bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Morphological Connotations of the Linked taa in the Dictionary of Diwan Al-Adab by Al-Farabi (d. 350 AH)
Authors: Mamdooh Fayhaa
Published: March 2023

The major point of this research is the semantics of the tied ta’ in the singular noun and its morphological connotations in one of the dictionaries of the Arabic language, which is the dictionary (Diwan al-Adab) by al-Farabi, which was specialized and concerned with the weights of the words. The morphology of the ta' connected in this foreign language, and what Al-Farabi added to it in terms of connotations. As for the first part, it includes the significance of the ‘taa’ on the differentiation between the noun of gender and its singular form number, and the significance of the ‘taa’ on privacy, its indication of compensation, and its indication of confirming femininity. While the second part includes the indication of the taa on the number of the masculine, and its indication of exaggeration. Its indication of the abundance of the thing in the place, and its indication of Nominative verb form are also presented as well.
The Anxiety of Ideological Transformation Among The Poets of The Early Islamic Era
Authors: Khader Wadah
Published: March 2023

The anxiety of the creed transformation arose due to the factors and influences of the new life that were represented by the emergence of Islam. The life of the poets is closely linked to their society. They express their experience according to the developments of the stage and the accompanying intellectual events at the level of belief and belonging. We find a group of them converting and improving their Islam, while another group is Muslim, but it is a concern that is not adapted to the new events and changes, and a group has not been affected at all. And the anxiety of the ideological transformation cannot be studied in isolation from the sediments of the pre-Islamic life in which they lived and represented it in their poems.
Jurisprudential Issues Involved in the Interpretation of: the goal of wishes, by Al-Kurani (T.: 398 AH) in Surat Al-Nisa – personal affairs: a Contrastive Study
Authors: Abdul-Ilah Shuaa , Saleh Nafeh
Published: March 2023

Jurisprudential issues contained in Tafsir: The Goal of Wishes, by Al-Kurani (T.: 398 AH) in Surat An-Nisa in Personal Status (a comparative study.)

The idea of the research is to collect the jurisprudential issues contained in the interpretation of the goal of the wishes, and to clarify the sayings of the jurists from the four schools of thought with the Zaydiyyah and the Zahiriyya, and their liberation and the statement of the most correct ones and its justifications.  We were keen not to be intolerant of a particular doctrine, and we chose from the sayings according to what appeared to us from the evidence, in order to reach the correctness, God bless our Prophet Muhammad and his family.
The Issue of Habit and its Applications According to the Fundamentalists
Authors: Saeed Zeyad
Published: March 2023

Islamic Sharia is keen to take into account people’s traditions and customs that they followed and made them among the contents of Islamic Sharia provided that it does not violate Sharia. Thus it is forming a fabric of heavenly laws with traditions from the experience of societies such as rejecting unpleasant things and approving virility, so the research is keen to investigate the various aspects of the rule of habit. Court and its applications how they are dealt with for the fundamentalists.
The Rule of Jurisprudence Its Definition, its Origin and Development
Authors: Hussein Zainab
Published: March 2023

In the name of of Allah the Merciful

  Praise be to God. We praise Him, seek His help, and seek His forgiveness, and I bear witness that there is no god but Allah, and I bear witness that Muhammad is His servant and Messenger (PBUH), and upon all his family and companions, and those who follow them in goodness until the Day of Judgment.

Then:

         The definition of jurisprudence rules as a science of a specific science has been the multiplicity of the sayings of scholars, ancient and modern. Their idiomatic definitions of the rule abounded based on the understanding of knowledge of its nature and functions.

   After examining these definitions and the criticisms leveled against them, the researcher tries to form a definition of the jurisprudential rule based on the definitions of those who preceded this study, trying to avoid the objections to which they were directed as: “a case of a jurisprudential college from which the rulings of its parts are known.”

   The science of jurisprudence has taken an evolutionary path in its inception, and it has not placed as a single science, but rather its concepts have been formed and formulated gradually.
The Selections of the Preacher Al-Tamartachi in the Hanafi Tradition
Authors: Ali Omer
Published: March 2023

This research deals with the researcher’s choices of al-Khatib al-Tirtashi in the Hanafi school, in which he has contradicted what was adopted by the later ones. The Book of Marriage, it is divided into five parts. The first part shows introduction the second includes marriage, third one contains prayer. Then in the fourth part it includes his choices in divorce and in the fifth his choices in transactions. And the researcher has mentioned in every issue that is approved in the school of thought. The researcher has also mentioned the opinions of the jurists in other schools of thought.
An Explanation of the Protection of the Narration in Matters of guidance by Muhammad bin Mustafa Musleh al-Din al-Qujuwi, who is known as Sheikh Zadeh (951 AH) ((From his saying: an adult or virgin guardian is not forced .... to his saying then we have ev
Authors: Ibrahim Iman , Al-Qaisi Muhammad
Published: March 2023

This is a summary of a research entitled “Explanation of the Narration’s Protection in Issues of Gift” by Muhammad bin Mustafa Musleh al-Din al-Qujwi, famous for Sheikh Zadeh (951 AH), from no guardian is forced, an adult or a virgin ….…..we have all and will not yeh squid), which is one of the most important texts in jurisprudence.  Al-Hanafi, which was designed to convey the origin of the doctrine and the issues of the apparent meaning of the narration, in the most common issues and the majority. He did not contradict that except in a few issues, and because it contained valuable jurisprudential material, and in order to show its treasures to the Islamic jurisprudence library that is in great need for that, I chose to investigate its topics.

The research contains an introduction, three chapters and a conclusion. The first chapter includes a brief account about the life of the interpreter (Sheikh Zadeh), and the second topic was the definition of the book explaining prevention, and it included three demands ,and The third topic was the investigated text and it was from the door of the guardian to the statement of the explainer and no guardian is forced an adult or early…..we have all and will not), and then a conclusion in which the most important results are mentioned. Finally there are  the sources and references.
The Impact of Dialectical Studies on the Description of the Morphological Structures
Authors: Kamel Ahmed
Published: March 2023

Dialect constitutes an ecosystem in all languages that is by nature part of a broader and comprehensive environment that includes several dialects, each of which has its own distinct characteristics, and all of them are linked by a group of linguistic phenomena that facilitate the communication of members of these environments with each other and the understanding of what may take place from speech. It  is the term Its name ((language)) is the relationship between language and dialect is the relationship between the general and the specific, as it has been proven, and in light of the above, the research has dealt with an original scientific view of issues presented in the course of the research, including:

The view of Arab scholars to different forms of dialects.

 we can say that the interest in the dialectic lesson on the part of the Arabs stands the auditor’s position at the beginning of the study of modern dialects that appeared at the hands of the Orientalists who came to the Arab world to research its conditions and culture, and most of these studies were modest based on collecting the material and studying it in a traditional way.
Interplanetary Sunnahs Between Salvation and devastation in the Holy Qur’an Intellectual Study
Authors: Ibrahim Sami
Published: March 2023

This paper deals with the study of the cosmic sunnahs between destiny and salvation through the noble Qur’anic verses as an intellectual study. The second the researcher has talked about the causes of nations’ destruction and their examples and images in the Noble Qur’an, as well as the reasons for nations’ salvation and the lifting of punishment for them, with examples and images spoken by the verses of the Noble Qur’an, and then the conclusion was a summary of the findings. And Praise be to Allah, the Lord of the Worlds.
Al-Asmaa Alhusna (the finest names) and the Opinion of Imam Ibn al-Banna - may God have Mercy on him - about them
Authors: Salih Osama , Marhoon Rahim
Published: March 2023

This research is entitled: (The finest Names and the opinion of Imam Ibn al-Bana’ - may God have mercy on him) and it included four topics that we dealt with in the first topic: Defining the best Names, their number and enumeration, and in the second topic: his views on the Most Beautiful Names that indicate innovation and invention, and we discussed in the third topic To: His views on the Most Beautiful Names that indicate proof of measure. As far as the fourth topic is concerned, we have devoted it to: His views on the Most Beautiful Names that indicate integrity and perfection, and the denial of analogy. We concluded with a conclusion that included the most important results that we reached in this research, and we followed it with the sources and references that we returned to in the research.
The Opinion of Al-Kamal ibn Al-Hamam (D. 861 AH) in Mental Approval and Disapproval - A contrasive study
Authors: Abdullah Hiba , Mohamed
Published: March 2023

Praise is to Allah Almighty, Lord of the worlds, and the blessings and peace of Allah Almighty is upon our Prophet Muhammad and his family and companions.

    My research is titled (The opinion of al-Kamal ibn al-Hamam (D. 861 AH) in Mental Approval and Disapproval - a comparative study-) in which I dealt with the personal opinions from the doctrinal aspect, and I found that it expanded in the narration of opinions with invoking evidence from the Holy Qur’an and the purified Sunnah of the Prophet, and sometimes evidence from Reason and discuss its opponents in all scientific ways and put examples for clarification, giving preference to what he deems appropriate.

   Kamal bin al-Hamam - may Allah Almighty have mercy on him - has proven the issue of mental Approval  and Disapproval, and that they are understood by reason, that intellect according to Kamal bin al-Hamam - may Allah Almighty have mercy on him - is the basis of knowledge.
Ibn al-Akhdar al-Baghdadi and His efforts in the Science of men
Authors: Nouri Ahmed
Published: March 2023

Imam Abu Muhammad Ibn al-Akhdar is considered as one of the scholars of Iraq in the middle of the sixth century and the beginning of the seventh century. He had been known  in the sciences of men, but as a result of hard times there has been lost much of the nation’s heritage. That loss includes the books and writings of Ibn al-Akhdar al-Baghdadi, but we were able to collect what was available to us from his sayings in he taught men it is discovered that about thirty sayings of him in al-Jarh and al-Ta’deel, and he relied on his sayings by scholars after him. We hope we may find something written from him in the future. God bless our master Muhammad and his family and companions.
The role of Islamic education teachers in promoting the values of faith among middle school students in the judiciary in Al-dour and Al-alam in salah Al-Din Governorate
Authors: Khudhur Sabah
Published: March 2023

The study sought to identify the role of Islamic education teachers in  promotingthe values of faith among middle.school students  in the Durr and Science judgements. The researcher used the  descriptive curriculum in his study because it is the appropriate curriculum for ths stud.The study community is represented by middleschool teachersn the Dor and Science judgement. The number of schools for the 2021/2022 academic year was(45)including(22) secondary schools for boys, (17) secondary schools for girls and (6) mixed schools. To achieve the purpose of the study and to indicate its objective, the researcher prepared a sample of six areas  derived from the pillars of faith. He then confirmed the validity of the study and the distribution of(80) schools and (8)schools The study, with (40) male teachers and (40) female  teachers,the results of the study showed that the role of Islamic education teachers in promoting the values of faith among middle school students was high. The results of the study also showed that the appreciation of Islamic education teachers for the fields of faith value(promoting the values of faith in God, strengthening the values of faith in angels, promoting the values of faith in the apostles, strengthening the values of faith in divine books, promoting the values of faith in fate, its good and its evil, and the instrument as a whole) were high as well. The researcher recommended paying attention to the values of faith in educational and educational programs,he also recommended the inclusion of areas of religious values in the Ministry of Education's curricula, stressing the need to continuously evaluate the areas of religious values that students have acquired, and to conduct more studies at different stages of study to identify the effects of religious values on students' behavior and its reflection on society.
The stages of interpretation among Jewish scholars and philosopher (A comparative study)
Authors: Bashir Saad , Mahmoud Farhan
Published: March 2023

It is significant to state that the phenomenon of interpreting sacred texts is one of the ancient phenomena and one of the most important topics that the Jewish philosophers have been concerned with. Since  their holy book was interpreted by the clergy, that is, the Talmudic rabbis, as it is explained by the Jewish philosophers, and they confirmed that the texts of their Bible are ambiguous and need some clarification. The methods that their philosophers used in interpreting the sacred text is the symbolic method, which aims to extract the inner meaning of the text, and they considered that the process of interpretation is carried out only by those with supreme  end minds from scholars and philosophers.
The Answers of Al-Qaduri to the Inference of the Violators with the Verses of the Rulings through the book of abstraction: The Revocable Divorce as a Model
Authors: Abbas Hussein , Mikhlif Ahmed
Published: March 2023

The research deals with Qudduri’s answers to the inference of the violators with the verses of the rulings in the revocable divorce, and its impact on the family and society. Then how to treat it, and reduce it to the extent of its spread between the spouses, in terms of the legal rulings resulting from it. The jurists (may God have mercy on them), and their evidence, and discuss them to reach the most correct opinion.

The most prominent findings of this study are:

• Imam al-Qudduri (may God have mercy on him) attained a high scholarly status until he became the head of the school of thought in Iraq, and al-Dhabi said about him that he was called the Hanafi sheikh.

• That who are the foundations upon which society and husbands are based, is the love and affection between the spouses that brings out a good generation from their home, and divorce spoils that because of the dispersal of the family, but the Shari’a permitted it for the benefit of the lack of compatibility between the spouses, and I legitimized the retroactive divorce to give the husband an opportunity to consider what he has done.

• Return is obtained by word and deed, provided that the action is combined with the intention.

• Witnessing the return has become necessary to preserve the limits of Allah Almighty, and to establish rights between spouses
The Fitnah of Al-Ahlas and Al-Dhaima in the Noble Hadith : An Objective Analytical study
Authors: Ahmed Miqdad
Published: March 2023

This paper shows the following concepts: 

1- Undoubtedly, the knowledge of the Prophet’s hadith is the highest and most beneficial of sciences after the Holy Qur’an, the foundation of Sharia and the pillars of faith, and whoever God Almighty wants good for him, protects him from bad and good, understands to collect them, edits them and decides them, is sincere in that intention and action. Avoiding the path of error and error, for it is from the mercy of  Allah  Almighty that He sent in this nation a Messenger with the religion of God who teaches them and guides them to everything that benefits them, and warns them of everything that harms them.

2- Allah Almighty has prepared for the Prophet’s hadith those who memorize, collect and purify it. These are the generation of the Qur’an who graduated from the school of the Master of the Messengers - may Allah’s prayers and peace be upon him - and the reason for choosing this topic was the large number of temptations and their occurrence in this time, and the Prophet (peace and blessings of  Allah  be upon him) reported about them. I chose the topic of my research entitled “The Fitnah of Al-Ahlas and Al-Dhaima in the Noble Hadith – an objective and analytical study.”

3-Fitnah is a test, a test, and a trial.

4- The news of the Prophet - may  Allah  bless him and grant him peace - about the temptations that occur at the end of time
Dr. Asaad Houmd and his Approach to the Causes of Revelation in his Interpretation of the Easiest Interpretations
Authors: Hussein Omar , Hammoud Hazem
Published: March 2023

The reason for the revelation is a story that the Qur’an derives from the reality presented by the Holy Qur’an based on stories that occurred in the time of the Prophet Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, or a question people asked of the Holy Prophet. According to the reader and the listener, it is a preparation for the reader and an incentive for the Noble Qur’anic text. That is why we find many interpreters issuing it and presenting it in their interpretations, to make it the first thing mentioned in Their study of the Qur’anic texts, as they mention them on the occasion of the revelation of this Qur’anic text to what came before it and what comes after it. This science is considered a completely independent science, with its theories and codified applications, knowing that it is not cut off from the other sciences, rather all of these sciences are integrated into one destination except. It is the service of the Book of Allah Almighty, the Noble Qur’an, and for the reason of the revelation there are many benefits that the reader cannot dispense with in any case, as I touched on all these points in this research in detail and in detail.
Euyun almaeani nazam nukhbat alfikr fi mustalah 'ahl al'athar lilhafiz abn hajar (t 852hi) nazam alshaykh shihab aldiyn 'ahmad bin sadaqat alsayrafia alshaafieiu aleasqalania (t 905hi) dirasat watahqiq
Authors: Jawad Amin Aziz
Published: March 2023

Hadith scholars paid great attention to the text of “Nukhbat al-Fikr fi Mutrimath Ahl al-Athar” by Al-Hafiz Ibn Hajar Al-Asqalani (d. , Sheikh Shihab al-Din Ahmad bin Sadaqa al-Sayrafi al-Shafi’i al-Asqalani al-Qahri (d. 905 AH), as the body of the elite was organized in a system from the Sea of Rajz that amounted to two hundred and twenty-five verses, and this research is a study and investigation of this system, and an indication of its approach and importance in the sciences of the term hadith, with the definition of its organizer and an overview From his life, scientific biography and writings.
THE LEVEL OF INCLUSION OF IDEOLOGICAL AND ECONOMIC VALUES IN ISLAMIC EDUCATION BOOKS FOR THE PREPARATORY STAGE (VOCATIONAL) IN THE REPUBLIC OF IRAQ
Authors: AHMED KASIM
Published: March 2023

This study aimed to identify the degree of embedding the ideological and economic values in Islamic education books for the preparatory stage (vocational) in the Republic of Iraq, and the study used the descriptive analytical method. A list of doctrinal and economic values was used in Islamic education books for the preparatory stage of the researcher's preparation as a tool for study, the sample of the study consisted of (40) teachers of Islamic education courses for the preparatory stage in the Republic of Iraq. The study reached several conclusions: the degree of the inclusion of ideological values in the books of Islamic education for the preparatory stage (large) with a mean (3.613), and the degree of the inclusion of economic values in the books of Islamic education for the preparatory stage also (large) with an average of (3.79), the study also proved the existence of statistically significant differences in the opinions of specialists on the degree of the inclusion of educational values in the books of Islamic education for the preparatory stage (vocational) in Iraq, due to the variable of the gender in favor to (female). The study recommended the need to pay attention to the qualification and training of teachers on an ongoing basis, and urged them to the importance of mastery in the provision of scientific information coupled with practical application as much as possible so that education is more influential in the hearts of students. Complementing this study, the study suggested studying the impact of the school physical and social environment on motivating students to have the various educational values ​​they learn in schools and the effect of that environment on learning in general.
Analysis of Elliptical-Jet Acoustic Directivity and Efficiency Using a Vortex-Sheet-Based Wave-Packet Model
Authors: Suzuki Naia , Nogueira Petronio , Edgington-Mitchell Daniel
Published: March 2023

The hydrodynamic characteristics and associated far-field acoustics of installed elliptical jets were studied using linear models based on the Navier–Stokes equations. A compressible elliptical vortex-sheet model predicted that the growth rates of the varicose [Formula: see text] and wagging [Formula: see text] modes decreased with the aspect ratio, whereas the growth rate of the flapping [Formula: see text] mode increased, which was consistent with previous studies using finite-thickness stability models. Using a propagation model adapted from the Lighthill acoustic analogy, it was found that the acoustic efficiency of the “varicose” [Formula: see text] mode is significantly higher than the “flapping” [Formula: see text] and “wagging” [Formula: see text] modes for both free- and installed jets. Increasing the aspect ratio of the elliptical jet produces a slight reduction in sound for the [Formula: see text] mode, a significant decrease in the [Formula: see text] mode, and a significant increase for the [Formula: see text] mode. A similar trend was observed for the installed case. An exponential relationship between the jet–plate distance and scattered sound was found for elliptical jets, as observed for circular jets. Other geometric parameters such as the orientation angle of the ellipse were also analyzed.
Experimental Investigation of the Hypersonic Boundary-Layer Transition Induced by the Wall-Mounted Cylinder
Authors: Xiong Haoxi , Xu Xiwang , Yi Shihe , Nie Liang , Li Yu
Published: March 2023

The flowfield structure, heat flux distribution, and pressure fluctuations of the wall-mounted cylinder-induced hypersonic boundary-layer transition are investigated at a 10 deg angle of attack. Experiments are conducted in a Mach 6 low-noise wind tunnel using the nanotracer-based planar laser scattering (NPLS) technique, temperature-sensitive paints (TSP), and high-frequency pressure sensors. First, the streamwise and spanwise NPLS images, TSP results, and power spectral density results of isolated cylinders at different heights show that with the increase of the cylinder height [Formula: see text], the size of the separated region and the spanwise width of the horseshoe vortex increase, and the transition moves forward. Second, the flowfield structure and wall heat flux distribution around the streamwise cylinder arrays are investigated. The results demonstrate that the downstream cylinder will destroy the development of the hairpin vortex in the upstream cylinder wake but will expand the horseshoe vortex to both sides, increasing the influence area of the cylinder.
Fractional Dual-Phase-Lag Non-Fourier Heat Transfer in a Bimaterial with a Circular Interface Insulator
Authors: Zhang Xue-Yang , Hu Ying , Li Xian-Fang
Published: March 2023

The transient temperature response of a bimaterial with a circular insulated interface region is studied under sudden heating or cooling. The time-fractional dual-phase-lag heat conduction model is adopted to simulate the non-Fourier effect. The problem is reduced to an initial-boundary value problem. The Laplace transform is applied to convert the problem to a mixed boundary value problem, and then the Hankel transform reduces it to a Fredholm integral equation. Special situations for asymptotic thermal behavior near the insulated circular edge and for the steady-state cases are discussed, respectively. The dynamic intensity factors of heat flux and temperature gradient near the insulated circular edge are computed numerically through Stehfest’s Laplace inversion transform technique. The influences of fractional order and relaxation times on the instantaneous temperature change are analyzed. The exact solution of temperature fields for the steady-state case is derived and displayed graphically. The wave-like diffusion behavior of the fractional dual-phase-lag model is interpreted.
Чер ‘земля’ в паремиях тувинцев
Authors: Сувандии Надежда Дарыевна
Published: March 2023

В статье рассматривается концепт тувинской культуры чер ‘земля’, значения и аспекты которого анализируются по текстам пословиц и поговорок из разных сборников. В отличие от других лингвокультурологов, которые ориентированы на изучение концепта «родная земля, Родина» (в тув. яз. төрээн чер, төрээн чурт), автор обсуждает более широкий по охвату концепт. Работа выполнена в рамках изучения основных концептов, составляющих тезаурус тувинской культуры.

В том числе отмечается разница между смыслами терминов чер и чурт, которая практически не обсуждается филологами.

Один из аспектов концепта чер выражает тему близости земли к человеку, родственной связи между ними: земля — это мать, это родная сторона. В другом аспекте представления о земле в пословицах также содержат понимание ее плодородия. Поскольку земля имела огромное значение для тувинцев, то ее качества, характеристики постоянно сравнивались с тем, что делает человек, или каким он является.
Образы родной земли в музыкально-песенной культуре тувинцев
Authors: Санчай Чойган Херел-ооловна
Published: March 2023

В статье представлены результаты анализа образа родной земли в музыкально-песенной культуре тувинцев и его изменений в разные периоды истории (с начала XX в. и до сегодняшнего дня). Рассматриваются образы родной земли (торээн чер) в народных песнях, авторских песнях по народным мотивам, тувинских песнях советского и постсоветского времени. Источниками выступили тексты песен на тувинском языке из сборников разных лет, а также отдельные песни, в том числе два гимна Республики Тыва: «Тооруктуг долгай Таңдым» («Ореховая тайга») (1993–2011 гг.) и «Мен, тыва мен» («Я — тувинец») (2011 год — до настоящего времени).

В народных песнях образы родных мест конкретизированы, эмоционально окрашены. Это места, где живет человек, которые представляются кормильцами, стражами, хранителями. С родными местами человек открыт, делится чувствами, он ими любуется, жалуется, делится горестями, а природа сочувствует ему. В авторских песнях по народным мотивам, которые появились с 1930-х гг., мы можем увидеть расширение кругозора певца — с локальной местности до всей Тувы, а также появления коллективного субъекта — «мы». В советских тувинских песнях уже почти нет лирического певца и его трепетного отношения к родным местам. Они рассматриваются как природа, которую человек должен покорить, подчинить своей воле для того, чтобы стать счастливым и успешным. Родиной (торээн чурт) называется Советский Союз.

В тувинских песнях в постсоветское время под родными местами снова стала пониматься только Тува. Она стала воспеваться лирично, с подчеркиванием этничности, этнической идентичности тувинцев. В песнях пропал образ огромной страны, пропали мотивы покорения и пр., но вернулись сюжеты единения, родственной связи людей и земли. Это также отразилось и в главной песне Тувы — государственном гимне.
Традиционное и модернизационное в конструировании ценностных оснований жизненных перспектив молодежи (Тува и другие регионы)
Authors: Ноянзина Оксана Евгеньевна , Максимова Светлана Геннадьевна , Омельченко Дарья Алексеевна
Published: March 2023

Целью данной статьи является исследование жизненных перспектив и ценностных ори­ентаций молодежи, проживающей в Республике Тыва, в сравнении с показателями молодежи других регионов Сибирского федерального округа. Проблема рассматривается в контексте обсуждения духовной безопасности как интегрального состояния общественного сознания и функционирования общественных институтов, которые обеспечивают удо­влетворение куль­турных и духовных потребностей общества.

Анализируются результаты социологического исследования (опроса на основе струк­турированного онлайн-интервью) 2022 г., которое охватывало десять регионов Си­бирского федерального округа, включая Республику Тыва. Объем выборочной совокупности составил 5 000 человек (n = 500 в каждом регионе, население в возрасте от 14 до 35 лет).

Жизненные цели молодежи Тувы воспроизводили паттерн, характерный для всей моло­дежи округа: материальное обеспечение — образование — карьерный рост — создание семьи — профессиональный успех. Основной акцент ставился на обеспечении ма­териаль­ных основ жизни. Конфигурация ценностей молодежи Тувы отличалась не только ко­личеством факторов, но и их содержанием. На первом месте у молодежи Тувы располагался фактор патриотизма. Он проявлялся в мнениях о символических и реальных «врагах», о любви к Родине, был сопряжен с важностью сохранения духовного наследия свое­го народа. Безусловно, это можно считать национальной особенностью республики. Если общая ценностная структура для Сибирского федерального округа имела четкие смысловые различия по сферам их реализа­ции, то в созна­нии молодежи Тувы эти ценности являлись взаимодополняющими.

Полученные данные подтвердили предположения об особом переплетении традицион­ного и модернизационного в образе жизни молодого населения Республики Тыва.
Apophatic Prolegomena to Possible Future Psychology
Authors: Fedorov A. A.
Published: March 2023

This scriptum is an attempt to apophatically describe the characteristics that possible future psychology should not possess. Five following characteristics have been highlighted. Firstly, future psychology should abandon its name. Secondly, future psychology will not be a science, but a technological discipline. Thirdly, it should not be a discipline immersed in its own history. Fourthly, it should be a non-reflective science. And lastly, future possible science-oriented psychology should be a field of knowledge where measurement precedes calculation.
Infecção pela Covid-19 em populações indígenas no Amazonas
Authors: Brito Patrícia Leite , Souza Lucas Silva Santiago de , Gomes Paulo Henrique Costa , Diniz Hugo de Souza
Published: March 2023

Objetivo: Identificar o impacto da pandemia da COVID-19 sobre as populações indígenas do Amazonas. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo retrospectivo/descritivo, de base epidemiológica e quantitativo, utilizando dados secundários da Fundação de Vigilância em Saúde do Amazonas para elaboração de gráficos e tabelas que ilustram os resultados encontrados. Resultados: Até dezembro de 2022, 21.415 casos da COVID-19 foram notificados em indígenas no estado do Amazonas, sendo mais acometido o sexo masculino nas faixas etárias acima de 40 anos e o sexo feminino nas faixas etárias de 10 a 39 anos. Os sintomas mais descritos foram tosse e febre, e ocorreram 335 óbitos, sendo 1,6 % de taxa de letalidade. Conclusão: O estado do Amazonas, com a maior população indígena do território Brasileiro, apresentou elevada taxa de infecção pelo vírus SARS-CoV-2, hospitalização e óbito, relacionado com as dificuldades geográficas, logísticas e de acesso aos recursos de saúde nessa população, que é considerada vulnerável. Esperamos que esse estudo possa contribuir para o melhor conhecimento das necessidades dessa população e equilibrar as diferenças existentes na saúde, quando comparados às demais populações não indígenas.
Perfil de mulheres que utilizaram contraceptivo de emergência em Unidades Básicas de Saúde no interior da Amazônia, Pará, Brasil
Authors: Silva Vanessa Wayne Palhares da , Silva Erika Hellen Viana , Soares Deliane dos Santos , Meschede Marina Smidt Celere , Silva Flávia Garcez da
Published: March 2023

Objetivo: Realizar levantamento do perfil epidemiológico de mulheres que utilizaram contraceptivo de emergência (CE) em duas Unidades Básicas de Saúde (UBS) em uma cidade do oeste do Estado do Pará. Métodos: Trata-se de uma pesquisa quantitativa, descritiva e exploratória que utilizou questionários contendo perguntas fechadas. Ao todo foram entrevistas 143 mulheres nas UBS selecionadas e que utilizaram o CE. Resultados: O perfil epidemiológico das entrevistadas evidenciou idade entre 18 a 42 anos, a maioria com 21 a 25 anos (28%). Quanto a escolaridade, a maior parte delas, apresentavam ensino médio completo (45,4%) e haviam utilizado outros métodos contraceptivos como preservativo e anticoncepcional (53,1%). Quanto à frequência, 35% mulheres entrevistadas utilizaram o CE em até 4 vezes ao mês devido a ocorrência de relação sexual desprotegida. O conhecimento para o uso CE foi preferencialmente por orientação de amigos e familiares (44%) ou automedicação (26%). Conclusão: O CE é um método utilizado por mulheres atendidas nas UBS investigadas e requer orientações para esse público alvo por profissionais de saúde, a fim de garantir que a sua utilização não seja regular e sim emergencial, bem como, a importância da utilização de proteções corretas contra as infecções sexualmente transmissíveis.
Spinal cord stimulation: A novel approach to pain management in Dercum’s disease
Authors: Rogowski Brandon C. , Bharthi Rosh , Zaki Peter G. , Moran Michael , Cunningham Coby J. , Esplin Nathan , Kusyk Dorian Mateusz , Tomycz Nestor D.
Published: March 2023

Background:

Dercum’s Disease (DD) is a rare chronic pain syndrome in which patients experience extreme burning pain associated with subcutaneous lipomatous tissue deposits. These patients may also present with; weakness, psychiatric symptoms, metabolic derangements, sleep disturbance, impaired memory, and easy bruising. Common risk factors for DD include: obesity, Caucasian race, and female sex. The etiology of DD remains under debate while it has proven highly resistant to treatment (i.e., requiring high doses of opioids for adequate pain management).

Case Description:

A 48-year-old female with DD and a prior spinal cord stimulator (SCS) placed for chronic back pain, presented with recurrent back pain, and increased falling. Surgery to replace her SCS resulted in improvement in her back pain and a decreased incidence of falls. Furthermore, she noticed significant improvement in the burning pain attributed to her subcutaneous nodules; this most markedly occurred at and below the level of stimulator placement.

Conclusion:

A 48-year-old female with the extremely rare condition, DD experienced dramatic reduction in her pain following the successful revision of her SCS.
Danimarka ve İsveç İçin İşsizlik Histerisi Hipotezinin Test Edilmesi
Authors: ERDOĞMUŞ Mehmet
Published: March 2023

Bu çalışma Danimarka ve İsveç için işsizlik histerisi hipotezinin geçerliliğini sınamaktadır. Ampirik analiz için gerekli işsizlik oranı verileri OECD veri tabanından sağlanmıştır. Analiz dönemi (OECD veri tabanındaki veri mevcudiyetine bağlı olarak) Danimarka için 1969–2022 dönemini, İsveç için ise 1960–2022 dönemini kapsamaktadır. Çalışmada yıllık frekanslı veriler kullanılmıştır. Yıllık frekanslı verilerin seçilme nedeni mevsimsel etkilerden kaçınmaktır. İşsizlik oranı verileri ham haliyle kullanılmamıştır. Analizde lojistik dönüşümlü işsizlik oranları dikkate alınmıştır. Çalışmada lojistik dönüşümlü işsizlik oranı serilerinin durağan olup olmadığı araştırılmıştır. Danimarka verileri için Kapetanios vd. (2003) tarafından önerilen doğrusal olmayan birim kök testi ve Hepsag (2021) tarafından önerilen doğrusal olmayan birim kök testi uygulanmıştır. Hepsag (2021) tarafından önerilen testin Kapetanios vd. (2003) çalışmasında önerilen testten genel olarak daha güçlü olması nedeniyle Hepsag (2021) tarafından önerilen birim kök testinin sonucu dikkate alınmıştır. İsveç için ise hem bazı geleneksel testler [ADF birim kök testi, Elliott vd. (1996) tarafından önerilen birim kök testi, Kwiatkowski vd. (1992) tarafından önerilen durağanlık testi, Phillips ve Perron (1988) tarafından önerilen birim kök testi] hem de Carrion-i-Silvestre ve Sansó (2007) tarafından önerilen ve yapısal kırılmaları dikkate alan durağanlık testi uygulanmıştır. Bunlar arasından Carrion-i-Silvestre ve Sansó (2007) tarafından önerilen testin sonucu dikkate alınmıştır. Ampirik analiz neticesinde Danimarka ve İsveç için işsizlik histerisi hipotezinin geçerli olmadığı sonucuna varılmıştır. Ayrıca çalışmada politika yapıcılar için önemli önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
Electroreductive Desulfurative Transformations with Thioethers as Alkyl Radical Precursors
Authors: Kuzmin Julius , Röckl Johannes D. , Schwarz Nils , Djossou Jonas , Ahumada Guillermo , Ahlquist Mårten , Lundberg Helena
Published: March 2023

Herein, the use of aryl alkyl thioethers as precursors for C-centered alkyl radicals is demonstrated for desulfurative C-H and C-C bond formation under electroreductive conditions. The transformations occur with complete selectivity for C(sp3)-S bond cleavage, orthogonal to that of transition metal-catalyzed two-electron routes. Experimental and theoretical studies provide mechanistic insights that serve as a steppingstone for future use of thioethers as efficient radical precursors that can outcompete their established sulfone analogues.
Phase quantification of heterogeneous surfaces using DFT simulated valence band photoemission spectra
Authors: Lee Roxy , Quesada-Cabrera Raul , Willis Joe , Iqbal Asif , Parkin Ivan , Scanlon David , Palgrave Robert
Published: March 2023

Quantifying the crystallographic phases present at a surface is an important challenge in fields such as functional materials and surface science. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) is routinely employed in surface characterisation to identify and quantify chemical species through core line analysis. Valence band (VB) spectra contain characteristic but complex features that provide information on the electronic density of states (DoS) and thus can be understood theoretically using density functional theory (DFT). Here we present a method of fitting experimental photoemission spectra with DFT models for quantitative analysis of heterogeneous systems, specifically, mapping the anatase to rutile ratio across the surface of mixed-phase TiO2 thin films. The results were correlated with mapped photocatalytic activity measured using a resazurin based smart ink. This method allows large-scale functional and surface composition mapping in heterogeneous systems, and demonstrates the unique insights gained from DFT-simulated spectra on the electronic structure origins of complex VB spectral features.
Preparation of artificial gold metalloenzymes with enantioselective reductase-like activity by combining genetic engineering and protein chemistry
Authors: Garcia-Sanz Carla , de las Rivas Blanca , Palomo Jose M.
Published: March 2023

The conjugation of Au complexes with proteins and enzymes, generating new types of artificial metalloenzymes, has proven to be interesting and effective to obtain materials with improved properties such as higher stability, catalytic activity and selectivity. In this work, a novel method has been developed for the synthesis and design of artificial gold metalloenzymes at 50ºC in aqueous media, using two genetically modified variants of the alkalophilic lipase Geobacillus thermocatenulatus (GTL). The only difference between these two enzymatic variants is the possible coordination of the Au via active site (GTL-114) or Lid site (GTL-193). TEM analysis of the metalloenzymes revealed the formation of Au (0) nanoparticles with different structures (nanowires, nanorods, nanoshells, nanoclusters) and sizes depending on the mutant and the pH used during the synthesis. Characterisation by fluorescence spectroscopy demonstrated that conjugation of the enzyme to Au altered the tertiary structure of the protein. On the other hand, all metalloenzymes showed excellent reductase like activity. Finally, the selectivity of the enzyme-Au bioconjugates was tested in the asymmetric reduction of acetophenone to 1-phenylethanol in aqueous medium at room temperature. The protein environment played a key role in the reactivity and selectivity of the metalloenzymes, obtaining chiral nanoparticles with an enantiomeric excess of up to 39% towards (R)-1-phenylethanol after two hours of reaction using GTL-114 pH 10 as catalyst.
Benchmarking protein structure predictors to assist machine learning-guided peptide discovery
Authors: Aldas-Bulos Victor Daniel , Plisson Fabien
Published: March 2023

Machine learning models provide an informed and efficient strategy to create novel peptide and protein sequences with the desired profiles. Nevertheless, they are primarily trained on sequences where the tridimensional structures of peptides and proteins are often overlooked. We need a fast and reliable approach to estimate the structural diversity of medium-large training sets before building models. This study benchmarked four protein structure prediction methods (Jpred4, PEP2D, PSIPRED, AlphaFold2) using 261 curated and experimentally known structures from the PDBe database. We applied our best predictor to map the structural landscape of GRAMPA, the giant and vastly uncharted repository of 5,980 antimicrobial peptides. The dataset was predominantly made of loose helices (65.1%), followed by random coils (17.8%), and β-stranded and mixed structures accounted for the rest.
Phosphonated glycans as post-translational modifications of proteins in velvet worm slime
Authors: Poulhazan Alexander , Baer Alexander , Daliaho Gagan , Mentink-Vigier Frederic , Arnold Alexandre , Browne Darren , Hering Lars , Archer-Hartmann Stephanie , Pepi Lauren , Azadi Parastoo , Schmidt Stephan , Mayer Georg , Marcotte Isabelle , Harrington Matthew
Published: March 2023

To capture prey, onychophorans (velvet worms) expel a slime that forms stiff fibers upon shearing and dehydration. The high quantities of phosphorus previously found in the slime of the velvet worm Euperipatoides rowelli were ascribed to protein phosphorylation. We provide clear evidence, instead, that it is primarily present as phosphonate moieties in the slime of representative from both major onychophoran subgroups which diverged ~380 MYA. Advanced NMR and mass spectrometry demonstrate that 2-aminoethyl phosphonate (2-AEP) is associated with high molecular weight slime proteins as phosphonoglycans. Biogenic phosphonates are a substantial component of the organophosphorus cycle in marine environments but were not previously reported in terrestrial invertebrates. The evolutionary conservation of this rare protein modification suggests a potential role in the formation and function of these biological adhesive fibers with implications for bio-inspiration.
RT-Tranformer: Retention Time Prediction for Metabolite Annotation to Assist in Metabolite Identification
Authors: xue jun , Wang Bingyi , li Weihua
Published: March 2023

Liquid chromatography retention times (RTs) prediction can assist in metabolite identification, which is a critical task and challenge in non-targeted metabolomics. However, different chromatographic methods (CM) may result in different RTs for the same metabolite. Current RT prediction methods lack sufficient scalability to transfer from one specific chromatographic method to another. Therefore, we present RT-Transformer, a novel deep neural network model coupled with 1D-Transformer and graph attention network (GAT) that can predict RTs under any chromatographic methods. First, we obtain a pre-trained model by training RT-Transformer on the large small molecule retention time (SMRT) dataset containing 80038 molecules, and then project the resulting model onto different chromatographic methods based on transfer learning. When tested on the METLIN dataset, as other authors did, the average absolute error reached 27.3 after removing samples with retention times fewer than five minutes. Still, it reached 33.5 when no samples were removed. The pre-trained RT-Transformer was further transferred to 5 datasets corresponding to different chromatographic conditions and fine-tuned. According to the experimental results, RT-Transformer achieves competitive performance compared to state-of-the-art methods. In addition, RT-Transformer was applied to 30 external molecular RT datasets. Extensive evaluations indicate that RT-Transformer has excellent scalability in predicting RTs for liquid chromatography and improves the accuracy of metabolite identification.
Structural Characterization and Reactivity of a Room Temperature-Stable, Antiaromatic Cyclopentadienyl Cation Salt
Authors: Schulte Yannick , Wölper Christoph , Rupf Susanne M. , Malischewski Moritz , Haberhauer Gebhard , Schulz Stephan
Published: March 2023

The singlet states of cyclopentadienyl (Cp) cations are considered as true prototypes of an antiaromatic system. Due to their high reactivity, their isolation in the solid state as a salt has so far failed. We present here the synthesis of the first room temperature-stable Cp cation salt Cp(C6F5)5Sb3F16 (1·Sb3F16) by single electron oxidation of the corresponding Cp radical Cp(C6F5)5∙ (2) with either an excess of XeF2 and SbF5·SO2 or by hydroxide abstraction from Cp(C6F5)5OH (D) with SbF5·SO2 in hexafluorobenzene. 1·Sb3F16 was characterized by sc-XRD, SQUID, UV-vis, and EPR spectroscopy. Although the aromatic triplet state of the Cp(C6F5)5 cation 1 is energetically favored in the gas phase according to quantum chemical calculations, the coordination of the cation by either Sb3F16⁻ (1a·Sb3F16) or C6F6 (1b·Sb3F16) in the crystal lattice stabilizes the antiaromatic singlet state, which is present in the solid state. The calculated hydride and fluoride ion affinities of 1 are higher than those of the tritylium cation C(C6F5)3+. In addition, results from reactions of 1·Sb3F16 with CO, which most likely yields the corresponding carbonyl complex, and 2 with selected model substrates (Cp2Fe, (Ph3C∙)2, and Cp*Al) are presented.
DrugEx: Deep Learning Models and Tools for Exploration of Drug-like Chemical Space
Authors: Sicho Martin , Luukkonen Sohvi , van den Maagdenberg Helle W. , Schoenmaker Linde , Béquignon Olivier J.M. , van Westen Gerard J.P.
Published: March 2023

The discovery of novel molecules with desirable properties is a classic challenge in medicinal chemistry. With the recent advancements of machine learning, there has been a surge of de novo drug design tools. However, few resources exist that are both user-friendly as well as easily customisable. In this application note, we present the new versatile open-source software package DrugEx for multi-objective reinforcement learning. This package contains the consolidated and redesigned scripts from the prior DrugEx papers including multiple generator architectures and a variety of scoring tools and multi-objective optimisation methods. It has a flexible application programming interface and can readily be used via the command line interface or the graphical user interface GenUI. The DrugEx package is publicly available at https://github.com/CDDLeiden/DrugEx