bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Photonic transistor based on a coupled-cavity system with polaritons
Authors: Yu Zi-Fa , Xue Ju-Kui
Published: July 2023

We investigate the transmission of probe fields in a coupled-cavity system with polaritons and propose a theoretical schema for realizing a polariton-based photonic transistor. When probe light passes through such a hybrid optomechanical device, its resonant point with Stokes or anti-Stokes scattered effects, intensity with amplification or attenuation effects, as well as group velocity with slow or fast light effects can be effectively controlled by another pump light. This controlling depends on the exciton-photon coupling and single-photon coupling. We also discover an asymmetric Fano resonance in transparency windows under the strong exciton-photon coupling, which is different from general symmetric optomechanically induced transparency. Our results open up exciting possibilities for designing photonic transistors, which may be useful for implementing polariton integrated circuits.
Simultaneous enhancement of the bandwidth and responsivity in high-speed avalanche photodiodes with an optimized flip-chip bonding package
Authors: Naseem  , Chen Nan-Wei , Parvez Syed Hasan , Ahmad Zohauddin , Yang Sean , Chen H-S , Chang Hsiang-Szu , Huang Jack Jia-Sheng , Shi Jin-Wei
Published: July 2023

The enhancement in responsivity of photodiodes (PDs) or avalanche photodiodes (APDs) with the traditional flip-chip bonding package usually comes at the expense of degradation in the optical-to-electrical (O-E) bandwidth due to the increase of parasitic capacitance. In this work, we demonstrate backside-illuminated In0.52Al0.48As based APDs with novel flip-chip bonding packaging designed to relax this fundamental trade-off. The inductance induced peak in the measured O-E frequency response of these well-designed and well-packaged APDs, which can be observed around its 3-dB bandwidth (∼30 GHz), effectively widens the bandwidth and becomes more pronounced when the active diameter of the APD is aggressively downscaled to as small as 3 µm. With a typical active window diameter of 14 µm, large enough for alignment tolerance and low optical coupling loss, the packaged APD exhibits a moderate damping O-E frequency response with a bandwidth (36 vs. 31 GHz) and responsivity (3.4 vs. 2.3 A/W) superior to those of top-illuminated reference sample under 0.9 Vbr operation, to attain a high millimeter wave output power (0 dBm at 40 GHz) and output current (12.5 mA at +8.8 dBm optical power). The excellent static and dynamic performance of this design open up new possibilities to further improve the sensitivity at the receiver-end of the next-generation of passive optical network (PON) and coherent communication systems.
Rapidly tunable femtosecond near-UV pulses from a non-collinear optical parametric oscillator
Authors: Geesmann Fridolin Jakob , Mevert Robin , Zuber David , Morgner Uwe
Published: July 2023

Broadband tunable femtosecond laser pulses are of great interest in numerous fields, such as spectroscopy or imaging. Here, we report on the generation of rapidly tunable radiation in the near UV by using intracavity non-collinear sum-frequency mixing between the visible pulses of a non-collinear optical parametric oscillator (NOPO) and a near-infrared beam. The NOPO is pumped by the third harmonic of an Yb-based master oscillator fiber amplifier (MOFA). For sum-frequency mixing, remaining fundamental pulses at 1030 nm are used. With this approach, near-UV pulses in a range of 333-413 nm with average output powers up to 90 mW and pulse durations from 158-240 fs are achieved. Fast tunability is demonstrated over the whole tuning range by varying just the cavity length. The system also allows for the generation of two simultaneous synchronized output pulse trains in the visible and the near-UV spectral range.
Dielectrophoretic liquid lens driven by interdigitated sidewall electrodes
Authors: Chen Tao , Shang Xiuting , Sun Jingyi , Zheng Peitao , Xu Rongqing
Published: July 2023

This paper proposes a dielectrophoretic (DEP) liquid lens that is
driven by interdigitated electrodes distributed on the sidewalls and
has a structure similar to that of the electrowetting one produced by
the company Corning. The interdigital electrodes are formed by winding
double flexible wire electrodes wrapped in dielectric layers on the
sidewall. Compared with the traditional planar electrode DEP lens, the
proposed model ensures the stability of the optical axis of the liquid
lens, simplifies the construction process of the interdigital
electrode, realizes a continuous change in the focus from negative to
positive, and reduces the response time. A truncated conical cavity
dielectrophoretic liquid lens with an aperture of 5 mm is fabricated.
When the voltage is 0–260 Vrms, it can reach shortest
negative and positive focal lengths of −100 mm and 100 mm with a
driving time of 190 ms and a relaxation time of 133 ms.
Applying community health systems lenses to identify determinants of access to surgery among mobile & migrant populations with hydrocele in Zambia: A mixed methods assessment
Authors: Maritim Patricia , Chewe Mwimba , Munakaampe Margarate Nzala , Silumbwe Adam , Sichone George , Zulu Joseph Mumba
Published: July 2023

Hydrocele which is caused by long term lymphatic filariasis infection can be treated through the provision of surgery. Access to surgeries remains low particularly for hard to reach populations. This study applied community health system lenses to identify determinants to the adoption, implementation and integration of hydrocele surgeries among migrants &mobile populations in Luangwa District, Zambia. A concurrent mixed methods design consisting of cross-sectional survey with hydrocele patients (n = 438) and in-depth interviews with different community actors (n = 38) was conducted in October 2021. Data analysis was based on the relational and programmatic lenses of Community Health Systems. Under theProgrammatic lens, insufficient resources resulted in most health facilities being incapable of providing the minimum package of care for lymphatic filariasis. The absence of cross border collaborative structures limits the continuity of care for patients moving across the three countries. Other programmatic barriers include language barriers, inappropriate appointment systems, direct and indirect costs. In therelational lens, despite the key role that community leaders play their engagement in service delivery was low. Community actors including patients were rarely included in planning, implementation or evaluation of hydrocele services. Some patients utilized theirpower within toact as champions for the surgery but local groups such as fishing associations remained underutilized. Community health systems provide a potential avenue through which access amongst mobile and migrant populations can be enhanced through strategies such engagement of patient groups, knowledge sharing across borders and use of community monitoring initiatives.
Peritoneal dialysis after failed kidney allograft: Comparing patients with and without pd before transplant
Authors: Tian Na , Meng Han , Fung Winston W. S. , Ng Jack K. C. , Chan Gordon C. K. , Kwong Vickie W. K. , Pang Wing-Fai , Chow Kai-Ming , Li Philip K. T. , Szeto Cheuk Chun
Published: July 2023

Background

The result of published studies on the clinical outcome of peritoneal dialysis (PD) after kidney allograft failure is conflicting. There are also few published data on the outcome of patients who had PD before kidney transplant and then return to PD after allograft failure.

Methods

We reviewed 100 patients who were started on PD after kidney allograft failure between 2001 and 2020 (failed transplant group); 50 of them received PD before transplant. We compared the clinical outcome to 200 new PD patients matched for age, sex, and diabetic status (control group).

Results

The patients were followed for 45.8 ± 40.5 months. the 2-year patient survival rate was 83.3% and 87.8% for the failed transplant and control groups, respectively (log rank test, p = 0.2). The corresponding 2-year technique survival rate 66.5% and 71.7% (p = 0.5). The failed transplant and control groups also had similar hospitalization rate and peritonitis rate. In the failed transplant group, there was also no difference in patient survival, technique survival, hospitalization, or peritonitis rate between those with and without PD before transplant. In the failed transplant group, patients who had PD before transplant and then returned to PD after allograft failure had substantial increase in D/P4 (0.585 ± 0.130 to 0.659 ± 0.111, paired t-test, p = 0.032) and MTAC creatinine (7.74 ± 3.68 to 9.73 ± 3.00 ml/min/1.73m2, p = 0.047) from the time before the transplant to the time after PD was resumed after failed allograft.

Conclusions

The clinical outcome of PD patients with a failed kidney allograft is similar to other PD patients. However, patients who have a history of PD before kidney transplant and then return to PD after allograft failure have increased peritoneal transport parameters.
Biochar-biofertilizer combinations enhance growth and nutrient uptake in silver maple grown in an urban soil
Authors: Sifton Melanie A. , Smith Sandy M. , Thomas Sean C.
Published: July 2023

Declining tree health status due to pollutant impacts and nutrient imbalance is widespread in urban forests; however, chemical fertilizer use is increasingly avoided to reduce eutrophication impacts. Biochar (pyrolyzed organic waste) has been advocated as an alternative soil amendment, but biochar alone generally reduces plant N availability. The combination of biochar and either organic forms of N or Plant Growth Promoting Microbes (PGPMs) as biofertilizers may address these challenges. We examined the effects of two wood biochar types with Bacillus velezensis and an inactivated yeast (IY) biofertilizer in a three-month factorial greenhouse experiment with Acer saccharinum L. (silver maple) saplings grown in a representative urban soil. All treatments combining biochars with biofertilizers significantly increased sapling growth, with up to a 91% increase in biomass relative to controls. Growth and physiological responses were closely related to nutrient uptake patterns, with nutrient vector analyses indicating that combined biochar and biofertilizer treatments effectively addressed nutrient limitations of both macronutrients (N, P, K, Mg, Ca), and micronutrients (B, Fe, Mn, Mo, Na, S, and Zn). Biochar-biofertilizer treatments also reduced foliar concentrations of Cu, suggesting potential to mitigate toxic metal impacts common in urban forestry. We conclude that selected combinations of biochar and biofertilizers have substantial promise to address common soil limitations to tree performance in urban settings.
Garden-path sentences and the diversity of their (mis)representations
Authors: Ceháková Markéta , Chromý Jan
Published: July 2023

Previous studies have reliably shown that the initial misanalysis of garden-path sentences lingers even after the whole sentence is processed. However, other aspects of the resulting representation of these sentences are far from being clear. Some authors argue that comprehenders form a full analysis of the sentence which is faithful to the input and that the fact that the misanalysis lingers is due to an inhibition failure. Recently, it has been shown that comprehenders might not manage to create a coherent representation at all, at least in the case of more demanding garden-path structures. The aim of the current paper is to examine resulting representations of garden-path sentences in more detail. To do this, four self-paced reading experiments in Czech were conducted, which differed in the presentation mode (word-by-word and sentence-at-once) and comprehension question format (yes–no questions and open-ended questions). The experiments replicated effects typical for the lingering initial misanalysis, but provided mixed evidence for other aspects of resulting representations. In most cases, participants managed to build a coherent representation that was faithful to the input. However, both the quantitative and qualitative analysis of the results showed that comprehenders sometimes maintained multiple local interpretations at once or even failed to build a coherent representation of a garden-path sentence. Thus, we argue that resulting representations of garden-path sentences are in fact not uniform, but rather diverse, and they vary both in their faithfulness to the presented input and in their internal coherence.
Perspectives, Acceptance, and Hesitancy Among Male and Female Medical Students Regarding Vaccination for COVID-19 in Tishk International University
Authors:   Department of Nursing, College of Nursing, Hawler Medical University, and Tishk International University, Erbil, Iraq., Aziz Kareem
Published: July 2023

Background and objectives: Vaccines are an important tool for halting the spread of pandemics such as COVID-19, influenza, etc. A COVID‑19 immunization is an antibody expected to gain resistance against serious intense respiratory disorder Covid-19, the infection that causes COVID‑19. This study aimed to identify how the among male and female medical students deal with vaccination of COVID-19 in TIU university. Methods: A quantitative descriptive cross-sectional study design, this study was conducted in the Tishk International University from 19 September 2021 to 15 may 2022. Sample included 200 among male and female medical students in TIU University. Results: The majority of their accepted taking the vaccine and encouraged others for that, most of them preferred the Pfizer vaccine, a majority of them had a positive attitude and good perspectives against the vaccine, majority of them agreed to take a safe vaccine after clinical trial, while 9% of them had hesitancy to take vaccine for COVID-19 especially among female students because of expected complications from COVID-19. Conclusion: The majority of the male and female students agreed with taking the vaccine as primary prevention, while only 22% of them agreed that they may have problems with the vaccine. The majority of the 51% prefer the Pfizer vaccine. Only 31% of them accepted to take the vaccine at this time for themselves and their family. Most of them had a good attitude about the vaccine for prevention nearly 59% Only 9% of them had hesitancy to take the vaccine especially among female students because of complications.
AM I SELFISHLY SELFLESS? THE ROLES OF ALTRUISM AND SOCIO DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS ON VOLUNTEERING COMMITMENT AMONG PREMIER PUBLIC UNIVERSITY STUDENTS
Authors: Rabun Mohd Nazir , Noor Amira Syazwani Abd Rahman  , Mohd Rozaimy bin Ridzuan  , Mohd Hamidi Adha Mohd Amin
Published: July 2023

Volunteers are the backbone of civil society and voluntary organizations. However, there is a considerable lack of scientific studies conducted on investigating why Malaysian university students involve themselves in volunteering activities. This study aims to determine the differences in the level of students’ commitment toward volunteerism across the demographic backgrounds of respondents who participate in volunteering activities. It also tries to examine the effect of altruism on the level of students volunteering activities by using a sample taken from one of the public universities in Malaysia. A cross-sectional study among students at the University of Malaya was employed. The analysis of data based on 375 collected and usable questionnaires. The results indicated that only the gender of respondents found to be significantly different in terms of their volunteering commitment. However, it discovered that no differences in terms of ethnicity and education level of the students affect the level of dedication towards volunteerism.  Lastly, the present results also revealed that the influence of altruism found to be significant on the level of students’ volunteerism. To pave the way for a successful implementation of volunteering work, the university itself must set up efforts to integrate its students into the communities that surround them. One example is the growth in community service and service-learning programmes. It envisaged that the government must see that student volunteering is a core part of developing an engaged and civil society. Thus, it is safe to say that volunteering plays a vital role in the development and wellbeing of a community.
Impacto y límites de la inteligencia artificial en la práctica jurídica
Authors: Luna Salas Fernando , Perona Riccardo , Carrillo de la Rosa Yezid
Published: July 2023

Este artículo de carácter jurídico y de investigación, el cual se aborda desde un enfoque cualitativo con revisión bibliográfica, tiene como objetivo primordial estudiar el impacto de la inteligencia artificial en el campo del derecho, analizándolo desde dos perspectivas específicas; en primer lugar, se estudia el uso de la inteligencia artificial en la práctica jurídica, centrándose en el legal analytics y la heurística del derecho; en segundo lugar, se revisa el problema de la garantía de los derechos y principios jurídicos esenciales frente al uso de las herramientas de inteligencia artificial; todo lo anterior, con el fin de establecer su trascendencia dentro de una correcta práctica y administración de justicia.
Estudios de caso de la política exterior española hacia el Mundo Árabe y Musulmán: Países del Golfo
Authors: Saldaña Martín Marta , Montero Ramos Silvia
Published: July 2023

A diferencia de lo que ocurre con otros países árabes, como Marruecos o Argelia, con los que además de cercanía geográfica existen fuertes vínculos históricos y culturales, las relaciones entre España y los países del Golfo han girado mayoritariamente en torno a cuestiones económicas y comerciales. En este sentido, el sector de los hidrocarburos ha sido clave, dada la alta dependencia energética de nuestro país. Por ello, parece lógico pensar que la intensificación de las relaciones por parte de España haya estado motivada por su necesidad de garantizarse un suministro energético que obligatoriamente ha de importar. No obstante, en los últimos años se han identificado nuevas oportunidades de cooperación recíprocas que han permitido a España reforzar su presencia a través de la implantación de empresas españolas en la región y de la puesta en marcha de proyectos en sectores tan diversos como las infraestructuras, las energías renovables o la cooperación cultural. De hecho, el análisis de los datos recogidos en la BDPEX refleja un incremento de las relaciones y de los intercambios comerciales y, por tanto, una voluntad por parte de España de afianzar su presencia en estos países. AbstractUnlike the relations with other countries that share with Spain stronger geographical, historical and cultural ties, such as Morocco or Algeria, relations between Spain and the GCC states have mainly evolved around economic and commercial issues. In this sense, the energy sector has been key given Spain’s dependence on gas and oil imports. Therefore, we could assume that guaranteeing this supply has been a powerful reason to reinforce the relations with these countries. Nevertheless, new fields of opportunity, mainly in the sectors of infrastructures, renewable energy and culture, have been identified during the past years, thus allowing for mutual cooperation and, even more important, for the arrival of Spanish companies to the region. The analysis of the data gathered by BDPEX reflects, indeed, an increase in the flux of relations and commercial exchanges between Spain and the GCC states, which illustrates Spain’s will of consolidating its presence in the region.
Use of lignocellulosic materials for a sustainable chemical industry
Authors: Chenga Shuiming , Zhu Shengdong
Published: July 2023

Traditional chemical industry depends on non-renewable fossil resources and is now facing great challenges. Lignocellulosic materials are the most abundant renewable resources in the world, and their efficient utilization provides a practical route to maintain sustainable development of chemical industry. Modern chemical technology as well as industrial biotechnology will play an important role in comprehensive utilization of lignocellulosic materials in an environmentally friendly way. Bio-refinery is a useful concept in use when considering lignocellulosic materials for a sustainable chemical industry.
Cutting force during the turning of wood from black locust
Authors: Porankiewicz Bolesław , Dolata Andrzej , Wieloch Grzegorz
Published: July 2023

In this paper a dependence of the main cutting force upon several machining parameters by wood of black locust (Robinia pseudoaccacia L.) during straight turning was graphically illustrated and analyzed. Evidence for several interactions was found based on multi-factor nonlinear equations evaluated from an experimental matrix.
High speed steel tool wear after wood milling in the presence of high temperature tribochemical reactions
Authors: Porankiewicz B. , Iskra P. , Jóźwiak K. , Tanaka C. , Zborowski W.
Published: July 2023

Wear patterns were analyzed for High Speed Steel (HSS) SKH51 cutting tools after milling wood of four wood species having very different High Temperature Tribochemical Reactions (HTTR), wood density and very low hard mineral contamination (HMC). The experimental results showed that the HTTR can be an important factor influencing acceleration of cutting tool wear.
Carbonized starch microcellular foam-cellulose fiber composite structures
Authors: Rutledge Andrew R. , Venditti Richard A. , Pawlak Joel J. , Patel Sameer , Cibils Janderson L.
Published: July 2023

The production of microporous carbon foams from renewable starch microcellular foam-fiber (SMCF-Fiber) composites is described. Carbon foams are used in applications such as thermal insulation, battery electrodes, filters, fuel cells, and medical devices. SMCF-Fiber composites were created from an aquagel. The water in the aquagel was exchanged with ethanol and then dried and carbonized. Higher amylose content starches and fiber contents of up to 4% improved the processability of the foam. The SMCF structure revealed agglomerates of swollen starch granules connected by a web of starch with pores in the 50-200 nanometer range. Heating the SMCF-fiber in a nitrogen atmosphere to temperatures between 350-700˚C produced carbon foams with a three-dimensional closed cell foam structure with cell diameters around 50 microns and pore walls around 1-3 microns. The stress versus strain compression data for carbonized samples displayed a linear elastic region and a plateau indicative of brittle crushing, typical of an elastic-brittle foam. The carbon foam products from these renewable precursors are promising carbon structures with moderate strength and low density.
Total valorisation of red cedar (Thuja Plicata) sawmills wastes. Isolation of extractives and production of activated carbon from the solid residue
Authors: Mellouk Hamid , Khezami Lotfi , Rezzoug Sid-Ahmed , Capart Richard
Published: July 2023

Experiments were performed to evaluate a recent extraction process called the instantaneous controlled pressure drop process (briefly: DIC process: “Détente Instantanée Contrôlée”) for extracting some volatile compounds from red cedar wood. This process involves subjecting red cedar chips for a short time (30 s to 5 min) under a steam pressure (1 to 6 bars or from 100 to 165 °C). This first step is followed by a flash decompression toward vacuum (up to 50 mbar). This transition induces a fast evaporation of water and volatile compounds and a cooling effect. The effects of two processing parameters (steam pressure and heating time) on the total extraction yield and on yield of four volatile compounds were evaluated by response surface methodology. The results indicated that the processing pressure is the predominant parameter for global extraction yield of oil (E.O= Extracted Oil) and for yield of the four compounds investigated in this study. The processing time is also a significant parameter but less than processing pressure. Moreover, activated carbon produced from DIC-treated residue revealed larger pore sizes compared to untreated samples.
Production and characterization of economical bacterial cellulose
Authors: El-Saied Houssni , El-Diwany Ahmed I. , Basta Altaf H. , Atwa Nagwa A. , El-Ghwas Dina E.
Published: July 2023

The present study investigates the economical production of bacterial cellulose (BC) byGluconacetobacter subsp. Xylinus (ATCC 10245) in 250 ml Erlenmeyer flasks cultivated under static conditions. The fermentation media used contained food industrial by-product liquors, such as black strap molasses solution and corn steep liquor (CSL), which represents some of the most economical carbon and nitrogen sources. However, because of the presence of undesirable components in molasses (such as coloring substances, heavy metals, and other compounds) that may act as inhibitors, and in order to eliminate them, crude molasses has been treated with an acid, as an attempt to increase BC productivity. The amount of BC produced using these carbon and nitrogen sources was determined and compared to that produced using previously reported fermentation media. The characterizations of the bacterial cellulose (BC) pellicles obtained using either conventional or by-product media were studied by thermal and spectral techniques and compared to those of plant-derived cellulose such as cotton linter, viscose pulp, and microcrystalline cellulose.
Cellulose as a nanostructured polymer: A short review
Authors: Ioelovich Michael
Published: July 2023

Cellulose has a complex, multi-level supermolecular architecture. This natural polymer is built from superfine fibrils having diameters in the nano scale, and each such nanofibril contains ordered nanocrystallites and low-ordered nano-domains. In this review, the nano-structure of cellulose and its influence on various properties of the polymer is discussed. In particular, the ability of nano-scale crystallites to undergo lateral co-crystallization and aggregation, as well as to undergo phase transformation through dissolution, alkalization, and chemical modification of cellulose has been the subject of investigation. The recent investigations pave the way for development of highly reactive cellulosic materials. Methods for preparation nanofibrillated cellulose and free nano-particles are described. Some application areas of the nanostruc-tured and nano-cellulose are discussed.
Radical formation on CTMP fibers by argon plasma treatments and related lignin chemical changes
Authors: Zaninia Stefano , Canevalib Carmen , Orlandic Marco , Tolppac Eeva-Liisa , Zoiac Luca , Riccardia Claudia , Morazzoni Franca
Published: July 2023

The changes at molecular level induced by cold argon plasma treat-ments on fibers obtained from chemi-thermo-mechanical pulp (CTMP) fibers were investigated. The radicals formed on CTMP fibers after treatments were identified and quantified by Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. The plasma conditions which maximize the formation of radicals on fibers were assessed: after treatment with 0.4 mbar Ar pressure and 75 W radiofrequency power, phenoxy radicals triple their concentration in only 60 s and reach a value 4 times higher than that reported for laccase-catalyzed lignin oxidation. It was found that in plasma-treated fibers, the formation of radicals competes with their coupling. This latter result leads to cross-linkages of the lignin mono-meric units and formation of new intermonomeric C-C and C-O bonds, for the first time assigned to specific molecular interactions through Heteronuclear Single Quantum Coherence (2D-HSQC) spectroscopy and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy of carbon (13C-NMR). These results were confirmed by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectros-copy of phosphorous (31P-NMR). The lack of evidences of inter-fiber bond interactions, deduced from Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC) data, suggests the possible application of plasma treatments for the production of wood fiber-based composites.
Moorva – a Drug of Controversial Identity: Review
Authors:   Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab-140401, India, Panesar Gulsheen , Sharma Anupam ,   University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University,Chandigarh-160014, India
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Over the past few years, there has been a huge surge of interest towards Ayurvedic system of medicine, and it has become a subject of intensive research for various aspects. However, variation in the languages and prevalence of folklore medicines has led to confusion in the true identity of different plants having similar name. Moreover, the description of a plant in the ancient literature is found in verses, having ample use of synonyms. These synonyms have caused controversy in the identification of plants and, hence, the correct source of the plant could be misleading. Background: Since herbal products are generally prepared using extracts of plants known for particular activity, the controversial source sometimes may lead to preparation of inefficacious medicines. Review Results: Substantial efforts are being made to standardize the Ayurvedic crude drugs as well as finished Ayurvedic medicines. However, these initiatives imperatively need establishing correct identity of the plant drug. Moorva is an important controversial drug in Ayurveda. Its roots are used for thetreatment of various disorders. Five different plants are considered as Moorva throughout India. Only preliminary pharmacognostic reports are available on these five species. Conclusion: The present review aims at differentiating these five sources of Moorva roots, i.e., C. fragrans, H. isora, M. arenaria, S. roxburghiana and Marsdeniatenacissima
Findbuch des Bestandes Abt. 22
Authors: Rathjen Jörg
Published: July 2023

Das Augustenburger Herzoghaus entstand im 17. Jahrhundert als Nebenlinie des Fürstenhauses Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg. Es erlosch 1931 in männlicher Linie.

Der Bestand Abt. 22 umfasst das herzoglich-augustenburgische Hausarchiv (Primkenauer Archiv) sowie das Archiv des auf Gut Noer wohnenden Familienzweiges des Herzoghauses. Die Laufzeit des Bestandes erstreckt sich vom 17. bis zum 20. Jahrhundert, wobei der Schwerpunkt jedoch auf dem 19. Jahrhundert liegt.

Besonders hinzuweisen ist auf den für die politische Geschichte Schleswig-Holsteins außerordentlich bedeutsamen Bestand an Archivalien aus der Zeit der schleswig-holsteinischen Erhebung, insbesondere zu auswärtigen und militärischen Angelegenheiten. Außerdem befindet sich in Abt. 22 auch das Archiv der Herzoglich Schleswig-Holsteinischen Landesregierung (1863-1866).

Ein gemeinsames Orts-, Sach- und Personenregister bildet den Abschluss dieses Findbuchs.
Majocchi’s granuloma: clinical case
Authors: Ambarchian Eduard T. , Ivanchikov Vladislav V. , Kuzminova Anastasia D. , Sorokin Egor V. , Malakhova Tatiana I.
Published: July 2023

Majocchi’s granuloma is an invasive dermatophytosis that is rare in pediatric patients. The composite authors  present a clinical case of Majocchi’s granuloma, which progressed under pressure of irrational external therapy of atopic dermatitis, which recovered under pressure of systemic therapy  with fluconazole.
Causes and consequences of pair-bond disruption in socially monogamous species
Authors:   , Sun Ruijiao
Published: July 2023

Many animals, from crustaceans to humans, form socially monogamous pair-bonds which are maintained during one or more consecutive breeding seasons. However, the ecological consequences of the disruption of monogamous pair-bond have rarely been addressed because it is difficult to estimate the rates and demographic impacts of pairbond disruption (divorce or widowhood). This dissertation investigates the effect of global changes and individual heterogeneity on pair-bond disruption (divorce or widowhood) and their consequences for vital rates and life-history outcomes for socially monogamous species. In Chapter 2 and Chapter 4, analyses of long-term demographicdatasets reveal different patterns of pair-bond dynamics between the population of wandering albatross (Diomedea exulans) breeding in sub-Antarctica and the snow petrel (Pagodroma nivea) breeding in Antarctica. In wandering albatross, divorceis nonadaptive with no improvement in breeding success, while divorce triggered by breeding failure is adaptive in Snow Petrels, resulting in a higher subsequent breeding success. Widowhood rates are male-biased due to lower survival rates of females in wandering albatrosses. In both wandering albatross and snow petrel, remaining single after a pair-bond disruption results in a reduction in individual lifetime reproductive success due to missed breeding seasons. Chapter 3 presents a link between individual personality and divorce in wandering albatrosses demonstrating the important implications of behavior types for the dynamics of social relationships. Personality was measured on a shy-bold continuum, linked to individual risk-taking tendencies, with bolder individuals more likely to take risks and shyer individuals. In wandering albatrosses, shyer males exhibit higher divorce rates than bolder males but no such relationship was found in females. Chapter 4 shows that environmental fluctuations can affect the prevalence of pair-bond disruption in snow petrels, with higher rates of pair-bond disruption under unfavorable environmental conditions. Moreover, the findings suggest a potential increase in the prevalence of pair-bond disruption towards the end of the current century. As a whole, this thesis advances our understanding of the effects of pair-bond disruption on demography which should not be ignored when providing guidelines for the conservation and management of endangered species.
BRAZILIAN MULTI-SOCIETY POSITION STATEMENT ON EMERGING BARIATRIC AND METABOLIC SURGICAL PROCEDURES
Authors: Valezi Antonio Carlos , Campos Antonio Carlos Ligocki , Bahten Luiz Carlos Von
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT This Brazilian multi-society position statement on emerging bariatric and metabolic surgical procedures was issued by the Brazilian Society of Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery (SBCBM), the Brazilian College of Digestive Surgery (CBCD), and the Brazilian College of Surgeons (CBC). This document is the result of a Brazilian Emerging Surgeries Forum aimed at evaluating the results of surgeries that are not yet listed in the Federal Council of Medicine (CFM), the regulatory agency that oversees and regulates medical practice in Brazil. The Forum integrated more than 400 specialists and academics with extensive knowledge about bariatric and metabolic surgery, representing the three surgical societies: SBCBM, CBC, and CBCD. International speakers participated online and presented their experiences with the techniques under discussion, emphasizing the regulatory policies in their countries. The indications for surgery and the subsequent procedures were carefully reviewed, including one anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB), single anastomosis duodeno-ileal with sleeve gastrectomy (SADI-S or OADS), sleeve gastrectomy with transit bipartition (SGTB), and sleeve gastrectomy with ileal interposition (SGII). The recommendations of this document are based on an extensive literature review and discussions among bariatric surgery specialists from the three surgical societies. We concluded that patients with a body mass index over 30 kg/m2 may be candidates for metabolic surgery in the presence of comorbidities (arterial hypertension and type 2 diabetes) with no response to clinical treatment of obesity or in the control of other associated diseases. Regarding the surgical procedures, we concluded that OAGB, OADS, and SGTB are associated with low morbidity rates, satisfactory weight loss, and resolution of obesity-related comorbidities such as diabetes and arterial hypertension. SGII was considered a good and viable promising surgical alternative technique. The recommendations of this statement aim to synchronize our societies with the sentiments and understandings of most of our members and also serve as a guide for future decisions regarding bariatric surgical procedures in our country and worldwide.
Misioneras de Nuestra Señora de África ‎ y la recogida de literatura oral en el Sáhara argelino: ‎
Authors: Moscoso García Francisco
Published: July 2023

Presentamos textos de la literatura oral de Laghouat (Argelia) recogidos por una hermana blanca en torno a 1970 en un cuadernillo hallado en el Archivo General de las Hermanas Blancas en Roma. Se trata de frases, cuentos, nanas, coplas para el mal de ojo, oraciones, textos etnográficos, léxico infantil y léxico relacionado con el trabajo de la lana. Todo este material pertenece tanto al género poético como narrativo y va acompañado de un estudio. Concluimos además con una presentación de los rasgos lingüísticos más relevantes.
Immunological aspects of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for hematologic malignancies and some immunological peculiarities of cancer radioimmunotherapy
Authors: Shirin A. D. , Baranova O. Yu. , Reshetnikova V. V.
Published: July 2023

This literature review provides basic information about the role of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in the treatment of myelodysplastic syndromes, acute myeloid leukemia, acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The recommendations for the use of stem cell transplantation are indicated. Conditioning regimens (myeloablative, non-myeloablative, reduced intensity), their advantages and disadvantages are considered. The issues of prevention and treatment of graft-versus-host disease, including graft preparation (T-cell depletion), extracorporeal photopheresis and mechanisms of graft-versus-tumor (-leukemia) reaction are highlighted. The historical milestones of theimmunotherapy development, the creation of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies, the development of targeted therapy, for example, conjugates of monoclonal antibodies with cytostatic drugs and radionuclides (targeted radionuclide therapy) are reported. Information about radioimmunotherapy as a method used for treatment of solid tumors and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, and information on the use of mesenchymal stem cells for the treatment and prevention of the graft-versus-host reaction are presented.
The Experience of Immersive Virtual Reality: A Phenomenology Inspired Inquiry
Authors:   School of Business, Economics, and IT Department of Informatics University West, Haj-Bolouri Amir
Published: July 2023

Immersive Virtual Reality (IVR) technology is becoming central for Information Systems (IS) research. However, existing studies in IS fall short of providing insights into how the IVR experience becomes meaningful for end-users. To increase granularity and specificity in this regard, researchers have suggested that the IVR experience can become meaningful due to its fleeting feeling of escapism. In this paper, I explore and characterize how individuals use the IVR experience to create meaning in the context of meaningful escapism, by undertaking a phenomenology inspired inquiry, based on Heideggerian views on meaning, meaningfulness, and world. Interviews and analysis were conducted within an empirical case of IVR fire safety training. As a result, four characteristics of the IVR experience as a meaningful form of escapism were unveiled: a sense of content, a sense of familiarity, a sense of mood, and a sense of care. Throughout this study, I offer a nuanced perspective on how the characteristics contribute to clarifying the distinctions and relationship between meaning and meaningfulness, as well as how the IVR experience becomes a meaningful escapism that provides an alternative of individual’s being-in-the-world, into a being-in-the-virtual-world, also known as Virtual Dasein. Further, this study contributes to the IS field by advancing the current discourse on IVR research and escapism, from a phenomenological perspective.
Prof. Rudolf Dutter (1946-2023): Ein Nachruf
Authors: Filzmoser Peter , Templ Matthias
Published: July 2023

Der ehemalige TU Wien Professor Rudolf Dutter verstarb am 5. Mai 2023 an den Folgen seiner langjährigen Diabetes-Erkrankung. Prof.~Dutter war von 1997 bis 2003 Redakteur der Österreichischen Zeitschrift für Statistik (Austrian Journal of Statistics), und diese Tätigkeit hat er mit viel Engagement im Sinne der Österreichischen Statistischen Gesellschaft geleistet. Eine seiner Aktivitäten war die Einrichtung und der Betrieb einer Website für die Zeitschrift, die einen "Open Access" Zugriff auf die Artikel ermöglichte. Ein kurzer Nachruf in dieser Zeitschrift, auch als Information für die Mitglieder der Gesellschaft, scheint daher mehr als passend zu sein.
Histoarchitectonics of paraurethral tissue in women with stress urinary incontinence
Authors: Mikhelson A. A. , Lugovykh E. V. , Lazukina M. V. , Chistyakova G. N. , Grishkina A. A. , Lukach M. A.
Published: July 2023

Aim: to reveal morphological features of paraurethral tissue in postmenopausal women with stress urinary incontinence (SUI).

Materials and Methods. A prospective cross-sectional trial was conducted, which included 30 women with SUI combined with POP-Q (Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification) stage I–II cystocele, aged 55 to 75 years. All patients underwent surgical treatment such as anterior colporrhaphy, cystocele plasty with own tissues, urethropexy with synthetic loop followed by morphological study of histological samples.

Results. Profound alterations in architectonics of the connective tissue were revealed. Structural changes occurring in the paraurethral tissue are characterized by fragmentation of collagen and elastin fibers as well as their critically lowered thickness and volume, and destruction of strong inter-fiber bonds. This indicates about disintegration of the collagen-elastin skeleton being a part of the ligamentous apparatus involved in urinary retention.

Conclusion. The study of the morphological aspects related to stress incontinence including use of immunohistochemical research methods will provide deeper insights into pathogenetic mechanisms behind such pathological condition. Thus, it will be possible to implement a personalized approach to the tactics of management and the choice of therapeutic method for patients with SUI aimed to increase in its effectiveness.
Early neonatal sepsis caused by Haemophilus influenzae
Authors: Karpova A. L. , Mostovoi A. V. , Martirosyan S. V. , Orlova O. E. , Karpov L. N. , Zaplatnikov A. L.
Published: July 2023

Neonatal sepsis still remains a serious problem of modern health care, being one of the main causes of neonatal and infant mortality, as well as disability in surviving children. Due to the high risk of adverse outcomes, the problem of early neonatal sepsis (ENS), especially in preterm infants, attracts special attention. At the same time, if in the previous decades the main causative agents of ENS were Escherichia coli and Streptococcus group B, then in recent years it has been noted that while maintaining the leading value in the etiological structure of Escherichia coli, the frequency of detection of Haemophilus influenzae began to increase. The article contains a review of modern publications on the role of Haemophilus influenzae in the formation of perinatal losses, as well as the significance of this pathogen in the development of neonatal sepsis. The article also presents a clinical case report of ENS caused by Haemophilus influenzae. Particular attention is paid to the issues of timely diagnosis of ENS, which is possible only with a comprehensive analysis of the results of clinical and laboratory-instrumental examination.
Maternal death in the visual arts: immersion into emotional world through the great artists' paintings
Authors: Makatsariya N. A. , Bitsadze V. O. , Khizroeva J. Kh. , Chervenak F. A. , Makatsariya A. D.
Published: July 2023

The article presents paintings by famous artists on "maternal death": Edvard Munch "The Dead Mother and Child", Pablo Picasso "Motherhood", Egon Schiele "Pregnant Woman and Death" and "The Dying Mother", Frida Kahlo "My Birth", Gustav Klimt "Death and Life" as well as their description.
Issuing normative and individual acts by professional associations as an indication of performing functions of a public administration by them (remarks made at the background of the legal adviser’s association)
Authors: Gut Dagmara Elżbieta
Published: July 2023

One of the basic assumptions of democratic state based on the rule of law is the principle of decentralisation of public administration, stated in the article 15(1) of the Constitution of Republic of Poland. Apart from the elemental form of territorial decentralisation (local associations) Polish Constitution provides for so-called material decentralisation. Its reflection can be seen in legislation powers to appoint occupational associations and make them responsible for providing the proper performance of the profession of public trust. This article aims at discussing professional associations power of lawmaking i.e. issuing normative and individual acts. Aforementioned issue will be examined on the background of legal adviser’s association (the largest legal professional association in Poland). The power in question is the essential tool to supervise the proper performance of the profession. It is also important that it is a way of performing public administration functions.
Isolation, identification and frequency of isolated uropathogens with their antibiotic susceptibility pattern causing urinary tract infections in patients of Ujjain M.P. (India)
Authors: Bhonsle Kaina , Vyas Alka , Vyas Harish
Published: July 2023

At present, resistance of uropathogenic bacteria towards different antibiotics is increasing worldwide due to improper, nonspecific and uncontrolled use of antibiotics; hence the treatment of UTI becomes difficult. These resistant uropathogens are major cause of increased rate of morbidity and mortality. This study was conducted to investigate frequency of causal bacterial agents of UTI and their antibiotics susceptibility pattern.

The present study was conducted on total 770 urine samples from suspected patients of urinary tract infections, these samples were collected over the period of one year November 2018- October 2019 from different hospitals of Ujjain. Uropathogens were isolated and identified from collected urine sample by biochemical tests and their susceptibility pattern was studied against different antibiotics by Kirby Bauer Disc Diffusion method.

A total of 770 urine samples were collected among which 486 (63.1%) samples were tested positive for urinary tract infection in their analysis and prevalence was found higher in female patients (71.6%) as compare to male patients (28.4%). The most common isolated uropathogens were (45.6%), (27.1%), (15.6%), (7.4%) and (4.1%).These isolated uropathogens were highly susceptible to Doripenem, Meropenem, Imepenem, Gentamicin, Piperacillin/Tazobactam, Vancomycin, Linezolid and Rifampin.

Due to high prevalence of uropathogens and increased rate of resistance among uropathogens, continued surveillance on uropathogens and their resistance is needed for its proper treatment. So the choice of drug for the treatment of urinary tract infections becomes narrow and its treatment is based on local antimicrobial sensitivity of uropathogens to prevent treatment failure and misuse of antibiotics.