bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of no-till technology on the fertility of degraded and low-humus soils
Authors: Volkov A I , Prohorova L N , Stepanov A S
Published: December 2022

The transition to innovative tillage technologies is currently an effective way to preserve and increase the fertility of agricultural land. The purpose of the work is to study the impact of no-till technology on the fertility of degraded and low-humus soils in the Middle Volga region. The main research method was the monitoring of agricultural lands, where traditional (control), minimum and no-till technologies for cultivating grain crops were used as part of field crop rotations. As a result of research conducted over fifteen years on degraded leached chernozems, light gray forest and low-humus soddy-podzolic soil types, it was found that the introduction of no-till technology contributes to an increase in the number of earthworms by 36% and soil invertebrates by 42%. At the same time, the ratio of different groups of soil mesofauna also changes. In particular, an increase in the number of organized predators (ground beetles, rove beetles, spiders, geofields) capable of regulating the number of harmful species of soil animals (for example, wireworm larvae) was revealed. No-till technology has a beneficial effect on agrophysical, agrochemical indicators of fertility and biological activity of degraded and low-humus soils. The crushing of straw and its use as mulch for fifteen years made it possible to form a positive balance of organic matter and increase the content of mobile phosphorus and exchangeable potassium in the soil by an average of 20% and 15%, respectively. Improving the nutritional regime of the soil contributes to a positive impact on the quality characteristics and grain yield of winter and spring wheat, winter rye, barley and corn. With the introduction of no-till technology as the main method of crop production, grain yield increases by 3 and 6% compared to the minimum and traditional technology.
On the issue of increasing the efficiency of the spindles of a vertical-spindle cotton picker
Authors: Ravutov Sh T , Rizayev A A , Rajapbaev U A
Published: December 2022

This article is devoted to the issue of increasing the efficiency of vertical-spindle cotton pickers by rational choice of kinematic and geometrical parameters of the main working body – the spindle drum. In particular, in the work, an analysis of the actual operating conditions of the spindles, existing machines, and the results of previous studies in this area indicate the main reasons for the low efficiency of cotton pickers. As a criterion for evaluating the efficiency of the vertical spindles, the “activity” of the spindles and the force that occurs between the cotton boll and the surface of the latter are taken. It is shown that the design features of the existing vertical spindle drums do not allow increasing the active surface of the spindles and their favorable orientation relative to cotton bolls in the collection area. It is substantiated that in order to increase the activity of the spindles in the collection zone, it is necessary to inform them, as they move in this zone, of the variable speed and trajectory of the spindle movement, which improves the conditions for the interaction of the latter with the cotton boll. The obtained results are compared and analyzed with the same results of the existing spindle drums, which showed a significant increase in the activity of the spindles when using elliptical drums as the main working body of the cotton picker.
Substantiation of the parameters of modernized cotton bundle disassembler machine with the working drum with a curved peg and a flexible element
Authors: Khodjiev Muksin , Ashurov Asrorjon , Rakhimov Khakimboy
Published: December 2022

The article covers the results of research on substantiation of the parameters of the modernized cotton bundle disassembler machine with the working drum with a curved peg and a flexible element. The design scheme and working principle of the machine are described. Recommended values of the parameters because of full factor experiments in the production environment are given. The results of the calculations after processing in the article are presented in the form of connection graphs for raw cotton. In each graph, the first factor is presented at the minimum, the second at the intermediate, and the third at the maximum value. The figures show graphs of the dependence of the seed damage after the UHK unit on the input factors and the graphs of the dependence of the torque on the milling shaft on the input factors.
Theoretical study of the formation of relaxation autovibration in the working organs of a toothed harrow
Authors: Umurzakov A X , Qosimov A A , Imomov M X , Xamidov K A
Published: December 2022

This paper presents theoretical analyzes on the formation of horizontal auto-vibration in a toothed storm hallow tillage into the soil before planting. The theory of frictional auto-vibrations was used in the study of horizontal auto-oscillations generated in the Borona working.
To the study of one-dimensional motion of a deep ripper in natural soil in the presence of an elastic coupling between the shank and the ripper point
Authors: Djuraeva N B , Kuldoshev D A
Published: December 2022

As a result of the interaction of the deep ripper working body with the natural ground the soil changes its structure and deforms. The dynamics of cultivated soil is described on the basis of a model of a compressible plastic medium. According to this model, the stresses in the perturbed region satisfy the Mohr-Coulomb plasticity condition. As a result of solving the equation of motion of the ripper point in the form of a circular cone rigidly coupled to the ripper shank through an elastic element, it was found that with an increase in the stiffness coefficient, the ripper point performs high-frequency oscillations with increasing amplitude, that is, the elastic element in the process of movement of the ripper is to a greater extent in the state of compression, the value of which increases with the growth of the soil compaction parameter; at the same time, the stiffness coefficient practically does not affect the oscillation amplitude.
Economic value of spring barley varieties depending on the predecessor in the conditions of the northern forest-steppe of the Tyumen region
Authors: Yakubyshina L I , Shakhova O A
Published: December 2022

In 2014-2017 studies were carried out on the experimental field of the State Autonomous Agrarian University of the Northern Trans-Urals in the northern forest-steppe of the Tyumen region to study the effect of predecessors on the yield of seeds of barley varieties Vorsinsky 2, Chelyabinsky 99, Acha, Abalak. It has been established that barley varieties formed a yield of 1.35-1.50 t/ha according to the predecessor wheat. At the same time the Abalak variety stood out for the better. According to the predecessor of peas, the seed yield increased to 2.04-2.30 t/ha. The varieties Acha and Abalak were more productive, the increase to the control variant was 0.80-0.81 t/ha, or 54.1-55.9%. The maximum yield of seeds of the studied barley varieties was obtained using the pure fallow predecessor and amounted to 2.27-2.41 t/ha which is 0.89-0.98 t/ha, or 59.3-68.7% higher than the control variant. In terms of seed yield the corn predecessor occupied an intermediate position between the predecessors of peas and pure fallow.
Application of computer vision in food industry to predict sexual dimorphism in poultry eggs during incubation
Authors: Aleynikov A F
Published: December 2022

The need for non-invasive sex determination in bird eggs before incubation and during the incubation period is shown. Modern methods for assessing the sexual dimorphism of eggs based on Raman spectroscopy, mass spectroscopy, fluorescence, obtaining RGB images of the texture of blood vessels and measuring the egg shape index are analysed. Their advantages and disadvantages are shown. A computer colorimetric setup has been developed and described that will make it possible to make an inexpensive but reliable sex prediction based on the spatial asymmetry of the egg shape and differences in the texture of the blood vessels of future hens and cockerels.
Development of the food system in Russia and its role in the global food system
Authors: Yakovlev Valeriy A , Alexseev Sakhamin P
Published: December 2022

The basis of people’s livelihoods is formed depending on food security within the global system of economic security. It should be noted that one of the most important conditions is the stability of the economic system to a variety of internal and external influences, which may be of a political or economic nature. One of the priority areas for achieving food security in a significant part of the countries is the process of stimulating the development of national agriculture. Of course, this process will involve the implementation of special support measures, as well as increasing competitiveness in the domestic and foreign markets. It is also very important to provide appropriate protection against the food expansion of exporting countries. At the same time, food security implies the physical and economic availability of the necessary food products in the required quantity and assortment. Its achievement in Russia is due to the sufficiency of agricultural land resources and bioclimatic potential for the production of basic foodstuffs in the required quantities. I agree with the opinion that today the problem of food security has become paramount due to the following events: environmental degradation, changing natural and climatic conditions in the world, overpopulation and, as a result, the threat of a food crisis. The purpose of my study of this topic is to show the features of the development of the country’s food system.
Evaluation of meat quality sheep of the bred Kalmyk fat-tailed breed type
Authors: Tserenov I V , Reshetnikova A O , Knyazhechenko O A , Gorlov I F , Slozhenkina M I , Languzov A A , Mosolova D A
Published: December 2022

The article presents the results of the analysis of the chemical and amino acid composition of the meat; in general the meat of the experimental group animals was better by 1.02 g/100 g, or 11.12 % by the sum of all essential amino acids compared to the control sample, and consequently the animals of the experimental group exceeded the control sample by 0.99 g/100 g, or 10.25 % by the content of substituted amino acids in the meat of sheep. It can be concluded that the bred type had a positive effect on the live weight of experimental young sheep, the chemical composition of meat and its biological value. The meat of sheep of the bred type is rich in high-grade protein and has an increased content of amino acids, including essential amino acids.
Influence of the substrate on the accumulation of nitrates by vegetables when cultivated in open ground
Authors: Aukhadieva E A , Daukaev R A , Allayarova G R , Afonkina S R , Zelenkovskaya E E
Published: December 2022

A study was carried out on the effect of the substrate on the accumulation of nitrates by vegetable products. It was revealed that the intensity of accumulation depends on the method of application and the origin of the fertilizer, but to a greater extent - on the species characteristics of crops: some crops do not accumulate excess nitrates even when fertilizing (carrots, spinach), while others intensively accumulate them when grown in unenriched soil (beets, zucchini, parsley). Even with the rational use of fertilizers on a substrate with organic fertilizer, an excess of the permissible norm was found in potato tubers, beet roots, parsley and dill leaves, onion bulbs, zucchini fruits, and on a substrate with fertilizer of mineral origin - in beet roots, onion bulbs, zucchini fruits, parsley and lettuce leaves, which indicates the need to strengthen control over the content of this contaminant in vegetable products.
Innovation food technology of semi-finished lamb products with antioxidant and chickpea extrudate
Authors: Natyrov A K , Grebennikova Yu D , Slozhenkin A B , Grishin V S , Lazareva E Y , Tkachenkova N A , Reshetnikova A O
Published: December 2022

This article substantiates the production of a new type of chopped semi-finished products using chickpea extrudate and an antioxidant. The purpose of this study is to develop a new type of chopped semi-finished products from mutton meat of the Edilbaev breed with the addition of an antioxidant to increase the biological and nutritional value. The main tasks for the study were identified: the rationale for the choice of meat raw materials, vegetable additives, as well as an antioxidant, the development of a recipe for chopped semi-finished products, the technology for their preparation, the study of the effect of the introduced antioxidant and vegetable additive on organoleptic, physicochemical and microbiological indicators, the rationale for the functional properties of the product and the feasibility of its use. The use of chickpeas allows you to increase the content of protein, amino acids, trace elements in the product. Chickpea extrudate was found to be superior to whole grain chickpeas. The mass fraction of extrudate protein is increased by 7%, while fat and carbohydrates are reduced by 2.5% and 11%, respectively. During the study, two samples were made: control and experimental with an antioxidant and chickpeas, an organoleptic evaluation of the finished product was carried out, physical and chemical parameters, amino acid composition, nutritional and energy value of semi-finished products were studied. The microelement composition of chickpeas and extrudate was also studied. A comparative analysis of two samples showed that in the experimental sample there is more moisture by 0.8% and more protein by 5.65% than in the control, and the proportion of fat is less by 2.8%. The research results indicate the positive effect of chickpea extrudate and antioxidant on the nutritional and biological value of chopped semi-finished products.
Justification of the technological scheme of the separating working body of potato digger
Authors: Bayboboev N G , Rembalovich G K , Murodov R H , Mamadaliev A M , Akbarov Sh B
Published: December 2022

In the article, based on theoretical and experimental research, the choice of the constructive-technological scheme of the separating working body of potato diggers is substantiated. As a result, it was found that the separating working bodies of potato diggers with drive disc-elastic fingers located above the elevator bed provide the best performance.
Optimal concentration of proteolytic enzyme preparation for meat processing
Authors: Fayziev A A
Published: December 2022

Annotation

Research work has been carried out on the effect of various concentrations of an enzyme preparation (EP) on some indicators of salted camel meat. The proteolytic activity, pH and temperature optimum of the enzyme protosubtilin G20x were studied. The effect of protosubtilin G20x on VVS, shear stress, consistency and yield after boiling of salted camel meat samples was studied. This research work indicates that the treatment of meat with an enzyme preparation causes moisture-binding capacity (WCC), with this there are significant changes in the consistency and mass of the samples after heat treatment.
Phytobiotics in pig feeding architecture for the organic animal husbandry development
Authors: Mosolov A A , Starodubova Yu V , Miroshnik A S , Slozhenkina M I , Komlatsky V I , Struk A N
Published: December 2022

The article presents an analysis of possibility for the use of additives based on vegetable raw materials in pig feeding architecture as an alternative to antibiotics. Until recently, feed antibiotics have been widely used as adaptogens and growth stimulants. Considering the numerous negative consequences, the feasibility of using phytobiotics as an alternative has been proven. The relevance of this scientific field is increasing due to development of organic animal husbandry and the Law on Organic Products adopted in Russia. Numerous research results confirm the important place of herbal supplements in the modern concept of animal feeding. Phytogenic feed components help to control and improve digestion process, contribute to formation of a balanced intestinal microflora, and improve general condition of gastrointestinal tract of farm animals. They are an extremely complex mixture of bioactive components and differ both in biological characteristics and production technology. Natural herbal supplements are used to enhance antioxidant protective mechanisms and reduce intensity of oxidative processes. The complex mechanism of their absorption in intestine minimizes impact of oxygen free radicals and positively affects the growth rate of animals. To reduce feeding and weaning stress in piglets, it is advisable to use adaptogens, for example, phytobiotics, which simultaneously stimulate growth and immune functions of body. The use of phytobiotics contributes to the greening of agricultural production and improving quality of life of the population. Thus, in a complex approach to the problem of piglets and sows productivity, diets with the use of phytobiotics are of great importance.
Species and quantitative composition of weeds in wheat agrophytocenosis in the conditions of the forest-steppe zone of the Trans-Urals
Authors: Shulepova O V , Sannikova N V , Fisunov N V
Published: December 2022

The article analyzes the species and quantitative composition of weeds in wheat agrophytocenosis. From 16 species of weeds in different years prevailed: from perennial – Cirsium arvense, Glechoma hederacea, Convolvulus arvensis, Sonchus arvensis, from juvenile wintering – Erodium cicutarium, Matricaria perforata, Viola arvensis, Thlaspi arvense. From spring juveniles – Amaranthus retroflexus, Spergula arvensis, Galeopsis speciosa, Chenopodium album, Fumaria officinalis, Galium aparine, Stellaria media. Field observations in 2017-2020 made it possible to establish some features in the change in the composition and abundance of different biological groups of weeds during the growing season. It is necessary to study the species composition of weeds in order to control, predict and regulate their abundance. In the tillering phase, the number of weeds in different years of research varied from 15.3 to 16.1 pcs/m2, which, according to the scale of determining the degree of clogging of fields, corresponds to a weak degree of clogging of 2.55-13.4%. Before cleaning, the degree of clogging increased by 0.2% in 2018, by 0.15% in 2019, and in 2017 and 2020, the degree of clogging remained at the same level – 3.4%, which was also characterized by a weak degree. Comparison of the contamination over different years allows us to identify the dynamics of the quantitative and specific composition of weeds in crops and adjust the system of measures to combat them.
The effect of pre-sowing seed treatment on the elements of the crop structure and the phytosanitary condition of spring wheat seeds of the Novosibirsk 31 variety
Authors: Bobrovsky A V , Mikhailets M A , Akbai-Ool A N
Published: December 2022

The article presents the results of studies on the study of preparations for pre-sowing dressing of spring wheat seeds. The research results showed that pre-sowing seed treatment did not have a significant effect on the germination and coleoptile height of wheat seedlings. The use of a solution of a silicon-containing plant growth and development stimulator with a fungicidal effect, enriched with microelements, has significantly significant differences in the morphometric parameters of wheat seedlings (p = 0.000-0.048). The use of a spore-based biological fungicide stimulated the development of pathogenic microflora (p = 0.045). Seed treatment of a preparation based on a biopolymer enriched with silver and copper nanoparticles helps to reduce the development of pathogenic microflora (p = 0.017).
Evaluation of the rare earth elements phytotoxicity on the example of La and Ce
Authors: Krasavtseva E A , Maksimova V V
Published: December 2022

Interest in the study of the toxicity of rare earth elements (REE) naturally increases with an increase in their consumption. The growth of exploration, development and mining of rare earth metals poses a serious threat to the environment, increasing the concentration of REE in air, water and soil. In this work, we assessed the phytotoxicity of cerium and lanthanum, as the most common rare earth lanthanides in the earth’s crust, using test systems with oats (Avena Sativa L.) and onion (Allium cepa L.). For both test objects, the toxic effect of high concentrations of lanthanum and cerium has been proven. In addition to the inhibition of the development of onion roots, a visually determined thickening and yellowing of the root cap, a change in the cells of the root merisystem were noted. For oats at high concentrations of lanthanum and cerium, yellowing of the roots and inhibition of their development, slowing down the growth of seedlings were also noted. At the same time, for oats at low concentrations of the studied substances, the effect of hormesis was noted.
Influence of lightculture on obtaining planting material of Ipomoea batatas (L.) in vitro
Authors: Abubakarov H G , Sleptsov N N , Sumin A V , Kalashnikova E A , Kirakosyan R N
Published: December 2022

The current article presents the results of the influence of lighting conditions on the morphogenetic potential of Ipomoea batatas (L.) microcuttings in vitro. The studied objects were 4 sweet potato cultivars - Jewel, Purple, Porto Rico, Vinnitsa pink. Microcuttings of I. batatas were cultivated in vitro. We used nutrient medium with mineral salts (according to the prescription of Murashige and Skoog (MS)) and medium only with distilled water (without mineral salts). All nutrient media contained sucrose 2% and agar 0.7%. Hormones were not added to the nutrient media. We studied the influence of the different red (R) and far red (FR) ratios, as well as the red and blue light spectrum on the formation of microshoots and the root system. It was shown that the lighting regimes (R and FR ratio) had a stimulating effect on the roots and shoots growth regardless of the medium composition. Moreover, significant results were obtained under conditions of complete nutrition (mineral salts according to MS) in contrast to the control treatment (fluorescent lamps) and the treatment without salts. The best results were obtained at the R=FR treatment. This light treatment can be recommended for inclusion in the technology of clonal micropropagation of sweet potato. When red and blue spectra were added to normal illumination in different proportions, it did not lead to an increase in the morphogenetic potential of cultivated explants. The growth rate (μ) of the main shoot from axillary buds was about 2 times less than in the control treatment.
Distribution of Saussurea species on the territory of Zhongar-Alatau State National Natural Park
Authors: Bakhtaulova A S , Kenzhekhanova Zh S , Karasholakova L N
Published: December 2022

The article presents the results of geobotanical studies of genus Saussurea in the conditions of the Zhongar-Alatau State National Natural Park. The lack of knowledge of the species diversity of endemic species, including genus Saussurea is an actual problem. In the Dzungarian Alatau there are more than 76 species of endemic plants, including Saussurea species listed in the Red Book. The species diversity of genus Saussurea in Kazakhstan is represented by 41 species, of which 8 species are endemic for Kazakhstan. The species diversity of Saussurea genus in the conditions of the Dzungarian Alatau, their distribution and phytocenotic characteristics were studied. The mountainous regions of Kazakhstan are characterized by a belt distribution, high biodiversity, rich vegetation and specific of flora, and on the territory of the Dzungarian Alatau, genus Saussurea is represented by 11 species, among which there are 2 endemic species (S. ninae, S. coronate), as well as 1 relict endemic (S. involucrata). It is established that a large number of Saussurea species grow at an altitude of 1600-3000 above sea level. 5 species of Saussure (S. schanginiana, S. leucophylla, S. gnaphaloides, S. sordida and S. involucrata) were found at an altitude of 2600-3200 m, which proves that these species are high-altitude.
Technology of high-yield cultivation by planting a new variety of mung bean to improve land reclamation condition, increase its productivity, and ensure ecological stability
Authors: Rakhimov G N , Shodiev Sh B , Rakhimov P G
Published: December 2022

It is important to plant new early varieties of mung bean from leguminous crops in irrigated lands. These crops create very favorable conditions for the crops that will be planted after them. In the year following the planting of the new “Charos” variety of intensive mung bean, an additional yield of 5-7 q/ha of cotton and 7-9 quintals of grain was achieved. Therefore, when mung bean is planted as a repeated crop, the weeds in the field are reduced by 70-80 percent, while ensuring the enrichment of the soil with nutrients. In the autumn, when mung bean fields are plowed up by roots, soil fertility increases and the structure improves, as a result of raising the level of underground water to the optimal level, i.e. 2.5-3.0 meters, it was found that water-saving technologies can be widely used in planting agricultural crops. In the soil and climatic conditions of the Bukhara region, when the intensive type of mung bean “Charos” is planted, the full germination period is 5 days earlier than the Local (control) variety, 4 days compared to the Radost variety, and 3 days earlier than the Navruz variety and ripened 10-15 days earlier than Local (control), Radost, Navruz varieties. Productivity was on average 28-30 quintals per hectare, which was 6-9 q/ha more than other varieties. When this variety is planted, the stem is resistant to lying down, and until harvesting, the pods do not crack and the grain does not spill, it is very convenient to harvest with combines. For 2-3 years after planting mung bean, the use of chemical fertilizers is reduced by 25-30%, which ensures the stability of the environment and production of a clean product.
Calculation of change of stock moisture content of the drying agent in the process of drying raw cotton in solar drying equipment
Authors: Safarov Nazirjon , Majidov Abduvali , Mirsultonov Ilkhomjon
Published: December 2022

The article covers one of the urgent tasks, i.e. energy-saving, analytical calculation of the stock moisture content of the drying agent in the process of drying raw cotton in solar dryer with optical magnifiers, considering the various climatic conditions of Uzbekistan, has been developed, a method for calculating the change in the absolute and relative humidity of the drying agent when drying raw cotton using mathematical models has been developed.
Calculation of filtration in reservoirs
Authors: Apakhujaeva T , Melikuziyev S , Matkaziyev D , Boykulov J
Published: December 2022

All Over the years, due to long-term operation, the useful volume of the reservoirs decreased. Accurate assessment of the useful volume of water reservoirs, development of specific measures to prevent water wastage is one of the important issues of today. On average, 20-30% of the water volume is lost from the reservoir in one year through filtration, which is one of the main factors affecting the water wastage of reservoirs. If water waste is not taken into account, if a special volume of water is not reserved, then consumers will not be able to get the amount of water intended for them (for production purposes).

In this article, the method of calculating the volume of water lost to filtration from flow-through reservoirs is presented on the example of the Rezaksoy reservoir, and a new link on filtration calculation is proposed based on observational data obtained from field studies. The proposed calculation formula was compared with existing calculation formulas and with obtained data in natural field conditions.
Calculation of the roughness of the Sheshupe riverbed according to hydrological yearbooks
Authors: Akhmedova N R , Naumov V A
Published: December 2022

When conducting engineering hydrometeorological surveys, hydrological and hydraulic calculations are performed, in which an indicator characterizing the resistance of the channel to flow is taken into account. The integral characteristic of the hydraulic resistance of river channels is the roughness coefficient. In accordance with regulatory documents, the values of the roughness of the channel of the water body and the floodplain are taken according to the qualitative characteristics of the channel, which is subjective and can lead to significant errors in the calculations. The use in calculations of the roughness coefficient obtained as a result of single field measurements is inappropriate, since it can change throughout the year. This paper presents the results of studying the roughness of the Sheshupe river bed in different seasons of the year, and establishes the dependence of the roughness coefficient on dimensionless complexes (Froude and Reynolds numbers). The published data of measurements on the Sheshupe River (hydrological post in the village of Dolgoe) were used for the calculations.
Evaluation of the hydraulic efficiency of the sprinkler irrigation system
Authors: Arifjanov A , Kaletova T , Abduraimova D , Samiev L , Jalilova X
Published: December 2022

The article describes the methods of conducting some field studies to evaluate the effectiveness of sprinkler irrigation systems and to design them reliably. Also, the distribution of discharge in the irrigation system across the territory and its losses are analysed. Christiansen’s coefficient of similarity “CU” is used to estimate sprinkler water distribution. It is carried out by studying three types of combinations according to the Catch Can method: sprinkler height, sprinkler discharge and pressure changes. In order to determine the Christiansen coefficient, it is calculated using the sum of experiments in taking into account the distribution of discharge according to the height of the sprinkler at several different pressures. Based on the method given above, the optimal height was determined in the assessment of water distribution. Based on field experiments and their analysis, a graph was created based on sprinkler height and flow distribution for discharge.
Method for calculating the solid runoff of rivers and silting of riverbed reservoirs
Authors: Akhmedkhodjaeva I , Khodjiev A , Rakhimov K
Published: December 2022

The article presents a methodology for calculating the solid runoff of rivers that feed riverbed reservoirs located on the territory of the Republic of Uzbekistan. The dependence of the intensity of silting of riverbed reservoirs on their geographical location and reduced turbidity was obtained. The procedure for determining the volume of silting of reservoirs using the value of the annual solid runoff of the river is given. The advantage of this method for calculating silting in comparison with the methods of other authors is shown.
Modern technologies in the study of processes in channels
Authors: Arifjanov A , Atakulov D , Akhmedov I , Hoshimov A
Published: December 2022

In the article, river bed research was conducted in the Neverice channel near the city of Nitra, Slovak Republic. Relationships of morphometric parameters in Neverice channel were studied based on GIS technologies. Orthophotomosaic images created by National Forest Center (NLC) and Geodetic and Cartographic Institute Bratislava (GKÚ) were used. Downloaded images were analyzed using ArcGIS Pro software. In the analysis 3 characteristic blocks were selected along the length of the channel. The cross-sections surface of the channel is drawn for each frame and the slope of the channel bottom is determined. The DEM model was used to determine the slope of the channel bottom and 3D model is created. The changes taking place in the river bed are analyzed and conclusions are presented.
pH results and coordination of spring waters in Gallaorol district, Uzbekistan
Authors: Tashpulatova Sabokhat A , Mamarakhimov Oybek M , Kamiljanova Shakhrizoda A
Published: December 2022

Samples of groundwater resources (spring waters) collected in Gallaorol district of Jizzakh region and their pH indicators were determined. Water samples were taken and examined from large springs in Gallaorol district. In addition, the coordinates of the location of the springs were determined using a special GPS (Global Positioning System) device, and coordination were presented. The results of chemical laboratory analysis showed that most of the spring waters showed a weak alkaline. The pH indicators of spring waters fully comply with the requirements of the State Standard of Uzbekistan “Hygienic requirements and quality control for domestic drinking water supply” (UzDSt 951:2011), as well as “Hygienic requirements for drinking water and quality control” (UzDSt 0950:2011).
Metallized fabrics for environmentally safe applications in textile industry and filter production
Authors: Kazakov Farxot , Sattarova Nodira , Aripova Olima
Published: December 2022

This article indicates the scope of application of metal-woven materials is constantly expanding. If initially this material was used only for personal protective equipment, now it is already a textile, medical and protective material, based on the foregoing, metallized fabrics have proven to be a good protective material against any radiation, including fabric filters. In addition, the use of metallized fabrics in everyday life and industry is described. Also, the existing methods of metallization of textile materials make it possible to obtain synthetic fabrics with an excellent metallic texture.
Development of a module for environmental monitoring of the living condition of landscaping facilities using neural networks
Authors: Popov A M , Popov A A , Ovsyankin A K , Schneider V A , Evstratov A R
Published: December 2022

At the moment, one of the shortcomings in the management of territories where landscaping objects grow is the lack of up-to-date and reliable data, their real assessment. The reason for this lies in poor-quality accounting or in the absence of software tools for accounting for landscaping objects. In modern conditions, the availability of software tools that solve such problems most often using neural network methodologies are finding new successful applications in the practice of management and decision-making. Not only in the financial and trade spheres, but also in the field of ecology. The development of systems based on neural networks and machine learning is a necessary means of improving the efficiency of all business processes and the timeliness of management decisions. Improving the efficiency of management activities through the introduction of neural networks is becoming one of the main directions of improving the company’s activities. The problem of improving the efficiency of monitoring of landscaping facilities is solved by developing and implementing a software module using forecasting methods. Such a module will make it possible to predict the vital state of landscaping facilities and promptly identify problems of facilities and make timely management decisions in the form of proposed recommendations for their elimination based on the knowledge base of experts.
Ecological impact and results of the study of motor oils of internal combustion engines by conducting tribomechanical stabilizers
Authors: Musurmanov R K , Utaev S A
Published: December 2022

This article deals with the problem of the influence of motor oils of agricultural tractors used in agro-industrial complexes on the environment and the results of experimental and operational tests of the introduction of tribomechanical stabilizers into motor oils of a gas engine based on a diesel engine. Prospects for the continuous introduction of additives into the lubrication system. When a diesel engine is running, up to 75% of the additives work out in 10 hours, within 80 hours. The alkalinity of the oil decreases from 3 to 1,4 Mg KOH/g. When switching to a new lubrication mode, the wear of parts of the engine piston group is reduced by 20-25% and the service life of the coarse oil filter elements is increased by 30-40%, deposits of carbon deposits and varnish on the engine pistons are reduced by 30 %. It was revealed that the studied oil characteristic - base number with continuous input of tribomechanical stabilizers has a value 1.5 times higher compared to samples of oils used in the absence of continuous input of tribomechanical stabilizers.
Field application of VP3 biofertilizer on soybeans (Glycine max L.) and yield comparison between four biofertilizers sold in the market
Authors: Arfarita N
Published: December 2022

The VP3 biofertilizer formulation begins with exploration of indigenous soil bacteria isolated from several soil samples in Malang-Indonesia. The VP3 Biofertilizer is a liquid formulation made from vermiwash and molasses as carriers, with 3 functional bacterial isolates. It has been proven to be able to increase the yield of mung beans, long yard beans, and green beans in the green house, however it has not been applied to soybean (Glycine max L.) in the field compared to other biofertilizers on the market. This study used soybean seeds of the Anjasmoro variety and consisted of 6 treatments (different types of biofertilizer) with a Randomized Block Design (RBD) namely VP3 biofertilizer, EM4 biofertilizer, Sumber Subur biofertilizer, Semanggi biofertilizer, and Magicgro G6 biofertilizer. This research was carried out in idle land. The application of VP3 biofertilizer when compared to other biofertilizers on the market generally gave better results on the parameters of growth and yield of soybeans in the field. This is indicated by the significant yield on leaf area per plant and yield of total seed weight per plot of soybean plant.
Disclosing the Genetic Diversity of ‘Earlibrite’ Strawberry Mutant Induced by Gamma-ray Irradiation Using ISSR Markers
Authors: Arisah H , Saptadi D , Ashari S , Agisimanto D , Yulianti F
Published: December 2022

Strawberry plantlets of the ‘Earlibrite’ variety were irradiated with gamma rays to induce genetic variability for resistance to abiotic stress. This study aimed to identify the DNA polymorphism of ‘Earlibrite’ strawberry mutants using ISSR markers. For this purpose, a population of M1V0 strawberry plants was gamma-irradiated at 20 Gy. In addition, the irradiated plantlets were subcultured onto MS medium enriched with 0.13 M of 1-NAA and 2 M of 6-BAP. The genetic variation of the mutant was molecularly analyzed using the ISSR marker. Analysis was performed on M1V0 mutant plantlets. The results showed that 93.36% of 192 scoreable bands produced by the ISSR markers were polymorphic. An average of PIC values was 0.48 per primer with a range of 0.40 (ISSR_56) to 0.50 (ISSR_22, ISSR_55, ISSR_58, ISSR_60, ISSR_61, ISSR_62 and ISSR_L10). The primer MI ranged from 2.38 (ISSR_62) to 4.85 (ISSR_21). The genetic variation of mutant individuals ranged from 2.74% to 87.04% according to the Jaccard similarity index. Cluster analysis using ISSR markers grouped the ‘Earlibrite’ strawberry mutant genotypes into five distinct groups. It is concluded that 20 Gy gamma-ray induced mutation produces strawberry mutants and that ISSR was a valuable marker for mutant identification.
Pineapple genetic diversity in Riau peat land assessed by Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) marker
Authors: Rosmaina  , Febriandi N , Ariyanti E , Elfianis R , Nilahayati  , Zulfahmi
Published: December 2022

Riau is one of the centers for pineapple production in Indonesia and harbored many local cultivar that have been cultivated for generations. The purpose of this study was to investigate the genetic diversity and genetic similarity between local cultivar in Riau based on RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) markers. Diversity analysis was carried out on ten local pineapple cultivar from five districts, namely Kampar, Indragiri Hilir, Siak, Bengkalis, and Dumai, using 11 RAPD primers. The PCR amplification result of the 11 RAPD primers selected generated a total 77 loci and the percentage of polymorphic loci was 96.42%. The high value of percentage of polymorphic loci reflected high diversity of pineapple in Riau propince. The values of genetic similarity coefficient of the pineapple genotypes in Riau Province ranged from 53% to 91%. The UPGMA dendrogram displayed that theQueenandSmooth Cayennecultivars were separated in different cluster, while the Gemilang cultivar (GT) was placed between the Smooth Cayenne and Queen groups. This finding confirmed that Gemilang cultivar was the result of the natural crossing pollination betweenSmooth CayenneandQueenpineapple.
Analysis of bioactive compounds from the leaves part of Melastoma malabatrichum, Clidemia hirta, Chromolaena odorata, and Ageratum conyzoides by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
Authors: Ismail N H , Hamid N A , Zain W Z W M , Latip S N H M , Hamzah F , Aani S N A
Published: December 2022

The broad-leaved weeds Melastoma malabathricum, Clidemia hirta, Chromolaena odorata, and Ageratum conyzoides are characterized as potential weeds due to their high nutritional value and abundance of chemical components for different bioactivities. GC-MS analysis was used in the current study to identify potential bioactive components, mainly for insecticidal activity. Extraction from the leaves of these weeds was done using different solvents like ethanol, acetone, and ethyl acetate. The findings of the GC-MS analysis revealed that the ethyl acetate extract, which has the largest peak area (93.23%), contains the major of the compounds present in the M.malabathricum leaf extract. GC-MS analysis of C.hirta revealed that the major compound is in the ethyl acetate extract with a 50.05% peak area. C.odorata showed the major compound in the ethanol extract with a 70.13% peak area. A.conyzoides shows that the major compound is in acetone extract with a 29.42% peak area. These are the compound name respectively. Methyl 7-octadecenoate for M.malabatrichum, 2-Hexadecen-1-ol, 3,7,11,15-tetramethyl for C.hirta, Palmitic acid, ethyl ester for C.odorata and α-Santalene for A.conyzoides. Some types of compounds found are known to have the potential as antibacterial, antiviral, antioxidant, insecticidal, and others.
The effectiveness of Fipronil active substances compared with imidacloprid to control Germany’s cockroaches (Blatella germanica L.)
Authors: Subekti N , Wulandari R , Millanio R R
Published: December 2022

Blattella germanica L. is a residential pest that can be a disease vector. One of the ways to control Blattella germanica is using toxic baiting. Fipronil and imidacloprid are chemicals used to kill cockroaches. The aim of this study is to compare the effectiveness of the active substances Fipronil and imidacloprid used to control the Blattella germanica. The methods of this study were test insects preparation, making toxic bait, toxic bait effectiveness test, mortality and data analysis calculation. The data were analyzed statistically using One Way ANOVA test and probit analysis. ANOVA test results obtained a significance value of 0.00 (P < 0.05), this indicated that there was a significant difference in the mortality percentage between the treatment groups. The highest deaths percentage occurred in the Blattella germanica group that was treated with a combination of bait and the active substance Fipronil. In addition, the lowest LT50 and LT90 occurred in the LT50 = 28.23 hours and LT90 = 72.10 hours. These results showed that the active substance Fipronil was more effective in controlling the Germany’s cockroach compared to imidacloprid.
Utilization of plastic bottle waste in eco-friendly wayang design for childrens
Authors: Munib J A , Pitana T S
Published: December 2022

Plastic bottle waste can damages the environment in the sea and land. Plastic bottles are non-biodegradable, it takes decades to decompose. The author got a creative idea to utilizing plastic bottle waste into eco friendly wayang design. The research using qualitative methods and prototype designs as a result of research, this program directed at creative process in responding to environmental sustainability and growing childrens awareness used of plastic bottle waste. New concept to answer in the environmental problems and introduces wayang as Indonesian culture which is made from plastic bottle waste.
The effect of agricultural waste biochar on the availability of silicon in ultisol and inceptisol under flooded conditions
Authors: Widijanto H , Suntoro  , Mujiyo  , Syamsiyah J
Published: December 2022

The research was conducted to know the effect of several kinds of biochar on the availability of Silicon (Si) on different soils in a flooded condition. The experiment used a complete randomized design (CRD) with two factors: biochar and soil type. Biochar type consists of B1 = rice straw; B2 = rice husk; B3 = sawdust; B4 = coconut shell; B5 = corn stover. Soil type consists of T1= Inceptisol and T2 = Ultisol. Each treatment is replicated three times. The experiment used 2 kg of soil, and the dose of biochar was 5 tons.ha−1. Incubation is carried out for four weeks by maintaining a water height of 5 cm. Soil observation parameters include organic carbon, total Si, available Si, water leached Si, and pH H2O. The data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance with 95% and 99% confidence levels, Duncan’s Multiple Range Test, and Correlation Test. The results showed that rice husks biochar has a higher total Si and available Si than other biochar. Rice husk biochar gives the highest available Si of Inceptisol (8.66 mg.kg−1) and Ultisol (7.49 mg.kg−1) compared to the other biochar. Silicon leaching ranges from 5.23-8.66% of soil available Si in both soils.
Institutional development of farmers through agricultural area-based corporations in Indonesia
Authors: Harjanto P , Fahmid I M , Ali S , Demmallino E B
Published: December 2022

Institutional development of farmers through corporations in agricultural areas in Indonesia faces basic problems with both formal organization and weak organizational capacity, thus partly causing institutional strengthening programs for farmers rather hard to achieve. This study aims to identify and formulate policy recommendations regarding the institutional development and its integration as necessary partners of agricultural area-based corporations. The analysis used is descriptive qualitative through interviews with key informants (key informants). The research itself was conducted at the Ministry of Agriculture in 2022. The results show that the integration of farmer institutions is carried out in a regional approach, providing a regional development management by building farmer corporations which process is carried out in Kostratani units. Meanwhile, the concept of a farmer corporation itself is only implicitly contained in Law No. 19 of 2013 concerning the Protection and Empowerment of Farmers, which is called the Farmer Economic Institution. Explicitly the concept of “farmer corporations” is stated in the Minister of Agriculture Number 18 of 2018 concerning Guidelines for the Development of Farmers’ Corporation-Based Agricultural Areas. Ensuring the development of corporate institutions can run well, it is necessary that the present farmer institutions in the form of Poktan and Gapoktan which are not that legally official as corporation entities, must be integrated with legal entities, namely cooperatives or companies.