bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diagnostics of the State of Readiness of Future Physical Culture Teachers for Sports and Patriotic Activities in Institutions of General Secondary Education
Authors:   State Institution Luhansk Taras Shevchenko National University, Pelipas Dmytro
Published: July 2022

The article defines that the readiness of future physical education teachers for sports and patriotic activities is a complex, integral category, which consists of psychological, scientific, theoretical and physical training, and is a state of professionalism of teachers and the possibility of its implementation in practice-patriotic skills of the younger generation. The article diagnoses the state of readiness of future physical culture teachers to sport-patriotic activity in institutions of general secondary education. We defined axiological, gnoseological and praxiological components of future physical education teachers' readiness for sports-patriotic activities. The motivational-valuable, cognitive-cognitive, creative-result criteria of future physical culture teachers' readiness for sports-patriotic activity have been identified. In accordance with the defined components and criteria the indicators and test batteries for determining the high, average or low level of readiness of future physical culture teachers to sport-patriotic activity were identified.
Preparation of Future Physical Education Teachers for the Organization of Competitive Activities
Authors:   State Institution Luhansk Taras Shevchenko National University, Shekhavtsov Mykhailo
Published: July 2022

The article reveals the essence, content and structure of basic research concepts: «competitive activities of future physical education teachers», «readiness to organize competitive activities of applicants» based on the analysis of psychological and pedagogical, historical literature and regulations. The specifics of readiness to organize competitive activities of applicants in higher education institutions are revealed. The skills that future physical education teachers must master in order to successfully implement their professional activities, as well as the skills necessary for the successful organization of competitive activities in sports games are revealed and characterized. It is determined that future teachers of physical education should be prepared for teaching, educational, scientific-methodical and organizational-managerial activities in accordance with the received specialty, where the typical types of its activities are: educational, physical culture, sports, organizational and recreational prophylactic work and include: planning the process of physical education; organization and conduct of physical education classes; conducting training sessions, organizing section work, preparing sports teams for competitive activities; promoting a healthy lifestyle and monitoring the health and fitness of students; raising one's own professional level, generalization and implementation of best practices.
Information and Digital Competence of the Teacher in the Educational Process Online
Authors:   State Institution Luhansk Taras Shevchenko National University, Yurkiv Yaroslava
Published: July 2022

The article considers the issue of information and digital competence of the teacher during the distance learning system as an opportunity to achieve significant results in online education. It is noted that distance learning sets not only new goals for students, but also, above all, new requirements for teachers, who must constantly improve the methods and tools of teaching and management in connection with the situation in the country. This requires a high level of information and digital competencies of all participants in the educational process. Definitions of the terms «information competence», «digital competence» are given. Modern systems of remote access to education are analyzed. Forms of organization of educational process in the conditions of educational process online are offered. It is noted that with this approach to learning, students are gradually developing information and media literacy, logical and algorithmic thinking, skills in programming and security on the Internet, as well as the concept of ethics with information (copyright, intellectual property). It is proved that today's challenges, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, military action in Ukraine, have led to a rapid transition to the use of distance and e-learning technologies, mobile learning, learning with interactive methods, training in training technology and more.
Essence and Analysis of Health Systems
Authors:   State Institution Luhansk Taras Shevchenko National University, Ochkalov Oleksandr , Stepanenko Viktor ,   State Institution Luhansk Taras Shevchenko National University
Published: July 2022

In the article, based on the analysis of data from special literature, generalization of the experience of leading experts and personal experience, a number of conclusions are made. Regarding the essence and analysis of health systems, an extremely important solution to the problem of introducing valeological education and training specialists with a high level of knowledge of individual health and ways to achieve them has been proved. It has been established that this approach makes it possible to formulate a new attitude towards health in society, the cultivation of a healthy lifestyle. Proved additional responsibility for physical education and health education for the training of specialists to work in this direction. It was revealed that health systems are systems of theoretical knowledge and practical methods that ensure the preservation of health, the formation of a healthy lifestyle. It has been proven that health systems contribute to the preservation and strengthening of the health of applicants for education gradually and naturally without applying complex methods and artificial preparations to the body. Respiratory exercises are recognized as relevant among the health systems. Scientific research confirms that breathing exercises are an important and effective therapeutic tool. Systematic special breathing training can significantly increase the efficiency and economy of external breathing and at the same time increase, make more stable the physiological reserves and adaptive capabilities of the body. In the process of scientific research, it was found that there is a significant variety of health systems. The analyzed health systems combine certain common components. These include: the correct mode of work and rest; daily physical activity; a full night's sleep; optimism and the ability to control emotions; the ability to withstand stress, relax and have a good rest, etc. It is recommended to use health systems for the prevention of diseases, as well as for effective healing of the body as a whole.
Creating an interprofessional education package on patients’ spiritual needs
Authors: Jack Fiona , Hunter David
Published: July 2022

This article outlines the experiences of a Scottish healthcare chaplain. After a student nurse expressed a dated view of chaplains, I realised it was my responsibility to refresh it. After reflection I planned, developed and implemented an interprofessional education session for nursing, midwifery and allied health professional (NMAHP) students on clinical placement. I had to develop awareness of learning theories, preferences and styles, and explore different methods of delivery. Since NMAHP students can be undergraduate, postgraduate, school leavers or career changers, the session is multi-generational and interprofessional. Attendee feedback was used to review the learning session. This package was developed and shared with my team but may be of value to other healthcare chaplains or spiritual care educators to introduce spiritual care to NMAHP students on clinical placement. It will also be a useful resource for nurses, midwives and allied health professionals to expand their understanding of the role.
Poor leaders feed on illusory insecurity
Authors: Foster Sam
Published: July 2022

Sam Foster, Chief Nurse, Oxford University Hospitals, reflects on how destructive leadership generates uncertainly in the workplace and foments fear in teams, leading to acceptance of a toxic work culture
Estimating waiting times, patient flow, and waiting room occupancy density as part of tuberculosis infection prevention and control research in South African primary health care clinics
Authors: Karat Aaron S. , McCreesh Nicky , Baisley Kathy , Govender Indira , Kallon Idriss I. , Kielmann Karina , MacGregor Hayley , Vassall Anna , Yates Tom A. , Grant Alison D.
Published: July 2022

Transmission of respiratory pathogens, such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, is more likely during close, prolonged contact and when sharing a poorly ventilated space. Reducing overcrowding of health facilities is a recognised infection prevention and control (IPC) strategy; reliable estimates of waiting times and ‘patient flow’ would help guide implementation. As part of the Umoya omuhle study, we aimed to estimate clinic visit duration, time spent indoors versus outdoors, and occupancy density of waiting rooms in clinics in KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) and Western Cape (WC), South Africa. We used unique barcodes to track attendees’ movements in 11 clinics, multiple imputation to estimate missing arrival and departure times, and mixed-effects linear regression to examine associations with visit duration. 2,903 attendees were included. Median visit duration was 2 hours 36 minutes (interquartile range [IQR] 01:36–3:43). Longer mean visit times were associated with being female (13.5 minutes longer than males; p<0.001) and attending with a baby (18.8 minutes longer than those without; p<0.01), and shorter mean times with later arrival (14.9 minutes shorter per hour after 0700; p<0.001). Overall, attendees spent more of their time indoors (median 95.6% [IQR 46–100]) than outdoors (2.5% [IQR 0–35]). Attendees at clinics with outdoor waiting areas spent a greater proportion (median 13.7% [IQR 1–75]) of their time outdoors. In two clinics in KZN (no appointment system), occupancy densities of ~2.0 persons/m2 were observed in smaller waiting rooms during busy periods. In one clinic in WC (appointment system, larger waiting areas), occupancy density did not exceed 1.0 persons/m2 despite higher overall attendance. In this study, longer waiting times were associated with early arrival, being female, and attending with a young child. Occupancy of waiting rooms varied substantially between rooms and over the clinic day. Light-touch estimation of occupancy density may help guide interventions to improve patient flow.
Step towards elimination of Wuchereria bancrofti in Southwest Tanzania 10 years after mass drug administration with Albendazole and Ivermectin
Authors: Mnkai Jonathan , Marandu Thomas F. , Mhidze Jacklina , Urio Agatha , Maganga Lucas , Haule Antelmo , Kavishe Godfrey , Ntapara Elizabeth , Chiwerengo Nhamo , Clowes Petra , Horn Sacha , Mosoba Maureen , Lazarus Wilfred , Ngenya Abdallah , Kalinga Akili , Debrah Alex , Rieß Friedrich , Saathoff Elmar , Geldmacher Christof , Hoerauf Achim , Hoelscher Michael , Chachage Mkunde , Kroidl Inge
Published: July 2022

Background

Lymphatic filariasis is a mosquito transmitted parasitic infection in tropical regions. Annual mass treatment with ivermectin and albendazole is used for transmission control of Wuchereria bancrofti, the infective agent of lymphatic filariasis in many African countries, including Tanzania.

Methodology

In a general population study in Southwest Tanzania, individuals were tested for circulating filarial antigen, an indicator of W. bancrofti adult worm burden in 2009 before mass drug administration commenced in that area. Seven annual rounds with ivermectin and albendazole were given between 2009 and 2015 with a population coverage of over 70%. Participants of the previous study took part in a follow-up activity in 2019 to measure the effect of this governmental activity.

Findings

One thousand two hundred and ninety nine inhabitants of Kyela district in Southwest Tanzania aged 14 to 65 years who had participated in the study activities in 2009 were revisited in 2010/11 and 2019. Among this group, the prevalence of lymphatic filariasis of the 14–65 years olds in 2009 was 35.1%. A follow-up evaluation in 2010/11 had shown a reduction to 27.7%. In 2019, after 7 years of annual treatment and an additional three years of surveillance, the prevalence had dropped to 1.7%, demonstrating successful treatment by the national control programme. Risk factors for W. bancrofti-infection were the occupation as farmer, male sex, and older age. Most infected individuals in the 2019 follow-up study already had a positive test for filarial antigen in 2009 and/or 2010/11.

Conclusions

This data supports the findings of the Tanzanian Neglected Tropical Disease Control Programme (NTDCP), who conducted Transmission Assessment Surveys and found an impressive reduction in the prevalence of LF in children. Our results complement this data by showing a similar decrease in prevalence of LF in the adult population in the same area. The elimination of LF seems achievable in the near future.
Game modelling and stability strategy research on distributed leadership pattern: A tripartite evolutionary game perspective
Authors: Lyu Ledi , Cui Zeguang , Zhang Haomin
Published: July 2022

Distributed leadership pattern has been a topic of growing interest in recent years, recognizing that much remains to be known about this phenomenon. The research on distributed leadership acknowledges that responsibility and power are not exclusively limited to one formal leader, but are distributed between formal and informal leaders. The decision-making behavior of team members plays a vital role in optimizing cooperation and team performance. Nevertheless, little attention is paid to investigating the underlying mechanisms about how people in a team cooperate to initiate effective interactions and enhance team performance. Game theory offers a comprehensive analysis of rational behavior under the circumstances of strategic interdependence. By organizing the formal leader, the informal leader, and the ordinary employee in a team, this study constructs a tripartite evolutionary game model and analyzes the internal mechanism of distributed leadership patterns. The study finds that the equilibrium of the three parties is affected by multiple factors. The simulation results reveal that the empowerment of the formal leader to the informal leader is indispensable to promoting optimal cooperation and team performance in distributed leadership patterns. These findings have theoretical implications for the distributed leadership literature and managerial implications for practitioners.
Curating costumes from many lands: Addressing the colonial gaze in two university dress collections through digital curation
Authors: Xepoleas Lynda May , Hayflick Emily
Published: July 2022

In this article we reflect on our engagement with a broad spectrum of dress- and textile-related artefacts housed within the Cornell Fashion + Textile Collection and Department of Anthropology Collections at Cornell University. In recent years, fashion critics and scholars have begun to address the biases and prejudices that continue to inform the collection and display of fashion within museums and academic institutions. In addition to museums of art, design, anthropology and history, universities have contributed to and influenced the public’s perceptions of fashion as an embodied material practice and a social phenomenon through the development and circulation of fashion- and dress-related teaching collections. Drawing upon our experiences co-curating a digital fashion exhibition about the development of two ethnological dress collections on Cornell’s campus, we discuss the opportunities and challenges that we faced working with these objects in a university setting. Our objective is to contextualize the formation of these collections and raise questions and critiques about the ways in which university dress collections have perpetuated – and continue to perpetuate – forms of discrimination like sexism, homophobia, transphobia, sizeism, classism, ageism and racism amidst an ongoing colonial context. We suggest possible steps for decentring the colonial gaze through digital curation.
Curating a fashion exhibition centred on Black women: Combatting individual and systemic oppression at land-grant university fashion museums
Authors: Matthews Dyese L. , Reddy-Best Kelly L.
Published: July 2022

In 2020, we curated and mounted an exhibition at the Iowa State University Textiles and Clothing Museum that centred Black women college students’ fashion. We explored how our participants negotiated their Black and activist identities through dress while on a predominately white campus and surrounding community in the Midwestern United States. In this article, we critically analyse how we, as curators, confronted and rejected white supremacy and were compelled to provide additional labour while curating due to systemic racism. Throughout the curation and installation processes, we challenged numerous forms of oppression, for example: a lack of collected objects representing Black women’s dress practices; assumptions that Black women engage in illegal activities; a dearth of dress forms coordinating with black and brown skin tones. The supplementary work, which included additional time, financial resources, intellectual and emotional labour, is one way that compulsory whiteness is upheld in fashion museums. Curators who engage in social justice initiatives are disadvantaged by ongoing institutional racism, which is prevalent in a plethora of universities in the United States; the focus of this article is predominately white, land-grant institutions. We acknowledge that structural inequities museum curators contend with when claiming space for marginalized identities are prevalent, but can be overcome, despite the hegemony of the silencing and oppression of Black people. We call for a radical shift in fashion museums and curricula.
A Look at the Black Fashion Museum Collection and Designer Peter Davy, National Museum of African American History and Culture, DC, online exhibition, available since 1 June 2017
Authors: Matthews Dyese L.
Published: July 2022

Review of: A Look at the Black Fashion Museum Collection and Designer Peter Davy, National Museum of African American History and Culture, DC, online exhibition, available since 1 June 2017
Seasonality as a consideration, inspiration and aspiration in food design
Authors: Boon Boudewijn , Schifferstein Hendrik N. J.
Published: July 2022

While over the last century food systems have become more controlled, standardized and globalized, the plants and animals that form the basis of our food production still show seasonal fluctuation. The growth and reproductive cycles of these organisms follow seasonal weather patterns, including changes in rainfall, light exposure and temperature. Food designers should consider such aspects of seasonality, as they affect the availability and quality of the ingredients that they work with. Moreover, seasonality brings unique possibilities and challenges that can inspire new and interesting solutions for culinary applications, food propositions and social events. In addition, seasonality can be a goal to aspire to, because it can provide benefits in the domains of sustainability, health and well-being. For these reasons, we propose that, instead of following the current trend of deseasonalization, food designers can contribute to reconcile our food systems with the seasons. This will provide an excellent opportunity for enabling more sustainable, meaningful and healthy rhythms of growing, processing, preparing and consuming food.
My quarantine landscapes: A personal inquiry into the COVID-19 lockdown experience through drawings
Authors: Demirtoka Sezin
Published: July 2022

This article presents an art-based personal inquiry into the author’s experience of the COVID-19 lockdown in 2020. Drawing was used as a way to document, process and regulate feelings during the lockdown. The author revisited these drawings over the course of the following year, engaging with them through imaginative dialogues and creative writing, and looking for patterns to make meaning of them. This inquiry highlighted themes of existential issues around death and life, longing for connectedness to nature and other humans, and the toll of home confinement on the lived body. The author reflects on how artistic inquiry helped her approach an anxiety-provoking situation with curiosity, become aware of existential issues that the pandemic had brought up and treat them with intentionality and authenticity.
Renegotiating problematic relationships: An art-based sculpting method to address reactivity across disciplines
Authors: Govoni Devon , Teoli Laura , Summer Dan
Published: July 2022

This article details an art-based sculpting method designed to assist professionals in exploring reactivity and difficulties within therapeutic relationships. The authors describe the Four-Phase Sculpting Method (FPSM), research specific to the method and how it was adapted for use in clinical practice, education, training and professional development. The FPSM addresses challenging relationships through the creation of a three-dimensional sculpture in four distinct phases: a creation phase, breakdown phase, mending phase and renegotiation phase. During these phases, emotions are given a form and explored through a continual process of dialoguing and witnessing. Research outcomes indicate that the method promotes transformation of thoughts and feelings, resulting in a greater understanding of the self and others. The authors discuss the FPSM and how they incorporated it into a variety of academic and professional settings over the past several years. Furthermore, the authors provide an overview of interdisciplinary applications of the FPSM.
Gestión inteligente de red cuántica
Authors: García-Cobo Iván , Martín del Rey Ángel
Published: July 2022

Las redes cuánticas materializan el cambio de paradigma provocado por el agotamiento de la computación clásica. Hasta ahora, se han construido redes cuánticas agrupando repetidores cuánticos confiables unidos por redes de fibra óptica. La necesidad de construir redes robustas y resilientes ante ataques se hace fundamental en el diseño del futuro Internet cuántico. Proponemos un método de gestión de la red que permita a esta adaptarse en tiempo real y protegerse frente a sabotajes o accidentes que inutilicen parte de la red o de sus nodos.
Syntaxonomy and geography of light-coniferous and mixed (Pinus sibirica, Larix sibirica) forests of the Bolshoy Agul River basin (Eastern Sayan, Southern Siberia)
Authors: Ermakov Nikolai B. , Polyakova Mariya A.
Published: July 2022

The classification of forests in the Bolshoy Agul river basin (Eastern Sayan) was developed using the Brawn-Blanquet method and cluster analysis. Two zonal forests categories in North Asia – boreal forests of the Vaccinio–Piceetea Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1939 and hemiboreal forests of the Rhytidio–Laricetea Korotkov et Ermakov 1999 were revealed. Boreal coniferous forests are represented dominantly by two orders of the East Siberian-Mongolian type – Ledo–Laricetalia Ermakov et Alsynbayev 2004 and Lathyro–Laricetalia Ermakov et al. 2002. The first order includes alliance Pino sibiricae–Laricion Ermakov et Alsynbayev 2004 and two associations – Carici globularis–Pinetum sibiricae ass. nov. and Linnaeo–Pinetum sibiricae ass. nov. occurring on long-term frozen soils with different moisture regimes. The second order of the East Siberian-Mongolian type is represented by community Senecio nemorensis – Larix sibirica(Rhododendro–Laricion Ermakov in Krestov et al. 2009). The third order of boreal forests – Piceo obovatae–Pinetalia sibiricae Ermakov 2013 represents extra-zonal communities of the Ural-Siberian geographical type occurring in the moderately warm habitats. Hemiboreal light-coniferous forests of the East Siberian-Mongolian type (class Rhytidio–Laricetea Korotkov et Ermakov 1999, alliance Festuco–Laricion Korotkov et Ermakov ex Ermakov et al. 2000, Campanulo turczaninovii–Laricetum sibiricae ass. nov.) are locally found in the driest sites. The results of the classification and comparative plant-geographical analysis make it possible to correct the border between the East Siberian and Euro-Siberian geobotanical subregions as well as the boundaries of districts, provinces and regions in the forest zonation system of Southern Siberia.
New records of the five alien species from the flora of United Arab Emirates
Authors: Korshunov Michail V. , Byalt Vyacheslav V.
Published: July 2022

During floristic research in 2017–2022 in the Emirate of Fujairah in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), the authors discovered new alien species that complement the species composition of the flora of vascular plants in the Emirate and the UAE as a whole. The article presents new records of five alien species previously unknown from the flora of UAE and Fujairah: Gomphrena serrata L. (Amaranthaceae), Portulaca pilosa L., P. grandiflora Hook., P. umbraticolaKunth (Portulacaceae), and Peperomia pellucida (L.) Kunth (Piperaceae). Gomphrena serrata which is rare in the country was found only in one place in the mountainous region of Fujarah, and it is a novelty for the flora of the Arabian Peninsula as a whole, while Portulaca pilosa was observed in several different areas of Fujairah Emirate and is also known for Saudi Arabia, Yemen and Oman. Peperomia pellucida was found only in a single locality in the “Alamarey plant nursery” in Dibba town but in large number of individuals. For every species, synonyms, overall distribution, habitat preferences, affinity and taxonomic remarks as well as the list of localities are given. The herbarium materials were deposited in the Herbarium of the Komarov Botanical Institute (LE, Saint-Petersburg, Russia), duplicates were sent to the Herbarium of Altai State University (ALTB, Barnaul, Russia) and the Scientific Herbarium of Fujairah (FSH, Wadi Wuraya National Park, Fujairah, UAE).
Diversity centers as well as conservation priorities of the genus Onosma L. (Boraginaceae) in Iran
Authors: Khajoei Nasab Farzaneh , Mehrabian Ahmad Reza
Published: July 2022

Conservation of biological diversity is one of the most important issues in conservation biology, so a wide range of quantitative spatial methods have been used to determine the biodiversity hotspots and the conservation priority areas. The main aims of the present study are determining the areas of endemism as well as the centers of diversity of the genus Onosma based on the GIE, IPAs, species richness, and AZE-like criteria approaches, to assess the status and priorities of conservation of the mentioned genus in Iran. Based on the findings of this research, centers of species richness, the main areas of endemism, top-ranked IPAs, and AZE-like criteria are situated in the Zagros ecosystems. The comparison of the four approaches used in this study shows that the IPAs and GIE techniques have succeeded in identifying the most important centers of diversity and endemism of Onosma in Iran. Considering that this genus with a high percentage of endemic species is one of the most important genera of Iranian flora and only 46 % of the IPAs and areas of endemism specified in the research are located in protected areas, identification and protection of the rest of these areas is one of the prevalent measures needed for conservation of Onosma species diversity in Iran.
Sexual reproduction in Taraxacum sect. Borealia (Asteraceae, Crepidinae) first documented in the continental Russian Far East
Authors: Kirschner Jan , Stepanova Nina Yu. , Nosova Maria B. , Štěpánek Jan
Published: July 2022

Modes of reproduction vary considerably in the genus Taraxacum. In particular, the extent and distribution of sexuality are decisive criteria for the evaluation of variation and the taxonomic conclusions in this complicated genus. Taraxacum sect. Borealia is widespread in the Arctic and Subarctic regions of the Asiatic part of Russia, but sexual reproduction has not been known to occur there, unlike T. sect. Arctica with a number of sexually reproducing species in the continental Far East. A detailed analysis of the herbarium material of Taraxacum kolymense Khokhryakov, using pollen size analysis and achene set examination, revealed sexuality in this distinctive member of T. sect. Borealia. The lectotype is selected for T. kolymensefrom a rich type gathering consisting of seven herbarium specimens, and a new consolidated description was compiled.
Structure of the seed coat of the species of Asteraceae. II (tribe Heliantheae)
Authors: Boyko Elvira V. , Novozhilova Elena V.
Published: July 2022

We present the study of the structure of the seed coat of 52 species from 31 genera (Acmella, Ambrosia, Aspilia, Balsamorhiza, Blainvillea, Borrichia, Chrysogonum, Clibadium, Delilia, Echinacea, Eclipta, Engelmannia, Helianthella, Helianthus, Heliomeris, Heliopsis, Iva, Lindheimera, Parthenium, Ratibida, Rudbeckia, Sanvitalia, Silphium, Sphagneticola, Synedrella, Synedrellopsis, Tithonia, Verbesina, Xanthium, Zaluzania, Zinnia) of ten subtribes of the tribe Heliantheae of the Asteraceae family. The study of the seed coat structure was carried out by scanning electron microscopy. It has been established that the species of the tribe have a distinctly sculptured or smooth, well-developed testa, which remains until the full maturity of the achenes. The sculpture of the seed surface in most species is determined by the exotesta cells. The several types and subtypes of the structure of exotesta cells due to the degree and type thickening of cell walls were revealed. The sculpture of the surface of the seeds of the species that make up the tribe is diverse. The shape and specifications of the thickening of the walls of the exotesta cells within the genus and subtribe are diverse, as a result, it is not possible to identify the characters inherent in the entire Heliantheae tribe, as well as its subtribes and genera. The division of the Heliantheae tribe into subtribes is not supported by the results of our study. The conservative nature of the characters of the testa cells structure allows to use them in solving problems of taxonomy of genera, phylogenetics, to establish the degree of homogeneity of taxa united in genera and subtribes of the Heliantheae tribe.
Chromosome numbers in some alien plant species of Novosibirsk Region: post III
Authors: Zykova Elena Yu. , Pankova Tatiana V. , Lomonosova Maria N.
Published: July 2022

This paper presents the chromosome numbers (2n) for 13 alien species (from the families Apocynaceae, Asteraceae, Brassicaceae, Fabaceae, Lamiaceae, Polygonaceae, Solanaceae) in the Novosibirsk Region. For Vincetoxicum hirundinaria Medik. (2n = 22) and Sisymbrium altissimum L. (2n = 14), chromosome numbers were determined for the first time on the material from Russia; for Betonica officinalis L. (2n = 16) – from Asian Russia; for Stachys annua (L.) L. (2n = 34) – from West Siberia. Chromosome numbers on the material from the Novosibirsk Region were revealed for the first time for Cosmos bipinnatus Cav. (2n = 24), Inula helenium L. (2n = 20), Sonchus oleraceus L. (2n = 18), Medicago sativa subsp. varia(Martyn) Arcang. (2n = 32), Rumex obtusifolius L. (2n = 20) and Solanum nigrum L. (2n = 48). For all the species studied, brief notes on their general distribution and dispersal in the Novosibirsk Region are provided, along with literature data on chromosome numbers from other regions of Russia.
Evidence of distant hybridization within Central Asian feather grasses (Poaceae: Stipa)
Authors: Gudkova Polina D. , Baiakhmetov Evgenii , Nobis Marcin
Published: July 2022

The genus Stipa is one of the largest genera of Poaceae. The phylogeny of the genus is still poorly resolved, and one of the main problems is linked to the extensive inter and intrasectional hybridization. Disclosure of hybridization processes is a key to understanding relationships between species within the genus. During a floristic study in feathergrass steppe ecosystems of central Asia, we found challenging specimens of Stipa with an interesting combination of morphological characters suggesting their origination through hybridization between morphologically and phylogenetically distant species. To confirm our hypothesis, we applied a combination of classical morphological and genome-wide SNP genotyping methods. Using such an approach, we determined that the new taxon named Stipa × smelanskyi arose from crossing S. richteriana and S. drobovii and confirmed that it is an F1 hybrid. Moreover, we found a S. drobovii specimen with a minor admixture of S. richteriana loci that may indicate putative introgression events among these taxa.
Analysis of phytocoenotic diversity of steppe vegetation of the Baikal-Gobi transect
Authors: Alymbaeva Zhargalma B. , Zharnikova Margarita A.
Published: July 2022

For the first time, the syntaxonomic diversity of steppe vegetation along the Baikal-Gobi transect was determined, represented by 49 associations belonging to 23 formations, 5 florocoenotypes, and 3 ecological-historical series. The classification construction according to the ecological-phytocoenotic dominant-determinant principle was based on data collected during field research and processed using traditional geobotanical methods: route reconnaissance studies, geobotanical descriptions, cluster and gradient analysis. Units of this approach give an idea of the current state of communities at a certain stage of succession, and syntaxa reflect the ecological features of vegetation inherent in the territory. This approach has an applied value, expressed, in particular, in mapping – the volume of the main syntaxa is smaller compared to the ecological-floristic approach, which makes it possible for a more meaningful analysis in large-scale mapping.
The automatization of social media communication - Exploring the development of bot codes on GitHub and the use of open-source bots on Twitter
Authors:   , Kollányi Bence
Published: July 2022

The production and deployment of social media bots signal the emergence of new political economies that redistribute agency around new technological actors. This has implications for marketing, political action and even private lives. Yet, we have very little systematic knowledge about how bots are produced, and how open-source developers use collaborative platforms for sharing their code online. In my PhD research project, I proposed a novel way to study Twitter bots by examining both the open-source bot codes on GitHub and the bots deployed on Twitter. Traditionally, research projects have examined bots as black boxes and attempted to “reverse engineer” the algorithms behind automated accounts. Instead, I tracked bots to their source code on GitHub and connect the algorithm (code) running behind the bot to data about bot activity on a social media platform. By using this approach, I combined data about automated accounts deployed on a social media platform with the source code behind those same bots – this creates a unique lens on bots and provides important insights about how they were produced and how they operate. Combining API-based, data driven research with a classic social science approach helps to understand current practices of developing bots and deploying them on online social media platforms. As part of my PhD research, I examined bot repositories on GitHub and conducted a survey with the same bot developers to gain further insights into the nitty-gritty of writing bot code, including the most important challenges during the development phase and major barriers to deploying and operating bots on Twitter over an extensive period of time. The survey results also shed light on the motivations behind creating automated social media accounts. I also studied how programmers deploy their bots on Twitter and how other, mostly human, users react to the bot activity. The final part of my thesis contributes to a typology of open-source social media bots by systematically examining bot codes shared on GitHub and the activity of some of these bots on Twitter in tandem. My dissertation contributes to scientific knowledge about open source Twitter bots in two distinct ways. First, it provides a framework to study both the development and the use of open source bots on Twitter. Secondly, it explores the practices of developing open source bots and shed lights on the motivation behind developing Twitter bots, the long-term use of such bots including the challenges of running bots for an extensive period of time and the bots contribution to the Twitter eco-system.
An improved bound for length of addition chains producing $2^n-1$
Authors: Agama Theophilus
Published: July 2022

A
Comorbidity Influences the Comparative Safety of Biologic Therapy in Older Adults With Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
Authors: Cheng David , Kochar Bharati , Cai Tianxi , Ritchie Christine S. , Ananthakrishnan Ashwin N.
Published: July 2022

INTRODUCTION:

There are limited data on comparative risk of infections with various biologic agents in older adults with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs). We aimed to assess the comparative safety of biologic agents in older IBD patients with varying comorbidity burden.

METHODS:

We used data from a large, national commercial insurance plan in the United States to identify patients 60 years and older with IBD who newly initiated tumor necrosis factor-α antagonists (anti-TNF), vedolizumab, or ustekinumab. Comorbidity was defined using the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI). Our primary outcome was infection-related hospitalizations. Cox proportional hazards models were fitted in propensity score-weighted cohorts to compare the risk of infections between the different therapeutic classes.

RESULTS:

The anti-TNF, vedolizumab, and ustekinumab cohorts included 2,369, 972, and 352 patients, respectively, with a mean age of 67 years. The overall rate of infection-related hospitalizations was similar to that of anti-TNF agents for patients initiating vedolizumab (hazard ratio [HR] 0.94, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.84–1.04) and ustekinumab (0.92, 95% CI 0.74–1.16). Among patients with a CCI of >1, both ustekinumab (HR: 0.66, 95% CI: 0.46–0.91, p-interaction <0.01) and vedolizumab (HR: 0.78, 95% CI: 0.65–0.94, p-interaction: 0.02) were associated with a significantly lower rate of infection-related hospitalizations compared with anti-TNFs. No difference was found among patients with a CCI of ≤1.

DISCUSSION:

Among adults 60 years and older with IBD initiating biologic therapy, both vedolizumab and ustekinumab were associated with lower rates of infection-related hospitalizations than anti-TNF therapy for those with high comorbidity burden.
Multi-Spatiotemporal Analysis of Changes in Mangrove Forests in Palawan, Philippines: Predicting Future Trends Using Support Vector Machine Algorithm and Markov Chain Model
Authors: Cayetano Cristobal , Sullivan Emma , Miller Peter , Clewely Daniel , Creencia Lota
Published: July 2022

Multi-temporal remote sensing imagery can be used to explore how mangrove assemblages are changing over time and facilitate critical interventions for ecological sustainability and effective management. This study aims to explore the spatial dynamics of mangrove extents in Palawan, Philippines, specifically in Puerto Princesa City (PPC), Taytay, and Aborlan, and facilitate future prediction for Palawan using the Markov Chain model. The multi-date Landsat imageries during the period 1988–2020 were used for this research. The Support Vector Machine algorithm was sufficiently effective for mangrove feature extraction to generate satisfactory accuracy results (>70%
Kappa

coefficient values; 91% average overall accuracies). In Palawan, a 5.2% (2,693 ha) decrease was recorded during 1988–1998 and an 8.6% increase in 2013–2020 to 4,371 ha. In PPC, 95.9% (2,758 ha) increase was observed during 1988–1998 and 2.0% (136 ha) decrease during 2013–2020. The mangroves in Taytay and Aborlan both gained an additional 2,138 ha (55.3%) and 228 ha (16.8%) during 1988–1998 but also decreased from 2013 to 2020 by 3.4% (247 ha) and 0.2% (3 ha), respectively. However, projected results suggest that the mangrove areas in Palawan will likely increase in 2030 (to 64,946 ha) and 2050 (to 66,972 ha). This study demonstrated the capability of the Markov Chain model in the context of ecological sustainability involving policy intervention. However, since this research did not capture the environmental factors that may had influenced the changes in mangrove patterns, it is suggested the addition of Cellular Automata in future Markovian mangrove modelling.
A Study of the Anti-Cyclicity in the Derivational Operation of the Informal Style Constructions in the Hearer-Oriented Honorific System
Authors:   The Society Of Modern Grammar, Um Hong-Joon
Published: July 2022

The purpose of this paper is to show that the types of sentences in Korean may be determined not only by the syntactic information but also by the phonological information, especially the prosody structure. In the informal style constructions in the Hearer-oriented Honorific System, we conducted phonetic experiments to prove this phenome- non. As a result, it is observed that the types of sentences can be distinguished by intonation. Since the sentence type of Korean is determined at the end of the sentence, it can be confirmed that each sentence type is divided according to IP boundary tones. Our observation is significant because it is an example of the anti-cyclicity of the derivational operation in generative grammar. This does not mean, however, that all types of sentences will be related to anti- cyclicity.
International Worker Patients’ Directive Speech Acts in Intercultural Consultations
Authors:   The Society Of Modern Grammar, Kim Ki-tae
Published: July 2022

The present study investigated international worker patients’ English directive speech acts in their intercultural consultations with domestic doctors at three institutions in the Republic of Korea. Special attention was paid to the patient-initiated directives at the treatment or advice phase and to the discursive links that they triggered. The factors considered included the overall process across the individual sessions, the diachronic continuity (or lack thereof) of the sessions, and the intertextuality or intratextuality of the links as well as the directness of the speech act in question. Close qualitative analysis led to the identification of (at least) four discursive links that the patients’ directives triggered:
ㆍDirect directives that trigger a link to all sessions in general
ㆍDirect directives that trigger a link only to the immediate follow-up session
ㆍNon-direct directives that trigger a link to a discourse unrelated to the current session
ㆍNon-direct directives that trigger both intertextual and intratextual links simultaneously
Each was closely compared and contrasted to each other and to those in Černý’s (2007, 2017) intracultural consultations. Discussions and limitations were also discussed.
Debates actuales sobre el orden liberal internacional
Authors: Ilivitzky Matias
Published: July 2022

Luego del fin de la Guerra Fría numerosas teorías trataron de explicar los cambios que el mundo estaba experimentando. Una de las más fructíferas fue la presentada por G. John Ikenberry, la cual estipulaba la victoria de un orden liberal internacional. El autor estimaba en ese entonces que el orden estaba en expansión y que tendría un futuro promisorio. Sin embargo, diferentes perspectivas y hechos emergieron con el paso del tiempo, justificando una revisión de los postulados principales de este orden, así como de la manera en la que puede evolucionar a la luz de las experiencias y visiones del presente.
The Psycho-Bio-Physical Nature of Man, Possibility and Technology of Their Extended Mind
Authors: Monserrat Javier
Published: July 2022

The facts and inferences exposed in this writing, and the arguments that support it, allow us to conclude that the «extension of the mind», opened during the evolutionary process, since always and today accelerated by the work of human intervention, in no case authorizes us to consider that the «extension of mind» has changed human nature, as we have always known it. Therefore, there is no justification to speak of transhumanism, as if a new man, a «transhuman», had appeared at the moment of the Singularity, whose nature had undergone substantial changes in relation to the usual human nature. For this reason, we consider that we should continue speaking of an «extensive humanism». No more.
Una mirada panorámica y simbólica sobre el transhumanismo
Authors: Ravasi Gianfranco
Published: July 2022

Goethe en una carta de 1825 a su sobrino, Alfred Nicolovius, acuñaba un vocablo curioso destinado a definir el futuro que estaba surgiendo: veloziferisch, «velocifero», un cruzamiento entre «velocidad» y «Lucifer». Y lo describía como un tiempo que «no deja madurar nada, donde el momento siguiente se traga completamente al anterior». Será precisamente la meta hacia la cual tenderá la tentación de Mefistófeles para con Fausto, aunque al final aspirará a un «momento hermoso» y perfecto, en la práctica a la eternidad, que no tiene ya la amargura de la disolución del pasado ni la pesadilla del futuro.
Desafíos antropológicos del transhumanismo
Authors: Arana Juan
Published: July 2022

En la literatura referente al transhumanismo hay mucho espacio dedicado a descripciones y taxonomías, pero escasa discusión en profundidad de las bases y límites de los planteamientos teóricos subyacentes. Los críticos apostan en demasía por los argumentos ad hominem, mientras que los partidarios se entretienen más de lo conveniente en exaltar las futuras prestaciones de un progreso exponencialmente acelerado. En este texto se intenta llevar a cabo una reflexión más serena, centrada en las nociones de «esencia humana», «naturalización» y «autoconciencia».
Espiritualidad y transhumanismo, autotrascendencia y humildad óntica
Authors: Torralba Francesc
Published: July 2022

Por mucho que el biotecnólogo desee crear un sistema en el que todo el mundo que protege al ser humano (die Umwelt en el sentido husserliano) esté bajo control, siempre habrá resquicios imprevistos que dejarán pasar lo que no estaba previsto, que le afectarán física y psíquicamente y que, por tanto, lo modificarán y lo alterarán. Frente al don recibido, tanto la naturaleza en sentido cósmico como la propia existencia, enfatiza recuperar el sentido de la reverencia y el respeto y no perder de vista que todo forma un complejo interdependiente muy frágil e inestable que nos supera. Somos la parte y no el Todo, y como parte consciente e inteligente que somos, nos corresponde estar alerta y tener cuidado de lo que hay, sanar los males y prevenir las enfermedades, mejorar la calidad de vida del máximo número de personas en el mundo, respetando, eso sí, la lógica interna del Todo.