bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Naturalisme et nature humaine : la théorie pragmatiste des instincts
Authors: Madelrieux Stéphane
Published: April 2024

La question des instincts est une voie d’entrée privilégiée pour le rapport du pragmatisme au naturalisme. Le problème que soulève la théorie des instincts de William James et John Dewey vient du maintien, à première vue surprenant, de l’idée d’une « nature humaine ». Je soutiens que c’est au sein même de la théorie pragmatiste des instincts que l’on trouve des arguments pour montrer que la nature humaine ne détermine pas univoquement la conduite. Bien comprendre la naturalité de l’être humain suffit à défaire toute tentative pour l’ériger en source d’autorité des principes de la conduite.
Dewey et la reconstruction du concept de nature humaine
Authors: Renault Emmanuel
Published: April 2024

La théorie deweyenne de la nature humaine permet de clarifier le sens du naturalisme deweyen ainsi que ses implications politiques. La première partie de l’article analyse la manière dont Dewey défend une conception processuelle, interactionnelle et intégrative de la nature humaine. La deuxième partie analyse la fonction classificatoire du concept de nature humaine et la troisième la manière dont Dewey attribue une fonction explicative à ce concept en discutant les références politiques conservatrices ou progressistes, voire révolutionnaires, à la nature humaine.
Les nuances de l’excellence
Authors: Dakowska Dorota
Published: April 2024

Cet article analyse les transformations de l’enseignement supérieur et de la recherche en Pologne, en se focalisant sur les réformes consécutives au changement de régime en 1989, celles mises en place par les majorités libérales puis par le parti conservateur Droit et Justice (PiS). D’une part, il se penche sur les conditions d’avènement et de l’institutionnalisation des instruments de mise en compétition des chercheurs et des laboratoires. D’autre part, il réexamine le poids des jeux politiques dans l’orientation des politiques de l’ESR. Si le contexte des transformations systémiques et l’adhésion à l’UE renforcent l’ouverture à la comparaison internationale et à l’impératif de compétitivité, la position des gouvernements conservateurs (2015-2023) demeure ambiguë. La reconduction des instruments d’évaluation bibliométrique ne dévoile que progressivement l’entreprise idéologique réactionnaire.
La baisse de la fertilité des champs dans le bassin arachidier du Sénégal à l’aune de la cohésion sociale
Authors: Gangneron Fabrice , Pierre Caroline , Robert Élodie , Saqalli Mehdi , Codiat Juliette
Published: April 2024

La fertilité des sols dans le bassin arachidier reposait sur un système agraire complexe associant jachère, agroforesterie et apports de matière organique des animaux d’élevage. Ce système s’est délité depuis les années 1990 du fait notamment de l’affaiblissement de la « cohésion sociale » à l’échelle des familles et des villages dans un cadre de la monté de la monétarisation de l’agriculture et des aspirations des cadets sociaux à s’autonomiser. Néanmoins, on n’observe pas « d’effondrement » des solidarités : elles se recomposent, mais elles ne sont plus essentiellement orientées vers la reproduction du système agraire et donc vers l’entretien de la fertilité des sols. Classification JEL : D0, Q1, Q2
Le Kremlin et l’Occident face aux guerres de la Russie poutinienne (2000-2021)
Authors: de Tinguy Anne
Published: April 2024

Tchétchénie, Géorgie, Syrie, Ukraine, conflits sécessionnistes, antagonisme avec l’Occident : depuis l’arrivée au pouvoir de Vladimir Poutine, la guerre et la confrontation ont été continûment présentes en Russie. Pourtant l’invasion de l’Ukraine par la Russie le 24 février 2022 a surpris la plupart des observateurs. Comment l’expliquer ? Le présent article cherche à répondre à cette question et, ce faisant, à éclairer les origines de l’agression russe en s’interrogeant sur l’existence d’un lien entre la funeste décision russe du 24 février, les conflits qui se sont succédé depuis 2000, la réception de ces conflits dans les États occidentaux et celle des réactions que celle-ci suscite à Moscou.
L’évolution des relations russo-occidentales au sein de trois organisations sécuritaires : l’Organisation des Nations Unies, l’Organisation de coopération de Shanghai et l’Organisation du Traité de sécurité collective
Authors: Hamant Hélène
Published: April 2024

Cet article analyse l’évolution des relations russo-occidentales à partir de textes discutés dans trois organisations sécuritaires : l’Organisation des Nations Unies (ONU), l’Organisation de coopération de Shanghai (OCS) et l’Organisation du Traité de sécurité collective (OTSC). Il montre qu’elles se sont détériorées et que cette détérioration n’est pas intervenue au même moment, de façon identique et avec les mêmes effets dans ces différentes institutions.
Les trajectoires nucléaires ukrainienne et russe depuis la fin de la Guerre froide : essai de périodisation (1986-2023)
Authors: Gloriant Frédéric
Published: April 2024

En combinant trois niveaux d’observation – l’évolution de la stratégie nucléaire de la Russie, les négociations russo-américaines en matière de maîtrise des armements et de désarmement, la dénucléarisation de l’Ukraine – cet article propose un premier essai de périodisation historique pour les trajectoires nucléaires de l’Ukraine et de la Russie depuis la fin de la Guerre froide. L’objectif est de fournir quelques éléments d’interprétation et de mise en perspective sur le rôle du facteur nucléaire dans les guerres russo-ukrainiennes qui ont éclaté en 2014 et 2022.
Choc des Titans ou cheval de Troie dans le multilatéralisme ? Les enjeux d’un ordre multipolaire pour la Russie et la Chine
Authors: Perron Régine
Published: April 2024

Depuis l’invasion de l’Ukraine en février 2022 par la Russie, l’ordre multipolaire est davantage revendiqué, de concert, par la Chine et la Russie. L’expression « ordre multipolaire », formulée pour la première fois par Kissinger en 1969, est consacrée après la fin de la Guerre froide. Depuis 2009, après la déclaration commune présentée à l’ONU en 1997 par la Chine et la Russie, un monde multipolaire est devenu une revendication majeure du Sud face au Nord, surtout face aux États-Unis. Depuis le début des années 2000, Alexandre Douguine et Zhao Tingyang ont peaufiné le concept jusqu’à présenter une vision étrangement commune. Vladimir Poutine et Xi Jinping construisent désormais cet ordre multipolaire, étape par étape, avec leurs alliés des BRICS et de l’OCS.
« L’angoisse d’un pays devant la mort des forêts »
Authors: Lauverjat Alexandre
Published: April 2024

Cette contribution revient sur l’éclosion de la controverse politique, scientifique et environnementale du dépérissement des forêts attribué aux pluies acides à l’aube des années 1980. L’article insiste tout d’abord sur les conditions d’apparition de la polémique en remontant à sa source, avec une analyse détaillée des discours outre-Rhin concernant le Waldsterben , c’est-à-dire l’hypothèse d’une mort des forêts en lien avec la pollution transfrontalière acide. L’auteur met ensuite en parallèle les réactions engendrées par le dépérissement des forêts côté français et allemand et s’intéresse aux ramifications de cette controverse au sein de l’administration du premier septennat de François Mitterrand en se concentrant sur les divergences d’opinion sur fond de compétition institutionnelle. Ces différends à bas bruit contrastent avec le conflit ouvert entre le secrétariat d’État aux Forêts et les syndicats de l’Office national des forêts (ONF), les deux administrations ne parvenant pas à se mettre d’accord sur le diagnostic à poser ni sur les solutions à proposer. Enfin, l’article montre comment le président Mitterrand cherche à dépasser ces clivages en proposant l’organisation d’une conférence internationale dédiée à la sauvegarde et protection des forêts, dite SILVA. Cette démonstration de force diplomatique constitue le point d’orgue de la publicisation des pluies acides dans les années 1980, avant un reflux face à l’émergence d’autres menaces environnementales.
La santé des fonctionnaires sous les années Mitterrand
Authors: Bécot Renaud , Comer Clémentine , Lecomte-Ménahès Gabrielle , Marchand Anne , Rouxel Pierre
Published: April 2024

Par le croisement de différentes sources (des archives syndicales et ministérielles et des entretiens menés avec d’ancien·nes agent·es du bâtiment administratif du Tripode, à Nantes), cet article contribue à une histoire sociale des fonctionnaires, encore peu renseignée sous l’angle des atteintes à leur santé. Les enjeux relatifs à la mise en place des comités d’hygiène et de sécurité (CHS) dans la fonction publique y sont discutés dans le contexte particulier des projets de « modernisation » des administrations publiques au cours des années Mitterrand, tout en éclairant la mise à l’agenda du risque amiante auxquels sont exposé·es des fonctionnaires.
Délivrée, vérifiée, confisquée
Authors: Chesnot Yoanna
Published: April 2024

En partant d’une approche inédite de la matérialité de la carte du Komsomol, l’article s’intéresse aux multiples dimensions d’un objet politique de 1930 à 1964. Il explore tout d’abord les modalités de sa mise en circulation, de sa fabrication à sa délivrance. Il s’attache ensuite aux ressorts qui font de la carte un instrument de contrôle de la jeunesse sous Staline puis de surveillance sous Khrouchtchev. Enfin, l’article se penche sur l’évolution de la valeur symbolique de la carte d’une période à l’autre, en traversant la Seconde Guerre mondiale. Ce faisant, il permet d’observer comment la carte devient tour à tour un objet totem, fétiche, puis trivial à la faveur d’une politique de la jeunesse toujours plus inclusive. Accompagnant les mutations politiques, l’objet qui était la marque d’un communisme militant se transforme en agent de la soviétisation et du conformisme pour des générations de jeunes Soviétiques.
A review of carbon fiber-reinforced polymer composite used to solve stress shielding in total hip replacement
Authors: Ceddia Mario , Trentadue Bartolomeo
Published: April 2024

Arthroplasty is generally used to treat advanced osteoarthritis or other degenerative joint diseases. However, it can also be considered in younger patients with severe joint damage that seriously limits their function and quality of life. Young patients are at risk of aseptic mobilization and bone resorption due to the uneven distribution of stress on the contact surface between the prosthesis and the femur that generates the stress-shielding phenomenon. To overcome this occurrence, it is necessary to use biocompatible materials with a stiffness that is similar to bone. Composite hip prostheses, consisting of continuous fiber-reinforced polymers, play a progressively key role in the development of prosthetic devices. Composite materials can be designed more carefully than monolithic stems (single-phase materials such as metals), allowing for the development of more effective tissue substitutes. Our purpose of this review was to analyze the state of the art in the use of carbon femoral prostheses. In particular, the major mechanical properties of reinforcement (fiber) and matrix were outlined with their applications in the prosthetic field.
Evaluation of burnout levels among healthcare staff in anesthesiology departments in Greece - Is there a connection with anxiety and depression?
Authors: Toska Aikaterini , Ralli Sofia , Fradelos Evangelos C. , Dimitriadou Ioanna , Christakis Anastasios , Vus Viktor , Saridi Maria
Published: April 2024

Introduction

Healthcare workers in anesthesiology departments often experience burnout syndrome, which may be combined with anxiety and depression.

Aim

The study aimed to assess the levels of burnout among nurses and physicians working in anesthesiology departments in public hospitals in Attica and to investigate a possible correlation between burnout, anxiety, and depression.

Methodology

A cross-sectional study was conducted on physicians and nurses working in anesthesiology departments in public hospitals in Attica, Greece. A questionnaire was distributed electronically using the snowball sampling method, including questions about demographic characteristics, burnout, anxiety, and depression.

Results

Physicians and nurses in anesthesiology departments were found to have moderate levels of burnout, and normal/low levels of anxiety and depression. More specifically, it was found that 2% of physicians and 14.4% of nurses had extremely elevated levels of burnout. On the other hand, 6.1% of physicians and 23.7% of nurses had high anxiety, while 6.1% of physicians and 15.5% of nurses had elevated levels of depression. Females (p = 0.008), staff aged 45–55 (p = 0.021), lower educational level (p = 0.025), nurses (p = 0.001), more than 21 years of service (p = 0.001), and having children (p = 0.008) were determinants of greater levels of personal burnout. Work-related burnout correlated with having children (p = 0.017), whereas client-related burnout was significantly higher for nurses (p = 0.002). In addition, a correlation was found between anxiety, depression, and increased levels of burnout (p = 0.000).

Conclusions

As physicians and nurses working in anesthesiology departments have stressful jobs and work long hours, it is important to further study their physical, emotional, and mental exhaustion as well as psychological resilience levels.
Désobéissance radicale, désobéissance politique : la remise en cause du consensus rawlsien dans le champ philosophique étatsunien contemporain
Authors: Thomas-Hébert Charlotte
Published: April 2024

Démarré au début des années 2010 avec Occupy Wall Street, soutenu par Black Lives Matter, et galvanisé par la Resistance, le mouvement formé en opposition à l’élection de Donald Trump, l’actuel cycle de mobilisation états-unien est caractérisé par son recours à l’action directe non-violente et par la réactualisation de la désobéissance civile. Celle-ci a été formellement théorisée dans les années 1960 par divers philosophes politiques, parmi lesquels John Rawls figure au premier plan. Or de nombreux·ses théoricien·nes politiques contemporain·es critiquent l’institutionnalisation de la pratique et appellent à remettre en cause l’hégémonie de ce qui est devenu le « consensus rawlsien ». Cet article dessine une brève histoire intellectuelle du concept de désobéissance civile dans le champ universitaire étatsunien. Il montre comment le modèle rawlsien et libéral est devenu hégémonique, et pourquoi il fait l’objet de tant de contestation. En présentant ses critiques, il rappelle que la notion est façonnée par des contextes sociaux, universitaires et politiques spécifiques et que, loin d’être stabilisée et stabilisable, elle est en constante évolution, tiraillée entre débats disciplinaires et injonctions empiriques et théoriques.
Représenter la désobéissance civile par le dessin, Cuadernos del 15M de Enrique Flores
Authors: Malveille François
Published: April 2024

Le dessinateur espagnol Enrique Flores a été acteur et témoin du 15M 2011 à Madrid. Il produit et diffuse un reportage graphique qui frappe par sa qualité et sa pertinence. Cette représentation alternative d’un mouvement politique marqué par la notion de désobéissance civile interroge. Ces dessins montrent un état d’esprit, une disposition militante, une recherche qui traduisent une façon de repenser la politique au début du XXIe siècle. Enrique Flores fait de son blog un média alternatif et la liberté du dessin rejoint la liberté politique des manifestants. Cette représentation alternative témoigne d’un moment et s’associe à un mouvement. Ses dessins montrent le mouvement, les personnes, les slogans et constituent une manifestation dessinée toujours visible sur son blog 4 Ojos en 2023.
Towards Cross-lingual Representation of Prototypical Lexical Knowledge
Authors: Grasso Francesca , Di Caro Luigi
Published: April 2024

In order to be concretely effective, many Natural Language Processing (NLP) applications require the availability of lexical resources providing varied, broadly shared, and language-unbounded (i.e., not limited to any specific language or linguistic system) lexical information. However, state-of-the-art knowledge models typically focus on specific levels of semantic analysis rather than adopting such a comprehensive and cross-lingual approach to lexical knowledge. This is often due to the theoretical paradigms on which such resources are based, each addressing the semantic phenomenon from a (de)finite perspective. In this paper, we first suggest a maximalist approach to lexical semantics to pursue through the idea of semantic prototype and linguistic representativeness as easily applicable to textual corpora. Starting from this conceptual framework, we thus propose a novel corpus-based automatable methodology for knowledge modeling based on a multilingual word alignment mechanism. This model enables the retrieval and encoding of prototypical, language-unbounded, and naturally disambiguated lexical knowledge in the form of diversified conceptual links between words and their senses. Results from a simple implementation of the proposal show relevant outcomes that are not found in other resources. Finally, different application opportunities of the proposed model will be presented.
La législation italienne sur les troubles spécifiques des apprentissages (TSA) : le droit du travail au-delà du handicap
Authors: Dagnino Emanuele
Published: April 2024

Une législation spéciale visant à protéger les personnes souffrant de troubles spécifiques de l’apprentissage a été introduite en Italie entre 2021 et 2022. Cette réglementation est unique dans un contexte comparatif, où la protection de ces travailleurs est généralement assurée par l’assimilation de leur condition à un handicap. L’objectif de cet article est d’identifier la logique, les forces et les faiblesses de la technique réglementaire adoptée, ainsi que d’évaluer si l’introduction d’une législation spéciale telle que celle analysée peut être une réponse appropriée pour d ‘autres travailleurs présentant des vulnérabilités spécifiques.
Le choix des droits fondamentaux en droit algérien du travail
Authors: Koriche Mahammed Nasr-Eddine
Published: April 2024

L’étude des droits fondamentaux au travail s’oriente autour de deux questions essentielles. En premier lieu, il s’agit de déterminer quels sont les droits qui devraient être ainsi qualifiés. Cette question présente l’intérêt de révéler une diversité de sources internationales et nationales qui, dans le cas de l’Algérie, ne sont pas concordantes entre-elles dans le choix de ces droits. En second lieu, il s’agit de s’interroger sur la fonction singulière assignée aux droits fondamentaux. L’analyse doctrinale distingue une diversité de fonctions, mais il n’est pas sûr qu’elles se reflètent d’une façon remarquable dans la pratique législative et judiciaire.
Modeling of Green Hydrogen and Electricity Coproduction System for Techno-Eco-Environmental Analysis of Sustainable Microgrid
Authors: Prasad Dharmbir , Singh Rudra Pratap , Kumar Rahul , Roy Ranadip , Islam Azizul , Khan Md. Irfan
Published: April 2024

The demand for renewable energy resources has increased significantly in recent years due to environmental concerns. The hybrid energy system is proposed as a solution to meet this demand. In this work, the HOMER software is used to design and optimize a hybrid model for electricity and hydrogen coproduction. The proposed model consists of various green energy resources such as solar PV, wind for hydrogen production. The system includes a green hydrogen storage facility while excess electricity is produced from renewable sources. The cost of energy production is found to be $0.08/kWh, which is competitive with conventional fossil fuel-based energy generation. In addition, the system has a lower environmental impact, with a 72% reduction in CO2 emissions as compared to regular energy production methods.
Modelling and Resolution of a Distribution Problem Considering Environmental Criteria
Authors: Jlassi Jihen , Elleuch Mohamed Ali Daly , Rekik Ines , Mallek Marwa
Published: April 2024

The travelling salesman problem (TSP) is the challenge of finding the shortest yet most efficient route for a person to take given a list of specific destinations. It is an optimization problem in the fields of computer science and operations research. There are obviously a lot of different routes to choose from, but finding the best one the one that will require the least distance or costs, several researchers have spent decades trying to optimize the modeling and the resolution. In some real cases, the classical problem is not able to model the existing problem in a given company. In this paper, we propose models for the TSP, that can be used with linear or quadratic service time functions, and that embeds novel improved lower and upper bounds. With proposed models, the authors consider exponentially many sub-tour eliminations, capacities, and demands constraints, which are separated dynamically. The main purpose is to help the transport manager to select the optimal distribution circuit that optimizes various objectives.
Dynamics of Cruise Tourism in Asia
Authors: Satghare Harshada
Published: April 2024

Cruise tourism in Asia has experienced remarkable growth and transformation over the past few decades. This region, once relatively unexplored by the cruise industry, has become a key player in the global cruise market. To support this growth, significant investments have been made in cruise port infrastructure. Challenges facing cruise tourism in Asia include geopolitical tensions, infrastructural limitations, and the need for improved sustainability. Opportunities lie in tapping into the vast potential of the Asian cruise market and further developing itineraries. The future of cruise tourism in Asia looks promising. However, the industry will also need to address sustainability and other challenges to ensure its long-term success. This chapter proposal aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the dynamics of cruise tourism in Asia, covering current status and challenges.
An Iterative Process of Measuring Learning Outcomes and Evaluation of Academic Programs as Part of Accreditation
Authors: Begum Arshiya , Sabahath Asfia , Naim Arshi
Published: April 2024

The cycle of measuring learning outcomes and evaluation of academic programs ‎is a systematic and iterative process designed to assess the effectiveness of educational ‎programs and ensure the achievement of desired learning outcomes. It serves as an essential ‎framework for educational institutions to assess program effectiveness, make informed ‎decisions for improvement, and ultimately ensure the achievement of desired learning ‎outcomes. In this study, the authors address the various learning outcomes and the assessments ‎related to these learning outcomes, as well as how they are employed as indicators of the ‎amount to which the program's graduation qualities are attained. This chapter emphasizes the ‎significance of ongoing review and improvement in assessing learning results.‎
Assessing the Effectiveness of Learning Outcomes
Authors: Shaikh Zakir Hossen , Irfan Mohammad , Vemavarapu Koteswara Rao , Sadayan Sankara , Hawaldar Iqbal Thonse , Rehman Shafiq Ul
Published: April 2024

Enhancing education quality and quality assurance (QA) have emerged as the 21st-century higher education (HE) reform's most defining concern. Assessments and student learning outcomes (SLOs) provide the clearest indication of the quality of HE. It is a crucial component and the starting point for educational evaluation, which is essential for keeping track of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Assessment acts as a useful tool for changing and reorienting the focus of education from a teacher-centered to a learner-centered paradigm. The purpose of this chapter is to discuss the value of program learning outcomes (PLOs) and how they relate to the evaluation process in accomplishing program objectives. The Bahrain National Qualification Framework (BNQF) is managed and maintained by the Bahrain Education and Training Authority BQA. It is intended to improve opportunities for student progression across higher education and general education sectors. As a result, evaluating program learning outcomes (PLOs) has gained significance as a technique for assessing the efficacy of education.
Exploring Models and Literature to Check Student Satisfaction as a Quality Criteria for Higher Education Institution's Accreditation
Authors: Alalyani Wafa Rashid
Published: April 2024

This chapter aims to explore the use of student satisfaction as a quality criterion for higher education institution accreditation. Accreditation is a process of evaluation and recognition that determines whether an institution meets certain standards and requirements set by an accrediting agency. While there are several quality criteria used in accreditation, student satisfaction is becoming an increasingly important factor for assessing the quality of higher education institutions (HEIs). Overall, the chapter provides a comprehensive review of the literature on student satisfaction as a quality criterion for higher education accreditation. It highlights the importance of student satisfaction as an indicator of institutional quality and provides insights into the different models and methods used to measure student satisfaction. The chapter also discusses the challenges and opportunities associated with using student satisfaction data for accreditation purposes and provides recommendations for future research in this area.
Higher Education in India and the Influence of Online Certification Programs
Authors: Kiran G. Ravi , Manoharan Geetha , Durai Subhashini , Ashtikar Sunitha Purushottam , Kunchala Rajyalakshmi
Published: April 2024

Online education has grown rapidly in the 21st century. Online courses and MOOCs have advanced higher education in India. This chapter examines India's growing online learning sector, focusing on the recent decade. The writers examined the roles of private and public education enterprises. The Indian government's SWAYAM platform offers a wide choice of courses and attracts students of all ages and academic backgrounds. Over the past decade, educational start-ups have created jobs and new career paths. Increasing connections between educational start-ups and multinational universities are expanding education globally. This study compares private and public online courses to determine how online education improves employability across industries. The many distance learning challenges have been discussed.
Mechanism of Direct and Indirect Assessments for Continuous Improvement in Higher Education
Authors: Naim Arshi , Malik Praveen Kumar , Khan Shad Ahmad , Mohammed Arshiya Begum
Published: April 2024

There are direct methods and indirect methods that contribute to measuring the quality of program and track progress and improvement through continuous improvement processes. Direct methods include measurement of students' outcomes through the measurement of course learning outcomes, and indirect methods include various surveys at program and course levels. Survey is an important tool for data collection and analysis. In the process of accreditation, survey is used to assess any program for its quality and relevance in the specialized field. In this chapter, the authors have referred to the results of indirect assessment methods such as alumni surveys, external advisory board, faculty survey and employer's survey and shown the contribution of indirect assessment in continuous improvement.
Planning, Assessment, and Review of Program Educational Objectives in the Higher Education Systems
Authors: Naim Arshi , Mohammed Arshiya Begum , Khan Shad Ahmad , Malik Praveen Kumar
Published: April 2024

All programs define their program educational objectives (PEOs) that illustrate the knowledge of students for the concepts and their applications after the completion of the degree. PEOs attainment not only gives the evidence for the success of any program but also describes the student skills and knowledge for the various concepts related to the specific program. The chapter explains the planning process, assessment tools, and review panel for the program educational objectives in various educational programs in Arab universities. The same model can be applied for any program for planning, assessment, and review process because the general scenario and relevance of PEOs are the same in the higher educational systems.
Transformative Learning
Authors: Pathan Nawaj Mehtab , Kumar Chandan , Saxena Rahul
Published: April 2024

This chapter provides a framework for a book chapter that explores the pivotal role of community services in higher education, focusing on its impact on social responsibility and civic engagement. Higher education institutions play a pivotal role in shaping individuals and societies, not only by imparting knowledge and skills but also by nurturing holistic development. Community services emerge as a vital pillar within the higher education system, offering a hands-on approach to learning that complements theoretical knowledge gained in classrooms. This chapter explores the significance of community services in higher education, highlighting their role in facilitating real-world experiences for students to tackle societal challenges.
Ethnobotanical, Therapeutic, and Pharmacological Applications of Bakuchi (Psoralea corylifolia L.) Plant
Authors: Jige Sandipan Babasaheb
Published: April 2024

The bakuchi plant is growing under humid environments in different parts of India, Pakistan, and China; it also grows in warmer Southern region of Africa. It is an annual erect herb having height up to one meter, and it belongs to the family fabaceae. The plants are branched and stems are covered with white hair like projections, the seeds are black which has supreme healing power, and useful remedy myriad health anomalies. In Ayurveda plant documented for (Ruchya) anorexia remedy, (Kushtangna) treats skin disorders, (Keshya) improve hair growths, (Shwasahara) treat respiratory anomalies, (Jwarahara) to fever remedy, (Mehahara) for rectify the urinary tract infection and (Vishtamrut) for cure constipation and different digestive disorders. The plant has riches with the powerful phytonutrients which is important for hair roots growth. The plant also excellent carminative and digestive properties, it is helpful for treating host of digestive woes. It is anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-diabetic, anticancer, anti-microbial properties. The seed contains chemical constituents like coumarin, flavones, lipids, phenols, volatile oil, and stigma-steroids. The volatile compounds are limonene, linalool, gerayl acetate and β –carophyllene. The plants has essential medicinal components are psoralen, corylidin, isopsoralen, bavacoumestan A, bakuchiol and psoralidin, it composed fatty acids likes linoleic, palmitic and oleic acid with stearic and lignoceric acids. It increase the international demand and trade also observed, appreciating its low cost and tolerability.
Phytochemistry, Ethnobotany, Biogenesis, and Pharmacological Wonders of Cumin Seeds
Authors: Chand Ammara , Ali Saima , Wabaidur Saikh Mohammad
Published: April 2024

There are two primary varieties of cumin: white and black. White cumin seeds are more widely available, while black cumin seeds are smaller and smell sweeter. Cumin is an annual herb that grows to average heights of 30 to 45 cm in regions with sunshine and rainfall. The antifungal properties of this oil also extended the shelf life of strawberry fruit. Because cuminaldehyde is present in cumin seeds, individuals ill with diabetes mellitus benefited from its anti-diabetic properties. In alloxan-diabetic rats, dietary cumin prevented hyperlipidemia, which led to diabetes. Rats were used in the experiments to assess antistressin and memory-enhancing properties. Rats treated with paracetamol were protected against hepatotoxicity and neohorotoxicity by cumin fruit. In female Swiss albino mice, cumin restored normal levels of creatinine and uric acid. It can be used to treat cancer, respiratory issues, skin conditions, diarrhea, and anemia. With regard to Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis, Cu nanoparticles have outstanding anti-bacterial action and are devoid of harmful substances.
Bridging the Gap
Authors: Panda Smita , Padhy Prabir Chandra
Published: April 2024

The chapter digs into the confluence of digital and human consciousness, a frontier where neuroscience, psychology, philosophy, and AI studies come together. The chapter demonstrates the varied nature of consciousness by exploring several perspectives, including subjective experience, cognitive processes, and ethical implications. Ethical quandaries regarding merging AI and human consciousness are examined, emphasizing the significance of responsibility, transparency, and ethical innovation in AI research. The chapter emphasises the importance of multidisciplinary collaboration in navigating the complexity and seizing the opportunities AI technology offers. Finally, it argues for continued debate and collaboration in AI discourse to foster a unified approach to understanding consciousness and building a future that emphasises human well-being and ethical integrity.
Artificial Intelligence-Driven Advertising and Customer Targeting
Authors: Takunda Chiwaridzo Option , Iyioluwa Adeyinka Kehinde
Published: April 2024

This chapter investigates the relationship between artificial intelligence algorithms and advertising performance and customer engagement in Zimbabwe. Four AI algorithm types were examined as independent variables: Natural language processing (NLP), machine learning (ML), decision trees (DT), and data visualization (DV). Statistical analysis revealed significant positive relationships between all four algorithms and the dependent variable of advertising performance and customer engagement, with t-values exceeding 1.96. Among the algorithms, data visualization showed the strongest influence (t=7.952), followed by decision trees (t=5.401), machine learning (t=2.698), and natural language processing (t=2.069). The findings suggest integrating these AI algorithms into advertising strategies can improve effectiveness and customer interaction. This study provides empirical evidence for the positive impacts of leveraging AI to advance precision marketing in Zimbabwe. The results offer valuable insights for developing more targeted and effective advertising strategies.
Central Load Balancing Policy Over Virtual Machines on Cloud
Authors: Pramanik Sabyasachi
Published: April 2024

The spread handling viewpoint certificates a fiscally smart reaction for running business applications using virtualization movements, very adaptable streamed figuring, and information association methods, and besides a compensation as-you-go evaluating model. Recently, it additionally offers preferred taking care of cutoff points with respect over applications to manage complex issues. Overhauling asset use is essential for accomplishing cost attainability. Low use has for quite a long time been an issue in server farms. Servers in an ordinary server farm are worked at 10 to 50 percent of their most ludicrous use level. 10 to 20 percent usage is customary in server farms. For a server farm or a subset of servers in a server farm that by and large handles applications with predominant taking care of necessities and runs equivalent organizations, generally speaking, the issue can be essential. With this work, the current concept for task load balancing in a distributed computing environment is extended to virtual machines (VMs).
Introduction to AI in Marketing Research
Authors: Hungwe Delight Rufarp , Dube Mercy , Tshuma Sinothando
Published: April 2024

Due to digital realm, characterised by rapid technological advances and data abundance, marketing practices and the adoption of digital technologies have aided the transformation and expansion of marketing from a primary function related to basic things, to crafting data analytics, consumer centric marketing. AI technologies have taken marketing to new heights. Marketing has recently undergone a seismic shift in the digital age, and this has impacted the way in which businesses engage with their customers. Everything has drastically changed, from the days of print media (ads), broadcast media, social media, and now search engines.
Summative or Formative Assessment?
Authors: Phuong Yen H. , Le Thanh-Thao , Huynh Thi-Anh-Thu , Nguyen Anh-Thi , Nguyen Huong-Tra , Pham Trut-Thuy
Published: April 2024

This study explores the attitudes of eight EFL learners in Vietnam towards their teachers' summative and formative assessment techniques. Encompassing students from various academic years, the research utilizes in-depth interviews and thematic analysis to delve into the intricate layers of experiences with both assessment methods. The qualitative approach allows a thorough exploration of individual narratives, considering cultural, linguistic, and developmental factors shaping attitudes toward assessments. Specifically, the study examines learners' interpretations of traditional summative assessments, evaluating their impact on stress, motivation, and perceived fairness. Simultaneously, it explores encounters with formative assessments, emphasizing how continuous feedback aids learning and caters to individual needs. The study aims to provide context-specific insights, bridging the gap between theoretical and practical aspects of assessment in the Vietnamese EFL setting for educators.
Digital Feedback on EFL Students' Writing
Authors: Nguyen Huyen Dang Thi Cuc , Van Le Thinh , Bui Quyen Thi Thuc
Published: April 2024

Teachers' digital feedback is considered a persuasive influence on students' achievement; however, there has been limited research on teachers' use and their perceptions of digital feedback. This chapter aims to explore teachers' beliefs and their practice about digital feedback to EFL students on their writing at a university in Vietnam. The study employed a qualitative research design. A group of seven teachers participated in the semi-structured interviews. The finding revealed that all participants believed in the practical use of digital feedback in writing, implementing direct and indirect digital feedback, and offering feedback in language and content. Most teachers were not assured that the students responded to their feedback, or that they learned from the feedback, though they assumed students should revise their writing. However, analysis of teachers' practice showed an inconsistency that they did not force the students to revisit their assignments. The research outlined some suggestions on digital feedback strategies to maximize the benefits of teachers' feedback.
An Overview of Artificial Intelligence-Enhanced Teaching Methods
Authors: Shafik Wasswa
Published: April 2024

This study dichotomizes AI's profound impact on traditional teaching, defines its role, and explores AI-enhanced methods. It critiques lecture-based and textbook learning for lacking personalization and prompt feedback. It details AI integration, emphasizing personalized learning, immersive tech like virtual and augmented reality, and key components: machine learning and natural language processing. Use cases demonstrate personalized learning paths and real-time feedback. The study further dives into AI-enhanced teaching: adaptive learning, intelligent tutoring, gamification, chatbots, and assessment automation, highlighting their transformative potential. It finally addresses challenges and ethics and projects AI's future contributions in research and curriculum development, urging adoption for future learners' benefit.
Unleashing Robo-Advisors in Supply Chain Management
Authors: Shukla Rishi Prakash , Singh Satnam , Kumar Pawan , Chauhan Abhishek Singh
Published: April 2024

Step into the dynamic world of supply chain management, where a significant transformation is unfolding through the adoption of innovative technologies. This chapter is a guide through this exciting journey, exploring the impactful changes brought about by robo advisors. We'll dive into their practical uses, the hurdles faced, and what the future holds. Looking ahead, we'll gaze into the future of supply chain management. From decentralized autonomous supply chains to the integration of augmented reality, self-aware robotic systems, and even the potential of quantum computing, there's much to anticipate. This chapter is not just a look into the crystal ball; it's a call to action, helping organizations prepare for the next phase of innovation and efficiency.
Challenges in Integrating Robo-Advisors Into Wealth Management
Authors: Pant Pawan , Kishore Kaushal Kishore , Priya Swati , Mishra Sunil Kant , Dahiya Kavita
Published: April 2024

The incorporation of robo-advisors into wealth management signifies a revolutionary change in the provision of financial services. An outline of the difficulties involved in this integration is given in this abstract. Issues ranging from client trust and the changing role of human advisors to regulatory obstacles and data security concerns are brought to light by the growing prevalence of robo-advisory platforms. This abstract examines the various obstacles that fintech companies and financial institutions must overcome to integrate robo-advisors into wealth management procedures smoothly. It explores the complexities of managing legal frameworks, protecting personal information, and creating an atmosphere that encourages cooperation between technology and human knowledge. The abstract also emphasizes how crucial it is to handle ethical issues and uphold client trust in this ever-changing environment. Industry participants hoping to fully utilize robo-advisors while providing dependable and moral wealth management solutions must comprehend and overcome these obstacles.
The Relationship Between Humanity Versus Artificial Intelligence Trust and Personality and Locus of Control
Authors: Singh Muskan , Ghai Sachin , Sharma Rajat
Published: April 2024

As artificial intelligence (AI) becomes increasingly prevalent in various applications, understanding the factors influencing trust in AI-based systems is crucial. This study explores the impact of personality traits, specifically the Big Five Inventory traits and locus of control (LOC), on trust behavior in the context of a decision-making card game involving AI-based algorithms. The findings reveal that LOC plays a pivotal role in influencing trust concordance and ratings, independent of BFI traits. Openness, a BFI trait, influenced reaction time specifically for suggestions from human sources. These results underscore the significance of LOC in shaping trust dynamics, extending beyond traditional personality dimensions. The study highlights how individuals, based on their LOC, make decisions about whom to trust, be it human or AI. These paper contribute to a better understanding of the nuanced factors influencing trust in AI-based algorithms, emphasizing the importance of considering personality characteristics in designing and implementing such systems.
Social and Ethical Implications of AI in Finance for Sustainability
Authors: Kumari Reenu , Sharma Komal , Kumar Rajesh
Published: April 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) is becoming an inseparable part of our daily lives as it can solve tough problems in a competent way in manifold areas like bank, insurance, healthcare, education, operations, etc. This chapter explains how financial institutions are implementing AI, algorithm trading, and intelligence that is adaptive to their financial processes. The banking sector in India has gone through significant transformations with the infusion of technology. Technological innovation has played a crucial role in reshaping the landscape of banking operations, bringing about positive changes in various aspects such as cost effectiveness, productivity and efficiency, small value transactions, digital payment systems, mobile banking apps, and online transfers. Adoption of technology has given customers a wide range of choices in terms of banking services from online banking to mobile apps.
Replenish Artificial Intelligence in Renewable Energy for Sustainable Development
Authors: Singh Bhupinder , Dutta Pushan Kumar , Kaunert Christian
Published: April 2024

The whole world is struggling with the multifaceted challenges of climate change, environmental degradation, and for the search of sustainable development, the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) have emerged as a guiding beacon. Among these, SDG 7 (Affordable and Clean Energy) and SDG 13 (Climate Action) hold particular significance, encapsulating critical facets of humanity's collective pursuit of a more sustainable future. Nation states as signatories to an array of international treaties and agreements have committed to a comprehensive set of responsibilities aimed at advancing the goals of SDG 7 and SDG 13. The international legal landscape also champions cooperation as a fundamental tenet. This chapter introduces a comprehensive legal-financial advisory framework to address the evolving landscape of AI-driven renewable energy projects.
Exploring Followership Resilience in the Hospitality Industry
Authors: Kotsev Emil Nikolov
Published: April 2024

The purpose of the study is to examine the link between followership resilience and organizational sustainability in hospitality. In particular, it explores followers' propensity to seek guidance (low-initiative employees) or take the initiative (high-initiative employees) as well as the tendency to doubt the decisions of supervisors (low-trust employees) or trust superiors' judgments (high-trust employees). A mixed-methods research design is applied, using both quantitative and qualitative approaches. Empirical data is collected through a combination of exploratory and descriptive research strategies. A 12-item questionnaire reveals the predominant follower propensities. The majority of bottom-level workers indicate low-to-moderate initiative propensity, and the majority of managers show moderate-to-high initiative propensity. Regarding follower trust in superiors, most of the subordinates express low-to-moderate trust propensity. The chapter also identifies advantages and disadvantages of employees with opposing propensities from an organizational sustainability perspective.
Ecocultural Tourism
Authors: Fernandes Gonçalo Poeta , Cravino Inês Gomes
Published: April 2024

Ecocultural tourism is the result of a complementarity between the geography of the place, the heritage, the ways of life and the economic and socio-cultural organization of the community. In this approach, the community plays an important role in the relationship with tourists and the territory, promoting the compression of the links between socio-economic and cultural traditions and practices with the geographical space, promoting value and enriching experiences for tourists. The territorial networks of Schist Villages and Mountain Villages represent destinations that combine rurality and heritage value with the cultural expressions of their communities. These realities present a valuable association between the preservation of local ecosystems, ways of life and their socio-cultural materialization, promoting identities and the affirmation of traditional knowledge allied to the sustainable management of resources.