bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Metode Sosiodrama untuk Menumbuhkan Sikap Empati Siswa Kelas VII
Authors: Falah Safa Zahroin Nazilatul , Widyarto Wikan Galuh
Published: May 2024

Empathy is the ability to put oneself in another person's position. Individuals who have an empathetic attitude will have a tendency to be able to place themselves in all social situations. Researchers used quantitative methods with a pre-experimental research approach using a One Group Pretest Posttest design on a population of 15 students at SMPN 1 Sumbergempol Tulungagung class VII C, while for data sampling using Purposive Sampling method with 15 students as research sample. The results of the research show that: 1) The level of empathy for class VII students at SMPN 1 Sumbergempol is 9 students in the very low category, 8 students in the low category, 8 students in the high category and 5 students in the very high category. 2) Based on the results of the paired samples test on the pre-test and post-test scores of students' empathy attitudes, there is a significant change, namely the significance value (2-tailed) 0.000 <0.05, which means that there is a significant difference between before and after being given guidance service treatment. sociodrama method group. 3) Then, the results of the N-Gain Score are worth 59, 59%. Based on these results, it can be concluded that H1 is accepted, namely the sociodrama method can foster an empathetic attitude in class VII students at SMPN 1 Sumbergempol Tulungagung.
Translating
Tristram Shandy
into Macedonian
Authors: MALESKA KALINA
Published: May 2024

An account of the problems encountered when
Tristram Shandy
was translated into Macedonian
.
The Slops of York
Authors: WALLIS RICHARD
Published: May 2024

Common wisdom has it that Dr Burton stood model for
Tristram Shandy
’s Dr Slop. This article argues that besides Sterne’s uncle Jaques, two medical men in York, Dr Henry Goddard and Dr Edward Wallis, inspired Sterne’s composite caricature.
The Back-to-Front, Inside-Out, Upside-Down Project: A Retrospective Note
Authors: DUHIG IAN
Published: May 2024

Working on the Digression project, Philippa Troutman and Ian Duhig visited Shandy Hall over several months for the tercentenary of Sterne’s birth. Chance was allowed a significant role in this with the result that controversial social and literary issues flowing directly from Sterne’s work were shown to have immediate relevance. These have developed since in ways that are noted here but still within the context of artistic considerations arising from
Tristram Shandy
as perceived by Duhig and Troutman.
Two Readers of
A Sentimental Journey
Authors: WRIGHT AUBERON
Published: May 2024

The Correspondents,
an anonymous publication in 1775, contains extensive discussions of
A Sentimental Journey.
In this note authorship and contents are commented upon.
‘Hairy Woman’ or ‘Domestic Mother’? Mrs Shandy and the Ideology of Domesticity in
Tristram Shandy
Authors: SELLES ISABELLE
Published: May 2024

During the eighteenth century, representations of motherhood were dominated by what Marilyn Francus calls the ‘discourse of domesticity’. This discourse, as prescribed specifically in conduct literature such as
Aristotle’s Masterpiece
(1758) and
An Address to Mothers
(1784), situated mothers in the home as virtuous and caring figures. In
Tristram Shandy
, the narrator’s mother, Mrs Elizabeth Shandy, has been subjected to wide-ranging critical analyses. I contend, however, that Tristram’s portrayal of his mother cannot be understood without situating it within the discourse of domesticity prevalent at that time. Thus, through the lens of conduct literature and eighteenth-century ideologies of domestic motherhood, I argue that Tristram Shandy as narrator both limits and affirms his mother’s presence and authority in the novel. Ultimately, the Shandy household is not hobbled by Mrs Shandy’s influence, but by the men who attempt to impose domesticity on the women around them. As such, an understanding of the discourse of domesticity allows the reader to grasp the full complexity of Mrs Shandy in Sterne’s novel.
The ‘Lorenzo Dose’: Johann Georg Jacobi’s Sentimental Snuffbox
Authors: HÖRNER WOLFGANG
Published: May 2024

It was long believed that the so-called Lorenzo Snuffbox, which German members of a
Sentimental Journey
cult exchanged at communal reading sessions of Sterne’s book, was a myth. However, a real Lorenzo Dose has surfaced in Frankfurt, and it, and its history, is here described.
Pots and Kettles: William Dodd on Sterne
Authors: NEW MELVYN
Published: May 2024

William Dodd published a poem attacking Sterne in 1761; parts have been quoted by recent scholars but the full text is presented here for the first time since publication in Dodd’s
Poems
in 1767. It is preserved here for its archival value only, since as verse it is well forgotten; the note’s title alludes, perhaps too obviously, to Dodd’s well known fate.
Sterne and the Richmond Subscribers
Authors: NEW MELVYN
Published: May 2024

A recently published Yorkshire diary enables us to identify several of Sterne’s subscribers.
Leonard MacNally’s Bagatelle
Tristram Shandy
Authors: NEWBOULD M-C.
Published: May 2024

The first performance of this afterpiece to Edward Young’s
The Revenge
was at Covent Garden on Saturday 26 April 1783. It was received ‘with great applause by a numerous auditory’ as an unsigned review in the
European Magazine
for May put it, and was played seven times that season, revived in the next, and last performed on 12 April 1794. We print here, with very minor emendations, the second state of the first edition.
HUMAN RESOURCE PRACTICES AND ORGANIZATIONAL SUPPORT AS THE DETERMINANTS IN ENHANCING VIETNAMESE RETAIL EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT: THE MEDIATING ROLE OF JOB ENRICHMENT
Authors: Nguyen Khanh-Linh , Moslehpour Massoud , Aminah Hania , Sulistiawan Jovi
Published: May 2024

Although employee engagement has become a vital issue in business, research on how different bundles of Human Resource (HR) practices affect employee engagement remains insufficient. This study addresses two primary aims: firstly, to investigate the direct and indirect effects of general HR practices and organizational support on employee engagement in the Vietnamese retail sector; secondly, to assess the mediating role of job enrichment in these relationships. Using Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) analysis on a sample of 796 retail employees in Vietnam, this study contributed to such a gap by investigating the mechanisms connecting different HR practices with job enrichment and engagement. Firstly, our findings confirm the direct positive impacts of organizational support and job enrichment on engagement and of organizational support and general HR practices on job enrichment itself. Secondly, although general HR practices are not found to influence employee engagement directly, their indirect influence is still significant via the full mediation of job enrichment. This research makes a substantial contribution to the current body of knowledge by enhancing our comprehension of the mechanisms that link HR practices and employee engagement. The study provides practical insights for Vietnamese retail organizations, emphasizing the importance of job enrichment, well-designed HR practices, and strong organizational support in promoting long-term employee engagement. This ultimately leads to the development of a more dedicated and committed workforce in Vietnam’s dynamic retail industry.
THE MOTIVE BEHIND INTERNATIONAL DIVERSIFICATION ACQUISITION BY BUSINESS GROUP
Authors: Edi Edi , Tilani Agnes , Karjantoro Handoko
Published: May 2024

This study aims to determine the influence of the industry group business on international acquisition diversification with private ownership and strategic asset seeking as moderating variables. Using resource-based and institutional theory, this study hypothesizes that the industry group business provides benefits and encourages diversification of international acquisitions. In addition, this study also argues that private ownership and strategic assets seeking amplify the influence of industry group business on diversification international acquisition. The novelty of this research aims to address by proposing strategic assets seeking as a moderated variable that influence industry group business on diversified international acquisitions. The sample data of this research are companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange between 2018–2021. The findings of this research can be useful for companies to understand the significance of intangible assets and how they can leverage them to gain a competitive advantage in their respective industries. The results of this study will greatly assist researchers in the field of international acquisitions.
The Metallicity Dependence and Evolutionary Times of Merging Binary Black Holes: Combined Constraints from Individual Gravitational-wave Detections and the Stochastic Background
Authors: Turbang Kevin , Lalleman Max , Callister Thomas A. , van Remortel Nick
Published: May 2024

The advent of gravitational-wave astronomy is now allowing for the study of compact binary merger demographics throughout the Universe. This information can be leveraged as tools for understanding massive stars, their environments, and their evolution. One active question is the nature of compact binary formation: the environmental and chemical conditions required for black hole birth and the time delays experienced by binaries before they merge. Gravitational-wave events detected today, however, primarily occur at low or moderate redshifts due to current interferometer sensitivity, therefore limiting our ability to probe the high-redshift behavior of these quantities. In this work, we circumvent this limitation by using an additional source of information: observational limits on the gravitational-wave background from unresolved binaries in the distant Universe. Using current gravitational-wave data from the first three observing runs of LIGO–Virgo–KAGRA, we combine catalogs of directly detected binaries and limits on the stochastic background to constrain the time-delay distribution and metallicity dependence of binary black hole evolution. Looking to the future, we also explore how these constraints will be improved at the Advanced LIGO A+ sensitivity. We conclude that, although binary black hole formation cannot be strongly constrained with today’s data, the future detection (or a nondetection) of the gravitational-wave background with Advanced LIGO A+ will carry strong implications for the evolution of binary black holes.
Mass–Radius Relationships and Contraction of Condensed Planets by Cooling or Despinning
Authors: Ricard Yanick , Chambat Frédéric
Published: May 2024

Condensed planets contract or expand as their temperature changes. With the exception of the effect of phase changes, this phenomenon is generally interpreted as being solely related to the thermal expansivity of the planet’s components. However, changes in density affect pressure and gravity and, consequently, the planet’s compressibility. A planet’s radius is also linked to its rate of rotation. Here again, changes in pressure, gravity, and compressibility are coupled. In this article we clarify how the radius of a condensed planet changes with temperature and rotation, using a simple and rigorous thermodynamic model. We consider condensed materials to obey a simple equation of state which generalizes a polytopic EoS as temperature varies. Using this equation, we build simple models of condensed planet’s interiors including exoplanets, derive their mass–radius relationships, and study the dependence of their radius on temperature and rotation rate. We show that it depends crucially on the value of ρ

s

gR/K

s
(ρ

s
being surface density, g gravity, R radius, K

s
surface incompressibility). This nondimensional number is also the ratio of the dissipation number which appears in compressible convection and the Gruneïsen mineralogic parameter. While the radius of small planets depends on temperature, this is not the case for large planets with large dissipation numbers; Earth and a super-Earth like CoRoT-7b are in something of an intermediate state, with a moderately temperature-dependent radius. Similarly, while the radius of these two planets is a function of their rotation rates, this is not the case for smaller or larger planets.
Global Coronal Plasma Diagnostics Based on Multislit Extreme-ultraviolet Spectroscopy
Authors: Chan 陳 Lami 霖誼 , Tian Hui , Liu Xianyu , Török Tibor , Bai Xianyong , Feng Yufei , Banerjee Dipankar
Published: May 2024

Full-disk spectroscopic observations of the solar corona are highly desired to forecast solar eruptions and their impact on planets and to uncover the origin of solar wind. In this paper, we introduce a new multislit design (five slits) to obtain extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) spectra simultaneously. The selected spectrometer wavelength range (184–197 Å) contains several bright EUV lines that can be used for spectral diagnostics. The multislit approach offers an unprecedented way to efficiently obtain the global spectral data but the ambiguity from different slits should be resolved. Using a numerical simulation of the global corona, we primarily concentrate on the optimization of the disambiguation process, with the objective of extracting decomposed spectral information of six primary lines. This subsequently facilitates a comprehensive series of plasma diagnostics, including density (Fe xii 195.12/186.89 Å), Doppler velocity (Fe xii 193.51 Å), line width (Fe xii 193.51 Å), and temperature diagnostics (Fe viii 185.21 Å, Fe x 184.54 Å, Fe xi 188.22 Å, and Fe xii 193.51 Å). We find a good agreement between the forward modeling parameters and the inverted results at the initial eruption stage of a coronal mass ejection, indicating the robustness of the decomposition method and its immense potential for global monitoring of the solar corona.
Is the Compact Object Associated with HESS J1731-347 a Strange Quark Star? A Possible Astrophysical Scenario for Its Formation
Authors: Di Clemente Francesco , Drago Alessandro , Pagliara Giuseppe
Published: May 2024

The analysis of the central compact object within the supernova (SN) remnant HESS J1731-347 suggests that it has a small radius and, even more interestingly, a mass of the order or smaller than 1 M
⊙. This raises the question of which astrophysical process could lead to such a small mass, since the analysis of various types of SN explosions indicate that is it not possible to produce a neutron star with a mass smaller than about 1.17 M
⊙. Here we show that masses of the order or smaller than 1 M
⊙ can be obtained in the case of strange quark stars and that it is possible to build a coherent model explaining not only the mass and the radius of that object, but also its slow cooling suggested in various analyses. We also show that an astrophysical path exists, which leads to the formation of such an object, and we discuss the role played in that scenario by strangelets assumed to constitute the dark matter.
Comparison of Machine-learning and Bayesian Inferences for the Interior of Rocky Exoplanets with Large Compositional Diversity
Authors: Zhao Yong , Liu Zibo , Ni Dongdong , Chen Zhiyuan
Published: May 2024

In previous work, we demonstrated that machine-learning techniques based on mixture density networks (MDNs) are successful in inferring the interior structure of rocky exoplanets with large compositional diversity. In this study, we compare the performance of a well-trained MDN model with the conventional Bayesian inversion method based on the Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method, under the same observable constraints. Considering that MCMC inversion is generally performed with the prior knowledge of planetary mass, radius, and bulk molar ratios of Fe/Mg and Si/Mg, we regenerate a substantial data set of interior structure data for rocky exoplanets and train a new MDN model with inputs of planetary mass, radius, Fe/Mg, and Si/Mg. It has been found that the well-trained MDN model has comparable performance to that of the MCMC method but requires significantly less computation time. The MDN model presents a practical alternative to the traditional MCMC method, surpassing the latter with minimal requirements for specialized knowledge, faster prediction, and greater adaptability. The developed MDN model is made publicly available on GitHub for the broader scientific community’s utilization. With the advent of the James Webb Space Telescope, we are ushering in a new epoch in exoplanetary explorations. In this evolving landscape, the MDN model stands out as a valuable asset, particularly for its ability to rapidly assimilate and interpret new data, thereby substantially advancing our understanding of the interior and habitability of exoplanetary systems.
Civil Commitment and Involuntary Treatment
Authors: Dinwiddie Stephen H.
Published: May 2024

Although states differ in how they regulate involuntary civil commitment and involuntary (court-ordered) treatment (ICC/IT), all allow this intervention as a means to safeguard individuals who, as a result of serious and active mental illness, are at significant risk of harming themselves and/or others or are at serious risk of physical harm from self-neglect. However, invoking ICC can create significant conflicts for professionals who must balance competing ethical obligations. The psychiatrist may be faced with economic and other disincentives when ICC/IT is considered. Nonetheless, the treating psychiatrist, tasked with advocating for the patient's best medical interests, may find ICC/IT clinically necessary at times, and under such circumstances should be able (and willing) to meaningfully participate in the necessary legal processes.

[
Psychiatr Ann
. 2024;54(5):e137–e140.]
Expert Testimony in Civil Mental Health Proceedings: A Guide for the Apprehensive
Authors: Dinwiddie Stephen H. , Schols Bethany N. , Kirby Maureen Ward
Published: May 2024

It is widely agreed that the mentally ill patient who presents a near-term risk of physical harm may appropriately be hospitalized and treated if symptoms of the illness prevent them from competently making treatment decisions. Every US state and territory has statutes to address this contingency, and the psychiatrist's participation is integral to the process. Yet, for many psychiatrists, assuming the role of the expert in court can be uncomfortable and intimidating. Even if one has had courtroom experience, the legal concepts and reasoning employed by the Court may not be well understood. In this article, basic legal concepts are explored so that psychiatrists can, in the interests of their patients, more effectively participate in the legal proceedings.

[
Psychiatr Ann
. 2024;54(5):e151–e154.]
COVID-19 Pandemic and Posttraumatic Growth in Residents of a Continuing Care Retirement Community: A Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Chiang-Hanisko Lenny , Force Elizabeth , Liehr Patricia
Published: May 2024

Purpose:

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic impacted life for older adults living in residential settings, affecting their psychosocial well-being. Risk for COVID-19 is associated with increasing age and pre-existing health conditions. The current study aimed to describe the challenges of COVID-19 and post-traumatic growth (PTG) for residents of a continuing care retirement community (CCRC) in South Florida.

Method:

A parallel mixed methods approach was used to explore the experience of older adults with PTG. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis to identify emergent themes.

Results:

Ninety-eight older adults living in a single CCRC completed a survey. Age ranged from 67 to 99 years (mean age = 86 years), with >90% identifying as non-Hispanic White and female (78%). Using the PTG theoretical framework, experiences were categorized into five dimensions: new possibilities, relating to others, personal strength, spiritual growth, and appreciation for life.

Conclusion:

The current study focused on the challenges and growth experienced by older adults, as framed by PTG theory. Findings shed light on the capacity of this demographic, with an average age of 86 years, to overcome obstacles and achieve PTG. [
Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 50
(6), 25–33.]
Attitudes Toward Caring for the Oldest-Old and Associated Factors
Authors: Choi Na-Rang , Kim Kisook
Published: May 2024

Purpose:

To examine the knowledge, stress levels, and attitudes of clinical nurses regarding care for individuals considered the oldest-old (i.e., aged ≥80 years) and to identify related factors.

Method:

In this descriptive cross-sectional study, data were collected via an online structured questionnaire survey administered to 128 clinical nurses.

Results:

Participants had low levels of knowledge about the oldest-old with hearing impairments or mental health problems (e.g., depression, anxiety, delirium), and high levels of stress. Factors influencing attitudes toward the oldest-old were graduate or higher educational level (
p
= 0.002), ≥10 years of work experience (
p
= 0.049), and lower stress (
p
= 0.033). The explanatory power of the regression model was 18.1%.

Conclusion:

Further research and development programs should aim to promote positive attitudes toward care for older adults among nurses and develop methods to reduce and better manage stress when caring for these individuals. [
Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 50
(6), 35–43.]
Innovation in Waste Management
Authors: Kaushal Richa , Bansal Payal
Published: May 2024

Fashion industries are growing rapidly for ever changing trends and design, which has long lasting significant on footprints. From the textile production to garment manufacturing various disposal stages of fashion supply chains contribute to pollution and waste. The fashion industry is causing the most pollution, making it the second-largest polluting industry in the world. Industry should make sustainable fabrics and clothes to prevent the Earth from getting polluted. Designers need to create a substitute for fabric, dyes, and method of manufacturing to approach sustainability like substitute denim fabric to reduce the need for dyeing processes. Additionally, industry should produce sustainable leather to eliminate air pollution and loss of animals caused by the leather industry. Some companies are experimenting with making leather using coconuts, which is sustainable. This coconut leather can be recycled and breaks down underwater in just 150 days, unlike real leather, which takes 150 years to decompose, without harming the environment.
Sustainable Harvesting
Authors: Mohan Chandra , Sharma Barkha , Rawat Amit Kumar , Chinglenthoiba Chingakham
Published: May 2024

Weed waste management stands at the confluence of environmental preservation, sustainable practices, and economic opportunities. This chapter delves into the multifaceted realm of weed waste management, particularly in the context of tree and vine cropping systems, emphasizing its significance in agricultural productivity, environmental conservation, and resource recovery. The chapter elucidates the diverse types of weeds and their impact on various ecosystems while exploring the principles of the waste-to-wealth approach. The scope of weed waste management encompasses environmental conservation, agricultural productivity, resource recovery, and economic opportunities. By adopting a waste-to-wealth approach, converting weed waste into valuable resources becomes pivotal. This involves practices such as composting, bioenergy production, material recycling, phytoremediation, education, and innovation.
Stem cells of the maternal milk allow a better development of lactating newborns
Authors: Faa Gavino , Pichiri Giuseppina , Piras Monica , Coni Pierpaolo , Fanos Vassilios
Published: May 2024

Recent findings of stem/progenitor cells in maternal milk and their ability to cross the intestinal barrier of lactating newborns and integrate into neonatal organs to promote optimal child development present a new challenge in perinatal medicine. These findings emphasize the need for all mothers to breastfeed their babies for a long time. According to recent research, breastfeeding protects the lactating newborn from multiple infectious agents that can cause severe and fatal early infancy diseases. The second benefit is that maternal stem cells accelerate the development of several organs, including the brain, protecting lactating infants from severe childhood and adult diseases. The success and diffusion of exclusive breastfeeding, especially in low-resource settings, depends on mothers' knowledge of the many benefits for their child, including recent discoveries on breastfeeding's powerful benefits. Every mother may need simple booklets to learn about the unique benefits of maternal breastfeeding, including the nutrients and multiple cell types that protect the newborn from infections and accelerate neonatal organ development. Social media should also be encouraged to spread news about breastfeeding and maternal stem cells' impact on lactating infants' health. Health belief model interventions may boost breastfeeding. In conclusion, the discovery of massive amounts of cells in maternal milk and the identification of stem/progenitors with previously unknown potential in newborn development after birth should be considered a new valuable tool for exclusive breastfeeding advocates. Data here suggests that every action to spread this message and educate mothers and families about breastfeeding's irreplaceable role is mandatory.
To CPD or not to CPD?
Authors: De Villiers Marietjie
Published: May 2024

No abstract available.
Five myths in General Practice - a novice's viewpoint
Authors: Kapp Ronald G.
Published: May 2024

This is a reflective article describing the author's insight gained during his establishing of a new general practice. These insights are shared by discussing five myths the author has had to dispense with in his first year as a private practitioner. These myths relate to professional advertising, income generation outside the practice, adopting the role of businessman, handling of debt defaulters and the role of home visitation.
CPD - The learning preferenccs of general practioners
Authors: Van den Berg I. , De Villiers M.R.
Published: May 2024

General Practitioners need to stay up to date and to maintain professional competence. The Health Professions Council of SA has introduced a mandatory recertification system starting in 1999. Insufficient research exists locally to reliably identify the continuing professional developing (CPD) habits of GP's in South Africa. This study was conducted to continue thus search and measure GP's opinions about recertification.
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS): The traveller's dilemma
Authors: Ogunbanjo Gboyegu A.
Published: May 2024

The outbreak of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) also known as "atypical pneumonia" in Cuangdong Province, China in November 2002 and the subsequent spread to Hong Kong by mid-February 2003 highlights the importance of emerging diseases in clinical practice.
From Flanders with love
Authors: Derese Anselm , De Maeseneer Jan , Blitz-Lindeque Julia
Published: May 2024

No abstract available.
Private and confidential
Authors: Howarth Graham R.
Published: May 2024

In the medical arena the HIV pan-epidemic has brought issues surrounding the concepts of privacy and confidentiality into the spotlight. Issues of privacy and confidentiality are further exacerbated by large computer databases that store information that can then be manipulated, transmitted and accessed. It is the accessing of this data where the potential problems lie.
Reasons for non-compliance to treatment among patients with psychiatric illness: A qualitative study
Authors: Sharif S.A. , Ogunbanjo Gboyega A. , Malete N.H.
Published: May 2024

About 20-25% of all general practice attendees suffer from significant psychiatric illnesses. Non-compliance to treatment has always been one of the biggest challenges to GPs world wide. Apart from treatment failures, non-compliance to treatment is one of the main causes of relapse and re-hospitalisation world wide. Non-compliance to treatment is a complex phenomena that is associated with various factors related to the illness, medications and health care delivery system. Existing literature suggest that many psychiatric patients do not believe in the biological basis of their illness. Hence lack of understanding and lack of confidence in "Western" approach is a major contributor for non-compliance in such patients. Several investigators report that lack of insight into the illness and poor understanding of the chronic nature of psychiatric conditions contribute greatly to non-compliance. However, other studies suggest that poor insight may not fully explain this behaviour.
The Hand Patient: Fracture of the scaphoid
Authors: Mennen Ulrich
Published: May 2024

No abstract available.
Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy in a Rural Family Practice
Authors: O'Mahony D. , Banach I.
Published: May 2024

Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy (FNAB) is a safe economic method of obtaining tissue from a suspicious mass for diagnostic purposes. This study describes the results of FNAB in a family practice in a poor rural community.
The rocky road to rural health
Authors: Couper I.
Published: May 2024

Rural health is featuring more prominently on the national agenda in recent times. This article offers a personal review of some aspects of rural health care in South Africa, particularly, in terms of human resources, and proposes a way forward. There have been some important advances in rural health care, such as the implementation of the district health system, the community service and Cuban doctor programmes, the rise of RuDASA and academic initiatives in rural health. Difficulties in the way of improved rural health care include the AIDS burden, the moratorium on the registration of foreign doctors, negative attitudes to non-South African doctors, loss of nursing staff and lack of a coherent approach to human resources in health care. It is proposed that a coordinated rural health strategy is needed, which may include private-public partnerships clarification of the role the doctor in primary care and a team approach to solving the problems.
Критерий существования связного характеристического пространства орбит у градиентно-подобного диффеоморфизма поверхности
Authors: Nozdrinova Elena Vyacheslavovna , Pochinka Olga Vital'evna , Tsaplina Ekaterina Vadimovna
Published: May 2024

Классический подход к изучению динамических систем состоит в представлении динамики системы в виде "источник-сток", т. е. в выделении дуальной пары аттрактор-репеллер, которые являются притягивающими и отталкивающими множествами для всех остальных траекторий системы. Если удается выбрать дуальную пару аттрактор-репеллер так, что пространство орбит в их дополнении (характеристическое пространство орбит) является связным, то это создает предпосылки для нахождения полных топологических инвариантов динамической системы. На этом пути, в частности, получен целый ряд классификационных результатов для систем
Морса-Смейла. Так, полная топологическая классификация 3-диффеоморфизмов Морса-Смейла существенно базируется на наличии
связного характеристического пространства орбит, ассоциированного с выбором одномерной дуальной пары аттрактор-репеллер.
Для диффеоморфизмов Морса-Смейла с гетероклиническими точками на поверхностях известны примеры, для которых все характеристические пространства орбит не связны. В настоящей работе доказан критерий существования связного характеристического пространства орбит для градиентно-подобных (без гетероклинических точек) диффеоморфизмов на поверхностях, из которого, в частности, следует, что связным характеристическим пространством обладает любой сохраняющий ориентацию диффеоморфизм. Тогда как на ориентируемой поверхности любого рода построен меняющий ориентацию градиентно-подобный диффеоморфизм, не обладающий связным характеристическим пространством. Градиентно-подобный диффеоморфизм без связного характеристического пространства построен также на неориентируемой поверхности любого рода.
Библиография: 14 наименований.
Trailer Grade Parking Performance Test Procedure
Authors:   Truck and Bus Brake Systems Committee
Published: May 2024

This SAE Recommended Practice establishes methods to determine grade parking performance with respect to:

a

Ability of the parking brake system to lock the braked wheels.

b

The trailer holding or sliding on the grade, fully loaded, or unloaded.

c

Applied manual effort.

d

Unburnished or burnished brake lining friction conditions.

e

Down and upgrade directions.
Parking Brake Structural Integrity Test Procedure Vehicles Over 4500 kg (10 000 lb) GVWR—Truck and Bus
Authors:   Truck and Bus Foundation Brake Committee
Published: May 2024

This SAE Recommended Practice establishes a method of evaluating the structural integrity of the parking brake system of all new trucks, buses, and combination vehicles designed for roadway use in the following classifications: TRACTOR, TRAILER, TRUCK, AND BUS: over 4500 kg (10 000 lb) GVWR.
Digital revolution in higher education: unveiling the impact of online learning versus traditional classroom instruction in a Ghanaian university, west Africa
Authors: Darko Amponsah Kwaku , Osei Mensah Ronald , Kafui Aheto Simon-Peter , Commey-Mintah Priscilla , Tutu-Danquah Cecilia , Cobbinah Daniel
Published: May 2024

The research explores the perceptions, attitudes, and experiences of University of Ghana students regarding online and traditional classroom learning. Through qualitative interviews, the study reveals diverse viewpoints, some favoring conventional methods while others appreciate the flexibility of online platforms. Attendance tracking, teacher assistance, and network dependability are some variables that impact students' delight and involvement in Online Learning. Recommendations include providing advanced course materials, enhancing network infrastructure, and providing instructor training. The study contributes to higher education discussions by emphasizing the need for technology integration while prioritizing student engagement and offering insights for shaping effective online learning environments in line with evolving educational landscapes.
Harnessing the power of data analytics in enhancing operational risk management
Authors: Onyekachi Richard Eze , Osu Ogiji Festus , Godswill Chukwudi Nshi , Nkechi Gift Eze
Published: May 2024

Operational risk management is paramount for organizations to safeguard against disruptions, financial losses, and reputational damage. In a world where large-scale catastrophes are becoming more frequent, the management of risk in general and the understanding of how to prevent catastrophic losses is tantamount. The emergence of data analytics has revolutionized operational risk management by empowering organizations to extract actionable insights from vast volumes of data. By leveraging advanced analytics techniques, organizations can proactively identify, assess, and mitigate risks, thereby enhancing operational resilience and driving sustainable business performance.
Effects of different concentrations of Chitosan and application methods on growth and yield characteristics of chilli pepper (Capsicum annum)
Authors: Dery A.N. , Asekabta K.A. , Aduguba O.W.
Published: May 2024

Chitosan is a natural polysaccharide that is commonly made by chitin deacetylation, which is the structural component in sea crustaceans. It is beneficial to plant growth and development. Its use to improve chilli pepper production had been shown to elevate environmental and health issues. Hence, different concentrations of Chitosan and application methods on growth and yield characteristics of chilli pepper were investigated. Three replications were used in the split plot design experiment. Chitosan application types (foliar and media) were assigned to the main plots while Chitosan concentration levels were assigned to the sub plots. Apart from number of functional leaves and chlorophyll content that had significant one-way interaction of Chitosan application method (p < 0.05), all other growth and yield parameters were not significant (p > 0.05) for both sole and interactions. Highest number of functional leaves and chlorophyll content occurred under foliar application of Chitosan. Greater plant height and stem diameter was achieved under the media application of Chitosan with a rate of 50 ppm and 100 ppm respectively at 6 weeks after planting. Foliar application of Chitosan as a sole factor improved all the yield attributes of chilli pepper.
Assessment of farm resources and livelihood strategies adopted in mitigating crop farmers’ food insecurity during insurgency in North-eastern Nigeria
Authors: Sani A.A. , Oladimeji Y.U. , Yakubu A. , Magaji B.D. , Hussaini A.S. , Yisa F. , Ibrahim H.A.
Published: May 2024

The North-eastern part of Nigeria has experienced a number of insurgencies since 2009 which have intensified an unsecured livelihood among rural populace. The study assessed farm resources and livelihood strategies adopted in mitigating crop farmers’ food insecurity in north-eastern Nigeria. A three-stage sampling process with a proportionate factor led to 376 farmers from the three states of north-eastern Nigeria: Adamawa, Borno and Yobe. Primary data were collected through structured questionnaire and analysed using livelihood index, t-statistics and Chi-square model. The results of human resource characteristics of the sampled farmers show that majority (73.9%) were male, 86.5% were within the productive age range of 21-60 years with a mean of 47 years; 92.3% of the pooled farmers were married which implies that the farmers may have labour resource available resulting from their spouses and children. Substantial number of respondents (89.3%) had one form of education or the others. Crop sale (69.6%) was the major source of income during the pre-peak period while increase in livestock sales and off-farm income increase to 33.2 and 36.4%, at post-peak period. Reducing the expenditure of the household and outmigration of some family members, with Kendall’s coping index of 1.72 and 1.17 were the foremost food insecurity coping strategies adopted by the farmers at pre-peak and post-peak period, respectively. The farmers mitigate the effects of food insecurity using more of reversible strategies such as reduction of the expenditure of the household to buy food at pre-peak compared to pre-peak.
Factors affecting the export value of Nigerian cashew nut: A time series analysis
Authors: Ogunwolu Q.A. , Adesanya K.A. , Orisasona T.M. , Adesida F.A. , Alli M.A.
Published: May 2024

The study investigated the factors affecting the export value of cashew nut in Nigeria using a time series model. The study adopted the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) framework and Bounds co-integration test to identify the factors affecting the value of cashew nut in the short run and long run. The trend analysis showed that cashew nut export value in Nigeria peaked in the year 2012 to 447 million dollars. Although there was a sharp fall in the value in 2013 to ca. 60 million dollars, the value has remained largely unstable since then oscillating between 100 and 300 million dollars. The result of the inferential time series analysis showed that cashew production and exchange rate have a positive significant impact on cashew nut export value while growth in gross domestic product (GDP) has a negative impact on cashew nut export value in the long run. In the short run, production and exchange rate have a positive effect on cashew nut export value while inflation and GDP growth have a negative effect on cashew nut export value. The study recommended provision of incentives for cashew farmers to improve cashew nut production as this will result in a growth in export value in the short and long run. Policies aimed at improving exchange rate and reducing the inflation rate should be pursued by government so as to further improve the export value of cashew nut in Nigeria.
Nexus between rice productivity and greenhouse gas emission in Nigeria
Authors: Ogbanje E.C. , Okpe C.P.
Published: May 2024

Crop residue burning, which is a common land preparation practice for rice production, generates anthropogenic gases that compound climate change menace. Hence, this study estimated the nexus between rice productivity and greenhouse gas emission in Nigeria using time series that ranged from 1981 to 2020. Time series data on rice yield and residue burning-induced nitrous oxide, carbon dioxide and methane were obtained from the Food and Agriculture Organization. Augmented Dickey-Fuller and Phillips-Perron tests were used to ascertain the stationarity of the series. Johansen-Juselius cointegration and Engle-Granger causality models were used to test for long-run relationship and causality, respectively. The result shows that the series were I(1) and the trace and Max-Eigen tests produced divergent results on the existence of long-run relationship. Findings showed that there was a uni-directional causality from rice yield to nitrous oxide (p < 0.05), carbon dioxide (p < 0.05) and methane (p < 0.05) gases, respectively. The study concluded that rice intensification is a significant contributor to greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions in Nigeria. It was suggested that instead of burning crop leftovers, the Federal Ministries of Agriculture and Rural Development and Environment should educate farmers on proper crop residue management techniques.
Reproductive biology and feeding habits of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Pisces: Cichlidae) in Lake Boyo, Ethiopia
Authors: Handago Tamirat , Dadebo Elias , Tilahun Girma
Published: May 2024

Lake Boyo (Fig. 1) is among the few lakes hidden behind the major lakes of Central Ethiopian Rift Valley Region. It is a shallow, turbid and an open lake. Neither fishery activity nor fishery research has ever been conducted before  in Lake Boyo. This research was conducted to provide baseline information on the reproductive biology and feeding habits of O. niloticus. It was conducted from May 2021 to September 2022.  A total of 379 (197 males and 182 females) samples of O. niloticus were collected using gill nets of 6, 8 and 10 cm mesh size and beachseine of 6 mm mesh size. The results indicated that the sex ratio (Male: Female) was 1: 0.92 (p> 0.05). Length at first sexual maturity was 10.0 cm (TL) for males and 7.7 cm (TL) for females. Fecundity ranged from 216 to 1,157 eggs per fish. O. niloticus breeds throughout the year in the lake and the peak breeding months were from July to September and February to March. The length to weight relationship for males was 3.04, females 3.18 and combined sexes 3.12 and showed slight positive allometric growth pattern. The stomach content analysis showed that detritus, macrophytes and phytoplankton were the major food items while insects and zooplankton were less important. According to this  study, it was concluded that O. niloticus is omnivorous. Further research should be carried out on the phytoplankton primary productivity and phytoplankton biomass of the lake for fish production.
A critique of J.S. Sanni’s argument on the role of religion in promoting silence and extortion in contemporary African (Nigerian) society using the name of God
Authors: Ojimba Anthony Chimankpam
Published: May 2024

This study examines J.S. Sanni’s argument on the role of religion in promoting silence and extortion in contemporary African (Nigerian) society, leveraging on the name of God, with a view to determining the strengths and weaknesses of this argument. Sanni posits that religion (Christianity and Islam) have played crucial roles in promoting silence and extortion in Africa, with particular reference to Nigeria. He argues that the colonial debris of disempowerment, injustices, manipulation and extortion, using the instrumentality of religion, are still very much part of African society today. According to him, the above manipulations, extortions and injustices, perpetrated by the colonial masters on African societies using the tool of religion, is still very much part of the contemporary African society and have only assumed new outlooks and language and consequently plunged many Africans into silence in the face of what is often presented as sacred and holy. The study examines the strengths and weaknesses of this argument. The paper adopts historical hermeneutics and textual analysis methods.
Mothers but not wives: The Biakē custom and its implications on the Ogoni contemporary society
Authors: Deezia Burabari Sunday
Published: May 2024

The Biakē custom, an ancient practice among the Ogoni indigenous people, refers to a system by which certain girls or women are not allowed to marry, but are legitimately allowed to raise children for their parents or family, because of some peculiar circumstances of the household, thus the idea of ‘mothers but not wives.’ However, the Biakē practice has been misconstrued with the malapropism called ‘Sira-Custom,’ implying a system in which the first daughters are not given out for marriage. This study focused on the philosophical foundation of Biakē and its implications on the Ogoni contemporary society. The study discovered that there was never a time in Ogoni history when Sira (first daughters) was denied the right to marry out. Every Ogoni daughter is eligible for marriage. The study argues that though the philosophy of Biakē emphasizes the continuity of the family/lineage, women serving under Biakē and their children may experience psychological trauma due to the absence of a “father figure” and other unmet needs. Using the prescriptive method, this paper advocated for the promulgation of laws, and regulations to modify the Biakē custom to accommodate the Ogoni modern-day reality.
Imparting antimicrobial activity in synthetic fabrics by high-temperature process
Authors: Natarajan Hariharasudan , Alagundi Prakash M.
Published: May 2024

The present study introduces a coating approach for realization of antimicrobial textile surfaces that does not rely on nano-scalemetal particles. Instead, bactericidal metal ions are used in place of elemental metal particles and are deposited in alginates thatare adhered to the textile substrate through coating application. Antimicrobial finishing of polyester fabrics is challenging due tothe limited permanence resulting from the hydrophobic nature of polyester fibers. A high-temperature (HT) derived process isnow presented as a promising opportunity for introducing functions on polyester fabrics. For instance, an approach ofantimicrobial finishing is presented; the applied antimicrobial agent consisted of a modified carbohydrate which cannot bebonded to the textile surface in a HT process. Therefore, different silane linker molecules were utilized, either comprising analkyl or vinyl functional group. In terms of antimicrobial testing, the viability assay was carried out against the followingpathogens, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Promising antibacterial results were witnessed and are likely to pave theway for future coating applications on textiles and other polymers substrates.