bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SMALL BUSINESS ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN VIETNAM: THE CASE OF THE PUBLIC RELATIONS INDUSTRY [USAHA KECIL DI VIETNAM: KASUS PUBLIC RELATIONS INDUSTRI]
Authors: Ly-Le Tuong-Minh
Published: September 2021

A better understanding of entrepreneurship in different sectors and its motivations, roles, and challenges offer new opportunities for entrepreneurs to start their business and participate in the national and global economy. This research studied the different entrepreneurial factors that influence the growth stage of public relations companies in Vietnam. In particular, the research examined how the founder's role shifted during the growth stage, and the motivations behind the founder's decision to retain or release their control in this stage. Using the inductive, grounded theory approach to explore the decision of a founder in Vietnam’s public relations industry during a company’s growth stage, this study found that public relations founders in Vietnam are generally driven by the accomplishments and challenges picked up from their entrepreneurial journey. Their journey mainly revolves around managerial experience, as the managerial tasks would be more complicated and require better managerial skills to address the challenges. They are also open to delegating their role to a professional manager, who already possesses the required management skills, to support the business.

Abstrak dalam Bahasa Indonesia. Pemahaman yang lebih baik tentang kewirausahaan di berbagai sektor dan motivasi, peran, dan tantangannya menawarkan peluang baru bagi pengusaha untuk memulai bisnis mereka dan berpartisipasi dalam pembangunan ekonomi nasional dan global. Penelitian ini mempelajari faktor-faktor kewirausahaan yang mempengaruhi tahap pertumbuhan perusahaan Public Relation di Vietnam. Secara khusus, penelitian ini meneliti bagaimana bergesernya peran pendiri dalam beberapa tahap pertumbuhan, dan motivasi di balik keputusan pendiri untuk mempertahankan atau melepaskan pengaruh mereka pada tahap tertentu. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan induktif, grounded theory untuk mengeksplorasi keputusan seorang pendiri pada industri Public Relation di Vietnam selama tahap pertumbuhan perusahaan, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa pendiri umumnya didorong oleh pencapaian dan tantangan yang diambil dari perjalanan kewirausahaan mereka. Perjalanan mereka terutama berkisar pada pengalaman manajerial,Tugas manajerial akan lebih rumit dan membutuhkan keterampilan manajerial yang lebih baik untuk mengatasi tantangan. Mereka juga terbuka untuk mendelegasikan peran mereka kepada manajer profesional, yang telah memiliki keterampilan manajemen yang dibutuhkan, untuk mendukung bisnis.
LICENCIAMENTO AMBIENTAL PARA CAPTAÇÃO EMERGENCIAL DE ÁGUA: CONDICIONANTES E DURAÇÃO DO PROCESSO
Authors: Lopes Josias Pereira , Almeida Alexandre Nascimento de
Published: September 2021

A demora do licenciamento ambiental tem sido objeto de muitas críticas, principalmente nos casos de empreendimentos com forte apelo social como, por exemplo, as captações emergenciais de água. O objetivo do trabalho é analisar o licenciamento ambiental para captação emergencial de água no Distrito Federal – DF. O método é a pesquisa documental em três processos de licenciamento ambiental para captação emergencial no DF. O tempo de tramitação dos processos analisados foi de 255, 486 e 1.050 dias, respectivamente. O processo mais ágil deve-se ao menor porte do empreendimento, permitindo o licenciamento dentro de um processo simplificado. Já o processo mais demorado explica-se pelo seu enquadramento como emergencial de forma tardia. Depois de identificar um total de 122 condicionantes ambientais nos três processos analisados, excluíram-se as condicionantes específicas e as repetidas chegando a um conjunto de 37 condicionantes aplicáveis em qualquer outro empreendimento de captação de água A agilidade do licenciamento ambiental para captação de água está relacionada com a organização do processo, podendo otimizar o mesmo com a lista padrão de condicionantes alcançada.
Europejski Trybunał Praw Człowieka i demokracja
Authors: Wiśniewski Adam
Published: September 2021

Europejski Trybunał Praw Człowieka to jedyny w swoim rodzaju sąd międzynarodowy, który określa standardy międzynarodowej ochrony praw człowieka, obejmując swoją jurysdykcją 47 krajów europejskich. W założeniu twórców Europejskiej Konwencji Praw Człowieka, na podstawie której powstał ten Trybunał, miał on działać jako rodzaj sumienia Europy, które będzie ostrzegało przed niebezpieczeństwem powrotu totalitaryzmu.
Celem niniejszego opracowania jest próba odpowiedzi w szczególności na pytanie, czy strasburski Trybunał nadal spełnia swoją funkcję „sumienia Europy” przypisaną mu przez jego twórców, ostrzegając przed tendencjami antydemokratycznymi. Nie mniej ważne jest pytanie o koncepcję demokracji rozwijaną w orzecznictwie ETPC i jej prawne znaczenie dla państw-stron EKPC.
Orzeczenia w sprawach rosyjskiego opozycjonisty Aleksieja Nawalnego i przywódcy kurdyjskiego Selahattina Demirtasa pozwalają uznać, iż ten międzynarodowy organ sądowniczy nadal odgrywa przypisaną mu przez autorów Konwencji rolę sumienia Europy, wskazując w swoim orzecznictwie na zagrożenia dla praw jednostki i demokracji w krajach europejskich. Trybunał wielokrotnie przypomina, że ​​demokracja stanowi fundamentalny element „europejskiego porządku publicznego”. Wizja demokracji i elementy społeczeństwa demokratycznego nakreślone w orzecznictwie Trybunału w Strasburgu są wiążące dla państw-stron Konwencji Europejskiej. Ważne jest, aby rolę ETPC widzieć w szerszym kontekście — nie jako ograniczenie suwerenności państwa, ale jako pewne trwałe osiągnięcie w tradycji kultury prawno-politycznej Europy, jako jeden z gwarantów skutecznego zapobiegania powrotowi totalitaryzmu na tym kontynencie.
Filozofia polityczna a racja stanu. Część 1
Authors: Rau Zbigniew
Published: September 2021

Racja stanu, rozumiana jako racja istnienia państwa, wyrażona przez syntezę normatywności i polityczności, czy też szerzej — wymiaru normatywnego i empirycznego, a także uniwersalnego i partykularnego, abstrakcyjnego i konkretnego, wymaga uzasadnienia filozofii politycznej. Niemniej jednak w zasadniczym dorobku zachodniej filozofii politycznej, a więc zarówno w tradycji arystotelesowskiej, jak i marksistowskiej czy liberalnej, racja stanu nie może liczyć na doktrynalne wsparcie. W tradycjach tych nie ma bowiem rozróżnienia między tym, co charakteryzuje wszystkie państwa, a tym, co wyróżnia konkretne z nich. Wszystkie one koncentrują się prawie wyłącznie na tym, co dla państw jest wspólne. Wszystko, co w danej tradycji cechuje jedno państwo, cechuje też każde inne i wszystkie państwa razem. Jest tak dlatego, że wszystko, co w jednej tradycji charakteryzuje poddanego czy obywatela danego państwa, charakteryzuje też każdego innego poddanego czy obywatela tegoż państwa, a także każdego innego poddanego czy obywatela każdego innego państwa oraz wszystkich poddanych i obywateli wszystkich państw. Podobnie wszystko, co charakteryzuje w jednej tradycji dane społeczeństwo w konkretnym państwie, charakteryzuje też każde inne społeczeństwo w każdym innym państwie i wszystkie społeczeństwa we wszystkich państwach. Tym samym konieczne dla konceptualizacji racji stanu rozróżnienie między tym, co charakteryzuje wszystkie państwa, a tym, co wyróżnia konkretne z nich, w prezentowanych tu tradycjach filozofii politycznej nie ma racji bytu.
Noam Chomsky o systemie władzy w Stanach Zjednoczonych, czyli amerykański sen o demokracji
Authors: Baranowska Marta
Published: September 2021

Celem badawczym artykułu jest analiza poglądów Noama Chomsky’ego dotyczących ustroju Stanów Zjednoczonych, które zawarł w książce Requiem dla amerykańskiego snu. 10 zasad koncentracji bogactwa i władzy. Pytania badawcze dotyczą roli prawa pozytywnego w relacjach władzy: czy wyznacza ono faktyczną strukturę władzy, czyli uprawnienia poszczególnych instytucji, czy też jest tylko formą kamuflującą rzeczywistość? Innymi słowy, czy system prawny, a przede wszystkim Konstytucja, jest filarem czy też fasadą struktur władzy? Metodami badawczymi są metoda analizy treści tekstu zawierającego poglądy polityczne dotyczące struktur władzy autorstwa Chomsky’ego oraz analiza systemowa (makrosystemowa).
Zdaniem Chomsky’ego mamy do czynienia z koncentracją bogactwa i władzy w rękach niewielkiej grupy najbogatszych. Jego poglądy wpisują się w nurt ideowy amerykańskiej Nowej Lewicy. Chomsky starał się opisać współczesny system władzy i negatywne konsekwencje tego stanu rzeczy. Jednocześnie podkreślał, że poprzednie pokolenia wywalczyły całkiem sporą sferę wolności dla społeczeństwa, dzięki czemu ma ono wyjątkową możliwość, by zmienić istniejący stan rzeczy. W celu dotarcia do jak największej liczby czytelników Chomsky swoje poglądy przedstawił prostym językiem i wypunktował faktyczne zasady funkcjonowania struktur władzy w Stanach Zjednoczonych. Pokazał, w jaki sposób przejmują oni efektywnie kontrolę nad społeczeństwem i politykami. Wnioski, jakie można wyprowadzić z jego rozważań, są takie, że w obecnym stanie rzeczy mamy do czynienia z hipokryzją systemu polegającą na dysonansie między zapisami Konstytucji i systemem prawa ustanawiającym system demokracji przedstawicielskiej a rzeczywistością polityczną. Chomsky podkreślał, że amerykański sen o demokracji się nie ziścił, bo większość społeczeństwa nie ma żadnego wpływu na faktyczne decyzje polityków. Oznacza to, że system władzy nie gwarantuje realizacji wprost zapisanych zasad prawa, ponieważ jego interpretacja i stosowanie są zależne od interesów podmiotów faktycznie dzierżących władzę, której źródłem jest wyłącznie bogactwo. Chomsky jest jednym z przedstawicieli Nowej Lewicy, według której istniejące struktury władzy należy określić mianem „państwa korporacyjnego”, a jego znamienną cechą jest totalitaryzm, oparty nie na brutalnej przemocy, lecz na „represji psychicznej” godzącej w indywidualność ludzi. Celem Chomsky’ego jest demaskacja faktycznych struktur władzy, ponieważ uważał, że świadomi tych mechanizmów obywatele dzięki wolności zrzeszania się i wolności słowa są w stanie zmienić ten stan rzeczy.
Z problematyki podmiotów prawa cywilnego i praw podmiotowych prywatnych obywateli polskich w Generalnym Gubernatorstwie
Authors: Górnicki Leonard
Published: September 2021

Artykuł dotyczy zagadnień z zakresu problematyki podmiotów prawa cywilnego i praw podmiotowych prywatnych obywateli polskich w Generalnym Gubernatorstwie (Generalgovernment für die besetzten polnischen Gebiete), istniejącym w latach 1939–1945.
Po ogólnym nakreśleniu koncepcji i rzeczywistości Generalnego Gubernatorstwa jako Reststaatu autor wykazuje, że odrębna sytuacja prawna poszczególnych grup narodowościowych (status narodowy, status rasowy) zamieszkujących w Generalnym Gubernatorstwie, naruszająca zasadę równości wobec prawa, wpływała na wiele stosunków cywilnoprawnych. Analizie kolejno zostają poddane takie kwestie, jak: prawo do wstępowania w związki małżeńskie oraz utrzymywania stosunków seksualnych, naruszenie autonomii woli w zakresie prawa do świadczenia pracy, ograniczenia autonomii woli podmiotu prawa i pozycji prawnej w obrocie profesjonalnym, a wreszcie dyskryminacja ludności żydowskiej jako podmiotów prawa prywatnego.
Autor dowodzi, że w odniesieniu do ludności polskiej, w interesującym nas tu zakresie prawa cywilnego, co prawda przed sądami polskimi stosowano polskie ustawodawstwo, jednak zostało ono w istotny sposób zmienione bądź uchylone przez ustawodawstwo Generalnego Gubernatorstwa. Ponieważ autonomia jednostki przestała być zasadniczym elementem prawa prywatnego, to tym samym nie tylko coraz wyraźniej zawężała się sfera, w której podmiot prawa swobodnie regulował sytuacje prawne stworzone aktami swojej woli, lecz także, a nawet w szczególności, zmniejszała się sfera tradycyjnie chronionych przez prawo cywilne praw podmiotowych prywatnych jednostek. Efekt dyskryminacji narodowościowej i rasowej Polaków łączył się tu nierozerwalnie z fundamentalnym dla interesów Trzeciej Rzeszy aspektem wyzysku ekonomicznego. W stosunku do ludności żydowskiej natomiast od samego początku zasadniczym celem okupanta było pozbawienie Żydów godności osobistej, ich stygmatyzacja, upokorzenie, pozbawienie woli oporu i zmuszenie do posłuszeństwa eksploatacja ekonomiczna, „wyniszczenie przez pracę”, a ostatecznie eksterminacja całego narodu.
SNIIGGIMS AS THE INITIATOR OF SETTING-UP AN OIL-PROSPECTING ELECTRIC EXPLORATION OF NEAR-FIELD TIME-DOMAIN ELECTROMAGNETIC SOUNDING ON THE SIBERIAN PLATFORM (HISTORICAL INSIGHT)
Authors:   Tsikl Geom, Zakharkin A. K.
Published: September 2021

The article is devoted to the origin history and development of electric exploration of NFTDES (near-field time-domain electromagnetic sounding) in Siberia. The described historical insight covers the period from the mid-sixties to the mid-nineties of the last century – the period of origin, flourishing and extinction (thank God, temporary), associated with the well-known “reconstruction of our lives”. The main attention is paid to the description of events that took place within the framework of the oil exploration direction, in the midst of which the author was lucky enough to work all this time. Using the traditional terminology of 2020, this was the beginning of the “first wave” of formation and development of the Siberian school of electric exploration, the core of which was the “tandem” of electric explorers of SNIIGGiMS and IGiG SB AS USSR.
VERTICAL ZONING OF THE COPPER-MOLYBDENUM FORMATION OF THE KUZNETSK ALATAU (KHAKASSIA)
Authors:   Siberian Research Institute of Geology, Geophysics and Mineral Resources, Novosibirsk, Russia, Khomichev V. L.
Published: September 2021

The previously identified zoning of the copper-molybdenum formation based on a comparison of geological features of the Sorskoye, Ipchulskoye and other deposits, is confirmed by a comparison of their deep structure and general model of the ore-magmatic system. As a result, it was possible to determine the distribution of ore matter and the degree of concentration of fluids and metals in the evolutionary chain in the first approximation: the initial granite melt-leucogranite residual chamber – ore-forming apophyse from the chamber. The maximum concentration in apophyse is 1000–2000 times higher than the initial content in an ordinary granite. This makes it possible to consider the fluidized apophyse melt as “ore magma” responsible for the ore formation.
The Main German Parties Ahead of the 2021 Bundestag Elections
Authors: Khorolskaya M.
Published: September 2021

The article is devoted to changes in the party-political system of Germany. Elections to the Bundestag are to be held in Germany on September 26. After 16 years of the leadership, Angela Merkel will not run for chancellor. Currently, the main German political parties face challenges. Major parties lose electoral support. The emergence of a new party, the “Alternative for Germany”, split votes, and makes it difficult to form a coalition. Parties should also overcome internal split and find their identity in a changing world. An analysis of the electoral programmes revealed that German political parties seek to return to traditional identity. CDU/CSU moves to the right, seeking to win back the AfG supporters. SPD and FDP in their electoral documents also appeal to their traditional electorate. The AfG’s nomination of lead candidates supported by the right wing of the party also indicates that the “Alternative for Germany” will move towards radical right-wing positions. The Left Party comes out with radical leftist demands, which limits the possibility of its entry into the coalition. The most successful is the Green Party’s electoral strategy. Party leaders abandoned radical demands of their predecessors. Greens advocate a citizen-supported climate program, but pay attention to the economic viability of reforms. According to polls, the black-green coalition (CDU/CSU and Union 90/Greens) seems the most likely. However, in the course of coalition negotiations, the parties may face difficulties in finding a compromise on tax policy and environmental reforms. At the same time, the parties have no significant contradictions on the foreign policy agenda (with the exception of a number of specific issues). Acknowledgments. The article was prepared within the project “Post-Crisis World Order: Challenges and Technologies, Competition and Cooperation” supported by the grant from Ministry of science and higher education of the Russian Federation program for research projects in priority areas of scientific and technological development (Agreement № 075-15-2020-783).
Mushroom’s Evaluation Based on FT-IR Fingerprint and Chemometrics
Authors: Feher Ioana , Floare-Avram Cornelia Veronica , Covaciu Florina-Dorina , Marincas Olivian , Puscas Romulus , Magdas Dana Alina , Sarbu Costel
Published: September 2021

Edible mushrooms have been recognized as highly nutritional food for a long time, due to their specific flavor, texture and also for therapeutic effects. This study proposes a new simple approach, based on FT-IR analysis, followed by statistical methods, in order to differentiate three wild mushrooms species from Romanian spontaneous flora, namely Armillaria mellea, Boletus edulis and Cantharellus cibarius. The preliminary data treatment consisted of data set reduction with principal component analysis (PCA), which provided scores for the next methods. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) manage to 100% classify the three species and the cross validation step of the method returned 97.4% of correctly classified samples. Only one A. mellea sample overlapped on B. edulis group. When kNN was used in the same manner as LDA, the overall percent of correctly classified samples from the training step was 86.21%, while for holdout set the percent raised at 94.74%. The lowered values obtained for the training set was due to one C. cibarius sample, two B. edulis and five A. mellea, which were placed to other species. Anyway, for holdout sample set, only one sample from B. edulis was misclassified. The fuzzy c-means clustering (FCM) analysis successfully classified investigated mushroom samples according to their species, meaning that in every partition the predominant specie had the biggest DOMs, while samples belonging to other specie had lower DOMs.
Design Evaluations of Aerosol Suction Machine for Dental Treatment Practices in COVID-19 Era
Authors: Imaduddin Fitrian , Oryzanandi Seraf Steva , Santoso Budi , Hidajat Raymundus Lullus Lambang Govinda
Published: September 2021

The aim of this paper is to demonstrate the evaluation process to select the Aerosol Suction Machine (ASM) design to be implemented in a dental treatment practice to prevent the spread of COVID-19. There are two designs evaluated, the movable ASM and the fixed mounting ASM. The evaluation process involved four evaluation criteria: flexibility, safety level, manufacturability, and maintenance. The evaluation is conducted based on a specific requirement of a small dental clinic located in Surakarta, Indonesia. The evaluation results show that the fixed mounting is more suitable for implementing in a small dental clinic with many natural ventilation openings.
KINERJA BADAN USAHA MILIK DESA (BUMDES) DI KABUPATEN LUMAJANG
Authors: Soejono Djoko , Zahrosa Dimas Bastara , Maharani Ariq Dewi , Baihaqi Yustri , Amam Amam
Published: September 2021

Regulation of the Minister of Villages, Development of Disadvantaged Areas, and Transmigration of the Republic of Indonesia Number 4/2015 states that Village-Owned Enterprises (BUMDes) are business entities whose entire or most of the capital is owned by the village through direct participation from separated village assets to manage assets, services, and other businesses for as much as possible the welfare of the village community. The research aims to assess the performance of BUMDes in Lumajang Regency. The focus of research on BUMDes Arya Wiraraja is on a financial perspective, a customer perspective, internal business process, a growth and learning perspective, and inhibiting and supporting factors for BUMDes development. The research data consisted of primary data and secondary data. The data analysis used descriptive analysis, financial performance analysis, and Force Field Analysis (FFA). The results from the financial perspective fall into the reasonably good category, because the level of acceptance, net income, ROI, ROE, and NPM has fluctuated. The customer perspective is in a good category because customers are satisfied with BUMDes services, but employee productivity is in the good enough categories, because employee performance fluctuates. The supporting factors for BUMDes consist of various business units such as the trade system unit, savings and loan units, service units, livestock farming business units, and tourism units. In contrast, the inhibiting factor for BUMDes is the formation of Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) in each business unit. The conclusion of the study shows that the overall performance of BUMDes is quite good.
Transformational Leadership, Organizational Justice and Organizational Citizenship Behavior
Authors: SÜRÜCÜ Lütfi
Published: September 2021

Purpose: The study aims to examine the relationship between transformational leadership, organizational justice, and organizational citizenship behavior in the context of Social Exchange Theory.

Design/Methodology: A questionnaire study was conducted face-to-face survey with 315 participants, who were selected by convenience sampling method, which is one of the non-random methods in the study. The data were analyzed by SPSS and AMOS programs.

Findings: As a result of the analysis; It has been determined that transformational leadership and organizational justice have a significant and positive effect on organizational citizenship behavior. Also, it is concluded that organizational justice has a mediating role in the effect of transformational leadership on organizational citizenship behavior.

Limitations: Obtaining the sample from 2 textile factory workers in Istanbul and the cross-sectional design of the research are important limitations.

Originality/Value: Having examined the literature, it is seen that there are limited studies on determining the critical factors that mediate the relationship between transformational leadership and organizational citizenship behavior. While the findings of the study help us to understand the antecedent of organizational citizenship behavior more deeply, attracting the attention of the practitioners constitutes the original value of the study.
USACE Advanced Modeling Object Standard : Release 1.0
Authors: Ross Andrew , Johnson David , Le Hai , Griffin Danny , Mudd Carl , Dawson David
Published: September 2021

The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) Advanced Modeling Object Standard (AMOS) has been developed by the CAD/BIM Technology Center for Facilities, Infrastructure, and Environment to establish standards for support of the Advanced Modeling process within the Department of Defense (DoD) and the Federal Government. The critical component of Advanced Modeling is the objects themselves- and either make the modeling process more difficult or more successful. This manual is part of an initiative to develop a nonproprietary Advanced Modeling standard that incorporates both vertical construction and horizontal construction objects that will address the entire life cycle of facilities within the DoD. The material addressed in this USACE Advanced Modeling Object Standard includes a classification organization that is needed to identify models for specific use cases. Compliance with this standard will allow users to know whether the object model they are getting is graphically well developed but data poor or if it does have the data needed for creating contract documents. This capability will greatly reduce the designers’ efforts to either build an object or search/find/edit an object necessary for the development of their project. Considering that an advanced model may contain hundreds of objects this would represent a huge time savings and improve the modeling process.
LESÕES OROFACIAIS EM MULHERES VÍTIMAS DE VIOLÊNCIA NÃO FATAL: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA.
Authors: Silveira Batista Anna Flávia , Karydja Câmara Oliveira Hiully , Soares Paiva Torres Ana Clara , Bittencourt Dutra dos Santos Patricia , Costa de Araújo Souza Georgia
Published: September 2021

Introdução: Grande proporção dos atos violentos praticados contra as mulheres resulta em lesões maxilofaciais. A região facial é o local mais recorrente das violências físicas, uma vez que o violentador deseja evidenciar a fragilidade da vítima e distanciá-la socialmente, causando danos psicológicos, estéticos e morais. Objetivo: Analisar as regiões craniofaciais mais afetadas e o perfil das mulheres que sofreram violência não fatal. Método: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da  literatura, com identificação de artigos nas bases SciELO, MEDLINE via PubMed, LILACS e BBO, usando os descritores “violência doméstica”, “injúria facial”, “traumatismo facial” e suas variantes nos idiomas inglês e português. Resultados: Foram selecionados 14 estudos. A idade das mulheres variou de 16 a 64 anos, com a maioria tendo ocupações domésticas e dependência financeira do cônjuge ou parceiro. Todos os estudos abordavam a região de cabeça e pescoço como o local mais acometido por lesões, por se tratar de uma região vulnerável. A órbita foi considerada a estrutura anatômica mais acometida mencionada em quatro estudos, seguida por boca, nariz e mandíbula. Hematomas e equimoses foram as lesões mais encontradas, identificadas em 9 estudos. Além disso, 13 estudos relataram o uso de instrumento contundente durante as agressões. Outras lesões como fraturas dentais, avulsão dentária, fraturas faciais e edema foram encontradas com menos frequência. Conclusão: O terço superior da face foi o mais atingido, em especial a órbita, e o tipo de injúria mais comum foram as equimoses e hematomas geralmente provocados pelos parceiros.
ADOLESCENTES VÍTIMAS DE HOMICÍDIOS EM JOÃO PESSOA: ESTUDO DESCRITIVO.
Authors: Holanda de Medeiros Batista Mara Ilka , Caldas de Macêdo Abrantes Rodrigues de Oliveira Yasmin , Dias Irene Ferreira , Paulino Marcília Ribeiro , Rabello Patrícia Moreira , Araujo Maria do Socorro Dantas de
Published: September 2021

A violência tem relação direta com a forma como a sociedade se organiza, constrói seus valores, normas de conduta, assim como distribui seus bens e serviços. Sendo assim, a violência, enquanto fenômeno social está enraizada pelas estruturas sociais, econômicas, culturais e políticas e é representada pelas ações de indivíduos ou grupos, podendo causar danos irreversíveis. Tendo em vista o impacto negativo causado à sociedade, o objetivo desse estudo foi analisar os laudos cadavéricos de adolescentes examinados no núcleo de medicina e odontologia legal da cidade de João Pessoa-Paraíba, nos anos de 2014 e 2015. Essa pesquisa caracterizou-se por ser exploratória, descritiva, documental com abordagem quantitativa. Foram analisados 109 laudos tanatoscópicos nos quais foi destacado o sexo, faixa etária, cor, ocupação da vítima, instrumento causador da lesão, local da ocorrência, distribuição topográfica da face, tipo de lesões, e causa da morte. Constatou-se um decréscimo no número de vítimas entre 2014 e 2015 e os resultados revelaram maior frequência do gênero masculino, com uma predominância na faixa etária entre 15 e 17 anos. A taxa de homicídios de pardos foi quase total neste estudo; a ocupação das vítimas com 55,6% em 2014 e 45,7% em 2015 não foi mencionada nos laudos e a de estudante apareceu em 25,4% em 2014 e em 2015 23,9% eram desempregados. Quanto aos tipos de lesões, as entradas por projétil de arma de fogo resultaram em 93,6% em 2014 e 86,9% em 2015 das ocorrências; as maiores incidências das lesões ocorreram nas regiões nasal e frontal. Os instrumentos ou meios utilizados para a prática de lesões mais prevalentes foram os perfurocontudentes, na grande maioria dos casos. Local das ocorrências: ruas, avenidas e estradas em 92% dos casos e em 100% dos casos de 2015. Verificou-se que o ferimento penetrante no tórax/abdome e o ferimento penetrante na cabeça foram os mais acometidos como causa jurídica da morte. Os dados revelam a situação crítica em que vivem os jovens nordestinos, os quais se encontram em situação de vulnerabilidade social, susceptíveis a todos os tipos de violência, especialmente aqueles praticados com arma de fogo.
EDITORIAL
Authors: Silva Ricardo Henrique Alves da
Published: September 2021

Alguns dias após a comemoração do Dia do Odontolegista, data instituída pela ABOL – Associação Brasileira de Ética e Odontologia Legal em comemoração à data de nascimento do Prof. Luiz Lustosa da Silva, “pai” da Odontologia Legal no Brasil e comemorada no último dia 4 de setembro... Aqui está o nosso presente para todos que militam e se dedicam à nossa belíssima especialidade: um novo número da RBOL – Revista Brasileira de Odontologia Legal!
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Stratigraphic Interpretation of Magnetotelluric Data in Central Saudi Arabia
Authors: Stewart Ian C.F. , Connally Thomas C. , Copley Jeffrey H.
Published: September 2021

The pre-Khuff interval of the Paleozoic sediments in central Arabia is poorly defined by conventional seismic techniques, although this layer has significant potential for hydrocarbon exploration. Model studies indicated that magnetotelluric methods could outline the regional changes expected in the pre-Khuff in the area, which are largely dependent on the topography of the Precambrian basement. The Hercynian orogenic event created an extensive block-faulted terrane of half-grabens and horsts. The Hercynian structural relief was infilled in the Permo-Carboniferous and faulting reactivated in Triassic and later time, but the relationship between pre-Khuff and post-Khuff structure was impossible to understand using seismic data alone. In this survey of almost 500 magnetotelluric (MT) stations, essential control on the shallower section was provided by seismic interpretations, in addition to well log data for depths and resistivities. The MT method was very successful in confirming the presence of significant pre-Khuff section over some basement structures, as well as defining areas where the section is thin or absent which may be suitable for further exploration for stratigraphic traps.
14. PENGARUH LAMA PERENDAMAN LARVA DALAM HORMON METIL TESTOSTERON ALAMI TERHADAP PENJANTANAN IKAN LELE DUMBO (Clarias gariepinus) The Effect of Soaking Time of African Catfish Larvae (Clarias gariepinus) in Natural Methyl Testosterone Hormone on Masculinization
Authors: R Rosmaidar
Published: September 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of immersion time on African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) larvae in natural methyl testosterone hormone on masculinization. This study was conducted in Center of Fish Culture Lamnyong, Banda Aceh. Experimental animals used in this study were 270 African catfish larvae aged 10 days. The study was designed using completely randomized design (CRD) with 3 treatments and 3 replications. African catfish larvae aged 10 days in group P1, P2, and P3 were immersed in natural methyl testosterone hormone for 10 hours, 20 hours, and 30 hours, respectively. Observations were carried out until fish reach 50 days old. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance (Anova) followed by least significant difference test (LSD). Percentage of male catfish observed in P1, P2, and P3 were 64.24 %, 93.11%, dan 59.94% respectively. As a conclusion, immersion with natural methyl testosterone hormone can change the sex of catfish to be male. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Key words: african catfish, methyl testosterone natural, masculinization
27. ISOLASI Salmonella sp PADA BURUNG PUYUH (Coturnix-coturnix japonica) DI KECAMATAN DARUL IMARAH ACEH BESAR
Authors: Elvioleta Iccha , Erina Erina , Jamin Faisal , Darniati Darniati
Published: September 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengisolasi bakteri Salmonella sp. pada burung puyuh di Kecamatan Darul Imarah, Aceh Besar. Sampel penelitian yang digunakan adalah swab kloaka burung puyuh (Coturnix-coturnix japonica) dengan tiga tahap pemeriksaan yang dilakukan selama tiga minggu. Isolasi Salmonella sp. dilakukan dengan menginokulasi swab kloaka pada media selenite cystine broth (SCB) kemudian ditumbuhkan pada media selektif Salmonella shigella agar (SSA) dan diamati morfologi koloni. Koloni yang dicurigai Salmonella sp. ditanam pada media MR-VP (Oxoid), indol (Difco), Simmonsâ€™s citrate agar (Oxoid), triple sugar iron agar (TSIA), sulfide indol motility (SIM), dan media gula-gula (sukrosa, manitol, glukosa, dan laktosa). Hasil penelitian ini dianalisis secara deskriptif. Pada pemeriksaan sampel dari lima desa, ditemukan empat desa yang positif Salmonella sp. Dapat disimpulkkan bahwa beberapa burung puyuh yang dipelihara di Kecamatan Darul Imarah, Aceh Besar telah terinfeksi oleh Salmonella sp.
1. Estimation of Dog Population and Owner Knowledge Toward Rabies Risk of Dog in Padang Ganting Sub-district
Authors: Rahmah Taufikah , Ferasyi T Reza , Razali Razali , Hambal Muhammad , Rastina Rastina , Rusli Rusli
Published: September 2021

The aim of this research was to calculate an estimated population of dogs, dog population ratio comparison against their area, the household, the number of owners, and the gender as well as to find out the level of knowledge towards risk of rabies to dog owners at Jorong in Padang Ganting Sub-district. The respondents were the people at 4 jorong Padang Ganting Sub-district who kept the dogs at home and willing to be interviewed. This research was conducted in the form of field surveys. Data was collected by interviewing people who rose the dogs using a form and a structured questionnaire. Data retrieval was composed of secondary and primary data. Secondary data was taken from the animal husbandry and fisheries at Tanah Datar district. Data were analyzed using descriptive methods. The results showed that the population of dogs at 4 ellipse were the ellipse Koto Gadang Hilir, Koto Alam, Koto Gadang, Rajo Dani were 140, 117, 124, 115. There were any differences between the number of households with dog owners, the number of households with dogs, the number of dogs with owners dogs, and area with dogs, male and female dogs, a male dog with dog owners, a female dog with dog owners. Respondents generally maintained more than one dog with rearing cages. The purpose of maintenance dog was a hunting dog and gave the vaccination. From this research, also known the knowledge of the owner to the risk of rabies at Padang Ganting Sub-district and good in categories
11. Blood Chemistry of Local Swamp Buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) of Aceh
Authors: Fahlevi Zoerul , Azhar Al , Sayuti Arman , Isa M , Adam Mulyadi , Herrialfian Herrialfian
Published: September 2021

This study was done to determine blood chemistry of local swamp buffaloes in Aceh. Blood samples were collected from 15 local buffaloes slaughtered at the abattoir of Banda Aceh and 16 local buffaloes slaughtered at the abattoir of Aceh Besar using EDTA as an anticoagulant. Measurement of uric acid, cholesterol and glucose levels was done using Easy Touch rapid test whereas hemoglobin concentration was determined using Sahli method. Data obtained was analyzed by t-test using GraphPad Prims 6 software. The results showed that concentration of uric acid, cholesterol, glucose and hemoglobin in the blood of local swamp buffaloes were 13.80±3.62 mg/dl, 139.50±39.71 mg/dl, 81.81±21.34 mg/dl, and 10.86±2.78 g/dl, respectively. In the male local buffaloes, the level of uric acid, cholesterol, glucose and Hb were 12.23±3.94 mg/dl, 126.10±33.99 mg/dl, 73.58±22.54 mg/dl, and Hb 11.20±3.86 g/dl, respectively. For female local buffaloes, uric acid level was 14.59±3.29 mg/dl, cholesterol was 147.70±41.61 mg/dl, glucose was 87.00±19.35 mg/dl, and Hb was 10.64±1.91 g/dl. Statistical analysis indicated that there was no difference in the chemistry profiles in the blood of local swamp buffaloes of Aceh according to sex.
18. Prevalence and factors the transmission of disease Transmissible Venereal Tumor (TVT) on dog hunter in Payakumbuh
Authors: Saputra Fadli , Roslizawaty Roslizawaty , Amiruddin Amiruddin , Asmilia Nuzul , Ferasyi T. Reza , Herrialfian Herrialfian
Published: September 2021

Tumor (TVT) aim of this study was to find out the prevalence and the factors were of Transmissible Venereal disease transmission on Dog Hunter in Payakumbuh. The study was conducted using a cross-sectional observational study (cross-sectional). Data collected through interviews by using questionnaires and observations of the condition of the Dog Hunter. The owners of hunter dogs were selected by purposive sampling. The obtained data were analyzed descriptively. Interviews were conducted with 110 people hunting dog owners with the total number of hunting dogs were observed as many as 300 individuals. The results showed that the prevalence rate of the Transmissible Venereal Tumor (TVT) disease on Dog Hunter in Payakumbuh is 1,33%. Factors the disease emergence were the mating habits of the dog were uncontrolled, the high levels of dogs sexual activity that was free to roam, the habitual of  sniffing and licking genitals of infected dogs TVT, and also does not apply the principles of biosecurity property.
9. Difference in cholesterol levels hunter dog (Canis familiaris) with dog house in the district of Lima Puluh Kota
Authors: Adinata Angga Putra , Rusli Rusli , Amiruddin Amiruddin , Asmilia Nuzul , Wahyuni Sri , Roslizawaty Roslizawaty
Published: September 2021

The aims of this study to find out differences in cholesterol levels hunter dog and dog house in the district of Lima Puluh Kota. This study using 99 hunter dogs and 98 dogs home in a healthy condition clinically. Dog blood samples were taken on the morning at the cephalika venous. Blood samples were obtained dripped on cholesterol strip that has been put into Gluco-dr and after 10 seconds cholesterol levels can read on screen. Data were analyzed statistically using chi-square test T which were helped by SPSS 16. The results showed that the average cholesterol levels in the dogs hunt were 87.67 ± 43.49 mg / dl and 297 in the dogs house, 72 ± 94 mg / dl. The statisticresult was showed significant difference (p 0.05) between blood cholesterol levels with a hunter dogs anddogshouse blood cholesterol levels. This research can be concluded that average of cholesterol levels of hunter dogs and dogs house were still within the normal range, but showed the sicnificant differences due to the different activities of dogs.
5. Albumin and Globulin Levels of Sumatran Elephants’ (Elephas maximus sumatranus) Blood at Elephant Conservation Center of Saree, Aceh Besar
Authors: Rahman Abdul , Azhar Al- , Rusli Rusli , Isa Muhammad , Sayuti Arman , Roslizawaty Roslizawaty
Published: September 2021

This research was done to determine albumin and globulin levels of Sumatran elephants’ blood at the Elephant Conservation Center (ECC) of Saree, Aceh Besar. In this study blood samples were collected from 6 Sumatran elephants at the ECC. The levels of albumin and globulin were determined spectrophotometrically. The data obtained were analyzed by t-test. The results showed that the average levels of albumin and the globulin of Sumatran elephants were 4, 25±0, 31 g/dL and 2, 33±0, 62 g/dL. Blood albumin and globulin levels of male Sumatran elephants were 4.23±0.05 g/dL and 2.36±0.77 g/dL, respectively; and those of female Sumatran elephants were 4.16±0.49 g/dL and 2.30±0.60 g/dL, respectively. The results of data analysis using t-test showed that blood levels of albumin or globulin of male and female Sumatran elephants were not significantly different (P 0.05). In conclusion, in the Sumatran elephants, blood albumin and globulin levels were not influenced by sex.
19. The Effect of AKBIS Probiotic Adding that Fermented in Fodder toward the Total of Aspergillus niger of Broiler’s Gastrointestinal Tract
Authors: Nurrady Cut Lathifa , Nurliana Nurliana , Safika Safika , Ferasyi T. Reza , Ismail Ismail , Muttaqien Muttaqien
Published: September 2021

This study aimed to determine the total of A. niger found in the gastrointestinal tract of broilers after the addition of soybean dregs and fermented palm kernel meal by A.niger as probiotics (AKBIS Prob) in the fodder. This study used a complete randomized factorial design, which consists of two factors, namely factor AKBIS concentration and duration of AKBIS Prob. The treatment was divided into the group as a control P0, P1, P2 and P3 which consisted of five broilers, respectively given feed supplemented with AKBIS Prob 2, 4 and 6%. The provision of AKBIS Prob has done for 21 days and 35 days. On the 22nd and 36th day the contents of the caecum were taken. The total of A. niger was obtained using Total Plate Count (TPC) method. The data analysis used a factorial analysis of variance. The results showed that the concentration of 2, 4 and 6% did not affect (P 0.05) the total of A. niger in the caecum of broilers, while the provision of AKBIS prob in fodder for 21 and 35 days had a significant effect (P 0.05) to the total A. niger. It can be concluded that the provision of the concentration of AKBIS Prob up to 6% in the fodder decreases the total of A. Niger. The provision of AKBIS Prob for 35 days can increase the total of A. niger in the digestive tract of broilers.
14. The Potency of Sernai (Wedelia biflora) Leaf N-hexan Extract as Analgesic Compared to Ibuprofen on Mice (Mus musculus)
Authors: Zulkarnaini Zulkarnaini , Rinidar Rinidar , Rosmaidar Rosmaidar , TR T. Armansyah , Harris Abdul , Isa Muhammad
Published: September 2021

This study aimed to determine the analgesic potential of sernai leaves n-Hexan extract on 24 male mice, aged 2-3 month with 20-25 g weighed. This study used split-plot design consisted of 6 groups. P0 as negative control was given aquades and P1 as positive control was given ibuprofen (10 mg/kg Body Weight). Treatment groups including P2, P3, P4, and P5 were given n-Hexan extract of sernai leaves with dosage of 15, 30, 45, and 60 mg/kgBW, respectively. Pain assessment was conducted using Hot Plate method. Observation of mice behaviour including licking it's front and back leg, or by jumping. This study showed there was significant difference (P0,05) between dosage and time. Duncan’s test showed P1 was significantly different (P0,05) from P2, but P3 and P5 were not significantly different from P1. P3 and P4 were significantly different (P0,05) from P2 and not significantly different from P1, while P5 was not significantly different from P3 and significantly different from P1. We can conclude that dosage of 30 and 45 mg/kgBW of n-Hexan extract of sernai leaves had analgesic potential on mice, and 60 mg/kgBW was comparable to ibuprofen as pain relieve in mice
12. Additional Effect Of Soybean Waste Probiotic And Palm Kernel Fermented With Aspergillus Niger (Akbis Prob) On The Growth Of Boiler Bone
Authors: Nurliana Nurliana , Tanjung Aprilia , Sabri Mustafa , Masyitah Dian , Jalaluddin Muhammad , Rastina Rastina
Published: September 2021

This study aimed to determine the bone growth of broiler chickens fed with additional probiotic Aspergillusniger (AKBIS Prob). The organ taken was the femur bone. A total of 24 broiler chickens reared with additional feed on 4 treatments and 3 repetitions with a combination of additional feed namely P0 (commercial feed), P1 (commercial feed and 2% AKBIS Prob), P2 (commercial feed and 4% AKBIS Prob) and P3 ( commercial feed and 6% AKBIS Prob). The sampling of the femur bone was carried out on chicken 21 and 35 days old and observed histologically after stained with hematoxylin-eosin (HE). The results showed from the examination of macroscopic growth that the femur growth increased more at the age of 35 days compared to the age of 21 days in the treatment group P1, P2 and P3 who were given probiotic Apergillusniger (AKBIS Prob) where the amount of Ca and P required for growth can be fulfilled. On microscopic examination, the measurement parameters were the number of active osteoblasts and osteoblast that looked more passive on the 35th day of treatment, compared to the age of 21 days. While the number of osteoclasts was more at age 21 than at age of 35 days in the treatment group who were given probiotic Aspergillusniger (AKBIS Prob)as additional food.
6. Isolation, Identification and Sensitivity Test of Staphylococcus aureus on Post Surgery Wound of Local Dogs (Canis familiaris)
Authors: Darmawi Darmawi , Zahra Amalia Fatma , Salim M. Nur , Dewi Maryulia , Abrar Mahdi , Syafruddin Syafruddin , Adam Mulyadi
Published: September 2021

This study aimed to isolate, identify, and sensitivity tested of Staphylococcus aureus from post-surgery wound of local dogs.This study was held in Microbiology Laboratorium of Veterinary Faculty of Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh from April to May 2016. The samples were 10 dogs in their 3rd day’s treatment after surgery.The samples were acquired using sterile swab on the wound that was planted on Nutrient Broth (NB), incubated at 37°C for 24 hours, then transferred onto Mannitol Salt Agar (MSA), incubated at 37°C for 24 hours, and after that it was identified with Gram staining, catalase test, sugar test (mannitol and glucose), Metil Red-Voges Proskauer (MR-VP) test and antibiotic sensitivity test. The result of   Gram staining showed 7 positive results which identified as coccus formed and coloured as purple. The catalase test showed 7 positive results, the sugar test (mannitol and glucose) showed 4 positive results, the MR-VP showed 4 positive on MR and all negative on VP.. In conclusion, 4 out of 10 samples showed a presence of Staphylococcus aureus on post-surgery wound of local dogs.This bacterium was sensitive on Tetracycline (50%) and also on Streptomycine and Gentamicin (100%). This bacterium resistant to  Tetracycline (50%) and Ampicillin (100%).
8. Histopathological of Fabricius Bursa in the Broiler Chicken after Vaccination with Newcastle Disease Virus Vaccine
Authors: Balqis Ummu , Annah Nurjannah , Budiman Hamdani , Darmawi Darmawi , Iskandar Cut Dahlia , Hasan M.
Published: September 2021

The aim of this research was to determine an effect of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) vaccine to histopathologic on Fabricius bursa of broiler chicken at various age levels. Eighteen commercial DOC (Day Old Chick) were divided into 2 groups namely a control group that was given distilled water and a treatment group that was given NDV vaccine namely ND Lasota vaccine ocularly as much one drop per eye at day 3, then a booster dose in drinking water at day 13 was given. The bursa of Fabricius was collected from these chickens on the age of 14 days, 21 days, and 28 days after sacrificing the chickens through necropsied, then histopathological preparations are made using hematoxylin-eosin staining. The parameters observed were measured the number, diameter, and thickness of cortical of lymphoid follicles. Data were analyzed descriptively and quantitatively by unpaired t-test. The results of this research showed the NDV vaccine effects were not significantly different (P0.05) to the number and diameter of lymphoid follicles. In the treatment group, 14 days old broiler chickens had a decreased number of lymphoid follicles, while its diameter tends to grow and the thickness of cortex was also seemed unchanged compared with the control group. Then at the age of 21 days, the number, diameter, and thickness of cortex of lymphoid follicles tend to increase, while at 28 days diameter of lymphoid follicles tend to be slightly reduced, but the number and thickness tend to grow out of control. It was concluded that the NDV vaccine had a good effect on the Fabricius bursa of broiler chickens with increasing age, then histopathological preparations are made using hematoxylin-eosin staining.