bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development and maturity of co-word thematic clusters: the field of linked data
Authors: Hosseini Elaheh , Taghizadeh Milani Kimiya , Sabetnasab Mohammad Shaker
Published: July 2023

Purpose

This research aimed to visualize and analyze the co-word network and thematic clusters of the intellectual structure in the field of linked data during 1900–2021.

Design/methodology/approach

This applied research employed a descriptive and analytical method, scientometric indicators, co-word techniques, and social network analysis. VOSviewer, SPSS, Python programming, and UCINet software were used for data analysis and network structure visualization.

Findings

The top ranks of the Web of Science (WOS) subject categorization belonged to various fields of computer science. Besides, the USA was the most prolific country. The keyword ontology had the highest frequency of co-occurrence. Ontology and semantic were the most frequent co-word pairs. In terms of the network structure, nine major topic clusters were identified based on co-occurrence, and 29 thematic clusters were identified based on hierarchical clustering. Comparisons between the two clustering techniques indicated that three clusters, namely semantic bioinformatics, knowledge representation, and semantic tools were in common. The most mature and mainstream thematic clusters were natural language processing techniques to boost modeling and visualization, context-aware knowledge discovery, probabilistic latent semantic analysis (PLSA), semantic tools, latent semantic indexing, web ontology language (OWL) syntax, and ontology-based deep learning.

Originality/value

This study adopted various techniques such as co-word analysis, social network analysis network structure visualization, and hierarchical clustering to represent a suitable, visual, methodical, and comprehensive perspective into linked data.
The Protective Effects of Herbacetin Against 2,4,6-Trinitrobenzene Sulfonic Acid-Induced Inflammatory Bowel Disease via Inhibition of the NF-κB Signaling Pathway
Authors: Zhao Shipei , Xin Chen , Da Jun , Wang Zhongqiong
Published: July 2023

The study investigated the effects of Herbacetin on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) rats and Caco-2 cells with inflammatory injury induced by 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS), respectively. TNBS-induced IBD rats were administered with Mesalazine
or Herbacetin, while LPS-induced Caco-2 cells were treated with various concentrations of Herbacetin. The body weight of rats was observed, and colon morphological characteristics were studied by H&E staining. The expressions of inflammatory cytokines in serum and T lymphocyte subsets
in PB lymphocytes were analyzed. The results showed that Herbacetin treatment increased disease activity index, rats’ body weight, and survival rate in vivo. Moreover, Herbacetin was found to alleviate pathological injury and fibrosis in TNBS-induced rats. Flow cytometry analysis
showed decreased percentages of CD3+ and CD8+ and an increased percentage of CD4+ after Herbacetin supplement. Furthermore, TNF-α and IL-1β were down-regulated, while IL-4 and IL-10 were up-regulated in Herbacetin treatment groups. Western blot analysis proved that
Herbacetin suppressed the elevated ratio of p-p65/p65 and p-IκBα/IκBα induced by LPS. These findings suggest that Herbacetin can protect against TNBS-induced inflammatory response and immune injury by deactivating the NF-κB signaling
pathway.
Ubiquitin-Specific Protease 12-Mediated Stabilization of KDM1A Facilitates Ovarian Cancer Progression Through Activation of the Akt/mTOR/p70S6K Signaling Pathway
Authors: Wang Wenzhi , Liu Xiaoying , Zheng Lei
Published: July 2023

Ovarian cancer is still incurable, and new target genes are needed for further study. USP12 plays a crucial role in tumor progression, but its precise mechanism in ovarian cancer is not fully understood. RT-qPCR and western blot confirmed the expression level of USP12. The effect of
USP12 on the proliferation, migration, and invasion of cells was examined through overexpression and silencing experiments, and key molecular signaling pathways were validated through western blotting. The relationship between USP12 and KDM1A expression was analyzed by Pearson correlation
coefficient. Co-IP and western blot were used to conduct mechanistic studies. Mice xenografts were used to evaluate USP12’s function in vivo. Western blotting showed that USP12 is highly expressed and correlated with poor overall survival. USP12-overexpressing promoted cell processes
in HO8910 cells, while USP12-silencing inhibited them in SKVO3 cells. KDM1A was significantly increased and had a positive relation with USP12 expression at the protein level. Co-IP experiments demonstrated that USP12 regulated KDM1A expression in a ubiquitin-dependent way. USP12 promoted
ovarian cancer progress by stabilizing KDM1A, as shown by rescue experiments. in vivo studies showed that USP12-overexpressing promoted tumor growth and USP12-silencing inhibited it. Our results demonstrated that USP12 stabilized KDM1A to promote ovarian cancer progress via the Akt/mTOR/p70S6K
signaling pathway, suggesting a new therapeutic target for ovarian cancer.
Evaluation of the microstructure and tensile strength of SiC reinforced AA1050 aluminum composite wires fabricated by friction stir extrusion process
Authors: Soleimanipour Mojtaba , Abedinzadeh Reza , Eftekhari Seyyed Ali , Heidari Ali
Published: July 2023

In this study, the friction stir extrusion process as a new method was used to produce AA 1050 aluminum composite wires reinforced with silicon carbide (SiC) powder. The effect of process parameters on temperature (T), porosity (P) and ultimate tensile strength (UTS) was evaluated using the response surface method based on the Box-Behnken design. The input parameters included rotational speed (RS), extrusion force (EF) and reinforcement weight percentage (RF). Moreover, the microstructural evaluation of composite samples was conducted using optical microscope and scanning electron microscope. Finally, analysis of variance and regression analysis were used to obtain an appropriate model and confirm the accuracy of the results. The results showed that the temperature was increased by increasing the rotational speed to 1000 r/min and decreasing the extrusion force to 5.5 kN. Moreover, the lowest porosity value (averaged = 0.5%), and the highest tensile strength value (averaged = 153 MPa) were obtained at RS = 750 r/min, EF = 10.5 kN and RF = 3%. This can be attributed to the uniform distribution of reinforcing particles and strong interfacial bonding between SiC particles and the aluminum matrix. Also, the most effective parameter in the process was rotational speed which exhibited the greatest influence on P (53%) and UTS (41%) of composite samples. However, reinforcement weight percentage had the least effect on P (14%) and UTS (28%).
LincRNA-EPS Alleviates Inflammation in TMJ Osteoarthritis by Binding to SRSF3
Authors: Wu W. , Hu A. , Xu H. , Su J.
Published: July 2023

Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA) is a common inflammatory disease that can cause pain, cartilage degradation, and subchondral bone loss. However, the key regulatory factors and new targets for the treatment of TMJOA have yet to be determined. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have shown remarkable potential in regulating tissue homeostasis and disease development. The long intergenic RNA–erythroid prosurvival ( lincRNA-EPS) is reported to be an effective inhibitor of inflammation, but its role in TMJOA is unexplored. Here, we found that lincRNA-EPS is downregulated and negatively correlated with inflammatory factors in the condyles of TMJOA mice. LincRNA-EPS knockout aggravated inflammation and tissue destruction after TMJOA modeling. The in vitro studies confirmed that loss of lincRNA-EPS facilitated inflammatory factor expression in condylar chondrocytes, while recovered expression of lincRNA-EPS showed anti-inflammatory effects. Mechanistically, RNA sequencing revealed that the inflammatory response pathway nuclear factor–kappa B (NF-κB) was mostly affected by lincRNA-EPS deficiency. Moreover, lincRNA-EPS was proved to effectively bind to serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 3 (SRSF3) and inhibit its function in pyruvate kinase isoform M2 (PKM2) formation, thus restraining the PKM2/NF-κB pathway and the expression of inflammatory factors. In addition, local injection of the lincRNA-EPS overexpression lentivirus significantly alleviated inflammation, cartilage degradation, and subchondral bone loss in TMJOA mice. Overall, lincRNA-EPS regulated the inflammatory process of condylar chondrocytes by binding to SRSF3 and showed translational application potential in the treatment of TMJOA.
Toward a blue missiology: Theological education as eco-missional formation
Authors: Lakawa Septemmy Eucharistia
Published: July 2023

This article discusses the role of Christian theological education in integrating an ecological vision into missional formation. Using Jakarta Theological Seminary's (JTS) Green Campus Blue Seminary program as a case study, it expounds on the contextuality and multidirectionality of this Indonesian theological seminary's educational program as eco-missional formation amid contemporary environmental problems, particularly the marine ecological crisis. My argument is twofold. First, eco-missional formation is imperative for theological education as part of its missional task amid the current ecological crisis. Second, envisioning theological education as eco-missional formation requires a reimagination of missiology from within the marine ecological crisis—thus, I refer to this as blue missiology. I identify the contextual-constructive dimension of blue missiology by interconnecting JTS's eco-missional formation, the history of environmental mission, local Indonesian narratives of the sea, and blue spirituality as the core of eco-missional formation.
Autonomous navigation of underactuated bipedal robots in height-constrained environments
Authors: Li Zhongyu , Zeng Jun , Chen Shuxiao , Sreenath Koushil
Published: July 2023

Navigating a large-scaled robot in unknown and cluttered height-constrained environments is challenging. Not only is a fast and reliable planning algorithm required to go around obstacles, the robot should also be able to change its intrinsic dimension by crouching in order to travel underneath height-constrained regions. There are few mobile robots that are capable of handling such a challenge, and bipedal robots provide a solution. However, as bipedal robots have nonlinear and hybrid dynamics, trajectory planning while ensuring dynamic feasibility and safety on these robots is challenging. This paper presents an end-to-end autonomous navigation framework which leverages three layers of planners and a variable walking height controller to enable bipedal robots to safely explore height-constrained environments. A vertically actuated spring-loaded inverted pendulum (vSLIP) model is introduced to capture the robot’s coupled dynamics of planar walking and vertical walking height. This reduced-order model is utilized to optimize for long-term and short-term safe trajectory plans. A variable walking height controller is leveraged to enable the bipedal robot to maintain stable periodic walking gaits while following the planned trajectory. The entire framework is tested and experimentally validated using a bipedal robot Cassie. This demonstrates reliable autonomy to drive the robot to safely avoid obstacles while walking to the goal location in various kinds of height-constrained cluttered environments.
Examining the use of assistance dogs to enhance participation in everyday occupations for people with mobility challenges
Authors: Isaacson Mary , Hellman Chan
Published: July 2023

Introduction:

The impact of assistance dogs on an individual’s life is multifaceted. The occupational therapist must identify how assistance dogs enhance occupational performance and influence an individual’s life. This study aims to deepen our understanding about the benefits and challenges of assistance dogs for individuals with mobility challenges.

Methods:

The qualitative data analysis included codes and theme identification. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive analysis, including mean, standard deviation, and Cronbach’s alpha (score reliability).

Results:

Results indicate that the job of the assistance dog is comprehensive and complex. Assistance dogs support independence, provide hope through occupations, assist with general and client-specific needs, and provide companionship. The use of occupational therapy outcome tools to assess the benefits of service dogs adds to the body of literature.

Conclusion:

A service dog enhances occupational performance at home, work, school, and community. This unique study aims to deepen the understanding of the benefits and challenges of assistance dogs as an occupational therapy intervention for individuals with mobility challenges.
Refutations of Say’s Law and Dynamics of a Monetary Economy of Production
Authors: Cottin-Euziol Edouard , Piluso Nicolas
Published: July 2023

In a monetary economy of production, Say’s law is invalid for several reasons. Based on some refutations, it is possible to state that revenues generated by the production process are structurally lower than the supply price of production, which means that firms create insufficient purchasing power to buy what they produce. Herein, we study the dynamics of such an economy and obtain two main results. First, the long-term debt level of that economy must increase during a growth phase to enable demand to grow at the same pace as supply. Second, because of the repayment of this debt, the gap between supply and net revenues generated by the production process widens along a growth phase.

JEL Classification: E12, E2, E30, E42, G21
The Profitability Puzzle of Digital Labor Platforms
Authors: Li Zhongjin , Qi Hao
Published: July 2023

By examining digital labor platforms that connect customers with gig workers, we attempt to solve the puzzle concerning why these labor platforms, such as ride-hailing companies and food delivery companies, continue to suffer weak profitability even though they promise a more efficient way to mobilize and utilize the platform’s labor force. Stylized facts on the profitability of the top ten global labor platforms and a descriptive analysis of their cost structures are presented. We further argue that the modes of production and competition inherent in digital labor platforms are critical to this profitability puzzle because they determine the upper limit of surplus value extraction in production and the heavy financial burden of profit generation for labor platforms.

JEL Classification: P12, E24, D40
Health Information Management and Patient Profile Estimation Using Data Mining Classification Techniques
Authors: Şimşek Duygu Karabulut , Ersöz Filiz
Published: July 2023

Nowadays, the rapid advancement of technological developments consists of complex and large databases. Software programmes are needed because it can be very difficult to process the complex data. The aim of the study is to reveal the patient profile by data mining of the hospital information system and to help make strategic decisions according to patient profile analysis in the establishment of a new hospital or additional hospital departments in the future. The application of data mining in the health sector provides the sector with a faster, reliable and different perspective on decision-making by reaching the desired data. For this purpose, data mining decision tree algorithms were applied, and patient profile estimations were found by using the data of patients receiving service from a private health institution with hospitals in different settlements. By categorising the characteristics of the individuals receiving service and the branches from which they receive service, it was revealed with which variables the patient profile is related. It is thought that determining patient profile will help to follow a more accurate path in the stage of meeting their demands.
Inhibitory Activities of Extracts from Chinese Medicinal Herbs on α-Amylase, α-Glucosidase,and Pancreatic Lipase
Authors: Liu Xiang , Nie Yuhao , Chen Rui , Zhang Xiaoying , Yue Lijuan , Chen Chen
Published: July 2023

Background

Metabolic syndrome is an assortment of conditions that often happens together and upsurge your risk of diabetes, stroke, and heart disease. One strategy for the prophylaxis and treatment of diabetes and obesity is to inhibit the enzymes activities, which include α-glucosidase, α-amylase, and pancreatic lipase.

Objectives

To screen the effect of 16 Chinese medicinal herbs on inhibition of α-glucosidase, α-amylase, and pancreatic lipase.

Materials and Methods

The water extraction of 16 traditional Chinese herbal medicines was used to estimate activity in vitro from different families against α-glucosidase, α-amylase, and pancreatic lipase by using spectrophotometry with p-nitrophenyl-α-D-glucopyranoside (PNPG), starch derivatives, and 4-methylumbelliferone (4-MUO), respectively, as a substrate.

Results

The results showed that the water extraction yield of the 16 rhizomes ranged from 0.2% to 4.0%. Among the tested extracts, the extract from Gastrodia elata exhibited the strongest effect on α-amylase (The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50)) = 4.10 mg/mL). The extracts from Pinellia ternate and Arisaema heterophyllum exhibited noteworthy effects on α-glucosidase (IC50 = 29.21 and 41.13 µg/mL, respectively), and Corydalis turtschaninovii possessed the highest effect on pancreatic lipase (IC50 = 4.11 µg/mL) and a stronger effect than orlistat (IC50 = 4.52 µg/mL).

Conclusion

This study provides a basis for screenings and in-depth studies of anti-obesity and anti-diabetes drugs. Further isolation, identification, and characterization of active compounds should be carried out in the future.
Imatinib mesylate-induced acute hepatotoxicity
Authors: Frikha Imen , Fakhfakh Yousra , Sahnoun Rim , Chtourou Lassaad , Medhaffar Moez , Elloumi Moez
Published: July 2023

Introduction

Imatinib is a first-line selective tyrosine kinase inhibitor used for the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia. Although imatinib-induced hepatotoxicity may aggravate the patient's clinical condition and alter the treatment plan, the mechanism of imatinib-induced hepatotoxicity has rarely been investigated.

Case report

We report a 51-year-old man, suffering from acute toxic hepatitis after 5 months of imatinib treatment for chronic myeloid leukemia.

Management and outcome

The outcome was favorable after discontinuation of treatment with normalization of biological liver function after 12 weeks. The treatment was switched to nilotinib without any incidents.

Discussion

Regular liver function test monitoring is recommended during imatinib treatment. In fact of acute hepatic toxicity, treatment with imatinib should be stopped in the case of cytolysis more than five times the upper limit of normal.
Onset of Inattention and Hyperactivity in Children and Adolescents With Epilepsy 6 months After the Diagnosis
Authors: Rogač Željka , Stevanović Dejan , Bečanović Sara , Dimitrijević Aleksandar , Andrić Ivana , Božić Ljubica , Nikolić Dimitrije M.
Published: July 2023

Objective:

Complete or major symptoms of ADHD are often present in epilepsy. This study evaluated inattention and hyperactivity symptoms over the first 6 months in newly diagnosed pediatric epilepsy without comorbid ADHD.

Method:

Children and adolescents with newly diagnosed epilepsy were followed for 6 months after starting antiseizure medications. The Nisonger Child Behavior Rating Form (NCBRF), Adverse Event Profile (AEP), and the Revised Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children were used.

Results:

There was a marked increase in attention difficulties while a moderate increase in hyperactivity levels. AEP scores, changes in non-verbal aspects of intelligence, levels of hyperactivity at the follow-up, and attention at baseline were significant predictors for inattention. In contrast, only levels of hyperactivity at the baseline and inattention at the follow-up were significant predictors for hyperactivity.

Conclusion:

Significant inattention and hyperactivity levels originated 6 months after the diagnosis of epilepsy and starting antiseizure medication.
The effect of nanoclay on the performance of basalt-epoxy facesheet and foam core sandwich panels
Authors: Joseph Cecil , Muthukumar Chandrasekar , Ng Lin Feng , Subramanian Jeyanthi , Ramesh Chinnasamy , Krishnasamy Senthilkumar , Thiagamani Senthil Muthu Kumar
Published: July 2023

It has been reported that the properties of a foam-based sandwich panel can be enhanced by incorporating nanoclay into the facesheet or foam core. In this study, an attempt was made to disperse nanoclay into the epoxy adhesive so as to bond the facesheet with the core. The sandwich panel in this study was fabricated using a basalt/epoxy laminate as the facesheet and polyvinyl chloride foam as the core material. The characterisation results through flexural and quasi-static indentation tests revealed that the infusion of nanoclay led to an increase of up to 34% in the bending strength, 51% in the core shear strength, and 72% in energy absorption. In addition, the nanoclay-reinforced sandwich panel showed a slightly higher sound absorption coefficient than the control specimen without nanoclay. Another interesting observation from the flexural and quasi-static indentation tests was that the addition of nanoclay also influenced the failure behaviour and the size of the damaged area. The superior energy and sound absorption characteristics make the foam-based sandwich panel a potential material for structural applications requiring acoustic insulation.
Retinal microvascular changes in unilateral functional amblyopia detected by oct-angiography and follow-up during treatment
Authors: Errera Charlotte , Romann Julia , Solecki Lauriana , Gaucher David , Ballonzoli Laurent , Bourcier Tristan , Sauer Arnaud
Published: July 2023

Objective

To evaluate the macular microvascular changes using optical coherence tomographic angiography (OCT-A) in children with unilateral amblyopia and their reversibility during treatment.

Methods

Patients with unilateral strabismic or anisometropic amblyopia or residual amblyopia from early congenital cataract surgery, examined between October 2019 and March 2021, were included. Vessel density and perfusion density in the superficial capillary plexus and area, perimeter and circularity of the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) were analysed using OCT-A in amblyopic eyes, contralateral eyes and control group healthy eyes. Correlation analyses between the microvascular parameters and the visual acuity were performed. In a pilot study on a few patients from the amblyopic cohort, longitudinal follow-up during treatment was also performed.

Results

A total of 128 eyes of 64 patients were included: 32 amblyopic eyes compared with 32 contralateral eyes and 64 control eyes. Vessel density and perfusion density in the superficial capillary plexus were significantly lower in amblyopic eyes compared to control eyes in 6 × 6 mm ( p < 0.02) and 3 × 3 mm ( p < 0.01) scans. Correlation analyses showed a linear decrease in vessel density and perfusion density with decreasing visual acuity. The microvascular changes observed were reversible with the occlusion treatment of amblyopia ( p < 0.001).

Conclusions

The study found a decrease in vessel density and perfusion density in the macula of children with unilateral functional amblyopia. These microvascular changes were correlated with visual acuity and appeared to be reversible with treatment of amblyopia. On the whole, OCT-A appears to be a relevant complementary examination when it comes to diagnosing and monitoring functional amblyopia.
Clinical characteristics of hemodialysis patients with left brachiocephalic vein obstruction due to extrinsic compression or prior catheterization
Authors: Wan Ziming , Lai Qiquan , Zhou Yu , Chen Ling , Gao Xuejing , Tu Bo , Chen Bo
Published: July 2023

Background:

Left brachiocephalic vein (LBCV) stenosis is a common complication in hemodialysis patients and is a heterogenous disorder associated with either prior catheterization or extrinsic compression. This study aimed to characterize patients with LBCV stenosis or occlusion with and without a history of central venous catheterization.

Methods:

We performed a retrospective study in 84 hemodialysis patients with LBCV stenosis or occlusion with ( n = 22) or without ( n = 62) prior catheterization. We compared the clinical features, anatomical factors, restenosis after balloon venoplasty, and patency rates of patients in these two groups.

Results:

In the cohort of 84 patients with LBCV stenosis or occlusion, 73.8% (62 patients) of them had no history of catheterization. Patients without prior catheterization had more stenotic lesions ( p < 0.05) but less occlusive lesions ( p < 0.05) than patients with prior catheterization. The space between the sternum and the aorta was narrower in patients without prior catheterization than that in patients with prior catheterization ( p < 0.05). Percutaneous venography was performed in 81 patients, and the occurrence of recoil after venoplasty in patients without prior catheterization was significantly higher than that in patients with prior catheterization ( p < 0.05). The rate of stent implantation was significantly higher in patients without prior catheterization than patients with prior catheterization ( p < 0.05), whereas there was no significant difference in primary patency between the two groups.

Conclusions:

LBCV stenosis and occlusion are mainly due to extrinsic compression rather than prior central venous catheterization. Stent implantation is frequently required after venoplasty to treat LBCV obstructive lesions in patients without prior catheterization.
Assessing the educational value and content of YouTube videos for ultrasound-guided subclavian vein catheterization
Authors: Satilmis Tulin , Basaran Betul
Published: July 2023

Background:

The European Society of Anaesthesiology (ESA) published a guideline regarding continuous ultrasound guidance for central venous catheters in 2020. YouTube has been a popular educational platform since its inception. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the adequacy of videos on ultrasound-guided subclavian vein catheterization posted on YouTube based on this guideline.

Method:

YouTube was scanned using the keywords associated with ultrasound-guided subclavian vein catheterization and 46 of the 106 most-watched videos were included in the study. The videos were divided into three groups, as individual, manufacturer, and academic according to their sources, and were evaluated as poor, satisfactory, and good in terms of the overall content. The videos were then evaluated based on ESA’s six-title guide for more specific informational content.

Results:

A total of 46 videos were reviewed and 52.2% ( n = 24) were found to be prepared by individuals. Among the videos, the rate of videos describing only venipuncture (poor) was 23.9% ( n = 11), 73.9% ( n = 34) of videos described the verification of the guidewire location with venipuncture, and 2.2% of videos described all the recommendations suggested by the guide ( n = 1). At the end of the catheterization procedure, 4.3% ( n = 2) stated that the catheter location should be confirmed by using ultrasound, 15.2% ( n = 7) recommended chest-X-ray, and 80.4% ( n = 37) did not suggest any.

Conclusion:

Manufacturer and academic videos can be watched due to their high-quality scores, but it may be practical to prepare training videos with guidelines both for educators and students to have global access to the renewed guideline information.
Becoming processual: Time to de-place managerial education
Authors: de Vaujany François-Xavier , Introna Lucas
Published: July 2023

Managerial education and managerial research are still deeply emplaced and emplacing phenomena. They are expected to be emplaced somewhere, in bounded space-times and in the powerful subjectivities of students and colleagues, awaiting their expression and expansion. This constitutes a strange extensive continuum which remains the heart of academic work. In this provocative essay, we invite organization scholars to de-place managerial phenomena and to become processual. We use one-block auto-ethnographic vignettes to show that existentiality matters and can lead to different life paths, in particular processual ones. In a final discussion, we offer a manifesto for those interested in cultivating processuality in their work as teachers and academics.
A green machining study to investigate the effect of nano-cutting fluid environments on the machinability of Ti6Al4V titanium alloy
Authors: Cagan Suleyman C , Buldum Berat B
Published: July 2023

This study primarily focuses on green machining, which refers to the environmentally friendly machining of parts without compromising the environment and human health. Green machining, an innovative approach in the manufacturing industry, aims to reduce the environmental impact and promote sustainable practices throughout the machining process. Green machining involves the utilization of methods such as machining, dry machining, high-performance cutting, hybrid machining, and high-speed cutting, along with environmentally friendly lubrication practices. The objective of this research is to investigate the effects of machining Ti6Al4V alloys, a widely used lightweight metal in the aerospace industry known for its challenging machinability. The study specifically examines cutting force, surface roughness, and tool wear under various cutting parameters and tribological conditions. The use of a new lubrication/cooling method was investigated in order to minimize the effects of traditional cutting fluids used in the machining of difficult materials, which may cause environmental and human health. This way, sustainable green production compatible with the environment has been realized today, where global warming and carbon emissions are rapidly increasing. In addition, it was observed that the factor determining the cutting force was the depth of cut and the feed rate was the most significant factor affecting the surface roughness.
Patient-reported outcomes and prognostic factors in ankle fracture-dislocation: A systematic review
Authors: Ahmed Ramsha , Ward Alex E , Thornhill Elizabeth
Published: July 2023

Objectives

Ankle fractures have an incidence of around 90,000 per year in the United Kingdom. They affect younger patients following high energy trauma and, in the elderly, following low energy falls. Younger patients with pre-existing comorbidities including raised BMI or poor bone quality are also at risk of these injuries which impact the bony architecture of the joint and the soft tissues leading to a highly unstable fracture pattern, resulting in dislocation. At present, there is no literature exploring what effect ankle fracture-dislocations have on patients’ quality of life and activities of daily living, with only ankle fractures being explored.

Methods

Relevant question formatting was utilised to generate a focused search. This was limited to studies specifically mentioning ankle injuries with a focus on ankle fracture-dislocations. The number of patients, fracture-dislocation type, length of follow up, prognostic factors, complications and outcome measures were recorded.

Results

Nine hundred and thirty-nine fractures were included within the studies. Eight studies looked at previously validated foot and ankle scores, two primarily focused on the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society score (AOFAS), three on the foot and ankle outcome score (FAOS), and one study on the Olerud–Molander score (OMAS). Patient, injury, and management factors were identified as being associated with poorer clinical outcomes.

Conclusions

Not only are age and BMI a risk factor for posttraumatic osteoarthritis but they were also identified as prognostic indicators for functional outcome in this review. Patients sustaining a concurrent fracture-dislocation were found to have poorer clinical outcomes, and the timing and success of reduction further influenced outcomes. This review found that the quality of reduction was directly related to the patients’ functional outcomes post-follow up, and the risk of developing posttraumatic osteoarthritis, which was more frequent in patients sustaining Bosworth fractures, posterior malleolar fractures, and in patients with increasing age.

Level of evidence

IV.
Archaeology for the courtroom: the Ayodhya Case and the fashioning of a hybrid episteme
Authors: Varghese Rachel A
Published: July 2023

On 1 August 2002, the Allahabad High Court in India, adjudicating the Ayodhya Case, ordered archaeological excavations by the central government agency Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) at the site of the demolished mosque Babri Masjid in Uttar Pradesh. The order marked a new moment for the convergence of law and archaeology in India, with archaeological knowledge being produced on judicial demand as evidence in a civil dispute. This paper argues that this marked the emergence of a hybrid episteme of archaeology-as-legal-evidence which redefines archaeology within the framework of law. It traces these tendencies by a close reading of three documents: the judgements of the Allahabad High Court and the Supreme Court in the Ayodhya Case and an order issued by a lower court in Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh on 8 April 2021 in the GyanVapi Case. I argue that the new role that archaeology is assuming in courtrooms in India is destabilising the standing of the ASI as the authority of archaeological knowledge and the protector of the nation’s material past. It has also produced a category of assertive public that successfully demands production of archaeological knowledge towards ideological ends.
COVID-19 Health Education Activities: An Analysis of a National Sample of Certified Health Education Specialists (CHES®/MCHES®) in Response to the Global Pandemic
Authors: Chaney Beth H. , Stellefson Michael L. , Opp Melissa , Allard Marianne , Chaney J. Don , Lovett Kylie
Published: July 2023

The National Commission of Health Education Credentialing, Inc. (NCHEC) created the Category 1 COVID-19 Claim Form Opportunity to document how Certified Health Education Specialists (CHES®) and Master Certified Health Education Specialists (MCHES®) assisted communities during the COVID-19 pandemic. Using data submitted by CHES®/MCHES® ( n = 3,098 claim forms), the purpose of this study was to (a) describe the settings where CHES® and MCHES® completed their pandemic work and (b) assess differences in the type of pandemic work completed by CHES® compared with MCHES® based on specific Areas of Responsibility (AOR) for Health Education Specialists. Findings showed that CHES® and MCHES® engaged in seven AOR during the pandemic, with the largest proportion of CHES® ( n = 859; 33%) and MCHES® ( n = 105; 21.9%, documenting COVID-19-related activities in health departments. CHES® reported higher engagement than MCHES® in activities such as COVID-19 reporting/tracking, χ2 (1, N = 3,098) = 27.3, p < .001; outbreak response, χ2 (1, N = 3,098) = 4.3, p = .039; and vaccination, χ2 (1, N = 3,098) = 5.2, p = .023. Conversely, MCHES® reported higher participation than CHES® in screening/testing, χ2 (1, N = 3,098) = 174.2, p < .001; administration of budgets/operations, χ2 (1, N = 3,098) = 30.1, p < .001; and adapting educational activities at college/universities, χ2 (1, N = 3,098) = 46.1, p < .001. CHES® were more likely than MCHES® to indicate working in all AOR except for Area 2—Plan Health Education/Promotion. Results support that employer-verified health education skills in all AOR were transferable during COVID-19, especially for CHES® employed within state/county health departments.
The energy consumption prediction of the direct cabling machine based on balloon theory
Authors: Zhang Hua , Zhang Xianghao , Wu Yuzhu , Wang Jiangtao , Xia Huidi , Wei Yikun
Published: July 2023

When the direct cabling machine produces cord, the active yarn feeder is usually used to control the balloon shape to reduce the energy consumption in the process of twisting. In order to rationally allocate the resources in the production workshop of direct cabling machine, the work proposed a prediction method of energy-consumption reduction for direct cabling machines based on balloon theory. The energy consumption of direct cabling machine with different balloon configuration parameters can be obtained. The prediction method consists of three main steps: (1) Analyze yarn force under the high velocity based on yarn balloon kinematics. (2) Take the energy consumed by the direct cabling machine corresponding to a balloon shape as the energy consumption benchmark. (3) Compare balloon shapes that need to be predicted with the referenced balloon shape to obtain the energy consumption prediction in a ratio. A mathematical balloon model was established on the MATLAB platform to test the influences of different working conditions on the prediction method. The simulation results showed that the influences of the yarn linear density, twist, and spindle speed on the method could be neglected. An experimental platform was built to test the energy consumption of the direct cabling machine under different working conditions and verify the rationality of the method. The results showed that the difference between the predicted energy consumption and the experimental results is acceptable.
A Randomized Clinical Trial to Evaluate a Digital Therapeutic to Enhance Gait Function in Individuals With Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Alberts Jay L. , Kaya Ryan D. , Penko Amanda L. , Streicher Matthew , Zimmerman Eric M. , Davidson Sara , Walter Benjamin L. , Rosenfeldt Anson B.
Published: July 2023

Background

Postural instability and gait dysfunction (PIGD) is a cardinal symptom of Parkinson’s disease (PD) and is exacerbated under dual-task conditions. Dual-task training (DTT), enhances gait performance, however it is time and cost intensive. Digitizing DTT via the Dual-task Augmented Reality Treatment (DART) platform can expand the availability of an effective intervention to address PIGD.

Objective

The aim of this project was to evaluate DART in the treatment of PIGD in people with PD compared to a Traditional DTT intervention. It was hypothesized that both groups would exhibit significant improvements in gait, and the improvements for the DART group would be non-inferior to Traditional DTT.

Methods

A single-blind randomized controlled trial was conducted with 47 PD participants with PIGD. Both groups completed 16 therapeutic sessions over 8 weeks; the DART platform delivered DTT via the Microsoft HoloLens2. Primary outcomes included clinical ratings and single- and dual-task gait biomechanical outcomes.

Results

Clinical measures of PD symptoms remained stable for DART and Traditional DTT groups. However, both groups exhibited a significant increase in gait velocity, cadence, and step length during single- and multiple dual-task conditions following the interventions. Improvements in gait velocity in the DART group were non-inferior to Traditional DTT under the majority of conditions.

Conclusion

Non-inferior improvements in gait parameters across groups provides evidence of the DART platform being an effective digital therapeutic capable of improving PIGD. Effective digital delivery of DTT has the potential to increase use and accessibility to a promising, yet underutilized and difficult to administer, intervention for PIGD.

Clinical Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov Dual-task Augmented Reality Treatment for Parkinson’s Disease (DART) NCT04634331; posted November 18, 2020.
Judges’ characteristics and sentencing in Hong Kong
Authors: Cheng Kevin Kwok-yin , Ri Sayaka , Chengchen He
Published: July 2023

The influence of judges’ characteristics on sentencing remains an understudied area particularly in Asian contexts. Previous studies typically focus on the effects of judges’ demographic characteristics in the context of the United States. This study extends the literature by investigating the effects of demographic characteristics, including similarity of the judges with defendants in terms of demographic characteristics and judges’ previous experience on sentence outcomes in Hong Kong. Data are drawn from the Hong Kong Judiciary’s Reason for Sentence, imported into an original coded data set of judgments. The results show that older judges render more severe sentences in general while also being more lenient toward older defendants. In addition, a judge’s education and prior working experience are significant on sentence length, such that, judges with education abroad are more likely to be harsher than those educated locally, whereas judges who were former prosecutors are more lenient in their sentencing than defense lawyers.
A machine learning analysis of patient and imaging factors associated with achieving clinically substantial outcome improvements following total shoulder arthroplasty: Implications for selecting anatomic or reverse prostheses
Authors: Kunze Kyle N , Bobko Aimee , Mathew Joshua I , Polce Evan M , Manzi Joseph E , Nicholson Allen , Finocchiaro Anthony , Estrada Jennifer , Zeitlin Jacob , Meza Blake , Taylor Samuel , Blaine Theodore A , Warren Russell F , Fu Michael C , Dines Joshua S , Gulotta Lawrence V
Published: July 2023

Background

Indications for reverse total shoulder arthroplasty(rTSA) continue to expand making it challenging to predict whether patients will benefit more from anatomic TSA(aTSA) or rTSA. The purpose of this study was to determine which factors differ between aTSA and rTSA patients that achieve meaningful outcomes and may influence surgical indication.

Methods

Random Forest dimensionality reduction was applied to reduce 23 features into a model optimizing substantial clinical benefit (SCB) prediction of the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeon score using 1117 consecutive patients with 2-year follow up. Features were compared between aTSA patients stratified by SCB achievement and subsequently with rTSA SCB achievers.

Results

Eight combined features optimized prediction (accuracy = 87.1%, kappa = 0.73): (1) age, (2) body mass index (BMI), (3) sex, (4) history of rheumatic disease, (5) humeral head subluxation (HH) on computed tomography (CT), (6) HH–acromion distance on X-ray, (7) glenoid retroversion on CT, and (8) Walch classification on CT. A higher proportion of males (65.6% vs. 54.9%, p = 0.022), Walch B-C glenoid morphologies (49.5% vs. 37.9%, p < 0.001), and greater BMI (30.1 vs. 26.5 kg/m2, p = 0.038) were observed in aTSA nonachievers compared with aTSA achievers, while aTSA nonachievers were statistically similar to rTSA achievers.

Discussion

Patients with glenohumeral osteoarthritis and intact rotator cuffs that have a BMI > 30 kg/m2 and exhibit Walch B-C glenoids may be less likely to achieve the SCB following aTSA and should be considered for rTSA.
Preparation of 2-Nitrocacalol Acetate From a Sesquiterpene Isolated From Roots of Psacalium decompositum. Evaluation of α-Glucosidase and Acetylcholinesterase Inhibition
Authors: Jiménez-Estrada Manuel , Tavera-Hernández Rosario , Alvarado-Sansininea J. Javier , Huerta-Reyes Maira
Published: July 2023

Objective

To introduce a nitrogen atom into the structure of the cacalol acetate and to evaluate the change in its ability to inhibit enzymes of therapeutic importance such as α-glucosidase and acetylcholinesterase (AChE), which are targeted in the development of drugs for the treatment of diabetes and Alzheimer’s disease (AD), respectively.

Methods

Cacalol acetate was obtained by subjecting the hexane and ethyl acetate extracts from the roots of Psacalium decompositum to acetylation conditions. Subsequently, the cacalol acetate was brought under nitration conditions using cerium (IV) ammonium nitrate and acetic anhydride to obtain 2-nitrocacalol acetate; this compound was characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance, mass spectrometry, and X-ray diffraction techniques. Additionally, the inhibitory activity of the ethyl acetate extract, the cacalol acetate, and the 2-nitrocacalol acetate was evaluated on the enzymes α-glucosidase and AChE. Finally, the possible mode of ligand–enzyme binding through molecular docking was established.

Results

The 2-nitrocacalol acetate was obtained with a 20% yield. Its crystallographic structure was obtained, to our knowledge, for the first time, corroborating the S configuration in C5, showing a mostly planar molecule, in which the C6, C7, and C14 atoms and the acetyl group leaving the plane. The ethyl acetate extract was that which significantly inhibited the α-glucosidase (95.8% at 100 μg/mL), while the 2-nitrocacalol acetate exhibited the highest inhibitory activity of the AChE (69.9% at 10 µg/mL). The 2-nitrocacalol acetate presented a favorable interaction energy with the AChE (−8.68 kcal/mol), highlighting the formation of two hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions.

Conclusions

The 2-nitrocacalol acetate and its crystallographic structure were obtained, to our knowledge, for the first time providing a new modification to this sesquiterpene by introducing a nitro group, which was favored its ability to inhibit AChE. These structural modifications encourage future research in these sesquiterpenes as targets for the development of novel drugs that would be useful in clinical practice.
The future of digital space: Gaming, virtual reality, and metaversal thinking
Authors: Fraser Emma
Published: July 2023

The accelerated post-Covid expansion of online worlds presents an unprecedented move of people into real-time interactive digital spaces. What does this change mean for the future of geography as a discipline? At this critical juncture, there is potential to rethink the position of the digital in geographical thought and praxis – to move beyond apparently common-sense categorizations of real and virtual, representation and reality. This commentary considers the implications of the contemporary push toward ‘metaversal’ thinking for geographical theory as well as the significance of virtual world-making for geographical theorizations of digital space and place. I suggest that key thinkers on space and media geographies must be re-evaluated and applied to this new wave of digital development. What is the significance of recent debates around emerging spaces like the metaverse, augmented reality, and virtual reality, understood not as happenings with distinct real and virtual counterparts, but as geographical – spatial – phenomena?
Automatically detecting activities of daily living from in-home sensors as indicators of routine behaviour in an older population
Authors: Timon Claire M , Hussey Pamela , Lee Hyowon , Murphy Catriona , Vardan Rai Harsh , Smeaton Alan F
Published: July 2023

Objective

The NEX project has developed an integrated Internet of Things (IoT) system coupled with data analytics to offer unobtrusive health and wellness monitoring supporting older adults living independently at home. Monitoring involves visualising a set of automatically detected activities of daily living (ADLs) for each participant. ADL detection allows the incorporation of additional participants whose ADLs are detected without system re-training.

Methods

Following a user needs and requirements study involving 426 participants, a pilot trial and a friendly trial of the deployment, an action research cycle (ARC) trial was completed. This involved 23 participants over a 10-week period each with [Formula: see text]20 IoT sensors in their homes. During the ARC trial, participants took part in two data-informed briefings which presented visualisations of their own in-home activities. The briefings also gathered training data on the accuracy of detected activities. Association rule mining was used on the combination of data from sensors and participant feedback to improve the automatic ADL detection.

Results

Association rule mining was used to detect a range of ADLs for each participant independently of others and then used to detect ADLs across participants using a single set of rules for each ADL. This allows additional participants to be added without the necessity of them providing training data.

Conclusions

Additional participants can be added to the NEX system without the necessity to re-train the system for automatic detection of their ADLs.