bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY IN FOOD INDUSTRY
Authors: Dumitrascu Luminița-Mihaela , Moise Dumitru-Florin
Published: July 2021

There are many different front-of-pack nutrition labels and there is not yet established a convergence. Governments and manufacturers try to provide more nutritional information on food labels. The analysis covered the period between 1980 and 2021. This study increases the attention of all stakeholders involved in the front-of-pack nutrition labelling debate. In this regard is relevant to present the advantages and disadvantages, the similarities and the differences of front-of-pack nutrition labelling, because each one is unique, so it is hard to compare them by using the same criteria. The paper brings into the spotlights different policies from different countries that aim to educate the consumers about the content of food, the case of front-of-pack food labeling, that represents a social responsibility issue, especially for health and obesity prevention, noncommunicable diseases, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes, due to the important role played. Our results show that there are key items, in terms of social responsibility, companies should take into account when planning their strategies and may help also the investors in food manufacturing companies with an increased interest in social information to request and understand the importance of the front-of-pack nutrition labelling of companies they want to invest in. Our research is important for the business to advance in disclosure on the pack of food of relevant information, as well for the academic community regarding the front-of-pack nutrition labelling, as a responsibility issue. Future research is needed since there is a variety of front-of-pack nutrition labelling and is changing constantly.
TRENDS IN THE PRESENTATION OF BUDGET INFORMATION IN ROMANIAN FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Authors: Făgădar (Ghișa) Margareta , Deac Claudiu – Florin
Published: July 2021

The country’s general economic development links public finances with the state, which needs financing, as they are a major concern for specialists in the field. The budget has objectively established itself as an appropriate and indispensable support for the establishment and rational management of public financial activities. A budget provides an overview of resources and how they are redistributed to achieve organizational objectives. Although the need for a system of programming and highlighting revenue and expenditure to support the implementation of specific activities and the dimensioning of their effectiveness is recognized, it is considered that this need is more pressing for public activities. As a financial management tool for strategic budgetary planning, best practices in the field of planning, and public financial management are strengthened, the public budget ends each year with the approval of the general account of its implementation. Romania is actively involved in the modernization of public sector financial management, thus it has managed to implement a well-functioning it service for reporting the financial statements of public institutions, which facilitates the collection of information needed for EU-level reporting. The implementation of this system at national level results in the discipline of the budget institutions and in full transparency as regards the budget used and how this budget has been spent. The aim of this work is to present, through an exploratory approach, the temptations in the presentation of budget information in the Romanian financial statements. Planning a realistic budget ensures optimal allocation of state resources, the achievement of political priorities, and involves only an extension of the time horizon in the preparation of the public financial plans, but also an economic focus and efficiency in the management of public resources. Responsible financial and budgetary management generates efficiency, effectiveness and performance in the design and implementation of balanced budgets for the functioning and development of the administrative capacity of public administration structures.
SEPARATION OF FIXED AND VARIABLE COSTS FROM MIXED COSTS AT A WATER AND SEWERAGE OPERATOR
Authors: Fülöp Árpád-Zoltán , Bakó Kinga-Erzsébet , Stanciu Alina
Published: July 2021

Knowing the costs of some activity is essential to a financial manager. Within costs it is important to group them into variable costs and fixed costs. The operation of an enterprise generates costs that with the help of the accounting records fail to group costs into the two large categories and a third category of costs arises, namely mixed costs. Mixed costs contain both fixed and variable costs and can only be separated by statistical methods. With the least-squares method, we can make this separation of mixed costs, respecting the conditions imposed by a statistical analysis. Very many use this method without analyzing the parametricity of the data, and the results obtained are of poor quality. In this article we have reviewed the literature on variable, mixed and fixed costs and the statistical model applied. In the research we applied the least-squares regression analysis to the water and sewage operator in Harghita County for the water activity for 2020 and 2019, comparing the results over the two years.

The results were also verified with the help of the IBM SPSS analysis program. The conclusion we have reached is that the method of the least-squares is very well applicable for the separation of mixed costs if the data collected at the accounting level are parametric as happens at the regional water operator Harviz S. A., where at the accounting level fixed, mixed and variable production costs are analytically highlighted. The decisions made on the basis of these costs are relevant and enable the undertaking to make the right decisions knowing its break-even point and the fixed costs it can incur.

Decisions are also relieved by the fact that fixed costs are highlighted in the two subcategories, namely: short-term fixed costs and long-term fixed costs. As a final conclusion, the decrease in production caused by the reduction in consumption in 2020 did not substantially change the variable costs separated from the mixed costs, so the method used provides support for correct decisions.
A SURVEY OF LITERATURE REVIEW ON BANK PREFORMANCE
Authors: Sinițîn Nina
Published: July 2021

This study analyses existing literature review studies on banking sector performance. Specially, this research aim is to identify topics of interest and development niche for this vast field. The paper presents a content analyses of 14 literature review on banking sector performance studies, selected using clear and transparency methodology. The content analysis of the papers identified that themes are diverse: banking performance and efficiency analysed using the DEA (Data Envelope Analysis) method, banking efficiency and risk, banking efficiency and competition, mobile banking and bank profitability. Based on selected papers this study identified that in recent years number of systematic literature revie studies increase, in the same time traditional literature review are decreasing.
The Radical Campaigns of John Baxter Langley
Authors: George David
Published: July 2021

Once notorious but now largely forgotten, the political idealist and radical John Baxter Langley was typical of the well-educated and ethical Victorians who struggled to create a fairer, more equal society. Through a long and wide-ranging career of political agitation he was a journalist, editor and owner of several newspapers, was prominent in the call for franchise reform, and opposed religious legislation that prevented Sunday entertainment and education for working men and women. Langley was also integral to the founding of a trade union, campaigned for an end to public executions and built affordable housing in Battersea. Internationally, he condemned the Second Opium War, exposed British brutality in India and worked covertly for Lincoln’s administration. He was a fellow-traveller for many other key radicals of the day, while his founding of the ‘Church of the Future’ garnered the support of Charles Darwin, James Martineau and John Stuart Mill. Through a chronological narrative of Langley's activities, this book provides an overview of many of the most significant political causes of the mid- to late nineteenth century. These include electoral reform, feminism, slavery, racism, trade unionism, workers' rights, the free press, leisure, prostitution, foreign relations and espionage. A neglected but important figure in the history of nineteenth-century radicalism, this work gives John Baxter Langley the attention he deserves and reveals the breadth of his legacy.
САЯСИ ҚҰНДЫЛЫҚТАР ТҰЖЫРЫМЫН ТАЛДАУ ЖӘНЕ ҚАЗАҚСТАНДЫҚТАРДЫҢ САЯСИ ҚҰНДЫЛЫҚТАРЫН ЗЕРТТЕУ
Authors: Тажитаева Райя Сейиловна
Published: July 2021

Бұл мақалада саясаттанудағы саяси құндылықтар ұғымын тұжырымдамалық тұрғыда талдаймыз. Мақала екі үлкен бөліктен тұрады. Алғашқы бөлігі концепциялық және теориялық зерттеулерге тоқталады, ал екінші бөлігі саяси құндылықтарды тәжірибелік тұрғыда зерттеу мәселелерін қарастырады, нақтырақ, қазақстандықтардың саяси құндылықтары туралы болады. Алдымен мақалада құндылықтар секілді абстракт түсінікті зерттеудің ерекшелектеріне тоқталамыз. Мақала саяси құндылықтарды зерттеуде қолданылатын әдістемелерді талдайды және ұсыныстар жасайды. Құндылықтар жеке адамның сенім жүйелеріне кіретіндіктен, бұл тақырыпты тәжірибелік тұрғыда зерттеу үшін пәнаралық әдістердің қолданылуы маңызды. Осы тұрғыдан мақала саяси құндылықтарды зерттеу әдістемесін толықтыратын сапалық зерттеу әдістерін ұсынады. Сонымен қатар, мақала қазақстандық қоғамның саяси құндылықтарын талдайды, осы тақырыптағы зерттеулерге шолу жасайды және саяси құндылықтардың әлеуметтік маңызына тоқталады. Қазақстандықтардың саяси құндылықтарын зерттеуде азаматтардың мәдени, этностық ерекшеліктерін ескеріп әлеуметтанулық талдау жүргізу қажеттігі ұсынылды. Мақала қазақстандықтардың саяси құндылықтарын талдау кезінде негізге алынып жүрген демократия, теңдік, әділеттілік, жеке бас тәуелсіздігі, сайлауға қатысу секілді ұғымдарды қарастырудың үстіртін әдістеме екенін, саяси құндылық ретінде халықтың өзі нені танитынына назар аудару қажеттігін алға тартады.
Impact of gender stereotypes on the formation of family reproductive behavior in a pandemic
Authors: Belgarayeva Ardak , Shedenova Nazym
Published: July 2021

The article examines some of the features of gender stereotypes in society as one of the important factors in the formation and development of the family, as a social institution. In all cultures, the family is the primary socializing agent for the child. The analysis of social interaction in everyday life sheds light on the operation of larger social systems and institutions. The author proves that gender issues, which have arisen in connection with the intensity of the development of society, with the growing importance of women’s participation in the public life of citizens, deserves attention in the aspect of modern gender relations.
Military and the Making of Modern South Africa
Authors: Seegers Annette
Published: July 2021

This book is a critical examination of the military and the police and their role in shaping the South African state during the 20th century, and especially during the past thirty years. Looking at the "security establishment" - the South African Defence Force (SADF), South African Police (SAP), the Department of Defence (DOD), the intelligence services (NIS), the State Security Council (SSC) and the arms industry (ARMSCOR), the nature of the South African state is examined including the importance of the military and the question of the state's position - police state, military dictatorship or a state with an important but essentially limited role for the military. The case is made for an even-handed moral approach in the state's military activity. This book provides histories of the military and police in the 19th and 20th centuries including first-hand accounts from retired officers and state employees. It contains much original thinking and analysis and shows how the South African state is now in crisis, trying to maintain minority rule or at least white influence, despite the inevitable end of the white minority state.
Auf des Messers Schneide
Authors: Kellerhoff Peter
Published: July 2021

Kochmesser: Damast-Messer bestehen aus unterschiedlichen Stahlsorten, die aufeinandergelegt, gefaltet und geschmiedet werden. So entstehen nicht nur eindrucksvolle Muster, sondern sie verleihen Damast-Messern eine hohe Schärfe und Härte. Von Peter Kellerhoff
Optimisation of edible oil effluent degredation by microorganisms
Authors:   , Surujlal Swastika
Published: July 2021

Water is a precious and very valuable resource. Water resource shortages are problems that are plaguing the world. There is therefore a high demand for tightening water quality standards for both potable water and waters in the environment. It is becoming a necessity to treat and reuse wastewaters, especially wastewaters from industries, as these waters are of concern due to their toxic effects on the environment. In South Africa one of the industries of major concern is that of the edible oil industry and there are over a dozen ofthese industries in South Africa alone. Each of these industries utilises approximately 1.75 million m3 of water and discharges approximately 0.61 million m3 to the sewer each year. This wastewater that is being released has very high organic, inorganic and fats, oils and greases loads. Depending on the type of refinery process conducted on the crude oil, the effluent quality and quantity varies on a day to day basis. The two types of refinery procedures are the physical refining, where water is used or chemical refining where caustic soda is used. The organic load ofthe untreated effluent can range from 1 100 to 8 990 mg COD/L, the oils and greases can range from 80 to 1 360 mg/L and the pH can range from 1.8 to 10.5.
Evaluation of the bleach-enhancing effects of xylanases on bagasse-soda pupil
Authors:   , Bissoon Sadhvir
Published: July 2021

The extent of diffusion and surface modification of a purified 23.6 kDa xylanase isolated from Thermomyces lanuginosus on bagasse pulp was evaluated. Polyclonal anti-xylanase antibodies were raised in two rabbits and in conjunction with immunogold labeling and microscopic studies enzyme diffusion and degradation studies were performed. The purity of the xylanase was confirmed by SDS-PAGE and western blots confirmed the antigen-antibody hybrid on the nitrocellulose membrane.
Development and microbial community analysis of a biological treatment process for edible oil effluent
Authors:   , Bux Faizal
Published: July 2021

Globally, wastewaters emanating from edible oil manufacturers contain high organic (BOD & COD) and phosphate loads and known for creating shock-loading problems for the receiving wastewater treatment installations. Discharge of poor quality final effluents also negatively impact on and cause eutrophication of natural water sources such as rivers and dams. In South Africa, a large concentration ofthe edible industries are localized in the Pietermaritzburg region of Kwa-Zulu Natal and have been regularly associated with discharge of poor quality final effluent that did not subscribe to municipal regulation standards. Current treatment of choice for wastewater's in the edible oil industry have been limited primarily to dissolved air flotation combined with the use of chemical coagulants or physical separation of oil and grease via a gravity fat trap and subsequent pH correction. These physico-chemical methods have achieved limited success and the emulsified grease tends to clog sewer pipes and pumps producing poor quality effluents. Therefore, the aim of the current research was to develop suitable treatment technology focussing on adapting activated sludge process to remediate edible oil effluents and determine the microbial community of the process using novel molecular techniques.
Criteria based academic and vocational predictor elements for student selection in the National Diploma of Food Service Management programme
Authors:   , Koen Pauline Anne
Published: July 2021

As tertiary institutions, technikons are in the fortunate position that there is a demand for their educational programmes among prospective students, and an equally positive demand for technikon diplomates from the relevant industries who require skilled manpower. Unfortunately resources are limited and thus technikons cannot admit all the applicants who apply for the various courses. For this reason it has become essential to select only those candidates who are most likely to complete the educational training programmes, and fit successfully into the job market. When the value and nature of technikon education are compared to those of a university education, it seems appropriate that their respective students should possess different qualities and abilities, which should be accommodated in the selection criteria governing enrolment.
Invertase production by Saccharomyces cerevisiae Y07 and Y09 strains grown on sugarcane blackstrap molasses
Authors:   , Maharaj Anesh Dawnarian
Published: July 2021

Yeast invertase is used in the sugar industry to produce high-test molasses in South Africa. Invertase also has important applications in the sweet and confectionery industry. Currently, NCP Yeast (PTY) Ltd. (Durban) is producing high invertase activity yeast by fermentation of S. cerevisiae Y07, using sugar cane blackstrap molasses as a substrate. There are two problems with this fermentation
Directed evolution of B-xylanase from Thermomyces lanugtnosus
Authors:   , Stephens Dawn Elizabeth
Published: July 2021

Most natural enzymes may be unsuitable for biotechnological processes since they have evolved over millions of years to acquire their specific biological functions. Such enzymes are often genetically altered to suit the rigours of industrial processes. Directed evolution is one such strategy and makes use of iterative rounds of random mutagenesis, screening and recombination to enhance the existing properties of enzymes. Thermomyces lanuginosus is a thermophilic fungus that produces high levels of a thermostable xylanase. The xylanase gene from T lanuginosus DSM 5826 (xynA) was functionally expressed in E. coli as a LacZ-fusion protein (Schlacher et al., 1996) and later crystallized (Gruber et al., 1998). In this study, it was undertaken to improve the thermo stability and catalytic activity of xynA using error-prone PCR with different concentrations of MnCh. The first step prior to mutagenesis was to determine the levels of xylanase that could be attained by the wild type XynA, both in the presence and absence of an inducer. IPTG, a lactose analogue, was used since xynA was expressed with a lac promoter. High amounts of IPTG were found to adversely affect xylanase production, whilst a low amount (0.1 mM) enhanced xylanase production. This amount was used to later induce xylanase production by the variants obtained after mutagenesis. IPTG was found to increase the rate and production of xylanase. After random mutagenesis of xynA, transformed colonies were first selected for xylanase production on 0.4% Remazol Brilliant Blue xylan and then screened at different temperatures for improved stability and activity. After the first round of screening, four variants, viz., IB5, IB7, IBLl and ID2, showed slight improvement in both stability and activity and were subjected to further mutagenesis, using low concentrations of MnCh. Three variants, viz., 2B7-1O, 2B7-6 and 2BIl-16, with markedly enhanced stability, were obtained. Variant 2B7-10 exhibited a five fold higher activity (3430 nkat/ug total protein) than the wild type XynA (657 nkatl ug total protein). It retained 71% of its activity after treatment at 80°C for 60 min and had a t1/2of 215 min at 70°C, which is higher than that attained by XynA. Long-term thermo stability screening at 70, 80, 90 and 100°C revealed that variants 2B7-6 and 2B11-16 were, however, the most stable enzymes generated in this study, although their activities were lower or almost comparable with their parents. Sequence analysis of variant ID2 revealed 4 amino acid substitutions within the a-helix of the protein. This region was strongly conserved with the more stable variant xylanases generated in this study. The most profound mutation seen with variant 2B7-10 was the disruption of the disulphide bridge. Most of the mutants obtained in this study displayed a trade-off between stability and activity, the exception being mutant 2B7-10. Currently, DNA shuffling techniques are being used to recombine these traits in a single xylanase.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning Terhadap Hasil Belajar Peserta Didik SDN 008 Camba-Camba Polewali Mandar
Authors: Nawir Munawir Anas
Published: July 2021

Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode pre-experimental designs yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya pengaruh penerapan model pembelajaran problem based learning terhadap hasil belajar matematika peserta didik kelas V SDN 008 Camba-camba Kabupaten Polewali Mandar. Variabel bebas dalam penelitian ini adalah penerapan model model pembelajaran problem based learning dan variabel terikatnya adalah hasil belajar matematika. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh peserta didik kelas V SDN 008 Camba-camba Kabupaten Polewali Mandar dengan jumlah peserta didik 29 orang, seangkan sampelnya adalah seluruh jumlah populasi yang berjumlah 29 orang peserta didik. Data hasil penelitian diperoleh dengan menggunakan lembar observasi dan tes hasil belajar matematika berupa pretest dan posttest. Data tersebut dianalisis dengan dua macam teknik analisis statistik, yaitu analisis deskriptif dan analisis infrensial dengan menggunakan program SPSS windows versi 23. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kegiatan pembelajaran di kelas peserta didik terlihat aktif, kreatif, terfokus dan bersemangat dalam belajar. Hasil tes pretes dan posttes menunjukkan adanya peningkatan rata-rata hasil belajar siswa. Rata-rata hasil belajar pretest yaitu 38,60 berada pada rentang kategori rendah, sedangkan pada rata-rata hasil belajar posttest yaitu 71,60 pada rentang kategori tinggi. Hasil analisis inferensial yaitu menggunakan uji-t paired sample test diperoleh data Sig. < ? = 0.05 (0.00 < ? = 0.05) artinya H0 Ditolak. Hal ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh penerapan model pembelajaran problem based learning terhadap hasil belajar matematika peserta didik kelas V SDN 008 Camba-camba Kabupaten Polewali Mandar.
Penggunaan Metode Demonstrasi untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Ipa Siswa Kelas VI pada Materi Gaya dan Gerak di SDI Habiratin
Authors: Blupur Fransiska
Published: July 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar IPA siswa kelas VI khususnya pada materi gaya dan gerak di SDI Habiratin. Beberapa hal yang dapat dilakukan guru agar pembelajaran menjadi lebih bermakna bagi peserta didik, antara lain: memiliki metode strategi dan model pembelajaran yang sesuai sehingga dapat menemukan yang sesuai bagi dirinya. Apabila guru telah menemukan model strategi, metode yang tepat dan sesuai bagi dirinya dan anak didik maka suasana pembelajaran menjadi lebih kreatif, dinamis, tidak monoton dan menyenangkan, sehingga dapat memberikan rasa puas bagi anak didik. Dampak selanjutnya adalah pemahaman terhadap konsep-konsep IPA yang dipelajari anak didik menjadi lebih bermakna, lebih kuat dan berdaya guna, sehingga hasil belajar anak didik menjadi lebih baik. Salah satu model pembelajaran yang dapat dilakukan guru adalah metode demonstrasi. Subjek dalam penelitian siswa kelas VI SDI Habiratin semester I tahun pelajaran 2019/2020 yang terdiri dari 12 siswa. Prosedur penelitian yang digunakan yaitu prosedur jenis penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilaksanakan dalam 2 siklus, setiap siklus terdiri dari 4 tahapan yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengamatan, dan refleksi. hasil belajar siswa yang tergolong dalam kategori tuntas pada tes pendahuluan  hanya 46,87% (5 Siswa), siklus I sebesar 75,00% (7 Siswa) sedangkan pada siklus II mencapai 96,87% (10 Siswa), dengan demikian kategori hasil belajar siswa yang tergolong tuntas mengalami peningkatan sebesar 21,87%. Hasil belajar siswa yang tergolong dalam kategori tidak tuntas pada siklus I sebesar 25,00% (3 Siswa) sedangkan pada siklus II  sebesar 3,13% (0 Siswa) dengan demikian kategori hasil belajar siswa yang tergolong tidak tuntas mengalami penurunanan sebesar 21,87%. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan metode demonstrasi pada mata pelajaran IPA materi Gaya dan Gerak dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa kelas VI SDI Habiratin.
Penerapan Pendekatan Supervisi Akademik Kolaboratif untuk Meningkatkan Kompetensi Guru di SDN Tanah Merah
Authors: Sika Stanislaus
Published: July 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk meningkatkan kompetensi profesional guru di SDN Tanah Merah dihasilkan dua hal berikut: (1) Proses supervisi dengan menerapkan pendekatan supervisi kolaboratif secara spesifik terdiri dari tahap pra-supervisi kolaboratif, supervisi kolaboratif dan pasca-supervisi kolaboratif. Proses supervisi dengan menerapkan pendekatan supervisi kolaboratif mengalami perkembangan dari siklus I ke siklus II. Pada tahap pra-supervisi kolaboratif siklus I, curah pendapat tidak berjalan dengan efektif karenakepala sekolah tidak melakukan koordinasi dengan semua guru dan tidak menjelaskan teknis supervisi kolaboratif yang akan dilaksanakan diantaranya mengindentifikasi masalah-masalah krusial ketika guru melaksanakan kinerja profesionalnya, mencatat dan membawanya pada saat curah pendapat dan diskusi bersama kepala sekolah dan guru lainnya. Kemudian pada siklus II, kepala sekolah melakukan koordinasi dengan semua guru dan menjelaskan teknis supervisi kolaboratif yang akan dilaksanakan serta menguatkan dan menegaskan kepada guru untuk menyiapkan kelengkapan terkait kinerja profesionalnya sehingga curah pendapat dan diskusi berjalan dengan tertib dan efektif; (2) Peningkatan kompetensi profesional guru di SDN Tanah Merah dari pra-siklus ke siklus Isebesar 18,18 poin. Rata-rata kompetensi profesional guru pada pra-siklus sebesar 52,27 dengan kriteria kurang dan pada siklus I sebesar 70,45 dengan kriteria cukup. Kompetensi profesional guru juga mengalami peningkatan dari siklus I ke siklus II sebesar 18,19 poin. Rata-rata kompetensi profesional guru pada siklus II sebesar 88,64 dengan kriteria baik. Jadi, dapat disimpulkan bahwa kompetensi profesional guru di SDN Tanah Merah dapat ditingkatkan melalui penerapan pendekatan supervisi kolaboratif.
Pengaruh Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja dan Motivasi Kerja Terhadap Produktivitas Kerja Karyawan PT Maritim Barito Perkasa Banjarmasin
Authors: Nasution Muhammad Darwis Meyandie , Mada Ambrosius Alex , Asnawi Asnawi , Rudiansyah Muhammad , Wahab Abdul
Published: July 2021

Setiap perusahaan ingin meningkatkan produktivitas kerja. Produktivitas kerja dipengaruhi oleh keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja serta motivasi kerja. Untuk menganalisis pengaruh keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja serta motivasi kerja terhadap produktivitas, diadakan penelitian di Assist Tug Terminal Taboneo PT Maritim Barito Perkasa Banjarmasin. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif. Populasi adalah karyawan Assist Tug Terminal Taboneo PT Maritim Barito Perkasa Banjarmasin. Populasi terdiri dari 50 karyawan. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan sensus. Sampel penelitian ini adalah 50 karyawan. Teknik pengumpulan datanya adalah kuesioner. Data dianalisis dengan regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja serta motivasi kerja berpengaruh signifikan terhadap produktivitas kerja. Variabel keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja lebih dominan dibandingkan variabel motivasi yang berpengaruh terhadap produktivitas kerja karyawan. Namun variabel-variabel tersebut yang berpengaruh terhadap produktivitas kerja. Sehingga Kepala Assist Tug Terminal Taboneo PT Maritim Barito Perkasa Banjarmasin dapat meningkatkan keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja serta motivasi kerja karena variabel-variabel tersebut berpengaruh signifikan terhadap produktivitas kerja.
කෝවිඩ් - 19 ගෝලීය වසංගත තත්ත්වය තුළ ආගමික නායකයන්ගේ අභිමත භූමිකා අට පිළිබඳ CORRECT-19 ආකෘතිය
Authors: විජේසේකර NWANY , ජයසිංහ දිමන්ත
Published: July 2021

ආපදා, හදිසි තත්ත්ව, ගැටලුකාරී අවස්ථා ආදී වූ විවිධ අභියෝගාත්මක අවස්ථාවන්හිදී ආගමික නායකයින්ගේ උපකාරය නන් අයුරින් සමාජයට ලැබේ. කෝවිඩ්-19 කාල පරිච්ඡේදයද, ලෝකයේ විවිධ ප්‍රජාවන්ට ඔවුන් දක්වන එම දායකත්වය පිළිඹිබු වන අවස්ථාවකි. නමුත්, ඇතැම් ආගමික නායකයින් මෙම ව්‍යසනය පාලනයට ලබා දී ඇති උපදෙස් වලට පටහැනිව ක්‍රියා කළ අවස්ථා ද දක්නට ලැබේ, නිදසුනක් ලෙස, සෞඛ්‍යය අමාත්‍යාංශය විසින් ලබා දී ඇති උපදෙස් වලට අවනත නොවන අයුරින් පිරිස් එක් රැස් වන ආගමික වැඩසටහන් පැවැත්වීම දැක්විය හැකිය. එමනිසා, මෙම ව්‍යසනකාරී තත්ත්වය තුළ ඒ සඳහා ආගමික නායකයින්ගේ භූමිකාව ධනාත්මක හා ඍණාත්මක යන දෙආකාරයෙන් ම බලපැවැත්වන බව පැහැදිළි වේ. Resilience Research, Training and Consulting ආයතනය Awareness with Human Action (AHA) ව්‍යාපෘතියේ දායකත්වයෙන් හා යුරෝපා සංගමයේ අනුග්‍රාහකත්වයෙන් කෝවිඩ් 19 (කොරෝනා) ගෝලීය වසංගත තත්වය තුළ ආගමික දායකත්වය තුළින් ප්‍රජාව සවිබල ගැන්වීම (CORRECT-19) යන තේමාව යටතේ ව්‍යාපෘතියත් දියත් කරනු ලැබේ. CORRECT-19 ව්‍යාපෘතියෙහි කොටසක් ලෙස, අප විසින් ශ්‍රී ලංකාවේ විවිධ ආගමික, ඇදහිලි/ විශ්වාස, සහ ආධ්‍යාත්මික සම්ප්‍රදායන් වලට අයත් නායකයින් සමඟ කෝවිඩ්-19 තත්ත්වය තුළ ඔවුන්ගේ දායකත්වය පිළිබඳව කණ්ඩායම් සාකච්ඡා සහ පුද්ගලික සම්මුඛ සාකච්ඡා සිදු කරනු ලැබේ. මෙහිදී, අප විසින් අපේක්ෂිත චර්යා, අනපේක්ෂිත චර්යා සහ අපේක්ෂිත භූමිකා හඳුනා ගැනීම සඳහා ප්‍රමුඛ බටහිර වෛද්‍ය හා වසංගත රෝග පර්යෙෂණ ක්‍රම අපේක්ෂිත/ අනපේක්ෂිත චර්යා හඳුනා ගැනීමෙහි ප්‍රධාන සාධකය ලෙස භාවිතා කරමින් අන්තර්ගත විශ්ලේෂණයක් සිදු කරන ලදි. CORRECT-19 ආකෘතිය කෝවිඩ්-19 ව්‍යසන කාලය තුළ ආගමික නායකයින්ගෙන් අපේක්ෂිත භූමිකා 8ක් ඔස්සේ අධ්‍යනය කෙරෙයි, එනම්, ආගමික මඟපෙන්වන්නා, සෞඛ්‍ය ප්‍රවර්ධක, හෘදයාංගම මිතුරා, සමාජ සේවක, ප්‍රජා බලමුළුකරු, ජාලකරු, සාමකරු හා උද්දේශකරු යනාදියයි. මෙම භූමිකා 8 නිර්මාණය කීරීමෙහිලා අපගේ අභිලාෂය වනුයේ පවතින තත්ත්වය හමුවේ ආගමික නායකයෙකුගෙන් බලාපොරොත්තු වන කාර්යභාරය නිරූපණය කර දැක්වීමයි. මෙම භූමිකා අට විදහා දැක්වෙන CORRECT-19 ආකෘතිය කෝවිඩ්-19 මැඩලීමට ආගමික නායකයින් ක්‍රියාකාරී හා ඵලදායී ලෙස මැදිහත් වන ආකාරය දක්වන සන්නිවේදන හා දැනුවත්භාවය ඇති කිරීමේ මෙවලමකි.
Voting and Social Media-Based Political Participation
Authors: Göbel Sascha
Published: July 2021

Does online political involvement reinforce or compensate participatory deficiencies at the polls? Extant survey evidence portrays online participation as a weapon of the strong, wielded by a highly politically involved, white, and affluent subset of the American electorate. Surveys face systematic sampling and measurement errors in the domain of political participation, though. In this study, I revisit this question using individual voter registration records that I integrate with observed Twitter activity. Based on a large sample that reflects Florida’s voting-eligible population, I find that political involvement on Twitter is prevalent across the electorate and extends to those most likely to abstain from voting. Moreover, race and income, which are salient dividing lines in voting, do not structure social media-based political participation. These results challenge reinforcement theory and substantiate social media’s compensatory potential for more inclusive representation. I discuss implications for political representation and future research examining political involvement.
FIRST ROOTED, THEN GROUNDED: THE POSITION OF THE CHURCH INSTITUTION IN KUYPER’S ECCLESIOLOGY
Authors: Harefa Surya
Published: July 2021

This article revisits the position of the institutional church in the ecclesiology of Abraham Kuyper (1837—1920). Following the growing interest in the life and work of Kuyper in North America, some scholars pay attention to the importance of his ecclesiology. However, it is common to consider that Kuyper in his later life preferred the aspect of the church as organism and thus marginalizing the church as institution. After exploring his ecclesiological concept on the distinction of the church as organism and institution, this paper examines several major works of Kuyper on the institutional church written in his later life. Finding that Kuyper consistently viewed the institutional church highly, I argue that his restriction toward the church as insitution is to strengthen and provide a stable position of the institutional church in modern society.

KEYWORDS: Kuyper, church as institution, church as organism, public theology
CHILDLIKE REVERENCE AND TRUST: CALVIN AND THE HEIDELBERG CATECHISM ON PRAYER
Authors: Huijgen Arnold
Published: July 2021

Prayer is a central theme in both Calvin's Institutes and the Heidelberg Catechism, although it is a neglected theme in present-day dogmatics. The present article compares Calvin's and the Heidelberg Catechism's stance on prayer in the context of the renewal of prayer as an effect of the Reformation of the 16th century. Both emphasise the experiential character of prayer and the importance of God's promise. The discussion of 'Amen' serves as a grand finale to the Heidelberg Catechism.

KEYWORDS: Calvin, Heidelberg Catechism, prayer, promise, Reformation, experience.
PREFERENSI HABITAT PERSARANGAN PENYU DI KAWASAN PULAU KECIL
Authors: PARINDING ZETH
Published: July 2021

Penyu melakukan persarangan di setiap kawasan pulau kecil pada Bentang Laut Kepala Burung Papua dipengaruhi preferensinya terhadap tekstur pasir dan jenis-jenis tanaman naungan dan perakarannya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasikan preferensi habitat persarangan bagi penyu baik tekstur pasir maupun jenis-jenis tumbuhan sekitar persarangan pada kawasan pulau kecil yakni Pulau Venu (SML, Kaimana) dan Pulau Wairundi (TNTC, Teluk Wondama).  Metode penelitian menggunakan metode kuantitatif survey menggunakan Aplikasi SPSS versi 20 dengan uji Chi square. Substrat pasir, yang diambil pada kedalaman 50cm, dilakukan pengujian tekstur pasir menggunakan alat sieve shakers, untuk menentukan butiran pasir bertektur halus, pasir bertektur sedang, dan pasir bertektur kasar. Selanjutnya jenis-jenis tumbuhan naungan dan perakarannya diukur dari sarang terdekat. Preferensi habitat persarangan penyu pada kawasan pulau kecil di Bentang Laut Kepala Burung Papua ditemukan pada pasir bertekstur sedang, dan jenis-jenis tumbuhan adalah Tournefortia argentea dan  Scaeveola taccada.
OPTIMALISASI PERSEDIAAN BAHAN BAKU DALAM PRODUKSI JAMU SINOM PADA PO ROSYADA, GRESIK, JAWA TIMUR
Authors: LINOVEKA INTAN RIZKY , YUSWITA EFFY , PARIASA IMANIAR ILMI
Published: July 2021

Bahan baku adalah salah satu faktor penting yang mempengaruhi keberlangsungan proses produksi. pengendalian persediaan bahan baku juga perlu dilakukan agar terhindar dari kondisi kekurangan bahan baku dan juga bahan-bahan baku yang sudah dibeli dapat dimanfaatkan semaksimal mungkin. Maka dari itu, penelitian ini diharapkan dapat membantu usaha-usaha terkait agar dapat menentukan persediaan bahan baku yang efektif, sehingga proses produksi dapat terus berjalan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pelaksanaan pengendalian persediaan bahan baku di PO Rosyada, menganalisis pengendalian persediaan bahan baku dengan menggunakan metode Economic Order Quantity (EOQ), menganalisis perbandingan total biaya yang dikeluarkan untuk persediaan bahan baku yang sudah dilaksanakan (sebelum metode EOQ) dan setelah menggunakan metode Economic Order Quantity (EOQ). Pendekatan penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Teknik analisis data menggunakan Economic Order Quantity, Reorder Point, Safety Stock, dan Total Inventory Costs. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah PO Rosyada masih menggunakan metode konvensional dalam melakukan pengendalian persediaan bahan baku. Setelah melakukan pengendalian bahan baku menggunakan metode EOQ, kuantitas bahan baku yang harus dipesan yaitu 92,98 kg dengan frekuensi pemesanan sebanyak 15 kali dalam setahun. Titik pemesanan kembali yaitu ketika bahan baku tersisa 32,7 kg dengan persediaan pengamanan sebanyak 23,82 kg. Biaya yang dikeluarkan sebelum menggunakan EOQ adalah Rp 588.514, sedangkan setelah menggunakan EOQ adalah Rp 267.982. Hal ini dapat menghemat biaya persediaan hingga 54,46%.
PENERAPAN MODEL BIMBINGAN BERBASIS LEMBAR KERJA DALAM PENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN GURU MENYUSUN INSTRUMEN PENILAIAN TES TERTULIS
Authors: MUNAWARAH RAUDLATUL
Published: July 2021

Penelitian tindakan sekolah ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan informasi tentang penerapan model bimbingan berbasis lembar kerja dalam meningkatkan kemampuan guru menyusun instrumen penilaian bentuk tes tertulis. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di MAN 1 HSU dengan subjek penelitian sebanyak 24 orang guru. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan 2 siklus dengan tahapan kegiatan mulai perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengamatan/observasi dan refleksi. Data berupa kompetensi yang dicapai guru dalam menyusun tes bentuk tertulis diperoleh dengan melakukan penskoran terhadap hasil jawaban. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan model Bimbingan Berbasis Lembar Kerja (LK) dapat meningkatkan kemampuan guru dalam menyusun instrumen penilaian bentuk tes tertulis di MAN 1 HSU.
UPAYA PENINGKATAN KERJA ILMIAH SISWA MELALUI PENERAPAN MODEL SIKLUS BELAJAR BERBASIS INKUIRI PADA PEMBELAJARAN IPA
Authors: SUYATI SUYATI
Published: July 2021

Tujuan penelitian adalah (1) Meningkatkan kerja ilmiah siswa melalui penerapan model siklus belajar berbasis inkuiri pada pembelajaran IPA siswa kelas IX E tentang materi listrik dinamis  SMP Negeri 1 Kawedanan tahun pelajaran 2019/2020  dan (2) Mengetahui persepsi siswa terhadap penerapan model siklus belajar berbasis inkuiri pada pembelajaran IPA siswa kelas IX E tentang materi listrik dinamis  SMP Negeri 1 Kawedanan tahun pelajaran 2019/2020  .Strategi penelitiannya adalah menggunakan pendekatan penelitian kualitatif yaitu PTK, dengan strategi analisis data bersifat siklus. Sampel penelitian menggunakan non probability sampling dengan cara purposive sampling, yaitu kelas IX E berjumlah 32 siswa. Hasil penelitian ini  membuktikan bahwa siswa memberikan respon positif terhadap pembelajaran dengan menggunakan metode inkuiri melalui siklus belajar baik pada siklus I dan siklus II. Persentase ketertarikan mereka meningkat dari siklus I yaitu 92% menjadi 94% pada siklus II. Dengan demikian mereka semakin tertarik dengan metode tersebut. Ketertarikan tersebut menurut mereka karena metode ini mudah dilakukan (siklus I sebesar 77% dan siklus II 86%). Ketertarikan mereka dibuktikan dengan ingin menerapkan metode ini pada setiap pembelajaran fisika yaitu pada siklus I sebanyak 92% dan tetap menunjukkan angka  yang sama pada siklus II. Begitu juga pada siklus I dan siklus II mereka menginginkan pembelajaran dengan metode inkuiri diterapkan pada materi IPA lainya (83%).
PENDEKATAN RAMAH ANAK DALAM MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR SISWA PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 DI SDN 1 KILANG KABUPATEN LOMBOK TIMUR
Authors: SUHARDI MUHAMAD , HAROMAIN HAROMAIN , WIDA WIDA
Published: July 2021

Tujuan penelitian dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan rancangan studi kasusdiharapkan melalui pendekatan ramah anak siswa mampu meningkatkan motivasi belajarpada masa pandemic covid-19. Pendekatan ramah anak dalam pembelajaran masa pandemiccovid-19 yang dilaksanakan melalui pembelajaran dalam jaringan (daring) ramah anak danpembelajaran luar jaringan (luring) ramah anak. Data yang diambil dalam penelitian inimerupakan data hasil wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Dalam pelaksanaan pendekatanramah anak pada proses pembelajaran daring dan luring diperoleh hasil yang sesuai denganapa yang diharapkan meskipun masih ada kendala dalam pelaksanaanya. Hal ini terlihat padahasil wawancara yang dilakukan peneliti, bahwa ada suasana positif yang terjadi ketikapembelajaran dilaksanakan. Dimana guru dan siswa sangat antusias bahkan semangat dalamproses pelaksanaanya. Tentunya dalam proses pendekatan pembelajarannya guru dan siswaselalu menerapkan budaya 5S yaitu budaya senyum, salam, sapa, santun dan sabar. Dengandemikian dapat dikemukakan bahwa pendekatan ramah anak dengan menggunakanpendekatan kualitatif dan rancangan studi kasus mampu meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswapada masa pandemic covid-19 di SDN 1 Kilang, Kabupaten Lombok Timur.
MODEL DISCOVERY LEARNING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KETELITIAN DAN KETERAMPILAN MEMBACA SISWA
Authors: HARLITA DESTA , HADIYANTI AGNES HERLINA DWI , SAPTORO ALBERTUS
Published: July 2021

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh Ketelitian dan keterampilan membaca menjadi kendala bagisiswa kelas II SD Kanisius Demangan Baru. Dimana hasil belajar sangat dipengaruhi denganbagaimana guru memilih model penyampaian materi di kelas. Maka dari itu tujuan penelitianadalah memberikan referensi terkait model pembelajaran yang dalam penerapannya telah terbuktimeningkatkan hasil belajar siswa. Jenis penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas. Penelitianini dilakukan di SD Kanisius Demangan Baru. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknikobservasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan modelpembelajaran Discovery Learning dapat meningkatkan ketelitian dan keterampilan membaca. Halini ditunjukan dari data skor rata-rata awal ketelitian siswa yaitu 46,4, setelah akhir siklus I meningkat sebesar 58, dan siklus II sebesar 86 serta rata-rata awal keterampilan membaca siswa yaitu 51, setelah akhir siklus I meningkat sebesar 61, dan siklus II sebesar 82.
INOVASI PEMBELAJARAN DENGAN MODEL BLENDED LEARNING DI MASA PANDEMI COVID 19 (Studi Kasus Di Sekolah Berbasis Pesantren SMK Maarif NU Ciamis)
Authors: PERMANA DENI , KUDSI IDIS , SALAM MAFTUH , IRIANTARA YOSIAL , BARLIAN UJANG CEPI
Published: July 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memperoleh data dan informasi tentang:  pelaksanaan pembelajaran dengan model blended learning menggunakan system luring dan daring (campuran) pada masa pandemi covid 19 di SMK Maarif NU Ciamis. Metode yang dipergunakan dalam penulisan ini adalah  penelitian kepustakaan (library research) dengan penekanan bahwa informasi tentang obyek penelitian bersumber dari literatur kepustakaan dan bersifat deskriptif analitik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 1) pelaksanaan pembelajaran dengan model blended learning menggunakan system luring atau tatap muka pada masa pandemi covid 19 di SMK Maarif NU Ciamis dengan tidak memanfaatkan jaringan internet (offline). Sistem pembelajaran luring merupakan sistem pembelajaran yang memerlukan tatap muka. Pada pelaksanaan pembelajaran luring, sekolah menerapkan pedoman penyelenggaraan pembelajaran pada masa pandemi Covid 19 dengan tetap mentaati protocol kesehatan, yaitu Wajib menggunakan masker, cek suhu, dan sekolah menerapkan sistem pembelajaran tatap muka selama 2 hari secara bergantian dan pembatasan jam pembelajaran dimana durasi KBM hanya berlangsung 2 jam.  Metode luring dalam pelaksanaannya adalah dengan membuat kelompok-kelompok kecil per kelas yang dibagi menurut tempat tinggal santri atau kobong, yang dimana nantinya ada ketua di setiap kobong. Setiap ketua kelompok kecil tersebut diberikan tanggung jawab untuk mengkoordinir anggota kelompok di kobong yang sama. Selanjutnya ketua kelompok diberikan suatu tugas dari guru untuk mendistribusikan soal atau tugas kepada anggota kelompoknya dan saat penugasan itu sudah selesai, ketua kelompok tersebutlah yang menyerahkan tugasnya kepada guru; 2) Pelaksanaan pembelajaran dengan model blended learning menggunakan system daring pada masa pandemi covid 19 di SMK Maarif NU Ciamis dilakukan dengan menggunakan kombinasi berbagai aplikasi baik fitur-fitur yang memudahkan kegiatan belajar, seperti Whatsapp Group, Google Classroom, Youtube, Ebook dan Powerpoint. Ruang kelas secara virtual dibuat dengan menggunakan Google Classroom dan WhatsApp Grup (WAG). Google classroom merupakan salah satu LMS yang dapat dimanfaatkan pada proses pembelajaran online. LMS ini didukung berbagai fitur yang dapat dielaborasi untuk mendukung proses pembelajaran. Aplikasi ini dapat diimplementasikan pada materi saintik, sochum, dan materi-materi pembelajaran yang terkait dengan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi.
UPAYA GURU DALAM MENINGKATKAN PRESTASI BELAJAR AKUNTANSI MENGGUNAKAN MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING PEMBELAJARAN AKUNTANSI KOMPETENSI MENGELOLA KARTU PERSEDIAAN PADA SISWA KELAS XI AKUNTANSI SMK NEGERI 1 SAMBAS TAHUN AJARAN 2017/2018
Authors: ELLYZARD ELLYZARD
Published: July 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan prestasi belajar akuntansi pada kompetensi mengelola kartu persediaan dengan penerapan model pembelajaran problem based learning. Jenis penelitian ini yaitu penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus. Tiap siklus terdiri dari empat tahap, yaitu perencanaan, tindakan, pengamatan, dan refleksi. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XI Akuntansi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning dapat meningkatkan Prestasi Belajar Akuntansi Siswa pada Kompetensi Mengelola Kartu Persediaan, terbukti dari nilai rata-rata prestasi belajar Akuntansi sebelum dilakukan tindakan adalah 69,36 dengan persentase ketercapaian KKM sebesar 40,91%, setelah dilakukan tindakan pada siklus I nilai rata-rata mengalami peningkatan sebesar 1,59 menjadi 70,95 dengan persentase ketercapaian KKM sebesar 61,90%. Pada siklus II nilai rata-rata siswa meningkat menjadi 93,86 (2) Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning dalam pembelajaran Akuntansi kompetensi Mengelola Kartu Persediaan mendapatkan respon yang positif dari siswa kelas XI Akuntansi SMK Negeri 1 Sambas.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN COOPERATIVE LEARNING TIPE STAD UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR DASAR-DASAR PAKAN TERNAK KELAS X ATR 2 SMK NEGERI 1 CANGKRINGAN
Authors: MAYASARI BETTY
Published: July 2021

Guru mata pelajaran Dasar-dasar Pakan Ternak di SMK Negeri 1 Cangkringan merasakan rendahnya hasil belajar Dasar-dasar Pakan Ternak yang diperoleh siswa selama ini. Penggunaan suatu metode coopertif learning untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa perlu dicoba. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk miningkatkan hasil belajar siswa dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran Cooperative Learning tipe STAD pada mata pelajaran/kompetensi Dasar-dasar Pakan Ternak pada peserta didik SMK Negeri 1 Cangkringan kelas X ATR 2.  Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Agustus sampai dengan bulan November  tahun 2019.  Subyek penelitian tindakan kelas adalah peserta didik kelas X ATR 2  SMK Negeri 1 Cangkringan  tahun pelajaran 2019/2020 yang berjumlah 35 orang peserta didik Dalam penelitian tindakan kelas ini pengambilan datanya menggunakan tes dan observasi. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh data peningkatan hasil belajar siswa. Hasil pada siklus I diperoleh nilai ketuntasan belajar kelas sebesar 80 % dan pada siklus II diperoleh nilai ketuntasan belajar klasikal sebesar 94,29%. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran cooperative learning tipe STAD untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar  dasar-dasar pakan ternak kelas X ATR 2 SMK Negeri 1 Cangkringan.
SUPERVISI AKADEMIK PADA PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN GURU DALAM MENYUSUN RENCANA PELAKSANAAN PEMBELAJARAN (RPP)
Authors: SUKIRNO SUKIRNO
Published: July 2021

Berdasarkan hasil evaluasi diri sekolah dan supervisi yang dilakukan terhadap guru di SMK Negeri 2 Sarolangun Provinsi Jambi, ditemukan bahwa kemampuan guru dalam menyusun RPP masih rendah. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan dan mendapatkan informasi tentang upaya meningkatkan Kompetensi Guru dalam menyusun RPP melalui Supervisi akademik di SMK Negeri 2 Sarolangun. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan sekolah (School Action Research). Prosedur penelitian dalam penelitian ini meliputi perencanaan, tindakan, obeservasi dan refleksi. Penelitian ini terdiri dari dua siklus dengan empat kali pertemuan. Subjek penelitian terdiri dari 30 orang guru di SMK Negeri 2 Sarolangun. Data penelitian dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan instrument penilaian. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa melalui supervisi akademik dapat meningkatkan Kompetensi Guru dalam menyusun Rencana Pelaksanaa Pembelajaran di SMK Negeri 2 Sarolangun. Hal ini dilihat dari kesiapan guru dalam pelaksanaan pembelajaran. Disamping itu berdasarkan hasil penilitian yang dilakukan nilai rata-rata RPP yang dibuat oleh guru juga mengalami peningkatan yaitu pada siklus 1 rata- rata nilai 70,10 dan pada siklus 2 dengan nilai rata-rata 80,5.

Kata Kunci: Supervisi Akademik, Kompetensi Guru, Menyusun RPP