bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Almanya da Ücret Vergisi Uygulaması (Wage Tax Application in Germany)
Authors: Ercan Hüseyin
Published: August 2024

İster Alman vatandaşı olsun ister yabancı olsun, Almanya'da yaşarken veya çalışırken para kazanıyorsanız kanunen vergi ödemeniz gerekmektedir. Vergiler federal hükümet, federal eyaletler ve belediyeler tarafından alınmaktadır. Ücret vergisi de bu vergilerden bir tanesidir. Bu çalışmanın konusunu, Almanya’da ücret vergisi uygulamasının nitelikleri ve temel unsurları oluşturmakta ve bu vergi ile ilgili son yasal düzenlemeler kısaca açıklanmaktadır. Bu amaçla, Alman vergi kanunları ile ilgili olarak çeşitli yazılı ve internet kaynaklarından yararlanılarak ücret vergisi ile ilgili uygulamalar ortaya konulmaktadır. Çalışmanın sonunda ise, Alman ücret vergisinin alınmasında vergi tarifeleri, vergi sınıfları ve verginin hesaplanmasında kanunen kabul edilen indirilebilecek gider kalemleri ele alınarak vergi miktarının belirlenmesindeki etkisi üzerinde durulmaktadır.
The Effectiveness of Counseling Pojok Cerita (Po'rita) in Maintaining Mental Health of Adolescent
Authors: Fitrianur Widya Lita , Ervi Suminar  , Wiwik Widiyawati  , Putri Lidiah  , Eka Febby Andrea
Published: August 2024

Adolescent mental health including anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder and psychosis is a serious public health challenge because it can affect fundamental aspects of human life. One effort that can be made to maintain mental health is through counselling as an intervention to solve mental problems. The aim of this research was to see the effectiveness of counselling Pojok Cerita (Po'rita) in maintaining the mental health of teenagers. The research used a pre and post-test research design with a population of class X and XI students. Before the counselling session, mental health screening was conducted using the Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ). Out of 93 respondents, 43 students exhibited symptoms of mental health problems. The sampling technique employed was purposive sampling, targeting only students with identified mental health issues. Data were analysed using the Paired T-test. Before the counselling, all 43 students (100%) showed symptoms of neurosis (psychological issues), 37 (86%) exhibited psychotic symptoms, and all 43 students (100%) displayed symptoms of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). After the counselling, 19 (44%) still showed symptoms of neurosis, 17 (39%) still exhibited psychotic symptoms, and 18 (42%) continued to display PTSD symptoms. There was a significant reduction in the number of students experiencing mental health problems post-counselling, with a p-value of 0.00<0.05. The Pojok Cerita (Po'rita) counselling program is effective in maintaining the mental health of teenagers at SMA Negeri 1 Kebomas. It is recommended that the Po'rita counselling program collaborate with school counselling services to provide therapeutic interventions for adolescent mental health issues.
Rancang Bangun Sistem Indoor Tracking pada Kegiatan Praktik Mahasiswa Menggunakan Bluetooth Low Energy
Authors: Ramadan Yoni Sabda , Purnomo Wahyudi , Subekti Ruminto
Published: August 2024

Mahasiswa yang melakukan absen atau membolos kerap kali terjadi di lingkungan Kampus Politeknik Manufaktur Bandung. Mahasiswa memanfaatkan situasi saat dosen tidak memantau mahasiswa secara langsung. Hal ini mengurangi jam kuliah dan jam praktik untuk mahasiswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan membangun sistem indoor tracking menggunakan Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) pada kegiatan praktik mahasiswa. Sistem ini dapat digunakan untuk memantau kehadiran mahasiswa pada kegiatan praktik, serta melacak posisi mahasiswa di dalam laboratorium PLC. Sistem ini menggunakan teknologi BLE untuk mengirimkan sinyal dari kartu BLE mahasiswa ke perangkat BLE gateway, yang kemudian diolah oleh program untuk menentukan posisi mahasiswa. Sinyal yang telah dikirimkan kemudian diolah menggunakan pendekatan algoritma Kalman filter dan metode trilateration. Meskipun sinyal Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) yang diterima dari kartu BLE cenderung tidak stabil, penerapan algoritma Kalman filter bertujuan untuk mengestimasi dan menstabilkan nilai RSSI yang terukur. Dengan memanfaatkan metode trilateration, posisi akurat dari kartu BLE dapat ditentukan. Metode ini memanfaatkan informasi jarak dari tiga titik referensi yang telah diketahui di dalam laboratorium. Dengan menggunakan data jarak dan nilai RSSI yang telah distabilkan menggunakan Kalman filter, posisi kartu BLE mahasiswa dapat dihitung dengan lebih tepat. Sistem ini telah berhasil dibuat dengan Metode Trilateration dan dapat mengetahui mahasiswa yang berada di dalam laboratorium PLC dengan tingkat akurasi 64.25%. Penggunaan Kalman filter dapat menstabilkan sinyal RSSI agar tidak terlalu banyak fluktuasi dan meningkatkan akurasi sebesar 78.2%. Hasil pengujian pelacakan mahasiswa di Laboratorium PLC berhasil dengan dimunculkannya indoor tracking pada antarmuka dan penggunaan Kalman filter meredam noise sinyal RSSI dari kartu BLE.
Capital Adequacy and Bank Profitability: the Moderating Effect of Macroeconomic Variables
Authors: Humta H. , Şahin İ. E. , Ghafourzay H.
Published: August 2024

Based on earlier research, two primary categories of characteristics influence bank profitability. First, each bank has a unique set of profitability drivers that are often the direct outcome of management choices (quality, size, capitalization, efficiency, asset structure, and revenue divergence). The second group of determinants consists of elements like industry concentration, economic growth, inflation, and interest rates related to the profitability of the industry formation and the macroeconomic environment in which the banking system conducts. Capital adequacy may be defined as the ratio of the institution’s main capital to its assets, including loans and investments, to gauge a financial institution’s stability and strength. This paper examines the correlation between capital adequacy and banks’ profitability through the moderating impact of macroeconomic variables like inflation, interest rates, and exchange rates in the banking sectors of Malaysia, Indonesia, and Turkey. To this end, panel data were gathered from the OIC statistics database concerning 2010 and 2021. The study’s regression analysis exposed that although inflation has a significant negative influence on banks’ profitability, while the capital adequacy ratio, exchange rate, and interest rate have positive and significant impacts. Regarding the moderating effect, both inflation and interest rates have a significant positive and negative impact on the relationship between banks’ profitability and capital adequacy, respectively. Additionally, macroeconomic variable interactions with capital adequacy are not statistically significant.
Neurotechnologies and Artificial Intelligence in Public Administration: Application Practice and Possible Ways of Development
Authors: Salnichenko R. E. , Babayan L. K.
Published: August 2024

Over the past few years, the field of artificial intelligence and neurotechnology has moved beyond the scope of exclusive scientific discussion to the realm of public policy. The state is an important participant in technological progress, which allows us to consider in detail the connection between government officials and neurosciences, because, according to a large number of scientists, it is this segment of sciences that will allow humanity to transition to a new technological order. The purpose of this study is to consider the theoretical foundations of the interaction of the subjects of the public administration system with end-to-end technologies and to search for practical examples of the implementation of this interaction. In the course of the work such methods as theoretical analysis, comparison and contrast, cognitive method, system analysis, and analysis of statistical data were used. The theoretical foundations of the study of neurotechnologies, as well as the market of the existing neuroprosthetics products, were considered. The authors of the research studied and compared examples of the development of plans and the application of artificial intelligence and neurotechnologies in such countries as Russia, the United States, and the United Kingdom, and analysed global rankings of digitalisation of public administration. Based on this, it was concluded that countries are actively participating in a new technological race, trying to introduce artificial intelligence in the field of public administration in order to gain their own advantage, however the sluggishness of states in the development of neurotechnologies, with subsequent implementation in the public sector, was noted, and the fact of significant differences in the understanding of artificial intelligence in public administration around the world was revealed. This fact creates a field for further research and discussion. The results of the research can be used in the framework of further study of the analyzed aspects by scientific and research organizations, within the framework of the activities of federal authorities, as well as private companies.
Ensuring Transparency of ESG Transformation of Corporations (Using the Example of Retail Companies)
Authors: Bataeva B. S.
Published: August 2024

In recent years, companies in the retail sector have begun to introduce and incorporate the principles of sustainable development into their strategies and began to publish reports on sustainable development. ESG transformation of companies in the retail industry has its own characteristics. The purpose of the work is to determine the directions of ESG transformation in retail companies, as well as tools for ensuring transparency of activities in the field of sustainable development. The methodological basis of the study was the concept of sustainable development and ESG, methods of statistical analysis, a systematic approach, scientific works of leading domestic and foreign scientists in the field of sustainable development, ESG transformation of retail companies. In the course of the work the author has identified 6 areas of ESG transformation that are most relevant and consistent with the Sustainable Development Goals and the industry specifics of the retail sector. It was revealed that there is a problem of comparability of ESG ratings and rankings from various agencies, insufficient prevalence of the practice of publishing non-financial reporting by organisations from this segment.

The set of non-financial indicators proposed by the author for retail companies are grouped by areas of ESG transformation, as well as by Sustainable Development Goals. The publication of the proposed indicators in the annual report or sustainability report is intended to help management and interested stakeholders evaluate the results of ESG transformation of retail companies in more depth and detail.
Enhancing English Learning in an Islamic University Context: Identifying and Addressing Key Challenges
Authors: Angraeni Lusy , Rosmiaty Rosmiaty , Chuzaimah Chuzaimah , Nur Sitti Rahmani
Published: August 2024

This study explores the factors contributing to students' difficulties in achieving effective English learning at the Muslim University of Indonesia (UMI) and identifies strategies to overcome these challenges. Utilizing a qualitative descriptive research design, data were collected through observations, interviews, and documentation with five fifth-semester students from the English Department. The findings reveal six critical barriers: lack of practice, vocabulary deficiency, environmental factors, lack of interest, low self-confidence, and pronunciation challenges. These factors significantly hinder students' English language proficiency, which is essential for their academic and professional success. The study suggests targeted interventions, including increasing practice opportunities, enhancing vocabulary instruction, creating supportive learning environments, tailoring materials to students' interests, building confidence, and improving pronunciation practice. The implications of these findings highlight the need for comprehensive and context-specific strategies in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) education. Future research should further investigate these areas, considering alternative interpretations and the long-term impact of these factors on language proficiency. By addressing these challenges, educators and policymakers can enhance English language education and support students in achieving their full potential.
Perception and Attitude towards French for specific purposes among Linguistics Students in the University of Calabar
Authors: Egbe-John Agatha Umo , Umukoro Gloria Mayen
Published: August 2024

The need for specialized language instruction arises from the growing demand for professionals proficient in French within specific contexts. The objective of this study was to explore the effectiveness of FSP in improving language skills and cultural knowledge among learners in the Department of Linguistics, University of Calabar. To achieve the purpose of this study, three research questions were posed. A literature review was carried out according to the study variables. Descriptive research design was adopted for the study. The target population consists of all students and instructors in the Department of Linguistics at the University of Calabar who are enrolled in or teaching French language courses. The study sample consisted of 33 respondents which involved 26 learners and 7 instructors were purposively sampled from the Department of Linguistics, University of Calabar. Questionnaire was the instrument used for qualitative data collection. Qualitative data analysis was conducted using thematic analysis techniques which involved simple percentages. The results indicate a gap in language needs and challenges for learners in the Department of Linguistics. Secondly, FSP instruction impacts learners’ language proficiency and cultural understanding. Finally, the results indicate that FSP instruction's impact on the perceptions and attitudes of learners and instructors towards FSP is high. The findings from this study have several implications for the design and implementation of FSP instruction to enhance language proficiency, promote cultural understanding, and foster cross-cultural communication skills among learners. Educators and curriculum developers can leverage these findings to design effective FSP-based language programs that cater to the diverse needs of language learners.
Problem Solving Process Based on the Newman Procedure in an Effort to Improve Students' Mathematical Reversible Thinking
Authors: Sunusi Fatimah
Published: August 2024

Students' low Reversible Thinking and mathematical problem solving abilities, especially in working on mathematics problems in the form of stories. This research aims to determine and describe the increase in Reversible Thinking and problem solving abilities in mathematics problems in the form of stories after implementing the Newman Procedure in the learning and problem solving process. This type of research is the Kemmis and Taggart model of Class Action Research (PTK) which consists of 4 stages, namely planning, implementation, observation and reflection. This research was conducted in two cycles. Data collection techniques in this research are observation, tests, and documentation. The data analysis technique used is qualitative analysis to describe research results through observation and quantitative analysis techniques to analyze test assessment scores. The results of this research show an increase in students' reversible thinking abilities seen from changes in attitudes and behavior, seen from the ability to read questions quickly and clearly, able to understand the information contained in the reading, easy to transform information into mathematical language, confident to work on questions and able to take responsibility for the answers obtained.
Playing Expression Board: Developing Self-Awareness Skills for Children Aged 5 - 6 Years
Authors: Halifah Syarifah , Risma Rismayanti , Satriani Dewi
Published: August 2024

Children's self-awareness in Anugrah Kindergarten has not developed as it should. There are three child subjects in this study. The expression board game applied to this study is social play and playing with objects based on the explanation of the types of games that have been proposed. This study aims to analyze the development of self-awareness in group B children in Anugrah Kindergarten. The method carried out is qualitative with a qualitative descriptive approach. The techniques and data collection used in this study are observation, interview, and documentation techniques. Data analysis techniques use research instruments applied by researchers, namely observation sheets and anecdotal notes. The results showed that self-awareness can be developed through expression board game activities in children aged 5-6 at Anugrah Kindergarten in Parepare city.
The Implementation of Singing Activities in Developing Social Behavior of Children Aged 5-6 Years
Authors: Juniati Ratih , Nadia Fadillah Putri
Published: August 2024

Children's social behavior has not developed as expected; seven children have not been able to play with their peers and have not been able to respect their friends when singing. Singing can attract children's attention and be the right stimulus to develop children's social emotions. This research aims to discover that singing can create social behavior in children aged 5-6. The approach used is a qualitative approach. With a descriptive type of research, this research was conducted at Teratai UNM Integrated PAUD. The population in this study was all Group B and the sample of this research was Group B2. The research subjects were one teacher and 14 students. Data collection techniques in this research used observation, interview, and documentation techniques. The data analysis technique used was descriptive analysis. The research results show changes in children's social behavior, including playing with peers, respecting friends when singing, and having good manners. Initially, there was no visible change in the child's social behavior. Still, after implementing the singing activity, it was seen that the child experienced good changes in the attitude toward playing with peers, respecting friends when singing, and getting to know manners and manners so this activity is very appropriate to be recommended in the use of learning activities in teaching and learning process in class.
ANTARA HUTAN, INVESTASI, DAN KEMISKINAN: DINAMIKA EMISI KARBON DI INDONESIA
Authors: Sari Cut Putri Mellita , Trisniarti Noviami , Nailufar Fanny
Published: August 2024

The study assessed the impact of the proportion of forests, Inland Capital Growth (INC), and the number of poor people on carbon emissions in Indonesia. As a country with extensive tropical forests, Indonesia faces the challenge ofining forest sustainability amid the pressure of economic development. Industrial and infrastructure investments often lead to deforestation, increasing carbon emissions, while poor communities that rely on forests carry out environmentally damaging practices. This research filled the gaps in previous studies by exploring how variations in forest proportions, the impact of GDP in various sectors, and the relationship of poverty with land use affect carbon emissions. The study also examines the interactions between the three variables. The results are expected to provide a comprehensive insight into Indonesia's policy strategy for reducing carbon emissions. The double linear regression analysis method tests the influence between these variables. Data obtained from Indonesian Statistics for the period 2000-2022. The analysis results show that the proportion of forests has a negative and significant influence on carbon emissions, which means that increasing forest size can effectively reduce carbon emissions. Moreover, the PMDN has also been found to have a negative, significant impact on carbon emissions, suggesting that domestic investment plays a role in reducing emissions. On the contrary, the number of poor populations has no significant influence on carbon emissions. These findings indicate that policies to increase the proportion of forests and boost the MDGs can be effective strategies to reduce carbon emissions while reducing the number of poor populations does not directly affect carbon emissions.
Water Tales from Turkistan: Challenges and Opportunities for the Badam-Sayram Water System under a Changing Climate
Authors:   Hydrosolutions GmbH, Venusstrasse 29, 8050 Zürich, Switzerland, Zhumabaev Aidar , Schwedhelm Hannah ,   Hydrosolutions GmbH, Technical University Munich, Arcisstraße 21, 80333 Munich, Germany, Marti Beatrice ,   Hydrosolutions GmbH, Venusstrasse 29, 8050 Zürich, Switzerland, Ragettli Silvan ,   Hydrosolutions GmbH, Venusstrasse 29, 8050 Zürich, Switzerland, Siegfried Tobias ,   Hydrosolutions GmbH, Venusstrasse 29, 8050 Zürich, Switzerland
Published: August 2024

The Badam River, a tributary to the Arys River located in the Syr Darya basin, is a crucial natural resource for ecological, social, and economic activities in the semi-arid region of southern Kazakhstan. The river basin is heavily influenced by manmade water infrastructure and faces water scarcity, particularly during summer, highlighting the importance of understanding its hydrological processes for effective water resource management. In this study, a semi-distributed conceptual hydrological model of the Badam River was implemented using the RS MINERVE hydrological software to evaluate the impacts of climate change on hydrology and to test the resilience of the water system. Connected HBV models were implemented for each of the hydrological response units that were defined as altitudinal zones. The hydrological model was calibrated using daily time steps between 1979 and 2011, and the resulting flow exceedance curves and hydrographs were used to assess the potential impacts of climate change on the basin, using CMIP6 precipitation and temperature scenarios. Future climate scenarios for the 2054 – 2064 period demonstrate that the peak discharge will be shifted to spring/late spring compared to the current early summer with no significant decrease in average discharge per day of the year. The insights gained from this hydrological-hydraulic model can be used to effectively manage the water system and inform future hydropower design decisions and serve as a blueprint for similar studies in the region and elsewhere.
The Influence of the Teacher's Role, Principal Leadership, and School Rules on Student Discipline in Middle Schools
Authors: Alam M. Nurul , Fakhruddin Fakhruddin , Raharjo Tri Joko
Published: August 2024

School discipline is an effort that is consciously directed and organized to carry out the assigned tasks and can be accounted for according to their abilities; these efforts are realized to create school efficiency and achieve educational goals properly. This study aimed to determine the effect of teachers, principal leadership, and school discipline on student discipline. The research method used was quantitative. The subjects of this study were 8th & 9th-grade students of SMP Takhassus Al-Qur'an Sunan Gunung Jati Ba'alawy Semarang with a total population of 79, so the sampling used saturated samples because it was less than 100. The data collection method used a questionnaire that was tested for validity and reliability. The results of this study determined the influence of the variable role of teachers, principal leadership, and school discipline on student discipline.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DA EDUCAÇÃO EM SAÚDE NA REDUÇÃO DA MORTALIDADE MATERNO- INFANTIL
Authors: PAULO VANESSA SOUTO , BARRETO JULIANA CRUZ , LAGUNA GABRIELA GARCIA DE CARVALHO , LUZ LUDMILA LOPES
Published: August 2024

A mortalidade materno-infantil é um dos indicadores mais críticos de saúde pública,
refletindo as condições socioeconômicas, o acesso a cuidados de saúde e a qualidade dos serviços
oferecidos a gestantes e recém-nascidos. Segundo a Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS), cerca
de 295.000 mulheres morreram durante a gravidez e o parto em 2017, e muitas dessas mortes
poderiam ter sido prevenidas com cuidados adequados e educação em saúde (OMS, 2019). Dessa
forma, investigar como a educação em saúde pode contribuir para a redução desses índices é de
extrema relevância, logo é necessário compreender como diferentes métodos educativos podem ser
adaptados para atender às necessidades específicas das gestantes e suas famílias, especialmente em
contextos de vulnerabilidade social.
ALEITAMENTO MATERNO: BENEFÍCIOS VITAIS PARA A SAÚDE DA MÃE E DO BEBÊ
Authors: LAURINDO ASHLEY CAYMMI DE ALBUQUERQUE , LIRA IASNAIA MARIA OLIVEIRA SILVA , CASTRO MAURÍLIO DA SILVA , ARAÚJO JAINE AMORIM , VALE VITORIA STEPHANE DE SOUZA , SANTOS PEDRO HENRIQUE NASCIMENTO , RODRIGUES BRENO MENEZES , DELGADO YASMIM KAROLAINE GOMES , SILVA ADRIELY DE LIMA , PAZ MATHEUS WILLIAM MEDEIROS DA
Published: August 2024

A amamentação é um ato de amor e cuidado, ultrapassando as barreiras culturais e
geográficas. Nos primeiros momentos após o nascimento, o leite materno fornece não só o primeiro
alimento do bebê, mas também nutrientes essenciais e anticorpos que ajudam a fortalecer seu
sistema imunológico para garantir sua saúde enquanto se desenvolve. O ato de amamentar não só
fortalece o vínculo emocional do binômio, mas também traz benefícios para a saúde física e mental
da própria mãe (Keppler et al., 2020).
Del Trabajo Social presencial al Trabajo Social digital: sistematización del proceso de desmaterialización vía digitalización de los desempeños presenciales de Trabajo Social en el período de pandemia por COVID-19
Authors: Castañeda Meneses Patricia
Published: August 2024

El confinamiento por la pandemia de COVID-19 obligó a Trabajo Social a adecuar sus desempeños para asegurar el cumplimiento de sus funciones profesionales durante la emergencia sanitaria. Para ello incorporó las tecnologías digitales, como medios para apoyar el cumplimiento de las responsabilidades a cargo. En ese marco, el artículo presenta los resultados de una sistematización de experiencias que tuvo como objetivo caracterizar los procesos de desmaterialización vía digitalización de los desempeños presenciales de Trabajo Social durante la pandemia. Los resultados dan cuenta de la transferencia de los desempeños profesionales presenciales a medios virtuales, por medio de la adaptación e innovación de sus contenidos, y la validación de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TICs) en el desempeño profesional. Asimismo, se advierte sobre el riesgo de transformarlos en procesos automatizados, carentes de reflexividad y restrictivos en autonomía, que afecten las condiciones esenciales que vinculan los desempeños profesionales con las necesidades y las potencialidades presentes en la vida cotidiana de los sujetos.
BRIEF ANALYSIS ON THE IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON THE EUROPEAN ECONOMY
Authors: Ceocea Costel , Nichifor Bogdan , Timiras Laura
Published: August 2024

In the context in which globalization generates chain reactions, the economic disturbances generated by the Covid-19 crisis are encountered at the global, European and of course regional level and, due to the novelty of the manifestation of the crisis, the capacity of known economic models to provide quick solutions in this context has proved to be limited. Most of the economic imbalances that have occurred are not due to the epidemic itself, but to the measures taken to prevent the spread of this virus. Attempts are being made globally to identify exit scenarios from the crisis. Such scenarios are the result of individual and collective action by states affected by the pandemic. Obviously, the results are different depending on the characteristics, potential, commitment of each of the states / areas affected by the economic crisis and can be evaluated in term of efficiency only after the trigger factor will cease to exist.
Key Drivers of Brand Loyalty among Homogenous Firms: The Case of the Nigerian Telecommunication Industry
Authors: Efayena Obukohwo Oba , Olele Enoh Hilda , Buzugbe Ngozi Patricia
Published: August 2024

No firm operates in a vacuum without interacting within the immediate environment as well as reacting and counteracting with internal and external forces. Each firm operating in an industry strive to expand its operations gaining more market shares, while warding off rival firms from gaining competitive grounds comparatively. The Nigerian telecommunication industry possesses the characteristics of an oligopolistic industry which is predominantly a competitive industry with rival firms vying to retain customers’ loyalty and expand market share. The study thus investigates the impact of key drivers on brand loyalty among the firms. The PLS-SEM analysis employed in the study showed that while communication, cooperation and trust positively impact brand loyalty, product quality, value-for-money and service quality had no significant impact on brand loyalty. The study thus recommends that individual firms take conscientious efforts to develop and implement policies to stimulate brand loyalty as well as expand market share. The policy implications of this study can be applied to other competitive industries in Nigeria.
CONSIDERATIONS ON THE IMPACT OF HIGHER EDUCATION FROM AN ECONOMIC AND NON-ECONOMIC PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Nichifor Bogdan , Țimiraș Laura , Zaiț Luminița
Published: August 2024

The impact of higher education is reflected in both individual and collective benefits, economic and non-economic. For example, if pursuing higher education means an increased chance of employment at the individual level and of being better paid, at the macroeconomic level, a higher share of the population with higher education is associated with lower unemployment rates, with an increase in productivity and, consequently, with an acceleration of economic growth. The economic advantages of higher education are complemented by non-economic advantages such as: increased manifestation of civic spirit, increased care and better health, a decrease in crime etc. among the population with higher education. This article aims to highlight some of the economic and non-economic benefits, individual or collective, of higher education, starting on the one hand from information in the literature and on the other hand from official statistical information, using EU statistical information.
SHARE OF THE POPULATION WITH HIGHER EDUCATION IN BACAU - RANK OF THE COUNTY IN ROMANIA
Authors: Harja Eugenia , Stângaciu Oana-Ancuța , Măgirescu Daniela
Published: August 2024

The present paper starts from the analysis of the degree of education in higher education in Romania in recent years and the highlighting of the gaps between the Member States of the European Union, with an emphasis on the existing imbalances between the different areas of the country. Thus, if the European Commission defined as desirable a "European Education Area" in which by 2030 at least 45% of young people aged between 25 and 34 will have graduated from a university education program, in Romania the latest data indicate a level below 23% and slightly decreasing in recent years, compared to the European average of 41.2%. The last population census from the end of 2021 indicates for the North-East Region a proportion of only 14.6% of the population aged 20 and over who have completed higher education in the total population of this age group, being the last region in the country, but also from the EU. The dynamics between the last two censuses confirm the lowest increase in this indicator for the poorest region, with +21.4% compared to the Romanian average of +25%. Within the region, Bacău county, with an average of 13.2% at the last census, has the lowest dynamics not only in the region but also in the country, with an increase of only 11.1% of this proportion.
On farm Performance Evaluation of Exotic Chickens in Central Tigray, Northern Ethiopia
Authors: Teklay Berhe
Published: August 2024

The study was carried out on two purposively selected districts of central zone of Tigray, viz., Mereb Leke and Tahtay Michew. The aim of the study was to evaluate the on-farm performance of three exotic chicken strains under the farmer condition. A total of 96 households (48 household per district) were participated and then the selected strains (Sasso Rhode Island Red, Kuroiler and Koekoek) were distributed. GLM procedure was used for the on-farm data analysis. Data collected during the entire study were, growth data, fertility and hatchability, egg production, weight and age at point of lay. Better overall average daily body weight gains were achieved from 12-16 and 16-20 weeks by kuroiler chicken strains with value of 10.29, 13.68 gram respectively. Egg at first lay of SRIR and Kuroiler strains were 23.69 and 25.25 weeks respectively. The overall average egg production in the study area was 63.36% which was scored by SRIR strain. According to this study, based on their fast-growing kuroiler strain and based on their egg production potential SRIR strain were recommended to the study area and like agro ecologies.
Evaluation of volatile and bioactive compounds of ethanol leaf extracts of Justicia secunda using GC-MS and GC-FID analysis.
Authors: Chika Rose Onyema  , Reginald Nwazue Nwaoguikpe  , Aloy Chinedu Ene  , Chidi Uzoma Igwe
Published: August 2024

The study evaluated the volatile and bioactive constituents of ethanol extracts of Justicia secunda using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) for volatile composition while bioactive compound were assessed using gas chromatography flame ionization detector (GC-FID). The leaf extracts were prepared by being collected, air-dried, macerated in 96% ethanol, filtered and concentrated at 450C. The result obtained revealed the presences of bioactive compound such as flavonoid that include: Spartein (28.10 µg/ml), Ruti (15.6 µg/ml), Oxalate (12.70 µg/ml), Naringin (12.4 µg/ml), Steroids (11.7 µg/ml), Epinedrine (11.10 µg/ml), Cardiac glycoside (10.10 µg/ml), Flavonone (10.10 µg/ml), Ribalinidine (9.30 µg/ml), Anthocyanin (7.70%), Flavone (7.30 µg/ml), Sapogenin (7.30µg/ml), Proanthocyanin (6.90 µg/ml),Resveratol (6.70µg/ml), Epicatechin (5.70 µg/ml), Phytate (5.70µg/ml), Kaempferol (3.90 µg/ml),Catechin (2.00 µg/ml), Tannin (2.00 µg/ml). The GC-MS Screening of the plant’s extract identified eighty-two (82) bioactive compounds, which include Ethyl palmitate (5.54%), 2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol (4.04%),9,17-Octadecadienal, (4.05%), Linoleic acid ethyl ester (4.05%), 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid, ethyl ester (4.00%), Decane, 2-methyl (3.82%), Hexadecane (3.82%), Heptadecane, 2,6-dimethyl (3.26%), N-(3-methylButyl) acetamide (3.02%), Sulfurous acid, butyl octyl ester (3.25%), Hexane,1-(hexyloxy)-5-(3.06%) as the major bioactive compounds. The result of the GC-MS analysis showed that the ethanol extract of Justicia secunda contains many pharmacologically important bioactive compounds such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-diabetic anti-cancer effects. Traditionally, Justicia species are used in the treatment of inflammation, rheumatism, arthritis gastrointestinal diseases, anaemia and respiratory tract infection. The proximate analysis of the ethanol extract of the leaves revealed notable levels of various components, where carbohydrates were found to be the highest, followed by moisture content, protein, fats, fiber, and ash content, respectively.
A systematic review of suicide among Iranians physicians, etiology and solutions
Authors: Elnaz Ghaffari
Published: August 2024

Suicide is a multifaceted public health problem that, unfortunately, remains the leading cause of death worldwide. Studies show that the rate of mental illness, particularly suicide, is higher among doctors than among the public, and the risk of depression and suicide among doctors has also increased. Interventions such as resilience and mindfulness programs can reduce suicidal thoughts among medical students. Suicide prevention programs should target high-risk groups, such as physicians. Studies have shown that medical students and physicians are at higher risk of suicide than the general population. The prevalence of mental health issues and suicidal thoughts increases during medical school. Psychological factors, such as burnout, depression, anxiety, and hopelessness, can lead to suicidal thoughts. Considering the worldwide significance of this issue and the recent increase in mortality among youthful Iranian physicians, we conducted and investigated the prevalence and possible causes of suicidal ideation among Iranian medical students and graduates in this study. The problem of suicides among Iranian doctors and the sudden increase in the deaths of doctors, especially young people, is dangerous. Suicides among Iranian medical, dental, and pharmacy students have increased in recent years. It may be beneficial to support populations at high risk for suicidal ideation and provide screening for early intervention, as well as raise awareness of the prevalence and impact of suicidal thoughts among male students, school officials, and teachers. Screening should include individuals with a family history of mental health issues and those who are separated from their parents, as these individuals are at increased risk for suicidal thoughts. Reducing the prevalence of suicidal ideation may benefit from smoking cessation interventions and stress-reducing curricula. In addition, studies show that work stress among Iranian doctors and dentists can affect their work and treatment. Controlling and managing occupational stress is vital to prevent future problems, as it can have physical and psychological consequences. High levels of occupational stress among these doctors can also pose a danger to their patients. Identifying the causes of physician suicide can help to control and manage it.
Impact of land cover, soil type and topography on groundwater resources in Ebonyi State, Southeastern, Nigeria
Authors: Benard Ifeanyi Odoh  , Charity Nkiru Nwokeabia
Published: August 2024

Understanding the interplay between land use, topography, and soil properties is crucial for effective groundwater management. Ebonyi State, Nigeria, exhibits diverse land cover types, slope variations, and soil characteristics, all influencing groundwater dynamics. This study aims to analyze these factors to inform sustainable groundwater management practices. The primary aim is to assess the spatial distribution of land use/land cover (LULC), slope, and soil types in Ebonyi State and their implications for groundwater recharge, availability, and quality. The study employs geospatial analysis techniques to map and quantify LULC, slope, and soil types across Ebonyi State. Data were collected from satellite imagery, topographic maps, and soil surveys. The analysis involved classifying land cover types, calculating slope gradients, and determining soil erodibility (K-factor). The LULC analysis revealed that rangeland is the dominant land cover type, covering 4223.89 km², indicating extensive grazing activities. Forested areas, covering 812.81 km², play a significant role in groundwater recharge through enhanced infiltration. Agricultural lands (754.11 km²) suggest considerable groundwater extraction for irrigation. Urban areas (374.07 km²) pose challenges for groundwater recharge due to increased surface runoff. Water bodies and flooded vegetation, though covering smaller areas, contribute positively to groundwater recharge. The slope analysis showed that gentle slopes (0 - 1.49 degrees) dominate, favoring groundwater recharge. Steeper slopes exhibit higher runoff rates, reducing recharge potential. The soil analysis identified four main soil types: Ferric Acrisols, Gleysols, Dystric Gleysols, and Dystric Nitosols. Dystric Nitosols, covering the largest area, are well-drained and suitable for groundwater recharge, while Gleysols and Dystric Gleysols present drainage challenges. The extensive rangeland and forested areas enhance groundwater recharge, while urbanization reduces it. Gentle slopes support recharge, but steeper slopes require erosion control measures. Dystric Nitosols are favorable for groundwater recharge, but Ferric Acrisols and Gleysols need targeted management to mitigate erosion and improve drainage. Effective groundwater management in Ebonyi State requires a nuanced understanding of LULC, slope, and soil types. Rangeland and forested areas should be preserved for their recharge benefits, while urban expansion needs careful planning. Soil conservation and sustainable agricultural practices are essential to enhance groundwater recharge and maintain water quality. To ensure sustainable groundwater management, implement erosion control measures in Ferric Acrisols, effective drainage systems for Gleysols, and promote sustainable agricultural practices in Dystric Nitosols to enhance soil structure and groundwater recharge.
Statistical applications in the biomedical sciences: A review
Authors: Esosa Enoyoze  , Goddidit Esiro Enoyoze
Published: August 2024

This study covers applications areas of statistics in biological science. The integration of statistical methods into the biological sciences has revolutionized data analysis, enhancing the accuracy of data analysis and interpretation. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the key statistical techniques used in biomedical research, highlighting their applications, advantages, and limitations. We conducted a systematic literature search across major databases, we focused on studies that have employed descriptive statistics, inferential statistics, regression analysis, multivariate analysis, survival analysis, Bayesian statistics, and machine learning methods in biomedical sciences. Our findings reveal that statistical methods are indispensable in various areas, including genomics, proteomics, epidemiology, ecology, clinical trials, and pharmacology. Each section of this review details the specific applications of these methods, supported by relevant case studies that illustrate their practical implementation and impact. This review underscores the indispensable role of statistics in biological research, providing actionable insights and recommendations for researchers aiming to leverage statistical tools to drive scientific discovery.
The dual impact of AI and renewable energy in enhancing medicine for better diagnostics, drug discovery, and public health
Authors: Idoko Peter Idoko  , Abisinuola David-Olusa  , Sandra Gyamfuaa Badu  , Eke Kalu Okereke  , John Audu Agaba  , Olubunmi Bashiru
Published: August 2024

This review paper discusses how Artificial Intelligence (AI) and renewable energy are shaping the field of medicine. It focuses on improving accuracy speeding up drug discovery and enhancing health efforts. AI technologies are changing diagnostics by identifying patterns that may be missed by human doctors leading to better clinical decisions and outcomes, for patients. At the time incorporating energy into healthcare facilities is promoting sustainability cutting costs and ensuring a reliable power supply essential for uninterrupted medical operations. The paper also explores how machine learning models are used in drug discovery to streamline target identification improve trials and reduce development timelines and expenses. Additionally, it looks at how AI can enhance health by using analytics for early disease detection and efficient resource allocation while supporting these technologies with renewable energy solutions. By combining the advancements in AI with the benefits of energy this approach presents an sustainable perspective, on medicine that emphasizes innovation and environmental responsibility. It stresses the importance of research and ethical considerations to harness its potential.
Innovative strategic marketing practices to propel small business development and competitiveness
Authors: Oghenekome Urefe  , Theodore Narku Odonkor  , Shadrack Obeng  , Emmanuel Biney
Published: August 2024

In today's dynamic and competitive business environment, small businesses face unique challenges in establishing their presence and achieving sustainable growth. This paper explores innovative strategic marketing practices that can propel small business development and enhance competitiveness. The primary focus is on leveraging digital marketing, personalization, customer engagement, data analytics, and strategic partnerships. Digital marketing has revolutionized how small businesses reach and engage with their target audiences. By utilizing social media platforms, search engine optimization (SEO), content marketing, and email marketing, small businesses can create cost-effective and highly targeted campaigns. These strategies not only increase brand visibility but also foster customer loyalty through consistent and relevant communication. Personalization is another key strategy that drives small business competitiveness. By tailoring marketing messages and offers to individual customer preferences and behaviors, businesses can create more meaningful and impactful interactions. This approach enhances customer satisfaction and encourages repeat business, contributing to long-term growth. Effective customer engagement is critical for small businesses to build strong relationships and foster community. Utilizing interactive content such as polls, quizzes, and live chats on social media and websites can create a more engaging and immersive customer experience. Additionally, loyalty programs and personalized incentives can strengthen customer retention and advocacy. Data analytics plays a crucial role in informing and optimizing marketing strategies. By analyzing customer data, market trends, and campaign performance, small businesses can gain valuable insights that drive strategic decision-making. This data-driven approach allows for more precise targeting, efficient resource allocation, and continuous improvement of marketing efforts. Strategic partnerships and collaborations with other businesses, influencers, and community organizations can also enhance marketing effectiveness. These partnerships can expand reach, provide access to new customer segments, and enhance credibility. Co-marketing initiatives, joint events, and cross-promotions are examples of how small businesses can leverage strategic alliances for mutual benefit. In conclusion, innovative strategic marketing practices, including digital marketing, personalization, customer engagement, data analytics, and strategic partnerships, are essential for propelling small business development and competitiveness. By adopting these practices, small businesses can effectively navigate the competitive landscape, achieve sustainable growth, and secure a strong market position in today's ever-evolving business environment.
Integrated health monitoring system for checking patients’ vitals
Authors: Amadi C. A  , Oparauwah N. M  , Onyeama U. C  , Ajoku K. K.  , Usoro I. U  , Onyemauche U. C  , Odii J. N
Published: August 2024

The increasing demand for efficient healthcare services has propelled the development of efficient health monitoring systems. This paper presents a comprehensive system designed to monitor the vital signs of patients in real-time, aimed at enhancing patient care and reducing the burden on healthcare providers. The system integrates various sensors to Data collected from these sensors are transmitted wirelessly to a central database, where it is processed and analyses using sophisticated algorithms. The results are accessible through a user-friendly interface for both healthcare professionals and patients. This health monitoring system offers several critical benefits. it provides real-time alerts for any abnormal vital signs, enabling prompt medical intervention. Secondly, the continuous monitoring allows for the early detection of potential health issues, which can significantly improve patient outcomes. The methodology involves is the analytical and systematic application of Arduino Nano Boards as microcontrollers, such as DS18B20, DHT11 and with WIFI Modula; which are driven- real time-based temperature frameworks for optimization and abstraction of accurate patient’s health data result. Results demonstrated the system's accuracy, reliability, and user satisfaction.