bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gut Microbiome in Psoriasis: An Updated Review
Authors: Sikora Mariusz , Stec Albert , Chrabaszcz Magdalena , Knot Aleksandra , Waskiel-Burnat Anna , Rakowska Adriana , Olszewska Malgorzata , Rudnicka Lidia
Published: June 2020

(1) Background: A growing body of evidence highlights that intestinal dysbiosis is associated with the development of psoriasis. The gut–skin axis is the novel concept of the interaction between skin diseases and microbiome through inflammatory mediators, metabolites and the intestinal barrier. The objective of this study was to synthesize current data on the gut microbial composition in psoriasis. (2) Methods: We conducted a systematic review of studies investigating intestinal microbiome in psoriasis, using the PRISMA checklist. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases for relevant published articles (2000–2020). (3) Results: All of the 10 retrieved studies reported alterations in the gut microbiome in patients with psoriasis. Eight studies assessed alpha- and beta-diversity. Four of them reported a lack of change in alpha-diversity, but all confirmed significant changes in beta-diversity. At the phylum-level, at least two or more studies reported a lower relative abundance of Bacteroidetes, and higher Firmicutes in psoriasis patients versus healthy controls. (4) Conclusions: There is a significant association between alterations in gut microbial composition and psoriasis; however, there is high heterogeneity between studies. More unified methodological standards in large-scale studies are needed to understand microbiota’s contribution to psoriasis pathogenesis and its modulation as a potential therapeutic strategy.
Transcriptomic Analysis of the Early Strobilar Development of Echinococcus granulosus
Authors: Debarba João Antonio , Sehabiague Martín Pablo Cancela , Monteiro Karina Mariante , Gerber Alexandra Lehmkuhl , Vasconcelos Ana Tereza Ribeiro , Ferreira Henrique Bunselmeyer , Zaha Arnaldo
Published: June 2020

Echinococcus granulosus has a complex life cycle involving two mammalian hosts. The transition from one host to another is accompanied by changes in gene expression, and the transcriptional events that underlie this transition have not yet been fully characterized. In this study, RNA-seq was used to compare the transcription profiles of samples from E. granulosus protoscoleces induced in vitro to strobilar development at three time points. We identified 818 differentially expressed genes, which were divided into eight expression clusters formed over the entire 24 h period. An enrichment of gene transcripts with molecular functions of signal transduction, enzymes, and protein modifications was observed upon induction and developmental progression. This transcriptomic study provides insights for understanding the complex life cycle of E. granulosus and contributes for searching for the key genes correlating with the strobilar development, which can be used to identify potential candidates for the development of anthelmintic drugs.
Impact of Nasal Swabs on Empiric Treatment of Respiratory Tract Infections (INSERT-RTI)
Authors: Huffman Vanessa , Andrade Diana Carolina , Ham Jared , Brown Kyle , Melnitsky Leonid , Lopez Cohen Alejandro , Parmar Jayesh
Published: June 2020

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) polymerase-chain-reaction nasal swabs (PCRNS) are a rapid diagnostic tool with a high negative predictive value. A PCRNS plus education “bundle” was implemented to inform clinicians on the utility of PCRNS for anti-MRSA therapy de-escalation in respiratory tract infections (RTI). The study included patients started on vancomycin with a PCRNS order three months before and after bundle implementation. The primary objective was the difference in duration of anti-MRSA therapy (DOT) for RTI. Secondary objectives included hospital length of stay (LOS), anti-MRSA therapy reinitiation, 30-day readmission, in-hospital mortality, and cost. We analyzed 62 of 110 patients screened, 20 in the preintervention and 42 in the postintervention arms. Mean DOT decreased after bundle implementation by 30.3 h (p = 0.039); mean DOT for patients with a negative PCRNS decreased by 39.7 h (p = 0.014). Median cost was lower after intervention [USD$51.69 versus USD$75.30 (p < 0.01)]. No significant difference in LOS, mortality, or readmission existed. The bundle implementation decreased vancomycin therapy and cost without negatively impacting patient outcomes.
Differentiation of Heterogeneous Mouse Liver from HCC by Hyperpolarized 13C Magnetic Resonance
Authors: Lev-Cohain Naama , Sapir Gal , Uppala Sivaranjan , Nardi-Schreiber Atara , Goldberg Shraga Nahum , Adler-Levy Yael , Sosna Jacob , Gomori J. Moshe , Katz-Brull Rachel
Published: June 2020

The clinical characterization of small hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) lesions in the liver and differentiation from heterogeneous inflammatory or fibrotic background is important for early detection and treatment. Metabolic monitoring of hyperpolarized 13C-labeled substrates has been suggested as a new avenue for diagnostic magnetic resonance. The metabolism of hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate was monitored in mouse precision-cut liver slices (PCLS) of aged MDR2-KO mice, which served as a model for heterogeneous liver and HCC that develops similarly to the human disease. The relative in-cell activities of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) to alanine transaminase (ALT) were found to be 0.40 ± 0.06 (n = 3) in healthy livers (from healthy mice), 0.90 ± 0.27 (n = 3) in heterogeneously inflamed liver, and 1.84 ± 0.46 (n = 3) in HCC. Thus, the in-cell LDH/ALT activities ratio was found to correlate with the progression of the disease. The results suggest that the LDH/ALT activities ratio may be useful in the assessment of liver disease. Because the technology used here is translational to both small liver samples that may be obtained from image-guided biopsy (i.e., ex vivo investigation) and to the intact liver (i.e., in a non-invasive MRI scan), these results may provide a path for differentiating heterogeneous liver from HCC in human subjects.
Lasers for Satellite Uplinks and Downlinks
Authors: Dmytryszyn Mark , Crook Matthew , Sands Timothy
Published: June 2020

The use of Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation (i.e., LASERs or lasers) by the U.S. Department of Defense is not new and includes laser weapons guidance, laser-aided measurements, even lasers as weapons (e.g., Airborne Laser). Lasers in support of telecommunications is also not new. The use of laser light in fiber optics shattered thoughts on communications bandwidth and throughput. Even the use of lasers in space is no longer new. Lasers are being used for satellite-to-satellite crosslinking. Laser communication can transmit orders-of-magnitude more data using orders-of-magnitude less power and can do so with minimal risk of exposure to the sending and receiving terminals. What is new is using lasers as the uplink and downlink between the terrestrial segment and the space segment of satellite systems. More so, the use of lasers to transmit and receive data between moving terrestrial segments (e.g., ships at sea, airplanes in flight) and geosynchronous satellites is burgeoning. This manuscript examines the technological maturation of employing lasers as the signal carrier for satellite communications linking terrestrial and space systems. The purpose of the manuscript is to develop key performance parameters (KPPs) to inform U.S. Department of Defense initial capabilities documents (ICDs) for near-future satellite acquisition and development. By appreciating the history and technological challenges of employing lasers rather than traditional radio frequency sources for satellite uplink and downlink signal carrier, this manuscript recommends ways for the U.S. Department of Defense to employ lasers to transmit and receive high bandwidth, large-throughput data from moving platforms that need to retain low probabilities of detection, intercept, and exploitation (e.g., carrier battle group transiting to a hostile area of operations, unmanned aerial vehicle collecting over adversary areas). The manuscript also intends to identify commercial sector early-adopter fields and those fields likely to adapt to laser employment for transmission and receipt.
Antimalarial Drugs in Ghana: A Case Study on Personal Preferences
Authors: Yeboah Prince , Forkuo Arnold Donkor , Amponsah Obed Kwabena Offe , Adomako Nana Ofori , Abdin Ahmad Yaman , Nasim Muhammad Jawad , Werner Pitsch , Panyin Anto Berko , Emrich Eike , Jacob Claus
Published: June 2020

Malaria is a serious infection affecting millions of people in Africa. Our study investigated the personal preferences and applications of antimalarial medicines in Ghana. Based on over 1000 questionnaires distributed in Ghana from January to May 2019, we noticed that although Western medications to fight this disease are widely available, most patients in Ghana prefer treatment with locally produced herbal remedies. This preference appears to be due to a combination of traditional venues for obtaining medicines “on the street” rather than in licensed pharmacies, trust in local and “green” products, extensive advertisement of such local products, and an inherent distrust of imported and synthetic or unnatural medicines. Going local and natural is a trend also observed in other countries across the globe, and adds to the acceptance or rejection of drugs regardless of their activity or toxicity. In fact, adverse side effects associated with herbal remedies, such as general weakness and swollen, sore mouth, do not seem to deter the respondents of this study in Ghana. We propose a combination of (a) increasing public awareness of the benefits of modern medicine and (b) an improvement and control of the quality of herbal remedies to raise the standard of malaria treatment in countries such as Ghana.
Procedural Environmental Injustice in ‘Europe’s Greenest City’: A Case Study into the Felling of Sheffield’s Street Trees
Authors: Heydon James
Published: June 2020

With around two million trees within its boundaries, the city of Sheffield, England, is known as the ‘greenest city in Europe’. Of these, 36,000 are ‘street trees’, defined as those planted on pavements and other public rights of way. As of 2012, however, a private contractor was awarded a £2.2 billion contract by Sheffield City Council to upgrade the city’s roads over a 25-year period. This required the felling of over 6000 street trees by the end of August 2017. By 2015, this had sparked such widespread public opposition that the felling programme missed its 2017 deadline. For protesters, the central point of contention was and continues to be the seemingly indiscriminate felling of healthy trees. This article examines the specific forms of harm precipitating local public involvement in such opposition. In doing so, it explains the substantive injustices associated with the felling of street trees before focusing on the underpinning forms of procedural environmental injustice that have allowed for their ongoing production. This contributes to wider green criminological literature by demonstrating how public participation in decision-making is crucial for the attainment of environmental justice.
Year-Round Influenza a Virus Surveillance in Mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) Reveals Genetic Persistence During the Under-Sampled Spring Season
Authors: Lauterbach Sarah E. , McBride Dillon S. , Shirkey Brendan T. , Nolting Jacqueline M. , Bowman Andrew S.
Published: June 2020

Active influenza A virus (IAV) surveillance in wild waterfowl in the United States has revolved around convenience-based sampling methods, resulting in gaps in surveillance during the spring season. We conducted active IAV surveillance in mallards continuously from July 2017 to July 2019 in the coastal marshes of Lake Erie near Port Clinton, Ohio. We aimed to understand ecological and evolutionary dynamics of IAV across multiple seasons, including the under-sampled spring season. We collected 2096 cloacal swabs and estimated a 6.1% (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.050–0.071) prevalence during the study period. Prevalence was lowest during spring (1.0%, 95% CI: 0.004–0.015). Time-stamped phylogenetic analyses revealed local persistence of genetic lineages of multiple gene segments. The PA segment consists of a lineage detected in multiple seasons with a time to most recent common ancestor of 2.48 years (95% highest posterior density: 2.16–2.74). Analysis of the H3 and H6 segments showed close relation between IAVs detected in spring and the following autumn migration. Though the mechanisms behind viral persistence in a single location are not well understood, we provide evidence that viruses can persist across several seasons. Current surveillance methods should be evaluated to ensure they are capturing the breadth of genetic diversity of IAV in waterfowl and prepare for IAV outbreaks in both animals and humans.
Mannose-Modified Chitosan-Nanoparticle-Based Salmonella Subunit OralVaccine-Induced Immune Response and Efficacy in a Challenge Trial in Broilers
Authors: Han Yi , Renu Sankar , Patil Veerupaxagouda , Schrock Jennifer , Feliciano-Ruiz Ninoshkaly , Selvaraj Ramesh , Renukaradhya Gourapura J.
Published: June 2020

Controlling Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (SE) infection in broilers is a huge challenge. In this study, our objective was to improve the efficacy of a chitosan nanoparticle (CS)-based Salmonella subunit vaccine for SE, containing immunogenic outer membrane proteins (OMP) and flagellin (FLA), called the CS(OMP+FLA) vaccine, by surface conjugating it with mannose to target dendritic cells, and comparing the immune responses and efficacy with a commercial live Salmonella vaccine in broilers. The CS(OMP+FLA)-based vaccines were administered orally at age 3 days and as a booster dose after three weeks, and the broilers were challenged with SE at 5 weeks of age. Birds were sacrificed 10 days post-challenge and it was observed that CS(OMP+FLA) vaccine surface conjugated with both mannose and FLA produced the greatest SE reduction, by over 1 log10 colony forming unit per gram of the cecal content, which was comparable to a commercial live vaccine. Immunologically, specific mucosal antibody responses were enhanced by FLA-surface-coated CS(OMP+FLA) vaccine, and mannose-bound CS(OMP+FLA) improved the cellular immune response. In addition, increased mRNA expression of Toll-like receptors and cytokine was observed in CS(OMP+FLA)-based-vaccinated birds. The commercial live vaccine failed to induce any such substantial immune response, except that they had a slightly improved T helper cell frequency. Our data suggest that FLA-coated and mannose-modified CS(OMP+FLA) vaccine induced robust innate and adaptive cell-mediated immune responses and substantially reduced the Salmonella load in the intestines of broilers.
Antigen-Specific IFN-γ/IL-17-Co-Producing CD4+ T-Cells are the Determinants for Protective Efficacy of Tuberculosis Subunit Vaccine
Authors: Choi Han-Gyu , Kwon Kee Woong , Choi Seunga , Back Yong Woo , Park Hye-Soo , Kang Soon Myung , Choi Eunsol , Shin Sung Jae , Kim Hwa-Jung
Published: June 2020

The antigen-specific Th17 responses in the lungs for improved immunity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection are incompletely understood. Tuberculosis (TB) vaccine candidate HSP90-ESAT-6 (E6), given as a Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG)-prime boost regimen, confers superior long-term protection against the hypervirulent Mtb HN878 infection, compared to BCG or BCG-E6. Taking advantage of protective efficacy lead-out, we found that ESAT-6-specific multifunctional CD4+IFN-γ+IL-17+ T-cells optimally correlated with protection level against Mtb infection both pre-and post-challenge. Macrophages treated with the supernatant of re-stimulated lung cells from HSP90-E6-immunised mice significantly restricted Mtb growth, and this phenomenon was abrogated by neutralising anti-IFN-γ and/or anti-IL-17 antibodies. We identified a previously unrecognised role for IFN-γ/IL-17 synergism in linking anti-mycobacterial phagosomal activity to enhance host control against Mtb infection. The implications of our findings highlight the fundamental rationale for why and how Th17 responses are essential in the control of Mtb, and for the development of novel anti-TB subunit vaccines.
Coverage and Timeliness of Birth Dose Vaccination in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Bassoum Oumar , Kimura Moe , Tal Dia Anta , Lemoine Maud , Shimakawa Yusuke
Published: June 2020

Background: Depending on the epidemiological context of each country, three vaccines are recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) to be administered as soon as possible after birth (birth vaccines); namely, BCG, zero dose of oral polio vaccine (OPV0), and birth dose of hepatitis B vaccine (HepB-BD). The timely administration of these vaccines immediately after birth might pose significant challenges in sub-Saharan Africa, where about half of childbirths occur outside health facilities. We therefore conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate the coverage rate of these vaccines at a specific timing in neonates in sub-Saharan Africa. Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, and Web of Science for studies conducted in sub-Saharan Africa and published up to March 31, 2017, which provided a coverage rate of the birth vaccines at any specific time points within 28 days after birth. Two investigators independently screened the titles and abstracts and extracted data from the eligible full-text articles. This study was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42017071269). Results: Of 7283 articles identified, we finally included 31 studies with 204,111 infants in the meta-analysis. The pooled coverage rates at day 0–1 after birth were 14.2% (95% CI: 10.1–18.9) for BCG and 1.3% (0.0–4.5) for HepB-BD. No data were available for OPV0 at day 0–1. The coverage at day 28 was 71.7% (63.7–79.2) for BCG, 60.8% (45.8–74.7) for HepB-BD, and 76.1% (67.1–84.0) for OPV0. No significant difference in the vaccine coverage was observed between infants born in healthcare facilities and those born outside facilities. Conclusions: The rates of vaccine coverage immediately after birth were very low for BCG and HepB-BD, and no data for OPV0. We need additional data to better define barriers and facilitators for the timely administration of the birth vaccines in sub-Saharan Africa, since the delay in its provision may increase the burden of these vaccine-preventable diseases.
Characterization of Pasteurella multocida isolates recovered from the oral flora of cats
Authors: TINMAZ Tuğçe , ÇELİK Baran , HALAÇ Barış , BAĞCIGİL Arzu Funda
Published: June 2020

In this study, it was aimed to investigate the presence of Pasteurella multocida in the swab samples taken from the oral cavity of cats, and to determine the capsular type and antimicrobial susceptibility of the isolates. For this purpose, swab samples taken from 300 cats were inoculated onto Knight's selective enriched medium and blood agar for isolation of P. multocida. Followingafter capsular typing of the isolates by PCR, the susceptibilities of the isolates to ceftiofur, clindamycin, erythromycin, enrofloxacin, amoxicillin+clavulanic acid, trimethoprim/ sulfamethoxazole, tetracycline, and chloramphenicol were examined by the disk diffusion method. The relationships between oral colonization and various physiological and behavioral variables were evaluated, statistically. P. multocida was isolated from 48 (16%) of the samples and all strains were typed as capsular type A. While all of the isolates were resistant to clindamycin and susceptible to enrofloxacin, 8,33% tetracycline resistance was also remarkable. Multiple antibiotic resistance (MDR) was detected in 27% of the isolates. The colonization of P. multocida was found to be statistically significant in cats under the age of 1 and in cats living outdoors. The importance of antibiotic resistance observed in bacteria with a zoonotic character such as P. multocida should not be ignored since it poses a threat to public health. It was concluded that, in this study determination of tetracycline resistance, which has started to be reported in feline Pasterurella multocida isolates in recent years, and detection of multiple antibiotic resistance in 27% of isolates, was extremely important for public health.
SEJARAH SINGKAT PERKEMBANGAN TAFSIR AL-QUR’AN
Authors: Muhibudin Muhibudin
Published: June 2020

Tafsir adalah ilmu untuk memahami Kitab Allah yang diturunkan kepada Rasul Allah SAW, penjelasan mengenai makna-makna Kitab Allah, serta mengesensikan hukum-hakam dan hikmah-hikmahnya. Artikel ini membahas tafsir sebagai sebuah proses penjelasan yang dilakukan oleh penafsir dalam hubungannya yang langsung dengan ayat-ayat al-Qur’an, sehingga terjadilah penyingkapan makna-makna al-Qur’an dan penjelasan maksudnya; sejarah tafsir yang membahas tentang pergerakan tafsir dan kehidupan para mufassir; beserta sumbangannya (tabaqat al-mufassirin); dan metode-metode para mufassir untuk mengetahui pendapat pemikiran yang menjadi kecenderungan dan fahaman mereka yang beragam yang mempengaruhi karakteristik tafsir mereka.

Interpretation is the science of understanding the Book of Allah revealed to the Messenger of Allah, the explanation of the meanings of the Book of God, as well as legal sanctions and its other subject discussions. This article discusses interpretation as an explanation process carried out by the interpreter in direct connection with the verses of the Qur'an, so there was the unfolding of the meanings of the Qur'an and the explanation of its purpose; a history of commentaries that discusses the movements of the interpreters and the lives of the commentators; along with their donations (tabaqat al-mufassiriin); and the methods of the commentators to know their method of thought, their tendency and various understanding that affect their characteristics comments.
PSIKOLOGI ISLAM BAROMETER TERINTEGRASINYA ILMU DAN IMAN
Authors: Hadi Abdul
Published: June 2020

Tujuan utama dalam makalah ini untuk mendiskripsikan konsep Islam  mengenai  krakteristik manusia yang diyakini sebagai komponen penting dalam pendidikan dan filosofi pendidikan, dan bahkan hal itu menjadi sumber pokok melalui proses pendidikan untuk mencapai tujuan yang diharapkan, semua filosofi pendidikan yang implementatif tidak  dapat dikonseptualisasikan tanpa diawali dengan konsep yang jelas mengenai dimensi manusia utamanya menyangkut krakter dan tabiat penting lainya.Pendidikan Islam meskipun telah berkembang dengan cepat, namun dalam faktanya disadari atau tidak masih berkiblat pada psikologi Barat dalam menyoal sifat maupun prilaku manusia, dimana pandangan mereka banyak memiliki perbedaan dengan pandangan psikologi Islm. Dengan demikian Institusi pendidikan di Negara-negara Islam pada umumnya. baru saja menghasilkan generasi dengan identitas Islam namun pemikiran dan sikapnya masih cendrung mengadopsi Barat. Dengan cara menerapkan konsep Islam mengenai sifat manusia dalam pendidikan, diharapkan orang tua, guru, masyarakat, pemerintah dapat menyadari dan  mengaktualisasikan sabda nabi: “Bahwa setiap anak dilahirkan dalam sifat primordial kerohanian Tuhan, namun lingkungan pendidikan yang membuatnya menjadi Yahudi, kristiani, dan Majusi.

The main aim of this article to explan the concept of human nature which was regarded as an essential part of education and the philosophy of education, it also being the main source to achieve the positive out come through the proses of education, no effective philosophy of education can be conceptualized without clear concept of human nature.Islamic education even though has grow up speedly,but unwittingly still base on Western psychology that huge different of Islmic psychology in human nature approach. So Educational institution in Islamic countries just produced Islamic generation of identity with westen’s  minded and attitude. By applying Islamic concept on human nature in education, parents, teachers, society, government are made to understand that child has born in primordial nature that has God conciusnes, and the educational environment that create them being Judism, Christian,and Magian.
KONSEP DAN PRAKTEK KESEHATAN BERBASIS AJARAN ISLAM
Authors: Hadi Abdul
Published: June 2020

Quran’s Position Health is a state of complete physical, mental, spiritual and social wellbeing, which must be safeguarded not only through the maintenance of a health preserving regime at the personal/individual level, but also through the establishment of a health-protective and promoting family system and a health-protective and promoting social system.In the light of Quranic verses, present Islamic principles of health and healing. Quran’s injunctions regarding Health: Fundamental Duties and Fundamental Prohibitions Islam’s strategy for health and healing Prevention 1. Primary . Tahara . Nutrition .Exercise.   2- Secondary Treatment of Diseases Mental Health, spiritual Health Therapeutic Sociology . In Islam, health is not a separate entity but one of the essential constituents of peace, which comprise peace at the individual, family and social level. There are three tiers of society: individual, family and society. All three have equal importance and none can be sacrificed through the sword of the other. Health therefore too has to involve all the three.

Alquran memandang kesehatan adalah suatu kondisi sehat secara menyeluruh, baik secara fisik, mental, spiritual, dan sosial. Hal tersebut harus terjaga tidak hanya dengan menjaga masalah kesehatan secara individu, tapi juga perlu  menjaga sistem menjaga kesehatan keluarga dan menjaga sistem kesehatan masyarakat.Dalam isyarat ayat-ayat Alquran mengetengahkan prinsip-prinsip menjaga kesehatan dan penyembuhan, prinsip ini terkait dengan perintah dan larangan yang harus dipatuhi agar kesehatan tetap terjaga. Pertama terkait dengan masalah kebersihan, nutrisi, dan olah raga. Kedua terkait  dengan diagnosa terhadap masalah ganguan mental, spiritual, dan terapi sosial.Dalam Islam, kesehatan bukanlah entitas yang terpisah tetapi salah satu unsur penting dalam mewujudkan kedamaian, Kesehatan individu, keluarga dan sosial sangat terkait satu sama lain, dan ketiganya harus diperlakukan dengan adil dan berkesinambungan. Tidak dibenarkan mengorbankan salah satu komponen untuk kepentingan komponen lainya, ketiganya memiliki kepentingan sama dan harus diperlakukan sesuai dengan prinsip kebutuhan dan urgensinya.
Women Leadership in Indian Organizations
Authors: Kaushik Dr. Meenakshi
Published: June 2020

In today’s global economy, industries require a talented pool of candidates to create a comparative competitive advantage to address the global opportunities as well as to address these global trends and dynamic challenges factual and cognitive leadership is required to manage changes effectively. The nurturing and task-oriented style, managerial practices, organizational orientation, especially followed by women entrepreneurs/ leaders/ managers has carved a niche for women leadership in national as well as international platforms. The current financial crisis and long-term global trends are reshaping the corporate landscape, and there is an urgent need to accelerate some of the changes in corporations to seize the new opportunities that arise from time to time. This conceptual research paper analyzes that though the ages, how women have experienced the disadvantages of existing in a patriarchal framework designating them in a homemaker role and how women in business now, have broken that mold across the world and created new stories for themselves.
Adenoids with Glue Ear: Incidence, Management and Outcome
Authors: AHM Delwar
Published: June 2020

Background: In the 17th and 18th centuries, Santorini and Wilhem Mayer described the adenoids. Enlarged adenoid or adenoids is a common disorder in children, not only compromise the natural pathway of breathing, but it also obstructs the nasopharyngeal opening of Eustachian tubes. As a result, retention of fluid in the middle ear cavity and the development of glue ear or otitis media with effusion (OME). If it happens, the children present with hearing loss, delayed speech and language, poor social behavior, and may with difficulties of balance.
Methods: It is a cohort retrospective study of 251 cases in the Department of Otolaryngology and Head-Neck Surgery, Cumilla Medical College, and Cumilla Medical Centre, Bangladesh, from 01 July 2016 to 31 June 2019.
Results: Incidence of adenoids with glue ear, out of total ENT routine operations was 3.54%, and adenoidectomy-tonsillectomy operations were 29.05%. Of them, the male was 102(40.64%), the female was 149(59.36%), 3-5 years were 83(33.07%), 6-10 years 107(42.63%), and 11-15 years 61(24.30%).
Kemampuan Firm Size dan Laverage Terhadap Bond Rating pada Perusahaan yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia
Authors: Fachreza Fabianca , Norisanti Nor , Samsudin Acep
Published: June 2020

This study aims to examine the effect of Firm Size and Leverage on Bond Ratings in banking subsector companies in the Indonesia Stock Exchange period 2018. The sample in this study was obtained using purposive sampling method which is included in the non-probability sampling technique. The sample in this study consisted of banking subsector companies listed on the IDX in 2018 and rated by PT PEFINDO with a total of 22 banking companies. The method used in this research is descriptive with quantitative and associative approaches. The data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression analysis with an R Square value of 0.030 which can be interpreted as the effect of firm size and leverage on a bond rating of 3% and the remaining 97% is influenced by other factors not examined in this study. F Test results show a value of Fcount 0.295 <3.49 Ftable which means there is no effect on firm size and leverage on the bond rating. From the test results partially firm size variables have a positive effect and leverage has a negative effect on the bond rating.
Weeks after the Raid: The Immediate and Sustained Changes in Student Attendance Rates Following Immigration Arrests
Authors: Kirksey J. Jacob
Published: June 2020

Recent research has shown the ways in which immigration enforcement actions can affect educational outcomes for all students, regardless of their immigrant status. One consequence of particular concern is student absenteeism, a non-academic indicator used by 37 states to evaluate school success under the Every Student Succeeds Act. However, previous research has faced data limitations on the measure of immigration enforcement and relies on aggregated measures of educational outcomes. Using weekly attendance rates of a school district as well as unique data collection on immigration arrests between 2014-18, this study used single and comparative interrupted time series analyses to quantify the immediate and sustained impacts of immigration arrests on student attendance. Findings suggest that incidents involving a greater number of immigration arrests correspond to immediate spikes in student absenteeism, as high as 11% points for certain student demographics. Additionally, the district’s attendance rate sustained a cumulative 2%-point decline following two incidents involving the greatest number of arrests. Implications for policymakers and educators are discussed.
TINJAUAN HUKUM ISLAM TERHADAP PENGGUNAAN HARTA PRA PEMBAGIAN WARISAN
Authors: Wahyuni Mihfa , Zubair Asni
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis research discussed about the heir that used the inheritance before it was distributed. The thing achieved in this research is to find out the cause and impact of the heirs in the Walenreng Village used the inheritance before it was distributed. It also to know the view of Islamic law toward using inheritance before it was distributed. The usefulness of this research expected to give participations and contributions to the development of science in general and Islamic sciencein particular. This research was a qualitative research that used the method sociological approach, theologically normative and normative juridical.The result of this research indicated that some of the heirs in Walenreng Village used the inheritance before it was distributed and the cause was that there was no distribution after the deceased passed away, there was the heir who expected each other to do inheritance distribution, there was the heir who prior pawned the inheritance, and therewas the heir who did not have property. The impact of using inheritance before distribution were that there was no harmonization in the heirs, there was conflict between the heirs, there was the feeling that not considered as family. The view of Islamic law of using inheritance before it was distributed was no allowed because it could make conflict and contrary with hereditary rulesof Islamic law.Keywords: Inheritance; Islamic law; Use Of Inheritance.
TINJAUAN HUKUM TERHADAP PERKAWINAN BEDA AGAMA YANG DILAKSANAKAN DI LUAR INDONESIA
Authors: M.H Supriadi
Published: June 2020

ABSTRAKThe law number 1 in 1974 about marriage does not allow the existence of interfaith marriage because the system which is allowed in this law is the marriage that is based on law of religion, as stated in section 2 verse 1 "marriage is legal, if it is done based on each religious law and faith." Section 56 verse 1 "the marriage which is held outside of Indonesia among two Indonesians or an Indonesian with foreigner is legal when it is conducted in line with the applicable law in the country where the marriage takes place and the Indonesians do not break the regulation of this law." Meanwhile, interfaith marriage which is executed outside of Indonesia is incompatible with section 2 verse 1, that is why interfaith marriage is not allowed based on either normative law in islamic perspective or in indonesia.Keywords: Interfaith Marriage; Normative Law; Islamic Law. ABSTRAKUndang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 tentang Perkawinan tidak mengenal adanya perkawinan pasangan beda agama. Karena perkawinan yang diakui dalam undang-undang ini adalah perkawinan berdasarkan hukum agama, sebagaimana yang dimuat dalam Pasal 2 ayat (1) “Perkawinan adalah sah, apabila dilakukan menurut hukum masing-masing agamanya dan kepercayaannya itu.” Pasal 56 ayat (1) “Perkawinan yang dilangsungkan di luar Indonesia antara dua orang warga negara Indonesia atau seorang warganegara Indonesia dengan warga negara Asing adalah sah bilamana dilakukan menurut hukum yang berlaku di negara di mana perkawinan itu dilangsungkan dan bagi warganegara Indonesia tidak melanggar ketentuan-ketentuan Undang-undang ini.” sementara Perkawinan beda agama yang dilaksanakan di luar Indonesia bertentangan Pasal 2 ayat (1) sehingga perkawinan beda agama tersebut tidak diakui menurut hukum Islam serta tidak diakui pula menurut hukum normatif yang berlaku di Indonesia.Kata kunci : Perkawinan Beda Agama; Hukum Normatif; Hukum Islam
From the Editors
Authors: Burkiewicz Łukasz
Published: June 2020

Issue 26 (3/2019) of the journal Perspectives on Culture discussed the role of the Bible in culture. Owing to the importance of this topic in cultural studies, we are revisiting this context, but with reference to biblical motifs in contemporary Ukrainian literature. It cannot be denied that over the past dozen or so years, Ukrainian subject matter in Poland has been under­going a revival, especially if we look at it through the prism of the eco­nomic situation (Ukrainians’ migration to Poland). Research on Ukrai­nian literature is also a tradition in Poland, and Polish Ukrainian studies achieve success in both linguistics and literary studies. In order to continue the scholarship on the role of the Bible in culture, we undertook the task of exploring this problem in relation to Ukrainian literature and culture.
Emptiness Effect, or What Lost Symbols Say (on the Basis of the Drama Seven Steps to Golgotha by Oleg Goncharov)
Authors: Pavlinchuk Tetiana
Published: June 2020

Bible themes and story lines have always been of interest in Ukrainian lit­erature. In recent decades, creative rethinking of biblical codes and symbols has taken place, especially in themes connected with questions of faith, truth, prophecy, sacrifice, kindness, malice, etc. The contemporary Ukrainian writer Oleh Goncharov gives coverage to this issue in his drama Seven Steps to Gol­gotha. This article deals with the problem of a biblical symbol, experiencing alienation, losing its own symbolic meaning, and creating emptiness. This emptiness, however, is only visible because a new meaning replaces it, gains another meaning, and becomes a new symbol. Phantasmagoria—the genre of the play chosen by its author—makes it possible to use various approaches and experiments, to organize the plot’s chronology, to justifying the characters’ actions, and arrange a story line, in particular.
The Reinterpretation of Biblical Images in Katrya Grynevycheva’s “On the Way to Sykhem” and Other Stories
Authors: Tkachenko Tetiana
Published: June 2020

Paper deals with the peculiarities of the small prose by Katrya Grynevycheva. It clarifies the symbolic dominants, means of character creation, and the author’s world outlook. The article identifies biblical images in her book “Po dorozi v Syxem” ta inshi opovidannya [“On the way to Sykhem” and Other Sto­ries]. The writer uses paraphrases for citation of the Biblical text. She adds new meanings and extends the semantics of religious images. The images include: Heroes, Characters, Flora and Fauna, and the Elements. Katrya Grynevy­cheva correlates such concepts as ground, terra, earth and Homeland. Thus, Ukraine is spiritual substance. The investigation reveals the main features of the author’s individual style. The book represents a variety of genres (leg­end, fairytale, parable, storytelling). The Christian intertext pervades all sto­ries. Katrya Grynevycheva builds the artistic God’s world and insists on basic truths (love, faith and peace). The paper proves the uniqueness and signifi­cance of the writer’s heritage in the development of Ukrainian literature.
Judas Iscariot’s Semiotic Image in Ukrainian Literature at the Beginning of the Twentieth Century
Authors: Khajrulina Nailia
Published: June 2020

The article under consideration is devoted to the semiotic analyses of the bib­lical apostle Judas Iscariot, one of the most contradictory religious characters. The article demonstrates the semiotic paradigm of Judas, including portrait semiotics (paleness, timidity, secrecy and slouch), gesture semiotics (abrupt movements) and symbolic semiotics (hopelessness, suicide). The research stresses the aspect of venality. It is proved that Judas Iscariot became the arche­type of venality not only in literature, but in art generally. The article’s sum­mary will be used for students learning literary criticism and philologists.
Stabilitasi Fasa Kalsium Pirofospat Pada Temperatur Tinggi Dengan Penambahan Zirkonia
Authors: Huda Ihsanul , Kusumaningrum Retno , Sukmarani Galuh , Noviyanto Alfian
Published: June 2020

Kalsium Pirofospat adalah biomaterial yang sangat baik untuk digunakan sebagai pengganti tulang atau gigi yang rusak ataupun retak.  Kalsium Pirofospat bersifat biokompatibel, bioaktif dan memiliki komposisi kimia yang mendekati komposisi pada tulang dan gigi manusia. Namun biomaterial ini memiliki kekurangan yaitu sifat mekanisnya yang rendah apabila digunakan untuk menerima beban yang berat. Peningkatan sifat mekanik kalsium pirofospat dapat dilakukan dengan menambahkan material zirkon. Oleh karena itu, pada penelitian ini dilakukan kajian perubahan fasa kalsium pirofospat dengan penambahan zirkon pada temperatur tinggi. Komposisi zirkonia yang ditambahkan sebesar 5% dan 10% (w/w). Pencampuran kalsium pirofosfat dilakukan menggunakan High Energy Milling (HEM) dengan Ball Powder Ratio (BPR) sebesar 5:1 selama 30 menit. Campuran selanjutnya dipanaskan pada temperatur 1000 selama 60 menit. Hasil karakterisasi menggunakan XRD menunjukan bahwa perlakuan pemanasan dapat mendekomposisi kalsium pirofosfat dan terbentuknya CaZrO3. Pemanasan juga menyebabkan ukuran partikel semakin besar. Hasil SEM menunjukkan ukuran mikrostruktur CPP TA yang semula 590±43nm menjadi CPP TAZ5 1,212±268µm dan CPP TAZ10 1,324±384µm. Sedangkan untuk CPP TB yang semula 455±32nm menjadi CPP TBZ5 1,112±546µm dan CPP TBZ10 1,123±392µm.

 

Kata kunci: Kalsium Pirofospat, Zirkonia, High Energy Milling
IMPACT OF CURRENT ACCOUNT ON JORDANIAN PUBLIC BUDGET DEFICIT FOR THE PERIOD (1992-2016)
Authors: Dr. Mazen Hasan Basha
Published: June 2020

This study aims to measure the impact of current account (CA) on Jordanian public budget deficit (BD) for the period (1992-2016) . The econometrics model was built for purpose of measuring and analyzing the impact of current account on Jordanian public budget deficit. Before estimating the parameters of the econometrics model was used some tests to verify its validity, for example: Test Augment Dickey-Fuller (ADF) to verify that the unit root test problem for stationary of the time series, and use Johansen methodology to test the co-integration, and use the Granger causality Test, and the Vector Auto Regressive (VAR) was used to analyze the study data. The causality test showed that the causal relationship between the two variables is bi-directional, where the direction of the relationship of current account (CA) towards Jordanian public budget deficit (BD) and conversely. The study found that there exist a statistically significant impact for current account (CA) on Jordanian public budget deficit (BD) at the significance level (α = 0.05), and this result is considered compatible with the Jordanian economy.
The study recommends that Jordan need to follow policy in order to improve the payments balance, such as increasing the Jordan's exports of goods or reducing the imports of luxury goods.
KEYWORDS: Current account, Public budget deficit, Government spending, Trade balance, Sustainable fiscal policy.
Maintaining Social Licence for Government Use of False Social Media Personas
Authors: Cleaver Olivia , Nicklin Germana
Published: June 2020

Governmental collection of unprotected information from social media platforms via social media intelligence (SOCMINT) techniques enable the detection and prevention of unlawful and malicious activity for law enforcement purposes. Relatively new, these techniques have come under public scrutiny. Recognised as valuable tools for security, law enforcement and regulatory agencies, how government SOCMINT policies align with public expectations is less clear. This article addresses the gap by comparing New Zealand public expectations about the use of false social media personas as a SOCMINT technique with government policies. 248 individuals were surveyed, establishing initial understandings of public expectations. Findings were compared with policies of key oversight agencies – the State Services Commission and Privacy Commission. This article argues that to maintain social licence, governments using false social media personas need to appropriately balance public protection with personal privacy interests. Transparent policy frameworks are needed to maintain trust and confidence in SOCMINT governance.
РЕГІОНАЛЬНИЙ КОМПОНЕНТ НА УРОКАХ МУЗИКИ В ШКОЛІ
Authors: Богданюк Василь
Published: June 2020

Ставлення до духовної спадщини багато в чому характеризує суспільство кожної країни. Її збереження та примноження залежить не тільки від реалізації різноманітних державних програм та фінансової підтримки, а й від того, яким чином ця спадщина буде представлена в повсякденному житті, в шкільному середовищі, в сім’ї. В цьому зв’язку роль уроків мистецтва, зокрема музики, і характер роботи вчителя є визначальними. У статті наведено спробу на основі комплексного історико-культурного аналізу представити шляхи впровадження регіонального компоненту музичної культури в шкільні уроки музики через вивчення пісенної спадщини рідного краю.Виходячи з досліджень проблем формування компетентності майбутніх вчителів музичного мистецтва, можна стверджувати, що процес їхньої професійної підготовки повинен створювати сприятливі умови для освоєння духовних та художніх цінностей задля передачі їх учням. Нові орієнтири діяльності вчителів музичного мистецтва, затверджені Державним стандартом початкової освіти, вимагають виховання у студентів музично-педагогічних закладів вищої освіти творчого підходу до національної культурної спадщини.Творчий підхід може ґрунтуватися лише на осягненні культурного доробку попередніх поколінь, оскільки культура – це скарб, що передається з минулого в майбутнє. Тому майбутнім вчителям музичного мистецтва необхідно мати чіткі уявлення щодо історико-культурних особливостей країни, й зокрема, регіону, в якому живуть вони та їхні учні.Зважаючи на поступальний характер музичної освіти в Україні, можна побачити, що інтерес до культурної спадщини завжди був їй притаманний. Але вивчення музичного мистецтва частіше ґрунтувалося на здобутках найвизначніших українських композиторів та виконавців. Використання пам’яток культури місцевого значення у навчальному процесі дозволяє підвищити його ефективність, посилює виховний потенціал у самому регіональному осередку, точніше реконструювати об’єктивну еволюцію історико-культурної зони. Все це забезпечує більшу зацікавленість учнів, гордість за свою малу батьківщину. На прикладі Буковини зроблено спробу представити можливі шляхи впровадження регіонального компоненту у вивчення музики на уроках в школі.
ТВОРЧІСТЬ І ОЦІНЮВАННЯ ЯК ЧИННИКИ СТАНОВЛЕННЯ ХУДОЖНЬО-ВИКОНАВСЬКОЇ САМОЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ ВЧИТЕЛЯ МУЗИЧНОГО МИСТЕЦТВА
Authors: Ван Ся
Published: June 2020

У статті йдеться про актуальність дослідження, яка зумовлена потребами модернізації музично-педагогічної освіти. Підкреслюється значення виконавської майстерності для продуктивного перебігу музично-виховного процесу. Художньо-виконавська самоефективність визначається як необхідна професійна якість сучасного учителя музичного мистецтва. Підкреслюється, що впевненість у власній спроможності надихнути дітей мистецтвом, вміння доцільно використати для цього власні музично-виконавські ресурси, ефективність у застосування методів і прийомів художньої взаємодії з учнями – характерні особливості професійної діяльності вчителя.Наведено авторське визначення дефініції «художньо-виконавська самоефективність учителя музичного мистецтва». Художньо-виконавська самоефективність – це особистісне динамічне утворення, яке виражає впевненість у власних виконавських можливостях, сприяє художній результативності інтерпретаційної діяльності, спроможності учителя музики донести до учнів твір мистецтва у всій повноті його естетичних переваг. Особливу увагу в статті приділено розкриттю ролі оцінювальних і творчих процесів у становленні художньо-виконавської самоефективності учителя. Самоконтроль і самооцінювання визначаються як важливі детермінанти досягнення виразності інтерпретації, а також як засоби встановлення художньо-творчого контакту між учителем-виконавцем і юними слухачами. Вагомим чинником становлення художньо-виконавської самоефективності особистості визнається також творче спрямування музично-виконавської діяльності. У статті наголошується, що інтерпретаційний процес за своєю суттю – джерело творчої енергії. Успішному виконавцю притаманна здатність до творчого самовиявлення. Отже, творчість є не тільки важливим фактором створення високохудожнього трактування музичного твору, а й необхідним стимулом формування художньо-виконавської самоефективності учителя музичного мистецтва.
Pengaruh Penambahan Bungkil Kedelai terhadap Konsumsi Pakan, Pertambahan Bobot Badan Harian, dan Konversi Pakan pada Sapi Peranakan Simmental
Authors: Rico Rico , Wati Novi Eka , Rastosari Adisti
Published: June 2020

The objective of the researh was to study the effect of additions soybean meal in ration on the feed consumption, daily weight gain and feed convertion in Simmental cattle. The experiment used eight male Simmental cattle around 2 years old with an average weight of 198,65 ± 14,57 kilograms. The cattle kept for 35 days and given rations P0 (rations ranchers) and P1 (rations plus soybean meal). Data was obtained, then analyzed using independent sample t-test assisted with SPSS version 17.00 software. The result showed that the addition of soybean meal did not affect on dry matter consumption, daily weight gain, and feed convertion but, the crude protein consumption was increased.

Keywords: dry matter consumption, daily weight gain, feed convertion