bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring the Influence of Witchcraft Beliefs on Church Growth within Africa Brotherhood Church in Machakos County, Kenya
Authors: Mary M. Nzyoki  , Dr. Bibiana M. Ngundo
Published: September 2023

This study examines the impact of witchcraft beliefs within the African Brotherhood Church (ABC) in Machakos County, Kenya, on the church's growth. The research aims to fill the knowledge gap regarding the effects of witchcraft beliefs in indigenous African churches. Using a mixed-methods approach, the study explores areas of church growth influenced by belief in witchcraft. A sample of 395 respondents was selected from seven sub-headquarters of ABC using a stratified sampling method, including church leaders, pastors, and members of the governing council. Data collection involved questionnaires, interviews, and focus group discussions to ensure reliable and valid results. Quantitative data were analyzed using statistical techniques, while qualitative data were thematically categorized and presented using narratives, charts, and graphs. The findings demonstrate the prevalence of witchcraft beliefs within ABC, with age, education, and church roles as significant factors. The study confirms that belief in witchcraft hinders church growth, leading members to leave or seek alternative spiritual interventions. Moreover, the study reveals the limited effectiveness of existing church interventions in addressing the relationship between witchcraft beliefs and the core objectives of ABC. Based on these findings, the study recommends that ABC redesign its church interventions to acknowledge the reality of witchcraft beliefs and promote church growth effectively. By addressing these challenges, the ABC can fulfill its mission more successfully.
Nationhood and Memory: A Reading of Remi Raji’s ‘Web of Remembrance’
Authors: Rebecca Ufuoma Davies
Published: September 2023

This paper examines how nationhood and memory are profoundly connected in Remi Raji's poetry collection "Web of Remembrance." Raji's poetic endeavour explores the complex interrelationship between personal and collective memory, focusing on how these memories influence and shape national identity. His poetry encourages readers to interact with their country's past and critically consider its implications for the present and future by drawing on the rich historical and cultural fabric of Nigeria. Raji skillfully combines his own experiences with more general historical events through the use of vivid images and potent language. He preserves and reimagines pivotal periods in Nigerian history in his poems, which serve as archives of memory. The paper emphasizes the value of inclusivity and a communal memory that includes the experiences of all citizens, as depicted in the use of literary elements like allusion, symbolism, and metaphor to eloquently connect the past and present. The collection of Raji’s poems serves as a starting point for discussion by challenging readers to reflect critically on their past and create a future that is influenced by a conscious awareness of national issues and challenges. Thus, the paper articulates the role that memory plays in transforming a country's consciousness and emphasizes the importance of Raji's work in promoting a better awareness of Nigeria's past and cultural traditions.
Policy Evaluation on the Policy of Reducing the Use of Single-Use Plastic Bags (City of Banjarmasin)
Authors: Dwi Nowo Martono  , Haruki Agustina  , Muthia Fitriana Hakim
Published: September 2023

Plastic is a common material in our economy because of its versatility and durability. It is one of the most challenging material mixes in recycling because of its multi-layered structure. Thus, from an environmental, sustainable, and biocompatible point of view, the use of layered packaging materials should be limited.

In Banjarmasin City, plastic waste generation is growing along with the increasing population. As an effort to reduce the use of plastic, the Municipal Government of Banjarmasin became the first city to decide to ban the use of plastic bags.

Evaluation of this policy is needed to provide information to the public about environmentally friendly packaging and provide information to policymakers to consider outreach to the community because environmentally friendly lifestyle habits are not in line with knowledge about the benefits of reducing plastic waste, as many people do not adopt a friendly lifestyle even though they have knowledge about the benefits that can be obtained if they reduce the use of plastic waste.

Besides that, people's knowledge of the dangers of using plastic bags also needs to be increased because it will affect lifestyles that reflect environmentally friendly attitudes and tendencies to preserve the environment and minimize environmental pollution that still has the potential to come.

In changing lifestyles that support the plastic reduction program in the City of Banjarmasin, the community needs more in-depth education or socialization from the Government regarding the benefits of reducing plastic waste.
La estrategia política de Israel y su impacto en la geopolítica del medio oriente
Authors: Adaime-Cabrera Gustavo Adolfo
Published: September 2023

Israel ha enfrentado guerras de forma victoriosa dándose entendimientos posteriores bajo la presión internacional buscando su desescalamiento, generando nuevos acuerdos políticos y de defensa con ciertos países de la región los cuales han siendo asimilados por occidente como necesarios frente a retos comunes generando de nuevo incertidumbre en el mundo árabe. Se busca en este articulo analizar cómo se afronta Israel el dilema de la seguridad, el realismo ofensivo defensivo como base para la toma de decisiones y la actitud frente a los retos en seguridad y defensa y cuál será el impacto geopolítico que tendrán estas decisiones en el medio Oriente. Desde hace más de treinta años Israel se ha consolidado como un socio militar clave para Colombia, aportando tecnología y experiencia para la solución de las necesidades estratégicas y tácticas la Fuerza Pública mediante el intercambio de experiencia.
Entrevista a Manuel Mijares
Authors: Chaparro-Betancourt Natalia Alexandra
Published: September 2023

La entrevista realizada al Dr. Mijares se enfocó en entender las dinámicas de crimen transnacional en la región. El objetivo primordial fue entender el escenario en el que se encuentra la región. Se inició tratando de determinar cómo se explica la expansión y la alta presencia del Crimen Organizado Trasnacional (COT) en los países a pesar de la baja conflictividad de la región. Frente a este punto, el entrevistado señaló que la explicación central está en la debilidad de los Estados.
Las operaciones de búsqueda y rescate y su relación con la autoridad marítima nacional
Authors: Ochoa-Villa Guillermo Hiram
Published: September 2023

México ha venido desarrollando, desde hace varias décadas, diversas acciones encaminadas al potencial marítimo. Para tal fin, ha sido necesario asumir diversos compromisos ante organismos internacionales que demandan Estados Parte, sobre todo el desarrollo de diversas capacidades para hacer frente a los nuevos retos en materia marítima. Uno de estos retos es, sin duda, la seguridad en los mares y océanos que se exige al Estado mexicano. Hoy en día, el Ejecutivo Federal, ejerce la Autoridad Marítima a través de la SEMAR, esto, obliga al desarrollo de diversas estrategias y acciones encaminadas a cumplir de manera fehaciente los ordenamientos internacionales, uno de ellos, ha sido el establecimiento y operación de un Sistema de Búsqueda y Rescate (SAR).
Comorbidade entre transtorno bipolar e transtorno obsessivo-compulsivo
Authors: Sanches Marsal , Cheniaux Júnior Elie
Published: September 2023

O transtorno obsessivo-compulsivo, conhecido como TOC, tem como característica central a presença de obsessões e/ou compulsões. Mesmo tendo alta prevalência na população, muitas vezes ele não é diagnosticado, o que leva a considerável atraso no início do tratamento, prejudicando, assim, o prognóstico. Já o transtorno bipolar (TB) caracteriza-se pela presença de episódios depressivos e maníacos que, na maioria das vezes, podem iniciar antes dos 25 anos de idade. Esse transtorno é uma das dez principais causas de incapacidade em todo o mundo. Pesquisas recentes apontam que o TB e o TOC são condições psiquiátricas altamente comórbidas. No ABP TV de hoje, vamos debater este tema tão importante e pouco falado.
Psicopatia: o que a psiquiatria tem a dizer?
Authors: Dourado Junior Jose Brasileiro , Alexandre Milena Ferreira de França
Published: September 2023

Atualmente, casos reais de crimes não são apenas noticiados, como também têm ganhado cada vez mais espaço em outras mídias, como filmes, seriados e podcasts. Sempre que um novo caso ganha notoriedade, não é raro vermos comentários chamando os autores desses crimes de "psicopatas". Mas do que se trata a psicopatia de fato? Também chamado de transtorno de personalidade antissocial, a psicopatia se trata de um difícil diagnóstico, caracterizado principalmente pela falta de empatia, traços de frieza, mentira patológica, dentre outros sintomas. O ABP TV de hoje recebe psiquiatras forenses no programa "Psicopatia: o que a psiquiatria tem a dizer?"
Fitocanabinoides e psiquiatria: quais as evidências?
Authors: Barbirato Fábio , Fernandes Gustavo Xavier de Azevedo , Allevato Marcelo , Laranjeira Ronaldo Ramos
Published: September 2023

A possível eficácia dos canabinoides tem sido objeto de diversas pesquisas realizadas em todo o mundo. Atualmente, o Conselho Federal de Medicina - CFM autoriza o uso compassivo do canabidiol apenas para casos de crianças e adolescentes com epilepsia de difícil tratamento, ou seja, casos em que as opções convencionais não têm resultado. Com isso, muitas dúvidas começaram a surgir nas redes sociais e na mídia tradicional a respeito do assunto. Afinal, existem evidências científicas na prescrição do canabidiol para o tratamento de doenças psiquiátricas? Hoje, o ABP TV vai se dedicar a debater este tema tão necessário.
Iraqi National Security Challenges and Solutions
Authors: Al-Hamdani Dhari Sarhan Humadi
Published: September 2023

After 2003, Iraq encountered several challenges that posed a serious threat to its security and sovereignty. Among these threats was the spread of drugs, as during that period, Iraq became a major corridor for drug trade, as it is located as a mediator between producing and consuming countries. After that, the biggest challenge was ISIS, which occupied parts of Iraq in June 2014. Among the other challenges facing Iraq's security is the phenomenon of arms proliferation, which has negative effects on security and community peace. Corruption is also one of the challenges that threaten the security and stability of Iraq. Its spread leads to activating the work of organized crime networks and terrorist elements .
Mesh-Based Two-Step Convex Optimization for Spacecraft Landing Trajectory Planning on Irregular Asteroid
Authors: Zhao Zichen , Shang Haibin , Liu Chengliang , Xiao Shuchen
Published: September 2023

The problem investigated in this paper is how to rapidly optimize a landing trajectory on an arbitrarily shaped asteroid, subject to practical constraints and a gravitational model suitable for irregular asteroids. The fundamental idea is to convert the nonlinearity involved in the gravitational field into an equivalent convex version and further generate the optimal trajectory using the two-step convex optimization technique to achieve efficient and robust computation. For a given mission area, the positional space is discretized as an exactly sufficient number of small tetrahedron meshes, within which the real gravitations are interpolated as the linear gravitational representation with nonconvex mesh tracking constraints. A solution space relaxation–penalization technique is proposed to convexify the mesh tracking constraints and keep the feasibility of the resulting convex optimization problem. A series of optimal active meshes are generated by solving this problem and transcribed as corresponding convex active meshing constraints, and further imposing them on the landing trajectory to construct the final convex optimization problem equaling to the original problem. The strength and correctness of this method are demonstrated from both perspectives of theoretical analyses and numerical simulations for landing on 4769 Castalia asteroid, with the comparisons of the state-of-the-art convex-optimization-based methods.
INNOVATIVE ASPECTS OF THE TRANSFORMATION OF THE SYSTEM OF PROVIDING SERVICES TO THE POPULATION UNDER MARTIAL LAW
Authors:   Chernihiv Polytechnic National University, Koval Kristina , Denysenko Tetiana ,   Chernihiv Polytechnic National University
Published: September 2023

Attention is focused on overcoming the humanitarian crisis that arose in Ukraine as a result of the full-scale armed aggression of the Russian Federation.The main challenges faced by internally displaced persons and the communities that re-ceive them are analyzed. Among the priority directions of providing services to a certain cate-gory of the population, the following are highlighted: housing, medical assistance, education, employment and entrepreneurship development.Given that the problems currently facing society are complex and interconnected, there is a need to find innovative solutions for integration and further development of the country.Involvement of entrepreneurship in solving urgent problems will contribute to the develop-ment of the impact economy - that is, the market economy, which allows you to implement your own ideas to meet your needs, while having a positive impact on society.As a practical application, a model of impact entrepreneurship is proposed, which is fo-cused on the production of products or services that benefit the entire community.The proposed model contains such components as consumer segments, a problem, a unique value proposition, and a solution. An integral component of the described model is the measurement and description of the effectiveness of the impact during the implementation of entrepreneurial activity according to five dimensions, which include the following: "who", "what", "how much", "contribution" and "risk".The model of impact entrepreneurship involves considering three levels of impact - activ-ities to avoid harm; activity to bring benefit; problem solving activities.The application of the impact entrepreneurship model with a unique value proposition will provide the subject of entrepreneurial activity with a high and stable income, and the impact, which is an integral component of the specified business model, will contribute to the achieve-ment of the goals of sustainable development.
PERSEPSI MASYARAKAT TERHADAP DIBANGUN DAN DIFUNGSIKANNYA JALAN LINGKAR SELATAN (OTTO ISKANDAR DINATA)
Authors: Huda Saepul , Hamndan Indra Noer
Published: September 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui menganalisa persepsi dan preferensi masyarakat terhadap dibangun dan difungsikannya jalan Lingkar Selatan terhadap masyarakat Kabupaten Ciamis terutama di daerah yang dilalui oleh jalan tersebut, mengetahui nilai gap untuk menentukan rangking indikator yang telah disusun, persepsi dan preferensi manakah yang menjadi penilaian tertinggi dan penilaian terendah oleh masyarakat dan mengetahui dampak terhadap ekonomi sebelum dan sesudah difungsikaanya jalan Lingkar Selatan. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan kuisioner. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis Importance Performance Analysis (IPA). Data yang diperoleh dipetakan ke dalam diagram kartesius untuk memperoleh persepsi dan preferensi masyarakat. Hasil dari persepsi dan preferensi masyarakat banyak terletak pada kuadran II, nilai gap terkecil yaitu -0,1 dan tertinggi 0,14, nilai persepsi tertinggi 4,75 dan terendah 4,05. Nilai preferensi tertinggi 4,75 dan terendah 4,01. Dampak dibangun dan difungsikannya jalan mempunyai positif pada kehidupan perekonomian dengan berkurangnya angka pengangguran, bertambahnya usaha baru dan industri menengah/besar khususnya pada daerah yang dilewati oleh jalan.
Kayıt Dışı Ekonominin Belirleyicileri: OECD Ülkeleri Üzerine Bir Panel ARDL Analizi
Authors: SEVER Erşan , KAYA AY Merve
Published: September 2023

Bu çalışmada, gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan ülke ekonomilerinde kayıt dışı ekonominin belirleyicilerinin tespit edilmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Çalışmada, 24 OECD ülkesinde kayıt dışı ekonominin belirleyicileri 1992-2017 yıllık verileri ile PMG modeli kullanılarak tahmin edilmektedir. Elde edilen bulgulara göre ekonomik gelişmişlik seviyesinin kayıt dışılığı azalttığı, buna karşın yüksek enflasyon ve işsizlik oranları ile sosyal güvenlik primindeki artışların kayıt dışılığı artırdığı tespit edilmiştir. Ülkeye gelen mülteci sayısındaki artışın emek arzını artırarak kayıt dışı ekonomiyi genişlettiği belirlenmiştir. Bu bulgulardan yola çıkarak ülkelerin ekonomik gelişmişlik seviyesinin artırılması, enflasyon ve işsizlik oranlarının kontrol altına alınması, sosyal güvenlik sisteminin etkinliğinin geliştirilmesi gibi önlemlerin kayıt dışı ekonomiyi azaltmaya yardımcı olabileceği sonucuna varılmıştır. Makroekonomik göstergelerdeki performans iyileştirilmeden kayıt dışı ekonomi ile mücadelede alınacak olan mali politika kararlarının yetersiz kalacağı görülmektedir.
Pragmatic awareness in English of primary pre-service teachers
Authors:   The Korea Association Of Primary English Education, No GyeongHee
Published: September 2023

This study investigates the extent of pragmatic awareness in English of primary
pre-service teachers. It addresses two research questions. First, do Korean learners of
English exhibit a marked discrepancy between grammatical awareness and pragmatic
awareness? Second, if they are less aware of pragmatic violations than grammatical
errors, how does this manifest in their speech act strategies? To answer the first
question, a written survey on pragmatic awareness was carried out with Korean
pre-service teachers (N = 28). To address the second question, an acceptability
judgment task was conducted with another group of Korean pre-service teachers (N
= 32) and English natives (N = 65). The results showed that Korean pre-service teachers
were less aware of pragmatic violations than grammatical errors and that their speech
act strategies deviated from those of English natives. Regarding apology speech acts,
they tended to use more semantic formulas compared to English natives. Concerning
request speech acts, they relied on politeness markers rather than the negative politeness
strategies preferred by the English natives. Finally, the study offers some suggestions
for enhancing their pragmatic competence.
Exploration of creativity research trends and instructional guidance in primary English education
Authors:   The Korea Association Of Primary English Education, Lim Bo Ra , Kim Hae-Ri
Published: September 2023

The purpose of this study is to explore creativity research trends and suggest
instructional guidance in primary English education. To accomplish these objectives,
researchers first examined 79 research theses and articles with four main categories
of analysis: 1) research period and status, 2) subjects, 3) methods, and 4) topics. The
results showed that the number of research articles has increased since the 2009 revised
national curriculum which stated creativity directly for the first time. Among the
various subjects, there were more studies on non-human subjects such as teaching
and learning methods than studies on humans such as students and teachers. The most
preferred method was quantitative research and the most-discussed topic was teaching
and learning methods. Moreover, on the basis of literature research and researchers’
experiences, researchers suggested creativity instructions specifically in primary
English in four aspects: 1) cognitive and language, 2) contents, 3) teaching and learning
methods along with ongoing assessment and evaluation, and 4) teachers and
environment. Teachers and researchers can reference these instructional guidance in
planning and implementing creativity in primary English education. Above all, to
enhance creativity education in primary English, teachers need to recognize clear
creative guidance directions in language education and work with schools and local
organizations as well as fellow teachers to ensure that creativity education is established
in the field.
Composição nutricional da castanha de Sapucaia (Lecythis pisonis Cambess), proveniente de Santarém – PA
Authors: Oliveira Zandleme Birino de , Bentes Flávia Nathale Corrêa , Júnior Antônio Quaresma da Silva
Published: September 2023

Objetivo: Determinar a composição nutricional da castanha de sapucaia em amostras provenientes da região do Lago Grande (LPLG) e Pinduri (LPP), no município de Santarém-PA. Métodos: As análises da composição centesimal das castanhas foram realizadas segundo as "Normas Analíticas do Instituto Adolfo Lutz”, para teores de lipídios, proteínas, carboidratos, umidade e cinzas. Também foi analisada a constituição de ácidos graxos por CG-EM. Resultados: O teor de Carboidratos foi de 17,02% e 31,12% para as amostras LPLG e LPP, respectivamente. O teor de Umidade também variou, sendo 31,33% para LPLG e apenas 9,54% para LPP. Com relação ao teor de proteínas, a variação não foi tão alta, porém também apresentou diferença significativa, sendo 10,99% para LPLG e 8,8 para LPP. Em ambas as amostras o teor de lipídios encontrado foi considerado elevado, com 39,95% para LPLG e 46% para LPP. A análise da composição química do óleo das castanhas evidenciou alto teor de ácidos graxos insaturados, sendo o ácido oleico o mais abundante nas duas amostras, sendo 52,41% (LPLG) e 44,7% na amostra LPP. Conclusão: Conclui-se que a castanha de sapucaia proveniente de Santarém-PA, possui um rico valor nutricional, sendo fonte de ácidos graxos insaturados, proteínas e carboidratos.
Non-COVID-19 reasons for hospitalisation among children during the COVID-19 pandemic compared with the pre-pandemic period – A prospective population-based study from Barbados
Authors: Kumar Alok , King Reginald , Morris Kim , Krishnamurthy Kandamaran
Published: September 2023

Objectives:

Numerous studies from around the world have documented disruption as well as a decrease in child health services. In this study, we look at the impact of the pandemic from a different perspective. We compare the spectrum of non-COVID-19 illnesses which necessitated hospitalisation among children during this pandemic and the pre-pandemic times.

Material and Methods:

This is a population-based prospective clinical audit of children (Age <16 years) admitted for COVID-19-unrelated illnesses during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Data on admissions are routinely collected for clinical audits. The study period was extended from April 2020 to March 2022. The primary measured outcome was the primary discharge diagnosis. Other outcome measures were frequency of admissions, frequency of intensive care and number of deaths. The measured outcome during the pandemic was compared with the corresponding period in the pre-pandemic period.

Results:

There were 1282 non-COVID medical admissions from children (<16 years) during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to the 2168 admissions during the corresponding months in the immediate pre-pandemic period. This corresponds to a decline of 40.7% (95% confidence interval = 8.1%, 42.9%). Mean monthly admissions from acute respiratory illnesses (acute exacerbation of asthma phenotypes and respiratory tract infections) and acute gastroenteritis was 5.4 (±1.8) and 2.6 (±0.7) during the pandemic months compared to 35.1 (±7.2) and 5.3 (±0.8) during the corresponding pre-pandemic months, respectively. Both these differences were statically significant (P < 0.0001).

Conclusion:

There was a significant decline in the admissions from medical illnesses among children and this was almost entirely due to a sharp and significant decline in admissions form acute respiratory illnesses and acute gastroenteritis.
Transición hacia un sistema alimentario más saludable y sostenible en la Argentina: Análisis de actores
Authors: Maceira Daniel , Ryan Daniel , Gutman Verónica , Fuster Veronica
Published: September 2023

La necesidad de diseñar una agenda estratégica hacia sistemas alimentarios más saludables y sustentables es incuestionable. Ello resulta particularmente complejo en países como la Argentina, con una tradición productiva fuerte en el sector agroganadero y patrones marcados de consumo basados en carnes. A tal fin, este artículo desarrolla un análisis de los actores locales vinculados a la agenda y al debate público sobre la transición hacia sistemas de alimentación más saludables y sostenibles, considerando una secuencia de tres pasos. Primero, se identifican los actores y sus principales perspectivas e intereses con relación a estas temáticas. Segundo, se establecen agrupamientos o clústeres de actores que comparten posiciones similares. Tercero, se mapea la matriz de relaciones de estos actores entre sí, explorando sus principales vínculos de cooperación y tensión. Entre otros hallazgos, el artículo muestra que para avanzar hacia sistemas alimentarios más saludables y sostenibles en la Argentina, la agenda pública está compartimentada y fragmentada; incluso, al interior de las instituciones ministeriales del gobierno nacional. En general, existen diferentes subsistemas de política pública y redes de actores que, a pesar de contar con conocimiento sobre aspectos específicos de la agenda de sistemas alimentarios, ofrecen un bajo nivel de articulación temática y de integración entre sí.
Motivasi Belajar Siswa Sekolah Menengah Atas (SMA) pada Pembelajaran Daring
Authors: Rofi'ah Nur , Dahlan Jarnawi A , Jupri Al
Published: September 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan motivasi belajar siswa pada pembelajaran daring di Sekolah Menengah Atas. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan ialah survey deskriptif dengan metode kuantitatif, yang menggunakan alat pengumpul data survey berupa angket dengan skala likert. Populasi dalam riset ini ialah seluruh siswa salah satu Sekolah Menengah Atas. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode stratified random sampling. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah Statistika Deskriptif serta statistika inferensial yakni statistika non parametrik dengan Uji Kruskall-Wallis, Uji Post Hoc dan Uji Mann-Whitney U. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa motivasi belajar siswa mempunyai motivasi amat tinggi atas elemen harapan serta cita-cita masa depan. Ini tampak pada persentase yang didapatkan yakni sejumlah 81%. Motivasi tinggi diperlihatkan  siswa pada aspek lingkungan belajar yang kondusif dengan persentase sejumlah 77,66%, pada aspek hasrat dan keinginan berhasil dengan persentase sejumlah 77,443%, dan pada aspek kegiatan menarik dalam belajar dengan persentase sebesar 65,60%. Menurut hasil survei disimpulkan bahwasanya motivasi belajar mahasiswa memperlihatkan rerata persentase 64,98% termasuk di kategori tinggi dan terdapat perbedaan motivasi belajar siswa untuk setiap tingkatan pada pembelajaran daring selama pandemi COVID-19, serta terdapat perbedaan motivasi belajar antara siswa laki-laki dan siswa perempuan.

This study aims to describe student motivation in online learning in high schools. The type of research used is a descriptive survey with a quantitative method, which uses a survey data collection tool in the form of a questionnaire with a Likert scale. The population in this research is all students of one senior high school. The sampling technique used a stratified random sampling method. The data analysis technique is descriptive and inferential, non-parametric statistics with the Kruskall-Wallis Test, Post Hoc Test, and Mann-Whitney U Test. The results showed that students' learning motivation is very high on indicators of future expectations and future is 81%. High motivation was shown by students in aspects of a conducive learning environment, with a percentage of 77.66%, in aspects of desire and desire to succeed with a percentage of 77.443%, and in aspects of exciting activities in learning with a percentage of 65.60%. According to the survey results, it was concluded that student learning motivation showed an average percentage of 64.98%, included in the high category, and there were differences in student learning motivation for each level in online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic, and there were differences in learning motivation between male and female students.
Pemahaman Guru Matematika terhadap Asesmen Nasional pada Kurikulum Merdeka Belajar
Authors: Utari Aulia Rahmi , Roza Yenita , Maimunah Maimunah
Published: September 2023

Asesmen Nasional (AN) adalah suatu penilaian pada Kurikulum Merdeka Belajar yang terbagi dalam 3 bagian yaitu Asesmen Kompetensi Minimum (AKM), Survei Karakter dan Survei Lingkungan Belajar. Asesmen Nasional bertujuan untuk merubah paradigma pendidikan Indonesia guna mengevaluasi hasil, proses dan input kegiatan belajar siswa. Asesmen Nasional (AN) perlu dipahami oleh guru sebagai salah satu dari peserta Asesmen Nasional (AN). Guru perlu memahami Asesmen Nasional (AN) agar guru memahami proses pelaksanaan AN sehingga mampu memberikan hasil dalam melihat kemampuan literasi dan numerasi siswa, profil pelajar Pancasila serta informasi konkrit terkait keadaan sekolah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pemahaman guru matematika terhadap Asesmen Nasional. Subjek pada penelitian ini yaitu 16 guru matematika. Penelitian menggunakan metode survei dengan menyebarkan angket melalui  google form. Aspek pada angket berupa daftar pertanyaan terkait Asesmen Kompetensi Minimum seperti konten pembelajaran matematika, cakupan konten serta keterkaitan AKM dengan pembelajaran. Pada survei karakter dan survei lingkungan belajar, daftar pertanyaan berupa tujuan dari pelaksanaan survei serta fungsi dari survei tersebut. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan statistik deskriptif. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa 57,4% guru telah memahami Asesmen Nasional dan 42,6% guru yang belum memahami dengan baik tentang Asesmen Nasional. Penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa guru memerlukan pelatihan atau sosialisasi tentang implementasi kurikulum Merdeka Belajar supaya tujuan dari kurikulum tersebut dapat terimplementasi dengan baik.
Analisis Kesalahan Siswa dalam Menyelesaikan Soal pada Materi Teorema Pythagoras berdasarkan Teori Kastolan
Authors: Putri Reska Dina , Kartini Kartini
Published: September 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan jenis, penyebab dan solusi dari kesalahan yang dikerjakan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal teorema pythagoras. Metode dan jenis dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Subjek penelitian ini adalah kelas VIII di SMP Negeri 2 Pangkalan Kerinci tahun Pelajaran 2021/2022. Teknik pengambilan subjek dipilih secara acak atas dasar tersedianya kelas untuk dilakukan penelitian. Subjek penelitian terdiri dari 21 orang siswa kelas VIII. Soal yang diberikan terdiri dari enam butir soal materi teorema pythagoras. Berdasarkan analisis yang telah dilakukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa kesalahan yang dialami siswa saat menyelesaikan teorema pythagoras di sekolah tersebut adalah 1) Kesalahan konseptual 30%. 2) Kesalahan prosedural 44%. 3) Kesalahan teknik 26 %. Penyebab kesulitan siswa yaitu: 1) Pengetahuan yang diperoleh siswa hanya sebagian. 2) Kurang berartinya pembelajaran sehingga pemahaman siswa kurang. 3) Kesalahan prosedural karena guru tidak mengulang kembali materi yang berkaitan dengan penyelesaian soal
Bahan Ajar Berbasis Science, Technology, Engineering, And Mathematics (STEM) Untuk Meningkatkan HOTS Siswa Kelas III Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Marsari Henni , Rifma Rifma
Published: September 2023

Higher-order thinking skills in the current context as abilities that promote deeper conceptual understanding based on Bloom's taxonomy. The purpose of this study was to obtain data on STEM-based teaching materials to improve HOTS for third grade elementary school students. This type of research is development research using the ADDIE development model. Analysis of teaching material validation data by educational experts and practitioners yielded an average of 91.7. The usability test results obtained an average of 91. The effectiveness of teaching materials was also shown by increasing HOTS students after using STEM 87. Based on these results, it can be concluded that STEM teaching materials developed for class III elementary schools were considered very effective, very practical, and effective for improve the HOTS of grade III elementary school students
Validitas Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik (LKPD) Berbasis PBL untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Matematika Siswa Kelas II di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Oktavia Linda Sari , Rakimahwati Rakimahwati
Published: September 2023

Pentingnya pembelajaran yang efektif, pendidik harus mampu menyiapkan sumber belajar sesuai dengan prinsip perkembangannya. Sumber belajar yang dikembangkan dapat disusun dalam bentuk Lembar Kerja Siswa (LKPD). Lembar kerja siswa yang diberikanukepada siswa harus dirancang dengan baik dengan memperhatikan kebutuhan dan karakteristik siswa. LKPD di sekolah dasar saat ini masih perlu dikembangkan karena beberapa alasan, yaitu warnanya kurang menarik, dan dilihat dari isinya juga perlu dikembangkan. Hal tersebut berdampakupada rendahnya hasil belajar matematika siswa kelas 2 SD. Jenis penelitian ini ialah penelitian pengembanganedengan menggunakan model pengembangan ADDIE. Hasil yang diperoleh adalah LKPD yang dikembangkan memperoleh persentase validitas sebesar 87,8% dengan kategori sangat valid. Kepraktisan respon guru sebesar 3,89 (sangat praktis), sedangkan respon siswa sebesar 3,7 (sangat praktis). Keefektifan dilihat dari hasil belajar siswa yaitu N-Gain Score sebesar 0,95 (Tinggi) dengan kategori sangat efektif. Artinya LKPD yangudikembangkan valid, praktis, dan efektif untuk siswa kelas 2 SD
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Interaktif Dengan Model Blanded Learning Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematis Peserta Didik Kelas X SMK
Authors: Haswenova Fadhilah , Yerizon Yerizon , Arnawa I Made
Published: September 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkanymedia pembelajaran interaktif dengan model blended learning untuk meningkatkan kemampuantpemecahan masalah matematis yang valid bagi siswatkelas X SMK pada materi SistemrPersamaan Linier Dua Variabel. Media yang dikembangkan dilengkapi dengan modul ajar dan bahan ajar. Jenistpenelitian yang digunakantadalah penelitian pengembangan. Pengembangan media ini menggunakan pengembangan dengan model Plomp . Tahap penelitian pengembangantini terdiri dari 3 tahaptyaitu tahap investigasitawal, tahap prototype, dan tahap penilaian. Pada tahap investigasi awal dilakukan perancangan media pembelajaran interaktif. Pada tahap prototype dilakukan validasi terhadap media yang telah dibuat, dan setelah media dinyatakan valid dilanjutkan pada tahap penilaian. Instrumen yang digunakantpada tahap prototype ini adalah lembar validasi. Lembar validasi ini bertujuan untuk memberikan penilaian terhadap aspek isi, aspek kebahasaan, dan aspek grafis (kebangkitan, warna, keseimbangan bentuk, keterpaduan, kualitas pengolahan program). Hasil validasi media pembelajaran interaktif oleh ahli berada padatkategori sangat valid dengan skor rata-rata 3,55. Media pembelajaran interaktif ini juga dilengkapi dengan modul ajar dan bahan ajar yang juga dikategorikan sangattvalid dengan skortrata-rata hasil validasi 3,56 untuk modul ajar dan 3,68 untuk bahan ajar. Berdasarkan kategori validitas, media pembelajaran interaktif, modul ajar, dan bahan ajar dapattdigunakan dalam prosestpembelajaran.
Klasifikasi Kriteria Kemampuan Siswa Untuk Heterogenitas Kelompok Belajar Menggunakan Agglomerative Hierarchical Cluster Analysis
Authors: Suryaningtyas Wahyuni , Kristanti Febriana
Published: September 2023

Research on the classification of students' ability criteria uses quantitative data. In this research, the data used was secondary data in the form of PTS Mathematics data for class VII-B SMP Muhammadiyah 10 Surabaya. Determination of classification using the Sturges' Rule method, hypothetical categorization, and agglomerative hierarchical cluster analysis. The results of the classification research obtained for each method provide different intervals to determine student ability criteria. In Sturges' Rule and agglomerative hierarchical cluster analysis, although there are differences in the resulting intervals, the number of student frequencies is almost the same for each student's ability criteria. Meanwhile, the intervals on the hypothetical categorical method give different results with different frequencies for the number of frequencies on each criterion when compared to the Sturges' Rule method and agglomerative hierarchical cluster analysis. Measuring the accuracy of classification based on the difference in the mean, median, and standard deviation values, the comparison of the accuracy of the frequency distribution table with the cluster method is more accurate than the Sturges method and hypothetical categorization. The interval resulting from the cluster analysis gave results close to the mean, median, and standard deviation of PTS grade VII-B data at SMP Muhammadiyah 10 Surabaya.
Kadar Total Fenol Ekstrak Daun Salam Koja (Murraya koenigii (L) Spreng)
Authors: Filzafati Rezha Ilzaningtyas , Fauzan Mohammad Zulfa , Hidayati Nasrul Rofiah , Setiawan Mohammad Arfi
Published: September 2023

Tumbuhan salam koja (Murraya koenigii (L) Spreng) memiliki bioaktivitas yang baik sebagai antibakteri, antioksidan dan antiinflamasi. Tumbuhan ini mengandung banyak metabolit sekunder yang berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai bahan baku untuk obat-obatan, terutama antibiotik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kadar total fenol dengan ekstraksi soxhlet daun salam koja menggunakan pelarut etanol 96% dan n-heksana menggunakan metode spektrofotometri UV-Vis. Berdasarkan penelitian ini didapatkan hasil total fenol ekstrak etanol sebesar 191,250 mgGAE/100mg dengan rendemen sebesar 33,4148% dan total fenol ekstrak n-heksana sebesar 116,0910 mgGAE/100mg dengan rendemen 31,5160%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak daun salam koja mengandung senyawa aktif yaitu senyawa fenol dengan nilai kadar fenol yang didapat dari ekstrak etanol lebih tinggi dibanding dengan ekstrak n-heksana.
Rancang Bangun Alat Pengingat Penggantian Oli Pada Sepeda Motor Via Telegram
Authors: Asrori Yhuda Eka , Sari Churnia , Laksono Ridam Dwi
Published: September 2023

Pengendara sepeda motor sering kerap lalai atau acuh terhadap kondisi dalam perawatan mesin sepeda motor. Salah satu contoh fatalnya yaitu pengantian oli mesin yang melebihi batas. Maka dari itu di buatlah alat yang bertujuan agar dapat mengingatkan telatnya penggantian oli pada sepeda motor. Pengaplikasian alat ini yaitu mengunakan sensor proximity LJ12A34Z sebagai pembacaan rotasi roda depan sepeda motor yang akan di proses oleh mikrokontroler NodeMCU sebagai pemroses input dari sensor yang akan dijadikan dalam bentuk jarak yang ditempuh oleh sepeda motor sebagai parameter penggantian oli. Jarak tersebut ditampilkan pada  LCD 16 x 2 secara riletime. Buzzer dan notifikasi telegram digunakan untuk peringatan penggantian oli ke pengendara sepeda motor ketika apabila batas jarak tempuh mencapai batas 2000 km. Hasil yang di lakukan dengan pengujian langsung terhadap alat pengingat penggantian oli. Alat yang dibuat dapat memberikan peringatan penggantian oli mesin berdasarkan parameter jarak tempuh yang di olah oleh mikrokontroler lalu direspon oleh buzzer dan mengirimkan pesan ke aplikasi telegram sebagia output peringatan penggantian oli.
 
Prototype Atap Pintar Menggunakan Sensor Cahaya Dan Sensor Hujan Berbasis Internet of Things
Authors: Afrian Tendhy Ega , Susilo Dody , Sari Churnia
Published: September 2023

Pada zaman ini, Sistem otomatisasi cukup banyak digunakan untuk berbagai keperluan guna memudahkan pekerjaan manusia. Sistem ini dapat di  aplikasikan pada atap rumah yaitu untuk dapat membuka atau menutup atap secara otomatis. Saat ini di daerah perkotaan dan perumahan yang padat penduduk terkadang penghuni mengabaikan kenyamanan penghuni itu sendiri, terutama pada bagian belakang area dapur yang kurang sirkulasi udara dan pencahayaan langsung (Alami) karena di daerah perkotaan dan perumahan yang padat penduduk tembok saling berdempetan yang mengakibatkan tidak ada ruang untuk pemasangan jendela dan ventilasi udara pada dinding. Solusi dari permasalahan tersebut adalah dengan merancang Prototype Atap Pintar Menggunakan Sensor Cahaya dan Sensor Hujan Berbasis Internet of Things. Alat ini akan menggunakan dua sensor yaitu sensor cahaya (LDR) dan sensor hujan YL-83 sebagai input. Sensor cahaya digunakan untuk mengetahui kondisi gelap dan terang, sensor hujan digunakan untuk mengetahui hujan dan tidak hujan. Data dari dua buah sensor tersebut akan di terima oleh NodeMCU sebagai mikrokontroler yang kemudian memberikan perintah motor stepper untuk membuka dan menutup atap dan selanjutnya mengirim pesan ke telegram sebagai output.
Detection, localization, and quantification of single-source methane emissions on oil and gas production sites using point-in-space continuous monitoring systems
Authors: Daniels William , Jia Meng , Hammerling Dorit
Published: September 2023

We propose a generic, modular framework for methane emission event detection, localization, and quantification on oil and gas production sites that uses concentration and wind data collected by point-in-space continuous monitoring systems. The framework uses a gradient-based spike detection algorithm to estimate emission start and end times (event detection) and pattern matches simulated and observed concentrations to estimate emission source location (localization) and rate (quantification). We test the framework on a month of non-blinded, single-source controlled releases ranging from 0.50 to 8.25 hours in duration and 0.18 to 6.39 kg/hr in size. All controlled releases are identified and 82% are localized correctly. 5.5% of predicted events are false positives. For emissions < 1 kg/hr, the framework underestimates by -3.9% on average, with 90% of rate estimates within a percent difference of [-74.9%, 195.2%] or a factor difference of [-4.0, 3.0] from the true rate. For emissions > 1 kg/hr, the framework overestimates by 4.3% on average, with 90% of rate estimates within a percent difference of [-49.3%, 78.8%] or a factor difference of [-2.0, 1.8] from the true rate. Potential uses for the proposed framework include near real-time alerting for rapid emissions mitigation and emission quantification for data-driven inventory estimation on production sites.
Carbodiimide and Isocyanate Hydroboration by a Cyclic Carbodiphosphorane Catalyst
Authors: Janda Ben , Tran Julie , Chang Daniel , Nerhood Gabriela , Ogba O. Maduka , Liberman-Martin Allegra
Published: September 2023

We report hydroboration of carbodiimide and isocyanate substrates catalyzed by a cyclic carbodiphosphorane catalyst. The cyclic carbodiphosphorane outperformed the other Lewis basic carbon species tested, including other zerovalent carbon compounds, phosphorus ylides, an N-heterocyclic carbene, and an N-heterocyclic olefin. Hydroborations of seven carbodiimides and nine isocyanates were performed at room temperature to form N-boryl formamidine and N-boryl formamide products. Intermolecular competition experiments demonstrated the selective hydroboration of alkyl isocyanates over carbodiimide and ketone substrates. DFT calculations support a proposed mechanism involving activation of pinacolborane by the carbodiphosphorane catalyst, followed by hydride transfer and B–N bond formation.
Entropic Tug-of-War Determines Solvent Effects in the Liquid–Liquid Phase Separation of a Globular Protein
Authors: Mukherjee Saumyak , Ramos Sashary , Pezzotti Simone , Kalarikkal Abhishek , Prass Tobias M. , Galazzo Laura , Bordignon Enrica , Havenith Martina , Schafer Lars V.
Published: September 2023

Liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS) plays a key role in the compartmentalization of cells via the formation of biomolecular condensates. Here, we combined atomistic molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and terahertz (THz) spectroscopy to determine the solvent entropy contribution to the formation of condensates of the human eye lens protein γD-crystallin. The MD simulations reveal an entropy tug-of-war between water molecules that are released from the protein droplets and the ones that are retained within the condensates, two categories of water molecules that were also assigned spectroscopically. A recently developed THz calorimetry method enables a quantitative comparison of the experimental and computational entropy changes of the released water molecules. The strong correlation mutually validates the two approaches and opens the way to a detailed atomic-level understanding of the different driving forces underlying LLPS.
Engineering Tertiary Chirality in Helical Biopolymers
Authors: Janowski Jordan , Pham Van , Vecchioni Simon , Woloszyn Karol , Lu Brandon , Zou Yijia , Erkalo Betel , Perren Lara , Rueb Joe , Madnick Jesse , Mao Chengde , Saito Masahico , Ohayon Yoel , Jonoska Nataša , Sha Ruojie
Published: September 2023

Tertiary chirality describes the handedness of supramolecular assemblies and relies not only on the primary and secondary structures of the building blocks, but also on topological driving forces that have been sparsely characterized. Helical biopolymers, especially DNA, have been extensively investigated as they possess intrinsic chirality that determines the optical, mechanical, and physical properties of the ensuing material. Here we employ the DNA tensegrity triangle as a model system to locate the tipping points in chirality inversion at the tertiary level by X-ray diffraction. We engineer tensegrity triangle crystals with incremental rotational steps between immobile junctions from 3 to 28 base pairs (bp). We construct a mathematical model that accurately predicts and explains the molecular configurations in both this work and previous studies. Our design framework is extendable to other supramolecular assemblies of helical biopolymers and can be used in the design of chiral nanomaterials, optically-active molecules, and mesoporous frameworks.
Structure-Activity Relationship in NOD2 Agonistic Muramyl Dipeptides
Authors: Kamboj Aarzoo , Patil Madhuri , Petrovsky Nikolai , Salunke Deepak
Published: September 2023

Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 2 (NOD2) is a receptor of the innate immune system that is capable of perceiving bacterial and viral infections. Muramyl dipeptide (MDP, N-acetyl muramyl ¬L-alanyl-D-isoglutamine), identified as the minimal immunologically active component of bacterial cell wall peptidoglycan (PGN), is recognized by NOD2. In terms of biological activities, MDP demonstrated vaccine adjuvant activity and stimulated non-specific protection against bacterial, viral, and parasitic infections and tumors. However, MDP has certain drawbacks including pyrogenicity, rapid elimination, andlack of oral bioavailability. Several detailed structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies around MDP scaffolds are being carried out to identify better NOD2 ligands. The present review elaborates a comprehensive SAR summarizing structural aspects of MDP derivatives in relation to NOD2 agonistic activity.