bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CONCEPT AND CHARACTERISTICS OF CUSTOMS AUTHORITIES’ COMPETENCE IN THE CONTEXT OF INNOVATIVE PROCESSES IN UKRAINIAN CUSTOMS AFFAIRS
Authors: Nazarko A. A.
Published: October 2024

This article analyzes the concept and characteristics of customs authorities’ competencies in Ukraine within the context of ongoing innovations in customs practices. As Ukraine pursues its Euro-integration goals — aimed at modernizing economic infrastructure, overcoming technological lag, attracting foreign investments, and enhancing international competitiveness — customs authorities play a pivotal role in ensuring the effective functioning of foreign economic activities.
The focus of the article is on the necessity to modernize the competencies of customs authorities in line with global standards and to implement advanced innovative technologies, as outlined in Ukraine’s Innovation Development Strategy up to 2030. It examines the impact and significance of innovations such as the ‘Single Window’ system, ‘Smart Customs’ initiatives, pre-arrival cargo information technologies radio-frequency identification (RFID), and blockchain for enhancing customs control, management, and interactions with external partners.
A central issue discussed in the article is the development of new competencies required for the effective implementation of these innovations by customs authorities. Specifically, it addresses the need to cultivate digital, intellectual, partnership, and security skills. The article also explores the effects of economic and political instability, particularly the wartime conditions in Ukraine, on the implementation of innovations in customs operations. Key challenges are identified, such as difficulties in exporting high-tech goods, granting incentives for importing innovative equipment, and applying non-tariff regulatory measures, including certification, quotas, and licensing.
Recommendations are provided for improving the organizational structures of customs authorities and updating the legal and regulatory framework to adapt to modern requirements and standards. The article advocates for the development of a new, intelligent customs system that can swiftly and effectively respond to changes by employing cutting-edge digital technologies and security methods. Emphasis is placed on the importance of enhancing the qualifications of customs professionals, which is essential for the successful implementation of innovations in customs control.
MECHANISM OF CIVIL-LAW REGULATION OF RELATIONS FOR THE PROVISION OF PAID EDUCATIONAL SERVICES BY HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS IN UKRAINE
Authors: Holodenko I. O.
Published: October 2024

The paper defines the specifics of the mechanism of civil-law regulation of relations for the provision of paid educational services by higher education institutions in Ukraine. At the same time, civil-law regulation is understood as a special legal influence on the behavior of participants in public relations, that are included in the subject of civil law as a branch of law. Special legal influence on the behavior of participants in relations on the provision of paid educational services by higher education institutions in Ukraine is carried out through a system of certain legal means, among which in the most general form one can distinguish: civil law norms, personalized individual acts of an autonomous nature (including contracts), personalized individual acts of a power nature (acts of application of law).
However, the said civil-law influence cannot occur automatically. In this case, a certain mechanism for carrying out civil rights should be used, the functional purpose of which is to ensure the realization of the powers that make up the content of said rights, and the fulfillment of relevant subjective duties.
It has been found that in order to characterize the mechanism of civil-law regulation of relations with the provision of paid educational services by higher education institutions in Ukraine, it is important to take into account the systemic and logical interrelations that exist between the norms of civil law enshrined in various normative legal acts. And this is directly confirmed in the current legislation, in particular in Art. 2 of the Law of Ukraine «On Higher Education», which directly states that «the legislation on higher education is based on the Constitution of Ukraine and consists of the laws of Ukraine «On Education», «On Scientific and Scientific-Technical Activities», this Law and other normative legal acts, international treaties of Ukraine concluded in the manner established by law».
It has been substantiated that all the norms of law aimed at civil-law regulation of relations with the provision of paid educational services by higher education institutions in Ukraine should not contradict the general principles of civil legislation defined in Art. 3 of the Civil Code of Ukraine, since they are the basic construction that allows civil law to function as a system of norms of law.
LEGAL NATURE OF SINGLE CASH AID IN THE CASE OF THE DEATH OF A MILITARY SERVANT
Authors: Kukhariev O. Ye.
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to the clarification of the legal nature of one-time monetary assistance in the event of the death of a serviceman, as well as the corresponding personal order regarding this assistance in the event of his death. It is a well-founded position that such assistance is not an element of the composition of the inheritance, taking into account its specific features. Thus, unlike the heirs, recipients of the aid under investigation do not acquire the duties of a deceased serviceman and are not required to notify creditors of the latter’s death. In addition, the right to receive a one-time cash benefit in the event of the death of a serviceman is exercised within three years from the date of the emergence of such a right, which is related to the date specified in the person’s death certificate. Recipients of one-time cash assistance do not coincide with the circle of heirs according to the law of the first order. It is emphasized that the terminology of inheritance law does not apply to such assistance. In particular, persons who are entitled to receive a one-time cash benefit are not named as heirs, the time of the death or death of a serviceman is not indicated as the time of the opening of the inheritance, etc.
The right to receive the researched assistance arises as a result of the person’s death, which makes inheritance impossible in this case. The essence of universal legal succession is the transfer of rights and obligations from the testator to his heirs.
It is emphasized that the one-time monetary assistance in the event of the death of a serviceman has a compensatory nature, which is aimed at materially supporting family members (parents, children, spouse) and dependents of a deceased serviceman after the loss of a loved one.
A military serviceman’s personal order to pay a one-time cash benefit to a certain person in the event of his death (death) is not a type of will. In its essence, this personal order is close to the order of a depositor of a bank (financial institution) in the event of his death, which is defined in Part 1 of Art. 1228 of the Civil Code of Ukraine.
EXCHANGE RATE VOLATILITY OF UKRAINE’S MAIN TRADING PARTNERS
Authors: Yatsenko V. O.
Published: October 2024

Ukraine, as an open economy under conditions of Russian aggression, is highly vulnerable to the import of exogenous shocks. This is embodied in exchange rate volatility and the emergence of corresponding risks. Most studies are aimed at direct, explicit, or transactional risks. They reflect the negative impact of exchange rate fluctuations on economic entities' cash flows in foreign economic activities. However, changes in currency prices can also affect the subjects oriented to the local market and not carry out operations in foreign currencies by changing competitiveness. One speaks about the indirect, implicit, or economic currency risk in this case. The latter generally arises in the event of volatility in the exchange rates of currencies of importing countries or competitors. The study is devoted to the analysis of indirect currency risks, which reflect potential adaptations of competitiveness due to changes in exchange rates. For this purpose, the currencies of the countries that account for about 80% of Ukraine's trade turnover over the last 10 years, namely the euro, Japanese yen, British pound, Swiss franc, yuan, Indian rupee, Czech krona, Polish zloty, Hungarian forint, and Turkish lira were chosen. The article aims to assess the volatility of exchange rates of Ukraine's main trading partners as a stage of analyzing economic currency risks. The paper uses statistical methods for volatility estimation and distribution characteristics, namely standard deviation, skewness, and kurtosis. The obtained results show that some currencies have a high level of asymmetry and excess, indicating possible unpredictable rate changes. The calculated indicators' generalization allows identifying currencies with relatively high and low risk. The article complements the results of previous studies, as it covers both major reserve currencies and currencies of leading countries whose markets are developing globally and in Europe. Estimates of asymmetry and excess exchange rate distributions are essential for effective currency risk management.
Barn Owls (Tyto alba Scopoli, 1769) in the Saharan Region of Algeria (Souf): Valuable Predators for Rodent Control in Agriculture
Authors: Alia Zeid , Khechekhouche El Amine , Amara Djilani Ghemam , Messaoudi Mohammed , Sekour Makhlouf
Published: October 2024

Background: Barn Owls (Tyto alba Scopoli, 1769), which are nocturnal birds of prey, play a crucial role in controlling rodent populations that damage crops. They are valuable allies for farmers because they can effectively hunt small rodents. In Algeria, the Barn Owl is represented by two subspecies, Tyto alba alba and Tyto alba guttata. Methods: This study focuses on the Barn Owls' diet in the Saharan region, specifically in the Souf region, characterized by a dry climate. The research examines the contents of the Barn Owl's reject balls, which are regurgitated, to determine their diet. Result: The study reveals that each reject ball contains 1 to 9 prey items. The researchers identified 23 prey species, with rodents being the most abundant, making up 88.3% of the diet. The most commonly found prey species in Barn Owl balls are G. gerbillus, G. campestris, M. musculus, G. nanus and G. tarabuli. Overall, the Barn Owl's diet in the Saharan region is crucial for maintaining ecosystem balance by controlling rodent populations.
Effect of Subclinical Mastitis Detected in the First Month of Lactation on the Reproductive Performance of Dairy Cows in Western Algeria
Authors: Bouamra M. , Ziane M. , Akkou M. , Bentayeb L. , Titouche Y.
Published: October 2024

Background: The current study aimed to detect in the first month of lactation the prevalence and risk factors of subclinical mastitis (SCM) and its effects on reproductive performance in dairy cows in western Algeria. Methods: 530 cows from 18 herds were examined in the study. California Mastitis Test (CMT) was used to screen subclinical mastitis for individual cows and a score of two or more for any quarter without any clinical symptoms and abnormalities in milk was considered as positive for SCM. Milk samples positive for subclinical mastitis were subjected to bacteriological analysis. Result: The present study revealed a prevalence of subclinical mastitis of 34.90%, (185 of 530). The most common pathogen identified from CMT-positive milk samples was Staphylococcus aureus with 35.62%. Logistic regression analysis showed that parity, farming system and milking method affect significantly the prevalence of SCM. Subclinical mastitis during the first month of lactation affected significantly the reproductive performance by increasing calving to first service interval (CFSI), calving-to-conception interval (CCI)and number of services per conception (NSPC). The results of this study highlight the importance of mastitis control programs in dairy farms by showing that a high frequency of subclinical mastitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus may have a negative impact on the reproductive performance of dairy cows.
Effect of Media on Lablab (Lablab purpureus var. typicus) for Yield and Quality under Soilless Vertical Farming System
Authors: Vijayalatha K.R. , Jegadeeswari V. , Sidhdharth G. , Prabhu M. , Nithyadevi A. , Padmadevi K. , Ahamed A. Sabir
Published: October 2024

Background: Lablab (Lablab purpureus var. typicus) is one of the important leguminous vegetable crops known for its highest content of protein. The area under cultivation is shrinking due to conversion of farm land into non-agricultural purposes. Under these circumstances, soilless vertical farming system is the only alternate cultivation system for increasing production of vegetables. Media play a major role in growth and yield of vegetables under soilless conditions. With this background, the present experiment was carried out to study the effect of growing media in lablab for high yield and quality under soilless vertical farming systems. Methods: Two lablab varieties viz., CO 5 (V1) and Arka Prasidhi (V2) were raised under five different media combinations viz., 100% cocopeat (M1), 50 % cocopeat + 50 % Vermicompost (M2), 50% cocopeat + 50 % FYM (M3), 50% cocopeat + 25% vermicompost + 25% FYM (M4) and Control (M5) with three replications during 2021-2022 and 2022-2023. This experiment was laid out in FCRD. The growth and yield parameters were recorded and the data was subjected to statistical analysis. Result: The experimental results revealed that both the varieties and growing media provided significant impact on growth, yield, quality and uptake of nutrients whereas dry matter content exhibited no significant impact among the different media. The pooled season data revealed that variety CO 5 observed for the overall superior performance while the media combination of 50% cocopeat + 50% Vermicompost considered superior for growth and yield characters where 50% cocopeat + 25% vermicompost + 25% FYM showed superiority for the quality parameters and uptake of nutrients.
Utilization of the Nurse Champion Model to Improve Developmentally Supportive Positioning in the NICU
Authors: Eatmon Holly , Jaggi April , Whitaker Cynthia , Scott Melissa
Published: October 2024

This evidence-based project was implemented and evaluated the impact of using the nurse champion model to increase compliance and facilitate best practices for developmental positioning in the NICU. Education provided by a newly developed nurse champion team reinforced the knowledge and skills needed to use developmental positioning. Measurements included compliance with documentation about positioning, nurse champions’ effectiveness, and intent to use the nurse champion model. Participants included twenty-five female NICU registered nurses with varying levels of experience. The focus was on nurses caring for preterm infants that were 35 weeks or less. Electronic medical record data indicated compliance with developmental positioning for the target population. A postimplementation survey indicated participants supported use of nurse champions to implement change. The nurse champion model influenced change in electronic medical record documentation of developmental positioning and support for nurse champions.
The Basics of Trauma-Informed Care in the NICU
Authors: Falke Megan
Published: October 2024

This article will define the basics of trauma, adverse childhood event scoring, and social determinants of health and how they relate to the perinatal and NICU populations. It will then apply that foundation to identify and define a trauma-informed care approach to provide improved care to the families supported in the NICU.
A búvósávok kialakítása meghatározó fontosságú a kaszálók diverz ízeltlábú-faunájának megőrzésében
Authors: Gallé Róbert , Sarok Bálint , Gallé-Szpisjak Nikolett , Dudás György , Korsoveczky Lili , Torma Attila , Szabó Márton , Madarász Enikő , Révész Kitti
Published: October 2024

A kaszálás az egyik legelterjedtebb gyepkezelési módszer Európában, mely megfelelően végezve alkalmas számos gyeptípus magas diverzitásának megőrzésére. A nagy területeken, rövid idő alatt végzett kaszálás az ízeltlábúak jelentős direkt mortalitását okozza, emellett csökkenti a gyep mikrohabitat-diverzitását, homogenizálja a mikroklimatikus viszonyokat, mely negatív hatással van az ízeltlábúakra. Kutatásunk célja, hogy a kaszálókon, részben az ízeltlábú-fauna megőrzése miatt kialakított búvósávok természetvédelmi hatékonyságát feltárjuk. Vizsgálatunk során fűháló és talajcsapdák segítségével gyűjtött mintákból faji szintig meghatároztuk az egyenesszárnyúakat, poloskákat, futóbogarakat és a pókokat. A fajszám- és abundanciaadatokat kevert lineáris modellek segítségével értékeltük. A kaszálás alól kizárt területeken jelentősen magasabb ízeltlábú-fajszámot és abundanciát mutattunk ki, mint a kaszált területeken, mely hatások a növényzeten élő, elsősorban herbivór ízeltlábúak esetén erősebbek voltak, mint a talajfelszíni ragadozók esetén. Eredményeink azt bizonyítják, hogy a kaszálatlan búvósávok magas denzitású és diverz ízeltlábú-közösségeknek adnak otthont, ezáltal kulcsfontosságú szerepet játszanak a gyepi ízeltlábúak megőrzésében.
THE PSYCHOEDUCATION OF LANGUAGE DISORDERS IN EARLY CHILDHOOD FOR PARENTS AND TEACHERS AT ECC DEWI SARTIKA MOJOKERTO
Authors: Aisyati Wardah Wuri , Ika Ayuni Nurmaulidiya  , Raisya Aulia  , Waode Syaifatul Rohmadhani  , Nur Ainy Fardana
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Based on an initial survey conducted among parents, prospective parents, and educators at ECC Dewi Sartika, Mojokerto, it was found that 19% of people did not know about language disorders in early childhood. In addition, 29.3% of respondents did not know about the impact and urgency of handling language disorders in children. A total of 36.2% of respondents did not know about the symptoms or indications of language disorders in children, and as many as 58.6% of respondents did not know about how to treat children with language disorders, especially in early childhood. The purpose of  giving psychoeducation is increasing knowledge and attitude of those directly involved in the child's growth and development process, so they can find out an overview of the development of language and speech in children.
Methods: The psychoeducation program is in the form of an interactive talk show conducted online through one of the video conference platforms. The target participants consisted of 8 teachers, 30 parents or caregivers, and 10 other parties who are directly or indirectly involved in the care and guidance of early childhood. Participants were given a pretest and post test to measure their knowledge and attitude towards language disorders in early childhood. The results obtained will be analyzed using a t-test with the Jamovi version 2.2.5 application.
Results: The difference in the mean score is 16,842 (CI95 = [∞, 14,135]), the delivery of promotive interventions in the form of psychoeducation has a significant effect on increasing knowledge and attitudes towards language disorders in early childhood (t(48) = 10,495, p=<.001 , Cohen's d=1,702).
Conclusion: This psychoeducation program is able to increase participants' understanding and attitude towards of language disorders in early childhood.
Characteristics of Sharia Crowdfunding as an Alternative to Financing the Development of the National Capital City
Authors: Dyah Ochtorina Susanti  , Aan Efendi  , Ahmad Suhaimi
Published: October 2024

This research started from the construction of the new National Capital City of the Nusantara which has not yet been completed and requires a very large budget. In this regard, a financing model is needed that can be used as an alternative financing for the development of the new National Capital City. The aim of this research is to find the characteristics of sharia crowdfunding as an alternative financing in the process of building the new National Capital City. The research method used is a normative juridical research method with a statutory and a conceptual approach. The results of this research show that there are several characteristics of sharia crowdfunding as an alternative financing for the development of the New National Capital, namely: it is only intended for halal projects and products so that it complies with sharia principles and is free from interest rates; there is fairness in the distribution of profit and loss margins using a profit-sharing system; and supervised by the Sharia Supervisory Board.
Wallimahtul Ursy as the Embryo of the Birth of Marriage Registration According to Islamic Law
Authors: Latupono Barzah
Published: October 2024

This research aims to provide an illustration that by carrying out a marriage according to Islamic religious law without going through a marriage notification at the KUA, known as nikah sirri, then making a walimah to announce the marriage shows that there are no obstacles to the marriage being carried out.This research uses normative juridical research methods using primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials as well as statutory regulations and legal concepts.The results of the research show that if the sirri marriage is carried out by the guardian as a form of announcement to the public, then the marriage is considered valid because the conditions have been fulfilled and are in harmony and can be published which can be interpreted as a form of recording. because previously there was no institution for marriage registration. Walimah shows that a valid marriage has been carried out according to Islamic law, so that there are no longer any obstacles to the marriage. The function of recording according to state law is for everyone to know and serve as evidence for the parties. Making a walimah means wanting to announce the marriage and provide evidence to the public and government that a valid marriage has been carried out so that it can be reported administratively for recording.
Lethal Autonomous Weapon Systems and Automation Bias
Authors: Güneysu Gökhan
Published: October 2024

Autonomy in weapon systems is already a genuine concern. States try to come up with their own definitions of these systems and pay utmost effort to impose their own understanding of these systems upon other states. For a fairly high number of states barring a total ban on such weapons would be the ideal solution; however, such states that are anxious about the increase in autonomy in war-making capabilities, as adopts a second-best scenario to contain risks created by the deployment of such systems. To this end, placing them under meaningful human control emerges as an important political and legal objective. The author believes that placing autonomous weapons under human supervision, despite its initial promise, will yield negative results. This is due to the fact that humans tend rather to be too willing to follow the solutions generated by autonomous systems. First observed in other industries of civilian nature like aviation or health, automation bias has the potential to negate  most if not all of supervision measures expected to ensure proper implementation of international humanitarian law.
E-Commerce Fake Reviews Detection Using LSTM with Word2Vec Embedding
Authors: Raheem Mafas , Chong Yi Chien
Published: October 2024

Customer reviews inform potential buyers' decisions, but fake reviews in e-commerce can skew perceptions as customers may feel pressured to leave positive feedback. Detecting fake reviews in e-commerce platforms is a critical challenge, impacting online shopping and deceiving customers. Effective detection strategies, employing deep learning architectures and word embeddings, are essential to combat this issue. Specifically, the study presented in this paper employed a 1-layer Simple LSTM model, a 1D Convolutional model, and a combined CNN+LSTM model. These models were trained using different pre-trained word embeddings including Word2Vec, GloVe, FastText, and Keras embeddings, to convert the text data into vector form. The models were evaluated based on accuracy and F1-score to provide a comprehensive measure of their performance. The results indicated that the Simple LSTM model with Word2Vec embeddings achieved an accuracy of nearly 91% and an F1-score of 0.9024, outperforming all other model-embedding combinations. The 1D convolutional model performed best without any embeddings, suggesting its ability to extract meaningful features from the raw text. The transformer-based models, BERT and DistilBERT, showed progressive learning but struggled with generalization, indicating the need for strategies such as early stopping, dropout, or regularization to prevent overfitting. Notably, the DistilBERT model consistently outperformed the LSTM model, achieving optimal performance with an accuracy of 96% and an F1-score of 0.9639 using a batch size of 32 and a learning rate of 4.00E-05.
Network Intrusion Detection Based on Convolutional Recurrent Neural Network, Random Forest, and Federated Learning
Authors: Zou Qianying , Li Yushi , Jiang Xinyue , Zan Yuepeng , Liu Fengyu
Published: October 2024

This paper presents a novel network intrusion detection framework that combines convolutional recurrent neural networks (CRNN) and random forest (RF) models within a federated learning setting. The proposed approach aims to address the challenges of data privacy, computational efficiency, and model generalization in traditional network intrusion detection methods. By leveraging the spatial feature extraction capabilities of CRNN and the feature selection and noise reduction properties of RF, the framework enhances the accuracy and robustness of attack detection. The integration of federated learning enables collaborative model training without compromising data privacy. Extensive experiments on benchmark datasets demonstrate the superiority of the proposed method compared to state-of-the-art techniques, achieving high performance metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall, F1 score, and AUC. The proposed framework offers a promising solution for secure and efficient network intrusion detection in real-world scenarios, contributing to the advancement of cybersecurity practices.
Multidimensional Curriculum Development and Management Model for Pesantren: A Strategic Approach to Counteract Radicalism
Authors: Ghazali Raisul Umam
Published: October 2024

Amid the threat of radicalism and terrorism in Indonesia, Islamic boarding schools are often viewed as breeding grounds for radical groups. This study examines the multidimensional approach in the curriculum of Pondok Pesantren Darul Ishlah Tulang Bawang, Indonesia, to counter radicalism. A case study design involving in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation was employed for this study. The results of this study indicate the need for the integration of moderate values in the pesantren curriculum and activities. This included the enrichment of materials related to life skills. This study also underlines the importance of professionalism in the development of pesantren management through public involvement and technology integration. In addition, regulatory strengthening, government supervision, and cooperation between pesantrens and related institutions are other substantial findings of the study. This multidimensional approach is relevant to prevent pesantrens from becoming hotbeds of radicalism. This encourages the generation of peace agents. A detailed elaboration of efforts to prevent radicalism and terrorism in Indonesia through the pesantren curriculum and management is provided in the study.
Counseling in Indonesian Education: Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Muttaqin Mohammad Izdiyan , Sofiandari Hesty
Published: October 2024

Counselling is an important element in education that functions to help students develop mental, emotional, learning skills, and future career development. This article aims to discover the concept of counselling guidance in Indonesian education. Systematic Literature Review is conducted to find references relevant to the research theme. Of the 100 articles that were successfully accessed through the Open Knowledge Maps data bank, nine articles were selected and analysed manually. The selected articles were divided into three groups: a cluster of religion and culture-based counselling, a cluster of procunialism and management in counselling, and a cluster of alternative methods in counselling. The results of this study show that counselling guidance in Indonesian education has strong relationship with cultural and religious values in which counselling guidance can be done by friends, upperclassmen, parents or teachers, and can be done with a variety of different methods. This article provides an overview of the development of the literature on counselling guidance in education in Indonesia in recent times.
Implementation of HOTS-based Instructions in Pesantren: A Case Study in Pondok Modern Tazakka Batang
Authors: As Shidqi Hakim , Akbar Rohul , Kuswoyo Thony , Rokhib Zainur , Musta'in Muhamad Ari , Fahturohman Arizal , Hidayat Ferry
Published: October 2024

The development of Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) in students at Islamic boarding schools (pesantren) is crucial due to their numerous advantages, such as the capacity to tackle social, scientific, and practical problems with effectiveness. Whether or not Pondok Modern Tazakka successfully integrated the use of HOTS questions in exams is the goal of this study. Through the application of descriptive phenomenological research methods and data collection techniques, including the tabulation of 132 test sheets in 44 subjects tested on KMI Class 6 students and interviews with 62 teachers in 8 subjects, it was discovered that 8 subjects exhibited no HOTS questions at all (19%), 6 subjects exhibited a decreasing number of HOTS questions (14%), 19 subjects exhibited a sharp increase in HOTS questions (45%), and 9 subjects exhibited a constant number of HOTS questions. The study's findings also demonstrate that, as long as supervisors (senior teachers) take a more proactive approach to giving junior teachers comprehensive training and ensure that all exam questions in each subject are HOTS exam questions, it is possible to guarantee that all exam questions will contain HOTS.
Biophysics of ACL Injuries
Authors: Kacprzak Bartłomiej , Stańczak Mikołaj , Surmacz Jakub
Published: October 2024

Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) injuries rank among the most prevalent and severe types of injuries, significantly impacting both athletes and non-athletes alike. These injuries not only result in immediate physical impairment, such as intense pain, substantial swelling, and a marked loss of mobility, but also carry long-term health consequences that can alter a person's quality of life. Chronic pain, persistent instability, and an increased risk of developing osteoarthritis are among the lasting effects that can follow an ACL injury. An in-depth understanding of the biophysics behind ACL injuries is paramount for devising effective prevention and treatment protocols. Biophysics, which combines principles from physics with biological systems, provides crucial insights into the mechanical and structural integrity of the ACL and its susceptibility to injury under various conditions. This systematic review aims to collate and synthesize the current knowledge surrounding the biophysical mechanisms that underlie ACL injuries.
The review encompasses a range of factors, including the biomechanical forces that place stress on the ligament, anatomical structures that may predispose individuals to injury, and physiological conditions that affect ligament health and resilience. Each of these factors plays a crucial role in the incidence and severity of ACL injuries. Biomechanical forces, for example, can involve sudden changes in direction or impact during physical activity, leading to excessive stress on the ACL. Anatomical factors might include variations in bone structure or ligament alignment that inherently increase the risk of injury. Additionally, physiological conditions such as muscle strength, flexibility, and overall ligament health can influence the likelihood and extent of an ACL injury.
The findings of this review underscore the necessity of adopting integrated approaches in both injury prevention and rehabilitation. Such approaches must consider the multifaceted nature of ACL injuries, involving not only mechanical and anatomical aspects but also physiological and possibly even genetic factors. By emphasizing a multi-faceted understanding, interventions can be more effectively tailored to address the complex interplay of elements that contribute to ACL injuries. This holistic approach can lead to better outcomes for those at risk of or recovering from ACL injuries, enhancing the efficacy of prevention strategies and rehabilitation protocols.
Impact of Underlying Chronic Medical Conditions on COVID-19 Outcomes among People Living with HIV: A Retrospective Analysis from the Minnesota Fairview Network
Authors: Aremu Taiwo Opeyemi , Yang Kaifeng , Lu Han , Oluwole Oluwatosin Esther , Adeyinka Kehinde Oluwatosin
Published: October 2024

(1) Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has raised concerns about the impact of underlying medical conditions on the health outcomes of people living with HIV (PLWH). This study aimed to assess how pre-existing chronic medical conditions affect the health outcomes of PLWH infected with COVID-19. (2) Methods: A retrospective study using data from the Minnesota Fairview network (January 1, 2020 - December 31, 2022) was conducted. Fisher’s Exact Test, Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test, and ordinal logistic regressions with Benjamini-Hochberg (BH) adjustment on p-values were used to assess the influence of chronic conditions on COVID-19 severity, adjusting for age and gender. (3) Results: Among 216 records, significant associations were found for stroke, chronic kidney disease, lung disease, and neurologic conditions (p<0.05). Type 1 diabetes was marginally significant (0.05<p<0.1). After adjusting for age and sex, stroke (p=0.0008, BH-adjusted p=0.0044) and chronic kidney disease (p=0.0003, BH-adjusted p=0.0033) significantly increased the risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes. (4) Conclusions: Pre-existing medical conditions should be considered in the clinical management and public health interventions for PLWH with COVID-19. Tailored strategies are essential to mitigate the higher risk of severe outcomes in PLWH with specific chronic comorbidities.
Public Emotional Response and Theme Mining of Emerging Technologies: An Empirical Study Based on the "RoboTaxi" Autonomous Driving Platform
Authors: Jiang Jilin , Wang Kefeng
Published: October 2024

With the rapid advancement of artificial intelligence and autonomous driving technology, plat-forms like Baidu's "RoboTaxi" are emerging as key innovations in smart transportation. However, concerns about public acceptance, risk perception, and the maturity of this technology continue to hinder widespread adoption. This study investigates user responses to the "RoboTaxi" platform by analyzing 9,235 comments collected from the Douyin platform. Using Python’s automated web crawling for data collection, we employed the BERTopic model for core theme identification and the RoBERTa model for sentiment classification. The results reveal significant emotional dy-namics, with 70.3% of comments expressing negative emotions, mainly due to safety concerns and accountability issues, and 21.6% reflecting positive sentiments related to innovation and fu-ture potential. Four main themes were identified: societal impacts, safety and responsibility, prac-ticality and design, and economic benefits. These findings offer important insights for improving public trust, optimizing platform operations, and guiding future strategies for the successful pro-motion of autonomous driving technology.
Assessment of the Quality of Soil and Environmental Impact for Netrokona Sadar in Mymensingh Using Satellite Imaging and Soil Mapping with GIS
Authors: Rahman MD Rafiur , Mamun Md Mohiuddin
Published: October 2024

Netrokona is a district of the Mymensingh division in northern Bangladesh. In this study, we analyze the soil profile in Netrokona Sadar using digital soil mapping and land formation using the satellite image technique. This study also analyzes the soil profile using remote sensing data of 4 different points in selected area. The main focus of the study is analyzing the soil profile for the structural compatibility and environmental impact for that. After analyzing the soil we found that the soil of that area is mainly clay loam and clayey loam and the soil contains low coarse fragement which is 5.6-8% but we need al least 15-30% coarse fragement in the soil. The soil of this area needs good management to improve its drainage and bearing capacity.
NAADISASYA: An Ayurinformatic Study on Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s Diseases
Authors: Naisam Shahanas , Mohan Aswin , S S Gayathri , V S Vidhya , V S Viji , Sreekumar Nidhin
Published: October 2024

Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) are the most prevalent and irreversible neurological disorders that primarily affect the aged population. These conditions lead to disability and mortality as there is currently no medication for a complete cure. Existing drugs only provide symptomatic relief of the disease. Inhibition of Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and Butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) will reduce the hydroxylation of Acetylcholine, a molecule possessing a significant role in the neurotransmission pathways and is accounted as a remedial objective for the treatment of AD and PD. This study aimed to identify potent lead molecules from plants that could inhibit AChE and BuChE. We employed molecular docking, molecular dynamic simulation, and MMPBSA approaches to screen and evaluate potential compounds. The docking results were analysed based on binding affinity and hydrogen bond interactions at the active-site residues of the targets. From the analysis, four phytocompounds - Tricetin, Luteolin, Withasomniferol C, and Withanolide were identified as potential hits. These compounds demonstrated strong binding affinities of -8.49, -9.85, -25.26, and -24.1 kcal/mol, respectively. The significant binding affinity suggests that these compounds may effectively inhibit the activity of AChE and BuChE, potentially leading to therapeutic benefits for AD and PD. However, further in-vitro analysis is recommended to validate the activity of these compounds. In-vitro experiments will provide a better understanding of their efficacy, safety, and potential as drug candidates for treating AD and PD.
The Impact of the COVID 19 pandemic on Surgical Case Volumes on a Safety Net Teaching Hospital in New York City
Authors: Sorab Priya , Parise Michael , Kaufman Alexander , Kirsch David , Saffra Norman
Published: October 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic led to cancellation of elective surgeries, leading to decreased surgical volume and training for residents. This effect was pronounced in medically underserved areas, such as Far Rockaway, New York. The goal of this study was to understand the impact of the pandemic on surgical volumes at St. John’s Episcopal Hospital, a safety net hospital serving Far Rockaway. Operating Room Data, containing surgical volumes for Ophthalmology and five other surgical branches from January 2018 through February 2022, was analyzed between four waves of the pandemic. For each field, average surgery case counts between the waves were compared using two-tailed t-test. In several fields, there were significant drops in surgical volume between the pre-covid era and the first wave. Ophthalmology cases fell by 29.7% (p
Binding of MAP3773c Protein of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in the Mouse Ferroportin1 Coding Region
Authors: Landeros Sanchez Bertha , Dueñas Mena Dulce Liliana , Gutierrez-Pabello Jose Angel , Quintero Chavez Kaina , Brito Perea Mirna Del Carmen , Diaz Padilla Dania Melissa , Cortéz Hernández Omar , Chávez-Méndez José Román , Alcala Zacarias Jocelyn Marcela , Vela Sancho Giselle Berenice
Published: October 2024

(1) Background: Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) is a bacterium that causes paratuberculosis disease. One of its proteins, MAP3773c, is involved in iron metabolism and acts as a transcription factor. Our goal is to investigate the binding of the MAP3773c protein in 2 sites of the chromatin of the ferroportin1 gene of mouse macrophages J774 A.1. (2) Methods: We performed a sequence alignment, then a docking, then EMSA to analyze in vitro the binding of MAP3773c, then we performed the cloning of map3773c in pCDNA3.1 to perform transfection in macrophages, then we performed the expression by Western blotting and PCR in real time then a CHiP of transfected macrophages. (3) Results: Our results showed in silico that MAP3773c binds to two boxes in the FPN1 coding sequence, by EMSA, MAP3773c is glued at 2 sites: EBOX and MBOX, equally with iron, zinc or EDTA. In CHiP, we also determined the binding of MAP3773c in the chromatin of FPN1 by PCR amplifying the chromatin fragment. (4) Conclusions: Our in silico, in vitro and in vivo study showed that MAP3773c binds to FPN1. Overall, our study provides information on the role of MAP3773c and its effect on host iron transport.
The Importance of Early Detection and Prevention of Atypical Skin Lesions and Another Risk Factors in a Younger Population
Authors: Karp Paulina , Karp Katarzyna , Kądziela Marcelina , Zajdler Radosław , Żebrowska Agnieszka
Published: October 2024

Background/Objectives: Skin cancer is becoming increasingly common due to increasing risk factors such as excessive UV radiation, genetic predisposition, fair skin, and a history of sunburn. Melanoma accounts for only 1% of cases but causes the majority of skin cancer deaths. Dysplastic nevi (DN) are important precursors of melanoma. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of these risk factors on the pathogenesis, incidence, and stage of skin cancer.; Methods: The study included 591 patients aged 18 to 64 who visited the Clinic in 2022–2023 for skin examinations. Each patient completed a questionnaire regarding the risk factors for melanoma and atypical melanocytic nevi and then underwent a dermatoscopic examination of the whole body using a digital videodermatoscope. Statistical analysis of the collected data was performed.; Results: Dermatoscopic examination revealed a lesion suggestive of melanoma in 1,69% of the patients. Risk factors for developing melanoma included male gender, family history of melanoma, number of skin moles, sunburns in childhood, sun-dependent hobby, using tanning bed, using cream with low SPF, not avoiding sun exposure and co-occurrence of actinic keratosis.; Conclusions: Risk factors for melanoma and dysplastic nevi are still common among patients, but the situation has been improving over the years. Early intervention and education on sun safety can play pivotal roles in reducing the incidence of atypical moles and potentially preventing malignant transformations. Keywords: dysplastic nevum; melanoma; risk factors; dermoscopy; prevention
Challenges in Teaching Practices in Science Education at the University Level
Authors: Malik Abdul
Published: October 2024

This study explores the challenges faced by science educators at the university level, with a focus on teaching practices and classroom management. A total of 100 faculty members, including Associate Professors, Professors, and Heads of Departments, were surveyed to gather insights. Data was collected using a two-point rating scale, examining three core areas: the future challenges in higher education, teaching methodologies, and effective classroom management. Key findings from the study highlight several pressing concerns. Financial burdens, including high tuition costs, continue to create barriers to access for students, while systemic issues hinder equitable opportunities in higher education. The study also identified the need for ongoing professional development for faculty to keep pace with evolving teaching methodologies, particularly in science education. Additionally, the increasing integration of AI tools into academic environments has raised concerns about maintaining academic integrity. Other challenges identified include the difficulties in transitioning to online or hybrid teaching formats, especially in the context of science education, and the growing reliance on adjunct faculty, which can impact the continuity and quality of instruction. The study concludes with recommendations aimed at addressing these challenges, emphasizing the importance of institutional support and faculty training to strengthen teaching practices, enhance classroom management, and adapt to the rapidly changing landscape of higher education.
Effects of Basal Division of Posterior Pallial Amygdala on the Motor Behaviors in Pigeons Based on Transcriptome Analysis
Authors: Tian Xinmao , Wang Zishi , Yi Chunzhi , Shi Yuhua , Jia Chongchong , Li Xiujuan , Jiang Feng , Wang Zhenlong
Published: October 2024

The basal division of posterior pallial amygdala (PoAb) was one important part of the amygdala in birds. PoAb mainly mediated turning behavior. However, the regulating neuromechanisms of PoAb in motor behavior was not clear yet. In this study, we selected septalis lateralis (SL) as the stimulated nucleus because it was closely associated with PoAb and had clear neuroregulatory functions, and the unrelated nuclei (entopallium) and unstimulated blank treatment (CK) selected as controls. A total of 622 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained from PoAb after comparing the SL stimulating group with the CK control group. GO functional annotation and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that the upregulated 608 DEGs mainly involved energy supply and fluid balance. A total of 345 DEGs were obtained when comparing SL stimulation group and entopallium stimulation group. The upregulated 187 DEGs were mainly involved in cell communication and signal transductions. The study indicated that PoAb may modulate motor behaviour mainly by increasing ATP production and facilitating synaptic transmission, in which genes such as SMAD3, TMED3, GRIA2, HTR1B and SNCG play an important role. We revealed the neuromechanisms of brain regulation behaviour from gene level, and provided the theoretical foundation for understanding the avian brain.