bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TRANSACTION COSTS OF TRADING IN ORGANIZED STOCK MARKETS: STRUCTURE AND IMPLICATIONS FOR MARKET EFFICIENCY
Authors: LIUBKINA Olena , IHNATIUK Vitalii ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv
Published: October 2023

The article substantiates the origin of transaction costs of stock trading from the point of view of the microstructure of the stock market. The article is devoted to the problem of improving the efficiency of decision-making in the field of portfolio investment, in particular in terms of reducing the cost of conducting operations. The object is the microstructure of the stock market, which allows to study in detail the process of making transactions with securities. The origin of transaction costs of stock trading was determined from the point of view of the microstructure of the market: as an appropriate fee for urgency and certainty in the purchase and sale process; as the premium for participation in market trading and conducting the exchange to stimulate potential counterparties; as the result of potential discrepancy in terms of information that the participants of exchange operations have. The classification of transaction costs is systematized according to various criteria: clarity of identification and assessment (explicit – commissions of intermediaries and the stock exchange, taxes, etc.and implicit – costs of spread, timeliness, market impact, missed opportunities); according to the reason for the various transaction costs (taxes, commissions, transaction execution costs and costs of missed opportunities). It is established that implicit costs add a significant level of uncertainty to the investment decision-making process, and therefore their evaluation and control is a priority issue for the investment entity. The main approaches to quantification of implicit transaction costs – missed opportunity costs, spread costs, and market impact costs-are summarized. Prospects for improving the tools for estimating transaction costs of operations in organized stock markets are determined.
Kedudukan Anak yang Lahir Dalam Perkawinan Siri Setelah Perkawinan Orang Tuanya Dicatatkan di Kantor Urusan Agama
Authors: Yuniarlin Prihati
Published: October 2023

Meskipun dalam undang-undang sudah disebutkan perkawinan yang sah adalah perkawinan yang dilakukan menurut agama dan kepercayaannya masing-masing dan dicatatkan, dalam kenyataannya di masyarakat masih ada pasangan suanmi istri yang melangsungkan perkawinan tidak dicatatkan, mereka melakukan perkawinan sesuai dengan syarat dan ketentuan agama yang berlaku tetapi tidak dicatatkan, sehingga perkawinannya sah menurut agama tetapi tidak sah menurut negara. Perkawinan semacam ini biasa dikenal dengan perkawinan siri. Kedudukan anak yang lahir dalam perkawinan yang tidak dicatatkan sebagai anak luar kawin. jika kemudian orang tuanya mencatatkan perkawinannya bagaimanakah kedudukan anak yang dilahirkan dalam perkawinan tersebut. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif. Bahan hukum yang digunakan adalah bahan hukum primer. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan kedudukan anak yang lahir dalam perkawinan orang tuanya yang tidak dicatatkan dalam Undang-undang Nomo 1 Tahun 1974 termasuk anak Luar kawin karena dianggap tidak lahir dalam perkawinan yang sah. Namun, kalau kemudian orang tuanya melangsungkan perkawinan dengan dicatatkan sesuai Pasal 2 Undang-undang Nomor 1 Tahumn 1974, anak tersebut kemudian kedudukannya dapat berubah menjadi anak sah, dengan mengajukan penetapan ke Pangadilan Agama, hakim akan mengabulkan permohonan asal usul anak sebagai anak sah orangtuanya sepanjang perkawinan Siri yang telah berlangsung telah dilakukan sah menurut agama. Sebagaimana dalam Penetapan Nomor 1/Pdt.P/2023/PA.Mgl.
ANALISIS RASIO KEUANGAN TERHADAP KINERJA KEUANGAN PADA PT ADARO ENERGY Tbk PERIODE 2018-2022
Authors: Simamora Dian Sinar , Silaban Nurlela , Mendrofa Tuberta Rosviani , Toruan Grace Anastasia Octavia Lumban , Sipayung Rizki
Published: October 2023

Using the financial ratio method from 2018 to 2022, this study aims to find out the economic ratio analysis of the financial performance of PT Adaro Energy Tbk. Current ratio (CR), Debt to debt-to-equity ratio (DER), and Return on Asset (ROA). The data used in this study is from the financial statements for 2018-2022. The quantitative descriptive data analysis used aims to provide an overview of the financial position. The liquidity ratio of PT Adaro Energy Tbk is seen from the average CR (Current Ratio) of 188.84 % over the last five years, which indicates that the liquidity ratios of PT ADARO Energy Tbk are not good. The solvency ratio of PT Adaro Energy Tbk is also seen from the average DER (Debt to Equity) of 188.84%. This shows that the financial ratio of PT Adaro Energy Tbk is not good. According to the average DER (Debt to Equity Ratio) in the last five years, the solvency ratio of PT Adaro Energy Tbk is 144.46%. This shows that the ratio of debt to equity of PT Adaro Energy Tbk is not good. With an average return on assets (ROA) of 11.94% over the last five years, PT Adaro Energy Tbk has a higher profitability ratio than the industry average.
Keywords: financial performance, financial statements financial ratios, liquidity ratios, solvency ratios, and profitability ratios
ANALISIS PENDAPATAN USAHA TANI BAWANG MERAH DI DESA SUNGAI RUMPUN KECAMATAN GUNUNG TUJUH KABUPATEN KERINCI
Authors: Zasriati Masrida , Sarmigi Elex
Published: October 2023

This study aims to analyze the development of the shallot farmer business based on income and costs incurred. The population of this study were shallot farmers in Kerinci Regency, while the sample for this study were shallot farmers in Sungai Rumpun village as many as 76 respondents. This research approach is descriptive quantitative by analyzing the income and costs incurred by farmers, without examining the causal relationship deeper. The results of this study indicate that the total income of shallot farmers in Sungai Rumpun Village is Rp. 1,291,600,000 with an average of Rp. 16,994,736.84 per harvest season. The total cost is Rp. 688,804,958.33 with an average of IDR 9,063,233.14 per harvest season. The net income of shallot farmers in Sungai Rupun Village per harvest season is Rp. 602,795,041.67 per harvest season with an average of Rp. 7,931,513.71 per harvest season.
PENGARUH DIGITAL MARKETING DAN ONLINE CUSTOMER REVIEW TERHADAP NIAT BELI KONSUMEN PADA MARKETPLACE SHOPEE DI SURAKARTA
Authors: Pahlevi Aga Reza , Lestari Wuryaningsih Dwi
Published: October 2023

The research objective is to analyze the effect of digital marketing and oonline customer reviews on consumer purchase intentions at the Shopee marketplace in Surakarta. The samples in this study were people who had lived in Surakarta more than 4 years and used the Shopee application for more than one year and the samples taken were 100 pe ple. primary data type, data collection using a questionnaire. Data analysis used multiple linear regression tests, t tests, f tests using SPSS versi n 25. The results of the analysis show that digital marketing and oonline customer reviews each have a positive and significant effect on consumer purchase intentions at the Shopee marketplace in Surakarta
ANALISA LAPORAN KEUANGAN MENGGUNAKAN RASIO LIKUIDITAS PADA KOPERASI SIMPAN PINJAM DAN PEMBIAYAAN SYARIAH (KSPPS) BMT AL-ITTIHAD RUMBAI TAHUN 2019-2021
Authors: Ningsih Nadia Yulisma , Menhard Menhard , Sari Maya Rizki
Published: October 2023

This study aims to see how the liquidity of the BMT Al-Ittihad Savings and Loans and Sharia Financing Cooperative (KSPPS) BMT Al-Ittihad is viewed from the Liquidity Ratio. This research was conducted at the BMT Al-Ittihad Rumbai Savings and Loans Cooperative and Sharia Financing (KSPPS) which is located at Komplek Damar No. 610 Camp PT. CPI, Rumbai Pekanbaru City. The research object used is the financial statements of KSPPS BMT Al-Ittihad, namely the Financial Position Report from 2019 to 2021. This research data was obtained through observation. The method of data analysis used in this study is a descriptive method, namely a method that is carried out by collecting, processing, presenting and analyzing data so that a detailed picture of the research is obtained. The results of the study show that 1) The Liquidity of KSPPS BMT Al-Ittihad in 2019-2021 seen from the Current Ratio is said to be not good because the Current Ratio percentage value is below the industry average standard of 200% or Current Ratio <200%. In 2019 the percentage value is 124%, in 2020 it is 112% and in 2021 it is 114%. 2) The liquidity of KSPPS BMT Al-Ittihad in 2019-2021, seen from the Quick Ratio, is said to be not good because the Quick Ratio percentage value is below the industry average standard of 150% or Quick Ratio <150%. In 2019 the percentage value is 122%, in 2020 it is 112% and in 2021 it is 114%. 3) The Liquidity of KSPPS BMT Al-Ittihad in 2019-2021 seen from the Cash Ratio is said to be not good because the Cash Ratio percentage value is below the industry average standard of 50% or Cash Ratio <50%. In 2019 the percentage value is 33.8%, in 2020 it is 8.89% and in 2021 it is 13.9%.
PENGARUH PERPUTARAN PERSEDIAAN TERHADAP LIKUIDITAS DAN DAMPAKNYA TERHADAP PROFITABILITAS
Authors: Irsyad Ersy Muhamad , Yusnita Rita Tri , Lestari Suci Putri
Published: October 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine and analyze the effect of inventory turnover on liquidity as measured by quick ratios and its impact on profitability through the operating profit margin at PT. Semen Indonesia (Persero) Tbk. The research method used is quantitative with a causal method and a case study approach. The data used is secondary data because the data obtained is from the annual and quarterly financial reports of PT. Semen Indonesia (Persero) Tbk., period 2012-2022. The data analysis tool used is path analysis. Based on the research result, it is known that inventory turnover has a positive and insignificant direct effect on liquidity (quick ratios). Inventory turnover has a positive and insignificant direct effect on profitability (operating profit margin). Inventory turnover has no significant effect on profitability through liquidity
Flucht in die Projektion. Zum Zusammenhang von Autoritarismus, Verschwörungsmentalität und rechtsextremer Einstellung
Authors: Dilling Marius , Kiess Johannes , Brähler Elmar
Published: October 2023

Die vorliegende Studie untersucht den Zusammenhang zwischen Autoritarismus, Verschwörungsmentalität und rechtsextremer Einstellung basierend auf einer Repräsentativbefragung und mittels eines Strukturgleichungsmodells (N = 2.312). Empirische und theoretische Arbeiten greifen zur Erklärung rechtsextremer Einstellung – und damit verbundener Handlungen wie etwa Wahlentscheidungen oder Gewalttaten – wieder stärker auf das Konzept des Autoritarismus zurück. Auch Erkenntnisse zur Verschwörungsmentalität finden erst seit kurzem wieder Eingang in die Rechtsextremismusforschung. Wir folgen in diesem Aufsatz der Überlegung, dass es durch den Rückgriff auf eine entsprechende theoretische, psychodynamische Rahmung möglich ist, sowohl das Bedürfnis nach Identifikation mit und Unterwerfung unter Autoritäten als auch die projektive Neigung zur aggressiven Abwertung Anderer in das Verständnis rechtsextremer Phänomene einzubeziehen. Projektives Denken – in Form des Antisemitismus, als rassistische Diskriminierung oder als Verschwörungsdenken – ist, so argumentiert der vorliegende Beitrag im Anschluss an die jüngste Debatte, zentral für das Verständnis rechtsextremer Phänomene. Es zeigt sich, dass Autoritarismus nicht nur ein wichtiger Prädiktor für Verschwörungsmentalität und rechtsextreme Einstellung ist, sondern dass der Effekt des Autoritarismus auf rechtsextreme Einstellung außerdem teilweise durch Verschwörungsmentalität vermittelt wird. Dies weist auf die dem Konzept des Autoritarismus zugrundeliegenden psychodynamischen Prozesse als einen vielversprechenden Erklärungsansatz hin. Außerdem kommt dem Verschwörungsdenken eine eigenständige, wenn auch im Vergleich mit dem Konstrukt Autoritarismus geringere Rolle zur Varianzaufklärung der Prävalenz rechtsextremer Einstellung zu. Verschwörungsdenken könnte so ein Einfallstor zur Verbreitung rechtsextremer Einstellung darstellen.
The FLRW Geometries and the Expansion of the Universe
Authors: Aaberge Terje
Published: October 2023

The usual presentation of the FLRW geometries is given in coordinates that makes it difficult to assess the nature of the expansion of space. There exists, however, alternative representations defined by a (canonical) diffeomorphism that supports more direct descriptions; in particular, these representations can be shown to be subspaces of five-dimensional "space-times" where the "space" is either the four-dimensional Euclidean space or the four-dimensional hyperbolic space, and with space-time metrics that are induced from the metrics on the englobing "space-times". The paper present the explicit constructions and, in addition similar geometries which appear as natural alternatives to the FLRW geometries, but which is compatible with the theory of relativity in the sense that it implies that the rate of expansion must be smaller than the velocity of light. The two kinds of geometries give the same description of the evolution of the universe for the period of which we have empirical information.
Validación psicométrica de Pauta de Clasificación de Complejidad Médica de niños, niñas y adolescentes con Necesidades Especiales de Atención en Salud
Authors: Cabezas T. Ana , Rivera L. Carolina , Sarmiento L. Luis
Published: October 2023

Los niños, niñas y adolescentes con Necesidades Especiales de Atención en Salud (NANEAS), presentan un uso intensivo de recursos por parte de los servicios de salud y demandan un gran nivel de coordinación en la integración de estos servicios, las comunidades y familias. El comité de NANEAS de la SOCHIPE junto a otros expertos generaron una Pauta de Clasificación de Complejidad para otorgar una asignación de recursos adecuada a la necesidad de los casos a través de la Red Asistencial. Objetivo: Realizar una validación de constructo de la Pauta de Clasificación de Complejidad. Sujetos y Método: Con una muestra de 488 niños NANEAS a quienes se aplicó la Pauta de Clasificación, se realizó un análisis de confiabilidad del instrumento, además de un análisis factorial exploratorio y confirmatorio. Resultados: La Pauta de Clasificación obtuvo un Alfa de Cronbach estandarizado de 0,87, sin embargo, los estadísticos de ajuste de modelo RMSEA, TLI y CFI resultaron bajo lo esperado. El coeficiente MI sugirió la eliminación de 9 ítems, a partir de lo cual se generó una Pauta resumida de 11 ítems y tres dimensiones que presentó un RMSEA de 0,60; TLI de 0,970 y CFI de 0,977. Conclusión: El estudio permite contar con una Pauta de Clasificación de Complejidad resumida para niños NANEAS, con buenas propiedades psicométricas, rápida aplicación y fácil interpretación, para la aplicación en la Red Asistencial de Salud.
Neoliberalisme: Sebuah Konsep Pemerintahan Publik Swasta
Authors: Harahap Husnul Isa
Published: October 2023

Studi ini membahas konsep neoliberalisme yang sebenarnya berkembang dari kondisi sosial dan politik di Amerika. Adapun yang menjadi fokus utama dalam studi ini adalah persoalan relasi antara neoliberalisme, liberalisme, kapitalisme dan konsep negara kesejahteraan serta demokrasi. Neoliberalisme memang tumbuh dan berkembang di dalam negara demokrasi. Akan tetapi neoliberalisme juga tidak terpisahkan dengan keberadaan negara-negara non-demokrasi. Studi ini melihat versi asli neoliberalisme pada dasarnya merupakan bentuk pemerintahan publik swasta versi Amerika, yang dalam perkembangannya kemudian mendapat tuduhan telah mempengaruhi (jika tidak ingin disebut mengganggu) tatanan ekonomi politik dunia yang kompleks, konsep negara kesejahteraan ataupun pembangunan, bahkan demokrasi.
MYSTERY OF A SUPER BALL: A PERSONAL ACCOUNT ON A CHEMISTRY GAMIFICATION IN PROMOTING SOFT SKILLS AMONGST PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS
Authors: Kushairi Norliza
Published: October 2023

Gamification becomes trending to increase learning engagement. Yet it is rarely attempted by teachers for flipped classroom approach due to time constraint, the need for creativity and technology literacy. In this paper, I share my experience in gamification design to promote communication, collaboration, critical thinking, and creativity (4Cs) among students. Faced with stagnancy in using traditional cooperative strategies, I took on the challenge of designing the game “Mystery of Super Ball” for the Polymer topic, involving a group of pre-service teachers as Agents in a mystery-mission game. The study design was motivated by the gap in action research’s reflective practitioner philosophy. Data was gathered through video recording, semi-structured interviews, and student reflections. The findings indicate that students demonstrated strong communication and collaboration skills while immersing themselves in their detective roles. Triangulating with quantified episodes, communication (31.01%) and collaboration (25.58%) were substantively prevalent in the students’ problem-solving tasks. However, critical thinking (22.79%) and creativity (20.62%) showed relatively lower occurrences, suggesting the need for revising my strategies. Among the 24 subconstructs of the 4Cs themes, two were minimally observed: ‘Create new and worthwhile ideas (both incremental and radical concepts)’ and ‘Analyze and evaluate major alternative points of view’, falling under creativity and critical thinking, respectively. These insightful findings strongly advocate for reevaluating the current critical essay assessment on the Polymer topic. A more innovative approach is needed, one that challenges students to showcase their creative and critical problem-solving abilities. Noteworthy, students’ perceptions of my creativity shed light on my strengths and weaknesses in game design, providing valuable insights for future research recommendations. This study highlights the importance of being a reflective practitioner, both for my pre-service student-teachers and myself as a lifelong learner.
Educación financiera con perspectiva de género: revisión sistemática de literatura
Authors: Bayly Castañeda Karla Patricia , Ramírez-Montoya María Soledad , Morita Alexander Adelina
Published: October 2023

El desarrollo sostenible dentro del marco de la Agenda 2030 propuesta por la UNESCO requiere de la integración de las mujeres como actores clave no solo en los procesos productivos, sino también en los sociales y económicos. Es por ello que la inclusión financiera toma relevancia como vehículo para disminuir la brecha de género, una de las principales barreras de dicha integración. El propósito de esta investigación es analizar tanto los factores que generan desigualdad y exclusión financiera como aquellos que pueden ser capaces de disminuirla, haciendo especial énfasis en la educación y las características que deben integrarse en un proceso formativo de educación financiera con perspectiva de género. Por este motivo se realizó una revisión sistemática de literatura, con el objetivo de analizar de forma crítica 31 estudios desarrollados en los tópicos de inclusión financiera y brecha de género, todos ellos provenientes de las bases de datos Scopus y Web of Science (WoS). Fueron aplicados criterios de inclusión y exclusión, así como un proceso de extracción de datos y síntesis de información siguiendo el modelo prisma para responder a seis preguntas guía de investigación.
Enhancing Community Skills in Processing Yellow Pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata) as a Food Product for Tourists in the Ciwaluh Ecotourism Village
Authors: Sulistyawati Eko Yuliastuti Endah , Ulfah Mutiara , Susilo Adhi , Hakiki Dini Nur , Maulida Iffana Dani
Published: October 2023

Bogor Regency has vast and diverse ecotourism potential. One ecotourism in the Bogor Regency area is Ciwaluh Village, Wates Jaya Village, Cigombong District, Bogor Regency. This village produces yellow pumpkins that need to be optimally processed to attract tourists. In improving the skills of ecotourism cadres, training is carried out to enhance skills in processing yellow pumpkins (Cucurbita moschata) into snacks. The methods used in this training were surveys, identification of snack characteristics, demonstrations, and snack processing practices. The training provided is to improve skills in processing yellow pumpkin into various snacks. Based on the results of the pretest and posttest before and after the training for ecotourism cadres in Ciwaluh Village, it was found that skills in processing types of snacks increased by 66.67%. The skill improvement in processing various yellow pumpkin snacks for cadres can still be improved, considering that the variety of yellow pumpkin snacks is still growing in line with the research of yellow pumpkin’s product still being carried out
Development of Agro-Edutourism Based on Sustainable Agroindustry in Ngestiharjo Village, Kulon Progo
Authors: Mulyati Guntarti Tatik , Khuriyati Nafis , Ainuri Makhmudun , Ushada Mirwan , Wagiman Wagiman , Saroyo Pujo , Pradita Sintia Putri , Falah Muhammad Affan Fajar , Widodo Kuncoro Harto
Published: October 2023

Lestari Mulya (LM) Agro-Edutourism is one of the Agro-Edutourisms included in the Aerotropolis Area, which is a tourist area supporting Yogyakarta International Airport (YIA) in Kulon Progo Regency. This Agro-Edutourism is a tourist destination designed for educational purposes for children who have received early childhood education and kindergarten students. The community services aim to support members of the Lestari Mulya Women Farmer Group as managers of the Agro-Edutourism to discover their potential, identify development alternatives and assist them to become a sustainable agroindustry. Rapid Rural Appraisal (RRA), Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA), and Focus Group Discussion (FGD) methods were used by the Universitas Gadjah Mada community services team to gather the information needed for further development planning. The results of the in-depth interviews showed that there is potential for the land and that some ideas can be developed to improve the quality of Agro-Edutourism products. The Lestari Mulya Women Farmers Group was able to use the FGD method to design a safer and more comfortable layout for the area. The community services team has developed a master plan proposal to apply for funding to improve infrastructure to support faster development of the Agro-Edutourism
Socialization of Processing Animal Products into Nugget as a Support for Creativity and Entrepreneurship at Dangau Datuk Bengkulu Agribusiness Vocational School
Authors: Gusriani Ika
Published: October 2023

Dangau Datuk Bengkulu Agribusiness Vocational School is a Vocational High School that aims to produce graduates with professional and competent skills in the field of work in business and industry or to open independent businesses. In line with this goal, it is necessary to develop independent businesses by utilizing local potential both from animals and plants to become products with high economic value, one of which is the production of nuggets. Nuget is a preferred snack food because it has a good taste, and is easy to prepare, using chicken meat as a raw material. Chicken nuggets have the characteristics of high-fat content with low fiber. The problem of high-fat content and low fiber can be anticipated by using different raw materials, including using other sources of animal protein such as fish or shellfish, besides that you can also use several types of vegetables and jackfruit straw as a high-fiber food source. The development of nuget by utilizing animal and vegetable protein sources is expected to be one of the product development efforts for self-sufficiency and to increase the entrepreneurial abilities of Dangau Datuk Vocational High School students. This service is implemented through socialization and guidance on the process of processing nuggets from fish (catfish) and vegetables (tomatoes, potatoes, jackfruit straw) along with good packaging methods and labeling of the resulting nugget products. The conclusion of the implementation of this service is to increase students' understanding regarding the nutrition of raw material for nuget products, understanding the processing of nuget which are high in protein and rich in fiber, and increasing knowledge related to product packaging and labeling.
Development of Local Food Innovation Based on Processed Green Mustard as a Strategy for Enhancing Agricultural Product Value in Desa Cepogo, Boyolali Regency
Authors: Husnun Fadilah , Nuraini Vivi
Published: October 2023

Desa Cepogo in Boyolali Regency, Central Java, has rich and fertile agricultural potential. Its location at the foot of Mount Merapi and Merbabu results in fertile soil and abundant water, making it suitable for agricultural and livestock activities. One of the main commodities is green mustard plants. However, the occurrence of bountiful harvests in Desa Cepogo village affects the selling prices of various agricultural products, including green mustard plants. Therefore, a solution is needed to process green mustard into higher-value food products. The community service team from FATIPA UNISRI is assisting the local community, particularly the PKK (Family Welfare Movement) mothers, in training them on how to process green mustard into healthy green noodles and vegetable nuggets. The objective of this community service is to reduce the sale of raw agricultural products and instead transform them into finished goods. The training on processing green mustard into finished food products such as green noodles and vegetable nuggets is expected to provide a solution to the existing issues. The expected outcome of this community service is that the people of Desa Cepogo village will be able to process and sell food products made from green mustard at a high selling price, thereby improving overall well-being.
The Characteristic of Sticks Mung Bean Flour (Vigra radiate L.) and The Addition of Celery (Apium graveolens)
Authors: Sakura Hida Arum , Suhartatik Nanik , Karyantina Merkuria
Published: October 2023

Sticks are delicious, crunchy, savory, long, thin, and brownish yellow snacks with various flavors.  The main ingredients of this product consist of wheat flour, , eggs, garlic, pepper, and salt.  Celery leaves were chosen because they are easy to obtain and to optimize local ingredients. Mung bean (Phaseolus radiates) itself is a vegetable food that is high in protein and fiber where the protein contained is 20-25%. This study aims to determine the effect of sticks mung bean flour and the addition of celery.  The design used was a 2 factor factorial completely randomized design (CRD).  Factor 1 is the ratio of wheat flour : mung bean flour  (75:25, 50:50, 25:75) and factor 2 is the concentration of celery porridge (10%, 20%, 30% in 30 ml of water).  The best results of chemical analysis based on the highest protein content were the ratio of wheat flour : mung bean flour 25:75 with concentration of celery porridge 20% with 2.22% water content, 1.74% ash content, 23.58% fat content, 17.75% protein content, 8.28% crude fiber and 46.41 for carbohydrates by difference, color sensory test value 3.73 (greenish brown), crunchy texture 3.40 (crispy), celery taste 3.60 (taste celery flavor) mung bean taste 2.67 (a bit of green bean flavor), celery aroma 3, 33 (smelling of celery), and 3.27 (preferred) for overall liking. The most preferred formulation of celery sticks by consumers is the comparison of wheat flour : mung bean flour 75:25 with the addition of 10% celery porridge concentration with a value of 3.47 (preferred). Sticks made from green beans and celery can be an alternative food that is high in protein and fiber.
The Effectiveness of Edible Coating Aloe Vera (Aloe vera chinensis L.) in Inhibiting Enzymatic Browning on Sliced Apples
Authors: Mawardi Risky , Suhartatik Nanik , Karyantina Merkuria
Published: October 2023

Apple is a fruit that turn brown quickly after being cut. One method to maintain the quality of apples cut is coating the fresh-cut apples with an edible coating. Ediblei coatingi is a thini ilayer that can bei eaten and can keep the iquality ofi the icoated material. Thei study aimed toi determinei the effectiveness of edible coating aloe vera (Aloe vera chinensis L.) in inhibit enzymatic browning reaction. The designii wasi usiing icompletely irandomized idesign. The first factor was the citrus species (Citrus aurantifolia, Citrus hystrix DC, Citrus amblycarpa) iand the secondi factori was thei istorage itime (0, 3, 6 day). Edible coating applied to fresh-cut apples and tested for moisture content, total dissolved solids, weight loss, color, overall appearance, vitamin C and total plate count. Thei resultsi ishowed that aloe vera edible coating with citrus extract was not effective in inhibiting the enzymatic reaction of sliced apples. The type of citrus and storage time was affect the effectiveness of aloe vera edible coating. Citrus amblycarpa extract has a lower water content reduction effect with a water content of 54.51% on the 6th day of storage time and has an effect on the total plate count, that Citrus amblycarpa extract has decreased total plate count in day 6th. Citrus aurantifolia extract gives the effect of maintaining brightness compared to other types of citrus, with a brightness value of 58,290 on the 6th day. The type of citrus has no effect on weight loss, total dissolved solids, overall appearance. The length of storage has an effect on the effectiveness of aloe vera edible coating, the longer it is stored, the apples cut will decrease in quality.
Physical and Sensory Characteristics of Gluten Free Cookies Prepared from Black Glutinous Rice and MOCAF Flour Combination
Authors: Putri Destiana Adinda , Komalasari Husnita , Ulandari Devy , Isnain Fuad Sauqi
Published: October 2023

Extensive research has been conducted to investigate the formulation of a new generation of cereal-based Gluten Free (GF) foods formulated with High-Resistant Starch (RS) sources and high in nutritional value. Black glutinous rice flour is a rich in bioactive compound and MOCAF is known for its high RS content often used as an alternative to wheat flour in the production of gluten-free cookies. The formulation of the combination of these two ingredients needs to be investigated to produce gluten free cookies that have good physical and sensory characteristics. The aims of these research was to investigate the effect of different ratio of Black Glutinous Rice Flour (BGRF) and MOCAF (MF) formulation (F1 = 100:0, F2= 75:25, F3=50:50, F4= 25:75, F5= 0:100) on physical and sensory parameter of resultant GF cookies. The results shows that, cookies with high amount of BGRF showed interesting physical properties with higher diameter, spread ratio, and ∆E of the cookies, lower weight, thickness, baking loss, L*, a*, b*, C* value, and the hedonic score of color, aroma, taste, texture, overall compared to cookies with 100% MF. The best formula that produces gluten free cookies with the highest taste score score is F4 (BGRF 25%:MF 75%) with physical characteristics weight 10.70 g, diameter 48.40 mm, thickness 8.60 mm, spread ratio 5.63, baking loss 17.37 %, L* 53.96, a* 0.63, b* 17.65, C* 17.66,   ∆E 48.78. With the combination of BGRF and MF on cookies dough, we manage to obtain cookies that has great potential to increase the nutritional quality of gluten-free food.
The Concept, Features and Forms of Civil Legal Liability
Authors: Vladimir Valentinovich Kozhevnikov
Published: October 2023

This scientific article discusses the concept of civil liability as a variety of legal liability, its features and forms of expression. At the same time, attention is focused on the fact that legal responsibility, including civil law, cannot be identified with protection measures.
SAFETY AND EFFICACY OF SEMI-RIGID URETEROSCOPE IN RETROGRADE INTRARENAL SURGERY FOR RENAL PELVIC STONES UPTO 2 CM
Authors: Khattak Ikramullah , Khan Riaz Ahmad , Izhar Muhammad , Khan Mazhar , Khan Aslam , Jehan Shah
Published: October 2023

Objectives: To determine the efficacy and safety of RIRS with rigid URS for renal pelvis stone  between 1 to 2cm.
Materials and Methods: This is a prospective observational case series of 48 patients who under  RIRS at Institute of Kidney Diseases, Peshawar during 1st January 2022 and 31st December The primary indication was single renal pelvic calculi of up to 2 cm diameter in patients with previously failed treatment modalities or as primary cases. Data was analysed regarding patient demographics, stone size, surgery time, complications and clearance rates within a 2 months follow-up period.
Results: Total of Forty-eight patients with 29 (60.4%) males and 19 (39.6%) females in a ratio of 1.5 to 1. The mean age was 38.7 ± 10.8 years (range: 19 – 60 years). Mean stone diameter was 15.3 ± 2.6 mm. Early postoperative complications included fever, haematuria and retained stones. There were 12 (25%) cases of postoperative fever who resolved without any major sequelae, and  11 (22.9%) cases of early postoperative haematuria of which 4 (8.3%) patients received blood transfusions. The overall clearance rate after fi rst RIRS was 87.5% (n = 42) with a P value of 0.01 and is clinically signifi cant. Six (12.5%) patients were found to have stone fragments retained.  The clearance rate after 2nd look RIRS was 95.83% (n = 46).
Conclusion: Retrograde intrarenal surgery using semi-rigid ureteroscope for renal pelvic stones  has favourable stone free rates and the results are comparable to percutaneous nephrolithotripsy. Complications requiring intervention are below ten percent and are non-fatal.
A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Injecting Drug Use as a Risk Factor of HIV in Bangladesh
Authors: Chowdhury Swarna , Akter Noor Jahan , Rahman M Shafiqur , Saha Priom , Barman Prianka , Fahin Tasmin Akter , Roy Swapnil , Dey Durjoy , Hassan Md Mehedi , Munmun Tasnim Sultana , Ashrafi Samia , Rahman Maisha Maliha
Published: October 2023

HIV is a new, transpiring problem, especially, among injecting drug users (IDU) in Bangladesh. Although HIV prevalence in Bangladesh compared to the neighboring countries is still low, ongoing high-risk behaviors among injecting drug users could facilitate the more extensive transmission of HIV to the general population. This study aims to assess the relationship between HIV and injecting drug use. Through a systematic review, we included 19 studies that met the inclusion/exclusion criteria. Pooled prevalence, odds ratio, 95% CI, and measures of heterogeneity were calculated by the random-effects model. Publication bias was examined by funnel plots and Egger‘s test. We found the overall pooled prevalence was 3.65% (95% CI: 2.10-5.56%) which indicates that Bangladesh is on the brink of a concentrated epidemic. IDUs were 6.085 times more likely to be HIV-positive than non-IDUs (pooled OR: 6.085; 95% CI: 4.654-7.956). The pooled prevalence for males was reported to be 2.44% (95% CI: 1.51-3.57%), which was significantly higher than those for females with a pooled prevalence of 0.26% (95% CI: 0.00-1.19%). This meta-analysis revealed that injecting drug use is a significant risk factor for HIV in Bangladesh. Moreover, while the HIV prevalence in female IDUs was found to be very low, it was much higher in male IDUs.

Dhaka Univ. J. Sci. 71(2): 160-168, 2023 (July)
PENGARUH KONSELING BEHAVIOR TERHADAP KECEMASAN BELAJAR PADA SISWA DI SMAN 1 LABUAPI
Authors: Astuti Farida Herna , Mustakim Mustakim
Published: October 2023

Peran orang tua pada anak yang mengalami kecemasan belajar yaitu melatih anak-anaknya untuk tetap percaya diri dan membentuk mental yang kuat. Peran orang tua untuk memperhatikan dan membimbing anaknya adalah untuk mendukung kebutuhan mental dan spiritual anak. dengan cara bertanggung jawab mencari nafkah dan membimbing anak-anaknya yang terkait. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui “Pengaruh konseling Behavior Terhadap Kecemasan Belajar Pada Siswa Kelas XI di SMAN 1 Labuapi Tahun Pelajaran 2022/2023. Jumah Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah 41 sedangkan sampelmya adalah 8 dengan metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu angket sebagai metode pokok, observasi dan dokumentasi dan wawancara sebagai metode pelengkap. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan yaitu dengan menggunakan rumus t test. Sesuai dengan analisis data yang digunakan yaitu metode statistik dengan menggunakan rumus t-tes. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh Ada Pengaruh Konseling Behavior Terhadap Kecemasan Belajar Pada Siswa Kelas XI di SMAN 1 Labuapi. Pengaruh tersebut dapat dilihat dari adanya perbedaan nilai antara setelah siswa mengikuti Konseliang kelompok (pos-test) dengan sebelum siswa mengikuti Konseling kelompok (pre-tes). Dari hasil analisis data: nilai t-test setelah diperoleh t-hitung =  sedangkan t-tabel dengan taraf signifikan 5% pada db (N-1) = 8 – 1 = 7 menunjukkan t-tabel = 2,365 ini menunjukkan bahwa nilai (t-hitung > t-tabel) yaitu (> 2,365). Dengan demikian hipotesis alternatif (Ha) diterima sedangkan hipotesis nol (Ho) ditolak.
PENGARUH KONSELING RASIONAL EMOTIVE BEHAVIORAL THERAPY TERHADAP PELAKU BULLYING PADA SISWA SMA KABUPATEN LOMBOK BARAT
Authors: Hartati Aluh
Published: October 2023

Seiring dengan perubahan remaja dari anak-anak menuju dewasa, mereka cenderung menonjolkan perilaku yang tidak stabil, seperti menghina, memaki, marah dan mengumpat, perilaku tersebut dapat dikatakan sebagai bullying. Pada masa ini penting bagi seorang remaja mendapatkan sebuah pendidikan yang memadai agar perilaku yang menyimpang dapat dicegah atau bahkan dihilangkan. Konseling rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT) adalah suatu proses pemberian bantuan kepada individu atau kelompok individu yang memiliki keyakinan atau pikiran irasional agar mengubahnya menjadi rasional. Bullying merupakan tindakan yang dilakukan untuk mengintimidasi seseorang dan dilakukan secara terus-menerus oleh pihak yang lebih kuat terhadap pihak yang lemah, dilakukan dengan sengaja dan bertujuan untuk melukai korbannya secara fisik maupun emosional. Rumusan masalah Apakah ada Pengaruh Konseling Rasional Emotive Behavioral Therapy terhadap Pelaku Bullying. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode angket untuk mencari informasi mengenai suatu masalah, wawancara untuk mendapatkan informasi secara mendalam dari sampel, observasi sebagai validasi terhadap informasi, dan dokumentasi sebagai bukti telah melakukan penelitian. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis dengan rumus t-test. Jumlah populasi 87 orang. Berdasarkan hasil analisis dengan rumus t-test maka diperoleh t hitung sebesar 9,057 dan t tabel pada taraf signifikansi 5% (0,05) diperoleh 2,262.).
Kepemimpinan dalam Perspektif Tri Hita Karana
Authors: Nuraeni Nuraeni
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis study aims to describe Describing Leadership in the Tri Hita Karana Perspective. The method used in literature studies is library research. The results of the study are: 1) THK Views the existence of leaders as protectors for their followers. 2) Leaders who are able to control themselves from the temptation of the five senses by prioritizing reason. 3) Leaders who serve with good intentions on the basis of God. 4) The leader sets an example to his subordinates. 5) Leaders have guidelines (religion, formal law, ethics, etiquette and customary law). 6) Leaders who have spiritual character. 7) The leader who has eight temperaments: Sun temperament, Moon temperament, Star disposition, Wind disposition, Cloud disposition, Fire disposition, Ocean disposition, and Earth disposition. 8) leaders who prioritize deliberation and consensus.Keywords: Leadership, Tri Hita Karana
Choroid Plexus Hyperplasia : Report of Two Cases with Unique Radiologic Findings
Authors: Kim Joo Whan , Hisamura Waka , Kim Seung-Ki , Phi Ji Hoon
Published: October 2023

Choroid plexus hyperplasia (CPH), also known as diffuse villous hyperplasia of choroid plexus, is a rare condition characterized by excessive production of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), resulting in hydrocephalus. Diagnosing CPH can be challenging due to the absence of clear imaging criteria for choroid plexus hypertrophy and the inability to assess CSF production non-invasively. As a result, many CPH patients are initially treated with a ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt, but subsequently require additional surgical intervention due to intractable ascites. In our study, we encountered two CPH patients who presented with significantly enlarged subarachnoid spaces, reduced parenchymal volume, and prominent choroid plexus. Initially, we treated these patients with a VP shunt, but eventually opted for endoscopic choroid plexus cauterization (CPC) to address the intractable ascites. Following the treatment with endoscopic CPC, we observed a gradual reduction in subarachnoid spaces and an increase in parenchymal volume. In cases where bilateral prominent choroid plexus, markedly enlarged subarachnoid spaces, and cortical atrophy are present, CPH should be suspected. In these cases, considering initial treatment with combined endoscopic CPC and shunt may help minimize the need for multiple surgical interventions.
Max Schuchart, 1920-2005
Authors: Koster Cees
Published: October 2023

Max Schuchart is in zijn leven op verschillende manieren actief geweest in het Nederlandse literaire veld, maar de meeste indruk heeft hij toch achtergelaten als vertaler. En dan vooral als de vertaler van één genre, één oeuvre, of misschien zelfs één werk, dat vele generaties verbonden heeft en nog verbindt: In de ban van de ring van J.R.R. Tolkien.
Revealing the Relationship Between Vocabulary Mastery and Listening Skills
Authors: Suryanto Bradhiansyah Tri
Published: October 2023

The relationship between vocabulary mastery and English listening skills at a given level—in this case, at the basic level—is examined in further detail, it will become more exciting and remarkable. This study attempts to demonstrate the connection between vocabulary knowledge and English listening skills in order to comprehend the relationship between the two on a basic level. This study used a correlational research methodology. This research technique looked at the relationship between vocabulary mastery and students' basic listening skills in English. The summary of the research findings above makes it evident that there is a weak but favourable correlation between basic vocabulary mastery and basic level listening skills. 0.0339 is the correlation coefficient. This suggests that other factors have a greater impact than basic vocabulary proficiency, which only has a 3.39% effect on the worth of basic listening skills. Based on the results of the ANOVA study, it is then found that the significance value of F is higher than the alpha value. As a result, there is less of a connection between basic vocabulary knowledge and basic listening skills. Additionally, by rejecting H0 and accepting H1, this study establishes a nonlinear regression line for the relationship between variables X and Y.
Embroidered Hierarchies: French Civil Uniforms and the décret du 29 messidor in Napoleonic Paris and Milan
Authors: Hebdon Brontë
Published: October 2023

In the days following Napoleon Bonaparte's nomination as Emperor of the French in May 1804, two decrees were introduced to French society: the décret du 24 messidor an XII and the décret du 29 messidor an XII. The first organized the French court into a hierarchy of privilege, placing Napoleon and his closest friends and advisors at the top of a complex pyramid of social capital. The second decree reoriented the court away from the sartorial egalitarianism of the French Revolution by legislating court costumes of varying colours and embroidery designs to correspond with each newly created governmental and courtly rank. Many histories of this period connect Napoleon's court costumes to his desire to strengthen the French silk industry, but less is understood about how Napoleon used these court costumes at his courts outside of France as organizational and imperialistic tools of social control. This article will consider how the décret du 24 messidor and the décret du 29 messidor were implemented in Paris and in the Kingdom of Italy in Milan in 1805, revealing that even as Napoleon's government attempted to structure French courtly society through codes of sartorial display, personal expression for men was still possible, especially through embroidery.
Predatory E-mails Management through Analysis of Non-Academic Scientist Account: International Challenge in Scientific Publishing
Authors: EİSSA Mostafa , RASHED Engy Refaat , EİSSA Dalia Essam
Published: October 2023

Scientific distant education and learning have become fast and straightforward in the internet era for information dissemination and sharing through e-publishing. However, this breakthrough has a severe drawback as misinformation and inaccurate scientific pieces of literature might be delivered to the audience. One of the most significant sources of this kind of flaw is the fraudulent publishing that is progressively growing. We aimed in this study to analyze predatory behavior communication through investigation of the e-mail account of a non-academic researcher. The study involved a text analysis of the identified different spam mail types. First, we have transformed e-mails that were considered spam into an Excel database. Then, categorization was executed to identify types of scientific fraud and their rate of delivery in the account during a definite time frame. Common keywords and country names were analyzed to spot the predatory markers. The study showed five categories of scientific predatory e-mails with a remarkable alarming rate of occurrence for invitations received for contribution to journal publishing. More than half of the received e-mails from these types involved country names embracing India, USA and UK. Among the screened 50 words/keywords from suspicious e-mails, only six of them contributed by 60% in frequency of occurrence. The spotting of patterns using text analysis coupled with Pareto charting would be helpful in e-mail management for researchers and scientists, especially non-academicians who do not have a frame of reference in scientific publishing and any qualified mentors or librarian available who could guide the publication process.
The Freud's Trap in International Politics
Authors: Chen Yu
Published: October 2023

Sigmund Freud, the founder of the school of psychoanalysis, developed the concept of “repetition compulsion,” which suggests that individuals may unconsciously re-enact past traumatic experiences. This paper seeks to explore the applicability of Freud's concept of repetition compulsion in the field of international politics. This paper introduces the concept of the “Freud's Trap” in international relations, examines relevant historical and contemporary cases, analyzes the negative impact of the Freud's Trap, and explores the possibility of the state escaping from the Freud's Trap. Freud's Trap, characterized by repetitive behaviors exhibited by states, pose a significant challenge to global stability and progress. In the future, further research and study on this topic will be necessary to fully understand the Freud's Trap and find effective strategies to overcome it.