bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research on the Determination of Objective Elements
Authors: Guo Jingfan
Published: January 2025

袭警行为危害诸多，不仅侵害警察人身权利，更是对法律的挑衅。《刑法修正案（十一）》设立了袭警罪以达到对袭警犯罪的刑法规制，然而，本文发现，袭警罪的适用在司法实践中仍存在一定问题。本文认为，上述问题的深层原因在于，袭警罪的法益有待辨析，以及袭警罪客观要件的认定争议也应该予以澄清。本文看来，袭警罪的法益应是一种单一法益，即警察执法权，而不是所谓的复数法益。基于此，在客观要件要素的认定中，“暴力袭击”应坚持狭义论限于对人的直接暴力，还应具有主动性和突然性的特点；职务行为的合法性应坚持双重检验标准，坚持形式和实质的合法性标准；“人民警察”的认定，应坚持区分说对辅警分场合进行看待，在人权保障和法益保护的两端中取得平衡。
The Dilemma of Misdemeanor Governance and its Alleviation: An Analysis Based on “Supermarket Theft”
Authors: Ma Guangze , Li Yaobo
Published: January 2025

随着刑事犯罪态势变化与犯罪结构调整，轻罪案件已成为新形势下我国犯罪治理的重要内容。然而，面对大量的轻罪案件，在罪刑合理化、均衡化的实现上却存在诸多阻滞因素。从“超市盗”案件为切入，可以发现，在推进轻罪治理的过程中，执法人员对违法行为与犯罪行为的界分存在模糊地带；与此同时，因轻罪受到处罚的人员是要接受社区矫正的，但相关工作者的素质却有待进一步提升；轻罪的犯罪附随后果对罪犯过于沉重，有待进一步规范。为提升轻罪治理的科学性和合理性，从体系化考量出发，应当强化检察机关对公安机关的立案全过程监督、严格把控社区矫正社会工作者的准入门槛并对其加强业务培训，此外还应基于时间条件、程序条件以及对象条件等要素探索建立保障性的复权制度。
An Analysis of Cultivating Peace-building through Socialist Core Values
Authors: Zhang Hua , Wang Yingxue , Li Jialin
Published: January 2025

社会主义核心价值观作为中国特色社会主义文化的核心，是人类共同价值的集中体现。和平作为共同价值的重要内容之一，深深地包涵在社会主义核心价值观中，决定了对两者之间的关联进行深入分析的必要性。社会主义核心价值观为和平构建提供了价值支撑和道德基础。社会主义核心价值观强调国家的富强和人民的幸福，为和平构建提供了坚实的物质基础；倡导的和谐、公正、友善等理念，有助于减少社会冲突，增进人际信任，促进社会的和谐稳定，有利于进一步推动构建人类命运共同体。
The Paratexts of the English Translation of Decoded: Composition, Functions and Implications
Authors: Man Yan
Published: January 2025

电影《解密》在海外上线以来，独具中国民族性的红色文化受到观众的好评。该电影也成为了中国电影对外译介的典范，在促成电影海外译介的成功因素中，副文本起到关键作用。本论文融合翻译学和传播学，通过对电影《解密》英译版的片名、英文版主题曲、片头与片尾字幕等内副文本，以及内容概要、预告片、海报、影评等外副文本的分析，揭示了副文本在帮助观众理解电影、体现译者价值、阐释中国文化以及促进商业传播中的多重作用。期待该研究能够丰富中国红色文化类的影视英译译介研究，并为中国电影的国际传播提供一定的启示。
Rebellion and Reconstruction: An Analysis of the Characteristics of the Epic Theatre in the Western Drama—Take Hebei Bangzi, Medea, as an Example
Authors: Zhao Qixin
Published: January 2025

河北梆子《美狄亚》作为“西戏中演”的代表，改编自古希腊悲剧作家欧里庇得斯的同名作品。本文基于布莱希特史诗剧理论对现代戏剧的影响以及多元文化交流中传统戏曲面临现代化转型的背景，通过理论研究、文本分析、跨文化比较研究等途径，探讨史诗剧特征在河北梆子《美狄亚》中如何应用与体现，揭示史诗剧理论在中国地方戏曲现代化进程中实现的创新转化与理性深度，并在这一过程中论述由布莱希特“反叛”致使的对戏曲的误解和偏狭，从而探赜中国戏曲对史诗剧理论的改良与重构。
A Review of “Singing and Gaming” Textbooks in China from 1912 to 1949 and Contemporary Insights
Authors: Ye Hui
Published: January 2025

唱游教材是融合唱歌、游戏、表情唱歌、听音动作、节奏、舞蹈等多种元素于一体的综合性音乐教材。为了响应政府颁布的教育法规，从1912-1949 年我国陆续编订许多唱游教材，这些教材主要配以歌曲外，还都会为歌曲编配图示说明、游戏规则和角色分工等内容。为了更全面地认识和理解唱游教科书的历史发展与意义，需要对“唱游”课程以及教材的发展脉络、内涵、具体内容等方面进行深入探究。这不仅有利于我们能更好地把握“唱游”的本质和特性，而且对当下唱游课程的实施也具有重要的参考价值。
Application Research of CIPP Evaluation Model in Compulsory Education Dance Course Evaluation
Authors: Gao Yincong , Yan Chunwei
Published: January 2025

2022 年舞蹈课程首次作为独立学科纳入义务教育八、九年级第四学段艺术选项课程体系。随着我国义务教育舞蹈课程的深入开展，如何对现有义务教育舞蹈课程进行科学评价和改进变得越来越重要和紧迫。CIPP 评价模式是一种以决策为导向的评价模式，涵盖从方案的形成、实施到结果的全面评估，强调评价在为管理者提供决策信息服务中的重要性，它考虑了目标选择的合理性，克服了以往目标评价的不足，适用于义务教育中的舞蹈课程评价。本研究探讨CIPP 评价模式应用于义务教育舞蹈课程评价的适切性，基于CIPP 评价模式探索构建出具有发展性、指导性和可操作性的义务教育舞蹈课程评价指标体系，为义务教育第四学段舞蹈课程建设以及评价提供理论框架，进一步丰富义务教育舞蹈课程评价的理论。
Budgets of Working Families in the Area of Bilbao Estuary (North of Spain) in 1924
Authors: Beascoechea-Gangoiti Jose María , Pareja-Alonso Arantza , Serrano-Abad Susana
Published: January 2025

The article reconstructs wages and expenses to estimate the budgets of urban working-class families with dependent minor children during the 1920s. The scope of the study is the metropolitan area of the Bilbao Estuary, considering its complex social and economic composition. Residential (Getxo) and industrial (Sestao) towns on both sides of the estuary were selected, as well as central and peripheral working-class district areas of the city of Bilbao. The primary source used is the registers of inhabitants corresponding to these municipalities for the year 1924.

El artículo reconstruye los salarios y los gastos para estimar los presupuestos de las familias obreras urbanas con hijos menores dependientes durante la década de 1920. El estudio se centra en el área metropolitana de la Ría de Bilbao, considerando su compleja composición social y económica. Se seleccionaron núcleos residenciales (Getxo) e industriales (Sestao) en ambas márgenes de la ría, así como zonas centrales y periféricas de los barrios de clase obrera en la ciudad de Bilbao. La fuente principal son los padrones de habitantes de estos municipios correspondientes al año 1924.
LA IMPORTANCIA DE LAS HABILIDADES BLANDAS EN EDUCACIÓN SUPERIOR: EL CASO DEL TECNOLÓGICO NACIONAL DE MÉXICO.
Authors: Armenta Verdugo Estrella Evelyn , Ramírez Castillejo Griselda , Olayo Valles Jorge Alberto , Marrón Ramos Domingo Noé
Published: January 2025

La formación de habilidades blandas cobra relevancia a partir de la demanda de profesionales capaces de adaptarse a distintos ámbitos laborales, lo cual conlleva a que las Instituciones de Educación Superior (IES) las implementen en sus programas de estudio. Su enseñanza, dado el contexto global del mercado laboral actual, toma incluso igual o mayor relevancia que las habilidades técnicas, por las ventajas competitivas que brinda al egresado. El propósito de la presente investigación es analizar los lineamientos, perfiles de egreso y programas de asignaturas del Tecnológico Nacional de México (TecNM), para dar a conocer cómo se está abordando la enseñanza de habilidades blandas en esta institución de educación superior.
La metodología utilizada es descriptiva-documental con la que se busca presentar el panorama actual de la enseñanza de las habilidades blandas en los programas de licenciatura del TecNM, mediante la revisión de lineamientos, perfiles de egreso y programas de asignaturas, con un enfoque transversal, que permite abordar un porcentaje significativo del total de dichos programas.
Los resultados obtenidos muestran que si bien, el modelo educativo contempla la importancia de las habilidades blandas en la formación de sus profesionistas, pero que su enseñanza varía de manera significativa de un programa a otro, y no tienen la misma presencia en los contenidos curriculares.
Como conclusión se considera que a pesar de los grandes beneficios que da la enseñanza y desarrollo de las habilidades blandas en educación superior, al proveer a los egresados de competencias que les permiten ser más competitivos profesionalmente y tener mejores oportunidades laborales; en muchos casos las habilidades blandas se ven relegadas a un segundo plano de importancia, dando mucha mayor relevancia a las habilidades duras, en oposición a lo que se manifiesta en el modelo educativo y los perfiles de egreso de los programas de licenciatura del TecNM.
APLICACIÓN DE LA GESTIÓN ESTRATÉGICA EMPLEANDO EL MODELO PERT, CASO DE ESTUDIO: PLAN DE NEGOCIOS
Authors: Contreras Gonzaga Jesús Irving , Del Ángel Galindo Arely Jazmín , Mendoza Montero Fátima Yaraset , Medina Molina Yearim , Arias Rodríguez Tania
Published: January 2025

En la presente investigación se implementó un método para la planificación proyectos aplicado en un plan de negocios, el cual tiene como objetivo optimizar la evaluación de los tiempos de ejecución para mejorar la planificación del proyecto y la toma de decisiones. En los cuales se tiene una mala gestión, durante y después del proyecto, por lo tanto, dicho modelo permitió coordinar un gran número de actividades y culminar satisfactoriamente dicho plan de negocios en 22 semanas. Por otra parte, permite representar gráficamente las diferentes actividades que componen el proyecto y calcular los tiempos de ejecución. Por consiguiente, este modelo está planteado de esta forma para visualizar la importancia de las labores interconectadas. De acuerdo a esta característica, PERT fungió como una herramienta valiosa para gestionar proyectos complejos, y el impacto que tiene en los diversos actores que lo componen. Así permitió  clarificar los plazos y la evolución de aquellas tareas que se lleven a cabo de forma simultánea.
EDUCACIÓN, FAMILIA Y LA REVOLUCIÓN TECNOLÓGICA
Authors: Balandra Aguilar Lorena Elizabeth , Martínez Ramírez Violeta , Luciano Machorro Teresa , García Avalos Mauricio
Published: January 2025

Época de posmodernidad, tiempo de inteligencia artificial basada en la psicología y el psicoanálisis, el individualismo juega un papel importante y del cuál dependerá la existencia de los pueblos más que de las solidaridades, en ésta época el papel de la familia en la educación tiene un importante impacto, personas solas, familias desintegradas, madres trabajadoras, en el que la comunicación será un factor fundamental en la transmisión de valores y en la educación, en esta tercera ola como la llama Alvin Toffler [1].
La realidad se basa en valores individuales, la tecnología juega un papel importante ya que genera nuevas relaciones económicas, laborales y familiares, esta revolución tecnológica genera la inteligencia artificial que es capaz de controlar múltiples variables en poco tiempo y en el que los valores sociales se encuentran vacíos de acción.
MEDICIÓN DE LOS FACTORES TECNOLÓGICOS EN EL PROCESO DE ENSEÑANZA-APRENDIZAJE A NIVEL SUPERIOR CON EL USO DE SEIS SIGMA
Authors: Contreras Gonzaga Jesús Irving , Olvera Fuentes Ángel Yair , Rodríguez Cuellar Ruth , Mendoza Montero Fátima Yaraset , Lara Martínez Mónica
Published: January 2025

La presente investigación forma parte del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje en el entorno tecnológico, el cual busca eficientar la misma a través de seis sigma, con el fin de Conocer el impacto del uso de las TIC en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje a nivel superior a través de seis sigma. Buscando lograr una calidad igual o mejor que la tradicional como es la presencial. Las tecnologías de la información y comunicación (TIC) buscan un lugar en el aprendizaje de manera productiva y de gran calidad, para favorecer a todo un entorno educativo y dar el aprovechamiento optimo que ofrece hoy en dio las tecnologías de la información y comunicación (TIC) a todos los cibernautas, para adaptarse a un entorno globalizado para favorecer al proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje.
COMPARACIÓN DEL ANÁLISIS ESPECTRAL NO PARAMÉTRICO APLICADO EN LAS SEÑALES DEL EEG PARA IDENTIFICAR MOVIMIENTO GESTUALES
Authors: Moreno Vázquez José de Jesús , Quino Ortiz Brayan , Sartorius Castellanos Aldo Rafael
Published: January 2025

Actualmente, se han aplicado técnicas de procesamiento digital en la determinación del parpadeo obtenida de señales del electroencefalograma (EEG). Sin embargo, no se ha propuesto una comparación determinista en la búsqueda de frecuencias dominantes que determinen los movimientos gestuales.
El propósito del siguiente estudio es determinar patrones generados por 6 movimientos gestuales: Apertura / Cierre - Ojo, Apertura / Cierre - Boca, Concentración, Meditación, Movimiento Ocular Arriba / Abajo y Movimiento Ojo Izquierdo / Derecho registrados en elárea prefrontal en el punto
The Terminology of the Worksheet in the National Museum of Korea under the Perspective of Understanding- Focusing on the Self-Guided Worksheet for Crafts in the Museum-
Authors: Kim Hyun-a
Published: January 2025

This paper aims to check whether the terminology in the self-worksheet provided by a museum can be understood by non-professional visitors and to clarify the importance of using terminology made up of easy everyday word. To study the visitors' understanding of terminology in the worksheet, six types of craft-themed worksheets developed for elementary school students in the National Museum were analyzed. Then, I studied the types of vocabulary about terminology in the worksheet and calculated the distance from everyday terms. As a result, a total of 121 technical terms in the field of crafts (removing overlapping vocabulary) were extracted, of which 81.8% were Chinese characters. This is a much higher proportion than the proportions of Chinese characters in the entry of the standard Korean dictionary as well as elementary school textbooks. The terminology used in the worksheet is mainly made up of Chinese characters that are difficult for elementary school students who have only used Hangeul.
It is obvious that terminology based on Chanise characters is difficult to understand, but the most important thing is that the meaning of terms should be easy to understand as spoken language, regardless of whether it is a native term or Chinese. Therefore, I measured and calculated the distance between the 26,678 everyday words spoken by children and the terminology used by the worksheet for craft field. The result showed that the distance between the two terms was quite far, 66.1. This means that more than half of the technical terms in the craft field are unfamiliar expressions that elementary school students have not encountered in their everyday lives, indicating that the worksheet of the National Museum is very difficult.
The worksheet provided by the museum for visitors serves as a guide for understanding the exhibition. Therefore, the terminology contained in the worksheet should be in a form that visitors can easily accept. For the worksheet to be used by elementary school students as excellent learning material, it is urgent to reorganize and correct the terminology of the worksheet to meet the language level of the user.
Pengaruh Literasi Zakat dan Kepercayaan Muzakki terhadap Keputusan Membayar Zakat di Baznas Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Barat
Authors: Aulia Taufig Kurrahman  , Arsa Arsa  , Beid Fitrianova Andriani
Published: January 2025

A decision is something that motivates someone to do something they want to do and it is influenced by their habits and personality. Decisions are influenced by two factors, including knowledge (literacy) and trust (belief). This research aims to determine the influence of zakat literacy and muzakki beliefs on the muzakki's decision to pay zakat in Baznas, West Tanjung Jabung Regency (study in the community of Tungkal Ilir District). The method in this research is quantitative research. The samples were taken using nonprobability techniques. The analysis used is multiple linear regression with the SPSS 27 program. The research results show that zakat literacy (X1) partially has a positive and significant effect on decisions (Y), muzakki trust (X2) partially has a positive and significant effect on decisions (Y). Meanwhile, simultaneously zakat literacy and muzakki beliefs have a positive and significant influence on muzakki's decision to pay zakat in Baznas, West Tanjung Jabung Regency (study of the Tungkal Ilir District community).
Mengenal Hukum Udhiyah dan Adab Berkurban dalam Islam
Authors: Oktavia Rahmadani  , Ratna Sholihah  , Aisyah Hana Robbani  , Mahmud Alfayed  , Roza Andini  , Wismanto Wismanto
Published: January 2025

The act of sacrifice (udhiyah) is a form of worship in Islam that holds profound spiritual and social values. Sacrifice aims to draw closer to Allah SWT while demonstrating solidarity with others through the distribution of meat to the community, especially those in need. However, the implementation of sacrifice is often not fully understood, particularly regarding its rulings and etiquettes, such as the selection of animals, slaughtering procedures, and meat distribution. This study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the rulings of udhiyah and the etiquettes of sacrifice based on Islamic law.The research employs a qualitative approach with a library research method. Data were collected from primary sources such as the Qur'an and hadith, as well as secondary sources including books of Islamic jurisprudence, scholarly journals, and other relevant literature. Data analysis was conducted descriptively to identify and organize systematic insights related to the topic.The results indicate that sacrifice is obligatory for those who can afford it according to some scholars, while the majority consider it a strongly recommended act (sunnah muakkad). The etiquettes of sacrifice include sincere intentions, selecting animals that meet Islamic requirements, proper and humane slaughtering, and proportional meat distribution. Sacrifice also holds spiritual wisdom, such as strengthening faith and gratitude, as well as social benefits by fostering community bonds through sharing.This study concludes that sacrifice is not merely an annual ritual but also a reflection of values such as devotion, sincerity, and solidarity that must be instilled continuously in the lives of Muslims.
Hubungan Religiusitas dan Grit dengan Subjective Well-Being pada Mahasiswa Psikologi
Authors: Khilwa Khabibah  , Aura Shandra Ashary  , Shania Putri Kishani  , Lucky Purwantini
Published: January 2025

The transition to college life often requires students to face various challenges and significant changes in their lives. Individuals who have a high level of subjective well-being tend to have the ability to assess life events in a more positive way. This study aims to analyze the relationship between religiosity and grit with subjective well-being in Psychology students at Universitas Islam 45 Bekasi. This study used a quantitative method involving 134 respondents who were determined using a non-probability sampling technique with a consecutive sampling method. Data collection was carried out using three psychological scales, namely the religiosity scale, the grit scale, and the subjective well-being scale, and the data analysis techniques applied included assumption tests using normality and linearity tests, as well as hypothesis tests using correlation tests and multiple linear regression analysis. The results showed that there was a significant positive relationship between religiosity and subjective well-being (r = 0.546, p <0.005), as well as between grit and subjective well-being (r = 0.738, p <0.005). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that religiosity and grit together could predict 57.6% of the variance in subjective well-being (R2 = 0.576), (F(2,121) = 89.037), (p < 0.001), while the remaining 42.4% was influenced by other factors.
Peran Guru dalam Mengembangkan Kreativitas Kelas V Melalui Kegiatan Seni di SD
Authors: Yeni Nuraeni  , Siti Sholikha  , Nadya Prima Wulandari  , Mutiara Erlita Romli  , Wurinda Nur Baiti
Published: January 2025

This research aims to analyze the role of teachers in developing the creativity of fifth grade students through art activities in elementary schools. Teachers act as educators, tutors, mentors, motivators and evaluators who create creative and innovative learning. Fine arts education is oriented towards developing creative thinking abilities, creative skills and art appreciation. Supporting factors in the form of infrastructure, school culture, the role of teachers, and extracurricular activities can increase student creativity. However, there are obstacles such as limited facilities, teacher competence, family support, and curriculum time. Solutions include collaboration with the arts community, teacher training, parent education, and integration of the arts in other subjects.
Code Switching and Code Mixing Analysis in the Activities of the Avicenna Language Rayon Writing Class: A Sociolinguistic Study
Authors: Lestari Oktavia Winda
Published: January 2025

Abstract: This research started from the results of observations carried out in the Avicenna Language District. Based on observations, it is known that in the process of writing class activities tend to use code switching and code mixing. This study aims to describe the types of code switching, code mixing, the form of code switching, and the factors that cause code switching and code mixing in Avicenna's writing class activities. The method in data analysis is a qualitative description method. Data collection techniques through participant observation using recording and note-taking techniques. Meanwhile, data analysis uses inductive data analysis to find research results by categorizing specific things that have been found to be directed to general categories. The results of the analysis obtained in this study.     Keywords: code switch, code mix, factor, avicenna, an sociolinguistic study.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.61436/bsscd/v3i2.pp90-98
The Role of the Millennial Community in Achieving True Happiness
Authors: Anugraheni Indri Wisdiarti , Pratama Apriyadi Romadon , Hilal Baleo
Published: January 2025

Abstract: Being happy is a desire that anyone in this world has, including the millennial generation. The millennial generation has a positive influence on the progress of the nation, this is evidenced by the many young people who contribute to politics, economics and other fields. However, there are still many problems faced by the younger generation, ranging from problems of experience, strong mentality and good environment. This can be seen from the rise of suicides and mental illnesses as evidence of the implications of the modern world being a challenge for the younger generation. This research aims to find out how the concept of gratitude of the millennial community in achieving happiness to give birth to a generation of fighters. The research conducted is descriptive qualitative using literature studies and describing the results of previous research in order to obtain additional discussion for analysis of the discussion. The results of this study explain that gratitude is a very important teaching in religion, so that dhikr and worship are the implementation of gratitude to God in accordance with the Qur'an and hadith. As a servant of God, gratitude is not a compulsion but a necessity that is lived with a sense of happiness. Happiness is created and sought by doing good and being in a good community.     Keywords: gratitude concept, millennial generation, happiness.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.61436/bsscd/v3i2.pp105-111
Literature as a Cross Cultural Communication Media by Andrea Hirata’s Edensor Novel in BIPA Learning
Authors: Almakali Nur Syamsi Rafsanjani , Lestari Oktavia Winda , Jazeri Mohamad
Published: January 2025

Abstract: Literature is considered as a medium of cross-cultural communication that can lead to the existence of a culture in a new environment. Literature used as a medium of cross-cultural communication can be a tool for BIPA learning. The purpose of this study is to describe the existence of cross-cultural communication through literature in BIPA learning. The data of this research are in the form of depictions of events experienced by characters in literature. The data obtained were then analyzed by interpreting, described and then analyzed. The analysis was carried out in an analytical descriptive way through the reading of literary works. The data collection technique used is a literature study by collecting qualitative data from previous studies and relevant theories in accordance with the theme of the study. The results of this study prove that Andrea Hirata's Edensor novel represents persistence with culture and as a medium of cross-cultural communication in BIPA learning. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the cross-culture described in Edensor's novel is due to the persistence of an indigenous child's dream in a new environment.    Keywords: literature, communication media, cross culture, novel, edensor.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.61436/bsscd/v3i2.pp112-122
ხელვაჩაურის მუნიციპალიტეტის ისტორიიდან
Authors: ოქროპირიძე უჩა
Published: January 2025

სტატიაში მოკლედ არის წარმოდგენილი ხელვაჩაურის მუნიცი­პა­ლიტეტის ისტორია უძველესი დროიდან (ნეოლითის ხანა - ძვ. წ. VII-VI ათას­წლეული) თანამედროვე პერიოდამდე. უძველესი პერიოდის ამსახველი არქეოლოგიური ძეგლებისა და წერილობითი წყაროების საფუძველზე განხილულია  კოლხეთისა და ლაზიკის სამეფოს ისტორია, რომელიც გეოგრაფიულად მოიცავდა ხელვაჩაურის მუნიციპალიტეტს.
ნაშრომში მოთხრობილია ისტორია ხელვაჩაურის მუნიციპალიტეტისა, რო­მელიც ქართლის (იბერია) და შემდეგ პონტოს სამეფოების შემადგენლობაში შე­დიოდა (სტრაბონის, პლინიუსის, კლავდიუს პტოლემაიოსის და სხვათა მიხედ­ვით), მოგვიანებით კი - ქართლის, შემდგომ გურიისა და ლიხთიმერეთის ქარ­თულ სამეფოში. საუბარია ბათუმის ირგვლივ არსებულ მნიშვნელოვან დასახ­ლე­ბებზეც - მატიუმზე, ციხისძირზე, აფსარუსზე (გონიო), ფიჭვნარზე. ყურადღება გამახვი­ლე­ბულია ქრისტეს მოციქულების აჭარაში მოგზაურობაზე და ამ ფაქტის ისტო­რიულ მნიშვნელობაზე.
ნაშრომში განხილულია რეგიო­ნის რუსეთთან გაერთიანება (1878), მისი რუ­სეთის იმპერიასა და საბჭოთა შემად­გენ­ლობაში ყოფნის პერიოდიც. ასევე გადმოცემულია ხელვაჩაურის მუნიციპა­ლი­ტეტში ეროვნული მოძრაობის ისტორიის მოკლე შინაარსი და საუბარია საქართ­ველოს დამოუკიდებელი სახელმწიფოს იურისდიქციის აღდგენაზე, ხელვაჩაურის მუნიციპალიტეტის ისტორიის უახ­ლეს პერიოდზეც.
ROLE OF ULTRASOUND IN ASSESSMENT OF SPLEEN IN PATIENTS WITH THALASSEMIA
Authors: Zunaira Murtaza  , Sadia Sabir
Published: January 2025

Background: Thalassemia is a genetic blood disorder that can lead to significant splenic complications. Ultrasound assessment of the spleen in thalassemia patients is crucial for early detection and management of these complications.
Objective: To sonographically assess spleen characteristics in patients with thalassemia.
Methods: This prospective observational study included 101 thalassemia patients at Dastak hospital, Sabzazar, Lahore, over a 9-month period. Patients of all ages and genders with confirmed thalassemia diagnoses were included, while normal individuals, those with abdominal distension, and previous abdominal surgery were excluded. Ultrasound examinations were performed to assess spleen size, volume, and echogenicity.
Results: The mean age of patients was 7.32 years, with 68.3% having thalassemia major and 31.7% thalassemia minor. The mean spleen size was 13.64 cm, and the mean volume was 83.92 cm³. Splenomegaly was observed in 65.3% of patients, with 74.3% showing hyperechoic spleens. A significant association was found between patient age and spleen abnormality (p = 0.036), as well as between thalassemia type and increased spleen echogenicity (p = 0.001).
Conclusion: Ultrasound assessment revealed significant splenic changes in thalassemia patients, with associations between spleen characteristics, age, and thalassemia type. These findings emphasize the importance of regular sonographic monitoring of the spleen in thalassemia patients for guiding treatment and assessing disease progression.
On the Interplanetary Cosmic-Space Temperature Fluctuations Application Possibility with Superconductors and Molecular Effect Modelling for Energy Optimization in Future Space Long-Voyages
Authors: Casesnoves Francisco
Published: January 2025

Superconductors Molecular Effect Model (MEM) was published in a series of contributions for High Temperature Superconductors (HTSC) Type I and II. A cautious pre-hypothesis is presented for future applications with these HTSC for optimizing the exploitation of cosmic space temperature fluctuations, not exclusively related to MEM. This pre-hypothesis project for possible upcoming missions applications, both in human-crew or robotic spacecrafts is explained and technically justified. Advantages and inconvenients are discussed. A review of 3D Interior and Graphical Optimization with HTSC MEM model, namely Hg-Cuprates, is included with main Critical Temperature numerical algorithms/formulas previously developed. This updated refinement for Hg-Cuprates MEM shows error in TC prediction ≈ 4 K, and is the forward improvement whose errors have to be continued decreasing in next MEM development stages.
Analyse de la dynamique des Accroissements en Biomasse aérienne et Séquestration du Carbone des Arbres de la Reserve des biosphère de Luki, RD Congo
Authors: Ambayi Bienu Sylvain , K. Lubalega Tolerant , P. Khasa Damase , Musibono Eyul'Ank Dieudonné , Longa Ndjate Pierrot , Lwamba Kahoz Franck , Okoto Washema Mamie Alice , Mambweni Nginamau Cedrick , Pombo Nzinga Blaise , Kidikwadi Tango Eustache , Belesi Katula Honoré
Published: January 2025

Résumé

L'analyse de la dynamique des accroissements en biomasse aérienne et de la séquestration du carbone de la Réserve de Luki est cruciale pour comprendre les rôles de celle-ci dans la régulation du climat et la conservation de la biodiversité.

Les données ont été collectées à partir de 15 parcelles permanentes d'un hectare chacune réparties dans trois zones de gestion: Zone centrale, tampon et de transition. Les analyses statistiques de l'ANOVA et les coefficients de corrélation, ont révélé des variations spatiales et temporelles significatives dans la croissance des arbres.

La séquestration du carbone est fortement corrélée au volume des arbres, ce qui indique que la croissance du volume est un indicateur clé de la capacité de stockage du carbone. Ces résultats contribuent à une meilleure compréhension de la dynamique forestière sous les pressions humaines et naturelles, et fournissent des informations pour les stratégies de gestion ciblées visant à optimiser la séquestration du carbone et à renforcer la résilience des forêts.

Mots clés: Accroissement des arbres, biomasse, carbone séquestré, Réserve de biosphère de Luki
USULAN PENERAPAN GREEN PRODUCTIVITY PADA PROSES PRODUKSI TAHU (STUDI KASUS : UD TAHU PAK MAT RODLI)
Authors: Fitri Lailatul , Syakhroni Akhmad , Bernadhi Brav Deva
Published: January 2025

UD Tahu Pak Mat Rodli merupakan slah satu UD yang bergerak pada industri olahan makanan. Banyaknya air yang digunakan pada proses produksi memicu timbulnya limbah cair, dimana limbah ini apabila tidak dikelola dengan baik dapat menimbulkan pencemaran lingkungan seperti munculnya bau tidak sedap. Dengan menggunakan metode green productivity dapat mengatasi masalah yang timbul akibat pencemaran lingkungan. Diketahui produktivitas total dari bulan Januari-Desember 2023 nilainya >1 dengan jumlah produktivitas total 16,37 dengan rata-rata 1,37 yang berarti efisiensi produksi perusahaan melebihi standar yang ditetapkan. Dari hasil uji lab limbah cair tahu terdapat 4 parameter yang diujikan yaitu TSS, pH, BOD dan COD. Pada perhitungan indeks EPI diketahui nilai akhir 9,4 yang termasuk dalam kategori kurang baik. Dari penyusunan alternatif dapat diberikan usulan dengan menerapkan IPAL yaitu pompa NANO Smart Filter Advacnce Model NSF 4500.
Kata kunci: Environmental Performance Indikator (EPI); Green Productivity; 5W+1H
Luonnontieteiden yhteisöllisessä tietokoneavusteisessa oppimisessa omaksuttujen funktionaalisten osallistumisen roolien luokittelun kehittely
Authors: Heinimäki Olli-Pekka , Salo Anne-Elina , Vauras Marja
Published: January 2025

Yhteisöllisessä oppimistilanteessa ryhmä, sen jäsenet ja oppimisympäristö ovat aktiivisessa vuorovaikutussuhteessa toisiinsa. Roolit ovat keskeinen osa tätä monimutkaista kokonaisuutta. Rooleja onkin hyödynnetty laadukkaan yhteisöllisen oppimisen edistämisessä määrittämällä opiskelijoille ennalta rooleja oppimistilanteessa omaksuttavaksi. Tällä tavoin roolien spontaani ja dynaaminen luonne jää kuitenkin tavoittamatta. Tutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli kehittää funktionaalisten osallistumisen roolien kuvaus- ja luokitusjärjestelmä, joka tavoittaa roolien dynaamisuuden luonnontieteiden virtuaalisessa oppimisympäristössä tapahtuvasta sosiaalisesta oppimisvuorovaikutuksesta, ja arvioida sen luotettavuutta ja hyödynnettävyyttä yhteisöllisen oppimisvuorovaikutuksen tutkimisessa. Tavoitteiden saavuttamiseksi käytettiin hetki hetkeltä etenevää tarkkaa videoanalyysia ja hyödynnettiin roolien eri funktioita ilmentäviä aineisto-otteita. Aineistosta, jossa lukio-opiskelijat työskentelivät kasvokkain pienryhmissä virtuaalisessa luonnontieteiden oppimisympäristössä, tunnistettiin ja luokiteltiin 17 funktionaalista osallistumisen roolia. Analyysi toi tukea roolien spontaanille ja dynaamiselle käsitteellistämiselle ja funktionaalisten osallistumisen roolien merkitykselle yhteisöllisen oppimisen tutkimisessa.
Narratiivinen altistusterapia
Authors: Peltonen Kirsi , Nyberg Jenni , Kangaslampi Samuli , Qvarnström-Obrey Ann-Christin
Published: January 2025

Narratiivinen altistusterapia on traumaperäisen stressihäiriön (PTSD) hoitoon kehitetty yksilöterapiamuoto, jonka keskiössä on traumamuistoille altistaminen turvallisissa olosuhteissa sekä kokonaisen ja eheän elämäntarinan rakentaminen. Tässä artikkelissa käsittelemme NET:n, ja siitä johdetun lasten ja nuorten hoitoon kehitetyn KIDNET:n tuloksellisuutta, toimintamekanismeja sekä terapiamuodon käyttökelpoisuutta suomalaisessa terveydenhuollossa. Tarkastelemme lasten ja nuorten parissa toteutettujen NET ja KIDNET-interventioiden tehokkuutta myös tilastollisen meta-analyysin avulla.
Innostus on eteenpäin vievä voima opettajan työssä
Authors: Wenström Sanna
Published: January 2025

Sanna Wenströmin kasvatustieteen väitöskirja ”Enthusiasm as a driving force in vocational education and training (VET) teachers’ work. Defining positive organization and positive leadership in VET” tarkastettiin Lapin yliopistossa 7.1.2020. Vastaväittäjänä toimi professori Johanna Lasonen (University of South Florida) ja kustoksena professori Satu Uusiautti (Lapin yliopisto).
Suomalaisten Rehtorien Työhyvinvointiprofiilit, Voimavarat ja Vaatimukset
Authors: Upadyaya Katja , Salonen Visajaani , Ikonen Antti , Huotilainen Minna , Salmela-Aro Katariina
Published: January 2025

Tässä tutkimuksessa tarkasteltiin suomalaisten rehtorien työhyvinvointia työinnon ja -uupumuksen profiilien avulla. Profiileja ennustettiin voimavarat-vaatimukset mallin mukaisesti erilaisilla rehtorien työhön liittyvillä tekijöillä (mm. hallinnolliset tehtävät, uuden opetussuunnitelman (OPS) tuomat haasteet, koulun arvot, työn monikulttuurisuusrikkaus). Tutkimukseen osallistui 575 (60% naisia) rehtoria eri puolilta Suomea, jotka vastasivat heille lähetyn työhyvinvointia, voimavaroja ja vaatimuksia koskevaan kyselyn. Latentin profiilianalyysin avulla löydettiin kolme hyvinvointiprofiilia: 56% rehtoreista koki samanaikaisesti korkeaa työintoa ja matalaa uupumusta (innostuneet), 33% koki keskitasoista uupumusta ja innostusta (uupumusriskissä olevat), ja 12% koki korkeaa uupumusta ja keskitasoista työintoa (uupuneet). Rehtorit, jotka kokivat että uusi OPS toi paljon haasteita heidän työhönsä, että koulun arvot eivät vastanneet heidän henkilökohtaisia arvojaan, kuuluivat useammin uupumusriski- tai uupuneiden ryhmään verrattuna innostuneiden ryhmään. Rehtorit, jotka raportoivat monikulttuurisuuden rikastuttavan työtänsä kuuluivat useammin työintoisten kuin uupuneiden ryhmään. Tulokset osoittivat, että suuri osa (56%) rehtoreista koki alhaista työuupumusta, mutta rehtorien työhön liittyvät spesifit vaatimukset (uuden OPSin tuomat haasteet, hallinnollinen työ) lisäävät rehtoreiden uupumusriskiä.
Identiteetin kehitys aikuisuudessa työn ja perheen elämänalueilla
Authors: Fadjukoff Päivi , Pulkkinen Lea , Kokko Katja
Published: January 2025

Tutkimuksessa selvitettiin identiteetin muotoutumista aikuisuudessa työn, parisuhteen ja vanhemmuuden alueilla. Osana Lapsesta aikuiseksi –pitkittäistutkimusta toteutettiin puolistrukturoitu identiteettihaastattelu ikävuosina 27, 36, 42 ja 50. Tutkittavien identiteettistatus (selkiintymätön, etsivä, omaksuttu tai saavutettu) määritettiin kullekin kolmelle elämänalueelle. Lisäksi selvitettiin, liittyykö identiteettistatus eri ikävaiheissa samanaikaiseen elämäntilanteeseen. Nuorilla 27-vuotiailla miehillä, joilla ei ollut kokoaikaista työtä, oli muita tyypillisemmin etsivä työidentiteetti. Saman ikäisillä naisilla vakinaisen parisuhteen puuttumiseen liittyi etsivä parisuhdeidentiteetti. 36-vuotiailla miehillä lapsettomuus liittyi etsivään tai selkiintymättömään vanhemmuusidentiteettiin. Myöhemmin yhteys elämäntilanteen ja identiteettistatuksen välillä näkyi selkiintymättömässä identiteetissä: selkiintymätön työidentiteetti oli yleisempää ilman kokoaikaista työtä olevilla miehillä 42-vuotiaana ja naisilla 50-vuotiaana, selkiintymätön parisuhdeidentiteetti ilman parisuhdetta olevilla miehillä ja naisilla 50-vuotiaana, ja selkiintymätön vanhemmuusidentiteetti lapsettomilla naisilla 42-vuotiaana. Tulokset osoittavat, että elämäntilanteet ovat yhteydessä identiteetin muotoutumiseen läpi aikuisuuden, mutta yksilöllinen vaihtelu on suurta. Myös saavutettua identiteettiä esiintyi kaikissa ikävaiheissa ja kaikissa elämäntilanteissa olevilla miehillä ja naisilla.
Opiskeluasenteiden, sukupuolen ja matematiikan osaamisen yhteydet PISA-tutkimuksessa
Authors: Pulkkinen Jonna , Hiltunen Jenna
Published: January 2025

Tutkimuksen tavoitteena oli selvittää, miten opiskeluasenteet, sukupuoli ja matematiikan osaamistaso ovat yhteydessä toisiinsa sekä millaisia ryhmiä oppilaista voidaan muodostaa heidän opiskeluasenteidensa perusteella ja miten ryhmät eroavat toisistaan. Aineistona oli vuoden 2018 PISA-aineisto (N = 5 649). Sukupuolen ja osaamistason yhteyttä opiskeluasenteisiin tarkasteltiin keskiarvoilla ja regressioanalyysilla. Oppilaiden ryhmittelyssä käytettiin latenttia profiilianalyysia, ja ryhmien välisiä eroja tarkasteltiin ristiintaulukoinnilla. Sekä sukupuoli että matematiikan osaamistaso olivat yhteydessä opiskeluasenteisiin. Pojat suhtautuivat myönteisemmin kilpailuun kuin tytöt, kun taas tyttöjen suoritusmotivaatio, koulutuksen arvostaminen ja oppimistavoitteet olivat suurempia. Minäpystyvyydessä sukupuolten välillä ei ollut eroa. Heikoilla osaajilla edellä mainitut asenteet olivat kielteisempiä kuin muilla. Tytöt ja erinomaiset osaajat pelkäsivät epäonnistumista muita enemmän. Sukupuolten välillä ei ollut eroa siinä, miten matematiikan osaamistaso selitti opiskeluasenteita. Opiskeluasenteiden perusteella oppilaista muodostui kolme ryhmää: vähän koulutusta arvostavat (3 %), myönteisesti oppimiseen ja kouluun suhtautuvat (46 %) ja kielteisesti oppimiseen ja kouluun suhtautuvat (52 %). Tytöt olivat yliedustettuina myönteisesti oppimiseen ja kouluun suhtautuvien ryhmässä, kun taas kahdessa muussa ryhmässä enemmistö oli poikia. Vähän koulutusta arvostavien ryhmässä puolet oli heikkoja osaajia.
Eroon kausaalikammosta
Authors: Kukkamäki Mari
Published: January 2025

Tuukka Kaidesoja, Tomi Kankainen & Petri Ylikoski (toim.) Syistä selityksiin. Kausaalisuus ja selittäminen yhteiskuntatieteissä. Helsinki: Gaudeamus, 2019
Vanhemmuus on iloinen asia
Authors: Punamäki Raija-Leena
Published: January 2025

Lea Pulkkinen. Lapsen hyvinvointi alkaa kodista. PS-kustannus, 2022.
Biosensors on teaching quality in applied higher education institutions from a biomechanical perspective
Authors: Liu Hong
Published: January 2025

This study examines the impact of wearable biosensor technology on student engagement and academic performance in educational settings. The purpose was to investigate how experience with biosensors influences engagement levels and whether this engagement correlates with academic success. Key issues addressed include the unexpected negative correlation between biosensor experience and academic performance, indicating that reliance on technology may not always enhance learning outcomes. Innovative aspects of this research involve identifying the complex relationship between technology use and educational effectiveness, underscoring the need for strategic integration. Proposed solutions include enhanced educator training and active learning strategies that effectively utilize biosensors. The feasibility of these solutions is supported by existing literature on effective teaching practices. Ultimately, findings highlight the importance of thoughtful technology integration to foster meaningful learning experiences.
Multi-frequency and multi-system GNSS positioning data fusion algorithm based on Kalman filter
Authors: Chen Zerui , Xiao  Yanhong , Ou Jiaxiang , Wu Xin , Hu Houpeng , Xiao Jian , Yang Shang , Gao Zhenghao
Published: January 2025

With the widespread application of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) in the fields of positioning and navigation, traditional single frequency and single system positioning methods are gradually unable to meet the requirements of high accuracy and high reliability. Especially in complex and dynamic environments, GNSS signals are affected by multipath effects, occlusion, and interference, resulting in a significant decrease in positioning accuracy. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop a multi-frequency and multi-system GNSS positioning data fusion algorithm. This article used Kalman filtering technology and combined the data characteristics of multi-frequency and multi-system GNSS signals to study a new positioning data fusion algorithm. By comprehensively processing different GNSS systems and frequency signals, the positioning accuracy and anti-interference ability were significantly improved. The experimental results showed that the algorithm studied improved the average positioning accuracy by more than 6.23% in complex environments compared to traditional methods, and also exhibited good adaptability and stability under dynamic conditions. Fully utilizing the advantages of multi-frequency signals and combining advanced data fusion technology is an effective way to improve GNSS positioning performance, providing new ideas and methods for future intelligent navigation applications.
Exploring the Drivers of Workforce Productivity: A Case Study Approach
Authors: Karimi Hengameh , Khawaja Sarwar
Published: January 2025

This study investigates the critical factors affecting employee productivity within a UK-based construction company, aiming to address overlooked elements in prior research, specifically regarding salary expectations. By administering questionnaires to both direct and midlevel employees, this study identifies key productivity drivers and examines managerial and organisational gaps impacting project outcomes. Key findings reveal that truck availability, worker motivation, rework, tools, and machinery significantly influence productivity levels, aligning with similar studies in the UK and the US. Notably, this research fills a gap by highlighting salary expectations as a primary factor affecting employee turnover, a consideration absents in past studies. The study’s conclusions offer insights applicable to international construction projects, promoting cross-context learning and strategic improvements in workforce management.
A Relevância Jurídica do Ministério Público para o Processo de Interpretação de Normas Constitucionais em Favor do Meio Ambiente
Authors: RAMALHO MONFREDINHO VICTOR , Ártico Marcos Giovane
Published: January 2025

The 1988 Federal Constitution established the ecologically balanced environment as a collective right. At this threshold, the Public Prosecutor's Office, as an independent and autonomous body entrusted with the defense of social interests, as is the case with the environment, which affects the community in a broad and irreversible way, should strive to act based on the hermeneutics of constitutional norms relating to environmental protection. In view of this, we investigated the legal relevance of the Public Prosecutor's Office in the process of interpreting constitutional rules relating to the environment. To this end, we carried out a bibliographical study with a qualitative approach and exploratory method, based on a survey of data from books, doctrines, the CNJ's information base and academic works. It was concluded that, in view of the data on environmental crimes in Brazil, the proper constitutional interpretation of environmental protection by the Public Prosecutor's Office tends to provide ideal accountability for offenders and mitigate the vulnerability of Brazilian biomes.
Direito Transnacional e Atuação do Ministério Público
Authors: RAMALHO MONFREDINHO VICTOR
Published: January 2025

The main objective of this article is to analyze the role of the Public Prosecutor's Office in the emergence of transnational law. Transnationality has led to legal repercussions in various areas of the normalization of the law, requiring interventions by the Public Prosecutor's Office in view of the multidisciplinary nature of parquetean competence. The research method used was inductive, based on bibliographical, doctrinal and jurisprudential research, with a view to a qualitative approach. The work was divided into three parts: the concept of transnational law was briefly introduced; then the competence of the Public Prosecutor's Office in the scenario of transnational law was outlined; and finally, the legal areas whose action is most in demand in the context of transnational law were detailed. It emerged that transnationality demands interdisciplinary work from the Public Prosecutor's Office, insofar as, in addition to normative and legal knowledge of the environments covered by transnationalization, dialogue and interdisciplinary cooperation are needed to guarantee the effectiveness of rights and justice at the global level.
"Once a nurse, always a nurse": an interview with Siu King Ho, an alumna of Kiang Wu Nursing College of Macau
Authors: Qi Lu , Mao Aimei
Published: January 2025

The author conducted an interview with Siu King Ho, a former student of Kiang Wu Nursing College of Macau. Although her career in nursing was brief, its influence has lasted a lifetime. The discussion traced Ho's journey through her nursing education and into her short time period in clinical nursing practice. Despite her early departure from the field, Ho maintains a close connection to her nursing network. With fondness, Ho recounted her time at nursing school and her short-lived nursing career, reflecting on the essence of the nursing profession. Ho’s story is a testament to the lasting personal impact of nursing, even when one steps away from the practice.
THE INVESTIGATION AND STUDY OF CRYPTOSPORIDIUM INFECTION IN STRAY DOGS AND EFFICACY OF TREATMENT WITH TRIMETHOPRIM/ SULFADIAZIN AND CLINDAMYCIN IN TABRIZ AND SUBURBS
Authors: Ordoobadi Farzad
Published: January 2025

This study investigated the prevalence of Cryptosporidium in stray dogs in Tabriz city, Iran, and evaluated the efficacy of a combination of Clindamycin and Trimethoperim/ Sulfadiazin for treating Cryptosporidiosis. Faecal samples of 200 stray dogs were examined by Ziehl Neelsen microscopic method and the results showed that 12 (%6) collars showed infection with Cryptosporidium, with 8 collars in female and 4 in male dogs. According to the age of the dogs, 9 dogs under one year (Puppy) and 3 adult dogs over one year old (%1.5) were diagnosed with Cryptosporidium. There was a statistically significant difference in the prevalence of Cryptosporidium between male and female dogs (p<0.05). A treatment course of clindamycin (25 mg/kg/day) and trimethoprim/sulfadiazine (15 mg/kg PO bid for 7 days) was administered and 10 dogs (%83.4) were cured, while 2 dogs showed positive cases. The results suggest that a combination of Clindamycin and Trimethoperim/Sulfadiazin is an effective treatment for Cryptosporidiosis in dogs, but further studies are needed to provide precise pharmacological explanations.
ANALYSIS OF GOOD URBAN GOVERNANCE INDICATORS AND ITS IMPACT ON THE EFFICIENCY AND EFFECTIVENESS OF LOCAL MANAGEMENT WITH A FUTURES STUDIES APPROACH
Authors: Nia Shima Fadavi
Published: January 2025

In this research, the dimensions of desirable urban governance in District 20 of Tehran are evaluated from a futures studies perspective. Key factors and their interconnections have been analyzed and ranked. The study is applied in its purpose and descriptive-analytical in its methodology. By reviewing the literature and extracting the most significant key factors of urban governance using the Delphi technique from 30 experts, factors were assessed based on consensus and certainty, priority, and importance. Key factors and input parameters were identified, resulting in 51 key drivers ready for input into the Micmac software.

The evaluation of the impact and influence of key factors shows that three drivers are ranked first in terms of direct and indirect impact. Out of 237 possible situations, 48.10% show favorable conditions, 29.96% are static, and 21.94% are critical. Additionally, there are nine scenarios with favorable conditions, indicating promising prospects for urban management in the future.