bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prism Adaptation Alters Electrophysiological Markers of Attentional Processes in the Healthy Brain
Authors: Martín-Arévalo Elisa , Laube Inga , Koun Eric , Farnè Alessandro , Reilly Karen T. , Pisella Laure
Published: January 2016

Neglect patients typically show a rightward attentional orienting bias and a strong disengagement deficit, such that they are especially slow in responding to left-sided targets after right-sided cues (Posner et al., 1984). Prism adaptation (PA) can reduce diverse debilitating neglect symptoms and it has been hypothesized that PA's effects are so generalized that they might be mediated by attentional mechanisms (Pisella et al., 2006; Redding and Wallace, 2006). In neglect patients, performance on spatial attention tasks improves after rightward-deviating PA (Jacquin-Courtois et al., 2013). In contrast, in healthy subjects, although there is evidence that leftward-deviating PA induces neglect-like performance on some visuospatial tasks, behavioral studies of spatial attention tasks have mostly yielded negative results (Morris et al., 2004; Bultitude et al., 2013). We hypothesized that these negative behavioral findings might reflect the limitations of behavioral measures in healthy subjects. Here we exploited the sensitivity of event-related potentials to test the hypothesis that electrophysiological markers of attentional processes in the healthy human brain are affected by PA. Leftward-deviating PA generated asymmetries in attentional orienting (reflected in the cue-locked N1) and in attentional disengagement for invalidly cued left targets (reflected in the target-locked P1). This is the first electrophysiological demonstration that leftward-deviating PA in healthy subjects mimics attentional patterns typically seen in neglect patients.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTPrism adaptation (PA) is a promising tool for ameliorating many deficits in neglect patients and inducing neglect-like behavior in healthy subjects. The mechanisms underlying PA's effects are poorly understood but one hypothesis suggests that it acts by modulating attention. To date, however, there has been no successful demonstration of attentional modulation in healthy subjects. We provide the first electrophysiological evidence that PA acts on attention in healthy subjects by mimicking the attentional pattern typically reported in neglect patients: both a rightward attentional orienting bias (reflected in the cue-locked N1) and a deficit in attentional disengagement from the right hemispace (reflected in the target-locked P1). This study makes an important contribution to refining current models of the mechanisms underlying PA's cognitive effects.
Dopamine D3Receptors Modulate the Ability of Win-Paired Cues to Increase Risky Choice in a Rat Gambling Task
Authors: Barrus Michael M. , Winstanley Catharine A.
Published: January 2016

Similar to other addiction disorders, the cues inherent in many gambling procedures are thought to play an important role in mediating their addictive nature. Animal models of gambling-related behavior, while capturing dimensions of economic decision making, have yet to address the impact that these salient cues may have in promoting maladaptive choice. Here, we determined whether adding win-associated audiovisual cues to a rat gambling task (rGT) would influence decision making. Thirty-two male Long–Evans rats were tested on either the cued or uncued rGT. In these tasks, animals chose between four options associated with different magnitudes and frequencies of reward and punishing time-out periods. As in the Iowa Gambling Task, favoring options associated with smaller per-trial rewards but smaller losses and avoiding the tempting “high-risk, high-reward” decks maximized profits. Although the reinforcement contingencies were identical in both task versions, rats' choice of the disadvantageous risky options was significantly greater on the cued task. Furthermore, a D3receptor agonist increased choice of the disadvantageous options, whereas a D3antagonist had the opposite effects, only on the cued task. These findings are consistent with the reported role of D3receptors in mediating the facilitatory effects of cues in addiction. Collectively, these results indicate that the cued rGT is a valuable model with which to study the mechanism by which salient cues can invigorate maladaptive decision making, an important and understudied component of both gambling and substance use disorders.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTWe used a rodent analog of the Iowa Gambling Task to determine whether the addition of audiovisual cues would affect choice preferences. Adding reward-concurrent cues significantly increased risky choice. This is the first clear demonstration that reward-paired cues can bias cost/benefit decision making against a subject's best interests in a manner concordant with elevated addiction susceptibility. Choice on the cued task was uniquely sensitive to modulation by D3receptor ligands, yet these drugs did not alter decision making on the uncued task. The relatively unprecedented sensitivity of choice on the cued task to D3-receptor-mediated neurotransmission data suggest that similar neurobiological processes underlie the ability of cues to both bias animals toward risky options and facilitate drug addiction.
The Hierarchical Structure of the Face Network Revealed by Its Functional Connectivity Pattern
Authors: Wang Xu , Zhen Zonglei , Song Yiying , Huang Lijie , Kong Xiangzhen , Liu Jia
Published: January 2016

A major principle of human brain organization is “integrating” some regions into networks while “segregating” other sets of regions into separate networks. However, little is known about the cognitive function of the integration and segregation of brain networks. Here, we examined the well-studied brain network for face processing, and asked whether the integration and segregation of the face network (FN) are related to face recognition performance. To do so, we used a voxel-based global brain connectivity method based on resting-state fMRI to characterize the within-network connectivity (WNC) and the between-network connectivity (BNC) of the FN. We found that 95.4% of voxels in the FN had a significantly stronger WNC than BNC, suggesting that the FN is a relatively encapsulated network. Importantly, individuals with a stronger WNC (i.e., integration) in the right fusiform face area were better at recognizing faces, whereas individuals with a weaker BNC (i.e., segregation) in the right occipital face area performed better in the face recognition tasks. In short, our study not only demonstrates the behavioral relevance of integration and segregation of the FN but also provides evidence supporting functional division of labor between the occipital face area and fusiform face area in the hierarchically organized FN.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTAlthough the integration and segregation are major principles of human brain organization, little is known about whether they support the cognitive processes. By correlating the within-network connectivity (WNC) and between-network connectivity (BNC) of the face network with face recognition performance, we found that individuals with stronger WNC in the right fusiform face area or weaker BNC in the right occipital face area were better at recognizing faces. Our study not only demonstrates the behavioral relevance of the integration and segregation but also provides evidence supporting functional division of labor between the occipital face area and fusiform face area in the hierarchically organized face network.
Regulation of Neuronal Oxygen Responses inC. elegansIs Mediated through Interactions between Globin 5 and the H-NOX Domains of Soluble Guanylate Cyclases
Authors: Abergel Zohar , Chatterjee Arijit Kumar , Zuckerman Binyamin , Gross Einav
Published: January 2016

Soluble guanylate cyclases (sGCs) are gas-binding proteins that control diverse physiological processes such as vasodilation, platelet aggregation, and synaptic plasticity. In the nematodeCaenorhabditis elegans, a complex of sGCs, GCY-35 and GCY-36, functions in oxygen (O2) sensing. Previous studies suggested that the neuroglobin GLB-5 genetically interacts with GCY-35, and that the inhibitory effect of GLB-5 on GCY-35 function is necessary for fast recovery from prolonged hypoxia. In this study, we identified mutations ingcy-35andgcy-36that impact fast recovery and other phenotypes associated with GLB-5, without undermining sGC activity. These mutations,heb1andheb3, change conserved amino acid residues in the regulatory H-NOX domains of GCY-35 and GCY-36, respectively, and appear to suppress GLB-5 activity by different mechanisms. Moreover, we observed that short exposure to 35% O2desensitized the neurons responsible for ambient O2sensing and that this phenomenon does not occur inheb1animals. These observations may implicate sGCs in neuronal desensitization mechanisms far beyond the specific case of O2sensing in nematodes. The conservation of functionally important regions of sGCs is supported by examining site-directed mutants of GCY-35, which suggested that similar regions in the H-NOX domains of O2and NO-sensing sGCs are important for heme/gas interactions. Overall, our studies provide novel insights into sGC activity and regulation, and implicate similar structural determinants in the control of both O2and NO sensors.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTSoluble guanylate cyclases (sGCs) control essential and diverse physiological processes, including memory processing. We usedCaenorhabditis elegansto explore how a neuroglobin inhibits a complex of oxygen-sensing sGCs, identifying sGC mutants that resist inhibition. Resistance appears to arise by two different mechanisms: increased basal sGC activity or disruption of an interaction with neuroglobin. Our findings demonstrate that the inhibition of sGCs by neuroglobin is essential for rapid adaptation to either low or high oxygen levels, and that similar structural regions are key for regulating both oxygen and nitric oxide sensors. Based on our structural and functional analyses, we present the hypothesis that neuroglobin-sGC interactions may be generally important for adaptation processes, including those in organisms with more complex neurological functions.
Short Fibrils Constitute the Major Species of Seed-Competent Tau in the Brains of Mice Transgenic for Human P301S Tau
Authors: Jackson Samuel J. , Kerridge Caroline , Cooper Jane , Cavallini Annalisa , Falcon Benjamin , Cella Claire V. , Landi Alessia , Szekeres Philip G. , Murray Tracey K. , Ahmed Zeshan , Goedert Michel , Hutton Michael , O'Neill Michael J. , Bose Suchira
Published: January 2016

The interneuronal propagation of aggregated tau is believed to play an important role in the pathogenesis of human tauopathies. It requires the uptake of seed-competent tau into cells, seeding of soluble tau in recipient neurons and release of seeded tau into the extracellular space to complete the cycle. At present, it is not known which tau species are seed-competent. Here, we have dissected the molecular characteristics of seed-competent tau species from the TgP301S tau mouse model using various biochemical techniques and assessed their seeding ability in cell and animal models. We found that sucrose gradient fractions from brain lysates seeded cellular tau aggregation only when large (>10 mer) aggregated, hyperphosphorylated (AT8- and AT100-positive) and nitrated tau was present. In contrast, there was no detectable seeding by fractions containing small, oligomeric (<6 mer) tau. Immunodepletion of the large aggregated AT8-positive tau strongly reduced seeding; moreover, fractions containing these species initiated the formation and spreading of filamentous tau pathologyin vivo, whereas fractions containing tau monomers and small oligomeric assemblies did not. By electron microscopy, seed-competent sucrose gradient fractions contained aggregated tau species ranging from ring-like structures to small filaments. Together, these findings indicate that a range of filamentous tau aggregates are the major species that underlie the spreading of tau pathology in the P301S transgenic model.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe spread of tau pathology from neuron to neuron is postulated to account for, or at least to contribute to, the overall propagation of tau pathology during the development of human tauopathies including Alzheimer's disease. It is therefore important to characterize the native tau species responsible for this process of seeding and pathology spreading. Here, we use several biochemical techniques to dissect the molecular characteristics of native tau protein conformers from TgP301S tau mice and show that seed-competent tau species comprise small fibrils capable of seeding tau pathology in cell and animal models. Characterization of seed-competent tau gives insight into disease mechanisms and therapeutic interventions.
Direct Transcriptional Effects of Apolipoprotein E
Authors: Theendakara Veena , Peters-Libeu Clare A. , Spilman Patricia , Poksay Karen S. , Bredesen Dale E. , Rao Rammohan V.
Published: January 2016

A major unanswered question in biology and medicine is the mechanism by which the product of the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele, the lipid-binding protein apolipoprotein E4 (ApoE4), plays a pivotal role in processes as disparate as Alzheimer's disease (AD; in which it is the single most important genetic risk factor), atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, Lewy body dementia, hominid evolution, and inflammation. Using a combination of neural cell lines, skin fibroblasts from AD patients, and ApoE targeted replacement mouse brains, we show in the present report that ApoE4 undergoes nuclear translocation, binds double-stranded DNA with high affinity (low nanomolar), and functions as a transcription factor. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation and high-throughput DNA sequencing, our results indicate that the ApoE4 DNA binding sites include ∼1700 gene promoter regions. The genes associated with these promoters provide new insight into the mechanism by which AD risk is conferred by ApoE4, because they include genes associated with trophic support, programmed cell death, microtubule disassembly, synaptic function, aging, and insulin resistance, all processes that have been implicated in AD pathogenesis.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThis study shows for the first time that apolipoprotein E4 binds DNA with high affinity and that its binding sites include 1700 promoter regions that include genes associated with neurotrophins, programmed cell death, synaptic function, sirtuins and aging, and insulin resistance, all processes that have been implicated in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis.
PENEGAKAN HUKUM PIDANA TERHADAP KORBAN PECANDU NARKOBA DI INDONESIA
Authors: Siagian Amrizal
Published: January 2016

Kebijakan kriminal pemerintah atas terbitnya undang-undang terkait narkoba no 35 tahun 2009 khususnya bagi pecandu narkoba perlu diimplementasikan sesuai amanat konstitusi. Bahwa pemerintah memiliki kewajiban untuk menjaga tanah tumpah darah dan warganya dari bentuk ancaman apapun. Termasuk ancaman bahaya narkoba, yang secara sadar dan sengaja disebarkan kekalangan masyarakat, utamanya generasi muda sebagai penerus bangsa. Saat ini, pemakai narkoba diduga mencapai 5,1 juta, bahkan lebih. Karena jumlah pemakai narkoba itu ibarat gunung es (ice berg) dan mengalami angka gelap (dark number). Sangat diharapkan dari kebijakan kriminal atas terbitnya undang-udang tadi mampu mengatasi atau setidaknya mengurangi jumlah pemakai narkoba, yang salah satunya menciptakan terobosan baru dengan men-dekriminalisasi pemakai narkoba tanpa harus mendapatkan sanksi pinjara. Sebagaimana disebutkan bahwa jaminan perlindungan hukum yang diberikan bagi pecandu narkotika diatur melalui UU No 35 Tahun 2009 Tentang Narkotika dengan memberikan rehabilitasi baik medis maupun rehabilitasi sosial sebagaimana tercantum pada Pasal 54 pada undang-undang narkotika itu. Yaitu bahwa ”pecandu narkotika dan pecandu penyalahguna narkotika wajib menjalani rehabilitasi medis dan rehabilitasi sosial”.   Kata kunci: kebijakan krimanal, narkoba, korban, dekriminalisasiDOI: 10.15408/sjsbs.v2i2.2380
PENGARUH ANGGARAN BELANJA DAERAH DAN SENJANGAN ANGGARAN TERHADAP TINGKAT KORUPSI DI INDONESIA
Authors: Windarti Anissa
Published: January 2016

Penelitian ini mengkaji tentang pengaruh Anggaran Belanja Daerah dan Senjangan Anggaran terhadap Tingkat Korupsi di Indonesia dengan menggunakan variabel senjangan anggaran sebagai intervening variable.Korupsi di tingkat Pemerintah daerah Kabupaten/Kota masih sangat tinggi. Salah satu sumber dana yang menjadi sasaran korupsi adalah anggaran belanja daerah yang didorong oleh perilaku oportunistik pihak eksekutif berupa tindakan membuat senjangan anggaran. Hal ini sesuai dengan apa yang disebutkan dalam Agency Theory. Terdapat tujuh hipotesis dalam penelitian ini yangakan diuji menggunakan metode analisis jalur (Path Analysis). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hanya besarnya anggaran Bantuan Sosial dan Belanja Pegawai yang berpengaruh terhadap Senjangan Anggaran. Pengaruh Senjangan Anggaran terhadap semakin tinggi Tingkat Korupsi di Indonesia juga terbukti secara empirik. Selain itu, terdapat pengaruh Belanja Hibah, Bantuan Sosial, Belanja Pegawai, Belanja Barang dan Jasa, Belanja Modal terhadap Tingkat Korupsi di Indonesia dengan Senjangan Anggaran sebagai pemoderasi. Sehingga, Senjangan Anggaran dapat menciptakan terjadinya Korupsi pada Anggaran Belanja Daerah.     Kata kunci : belanja daerah, senjangan anggaran, korupsi, integritas  DOI: 10.15408/sjsbs.v2i2.2384
Severe Cerebral Vasospasm and Childhood Arterial Ischemic Stroke After Intrathecal Cytarabine
Authors: Tibussek Daniel , Natesirinilkul Rungrote , Sun Lisa R. , Wasserman Bruce A. , Brandão Leonardo R. , deVeber Gabrielle
Published: January 2016

We report on 2 patients who developed widespread cerebral vasospasm and arterial ischemic strokes (AIS) after application of intrathecal (IT) cytarabine. In a 3-year-old child with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), left leg weakness, hyperreflexia, and clonus were noted 4 days after her first dose of IT cytarabine during the induction phase of her chemotherapy. Cerebral MRI revealed multiple acute cerebral ischemic infarcts and widespread cerebral vasospasm. A 5-year-old girl complained of right arm and leg pain and began limping 11 days after IT cytarabine. Symptoms progressed to right dense hemiplegia, left gaze deviation, headache, and speech arrest. MRI revealed 2 large cortical areas of diffusion restriction in the right frontal and left parietal lobes. Cerebral magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) showed irregular narrowing affecting much of the intracranial arterial circulation. Although the first child fully recovered from her neurologic symptoms, the second patient had persistent hemiplegia on follow-up. Including this report, there are now 4 pediatric ALL cases of severe cerebral vasospasm and AIS in the context of IT cytarabine administration, strongly suggesting a true association. Differential diagnosis and management issues are discussed. Along with the more widespread use of MRI and MRA, the true frequency of this severe adverse effect will become clearer in future. For any child with neurologic symptoms within hours or days of receiving IT cytarabine, a low threshold for cerebral imaging with MRI and MRA is recommended.
PRENSA, DEPORTE Y SOCIABILIDAD URBANA EN MÉXICO DF (1851-1910)
Authors: Urbina Gaitán Chester
Published: January 2016

El estudio de la prensa capitalina mexicana durante el período de 1851 a 1909 en cuanto al
nacimiento del deporte en México DF refiere que esta actividad nace en seno de la burguesía
capitalina y de las principales colonias extranjeras radicadas en esa urbe. En estos años el
panorama deportivo estuvo dominado por disciplinas individuales, lo que incidió negativamente
en la adecuada preparación y entrenamiento. Con el nacimiento del béisbol en 1897,
los sectores trabajadores entran a la arena deportiva, por lo que se puede considerar que
este deporte contribuyó en la formación de un sentido de clase entre esos grupos sociales.
DIÁLOGO, ECOS Y RECOVECOS: LA COMUNICACIÓN CIENTÍFICA EN EL ÁMBITO ACADÉMICO
Authors: Castillo Vargas Andrés , Blanco Álvarez Tatiana , Montenegro Montenegro Esteban , Mata Marín Carlos
Published: January 2016

El presente artículo constituye una reflexión teórica en torno a las características y la
importancia de los procesos de comunicación científica, dentro del mundo académico. La
comunicación de la ciencia es un proceso que los y las investigadores(as) utilizan para dar
a conocer sus hallazgos, lo cual se dirige a pares académicos o públicos especializados, o a
públicos más amplios y heterogéneos. La comunicación de la ciencia puede llevarse a cabo
de manera directa, a cargo de quien investiga o bien, por mediación de profesionales en
comunicación, quienes hacen llegar al gran público, el conocimiento que se genera en las
esferas académicas. Comprender el engranaje del proceso de comunicar la ciencia es fundamental
para crear estrategias efectivas que permitan su desarrollo y visualización como un
objetivo propio del proceso de investigación científica.
METODOLOGÍA PARA LA IMPLEMENTACIÓN DE LA PERSPECTIVA DE GÉNERO EN LA FACULTAD OBRERO CAMPESINA
Authors: Gómez Estrada Noemis
Published: January 2016

La presente investigación está encaminada a proponer una metodología para implementar
la perspectiva de género en la Facultad Obrero Campesina, en el contexto del proceso de
enseñanza-aprendizaje de la Historia de Cuba, basándose en el materialismo dialéctico e
histórico como método científico general y fundamentada teóricamente en la perspectiva
de género como eje transversal de la educación cubana y la teoría histórico cultural del
desarrollo humano.
Presentación
Authors: Camacho Monge Daniel
Published: January 2016

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CONSIDERAR LO RELIGIOSO: CONTRIBUCIONES PARA SU ESTUDIO EN LAS CULTURAS CONTEMPORÁNEAS
Authors: Pantaleo Patricio Ivan
Published: January 2016

El artículo aborda las principales cuestiones teórico-metodológicas para el estudio de la
religión con el objetivo de aportar a la complejización analítica y a la valoración de la religión
como un ámbito principal de acción y re-significación de los sentidos que repercuten
en la dinámica político-cultural de las sociedades actuales. Para ello, se realiza una doble
diferenciación; por un lado, los planteamientos teórico-filosóficos que implica pensar lo
religioso como fenómeno o experiencia; por otro, las principales corrientes de estudio de la
religión en el siglo xx.
RECONSTRUYENDO EL TEJIDO SOCIAL DESDE LA FE Y LA PARTICIPACIÓN SOCIO-POLÍTICA. BALANCE DE LAS COMUNIDADES ECLESIALES DE BASE EN NAYARIT, MÉXICO
Authors: Orozco Espinosa Pedro , Orozco Morales Alejandro Enrique
Published: January 2016

Este artículo reconstruye la experiencia de organización social de las Comunidades
Eclesiales de Base (ceb) en Nayarit (México), durante la década de los 80 y 90 del siglo
pasado. En especial, se enfatiza su rápida configuración como catalizador y potenciador de
diferentes acciones que se desarrollaron en un nuevo tejido social en la entidad. Asimismo,
se pretende realizar un breve balance para explicar no solo su éxito relativo, sino su decadencia
en la reconstrucción del tejido social en estos lugares.
ANÁLISIS DE UN CONFLICTO SOCIOAMBIENTAL POR AGUA Y TURISMO EN SARDINAL, COSTA RICA
Authors: Navas Grettel , Cuvi Nicolás
Published: January 2016

En este artículo se analiza el conflicto suscitado por la apropiación de agua del acuífero
Sardinal en Guanacaste, Costa Rica, cuyos puntos más críticos ocurrieron entre 2008 y
2010. El conflicto incluyó movilizaciones, controversias científicas y juicios en los que participaron
moradores de la comunidad, representantes del Estado, organizaciones no gubernamentales,
eclesiásticas y la empresa privada. Si bien en el ámbito judicial el conflicto se
resolvió a favor de la comunidad, queda pendiente aún superar sus causas estructurales:
inconsistente accionar de las instituciones estatales, falta de planificación territorial, y
exclusión espacial y económica de las comunidades locales para favorecer la inversión
turística.
Gestión de la implementación del Programa de Matemática y su incidencia en el desarrollo del proceso educativo de estudiantes de Tercer Ciclo
Authors: Sojo Zamora Marcela
Published: January 2016

Este artículo resulta de estudio en el que se analizan las estrategias que se abordan, desde la gestión administrativa, para la implementación del programa de matemática y su incidencia en el desarrollo del proceso educativo, así como de los factores que favorecen y que limitan esta implementación en el Liceo Santa Teresita de Turrialba, Cartago, Costa Rica. Bajo el enfoque cualitativo, se determina la necesidad de una planificación institucional en conjunto con la comunidad educativa, la cual incluya estrategias para minimizar las limitaciones que se presentan a nivel de estudiantes, con el fin de convertir estas dificultades en elementos que favorezcan la implementación de los nuevos programas de estudio en esa asignatura.
Professional self-assessment of future health basics teachers as professionally important quality
Authors: Radchenko A.V.
Published: January 2016

Purpose: to theoretically substantiate and experimentally test professional self-assessment of future health basics teachers as professionally important quality. Material: 152 students participated in experiment. Results: assessment of images “I am real”, “I am student” and I am future professional” is rather high in most of students. The strength of these three images was assessed also approximately equally. But portion of average marks in indicator of image strength is much higher than in indicator of mark. Activity of three images differs a little and has significant quantity of average and high marks. Analysis of three main images’ wholeness witnesses that students’ self assessment is rather holistic. With it image “I am future professional” is formed on the base of image “I am student”. Dynamic of images’ self assessment witnesses that increasing of assessment and respect to image “I am future professional” depend on year of studying. Besides, assessment of strength and activity of this image also increases. Conclusions: in the process of studying students are oriented on professional formation as well as on formation of professionally important qualities, revelation of potential for self realization in the future. It was found that responsible attitude to professional functioning, future relations with children depend on self-assessment of formation.
Early diagnosis of junior school age children’s posture disorders
Authors: Razumeiko N.S.
Published: January 2016

Purpose: to describe specificities of early diagnosis method for junior school age children’s posture disorders. Material: in pedagogic experiment 156 junior school age children (boys and girls of 7-10 years’ age) participated. All children had no experience of training in sport circles. For determination of uniformity of the tested we fulfilled experts’ examination for presence or absence of external signs of posture disorders in frontal plane. The children’s examination was conducted by qualified specialists at the beginning and at the end of experiment. For determination of early signs of muscular asymmetry in torso right and left sides of the tested children we used methodic, based on registration of tonic vibration reflex. Results: the pupils’ examination permitted to form a group of 108 persons, who did not have external signs of posture disorders. It was proved that it would be purposeful to take prophylaxis measures at very early stages of imbalance in muscular system’s work. Traditional approach in the form of prophylaxis examination can not give confident information about initial stage of imbalance in muscular system’s work in child’s organism. Conclusions: it was found that imbalance of motor nervous centers reflex excitability on both sides of backbone (if no purposeful prophylaxis measures are taken) can result in muscular tonus asymmetry on right and left sides of torso in lumbar spine area.
Psycho-physical perfection of economic specialties’ girl students under influence of sport-oriented technology, based on prevalence of volleyball practicing
Authors: Salatenko I.O. , Dubinskaya O.Ya.
Published: January 2016

Purpose: to work out content of sport-oriented technology of physical education, based on prevalence of volleyball practicing. Material: in the research two experimental (n=25, n=25) and one control (n=25) groups of girl students participated. The content of sport-oriented technology, based on prevalence of volleyball practicing included additionally elements of fitness. студенток. Quickness of mental processes and efficiency of mind operations were assessed with the help of special cards, on which 9 dials with pointers were depicted. The sense of test was: addition of dials’ readings in mind; simultaneous calculation of value of scale one division; keeping in memory the previous sum of readings. This task was to be fulfilled for 6 minutes. Results: it was found that quickness of mental processes and mind operations as well as operative memory were at level below average. The most expressed positive factor was registered in group in which circle sport trainings were conducted. It was also found that over-fatigue at the end of academic year influences on testing indicators. Conclusions: the offered by us sport-oriented technology, based on prevalence of volleyball practicing can be recommended as effective mean of economic specialties girl students’ psycho-physical qualities’ strengthening.
Purposefulness of early application of physical rehabilitation means for improvement of external respiration system functional state of women with post mastectomies syndrome
Authors: Briskin Y.A. , Odinets T.Y.
Published: January 2016

Purpose: to determine purposefulness of early application of physical rehabilitation means for improvement of external respiration system functional state of women with post mastectomies syndrome. Material: in the research 135 women with post mastectomies syndrome, who endured radical mastectomy by Madden, participated. Women of main groups were trained in compliance with appropriate programs during one year. Effectiveness of trainings was controlled after half of year. Admission to trainings was given by oncologist. Patients of these groups belonged to third clinical group. At the beginning of dispensary period the groups were equal by all indicators of external system function. Results: it was found that early rehabilitation is more effective exclusively for indicators of bronchial patency. Complex, personality oriented program included: aqua-fitness; conditional swimming; health related aerobic and Pilates. It was found that after half year training advantages of early physical rehabilitation were noticed only in indicators of forced exhale volume at first second. Conclusions: we stated importance of early rehabilitation trainings of women with post mastectomies syndrome.
Determination of sportsmen’s individual characteristics with the help of mathematical simulation and methods of multi-dimensional analysis
Authors: Kozina Z.L. , Jagiello W. , Jagiello M.
Published: January 2016

Purpose: to create the most general mathematical models for determination of sportsmen’s individual motor abilities’ characteristics and individual features of qualified judo wrestlers’ fighting style. Material: in the research 22 sportsmen - judo wrestlers of average weight categories (60-81 kg) participated. Results: model, on the base of which it becomes possible to determine individual characteristics of sportsmen, has been found. With the help of factorial 4 main factors analysis of judo wrestlers’ complex fitness have been marked out. Cluster analysis of judo wrestlers’ testing indicators showed that all tested sportsmen could be divided in 3 groups (clusters). Conclusions: the received results witness about effectiveness of mathematical simulation methods, as well as methods of factorial and cluster analysis for determination of individual fighting styles of elite judo wrestlers. In their practical work coaches should apply principles of mathematical simulation for determination of individual features of fighting styles and work out methodic of judo wrestlers’ individual training.
Gender features of self-description of schoolchildren’s physical condition
Authors: Krutsevich T.Yu. , Marchenko O.Yu.
Published: January 2016

Purpose: to study age and gender features of schoolchildren’s attitude to their physical “self”. Material: in the research pupils of 5-11 forms (n=365) participated. They were: 177 boys and 188 girls. Individual profile of personality’s physical “self” was studied. For this purpose test-questionnaire was used and self description of physical condition. Results: it was found that self assessment of schoolchildren’s physical condition was too high. It was in average 80-85% from maximal indicator. It was also found that by all indicators sportsmen had higher self-esteem. For development of boys and girls’ individual abilities and bents, overcoming of gender-role stereotypes it is necessary to have knowledge about sex and gender specificities of schoolchildren’s physical development as well as about their influence on self esteem and formation of physical qualities. Conclusions: we showed that it was possible to correct physical education curriculum and its implementation in educational process.
Catholic Women in Homiletical Leadership: A Discussion of the Current State of Catholic Women Trained in Homiletics
Authors: Bellinger Karla J.
Published: January 2016

Prior to the establishment of the DMin degree at Aquinas Institute in 1996, there was no terminal degree in preaching from a Catholic institution of higher learning. Since that time, eighteen Catholic women have obtained doctorates in preaching. In November of 2014, the author surveyed that population to ask: Who are these women who are prepared for leadership in homiletics? What is their current situation? And what are their hopes, frustrations, and dreams? This essay summarizes the responses to those questions in order to open the discussion about Catholic women in homiletic leadership.
O convívio concomitante e frugal das escolas elementares públicas e privadas paulistanas
Authors: Prado Eliane Mimesse
Published: January 2016

Resumo Este artigo analisa as escolas elementares existentes na cidade de São Paulo nos anos iniciais do século XX. Serão analisadas apenas as escolas públicas isoladas e as privadas elementares subsidiadas pelo governo italiano. O período escolhido justifica-se pelo alto número de escolas subsidiadas em funcionamento na cidade. Objetiva-se entender como os governos paulista e italiano geriram essas escolas na cidade. As fontes utilizadas para esta pesquisa foram o periódico Fanfulla; os relatórios de diretores e inspetores do ensino, existentes nos Annuarios do Ensino do Estado de São Paulo , alocados no acervo do Arquivo Público do Estado de São Paulo; e o Annuario delle scuole italiane all'estero governative e sussidiate, que se encontra no acervo da Biblioteca Nazionale Centrale di Roma. A fundamentação baseou-se, entre outros autores, em Pereira (2010), que trouxe o contexto da cidade paulistana no período estudado; Souza (2009), por focar a escolarização primária; Salvetti (2014), que descreveu a constituição da associação "Dante Alighieri". Considera-se que as escolas subsistiram concomitantemente com objetivos similares, mas o governo paulistano conseguiu suprir, paulatinamente, em parte, a defasagem das vagas, solapando as escolas subsidiadas.
Qualidade social e produção do conhecimento
Authors: Magalhães Solange Martins Oliveira , Souza Ruth Catarina Cerqueiro Ribeiro de
Published: January 2016

Resumo Este trabalho resulta de pesquisa desenvolvida sobre a produção acadêmica de sete instituições organizadas em Rede. Neste artigo apresentamos um recorte referente aos dados das pesquisas sobre professores que se filiaram à abordagem dialética, do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação, da Faculdade de Educação, Universidade Federal de Goiás, período de 2008-2009. Trata-se de uma "pesquisa sobre pesquisas" realizada na perspectiva dialética. Desenvolveu-se uma meta-análise da produção, colocando em foco a questão da qualidade, a partir de sua perspectiva epistemológica e histórica. O grupo busca compreender se e como a produção manifesta a concepção de qualidade; se promove a qualidade mercadológica para a educação, sustentando o pensamento hegemônico e o consenso ativo, ou se promove qualidade social frente às políticas educacionais neoliberais, estruturando o pensamento contra-hegemônico. Articulam-se duas categorias na análise: método e ideário pedagógico. Concluímos que uma parcela dos trabalhos filiados ao materialismo histórico-dialético desenvolve adequadamente o método e o ideário pedagógico, postura que traduz a perspectiva da emancipação. São estudos propositivos, assumem a pesquisa acadêmica como práxis, situam-se contra o consenso ativo e a constituição da hegemonia. Outra parte do recorte analisado apresenta problemas epistemológicos, mesmo sendo os trabalhos filiados à base epistemológica crítica, por não desenvolverem adequadamente o método e construírem o ideário pedagógico na perspectiva neoliberal, o que sustenta a perspectiva hegemônica e o consenso ativo na produção do conhecimento.
"Eu, professora" em face da implementação da Política Nacional de ampliação do Ensino Fundamental na rede municipal de Curitiba, PR
Authors: Moro Catarina
Published: January 2016

Resumo Neste artigo se discute a visão de professoras acerca do vivido em decorrência da implementação do Ensino Fundamental de 9 anos. Trata-se de estudo qualitativo, na perspectiva da Psicologia Histórico-cultural. Foram realizadas entrevistas individuais com seis professoras do 1º Ano do Ensino Fundamental de 9 anos, da Rede Municipal de Curitiba. A análise das entrevistas teve como base a metodologia de Núcleos de Significação, proposta por Aguiar (2000, 2006) e Aguiar e Ozella (2006). A discussão focaliza o núcleo "Eu, professora" constituído para a interpretação da visão das professoras, articulado ao indicador "Sentimentos, dificuldades e soluções", que desvelam, a partir de singularidades próprias, o modo como as professoras sentem e enfrentam a realidade decorrente da implementação da Lei nº 11.274/06. Os relatos indicam um grande hiato entre a experiência vivenciada e as expectativas das professoras quanto às condições necessárias para a efetivação de práticas educativas adequadas. Nesse processo de implementação da política de ampliação do Ensino Fundamental, parece não se ter atentado para o fato de que as crenças e pensamentos dos professores trazem implicações para a implantação das políticas em geral (Mainardes, 2006; Santos & Vieira, 2006; Gomes, 2005; Sampaio & Marin, 2004; Barreto & Mitrulis, 1999), o que não é diferente para essa política, em específico.
Análise sobre variáveis explicativas da autoeficácia docente
Authors: Casanova Daniela Couto Guerreiro , Azzi Roberta Gurgel
Published: January 2016

Resumo Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar as possíveis relações explicativas entre variáveis pessoais, variáveis de atividade docente e variáveis contextuais e as crenças de autoeficácia docente de professores do ensino médio público paulista. Tal crença é entendida como o julgamento que o professor faz acerca de suas próprias capacidades para atingir resultados desejados de engajamento e aprendizagem dos alunos, mesmo entre aqueles que podem ser difíceis ou desmotivados, e tem sido associada à satisfação docente e ao sucesso escolar, dentre outras contribuições. Por meio de questionários obteve-se a participação de 201 educadores oriundos de 11 escolas do ABC Paulista, dos quais 180 eram professores do ensino médio e 21 eram gestores escolares. A análise de regressão linear multivariada constatou que as variáveis formação, crença de eficácia coletiva escolar e tempo de atuação na unidade escolar pesquisada mostraram-se significativamente explicativas da autoeficácia docente. A necessidade de se proporcionar formação docente que alie o desenvolvimento de habilidades e de autoeficácia, bem como condições para diminuir a rotatividade docente e fortalecer a crença de eficácia coletiva escolar são discutidas sob a ótica da teoria social cognitiva.
Donner du sens aux savoirs: la didactique, quarante ans après
Authors: Develay Michel
Published: January 2016

Resume La question centrale posée dans de nombreux pays concerne le sens des savoirs enseignés, interrogation à laquelle la didactique souhaite apporter sa contribution. Le texte joint s'intéresse à cette discipline à travers trois focales: a) l'émergence du regard didactique en France, il y a une quarantaine d'années, ses causes et la manière dont la didactique a pris ses distances d'avec la pédagogie; b) l'évolution de la réflexion didactique créatrice de concepts, jusqu'à son état actuel relativement amorphe; c) la didactique aujourd'hui, affrontant trois interrogations au cœur de l'école: la question du sens, l'énigme du rapport au savoir et la place de la Culture.
Inventários, espaço, memória e sensibilidades urbanas
Authors: Nogueira Antonio Gilberto Ramos
Published: January 2016

Resumo O artigo busca traçar algumas reflexões em torno da relação entre inventários e sensibilidades urbanas, tomando como base os desdobramentos do projeto "Patrimônio e História Local: Inventário de Referências Culturais do bairro Benfica (CE)", desenvolvido no âmbito do Grupo de Estudos e Pesquisas em Patrimônio e Memória (GEPPM)/ Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC)/ Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq). Ao identificar e documentar práticas, usos, apropriações e sentidos atribuídos por distintos sujeitos que estão ligados direta ou indiretamente aos espaços do bairro Benfica, diferentes sensibilidades foram acionadas revelando a história, a memória e o patrimônio da cidade. A aplicabilidade do inventário levantou a necessidade de problematizar a experiência sensível da urbe - marcas de outras temporalidades -, manifestada em sua materialidade e subjetividade. Nesta perspectiva, os inventários constituem-se como um exercício privilegiado de aprendizado no qual o dever da história e o lugar da memória, consubstanciados ao ensino da história, contribuem para desnaturalizar os usos do passado e o patrimônio da cidade. Com isso, o artigo aborda as potencialidades do inventário como recurso metodológico para a produção de conhecimento histórico e educação dos sentidos.
Qual a relação entre a cultura e o patrimônio? Uma parceria cultural no contexto museal com o meio escolar de aprendizagem de francês
Authors: Meunier Anik , Soulier Virginie
Published: January 2016

Resumo Este artigo apresenta a análise de um programa educativo museal concebido e realizado pelo Centre d'histoire de Montréal e pelo Musée de la Personne, direcionado a jovens e adolescentes imigrantes, oriundos de diferentes comunidades culturais e matriculados em classes de aprendizagem de francês. O processo de avaliação se inscreve numa lógica de compartilhamento, estabelecendo-se uma colaboração entre universidade, instituições museais e meio escolar. O trabalho se desenvolve no laboratório de história e patrimônio de Montreal, com vistas à troca de experiências e conhecimentos por parte de atores sociais, tanto do mundo universitário quanto por parceiros culturais. Especificamente, a análise focou na relação entre cultura e patrimônio perceptível no programa, assim como nas modalidades de recepção e apropriação destes conteúdos pelos alunos das escolas participantes.
Patrimônio cultural e museus: por uma educação dos sentidos
Authors: Pinheiro Áurea da Paz
Published: January 2016

Resumo Acreditamos que são ricas e complexas as relações entre patrimônio, educação e museus. Frente às crises políticas e econômicas, buscamos viver em um mundo atravessado por antagonismos os mais diversos, sobretudo, aqueles referentes às relações dos seres humanos com o ambiente, com o patrimônio cultural e natural, assim devemos considerar as interfaces entre cultura e economia, mas não perder de vista a importância da consciência social, sensível e cidadã.
Fatores econômicos e diferenças de gênero na prevalência do tabagismo em adultos
Authors: Paes Nelson Leitão
Published: January 2016

Resumo Este artigo apresenta um estudo em que busca identificar as variáveis econômicas relevantes na prevalência do cigarro para um grupo de 37 países. Utilizou-se a metodologia de estimação por regressão linear múltipla pelo método dos mínimos quadrados. O exercício econométrico é realizado por gênero, procurando examinar se há motivações diferentes para o consumo de cigarros entre a população adulta de homens e mulheres. Os resultados apontam que, embora a tributação seja um elemento comum na decisão de ambos os sexos, a decisão de fumar das mulheres é também sensível a preços e a outros fatores sociais e culturais. Estes fatores foram apreendidos no fato de que mulheres que residem em países que fazem parte da Organização para Cooperação e Desenvolvimento Econômico apresentam, de forma significativa, maior prevalência no consumo de cigarros. As evidências apresentadas neste estudo reforçam, portanto, a percepção de que a tributação é de fato um instrumento fundamental no controle do consumo de cigarros, mas que no caso específico das mulheres, preços mais elevados e a promoção de maior igualdade com os homens, são igualmente importantes.
O papel moderador do tipo de família na relação entre incapacidade funcional e qualidade de vida em doentes com lombalgia crônica
Authors: Ferreira Maria Salomé Martins , Pereira Maria da Graça
Published: January 2016

Resumo A lombalgia crônica constituise como uma doença que interfere na qualidade de vida e na capacidade funcional do paciente. Este estudo teve por objetivo identificar o efeito moderador do “Tipo de Família” na relação entre a incapacidade funcional e a qualidade de vida em doentes com lombalgia crônica. Participaram no estudo 213 pacientes com lombalgia há mais de 3 meses. Os instrumentos utilizados foram: Medical Outcome Study (MOS-20); Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ); Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scales (FACES II). Foram realizadas análises de regressão com o objetivo de testar o efeito moderador do tipo de família. Os resultados revelaram que os doentes com níveis mais baixos de incapacidade funcional apresentavam melhor qualidade de vida nas famílias intermédias e equilibradas, com relação mais forte nestas últimas. De acordo com os resultados, os programas de intervenção na lombalgia crônica, além do doente, devem incluir a família, particularmente nas equilibradas, que são as que mais sentem o impacto da doença na sua qualidade de vida.
Avaliação da versão brasileira da escala CRAFFT/CESARE para uso de drogas por adolescentes
Authors: Pereira Bruna Antunes de Aguiar Ximenes , Schram Patricia Franco Cintra , Azevedo Renata Cruz Soares de
Published: January 2016

Resumo O artigo tem por objetivos apresentar a versão brasileira da escala CRAFFT de triagem de uso de drogas entre adolescentes e analisar sua compreensibilidade. Estudo descritivo e quantitativo, que avaliou versão brasileira da escala CRAFFT, e aferiu sua aplicabilidade em amostra por conveniência composta por escolares de 14 a 21 anos, regularmente matriculados em duas escolas técnicas. Foram analisados: a dificuldade de compreensão; a capacidade de avaliação através da comparação com o questionário do CEBRID aplicado em 28,8% dos estudantes; e o percentual de adolescentes considerados CRAFFT/CESARE positivos pelo ponto de corte. O coeficiente Kappa foi aplicado como medida de concordância entre os questionários e diferenças psicométricas com pontos de corte diversos foram avaliadas pela curva ROC. A escala CRAFFT/CESARE foi aplicada em 2005 alunos, sendo 1882 da faixa etária determinada. Apenas 2,2% dos adolescentes referiu dificuldade com o entendimento das questões. A especificidade da escala CRAFFT/CESARE foi de 73,3% e a sensibilidade 87,1%. O grau de concordância foi considerado bom (0,461). O CRAFFT/CESARE foi positivo em 36,2% dos adolescentes.