bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and Optimization of Snake Fruit Peel Ash-Derived Silica for Iron (Fe) Removal from Batik Wastewater
Authors: Salamah Siti , Mufandi Ilham , Jumari Jumari , Fadhilah Ainun
Published: January 2025

The byproduct of the batik industry is a liquid waste containing heavy metals like iron (Fe) which can be harmful to the environment and aquatic ecosystems. The aim of this study is to synthesize and optimize silica derived from snake fruit peel ash as an adsorbent for iron (Fe) in the liquid waste of the batik industry. Snake fruit peel is often overlooked as waste and is identified to have a high silica content. The research method was carried out in the calcination process at a temperature of 650°C for 1 hour to convert and change the snake fruit peel powder into ash, then extracted using a 2M HCl solution. The final stage of silica synthesis is drying and grinding. The Silica characterization was analyzed using the FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy) and Surface Area Analyzer (SAA) tests.  The metal content in the waste was analyzed with AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectrometer). The results showed that the silica from snake fruit peel ash contains silica constituent groups, namely silanol (Si-OH), as an active site for the adsorption process. The surface area of the silica is around 56.347 m2/g, the total pore volume is about 0.0193 cc/g, and the average pore diameter is approximately 26.6745 mm. The application test on batik liquid waste showed a decrease in Fe concentration from 0.487 mg/L to 0.343 mg/L at contact time of 60 minutes. This research proves that silica from snake fruit peel ash offers an innovative and sustainable solution for the treatment of batik industry liquid waste and in other liquid waste processing.
Pengaruh Kecepatan Rotasi Unit Modifikasi Rotating Biological Contactor terhadap Kinerja Pengolahan Limbah Cair Kelapa Sawit
Authors: Rahmadi Rais , Nugrohoputri Allifiya Salsabil , Adam Mayandra Salsabhila , Astuti Ariani Dwi , Kurniawan Allen
Published: January 2025

Limbah cair kelapa sawit (LCKS) mengandung bahan organik dan padatan tersuspensi yang tinggi sehingga berbahaya jika dibuang ke lingkungan tanpa melalui proses pengolahan. Beberapa modifikasi unit pengolahan biologis terus dikembangkan untuk mengolah LCKS, antara lain unit rotating biological contactor (RBC). Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi pengaruh variasi kecepatan rotasi dan penggunaan bioball terhadap kinerja unit modifikasi RBC. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan unit RBC berskala laboratorium dengan variasi kecepatan rotasi sebesar 3, 5, dan 8 rpm. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kecepatan rotasi secara signifikan memengaruhi kinerja sistem RBC. Penurunan kecepatan rotasi dari 8 rpm menjadi 3 rpm meningkatkan efisiensi penyisihan soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD) secara signifikan dari 62% menjadi 67,4% dan efisiensi total suspended solid (TSS) dari 66% menjadi 92,4%. Kecepatan rotasi rendah pada kandungan organik dan padatan tersuspensi yang tinggi akan memungkinkan lebih banyak waktu kontak antara LCKS dan mikroorganisme sehingga proses transfer oksigen menjadi lebih optimal untuk proses biodegradasi substrat. Walaupun efisiensi SCOD dan TSS mengalami peningkatan yang signifikan, nilai konsentrasi kedua parameter belum memenuhi baku mutu. Oleh karena itu, unit modifikasi RBC perlu diintegrasikan dengan unit pra-pengolahan seperti koagulasi-flokulasi atau media pertumbuhan attached growth tipe lain, seperti honeycomb untuk menghasilkan nilai konsentrasi efluen yang lebih optimum.
20 Jahre Erhalt des Instituts für Bibliothekswissenschaft in Deutschland
Authors: Greifeneder Elke
Published: January 2025

Vor 20 Jahren beschloss das Präsidium der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, das Institut für Bibliothekswissenschaft zu schließen. Dieser Artikel beschreibt, was nach diesem Beschluss geschah, warum das Institut heute noch besteht, welche Wirkung Unterstützungsbriefe und Strategiepapiere haben und welche Lehren wir für universitäre Institute, aber auch für Bibliotheken aus 20 Jahre Erhalt des Instituts für Bibliothekswissenschaft ziehen können.
Greenhouse environmental monitoring and control system based on improved fuzzy PID and neural network algorithms
Authors: Guan Hongqiang
Published: January 2025

Compared with traditional agriculture, greenhouse planting can more accurately control the growth environment, thereby improving the yield and agricultural product quality. However, traditional greenhouse environments (GhEs) present a number of challenges, including inflexibility in monitoring and wiring, difficulty in management, and high labor costs. To improve the limitations of traditional GhEs and enhance the accuracy of GhE monitoring and control systems, a sensor-based GhE monitoring and control system is designed. In addition, a prediction model for GhE monitoring is constructed using a backpropagation neural network to better predict nonlinear factors such as humidity, temperature, and light intensity in the GhE. Simultaneously, an improved fuzzy proportional integral derivative (PID) controller is utilized to address issues such as fuzziness and uncertainty in GhEs. The results show that the temperature error of the greenhouse environment monitoring and control system based on improved fuzzy PID and neural network algorithms is 0.35–5.04%, the humidity error is −1.3 to 1.65%, and the lighting error is −3.5 to −0.79%. Comprehensive data show that the greenhouse environmental monitoring and control (GEMC) system based on improved fuzzy PID and neural network algorithms effectively improves the accuracy of environmental monitoring and control. The GEMC system, which is based on improved fuzzy PID and neural network algorithms, has facilitated the advancement of agricultural technology in China. It has also provided support and a reference point for GhE monitoring and agricultural production.
Highly sensitive microdisk laser sensor for refractive index sensing via periodic meta-hole patterning
Authors: Jeong Haerin , Park Nu-Ri , Park Byoung Jun , Kim Moohyuk , Kim Jin Tae , Kim Myung-Ki
Published: January 2025

Microdisk lasers have emerged as compact on-chip optical sensors due to their small size, simple structure, and efficient lasing capabilities. However, conventional microdisk laser sensors face challenges in enhancing interactions with external analytes, as their energy remains predominantly confined within the laser material. In this study, we present a novel microdisk laser sensor incorporating periodic meta-hole patterning, designed to enhance external interaction while maintaining the integrity of the whispering gallery mode (WGM). Numerical simulations show that in an InGaAsP microdisk laser (5 μm diameter, 250 nm thickness), the WGM remains stable with periodic meta-holes (period a = 340 nm, diameter d < 0.4a), achieving a resonant wavelength near 1,500 nm. The inclusion of meta-holes led to a substantial improvement in sensitivity, reaching up to 100.8 nm/RIU – a 2.26-fold increase over nonpatterned microdisks. Experimental validation confirmed lasing in structures with a d/a ratio of 0.32, achieving a maximum sensitivity of 74.5 nm/RIU, which represents a 2.02-fold enhancement compared to nonpatterned designs. This advancement in microdisk laser design not only opens new possibilities for high-performance, miniaturized optical sensors but also holds significant potential for integration into next-generation on-chip sensing technologies.
Sebaceous carcinoma of the intraoral origin: a literature review
Authors: Katib Yousef
Published: January 2025

Sebaceous carcinoma (SC) is an aggressive cancer arising from sebaceous glands, rarely occurring in the oral cavity (IOSC). With 21 documented cases, it typically affects the buccal and labial mucosa, tongue, and palate. The cause remains unclear, but Fordyce granules, sebaceous structures in oral mucosa, may play a role in malignancy. IOSC often presents as a painless lump, leading to delayed diagnosis and increased risks of recurrence and metastasis. Early detection and treatment are crucial. Wide local excision (WLE) is the primary treatment, while radiotherapy (RT) is an option for patients unfit for surgery, unwilling to undergo it, or requiring palliative care for advanced cases. RT may also be used pre- or postoperatively to reduce recurrence risks. Cryotherapy and chemotherapy are not standard treatments for IOSC. Regular follow-up is essential for long-term management and to monitor for potential recurrence. The current review provides an updated overview of IOSC, focusing on its clinical presentation, risk factors, pathogenesis, diagnostic approaches, treatment strategies, and prognosis, aims to emphasize the importance of early intervention and a multidisciplinary approach to optimize outcomes.
Hawkmoth pheromone transduction involves G protein-dependent phospholipase Cβ signaling
Authors: Schneider Anna C. , Schröder Katrin , Chang Yajun , Nolte Andreas , Gawalek Petra , Stengl Monika
Published: January 2025

Evolutionary pressures adapted insect chemosensation to their respective physiological needs and tasks in their ecological niches. Solitary nocturnal moths rely on their acute olfactory sense to find mates at night. Pheromones are detected with maximized sensitivity and high temporal resolution through mechanisms that are mostly unknown. While the inverse topology of insect olfactory receptors and heteromerization with the coreceptor Orco suggest ionotropic transduction via odorant-gated receptor-ion channel complexes, contradictory data propose amplifying G protein-coupled transduction. Here, we used in vivo tip-recordings of pheromone-sensitive sensilla of maleManduca sextahawkmoths at specific times of day (rest vs. activity). Since the olfactory receptor neurons distinguish signal parameters in three consecutive temporal windows of their pheromone response (phasic; tonic; late, long-lasting), respective response parameters were analyzed separately. Disruption of G protein-coupled transduction and block of phospholipase C decreased and slowed the phasic response component during the activity phase of hawkmoths without affecting any other component of the response during activity and rest. A more targeted disruption of Gαsubunits by blocking Gαoor sustained activation of Gαsusing bacterial toxins affected the phasic pheromone response, while toxins targeting Gαqand Gα12/13were ineffective. Consistent with these data, the expression of phospholipase Cβ4 depended on zeitgeber time, which indicates circadian clock-modulated metabotropic pheromone transduction cascades that maximize sensitivity and temporal resolution of pheromone transduction during the hawkmoth’s activity phase. Thus, discrepancies in the literature on insect olfaction may be resolved by considering circadian timing and the distinct odor response components.

Significance statementInsect chemosensory transduction is typically thought to be ionotropic, but data from different insect species suggests that metabotropic olfactory signaling may occur, either alongside or instead of ionotropic mechanisms. Nocturnal moths, known for their extraordinarily sensitive pheromone-detecting olfactory receptor neurons, likely use metabotropic signal amplification. To overcome limitations of previousin vitrostudies, we conducted tip-recordings of pheromone-sensitive sensilla in healthy hawkmoths at specific zeitgeber times. Disrupting G protein signaling and phospholipase Cβ reduced sensitivity and altered response kinetics, revealing strict temporal control of transduction. Thus, contradictory findings in insect olfaction may be reconciled by considering diverse evolutionary pressures for distinct chemosensory signals in different species, zeitgeber time, and disparate odor response parameters.
It’s ‘In the Blood’
Authors: Carpenter Daniel
Published: January 2025

The idea of a game having a ‘signature song’ is well established: Metal Gear Solid 3: Snake Eater’s (2004) main theme famously took cues from James Bond themes, Persona 5’s “Last Surprise” (2016) became the subject of multiple viral videos and memes, and in the Nintendo 64 days, Grant Kirkhope’s “DK Rap” was becoming lodged in the minds of people all over the world. For Hades, this song is “In the Blood.” To understand how this song is crafted and how it portrays the narrative, atmosphere, and setting of Hades, this paper will analyze the creative choices that Darren Korb made when composing “In the Blood.” This will take the form of both a harmonic analysis and an investigation into the various musical signifiers that appear in this piece, particularly how they connect “In the Blood” to various genres and subgenres of music, and the broader video game music canon. Korb’s description of Hades’s soundtrack as “Maybe Mediterranean prog-rock Halloween music” reveals an attempt at transcending genre conventions, which links to gaming’s tendency to draw from and compare itself to other mediums. Each word of his description points to a particular musical signifier that carries its own connotations and history of use both inside and outside of video games. These signifiers do not come together as much as they act as established signposts for “In the Blood” to exist between. Such a context helps explain how video game music can exist beyond genre, connecting with listeners who may not ordinarily listen to music of that particular genre, and how diverse fandoms form around these signature songs.
Eurydice Sings
Authors: Shahmehri Demetrius
Published: January 2025

One of the most memorable moments in Hades is a strikingly ludomusical one. On entering a chamber in the game’s second region, instead of the usual percussive, metal-inflected music that signals the presence of infernal foes, the player is greeted with a lone voice singing a forlorn song, accompanied by discreet, lyre-like strumming. The voice, as the player learns on entering the chamber, belongs to Eurydice, a figure best known for her role in Greek myth as the wife and muse of Orpheus, the greatest musician of all time. Eurydice’s song in Hades strongly disrupts the ludic flow a confident player will likely have reached by this point, inviting them to pause and consider the song and its source. This paper argues that Eurydice’s song enacts an Orphic moment, rearranging the components of the myth of Orpheus and Eurydice to present a fundamentally new interpretation of the story that thoughtfully challenges assumptions on gender and voice in video games. Drawing on Michel Chion’s writing on the acousmatic voice and the literary theories of Mikhail Bakhtin, the paper analyzes how the song disrupts not just the musical and ludic processes of Hades, but revoices the myth more globally as it appears in both musical and ludic representations. In contrast to her role in the myth and to the historical position of female characters in video games, Hades’s Eurydice is initially heard but not seen, presented instead as an acousmatic, authorial voice in the game. At the same time, Eurydice’s song might be seen to register and vary a role commonly ascribed to women’s singing voices in games: of altering the world through sound. Whereas in most games this transformative power comes from the ability of the singing voice to alter the gameworld diegetically, Eurydice’s song transcends the screen to disrupt the processes of the game itself, as it is experienced by the player. The song leaves us, like Orpheus’s audiences in Ovid, subdued and transfigured by the singing voice.
СИБИРСКИИ ПЕРИФЕРИИНЫИ ОКРУГ: СТАБИЛЬНОСТЬ ИЛИ СТАГНАЦИЯ?
Authors: ЕРШОВ Ю.С. , МЕЛЬНИКОВА Л.В.
Published: January 2025

В статье рассмотрены структурные и институциональные факторы, определявшие уровень и динамику макропоказателей в Сибирском федеральном округе в течение последних 20 лет. Выявлена тенденция к периферизации, проявляющаяся в отставании округа по большинству социально-экономических показателей от национального уровня. Показаны причины изменений пространственной структуры регистрируемых статистикой итогов экономической деятельности и доходов, обусловившие концентрацию доходов в столичном регионе и снижение формальных показателей участия в общих результатах у большинства нестоличных регионов. Сформировавшийся разрыв между реальной структурой размещения производительных сил и результирующими макропоказателями определяет фактическое межрегиональное перераспределение финансовых ресурсов, которое является одним из важнейших факторов сильной дифференциации уровней жизни. В статье подчеркнута роль отраслевой реструктуризации в формировании отставания экономики СФО по уровню производительности труда. Рассмотрены возможности и ограничения экономического роста в СФО со стороны трудовых и инвестиционных ресурсов.

The article considers the structural and institutional factors that have determined the levels and dynamics of macroeconomic indicators in the Siberian Federal District (SFD) over the past 20 years. A trend of peripheralization is revealed, manifested in the fact that most of the district’s socio-economic indicators lag behind the national average. We highlight the reasons behind changes in the structure of economic activity and income, as recorded by official statistics, which have led to income concentration in capital regions. At the same time, non-capital regions show reduced formal participation in overall outcomes. The resulting gap between the actual distribution of productive forces and the macroeconomic indicators reflects an inter-regional redistribution of financial resources, contributing to strong disparities in living standards. The article also underscores the role of sectoral restructuring in the SFD’s lagging labor productivity. Lastly, the opportunities and limitations for economic growth in the district, in relation to labor and investment resources, are analyzed.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ ИНСТИТУЦИОНАЛЬНЫХ МЕХАНИЗМОВ ИННОВАЦИОННОГО РАЗВИТИЯ РЕГИОНОВ РОССИИ
Authors: ЯГОЛЬНИЦЕР М.А.
Published: January 2025

В статье исследуются структура и специфика слабо изученных аспектов синергии институциональных взаимодействий модели «тройной спирали», отражающей формирование инновационной экономики в России. Доказательная база строится на данных региональной статистики субъектов РФ. Используются методы многомерной классификации, проверки статистических гипотез, анализа взаимосвязей в сложных системах институциональных факторов. Выявлены существенные региональные различия в формировании инновационной экономики. Классическая модель «тройной спирали» реализуется в менее чем 30% субъектов РФ. В большинстве регионов в инновационном секторе или доминируют промышленные предприятия, слабо взаимодействующие с научно-образовательным сектором, или научный сектор мало ориентирован на прикладные результаты. Отсутствие институциональных посредников не позволяет реализовать потенциал модели. В статье показано наличие сформированных или формирующихся институциональных сфер в российской инновационной экономике. Практическая реализация модели «тройной спирали» зависит от «окон возможностей», которые определяются сочетанием региональных факторов и институциональной политики федерального центра. Результаты исследования рекомендуется использовать при формировании региональной инновационной, кластерной политики, а также в стратегических разработках межрегионального инновационного сотрудничества.

This paper investigates the structure and specific features of the underexplored synergies in institutional interactions within the triple helix model, which reflects the development of Russia’s innovative economy. The evidence is based on regional statistics from the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. Multidimensional classification methods, statistical hypothesis testing, and the analysis of relationships in complex institutional systems are employed. The study reveals significant regional disparities in the formation of an innovative economy. The classic triple helix model is implemented in less than 30% of Russia’s regions. In most of them, the innovation sector is either dominated by industrial enterprises that interact poorly with the scientific and educational sectors, or the scientific sector is insufficiently focused on applied outcomes. The lack of institutional intermediaries hampers the model’s full potential. The article highlights the presence of both established and emerging institutional spheres in Russia’s innovation economy. The practical implementation of the triple helix model depends on so-called “windows of opportunity, " determined by regional factors and federal institutional policies. The study’s findings are recommended for use in shaping regional innovation and cluster policies, as well as in strategic planning for interregional innovation cooperation.
On the existence of holomorphic foliations on Hopf manifolds
Authors: Beltran Andrés , Neciosup Hernán , Fernández-Pérez Arturo
Published: January 2025

En este artículo, investigamos el problema de la existencia de foliaciones holomorfas en variedades de Hopf de dimensión 3, con un enfoque particular en las variedades de tipo excepcional. Las variedades de Hopf, al ser variedades complejas compactas y no kählerianas, ofrecen un entorno fértil para el análisis de fenómenos no triviales en el estudio de foliaciones holomorfas. En particular, estas variedades presentan estructuras geométricas que permiten la aparición de comportamientos dinámicos complejos, lo que las convierte en un caso de especial interés.
Moral intelligence: the need of the hour in the 21st century upbringing
Authors: Singh Nayanika
Published: January 2025

A number of psychologists such as Freud, Adler, Piaget, Levinson and Kohlberg have talked about the various stages of development of children and the important role each stage of development plays in the healthy and enriching personality shaping of children that ultimately continues through adulthood. Since the world is ever changing, that has both positive and negative impact on the growth and development of children in the technological jet age. This throws a number of challenges for the parents and educators of today, as to how children can be reared up being a part of this constantly evolving social milieu, where the drain of moral values has become rather integral. This paper is an attempt to draw attention of parents and educators of the 21st century, as to how to help them up-bring their children and assist them in developing a morally fortified intelligence base for the generations to come.
Взаємодія органів публічного управління та громадянського суспільства Великобританії в умовах Брекзиту
Authors: Андрєєва Ольга , Ларіна Наталія
Published: January 2025

У статті розкриваються потенційні виклики та загрози, які постають перед органами публічного управління Великобританії в умовах Брезкиту. Виявлено, що Брекзит поставив децентралізацію у Великобританії під серйозну загрозу, що вплинуло на процес пошуку нової моделі взаємодії органів публічного управління та громадянського суспільства в контексті проведення економічних реформ в умовах кризового розвитку держави. За останні роки Великобританія здійснила чимало радикальних реформ, зокрема в соціально-економічній сфері, в сферах управління, приватизації, сільського господарства, що суттєво відобразилися на рівні розвитку суспільства. Виявлена наявність різкого розриву між тим, як угоди про децентралізацію інтерпретуються у Вестмінстері, Уельсі, Шотландії та Північній Ірландії, які більше спиралася на регіональні органи публічного управління.
Автори статті аргументують, що процес децентралізації, який передбачає делегування повноважень регіонам, підтримувався членством Великобританії в ЄС, і забезпечував зовнішню підтримку та гарантував економічний союз, розділяв питання ідентичності й суверенності. При тому, що вихід Великобританії із ЄС здійснює певний відцентрований тиск на державу. Тому Брекзит викликав серйозні політичні розбіжності між основними правлячими партіями регіонального рівня, протилежними за поглядами, які виступають як за возз'єднану Ірландію, і за збереження регіону у складі Великобританії. 
У статті проводиться дослідження взаємодії органів публічного управління Великобританії з громадянським суспільством, які могли б вплинути на укладання нових загальнобританських угод співпраці. Основна увага  сконцентрована на навколишньому середовищу, сільському господарству та рибальству, тобто, трьом областях політики, в яких повноваження, які були передані регіонам у процесі децентралізації, суттєво суперечать законодавству ЄС після Брекзиту, який дестабілізує внутрішнє врегулювання і порушує низку серйозних конституційних питань. Членство Великобританії в ЄС знизило можливості на відділення та незалежність Шотландії та Північної Ірландії, водночас вимагає нових підходів публічного управління органів влади на засадах партисипації, прозорості, звітності перед суспільством. Такі форми взаємодії є  еволюційними й впливають на процеси підготовки й прийняття публічно-управлінських рішень щодо збереження суверенності та цілісності держави, підвищення адаптивності до нових глобальних викликів.
Державні механізми підтримки розвитку туристичної галузі в умовах воєнного часу в Україні
Authors: Борисенко Ольга
Published: January 2025

Актуальність. Автором з’ясовано, що туризм і подорожі є потужною економічною діяльністю, яка істотно підтримує бюджети окремих міст, селищ та навіть регіонів, а її розвиток сприяє підвищенню рівня зайнятості, збереженню і розвитку культурного потенціалу, збереженню екологічно безпечного навколишнього природного середовища. Туристична галузь в Україні до початку війни динамічно розвивалася й сприяла активізації діяльності багатьох суміжних галузей. Проте з початком повномасштабного військового вторгнення РФ в Україну масштабних руйнувань зазнав туристичний сектор України (85%). В таких умовах, зважаючи на потенціал туристичної галузі, особливого значення набуває визначення важливих напрямів розвитку внутрішнього туризму в межах існуючих можливостей і креативного використання особливих умов в країні, а також удосконалення існуючих державних механізмів підтримки, захисту й розвитку туристичної галузі.
Метою дослідження є визначення напрямів впливу державних механізмів підтримки розвитку туристичної галузі в умовах воєнного часу в Україні
Результати. У статті встановлено, що основними проблемами, з якими зіткнулася туристична галузь, стали значне погіршення безпекової ситуації для життя і здоров’я людини на території України; втрата потенційних туристів як в середині країни, так і закордонних; порушення логістичного сполучення з іншими країнами; окупація місць активного туристичного розвитку та місць традиційного туристичного відпочинку українських і іноземних туристів; екологічне забруднення територій через штучне створення техногенних аварій та забруднення вибухонебезпечними речовинами. Водночас, туристична галузь, не зважаючи на складні умови, працює і підтримує економіку країни.
Висновки. Автором запропоновано державі в умовах триваючих військових дій та зважаючи на потенціал туристичної галузі, зосередитися на напрямах розвитку внутрішнього туризму в межах існуючих можливостей і креативного використання особливих умов в країні, а також удосконалити існуючі державні механізми підтримки, захисту й розвитку туристичної галузі, а саме: профільним урядовим структурам необхідно активно співпрацювати з ЮНЕСКО, урядами інших країн, приватними вітчизняними і іноземними інвесторами з метою залучення фінансової підтримки для відновлення і реставрації культурно-історичної спадщини, що постраждала від військових дій; просуванні нових видів туризму як, наприклад, крафтярство, реабілітаційний, медичний, гастрономічний та інші види туризму; здійснювати контроль за професійною підготовкою фахівців у галузі туризму; розвивати туризм як інструмент популяризації України як гостинної, інтелектуально розвиненої, культурно багатої, привабливої для інвестицій європейської країни. Реалізація таких підходів буде можливою у разі налагодження ефективної взаємодії органів публічного управління на регіональному та місцевому рівнях, узгодженості обласних та місцевих програм у сфері туризму та якості реалізації проектів, а також залучення професійних громадських організацій та зацікавлених осіб.
Удосконалення механізмів публічного управління формуванням туристичного потенціалу України
Authors: Кривенкова Руслана
Published: January 2025

Дослідження присвячено актуальній науковій проблемі удосконалення механізмів публічного управління формуванням туристичного потенціалу України. Метою статті є схарактеризувати основні напрями удосконалення механізмів публічного управління формуванням туристичного потенціалу України.
Авторка статті визначає такі основні механізми публічного управління формуванням туристичного потенціалу України, як інституційно-правовий, організаційно-кадровий, фінансово-економічний та інформаційно-комунікативний. Здійснено аналіз кожного з цих механізмів публічного управління, що відіграє особливо важливу роль для підтримки туристичної галузі шляхом належного управління формуванням туристичного потенціалу країни.
Проаналізовано, що в розвинених країнах світу питання удосконалення механізмів публічного управління формуванням туристичного потенціалу, реалізація заходів щодо збереження туристичного потенціалу є пріоритетними напрямами діяльності. Авторка статті визначає та характеризує 4 рівні сформованості туристичного потенціалу: вихідний, або початковий; базовий; проміжний та продуктивний.
Зроблено висновок про перспективи використання зарубіжного досвіду удосконалення механізмів публічного управління формуванням туристичного потенціалу для підвищення ефективності застосування державних механізмів України в цьому напрямі.
Removal of antiviral ribavirin from aqueous solutions by activated carbon prepared from tobacco stems
Authors: Bulduk İbrahim , Demir İbrahim , Enginar Hüseyin , Çifci Cemal , Mahammadiev Jasur
Published: January 2025

The preservation of water resources is seriously threatened by the rise of pharmaceutical contamination. Ribavirin, a widely used antiviral drug, is among the pharmaceutical residues in wastewater. In this study, the adsorption capacity of activated carbon produced from tobacco stems, a by-product of the cigarette industry, was investigated. The produced activated carbon was characterised by BET, SEM-EDX and FTIR analyses. In the next step, removal of ribavirin from aqueous solutions using activated carbon was investigated. In the next step, the removal of ribavirin from aqueous solutions was tested with this activated carbon. Various factors such as initial ribavirin concentration (10–50 μg mL−1), solution pH (4–10), adsorbent amount (5–30 mg per 50 mL solution), contact time (0–150 min) and temperature (300–328 K) were investigated to determine the optimum adsorption conditions. Adsorption kinetics were investigated with first and second order pseudo models, and the equilibrium state was analyzed with Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. Thermodynamic parameters were calculated at different temperatures (300, 308, 318 and 328 K). The results show that a maximum removal efficiency of 91.83% was achieved at an initial concentration of 30 μg mL−1, adsorbent dose of 20 mg, contact time of 90 min and pH 7.00. The adsorption process was best described by the pseudo-second order kinetic model (R2: 0.9987) and Langmuir isotherm model (R2: 0.9971). Thermodynamic analysis shows that the process is spontaneous (ΔG < 0), exothermic (ΔH < 0) and causes a decrease in disorder in the system (ΔS < 0). This study reveals that tobacco stems can offer an environmentally friendly and economic treatment alternative.
Water and fat soluble vitamins, their significance in metabolism, growth and development of children
Authors:   I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ukraine, Mochulska O.M. , Rohalska Ya.V. ,   I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ukraine, Hlushko K.T. ,   I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ukraine, Horishnyi I.M. ,   I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ukraine, Kotsyuba O.I. ,   I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ukraine, Karashivska O.S. ,   I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ukraine, Dzhyvak V.H. ,   I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ukraine, Chornomydz Yu.A. ,   I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ukraine
Published: January 2025

Vitamins are organic molecules that are necessary for the child's body in small quantities to maintain proper metabolic function.
Aim - to increase awareness of the biological and clinical effects of vitamins, their importance in metabolism, growth and development of children of various ages.
Vitamins are essential nutrients that practically cannot be synthesized in the child's body in sufficient quantities for normal functioning, and therefore they must be obtained and regularly consumed with food. Vitamins are found in small amounts in animal and plant foods. The deficiency of each of the vitamins causes specific metabolic disorders in children. Vitamins have high biological activity in small doses, they show the properties of specific biological catalysts of metabolic processes, growth and development, affect various vital functions of the child's body. The need for vitamins increases markedly in children under conditions of intensive growth and development, with excessive physical exertion, stress and neuropsychological stress, following various elimination diets with food restrictions, after suffering acute infectious diseases, against the background of accompanying chronic somatic diseases, as a result taking certain medicines, living in unfavorable climatic or environmental conditions. It is important to monitor the content of each of the vitamins in the daily diet of children. The following types of vitamin metabolism disorders are known: avitaminosis, monohypovitaminosis, polyhypovitaminosis. hypo-, hyper- and dysvitaminosis.
Conclusions. Vitamins as biological coenzymes activate a large number of physiological reactions, thus regulating growth and development, functions of various tissues, organs and systems. Vitamins improve adaptation and increase the resistance of the child's body to various adverse exogenous factors. It is very important that the child's body is not able to synthesize in sufficient quantity and store all vitamins for a long time, so a full set of vitamins should be received regularly in accordance with physiological needs. Timely screening and correction of vitamin deficiency in children can not only improve health, but also increase the quality of life.
No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.
Immunoprevention of contact children from focies of chemoresistant tuberculosis infection with BIVEL immunomodulator (BI-V)
Authors:   Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Ukraine, Sakhelashvili M.I. , Piskur Z.I. ,   Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Ukraine, Kostyk O.P. ,   Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Ukraine, Sakhelashvili-Bil O.I. ,   Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Ukraine, Starichek G.V. ,   Lviv Regional Center of Medical and Social Expertise, Ukraine, Shvaienko N.P. ,   Lviv Regional Center of Medical and Social Expertise, Ukraine, Tymchak E.V. ,   Lviv Regional Center of Medical and Social Expertise, Ukraine, Kashkadamova S.M. ,   Lviv Regional Center of Medical and Social Expertise, Ukraine, Stadovych O.I. ,   Lviv Regional Center of Medical and Social Expertise, Ukraine
Published: January 2025

Aim - to study the feasibility of using the natural immunomodulator BIVEL (BI-V) as a non-specific immunoprevention of tuberculosis (TB) among contact children from focies of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis infection (FsMDR-TBI) on the basis of clinical and immunological studies.
Materials and methods. The object of study: 120 contacted from FsMDR-TBI (75 children and 45 adolescents). The Group 1 - 95 children/adolescents who did not receive BI-V and the Group 2 - 25 patients who received BI-V. The state of phagocytic reactivity of immunity; cellular and humoral immunity; interleukins and specific immunity were determined. Statistical analysis of the obtained results was performed based on a software package Excel.
Results. In infected children/adolescents with FsMDR-TBI, insignificant functional disorders of the cellular response were revealed (decrease by 1.3 times IRI CD3+CD4+/CD3+CD8+), a shift in the balance in the regulatory system towards pro-inflammatory cytokines (increase by 2.0 times TNF-α/IL-10). The existing deviations in the regulatory and cellular response systems disappeared after the completion of the autumn-spring BI-V course. Preventive administration of immunomodulator BI-V to infected children/adolescents with FsMDR-TBI reduced the frequency of acute respiratory viral infections and exacerbations of bronchopulmonary diseases by 2.0 times, the development of latent tuberculosis infection into an active process by 2.6 times. Among children of the Group 2 - 8% of people fell ill with various forms of primary pulmonary TB, among children of the Group 1 - 22.1%. In both groups, the maximum level of TB occurred in the first two years of observation.
Conclusions. The introduction of the algorithm of preventive measures with appointment of BI-V confirmed feasibility of using this immunomodulator for contact children/adolescents with FsMDR-TBI.
The study was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethical Committee of the participating institution. The informed consent of patient was obtained for conducting the studies.
No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.
Results of diaphragm agenesis repair
Authors:   Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine, Rudenko Ye.O. ,   National Children’s Specialized Hospital “OHMATDYT”, Kyiv, Ukraine, Krivchenya D.Yu. ,   Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine, Shulzhyk I.I. ,   Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine,   National Children’s Specialized Hospital “OHMATDYT”, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: January 2025

Aim: assessment of short-term outcomes in children after diaphragmatic agenesis repair and selection of the optimal method for defect repair.
Materials and methods. This study involved 10 newborns with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (type D) who underwent surgery in one hospital between 2000 and 2023, followed by an assessment of complications, mortality, and the effectiveness of the thoracalization concept of the abdominal cavity.
Results. There were 6 (60%) male patients and 4 (40%) female patients. Right-sided diaphragmatic dome agenesis was diagnosed in 2 (20%) children and left-sided in 8 (80%). Early total mortality in this group was 60%. The surgical approach for treatment was thoracotomy in 80% (n=8) of cases, and in 2 (20%) cases transverse subcostal laparotomy was chosen. All diaphragmatic agenesis repairs were performed using patches (mostly made of polytetrafluoroethylene), with 8 of them applying the principle of thoracalization of the abdominal cavity. Indications for reoperations in our group included hernia recurrence - 2 cases (in one patient at 6 and 15 months) and intestinal obstruction caused by malrotation - 1 case.
Conclusions. Patients with diaphragmatic agenesis have higher mortality compared to the group with small and medium defects. The size of the diaphragmatic defect is an independent prognostic factor and may serve as a marker for the degree of pulmonary hypoplasia and pulmonary hypertension. The optimal method of surgical treatment is diaphragmatic repair using a synthetic polytetrafluoroethylene patch with thoracalization of the abdominal cavity.
The study was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethical Committee of these institutions. The informed consent of the children's parents was obtained for the research.
No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.
Tom Stobart: The Cook's Encyclopaedia - Ingredients and Processes
Authors: Davidson Alan E
Published: January 2025

Tom Stobart: The Cook's Encyclopaedia - Ingredients and Processes: Batsford, London, 1980: 464 pp., £12.50
O granicach wiary i niewiary
Authors: Dobrzyński Adam
Published: January 2025

Jan Woleński, Granice niewiary, Wydawnictwo Literackie, Kraków 2004.
Zrozumiec Fregego
Authors: Cebula Piotr
Published: January 2025

Arkadiusz Gut, Gottlob Frege i problemy filozofii współczesnej, Lublin, RW KUL 2005, s. 414.
The U-shaped relationship between low carbon goods trade and emission reductions: insights from Russian regions
Authors:   National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russian Federation, Fedyunina Anna , Simachev Yuri ,   National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russian Federation, Nikitenko Sergey ,   Federal Research Center of Coal and Coal-Chemistry of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kemerovo, Russian Federation
Published: January 2025

Relevance. The global imperative for adopting a low-carbon economy resonates worldwide, yet comprehensive assessments specific to the Russian economy remain scant. This is especially important considering the significant differences in the level of transition to sustainable development among Russian regions.
Research Objective. This study aims to introduce a robust methodology for evaluating and analyzing the international trade of low-carbon goods (LCGs) across various Russian regions and assessing its effects on fuel combustion emissions.
Data and Methods. Data on LCGs trade were obtained from the Federal Customs Service of Russia. In conjunction, datasets from Rosstat and the Central Bank of Russia were incorporated for comprehensive econometric modeling. The analytical framework employed Tobit and quantile regressions.
Results. The study uncovers significant disparities among Russian regions regarding the intensity of low-carbon goods exports and imports. This variation highlights the diverse competencies in LCGs production, as well as differing ecological agendas and consumption patterns across regions. Additionally, the research demonstrates that, although the widespread adoption of advanced production technologies is positively correlated with increased fuel combustion emissions, a U-shaped relationship exists where higher LCGs exports are associated with reductions in fuel combustion emissions across Russian regions to a certain degree.
Conclusions. This research highlights important implications for both federal and regional industrial and environmental policies. It advocates for the development of targeted incentives that encourage the adoption of low-carbon goods (LCGs) and advanced technologies. By doing so, policymakers can effectively promote sustainable development tailored to the unique needs and conditions of various regions, thereby fostering ecological resilience and economic growth across diverse regional landscapes.
Unlocking the potential of inter-municipal cooperation
Authors:   Institute of Economics of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg, Russian Federation, Suvorova Arina V.
Published: January 2025

Relevance. Inter-municipal cooperation is an effective tool for addressing resource deficits faced by municipalities, and its importance has grown in today’s context of socio-economic instability. However, the success of such cooperation largely depends on a careful selection of partners, which raises the question of how the strength of ties between municipalities impacts their ability to collaborate effectively.
Research objective. The aim of this study is to explore how the spatial characteristics of interdependence between municipalities influence their interactions and cooperation.
Data and methods. The research draws on official statistical data from Russia’s Federal State Statistics Service (Rosstat), as well as information from investment passports and municipal socio-economic development strategies. The study employs spatial correlation methods, cartographic analysis, and general research techniques, including analysis and synthesis.
Results. The inter-municipal relationships in Sverdlovsk Region are highly uneven, with significant disparities in the level of involvement across different areas. These relationships are predominantly concentrated around the region's administrative center and its neighboring municipalities, while the northern and eastern parts exhibit the weakest connectivity. Municipalities in the Ekaterinburg urban agglomeration are the most active participants in joint projects, whereas those in the southwestern part of the region show less involvement. The northern and eastern areas, in particular, demonstrate minimal engagement in forming partnerships with other municipalities, highlighting a stark regional imbalance.
Conclusions. The study confirms a strong link between the interdependence of municipalities and the extent of their cooperation. Factors such as territorial and socio-economic proximity play a key role, but additional drivers, such as national or regional policies, also significantly influence inter-municipal collaboration. Interestingly, a lack of resources among potential partners does not appear to impede cooperation.
Application of the concept of technological maturity in regional industrial development strategy-making
Authors:   Southern Federal University, Department of Economics, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation, Chernova Olga A. , Knyazev Vladislav R. ,   Southern Federal University, Department of Economics, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation
Published: January 2025

Relevance. Technological sovereignty in the national economy cannot be achieved without a clear understanding of the state of regional industries, particularly their level of technological maturity. This crucial factor drives investment decisions and shapes regional development strategies. However, existing methods for assessing technological development often fail to account for industries' reliance on foreign technologies and services.
Research Objective. The study explores the concept of technological maturity in the context of managing regional industrial development, focusing on the case of regional industries in Russia.
Data and Methods. To evaluate the technological maturity of regional industries, we propose an index derived from normalizing key indicators that capture the critical aspects of technological maturity. The normalized indicators are aggregated using the arithmetic mean. Correlation analysis was employed to identify factors influencing technological development. The study is based on official statistics from the Federal State Statistics Service (Rosstat) for 2022.
Results. Technological maturity indices are calculated for Russian regions, identifying both strengths and weaknesses. Only nine regions have achieved a medium level of technological maturity, while most remain at low levels. Additionally, many regions leading in terms of technology are highly reliant on imported technologies and services, with minimal exports of domestically developed technologies. These results highlight the need for policy measures tailored to regions’ varying needs and levels of technological maturity.
Conclusions The concept of technological maturity provides a strategic framework for regional industrial development that can enhance national economic competitiveness through both embracing modern technologies and ensuring technological independence. The technological maturity index provides a valuable tool for tracking key indicators of technological sovereignty in domestic industries and identifying investment priorities to strengthen it.
Češke teme u tjedniku „Danas“ (1982.–1990.)
Authors: Roštaš Helena
Published: January 2025

Politički tjednik „Danas“ objavljuje zagrebačka novinska kuća Vjesnik od veljače 1982. do lipnja 1992. te on tijekom osamdesetih postaje jedan od najutjecajni-jih jugoslavenskih časopisa. Od početka objavljivanja do kraja 1990., godine uvođenja višestranačja u Hrvatskoj, na stranicama tjednika „Danas“ objavljen je niz tekstova koji su tematski povezani uz neki aspekt češke kulture i društva, dominantno neofici-jelnu književnu produkciju tijekom razdoblja normalizacije i aktualna društveno-politič-ka zbivanja. Krajem desetljeća, a osobito 1990., uočava se izniman kvantitativni rast objavljivanja tekstova te usmjeravanje zanimanja na zbivanja tijekom i nakon baršuna-ste revolucije te povlačenje čehoslovačko-jugoslavenskih društvenih usporedba.