bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Vibrações, Ruído e Hipoacusia: associação fisiopatológica ou não?
Authors: Santos Mónica , Almeida Armando , Lopes Catarina , Oliveira Tiago
Published: January 2021

Introduction / framework / objectives Vibrations and noise are two reasonably prevalent occupational risk factors and, in many situations, present together. If a pathophysiological association between them is real, it will be very relevant to verify this, in order to readjust, if necessary, the vibration and noise limits considered safe. Methodology This is an Scoping Review, initiated by a September 2019 survey of the “Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases, CINALH plus with full text, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Methodology Register, Nursing and Allied Health Collection: Comprehensive, MedicLatina, Academic Search Ultimate, Science Direct, SCOPUS and RCAAP.” Content Some researchers have quantified higher hearing losses in workers simultaneously exposed to noise and vibrations; however, workers exposed to vibration from work instruments are generally also exposed to higher levels of noise. If there is a pathophysiological link between these two occupational risk factors, it is believed that this may be related to the theory of sympathetic vasoconstriction (observed in white-finger syndrome) and may also damage the cochlea, producing ischemic damage to the hair cells. Another hypothesis points out that some work tools may give rise to vibrations that can reach the inner ear directly, through bone conduction (especially at the temporal level). Conclusions Most of the studies consulted did not have a very robust methodology that allows a rigorous evaluation of whether the most intense hypoacusis in individuals simultaneously exposed to vibration results from a true pathophysiological association, or if it is only a statistical bias. It would be interesting for occupational health teams to investigate on clients with workers simultaneously exposed to these two risk factors (and, if possible, with combinations of different intensities), in order to produce knowledge capable of enhancing occupational health and safety.
Descriptive cohort study of Ligation of femoral artery in infected femoral pseudoanurysm in injectable drug abuser
Authors: Chapagain Dinesh , Shrestha Kiran Prasad , Magar Deepak Thapa , Shrestha Kumar Bahadur
Published: January 2021

Background: Infected femoral pseudoanurysm with impending rupture presents most of the time in the late stage in drug abuser with features of sepsis. These cases are managed immediately by exploration with ligation of femoral artery when bypass is not feasible in emergency.

Methods: This is the retrospective descriptive study of 11 years of bir hospital. Datas were collected from the record and subsequent out patient department visits of the cases having femoral infected pseudoanurysm with impending rupture with sepsis of injectable drug abuser. The data collected were patients profile, type of procedure like ligation of femoral artery, bypass like reverse long saphenous graft and synthetic dacron or ptfe graft and complications were also recorded with subsequent. The type of procedure were compared with amputation as final end point. Datas were analysed by SPSS softwear.

Results: We recorded the datas of 45 patients with almost all were male with very few female having mean age of 27.91 years. Twenty two patients had seropositive status and 13 patients had negative. Thirty five patients had ligation of femoral artery,7 patients had interposition synthetic bypass graft and 3 patients had reversed long saphenous vein graft. Nine patients had undergone revision after graft failure as ligation. No complication in 20 cases .Nine cases had rethrombosis with infection, 7 had minor complication and 1 had severe claudication.

Conclusions: In emergency setting, simple ligation of the femoral artery can be both life and limb saving procedure in difficult situation like infection and sepsis.
Allergic proctocolitis causing hematochezia in preterm twins
Authors: Karki Bipin , Verma Varsha , Shrestha Ritesh , Joshi Suchita Shrestha
Published: January 2021

Allergic colitis due to cow’s milk or soy protein in commercially prepared infant formula or due to ingestion of breast-milk of mothers who are ingesting cow’s milk is a known cause of colitis occurring in infants. Allergic colitis can occur within days, weeks or months of birth and should be considered as a differential diagnosis in any infant presenting with hematochezia. Typically, there is a significant delay in the onset of milk allergy in premature infants compared to full term infants. We report a case of premature twin neonates who presented with profuse rectal bleeding during second week of life. The infants had been feeding expressed breast milk since birth and the nursing mother had been drinking cow’s milk. The infants had pneumatosis coli suggestive of inflammation of the colon while biochemical and hematological markers of inflammation were normal. Expressed breast milk was re-introduced after eliminating dairy from mother’s diet for 5 days. The infants were fed on mother’s milk and top up of hydrolyzed infant formula as required. Both the twins remained well.
PENGARUH STATUS PEKERJA TERHADAP KINERJA DENGAN KOMPENSASI SEBAGAI MODERASI (Studi pada PT. INKA)
Authors: Wardoyo Putro Prima Utama , Nanda Risma
Published: January 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah ada perbedaan kinerja karyawan berdasarkan status kerjanya (karyawan tetap dan karyawan tidak tetap). Selain itu penelitian ini juga menguji efek moderasi variabel kompensasi. Penelitian ini dilakukan di PT. INKA Madiun dimana hampir 50% karyawannya atau sekitar 800 orang pegawai berstatus sebagai karyawan tidak tetap. Jumlah sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 320 sampel. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dimana untuk uji hipotesis dilakukan uji t (parsial) dan uji moderasi.  Berdasarkan uji statistik yang telah dilakukan ditemukan hasil bahwa status karyawan berpengaruh negatif terhadap kinerja. Sementara itu kompensasi berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap kinerja. Untuk uji moderasi ditemukan hasil bahwa kompensasi memoderasi hubungan antara status pekerja terhadap kinerja karyawan.
PENGARUH PEMANFAATAN APLIKASI DIGITAL TERHADAP PEMBERDAYAAN UMKM DI KABUPATEN KUTAI TIMUR
Authors: Bustomi Muhamad Yazid , Rohaeni Nani , Aryanto Dhani , Faizal Faizal
Published: January 2021

The objectives of this study were (1) to determine the social, economic, and environmental impacts of MSMEs Partners after using digital applications (2) to identify the effects of the utilization digital applications on the empowerment of MSMEs Partners. The sampling technique used saturated sampling, where all members of the MSMEs partners who had used digital applications in their business were used as samples in this research. The data analysis method was descriptive statistics with SPSS program, and SEM-PLS with the SmartPLS version 3.0 software. The results showed that the highest mean value of descriptive statistics was the economic impact with a value of 3.94 and a standard deviation of 0.70. It stated the utilization of digital applications has an economic impact on MSMEs Partners Community Development Officier PT. KPC. The variables (impact) of the utilization digital applications that have a significant effects on the empowerment of MSMEs Partners are economic impacts and social impacts, while environmental impacts do not have a significant effect on the empowerment of MSMEs Partners. Keywords: Digital Applications, Empowerment MSMEs, Partial Least Square.
Practice on growing of forest containerized seedlings applicable to the greenhouse complexes of the Arkhangelsk region
Authors:   Northern Research Institute of Forestry, Bobushkina S.V. , Senkov, A.O. , Fayzulin D.H.
Published: January 2021

The need to develop and implement innovative forms of reforestation to obtain highly productive tree stands actualize the topic of the article. The purpose of the work is to study and analyze foreign experience and research on the production of softwood containerized planting stock for reforestation and compare it with the practice of greenhouse complexes in the Arkhangelsk region. We used the international bibliographic and abstract database «Scopus», which indexes scientific journals, materials from conferences and publications to search for information. A review of publications has been completed over more than a 20-year period (1999-2019). The world experience study and the results of studies on the cultivation of forest containerized seedlings, in particular, Finland, Sweden, Norway, countries similar in terms of the growth of woody vegetation and the range of tree species to the conditions of the European north of Russia made it possible to highlight current research directions. The treatment of seedlings with a short or long light day; frost resistance of the seedlings; influence of drought, excessive moisture; issues of seedling storage; diseases, pests of seedlings and control of them, as well as problems of selection and seed production; seed quality and their impact on plant growth; influence of cultivation technology and types of planting stock on the effectiveness of planting refers to them. The use of foreign plants for growing ball-rooted planting stock implies a similar technology for the production of forest seedlings in our region. However, climatic features and the availability of various consumables, such as peat, fertilizers, pesticides, etc., necessitate the adaptation of Scandinavian technologies to local conditions and the development of additional techniques. One of the main production tasks is the achievement of standard indicators by seedlings. It is not always possible to achieve the desired results in harsh taiga conditions, therefore it is necessary to use foreign experience in growing ball-rooted planting stock, which allows to increase the production of standard seedlings without compromising their quality. This is a whole range of measures, including work on breeding and seed production, the formation of a plant substrate, lighting, moisture, observing the temperature regime, storage of seedlings, combating diseases and pests, etc., which ultimately are the components of the success of artificial reforestation
El lugar de la cultura en la era del capitalismo cognitivo. Notas para una discusión sobre ciudadanía digital
Authors: Sierra Caballero Francisco , Sola-Morales Salomé
Published: January 2021

La cultura tiene un rol fundamental como motor de cambio social y en los procesos de desarrollo. Ahora bien, en el capitalismo cognitivo, la mercantilización de lo inmaterial restringe la diversidad y el pluralismo, homogeneiza imaginarios y anula tradiciones populares bajo la presión de un mono-discurso hegemónico y totalizador. Los países del sur, las expresiones de las minorías o las prácticas mediáticas alternativas, por ejemplo, quedan silenciadas o desplazadas a un segundo plano, impidiendo el desarrollo de los pobres, los desplazados o los diferentes. No obstante, las Nuevas Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (NTIC’s) ofrecen un nuevo escenario donde la ciudadanía puede incrementar la participación y el empoderamiento local, claves para la salud de la democracia. Y es que el capital informacional que Internet aporta en lo que a participación y cooperación ciudadana se refiere es esencial para el desarrollo y el cambio social. Ahora bien, estos procesos de apropiación de las NTIC’s, por parte de la ciudadanía, están mediados por una serie de ejes de tensión o dialécticas. Para trascender estas dificultades que el entorno digital plantea sobre la democracia es necesario buscar modelos teórico-metodológicos de la mediación compleja que abran espacios públicos y permitan el empoderamiento local de la ciudadanía. En este sentido, se proponen una serie de líneas de actuación para elaborar políticas de comunicación y cultura que contribuyan al desarrollo de una ciudadanía digital activa y participativa.
La visualidad en las nuevas humanidades. Arqueología y régimen escópico
Authors: Navarro Fuentes Carlos Alberto
Published: January 2021

El ensayo propone una aproximación a los estudios sobre la producción de significado cultural a través de la visualidad, subrayando la necesidad de enmarcar e historizar su análisis. Asimismo, incluir la arqueología en sentido foucaultiano, como investigación de los tránsitos del conocimiento, entre el utillaje expandido que el estudio de las prácticas de visualidad demanda, para continuar el análisis arqueológico de las distintas formaciones y regímenes escópicos dominantes de la modernidad al presente. Puesto esto en evidencia completar el trabajo crítico al apuntar posibilidades de transformación de los regímenes escópicos desde las nuevas potencialidades que se plantean en nuestra era.
Verdaderamente se muere, y verdaderamente está cuerdo Alonso Quijano el Bueno. Cervantes comunica al hombre que la imaginación creativa es una fuente de vida
Authors: Fragero Guerra Carmen
Published: January 2021

En estas líneas estudiamos el último capítulo de la II parte del Quijote, que ha sido un episodio controvertido. Analizamos el tema del amor, la muerte, el honor, la cordura y la locura. Concluimos que, aunque hay una condena explícita al género de la caballería, el autor implícito refuerza el valor de las historias imaginadas («cuentos» en palabras de don Quijote), que son no solo necesarias para configurar la novela moderna —y la fama de su autor—, sino para vivir.
Las operaciones de información rusas en el conflicto del este de Ucrania
Authors: Jaspe Nieto Javier
Published: January 2021

La caída de la URSS precipitó un cambio progresivo en las relaciones entre los países que habían formado parte del aparato estatal del gigante euroasiático. La evolución de este proceso, en el marco del espacio post-soviético, se ha encontrado significativamente marcada por la gestión de la información en los escenarios resultantes de los conflictos de interés surgidos a raíz de las disputas territoriales, que emergieron en el nuevo mapa de Europa del Este. La cuestión nacional ucraniana ha sido uno de los capítulos protagonistas de las páginas de Internacional en los medios de comunicación a nivel global. Los hechos que han acontecido en torno a la guerra del Dombás, continúan siendo, hoy en día, un tema recurrente en la prensa. En este contexto, las operaciones de información han resultado un factor de especial relevancia a la hora de influir en el desarrollo de los acontecimientos, para favorecer una determinada agenda política y generar un estado de opinión que permita facilitar los movimientos estratégicos de los actores intervinientes. La Federación de Rusia, como heredera del legado que dejó tras de sí la Unión Soviética, cuenta con numerosos intereses en la región oriental de Ucrania. Frente a su postura, se encuentra la política desplegada desde Kiev en los últimos años, que experimenta un paulatino acercamiento a la Unión Europea y al conjunto de Occidente. El presente trabajo estudia las técnicas de propaganda rusas aplicadas al conflicto ucraniano, el uso de la desinformación como táctica de guerra híbrida y su posible efectividad, de acuerdo con el estatus actual de las autoproclamadas repúblicas de Donetsk y Lugansk.
Desinformación y pandemia. La nueva realidad
Authors: Ruiz Estramil Ivana Belén
Published: January 2021

Reseña de: Desinformacion y pandemia. La nueva realidad. Raúl Magallón Rosa. Madrid: Pirámide, 2020, 151 pp.
Membangun Kemandirian Finansial Pribadi dan Umat
Authors: Arsyianti Laily Dwi , Beik Irfan Syauqi
Published: January 2021

Abstract: Life in the world not only involves compulsory worship but also social relations. Our interest in social relationships is to build a prosperous people in the world and in the Hereafter, as well as our task which has been determined as a vicegerent on earth. This article tries to explain the steps that need to be taken to develop the independence both personally and in the unity of the people, from the financial side. This financial capital which became one person and Muslims widely, to help the robustness of the buildings and the revival of the Ummah. Therefore, in the end we can stand on its own without depending on any party that can control us and may be misleading the people.Keywords: Finance, Independence, Islamic EconomicsAbstrak: Kehidupan di dunia bukan hanya melibatkan ibadah mahdhoh melainkan juga muamalah. Kepentingan kita dalam bermuamalah adalah untuk membangun umat yang sejahtera di dunia dan di akhirat, sebagaimana tugas kita yang telah ditentukan sebagai khalifah di muka bumi. Artikel ini mencoba menjelaskan langkah-langkah yang perlu ditempuh untuk membangun kemandirian baik secara pribadi maupun dalam kesatuan umat, dari sisi finansial. Finansial inilah yang menjadi salah satu modal seorang pribadi dan umat Muslim secara luas, untuk membantu kekokohan bangunan dan kebangkitan umat. Oleh karena itu, pada akhirnya kita dapat berdiri sendiri tanpa tergantung kepada pihak manapun yang dapat mengendalikan kita dan dapat menjerumuskan umat.Kata Kunci: Finansial, Kemandirian, Ekonomi Islam
Identifikasi Potensi Konflik Pra dan Pasca Pendirian Rumah Ibadah Di Indonesia dan Upaya Untuk Mengatasinya (Studi Kasus di Kota dan Kabupaten Bogor)
Authors: Mukri Aji Ahmad
Published: January 2021

Abstract: Religion contains teachings regarding the highest and absolute truth about human existence and the instructions for safe and happy life in this world and hereafter. Religion should not be a factor and moreover a source of conflict trigger, because religion itself appears as a system of beliefs that are in a culture that was born out of the community itself. Besides religion becomes a controller for the actions of the members of society in accordance with the values of culture and religion.Keywords: Religion, Human Existence, ConflictAbstrak: Agama berisikan ajaran-ajaran mengenai kebenaran tertinggi dan mutlak tentang eksistensi manusia dan petunjuk untuk hidup selamat dan bahagia di dunia dan akhirat. Tidak semestinya agama menjadi faktor penyebab dan apalagi menjadi sumber pemicu konflik, karena agama itu sendiri tampil sebagai sebuah sistem keyakinan yang berada dalam kebudayaan yang lahir dari masyarakat itu sendiri, selain agama menjadi pengontrol bagi tindakan anggota masyarakat agar sesuai dengan nilai-nilai kebudayaan dan ajaran agamanya.Kata Kunci: Agama, Eksistensi Manusia, Konflik
Pembagian Harta Waris Dengan Wasiat (Pendekatan Ushul Fiqih)
Authors: Purkon Arip
Published: January 2021

Abstract: In Islamic law, the division of the estate (faraidh) is part of the problem is already clear rules (qat'i al-dilalah). However, there are still a few people who questioned aspects of justice in this faraidh problem. One solution to bridge this is the concept of testament. The division of property by testamentary relatively more flexible than those specified in the science faraidh. However, will still not be separated from the legal rules that have been set Qur'an and Sunnah.Keywords: Waris, Probate, Sunday, MutawatirAbstrak: Dalam hukum Islam, pembagian harta waris (faraidh) merupakan bagian dari masalah yang sudah jelas aturannya (qat’i al-dilalah). Walaupun begitu, masih ada segelintir orang yang mempermasalahkan aspek keadilan dalam masalah faraidh ini. Salah satu solusi untuk menjembatani hal ini adalah adanya konsep wasiat. Pembagian harta berdasarkan wasiat relatif lebih fleksibel daripada yang telah ditentukan dalam ilmu faraidh. Walaupun demikian, wasiat tetap tidak terlepas dari aturan-aturan legal yang telah ditetapkan Alquran dan sunnah.Kata Kunci: Waris, Wasiat, Ahad, Mutawatir
Kepemilikan Individu Menurut Islam
Authors: Zaki Muhammad
Published: January 2021

Abstract: Islam has set the terms of ownership, whether public ownership, the individual and the state. By law, individuals are entitled to have, enjoy, and transfer of wealth, but people also have a moral obligation to spend in his property. Permissibility of individual ownership is an attempt to achieve distributive justice in real terms, and maintaining a balance in economic matters. Ownership system in Islam has many different features and systems of capitalism and communism, because Islam provides a balance between the opposites can be overstated by both the School of Economics. Although Islam gives rights to individuals to possess wealth, but the state has the right to regulate the ownership of individual interventions with the provisions outlined by the Islamic shariah.Keywords: Individual Ownership, Capitalism, SocialismAbstrak: Islam telah mengatur ketentuan kepemilikan, baik kepemilikan umum, individu maupun negara. Secara hukum, individu berhak untuk memiliki, menikmati, dan memindahtangankan kekayaan, akan tetapi individu juga memiliki kewajiban moral untuk menginfakkan hartanya. Kebolehan kepemilikan individu merupakan upaya untuk mencapai keadilan distributif secara riil, dan menjaga keseimbangan dalam masalah ekonomi. Sistem kepemilikan dalam Islam memiliki banyak keistimewaan dan berbeda dengan sistem kapitalisme dan komunisme, karena Islam memberikan keseimbangan antara hal-hal berlawanan yang terlalu dilebih-lebihkan oleh kedua mazhab ekonomi tersebut. Walaupun Islam memberikan hak kepada individu untuk memiliki kekayaan, namun negara memiliki hak intervensi untuk mengatur kepemilikan individu dengan ketentuan-ketentuan yang telah digariskan oleh syari’at Islam.Kata kunci: Kepemilikan Individu, Kapitalisme, Sosialisme
Metodologi Tafsir Ahkam Beberapa Pendekatan dan Aliran Dalam Mengetahui Maqashid Al-Syariah (Studi Perbandingan)
Authors: Wahyuni Afidah
Published: January 2021

Abstract: The perfection of Islam is not the explanation lies in the Qur'an in detail to every problem facing humanity, but on abortion that contain the basic tenets and principal. For if the Qur'an as a major source of Islamic teachings explain in detail to all the problems facing humanity, then Islam will lose relevance with the community dynamics are constantly changing from time to time. Therefore, the verses of the Koran are generally only contain teachings in the form of basic and fundamental, without further explanation about the details and procedures for implementation. Then the Sunnah of the Prophet provide an explanation of the details and procedures for the implementation of the basic teachings.Keywords: Commentary Ahkam, maqashid al-ShariaAbstrak: Kesempurnaan agama Islam bukanlah terletak pada penjelasan Alquran secara rinci terhadap setiap persoalan yang dihadapi umat manusia, melainkan pada kandungannya yang berisi ajaran-ajaran dasar dan pokok. Sebab jika Alquran sebagai sumber utama ajaran Islam menjelaskan secara rinci terhadap seluruh persoalan yang dihadapi umat manusia, maka agama Islam justru akan kehilangan relevansi dengan dinamika masyarakat yang senantiasa mengalami perubahan dari masa ke masa. Karenanya, ayat-ayat Alquran pada umumnya hanya mengandung ajaran dalam bentuk dasar dan pokok, tanpa penjelasan lebih lanjut tentang perincian dan tata cara pelaksanaannya. Kemudian Sunnah Nabi memberikan penjelasan tentang perincian dan tatacara pelaksanaan ajaran pokok tersebut.Kata Kunci: Tafsir Ahkam, Maqashid al-Syariah
Perda Syariah Dalam Otonomi Daerah
Authors: Salamah Ummu , Rianto Reinaldo
Published: January 2021

Abstract: The Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia Year 1945 Article 29, paragraph 1 explains that "the State based on Almighty God". Normative-juridical provision has given legitimacy to the formalization of Islamic law for transformative integrated in the political system and constitutional law in Indonesia. Internalization of Islamic law into the legislation at the local level has opened the scope of the spirit of autonomy granted by the regions both general and specific. This spirit also later brings their initiative to roll Regional Regulation nuances of Islamic law, which of course raises the pros and cons in the community.Keywords: Legislation, Autonomous Region, FormalizationAbstrak: Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945 pasal 29 ayat 1 menjelaskan bahwa “Negara berdasarkan atas Ketuhanan Yang Maha Esa”. Ketentuan normatif-yuridis ini telah memberikan legitimasi bagi formalisasi hukum Islam untuk terintegrasi secara transformatif dalam sistem politik dan hukum ketatanegaraan Indonesia. Internalisasi hukum Islam ke dalam peraturan perundang-undangan di tingkat daerah telah membuka ruang adanya semangat otonomi yang diberikan oleh daerah-daerah baik yang umum dan khusus. Semangat ini pula yang kemudian melahirkan adanya inisiatif untuk menggulirkan Peraturan Daerah bernuansa syariat Islam, yang tentunya menimbulkan pro dan kontra di tengah kalangan masyarakat.Kata Kunci: Perda, Otonomi Daerah, Formalisasi
Anjing Dalam Perspektif Ta’abbudi Versus Ta’aqquli
Authors: Arsadani Qosim
Published: January 2021

Abstract: The dog is an animal that is monumental. Inside a dog pooled nature of good and bad. In history, dogs have a variety of stories. He has been the cause for a person to obtain the grace of Allah, and vice versa it includes animals go to heaven due to accompany a group of youths who maintain faith in moral damages and shirk, as the story Ashhab al-kahfi. On the other side dogs are considered very disgusting, so that objects exposed to lick or touch are considered unclean by contact with unclean weight category (muglalladzah). Therefore, the approach ta'abbudi and Ta'aqquli in seeing the dog was very urgent problem, to obtain a sensible attitude on all sides, so that it can respect differences of opinion caused by the dog.Keywords: ta'abbudi, Ta'aqquli, Unclean MughalladzahAbstraksi: Anjing merupakan hewan yang sangat monumental. Dalam dirinya terhimpun sifat baik dan buruk. Dalam sejarah kehidupannya, anjing mempunyai beragam cerita. Ia pernah menjadi sebab bagi seseorang untuk mendapatkan keridlaan dan rahmat Allah SWT, begitu pun sebaliknya ia termasuk binatang yang masuk surga karena menemani sekelompok pemuda yang mempertahankan keimanan di tengah kerusakan moral dan kesyirikan, sebagaimana cerita ashhab al-kahfi. Di sisi lain anjing dianggap sangat menjijikkan, sehingga benda yang terkena jilatan atau sentuhannya dianggap kena najis dengan katagori najis berat (muglalladzah). Oleh karenanya, pendekatan Ta’abbudi dan Ta’aqquli dalam melihat masalah anjing tadi sangat urgen, agar diperoleh sikap arif dari semua pihak, sehingga bisa saling menghargai perbedaan pendapat yang disebabkan oleh sang anjing.Kata kunci: Ta’abbudi, Ta’aqquli, Najis Mughalladzah
Hukum Poligami Menurut Siti Musdah Mulia
Authors: Yusefri Yusefri
Published: January 2021

Abstrak: Polygamy is one of the classic problems but still warm and real to talk about. Why not, since the issue of polygamy is always controversial so fertile reap the pros and cons in human life, not least among Muslims themselves. Polygamy in Islam that there is even made by the non-Muslim blasphemy and discredit Islam. With reference and postulate on QS al-Nisa; 4 section 3, for about fourteen centuries, the dominant scholarly opinion or thought is was a per-missibility of polygamy in Islam, which says even sunnah done. Thus new thinking began to shift and polygamy sued by the leaders of Islamic reformers, ie in line with the period of resurgent Islam in the 15th century or early twentieth century. According Musdah Mulia, polygamy is lighairihi haram. Cash only legal thought Musdah Mulia protests and strong opposition from the propolygamy group over. This research is not intended to saw and or justify pro or not, but academically will analysis Musdah thought the construction of the methodological framework.Key Words: Polygamy, haram ligahirihi.Abstrak: Poligami merupakan salah satu masalah klasik tapi masih hangat dan nyata untuk dibicarakan. Karena isu poligami selalu kontroversial subur menuai pro dan kontra dalam kehidupan manusia, paling tidak di kalangan umat Islam sendiri. Bahkan Poligami dalam Islam menimbulkan hujatan dari kalangan non-Muslim dan mendiskreditkan Islam. Dengan berdasarkan pada dalil QS al-Nisa: 4 bagian 3, sekitar empat belas abad, opini ilmiah yang dominan atau misi berpikir berpoligami dalam Islam adalah sunnah dilakukan. Hingga akhirnya pemikiran baru muncul dan poligami digugat oleh para pemimpin reformis Islam, yaitu sejalan dengan periode kebangkitan Islam di abad ke-15 atau awal abad kedua puluh. Menurut Musdah Mulia, poligami adalah haram lighairihi. Kontan saja pemikiran hukum Musdah Mulia ini diprotes. Penelitian ini tidak dimaksudkan untuk melihat dan atau membenarkan pro atau tidak, tapi secara akademis akan menganalisis kerangka metodologis dari pemikiran Musdah Mulia.Kata kunci: Poligami, haram ligahirihi.
Akad Salam Dalam Transaksi Jual Beli
Authors: Saprida Saprida
Published: January 2021

Abstract: Bay-u salam is a contract of sale of goods orders between buyers and sellers. Specifications and price of ordered goods to be agreed at the beginning of the contract, while the payment is made in advance in full. Sale and purchase of bay-u salam a sale and purchase agreement is allowed. It is based on the arguments contained in the Koran. Rukun of bay-u salam is the seller and the buyer, there are goods and money, there sighat (lafaz contract). While the terms of buying and selling of bay-u salam according to the consensus of the scholars there are five, namely the type, grade, size and nature of the object of sale and purchase of bay-u salam should be clear, booking period objects and selling bay-u salam should be clear, assuming the capital cost should be known to each parties. Keywords: Purchase, bay-u salam.  Abstrak: Jual beli salam adalah akad jual beli barang pesanan diantara pembeli dengan penjual. Spesifikasi dan harga barang pesanan harus sudah disepakati di awal akad, sedangkan pembayaran dilakukan di muka secara penuh. Jual beli salam merupakan akad jual beli yang diperbolehkan. Hal ini berdasarkan atas dalil-dalil yang terdapat dalam Alquran. Rukun salam adalah penjual dan pembeli, ada barang dan uang, ada sighat  (lafaz akad). Sedangkan syarat jual beli salam menurut kesepakatan para ulama ada lima, yaitu jenis obyek jual beli salam harus jelas, sifat obyek jual beli salam harus jelas, kadar atau ukuran obyek jual beli salam harus jelas, jangka waktu pemesanan objek jual beli salam harus jelas, asumsi modal yang dikeluarkan harus diketahui masing-masing pihak. Kata Kunci: Jual Beli, Salam.
Potensi dan Implementasi Zakat Pertanian di Desa Akeguraci Kecamatan Oba Tengah Kota Tidore Kepulauan
Authors: Killian Nursinita
Published: January 2021

Artikel ini membahas tentang potensi dan implementasi zakat pertanian di desa Akeguraci. Dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui sejauh mana tingkat pemahaman dan pengetahuan masyarakat tentang kewajiban pembayaran zakat secara umum dan zakat pertanian secara khusus. Artikel ini menggunakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif berbasis penelitian lapangan (Field Research), dengan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif dan teknik analisis kualitatif berupa hasil observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat desa Akeguraci baik dalam menghitung zakat maupun membayarkannya masih relatif tergantung kepada tingkat kesadaran dari para petani sendiri. Zakat yang mereka keluarkan seadanya saja dikarenakan pengetahuan tentang zakat pertanian yang masih minim. Petani desa Akeguraci belum mengetahui cara menghitung zakat pertanian sesuai dengan syariat Islam yang mewajibkan adanya kewajiban zakat pada hasil pertanian.
Pertimbangan Halal Thayyib pada Wisata Non Halal di Madura
Authors: Harisah Harisah , Suhaimi R , Mukri Syarifah Gustiawati
Published: January 2021

Artikel ini menyajikan respon masyarakat Madura terhadap wisata yang memiliki potensi ekonomi.  Namun, dianggap tidak memiliki cara yang halal bahkan thayyiban. Pradigma terlahir karena sifat keber-agamaan orang Madura masih sangat kental terutama bagi masyarakat yang masih tradisional. Oleh karena kajian ini menyajikan respond an tindakan masyarakat Madura, maka metode pengujian menggunakan kualitatif dengan teknik wawancara dan observasi terkait beberapa wisata yang rusak karena didemo oleh masyarakat Madura. Penelitian ini menemukan masyarakat Madura sangat agresif terhadap beberapa wisata yang dianggap menimbulkan kemaksiatan, menggunakan promosi yang dianggap melanggar tataran syariah, serta merusak budaya lokal Madura. Hal ini dilakukan dengan pertimbangan bahwa setiap sumber ekonomi harus sejalan dengan konsep halal dan thayyiban.
A study on optimizing the characteristics of lithium-ion battery power source and operating cost for hybrid motorcycle
Authors: Nguyen Van Trang , Nguyen Duy Tan , Phạm Anh Tuấn
Published: January 2021

This study presents a research related to a Plug-in Hybrid Electric Motorcycle (HEM) which renovated from a Honda Lead 110cc with rear wheel is driven by original internal combustion engine and continuously variable transmission, while front wheel is directly-driven by a 48V – 1,000W BLDC Hub-Motor. The research focuses on optimal calculating, designing, prototyping and testing an electric power supply using Lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery pack to replace the lead–acid battery. The simulation and experimental results are able to evaluate the dynamic characteristics and operating cost of HEM. The study has been designed and prototyed a 48V – 33Ah Li-ion battery pack with a Battery Management System (BMS) circuit embeded on the vehicle. The battery pack is 10.84 (kg) weight and 8.11 (l) volume, reduced 30 (kg) and 12.89 liters compared to the lead-acid battery where battery life is greater than 2,000 cycles. In only electric motor mode, the longest distance of the HEM is 78.77 (km) for a half load, only driver, and 65.83 (km) for full load, one driver, and one passenger. Maximum speed is 52.67 (km/h) for a half load and 48.42 (km/h) for full load. In hybrid mode until SOC reduce to 50%, HEM can travel 64.366 (km) for a half load and 54.477 (km) for full load. The fuel consumption in the each case is 2.162 and 2.425 (l/100km), 0.5 liter lower than the original one and 0.3 liter lower than lead-acid battery. The cost of investment in HEM is 56 million VND and the operating cost is 1,106 VND/km, while the original vehicles are 40 million VND and 1,352 (VND/km). For every 1km using hybrid vehicles, 246.88 VND will be saved, after about 3.1 years, it will recoup the spending on investment. At the end of the motorcycle life cycle is about 200,000 km, and 43 million VND will be saved.
On the airport environmental noise monitoring and control system
Authors: Tuân Lê Đình , Trần Tiến Anh , Nguyễn Hải
Published: January 2021

Most major airports use permanent noise and operations monitoring systems to reduce the noise of flight operations in the surrounding community. This paper aims at a technical proposal for a permanent environmental noise monitoring and control system to provide solutions to reduce the noise of flying activities for communities around the airport. Airport noise monitoring is often used to evaluate noise abatement programs and to improve the aircraft's take-off / landing procedures, to minimize the impact of aircraft noise based on altitude, flight path and time of day. Noise monitoring is usually linked to the tracking radar to determine which aircraft is in particular when the noise limit is exceeded and thus provides immediate operational requirements to meet. The airport noise enviromental monitoring and control system is often structured with fixed permanent noise monitoring stations, mobile noise monitoring stations, multi-parameter wheather stations, radar tracks and flights information to automatically evaluate the noise impact due to operation of aircrafts in the surrounds of airport, near and on residential areas. The entire system is operated by a software platform proposed as a cloud configuration available on the internet. The platform provides all the modules required to manage data such as noise and flight information monitoring and control, live data, reports, noise and flight information in public disclosure, complaints management, alarms and warnings, etc.
Nutrigenomics: A New Approach to Feed Formulation
Authors:   Department of Genetics, Breeding and Physiology of Livestock and Poultry, Faculty of Animal Science, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran., Hashemi Seyed Reza , Davoodi Homa ,   Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Science, Golestan University of Medical Science, Gorgan, Iran., Arabiyan Elnaz ,   Department of Genetics, Breeding and Physiology of Livestock and Poultry, Faculty of Animal Science, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.
Published: January 2021

Nutrigenomics is the study of the effect of nutrition on gene expression which discusses how DNA is converted to mRNA and then converted mRNA to protein, and is the basis for understanding the biological activity of edible compounds. Nutritional manipulations and nutritional approaches are key tools to influence the performance and health of organisms. Today, it has been shown that better nutrition of animals selected for further production has a beneficial effect on their function. Despite the importance of this issue in production systems, there are no ways to clearly explain the molecular mechanisms of these changes. This review study aimed to investigate nutrigenomics as a molecular approach to the expression of genes involved in the health and growth of organisms. Searching was conducted in Scopus, PubMed, ScienceDirect, IranMedex, and Google Scholar databases on the studies conducted during 1990-2018 by using the keywords: “nutrigenomics”, “gene expression”, “nutrients”, “food formulation”. Initial stage yielded 120 articles. After excluding conferences papers, 58 remained for the final review. There are a limited number of nutrigenomics studies on the laboratory and farm animals, but it has been confirmed that there is an association between nutrition, genetics, fertility and growth. Therefore, the use of nutrients that can express gene expression in a way that improves the function and efficiency of organisms is essential in feed formulation as a new approach in nutrition.
Effect of Aerobic Exercise With Blood Flow Restriction on Mitochondrial Dynamics Proteins of Human Skeletal Muscles
Authors:   Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran., Aryashakib Ali , Mirzaei Bahman ,   Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran., Saidie Payam ,   Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran.
Published: January 2021

Background: Aerobic exercise with Blood Flow Restriction (BFR) plays an important role in skeletal muscle adaptation; however, the effects of this type of exercise on mitochondrial dynamics proteins are unclear. Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of aerobic exercise with and without BFR on mitochondrial dynamics proteins of human skeletal muscles. Methods: Participants were 5 young men (mean age, 33.4±2.30 years; mean weight, 79.64±10.49 kg; BMI, 26.24±2.27 kg/m2). They performed aerobic exercise with BFR (AE+BFR) and without BFR (AE) in two separate days at five 2-min sessions and 1 min rest between the sessions. Western Blot method was used to measure the protein levels of Mitofusin 2 (MFN2) and Dynamin-Related Protein 1 (DRP1) in skeletal muscles. Findings: AE+BFR (1.02±0.05 vs. 0.77±0.03) and AE (0.65±0.08 vs 0.57±0.03) significantly increased the mean MFN2 protein level compared to the pre-test mean values (P<0.05). AE+BFR (3.54±0.46 and 5.01±0.66) and AE (3.38±0.38 vs. 2.82±0.59) also significantly reduced the mean DRP1 level (P<0.05). Moreover, AE+BFR had greater significant effect on the mean levels of MFN2 (0.24±0.01 vs. 0.08±0.04) and DRP1 (-1.46±0.22 vs. -0.33±0.12) compared to AE (P<0.05). Conclusion: It seems that aerobic exercise with BFR is a strong stimulant for the improvement of skeletal muscle mitochondrial dynamics.
Comparing the Perceptions of Nurses and Patients’ Families About the Expectations of Patients’ Families in Intensive Care Unit
Authors:   School of Nursing and Midwifery, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran., Shahrokhi Akram , Ranjbaran Mahdi ,   School of Health, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran., Zarei Somayeh ,   Student Research Committee, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.
Published: January 2021

Background: Properly identifying the expectations of family members of patients admitted to Intensive Care Units (ICUs) is a necessity for nurses. Objective The present study aimed to determine and compare the expectations of ICU patients’ families according to the perceptions of ICU nurses and family members. Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, 147 families of ICU patients and 137 ICU nurses of hospitals in Qazvin were selected as study samples through a census method. Data were collected using Molter’s Critical Care Family Needs Inventory (CCFNI), and data analysis was performed using the Pearson correlation test, one-way ANOVA and chi-square at a significant level of P<0.05. Findings: The overall score of CCFNI and its subscales for the family members were significantly higher than in the nurses (P<0.001). The degree of importance and prioritization of family expectations were different between patients’ families and nurses. The reason for patient hospitalization had a significant association with the overall score of CCFNI and its subscales. Moreover, the family history of hospitalization showed a significant correlation with the CCFNI subscales of information and proximity (P<0.05). The age and work experience of nurses had a significant association with the CCFNI subscales of information, assurance, and comfort (P<0.05). Conclusion: Family members of ICU patients and nurses have different perceptions of the expectations of patients’ families. Nurses need to consider the expectations of patients’ family members.
Effect of Assertiveness Training on Adaptive and Aggressive Assertiveness in Nurses
Authors:   Department of Critical Care Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Qazvin University of Medical Science, Qazvin, Iran., Shaikhpoor Gila , Mafi Mohamad Hossein ,   Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran., Mafi Maryam ,   Department of Critical Care Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Qazvin University of Medical Science, Qazvin, Iran., Amiri Ali ,   Department of Critical Care Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Qazvin University of Medical Science, Qazvin, Iran., Hosseinigolafshani Seyedeh Zahra ,   Department of Critical Care Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Qazvin University of Medical Science, Qazvin, Iran.
Published: January 2021

Background: Assertiveness is one of the most important skills needed by nurses to reduce interpersonal conflict and build an effective teamwork in complex hospital environments. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of an assertiveness training program on nurses’ aggressive and adaptive assertiveness. Methods: In this interventional study, participants were 64 nurses working in hospitals of Abhar city in Iran, randomly divided into two groups of intervention (n=32) and control (n=32). Assertive training program was presented as a two-day training workshop (10 hours) to the intervention group, while the control group received no training. Thompson and Burnham’s Adaptive and Aggressive Assertiveness Scale were completed by the participants in both groups at baseline, immediately, one and three months after the intervention. After collecting the data, Friedman, Mann–Whitney, Chi-squared, and Fisher tests were used for their analysis. Findings: The mean of adaptive assertiveness score was significantly different between the the two groups immediately (P=0.002) and 1 month after the intervention (P=0.025). The aggressive assertiveness scores were not significantly different immediately, 1 and 3 months after the intervention (P>0.05), but the results of Friedman test showed a statistically significant decrease in the aggressive assertiveness scores compared to its baseline score (P=0.002). Conclusion: The assertiveness training program increased adaptive assertiveness and decreased aggressive assertiveness in nurses. Relevant authorities can design continuous and useful assertiveness training programs to promot this valuable skill in nurses.
Mindfulness and Its Predictors in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors:   Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, Nursing Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Moghaddam Roghayeh Arbabi , Hasanpoor-Azghady Seyedeh Batool ,   Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, Nursing Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Amiri Farahani Leila ,   Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, Nursing Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Haghani Shima ,   Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, Nursing Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Published: January 2021

Background: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age which can cause many problems such as hyperandrogenic symptoms and fertility problems. Objective: The present study aimed to determine the relationship of mindfulness with hyperandrogenic symptoms and demographic and fertility factors in women with PCOS. Methods: This descriptive correlational study was conducted on 181 women with PCOS referred to Firoozabadi and Firoozgar hospitals in Tehran, Iran who were selected using a continuous sampling method and based on inclusion criteria from June 2018 to August 2019. Data were collected using a demographic/fertility form, the modified Ferriman-Gallwey Scale, Ludwig Hair Loss Scale, and Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS). Data were analyzed using independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis test, Pearson correlation test, and multiple linear regression analysis. Findings: The mean MAAS score of women was 68.61±9.88 and was significantly correlated with age (P=0.01), wife’s education (P=0.001), wife’s occupation (P=0.005), economic status (P=0.02), husband satisfaction with wife’s body and appearance (P=0.02), body mass index (P=0.01), and duration of marriage (P<0.001). According to the multiple linear regression model, the duration of marriage could predict 22% of the variance in overall MAAS score. Conclusion: Mindfulness is associated with some demographic variables, among which the marriage is its predictor. It is recommended to pay attention to the reported variables in preparation of counseling or educational programs, along with other treatments, for women with PCOS.