bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FROM TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE TO MODERN MEDICINE: CYPERUS SCARIOSUS AND ITS MULTIFACETED PHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTIE
Authors: Parcha Versha , Bhandri Pankaj , Rana Ajay , Kashyap Shivani
Published: June 2024

Due to their vast store of organic natural components, medicinal and aromatic plants like Cyperus scariosus play a significant role in both traditional and modern medicine. In poor nations where traditional medical practises are still relevant, these herbs are highly appreciated. The negligible side effects of medicinal plants, in contrast to manufactured drugs, make them helpful for treating a variety of illnesses. The Cyperaceae family includes Cyperus scariosus, sometimes referred to as Nut grass or Nagarmotha, which is well renowned for its medicinal properties.An vital component in Ayurvedic formulations, the plant's essential oil is extracted from the rhizomes and roots of the plant and has anti- inflammatory, antibacterial, and antifungal qualities. Its roots have a lengthy history of usage in medicine, where they have been used as a diaphoretic, tonic, and therapy for ailments including seizures and spasm a high temperature, and harm to the liver. Because of its antibacterial, antifungal, and growth-regulating qualities, the essential oil of the plant is used for more than just perfumery. Additionally, it has potential for uses in analgesia, diabetes prevention, and hepatoprotection. Slender leaves, a July flowering and December fruiting period, and a fruit bearing season define C. scariosus. It has been shown to have anti-nociceptive characteristics, hypotensive and spasmolytic effects, hepatoprotective qualities, and antidepressant potential. The plant extract has also demonstrated hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic properties, making it advantageous for controlling hyperlipidemia and diabetes. Additionally, its antibacterial, antifungal, and antioxidant properties add to its therapeutic profile. A thorough study of the plant's botany, traditional usage, phytoconstituents, therapeutic benefits, and clinical applications is still lacking, despite the fact that there has been much research on the chemical components and pharmacological properties of the plant. By providing information on C. scariosus and discussing its phytochemical investigations, pharmacological potentials, toxicity issues, and possibilities for further study, this paper seeks to close the knowledge gap.
FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPT OF PHOTOLUMINESCENCE SPECTROSCOPY
Authors: Saheli Karmakar Dr.
Published: June 2024

A general introduction to photoluminescence spectroscopy is covered in this chapter. The technique of studying how electromagnetic radiation interacts with materials to disclose compositional or structural features is called molecular spectroscopy. It employs quantum numbers to discern between various energy states and divides radiation energy into areas. Using the Jablonski diagram, we covered the foundations of photophysics in the first section of the chapter. This article provides a brief overview of certain radiative transitions, such as phosphorescence and fluorescence, as well as non-radiative ones, such as internal conversion (IC), spin-forbidden intersystem crossover (ISC) processes, and vibrational relaxation (VR). The energy levels required for the absorption and emission of luminous materials are shown by the Jablonski energy diagram.. Stokes shift is one of the significant aspects of luminescence spectroscopy that we have covered. Energy loss and non-radiative transitions are involved in the processes of fluorescence and Stokes shift. We talked about thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) in the next section. The TADF process's concept for design and mechanism have been thoroughly examined. The chapter's last section provides a brief overview of room-temperature phosphoresce (RTP). This section contains a brief explanation of El-Sayed's rule and the fundamentals of phosphorescence. Furthermore, a review was conducted on the thorough descriptions of the many approaches that have been employed in the literature to generate room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP).
GRAPHENE: SYNTHETIC AND REDUCTION APPROACHES
Authors: Chandra Mohan Kurmarayuni Dr. , Krishna Kumari P. , Srikanth Dr. B. , Swarnalatha Kurapati Dr.
Published: June 2024

Carbon community substrates such as carbon nanotubes, graphene oxide (GO), and carbon nanoparticles have been of great interest to the scientific community for the last three decades due to numerous potential applications. Graphene oxide is an oxidized derivative of graphene and is obtained from the severe oxidation of graphite powder. This process introduces oxygen-containing functional groups to the surface of GO. Chemical species both organic and inorganic molecules can be attached to the surface of graphene oxide via these functional groups. Also, functional groups on its surface can serve as nucleation and growth sites for metal nanoparticles. GO high surface area can serve as nucleation sites for metal nanoparticles, it can be used as a substrate to deposit metal nanoparticles. Graphene and its derivative materials have shown great potential applications in numerous research fields such as material science, chemical science, physical science, and nanoscience platforms, which are assumed to improve modern and multifunctional strategies.
PROSPECTS OF GREEN SYNTHESIZED NANOMATERIALS FOR THE ENVIRONMENTAL REMEDIATION
Authors: Verma Varsha , Kumar Thakur Piyush
Published: June 2024

Worldwide disintegration of water, soil, and climate by the appearance of harmful synthetic substances from the consistent anthropogenic activities is transforming into a significant issue all through the world. This postures different issues pertinent to the environment and human prosperity that increase the application difficulties of conventional treatment innovations. Nanotechnology gives novel treatment approaches and makes developments with better advantages compared to conventional techniques. Cutting-edge technologies for the green synthesis of nanomaterials (NMs) and nanoparticles (NPs) can transform their properties for future applications by changing their size and shape. The influence of recent advancements in nanotechnology research, together with the new horizon of prospects and possibilities for improvement, has prompted the affirmation of these materials for use in environmental remediation. This paper highlights the beneficial nanomaterial applications in air, soil, and water, as well as a brief overview of the pros and cons of bioremediation, in light of the remarkable advances in nanotechnology and the urgent need to develop green, powerful, and cost-effective approaches for environmental remediation.
RECENT ADVANCE ROLE OF Fe3O4-SUPORTED NANOCATALYSTS IN VARIOUS ORGANIC TRANSFORMATIONS
Authors: D. Kadam Mr. Avdhut , B. Kamble Dr. Santosh
Published: June 2024

The importance of magnetic nanoparticles as to provide the large surface area during catalytic reaction. It show dynamic change in catalyst activity when a solid support material which have magnetic property. Such type of solids called quashi-homogeneous catalyst easy extraction and removal from reaction mixture using an external magnet and such catalyst can be reused. They show environmentally benign green catalytic process. For synthesis of magnetically isolable nanoparticles has been different methods such as i) Wet chemical, ii) Templet directed, iii) Micro emulsion, iv) Thermal decomposition, v) Solvothermal method, vi) Solid state deposition method, vii) Spray pyrolysis, viii) Self-assembly method physical and lithographic technique etc. Several screening strategies to deliver them and suitable for catalytic applications such as polymer, silica and carbon coating of magnetic nanoparticles reported in literature. This review focused on significant progress for prevarication of nano structural catalyst with unique emphasis on screening and fictionalization of magnetic nanoparticles. Accounting the importance of coupling reaction chemistry in organic transformations wide applications of magnetic nanoparticles based catalyst in several type of coupling reactions and various other organic transformations.
SYNTHESIS AND STRUCTURAL OVERVIEW OF SOME INTRIGUING TELLURIUM/NITROGEN-CONTAINING MACROCYCLES
Authors: Pratim Das Partha
Published: June 2024

Since the accidental discovery of crown ethers, the field of supramolecular chemistry has grown by leaps and bounds. O, S- based macrocycles were developed early and their chemistry is so vastly available. In comparison to that, the higher chalcogen (Se/Te) containing macromolecules are very less in number. Over the years, Te based macrocycles have been reported and due to their greater s-character and lower electronegativity than the rest, their chemistry has been fascinating. Due to, Toxic nature of Te and higher polarizability of Te-C bond owing to huge difference in size as well as electronegativity between Te and C, the growth of chemistry of Te-containing macrocycles has got hindered. Te being a soft center, there has been numerous attempts where hard N center has been included in the same macromolecule, just to create a surrounding which is capable to bind a wide range of metal ions with different dimensions and oxidation states. There are reports of Schiff base as well as –NH– group containing Tellura-aza-macrocycles, including cryptands also. In this chapter the chemistry of different types of tellura-zaz-macrocycles have been discussed, where focus has been given on their synthesis and metal complexation with structural details.
EXPLORING HALF-METALLIC FERROMAGNETISM IN II-IV-V2 CHALCOPYRITE’S FOR SPINTRONIC APPLICATIONS
Authors: Vijayalakshmi D , Jaiganesh G , Umamaheswari R , Kalpana G
Published: June 2024

This research investigates new magnetic materials (II-IV-V2 chalcopyrite’s) for spintronic applications. Using first-principles calculations with density functional theory (DFT), the study explores their structural, electronic, and magnetic properties. The compounds exhibit stable ordered body-centered tetragonal (BCT) chalcopyrite structures, with some displaying half-metallic ferromagnetic behavior. ZnMX2 and CdMX2 (M = V, Cr, Mn; X = P, As) compounds exhibit strong half metallic (HM) property, while ZnFeX2 and CdFeX2 show stable ferromagnetic (FM) property. Theoretical predictions suggest that the ZnMX2 and CdMX2 (M = V, Cr, Mn) are potential spin injectors for spintronic devices. This work highlights the significance of LSDA and GGA exchange-correlation effects in determining the materials half-metallicity, structural stability, and ground-state properties. Perhaps, the present study provide valuable insights for further experimental investigations and materials design in spintronics.
ANALYSING THE CITIZENSHIP (AMENDMENT) ACT, 2019
Authors: Kaur Harpreet
Published: June 2024

The Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA) has emerged as a contentious legislative measure sparking debates, protests, and legal challenges across India. Enacted in December 2019, the CAA introduces amendments to India’s Citizenship laws, providing a pathway to Indian citizenship for undocumented migrants from specific religious minorities in neighbouring countries. However, the Act excludes Muslims, leading to accusations of discrimination and concerns regarding its compatibility with India’s secular constitution. This chapter aims to provide a concise overview of the Citizenship Amendment Act, exploring its historical context, key provisions, controversies, and implications. It delves into the socio-political dynamics underlying the enactment of the CAA, including its intersection with identity politics, religious tensions, and national security concerns. Furthermore, it examines the legal challenges mounted against the Act, highlighting debates surrounding constitutional validity and human rights implications.
TRAUMA-INFORMED CARE IN HIGH STRESS ENVIRONMENTS: SCOPE, CHALLENGES AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS
Authors: Mallesham Chengol , Harish Chiluka , Durlabh Singh Kowal Dr.
Published: June 2024

Trauma is an intense form of stress characterized by overwhelming experiences accompanied by a lack of safety, agency and helplessness when exposed to a significant perilous event or series of events (either real or perceived). Unhealed traumas may result in re-traumatisation, triggering memories of the past trauma and reliving trauma all over again in the present moment as if it is happening now. Further, the potential risk for re-traumatisation increases with trauma survivors’ exposure to high-stress environments. Globally, individuals, communities and societies' exposure to traumatic stress is quite common, causing horrendous impacts on biopsychosocial and spiritual domains across life and generations. As a result, to foster basic needs of safety, connection and regulation among trauma survivors in non-clinic settings, Trauma-informed care(TIC) is framed with the basic assumption to 'do no harm' through re-traumatisation, ensured employing of psychoeducation and training for service providers. However, fulfilling these assumptions relies on practical implementation and improvisation of TIC over a period of time across various contexts and levels. Therefore, in this chapter, the authors discuss the scope of TIC, the challenges in its implementation and offer future recommendations.
TRENDS IN PERSONALITY ASSESSMENT WITH THE ADVENT OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
Authors: Sangwan Jyoti
Published: June 2024

Personality indicates behavioural, thinking and emotional styles unique to each individual that determines their peculiar reactions to the situation. While evaluating personality, both the person and situation are influential in determining pattern of person’s behaviour and this interrelated pattern provides an insight into the consistent tendencies across situations. Traditional approach of personality assessment involves test administration and manual scoring by trained professionals. However, with the advancement of technology, computer assisted approaches have been included in the testing procedures for the ease of administration making it more efficient and user friendly. The abundant digital data poses numerous opportunities for researchers to leverage inherent machine learning potential in order to develop valid and reliable methodologies and AI tools could be utilized to enhance personality assessment procedures. The introduction of potential AI modules in personality assessment needs to be complementary to the human expertise in the area. The current chapter focuses on the scope of AI tools in evaluating personality with its applicability in various domains.
PHYCOREMEDIATION: A GREEN TECHNOLOGY TO COMBAT ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
Authors: Bora Dr. Geetashree
Published: June 2024

ndustrialization and urbanization have led to severe exploitation of natural resources causing havoc to the environment. There are numerous ways to tackle the problems of environmental pollutions however, these generate threats to the mother nature. Phycoremediation or microalgae treatment is one of the very effective ways to combat the problems caused by other physical and chemical means. This green approach has gained popularity in the recent years for treating various types of environmental wastes. This chapter highlights the significance of phycoremediation in various sectors (industrial and domestic waste water treatment, carbon and heavy metal sequestration and the like) and how this approach could be utilized in battling environmental pollution very effectively and precisely considering the safety of the environment.
BIOTECHNOLOGY TRENDS AND INNOVATIONS: SHAPING THE FUTURE
Authors: Garg Dr. Praveen
Published: June 2024

Biotechnology is a fast evolving field that holds immense assure for shaping the future of medicine, agriculture, environmental sustainability, and more. This chapter explores the latest trends and innovations in biotechnology, highlighting their potential impact on various sectors. From gene editing and synthetic biology to personalized medicine and sustainable biofuels, biotechnology is driving unprecedented advancements that are poised to revolutionize industries and improve quality of life. This chapter delves into key trends such as CRISPR-based technologies, 3D bioprinting, bioinformatics, and the ethical considerations surrounding these innovations. By examining the current landscape and future possibilities, we gain insights into how biotechnology is reshaping the world as we know it.
ADVANCEMENTS IN MALARIA VACCINE: A WORK IN PROGRESS FOR ERADICATING A GLOBAL THREAT
Authors: Sahu Anirudha Kumar
Published: June 2024

Malaria is a life-threatening vector-transmissible infectious disease caused by Plasmodium and transmitted via female Anopheles mosquitoes. Based on WHO (World Health Organization) nearly half of the world's population was at risk of malaria in 2021 affecting 247 million people and killing 6,19,000 of them. The disease has sustained in our society without a substantial solution for at least more than 30 years. The major difficulties to develop a vaccine In addition to the parasite's ability to elude the human immune system and the lack of sterile immunity in the human population, other factors working against malaria include the parasite's incredibly complex life cycle, biochemistry, and DNA. The high parasite burden, expense, accessibility, vaccine safety laws, and research financing are a few further obstacles to the successful development of a malaria vaccine. Based on the studies conducted till date besides designing whole parasite vaccines a lot of different Plasmodium antigens have been targeted for vaccine development depending upon the final efficacy of the vaccine, earliness of the stage, diversity of the antigen etc.The first Malaria vaccine approved by WHO wasRTS,S/AS01 (Mosquirix™) in the year 2021 which was developed together by GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) and the PATH Malaria Vaccine Initiative (MVI). The chapter briefly highlights the encumbrance in the path of Malaria vaccine development and the classification of the candidate vaccines with their positives and negatives. While challenges persist in vaccine design, production, and distribution, the progress made in recent years instills hope and optimism for a malaria-free future.
BIOLOGICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS OF ALOE VERA
Authors: Pugazhendhi Aarthi
Published: June 2024

Aloe vera has been used in folk medicine for over 2,000 years and remains an integral element of the traditional medicine of numerous contemporary cultures, including China, India, the West Indies, and Japan. Extensive research has been conducted on the therapeutic properties of A. vera, and its gel is used in a variety of industries, including cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and food. In addition, A. vera is renowned for its ability to thrive in arid conditions, and its succulent leaves enable it to survive in severe environments. Aloe vera is highly esteemed for its medicinal properties and has been used for centuries to treat a variety of conditions. Its bioactive constituents, such as vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants, account for its therapeutic properties. Moreover, aloe vera gel has shown promise for promoting wound healing, reducing inflammation, and soothing skin irritations (McMullen, 2023).
COMPUTATIONAL INSIGHTS FOR TOMORROW'S BIOTECHNOLOGY: EXPLORING BIOINFORMATICS FRONTIERS
Authors: Choudhary Abhishek , Agrahari Dr. Ashish Kumar
Published: June 2024

In the rapidly evolving landscape of biotechnology, bioinformatics emerges as the silent hero, bridging the gap between biological sciences and cutting-edge computation. This chapter, titled "Computational Insights for Tomorrow's Biotechnology: Exploring Bioinformatics Frontiers," takes us on a captivating journey through the pivotal role of bioinformatics in shaping the present and defining the future of biotechnology. At its core, bioinformatics is a multidisciplinary field that unites biology, computer science, and mathematics. It empowers us to make sense of the deluge of biological data, transcending traditional boundaries to impact healthcare, agriculture, industry, and beyond. Our exploration begins with the profound impact of bioinformatics on data integration and management, where databases, data standards, and innovative algorithms transform raw data into knowledge. We then traverse the landscape of genomics, proteomics, and structural biology, witnessing the decoding of the human genome and the design of precise drugs that usher in a new era of personalized medicine. The journey continues into the enigmatic realm of metagenomics and microbiome analysis, where bioinformatics unveils the intricate ecosystems of microbial communities, holding implications for bioremediation, pharmaceuticals, and agriculture. Systems biology and modeling are the next stops, where bioinformatics constructs mathematical models to simulate complex biological systems, optimizing bioprocesses and engineering organisms. We discover how bioinformatics tailors medical treatments and agricultural practices to individuals and crops, promoting health and sustainability. Ethical and regulatory considerations are paramount, as bioinformatics ventures into uncharted territory, necessitating safeguards for data privacy, integrity, and responsible research. Looking toward the horizon, we glimpse the future of bioinformatics in biotechnology. Artificial intelligence, single-cell omics, multi-omics integration, and synthetic biology beckon, promising to revolutionize our understanding of life itself. However, we must navigate challenges, from data privacy to ethical dilemmas, as we forge ahead into uncharted territory. Our journey culminates in case studies and success stories, where we witness the transformative power of bioinformatics in projects like the Human Genome Project and CRISPR-Cas9, which have reshaped our understanding of genetics and revolutionized genome editing. In summary, bioinformatics is the linchpin of modern biotechnology, illuminating the path to a future where health is personalized, agriculture is sustainable, and the boundaries of possibility are ever-expanding. This chapter underscores the enduring relevance and profound significance of bioinformatics, propelling us toward a world where the frontiers of knowledge continue to expand.
CRISPR-CAS 9: AN EVOLVING TECHNOLOGY OF GENE EDITING
Authors: K Vasavi , M Hema , Anjum M Reshma , K.R Padma , M Sankari
Published: June 2024

Gene editing, one of the genetic engineering techniques which involves modification of genomic DNA. There are many gene editing techniques discovered till now. Out of which, CRISPR/Cas9 technology has gained more identity, CRISPR stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindrome Repeats. CRISPR/Cas9 technology has gained more acceptances in recent years because it has simple design, cost efficient, high efficiency and simple operation. CRISPR/CAS 9 technology is a unique technology that is catching the eyes of all researchers in today’s world. This article focuses on the structure, mechanism of gene editing and to spotlight the importance of this technology in today’s world.
UNFOLDING THE MOLECULAR RESOURCE ARSENAL: r-DNA TECHNOLOGY
Authors: Rachel I Joys , Agrahari Dr. Ashish Kumar
Published: June 2024

Recombinant DNA (rDNA) technology has revolutionized the field of biotechnology, offering unprecedented opportunities for the manipulation and engineering of genetic material. This abstract provides a concise overview of the current state of rDNA technology and its potential applications. The foundation of rDNA technology lies in the ability to combine genetic material from different sources to create novel DNA sequences. This process, facilitated by restriction enzymes and DNA ligases, has led to the development of genetically modified organisms (GMOs), recombinant proteins, and gene therapies. The ability to manipulate DNA has transformed agriculture, pharmaceuticals, and medical research. In agriculture, rDNA technology has enabled the creation of genetically modified crops with enhanced traits, such as pest resistance and increased nutritional content. These advancements hold the promise of addressing global food security challenges and reducing the environmental impact of agriculture. In the pharmaceutical industry, rDNA technology has paved the way for the production of therapeutic proteins, like insulin and growth hormones, through the use of genetically engineered microorganisms. These advancements have improved the quality and availability of essential medications. In the realm of medicine, rDNA technology has opened doors to gene therapy, a groundbreaking approach to treating genetic disorders by introducing functional genes into patients. This technology has the potential to cure previously incurable diseases and transform the landscape of personalized medicine. However, with great promise comes ethical and safety concerns. The responsible and ethical use of rDNA technology is of paramount importance, as unintended consequences and environmental risks may arise from its widespread application. Regulatory frameworks and guidelines are continuously evolving to address these challenges. In conclusion, recombinant DNA technology represents a dynamic and transformative field with far-reaching implications for agriculture, medicine, and industry. As researchers continue to refine and expand its applications, society must grapple with the ethical, regulatory, and safety considerations to ensure that rDNA technology is harnessed for the benefit of humanity and the environment.
BIOINSPIRED SPIDER EGG SAC TECHNOLOGY: BRIDGING NATURE AND INNOVATION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY
Authors: Sethy Tanmaya Rani , Ahi Janak
Published: June 2024

Nature has long been a source of inspiration for human innovation, and one of the most fascinating examples comes from the intricate world of spider egg sacs. These remarkable structures, designed over millions of years of evolution, serve as protective enclosures for developing spider embryos. Recent advancements in biotechnology have led to a deeper understanding of the architecture, silk production, and potential applications of spider egg sacs in various fields. This article delves into the multifaceted aspects of bioinspired spider egg sac technology, exploring its diverse forms, silk composition, and futuristic applications across medicine, materials science, and beyond.
MAMMALIAN KISSPEPTIN AND PUBERTY: MECHANISM, DETECTION AND RECENT ADVANCEMENTS
Authors: Shah Harsh , Dan Nehareeka , Pandya Parth
Published: June 2024

This study digs into the complexities of pubertal onset, a critical stage that includes sexual maturation, growth, and the development of secondary sexual features. The highly controlled process involves the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Gonadal (HPG) axis, which orchestrates pubertal initiation via hormones, neuropeptides, and neurotransmitters such as Kisspeptin. Kisspeptin's involvement in GnRH release and its complex regulation by estrogen, Neuropeptide Y, and miRNAs are investigated. In this intricate network, dysregulation can result in delayed or premature puberty. The work emphasizes the importance of novel detection methods, pointing to early changes in Kisspeptin and GnRH levels, as well as changes in transcriptional component expression patterns, as potential indicators for pubertal start. Because the genetic/familial variables that contribute to pubertal timing are heterogeneous, developing a standard detection method remains difficult, underlining the necessity of multidimensional approaches in understanding and identifying pubertal onset signals.
BIOTECHNOLOGICAL APPROACHES IN INSECT PEST MANAGEMENT
Authors: Sharma Pankaj , Pandya Parth , Parikh Pragna
Published: June 2024

The global population is projected to reach almost 10 billion by 2050, demanding a 50% increase in agricultural production. In light of the increasing occurrence of pest and disease outbreaks, which jeopardize food security, it is crucial to adopt innovative approaches. Conventional approaches such as chemical pesticides have been found to be inadequate, prompting a shift towards biotechnology alternatives. Biotechnological interventions, such as gene transformation and genetic engineering, provide innovative approaches for controlling insect pests. The advancements in gene editing technologies, such as CRISPR-Cas9, offer possibilities for managing insect pests. RNA interference (RNAi) methods, including double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), have demonstrated potential in specifically eliminating pest species while leaving non-target species. The gene-drive approach modifies the inheritance of specific genes, providing a potent tool for managing insect pests. The book chapter explores the diverse applications of biotechnology in insect pest management, covering gene editing, RNAi, and gene-drive technologies. It highlights successful cases of gene editing in various insect species, such as fruit flies and the migratory locust, and discusses the potential for CRISPR-Cas9 to modify plants for insect resistance. In summary, the incorporation of biotechnology in agriculture provides inventive remedies to tackle the difficulties presented by rising insect prevalence, thereby promoting sustainable and robust food supply for the growing global population.
CHAOTIC GRAVITATIONAL SEARCH ALGORITHM AND LONG SHORT TERM MEMORY MODEL FOR TRAFFIC FLOW PREDICTION
Authors: Naheliya Bharti , Redhu Poonam , Kumar Kranti
Published: June 2024

Real-time highway traffic flow prediction remains a crucial area of research in intelligent transportation, particularly when dealing with congestion, as it enables efficient control and management of traffic flow. Furthermore, the urban road network's irregular nature and large short-term variations make it difficult to estimate traffic flow effectively. Therefore, this study provides a novel approach that improves the accuracy of short-term traffic flow predictions by combining a chaotic theory, Gravitational Search Algorithm (GSA) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) neural network. A modified version of the Gravitational Search Algorithm (GSA) that includes chaos theory concepts is known as the Chaotic Gravitational Search Algorithm (CGSA). The application of chaotic theory to the GSA technique aims to achieve a better balance between the exploration and exploitation phases. The chaotic GSA strategy, which reduces the impact of random hyperparameter selection on the prediction performance, is incorporated into the LSTM model in order to improve prediction accuracy. Analysis of the study's results found that, in terms of evaluation metrics, the proposed model was superior to other baseline models.
HOPF BIFURCATION AND HARVESTING ANALYSIS IN PREY AND TWO PREDATORS MODEL
Authors: A.V Paparao , Raju G. J. Naga , Gamini N V S R C Murty
Published: June 2024

In this chapter we studied the dynamics of three species model consisting of a single prey and two predators. The model in volved two predators preying on single prey. Two predators are neutral to each other and of generalist type. A delay is induced in the interaction of prey and second predator species and prey species is harvested. The model equations are described by system of delay differential equations. The co-existing state is identified, and local stability analysis is carried out at this point. The hopf bifurcation analysis is carried outat this point. The critical point is identified using numerical simulation. The harvesting effort of prey species is included in the study and identified the efforts which makes the system stable.
SYLOW THEOREM: UNVEILING ALGEBRAIC STRUCTURES AND GROUP PROPERTIES
Authors: Azhagendran N. , Ismayil A.Mohamed
Published: June 2024

The Sylow Theorems, fundamental in group theory, reveal the inner workings of finite groups. They guarantee subgroups of prime power orders, elucidate subgroup counts, and unveil conjugate subgroups. These theorems extend to cryptography, particle physics, crystallography, and more, shaping mathematical software and algorithms. Ludwig Sylow's vision has revolutionized algebraic understanding and found applications spanning from cryptography to topology.
EXPLORING FUZZINESS OF THE PARAMETERS IN PREDATOR-PREY MODEL WITH HARVESTING: AN APPLICATION OF HUKUHARA DERIVATIVES
Authors: Sil Dr. Nikhilesh , Rudra Prithwi , Roy Arshavi , Roy Soumalya , Mandal Panchatapa
Published: June 2024

In today's ecological research, the uncertainty surrounding parameter values in mathematical models holds a crucial role. This research article introduces the application of the Hukuhara derivative technique for formulating predator-prey interactions with harvesting. We construct a two-dimensional predator-prey model that accounts for the uncertain behavior of both prey and predator populations. We formulate Fuzzy Differential Equations (FDE) for various scenarios: when both populations, prey (x(t)) and predator (y(t)), are i-gH differentiable; when x(t) is i-gH differentiable while y(t) is ii-gH differentiable; when x(t) is ii-gH differentiable and y(t) is i-gH differentiable; and finally, when both populations are in ii-gH differentiable states. We provide analytical descriptions of stability criteria for equilibrium points.Our findings highlight that the dynamic behavior of predator-prey interactions with harvesting hinges on parameter fuzziness. We conclude from this study that the mathematical model's dynamics are strongly influenced by the imprecise nature of these parameters, mirroring a more realistic representation of ecological systems. This research opens a novel dimension in ecological studies.
A NEW SUZUKI-TYPE FIXED POINT RESULT WITH APPLICATIONS IN DYNAMIC PROGRAMMING
Authors: Kamal Raj
Published: June 2024

The intent of this study is to investigate a novel mapping for Suzuki-type contraction defined on complete metric space that has at least one fixed point. An example is also provided to emphasize the successes. Some known outcomes are enhanced and expanded by our result. We apply our findings in order to solve functional equations that come up in dynamic programming.
SECURITY OF MOBILE AD-HOC NETWORK FROM WORM HOLE ATTACK USING MACHINE LEARNING
Authors: Shahid Sania , Awan Dr. Salman Afsar , Ghaffar Abdul , Qazi Rehan Ali , Faraz Muhammad , Anwer Muhammad Aneeb
Published: June 2024

A mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is a network in which the nodes are mobile and connect to one another wirelessly. In a mobile ad hoc network, each node functions as a router, searching for the best route to deliver data between two points. Because of this, the network is able to operate more effectively. For situations where it would be impractical to construct a framework, such as during armed conflict, this network is crucial. The mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is a network that forms dynamically and consists of an infinite number of nodes. In the absence of a centralized network, these nodes are unrestricted in their mobility while still maintaining their ability to communicate with one another. The finding of a wormhole by two or more malicious nodes through a tunnel is the defining feature of a Wormhole Attack. When this happens, the wormhole tunnel begins accumulating data packets in preparation for transport to a new location. The proposed research recommended MANET routing that is both effective and safe. In this research important characteristics have been used at that time to construct a dataset that was labeled with the assistance of a one-of-a-kind node address. In this vein, apply two widely used Machine Learning classifiers that group data of test samples into two classifications normal and malicious, respectively to determine which classifications best fit the data. The Genetic Algorithm is being utilized for feature selection, while the Support Vector Machine and Decision Tree classifiers are being utilized for classification and comparison of these classifiers for accuracy by Confusion Matrix. The presentation of the system included an evaluation based on several different measurable parameters, as well as a comparison with more modern methods.
ADVANCEMENTS IN DEEP LEARNING OBJECT DETECTION: A COMPREHENSIVE RESEARCH REVIEW
Authors: Dwivedi Rahul Kumar , Prakash Bhanu , Sheesh Md , Akhter Gulrez , Meghwal Kartik
Published: June 2024

Computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) in medical imaging is a fast expanding field of study. The development of CAD software is crucial since misdiagnoses in the medical area might result in dangerous therapies. Simple equations would not be adequate to accurately designate objects like organs, hence machine learning is a crucial component of CAD. Therefore, learning from examples is a key component of pattern recognition. The quick development of CAD in the field of medical imaging research emphasises how critical it is to enhance CAD programmes in order to avoid incorrect diagnoses and harmful medical interventions. Machine learning algorithms are essential for improving disease diagnosis precision and encouraging impartiality in judgement. Machine learning algorithms can analyse high-dimensional and multimodal biomedical data by utilising pattern recognition techniques. Pattern recognition and machine learning have the potential to enhance disease awareness and diagnosis precision while fostering unbiased decision-making in the realm of biomedical research. An efficient method for creating automated algorithms to analyse complicated, high-dimensional, and multimodal biological data is machine learning. This review study compares and contrasts several machine learning algorithms that are used to identify various diseases, including hepatitis, diabetes, liver disease, dengue, and kideny disease. In the paper, the variety of machine learning tools and algorithms for illness analysis and decision-making are highlighted.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE- ITS DIAGNOSTIC FUTURE TOWARDS NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS & DISEASES
Authors: S Monisha.
Published: June 2024

Neurological diseases are frequently diagnosed around the world. About 1 in 6 people are affected by neurological diseases, or disorders. These diseases are not easy to diagnose. One of the common diagnosis methods is imaging systems. Diagnosis by images lacks accuracy in finding tumor spots, biomarkers, prognosis, and personalized treatment. Artificial intelligence with machine learning and deep learning helps to assist physicians in diagnosis, and treatment. Neuro oncology, Parkinson’s diseases, and autism spectrum disorder are common diseases found in humans. Random forest, Support vehicle machine, convolution neural network, artificial neural network is some of the common algorithms that are used in detection of neural diseases. Machine learning, and deep learning algorithms helps to predict the forthcoming symptoms in healthy patients. The algorithms are mostly combined with scanning systems, and through image analysis they can detect the treatment, identify specific biomarkers, and increase the healing of patients. Data from machine learning and neural networking from deep learning plays a key role in healthcare. iPhone, apple watches, and other wearable devices contain artificial intelligence that can detect epilepsy, cardiac arrest, and stroke ahead of an accident. Some of these devices also help doctors, and medic to understand the history of the patients. Artificial intelligence is indeed the future that can improve medicinal fields.
DNA BARCODING, AN ASSESSMENT TOOL FOR ASSESSING THE ACCURACY OF MORPHOMETRIC IDENTIFICATION OFSELECTED SPIDER SPECIESOF MAYILADUTHURAI DISTRICT, TAMILNADU, INDIA
Authors: S Sugunakala. , K. S Abbiramy , A Sankari. , D Kaviyan. , R Saravanakumar.
Published: June 2024

In the present study, DNA barcoding was used to assess the percentage accuracy of morphological base identification of spiders from the agriculture fields of Mayiladuthurai district, Tamil Nadu, India. A total of 30 spiders, 6 individuals from 5species were captured fromMay 1st week to 3rd week of 2022. Everyindividualcollected were brought to the College laboratory and sedated with Chloroform for performing morphometric analysis. One individual from each species was preserved in 70% ethanol and stored at −20 °C until the DNA extraction. Spiders were taxonomically evaluated morphologically on the basis of different identification Keys and Catalogues. Morphological identification revealed the presence of 3 families, 4 genera and 4 species. To evaluate the authenticity of morphological identification, tissue samples of 5 specimens were sent to Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology (RGCB), Trivandrum, Kerala. About 650 bp of Cytochrome c Oxidase Subunit I (COI) sequencesfor5 samples weredecipheredeffectively, which concludedthe presence of 3 families, 4 genera and 4 species. Based on the sequenced outcomes, onemistaken specimen was then corrected and placed in the appropriate taxon. The all-over accuracy of identification based on morphometry was 80%. Thus, the present study concluded that morphometric analysisfor identifying thespider taxon, is unsatisfactory. Hence to improve the credibility, accuracy and pace of results, molecular-based taxon identification like barcoding of DNA is considerably recommendable. Also, research is needed to confirmthe genuineness of the identification of spider species with a large sample size is necessary.
MARKING THE CANCERS: IMPORTANCE OF BIOMARKERS
Authors: Gampa Siri Chandana , Garimella Sireesha V
Published: June 2024

The term "biomarker" refers to a particular characteristic that can be used to evaluate responses to an exposure or intervention, pathogenic processes, or typical biological processes. Many diseases, including cancer, can be diagnosed with the help of biomarkers. The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the National Institutes of Health (NIH) collaborated to identify biomarkers and their categories, which are available publicly through an online document updated constantly called the “Biomarkers, Endpoints, and other Tools” (BEST) website. According to their clinical application, the FDA-NIH Biomarker Working Group has classified biomarkers into seven categories: susceptibility and risk, diagnostic, monitoring, prognostic, predictive, pharmacodynamic and treatment response, and safety biomarkers. Cancer biomarkers can be studied in bodily fluids such as blood, stool, urine and less frequently, saliva/buccal swabs, exhaled breath, sputum, cerebrospinal fluid and other bodily fluids. Numerous methods can be employed to identify biomarkers. Fluorescence in situ hybridization, Immunohistochemistry, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Flow Cytometry, Microarrays, and Next Generation Sequencing are a few examples. Cancer biomarkers have a wide range of therapeutic applications, aiming to achieve precision medicine to maximize cancer prevention, screening, and treatment regimens. These applications include risk assessment, screening and early detection, accurate diagnosis, patient prognosis, therapy prediction, cancer surveillance and response monitoring.
PLANT BASED ANTIMICROBIAL DRUGS: FUTURE OF MEDICINE
Authors: Singh Dr. Anshu Kumar , Khan Mrs. Hiba
Published: June 2024

Plant-based medicines have a huge history of safe and effective uses in traditional medicine. In past years, there has been a growing interest in the scientific study of these medicines, and there is now a growing body of evidence to support their efficacy. Plant-based medicines have a number of potential advantages over conventional synthetic drugs, including their lower cost, their better safety profile, and their greater compatibility with the human body. As our understanding of plant-based medicines continues to grow, they are likely to play an increasingly important role in the future of medical sciences. Plant-based medicines could be used to treat a wide range of diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular disease, and Alzheimer's disease. They could also be used to prevent diseases and to improve overall health and well-being. The development of plant-based medicines is also likely to be driven by advances in biotechnology. Biotechnology can be used to improve the efficacy and safety of plant-based medicines, and to make them more affordable. Biotechnology can also be used to develop new plant-based medicines that target specific diseases. In conclusion, plant-based medicines have a promising future in medical sciences. They are safe, effective, and affordable, and they have the potential to treat a wide range of diseases. Advances in biotechnology are likely to further improve the development and use of plant-based medicines in the years to come.
ANTIOXIDANT PROFILING AND ANTIFUNGAL ASSESSMENT OF SOME MEDICINAL PLANTS AGAINST HUMAN PATHOGENIC FUNGI
Authors: Mishra Meenakshi , Kumar Umesh , Zubair Muhammad , Jain Vijaylakshmi , Mishra Pankaj Kishor
Published: June 2024

In the current investigation, seven different solvents were used to assess the antifungal abilities of four plants, Datura stramonium, Lantana camara, Jatropha curcas, and Saraca asoca. These plants were investigated for the qualitative and quantitative detection of secondary metabolites, antioxidant profile, and antifungal evaluation against two pathogenic fungi, C. albicans and A. niger. Alkaloids, flavonoids, and saponins are examples of secondary metabolites found in these plants. Alkaloids were discovered to be most prevalent in D. stramonium, followed by tannin in L. camara, and phenol in S. asoca. L. Camara demonstrated the strongest antifungal activity against A. Niger. J. Curcas demonstrated the highest antifungal activity against C. albicans.
THE SIGNIFICANCE OF ACQUIRING COMPUTERIZED TECHNOLOGY TRAINING FOR PHARMACISTS AND NURSES IN ORDER TO ENSURE SUSTAINABILITY IN THE HEALTH SYSTEM
Authors: Havelikar Mr. Ujwal , Patel Dr. Akhilesh
Published: June 2024

To comprehend the importance of the technological revolution in the professional practices of pharmacists and nurses within the framework of sustainability, this research endeavour aimed to examine the perspectives of nurses and pharmacists regarding the implementation of computerized technology. The data was subsequently assessed in order to ascertain the impact of social, professional, and personal factors on the utilization of computer technology in the fields of pharmacy and nursing. The study was undertaken with the understanding that the active participation of pharmacists and nurses is essential for the development of sustainable breakthroughs, such as the integration of computer technology, which has the potential to enhance the quality of healthcare and promote community well-being. The most commonly cited advantages of implementing technology in the field of healthcare are the positive correlation between years of professional experience as a pharmacist or nurse, user- friendliness of the technology, relevance of the technology to job requirements, and enhanced output quality. Regarding the professionalism of pharmacists and nurses, it is understood that by embracing new behavioural responsibilities for their position, they would be able to improve community health and promote the quality of care. From the standpoint of global sustainability, strategies including multi-professional teamwork must be developed to utilize computerized technology both inside and across nations in order to enhance sustainable circumstances in the worldwide community.