bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Climate Change Risk of Urban Growth and Land Use/Land Cover Conversion: An In-Depth Review of the Recent Research in Iran
Authors: Esfandeh Sorour , Danehkar Afshin , Salmanmahiny Abdolrassoul , Sadeghi Seyed Mohammad Moein , Marcu Marina Viorela
Published: December 2021

This research is the first literature review of the past three decades’ studies on the effects of urban development and land use/land cover (LULC) change on Iran’s climate change. For this purpose, 67 articles were found, evaluated, and classified according to the spatial and temporal scale, case study, period, data type, climatic factor, methodology, and meteorological data. Moreover, the reviewed literature methodologies were classified according to the purpose, method, and data source. According to the spatial-scale results, national- and city-level studies had the lowest and highest numbers, respectively. Tehran was the most case studies because Tehran is Iran’s capital and the largest metropolitan city. In terms of the temporal scale, studies predicting future changes (urban development and climate change) included 5% of the total literature. Satellite images were the most applied data in the reviewed literature (58%). Overall, 79% of the studies used temperature-related factors to explain the climatic impacts of urban growth and LULC conversion. Spatial modeling with 52% publications was the most used method, while numerical modeling with 12% studies was the least used method. This review showed broad study gaps in applying numerical models, neighborhood scales, urban micro-scale parameters, and long-term projections forecasts due to rapid urban development in Iran compared to the rest of the world. Therefore, our synthesis will assist researchers in facilitating better design for future studies in Iran and similar countries.
Viewing Sports Online during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Antecedent Effects of Social Presence on the Technology Acceptance Model
Authors: Chang Chia-Jung , Hsu Bryan Cheng-Yu , Chen Mei-Yen
Published: December 2021

The outbreak of COVID-19 in 2020 has posed several challenges to the sporting industry, caused by the change in behavior of sporting fans from purchasing event tickets to watching live broadcasts of events on the Internet. This study aims to gain a deeper understanding of fan behavior in this “new normal”. It adopts a technology acceptance model (TAM) to explore the effects of social presence (SP) in the context of online viewing of professional sports. For this purpose, the authors conducted an online survey of viewers who watched NBA sports events on the Amazon Mechanical Turk website using the Together Mode feature of Microsoft Teams. We collected 209 valid questionnaires and performed a partial least squares structural equation modeling analysis. The results showed that the SP-TAM structural model has adequate predictive relevance, and SP has a statistically significant positive relationship with both perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness. The model was thus validated, contributing to the existing body of knowledge on emerging technologies such as the creation of a virtual audience in sports. The study’s findings suggest that technology developers should focus on the effects of SP and emphasize practical functions to increase the use intention of sporting fans. Furthermore, professional sporting leagues should prioritize the use of virtual fan technology to optimize the viewing experience of their fans.
Analysis on Spatio-Temporal Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Industrial Green Innovation Efficiency—From the Perspective of Innovation Value Chain
Authors: Liu Pengzhen , Zhang Liyuan , Tarbert Heather , Yan Ziyu
Published: December 2021

Green innovation has become an important combination of high-quality economic growth and ecological sustainability. In this paper, the super-efficiency network SBM model was used to measure the two-stage green innovation efficiency of the industrial technology research and development (R&D) stage and achievement transformation stage in China (30 provinces and cities) from 2009 to 2019. The results show the following points. Firstly, in terms of temporal series, the efficiency of technology R&D and achievement transformation has experienced three stages of “upward-declining-revitalized period”. Secondly, in terms of spatial trend, the industrial green innovation efficiency gradually increases from northwest to southeast. The high-efficiency areas are still concentrated in the eastern coastal region, with a clear trend towards balanced development in the central and western regions. Finally, openness, industrial structure, government technical expenditures, enterprise scale, and environmental regulation all have different degrees of impact on the efficiency of green innovation in the two stages. Based on the above, this paper is helpful for the government to formulate laws and regulations and coordinate the level of regional economic development and clarify the spatio-temporal characteristics and influencing factors of the efficiency of green innovation.
Social Sustainability and Professional Migration in the Educational Space of Russian Schools Based on the Results of a Sociological Study
Authors: Kataev Dmitry Valentinovich , Tarasov Alexey Nikolaevich , Burmykina Irina Viktorovna , Bogomolova Alla Viktorovna , Fedina Nina Vladimirovna
Published: December 2021

This research aims to substantiate the legitimacy of the simultaneous application of two competing sociological paradigms in studying professional (labor) migration of teachers and teacher education graduates, i.e., to use the “strategy of mixing methods”: the mobilities turn and the place attachment. This synthesis-based methodological approach includes micro and macro levels and neo-positivistic and individualistic phenomenology. It was substantiated during a sociological survey in 18 regions of the Russian Federation in August–September 2021. The survey respondents were 3065 teachers and 1132 teacher education graduates, and 255 respondents acted as experts, including six rectors of higher educational institutions of Russia, heads of regional and municipal education authorities (47 persons), and 202 directors of Russian schools. This study has highlighted the unique characteristics of labor migration in the educational space of the Russian school. As empirical research has shown, the reasons for professional migration, in general, and the migration of teachers and teacher education graduates, particularly, are largely similar and stem primarily from material factors. It has also shown that the reasons associated with personal and professional development opportunities should be considered. The identification of ideal factors was made possible by dividing respondents into five groups by criterion of integrating micro- and macro-problems.
A New Bivariate Random Coefficient INAR(1) Model with Applications
Authors: Li Qi , Chen Huaping , Liu Xiufang
Published: December 2021

Excess zeros is a common phenomenon in time series of counts, but it is not well studied in asymmetrically structured bivariate cases. To fill this gap, we first considered a new first-order, bivariate, random coefficient, integer-valued autoregressive model with a bivariate innovation, which follows the asymmetric Hermite distuibution with five parameters. An attractive advantage of the new model is that the dependence between series is achieved by innovative parts and the cross-dependence of the series. In addition, the time series of counts are modeled with excess zeros, low counts and low over-dispersion. Next, we established the stationarity and ergodicity of the new model and found its stochastic properties. We discuss the conditional maximum likelihood (CML) estimate and its asymptotic property. We assessed finite sample performances of estimators through a simulation study. Finally, we demonstrate the superiority of the proposed model by analyzing an artificial dataset and a real dataset.
Development of a Porcine Slaughterhouse Kidney Perfusion Model
Authors: Venema Leonie H. , Leuvenink Henri G. D.
Published: December 2021

Machine perfusion techniques are becoming standard care in the clinical donation and transplantation setting. However, more research is needed to understand the mechanisms of the protective effects of machine perfusion. For preservation related experiments, porcine kidneys are acceptable alternatives to human kidneys, because of their size and similar physiology. In this experiment, the use of slaughterhouse kidneys was evaluated with normothermic kidney perfusion (NKP), thereby avoiding the use of laboratory animals. Porcine kidneys were derived from two local abattoirs. To induce different degrees of injury, different warm ischemic times and preservation techniques were used. After preservation, kidneys were reperfused for 4 h with two different NKP solutions to test renal function and damage. The effect of the preservation technique or a short warm ischemic time was clearly seen in functional markers, such as creatinine clearance and fractional sodium excretion levels, as well as in the generic damage marker lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Porcine slaughterhouse kidneys are a useful alternative to laboratory animals for transplantation- and preservation-related research questions. To maintain kidney function during NKP, a short warm ischemic time or hypothermic machine perfusion during the preservation phase are mandatory.
Potential Role of Flavivirus NS2B-NS3 Proteases in Viral Pathogenesis and Anti-flavivirus Drug Discovery Employing Animal Cells and Models: A Review
Authors: Wahaab Abdul , Mustafa Bahar E , Hameed Muddassar , Stevenson Nigel J. , Anwar Muhammad Naveed , Liu Ke , Wei Jianchao , Qiu Yafeng , Ma Zhiyong
Published: December 2021

Flaviviruses are known to cause a variety of diseases in humans in different parts of the world. There are very limited numbers of antivirals to combat flavivirus infection, and therefore new drug targets must be explored. The flavivirus NS2B-NS3 proteases are responsible for the cleavage of the flavivirus polyprotein, which is necessary for productive viral infection and for causing clinical infections; therefore, they are a promising drug target for devising novel drugs against different flaviviruses. This review highlights the structural details of the NS2B-NS3 proteases of different flaviviruses, and also describes potential antiviral drugs that can interfere with the viral protease activity, as determined by various studies. Moreover, optimized in vitro reaction conditions for studying the NS2B-NS3 proteases of different flaviviruses may vary and have been incorporated in this review. The increasing availability of the in silico and crystallographic/structural details of flavivirus NS2B-NS3 proteases in free and drug-bound states can pave the path for the development of promising antiflavivirus drugs to be used in clinics. However, there is a paucity of information available on using animal cells and models for studying flavivirus NS2B-NS3 proteases, as well as on the testing of the antiviral drug efficacy against NS2B-NS3 proteases. Therefore, on the basis of recent studies, an effort has also been made to propose potential cellular and animal models for the study of flavivirus NS2B-NS3 proteases for the purposes of exploring flavivirus pathogenesis and for testing the efficacy of possible drugs targets, in vitro and in vivo.
Mediators of Racial Differences in COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance and Uptake: A Cohort Study in Detroit, MI
Authors: Wagner Abram L. , Wileden Lydia , Shanks Trina R. , Goold Susan Door , Morenoff Jeffrey D. , Sheinfeld Gorin Sherri N.
Published: December 2021

Despite their disparate rates of infection and mortality, many communities of color report high levels of vaccine hesitancy. This paper describes racial differences in COVID-19 vaccine uptake in Detroit, and assesses, using a mediation model, how individuals’ personal experiences with COVID-19 and trust in authorities mediate racial disparities in vaccination acceptance. The Detroit Metro Area Communities Study (DMACS) is a panel survey of a representative sample of Detroit residents. There were 1012 respondents in the October 2020 wave, of which 856 (83%) were followed up in June 2021. We model the impact of race and ethnicity on vaccination uptake using multivariable logistic regression, and report mediation through direct experiences with COVID as well as trust in government and in healthcare providers. Within Detroit, only 58% of Non-Hispanic (NH) Black residents were vaccinated, compared to 82% of Non-Hispanic white Detroiters, 50% of Hispanic Detroiters, and 52% of other racial/ethnic groups. Trust in healthcare providers and experiences with friends and family dying from COVID-19 varied significantly by race/ethnicity. The mediation analysis reveals that 23% of the differences in vaccine uptake by race could be eliminated if NH Black Detroiters were to have levels of trust in healthcare providers similar to those among NH white Detroiters. Our analyses suggest that efforts to improve relationships among healthcare providers and NH Black communities in Detroit are critical to overcoming local COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. Increased study of and intervention in these communities is critical to building trust and managing widespread health crises.
Allergy Associated Myocardial Infarction: A Comprehensive Report of Clinical Presentation, Diagnosis and Management of Kounis Syndrome
Authors: Roumeliotis Anastasios , Davlouros Periklis , Anastasopoulou Maria , Tsigkas Grigorios , Koniari Ioanna , Mplani Virginia , Hahalis Georgios , Kounis Nicholas
Published: December 2021

Kounis syndrome (KS) has been defined as acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in the context of a hypersensitivity reaction. Patients may present with normal coronary arteries (Type I), established coronary artery disease (Type II) or in-stent thrombosis and restenosis (Type III). We searched PubMed until 1 January 2020 for KS case reports. Patients with age <18 years, non-coronary vascular manifestations or without an established diagnosis were excluded. Information regarding patient demographics, medical history, presentation, allergic reaction trigger, angiography, laboratory values and management were extracted from every report. The data were pulled in a combined dataset. From 288 patients with KS, 57.6% had Type I, 24.7% Type II and 6.6% Type III, while 11.1% could not be classified. The mean age was 54.1 years and 70.6% were male. Most presented with a combination of cardiac and allergic symptoms, with medication being the most common trigger. Electrocardiographically, 75.1% had ST segment elevation with only 3.3% demonstrating no abnormalities. Coronary imaging was available in 84.8% of the patients, showing occlusive lesions (32.5%), vascular spasm (16.2%) or normal coronary arteries (51.3%). Revascularization was pursued in 29.4% of the cases. In conclusion, allergic reactions may be complicated by ACS. KS should be considered in the differential diagnosis of myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries.
Molecular Detection of Nosema spp. in Honey in Bulgaria
Authors: Salkova Delka , Shumkova Rositsa , Balkanska Ralitsa , Palova Nadezhda , Neov Boyko , Radoslavov Georgi , Hristov Peter
Published: December 2021

Environmental DNA (eDNA) analysis is related to screening genetic material of various organisms in environmental samples. Honey represents a natural source of exogenous DNA, which allows for the detection of different honey bee pathogens and parasites. In the present study, we extracted DNA from 20 honey samples from different regions in Bulgaria and tested for the presence of DNA of the ectoparasitic mite Varroa destructor, as well as Nosema apis and Nosema ceranae. Only Nosema ceranae was detected, showing up in 30% of all samples, which confirms the widespread prevalence of this pathogen. All positive samples were found in plain regions of the country, while this pathogen was not detected in mountainous parts. None of the samples gave positive amplifications for the Nosema apis and Varroa mite. The obtained results from this study confirm previous observations that eDNA contained in honey is a potent source for effective biomonitoring of actual diseases in the honey bee.
Prospects for the Use of Combined Lysozyme Drugs in COVID-19
Authors:   Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Gorelov A.V. , Usenko D.V. , Antonova L.P. , Kozlovskaya L.I. , Shustova Ye.Yu. , Volok V.P. ,   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University,   Chumakov Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immune-and-Biological Products of Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: December 2021

According to statistics, 81% of cases of COVID-19 coronavirus infection occur in a mild or moderate form. These patients make up the main part of the flow of calls to a general practitioner at the moment. The difficulties that therapists face during a pandemic are associated with finding the optimal therapy for the disease due to the gradual accumulation of knowledge about a new RNA-containing virus. The article presents the data of a study of the antiviral activity of the drug Lysobact Complete® in vitro on a Vero cell culture. Studies of previous years confirm the antiviral, anti-inflammatory, strengthening local immunity effect of lysozyme hydrochloride, the antiviral effect of cetylpyridinium chloride, both are the components of the drug Lysobact Complete® dosed spray for topical use. This in vitro study confirmed the antiviral activity of the drug on the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which makes its use promising in complex therapy of patients with COVID-19. The theoretical justification of the practical use of the drug is given. The authors hope that the research data will be useful to doctors when providing medical care to patients with COVID-19
PEMANFAATAN MEDIA VISUAL DALAM TERCAPAINYA TUJUAN PEMBELAJARAN
Authors: Kustandi Cecep , Farhan Muhammad , Zianadezdha Asfara , Fitri Azahra Kurnia , L Nabilla Agustia
Published: December 2021

Media  diperlukan  dalam proses pembelajaran,  karena kegiatan pembelajaran merupakan proses menyampaikan informasi diantara  sumber(guru)dan  penerima(siswa). Penelitian  ini dilakukan  untuk menganalisis pemanfaatan  media  visual sebagai upaya mencapai tujuan  pembelajaran. Metode  penelitian  kepustakaan digunakan  untuk mengumpulkan   data   dan   informasi   yang   terdapat   di   ruang perpustakaan yang berhubungan  dengan  pemanfaatan  media  dan  tujuan  pembelajaran.  Pengumpulan  data dilakukan  dengan  mengidentifikasi artikel,  buku,  dan  dokumen  pendukung  lain  yang kemudian dianalisis. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dengan memanfaatkan media visual dalam  proses  pembelajaran dapat  membantu siswa  untuk mengembangkan kemampuan   visual.   Disamping   itu,   media   visual   menjadi   alat   belajar   yang   dapat mengembangkan   imajinasi siswa   dalam   kegiatan   belajar.   Sehingga,   penelitian   ini menggambarkan pemanfaatan  media  visual  sebagai  media  pembelajaran  yang  dapat membantu siswa untuk meningkatkan penguasaan mereka terhadap peristiwa yang tidak mungkin dihadirkan di dalam kelas.
THE EFFECT OF USING PEER TUTOR METHODS AND SELF-EFFICACY ON MATH LEARNING OUTCOMES
Authors: Firdaus Dailami , Budiningsih Iffah , Fauziah Sifah
Published: December 2021

The present study aims to identify the implementation of a peer-tutor method and self-efficacy towards the students’ mathematics learning outcomes. This experimental study involved two classes (each consisting of 35 students) as the research sample, which were extracted by a simple random sampling technique. Moreover, the data were analyzed by descriptive analysis, two-way ANOVA, and Tukey test. The study involved variables as follows: the peer tutor method was the experiment variable, the lecture method was the control variable, and the moderator variable was the self-efficacy indicator that was analyzed using instruments of learning outcomes test and questionnaire. The results reveal that: a) the learning outcomes of experiment class (peer tutor method) is higher than control class (lecture method); b) there is an interaction between the learning method and self-efficacy towards the learning outcomes; c) students with higher self-efficacy have higher learning results when taught by peer-tutor method compared to those who were taught by lecture method; d) for those with lower self-efficacy, both peer-tutor and lecture method generate similar learning results; e) for subjects like mathematics, peer-tutor method is suggested.
APPLICATION OF GOOGLE TRANSLATE FOR WRITING THESIS ABSTRACT IN ENGLISH (GRAMMAR ERROR ANALYSIS)
Authors: Mulyadi Mulyadi , Hidayati Dini
Published: December 2021

Google Translate is a popular translation and is used by most people around the world. Google Translate not only offers translation in various languages, it can even speed up work Translate. In learning the new norm, Google Translate is considered the easiest way to facilitate translation work and assist students in completing academic assignments. Based on the preliminary survey that had been done toward fifteen English thesis abstracts of  post  graduate  students,  it  was  found  a  lot  of  mistakes  in  the  writing  (tenses).  This research aims at identifying the use of tenses/grammar  in English thesis abstracts. The type of this research is descriptive through documentation study approach. The population was all English thesis abstracts at post graduate program Jakarta Islamic University. The sampling was purposive sampling. The data were analyzed descriptively. The results of the research showed that the inappropriate use of tense was more than that of theappropriate one in the part of background; the inappropriate use of tense was more than that of the appropriate one in the part of research method; the inappropriate use of tense  was  more  than  that  of  the  appropriate  one  in  the  part  of  result  (findings); the appropriate  use  of  tense  was  more  than  that  of  the  inappropriate  one  in  the  part  of discussion; and the appropriate use of tense was more than that of the inappropriate one in the part of conclusion and suggestion
THE USE OF GOOLE FORM AS A LEARNING EVALUATION TOOL IN ENGLISH LESSONS DURING PANDEMIC COVID-19
Authors: Wibowo Hanafi , Rahmah Arli Adinda
Published: December 2021

The Covid-19 pandemic has an impact on all aspects of life, including the provision of educational services. For the sake of the continuity of the education process and participating in breaking the chain of the spread of the covid-19 virus, learning and implementation of SMPN 168 Jakarta has been adjusted to the social distancing policy. Teaching activities are carried out at each student's home and through online media (online). This study aims to describe the implementation of online English learning activities, describe the implementation of online English assessment activities, and determine the effectiveness of the implementation of online English learning activities carried out in class VIII SMP 168 Jakarta during the Covid-19 pandemic. Use of the Google Form application to evaluate learning outcomes of English subjects. Through online activities, the average score of students' English is 77.31, and the proportion of students who exceed the KKM is 75.15%. SMP 168 Jakarta sets a minimum mastery standard of English at 75, and the proportion of students who pass the KKM exceeds 73%, so it can be concluded that online English learning at SMP 168 Jakarta is carried out effectively.
Methodology for rationing the fuel consumption of the PAZ-320412 bus
Authors: Petrov Nikolay Vadimovich , Evseeva Maria Mikhailovna , Khiterkheeva Nadezhda Sergeevna , Radnaev Daba Nimaevich , Moshkin Nikolay Ilyich
Published: December 2021

The article analyzes suburban bus transportation with specific routes in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). For the experimental study, the route No. 101, «Yakutsk – Tabaga» with a total length of 31 km was chosen. The schedule of buses of Municipal Unitary Enterprise «Yakut Passenger Transport Company (YAPAK)» on the suburban route is shown. The basic technical data of the bus PAZ-320412 was studied. In accordance with international regulations for the buses, the determination of fuel consumption and specific emissions of normalized toxic components is carried out using a riding cycle on running drums. For the calculation of fuel consumption, the technique of modeling of indicators of work of the engine which provide change of traction and speed characteristics of the car according to the set driving cycle was used. Finally, the results of the calculated fuel consumption for the NEDC driving cycle are compared with experimental data. As a comparison of the calculated and theoretical fuel consumption data with practical data, the Cummins engine type Cummins ISF 3.8 is considered. This internal combustion engine is installed on a PAZ-320412 bus. Experimental data on the fuel consumption of this bus per 100 km. showed 48 nm3, and theoretical calculations of bus fuel consumption per 100 km. by the proposed method showed 42 nm3. Therefore, to assess the traction and speed properties of the bus, the proposed combined method can be used which allows one to obtain calculation of fuel consumption which is closer to the experimental data on a driving cycle. Using the source data of the vehicle, effective engine performance indicators are evaluated. A calculation method is proposed for modeling a test, and experimental driving cycle of automobile transport with a total mass of more than five tons is suggested.
System of factors determining the pricing policy of machine-building enterprises in modern conditions
Authors: Arsenieva Natalya V. , Putyatina Lyudmila M. , Yakovleva Margarita V.
Published: December 2021

The article considers modern economic categories of pricing policy and pricing strategy, which with some similarity have differences in practice. The definition of pricing policy and its importance in modern conditions is given. The basic elements of the pricing policy of enterprises are given. The aim of the study is to analyze the main factors that determine the pricing policy of an enterprise in modern conditions and the possibility of their competent use in practice. Methodologically, the study is aimed at an integrated approach to taking into account the most significant factors that determine an increase in the efficiency of an enterprise in post-crisis conditions, taking into account inflationary processes in the country's economy. As a result of the study, the factors under consideration are divided into the following groups: factors of the development of the market environment; factors of taking into account the strategic objectives of the enterprise development; factors of state control in the field of prices for goods and services; factors of characteristics of manufactured goods; factors of sustainable development of the enterprise; factors of influence of inflation on the pricing policy of the enterprise.
Fracking en el sur de Mendoza: riesgos, incertidumbres y resistencias en contexto de una mega-sequía
Authors: Wagner Lucrecia
Published: December 2021

En el año 2017, coincidiendo con la formación geológica Vaca Muerta –ubicada en las provincias argentinas de Mendoza, Neuquén, Río Negro y La Pampa–, comenzó a utilizarse en la provincia de Mendoza la técnica de fracking para la explotación de hidrocarburos no convencionales. En Mendoza, las resistencias a la megaminería basadas en la defensa del agua, un bien escaso y muy preciado, han sido de las más exitosas y trascendentes a nivel nacional. Sin embargo, el fracking tuvo una rápida autorización acompañada por la flexibilización de la legislación ambiental y un duro cuestionamiento a las voces críticas por parte del gobierno provincial. Ante este panorama, en el presente trabajo analizaremos cómo, a diferencia de lo acontecido en torno a la minería a gran escala, en el caso del fracking la protección del agua fue descuidada y la oposición social criminalizada. Por su parte, movimientos socioambientales y otros actores sociales, especialmente del sector científico-académico, han colocado en el debate público la situación de “mega-sequía” que atraviesa la provincia, la escasa evaluación de los riesgos y la incertidumbre generada por estas falencias. Una incertidumbre que se incrementa por el inicio de nuevas actividades extractivas que generan controversias y contradicciones con las políticas de cambio climático y con los objetivos de avanzar hacia una transición energética.
La lengua argentina: una encuesta del diario Crítica (1927), de Ennis, J., Santomero, L. y Toscano y García, G. (eds.) y Ruvituso, F. (dibujos)
Authors: Valenzuela Nazarena
Published: December 2021

La cuestión de la lengua nacional es uno de los interrogantes que el campo intelectual intenta abordar de manera sistemática a lo largo de su historia; pero no como algo sostenido en el tiempo, sino como una piedra en el zapato que asoma del repertorio de preguntas fundantes de la identidad intelectual argentina en momentos puntuales y específicos. “¿Llegaremos a tener un idioma propio?” es la pregunta abierta que realiza el diario Crítica a mediados de 1927. Hoy, en un contexto en que se observa un renovado interés por este mismo problema, surge la publicación de un libro como el que aquí reseñamos, La lengua argentina. Una encuesta del diario Crítica (1927) (2020). Editado por Juan Ennis, Lucila Santomero y Guillermo Toscano y García, con ilustraciones de Federico Ruvituso, es publicado por la editorial Vera Cartonera de la Universidad del Litoral, e inaugura la colección “La lengua en cuestión”, a cargo de Santomero.
ANÁLISIS DE ÁCIDOS GRASOS Y ESTEROLES DEL LÍQUEN EVERNIOPSIS TRULLA
Authors:   Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química e Ingeniería Química, UNMSM. Av. Germán Amezaga 375, Cercado de Lima, Lima, Perú., Castro Mandujano Olivio N. , Álvarez Bautista Jenny L. ,   Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de Química e Ingeniería Química, UNMSM. Av. Germán Amezaga 375, Cercado de Lima, Lima, Perú.
Published: December 2021

En el presente trabajo se realizó un análisis cromatográfico del liquen Everniopsis trulla, que fue recolectado en el departamento de Ancash, provincia de Asunción; por un lado, se realizó un análisis cromatográfico gaseoso el cual nos permitió identificar los ácidos grasos y esteroles, para ello, se realizó un extracto orgánico, aplicando un método clásico. Por otro lado, se aplicó un método rápido para identificar a otros compuestos. De estos dos métodos se identificó a 19 ácidos grasos, 4 esteroles, y 15 compuestos lipídicos (esteres, alcoholes, alcanos, etc.).
Fatores que influenciam na escolha da especialidade médica na universidade do Estado do Pará campus-VIII
Authors: da Silva Junior Edilson Soares , Oliveira Gisele Rodrigues de Carvalho , Leopoldino Thiago de Carvalho
Published: December 2021

A escolha da especialização médica é uma tarefa difícil para os estudantes e para os recém-formados no curso de Medicina, dada a importância que tem na definição de suas carreiras. É também relevante para os sistemas de saúde e seus gestores, pois o equilíbrio entre a oferta de especialistas das diferentes áreas e as demandas da população por cada uma delas é fator crucial para a organização adequada da assistência à saúde. O presente estudo é classificado como transversal, tendo como palco da pesquisa o Campus-VIII da Universidade do Estado do Pará – UEPA. O espaço amostral compõe-se nos discentes do terceiro ao sexto ano do Curso de Medicina do Campus, codificados por sistema alfanumérico, incluindo apenas os alunos que assinaram o Termo Livre Esclarecido e, então, preencheram todo o questionário validado, referente a um trabalho realizado pela Faculdade de Medicina de Valença-RJ. Os dados obtidos foram analisados estatisticamente, sendo apresentados em forma de gráficos e tabelas, formatados nos software Microsoft® Office Excel® e Word® 2016. A estatística analítica foi utilizada para avaliar os resultados das variáveis categóricas da amostra através dos Testes G e Qui-Quadrado Aderência e Partição. As estatísticas descritiva e analítica, foram realizadas no software BioEstat® 5.4. A amostra foi composta de 68 discentes, dos quais obtiveram-se os seguintes resultados: a especialidade favorita foi Clínica Médica, variando a segunda posição em Cirurgia e Áreas de Acesso Direto dependendo dos anos/séries letivos(as). Entre os valores médios alcançados no grau de dedicação frente à especialidade, por ano letivo do curso, sendo o da Turma A o maior valor (7.7) e da Turma C, o menor valor (5.2). Em relação aos fatores determinantes para a escolha, a afinidade pela especialidade, foi a de maior proporção em todos os períodos avaliados, representando 60.3% da amostra total. Portanto, a divulgação dos resultados da pesquisa à comunidade acadêmica e científica configura-se, também, um benefício relevante, pela possibilidade de ampliar o acervo bibliográfico referente ao tema da pesquisa, ressaltando inclusive que o estudo é pioneiro na população alvo.
Adapting Macbeth in a Lusophone context: the challenges of intercultural performance
Authors: Rayner Francesca
Published: December 2021

This article analyses the intercultural performance of The Prayers of Mansata, an adaptation of Shakespeare’s Macbeth to the West African context of Guinea-Bissau. After a critical exploration of contemporary intercultural theory, it charts the relationship between the Shakespearean text and this adaptation, before exploring particular questions raised by the circulation of the performance within different Portuguese-speaking contexts. It argues that such performances can represent a potent social and political intervention in contemporary configurations of power within a Portuguese-speaking community of nations by combining concerns with local specificity and wider concerns with a post-colonial present.
Penggunaan Media Komik Efektif Terhadap Kesiapsiagaan Siswa Dalam Menghadapi Bencana Tanah Longsor
Authors: Rasdini IGA Ari , Wedri Ni Made , SP Rahayu VM Endang , Putri Amelia
Published: December 2021

Tanah longsor merupakan bencana tahunan yang senantiasa melanda disebagian wilayah Indonesia. Terjadinya bencana tanah longsor dapat menimbulkan dampak yang sangat besar baik terhadap kehidupan maupun lingkungan. Berdasarkan data Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi terdapat 918 lokasi rawan tanah longsor yang tersebar diberbagai wilayah di Indonesia. Provinsi Bali merupakan salah satu wilayah yang rawan terhadap tanah longsor. Peningkatkan kesiapsiagaan terhadap bahaya tanah longsor, dapat mengurangi dampak yang ditimbulkan dari bencana tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan media komik terhadap kesiapsiagaan siswa dalam menghadapi bencana tanah longsor. Jenis penelitian adalah pre-experimental design dengan rancangan one-roup pretest-posttest menggunakan teknik total sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 57 orang. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuisioner kesiapsiagaan bencana tanah longsor dan dianalisa dengan uji paired t-test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa skor rata-rata kesiapsiagaan siswa sebelum perlakuan 69,68 dan setelah perlakuan sebesar 76,63 dengan selisih rata-rata sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan sebesar 6,94 dengan p value 0,001 sehingga disimpulkan ada pengaruh penggunaan media komik terhadap kesiapsiagaan siswa dalam menghadapi bencana tanah longsor di SDN 1 Sukawana.Kata kunci: bencana tanah longsor; kesiapsiagaan; media komik The Use Of Comics On Student Preparedness In Facing Landslide DisasterABSTRACT  Landslides are an annual disaster that always hits parts of Indonesia. The occurrence of landslides can have a huge impact on both life and the environment. Based on data from the Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard Mitigation, there were 918 landslide-prone locations spread across various regions in Indonesia. Bali Province is one of the areas prone to landslides. Increasing preparedness against landslides can reduce the impact of the disaster. This study was aimed to determine the effect of using comic’s media on student preparedness in dealing with landslides. This type of research was a pre-experimental design with a one-group pretest-posttest design using a total sampling technique with a total sample of 57 people. Data was collected using a landslide disaster preparedness questionnaire, and it was tested by using a paired t-test. The results show the average score of students' preparedness before treatment is 69.68 and after treatment is 76.63 with an average difference before and after treatment of 6.94 with p-value = 0.001.  It was concluded that there was an effect of using comic’s media on students' preparedness in dealing with landslides at SDN 1 Sukawana. Keywords:  landslide disaster; preparedness; comics’ media
Upaya Mempercepat Penyembuhan Diare pada Balita dengan Pemberian Makanan Tambahan Puding Madu
Authors: Maftuchah Maftuchah , Kusyati Eni , Laksana Tri Wibawanti Nur
Published: December 2021

ABSTRAKDiare adalah salah satu penyakit yang masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat di negara-negara berkembang. Penyakit diare sebagai penyebab kedua angka kesakitan dan angka kematian pada balita di Indonesia. Sebagian orang menganggap diare sering terjadi karena keracunan makanan. Status nutrisi bisa menjadi faktor perancu karena status nutrisi mempengaruhi durasi diare dan juga efektifitas prebiotik dalam meningkatkan respon imunitas. Studi pendahulan yang dilakukan di BPM Rusmiati Wilayah Puskesmas Winong terdapat data balita Pada bulan Maret-Mei 2020 yang mengalami diare  pada usia 3-5 tahun sebanyak 57 balita. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis pengaruh Pemberian Makanan Tambahan  puding madu terhadap lama penyembuhan diare pada Balita Usia 3-5 . Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain Quasi Eksperiment  dan purposive sampling didapatkan 20 responden. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan kuesioner dan analisis yang digunakan adalah mann whitney. Hasil penelitian menujukkan lama penyembuhan diare pada balita usia 3-5 tahun yang diberikan puding madu dan zinc didapatkan nilai median sebesar 4 hari sedangkan responden yang diberikan zinc dan oralit  dengan nilai median adalah 5 hari. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah ada pengaruh pemberian makanan tambahan puding madu terhadap lama penyembuhan balita diare pada balita usia 3-5 tahun di PMB  RusmiyatiKata kunci : balita; diare; puding madu; pemberian makanan tambahanABSTRACT  Diarrhea is a disease that is still a public health problem in developing countries. Diarrhea is the second cause of mortality in under-five children in Indonesia. some people think diarrhea is often caused by food poisoning. Nutritional status can be a confounding faktor because nutritional status affects the duration and also the effectiveness of prebiotics in enhancing the immune response. The preliminary study conducted at Rusmiati Private Maternal Clinic in the Winong Health Center area contained data on toddlers In March-May 2020 who experienced diarrhea at the age of 3-5 years as many as 57 toddlers. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of honey puding supplementary food on Diarrhea Recovery Time in Toddlers Aged 3-5. The type of research used was a quantitative study with a Quasi Experimental design with purposive sampling obtained 20 respondents. The research instrument was a questionnaire. The analysis was Mann Whitney. The results showed that the duration of diarrhea healing for toddlers aged 3-5 years who was given honey puding obtained a median value of 4 days while respondents who were given zinc and ORS alone with a median value of healing duration of diarrhea was 5 days. The conclusion of this study is that there is an effect of giving supplementary feeding honey puding on the duration of healing for toddlers with diarrhea in toddlers aged 3-5 years at Rusmiati Private Maternal Clinic Keywords : diarrhea;  honey puding; toddler; supplementary food
Efektifitas Media Leaflet dan Power Point Pada Pengetahuan Remaja Putri Tentang Menstrual Personal Hygiene
Authors: M.Keb Sri Wahyuni , Amal Fachry , Ulfatunnisa Ulfatunnisa
Published: December 2021

ABSTRAKPermasalahan tentang menstruasi merupakan salah satu tantangan menggapai kesehatan reproduksi yang sehat bagi remaja. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui perbedaan pengetahuan remaja putri sebelum dan sesudah diberikan penyuluhan dengan menggunakan  leaflet dan power point.Jenis penelitian ini adalah quasy eksperimen dengan melakukan pre test dan post test sebelum dan sesudah diberikan penyuluhan yang dilaksanakan pada Maret-April 2021 di kampung Putali wilayah kerja Puskesmas Ebungfauw. Sampel sejumlah 40 remaja putri. Intrument yang digunakan adalah media leaflet dan media power point dan kuesioner yang telah diuji validitas dan relibilitas. Analis data menggunakan uji Paired T-test dan uji Independen t-tes. Rerata pretest pengetahuan kelompok leaflet 53,00 dan posttest 61,25. Rerata pretest pengetahuan kelompok power point 59,75 dan posttest 78,75. Uji paired t-test pengetahuan kelompok leaflet yaitu p-value 0,000 dan pada kelempok power point yaitu p-value 0,000. Uji Efektifitas kelompok leaflet dan kelompok power point adalah 0,008 dengan perbedaan mean 10,00 kelompok leaflet dan mean 19,00 kelompok power point. Sehingga kelompok power point lebih efektif dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan remaja. Media power point lebih efektif dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan remaja putri tentang personal hygiene saat menstruasi. Kata Kunci : pengetahuan; personal hygiene; menstruasi; power point; leaflet ABSTRACT Menstruation is one of problems in achieving healthy reproductive female teenagers. The purpose of this study was to determine the difference in knowledge of female teenagers before and after being given counseling using leaflets and power point media.This research was a quasi-experimental study by conducting a pre-test before being given counseling and a post-test after being given counseling, carried out in March-April 2021 in Putali village, the working area of Ebungfauw Health Center. The sample of this research is 40 female teenagers. The instruments used are leaflet media and power point media and questionnaires that have been tested for validity and reliability. Data analysis used Paired T-test and Independent t-test. The mean of the pretest knowledge of the leaflet group was 53.00 and the posttest was 61.25. The mean of the pretest knowledge of the power point group was 59.75 and the posttest was 78.75. The paired t-test for the knowledge of the leaflet group is p-value 0.000 and for the power point group, the p-value is 0.000. The effectiveness test for the leaflet group and the power point group was 0.008 with a mean difference of 10.00 for the leaflet group and 19.00 for the power point group. So that the power point group is more effective in increasing the knowledge of teenagers. Power point media was more effective in increasing the knowledge of young women about personal hygiene during menstruation. Keywords: knowledg; personal hygiene; menstruation; power point; leaflet
INFLUENCE OF MANAGEMENT ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCES
Authors: Georgievska Cvetanovska Milana
Published: December 2021

The study of human resources and employee performance in an organization has been directed towards different directions, but the goal remains unchanged, namely the effectiveness of human resource management in achieving better employee performance. Most organizations are aware of the importance of employee performance, enhancing their performance, or finding ways that they can improve or enhance employee performance. Management's role in managing and evaluating employee performance is concerned with organizational strategy, policies and practices, in establishing and implementing expected employee performance, with simultaneous monitoring and evaluation of results. Performance management is a process by which management ensures that the activities of employees and their outputs contribute to the goals of the organization. The performance management process itself requires knowledge of what activities and outputs are desired, monitoring when they occur, and providing feedback to employees in order to help them meet management expectations. Feedback is crucial for both parties, because at that point both staff and management can identify problems that are or are expected to emerge in the near future, as well as establish ways for possible solutions to those problems. . The role of management in evaluating employee performance is not only seen in the preparation of employee appraisal, their evaluation and performance appraisal, although in most organizations it is the most commonly used method of performance appraisal management. Employee performance management is a process of creating a work environment in which employees will be able to perform the tasks assigned to them in the best possible way, applying all of their abilities and skills. By evaluating employee performance, management is capable of making decisions to support certain employees in terms of training, career development, compensation, transfer, promotion, and termination of the employment contract. What is crucial in terms of employee performance is that there is a great need for establishing a clear, understandable and precise performance management system, a system that management will clearly follow and respect, and in turn contribute to attraction. and retaining key employees. Also, management must constantly focus on the needs and observations of employees. If all of the above is followed, it will significantly contribute to improving the overall business of the organization and will provide a strong and firmly built manager-employee system that will enable the company to achieve its goals. The mission of management is to bring employees together by making efforts to develop and improve the factors that enhance employee performance.
POLICY AND INSTRUMENTS AT LOCAL LEVEL TO SUPPORT SOCIAL ECONOMY
Authors: Ilcheva Maria
Published: December 2021

In the last years Europe is facing new challenges related with the growing social exclusion which require new decisions combining economic and social models. Undoubtedly social economy is a key characteristic of the European social model and it contributes to the achievement of the objectives of strategy “Europe 2020” as it creates opportunities for new jobs, boosts social innovations as a response to the growing public needs, and stimulates social cohesion and activation of the active citizenship.Although experts are taking into consideration the undeniable contribution of social economy to strengthen the European social model and the rise of new policies in support of social economy, still there are new challenges related with implementation of policies at local level. The public intuitions at local level (municipal and regional authorities) possess a high level of autonomy from the central governments and as local authorities can formulate local policies to support social economy. The report is analyzing the main policies at local level which can influence the creation of a favorable environment for the development of social economy as well as the main challenges related with their application.