bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Concept of the MSE Diagnostic at the TRT Tokamak Facility
Authors: Zemtsov I. A. , Neverov V. S. , Nemets A. R. , Krupin V. A. , Pshenov A. A. , Davydenko V. I. , Stupishin N. V.
Published: November 2024

The possibility of carrying out measurements of plasma parameters in a tokamak with reactor technologies (TRT) by means of the technique based on the Stark effect by resolving the spectrum of the split lines of Balmer series emitted by fast hydrogen atoms injected into plasma is analyzed. The code containing the models of emission applicable for the high-temperature tokamak plasma, along with the library of functions for the ray-tracing simulation of geometric optics, was used. Simulation of spectra of active neutral beam emission and plasma emission, both as a result of charge exchange on beam atoms and passive one, taking into account reflections from the plasma facing vessel elements, allowed determining parameters of the diagnostic injector and relative position of the light-collection systems and heating injectors for which the useful and background spectra could be separated. The signal gathered by the detector is simulated. The shape of the visual angle along the line of sight, optical properties of the lens materials, the instrumental function of the spectral device, the sensor characteristics, and statistical noise of the signal are taken into consideration. Based on the obtained results, a preliminary concept of the motional Stark effect (MSE) diagnostic for the tokamak with reactor technologies is proposed.
Electrocatalytic Properties of Water-Soluble Nickel(II) and Copper(II) Phthalocyaninates in the Oxidation Reaction of Hydroxide Ions
Authors: Kovanova M. A. , Derbeneva P. D. , Postnov A. S. , Tikhomirova T. V. , Vashurin A. S. , Koifman O. I.
Published: November 2024

In this work, the electrochemical and electrocatalytic behavior of gold electrodes modified with nickel(II) (NiPc) and copper(II) (CuPc) tetra-4-sulfophthalocyaninates in an aqueous alkaline solution was studied using cyclic voltammetry. A comparative assessment of the electrocatalytic activity of the studied metal phthalocyaninates in the oxidation reaction of hydroxide ions with the formation of molecular oxygen is given, and a comparison is made with literature data.
Obtaining analogues of fermented milk products from seed meal using new strains of lactic acid bacteria
Authors: Sinelnikov A. V. , Kolganova T. V. , Ulanova R. V.
Published: November 2024

A method has been developed for producing analogues of fermented milk drinks from pumpkin seed meal – a massive waste of oilseed production – using new strains of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from different samples of kumiss. Based on the results of screening 50 LAB isolates capable of fermenting milk and aqueous meal extracts in a wide pH range, 3 strains with the best growth characteristics were selected. These strains were identified as representatives of the genus Lacticaseibacillus, most closely related to L. rhamnosus and L. casei (with 99.93 and 99.65% similarity in 16S rRNA gene sequences). An optimal scheme for producing drinks has been selected, including: grinding meal, optimized extraction with alkaline solutions, heat treatment of the extract to remove foreign microflora, introduction of inoculum (3–5% v/v) of new LAB strains, ripening at 370C for 10 hours. Compared with the fermented milk product obtained by fermenting milk with the same microorganisms, the drink made from meal extracts was distinguished by the absence of lactose and cholesterol, an increased content of unsaturated fatty acids (2.3 times), protein (1.7 times) and the presence of essential amino acids in proteins. Thus, pumpkin seed meal, which is still ineffectively used, is a good basis for obtaining analogues of fermented milk products with beneficial properties. The developed method for producing lacto-fermented drinks can be adapted for processing other types of meal and cake.
Capture and Recovery of Volatile Organic Compounds Vapors Using Membrane Technology
Authors: Novitsky E. G. , Tokarev P. O. , Matveeva Yu. I. , Volkov V. V. , Grushevenko E. A.
Published: November 2024

The problem of separation and recovery of volatile organic compounds (VOC) vapors is important both from the point of view of reducing the negative anthropogenic impact on the environment and from the point of view of resource conservation. The main classes of VOCs are, first of all, aliphatic, aromatic and oxygen-containing hydrocarbons. A significant source of VOC emissions of various natures are waste gas process flows (or off-gases) of petrochemical industries (polymerization processes, hydrotreating, isomerization, dehydrogenation, etc.). The capture and recovery of VOC vapors is implemented mainly using recovery technology and decomposition technology.
This review is devoted to a brief overview of modern technologies for the removal and recovery of VOCs from vapor-gas mixtures. The technology of membrane separation of vapor-gas mixtures, including promising membrane materials, is considered in detail. This technology allows for the selective separation of VOCs, and the purified main gas flow can be returned to the production cycle, if necessary, without additional preparation.
SPECIFICATION DRIVEN BEHAVIORAL DESIGN OF COMPLEX SYSTEMS
Authors: Tanir Oryal
Published: November 2024

Traditionally in the design automation field, simulation has been applied to explore low-level design details. However, a focus upon design specification driven simulation environments has been missing. Such tools can conceptually capture an initial design specification and allow design exploration at a highly abstract level with a simulation-based environment prior to synthesis. At this design stage, software and hardware elements can be indistinguishable and represent a good opportunity for addressing system level concerns such as partitioning, co-design and architectural trade-offs. With the advent of more complex systems, the ability to model and verify properties of various alternative designs is mandatory to produce cost effective and sound systems. Specification driven design implies a need to support architectural design and rapid prototyping systems (RPS) within a design flow. The system design activity is generally the starting point within the design phase of a product life-cycle - which involves the design capture of specifications into an executable model. Hence language requirements at this stage encompass modeling capabilities. The design and modeling of the conceptual system at this abstract level implies that the design environment must support concepts such as generic model reuse, component and structural reuse, intelligent library management, and hierarchical design. After a suitable model is defined, the language must provide support for experimentation and analysis. These activities are crucial for a designer to explore a given design space, make appropriate trade-offs and partition the design to different hardware/software configurations. Such activities can be supported through design simulators and formal methods. This paper examines the benefits of applying a specification driven approach and presents a framework for environments that can support the related design activities. The Design Analysis and Simulation Environment (DASE) based upon this framework has been successfully implemented through a joint initiative between Bell Canada and McGill University.
MULTI-LEVEL DISTRIBUTED REAL-TIME SIMULATION BASED ON THE TMO	MODELING
Authors: Kim K. H. (Kane)
Published: November 2024

Real-time simulation is the mode of simulation in which the simulation objects show the timing behavior that are the same as or similar to the timing behavior of the simulation targets. The author has been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented (OO) real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. The TMO, which is a real-time extension of the well-established object structure, is capable of uniformly and accurately representing both real-time embedded computer systems and application environments. This paper discusses the core techniques of the DTS scheme that have been refined recently as well as those of TMO modeling. Implementation issues relevant to the efficiency of the distributed real-time simulation are also discussed.
VISUAL ANALYSIS OF A CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM BASED ON ECG AND ABP	SIGNALS USING EVOLVABLE HARDWARE DESIGN
Authors: Xiong Fan , Shrestha Prabhu , Tanik Murat M. , Tanik John U. , Vasana Susan
Published: November 2024

In this paper, visual data analysis was applied to raw medical data using probability theory to provide valuable information for preliminary diagnosis. The evolvable hardware design approach combined with information theory was applied to model an adaptive cardiovascular system. The cardiovascular system is modelled by a digital logic circuit based on ECG and ABP signal samples as input and output respectively. In our experiments, five patients' ECG and ABP data was chosen for the visual analysis. A user friendly GUI was demoed and the correlation of patient data was analyzed in the space and time domain. The digital circuit model was extrinsically evolved using genetic programming as the evolutionary algorithm and mutual information as the fitness function. In our experiments using MATLAB, we demonstrated that the data analysis could provide valuable information for preliminary diagnosis, and the proposed method could fit the input-output relationship as recorded samples piece-wise in which each piece contains monotonic input data. The model we proposed is a self reconfigurable digital circuit model based on input and output information. It's safe to conclude that the model is adaptive to changes based on different patient's unique ECG and ABP signals since the I/O information is also changed. Furthermore, a "divide and conquer" method was employed to get a more accurate piece-wise model. Experimental results show that the method is feasible, scalable, and promising as a personalized medical simulation tool.
Bending and Impact Response of Sandwich Panels for XCAT Hulls in Sport Competitions
Authors: Raffaele Marcello , Cucinotta Filippo , Palomba Giulia , Corigliano Pasqualino
Published: November 2024

The safety of vessels at sea is crucial, given the potential presence of obstacles such as rocks, other vessels, or offshore structures. Impacts with such objects pose a significant risk to the integrity of ships and the safety of passengers. The present research activity explores safety in international nautical competitions, with a specific focus on races governed by the International Union of Motorboating (UIM). It analyzes the innovative design of the hull’s sandwich construction of the XCAT racing catamaran, crucial for ensuring safety in the event of violent impacts, such as those from capsizing. The research activity involved four-point bending tests and impact tests to evaluate the mechanical performance and impact resistance of these sandwich specimens. Two types of sandwich structures were subjected to bending tests to determine their load-bearing capacity and to impact tests to assess their energy absorption characteristics. Through testing the effectiveness of structural innovations in enhancing the resilience of high-speed vessels is thus ensured, providing useful information for the development of theoretical and numerical prediction models.
Enhancing Leisure Sailing Experience Through Technology and Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Pagani Laura , Gemelli Paolo
Published: November 2024

This paper explores the potential of technology and artificial intelligence (AI) to revolutionize leisure sailing experiences by dynamically tailoring onboard environments to individuals’ emotions and preferences. Traditionally, leisure activities have been somewhat static, offering limited scope for personalization. However, advancements in sensor technology and AI systems have opened new possibilities for enhancing well-being and enjoyment during leisure activities. Using leisure sailing as a case study, this paper demonstrates how onboard sensors and AI systems can respond in real-time to participants’ emotions, adjusting various environmental factors such as lighting, music, ventilation, colours, and furniture layout to optimize comfort and enjoyment. By harnessing the power of technology and AI, leisure sailing experiences can be personalized and enriched, leading to enhanced relaxation and joy for participants. Furthermore, this paper encourages discussions on the broader potential of technology and AI to elevate leisure experiences across different domains. By focusing on advancements, applications, and ethical considerations, it aims to deepen our understanding of personalized and engaging leisure experiences. By fostering collaborations between technology developers, leisure industry professionals, and researchers, this paper seeks to inspire the creation of innovative solutions that reshape the future of leisure. In summary, this paper envisions a future where leisure sailing experiences are enhanced through seamless integration of technology and AI. By dynamically adapting to individuals’ emotions and preferences, the onboard environment can be optimized to maximize comfort and happiness, providing a truly personalized and engaging leisure experience.
Design Solutions for a Competition Solar Boat
Authors: Pinto Ricardo Aurélio Quinhões , Campese Chiara , Minak Giangiacomo
Published: November 2024

In recent decades there has been an increase in global interest in the environment protection, prompting researchers to develop sustainable solutions. Solar energy is central in this context, as it can reduce pollution and energy costs, as in the case of a solar boat project that aims to maximize efficiency and reliability. The aim of this article is to show how we developed the best solar boat design prototype which, once the project has been embodied, will then have to compete in a competitive university context in the most important international competitions on the planet such as the Monaco Energy Boat Challenge. The research made use of one of the-state-of-the art software for boat prototyping, namely Rhinoceros 7 and, in particular, the Orca 3D plug in. Initially, a first general prototype was created with the first try lengths and beams, compatible with the race regulations, and then moved on to more specific prototypes by improving the design lines and taking into account the adjustments due to the tests done considering strength and stability. This research will demonstrate the succession of steps towards obtaining the best solution considering the interaction of hydrostatics and hydrodynamics with competition regulations.
Between Identity and Eclecticism: A Brief Discussion About Similarities and Differences in the Experience of Interior Design Aboard Large Passenger Ships in the Modern Era
Authors: Sorrentino Nicoletta
Published: November 2024

Although the design approach to the architectural defining of the environments on board has changed from time to time in the modern era, it could be said that a sort of “eclecticism” constitutes a leitmotiv never abandoned and declined differently during its evolution up to our days. In the past, the inventiveness inspired by ancient artistic styles aboard the first ocean liners was primarily meant to meet the taste of the time, as a source of attraction for customers. Nowadays we see similar situations aboard cruise ships, most of all because of their increasing dimension, that entails a great differentiation among spaces on board. Then, the coexistence on board of multiple stylistic features as a sort of a contemporary eclecticism is a consequence of design choices meant to impress the customer. The contribute here presented aims to discuss how the role of the designer has changed through the decades, and which is today its function in establishing correspondence between identity of the company, characterization of the ship, and finally attractiveness in the customer.
Grenzen der Forschung: Das Subsidiaritätsprinzip im Biomedizinrecht
Authors: Isliker Nadina
Published: November 2024

The article analyses the principle of subsidiarity in biomedical law and its application in human,
animal and stem cell research. It highlights the significance of the principle of subsidiarity for the
protection of research subjects, explores the moral considerations underlying the different norms
and examines potential tensions.
The Role of Spiritual Experiences in the Psychological Hardiness of Nurses With the Mediation of Mindfulness
Authors:   Department of General Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Zahedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zahedan, Iran., Bazaz Nahid Baradaran , Moharer Gholamreza Sanagouye ,   Department of General Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Zahedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zahedan, Iran., Nakhaei Somayeh ,   Department of General Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Zahedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zahedan, Iran.
Published: November 2024

Background and Objectives: Psychological hardiness is described as one of the vital health potentials on theoretical and research bases; therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the mediating role of mindfulness in the relationship between spiritual experiences and the psychological hardiness of nurses.
Methods: The present research was a cross-sectional path analysis. The research population included all the nurses of Birjand City, Iran in the second six months of 2023, of which 280 people were selected using a stratified random sampling method (male and female). The data collection tools were spiritual experiences questionnaires by Underwood and Teresi (2002), mindfulness by Chadwick et al. (2008), and psychological hardiness by Kiyamrie et al. SPSS software, version 22 and Amos software, version 22 were used for data analysis.
Results: Bentayj showed that spiritual experiences directly affect mindfulness (P<0.01, β=0.592). Spiritual experiences affect psychological hardiness both directly (P<0.01, β=0.198) and through the mediation of mindfulness (P<0.01, β=0.224). Mindfulness has a direct positive effect on psychological hardiness (P<0.01, β=0.379).
Conclusion: According to the results of this research, it is suggested to pay more attention to improving spiritual experiences and mindfulness to improve nurses’ psychological hardiness.
Predicting Life Satisfaction of Elderly Tourists Based on Spiritual Experience and Hope
Authors:   Department of Tourism and Hospitality, Faculty of Economics, Management and Social Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran., Moaven Zahra
Published: November 2024

Background and Objectives: Currently, tourism plays an important role in meeting the leisure and medical needs of the elderly. Accordingly, this study predicts the life satisfaction of elderly tourists based on spiritual experience and hope.
Methods: This was a quantitative cross-sectional study. The data were collected by surveying 384 elderly people aged 60 and over in Shiraz City, Iran, in August 2023.
Results: There is a significant relationship between hope and life satisfaction (P=0.000) and spiritual experience and life satisfaction of elderly tourists (P=0.000). Also, the variables of spiritual experience and hope were factors affecting the life satisfaction of elderly tourists, the correlation coefficient between these two variables was 0.783 and had a very high significance level (P=0.000). In addition, nearly 62% of the variance in life satisfaction is explained by independent variables. The results showed that the average level of life satisfaction of men is more than women and there is a significant relationship between age and life satisfaction of elderly tourists (P=0.000).
Conclusion: Experience and spiritual beliefs are influential in the physical and mental health of the elderly, effectively giving peace and hope to these people. Since tourism and leisure activities can be important in improving the level of life satisfaction of the elderly and increasing their hope, they should be considered in planning and policy-making.
Exercise as a Strategy for Brain Aging: Prevention and Treatment Insights
Authors:   Department of Biological Sciences in Sport and Health, faculty of sport science and health, Shahid beheshti university, Tehran, Iran., Fasihiyan Moein , Morais José A. ,   Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada., Goli Alireaz ,   Department of Biological Sciences in Sport and Health, faculty of sport science and health, Shahid beheshti university, Tehran, Iran., Taheri Maryam ,   Department of Biological Sciences in Sport and Health, faculty of sport science and health, Shahid beheshti university, Tehran, Iran., Asadi Yasmin ,   Department of Biological Sciences in Sport and Health, faculty of sport science and health, Shahid beheshti university, Tehran, Iran., Nourshahi Maryam ,   Department of Biological Sciences in Sport and Health, faculty of sport science and health, Shahid beheshti university, Tehran, Iran.
Published: November 2024

Objectives: Aging is a comprehensive biological process that leads to a decrease in the physiological function of many body organs. Among them, the central nervous system plays a pivotal role in aging, and in this regard, physical and cognitive activities and exercise are among of the most important interventions known for managing and hindering nervous disorders associated with aging. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of various types of activities and exercise on neurological disorders in older adults.
Material and methods: To conduct this research, databases including Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus were thoroughly searched using the following terms: effect of aging on the brain, Alzheimer's, Parkinson's disease, stroke, and the effect of different types of exercises on the aging brain, focusing on articles published between 2005 and 2024. The selection of articles followed the framework for scoping reviews as outlined by Arksey and O'Malley. A total of 56 relevant articles were carefully examined and included in this review.
Findings: The results of various studies showed that different physical exercises have different effects on diseases related to the nervous system and aging. Among them, the best types of physical exercises were moderate and high intensity exercises combined with cognitive exercises.
Conclusion: Physical exercises of moderate to high intensity and the combination of physical and cognitive activities have more beneficial effects than exercises with lower intensity. In addition, exercises and dual physical-cognitive exercises group have a preventive and more effective role than other exercise modalities in dealing with brain and nervous system disorders in older adults.
Fingerprint Based Voting System Using IOT
Authors: Snehal Gurav  , Anushka Fase  , Dipali Masal  , Gaurakka Umarani  , K. I. Chouhan
Published: November 2024

The “Fingerprint Voting System[3] Using IOT” is an innovative approach to enhancing the security, reliability, and efficiency of the voting process. This system integrates biometric fingerprint recognition with IOT (Internet of Things) technology to create a secure, user-friendly, and tamper-proof voting mechanism. Traditional voting systems are often vulnerable to identity fraud, ballot manipulation, and delays in result compilation. By leveraging fingerprint biometrics, the system ensures that each voter can only cast one vote, thereby eliminating the possibility of voter fraud and multiple voting. The system operates as follows: each voter is required to authenticate their identity through fingerprint scanning before accessing the voting platform. The fingerprint data is matched with a pre-existing voter database to verify eligibility. Once authenticated, the voter is granted access to the digital ballot system, where they can securely cast their vote. The IOT component connects the voting terminals to a centralized server over a secure network, ensuring real-time data transmission and immediate updates to the voting status.
Ecological and toxicological screening of the safety of drinking water for livestock enterprises of Odesa region
Authors: Roman L. H. , Ulyzko S. I. , Zelenina O. M. , Skliarov P. M. , Bezaltychna O. A. , Dankevich N. I. , Chornyi V. A. , Sliusarenko I. S.
Published: November 2024

Our scientific and industrial research aimed to determine tap water's safety for watering productive animals (cows, goats, sheep) in three different livestock enterprises of the Odesa region. By using the microbiological method - ecological-toxicological express biotesting (with the help of the preparation of test organisms of the dry culture of ciliates Colpoda steinii), it was determined that among 106 samples of tap water for watering animals, an average of 65.62 received a rating of “general weak toxicity”; 67.01 and 64.88 % of the samples, respectively, for each farm (P < 0.001, which highlighted the problem of the unsatisfactory quality of drinking tap water for dairy cattle. A trend was established to increase the indicator of weak toxicity of drinking water in enterprises by +0.22–4.33 % during the year in each farm (P < 0.001). Determination of the comprehensive indicator of the quality of tap water for watering animals (farm No. 3) by express analysis of samples by the TDS - metric method showed that the level of mineralization of untreated drinking water exceeded recommended norms in 27.65 and 31.17 times (in 2023 and 2024, respectively, (P < 0.001), and samples of water purified on the “ECOSOFT-6500” line were within the recommended norms of high-quality drinking water: on average 35.63–33.59 mg/l, respectively (P < 0.001). The analysis of experimental comparative data and literature sources showed the need for further studies on the quality and safety of water for watering productive animals to optimize the management of safe water supply and obtain organic livestock products.
The influence of milk thistle, metiphene, and sylimevit on the protein synthesis function of the liver of laying hens under cadmium load
Authors: Ostapyuk A. O. , Gutyj B. V. , Kozenko O. V. , Dvyliuk I. V. , Shcherbatyi A. R. , Martyshuk T. V. , Magrelo N. V. , Klym H. V. , Krempa N. Yu. , Vus U. M. , Vysotskyi A. O.
Published: November 2024

Cadmium compounds deserve special attention from researchers, as this element belongs to the first class of environmental hazards. Cadmium is classified as a dangerous pollutant in the environment because it, due to toxic stress, causes various disorders of the functional state of the organisms of animals and birds. The work aimed to study the effect of milk thistle, metiphene, and sylimevit on the protein synthesizing function of the liver of laying hens under experimental chronic cadmium toxicosis. 32 laying hens aged 78 weeks were selected for the research. Four experimental groups were formed: a control group and three experimental groups. Chickens of the control group (K) and three experimental groups were given cadmium sulfate with water at 4 mg/kg of body weight. The chickens of experimental group D1 were fed milk thistle fruits at a dose of 2.0 g/kg of feed once a day for 30 days. Chickens of experimental group D2 were fed metiphene at a dose of 0.28 g/kg of feed once daily for 30 days. The chickens of experimental group D3 were fed sylimevit at a dose of 0.36 g/kg of feed once daily for 30 days. The research results showed that the content of total protein and its fractions in the blood plasma of laying hens changes throughout the experiment in birds of the control and experimental groups. Thus, in the blood of laying hens subjected to cadmium loading, a decrease in total protein and albumin fraction was found in their blood. Under the cadmium load of laying hens, milk thistle, metiphene, and sylimevit have a positive effect on the protein synthesis function of the liver, as indicated by an increase in the level of total protein and albumins. Analyzing the indicators of the content of total protein and protein fractions in the blood plasma of laying hens under cadmium load and the use of experimental drugs, it is worth noting that a probable difference between the birds of the control and experimental groups was observed from the 14th day of the experiment. Feeding with the fodder of the spotted thistle and silimevit contributed to a better normalizing effect on the protein synthesis function of the liver than the use of metiphene.
The spectrum of lactate dehydrogenase isozymes in ovarian tissue of cows under different physiological states and pathologies
Authors: Akymyshyn M. M. , Kuzmina N. V. , Ostapiv D. D.
Published: November 2024

The article presents the results of studies on the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity and content of its isozymes in ovarian tissue under various physiological and pathological states of cow gonads. Cow ovaries of the Ukrainian dairy black-spotted breed (age 5–8 years, live weight 450–500 kg) of different physiological states were used for research: with “early yellow body”, diameter 10–20 mm, red or brown color (EYB; n = 41); with “late yellow body”, diameter 5–15 mm, color yellow (LYB; n = 32); “follicular growth”, without corpus luteum (FG; n = 84) and with hypofunction (n = 21). The activity and content of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) isozymes were determined in the supernatant after centrifugation of gonadal tissue homogenates prepared according to standard methods. The content of LDH isozymes (%) was determined after vertical protein electrophoresis of tissue samples in plates of 7.5 % polyacrylamide gel (PAAG) and specific staining according to J. Garbus in our modification and calculated with TotalLab TL120 software. LDH activity was determined by the rate of NADH oxidation and was calculated in µcatal/mg of protein. In all samples, 5 catalytically active enzyme bands were detected: LDH1 – LDH5. It was established that the activity and content of LDH isozymes depends on the physiological state of the gonad. Thus, in the ovarian tissue of cows, LDH activity was the same (2.8–3.0 µcatal/mg protein) under the physiological state of “follicular growth” and pathology – “hypofunction” and is lower by 0.6 and 1.0 µcatal/mg protein under conditions of “early” and “late” corpus luteum (2.0 and 2.2 µcatal/mg protein). The biggest content of LDH1 was (49.3 ± 1.64 %) in the tissue in the physiological state of “late yellow body”. The greatest amount of LDH3, LDH4 and LDH5 (16.4 ± 1.70, 11.2 ± 2.42 and 13.2 ± 3.06 %) – at state “early yellow body”. The content of LDH2 was high (27.5 ± 4.26 %) in the case of ovarian "hypofunction", and in the other physiological states, the value was lower and almost had no difference (19.8 and 22.1 %). The analysis of correlations shows the moderate dependence of LDH activity and the content of isozymes on the physiological state and hypofunction of the gonad (LDH total activity – η = 0.387, LDH 1 – η = 0.465; LDH3 – η = 0.551; LDH4 – η = 0.336; LDH5 – η = 0.347).
Justification of pathogenetic mechanisms of ungulomycosis in cows
Authors: Khomyn N. M. , Pritsak V. V. , Ihlitskyi I. I.
Published: November 2024

The article presents the results of biochemical, biophysical, and histomorphological studies of the hoof horn of clinically healthy cows and patients with purulent pododermatitis complicated by keratomycetes. It is known that the development of the inflammatory process in the area of the hooves, in particular, due to purulent inflammation of the producing layer of the base of the skin, complicated by keratomycetes, affects not only the animal body as a whole but also the quality of the hoof horn, which is characterized by changes in its individual biochemical and biophysical indicators and the structure of the epidermis of the hooves. In particular, in the hoof horn of animals with ungulomycosis, there is a probable increase of 35.6 % in the concentration of SH-groups and 16.1 % in the moisture content, which indicates the deterioration of the keratinization process and, as a result, the accumulation of excessive moisture content in the epidermis of the hooves. It indicates a deterioration in the quality of the hoof horn. It has been established that the condition of the hoof horn is influenced by other biochemical indicators, in particular, the concentration of Sulfur and Calcium in the epidermis of the hoof. Thus, with ungulomycosis, the content of Sulfur decreases by 19.2 %, and calcium decreases by 13.9 %, which indicates the deterioration of keratinization processes.  Trace elements, particularly copper and zinc, also play an important role in this process. Purulent inflammation of the producing layer of the base of the skin of the hoofs, complicated by keratomicetes, decreases the concentration of these mineral substances by 18.1 and 16.2 %, respectively. Changes in the biochemical indicators of the epidermis of the cow's hooves due to ungulomycosis also affected its biophysical properties. Thus, hoof horn density decreased by 7.4 % and hardness by 17.8 %. It was established that in the presence of dystrophic and inflammatory processes at the base of the skin of the hooves, there are certain violations of the tissue (tubular) and cellular structure due to ungulomycosis. The horn of such hooves undergoes parakeratotic changes; loosening of fibers and destruction of cellular elements is observed. Thus, purulent pododermatitis of fungal origin is accompanied by changes in specific biochemical and biophysical parameters of the hoof horn, as well as histomorphological changes. These changes lead to irreversible processes in the epidermis of the hoofs and are one reason for the transition of the inflammatory process to deeper tissues and the involvement of the entire cow's hoof in this process.
Gastrointestinal parasites of dogs, analysis of prevalence and treatment efficacy
Authors: Mushynskyi A. B. , Karchevska T. M. , Prosyanyi S. B. , Kernychnyi S. P. , Savchuk L. B.
Published: November 2024

The study of the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in dogs and the efficacy of anthelmintic drugs is a pressing issue in veterinary medicine. Helminthic infections can affect various systems of the animal's body, including the gastrointestinal tract, lungs, and other organs, often leading to severe diseases. This article presents the results of an examination of 97 dogs aimed at identifying gastrointestinal parasitic infections and evaluating the efficacy of various anthelmintic drugs. The analysis of fecal samples revealed that 53 % of the dogs were infected with one or more species of parasites. Four species of parasites were identified: three species of helminths (Toxocara canis, Ancylostoma caninum, Uncinaria stenocephala) and one species of protozoan parasite (Giardia spp.). The highest prevalence of infection was recorded for T. canis (51%), and mixed infections involving two or more parasites were found in 27 % of the dogs. The study demonstrated a significant age-related variation in infection rates: puppies (≤ 6 months) had the highest prevalence (61 %), while the rates in young dogs (6 months – 1 year) and adult dogs (over 1 year) were 57.1 % and 26.4 %, respectively. Among the parasites affecting puppies, T. canis (45.4 %) and Giardia spp. (12.6 %) were the most prevalent, indicating their high susceptibility to these infections. Additionally, it was found that female dogs were more frequently infected with parasites than males. The efficacy of anthelmintic drugs varied depending on the type of infection. The drugs Brovadazole and Wormidex were 100 % effective in cases of mono-infections; however, their efficacy decreased in cases of mixed infections. The efficacy of Albentabs ranged from 32 % to 61 % in mixed helminth infections but reached 100 % in mono-infections. Metronidazole was found to be 100 % effective against the protozoan parasite Giardia spp. The results of this study highlight the importance of early diagnosis and appropriate treatment of gastrointestinal parasitoses in dogs, especially in puppies, to prevent severe complications. The efficacy of anthelmintic drugs can vary significantly depending on the type of infection and the number of parasites, underscoring the need for an individualized approach to treating animals. Combining different classes of anthelmintic drugs may be more effective than using a single drug, as this approach allows for broader coverage of diseases and reduces the risk of resistance development.
Investigation of the specific toxicity of a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory veterinary drug based on celecoxib
Authors: Kondratyuk M. L.
Published: November 2024

Laboratory studies were conducted to determine the subacute toxicity of the veterinary drug Celexib on white rats and dogs. The drug “Celexib,” based on celecoxib, is used in sports horses, dogs, fallow deer, red deer, wild pigs, and cats for the treatment of acute and chronic diseases of the musculoskeletal system (arthritis, myositis, laminitis, etc.), pain syndrome (post-operative and post-traumatic), symptomatic therapy for diseases accompanied by animal fever. When administered subcutaneously to rats, the drug “Celexib” (solution for injections) under the conditions of a subacute toxicological experiment in doses of 0.1–1.0 ml/kg does not cause hemo-, hepato- and nephrotoxic effects on the body of laboratory animals. However, 3-day administration of the drug, in the indicated doses, led to a probable (Р < 0.05) decrease in the number of leukocytes by 14.6, 13.1, and 13.4 %, respectively. After 7 days, after stopping the administration of the drug, a tendency to decrease these indicators was observed. The exception was the tendency to increase the activity of the hepatospecific enzymes ALT and AST one and 3 days after the start of the administration of the drug, at a dose of 1.0 ml/kg of body weight, which 7 days after the cessation of subcutaneous administration of the drug, did not differ from those in the control group. When administered subcutaneously to dogs, the drug “Celexib” (solution for injections) under the conditions of a subacute toxicological experiment in doses of 0.1–1.0 ml/kg does not cause hemo-, hepato- and nephrotoxic effects on the body of laboratory animals, although a 3-day administration of the drug in the indicated doses led to a probable (Р < 0.05) decrease in the number of leukocytes by 20.3; 19.5 and 19.8 %, respectively, which began to decrease 7 days after stopping the administration of the drug. The exception was the tendency to increase the activity of the hepatospecific enzymes ALT and AST and the concentration of urea one and 3 days after the start of administration of the drug at a dose of 1.0 ml/kg of body weight, which did not differ from those after 7 days after the cessation of subcutaneous administration of the drug in the control group. Further studies will be the next stage of pre-registration tests aimed at studying the embryotoxic and carcinogenic effect of “Celexib,” which is mandatory material of the “Safety and residue studies” section of the dossier for this medicinal product.
Study of acute and subacute toxicity of an immunostimulating drug based on the S-derivative of 1,2,4-triazole
Authors: Labunska O.-L. I. , Hunchak V. M. , Gutyj B. V. , Soltys M. P.
Published: November 2024

In the course of studies of the acute (subacute) toxicity of the newly created drug “Immunokor”, based on the thioderivative 1,2,4-triazole, it was found that with a single oral and intramuscular administration, the DL50 was over 5000 mg/kg b.w. According to the currently existing classification, the drug is classified as toxicity class IV or “low-toxic substances.” During clinical examination of animals, against the background of the action of the studied agent, it was found that the state of the central nervous system and other functional organs in the body of laboratory rats was preserved. Reflex and motor activity had a character appropriate for this type of animal. Significant fluctuations marked body temperature, heart rate (pulse), and respiratory movements but generally were within the reference values. The coats of white rats of the control and experimental groups had preserved color and shine. When applying the studied immunotropic agent to the skin and mucous membranes, there were no local or post-resorptive reactions. When studying the effect of the drug “Immunokor” on the body of laboratory animals, it was found that 28 daily intramuscular administration of the drug did not cause either the death of the experimental animals or the manifestation of clinical signs of the disease. At the same time, it was found that in animals of the 2nd and 3rd experimental groups (when administered 5 and 10 times the therapeutic doses of the studied agent), the weight coefficients of the spleen, heart, and kidneys slightly increased, and the liver mass decreased. The latter, especially in group D3, had a dark red color with spot and focal character inclusions upon macroscopic examination. In addition, it was found that the use of the drug “Immunokor” in a 10-fold therapeutic dose caused an increase in the number of platelets, the number of lymphocytes and monocytes in the blood, and the blood serum - the level of urea, creatinine, and the activity of AST and ALT, against the background of a tendency to decrease in the concentration of hemoglobin, the number of erythrocytes and leukocytes, the value of hematocrit, the average concentration of hemoglobin in the erythrocyte (MCHC), the average content of hemoglobin in the erythrocyte (MCH), the average volume of the erythrocyte (MCV), the number of granulocytes and the concentration of total protein. The identified individual minor changes in hematological and individual biochemical indicators of the blood, as well as changes in the weight coefficients of the liver, kidneys, spleen, and heart, were of a short-term and restorative nature and were, apparently, the result of the body's compensatory reaction to the intake of a significant volume and concentration of the studied substance into the body of laboratory animals.
CYBER SPORTS CLUBS AS BUSINESS ENTITIES
Authors:   National Academy of Management, Kostynets Yulia , Negovska Yulia ,   National Academy of Management
Published: November 2024

The article examines the essence of e-sports clubs as business entities, due to the significant
growth of the e-sports industry and its financial capabilities. It was noted that cyber unites millions
of people around the world, contributing to the development of social ties and interaction between
different population groups. Modern studies related to entrepreneurship in the field of physical education and sports are analyzed. Attention is also paid to the research of Ukrainian scientists studying the integrated development of e-sports clubs.
The article also examines the specifics of cyber clubs as business entities: organization of competitions, training of players, marketing and sponsorship, interaction with fans, use of media and
streaming platforms. Special attention is paid to the integration of cyber with media platforms and
its influence on other cultural spheres, such as cinema, music and fashion. The factors contributing to the development of cyber as a profitable industry in the field of entertainment are determined.
8965cyber, cyber club, cyber product, entrepreneurship, management
ТЕОРЕТИЧНІ АСПЕКТИ АДМІНІСТРАТИВНОГО УПРАВЛІННЯ ЯКІСТЮ НАДАННЯ СОЦІАЛЬНИХ ПОСЛУГ
Authors: Лишенко Маргарита , Лишенко Віталій
Published: November 2024

У статті досліджено теоретичні аспекти адміністративного управління якістю надання соціальних послуг. Визначено поняття «соціальна сфера», яка визначає систему життєдіяльності суспільства із відповідними складовими. Авторами ідентифіковано термін «соціальний», «управління якістю соціальних послуг». Визначено поняття «соціальна послуга», «державна послуга», «адміністративна послуга» та визначено їхні спільні риси. Адміністративне управління якістю надання соціальних послуг є важливою складовою державного управління, яка спрямована на забезпечення ефективного та якісного задоволення потреб населення в соціальній сфері. Теоретичні аспекти цього управління включають кілька ключових елементів: поняття адміністративного управління - це процес планування, організації, контролю та мотивації, спрямований на досягнення високої якості соціальних послуг; функції адміністративного управління - включають планування надання послуг, організацію діяльності установ, контроль якості та коригування дій для підвищення ефективності; нормативно-правове забезпечення: законодавче регулювання, яке включає закони та підзаконні акти, що регламентують порядок надання соціальних послуг, вимоги до якості, права отримувачів послуг та обов'язки постачальників; стандарти якості, які включають розробку та впровадження стандартів якості для різних видів соціальних послуг є основою для оцінки їх ефективності та відповідності. До викликів та проблеми управління якістю відносять: бюрократизація процесів - надмірна регламентація може знижувати гнучкість і здатність адаптуватися до змін у потребах клієнтів; ресурсні обмеження - недостатнє фінансування та обмежені кадрові ресурси можуть впливати на якість надання соціальних послуг. До перспектив розвитку системи управління якістю варто віднести: інновації та технології - впровадження інформаційних технологій для автоматизації процесів та підвищення ефективності управління; інтеграція принципів сталого розвитку - врахування соціальних, економічних та екологічних аспектів у процесі надання соціальних послуг. Адміністративне управління якістю надання соціальних послуг є складним і багатогранним процесом, який вимагає постійного вдосконалення та адаптації до нових викликів і потреб суспільства.
Multiphysics Modeling of Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound Induced Chemotherapeutic Drug Release from the Surface of Gold Nanoparticles
Authors: Hornsby Tyler K. , Moradi Kashkooli Farshad , Jakhmola Anshuman , Kolios Michael C. , Tavakkoli Jahangir (Jahan)
Published: November 2024

Currently, no numerical model for low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS)-triggered anticancer drug release from gold nanoparticle (GNP) drug carriers exists in the literature. In this work, LIPUS-induced doxorubicin (DOX) release from GNPs was achieved in an ex vivo tissue model. Transmission electronic microscopy (TEM) imaging was performed before and after LIPUS exposure, and significant aggregation of the GNPs was observed upon DOX release. Subsequently, GNP surface potential was determined before and after LIPUS-induced DOX release, using a Zetasizer. A numerical model was then created to predict GNP aggregation, and the subsequent DOX release, via combining a thermal field simulation by solving the bioheat transfer equation (in COMSOL) and the Derjaguin, Landau, Verwey, and Overbeek (DLVO) total interaction potential (in MATLAB). The DLVO model was applied to the colloidal DOX-loaded GNPs by summing the attractive van der Waals and electrostatic repulsion interaction potentials for any given GNP pair. DLVO total interaction potential was found before and after LIPUS exposure, and an energy barrier for aggregation was determined. The DLVO interaction potential peak amplitude was found to drop from 1.36 kBT to 0.24 kBT after LIPUS exposure, translating to an 82.4% decrease in peak amplitude value. It was concluded that the interaction potential energy threshold for GNP aggregation (and, as a result, DOX release) was equal to 0.24 kBT.