bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enterprises in Yugoslavia as a Specialty of Workers' Self-Management System During Socialism (1945-1990)
Authors: Papajorgji Endri , Mëçalla Naim
Published: September 2021

In Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (hereinafter: SFRY) many laws were approved that regulated the legal capacity of economic organizations (Dobias, 1969);1 however, no law regulated the concept of the enterprise (Stipetić, 1982). The constitution of 13.1.1953 transformed in its Art 4 “state property” to "social property". In addition, workers' self-management of enterprises (economic organizations) was proclaimed as the basis of the social and political order. The work collective managed the assets of the companies on behalf of the company, while the state was responsible for day-to-day management and the funds needed for production (Prasnikar, Svejnar, Mihaljek & Prasnikar, 1994). In this sense, the implementation of participative management systems reflects the intentions of the political leadership to decentralize and liberalize economic life (Zeffane, 1988). The company was not a commercial company, as it is known in the West, but a production cooperative that was not in a membership relationship with the workers (because then they would be equal to a public company), but in an employment relationship (Spaić, 1960). The company was self-sufficient in terms of its internal organization and management, planning its economic activity, the distribution and use of income, the signing of contracts and the formation of economic associations (Pretnar, 1961). The self-administration law, ie the right of the work collectives to the administration of the commercial enterprises, could be called civil-law or property-law authority, because the work collectives would not have possessed a real self-administration right, without such a competence. In this sense, main objective of this manuscript is the analysis of enterprises in Yugoslavia as a specialty of both systems, capitalism and socialism. Main objective of this manuscript is the Analysis of Enterprises in Yugoslavia as a specialty of workers' self-management system from 1963 -1990
 
Received: 16 June 2021 / Accepted: 3 August 2021 / Published: 5 September 2021
Creative Procedure of Bin Products for Children
Authors: Egwutvongsa Songwut , Setvisat Somchai
Published: September 2021

This research had the objective to design children’s bins and make a comparison of the new and old bin patterns. The group sampling consisted of 652 participants composed of the students and personnel in a school in Khlong Kum District, Bangkok, Thailand. For this case, multistage random sampling was used with 234 participants, and the research tools were composed of five-point Likert scale questionnaires that were measured with Cronbach’s alpha coefficient with a level of 0.91, independent t-test and multiple regression analysis. From the above information, it was found that the influencing factors to the children’s bin’s design involved the beauty (0.32), specific attributes, (0.24), morale (0.16), ergonomics (0.10), safety (0.07), application (0.07), and the materials (0.05). In addition, when testing the model, it was found that the new bin product patterns had the most satisfaction level ( =4.55; S.D.=0.30), followed by the original bin product patterns that had a moderate satisfaction level ( =3.08; S.D.=0.52). Finally, when comparing the differences of the satisfaction level by using the t-test statistics, it was found that the children’s satisfaction to the new bin patterns were at a higher level than the original ones with a statistical significance level of .05.
 
Received: 3 July 2021 / Accepted: 16 August 2021 / Published: 5 September 2021
Entanglement as a Hermeneutic Tool for Interpreting Humanities Texts: The Case of Oedipus the King and The Book of Job
Authors: Glasberg Ronald
Published: September 2021

The essay seeks to develop the foundations of a general hermeneutics, by which I mean a strategy of interpretation that not only encompasses the sciences and the humanities, but also seeks to integrate them.  More specifically, certain classic texts in the humanities (i.e., those deemed representative of certain cultural traditions) are accordingly interpreted by way of categories derived from physics.  In the present case, categories associated with quantum entanglement are applied to the classic or foundational humanities texts: Sophocles’ Oedipus the King and the Old Testament Book of Job. The main categories brought to bear in this experiment in hermeneutics are the following: (1) entanglement itself, (2) locality-non-locality, (3) realism-non-realism, (4) latent and manifest levels of reality, and (5) internality-externality. After an introductory section defining the foregoing categories, the second section applies them to the texts in question with a view to redefining the relationship between two major components of the ancient world: the Greco-Roman and the Hebraic.  The final section concludes the essay by outlining the framework of a general hermeneutics whereby schemas and objects of interpretation are structured in terms internality and externality.  The former pertains to mind and culture while the latter is associated with a non-conscious materiality.  Thus, four interpretive strategies can be deployed to give a comprehensive understanding of the world: (1) externalist schemas of interpretation applied to internalist objects of interpretation; (2) internalist schemas applied to externalist objects; (3) externalist schemas applied to externalist objects, and (4) internalist schemas applied to internalist objects.
 
Received: 8 July 2021 / Accepted: 19 August 2021 / Published: 5 September 2021
Guaranteeing the Right to Attend Higher Education of Vulnerable Groups and Minorities
Authors: Skënderaj Klodjan , Tota Naim
Published: September 2021

The right to education is a fundamental right of the person, which is recognized and guaranteed in Albania by international acts and domestic legislation. The right to education is a positive right, which not only must be recognized but it obligates the State to take all measures to enable its realization. However, this right is not an absolute right, which means that the State has the obligation to guarantee the right to education up to the 9-year system, while it is at the discretion of the individual to attend or not the secondary and higher education. The right to access education in the university system can be conditioned by a series of criteria set in laws and bylaws. This paper will analyze the innovations and conditions in the criteria provided by the law “On higher education” and its bylaws regarding university admission of students belonging to vulnerable groups such as minorities by combining the theoretical analysis with the practical implementation of these criteria.
 
Received: 14 June 2021 / Accepted: 4 August 2021 / Published: 5 September 2021
Translation, Re-translation, and the Reception of Arabic Literature in English: The Case of Ahlam Mostaghenami’s Novel Chaos of the Senses
Authors: Alzghoul Musa , Alazzam Tahani
Published: September 2021

The current study compares the two translations of Ahlam Mostaghenami’s second novel Fawda Al-Hawas into English as Chaos of the Senses by (Baria Ahmar Sreih, 2004) and Chaos of the Senses by (Nancy Roberts, 2015) and examines the reception of both translations in the English-speaking communities where they were circulated. The study seeks to find out answers to questions about: the reasons for retranslating Fawda Al-Hawas after a relatively short period of time after its first translation, the roles of human agents such as the author, translators, and publishers in the production and reception of the two translations of Fawda Al-Hawas  , how the retranslation tried to avoid previous problems, if any, that hindered the circulation of the first translation, the role of paratexts in the reception of the two translations. The study draws on major concepts form reception theory as adopted by (Brown, 1994) in her study of Latin American novels published in West Germany. Specifically, the current study draws a close comparison of the paratexts associated with the two translations of Mostaghenami’s Fawda Al-Hawasas well as the roles of stakeholders. The study concludes that despite the use of more paratextual elements as well as textual improvements in the retranslation, it has not shown better results in terms of reception and circulation.
 
Received: 4 May 2021 / Accepted: 9 August 2021 / Published: 5 September 2021
Impacts of Crime on Socio-Economic Development
Authors: Jonathan Okpuvwie Ejuvweyere , Olusola Akinyede Joseph , Bernadin Tohozin Coovi Aime , Inoussa Toko Mouhamadou
Published: September 2021

Crime is as old as man and it exists in every society in respective of its level of development. The rate at which criminals operate unhindered in most societies especially in developing countries around the world is worrisome. Crime creates fear and untold suffering among people. Crime often stands as a barrier to socio-economic growth of society, discourages investment, increases the cost of transactions and ultimately fuel migration which eventually creates economic development disparities around the world. The aim of this study is to analyze the manifestation of crime the world over with a view to intimating government of all countries to have a firm control of all criminal activities in their respective countries for a better society. The approach methodology is based on a literature review of scientific journals and reports. Secondary data were sourced from both published and unpublished works as the study applies descriptive method. The main results showed various manifestations of crimes such as banditry, kidnapping, rape, stealing and murder among others. Therefore, crime fuels corruption and destabilizes development of any society.  In conclusion, crime knows no boundary nor personality as it affects people at all levels. This sad activity will continue to be a major factor of lack of socio-economic development if no strong action is taken by governments to effectively tackle the activities of criminals, terrorists and bandits around the world.
 
Received: 14 May 2021 / Accepted: 5 August 2021 / Published: 5 September 2021
Behavioural Dumping and Drainage Channels
Authors: Twaibu Semwogerere , Okidi Lating Peter
Published: September 2021

Dumping is one of the inevitable societal behaviours because waste can only be controlled but not eliminated completely. The rapidly growing developing countries have cities, towns and trading centres emerging daily coupled with increasing populations can be well related to poor drainage and irresponsible dumping in water channels. The aim of this study was to scrutinize drainage dumping behaviours in relation to water channels in some selected cities in Uganda. In this study, observational and analytical experiments on dumping were done in selected towns and cities, along some major highways connecting them. The findings showed that a lot of illegal dumping is happening at a rate of 63% on average on roads and even near the legal dumping places. Most of the refuse that is erroneously dumped ends up in drainage channels leading to serious flooding and other environmental consequences. The study recommends other better models in addition to improving drainage design, construction and maintenance patterns.  Strict laws and sensitization are crucial in this regard and can help in saving and improving the lives of the people by at least 11%
A Review the Development of Infection Prevention and Control Program in Nursing Care During Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Rahayu Candra Dewi , Purwaningsih Diah Fitri , Silvitasari Ika
Published: September 2021

The hospital is the health service structure that plays the most prominent role with the Covid-19 pandemic.The nursing profession is still required to provide quality nursing care to Covid-19 patients, as well as to other patients so that the provision of nursing care must be in accordance with the procedures and management of patients with infectious diseases accurately and correctly and use Personal Protection Equipment in accordance with standard. Infection prevention and control during the pandemic is very important for patients and health workers to minimize the occurrence of nosocomial infections during hospital care. This review aims to determine the development of infection prevention and control program in the provision of nursing care during the Covid-19 pandemic. The research method with a review was carried out by searching for articles related to patient safety in providing Covid-19 nursing care. Literatures search were carried out in December 2020 - January 2021 through PubMed, Sciencedirec, google scholar, government policy then entered the online database list by entering keywords, namely patient safety, nursing care, Covid-19. Selected journals were based on inclusion and exclusion criteria through a critical assessment process with CASP to assess the quality of articles. The results of the critical appraisal obtained six articles that match the inclusion criteria with a minimum appraisal score of 85 in good categories which are then carried out by analysts. The results of the research by reviewing 6 articles show that prevention and control of patients safety in providing nursing care during a pandemic can be developed through nursing care management by using summarized checklists, patient safety-based nursing care service system, infection prevention and control during the pandemic and inclusive leadership. Nursing care management, patient safety, infection prevention and control and an inclusive leadership style are the development methods that can be used for the prevention and control of Covid-19.
Factors Related to Participation of BPJS Mandiri
Authors: Triantina Yesi , Adyas Atikah , Pamudho Kodrat
Published: September 2021

Based on the data obtained from BPJS of Lampung Province in 2020, Tulang Bawang Barat Regency is the regency with the lowest number of BPJS participation in Lampung Province compared to 12 other regencies. The total number of BPJS Mandiri participants in 2020 was 45,738 people, which is still below the set target of 117,000 people. The purpose of this research is to determine the factors related to the participation of BPJS Mandiri in Tulang Bawang Barat Regency in 2021. The research is a quantitative descriptive type, with the research design in this research is analytic with a cross sectional approach. The population is 9,848 people, the sample size is 117, the sampling technique is stratified random sampling. The technique of collecting data on research variables about products, prices, distribution channels, promotions and membership of BPJS Mandiri in this study is filling out a questionnaire directly by respondents who are assisted by 5 enumerators, then after filling in the data directly collected on the same day. Univariate data analysis using percentage measures, bivariate analysis using chi square test and multivariate analysis using multiple logistic regression statistical tests. The results showed that the distribution of BPJS product frequency was higher in the poor category by 82 people (70.1%), BPJS prices were higher in the poor category by 84 people (71.8%), distribution channels were higher in the poor category by 68 people (58.1%), BPJS Mandiri promotion was higher in the poor category by 71 people (60.7%), BPJS Mandiri participation was higher in the category of non BPJS Mandiri participants by 60 people (51.3%). The results of the chi square test showed that there was a product relationship (p value = 0.009 < 0.05), there was a price relationship (p value = 0.001 < 0.05), there was no distribution channel relationship (p value = 0.542 > 0.05) and there is a promotion relationship (p value = 0.007 < 0.05) with BPJS Mandiri participation. Price variable is the most dominant variable related to BPJS Mandiri participation (p value = 0.019 < 0.05).
The Related Factors to the Behaviour of Pregnant Women in Maternity Planning and Complication Prevention Program
Authors: Surya Elsa , Rahayu Dewi , Karyus Aila
Published: September 2021

One of the breakthrough efforts that can reduce the maternal mortality rate as is Maternity Planning and Complication Prevention is expected to motivate the behavior of pregnant women in an effort to accelerate the reduction of maternal mortality. The high maternal mortality rate in Pringsewu regency is caused by a lack of screening for pregnant woman because it is suspected that there are still many high – risk pregnant woman who have not been found or have not come to health facilities. The aim of the research is knowledge of factors associated with behavior of pregnant women in childbirth planning and complication prevention programs. This research is a quantitative study with a cross sectional design. The data was collected by questionnaire tool. The population in this study were pregnant women who had an antenatal care in January 2021 at 3 public health centers that representing Pringsewu Regency, namely the community health center which had the highest moderate, and lowest coverage of Pregnancy visits 1 and 4 visits as many as 122 pregnant women. While the sample in this study was 96 pregnant women. Before the data collection, a questionnaire was tested on 30 respondents. The data analysis in this study is univariate test, bivariate test, and multivariate test. Based on the results of the study, it is known that some of pregnant women in Pringsewu regency have good behaviour, namely 62,5%. The results showed that there were 5 variables that had a significant relationship with the behavior of pragnant women in complication preventif program including knowledge (p value 0,030),attitudes (p value 0,000), availability of infrastructure (p value 0,033), distance to health facilities (p value 0,030) and husband’s support (p value 0,017). The most dominant variable related to the behaviour of pregnant women in complication prevention program is attitude where has the highest OR value of 5,881. In order to inprove the behavior of the community,especially pregnant women in complication prevention program, the Departement of Health needs to empower the community such as implementing the standby village, so that the community is able to independently fulfill the health facilities or infrastructure that are not yet available, namely village ambulances and village blood banks to support the implementation of complication prevention program so as to reduce maternal mortality rate (MMR) and infant mortality rate (IMR).
Factors Affecting the Family Burden of the Palliative Family
Authors: Prasetiya Candra Hadi , Sugiyanto Emilia Puspitasari , Pramono Wijanarko Heru
Published: September 2021

The process of palliative patient care indirectly causes a burden on the family. This study aims to determine the description of the family burden in caring for palliative patients. This study is a qualitative research with a phenomenological study design. Participant criteria are families who care for patients for at least 6 months. The number of respondents in this study were 4 respondents as care givers of palliative patients. The research method using the analysis method used includes categorizing themes, compiling sub-categorization of themes and the last is the coding process. The results of the study showed that there was a description of the family burden of palliative patients and a description of the factors that influenced palliative patients including economic status, patient complaints, family support, family perception, availability of treatment support tools, and the ability of families to manage family burdens. The burden on the family can be reduced by training the family to manage the existing factors.
Approach to the Ethnoeducation and the Religious Experience of Young Colombian Afro-descendants
Authors: Paez Pinto Jorge Alberto
Published: September 2021

Religion is a complex human phenomenon that can be analyzed from different epistemological and anthropological perspectives, from which religious experiences are reconstructed as part of the active relationship between personal consciousness and the disruptive presence of a transcendent "other". In Colombia, there is a significant population of young Afro-descendants  who have a series of religious and cultural beliefs rooted in their origins and traditions. Under this consideration, in this research, case of study, it is analyzed how ethno-education, as a public policy in Colombia, allows the development of the religious experience of young Afro-descendants.
El ecosistema turístico a través de las redes sociales
Authors: Barrientos Báez Almudena , Bonales Daimiel Gema , Caldevilla-Domínguez David
Published: September 2021

The covid-19 pandemic generated serious economic repercussions in the tourism sector, for which it had to accentuate the use of social networks in its communication. The study focuses on the analysis of the three destinations selected as the safest to travel during the summer of 2020 according to the eleventh edition of the European Best Destinations competition (2020). Special emphasis has been placed on the idea of a "safe destination" and how tourists themselves -microinfluencers- have joined in making the messages viral through their comments, reactions and publications. The main conclusion obtained is that thanks to this visibility strategy, countries have contributed to creating the image of a safe ecosystem, achieving notoriety and strengthening the country-image, achieving an impact on a global level.
National Russian language Olympiad in Bulgaria – more than half a century
Authors: Тодоров Юрий
Published: September 2021

6 марта 2021 г. в финальном национальном туре олимпиады по русскому языку в Болгарии приняли участие 112 школьников из 22 городов страны. Организатором национальной олимпиады по русскому языку в Болгарии выступает Болгарская национальная сеть преподавателей русского языка и культуры, коллективный член Международного педагогического общества в поддержку русского языка. На постоянной основе с болгарскими коллегами сотрудничают преподаватели и специалисты факультета регионоведения и этнокультурного образования Института социально-гуманитарного образования Московского педагогического государственного университета.

On March 6, 2021, 112 school students from 22 towns of Bulgaria took part in the final national round of the National Russian language Olympiad. The organizer is the Bulgarian National Network of teachers of the Russian language and culture, a collective member of the International Pedagogical Society in Support of the Russian Language. Teachers and specialists of the Faculty of Regional Studies and Ethnocultural Education of the Institute of Social and Humanitarian Education of Moscow Pedagogical State University cooperate on regular basis with Bulgarian colleagues.
Russian language in Georgia: view from the inside
Authors: Хабенская Е.О.
Published: September 2021

Статья посвящена проблемам русскоязычного образования, сохранения и распространения русского языка в Грузии в постсоветский период. Рассматривается в динамике положение русского языка в системе среднего образования начиная с 1991 г., отношение к русскоязычным, русскому языку и культуре грузинской политической элиты и грузинского общества в разные периоды независимости страны. Анализируются причины, факторы и перспективы изменения положения русского языка в современной Грузии. Иллюстративным материалом и отчасти источником для статьи послужили тексты эссе педагогов-русистов, лауреатов Пушкинского конкурса из Грузии в 2001–2018 годах.

The article is devoted to the problems of education in Russian, preservation and spread of the Russian language in Georgia in the post-Soviet period. The position of the Russian language in the secondary education system since 1991, the attitude towards Russianspeakers, the Russian language and culture of Georgian political elite and Georgian society in different periods of country’s independence are considered in dynamics. Causes, factors and perspectives of changes in the position of the Russian language in modern Georgia are analyzed. The texts of essays written by the Russian teachers who were winners of the Pushkin Competition from Georgia in 2001-2018, served as illustrative material, and partially as a source for the article.
Spiritual and moral education of the youth: attitudes towards each other, family, society
Authors: Бабаджанова М.М.
Published: September 2021

В статье рассматриваются проблемы духовно-нравственного образования молодежи по итогам анкетирования студентов факультетов истории и международных отношений, информационных технологий Российско-Таджикского (Славянского) университета (Душанбе, Республика Таджикистан). Сохранение исторической памяти, разноплановая и серьезная волонтерская помощь, экологические проекты – лишь часть практической реализации системной программы духовно-нравственного образования студенческой молодежи, реализуемой в РТСУ.

The article deals with the problems of spiritual and moral education of young people based on the results of questioning the students of the Faculty of History and International Relations, and the Faculty o Information Technologies of the Russian-Tajik
(Slavic) University (Dushanbe, Republic of Tajikistan). Preservation of historical memory, diverse and serious volunteer assistance, environmental projects are just a part of practical implementation of a systematic program of spiritual and moral education of students, implemented in the university.
Improving the quality of education: risks of virtual educational environment
Authors: Ковчур С.А.
Published: September 2021

В статье рассматривается проблема влияния рисков виртуальной образовательной среды на качество образования. С точки зрения педагогического взаимодействия как основы цифрового образовательного процесса выделяются риски, связанные с внешними организационными условиями реализации цифрового образования (отсутствие финансирования, принятие неэффективных управленческих решений, недостаточное нормативно-правовое регулирование, отсутствие материально-технического обеспечения, ограничение доступа к образовательным услугам), и психолого-педагогические риски (дидактические ошибки и недостатки в организации цифрового обучения, обусловленные неготовностью к деятельности в виртуальной образовательной среде участников педагогического взаимодействия, и их личностные характеристики, препятствующие эффективной работе). На основе анализа практической реализации проектных технологий даны рекомендации по предупреждению негативных последствий неготовности преподавателей и студентов к учебной деятельности в условиях виртуальной образовательной среды.

The article deals with the problem of the impact of virtual educational environment risks on the quality of education. From the perspective of pedagogical interaction as of the basis of a digital educational process, the article highlights the risks associated with external organizational conditions of the implementation of digital education. Among them, there is a risk of a lack of funding, of making inefficient management decisions, of insufficient legal regulation, of a lack of logistical support, and of restricted access to education.
Psychological and pedagogical risks are didactic mistakes and defects in the organization of digital learning, and personal characteristics as obstacles to effective work – both due to the unpreparedness of the participants of pedagogical interaction to work in the virtual educational environment. The author expresses opinion of the different degrees of such risks manifestation and the occurrence of consequences for the quality of education. Based on the analysis of practical experience in the implementation of project technologies, recommendations are offered to prevent the negative consequences caused by the unpreparedness of teachers and students learning in virtual educational environment.
Cambodian meetings
Authors: Теплова Е.Ф.
Published: September 2021

Автор делится своими впечатлениями о путешествии по Камбодже, менталитете, традициях и повседневности кхмеров.

The author shares her impressions on the trip to Cambodia, on the mentality, traditions and everyday life of Khmer people.
An Assessment of Oral Health Status among Lead Battery Factory Workers in Ghaziabad UP a Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Akanksha Monga  , Thanveer K  , Bhuvandeep Gupta  , Aparna Aggarwal  , Nisha Yadav  , Meena Jain  , Ankur Sharma
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Industrial workers are a well-defined group of a population. They have frequent shifts,low socio-economic status and neglected oral hygiene as they are at risk for health and dental problems.Industrial revolution has provided a lot of scope in employment worldwide for many which has improvedthe standard of living of many individuals. Health at workplace is considered essential now a days in variouscountries due to this rapid economic growth and industrial progress. In various industries like acid batteryindustry, chemical and textile industry, are exposed to hazardous substances and radiations. Studies havealso reported a positive association between battery exposures to strong acids and periodontal pockets orgingival bleeding among exposed workers. Therefore, the purpose of the present study is to assess theoral health status of lead battery factory workers in Ghaziabad Uttar Pradesh. Material and Method: The“World Health Organization (WHO) oral health assessment form -2013” was used to record the clinicalfindings.25 For the diagnosis of dental caries, WHO type III examination was carried out using mouthmirrors and explorers while using adequate illumination. The components of the form used were - Generalinformation, Dentition status (crown, root), periodontal status, loss of attachment, dental erosion, and oralmucosal lesions. Results: The mean DMFT scores were (5.72 3.17) females had more number of teeth withgingival bleeding compared to males. It was also found 72.3% of battery factory workers had pocket depthmore than 6mm. 51.5% workers in the study had LOA of score 3 (as per WHO proforma) Mean number ofteeth affected with erosion was more in males (4.76 4.02)

Conclusion: Oral health statuses of factory workers are highly affected due to lead acid used in industries.
Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme on Knowledge Regarding Post Exposure Prophylaxis Following Needle Stick Injury among B. Sc Nursing Students
Authors: Anjana A.P  , Reshma Thomas  , Renjitha
Published: September 2021

Background and Objective: A needle stick injury is a percutaneous piercing wound typically set by aneedle point, but possibly also by other sharp instruments or objects. Needle stick injuries are more commonamong health workers during night shifts, and for less experienced people, fatigue, high work load, highpressure, or high perception of risk can all increase the chances of needle stick injury. The present study wasconducted with an Objective, to evaluate the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledgeregarding post exposure prophylaxis following needle stick injury among B. Sc Nursing students. Methodsand Materials: Approach was quantitative approach. The study design was Quasi experimental one grouppre test post test design. 157 samples were included in the study by using convenience sampling technique.The knowledge of nursing students regarding post exposure prophylaxis following needle stick injury wereassessed before and after the implementation of education programme. The data was collected by usingsemistructured knowledge questionnaire. Post test was done seven days after the intervention. Results:Application of paired t test revealed a statistically significant increase in knowledge score regarding postexposure prophylaxis following needle stick injury after the implementation of the education programme(t= 9.40, p<0.001). There was a significant increase in the knowledge of each components of post exposureprophylaxis also. Conclusion: Based on the study findings it was concluded that the education programmewas effective in improving the knowledge level of nursing students regarding post exposure prophylaxisfollowing needle stick injury.
Fatal Poisoning Cases in a Teaching Hospital of West Bengal: a Descriptive Cross-Sectional Clinico-epidemiological Study
Authors: Ankur Bhattacharjee  , Saptarshi Chatterjee  , Partha Sarathi Hembram  , Sobhan Kumar Das
Published: September 2021

Background: Poisoning is a global health issue and one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality inIndia. Pattern of poisoning depends on factors, such as availability of poisons, socioeconomic status of thepopulation, religious and cultural influences, thus creating varied epidemiological trends across time andregions. The present study is planned to address the epidemiological profiles of fatal poisoning cases, withreference to the gastric findings during autopsy.Methods: This is a descriptive, observational, cross-sectional study analysing 184 fatal poisoning cases,who attended to R.G. Kar Medical College Police Mortuary during the period of 2014-2015.Conclusion : People of age group 20-29 years were mostly affected, with a male preponderance and anincidence of 8.03%. People from the rural regions constituted more than 80% of the study sample, withsuicide as the commonest manner of death. Organophosphorus compounds and acids were the mainlydetected, with mucosal congestion and submucosal hemorrhage of stomach as the most reported findings.The authors feel that a prospective study is an option, which could accurately identify the cases and deaths,which could formulate stringent measures so as to decrease the morbidity and mortality due to poisoning.
Assessment and Comparison of Total Salivary Protein and Salivary Flow Rate among Type I, Type II Diabetics and Healthy Controls
Authors: B.Niveditha  , M. Kavitha  , Mutum Sangeeta Devi  , J. Manju  , C.K. Vishnu Priya  , D.K.S.Lakshminrusimhan
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus characterized by either absolute insulin deficiency (Type I) or targettissue resistance (Type II) is associated with oral complications like xerostomia, gingivitis, periodontitis,odontogenic abcesses and soft tissue lesions of the oral mucosa. Saliva is a unique biological fluid and is alsoa characteristic biomarkers for different diseases.Several classes of drugs are found to be associated withdry mouth or salivary gland dysfunction or hypofunction, which in turn influences concentration of salivaryproteins. This leads to changes of oral health status among individuals using these drugs. Aim of the Study:To evaluate and compare the total salivary protein and salivary flow rate among Type I Diabetics, Type IIDiabetics and healthy controls. Materials and Methods: A total of 60 individuals have participated in thestudy which include 20 with Type I diabetes, 20 with Type II diabetes and 20 healthy controls. The study wasprospective in nature. Patients were asked not to eat or drink 2 hours before the time of saliva collection. Thesamples were collected in the same time of the day to avoid circadian variations. unstimulated saliva wascollected using spit technique. Patient was instructed to spit the saliva in graduated containers for a periodof two minutes. The flow rates were determined visually from graduated salivary containers as ml/min.After measuring the saliva volume the saliva sample was stored in deep freeze until protein estimation. Thetotal salivary protein in each salivary sample was determined using BioRad Protein Assay Dye Concentratemethod using BSA standard. Results: On comparing the total salivary protein among Type I, Type IIDiabetics and healthy controls, a significant difference in total salivary protein was found among Type IDiabetics and healthy controls and also among Type I and Type II Diabetics and there was a insignificantdifference in Type II Diabetics and controls. There was an insignificant difference in total salivary flowrate among Type I and Type II Diabetics and healthy controls. Conclusion: A significant difference in totalsalivary protein level among the diabetic and non diabetics emphasized that protein utilization by otherbiochemical metabolic pathways has an overall systemic response to glucose intolerance .With regards tosalivary flow rate ,the inconsistent results obtained may be due to the duration of diabetes, age range ofpatients and metabolic control of patients, class of drugs taken by the patient .
Patients’ Satisfaction about Quality of Health Care Services Provided in Maternity Wards at Al-Najaf City
Authors: Abeer Miri Abdullah  , Rehab Lafta Mohammad  , Zainab Neamat Jumaah Altaei
Published: September 2021

The study aimed to assess patients’ Satisfaction about Quality of Health Care Services Provided in maternitywards at Al-Zahraa teaching hospital at Al-Najaf city. A descriptive study was carried out through the presentstudy in order to achieve the early stated objectives. The study was began from November, 2nd , 2019 toApril, 22, 2019. The finding of this study reveals that that the patients are unsatisfied about quality of healthcare services provided at wards for most domain of health care services quality, while there is few patientssatisfied about some health care services provided for them. The study concluded that most patients areunsatisfied about quality of health care services that provided at maternity wards. Recommendations Thestudy recommends Assessing quality of health care services in the wards continuously, so that we can applythe quality improvement and/or quality assurance in wards, The domains and items related to the quality ofhealth care services must be educate to health worker (physician, nurse … etc.) to teach them how they canapply it in the wards.
Incense Smoke Exposure: An Appraisal of Organ Toxicity
Authors: Adebanji M. Akingbade  , Samson A. Odukoya  , Adeoye O. Oyewopo  , Nalini Govender  , Thajasvarie Naicker
Published: September 2021

Background: This narrative type review aimed to address organ toxicity emanating from incense usage.Methods: An online search using the following MeSH terms “Incense smoke,”, “adverse effects,”“organotoxicity”, “oxidative stress” and “inflammation” was done to identify studies directly applicable toadverse effects of incense smoke exposure.Findings: Exposure to incense smoke demonstrated various toxicity changes in the kidney, testes, lungs,liver and heart. Renal effects included a decrease in oxidative stress markers GSH and CAT, increase inMDA, serum creatinine uric acid and blood urea nitrogen (BUN). Testicular toxicityrevealed significantdisturbances in spermatogenetic patterns, testicular atrophy, germinal aplasia, hypospermia and damage tothe basal seminiferous epithelia tissue. In the cardiac muscle, ultrastructural changes, increased oxidativestress, inflammation, and altered cardiac hypertrophic gene expression was noted. Thenegative impactof incense smoke emanating from free radical (ROS), lipid peroxidation and GSH destabilizes vascularhomeostasis and initiates ahyperinflammatory response, warranting the need to understand the conceptualbasis of the mode of action linked to incense exposure.Conclusion: We highlight that incense generates ROS which initiates lipid peroxidation through ATP energydepletion and reduction in the natural antioxidants. This subsequently triggers oxidative stress, inflammationand endothelial dysfunction resulting in organotoxicity
Age Estimation by the Morphometric Analysis of Sternal End of Fourth Rib
Authors: Aditi Bhatnagar  , Nirupma Gupta  , Rachna Rohatgi
Published: September 2021

Estimating the age at death in the adult skeleton is problematic owing to the biological variability in ageindictors and the differential skeletal response to environmental factors over an individual’s life. While thepubic symphysis and intracortical morphometry have provided successful results in estimating age at death,other methods and sites in the skeleton are needed to improve the accuracy of age estimation. Present studyis an attempt to develop a new method for estimation of age from sternal end of fourth rib. Currently thereare different parameters available to determine the age of a person like study of teeth, ossification of bonesand other ancillary data, but the accurate reliability of these measures is only limited to a particular agegroup i.e. 25± 5 years. For the age beyond this, many workers in different parts of the world have done theirstudies to accurately determine the age of a person from the skeleton. A random study of 100 cases for ageestimation from sternal ends of the fourth ribs were carried out to estimate the age after death with minimalerror.
Comparison Between 3 Different Types of Mouthwash on the Healing Process of Periodontal Diseases
Authors: Ammar Alwan Ali  , Zainab Kasim Mohammad  , Abeer Isam Abdulhameed
Published: September 2021

Dental plaque is the principal etiological agent for the development and progression of gingival andperiodontal diseases. Three different mouthwash types were compared in this study for the periodontalhealing process based on the results. For all bacterial strains, the culture type collection is used. The serialdilution process is used for preparing every mouthwash and adding it to the tubes with a specific dilution. Incertain microorganisms of the respective mouthwash, the last tube dilution that does not show any turbiditywill be considered MIC. The three types of mouthwashes were compared in terms of the ability to inhibitmicrobial growth. Twenty-four hours after the agar was solidified and the colony forms (CFU) units counted,the plates were incubated. This study showed that bacterial growth inhibition might occur in the three typesof mouthwash. Boht, Behsa and Kin-gingival mouthwashes had a significant difference in their antimicrobialeffect. This study showed that they were unable to perform s after 24 hours of in vitro incubation while thebacterial count was lowered after two weeks of in vivo use in the boht washings. Continuous exposure tobacteria may be necessary to wash the mouth, especially for Behsa and Boht. It is difficult to remove allbacteria from the mechanical plaque controls; antibacterial mouthwash can cause additive. In the currentstudy, three types of mouthwash have compared antimicrobial effects. The results showed only that bacterialcounts are affected by mouthwash. Based on this study’s results, Boht mouthwash is more effective thanKin Gingival and Behsa mouthwash for oral microorganisms, but further clinical studies are necessary toconfirm our findings.
Seroprevalence of BKV-Antibodies among Cancer Patients and Healthy Individuals
Authors: Vian Ibraheem Husain  , Salah Mahdi Hassen  , Amal Aziz Kareem
Published: September 2021

BKPyV, a small DNA virus classified into the polyomaviridaefamily, is holoendemic with global distributionamong human population.The objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of anti-BK polyomavirusIgG antibodies among cancer patients and healthy controls. In the present study, A total of 85 serum sampleswere collected (65 cancer patients and 20 healthy controls) with age range between 15- 75 years, the femaleto-male ratio was 3:1. All obtained sera samples were tested using ELISA method for the detection ofanti-BK polyomavirus IgG antibodies. BKV-IgG seroprevalence show high rate of exposure to the virus48.23% (41 of 85 samples) revealed positive result (50.77% in cancer patient and 40% in healthy control).Seroprevalence was not different between female and male. The frequency of IgG antibodies decreased from66.67% in the age group <40 years to 46.94% among age group 40-60 years, and drop again to 38.1% in>60 years old.
Study of Possible Predisposing Factors that May Result in Congenital Abnormalities among Newborn Infants a Hospitalbased Study
Authors: Munaf Authman Hreeth  , Ahmed Nadher Kareem  , Sabah Noori Rashid
Published: September 2021

The term congenital abnormalities signifies that there has been disruption in the normal process oforganogenesis occurring before birth. The earlier the insult, the more gross the abnormality.This study aimed to study some predisposing factors that may result in congenital abnormalities amongnewborn infants in neonatal care unit (NCU) of Al-Kadhymia teaching hospital-Baghdad/Iraq. Thisprospective study was carried out during the period from 1st February to 1st August 2011. A total of 2700neonates were admitted to NCU, and (100) newborn infants were proven to have congenital abnormalitiesby physical examination alone in the nursery care unit.The results showed that of the total (100) affected neonates, 63 (63%) were full term as compared to only37 (37%) preterm baby (<37 weeks gestation) with a significant difference (P <0.05). Of the total 2700neonates, 1440 (53%) were females and the remining 1260 (47%) were males.Out of the (100) neonates who were proven to have congenital anomalies, 55 (55%) were males and 45(45%) females. The percentage of newborns with congenital abnormalities was 3.7% with respect to totalnumber of newborns (2700); 2.1% were males and 1.6% were females.Our results showed that (55%) had neurological abnormalities followed by (12%) cleft lip and palate then(11%) chromosomal abnormalities (most of them Down syndrome and only 3 cases had Edward syndromeand 1 case had Patau syndrome). In this study, it was shown that the highest incidence of congenitalabnormalities (55) occurred between (20-30) years.It can be concluded that most the affected newborns were full terms, with a slight male predominance.Incidence of neurological abnormalities was higher than other types of congenital abnormalities, the highestincidence of congenital abnormalities occurred between 20-30 years, and in multigravida mothers, and mostof parents were reported to be consanguineous or relatives.
Novelty Predictor ZnO Nano practical for Cancer Treatment
Authors: Anmar Hameed Bloh  , Hassan Khuder Naji  , Antesar Rheem Obead
Published: September 2021

Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) are used to increasing the number of industrial products such as rubber,paint, coating, and cosmetic and one of the most popular metal oxide nanoparticles in biological applications.The ZnO NPs have become exceptional biochemistry , trade and industry, and less poisonousness. Inbiomedicine the ZnO NPs have been appeared a encouraging possible, specially in the playing field ofanticancer and antiseptic grounds, which are included by their effective capability to initiate additional ofreactive oxygen species (ROS) creation, produce the zinc ions, and the cell apoptosis have been induce.Furthermore, to keep the structural integrity of insulin is well known zinc. Consequently, the ZnO NPshave been efficiently technologically advanced designed for antidiabetic drug . The ZnO NPs appearanceexceptional luminescent material goods in addition have straight them into one of the chief applicants for bioimaging. Now, in the biomedical fields the synthesis of ZnO NPs for facilitating of future research progressand focusing in biomedical fields will be helpful.
Innovativer Pinolen-Direktantrieb für Werkzeugmaschinen
Authors: Denkena Berend , Bergmann Benjamin , Ahlborn Patrick
Published: September 2021

Am Institut für Fertigungstechnik und Werkzeugmaschinen wird ein völlig neuartiger Mehrkoordinatenantrieb mithilfe der Finite Elemente Methode simulativ optimiert. Dadurch wird eine bessere Leistungsfähigkeit bei einer geringeren Verlustleistung erreicht. Die Leistungsdichte des Antriebs ließ sich gegenüber einer analytischen Ausgangsgeometrie um 8 % erhöhen und die Verlustleistung um 65 % reduzieren.
Präzise Hochgeschwindigkeitsbearbeitung
Authors: Timons Erich
Published: September 2021

Bei der fortschrittlichen Werkstückherstellung durch unkonventionelle Prozesse liegt ein Fokus auf dem Hochgeschwindigkeits-Schruppen mit geringer Leistungsaufnahme. Innovative Werkzeughersteller unterstützen ihre Kunden mit passenden Lösungen.
Qualitätssicherung in Minutenschnelle
Authors: Klingauf Wolfgang
Published: September 2021

Jahrelang musste der Werkzeughersteller Mauth für das Messen komplizierter Formstechplatten mehr Zeit einkalkulieren als für deren Schleifvorgang. Ein fertigungsbegleitendes Messsystem trägt jetzt deutlich zur Steigerung der Produktivität bei.