bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study to estimate the prevalence of thyroid disorders in pregnant women of North Gujarat region of India
Authors: Purohit Niravkumar H. , Pathan Rashidkhan B. , Choudhary Prema Ram
Published: January 2022

Background: The thyroid function is changed during early stage of pregnancy. Various thyroid disorders throughout pregnancy are related with grave maternal and fetal outcomes. The geographical variation in the prevalence of hypothyroidism during pregnancy is very wide and generally assessed for thyroid disorders are recommended in the pregnancy. Therefore, present study aimed to estimate the prevalence of thyroid disorders in pregnant women of North Gujarat, India.Methods:The present cross-sectional study was done on 200 pregnant women in the department of general medicine at Banas medical college and our trust-based hospital in North Gujarat, India, over a period of one year from July 2020 to June 2021. The patients' demographic profile was recorded; detailed history and meticulous examination were performed in the entire cases. Serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), T3 (triiodothyronine) and T4 (thyroxine) were analyzed.Results: The overall prevalence of various thyroid disorders 13%. The most frequent thyroid disorder reported was subclinical hypothyroidism encompassing of 8%, followed by overt hypothyroidism 3% in women and the prevalence of subclinical hyperthyroidism was 2% which was least in our study.Conclusions:In our study, we conclude that subclinical hypothyroidism is more common than hyperthyroidism in pregnant women. Therefore, we suggested that thyroid function tests should be include along with other routine investigations during pregnancy to identify thyroid dysfunction and minimize the feto-maternal complications during pregnancy and after birth.
Silent killer presenting as isolated oculomotor nerve palsy
Authors: A. Mary Stephen , P. Jayasri , J. Harigaravelu P. , . Baranitharan
Published: January 2022

Head trauma can result trivial to life threatening manifestations to a person. Subdural hemotoma is characterised by accumulation of blood in subdural space, in most cases it is a serious condition and requires prompt diagnosis and treatment for the same to provide good outcome. Large collection, mid line shift, brain herniation associated with subdural hematoma is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. However, if the collection is minimal or is places like tentorium cerebelli may not have the typical presentation and if it’s picked up using the subtle signs the devastating sequelae can be prevented. We report a 19 years old male with head trauma presenting with features of right-side isolated oculomotor nerve palsy who eventually found to have tentorial subdural hemotoma in imaging which has been intervened and complications were avoided.
Hypokalemic paralysis due to distal renal tubular acidosis type 1 in patient of mucormycosis on amphotericin B: a case report
Authors: Shah Mohita , Kothari Prafful
Published: January 2022

A 42-year-old male patient who is a known case of DM and mucormycosis on treatment presented with sudden onset difficulty in moving all 4 limbs followed by decreased depth of respiration for 4 hours. The patient was known case of DM for 10 years and was on OHA for the same, he had history of biopsy diagnosed rhino mucormycosis 4 months ago and was on treatment for the same. On initial examination the tone was hypotonic in all4 limbs along with power of 3+, respiration was shallow and patient was bedridden unable to stand on his own, he was ambulatory 6 days before presenting to hospital. Potassium-1.7 mEq/l, ABGA pH-7.18, HCO3-10 Meq/l, urine osmolality 220 mOsm/l, urine pH-7.0, potassium-to-creatinine rstio (K/Cr)-3.9 mEq/ml, urine K-22 mEq/ml. Distal RTA (dRTA) is the classical form of RTA, being the first described. Distal RTA is characterized by a failure of H+ secretion into lumen of nephron by the alpha intercalated cells of the medullary collecting duct of the distal nephron. This failure of acid secretion may be due to a number of causes, and it leads to an inability to acidify the urine to a pH of less than 5.3. This case study enumerates the potentially dangerous side effects of amphotericin B in patients which can precipitate RTA type 1 leading to severe hypokalaemia and acidosis, thus all patients receiving amphotericin B should be cautiously warned regarding side effect of hypokalaemia and prophylactic potassium syrup supplementation may be given in predisposed patients.
Scorpion sting bite with intracerebral bleed: a case report
Authors: H. Gowtham , M. Jagadeesan , S. Prasanna Karthik , R. Kannan , A. Gowrisankar
Published: January 2022

Scorpion sting can present with multiple clinical presentations ranging from local swelling to cardiogenic shock. Scorpion sting affects many organ which can cause myocarditis, cardiogenic shock, acute renal dysfunction and respiratory collapse. Central nervous system involvement can cause encephalopathy, seizures, subarachnoid haemorrhage, and ischemic stroke. Cerebral bleed is a rare presentation of scorpion sting. Here we present a case of scorpion sting with unusual central nervous system (CNS) presentation of gangliocapsular bleed.
Head and neck infection, clinicopathological outline
Authors: Elmatri Houssein H. , Gheryani Nabeia A.
Published: January 2022

Background: Despite the antimicrobial drugs, a significant percentage of head and neck infection still can be recorded, this study try to identify the causes of recorded cases of head and neck infection in antibiotics era by focusing on the clinical presentation and the predisposing factors.  

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in the department of otolaryngology in university of Benghazi including 84 patients who were diagnosed as head and neck infection. Clinical data, risk factors and managements were discussed in this study. 

Results: The 84 patients with deep cervical infection were studied. The mean age of our patients was 33 years, most of them were males. Some had other co-diseases. Their main complains was severe throat pain. The most common space involved was peritonsillar space and the most common source of infection was tonsillar infection. Only third of the cases showed positive culture results. The most common organism cultured was Staphylococci. The range of hospital stay was 4-11 days. There was no mortality in our series of patients.

Conclusions: Cervical infection is associated with high rate of morbidity and mortality specially in immune-compromised patients, therefore early detection of the disease followed by quick and appropriate management are life-saving measurements. All patients need early broad-spectrum intravenous antibiotics, and most of them need different surgical intervention. As bad oral hygiene, smoking and low immunity are the major risk factors for neck infection, education of the community, especially in rural area, is required.
A study of clinical profile of patients undergoing endonasal endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy without stenting in a teaching hospital of Western Gujarat
Authors: Sorathiya Rashmi , Desai Nisarg , Hirani Narendra , Khilnani Ajeet Kumar , Bodat Ronak , Karathia Neha
Published: January 2022

Background: Chronic dacryocystitis is commonly treated with dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR). The aim of the study was to analyzed the clinical profile of patients suffering from distal Nasolacrimal duct (NLD) blockage and outcomes of EnDCR without stenting in patients with chronic dacryocystitis. 

Methods: This prospective observational study consisted of 50 patients who underwent EnDCR without stenting at ENT department of Gujarat Adani Institute of Medical Sciences during the period of October 2019 to September 2021, after taking IEC consent. All patients with distal NLD blockage were included in study. Pre-operative, intra-operative and post-operative details were recorded as per pre-validated proforma and data was analyzed using Microsoft excel sheets.

Results: Watery discharge from eye was most common chief complaint (76%) during presentation followed by watery discharge and swelling over medial end of eye both (20%) and swelling over medial end of one eye (4%). Most common duration of chief complaint was between 3 to 12 months. In our study, out of 50 patients, 31 cases were operated under local anesthesia and 19 were operated under general anesthesia. Out of 50 operated cases, only 3 patients had stenosis of ostium at 3-month follow-up. Overall success rate of endoscopic endonasal DCR without stenting was 94%.

Conclusions: The success rate of endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy without stenting is as high as that of external dacryocystorhinostomy and endonasal DCR with stenting without the disadvantages of either one. 
A comparative study to evaluate the postoperative results between tympanoplasty alone and tympanoplasty with cortical mastoidectomy in chronic suppurative otitis media
Authors: Naik Kiran , K. S. Ravi
Published: January 2022

Background: Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is a common ear disease presenting to the ENT OPD. It’s the most common cause of hearing dysfunction in our country. Most of these cases requires surgery but still controversial. In the surgical management of CSOM even well experienced otologist have the dilemma whether to combine mastoidectomy with tympanoplasty or not. Objectives of the study was to study and evaluate whether the additional mastoidectomy procedure helps in the outcome in the surgical treatment of CSOM in terms of graft uptake, perforation closure, improvement in hearing, disease eradication and recurrence.

Methods: The 40 patients of age group 12 to 65 years diagnosed with CSOM of tubotympanic type in inactive or quiescent stage was taken as study group. Tympanoplasty alone was done in 20 cases and tympanoplasty with cortical mastoidectomy was done in 20 cases. Hearing gain following surgery and factors influencing the outcome were measured. Study done was prospective comparative study.

Results: Graft uptake was seen in 17 cases (85%) in tympanoplasty alone group and 15 cases (75%) in Tymapanomastoidectomy group at the end of 2nd month. Graft uptake was found to be same in terms of significance in both groups. Post-operative hearing gain was observed in 75% of patients in each group

Conclusions: Hearing improvement, graft uptake were statistically incomparable in two groups. Combining cortical mastoidectomy with tympanoplasty will not give additional benefits in terms of hearing gain, graft uptake and disease eradication if the middle ear mucosa is healthy.
Septorhinoplasty-our experience
Authors: Polisetti Ravibabu , Varanasi Swetha , Bhimavarapu Nagavardhan
Published: January 2022

Background: The nose is not only a vital organ but also cosmetically important, especially for younger individuals. External nasal deformities like deviated nose, crooked nose, hump deformity, abnormalities of the tip are more noticeable. They cause cosmetic disfigurement and also may cause nasal obstruction when associated with deviated nasal septum. One of the oldest known cosmetic surgeries is rhinoplasty. Septorhinoplasty is done to correct the deviated septum as well as the external deformity of the nose. The aim is to study the indications, various surgical methods used, complications and results of septorhinoplasty.

Methods: A total of 30 patients were taken into the study based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. They underwent rhinoplasty surgeries based on different deformities.

Results: The majority of the patients were in the 21-30 years age group and deviated nasal septum with external deformity was the most common pathology addressed. Septal cartilage was used as the graft material in most cases. Excessive bleeding was the most common complication encountered and all the patients were satisfied with the result.

Conclusions: Septorhinoplasty can be done for functional as well as cosmetic causes. Graft material should be chosen based upon the defect to be corrected. The results depend upon the defect and the expertise of the surgeon.
The effect of COVID-19 infection on nasal mucociliary clearance in health care workers in tertiary care hospital: a cross sectional study
Authors: Bhaskaran K. Sajitha , Thomas Norma , Balakrishnan Vibha
Published: January 2022

Background: Mucociliary clearance is the primary innate defence mechanism of the respiratory tract and protects the respiratory tract from foreign bodies such as small particles, dust, and pathogens. The saccharin test is an useful screening technique for measuring nasal mucociliary clearance as it is inexpensive, simple to do, and reproducible. The objective of the study was to determine whether severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-2) (COVID-19) has an effect on nasal mucociliary clearance.

Methods: Our study was conducted in 100 health care workers. In these 50 health care workers, with post covid status of 2 weeks, who were tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 by RTPCR, has taken as cases. 50 health care workers without SARS-CoV-2 infection taken as control group. The mucociliary clearance assessed by calculating NMC time using saccharine test.

Results: We did not find a statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of NMC duration.

Conclusions: Mucociliary clearance is an important airway defence mechanism.though few viral infections prolong the NMC duration, in our study, we did not find a statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of NMC duration. There was no correlation between age, sex, covid symptoms (loss of smell/taste) and NMC.
A clinicopathological study of squamous cell carcinoma of oral cavity and oropharynx in non-smoker and non-drinker patients
Authors: Mehmi Namrita , Bhagat Sanjeev , Kaur Navneet , Singh Ravinder
Published: January 2022

Background: To describe the clinicopathological variables of the Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of oral cavity and oropharynx in non-smoker and non-drinker patients (NSND).

Methods: A retrospective review of thirty NSND patients with proven SCC of oral cavity and oropharynx in ENT department at Government Medical College Patiala. Data collected included demographics, aetiological factors, site, symptoms, nodal metastasis, histopathological grading and TNM staging at presentation.

Results: In oral cavity cancers, patients presented commonly in 4th decade whereas in oropharynx, commonly in 6th decade. NSND patients were more likely to be female, male female ratio being 43:56. In NSND women, 82% had oral cavity SCC and 18% had oropharyngeal SCC. 13% of NSND patients reported sharp tooth, 10% reported regular environmental exposure, and 10% reported occupational exposure followed by lichen planus (6.67%). In oral cavity SCC, maximum incidence was that of oral tongue (59.1%) and in oropharyngeal SCC, base of tongue (62.5%) was most commonly involved. Overall, well differentiated SCC predominated in both oral cavity and oropharyngeal carcinoma in our study. In oral cavity SCC, maximum patients presented in early tumor staging i.e T1 and T2 (81.8%) and early overall staging (stage I and II).In oropharyngeal SCC, maximum patients presented in advanced tumor staging i.e T3 and T4 (62.5%) and advanced overall staging (stage III, IV).

Conclusions: In NSND patients, potential factors like sharp tooth, environmental smoke, occupational exposure and lichen planus may contribute to SCC in oral cavity and oropharynx.
Effects of perioperative managements on ocular surface microbiota in intravitreal injection patients
Authors:   Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China, Hu Ya-Guang , Li Tian-Hui ,   Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, Ministry of Education, Xi'an 710049, Shaanxi Province, China; Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, Shaanxi Province, China, Sui Fang ,   Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China, Zhang Ming ,   Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China, Zhang Zhen ,   Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China, Shi Rui ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an 710068, Shaanxi Province, China, Hui Na ,   Xi'an Huaxia Eye Hospital, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China, Qin Li ,   Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China, Li Li ,   Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
Published: January 2022

AIM: To investigate the effects of on ocular surface microbiota in patients who received intravitreal injections.
METHODS: Samples of ocular surface microbiota were obtained from 41 eyes of 41 patients who visited the Department of Ophthalmology. Patients were separated for three groups. Group A did not receive perioperative managements or intravitreal injection. Group B1 received only once and B2 received more than twice. In operating room, the samples were collected on the ocular surface. Operating taxonomic units (OTUs) clustering and alpha/beta diversity analysis was performed. The microbial 16S rRNA from samples were analyzed using the HiSeq 2500 platform.
RESULTS: Alpha diversity did not differ in each group, and beta diversity differed in the B2 group. Beta diversity showed a significant difference between Group A and B2 (P=0.048). With the perioperative managements before intravitreal injection, the composition and relative abundance were altered. Top 10 microbiota on phylum and genus level, and then microbiota notably changed at genus level were listed. Gram-negative bacteria were varied more. Furthermore, Proteus was not found in Groups A and B1, but it was appeared after the patients received perioperative management and intravitreal injections in Group B2.
CONCLUSION: With the perioperative managements, the balance of microbiota on the ocular surface is destroyed, and relative composition and abundance of microbiota on the ocular surface is obviously altered. The clinical doctors should pay more attention on the consequence of perioperative managements before intravitreal injection.
Secondary endoresection for previously treated choroidal melanomas with a non-responsive course and persistent exudative retinal detachment
Authors:   Department of Ophthalmology, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara 06590, Turkey; Private Eye Clinic, Ankara 06590, Turkey, Gündüz Ahmet Kaan
Published: January 2022

AIM: To evaluate the results and complications of secondary endoresection via pars plana vitrectomy for choroidal melanoma and review the previously reported endoresection studies on the treatment of choroidal melanoma.
METHODS: The medical records of 6 patients with choroidal melanoma who underwent secondary endoresection between March 2012 and March 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. The indications for secondary endoresection were progressive or recurrent tumor and severe exudative retinal detachment after previous treatment with plaque radiotherapy/Cyberknife radiosurgery/transpupillary thermotherapy (TTT).
RESULTS: Before endoresection, 2 eyes had Iodine-125 plaque radiotherapy and TTT, 1 eye had Ruthenium-106 plaque radiotherapy and TTT, 1 eye had Cyberknife radiosurgery and TTT, 1 eye had Cyberknife radiosurgery, and 1 eye had TTT only. Preoperative visual acuity ranged from 20/63 to 20/1600 (Snellen) and from 0.5 to 1.9 (mean: 1.1) on the logMAR scale. The mean tumor base diameters were 9.5×8.7 mm and the mean tumor thickness was 5.4 mm. After secondary endoresection, transient vitreous hemorrhage developed in 2 (33.3%) eyes and retinal detachment in 1 (16.7%) eye. Cytopathological examination revealed epithelioid cell melanoma in 4 (66.7%) eyes and mixed cell melanoma in 1 (16.7%). Melanoma cell type was not specified in 1 (16.7%) eye. At a mean follow-up of 49.6mo (range: 16-90mo), mean visual acuity did not improve and 1 eye was enucleated due to tumor recurrence. Final visual acuity ranged from 20/63 to 20/1600 (Snellen) and from 0.5 to 1.9 (mean: 1.2) on the logMAR scale. Two patients with choroidal melanoma developed metastasis and eventually expired.
CONCLUSION: Secondary endoresection seems to be an effective treatment option for globe salvage in choroidal melanoma not responsive to conventional treatment and displaying persistent exudative retinal detachment. There was no visual acuity increase among the treated eyes but globe salvage was possible in most cases in this study.
General Atom-Bond-Connectivity Index Of Graphs
Authors: KINACI Seda
Published: January 2022

The Atom-bond-connectivity index ABC of a graph G is determined by d_i and d_j. In this paper, sharp results for the general ABC index which has chemical applications are found using different methods. These new results for ABC inex are investigated in terms of its edges, its vertices and its degrees. In particular, some relations for general ABC index is obtained involving different topological indices; Randic index, Zagreb index, Harmonic index and Narumi-Katayama index. Indeed, general ABC index are improved by the help of the maximum annd minimum degrees.
Efficient Web-Based Application Development for Carbon Footprint Calculation: Example of Burdur Province
Authors: BATAR Mustafa
Published: January 2022

With each passing year, people’s consumption activities create permanent effects on nature. In this context, the carbon footprint has been determined as a way of expressing the magnitude of this impact. In addition, the carbon footprint is defined as a measure of the damage caused by human activities to the environment in terms of the amount of greenhouse gases produced and measured in units of carbon dioxide. In this study, an easy-to-use and effective carbon footprint calculation engine has been created for carbon footprint calculation. Also, this application has been designed and developed as a web-based application – http://karbon-ayakizi.com/ (this site has been in active use between January 2020 and January 2021, but it is currently inactive). Furthermore, a real case study on the carbon footprint of an education institution located in the city center of Burdur has been conducted, and so the accuracy and the functionality of the developed application have been showed and demonstrated. For this purpose, natural gas consumption within Scope-1, electricity consumption within Scope-2, private personal cars, public transportation service vehicles and water consumption data within Scope-3 have been considered in carbon footprint measurement. In the light of these obtained numerical data, the efficiency and the reliability of the developed carbon footprint calculation engine – application – with its trustworthy and reliable results have been explained and showed in detail in this study.
Announcement of “4th International Clinical Nutrition Congress” in Mashhad, Iran
Authors: . .
Published: January 2022

The article's abstract is not available.
Determination of Acrylamide and 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural (HMF) Levels and Related Parameters in Turkish Pekmez (A Traditional Fruit Product)
Authors: Başaran B. , Kanbur E.D. , Birinci C. , Aydın F.
Published: January 2022

Background: Pekmez is an important fruit-based food of Turkish culinary culture. The aim of this study is to determine the levels of acrylamide (AA), 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural (HMF) and other selected parameters in grape, mulberry and carob Pekmez.
Methods: AA and HMF were analyzed by Liquid Chromatography and High Performance Liquid Chromatography, respectively. Also, glucose, fructose, pH, protein, total phenolic, and color (L*a*b*) were analyzed. The analyses were done by IBM SPSS Statistics 26 software.
Results: The average AA, HMF, glucose, fructose, total reducing sugar, pH, protein, total phenolic, and colour (L*a*b*) values of Pekmez were 302 µg/kg, 25.7 mg/kg, 13.2%, 14.0%, 27.2%, 5.27, 1.16%, 4.64 mg GAE/g, and 4.83*5.60*1.52, respectively. AA indicates a moderate positive linear correlation with HMF, protein, total phenolic; whereas AA indicates a moderate negative linear correlation with glucose, fructose, total reducing sugar, pH, and L*a*b.
Conclusion: It is presumed that heat treatment is a determinant in AA and HMF formulation.
Chemical Composition, Phytochemical Constituent, and Toxicity of Methanol Extract of Brown Algae (Padina sp.) from Puntondo Coast, Takalar (Indonesia)
Authors: Khadijah K. , Soekamto N.H. , Firdaus F. , Chalid S.M.T. , Syah Y.M.
Published: January 2022

Background: Padina sp. is an algae that has potential as a functional food. This study aimed to explore the chemical and photochemical constituent in the methanolic exract of Padina sp.
Methods: Brown algae of Padina sp. from Puntondo coast, Takalar, Indonesia was prepared. The algae characterization was carried out based on the standard procedure of Association of Official Agricultural Chemists (AOAC). Toxicity of Padina sp. was. determined with Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT).
Results: Chemical contents were 13.46% water, 38.02% ash, 12.33% protein, 1.60% fat, 20.02% fiber, and 48.06% carbohydrate. The FTIR spectrum displayed the presence of hydroxyl, carboxylic acids, aldehydes, aliphatic hydrocarbons, fatty acids, and unsaturated hydrocarbons. Padina sp. extract consisted of phytol compound which had 70-96% similarity with steroids, fatty acids, carboxylic acids, terpenoid, and proteins. The result of toxicity was 6344.54 ppm indicating not toxic.
Conclusion: Padina sp. can be used as a raw material source for functional food and pharmaceutical industry.
Acquired Antimicrobial Resistance Genes of Escherichia coli Obtained from Nigeria: In silico Genome Analysis
Authors: Nwaiwu O. , Onyeaka H.
Published: January 2022

Background: Antimicrobial resistance is a global problem with enormous public health and economic impact. This study was carried out to get an overview of acquired antimicrobial resistance gene sequences in the genomes of E. coli isolated from different food sources and the environment in Nigeria.
Methods: To determine the acquired antimicrobial-resistant genes prevalence, genome assemblies of 272 isolates were analyzed In silico with KmerResistance 2.2 software.
Results: A total of 107 antimicrobial resistance genes, which included genes that encode for 24 extended-spectrum beta-lactamases were detected. Potential multidrug resistance was found in 90% of the genomes analyzed. All strains analyzed contained at least one resistant gene sequence and had high similarity or homology (95% ID and above). Two strains harboured over 30 sequences of antimicrobial resistant genes, and in 24 strains over 20 genes were detected. 
Conclusion: The resistant genes found in all the genomes analyzed were acquired intra-species and not inter-species. This provides an opportunity for further studies of the orthologous nature of the genes detected and the data obtained can help monitor the epidemiology of E. coli resistant genes in the food and environment.
Corrigendum to “Investigation of TEM and SHV Beta-Lactamase Genes in Escherichia coli Isolated from Strawberry Samples in Sanandaj, Iran” [Journal of Food Quality and Hazards Control 8 (2021) 125-130]
Authors: Soltan Dallal M.M. , Abdolmaleki H. , Ramazanzadeh R. , Mazaheri Nezhad Fard R.
Published: January 2022

The article's abstract is not available.
An Eclectic Model of Motivational Interviewing with Islamic Ontological Orientation and Motivation of Change in Domestic Violence
Authors: Kianinezhad Sahar , Sadeghifard Maryam , Esmailie Masome , Zareie Eghbal , Forozanfar Abdollah
Published: January 2022

Aim: The aim of this paper was to offer an eclectic model of motivational interviewing with Islamic ontological orientation in motivation of change in domestic violence. Methods: This research was qualitative and was carried out using Hermeneutics and content analysis. The sources for analysis were the collection of books and articles representing model of motivational interviewing and collection of verses of the holy Quran, Allame Tabatabaie and Javad Amollie including Tabatabaie Alimizan Tafsir and written works of Motahhary and Javad Amollie published until 2020. Analysis sample were subjects and words related to basics and principles of motivation (orientation, desire, and wish), motivation for change, and violence that was extracted using theoretical sampling. Findings: Research results in qualitative section were based on principles, process, content and techniques of motivational interviewing in motivation to change related to domestic violence and principles of ontological orientation about motivation in natural and innate dimensions. Conclusion: Based on the results, eclectic model of motivational interviewing with Islamic ontological orientation was offered in four sections including principles, processes, content and techniques.
Predicting Students' Social Adjustment and Academic Achievement based on Parenting Attachment Styles
Authors: Syahmansouri Ali , Yuldashf Omar Jan
Published: January 2022

Aim: The purpose of this study was to predict social adjustment and academic achievement based on parental attachment styles in students. Methods: The method of this research was descriptive-correlational. The study population included 18,000 male and female first year high school students in Lorestan province in the academic year of 2014-15, which was conducted on a sample of 364 students (200 girls, 164 boys). Multi-stage cluster sampling method was selected. The California Social Adjustment Questionnaire (Klako et al., 1953) and the Hazen and Shaver Adult Attachment Styles Questionnaire (1897) were used to collect data, and the students' final grade point average was used to assess academic performance. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis (stepwise). Findings: The results of Pearson correlation coefficient showed that there was a meaningful negative relationship between avoidant attachment style (P=0.001, r=-0.35), anxiety attachment style (P=0.001, r=-0.29) with adaptation. Also, between secure attachment style (P≥0.001, r=0.41), attachment to mother (P≥0.001, r=0.35), attachment to father (P≥0.001, r=0.37) and attachment to friends (P=0.001, r=0.38) has a significant positive relationship with adaptation. Multiple regression results showed 31% of the total variance of students' academic adjustment by avoidant attachment style (β=-0.16), anxiety attachment style (β=-0.14), secure attachment (β=0.23), attachment to mother (β=0.10), attachment to father (β=0.15), and attachment to friends (β=0.09) are explained. Also, 14% of the variance of academic achievement is explained by the style of secure attachment (β=0.17), attachment to father (β=0.10) and attachment to friends (β=0.11). Conclusion: The present study showed that the first emotional bonds between child and mother play a fundamental role in the formation of social trust and the continuation of emotional relationships in the later period of growth, promoting it positively. Thus, with success in this field, social adjustment is achieved.
Comparison of Job Adaptation Indicators in Crisis between Men and Women
Authors: Kazemian Somaye
Published: January 2022

Aim: The aim of this study was to compare job adaptation indicators for men and women in crisis. Methods: The present research method is mixed (qualitative-quantitative). Families living in city of Sarpolzahab who remained in their city after the Kermanshah earthquake and adapted to the conditions of their area of ​​residence were the sample population. Cluster random sampling method was used to select the sample members. Five districts were selected from the total number of families living in city of Sarpolzahab, in which 380 families were selected as the research sample. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to measure job adaptation to crisis. The construction and adjustment of this questionnaire was obtained through statistical themes from qualitative data. In the present study, the total validity coefficient of the job matching questionnaire with crisis was 0.886. Multivariate analysis of variance was used to analyze the data and Tukey post-hoc test results were reported in more detail. Findings: The findings showed that the components of professional adaptation (professional occupations based on ability and skill, professional occupations based on knowledge and professional occupations based on motivation) did not differ significantly between men and women. Conclusion: Based on the findings of the present study, it can be concluded that due to the crisis, women and men, due to their gender roles, the necessary adaptation happened in the crisis and no significant difference was found between them in terms of job adaptation.
The Mediating Role of Attachment Behaviors in Relationship between Interaction with Family of Origin with Marital Quality and Depression
Authors: Nouri Razieh , Aslani Khaled , Amanelahi Abass
Published: January 2022

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of attachment behaviors in relationship between interaction with family of origin with marital quality and depression. Methods: The research design was inferential with path analysis methodology. The statistical population included all female students of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz in 2019-20, among whom 200 (132 women and 68 men) were recruited using convenient sampling method. The Family-of-Origin Scale (FOS; Hovestadt, et al., 1985), Brief Accessibility, Responsiveness, and Engagement Scale (BARE; Sandberg, et al., 2012), Dyadic Adjustment Scale - Revised Form (Busby, et al., 1995), and Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI; Beck, 1972) were used to measure the variables. The data were analyzed using Pearson product moment correlation coefficient and path analysis method. Findings: The results of correlation analysis showed that there is a significant correlation between all variables (P <0.05). Fitness indices confirmed the research model with a correction index. Also, the results showed that attachment behaviors significantly mediate the relationship between interaction with family of origin with depression and marital quality (P<0.05). Conclusion: Based on the findings, it can be concluded that interventions to promote relationships between couples require attention to interaction with the main family, and their attachment behaviors, especially in the Iranian society.
A Survey of Alcohol Poisoning and Disinfectants Cases in Patients Referred to Hospitals in Yazd Province during the Covid-19 Epidemic (First Wave of the Disease)
Authors: Dehghan Ahmad , Sadeghi Fatemeh , Afzali Fatemeh
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Alcohol and beverages are one of the challenges in the field of hygiene and health today. By increasing the number of people suffering from covid-19 cases of alcohol and disinfectant poisoning increase and the reason was rumors spreading all over the country at the beginning of covid-19 prevalence. The aim of this study was to survey of alcohol poisoning and disinfectants cases in the patients referred to hospitals in Yazd Province during the Covid-19 epidemic.
Methods: This descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study was performed on 101 patients with alcohol poisoning who were admitted to hospitals affiliated to Yazd University of Medical Sciences during the prevalence of covid-19. Sampling was completed by census and information using the standard questionnaire of the Passive Defense Department of the Ministry of Health. Data analysis was performed using independent t-test and Chi-square and also with SPSS 16 software. The significance level was 0.05.
Results: The mean age of 101 patients was 26.07± 7.33 years. 88.1% of patients were male, 58.4% were single and 42.6% had a diploma. 88.51% of the patients obtained their alcohol through peddlers and 47.5% of patients used alcohol to achieve happiness. 59.4% of the patients had no complication-free recovery, 12.9% had improvement with vision problems and 22.8% had other cases.
Conclusion: Given that the covid-19 pandemic will continue, the most important action is to educate families and society about the dangers of alcohol poisoning its long-term effects and mortality, as well as the wrong misconception about effectiveness of alcohol in prevention and the last word in to authorities to pay more attention to public health and strategic planning to prevent It is from the prevalence of methanol.
Descriptive Study of Blood Donors' Blood Pressure in the Population of Male Donors in Tehran in 2017-2018
Authors: Soltani Atefeh , Abbasi Narges , Pourfathollah AliAkbar , Eskandari Mehrabadi Maryam
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Hypertension is one of the most important preventable risk factors for cardiovascular disease. This observational study aimed to depict the role of regular blood donation on the systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP, respectively) in hypertensive patients in comparison with normotensive people.
Methods: This study was performed as a cross-sectional descriptive study on 546 blood donors of Vesal Blood Donation Center in Tehran who donated between 1 and 4 times in the period of 2016-2017. Donors were divided into two groups (hypertension and normal blood pressure) based on the systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) at the time of the first donation. The trend of changes in blood pressure after each donation (second, third and fourth donation) was assessed using SPSS ver. 16 and One way-ANOVA statistical test.
Results: In the group of hypertensive patients, after four blood donations, systolic and diastolic blood pressure showed a statistically significant decrease after three or four donations.Systolic blood pressure in this group after the fourth donation decreased from the mean of 149.1 to 141.6 mm Hg (P = 0.03) and diastolic blood pressure decreased from 90.04 to 86.08 mm Hg (P = 0.04 also), respectively. Decreased blood pressure was also observed in the normal group, although this significant decrease was not reported (P> 0.05).
Conclusion: Our results corroborated a down-regulatory effect of regular blood donation on BP in hypertensive people.  These findings are rather encouraging people toward voluntary blood donation and can be considered in therapy-related issues.
Una mirada a la infancia: el espanto social en Las cosas que perdimos en el fuego, de Mariana Enríquez
Authors: Álvarez Lobato Carmen
Published: January 2022

Este artículo analiza cinco cuentos del volumen Las cosas que perdimos en el fuego, de Mariana Enríquez: “El chico sucio”, “La casa de Adela”, “Pablito clavó un clavito: una evocación del Petiso Orejudo”, “El patio del vecino” y “Bajo el agua negra”, donde la autora reescribe el tema de la infancia. Esta reescritura está lejos de una visión idílica, ya que se trata de la problematización de la infancia moderna; los protagonistas de estos relatos son niños que violentan o son violentados y que, simbólicamente, proponen la ausencia de futuro y esperanza. Para el análisis de estos cuentos utilizo categorías propias de la estética del grotesco, ya que los conceptos propuestos por Wolfgang Kayser en Lo grotesco. Su configuración en pintura y literatura me permiten trascender las convenciones del terror, género con el que normalmente se asocia la obra de Enríquez. Más que los componentes sobrenaturales propios del terror o lo fantástico subrayo en este artículo la crítica social y la noción del vacío que conforman la poética de la autora argentina, de ahí que proponga la categoría del “espanto social”. El mundo que presenta Mariana Enríquez es uno sombrío y desarticulado, sin fuerzas extrañas a las que culpar, que nos obliga a mirar la realidad de nuestra sociedad moderna.
Global Terrorism: National and International Countermeasures
Authors:   Editor-in-Chief of the Drug Control Journal, Candidate of Legal Sciences, Professor, Honored Lawyer of the Russian Federation, Fedorov Aleksandr V. , Sergeev Danil N. ,   Senior Lecturer of the Department of Criminal Law of the Ural State Law University, Candidate of Legal Sciences
Published: January 2022

The article is an analytical review of the statements made by the members of the Russian delegation at the International Forum on Crime and Criminal Law in the Global Era held in Beijing on 29 October — 1 November 2016. Its VIII session was held under the title “Basic Tendencies of Global Terrorism and Counter-Terrorism Fight”. The article reviews and analyses the main statements made by the Russian scholars concerning the definition of international terrorism, the classification of its types, the Russian norms of criminal legislation on the liability for terroristic activities, the criminal liability of legal entities in the system of combating international terrorism, criminalization and penalization of crimes.
Impact of international justice on law development: role of the Nuremberg trials in the formation of the international legal institution of criminal corporate liability
Authors:   Deputy Chairman of the Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation, Candidate of Legal Sciences, Professor, Honored Lawyer of the Russian Federation, Fedorov Aleksandr V.
Published: January 2022

The article draws attention to the significance of the Nuremberg Trials for the development of international criminal law, presents analysis of the provisions of the Charter of the International Military Tribunal and other documents of the Nuremberg Trials with the focus on approaches to the definition of criminal organizations, specified therein.
PRODUCTION OF SPHERICAL GRANULES OF A HIGH-TEMPERATURE METAL COMPOSITE MATERIAL BASED ON MOLYBDENUM
Authors:   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific-Research Institute of Aviation Materials» of National Research Center «Kurchatov Institute», Bobrovskiy A. P. , Efimochkin I. Yu. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific-Research Institute of Aviation Materials» of National Research Center «Kurchatov Institute», Bolshakova A. N. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific-Research Institute of Aviation Materials» of National Research Center «Kurchatov Institute», Khudnev A. A. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific-Research Institute of Aviation Materials» of National Research Center «Kurchatov Institute»
Published: January 2022

Discusses the process of obtaining spherical granules of a metal composite material based on molybdenum with an initial fraction of 40‒63 microns. The results obtained during the research showed the fundamental possibility of spheroidization of granules of high-temperature metal composite materials based on refractory metals reinforced with particles of ceramic compounds. However, the need for a more thorough study and selection of spheroidization modes to minimize the formation of satellites on granules during processing in an electric arc discharge plasma is revealed.
Reverse Engineering the Initial Steps of the Writing Process for Students with Learning Disabilities
Authors: Ewoldt Kathy , Morgan Joseph John
Published: January 2022

Writing is a recursive endeavor that includes multiple and often simultaneous steps (Graham & Harris, 2013; Harris et al., 2002; Rijlaarsdam et al., 2012) and is influenced by the task, environment, and learner characteristics (Flower & Hayes, 1981). These complexities within the writing process complicate the development and implementation of interventions because a breakdown in any of these areas can cause writing difficulties. This study examined an intervention designed to improve writing knowledge and skills by teaching students a strategy for creating a well-organized paragraph through a backward- then forward-sequencing of instruction. The strategy used a systematic coding method across the initial steps of the writing process (i.e., prewriting, drafting) using a graphic organizer and exemplar paragraphs. Ten elementary students in three resource classrooms at an urban school with a high English learner population in the southwestern United States participated in the four-week intervention program. Using non-parametric methods, the comparison of pre- and post-intervention measures indicate both statistically and practically significant improvements in sentence knowledge and expository paragraph writing skills; implications are discussed.
La protección de las mujeres en conflictos armados: Reflexiones desde la perspectiva del Derecho Internacional
Authors: García Ganoza Carmela Sofía
Published: January 2022

El presente artículo tiene por objetivo abordar la protección de las mujeres en contextos de conflictos armados desde el Derecho Internacional, tomando en cuenta los distintos roles que pueden tener las mujeres en estos contextos, así como el impacto diferenciado de los conflictos armados sobre ellas. Para ello, se abordará, en primer lugar, la noción de violencia contra la mujer y sus diversas expresiones durante conflictos armados. En segundo lugar, se analizan las disposiciones del Derecho Internacional Humanitario destinadas a proteger a las mujeres, así como las críticas y limitaciones de dicha regulación. Finalmente, se presentan las contribuciones de otras ramas del Derecho Internacional, tales como el Derecho Penal Internacional, el Derecho Internacional de los Derechos Humanos y la labor del Consejo de Seguridad de las Naciones Unidas, que no solo complementan la regulación del Derecho Internacional Humanitario, sino que también han permitido una ampliación de la protección de las mujeres en estos contextos.
Los servicios públicos de telecomunicaciones y las exigencias ambientales para la instalación de su infraestructura
Authors: Caballero Fernández Cyndel , Morales Alferrano Diego
Published: January 2022

El presente artículo describe las principales obligaciones y exigencias ambientales para la implementación de la infraestructura necesaria para la prestación de servicios públicos de telecomunicaciones tales como la obtención de instrumentos de gestión ambiental, el cumplimiento de los Límites Máximos Permisibles (LMP) y la observancia de principios ambientales. Lo anterior con la finalidad de resaltar que, conforme al marco legal aplicable, las medidas antes señaladas tienen como objetivo que la ejecución de esta actividad económica no genere impactos negativos significativos en el medio ambiente, los recursos naturales y la salud de las personas.
Advancement of Agricultural Technology in Farming of India
Authors: Sharma Avinash , Devadas V.S. , Sharma Hemant , . Bhagya , Kartha D. , Pandey Himanshu , Soni Gaytri , Sharma Supriya , Kumari Nirupa
Published: January 2022

Background: Agricultural technology is an innovated, invented and discovered material that assists people and the country for improving production and productivity. Conventional agricultural technologies were practiced in the country in sustainable agriculture. A large number of inventions from several research and development projects were evolved and discovered that help in boosting transformation of sustainable agriculture into modern agriculture. Methods: The agriculture technology is currently utilized in the dairy farming, poultry farming and organic farming. The working principles of agriculture technology were glanced from the dairy farming, poultry farming and organic farming and collected from the Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Punjab and Gujarat. Result: The control of fly, milking parlours, calf care, young stock housing, hygiene, milk testing technologies etc are currently utilized into the dairy farming in rural India. The robots carries out ding dirty work, flock protection using drones and use of sensors for monitoring and management are applied in the poultry animals. The Information and Communication Technology (ICT) contributes at production and management in dairy farming and poultry farming. It imposes crop development and management and sprays adequate organic chemicals in the crop field. The effective and less expensive technologies like neem based preparations, concentrated organic manure, organic formulations for seed treatment and plant protection, broad-spectrum botanical pesticides and many more have been developed that promote organic agriculture.