bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identificação de sentimento em voz por meio da combinação de classificações intermediárias dos sinais em excitação, valência e quadrante
Authors: Gering Guilherme B.S , Ciarelli Patrick M. , Salles Evandro O. T.
Published: August 2019

A identificação de sentimento em voz é comumente realizada em clas- ses categóricas como “tristeza” ou “alegria”. De acordo com o mapa de afeto de Russell, sentimentos também podem ser classificados por excitação, valência e quadrantes. Neste trabalho é proposto um método para incrementar o desem- penho de identificação de sentimentos em classes categóricas utilizando clas- sificadores que realizam classificação intermediária nas classes de excitação valência e quadrantes usando uma abordagem multi-visão. Para combinar es- ses resultados e obter a classificação final é proposta uma árvore de decisão que aumentou o desempenho F1 de 0,73 do Ensemble de três tipos de classificadores para 0,87 sobre uma base de dados pública.
A proposal of a graph-based computational method for ranking significant set of related genes in cancer
Authors: Cutigi Jorge Francisco , Evangelista Adriane Feijó , Simão Adenilso Da Silva
Published: August 2019

Identifying significant mutations in cancer is a key point in Cancer Genomics, and it is one of the biggest challenges in the area. Computational methods for identifying significant mutations have been developed in recent years. In this work, we present a proposal of a flexible computational method with an extensive biological base for ranking significant set of related genes in cancer. Our method considers data about mutations, type of mutations, gene interaction networks and mutual exclusivity pattern.
Smiles 3D: Plataforma Web para Comunicação de Profissionais na Área Odontológica
Authors: Peres Breno A. Fróes , Aguiar Guilherme , Fernandes Claudio , Seixas Flavio , Muchaluat-Saade Débora
Published: August 2019

Com a nova era digital, estão surgindo novas necessidades no mercado odontológico, sejam elas relacionadas a infraestrutura, especializações ou modelos de negociação. Dessa forma, para atender a tais necessidades, o projeto Smiles 3D foi criado, com o intuito de facilitar a comunicação entre protéticos e dentistas, visando melhorar a oferta e a aquisição de serviços e produtos odontológicos. Além disso, possibilita um relacionamento mais prático e rápido, seja comercial, educacional ou econômico, na área odontológica, tornando o mercado mais competitivo.
PET-CT Preparation: Solução Mobile na preparação de pacientes para o exame 18-FDG PET CT
Authors: Soares Celine Lacerda de Abreu , Fernandes Fernando De Amorim , De S. Filho Érito Marques , Giubbini Raffaele , Gazzilli Marina , Verberne Hain , Seixas Flávio Luiz , Mesquita Claudio Tinoco
Published: August 2019

A Tomografia por Emissão de Pósitrons para exames cardíacos vem sendo cada vez mais utilizada como parte do repertório de imagem. Um problema de rotina na preparação de PET-CT é a necessidade de redução da captação de glicose pelo miocárdio. Modificar a dieta três dias antes da 18F- FDG -CT é obrigatório para a adequada supressão e, consequentemente, um aumento da precisão. Sob os auspícios de uma equipe multidisciplinar, estamos desenvolvendo com o framework Ionic4 para multiplataforma, uma aplicação móvel capaz de registrar e informar ao usuário a dieta que o paciente deve realizar por três dias antes do exame. Depois de instalar em smartphones, o aplicativo deve ser testado quanto a falhas e segurança.
Sistema Biomédico com Jogo Sério e Dispositivo Especial para Reabilitação Respiratória
Authors: Grimes Renato Hartmann , Hounsell Marcelo Da Silva
Published: August 2019

A Organização Mundial da Saúde informa que doenças respiratórias são responsáveis por diversas incapacidades e por uma das causas mais comuns de mortes em todas as regiões do mundo. A Reabilitação Respiratória (RR) é o processo usado para tratar pacientes com doenças respiratórias e exige uma abordagem sistemática, repetitiva e de longo prazo, acarretando na redução da adesão ao tratamento pelos pacientes. Uma possibilidade para elevar o engajamento dos pacientes pode ser o uso de Jogos Sérios (JS), jogos digi- tais desenvolvidos para um objetivo especı́fico além do entretenimento e com participação de especialistas. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi desenvolver um Sis- tema Biomédico (SB) para auxiliar a RR por meio de um hardware especı́fico e um JS, com envolvimento e avaliação por profissionais da área de RR. Foram usadas metodologias de design de JS, design participativo e um questionário para avaliar a percepção de utilidade do SB. Desenvolveu-se (i) um processo de design de JS, (ii) um SB com JS chamado I Blue It, (iii) um hardware medidor de fluxo respiratório, apelidado de PITACO, e (iv) uma versão melhorada do Seri- ous Exergame Utility Questionnarie. Concebeu-se um JS que usa cinco medidas do processo respiratório (pico expiratório e inspiratório, duração da expiração e inspiração, e frequência respiratória) com envolvimento de 106 sujeitos em 15 iterações de design onde a última, com um grupo de 32 estudantes de fisio- terapia, teve o SB avaliado em 4,1 (numa escala de 1 a 5) quanto ao potencial de utilidade para auxiliar na RR. Ainda como resultado, este trabalho gerou três artigos cientı́ficos e dois prêmios, um de inovação pelo dispositivo e outro cientı́fico pelo jogo sério. Conclui-se que o sistema biomédico com jogo sério e dispositivo medidor de fluxo respiratório desenvolvido tem bom potencial para auxiliar na reabilitação respiratória.
Assistente inteligente para auxiliar na prevenção do diabetes Tipo 2
Authors: Marinho Tiago L. , F. Filho Wagner W. B. , Freire Gabriel F.B. , Costa Mirna De A. , Da Silva Leandro D. , C.  Sobrinho Álvaro A. de C. , Costa Evandro De B.
Published: August 2019

Neste artigo é apresentado um assistente inteligente para auxiliar na prevenção do diabetes tipo 2. O assistente é baseado em técnicas de in- teligência artificial, tomando como base o modelo de um sistema especialista, e representação do conhecimento e do raciocı́nio de um especialista. O uso de um aplicativo para dispositivos móveis pode favorecer, principalmente, populações de baixa renda e geograficamente remotas, que têm dificuldades de ter acesso a um especialista para acompanhamento contı́nuo.
Classificação de Gestos Usando Eletromiografia para Controle de Dispositivos
Authors: Martins Arthur M. , Andrade Fernanda S. , Nascimento Gabriel S. , Coutinho Gustavo B. , Queiroz Moises F. , Valentim Ricardo A. , Nagem Danilo P.
Published: August 2019

Este estudo aborda a análise da eletromiografia (EMG) para reconhecer posições não convencionais do MyoTM Armband e expandir a lista de padrões de gestos, a fim de controlar dispositivos de forma mais precisa e com mais funcionalidades. Dentre os controles, foi desenvolvido uma biblioteca de comandos que podem ser aplicados em diversos projetos diferentes, como a Interface Homem-Máquina para jogos, controle de dispositivos de multimídia, projetos IoT, controle de eletrodomésticos ou de próteses robóticas. O sistema possibilita o controle de qualquer dispositivo através da contração muscular.
Les Enregistrements Comme Moyen de Preuve en Droit Congolais et en droit Francais
Authors: Bokoso Jack’s Mbombaka
Published: August 2019

Justice! Ce mot, fort de symboles, incarne l’aspiration de la victime d’une infraction qui souhaite légitimement être entendue dans sa volonté de voir punir le coupable que celle de la personne injustement mise en cause qui attend de la société qu’elle reconnaisse son innocence. Le processus pénal doit alors assurer l’équilibre entre les « deux intérêts également opposés, puissants et sacrés » qui veulent à la fois être protégés. En équilibre, la preuve pénale en forme le « gage ». Les enregistrements et vidéos servent aujourd’hui des preuves indiscutables en droit français; le droit congolais les n’en donne pas autant d’importance. Face à cette évidence, devrons-nous continués toujours à mettre de côté cette catégorie des preuves devenues irréversibles et redoutables face à la forte évolution de la technologie au Congo? C’estpourquoi cet article plaide pour une modification rapide du code de procédure pénale congolaise afin que soient intégrés ses armes redoutables.
À propos de l’immunité de Chef d’État et du manquement à l’obligation de coopérer avec la Cour pénale internationale. Regard sur la Décision n° : ICC-02/05- 01/09 concernant la non-exécution par l’Afrique du Sud de la demande de la Cour
Authors: Mujinya Bahati , Eugène Bakama Bope
Published: August 2019

Le défaut de pertinence de la qualité officielle est une règle dont la mise en application dans les poursuites visant les officiels des États non parties au Statut de Rome fait face à d'importants écueils dans la pratique de la Cour pénale internationale et soulève d’âpres discussions restées sans réponse claire et satisfaisante. Des procédures mettant en cause des États pour manquement à l’obligation de coopérer avec la Cour en constituent la preuve. Tirant des leçons de la décision concernant la non-exécution par l’Afrique du Sud de la demande de la Cour dans la situation au Soudan, cette étude propose quelques perspectives de coopération en s’inspirant du contexte africain marqué par la persistance des revendications nées des poursuites contre les bénéficiaires d’immunités.
Divine Idealism as Physicalism? Reflections on the Structural Definition of Physicalism
Authors: Thompson Jon W. ,   The Society of Christian Philosophers
Published: August 2019

Hempel’s Dilemma remains at the center of the problem of defining physicalism. In brief, the dilemma asks whether physicalism should be defined by appeal to current or future physics. If defined by current physics, physicalism is almost certainly false. If defined by an ideal future physics, then physicalism has little determinable content. Montero and Papineau have innovatively suggested that the dilemma may be avoided by defining physicalism structurally. While their definition is one among many definitions, it is significant in that—if successful—it would break the impasse for defining physicalism. I argue, however, that the structural definition fails because it counts metaphysical frameworks (crucially, versions of divine idealism) as “physicalist”—an unwelcome result for physicalists. This paper thus furthers the debate on the definition of physicalism and sheds light on the relationship between physicalism and idealism.
Growing Older and Getting Wiser
Authors: Jecker Nancy S. ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: August 2019

Health care reform to provide long-term care supportive services for growing numbers of older Americans presents ethical, cultural, and political challenges. This paper draws lessons from Japan, the world’s oldest nation, to develop an ethical argument in support of enacting public long-term care in the U.S. Despite cultural and political challenges, the paper shows that the ethical case for reform is strong, with broad ethical support from a range of ethical perspectives.
ACRL guidelines for the preparation of policies on library access
Authors: Library Association America
Published: August 2019

ACRL guidelines for the preparation of policies on library access
Standards for ethical conduct for rare book, manuscript, and special collections libraries and librarians
Authors: Library Association American
Published: August 2019

Standards for ethical conduct for rare book, manuscript, and special collections libraries and librarians
In the News
Authors: Davis Mary Ellen K.
Published: August 2019

In the News
Media tips: How to get speaking opportunities
Authors: Beaubien Anne
Published: August 2019

Media tips: How to get speaking opportunities
Letters
Authors: Reid Jr Thomas G. , Usher Caroline
Published: August 2019

Letters
Conference Circuit: Images as information resources
Authors: Nuckles Nancy
Published: August 2019

Conference Circuit: Images as information resources
ACRL Standards: Standards for community, junior, and technical college learning resources programs
Authors: Library Association American
Published: August 2019

ACRL Standards: Standards for community, junior, and technical college learning resources programs
A Design Flow of Rudder Configurations Based on Maneuvering Simulations
Authors: Liu Jialun , Hekkenberg Robert , Li Shijie
Published: August 2019

The performance of ship rudders affects ship maneuvering, including, but not limited to, turning ability, yaw checking ability, and course-keeping ability. Previous empirical formulas for the rudder forces did not properly address the impacts of the rudder profile and the interaction between rudders in case there are more than one. To take these factors into account during the selection of rudder configurations, the regression formulas of rudder hydrodynamics that were formulated based on a series of RANS simulations and presented by Liu et al. (2016, 2017b) are applied in this study. With a more accurate estimation of rudder hydrodynamic coefficients, the impacts of rudder configurations on ship maneuvering and resistance are studied with an integrated mathematical model introduced by Liu et al. (2017a) through maneuvering simulations. The impacts of rudder configurations, more specifically rudder profiles, the spacing between twin rudders, and the spacing among quadruple rudders, on ship maneuvering and resistance are summarized. This can be used as a guide for designers to quickly assess their design choices. Accordingly, a design flow is proposed for naval architects to choose a proper rudder configuration, especially for large seagoing ships and inland vessels which commonly have multiple-rudder configurations.
Aflatoxigenic contamination of freshly harvested white maize (Zea mays L.) from some selected Ugandan districts
Authors: Omara Timothy
Published: August 2019

The moisture content and total aflatoxin (AF) content of 27 samples of freshly harvested white maize (Zea mays L.) from Mubende (n = 3), Ibanda (n = 3), Jinja (n = 3), Mayuge (n = 3) , Buikwe (n = 3), Hoima (n = 3), Mpigi (n = 3), Masindi (n = 3) and Bugiri (n = 3) districts of Uganda representing the agroecological zones: Lake Victoria crescent, Western Highlands, South East and Lake Albert Crescent were determined in the second season harvest of January 2019 to March 2019. Moisture content ranged from 12.9 to 18.8% (mean moisture content varied from 13.9±0.35-17.2±1.55%) with the highest moisture recorded in maize from Ibanda. The highest mean AF contamination of 11.0±3.01 μg/kg was recorded in maize from Hoima while the lowest AF content of 3.8±1.30 μg/kg was recorded in maize from Mpigi. Despite the fact that all the samples had detectable aflatoxins, none of the maize samples had aflatoxin greater than WHO regulatory limit of 20 μg/kg. White maize in Uganda are precontaminated by aflatoxins prior to harvest. Whereas the spectre of aflatoxigenic contamination of foods remains a ticklish challenge to address, strategic adaptation and deployment of appropriate interventions can help secure a safe harvest. Farmers should plant maize varieties with established maturity periods to ensure timely harvesting. Further research should assess the presence of other mycotoxins as zearalenone, sterigmatocystin, ochratoxin A, citrinin, vomitoxin and diacetoxyscirpenol that may co-occur with aflatoxins in freshly harvested maize.
Generation of human hepatic progenitor cells with regenerative and metabolic capacities from primary hepatocytes
Authors: Katsuda Takeshi , Matsuzaki Juntaro , Yamaguchi Tomoko , Yamada Yasuhiro , Prieto-Vila Marta , Hosaka Kazunori , Takeuchi Atsuko , Saito Yoshimasa , Ochiya Takahiro
Published: August 2019

Hepatocytes are regarded as the only effective cell source for cell transplantation to treat liver diseases; however, their availability is limited due to a donor shortage. Thus, a novel cell source must be developed. We recently reported that mature rodent hepatocytes can be reprogrammed into progenitor-like cells with a repopulative capacity using small molecule inhibitors. Here, we demonstrate that hepatic progenitor cells can be obtained from human infant hepatocytes using the same strategy. These cells, named human chemically induced liver progenitors (hCLiPs), had a significant repopulative capacity in injured mouse livers following transplantation. hCLiPs redifferentiated into mature hepatocytes in vitro upon treatment with hepatic maturation-inducing factors. These redifferentiated cells exhibited cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymatic activities in response to CYP-inducing molecules and these activities were comparable with those in primary human hepatocytes. These findings will facilitate liver cell transplantation therapy and drug discovery studies.
Image based quantitative comparisons indicate heightened megabenthos diversity and abundance at a site of weak hydrocarbon seepage in the southwestern Barents Sea
Authors: Sen Arunima , Chitkara Cheshtaa , Hong Wei-Li , Lepland Aivo , Cochrane Sabine , di Primio Rolando , Brunstad Harald
Published: August 2019

Background

High primary productivity in the midst of high toxicity defines hydrocarbon seeps; this feature usually results in significantly higher biomass, but in lower diversity communities at seeps rather than in the surrounding non-seep benthos. Qualitative estimates indicate that this dichotomy does not necessarily hold true in high latitude regions with respect to megafauna. Instead, high latitude seeps appear to function as local hotspots of both megafaunal diversity and abundance, although quantitative studies do not exist. In this study, we tested this hypothesis quantitatively by comparing georeferenced seafloor mosaics of a seep in the southwestern Barents Sea with the adjacent non-seep seafloor.

Methods

Seafloor images of the Svanefjell seep site and the adjacent non seep-influenced background seabed in the southwestern Barents Sea were used to construct georeferenced mosaics. All megafauna were enumerated and mapped on these mosaics and comparisons of the communities at the seep site and the non-seep background site were compared. Sediment push cores were taken in order to assess the sediment geochemical environment.

Results

Taxonomic richness and abundance were both considerably higher at the seep site than the non-seep location. However, taxa were fewer at the seep site compared to other seeps in the Barents Sea or the Arctic, which is likely due to the Svanefjell seep site exhibiting relatively low seepage rates (and correspondingly less chemosynthesis based primary production). Crusts of seep carbonates account for the higher diversity of the seep site compared to the background site, since most animals were either colonizing crust surfaces or using them for shelter or coverage. Our results indicate that seeps in northern latitudes can enhance local benthic diversity and this effect can take place even with weak seepage. Since crusts of seep carbonates account for most of the aggregating effect of sites experiencing moderate/weak seepage such as the study site, this means that the ability of seep sites to attract benthic species extends well beyond the life cycle of the seep itself, which has important implications for the larger marine ecosystem and its management policies.
Effect of Micronutrients in Presence of Different Levels of Organic Manure on Growth and Yield of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)
Authors: Afsun Jinia , Khatun Khaleda , Mostarin Tahmina , Haq Md. Ehsanul , Islam Md. Nahidul , Biswas Bithi Rani , Islam Md. Rafiqul , Ahmed Montasir
Published: August 2019

A field experiment was conducted at the Horticultural Farm of Sher-e–Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka from October, 2017 to March, 2018 to study the effect of micronutrients in presence of different level of organic manure on growth and yield of tomato. There were four combinations of micronutrients viz. N0=0 kg Zn 0 kg B/ha, N1= Zn2 kg B1.5 kg/ha, N2=Zn4 kg B2 kg/ha, N3=Zn6kg B2.5 kg/ha and four organic manure viz M0=0 ton/ha, M1=Cowdung (15 ton/ha), M2=Poultry manure (10 ton/ha), M3=(Cowdung 7.5 ton/ha+ Poultry manure 5 ton/ha). The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with 3 replications and there were altogether 48 plots. Application of micronutrients and organic manure significantly influenced the growth, yield and size of the tomato. The highest yield (66.96 t/ha) was found from treatments N2 and the lowest yield (25.69 t/ha) was obtained from treatment N0. Due to the application of organic manure, the highest yield (50.78 t/ha) was obtained from M3 and the lowest yield (39.86 t/ha) was recorded from M0. In the case of combined effect, the highest yield (76.33 t/ha) was found from treatment N2M3 and the lowest yield (24.60 t/ha) was found from treatment N0M0. So, the application of Zn4 kg B2 kg/ha along with Cowdung 7.5 ton+Poultry manure 5 ton/ha was the best for growth and yield of tomato. Economic analysis raveled that N2M3 gave the maximum benefit-cost ratio (3.2). So, the application of Zn4 kg B2 kg/ha along with Cowdung 7.5 ton+Poultry manure 5 ton/ha was the best for growth and yield of tomato.
Higher-order Spectral Filtering Effects on the Evolution of Stationary Dissipative Solitons
Authors: Kamagaté Aladji , Tehini Ronald , Bamba Aliou
Published: August 2019

A semianalytical method to study the effects of the higher-order spectral filtering in the cubic-quintic complex Swift-Hohenberg equation (CSHE) through the dynamics of one soliton was applied. The approach is based on a reduction from an infinite-dimensional dynamical dissipative system to a finite-dimensional model. This formulation is helpful to study the ground state of the soliton dynamic since it depends on a trial function and a good set of parameters. With real coefficients, the CSHE exhibits stationary dissipative solitons in space with the equation parameters, and the higher-order spectral filtering has a real impact on the cartographies of stationary soliton domain. The detailed analysis reveals the effects of spectral filtering term on the stationary soliton parameters, and displays that it differently influences the cubic and quintic terms of the CSHE. The results highlight the major influence of the spectral filtering on the temporal width of the stationary soliton whereas it does not have a real impact on the amplitude and the spatial width.
A study on the eye movement in people with low vision ‐ A case study in an eye clinic
Authors: Matsuda Yuji , Hara Toshiaki , Kashiwase Mitsutoshi , Nishide Kazuhiko
Published: August 2019

Eight people with low vision and eight people with no visual disability, each equipped with an eye‐mark recorder, were made to walk around the interior of an eye clinic in order to study the walking behavior and eye‐fixation behavior of people with low vision. Their actions and eye marks were recorded on video and their walking speeds and eye movements were compared. The results are as follows: (i) People with low vision tend to walk more slowly, directing their vision in many directions. (ii) People with low vision tend to look at the floor more, in particular, at the edges of the floor. (iii) People with no visual disability look at the target objects and use their peripheral vision while they walk, while people with low vision look more at the elements in their immediate environment while they walk. (iv) Environments with high contrast and continuous boundary surfaces that indicate walking directions are effective in making an interior environment easier for people with low vision to walk in. (v) For people with narrow visual fields or low visual acuity, composing the boundary surface so that it has a certain width increases the effectiveness of perception.
Circularly Polarized Luminescence in Nanoassemblies: Generation, Amplification, and Application
Authors: Sang Yutao , Han Jianlei , Zhao Tonghan , Duan Pengfei , Liu Minghua
Published: August 2019

Currently, the development of circularly polarized luminescent (CPL) materials has drawn extensive attention due to the numerous potential applications in optical data storage, displays, backlights in 3D displays, and so on. While the fabrication of CPL‐active materials generally requires chiral luminescent molecules, the introduction of the “self‐assembly” concept offers a new perspective in obtaining the CPL‐active materials. Following this approach, various self‐assembled materials, including organic‐, inorganic‐, and hybrid systems can be endowed with CPL properties. Benefiting from the advantages of self‐assembly, not only chiral molecules, but also achiral species, as well as inorganic nanoparticles have potential to be self‐assembled into chiral nanoassemblies showing CPL activity. In addition, the dissymmetry factor, an important parameter of CPL materials, can be enhanced through various pathways of self‐assembly. Here, the present status and progress of self‐assembled nanomaterials with CPL activity are reviewed. An overview of the key factors in regulating chiral emission materials at the supramolecular level will largely boost their application in multidisciplinary fields.
Eco‐Compatible Solvent‐Processed Organic Photovoltaic Cells with Over 16% Efficiency
Authors: Hong Ling , Yao Huifeng , Wu Ziang , Cui Yong , Zhang Tao , Xu Ye , Yu Runnan , Liao Qing , Gao Bowei , Xian Kaihu , Woo Han Young , Ge Ziyi , Hou Jianhui
Published: August 2019

Recent advances in nonfullerene acceptors (NFAs) have enabled the rapid increase in power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of organic photovoltaic (OPV) cells. However, this progress is achieved using highly toxic solvents, which are not suitable for the scalable large‐area processing method, becoming one of the biggest factors hindering the mass production and commercial applications of OPVs. Therefore, it is of great importance to get good eco‐compatible processability when designing efficient OPV materials. Here, to achieve high efficiency and good processability of the NFAs in eco‐compatible solvents, the flexible alkyl chains of the highly efficient NFA BTP‐4F‐8 (also known as Y6) are modified and BTP‐4F‐12 is synthesized. Combining with the polymer donor PBDB‐TF, BTP‐4F‐12 shows the best PCE of 16.4%. Importantly, when the polymer donor PBDB‐TF is replaced by T1 with better solubility, various eco‐compatible solvents can be applied to fabricate OPV cells. Finally, over 14% efficiency is obtained with tetrahydrofuran (THF) as the processing solvent for 1.07 cm2 OPV cells by the blade‐coating method. These results indicate that the simple modification of the side chain can be used to tune the processability of active layer materials and thus make it more applicable for the mass production with environmentally benign solvents.
Highly Conductive Multifunctional rGO/CNT Hybrid Sponge for Electromagnetic Wave Shielding and Strain Sensor
Authors: Zhao Xu , Xu Liangliang , Chen Qiang , Peng Qingyu , Yang Minglong , Zhao Wenqi , Lin Zaishan , Xu Fan , Li Yibin , He Xiaodong
Published: August 2019

One of the potential applications for carbon nanotube (CNT) sponge prepared through chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is as a strain sensor. However, the sensitivity of CNT sponge is strongly impeded by the point‐to‐point contact between individual CNTs. A novel method is proposed to introduce reduced graphene oxide (rGO) as a conducting bridge into CNT sponge, in order to dramatically improve the CNT contact. The graphene oxide (GO) is coated onto polystyrene (PS) spheres forming a suspension that is infiltrated into the CVD‐derived CNT sponge under vacuum. The PS spheres are decomposed and GO is reduced by postannealing. Scanning electron microscopy confirms the successful introduction of rGO. A small amount of rGO can effectively increase the electrical conductivity of the CNT sponge by ≈30% without an observable increase in density. A dramatic increment of 66% in sensitivity factor is achieved. Compared with CNT sponge, the microwave shielding effectiveness of the rGO/CNT hybrid sponge is 50% larger. This hybrid sponge is very promising for use as a high‐sensitivity strain sensor in different environments (both in the air and under water) and for high‐efficiency electromagnetic shielding protection.
Microlaser Output from Rare‐Earth Ion‐Doped Nanocrystal‐in‐Glass Microcavities
Authors: Ouyang Tianchang , Kang Shiliang , Zhang Zhishen , Yang Dandan , Huang Xiongjian , Pan Qiwen , Gan Jiulin , Qiu Jianrong , Dong Guoping
Published: August 2019

Nanocrystallized glass ceramics (NGCs) are important optical materials, but few studies have focused on their laser actions. Here, by precipitation of NaYF4 nanocrystals enriched with Er3+ ions in an oxide glass matrix, great enhancement of the luminescence properties for the NGC microspheres is realized. By carefully matching the refractive index of the glass matrix with that of the NaYF4 nanocrystals and controlling the size and distribution of the precipitated nanocrystals, the absorption and Rayleigh scattering losses that are harmful to quality (Q) factors are efficiently suppressed. As a result, the NGC microsphere cavities present ultrahigh Q factors up to 106 (@ 1610 nm), which is slightly lower than that of the microsphere cavities made by precursor glass. Moreover, single mode whispering gallery modes (WGMs) lasing from the NGC microsphere cavities for the first time is successfully realized. Compared with the microsphere cavity based on glass, the NGC microsphere cavity exhibits large enhancement of the pumping efficiency by more than 7 times and a decrease in the threshold by more than 2.5 times. The results demonstrated here suggest a novel method for improving the laser output performances of microcavities, which may have potential applications in areas of photonics and optical communication.
Efficient Gap‐Free Broadband Terahertz Generators Based on New Organic Quinolinium Single Crystals
Authors: Shin Myeong‐Hoon , Kim Won Tae , Kim Se‐In , Lee Seung‐Heon , Yu In Cheol , Jazbinsek Mojca , Yoon Woojin , Yun Hoseop , Kim Dongwook , Rotermund Fabian , Kwon O‐Pil
Published: August 2019

New organic electro‐optic crystals containing orthogonally oriented electron‐withdrawing groups are developed for efficient and gap‐free THz wave generation with a very flat broadband spectral shape. These crystals consist of 2‐(4‐hydroxystyryl)‐1‐methylquinolinium (OHQ) cationic chromophores and nonplanar 4‐(trifluoromethoxy)benzenesulfonate (TFO) anions with orthogonally oriented highly electronegative trifluoromethoxy groups capable of strong hydrogen bonds. OHQ‐TFO crystals exhibit enhanced macroscopic optical nonlinearity with a second harmonic generation efficiency 2.3 times greater than that of benchmark OHQ‐based crystals with conventional planar anions. This enhancement is attributed to reduced edge‐to‐face π–π interactions between cations and anions due to the orthogonal orientation and electron‐withdrawing characteristics of trifluoromethoxy groups. Moreover, OHQ‐TFO crystals exhibit excellent THz wave characteristics generated by optical rectification; 0.52 mm thick OHQ‐TFO crystal generate a peak‐to‐peak THz electric field 15 times higher than that of inorganic standard 1.0 mm thick ZnTe crystal and a broader spectrum with an upper cut‐off frequency near 8 THz at pump wavelengths of 1140–1500 nm. Unlike previously reported state‐of‐the‐art organic electro‐optic salt crystals with strong phonon absorption in the frequency range of 0.8–3 THz, OHQ‐TFO crystals facilitate gap‐free broadband THz wave generation without strong absorption modulations due to the strong hydrogen bond ability of trifluoromethoxy groups.
Transparent Perfect Microwave Absorber Employing Asymmetric Resonance Cavity
Authors: Wang Heyan , Zhang Yilei , Ji Chengang , Zhang Cheng , Liu Dong , Zhang Zhong , Lu Zhengang , Tan Jiubin , Guo L. Jay
Published: August 2019

The demand for high‐performance absorbers in the microwave frequencies, which can reduce undesirable radiation that interferes with electronic system operation, has attracted increasing interest in recent years. However, most devices implemented so far are opaque, limiting their use in optical applications that require high visible transparency. Here, a scheme is demonstrated for microwave absorbers featuring high transparency in the visible range, near‐unity absorption (≈99.5% absorption at 13.75 GHz with 3.6 GHz effective bandwidth) in the Ku‐band, and hence excellent electromagnetic interference shielding performance (≈26 dB). The device is based on an asymmetric Fabry–Pérot cavity, which incorporates a monolayer graphene and a transparent ultrathin (8 nm) doped silver layer as absorber and reflector, and fused silica as the middle dielectric layer. Guided by derived formulism, this asymmetric cavity is demonstrated with microwaves near‐perfectly and exclusively absorbs in the ultrathin graphene film. The peak absorption frequency of the cavity can be readily tuned by simply changing the thickness of the dielectric spacer. The approach provides a viable solution for a new type of microwave absorber with high visible transmittance, paving the way towards applications in the area of optics.
Light‐Addressable Nanoclusters of Ultrasmall Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Enhanced and Dynamic Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Arthritis
Authors: Li Xin , Lu Shiyi , Xiong Zuogang , Hu Yong , Ma Dan , Lou Wenqi , Peng Chen , Shen Mingwu , Shi Xiangyang
Published: August 2019

Design of novel nanoplatforms with single imaging elements for dynamic and enhanced T1/T2‐weighted magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of diseases still remains significantly challenging. Here, a facile strategy to synthesize light‐addressable ultrasmall Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) that can form nanoclusters (NCs) under laser irradiation for enhanced and dynamic T1/T2‐weighted MR imaging of inflammatory arthritis is reported. Citric acid‐stabilized ultrasmall Fe3O4 NPs synthesized via a solvothermal approach are linked with both the arthritis targeting ligand folic acid (FA) and light‐addressable unit diazirine (DA) via polyethylene glycol (PEG) spacer. The formed ultrasmall Fe3O4‐PEG‐(DA)‐FA NPs are cytocompatible, display FA‐mediated targeting specificity to arthritis‐associated macrophage cells, and can form NCs upon laser irradiation to have tunable r1 and r2 relaxivities by varying the laser irradiation duration. With these properties owned, the designed Fe3O4‐PEG‐(DA)‐FA NPs can be used for T1‐weighted MR imaging of arthritis without lasers and enhanced dual‐mode T1/T2‐weighted MR imaging of arthritis under laser irradiation due to the formation of NCs that have extended accumulation within the arthritis region and limited intravasation back to the blood circulation. The designed light‐addressable Fe3O4‐PEG‐(DA)‐FA NPs may be used as a promising platform for dynamic and precision T1/T2‐weighted MR imaging of other diseases.
Biomimicking Stretchable Organic Electrochemical Transistor
Authors: Li Yuanzhe , Wang Naixiang , Yang Anneng , Ling Haifeng , Yan Feng
Published: August 2019

Stretchable organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) can find applications in wearable electronics for biosensing. However, the existing fabrication methods are either inconvenient or expensive. Here, a novel method to fabricate stretchable OECTs based on biomimicking polydimethylsiloxane substrates is reported. The substrate pattern is transferred from the bract of Bougainvillea glabra, demonstrating a 2D wavy structure. To further enhance the stretchability of the Au electrodes of the devices on the wavy surface, a highly conductive polymer film is coated on the Au surface by inkjet printing to bridge disconnected parts separated by cracks. The obtained OECTs demonstrate omnidirectional stretchability up to 30% and a bending radius down to 15 mm with stable performance. Stretchable glucose sensors with a detection limit around 1 µm are developed based on the biomimicking stretchable OECTs, which are sensitive enough for detecting glucose levels in body fluids.
A Battery‐Like Self‐Charge Universal Module for Motional Energy Harvest
Authors: Tan Puchuan , Zheng Qiang , Zou Yang , Shi Bojing , Jiang Dongjie , Qu Xuecheng , Ouyang Han , Zhao Chaochao , Cao Yu , Fan Yubo , Wang Zhong Lin , Li Zhou
Published: August 2019

Wearable and portable electronics have brought great convenience. These battery‐powered commercial devices have a limited lifetime and require recharging, which makes more extensive applications challenging. Here, a battery‐like self‐charge universal module (SUM) is developed, which is able to efficiently convert mechanical energy into electrical energy and store it in one device. An integrated SUM consists of a power management unit and an energy harvesting unit. Compared to other mechanical energy harvesting devices, SUM is more ingenious, efficient and can be universally used as a battery. Under low frequency (5 Hz), a SUM can deliver an excellent normalized output power of 2 mW g−1. After carrying several SUMs and jogging for 10 min, a commercial global positioning system module is powered and works continuously for 0.5 h. SUMs can be easily assembled into different packages for powering various commercial electronics, demonstrating the great application prospects of SUM as a sustainable battery‐like device for wearable and portable electronics.
Stochastic DNA Walkers in Droplets for Super‐Multiplexed Bacterial Phenotype Detection
Authors: Xiao Mingshu , Zou Kui , Li Li , Wang Lihua , Tian Yang , Fan Chunhai , Pei Hao
Published: August 2019

Pathogen detection is growing in importance in the global health arena because of the high morbidity and mortality associated with bacterial blood stream infections. In this work, we present stochastic DNA walkers in droplets (SDwalker‐Drop), a one‐step, rapid, and super‐multiplex method for ultrahigh‐throughput bacterial detection. The SDwalkers, by exploiting cascade signal amplification, endow our analytical platform with fast analysis times and single‐cell analysis ability. The autonomous and multiple‐step walking behavior of the SDwalkers provides a super‐multiplex droplet‐encoding strategy by embedding intensity coded barcodes into a sequence of color‐multiplexed barcodes. We realized a theoretical coding capacity of 83−1=511 and achieved 20 distinct patterns for bacterial phenotype detection and identification. Moreover, our SDwalker‐Drop platform could be readily integrated with a flow cytometer to afford a general approach for super‐multiplexed, high‐throughput biological assays and screening.
Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Theoretical Studies of PCSe−, AsCS−, AsCSe−, and NCSe−: Insights into the Electronic Structures of the Whole Family of ECX− Anions (E=N, P, As; X=O, S, Se)
Authors: Yuan Qinqin , Tambornino Frank , Hinz Alexander , Borden Weston Thatcher , Goicoechea Jose M. , Chen Bo , Wang Xue‐Bin
Published: August 2019

The newly synthesized phosphorus‐ and arsenic‐containing analogues of the thio‐ and seleno‐cyanate anions, PCSe−, AsCS−, and AsCSe−, as well as the known ion NCSe− were investigated in the gas phase by negative‐ion photoelectron spectroscopy (NIPES), velocity‐map imaging (VMI) spectroscopy, and quantum‐chemical computations. The electron affinities (EA), spin–orbit (SO) splittings, and “symmetric”/“asymmetric” stretching frequencies of the neutral radicals ECX. (E=N, P, As; X=S, Se), generated by electron detachment from the corresponding anions, were obtained from the spectra. The calculated EAs, SO splittings, and vibrational frequencies are in excellent agreement with the experimental measurements. These newly obtained values, when combined with those previously determined for the lighter analogues, show interesting trends on descending the pnictogen and chalcogen series. These trends are rationalized based on electronegativity arguments, the electron distributions in the HOMOs, and NBO/NRT analyses.
A Mechanistic Analysis of the Palladium‐Catalyzed Formation of Branched Allylic Amines Reveals the Origin of the Regio‐ and Enantioselectivity through a Unique Inner‐Sphere Pathway
Authors: Hu Lingfei , Cai Aijie , Wu Zhenzhen , Kleij Arjan W. , Huang Genping
Published: August 2019

A recently reported palladium‐catalyzed allylic substitution of vinyl‐substituted cyclic carbonates (VCCs) with aryl amines represents a rare example of a regio‐ and enantioselective synthesis of α,α‐disubstituted allylic N‐aryl amines. However, the underlying reasons for this unusual selectivity profile remain elusive. In the present work, density functional theory (DFT) calculations in combination with mechanistic control experiments were performed to elucidate in detail this allylic amination manifold and the origin of the regio‐ and enantioselectivity. The combined data show that after oxidative addition of the VCC to Pd0, the nucleophilic attack via an originally proposed outer‐sphere pathway gives, however, the opposite regioisomer compared to the experimental results. Instead, nucleophilic attack of the amine reagent via a unique type of chelation‐assisted, inner‐sphere pathway accounts for the experimentally observed “branched” regioselectivity and high enantio‐control.
Synthesis of citric acid modified β‐cyclodextrin/activated carbon hybrid composite and their adsorption properties toward methylene blue
Authors: Tang Kaili , Li Yanhui , Zhang Xiaoping , Li Meixiu , Du Qiuju , Li Hong , Wang Yuqi , Wang Dechang , Wang Cuiping , Sui Kunyan , Li Hongliang , Xia Yanzhi
Published: August 2019

In this article, citric acid modified β‐cyclodextrin/activated carbon hybrid (CA‐β‐CD/AC) composites were synthesized by crosslinking reaction, and their adsorption properties for methylene blue were studied. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) method were used to characterize the structure and the morphology of composite materials. It was investigated that the effect of experiment parameters on the adsorption performance including weight fraction of AC in the composite, the adsorbent dose, the initial concentration of MB, the solution pH value, contact time, and temperature. The maximum adsorption capacity calculated by the Langmuir isotherm is 862.07 mg g−1. Kinetic studies show that the adsorption process follows the pseudo‐first‐order and pseud‐second‐order reaction models. Thermodynamic analysis indicated that the adsorption behavior was an exothermic reaction. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 48315.
Torfmoos (Sphagnum) – historisches Erfahrungswissen und neue Einsatzmöglichkeiten für ein Naturprodukt
Authors: Kain Günther , Idam Friedrich , Tonini Sarah , Wimmer Angelika
Published: August 2019

Torfmoos (Sphagnum) ist ein von alters her vielfach eingesetztes Dicht‐, Füll‐, und Dämmmaterial. Im Zuge der Bemühungen trockengelegte Moore wieder zu vernässen, wird die technische Nutzung von Torfmoosen (Sphagnum farming) erneut diskutiert. Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Untersuchung wurden die Wärmeleitfähigkeit und das hygroskopische Verhalten von unterschiedlich schweren Torfmoosmatten untersucht. Es zeigte sich, dass Torfmoos ein sehr vielversprechendes Fugendichtungsmaterial ist und die Dämmeigenschaften jenen von Polystyrol oder Mineralwolle ebenbürtig sind. Darüber hinaus wurden prototypische Baudetails zur Verwendung von Torfmoos als Dichtungs‐ und Dämmmaterial für die Bauanschlussfuge von Fenstern entwickelt. Torfmoos könnte hier eine Alternative zum weitverbreiteten PU‐Schaum im ökologischen Bausektor sein.
Estimating the decision curve and its precision from three study designs
Authors: Pfeiffer Ruth M. , Gail Mitchell H.
Published: August 2019

The decision curve plots the net benefitof a risk model for making decisions over a range of risk thresholds, corresponding to different ratios of misclassification costs. We discuss three methods to estimate the decision curve, together with corresponding methods of inference and methods to compare two risk models at a given risk threshold. One method uses risks (R) and a binary event indicator (Y) on the entire validation cohort. This method makes no assumptions on how well‐calibrated the risk model is nor on the incidence of disease in the population and is comparatively robust to model miscalibration. If one assumes that the model is well‐calibrated, one can compute a much more precise estimate ofbased on risksRalone. However, if the risk model is miscalibrated, serious bias can result. Case–control data can also be used to estimateif the incidence (or prevalence) of the event () is known. This strategy has comparable efficiency to using the fulldata, and its efficiency is only modestly less than that for the fulldata if the incidence is estimated from the mean ofY. We estimate variances using influence functions and propose a bootstrap procedure to obtain simultaneous confidence bands around the decision curve for a range of thresholds. The influence function approach to estimate variances can also be applied to cohorts derived from complex survey samples instead of simple random samples.
Comprehensive analysis of five long noncoding RNAs expression as competing endogenous RNAs in regulating hepatoma carcinoma
Authors: Lou Xin , Li Jun , Yu Dong , Wei Ya‐Qing , Feng Shuang , Sun Jin‐Jin
Published: August 2019

Liver cancer is the most common cancer and is the epitome of a recalcitrant cancer. Increasing evidence shown that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA) were associated with cancer‐related death and could function as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA). To explore regulatory roles and potential prognostic biomarkers of lncRNA for liver cancer, RNA‐sequencing expression data were downloaded from the TCGA database and GEO database. A total of 357 patients were randomly divided into a discovery group and a validation group, of which 313 patients can obtain clinical data. In discovery phrase, 58 lncRNAs, 16 miRNAs, and 34 mRNAs were screened to construct the ceRNA network based on 252 patients employed from discovery group. Univariate and multivariate Cox hazard regression analysis model revealed that five lncRNAs (AATK‐AS1, C10orf91, LINC00162, LINC00200, and LINC00501) from 58 lncRNAs were formulated to predict the overall survival (OS). We used the value of gene expression and regression coefficients to construct a risk score based on the five lncRNAs. Next, we validated our model in the GSE116174 dataset (n = 64) and the validation group (n = 94) from TCGA database. Subgroup analysis suggest that the five lncRNAs played critical parts in early stage in cancer from both discovery and validation groups. The five lncRNAs were also found to be associated with immune cells infiltration including CD4+ memory activated, NK cells activated and mast cells activated, then the results were also validated according to the validation group. Furthermore, KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that these nine coexpressed modules using the method of WGCNA, and many of these pathways are associated with the development and progression of disease. At last, the transcription factor binding sites (TFBS) of the five lncRNAs were predicted, which help us to understand the potential mechanism that the TFBS adjusted the ceRNA network. In summary, the ceRNA regulatory network may contribute to a better understanding of liver cancer mechanism and provide potential prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
Cationic Chalcogenoviologen Derivatives for Photodynamic Antimicrobial Therapy and Skin Regeneration
Authors: Zhou Kun , Tian Ran , Li Guoping , Qiu Xinyu , Xu Letian , Guo Mengying , Chigan Dongdong , Zhang Yanfeng , Chen Xin , He Gang
Published: August 2019

A series of water‐soluble cationic chalcogenoviologen‐based photosensitizers for photodynamic antimicrobial therapy (PDAT) is reported. The Se‐containing derivatives (SeMV2+) 5 b and 6 b showed good antimicrobial activities due to the presence of chalcogen atoms and a cationic scaffold. The former efficiently enhanced the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the latter facilitated the ROS delivery to bacteria, resulting in their death. Interestingly, alkyl‐modified photosensitizers showed higher antimicrobial activities than commonly reported photosensitizers with quaternary ammonium (QA) groups. In particular, the SeMV2+ (6 b) with excellent antibacterial activities efficiently promoted the healing of infected wounds in mice. Simple yet novel, nontoxic and biocompatible chalcogenoviologens provided a promising strategy to develop new efficient photosensitizers for photodynamic antimicrobial therapy and skin regeneration.