bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Evaluation of the Enhanced Cognitive-Behavioral Model of Bulimia Nervosa in Iranian Student Women
Authors: Moloodi Reza , Mahmoodi Maryam , Mohammadpour Zinat , Naghashian Farnush , Alasti Haniye , babai Zahra , Saleh Zeinab , Ahmadi Paria , Barani Masoumeh
Published: January 2022

Background: The original and enhanced cognitive-behavioral model of bulimia nervosa model has yet to be evaluated among women of Eastern socities. Thus, the current study aimed to investigate the validity of original and enhanced version of CB-BN model in a sample of Iranian student women. Methods: Five hundred sixteen student women completed a bttery of questionnaires. Results: Fit indices idicated that both the original and enhanced models provided a good fit to the data. In the original model, overvaluation of shape and weight and associated with dietary restraint and Binge Eating. Binge eating and dietary restraint correlated with purging. In the enhanced model, significant path was observed between self-esteem and overvaluation of shape and weight; clinical perfectionism and overvaluation of shape and weight; Overvaluation of shape and weight and dietary restraint; Overvaluation of shape and weight and binge eating; binge eating and purging; dietary restraint and purging; and interpersonal problems and binge eating. Discussion: Altough, the present study verifyes some aspects of CB-BN models in Irnaian women students, some key relationships in the model were not confirmed, including the relationship between dietary restraint and binge eating.
Oral Health Status and Dental Problems Among the Refugees in Karatepe Refugee Camp in Lesvos, Greece: a Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Alhaffar MHD Bahaa Aldin , Alhaffar MHD Alaa Aldin , janos sandor
Published: January 2022

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Synthesis of ZnO and CuO nanoparticles via Sol gel method and Its Characterization by using XRD and FT-IR Analysis
Authors: Patel Monika , Mishra Sunita , Verma Ruchi , Shikha Deep
Published: January 2022

Nanotechnology is a completely unique branch of technology that offers with substances in a very small size between (1-100 nm) with various crystal shapes which include spherical nanoparticles, flower shaped, Nano rods, Nano ribbons, and Nano platelets. Metals have ability to produce large number of oxides. These metal oxides play an major role in many areas of chemistry, physics, material science and food science. In this research, Zinc Oxide (ZnO) and Copper (II) oxide nanoparticles were synthesized via sol-gel process using zinc nitrate and copper (II) nitrate as precursor respectively. The characterization of CuO and ZnO nanoparticles was done by using various techniques. X-ray Diffraction (XRD) indicates the crystallinity and crystal size of CuO and ZnO nanoparticle. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) was used to get the infrared spectrum of the sample indicating composition of the sample which contains various functional groups. XRD result shows the particle size of CuO at highest peak 29.40140 was 61.25 nm and the particle size of ZnO at highest peak 36.24760 was 21.82 nm. FT-IR spectra peak at 594.56 cm-1 indicated characteristic absorption bands of ZnO nanoparticles and the broad band peak at 3506.9 cm-1 can be attributed to the characteristic absorption of O-H group. The analysis of FT-IR spectrum of CuO shows peaks at 602.09, 678.39, and 730.19cm−1 which refer to the formation of CuO. A broad absorption peak noticed at 3308.2 cm−1 attributed to O–H stretching of the moisture content.
Health Committees as Vehicles for Democratic Governance in Health Systems: Lessons from Selected Health Unit Management Committees in Uganda
Authors: Mulumba Moses , Roelens Kristien , London Leslie , Ruano Lorena
Published: January 2022

Introduction: For over forty years, community participation has been a central component of a well-functioning health system. Despite its important role there are many difficulties in defining and understanding community participation as part of governance. Through a case study of selected health unit management committees in Uganda, this paper demonstrates that these committees can be structures for community participation and vehicles for democratic governance in health systems that advance health equity. Guided by the theoretical underpinnings of deliberative democracy the paper evaluates the performance of health unit management committees as a mechanism for citizen participation in health systems. Methods: This paper uses a qualitative, case-study methodology. Through an in-depth look at the health unit management committees of Kiboga and Kyankwanzi in Uganda, the study considered these as examples of structures for democratic community participation in health system. The study undertook literature review on the theories of deliberative democracy and human rights principles, and this provided the theoretical underpinnings of the study. Findings: Our findings underscore that community participation in health systems through health unit management committees ought to be grounded in the principles of deliberative democracy. The core of deliberative democracy is considered to be authentic deliberation and consensus decision-making, which can happen in both direct and representative democracies, giving rise to the notions of populist and elitist deliberative democracy, respectively. As such, a balance needs to be struck between the competitive notions of democracy and the public health requirements of inclusive and direct participation of communities in decision making processes on matters that affect their health. Conclusions: Community participation in the health sector in Uganda hinges on health unit management committees at the lower service provision points. These HUMCs are also perceived as vehicles to strengthen health governance through realizing the right to health of the communities. However, these have been established without attention to investing in capacity building needed to enable them to exercise community voice in the health system.
Prediction of distant metastasis of spinal and pelvic osteosarcoma by constructing and validating nomogram:a retrospective study based on SEER database
Authors: Lin Yu , Wang Zhenyu , Chen Gang , Liu Wenge
Published: January 2022

Background:Spinal and pelvic osteosarcoma is a rare type of all osteosarcomas,and distant metastasis is an important factor for poor prognosis of this disease. There are no similar studies on prediction of distant metastasis of spinal and pelvic osteosarcoma. We aim to construct and validate a nomogram to predict the risk of distant metastasis of spinal and pelvic osteosarcoma.Methods:We collected the data on patients with spinal and pelvic osteosarcoma from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results(SEER) database retrospectively. The Kaplan-Meier curve was used to compare differences in survival time between patients with metastasis and non-metastasis. Total patients were randomly divided into training cohort and validation cohort. The risk factor of distant metastasis were identified via the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator(LASSO) regression and multivariate logistic analysis. The nomogram we constructed were validated internally and externally by C-index, calibration curves,receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve and Decision curve analysis (DCA).Results:The Kaplan-Meier curve showed that the survival time of non-metastatic patients was longer than that of metastatic patients(P＜0.001).All patients(n=358) were divided into training cohort(n=269) and validation cohort(n=89).The LASSO regression selected five meaningful variables in the training cohort. The multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that surgery(yes,OR=0.175, 95%CI=0.095-0.321,p=0.000) was the independent risk factors for distant metastasis of patients with spinal and pelvic osteosarcoma. The C-index and calibration curves showed the good agreement between the predicted results and the actual results. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUC) values were 0.748(95%CI=0.687-0.817) and 0.758(95%CI=0.631-0.868) in the training and validation cohorts respectively. The DCA showed that the nomogram has a good clinical usefulness and net benefit.Conclusion:No surgery is the independent risk factor of distant metastasis of spinal and pelvic osteosarcoma. The nomogram we constructed to predict the probability of distant metastasis of patients with spinal and pelvic osteosarcoma is reliable and effective by internal and external verification.
Electrocardiographic Features in SCN5A Mutation-Positive Patients with Brugada and Early Repolarization Syndromes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Radford Danny , Chou Oscar Hou In , Bazoukis George , Letsas Konstantinos , Liu Tong , Tse Gary , Lee Sharen
Published: January 2022

Background: Early repolarization syndrome (ERS) and Brugada syndrome (BrS) are both J-wave syndromes. Both can involve mutations in the SCN5A gene but may exhibit distinct electrocardiographic (ECG) differences. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to investigate possible differences in ECG markers between SCN5A positive patients with ERS and BrS. Methods: PubMed and Embase, were searched from their inception to October 20th, 2021 for human studies containing the search terms “SCN5A” and “variant” and “early reporlarization” or “Brugada”, with no language restrictions. Results: A total of 328 studies were identified. After full text screening, 12 studies met our inclusion criteria and were included in this present study. 104 ERS patients (mean age: 30.86 ±14.45) and 2000 BrS patients (mean age: 36.17 ±11.39) were studied. Our meta-analysis found that ERS patients had a significantly lower heart rate (standardized mean difference [SMD]a= 14.69, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 21.43, 7.94, P = 0.0001), shorter QRS duration (SMD = 13.90, 95% CI = 17.16, 10.65, P = 0.0001) and shorter QTc [corrected QT interval] (SDM = 21.52, 95% CI = 33.77, 9.26, P = 0.0006) than BrS patients. Conclusion: BrS patients with positive SCN5A mutations exhibited prolonged QRS, indicating conduction abnormalities, whereas ERS patients with positive SCN5A mutations showed normal QRS. By contrast, whilst QTc intervals were longer in BrS than in ERS SCN5A positive patients, they were within normal limits. Further studies are needed to examine the implications of these findings for arrhythmic risk stratification.
Characteristics of two complex rock and glacier avalanches and RAMMS simulation of a long-runout disaster in the Sedongpu Basin of the Yarlung Zangbo River downstream in October 2018, Tibet, China
Authors: Zhang Tiantian , Yin Yueping , Li Bin , Gao Yang , Wang Meng
Published: January 2022

On October 17 and 29, 2018, two rock and glacier avalanches occurred on the western slope of the Sedongpu Basin upstream of the Yarlung Zangbo River in the Tibetan Plateau, forming the disaster chains and causing damage to many bridges and roads. Based on the comparative analysis of multiple pre-and post-remote sensing images, the initial sliding body, which was composed of rock and glacial material, was located on a steep slope above an elevation of 6000 m. Under the coupling effect of multiple factors such as gravity, rainfall, and weather changes, the initial sliding body detached from the source zone and then transformed into a debris flow after impact and fragmentation. The debris flow traveled downstream and scraped loose glacial till in its path, causing the volume of the sliding body to increase. In addition, the debris flow traveled 10 km under low frictional resistance, as a result of the lubrication via early rainfall and glacial meltwater. Eventually, the debris flow rushed out onto the valley floor, forming a landslide dam and blocking the Yarlung Zangbo River. The deposit volumes on October 17 and 29 were 20.4 million m3 and 10.1 million m3, respectively, with a total mean thickness of ~22m. This study provides an insight into the dynamic process as they unfolded, through multitemporal satellite imagery and numerical simulation. Furthermore, we also discuss the potential cause of rock/ice avalanche and disaster scenarios, as well as the tendency of the rock and glacier avalanches are discussed.
The Activation of Residual Dormant Follicles by Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (HCG) in Vivo: a Novel Treatment for Premature Ovarian Insufficiency
Authors: Chen Xiao , Yu Keda , Liu Hong , Chen Chen , Yu Yuanyuan , Hu Yingying , Li Youjiang , xu Jian
Published: January 2022

BackgroundWith the influence of factors such as ovarian surgery, high-dose radiotherapy and chemotherapy, environmental degradation, and bad living habits, the occurrence of premature ovarian insufficiency(POI) is getting younger and younger, and many young women's ovaries have entered the aging stage earlier. While many studies have investigated the patients with POI, which is still a challenge in reproductive medicine as the treatments available now are not ideal. POI patients have varying amounts of residual dormant follicles in the ovaries. Therefore, it is critical to further our understanding of primordial follicle activation in order to treat.This study aimed to investigate the activation of residual follicles in POI patients with injection of HCG, whether they could obtain embryos and become pregnant.Methods Four patients with POI were pretreated with dehydroepiandrosterone, Coenzyme Q10, estrogen and medroxyprogesterone. The prescribed amounts of estrogen and medroxyprogesterone were adjusted to maintain the level of FSH at ˂15 mIU/ml and the level of LH˂10 mIU/ml. When the treatments failed to induce the appearance of follicles after 3 months, the patients received treatment with 10000 IU of HCG. Results The residual dormant follicles in POI patients can be activated using our approach to obtain embryos and conceive by injection of HCG. ConclusionsPOI patients may conceive their own genetic children by activating dormant follicles in vivo. These findings may represent a new simple and feasible solution for the treatment of patients with POI to conceive their own genetic children.
Clinicopathological Characteristics and Prognostic Factors in Axial Chondroblastomas: A Retrospective Analysis of 61 Cases and Comparison with Extra-Axial Chondroblastomas
Authors: Zheng Bo-Wen , Zheng Bo-Yv , Niu Hua-Qing , Wang Xiao-Bin , Lv Guo-Hua , Li Jing , Zou Ming-Xiang , Ouyang Zhi-Hua
Published: January 2022

Background
The clinical characteristics and prognostic factors of axial chondroblastoma (ACB) are still poorly understood.
Purpose
To characterize clinicopathological characteristics in a large ACB cohort and investigate their correlation with survival. We also sought to compare these results with extra-axial CB (EACB).
Methods
Our institution's local database was retrospectively reviewed and included a total of 132 CB patients, including 61 ACB patients and 71 EACB patients. Immunohistochemistry was used to assess the expression levels of Vimentin (Vim), S100, and cytokeratin (CK) on tumor cells in 132 tissue specimens.
Results
Overall, ACB and EACB had similar characteristics, except for older age and tumor size, as well as higher Vim expression, incidence of surrounding tissue invasion and postoperative sensory or motor dysfunction. Whereas wide resection and absence of invasion of surrounding tissues were consistently associated with favorable survival in the ACB and EACB cohorts in univariate analysis, most parameters showed differential prognostic significance between the 2 groups. Significant prognostic factors for local recurrence-free survival in multivariate analysis included the type of resection and chicken-wire calcification in the ACB cohort. Multivariate analysis of overall survival demonstrated that the type of resection was a significant predictor in the ACB cohort, whereas the type of resection and postoperative sensory or motor dysfunction were predictive of overall survival in the EACB group.
Conclusion
These data suggest that there may be distinct biological behaviors between ACB and EACB and may provide useful information to better understand the prognostic characteristics of patients with ACB and to improve outcome prediction in patients with ACB.
Thermophilic and non-thermophilic Campylobacter species Emits Distinct Volatile Organic Compounds in Different Culture Media and Growth Phases
Authors: Santos Filipe Magnum Silva Dos , Low Kah Hin , Chai Lay Ching
Published: January 2022

Bacteria emits a multitude of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) into the headspace as a mean of interactions with the environments, as well as intra- and interkingdom communication for survival and persistence in the nature and within their hosts. Campylobacter, which is often found in poultry and ruminants, has shown great persistence in aquatic environments, making it one of the world's most dangerous foodborne pathogens, killing thousands of people annually. In this study, the VOCs emitted by both thermophilic (C. jejuni, C. coli and C. lari) and non-thermophilic Campylobacter (C. fetus) of clinical concerns, impacted by nutrients composition (media) and growth phase were identified. Most thermophilic Campylobacter were shown to release volatile alcohols and ketones (1s,4R,7R,11R-1,3,4,7-Tetramethyltricyclo [5.3.1.0(4,11)] undec-2-en-8-one and Isophorone) during early stationary and stationary phases using active sampling with active charcoal adsorbent and GC-MS analysis. C. jejuni cultured in the Brain Heart Infusion had 1-Heptadecanol in its headspace gas, but not in Bolton Broth. The non-thermophilic C. fetus did not produce alcohols or ketones, but rather a variety of unidentified chemicals that will require further investigation in the future. Overall, PCA analysis revealed that the five Campylobacter strains studied created distinct volatilomes, allowing for future Campylobacter identification based on VOCs.
Gut-derived Metabolites Influence Neurodevelopmental Gene Expression and Wnt Signalling Events in a Germ-free Zebrafish Model
Authors: Raay Terry Van , Rea Victoria , Bell Ian
Published: January 2022

Background : Small molecule metabolites produced by the microbiome are known to be neuroactive and are capable of directly impacting the brain and central nervous system, yet there is little data on the contribution of these metabolites to the earliest stages of neural development and neural gene expression. Here, we explore the impact of deriving zebrafish embryos in the absence of microbes on early neural development as well as investigate whether any potential changes can be rescued with treatment of metabolites derived from the zebrafish gut microbiota. Results : Overall, we did not observe any gross morphological changes between treatments but did observe a significant decrease in neural gene expression in embryos raised germ-free, which was rescued with the addition of zebrafish metabolites. Specifically, we identified 354 genes significantly down regulated in germ-free embryos compared to conventionally raised embryos via RNA-Seq analysis. Of these, 42 were rescued with a single treatment of zebrafish gut-derived metabolites to germ-free embryos. Gene ontology analysis revealed that these genes are involved in prominent neurodevelopmental pathways including transcriptional regulation and Wnt signalling. Consistent with the ontology analysis, we found alterations in the development of Wnt dependent events which was rescued in the germ-free embryos treated with metabolites. Conclusions : These findings demonstrate that gut-derived metabolites are in part responsible for regulating critical signalling pathways in the brain, especially during neural development.
Cyclone Amphan effects on the copepods of Ganges estuary
Authors: Paul Sourav , Karan Samya , Bhattacharya Bhaskar Deb
Published: January 2022

Tropical cyclones are increasingly affecting the estuarine communities. Impacts of category-5 tropical cyclone Amphan (landfall on 20 May 2020 near Ganges estuary mouth) on the copepod community of Muriganga section of Ganges estuary was studied by sampling the copepod assemblages before (February to December 2019), shortly after (31 May to 12 June 2020) and post (September to November 2020) cyclone. Hypothesis was shortly after Amphan a relatively homogenous community consists of a few estuarine specialist copepods would succeed but within months that community would be replaced by a heterogenous one but those estuarine specialists would continue their dominance. Shortly after Amphan, species richness declined but the recovery process completed within months led by herbivorous Paracalanus parvus, omnivorous Bestiolina similis, Acartia spinicauda, Acartiella tortaniformis, and carnivorous Oithona brevicornis. Spatial homogeneity of the community that prevailed in Muriganga in pre-Amphan and shorty after Amphan was lost in post-Amphan. Community composition changed from pre- to shortly after to post-Amphan. Unilateral dominance of B. similis observed in pre-Amphan was challenged by P. parvus, A. spinicauda, A. tortaniformis and O. brevicornis shortly after Amphan and in post-Amphan. Acartia spinicauda proliferated shortly after Amphan and co-dominated the estuary along with A. tortaniformis but the latter replaced the former in post-Amphan. Copepods did rebuild their community within a few months from Amphan but experienced rearrangements of species composition, abundance, dominance hierarchy and feeding guilds, which may strain benthic-pelagic linkages of Ganges estuary so shall be monitored regularly by coastal institutions following uniform methods and best practises.
Unintended consequences of patient online access to health records: a qualitative study in UK primary care
Authors: Turner Andrew , Morris Rebecca , McDonagh Lorraine , Hamilton Fiona L. , Blake Sarah , Farr Michelle , Stevenson Fiona , Banks Jon , Atherton Helen , Rakhra Dylan , Lasseter Gemma , Feder Gene , Ziebland Sue , Hyde Emma , Powell John , Horwood Jeremy
Published: January 2022

BackgroundHealth systems around the world are seeking to harness digital tools to promote patient autonomy and increase the efficiency of care. One example of this policy in England is online patient access to full medical records in primary care. Since April 2019, all NHS England patients have had the right to access their full medical record prospectively, and full record access has been the “default position” since April 2020.AimTo identify and understand the unintended consequences of online patient access their medical record.Design and SettingQualitative interview study in 10 general practices in South West and North West England.MethodSemi-structured individual interviews with 13 patients and 16 general practice staff with experience of patient online access to health records.ResultsOnline access generated unintended consequences that negatively impacted patients’ understanding of their health care, for example patients discovering surprising information or information that was difficult to interpret. Online access impacted GPs’ documentation practices, such as when GPs pre-emptively attempted to minimise potential misunderstandings to aid patient understanding of their health care, in other cases, negatively impacting the quality of the records and patient safety when GPs avoided documenting their speculations or concerns. Contrary to assumptions that practice workload would be reduced, online access introduced extra work, such as managing and monitoring access and taking measures to prevent possible harm to patients.ConclusionThe unintended consequences described by both staff and patients show that to achieve the intended consequences set out in NHS policy additional work is necessary to prepare records for sharing and prepare patients about what to expect. It is crucial that practices are adequately supported and resourced to manage the unintended consequences of online access now that it is the default position.
Open defecation: risk factors for adverse outcomes in Indonesia
Authors: Irawaty Dian Kristiani , Utomo Wahyu
Published: January 2022

The increasing number of Indonesian population has caused serious issue of open defecation. Indonesia ranks the second large of open defecation prevalence in the world, after India. Human’s excrement was disposed in trench, drain, terrace, grassland, backwoods, forest, river, lake or other open spaces, thus, contaminates the water system. Open defecation can lead to the increasing risk of transmission of water-boene diseases of child morbidity in Indonesia. This study aimed at exploring different socio-economic and demographic factors of Indonesians who practice open defecation. Data were obtained from 49,627 female respondents of the 2017 Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey. The data were examined utilizing descriptive and logistic regression. The results reveal that the practice of open defecation is significantly influenced by place of residence, household’s wealth quintile, and household’s water supply. The findings suggest the needs for toilet construction and water supply sustainability in public area as well as in poor neighbourhood to eliminate open defecation in the country.
Characterization of NADP-dependent L-arginine dehydrogenase as a novel amino acid dehydrogenase and its application to an L-arginine assay
Authors: Ohshima Toshihisa , Ohmori Taketo , Tanaka Masaki
Published: January 2022

L-Arginine dehydrogenase (L-ArgDH, EC 1.4.1.25) is an amino acid dehydrogenase which catalyzes the reversible oxidative deamination of L-arginine to the oxo analog in the presence of NADP. Although the enzyme activity is detected in the cell extract of Pseudomonas aruginosa , the purification and characterization of the enzyme have not been achieved to date. We here found the gene homolog of L-ArgDH in genome data of Pseudomonas veronii and succeeded in expression of P. veronii JCM11942 gene in E. coli. The gene product exhibited strong NADP-dependent L-ArgDH activity. The crude enzyme was unstable under neutral pH conditions, but was markedly stabilized by the addition of 10% glycerol. The enzyme was purified to homogeneity through a single Ni-chelate affinity ch romatography step and consisted of a homodimeric protein with a molecular mass of about 65 kDa. The enzyme selectively catalyzed l-arginine oxidation in the presence of NADP with maximal activity at pH 9.5. The apparent K m values for l-arginine and NADP were 2.5 and 0.21 mM, respectively. The nucleotide sequence coding the enzyme gene ( was determined and the amino acid sequence was deduced from the nucleotide sequence. As an application of the enzyme, simple colorimetric　microassay for L-arginine using the enzyme was achieved.
Differences in gene expression between high- and low-grade serous ovarian cancers: implications for diagnosis and prognosis
Authors: Xu Jianhao , Wang Qian , Cao Fang , Deng Zhiyong , Gao Xiaojiao , Gu Tingting , Liu Tingting , Xu Song , Gan Wenjuan
Published: January 2022

Background: The clinical presentations of high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) and low-grade serous ovarian cancer (LGSOC) differ. In this study, we aimed to identify the essential molecules for the diagnosis and prognosis of these OC subtypes. Methods: Differentially expressed genes between HGSOC and LGSOC were identified using three GEO series. The functional enrichment analysis was performed to investigate different biological processes and pathways. The protein-protein interaction network was constructed, and the discovered hub genes were frequently validated using prognostic correlation and immunohistochemistry (IHC) in GEPIA and HPA databases. Finally, we screened out BIRC5 and used IHC to detect its expression in 20 cases of borderline serous tumors, 20 cases of LGSOC, and 38 cases of HGSOC, and further analyzed its correlation with clinical characteristics.Results: In comparison with LGSOC, 79 upregulated and 85 downregulated genes were identified in HGSOC. The biological roles of these genes were mainly centered on the cell cycle process and chromosomal segregation. Among the 10 hub genes chosen, BIRC5 is positively related to the overall survival of patients with OC (p = 0.014) and can distinguish OC from normal ovarian tissue. In addition to database analysis, we verify BIRC5 through the specimen resources in our case database. According to the IHC results of our specimens, we found that BIRC5 can not only distinguish HGSOC and LGSOC but also positively correlate with the age, preoperative CA125 level, FIGO stage，and TP53/Ki-67 expression in tumor specimens.Conclusions: BIRC5 is a reliable marker that can distinguish HGSOC from LGSOC, guide prognosis, and be utilized in clinical IHC.
Thermal response of electronic, optical, mechanical properties, phonon frequencies, and sound velocity of InPxAsySb1-x-y/InAs quaternary semiconductor system
Authors: Degheidy A R , AbuAli A M , Elkenany Elkenany B
Published: January 2022

The temperature dependence of acoustic velocities, thermal properties, and phonon frequencies, mechanical, electronic, and optical properties for the InPxAsySb1-x-y/InAs system has been studied. The physical properties of the binary components InSb, InP, and InAs that constitute the quaternary alloy were used in this research. The study has been done using the empirical pseudo-potential method (EPM) under the virtual crystal approximation (VCA). The thermal properties, phonon frequencies, and acoustic velocities for the InPxAsySb1-x-y/InAs system under the effect of temperature have not been fully studied. Therefore, we have focused on these properties under the influence of temperature. Due to the lack of the published theoretical and experimental values on these properties, our findings will provide a significant reference for future experimental work.
Global Welfare Egalitarianism, Resource Rights, and Decolonization
Authors: Reibold Kerstin
Published: January 2022

This paper argues that land and resource rights are often essential in overcoming colonial inequality and devaluation of indigenous populations and cultures. It thereby criticizes global welfare egalitarians that promote the abolition of national sovereignty over resources in the name of increased equality. The paper discusses two ways in which land and resource rights contribute to decolonization and the eradication of the associated inequality. First, it proposes that land and resource rights have acquired a status-conferring function for (formerly) colonized peoples so that possession of full personhood and relational equality is partially expressed through the possession of land and resource rights. Second, it suggests that successful internal decolonization depends on access to and control over land and resources, especially for indigenous peoples.
Essay Prize Introduction
Authors: Smith Leonie , Editors The
Published: January 2022

N/A
Einfluss des Pseudoexfoliationssyndroms auf die effektive Linsenposition, Veränderungen der Vorderkammertiefe und das visuelle Ergebnis nach Kataraktoperation
Authors:   , Schmidt Katarzyna Hanna
Published: January 2022

1. Zusammenfassung 1.1. Zielsetzung Die hier beschriebene Studie vergleicht die effektive Linsenposition (ELP), die Vorderkammertiefenveränderung und den korrigierten Fernvisus nach einer Kataraktoperation bei Patienten mit und ohne Pseudoexfoliationssyndrom (PEX-Syndrom). Bei Patienten mit einem koexistierenden PEX-Syndrom wird während der Kataraktoperation eine Zonulaschwächen bedingte Verlagerung und tiefere Positionierung der eingesetzten Intraokular-linse erwartet. 1.2. Design Prospektiv, randomisiert. 1.3. Methoden In dieser prospektiven Studie wurden 56 Augen von 56 konsekutiven Patienten mit PEX-Syndrom (n = 28) oder ohne PEX-Syndrom (n = 28) und klinisch signifikanter Katarakt eingeschlossen. Sämtlichen Patienten beider Gruppen wurde mittels Phakoemulsifikation eine einteilige Acryl-Hinterkammer-Intraokularlinse implantiert. Als primäre Zielparameter der Studie dienten die Vorderkammertiefe als Indikator für die postoperative axiale Position der IOL benannt als die effektive Linsenposition sowie der korrigierte Fernvisus. 1.4. Ergebnisse Vor der Operation betrug die Vorderkammertiefe (VKT) 2,54 ± 0,42 mm in der PEX-Gruppe und 2,53 ± 0,38 mm in der Kontrollgruppe (p = 0,941). Postoperativ betrug die VKT 4,29 ± 0,71 mm in der PEX-Gruppe bzw. 4,33 ± 0,72 mm in der Normalgruppe (p = 0,533). Es gab keinen signifikanten Unterschied in Bezug auf die Veränderungen der VKT zwischen den Gruppen (PEX-Gruppe: 1,75 ± 0,74 mm, Kontrollgruppe: 1,81 ± 0,61 mm, p = 0,806) und dem korrigierten Fernvisus (DCVA) prä- (p = 0,469) sowie postoperativ (PEX-Gruppe: 0,11 ± 0,13 logMAR, Kontrollgruppe: 0,09 ± 0,17 logMAR, p = 0,245). 1.5. Schlussfolgerung Die Kataraktoperation induzierten Veränderungen waren bei Patienten, die an einem PEX-Syndrom erkrankt waren, die gleichen, die auch bei Patienten ohne PEX-Syndrom zu beobachten waren. Die präoperative und postoperative Vorderkammertiefe, als Indikator für die ELP, zeigte zwischen PEX-Augen und gesunden Augen nach der Kataraktoperation keine signifikanten Unterschiede. Des Weiteren waren keine Unterschiede in Bezug auf den korrigierten Fernvisus zwischen beiden Gruppen zu beobachten. Demnach ist zu erwarten, dass eine Erkrankung am PEX-Syndrom bei einer durch einen erfahrenen Chirurgen durchgeführten Kataraktoperation nicht zu einer Verschlechterung des Visus oder einer tieferen Positionierung der eingesetzten Intraokularlinse führt.
Effect of the sector radius of a workpiece-deforming tool on the stress-strain state in the contact zone with a cylindrical surface
Authors: Zaides S. A. , Ho Quan Minh , Mai Nghia Duc
Published: January 2022

This paper aims to determine the effect of the sector radius of a workpiece-deforming tool on the stress-strain state in the center of elastoplastic deformation and residual stresses in the hardened zone of the surface layer of cylindrical workpieces. A mathematical model of local loading was constructed using the finite element method and AN-SYS software. This model was used to determine the values of temporary and residual stresses and deformations, as well as the depth of plastic zone, depending on the sector radius of the working tool. The simulation results showed that, under the same loading of a cylindrical surface, working tools with different sector radii create different maximum tempo-rary and residual stresses. An assessment of the stress state was carried out for situations when the surface layer of a product is treated by workpiece-deforming tools with a different shape of the working edge. It was shown that, compared to a flat tool, a decrease in the radius of the working sector from 125 to 25 mm leads to an increase in the maximum temporary and residual stresses by 1.2–1.5 times, while the plastic zone depth increases by 1.5–2.4 times. The use of a working tool with a flat surface for hardening a cylindrical workpiece ensures minimal temporary residual stresses, com-pared to those produced by a working tool with a curved surface. A decrease in the radius of the working sector leads to an increase in temporary residual stresses by 2–7%. The plastic zone depth ranges from 1.65 to 2.55 mm when chang-ing the sector radius of the working tool.
Engineering working operations based on parameters of product manufacturability using a computer-aided design algorithm
Authors: Ishenin D. A. , Govorkov A. S.
Published: January 2022

The study aimed to develop an algorithm for computer-aided design (CAD) of working operations. A processing route for machining components was developed based on the criteria of production manufacturability, industrial data and a digital model of the product. The process of machining a workpiece was analysed using a method of theoretical separation. The machining process of a frame workpiece was used as a model. The identified formal parameters formed a basis for developing a CAD algorithm and a model of manufacturing route associated with the mechanical processing of a work-piece applying a condition-action rule, as well as mathematical logic. The research afforded a scheme for selecting process operations, given the manufacturability parameters of a product design. The concept of CAD algorithm was developed to design a production process of engineering products with given manufacturability parameters, including industrial data. The principle of forming a route and selecting a machining process was proposed. Several criteria of production manufacturability (labour intensity, consumption of materials, production costs) were selected to evaluate mechanical processing. A CAD algorithm for designing technological operations considering the parameters of manufacturability was developed. The algorithm was tested by manufacturing a frame workpiece. The developed algorithm can be used for reducing labour costs and development time, at the same time as improving the quality of production processes. The formalisation of process design is a crucial stage in digitalisation and automation of all production processes.
Analysis of the temperature-frequency effect on dielectric losses in a grain medium
Authors: Buzunova M. Yu.
Published: January 2022

The aim of the study is to determine the influence of the thermal effect on dielectric losses in grain mass subject to bruising during drying and storage on the example of wheat across a wide external electric field frequency range. The study of the electrophysical characteristics of a dispersed medium comprising mechanically activated wheat grains takes into account the effect of the degree of breakage on the dielectric parameters of the studied medium. The studies were carried out on experimental samples having different degrees of mechanical activation of particles, which ranged in size from from 50 to 1000 μm. Variations in the dielectric loss tangent were studied using the dielectric method across a wide temperature-frequency range. Studies of variations in dielectric properties were carried out for wheat sam-ples subjected to grinding according to the mechanical activation method at temperatures varying from 20°C to 255°C with a constant heating rate of 0.7 deg / min. During the course of the experiment, the frequency of the external electric field was varied from 25 Hz to 1∙106 Hz. Dielectric constant and dielectric loss tangent calculations were carried out using data on electrical capacity and conductivity obtained using an E7-20 immittance meter and a measuring cell in the form of a flat capacitor. An analysis of variations in these dielectric characteristics was also performed. The obtained stable correlation of the dielectric loss tangent with the frequency of external electric impact and the degree of heating of the samples was most pronounced for finely dispersed samples (particle size 50 μm). Variations in dielectric characteristics are most significant when the frequency decreases to 100 Hz and below. The study of variations in the main dielectric parameters can be used to prevent self-heating and ignition of the grain mass during storage, as well as for selecting the most efficient energy-saving drying mode.
Pyroelectrometallurgical processing of bismuth-containing oxides
Authors: Korolev A. A. , Sergeichenko S. V. , Timofeev K. L. , Maltsev G. I. , Voinkov R. S.
Published: January 2022

In this work, we substantiate and develop a general pyroelectrometallurgical technology for processing bismuth dross and oxides (the intermediate products of lead bullion refining by the Betterton-Kroll process) to obtain crude bismuth. The research focuses on bismuth dross (3–5% Bi; 80–85% Pb) remelted at 500–600°С in the presence of NaNO3 and NaOH, as well as the obtained alkaline melt (bismuth oxides, 1–5% Bi; 60–70% Pb). The conducted experiments allowed us to determine optimal parameters of the main steps of processing bismuth oxide, as well as the characteristics of obtained products. Reduction smelting of bismuth oxides at 1150°C (with the addition of sodium carbonate, quartz and fine coke in the amount of 66, 25 and 5% of bismuth oxides mass, respectively) is proposed, leading to bismuth lead formation. Its decoppering is carried out at 350–600°C with 2.0% sulfur (by its weight), added to the melt. We propose to carry out the alkaline treatment of the decoppered Pb-Bi alloy at 500oC in contact with sodium hydroxide, sodium nitrate and sodium chloride, taken in amounts up to 10.2, 8.3 and 1.4% by weight of bismuth lead, respectively. Subsequent electrolysis comprises electrolytic processing of purified Pb-Bi alloy ingots at 550oC. The electrolyte consists of a melt with the following composition, %: NaCl – 7, KCl – 35, PbCl2 – 18 and ZnCl2 – 40. As a result, two end products were obtained by the proposed bismuth oxide processing. The anodic product at the second stage of electrolysis, crude bismuth (yielded 1.1% by the weight of oxides) contains 93.62% Bi and 4.14% Pb, extraction from oxides amounts to 19.0% Bi and 0.1% Pb. About 1.2% Bi and 9.1% Pb of their initial content in the oxides are transferred to the cathodic product containing 0.033% Bi and 97.83% Pb (the yield equalled 5.1% of the oxides).
The optimal modeling method of specific tuberculosis peritonitis (experimental research)
Authors: Plotkin D. V. , Vinogradova T. I. , Reshetnikov M. N. , Zyuzya Yu. R. , Serdobintsev M. S. , Sinitsyn M. N.
Published: January 2022

The objective: to create a reproducible model of chronic tuberculosis peritonitis to study pathophysiological mechanisms of its progression and to develop pathogenetically based therapy.

Subjects and Methods. The study was performed using 10 male rabbits of the Chinchilla breed. The animals were administered intraperitoneal culture of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, tuberculosis peritonitis modeling was performed according to the proposed method.

Results. In the course of the experiment, it was proved that all animals developed tuberculous peritonitis with lesions of the large omentum and serous integuments of internal organs. Molecular genetic tests of fragments of the omentum and peritoneum detected DNA of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
O Fundo Estadual de Recursos Hídricos do Estado do Amazonas: uma análise acerca de seu funcionamento e gerenciamento
Authors: Dias Françoan de Oliveira , Paulo Richard Coelho de , Santos Wallace de Sousa , Wachholz Flávio
Published: January 2022

Neste estudo buscou-se analisar as operações financeiras e o gerenciamento atual do Fundo Estadual de Recursos Hídricos do Amazonas, instrumento da Política Estadual de Recursos Hídricos. Com relação aos procedimentos metodológicos empregados, a pesquisa caracteriza-se qualitativa e exploratória, por meio de um estudo de caso, subsidiada pelas análises bibliográficas e documentais. Os resultados encontrados apontam que o regimento interno do fundo traz procedimentos necessários para sua operacionalização, no entanto, algumas questões deixam de ser previstas, entre elas a constituição das receitas do fundo. Em relação às receitas e despesas que fizeram parte do fundo, elas eram oriundas do PROGESTÃO - 1o. Ciclo. No que se refere às receitas que deixam de integrar o fundo, destacam-se as compensações financeiras pela exploração mineral e pela utilização de recursos hídricos e as multas aplicadas com base na Lei no. 3.167/2007. Outras que poderiam integrar, mas que não estão previstas, são os royalties do petróleo e do gás natural. Conclui-se que, estes obstáculos resultaram na operacionalização insatisfatória do fundo em decorrência de um sistema estadual de gerenciamento de recursos hídricos que necessita de fortalecimento e consolidação, além de um conselho estadual de recursos hídricos atuante nessa questão.
Análise cienciométrica da integração energética em biorrefinarias de cana-de-açúcar
Authors: Tonial Gabrielly Mylena Benedetti , Paraíso Paulo Roberto , Jorge Luiz Mário de Matos
Published: January 2022

Com o intuito de quantificar os estudos envolvendo integração energética, bem como fazer um levantamento específico ao que se refere à biorrefinarias de cana-de-açúcar, realizou-se um estudo cienciométrico detalhado relacionado à integração energética nessas usinas. O levantamento das informações se deu pela base de dados de Web of Science, utilizando os termos "Energy Integration AND Biorefinery", "Heat Integration AND Biorefinery", "Energy Integration AND Sugarcane" e "Heat Integration AND Sugarcane" como palavras-chave, no período de 2007 a 2019. Dentre as instituições mais relevantes na pesquisa as que mais publicaram foram a Chalmers University of Technology (Suiça) e a Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Brasil), enquanto considerando as 133 referências estudadas, a "Energy" foi o periódico que rendeu mais publicações e citações.
Conflitos socioambientais em torno do Aterro Sanitário Metropolitano Oeste de Caucaia, Ceará, Brasil
Authors: Carvalho Maria Laudecy Ferreira de , Santos Joel Silva dos , Oliveira Luan Gomes dos Santos de , Nunes Ana Bárbara de Araújo
Published: January 2022

O objetivo deste artigo foi constatar os conflitos socioambientais causados pelas ações da gestão dos resíduos com a instalação e a operacionalização do Aterro Sanitário Metropolitano Oeste de Caucaia (ASMOC) e da Usina GNR Fortaleza Valorização de Biogás Ltda, localizados no Município de Caucaia Região Metropolitana de Fortaleza, Nordeste do Brasil. A pesquisa parte do entendimento de que o aterro e a usina têm gerado externalidades ambientais, e consequentemente, conflitos socioambientais. A metodologia utilizada para a compreensão e caracterização dos conflitos socioambientais na área de estudo, utilizou-se do arcabouço teórico fundamentado por diversos autores da Ecologia Política. Foram realizadas entrevistas e aplicação de questionários semiestruturados com atores sociais da gestão e do entorno da usina de biogás e do aterro sanitário para melhor compreensão do surgimento dos conflitos socioambientais tomando-se como base a Ecologia Política. Assim como, a investigação documental, levantamento bibliográfico, visita de campo e registro fotográfico. Os resultados obtidos sinalizaram vários conflitos socioambientais, a exemplo de luta urbana por ar e água limpos, espaços verdes, direitos dos ciclistas e pedestres, a defesa dos rios, a degradação dos solos, a luta dos trabalhadores pela saúde e segurança ocupacional, o racismo ambiental, o ecologismo dos pobres, a população ter direito ao acesso ao biometano produzido pela usina GNR, dentre outros.
Human Representation on Environmental Speech in Terms or Transitivity Process
Authors: Mansyur Siti Awaliyah , Gunawan Wawan , Isnendes Retty
Published: January 2022

The role of activists in raising humankind’s awareness regarding environmental or ecological issues or phenomenon has gained so much attention since it is spread and told in many different ways. One of them is taken by sharing the idea through speech and statements that are being spoken before the world leaders, politicians, and any other occasions. This study focuses on the speech of an environmental activist regarding climate change, Greta Thunberg. The analysis was conducted on the transitivity analysis, i.e. the distribution of experiential meaning on the speech that was presented at the United Nations Conference of the Parties on Climate Change, 2018. The result shows: 1) the distribution of material process is the dominant one (41,8%), followed by relational process (19,4%), mental process (17,9%), verbal process (14,9%), behavioral process (3%), and existential process (3%); 2) through the process distribution, human beings seem to have their big roles in causing the climate change, but at the same time they are the ones who can prevent it. Therefore, the speech is regarded as beneficial discourse based on Stibbe’s ecolinguistics standard. This type of discourse has to be promoted in order to raise ecological awareness in society.