bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Detection Model of Heavy Metal Pollution Source of City Surface Soil
Authors: Wei Lian Qiu
Published: June 2013

With the rapid development of city economy and increasing of city population , the impact of human activities on the environmental quality of the city is becoming more and more serious. The influence of human activity under the evolution model of city geological environment,has increasingly become the focus of attention. To make the analysis of these data through the concentration of heavy metals in the surface soil of the city, the location of sampling points and heavy metal concentrations of background value, establish a detection model of heavy metal pollution source about city surface soil.
Effects of Processing on Fiber Distribution and Mechanical Performance of Engineered Cementitious Composites (ECC)
Authors: Niu Heng Mao , Xing Yong Ming , Zhao Yan Ru
Published: June 2013

Engineered cementitious composites (ECC) are characterized by strain hardening and tight crack width control. Good fiber distribution can maximize fiber contribution. Processing can substantially influence fiber distribution, and consequently influence mechanical performance. Combined with the latest research results, this review summarizes the results of several studies in which the influence of processing on fiber distribution and mechanical performance was investigated. Based on the reviewed methods it is argued that the processing technique of producing ECC can improve fiber distribution.
Effect of Graphite Degradation on Thermal Analysis Cooling Curve of Ductile Iron Melt
Authors: Wang Li Qiang , Li Zhen Hua
Published: June 2013

In this work, characteristic temperatures of thermal analysis cooling curves of ductile iron melt during fading process were compared, and the graphite morphology of the corresponding samples were studied. Results show that the cooling curves response degradated nodularization promptly, and there are correspondences between the characteristic temperatures of cooling curve and graphite morphology. It indicates that it is feasible to estimate the fading situation of the melt rapidly by identifying the characteristic temperatures of the thermal analysis cooling curves.
Effect of Sintering Parameter on the Microstructure and Electrical Properties for Bi2Se3 Topological Insulator Crystals
Authors: Lv Li , Zhang Min , Yang Li Qin , Yang Xin Sheng , Zhao Yong
Published: June 2013

Single crystals of Bi2Se3 topological insulators have been prepared though melt-grown reaction. The sintering parameters of holding time and cooling rate obviously affect the phase structure and electrical properties. The samples with layered structure can be perpendicular cleaved with (0 0 L) axis. All the samples show n-type conductivity caused by the existence of Se vacancies. For low cooling rate, more Se atoms anti-occupy Bi lattice sites, which decreases c-axis lattice parameter and increases carrier concentration n; high cooling rate increases c and decreases n because of less Se atoms occupying Bi lattice sites. Increasing holding time firstly decreases the ratio of Se atoms occupying Bi lattice sites and then increases it, which gives rise to c firstly increase then decrease and n firstly decrease then increase.
ADP Single Crystal Growth from Solution in Defined Crystallographic Direction
Authors: Wen Ji Long , Teng Bing , Zhong De Gao , Ma Jiang Tao , Wang Ren Yu , Sun Jing
Published: June 2013

The method of growing ADP crystal along {100} direction rapidly has been studied. A platform was used to grow ADP crystal to improve its utilization and optical quality. Chemical etching was used to analyze the dislocation mechanism. It indicates that the crystal grown in the defined crystallographic direction {100} could be qualified for optical application. The grown crystals were characterized by optical transmission spectra. It can be observed that the transmittance of the sample grown by our method reached 85% in the visible region.
Chemical Methods for Synthesizing Gold Nanoparticles
Authors: Zhang Juan , Yu Jiang , Zhang Nai Yan , Liu Pei
Published: June 2013

For different requirements of particle size of syhthesizing nanoparticles, five practical chemical methods have been introduced including two phase method, homogeneous phase method and seeding growth method and so on. And detailed explanation on the experimental operation methods has been given.
Growth and Thermal Characterization of Yb:Y0.923Lu0.071VO4
Authors: Zhang Shi Ming , Teng Bing , Zhong De Gao , Zhang Bing Tao , Zhuang Shu Jie , Xu Hui , Li Jian Hong , Rupp Romano A.
Published: June 2013

A new mixed laser crystal, Yb0.006Y0.923Lu0.071VO4, has been successfully grown using the Czochralski method. X-ray powder diffraction analysis shows that the crystal has ZrSiO4 structure. Density, thermal expansion coefficients, specific heat and thermal diffusion coefficients were measured, and the thermal conductivity coefficients were determined.
Influence of La Doping on the Apparent Activation Energy of α-Al2O3 during the Densification Process at Constant Heating-Rate
Authors: Wang Feng , Chen Shaou , Shao Wei Quan , Wang Jian Jian , Wang Zhen
Published: June 2013

The apparent activation energy for densification is a characteristic quantity that elucidates the fundamental diffusion mechanisms during the sintering process. Based on the Arrhenius theory, the activation energy for densification of the pure and La doped α-Al2O3at constant heating-rates sintering has been estimated. Sintering of α-Al2O3and La doped powder has been executed by the way of a push rod type dilatometer. It was shown that the shrinkage and the relative density of the samples decreased with increasing heating rates. At the same sintering condition, the shrinkage of the pure α-Al2O3was higher than that of the La doped. According to the calculation, it was found that the apparent activation energy had a single value and did not depend on the relative density for both samples. The apparent activation energy of the pure α-Al2O3was 374.3kJ/mol, which was lower than that of La doped (966.5kJ/mol). So the densification process for α-Al2O3was retarded due to La doping, which was consistent with experimental results of the shrinkage.
Pressure Drop and Apparent Solids Concentration inside a Novel Multi-Regime Riser
Authors: Zhu Xiao Lin , Wang Guo Wei , Geng Qiang , Li Chun Yi , Yang Chao He
Published: June 2013

In this study, pressure drop across a novel CFB riser integrated with an enlarged bottom section was investigated under various operating conditions. Experimental results indicated that total pressure drop was much higher across the riser with larger diameter-enlarged section dimensions, consequently, resulting in lower solids circulation rate realizable in the riser. Based on the measured pressure drop across this novel riser, apparent solids concentrations of the diameter-enlarged section and the conveying section were obtained. Furthermore, empirical correlations for estimating overall average solids concentration in these two sections were established, respectively. And a satisfactory agreement between predictions and experimental results was observed.
Application of Fault Tree Analysis Method in Gas Explosion Accident
Authors: Wang Xiu
Published: June 2013

According to the gas explosion theory and the investigation of occurred gas explosion, the basic events that lead to coal mine gas explosion are summarized and the fault tree is worked out. Besides, the fault tree analysis is used for qualitative analysis. The minimal cuts sets, minimal path sets and structure importance are solved. Accordingly, the reasons of gas explosion are obtained, which can provide references for the prevention of coal mine gas explosion. The study showed that: the minimal cut sets of gas explosion is much(165) and the minimal path sets is small(4), and it is the major dangerous and harmful factors in coal mine. It that gas concentration must be strictly controlled and all sources of ignition should be eliminated is the basic and fundamental way to prevent mine gas explosion.
The Calibration of Piezoelectric Phase-Shifter Based on the Improved 2-D FTP
Authors: Li Jian , Jiang Jing Bo
Published: June 2013

In this work, we proposed a new calibration of piezoelectric phase-shifter using probability analysis based on Two-dimensional Fourier transform profilometry (2-D FTP). We tested the surface of the object under the noisy condition using the newly designed simulation system. It is found that both the relative and the absolute error are much less than those from the traditional method.
Application of Fiber Bragg Grating Earth Pressure Sensor in Safety Monitoring for Electric Steel Tower Foundation
Authors: Li De Li , Xue Jun Hua , Zhao Zhen Gang , Li Ying Na , Xie Tao , Xiong Xin , Li Chuan
Published: June 2013

Power transmission tower is an important part of power transmission equipment. The tower foundation is suffered by landslides, debris flows, erections of foundation settlement and so on. The power transmission tower near Yanjin transformer substation is selected to be measured. By using fiber Bragg grating (FBG) earth pressure sensor, the earth pressure of tower foundation is measured. The long-term monitoring data indicate that the #1 sensor daily variations amplitude of earth pressure is 7.22KPa, and the #2 sensor daily variations amplitude of earth pressure is 4.69KPa. In the 479 days, the rangeability of average data is 61.55KPa in sensor #1 and 64.05KPa in sensor #2. Compared with the local precipitation, the earth pressure of tower foundation is seasonal change. According to the history data, the warning threshold value is set as 280KPa.
Design of Intelligent Actuation Time Measurement for Low Voltage Electrical Apparatus
Authors: Wang Zhen , Si Jian Fei , Hui Li Sheng
Published: June 2013

In order to measure the actuation time of low voltage electrical apparatus, this paper designs an intelligent timing device triggered by single and double circuits. The device adopts the system structure of the upper and lower computer so that the action signals will be collected and measured by lower computer through conditioning, and the measurement results will be shown on the digital tube. Through communication with lower computer by RS232 serial port, the upper computer can display the real-time status and results of the measurement and issue commands to control the operation of the device. Utilizing modular programming, and targeted for the action characteristics of different components, this paper puts forward adaptive optimization testing algorithm, which can achieve single / double circuit timing, digital display, upper computer monitoring, manual / programmed control, the positive and negative transition trigger of the adaptive input signal and other functions. After the tests on actual functionality and reliability, the device is successfully applied in aircraft power supply system. The results suggest that the function of the timing device is complete, its structure is simple, easy to maintain, and it can meet the measurement requirements of the actuation time for low voltage electrical components.
Design of Intelligent Flushing System
Authors: Yang Jun Kai
Published: June 2013

The design uses intelligent flushing system simulation demonstrator developed by C51 series microcontroller (AT89S52) to achieve light control automatic flushing, and tap water leakage automatic detection and alarm. This system is characterized by high rate of water saving, sanitary, convenient, and low cost.
Ultrasensitive Determination of Rutin on Ag Nanoparticles- Poly(p-aminobenzene sulfonic acid)/Graphene Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode
Authors: Sun Na , Xia Jian Fei , Wang Zong Hua , Xia Yan Zhi , Zhang Fei Fei , Xia Lin Hua
Published: June 2013

The Ag nanoparticles-Poly(p-aminobenzene sulfonic acid)/graphene modified glassy carbon electrode (AgNPs-PABSA/GR/GCE) was fabricated by electrodepositon of AgNPs-PABSA onto graphene modified glassy carbon electrode (GR/GCE). The reported method was simple and fast. Combining the advantages of GR (high surface area and good conductivity), AgNPs (excellent electronic conductivities) and PABSA (the ability to interact with many components through hydrophobic or π–π electronic interaction), the AgNPs-PABSA/GR modified electrode effectively improved the sensitivity for the determination of rutin.
Combining Two Detectors for Object Tracking
Authors: Yang Ling Xiao , Ge Hong
Published: June 2013

Tracking objects in the video sequences remains challenging problems such as occlusion and changes in appearance. Recently, the tracking-by-detection framework is widely used. We propose a simple and effective framework based on tracking-by-detection to determine the target position. The main idea is to combineRandom FernsandImplicit Shape Model. By combining these two detection methods, the position of a target can be tracked even when it is not fully appeared. Experiments show significant improvement in handling 3D-motion, fast appearance change and background clutter. We only focus on one target tracking problem.
Solvent Extraction of Uranium by Laminar Flow in Microfluidic Chips
Authors: Zhang Jing , Liao Jun Sheng , Deng Da Chao , Wang Huai Sheng , Chen Zhi Lei
Published: June 2013

The system of uranyl nitrate aqueous solution and tributylphosphate (TBP) dissolved in kerosene is widely used all around the world, no matter in nuclear fuel cycle or analysis of impurities in uranium. The extraction process is mature, but the amount of consumption of organic reagent and generation of radioactive waste solution is huge, that is not environment friendly. Microfluidic is very popular nowadays, and one of its many applications is extraction. Here in this paper, we studied the flow situation of water and 20%TBP-kerosene, find the relationship between width ratio and flow rate ratio. And we used chemical modification to get a good separated outlet, and we observed the stability of OTS modified glass, that is stable in our circumstance. Finally we use the modified channels to achieve the extraction process, and find the extraction ratio is increases by contact time increases, and has no relationship of initial concentration.
Aromatic Components Analysis of HongDao Clam by HS-SPME and GC-MS
Authors: Lan Xin , Xue Yu Ping , Chen Xu Ren , Yang Ying Jie
Published: June 2013

s: The paper extracted the flavor components of Hongdao Clam by using HS-SPME Technique and made an analysis of it by GC-MS. It compared the analysis results of 75 μm Carboxen/PDMS microextraction fibers and 100 μm PDMS microextraction fibers, with the result that the later one was suitable for flavour substance analysis of Hongdao Clam. Besides, by comparing the flavor components of Hongdao clam meat and soup, the thesis reached a conclusion that there are eight common ingredients in them, as well as the type and relative percentage composition of the flavor substance. This research provided a reference for the application of combining SPME and GC-MS techniques in aquatic product processing industry.
Monolithically Integrated MEMS Optical Device with Switching and Attenuating Function
Authors: Chen Ying Jun , Li Yan Mei , Chen Qing Hua , Wu Wen Gang
Published: June 2013

In this paper, a monolithically integrated device composed of optical switch (OS) and variable optical attenuator (VOA) is described. The device shows more functionality and more compactness in the all optical networks. Besides the advantage of wide attenuation range, its fabrication is simple and reliable. In our laboratory, a monolithically integrated optical device has been fabricated and setup for investigation. Experimental results have shown that the proposed approaches improve the compositive performance.
Depth from Defocus Using Geometric Optics Regularization
Authors: Wu Qiu Feng , Wang Kuan Quan , Zuo Wang Meng
Published: June 2013

This paper formulates the problem of recovering depth information of the scene from two defocused images as the minimization of the information divergence between the two measured defocused images based on geometric optics regularization. This geometric optics regularization term is attained according to different relative position of image plane and image focus. The experimental results show that the quality of the estimated depth is significantly better than that obtained without the geometric optics regularization.
Image Classification Base on Sparse Representation with Basis Design
Authors: Huang Hao Feng , Chen Shao Ying
Published: June 2013

An image classification method based on sparse representation with basis design is proposed. We construct a classification model under the sparse representation theory. The sparse model can lead to be better performance under a suitable dictionary, so the basis design method can follow the same process as discussed in[6].The experiments show that the proposed method improves the result.
The Influence of Auxiliary Chemicals on the Decolorization of Reactive Blue Dye by Laccase
Authors: Hao Long Yun , Wang Rui , Fang Kuan Jun , Liu Jing Quan
Published: June 2013

In this research, the ability of a commercial laccase to decolorize a reactive blue dye was investigated. The influences of operating temperature and pH on the enzymatic decolorization were carefully checked, which indicated the optimal temperature is 40°C and the pH value at 4.0. By monitoring the decolorization of reactive dye, it was found the activity of laccase was affected by various auxiliary chemicals such as common salts, metal ions, chelating agents and surfactants.
A Novel Cache Sharing Scheme and Implementation in Multi-Core Real-Time Linux System
Authors: Cui Jian Jiang , Li Si Yuan , Pan Feng
Published: June 2013

Memory allocation and management of real-time task and sub real-time task have been becoming the hot problem that people concern all the time. Page coloring technology is a kind of practical method which can realize isolation of cache space. This article aimed at the problem of cache resource competition caused by shared memory on multi-core real-time system, to solve the collision of cache visit, put forward the scheme of cache space isolation based on page coloring technology and the realization method. The problem that data collide with the visit on cache can be finally avoided, by dividing the shared cache space.
The Application of Wavelet Transform and the Adaptive Threshold Segmentation in Image Change Detection
Authors: He Zeng , Zhang Zhong Wei , Feng Han , Wang Long
Published: June 2013

Change detection is widely used in various fields of the image processing, such as remote sensing image analysis for land resources. Change detection is to find out the differences between the images to get the information of the object changes by analysis the images of the different periods. In this paper, the wavelet method was conducted on the images of the polyester material before melting and melting and calculated the differences of wavelet coefficients. Then performed the wavelet inverse transform to get the wavelet difference image and conducted adaptive threshold segmentation. Finally the rate curve of melting process of polyester material was calculated by image change quantized value, which was concluded by the wavelet difference image binarization.
Accelerating PQMRCGSTAB Algorithm on Xeon Phi
Authors: Chen Cheng , Yang Can Qun , Yao Wen Ke , Qi Jin , Wu Qiang
Published: June 2013

Utilizing iterative method to solve the large sparse linear systems is the key to many practical mathematical and physical problems. Recently, Intel released Xeon Phi, a many-core processor of Intel’s Many Integrated Core (MIC) architecture, comprises 60 cores and supports 512-bit SIMD operation. In this work, we aim at accelerating an iterative algorithm for large spare linear system, named PQMRCGSTAB, by using both Xeon Phi’s 8-way vector operation and dense threads. Then, we propose three optimizations to improve the performance: data prefetching to hide the data latency, vector register reusing, and SIMD-friendly reduction. Our experimental evaluation on Xeon Phi delivers a speedup of close to a factor 6 compared to the Intel Xeon E5-2670 octal-core CPU running the same problem.
Robust Guidance Control for Nonholonomic AGV Based on First Order Dynamic Sliding Mode Techniques
Authors: Ye Jin Hua , Li Di , Wang Shi Yong , Ye Feng
Published: June 2013

This paper develops a high performance guidance controller for automated guided vehicle (AGV) with nonholonomic constraint. In this controller, the path following method in the Serret-Frenet frame is used for driving the AGV onto a predefined path at a constant forward speed. Moreover, a first order dynamic sliding mode controller is proposed, not only to overcome the impact of unknown model uncertainties and external disturbances of the system, but also to weaken the chattering in the standard sliding mode control. The global asymptotic stability and robustness of the system is proven by the Lyapunov theory and LaSalles invariance principle. Simulation results show the validity of the proposed guidance control scheme.
Numerical Analysis on Load-Displacement Curves of Pile Bearing Uplift Load with Expanded Plates
Authors: Fan Meng Hua
Published: June 2013

Several axisymmetric pile-soil finite element models were established to analyze load-placement curves. It was proved that the bearing capacity of the pile with plates is more than the equivalent diameter pile, and the subjacent plate has a remarkable potentiality, so the plate of pile should be at deep depth; the span of adjacent plates should not be less than the critical one, or the upper plate and the subjacent one will influence each other and reduce the uplift bearing capacity; the plate shape and height affect less than diameter to pile bearing capacity. The result is helpful to the design and construction of similar piles.
Sensitivity Analysis to Attribute Values Based on Grey Correlation in Multiple Attribute Decision Making and its Application
Authors: Feng Hong Xiang , Xiao Ying Jie , Kong Fan Cun
Published: June 2013

With respect to the multiple attribute decision making problems based on grey correlation, sensitivity analysis is proceeded to attribute values, and analysis model as well as search algorithm are proposed to compute the attribute variation intervals which preserve the original ranking. Finally, an example is presented to demonstrate its application.
A Robust Image Watermarking Algorithm Based on PCA and NN
Authors: Wang Wei , Li Wen Hui , Zheng Jiang Chao
Published: June 2013

In this paper, a novel gray-level image watermarking algorithm is presented for copyright protection. A method which encodes the gray-level secret information into bit sequence is developed. It uses the principal component analysis to extract the most valuable features of the watermark image and reduces lots of redundant information. The application of the proposed scheme makes the gray-level watermark capable of transparent hiding. Simulation results show that our method performs better than traditional methods.
Flight Control System for UAV Based on Simulink
Authors: Jin Guo Dong , Lu Li Bin , Liang Juan , Zhu Xiao Fei
Published: June 2013

Most UAV flight control system simulation was used for evaluating the quality of UAV and designing it, however, the results failed to conform to actual flight laws. According to the need of UAV simulator in actually, a new way which was convenient for engineering computing and appropriated for simulation training was built for simulating flight control system. With the actual flight figures, flight parameters were modified by Least squares method curve fitting. The system offers a way for developing UAV simulation training system, thus of great value in both theory and practice.
Distributed Construction for Power Aware Connected Dominating Set
Authors: Wang Xue Yu , Shan Bing Qiang , Sun Li Shan
Published: June 2013

This paper proposes a distributed algorithm for constructing power aware connected dominating set. It starts from any node, using depth first search, to form a connected dominating set after completing search in one orientation and then backtrack search in other orientations. For any dominating node’s neighbor nodes, when any neighbor node’s energy is lower than the threshold energy, backtrack search in other orientations. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithms perform better than some known ones.
Study on the Property Management Problems and its Countermeasures in Small City of China
Authors: Wang Cheng Xin , Li Qiang , Liu Kai , Song Shan Shan
Published: June 2013

Along with the rapid development of China’s property management industry, problems relating to property management also emerge continuously. In this study, statistical methods such as SPSS were used, and surveys conducted in a town of Shandong Province was taken to analyze the problems and its causes existing in the property management in a small city .Based on the surveys and analysis, countermeasures for improving the property management level were proposed.
Natural Disaster Risk Management and Sustainable Development Research of Huangshan Scenic Area
Authors: Hu Shan Feng , Zhu Hong Bing , Wang Yu
Published: June 2013

The paper takes Huangshan scenic area as the research object and uses depth interviews and field investigation methods to analyze its natural disaster risk management situation. The research shows that the natural disasters in Huangshan scenic area can be divided into three main types: geological disasters, meteorological and hydrological disasters and forest disasters. Then, the paper summarizes the experience in dealing with natural disasters, including the establishment of Huangshan Scenic Area Disaster Management Center, Scenic lightning monitoring and warning system, and emergency rescue team. Finally, the paper brings up countermeasures for sustainable development of the scenic area from five aspects: enhancing the risk management awareness, using new technology, strengthening stakeholder management and improving the emergency rescue team mechanism.
Analysis of Evaluating Bid Price of Reasonable Lowest Price in Construction Project Bidding
Authors: Chen Jun
Published: June 2013

the biggest characteristics of Bidding are openness, fairness and preferred. The essence of the tender and bid is making advanced productive foreces develop much better and backward productivity eliminated through the market competition mechanism so as to effectively promote economic development and social progress. In this paper, we discussed and analysed the pricing method of reasonable lowest price evaluation of the bid assessment in construction project bidding, providing effective reference for reasonable lowest price evaluation method in construction project bidding.
Study on the Conditions of Glucoamylase Production of the Rhizopus oryzae by Solid State Fermentation
Authors: Huang Dan , Li Yu Long , Liang Yuan , Yang Yue Huan
Published: June 2013

The conditions of glucoamylase production of theRhizopus oryzaeinLuzhou-flavorDaQu by solid state fermentation were studied. According to the Box-Benhnken design, the conditiones of glucoamylase production of theRhizopus oryzaewere optimized by solid state fermentation. The results showed the optimum conditions of glucoamylase production of theRhizopus oryzaeinLuzhou-flavorDaQu by solid state fermentation were culture temperature 29°C, the water content in culture medium 53%, culture time 164h, glucoamylase activity was 2194.44U/g.
Expression Clone of TMEM16A as a Calcium-Activated Chloride Channels in CHO Cells
Authors: Hao Feng , Hou Yi Ju , Zhao Chen , Zhang Li , Tong Zhi Qiang , Li Ai Tong , Yi Bo , Zhang Zhong Xin , Wang Shuang , Zhu Hang Fei , Li Yan , Fang Fang
Published: June 2013

There is compelling evidence that TMEM16A fuctions as calcium-activated chloride channels (CaCCS), which was discovered by three independent labs in 2008 after Calcium-activated chloride channel current was first recorded in the 1980s. CaCCs are involved in many physiological processes, including transepithelial fluid secretion, smooth muscle contraction , sensory signal transduction and others. CaCCs are considers as potential drug therapy of hypertension, secretoy diarrheas, neuropathic pain, asthma, cystic fibrosis and certain tumors. In our previous study, TMEM16A with green fluorescence protein (GFP) fusion protein were subcloned into pcDNA3.1/Zeo. In this study, TMEM16A transient transfection conditon of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells were optimized through liposome transfection and CHO cells expressing TMEM16A were got by stable transfection in which the classical calcium-activated chloride channels current was recorded by whole cell patch clamp technique. By a comparison between the results in this study and the results in previous study, both CHO and FRT cells are suitable for TMEM16A-pcDNA3.1 expression through liposome transfection and currents were recorded in both FRT and CHO cells by whole cell patch clamp technique, but our results indicated different purposes should require different cell lines and methods. These results were beneficial for the delving into study of TMEM16A-CaCCs by patch clamp technique which is the gold standard for real-time investigation of ion channels and their effectors.
Quantification of Total Flavonoids, Total Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Activity of Extracts from the Seed of Viburnum odoratissimum
Authors: Qiu Shu Mei , Huang Hai Lan , Wang Hai Yuan , Wang Zong Hua
Published: June 2013

The fruit of Viburnum odoratissimum is an elliptical berry. The aims of our study were the quantification of some antioxidants using colorimetric assays and the determination of antioxidant activities by three methods, and the relationships between these bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities of the crude extract (CE) and its four fractions derived from the seed of the fruit of Viburnum odoratissimum were investigated. The results showed that the n-butanol-soluble fraction (BF)was the richest fraction in total flavonoids and total phenolic. The ethyl acetate-soluble fraction (EAF) and BF showed good superoxide radical scavenging activity(SRSA) and reducing power(RP), while the petroleum ether-soluble fraction(PEF) possessed the highest inhibiting lipid peroxidantion activity(LPA).There were statistically significant correlations between some antioxidants and antioxidant activities.
Study on the Degumming Process of Abelmoschus Manihot (L.) Medik by Microwave-Assisted Treatment
Authors: Zhang Yan , Tian Ming Wei , Qu Li Jun , Guo Xiao Qing , Bao Xiao Jing
Published: June 2013

In this study, aiming at the characteristics of Abelmoschus manihot (L.) bast lignin content is high and degumming difficulty, it introduces a new type of degumming methods. Microwave-assisted treatment was used in the degumming process of Abelmoschus manihot (L.) Medik. The effect of NaOH concentration, microwave-assisted treatment time and temperature on the residual gum content in Abelmoschus manihot (L.) Medik fibers were investigated. The result showed that the optimal conditions by microwave-assisted treatment were 50min of processing time,10g/L of NaOH concentration and 95°C of temperature when the residual gum content could reach to 0.96%. Compared with the traditional process, this method significantly shortened the time from 90-240min to 50min. Developed a highly efficient, low energy consumption degumming process, and the Abelmoschus manihot (L.) fiber after the degumming process was be applied to the development and utilization of textile products.
The Research of Decentralized Wastewater Treatment Mode in Rural Areas in China
Authors: Cui Yu Qian , Li Yue
Published: June 2013

With the implementation of new rural development policy and development of rural economic in China, water pollution becomes a serious problem in rural areas, which has been the major factor that leads to watershed quality deterioration and ground water pollution. It should adjust measures to local condition to use decentralized wastewater treatment mode in rural area in China. Basing on current situation and characterization of wastewater discharge in rural areas, the characterization, application and development of decentralized wastewater treatment in the worldwide were reviewed. Major problems encountered in its design and operation processes were discussed, solution measures were also given combining the actual condition in rural areas.
Synthesis and Properties of Au Nanoparticles with Various Sizes
Authors: Zhu Yuan Na , Cao Yong Qiang , Zhang Ai Yu , Yang Ping
Published: June 2013

Properties of Au nanoparticles (NPs) caused by various sizes (5-12 nm) were studied in this article. Au NPs capped with citrate of various sizes were synthesized by two methods including trisodium citrate dihydrate reduction of chloroauric acid tetrahydrate and sodium borohydride reducion of chloroauric acid tetrahydrate. Au NPs were characterized and measured by using transmission electron microscope (TEM), UV-vis-NIR absorption spectroscopy, and surface Raman scattering. The results of experiment indicated that the size of Au NPs was related to the type of reducing agent and molar ratio of reducing agent and chloroauric acid. The weaker the reducing capacity of the reducing agent or the lower the molar ratio, the bigger the size of Au NPs is. The max wavelength of absorption peak for the citrate-capped Au NPs is red-shifted with the increase of particle diameter. Raman scattering observed from Au NPs of various sizes is found to be NP size-dependent. It is clear that the bigger Au NPs are more apparent in the Raman scattering determination. Size-tunable Au NPs should be crucial for biosensors, particularly as Raman-tag particles.
Effects of Dimension on Dynamic Behaviors of Fiber-Reinforced Composites
Authors: Fen Jia Chen , Peng Gang , Wang Xue Cai
Published: June 2013

For analyzing the effects of specimen-dimension on dynamic behaviors of fiber-reinforced composites, 4 kinds of CFRP specimens for different dimension were designed and made. The compressive loading tests were conducted by Ф 37mm split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) system. The results show that the dynamic compression effects of specimen-dimension were exposed. An amount of Fiber-reinforced units inside the compressed area of the fiber-reinforced composites, then the experimental data are veracious for the material.
A New Heusler Alloy of V2NiGa: A First-Principles Study
Authors: Feng Lei , Wang Fei , Gao Ju , Yin Jin Zhi , Luo Xiu Yan
Published: June 2013

A new Heusler alloyV2NiGawith Hg2CuTi-type structure was investigated by first-principles calculations. The band structures and magnetic properties have been studied. The alloy has a total magnetic moment of 1.05μBper unit cell on first-principles calculations which is in agreement with theSlaterPauling(SP) rule. The magnetic moments ofV(1) atom andV(2) atom are 1.28μBand-0.44μBrespectively, so the alloy is a ferrimagnetism.
Effect of Hot Extrusion Process on Microstructure and Properties of Wide and Hollow AZ31 Magnesium Alloy Profiles
Authors: Lv Jian Gang , Quan Gao Feng , Li Rui Chun , Shi Chun Yuan , Zhang Ying Bo , Xie Xi'an
Published: June 2013

According to the profile section of transport equipment, the wide and hollow AZ31 magnesium alloy profiles was self-designed. Extrusion molding performance of the profiles, the law of microstructure and mechanical properties were studied when billets pretreatment and extrusion temperature were changed. The conclusions are as follows: (1) The grains of AZ31 profiles extruded by pre-extrusion billet are smaller and the strength is better, its maximum tensile strength is 280MPa. (2) Other processes being equal, the grains of AZ31 profiles are smaller and strength is higher, but the plastic is bad, when the extrusion temperature is 300°C. However, both strength and ductility of AZ31 profiles are better, when the extrusion temperature is 350°C. (3) Wide and Hollow AZ31 profiles perform significant heterogeneity and anisotropic characteristics on mechanical properties.
Design and Finite Element Structural Analysis of the Pin Tooth Gear
Authors: Yang Xian Hong
Published: June 2013

Based on the structural characteristics of the gear drive pin, the use of Pro/E software parametric feature modeling capabilities to complete the three-dimensional shape of the gear, the gear and then use MECHANICA module to complete the creation of the finite element model, and finally using ANSYS finite element model of computing gear solving and simulation, thus completing the gear of virtual design. The design, high efficiency, easy operation, easy to modify the designer; it is in the engineering field has a certain reference.
Finite Element Analysis of Static Characteristic of Rubber Spherical Joint for Commercial Vehicle Thrust Rod
Authors: Feng Guo Yu , Shi Wen Ku , Wang Qian , Ke Jun , Teng Teng
Published: June 2013

The thrust rod for a heavy-duty commercial vehicle suspension system as the research object, the application of finite element method analysis of the static radial characteristics of rubber spherical joint. Introduces the basic theory of constitutive relationship of rubber materials, thrust rod established the finite element model, calculation and analysis of the influence degree of spherical joint structure parameters on the static characteristics of rubber spherical joint. The results show that, the circumferential diameter rubber increased properly and bush using plastic layer can improve the rubber bushing stiffness, and reduce the maximum stress.
A Material Model for Steel Plates during the Cooling Process
Authors: Zhang De Feng , Liang Yin , Du Zhong Lin , Mao Xiao Huang
Published: June 2013

The time-dependent inhomogeneous temperature distribution in steel plates during the cooling increases thermal strains which, in turn, generate plastification and thus residual stresses. Moreover, phase transformation from the parent austenite phases into a product phase typically entails not only metallurgical strains but also accounts for transformation induced plasticity (TRIP), which again generates transformation related residual stresses. A unified material model that consisting of all relevant contributions to the total strain rate, i.e., elastic, plastic, thermal, metallurgical and TRIP strain contributions could be built in this paper. Transformation also released a significant amount of latent heat which naturally affected the temperature field that governed the evolution of the product phase. For the latter kinetic relationship about difference between diffusive and displacive transformation mechanisms depending on the local cooling rate is presented. Using an Avrami-like approach, the transformation kinetics is set up especially for complex cooling histories. The material model simulated the evolution of the residual stresses as well as the warping of the steel plates after completely cooling to room temperature.
Compaction Characteristic of Lime Modified Expansive Soil
Authors: Zhao Zheng Rong , Wang Lei , Yang Hong Xia
Published: June 2013

Through compaction test discussed about the compaction characteristics of expansive soil by lime modified in middle of Shandong province. The results show that the optimum moisture content is lower when the expansive soil is cured by dry compaction method, and the maximum dry density is higher. Compaction curve appeared the phenomenon of two peaks when expansive soil is cured by wet compaction method.Lime content of lime improved expansive soil, particle size composition, age and compaction function have influence on compaction curve.With the increase of the quantity of lime, the optimum moisture content increases, the maximum dry density decreases. With the age growth, the optimum moisture content increase slightly,the maximum dry density decreases slightly. The bigger the compaction work, the smaller moisture content is, the larger the maximum dry density is.
Research of Hydration Hardening and Strength Development of Magnesium Oxychlorine Cement in Brine
Authors: Liu Qing Wei , Yu Hao , Huang Xin
Published: June 2013

In western region of China distributes a large area of high salt concentration of saline soil. Portland cement concrete used in underground facilities cannot satisfy the demand of lifetime, due to the severe corrosion of saline soil. Magnesium oxygenchlorine cement has perfect resistance to salt corrosion, but it is air-hardening material. There is not related research about the hydration, hardening and strength stability of magnesium oxygenchlorine cement in brine. In this research, the strength development regularity of magnesium oxygenchlorine cement which has different compositions, different ways of curing, and was soaked in different concentration of Golmud salt lake brine was studied. The results showed that the proper composition of magnesium oxygenchlorine cement could hydrate, harden, develop and maintain strength; the magnesium oxygenchlorine cement hardening in air could keep strength stability in brine.
Scaling of Diffraction Range for Propagation Characteristics of the Finite Energy Airy Beam on the Analogy of its Main Lobe and Gaussian Beam
Authors: Zhou Yuan , Lin Feng , Tan Chao , Fu Xi Quan
Published: June 2013

In this paper, by analyzing the main lobe of the Airy beam and its fitting Gaussian beam, we define the Rayleigh range of Airy beam based on the width of FEABs main lobe for scaling the propagation characteristic of the Airy beam. The similar diffraction-free distance of FEAB (here, the width of the main lobe expanding to times) can be scaled by Rayleigh range, but it is from infinite (Pure non-diffraction beam) to one Rayleigh range (the same with Gaussian beam) when decay factor is from 0 to 1. On the contrary, although the FEAB with smaller decay factor () can propagate more Rayleigh ranges keeping diffraction-free, the effective energy in the main lobe is low by studying the power in the bucket (PIB). If more energy needing in the main lobe, the FEAB need bigger decay factor () will become more similar with Gaussian beam which can propagate about one Rayleigh range.
Apochromatic Collimator Objective Lens Design with Big Field of View
Authors: Guo Fei , Zhao Mei , Zhou Mai Yu , Yang Ming Quan , Cong Shan Shan
Published: June 2013

Objective lens is the core part of a collimator, its quality has a direct impact on the collimators quality. Due to the small field of view and low image quality requirement, general collimator objective lens is difficult to achieve the requirement of testing an aerial camera s performance. So designing a large field of view, apochromatic collimator objective lens has an important practical significance. In this paper, the major qualifications were first proposed to design the collimator objective lens,according to which the initial configuration was confirmed. Then we used the ZEMAX optical design software to optimize the initial structure and normalized the optimized structural parameters. Finally the image quality of collimator objective lens was evaluated to make it achieve the requirement of qualifications.
High Power Diode Laser Source with Wavelength Coupling Technology
Authors: Gu Yuan Yuan , Wu Guo Xing , Lu Hui , Cui Yan
Published: June 2013

Laser diode has incited particular interest as photoelectric conversion efficiency, output power and lifetime for a variety of applications in industry processing. The single laser diode optical power has not satisfied for the actual requirements. It demands to couple several diode laser beams into one beam to output directly or by an optical fiber to improve the brightness, and it becomes the central issue to adopt the appropriate beam coupling technology which would offer high quality and high efficiency. In order to output high power, we utilized wavelength coupling technology to couple two laser beam of different wavelength together with beam splitter cube (BSC), the key technology and the principle of wavelength coupling is indicated and analyzed in this paper .Using 808nm and 980nm laser diode realize wavelength coupling with high output power, the efficiency more than 80% and spot size can be achieved after focusing to the beam size of 3×3mm2.
The Design of a Hybrid Diffractive-Refractive Wide-Angle Eyepiece with a Large Exit Pupil Distance
Authors: Wang Feng , Cao Jian Zhong , Qu En Shi , Yu Deng Qun , Yan A Qi , Zhang Jian , Guo Hui Nan , Zhao Xiao Dong , Fan Zhe Yuan , Tao Jin You
Published: June 2013

The diffractive optical elements, with the negative dispersive characteristic and the random phase distributing to realize random phase modulation for wave-front, are not only helpful to simplify the optical system, but also improve the image quality, while putting it into the optical system. It can decrease the element numbers of the system and obtain a compact configuration that introducing diffractive optical element into the design of eyepiece. A hybrid diffractive-refractive wide-angle eyepiece, with a big exit pupil distance, is designed by using the Code V Optical Design Software. The features of the wide-angle eyepiece are 30mm effective focal length, 60°whole field-of-view (FOV), 30mm exit pupil distance and 6mm exit pupil diameter, and which consists of four lens and two diffractive elements. From the result of design, the MTF in the center field of the wide-angle eyepiece is over 0.55at 60lp/mm, at the same time, the MTFs in all fields are over 0.3 at 50lp/mm, which show that this wide-angle eyepiece has a great image quality.
The Design of Intelligent Lighting Controller Based on the SCM
Authors: Cai Jia Xing , Zhu Zong Jiu , Chen Jie
Published: June 2013

The intelligent lighting controller based on the SCM uses the pyroelectric infrared sensor and sensitive optical sensor to collect the signals, which are sent to the SCM after changed into the digital signals by the A/D converter, and then the SCM controls the lamps on or off according to the signals collected by the pyroelectric infrared sensor and changes the duty cycle of PWM wave according to the signals collected by the sensitive optical sensor to adjust the lighting power of the lamps till the difference of the indoor lighting intensity and the setting point is less than some certain value achieving the constant light intensity intelligent illumination. Actually, compared with other lighting controllers, this controller can not only be able to avoid the waste of resource, but also effectively extend the life of the lamps.
CBR-Based Cutting Parameter Selection System and Searching Algorithm for Metal Machining Operations
Authors: Cao Yan , Cao Sen , Bai Yu , Yang Xiao Fei
Published: June 2013

At present, most factories choose cutting parameters only depending on experience or handbooks in production. To improve the intelligent level of cutting parameter selection, Case-Based Reasoning (CBR) is used to search rational cutting parameters. The structure of a CBR-based cutting parameter selection system is presented and its functional modules are discussed. CBR-based cutting parameter selection system is mainly composed of case base management system, cutting parameter database management system, application, interface, etc. A complete case is composed of four parts, i.e., objectives, initial conditions, constraints and results. The system adopts hierarchical searching method in combination with nearest neighbor method. It provides a scientific approach for selecting cutting parameters in actual production.
Design and Realization of Checking System for Subgrade Settlement of Chengdu-Guanxian Line
Authors: Su Qian , Jiang Wei , Li Yu Jie
Published: June 2013

This paper establishes checking system for subgrade settlement of high-speed railway aiming at technical requirements of analysis and evaluation for subgrade settlement of Chengdu-Guanxian line during operation period. The system starts from design theory of subgrade settlement checking software in the high-speed railway, and elaborates the concept of vertical curve radius in order to determine the value of the security checking indicators. It combines a variety of functions, such as the data management of settlement observation, settlement analysis and prediction, data reports automatically generated.at the same time, the system is full-featured, friendly interface and easy extension. Engineering practice shows that the system has a good applicability and stability for the settlement deformation assessment. It provides a platform for information management and scientific decision-making of settlement assessment.