bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Economic and environmental analysis of solar water heater utilisation in Gauteng Province, South Africa
Authors: Özdemir Enver Doruk , Marathe Sheetal Dattatraya , Tomaschek Jan , Dobbins Audrey , Eltrop Ludger
Published: June 2019

This paper focuses on the energy economics and environmental impacts of solar water heaters (SWH) in the Gauteng Province and compares the results with other technology options for residential water heating with regard to the different income groups. The critical energy situation in South Africa and the highly coal dependent energy generation demonstrates the need to shift to a more sustainable way of living. The residential sector proves to be an optimal starting point to implement new technologies, especially for water heating. The residential hot water demand calculation shows that the annual demand in Gauteng is about 188 million cubic meters. In order to satisfy this demand, different technologies are investigated in this paper, where SWHs lie in focus. Due to the vast income inequality in Gauteng, and also in South Africa, it is obvious that there cannot be one single optimal solution suitable to all households. Therefore, this paper focuses on the differentiation of the residential sector into income groups to show the divergence in warm water demand and the applicability of alternative technologies. In order to analyse appropriate solutions for all income groups, low-cost alternatives are also analysed. The economic analysis shows that although SWHs have higher investment costs than conventional technologies, the payback periods are relatively short (between 3 and 4 years) for high and mid income groups. The payback periods will be even shorter when the planned electricity price tariff increase comes into effect. Furthermore, SWH utilisation has the additional effect of reducing the overall electricity demand up to 70% and greenhouse gas emissions significantly. In addition, SWHs are the most cost-effective water heating technology to reduce greenhouse gas emissions for mid and high income groups with negative abatement costs.It is concluded that the SWHs are the most suitable option to decrease fossil energy consumption and reduce the household’s expenditure for energy services, especially for mid and high income groups. For lower income groups the utilisation of solar energy can increase the access to energy services and living quality and, therewith, lessen the financial burden to meet their energy needs.
A cost-benefit analysis of concentrator photovoltaic technology use in South Africa: A case study
Authors: Du Preez Mario , Beukes Justin , Van Dyk Ernest
Published: June 2019

The South African Government currently faces the dual problems of climate change mitigation and the rollout of electricity provision to rural, previously disadvantaged communities. This paper investigates the economic efficiency of the implementation of concentrator photovoltaic (CPV) technology in the Tyefu area in the Eastern Cape, South Africa, as a means of addressing these problems. Two cost-benefit analyses (CBA) are carried out in the study, namely a private CBA and a social CBA. The private CBA investigates the desirability of the CPV project from a private energy investor’s perspective, whilst the social CBA investigates the desirability of the CPV project from society’s perspective. The social CBA found that the project was socially viable and was, thus, an efficient allocation of government resources. The private CBA, on the other hand, found that investing in a CPV project was not financially viable for a private investor. With respect to the incentive scheme currently offered to private energy investors, it is recommended that the maximum bidding price of R2.85/kWh be increased. A sensitivity analysis of the bidding price showed that an increase of 300% is required to attract private investors into electricity generation projects.
A possible design and justification for a biogas plant at Nyazura Adventist High School, Rusape, Zimbabwe
Authors: Mukumba Patrick , Makaka Golden , Mamphweli Sampson , Misi Sherpherd
Published: June 2019

The research study was carried out to assess the biogas potential at Nyazura Adventist High School, Rusape, Zimbabwe, a co-educational school with a total enrolment of 700 boarders. The school is connected to the national grid electricity. The electricity is in short supply due to long hours of load shedding. Firewood to be used for heating and cooking purposes is in short supply. The main objective of the study was to make an assessment of biogas potential at the school. The energy demand for the whole school was calculated and it was found to be 2 710 kWh per day. The biogas yields for the feedstocks at the school were estimated. The total biogas yield that could be obtained from the feedstocks was 50 m3 per day. The digesters volume for the feedstocks was estimated and the material requirements for the digesters were also determined. The techno-economic analysis of the proposed project was done. The results suggested that the proposed project was feasible, and it was concluded that the school is capable of producing enough biogas from its feedstocks to support a feasible project. The daily 50 m3 biogas yield is adequate to supply enough electricity for lighting purposes during the load shedding periods.
Emissions analysis from combustion of eco-fuel briquettes for domestic applications
Authors: Pilusa Tsietsi J. , Hughes Robert , Muzenda Edison
Published: June 2019

In this study, flue gas emissions from combustion of eco-fuel briquettes in a ceramic lined stove were investigated. The eco-fuel briquettes were made of biomass such as spent coffee beans, mielie husks, saw dust, paper pulp and coal fines using a hand operated screw press. A combustion set-up consisting of digital weightometer, a ceramic lined stove and a complete chimney system was used. The emissions from the combustion process were measured using a Testo 350 gas analyser linked to the chimney system. The eco-fuel briquettes made from a mixture of biomass and coal fines burnt within the acceptable exposure limits as set out by the Occupational Safety and Health Agency (OSHA). The flue gas emissions from the combustion of eco-fuel briquettes were found to contain 74 parts per million (ppm) carbon monoxide (CO), 4.32 ppm hydrogen sulphide (H2S), 1.34ppm nitrogen oxides (NOx) and 3.67 ppm sulphur oxides (SOx). The measured gross calorific value was 18.9MJ/kg, with a burning rate of 2g/min. These properties make eco-fuel briquettes suitable for domestic applications. A survey conducted as part of this study also revealed a significant demand for eco-fuel briquettes in many informal settlements in Gauteng Province, South Africa, at a competitive selling price of R2.60/kg.
Safe Sleep Practices of Kansas Birthing Hospitals
Authors: Ahlers-Schmidt Carolyn R. , Schunn Christy , Sage Cherie , Engel Matthew , Benton Mary
Published: June 2019

Introduction. Sleep-related death is tied with congenital anomaliesas the leading cause of infant mortality in Kansas, and externalrisk factors are present in 83% of these deaths. Hospitals can impactcaregiver intentions to follow risk-reduction strategies. This projectassessed the current practices and policies of Kansas hospitals withregard to safe sleep.

Methods. A cross-sectional survey of existing safe sleep practicesand policies in Kansas hospitals was performed. Hospitals were categorizedbased on reported delivery volume and data were comparedacross hospital sizes.

Results. Thirty-one of 73 (42%) contacted hospitals responded. Individualsurvey respondents represented various hospital departmentsincluding newborn/well-baby (68%), neonatal intensive care unit(3%) and other non-nursery departments or administration (29%).Fifty-eight percent of respondents reported staff were trained oninfant safe sleep; 44% of these held trainings annually. High volumehospitals tended to have more annual training than low or mid volumebirth hospitals. Thirty-nine percent reported a safe sleep policy,though most of these (67%) reported never auditing compliance. Thetop barrier to safe sleep education, regardless of delivery volume, wasconflicting patient and family member beliefs.

Conclusions. Hospital promotion of infant safe sleep is being conductedin Kansas to varying degrees. High and mid volume birthhospitals may need to work more on formal auditing of safe sleeppractices, while low volume hospitals may need more staff training.Low volume hospitals also may benefit from access to additional caregivereducation materials. Finally, it is important to note hospitalsshould not be solely responsible for safe sleep education.KS J Med 2018;11(1):1-4.
Transgender Health Medical Education Intervention and its Effects on Beliefs, Attitudes, Comfort, and Knowledge
Authors: Cherabie Joseph , Nilsen Kari , Houssayni Sarah
Published: June 2019

Introduction. Transgender health disparities have been well documentedin the literature in recent years, as have the lack of transgenderhealth issues in medical education programs across the country.

Methods. A prospective study was conducted with an hour-longdidactic lecture on transgender health being given to faculty, medicalstudents, and residents at the University of Kansas School of Medicine-Wichita. The didactic lecture included educational informationand presentations by transgender persons. A pre-intervention andtwo post-intervention survey was given to assess attitudes, comfortlevel, knowledge, and beliefs regarding the treatment of transgenderedpersons and associated health concerns. A second post-interventionsurvey was given at 90 days. The question of what attendees plannedto do differently as a result of the intervention was asked.

Results. The intervention provided a significant positive increase inattitudes, comfort levels, and knowledge with respect to transgenderhealth issues between the pre- and post-intervention surveys,however, did not provide a significant positive increase in beliefs ontransgender health issues. There was no significant change in attitude,comfort levels, knowledge, or beliefs from the post-survey after 90days. Four categories of what attendees planned to do differently as aresult of the intervention also were identified.

Conclusions. A didactic lecture on transgender health issues canpositively change attitudes, comfort levels, and knowledge on transgenderhealth issues significantly with the changes sustaining after 90days. Beliefs tend to be much harder to change.Kans J Med 2018;11(4):106-109.
Comparison of Continuous Versus Interrupted Chest Compressions during CPR in a Rural Community
Authors: Thomas Gregory M. , Prescott James T.
Published: June 2019

Introduction. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in patientswith out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) have interruption ofmanual chest compressions for airway management and breathingwhen performed by medical personnel trained by Advanced CardiacLife Support (ACLS) standards. This interruption likely reducesblood flow and possibly survival. Traditional CPR (30:2 compressionsto ventilations) was compared with continuous chest compressions,CCC (also termed Cardiocerebral Resuscitation, CCR) in a ruralcommunity.

Methods. A retrospective cohort analysis of three years of traditionalCPR (June 2008 - May 2011) for OHCA was compared tothree years of using CCC protocols (June 2011 - May 2014). Primaryoutcomes were survival at one and six months.

Results. There were 58 0HCA patients in the six year study period(June 2008 - May 2014). Forty (69%) received CPR and 18 (31%)received CCC. Two (5%) survived at least one month with CPR andeight (44%) survived at least one month with CCC (p = 0.0007).After six months, 0/40 (0%) who received CPR had survived and6/18 (33%) who received CCC survived (p = 0.0018). For the patientfound in ventricular fibrillation or tachycardia (a shockable rhythm),0/13 (0.0%) survived one month after CPR and 7/9 (78%) survivedwith CCC (p < 0.01). After six months 0/13 (0.0%) survived withCPR and 6/9 (67%) survived with CCC (p < 0.05).

Conclusions. For patients in a rural environment with OHCA, CCChad a more favorable outcome than traditional CPR. For the patientfound in ventricular fibrillation or ventricular tachycardia, there wasa profound survival benefit of CCC over CPR.Kans J Med 2018;11(4):110-113.
Examining Communication and Patient Recall in a Family Medicine Residency
Authors: Ebberwein Christopher , Woods Nikki Keene , Terrell Holly Allen , Boyce Mary , Reyes Jared , Chesser Amy
Published: June 2019

Background. Understanding key aspects of effective physician-patient communication could benefit residency education and improve patient comprehension of health information. Discrepancies between what physicians say and what patients understand can reduce quality of care (e.g., patient adherence and satisfaction), making it imperative to know when gaps in patient understanding exist. The objective of this study was to identify residents’ efforts to assess patient understanding and the degree to which patients recalled information and instructions provided in the medical encounter. Methods. Residents and patients were observed in routine medical encounters in a Midwestern family medicine residency center. Patients were surveyed immediately following the encounter for recall of information and recommendations from the encounter, satisfaction with physician communication, and health literacy. Results. A total of 21 physician-patient encounters were observed. An inverse relationship was noted (Spearman’s rho = -0.43, N = 21, p = 0.05) between number of topics discussed during the encounter and the percentage of information recalled. Conclusions. Patient recall was related inversely to the number of topics covered by resident physicians. These results challenge physicians and medical educators to study and employ further those elements of physician-patient communication that enhance patient recall and understanding.
Using the March of Dimes "Becoming a Mom" Prenatal Program to Improve Maternal Attitudes and Knowledge
Authors: Chesser Amy K , Woods Nikki Keene , Melhado Trisha , Steventon Amanda
Published: June 2019

BACKGROUND: Premature birth, low birth weight, birth defects, and Sudden Infant Death Syndrome were identified as issues contributing to infant mortality in Kansas by the state’s Blue Ribbon Panel. The March of Dimes Becoming a Mom (BAM) prenatal program was implemented in four counties identified with high infant mortality rates and significant birth numbers (Geary, Saline, Sedgwick, and Shawnee) by the Kansas Blue Ribbon Panel. The purpose of this study was to identify the changes in prenatal attitudes, knowledge, and health outcomes among BAM program participants. METHODS: A collaborative community-based model incorporating multidisciplinary teams was created to address the health disparity gap in birth outcomes. Patients participated in multiple prenatal education sessions using a curriculum developed by the March of Dimes. A pre-/post-test design was implemented for the prenatal sessions. Changes in attitudes were assessed using descriptive statistics. Paired t-tests were used to assess the difference in knowledge questions from pre- and post-tests. Health outcomes were analyzed using descriptive statistics. RESULTS: Participants were 69% White, 87% spoke English, 64% were under age 26, 41% were employed full time, 45% had some high school or had a diploma, 39% had Medicaid, and 49% were enrolled in WIC (N=114). Participants demonstrated a statistically significant increase in knowledge among 14 out of 32 questions including: identifying signs of preterm labor, what to do during preterm labor, postpartum symptoms, and baby sleep position. There were also changes in prenatal attitudes including: need for prenatal care as soon as possible, continuing prenatal care when feeling healthy and not smoking during pregnancy. Relative frequencies were tabulated for week of delivery, infant birth weight, type of delivery, and presence of maternal and infant medical conditions. CONCLUSION: The March of Dimes BAM program participants reported improvements in prenatal knowledge. The BAM program can improve maternal knowledge through a community-based collaborative model of care. The combined prenatal education program with quality prenatal care can result in better maternal and child health outcomes.
Intra-Operative Experience using Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Based Patient Specific Cutting Guides during Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Albrecht Ryan K. , Chong Alexander C.M. , Wooley Paul H. , Bhargava Tarun
Published: June 2019

Background. The incidence of malalignment in total knee arthroplasty(TKA) using conventional instrument has beenreported as high as 25%. A relatively new TKA system involvesthe use of a preoperative magnetic resonance image(MRI) to obtain accurate implant placement more consistently.For broad acceptance of this new technique, it iscrucial to analyze the initial intra-operative experience. Thespecific aim of this study was to evaluate the initial intra-operativeexperience of a single surgeon using this new technique.

Methods. A total of 15 knees (12 patients: 6 female and 6male) were reviewed from TKA procedures using the selectedmanufacturer’s patient specific cutting guides between January2011 and April 2013 at a single institution. Patient demographicand specific parameters and intra-operative alterationsof component positioning were recorded and evaluated.Results. The preoperative plan was able to predict correctly thesize of the implanted femoral component in 87% (n = 13) andtibial component in 80% (n = 12) of the cases. However, 60% (n= 9) of cases required additional intra-operative corrections onfemoral resection, and 73% (n = 11) required an additional 2 - 4mm correction on the tibial proximal resection. Twenty percent(n = 3) required additional tibial varus/valgus correction, butthere were no tibial slope corrections for any of the 15 cases.

Conclusions. The initial intra-operative experience of a singlesurgeon using current patient specific cutting guides for a selectedmanufacturer to align femoral and tibial components duringTKA has raised some concerns. We agreed with previous studiesthat caution should be taken when using patient specific cuttingguides without supportive data. The findings of this study providedadditional evidence to contest the accuracy of patient specificcutting guides with respect to the initial experience of an orthopaedicsurgeon who is trained in total joint replacement. Theresults provided more evidence to assist orthopaedic surgeonsin the decision of whether to use these patient specific systemsversus conventional TKA methods. KS J Med 2016;9(2):22-26.
El sector cinematográfico europeo. Crisis ontológica y ¿crisis económica?
Authors: Videla Rodríguez José Juan , Costa Sánchez Carmen
Published: June 2019

El sector cinematográfico constituye un área económica con unas características singulares, que en Europa ha recibido la protección y la ayuda de las autoridades públicas nacionales y europeas para su desarrollo. A su situación, se añade la complicada coyuntura económica de los últimos años, una etapa difícil para los ciudadanos, para los gobiernos y para las empresas que trabajan en el sector, lo que hace que nos preguntemos, ¿cómo está afectando la crisis económica actual a la cinematografía europea? Para dar respuesta a este interrogante, revisaremos las cifras clave de los mercados cinematográficos de España, Francia, Italia y Reino Unido en el período comprendido entre 2002 y 2009.
Modelo de exoesqueleto de tres segmentos articulados con motores
Authors: Cruz Ardila Juan Carlos
Published: June 2019

En este documento se presenta un modelado matemático y la simulación de un individuo que porte un exoesqueleto en su miembro inferior. Se utiliza un modelo de tres segmentos de unión (pierna, muslo y tronco), accionados con Motores eléctricos. El planteamiento de las ecuaciones de movimiento se apoya en la expresión de Langrange –Euler, y se presentan las ecuaciones matemáticas en una organización de tipo matricial, que son utilizadas para la simulación en Matlab®. Se obtienen datos de torque en las articulaciones de acuerdo con trayectorias preestablecidas, que se han construido con información tomada de un pasillo de marcha, datos encontrados en la bibliografía consultada. La simulación construida en Simulink de Matlab® se basa en una herramienta que le permite a un fisioterapeuta evaluar comportamientos de un individuo con discapacidad motriz en su miembro inferior y porte un exoesqueleto para desarrollar un ciclo de marcha de su proceso de rehabilitación.
Тенденции развития сельского хозяйства в условиях финансовой нестабильности экономики России
Authors: Оголихина Светлана Дмитриевна
Published: June 2019

Статья посвящена анализу развития сельского хозяйства в условиях кризиса российской экономики. Дана оценка влиянию экономического кризиса на экономику страны, выявлена негативная динамика основных макроэкономических показателей. Сельское хозяйство обозначено как наиболее перспективная отрасль для развития экономики России. Проведен сравнительный анализ основных показателей развития сельского хозяйства в сравнении с докризисным периодом. Выявлены основные проблемы, сдерживающие развитие данного сектора и обозначены перспективы развития сельского хозяйства в России на ближайшие годы. В заключении предложены авторские рекомендации по развитию сельского хозяйства России в целях стимулирования роста экономики страны.
Evaluation of the Use of SPAD-502 Chlorophyll meter for non-destructive estimation of nitrogen status of tea leaf (Camellia sinensis L. Kuntze)
Authors: Wahono Wahono A. , Indradewa D. , Sunarminto B. H. , Haryono E. , Prajitno D.
Published: June 2019

Efficient nutrient management requires estimating factual fertilizer requirements. This study was aimed to test the use of chlorophyll meter SPAD-502 to estimate the nitrogen status of tea maintenance leaf. The test was carried out by correlating the SPAD readings with destructively measured leaf nitrogen content using samples oGbtained from nitrogen fertilizer dosage experiments. Observations were made at 15, 32, 45 and 62 days after the application of N fertilizer treatments. The results showed that the SPAD readings and total nitrogen leaf content correlated significantly with the time of observation. Estimation of leaf N content based on the SPAD readings follows linear line equation y = 0.0311x + 1.5856 with coefficient determinant (R²) = 0.62 significantly at P less than 0.01. It was concluded that SPAD-502 chlorophyll meter is reliable to assess the leaf nitrogen content of tea maintenance leaf and is adequate to predict future nitrogen fertilizer requirements.
Principal component (PCA) and cluster analyses for plant nutrient traits in baby corn (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Magudeeswari P. , Sastry E. V. Divakara , Renuka Devi Th.
Published: June 2019

The present study was conducted to evaluate the plant nutrient traits in 12 baby corn genotypes by using Principal component analysis and cluster analysis during rabi 2017. Analysis of variance depicted the genotypes differed significantly among themselves for all the traits except sugar content. Variability studies revealed that PCV was observed maximum for all the traits. Maximum GCV and PCV were recorded for yield without husk followed by iron content and sugar content. Medium heritability was observed for all the traits except sugar content. Calcium content and iron content was recorded for highest genetic advance. Principal component analysis revealed that the first three principal components together accounted for 87.49 % of variability. The principal components (PC1, PC2) were highly positively influenced by sugar and iron contents, respectively. PC3 was negatively influenced by yield without husk. The 12 genotypes were grouped into three distinct clusters. The cluster-I were the largest cluster comprising of five genotypes and followed by Cluster-II (4 genotypes) and cluster-III (3 genotypes). The genotypes in cluster-I has higher iron content and yield without husk, while the genotypes in cluster-II having higher potassium, phosphorous and calcium contents. The genotypes in cluster-III exhibiting higher means for sugar and phosphorous contents.
A casa
Authors: Moriggi Karen Roberta
Published: June 2019

Uma casaComo outra qualquerQue por ser qualquer outraNão é a mesma que aquelaOu que essa
“Sociedade Civil e Educação: Fundamentos e Tramas”, de Marcos Francisco Martins e Luis Antonio Groppo
Authors: Caires Tatiane Priscilla
Published: June 2019

O livro intitulado “Sociedade Civil e Educação” tem por objetivo questionar os feitos da sociedade civil no projeto socioeducacional contemporâneo. A discussão está fundamentada em bases teóricas diversas, que partem da análise de concepções contratualistas à luz de autores como Bobbio, Bovero, Rousseau, Locke. Os autores voltam-se, a seguir, à explicação do novo modelo societário a partir dos ideais hegelianos e marxistas; e, ainda, buscam entender as práticas do terceiro setor elucidadas nas teorias de Tocqueville, Habermas, Gramsci e Giddens. À guisa deste rolde ideias, os autores procuram esclarecer o desvelamento das tantas tramas percorridas pelas reformas educativas, no Brasil e no mundo, estas que perpassam os modelos de educação romântico, conservador, e findam-se nos moldes libertários inculcados até mesmo no voluntariado, questões que vivenciamos na atualidade.
Educação sociocomunitária: tecendo saberes
Authors: Kirsch Deise Becker
Published: June 2019

RESUMOO livro Educação sociocomunitária: tecendo saberes é composto por onze capítulos, escritos por professores e alunos do Programa de Mestrado em Educação do Centro Universitário Salesiano de São Paulo/UNISAL. A obra discute abordagens conceituais da educação sociocomunitária, e aspossibilidades que tais conceituações abrem para a compreensão de diversas problemáticas educacionais, em diferentes espaços socioeducativos. Os textos apresentam como fio condutor a análise de processos educacionais que possibilitem a transformação de realidades, a autonomia e a emancipação dos sujeitos.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Educação Sociocomunitária. Emancipação. Cultura. Sociedade. Socio-communitarian education: weaving knowledgeABSTRACTThe book socio-communitarian Education: weaving knowledge consists of eleven chapters written by teachers and students in the Masters Program in Education from the Centro Universitário Salesiano de São Paulo/UNISAL. The book discusses conceptual approaches to socio-communitarian education, and the possibilities that such conceptualizations open to understanding various educational issues in different social and educational spaces. The texts present as thread analysis of educational processes that enable the transformation of realities, autonomy and emancipation of individuals.KEYWORDS: Education socio-communitarian. Emancipation. Culture. Society. La educación socio-comunitaria: tejiendo saberesRESUMENEl libro La educación socio-comunitaria: tejiendo saberes consta de once capítulos escritos por profesores y alumnos de la Maestría en Educación del Centro Universitário Salesiano de São Paulo / UNISAL El libro discute enfoques conceptuales de la educación socio-comunitaria, y las posibilidades que este tipo de conceptualizaciones abren a la comprensión de diversas cuestiones educativas en diferentes espacios socioeducativos. Los textos presentan como hilo conductor el análisis de los procesos educativos que permiten la transformación de las realidades, la autonomía y la emancipación de los individuos.PALABRAS CLAVE: educación socio-comunitaria. Emancipación. Cultura. Sociedad.
¿Reduciendo la brecha (de género) atlántica? Mujeres fulbrighters y transferencias culturales hispano-estadounidense, 1959-1964 = Close the Gap (of Gender) Atlantic? Fulbrighters Women and Cultural Transfers Spanish-American, 1959-1964
Authors: Rodríguez Escobar Moisés
Published: June 2019

Resumen: En el marco de las relaciones diplomáticas entre la España de Franco y Estados Unidos se produjo la incorporación de la dictadura al Programa de Movilidad Fulbright. Este fue uno de los instrumentos más importantes de la denominada ‘Diplomacia Pública’. Una de las virtudes que tenía era la inclusión de las mujeres en el mismo. Teniendo en cuenta la legislación franquista respecto al acceso de la mujer al mundo laboral, esto es clave. La posibilidad de ampliar estudios y conocer otra cultura, fomentó la reclamación de derechos a la dictadura. El objetivo de la comunicación es estudiar a las beneficiarias de este programa entre 1959 y 1964.Palabras clave: programa Fulbright, mujeres, universitarias, diplomacia cultural, transferencias culturales.Abstract: In the context of diplomatic relations between Franco’s Spain and the United States was included the dictatorship into the Fulbright Mobility Program. This was one of the most important resources of the so-called ‘Public Diplomacy’. This would become in the first cultural exchange program in which the dictatorship participated. One of the virtues of it was the inclusion of women in it. Taking into account the existing Franco´s legislation with regards to women’s access to the world of work, it was crucial. The possibility of increasing studies and learning new cultures encouraged the claim of rights to the dictatorship. The purpose of the communication to study some of the beneficiaries of the Program from 1959 to 1964. Keywords: fulbright Program, Women, Universitary, Cultural Diplomacy, cultural transfers.
Roldán, M. Alganza and P. Papadopoulou (ed.). La mitología griega en la tradición literaria: de la Antigüedad a la Grecia contemporánea. Granada: Centro de Estudios Bizantinos, 2017. 444 p. ISBN 9788495905895
Authors: Signes Codoñer Juan
Published: June 2019

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The scCO2 Storage and Sealing Capacity of the Janggi Basin in Korea: Based on Laboratory Scale Experiments
Authors: Park Jinyoung , Yang Minjune , Kim Seyoon , Lee Minhee , Wang Sookyun
Published: June 2019

Laboratory experiments were performed to measure the supercritical CO2 (scCO2) storage ratio (%) of the conglomerate and sandstone in Janggi Basin, which are classified as rock in Korea available for CO2 storage. The scCO2 storage capacity was evaluated by direct measurement of the scCO2 amount replacing pore water in a reservoir rock core. The scCO2 sealing capacity of the cap rock (i.e., tuff and mudstone), was also compared by measuring the initial scCO2 seepage pressure (Δp) into the rock core. The measured average scCO2 storage ratio of the conglomerate and the sandstone in Janggi Basin was 30.7 % and 13.1 %, respectively, suggesting that the scCO2 storage capacity is greater than 360,000 metric tons in the Janggi Basin. The initial scCO2 seepage pressure of the tuff in the Janggi Basin was 15 bar and continuous scCO2 injection into the tuff core occurred at Δp higher than 20 bar. For the mudstone, the initial scCO2 seepage pressure was higher than 150 bar (10 times higher than that of the tuff), demonstrating that the mudstone is more suitable than the tuff to shield scCO2 leakage from the reservoir rock in the Janggi Basin.
Machine Learning Techniques for Detecting Identifying Linguistic Patterns in News Media
Authors: Pottinger A Samuel
Published: June 2019

An article's tone and framing not only influence an audience's perception of a story but may also reveal attributes of author identity and bias. Building upon prior media, psychological, and machine learning research, this neural network-based system detects those writing characteristics in ten news agencies' reporting, discovering patterns that, intentional or not, may reveal an agency's topical perspectives or common contextualization patterns. Specifically, learning linguistic markers of different organizations through a newly released open database, this probabilistic classifier predicts an article's publishing agency with 74% hidden test set accuracy given only a short snippet of text. The resulting model demonstrates how unintentional 'filter bubbles' can emerge in machine learning systems and, by comparing agencies' patterns and highlighting outlets' prototypical articles through an open source exemplar search engine, this paper offers new insight into news media bias.
Experimental Investigation of Mechanisms in Functionalized Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube Flooding for Enhancing the Recovery From Heavy-Oil Reservoirs
Authors: Ghalamizade Elyaderani Seyed M. , Jafari Arezou , Razavinezhad Javad
Published: June 2019

In the past few years, nanoparticle flooding has displayed significant potential for enhancing oil recovery. Among different nanoparticles, hydrophilic (functionalized) nanotubes have not been tested yet. Therefore, in this study, functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) were used in three concentrations—0.01, 0.05, and 0.1 wt%—to conduct micromodel, interfacial–tension (IFT), wettability, viscosity, phase–behavior, and static–adsorption tests. In addition, constancy of nanofluids in the presence of sodium chloride (NaCl) was investigated qualitatively. Obtained results illustrated that by increasing the nanoparticle concentration from 0.01 to 0.1 wt%, nanofluid/oil IFT decreased, because MWCNT were placed between the surfaces of the oil and the nanofluid. Also, viscosity of the nanofluid improved slightly when the nanoparticle concentration increased. Moreover, contact angle was measured before and after coating with nanosuspensions, and the achieved data showed a change from oil–wet to water–wet. The resulting emulsion was a water–in–oil type; therefore, as MWCNT concentration increased, the size and number of water droplets in the oil also increased. This augmentation improved the effectiveness of the emulsion viscosity. Stability tests also provided evidence confirming that the nanofluids were stable for 10 days in concentrations of 0.01 and 0.1 wt% and in salinities of 1 and 0.5 wt%, respectively. Besides, the addition of 0.05 wt% sulfonated polymer to the nanofluids ensured their stability in higher salinities. Moreover, the results of the micromodel test revealed that by increasing the concentration of nanoparticles, sweep efficiency increased and the fingering phenomenon was reduced. In addition, the ultimate recovery of oil obtained by nanosuspension flooding in concentrations of 0.01, 0.05, and 0.1 wt% was, respectively, 12.6, 16.4, and 20% higher than that of waterflooding. Static adsorption on sandstone was found to be 0.575, 1.25, and 1.76 mg/m2 at 0.01, 0.05, and 0.1 wt%, respectively, and it reached its fixed amounts within 24 hours. Therefore, functionalized MWCNT might help increase heavy–oil recovery through mechanisms of reducing IFT, changing wettability from oil–wet to water–wet in oil–wet reservoirs, increasing viscosity (slightly), and developing a water–in–oil emulsion.
Evaluating Fracture Volume Loss During Flowback and Its Relationship to Choke Size: Fastback vs. Slowback
Authors: Fu Yingkun , Dehghanpour Hassan , Motealleh Siyavash , Lopez Carlos Manuel , Hawkes Robert
Published: June 2019

In this study we estimated the initial effective fracture pore volume (Vfi) and fracture volume loss (dVef) for 21 wells completed in the Montney and Eagle Ford formations. We also evaluated the relationship between dVef and choke size. First, we applied rate-decline analysis to water-flowback data of candidate wells to estimate the ultimate water recovery volume, approximated as Vfi. Second, we estimated dVef using a fracture compressibility relationship to evaluate the fracture volume loss of the Eagle Ford wells. Third, we investigated the effect of choke size on dVef for the Eagle Ford fastback and slowback wells.

Semilog plots of flowback water rate vs. cumulative water volume show straight-line trends, representing a harmonic decline. The estimated Vfi accounts for approximately 84 and 26% of the total injected water volume (TIV) of the Montney and Eagle Ford wells, respectively. The results show that approximately 10% of the fracture volume is lost during flowback. This loss in fracture volume predominantly happens during the early flowback and becomes minimal during the late flowback period. The results show a relatively higher dVef for fastback (a flowback process with a relatively large choke size) wells compared with that for slowback (a flowback process with a relatively small choke size) wells. In this study we proposed a method to estimate the initial fracture volume and investigated the loss in fracture volume during the flowback process. Analyses of the field data led to an improved understanding of the factors that control water flowback and the effective fracture volume.
Do Clerkship Schemes effectively improve Pharmacy Students’ Understanding of and Attitudes Regarding Pharmaceutical Care?——A pre-post Study in China Pharmaceutical University
Authors: Huang Yuankai , Yao Dongning , Zhang WeiWei , Wang Yitao , Yao Wenbing
Published: June 2019

Background Clerkship is potentially an effective measure of improving the pharmacy students’ understanding of and attitudes toward pharmaceutical care. This research aimed to validate the effectiveness of clerkship in improving clinical pharmacy students’ understanding of and attitudes toward pharmaceutical care.
Methods A pre-post and self-administrated questionnaire survey was conducted to measure fifth-year Chinese clinical pharmacy students’ differences in understanding of pharmaceutical care and attitudes toward pharmaceutical care before and after their clerkship schemes. Statistical analysis was conducted on the retrieved data.
Results 602 respondents completed the post-part survey (drop rate= 1.8%). Correct rates of all statements regarding students’ understanding of pharmaceutical care were generally increased, but the rates of respondents holding correct understanding of the primary goal of pharmaceutical care (71.9% to 85.0%), the necessity of drug information support in pharmaceutical care (77.1% to 87.5%) and the patients’ role and duty when receiving pharmaceutical care (66.1% to 70.6%) were unsatisfactory before the clerkship and the improvement was not significant. Most statements regarding students’ attitudes toward pharmaceutical care were improved in general. However, rates of respondents holding negative attitudes toward students performing pharmaceutical care during their clerkship (3.7% to 7.5%) and choosing pharmaceutical care provider as their career after clerkship schemes (10.8% to 14.8%) had increased after the clerkship schemes.
Conclusion Clerkship generally improves clinical pharmacy students' understanding of and attitudes toward pharmaceutical care, yet adjustments are also required in some contents of the clerkship for further improvements in its outcomes.
Do Poor Patients Suffer from Inaccurate Diagnoses More than Well-to-do Patients? A Randomized Control Trial
Authors: Alwan Ibrahim Alwan Al , Magzoub Mohi Eldin Mohammed Ali , Haqwi Ali Al , Badri Motasim , Yousif Sarah Al , Babiker Amir , Mamede Silvia , Schmidt Henk
Published: June 2019

Background

Poor patients have greater morbidity and die up to ten years earlier than patients who have higher socio-economic status. These findings are often attributed to differences in life-style between groups. The present study aimed at investigating the extent to which physicians contribute to the effect by providing relative poorer care, resulting in relative neglect in terms of time spent with a poor patient and more inaccurate diagnoses.

Methods

A randomised experiment with 45 internal medicine residents. Doctors diagnosed twelve written clinical vignettes that were exactly the same except for the description of the patients' socio-economic status. Each participant diagnosed four of the vignettes in a poor-patient version, four in a rich-patient version, and four in a version that did not contain socio-economic markers, in a balanced within-subjects incomplete block design. Main measurements were: diagnostic accuracy scores and time spent on diagnosis.

Results

Mean diagnostic accuracy scores (range 0-1) did not significantly differ among the conditions of the experiment (for poor patients: 0.48; for rich patients: 0.52; for patients without socio-economic markers: 0.54; p > 0.05). While confronted with patients not presenting with socio-economic background information, the participants spent significantly less time-to-diagnosis ((for poor patients: 168 seconds; for rich patients: 176 seconds; for patients without socio-economic markers: 151 seconds; p < 0.01), however due to the fact that the former vignettes were shorter.

Conclusion

There is no reason to believe that physicians are prejudiced against poor patients and therefore treat them differently from rich patients or patients without discernible socio-economic background.
Key words
Clinical reasoning Medical Errors Poor Rich
Prevalence and Correlates of Chronic Kidney Disease in Patients with hypertension in Rural Malawi
Authors: Kachimanga Chiyembekezo , Nazimera Lawrence , Ndarama Enoch , Kamwezi Richard , Thengo Limbani , Wroe Emily B , Talama George C
Published: June 2019

Background

The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in patients with hypertension is very high in Africa. We investigated the prevalence and correlates of CKD in patients with hypertension attending longitudinal care in rural Malawi, where currently no data on prevalence of CKD in patients with hypertension exists.

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed medical records of all hypertensive patients who were screened for CKD between January 2018 and April 2019. Screening was done using serum creatinine and CKD epidemiology formula was used to estimate the glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). We used Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes definitions of renal insufficiency and CKD. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify correlates of CKD.

Results

During the study duration, 1197 patients with hypertension were screened for CKD. The mean creatinine and eGFR was 0.90 mg/dl (Confidence Interval (CI) 0.85-0.94 mg/dl) and 84.1 ml/min/1.73m2 (CI 82.7-85.4 ml/min/1.73m2) respectively. About half of the patients had a normal eGFR (48.3%, n=578) and 36.3% (n=435) had mildly decreased eGFR. The prevalence of renal insufficiency was 15.4% (CI 13.4-17.5, 184/1197) and the prevalence of CKD was 7.1% (CI 5.7-8.7%). By eGFR category in the CKD patients, 41.2% (n=35), 31.8% (n=27), 24.7% (n=21) and 2.3% (n=2) had CKD stage 3a, 3b, 4 and 5 respectively. CKD was strongly associated with age and diabetes.

Conclusions

We found moderately high renal insufficiency and CKD in this cohort. We propose investing in screening for CKD in patients with hypertension in other clinics in Malawi.
Using computational fluid dynamics to describe H2S mass transfer across the water–air interface in sewers
Authors: Teuber Katharina , Broecker Tabea , Bentzen Thomas Ruby , Stephan Dietmar , Nützmann Gunnar , Hinkelmann Reinhard
Published: June 2019

For the past 70 years, researchers have dealt with the investigation of odour in sewer systems caused by hydrogen sulphide formations and the development of approaches to describe it. The state-of-the-art models are one-dimensional. At the same time, flow and transport phenomena in sewers can be three-dimensional, for example the air flow velocities in circular pipes or flow velocities of water and air in the reach of drop structures. Within the past years, increasing computational capabilities enabled the development of more complex models. This paper uses a three-dimensional two-phase computational fluid dynamics model to describe mass transfer phenomena between the two phases: water and air. The solver has been extended to be capable of accounting account for temperature dependency, the influence of pH value and a conversion to describe simulated air phase concentrations as partial pressure. Its capabilities are being explored in different application examples and its advantages compared to existing models are demonstrated in a highly complex three-dimensional test case. The resulting interH2SFoam solver is a significant step in the direction of describing and analysing H2S emissions in sewers.
Influence of industry type, profitability and size on corporate social responsibility reports isomorphism stage in Indonesia
Authors: Yani Ni Putu Ratih Kesuma , Suprasto Herkulanus Bambang , Sari Maria Mediatrix Ratna , Putri I Gusti Ayu Made Asri Dwija
Published: June 2019

This research examines the influence of industry type, profitability, and size on corporate social responsibility reporting in Indonesian into three stages of isomorphism. The method purposive sampling of companies listed in Kompas100 Index from 2009 to 2016 resulting 327 coercive, 317 normative and 217 mimetic samples. Data were analyzed using binary logistic regression. The results show that only size affected on firm’s tendency to adopted corporate social responsibility reporting by publishing sustainability report in coercive isomorphism stage. Meanwhile industry type, profitability, and size affected on firm’s tendency to adopted corporate social reporting by publishing sustainability report in normative isomorphism stage. The result also showed that industry type and size affected on a firm’s tendency to adopted corporate social responsibility reporting by publishing a sustainability report in mimetic isomorphism stage. The only size is constantly influenced by corporate social responsibility reporting. We can conclude that size as the most important factor to firm considers in issuing a sustainability report in Indonesia.
Evaluation of phytochemical compounds in Corbichonia decumbens (Frossk). Excell by using Gas Chromatography – Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Sri Saranya M.S. , Arunprasath A.
Published: June 2019

The aim of the present study was to investigate the presence of phytochemical compounds and GCMS analysis of Corbichonia decumbens. The Soxhlet apparatus was used for the organic solvent extraction. Solvents used were hexane and ethanol. The results showed in preliminary phytochemical analysis alkaloids, Flavonoids, Saponins, Glycosides, Steroids were observed in hexane and ethanolic extracts. The Phenols and Tanins were present only in ethanolic extract. The GC-MS analysis has shown the presence of different phytochemical compounds in the ethanolic extract Corbichonia decumbens. A total of 30 compounds were identified representing 84.49% of total methanolic extract composition. Our findings provided evidence that organic solvent extracts of tested plant contain medicinally important bioactive compounds and it justifies their use in the traditional medicines for the treatment of different diseases.
IMPACT OF WHEAT ESTABLISHMENT METHODS AND WEED MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON WEED FLORA, YIELD AND NUTRIENT UPTAKE OF WHEAT IN RICE-WHEAT CROPPING SYSTEM
Authors: SINGH MOHAN , SINGH OMBIR , SINGH ROHITASAV
Published: June 2019

A field experiment was conducted at the Crop Research Centre of Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology Pantnagar, Udham Singh Nagar during continuous two years to study the weed flora, yield and nutrient uptake of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under different wheat establishment methods in main plots and seven weed management in sub plots. Phalaris minor was the most dominant weed at 60 DAS contributed 55.0 per cent of total weed population. Melilotusindica was the major non grassy weeds in wheat which contributed 11 per cent to total weed population during respective years. Sowing of wheat with zero tillage significantly reduced the Phalaris minor density as compared to conventionally tilled wheat after transplanted rice, 60 per cent Phalaris minor emerged from 0-3 cm in reduced and conventional tillage where as in zero tillage after transplanted rice there was 55 per cent emergence from 0-3 cm layer.The highest grain yield was obtained in two hand weedings done at 30 and 60 DAS and was at par with Isoproturon 1.0 kg ha-1 + Metsulfuron methyl 4 g ha-1 at 30 DAS and Clodinafop – Propargyl 60 g ha-1 at 30 DAS fb. Metsulfuron methyl 4 g ha-1 at 37 DAS. Zero tillage resulted in significantly higher uptake of NPK by wheat plants as compared to conventional tillage, whereas reduced tillage recorded minimum NPK, which was significantly lower over the other treatments of wheat establishment methods.