bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The involvement of AtMKK1 and AtMKK3 in plant-deleterious microbial volatile compounds-induced innate immunity.
Authors: Chang Ching-Han , Wang Wu-Guei , Su Pei-Yu , Chen Yu-Shuo , Nguyen Tri-Phuong , Xu Jian , Ohme-Takagi Masaru , Mimura Tetsuro , Hou Ping-Fu , Huang Hao-Jen
Published: May 2022

​​ Microbial volatile compounds (mVCs) are a collection of volatile metabolites from microorganisms with biological effects on all living organisms. mVCs function as gaseous modulators of plant growth and plant health. In this study, the defense events induced by plant-deleterious mVCs were investigated. Enterobacter aerogenes VCs lead to growth inhibition and immune responses in Arabidopsis thaliana. E. aerogenes VCs negatively regulate auxin response and transport gene expression in the root tip, as evidenced by decreased expression of DR5::GFP, PIN3::PIN3-GFP and PIN4::PIN4-GFP. Data from transcriptional analysis suggests that E. aerogenes VCs trigger hypoxia response, innate immune responses and metabolic processes. In addition, the transcript abundance of the genes involved in the synthetic pathways of antimicrobial metabolites camalexin and coumarin is enhanced after the E. aerogenes VCs exposure. MKK1 and MKK3 are identified as the regulators of the camalexin biosynthesis expression, whereas the gene expression of the coumarin biosynthesis pathway is only regulated by MKK3. Moreover, we demonstrate that MKK1 and MKK3 mediate the E. aerogenes VCs-induced callose deposition. Collectively, these studies provide molecular insights into immune responses by plant-deleterious mVCs.
Effects of Bio-slurry and Chemical Fertilizers on Soil Physico-chemical Properties and Food Safety of Maize (Zea Mays L.) Grain
Authors: Kebede Tsehay , Gonfa Yadessa , Senbeta Abate Feyissa , Sime Getachew
Published: May 2022

Deteriorating soil fertility attributes to erosion, low nutrient content and traditional agricultural practices are the main factors limiting maize production in Ethiopia. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of bio-slurry (BS) and chemical fertilizers (CF) on soil physico-chemical properties and food safety of maize (Zea mays L.) grain. Field experiment was conducted at Hawassa University Research Farm, in Sidama Region Ethiopia under rain-fed conditions. The experiment consisted of three treatments, arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The treatments were 100% BS (5 ton BS ha− 1), 100% CF (90 kg N ha− 1+ 30 kg P ha− 1 + 13 kg S ha− 1) and control. Soil samples were taken from 0–20 cm depth for the physicochemical analysis. Maize grain samples were also collected at harvest for the analysis of heavy metal concentration. Results show that the pre-experiment soil had a loam texture, moderately acidic pH, moderate OC and TN, high P, K and CEC. The mean concentrations of heavy metals in pre-experiment soil was below the permissible limit for arable land except Cd. Applying CF and BS increased soil pH, OC, TN, and K over the control. In contrast, applying BS and CF increased the concentrations of Ni (11.29) and Ni (12.71) and Co (5.87) in maize grain, respectively that exceeded the FAO/WHO 2001 standards. Attributing to heavy metal concentration, this result signifies a potential health concern of applying BS and CF in maize cultivation for human consumption in the study sites. Therefore, pretreatment of BS and CF is important for safe food quality of maize grains for human consumption.
Effects of unilateral biportal endoscopic decompression for lumbar posterior apophyseal ring separation
Authors: Liu Jianjun , Zhu Bin , Chen Lei , Jing Juehua , Tian Dasheng
Published: May 2022

Background: Lumbar posterior apophyseal ring separation is a common disease with the lumbar disc herniation in adolescents. Over the years, there has been a lack of acknowledged treatment plan. The purpose of the study was to investigate the feasibility and effects of unilateral biportal endoscopic decompression for lumbar posterior apophyseal ring separation.Methods: Patients with lumbar posterior apophyseal ring separation who received unilateral biportal endoscopic decompression from June 2020 to September 2021 were analyzed, including 11 females and 15 males.The clinical symptoms were consistent with the imaging findings.Operation time, length of postoperative hospital stay and complications were recorded, and the clinical efficacy was evaluated by Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and modified Macnab scale at preoperative, postoperative 1, 3, 6 months and the last follow-up. Results: All patients were followed up for more than 6 months, with an average of (13.27±3.96) months. The operation time was (45-104)min with an average of (78.27±18.58) min. Complications included dural sac tears in 1 case. No serious complications such as vascular and nerve injury occurred after operation. All the patients got out of bed 1-3d after surgery, and were hospitalized (3-9)d after surgery, with an average of (4.58±1.42)d. Preoperative VAS scores of low back pain were (5.04±1.37) and respectively decreased to (2.81±0.75) ,(2.35±0.98) ,(1.65±0.69)and (1.15±0.68) at postoperative 1,3 ,6months and at the last follow-up, and the difference was statistically significant ( F =127.317，P=0.000) . Preoperative VAS scores of lower limb pain were (6.92±1.38) and respectively decreased to (2.88±1.07) ,(2.54±1.03) ,(1.81±0.80)and (1.00±0.69) at postoperative 1,3 ,6months and at the last follow-up, and the difference was statistically significant ( F =285.289，P =0.000 ) .Preoperative ODI scores were (60.47±8.89) and respectively decreased to (34.72±4.13) ,(25.80±3.65) ,(17.71±3.41)and (5.65±2.22) at postoperative 1,3 ,6months and at the last follow-up, and the difference was statistically significant ( F =725.255，P =0.000 ) . According to the modified Macnab criteria, the final outcome was excellent in 22 cases, good in 3 cases, fair in 1 cases. 26 patients could return to work or normal activities within 3 weeks. Conclusions: Unilateral biportal endoscopic decompression can achieve excellent clinical results with favorable efficacy and safety and may become a new minimally invasive endoscopic treatment for lumbar posterior apophyseal ring separation.
Synthesis, Characterization, Anti-Mycobacterial Activity and In Silico Study of New 2,5-disubstituted-1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives
Authors: Taib Mohamad Nurul Azmi Mohamad , Hasmaruddin Nurul Syazana , Ali Nadiatul Ashiken Mat , Osman Hasnah , Mohamad Suriyati , Parumasivam Thaigarajan , Hassan Mohd. Zaheen , Ghani Muhammad Solehin Abd , Awang Khalijah
Published: May 2022

A series of new 2,5-disubstituted-1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives (5a-j and 6a-j) have been designed and synthesized in four-steps. sixteen compounds among the twenty compounds are reported for the first time. The compounds were characterized and confirmed by the FTIR, 1D- and 2D-NMR and HRMS analyses, and were tested against Mycobacterium smegmatis and Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra. Compound 5d was the most active against M. Smegmatis with MIC value of 25 µM, and exhibited cidal activity with MBC of 68 µM, respectively. The time-kill assay showed the good killing rate at 77% with the combination of isoniazid (INH). In addition, checkboard assay confirmed the interaction of compound 5d was categorised as additive. Docking simulation has been performed to position 5d into the pantothenate synthetase active site with binding free energy value –8.6 kcal mol-1. It also occupied the same active site as that of standard native ligand with similar interactions, which clearly indicate their potential as pantothenate synthetase inhibitor.
Methylation-based markers of aging and lifestyle-related factors and risk of breast cancer: A pooled analysis of four prospective studies
Authors: Dugué Pierre-Antoine , Bodelon Clara , Chung Felicia , Brewer Hannah , Ambatipudi Srikant , Sampson Joshua , Cuenin Cyrille , Chajès Véronique , Romieu Isabelle , Fiorito Giovanni , Sacerdote Carlotta , Krogh Vittorio , Panico Salvatore , Tumino Rosario , Vineis Paolo , Polidoro Silvia , Baglietto Laura , English Dallas , Severi Gianluca , Giles Graham , Milne Roger , Herceg Zdenko , Garcia-Closas Montserrat , Flanagan James , Southey Melissa
Published: May 2022

Background: DNA methylation in blood may reflect adverse exposures accumulated over the lifetime and could therefore provide potential improvements in the prediction of cancer risk. A substantial body of research has shown associations between epigenetic aging and risk of disease, including cancer. Here we aimed to study epigenetic measures of aging and lifestyle-related factors in association with risk of breast cancer.Methods: Using data from four prospective case-control studies nested in three cohorts of European ancestry participants, including a total of 1,655 breast cancer cases, we calculated three methylation-based measures of lifestyle factors (body mass index, tobacco smoking, and alcohol consumption), and seven measures of epigenetic aging (Horvath-based, Hannum-based, PhenoAge and GrimAge). All measures were regression-adjusted for their respective risk factors and expressed per standard deviation. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using conditional or unconditional logistic regression, and pooled using fixed-effects meta-analysis. Subgroup analyses were conducted by age at blood draw, time from blood sample to diagnosis, estrogen receptor-positivity status, and tumour stage.Results: None of the measures of epigenetic aging were associated with risk of breast cancer in the pooled analysis: Horvath ‘age acceleration’ (AA): OR =1.02, 95%CI: 0.95-1.10; AA-Hannum: OR=1.03, 95%CI :0.95-1.12; PhenoAge: OR=1.01, 95%CI: 0.94-1.09 and GrimAge: OR=1.03, 95%CI: 0.94-1.12, in models adjusting for white blood cell proportions, body mass index, smoking and alcohol consumption. The BMI-adjusted predictor of BMI was associated with breast cancer risk, OR per SD=1.09, 95%CI: 1.01-1.17. Results for the alcohol and smoking methylation-based predictors were consistent with a null association. Risk did not appear to substantially vary by age at blood draw, time to diagnosis or tumour characteristics.Conclusion: We found no evidence that methylation-based measures of aging, smoking or alcohol consumption were associated with risk of breast cancer. A methylation-based marker of BMI was associated with risk and may provide insights into the underlying associations between BMI and breast cancer.
Linoleic acid derivatives target miR-361-3p/BTG2 to confer anticancer effects in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Li Zhen , Xu Huijuan , Liu Shili , Dong Wenqi
Published: May 2022

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a deadly hematologic malignancy. Studies have shown that miroRNAs (miRNAs), evolutionarily conserved small noncoding RNAs, contribute to AML disease development, suggesting that therapeutical manipulation of miRNAs may benefit disease treatment in AML. In this study, we found miR-361-3p was significantly upregulated in the blood of AML patients, whereas the expression of its direct target, B-cell translocation gene (BTG2, a tumor suppressor), was markedly lower compared with the expression in the blood of healthy controls. Inhibition of miR-361-3p significantly increased BTG2, leading to inhibition of cell proliferation and promotion of cell apoptosis in AML cell line, HL-60. In contrast, increasing of miR-361-3p expression exerted opposite effects to miR-361-3p inhibitor on BTG2 expression, cell proliferation and apoptosis. We further showed 9s-Hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (9s-HODE), a major active derivative of linoleic acid, exerted an anti-AML effect through, at least partly, targeting miR-361-3p/BTG2 axis and its associated pathways. These findings not just demonstrate an oncogenic role of miR-361-3p in AML but also provide novel insights to develop a potential therapeutic for AML treatment by manipulating its expressions.
Usefulness of critical flicker fusion frequency measurement and its laterality for evaluating compressive optic neuropathy due to pituitary neuroendocrine tumors
Authors: Taguchi Akira , Kinoshita Yasuyuki , Tokumo Kana , Tominaga Atsushi , Kiuchi Yoshiaki , Yamasaki Fumiyuki , Horie Nobutaka
Published: May 2022

PurposeCritical flicker fusion frequency (CFF) is a short but sensitive method for evaluating optic nerve function. We measured CFF in patients with pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (Pit-NETs) to assess its usefulness.MethodsData from 184 patients with nonfunctioning Pit-NETs, who had been treated with transsphenoidal surgery and had no medical history of eye diseases, was used in this retrospective study. Visual acuity decline (VAD) was defined as > 0.10 reduction in logMAR visual acuity and CFF decline (CFD) was defined as CFF value < 35 Hz. Visual field defect (VFD) was evaluated by automated perimetry on a Humphrey visual field analyzer. Potential association between abnormal test results and tumor height from the suprasellar were analyzed.ResultsContact between the optic nerve or chiasma and the tumor was present and absent in 161 and 23 patients, respectively. In patients showing contact, the difference in CFF between the left and right eyes was larger (P = 0.0008), and the optimal cut-off value using the receiver operating characteristic curve was 3 Hz. Therefore, ≥ 3 Hz was considered positive for CFF laterality (CFL), the most prevalent condition. Tumor height was lower in patients with CFL positivity compared to those with VAD or VFD (P < 0.01). The prevalence of test abnormalities was the highest for small tumors compared to those of other tests.ConclusionChanges in CFL permit early detection of Pit-NETs. Our results indicate that CFF laterality can be seen in the early stages of compressive optic neuropathy due to Pit-NET.
Cloud Failure Prediction based on Traditional Machine Learning and Deep Learning
Authors: Asmawi Tengku Nazmi Tengku , Ismail Azlan , Shen Jun
Published: May 2022

Cloud failure is one of the critical issues since it can cost millions to the cloud service providers in addition to the loss of productivity being suffered by the industrial users using different cloud-based applications and services. As the cloud system grows larger, the process of failure prediction is still a challenge for both practitioners and academic researchers. In this study, we tackle the challenge of predicting job and task failure using the benchmarking Google Cluster Traces Dataset. We first propose a conceptual model to prepare, construct and evaluate five traditional machine learning algorithms and three variants of the latest deep learning algorithms for predicting job and task failures. We then perform a series of experiments on two datasets; (1) Dataset A for the job failure prediction models and (2) Dataset B for the task failure prediction models. In the case of job failure prediction experiments, we observe that Extreme Gradient Boosting is the best performance with 94.35% accuracy with the F-Score score of 0.9310, 91.92% sensitivity, and 96.07% specificity. For Extreme Gradient Boosting, the disk space request and CPU request are the most important features in determining the outcome of the job prediction. In the case of task failure prediction, we observe that Decision Tree and Random Forest have achieved the highest 89.75% accuracy and 0.9145 for F-Score with 98% sensitivity and 78% specificity. The priority of the task is the most important feature for determining the task prediction outcome for both, the Decision Tree and Random Forest.
Bioinformatics identification of key genes associated with risk and prognosis of neuroblastoma
Authors: Zhang Jiao , Han Yahui , Yan Dun , Zhou Diming , Yuan Xiafei , Zhao Wei , Zhang Da
Published: May 2022

Objective
Neuroblastoma is a childhood malignancy with high morbidity and mortality. Through bioinformatics analysis, we identified key biomarkers associated with neuroblastoma risk and prognosis.
Methods
The gene modules most associated with neuroblastoma risk were derived by weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). Modular genes were intersected with differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between high-risk neuroblastoma (HR-NB) patients and non-high-risk neuroblastoma (NHR-NB) patients to obtain risk genes, and enrichment analysis was performed. After incorporating risk genes into Cox regression analysis, Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selector Operation (LASSO) algorithm, and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, key genes were identified and introduced into three external datasets for validation. In addition, we performed short time-series expression miner (STEM) analysis and single sample genome enrichment analysis (ssGSEA). Finally, we evaluated the difference in DNA methylation levels to identify meaningful methylation marks.
Results
The 26 risk genes we screened were mainly associated with ion channels and ion transport across membranes. We identified 5 key genes (ANO6, CPNE2, DST, PLXNC1, SCN3A) for neuroblastoma risk and prognosis, which correlated closely with known neuroblastoma biomarkers. All key genes showed a progressive down-regulation trend with increasing risk levels of neuroblastoma. The level of immune infiltration of 14 immune cells was significantly different between HR-NB and NHR-NB, and most immune cells were negatively correlated with key genes. Furthermore, the expression of ANO6, CPNE2, DST and PLXNC1 was modified by DNA methylation.
Conclusion
This study identified 5 key genes for neuroblastoma risk and prognosis that were potential biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets for neuroblastoma.
Does Nail Size or Difference between Canal and Nail Diameter Influence Likelihood of Union or Time to Union of Femoral Shaft Fractures Treated With Intramedullary Nailing? A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Shih Chiu-Yu , Lo Yu-Cheng , Hsu Chiu-Ting
Published: May 2022

BackgroundThis study aims to determine whether nail size or the difference between canal and nail diameter (CN difference) affects the union rate and time of femoral shaft fracture treated with an interlocking intramedullary nail (IMN).MethodsThis was a retrospective review of 257 patients with femoral shaft fractures treated with IMN at a tertiary trauma medical center. All the IMN inserted were the same (Stryker T2 Femoral Nail). The patients were divided into groups based on nail size (10-, 11-, 12-, or 13-mm) and CN difference (<1, 1-2, or >2 mm), and union rate and time to union were compared.ResultsThe 10-, 11-, 12-, and 13-mm groups based on nail size had 113, 74, 54, and 16 patients, respectively. The overall union rate was 97% (256/264). No significant differences in union rate or time to union were observed among these 4 groups. The groups based on CN differences of <1-, 1 to 2, and >2 mm comprised 143, 79, and 35 patients, respectively. Again, no significant differences were noted in union rate or mean time to union among the groups.ConclusionsSimilar union rate and time to union were observed, regardless of nail size or CN difference. This finding indicates that most simple femoral shaft fractures can be treated with a standard, reamed 10-mm IMN. A larger nail insertion is unnecessary and presents more risks; comparatively, the use of a small nail with less reaming is simpler, requires shorter operative times, results in less blood loss, and is less expensive.
Impaired mitochondria of Tregs decreases OXPHOS-derived ATP in primary immune thrombocytopenia with positive plasma pathogens detected by metagenomic sequencing
Authors: Zhan Yanxia , Ji Lili , Qian Mengjia , Zhang Miaomiao , Shen Qi , Xu Pengcheng , Zhuang Xibing , Qin Sansan , Hua Fanli , Sun Lihua , Li Feng , Chen Hao , Cheng Yunfeng
Published: May 2022

Background Primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune disease. Some of patients are associated with pathogen infections undetected with conventional technologies. Investigating the changes of T cells and potential metabolic mechanism are important for better understanding of ITP. Methods Seventy-five newly diagnosed ITP patients were enrolled in the study. The pathogens of ITP patients were detected by metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS). CD4+ T cell subsets and CD8+ T cells were analyzed using flow cytometry. Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial membrane potential were measured by flow cytometry. Seahorse XF real-time ATP rate assay was used to investigate the change of cellular metabolism.Result Positive plasma pathogens were detected in 7 ITP patients. Of them, 5 (71.4%) positive pathogen-ITP patients were NR after first-line treatment with corticosteroids. Tregs increased significantly in positive pathogen-ITP patients compared to negative pathogen-ITP patients and HC. Mitochondrial membrane potential of Th17 and Tregs were decreased in positive pathogen-ITP and negative pathogen-ITP patients, compared to HC (p<0.05). The overall metabolism flux of positive pathogen-ITP patients was decreased, as compared to HC (p=0.004), of them a higher proportion of glycolysis-derived ATP and a smaller proportion of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS)-derived ATP were found in Tregs. The ATP rate index of Tregs was decreased significantly in positive pathogen-ITP patients compared to negative pathogen-ITP patients and HC.Conclusion Impaired mitochondria function of Tregs in positive pathogen-ITP patients caused a decrease of OXPHOS-derived ATP and overall metabolism flux that might be the cause of steroid resistance in ITP patients.
Comprehensive effects of different chemical preservatives on dehydrated diced radish during storage
Authors: Muratkhan Marat , Sugyrbai Adilet , Gulnazym Ospankulova , Mutamed Awais
Published: May 2022

This study aimed to the effect of chemical preservatives on dehydrated diced radish, as well as their effect on the taste, nutritional value and shelf life of the final product. Before dehydration turnip diced were treated with different chemical preservatives and their different concentrations viz. The eight samples were added T1 = 0.1% potassium metabisulphite, T2 = 0.1% sodium benzoate, T3 = 0.1% potassium sorbate, T4 = 0.05% potassium metabisulphite + 0.05% sodium benzoate, T5 = 0.05% potassium metabisulphite + 0.05% potassium sorbate, T6 = 0.05% sodium benzoate + 0.05% potassium sorbateT7 = 0.05% potassium metabisulphite + 0.025% sodium Benzoate + 0.025% potassium sorbate, T0 = no chemical preservative. Samples were evaluated for physiochemical (moisture, pH, total solid, titratable acidity, ash and ascorbic acid), sensory (color, texture, taste and overall acceptability) and total bacterial count at 15 days interval of 90 days storage. Moisture value was decreased during storage. Maximum decreased was found in T0 (8.65) 3.52% while minimum decrease was observed in T1 (9.23)1.40%. pH was decreased during storage. The maximum decrease was observed in T0 (5.44) 16.10%. While minimum decreased found in T1 (5.64) 6.36%. Titratable acidity value was increased during storage. Maximum increase was observed in T0 (1.96) 17.78% while minimum increase was observed in T1 (1.81) 8.05%. Total solid was increased during storage. Maximum increase was found in T0 (91.35) 0.34% and lower limit was detected in T1 (90.77) 0.14%. Ash content was increased with storage interval. Maximum increased in T0 (6.57) 2.31% while minimum in T1 (6.08) 0.99%. Ascorbic acid was decreased during storage. Maximum decreased in T0 (6.15)80.48% while minimum in T1 (9.05) 37.79%. Color, Texture, Taste and Overall acceptability were decreased with storage interval. Color maximum score was found in T1 (7.70) while minimum score was found in T0 (3.97). Texture maximum score was found in T1 (8.06) and minimum score in T0 (2.97). Taste maximum score was found in T1 (7.56) while minimum was noticed in T0 (3.33). Maximum score of overall acceptability was found in T1 (7.77) while minimum score obtained by T0 (3.42). Total bacterial count was increased with storage interval. Maximum increased in T0 (24.43x107) 800% while minimum increased in T1 (10.57x107cfu/g) 375%. Both chemical preservatives and storage intervals resulted in highly significant (p < 0.000) differences for all parameters. When comparing the chemical preservatives, the best acceptability among all the treatments was obtained by T1 which was treated with 0.1% potassium metabisulphite.
Bradykinin and Galectin-3 in Survived and Died Patients With Covid-19 Pneumonia: An Increasingly Promising Biochemical Target
Authors: Turnic Tamara Nikolic , Popadic Viseslav , Klasnja Slobodan , Sekulic Ana , Nikolic Novica , Zivkovic Vladimir , Jeremic Nevena , Andjic Marijana , Draginic Nevena , Srejo Ivan , Jeremic Jovana , Zdravkovic Marija , Jakovljevic Vladimir Lj.
Published: May 2022

Still, there are no curative or preventive strategies for COVID-19, noting the importance of understanding the pathogenesis of COVID-19 infections for the rational development of pharmacological protocols. Considering the proinflammatory, oxidative and other roles of BK and Galectin-3, it is more than relevant to investigate the clinical repercussion of that molecules in patients who survived and died after COVID-19 confirmed pneumonia. This was prospective cross-sectional study which included 47 adult patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and with criteria for hospital treatment who are admitted to tertiary Clinical Center “Bezanijska kosa” during June of 2021. Our study strongly supports the bradykinin storm hypothesis which underlying in many of COVID-19 fatal outcomes. In that sense, future therapeutical strategies must be focused on reducing a bradykinin serum concentration in COVID-19 patients. “Bradykinin storm” and oxidative stress in patients with fatal outcome are probably responsible for the overactive inflammatory response in COVID-19 patients and resulting symptoms. Understanding the mechanisms by which the two storms, bradykinin and cytokine, affect the body, separate or together, is crucial to mitigating the pandemic’s effect, saving lives, and producing effective treatments that we presently lack.
Osteophytes mediate the associations between cartilage morphology and changes in knee symptoms in patients with knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Fan Tianxiang , Li Jia , Zeng Muhui , Wang Xiaoshuai , Ruan Guangfeng , Cao Peihua , Zhang Yan , Chen Tianyu , Chen Shibo , Ou Qianhua , Wang Qianyi , Wluka Anita E , Cicuttini Flavia , Ding Changhai , Zhu Zhaohua
Published: May 2022

Aims: To investigate whether the associations between cartilage defects and cartilage volumes with changes in knee symptoms were mediated by osteophytes.Methods: Data from Vitamin D Effects on Osteoarthritis (VIDEO) study were analyzed as a cohort. Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index was used to assess knee symptoms at baseline and follow-up. Osteophytes, cartilage defects and cartilage volumes were measured using magnetic resonance imaging at baseline. Associations between cartilage morphology and changes in knee symptoms were assessed using linear regression models, and mediation analysis was used to test whether these associations were mediated by osteophytes. Results: 334 participants (aged 50 to 79 years) with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis were included in the analysis. Cartilage defects were significantly associated with change in total knee pain, change in weight-bearing pain and change in non-weight-bearing pain after adjustment for age, sex, body mass index and intervention. Cartilage volume was significantly associated with change in weight-bearing pain and change in physical dysfunction after adjustment. Lateral tibiofemoral and patellar osteophyte mediated: the associations of cartilage defects with change in total knee pain (49%-55%) and change in weight-bearing pain (61%-62%); the association of cartilage volume with change in weight-bearing pain (27%-30%) and dysfunction (24%-25%). Both cartilage defects and cartilage volume had no direct effects on change in knee symptoms.Conclusions: The significant associations between cartilage morphology and changes in knee symptoms were indirect and were partly mediated by osteophytes.
Resveratrol protects against IL-1β-induced chondrocyte damage via the SIRT1/FOXO1 signalling pathway
Authors: Liang ChuanCai , Xing Hengte , Wang ChenYu , Xu XiongFeng , Hao Yarong , Qiu Bo
Published: May 2022

PurposeOsteoarthritis (OA) is a common joint disease characterized by cartilage degeneration, synovial inflammation, osteophytes, and subchondral osteosclerosis. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of RES on in the extracellular matrix ，autophagy and apoptosis in the process of osteoarthritis via the SIRT1/FOXO1 pathway. MethodsThe microenvironment of OA chondrocytes was simulated in vitro by adding 10 ng/mL of IL-1β to primary Wistar rat chondrocyte culture flasks. Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, transmission electron microscopy was used.ResultsIn the presence of IL-1β, RES increased the expression of SIRT1 protein and the phosphorylation level of FOXO1, promoted the expression of autophagy genes (LC3, ATG5 and Beclin-1) and matrix synthesis genes (SOX9 and Aggrecan), inhibited the expression of pro-apoptosis related genes (caspase-3 and BCL-2) and matrix catabolic genes (MMP13 and ADAMT) and protected chondrocytes from IL-1β damage. Inhibition of SIRT1 prevents the reduction of IL-1β -induced chondrocyte damage in the presence of RES. Inhibition of FOXO1, but not SIRT1, reduced the expression of FOXO1 phosphorylation. Our results suggest that RES regulates extracellular matrix metabolism, autophagy and apoptosis of OA chondrocytes through the SIRT1/FOXO1 pathway to ameliorate IL-1β -induced chondrocyte injury.ConclusionRES protects against IL-1β-induced chondrocyte damage by activating SIRT1/FOXO1 signaling. RES provides insight into the treatment of osteoarthritis.
Mortality Predictors Of Pre-variant SARS-CoV-2 Infected ARDS Patients Receiving Favipiravir and Tocilizumab
Authors: YILDIRIM Fatma , ŞİMŞEK Meltem , APAYDIN Muhammed , KARAMAN İrem , DURAL Halil İbrahim
Published: May 2022

Objective
In this study, viral clearance (oronasopharyngeal swab RT-PCR negativity) and intensive care outcomes and risk factors affecting mortality of critically ill patients with COVID-19-related acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) who received tocilizumab and favipiravir treatments together before vaccination were investigated.
Material-Methods
The data of patients who were followed up and treated between 1 July 2020 and 5 October 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Demographic data of the patients (age, gender), oro-nasopharyngeal swab RT-PCR and classification of ARDS, respiratory support treatments, all medical treatments, and ICU outcomes were recorded.
Results
Totally, 60 patients with a median age of 69.8 [24–87], 25 females and 35 males were included in the study. Mean APACHE II score was 18.9 ± 8.0; and SOFA score was 4.5 ± 2.0. Thirty-four (56.7%) patients were intubated during follow-up. Tocilizumab was given on average of 2.5th day (± 2.0 days). On the day of tocilizumab administration, 1 (1.7%) patient had mild ARDS, 30 (50.0%) had moderate ARDS, 29 (48.3%) had severe ARDS. PaO2/FIO2 on the day of tocilizumab administration was 96.7 ± 36.6 mmHg. Forty (66.7%) patients died, while 20 (33.3%) patients transferred to the service. The mean length of stay in the ICU was 11.4 ± 5.5 days. Advanced age [Hazard ratio (HR) 1.8; 95% confidense interval (CI) 0.88–0.93; p < 0.001), higher APACHE II score (HR 0.81, 95% CI 0.74–0.98; p = 0.001), higher SOFA score on the day of tocilizumab administration (HR 1.47, 95% CI 0.39–0.79; p = 0.001), and lower PaO2/FIO2 ratio (HR 2.54, 95% CI 2.33–3.79; p < 0.001) were determined as independent risk factors for mortality.
Conclusion
Patients who were administered tocilizumab and favipiravir together in our intensive care unit were mostly patients with severe ARDS and had higher inflammatory markers. High mortality was attributed to the use of tocilizumab as an add-on treatment, not as a routine treatment.
A Study of The Widespread of Anxiety, Stress and Depression of Thalassemia Patients Among Thalassemia Centers in Damascus
Authors: Mohammad Amena Abbas Alhaj , Alhajji Esraa Trad , A.Kadri Saeed , Alhouri Ahmad
Published: May 2022

Background
Thalassemia is a congenital blood condition, which patients require blood transfusions and are vulnerable to a variety of complications. DAS (depression, anxiety, and stress) can make their situation worse. Syrian Arab republic has no reports on measuring DAS in thalassemia patients. The DASS-21 (Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale − 21 Items) assessment is used to evaluate the incidence of DAS symptoms in our thalassemia patients.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted on teens and adults aged 12 and up who had thalassemia and were treated in Damascus centers for thalassemia, omitting patients who is below 12 years.
Results
There were 67 male and 93 female patients in all, with a largest percentage age group was between 16–20 years. 48 (30%) and 59 (36.7%) of patients received blood transfusions every two weeks and monthly, respectively. 40.6% of patients did not remember to take their prescription and did not commit to taking it more than twice a week. 72% of patients had depression symptoms, 79% of the patients had anxiety symptoms, and 69% of patients had stress symptoms.
Conclusion
Patients with thalassemia are more prone to developing psychiatric issues, which can have an impact on the disease's progression. Our findings are comparable to those of national and Arab community research, which have revealed the greatest prevalence rates. Patients with thalassemia should have their psychological evaluations done and should be referred for adequate monitoring and treatment.
Analysis of static var compensator-based distance protection of transmission network considering different line lengths: a case study of nigerian grid
Authors: Alayande Akintunde Samson , Popoola Olawale , Akinbode Sunday Oluwagbenga
Published: May 2022

This paper presents a Matlab/Simulink-based approach for investigating the performance of Static Var Compensators (SVCs) on distance relay protection installed at varying lengths of the practical Nigerian 132-kV sub-transmission grid system. The shunt-connected SVC is located at the Ikorodu sub-station end of the Ikorodu-Sagamu 132-kV transmission line. The faults are simulated on a short line (18.4 km), medium line (100 km) and long line (226 km) in the Matlab/Simulink model of the Ikorodu-sagamu 132kV sub-transmission distance protection scheme. The results obtained are then used to investigate the impact SVCs have on distance protection relays when they are connected and disconnected for varying transmission line lengths whilst keeping all other parameters constant. The results obtained show that the SVC despite being advantageous, also introduces under-reach and over-reach tendencies for different zone faults (zones 1 and 2) as simulated on varying lengths of 132-kV transmission lines. This implies that a further simulation is required to recommend measures aimed at reducing the error margin introduced by the SVCs.
Fate of microplastics in background headwater lake catchments using a particle balance approach
Authors: Welsh Brittany , Aherne Julian , Paterson Andrew , Yao Huaxia , McConnell Chris
Published: May 2022

Microplastics are pervasive contaminants of concern, yet their fate in headwater lakes, especially in background regions, remains relatively unknown. Further, few field studies have quantified the inputs, outputs, and pathways of microplastics at the catchment level. In this study, the flux of microplastics (MP) were quantified over a 12-month period for three background headwater lake catchments in Muskoka-Haliburton, Ontario, Canada. A microplastic particle balance approach was used, incorporating inputs from atmospheric deposition and stream inflows against outflows and sedimentation to lakes. Atmospheric deposition had the highest daily microplastic flux rate (3.84–8.04 MP/m2/day), suggesting that it is the dominant source of microplastics to lakes in background regions. Of the microplastics deposited on the catchment, 41–73% were retained in the terrestrial area. Furthermore, a large fraction of the microplastics entering the lake were retained (30–45%), suggesting that lakes are a reservoir for microplastics. The microplastic residence time for the study lakes ranged from 3.15 to 7.70 years. Fibres (> 60%) were the most common particle type, further, polyethylene terephthalate was the dominant polymer identified followed by polypropylene and polyamide.
Genetic Diversity Analysis of Wild Population Based on SNP Developed from Transcriptome Sequencing of Spot-Fin Porcupine Fish (Diodon hystrix)
Authors: ma jun , jiang shoujia , cao liu , wang haihsan , zhuo wenqi , wang zhou , dang tingting , wang xueyi , chen pan , hou xingrong , you xinxin , huang hai
Published: May 2022

Diodon hystrix is widely distributed in the tropical and subtropical ocean. Due to delicious taste and unique body shape, the catch of this fish in the South China Sea has been increasing year by year. It is urgent to evaluate the population status of D. hystrix in the South China Sea. Molecular markers are often used to evaluate the population status, but it has been a lack of relevant molecular markers for D. hystrix. In this study, we utilized the Illumina sequencing platform to generate transcriptome data to identify SNPs in D. hystrix muscle tissue. A total of 7.2 Mb clean reads with 94.92% Q20 bases were obtained, and 4,179 putative SNPs distributed among 22,618 genes were identified and confirmed. Randomly selected SNPs were validated, and 19 true SNPs (39.58%) were screened. We used these true SNP loci to verify the genetic diversity and population structure of a wild population of D. hystrix. The results showed that 18 SNP loci were polymorphic. The average PIC, Ne, Ho and He were 0.3354, 1.7893, 0.4963 and 0.4391, respectively. 14 SNP loci were consistent with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE), which revealed that the population was in a genetically stable state. The haplotype network concluded that the population may be composed of two different clades. In conclusion, the transcriptomic sequencing can quickly obtain the SNP loci as molecular markers which can be used for population genetic diversity and population structure analysis. It provides necessary help for the conservation biology and resource evaluation of D. hystrix.
Morphological characteristics of summer truffle (Tuber aestivum Vittad.) from Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Ljubojević Srđan , Vasilišin Ladislav , Vučić Goran , Velemir Ana
Published: May 2022

The aim of this paper is to present as accurately as possible the morphological characteristics of the summer truffle, found in Bosnia and Herzegovina, and to compare them with the characteristics of the previously described specimens in other countries and regions.

Well-developed fruiting bodies of summer truffles (Tuber aestivum Vittad.) were found in oak and beech forests on calcareous soils in Bosnia and Herzegovina with the help of trained dogs.

On the basis of a representative sample, composed of specimens, collected during three consecutive truffle seasons, the following were analyzed: shape, size and mass of ascocarps, structure of the harvest, gleba color, size and shape of ascospores.

It was found, that predominant geometric shape of their fruiting bodies is ellipsoid with an average mass of 44.3 g. Most acocarps weighed less than 20 g. As the weight of the pieces increases, their frequency decreases, so that ascocarps over 60 g participate in number with only 20 % and by weight with 47.2 % of the total yield. The length of spores ranges from 26.0 to 35.8 μm, with an average of 30.3 μm, while the width of spores varies from 17.2 to 26.1 μm, with an average of 21.3 μm. The Q-shape parameter takes values in a wide range from 1.16, which roughly corresponds to the globular shape, to 1.64 for the distinctly ellipsoidal shape.

In sum, the shape and size of the summer truffle ascocarps and spores native to Bosnia and Herzegovina fit the general picture of this taxon.
Influence of adding wild berry powders on the quality of pasta products
Authors: Samilyk Maryna , Demidova Evgenia , Bolgova Natalia , Kapitonenko Anatoly , Cherniavska Tetiana
Published: May 2022

Pasta is a popular food item among consumers all over the world. They have high energy value, low cost and long shelf life. However, the biological value of these products is quite low. Adding components rich in dietary fiber, vitamins and minerals to their composition will significantly improve their nutritional value. The purpose of the article is to analyze the possibility of producing pasta with the addition of derivatives from the processing of wild berries Sambucus nigra, Viburnum opulus, Hippophae rhamnoides L., which have a rich nutrient composition and are available raw materials. The technology, developed in the work for processing berries by osmotic dehydration, allows the use of gentle drying modes, which contributes to the maximum preservation of their biological value. Sensory evaluation of pasta was carried out according to the Croatian Official Methods, moisture content of pasta was determined by drying to constant weight. Sensory analysis of pasta showed that the addition of powders does not lead to a deterioration in their quality. Their appearance, taste, smell, shape and elasticity are improved. The quality of the pasta samples, containing 5 % of the powder, was determined as “good” according to the results of the evaluation of the tasting group. And the samples with a powder content of 10 % have a "high" quality. The addition of powders has practically no effect on the drying conditions and moisture content of the finished products. With the addition of Viburnum opulus powders, the moisture content is reduced compared to controls. Humidity of all samples is within the permissible limits, which indicates their resistance to storage
Genetic testing of allelic variants of PIZ (GLU342Lys, RS28929474) and PIS (GLU264Val, RS17580) of SERPINA1 gene in children with bronchial asthma
Authors: Shymanska Ivanna , Trutiak Оlena , Lychkovska Оlena , Makukh Halyna , Akopyan Hayane
Published: May 2022

According to world publications, mutations in the SERPINA1 gene may be a genetic risk factor for severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and, consequently, rapid progression of respiratory dysfunction. This disease leads to a decrease in the level of alpha-1-antitrypsin protein. It is inherited by autosomal recessive type, but there are registered cases of codominance. In the absence of treatment, diseases of the respiratory system become chronic and lead to disability in adulthood.

Early diagnosis of AAT deficiency is important to prevent complications and reduce mortality among people with this pathology. Due to these factors, genetic testing of SERPINA1 gene mutations in children with chronic lung diseases is appropriate to detect and prevent severe complications, associated with AATD.

The aim of this work is to improve the effectiveness of early diagnosis of AAT deficiency in children with bronchial asthma and recurrent obstructive bronchitis by identifying different genotypes and phenotypes of A1AT deficiency, studying their relationship with the clinical course of respiratory diseases in children
Empreendedorismo e cooperativismo como base para geração do emprego em regiões distintas do Brasil
Authors: Kudlawicz-Franco Claudineia , Scaglione Vera Lucia Telles
Published: May 2022

O empreendedorismo revela-se importante para questões sociais e econômicas e até mesmo para sobrevivência. As atividades empresariais podem distinguir-se em empreendedorismo por oportunidade (pull) ou por necessidade (push). Este estudo objetiva analisar os fatores que impulsionam o indivíduo para o empreendedorismo, como se evidenciam suas características em cooperativas, se por oportunidade ou por necessidade. A pesquisa se caracterizou em um estudo de casos múltiplos onde foram estudadas quatro cooperativas, duas situadas na região Sul do Brasil e duas na região Nordeste. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas e analisados mediante análise de conteúdo. Os resultados mostraram que a formação das cooperativas da região Sul se caracterizou como empreendedorismo por oportunidade enquanto as da região Nordeste apresentaram características de ambos os tipos. Nos casos analisados, independente do que faz com que o empreendedorismo ocorra, os princípios globais do cooperativismo encontram-se preservados, bem como suas características como o fato de seus integrantes assumirem inteira responsabilidade pela gestão assim como a participação nos resultados.
Análise toponímica da carta da nova lusitânia
Authors: Menezes Paulo Márcio Leal de , Fernandes Manoel do Couto , Santos Kairo da Silva , Antunes Fernando de Souza , Oliveira Patrick Loss , Salvo Daniel Di , Ferreira Gabriela Calafate , Corrêa-Martins Francisco José , Santos José Gomes dos , Arnaut Adriana Andrade
Published: May 2022

O conjunto de mapas denominados como Nova Lusitânia é um dos monumentos cartográficos desenvolvidos pela cartografia portuguesa do fim do século XVIII, e é composto por quatro versões, de 1797, 1798, de [1795?] e 1803. Este conjunto de mapas é um dos mais ricos em termos de informações sobre a colônia e de uma grande parte da América Espanhola. O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar a toponímia das versões do Mapa da Nova Lusitânia, avaliando as alterações ortográficas e toponímicas e a má identificação de feições entre as versões. A extração de topônimos da cópia de 1798 revelou a identificação e classificação de 4.750 topônimos, segundo grupos geográficos, idioma, motivações linguísticas e geográficas.
Por onde andam os nomes na geografia?
Authors: Silva-Santos Kairo da
Published: May 2022

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar as publicações sobre a temática dos nomes dos lugares em periódicos de Geografia e, a partir disto, sistematizar a produção, com base no enfoque teórico-metodológico e no enfoque temático encontrado nestes trabalhos. A base de pesquisa está nas publicações em periódicos ibero-americanos vinculados ao Latindex. A revisão bibliográfica apresentou como resultados, primeiro, a disposição das publicações nas perspectivas das abordagens clássicas e críticas da Toponímia; segundo, a sistematização das publicações em uma classificação temática. Por último, buscou-se indicar alguns caminhos para incorporar novos elementos ao estudo crítico dos nomes dos lugares, apontando as lacunas ainda existentes no campo.
Memória e toponímias
Authors: Santos e Silva Ana Carolina
Published: May 2022

A presente investigação decorreu do mestrado profissional em Patrimônio Cultural, Paisagens e Cidadania da autora, na UFV; e refere-se à análise da paisagem cultural da cidade de Ubá, Minas Gerais, sob a perspectiva da Toponímia. Pela apreciação do contexto histórico-geográfico da cidade, foram desenvolvidas algumas reflexões acerca da nomeação de vinte e sete nomes de ruas, pertencentes à zona central. A paisagem do município é reflexo da ação de grupos sociais influentes, os quais grafaram nela seu poderio e prestígio social. A memória social neste trabalho é discutida no âmbito da sua representação oficial. Este trabalho contribui para os estudos de paisagem cultural, proporcionando uma nova perspectiva na sua interpretação; e compreensão dela como fator essencial na constituição de memórias.
Práticas e interações espaciais na expansão da Agricultura Natural no Brasil:
Authors: Oliveira Murilo Henrique Rodrigues de , Ferreira Darlene Aparecida de Oliveira
Published: May 2022

Este trabalho assume o objetivo de analisar e discutir as práticas espaciais de gestão do território da Korin Agropecuária, valendo-se do entendimento das suas interações espaciais. A decomposição e expansão espacial do capital produtivo da empresa, viabiliza a sua ocorrência em 211 municípios, entre os quais suas atividades de produção agropecuária, processamento e distribuição de seus produtos estão estruturadas. Conforma-se, assim, uma rede de lugares concentrada em cinco estados do eixo centro-sul do país. Ademais, com o objetivo de expandir a Agricultura Natural no Brasil – definindo os termos que estabelecem a distinção entre esta prática e a Agricultura Orgânica – a Korin Agropecuária reafirma, por meio da sua espacialidade, a materialização dos preceitos filosóficos de Mokiti Okada.