bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
3D printed Ti3C2@Polymer based artificial forest for autonomous water harvesting system
Authors: Vaghasiya Jayraj V. , Sonigara Keval K. , Mayorga-Martinez Carmen C. , Pumera Martin
Published: September 2024

The escalating scarcity of freshwater resources presents significant challenges to global sustainability, demanding innovative solutions by integrating cutting-edge materials and technologies. Here we introduce an autonomous artificial forest (3D AF) for continuous freshwater acquisition. This system features a three-dimensional (3D) architecture incorporating a carbon nanofiber (CNF) network and MXene@polypyrrole (Ti3C2@PPy), enhancing surface area, light absorption, heat distribution, and surface wettability to improve solar vapor generation and fog collection efficiency. The autonomous operation is facilitated by an integrated photothermal actuator that adjusts to the day and night conditions. During daylight, the 3D AF tilts downward to maximize solar exposure for water evaporation, while at night, it self-adjusts to optimize fog particle collection. Notably, our device demonstrates the ability to harvest over 5.5 L m−2 of freshwater daily outdoors. This study showcases the potential of integrating advanced materials and technologies to address pressing global freshwater challenges, paving the way for future innovations in water harvesting.
Chromosomal-level reference genome assembly of muskox (Ovibos moschatus) from Banks Island in the Canadian Arctic, a resource for conservation genomics
Authors: Lok Si , Lau Timothy N. H. , Trost Brett , Tong Amy H. Y. , Paton Tara , Wintle Richard F. , Engstrom Mark D. , Gunn Anne , Scherer Stephen W.
Published: September 2024

The muskox (Ovibos moschatus), an integral component and iconic symbol of arctic biocultural diversity, is under threat by rapid environmental disruptions from climate change. We report a chromosomal-level haploid genome assembly of a muskox from Banks Island in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. The assembly has a contig N50 of 44.7 Mbp, a scaffold N50 of 112.3 Mbp, a complete representation (100%) of the BUSCO v5.2.2 set of 9225 mammalian marker genes and is anchored to the 24 chromosomes of the muskox. Tabulation of heterozygous single nucleotide variants in our specimen revealed a very low level of genetic diversity, which is consistent with recent reports of the muskox having the lowest genome-wide heterozygosity among the ungulates. While muskox populations are currently showing no overt signs of inbreeding depression, environmental disruptions are expected to strain the genomic resilience of the species. One notable impact of rapid climate change in the Arctic is the spread of emerging infectious and parasitic diseases in the muskox, as exemplified by the range expansion of muskox lungworms, and the recent fatal outbreaks of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae, a pathogen normally associated with domestic swine and poultry. As a genomics resource for conservation management of the muskox against existing and emerging disease modalities, we annotated the genes of the major histocompatibility complex on chromosome 2 and performed an initial assessment of the genetic diversity of this complex. This resource is further supported by the annotation of the principal genes of the innate immunity system, genes that are rapidly evolving and under positive selection in the muskox, genes associated with environmental adaptations, and the genes associated with socioeconomic benefits for Arctic communities such as wool (qiviut) attributes. These annotations will benefit muskox management and conservation.
Progressive cervical cord atrophy parallels cognitive decline in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Emmenegger Tim M. , Seiler Raoul , Unschuld Paul G. , Freund Patrick , Klohs Jan ,   for the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: September 2024

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by progressive episodic memory dysfunction. A prominent hallmark of AD is gradual brain atrophy. Despite extensive research on brain pathology, the understanding of spinal cord pathology in AD and its association with cognitive decline remains understudied. We analyzed serial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans from the ADNI data repository to assess whether progressive cord atrophy is associated with clinical worsening. Cervical cord morphometry was measured in 45 patients and 49 cognitively normal controls (CN) at two time points over 1.5 years. Regression analysis examined associations between cord atrophy rate and cognitive worsening. Cognitive and functional activity performance declined in patients during follow-up. Compared with controls, patients showed a greater rate of decline of the anterior–posterior width of the cross-sectional cord area per month (− 0.12%, p = 0.036). Worsening in the mini-mental state examination (MMSE), clinical dementia rating (CDR), and functional assessment questionnaire (FAQ) was associated with faster rates of cord atrophy (MMSE: r = 0.320, p = 0.037; CDR: r = − 0.361, p = 0.017; FAQ: r = − 0.398, p = 0.029). Progressive cord atrophy occurs in AD patients; its rate over time being associated with cognitive and functional activity decline.
Mint/X11 PDZ domains from non-bilaterian animals recognize and bind CaV2 calcium channel C-termini in vitro
Authors: Harracksingh Alicia N. , Singh Anhadvir , Mayorova Tatiana D. , Bejoy Brian , Hornbeck Jillian , Elkhatib Wassim , McEdwards Gregor , Gauberg Julia , Taha Abdul , Islam Ishrat Maliha , Erclik Ted , Currie Mark A. , Noyes Marcus , Senatore Adriano
Published: September 2024

PDZ domain mediated interactions with voltage-gated calcium (CaV) channel C-termini play important roles in localizing membrane Ca2+ signaling. The first such interaction was described between the scaffolding protein Mint-1 and CaV2.2 in mammals. In this study, we show through various in silico analyses that Mint is an animal-specific gene with a highly divergent N-terminus but a strongly conserved C-terminus comprised of a phosphotyrosine binding domain, two tandem PDZ domains (PDZ-1 and PDZ-2), and a C-terminal auto-inhibitory element that binds and inhibits PDZ-1. In addition to CaV2 chanels, most genes that interact with Mint are also deeply conserved including amyloid precursor proteins, presenilins, neurexin, and CASK and Veli which form a tripartite complex with Mint in bilaterians. Through yeast and bacterial 2-hybrid experiments, we show that Mint and CaV2 channels from cnidarians and placozoans interact in vitro, and in situ hybridization revealed co-expression in dissociated neurons from the cnidarian Nematostella vectensis. Unexpectedly, the Mint orthologue from the ctenophore Hormiphora californiensis strongly bound the divergent C-terminal ligands of cnidarian and placozoan CaV2 channels, despite neither the ctenophore Mint, nor the placozoan and cnidarian orthologues, binding the ctenophore CaV2 channel C-terminus. Altogether, our analyses suggest that the capacity of Mint to bind CaV2 channels predates bilaterian animals, and that evolutionary changes in CaV2 channel C-terminal sequences resulted in altered binding modalities with Mint.
Application of testicular organ culture system for the evaluation of spermatogenesis impairment
Authors: Nakagiri Hideaki , Ogawa Takehiko , Ikeda Naohiro , Terasaka Shimpei , Nukada Yuko , Miyazawa Masaaki
Published: September 2024

Recently, it was reported that a testicular organ culture system (TOCS) using polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) chips with excellent oxygen permeability and biocompatibility, called the PDMS-chip ceiling (PC) method, enables improved spermatogenesis efficiency. We investigated whether this PC method is useful for detecting impaired spermatogenesis caused by busulfan (Bu), a typical testicular toxicant. In this study, testicular tissue fragments from Acro3-EGFP mice, which express the green fluorescent protein (GFP) and reflect the progression of spermatogenesis, were subjected to the PC method. When treated with Bu, cultured tissues shrank in volume, and their GFP-expressing area decreased or disappeared. Histological examination confirmed the regression of spermatogenesis. In addition, immunohistochemical examination revealed that spermatogonia, including spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs), were the primary targets of Bu toxicity. Time-course analysis demonstrated that the recovery of spermatogenesis, dependent on Bu concentration, correlated closely with the severity of damage to these target cells. These results suggest that the PC method is a useful approach for detecting spermatogenesis impairment accurately through faithful recapitulation of spermatogenesis in vivo.
Culture shapes how we describe facial expressions
Authors: Wnuk Ewelina , Wodowski Jan
Published: September 2024

From Darwin through Wittgenstein to contemporary scientific investigations, it has been argued humans tend to view facial expressions through a mentalistic lens. According to this view, when looking at someone’s expressive face, we see emotion and are unable to describe the face in behavioral terms, i.e., name the details of facial movements. At the same time, however, a growing body of work shows cultures in fact differ in the degree of importance they attribute to mental states and willingness to discuss them. Is this variation reflected in the linguistic coding of facial expressions? To explore this, we conducted two facial expression naming tasks targeting mental states and facial movements with speakers of Maniq (Austroasiatic, Thailand) and Polish (Indo-European, Poland), representing highly diverse linguistic and cultural settings. We found that, while Polish speakers conformed with the predicted orientation towards mental states, this did not hold for Maniq speakers. The Maniq were instead oriented towards behavioral aspects of faces, naming them more frequently, more precisely, and with higher consensus, compared to the Polish. These differences are carved into the Maniq and Polish lexicons, suggesting diverse cultures exhibit differential specialization in verbalizing expressive faces.
A detailed analysis of body composition in relation to cardiopulmonary exercise test indices
Authors: Karlsson Per , Strand Robin , Kullberg Joel , Michaëlsson Karl , Ahlström Håkan , Lind Lars , Malinovschi Andrei
Published: September 2024

A cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) is a test assessing an individual’s physiological response during exercise. Results may be affected by body composition, which is best evaluated through imaging techniques like magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The aim of this study was to assess relationships between body composition and indices obtained from CPET. A total of 234 participants (112 female), all aged 50 years, underwent CPETs and whole-body MRI scans (> 1 million voxels). Voxel-wise statistical analysis of tissue volume and fat content was carried out with a method called Imiomics and related to the CPET indices peak oxygen consumption (V̇O2peak), V̇O2peak scaled by body weight (V̇O2kg) and by total lean mass (V̇O2lean), ventilatory efficiency (V̇E/V̇CO2-slope), work efficiency (ΔV̇O2/ΔWR) and peak exercise respiratory exchange ratio (RERpeak). V̇O2peak showed the highest positive correlation with volume of skeletal muscle. V̇O2kg negatively correlated with tissue volume in subcutaneous fat, particularly gluteal fat. RERpeak negatively correlated with tissue volume in skeletal muscle, subcutaneous fat, visceral fat and liver. Some associations differed between sexes: in females ΔV̇O2/ΔWR correlated positively with tissue volume of subcutaneous fat and V̇E/V̇CO2-slope with tissue volume of visceral fat, and, in males, V̇O2peak correlated positively to lung volume. In conclusion, voxel-based Imiomics provided detailed insights into how CPET indices were related to the tissue volume and fat content of different body structures.
Perceptions of carbon dioxide emission reductions and future warming among climate experts
Authors: Wynes Seth , Davis Steven J. , Dickau Mitchell , Ly Susan , Maibach Edward , Rogelj Joeri , Zickfeld Kirsten , Matthews H. Damon
Published: September 2024

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) employs emission scenarios to explore a range of future climate outcomes but refrains from assigning probabilities to individual scenarios. However, IPCC authors have their own views on the likelihood of different climate outcomes, which are valuable to understand because authors possess both expert insight and considerable influence. Here we report the results of a survey of 211 IPCC authors about the likelihood of four key climate outcomes. We found that most authors are skeptical that warming will be limited to the Paris targets of well below 2 °C, but are more optimistic that net zero CO2 emissions will be reached during the second half of this century. When asked about the beliefs of their peers, author responses showed strong correlations between personal and peer beliefs, suggesting that participants with extreme beliefs perceive their own estimates as closer to the community average than they actually are.
The motive cocktail in altruistic behaviors
Authors: Wu Xiaoyan , Ren Xiangjuan , Liu Chao , Zhang Hang
Published: September 2024

Prosocial motives such as social equality and efficiency are key to altruistic behaviors. However, predicting the range of altruistic behaviors in varying contexts and individuals proves challenging if we limit ourselves to one or two motives. Here we demonstrate the numerous, interdependent motives in altruistic behaviors and the possibility to disentangle them through behavioral experimental data and computational modeling. In one laboratory experiment (N = 157) and one preregistered online replication (N = 1,258), across 100 different situations, we found that both third-party punishment and third-party helping behaviors (that is, an unaffected individual punishes the transgressor or helps the victim) aligned best with a model of seven socioeconomic motives, referred to as a motive cocktail. For instance, the inequality discounting motives imply that individuals, when confronted with costly interventions, behave as if the inequality between others barely exists. The motive cocktail model also provides a unified explanation for the differences in intervention willingness between second parties (victims) and third parties, and between punishment and helping.
Ultra-sensitive Detection of Magnetic Nanoparticles by Giant Magnetoimpedance Effect
Authors: Beato-López J. J.
Published: September 2024

A revision of the giant magnetoimpedance (GMI)-based ultra-sensitive detectors of magnetic nanoparticles is addressed. Initially, the general structure and the factors that determine the performance of the ultra-sensitive detector are introduced. Then, the principles behind the GMI effect and the most common materials and geometries used in the sensor development are presented. Based on the previous framework, a brief discussion of the interaction established between the magnetic response of the magnetic nanoparticles (stray field) and the GMI sensing elements is carried out. A perspective on the optimization process of the GMI sensing elements toward the ultra-sensitive detection is provided. For this, a progressive outline from the pioneering works to some of the most sensitive reported detectors is provided. Finally, some new strategies to enhance the detection capacity of the proposed devices are pointed out.
Field–Particle Interaction: A Key Lever for Modern Applications of Magnetic Nanoparticles
Authors: Makridis Antonios , Maniotis Nikolaos , Simeonidis Konstantinos
Published: September 2024

In recent years, the combined implementation of magnetic fields and magnetic nanoparticles has emerged as a promising approach for advancing modern technological and biomedical applications, revolutionizing the fields of handling, diagnosis, and therapy. This chapter delves into the remarkable potential of this multidisciplinary field, aiming to elucidate how targeted modality and specific parameters of magnetic fields and particles can be finely tuned to achieve optimal outcomes and foster significant advancements in diverse domains. Throughout this chapter, critical insights will be provided on the most effective ways to harness the magneto-mechanical actuation of magnetic nanoparticles. This burgeoning low-frequency field approach is rapidly gaining momentum due to its non-invasive nature and potential for remote-controlled manipulation, which holds immense potential for revolutionizing therapeutic interventions and fostering breakthroughs in fields such as cancer treatment, neurology, and regenerative medicine. The review will underscore the significance of tailoring magnetic field and particle parameters based on targeted applications, acknowledging that the optimal conditions for diagnostics may differ from those of therapeutic treatments. The interplay of various factors, such as magnetic field strength, particle size, and surface functionalization, will be meticulously explored to illuminate the underlying principles governing successful outcomes in each application.
Development of gold nanoparticle-based lateral-flow strips for NGAL protein detection in urine samples
Authors: Tunakhun Paweena , Ngernpimai Sawinee , Tippayawat Patcharaporn , Choowongkomon Kiattawee , Anutrakulchai Sirirat , Charoensri Nicha , Tavichakorntrakool Ratree , Daduang Sakda , Srichaiyapol Oranee , Maraming Pornsuda , Boonsiri Patcharee , Daduang Jureerut
Published: September 2024

This study focuses on enhancing the sensitivity of lateral-flow strips (LFSs) based on gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) for the detection of Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin (NGAL) protein in urine samples.
Multiscale modelling of CO2 hydrogenation of TiO2-supported Ni8 clusters: on the influence of anatase and rutile polymorphs
Authors: Chen Lulu , Ye Ying-Ying , Krösschell Rozemarijn D. E. , Hensen Emiel J. M. , Filot Ivo A. W.
Published: September 2024

The selection of TiO2 phase, whether anatase or rutile, for supporting small Ni clusters significantly influences the activity and selectivity in CO2 hydrogenation to methane.
Characterization of the interindividual variability of lutein and zeaxanthin concentrations in the adipose tissue of healthy male adults and identification of combinations of genetic variants associated with it
Authors: Zumaraga Mark Pretzel , Desmarchelier Charles , Gleize Beatrice , Nowicki Marion , Ould-Ali Djaffar , Borel Patrick
Published: September 2024

This study aimed to characterize the concentrations of lutein and zeaxanthin in human adipose tissue, evaluate interindividual variation and investigate potential genetic associations.
Flaxseed oil attenuates PFOS-induced testicular damage by regulating RNA alternative splicing
Authors: Ren Jingyi , Liu Jiarui , Zuo Jinshi , Zhang Zhenao , Huang Dan , Liu Xuanyi , Lu Miaomiao , Zhang Yadong , Su Yang , Ma Yuxia
Published: September 2024

Dietary FO supplementation is an effective strategy for preventing the adverse effects of PFOS on the testes.
Characteristics of Ag-doped LaMnO3 perovskite oxide and its application as a solid oxide fuel cell cathode
Authors: Takamatsu Akihiro , Oishi Masatsugu , Goda Shinpei , Takemura Hiroki , Mitsushio Konosuke , Sugano Satoshi , Yamamoto Takashi , Ina Toshiaki , Kishimoto Haruo , Sakai Takaaki
Published: September 2024

Ag-doped LaMnO3 perovskite oxides were evaluated as new cathode materials for solid oxide fuel cells. Stable power generation properties were obtained, which indicated that the Ag acceptor was stable and was compatible with the YSZ electrolyte.
Advancements in MXenes and mechanochemistry: exploring new horizons and future applications
Authors: Iravani Siavash , Zarepour Atefeh , Nazarzadeh Zare Ehsan , Makvandi Pooyan , Khosravi Arezoo , Varma Rajender S. , Zarrabi Ali
Published: September 2024

This article highlights the significant advancements in MXenes and mechanochemistry, emphasizing the potential of mechanochemical techniques to tailor the properties of MXenes.
A naphthalene–phenanthro[9,10-d]imidazole-based π-conjugated molecule with a self-assembly-induced tuneable multiple fluorescence output exhibits artificial light-harvesting properties
Authors: Rana Priya , Siva Mallayasamy , Lo Rabindranath , Das Priyadip
Published: September 2024

Upon varying the medium polarity L1 can be fabricated into various self-assembled superstructures with distinct morphologies and multiple tuneable luminescence colors, which exhibit artificial light-harvesting properties.
Effect of solvothermal synthesis parameters on the crystallite size and atomic structure of cobalt iron oxide nanoparticles
Authors: Aalling-Frederiksen Olivia , Pittkowski Rebecca K. , Anker Andy S. , Quinson Jonathan , Klemeyer Lars , Frandsen Benjamin A. , Koziej Dorota , Jensen Kirsten M. Ø.
Published: September 2024

This study shows that size–structure relationships in cobalt ferrite nanoparticles are highly influenced by the synthesis method.
Durable silver nanowire transparent electrodes enabled by biorenewable nanocoating using chitin and cellulose nanofibers for flexible electronics
Authors: Kwon Yoo-Bin , Cho Seongwon , Min Dal-Hee , Kim Young-Kwan
Published: September 2024

The stability of AgNW FTEs was improved using biorenewable thin films composed of chitin and cellulose nanofibers. Our eco-friendly strategy also improved their performance as transparent heaters and pressure sensors.
Restriction of reaction sites on metal-sulfide cores induced by steric repulsion of bis-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands in trinuclear complexes bearing triply bridging sulfide ligands
Authors: Yabune Natsuki , Nakajima Hiroshi , Nishioka Takanori
Published: September 2024

Reactions of Ag+ and mixed-ligand and mixed-metal trinuclear complexes with bisNHC ligands show the formation of Ag–Pt or Ag–S bonds depending on the steric bulk of the bisNHC ligands attributed to the lengths of their bridging alkylene units.
Optimizing workflow efficiency for analyzing low molecular weight endogenous peptides in colostrum
Authors: Panchal Priti , Rani Reeju , Kumar Rohit , Malik Seema , Mukesh Manishi , Kaushik Jai Kumar , Sodhi Monika , Mohanty Ashok Kumar , Kumar Sudarshan
Published: September 2024

A novel approach to extract EPs from colostrum using peptide extraction methods combined with ultracentrifugation was developed. Over 3200 EPs were extracted from bovine colostrum enabling the identification of less abundant proteins and peptides.
Fabrication and characteristics of new quaternized chitosan nanocapsules loaded with thymol or thyme essential oil as effective SARS-CoV-2 inhibitors
Authors: Mahmoud Nashwa M. , Abdel Moneim Abdel Moneim Y. , Darweesh Omeed , El Zahaby Enas I. , Elshaarawy Reda F. M. , Hassan Yasser A. , Seadawy Mohamed G.
Published: September 2024

This research explores the potential of encapsulating thyme essential oil (TEO) and thymol (TH) into quaternized chitosan nanocapsules to combat SARS-CoV-2.
Thermodynamics of hybrid manganese formate perovskites
Authors: Novendra Novendra , Nagabhushana G. P. , Navrotsky Alexandra
Published: September 2024

Thermodynamic stability of hybrid perovskites was found to be strongly influenced by the interaction between the A-site cation and the framework. Calorimetric measurements were able to estimate the relative strength of this interaction.
Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling of unprotected ortho-bromoanilines with benzyl, alkyl, aryl, alkenyl and heteroaromatic boronic esters
Authors: Lubaev Alexandra E. , Marvin Christopher C. , Dombrowski Amanda W. , Qureshi Zafar
Published: September 2024

An efficient Suzuki–Miyuara reaction was developed on unprotected ortho-bromoanilines providing good to excellent yields on a wide variety of substrates. The robustness of the reaction was showcased on gram scale.
Safety evaluation of Plukenetia volubilis seeds: a metabolomic profiling and network toxicology approach
Authors: Le Vinh-Tuyen T. , Huynh Thanh Hao , Chen Lo-Yun , Praristiya Muhammad Riki Shindi , Lin Hung-Yu , Lai Kuei-Hung , Lee Ya-Lin , Chen Lih-Geeng , Wang Ching-Chiung
Published: September 2024

The study indicated the absence of saponins, the presence of phytosterols and trigonellin (a pyridine alkaloid), and a low safety risk related to saponin and alkaloid content in the Sacha Inchi seeds.
Total synthesis of (−)-2-oxo epimesembranol and (+)-dihydromaritidine via a key Johnson–Claisen rearrangement
Authors: Majumder Satyajit , Yadav Abhinay , Pal Souvik , Mondal Abhishek , Bisai Alakesh
Published: September 2024

The total synthesis of (−)-2-oxo-epimesembranol (11b), (−)-6-epimesembranol (11d), (–)-mesembrine (11e) and dihydromaritidine (2c) has been achieved via a ester aminolysis-aza-Michael sequence of an enantioenriched enone intermediate 7b.
Novel A-π-D-A organic dyes for better photovoltaic performance
Authors: Roys Krupa Elsa , Manju S. L. , Siddiq Mohamed , Sambandam Anandan
Published: September 2024

Novel A-π-D-A type indole-based metal-free organic dyes have been designed and synthesized for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). In-T-2C dye-based DSSC device exhibited the highest efficiency (η) of 4.12% compared to In-B-C dye (η = 0.38%).
Studies on the synergistic effect between corn straw and Canadian oil sands bitumen during the co-pyrolysis process
Authors: Wang Bing , Zhao Cuiyu , Guo Congxiu
Published: September 2024

With the content of corn straw ranging from 0 to 40 wt%, the coke yield increased during the co-pyrolysis of corn straw and Canadian oil sands bitumen, while the yields of gas and oil showed a decreasing trend.
Preparation and characterization of hierarchically porous hybrid gels for efficient dye adsorption
Authors: Xia Yong-Kang , Zha Xiang-Jun , She Yu-Xiang , Ling Ting-Xian , Xiong Jing , Huang Kun-Lan , Huang Ji-Gang
Published: September 2024

The HPHG features a multi-level porous structure (from 48 ± 28 nm to 4385 ± 823 nm) that significantly enhances its porosity and specific surface area.
Tumor diagnosis based on nucleolus labeling
Authors: Jia Caiwei , Gao Jiani , Xie Dong , Wang Jin-Ye
Published: September 2024

The relationship between the nucleolus and tumorigenesis was explored, and the current methods for diagnosing tumors were evaluated by examining nucleolar characteristics.
Point-of-care biosensors and devices for diagnostics of chronic kidney disease
Authors: Liu Yuan , Zhao Xinping , Liao Min , Ke Guoliang , Zhang Xiao-Bing
Published: September 2024

This review explored the latest advancements in POC biosensors and devices specifically designed for CKD diagnostics, aiming to improve patient outcomes and healthcare efficiency.
Biologically active dual functional zinc-doped biomass-derived carbon dots
Authors: Tariq Mohammad , Khan Mo Ahamad , Hasan Hammad , Yadav Sangeeta , Sahoo Amaresh Kumar , Sk Md Palashuddin
Published: September 2024

Bactericidal activity by DNA damage and potent antioxidant property of biomass-derived Zn-Cdots.
Long-wavelength near-infrared light emitting Ni2+-doped double perovskite molybdate-based solid-solution phosphors
Authors: Zhu Fengmei , Gao Yuan , Qiu Jianbei
Published: September 2024

We developed Ni2+-doped (Sr/Ba)2MgMoO6 double perovskite molybdate-based solid-solution long wavelength near-infrared luminescence (1000–2000 nm) phosphors, which shiftss in the range of 1400–1610 nm by simple adjustment of the Sr/Ba ratio.
Unveiling the relationship between polymorphism and ionic conductivity in Na3−xSb1−xWxS4 solid electrolyte for Na-ion batteries
Authors: Ravalli Marco , Soleimanzade Mehdi , Scavini Marco , Tarantino Serena Chiara , Radaelli Mariano , Tealdi Cristina
Published: September 2024

Computational modelling and experimental techniques are used to elucidate local ordering and diffusion mechanisms in the W-substituted Na3SbS4 solid electrolyte.
Electrode process regulation for high-efficiency zinc metal anodes
Authors: Wu Longkun , Zhu Xinyan , Peng Zhi , Zhang Zekun , Zhao Ningning , Li Bin , Zhu Jing , Dai Lei , Wang Ling , He ZhangXing
Published: September 2024

Regulation strategies for zinc anode ion deposition.
Mediation of the electrochemical polarization for durable zinc anode
Authors: Yang Ruixuan , Jiang Yuchen , Dai Simin , Qi Bei , Wang Yan , Zhuang Xinyan , Han Haoying , Wei Renfei , Xie Kefeng , Yang Rong , Huang Liang
Published: September 2024

A KSeCN electrolyte additive for aqueous zinc ion batteries enhances the electrochemical polarization of the zinc anode while mitigating concentration polarization, leading to more uniform Zn plating.
F and Si dual-doping induced oxygen vacancies in a Na4Fe3(PO4)2P2O7 cathode enables boosting electrochemical performance for sodium storage
Authors: Gao Jianhong , Chen Ziwei , Cao Jun , Wang Kun , Tang Guangxia , Zhang Ming , Lin Feng , Ahmad Waqar , Ling Min , Liang Chengdu , Chen Jun
Published: September 2024

An effective oxygen vacancy strategy to enhance sodium storage performance of Na4Fe3(PO4)2P2O7 by F/Si dual doping, in which F− is conducive to improving conductivity, while stronger SiO44− provides structural rigidity.
A radical containing micellar probe for assessing esterase enzymatic activity with ultra-low field Overhauser-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Elkhanoufi Sabrina , Rakhshan Sahar , Nespeca Martin J. , Alberti Diego , Boudries Dahmane , Pokong-Touyam Joyce , Stefania Rachele , Parzy Elodie , Massot Philippe , Mellet Philippe , Franconi Jean-Michel , Thiaudiere Eric , Geninatti Crich Simonetta
Published: September 2024

In this study, we propose the use of an off/on probe, T2C12–T80, to monitor esterase activity in various cancer cell lines with Overhauser-MRI at an ultra-low field (206 μT), proving its sensitivity and suitability for in vivo translation.
Unravelling the potential of l-carnosine analog-based nano-assemblies as pH-responsive therapeutics in treating glioma: an in vitro perspective
Authors: Aggarwal Nidhi , Singh Gurjot , Panda Himanshu Sekhar , Panda Jiban Jyoti
Published: September 2024

Development of l-carnosine analog-based NPs as anti-cancer therapeutics targeting glioma.
Highly stable and luminescent formamidinium-based perovskite nanocrystal probe for temperature and mercury sensors and in vitro imaging in live cells
Authors: Sahoo Kajol , Kumar Satish , Mohapatra Ashutosh , Dubey Nishant Kumar , Naik Ramakanta , Goswami Chandan , Bhaumik Saikat
Published: September 2024

Silica and PMMA-coated Cs-doped FAPbBr3 nanocrystals exhibit superior stability, enabling temperature and mercury-ion sensing. The nanocrystals were also tested as a fluorescent probe to detect Hg-ions inside mammalian cells.
Recent progress of inorganic photoresists for next-generation EUV lithography
Authors: Kang Yeo Kyung , Lee Sun Jin , Eom Sunghun , Kim Byeong Geun , Hwang Chan-Cuk , Kim Myung-Gil
Published: September 2024

The continuous scaling down of semiconductor devices has significantly benefited consumers by enhancing the device performance, portability, power efficiency, and affordability.
Lifetime thermometry with an ytterbium(iii)–terbium(iii) molecular upconverter
Authors: Gálico Diogo Alves , Murugesu Muralee
Published: September 2024

In this work, we report the first example of lifetime thermometry with a molecular upconverter.
(C2H10N2)[Zn2(HPO4)2Cl2]: substitution-activated new short-wave ultraviolet phosphate with pivotal dual-property enhancement
Authors: Fang Zhi , Pan Yu-Ming , Han Pei , Yang Bing-Ping , Duan Mei-Hong
Published: September 2024

A substitution-oriented rational approach to a short-wave ultraviolet phosphate, (C2H10N2)[Zn2(HPO4)2Cl2], results in significant dual-property enhancement.
An electromagnetic microactuator with tunable dynamic characteristics using a thick-film FePt permanent magnet
Authors: Qi Chao , Miyahara Yu , Wang Ziteng , Sugita Naohiro , Nakano Masaki , Shinshi Tadahiko
Published: September 2024

We designed an electromagnetic microactuator with tunable dynamic characteristics using a thick-film FePt permanent magnet. FePt is a promising microactuator material because of its low Young’s modulus, high tensile strength, high ultimate strain as a structural material, and high remanence as a permanent magnet. By employing the laser-assisted heating magnetization method, we successfully reprogrammed the magnetization pattern of the FePt thick film, which led to the tuning of the dynamic characteristics of the 3.85 mm (l) × 0.82 mm (w) × 0.023 mm (t) FePt-based cantilever under the same alternating external magnetic field. When only the tip of the cantilever beam is magnetized, or when the tip and center of the same beam are magnetized in opposite phases, the peak gain of the frequency response characteristics of the former can be tuned to be 19 dB higher than that of the latter in the first-order mode and 19 dB lower than that of the latter in the second-order mode.
Advanced GeSe-based thermoelectric materials: Progress and future challenge
Authors: Lyu Tu , Wang Moran , Luo Xiaohuan , Zhou Yuwei , Chen Lei , Hong Min , Hu Lipeng
Published: September 2024

GeSe, composed of ecofriendly and earth-abundant elements, presents a promising alternative to conventional toxic lead-chalcogenides and earth-scarce tellurides as mid-temperature thermoelectric applications. This review comprehensively examines recent advancements in GeSe-based thermoelectric materials, focusing on their crystal structure, chemical bond, phase transition, and the correlations between chemical bonding mechanism and crystal structure. Additionally, the band structure and phonon dispersion of these materials are also explored. These unique features of GeSe provide diverse avenues for tuning the transport properties of both electrons and phonons. To optimize electrical transport properties, the strategies of carrier concentration engineering, multi-valence band convergence, and band degeneracy established on the phase modulation are underscored. To reduce the lattice thermal conductivity, emphasis is placed on intrinsic weak chemical bonds and anharmonicity related to chemical bonding mechanisms. Furthermore, extra-phonon scattering mechanisms, such as the point defects, ferroelectric domains, boundaries, nano-precipitates, and the phonon mismatch originating from the composite engineering, are highlighted. Additionally, an analysis of mechanical properties is performed to assess the long-term service of thermoelectric devices based on GeSe-based compounds, and correspondingly, the theoretical energy-conversion efficiency is discussed based on the present zT values of GeSe. This review provides an in-depth insight into GeSe by retrospectively examining the development process and proposing future research directions, which could accelerate the exploitation of GeSe and elucidate the development of broader thermoelectric materials.
Activation induces shift in nutrient utilization that differentially impacts cell functions in human neutrophils
Authors: Britt Emily C. , Qing Xin , Votava James A. , Lika Jorgo , Wagner Andrew S. , Shen Simone , Arp Nicholas L. , Khan Hamidullah , Schieke Stefan M. , Fletcher Christopher D. , Huttenlocher Anna , Fan Jing
Published: September 2024

Neutrophils utilize a variety of metabolic sources to support their crucial functions as the first responders in innate immunity. Here, through in vivo and ex vivo isotopic tracing, we examined the contributions of different nutrients to neutrophil metabolism under specific conditions. Human peripheral blood neutrophils, in contrast to a neutrophil-like cell line, rely on glycogen storage as a major metabolic source under resting state but rapidly switch to primarily using extracellular glucose upon activation with various stimuli. This shift is driven by a substantial increase in glucose uptake, enabled by rapidly increased GLUT1 on cell membrane, that dominates the simultaneous increase in gross glycogen cycling capacity. Shifts in nutrient utilization impact neutrophil functions in a function-specific manner: oxidative burst depends on glucose utilization, whereas NETosis and phagocytosis can be flexibly supported by either glucose or glycogen, and neutrophil migration and fungal control are enhanced by the shift from glycogen utilization to glucose utilization. This work provides a quantitative and dynamic understanding of fundamental features in neutrophil metabolism and elucidates how metabolic remodeling shapes neutrophil functions, which has broad health relevance.
Estimating future climate change impacts on human mortality and crop yields via air pollution
Authors: Murray Lee T. , Leibensperger Eric M. , Mickley Loretta J. , Tai Amos P. K.
Published: September 2024

Future climate change may bring local benefits or penalties to surface air pollution, resulting from changing temperature, precipitation, and transport patterns, as well as changes in climate-sensitive natural precursor emissions. Here, we estimate the climate penalties and benefits at the end of this century with regard to surface ozone and fine particulate matter (PM

2.5

; excluding dust and smoke) using a one-way offline coupling between a general circulation model and a global 3-D chemical-transport model. We archive meteorology for the present day (2005 to 2014) and end of this century (2090 to 2099) for seven future scenarios developed for Phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project. The model isolates the impact of forecasted anthropogenic precursor emission changes versus that of climate-only driven changes on surface ozone and PM

2.5

for scenarios ranging from extreme mitigation to extreme warming. We then relate these changes to impacts on human mortality and crop production. We find ozone penalties over nearly all land areas with increasing warming. We find net benefits due to climate-driven changes in PM

2.5

in the Northern Extratropics, but net penalties in the Tropics and Southern Hemisphere, where most population growth is forecast for the coming century.
Atomic insights into the interfacial structure of AlCl3 electrolyte for aqueous aluminum-ion battery
Authors: Xu Chenxuan , Yang Junjie , Si Linjun , Li Jun , Yang Huachao
Published: September 2024

Revealing the interfacial electric double-layer structure is important for understanding the side reaction and corrosion issues of aqueous Al-ion batteries. Using the molecular dynamics simulation and experimental measurements, this work investigates the electric double-layer structures of representative AlCl3 aqueous electrolytes, including concentration distribution, electric potential distributions, differential capacitance profile, etc. Results show that the concentration of Al3+ ions is significantly improved upon the higher charge density, while Al3+ ions still well maintain the solvation structure and an inner Helmholtz layer of water molecules is observed, which is highly relevant to the interfacial electric potential distributions. Besides, a V-shaped differential capacitance profile is recognized for the AlCl3 aqueous electrolyte.
Bimetallic sulfides CuInSe2 adsorbent for rapid elemental mercury uptake from coal-fired flue gas
Authors: Song Mao , Wang Tao , Zhang Rui , Song Jian , Zhang Meilin , Wu Jiang
Published: September 2024

Coal-fired power plants use coal as fuel, which will release a lot of mercury in the combustion process, directly threatening the ecological environment of the earth. In this study, a new adsorbent CuInSe2 with an active selenium site was prepared, which can effectively remove Hg0. The flower structure of the adsorbent with uniform distribution of selenium sites was confirmed by SEM characterization. Experimental results demonstrated that the adsorption efficiency was close to 99% at 80 ∼200°C, and the adsorption efficiency remained at a stable level of 92.39% even after continuous exposure for 6 hours. The equilibrium adsorption capacity was 18.64 mg/g. CuInSe2 has excellent resistance to SO2 and NO. In conclusion, CuInSe2 adsorbents possess significant potential for mercury removal, providing a new direction for the remediation of mercury pollution in various industrial waste gases using dual-metal selenide adsorbents.
Ce Modification improves the cycling stability of single-crystal ultra-high nickel cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Liu Ruchao , Zhang Hongyun , Su Yuefeng , Chen Lai
Published: September 2024

Single-crystal high-nickel cathode materials are among the most promising materials for lithium-ion batteries. However, as the nickel content increases, the degree of cation mixing intensifies, leading to poor cycle performance in ultra-high nickel materials. Here, we used Ce to modify the single-crystal Li[Ni0.92Co0.04Mn0.04]O2 cathode material, alleviating the issue of poor cycle stability in ultra-high nickel materials. Characterization test results demonstrate that the introduction of Ce promotes the growth of single-crystal particles, reduces cation mixing, and mitigates irreversible phase transitions and surface impedance increases during cycling. The Ce-modified single-crystal ultra-high nickel material exhibits excellent cycle stability. After 100 cycles at 1 C in the voltage range of 2.75-4.3 V, the capacity retention of the Ce-modified single-crystal high-nickel material increases from 69.9% to 81.2%. At a high current density of 10 C, the Ce-modified material still retains a high discharge specific capacity of 156.6 mAh g−1, while the pristine material only reaches 136.8 mAh g−1.
In situ formation of Zn@Ag resulted in uniform and dendrite-free zinc deposition for the zinc metal anode
Authors: Liang Zengteng , Zhou Wei , Wang Wenbo , Chi Yonglei , Liu Weidong , Zhao Long , Chen Wanjun
Published: September 2024

For purpose of improving the anode stability of zinc-ion batteries, an in situ generated alloy coating (Zn@Ag) is designed. The prepared Zn@Ag was put into a symmetric battery for cycle stability test. The battery was cycled for about 1000 hours at 1 mA cm−2 with a very small polarization voltage, and no signs of short circuit were found. During the electrochemical performance evaluation of the full battery, the Zn@Ag//MnO2 full cell exhibited a capacity retention rate of 34.4%, maintaining a capacity of 25.8 mA h g−1 after 850 turns at 1 A g−1, and the Coulomb efficiency is close to 100%. This strategy proposes a straightforward and efficacious method for realizing long-life rechargeable ZIBs.
Study on internal heat transfer characteristics of a wind turbine blade
Authors: Huang Tao , Wu Yahui , Cao Liangqiang , Yan Yan , Duan Jingjing , Sun Kai
Published: September 2024

Based on the theory of computational fluid dynamics and computational heat transfer, ANSYS FLUENT software is used to simulate the internal space flow field and temperature field of a wind turbine blade. The temperature field distribution of the blade was studied under different conditions, and the heating law inside the blade was analyzed. The results show that the temperature of the blade tip, the end face on both sides of the web and the area near the outlet of the wind turbine are obviously lower, and the low temperature phenomenon can be alleviated simply by increasing the inlet speed and temperature of the blade. Compared with increasing the inlet air temperature, increasing the inlet air speed of the blade can more effectively enhance the convective heat transfer of the air, so as to increase the temperature of the blade surface rapidly. When the inlet wind speed of the wind turbine blade is 30m/s and the inlet temperature is 100°C, the average temperature of the outer wall of the blade is about 50°C, which can meet working requirements of the blade. It takes about 20 seconds from the beginning of heating to the internal temperature of the blade reaching a stable state.
Short-term high-efficiency decision-making method for tertiary voltage control considering short-term power fluctuations
Authors: Jiang Wang , Wang Xinling , Shuai Hong , Chen Jialin , He Gong , Xiang Kai , Duan Zhanyu , Yan Wei
Published: September 2024

With the continuous increase in grid-connected new energy sources and new types of intermittent loads, the short-term fluctuation amplitude of source-load power is continuously increasing, which increasingly affects the effectiveness of tertiary voltage control decisions. To address this issue, this paper proposes a short-term efficient decision-making method for tertiary voltage control considering short-term power fluctuations. Firstly, the decision-making cycle of tertiary voltage control is shortened, effectively enhancing its adaptability to short-term source-load power fluctuations. Secondly, to address the computational burden brought by the shortened decision cycle, this paper fully considers the temporal characteristics of short-term load fluctuations in practical power grid nodes and proposes two linearization methods for tertiary voltage control. Specifically, these methods include a three-point linear estimation method for small fluctuation periods and a sensitivity linearization optimization method for large fluctuation periods. By shortening the decision cycle and linearizing decision calculations, the efficiency of tertiary voltage control decision-making is greatly improved. Based on actual data from a provincial-level power grid in the northwest region of China, the effectiveness of the proposed methods is verified through simulation analysis.
Analysis of the focusing error of the building solar optical fiber lighting system
Authors: Yang Kaiyue , Gu Chengzhu
Published: September 2024

At present, the main way to use solar energy still stays in photovoltaic power generation, which has the disadvantages of high cost and low efficiency. With the development and popularization of optical fiber technology, it is possible to use optical fiber to transmit sunlight. However, due to its light attenuation problem, it is only suitable for short distance transmission, such as solar optical fiber lighting systems in buildings. This paper designs and develops a solar optical fiber lighting system that is suitable for building daylighting and is relatively cheap. The system includes a concentrating system, a tracing system, a transmission system, and a remote control system. In this paper, the important problems of focusing errors in the system are analyzed, and five main types of focusing errors are discussed. Taking the diameter of the big end of the light cone as the synthetical systematic error of the focusing, two distribution modes of the systematic error are discussed/ Aiming at the weighted distribution of the system error, the tracking accuracy of the tracking system is discussed. The experiment proves that the required tracking accuracy is obtained by using proportional control and PID control respectively.
Best multiband filter problem
Authors: Bogatyrev A.
Published: September 2024

This mini-review examines the problems of geometric function theory that arise in the synthesis of electric filters, and in particular the work of A. A. Gonchar on the generalisation of Zolotarev’s third problem. The modern development of this topic is described, in particular the method of algebro-geometric Ansatz.
Celebrating 30 years of access to NASA Space Life Sciences data
Authors: Sanders Lauren M , Lopez Danielle K , Wood Alan E , Scott Ryan T , Gebre Samrawit G , Saravia-Butler Amanda M , Costes Sylvain V
Published: September 2024

NASA’s space life sciences research programs established a decades-long legacy of enhancing our ability to safely explore the cosmos. From Skylab and the Space Shuttle Program to the NASA Balloon Program and the International Space Station National Lab, these programs generated priceless data that continue to paint a vibrant picture of life in space. These data are available to the scientific community in various data repositories, including the NASA Ames Life Sciences Data Archive (ALSDA) and NASA GeneLab. Here we recognize the 30-year anniversary of data access through ALSDA and the 10-year anniversary of GeneLab.