bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A place to live: Housing needs for people with psychotic disorders identified in the second Australian national survey of psychosis
Authors: Harvey Carol , Killackey Eoin , Groves Aaron , Herrman Helen
Published: May 2012

Objective:

Access to adequate housing consistent with personal preferences and needs is a human right and supports recovery from psychosis. This study aimed to: (1) describe people with psychosis living in different housing types, and their preferences and needs; (2) explore selected demographic and social inclusion correlates in relation to housing; and (3) compare two subgroups – participants living in supported group accommodation and supported housing – on key demographic, functional, clinical and social inclusion variables.

Method:

Current housing, preferences, needs and assistance, and housing-related social inclusion variables were assessed in a two-phase prevalence survey conducted within seven catchment areas across five Australian states. Two supported housing models were compared: supported group accommodation and supported housing (rental accommodation with in-reach support). Descriptive statistics were used.

Results:

Of the total participants (n = 1825), one half were living in public or private rented housing (48.6%) and 22.7% were waiting for public housing. Despite being the preferred form of housing, only 13.1% were living in their own home. One in 20 participants (5.2%) was currently homeless; 12.8% had been homeless in the previous 12 months. Residents of supported group accommodation felt safer in their locality than those in supported housing, but experienced less privacy and choice.

Conclusions:

Although fewer participants were homeless compared with the first Australian survey of psychosis, the proportion remains high. Housing difficulties are experienced by people with psychoses living in various accommodation and concern housing adequacy and safety as well as autonomy and choice. Access to public housing is restricted compared with the identified need. Since residents of supported group accommodation felt safer in their locality than those in supported housing, but experienced less privacy and choice, each supported housing model may offer different advantages to people with psychosis, and contribute to services that support and maintain recovery.
Managing Medical Equipment Used by Technology-Dependent Children
Authors: Jackson Jennifer M. , Radulovic Andrea , Nageswaran Savithri
Published: May 2012

Objectives.

To evaluate the effectiveness of a workshop on managing medical devices used in technology-dependent children.

Methods.

Study participants included residents and medical students rotating in the pediatrics department at the time of the study. A workshop was conducted consisting of learning stations for common medical devices, including brief presentations and opportunities for hands-on practice with each device. Participants completed surveys before and after the workshop assessing their perceived ability to manage medical equipment before and after the workshop and their ongoing learning needs.

Results.

All participants indicated a substantial need for training on how to manage medical devices used by technology-dependent patients. Scores for perceived ability to manage the devices improved significantly after workshop participation for nearly all devices taught.

Conclusions.

Medical trainees have significant learning needs for managing devices used by technology-dependent patients. Hands-on, small-group training can be an effective instructional tool for improving confidence in these skills.
Multicultural Clinical Supervision and Benchmarks
Authors: Falender Carol A. , Burnes Theodore R. , Ellis Michael V.
Published: May 2012

The purpose of this Major Contribution is to provide background knowledge and context for competency-based clinical supervision and to showcase a diversity of methodologically sound empirical approaches to study effective supervision, including multiculturally competent supervision, and comparative perspectives on supervision cross-culturally. The intent is to begin to provide the empirical data necessary to assist the supervisor in supporting supervisees’ development of the benchmark competencies and to provide direction for future training of supervisors. Specifically, the articles in this major contribution address competencies in clinical supervision and the Competency Benchmarks on three pivotal topics: empirical support defining effective supervision, innovative empirically based approaches to cross-cultural and international supervision, and an empirical analysis of feminist supervision in a multiculturally diverse group context. Each of the articles addresses particular Competency Benchmarks and provides prototypical models of rigorous research procedures to inform the practice of multicultural supervision and training of supervisors, and implications.
Effective and Ineffective Supervision
Authors: Ladany Nicholas , Mori Yoko , Mehr Kristin E.
Published: May 2012

Although supervision is recognized as a significant tenant of professional growth for counseling and psychotherapy students, the variability of the effectiveness, or ineffectiveness, of supervision has come under scrutiny in recent times. Our sample of 128 participants shed light on the most effective (e.g., encouraged autonomy, strengthened the supervisory relationship, and facilitated open discussion) and most ineffective (e.g., depreciated supervision, performed ineffective client conceptualization and treatment, and weakened the supervisory relationship) supervisor skills, techniques, and behaviors. Moreover, effective and ineffective behaviors, along with best and worst supervisors, were significantly differentiated based on the supervisory working alliance, supervisor style, supervisor self-disclosure, supervisee nondisclosure, and supervisee evaluation. Implications for supervision competencies and supervisor accountability are discussed.
An Examination of Newness in Emerging Approaches to Counseling Intervention
Authors: Ridley Charles R. , Mollen Debra
Published: May 2012

In this reaction, we employ a critical lens as we evaluate three approaches to counseling intervention. In consideration of the assertion of the lead article’s authors that these approaches are novel and because of our fervent belief in the importance of establishing clear operationalizations, developing cogent theory to guide practice, and eliminating obfuscation, we offer several areas for consideration. We especially emphasize the importance of distinguishing original ideas from those that may be a repackaging of time-honored constructs rooted in earlier theories. We also seek clarification of ambiguous ideas. We offer our critique with the hope that the authors of this Major Contribution will continue to develop, refine, and enhance their work, and a critical discourse will ensue.
Perception of Sacredness at Heritage Religious Sites
Authors: Levi Daniel , Kocher Sara
Published: May 2012

Tourism at historic religious sites requires balancing the needs of historic preservation, the tourist experience, and community use of the site. The sacredness of these places is defined by the behaviors that occur there, the experience of users and visitors, and the meanings associated with the place by various groups. This research examines the tourist experience and perception of sacredness by Western tourists at Thai Buddhist sites. The tourist experience related to perceived authenticity, the aesthetics of the place, and its natural features, and the perceived sacredness related to the continued religious use of the site, presence of religious symbols, and historic preservation. Tourists and tourist-related commercial activities were the main detractors of the tourist experience and perceived sacredness.
Social-Psychological Factors Influencing Recreation Demand
Authors: Smith Jordan W. , Moore Roger L.
Published: May 2012

Traditional methods of estimating demand for recreation areas involve making inferences about individuals’ preferences. Frequently, the assumption is made that recreationists’ cost of traveling to a site is a reliable measure of the value they place on that resource and the recreation opportunities it provides. This assumption may ignore other important social-psychological factors influencing individuals’ behavior. In this study, the authors augment a traditional travel cost model with several of these factors, namely, individuals’ social-psychological attachment to the resource and their motivations for recreating there. Using data collected from two visitor use surveys of recreational rivers, the authors find that individuals’ affective and emotional attachments to recreation settings as well as certain desired recreation experiences have significant effects on recreation demand. These results reveal that various social-psychological constructs can be incorporated into a traditional travel cost model to create empirically and theoretically more robust estimates of recreation demand.
Rigid polyurethane foams obtained from tall oil and filled with natural fibers: Application as a support for immobilization of lignin-degrading microorganisms
Authors: Cabulis Ugis , Kirpluks Mikelis , Stirna Uldis , Lopez Maria J , Vargas-Garcia María del Carmen , Suárez-Estrella Francisca , Moreno Joaquin
Published: May 2012

The forest biomass represents an abundant, renewable, non-food competition, and low-cost resource that can play an alternative role to petro-resources. The first topic of the research activity is focused on the use of wood and a pulp mill by-product—tall oil —as raw materials for the production of rigid polyurethane foams. The maximum content of the renewable resource in ready foams is 26%. By using biopolymers as a matrix, a natural way is to reinforce them with natural fibers. Further advantages are significant weight and cost savings and, at the same time, replacement of petrochemical raw materials. Three different natural fibers (cellulose, wood, and modified cellulose) were tested as a filler of foams. Rigid polyurethane foams was used as biomass support particles for immobilization of microorganisms. Suspension cultures of the organism with biomass support particles can promote the adhesion of cells to the porous matrix surface, and subsequently the cells become immobilized during the cultivation. This method for cell immobilization has a great potential for enhancing the production of proteins or chemicals in culture supernatants. The presence of natural fibers in the matrix promotes the enzyme production because the material not only functions as an attachment place but also supplies some nutrients to the microorganism and induces the production of ligninolytic enzymes. This paper discusses the studies into the use of tall oil as a renewable source in rigid polyurethane foam production
Self-interconnection characteristics of hybrid composite with low-melting-point alloy fillers
Authors: Yim Byung-Seung , Oh Seung Hoon , Jeong Jin Sik , Kim Jong-Min
Published: May 2012

A novel hybrid composite with low-melting-point alloy fillers was fabricated and characterized through differential scanning calorimeter analysis and viscosity test. Based on the chemo-rheological properties of the hybrid composite, the hybrid interconnection process was determined. The effect of the reduction capability of hybrid composite on the rheology-coalescence-wetting phenomenon of low-melting-point alloy fillers into the hybrid composite was investigated. The hybrid composite has a low viscosity and did not show excessive curing around the melting point of the used low-melting-point alloy material. The low-viscosity characteristic of hybrid composite and the loading of reductant accelerated rheology-coalescence-wetting phenomenon of low-melting-point alloy fillers in hybrid composite significantly. X-ray image and cross-section view revealed a stable metallurgical interconnection between upper and corresponding lower electrode in hybrid composite with reduction capability. This stable metallurgical interconnection was reflected in much improved mechanical and electrical properties of the hybrid interconnection.
Unilateral Influence on International Bureaucrats
Authors: Urpelainen Johannes
Published: May 2012

The conventional wisdom emphasizes agency slack or bias as the central problem of international delegation. I show that the possibility of a unilateral influence contest is equally problematic. States can exert unilateral influence on autonomous international bureaucrats, either through rewards or through punishments, to pursue their particular interests. A costly contest results, so some states could refuse to delegate because they expect others to be too influential. The analysis has four counterintuitive empirical implications. First, international agreements often favor institutionally weak states that are disadvantaged in the unilateral influence contest. Second, states could limit the autonomy of an international organization even if this prompts bad policies. Third, a state can sometimes profitably exchange distributional concessions for autonomy. Finally, constraints on unilateral influence are possible only if a disadvantaged state can credibly commit to compensating an advantaged state for it. A central broader contribution of the analysis is to show how power politics influences the rational design of international institutions.
Arms Diffusion and War
Authors: Bas Muhammet A. , Coe Andrew J.
Published: May 2012

The authors present a model of the relationship between the spread of new military technologies and the occurrence of war. A new technology could shift the balance of power, causing anticipatory war as one side tries to prevent the other from obtaining it. When one side already has it, war is more likely when the shift in power is large, likely, and durable. When neither side has it, war is more likely when the expected shift is asymmetric (e.g., one side is more likely to get it) and when the two sides fear that a war will occur once one of them has it. The authors illustrate the model with historical examples from the spread of firearms (the Musket Wars in precolonial New Zealand) and of nuclear weapons (the end of US nuclear monopoly and the 1967 Six-Day War). A broader implication is that major power competition can unintentionally cause wars elsewhere.
Political Culture Congruence and Political Stability
Authors: Sheafer Tamir , Shenhav Shaul
Published: May 2012

The premise of the cultural congruence hypothesis is that the level of congruence between democratic values among the public and in political institutions of a country is an important indication of political stability: the greater the congruence, the greater the stability. Though this hypothesis was proposed almost fifty years ago, it has never been fully examined. A crucial weakness of the hypothesis is that it is blind to the direction of incongruence: instability increases if the public has either more or less freedom relative to their expectations. But based on what we learn from Prospect Theory, one may expect to find different behaviors in these two situations. The empirical analyses that follow confirm this expectation. The article also evaluates the congruence hypothesis in light of the institutional hypothesis. Rather than seeing these hypotheses as competing, the authors claim that it is more productive to focus on the interaction between them, thus improving their understanding of political stability.
Prediction of Intrastate Conflict Using State Structural Factors and Events Data
Authors: Tikuisis Peter , Carment David , Samy Yiagadeesen
Published: May 2012

The primary objective of this article is to advance the development of early warning of intrastate conflict by combining country-level structural and events data in a logistic regression model calibrated and validated using split-sample cases. Intrastate conflict is defined by the occurrence of one or more highly destabilizing events collectively termed a crisis of interest (COI). Two separate two-year periods between 1990 and 2005 were examined in twenty-five globally dispersed countries. COIs occurred in about 6 percent of all the half-monthly periods examined. While model accuracy (total correct predictions of COI and non-COI) usually exceeded 90 percent, the model did not generate sufficiently high and consistent precision (correct number of COI over total predicted) and recall (correct number of COI over total observed) for practical use.
Muenke Syndrome Mutation, FgfR3P244R, Causes TMJ Defects
Authors: Yasuda T. , Nah H.D. , Laurita J. , Kinumatsu T. , Shibukawa Y. , Shibutani T. , Minugh-Purvis N. , Pacifici M. , Koyama E.
Published: May 2012

Muenke syndrome is characterized by various craniofacial deformities and is caused by an autosomal-dominant activating mutation in fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 ( FGFR3P250R). Here, using mice carrying a corresponding mutation ( FgfR3P244R), we determined whether the mutation affects temporomandibular joint (TMJ) development and growth. In situ hybridization showed that FgfR3 was expressed in condylar chondroprogenitors and maturing chondrocytes that also expressed the Indian hedgehog (Ihh) receptor and transcriptional target Patched 1( Ptch1). In FgfR3P244R mutants, the condyles displayed reduced levels of Ihh expression, H4C-positive proliferating chondroprogenitors, and collagen type II- and type X-expressing chondrocytes. Primary bone spongiosa formation was also disturbed and was accompanied by increased osteoclastic activity and reduced trabecular bone formation. Treatment of wild-type condylar explants with recombinant FGF2/FGF9 decreased Ptch1 and PTHrP expression in superficial/polymorphic layers and proliferation in chondroprogenitors. We also observed early degenerative changes of condylar articular cartilage, abnormal development of the articular eminence/glenoid fossa in the TMJ, and fusion of the articular disc. Analysis of our data indicates that the activating FgfR3P244R mutation disturbs TMJ developmental processes, likely by reducing hedgehog signaling and endochondral ossification. We suggest that a balance between FGF and hedgehog signaling pathways is critical for the integrity of TMJ development and for the maintenance of cellular organization.
Coronectomy vs. Total Removal for Third Molar Extraction
Authors: Long H. , Zhou Y. , Liao L. , Pyakurel U. , Wang Y. , Lai W.
Published: May 2012

The objective of this systematic review was to compare the outcomes between coronectomy and total removal for third molar extractions with high risk of nerve injury and to help practitioners make prudent decisions on whether and how third molars should be removed. PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CENTRAL, and SIGLE were searched from January 1990 to October 2011 for randomized or non-randomized controlled trials. Four studies met our inclusion criteria. The pooled risk ratio (coronectomy vs. total removal) was 0.11 (95% CI = 0.03-0.36), 1.03 (95% CI = 0.54-1.98), 0.55 (95% CI = 0.28-1.05), and 1.14 (95% CI = 0.57-2.30) for inferior alveolar nerve injury, post-operative infection, dry socket, and pain at 1 wk after surgery, respectively. A relatively high rate of failed coronectomy in one study (38.3%, compared with 2.3%-9.4% in others) may be attributed to a higher proportion of narrowing roots and vertical impactions. Although root migration rate was high (13.2%-85.29%), the migration distances were short (3.06 ± 1.67 mm), and the directions were away from the nerves. Moreover, the rates of re-operation and root exposure were low. Therefore, coronectomy appears superior to total removal for reducing inferior alveolar nerve damage and could be used in clinical practice for third molar extractions with high risk of nerve injury.
Generalized Transport Mean Shift algorithm for ubiquitous intelligence
Authors: Sunat Khamron , Padungweang Panida , Chiewchanwattana Sirapat
Published: May 2012

Much research has been conducted recently relating to ubiquitous intelligent computing. Ubiquitous intelligence-enabled techniques, such as clustering and image segmentation, have focused on the development of intelligence methodologies. In this paper, a simultaneous mode-seeking and clustering algorithm called the Generalized Transport Mean Shift (GTMS) was introduced. The data points were designated as the ‘transporter–trailer’ characteristic. The important concept of transportation was used to solve the problem of redundant computations of mode-seeking algorithms. The time complexity of the GTMS algorithm is much lower than that of the Mean Shift (MS) algorithm. This means it is able to be used in a problem that has a very high data point, in particular, the segmentation of images containing the green vegetation. The proposed algorithm was tested on clustering and image-segmentation problems. The experimental results showed that the GTMS algorithm improves upon the existing algorithms in terms of both accuracy and time consumption. The GTMS algorithm’s highest speed is also 333.98 times faster than that of the standard MS algorithm. The redundancy computation can be reduced by omitting more than 90% of the data points at the third iteration of the mode-seeking process. This is because GTMS algorithm mainly reduces the data in the mode-seeking process. Thus, use of the GTMS algorithm would allow for the building of an intelligent portable device for surveying green vegetables in a ubiquitous environment.
Re-envisioning the Olympic Games: Paul’s use of athletic imagery in Philippians
Authors: Arnold Bradley
Published: May 2012

This essay explores how Paul uses athletic imagery to re-envision the Christian life in his letter to the Philippians. In order to explore how Paul is using athletic imagery I first examine some common associations with athletes in the ancient world. Then I discuss how someone contemporaneous with Paul, Epictetus, appropriated athletic language for his moral philosophical purposes. With this context in view I examine Paul’s usage of athletics, specifically focusing on Philippians 3.13–14. I argue that Paul uses the image of the runner in this passage to vividly portray his autobiography (3.5–11), which makes use of the common associations with the runner and is structured similarly to that of Epictetus’ usage of athletics. Given this imagery’s central position in chapter 3 and how it relates to other aspects of the letter, I then explore its connection to Paul’s overarching aim. I conclude that the athletic imagery in Philippians 3.13–14 actually encapsulates what Paul is aiming to do in this letter.
The churches and the Olympics
Authors: Cornick David
Published: May 2012

This article describes the churches’ response to the challenge of the London Olympics and Paralympics. It notes the work of denominations and the ecumenical response through More Than Gold. It suggests that the experience points to new developments in ecumenism and highlights the lack of a theology of sport. It suggests that the Church will be deeply engaged in enabling participation in the Games, and in raising questions about their legacy.
Connecting Teacher Efficacy Beliefs in Promoting Resilience to Support of Latino Students
Authors: Sosa Teresa , Gomez Kimberley
Published: May 2012

This article explores the connection of teacher self-efficacy beliefs in promoting student resilience to teaching practice and support of Latino students. Results suggest that efficacy beliefs related to resilience are linked to building important relationships through connecting with students, building on their experiences and knowledge, and understanding the issues they confront. In particular, important to strengthening the academic resilience of Latino students are teachers’ views of their use of Spanish as an asset in their learning as well as the sensitivity teachers displayed around the added stressors Latino students face, such as discrimination and immigrant status.
Local Welfare Systems: A Challenge for Social Cohesion
Authors: Andreotti Alberta , Mingione Enzo , Polizzi Emanuele
Published: May 2012

In recent decades, local welfare systems have been emerging in many Western countries as a consequence of bottom–up and top–down transformative pressures. Local welfare systems are defined as dynamic arrangements in which the specific local socioeconomic and cultural conditions give rise to different mixes of formal and informal actors, public or not, involved in the provision of welfare resources. This article presents some of the most important implications related to the emergence of local welfare systems and the challenges they face in seeking to build social cohesion. After a brief description of the reasons that justify a local approach to welfare, an account is provided of the scientific debate on local welfare and an indication given of the possible relations and tensions between the emergence of local welfare systems and the production of social cohesion.
Anarchism and Counterinformation in Documentaries
Authors: Prado Antonio
Published: May 2012

The work of anarchist collectives in the film industry during the Spanish Civil War and the video documentaries of Grupo Alavío in post-2001 Argentina, as represented in two documentaries that attest to historical moments of worker self-management, shows historical and aesthetic intersections. Both were devoted to disseminating information counter to the official line of the mass media, and in neither was there a desire to take over the state; instead, the movements they represented denied the very legitimacy of the state. In the tradition of the Soviet filmmaker Dziga Vertov, both crafted meanings out of sequences of images of all kinds, and both paid homage to the masses awakening to social emancipation. Similarly to the Soviet film vanguard of the 1920s, both can be understood as organic parts of the transformations that they portrayed.

La obra de colectivos anarquistas en la industria del cine durante la Guerra Civil Española y los video-documentales del Grupo Alavío en la Argentina del pos 2001, representadas en dos documentales que atestiguan los momentos históricos de auto-gestión laboral, demuestran una intersección histórica y estética. Ambas se dedicaban a la difusión de información contraria a la línea oficial de los medios de comunicación, y ninguna deseaba apoderarse del estado; en lugar de ello los movimientos que representaban negaban la propia legitimidad del estado. En la tradición del cineasta soviético Dziga Vertov, ambos elaboraban significados de secuencias de imágenes de todo tipo, y ambos prestaron homenaje al despertar de las masas y la emancipación social. Igual a la vanguardia del cine soviético de los años mil novecientos veinte, ambos pueden entenderse como piezas orgánicas de la transformación que retrataban.
The Split-Person Narrative
Authors: Wilson Kristi
Published: May 2012

The Argentine director Albertina Carri’s documentary/docudrama Los rubios confounds the binary between postmodern and neoconservative trends in recent Latin American cultural studies and popular media. It breaks the mold for ways in which the sons and daughters of the victims of political genocide can talk about their memories, inviting a pointedly feminist/postmodernist reading that plays with Baudrillard’s notion of seduction in its challenge to established order. Carri’s apparently postmodern rejection of the truth, facts, and master narratives expected from the politically involved descendants of disappeared activists opens up critical spaces for reflection about the discourse of meaning.

El documental/docudrama de la directora argentina Albertina Carri, Los Rubios, confunde la binaria entre las tendencias posmodernas y neoconservadoras en los estudios recientes de la cultura y medios populares latinoamericanos. Se rompen los moldes por los cuales los hijos e hijas de las victimas del genocidio político pueden hablar de sus memorias, invitando una lectura intencionadamente feminista/posmodernista que juega con la noción baudrillardista de la seducción en su reto al orden establecido. Lo que aparenta ser un rechazo posmoderno de la verdad, los hechos y narrativas maestras esperadas de los políticamente involucrados descendientes de desaparecidos abre espacios críticos para la reflexión del discurso del significado.
Hellenistic Greek and the New Testament: A Stylometric Perspective
Authors: Mealand David L.
Published: May 2012

New Testament texts are compared with texts from the Septuagint and from writers of Standard Hellenistic Greek (SHG). The aim is to identify which texts are similar in style to which, and which texts differ most from each other. The criteria which are used are 30 very common words and word-endings: prepositions, conjunctions, connectives, particles and some genitive endings. Such items are good stylistic markers in Greek and other languages. Results show first that texts in a more Semitic Greek (Revelation, 4 Kingdoms) differ most from Dionysius of Halicarnassus and Polybius, who make much more use of δέ, πɛρί, κατά and the genitive endings. Some might call this a difference of dialect. Luke–Acts lies between these extremes. There is also a second major type of difference between narratives and argumentative epistles, as the latter make much greater use of ἀλλά, γάρ, οὐ̑ν, ɛἰ, οὐ, μή. Speeches and treatises lie between these extremes. This second difference is one of genre or register.
Mirror-Reading Moral Issues in Paul’s Letters
Authors: Gupta Nijay K.
Published: May 2012

Biblical interpreters have long recognized the need to engage in mirror-reading when it comes to studying the apostle Paul’s letters, as they are ‘occasional’ writings, where an understanding of the context of the wider conversation gives insight into the proper understanding of the text’s meaning. In 1987, John Barclay made a key contribution to the practice of interpreting Paul’s letters by offering a criticism of unwieldy attempts at mirror-reading and by presenting a methodological standard for how mirror-reading can and should be carried out. While Barclay’s article has brought a helpful critical standard to the practice of mirror-reading Paul’s letters in general, his methodology was focused specifically on texts where the interest is in false teaching and polemics (as in his test-case of Galatians). This article attempts to draw from the approach that Barclay set forth with an interest in tailoring it to fit the needs of studying an occasional letter where moral issues are central to the text. After examining Barclay’s method, addressing the need for a similar approach to moral concerns in Paul’s letters, and developing a new method appropriate to that subject matter, the topic of sexual immorality in 1 Thessalonians and Romans will serve as test-cases of this re-applied approach to mirror-reading.
The Warning against Idolatry: An Intertextual Examination of Septuagintal Warnings in Hebrews
Authors: Whitlark Jason
Published: May 2012

The Letter to ‘the Hebrews’ is concerned with the ultimate allegiance of its Christian audience. Scholarship on Hebrews, however, is not unanimous regarding the nature of the pressures and temptations which endangered that allegiance. An intertextual examination of many of the septuagintal quotations and allusions used in the warnings against infidelity in Hebrews can provide a fresh perspective on this debate. These quotations and images from the Septuagint draw upon texts that warn against idolatry. Jewish and Christian polemic against idolatry was typically employed to resist compromise with the pagan milieu. This article will argue that by employing these septuagintal texts against idolatry, the author of Hebrews is fortifying his audience against assimilating to its pagan context.
Quantifying the value of knowledge exports from librarianship and information science research
Authors: Hessey Rachel , Willett Peter
Published: May 2012

Import–export studies use citation data to describe the exchange of knowledge and ideas between different disciplines. This paper reports the use of journal impact factors (IF) to quantify the extent to which an individual discipline, specifically librarianship and information science (LIS), is able to export knowledge to other disciplines. Web of Science searches were used to identify citations to 232 high quality LIS publications extracted from submissions to the UK’s 2008 Research Assessment Exercise. These publications resulted in 1061 knowledge exports to 444 unique, non-LIS citing journals, for which IFs were taken from the Journal Citation Reports database and normalised in order to minimise inter-disciplinary differences in citation behaviour. Non-LIS citing journals are shown to have IFs that are above the average for their subject categories, with this pattern of behaviour being considerably more pronounced for citations to LIS research published in non-LIS, rather than LIS, journals.
Canadian Families’ Strategies for Employment and Care for Preschool Children
Authors: Ornstein Michael , Stalker Glenn J.
Published: May 2012

Based on the 2006 Canadian Census “long form” sample of one in every five households, the authors develop a detailed typology of family strategies for employment and the care of preschool children. The analysis is restricted to opposite-sex couples with at least one child under age 6 and no older child or other adult in the household. The typology reveals the persistence of a highly gendered division of labor whereby mothers do more child care and men more paid employment. Multinomial regression reveals strong but nonmonotonic effects of age and education on a couple’s strategy. When the partners differ in age or education, the family’s choice of strategy depends on which partner is older and has more education. The authors interpret the findings as more consistent with gender theory perspectives on family models of employment and domestic work.
Proliferative and Nonproliferative Lesions of the Rat and Mouse Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems
Authors: Kaufmann Wolfgang , Bolon Brad , Bradley Alys , Butt Mark , Czasch Stephanie , Garman Robert H. , George Catherine , Gröters Sibylle , Krinke Georg , Little Peter , McKay Jenny , Narama Isao , Rao Deepa , Shibutani Makoto , Sills Robert
Published: May 2012

Harmonization of diagnostic nomenclature used in the pathology analysis of tissues from rodent toxicity studies will enhance the comparability and consistency of data sets from different laboratories worldwide. The INHAND Project ( International Harmonization of Nomenclature and Diagnostic Criteria for Lesions in Rats and Mice) is a joint initiative of four major societies of toxicologic pathology to develop a globally recognized nomenclature for proliferative and nonproliferative lesions in rodents. This article recommends standardized terms for classifying changes observed in tissues of the mouse and rat central (CNS) and peripheral (PNS) nervous systems. Sources of material include academic, government, and industrial histopathology databases from around the world. Covered lesions include frequent, spontaneous, and aging-related changes as well as principal toxicant-induced findings. Common artifacts that might be confused with genuine lesions are also illustrated. The neural nomenclature presented in this document is also available electronically on the Internet at the goRENI website ( http://www.goreni.org/ ).
Cognitive Skills and Academic Achievement of Deaf Children with Cochlear Implants
Authors: Huber Maria , Kipman Ulrike
Published: May 2012

Objective

To compare cognitive performance between children with cochlear implants (CI) and normal‐hearing peers; provide information about correlations between cognitive performance, basic academic achievement, and medical/audiological and social background variables; and assess the predictor quality of these variables for cognition.

Study Design

Cross‐sectional study with comparison group, diagnostic test assessment.

Setting

Data were collected in the authors’ clinic (children with CI) and in Austrian schools (normal‐hearing children).

Subjects and Methods

Forty children with CI (of the initial 65 children eligible for this study), aged 7 to 11 years, and 40 normal‐hearing children, matched by age and sex, were tested with (a) the Culture Fair Intelligence Test (CFIT); (b) the Number Sequences subtest of the Heidelberger Rechentest 1‐4 (HRT); (c) Comprehension, (d) Coding, (e) Digit Span, and (f) Vocabulary subtests of HAWIK III (German WISC III); (g) the Corsi Block Tapping Test; (h) the Arithmetic Operations subtests of the HRT; and (i) Salzburger Lese–Screening (SLS, reading). In addition, medical, audiological, social, and educational data from children with CI were collected.

Results

The children with CI equaled normal‐hearing children in (a), (d), (e), (g), (h), and (i) and performed significantly worse in (b), (c) and (f). Background variables correlate significantly with cognitive skills and academic achievement. Medical/audiological variables explain 44.3% of the variance in CFT1 (CFIT, younger children). Social variables explain 55% of CFT1 and 24.5% of the Corsi test.

Conclusions

This study augments the knowledge about cognitive skills and academic skills of children with CI. Cognitive performance is dependent on the early feasibility to hear and the social/educational background of the family.
The contradictions of individualized activation policy: Explaining the rise and demise of One to One Service in Australia
Authors: Howard Cosmo
Published: May 2012

Recent research has documented a trend towards the individualization of activation policies. This study reviews a radical Australian effort to personalize the delivery of activation policies called the One to One Service initiative, which was abandoned shortly after its introduction. The paper asks: what does the brief and tumultuous tenure of this initiative reveal about the role of the individual in contemporary welfare administration and activation policy? Based on a theoretical engagement with the works of Ulrich Beck, Elizabeth Beck-Gernsheim and Anthony Giddens, and an ethnographic study of frontline interactions in Centrelink, Australia’s national benefits agency, the paper argues we should understand the rise and fall of One to One Service in terms of contradictions between two competing forms of contemporary welfare individualization, referred to as ‘democratic relationships’ and ‘compulsory choice’. One to One Service represented a push for individualized, democratic relationships between staff and clients; yet it was undermined because policy makers chose to emphasize an alternative form of individualization premised on forcing recipients to take responsibility for their lives and move off welfare. The findings have implications for the individualization, street level bureaucracy, and activation policy literatures.
Children’s best interests and intimate partner violence in the Canadian family law and child protection systems
Authors: Hughes Judy , Chau Shirley
Published: May 2012

This article summarizes the findings of a project investigating women’s experiences with the Canadian child protection (CPS) and family law (FLS) systems. We examine both service systems together here because although both privilege children’s best interests as their primary consideration and define the concept similarly, the two systems diverge in their expectations of women relative to child custody. While FLS requires women to accept custody arrangements that provide close and continued contact between themselves and their former abusive partners, CPS expects women to leave these same abusive partners or risk removal of their children. The results of thirty-five qualitative interviews with women demonstrate their struggles, firstly, in having their experiences of intimate partner violence (IPV) recognized by professionals in the FLS, and, secondly, in becoming caught between the opposing expectations of CPS and FLS while not receiving help from either. Recommendations for change to improve these services are included in this article.
Towards a mixed economy of long-term care in Norway?
Authors: Christensen Karen
Published: May 2012

Norway has an international reputation as a representative of Scandinavian social democratic welfare regimes which strengthen their citizens’ independence of the market and family. This picture can be challenged on the basis of an analysis of current changes in Norwegian long-term care policies and practices. Taking its departure from the different public/private distinctions unpacked by Jeff Weintraub, the article analyses the different ways Norwegian public long-term care services today relate to three different private forms. One is based on the liberal economic model and consists of a private care market. A second represents a classical individual-state approach and relates rather to the new consumer directed citizenship. A third approach is feminist inspired and relates to the impact of informal help on long-term care. In general, the discussion contributes to a more complex understanding of new forms of public/private relationships in the Scandinavian part of the world.
Religion, public policy and equalizing opportunities
Authors: Green Alison , Barton Adrian , Johns Nick
Published: May 2012

This paper examines the role of Faith-Based Groups (FBGs) in social and public policy. Specifically it provides an analysis of the conflicts that can arise between the culture and values of different FBGs and welfare provision. Its purpose is to clarify the source of this conflict and to contribute a balanced discussion on how equality legislation should apply to different religious groups. We commence by providing some historical and policy context, but rapidly move on to discuss very current and contemporary debates that are taking place in FBGs and in government. The use of a model showing the way that particular social welfare provision contributes to equality of opportunity and/or community cohesion allows the reader to clearly see where the tensions can arise for policy makers in deciding where to allocate provision.
Crisis social policy and the resilience of the concept of community
Authors: Hancock Lynn , Mooney Gerry , Neal Sarah
Published: May 2012

This paper considers the continuing resilience of the notion of community in social policy making and wider political commentary in the contemporary UK. Focusing in particular on the ways in which community is negatively and positively invoked and mobilized in narratives of the ‘big’ and ‘broken’ societies, it considers why the notion of community, so popular with the previous New Labour government, continues to enchant the present UK Coalition government and has been given added resonance in the context of the economic crisis and of the ‘austerity’ measures currently being adopted. The paper argues that placing community at the heart of current welfare provision illuminates a number of tensions in the UK government’s policy-making agenda. Informed by a discussion of Liverpool – once one of the big society ‘laboratories’ – we highlight the contradictions between top-down, depoliticized understandings of community and the types of community engagement and participation that are to be found in poor, disadvantaged communities in particular. Such communities are also where the impact of UK government ‘austerity’ measures are being most keenly felt.
Telling stories of 21st century welfare: The UK Coalition government and the neo-liberal discourse of worklessness and dependency
Authors: Wiggan Jay
Published: May 2012

Policy documents are a useful source for understanding the privileging of particular ideological and policy preferences (Scrase and Ockwell, 2010) and how the language and imagery may help to construct society’s assumptions, values and beliefs. This article examines how the UK Coalition government’s 2010 Green Paper, 21st Century Welfare, and the White Paper, Universal Credit: Welfare that Works, assist in constructing a discourse about social security that favours a renewal and deepening of neo-liberalization in the context of threats to its hegemony. The documents marginalize the structural aspects of persistent unemployment and poverty by transforming these into individual pathologies of benefit dependency and worklessness. The consequence is that familiar neo-liberal policy measures favouring the intensification of punitive conditionality and economic rationality can be portrayed as new and innovative solutions to address Britain’s supposedly broken society and restore economic competitiveness.
Devolution in Northern Ireland: A lost opportunity?
Authors: Horgan Goretti , Gray Ann Marie
Published: May 2012

This paper examines social policy developments in Northern Ireland since the May 2011 election. In many areas of social policy Northern Ireland lags behind other regions of the UK, the results of decades of neglect of economic and social policy, and years of conflict. The mandatory coalition established under devolution presents particular challenges for policy making but there had been optimism that devolved structures would be more responsive to Northern Ireland’s particular circumstances. However, this paper argues that the lack of progress or vision evident in the previous period of government shows no sign of improving during the current mandate. It provides examples to illustrate problems caused by the failure to link economic and social policy, a silo mentality and the dominance of a neo-liberal agenda.
Nurturing young student mathematicians
Authors: Gavin M. Katherine , Casa Tutita M.
Published: May 2012

Developing mathematical talent in our students should be of primary consideration in education today as nations respond to the challenges of economic crises and ever-changing technological advances. This paper describes two U.S. federally funded curriculum projects, Project M3, Mentoring Mathematical Minds, and Project M2, Mentoring Young Mathematicians for students ages 5 through 12. These projects foster in-depth understanding of advanced mathematical concepts by challenging and motivating students to solve and discuss high-level problems in a fashion similar to practicing mathematicians. The curricula have undergone national field tests with proven research results showing significant achievement gains for students studying the curricula over a comparison group of like-ability students. This paper outlines the philosophy behind each program and its connection to the literature and best practices in the fields of gifted education and mathematics education. Next, specific instructional strategies integral to both curricula are outlined. These strategies help teachers establish a community of learners that promotes rich discussions as a platform for posing and solving interesting problems, constructing viable arguments, and defending as well as critiquing solutions. Finally, strategies to help young student mathematicians develop clear and logical written justifications for their mathematical reasoning and share their creative insights are described.
Nationwide network of TalentPoints
Authors: Csermely Peter , Rajnai Gábor , Sulyok Katalin
Published: May 2012

In 2006 a novel approach to talent support was promoted by several talent support programmes in Hungary. The new idea was a network approach. The nationwide network of so-called TalentPoints and its framework, the Hungarian Genius Program, gained substantial European Union funding in 2009, and today it is growing rapidly. A novel concept of talent is also used by the programme: it perceives everyone as potentially gifted. The Hungarian Genius Program organizes the festive events of Talent Days on regional, national and European levels, sets up Talent Support Councils and has introduced the Talent Loan programme.