bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An UAV-Assisted Edge Computing Resource Allocation Strategy for 5G Communication in IoT Environment
Authors: Liu Hao
Published: March 2022

As the computing capacity of existing mobile devices cannot fully meet the needs of users for communication quality, a computing resource allocation strategy for 5G communication in the Internet of Things (IoT) environment is proposed by applying UAV-assisted edge computing. First, a system model is constructed with the UAV deployed with mobile edge computing (MEC) servers to provide assisted computing services for multiple users on the ground. Based on the optimization of the UAV trajectory, communication scheduling, and the energy consumption model of the UAV, the problem of the total computational cost minimization is formulated. Then, the genetic algorithm is improved by introducing a penalty function to solve this problem, in which selection, crossover, and mutation operations are iterated to obtain the optimal allocation strategy for computational resources. Finally, a simulation platform is constructed to analyze the proposed method. The results show that the total cost and total time of the proposed strategy are better than other comparison strategies.
Effect of Respiration Training-Assisted Western Medicine Therapy on Activity Tolerance, Pulmonary Function, and Quality of Life of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients in the Stable Phase
Authors: Tong Yaqi , Cui Jia , Chai Di
Published: March 2022

Objective. To explore the effect of respiration training-assisted western medicine therapy on activity tolerance, pulmonary function, and quality of life (QOL) of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients in the stable phase. Methods. The medical data of 90 COPD patients in the stable phase treated in the respiratory medicine of our hospital (November 2020–November 2021) were chosen for the retrospective analysis, and the patients were split into group A (n = 45, respiration training-assisted western medicine therapy) and group B (n = 45, western medicine therapy) according to the clinical reception order, so as to record and compare the activity tolerance, lung function, and QOL between the groups after intervention. Results. Compared with group B after intervention, group A showed greatly longer mean 6-min walking distance, significantly lower St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) score, significantly higher specific airway conductance (sGAW) and level values of various lung function indicators, and significantly lower level values of airway resistance (RAW) and specific airway resistance (sRAW) (

p

all<0.001); the total effective rate was significantly higher in group A (

p

 < 0.05). Conclusion. Respiration training-assisted western medicine therapy is a dependable way to improve the activity tolerance of COPD patients in the stable phase, and such strategy largely improves patients’ lung function and QOL. Deeper studies will be helpful to establish a preferable solution for such patients.
Automatic Evaluation Method of Oral English Based on Multiplex Mode
Authors: Chi Xueqian
Published: March 2022

For the problem of the low accuracy of large-scale oral English, based on oral English from the perspective of difficulty of oral English text and phonology, a multimodal-based automatic oral English assessment method is proposed by using L2 regularized (multilayer perceptron, MLP) and 9 features affecting the automated assessment of oral English as model input. Simulation results show that the proposed method can well predictively assess oral English difficulty and performs well on RMSE and R2 metrics of 0.053 and 0.905, respectively, with certain advantages over conventional elastic network-based and random forest-based prediction models.
Multidrug‐Resistant Bacteria and Enterobacteriaceae Count in Abattoir Wastes and Its Receiving Waters in Limbe Municipality, Cameroon: Public Health Implications
Authors: Esemu Seraphine Nkie , Aka Tendongmo Kinsley , Kfusi Achah Jerome , Ndip Roland Ndip , Ndip Lucy Mande
Published: March 2022

The release of untreated wastes from abattoirs into the environment and nearby water bodies poses a significant threat to public health. Such litters may contain pathogens, including antibiotic‐resistant bacteria. This study investigated 80 samples collected from butchering tables, slaughter slabs, meat rinsing points, and abattoir wastes receiving water from two abattoirs (A and B). Total Enterobacteriaceae count (TEC) for each sample was determined, and Escherichia coli (E. coli), Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) were isolated and identified. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done on all bacterial isolates against nine locally used antibiotics. Overall, 118 bacterial isolates, comprising E. coli (42.5%), Salmonella spp. (27.5%), Shigella spp. (37.5%), and S. aureus (40.0%), were recovered. Of the 118 bacterial isolates, 104 (88.1%) were multidrug‐resistant, including 58 (55.8%) from abattoir A and 46 (44.2%) from abattoir B; however, this difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.6837). Of the 32 S. aureus isolates, 29 (90.6%) were multidrug‐resistant. All S. aureus were 100% sensitive to vancomycin, kanamycin, and amikacin. Similarly, 31 (91.2%) of the 34 E. coli isolates recovered in this study were multidrug‐resistant. Salmonella spp. and Shigella spp. also showed high levels of multidrug resistance corresponding to 81.8% and 86.7%, respectively. All isolates of E. coli, Salmonella, and Shigella were 100% resistant to ampicillin and 100% sensitive to ciprofloxacin. Minimum and maximum mean values for TEC were 3.62‐5.83 log CFU/mL for abattoir A and 4.08–5.56 log CFU/mL for abattoir B. The highest and lowest TEC counts were from slaughter slab and upstream water, respectively, in each abattoir. Our results indicate a predominance of multidrug‐resistant bacteria in abattoir wastes and their receiving waters in the study sites. Hence, we recommend the treatment of abattoir wastes before disposal and improved hygiene and sanitation practices to enhance public health.
Serum Carotenoids and Cancer-Related Fatigue: An Analysis of the 2005–2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Authors: Kleckner Amber S. , van Wijngaarden Edwin , Jusko Todd A. , Kleckner Ian R. , Lin Po-Ju , Mustian Karen M. , Peppone Luke J.
Published: March 2022

Cancer-related fatigue is a prevalent, debilitating condition, and preliminary evidence suggests a relationship between higher diet quality and lower fatigue. Serum-based carotenoids, Vitamin A, and Vitamin E are biomarkers of fruit and vegetable intake and therefore diet quality. To further elucidate the link between diet quality and cancer-related fatigue, associations were assessed between these serum-based nutrients and fatigue among American adults with special attention to cancer history. Data were analyzed from the United States 2005–2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey dataset. Ten carotenoids, vitamin A, vitamin E, and γ-tocopherol were measured from fasting blood samples and fatigue was patient-reported. Associations between carotenoid concentration and fatigue were estimated using ordinal logistic regression models. Adjusted models included a diagnosis of cancer (with the exception on nonmelanoma skin cancer, yes/no), age, body mass index, race/ethnicity, education, and exercise habits as covariates, and additional models included a cancer × nutrient interaction. Of 4,091 participants, 272 (8.0%) reported a history of cancer. Greater fatigue was associated with lower serum trans-lycopene, retinyl palmitate, and retinyl stearate (all P < 0.05) in separate models adjusting for potential confounders. For these nutrients, a one-SD increase in nutrient was associated with a 6.8%–9.9% lower risk of greater fatigue. Among cancer survivors only (n = 272), statistically significant associations were not observed between any of the nutrients and fatigue. In conclusion, greater serum concentrations of carotenoid biomarkers were associated with less fatigue. These results support further exploration into relationships between carotenoid intake, diet quality, and persistent fatigue.

Significance:

Cancer-related fatigue often persists for years into survivorship, reduces quality of life, and prevents people from returning to their lives before cancer. Interventions to address cancer-related fatigue are much needed. Herein, serum carotenoids were associated with lower fatigue, thereby supporting further development of nutritional interventions to address fatigue in survivorship.
Mosaic Variegated Aneuploidy Syndrome and Noonan Syndrome in the Same Family
Authors: Hübner Christian T. , Amin Asmaa K. , Dey Daniela , Meyer Robert , Eggermann Thomas
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Mosaic variegated aneuploidy syndrome 2 (MVA2) and Noonan syndrome (NS) are 2 genetic disorders with overlapping clinical features, including intrauterine growth retardation, dysmorphic features, and heart defects. Whereas NS is a well-known congenital entity, MVA2 is rare, and only a few cases have been reported in the literature. Case Presentation: We report on the molecular findings in 3 patients with short stature phenotypes from the same family. By considering the clinical overlap between the patients, a common cause for the small stature was assumed in the beginning, but by whole exome analysis (WES) it turned out that the phenotypes were caused by different pathogenic variants in CEP57 and PTPN11, respectively. As a result, both MVA2 and NS occurred in the same family. Conclusion: As our example shows, the parallel occurrence of pathogenic alterations in different genes in the same family constitutes a challenge for the interpretation of WES data and has to be considered. The diagnostic workup illustrates the need for a careful anamnesis and molecular documentation in affected and healthy family members. The knowledge on the different molecular causes underlying the features of the affected family members is the basis for personalised therapeutic managements and can avoid unnecessary burden and even contraindicated therapies; while in patients with NS carrying PTPN11 variants growth hormone treatment leads to height increase, patients with MVA2 carrying CEP57 probably do not benefit from it.
A New BCl6 Transcriptional Corepressor Variant Mosaicism in a Fetus with Severe Fetal-Eye Anomalies
Authors: Malinger Andrés , Brusilov Michael , Mitzad Koresh Daphna , Shohat Mordechai , Malinger Gustavo
Published: March 2022

We present the prenatal imaging of a fetus with severe eye anomalies diagnosed as carrying a new variant mosaicism on the BCOR gene.
The Evaluation of Exam Preparation for Reading Skills by Indonesian Daf-Teachers
Authors: Ardiyani Dewi Kartika , Rofiáh Rofiáh
Published: March 2022

The minimum competency assessment (Asesmen Kompetensi Minimum / AKM) is an assessment of the basic competencies of Indonesian learners. The AKM consists of test questions that are created by teachers. Self-competence and critical thinking of the learner are to be emphasized by these test questions. The AKM instrument comprises two basic skills, namely reading skills and mathematical skills (numeric). The aim of this study is to find out the difficulty of Indonesian German teachers in preparing for reading competence exams and to describe the AKM test questions for learning German at high school (SMA / MA) in Indonesia. This study used a descriptive-qualitative method with questionnaire as the data collection technique. The data is Indonesian German teachers (20 teachers) difficulty in reading exam preparation and the AKM test questions they had been created. Based on the data result of the questionnaire, it is found that most teachers have had difficulty creating questions about the content of the text that encourage critical thinking of the learners. In addition, the validation results of the AKM test questions show that the text selection should be adapted to the goals to be achieved. The tasks related to the text should be able to improve the productive skills of the learner, e.g.  graphic form. The selected text should contain a lot of information and the answer options should not be so easy to choose. The results of this research are intended to provide information for Indonesian German teachers so that they can create AKM test questions that encourage critical thinking skills of the learners. This can then develop the learner's reading skills.
The Presence of Soybean Plant Insects (Glycines Max L. Merril) in the Vegetative Phase with the Application Treatment of Streptomyces sp. and Trichoderma sp.
Authors: Avrianto Nugraha Iqbal , Suryaminarsih Penta , Widajati Wiludjeng
Published: March 2022

Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merill) is one of the main food crops in the community. In East Java, productivity has declined due to various factors, including pest attacks. This study aims to determine the diversity of insects by administering a mixture of biological control agents (BSAs) between Streptomyces sp. and Trichoderma sp. as an entomopathogen applied to soybean plants in the vegetative phase. The soybean plants were planted in plastic bags on the ground of the Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran Jawa Timur. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of Streptomyces sp. and Trichoderma sp. the type and population of parasites. This study used a randomized two-way block design of 13 treatments repeated 3 times. Based on the observations, the total number of insects found in the experimental field of UPN veterans Jawa Timur was 2,360 individuals, made up of six orders of insects. The four orders are divided into 8 families and 8 species. Hemiptera species became the most dominant order (2202 individuals; 93%), Orthoptera (108 individuals; 5%), Lepidoptera (18 individuals; 1%) and Diptera (32 individuals; 1%) . The use of Streptomyces sp. and Trichoderma sp. the single comparison treatment is more effective than the combined comparison on the pest population. The main insects include Aphid spp, Bemisia tabaci and Nezera viridula.
Effect of Dosage and Timing of Coconut Water on Growth and Yield of Tomato Plants (Lycopersicum Esculentum, Mill.)
Authors: Pikir Juli Santoso , Sanjaya Ersa Putri , Hidayat Ramdan
Published: March 2022

Tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum, mill.) is one of the horticultural commodities with high economic value. The demand is increasing from time to time. One of the factors that decrease productivity in tomato cultivation is due to high flower loss. This study aims to determine the effect of the best dose and time application of coconut water on the growth and yield of tomato plants. The research was conducted in March-June 2020 at the Experimental Garden of the Faculty of Agriculture, UPN “Veteran” Jawa Timur. The research used Completely Randomized Design (CRD) two factors which is dose and time application of coconut water that repeated three times for each treatment combination. The first factor was the dosage of coconut water with 4 levels, 0 ml/p; 500 ml/p; 1000 ml/p, and 1500 ml/p. The second factor was the time application of coconut water with 3 levels, 30 DAP, 45 DAP, and 60 DAP. The results showed that the combination treatment with a dosage of 500 ml with a time of application of 45 DAP showed the highest yields on the total number of harvested fruit, total harvested fruit weight, and fruitset.
Effect Soursop (Annona muricata L.) Leaf Aqueous Extract (SLAE) on Remodeling of Ventricle Heart Tissue in Obesity Rats Model
Authors: Haq Hafidh Nur , Rosidah Aris , Damayanti Dini Sri
Published: March 2022

A high-fat and high-fructose diet can lead to obesity which contributes to an increased risk of heart failure complications. Soursop leaves are known to have the potential of antioxidant, but research about the effects of soursop leaf on complications of heart failure has never been studied. This study evaluated whether soursop leaf aqueous extract can inhibit the total of cardiomyocyte necrosis, cardiomyocyte diameter, and density of cardiac collagen in obese rats. The heart organs of obese rats that have been paraffin, which randomly divided into normal group, obesity group, and soursop leaf aqueous extract (SLAE) group with dose I (100 mg/kgbw), II (200 mg/kgbw), and III (400 mg/kgbw) (n=6 rats). The rats were induced by high-fat high-fructose and SLI diets for 10 weeks. The number of necrosis and diameter cardiomyocytes were measured by using Hematoxylin Eosin staining, while the density of cardiac collagen was measured by Masson's Trichrome staining and then observed with a trinocular and dot side microscope at 200x and 400x magnification. Statistical analysis using One Way ANOVA and continued by LSD test. We found that group SLAE with doses I, II, and III significantly reduced the number of cardiomyocyte necrosis and cardiac collagen density compared to the obesity group. The SLI group with doses II and III significantly reduced the diameter of cardiomyocytes compared to the obesity group, while the SLAE group with the dose I was unable to reduce the diameter of cardiomyocytes. In conclusion, Soursop leaf aqueous extract can inhibit the increase of cardiac collagen density, number necrosis and diameter cardiomyocyte.
Effect of Varied Concentrations of Ethylhene Glycol as Pooled Serum Preservative on the Stability of Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) Ezyme
Authors: Fadhilah Fitri , Riyadi Sandra A. , Yuliani Euis
Published: March 2022

Quality controls aim to ensure the quality, accuracy, and thoroughness of an examination. Internal quality assurance is carried out by the laboratory itself using control materials, both commercial control materials and homemade control materials. This controlled material is then used to ensure the quality of an inspection. The stability of the control material is strongly influenced by the storage temperature where the recommended temperature is -20? which will be stable for up to 6 months and 2-8? which is stable for 6 days. In the manufacture of homemade control materials, a stable preservative, antifreeze, and antibacterial is needed but still maintains the integrity of the group serum. The preservative used is ethylene glycol. This study aims to determine the optimal concentration of ethylene glycol in stabilizing alkaline phosphatase levels in refrigerator temperature storage (4-8ºC) for 60 days. In this study, tests were conducted on pooled sera preserved with ethylene glycol in varying concentrations, namely 7.5%; 10%; 12.5%; 15%; and 17.5% and observed the stability of the Alkaline Phosphatase enzyme in pooled sera for 60 days with an interval of 10 days with a storage temperature of 4-8?. The study was conducted in July-August 2021 in the BLUD laboratory of RSUD dr. Ben Mboi, Manggarai. The results showed that the stability of alkaline phosphatase persisted until day 30, began to decrease on day 40, and continued to decrease until day 60 in each different concentration variation. different, namely 7.5%; 10%; 12.5%; 15%; and 17.5% had the same stability up to 30 days. The recommendation from the author is to observe at different temperatures so that the stability of Alkaline phosphatase can be known.
Reducing Sleep Disturbance by Using Slow Deep Breathing and Dhikr in Cancer Patients During Chemotherapy
Authors: Rosyid Fahrun Nur , Kristinawati Beti , Fitriani Nurlaila , Sugiyarti Sugiyarti , Rahman Ahmad Fadhlur
Published: March 2022

This study aims to investigate the effects of slow deep breathing (SDP) and dhikr on sleep disturbance in cancer patients during chemotherapy. This study used a Quasi-experiment design. A total of 44 cancer patients experiencing chemotherapy who met the inclusion criteria were divided into 2 groups of 22 patients. The treatment group practiced SDB and dhikr, while the control group practiced normal breathing. This intervention was performed for 30 minutes and repeated for 3 cycles of chemotherapy. Furthermore, sleep disturbance is measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index sheet. The data is analyzed using the Paired t-test, independent t-test, and Chi-square test with a significance limit of p <0.05. The result after 3 treatment cycles, sleep disturbances decreased in the treatment group from 7.64 ± 2.19 to 6.73 ± 1.78 or decreased by 0.91 ± 1.54, but in the control group, there was an increase from 5.00 ± 1 .90 to 5.18 ± 1.99 or an increase of 0.18 ± 0.85. The analysis results of SDP and dhikr effect on sleep disturbance in cancer patients during chemotherapy is significant (p=0.010). This study concludes SDB, and Dhikr can reduce sleep disturbance in cancer patients during chemotherapy.
Macrophage ALDH2 (Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 2) Stabilizing Rac2 Is Required for Efferocytosis Internalization and Reduction of Atherosclerosis Development
Authors: Zhang Jian , Zhao Xiangkai , Guo Yunyun , Liu Zhiping , Wei Shujian , Yuan Qiuhuan , Shang Haixia , Sang Wentao , Cui Sumei , Xu Tonghui , Yang Kehui , Guo Jialin , Pan Chang , Wang Jiali , Pang Jiaojiao , Han Tianrui , Chen Yuguo , Xu Feng
Published: March 2022

Background:

Clinical studies show that the most common single-point mutation in humans, ALDH2 (aldehyde dehydrogenase 2) rs671 mutation, is a risk factor for the development and poor prognosis of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Apoptotic cells are phagocytosed and eliminated by macrophage efferocytosis during atherosclerosis, and enhancement of arterial macrophage efferocytosis reduces atherosclerosis development.

Methods:

Plaque areas, necrotic core size, apoptosis, and efferocytosis in aortic lesions were investigated in APOE
−/−
mice with bone marrow transplanted from APOE
−
/−
ALDH2
−
/−
and APOE
−
/−
mice. RNA-seq, proteomics, and immunoprecipitation experiments were used to screen and validate signaling pathways affected by ALDH2. Efferocytosis and protein levels were verified in human macrophages from wild-type and rs671 mutation populations.

Results:

We found that transplanting bone marrow from APOE
−
/−
ALDH2
−
/−
to APOE
−
/−
mice significantly increased atherosclerosis plaques compared with transplanting bone marrow from APOE
−
/−
to APOE
−
/−
mice. In addition to defective efferocytosis in plaques of APOE
−
/−
mice bone marrow transplanted from APOE
−
/−
ALDH2
−
/−
mice in vivo, macrophages from ALDH2
−
/−
mice also showed significantly impaired efferocytotic activity in vitro. Subsequent RNA-seq, proteomics, and immunoprecipitation experiments showed that wild-type ALDH2 directly interacted with Rac2 and attenuated its degradation due to decreasing the K48-linked polyubiquitination of lysine 123 in Rac2, whereas the rs671 mutant markedly destabilized Rac2. Furthermore, Rac2 played a more crucial role than other Rho GTPases in the internalization process in which Rac2 was up-regulated, activated, and clustered into dots. Overexpression of wild-type ALDH2 in ALDH2
−
/−
macrophages, rather than the rs671 mutant, rescued Rac2 degradation and defective efferocytosis. More importantly, ALDH2 rs671 in human macrophages dampened the apoptotic cells induced upregulation of Rac2 and subsequent efferocytosis.

Conclusions:

Our study has uncovered a pivotal role of the ALDH2-Rac2 axis in mediating efferocytosis during atherosclerosis, highlighting a potential therapeutic strategy in cardiovascular diseases, especially for ALDH2 rs671 mutation carriers.
Impact of Age on Systemic Inflammatory Profile of Patients With ST-Segment–Elevation Myocardial Infarction and Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Bochaton Thomas , Leboube Simon , Paccalet Alexandre , Crola Da Silva Claire , Buisson Marielle , Mewton Nathan , Amaz Camille , Varillon Yvonne , Bonnefoy-Cudraz Eric , Rioufol Gilles , Cho Tae-Hee , Ovize Michel , Bidaux Gabriel , Nighoghossian Norbert , Mechtouff Laura
Published: March 2022

Background:

Aging is associated with a chronic low-grade inflammatory state. This condition may affect the acute inflammatory response involved in ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) or acute ischemic stroke (AIS). We sought to compare the profile of a set of circulating inflammatory markers between young and older patients admitted for STEMI or AIS.

Methods:

HIBISCUS-STEMI (Cohort of Patients to Identify Biological and Imaging Markers of Cardiovascular Outcomes in ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction) and HIBISCUS-STROKE (Cohort of Patients to Identify Biological and Imaging Markers of Cardiovascular Outcomes in Stroke) are 2 cohort studies that enrolled patients with STEMI treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention in the cardiac intensive care unit of Lyon and patients with AIS treated with mechanical thrombectomy in the Lyon Stroke Center, respectively from 2016 to 2019. Patients were classified as older if they were ≥65 years and as young if they were <65 years. In both cohorts, CRP (C-reactive protein), IL (interleukin)-6, IL-8, IL-10, MCP (monocyte chemoattractant protein), sTNF-RI (soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor I), sST2 (soluble form suppression of tumorigenicity 2), and VCAM-1 (vascular cellular adhesion molecule-1) were measured on serum collected at 5 time points using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. A multiple logistic regression model was performed to detect an association between area under the curve of circulating inflammatory markers within the first 48 hours and older age.

Results:

A total of 260 patients with STEMI and 164 patients with AIS were included. Of them, there were 76 (29%) and 105 (64%) older patients with STEMI and AIS, respectively. Following multivariable analysis, a high area under the curve of IL-6 and sTNF-RI, a low lymphocyte count, and a high neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio at 24 hours were associated with older age in patients with STEMI and AIS.

Conclusions:

Older patients had higher IL-6 and sTFN-RI levels within the first 48 hours associated with a lower lymphocyte count and a higher neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio at 24 hours in both cohorts.
Age Alters Prevalence of Left Atrial Enlargement and Nonstenotic Carotid Plaque in Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source
Authors: Oak Solomon , Cucchiara Brett L. , Thau Lauren , Nguyen Thanh N. , Sathya Anvitha , Reyes-Esteves Sahily , Vigilante Nicholas , Kamen Scott , Hall Jillian , Patel Parth , Garg Rahul , Abdalkader Mohamad , Thon Jesse M. , Siegler James E.
Published: March 2022

Background:

Nonstenotic carotid plaque and undetected atrial fibrillation are potential mechanisms of embolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS), but it is unclear which is more likely to be the contributing stroke mechanism. We explored the relationship between left atrial enlargement (LAE) and nonstenotic carotid plaque across age ranges in an ESUS population.

Methods:

A retrospective multicenter cohort of consecutive patients with unilateral, anterior circulation ESUS was queried (2015 to 2021). LAE and plaque thickness were determined by transthoracic echocardiography and computed tomography angiography, respectively. Descriptive statistics were used to compare plaque features in relation to age and left atrial dimensions.

Results:

Among the 4155 patients screened, 273 (7%) met the inclusion criteria. The median age was 65 years (interquartile range [IQR] 54–74), 133 (48.7%) were female, and the median left atrial diameter was 3.5 cm (IQR 3.1–4.1). Patients with any LAE more frequently had hypertension (85.9% versus 67.2%,
P
<0.01), diabetes (41.0% versus 25.6%,
P
=0.01), dyslipidemia (56.4% versus 40.0%,
P
=0.01), and coronary artery disease (22.8% versus 11.3%,
P
=0.02). Carotid plaque thickness was greater ipsilateral versus contralateral to the stroke hemisphere in the overall cohort (median 1.9 mm [IQR 0–3] versus 1.5 mm [IQR 0–2.6],
P
<0.01); however, this was largely driven by the subgroup of patients without any LAE (median 1.8 mm [IQR 0–2.9] versus 1.5 mm [IQR 0–2.5],
P
<0.01). Compared with patients ≥70 years, younger patients had more carotid plaque ipsilateral versus contralateral (mean difference 0.42 mm±1.24 versus 0.08 mm±1.54,
P
=0.047) and less moderate-to-severe LAE (6.3% versus 15.3%,
P
=0.02).

Conclusions:

Younger patients with ESUS had greater prevalence of ipsilateral nonstenotic plaque, while the elderly had more LAE. The differential effect of age on the probability of specific mechanisms underlying ESUS should be considered in future studies.
Otel İşletme Yöneticilerinde Yetki ve Sorumluluk*
Authors: AKIN Adnan , YOZGAT Uğur
Published: March 2022

Yetki ve sorumluluk birbirini tamamlayan yönetimin vazgeçilmez ilkelerindendir. Örgütlerin geleceği açısından etkili olan bu ilkenin emek yoğun özellik taşıyan turizm sektöründe de önemli olduğunu söylemek mümkündür. Çalışma, ulusal ve uluslararası otel işletmelerine danışmanlık hizmeti veren ve tepe yöneticiliği yapan/yapmış kişilerin yetki sorumluluk denkliği ile ilgili yaşadıkları problemleri tespit etmek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çalışmada yarı yapılandırılmış soru formu kullanılarak katılımcılarla görüşmeler sağlanmıştır. Elde edilen verilere içerik analizi, kelime bulutu ve fenomenoloji yöntemleri uygulanmıştır. Sonuçta, aile otel işletmelerinin sahip ve ortaklarının sektör bilgisinin yetersiz olduğu, yöneticilere tam anlamıyla güvenmedikleri saptanmıştır. Ayrıca, en iyisini ben bilirim anlayışından dolayı, aile otel işletmelerinde yetki ve sorumluluğun denkliğinin çok yetersiz olduğu belirlenmiştir. Yetki ve sorumluluğun denk olmamasının işletmenin kurumsallaşması önündeki en büyük engel olduğu, bu durumun yöneticilerin ve çalışanların performansını olumsuz etkileyerek, işletmeyi başarısızlığa götürdüğü saptanmıştır.
Ulusal Varlık Fonları
Authors: ENGİN İsmail
Published: March 2022

Modern anlamda Ulusal Varlık Fonlarının (UVF) kuruluşu, 1950’lere dayansa da son dönemde sahip oldukları varlıkların düzeyi, yatırımların sektörel ve bölgesel dağılımı dikkate alındığında, küresel ölçekte iktisadi, sosyal ve politik açılardan önemli etkiler meydana getirmektedir. Bu etkilerin gelecekte artarak ve çeşitlenerek devam edeceği beklenmektedir. Ulusal varlık fonları, iktisadi temellere dayalı yatırımlar yapabildiği gibi politik güdülerle de yatırım yapabilmektedir. Bu haliyle ulusal varlık fonları, hedef ülkede çeşitli stratejik sektörlere yatırım yaparak, gelecekte ekonomide arz güvenliğini tehdit edebilmektedir. Önemli ölçüde sermaye ihtiyacı içinde olan Türkiye’ye yönelik ulusal fon yatırımlarının, katkıları yanında sakıncaları da söz konusu olabilmektedir. Bu bağlamda, gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan ülke örneklerinden hareketle, ulusal varlık fonlarına yönelik düzenlemelerin yapılması büyük önem taşımaktadır. Bu düzenlemeler, uluslararası nitelikteki ilkelere ve düzenlemelere uygunluk biçiminde olabileceği gibi, ülke bazında da olabilmektedir.
BIST-100 Endeks Hareketlerinin BRICS Endeksleri Aracılığıyla Tahmin Edilmesi: Yapay Sinir Ağları Uygulaması
Authors: SAKA ILGIN Kübra , SERCAN SARI Salim
Published: March 2022

Bu çalışmada, BİST 100 endeks hareketlerinin BRICS ülkelerinin gösterge endeksleri ile tahmin edilmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Çalışmanın uygulama kısmında, tahmin için geliştirilen modellerde bağımlı değişken olarak BİST 100 endeksinin aylık kapanış fiyatları, bağımsız değişken olarak BRICS ülkelerinin gösterge endekslerinin aylık kapanış fiyatları kullanılmıştır. Bu kapsamda 5’i bağımsız, 1’i bağımlı değişken olmak üzere toplam 6 değişkenle kurulan 20 model Yapay Sinir Ağları (YSA) yöntemi ile analiz edilmiştir. Analizi yapılan tüm modellerde, 2008- 2019 yılları arasındaki aylık verilerden yararlanılmıştır. Değişkenlere ait toplanan 143 aylık verinin %70’i eğitim verisi olarak, %30’u ise matematiksel modellerin tahmin başarısını ölçmek için kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre, Yapay Sinir Ağları (YSA) yöntemi ile BİST 100 endeksini tahmin etmek için kurulan modellerin BRICS ülkelerinden sırasıyla Hindistan, Güney Afrika ve Rusya ülkeleri için başarılı sonuçlar verdiği gözlenmiştir.
First record of Glabellula Bezzi (Diptera, Mythicomyiidae: Glabellulinae) in South America, with description of three new species from Brazil
Authors: MENDES LUANNA L. , EVENHUIS NEAL L. , LIMEIRA-DE-OLIVEIRA FRANCISCO , LAMAS CARLOS J.E.
Published: March 2022

Studying material recently collected in Brazil, the authors found three new species of Glabellula (G. catiapatiuae sp. nov., G. rafaelae sp. nov., G. sarahae sp. nov.) that are described and illustrated herein. An identification key to the Brazilian species is also presented. This paper presents the first records of Glabellula in South America and the presence, for the first time, of the subfamily Glabellulinae in Brazil.
On the microphthalmous Lathrobium Gravenhorst species of Turkey III. Two new species from central northern Anatolia, and an updated key to Turkish species (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Paederinae)
Authors: ANLAŞ SİNAN
Published: March 2022

In this study, Lathrobium tokatense sp. n. (Tokat province) and L. amasiacum sp. n. (Amasya province), two new microphthalmous species of the genus Lathrobium s. str. from central northern Anatolia, are described and compared to closely related species, L. brignolii Bordoni, L. distortum and L. deforme Assing. Some specimens of the new species were obtained using subterranean pitfall traps in the mesovoid shallow substratum (MSS). The new species are included in an identification key for all microphthalmous Lathrobium s. str. species in Turkey. A total of 10 nominal microphthalmous species are now known to occur in Turkey.
Hybrid Nanofluid Flow of Non-Newtonian Casson Fluid for the Analysis of Entropy Through a Permeable Medium
Authors: Mishra S. R. , Mathur P. , Pattnaik P. K.
Published: March 2022

The magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow of an electrically conducting fluid through a rotating channel is used for the enhancement of heat transfer properties. The entropy analysis due to the irreversibility of the system for the non-Newtonian Casson hybrid nanofluid is proposed in this
investigation. Ethylene glycol (EG) is considered as the base liquid in which the metal nanoparticle i.e., copper (Cu) and oxide like aluminium oxide (Al2O3) nanoparticles are submerged into it for the preparation of nanofluid. In addition, the implementation of radiative
heat, viscous and Joule dissipation in the energy equation enhance the profile as well. The dimensionless for of the governing equations are obtained by using suitable similarity transformations. The solution is obtained numerically for both the primary and the secondary velocity distributions
along with the temperature profiles and the physical significance of the pertinent parameters are presented via graphs. The simulated results for the rate coefficients at both the walls are presented in tabular form. Further, the irreversibility process for the thermal system i.e., the entropy
analysis is carried out for the several parameters along with the Bejan number and deliberated clearly. Further, the important findings are; an increasing rotation retards the thickness of the bounding surface of the primary velocity near the lower wall however, significant augmentation in
the shear rate as well as heat transfer rate is revealed for the augmenting magnetic and the rotation parameter.
Entropy Generation in Double Diffusive Convective Magnetic Nanofluid Flow in Rotating Sphere with Viscous Dissipation
Authors: Almakki Mohammed , Mondal Hiranmoy , Mburu Zack , Sibanda Precious
Published: March 2022

We scrutinize the numerically investigates entropy generation for unsteady magnetic nanofluid with stagnation region of an impulsively rotating sphere with viscous dissipation and chemical reaction effects. Employing the similarity technique, the equations modeling are switched into
highly nonlinear differential equations with boundary layer flow. These equations are numerically executed with bivariate spectral quasilinearization method. The entropy generation effect of varying various pertinent different parameters are taken into account and the results analyzed graphically.
The rate of entropy generation and energy related temperature profiles increased with increased of thermal radiation parameter, chemical reaction and rotation parameters while increased values of the magnetic number had a negative impact impact on rate of entropy generation. Variables of engineering
interest which includes the skin friction coefficient, the Nusselt number and the Sherwood number were also analyzed in a table. These numerical results will be of great value to chemists, biologists, physicists, and engineers interested in the theory and applications of entropy generation.
Thermally Radiant Williamson Nanofluid Flow Over a Permeable Stretching Sheet with Viscous Dissipation and Joule Heating Effects
Authors: Gorfie Eshetu Haile , Zergaw Gurju Awgichew , Assres Hunegnaw Dessie
Published: March 2022

The present paper focuses on the study of an incompressible flow of a steady two-dimensional electrically conducting thermally radiant Williamson nanofluid over a permeable stretching sheet with viscous dissipation and joule heating effects. The governing partial differential equations
are reduced to a couple of nonlinear ordinary differential equations by using suitable transformation equations; these equations are then solved numerically with the use of the conventional fourth-order Runge Kutta method accompanied by the shooting technique. Graphical results of the flow,
temperature, and nanoparticles volume fraction profiles are displayed. Effects of the physical parameters on velocity, temperature, nanoparticles volume fraction, skin friction coefficient, and the rates of heat and mass transfer are investigated. The results indicate that the velocity ratio
parameter enhances the skin friction coefficient, the velocity profile, and the rate of heat transfer whereas it minimizes the rate of mass transfer. On the other hand, increasing the values of the mass suction parameter results in both the velocity and the temperature boundary layer thickness
decrease whereas increasing the mass injection enhances both the velocity and the temperature profiles; but it vigorously enhances the rate of heat transfer. The non-Newtonian parameter fosters the rate of heat transfer whereas it lessens both the velocity and rate of mass transfer of the
nanofluid.
Drag Coefficient and Its Sea State Dependence under Tropical Cyclones
Authors: Zhou Xiaohui , Hara Tetsu , Ginis Isaac , D’Asaro Eric , Hsu Je-Yuan , Reichl Brandon G.
Published: March 2022

The drag coefficient under tropical cyclones and its dependence on sea states are investigated by combining upper-ocean current observations [using electromagnetic autonomous profiling explorer (EM-APEX) floats deployed under five tropical cyclones] and a coupled ocean–wave (Modular Ocean Model 6–WAVEWATCH III) model. The estimated drag coefficient averaged over all storms is around 2–3 × 10−3 for wind speeds of 25–55 m s−1. While the drag coefficient weakly depends on wind speed in this wind speed range, it shows stronger dependence on sea states. In particular, it is significantly reduced when the misalignment angle between the dominant wave direction and the wind direction exceeds about 45°, a feature that is underestimated by current models of sea state–dependent drag coefficient. Since the misaligned swell is more common in the far front and in the left-front quadrant of the storm (in the Northern Hemisphere), the drag coefficient also tends to be lower in these areas and shows a distinct spatial distribution. Our results therefore support ongoing efforts to develop and implement sea state–dependent parameterizations of the drag coefficient in tropical cyclone conditions.
Measuring Displacement Errors with Complex Wavelets
Authors: Buschow Sebastian
Published: March 2022

When highly resolved precipitation forecasts are verified against observations, displacement errors tend to overshadow all other aspects of forecast quality. The appropriate treatment and explicit measurement of such errors remains a challenging task. This study explores a new verification technique that uses the phase of complex wavelet coefficients to quantify spatially varying displacements. Idealized and realistic test cases from the MesoVICT project demonstrate that our approach yields helpful results in a variety of situations where popular alternatives may struggle. Potential benefits of very high spatial resolutions can be identified even when the observational dataset is coarsely resolved itself. The new score can furthermore be applied not only to precipitation but also variables such as wind speed and potential temperature, thereby overcoming a limitation of many established location scores.

Significance Statement

One important requirement for a useful weather forecast is its ability to predict the placement of weather events such as cold fronts, low pressure systems, or groups of thunderstorms. Errors in the predicted location are not easy to quantify: some established quality measures combine location and other error sources in one score, others are only applicable if the data contain well-defined and easily identifiable objects. Here we introduce an alternative location score that avoids such assumptions and is thus widely applicable. As an additional benefit, we can separate displacement errors into different spatial scales and localize them on a weather map.
Standoff Detection System Using Raman Spectroscopy in the Deep-Ultraviolet Wavelength Region for the Detection of Hazardous Gas
Authors: Eto Shuzo , Ichikawa Yuji , Ogita Masakazu , Sugimoto Sachiyo , Asahi Ippei
Published: March 2022

This study developed a standoff detection system for Raman spectra in the deep-ultraviolet region to facilitate remote detection of various hazardous materials. Although Raman spectroscopy can distinguish various materials, the measurement of Raman spectra through standoff detection is challenging because of the low scattering cross-section of Raman scattering. The resonance Raman scattering effect in the deep-ultraviolet wavelength region is promising in terms of enhancing the spectral intensity of Raman scattering. A catoptric light receiver system was developed to effectively collect deep-ultraviolet light via a change in the distance from the primary to secondary mirror of the telescope. The experimental results for the standoff detection indicate that the system enables the measurement of the Raman spectrum of SO2 gas, which was locally present 20 m from the system with a wavelength resolution of 0.15 nm. The gas used in this remote measurement has a relatively simple molecular structure among chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, and explosive gases. However, the high wavelength resolution of Raman spectroscopy will enable measurement of substances with complex molecular structures, such as bacteria and explosives, without losing the detailed structure of their spectra.
The review of fiber-based sound-absorbing structures
Authors: Zhang Chunchun , Li Huiqin , Gong Jixian , Chen Jiahao , Li Zheng , Li Qiujin , Cheng Meilin , Li Xin , Zhang Jianfei
Published: March 2022

According to the World Health Organization, noise pollution is second only to air pollution in its impact on health and the environment. Fiber-based sound-absorbing structures have great application potential in the field of sound absorption and noise reduction because they can provide a wider sound absorption range than traditional porous fiber materials, and at the same time have the advantages of light weight, low cost and strong processability. Consequently, significant research interest in the field of noise control has been directed into the study of composite sound-absorbing materials based on porous fiber materials. In this review, we have summarized manifold theoretical structures based on fiber materials, such as multilayer structure, porous micro/nano structure, membrane sound-absorbing structure and perforated resonance structure of fiber-based sound-absorbing structures, aiming to illustrate that the structure must affect the sound absorption performance of the material. The focus is on the research and development of the design concepts, and preparation methods of fiber-based acoustic structures are reviewed. Finally, this review concludes with the prospects and outlook for fiber-based acoustic structures. We hope that this article which reviews the structure design principle and preparation method of fiber-based sound-absorbing structures can give inspirations for readers.
Supine dynamic simulation and latex pillow design for Chinese women based on finite element method
Authors: Chen Shunwei , Wang Xueqin , Sun Mengqing , Deng Qiannan
Published: March 2022

The ergonomics on body pressure distribution of latex product design is the future trend in bedding product design. The numerical simulation of latex pillow compression performance is critical for the optimal design of bedding products. This paper reports the use of the finite element method to simulate the compression performance of latex foam and the design of latex pillows based on the pressure distribution and displacement changes of the human pillow system. The compression performance, shear performance and tensile performance of the latex foam are tested, and the stress and strain images of three mechanical experiments are obtained. Combined with the experimental results, three methods of ‘hyper foam test data, hyper foam model parameter method and low-density foam method’ were used to perform uniaxial compression simulation on bedding latex foam using the finite element software ABAQUS. The simulation results and experimental values were fitted and analyzed. The analysis found that the low-density foam simulation method has the largest R2, which is 0.9871, and the simulation result is the most accurate. The optimal simulation method was selected to simulate the dynamic pressure changes and cervical displacement of the human head and latex pillow models, as well as the simulation experiments with latex pillows of different heights. The curve is fitted to obtain the second-order polynomial equations of pressure and cervical socket displacement. In contrast, it can be concluded that latex pillow products with a neck height of 100 mm are better for the supine position of younger adult women in China.
(Overcoming) Maternity Bias in the Workplace: A Systematic Review
Authors: Arena David F. , Volpone Sabrina D. , Jones Kristen P.
Published: March 2022

Maternity, a period of transition beginning with prenatal bodily changes and progressing through postnatal lactation, is experienced by up to 66% of working women. Over the past several decades, research on maternity in the workplace has grown exponentially to reveal salient maternity biases that plague women as they navigate their employee and motherhood identities. With the aim of providing information that aids scholars and practitioners in better understanding the experiences of working mothers, we conducted a systematic review of 239 papers on maternity bias (i.e., formal, interpersonal, and internalized). Our interdisciplinary review discusses these three forms of bias and how they might present across different career stages for working mothers. Additionally, we review the antecedents that may drive maternity bias and the outcomes that result for working mothers who perceive or anticipate bias at work. Finally, we discuss areas of previous research aimed at overcoming maternity bias from the perspective of working mothers, their colleagues, and their organization. We conclude by discussing the trends brought to light in our review, the collective strengths and weaknesses of commonly adopted theoretical perspectives of the research reviewed, implications for combating maternity bias for women and their organizations, and recommendations for future research. Our model of maternity bias comprehensively reviews past work to provide insights into the bias that working mothers endure at work but also provides a path forward, as better understanding these biases empower organizations, coworkers, and employees to remediate maternity bias.