bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Contemporary feeding practices in postoperative patients with Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Kim Ji-Yeon , Sarnaik Ajit , Farooqi Ahmad , Cashen Katherine
Published: March 2022

Background:

We aimed to assess the current nutritional practices in postoperative patients with Congenital Heart Disease.

Methods:

Cross-sectional electronic survey was sent to members of The Pediatric Cardiac Intensive Care Society.

Measurements and Main Results:

In Total, 52 members of the Pediatric Cardiac Intensive Care Society responded to the survey consisting of 14% paediatric intensivist, 53% paediatric cardiac intensivist, and 33% nurse/nurse practitioner with a median of 10 years of experience. There was an even distribution between intensivist (55%) and dietitian or nutritionist (45%) in nutrition management. Ninety-eight percent of respondents report that they would feed patients on inotropic or vasoactive support. Only 27% of respondents reported using indirect calorimetry in calculating resting energy expenditure which is the current gold standard. Academic hospitals compared to non-academic hospital were most likely to report feeding patients within 24 hours postoperative (p = 0.014). Having a feeding protocol was associated with feeding within 24 hours postoperative (p = 0.014) and associated with >50% goal intake by 48 hours postoperative (p = 0.025).

Conclusions:

Substantial variation in feeding practice still exists despite the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition guidelines from 2017. Report of institutional established feeding protocol was associated with increased early feeding and reaching goal feeds by 48 hours postoperative. Very few centres reported use of indirect calorimetry in postoperative paediatric cardiac intensive care patients and many respondents lacked knowledge about applications in this population. Additional work to determine optimal feeding pathways and assessment of caloric needs in this population is needed.
Using Xe Plasma FIB for High-Quality TEM Sample Preparation
Authors: Vitale Suzy M. , Sugar Joshua D.
Published: March 2022

A direct comparison between electron transparent transmission electron microscope (TEM) samples prepared with gallium (Ga) and xenon (Xe) focused ion beams (FIBs) is performed to determine if equivalent quality samples can be prepared with both ion species. We prepared samples using Ga FIB and Xe plasma focused ion beam (PFIB) while altering a variety of different deposition and milling parameters. The samples’ final thicknesses were evaluated using STEM-EELS t/λ data. Using the Ga FIB sample as a standard, we compared the Xe PFIB samples to the standard and to each other. We show that although the Xe PFIB sample preparation technique is quite different from the Ga FIB technique, it is possible to produce high-quality, large area TEM samples with Xe PFIB. We also describe best practices for a Xe PFIB TEM sample preparation workflow to enable consistent success for any thoughtful FIB operator. For Xe PFIB, we show that a decision must be made between the ultimate sample thickness and the size of the electron transparent region.
Vorticity Within Bursty Bulk Flows: Convective Versus Kinetic
Authors: Zhang L. Q. , Wang Chi. , Dai L. , Baumjohann W. , Lui A. T. Y. , Burch James L. , Khotyaintsev Yu V. , Ren Y.
Published: March 2022

Based on four‐point Magnetospheric Multiscale observation, we carefully analyze the vorticity field in the course of a reconnection jet on 27 June 2017. In this event, the convective electric field (Ec) is overwhelmed by the kinetic electric field (Ek). Accordingly, the ω‐field in the course of the BBF is dominated by kinetic vorticity (ωk). The ω‐field in the Ek‐dominated bursty bulk flow (BBF) is characterized by perpendicular anisotropy. Comparison of velocity‐curl vorticity () with E/B induced vorticity confirms a greater contribution to the BBF vorticity by E () than by B (). Power spectrum density reveals that in the Ek‐dominated BBF, the Ec and Ek spectra have different power laws. Ec dominates the B‐spectrum while Ek dominates the E‐spectrum. The Ec(B) spectrum has a −5/3‐like slope below 0.25 Hz but a −3‐like above 0.25 Hz. The Ek(E) spectrum is −5/3‐like at the low‐frequency end (below 0.1 Hz) but −2‐like at the high‐frequency end (above 2 Hz). Within its medium frequency range, the spectrum is flat. Particularly, the Ek(E) spectrum exhibits the bump at 1–2 Hz in the frequency domain. The solitary/bipolar E‐spikes, with typical temporal scale of 0.3–1 s, are likely responsible for the E‐bump. Finally, we statistically analyze and compare the vorticity field in Ek‐dominated and Ec ‐dominated BBFs. The result demonstrates that the Ek‐dominated BBF tends to have stronger vorticity than the Ec ‐dominated BBF.
Trends in Global Tropical Cyclone Activity: 1990–2021
Authors: Klotzbach Philip J. , Wood Kimberly M. , Schreck Carl J. , Bowen Steven G. , Patricola Christina M. , Bell Michael M.
Published: March 2022

This study investigates global tropical cyclone (TC) activity trends from 1990 to 2021, a period marked by largely consistent observational platforms. Several global TC metrics have decreased during this period, with significant decreases in hurricane numbers and Accumulated Cyclone Energy (ACE). Most of this decrease has been driven by significant downward trends in the western North Pacific. Globally, short‐lived named storms, 24‐hr intensification events of ≥50 kt day−1, and TC‐related damage have increased significantly. The increase in short‐lived named storms is likely due to technological improvements, while rapidly intensifying TC increases may be fueled by higher potential intensity. Damage increases are largely due to increased coastal assets. The significant decrease in hurricane numbers and global ACE are likely due to the trend toward a more La Niña‐like base state from 1990 to 2021, favoring North Atlantic TC activity and suppressing North and South Pacific TC activity.
Bayesian Inference of Fault Slip and Coupling Along the Tuosuo Lake Segment of the Kunlun Fault, China
Authors: Jian Huizi , Gong Wenyu , Li Yanchuan , Wang Lifeng
Published: March 2022

Integrating newly‐processed Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) and available Global Positioning System (GPS) data, we obtained a dense interseismic velocity field across the Tuosuo Lake segment of the Kunlun fault. Using a Bayesian approach, we obtained the spatial distribution of fault slip and coupling. The slip rate below the locking depth, which represents contemporary steady‐state faulting, demonstrates an overall decrease, and decreases non‐monotonically toward the eastern fault tip in the range of ∼5–11 mm/a. Two strongly locked zones are identified, extending 100–120 km along‐strike and being separated by narrow sections of moderate coupling. These locked zones were likely ruptured during the 1937 M 7.5 Huashixia earthquake. The estimated moment accumulation rate provides a recurrence time of 428 ± 57 years for an earthquake similar to the 1937 event. The Maduo Mw 7.3 earthquake on 21 May 2021 imposed stress loading on the locked zones, equivalent to tectonic loading of ∼10 years, implying increased seismic hazard along the Kunlun fault.
Seamless Projections of Global Storm Surge and Ocean Waves Under a Warming Climate
Authors: Shimura T. , Pringle W. J. , Mori N. , Miyashita T. , Yoshida K.
Published: March 2022

For coastal adaptation purposes, it is important to estimate the climate related changes in extreme sea levels due to storm surges and ocean waves, in addition to mean sea level rise. This study provides the first consistent and continuous estimation of projected changes in global storm surges and ocean waves from the past to the warmer future, based on an extremely high resolution global climate model. The spatial pattern in the trend of annual maximum sea surface heights and wave heights is predominantly driven by changes in tropical cyclone (TC) frequency. In the western North Pacific, future TC frequencies are projected to decrease, and the annual maximum sea surface heights and wave heights show decreasing trends (−20 cm/century and −200 cm/century). Although highly intense tropical cyclones are enhanced in the warmer climate, highly extreme storm surges and wave heights do not necessarily increase due to the large natural variability.
Joint Inversion of GNSS and GRACE for Terrestrial Water Storage Change in California
Authors: Carlson G. , Werth S. , Shirzaei M.
Published: March 2022

Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) vertical displacements measuring the elastic response of Earth's crust to changes in hydrologic mass have been used to produce terrestrial water storage change (∆TWS) estimates for studying both annual ∆TWS as well as multi‐year trends. However, these estimates require a high observation station density and minimal contamination by nonhydrologic deformation sources. The Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) is another satellite‐based measurement system that can be used to measure regional TWS fluctuations. The satellites provide highly accurate ∆TWS estimates with global coverage but have a low spatial resolution of ∼400 km. Here, we put forward the mathematical framework for a joint inversion of GNSS vertical displacement time series with GRACE ∆TWS to produce more accurate spatiotemporal maps of ∆TWS, accounting for the observation errors, data gaps, and nonhydrologic signals. We aim to utilize the regional sensitivity to ∆TWS provided by GRACE mascon solutions with higher spatial resolution provided by GNSS observations. Our approach utilizes a continuous wavelet transform to decompose signals into their building blocks and separately invert for long‐term and short‐term mass variations. This allows us to preserve trends, annual, interannual, and multi‐year changes in TWS that were previously challenging to capture by satellite‐based measurement systems or hydrological models, alone. We focus our study in California, USA, which has a dense GNSS network and where recurrent, intense droughts put pressure on freshwater supplies. We highlight the advantages of our joint inversion results for a tectonically active study region by comparing them against inversion results that use only GNSS vertical deformation as well as with maps of ∆TWS from hydrological models and other GRACE solutions. We find that our joint inversion framework results in a solution that is regionally consistent with the GRACE ∆TWS solutions at different temporal scales but has an increased spatial resolution that allows us to differentiate between regions of high and low mass change better than using GRACE alone.
Mechanisms of Submarine Debris Flow Growth
Authors: Du Jianting , Choi Clarence Edward , Yu Jiantao , Thakur Vikas
Published: March 2022

Submarine debris flows are among the largest types of landslide on planet Earth. They occur under the cloak of the sea so little is known about how they reach such large volumes. Field evidence suggests that the entrainment from the sediment‐rich sea floor enables the growth of submarine debris flows. However, there is a dearth of understanding of the dynamic processes of entrainment. In this study, a new entrainment model is proposed for submarine debris flows with different clay contents. The entrainment model considers the relative contributions from basal grain friction and fluid viscous stresses that drive the entrainment process, and the effects of hydroplaning. To evaluate the new model, a new experimental setup is developed to simulate submarine debris flows, with clay contents from 4% to 12%, overriding and entraining a loose sand bed. The clay content is found to have profound effects on the entrainment dynamics. Flows with high clay contents (i.e., ≥10%) hydroplane, which enhances the mobility of the flow but reduces its entrainment potential. The predicted entrainment depths from the proposed model are consistent with the measured ones from the experiments. The proposed theoretical model and unique experimental evidence can be used as guiding tools to progress toward the inclusion of entrainment in vulnerability assessments of offshore infrastructure.
Fbxo45 facilitates pancreatic carcinoma progression by targeting USP49 for ubiquitination and degradation
Authors: Wu Linhui , Yu Ke , Chen Kai , Zhu Xuelian , Yang Zheng , Wang Qi , Gao Junjie , Wang Yingying , Cao Tong , Xu Hui , Pan Xueshan , Wang Lixia , Xia Jun , Li Yuyun , Wang Zhiwei Peter , Ma Jia
Published: March 2022

Fbxo45, a conserved F-box protein, comprises of an atypical SKP1, CUL1, F-box protein (SCF) ubiquitin ligase complex that promotes tumorigenesis and development. However, the biological function and molecular mechanisms of Fbxo45 involved in pancreatic carcinogenesis are ambiguous. We conducted several approaches, including transfection, coIP, real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), Western blotting, ubiquitin assays, and animal studies, to explore the role of Fbxo45 in pancreatic cancer. Here, we report that USP49 stability is governed by Fbxo45-mediated ubiquitination and is enhanced by the absence of Fbxo45. Moreover, Fbxo45 binds to a short consensus sequence of USP49 through its SPRY domain. Furthermore, Fbxo45-mediated USP49 ubiquitination and degradation are enhanced by NEK6 kinase. Functionally, Fbxo45 increases cell viability and motility capacity by targeting USP49 in pancreatic cancer cells. Xenograft mouse experiments demonstrated that ectopic expression of Fbxo45 enhanced tumor growth in mice and that USP49 overexpression inhibited tumor growth in vivo. Notably, Fbxo45 expression was negatively associated with USP49 expression in pancreatic cancer tissues. Fbxo45 serves as an oncoprotein to facilitate pancreatic oncogenesis by regulating the stability of the tumor suppressor USP49 in pancreatic cancer.
Tau deposition patterns are associated with functional connectivity in primary tauopathies
Authors: Franzmeier Nicolai , Brendel Matthias , Beyer Leonie , Slemann Luna , Kovacs Gabor G. , Arzberger Thomas , Kurz Carolin , Respondek Gesine , Lukic Milica J. , Biel Davina , Rubinski Anna , Frontzkowski Lukas , Hummel Selina , Müller Andre , Finze Anika , Palleis Carla , Joseph Emanuel , Weidinger Endy , Katzdobler Sabrina , Song Mengmeng , Biechele Gloria , Kern Maike , Scheifele Maximilian , Rauchmann Boris-Stephan , Perneczky Robert , Rullman Michael , Patt Marianne , Schildan Andreas , Barthel Henryk , Sabri Osama , Rumpf Jost J. , Schroeter Matthias L. , Classen Joseph , Villemagne Victor , Seibyl John , Stephens Andrew W. , Lee Edward B. , Coughlin David G. , Giese Armin , Grossman Murray , McMillan Corey T. , Gelpi Ellen , Molina-Porcel Laura , Compta Yaroslau , van Swieten John C. , Laat Laura Donker , Troakes Claire , Al-Sarraj Safa , Robinson John L. , Xie Sharon X. , Irwin David J. , Roeber Sigrun , Herms Jochen , Simons Mikael , Bartenstein Peter , Lee Virginia M. , Trojanowski John Q. , Levin Johannes , Höglinger Günter , Ewers Michael
Published: March 2022

Tau pathology is the main driver of neuronal dysfunction in 4-repeat tauopathies, including cortico-basal degeneration and progressive supranuclear palsy. Tau is assumed to spread prion-like across connected neurons, but the mechanisms of tau propagation are largely elusive in 4-repeat tauopathies, characterized not only by neuronal but also by astroglial and oligodendroglial tau accumulation. Here, we assess whether connectivity is associated with 4R-tau deposition patterns by combining resting-state fMRI connectomics with both 2nd generation 18F-PI-2620 tau-PET in 46 patients with clinically diagnosed 4-repeat tauopathies and post-mortem cell-type-specific regional tau assessments from two independent progressive supranuclear palsy patient samples (n = 97 and n = 96). We find that inter-regional connectivity is associated with higher inter-regional correlation of both tau-PET and post-mortem tau levels in 4-repeat tauopathies. In regional cell-type specific post-mortem tau assessments, this association is stronger for neuronal than for astroglial or oligodendroglial tau, suggesting that connectivity is primarily associated with neuronal tau accumulation. Using tau-PET we find further that patient-level tau patterns are associated with the connectivity of subcortical tau epicenters. Together, the current study provides combined in vivo tau-PET and histopathological evidence that brain connectivity is associated with tau deposition patterns in 4-repeat tauopathies.
Electrical modulation of transplanted stem cells improves functional recovery in a rodent model of stroke
Authors: Oh Byeongtaek , Santhanam Sruthi , Azadian Matine , Swaminathan Vishal , Lee Alex G. , McConnell Kelly W. , Levinson Alexa , Song Shang , Patel Jainith J. , Gardner Emily E. , George Paul M.
Published: March 2022

Stroke is a leading cause of long-term disability worldwide, intensifying the need for effective recovery therapies. Stem cells are a promising stroke therapeutic, but creating ideal conditions for treatment is essential. Here we developed a conductive polymer system for stem cell delivery and electrical modulation in animals. Using this system, electrical modulation of human stem cell transplants improve functional stroke recovery in rodents. Increased endogenous stem cell production corresponds with improved function. Transcriptome analysis identified stanniocalcin 2 (STC2) as one of the genes most significantly upregulated by electrical stimulation. Lentiviral upregulation and downregulation of STC2 in the transplanted stem cells demonstrate that this glycoprotein is an essential mediator in the functional improvements seen with electrical modulation. Moreover, intraventricular administration of recombinant STC2 post-stroke confers functional benefits. In summation, our conductive polymer system enables electrical modulation of stem cells as a potential method to improve recovery and identify important therapeutic targets.
Measuring mechanical anisotropy of the cornea with Brillouin microscopy
Authors: Eltony Amira M. , Shao Peng , Yun Seok-Hyun
Published: March 2022

Load-bearing tissues are typically fortified by networks of protein fibers, often with preferential orientations. This fiber structure imparts the tissues with direction-dependent mechanical properties optimized to support specific external loads. To accurately model and predict tissues’ mechanical response, it is essential to characterize the anisotropy on a microstructural scale. Previously, it has been difficult to measure the mechanical properties of intact tissues noninvasively. Here, we use Brillouin optical microscopy to visualize and quantify the anisotropic mechanical properties of corneal tissues at different length scales. We derive the stiffness tensor for a lamellar network of collagen fibrils and use angle-resolved Brillouin measurements to determine the longitudinal stiffness coefficients (longitudinal moduli) describing the ex vivo porcine cornea as a transverse isotropic material. Lastly, we observe significant mechanical anisotropy of the human cornea in vivo, highlighting the potential for clinical applications of off-axis Brillouin microscopy.
Neural oscillations during motor imagery of complex gait: an HdEEG study
Authors: Putzolu Martina , Samogin Jessica , Cosentino Carola , Mezzarobba Susanna , Bonassi Gaia , Lagravinese Giovanna , Vato Alessandro , Mantini Dante , Avanzino Laura , Pelosin Elisa
Published: March 2022

The aim of this study was to investigate differences between usual and complex gait motor imagery (MI) task in healthy subjects using high-density electroencephalography (hdEEG) with a MI protocol. We characterized the spatial distribution of α- and β-bands oscillations extracted from hdEEG signals recorded during MI of usual walking (UW) and walking by avoiding an obstacle (Dual-Task, DT). We applied a source localization algorithm to brain regions selected from a large cortical-subcortical network, and then we analyzed α and β bands Event-Related Desynchronizations (ERDs). Nineteen healthy subjects visually imagined walking on a path with (DT) and without (UW) obstacles. Results showed in both gait MI tasks, α- and β-band ERDs in a large cortical-subcortical network encompassing mostly frontal and parietal regions. In most of the regions, we found α- and β-band ERDs in the DT compared with the UW condition. Finally, in the β band, significant correlations emerged between ERDs and scores in imagery ability tests. Overall we detected MI gait-related α- and β-band oscillations in cortical and subcortical areas and significant differences between UW and DT MI conditions. A better understanding of gait neural correlates may lead to a better knowledge of pathophysiology of gait disturbances in neurological diseases.
Function of SYDE C2-RhoGAP family as signaling hubs for neuronal development deduced by computational analysis
Authors: Kouchi Zen , Kojima Masaki
Published: March 2022

Recent investigations of neurological developmental disorders have revealed the Rho-family modulators such as Syde and its interactors as the candidate genes. Although the mammalian Syde proteins are reported to possess GTPase-accelerating activity for RhoA-family proteins, diverse species-specific substrate selectivities and binding partners have been described, presumably based on their evolutionary variance in the molecular organization. A comprehensive in silico analysis of Syde family proteins was performed to elucidate their molecular functions and neurodevelopmental networks. Predicted structural modeling of the RhoGAP domain may account for the molecular constraints to substrate specificity among Rho-family proteins. Deducing conserved binding motifs can extend the Syde interaction network and highlight diverse but Syde isoform-specific signaling pathways in neuronal homeostasis, differentiation, and synaptic plasticity from novel aspects of post-translational modification and proteolysis.
A straightforward edge centrality concept derived from generalizing degree and strength
Authors: Bröhl Timo , Lehnertz Klaus
Published: March 2022

Vertex degree—the number of edges that are incident to a vertex—is a fundamental concept in network theory. It is the historically first and conceptually simplest centrality concept to rate the importance of a vertex for a network’s structure and dynamics. Unlike many other centrality concepts, for which joint metrics have been proposed for both vertices and edges, by now there is no concept for an edge centrality analogous to vertex degree. Here, we propose such a concept—termed nearest-neighbor edge centrality—and demonstrate its suitability for a non-redundant identification of central edges in paradigmatic network models as well as in real-world networks from various scientific domains.
Monitoring fluid intake by commercially available smart water bottles
Authors: Cohen Rachel , Fernie Geoff , Roshan Fekr Atena
Published: March 2022

Fluid intake is important to prevent dehydration and reduce recurrent kidney stones. There has been a trend in recent years to develop tools to monitor fluid intake using “smart” products such as smart bottles. Several commercial smart bottles are available, mainly targeting health-conscious adults. To the best of our knowledge, these bottles have not been validated in the literature. This study compares four commercially available smart bottles in terms of both performance and functionality. These bottles are the H2OPal, HidrateSpark Steel, HidrateSpark 3, and Thermos Smart Lid. One hundred intake events for each bottle were recorded and analyzed versus ground truth obtained from a high-resolution weight scale. The H2OPal had the lowest Mean Percent Error (MPE) and was able to balance out errors throughout multiple sips. The HidrateSpark 3 provided the most consistent and reliable results, with the lowest per sip error. The MPE values for HidrateSpark bottles were further improved using linear regression, as they had more consistent individual error values. The Thermos Smart Lid provides the lowest accuracy, as the sensors do not extend through the entire bottle, leading to many missed recordings.
Z-folding aircraft electromagnetic scattering analysis based on hybrid grid matrix transformation
Authors: Zhou Zeyang , Huang Jun
Published: March 2022

To study the electromagnetic scattering characteristics of a morphing aircraft with Z-folding wings, a method of hybrid grid matrix transformation (HGMT) is presented. The radar cross-section (RCS) of the aircraft in the four Z-folding modes is calculated and analyzed. When considering the deflection of the outer wing separately, the RCS of the wing under the head and side azimuth shows obvious dynamic characteristics, while the peak and fluctuation range are quite different. When the mid wing and the outer wing are deflected upwards together, the RCS of the aircraft under the positive side direction could be significantly reduced. When the mid wing deflects upward and the outer wing remains level, the peak of the side RCS of the aircraft is slightly reduced. When the mid wing deflects upwards and the outer wing deflects downwards, this peak indicator is further reduced, while the local fluctuation of the side RCS of the aircraft is increased. The HGMT method is effective to study the electromagnetic scattering characteristics of the Z-folding aircraft.
Belief in biological origin of race (racial essentialism) increases sensitivities to cultural category changes measured by ERP mismatch negativity (MMN)
Authors: Zeng Ginger Qinghong , Xiao Xue-Zhen , Wang Yang , Tse Chun-Yu
Published: March 2022

The dynamic multicultural view explains culture-specific effects on cognition that cultural knowledge is organized in multiple knowledge systems which are specific to each culture and differentially activated when exposed to related objects or scenes. This view predicts automatic categorizations of environmental information according to the culture-specific knowledge systems. This study investigated whether cultural information could be spontaneously categorized, and the modulation of this process by the belief in the biological origin of race (i.e., racial essentialism) with an event-related brain potential, the visual Mismatch Negativity (vMMN). Deviant pictures of Eastern (Western) culture were randomly presented in a stream of standard Western (Eastern) pictures while participants were playing a video game. Participants who endorse racial essentialism (high group) showed vMMNs to the deviants with high relevance to the Eastern or Western culture and the deviant with low Eastern relevance; while participants with low racial essentialism showed vMMN to the deviant with high Eastern relevance only. These results revealed spontaneous cultural categorization with vMMN and the top-down modulation of spontaneous categorization by personal belief. In addition, this is the first demonstration of MMNs to cultural deviance and the potentials in applying MMNs to study psychological essentialism and social categorization.
Author Correction: Functional consequences of Palaeozoic reef collapse
Authors: Bridge Tom C. L. , Baird Andrew H. , Pandolfi John M. , McWilliam Michael J. , Zapalski Mikołaj K.
Published: March 2022

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
An Aotearoa New Zealand survey of the impact and diagnostic delay for endometriosis and chronic pelvic pain
Authors: Tewhaiti-Smith Jordan , Semprini Alex , Bush Deborah , Anderson Augustus , Eathorne Allie , Johnson Neil , Girling Jane , East Michael , Marriott Joy , Armour Mike
Published: March 2022

Chronic pelvic pain (CPP) causes important negative effects on quality of life. Endometriosis is the most common cause of CPP in females, and diagnostic delay is over six years internationally. Data remain scarce for CPP impact or diagnostic delay in Aotearoa New Zealand. This study used an online survey to explore the impact of CPP on various life domains for those aged over 18. Additionally, for those with an endometriosis diagnosis, diagnostic delay and factors affecting this over time were explored. There were 800 respondent (620 with self-reported endometriosis). CPP symptoms, irrespective of final diagnosis, started prior to age 20 and negatively impacted multiple life domains including employment, education, and relationships. Mean diagnostic delay for those with endometriosis was 8.7 years, including 2.9 years between symptom onset and first presentation and 5.8 years between first presentation and diagnosis. Five doctors on average were seen prior to diagnosis. However, there was a reduction in the interval between first presentation and diagnosis over time, from 8.4 years for those presenting before 2005, to two years for those presenting after 2012. While diagnostic delay is decreasing, CPP, irrespective of aetiology, continues to have a significant negative impact on the lives of those affected.
Evaluation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) level in the tears and serum of age-related macular degeneration patients
Authors: Shahidatul-Adha Mohamad , Zunaina Embong , Aini-Amalina Mazlan N.
Published: March 2022

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is an important cause of irreversible central blindness worldwide. Clinical manifestations range from asymptomatic in early and intermediate AMD to significant vision loss in late AMD. Approximately 10% of cases of early AMD eventually progress to the late advanced stage, influenced by the upregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). In this study, we evaluated VEGF concentration in the tears and serum of AMD patients. Our study revealed a significantly higher level of VEGF in the tears of patients with AMD compared with controls. The tear VEGF level has high sensitivity and specificity, and is significantly related to the severity of AMD, whilst serum VEGF level is non-specific and non-predictive of AMD severity. Thus, VEGF level in the tears may be used as a non-invasive biomarker for AMD progression. A large cohort study is needed for further verification.
Author Correction: Generation of nonlinearity in the electrical response of yeast suspensions
Authors: Tamura K. , Muraji M. , Tanaka K. , Shirafuji T.
Published: March 2022

The mechanism through which nonlinearity is generated in the response waveform of the electric current
The role of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation and ocean-atmosphere interactions in driving US temperature predictability
Authors: Vijverberg Sem , Coumou Dim
Published: March 2022

Heatwaves can have devastating impact on society and reliable early warnings at several weeks lead time are needed. Previous studies showed that north-Pacific sea surface temperatures (SST) can provide long-lead predictability for eastern US temperature, mediated by an atmospheric Rossby wave. The exact mechanisms, however, are not well understood. Here we analyze two different Rossby waves associated with temperature variability in western and eastern US, respectively. Causal discovery analyses reveal that both waves are characterized by positive ocean-atmosphere feedbacks at daily timescales. Only for the eastern US, a long-lead causal link from SSTs to the Rossby wave exists, which generates summer temperature predictability. We show that this SST forcing mechanism originates from the evolution of the winter-to-spring Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO). During pronounced winter-to-spring PDO phases (either positive or negative) eastern US summer temperature forecast skill more than doubles, providing a temporary window of enhanced long-lead predictability.
Terahertz spectroscopy for interpreting the formation and hierarchical structures of silk fibroin oligopeptides
Authors: Bian Yujing , Wu Xiaodong , Zhu Zhenqi , Zhang Xun , Zeng Ruonan , Yang Bin
Published: March 2022

THz spectroscopy combined with DFT calculation and PED analysis was successfully employed to interpret the formation and hierarchical structures of silk fibroin oligopeptides via a “bottom-up” strategy.
First-principles calculations of 0D/2D GQDs–MoS2 mixed van der Waals heterojunctions for photocatalysis: a transition from type I to type II
Authors: Luo Li-Long , Wang Ping-Xia , Geng Xiang-Yan , Liu Ying-Tao , Eglitis Roberts I. , Xia Hong-Qiang , Lai Xiao-Yong , Wang Xin
Published: March 2022

The type II band alignment of 0D/2D GQDs–MoS2 is realized by increasing the size of GQDs, beneficial to photocatalysis.
Tunable and switchable multi-functional terahertz metamaterials based on a hybrid vanadium dioxide–graphene integrated configuration
Authors: Tang Bin , Ren Yi
Published: March 2022

An actively tunable and switchable multi-functional metamaterial device based on VO2 and graphene is proposed. The functions of the proposed device can be switched between asymmetric transmission and polarization conversions in terahertz regions.
Electron delocalisation in conjugated sulfur heterocycles probed by resonant Auger spectroscopy
Authors: Martins Jessica B. , de Moura Carlos E. V. , Goldsztejn Gildas , Travnikova Oksana , Guillemin Renaud , Ismail Iyas , Journel Loïc , Koulentianos Dimitrios , Barbatti Mario , Lago Alexsandre F. , Céolin Denis , Rocco Maria Luiza M. , Püttner Ralph , Piancastelli Maria Novella , Simon Marc , Marchenko Tatiana
Published: March 2022

Conjugation and hyperconjugation in core-excited states of organosulfur molecules probed by a novel experimental and theoretical approach using resonant Auger spectroscopy.
Pot-pollen supplementation reduces fasting glucose and modulates the gut microbiota in high-fat/high-sucrose fed C57BL/6 mice
Authors: Rebelo Kemilla Sarmento , Nunez Carla Evelyn Coimbra , Cazarin Cinthia Baú Betim , Maróstica Júnior Mário Roberto , Kristiansen Karsten , Danneskiold-Samsøe Niels Banhos
Published: March 2022

Pot-pollen decreased fasting glucose, increased the abundance of Romboutsia and decreased the abundance of Rikenellaceae RC9. Spearman's correlations suggested that modulation of the gut microbiota had beneficial effects on systemic glucose metabolism in mice. Figure created in the Mind the Graph platform.
Recovery of cobalt from lithium-ion battery cathode material by combining solvoleaching and solvent extraction
Authors: Peeters Nand , Binnemans Koen , Riaño Sofía
Published: March 2022

Intensified solvometallurgical process by combining solvoleaching and solvent extraction to recover cobalt from lithium cobalt oxide, in presence of current collectors aluminium and copper.
Construction of biocatalytic cascades for the synthesis of benzylisoquinoline alkaloids from p-coumaric acid derivatives and dopamine
Authors: Zhao Mingtao , Qin Ziqing , Abdullah Abdullah , Xiao Yi
Published: March 2022

Biocatalytic cascades were developed to synthesize 15 benzylisoquinoline alkaloids in excellent ee values from dopamine and p-coumaric acid derivatives.
Efficient charge transfer from organometal lead halide perovskite nanocrystals to free base meso-tetraphenylporphyrins
Authors: Jha Abha , Shankar Hari , Kumar Sandeep , Sankar Muniappan , Kar Prasenjit
Published: March 2022

We reported the efficient charge transfer studies from methylammonium lead halide, MAPbX3 (X = Br, I), perovskite nanocrystals (PNCs) to 5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin (TPP).
Synthesis of aryl cobalt and iron complexes and their catalytic activity on hydrosilylation of alkenes
Authors: Huang Wei , Lu Jiahui , Fan Qingqing , Li Xiaoyan , Hinz Alexander , Sun Hongjian
Published: March 2022

Four aryl Co and Fe complexes, (F4C5N)CoCl(PMe3)3 (1), (F4C5N)Fe(PMe3)4 (2), (F5C6)CoCl(PMe3)3 (3) and (F4C5)FeCl(PMe3)3(4), were synthesized from the reactions of 3-chloro-2,4,5,6-tetrafluoro-pyridine and chloropentafluorobenzene with Co(PMe3)4and Fe(PMe3)4, respectively.
X-ray wavefunction refinement and comprehensive structural studies on bromo-substituted analogues of 2-deoxy-d-glucose in solid state and solution
Authors: Ziemniak Marcin , Pawlędzio Sylwia , Zawadzka-Kaźmierczuk Anna , Dominiak Paulina M. , Trzybiński Damian , Koźmiński Wiktor , Zieliński Rafał , Fokt Izabela , Priebe Waldemar , Woźniak Krzysztof , Pająk Beata
Published: March 2022

The structural studies on two bromo-substituted derivatives of 2-deoxy-d-glucose (2-DG), namely 2-deoxy-2-bromo-d-glucose (2-BG) and 2-deoxy-2-bromo-d-mannose (2-BM) are described.
Achieving high breakdown strength and energy density in all-organic sandwich-structured dielectrics by introducing polyacrylate elastomers
Authors: Wang Chao , He Guanghu , Chen Sheng , Luo Hang , Yang Ying , Zhang Dou
Published: March 2022

Our research provides a potential pathway to develop advanced polymer capacitors for various electric applications based on ferroelectric polymers with a layered architecture and organic elastomer fillers.
Single-source-precursor derived multicomponent CNTs/Fe3Si/Fe/SiOCN ceramic nanocomposites: microstructural evolution and excellent electromagnetic wave absorbing properties
Authors: Yu Zhaoju , Zhu Qikun , Li Fen , Chen Ting , Du Hanzi
Published: March 2022

Multicomponent CNTs/Fe3Si/Fe/SiOCN ceramic nanocomposites are fabricated by a single-source-precursor approach, exhibiting excellent electromagnetic wave absorbing properties.
Rapid and sensitive detection of tert-butylhydroquinone in soybean oil using a gold-based paper sensor
Authors: Xu Xinxin , Chao Mengjia , Guo Xin , Kuang Hua , Liu Liqiang , Xu Liguang , Xu Chuanlai
Published: March 2022

Rapid and sensitive detection of tert-butylhydroquinone in soybean oil using gold-based paper sensor was developed. The visual limit of detection (LOD) was 50 ng g−1 and the cut-off value was 1000 ng g−1.
Correction: Determination of aflatoxin M1 using an aptamer-based biosensor immobilized on the surface of dendritic fibrous nano-silica functionalized by amine groups
Authors: Kholafazad kordasht Houman , Moosavy Mir-Hassan , Hasanzadeh Mohammad , Soleymani Jafar , Mokhtarzadeh Ahad
Published: March 2022

Correction for ‘Determination of aflatoxin M1 using an aptamer-based biosensor immobilized on the surface of dendritic fibrous nano-silica functionalized by amine groups’ by Houman Kholafazad kordasht et al., Anal. Methods, 2019, 11, 3910–3919, DOI: 10.1039/C9AY01185D.
Transition-metal-free approaches to 2,3-diarylated indenones from 2-alkynylbenzaldehydes and phenols with tunable selectivity
Authors: Yao Tuanli , Zhao Shuaijing , Liu Tao , Wu Yuting , Ma Yanhui , Li Tao , Qin Xiangyang
Published: March 2022

The first transition-metal-free synthesis of 2,3-diarylindenones with tunable selectivity via tandem annulation of 2-alkynylbenzaldehydes with phenols has been developed.
Self-association of diphenylpnictoginic acids in solution and solid state: covalent vs. hydrogen bonding
Authors: Yakubenko Artyom A. , Puzyk Aleksandra M. , Korostelev Vladislav O. , Mulloyarova Valeriia V. , Tupikina Elena Yu. , Tolstoy Peter M. , Antonov Alexander S.
Published: March 2022

Self-association of diphenylpnictoginic acids Ph2XOOH was studied in solution and solid state. Diphenylbismuthinic and diphenylantimonic acids form polymeric covalent adducts, while diphenylphosphinic and diphenylarsinic form H-bonded associates.
Thermal fluctuation and conformational effects on NMR parameters in β-O-4 lignin dimers from QM/MM and machine-learning approaches
Authors: Aguilera-Segura Sonia Milena , Dragún Dominik , Gaumard Robin , Di Renzo Francesco , Ondík Irina Malkin , Mineva Tzonka
Published: March 2022

Quantum chemical and machine-learning methods may enable high throughput into the structural and dynamics effects on NMR parameters in lignin fragments.
Effects of adatom species on the structure, stability, and work function of adatom-α-borophene nanocomposites
Authors: He Jing , Zheng Bing , Xie Ying , Qian Yin-yin , Zhang Jiao , Wang Ke , Yang Lin , Yu Hai-tao
Published: March 2022

We investigate the evolution of the geometry, stability, electronic structure, and work function with changing IP and electronegativity of adatoms (Li–Cs; Be–Ba; F–I) in the adatom-α-borophene system.
Improving the emission intensity of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy by tip discharge of a Tesla coil
Authors: Wang Qiuyun , Dang Weijie , Jiang Yuanfei , Chen Anmin , Jin Mingxing
Published: March 2022

This study combined Tesla coil discharge with laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy to improve the spectral intensity of Cu plasmas. The spectral intensity can be increased by about 40 times using Tesla coil discharge.
Isotopic measurements using ICP-MS: a tutorial review
Authors: Penanes Pelayo Alvarez , Galán Aida Reguera , Huelga-Suarez Gonzalo , Rodríguez-Castrillón J. Ángel , Moldovan Mariella , Garcia Alonso J. Ignacio
Published: March 2022

The isotopic information provided by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) is revised from a tutorial point of view covering both the use of enriched stable isotopes and the measurement of natural variations in the isotopic composition of the elements.
Fabrication of an ultra-stable composite electrode material of La2O3/Co3O4/graphene on nickel foam for high-performance supercapacitors
Authors: Wang Zijing , Lu Shixiang , Xu Wenguo , Wang Ziwen , Zuo Hao
Published: March 2022

A three-dimensional lily-like structure was constructed by the novel combination of La2O3, Co3O4, and graphene on nickel foam (LCGN) through hydrothermal synthesis and thermal annealing.
Nanoscale SPR sensor for the ultrasensitive detection of the ovarian cancer marker carbohydrate antigen 125
Authors: Diken Gür Sinem , Bakhshpour Monireh , Denizli Adil
Published: March 2022

In this study, a nanoscale surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor was developed to determine the ovarian cancer marker carbohydrate antigen (CA) 125 level in serum utilizing the molecular imprinting method.
Density functional theory simulation of the deoxygenation of lignite model compounds in the aqueous phase under a CO atmosphere catalyzed by OH− ions
Authors: Zheng Qing , Wang Huhu , Peng Wencai , Zhang Jianshu , Zhang Jinli , Tong Yanbin , Li Jun
Published: March 2022

The most probable active H species (H−) in the CO–OH− system and the catalytic cycle of OH− in this process were identified.
Highly dispersed silver nanoparticles supported on a hydroxyapatite catalyst with different morphologies for CO oxidation
Authors: Lan Yu-Ting , Yang Xin-Yu , Liu Shi-Xin , Miao Yu-Xin , Zhao Zhen
Published: March 2022

The well confinement of nano-Ag NPs not only decreased their agglomeration with the SMSI effect but also significantly improved their dispersion in catalytic reactions.
The solvent-free and aerobic oxidation of benzyl alcohol catalyzed by Pd supported on carbon nitride/CeO2 composites
Authors: Yi Xin-Tong , Li Chun-Yuan , Wang Fei , Xu Jie , Xue Bing
Published: March 2022

Palladium catalysts supported on carbon nitride/ceria composites showed superior activity during the solvent-free and aerobic oxidation of benzyl alcohol to benzaldehyde.
NaYF4:Yb3+(58%),Tm3+@NaYF4@Au nanocomposite for 4-nitrophenol ultrasensitive quantitative detection and highly efficient catalytic reduction
Authors: Xu Xia , Fu Meirong , Yang Min , Hu Bing , Yang Jitao , Gui Wenjun , Guo Jinxiu
Published: March 2022

NaYF4:Yb3+(58%),Tm3+@NaYF4@Au composite nanomaterials were designed and synthesized through condition optimization for the quantitative detection and catalytic reduction of 4-NP.
Broadened optical absorption, enhanced photoelectric conversion and ultrafast carrier dynamics of N, P co-doped carbon dots
Authors: Pan Yatao , Wei Zhongran , Ma Mengdi , Zhang Xin , Chi Zhen , He Yulu , Wang Xiaojuan , Ran Xia , Guo Lijun
Published: March 2022

Effective P-doping of N-CDs can significantly improve the optical absorption, carrier dynamics and photoelectric conversion properties.
Surface enhanced Raman scattering for probing cellular biochemistry
Authors: Spedalieri Cecilia , Kneipp Janina
Published: March 2022

Surface enhanced Raman scattering of living cells can be used to study molecule–nanostructure interactions and biochemical processes in vivo.
Increased block copolymer length improves intracellular availability of protein cargo
Authors: Hango Christopher R. , Davis Hazel C. , Uddin Esha A. , Minter Lisa M. , Tew Gregory N.
Published: March 2022

Amphiphilic protein transduction domain mimics (PTDMs) of various lengths were used for protein delivery in Jurkat T cells. Although longer PTDMs facilitated greater cargo internalization, shorter PTDMs yielded greater cargo activity.
Theoretical investigation of the α-substitution effect on γ-C(sp3)–H arylation of amines: structure–reactivity relationship (SRR) studies
Authors: Chen Yong-Hui , Ni Shao-Fei , Li Ming-De , Dang Li
Published: March 2022

The mechanism for palladium catalyzed aliphatic amine γ-C(sp3)–H arylation enabled by the catalytic transient directing groups TDG1 and TDG2 is investigated in this study.
Highly dispersed and stable nano zero-valent iron doped electrospun carbon nanofiber composite for aqueous hexavalent chromium removal
Authors: Niu Qijian , Liu Meili , Fang Longyang , Yu Yangyang , Cheng Liang , You Tianyan
Published: March 2022

Improving the dispersion and stability of nano zero-valent iron (nZVI) is very important for its practical application.
Synthesis of C-prenylated analogues of stilbenoid methyl ethers and their cyclic dihydrobenzopyranyl derivatives as potential anti-inflammatory agents
Authors: Pizova Hana , Malanik Milan , Smejkal Karel , Oravec Michal , Bobal Pavel
Published: March 2022

An efficient and versatile synthesis of the naturally occurring C-prenylated stilbenoid methyl ethers and synthetic analogs has been developed.
Metal-free photoredox-catalyzed direct α-oxygenation of N,N-dibenzylanilines to imides under visible light
Authors: Neerathilingam Nalladhambi , Anandhan Ramasamy
Published: March 2022

A visible-light-mediated direct α-oxygenation of N,N-dibenzylanilines to imides in the presence of [Acr+-Mes]BF4 as a metal-free photocatalyst and O2 as a green oxidant.
Pd(/Fe3O4)-on-ZIFs: nanoparticle deposition on (nano-)MOFs from ionic liquids
Authors: Koikolainen Olga , Sondermann Linda , Roitsch Stefan , Simon Ilka , Dietrich Dennis , Gvilava Vasily , Barthel Juri , Thomas Jörg , Janiak Christoph , Boldog Ishtvan
Published: March 2022

Selected ionic liquids are efficient media for deposition of Pd nanoparticles on nano- or micro- (100–2500 nm) crystals of different zeolitic imidazolate frameworks at 180-230 °C (MW, 1–10 min).
Spin to charge conversion in chemically deposited epitaxial La0.9MnO3 thin films capped with Pt
Authors: Martin-Rio Sergi , Pomar Alberto , Frontera Carlos , Wang Hailin , Manzorro Ramón , Magén César , Balcells Lluis , Mestres Narcis , Martinez Benjamin
Published: March 2022

Spin-charge conversion process is studied in La0.92MnO3/Pt prepared by polymer-assisted deposition. Significant spin transport across the LMO/Pt interface is achieved thus, LMO could be a promising building block for all-oxide spintronics devices.
A high thermal stability Cr3+-doped gallate far red phosphor for plant lighting: structure, luminescence enhancement and application prospect
Authors: Zhou Cheng , Peng Lu , Kong Zihui , Wu Meihan , Molokeev Maxim S. , Zhou Zhi , Wang Jing , Xia Mao
Published: March 2022

Structure modification optimization of ZGO:Cr3+ phosphor for improving luminescence properties for plant growth.