bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessing Genetic Overlap and Causality Between Blood Plasma Proteins and Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Handy Alex ,   on behalf of the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging initiative,   AddNeuroMed, and the GERAD1 Consortium, Lord Jodie , Green Rebecca , Xu Jin , Aarsland Dag , Velayudhan Latha , Hye Abdul , Dobson Richard , Proitsi Petroula
Published: August 2021

Background: Blood plasma proteins have been associated with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), but understanding which proteins are on the causal pathway remains challenging. Objective: Investigate the genetic overlap between candidate proteins and AD using polygenic risk scores (PRS) and interrogate their causal relationship using bi-directional Mendelian randomization (MR). Methods: Following a literature review, 31 proteins were selected for PRS analysis. PRS were constructed for prioritized proteins with and without the apolipoprotein E region (APOE+/–PRS) and tested for association with AD status across three cohorts (n = 6,244). An AD PRS was also tested for association with protein levels in one cohort (n = 410). Proteins showing association with AD were taken forward for MR. Results: For APOE ɛ3, apolipoprotein B-100, and C-reactive protein (CRP), protein APOE+ PRS were associated with AD below Bonferroni significance (pBonf, p < 0.00017). No protein APOE- PRS or AD PRS (APOE+/–) passed pBonf. However, vitamin D-binding protein (protein PRS APOE-, p = 0.009) and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 2 (AD APOE- PRS p = 0.025, protein APOE- PRS p = 0.045) displayed suggestive signals and were selected for MR. In bi-directional MR, none of the five proteins demonstrated a causal association (p < 0.05) in either direction. Conclusion: Apolipoproteins and CRP PRS are associated with AD and provide a genetic signal linked to a specific, accessible risk factor. While evidence of causality was limited, this study was conducted in a moderate sample size and provides a framework for larger samples with greater statistical power.
Advances in spam detection for email spam, web spam, social network spam, and review spam: ML-based and nature-inspired-based techniques
Authors: Akinyelu Andronicus A.
Published: August 2021

Despite the great advances in spam detection, spam remains a major problem that has affected the global economy enormously. Spam attacks are popularly perpetrated through different digital platforms with a large electronic audience, such as emails, microblogging websites (e.g. Twitter), social networks (e.g. Facebook), and review sites (e.g. Amazon). Different spam detection solutions have been proposed in the literature, however, Machine Learning (ML) based solutions are one of the most effective. Nevertheless, most ML algorithms have computational complexity problem, thus some studies introduced Nature Inspired (NI) algorithms to further improve the speed and generalization performance of ML algorithms. This study presents a survey of recent ML-based and NI-based spam detection techniques to empower the research community with information that is suitable for designing effective spam filtering systems for emails, social networks, microblogging, and review websites. The recent success and prevalence of deep learning show that it can be used to solve spam detection problems. Moreover, the availability of large-scale spam datasets makes deep learning and big data solutions (such as Mahout) very suitable for spam detection. Few studies explored deep learning algorithms and big data solutions for spam detection. Besides, most of the datasets used in the literature are either small or synthetically created. Therefore, future studies can consider exploring big data solutions, big datasets, and deep learning algorithms for building efficient spam detection techniques.
Energy-efficient routing sensing technology of wireless sensor networks based on Internet of Things
Authors: Ju Xiaotao
Published: August 2021

This research was conducted to enhance the energy performance of wireless sensor networks (WSN) and improve the performance of end-to-end delay and packet receiving rate of network operation. In this study, the low-energy data collection routing algorithm and adaptive environment sensing method in WSN were mainly examined. The node centrality, energy surplus, and node temperature were calculated for cluster head selection to reduce the energy consumption of nodes and improve the reliability of network data. The research results have shown that the parameter setting guided by the theoretical analysis makes each node selfishly achieve the maximum expected benefit while the whole network runs reliably, and the energy consumption is reduced by the selfishness of the node. As a result, the proposed algorithm can effectively reduce the network energy consumption and increase the network life cycle of wireless sensor networks. It can be seen that the machine learning methods such as support vector machine are used to model and analyze the state of the sensing node, and to obtain more accurate wireless channel availability judgment based on the historical state data, thereby adaptively adjusting the working duty ratio and reducing the invalidity data sent.
A TODIM-based approach for the assessment of social vulnerability in Jiangsu province from 2012 to 2017
Authors: Yu Xiaobing , Wu Xuejing , Chen Hong , Wang Xuming , Li Chenliang , Ji Zhonghui
Published: August 2021

Social vulnerability assessment is of great significance for risk management and reduction. Carrying out the assessment is beneficial to the sustainability of the development of society and the economy. For this purpose, Jiangsu province in China is taken as the study area to explore the social vulnerability assessment at a city level. A framework has been constructed from three dimensions of demographics, economics, and social security. In our study, a new approach based on the maximizing deviation method and TODIM model is proposed to evaluate social vulnerability in Jiangsu province. For the sake of analysis, we divide 13 cities of Jiangsu province into three parts, namely the southern part, central part, and northern part, according to the geographical location. As a result, the north part performance of social vulnerability is the worst among the three regions. The average of the northern part has always obviously exceeded the others of Jiangsu province from 2012 to 2017, which indicates that the north part is the most vulnerable to natural hazards. In addition, the performance of the southern part is relatively better than that of the central region. Especially, Suqian has always been at the bottom from 2012 to 2017, which reveals the ability to withstand natural disasters is the most insufficient. Our findings also imply that social vulnerability is related to local economic development to some extent.
A hybrid model with novel feature selection method and enhanced voting method for credit scoring
Authors: Yao Jianrong , Wang Zhongyi , Wang Lu , Zhang Zhebin , Jiang Hui , Yan Surong
Published: August 2021

With the in-depth application of artificial intelligence technology in the financial field, credit scoring models constructed by machine learning algorithms have become mainstream. However, the high-dimensional and complex attribute features of the borrower pose challenges to the predictive competence of the model. This paper proposes a hybrid model with a novel feature selection method and an enhanced voting method for credit scoring. First, a novel feature selection combined method based on a genetic algorithm (FSCM-GA) is proposed, in which different classifiers are used to select features in combination with a genetic algorithm and combine them to generate an optimal feature subset. Furthermore, an enhanced voting method (EVM) is proposed to integrate classifiers, with the aim of improving the classification results in which the prediction probability values are close to the threshold. Finally, the predictive competence of the proposed model was validated on three public datasets and five evaluation metrics (accuracy, AUC, F-score, Log loss and Brier score). The comparative experiment and significance test results confirmed the good performance and robustness of the proposed model.
Glucocerebrosidase Mutations and Motor Reserve in Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Chung Seok Jong , Lee Phil Hyu , Sohn Young H. , Kim Yun Joong
Published: August 2021

Background: The concept of motor reserve explains the individual differences in motor deficits despite similar degrees of nigrostriatal dopamine depletion in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Objective: To investigate glucocerebrosidase (GBA) variants as potential determinants of motor reserve for exploratory purposes. Methods: A total of 408 patients with drug-naïve PD were enrolled from the Parkinson’s Progression Markers Initiative cohort database. All patients underwent SPECT dopamine transporter (DAT) scans and had results for Sanger sequencing of GBA. Parkinsonian motor deficits were assessed using the Movement Disorders Society Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale Part III (MDS-UPDRS-III). We compared MDS-UPDRS-III scores while adjusting for DAT availability in the putamen (i.e., motor reserve) between the PD groups according to the presence of GBA mutations. Results: Fifty-four (13.2%) patients carried GBA mutations. PD patients with GBA mutations were younger than those without mutations. There were no significant differences in sex, disease duration, years of education, and striatal DAT availability between the PD groups. PD patients with GBA mutations had higher MDS-UPDRS-III scores for the less affected side than those without mutations, despite similar levels of DAT availability in the contralateral putamen. The MDS-UPDRS-III sub-scores of the more affected side did not differ between the two PD groups. Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrated the detrimental effect of GBA variants on individual capacity to cope with PD-related pathologies, with different impacts depending on the motor laterality.
Older adults’ experience of active computer gaming for falls prevention exercise: A mixed methods study
Authors: Howes Sarah C. , Wilson Iseult M. , Pedlow Katy , Holmes Dominic , Charles Darryl K. , McDonough Suzanne M.
Published: August 2021

PURPOSE: This mixed methods study explored older adults’ experience using a bespoke active computer gaming (ACG) system designed to deliver falls prevention exercise. METHODS: Usability, acceptability and safety were evaluated through observation of system use, questionnaires, in-system ratings, and semi-structured interviews. Quantitative and qualitative data were synthesised concurrently to provide a deeper understanding of older adults’ experience with the system. RESULTS: N = 7 older adults (aged 73–88 years, most with increased fear of falling, and over half with reduced physical functioning) completed up to six uses of the system. Observations and qualitative feedback suggested that older adults’ experience with the system was influenced by physical health changes associated with ageing. Overall feedback after using the system was positive. Social support, from either the clinician or a peer, was a key theme influencing experience. CONCLUSIONS: Findings suggested that autonomous use of the system may not be feasible given the requirement and preference for social support.
50th Anniversary of the Institute of Radio Engineering and Telecommunications Systems of RTU MIREA
Authors: Vasiliev A. G.
Published: August 2021

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ВПЛИВ ЄВРОПЕЙСЬКИХ ІНТЕГРАЦІЙНИХ ПРОЦЕСІВ НА ПРОФЕСІЙНУ ПІДГОТОВКУ БАКАЛАВРІВ МІЖНАРОДНИХ ВІДНОСИН У ВЕЛИКІЙ БРИТАНІЇ
Authors: ДЗЮБА Маргарита
Published: August 2021

У статті розглянуто особливості інтеграційних процесів європейської вищої освіти та їх вплив на професійну підготовку бакалаврів міжнародних відносин у Великій Британії. Наукова рефлексія документальних і літературних джерел, результатів практичного досвіду професійної підготовки бакалаврів міжнародних відносин у ЗВО України дозволили виокремити суперечності їх підготовки. У контексті нашого дослідження заслуговує на увагу освітня модель професійної підготовки фахівців-міжнародників бакалаврського рівня, яка існує у Великій Британії. Відповідно до особливостей інтеграційних процесів, визначеної мети і завдань європейської вищої освіти, сформульовано ключові питання підготовки майбутніх бакалаврів-міжнародників у Великій Британії. Проаналізовано основні нормативно-правові документи, що регулюють діяльність університетів, які здійснюють підготовку майбутніх бакалаврів-міжнародників у Великій Британії. Зафіксовано зміни в соціальній характеристиці студентства; орієнтації діяльності університетів Великої Британії на потреби та інтереси споживачів освітніх послуг; посиленні професіоналізації підготовки бакалаврів міжнародних відносин на основі трансформації змісту та залучення до його розроблення фахівців-професіоналів; активному впровадженні наукового доробку та педагогічних інновацій у навчальний процес; реалізації елементів європейської моделі підготовки міжнародників; сприянні розвиткові досліджень у галузі політики і міжнародних відносин; розробленні уніфікованих професійних стандартів діяльності міжнародників; посиленні активної співпраці з європейськими асоціаціями і спілками; організації перекладацької практики за кордоном та укладанні договорів про працевлаштування; підвищенні мобільності студентів; проведенні наукових конференцій і семінарів. Висвітлено основні напрями освітньої політики та нормативно інтеграційні документи вищої освіти Великої Британії.
DEVELOPMENT OF POLITICAL CULTURE OF FUTURE OFFICERS IN EDUCATIONAL SPACE OF HIGHER MILITARY EDUCATIONAL ESTABLISHMENT
Authors: ЛЕВКО Мар’яна
Published: August 2021

The article deals with analysis and generalization of methodological fundamentals of the development of political culture of future officers in the educational process of higher military educational establishments. It was clarified that formation of political culture of cadets depends on the teacher, since their general culture and personal qualities are a tool of influence upon them.A military instructor promotes development of political culture of future officers through the use of various methods, techniques and forms of training that help to form cadets’ interest in politics, political knowledge, education of political self-education, acquisition of democratic norms and values, desire to know and study political traditions of Ukrainian people and other world nations.Taking into account different methodological approaches including system, personality-oriented, culturological, activity-oriented, competence, integrative, axiological and acmeological to determine the component composition of political culture, research on the formation of various components of political culture, as well as peculiarities of professional activity of officers enabled to identify their political culture as an integral quality of a personality which contains a system of knowledge about the political aspects of professional activity of an officer of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, rules of professional communication, political behavior and political actions.Structural components of political culture of future officers include political orientation, political literacy, political readiness and political competence.On the basis of the analysis of scientific works, educational work of higher military educational establishments, the results of the ascertaining stage of the experiment on the formation of political culture of future officers, the following pedagogical conditions were determined: creation of positive motivation of future officers to master political culture; supplementing the content of professional subjects in the context of professional training of future officers with forms, methods and means of formation of components of political culture in the conditions of higher military educational establishments; involving cadets in educational personality-oriented activities through the use of the latest educational technologies and teaching a special course “Fundamentals of Formation of Political Culture of Future Officers in Higher Military Educational Establishments”; carrying out of regular monitoring of the level of formation of components of political culture of future officers in professional training in the conditions of higher military educational establishments.Efficiency of pedagogical conditions and structural and functional model of formation of political culture of future officers in professional training in higher military educational establishments is confirmed by the results of the formative stage of the experiment.
TRANSLATORS’ TRAINING: UKRAINIAN EXPERIENCE
Authors: ЛЕМЕШКО Ольга , ГАПОНОВА Валентина
Published: August 2021

The main task of the higher educational establishment is to prepare graduates for modern dynamic national and international labour markets that demands to find the way into teaching practices, which can respond to the created expectations. Nowadays reality of the translation market reveals problems in translator training. Ukrainian teachers and scientists will have to re-think existing translator training programmes in terms of present-day market demands to professionals and to work out comprehensive educational professional programs. They should look for ways how to manage limitations caused by changes in the global situation taking into account that the profession of translator requires profound knowledge in various spheres of life. The successful implementation of future translators depends on their professional training that includes forming of communicative competence and also allows them to perform all the functional responsibilities provided for their profession. The main idea for this article is the relationship between the training process and the profession. The characteristics of today’s translation market have been examined and the issues that are addressed in modern translator training have been analysed. The definition of the term translation has been presented. Characteristics of translator’s professional activity have been distinguished and components of comprehensive educational professional programs were investigated. The requirements for a professional translator should be an integral part of the standard, as they are the subject of further elaboration. In international practice among the most important are the requirements of maintaining a high level of their own professional skills and knowledge, the ability to solve translation problems of a new type, the ability to translate and summarize texts in one language from another, regularly improve their skills. The content of the requirement, the characteristics of professional activity, the necessary knowledge and skills have been determined in the articles.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ НЕПЕРЕРВНОЇ ПРОФЕСІЙНОЇ ПІДГОТОВКИ ФАХІВЦІВ ТЕХНІЧНОГО ПРОФІЛЮ У ЗАКЛАДАХ ВИЩОЇ ОСВІТИ
Authors: ЛИТВИН Андрій
Published: August 2021

Кардинальні соціальні перетворення, потреба подальшого невпинного розвитку різних галузей економіки диктують необхідність комплексної модернізації вітчизняної професійної освіти як єдиної системи всіх її ланок і ступенів. Аналіз наукових підходів щодо розроблення педагогічних основ неперервної освіти виявив комплекс загальних завдань, що визначають її функції – компенсаторну, адаптивну, інтегративну, самореалізації. Багатовимірний характер неперервної професійної освіти забезпечує низка властивостей (багаторівневість, доповнюваність, маневреність, наступність) і характеристик, що дозволяють задовольняти все різноманіття особистісних і суспільних потреб.Професійна підготовка фахівців технічного профілю характеризується багаторівневим характером організації навчання у закладах освіти, що відрізняються цілями, структурою навчальних планів, методами, формами і засобами навчання. Урахування специфіки підготовки фахівців цього профілю під час реалізації неперервної освіти у закладах вищої освіти (ЗВО) вимагає перебудови основних компонентів традиційної педагогічної системи з урахуванням певних особливостей, до яких відносимо: системність і цілісність організації професійної підготовки; випереджальну спрямованість; ступеневість усіх ланок; завершеність етапів підготовки; узгодженість, відкритість і варіативність освітніх програм. Важливим також є дотримання специфічних принципів: наступності, прогностичності, варіативності, автономності, адаптивності.Неперервна підготовка фахівців розглядається як логічне поєднання послідовних ланок професійної освіти. Кожен ступінь є сукупністю взаємопов’язаних і взаємозумовлених елементів, націлених на вирішення конкретного завдання. Цілісність багаторівневої системи забезпечується взаємодією окремих ланок, оптимізованою в адміністративній структурі ЗВО. Це потребує формування та реалізації єдиного комплексу наскрізних освітніх програм.Модернізація української вищої школи у напрямі формування цілісної неперервної професійної освіти сприятиме підготовці нового покоління фахівців технічного профілю, які володітимуть інноваційним мисленням, розвинутими професійними компетентностями, високою духовністю та загальною культурою.
Pengaruh Geometri Infill terhadap Kekuatan Tarik Spesimen Uji Tarik ASTM D638 Type IV Menggunakan Filamen PLA+ Sugoi
Authors: Hasdiansah Hasdiansah , Suzen Zaldy Sirwansyah
Published: August 2021

Pengaturan parameter proses 3D Printing berteknologi Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) sangat mempengaruhi kualitas produk cetak baik dalam hal akurasi dimensi, surface roughness, dan kekuatan tariknya. Dua material yang paling sering digunakan para praktisi 3D Printing adalah PLA dan ABS masih memerlukan pengaturan parameter proses pada slicing software untuk menghasilkan produk cetak paling kuat ditinjau dari kuat tariknya. Penelitian ini memvariasikan bentuk geometri infill yang tersedia pada Ultimaker Cura 4.8.0 dalam mencetak spesimen uji tarik ASTM D638 Type IV. Ada 13 (tiga belas) bentuk infill yang digunakan dengan infill density 100%. Ada 3 (tiga) variasi nozzle temperature yaitu 205°C, 215°C, dan 225°C. Parameter proses yang tetap seperti layer thickness 0,2 mm, printing speed 50 mm/s, travel speed 100 mm/s, dan bed temperature 60°C. Spesimen uji tarik dicetak masing-masing tiga buah pada 39 (tiga puluh sembilan) eksperimen dan rata-rata hasil uji tarik dihitung kemudian selanjutnya dianalisis. Nilai kekuatan tarik tertinggi diperoleh pada pengaturan nozzle temperature 205°C dengan bentuk infill concentric atau terdapat pada eksperimen nomor 9 dengan nilai 32,40 MPa. Sedangkan nilai kekuatan tarik diperoleh pada pengaturan nozzle temperature 225°C dan dengan bentuk infill cross atau pada eksperimen nomor 37 dengan nilai 19,10 MPa. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa bentuk geometri infill pada proses 3D Printing FDM sangat mempengaruhi kekuatan tarik produk cetak.
Pemindaian 3D Telapak Kaki dan Cara Menghasilkan Koordinat Konturnya untuk Keperluan Perancangan Sepatu Ortotik
Authors: Wibowo Dwi Basuki , Haryadi Gunawan Dwi , Saputra Eko
Published: August 2021

Pemindaian 3D telah banyak diterapkan di berbagai bidang kedokteran, forensic, anthropology, anthropometry, topography, hingga reverse engineering. Penelitian ini mengkaji pemindaian 3D telapak kaki dan cara menghasilkan koordinat kontur xyz–nya. Alat pemindai yang digunakan adalah 3D scanner for foot orthotic buatan Vismach Technology China yang dilengkapi software untuk menghasilkan luaran berekstensi standard dxf/stl/wrl/obj/ply/asc. Koordinat kontur xyz diperoleh dari software AutoCAD dan MS Excel yang sudah terdapat coding khusus untuk membaca koordinat dari file AutoCAD. Struktur data koordinat xyz di MS Excel berbentuk baris pertama menyatakan ujung jari jempol dan baris terakhir menyatakan ujung tumit. Dari hasil koordinat ini evaluasi panjang dan lebar telapak kaki, menentukan ukuran sepatu, mendesain sepatu orthotic bagi penderita flat foot dan calcanea spur, dan pembagian area telapak kaki untuk pengukuran beban menjadi mudah dilakukan. Disamping itu luaran scanner berbentuk 3D mesh dan citra berekstensi stl bermanfaat dalam memodelkan kontak telapak kaki menggunakan MEH serta merancangbangun prototype sol sepatu dengan bantuan software SOLIDWORKS dan Rhinoceros.
Pengaruh Kuat Arus dan Waktu Elektroplating Nikel terhadap Kekerasan dan Laju Korosi Baja
Authors: Kardiman Kardiman , Fauji Najmudin
Published: August 2021

Elektroplating merupakan proses pengendapan ion-ion pada suatu logam dasar katoda pengendapan katoda terjadi karena perpindahan ion-ion bermuatan listrik dari anoda dengan perantara larutan elektrolit, terjadi terus menerus pada tegangan konstan sehingga terjadi pengendapan dan menempel pada logam. Mesin yang digunakan pada penelitian ini merupakan mesin yang telah dibuat sebelumnya, kapasitas tangki 50 liter larutan elektrolit dan tegangan yang dihasilkan sebesar 24 volt dan arus sebesar 50 ampere. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu mengetahui pengaruh besar arus listrik 2,3 ampere, serta lama waktu pencelupan 10,20, dan 25 menit terhadap nilai kekerasan dan laju korosi. Dari hasil penelitian, foto makro terlihat bahwa pada proses pencelupan 10 menit nikel yang menempel masih kurang rata dan terlihat masih belum sempurna serta sedikit kasar, waktu peceleupan 20 menit terlihat bahwa nikel yang menempel sudah merata dan permukaan spesimen lebih halus. Hasil pengujian kekerasan terendah terjadi pada kuat arus elektroplating 2 ampere dengan lama pencelupan 25 menit sebesar 16.33 HRc dan nilai kekerasan tertinggi dihasilkan pada kuat arus 3 ampere dengan pada pencelupan 25 menit. Hasil pengujian laju korosi paling tinggi terjadi pada raw material yaitu 2424.25 mmpy sedangakan nilai laju korosi terendah adalah 1385.28 mmpy dengan lama pencelupan 25 menit dan kuar arus 3 ampere.
Analisa Pemilihan Konsep Desain Alat Pirolisis Asap Cair untuk Pengawetan Ikan Bandeng
Authors: Satria Dhimas , Haryadi Haryadi , Lusiani Rina , Listijorini Erni , Salman Nidya Jullanar , Abdillah Andi
Published: August 2021

Ikan bandeng adalah salah satu produk hasil perikanan yang menjadi produk unggulan di Provinsi Banten. Kualitas kesegaran ikan bandeng menjadi sesuatu yang harus dipenuhi oleh produsen ikan bandeng. Permasalahan terkait kesegaran ikan bandeng ini yang sering terjadi mengingat penjualan yang tidak selalu habis, sementara ikan bandeng dapat bertahan hanya dalam 24 jam tanpa ada proses pengawetan sebelumnya. Disamping itu, pada ikan bandeng memiliki susunan jaringan yang longgar, kandungan nutrisi dan juga kandungan air yang cukup tinggi sehingga menjadi media pertumbuhan mikroba yang dapat menyebabkan ikan bandeng menjadi lebih mudah mengalami penurunan kualitas atau pembusukan (perishable food). Sehingga pada penelitian ini akan dilakukan analisa pemilihan konsep desain alat pirolisis yang berfungsi untuk memproduksi asap cair melalui proses pembakaran suhu tinggi dengan sedikit O₂, dengan konstruksi yang sederhana sehingga tidak membutuhkan keahlian khusus bagi pengguna pemula. Metodologi yang dipergunakan dalam menganalisa pemilihan konsep desain alat pirolisis asap cair untuk pengawetan ikan bandeng adalah menggunakan metode Pahl and Beitz dan juga metode Quality Function Deployment. Hasil penelitian adalah mendapatkan varian terbaik yaitu Varian 4 yaitu gas LPG – udara – terbuka – counter flow. Adapun keseluruhan pemilihan konsep desain alat pirolisis asap cair untuk pengawetan ikan bandeng yaitu: proses pembakaran mengunakan gas LPG, proses pendinginan menggunakan air, mekanisme pembakaran adalah tertutup (menggunakan drum), arah aliran kondensor adalah counter flow (berlawanan arah), dan konsep bentuk alat adalah silinder.
Pengaruh Parameter Proses Milling pada Austempered Ductile Iron (ADI) Terhadap Kekasaran Permukaan Benda Kerja dan Chip Thickness Ratio
Authors: Rusnaldy Rusnaldy , Umardani Yusuf , Putra Diva Tsamara , Bernard Jovian
Published: August 2021

Austempered ductile iron (ADI) is a difficult material for machining, even though ADI is believed to have several advantages such as strength, ductility, high toughness, fatigue resistance, good dynamic wear resistance, has a good strength-to-weight ratio, easy to manufacture  and easy to cast that causes it to be widely used in various applications.  This study investigates the effect of milling parameters on surface rougness and chip thickness ratio on milling of ADI. To produce ADI, ductile irons  were first austenitized in furnace at 900oC for 1 hour and then they were quenched in salt bath at 375oC for 1 hour. The work material was machined with uncoated carbide tool. The tool was 20 mm in diameter. The cutting experiments were carried out in the dry mode. The feed was varied from 0.05 to 0.1 mm/tooth for cutting speed ranging from 15 m/min to 25 mm/min and depth of cut ranging from 0.1 mm to 0.3 mm. The surface roughness was measured using the Mitutoyo SJ-201, surface roughness machine. The chip thickness was measured using software Image J from the photograph produced by digital microscope endoscope. The results show that connected and loose chips were produced. Long and continuous chips were not found in this study. The effects of cutting speeds, feeds and depth of cut on surface roughness and chip thickness ratio  are reported in this paper
Studi Eksperimen Pengaruh Jumlah Sudu Terhadap Kinerja Wind Turbine Crossflow
Authors: Fahrudin Fahrudin , Wahyuni Fitri , Oktavitasari Dini
Published: August 2021

Wind is an alternative energy that is environmentally friendly and sustainable. Therefore, we need a type of wind turbine that can receive wind from all directions. The crossflow type vertical axis wind turbine has a high torque coefficient at a low tip speed ratio. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the number of blades on the performance of the vertical axis crossflow wind turbine. The experimental test was carried out by varying the number of blades. The configuration is analyzed using the experimental wind tunnel test scheme which has been modified in the section test section. The results showed that the number of blades 16 has a power coefficient ( ) = 0.23 tip speed ratio (TSR) = 0.42 at a wind speed of 4 m / s.
Simulasi CFD Pengaruh Penggunaan Deflektor Pelat Lengkung terhadap Performa Turbin Air Savonius Sumbu Vertikal Dua Sudu
Authors: Widyantama Fakhrul , Suanggana Doddy , Gunawan Gad
Published: August 2021

Energi air adalah salah satu energi alternatif dengan potensi yang sangat besar di Indonesia yang dimanfaatkan sebagai pembangkit listrik yang memanfaatkan turbin air. Turbin yang dapat digunakan adalah turbin air jenis savonius dengan dua sudu. Dalam penelitian ini dibahas pengaruh pelat lengkung terhadap performa yang dihasilkan turbin air dengan menggunakan metode simulasi CFD. Dengan tiga variasi berupa pelat lengkung ukuran ½ sisi turbin dan ¼ sisi turbin serta tanpa pelat lengkung. Hasil akhir berupa hasil performa turbin air tanpa pelat dan performa turbin air dengan dua variasi Pelat lengkung.. Data yang didapatkan pada hasil simulasi adalah data torsi aktual turbin. Hasil yang didapatkan dari penelitian ini yaitu performa yang dihasilkan turbin Savonius dengan pelat lengkung lebih baik dari performa yang dihasilkan tanpa penggunaan pelat lengkung. Pengujian dengan penggunaan Pelat lengkung ukuran ½ sisi, pelat lengkung ukuran ¼ sisi, dan tanpa pelat lengkung didapatkan bahwa dengan penggunaan pelat lengkung ukuran ¼ sisi menghasilkan menghasilkan koefisien daya yang tertinggi yaitu 0,049 dan daya turbin sebesar 1,56 Watt pada TSR 0,3.
Pengaruh Variasi Kecepatan Pengadukan dengan Penambahan Perlakuan Panas Lapisan Electroless Ni-P terhadap Laju Korosi dan Kekerasan Permukaan Baja Karbon Rendah ASTM A36
Authors: Saefuloh Iman , Zakaria Zakaria , Rohmat Agus , Lusiani Rina , Jannah Miftahul , Sunardi Sunardi , Setiawan Ipick
Published: August 2021

Tujuan penelitian adalah menganalisa pengaruh kecepatan putar pengadukan dan treatment temperatur proses electroless pada baja karbon rendah ASTM A36 terhadap kualitas lapisan permukaan berdasarkan nilai ketahanan terhadap korosi dan nilai kekerasan serta morfologi permukaan. Penelitian dilakukan dengan memvariasikan. kecepatan pengadukan yang digunakan antara lain 250,300, dan 350 rpm, dan proses treatment temperatur 500 sengan waktu 120 menit. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa kenaikan kecepatan pengadukan menghasilkan ketahanan korosi yang kurang  baik dimana laju korosi tertinggi mencapai nilai 7.123 mm/year. namun nilai ketahanan terhadap korosi semakin membaik ketika diberi perlakuan panas. Nilai laju korosi terendah terdapat pada kecepatan 250  rpm yaitu 1.212 mil/year. Untuk nilai kekerasan dihasilkan hubungan semakin besar kecepatan putaran pengadukan  semakin meningkat nilai kekerasannya. Namun bila dibandingkan nilai kekerasan hasil proses perlakuan temperatur dan non perlakuan maka nilai kekerasan terbaik dimiliki oleh proses perlakuan temperatur
Pengaruh Variasi Temperatur Quenching Dan Media Pendingin Terhadap Tingkat Kekerasan Baja AISI 1045
Authors: Haryadi Gunawan Dwi , Utomo Angelius Fredy , Ekaputra I Made Wicaksana
Published: August 2021

Baja AISI 1045 merupakan baja yang memiliki kadar karbon sebesar 0,45%. Baja jenis ini banyak digunakan pada komponen kendaraan sepeda motor seperti: roda gigi, poros, dan bantalan. Pada penerapannya, baja sering mengalami keausan akibat dari gesekan dan tekanan. Untuk menjaga agar umur baja lebih tahan lama terhadap gesekan maka perlu dilakukan perlakuan panas quenching. Perlakuan panas quenching ini sangat berperan penting dalam upaya meningkatkan sifat mekanik yang terdapat pada baja AISI 1045. Perlakuan panas quenching yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu 800oC, 850oC, dan 900oC holding time selama 25 menit dengan menggunakan media pendingin air dan oli SAE 20W-50. Hasil beberapa data pengujian selanjutnya diolah dan dibandingkan tingkat kekerasan pada setiap variasi temperatur. Data yang diperoleh dari pengujian kekerasan Vickers (HV) sangat bervariasi. Pada baja AISI 1045 tanpa perlakuan (raw material) didapat nilai rata-rata kekerasan sebesar 202,78 HV. Selanjutnya nilai rata-rata kekerasan dengan media pendingin air pada temperatur 800oC sebesar 398,48 HV, 850oC sebesar 457,02 HV, dan 900oC sebesar 496,42 HV. Berikutnya, nilai rata-rata kekerasan dengan media pendingin oli SAE 20W-50 pada temperatur 800oC sebesar 252,87 HV, 850oC sebesar 402,55 HV, dan 900oC sebesar 476,92 HV. Nilai kekerasan optimal pada baja AISI 1045 terdapat pada suhu 900oC dengan media pendingin jenis air sedangkan nilai kekerasan paling rendah terdapat pada baja tanpa perlakuan (raw material).
The Effect of Auditor's Emotional Intelligence, Competence, and Independence on Audit Quality
Authors: Pinatik Sherly
Published: August 2021

The duty of auditor is examining and providing an opinion on the fairness of the financial statements of a business entity based on determining standards. Based on the foregoing, the auditor must maintain audit quality. This study aims to analyze the effect of emotional intelligence, competence, and auditor independence on audit quality. This study used a survey method with a quantitative descriptive approach. The sample in this study were all auditors of BPK RI representatives of North Sulawesi Province, as many as 61 respondents. Data analysis techniques were collected through the distribution of questionnaires which were rated and tabulated for analysis and the answers obtained by respondents were by predetermined variable values and being analyzed by using the Amos 24 software, where the data analysis technique was carried out to determine the effect of the SEM analysis approach. The results showed that the emotional intelligence variable had a positive and significant effect on audit quality, competence had a positive and significant effect on audit quality, and independence had a positive and significant effect on audit quality. It is hoped that these research results can be used as material or measurement indicators for BPK institutional auditors to recruit auditors based on knowledge and morals, and character.
The Effectiveness of Endobronchial Ultrasound-Guided Transbronchial Needle Aspiration in Patients With Undiagnosed Lung Cancer
Authors: Gül Şule , Niksarlıoğlu Elif Yelda , Yeter Ayşe
Published: August 2021

Objectives: Conventional bronchoscopic techniques and computed tomography-guided transthoracic needle aspiration are widely used in the diagnosis of lung cancer. In some patients diagnosis can be challenging. Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration can be used in the diagnosis of lung cancer after procedures have failed to provide a diagnosis. We aimed to show the effectiveness of Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration in the diagnosis of lung cancer in view of the literature and to share the experience from Turkey.

Material and Methods: This was a retrospective study conducted between 2014 and 2019. Forty-five patients who were suspected of having lung cancer and underwent Endobronchial ultrasound because diagnosis was not confirmed using methods such as bronchoscopy, computed tomography transthoracic needle aspiration, and peripheral lymph node excision, were included in the study.

Results: Three hundred sixty-eight Endobronchial ultrasound procedures were performed. Forty-five patients met the inclusion criteria and were included in the study. Using Endobronchial ultrasound, samples were taken from only mass in eight patients (17.8%), lymph nodes in 30 patients (66.7%), and mass + lymph node in seven (15.5%) patients. Minor complications were seen in five (11.1%) patients and no major complications were seen. Definitive diagnosis was obtained in 35 (77.7%) patients with Endobronchial ultrasound guided transbronchial needle aspiration. Non-small cell lung cancer was identified in 16 patients (45.7%), small cell lung cancer was seen in 15 (42.8%) patients. Seven of ten undiagnosed patients underwent surgical procedures.

Conclusion: Endobronchial ultrasound, is an effective and safe method for diagnosing lung cancer after undiagnosed procedures. In selected cases, it can be the first choice for the diagnosis of lung cancer.
International processes in Latin America: the legacy of the Comintern and new challenges
Authors:   St. Petersburg University, Andreev Anton , Pravdiuk Daria
Published: August 2021

The activities of the Third (Communist) International left a noticeable mark on the political history of Latin America. His ideological, organizational legacy remains a factor in shaping the theory and practice of contemporary leftist governments in the region. This article examines the impact of the legacy of the Comintern on international processes in Latin America, the development of integration projects, foreign policy projects of the left forces of the region. On the basis of archival documents, media materials, documents of parties and governments, the authors show which of the foreign policy guidelines of the Comintern are relevant for the region in the 21st century.
Reform universities, revolutionize societies. The Expansion of a Latin American Student Movement
Authors:   Universidad de Buenos Aires (Argentina), Bustelo Natalia
Published: August 2021

The article reconstructs the student intervention during the first decades of the 20th century to link the University Reform, movement started in the middle of 1918 in Córdoba, Argentina. By highlighting the students’ revolutionary enthusiasm and the continental spread, the article seeks to show that the newness of 1918 was the inscription in the left of the student demands, until then in agreement with the oligarchic republics. So it proposes that the well-known Latin American and anti-imperialist identity of the Reform, as characterized by the historiography on the subject, only takes shape in the middle of twenty decade.
Обґрунтування моделі турбулентної в’язкості для дослідження характеристик співвісного гвинтовентилятора і вхідного пристрою ГТД
Authors: Жорник Олег Володимирович , Кравченко Ігор Федорович , Мітрахович Михайло Михайлович , Денисюк Олеся Валеріїна
Published: August 2021

The issues of substantiation of the most rational, based on adequacy, model of turbulent viscosity for mathematical modeling of the flow near the propfan and in the inlet of the turbine-propeller engine are considered. It was found that at present there is no universal turbulence model for determining the parameters of the boundary layer, energy loss in the flow, and laminar-turbulent transition. Analysis of the results of previous studies showed that there is a need to select and justify a turbulent viscosity model for each type of research object. The task of modeling the flow near the propfan and in the inlet device of the power plant was performed using the ANSYS CFX software product, which allows using various standard mathematical models and tools for modeling turbulent flow. The object of research is an annular axial inlet device, in front of which there is a coaxial propfan with two rows of propellers: the first row has eight blades, the second - six. 7 types of models of turbulent viscosity, which most fully describe the phenomena in the flow around the propfan and the inlet device, have been investigated: k-ωmodel; SSТ (shear stress transport) SST Transitional №1 Fully turbulence; SST Transitional №2 Specified Intermittency; SST Transitional №3 Gamma model; SST Transitional №4 Gamma theta model; SST Transitional №5 Intermittency. The results of mathematical modeling of the flow near the propfan and in the inlet device at the corresponding operating mode of the turbopropfan engine using the selected models of turbulent viscosity, the total pressure value in front of and behind the inlet device was obtained to determine the total pressure recovery coefficient in it and the value of the propfan thrust. The value of the recovery factor of the total pressure in the inlet device and the propfan thrust are compared with the flight test data of the prototype. An analysis of the comparison of the values of the total pressure recovery factor in the inlet device and the propfan thrust showed that the use of the SST Transitional №4 Gamma theta model allows obtaining the value of the total pressure recovery factor in the inlet device and the propfan thrust that is closest to the flight test results.
Інтелектуальний регулятор запасу газодинамічної стійкості компресора авіаційного ГТД
Authors: Єнчев Сергій Васильович , Таку Сергій Олегович
Published: August 2021

The gas-dynamic stability of compressors of aircraft gas turbine engines is one of the most important conditions that determine their reliability and level of flight safety. Unstable operation of the compressor in the engine system (surge) leads to loss of thrust accompanied by an increase in gas temperature in front of the turbine and increased vibration because of large amplitudes of pressure pulsations and mass flow through the engine path. To improve the parameters of ACS aviation gas turbine engines are increasingly using regulators built using fuzzy logic algorithms. The implementation of fuzzy control algorithms differs from classical algorithms, which are based on the concept of feedback and reproduce a given functional dependence or differential equation. These functions are related to the qualitative assessment of system behavior, analysis of the current changing situation, and the selection of the most appropriate for the situation supervision of the gas turbine engine. This concept is called advanced management. ACS gas turbine engines with fuzzy regulators are nonlinear systems in which stable self-oscillations are possible. Approximate methods are used to solve the problems of analysis of periodic oscillations in nonlinear systems. Among them, the most developed in theoretical and methodological aspects is the method of harmonic linearization. The scientific problem is solved in the work – methods of synthesis of intelligent control system with the fuzzy regulator as a separate subsystem based on the method of harmonic linearization and design on its basis of fuzzy ACS reserve of gas-dynamic stability of aviation gas turbine engine. Based on the analysis of the principles of construction of fuzzy control systems, it is shown that the use of fuzzy logic provides a new approach to the design of control systems for aviation gas turbine engines in contrast to traditional control methods. It is shown that the fuzzy controller, as the only essentially nonlinear element when using numerical integration methods, can be harmonically linearized. Harmonic linearization allows using the oscillation index to assess the quality in the separate channels of fuzzy ACS aviation gas turbine engines. A fuzzy expert system has been developed for optimal adjustment of the functions of belonging of typical fuzzy regulators according to quality criteria to transients.
Метод формування еталонної моделі суб'єкта навчання інтелектуальної навчальної системи «Диспетчер Tower»
Authors: Джума Людмила Миколаївна , Дмітрієв Олег Миколайович , Лавриненко Олексій Сергійович , Сорока Михайло Юрійович
Published: August 2021

The rapid development of information technologies significantly affects all spheres of human activity, and if they are introduced into the training of aviation specialists, it becomes possible to shift the emphasis to the subject of training (trainee) independent work. The intelligent training system "ATC of Tower", which is being developed at the Information Technologies Department of the Flight Academy of the National Aviation University, aims to provide such an opportunity when training an air traffic controller of airport traffic control tower (henceforth Tower controller). For the system to meet modern requirements for intelligent training systems of this kind, it must support the user at the training stage and determine the level of his knowledge at the control stage. The implementation of such functions becomes possible when the current and reference models of the subject of training are implemented into the system. The reference model in the process of system functioning closely interacts with the current model, thereby ensuring the fixation of mistakes made by the trainee. Based on mistakes, the intelligent system forms an individual training trajectory for the subject of training. The implementation of the reference model, which is one of the main tasks of the above-mentioned system development, becomes possible due to the use of the proposed method of forming the trainee reference model, which is discussed in this article. The proposed method consists of several stages, each of which is a systematized set of modified (taking into account the specifics of the subject area) known methods. The method allows one to obtain such components of the reference model of the learning subject as the list of technological operations, the correctness of which must be monitored from the point of view of qualitative and quantitative indicators; the procedure (algorithm) for performing these technological operations, depending on the situation, which is determined by the air and/or ground situation, aircraft performance characteristics, weather conditions, etc.; information flows circulation model at the workplace of a given specialist, as well as reference values of the time spent on each technological operation, which provides the possibility of an objective automatic assessment of the operator's activity of the trainee.