bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Emisi Co2 pada Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit di Lahan Gambut yang Telah Mengalami Pemupukan
Authors:   Program Studi Agroteknologi, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Tanjungpura, Stephanie Meilany Chantique , Gusmayanti Evi ,   Program Studi Magister Ilmu Lingkungan, Universitas Tanjungpura, Pramulya Muhammad ,   Program Studi D3 Perkebunan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Tanjungpura
Published: February 2022

Tanaman kelapa sawit adalah salah satu komoditas yang banyak dikembangkan di lahan gambut saat ini. Kegiatan budidaya kelapa sawit ini mengubah kondisi alamiah gambut yang selalu tergenang menjadi relatif lebih kering. Selain itu, budidaya kelapa sawit memerlukan pemupukan untuk memperbaiki status hara lahan gambut agar dapat menunjang pertumbuhan tanaman secara optimal. Sisi lingkungan, aktivitas budidaya tersebut dapat mempengaruhi laju dekomposisi bahan organik gambut yang selanjutnya menentukan laju emisi CO2 yang dilepaskan ke atmosfer. Emisi CO2 yang diakibatkan oleh fluktuasi muka air tanah sudah banyak dilaporkan, namun data emisi CO2 sebagai dampak pemupukan belum banyak tersedia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur emisi CO2 pada lahan gambut yang telah dipupuk menggunakan pupuk hayati dan pupuk NPK. Penelitian dilaksanakan di salah satu perkebunan swasta di Kabupaten Kubu Raya, Kalimantan Barat selama dua bulan, Oktober sampai November 2020. Pengukuran emisi CO2 dilakukan dengan metode sungkup tertutup, dengan sensor Vaisala GMP343, dan dilakukan setiap minggu. Bersamaan dengan pengukuran emisi CO2 juga dilakukan pengukuran variabel lingkungan dan beberapa sifat gambut. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan emisi CO2 pada lahan kelapa sawit yang telah dipupuk berkisar antara 50-110 ton CO2 ha-1 . Ada kecenderungan peningkatan emisi CO2 pada minggu pertama setelah pemupukan NPK, namun peningkatan ini tidak signifikan.
Energy Drinks: Cardiovascular Complications
Authors:   McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) Houston, TX, USA, JP Higgins , AV Jogimahanti ,   McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) Houston, TX, USA
Published: February 2022

Energy Drinks (EDs) are gaining popularity every year with a broad consumer base including athletes, amateur competitors, and office workers trying to avoid afternoon fatigue. Evidence suggests an association between ED consumption and adverse effects, especially in at-risk populations including those of young age, the caffeine-nai¨ve/sensitive, women, competitive athletes, and those with underlying cardiovascular disease. This paper summarizes the cardiovascular complications associated with ED use and provides suggestions on the consumption of these drinks in various populations.
Inhibitory Prodrug Approach for Selective Elimination of Immunosuppressive M2 Macrophages
Authors: van Dalen Floris Jacco , Verdoes Martijn
Published: February 2022

Tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) support tumor development and have emerged as important regulators of therapeutic response to cytostatic agents. To target TAMs, we have developed a novel drug delivery approach which induces drug release in response to inhibition of pro-tumor cysteine cathepsin activity. Such inhibitory prodrug (IPD) establishes a self-regulated delivery system where drug release stops after all cysteine cathepsins are inhibited. This could improve the therapeutic window for drugs with severe side effects. We demonstrate this self-regulation concept with a fluorogenic IPD model. We have applied our IPD strategy to two cytotoxic agents, doxorubicin and monomethyl auristatin E, which could be efficiently released from the IPD scaffold to induce concentration dependent toxicity in RAW macrophages. Lastly, by taking advantage of the increased cathepsin activity in TAM-like M2 polarized bone marrow derived macrophages, we show that IPD Dox selectively eliminates M2 over M1 macrophages. This demonstrates the potential of our IPD strategy for selective drug delivery and modulation of the tumor microenvironment.
Autoinducer-Fluorophore Conjugates Enable FRET in LuxR Proteins in Vitro and in Cells
Authors: Styles Matthew , Boursier Michelle , McEwan Margaret , Santa Emma , Mattmann Margrith , Slinger Betty , Blackwell Helen
Published: February 2022

Cell-to-cell signaling, or quorum sensing (QS), in Gram-negative bacteria is governed by small molecule signals (N-acyl L-homoserine lactones, AHLs) and their cognate intracellular receptors (LuxR-type proteins). The mechanistic underpinnings of QS in these bacteria are severely limited due to the challenges of isolating and manipulating most LuxR-type proteins. Quantitative assays to characterize the direct binding of ligands to these receptors are largely non-existent. We report herein a Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) assay that leverages (i) conserved endogenous tryptophans located in the LuxR-type protein ligand-binding site and synthetic fluorophore-AHL conjugates, and (ii) isolation/stabilization of the proteins bound to weak agonists. The FRET assay permits straightforward measurement of ligand-binding affinities with receptor—either in vitro or in cells—and was shown to be compatible with six LuxR-type receptors. These methods will advance fundamental investigations of the mechanisms of LuxR-type proteins and the development of small molecule modulators of QS.
CULTURAL TRAUMA AND THE CONTEMPORARY WORLD
Authors: Костров Геннадий Леонидович
Published: February 2022

Статья посвящена проблеме формирования культурной травмы в эпоху постмодерна. Дан анализ трудностей, возникающих при таком формировании: исчезновение сакрального, разрушение метанарративов, традиционного социального пространства и времени, привычных моральным норм, недоверие к нормативному Разуму, рост индивидуализма и эгоцентризма, хаоса и неопределенности, отсутствие прочных связей между поколениями, чувства вины и ответственности за деяния предков, стремление жить «здесь и сейчас» и пр. Выявлены особенности функционирования нарративного фетишизма в современной России, выражающегося в борьбе с «фальсификациями истории».

The article is aimed at the analysis of the problem of the formation of cultural trauma in the postmodern era. Uncovering the essence of cultural trauma formation, its main properties are studied: the disappearance of the sacred, the destruction of metanarratives, traditional social space and time, habitual moral norms, distrust of normative Reason, the growth of individualism and egocentrism, chaos and uncertainty, the lack of strong ties between generations, feelings of guilt and responsibility for the deeds of ancestors, the desire to live «here and now», etc. The peculiarities of the functioning of narrative fetishism in contemporary Russia, expressed in the fight against «falsifications of history», are revealed.
POLITICAL REPRESENTATION AND REPRESENTATION POLICIES IN PUBLIC ONLINE NETWORK DISCOURSE (BASED ON THE MATERIALS OF THE NETWORK RESOURCES OF YOUNG DEPUTIES OF REGIONAL PARLIAMENTS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION): SOCIO-PHILOSOPHICAL ANALYSIS
Authors: Козлова Наталия Николаевна , Рассадин Сергей Валентинович
Published: February 2022

Анализируется политическая репрезентация и политики репрезентации в публичном сетевом онлайн-дискурсе в контексте функционирования представительной демократии. Выявляются две позиции в понимании политического представительства - классический и постмодернистский. Источником исследования являются материалы сетевых ресурсов молодых депутатов региональных легислатур РФ (ВКонтакте, Facebook, Instagram) 2016-2021 гг. Авторы пришли к выводу, что политическая репрезентация является одним из существенных элементов конструирования политической коммуникации между депутатами и избирателями, в основе которых лежит договорной характер. В процессе анализа были выявлены индивидуальные, коллективные, институциональные типы политического представительства. В рамках политической репрезентации политиков эксплицируются гендерная, региональная, национальная, религиозная специфики. Авторы отмечают, что политическая репрезентация молодых депутатов в сетевом онлайн-пространстве актуализирует политическое представительство и интенсифицирует связи между депутатами и избирателями, расширяя поле таких демократических практик, как коммуникации, делиберации, партиципации.

The article analyzes political representation and representation policies in the public online network discourse in the context of the functioning of representative democracy. Two positions in the understanding of political representation are revealed - classical and postmodern. Facebook Instagram, VKontakte, Instagram, 2016-2021, the source of the research is the materials of the network resources of young deputies of the regional legislatures of the Russian Federation. The authors came to the conclusion that political representation is one of the essential elements of the construction of political communication between deputies and voters, which are based on a contractual nature. In the course of the analysis, individual, collective, and institutional types of political representation were identified. Within the framework of the political representation of politicians, gender, regional, national, and religious specifics are explicated. The authors note that the political representation of young deputies in the online network space actualizes political representation and intensifies ties between deputies and voters, expanding the field of such democratic practices as communication, de liberation, and participation.
ETV2 regulates PARP-1 binding protein to induce ER stress–mediated death in tuberin-deficient cells
Authors: Shrestha Shikshya , Lamattina Anthony , Pacheco-Rodriguez Gustavo , Ng Julie , Liu Xiaoli , Sonawane Abhijeet , Imani Jewel , Qiu Weiliang , Kosmas Kosmas , Louis Pierce , Hentschel Anne , Steagall Wendy K , Onishi Rieko , Christou Helen , Henske Elizabeth P , Glass Kimberly , Perrella Mark A , Moss Joel , Tantisira Kelan , El-Chemaly Souheil
Published: February 2022

Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a rare progressive disease, characterized by mutations in the tuberous sclerosis complex genes (TSC1 or TSC2) and hyperactivation of mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1). Here, we report that E26 transformation–specific (ETS) variant transcription factor 2 (ETV2) is a critical regulator of Tsc2-deficient cell survival. ETV2 nuclear localization in Tsc2-deficient cells is mTORC1-independent and is enhanced by spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) inhibition. In the nucleus, ETV2 transcriptionally regulates poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 binding protein (PARPBP) mRNA and protein expression, partially reversing the observed down-regulation of PARPBP expression induced by mTORC1 blockade during treatment with both Syk and mTORC1 inhibitors. In addition, silencing Etv2 or Parpbp in Tsc2-deficient cells induced ER stress and increased cell death in vitro and in vivo. We also found ETV2 expression in human cells with loss of heterozygosity for TSC2, lending support to the translational relevance of our findings. In conclusion, we report a novel ETV2 signaling axis unique to Syk inhibition that promotes a cytocidal response in Tsc2-deficient cells and therefore maybe a potential alternative therapeutic target in LAM.
Building Attendance Application with Location Based Service Technology and Waterfall Method to Overcome Long Attendance Queues and Reduce the Risk of Exposure to Covid-19
Authors: Fajrianto Rendi , Tarigan Masmur
Published: February 2022

Employee attendance using finger print attendance device, is not efficient enough for PT. Modern Gravure Indonesia, because it will result in long queues. In addition, attendance using a finger print attendance device can increase the risk of contracting COVID-19 disease, because there is physical contact. So a mobile-based application is needed in order to anticipate long attendance queues and avoid the risk of being exposed to COVID-19. This application provides an attendance feature with location validation using LBS technology. If the employee is already in the office area or less than 500 meters from the office coordinates, then he or she can take attendance, so the employee cannot commit fraud. This application can also display monthly reports that are used for integration with the PT. Modern Gravure Indonesia. The method used to build this application is Waterfall and UML diagram modeling. This application will be built using the Flutter framework. And for the server side it will be built using the Laravel framework. With this application, it is expected to be able to overcome long attendance queues and reduce the risk of being exposed to Covid-19 at PT. Modern Gravure Indonesia.
Wisata Religi Berbasis Kearifan Lokal dan Pemberdayaan Ekonomi Masyarakat Adat Kampung Dukuh
Authors: Rohaeni Ai Juju , Emilda Nia
Published: February 2022

Wisata religi merupakan aktivitas perjalanan atau kunjungan yang dilakukan untuk menambahwawasan keagamaan. Salah satu wisata religi yang biasa dilakukan oleh masyarakat Indonesiaadalah ziarah. Ziarah dilakukan sebagai penghormatan kepada yang dianggap mempunyaikelebihan ilmu, terutama ilmu agama, menjadi panutan, atau mengabdikan dirinya untukbangsa dan negara selama hidupnya. Ziarah juga dilakukan ke situs atau tempat yang dianggapsakral. Kampung Adat Dukuh banyak dikunjungi wisatawan untuk melihat keunikan jugamelaksanakan ziarah ke Makom Syekh Abdul Jalil, orang yang pertama menemukan danmemberi nama kampung Dukuh dan juga ulama yang ikut menyebarkan agama Islam diJawa Barat. Wisata religi ini ternyata tidak hanya berdampak pada bertambahnya wawasankeagamaan dan keilmuan, tetapi juga memiliki dampak positif bagi pemberdayaan ekonomimasyarakat setempat. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metodedeskriptif. Hasil penelitian menggambarkan secara komprehensif tentang aktifitas wisatareligi serta dampaknya terhadap pemberdayaan ekonomi masyarakat Kampung Adat DukuhKecamatan Cikelet Kabupaten Garut.Kata Kunci: Wisata Religi, Kearifan Lokal, Pemberdayaan Ekonomi, Masyarakat kampungAdat Dukuh
Salud económica y humana en el Ecuador
Authors: Palacios Bernal María Alexandra , Herrera Vinelli Irena Pamela , Peralta Beltrán Álvaro Raúl
Published: February 2022

El contenido del documento detalla la afectación de la pandemia del Covid-19 y la caída de los precios del petróleo en el comportamiento macroeconómico del Ecuador. La caída de la producción de las ramas de actividad económica se evidencia algunos años atrás de la actual crisis ocasionada por la emergencia sanitaria presente en el Ecuador a partir de marzo de 2020. El Banco Central del Ecuador, BCE prevé para los años 2021 y 2022 un incremento del Producto Interno Bruto, PIB en el orden de 3,5% y 2,5 % respectivamente. La pandemia ha impulsado aceleradamente grandes cambios y el desarrollo de las tecnologías, así como la adopción de nuevas formas de trabajo y aprendizaje. El tejido empresarial a nivel nacional cobra importancia al ser clave para la reactivación económica.
Profil Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif dalam Menyelesaikan Soal HOTS Ditinjau dari Kemampuan Koneksi Matematis Sedang
Authors: Septiani Pipit Eka , Sugiyanti Sugiyanti , Rubowo Maya Rini
Published: February 2022

Kemampuan berpikir kreatif merupakan faktor penting bagi peserta didik Indonesia saat ini. Kemampuan berpikir kreatif ini dibutuhkan pada pendidikan abad 21 yang menuntut peserta didik untuk berkarya sehingga dapat menentukan kemajuan Indonesia. Pendidikan abad 21 diterapkan dengan menerapkan kurikulum 2013 berbasis HOTS, namun peserta didik maish kesulitan dalam mengikutinya. Hal ini disebabkan rendahnya kemampuan berpikir tinggi peserta didik Indonesia yang ditunjukkan dalam PISA serta kurangnya kemampuan koneksi matematis siswa yaitu sebagai kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematika. kurangnya kemampuan koneksi matematika akan memperngaruhi kemampuan berpikir kreatif peserta didik. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif deskriptif, dengan teknik pengumpulan data tes tertulis dan wawancara, serta menggunakan 4 tahap analisis data yaitu pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, dan kesimpulan, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan teknik keabsahan data yaitu dengan triangulasi sumber. Dalam artikel ini ditunjukkan kemampuan berpikir kreatif dalam kemampuan koneksi matematis sedang. Subjek dengan kemampuan koneksi sedang ini memenuhi indikator berpikir kreatif kelancaran dan fleksibilitas yang ditunjukkan oleh hasil tes tertulis subjek dan wawancara mendalam subjek.
Pengembangan Media Berbasis Android dengan Fitur Augemented Reality Menggunakan Pendekatan Etnomatematika Materi Bangun Ruang Sisi Datar Di SMP
Authors: Fauzi Anwar , Buchori Achmad , Wulandari Dewi
Published: February 2022

Pemanfaatan teknologi android dalam bidang pendidikan dimana  selama ini hanya dimanfaatkan sebagai sarana komunikasi, atau sekedar hiburan. Oleh karenanya peneliti melakukan peneltian yang bertujuan mengembangkan media pembelajaran berbasis android menggunakan Augmented Reality dengan pendekatan etnomatematika pada materi bangun ruang sisi datar yang layak digunakan dan mengetahui hasil belajar siswa. Metode yang digunakan yaitu Prosedural yang terdiri dari 7 tahap yaitu Potensi Masalah, Pengungumpulan Data, Desain Produk, Revisi Produk, Ujicoba Produk, Revisi Produk. Analisis data dilakukan dengan uji normalitas, homogenenitas, uji t dan uji ketuntasan belajar. Hasil dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa (1) presentase validasi ahli media sebesar 86,67%, ahli materi 71,4% dan ahli desain pembelajaran 80% dengan kriteria masing-masing baik. (2) hasil uji kepraktisan berdasarkan respon siswa diperoleh presentase sebesar 89,06 % dengan kategori sangat baik. (3) data dari lapangan menunjukan bahwa hasil belajar siswa yang memperoleh media pembelajaran berbasis android menggunakan Augmented Reality dengan pendekatan etnomatmatika lebih baik di banding dengan siswa yang menggunakan pembelajaran dengan metode ceramah (pembelajaran konvensional).
CONCEPTUALLY ABOUT THE HISTORY AND THEOLOGY OF HEALTH PRINCIPLES OF THE CHURCH OF SEVENTH DAY ADVENTISTS
Authors: Kuryliak Valentyna
Published: February 2022

The study examines the history of the development and formation of theology and practice of healthy lifestyles of members of the Seventh-day Adventist Church. The historical background of the emergence and development of the doctrine of health among Adventists is presented. Conceptually substantiated the theology of a healthy lifestyle for members of the Seventh-day Adventist Church. The concept of a holistic approach of Adventists in maintaining health is analyzed. It is proved that at the beginning of the emergence of the doctrine of health, Adventists placed greater emphasis on the practical component of the embodiment of the principles of health, namely: not smoking, drinking alcohol, chewing tobacco, unhealthy food, and the like. It is emphasized that in the process of development, Adventists gradually called for giving up the use of coffee, tea, tobacco, etc., justifying this by the fact that maintaining physical health forms good spiritual health, which in turn is the basis for building strong relationships with the Creator. The health reform proposed by Adventists dealt with various aspects of human life: proper nutrition, adequate intake of clean water, a balanced work and rest regimen, the need for physical exercise, exposure to fresh air and sunlight. It has been established that among Adventists there are those who eat meat and vegetarians, but both groups refrain from eating the meat of unclean animals named in the Bible. The understanding of the division into clean and unclean food did not come immediately to Adventists. At first, representatives of this church began to abandon the use of pork for food. This was argued only by the harmfulness to the health of the meat of these animals, but over time – this aspect was argumed by the indications from the book of Leviticus. Therefore, only at the beginning of the twentieth century came the realization of the need to observe the division into clean and unclean animals. The practice of early Adventists' refusal to drink tea, coffee and tobacco is described quite fully. It is indicated that Ellen White publicly, as well as in her writings, advocated complete abstinence from alcohol. The holistic approach of Adventists in the practice of health principles is presented.Keywords: history of doctrine, health theology, Seventh-day Adventists.
MOTIVATION OF CANDIDATES FOR FOSTER CARERS AS A FACTOR IN THE SUCCESSFUL CREATION OF A FOSTER CARER'S FAMILY
Authors: Pietushkova Larysa
Published: February 2022

The introduction of the foster care service in Ukraine is conditioned by the priorities defined in the legislation of raising a child in a safe family environment, the creation of support services for families with children in the community. For the effectiveness of the provision of foster care services, it is important to conduct an initial selection of candidates for foster carers, to study their motivation.The goal of this article is to study the features and justification of the role of motivation of candidates for foster carers in the process of creating a family of foster carers. Theoretical (analysis of the literature to determine the starting points of the study) and empirical methods (questionnaires, surveys, standardized interviews) were used to solve the tasks.On the basis of researches by scientists and practitioners the peculiarities of motivation of surrogate families and classification of motives are determined. A study of the motivation of candidates for foster carers and members of their families has been conducted, identified the most common fears of candidates that affect their motivation, identified levels of formation of professionally significant motives.Keywords: selection of candidates for foster carers, motivation, foster care service, foster carer, fears.
Formulasi Model Kepemimpinan Selama Pandemi Covid-19 Pada Pimpinan Bank Mandiri Region Bandung Sebagai Upaya Menjaga Profitabilitas Perusahaan
Authors: Riyanto Riyanto , Febrian Erie , Sihotang John
Published: February 2022

This study aims to formulate a model of leadership in a strategic management framework referring to the leadership model literature in times of crisis with the results of deep interviews with top leaders in the region. This study uses a qualitative descriptive research approach where this research is a research method that utilizes qualitative data and is described descriptively. The type of research used is descriptive qualitative. The source of data in this study is primary data obtained by conducting questionnaire research in order to become the results and conclusions of the study. Using purposive sampling method. Samples were taken as many as 150 branches with the priority of the above criteria. In this study, it was found that the results of deep interviews and FGDs outline the strategy carried out during the pandemic is a survival strategy or profit strategy where companies seek to find sources of income that can still experience growth such as transactional digital transactions, e-commerce, investment transactions. and minimize the formation of costs arising from the decline in credit quality.
Bioecological characteristics and importance of feed in xerophyts in the memorial desert plant of the Caspian coast
Authors: Huseynova Humira Zafar
Published: February 2022

In order to effectively use the natural ecosystem, the phytocenological structure of the region's vegetation was studied by conducting geobotanical research on the Caspian coast (in the territory of the Republic of Azerbaijan). Taxonomy and ecological-geobotanical map have been compiled. Morphological and ecological features of the species dominating the desert and semi-desert plant groups of the area were studied, as well as their phytocenological classification was developed at the level of type, formation and associations.

The modern phytocenological classification of the studied vegetation not only protects the biodiversity of the area, but also provides a basis for its efficient use and protection. Taking into account the relief of the area and the diversity of soil and climatic conditions, it was determined by the phytocenological classification of vegetation that phytocenoses belonging to semi-desert, halophytic and psammophytic desert types are widespread in the vegetation of the Caspian coast.

A new classification of Caspian coastal vegetation has been prepared with reference to our research and studies. According to this guideline and methodology, the classification of desert and semi-desert vegetation is based on eco-phytocenological principles, provided that the life forms of dominant and subdominant species, as well as the systematic taxonomic formations are named according to species and genera, as reflected in the descriptions recorded during field research.

Thus, based on our geobotanical research and chamber studies, the modern classification of vegetation of the Caspian coast revealed that the plant species belonging to xerophytes in the natural phytocenoses of the area are Chenopodiaceae Vent., Asteraceae Dumort. and Poaceae Barnhart. are represented in the chapter.
Ecologization of grain production technology in crop rotations of the droughty steppe of the Lower Volga region
Authors: Azizov Zakiulla Mtiullovich , Arkhipov Vladimir Viktorovich , Imashev Ildar Garifullovich
Published: February 2022

The analysis of the influence of species and the fullness of crop rotations on the ecologization of grain production is given. The most ecologically  clean crop rotation is a 2-field grain-fallow: a fallow of black winter wheat. Its productivity and efficiency are slightly inferior to crop rotations, where, in addition to winter wheat, there are spring early and late grain crops. The role of black fallow as a method of preserving moisture, accumulating nutrients, and cleaning the soil from weeds, pathogens, and pests is revealed. The role of black fallow as a method of preserving moisture, accumulating food elements, cleansing the soil from weeds, pathogens diseases and vermins is revealed. It has been established that the advantage of the fallow predecessor in increasing the productivity and technological properties of winter wheat grain in different types of crop rotations is due to the optimization of the elements of soil fertility and the phytosanitary state of agrophytocenosis. Reducing the length of rotation of grain-fallow crop rotations to two or three fields can significantly reduce weediness of crops and abandon the use of herbicides. An increase in the specific gravity weight of black fallow in crop rotations up to 25% makes it possible to increase its efficiency in clearing fields from weeds of the first two fields, reducing the volume of herbicide application by 75%. Thanks to 2, 3-field grain-fallow crop rotations, it is possible to obtain products without the use of mineral fertilizers, chemical plant protection agents, especially against weeds, thereby improving the ecological situation of the environment.
The influence of the protectant and mineral fertilizers on the contamination of crops and the disease infestation of hemp sowing plants
Authors: Pluzhnikova Irina Ivanovna , Kriushin Nikolay Viktorovich , Bakulova Irina Vladimirovna
Published: February 2022

The research was conducted during 2017-2020 at the experimental field of the Federal Research Center for Bast Fiber Crops the Penza region. The results of laboratory and field experiments to determine the effectiveness of seed treatment with TMTD, VSK and Izagri Force fertilizer, as well as spraying with Izagri Phosphorus fertilizer of plants of monoecious hemp of the Nadezhda variety are shown. The studied factors influenced the seed contamination and the prevalence of root rot, and later on the infestation of crops and the intensity of leaf spot development. Seed treatment with TMTD, VSK (5.0 and 2.5 l/t) suppressed 95.3 and 85.5 % of seed infection, reduced the prevalence of root rot by 4.2 and 1.8 %, and the intensity of leaf spot development by 1.3 and 0.6 % compared to the control. A significant effect of the studied factor on the reduction of the air-dry mass of weeds in the phase of 6-7 pairs of leaves was proved by 31.9 and 26.4  % compared to the control. When using Izagri Force fertilizer for seed treatment (1.0 and 0.5 l / t), the biological efficiency of etching was 47.2 and 37.0 %. The prevalence of root rot decreased by 1.8 and 5.4 %, respectively, and the intensity of leaf blotches decreased by 1.6 and 1.1 % compared to the control. The application of the fertilizer allowed to reduce the air-dry mass of weeds in the phase of mass maturation of hemp seeds by 4.8 and 6.5 % compared to the control. Foliar top dressing with Izagri Phosphorus fertilizer for plant vegetation (3.0 l / ha) provided a reduction in the air-dry mass of weeds on average during the growing season by 17.4 % compared to untreated plants. The combination of all the studied factors when using TMTD, VSK and Izagri Force preparations in the consumption rates of 5.0 and 1.0 l / t against the background of foliar top dressing led to the suppression of weed vegetation, respectively, by 48.1 %.
Efficiency of fertilizers based on humic acids in watermelon cultivation on irrigated dark chestnut soils of Zavolzhye
Authors: Victor Vasilievich  , Pron’ko Nina Anatolievna , Korsakov Konstantin Vyacheslavovcih
Published: February 2022

There was studied the effect of humic fertilizers on the productivity of watermelon F1 Karistan in Saratov Zavolzhye on irrigated dark chestnut soils in 2018-2019. The watermelon was cultivated using a plastic cover as well. Crops were treated three times during the growing season with aqueous solutions of products based on humic acids. The highest and most stable yield gains within the framework of the research (8.8 t / ha on average for three years) were obtained after the first treatment of crops with a solution of Reasil micro Hydro Mix with two treatment of Reasil Forte Carb-N-Humic. The gains in yield were obtained by increasing the number of fruit per plant and per unit area, as well as increasing the average weight of one fruit both at the first and second harvests. Humic fertilizers also positively affected the content of the sum of sugars and vitamin C in fruit. The content of nitrates was 2-3 times lower than the maximum permissible concentrations during all the years of research.
Assessment and forecast of the humus state of irrigated dark chestnut soils in the Trans-Volga region
Authors: Yanyuk Vyacheslav Mikhailovich , Romanova Lyubov Gennadievna , Tarasenko Petr Vladimirovich
Published: February 2022

One of the problematic aspects of the fertility reproduction of irrigated soils is the lack of verified models and parameters necessary to predict the humus state. The formation of the balance of organic matter in irrigated soils is largely predetermined not only by the specificity of ecological and landscape factors of soil formation, but also by the conditions of economic use: the composition of the crop rotation, the level of production intensification, which determines the productivity of crops, ways of using by-products (grain straw) and doses of organic fertilizers. Based on the results of 18 years of observations in the production experience of the fertility parameters of dark chestnut soils, the balance linear-kinetic model of the humus state was verified. The author's approach to forecasting the humus balance of the arable layer of soils is proposed to assess the effect of the structure and productivity of the crop rotation of irrigated arable land. A quantitative assessment of dehumification processes of irrigated soils is given, due to changes in the structure of the use of arable land, where vegetable crops are  predominant.
Construction of a mathematical model of fertilizer application in agricultural fields in precision agriculture
Authors: Asadov Hikmet  Hamid ogly , Mahmudova Valida Khankiski  gyzy
Published: February 2022

The article is devoted to the development of a mathematical model of fertilization in heterogeneous plant fields in precision farming. The problem of the optimal introduction of fertilizers containing nutrients into agricultural fields has been compiled and solved. An agricultural enterprise is considered that contains various land plots in its assets, where the initial amount of nutrients in the fields throughout the enterprise is an ordered set, the elements of which grow from minimum to maximum. An optimal type of functional dependence of the additionally introduced amount of nutrients on the amount of initially having the same substances in the fields was obtained, at which the maximum efficiency of the production of plant products in heterogeneous fields can be achieved.
Influence of sowing date and variety features of winter rye plants on photosynthetic indicators
Authors: Ponomareva Mira Leonidovna , Ponomarev Sergey Nikolaevich , Mannapova Gulnaz Suleimanovna , Gilmullina Liliya Firdavisovna , Ilalova Lyubov Valentinovna , Garaeva Nazlygul Shamsutdinova , Gainutdinova Elza Ravilevna
Published: February 2022

The concentration of pigments and chlorophyll potential in the tissues of various organs of three varieties of winter rye during plant ontogenesis were studied. New varieties of winter rye Radon, Podarok and Zilant were sown in 3 data with an interval of 10 days, starting from August 25. Sampling for plant analyses of photosynthetic activity was carried out at the beginning of flowering and milk stage of the grain in 2018-2019. Differences between the varieties were revealed, both chlorophyll content in assimilating organs and their total accumulation in different periods of the growing season. It is shown that the sowing time, which determines the rate and degree of autumn and spring development of winter rye plants, has significant effect on the chlorophyll content. The highest content of green pigments was found at the late sowing date in leaves, leaf sheaths, and spike. In the stems, almost equal amounts of chlorophyll at the 1st and 2nd dates and a slight decrease at the third date were observed. The maximum chlorophyll content accumulated in leaf during flowering (0.88-1.83 mg / g) and during milk stage of grain (1.04 ... 1.93 mg / g) of winter rye. The highest amount of chlorophyll A+B variety Radon showed at the 3rd sowing date, and Zilant - at the 1st sowing date. The rank of varieties was maintained both during flowering and at milk stage of grain. The value of chlorophyll index of the plant reached a maximum in the phase of flowering at the first sowing date (on average for the varieties 9.83 mg/plant). Differences between the varieties in this indicator were more evident in the phase of milk ripeness. On average for the three dates of sowing the highest values of chlorophyll index were observed in variety Radon (8.72 and 8.45 mg/plant, in flowering and milky ripeness, respectively).
Seed productivity of variegated alfalfa at different growing methods
Authors: Gushchina Vera Alexandrovna , Timoshkin Oleg Alekseevich , Volodkina Galina Nikolaevna , Chetverikov Fedor Petrovich
Published: February 2022

The widespread introduction of variegated alfalfa into production is hindered by a shortage of seeds and difficulties in cultivating it in the year of sowing. The study of the influence of cover crops on the seed productivity of variegated alfalfa of the Darya variety was carried out in 2018-2020, characterized by various weather conditions, in the experimental field of the separate division "Penza Research Institute" of the Federal Research Center for Bast Crops. When studying the formation of the elements of the crop structure, it was found out that the largest seed mass was obtained on non-bloodless alfalfa crops - 28.1...29.7 g/m2. It was lower by 10...24% on the sub-blood, but the optimal conditions for its development are formed when sowing for barley, harvested for grain and annual grasses - for green fodder. The plant density at the same time was 40 ... 41 pcs. / m2, the productive stem – 2.7 pcs./plant, the number of twigs on the stem – -47 pcs., 347...349 seeds were collected from each plant, and 12948 and 13305 pieces with a stable mass of 1000 seeds – 1.97...2.03 g were collected from each plant, and from a square meter - 12948 and 13305 pieces with a stable mass of 1000 seeds-1.97 ... 2.03 g. The maximum seed yield of 297 kg/ha was obtained when alfalfa was sown without cover with herbicidal treatment of weed vegetation. Alfalfa of under-cover sowing reduced seed productivity by 29 ... 72 kg/ha. Among cover crops, optimal conditions are created under vico-oat mixture harvested for green fodder and under barley-for grain, where the seed yield was 268 and 260 kg / ha, respectively.
Results of testing of promising potato hybrids in the conditions of the Central region of the non-chernozem zone of Russia
Authors: Chehalkova Larisa Konstantinovna , Konova Aminat Msostovna , Gavrilova Anna Yurievna
Published: February 2022

The aim of the work was to study 10 potato hybrids of the joint selection of the  Russian Potato Research Center and the Federal Research Center for Bast Fiber Crops in terms of yield, marketability, starch content and taste to determine the adaptive potential in the conditions of the Central Region of Russia. The studies were conducted in 2017-2019 in the breeding nursery of the main test on sod-podzolic medium loamy soil in the conditions of the Central Region. The highest yield of 42.1 - 52.0 t/ha was characterized by hybrids of the middle-early maturity group. However, this group also had the highest coefficient of variation for the studied trait, 26.8-31.6%, which indicates an unstable yield of hybrids of this group of ripeness in the studied years. The yield of the middle-late maturity group hybrids was 29.2-45.0 t/ha with the lowest coefficient of variation of 1.9 - 4.4% in the BP808 x 88.34/14 and Prince x Russian Souvenir hybrids, respectively. This indicates a slight variation in the yield of the studied hybrids. The greatest number of tubers 10.6 - 12.3 pcs./bush was observed in hybrids of the middle-early group of ripeness Inessa x 2651-8. In the middle-maturing group, the maximum number of tubers under the bush of 14.8-16.8 pcs./bush was observed in the hybrid 2387-26 x Aurora. The marketability of tubers in general in most hybrids was in the range of 87.7-96.9%, the coefficient of variation was low 0.1 - 3.8%, which indicates a stable marketability in the studied years. The average weight of a commercial tuber of hybrids varied in the range of 83.5 - 109.2 g. The starch content in most of the studied hybrids was within the average values and amounted to 13.9-17.7%. For three years, the percentage of starch content in all hybrids was stable, which is explained by a low coefficient of variation of 0.6 - 5.9%. The taste qualities of the hybrids were good and varied within 4.4 - 4.7 points with a low coefficient of variation (2.1-4.5%).
A review of the literature on the impact of acute and chronic stress upon brain waves
Authors: Noushad Shamoon , Ahmed Sadaf , Ansari Basit , Saleem Yusra , Batool S. Farah , Batool Syeda Farah
Published: February 2022

Background: The biological responses associated with stress originate in the brain and involve different physiological and physical effects. The direct effect of stress on cortical responses can be visualized by recording the brain’s electrical waves using an encephalograph. These waves are recorded by means of an electroencephalogram (EEG). EEG is the most commonly used neuroimaging technique to study the patterns of brainwaves and functioning of the brain. It also measures the variation of the electric field produced by neuronal activity a millisecond at a time. To systematically analyze published studies on the difference between brain wave patterns in terms of their frequencies among subjects with acute stress, chronic stress, and normal individuals. 

Methodology: The data from published studies was arranged quantitatively and qualitatively by producing a planned summary measure. Studies that focused on brain wave analysis of the EEG of healthy adult subjects with no history of mental illness or head injury were included in the review. The selected literature included many types of stressors that are acute or chronic, and that affected the neuronal electrical activity. The only electronic database utilized to identify relevant studies was PubMed.

Result: Fifteen studies were included that were based on a variety of acute stressors to observe alterations in brain wave activity between stress-free and stressed states. These studies showed that stressors could be a causative factor to generate fluctuations in neuronal oscillations that also leads to significant psychological, physiological and neurobiological deteriorations to some extent. An additional sixteen studies were included, which showed the effect of chronic stress on the asymmetry of the amplitude in the frequencies of brain waves. 

Conclusion:  The most common change observed was in the alpha frequency (8-13Hz), followed by changes in beta waves (13-30 Hz) and theta (4-8Hz). Though, there is not always the same resultant pattern of waves explored with even the same type of stressors due to interpersonal differences in response to a stressful situation.
Cultivate an attitude of gratitude among college students:
Authors: Ahmed Aisha Rais , Masoom Saima
Published: February 2022

Background: Positive psychological interventions (PPIs) is the premise that focuses on how people can learn contentment and move toward Subjective well-being (SWB). One of the well-known Positive psychological intervention strategies is the gratitude intervention that challenges to evoke gratitude and helps produce positive feelings. The primary purpose of this study was to examine the implementation of 3 weeks gratitude meditation program and determine its effects on SWB (spell out) measures. Also, it was observed whether or not the Gratitude practice can improve the tendency to respond with a sense of gratitude itself.

Methodology: This Quasi-Experimental study included 160 students from 2 colleges in Karachi who were participating voluntarily in the gratitude meditation program, conducted by investigators. All study subjects gave written informed consent before proceeding further. The mean age of the study subjects was 15 to 20 years. A total of 80 male and 80 female students participate in this study. The purposive non-probability sampling technique was used for recruiting the study sample. Data were obtained using a brief demographic sheet, followed by pre-and post-intervention measures, using the Gratitude Questionnaire-Six Item Form (GQ-6), the Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS), and Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS). Statistical analysis was conducted on SPSS version 22.0. Descriptive analysis technique and paired-sample t-test applied for within-group comparison.

Results: The findings were highly significant with p< .001. The results showed a significant difference between the mean scores of pre-and Post-intervention conditions of SWB. Moreover, the participant's level of gratitude was increased by experimental manipulation.

Conclusion: Cultivating gratitude significantly contributes to satisfaction and positive outcomes in life, suggesting that gratitude training could be proposed as a beneficial practice for increasing SWB.
Tracing the roots of generalized anxiety disorder; Domestic Violence & Abuse
Authors: Muhammad Ilyas Siddiqui  , Khalil Ahmed Kazi  , Jawad Ahmed Qadri  , Aatir Hanif Rajput  , Hadiqa Pandhiani  , Masood Ahmed Memon
Published: February 2022

Background: Though the factors causing domestic violence and abuse (DVA), such as mental illness among men is well-research, the mental health consequences of DVA for the victims (women) are seldom explored.

Methodology: This case-control study was conducted upon a sample of 200 women (100 cases and 100 controls) presenting to the psychiatric outpatient department at Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad. After taking written informed consent, patients with a clinical diagnosis of general anxiety disorder (GAD) were invited to participate in this research. Their data was collected via a self-structured questionnaire inquiring about basic biodata, sociodemographic details, GAD diagnosis, GAD 7 scale score and DVA history. The data collected was analyzed using SPSS version 22. 0.

Results: The mean age of the study sample was 36 ± 09 years (range 23 to 49). 164 (82%) women were present in a marital relationship, and the remaining were either separated, divorced, or widowed. The mean duration for which the survivors suffered abuse was 7.3 ± 2.5 years, and 153 (76.5%) suffered from DVA to date. 41 (20.5%) participants made their index visit to the psychiatric facility while the remaining were frequent visitors. The mean GAD score of the sample was recorded to be 18 ± 3, with a majority of the patients having moderate or severe anxiety. DVA was more prevalent among the GAD group (p-value 0.034). Additionally, within the GAD group, a higher GAD & scale score correlated with a longer DVA duration and active DVA infliction.

Conclusion: There is a significant association between DVA and GAD. However, more research is needed to further explore the relationship, for better understanding, and maybe developed upon which more suited treatment protocols may be devised. The results also highlight the prevalence of DVA and the need to apply interventions and offer women help.
Formación de operadores del sistema de justicia penal y cultura de la paz
Authors: Ortega Barrera Cristian
Published: February 2022

La formación de los abogados, antes de la instauración de las salidas alternas, había privilegiado la solución de los conflictos a través de un litigio, mismo que involucra la imposición de la resolución del juez sobre la voluntad de una o de ambas partes; a raíz de la Reforma Constitucional en Materia de Seguridad y Justicia de 2008, la capacitación en el mundo jurídico ha cambiado, ahora además de solucionar el conflicto también lo entiende y ayuda a su prevención a través de mecanismos no violentos; lo que contribuye al logro de la Cultura de la Paz.
El Poder de la mediación
Authors: Gorjón Gómez Francisco Javier
Published: February 2022

La mediación es una fuente de poder, es una fuerza que genera el empoderamiento de las personas cuando acuden a ella, porque produce sinergias que hacen del mediador un agente de cambio social y un agente de paz. Hace que el mediador y el mediado, sean factores evolutivos hacia una sociedad moderna, porque la mediación tiene la fuerza y el poder de generarlas positivamente en donde no las hay, logrando que podamos vibrar en la misma sintonía, sincronizándonos en armonía.
Este articulo pretende mostrar una visión realista de dónde debe de posicionarse la mediación en su contexto actual, visualizando las condiciones históricas favorables para elevarla al pináculo de su evolución, considerando al poder un elemento consustancial de su progreso para ser considerada una institución y una innovación sociales.