bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Steroidogenesis and androgen/estrogen signaling pathways are altered in in vitro matured testicular tissues of prepubertal mice
Authors: Moutard Laura , Goudin Caroline , Jaeger Catherine , Duparc Céline , Louiset Estelle , Pereira Tony , Fraissinet François , Delessard Marion , Saulnier Justine , Rives-Feraille Aurélie , Delalande Christelle , Lefebvre Hervé , Rives Nathalie , Dumont Ludovic , Rondanino Christine
Published: May 2023

Cancer treatments such as chemotherapy can have gonadotoxic effects. In order to preserve and restore the fertility of prepubertal patients with cancer, testicular biopsies are frozen and could theoretically be later matured
in vitro
to produce spermatozoa for assisted reproductive technology. A complete
in vitro
spermatogenesis has been obtained from prepubertal testicular tissue in the mouse model, although the sperm yield was low. Since steroid hormones play an essential role in spermatogenesis, it appears necessary to ensure that their synthesis and mechanisms of action are not altered in
in vitro
cultured tissues. The aim of this study was therefore to investigate steroidogenesis as well as androgen and estrogen signaling during
in vitro
maturation of mouse prepubertal testicular tissues.Histological, RT-qPCR, Western blot analyses, measurements of cholesterol, steroid hormones levels and aromatase activity were performed on fresh or frozen/thawed
in vitro
cultured mouse testicular tissues from 6.5 days
postpartum
(d
pp
) mice as well as on age-matched
in vivo
controls.A similar density of Leydig cells (LC) was found after 30 days of organotypic culture (D30) and at 36.5 d
pp
, the corresponding
in vivo
time point. However, LC were partially mature after
in vitro
culture, with decreased
Sult1e1
and
Insl3
mRNA levels (adult LC markers). Moreover, the transcript levels of
Cyp11a1
,
Cyp17a1
and
Hsd17b3
encoding steroidogenic enzymes were decreased
in vitro
. Increased amounts of progesterone and estradiol and reduced androstenedione intratesticular levels were observed at D30. Furthermore, androgen signaling was altered at D30, with decreased transcript levels of androgen target genes (
Rhox5
,
Septin12
). Moreover, the expression and activity of aromatase and estrogen signaling were impaired at D30. The addition of hCG to the organotypic culture medium induced an elevation in androgen production but did not improve sperm yield.In conclusion, this study reports partial LC maturation, disturbed steroidogenic activity of LC, abnormal steroid hormone content as well as altered androgen and estrogen signaling in cultures of fresh and frozen/thawed prepubertal mouse testicular tissues. The organotypic culture system will need to be further improved to increase the efficiency of
in vitro
spermatogenesis and allow a clinical application.
Humans parsimoniously represent auditory sequences by pruning and completing the underlying network structure
Authors: Benjamin Lucas , Fló Ana , Al Roumi Fosca , Dehaene-Lambertz Ghislaine
Published: May 2023

Successive auditory inputs are rarely independent, their relationships ranging from local transitions between elements to hierarchical and nested representations. In many situations, humans retrieve these dependencies even from limited datasets. However, this learning at multiple scale levels is poorly understood. Here, we used the formalism proposed by network science to study the representation of local and higher-order structures and their interaction in auditory sequences. We show that human adults exhibited biases in their perception of local transitions between elements, which made them sensitive to high-order network structures such as communities. This behavior is consistent with the creation of a parsimonious simpliﬁed model from the evidence they receive, achieved by pruning and completing relationships between network elements. This observation suggests that the brain does not rely on exact memories but on a parsimonious representation of the world. Moreover, this bias can be analytically modeled by a memory/efficiency trade-off. This model correctly accounts for previous findings, including local transition probabilities as well as high-order network structures, unifying sequence learning across scales. We finally propose putative brain implementations of such bias.
ZMYM2 controls transposable element transcription through distinct co-regulatory complexes
Authors: Owen Danielle , Aguilar-Martinez Elisa , Ji Zongling , Li Yaoyong , Sharrocks Andrew D.
Published: May 2023

ZMYM2 is a zinc finger transcriptional regulator that plays a key role in promoting and maintaining cell identity. It has been implicated in several diseases such as congenital anomalies of the kidney where its activity is diminished and cancer where it participates in oncogenic fusion protein events. ZMYM2 is thought to function through promoting transcriptional repression and here we provide more evidence to support this designation. We demonstrate that ZMYM2 is part of distinct chromatin-bound complexes including the established LSD1-CoREST-HDAC1 corepressor complex and identify new functional and physical interactions with ADNP and TRIM28/KAP1. The ZMYM2-TRIM28 complex forms in a SUMO-dependent manner and is associated with repressive chromatin. ZMYM2 and TRIM28 show strong functional similarity and co-regulate a large number of genes. However, there are no strong links between ZMYM2-TRIM28 binding events and nearby individual gene regulation. Instead, ZMYM2-TRIM28 appears to regulate genes in a more regionally defined manner within TADs where it can directly regulate co-associated retrotransposon expression. We find that different types of ZMYM2 binding complex associate with and regulate distinct subclasses of retrotransposons, with ZMYM2-ADNP complexes at SINEs and ZMYM2-TRIM28 complexes at LTR elements. We propose a model whereby ZMYM2 acts directly through retrotransposon regulation, which may then potentially affect the local chromatin environment and associated coding gene expression.UCSC browser session containing the peak tracks: http://genome.ucsc.edu/cgi-bin/hgTracks?db=hg19&position=chr1:18,078,462-18,084,961&hide=all&hgct_customText=http://bartzabel.ls.manchester.ac.uk/sharrockslab/yaoyong/ZNF198/index_file_hg19_chipSeq_ZMYM2_final.txtOriginal ChIP-seq and ATAC-seq data from U2OS cells can be viewed On ArrayExpress at: E-MTAB-12292 (ADNP and TRIM28 ChIP-seq), E-MTAB-12293 (SUMO ChIP-seq) and E-MTAB-12294 (ATAC-seq)
Structural insight into guanylyl cyclase receptor hijacking of the kinase–Hsp90 regulatory mechanism
Authors: Caveney Nathanael A , Tsutsumi Naotaka , Garcia K Christopher
Published: May 2023

Membrane receptor guanylyl cyclases play a role in many important facets of human physiology, ranging from regulation of blood pressure to the regulation of intestinal fluid secretion. The structural mechanisms which influence the regulation of these important physiological effects have yet to be explored. We present the 3.9 Å resolution cryoEM structure of the human membrane receptor guanylyl cyclase GC-C in complex with Hsp90 and its co-chaperone Cdc37, providing insight into the mechanism of Cdc37 mediated binding of GC-C to the Hsp90 regulatory complex. As a membrane protein and non-kinase client of Hsp90–Cdc37, this work shows remarkable plasticity of Cdc37 to interact with a broad array of clients having significant sequence variation. Further, this work shows how membrane receptor guanylyl cyclases hijack the regulatory mechanisms used for active kinases to facilitate their regulation. Given the known druggability of Hsp90, these insights can guide the further development of mGC targeted therapeutics and lead to new avenues to treat hypertension, inflammatory bowel disease, and other mGC related conditions.
Tetraose steroidal glycoalkaloids from potato can provide complete protection against fungi and insects
Authors: Wolters Pieter J. , Wouters Doret , Tikunov Yury M. , Ayilalath Shimlal , Kodde Linda P. , Strijker Miriam , Caarls Lotte , Visser Richard G. F. , Vleeshouwers Vivianne G. A. A.
Published: May 2023

Plants with innate disease and pest resistance can contribute to more sustainable agriculture. Plant breeders typically focus on immune receptors or impaired susceptibility genes to develop resistant crops, but these can present challenges in terms of strength, durability or pleotropic effects. Although natural defence compounds produced by plants have the potential to provide a general protective effect against pathogens and pests, they are not a primary target in resistance breeding. The precise contribution of defence metabolites to plant immunity is often unclear and the genetics underlying their biosynthesis is complex. Here, we identified a wild relative of potato,
Solanum commersonii
, that provides us with unique insight in the role of glycoalkaloids in plant immunity. We cloned two atypical resistance genes that can provide complete resistance to
Alternaria solani
and Colorado potato beetle through the production of tetraose steroidal glycoalkaloids. Moreover, we show that these compounds are active against a wide variety of fungi. This research provides a direct link between specific modifications to steroidal glycoalkaloids of potato and resistance against diseases and pests. Further research on the biosynthesis of plant defence compounds in different tissues, their toxicity, and the mechanisms for detoxification, can aid the effective use of such compounds to improve sustainability of our food production.
Differential translation of mRNA isoforms underlies oncogenic activation of cell cycle kinase Aurora A
Authors: Cacioppo Roberta , Akman Hesna Begum , Tuncer Taner , Erson-Bensan Ayse Elif , Lindon Catherine
Published: May 2023

Aurora Kinase A (AURKA) is an oncogenic kinase with major roles in mitosis, but also exerts cell cycle- and kinase-independent functions linked to cancer. Therefore, control of its expression, as well as its activity, is crucial. A short and a long 3′UTR isoform exist for AURKA mRNA, resulting from alternative polyadenylation (APA). We initially observed that in triple-negative breast cancer, where AURKA is typically overexpressed, the short isoform is predominant and this correlates with faster relapse times of patients. The short isoform is characterized by higher translational efficiency since translation and decay rate of the long isoform are targeted by hsa-let-7a tumor-suppressor miRNA. Additionally, hsa-let-7a regulates the cell cycle periodicity of translation of the long isoform, whereas the short isoform is translated highly and constantly throughout interphase. Finally, disrupted production of the long isoform led to an increase in proliferation and migration rates of cells. In summary, we uncovered a new mechanism dependent on the cooperation between APA and miRNA targeting likely to be a route of oncogenic activation of human AURKA.
LOS JÓVENES DEL NARCO EN CHILE, VÍCTIMAS Y VICTIMARIOS. "BUGANVILIA" DE RODRIGO CORTÉS
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Vásquez Ainhoa
Published: May 2023

Buganvilia (2018) es la primera novela del escritor chileno Rodrigo Cortés, ganadora del Premio Revista de Libros de El Mercurio. Acorde con lo que ha ocurrido en las narcoficciones colombianas y mexicanas, en ella se presenta a los jóvenes como actores duales, es decir, como víctimas de un sistema social y económico que los ataca y margina, así como victimarios que utilizan la violencia contra sus pares como un modo de supervivencia ante estas inequidades. En este artículo propongo, valiéndome del concepto “juvenicidio” propuesto por José Manuel Valenzuela, que Cortés denuncia las diversas agresiones que viven niños y adolescentes en situación de marginalidad y pobreza en los barrios periféricos de Santiago. Esto lo lleva a construir un retrato de una sociedad degradada en la que se carece de gestos mínimos de empatía, solidaridad o estrategias comunitarias de resistencia, lo que da por resultado la imposibilidad de avanzar o escapar a estas condiciones precarias.
NOTICIAS SOBRE EL FRANCISCANO GREGORIO FARÍAS Y SU OBRA "ESCOTIDA" (1744), UN POEMA ÉPICO RELIGIOSO SOBRE JOHN DUNS SCOTO
Authors:   Universidad de los Andes, Donoso Rodríguez Miguel
Published: May 2023

Desconocida es la figura del franciscano Gregorio Farías. Nacido en Valdivia hacia 1702, es el autor del poema épico religioso Escotida, fechado en 1744 y dedicado al franciscano y teólogo escocés John Duns Scoto (1265-1308), famoso por haber sido uno de los primeros en defender la Inmaculada Concepción de la Virgen María, tema que atraviesa toda la obra. La obra en cuestión se conserva en dos manuscritos, resguardado uno en el monasterio benedicitino de Las Condes, en Santiago de Chile, y el otro en la Biblioteca Nacional de España. Dilucidar relevantes aspectos textuales de la obra y algunos problemas autoriales es el objetivo planteado en este trabajo, que desembocará en una edición crítica del texto.
PERCEPCIÓN EN LA RECUPERACIÓN DE LA SALUD Y LOS CUIDADOS DE ENFERMERÍA
Authors:   Fundación Universitaria de San Gil (UNISANGIL), San Gil, Santander, Colombia, Olarte Rueda Graciela , Delgado Greys Milena ,   Fundación Universitaria de San Gil (UNISANGIL), San Gil, Santander, Colombia, Morales Liliam Yineth ,   Fundación Universitaria de San Gil (UNISANGIL), San Gil, Santander, Colombia, Pabón Ingrid Juliana ,   Fundación Universitaria de San Gil (UNISANGIL), San Gil, Santander, Colombia, Salazar Julieth Tatiana ,   Fundación Universitaria de San Gil (UNISANGIL), San Gil, Santander, Colombia
Published: May 2023

INTRODUCCIÓN: El trato humanizado es cuando un profesional aborda el cuidado y la familia, compartiendo experiencias, apreciando valores y reconociendo la individualidad de la otra persona. OBJETIVO: Determinar la percepción en la recuperación de la salud de la persona hospitalizada respecto a la calidad de los cuidados de enfermería en el hospital regional de San Gil. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio descriptivo-transversal, la muestra estuvo conformada por 101 personas hospitalizadas que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión, se aplicó el Instrumento sobre la Percepción en la recuperación de la salud de la persona hospitalizada respecto a la calidad de los cuidados de enfermería en el hospital regional de San Gil, los resultados se analizaron en el programa estadístico SPSS. RESULTADOS: El 97,0% (n=98) de los encuestados dicen que la buena relación de enfermera persona si mejora su estado de salud CONCLUSIÓN: El profesional de enfermería brinda un cuidado al aspecto o necesidad emocional del paciente creando un entorno confortable siendo este el motivo por el cual se sienta más a gusto con la atención recibida.
GESTIÓN DEL CAPITAL VENOSO DE LOS RECIÉN NACIDOS HOSPITALIZADOS: CATETER DE LÍNEA MEDIA (CM) CON TÉCNICA ADAPTADA. SERVICIO DE NEONATOLOGÍA, HOSPITAL PÚBLICO DE CHILE
Authors:   Hospital Clínico Félix Bulnes. Santiago, Chile, Ramírez Aguilera Nicolás , Valencia Plaza Isabel ,   Servicio de Neonatología, Hospital Clínico Félix Bulnes, Santiago, Chile, Negrete Enzo ,   Servicio de Neonatología, Hospital Clínico Félix Bulnes, Santiago, Chile, Rivas-Riveros Edith ,   Directora Magíster en Enfermería, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
Published: May 2023

INTRODUCCIÓN: El catéter midline o de línea media (CM) es un dispositivo de acceso vascular que mide de 6 a 20cm, con la punta del dispositivo ubicado en venas basílica, braquial o cefálica debajo del pliegue axilar. El catéter de línea media se caracteriza por ser un acceso confiable y proporcionar menores complicaciones que un catéter intravenoso periférico corto. Este tipo de dispositivo vascular se ha utilizado ampliamente en adultos, pero faltan estudios desarrollados en el área neonatal. OBJETIVO: fue describir las características de la utilización de catéter midline con técnica adaptada en recién nacidos hospitalizados con necesidad de terapia intravascular en un hospital público de Chile, durante 2 años de seguimiento. METODOLOGÍA: Investigación descriptiva y retrospectiva, estuvo orientada a la identificación de las variables relacionadas a: tiempo de permanencia, características de la terapia intravascular, sitio de inserción, complicaciones y causa de retiro. RESULTADOS: La muestra estuvo conformada por 163 usuarios entre 24 y 41 semanas de edad gestacional, peso de nacimiento en un rango de 500 y 4880 gramos. El 87,7% se retiró por término de tratamiento intravascular, mientras que el 12,3% del total de los CM presentó complicaciones. El promedio de rendimiento del CM fue de 7,99 días, el sitio de inserción más frecuente correspondió a extremidad superior derecha, mientras que su utilización estuvo dada principalmente para fleboterapia, antibióticos y nutrición parenteral periférica. CONCLUSIÓN: Se concluye que el CM con técnica adaptada en usuarios neonatales presenta una alta tasa de éxito para completar la terapia intravascular periférica y bajo porcentaje de complicaciones.
DIAGNÓSTICO DE LA FORMACIÓN DE LOS PASANTES DE ENFERMERÍA PARA LA ATENCIÓN EN LOS ESCENARIOS CLÍNICOS DURANTE LA PANDEMIA COVID-19
Authors:   Enfermería, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México, México, González Velázquez María Susana , Blanco Borjas Dolly Marlene ,   Enfermería, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México, México, Sarabia Adiel Agama ,   Enfermería, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México, México, de la Peña León Belinda ,   Enfermería, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México, México, Pluma Villicaña Nadia Berenice ,   Enfermería, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México, México, Mendoza Membrila Magali Yolotzi ,   Enfermería, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México, México
Published: May 2023

INTRODUCCIÓN: En el área de la salud, el servicio social pretende que el futuro profesional de la salud ponga en práctica y consolide toda una serie de conocimientos, habilidades, capacidades y destrezas durante la atención de salud de calidad brindada a la sociedad en alguna institución u organización pública o privada. OBJETIVO: Describir la formación de los pasantes de enfermería para la atención en los escenarios de servicio social. METODOLOGÍA: Se trata de un estudio observacional, de carácter transversal donde participaron 268 pasantes de Enfermería de la generación 2018-2021 de la Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM). RESULTADOS: De la población total de pasantes, el 78% correspondió al sexo femenino y el 22% al sexo masculino. Por niveles de atención se encontró que el 34% de los pasantes lo realizan en el Primer Nivel, el 33% en el 3er y en el 2º Nivel de Atención. Los principales servicios por los que han rotado en los meses de la pasantía son Urgencias y Hospitalización, Consulta Externa, Ginecología, Quirófano y Administración. Los servicios de urgencias y hospitalización fueron en donde los pasantes manifestaron las mayores dificultades con un 54%. El 36,9% de los pasantes manifestaron deficiencias en los aspectos teóricos.
Brechas de género en la productividad científica: una aproximación desde Chile
Authors:   Universidad de Tarapacá, Araneda-Guirriman Carmen , Pedraja-Rejas Liliana ,   Universidad de Tarapacá, Sepúlveda-Páez Geraldy ,   Universidad de Tarapacá
Published: May 2023

El objetivo de este trabajo es estudiar la productividad científica de las y los investigadores en Chile durante 2019 a partir de un análisis bibliométrico descriptivo de los artículos científicos publicados durante dicho año. Para ello, se trabajó con las bases de Scival y Dataciencia desde donde se obtuvieron los datos de publicaciones de los investigadores e investigadoras más productivos y que contaban con un índice h. Los datos considerados fueron el número de publicaciones, el índice h, y el número de citas. A partir de los resultados, se evidencia una diferencia de género en el número de publicaciones y consecuentemente en el índice h. En efecto, las mujeres publican en menor medida que sus pares masculinos, lo que a su vez impacta en que tengan un menor promedio de índice h. Por lo tanto, se puede establecer la existencia de una brecha de género en las publicaciones científicas de dicho año. Los resultados demuestran que en el grupo de investigadores más productivos predominan los hombres. Asimismo, existe una subrepresentación de las autoras en la productividad científica de mayor impacto; por el contrario, sus homólogos masculinos destacan por un mayor número de publicaciones promedio y también un mayor índice h.
Management of Colocutaneous Fistula with Surgical Intervention: A Case Report
Authors: Kumar BB Sunil , Sharath Pritvik B
Published: May 2023

A colocutaneous fistula is a type of enterocutaneous fistula where communication exists between the colon and the skin of the abdominal wall. The present case report was of postoperative colocutaneous fistula in a 32-year-old male patient, who had undergone left open nephrectomy. This is unique, as nephrectomy is not a procedure that is usually associated with such colocutaneous fistulas, particularly as this was a case of non functioning kidney and was not associated with severe inflammation or adhesions, which are usually prerequisites for a fistula to arise. Following surgery, patient developed feculent discharge from the drain in the early postoperative period. A Contrast Enhanced Computed Tomography (CECT) scan for evaluation of the cause of leak was done, which showed a colocutaneous fistula arising from the proximal descending colon with an abscess surrounding the fistula tract. The abscess was drained and conservative management was initially attempted to allow for spontaneous resolution of the fistula as spontaneous closure is the norm, when there are no unfavourable factors hindering spontaneous closure, as was the case in this patient. However, despite all factors being favourable for spontaneous closure of the fistula, it failed to occur in the present case. Furthermore, this patient required multiple surgical procedures, which is also unusual for a fistula such as this, where all factors being favourable for its spontaneous healing. Closure of the fistula was finally being achieved by resection of the fistula tract along with the segment of the bowel containing the internal opening. The present case report highlighted the challenges posed by cases of colocutaneous fistulas and shows that thorough knowledge of all the treatment modalities available for its treatment, is required to successfully treat it.
Comparative Evaluation of Rate of Intrusion and Amount of Periapical Root Resorption with Temporary Anchorage Devices and Connecticut Intrusion Arch in Adult PopulationA Prospective Interventional Study
Authors: Kaiser Japneet Kaur , Kamble Ranjit , Shrivastav Sunita , Nerurkar Sumukh , Toshniwal Nandlal Girijalal
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Deep bite is a complaint where there is an increase the in the vertical overlap between the upper and lower arch front teeth. Deep bite is a relatively short face with a square gonial angle and flat mandibular plane are related to the skeletal dimensions that influence this condition. An untreated, deep overbite leads to the problems such as: abnormally increased wear and harm to the teeth, periodontal complains issues with occluding and chewing food, headaches and Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD), painful sores or ulcers, loss of tooth structure and tooth itself. There are various treatment modalities which aid in correction of these anomalies. Such as: mini screw implants Temporary Anchorage Devices (TADs) and various intrusion arches. Need of the Study: Due to the paucity of evidence regarding rate of intrusion and the correlation of root resorption with use of bilateral TADs and Connecticut Intrusion Arch (CIA), with the aid of Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT), the present study will be conducted to provide an insight into the efficacy of both treatment modalities to correct deep bite and identify which of the two modalities provide less damage to the root and surrounding structure. Materials and Methods: The following prospective interventional study will be conducted in the Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Sharad Pawar Dental College, Sawangi, Meghe, Wardha, Maharashtra, India. The duration of study will be two years. A sample of 20 patients will be split into two groups to perform the study. Bilateral TADs will be implanted in group A, while CIA will be placed in group B to allow for the intrusion of front teeth. All the patients will be started with initial levelling and alignment using MBT 0.022” bracket prescription. After leveling and alignment miniscrew implants (TADs) will be placed in the labial cortical plates in between the lateral and canine bilaterally in Group A and CIA will be placed in patients allotted to Group B. CBCT records will be collected in the following time intervals: Before applying intrusion mechanics (T0 ), After one month of applying intrusion mechanics (T1 ), three months after applying intrusion mechanics; (T2 ) six months after applying intrusion mechanics (T3 ). Rate of intrusion and amount of root resorption will be assessed and compared between these time intervals. Expected Outcome: The rate of intrusion using different intrusion mechanics have been assessed by other studies, however, they have not been correlated with the amount of root resorption caused by these technique. Therefore, the present study intends to evaluate and compare the rate of intrusion and the amount of root resorption of maxillary anterior teeth using TADs and CIA and thereby assessing better modality in correction of deep bite.
Prevalence of Anxiety amongst Interns while Performing Treatments in Dental Colleges of Navi Mumbai: A Cross-sectional Survey
Authors: Gokhale Sanika Samir , Jadhav Karishma Dattatray , Verma Jayeeta
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Anxiety is one of the most commonly experienced disorders across gender and all ages. Dental anxiety seen in patients prior to or during treatment is a well-researched topic. However, anxiety experienced by interns while treating patients in the dental college is a lesser explored side of the same coin. Aim: To evaluate and understand the prevalence of anxiety experienced by dental interns while performing treatments in a college clinical set-up and studies the various factors precipitating anxiety. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional survey was conducted using Google forms, amongst interns of five dental colleges in Navi Mumbai region from July 2021 to October 2021. A sample size of 350 was derived by convenient sampling method. The parameters assessed via questionnaire through a Likert-type response scale included various factors precipitating anxiety amongst interns such as performing invasive dental treatments, lack of in-depth knowledge of procedures, age, attitude and medical conditions of patients, encountering complications while treating patients, presence of supervision and working with anxious peers. Chi-square test was performed to analyse collected data, extract results and draw a conclusion. Results: Out of 350 participants, 332 showed symptoms of anxiety while treating patients in clinics. No significant gender predilection was noted for anxiety (p=0.544). Factors precipitating anxiety included performing invasive dental treatments (p=0.0004), lack of in-depth knowledge of certain procedures (p=0.020), patient’s attitude (p=0.017), treating patients with certain medical conditions (p=0.035) as well as encountering complications while treating patients (p=0.022). A significant number of participants thought that anxiety leads to more procedural errors (p=0.010). The need to incorporate anxiety management in the dental curriculum was observed (p=0.023). Conclusion: The results of this study showed prevalence of anxiety amongst dental students and highlighted the need to incorporate anxiety management programs in the curriculum. Preparing interns to cope with anxiety resulting from treating patients seems to be of importance for their future clinical practice.
Recent Advances of Aesthetic Gynaecology: A Narrative Review
Authors: Halani Dhruva Piyush , Jaiswal Arpita
Published: May 2023

In the vast field of gynaecology, Female Cosmetic Genital Surgery (FCGS) is the newest and fastest growing sub specialty due to sexual distress and vaginal laxity. It includes operations intended to alter the genitalia of women in terms of function and/or aesthetics. Using electronic databases including MEDLINE/PubMed, Embase, and Scopus, a literature review search with current advancements was carried out without regard to dates or research designs. The search was based on 40 different cosmetic gynaecological terms, including “surgical vaginoplasty,” “labiaplasty,” “vaginal rejuvenation,” “vaginismus,” and “energy based devices,” amongst others. All english full-text prospective, retrospective, and interventional studies describing cosmetic gynaecological procedures that included at least five participants were considered. Efficacy and satisfaction metrics were highly variable ranging from validated questionnaires to no outcome subjectively or objectively quantified. This review provides an overview of the developing field of cosmetic gynaecology as well as the opinions of the authors and current developments in the study of this therapeutic area. Vaginal laxity is common and may impact sexual function and quality of life. Expanding aesthetic gynaecology may benefit the patients in their Female Sexual Function Inventory (FSFI) scores, intimate wellness, and psychosocial function.
Seroprevalence of Human Papillomavirus Infection among Female Sex Workers in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Southern India
Authors: Kalpanaraj Dorairaj , Rajasekaran Chandrasekaran , Selvi Rengan , Duraivel Murugan
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) are generally acquired through sexual contact, and the risk is very high for Female Sex Workers (FSWs). The most common STI in FSWs is Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Majority of the HPV infection is asymptomatic, while a minority of the infection is responsible for causing cervical cancer. High-Risk HPV (HR-HPV) serotypes, HPV 16 and HPV 18, are known to cause cervical cancer. Aim: To determine the seroprevalence of HPV infection among FSWs attending STD clinic at a tertiary care hospital in Southern India. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was done during the period between September 2015 and August 2016 in a total of 65 FSWs in Govt. Stanley Medical College, a tertiary care hospital in Chennai, Southern India. The serum was separated after 5 mL of blood was drawn to test for the presence of HPV 16 and 18, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), and syphilis. Endocervical and vaginal swab specimens were taken to look for the presence of other STIs. Necessary socio-demographic and clinical information such as mode of sex, any sexual exposure, extramarital or premarital, protected sex or not, history of associated STIs, and any history of blood transfusion, i.v. drug abuse, or surgery was also obtained. Statistical analysis was done using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 20.0 software. Probability value (p-value) <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Analysis of the blood samples showed that four samples were found positive for HPV infection, while two samples each were positive for HIV and syphilis. Analysis of the swab specimens showed the presence of other associated STIs in 20 samples. Among the four HPV positive samples, three were found positive for HPV 16, and one was positive for HPV 18. Risk factors such as age, marital status, HIV, and syphilis had a very strong association with HPV infection (p-value<0.01). Conclusion: The prevalence of HR-HPV serotype HPV 16 was higher than HPV 18. Hence, education about STIs, safer sexual practices, and HPV vaccination are essential in this population in order to prevent the transmission of infection to the general population.
PHARMACOGNOSTIC AND ANALYTICAL STUDY OF CHANDRODAYA VARTI: AN AYURVEDIC FORMULATION
Authors: Khatri Neetu , Verma Anjali , Gupta Ajay Kumar , . Hemprakash
Published: May 2023

Chandrodaya varti is a herbomineral compound indicated for ophthalmic diseases. Its ingredients consist of specific properties so that they can be used in managing Garbhasya grivagata vrana (Cervical Erosion). Chandrodaya Varti constitutes 9 ingredients, of which 6 are herbal drugs, 1 mineral, 1 sea and 1 animal origin. The pharmacognostic and analytical study revealed the specific characteristics of all active constituents used in preparation. The present work was carried out to standardize the finished product of Chandrodaya varti to confirm its identity, quality and purity. The presence of oil globules, starch grains, stone cells, macro sclereids stone cells, rhizome and prismatic crystal were the microscopic features of the powder of the prepared drug. Physiochemical analysis of Chandrodaya varti showed a loss on drying value of 8.9%, a water-soluble extractive value of 36.1%, alcohol soluble extractive of 26.9%, total ash of 10.9%, acid insoluble ash of 10.8%, pH 5.85 and the physicochemical analysis of Chandrodaya varti ash showed the loss on drying 0.01%, water-soluble extractive 34.4%, alcohol soluble extractive 9.8% and pH 13.37. HPTLC of Chandrodaya varti is the preliminary quantitative analysis which shows 11 spots at Rf value 0.11, 0.15, 0.21, 0.28, 0.31, 0.38, 0.47, 0.54, 0.62, 0.68, 0.79 in UV 254 nm and 11 spots at Rf value 0.15, 0.21, 0.31, 0.38, 0.42, 0.50, 0.54, 0.62, 0.79, 0.82, 0.89 in UV 366 nm and 7 spots at Rf value 0.15, 0.31, 0.42, 0.50, 0.54, 0.62, 0.79 in UV 540 nm.
EFFECT OF ROOKSHANA PURVAKA VAMANA KARMA IN THE MANAGEMENT OF STHULA MADHUMEHA WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: DM Shreyas , Goud Kiran M , KN Vinaykumar
Published: May 2023

Background: Sthula Madhumeha is a disease caused mainly due to apathya ahara sevana involves the santarpanottha pathology. In modern parlance, it is identified with Type 2 Diabetes mellitus. Though oral hypoglycemic agents relieve hyperglycemia temporarily, there is a need for better management of this condition. As sthula madhumeha involves abishyanna, mahadosha and marmasthana in its manifestation, rookshana was employed before posting to shodhana karma. Objectives: To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of rookshana purvaka vamana karma in sthula madhumeha with special reference to Type 2 Diabetes mellitus. Methods: It is a prospective clinical study where a minimum of 20 patients of either gender diagnosed as sthula madhumeha with special reference to Type 2 Diabetes mellitus were selected. Results: The overall results in the study revealed statistically highly significant results after udvartana and after vamana karma in all the subjective and objective parameters. Interpretation and Conclusion: The disease is santarpanottha, so rookshana purvaka vamana karma has been adopted here. The overall results in the study revealed statistically highly significant results after udvartana and after vamana karma.
EVALUATION OF ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF SIDDHA HERBO-MINERAL FORMULATION: SURANGUSA PARPAM
Authors: G Manikandan , MR Srinivasan , P Kayalvizhi , MK Sangeetha , K Rajakumar
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Medicinal plants, minerals and some marine products can potentially treat medical conditions in the long term based on error and trial methods. Surangusa parpam, one of the Siddha herbo-mineral formulations, is mentioned in the classical Siddha text and indicated for respiratory illnesses like cough, cold, fever, bronchial asthma and intestinal tuberculosis. Objectives: This study was designed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of the trial drug Surangusa parpam. Materials and Methods: The trial drug Surangusa parpam is prepared as per literature and inflammation is induced in the experimental animal’s carrageenan-induced paw oedema model. The trial drug Surangusa parpam and standard indomethacin are given orally for the anti-inflammatory effects. The anti-inflammatory effects were measured at regular intervals, and the percentage of the inhibition of paw oedema was to compare the effect of the trial medicine with the control and standard. Results: The trial drug showed significant improvement in the percentage inhibition of paw oedema in graded doses compared to control in the carrageenan-induced paw oedema model. 15 and 35 mg/kg of the trial drug showed significant inhibition of paw oedema at 55.9 % and 58.9 % compared with the control. Conclusion: Anti-inflammatory activity is seen with the graded dose of the trial drug. It can be concluded that the herbo-mineral formulation showed significant anti-inflammatory activity.
Effect of Hydrogel and Mulching on Soil Moisture, Yield and Economics on Yellow Passion Fruit in Embu and Kiambu Counties, Kenya
Authors: Michoma J. M. , Mugwe J. N. , Korir N. , Mwangi M.
Published: May 2023

Inadequate rainfall is a significant problem hindering the production of most crops in dryland regions. The current study was carried out to assess the effect of selected soil-water conserving interventions on soil moisture, growth, yield, quality, and profitability of yellow passion fruit. The experiment was laid in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) at Kenyatta University (Kiambu County) and Ugweri (Embu County). The treatments were: grass mulch, plastic mulch, hydrogel 10 g per plant (49 g m-2) + plastic mulch, hydrogel 20 g per plant (98 g m-2), hydrogel 10 g per plant + grass mulch, and a control (no hydrogel, no mulch). Results showed significant effects of treatments on soil moisture, growth, and yield of yellow passion fruit at both sites.  Hydrogel 10 g per plant + plastic mulch treatment had significantly higher mean soil moisture than other treatments during all the sampling dates.  The treatments: hydrogel 10 g per plant + plastic mulch, hydrogel 10 g per plant + grass mulch, and plastic mulch, recorded the highest average vine length. Hydrogel 10 g per plant + plastic mulch treatment had significantly higher yields than other treatments during 46, 48, 50, and 52 weeks after transplanting (WAT) at both sites.  Treatments did not significantly affect the total soluble solids (TSS) of fruits. At Ugweri, hydrogel 10 g per plant + plastic mulch and hydrogel 10 g per plant + grass mulch had higher net benefits; 2599.00 USD ha-1 and 2455.10 USD ha-1, respectively. At Kenyatta University, hydrogel 10 g per plant + plastic mulch provided significantly higher net benefit (3390.40 USD ha-1) than other treatments. Based on the results, hydrogel 10 g per plant + plastic mulch and hydrogel 10 g per plant + grass mulch are recommended for yellow passion fruit growers in regions facing water scarcity.
Depression and Alcohol Use Disorder Co-Morbidity among Undergraduate Students in University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria
Authors: Okeafor Chukwuma U. , Obi Ruth A. , Ojule Inumanye N.
Published: May 2023

Background: Vulnerable developmental stage is encountered by university undergraduate students, where substantial changes happen in their body, brain, environment and socialization. This may result to increased vulnerability to develop addiction, alcohol use disorder and mental health disorders. Alcohol use disorderand Depression both pose problems in public health.

Objectives: To determine the prevalence and the socio-demographic correlates of alcohol use disorder and depression co-morbidity among undergraduate.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Lulu Briggs Health Centre of the University of Port Harcourt. Systematic sampling technique was used to recruit 420 respondents.Validated tools of Alcohol Use disorder Identification Inventory (AUDIT) and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9)were used to obtain information on depression and alcohol use disorder respectively from each of the respondent.

Results: The mean age of the respondents was 23.59 (±5.2) years. A total of128 (30.5%) had alcohol use disorder, 205 (48.8%) had depression, and 22.4% (n=94) had co-morbid depression and alcohol use disorder. There was no significant relationship between socio-demographic findings and co-morbidity of depression and alcohol use disorder.

Conclusion: About 2 in10 undergraduates experience co-morbidity of depression and alcohol use disorder. Multi-strategy interventions comprising ofpolicyand educationaltactics to address these problems are advocated.
Plant Growth-Promoting Activity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa OD13 in Tomato Plant
Authors: Suansia Anjali , Senapati Akshaya Kumar
Published: May 2023

Aims: The study aimed at assessing the plant growth-promoting properties of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain OD13.

Place and Duration of Study: The research was conducted at the Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, between September 2019 and March 2022.

Methodology: PGPR (Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria) inoculation can increase crop yield and quality in a range of important crops including cereals, legumes, vegetables, and fruits. In addition to enhancing plant growth, PGPR can also improve soil health by increasing nutrient availability and reducing the need for chemical fertilizers and pesticides. Overall, the use of PGPR is a promising strategy for sustainable agriculture, as it offers a natural and eco-friendly alternative to conventional methods of plant growth enhancement. In the present study, The Pseudomonas isolates were obtained from the rhizosphere of solanaceous crops grown in various districts of Odisha. Tomato seeds were used in the experiment, with two groups: one control group and another group treated with the Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain OD13. The germination percentage, seedling height, plant height (including root length and shoot length), fresh weight, and dry weight were measured after a 30-day incubation period. The production of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), Hydrogen cyanide (HCN), siderophore, hydrolytic enzymes, phosphate solubilization ability, heavy metal, and antibiotic sensitivity were also tested. Additionally, biofilm formation was evaluated by motility assay.

Results: Pseudomonas isolate significantly enhanced seed germination (90%), root length (6.25cm), shoot length (23.50cm), fresh weight (1.345g), and dry weight (0.085g) of tomato plants. It produced IAA, HCN, siderophore, protease, and lipase and showed phosphate solubilization ability in culture medium. The isolate was found to colonize in and around the tomato root system due to the presence of swimming and twitching motility. Moreover, it was highly resistant to zinc sulphate, ferric chloride, and copper sulphate, as well as conventional antibiotics like tetracycline.

Conclusion: Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain OD13 demonstrated great potential as an inoculant for tomato plants and as a suitable model system for studying the genetics of plant growth promotion by beneficial rhizobacteria.
Analysis of Soil and Crop Parameters for the Development of Power Tiller-Operated Groundnut Digger
Authors: Kamendra  , Behera D. , Chaudhary Divakar , Sharma Sushil , Sharma Divya , Chadha Divya , Singh Sukhbir
Published: May 2023

Groundnut (Arachis hypogea L.) is a major oilseed crop and holds an important place in the Indian agricultural economy. Odisha occupies 6th place in the major groundnut-producing states of the country with a total production of 0.388 MT and is grown in both Kharif and Rabi seasons. Harvesting is one of the major unit operations in groundnut cultivation and is mechanically harvested by tractor-operated diggers but their use is limited because of small land holdings and high capital costs and is not economical for small and marginal farmers of the state. However, the groundnut diggers to match with power tillers are not commercially available, therefore, efforts were made to develop a single-row groundnut digger operated by a power tiller. The study was conducted to relate the soil and crop parameters for the digger design, which influences the harvesting of groundnut. The design of a power tiller-operated groundnut digger to harvest a single row of groundnut requires the data of soil parameters (soil type, bulk density, cone index and soil moisture content) and crop parameters (plant population, plant height, pod zone, pod spreading radius, taproot length, taproot diameter, pod-vine ratio), suitable for different groundnut varieties. It was found that the majority of groundnut varieties were grown in sandy soils and harvested at 12-15 % soil moisture for more yield with a minimum power requirement. It was observed that for all types of groundnut varieties the plant population, plant height, pod zone depth, pod spreading radius, taproot length, taproot diameter and the number of pods per plant varies from 24-29/m2, 31-49.18 cm, 5.79-6.86 cm, 5.87-9.15 cm, 11.70-13.78 cm, 4.64-5.84 cm and 11-27/plant, respectively.
Effect of Pre and Post-emergence Herbicides on Weed Flora of Maize
Authors: Sairam Gaini , Jha A. K. , Verma Badal , Porwal Muskan , Sahu M. P. , Meshram R. K.
Published: May 2023

Weeds have been a problem creator in crops since time immemorial competing with them for all the growth resources. Weeds cause around 28-100% loss in the maize crop which necessitates their control. The usage of herbicides for the control of weeds has been the most prominent method among farmers. However, the continuous usage of similar herbicides can develop herbicide resistance which needs the exploration to newer herbicides. Therefore, a field experiment was carried out to assess the effect of broad-spectrum herbicide, mesotrione on the weed flora and seed yield of maize at JNKVV, Jabalpur (M.P.) in the kharif season of 2019. The experiment was carried out in randomised block design consisting of eight treatments of weed control including six herbicidal treatments with hand weeding and weedy check and replicated thrice. Based on the results, it was concluded that the post emergence application of mesotrione 350 g ha-1 at 30 DAS had most effectively controlled the weeds resulting in highest weed control efficiency (69.25%) and lowest weed index (12.62%) than the rest of the treatments. It also resulted in highest grain and stover yield (2.44 and 21.80 t ha-1) in maize. Thus, the application of mesotrione @ 350 g ha-1 can be a promising technology for the control of complex weed flora in maize.
PREDIKSI HARGA MATERIAL KONSTRUKSI DI INDONESIA DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN LEAST SQUARES SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINE
Authors: Emanuel Timothy , Prayogo Doddy
Published: May 2023

Prediksi harga material konstruksi menjadi salah satu metode untuk membantu perkembangan dunia konstruksi di Indonesia. Sebanyak 85% dari total biaya konstruksi merupakan biaya material, sedangkan sisanya untuk alat dan tenaga kerja. Material konstruksi sering kali berkaitan dengan harga makroekonomi maupun harga komoditas baik secara nasional maupun internasional. Prediksi dilakukan menggunakan Least Squares Support Vector Machine (LS-SVM) dengan variabel input berupa data makroekonomi dan komoditas, serta variabel output berupa data Indeks Harga Perdangan Besar di Indonesia. Hasil penerapan LS-SVM kedalam prediksi harga material menunjukkan hasil dengan nilai error yang rendah. Prediksi material semen menunjukkan nilai Mean Absolute Percentage Error sebesar 0.624% hingga 0.962%, sedangkan untuk material logam besi baja sebesar 0.676% hingga 0.853%. Korelasi dari material semen dan besi beton juga menunjukkan hasil yang baik yaitu 0.981 hingga 0.996 untuk kedua variabel tersebut. Secara keseluruhan, metode LS-SVM diusulkan dalam penelitian ini karena menghasilkan hasil prediksi yang baik dan akurat.