bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mapping and Monitoring the Multi-Decadal Dynamics of Australia’s Open Waterbodies Using Landsat
Authors: Krause Claire E. , Newey Vanessa , Alger Matthew J. , Lymburner Leo
Published: April 2021

Water detection algorithms are now being routinely applied to continental and global archives of satellite imagery. However, water resource management decisions typically take place at the waterbody rather than pixel scale. Here, we present a workflow for generating polygons of persistent waterbodies from Landsat observations, enabling improved monitoring and management of water assets across Australia. We use Digital Earth Australia’s (DEA) Water Observations from Space (WOfS) product, which provides a water classified output for every available Landsat scene, to determine the spatial locations and extents of waterbodies across Australia. We generated a polygon set of waterbodies that identified 295,906 waterbodies ranging in size from 3125 m2 to 4820 km2. Each polygon was used to generate a time series of WOfS, providing a history of the change in surface area of each waterbody every ~16 days since 1987. We demonstrate the applications of this new dataset, DEA Waterbodies, to understanding local through to national-scale surface water spatio-temporal dynamics. DEA Waterbodies provides new insights into Australia’s water availability and enables the monitoring of important landscape features such as lakes and dams, improving our ability to use earth observation data to make meaningful decisions.
Wetlands Cool Land Surface Temperature in Tropical Regions but Warm in Boreal Regions
Authors: Wu Yuxuan , Xi Yi , Feng Maoyuan , Peng Shushi
Published: April 2021

Wetlands play a critical role in global hydrological and biogeochemical cycles. Regulating the regional climate is one of the most important ecosystem services of natural wetlands. However, the impact of wetlands on local temperature on the global scale and the attribution is still unclear. This study utilizes the satellite-based products (land surface temperature (LST), albedo, and evapotranspiration (ET)) to evaluate the difference in LST between wetlands and their adjacent landcover types and the possible drivers. Here we show that on average for the whole year, wetlands have a cooling effect in tropical regions, but have a warming effect in boreal regions. The impacts of wetlands on LST show great seasonality in the boreal regions; i.e., the wetlands have a warming effect in winter but a cooling effect in summer. The difference in albedo and ET between wetlands and the other landcover types only interprets 30% of temporal variation of the difference in LST. Due to the large water storage in wetlands, the ground heat flux (G) may interpret the rest of the impact, absorbing energy in summer and releasing energy in winter in wetlands, which has often been neglected in previous studies. Our results indicate that it is critical to comprehensively consider the effects of wetland restoration in different regions to realize potential climatic benefits in the future.
HDFNet: Hierarchical Dynamic Fusion Network for Change Detection in Optical Aerial Images
Authors: Zhang Yi , Fu Lei , Li Ying , Zhang Yanning
Published: April 2021

Accurate change detection in optical aerial images by using deep learning techniques has been attracting lots of research efforts in recent years. Correct change-detection results usually involve both global and local deep learning features. Existing deep learning approaches have achieved good performance on this task. However, under the scenarios of containing multiscale change areas within a bi-temporal image pair, existing methods still have shortcomings in adapting these change areas, such as false detection and limited completeness in detected areas. To deal with these problems, we design a hierarchical dynamic fusion network (HDFNet) to implement the optical aerial image-change detection task. Specifically, we propose a change-detection framework with hierarchical fusion strategy to provide sufficient information encouraging for change detection and introduce dynamic convolution modules to self-adaptively learn from this information. Also, we use a multilevel supervision strategy with multiscale loss functions to supervise the training process. Comprehensive experiments are conducted on two benchmark datasets, LEBEDEV and LEVIR-CD, to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method and the experimental results show that our model achieves state-of-the-art performance.
An Adaptive TE-PV Hybrid Energy Harvesting System for Self-Powered IoT Sensor Applications
Authors: Mishu Mahmuda Khatun , Rokonuzzaman Md. , Pasupuleti Jagadeesh , Shakeri Mohammad , Rahman Kazi Sajedur , Binzaid Shuza , Tiong Sieh Kiong , Amin Nowshad
Published: April 2021

In this paper, an integrated thermoelectric (TE) and photovoltaic (PV) hybrid energy harvesting system (HEHS) is proposed for self-powered internet of thing (IoT)-enabled wireless sensor networks (WSNs). The proposed system can run at a minimum of 0.8 V input voltage under indoor light illumination of at least 50 lux and a minimum temperature difference, ∆T = 5 °C. At the lowest illumination and temperature difference, the device can deliver 0.14 W of power. At the highest illumination of 200 lux and ∆T = 13 °C, the device can deliver 2.13 W. The developed HEHS can charge a 0.47 F, 5.5 V supercapacitor (SC) up to 4.12 V at the combined input voltage of 3.2 V within 17 s. In the absence of any energy sources, the designed device can back up the complete system for 92 s. The sensors can successfully send 39 data string to the webserver within this time at a two-second data transmission interval. A message queuing telemetry transport (MQTT) based IoT framework with a customised smartphone application ‘MQTT dashboard’ is developed and integrated with an ESP32 Wi-Fi module to transmit, store, and monitor the sensors data over time. This research, therefore, opens up new prospects for self-powered autonomous IoT sensor systems under fluctuating environments and energy harvesting regimes, however, utilising available atmospheric light and thermal energy.
Internet of Things Geosensor Network for Cost-Effective Landslide Early Warning Systems
Authors: Gamperl Moritz , Singer John , Thuro Kurosch
Published: April 2021

Worldwide, cities with mountainous areas struggle with an increasing landslide risk as a consequence of global warming and population growth, especially in low-income informal settlements. Landslide Early Warning Systems (LEWS) are an effective measure to quickly reduce these risks until long-term risk mitigation measures can be realized. To date however, LEWS have only rarely been implemented in informal settlements due to their high costs and complex operation. Based on modern Internet of Things (IoT) technologies such as micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) sensors and the LoRa (Long Range) communication protocol, the Inform@Risk research project is developing a cost-effective geosensor network specifically designed for use in a LEWS for informal settlements. It is currently being implemented in an informal settlement in the outskirts of Medellin, Colombia for the first time. The system, whose hardware and firmware is open source and can be replicated freely, consists of versatile LoRa sensor nodes which have a set of MEMS sensors (e.g., tilt sensor) on board and can be connected to various different sensors including a newly developed low cost subsurface sensor probe for the detection of ground movements and groundwater level measurements. Complemented with further innovative measurement systems such as the Continuous Shear Monitor (CSM) and a flexible data management and analysis system, the newly developed LEWS offers a good benefit-cost ratio and in the future can hopefully find application in other parts of the world.
A Review on Low-Cost Microwave Doppler Radar Systems for Structural Health Monitoring
Authors: Rodrigues Davi V. Q. , Li Changzhi
Published: April 2021

Portable, low-cost, microwave radars have attracted researchers’ attention for being an alternative noncontact solution for structural condition monitoring. In addition, by leveraging their capability of providing the target velocity information, the radar-based remote monitoring of complex rotating structures can also be accomplished. Modern radar systems are compact, able to be easily integrated in sensor networks, and can deliver high accuracy measurements. This paper reviews the recent technical advances in low-cost Doppler radar systems for phase-demodulated displacement measurements and time-Doppler analysis for structural health information, including digital signal processing and emerging applications related to radar sensor networks.
Platoon Merging Approach Based on Hybrid Trajectory Planning and CACC Strategies
Authors: Hidalgo Carlos , Lattarulo Ray , Flores Carlos , Pérez Rastelli Joshué
Published: April 2021

Currently, the increase of transport demands along with the limited capacity of the road network have increased traffic congestion in urban and highway scenarios. Technologies such as Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control (CACC) emerge as efficient solutions. However, a higher level of cooperation among multiple vehicle platoons is needed to improve, effectively, the traffic flow. In this paper, a global solution to merge two platoons is presented. This approach combines: (i) a longitudinal controller based on a feed-back/feed-forward architecture focusing on providing CACC capacities and (ii) hybrid trajectory planning to merge platooning on straight paths. Experiments were performed using Tecnalia’s previous basis. These are the AUDRIC modular architecture for automated driving and the highly reliable simulation environment DYNACAR. A simulation test case was conducted using five vehicles, two of them executing the merging and three opening the gap to the upcoming vehicles. The results showed the good performance of both domains, longitudinal and lateral, merging multiple vehicles while ensuring safety and comfort and without propagating speed changes.
Aggregated Roles of Smartphones in Young Adults’ Leisure and Well-Being: A Diary Study
Authors: Irimiás Anna , Csordás Tamás , Kiss Kornélia , Michalkó Gábor
Published: April 2021

Young adults spend most of their leisure time in the company of their smartphones. Drawing on the theory of digital well-being and on the concept of psychological sustainability, our aim is to investigate the relationship between digitalization-dominated leisure-time consumption to identify the aggregated roles of smartphones. We suggest that smartphones play different roles in young adults’ daily life. To test our predictions, we used a qualitative method, a two-day time-use diary with structured interviews; two sample groups were recruited for data gathering. The results of the content analysis and of the qualitative sentiment analysis show that mobile devices have a marked agenda-setter function, along with the functions of ‘separator’ and ‘enabler’. The use of smartphones leads to idleness and perceived timelessness while staying physically immobile. Results expand our knowledge on the aggregated role of smartphones in young adults’ activities. Wider society can benefit from the research findings, stimulating young adults to acknowledge the aggregated roles and functions of their smartphones and to develop their digital well-being.
Exploring Intention to Use Shared Electric Bicycles by the Extended Theory of Planned Behavior
Authors: Li Jun , Shen Jiachao , Jia Bicen
Published: April 2021

In China, shared electric bicycles are developing rapidly, and are widely used by residents. Understanding the factors that affect residents’ intention to use shared electric bicycles is important for implementing a policy of developing sustainable transportation. A sample of 751 respondents has been collected in a small-sized Chinese city to analyze residents’ intention to use shared electric bicycles, using an extended theory of planned behavior model. The findings reveal that the research model can well explain residents’ intention to use shared electric bicycles. Attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control have direct positive effects on the intention to use shared electric bicycles. Among them, the subjective norm has the greatest impact on the intention to use shared electric bicycles. Environmental concern and policy support have indirect positive effects on the intention to use shared electric bicycles through the partial mediation of attitude and subjective norm. Based on the above analysis, some measures are proposed to guide the development of shared electric bicycles.
Transition towards Smart City: The Case of Tallinn
Authors: Sarv Lill , Soe Ralf-Martin
Published: April 2021

The main interest of this paper is to analyze the gap between an existing city and its future vision set in the strategy, with a focus on the transition path towards becoming a Smart City. For the analyses, we used the example of Tallinn, a middle-sized European capital city acknowledged in innovation reports as a good example of a Smart City development. This is a qualitative case study with data based on the Tallinn 2035 strategy document and on the interviews conducted with city officials. We mapped the current situation in regard to the four Smart City strategies dichotomies framework in order to understand if and how the future vision of Tallinn differs from the present. The results indicate that the current direction deviates in several ways from the future vision set in the strategy, and that to be able to move towards the vision, strategic changes are needed. With this paper we hope to add some insights to the literature about the knowledge gap between Smart City theory and implementation from the perspective of a present situation versus long-term strategy.
Addressing Tensions and Paradoxes in Sustainable Wine Industry: The Case of the Association “Le Donne Del Vino”
Authors: Anzivino Alessia , Galli Marta , Sebastiani Roberta
Published: April 2021

Practising sustainable business in the wine industry requires addressing social, economic and environmental goals. This paper focuses on the process of addressing tensions and paradoxes amongst these goals at the different levels of the service ecosystem in the Italian sustainable wine industry and on the platformisation role at the meso level. The study adopts a qualitative approach based on 23 in-depth interviews with associates of Le Donne del Vino. The collected data were triangulated with those derived from participatory observations and the analysis of secondary data. The study’s findings reveal that the presence of an organisation at the meso level activates the harmonisation of value co-creation within the service ecosystem. This is achieved by intervening in the four different paradoxes, namely, belonging, learning, organising and performing, which emerge from the adoption of a sustainable approach.
A Green Transportation Planning Approach for Coal Heavy-Haul Railway System by Simultaneously Optimizing Energy Consumption and Capacity Utilization
Authors: Fu Jianjun , Chen Junhua
Published: April 2021

Coal heavy-haul railway has been aiming at maximizing capacity utilization, but ignoring energy consumption for a long time. With the focus on green production, heavy-haul railways need transportation organization plans that can balance energy consumption and capacity utilization. Based on this, this paper proposes a data mining + optimization framework that uses train trajectory data to estimate train energy consumption and then uses a mixed integer programming model to simultaneously optimize plans from energy and capacity aspects. We use Gaussian distribution to describe features of energy consumption under different situations, and build a multi-dimensional cube to store these features to connect with the optimization model. In addition, a branch-and-bound algorithm is design to solve the optimization model. From the sensitivity analyses we can conclude that (1) shortening the departure interval from 13 min to 9 min will generate more energy consumption, about 3.6%; (2) combining short-form trains (50 units) with long-form trains (100 units) while increasing the carrying capacity will generate more energy consumption, about 5~14%; and (3) by controlling weights of the optimization model, capacity–energy-balanced plans can be obtained. The results can contribute to improving the sustainability of railways.
Scalable Codes for Precision Calculations of Properties of Complex Atomic Systems
Authors: Cheung Charles , Safronova Marianna , Porsev Sergey
Published: April 2021

High precision atomic data are indispensable for studies of fundamental symmetries, tests of fundamental physics postulates, developments of atomic clocks, ultracold atom experiments, astrophysics, plasma science, and many other fields of research. We have developed a new parallel atomic structure code package that enables computations that were not previously possible due to system complexity. This code package also allows much quicker computations to be run with higher accuracy for simple systems. We explored different methods of load-balancing matrix element calculations for many-electron systems, which are very difficult due to the intrinsic nature of the computational methods used to calculate them. Furthermore, dynamic memory allocation and MPI parallelization have been implemented to optimize and accelerate the computations. We have achieved near-perfect linear scalability and efficiency with the number of processors used for calculation, paving the way towards the future where most open-shell systems will finally be able to be treated with good accuracy. We present several examples illustrating new capabilities of the newly developed codes, specifically correlating up to all 60 electrons in the highly charged Ir17+ ion and predicting certain properties of Fe16+.
Energy Saving and Economic Evaluations of Exhaust Waste Heat Recovery Hot Water Supply System for Resort
Authors: Nguyen Nghia-Huu , Lee Dong-Yeon , Garud Kunal Sandip , Lee Moo-Yeon
Published: April 2021

The objective of this study is to investigate the energy savings and economics of the hot water supply system for the luxury resort. The hot water was generated using the waste heat from the exhaust gas heat (EGH) of internal combustion engine (ICE) installed at the luxury resort. The capacity and characteristics of waste heat source, flow demand and supply system of hot water were surveyed, and data is collected from the real system. The new heat exchanger system which utilizes the EGH to produce the hot water is designed considering the dew point temperature and the back pressure of exhaust gas system. The results show that the proposed system could supply hot water at a temperature of 55 °C corresponding to the present resort demand of 6 m3/h using EGH of ICE at 20% load. The proposed system could achieve the saving of 400 L/day in diesel oil (DO) fuel consumption and the payback time of new system could be evaluated as 9 months. The proposed system could produce hot water of 14 m3/h at 25% of engine load and 29 m3/h at full engine load which are sufficient to satisfy the regular and maximum hot water demand of resort. The presented results show the capability of the proposed system to satisfy the current hot water demand of resort and suggest the larger potential to save energy by recovering EGH of ICE. The novelty of the present work involves detailed methodology to design heat exchangers and evaluate system economics for hot water supply system based on EGH of ICE.
Regularity Criteria for the 3D Magneto-Hydrodynamics Equations in Anisotropic Lorentz Spaces
Authors: Ragusa Maria Alessandra , Wu Fan
Published: April 2021

In this paper, we investigate the regularity of weak solutions to the 3D incompressible MHD equations. We provide a regularity criterion for weak solutions involving any two groups functions (∂1u1,∂1b1), (∂2u2,∂2b2) and (∂3u3,∂3b3) in anisotropic Lorentz space.
Developing a Consistent, Reproducible Botulinum Toxin Type A Dosing Method for Upper Limb Tremor by Kinematic Analysis
Authors: Samotus Olivia , Lee Jack , Jog Mandar
Published: April 2021

Botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) injection patterns customized to each patient’s unique tremor characteristics produce better efficacy and lower adverse effects compared to the fixed-muscle-fixed-dose approach for Essential Tremor (ET) and Parkinson’s disease (PD) tremor therapy. This article outlined how a kinematic-based dosing method to standardize and customize BoNT-A injections for tremors was developed. Seven ET and eight PD participants with significant tremor reduction and minimal perceived weakness using optimized BoNT-A injections determined by clinical and kinematic guidance were retrospectively selected to develop the kinematic-based dosing method. BoNT-A dosages allocated per joint were paired to baseline tremor amplitudes per joint. The final kinematic-based dosing method was prospectively utilized to validate BoNT-A injection pattern selection without clinical/visual assessments in 31 ET and 47 PD participants with debilitating arm tremors (totaling 122 unique tremor patterns). Whole-arm kinematic tremor analysis was performed at baseline and 6-weeks post-injection. Correlation and linear regression analyses between baseline tremor amplitudes and the change in tremor amplitude 6-weeks post-injection, with BoNT-A dosages per joint, were performed. Injection patterns determined using clinical assessment and interpretation of kinematics produced significant associations between baseline tremor amplitudes and optimized BoNT-A dosages in all joints. The change in elbow tremor was only significantly associated with the elbow total dose as the change in the wrist and shoulder tremor amplitudes were not significantly associated with the wrist and shoulder dosages from the selected 15 ET and PD participants. Using the kinematic-based dosing method, significant associations between baseline tremor amplitudes and the change (6-weeks post-first treatment) in tremor at each joint with BoNT-A dosages for all joints was observed in all 78 ET and PD participants. The kinematic-based dosing method provided consistency in dose selection and subsequent tremor reduction and can be used to standardize tremor assessments for whole-arm tremor treatment planning.
Innovative and Highly Sensitive Detection of Clostridium perfringens Enterotoxin Based on Receptor Interaction and Monoclonal Antibodies
Authors: Neumann Thea , Krüger Maren , Weisemann Jasmin , Mahrhold Stefan , Stern Daniel , Dorner Martin B. , Feraudet-Tarisse Cécile , Pöhlmann Christopher , Schulz Katharina , Messelhäußer Ute , Rimek Dagmar , Gessler Frank , Elßner Thomas , Simon Stéphanie , Rummel Andreas , Dorner Brigitte G.
Published: April 2021

Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin (CPE) regularly causes food poisoning and antibiotic-associated diarrhea; therefore, reliable toxin detection is crucial. To this aim, we explored stationary and mobile strategies to detect CPE either exclusively by monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) or, alternatively, by toxin-enrichment via the cellular receptor of CPE, claudin-4, and mAb detection. Among the newly generated mAbs, we identified nine CPE-specific mAbs targeting five distinct epitopes, among them mAbs recognizing CPE bound to claudin-4 or neutralizing CPE activity in vitro. In surface plasmon resonance experiments, all mAbs and claudin-4 revealed excellent affinities towards CPE, ranging from 0.05 to 2.3 nM. Integrated into sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs), the most sensitive mAb/mAb and claudin-4/mAb combinations achieved similar detection limits of 0.3 pg/mL and 1.0 pg/mL, respectively, specifically detecting recombinant CPE from spiked feces and native CPE from 30 different C. perfringens culture supernatants. The implementation of mAb- and receptor-based ELISAs into a mobile detection platform enabled the fast detection of CPE, which will be helpful in clinical laboratories to diagnose diarrhea of assumed bacterial origin. In conclusion, we successfully employed an endogenous receptor and novel high affinity mAbs for highly sensitive and specific CPE-detection. These tools will be useful for both basic and applied research.
Detection and Typing of Human Enteroviruses from Clinical Samples by Entire-Capsid Next Generation Sequencing
Authors: Majumdar Manasi , Celma Cristina , Pegg Elaine , Polra Krunal , Dunning Jake , Martin Javier
Published: April 2021

There are increasing concerns of infections by enteroviruses (EVs) causing severe disease in humans. EV diagnostic laboratory methods show differences in sensitivity and specificity as well as the level of genetic information provided. We examined a detection method for EVs based on next generation sequencing (NGS) analysis of amplicons covering the entire capsid coding region directly synthesized from clinical samples. One hundred and twelve clinical samples from England; previously shown to be positive for EVs, were analyzed. There was high concordance between the results obtained by the new NGS approach and those from the conventional Sanger method used originally with agreement in the serotypes identified in the 83 samples that were typed by both methods. The sensitivity and specificity of the NGS method compared to those of the conventional Sanger sequencing typing assay were 94.74% (95% confidence interval, 73.97% to 99.87%) and 97.85% (92.45% to 99.74%) for Enterovirus A, 93.75% (82.80% to 98.69%) and 89.06% (78.75% to 95.49%) for Enterovirus B, 100% (59.04% to 100%) and 98.10% (93.29% to 99.77%) for Enterovirus C, and 100% (75.29% to 100%) and 100% (96.34% to 100%) for Enterovirus D. The NGS method identified five EVs in previously untyped samples as well as additional viruses in some samples, indicating co-infection. This method can be easily expanded to generate whole-genome EV sequences as we show here for EV-D68. Information from capsid and whole-genome sequences is critical to help identifying the genetic basis for changes in viral properties and establishing accurate spatial-temporal associations between EV strains of public health relevance.
Challenges to Water Management in Ecuador: Legal Authorization, Quality Parameters, and Socio-Political Responses
Authors: Wingfield Sarah , Martínez-Moscoso Andrés , Quiroga Diego , Ochoa-Herrera Valeria
Published: April 2021

Ecuador has historically had a unique experience with water law, management, and policy as a result of its constitutional declaration of water access as a human right. In this paper, the legal, environmental, economic, and social aspects related to water management in Ecuador are analyzed. In doing so, the incorporation of local governance structures such as water users’ associations (WUAs) are characterized within a national model of authorization under SENAGUA, Ecuador’s former water agency, highlighting the importance of integrated management for meeting the country’s geographically and environmentally diverse needs. Additionally, the role of anthropogenic activities such as crude oil production, artisanal and small-scale gold (ASGM) mining, agriculture, sewage discharge, and domestic practices are evaluated in the context of policy implementation and environmental quality concerns. Finally, individual and community-level responses are explored, highlighting the importance of geographically specific perceptions of water rights and quality in the adoption of coping strategies. In these ways, a multi-faceted analysis of Ecuadorian water policy shaped by community-level engagement, geographic diversity, and influential economic sectors is developed. This study highlights the need for increased financial and legislative support around extractive and polluting industries such as agriculture, ASGM, and sewage treatment for long-term safety and sustainability of water access in Ecuador. Additionally, increased efforts to educate industry-specific workers, local management boards, and individuals about potential solutions to water-related challenges will help improve the efficiency of current legislation. Finally, this study underscores a need for additional research related to water quality and sustainability in Ecuador, as well as for the social, economic, and environmentally specific factors that influence water security outcomes in the country.
Environmental Hydraulics in the New Millennium: Historical Evolution and Recent Research Trends
Authors: Zeng Xianglai , Gualtieri Carlo , Liu Haifei , Shao Dongdong
Published: April 2021

Environmental Hydraulics (EH) is the scientific study of environmental water flows and their related transport and transformation processes in natural water systems. This review provides some remarks about the historical development of EH throughout three different paradigms or ages, namely, the Public Health Age, the Water Quality Age, and finally the Integrated Environmental Hydraulics Age. We further evaluate how EH research has changed in the last 20 years through a bibliometric analysis of the proceedings of the International Symposium on Environmental Hydraulics (ISEH) and Environmental Fluid Mechanics (EFMC) journal articles conducted using Citespace and Leximancer. Authors and affiliations are analyzed to identify patterns of collaboration, followed by an analysis of the temporal evolution of the EFMC impact index as well as its highly-cited articles. Finally, the major EH topics are identified with a comparison between the topics extracted from the two different sources. As the EH field is becoming rapidly global, some topics were confirmed to have attracted more interest in EH such as Flow Condition, Numerical Modelling, Experimental Measurements. It is hoped that our findings could provide a reference for students, academics, and policy-makers related to EH.
Legal Aspects of Urban Water and Sanitation Regulatory Services: An Analysis of How the Spanish Experience Positively Would Contribute to the Brazilian New Regulation
Authors: Navarro Ortega Asensio , Burlani Neves Rafael
Published: April 2021

This paper focuses on the legal and institutional framework of urban water services in Spain, emphasizing water sanitation by using proposals that would positively contribute to wastewater management in Brazil. The recent Brazilian Federal Law No. 14,026/20 aims to encourage investment in water sanitation, promoting public-private collaboration formulas so that service management is viable even in economically less-favored regions. In Spain, sanitation policies are aimed at fulfilling the set of obligations and objectives imposed by European Union Directives within the environmental policies of the Union. From an economic point of view, supply and sanitation water services are classified at European legal framework as “services of general economic interest” (SGEI), not subject to harmonized regulation and open to a natural monopoly provision regime, which they admit various types of management formulas, public and private, based on the ownership and public intervention of the service, both at national and European level. We believe that the Spanish experience in this field, beyond its singularities, can serve as a useful reference for Brazilian’s urban wastewater new regulation for several reasons: (1) Because of the decentralized political scheme that both countries share and the need to articulate an adequate system of competencies in consequence; (2) Because of the international experience that Spanish companies have at the sector’s technological forefront, they are very competitive; (3) Due to the adequate functioning of the Spanish legal and organizational framework since, despite its shortcomings, as we later will comment, it has managed to develop successful financing formulas and management models that, in general terms, have allowed to ensure with reasonable efficiency, continuity, stability and sustainability in the provision of urban water services.
Modelling Domestic Water Use in Metropolitan Areas Using Socio-Cognitive Agents
Authors: Perello-Moragues Antoni , Poch Manel , Sauri David , Popartan Lucia , Noriega Pablo
Published: April 2021

In this paper, we present an agent-based model for exploring the interplay of basic structural and socio-cognitive factors and conventional water saving measures in the evolution of domestic water use in metropolitan areas. Using data of Barcelona, we discuss three scenarios that involve plausible demographic and cultural trends. Results show that, in the three scenarios, aggregate outcomes are consistent with available conventional modelling (while total water use grows, per capita water use declines); however, the agent-based simulation also reveals, for each scenario, the different dynamics of simple policy measures with population growth, cultural trends and social influence; thus providing unexpected insights for policy design.
Obsessão Compulsiva: Games, efeitos em terceira pessoa e funções pós-massivas nas (re)mediações da (ciber)cultura do entretenimento
Authors: Andrade Luiz Adolfo De
Published: April 2021

O presente artigo busca identificar e apontar traços da hipótese dos efeitos em terceira pessoa, desenhados a partir da experiência em ambientes de função pós-massiva, integrantes da proposta dos Alternate Reality Games. Acreditamos que sua figuração em comunicações de caráter persuasivo, no meio digital, pode deflagrar em uma parcela específica do público efeitos próximos aos percebidos por W.P. Davison em 1983, nomeados efeitos em terceira pessoa. Nossa análise será construída com base no game Obsessão Compulsiva, ARG utilizado na campanha promocional do filme Meu Nome Não é Johnny, a maior bilheteria do cinema brasileiro em 2008. Partimos da premissa de que uma das razões para este sucesso de público está relacionada à manifestação dos efeitos em terceira pessoa. Através de uma revisão bibliográfica, concluímos que os resultados podem ser percebidos em um público mais amplo, externo ao grupo de jogadores, e que não teve acesso ou não participou do game. Estas pessoas refletiram os efeitos desejados pela produção do jogo, configurando uma analogia à hipótese concebida pro Davison. Ao final, constatamos que a pioneira estratégia de marketing viral contribuiu para Meu nome Não é Johnny ser o principal sucesso nacional de bilheteria, em 2008.
Apresentação
Authors: Ícone Editores
Published: April 2021

A música popular é uma temática em franca expansão na pesquisa em Comunicação. Sua inegável importância sociocultural tem sido pesquisada há quase três décadas por antropólogos, musicólogos, etnomusicólogos, sociólogos, historiadores, pesquisadores da área de Letras e diversas outras disciplinas, mas seu espaço na Comunicação ainda é pequeno perto de sua projeção midiática. Notadamente interdisciplinar, a pesquisa sobre música popular permite uma grande diversidade de enfoques e abordagens, que tendem a incorporar colaborações de áreas distintas, tensionando as próprias fronteiras disciplinares. Quase sempre, o estudo de seus aspectos formais, sociais, contextuais, históricos e midiáticos fundem-se na análise de diversos pesquisadores que se debruçam sobre o tema.
Expediente
Authors: Ícone Editores
Published: April 2021

Coordenadora do PPGCOM - UFPE Isaltina Maria Azevedo Mello Gomes Vice-Coordenador do PPGCOM - UFPE Felipe da Costa Trotta---EditoresFelipe Trotta José Afonso Jr. Paulo C. Cunha Filho
Apresentação
Authors: Ícone Editores
Published: April 2021

Seja como prática social ou como fonte de investigações teóricas, a Comunicação é um dos mais inesgotáveis e atraentes campos de estudos da atualidade. O crescimento e a ampliação das plataformas midiáticas hoje no mercado, e a relevância que, nos últimos anos, vêm assumindo os meios de comunicação (massivos ou não), no que diz respeito às tecnologias de informação, ao controle da opinião e à regulamentação do consumo, evidenciam a necessidade das análises transdisciplinares das suas implicações nas sociedades contemporâneas. Portanto, não é por acaso que os múltiplos fenômenos midiáticos são a tônica desta primeira edição de 2010 da Revista Ícone.
As Fotografias de Cindy Sherman: Reflexão e criação sobre os sujeitos contemporâneos
Authors: Araújo Camila Leite
Published: April 2021

Este artigo objetiva uma reflexão sobre a obra da artista plástica Cindy Sherman, a partir de três trabalhos: A Play of Selves (1975), Untitled Film Stills (1977-1980) e The Cosmopolitans (1998), na tentativa de compreender como seus autorretratos serviram de instrumento para criar e refletir a condição das identidades contemporâneas. Desta forma, o artigo divide-se em quatro partes: de início, uma introdução sobre o trabalho de Sherman; na segunda parte é analisada ‘A play of Selves’ contextualizando as obras iniciais da artista com sua tentativa de elaborar uma autorreflexão; segue-se uma análise de ‘Untitled Film Stills’ a partir de uma estratégia de questionar as imagens irreais socialmente construídas a respeito das mulheres; na ultima parte abordaremos a obra ‘The Cosmopolitans’ a partir de questões universais como o medo de envelhecer, a pressão social para homogeneizar os padrões estéticos e idéias equivocadas sobre a beleza feminina.
Do Analógico ao Digital: negociações e ultrapassagens
Authors: Fatorelli Antônio
Published: April 2021

Analisar as mutações em curso nesse momento de transição entre a cultura analógica e cultura digital, destacando a forma negociada de existência da imagem fotográfica, situada entre a criação autônoma e a função reprodutiva. Uma forma de existência essencialmente instável, que coloca em relação a realidade pró-fílmica e as singularidades da imagem, motivadora, em boa medida, do fascínio exercido pela fotografia.
MARINE TRAFFIC ON MEDITERRANEAN SEAS AND ITS DIVISIONS
Authors: CHIROSCA Ana-Maria , RUSU Liliana
Published: April 2021

The Mediterranean Sea is the largest sea in the world and its most important sub-divisions regarding maritime traffic are the Ionian Sea, Tyrrhenian Sea, Ligurian Sea, Balearic Sea, Alboran Sea, Aegean Sea and the Adriatic Sea.

This paper analyses how marine traffic has evolved in this area over the centuries, considering the historical traffic corridors (such as the Adriatic-Ionian Transport Corridor), the climate, the different sea-level rise due to climate change, and the wave heights and its period.

Water circulation on Mediterranean is affected on a short time scale due to weather changes, and especially due to changes in salinity and temperature that could make the sea more stratified by the end of the 21st cen-tury.

Regarding the complex meteorological factors, the high number of islands, islets, narrow passages, canals and submerged rocks in the waters, Mediterranean Sea remains one of the most important shipping routes with significant tanker traffic and unfortunately one of the areas with higher risk of maritime accidents, 75% of the shipping accidents being recorded in Aegean Sea.
Political and legal tradition of the East: the problem of understanding
Authors: Lomakina Irina
Published: April 2021

The article deals with the complex legal tradition (the tradition of traditions) of the East determining the ways of civilizational development of all non-European peoples being involved in the non-Western cultural ecumene. It is noted that the complex Eastern legal tradition has received an ambiguous assessment in the theoretical and legal discourse. Its various interpretations being repletet with negative connotations are largely associated with ideological preferences stemming from the liberal idea that there is no law in the East, and Eastern despotism has preserved political culture for many years making it an appendage of totalitarian statehood. Ideological cliches are repeated from one textbook to another, they are met in a range of monographs on foreign history and the history of political and legal thought. This article provides an alternative view on the understanding of Eastern statehood with its attributes of “duty”, “responsibility”, “collectivism” having become fundamental staples of the Eastern complex legal tradition. It is noted that the material conditions of social life and the mentality projected on the state-legal life have created a special type of public administration, which contrary to forecasts of an “imminent death”, shows miracles of vitality to this day. The article describes in sufficient detail the Confucian doctrine with its non-legal from the point of view of Western culture methods of education and edification, which in fact became a prologue to the communitarian projects of the future. The article proves that the study of the fundamental provisions of the Eastern tradition makes it possible to question the established narratives that “the past of the West is in the East” and “the East is the resource margin of the advanced world”. The modern world is multi-faceted, so understanding the Eastern complex legal tradition gives reason to better understand yourself through the prism of another. Therefore, the article actualizes the understanding that the Eastern type of legal tradition has an internal logic of development and this type is neither better nor worse than the Western one.
DESENVOLVIMENTO INICIAL DE ESPÉCIES ARBÓREAS EM PLANTIO DE ENRIQUECIMENTO DE FLORESTA SECUNDÁRIA EM SANTARÉM, PARÁ
Authors: Rayol Breno Pinto , Rayol Yasmin Alvino
Published: April 2021

Estudos sobre o comportamento de espécies arbóreas em vegetação secundária, fornecem importantes subsídios para o manejo desses agroecossistemas. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o desenvolvimento inicial de mudas de oito espécies arbóreas plantadas em um fragmento de floresta secundária, localizado na zona urbana de Santarém, oeste do estado do Pará. Foram avaliadas, durante 36 meses, a sobrevivência e o crescimento em altura das mudas. As espécies Hymenaea courbaril L, Handroanthus serratifolius (Vahl) S.Grose. e Cordiagoeldiana Huber foram as que apresentaram maiores taxas de sobrevivência (> 90,0%). Enterolobiumschomburgkii (Benth.) Benth., Ocoteacaudata (Nees) Mez. e Mezilaurusitauba (Meisn.) Taub. obtiveram taxas de sobrevivências medianas durante o período avaliado, variando de 71,4 a 88,9%. Quanto ao crescimento em altura das mudas, destacaram-se as espécies H. courbaril e H. serratifolius, que,aos 24 meses já apresentavam alturas médias superiores a um metro. A grande variação de taxa de sobrevivência e crescimento das mudas entre as espécies avaliadas confirma a importância de uma melhor compreensão da performance de mudas de espécies arbóreas no campo, com a finalidade de propor as mais recomendadas para enriquecimento de florestas secundárias na região.
Removal of Mo/Si multilayer coatings on fused silica substrates by wet chemical etching
Authors: Toyoda Mitsunori , Yokoyama Ryo , Waki Shuntaro , Kakudate Toshiyuki , Chen Jun
Published: April 2021

This work examined a novel etching procedure for the complete removal of Mo/Si multilayer coatings, as a means of reusing valuable mirror substrates employed in extreme ultraviolet imaging. A multilayer coating deposited on a fused silica substrate was etched with an alkaline solution containing potassium ferricyanide and sodium hydroxide, and the entire coating was removed within 60 min. The root mean square roughness and power spectrum density characteristics were subsequently assessed and the resulting values were equivalent to those before the deposition of the coating. These results demonstrate that such coatings can be removed while maintaining the original surface figure.
Kinetic progress in post-synthetic doping of 2D perovskite nanoplatelets
Authors: Zhang Ruohu , Qu Junfeng , Chen Zizi , Wang Chunlei , Xu Shuhong
Published: April 2021

Room-temperature post-synthetic doping in perovskite has drawn much attention for its looser condition and controllable doping. Compared with direct synthesis, the kinetic progress in post-synthetic doping is unique and may provide new methods for the manipulation of doping. In this work, the kinetic progress during post-synthetic doping in 2D perovskite nanoplatelets (NPLs) is studied. It was found that in spite of the feeding ratio, the concentration of dopant precursor can also affect post-synthetic doping progress. Afterwards, Mn was doped into 2D perovskite NPLs through fixed-volume doping and fixed-concentration doping for comparison and both methods can realize white-light emission.
РОЗРОБКА МЕТОДУ ОПТИМАЛЬНОГО МАРШРУТУ ПОЛЬОТУ БЕЗПІЛОТНОГО ЛІТАЛЬНОГО АПАРАТУ НА ОСНОВІ МУРАШИНОГО АЛГОРИТМУ
Authors: Олексенко Олександр , Ярошенко Ярослав
Published: April 2021

Запропоновано використання мурашиного алгоритму для визначення маршрутів польоту безпілотного літального апарата (БПЛА) до об’єктів розвідки (удару). В алгоритмі рішення будується в ітераційному процесі багатьма агентами (мурахами), які взаємодіють між собою через стігмержі – шляхом внесення змін в навколишнє середовище, а саме, відкладенням феромонів на маршрутах, причому вищий рівень феромону відкладається на кращих маршрутах. Прокладання маршрутів польоту буде здійснюватись з урахуванням наявності на маршруті перешкод "зон небезпеки". Досліджена робота макс-мінного мурашиного алгоритму при наявності на можливих маршрутах польоту таких перешкод. Результати досліджень в цілому позитивні і вказують на можливість вирішення поставленого завдання з використанням мурашиного алгоритму.
DeePay: Deep Learning Decodes EEG to Predict Consumer’s Willingness to Pay for Neuromarketing
Authors: Hakim Adam , Golan Itamar , Yefet Sharon , Levy Dino J.
Published: April 2021

There is an increasing
demand within consumer-neuroscience (or neuromarketing) for objective neural
measures to quantify consumers’ preferences and predict responses to marketing
campaigns. However, the properties of EEG datasets raise various difficulties
when performing predictions on them, such as the small size of data sets, high
dimensionality, the need for elaborate feature extraction, intrinsic noise, and
unpredictable between-subject variations. We aimed to overcome these
limitations by combining unique techniques within a Deep Learning (DL) framework,
while providing interpretable results for neuroscientific and decision-making
insight. In this study, we developed a DL model to predict subject-specific
preferences based on their EEG data. In each trial, 213 subjects observed a
product’s image, out of 72 possible products, and then reported how much they
were willing to pay (WTP) for the product. The DL employed EEG recordings from
product observation to predict the corresponding reported WTP values. Our
results showed 75.09% accuracy in
predicting high vs. low WTP, surpassing other models and a manual feature
extraction approach. Meanwhile, network visualizations provided the predictive
frequencies of neural activity and their scalp distributions, shedding light on
the neural mechanism involved with evaluation. In conclusion, we show that DLNs
may be the superior method to perform EEG-based predictions, to the benefit of
decision-making researchers and marketing practitioners alike.
Constructing a Large-scale Landslide Database Across Heterogeneous Environments Using Task-Specific Model Updates
Authors: nagendra savinay , banagere manjunatha srikanth , kifer daniel , pei te , li weixin , lawson kathryn , nguyen hien , qiu tong , tran sarah , shen chaopeng
Published: April 2021

We use the landslide inventory database provided by the United States Geological Survey. USGS maintains a database of landslide reports with approximate locations and times, but no images. This is the most extensive data of its kind. We extract satellite images from Google Earth by using this inventory.
Event-triggered control for a linear continuous-time system under resource constraint environment
Authors: sahu poonam , Fulwani Deepak
Published: April 2021

A network-based event-triggered control is proposed for the continuous linear system. The primary feature of the proposed event-triggered control is to broadcast the current measurements when a pre-defined condition on input error is satisfied, which can avoid the redundant control updates from the controller to the actuator. Secondly, it provides an augmented system performance by appropriate selection of design parameters. Moreover, a dynamic threshold is introduced in the triggered condition to further improve the trade-off between resource utilization and system performance.