the process of root formation was noted, which can accelerate the production of rooted plants ex vitro.
Intensification techniques in the cultivation of seed rootstocks of VNIISPK breeding for the production of pear seedlings
Authors: Semin Igor
Published: June 2022

The article presents the results of research on optimizing the methods of intensification of growing seed rootstocks based on common quince of VNIISPK breeding in a nursery. In the course of the research, it has been found that the highest yield of seed rootstocks with optimal economic and biological characteristics is provided by sowing germinated seeds in late April. Seeds should be sown in artificial beds according to the scheme of 0.5 cm x 20 cm, which will allow to obtain a high yield of seedlings of good quality and increase the efficiency of growing seed rootstocks. With a dense sowing scheme, annual growth does not form branches. A close linear relationship has also been found between the length of annual growth and the length of skeletal roots of seedlings, from which it follows that the longer the growth of a seedling is, the longer its roots are. There is a decrease in the yield and quality indicators of rootstocks when sowing in the field in the seedling nursery, and the additional rearing of seedlings is necessary in the nursery. The studies in this direction will be continued.
Biochemical Composition of the Pear Fruit at FSBSI FARC of the North-East named after N. V. Rudnitskiy
Authors: Firsova Svetlana , Rusinov Anatoliy , Sofronov Aleksandr
Published: June 2022

The pear tree is a relatively new crop for the North-East of the European part of Russia; therefore, the purpose of the work is to study biochemical composition of pear fruit in conditions of Kirov region. The objects of the research are 9 varieties of the pear tree of 2007 planting year: Chizhovskaya (a check variety), Kupava, Perun, Svarog, Karataevskaya, Naryadnaya Efimova (Dressy Efimova), Vidnaya (Prominent), Larinskaya, Povislaya. In conditions of the region the studied varieties of the pear accumulate on overage 9.32% of sugar, 2.73 mg% of ascorbic acid, 17.10% of dry matter and are noted for high titratable acidity – on average 0,96. The varieties Kupava, which combines high amount of sugars sum and dry matter, with excellent gustatory qualities and Povislaya, which is prominent for really high amount of dry matter and high sugar sum, were distinguished. The main stages with maximal quantity of strong interconnections between weather factors and indices of biochemical composition of the mostly varieties of fruit were differentiated, in particular: the sum of effective temperatures during the period from July to August, the sum of effective temperatures separately for July and separately for August and hydrothermal index for June.
Adaptation mechanisms of grape varieties in unstable climatic conditions of the autumn-winter period
Authors: Kiseleva Galina , Ilina Irina , Sokolova Viktoriya , Zaporozhets Natalia
Published: June 2022

Despite the increase in the average annual temperature observed in recent decades, the urgency of the problem of cold resistance of plants not only does not decrease, but also increases. The purpose of the work is to identify the mechanisms of adaptation of grape varieties of various origins to low temperatures in the autumn-winter period in terms of physiological and biochemical indicators, to identify varieties with a high adaptive potential for cultivation in the Anapo-Taman zone of the Krasnodar Region. Objects of the study: interspecific hybrids of grapes of various ecological and geographical origin: Crystal (control) - Euro-Amur-American; Krasnostop AZOS, Dostoyny - Euro-American; Vostorg - Amur-American; Zarif - Eastern European; Aligote - Western European origin. The implementation of the mechanisms of resistance of grapes to low temperatures was achieved by reducing the water content of tissues, increasing the proportion of bound water, the content of ascorbic acid, and changing the activity of peroxidase. Varieties Crystal, Krasnostop AZOS, Vostorg were distinguished by an increased ratio of bound and free water - 3.8-6.8; maximum accumulation of ascorbic acid (19.3-21.3 μg/g fresh weight), reduced peroxidase activity in comparison with other studied varieties. Varieties such as Crystal, Krasnostop AZOS, Vostorg proved to be more adaptive in comparison with other studied varieties and are recommended for the usage in the breeding process.
Yield and quality of potatoes depending on the use of biological preparations
Authors: Gerieva Fatima , Gazdanova Irina , Pukhaev Andrey
Published: June 2022

In biologized agricultural production, together with minimized chemical agents, promising preparations based on various subspecies of spore-forming bacteria are widely used. The aim of the study was to determine the effectiveness of the use of biological preparations of Kartofin (based on the Bacillus subtilis strain I5-12/23) and BisolbiSan, (based on the Bacillus subtilis strain h-13) according to the following indicators: – germination of tubers, plant growth and development, prevalence and development of diseases on plants, crop weight and its marketability. The results of the studies showed that pre-planting treatment of seed tubers with Kartofin and BisolbiSan biologics had a positive effect on the germination of potato tubers, increasing it by 6.3 – 8.7% compared to the control. Under field conditions they showed high biological effectiveness against pathogens of fungal diseases of potatoes: late blight (from 37.5% to 100%). Accounting for the total yield showed that the highest yield indicators were noted on the variant with the use of the biological preparation BisolbiSan – 38.4 t/ha (20.5% higher than the control variant).
Der femoro-popliteale Bypass
Authors: Jäckel Antje , Kranke Anja , Flehmig Ines , Reeps Christian , Busch Albert
Published: June 2022

Der femoro-popliteale Bypass hat seinen festen Stellenwert in der Gefäßchirurgie. Mit ihm können Gefäße vom Oberschenkel bis zum Knie überbrückt werden, daher eignet er sich zur Behandlung der peripheren arteriellen Verschlusskrankheit. Alles Wissenswerte rund um diesen gut planbaren Standardeingriff erfahren Sie im OP-Ablauf.
Kompetenzbeschreibung für den Fachbereich OP-Pflege/OP-Funktionsdienst
Authors: Becker Petra , Gebhardt Susann , Losch Martina , Scheer Antje , Schiller Benjamin , Stolecki Dietmar , Ullrich Lothar
Published: June 2022

Der Arbeitsplatz OP hat sich in den letzten Jahren abermals rasant entwickelt im Hinblick auf die Quantität und Qualität der Operationen, die technische Ausstattung sowie die Komplexität der Versorgungsprozesse. Um in diesem Hochrisikobereich die Patientensicherheit zu gewährleisten, müssen die beteiligten Berufsgruppen über vielfältige Kompetenzen verfügen.
Physiotherapie als emotionales Erlebnis durch
Musikfeedback
Authors: Fritz Thomas Hans , Schneider Lydia
Published: June 2022

Die Erforschung emotional-motorischer Kontrolle hat in den letzten Jahren enorm
an Relevanz gewonnen, da hier ein Schlüssel zur Steigerung menschlicher
Performanz liegt, den jeder kennt: Wenn man besonders begeistert ist von etwas,
dann geht man eher darin auf, vergisst die Zeit, und es wirkt weniger
anstrengend. Gerade nach Schlaganfall ist das besonders relevant für die
Neuroreha.
Vaginal Distention Rodent Model for Fecal Incontinence: A Pilot Study on the Effect on Defecation Behavior
Authors: Douven Perla , Franken Glenn , Debets Jacques , Joosten Elbert A. , van Koeveringe Gommert A. , Melenhorst Jarno , Breukink Stephanie O.
Published: June 2022

Objectives Vaginal balloon inflation simulates the compressive forces on the pelvic floor during the second phase of natural delivery. The foremost use of this animal model of vaginal distention (VD) is to study the mechanisms underlying urinary incontinence. As damage to the pelvic floor during natural birth is a common cause of fecal incontinence, the present paper aimed to investigate the effect of VD on defecation behavior in adult rats.

Methods Vaginal distention was performed in 8 rats for 2 hours, and in 3 rats for 4 hours, and sham inflation was performed in 4 rats. With the use of a latrine box in the rat home-cage and 24/7 video tracking, the defecation behavior was examined. The time spent in and outside the latrine was monitored for two weeks preoperatively and three weeks postoperatively, and a defecation behavior index (DBI; range: 0 [continent] to 1 [incontinent]) was defined. Pelvic floor tissue was collected postmortem and stained with hematoxylin and eosin.

Results Vaginal balloon inflation for 2 hours resulted in fecal incontinence in 29% of the animals (responders) whereas the DBI scores of non-responders (71%) and control animals did not change in the postoperative phase compared with the baseline score. A 4-hour balloon inflation resulted in fecal incontinence in 1 animal and caused a humane endpoint in 2 animals with markedly more tissue damage in the 4-hour responder compared with the 2-hour responders.

Conclusions Vaginal balloon inflation, with an optimum duration between 2 and 4 hours, can be used as a model to study changes in defecation behavior in rats induced by pelvic floor damage.
Improved estimation for energy dissipation in biochemical oscillations
Authors: Cao Zhiyu , Hou Zhonghuai
Published: June 2022

Biochemical oscillations, regulating the timing of life processes, need to consume energy to achieve good performance on crucial functions, such as high accuracy of the phase period and high sensitivity to external signals. However, it is a great challenge to precisely estimate the energy dissipation in such systems. Here, based on the stochastic normal form theory, we calculate the Pearson correlation coefficient between the oscillatory amplitude and phase, and a trade-off relation between transport efficiency and phase sensitivity can then be derived, which serves as a tighter form than the estimator resulting from the conventional thermodynamic uncertainty relation. Our findings demonstrate that a more precise energy dissipation estimation can be obtained by enhancing the sensitivity of the biochemical oscillations. Moreover, the internal noise and amplitude power effects have also been discovered.
Space squeezing optics: Performance limits and implementation at microwave frequencies
Authors: Mrnka Michal , Hendry Euan , Láčík Jaroslav , Lennon Rachel A. , Barr Lauren E. , Hooper Ian , Phillips David B.
Published: June 2022

Optical systems often largely consist of empty space as diffraction effects that occur through free-space propagation can be crucial for their function. Contracting these voids offers a path to the miniaturization of a wide range of optical devices. Recently, a new optical element—coined “spaceplate”—has been proposed, which is capable of emulating the effects of diffraction over a specified propagation distance using a thinner non-local metamaterial [Reshef et al., Nat. Commun. 12, 3512 (2021)]. The compression factor of such an element is given by the ratio of the length of free-space that is replaced to the thickness of the spaceplate itself. In this work, we test a prototype spaceplate in the microwave spectral region (20–23 GHz)—the first such demonstration designed to operate in ambient air. Our device consists of a Fabry–Pérot cavity formed from two reflective metasurfaces with a compression factor that can be tuned by varying the size of perforations within each layer. Using a pair of directive horn antennas, we measure a space compression factor of up to ∼6 over a numerical aperture (NA) of 0.34 and a fractional bandwidth of 6%. We also investigate the fundamental trade-offs that exist between the compression factor, transmission efficiency, NA, and bandwidth of this single resonator spaceplate design and highlight that it can reach arbitrarily high compression factors by restricting its NA and bandwidth.
Relationship between body weight and elevation in Leadbeater’s possum (
Authors: Williams Jessica L. , Harley Dan , Watchorn Darcy , McBurney Lachlan , Lindenmayer David B.
Published: June 2022

The body size of mammals is influenced by several evolutionary, morphological, physiological and ecological factors. Studies of body size can provide insight into the processes underlying observed variation in patterns of mammal morphology. We sought to determine if body weight in Leadbeater’s possum (Gymnobelideus leadbeateri) is related to environmental variables and/or sex. Using linear regression modelling, we quantified the influence on body weight of broadscale geographic variables such as latitude and elevation, site-level indicators of forest productivity (forest type, slope, aspect and topographic wetness) and an individual-level variable (sex). We found that body weight was significantly associated with elevation and sex, with individuals being heavier at higher elevations and males (on average) being heavier than females. Monitoring body weight changes over time within particular forest types will be valuable, given the variations in temperature and resource productivity throughout the range of Leadbeater’s possum that are likely to arise from climate change.
The role of pausing in L2 oral task performance
Authors: Ekiert Monika , Révész Andrea , Torgersen Eivind , Moss Emily
Published: June 2022

Studies of L2 oral task performance report fluency as critical for functional adequacy, with pausing behaviors emerging as strong predictors of functionally adequate speech. The present study investigated the extent to which the type and location of pausing is related to functional adequacy. Oral performances on two tasks by 40 L2 speakers of English at four proficiency levels were rated on a functional adequacy scale and analyzed for type of pausing, silent and filled at mid- or end-clause location. The study found significant relationships between functional adequacy and the frequency of end-clause pauses in L2 speech. We interpreted this finding as suggesting that breakdowns in message conceptualization play a role in how the functional adequacy of L2 speech is construed by the listeners.
Molecular dynamics simulation of the γ’ phase deformation behaviour in nickel-based superalloys
Authors: Chen Yang , Yao Zhihao , Dong Jianxin , Zhao Wenyuan , Xiao Hang , Chen Xi
Published: June 2022

The effects of γ′ phase volume fraction, morphology and size on tensile deformation behaviour of Ni-based superalloys at 300 K were studied using molecular dynamics simulation. The differences caused by different parameters were discussed in terms of atomic structure evolution, dislocation motion and stress–strain curve. The results showed that when the volume fraction of the γ′ phase was between 50% and 70%, the tensile strength and elongation increased with the volume fraction, but the variation trend was opposite when it was less than 50%. The cubic γ′ phase produced larger resistance to plastic deformation. Models with different-sized γ′ phases contributed to different fracture modes. Dislocation pile-up was avoided owing to the progressive movement of partial dislocations.
Topological Wannier Cycles for the Bulk and Edges
Authors: Kong Ze-Lin , Lin Zhi-Kang , Jiang Jian-Hua
Published: June 2022

Topological materials are often characterized by unique edge states which are in turn used to detect different topological phases in experiments. Recently, with the discovery of various higher-order topological insulators, such spectral topological characteristics are extended from edge states to corner states. However, the chiral symmetry protecting the corner states is often broken in genuine materials, leading to vulnerable corner states even when the higher-order topological numbers remain quantized and invariant. Here, we show that a local artificial gauge flux can serve as a robust probe of the Wannier type higher-order topological insulators, which is effective even when the chiral symmetry is broken. The resultant observable signature is the emergence of the cyclic spectral flows traversing one or multiple band gaps. These spectral flows are associated with the local modes bound to the artificial gauge flux. This phenomenon is essentially due to the cyclic transformation of the Wannier orbitals when the local gauge flux acts on them. We extend topological Wannier cycles to systems with C
2 and C
3 symmetries and show that they can probe both the bulk and the edge Wannier centers, yielding rich topological phenomena.
On extension of the data driven ROM inverse scattering framework to partially nonreciprocal arrays
Authors: Druskin V , Moskow S , Zaslavsky M
Published: June 2022

Data-driven reduced order models (ROMs) recently emerged as powerful tool for the solution of inverse scattering problems. The main drawback of this approach is that it was limited to measurement arrays with reciprocally collocated transmitters and receivers, that is, square symmetric matrix (data) transfer functions. To relax this limitation, we use our previous work Druskin et al (2021 Inverse Problems
37 075003), where the ROMs were combined with the Lippmann–Schwinger integral equation to produce a direct nonlinear inversion method. In this work we extend this approach to more general transfer functions, including those that are non-symmetric, e.g., obtained by adding only receivers or sources. The ROM is constructed based on the symmetric subset of the data and is used to construct all internal solutions. Remaining receivers are then used directly in the Lippmann–Schwinger equation. We demonstrate the new approach on a number of 1D and 2D examples with non-reciprocal arrays, including a single input/multiple outputs inverse problem, where the data is given by just a single-row matrix transfer function. This allows us to approach the flexibility of the Born approximation in terms of acceptable measurement arrays; at the same time significantly improving the quality of the inversion compared to the latter for strongly nonlinear scattering effects.