bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Indonesian Education Trends Towards the Era of Society 5.0: Improving the Quality of Human Resources
Authors: Fitriana Nurin , Hayuni Retno Widarti  , Nur Indah Agustina
Published: February 2024

The Society 5.0 era is an era where technology has become part of every individual, which means technology plays an important role in solving the problems faced by society. Thanks to Society 5.0, intelligence that cares about human aspects will transform millions of data collected via the Internet in all areas of life, especially education. Therefore, the importance of human resource readiness in facing the Society 5.0 era. The research method uses a qualitative approach with qualitative descriptive analysis of literature reviews about improving the quality of human resources before the Society 5.0 era collected from several research journals. This article was written to improve the quality of human resources, especially in the field of education, in facing trends in educational development so that human resources are ready to welcome the new era, namely the era of Society 5.0. The research results show that the challenges of education in the era of Society 5.0 require thorough preparation with adequate human resources and utilizing technological advances in the education sector.
Ethical Principles As Student Motivation Continuing Education At Medical Faculty, Nahdlatul Ulama University, Surabaya
Authors: Sari Paramita , Syarifah Mustika Chasanatusy , Firdaus Abraham Ahmad Ali
Published: February 2024

Background : Ethics is an important component in human life to distinguish good and bad behavior. Motivation is very important when an individual wants to do something and decides something. Ethics supports a person's motivation to do things they think are good, including determining education at medical school.
Objective : The research aims to find out students' thinking principles based on the science of ethics so that by knowing these thinking principles researchers can find out students' motivations in choosing and continuing their studies at medical faculty.
Methods : This research is a quantitative study with a descriptive approach on all students of the Class of 2022 FK UNUSA. The survey used secondary data from student interviews from the new student admissions committee, data analysis using descriptive analytics and data validity using correlation tests.
Result : The results of this research show that 81% of students have the principle of virtue ethic thinking, supported by Personal Characteristics Test data showing that 72% of students are advised to be accepted as students at the medical faculty.
Conclusion : So, it can be concluded that virtue ethics is a motivation to continue education at the Faculty of Medicine, Nahdlatul Ulama University, Surabaya.
Correlation between Husband's Support and Primipara’s Willingness to Provide Exclusive Breastfeeding
Authors: Khoirunnisa Endang
Published: February 2024

Exclusive breastfeeding is the right of children and mothers. Unfortunately, the realization is not easy, especially for primipara. Several factors greatly influence its success, including the husband's support. This study aims to determine the correlation between husbands' support and mothers' willingness to provide exclusive breastfeeding. This research is an analytic descriptive with a cross-sectional approach. The population of this study was breastfeeding mothers at Yuni Astuti's Independent Midwife Practice, located in Sewon, Bantul, Yogyakarta, primiparous mothers with babies aged 0-6 months. Data was collected using a questionnaire consisting of 21 questions. Respondents' answers are indicated by statements of agreement on four scales (strongly agree, agree, disagree, strongly disagree). Univariate data were analyzed using percentages, and bivariate data using the Chi-Square test.  The research results find that the husband's support is related to the mother's willingness to provide exclusive breastfeeding. Mothers willing to give exclusive breastfeeding receive good support from their husbands. Although her husband's support strongly influences a mother's willingness to provide exclusive breastfeeding, several other variables still need to be considered. It is suggested that future researchers conduct a detailed study of the success factors of exclusive breastfeeding so that the public can take the results as a recommendation for mothers to do the same.
Application Of Osteopathic Treatment for Non-Pain–Related Discomforts of Pregnancy
Authors: Gomperts Jack , Carroll Lisa , Powers Bethany , Rodriguez Arley
Published: February 2024

Many osteopathic textbooks include treatment modalities and techniques that could improve frequently experienced ailments of pregnancy, such as nausea, vomiting, gastroesophageal reflux disease, constipation, and edema. However, there is little scientific evidence to support the use of osteopathy for these conditions, particularly among the pregnant population. The aim of this literature review is to identify and evaluate current evidence regarding the use of osteopathy in the management of common discomforts of pregnancy. Several search engines and journals were used to identify peer-reviewed articles written between 2003 and 2023. Eleven articles were included in total, including a variety of case reports, pilot studies, and journal articles. The results show that although osteopathy does appear to be safe to perform during the third trimester and its efficacy in the treatment of these conditions is promising, current evidence is insufficient to guide treatment protocols. Further research is needed to establish efficacy and determine osteopathic treatment regimens.
Dislipidemias posterior a aislamiento domiciliario en época de pandemia en trabajadores del Colegio Academia Naval Almirante Illingworth
Authors: Gallo Valverde Jean Carlos , Arias Becerra Jimmy Alexander
Published: February 2024

Introducción: la dislipidemia definida como aumento de los lípidos en sangre (colesterol y/o triglicéridos) es considerada como uno de los principales factores de riesgo cardiovascular. Objetivos: determinar la asociación entre Sedentarismo y Dislipidemia en los trabajadores de la Academia naval Almirante Illingworth. Identificar si existen variaciones en la media de valores de triglicéridos y/o colesterol sérico antes y después de la cuarentena por SARS COV 2. Se evidenció que existe una asociación entre la dislipidemia y el nivel de actividad física con un valor p de 0,000, siendo estadísticamente significativo. Metodología: se trata de un estudio no experimental, correlacional en cuanto a que se propone que existe correlación entre el aislamiento domiciliario y el aumento de la prevalencia de dislipidemias. Resultados: se evidenciaron variaciones en cuanto el promedio de aumento de colesterol y triglicéridos siendo 7,79 mg/dl de colesterol y 30 mg/dl de triglicéridos además se demostró una asociación entre dislipidemia y el nivel de actividad física con un valor p menor a 0.05, siendo estadísticamente significativo. Conclusiones: en el análisis de las variaciones se pudo observar que existió en promedio un aumento de 7,79 mg/dl de colesterol y 30 mg/dl de triglicéridos antes y después de la pandemia, el valor p < a 0.05 con significancia estadística. De acuerdo con los valores mencionados se determinó que existe una asociación entre el sedentarismo y la dislipidemia de los trabajadores pues la mayor la parte de la población estudiada tiene un nivel de actividad física leve. Área de estudio general: Salud ocupacional. Área de estudio específica: Medicina ocupacional.
Phase I Pharmacokinetics Study of Drug Areplivir® Zinc (INN: Favipiravir + Zinc Gluconate) (LLC "PROMOMED RUS", Russia)
Authors: Komarov T. N. , Bagaeva N. S. , Karnakova K. K. , Archakova O. A. , Shchelgacheva D. S. , Shcherbakova V. S. , Zaslavskaya K. Ya. , Bely P. A. , Taganov A. V. , Shohin I. E.
Published: February 2024

Introduction. Favipiravir is an antiviral compound that inhibits the RNA-dependent polymerase and possesses antiviral properties against RNA viruses, including SARS-CoV-2 (Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2). The new drug Areplivir® Zinc as a combination of favipiravir (200 mg) and zinc gluconate (70 mg) in the form of film-coated tablets has been developed by LLC "PROMOMED RUS", Russia. This combination of favipiravir and zinc gluconate could provide more effective treatment of COVID-19.

Aim. The aim of the pharmacokinetics study is comparison between Areplivir® Zinc (INN: favipiravir + zinc gluconate), film-coated tablets (the manufacturer is JSC "Biokhimic", LLC "PROMOMED RUS" as registration certificate holder) and Areplivir® (INN: favipiravir), film-coated tablets (the manufacturer is JSC "Biokhimic", LLC "PROMOMED RUS" as registration certificate holder) to evaluate the effect of zinc on the favipiravir pharmacokinetics.

Materials and methods. The clinical and analytical phases as well as pharmacokinetic analyses have been performed as a part of a phase I clinical trial. Chromatographic separation and detection of favipiravir were performed by high-performance liquid chromatography – tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) method using Nexera XR high-performance liquid chromatograph with triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometer LCMS-8040 (Shimadzu Corporation, Japan). The validated analytical range of the method was 50.00–15 000.00 ng/mL in human plasma. The plasma zinc concentrations were measured by a biochemical method with the use of the kit «Zinc-Novo (50)» (JSC "Vector-Best", Russia). The descriptive statistics were calculated using Microsoft Excel (Microsoft Corporation, USA). The pharmacokinetic parameters, analysis of variance (ANOVA), 90 % confidence intervals (90 % CIs) and the intra-subject variability (CVintra) were calculated by R Project 3.5.1 software (package «bear», version 2.8.3-2), originally created by Hsin-ya Lee and Yung-jin Lee, Taiwan.

Results and discussion. The 90 % confidence intervals of the ratios for Сmax and AUC(0–t) were 86.48–100.38 % and 103.77–119.47 %, respectively. The 90 % confidence intervals were all within the acceptance range of 80.00–125.00 % which means there is no effect of zinc on the favipiravir pharmacokinetics. The intra-subject variability (CVintra) of favipiravir for the pharmacokinetic parameters Cmax and AUC(0–t) were 15.06 % and 14.23 %.

Conclusion. The results justified the subsequent phases of clinical trials of Areplivir® Zinc (INN: favipiravir + zinc gluconate), film-coated tablets (LLC "PROMOMED RUS", Russia). This combination of favipiravir and zinc could expand the existing armamentarium of antiviral drugs for the treatment of COVID-19.
Reimagining Education in The Digital Age: Narrative Insights from Pre-Service Teachers on The Impact of Technological Advancements
Authors: Ng Ka Yan Hilary
Published: February 2024

The rapid technological advancements continue to shape the future of education. What will be the future of education? This research conducted interviews with a group of pre-service teachers (N = 25) who have grown up in the digital age and are well-versed in the latest technology trends. Their perspective equipped them to bring a fresh and contemporary perspective to inspire and drive changes in technology-enriched educational practices. Other than this, they have direct relevance to the development of future education after they graduate. Through in-depth interviews, this research uncovers multifaceted implications of technology-enriched teaching and learning practice. The interview scripts were analysed with a thematic analysis approach. The narratives of pre-service teachers illuminate the transformative potential of technology in 1) increasing engagement, 2) enhancing learning performance and global competitiveness, and 3) fostering student-centred learning. This generational perspective offers valuable insights into how technology is integrated into their own education and its potential impact on future generations. Such recognition can facilitate policymakers, educational institutions management, and educators in preparing for and effectively incorporating technology to shape the future of education. The results can pave the way for a more effective education model that pushes beyond the boundary of traditional teaching practices.
Out to Pasture: Transitioning From Servant-Leadership to Post-Leadership Roles in Academia
Authors: LeBlanc, III H. Paul
Published: February 2024

Faculty in leadership or administrative roles may continue their career advancement until retirement. In some cases, faculty may choose or have chosen for them, to not continue in a leadership role in the academy. An extensive search of the literature on post-leadership roles using the search term post-leadership in Web of Science, Communication Abstracts, PsycArticles (ProQuest), ProQuest Research Library, and Education Full-text (EBSCO) databases failed to uncover research specifically related to post-leadership faculty roles in higher education. According to Jasinki (2020) while much scholarship has focused on leadership development in academia, little scholarship has focused on the phenomena of “stepping down.” Utilizing autoethnographic method (see Ellis et al., 2011), the author seeks to understand the connection between the personal journey and the effects of our cultural expectations of post-leadership in academia on self-identity. This current project aims to begin the conversation by sharing a personal narrative about the process of reflection related to post-leadership roles and offering a critical self-analysis within the context of servant leadership.
Mersenne Matrix Operator and Its Application in $p-$Summable Sequence Space
Authors: DEMİRİZ Serkan , ERDEM Sezer
Published: February 2024

In this study, it is introduced the regular Mersenne matrix operator which is obtained by using Mersenne numbers and examined sequence spaces described as the domain of this matrix in the space of $p$-summable sequences for $1\leq p \leq \infty$. After that, it investigated some properties and inclusion relations, established the Schauder basis, and stated $\alpha-$, $\beta-$, and $\gamma-$duals of the aforementioned spaces. Additionally, it is characterized by the matrix classes from newly described spaces to classical sequence spaces. Finally, we studied the compactness of matrix operators on related sequence spaces.
THE EFFECT OF SOCIAL MEDIA USE LEVEL AND SLEEP QUALITY ON WORK PERFORMANCE AMONG UNIVERSITY EMPLOYEES
Authors: TOPAKTAŞ Berkhan , YAKŞİ Neşe
Published: February 2024

It is important to determine the level of social media addiction in the working population and to determine its relationship with sleep quality, and how both variables affect the work performance of the employees. In this study, it was aimed to determine the effects of social media addiction levels and sleep quality of employees at Amasya University on their work performance. The population of the cross-sectional study consisted of staff in all employment types at Amasya University. Sociodemographic data form, Social Media Addiction Scale-Adult Form (SMAS-AF), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Work Role Functioning Questionnaire (WRFQ) were applied by face-to-face survey method between August 15 and October 15, 2022. A total of 148 individuals participated in the study. The total score on the SMAS-AF was 40.0 (20-84), the PSQI total score was 6.0 (1-15) and the WRFQ total score was 92.5 (6-100). The WRFQ was found to be lower in individuals with associate degree or higher education, females, and academic staff (p=0.042; p=0.010 and p=0.008 respectively). The WRFQ total score indicated low, moderate, and negative significant correlations with the SMAS-AF and PSQI total scores (r= -0.333 and -0.344, respectively, p< 0.001). It was found that as the level of social media addiction increased and sleep quality deteriorated, work role functionality was negatively affected. A holistic approach, including behavioral problems, should be exhibited in the evaluation of work performance.
Envisioning the future in the light of climatic and non-climatic riskscapes: lessons from KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Authors: Ebhuoma EE , Leonard L , Gebreslasie M
Published: February 2024

The concept of a ‘Riskscape’ serves as a proactive framework intertwining risk, geographical space, and human practices. It sheds light on how diverse stakeholders perceive phenomena and take action to navigate the future and address emerging risks. This study applies the riskscape concept to comprehend the impact of climate change, coupled with non-climatic risks, on vulnerable households in KwaMaye village, rural KwaZulu-Natal (KZN), South Africa. The research also explores how local farmers envision their future amidst the prevailing conditions. Qualitative methods were employed to gather primary data from purposefully selected participants in KwaMaye. The findings reveal that climatic risks contributing to households’ vulnerability include droughts, heavy rainfall, and flooding, among other factors. Non-climatic risks emanate from issues such as an increasing livestock population, diminishing grazing fields, and delays in provincial government assistance. The convergence of climatic and non-climatic risks forms riskscapes that significantly impede most households’ ability to engage effectively in livestock and food production. This is partly due to the lack of nutritious pastures during droughts. In response to the scarcity of nutritious pastures during extreme droughts, resource-constrained farmers resort to illegally accessing nearby commercial irrigated farmlands to allow their livestock to forage. However, this action carries a substantial fine if they are caught. Despite the challenges, respondents express reluctance to reduce their livestock numbers in the face of frequent droughts. However, many argue that they may be compelled to abandon food production if the issues related to these riskscapes are not promptly addressed.
Exploring men’s health in medium and high complexity care in Brazil: A deductive thematic analysis of social determinants
Authors: De Almeida Márcio Soares , Carneiro Bruna Rafaela , Santos Albert Ramon Oliveira , Da Silva Pires Claudia Geovana , Santos Fransley Lima , De Sousa Alvaro Francisco Lopes , De Sousa Anderson Reis , Pereira Álvaro , De Oliveira Layze Braz , Carneiro Liliane Moretti , Mendes Isabel Amélia Costa
Published: February 2024

Background: Men’s health is influenced by a complex interplay of social, economic, and cultural determinants. Understanding how these aspects affect the health of adult cisgender men in medium and high-complexity healthcare settings is essential for improving healthcare services and promoting better health outcomes.
Objective: This study aimed to analyze the health status of adult cisgender men in medium and high-complexity healthcare settings based on social determinants and conditioners.
Methods: This study employed a qualitative design involving 45 adult cisgender men receiving care in medium/high complexity services in Bahia, Brazil. Semi-structured interviews were conducted from July 2019 to February 2020, and data were interpreted based on Dahlgren and Whitehead’s Model of Social Determinants of Health using deductive thematic analysis.
Results: Proximal determinants included biological aspects, preventive behaviors, lifestyle/social life, and aging processes. Intermediate factors included work conditions, access/utilization of healthcare services/medications, and psychosocial factors. Macro determinants involved income distribution, power dynamics, resource allocation, health inequalities/iniquities, morbidity, culture, political decisions, environmental factors, and structural elements.
Conclusion: The health status of men in medium/high complexity care was profoundly influenced by structural social determinants. These determinants impacted healthcare attention, service organization, cultural influences, the reproduction of hegemonic masculinity patterns, lifestyle, social support, and socioeconomic conditions necessary to realize the right to health. Nursing practices should conduct comprehensive assessments that extend beyond physical health indicators.
Comparing the effect of LINE-based and WhatsApp-based educational interventions on reproductive health knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors among Triad adolescents: A quasi-experimental study
Authors: Kosasih Cecep Eli , Solehati Tetti , Maryati Ida
Published: February 2024

Background: Adolescent populations face reproductive health challenges. Persisting gaps in Triad Adolescent Reproductive Health (ARH) comprehension and risky behaviors emphasize the necessity of integrating social media apps into health education to address Triad ARH risks among youths. Teenagers commonly use WhatsApp and LINE for social media communication, and determining the effectiveness of these two apps is scarce.
Objective: This quasi-experimental study aimed to investigate and compare the impacts of educational interventions delivered through WhatsApp and LINE platforms on enhancing the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of adolescents concerning the Triad ARH.    
Methods: A total of 154 senior high school students were randomly recruited from two public schools in Bandung Regency, West Java, Indonesia. These students were divided into two groups: Group A, consisting of 78 students who received material messages using LINE, and Group B, consisting of 76 students who received material messages using WhatsApp. Participants completed a pre-test prior to the intervention and a post-test one month after the intervention. Data were collected using validated questionnaires and analyzed using Chi-square and Wilcoxon tests.
Results: In the LINE group, there was an average increase in knowledge from 15.68 to 20.21, attitudes from 29.05 to 59.12, and behavior from 55.95 to 64.81 before and after the intervention period (p = 0.001). In the WhatsApp group, there was an increase in knowledge from 15.16 to 19.67, in attitudes from 34.71 to 59.54, and behavior from 54.75 to 65.97 before and after the intervention period (p = 0.001). Further analysis showed no significant difference between the LINE and WhatsApp groups in increasing the average level of knowledge (p = 0.973), attitude (p = 0.682), and behavior (p = 0.067) before and after the intervention. However, it was observed that the increase in knowledge and attitude was slightly higher in the LINE group, while the increase in behavior was slightly higher in the WhatsApp group.
Conclusion: This study demonstrates that educational interventions using LINE and WhatsApp both increased the knowledge, attitudes, and behavior of adolescents related to the Triad ARH. This finding is valuable, considering the popularity of LINE and WhatsApp as mobile applications. Leveraging these platforms by nurses and other healthcare professionals can significantly improve adolescents’ health, influencing their knowledge, attitudes, and behavior regarding reproductive health.
The Effects of Group Art Therapy on the Resilience and Emotion Regulation Difficulties of Emergency Medical Technicians Who Experienced PTSD
Authors:   Korean Correction Counseling Psychological Association, Yang Ji Min , Hwang Moon Sook , Park Sam Yong , Jung Jae Won
Published: February 2024

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of group art therapy on the resilience and emotional regulation difficulties of emergency medical technicians who experienced PTSD. The subjects were 7 emergency medical technicians working at the fire station located in the city D who experienced PTSD. The program of group art therapy was conducted once a week for 90 minutes per session, from May 1st, 2023, to August 31st, 2023, with a total of 14 sessions. As research tools, we quantitatively analyzed the pre- and post-changes using resilience scales and emotion regulation difficulties scales. Additionally, we qualitatively analyzed the changes in major content for each session using the Person in the Rain (PITR) drawing tests. The results of this study were as follows. Firstly, group art therapy had a positive effect on the resilience of emergency medical technicians who experienced PTSD. Secondly, group art therapy had a positive effect on the emotion regulation difficulties of emergency medical technicians who experienced PTSD. Thirdly, in the Person in the Rain (PITR) drawing tests, changes in emotional regulation, reduction of emotional instability, the establishment of a positive self-image, and improvement of stress-coping ability appeared. These research results lead to the conclusion that group art therapy has a positive effect on the resilience and emotion regulation difficulties of emergency medical technicians who experience PTSD. This suggests its potential utility in counseling and art therapy settings for emergency medical technicians.
EKSISTENSI LEMBAGA ADAT WAPULAKA DALAM PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA TANAH
Authors: Ayusni Ayusni , Nur Jabal , Intan Nur , Heryanti Heryanti
Published: February 2024

This study aims to determine the existence and the role of Wapulaka Customary Institution in settling land disputes in Bahari Village, Sampolawa District, South Buton Regency. This study is a normative empirical research with field research taking place in Bahari I, II and III villages also known as Wapulaka villages through observation and interview methods. The results of study indicate that in settling community land disputes, the existence of Wapulaka customary institutions is still significant, especially in assisting the village government. The role of functionaries of traditional institutions determines a successful dispute resolution where the Sara Adati Wapulaka is the reference. The settlement of land disputes is carried out by Wapulaka customary institutions through deliberations where Sara Adati Wapulaka acts as a mediator so that the disputing parties can reach an agreement and peace.
PELAKSANAAN FUNGSI KELUARGA OLEH PEREMPUAN DISABILITAS SINGLE PARENT
Authors: Suyanto Namira Cita , Susanti Rina
Published: February 2024

Research on the Implementation of Family Functions by Single-Parent Disabled Women in Pekanbaru was conducted to explain the lives of single-parent disabled women in interacting in their environment and to find out the implementation of family functions by single-parent disabled women. The family functions are carried out in the family to create a harmonious ideal family. The method used in this research was qualitative research and there were three informants: single-parent women with physical disabilities. This study discusses 6 family functions carried out by single-parent disabled women: socialization, affection, education, religion, protection, and economic functions. The results obtained from the study are single-parent women with disabilities have daily lives by interacting with the surrounding environment and carrying out family functions. However, several family functions are not carried out optimally by single-parent disabled women. This is because of some obstacles they have in their daily lives.
Tubular duplication of the sigmoid colon: clinical case
Authors: Chusova Ksenia A. , Bogdanov A. V. , Starkov I. L.
Published: February 2024

Patient B., 45 years old admitted with signs of complicated diverticular disease. Complaints since 2021 of periodic pain in the lower abdomen, false urge to defecate. Repeated abdomen CT and contrast enema revealed a blindly ending duplication of the sigmoid colon up to 15 cm in length. The patient underwent laparoscopic resection of a duplicated portion of the sigmoid colon. The was favorable at the time of discharge.
ICG-angiography in evaluation the quality of the full-thickness rectal flap's formation at the surgery treatment of complex rectal fistulas
Authors: Khitaryan A. G. , Adizov S. A. , Alibekov A. Z. , Kislyakov V. N. , Orekhov A. A. , Khitaryan V. A. , Oplimakh K. S. , Golovina A. A.
Published: February 2024

AIM: evaluation the feasibility of usage ICG-angiography for the full-thickness rectal flap's formation at the surgery treatment of complex rectal fistulas.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: a prospective cohort study based on the study of intraoperative ICG-angiography and its video recordings in the surgery treatment of complex pararectal fistulas with bringing down a full-thickness rectal flap was performed. The study included 9 patients: 6(66.7%) - men and 3(33.3%) - women.

RESULTS: based on intraoperative ICG-angiography 3 types rectum's angioarchitectonics were identified: with 3, 4 and 5 distal branches of the rectal arteries, respectively. Subsequent detailed chronometry were showed that the time of onset of the arterial phase did not differ significantly, regardless of the formed flap's width. However, the following changes in the venous outflow were identified: at full-thickness flap's width of 1/3 of the rectal circumference, a slight lengthening of the venous outflow was observed, expressed in an increase of the average time for onset of the maximum fluorescence phase to 61.5 sec., compared with the intact rectum (58.2 sec.); at full-thickness flap's width of 1/4 of the rectal circumference - significant (p<0.05) extension of the average time for onset of the phase of maximum fluorescence to 77.6 sec., that is, in 1.26 times compared to patients with flap's width of 1/3 of the rectal circumference.

CONCLUSION: at the treatment of complex rectal fistulas with bringing down a full-thickness rectal flap, ICG-angiography makes it possible to visualize the vessels of the rectum at intraoperative condition, which contributes to the selection of the boundaries of the rectal area for the formation of a full-thickness flap, and also allows to assess of its blood supply.
“you just look at rocks, and have beards” Perceptions of Geology From the United Kingdom: A Qualitative Analysis From an Online Survey
Authors: Rogers Steven L. , Giles Sam , Dowey Natasha , Greene Sarah E. , Bhatia Rehemat , Van Landeghem Katrien , King Chris
Published: February 2024

In the last few decades, Geology courses, particularly in the Global North, have seen a decline in student enrolment. Geologists have linked this downturn to a lack of exposure to the subject at school and college level. This work seeks to understand the public’s relationship with Geology and draws on over 5,000 open-ended question responses to a survey disseminated in 2021. The survey asked both those who had, and had not, studied geology as a subject a series of questions in order to explore their perceptions of the discipline. Our findings indicate that individuals “outside” of geology see the subject as old fashioned, boring, and environmentally damaging; simply the study of rock samples with nothing new to be discovered from; and with poor job prospects outside of the oil and gas industry. Geologists who responded to the survey paint a picture of a broad, interdisciplinary subject, with vibrant employability opportunities—yet struggle to coherently and collectively describe this when asked, “what is geology?”. In addition to the identified perception of geology as boring, and notions of poor employability being a barrier to prospective students, diversity and inclusivity issues are highlighted as significant barriers by those who study geology. Our findings indicate that both geologists and the geology curriculum need to coherently describe what geology
is
more effectively. We need to develop and better communicate the subject’s interdisciplinary nature and links to critical societal issues, such as the role of responsible mineral extraction in the energy transition and the importance of geology in vital areas such as climate change science, water resource management, environmental conservation, and sustainable urban/built development. Finding new ways to show that, far from being boring, geology is a subject that can fundamentally change the way you see and interact with the world around you is of central importance to achieving this. Efforts to make the subject more equitable are also highlighted as being critical in creating a more inclusive and accessible discipline.
Fast field echo resembling CT using restricted echo-spacing (FRACTURE) MR sequence can provide craniocervical region images comparable to a CT in dogs
Authors: Lee Dongjae , Kim Eunjee , Woo Hyeonjae , Jeon Chang-Yeop , Yoon Junghee , Choi Jihye
Published: February 2024

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is essential for evaluating cerebellar compression in patients with craniocervical junction abnormalities (CJA). However, it is limited in depicting cortical bone because of its short T2 relaxation times, low proton density, and organized structure. Fast field echo resembling a computed tomography (CT) scan using restricted echo-spacing (FRACTURE) MRI, is a new technique that offers CT-like bone contrast without radiation. This study aimed to assess the feasibility of using FRACTURE MRI for craniocervical junction (CCJ) assessment compared with CT and conventional MRI, potentially reducing the need for multiple scans and radiation exposure, and simplifying procedures in veterinary medicine. CT and MRI of the CCJ were obtained from five healthy beagles. MRI was performed using three-dimensional (3D) T1-weighted, T2-weighted, proton density-weighted (PDW), single echo-FRACTURE (sFRACTURE), and multiple echo-FRACTURE (mFRACTURE) sequences. For qualitative assessment, cortical delineation, trabecular bone visibility, joint space visibility, vertebral canal definition, overall quality, and artifacts were evaluated for each sequence. The geometrical accuracy, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) were quantified. Both sFRACTURE and CT images provided significantly higher scores for cortical delineation and trabecular bone visibility than conventional MRI. Joint space visibility and vertebral canal definition were similar to those observed on CT images, regardless of the MR sequence. In the quantitative assessment, the distances measured on T2-weighted images differed significantly from those measured on CT. There were no significant differences between the distances taken using T1-weighted, PD-weighted, sFRACTURE, mFRACTURE and those taken using CT. T1-weighted and sFRACTURE had a higher SNR for trabecular bone than CT. The CNR between the cortical bone and muscle was high on CT and FRACTURE images. However, the CNR between the cortical and trabecular bones was low in mFRACTURE. Similar to CT, FRACTURE sequences showed higher cortical delineation and trabecular bone visibility than T2-weighted, T1-weighted, and PDW CCJ sequences. In particular, sFRACTURE provided a high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the trabecular bone and a high CNR between the cortical bone and muscle and between the cortical and trabecular bones. FRACTURE sequences can complement conventional MR sequences for bone assessment of the CCJ in dogs.
Current progress and prospects for G protein-coupled estrogen receptor in triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: Zhang Duo , Chen Hong , Wang Jinpeng , Ji Jiale , Imam Murshid , Zhang Zhijie , Yan Shunchao
Published: February 2024

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a biologically and clinically heterogeneous disease. The G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) plays a crucial role in mediating the effect of estrogen and estrogen-like compounds in TNBC cells. Compared with other subtypes, GPER has a higher expression in TNBC. The GPER mechanisms have been thoroughly characterized and analyzed in estrogen receptor α (ERα) positive breast cancer, but not in TNBC. Our previous work revealed that a higher expression of GPER mRNA indicates a better prognosis for ERα-positive breast cancer; however, its effects in TNBC differ. Whether GPER could serve as a predictive prognostic marker or therapeutic target for TNBC remains unclear. In this review, we provide a detailed introduction to the subcellular localization of GPER, the different effects of various ligands, and the interactions between GPER and closely associated factors in TNBC. We focused on the internal molecular mechanisms specific to TNBC and thoroughly explored the role of GPER in promoting tumor development. We also discussed the interaction of GPER with specific cytokines and chemokines, and the relationship between GPER and immune evasion. Additionally, we discussed the feasibility of using GPER as a therapeutic target in the context of existing studies. This comprehensive review highlights the effects of GPER on TNBC, providing a framework and directions for future research.
Fluoroquinolone resistance in complicated urinary tract infections: association with the increased occurrence and diversity of Escherichia coli of clonal complex 131, together with ST1193
Authors: García-Meniño Isidro , García Vanesa , Lumbreras-Iglesias Pilar , Fernández Javier , Mora Azucena
Published: February 2024

Introduction

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the leading causes of multidrug-resistance (MDR) spread and infection-related deaths. Escherichia coli is by far the main causative agent. We conducted a prospective study on complicated urinary tract infections (cUTIs) i) to monitor the high-risk clones that could be compromising the therapeutic management and ii) to compare the cUTI etiology with uncomplicated infections (uUTIs) occurring in the same period and health area.

Methods

154 non-duplicated E. coli recovered from cUTIs in 2020 at the Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias (Spain) constituted the study collection.

Results

Most cUTI isolates belonged to phylogroup B2 (72.1%) and met the uropathogenic (UPEC) status (69.5%) (≥3 of chuA, fyuA, vat, and yfcV genes). MDR was exhibited by 35.7% of the isolates, similarly to data observed in the uUTI collection. A significant difference observed in cUTI was the higher level of fluoroquinolone resistance (FQR) (47.4%), where the pandemic clonal groups B2-CC131 and B2-ST1193 (CH14-64) comprised 28% of the 154 E. coli, representing 52.1% of the FQR isolates. Other prevalent FQR clones were D-ST69 (CH35-27), D-ST405 (CH37-27), and B2-ST429 (CH40-20) (three isolates each). We uncovered an increased genetic and genomic diversity of the CC131: 10 different virotypes, 8 clonotypes (CH), and 2 STs. The presence of blaCTX-M-15 was determined in 12 (7.8%) isolates (all CC131), which showed 10 different core genome (cg)STs and 2 fimH types (fimH30 and fimH602) but the same set of chromosomal mutations conferring FQR (gyrA p.S83L, gyrA p.D87N, parC p.S80I, parC p.E84V, and parE p.I529L). In addition, the plasmidome analysis revealed 10 different IncF formulae in CC131 genomes.

Conclusion

We proved here that non-lactose fermenting screening, together with the detection of O25b (rfbO25b), H4 (fliCH4), and H5 (fliCH5) genes, and phylogroup and clonotyping assignation, is a reasonable approach that can be easily implemented for the surveillance of emerging high-risk clones associated with FQR spread in cUTIs, such as the uncommonly reported O25b:H4-B2-ST9126-CC131 (CH1267-30). Since E. coli CC131 and ST1193 are also involved in the community uUTIs of this health area, interventions to eradicate these MDR clones, along with surveillance for other emerging ones, are essential for antibiotic use optimization programs.
The relationship between thyroid peroxidase antibody and differentiated thyroid cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Haonan , Tian Lijun , Wang Xichang , Shi Xiaoguang
Published: February 2024

Background

Thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb) has been found to be associated with the occurrence and development of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) for several years, but there is still controversy over whether thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) is related to differentiated thyroid cancer.

Methods

We scrutinized relevant studies published up to July 2023 across four major databases including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science, to examine the association between TPOAb and DTC. Clinical outcome measures include the incidence of DTC, tumor size, extrathyroidal invasion, lymph node metastasis, multifocality, recurrence and bilaterality.

Results

12 original studies were included, involving a total of 20,330 subjects. Our analysis of the included studies revealed that TPOAb+ individuals exhibited a higher risk of developing DTC (OR=1.57 [95% CI: 1.00–2.45], p=0.049) than TPOAb– individuals. Furthermore, TPOAb+ DTC patients were more prone to present with bilateral (OR=1.40 [95% CI: 1.21–1.62], p<0.00001) and multifocal (OR=1.40 [95% CI: 1.23-1.60], p<0.00001) tumors than TPOAb– patients. Sensitivity analysis indicated a high sensitivity for these three findings. No significant differences in the risk of extrathyroidal extension and lymph node metastasis, recurrence rate, tumor size, were observed between TPOAb+ and TPOAb– DTC patients.

Conclusion

The presence of TPOAb is correlated with an increase prevalence of DTC. However, its effectiveness as a prognostic marker for DTC patients warrants further investigation.

Systematic review registration

https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier CRD42023448824.
Persistent disconnect between flow restoration and restoration of river ecosystem functions after the removal of a large dam on the Sélune River
Authors: Piscart Christophe , Dézerald Olivier , Pellan Laura , Le Bris Nathalie , Rodríguez-Pérez Héctor , Beauverger Thibaut , Huteau Dominique , Roussel Jean-Marc
Published: February 2024

The removal of the two dams on the Sélune River since 2019 has led to profound changes in the aquatic ecosystem. Lentic habitats bordered by forest had shifted to new conditions (running water and sparsely vegetated riverbanks) therefore shaping organisms’ assemblies. We studied how the reestablishment of aquatic lotic habitats in interaction with riparian vegetation could mediate the restoration of important ecological functions in the new river. Six stations located along the river continuum were surveyed for 3 years after dam removal: two control stations upstream the former reservoir, three restored stations within the former reservoir, and one control station downstream. We monitored physico-chemical characteristics, phytobenthos biomass and the river’s benthic metabolism, and assessed the functional composition of macroinvertebrate communities. We compared the recorded variables among upstream, downstream and restored sampling stations. We observed a rapid recolonization by invertebrates, but a still low phytobenthic primary production in restored stations. Such a low primary productivity was also reflected in the functional composition of invertebrate communities. Three years after dam removal, there was still a significant time lag between communities recovery and expected ecosystem functioning restoration. We observed a quick colonization by aquatic running-water invertebrate communities of new lotic reaches, but a slower recovery of important ecological functions rates such as those observed in control stations.
Spatio-temporal analysis of LAI using multisource remote sensing data for source region of Yellow River Basin
Authors: Zhang Ying , Hou Jinliang , Han Weixiao , Dou Peng , Huang Chunlin
Published: February 2024

Introduction: The Leaf area index (LAI) of source region of yellow river basin is an important indicator for environmental sustainability. Most studies focus on the trend of LAI in Yellow River Source Region (YRSR) in accordance with both climate change and human actives. However, quantifying the effect of human activities on LAI is difficult but urgently needed. Specifically, Particle Matter 2.5 (PM2.5) can be an indirect indicator of human activities.

Methods: In this study, we explored the potential dependence of LAI on temperature, precipitation, and PM2.5 in different land cover types in YRSR with linear regression and correlation analysis.

Results: Over the period of 2001–2020, the climate in the region has been warming and becoming more humid, leading to overall improvements in vegetation. The mean LAI values varied between seasons, with summer having the highest and winter having the lowest LAI. The analysis of the LAI trends revealed that the mean LAI has been steadily increasing, particularly in the eastern region. The correlation analysis showed a significant positive correlation between annual average LAI and both annual precipitation and temperature, indicating that temperature has a greater impact on vegetation growth. The analysis of land cover types showed that most types exhibited a unimodal trend in LAI throughout the year, except for construction land which had two distinct peaks. Human-induced land cover change had a small impact on the overall increase in LAI. Furthermore, the interannual variation of PM2.5 showed a downward trend, with a strong correlation with the trend of LAI. Additionally, multiple linear regression analysis and residual trend analysis showed that climate factors had the strongest impact on LAI.

Conclusion: The study highlights the spatiotemporal variations of LAI in the YRSR and its correlation with climatic and human factors. The findings suggest that climate change plays a crucial role in the vegetation growth and LAI in the region.
Assessing intra-annual growth dynamics in climatically contrasting years, sites, and tree species using dendrometers and wood anatomical data
Authors: Debel Annette , Foroozan Zeynab , Häusser Martin , Raspe Stephan , Bräuning Achim
Published: February 2024

Detecting the intra-annual dynamics and courses of secondary tree growth enables the accurate identification of crucial steps in the forming of a new tree ring. Furthermore, comparing the high-resolution recordings of tree growth with environmental conditions allows assessment of the influence of weather on wood formation processes. This study investigates the intra-annual growth performance of conifer species and European beech at two high- and two low-elevation sites in Bavaria, southeast Germany. We measured stem circumference changes with electronic band dendrometers and cambial dynamics by collecting microcores at biweekly intervals. We analyzed growth variations between the consecutive years 2020 and 2021, which showed distinct climatic differences during the growing seasons. While warm and dry conditions prevailed in spring and summer in 2020, spring in 2021 was comparatively cold, and summer precipitation was high. Different tree growth patterns were observed in the contrasting years 2020 and 2021. Distinct growth reductions occurred in the drier year 2020 for most of the studied tree species, while trees showed wider tree rings in 2021 despite of low growth rates at the beginning of the growing season. Climate-growth correlations exposed the intraseasonal influence of climatic conditions, particularly available soil water, water vapor pressure deficit, and soil temperature, on short-term tree responses. Wood anatomical analysis and daily stem diameter variations proved to be valid monitoring methods to assess individual wood formation processes and to identify species-specific tree responses to the influence of climatic conditions. However, combining both methods represents the most reliable approach due to the mutual ability to compensate for each other’s deficiencies. While dendrometers provided a very accurate and high-resolution record of intra-annual tree growth, wood anatomical analyses were more reliable in determining the exact onset and cessation of wood formation. For this reason, combining both is recommended for assessing prospective tree growth performance in the context of climate change.