bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Al-Tasybīh al-Tamṡīlī, al-Tasybīh Gair al-Tamṡīlī, al-Tasybīh al-Ḍimnī, dan al-Tasybīh al-Maqlūb
Authors: Hakim Azizul
Published: January 2021

Tulisan ini membahas kajian balāgah yaitu ilmu tentang retorika dan stilistika bahasa. Balāgah merupakan salah satu dari sekian banyak disiplin ilmu yang dipergunakan untuk menafsirkan ayat-ayat al-Qur’ān. Ilmu Balāgah mencakup bayān, ma‘ānī, dan badī’ yang satu sama lain saling melengkapi sehingga ketiganya penting untuk dipelajari. Pada tulisan ini penulis fokus membahas salah satu kajian ilmu bayān yakni tasybīh khususnya pada pembagian berdasarkan wajh syibh dan keluarnya dari keumuman tasybih.Mengetahui materi ini penting terutama bagi mereka yang suka mengkaji kesusasteraan Arab dan ingin menambah wawasan dalam menafsirkan al-Qur’ān.Masalah pokok yang penulis bahas dalam tulisan ini adalah pengertian tasybīh tamṡīlī, tasybīh gair tamṡīlī, tasybīh ḍimnī, dan tasybīh maqlūb disertai penjelasan kaidah.Kesimpulan dari tulisan ini adalah bahwa tasybih dilihat dari bentuk wajh syibh dibagi menjadi tasybīh tamṡīlī dan tasybīh gair tamṡīlī. Tasybīh tamṡīlī adalah jenis tasybīh dimana wajh syibhnya berupa gambaran yang dirangkai dari keadaan beberapa hal, dan sebaliknya tasybīh gair tamṡīlī adalah jenis tasybīh dimana wajh syibhnya adalah mufrad. Adapun berdasarkan keluarnya dari keumuman tasybīh, tasybīh terbagi menjadi tasybīh maqlūb dan tasybīh ḍimnī. Tasybīh Maqlūb adalah jenis tasybīh yang posisi musyabbahnya dijadikan musyabbah bih, sedangkan tasybīh ḍimnī adalah jenis tasybīh yang keadaan musyabbah dan musyabbah bihnya tidak jelas (implisit).
Concentration of pollen of Chenopodiaceae/Amaranthaceae plants in the air of selected Polish cities in 2020
Authors: Piotrowska-Weryszko Krystyna , Weryszko-Chmielewska Elżbieta , Sulborska Aneta , Puc Małgorzata , Malkiewicz Małgorzata , Siergiejko Zenon , Dąbrowska-Zapart Katarzyna , Ziemianin Monika , Rapiejko Anna , Wieczorkiewicz Andrzej , Jurkiewicz Dariusz , Kalinowska Ewa , Lipiec Agnieszka
Published: January 2021

Various concentrations of Chenopodiaceae/Amaranthaceae pollen are detected in the air of many regions of Europe. The highest content of pollen produced by the taxon is reported in southern Europe and in other countries with a warm climate and low precipitation sums. The study was focused on characterization of the Chenopodiaceae/Amaranthaceae pollen season in 11 Polish cities: Bialystok, Bydgoszcz, Cracow, Lublin, Olsztyn, Piotrkow Trybunalski, Sosnowiec, Szczecin, Warsaw, Wroclaw, and Zielona Gora in 2020. The volumetric method based on the use of the Lanzoni or Burkard pollen sampler was employed in the study. In 2020, the pollen season in the analyzed plant family began in the second half of June and ended during the first ten days of October. The earliest pollen season onset was recorded in Lublin (June 13th) and Szczecin (June 14th), whereas the latest beginning was noted in Wroclaw (July 5th). The earliest and latest end of the pollen season was recorded in Bialystok (September 6th) and in Olszyn (October 5th), respectively. In terms of length, the season was characterized by the shortest duration in Wroclaw (70 days) and the longest duration in Olsztyn (106 days). In most of the analyzed cities, maximum pollen concentrations were detected in the second half of August, and the highest values were recorded in Zielona Gora and Sosnowiec. Compared to 2019 and 2018, relatively low sums of the annual concentrations of Chenopodiaceae/Amaranthaceae pollen grains, i.e. in the range of 35–231, were recorded in Poland in 2020. The highest values of this parameter were reported in Olsztyn (231) and Lublin (230), whereas the lowest value was noted in Bialystok (35). The relatively low maximum concentrations of Chenopodiaceae/Amaranthaceae pollen recorded during the study year indicate a low risk of development of allergy symptoms induced by the presence of pollen of this taxon in the air.
Influencia del estrés en el origen de lesiones en voleibol de competición
Authors: Reyes Gómez Guillermo , Pérez-Farinós Napoleón
Published: January 2021

El objetivo fue evaluar la influencia del estrés percibido en las lesiones de los deportistas de voleibol de competición, así como evaluar una posible asociación con el sexo, edad, el nivel de competición, el tipo de lesión y su duración (un tema cada vez más estudiado en el mundo deportivo). 216 jugadores de voleibol de ambos sexos y de una media de 23 años (DT = 5,6%) y de diferentes clubes de España participaron en el estudio respondiendo un cuestionario telemático sobre estrés percibido, lesiones y otros datos de clasificación. El 58,3 % sufrió lesión en la última temporada, y su duración media fue de 5,9 semanas. La puntuación media de estrés fue de 45,3 puntos (43,3 en hombres y 46,7 en mujeres, p = 0,011). Como conclusión, a mayores niveles de estrés percibido, mayor riesgo de sufrir lesión y a mayor nivel de competición, mayor riesgo de lesión.
The Role Of Agroforestry Towards Local Culture And Agroforestry Farmer Attitudes Towards Its Environment In Bulungan District, North Kalimantan Province
Authors: MARLAN USMANI PUTRA
Published: January 2021

The Agroforestry System in Mara Satu village largely follows traditional patterns. The reason the farmers apply the agroforestry pattern has become a local culture that was passed down from their ancestors. The community of farmers is still very dependent on the commodity yields from the agroforestry system, but the community is not aware that agroforestry also affects the local culture, including the attitude of farmers to their environment. Regarding cultural aspects, agroforestry can play a role in tenure aspects, preserving various cultural identities, maintaining local institutions, and preserving traditional knowledge, while looking at farmers attitudes towards the environment, they can assess their attitudes towards grazing forested animals, harvesting forest products and attitudes of agroforestry farmers in maintaining staple plants. so this study aims to determine how the role of agroforestry in local culture and how the attitude of agroforestry farmers to their environment in the village of Mara Satu, Bulungan District. This research was conducted in the village of Mara Satu, Tanjung Palas Barat District, Bulungan Regency, North Kalimantan Province. The methodology used is a purposive sampling method that is deliberate sampling while the determination of the number of samples is determined based on the Slovin technique. Data analysis using quantitative descriptive and loaded in tabular form. Based on the results of the study it can be seen that agroforestry practices developed by farmers in the village of Mara Satu play an important role in protecting farmer's tenure rights, preserving cultural identity, enhancing the role of local institutions, and preserving traditional knowledge. Agroforestry farmers in Mara Satu village can also be said to be quite concerned about their environment. This is evidenced by the majority of agroforestry farmers not tending livestock in the forest and they no longer cut wood in the forest for sale but benefit from non-timber forest products such as swallow nests (Collocalia maxima), aloeswood (Aquilaria malaccensis), lapiu fruit (Archidendron panviflorum) and honey bee (Apis koschevnikovi) from the forest. Besides that, Mara Satu village farmers always take care of their agroforestry staple plants, in this case, durian (Durio zibethinus), as well as they, take care of other forest plants, although the intensity of each respondent varies, because they realize that it is very important to maintain the forest.
Ethnobotanical, Phytchemical, and Allelopathic Potentinal of Traditional Medicinal Plants
Authors: Gyawali Ishwari , Bhattarai Sachin , Khanal Subodh
Published: January 2021

The study aims to report the ethnobotanical significance of medicinal plants for the treatment of various diseases, phytochemical constituents of those plants, their allelopathic effect, and impact of those plants on the socioeconomic aspect in Gulmi and Okhaldhunga district of Nepal. Altogether 41 species of medicinal plants from two areas were documented, using a semi-structured questionnaire. They have been using those species for the treatment of different ailment ranging from gastrointestinal problems, respiratory tract related problems, cuts and wounds, and dermatological problems. 18 of the potentially valuable medicinal plants were brought for performing secondary metabolites tests in methanol extract. The extracts have shown the presence of alkaloid, carbohydrate, glycosides, flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, saponins, oil and protein, out of which alkaloid was found to be present in every sample. In contrast, only 5 possessed protein. Out of 18 plant extracts, 11 most valued ones were isolated to carry out allelopathy tests on mungbean seed. Only the control treatment bored germination of the mungbean with full radicle and plumule development. This study also reports the impact of the use of medicinal plants in people‘s daily life.
Önemli Çilek Genotiplerinin Tat Parametreleri Bakımından Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Akbaş Furkan Cihad , Ali Sarıdaş Mehmet , Ağçam Erdal , Selcen Keskinaslan Gülşah , Kamar Rojbin , Paydaş Kargı Sevgi
Published: January 2021

Çilek dünyada ve ülkemizde eşsiz tat ve aromasından dolayı, üretimi giderek artan önemli bir meyve türüdür. Birçok meyve türünde olduğu gibi, çilek meyvelerdeki verim, tad ve diğer önemli kalite bileşenlerinin genetik yapıdan etkilendiği bilinmektedir. Bu kapsamda, özellikle son 100 yılda dünyadaki çilek ıslah çalışmaları sonucunda çok miktarda çilek çeşidi geliştirilmiştir. Bu bağlamda, Çukurova Üniversitesi bünyesinde de uzun yıllar farklı yoğunluklarda çilek ıslah çalışmaları gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu çalışmada, bölümümüzde gerçekleşen çilek ıslah programı sonucu ön plana çıkan ‘33‘, ‘36‘ ve ‘61‘ kodlu genotipler ile Akdeniz bölgesinde yaygın olarak yetiştiriciliği yapılan ‘Fortuna‘, ‘Rubygem‘ ve ‘Festival‘ gibi ticari çilek çeşitleri geniş hasat (Ocak-Mayıs) süresi boyunca meyve SÇKM, pH, asit miktarı ile et sertliği gibi özellikler bakımından karşılaştırılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda Akdeniz iklim koşullarında ocak ayında az miktarda ürün elde edilmiş olup, söz konusu ayda incelenen çeşit ve genotiplerde en yüksek SÇKM ve meyve et sertlik değerleri elde edilmiştir. Genotipler bakımından; ‘36‘ kodlu olan, sezon boyunca %8,0 ile %13,1 arasında değişen SÇKM değerleriyle diğerlerine göre yüksek olması yanında, nispeten düşük asit içeriğiyle de dikkat çekmiştir. Bu genotip tat bakımından güçlü yönüne rağmen, 0,63 lb/inch2 meyve et sertlik değeriyle ticari çeşitlere (1,10-1,20 lb/inch2) göre oldukça yumuşak bulunmuştur. Bütün bu bilgiler doğrultusunda, her yönüyle çok iyi bir çeşit elde etmenin fizyolojik ve genetik nedenlerden dolayı mümkün olmadığı düşünülmektedir. Bununla birlikte, çilek ıslahçıları belirledikleri temel amaçlar doğrultusundaki özellikleri en yüksek seviyelerde bünyesinde barındıran çilek çeşidi geliştirmeyi hedeflemelidirler.
Species-Habitat Associations: Spatial data, predictive models, and ecological insights
Authors: Matthiopoulos Jason , Fieberg John , Aarts Geert
Published: January 2021

Ecologists develop species-habitat association (SHA) models to understand where species occur, why they are there and where else they might be. This knowledge can be used to designate protected areas, estimate anthropogenic impacts on living organisms and assess risks from invasive species or disease spill-over from wildlife to humans. Here, we describe the state of the art in SHA models, looking beyond the apparent correlations between the positions of organisms and their local environment. We highlight the importance of ecological mechanisms, synthesize diverse modelling frameworks and motivate the development of new analytical methods. Above all, we aim to be synthetic, bringing together several of the apparently disconnected pieces of ecological theory, taxonomy, spatiotemporal scales, and mathematical and statistical technique in our field. The first edition of this ebook reviews the ecology of species-habitat associations, the mechanistic interpretation of existing empirical models and their shared statistical foundations that can help us draw scientific insights from field data. It will be of interest to graduate students and professionals looking for an introduction to the ecological and statistical literature of SHAs, practitioners seeking to analyse their data on animal movements or species distributions and quantitative ecologists looking to contribute new methods addressing the limitations of the current incarnations of SHA models.
Geo-deformation polygon and geomechanical research at the mine Magnesitovaya
Authors: Krinitsyn R. V.
Published: January 2021

The Satka deposit features rockburst hazard. The critical depth for launching prevention of dynamic phenomena of strata pressure in underground mining is from level +180m downward. The Geodynamics and Rock Pressure Laboratory at the Institute of Mining, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences has designed a geo-strain control facility enabling prompt tracking and early response to variations in the stress state of rock mass using the automated monitoring system. The automated monitoring system allows real-time tracking of deformation processes. The control facility is additionally equipped with large-spacing flexible- wire gauging stations, slot-measuring stations and photoelastic strain gaging stations. The geo-strain control facility makes it possible to respond promptly to the changes in the stress state of rock masses. The mine personnel apply appropriate ground control techniques which ensure safety of mining. As a result, the static and dynamic phenomena of strata pressure are minimized, and, consequently, safety of underground mine personnel is improved.
Aggregation methods hydrogeomechanical, electrical and dowsing to select areas of hydrogeological wells
Authors: Tagil’cev S. N. , Cherednichenko A. V. , Melnik V. V.
Published: January 2021

In the territories of mountain-folded regions, aquifers in rock masses are associated with tectonic disturbances. To identify promising faults and their detailing for water supply or drainage of mining enterprises, methods of electrical exploration are quite effectively applied. When choosing promising areas for laying water supply wells in rock masses, good results are obtained from a combination of exploratory techniques for hydrogeomechanics and biolocation. Analysis of the orientation of faults in the field of modern tectonic stresses from the standpoint of hydrogeomechanics makes it possible to assume, with a high degree of probability, the kinematic type of tectonic disturbances. The characteristics of the tectonic stress field can be identified in the process of exploratory research. Dowsing allows you to identify the location, orientation and width of faults in the search area with minimal cost. A quantitative interpretation biolocation effects makes it possible to identify the most flooded areas of tectonic disturbances, which are very often associated with fault intersections. The effectiveness of dowsing is significantly reduced when studying the hydrogeological section vertically (in depth). Determining the thickness of integumentary formations, assessing the displacement, in depth, of the most flooded areas is not as reliable as studies performed in a generalized subhorizontal plane (in plan). Electrical exploration data reveals the structure of the fault in plan and vertically, allows you to assess the lithological composition of the rocks, determine the position of lithological contacts and the thickness of the cover formations. The results of electrical exploration make it possible to quantify the degree of water cut and permeability of the studied areas.
On the issue of ecological rehabilitation of the natural ecosystem disturbed during the development of the Kolyvan deposit
Authors: Kornilkov S. V. , Antoninova N. Yu. , Shubina L. A. , Sobenin A. V.
Published: January 2021

In the areas where enterprises operating in the extractive sector of the economy operate, multifactor, often time-varying, types of technogenic impact on the biosphere arise. Deep quarrying after coal mining, which radically changes the initial landscapes, require significant funds to restore the ecological balance of the territory. In order to accelerate rehabilitation measures within the boundaries of an ecosystem that was disturbed during the development of the Kolyvan deposit, an approach to organizing combined flooding of mining and creating a multi-use reservoir was proposed. To reduce the time of the formation of the reservoir, it is recommended that the M. Elbash River and the Krutikha River be diverted to the developed space with further organization of release into the Krutikha riverbed. In order to avoid erosion of the quarry side wall, made up of Quaternary sediments, it was proposed to provide water inlet to the quarry at existing motor ramps, bypassing the boundary of the Quaternary sediments. Since the considered decisions on the rehabilitation of the territory can have a negative impact on aquatic biological resources, an assessment of the alleged damage has been carried out, on the basis of which compensatory measures for restoring biodiversity are provided.
Processes of hydrosphere self-rehabilitation and mine water treatment in post mining period
Authors: Ribnikova L. S. , Ribnikov P. A.
Published: January 2021

The hydrosphere of catchments, which are disturbed by mining, is formed under the influence of not only natural, but also, to a large extent, man-made factors over a long period, sometimes tens or even hundreds of years. After the cessation of production, the return of the mining territory to a state as close to natural as possible is possible, as world experience shows, in exceptional cases, provided that the process of reclamation and revitalization is planned at the design stage of mining. In old industrial areas, the selfhealing processes of the hydrosphere are of great importance, which determine the time during which the territory should be considered as an object of accumulated environmental damage. At present, the total removal of metal compounds by mine waters in the discharge zones at flooded copper-ore mines of the Sverdlovsk region amounts to hundreds (manganese, zinc) and even thousands of tons per year (iron). The duration of self-rehabilitation of the hydrosphere of mining areas at the post-operational stage, i.e. the duration of the period during which the content of the main polluting components (copper, zinc, iron, sulfate ion) is reduced to the maximum permissible or background values, is tens or even hundreds of years. During this time, in order to prevent pollution of the underground and surface hydrosphere, expensive measures are required to implement a system of purification of underground and surface waters of the old industrial territory. The research was carried out on the basis of observations of the chemical composition of water bodies in the territory of the abandoned Levikhinsky mine since the beginning of the 2000s.
Methodical approach to the development of regulations of maintenance and repair of crushing equipment of mining companies
Authors: Zhuravlev A. G. , Chendyrev M. A. , Cherepanov V. A. , Glebov I. A.
Published: January 2021

Crushing equipment is one of the key for mining enterprises, as it provides ore preparation for subsequent mineral processing. Recently, the issue of increasing the productivity of the crushing site at existing enterprises without radical reconstruction is relevant. The solution is the installation of high performance crushers and the optimization of the maintenance and repair system in order to ensure maximum availability and utilization in time. The article presents the experience of developing a methodology for constructing a strategy for maintenance and repairs (MRO) for crushing equipment. The experience of developing technological routine MRO for crushers manufactured by PJSC Uralmashzavod was taken into account.The problem of the collection, processing of source data and their analysis is considered to obtain reliable statistics on the time between failures of parts and components of crushers.Reflected are the features of the analysis of data on the operating time of assemblies and parts for failure during the service life for various operating conditions.Differentiation of the operating conditions of crushing equipment at mining enterprises is considered, which made it possible to formulate standardized repair cycles for several groups of operating conditions.A technique has been developed to form the structure of repair cycles of crushing equipment.Options for choosing a strategy for building a repair cycle are proposed. The quantity, periodicity and composition of MRO are determined.
Assessment of influence of short-period geodynamic movements on stress-strain behavior of rock mass
Authors: Konovalova Yu. P. , Ruchkin V. I.
Published: January 2021

Geodynamic diagnostics of rock mass is critical in terms of safe arrangement and operation of subsoil use objects. The modern geodynamic movements are one of the factors that govern the stress-strain behavior of rocks. The experimental research accomplished in the recent decades show that geodynamic movements are the wide-spread phenomena of complex time-and-space distribution. It is conditionally assumed to distinguish between the trend movements of the same direction and velocity over the period of observations and the cyclic short-period movements with cycle duration from a few minutes to a few hours. The cyclic short-period geodynamic movements can exert direct or indirect impact on subsoil use objects. The cyclic nature is governed by many natural factors. The influence of one or another factor on the stress-strain behavior of rock mass is yet unstudied unambiguously to date. However, it is evident that strains governed by the cyclicity of movements should be taken into account in geodynamic diagnostics. The implemented studies of short-period movements on testing grounds by continuous monitoring using GNSS methods for many hours at spacing from two hundred meters to two kilometers revealed that directions of displacement of check points frequently exceeded accuracy of their determination. During the experiments, a procedure was developed to determine parameters of strain tensor in rock mass based on the prevailing direction and amplitude of short-period movements. The amplitude of short-period movement is a difference between the minimal and maximal values of displacements in a set of discrete measurements within continuous observation session. The obtained field of strains was compared with the values calculated by the data on the trend geodynamic movements for 6 years with the same check points in the same pattern. The correlation is found between the orientations of principal axes of strain tensors calculated by the data on the trend and shortperiod movements. The developed procedure makes it possible to take into account the shortperiod cyclicity of the modern geodynamic movements, and the found correlation between the orientation of strain tensor of the trend and cyclic movement enable express estimation of changes in the stress-strain behavior of rocks.
Utilizing Indonesian Universal Language Model Fine-tuning for Text Classification
Authors: Bunyamin Hendra
Published: January 2021

Inductive transfer learning technique has made a huge impact on the computer vision field. Particularly, computer visionÂ  applications including object detection, classification, and segmentation, are rarely trained from scratch; instead, they are fine-tuned from pretrained models, which are products of learning from huge datasets. In contrast to computer vision, state-of-the-art natural language processing models are still generally trained from the ground up. Accordingly, this research attempts to investigate an adoption of the transfer learning technique for natural language processing. Specifically, we utilize a transfer learning technique called Universal Language Model Fine-tuning (ULMFiT) for doing an Indonesian news text classification task. The dataset for constructing the language model is collected from several news providers from January to December 2017 whereas the dataset employed for text classification task comes from news articles provided by the Agency for the Assessment and Application of Technology (BPPT). To examine the impact of ULMFiT, we provide a baseline that is a vanilla neural network with two hidden layers. Although the performance of ULMFiT on validation set is lower than the one of our baseline, we find that the benefits of ULMFiT for the classification task significantly reduce the overfitting, that is the difference between train and validation accuracies from 4% to nearly zero.
THE USE FERMENTED APPLE JUICE IN THE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY OF RYE-WHEAT BREAD
Authors:   Chernihiv National University of Technology, Denysova Natalya , Harkava Alina ,   Chernihiv National University of Technology, Buialska Nataliia ,   Chernihiv National University of Technology
Published: January 2021

Urgency of the research is due to the need to increase the nutritional value of bakery products while maintaining quality and increasing the cost-effectiveness of innovations. Target setting. The growth of consumption of bakery products around the world dictates the need to develop new accelerated production technologies on the one hand, and on the other - preservation of vitamins, micro-and macro elements in products. Analysis of recent research and publications. Scientific publications show the promising introduction into the recipe of baked goods of fermented grape juice, with high content of biologically active substances that increase the nutritional value of finished products. Uninvestigated parts of general matters defining. The use of rye-wheat bakery products in the technology of other herbal additives has not been investigated, which provides for improvement of qualitative indices of products with the simultaneous enrichment of nutritive value. Setting objectives. Development of the technology of making rye and wheat bread on the fermentation of fermented apple juice, which will improve the vitality of the mineral composition of the resulting products. The statement of basic materials. The developed recipe for preparing rye-wheat bread on a spontaneous fermenting leaver with the addition of fermented apple juice in various concentrations (20, 40 and 60 g per 1 kg of flour), assessed the quality indicators of the studied samples in leaven, test semi-finished products, finished products. Conclusions and offers. The positive effect of fermented apple juice on the activity of lactic acid bacteria of rye starters of spontaneous fermentation, due to the influence of its components on the starter microbiota, leads to improved quality indicators. The optimal dosage of the additive in 40 g has been established, which ensures the maximum possible values of porosity, crumb elasticity and form-stability of rye-wheat bread.
On forms of legal consciousness: an example of one analysis
Authors: Shevtsov Sergey
Published: January 2021

The article raises the question of the possibility of reconstructing the legal consciousness of one culture and era in the categories and concepts of another. The subject of analysis is the plot of a medieval fairy tale from the collection Arabian Nights. Most European researchers of modern Europe perceive the plot of this story as a demonstration of the blatant injustice and corruption that reigned in Egypt during the Mamluk sultanate. At the same time this story appears completely different when correlated with the principles and norms of Muslim law. It tells how divine wisdom guides the people’s actions without them knowing, establishing order and justice in society. Fairy tales reveal the relationship between the upper world and the earth one, testify to the divine care for the daily life of people.
Discussion on the relationship of philosophy and rhetoric in the Hellenistic and Roman periods (from the Stoics to Cicero)
Authors: Stepanova Anna
Published: January 2021

The article discusses the evolution of the relationship between philosophy and rhetoric in Helenistic and Roman periods. In addition to discussing the value of such factors as eloquence and usefulness for rhetoric, the Hellenistic epoch drew attention to the problem of developing the foundations of rhetoric. These ideas were developed in schools of Stoics and Skeptics. Following the Aristotelian line, Chrysippus objectively contributed to the formalization of rhetorical knowledge. Cicero, who considered this approach narrow, actualized another Platonic line aimed at the "idea," while he translated the understanding of rhetoric as this kind of dialectical knowledge, which, being experience-oriented (in theory and practice), resembles art and corresponds to the spiritual ideal as the highest value. Ciceronian project is a variant of an expansive interpretation of rhetoric as the most complete generalization of reality.
Ethics without theory? On advantages of the Pyrrhonian over the dogmatic way of life.
Authors: Maslov Denis
Published: January 2021

The paper discusses two interrelated problems pertaining to the Pyrrhonian way of life. We try to rise to the challenge and play devil’s advocate, arguing from the skeptical point of view. The first part portrays a reconstruction of central skeptical arguments against the dogmatic ethics that attack some epistemological, metaphysical and ethical issues of the central dogmatic concept “the good by nature”. The second part considers the arguments suggested by G. Striker and R. Bett who claim that the sceptic cannot have ethics nor be an ethical agent. Against it, we try to formulate minimal conditions for ethics without theory, namely, the conceptual ability to distinguish between “right” and “wrong” actions grounded upon the notion of “private good” and the skeptical criteria for actions. This is made possible by relativizing the criteria of the ethical and connecting it with the customs and traditions of a given community. Though Pyrrhonism is quite different from ethical relativism or ethical realism, a striking comparison to H. Putnam’s ethical approach is drawn at the end of the paper.
Two ancient classifications of sciences: Aristotle and Geminus
Authors: Zhmud Leonid
Published: January 2021

The paper examines the division of cognitive space in Antiquity as exemplified by the two most influential classifications of sciences, by Aristotle and Geminus, which underlie all subsequent classifications of scientific disciplines until the 18th century. Aristotle, considering the mathēmata in their comparison with the “first” and especially with the “second”, physical philosophy, proceeds from the independence of all three kinds of epistēmai and strives to draw the most rigid boundaries possible both between them and within the field of mathēmata. Geminus’ classification reflects the far-reaching differentiation of sciences at the end of Hellenism, when almost all of them acquired several auxiliary disciplines, theoretical or applied, and when “mathematics” became synonymous with “science.”
Antiphon. Fragments and Testimonia
Authors: Afonasin Eugene
Published: January 2021

Antiphon (c. 480–411 BCE) was famous in antiquity for his forensic speeches as well as more theoretical works, such as The Truth and On concord. He is also credited with the invention of logography as a profession. The majority of his heritage is now lost. The present publication contains a collection of scant doxographic evidence about Antiphon’s life and writings. The evidences are based on A. Lask and G. Most’ Early Greek Philosophy (2016).
The image of the goddess Artemis in the «History of Armenia» by Moveses Khorenatsi
Authors: Harutyunyan Hakob
Published: January 2021

The reign of the kings of the Artashes dynasty in ancient Armenia from the beginning of the II century B.C. E. was a turning point for the country in many spheres of life, including religion. In Armenia, as in all countries of the Near and Middle East, the cults of Greek gods were widespread. Armenian historian of the 5th century Movses Khorenatsi singles out the goddess Artemis (Artemis) among all Greek gods, who, as demonstrated in the work, not only complemented the functional characteristics of the Armenian gods, but also successfully syncretized with the Armenian pantheon.
Investigation of the Flow behind the Roughness Element on the UAV Surface at a Favorable Pressure Gradient
Authors: Pavlenko  , Kaprilevskaya  , Kozlov  , Katasonov
Published: January 2021

In a wind tunnel of low subsonic speeds, an experimental study was conducted of the windward flow of a trapezoidal model of a flying wing (UAV) with a locally installed perturbation generator in the region of maximum susceptibility on its surface. The generator was a three-dimensional roughness element whose height was comparable to the thickness of the boundary layer. The uniqueness of the work was that the experiments were carried out in a wind tunnel at real flight Reynolds numbers on a UAV model at a scale of 1:1. The results of visualization of the flow near a smooth surface and behind roughness were obtained using the method of liquid crystal thermography. The internal structure and processes of development of the longitudinal perturbation behind the roughness downstream were studied in detail using the thermoanemometry method.
Influence of Methods of Alloying on the Properties of Elements with Anomalous Photovoltaic Effects
Authors: Nurdinova Raziyakhon A. , Alimjonova Arofatkhon Sh.
Published: January 2021

This work presents general studies of the influence of doping methods on the properties of elements with anomalous photovoltaic effects and the process of doping of semi-crystalline thin CdTe films with isovalent impurities is also investigated. The process of thermal diffusion has been studied.
Information and methodological aspects of RES power dissemination simulation using OMMM-TEK model
Authors: Suslov Nikita I. , Buzulutskov Vladimir F.
Published: January 2021

The research topic is the increasing process of electricity generation based on renewable energy sources (RES) in the Russian Federation and its regions. This paper aims to develop a methodology for modeling new RES technologies in the initial period of their dissemination. Its application allows to estimate the scale of energy generation in the regions fr om the standpoint of national economy efficiency. The research methodology includes the application of parametric analysis in the framework of interregional input-output model of optimization with detailed energy sector. Its essence is to increase step by step the cost of a new RES technology in the competitive environment of traditional technologies until it leaves the optimal plan. The parametric process involves finding the threshold values of the RES technology cost in the region, passing by which the technology changes its intensity (efficiency) dramatically. A comparative retrospective analysis of RES technologies spreading in the country and regions is carried out. It is shown the importance of taking into account the installed capacity utilization factor when modeling technologies. Formal procedures for embedding it in energy technologies of the model are described. The trajectories of integrated effects fr om spreading of renewable energy technologies, obtained as a result of parametric analysis, can be ranked by region and used for selective investment policy on the part of the state. It should be aimed at supporting the development of energy on RES primarily in those regions wh ere the maximum integral effect is obtained.
Clinical approach to renal tubular acidosis in children
Authors: Reddy Soumya , Kamath Nivedita
Published: January 2021

Renal tubular acidosis (RTA) is a common inherited tubulopathy in children. Proximal RTA, usually secondary to a systemic metabolic disease, is characterized by a generalized dysfunction of the proximal tubule resulting in Fanconi syndrome. Distal RTA occurs due to mutation in the transporters of the distal tubule resulting in acidification defects. Hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis with normal anion gap is the characteristic feature of RTA. In addition to supportive therapy, specific treatment for the underlying etiology and regular monitoring of growth and laboratory parameters are of utmost importance.
Amphiphilic Distyrylbenzene Derivatives as Potential Therapeutic and Imaging Agents for the Soluble Amyloid-β Oligomers in Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Sun Liang , Cho Hong-Jun , Sen Soumyo , Arango Andres S. , Huynh Truc T. , Huang Yiran , Bandara Nilantha , Rogers Buck E. , Tajkhorshid Emad , Mirica Liviu M.
Published: January 2021

Alzheimer’s Diseases (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease, but efficient therapeutic and early diagnosis agents for this neurological disorder are still lacking. Herein, we report the development of a novel amphiphilic compound, LS-4, generated linking a hydrophobic amyloid fibril-binding fragment with a hydrophilic azamacrocycle that can dramatically increase the binding affinity towards various amyloid β (Aβ) peptide aggregates. The developed compound exhibits uncommon fluorescence turn-on and high binding affinity for Aβ aggregates, especially for soluble Aβ oligomers. Moreover, upon the administration of LS-4 to 5xFAD mice, fluorescence imaging of the LS-4-treated brain sections reveals that LS-4 can readily penetrate the blood-brain-barrier (BBB) and bind to the Aβ oligomers in vivo, as confirmed by immunostaining with an Aβ oligomer-specific antibody. In addition, the treatment of 5xFAD mice with LS-4 significantly reduces the amount of both amyloid plaques and associated phosphorylated tau (p-tau) aggregates vs. the vehicle-treated 5xFAD mice, while microglia activation is also reduced. Furthermore, molecular dynamics simulations corroborate the observation that introducing a hydrophilic moiety into the molecular structure can significantly enhance the electrostatic interactions with the polar residues of the Aβ peptide species. Finally, taking advantage of the strong Cu-chelating property of the azamacrocycle, we performed a series of radioimaging and biodistribution studies that show the 64Cu-LS-4 complex binds to the amyloid plaques and can accumulate a significantly larger extent in the 5xFAD mice brains vs. the WT controls. Overall, these in vitro and in vivo studies illustrate that the novel strategy to employ an amphiphilic molecule containing a hydrophilic fragment attached to a hydrophobic amyloid fibril-binding fragment can increase the binding affinity of these compounds for the soluble Aβ oligomers and can thus be used to detect and regulate the soluble Aβ species in AD.
Calculation of Absolute Molecular Entropies and Heat Capacities Made Simple
Authors: Pracht Philipp , Grimme Stefan
Published: January 2021

We propose a fully automated composite scheme for the calculation of molecular entropies efficiently, accurately and numerically stable by a combination of DFT, semiempirical quantum chemical (SQM) and force-field (FF) levels. A modified rigid-rotor-harmonic-oscillator (msRRHO) approximation and the Gibbs-Shannon formula for extensive conformer ensembles (CEs) are applied and

efficiently account for effects of anharmonicity. CEs of systematically increasing quality are generated by a modified metadynamics search algorithm and extrapolated to completeness. Variations of the ro-vibrational entropy over the CE are accounted for by a Boltzmann population average for the first time consistently. The proposed procedure was extensively tested with two standard DFT methods (B97-3c and B3LYP) and at GFN-SQM/FF levels for the conformation term in comparison with experimental gas phase entropies and heat capacities. Excellent performance is observed with mean deviations <1 cal/mol K (about < 1-2%) for the total molecular entropy. Even for extremely flexible linear alkanes (C14H30-C16H34),

unprecedentedly small errors of about 3 cal/mol K are obtained. For 25 typical drug molecules, the conformational entropy depends weakly to strongly on the underlying theory level revealing the complex potential energy surfaces as main source of error. The approach is systematically expandable and moreover can be applied straightforward together with continuum solvation models.
Calculating Vacuum Metal Infiltration Rate and Depth of BN-Al Composite Materials
Authors: Wang Chao , Li Zhefu , Dong Mengge , Zhang Lu , Liu Jianxing , Cao Xiaozhou , Xue Xiangxin
Published: January 2021

For the first time, the metal infiltration depth and infiltration rate of the BN-Al composite prepared by metal infiltration have been calculated and studied. The calculation results show that the infiltration depth gradually increases with the increase of time, and the final infiltration depth can reach 0.21 m. As time increases and voids decrease, the infiltration rate gradually decreases. The maximum impregnation rate is 0.65cm·min-1. This calculation and research provide a positive idea for the calculation and prediction of metal infiltration in void media in the future study.
Pregnancy and childbirth with Shereshevsky–Turner syndrome, established at 12 years of age
Authors: Mikhaylin Evgeny S. , Ivanova Lada A. , Shilo Mariya M. , Berlev Igor V.
Published: January 2021

The article presents a personal observation of the course of pregnancy and childbirth in a patient with a typical form of gonadal dysgenesis (ShereshevskyTurner syndrome, karyotype 45,X0/46,XY in the ratio of clones 1:1). The diagnosis was established at 12 years of age during an examination for growth retardation and lack of signs of puberty. Given the presence of a 46,XY clone in the karyotype, a high risk of malignization of dysgenetic gonads, laparoscopy and gonadectomy were performed at 12 years of age. Pregnancy occurred after preparation of the endometrium with estrogens and progestogens, as a result of the first in vitro fertilization attempt with a donor egg and her husbands sperm, occurred against the background of hormonal support with the threat of termination of pregnancy and hypercoagulation. At 34 weeks, there was a premature detachment of placenta, in connection with which she was delivered by cesarean section.
Papillomaviral infection and cervical diseases in pregnant women. Risk factors of social status, reproductive and contraceptive behavior
Authors: Bebneva Tamara N. , Dikke Galina B.
Published: January 2021

Aim. To determine the risk factors for human papillomavirus of high carcinogenic risk (HPV HCR) and cervical diseases (CD) in pregnant women associated with the social status, reproductive and contraceptive behavior.
Materials and methods. Design: open-label comparative non-interventional cohort study in parallel groups. The total number of patients 330 people, of whom 148 women were negative for HPV and 182 women were positive. They were divided into 4 groups depending on the presence or absence of CD. Methods: analysis of anamnesis data, general clinical, test Kvant-21 to determine HPV, cytological examination, extended colposcopy.
Results. The most significant risk factors for HPV HRS infection were identified: history of mycoplasma infection (OR 5.9) and BV (OR 5.3), alcohol consumption (OR 4.0). A history of STIs (trichomoniasis and chlamydial infection), as well as more than 3 sexual partners (OR 2.7) were also significant. The most significant risk factors for CD in HPV-infected women were: age over 35 years (OR 3.8), a history of bacterial vaginosis (OR 3.0), and lack of regular screening (OR 2.4). The coitarche earlier than 16 years old (OR 2.2) also mattered. There were also found factors indicating a low risk of HPV infection the use of condoms (OR 0.3), and a low risk of CD was indicated by age under 25 years (OR 0.2) and regular screening (OR 0.3).
Conclusion. HPV infection with HRS and the prevalence of CMC in pregnant women against the background of HPV infection is associated mainly with social risk factors, to a lesser extent with factors of reproductive and contraceptive behavior.
The value of azoximer bromide for optimization of therapy for HPV-associated cervical precancerous diseases
Authors: Kononova Irina N. , Dobrokhotova Yuliya E. , Shmakova Nadezhda A. , Kareva Elena N. , Chistyakova Guzel N.
Published: January 2021

A significant increase in human papillomavirus-associated cervical oncological diseases, a high rate of recurrence of the process (4862.4%) after surgical treatment, changes in the local immune microenvironment in cervical biopsy specimens with (HSIL) created the prerequisites for studying the clinical efficacy of local immunocorrection in complex HSIL therapy.
Aim. To study the clinical efficacy of local immunocorrection of azoximer with bromide in the complex therapy of cervical intraepithelial neoplasias.
Materials and methods. Examination and treatment of 40 patients with HSIL was carried out. The study of the effectiveness of azoximer bromide in complex therapy in patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasias of a high degree of oncogenic risk was carried out on the basis of an immunohistochemical study of cervicobioptates to markers CD3, CD56, CD20, CD138, M-CSF.
Results and discussion. It was revealed that cervical intraepithelial neoplasias of a high degree of oncogenic risk are accompanied by changes in the local immune microenvironment in the epithelium and stroma of neoplastic altered tissues, which may contribute to the development of neoplasia progression. The inclusion of a local immunomodulator azoximer bromide in the complex therapy helped to reduce the recurrence of the process by 2 times, the elimination of the human papillomavirus by 3.5 times relative to the comparison group.
Conclusion. 1. In cervico-biopsy specimens of patients with HSIL, there is an increase in the proportion of cells with expression of receptors CD20, CD3, CD138 (in stromal cells) and a decrease in epithelial infiltration with M-CSF, which indicates significant changes in immune homeostasis in cells of the affected epithelium. Based on the results obtained, at the stage of preparation for surgical treatment of patients with HSIL, it is advisable to include local immunocorrection to improve the outcome of therapy. 2. The inclusion of a local immunomodulator azoximer bromide in the complex therapy helped to reduce the recurrence of the process by 2 times, the elimination of the human papillomavirus by 3.5 times, which dictates the need for complex immunomodulation in the treatment of HSIL at the stage of preparation for surgery.
Anti-Mullerian hormone and its predictive value for assessing oocyte quality
Authors: Aleksandrova Natalia V.
Published: January 2021

The article systematizes information on the diagnostic capabilities of modern clinical and laboratory markers of ovarian reserve. The diagnostic capabilities of anti-Mllerian hormone (AMH) as a marker of ovarian reserve are discussed, which make it possible to adjust the dose of hormonal drugs and predict the response of the ovary to stimulation in programs of assisted reproductive technologies. This paper discusses for the first time the role of AMH in assessing the quality of oocytes and subsequent embryos. Despite insufficient literature data, further study of AMH, as well as full-scale research in this direction, seems to be extremely promising.