bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of Fluoridated Dental Products on Color Change of Bleached Tooth Enamel: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Hommod Alsabeel Mohammad , Akram Qasim Aisha
Published: January 2025

Aims: To assess the impact of fluoridated dental products (Toothpaste, mouth rinse, and fluoride varnish) on bleached tooth enamel's color when used before, after, or before and after the tooth bleaching process.
Method: A total of (64) bovine permanent incisors were prepared and divided into two main groups: Group (A) was treated before and after the bleaching. Group (B) was treated after bleaching only. The bleaching process used an Opalescence boost of 40% hydrogen peroxide. Each main group was divided into (4) subgroups: (A1, B1) Control, (A2, B2) treated with FluorKIN mouthrinse, (A3, B3) treated with FluorKIN toothpaste, (A4, B4) treated with Proshield Fluoride Varnish.
A spectrophotometer was used to evaluate color change ΔE.
Results: There was a statistically significant increase in ΔE after bleaching and no change after treatment, and there was no statistically significant difference between the group receiving bleaching only and the group receiving preventive protocol before bleaching.
Conclusion: According to the ΔE means results in the present study, the fluoride treatment protocols had no impact on color change when used before, after, or before and after dental bleaching.
Incidental Finding of Torus Palatinus and Mandibularis by CBCT
Authors: Jameel Resha , Ahmed Najm Areej , A. Hadi Farah , H. Al-Nakib Lamia
Published: January 2025

Background: Torus palatinus and torus mandibularis are benign bony growth or exostosis, localized to the roof of the maxilla and the alveolar surface of the mandible with nodular, flat or pedunculated shape.This study aimed to assess the shape,size, site &location of torus palatinus &torus mandibularis in relation to age& gender among Iraqi sample utilizing cone beam computed tomography.
Materials &methods: retrospective study performed by examination of 2000 CBCT images searching for tori, from the archives of radiology clinic at College of Dentistry / Baghdad University and other private dental center in Baghdad city. Tori shape (lobular or nodular), size (small, medium or large), site (unilateral, bilateral or middle), and location or surface (buccle, lingual or palatal) were evaluated in both male and female with age ranged between (20- 40 and above)y.
Results:  Tori were found in 20 patients only, so it regarded to be rare in Iraqi sample, and no statistically significant differences in distribution was found between male and female. Higher percentage of tori was reported in 20-29 age group, with no statistically significant differences appeared between Torus palatinus and Torus mandibularis. No differences in tori shape, and position was found.
Conclusion: Torus palatinus and mandibularis had an impact on occlusal stress, occlusal force, parafunctional habits and temporomandibular joint disorders. It’s of great importance to be detected and evaluated before any dental or surgical intervention
Investigation the Effect of Hydrothermal Aging on the Microstructural, Physical, and Color Stability of Different Dental Ceramics. (An in vitro Study)
Authors: Abass Jassem Hussam , Anwar Agha Maha
Published: January 2025

Рurроse: To evaluate the influence of thermocycling on the microstructural, physical, and color stability of three CAD/CAM ceramic materials.
Materials and Method:  In total, 93 specimens (7×5×1.5mm) were prepared from lithium disilicate glass ceramic (IPS e.max CAD), Extra translucent zirconia (VITA YZ), and resin nanoceramic (Cerasmart 270). All the materials was  A2 or equivalent shades. The samples were obtained  as directed by the manufacturer. these were samples exposed  to thermocycling at 5 to 55 C in distilled water for (10.000 cycles). Color stainability, surface roughness, microhardness and surface microstructure were measured and assessed prior  and after thermocycling. The Statistical analysis were performed with a Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test, independent Kruskal-wallis test and Pearsons’s correlation analysis. The significant level was set at P ≤ 0.05.
Results: prior  and after hydrothermal aging Cerasmart presented the lowest hardness value . VITA XT exhibited the highest hardness value . The surface roughness had the maximum level of exhibition in VITA XT group   . lithium disilicate exhibited the lowest surface roughness values . Cerasmart showed the highest color changes values (∆E) after hydrothermal aging , lithium disilicate showed the lowest (∆E) values . after the  hydrothermal aging the hardness of VITA XT increased significantly .  surface roughness of lithium disilicate increased significantly after aging . for stain ability all the materials used in this study was within the clinically accepted threshold < 3.3 .   
Conclusion: Cerasmart showed  least degree of hardness before and after aging and highest stainability after aging . Before and after aging, VITA XT showed the highest levels of hardness and surface roughness. lithium disilicate presented the lowest stainability , lowest surface roughness prior  and after aging .
Comparative Estimation the Influence of Core Material (Zircon) and Surface Treatment on The Fracture Resistance of Some Ceramic Material
Authors: Fouad Karkosh Shahrazad , Essa Alwan Lateef  , Nazar Alwahab Zahraa
Published: January 2025

Background: Ceramic is very essential in the science of dental biomaterials. successfully in dentistry zirconia restorations have been utilized because of their good mechanical properties and biocompatibility. Zirconia cores are generally veneered with porcelain duo to lack of translucency, this make restorations weaker by means of miss of the cohesion between veneering ceramic and core material, the goal of the present study to estimate the influence of core material (zirconia) and surface treatment up on fracture resistance of some ceramic material. 
Methods: Forty samples of zirconia were fabricated by (Computer adding design/Computer adding manufacture technique. Samples were split randomly for four groups depending on their  surface treatment , each group contains  10 samples .Group Zirconia control: Samples  without  surface  treatment (control group).Group Zirconia sand plast: Samples  sandblasted with 50µm of AL2O3particles.Group Zirconia potassium hydrogen difluoride :samples etched with 70 mg concentration of potassium hydrogen difluoride .Group Zirconia Combination: samples sandblasted with 50µm of AL2O3particles and etched with70 mg concentration of potassium hydrogen difluoride. Scanning electron microscope at different magnification was used to detect the morphological alteration of the zirconia following surface treatment.2mm veneering ceramic was put on all samples. Then sintering and glazing. fracture resistance of all samples was measured by universal testing machine. Statistical test perfect utilizing SPSS software. Results: In (Zirconia Combination) group the data analysis manifested that highest mean of fracture resistance values was, while the lowest mean of fracture resistance values was for (Zirconia Control) and (Zirconia Sand Blast) groups. Conclusion: Due to the time constraints of this study, using of different surface treatments with Zirconia substructures were more effective on the values of fracture resistance.
Evaluation Effect of Oyster Shell Powder on The Surface Hardness and Compressive Strength of Dental Stone
Authors: Kadhim Ghadeer Fatima
Published: January 2025

Aim: This study measured the surface hardness and compressive strength of dental stone after adding oyster shell powder. Materials and methods: Forty-eight specimens of dental stone were prepared for four groups (12 specimens for each group). The dental stone specimens, without addition, were the control group, the powder of oyster shell was added to the dental stones in the three experimental groups at various weight ratios of 3%, 5%, and 7%. For each group, compressive strength and surface hardness measurements were performed. Results: the results show that an increased ratio of oyster shell powder led to a significant increase in surface hardness. There was no significant difference in compressive strength value between the control group and the two experimental groups (incorporation of 3% and 5% oyster shell powder), while the addition of 7% oyster shell powder to dental stone caused a significant decrease in compressive strength (P< 0.05). Conclusion: - increase in surface hardness by increasing the weight ratio of oyster shell powder to dental stone. However, increasing the load of oyster shell powder by more than 5% decreased the compressive strength of dental stones.
Grammatical errors made by students when translating phraseological units from Russian into Chinese.
Authors: Luo Zhimeng
Published: January 2025

The article is devoted to the theoretical and applied research of the translation features in the "Russian – Chinese" language pair. Numerous studies in the field of Russian-Chinese translation, in particular, phraseological units, indicate the existence of significant difficulties faced by modern translation students. These difficulties include differences in the syntactic structure of sentences, the lack of grammatical categories of gender and number in Chinese, as well as specific features of the semantic structure of phraseological units. The subject of the study is the most characteristic types and features of grammatical errors made by students in the process of consistent translation of Russian phraseological units into Chinese. The purpose of the study is to identify the specifics of errors caused by the semantic, grammatical and structural characteristics of Russian phraseological units and their inconsistency with the grammatical norms of the Chinese language. This work uses an integrated approach that includes both qualitative and quantitative research methods, including: methods of theoretical and comparative analysis, classification, content analysis, as well as methods of questioning, observation and experimental research. As a result of this study, the following groups of errors were identified: errors in coordination; incorrect use of cases and tenses; problems with the translation of semantic and grammatical shades of phraseological units. The novelty of the study lies in the fact that these groups of grammatical errors were first considered in the context of the transmission of national cultural codes of the Russian language and their semantic, grammatical and structural implementation in the process of translating phraseological units in Chinese. The results of the research can be applied in educational practice to improve the quality of teaching Chinese, as well as to develop methodological manuals, books and monographs focused on the study of grammatical aspects of translating Russian phraseological units into Chinese.
Перспективы применения люминесцентного бетона при строительстве и эксплуатации подземных линейных транспортных сооружений
Authors: Алексей В.К. , Алексей С.Е. , Алексей Б.П. , Виктория М.Д.
Published: January 2025

В статье рассмотрены вопросы повышения качества и безопасности движения пешеходов и транспортных средств в подземных линейных сооружениях. Рассмотрены основные параметры безопасности движения транспортных сооружений тоннельного типа. Определена область применения люминесцентных и световозвращающих материалов при строительстве и эксплуатации бетонных и асфальтобетон покрытий. Даны рекомендации по применению специальных светящихся материалов в практике строительства.

The article discusses the issues of improving the quality and safety of pedestrian and vehicle traffic in underground linear structures. The main parameters of traffic safety of tunnel-type transport structures are considered. The scope of application of fluorescent and retroreflective materials in the construction and operation of concrete and asphalt concrete coatings has been determined. Recommendations on the use of special luminous materials in construction practice are given.
المثل الشعبي بين تصوير التجربة وأنساق النقد
Authors: عاصي عمر محمود
Published: January 2025

ينهضُ هذا البحث في دراسة العوامل السياقية المختلفة التي تسهم في تشكّل مادة المثل الشعبي، ويقع في مقدمتها للاشعور الذي يشمل جميع جوانب الحياة النفسية، من ثم فأن دراسة اللاشعور تمكننا من تفسير جميع الظواهر النفسية التي تشكل جزءا كبيرا من مادة الأمثال الشعبية، فالمثل الشعبي لا يقف عند حدود التجربة الاجتماعية التي تختزل قصة شعبية ماتعة، بل تضمر في أغوراها نسقا نفسيا عميقا، شكّله اللاشعور المنبثق عن عوامل سياقية مختلفة، فالمثل يعبر عن حقائق وطبائع نفسية، تتمثل قيمته في تعبيرها عن كوامن النفس التي لا يشعر المجتمع بوجودها.  ويقتضي ذلك معالجة مفاهيم متعلقة بالدراسة أبزرها: المثل الشعبي، اللاشعور الفردي، اللاشعور الجمعي، كما يبحث في سيرورة المثل الشعبي وطرق تناقله وحفظه، مستعينا على ذلك بالمنهج الوصفي التحليلي إلى جانب المنهج النفسي، وقد تخلل البحث بعض الأمثلة التطبيقية من خلال الرجوع إلى بعض الأمثال الشعبية الفلسطينية، وتنتظم في ثلاثة مباحث، يتصدَّرها مقدمة؛ وقد عُني المبحث الأول بالوقوف عند تعريف أهمِّ المصطلحات المتعقلة بالدراسة، وأمَّا الثاني فقد أَولَى اللاشعور عنايةً خاصَّة؛ ليجلِّي أثره في تشكيل مادة المثل وفرضها على الوعي، وأمَّا الثالث فيبحث في سيروة المثل الشعبي وطرق تناقله وحفظه؛، ثم تُذيَّل هذه الفصول بخاتمة تقيِّد أهمَّ النتائج والتوصيات التي توصَّلتْ إليها.
الإحالة ودورها في التماسك النصي (خطب الحرمين في أزمة كورونا2020م نموذجًا)
Authors: الحمراني أمينة محمد , بسيوني هدى عيد
Published: January 2025

هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى الكشف عن الكيفية التي تم من خلالها إبراز المعاني والقيم التي نادت بها خطب الحرمين في ظل أزمة كورونا من منظور لسانيات النص، وإظهار جانب من جوانب التماسك النصي المختلفة في مستوياتها، والوقوف على ملامح تماسك النص من خلال الإحالات بأنواعها، وعليه، طرحت الإشكالية التالية: كيف أسهمت الإحالة في اتساق خطب الحرمين في أزمة كورونا؟ وتكمن أهمية هذا البحث في توضيح دور الإحالة في ترابط النص وتماسكه وإزالة الغموض واللبس عن العبارات المحيلة، وذلك من خلال نسبة هذه التعبيرات إلى مراجعها ليتمكن المتلقي من فهم النص، واتبعت الباحثة المنهج الوصفي، وقد توصلت الدراسة إلى عدة نتائج منها: إن الإحالة بالضمائر كانت الأكثر ورودًا في العينة، بما في ذلك الإحالة الداخلية، ومعظمها جاءت على النسق المعروف في اللغة وهو الإحالة القبلية.
أثر العلاقات السياقية في التحول الدلالي للفعل حديث "من يقم ليلة القدر إيمانا واحتسابا غفر له ما تقدم من ذنبه" نموذجاً دراسة تركيبية دلالية
Authors: جاخو محمد
Published: January 2025

يهدف البحث إلى دراسة أثر العلاقات السياقية في التحول الدلالي للفعل انطلاقا من الإجابة عن الإشكال المتوهم في حديث: «من يقم ليلة القدر إيمانا واحتسابا غفر له ما تقدم من ذنوبه». حيث ورد جواب الشرط "غفر" مخالفا لشرطه "يقم"، في محاولة لإثبات أن لأثر العلاقات السياقية القدرة على تحول دلالة الزمن للفعل، وأنها من مبررات توجيهه، وتوصل البحث إلى نتائج منها: أولاً: تحول معنى الفعل في جواب الشرط "غفر" في الحديث من الزمني الأصلي إلى المستقبل، متأثراً بالعلاقة الشرطية "من"، ما جعله متسقاً معه. ثانياً: وقوع الفعل في سياق الشرط قد يدل على معنى المستقبل. ثالثاً: قد يختلف زمن الفعل في السياق عن زمنه الأصلي لظروف السياق. رابعاً: العلاقات السياقية هي القرائن المحيطة بالسياق والتي هي روابط للكلمات.  خامساً: أثر العلاقات السياقية مسوغ لتوجيه التحول الدلالي للفعل.
Wiggle150: Benchmarking Density Functionals And Neural Network Potentials On Highly Strained Conformers
Authors: Gair Joseph , Wagen Corin , Brew Rebecca , Nelson Ian , Binayeva Meruyert , Nayak Amlan , Simmons Wyatt
Published: January 2025

Accurate benchmarks are key to assessing the accuracy and robustness of computational methods, yet most available benchmark sets focus on equilibrium geometries, limiting their utility for applications involving non-equilibrium structures such as ab initio molecular dynamics and automated reaction-path exploration. To address this gap, we introduce Wiggle150, a benchmark comprising 150 highly strained conformations of adenosine, benzylpenicillin, and efavirenz. These geometries—generated via metadynamics and scored using DLPNO-CCSD(T)/CBS reference energies—exhibit substantially larger deviations in bond lengths, angles, dihedrals, and relative energies than other conformer benchmarks. We evaluate a diverse array of computational methods, including density-functional theory, composite quantum chemical methods, semiempirical models, neural network potentials, and force fields, on predicting relative energies for this challenging benchmark set. The results highlight multiple methods along the speed–accuracy Pareto frontier and identify AIMNet2 as particularly robust among the NNPs surveyed. We anticipate that Wiggle150 will be used to validate computational protocols involving non-equilibrium systems and guide the development of new density functionals and neural network potentials.
The Cognitive Screen: Psychological Dimensions of AI Sentience in Modern Science Fiction Cinema
Authors: Satish Akshay
Published: January 2025

This chapter discovers the multifaceted representation of artificial intelligence consciousness in contemporary science fiction movies and their possible attitude towards the moral, epistemological, and social consequences of a cogitative AI. The chapter, “The Cognitive Screen: Psychological Dimensions of AI Sentience in Modern Science Fiction Cinema” therefore, is a critical analysis of the complex themes of AI consciousness in motion pictures, particularly through the analysis of four movies: WALL-E (2007), I, Robot(2004), Her (2013), and Ex Machina (2015). The research is divided into sections with objective stated, the methodology used, and the main portions which deals with carrying out the case study as well as drawing conclusions and recommendations.
Single Crystal X-Ray Diffraction (SXRD)
Authors: Anitha K.
Published: January 2025

X-Ray crystallography is a powerful, versatile and quantitative technique available to elucidate
Characterization of Single Crystals by High-Resolution X-Ray Diffractometry and X-Ray Topography
Authors: Bhagavannarayana G.
Published: January 2025

Well-characterized single crystals are the building blocks of advanced technologies of modern science. High-resolution X-ray diffraction (HRXRD), Diffuse X-ray scattering (DXS) and X-ray topography (XRT) methods play an important role in evaluating the crystalline perfection of single crystals because of their non-destructive nature and accuracy. These methods are useful to get the real knowledge about the arrangement of atoms/molecules/ions including dopants. Macroscopic defects like dislocations, structural grain boundaries and microscopic defects like point defects and their aggregates, crystallographic orientation of the surface bending of crystallographic planes etc, can be characterized by HRXRD, XRT and DXS
DIGITAL LITERATURES: READING AND WRITING IN THE AGE OF TECHNOLOGY
Authors: Shashidhar S. , Anupama K.
Published: January 2025

In an era where technology continually reshapes the landscape of human expression, digital literature emerges as a vibrant and dynamic field at the intersection of creativity, innovation, and critical inquiry. This edited volume titled Digital Literatures: Reading and Writing in the Age of Technology seeks to explore the multifaceted world of digital literature, offering a comprehensive examination of its forms, practices, and implications.
Reception of the political news narratives in readers’ responses: multimodality and intertextuality
Authors: Zhabotynska Svitlana
Published: January 2025

Developed in the field of international relations, the theory of the strategic narrative (Miskimmon et al., 2013; 2017 among others) identifies it as a means for political actors to construct a shared meaning of international politics, and to shape the perceptions, beliefs, and behaviour of domestic and international actors. The authors of the theory maintain that the explanation of the workings of the strategic narrative presumes the study of its formation, projection, and reception. Such explanation brings together various scholarly fields aimed at the search of the lacking methodology that demonstrates how the formation, projection, and reception aspects of the strategic narrative work together as a triptych. The proposed article approaches this problem from the perspective of cognitive linguistics that studies conceptual grounds for verbally delivered information. The article forwards and tests a novel methodological framework, which posits a cognitive ontology of the information, featured verbally and visually, as the feasible grounds for tracking regularities in the simultaneous dynamics of the three narrative aspects. The article focuses on the projection / reception narrative aspects, represented in a media news text and the readers’ responses to it – the issue relevant for the linguistic field of intertextuality. Methodologically and thematically, the article continues the previous research (Zhabotynska & Velivchenko, 2019; Zhabotynska & Ryzhova, 2022; Chaban et al. 2023; Chaban et al. 2024 among others) of the formation / projection aspects of the strategic narrative featured in a news media text.
Ethnocultural features of the population of Аlmaty and Аnkara: comparative analysis experience
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Sultaniyarova Anar , Chobanogly Ozkul
Published: January 2025

The article examines the demographic, migration situation of the cities of Almaty and Ankara, and the change in the ethnic composition of the city of Almaty during the year of independence. In our opinion, the main one is the availability of a developed infrastructure, including market, industrial, economic, cultural, educational, scientific, etc. The relevance of the proposed research topic due to the lack of research on the topic we propose, including at the modern methodological level.

Purpose: the proposed topic is a comparative analysis and assessment of ethnocultural, demofraphic, ethnomigration processes among the urban population of Almaty and Ankara.

Scientific novelty: the study of comparative ethnocultural, ethnodemographic processes among the urban population of Almaty and Ankara is one of the most significant scientific studies in domestic and Turkish historical and ethnological science. New data and sources reveling this topic will be introduced into scientific circulation, which will be directly based on the author’s ethnographic materials, the results of surveys, statistical and literary sources. The latter can also include data from demographic yearbooks, National Population censuses, mass media, and research by leading domestic and Turkish ethnologists, demographers, sociologists, anthropologists. It is supposed to use such well-known methods ahd analysis, synthesis, and historical consistency, as well as historical-comparative, chronological and statistical approaches.

We believe that the results obtained on this topic will be widely used in publications dealing with the problems of history and ethnography, cultural studies and sociology, demography, in the preparation of works on modern ethnocultural and demographic processes among the urban population of Turkey and Kazakhstan.

The research methodology consists of generally recognized principles of scientific knowledge based on objectivity and historical regularity. The achieved and projected results should have a significant impact on the development of Russian historical, ethnological and sociological science.
Relations of the Мamluk sultanate with the italian states (based on italian sources)
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Zhumagulov Kalkaman , Abdukadyrov Nurzhigit
Published: January 2025

In the Middle Ages, the Mamluk Sultanate was one of the main medieval Muslim states in the East. From the moment the Mamluk Sultanate was established, it began to maintain contacts with foreign countries in various fields. During its existence, the Mamluks established relations with European states, including the Italian republics. In the 13th-16th centuries, the relations established with the Italian states became a branch of the international relations system in Europe at that time. The scientific article examines the history of political relations between the Mamluk Sultanate and the Italian states. A scientific analysis of diplomatic relations that developed on the basis of trade relations between the Italian republics and the Mamluk Sultanate is carried out. Diplomatic and political relations between the Italians and the Mamluks are assessed as a direction of medieval diplomacy. Based on Italian materials, the history of relations between the Venetian, Florentine and other Italian republics, which were interconnected by diplomatic and international relations, with the Mamluk Sultanate is presented. At the same time, the political position of the Mamluks in relation to the Italians and the main directions of foreign relations are considered.
Analysis of the Efficacy of Finerenone Combined with Irbesartan in the Treatment of Diabetic Nephropathy
Authors: Li Chenchen , Li Lin , Zhang Limin , Ji Juan , Li Zhe , Li Jing
Published: January 2025

Objective: To analyze the clinical effect of using finerenone combined with irbesartan in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy. Methods: Eighty-five patients with diabetic nephropathy who received inpatient treatment in our hospital from July 2023 to June 2024 were selected and divided into the control group (42 cases) and the observation group (43 cases) according to the differences in drug treatment programs. The control group received oral treatment with finerenone tablets, and the observation group received treatment with finerenone combined with irbesartan. The differences in the blood glucose level, renal function indicators, serological level, and adverse reactions of the two groups were compared and analyzed. Results: After treatment, the levels of fasting blood glucose, 2-hour postprandial blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, blood creatinine, urea nitrogen, blood uric acid, TGF-β1, SFRP-4, GSK-3β, and ICAM-1 in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). In the control group, there was one case each of vertigo, palpitation, rash, vomiting, and angioneurotic edema during treatment, with a total incidence rate of 11.90%; the observation group had one case each of vertigo and vomiting, with a total incidence rate of 4.65% (P > 0.05). Conclusion: In the clinical treatment of patients with diabetic nephropathy, finerenone combined with irbesartan therapy can significantly improve patients’ blood glucose level and serological levels, and alleviate patients’ renal function, showing positive clinical application value.
An Assessment of Filipino Public School Teachers’ Research Competence: A Basis for an Enhancement Professional Development Programme
Authors: Abella Janet Y , Cadorna Edelyn Alicar , Taban Joseph Gacusan , Ramirez Ludito Velacse
Published: January 2025

The ability to conduct academic research is essential for teachers to contribute to the body of knowledge and enhance the quality of education. This study assessed the research competence of 440 public school teachers in the First District of the Schools Division of Ilocos Sur during the school year 2022–2023. A mixed-method research design was used to comprehensively analyse their profiles, research competence and challenges encountered. Data were collected using validated questionnaires and interview guides and analysed using frequency, percentage, mean, Pearson correlation, Chi-square test and thematic analysis. Findings indicated that many schools lack adequate research resources. Teachers had few research projects and minimal research awards. Teachers showed a high level of competence based on their knowledge, skills and attitudes but low research productivity. Significant factors related to research competence included age, educational attainment, length of teaching experience, and rank/position. The overwhelming teaching loads and numerous school activities were the major hindrances to conducting research. As a result, the study proposed a research enhancement training programme aimed at improving teachers' research competence. Implementing this programme is expected to nurture a positive school research culture, contributing to improved educational practices and outcomes.
LVIV TELEVISION: SUBJECTS OF PLOTS AND THEIR CHARACTERISTICS
Authors: Kazimova Yuliana
Published: January 2025

The article is devoted to analysing modern journalistic television materials on Lviv television. Television journalism is very important in today’s society, although all other types of mass media also play an important role in humanity. Each mass media tries to prepare materials on current topics and at a professional level, so it is necessary to use all mass media. Although the topic of this study is television material, it is important in this article to present the features of preparing newspaper material, articles in Internet media, and audio material on radio and to compare the features of all mass media materials in general.

Television develops its manipulative potential precisely because it skillfully hides the difference between fiction and reality. Moreover, that is why the information received from the TV is much more convincing for the public than arguments of a theoretical or ideological nature.

The main goal of this study is to determine the features and methods of presenting high-quality modern TV materials. The research tasks are to study the best ways and methods of writing materials and collecting and presenting information. This study is devoted to considering television material in general, and specifically, it is based on the example of Lviv Television. This material covers the peculiarities of television in general, as well as the specifics of Lviv television, changes in its activities, and specific television materials are presented.
BRAND PARTNERSHIPS AND COLLABORATION OF UKRAINIAN BOOK PUBLISHERS
Authors: Yezhyzhanska Tetiana , Kharyna Olha-Liuba , Tsykhmeistruk Polina
Published: January 2025

A study of collaborations in the publishing business in Ukraine. Analysis of the impact of cooperation between publishing houses on market competition and cultural aspects. One of the most effective and common ways to convey information about a brand and reach a target audience is collaboration, which combines the efforts of different companies or corporations to spread knowledge about themselves among fans and Internet users. Ukrainian publishing houses choose partners for collaborations based on several key criteria: shared cultural values, the possibility of mutual strengthening of brands, common goals, and values, and complementarity of products and audiences. Partnerships between publishers are based on combining resources and expertise to create unique products that capture audiences' attention. Successful collaborations allow publishers to expand their audience, strengthen their position in the market, and better meet readers' needs by combining partners' efforts and resources.
Collaborations increasingly contain a clear self-identity, patriotic stance, and appeal to cultural heritage, and here, publishers have something to offer a variety of non-publishing brands.
Collaborations in the publishing business are a phenomenon that allows publishers to effectively promote their brands, reach new audiences, and create unique book products in the competitive market. The perspective of further research may be the study of collaborations of publishing brands with authors, readers, influential people - influencers, research of the cooperation with business partners, such as bookstore chains or services Megogo, "Abuk", Librarium, Yakaboo, with organizers of festivals and contests, educational and training institutions, etc. Cooperation marketing and partner marketing as an interaction between the client and the company is still waiting to be studied.
MEDIA COMMUNICATIONS IN THE INFORMATION STRATEGY OF UKRAINE'S INTEGRATION INTO THE EU
Authors: Novokhatko Leonid
Published: January 2025

The article is devoted to the importance and role of media communications in Ukraine's European integration processes. The topic of Ukraine's integration into the European Union is vital not only for the political, economic, security, and humanitarian aspects of the state's life but also for the national media space. The importance of the information and communication component for achieving strategic goals is confirmed. The functions of media communications in the context of Ukraine's European integration are defined. The information and analytical activities of Ukrainian media in the national media space on the country's path to the EU are analyzed. Attention is also focused on the problematic issues of covering the topic of European integration. A content analysis of the monitoring of world media for the relevance of the problem under study was conducted using the Media Cloud platform.
Among the resources considered in the analysis are all global English-language media and national media of the USA, Great Britain, and France.
The content analysis results concluded that Ukraine's integration into the EU is relevant for modern international relations and is actively covered by the world media. Ukraine's membership in the EU is mainly associated with and is associated with, Russian aggression against Ukraine and the beginning of a full-scale invasion. Over time, the media have paid no less attention to the topic of European integration. A new powerful surge in media activity occurred with negotiations in June 2024 between representatives of Ukraine and representatives of the governments of 27 EU countries on membership. The high activity of world media in covering Ukraine's European integration aspirations indicates support and interest in Ukraine in the world community.
BRICS EXPANSION: RESHAPING GLOBAL ECONOMIC GOVERNANCE
Authors: Kaushik Sumant , Mahipal Payal , Patel Mitesh K.
Published: January 2025

The expansion of BRICS, with the inclusion of Argentina, Egypt, Ethiopia, Iran, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates, marks a pivotal moment in the evolution of the bloc and the global landscape. This research paper examines the potential implications of this expansion, analyzing the opportunities and challenges it presents for BRICS and the global economy. It explores BRICS' role as a potential counterweight to Western dominance, the importance of fostering internal cohesion and a unified vision, the need to prioritize economic cooperation and trade liberalization, and the bloc's efforts to reform the global financial architecture. The paper also considers the potential for BRICS to contribute to a more multipolar world order, the challenges posed by potential fragmentation and competition, and the crucial role of Africa in shaping the bloc’s future.The 2023 BRICS summit witnessed a historic expansion of the bloc, adding six new members and significantly increasing its global footprint. This expansion has generated considerable debate surrounding its potential impact on the existing world order and the future of global governance. While the geopolitical implications are evident, with BRICS now representing a larger portion of the global population and GDP, the economic agenda remains somewhat vague. This research paper provides a comprehensive analysis of BRICS expansion, exploring its implications for the bloc itself, its member states, and the broader global economy.
Efecto del bioabono sobre la fenología de aguacate Hass
Authors: Vargas-Álvarez Dolores , Damián-Nava Agustín , Nava-Chacon Andrea Guadalupe , Monteón-Ojeda Abraham , Palemón-Alberto Francisco , Acosta-Ortega Santo Ángel
Published: January 2025

Los factores que se asocian con el cuidado ambiental, detonan el interés por el desarrollo de la agricultura orgánica, reconocida como una alternativa económicamente eficiente, socialmente justa y ecológicamente sostenible, que contribuye a disminuir los impactos negativos atribuidos a la agricultura convencional; debido a ello, en esta investigación se estudiaron tratamientos de abonos orgánicos en Coaxtlahuacán, municipio de Mochitlán, Guerrero, México, durante noviembre de 2020 a noviembre de 2021 en un huerto de aguacate Hass de ocho años de edad. El objetivo fue evaluar el comportamiento fenológico de árboles de aguacate nutridos con abonos orgánicos de estiércol bovino: 50 y 75 kg año-1, aplicado en forma sólida y líquida; mezclados con y sin micronutrimentos orgánicos, que combinados formaron ocho tratamientos, más un testigo (agua); ordenados en un diseño de bloques al azar, con cuatro repeticiones; un árbol como unidad experimental. El fruto alcanzó su madurez fisiológica en noviembre con diámetro polar y ecuatorial de 9.8 unidad experimental. El fruto alcanzó su madurez fisiológica en noviembre con diámetro polar y ecuatorial de 9.8 y 7.5 cm, respectivamente. La aplicación de 50ESM (50 kg de estiércol sólido+ micronutrimentos) y 75ES (75 kg de estiércol sólido), presentaron el mejor diámetro polar (7.5 cm) y 50ES (50 kg de estiércol sólido), el ecuatorial (5.1 cm). El mejor resultado se mostró mayor cantidad de flujos vegetativos en marzo (9.5 brotes rama-1), mientras que los florales en febrero (10.3 brotes rama-1) de estos, la aplicación de 50ES (2.9 brotes rama-1) fue superior a los demás tratamientos, mientras que para los brotes florales fue 50ESM (3.3 brotes rama-1), fue el mejor.
Effect of Planting Materials and Sett Treatment on Establishment and Yield of Bajra Napier Hybrid Grass CO (BN) 5
Authors:   Department of Forage Crops, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore - 3, S D Sivakumar , N Sridharan ,   Department of Rice, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore –3., C Babu ,   Sugarcane Research Station, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Cuddalore.
Published: January 2025

Field experiments were conducted during 2018 â€“ 19 at Field No.53 C of Glass house farm, Department of Forage Crops, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore to study the performance of single budded setts with sett treatment on establishment, growth and yield of Bajra Napier hybrid grass. Treatments comprised of single budded setts prepared by two methods of sett preparation (manual and sett cutter) and also with and without sett treatments and two methods of planting (horizontal and vertical planting) along with vertical planting of two budded setts (existing practices). Sett treatment of 12 hours soaking in water and 24 hours incubation was followed. Cumbu Napier hybrid grass variety CO (BN) 5 was used. Two trials were conducted. Significantly higher total sugar content and the lower starch content, total phenolics and lowest IAAO activity were recorded in horizontal planting of manually prepared single budded setts with sett treatment and horizontal planting of sett cutter prepared single budded setts with sett treatment. Horizontal planting of manually prepared single budded setts with sett treatment registered higher establishment of 90.8 percent, green fodder yield (121.5 t/ha/2cuts), dry matter yield (28.8 t/ha/ 2 cuts) and crude protein yield (3.90 t/ha/ 2 cuts) and it was on par with horizontal planting of sett cutter prepared single budded setts with sett treatment and vertical planting of two budded setts (existing practice). Hence, Horizontal planting of single budded setts with sett treatment (12 hours soaking in water followed by 24 hours incubation) was found to be a viable option for better establishment with reduced sett requirement (50%) and cost of cultivation.
Empreendedorismo Social/Religioso na Pandemia: Respostas Inovadoras e Transformações no Atendimento Espiritual
Authors: Zacarias Alana , Oliveira Edi Carlos de
Published: January 2025

Em janeiro de 2020, quando um vírus causador de síndrome respiratória aguda grave começou a dizimar uma parcela significativa da população, a OMS declarou emergência de saúde pública mundial. Nesse cenário, diversas organizações, incluindo igrejas de diferentes religiões, foram obrigadas a fechar suas portas em um momento em que o fortalecimento da fé era essencial. As igrejas responderam a esse desafio com ações empreendedoras e respostas inovadoras, adaptando-se rapidamente ao novo contexto para oferecer atendimento espiritual virtual aos fiéis. Em maio de 2023, quando a OMS decretou o fim da pandemia, praticamente todas as atividades religiosas haviam retornado à normalidade. A partir desse cenário, entender as publicações sobre religião e pandemia é relevante para explorar as transformações no atendimento espiritual, as temáticas e as tendências para pesquisas futuras sobre o tema. Com esse propósito, realizou-se uma pesquisa sistematizada com aplicação de técnicas da bibliometria sobre a temática em tela. Foram analisados 10 artigos da base de dados Scielo; e os resultados apontaram que em todas as ações implementadas pelas igrejas/religiões, o cuidado espiritual e religioso foi indispensável para o enfrentamento da pandemia, sobretudo nos momentos em que a fé necessitava ser fortalecida, ainda que de maneira virtual.
Teoría de Juegos Evolutivos y su relación con las Ciencias Administrativas
Authors: Alegre Brítez Miguel Ángel
Published: January 2025

Esta investigación documental explora la relación entre la teoría de juegos evolutivos y las ciencias administrativas en empresas comerciales durante el periodo 2018-2023. La teoría de juegos evolutivos, una extensión de la teoría de juegos tradicional se utiliza para modelar y analizar estrategias adaptativas en entornos cambiantes, con aplicaciones en la administración de empresas. Este estudio analiza cómo las empresas comerciales aplican principios de la teoría de juegos evolutivos para mejorar la toma de decisiones estratégicas, la competitividad y la eficiencia organizacional. A través de una revisión exhaustiva de la literatura, se identificaron varios modelos teóricos que demuestran la implementación de estos principios en la práctica administrativa. Los resultados indican que las empresas que integran conceptos de la teoría de juegos evolutivos tienden a mostrar mayor adaptabilidad y éxito en mercados competitivos. La discusión aborda las implicaciones prácticas de estos hallazgos, así como las limitaciones y oportunidades para futuras investigaciones. Las conclusiones subrayan la importancia de la teoría de juegos evolutivos como herramienta complementaria en la formulación de estrategias administrativas, destacan su relevancia en el desarrollo de políticas empresariales sostenibles y eficientes. Este estudio contribuye al conocimiento interdisciplinario al integrar conceptos de la teoría de juegos con prácticas administrativas contemporáneas, ofrece un marco teórico robusto para la innovación en la gestión empresarial.
El andamiaje institucional del habanero aprendizaje de artes y oficios, 1839-1849
Authors: Mejias Díaz Jesús Javier
Published: January 2025

El presente artículo tiene como objeto de estudio el andamiaje institucional del ramo de aprendizaje de artes y oficios de la Sección de Industria y Comercio de la Real Sociedad Económica de La Habana entre 1839 y 1849. Se realiza un análisis sobre la estructuración e implementación de los dispositivos de control en el ramo de aprendizaje durante la década de su existencia. Los funcionarios del ramo de aprendizaje trataron de asegurar el control social de maestros, oficiales y aprendices mediante las escrituras de aprendizaje, la corrección penitenciaria y la supervisión sobre los talleres, los maestros y sus empleados por parte de los inspectores de barrio. En busca de una nueva ética de trabajo para los sectores urbanos marginalizados el ramo ensanchó sus límites institucionales inicialmente concebidos generando interacciones y espacios de delimitación. Para poder trazar la forma en que se fabricó y evolucionó este andamiaje del poder fue necesario realizar un análisis exhaustivo de las fuentes documentales e impresas contemporáneas al ramo de aprendizaje. De ellas emergió que el disciplinamiento social de los sectores artesanos asió —por medio de una arquitectura legal— a los grupos manufactureros intermedios habaneros al proyecto de modernización económica de las élites azucareras en los albores de la primera industrialización en Cuba.
Congratulation Strategies Employed by Jordanians in an Academic Setting: A Socio-Pragmatic Study
Authors: Al-Natour Mouad Mohammed , BaniKlaef Alaeddin , Almahasees Zakaryia , Al-Hawamdeh Areej Mohammad Mahmoud , Al-Bataineh Khaleel B.
Published: January 2025

Congratulation speech is one of the most linguistic aspects that is performed by people in general and among Jordanians in particular. Understanding the Jordanians’ congratulation helps people from different cultures to understand them adequately. This study aims to investigate the congratulation strategies written in the graduation notebooks for undergraduate students at Jerash university. The writers of congratulations, typically the students' friends, classmates, and professors, are requested by the graduated students to pen their congratulations in their graduation notebooks after they completed their bachelor studies at the English language and literature department. To analyze the data, the congratulation strategies will be identified and then classified. A qualitative method involving observations and memos was used to collect data from 10 congratulatory notebooks. The study revealed that the students employed various congratulatory strategies, including congratulatory statements, happiness clauses, compliments, good wishes, and the ability to attach presents. It also suggests a potential area for future research, which could investigate the students’ reactions to the congratulatory text to evaluate the perlocutionary act of the students. Another suggestion for future research is that compering the Jordanians strategies of congratulation with other society strategies of congratulations to shed the light to the similarities and differences between them.
Diagnosis and management of Auricular Chondritis: A case report
Authors: Eka Putra Setiawan  , Komang Andi Dwi Saputra  , I Gusti Ayu Mahaprani Danastri  , Ni Luh Putu Yustina Dewi
Published: January 2025

Background: Auricular chondritis is an inflammation of the cartilage of the auricle, characterized by serum or pus effusion between the perichondrium and cartilage layer of the outer ear. It is often caused by bacterial infections targeting the ear cartilage. When perichondritis extends deeper into the cartilage, it results in chondritis.
Objective: To report a case of auricular chondritis
Case Report: A 25-year-old female presented with a complaint of a lump on her left earlobe for the past month. On physical examination, a lump was observed involving nearly the entire auricle. The lump was fluctuant, red, tender, and associated with loss of ear contour. The patient underwent incision and drainage with the insertion of a plastic tube and compression of the earlobe.
Clinical question: What is the optimal management approach for auricular chondritis?
Methods: A review of evidence-based literature on the management of auricular chondritis.
Result: Treatment for auricular chondritis involves debridement combined with antibiotic and corticosteroid therapy to reduce inflammation.
Conclusion: In this case, auricular chondritis was successfully managed using antibiotics and corticosteroids in conjunction with surgical intervention. This approach prevented recurrent infections and minimized complications. The drainage technique used ensured that the perichondrium remained intact, preventing cartilage wrinkling and further deformation, thereby reducing the risk of the cauliflower ear's progression.