bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association Between Perceived Community HIV-AIDS Stigma and HIV Testing Behaviors Among High-Risk Heterosexuals in Dallas and Houston, Texas: An Analysis of the National HIV Behavioral Surveillance System
Authors: Lopez Zaida , Mgbere Osaro , Khuwaja Salma , Poe Jonathon , Vaaler Margaret
Published: June 2022

Background: Stigma-related behaviors place a great burden on people with HIV (PWH) or at risk of infection. For high-risk populations, perceived community HIV/AIDS stigma (PCHAS) may prevent early HIV testing, treatment, and care. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of PCHAS and its association with sociodemographic characteristics and HIV testing behaviors among high-risk heterosexuals in Dallas and Houston, Texas. Methods: Data from 1,003 high-risk heterosexuals recruited using respondent-driven sampling in 2013 and obtained from the National HIV Behavioral Surveillance system in Dallas and Houston, Texas were used for this study. Data procured were subjected to descriptive and inferential statistics that included frequency run, chi-square test and univariate logistic regression models to explore the associations between perceived community HIV/AIDS stigma index (PCHASi) and HIV testing behaviors, and sociodemographic characteristics. Results: Participants in both cities were primarily Black/African American, of low income, under poverty level, and uninsured. PCHAS was prevalent in Dallas (58.2%) and Houston (57.5%). The majority of participants in Dallas (76.7%) and Houston (86.6%) indicated ever getting tested for HIV, and about a third had tested at least once in the past 2 years. PCHAS was more common among Hispanics/Latinos (p=0.013) in Houston, and annual income (p=0.032), and homelessness (p=0.016) in the past 12 months were associated with PCHAS in Dallas. Participants in Dallas who were afraid of finding out if they had HIV (PR: 4.41, 95% CI: 1.40-13.9) and those who gave other reasons (PR: 2.64, 95%CI: 1.17-5.95) for not testing for HIV in the past year were more likely to perceive community-level support for the rights of PWH. In Houston, participants who had ever tested for HIV (PR: 2.26, 95% CI: 1.27-3.99) and those who tested 3 times (PR: 3.11, 95% CI: 1.18-8.19) in the past 2 years perceived community-level unfriendliness to PWH. Conclusion: Our study did not establish any clear relationship between PCHAS and HIV testing behaviors. However, perceived community-level fears and unfriendliness to PWH were associated with selected HIV testing behaviors suggesting that HIV knowledge and education at individual- and community-level may be important targets for intervention. Future research should consider the role of social and cultural norms in influencing the relationship between PCHAS and HIV testing behaviors.
Prevalência e impacto das manifestações bucais na qualidade de vida de indivíduos com Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2
Authors: Vieira Liliana de Pinho , Cabral Cláudio W. L. F. , Silva Baldomero Antônio Kato da , Filgueiras Marcelo de Carvalho
Published: June 2022

As desordens causadas pela Diabetes Mellitus (DM) se manifestam na cavidade bucal, alteram os processos de cicatrização e imunológicos, aumentam a susceptibilidade às infecções e, consequentemente, podem afetar a qualidade de vida desses indivíduos. A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo avaliar a prevalência e o impacto das manifestações bucais na qualidade de vida dos indivíduos com Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 e indivíduos sem DM. Seu delineamento se caracterizou como uma pesquisa clínica observacional e transversal, na qual incluiu-se 249 indivíduos com DM, de ambos os sexos e com idades a partir dos 18 anos e 194 indivíduos sem DM, de ambos os sexos, com idades entre os 41 e 70 anos. Todos os participantes foram submetidos às perguntas dos questionários sóciodemográfico e comportamental e OHIP-14, bem como, à avaliação da condição clínica bucal. Os resultados desta investigação, revelaram uma diferença (p<0,05) entre os grupos, para as variáveis manifestações bucais e motivo da última consulta no dentista. Com relação ao impacto na qualidade de vida relacionado a saúde bucal, observou-se diferença entre os grupos (p<0,0001), para todas as dimensões do OHIP. Estes achados sugerem que em indivíduos com DM há um maior risco de desenvolvimento de inflamação gengival, recessão gengival, perdas dentárias precoces, xerostomia, dor ou ardência bucal, cárie dental, candidíase bucal, hiperplasia papilar inflamatória e queilite angular, com uma maior tendência de impacto negativo sobre a Qualidade de Vida, dos mesmos.
An in-depth assessment of convolutional neural networks for rail surface defect detection
Authors: Passos Rebeca Alves da Silva Lemos , Ferreira Matheus Pinheiro , Silva Ben-Hur de Albuquerque e , Lopes Luiz Antonio Silveira , Ribeiro Hugo , Santos Romero Pereira dos
Published: June 2022

The consistent monitoring of rails is based on correctly identifying defects to support corrective measures. Recently, convolutional neural networks (CNN), a deep learning method, have been providing outstanding results for the automatic detection of defects. However, several aspects of CNN-based approaches such as network architecture, transfer learning and processing time remains not fully understood. In this work, we performed an in-depth assessment of ten widely used CNN models with the objective of finding the one with the best performance in identifying defects in rail surface images. The classification results are promising, reaching an average accuracy of 83.7% on detection of mild defects and squat. The Inceptionv3 network provided the best results by correctly identifying 92% of images with severe squat defects.
Dificuldades e desafios enfrentados pelos enfermeiros no pré-natal de alto risco: um estudo fenomenológico
Authors: Silva Eli Borges de Freitas , Silva Jovânia Marques de Oliveira e , Santos Jéssica Diodino da Silva , Leandro Vinícius Luiz Farias Oliveira , Comassetto Isabel , Holanda Juliana Bento de Lima , Tavares Clodis Maria , Silva Meirielly Kellya Holanda da
Published: June 2022

Objetivo: compreender o mundo vida do enfermeiro ao enfrentar dificuldades e desafios no pré-natal de alto risco. Metodologia:estudo do tipo qualitativo de abordagem fenomenológica sendo utilizado como suporte teórico metodológico a sociologia compreensiva de Alfred Schütz. Os cenários de desenvolvimento do estudo foram os quatro ambulatórios de referência para o pré-natal de alto risco de Alagoas: Hospital Universitário Professor Alberto Antunes, em Maceió; Maternidade Escola Santa Mônica, em Maceió; Espaço Nascer, em Arapiraca; e Centro de Assistência à Saúde da Mulher Quitéria Neves, em Santana do Ipanema. Participaram do estudo, sete enfermeiras que prestam assistência às gestantes nos ambulatórios de pré-natal de alto risco de Alagoas. Foram realizadas entrevistas abertas, no local de atuação de cada uma das enfermeiras, guiadas pela seguinte questão disparadora: “Como é para você a experiência de atuar como enfermeiro assistindo gestantes que apresentam alto risco, no pré-natal? Resultados: emergiu a partir dos depoimentos, a categoria temática: mundo vida do enfermeiro enfrentando dificuldades e desafios para atuar no pré-natal de alto risco.Conclusão: os dados analisados permitiram identificar a assistência  desempenhada pelas enfermeiras no cuidado às gestantes, no pré-natal de alto risco em Alagoas, através da identificação dos “motivos porque” e “motivos para” dessa ação profissional e das falas dos sujeitos, desvelando as dificuldades e desafios enfrentados por esses enfermeiros em seu mundo vida.
Qualidade do ar em ambientes internos: Aplicação da “LEI DO PMOC” em evidência mediante a um levantamento em prestadoras de serviços de Minas Gerais
Authors: Carvalho Marlon Francis Medeiros de , Soares Fabrício Carvalho
Published: June 2022

Este estudo, por uma metodologia descritiva e exploratória objetiva realizar um diagnóstico em empresas prestadoras de serviços de sistemas de climatização, acordando a aplicação da lei n° 13.589 de 2018 e da portaria nº 3.523, de 28 de agosto de 1998, legislações brasileiras que se encontram em vigor e trata principalmente da obrigatoriedade de possuir um Plano de Manutenção, Operação e Controle (PMOC) em edificações públicas e coletivas, que dispõe de ambientes climatizados artificialmente, o fito também é proferir a importância do PMOC como uma forma de controle de contaminantes para obter uma boa qualidade do ar em ambientes internos (QAAI), essa que se tornou uma temática de importância mundial, principalmente devido à capacidade de proporcionar aos usuários danos físicos e mentais, é também sobreposto a resolução nº 9/2003, norma criada pela Agência nacional de vigilância Sanitária, a ANVISA, que promove parâmetros de controle que configura como requisitos aceitáveis de concentração de matérias nocivas expostas no ar dos ambientes internos. Para o diagnóstico, adotou-se a técnica Survey, sendo que, na etapa de coleta de dados utilizou-se um questionário baseado em consultas as legislações e referenciais bibliográficos. Como resultado, foi possível mensurar que existem organizações, os contratantes, que não cumpri o PMOC e que algumas dúvidas ainda são desprendidas de aplicar as legislações. Deste modo, essas inconformidades carecem a possibilidade de criar planos de ações para conscientizar, esclarecer e auxiliar as prestadoras e organizações a se adequar aos parâmetros legais.
Use of Thermography in Clinical and Sports Evaluations of Equine Animals: A review
Authors: Silva Taíne Cris Soares da , Mariz Tobyas Maia de Albuquerque , Escodro Pierre Barnabé
Published: June 2022

Thermography in equine medicine is applied in the prevention, diagnosis and prognosis of diseases, as it can detect changes in peripheral blood flow. It can also act in the treatment by monitoring the instituted therapy. Skin infrared imaging thermometry is a method that detects, records, and produces images reflecting the microcirculatory dynamics of the skin surface in real time. The technique emerged from the studies of Hippocrates and has since gone through several advances, reaching significant milestones in the period of World War II, when it was effectively used in the tank's night vision system. In the 1970s, there was a big leap when it was possible to generate an image in five minutes. Several scientific studies point out its functionality both in human medicine and veterinary medicine with precision and practicality. It has been applied in equine sports medicine to clinical practice to assess musculoskeletal injuries as an indicator of physiological stress, assess resistance, be part of the anti-doping program of the International Equestrian Federation. It is an easy to apply, safe, and affordable method It proves to be an excellent non-invasive diagnostic method for athlete horses.
Determinação dos parâmetros microbiológicos, físico-químicos e parasitológico da água de bebedouros presentes em uma unidade hospitalar do Sudoeste da Bahia
Authors: Silva Rafaela Meira , Gama Vítor França Leite , Amorim Aline Teixeira , Portela Fernanda Santos , Silva Tatielle Pereira , Santos Tayanne Andrade dos
Published: June 2022

As características da água podem ser alteradas pelos diferentes componentes presentes, capazes de influenciar os parâmetros físicos, químicos e biológicos, e determinar a qualidade. Para estar adequada ao consumo humano é imprescindível que a água seja potável e para isso, uma constante vigilância deve ser realizada, a fim de atender aos padrões de potabilidade estabelecidos. Este estudo teve como objetivo determinar os parâmetros físico-químicos e microbiológicos, bem como a análise parasitológica, das amostras da água de bebedouros de um hospital particular do sudoeste da Bahia. Os resultados obtidos foram confrontados com os parâmetros determinados pelo Ministério da Saúde (MS) com a justificativa de certificar uma água de qualidade, fornecida no ambiente hospitalar. Trata-se de um estudo de caráter descritivo-exploratório, com características que se baseiam na observação através de métodos quantitativos e qualitativos.  Uma vez que, o uso desses dois métodos, possibilita resultados mais aprofundados e abrangentes da realidade em investigação, assegurando uma melhor compreensão do problema em estudo. As análises para os parâmetros físico-químicos atenderam os padrões de potabilidade estabelecidos pela Portaria 2.914/2011 e foram seguros para as análises parasitológicas. Em relação as análises microbiológicas, os desfechos se mostram insatisfatórios pois apontam a presença de coliformes em uma das amostras estudadas.
Automedicação influenciada pela mídia no Brasil
Authors: Costa Junior Vanilson Silva , Oliveira Ana Lívia Rodrigues de , Amorim Aline Teixeira
Published: June 2022

O objetivo estimar, através de referências e artigos científicos, os impactos causados pela mídia e pelas publicidades de medicamentos, bem como esses fatores aumentam a prática de automedicação, identificando os riscos de saúde que a mesma pode ocasionar na população. O presente estudo trata-se de uma revisão de literatura integrativa, baseada a partir de um estudo bibliográfico, a qual tem como objetivo alcançar profundo entendimento de um determinado fenômeno com base em estudos anteriores. O farmacêutico desempenha um papel importante na uma oferta de medição para evitar o uso irracional de drogas, ser um especialista que pretenda prestar assistência médica, de acordo com lei e código de conduta, serviços de garantia, e acesso a medicamentos, atendimento administrativo especializado e consciência dos perigos das reações adversas, interações medicamentosas e dependência de drogas. Nesse sentido, o farmacêutico é considerado um promotor de saúde e deve fornecer informações ao usuário que escolherá o melhor produto prevenção e tratamento de doenças, principalmente quando o paciente opta a prática da automedicação. O farmacêutico também é responsável por identificar sinais e sintomas de problemas de saúde e tomar decisões, aconselhar o encaminhamento do paciente a um médico. A população é muito influenciada por anúncios de medicamentos, que produzem automedicação indiscriminadamente. Nota-se ao ver nos estudos a dificuldade dos profissionais médicos diariamente no exercício do papel de direcionar o uso efetivo de remédios, a prática da automedicação sempre foi utilizada por muito tempo, principalmente pela dificuldade de acesso da população no sistema de saúde. A publicidade destina-se a destacar o produto também como resultado do aumento de suas vendas, deixando de lado, em muitos casos, às vezes, informações sobre a segurança do medicamento, como efeitos colaterais, reações adversas e interações medicamentosas, mostrando apenas seus benefícios e indicadores.
Tendências de hospitalizações por acidente vascular cerebral no Ceará 2009-2020
Authors: Braz Antônio Igor Duarte , Araújo Samila Torquato , Pereira Maíra Barroso , Mendonça Francisco Antônio da Cruz , Rabêlo Dieison Roberto Vieira , Macêdo André Luiz Coutinho Araújo , Guimarães Manoel Pedro Guedes , Medeiros Melissa Soares
Published: June 2022

Objetivo: Analisar a tendência de hospitalizações por acidente vascular cerebral (AVC) na população adulta no estado do Ceará, Brasil. Métodos: Estudo ecológico com desenho de séries temporais, realizado a partir de duas bases de dados secundárias, sendo elas o Sistema de Informações Hospitalares do Sistema Único de Saúde (SIH/SUS) e o Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE) do Ceará e suas regiões de saúde, no período de 2009 a 2020.  Resultados: Do total de hospitalizações por AVC no Ceará, obteve-se uma média de 7.981,5 internações, observando aumento gradativo a partir de 2012, com ápice em 2019 (9.485/ano). Pacientes com idade entre 70 e 79 anos apresentaram maior média anual de internações (2.072,4/ano). O número absoluto de óbitos hospitalares foi de 3.277 em 2009 a 2.750 em 2020, tendo uma redução de aproximadamente 16,08%. Quanto às regiões de saúde no Ceará, foi possível observar uma tendência crescente de internações no Litoral Leste, Sertão Central e Norte. Conclusão: O Ceará apresentou uma tendência crescente de hospitalizações por AVC nos últimos 11 anos, com faixa etária predominante de 70 a 79 anos. Apesar do aumento das hospitalizações houve uma redução no número absoluto de óbitos hospitalares.
ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN MATEMATIS SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR PADA PEMBELAJARAN DARING
Authors: Kurniawati Rika , Bintoro Henry Suryo , Ulya Himmatul
Published: June 2022

This study aims to analyze the ability to understand mathematical concepts of students in inline learning who have low, mdium, and high levels of mathematical ability. This study used a qualitative method with the type of case study research. This research was conducted by taking 6 research subjects from grade 4. Data collection techniques in this study were observation, tests, interviews, and documentation. The results of this study indicate that students who have low mathematical abilities have achieved 2 indicators, students who have moderate mathematical abilities have reached 4 indicators, and students who have high mathematical abilities have been able to achieve 6 indicators.
Is Organic Food Good for Health and the Environment?
Authors: Durbul Ahmad , Fertő Imre , Zaien Samir
Published: June 2022

Global organic food consumption has increased significantly in the last decade. Organic product agriculture is a one-of-a-kind technique that strikes a balance between environmental sustainability and consumer safety by developing a good client relationship with the end customer or consumer group. According to environmental studies, organic farming is less damaging to the environment than traditional agricultural methods. Recent studies show that customers who eat organic foods have lower pesticide exposure, which results in fewer human diseases. Organic food has more nutrients. However, the evidence to support this is lacking, and no well-designed human study has shown any direct health benefits or disease prevention benefits from consuming organically produced food. Furthermore, some researchers mention that for some types of plants, the nutrients in the case of conventional products were better. This study aims to identify the benefits of organic foods over conventional foods and consumers' beliefs about health and environmental benefits associated with organic foods. Secondary data for this research have been gathered from different international journals and the Internet, utilizing information from a variety of scholarly publications. The author addresses the present state of organic farming, as well as the benefits and disadvantages of consuming organic and conventional food,. The article has also investigated the effects of organic and conventional food production on both health and the environment.
A Study on the Analysis of Cultural Heritage Guide Materials as Public Language: Focusing on the Analysis of Cultural Heritage Guide in Andong
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Kang Soyeong
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this study is to analyze the cultural heritage guide data, which can be said to be a representative type of public language from the perspective of immigrants living in Korea, to clarify problems, and to suggest improvement directions so that they can efficiently understand the information of cultural assets through public language. The cultural heritage guide material is a guide material for immigrants to understand the culture and values of Korea, and has useful value as an actual educational material. In particular, cultural heritage information materials have the characteristics of a public language that conveys Korean history and cultural facts at tourist attractions. To this end, data on Hahoe Village, Confucian academy(Seowon: Byeongsanseowon, Dosanseowon), and Manhyujeong were collected and analyzed among the representative cultural heritages of the Andong region to communicate the official language of foreign migrants. Information materials were used as research subjects for information, guidebooks, and video-produced content materials that can be used as real education materials. Problem analysis derived problems at the level of language regulation, vocabulary level, information level, and culture level based on accuracy and communication from the perspective of immigrants. As a result of the analysis, in terms of accuracy, there are many misrepresentations of the language regulations, and vocabulary grades are also difficult to understand due to the high-level vocabulary. It was confirmed that there was also a problem with the degree of communication in the level of information and culture. In the future, the direction of public language should be renewed by expanding immigrants to members of society, and in order to communicate and coexist with them, cultural heritage guidance materials should be carefully reviewed in terms of accuracy and communication and continuously improved.
An Exploration of the Art Characteristics of Li ShuTong’s XueTang Music: Focusing in
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Li Shengguo , Hong Sungkyoo
Published: June 2022

Western music officially entered China in 1842 and spread rapidly within several decades, becoming a means for Chinese people to save the country at that time. Intellectuals accepted Western ideas and at the same time emancipated the feudal thoughts of ordinary people, Xuetang music were born. This study will investigate the channels and acceptance process of Western music flowing into China, and analyze literature such as tunes and lyrics of school music songs, so as to understand the creation concept and purpose of Xuetang music songs. This study for the Xuetang music musician Li Shutong’s song “Song bie” creation background and investigation of the source of the melody and the lyrics on the surface of the mean. so as to grasp the song contains Chinese traditional aesthetics and artistic value. Li Shutong and other musicians of Xuetang Music combined Chinese traditional aesthetics with Western music, and derived many works containing Chinese and Western artistic flavor. It was the bold experimentation of artists like Li Shutong that helped advance Chinese music and inspired future generations.
주판의 현대적 수학교구로서의 재해석
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Min Gwi-Young
Published: June 2022

The research goal of this study is to explore the direction of the abacus by reinterpreting the role and utility of the abacus in a modern way to highlight what advantages it can be and to apply it to future learners and educational fields. Abacus education using an abacus needs to be approached from the perspectives of ‘Practical Education Theory’ and ‘Experience-oriented Education Theory’, which have a theoretical basis for experiential learning. With the development of math and arithmetic skills through the abacus learning using the teaching aid, future learners can raise their mathematical competence by positively forming a mathematical attitude such as awareness, interest, and self-concept of the subject. In order for this, the recognition of the abacus teaching aid needs to be diversified. This study suggested that the usefulness of the abacus, as a concrete manipulative, can be the tool to raise students' ‘affective competency’ for the development of mathematical skills such as attitude and interest, not just a numerical and arithmetic teaching aid. The harmonious development of both cognitive and affective achievement is important to enable students to engage in learning while maintaining interest in mathematics subjects. For this purpose, it is important for students to gain confidence in math classes, and abacus learning can be actively used in the educational field in terms of improving confidence in math classes.
The Deepening of Colonization of Leisure by Smartphones before and after COVID-19: Focusing on the National Leisure Activity Survey and the Korean Media Panel Survey
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Kim Hyungsoo , Lee Hokyu
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this study is to compare the proportion of the time spent on smartphones in South Korean’s leisure life from the perspective on colonization of leisure and explore its implications before and after COVID-19. In other words, analyzing data of ‘The National Leisure Activity Survey’ and ‘The Korean Media Panel Survey’ from 2019 to 2020, this study intended to examine whether the proportion and influence of smartphones in South Korean’s leisure time have increased since the outbreak of COVID-19. The key findings are as follows. Firstly, compared to the period before COVID-19, leisure time increased on both weekdays and holidays, and the time to use smart devices including smartphones during leisure time also increased. Second, it was found that the percentage of time spent using smart devices during leisure time has increased by nearly 20% since COVID-19, accounting for more than half of leisure time. In particular, teenagers accounted for 80% and those in their 20s and 30s accounted for more than 70%. Third, the number of smartphone users increased in most time windows measured in every 15 minutes for 24 hours a day except for sleep time. Fourth, when smartphones were used simultaneously with other media, the number of users increased the most from 7 p.m. to 10 p.m. called ‘Prime Time’, which is assumed to be due to the increase in the number of people watching TV and using smartphones at the same time. Lastly, Though TV still accounted for a large part of our leisure time, it is found that smartphone is the medium that controls the rhythm of our daily lives. Taken as a whole, the deepening of colonization of leisure by smartphones after COVID-19 has been verified. In this vein, we suggested that future studies should be conducted critically in consideration of the economic and technical systems related to smartphones, such as platforms and algorithms that induce excessive use of smartphones.
Comparison of two films from a feminist perspective  and
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Kim Sungeun
Published: June 2022

This thesis analyzed two kinds of films with a gap of 17 years, ‘Shallow Hal’ and ‘I Feel Pretty’ and focused on male/female-oriented character, and visual images in order to find what different perspectives the two films have with respect to the female body. The film ‘Shallow Hal’ is like a fantasy that the male protagonist, ‘Hal’ has a strong female bias went into hypnosis and fat and ugly women looks slim to him. According to ‘I Feel Pretty’, the female protagonist, ‘René’ who lacks confidence in her looks fell under a spell one day and sees her appearance beautiful even though the same to others. Although both of the films have a common setting of ‘Their appearance looks beautiful’, the film ‘I Feel Pretty’ focuses on women’s positions and shows the modern world thus, it is different from ‘Shallow Hal’ which focuses men’s positions. As the perception of women’s appearance has changed after feminist movement, it is significant to compare the two films with a time difference.
Effects of Musical Instrument Ensemble Music Therapy on the Self-Expression and Sociality of Adolescents with Neurodevelopmental Disabilities: Focusing on Intellectual and Autism Spectrum Disorders
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Yoo Ahjung , Nam Hyunwoo
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of musical and non-musical activities of traditional music, which consisted of various types of musical instruments, on the selfexpression and sociality of adolescents diagnosed with neurodevelopmental disorder. To find out this, the 00 School of Culture and Arts in Cheongju operated a program for five disabled people registered under the Welfare of Persons with Disabilities Act (two high school students with autism or intellectual disabilities and three middle school students). In the first and last sessions of the program, self-expression and social technology evaluation scales were measured, and video filming and activity records were made for each session. It was revealed by the nonparametric statistical method Wilcoxon test that Korean traditional music therapy using musical instrument ensemble improved self-expression and social skills of adolescents with developmental disabilities, and the degree of improvement by sub-variable of self-expression and social skills was graphically shown. The relationship between Korean traditional music treatment and self-expression and social performance of adolescents with developmental disabilities was discussed based on previous studies, and subsequent research tasks were presented.
A Phenomenological Study on the Lived Experiences of Relapse of Alcohol Dependent Females
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Kang Sunkyung , Lee Joonggyo
Published: June 2022

This study analyzed Giorgi phenomenology research method that can examine subjective life conditions and experiences from the perspective of the parties in order to examine the recurrence experiences that took place in the context of specific aspects and time of female alcohol dependents. To this end, the 5 consented adult women who were admitted to the hospital more than once due to the diagnosis of drinking problems were selected as participants. As a result of the analysis, 6 revealed structures and 23 semantic definitions were derived through the essential structure of ‘Time Counterattack’ and ‘The mind is already a drink’ ‘repeated learning’. Through the results of the study, it was possible to find a recurrence experience due to psychological and standard factors, social and family support, hospitality, and withdrawal symptoms of female alcohol dependents. In particular, it was confirmed that the internal and external experiences generated in relation to the family among the recurrence factors had a direct effect on the recurrence, and the importance of a social gathering without drinking was explored to prevent recurrence. Through the fact that family and social support have a significant influence on the recurrence of female alcoholics, policy proposals were presented to prevent recurrence of in-depth interviews with families in order to discover the phenomenon of recurrence of female alcoholics.
Validation of the Readiness to Engage in Interreligious Dialogue Test(REDIT) for Korean
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Jeong Jisun , Kim Jesun , Jang Aekyung , Koh Geumjoung , Shin Yunjeong
Published: June 2022

Interreligious Dialogue is needed to reduce prejudice and conflicts in Korean society as a multi-religious society. This study examined validated the Korean version of the Readiness to Engage in Interreligious Dialogue Test(REDIT) that measures readiness to engage in dialogue on religious topics and to understand other religious affiliations. Using exploratory factor analysis with 254 participants, it was found that a three factors(curiosity on religious topics, attitude towards mutual understanding, emotion involvement) with 25 items. Confirmatory factor analysis conducted with 245 participants and a three factor model has acceptable model fit. Further, associations with other variables supported criterion, convergent, predictive validity of the K-REDIT. The incremental validity was also supported. The K-REDIT can contribute to address incidents of religious discrimination and inequality in Korea. It has an implication that it provides information on what characteristics are needed as a factor to prepare for dialogue between religions. Finally, there is a limitation in that the possibility of generalization should be increased through sampling including various age groups.
Risk management to increase cultivation of hybrid rice for improved food security in Bangladesh: a proposed framework
Authors: Pervez A.K.M. Kanak , Uddin Md. Ektear , Gao Qijie
Published: June 2022

Bangladesh and its more than 16 million people face an imminent food crisis as the population rises and arable land decreases due to urbanization, erosion, and climate change. To prevent mass hunger by 2050, we need to increase rice output rapidly, is to grow hybrid rice, as China did in the 1980s. This can work, but a government attempt to introduce hybrid rice in the 1990s and 2000s fell flat. Sticky hybrid rice consumption went against Bangladeshi food culture. This discouraged farmers as well as many other risks they encountered when trying to grow hybrid rice. Unlike traditional rice, hybrid rice gave no seeds for the next year, and hybrid rice seed markets were unreliable and often fake. So, fewer Bangladeshi farmers are growing hybrid rice than in 2009, as more hybrid rice is increasing exponentially. This paper considers all the risks faced by a Bangladeshi farmer trying to grow hybrid rice faces. Then it assesses what policy measures are needed to manage those risks. From this consideration, the authors develop an integrated policy to surge hybrid rice cultivation in Bangladesh to increase total rice production by 2050 by at least 83%. The authors used a qualitative survey, key informant interviewing with snowball sampling, focus group discussions, and used published materials for the research methodology. Thematic approach method using Nvivo 12 software was applied for data analysis. Yet, it all implicitly hangs on changing Bangladeshi consumers' cultural preference from non-glutinous to glutinous rice, without which all of the policy changes will be too much for Bangladeshis to eat.
An Empirical Examination of the Factors of Data Literacy
Authors: Nath Ravi , Kirby Joseph
Published: June 2022

To fully leverage the abundance of data and how data enhances decision-making, people must be data literate. Data literacy (DL) encompasses a set of interrelated skills in data management, data analysis, and the ability to interpret and communicate the results. Measuring an individual's DL level is an important first step toward designing and developing educational programs to improve one's DL skills. This paper considers a DL measurement scale referred to as the Global Data Literacy Benchmark survey and then explores the underlying constructs of this instrument. Data gathered from 311 university students across five universities in the United States is analyzed to identify and interpret the underlying factors of this DL scale. Also, the differences in DL scores among various subgroups of the students are investigated. The results show the existence of three DL factors. Also, the DL scores vary considerably among students depending upon the study areas and the comfort levels with data and analytics.
HEMISECTION AS A CONSERVATIVE TREATMENT OPTION OF BIFURCATION PERFORATION: CASE REPORT
Authors: Aristiyanto Regia , Kartikaningtyas Aqilla Tiara
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Hemisection is sectioning and removal of one root and its crown portion on multi-rooted teeth. Hemisection denotes a conservative treatment option for large bifurcation perforation, loss of periodontal attachment and was performed to maintain the original teeth structure. This case report aims is to present the management of hemisection of a mandibular first molar with crown rehabilitation. Case and Management: A 16-year-old male complained of pain while biting on his right lower teeth. Clinical examination showed deep caries on the occlusal surface, the tooth has a positive response on percussion and palpation tests. The mobility test was positive on the mesial root and crown. Based on periapical radiographic examination, there was a radiolucent feature extended to the bifurcation area. The diagnosis was pulp necrosis and symptomatic apical periodontitis accompanied by bifurcation perforation. Root canal treatment and hemisection were performed to remove infected tissue, and the remaining part of the teeth was restored with a porcelain-supported fixed prosthesis. Conclusion: Hemisection can be a suitable conservative treatment for teeth with extensive damage and has a good long-term prognosis.
ANTIBACTERIAL EFFECTIVENESS OF BEETROOT AGAINST STREPTOCOCCUS MUTANS
Authors: Yasmin Ulfa , Adjiedarmo Ibnu , Christianti Yulia , Sulistiawati Sulistiawati , Negara Mellani Cindera
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Antibacterial effectiveness is the level of an antibacterial agent’s ability in controlling bacteria through growth-inhibiting or killing activities. A natural antibacterial agent that has the potential to be used as an alternative is beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.) because it contains phenolic compounds, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and betalains. Antibacterial agents have been widely used as preventive for dental caries in children with the main causative bacteria being Streptococcus mutans. This study aims to evaluate the antibacterial effectiveness of beetroot extract against Streptococcus mutans. Methods: This study was in vitro experimental laboratory study with a post-test-only control group design. The maceration method used to obtain beetroot extract which will diluted into various concentrations, 12,500 μg/ml, 25,000 μg/ml, 50,000 μg/ml, and 100,000 μg/ml. Antibacterial effectiveness was tested by measuring the inhibition zone using disc diffusion, determining the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) using broth dilution, and the Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) using agar dilution with 0,2% chlorhexidine gluconate as the positive control. Analysis of inhibition zone data was performed statistically using one-way ANOVA and Tukey Post Hoc. MIC and MBC tests were analyzed descriptively. Results: The results show all concentrations of beetroot extract were able to form an inhibition zone with the largest mean was 0.40 ± 0.05 mm, but still lower than the positive control. MIC and MBC of extract were 25,000 μg/ml and 50,000 μg/ml respectively. Conclusion: It can be concluded that beetroot extract has antibacterial effectiveness against Streptococcus mutans, therefore it can be used as a natural alternative for dental caries prevention.
Identification of Two Novel Fluorinases From Amycolatopsis sp. CA-128772 and Methanosaeta sp. PtaU1.Bin055 and a Mutant With Improved Catalytic Efficiency With Native Substrate
Authors: Feng Xinming , Cao Yujin , Liu Wei , Xian Mo
Published: June 2022

Fluoride plays an important role in the fields of materials and medicine. Compared with chemical synthesis, fluorinases are natural catalysts with more application potential, which provide a green and effective way to obtain organofluorine. However, the application of fluorinases is limited by certain factors, such as the limited number of enzymes and their low activity. In this work, two new fluorinases from Amycolatopsis sp. CA-128772 and Methanosaeta sp. PtaU1.Bin055 were identified by gene mining and named Fam and Fme, respectively. The activities of these two enzymes were reported for the first time, and Fme showed good thermal stability, which was different from the reported fluorinases. In addition, the activity toward natural substrate of Fam was improved by site-directed mutagenesis, the catalytic efficiency (kcat/Km) of the best mutant containing two amino acid substitutions (T72A and S164G) toward the substrate S-adenosyl-L-methionine was improved by 2.2-fold compared to the wild-type. Structural modeling analysis revealed that the main reason for the increased enzyme activity might be the formation of a new substrate channel. Experimental evidence suggests that the substrate channel may indeed play a key role in regulating the function of the fluorinases.
A Review on Fused Pyrimidine Systems as EGFR Inhibitors and Their Structure–Activity Relationship
Authors: Yadav Tanuja T. , Moin Shaikh Gulam , Kumar Maushmi S. , Chintamaneni Meena , YC Mayur
Published: June 2022

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) belongs to the family of tyrosine kinase that is activated when a specific ligand binds to it. The EGFR plays a vital role in the cellular proliferation process, differentiation, and apoptosis. In the case of cancer, EGFR undergoes uncontrolled auto-phosphorylation that results in increased cellular proliferation and decreased apoptosis, causing cancer promotion. From the literature, it shows that pyrimidine is one of the most commonly studied heterocycles for its antiproliferative activity against EGFR inhibition. The authors have collated some interesting results in the heterocycle-fused pyrimidines that have been studied using different cell lines (sensitive and mutational) and in animal models to determine their activity and potency. It is quite clear that the fused systems are highly effective in inhibiting EGFR activity in cancer cells. Therefore, the structure–activity relationship (SAR) comes into play in determining the nature of the heterocycle and the substituents that are responsible for the increased activity and toxicity. Understanding the SAR of heterocycle-fused pyrimidines will help in getting a better overview of the molecules concerning their activity and potency profile as future EGFR inhibitors.
Recent Advances in Signal Amplification to Improve Electrochemical Biosensing for Infectious Diseases
Authors: Zhou Xingcheng , Schuh Daena A. , Castle Lauren M. , Furst Ariel L.
Published: June 2022

The field of infectious disease diagnostics is burdened by inequality in access to healthcare resources. In particular, “point-of-care” (POC) diagnostics that can be utilized in non-laboratory, sub-optimal environments are appealing for disease control with limited resources. Electrochemical biosensors, which combine biorecognition elements with electrochemical readout to enable sensitive and specific sensing using inexpensive, simple equipment, are a major area of research for the development of POC diagnostics. To improve the limit of detection (LOD) and selectivity, signal amplification strategies have been applied towards these sensors. In this perspective, we review recent advances in electrochemical biosensor signal amplification strategies for infectious disease diagnostics, specifically biosensors for nucleic acids and pathogenic microbes. We classify these strategies into target-based amplification and signal-based amplification. Target-based amplification strategies improve the LOD by increasing the number of detectable analytes, while signal-based amplification strategies increase the detectable signal by modifying the transducer system and keep the number of targets static. Finally, we argue that signal amplification strategies should be designed with application location and disease target in mind, and that the resources required to produce and operate the sensor should reflect its proposed application, especially when the platform is designed to be utilized in low-resource settings. We anticipate that, based on current technologies to diagnose infectious diseases, incorporating signal-based amplification strategies will enable electrochemical POC devices to be deployed for illnesses in a wide variety of settings.
Assessment of Blood Pressure Using Only a Smartphone and Machine Learning Techniques: A Systematic Review
Authors: Haugg Fridolin , Elgendi Mohamed , Menon Carlo
Published: June 2022

Regular monitoring of blood pressure (BP) allows for early detection of hypertension and symptoms related to cardiovascular disease. Measuring BP with a cuff requires equipment that is not always readily available and it may be impractical for some patients. Smartphones are an integral part of the lives of most people; thus, detecting and monitoring hypertension with a smartphone is likely to increase the ability to monitor BP due to the convenience of use for many patients. Smartphones lend themselves to assessing cardiovascular health because their built-in sensors and cameras provide a means of detecting arterial pulsations. To this end, several image processing and machine learning (ML) techniques for predicting BP using a smartphone have been developed. Several ML models that utilize smartphones are discussed in this literature review. Of the 53 papers identified, seven publications were evaluated. The performance of the ML models was assessed based on their accuracy for classification, the mean error measure, and the standard deviation of error for regression. It was found that artificial neural networks and support vector machines were often used. Because a variety of influencing factors determines the performance of an ML model, no clear preference could be determined. The number of input features ranged from five to 233, with the most commonly used being demographic data and the features extracted from photoplethysmogram signals. Each study had a different number of participants, ranging from 17 to 5,992. Comparisons of the cuff-based measures were mostly used to validate the results. Some of these ML models are already used to detect hypertension and BP but, to satisfy possible regulatory demands, improved reliability is needed under a wider range of conditions, including controlled and uncontrolled environments. A discussion of the advantages of various ML techniques and the selected features is offered at the end of this systematic review.
Paleoenvironmental Changes Since the Late Pleistocene Revealed by Ostracodes Record in Changmu Co., Western Tibet
Authors: Song Gao , Wang Hailei
Published: June 2022

A 4.9-m profile (BG-1) in Changmu Co., western Tibet, provides a continuous climate record from the Late Pleistocene to mid-Holocene on the basis of ostracode assemblages and shell trace elements. The results show six distinct climate change zones from 23.4 to 4.9 ka BP based on U-Th dating. The climate remained extremely cold until 13 ka BP because of the influence of the Last Glacial Maximum, which was indicated by the rare ostracodes occurring in this period. After that, the temperature rose gradually and the paleolake (Changmu Co.) enlarged. The ostracode assemblage during this period had high abundance and diversity, although the dominance of cold-water species and low Mg/Ca ratios indicate that the climate was still cold. More runoff water from a relatively warm climate entering into the lake, suggested by the increased U/Ca and Mn/Ca, led to a high lake level of 13–10.5 ka BP; this trend was also verified by the decreasing Sr/Ca values. The climate changed from humid to drought between 10.5 and 7.9 ka BP, which was inferred from the decreased abundance of ostracodes; however, there was a short humid period from 9.5 to 9.2 ka BP suggested by increased U/Ca and Mn/Ca ratios. A gradual transition to a humid environment began at 7.9 ka BP and ended at 5.3 ka BP. After this period, an extremely arid climate occurred after rising temperature and increasing evaporation, indicated by sharply increased Mg/Ca and Sr/Ca ratios. Eventually, the Changmu Co. paleolake shrank and dried up at some time after 4.9 ka BP. The changes in paleoclimate in Changmu Co. since the Late Pleistocene corresponded well to changes that occurred in the Westerlies-dominated Central Asia, suggesting that the climate in this region was mainly controlled by Westerlies circulation.