bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Attitudes of School Administrations Towards Physical EducationLesson in Light of the Emerging Covid-19 Pandemic and Its Consequences
Authors: Mahdi Mohsen Elias  , Bashar salah Gabar
Published: March 2024

The current study sheds light on knowing the trends of primary school administrations towards activating the physical education lesson within the curriculum approved by the Education Committee according to the decisions regarding canceling some unnecessary school curricula from the point of view of the crisis cell and the Ministry of Education, as the problem emerged through follow-up and observation until the cancellation Physical education study causes some problems and disturbances for the physical education teacher as a functional aspect, considering that he is entrusted with an educational curriculum on the one hand, and the problem of students complaining about not practicing sports during their time in the school and boredom from scientific lessons on the other hand, and as much as the matter related to the school administration by stating its opinion about the importance of studying physical education And the possibility of placing it within the daily schedule, even for one lesson and for each stage, and it does not affect the time of the remaining subjects or the health of the students. The researchers used the descriptive approach for its suitability and the nature of the research, and the research community consisted of the primary schools administrations of the Baghdad Education Directorate, Rusafa Al Thani / Municipalities Sector, whose number is (54) schools. As for the research sample, it included (50) departments, as the sample was randomly selected with a percentage of (93) %). Then the results are presented, analyzed and discussed by using appropriate statistical means. The two researchers reached some conclusions from the most important trends of school administrations that were positive towards studying physical education, and the researcher recommended the need to pay attention to the study of physical education as it develops and develops the health, psychological and social factor of schoolchildren
A Comparative Mechanical Analysis by Using AutoCAD and AutoMatlab Programs of the Front Hands Jump in Gymnastics
Authors: Abi Ramiz Abdulghani  , Layth Mohammed shawkat  , Zyad tareq hamed
Published: March 2024

As a result of the researchers’ realization that there are a small number of researchers who are good at kinetic analysis using the computer and who also spend several hours to extract biomechanical variables for their research on it, the researchers wonder, can we program a mechanism to extract the largest number of biomechanical variables with high accuracy and in a very short time? Which will save time for the analyst to extract his research variables, and the hypothesis of the research included obtaining the results of the values of the research variables in a very accurate and identical way to the results of the values of the variables that are extracted through the analytical programs currently in force. For its convenience and the nature of the research.
The Use a physical Program to Develop Special Endurance and its Effectiveness on Achievement of Player Runners (400 m) Freestyle Applicants
Authors: Ali Nuri Ali  , Maher Awad  , Zineb Hassen
Published: March 2024

The oldest scientific presentations in all fields around the world, including the sports field, as numbers and levels developed in all sports sports. Athletics, which had the largest share of distinctive numbers during the time period and athletic events. This development is through the use of training corridors and linking training with many different different sports sciences Including biology, mechanics, and the different use of different scientific training intensity. The research problem came through the presence of weakness in many physical abilities, including the stamina of the 400m free runners and lack of physical preparation before participating in the competition, which negatively affects their level of achievement in the race and the main research goal came in preparing a physical program for special endurance to develop endurance and speed Strength which helps improve achievement As the curriculum consisted of a set of physical exercises for developing special endurance capacity in accordance with the Labor and Ability Law, which helps to develop speed endurance among athletes, which helps improve achievement. As the researcher concluded the importance of this program in developing special endurance, which helps in performance and the ability to maintain special endurance in the race. Accordingly, the researcher recommended the importance of introducing special physical programs to develop special endurance in the training process of 400m players.
The Effect of Harmonic Exercises in Agility, Motor Compatibility and Accuracy of Striking Skill Volleyball Crusher for Young Players
Authors: Hamed Mouloud Makhlaf
Published: March 2024

Harmonic exercises are one of the requirements that the athlete needs at a high level, especially the abilities of compatibility and agility. Compatibility for the development of agility, motor compatibility, and accuracy of the skill of overwhelming volleyball. As for the problem of the research, through the researcher’s field experience, he noticed the lack of use of harmonic exercises in the training units for young players, as these exercises are important and interrelated with the performance of basic skills that lead to raising the level of performance, so the researcher sought to prepare harmonic exercises because the ability of compatibility is one of the main pillars in Building the correct motor and skill performance and cannot be ignored in all cases. What increased the importance of the research is the lack of research and scientific studies for these exercises The aim of the research is: preparing harmonic exercises, as well as identifying the effect of harmonic exercises in agility, motor compatibility, and the accuracy of the skill of crushing hitting the volleyball court for young players. As for the research hypothesis, there is an effect of harmonic exercises in agility, motor compatibility, and the accuracy of the skill of crushing hitting on the volleyball field for young players. As for the research methodology and field procedures, the researcher used the experimental method to solve the research problem, and the research community was identified with the 12 players of the Habbaniyah Sports Club and they were distributed to two groups equally by random method (the lottery) and after preparing the harmonic exercises and conducting exploratory experiments, then conducting The tribal tests on the experimental and control groups, after which the experimental group was subjected to the use of harmonic exercises, while the control group continued using the usual training method of the trainer, and after (8) weeks, the post tests were conducted, then the data was processed using the appropriate statistical means. As for the most important conclusions, they were: The harmonic exercises prepared by the researcher contributed to the development of agility and motor compatibility for young players in volleyball. The most important recommendations were: the necessity of using harmonic exercises when training young players because they contribute to the development of motor abilities and basic skills in volleyball, as well as the possibility of conducting similar studies on other activities and skills.
Predicting the level of technical performance by indicating the Hook (side punch) and, the blasting power of arms as the basis of selecting juniors in boxing
Authors: Ahmed Qasim Kazem, Saif Ali Muhammad, Abbas Fadel Alwan
Published: March 2024

The problem of the research is lurking in informing the researchers and their inquiries about the function of the coaches in the institutions that are specialized in preparing and developing the junior players and the modest experience of researchers. They observed a phenomenon lying in the randomness of coaches in picking their players depending on subjective judgments and lack of using objective tests, in the addition to the rarity of studies that pertain to predicting this age groups in terms of physical and skill indicators which do not determine the suitable standards for their age level. The research aimed to identify the level of the Hook (side punch) performance and the blasting power of arms for the junior players and finding the correlational between the Hook (side punch) test and the blasting power of arms and finding scales (grades and levels) for the used tests and deriving predictive formula for the technical performance by indicating the Hook (side punch) and, the blasting power of arms as the basis of selecting juniors in boxing .The researchers assumed that there is a correlation between the Hook (side punch) test and the blasting power of arms, they used the descriptive method due to its relevance to the nature of the problem, the researchers identified the research population by using the purposive method which are the junior sixteen players of Hilla sport club .The research sample had been selected in the random method which are fourteen players formed 87.5% percentage from the original research population .The researchers used a set of tests for blasting power and technical performance of the Hook (side punch) skill when they concluded :Researchers found the measurement of the Hook (side punch) and the blasting power of the arms for the junior players of boxing.Calibers had been found (grades and levels for the used tests).Correlations and predicting formulas had been found for technical performance level.The researchers recommended the following 1-Coaches and experts should concentrate on the blasting power of arms in selecting talented juniors in boxing.2- Coaches should pay attention to the mechanism of selecting and choosing talented players in the other sports in term of focusing on the main characteristic of the game.3-Doing other studies and researches care about perfect mechanism in selecting talented players of different sports.
The effect of using an aid to Improve the Accuracy of the Free - Throw skill and the percentage of basketball players Wheelchair
Authors: Nufal qahtan muhammed
Published: March 2024

The researcher set research objectives in preparing and using a proposed auxiliary means to know its effect the accuracy of the free throw skill and the percentage of basketball players possession on wheelchairs, the researcher followed the research safety of the method used, and the researcher was imposing two direction in the presence of the differences between the pre and post standards, the research was carried out by choosing the experimental approach on a sample of 12 wheelchair basketball players, representing AL Anbar club for the disabled, they were divided into two equal groups, the experimental group is subject to the independent variable ( the auxiliary method) when applying free throw exercises, while the method was withheld from group a control, and that both groups use the same curriculum exercises prepared by the trainer, and the researcher reached a number of conclusion, including that the positive effect was clear to the means to help improve the accuracy of the free throw in basketball as well as the percentage of retention of the experimental group, and the most important recommendation that the researcher came out with it is the use of the proposed auxiliary method in the learning and training process for the free throw skill of basketball players in wheelchairs
The role and competence of physical education teachers in the processes of selection and psychological guidance in preparatory schools
Authors: Amina Karim Hussein, .SAADULLA SAEED, Abbas Majeed Qadi
Published: March 2024

The aim of the study: To know the role of the competence of a professor of physical education and sports in the selection process, to know the role of the competence of a professor of physical education and sports in the process of psychological guidance.Research hypotheses for the competence of a professor of physical education, a role in the selection process in middle school,The proficiency of a professor of physical education and sports has a role in the process of psychological guidance in middle school.The study sample: 30 physical education teachers were chosen randomly, and the curriculum followed: the descriptive approach was chosen to suit the nature of the study.The research tool used: the questionnaire tool. Teaching in general and teaching physical and sports adoption, especially in Iraq, are among the professions that are therefore of great importance in preparing future generations, which take upon themselves the task of developing and building society and supporting development, which are considered the most important goals of developing countries which they are trying to achieve, whatever they are For teaching to be weak in terms of goals and tasks, the goal of preparing the student scientifically, educationally, ethically, culturally, mathematically and socially will remain the primary goal among those goals.The theoretical background and previous studies are the first starting point for researchers at the beginning of his study, in which researchers collect information and theory, which is therefore related to the subject of the study and helps explain the results obtained, as well as inferring them.In this theoretical background, we dealt with the competence of the teachers of physical education, as well as the selection and psychological guidance process, considering the physical education teacher as one of the basic elements in all educational stages. It is also considered the key to the success of any academic program. The processes of orientation and psychological selection, especially in the middle school.The teaching competencies of PE teachers aim at its core to develop their performance in teaching and learning, and are mainly based on competencies and skills, which are limited to the profession of the teacher.
The effectiveness of a psychological program for a number of mental skills in building self-confidence
Authors: Ogla Suleiman Al-Houry, Qusay Fahmy Aqeel AL-Banaa
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe research problem was the weak interest in the psychological aspect of the first stage students / Department of Physical Education and Sports Science when compared to the physical, skill and planning aspects they receive through educational curricula.The study aimed to:1- Preparing a psychological program for a number of mental skills that coincide with the volleyball curriculum for students of the Department of Physical Education and Sports Science at Mosul University / College of Basic Education / First Stage.2-Knowing the effectiveness of using a number of mental skills in building self-confidence among students of the Department of Physical Education and Sports Science / First Stage / College of Basic Education.The researchers used the experimental approach to its relevance and the nature of the research, and the sample of the research in the College of Basic Education, University of Mosul, Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, and the number (20) students divided into two groups (two groups) A, B.The psychological program sessions were implemented with (14) sessions divided into two sessions each week.The researchers concluded the following:1 -The effectiveness of the psychological program that includes a number of mental skills in developing self-confidence among students of the Department of Physical Education and Sports Science / First Stage.2-There are significant differences between pre and post-test in self-confidence and in favour of the post-test in the experimental group in all fields (social relations, challenge, decision-making, happiness and contentment, psychological pressure, hesitation and fear, mental health).
The importance of using physiological tests and anthropometrics during the selection process Karate U13 players A field study at the level of Jijel Karate Association - Algeria
Authors: Meziane Bouhadj, Houssam boubellout
Published: March 2024

Abstract in English This study aimed to shed light on the importance of using physiological tests and anthropometrics during the selection process for karate players under 13 years of age, and to highlight the importance of using physiological tests and their contribution to the success of the sports selection process, in addition to knowing the importance of conducting anthropometric measurements and their role in selecting the best players. The study was based on a sample consisting of 25 karate coaches from the Jijel League, and the sample was chosen in an intentional way due to the small size of the study population, and the descriptive method of the survey method was used for its suitability and the nature of the research. The following results:- Coaches' lack of interest in using physiological tests during the selection process.- Lack of coaches' interest in making physical measurements during the selection process.
EDUCAÇÃO EM FOCO: desafios e perspectivas
Authors:   EUZIMAR GREGÓRIO DOS SANTOS,   MARIA DAS GRAÇAS ATAIDEDE ALMEIDA
Published: March 2024

O livro “Educação em Foco: Desafios e Perspectivas” aborda de forma abrangente e aprofundada temas essenciais para a área educacional, como o desenvolvimento e implementação de um projeto político pedagógico eficiente, qualidade de vida dos profissionais de educação, educação emocional, violência escolar, o papel da matemática no processo de ensino-aprendizagem, a experiência do ensino militar como modelo educacional, assim como Memorial das ligas e lutas camponesas e movimento 21: movimentos sociais, políticos e educativos do nordeste brasileiro em tempos de resistência, e a importância de Ensino de História no Ensino Médio.
Introduction: Science anywhere and anyhow
Authors: García-Molina Rafael
Published: March 2024

Today's society enjoys a welfare state that is largely a consequence of the scientific and technological advances of previous eras (especially the last century). Currently, (non-specialist) citizens interested in scientific topics have access to them in a variety of ways, from the classic formats of books and popular science magazines, television, and radio programmes, to internet platforms and social networks. And while being published is not synonymous with being worthwhile and reliable, the visibility that science can gain from these media is a welcome change. In addition to reporting on scientific and technological advances, an important part of the content offered by these media consists of recreational science activities, which provide an opportunity to acquire scientific knowledge in an entertaining way.
Performance Characterisation of High RA Asphalt Mixes – A Laboratory and Field Study
Authors: Toth Csaba , Petho Laszlo , Rosta Szabolcs
Published: March 2024

The research project highlights the significance of incorporating reclaimed asphalt (RA) into hot mix asphalt (HMA) production for sustainable road construction. Despite limited RA utilization in Hungary in the past decades, the project demonstrates the feasibility of manufacturing HMA with significant RA content using advanced technology. The establishment of a capable asphalt plant and the development of laboratory assessments and mix design methodologies laid a solid foundation for future high RA integration in Hungarian road projects. Large-scale production trials confirmed the practicality of integrating high RA content into heavy-duty asphalt mixes with various binder types, including normal bitumen (B), polymer modified binder (PmB), and rubber modified bitumen (GmB). The large-scale validation project described in this paper was based on crucial binder blend designs carried out prior to the trials. Production control and performance-based laboratory testing proved that asphalt mixes can be designed and manufactured with high RA content while maintaining performance standards. Balancing resistance to distress modes like rutting and low-temperature cracking through careful binder blend design and mix design is achievable, even with high RA proportions. Visual assessments and production control indicated the uniformity of high RA content asphalt mixes. The details provided in this paper emphasise the potential for economic and environmental benefits through increased RA utilization in Hungarian road construction.
Rebuilding Bailey Bridge to Bridge With Bascule Span – A Case Study
Authors: Ambroziak Andrzej , Malinowski Maciej , Wałęga Mirosław
Published: March 2024

The structural analysis of a road foldable prefabricated steel Bailey- type bridge located over the Tuga River in Żelichowo, Poland is performed in this paper. Interesting and untypical bridge redevelopment performed made it possible to lift the middle foldable bridge span by approximately 4.0 m concerning the existing state. The paper begins with a survey of literature carried out on the investigations of foldable Bailey-type bridge subject matter. A description of the numerical modelling of foldable prefabricated bridges is performed. The comparison of the proof load test results with the FEM numerical model results has shown very good compatibility. This paper can provide scientists, engineers, and designers the basis for structural analysis in the field of foldable Bailey-type bridge constructions and numerical simulations.
Theodoro de Moraes na história da alfabetização no Brasil
Authors: Pereira Bárbara Cortella
Published: March 2024

Esta obra discute a contribuição do educador paulista Theodoro de Moraes (1877-1956) para a disseminação da assim denominada “pedagogia moderna” no Brasil, tanto por meio de sua atuação em cargos e funções no magistério como de sua produção ensaística e pedagógica, extremamente prolífera. Além de participar da produção de documentos oficiais, Moraes elaborou artigos para periódicos, textos de literatura infantil, livros, cartilhas e ainda foi tradutor e conferencista. O educador, de acordo com a autora, defendia com ênfase o ensino da leitura para crianças e para adolescentes e adultos, pelo chamado método analítico, um componente essencial da pedagogia moderna e que se destaca pela busca da praticidade e o uso da intuição. Por este método, o ensino deve ser gradual, completo e contínuo, de modo a favorecer a atividade individual do aluno. O processo de ensino seguiria, dessa forma, “do mais simples para o mais complicado” e avançaria “passo a passo”. O educador prescrevia ainda prática e exercícios constantes e o uso comedido das regras durante o transcorrer das atividades didáticas. Muito graças a Moraes, o método analítico para o ensino inicial da leitura – que se tornara oficial para as escolas primárias do estado de São Paulo entre o fim do século 19 e o início do século 20 – teve um inegável revigoramento e deixaria marcas indeléveis na educação do país.
Activating SRC/MAPK signaling via 5-HT1A receptor contributes to the effect of vilazodone on improving thrombocytopenia
Authors: Zhou Ling , Ni Chengyang , Liao Ruixue , Tang Xiaoqin , Yi Taian , Ran Mei , Huang Miao , Liao Rui , Zhou Xiaogang , Qin Dalian , Wang Long , Huang Feihong , Xie Xiang , Wan Ying , Luo Jiesi , Wang Yiwei , Wu Jianming
Published: March 2024

Thrombocytopenia caused by long-term radiotherapy and chemotherapy exists in cancer treatment. Previous research demonstrates that 5-Hydroxtrayptamine (5-HT) and its receptors induces the formation of megakaryocytes (MKs) and platelets. However, the relationships between 5-HT1A receptor (5-HTR1A) and MKs is unclear so far. We screened and investigated the mechanism of vilazodone as a 5-HTR1A partial agonist in promoting MK differentiation and evaluated its therapeutic effect in thrombocytopenia. We employed a drug screening model based on machine learning (ML) to screen the megakaryocytopoiesis activity of VLZ. The effects of Vilazodone (VLZ) on megakaryocytopoiesis were verified in HEL and Meg-01 cells. Tg (itga2b: eGFP) zebrafish was performed to analyze the alterations in thrombopoiesis. Moreover, we established a thrombocytopenia mice model to investigate VLZ administration accelerates platelet recovery and function. We carried out network pharmacology, Western blot and immunofluorescence to demonstrate the potential targets and pathway of VLZ. VLZ has been predicted to have a potential biological action. Meanwhile, VLZ administration promotes MK differentiation and thrombopoiesis in cells and zebrafish models. Progressive experiments showed that VLZ has a potential therapeutic effect on radiation-induced thrombocytopenia
in vivo
. The network pharmacology and associated mechanism study indicated that SRC and MAPK signaling are both involved in the processes of megakaryopoiesis facilitated by VLZ. Furthermore, the expression of 5-HTR1A during megakaryocyte differentiation is closely related to the activation of SRC and MAPK. Our findings demonstrated that the expression of 5-HTR1A on MK, VLZ could bind to the 5-HTR1A receptor and further regulate the SRC/MAPK signaling pathway to facilitate megakaryocyte differentiation and platelet production, which provides new insights into the alternative therapeutic options for thrombocytopenia.
Large-scale characterization of drug mechanism of action using proteome-wide thermal shift assays
Authors: Van Vranken Jonathan G. , Li Jiaming , Mintseris Julian , Gadzuk-Shea Meagan , Gygi Steven P. , Schweppe Devin K.
Published: March 2024

In response to an ever-increasing demand of new small molecules therapeutics, numerous chemical and genetic tools have been developed to interrogate compound mechanism of action. Owing to its ability to characterize compound-dependent changes in thermal stability, the proteome-wide thermal shift assay has emerged as a powerful tool in this arsenal. The most recent iterations have drastically improved the overall efficiency of these assays, providing an opportunity to screen compounds at a previously unprecedented rate. Taking advantage of this advance, we quantified 1.498 million thermal stability measurements in response to multiple classes of therapeutic and tool compounds (96 compounds in living cells and 70 compounds in lysates). When interrogating the dataset as a whole, approximately 80% of compounds (with quantifiable targets) caused a significant change in the thermal stability of an annotated target. There was also a wealth of evidence portending off-target engagement despite the extensive use of the compounds in the laboratory and/or clinic. Finally, the combined application of cell- and lysate-based assays, aided in the classification of primary (direct ligand binding) and secondary (indirect) changes in thermal stability. Overall, this study highlights the value of these assays in the drug development process by affording an unbiased and reliable assessment of compound mechanism of action.
Spontaneous activity of striatal projection neurons supports maturation of striatal inputs to substantia nigra dopaminergic neurons
Authors: Kokinovic Bojana , Seja Patricia , Donati Angelica , Ryazantseva Maria , de Kerchove d’Exaerde Alban , Schiffmann Serge N. , Taira Tomi , Molchanova Svetlana M.
Published: March 2024

Spontaneous activity of neurons during early ontogenesis is instrumental for stabilization and refinement of developing neuronal connections. The role of spontaneous activity in synaptic development has been described in detail for cortical-like structures. Yet, very little is known about activity-dependent development of long-range inhibitory projections, such as projections from striatum. Here, we show that striatal projection neurons (SPNs) in dorsal striatum are spontaneously active in P4-P14 mice. Spontaneous activity was detected in both direct-pathway SPNs (dSPNs) and indirect-pathway SPNs (iSPNs). Most of the spontaneously active cells were in striosomes – a chemical compartment in striatum defined by expression of µ-opioid receptor. Higher excitability of both striosomal dSPNs and iSPNs was related to their intrinsic excitability properties (higher action potential half-width and IV slope). Tonic activation of muscarinic M1 receptor maintains the spontaneous activity of striosomal SPNs, the effect being stronger in iSPNs and weaker in dSPNs. To investigate if the neonatal spontaneous activity is needed for the stabilization of SPN long-range projections, we chemogenetically inhibited striosomal SPNs in neonatal animals and studied the efficiency of striatonigral projections in adult animals. Inhibition of striosomal SPNs by chronic CNO administration to P6-14 pups caused a reduction in the functional GABAergic innervation and in the density of gephyrin puncta in dopaminergic neurons of substantia nigra pars compacta of the adult (P52-79) animals. Chronic administration of CNO later in development (P21-29), on the contrary, resulted in higher mIPSC frequency in dopaminergic cells of the adult animals. Thus, the activity-dependent stabilization of striosomal projections has different developmental phases, and the long-term outcome of perturbations in these processes depends on the developmental period when they occur. Taken together, our results demonstrate that spontaneous activity of SPNs is essential for the maturation and stabilization of striatal efferents.
THE MICROECONOMIC DETERMINANTS OF THE PERFORMANCE OF LARGE COMPANIES: CASE OF ALGERIAN COMPANIES
Authors: BENACHOUR Amira , TARHLISSIA Lamine
Published: March 2024

This research aims to identify and study the internal factors that can influence the financial performance of large Algerian companies and make them sustainable. This study is based on a sample of 78 large Algerian companies operating in four sectors: construction, trade, industry and services, over a period of four years from 2018 to 2021. For this purpose, we used the panel data regression method that takes into account both individual and temporal dimensions. The results of the statistical and econometric analysis showed that the debt ratios play negatively and very significantly on the economic profitability of large Algerian firms, it is also the case for the tangibility of assets, the sectors of activity, the public sector and the size of the firm. However, the capital turnover ratio and the age of the companies act favorably and significantly on their profitability. Self-financing, liquidity and the sector of activity present insignificant coefficients.
THE IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION ON FIRM PERFORMANCE IN NIGERIA CONSOLIDATED BREWERIES PLC
Authors: OGUNKOYA Olufemi A. , HASSAN Banjo A. , SOREMEKUN Oluwatobi E. , OGUNDELE Moshood A.
Published: March 2024

This research investigated the impact of technological innovation on firm performance. The study was conducted among employees of Nigeria Consolidated Breweries in Ijebu-Ode area of Ogun state. A sample size of one hundred and two (102) employees was purposively selected from Nigeria Consolidated Breweries in the study area. Primary data was employed for this study. Descriptive statistics analysis was employed to analyze the demographic factors of respondents. Results of this study revealed that there was significant positive effect of technological innovation on firm performance (R = 0.881, p < 0.005). Also, the findings of this study further revealed that technological learning had significant positive effect on firm performance (β = 0.654, p < 0.005). Based on the results, it was recommended that the management of the firm should adopt technological innovation as an essential ingredient of competitive advantage for new product development.
MAPPING THE LANDSCAPE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT: A BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS
Authors: TATARCZAK Anna
Published: March 2024

Industry 4.0 concepts and technologies, which focus on interconnectivity, digitalization, and automation, are critical to the long-term success of both micro and macroeconomic entities. Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a critical enabler for effective Supply Chain Management (SCM) within this framework. This research study conducts a thorough examination of the current literature to investigate the role of AI in SCM. The study attempts to identify research trends, appraise the present state of knowledge, and provide insights on management implications through a systematic review and the use of bibliometric analytic methodologies. The management implications of this study provide light on the potential benefits and possibilities that AI may provide to SCM operations. The research findings provide firms with the means to improve their supply chain operations, elevate decision-making processes, and achieve a competitive advantage in the changing business landscape by properly using the potential of AI.
Roadblocks to Hybrid Wheat Seed Production: An Analysis of Constraints
Authors: Pathak Madhwendra Kumar , Srivastava R.P. , Singh Mukesh Kumar
Published: March 2024

There is great pressure on wheat, a crucial staple crop of global importance due to issues such as climate change, rising population numbers, and both microorganismic (biotic) and mineral (abiotic) stress. Heterosis can be employed in developing superior characters in hybrid wheat resulting from crosses between highly divergent parents. However, hybrid wheat has been beset with problems such as self-pollination, low heterosis, prohibitive production cost, and small scale of consumer acceptance. It explores how hybrid wheats are produced such as chemical hybridising agents, cytoplasmic male sterility and genomic selection. This aspect entails difficulties and complexity associated with hybrid wheat production such as hybrid incompatibility, unstable genetics, diverse heterotic families and requirement for genomic prediction of hybrid vigour. Hybrid wheat’s lag of adoption in India is discussed with a special view put on particular problems associated with that country alone.  Nevertheless, there are still some issues associated with heterotic grouping and sterility systems specific for the Indian situation. Nevertheless, significant efforts, including the hybrid network of ICAR or transgenic methods, give hope to future. Finally, it should be noted that although hybrid wheat appears to have a great promise of high yield and good grain quality, bio-genetic limitations must be sorted first. Addressing these hurdles is essential if hybrid wheat is expected to increase food security and improve nutrition amid dwindling water resources due to growing populations worldwide.
Detection of Plasmid-mediated qnr Genes among the Quinolone Resistant Salmonella typhi from Patients Attending University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Abuja, Nigeria
Authors: R Fasema, , B Ngwai, Y. , D Ishaleku, , H Nkene, I. , H Abimiku, R. , C Tama, S. , N Igbawua, I.
Published: March 2024

Aims: The aim of this study was to determine the presence of the qnr genes among S. typhi isolated from stool of patients with suspected typhoid fever, in University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Abuja, Nigeria.

Study Design: Cross sectional study.

Place and Duration of Study: Department of Microbiology, Nasarawa State University, Keffi, between November 2022 and November 2023.

Methodology: Stool samples of patients with suspected typhoid fever were collected by standard methods in sterile disposable containers. After analysis of stool, microscopic observations and culture analysis, Salmonella typhi was isolated, antibiotic susceptibility testing was carried out, and the bacterial genome was extracted by boiling method. PCR for detection of qnr genes including qnrA, qnrB and qnrS was done by specific primers, then PCR products were run using gel electrophoresis and visualized by gel documentation system.

Results: Out of 150 isolates, 13 (8.7%) were positive for S. typhi.  Antibiotic resistance among the isolates in decreasing order were as follows: imipenems (100.0%), cefuroxime (100.0%), cefotaxime (100.0%), nalidixic acid (92.3%), amoxicillin/ clavulanic acid (84.6%), ceftriaxone/sulbactam (84.6%), ciprofloxacin (84.6%), gentamicin (76.9%), levofloxacin (46.2%) and ofloxacin (46.2%). The most common antibiotic resistant phenotype was AUG- CTX-IMP-OFX-CN-NA-CXM-CRO-CIP-LBC at 30.4%. Multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) was observed in 100% (13/13) of the isolates with the common MAR indices being 1.0 (30.8%), 0.7 (23.5%), 0.8 (23.1%) and 0.9 (15.4%). The only positive PMQR genes were qnrS and aac(6′)-Ib-cr with percentage occurrence of 50.0% respectively

Conclusion: The S. typhi isolates showed lower resistance to ofloxacin, levofloxacin, and gentamicin, and all isolates were MAR, with resistance to 10 antibiotics being the most predominant. In addition, qnrS resistance gene was the most common gene expressed.
Invasive Urothelial Carcinoma of the Ureter with Associated Obstructive Uropathy and Chronic Pyelonephritis: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Awosusi Babatope Lanre , Aremu Isiaka Olatoye
Published: March 2024

Introduction: urothelial carcinomas can develop from any urothelium lined surface in the body and they are the seventh most common cancers seen globally. Urothelial carcinoma of the upper urinary tract (involving the renal pelvis and ureter) is not common.

Case Presentation: A 66-year-old male presented with recurrent left flank pain, recurrent urinary tract infection and occasional haematuria of six month's duration. Abdominal Computerized Tomography (CT) done showed moderate left hydro-ureter and hydro-nephrosis and a mass was seen in the lower one-third of the left ureter. Features seen at CT was suggestive of urothelial carcinoma of the distal left ureter.  No mass lesion or tumour was seen in the urinary bladder. Radical nephroureterectomy with excision of the bladder cuff was performed and the diagnosis was confirmed after histopathologic evaluation.

Discussion: This case report highlights the rare presentation of invasive urothelial carcinoma of the ureter with associated obstructive uropathy and the role of radiologic imaging in diagnosis and thorough histopathologic evaluation in the determination of tumour grade and tumour stage and ultimate prognosis of patients.

Conclusion: A high index of suspicion is needed for diagnosis based on presenting symptoms, and examination findings. Tumour grade and stage in upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma are good predictors of clinical outcomes and prognosis.
Economic Efficiency of Banana Production in Uttara Kannada District of Karnataka, India
Authors: Naik Arpita Krishna , Moolimane Chandana Basavaraja , Madhu, D. M.  , Sri Kota Karuna , Hanumanthappa, R.  , Hithaishree, M.
Published: March 2024

Aim: Banana cultivation holds significant agricultural importance, contributing substantially to global dietary staples. This study Examines the economic efficiency of banana production in Uttara Kannada district.

Sampling Design: Employed purposive and multistage sampling, the study focuses on Sirsi and Siddapur taluks, selecting 80 farmers through random sampling.

Methodology: The research examines resource utilization by employing the Cobb-Douglas production function and evaluate efficiency levels by Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA).

Results: Allocative efficiency in banana cultivation is apparent through positive MVP/MFC ratios for inputs like suckers (15.89), manure (1.91), fertilizers (7.21), machine labor (1.75), and propping material (6.66), indicating underutilization. Conversely, plant protection chemicals (-22.35) and human labor (-1.20) show negative ratios, signifying overutilization. The ratio of MVP to MFC was differed from unity indicating scope for reallocation of expenditure among various resources. Using Data Envelopment Analysis, individual farm technical and economic efficiency was assessed. Banana, Crop I had a mean technical efficiency of 70.30, while Crop II had 49.40. The results highlight room for improvement, especially in Crop II, emphasizing the need for better resource allocation. Major production constraints include labour scarcity, poor planting material, and pest issues. Marketing hurdles encompass price fluctuations, limited storage, and distant markets.

Conclusion: The study emphasizes the banana cultivation revealed significant impacts of resource utilization on yield, with suckers, fertilizers, and plant protection chemicals showing substantial effects. Allocative efficiency analysis indicated underutilization of resources, suggesting potential for yield improvement. However, farmers face challenges including labour scarcity, quality planting material, price fluctuations, and inadequate storage facilities in production and marketing.
Mechanism and Kinetic Studies of the Adsorption of Congo Red on Three Adsorbent Materials
Authors: Sogbochi Elie , Nonviho Guevara , Bokossa Hervé K. J. , Agodji Crépin , Sohounhloue Dominique Codjo Koko
Published: March 2024

The enormous loss of agroforestry resources should attract the attention of the scientific community. A cultivated plant has more unused organs than those harvested by the grower. For an agroforestry resource to be put to good use, its parts, previously considered waste, must be exploited for profit. This is why this study examined the potential of the hulls of Lophira lanceolata, an agricultural waste product, as a precursor for adsorbent materials such as activated carbon and composite materials. The two adsorbent materials are obtained by impregnation with orthophosphoric acid in a 2:1 ratio, followed by activation and pyrolysis at 500°C. The use of these adsorbent materials and clay for the removal of Congo red has proved effective, with removal rates more than 90%. Adsorption on these materials is chemical in nature and occurs on energetically heterogeneous surfaces, which fits well with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Freundlich isotherms. The estimated qmax values for the Langmuir model are 145.0, 362.0, and 452.0 mg.g-1 for clay, composite material and activated carbon respectively. The hulls of Lophira lanceolata could be used to obtain various adsorbent materials for eliminating anionic dyes from industrial wastewater to comply with discharge standards.
Assessing the Effects of Flood on Crop and Livestock Production in Bagalkot District of Karnataka, India
Authors: Gunadal Narayan Murigeppa , Madhu, D. M  , Harshitha, H. C  , Honyal Arun Shivayogi
Published: March 2024

Aims: India is the second most flood-affected country, trailing behind Bangladesh. Over the past two decades, Karnataka has been subjected to severe flooding. Keeping the above in view, a research initiative to analyze the effect of floods on crop and livestock production was undertaken.

Study Design:  Multi stage purposive sampling technique was adopted for the study.

Place and Duration of Study: Bagalkot district of Northern Karnataka was purposively selected for the study.

Methodology: The study is based on primary data collected from 90 respondents belonging to Ghataprabha and Krishna river basins in Mudhol (45) and Jamakhandi (45) taluks.

Results: Analysis of cropping patterns reveals sugarcane as the dominant crop with maize also significant. Floods in 2019 caused substantial crop damage, particularly affecting sugarcane and maize, resulting in significant income losses for farmers. The results indicated that the, during 2019, 78.03 and 21.97 per cent of sugarcane and maize areas were affected by floods with a percentage income reduction of 65.84 and 62.87 percent, respectively. The severity of flood was quite less during 2020 where 76.72 and 23.27 percent of sugarcane and maize areas were affected by floods with 29.47 and 33.24 percent, reduction in income respectively.

Conclusion: Livestock losses were also considerable, with farmers facing economic burdens due to animal deaths and injuries. Soil erosion, predominantly splash and sheet erosion, was prevalent during both years, affecting agricultural productivity. Compensation for losses remained inadequate, highlighting challenges in addressing flood-related damages in the region.
Influence of Organic and Inorganic Inputs on Vegetative, Flowering and Yield Attributes of Marigold cv. Pusa Narangi Gainda
Authors: Manigandan E. , Kumar Sunil , Mailappa A.S. , Momin K.C.
Published: March 2024

The present investigation was carried out on “Influence of organic and inorganic inputs on vegetative, flowering and yield attributes of marigold cv. Pusa NarangiGainda” at instructional farm, Department of Floriculture and Landscape Architecture, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Pasighat, Arunachal Pradesh during the year 2021-22. A field experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 13 treatments in three replications. Findings revealed significant (p<0.05) influence of organic and inorganic inputs on vegetative, flowering and yield characters of the marigold. Maximum plant height (130.70 cm), number of primary branches (11.20), number of secondary branches (14.40), leaf area (56.57 cm2), East-Westplant spread (49.25 cm), and North-South plant spread (46.50 cm) were associated with treatments T12-FYM @ 25 t.ha-1 + Vermicompost @ 5 t.ha-1 + Mustard oil cake @ 5 t.ha-1 + Dolomite @ 222 kg.ha-1. Treatment T12 also had earlier bud initiation (44.10 days), maximum number of flowers per plant (20.23), and flower yield (159.73 q). However, the maximum flower diameter (62.19 mm) was recorded in the treatment T10 - FYM @ 25 t.ha-1 + Mustard oil cake @ 5 t.ha-1 + Dolomite @ 222 kg.ha-1. The study demonstrates that combination of organic inputs significantly enhances the vegetative, flowering and yield attributes in marigold that could be exploited for increased productivity of the crop.
Enhancing Leaf Nutrient Levels in Polyembryonic Mango (Mangifera indica L.) Seedlings: The Impact of Saline Water Irrigation and 28-Homobrassinolide Spray
Authors: Patel A. M. , Patel C. R. , Patel J. J.
Published: March 2024

The leaf nutrients play a key role in the growth of a plant. Therefore, a study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of saline water and spray of 28-homobrassinolide on leaf nutrient status of polyembryonic mango (Mangifera indica L.) seedling during the years 2021-22 and 2022-23 at Agriculture Experimental Station, Navsari Agricultural University, Paria, (Gujarat). The experiment was laid out in Completely Randomized Design with factorial concept comprising of four salinity levels [S1: Best available water (control), S2: 2 dS m-1, S3: 4 dS m-1, S4: 6 dS m-1] and three spray concentration of 28-homobrassinolide [H1: No spray, (control), H2 : 0.5 ppm and H3 : 1 ppm]. Saline water application and 28-homobrassinolide spray was started at 80 days after sowing up to 240 days. The treatment containing application of water having lowest salinity (best available water) resulted in significantly higher leaf nutrient contents except Na up to 9 months after sowing during both years and in pooled analysis. Application of saline water having EC 6 dS m-1 adversely affected the growth of polyembryonic mango seedlings, reduced nutrient contents after 6 months of sowing. After 6 month of sowing, highest nutrient contents except Na was noted in mango seedlings treated with spray of 1 ppm 28-homobrassinolide during both years and in pooled analysis. The interactions of salinity levels and 28-homobrassinolide spray significantly affect leaf nutrient content of mango seedlings. Leaf nutrient contents except Na up to 9 months after sowing during both the years and in pooled analysis were recorded in treatment combination of best available water along with 1 ppm spray of 28-homobrassinolide. Maximum content of Na was observed in plants irrigated with 6 dS m-1 salinity level without spray of 28-homobrassinolide. Hence, it can be concluded that polyembryonic mango seedlings can be grown with saline irrigation having salinity up to 4 dS m-1 along with 1 ppm 28-homobrassinolide spray for better growth, biomass, nutrient contents and higher survival up to 9 months after sowing.