bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Psychometric properties of the Indonesian version of the nursing home survey on patient safety culture
Authors: Fauziningtyas Rista , Chan Chong Mei , Pin Tan Maw , Dhamanti Inge , Smith Graeme D.
Published: June 2023

Introduction

The development of resident safety culture in nursing homes (NH) represents a major challenge for governments and NH owners, with a requirement for suitable tools to assess safety culture. Indonesia currently lacks suitable safety cultures scales for NH.

Objectives

To evaluate the psychometric properties of the translated Indonesian version of the Nursing Home Survey on Patient Safety Culture (NHSOPSC‐INA).

Methods

This study was a cross‐sectional survey conducted using NHSOPSC‐INA. A total of 258 participants from 20 NH in Indonesia were engaged. Participants included NH managers, caregivers, administrative staff, nurses and support staff with at least junior high school education. The SPSS 23.0 was used for descriptive data analysis and internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha) estimation. The AMOS (version 22) was used to perform confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) on the questionnaire's dimensional structure.

Results

The NHSOPSC CFA test originally had 12 dimensions with 42 items and was modified to eight dimensions with 26 items in the Indonesian version. The deleted dimensions were ‘Staffing’ (4 items), ‘Compliance with procedure’ (3 items), ‘Training and skills’ (3 items), ‘non‐punitive response to mistakes’ (4 items) and ‘Organisational learning’ (2 items). The subsequent analysis revealed an accepted model with 26 NHSOPSC‐INA items (root mean square error of approximation = 0.091, comparative fit index = 0.815, Tucker‐Lewis index = 0.793, CMIN = 798.488, df = 291, CMIN/Df = 2.74, GFI = 0.782, AGFI = 0.737, p < 0.0001) and a factor loading value of 0.538–0.981. Expert feedback confirmed the relevance of the instrument items (content validity index [CVI] = 0.942).

Conclusion

The modified NHSPOSC‐INA model with eight dimensions (26 items) fits the data set in the context of Indonesian NH services.

Implications for practice

The NHSPOSC‐INA is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing staff perceptions of NH resident safety culture in Indonesia. The questionnaire can now be used to evaluate interventions for resident safety in Indonesian NH.
Prescribing patterns for paediatric hyperopia among paediatric eye care providers
Authors: Morrison Ann M. , Kulp Marjean T. , Ciner Elise B. , Mitchell G. Lynn , McDaniel Catherine E. , Hertle Richard W. , Candy T. Rowan , Roberts Tawna L. , Peterseim M. Millicent , Granet David B. , Robbins Shira L. , Srinivasan Gayathri , Allison Christine L. , Ying Gui‐Shuang , Orel‐Bixler Deborah , Block Sandra S. , Moore Bruce R.
Published: June 2023

Purpose

To survey paediatric eye care providers to identify current patterns of prescribing for hyperopia.

Methods

Paediatric eye care providers were invited, via email, to participate in a survey to evaluate current age‐based refractive error prescribing practices. Questions were designed to determine which factors may influence the survey participant's prescribing pattern (e.g., patient's age, magnitude of hyperopia, patient's symptoms, heterophoria and stereopsis) and if the providers were to prescribe, how much hyperopic correction would they prescribe (e.g., full or partial prescription). The response distributions by profession (optometry and ophthalmology) were compared using the Kolmogorov–Smirnov cumulative distribution function test.

Results

Responses were submitted by 738 participants regarding how they prescribe for their hyperopic patients. Most providers within each profession considered similar clinical factors when prescribing. The percentages of optometrists and ophthalmologists who reported considering the factor often differed significantly. Factors considered similarly by both optometrists and ophthalmologists were the presence of symptoms (98.0%, p = 0.14), presence of astigmatism and/or anisometropia (97.5%, p = 0.06) and the possibility of teasing (8.3%, p = 0.49). A wide range of prescribing was observed within each profession, with some providers reporting that they would prescribe for low levels of hyperopia while others reported that they would never prescribe. When prescribing for bilateral hyperopia in children with age‐normal visual acuity and no manifest deviation or symptoms, the threshold for prescribing decreased with age for both professions, with ophthalmologists typically prescribing 1.5–2 D less than optometrists. The threshold for prescribing also decreased for both optometrists and ophthalmologists when children had associated clinical factors (e.g., esophoria or reduced near visual function). Optometrists and ophthalmologists most commonly prescribed based on cycloplegic refraction, although optometrists most commonly prescribed based on both the manifest and cycloplegic refraction for children ≥7 years.

Conclusion

Prescribing patterns for paediatric hyperopia vary significantly among eye care providers.
Addressing extreme size mismatch in pediatric intestinal transplantation: Outcomes of intestinal length reduction
Authors: Hann Angus , Gupte Girish L. , Pathanki Adithya , Coelho Maria , Beath Sue , Hartley Jane , Kelly Deirdre , De Ville De Goyet Jean , Oo Ye H. , Hartog Hermien , Perera Thamara P. R. , Sharif Khalid , Mirza Darius F.
Published: June 2023

Background

Bench liver reduction, with or without intestinal length reduction (LR) (coupled with delayed closure and abdominal wall prostheses), has been a strategy adopted by our program for small children due to the limited availability of size‐matched donors. This report describes the short, medium, and long‐term outcomes of this graft reduction strategy.

Methods

A single‐center, retrospective analysis of children that underwent intestinal transplantation (April 1993 to December 2020) was performed. Patients were grouped according to whether they received an intestinal graft of full length (FL) or following LR.

Results

Overall, 105 intestinal transplants were performed. The LR group (n = 10) was younger (14.5 months vs. 40.0 months, p = .012) and smaller (8.7 kg vs. 13.0 kg, p = .032) compared to the FL group (n = 95). Similar abdominal closure rates were achieved after LR, without any increase in abdominal compartment syndrome (1/10 vs. 7/95, p = .806). The 90‐day graft and patient survival were similar (9/10, 90% vs. 83/95, 86%; p = .810). Medium and long‐term graft survival at 1 year (8/10, 80% vs. 65/90, 71%; p = .599), and 5 years (5/10, 50% vs. 42/84, 50%; p = 1.00) was similar.

Conclusion

LR of intestinal grafts appears to be a safe strategy for infants and small children requiring intestinal transplantation. This technique should be considered in the situation of significant size mismatch of intestine containing grafts.
Plant growth stage and Phoma medicaginis inoculum concentration together determine severity of Phoma black stem and leaf spot and consequent phytoestrogen production in annual Medicago spp.
Authors: Omidvari Mahtab , Flematti Gavin R. , You Ming Pei , Abbaszadeh‐Dahaji Payman , Barbetti Martin J.
Published: June 2023

Phoma black stem and leaf spot disease (Phoma medicaginis) not only destroys annual Medicago spp. forage and seed yield but also reduces herbage quality by consequent phytoestrogen production that reduces ovulation of grazing animals. Two controlled environment studies evaluated the effects of plant developmental stage in annual Medicago rugosa ‘Paraponto’ and M. scutellata ‘Sava’ and different inoculum concentrations of P. medicaginis in M. littoralis ‘Harbinger’ and M. polymorpha ‘Serena’ on disease development and coumestrol production. Disease incidence and severity and coumestrol production were dependent on plant developmental stage, cultivar and inoculum level (all p ≤ 0.001). Disease was least in 4‐week‐old plants; highest coumestrol was in inoculated 10‐week‐old Sava (1353 mg/kg) and least coumestrol in uninoculated 4‐week‐old Paraponto (87 mg/kg); and there was a positive correlation of disease incidence/severity factors with coumestrol across cultivars and plant growth stages (p < 0.001). Disease levels and coumestrol production were determined by inoculum concentration and cultivar (both p ≤ 0.001). Highest coumestrol was in Serena inoculated with 107 conidia/mL (265 mg/kg); lowest coumestrol was in uninoculated Harbinger (6 mg/kg); and there was a significant positive correlation of disease incidence/severity factors with coumestrol across cultivars and inoculum concentrations (p < 0.001). These studies emphasize both the opportunity for farmers to better use annual Medicago spp. stands for grazing reproducing animals early in the growing season when both disease and coumestrol levels are lowest, and the need for heightened farmer vigilance at later growth stages with greater disease and consequent phytoestrogen risk for grazing animals.
Habitat suitability models of elkhorn coral provide ecological insight to support coral reef restoration
Authors: Yuen Benedict , Stuart Courtney E. , Pittman Simon J. , Green Stephanie J. , Henderson Leslie M. , Wedding Lisa M.
Published: June 2023

Coral reefs are experiencing unprecedented levels of stress from global warming, ocean acidification, fishing, and water pollution. In the Caribbean and Western Atlantic, multiple stressors have resulted in widespread losses of the dominant reef‐building Acroporid corals, two of which are listed as threatened species under the 1973 U.S. Endangered Species Act. In response, active coral reef restoration through the outplanting of live corals has become a widespread intervention technique. To increase restoration success, active coral reef restoration requires significant investment and careful planning, and selection of suitable sites for coral outplanting is an essential early step with considerable influence on restoration outcomes. We applied a maximum entropy model to predict and map habitat suitability for the reef‐building coral species,Acropora palmata, around the island of St. Croix in the U.S. Virgin Islands. Based mostly on bathymetry and benthic habitat type, the highest performing model predicted approximately 21.75 km2of the highest probability of suitable habitat, of which over half occurred within existing marine protected areas (MPAs). Outplanted coral at 60% of sites coincided with predicted maximum habitat suitability index values greater than 0.75 and 35% with values greater than 0.90. The model reveals that all three statutory MPAs with shallow water coral reefs have a considerable area (13.24 km2) of predicted high suitability seabed with potential for activeA. palmatarestoration efforts. The predictive spatial modeling approach provides a cost‐effective tool to inform future coral restoration design and to evaluate the habitat suitability of coral outplanting sites.
The stealth legitimization of a controversial policy tool: Statistical profiling in French Public Employment Service
Authors: Delpierre Alizée , Demazière Didier , El Fatihi Hajar
Published: June 2023

Statistical profiling algorithms claiming to predict which jobseekers are at risk of becoming long‐term unemployed are spread unevenly across countries. However, the pathways and histories of these tools are understudied. Because the profiling path in France is a winding one, it is fruitful to study the production of profiling acceptability within the Public Employment Service (PES), and upstream of its reception by frontline advisers. Using a mix of interviews and written sources, we show that the production of profiling acceptability sits at the crossroads of two processes: technical and political transformations of the instrument itself and broader institutional and managerial transformations of the PES. On the basis of this case study, the paper enriches our understanding of the slow and incremental rationalization of public services that we have termed “professional rationalization.” We argue that, far from being a softened or moderated form of bureaucratic rationalization, it is powerful—perhaps even irreversible—precisely because it transforms its target (frontline advisers) before the rationalization instrument is even deployed.
Partial replacement of chemical fertilizer by manure affects maize root traits in North China Plain
Authors: Wang Junqi , Liu Zeyu , Shan Xinhe , Zhang Yunlong
Published: June 2023

In order to achieve high yields and environmental friendliness simultaneously, the replacement of chemical fertilizers by manure has become a research hotspot in recent years. Roots absorb nitrogen, participate in its assimilation and contribute to the cereal's dry matter accumulation. A 5‐year filed experiment in the North China Plain was initiated to assess the response of root morphology and distribution of summer maize (Zea mays L.) to fertilizer application and contribution to crop yield. The treatments included CK (unfertilized control), NPK (inorganic nitrogen/phosphorus/potassium fertilizer) and NPKM (manure + 70% NPK). We determined the root biomass, root diameter, root length density (RLD) of three diameters (>0.8 mm, 1stRLD; 0.2–0.8 mm, 2ndRLD; <0.2 mm, 3rdRLD) and the soil chemical properties at 60 cm with 10 cm increments. At 40–60 cm, NPKM significantly decreased the root diameter than NPK. Fertilization showed no effect on total RLD, 1stRLD, 2ndRLD and 3rdRLD for a 60‐cm soil profile. At 40–50 cm, the NPKM increased the RLD compared to NPK, mainly by increasing the 2ndRLD and 3rdRLD. Under CK and NPK, root lengths of 0–20 cm made up 62% and 57% of the total root length, respectively. Under NPKM, root lengths of 40–60 cm made up 46% of the total root length. Our results indicate that maize yield was preserved after replacing 30% of N fertilizer with manure, presumably depending on the change of root vertical distribution pattern and increase of the fine root length in deeper soil.
Effects of subconjunctival ropivacaine, liposomal bupivacaine, and mepivacaine on corneal sensitivity in healthy horses
Authors: Gonzalez Gabriel A. , Betbeze Caroline , Wills Robert , Eddy Alison , Mochal‐King Cathleen , Fontenot Robin L.
Published: June 2023

Objective

To evaluate corneal sensitivity and adverse events following subconjunctival administration of three local anesthetics in horses.

Study design

Randomized, masked, crossover study.

Animals

Twelve healthy adult mares.

Methods

The subconjunctival space of the treated eye was injected with 0.2 mL of liposomal bupivacaine (1.3%), ropivacaine (0.5%), or mepivacaine (2%). All horses received each medication once and the contralateral eye received saline (control). Corneal touch threshold (CTT) was measured using a Cochet‐Bonnet esthesiometer before sedation, after sedation, and at specified intervals until it returned to baseline. Ocular examinations were performed at 24‐, 72, and 168 h post‐injection to monitor for adverse effects.

Results

The mean total time of anesthesia (TTA) was 168.3 min for ropivacaine, 169.2 min for liposomal bupivacaine, 103.3 min for mepivacaine and 30.7 min for the control. TTA for liposomal bupivacaine (p < .001) and ropivacaine (p = .001) was longer than the control. TTA for mepivacaine was not different from the control (p = .138), liposomal bupivacaine (p = .075) or ropivacaine (p = .150). Injection site hemorrhage reduced TTA regardless of treatments (p = .047). No adverse effects attributed to injections were noted.

Conclusion

All three medications were well tolerated. Subconjunctival administration of ropivacaine and liposomal bupivacaine resulted in longer TTAs compared to the control; however, their TTAs were not different from that of mepivacaine.

Clinical significance

Subconjunctivally administered liposomal bupivacaine and ropivacaine are viable options to provide prolonged corneal analgesia in horses. Future studies are needed to assess the efficacy in diseased eyes.
Diagnosis of medial meniscal lesions in the canine stifle using multidetector computed tomographic positive‐contrast arthrography
Authors: Knudsen Lars , Østergaard Esben , Jensen Jakob J. , Miles James E. , Buelund Lene E.
Published: June 2023

Objective

To assess diagnostic value and clinical utility of multidetector computed tomographic positive contrast arthrography (CTA) for meniscal lesions in dogs.

Study design

Prospective case series.

Study population

Client‐owned dogs (n = 55) with cranial cruciate ligament injuries.

Methods

Sedated dogs underwent CTA using a 16‐slice scanner, and subsequently received mini‐medial arthrotomy for meniscal assessment. Scans were anonymized, randomized, and reviewed twice for meniscal lesions by three independent observers with varying experience. Results were compared with surgical findings. Reproducibility and repeatability were assessed with kappa statistics, intraobserver changes in diagnosis by McNemar's test, and interobserver differences using Cochran's Q test. Test performance was calculated using sensitivity, specificity, proportion correctly identified, and positive and negative predictive values and likelihood ratios.

Results

Analysis was based on 52 scans from 44 dogs. Sensitivity for identifying meniscal lesions was 0.62–1.00 and specificity was 0.70–0.96. Intraobserver agreement was 0.50–0.78, and interobserver agreement was 0.47–0.83. There was a significant change between readings one and two for the least experienced observers (p < .05). The sum of sensitivity and specificity exceeded 1.5 for both readings and all observers.

Conclusion

Diagnostic performance was suitable for identifying meniscal lesions. An effect of experience and learning was seen in this study.
High grade leiomyosarcoma of the transverse colon with positive lymph node metastasis: to treat or not to treat with adjuvant radiation therapy?
Authors: Jenkins Phillip , Joiner Michael , Kumar Andrew , Miller Steven Raymond
Published: June 2023

Intra-abdominal leiomyosarcomas (LMSs) are aggressive malignant tumours arising from smooth muscle cells. These neoplasms are extremely rare and account for 10%–20% of primary soft tissue sarcomas and approximately 0.1% of all colorectal malignancies. Intra-abdominal LMS has a very poor prognosis with an estimated 5-year survival rate between 20% and 50% and the size of the tumour being the main determinant of prognosis. Treatment is further complicated by different anatomic variants with differing clinical behaviours impacting prognosis. Newer techniques in radiation treatment such as intensity-modulated, intraoperative electron and proton beam radiotherapies allow for cases with high probability of local recurrence or likelihood of residual microscopic disease after surgical resection to be treated with precise radiation doses to the targeted tumour volume. We present a case of high grade LMS of the distal transverse colon with positive lymph node metastasis treated by surgical excision followed by adjuvant radiotherapy and discuss the current role of radiotherapy.
Euvolaemic hyponatraemia as a rare first presentation of chronic hypopituitarism
Authors: Coe Calvin , Mathew Susan Vincy , Jude Edward B
Published: June 2023

A man in his late 40s with no significant medical history presented with 2 weeks of lethargy, nausea and dizziness, alongside worsening headaches. Initial assessment revealed severe hyponatraemia and secondary hypothyroidism; urgent MRI pituitary was requested with a clinical suspicion of pituitary apoplexy. This demonstrated a likely cystic pituitary adenoma, with further testing revealing pituitary gland suppression, leading to a diagnosis of chronic secondary hypopituitarism. Initiating hormone replacement allowed substantial reported improvements in this patient’s quality of life.

A review of the patient’s work-up revealed areas in which best practice was not followed. Cortisol measurements and paired urinary and serum osmolalities were initially not sent, nor results appropriately chased. A subsequent literature review identified that conformation with national and local guidelines on hyponatraemia management is poor. This patient’s case, when combined with the literature review, provides evidence to support methods to increase educational awareness of an appropriate work-up of hyponatraemia among clinicians.
Study design and rationale of EXPLORER-CN: a phase III, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of mavacamten in Chinese adults with symptomatic obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Tian Zhuang , Wang Fang , Jin Wei , Zhang Qing , Zhou Jingmin , Yang Ping , Wang Geng , Hsu Peiwen , Sun Jing , Zhang Shuyang , Han Yaling
Published: June 2023

Introduction

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a primary myocardial disease commonly caused by pathogenic genetic variants encoding sarcomere proteins. Mavacamten, a first-in-class allosteric inhibitor of cardiac-specific myosin, has demonstrated efficacy and safety in international clinical trials of patients with symptomatic obstructive HCM (oHCM) but clinical evidence for mavacamten in the Chinese population is lacking.

Methods and analysis

EXPLORER-CN is a multicentre, phase III, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled registration trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of mavacamten in Chinese adults with symptomatic oHCM. The study will enrol approximately 81 participants with symptomatic oHCM. Eligible participants are randomised 2:1 to receive once-daily, oral mavacamten (starting dose 2.5 mg/day), or matching placebo, for 30 weeks, followed by a long-term extension (LTE) period of 48 weeks with active treatment for all subjects. The mavacamten dose will be adjusted by pharmacokinetic (PK)/pharmacodynamic (PD) parameters during the double-blinded, placebo-controlled period and PD-only during the LTE period. The primary efficacy endpoint is change from baseline to week 30 in Valsalva left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) peak gradient determined by Doppler echocardiography. Secondary efficacy endpoints are change in resting LVOT peak gradient, proportion of participants achieving a Valsalva LVOT peak gradient <30 or < 50 mm Hg, New York Heart Association functional class improvement, change in Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire Clinical Summary Score, cardiac biomarkers and left ventricular mass index evaluated by cardiac magnetic resonance. LTE endpoints will characterise the long-term safety and efficacy of mavacamten.

Ethics and dissemination

This clinical study has been approved by the Drug Clinical Trial Ethics Committee of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Hospital (reference number: HS2021089). Written informed consent will be obtained from each participant. The results will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented during national and international conferences.

Trial registration number

NCT05174416.
SOX10
Authors: Sy Albert L , Hoang Mai P
Published: June 2023

The SOX gene encodes for transcription factors that are involved in embryogenesis and cell differentiation. Specifically,SOX10aids with neural crest shuttling and development. In diagnostic histopathology, Sox10 immunostain is a helpful ancillary test due to its high sensitivity for melanocytic and peripheral nerve sheath neoplasms, and its role in distinguishing triple-negative breast carcinomas from gynaecological carcinoma, cutaneous adnexal neoplasms and salivary glands neoplasms from histological mimics.
Long-term outcomes of mesial temporal laser interstitial thermal therapy for drug-resistant epilepsy and subsequent surgery for seizure recurrence: a multi-centre cohort study
Authors: Youngerman Brett E , Banu Matei A , Khan Farhan , McKhann Guy M , Schevon Catherine A , Jagid Jonathan R , Cajigas Iahn , Theodotou Christian B , Ko Andrew , Buckley Robert , Ojemann Jeffrey G , Miller John W , Laxton Adrian W , Couture Daniel E , Popli Gautam S , Buch Vivek P , Halpern Casey H , Le Scheherazade , Sharan Ashwini D , Sperling Michael R , Mehta Ashesh D , Englot Dario J , Neimat Joseph S , Konrad Peter E , Sheth Sameer A , Neal Elliot G , Vale Fernando L , Holloway Kathryn L , Air Ellen L , Schwalb Jason M , D’Haese Pierre-François , Wu Chengyuan
Published: June 2023

Background

Magnetic resonance-guided laser interstitial thermal therapy (MRgLITT) is a minimally invasive alternative to surgical resection for drug-resistant mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE). Reported rates of seizure freedom are variable and long-term durability is largely unproven. Anterior temporal lobectomy (ATL) remains an option for patients with MRgLITT treatment failure. However, the safety and efficacy of this staged strategy is unknown.

Methods

This multicentre, retrospective cohort study included 268 patients consecutively treated with mesial temporal MRgLITT at 11 centres between 2012 and 2018. Seizure outcomes and complications of MRgLITT and any subsequent surgery are reported. Predictive value of preoperative variables for seizure outcome was assessed.

Results

Engel I seizure freedom was achieved in 55.8% (149/267) at 1 year, 52.5% (126/240) at 2 years and 49.3% (132/268) at the last follow-up ≥1 year (median 47 months). Engel I or II outcomes were achieved in 74.2% (198/267) at 1 year, 75.0% (180/240) at 2 years and 66.0% (177/268) at the last follow-up. Preoperative focal to bilateral tonic-clonic seizures were independently associated with seizure recurrence. Among patients with seizure recurrence, 14/21 (66.7%) became seizure-free after subsequent ATL and 5/10 (50%) after repeat MRgLITT at last follow-up≥1 year.

Conclusions

MRgLITT is a viable treatment with durable outcomes for patients with drug-resistant mTLE evaluated at a comprehensive epilepsy centre. Although seizure freedom rates were lower than reported with ATL, this series represents the early experience of each centre and a heterogeneous cohort. ATL remains a safe and effective treatment for well-selected patients who fail MRgLITT.
Icing and aufeis in cold regions I: the origin of overflow
Authors: Turcotte B. , Dubnick A. , McKillop R. , Ensom T.
Published: June 2023

The process of icing involves the freezing of overflow layers, on ground or within streams, and results in ice bodies called “aufeis” that are common in most northern landscapes. Knowledge about aufeis is still limited despite the cold region engineering challenge they represent. Understanding the causes of overflow events leading to aufeis development represents a key for the prediction, mitigation, and management of this geohazard and can also support the planning and design of infrastructure in the North. This paper introduces a practical classification for the diverse range of overflow processes that generate aufeis, including under-represented processes, such as the instability of winter streamflow. Importantly, it distinguishes flow conveyance from water supply overflow processes and describes the temporal aspect of icing intensity. Finally, research topics are proposed to improve our understanding of aufeis, including their predictability, the impact of climate change on their occurrence and extent, and stream morphology–aufeis interaction.
Charge transport properties in a novel holographic quantum phase transition model
Authors: Fu Guoyang , Gong Huajie , Liu Peng , Kuang Xiao-Mei , Wu Jian-Pin
Published: June 2023

We investigate the features of charge transport in a novel holographic quantum phase transition (QPT) model with two metallic phases: normal metallic and novel metallic. The scaling behaviors of direct current (DC) resistivity and thermal conductivity at low temperatures in both metallic phases are numerically computed. The numerical results and the analytical ones governed by the near horizon geometry agree perfectly. Then, the features of low-frequency alternating current (AC) electric conductivity are systematically investigated. A remarkable characteristic is that the normal metallic phase is a coherent system, whereas the novel metallic phase is an incoherent system with non-vanishing intrinsic conductivity. Especially, in the novel metallic phase, the incoherent behavior becomes stronger when the strength of the momentum dissipation enhances.
Epidemic spreading dynamics on two-layer complex networks
Authors: Ma Jinlong , Xiang Tingting , Zhao Yongbin
Published: June 2023

Recent studies have shown that many real-world systems can be described by multi-layer complex networks. In this paper, the concept of layers is introduced to construct a traffic-driven SIR epidemic spreading model on “logical-physical” layered network. Based on the peak density of infected nodes and the ultimate density of recovered nodes, we investigate the features of epidemic spreading on layered network. Through numerical simulations, it is shown that traffic flow greatly influences the intensity and scope of epidemic spreading. By comparing the effects of four kinds of two-layer networks generated by ER random network model and BA scale-free network model on epidemic spreading, we found that the homogeneity of logical or physical network structure can promote the spread of epidemic more than heterogeneous networks. This work may be of service to design traffic-driven epidemic prevention and control strategies.
RUSSIAN DOLL OF SUSTAINABILITY: FACTOR ENDOWMENTS, DEMOCRATIC POLITICAL EQUALITY AND INCOME INEQUALITY IN THE POST-COMMUNIST CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES
Authors: AUZA ANNA , ALBERTO FUINHAS JOSÉ
Published: June 2023

The Russian doll of sustainability framework is applied to find income inequality determinants in transition countries. Land endowment effects on institutions and economic outcomes are analyzed using the autoregressive distributed lag approach on ten Central and Eastern European countries (CEE) from 1995 to 2021. Findings suggest land endowment has an income inequality-widening effect, and trade openness reduces inequalities. However, various democratic measures affect inequality differently, depending on the time horizon. For example, while participatory democracy (PARTID) increases inequality, egalitarian democracy (EGALD) decreases it, but a more rural-biased public service provision is associated with higher inequality in the short run and decreased inequality in the long run. Lastly, we do not confirm a robust Kuznets curve over the development path, and we do not find financial development statistically significant in explaining income inequality.
Strong decay properties of single heavy baryons ΛQ, ΣQ and ΩQ
Authors: Yu Guo-Liang , Meng Yan , Li Zhen-Yu , Wang Zhi-Gang , Jie Lu
Published: June 2023

Motivated by recent progresses in experiments in searching for the [Formula: see text] baryons, we systematically analyze the strong decay behaviors of single heavy baryons [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. The two-body strong decay properties of [Formula: see text]-wave, [Formula: see text]-wave and some [Formula: see text]-wave states are studied with the [Formula: see text] model. The results support assigning the recently observed [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] as the 2S([Formula: see text]) and 1D([Formula: see text]) states, respectively. In addition, the quantum numbers of many other experimentally observed baryons are also suggested according to their strong decays. Finally, some baryons which have good potentials to be observed in experiments are predicted and the possible decay channels for searching for these predicted states are also suggested.
Dynamic magnetic hysteresis features of a mixed spin (2, 5/2) Ising system on a hexagonal lattice under an oscillating magnetic field within the path probability method
Authors: Gençaslan Mustafa , Keskin Mustafa
Published: June 2023

Recently, we [J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 514 (2020) 167242] presented a study of the dynamic magnetic loop features of molecular-based magnetic materials and ferrimagnetism that were investigated by using a mixed spin 1/2 and spin-1 ferrimagnetic Ising system within the path probability method. We found several interesting dynamic magnetic hysteresis properties and observed that the obtained results are in qualitatively good agreement with some theoretical and experimental studies in magnetic materials. We extended our recent previous published work to study the dynamic magnetic hysteresis properties of molecular-based magnetic materials and ferrimagnetism utilizing the mixed spin (2, 5/2) ferrimagnetic Ising system on a hexagonal lattice employing the path probability method. The spin (2, 5/2) Ising system is one of the most suitable and most used prototypical systems to investigate many molecular-based magnetic materials and ferrimagnetic materials. We found more interesting dynamic magnetic hysteresis properties such as double, triple, quadruple and quintuple loop behaviors for the layer magnetization, and only double and triple loops for the total magnetization. We found that some of our obtained results are in qualitatively good agreement with some theoretical, experimental reported works, and the works on some magnetic materials as obtained by the melt-spinning technique.
Unsteady squeezing Casson fluid through rotating discs under the variable magnetic field, cross diffusion and chemical reaction effects
Authors: Mekheimer Kh. S. , Abbas W. , Ghazy M. M. , Moawad A. M. A. , Abo-Elkhair R. E.
Published: June 2023

There are several industrial and biological applications for the study of squeezing flow, including cell squeeze technology, blood flow and food production. In particular, the load and thrust bearing qualities of human body joints and the compression molding processes of metals and polymers might be explained by this solution, which could also illustrate the classical lubrication problems. So, this work investigated the effects of cross-diffusion, an induced magnetic field and joule heating on an unsteady squeezing Casson fluid on a spinning disc. Using the proper similarity transformations, the systems of partial differential equations are drained into a system of ordinary differential equations, which are solved numerically using the finite difference method. This analysis accounts for the effects of biophysical parameters on velocity components, magnetic fields, heat and mass transfer profiles. Additionally, graphic representations are provided for the skin friction coefficient, Nusselt number and Sherwood number for various values of the governing parameters. The current investigation has been matched with published results in order to validate validity, and good agreements have been seen. The impacts of the problem parameters under consideration are also explained numerically and graphically. The top disc’s rate of rotation is found to enhance the tangential fluid flow and temperature distribution, while it reduces velocity in the other directions and the induced magnetic field.
Density functional theory (DFT) calculations of structural, elastic, and thermal properties of Zn3P2 compound
Authors: Hammad T. R.
Published: June 2023

In this paper, theoretical investigations of structural, elastic and thermal properties of Zn3P2 material were done using Quantum ESPRESSO code based on density functional theory. The generalized gradient approximation (GGA) exchange correlation-functional helped to model the atomic interaction. First, the structural optimization procedure was carried out, and hence, the optimized structural parameters were utilized to obtain six independent elastic constants [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text] for the Zn3P2 tetragonal structure. Accordingly, these elastic constants were used to determine the elastic moduli such as the Bulk modulus, Young’s modulus, and shear modulus, as well as other mechanical parameters such as Pugh’s ratio, Poisson’s ratio, anisotropic ratio, sound velocities and Debye temperature. Calculations of thermodynamic properties such as vibrational energies, vibrational free energies, and fixed volume heat capacities, were performed within the implementation of the Thermo_pw code. Elastic calculations confirmed that this compound is characterized by mechanical stability at zero pressure and 0K temperature, ionic bonding, a high degree of anisotropy, and typical ductility. An observable increase in Debye vibrational energies, entropies and constant volume heat capacities of this compound with increasing temperature was detected throughout the thermodynamic calculations, unlike vibrational free energy which revealed a pronounced decrease as temperature increased.
Multisolitons in the surface gravity waves and internal waves
Authors: Jia Hui-Xian , Ma Ji-Ying , Liu Yu-Jun , Zhang Jing
Published: June 2023

In this paper, a five-order Korteweg–de Vries (KdV) equation is studied, which is used to describe the nonlinear phenomena in the fluids, especially those of the surface gravity waves and internal waves in the stratified fluids. (a) Via the symbolic calculation, this KdV equation cannot pass the Painlevé test without any constraint conditions. By virtue of the ansatz method, bell-shape and kink soliton solutions of this KdV equation are attained. (b) Via the bilinear method, multisoliton solutions of this KdV equation are obtained under some constraint conditions. Propagation and interaction of the multisoliton are discussed. Soliton interaction is elastic, that is to say, they have no effect on each other’s amplitude and speed except for phase shift. We hope that our results will be useful for experimental studies of surface gravity waves and internal waves since the coefficients of this KdV equation are all expressed in terms of physical constants, depths, and densities of the fluid.
Atom-photon entanglement in a four-level coherent media via structure light
Authors: Liu Lina
Published: June 2023

In this paper, we proposed a new model controlling the quantum entropy in a four-level quantum system via optical vortex structure light. The four-wave mixing (FWM) processes in the medium cause it to become phase-dependent. Therefore, the degree of entanglement (DEM) can be controlled via relative phase between applied lights when the deriving light becomes plane wave. However, for optical vortex of the deriving light, the spatial control of the DEM is possible via orbital angular momentum (OAM) of light. Our findings may have potential applications in the OAM-dependent devices in quantum information science.
Finite groups in which every maximal subgroup is nilpotent or normal or has p′-order
Authors: Shi Jiangtao , Li Na , Shen Rulin
Published: June 2023

Let [Formula: see text] be a finite group and [Formula: see text] a fixed prime divisor of [Formula: see text]. We prove that if every maximal subgroup of [Formula: see text] is nilpotent, or normal, or has [Formula: see text]-order, then (1) [Formula: see text] is solvable; (2) [Formula: see text] has a Sylow tower; (3) there exists at most one prime divisor [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] such that [Formula: see text] is neither [Formula: see text]-nilpotent nor [Formula: see text]-closed.
A B-infinity algebra structure of singular Hochschild complex
Authors: Qiu Jun , Wang Yu
Published: June 2023

In this paper, we calculate the low order relations of [Formula: see text]-algebra and introduce the bibrace algebra. It can be applied to the [Formula: see text]-algebras of the (co)Hochschild cochain complex and the singular Hochschild complex of an algebra.
Buchdahl-inspired spacetimes and wormholes: Unearthing Hans Buchdahl’s other “hidden” treasure trove
Authors: Nguyen Hoang Ky
Published: June 2023

Circa 1962 Hans A. Buchdahl pioneered a program — and made significant progress — seeking vacuo configurations in pure [Formula: see text] gravity (H. A. Buchdahl, Nuovo Cimento 23 (1962) 141). Unfortunately, he deemed the final step in his calculations impassable and prematurely suspended his pursuit. Since then, his achievements on this front have faded into dormancy. Unbeknownst to Buchdahl himself, the [Formula: see text] vacua that he sought were within his striking distance. In our recent three-paper body of work published in Nguyen (Phys. Rev. D 106 (2022) 104004; Phys. Rev. D 107 (2023) 104008; Phys. Rev. D 107 (2023) 104009), we broke this six-decades-old impasse and accomplished his goal: A novel class of metrics, describing non-Schwarzschild spacetimes in quadratic gravity and carrying a hallmark of higher-derivative characteristic. Intriguing properties of Buchdahl-inspired spacetimes and their associated Morris–Thorne–Buchdahl wormholes — summarized herein — embody a new branch of phenomenology that transcends the Einstein–Hilbert paradigm.

May this unsung legacy of Hans A. Buchdahl

long “forsaken” and “forgotten”

finally live on

Our essay is a passageway bridging the past and the future. The past is rooted in a research program originated but left unfinished by Buchdahl going back threescore years ago. The future is the new horizons his program brings forth. In between is our labor — summarized in a three-installment “Beyond Schwarzschild–de Sitter spacetimes” series[1–3] — to advance the Buchdahl program and achieve his ultimate goal.
Systematic study of α-decay half-lives for Pa isotopes using MGLDM model
Authors: T. Akrawy Dashty , Manjunatha H. C. , Saxena G. , Ahmed Ali H. , Sowmya N.
Published: June 2023

The [Formula: see text]-decay half-lives for odd [Formula: see text] Pa isotopes were estimated by using the modified generalized liquid drop model (MGLDM) in the neutron number range [Formula: see text]. These half-lives are found to be an excellent match with available experimental data certified by the least root mean-square error when compared with the other recently proposed empirical formulas. The applicability of MGLDM is proved on the odd [Formula: see text]-odd [Formula: see text] (even [Formula: see text]) nuclei in a successful manner in describing their [Formula: see text]-decay half-lives which are employed to predict half-lives of few unknown Pa isotopes. Our results are expected to provide more extensive and precise information of half-lives for the upcoming experiments eyeing on the boundaries of the trans-led nuclei.
MODELING AND SYNTHESIS OF THE WISTAR RAT ELECTROCARDIOGRAM
Authors: CARACCIOLO SANTIAGO FEDERICO , MENDIETA JAVIER GUSTAVO , ARINI PEDRO DAVID
Published: June 2023

In this work, we present a synthesizer of electrocardiographic signals of the experimental model of the Wistar rat. Firstly, we modeled the P, R, and S waves using Gaussian functions, while for the T-wave, we used a Gumbel function. We validated the proposed model using a Wistar rat electrocardiogram database, which contains 41 animals with 62,907 beats. Model global performance was CC (correlation [Formula: see text], and RE (relative [Formula: see text]. We also propose a transformation that allows the aforementioned model to be built from the standard ECG parameters, such as RR interval, P wave duration, PR interval, RS interval, QT interval, and P, R, S, and T wave amplitudes. In all cases, the correlation coefficients obtained were greater than 0.966, while the mean of the absolute errors of the parameters did not exceed 6[Formula: see text]ms and 30[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]V. Also, we have developed software that integrates the proposed model and the transformation. We used a system of coupled differential equations to synthesize several beats based on one cardiac beat pattern with the possibility of entering variability in the ECG parameters and adding noise to give realism to the electrocardiographic signals. In conclusion, we developed a synthesizer of Wistar rats ECG useful for several applications, such as delineation and segmentation, training and testing of automatic algorithms to detect and monitor, as well as novel filtering methods of these types of ECG signals.
A COMPUTATIONAL ANALYSIS FRACTIONAL COMPLEX-ORDER VALUES BY ABC OPERATOR AND MITTAG-LEFFLER KERNEL MODELING
Authors: EL-SHORBAGY MOHAMMED A. , UR RAHMAN MATI , KARACA YELİZ
Published: June 2023

A random arbitrary-order mathematical system is investigated via the global and non-singular kernel of Atangana–Baleanu in the sense of Caputo [Formula: see text] derivative in this study where the proposed problem is divided into four general compartments for the explanation. To show the existing result, the Krasnosilkii’s theorem from the theory of fixed points is used, whereas the well-known Banach theorem is utilized in order to show that the solution is unique to the proposed problem. Furthermore, by using the idea of Hyers–Ulam (UH) stability, the generalized problem is perturbed little for the purpose of checking its stability. The numerical solution is evaluated by applying the Adams–Bashforth iterative techniques. The numerical examples derived are tested in order to illustrate the established outcomes along with the numerical simulation to demonstrate the verification of the results obtained. The dynamics of every compartment is examined on different non-integer order [Formula: see text] and by choosing arbitrary time [Formula: see text] by the taken approximate solution employing the AB numerical technique. Ultimately, the total continuous spectrum on the dynamics of each quantity in any arbitrary order lying between any of the two natural values, namely 0 and 1, has been achieved based on the investigated analyses.
BIFURCATION AND GLOBAL EXPONENTIAL STABILITY OF A MATHEMATICAL MODEL FOR MALWARE DISSEMINATION ON WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS
Authors: ZHANG ZIZHEN , ZHANG WEISHI , NISAR KOTTAKKARAN SOOPPY , GUL NADIA , AHMED ZAHID
Published: June 2023

The main aim of this paper is to analyze a mathematical model for malware dissemination on wireless sensor networks with time delay. Local stability and exhibition of the Hopf bifurcation are explored by means of analysis of the distribution of roots of the consequential characteristic equation. Moreover, global exponential stability is established with the help of linear matrix inequality techniques. Furthermore, properties of the Hopf bifurcation such as the direction and stability are studied by utilizing the normal form theory and the center manifold theorem. Finally, a computer numerical simulation example is presented to certify the rationality of our obtained results.
Investigation on the synthesis, growth, thermal and optical behavior of creatininium borate single crystal: A potential candidate for nonlinear optical applications
Authors: Kiran  , Vijayan N. , Nayak Debabrata , Kumari Manju , Krishna Anuj , Vinod
Published: June 2023

In the this study, we focus on the growth of a metal-organic creatininium borate (CRB) single crystal for third-order nonlinear optical (NLO) applications. Optically transparent & wide optical band gap single crystals of CRB were successfully harvested by adopting a slow evaporation solution technique (SEST) at a constant 40[Formula: see text]C temperature. The structural identification and lattice parameters of the grown sample were determined by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) using Rietveld analysis by FullProf Suite software. The occurrence of vacancy/interstitial defects produced during growth was investigated by high-resolution X-ray diffraction (HRXRD) using omega scan arrangement. A single peak with lower full width half maxima (56.4 arc s) was obtained from the scan which suggests that there were no grain boundaries for the grown crystal. Surface morphology and its features such as concentration of dislocations and defect sites on the as-grown sample were scrutinized using the etching technique. The optical band gap and UV–vis cut-off were examined and found to be 5.39 eV and 230 nm, respectively. Photoluminescence characteristics of the crystal show an emission at 377 nm upon excitation with a wavelength of 336 nm. The presence of radiative and non-radiative transitions inside the crystal due to excitation upon 266 nm laser was identified using time-resolved photoluminescence. Thermal stability and decomposition temperature of the compound were obtained by thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The third-order nonlinearity of the crystal was determined by Z-scan measurement technique with a femtosecond Ti-sapphire laser.