bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Studies on the Thermal Conductivity of Al2O3/Epoxy Resin Composite Materials
Authors: Wan Xiao Hu , Wang Li Ge , Zuo Bin , Wang En Ze , Zhu Guang Zhi
Published: June 2012

Al2O3/epoxy resin composite materials were prepared with alumina as filler in this paper, and the effects of particle size and added quantity of Al2O3 powers on the thermal conductivity of the composites have been investigated. The results show that, thermal conductivity of the composites increases with the increase of the added quantity of Al2O3 powders, and suitable particle size of alumina filler could help to form heat conductive chain which can improve the thermal conductivity of the composites effectively. The thermal conductivity could reach 0.48 W/(m•K), which is five times than that of pure epoxy resin, when the amount of alumina powders is 60% and its mean particle size is 100µm.
Producing Cellulase on Phanerochaete chrysosporium by Fermentation and Breeding by Induced Mutation of Cellulose-Degrading Phanerochaete chrysosporium
Authors: Wang Ying , Chung Jong Shik , Cao Guang Li , Zhao Lei , Wang Ai Jie
Published: June 2012

In this work, strain Phanerochaete chrysosporium producing cellulase was studied by fermentation process. Carbon source involves cellobiose, xylose, xylan, carboxymethylcellulose sodium, avicel, filter paper, corn stalk and glucose. Peptone, yeastextract, carbamide, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate were researched for nitrogen source. Under the conditions of carbon source avicel, nitrogen source ammonium, the activity assays on different enzymes of respective component is optimum. Ultraviolet ray and nitrosoguanidine,were applied to mutate Phanerochaete chrysosporium. The optimal conditions were as follow: 60S and 50min. Colony morphology with obvious variation was used as sceening index. 120mutants were selected, carboxymethyl cellulose activity of cach mutant was determined and 20 strains with 30% increasing of cellulose activity were screened.GD3 mutant was obtained, with the increasing rate of filter paper activity 30.50%.
The Surface Micro-Morphology Transition of Pearls Induced by Cerium
Authors: Shi Wei Lin , Jin Ye Fei , Ge Yao
Published: June 2012

The surface microstructure transition of pearl induced by rare earth element (REE) cerium (Ce) was investigated in micrometer scale range by means of scanning electronic microscopy (SEM). We found that pearls cultured in the control group (no REE Ce added) relatively grow slowly when there is in the culturing water, but the pearls grow quickly when REE Ce was added in the culturing water. At the same time, the former pearls were built up by aragonite blocks with spindly shape, but the latter pearls sampled in the REE test group are made of aragonite blocks with regular hexagonal shape. Moreover, the luster of the pearls free of REE Ce is relatively low because their surface were mainly build up by spindly aragonite blocks. On the contrary, the pearls with REE Ce have high luster since their surface were chiefly composed of regular hexagonal aragonite blocks that is the most idea blocks in crystallography. The results show that a quantity of Ce will promote the development and growth of pearls, and enhanced the lustrous of pearls significantly. Finally, we discussed the relevant of surface microstructure and lustrous of pearls to the concentration of REE in culture water by analyzing the influence of additive REE Ce on the surface microstructure
Increased Dissolution of Lignocellulosic Biomass in Ionic Liquid 1-Butyl-3-Methylimidazolium Chloride at High Temperature
Authors: Chen Di , Liu Chuan Fu , Sun Run Cang
Published: June 2012

The increased dissolution of ball-milled lignocellulosic biomass including sugarcane bagasse, Eucalyptus, and Masson pine was investigated in ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([C4mim]Cl) at relatively high temperature. The dissolution time of bagasse in [C4mim]Cl decreased from 13.5 h at 90oC to 2.0 h at 140oC, and further decreased to 0.5 h at 170oC, 0.33 h at 180oC, and 0.28 h at 190oC. Similarly, the dissolution of ball-milled Eucalyptus and Masson pine in [C4mim]Cl was achieved under same conditions within 0.75 h and 0.25 h, respectively. The order of the dissolution efficiency of the ball-milled lignocellulosics in [C4mim]Cl at 170oC was Masson pine > bagasse > Eucalyptus, which was probably related to the more compact and complicated cell wall structure of Eucalyptus than bagasse and Masson pine. The physicochemical properties of the regenerated lignocellulosics were characterized with FT-IR, CP/MAS 13C-NMR and wide-angle X-ray diffraction as well as thermal analysis. The results indicated that no derivatization occurred in dissolution in ionic liquid even at high dissolution temperature. The crystalline structure in native bagasse was destroyed and converted from cellulose I to amorphous structure at low dissolution temperature and to cellulose II at high dissolution temperature after regeneration. Thermal stability of lignocellulosics was slightly decreased after dissolution and regeneration in [C4mim]Cl.
DBD Plasma Induced Mutation in Phosphate-Solubilizing Bacteria Acinetobacter CalcoaceticusYC-5a
Authors: Ren Yong Xia , Zhu Xiao Li , Fan Dai Di
Published: June 2012

An efficient agar plate mutagenesis and screening technique for improving mutation frequency was established by using dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma. And very few studies have reported strains of A. calcoaceticus as phosphate solubilizing plant-associated bacteria. In this study, A.calcoaceticus showed a good ability in phosphate solubilizing. DBD plasma was conducted to A. calcoaceticus mutation for improving the phosphate-soubilizing activity. The results showed that the phosphate-soubilizing activity of mutants increased compared with original strain, and the phosphate-soubilizing activity of the best mutants up to 584.3mg/L, is 1.23-fold of original strain. It demonstrated that DBD plasma treatment has a high-efficient quality, and it will be a useful method of mutation.
Production of Thermal Insulation Composite Material Based on Polymers
Authors: Kalužová Alena , Pěnčík Jan , Matějka Libor , Matějka Libor , Pospíšil Tomáš , Dostálová Darina
Published: June 2012

Recycling of materials is an important point of sustainable construction. The aim is to find a compromise between energy saving, economy and ecology. The contribution discusses the production of thermal insulation composite material made of polymers. Uniform dispersion of grains of foamy glass waste (filler) in polymer filling from recycled thermoplastics induces formation of particle composite. The production supports usage of secondary raw materials. Decisive properties in choosing the materials to be applied include mainly the coefficient of thermal conductivity, density, compressive strength and water absorption.
Effect of PEO on the Hydrophilicity of PLLA Ultrafine Fibers
Authors: Xu Jia , Wang Jin Xian , Dong Xiang Ting , Liu Gui Xia , Yu Wen Sheng
Published: June 2012

The Polyethylene oxide (PEO) / Poly (L-lactic acid) (PLLA) ultrafine blend fibers have been prepared by electrospinning. The hybrid solvent of trichloromethane and ethanol was found to be the co-solvent for electrospinning. The PEO/PLLA blend solutions in various ratios were studied for electrospinning into ultrafine fibers. The morphology of the fibers was shown by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The hydrophilicity of fiber samples was characterized by determining their water contact angle. The spun ultrafine fibers are expected to be used in the native extracellular matrix for tissue engineering.
Build and Apply of Granular Sludge Enriched by Phosphorus Accumulating Organisms
Authors: Na Dong Chen
Published: June 2012

Based on the previous studies ,A/O technics culture granular sludge both with rich PAOs in the traditional SBR reactor. The experimental results show that: In the stability run-time of granules sludge system NH+4-N 、PO4-P and COD removal rate could reach 95% ,82%and 93%. This paper further discusses the characteristics of biological phosphorus removal process.
A Novel Method for Preparing the Surface Molecularly Imprinted Polymers to Target Isolate Ginsenoside Rg1 and its Analogues
Authors: Liu Qing Shan , Yi Li Na , Wang Qiu Juan , Guo Qing Long , Jiang Yi Fan , Yin Xiao Ying
Published: June 2012

To establish a novel method for preparing molecularly imprinted polymers for ginsenoside Rg1 with better character contrast to previous studies, we have prepared novel surface molecular imprinted polymers (S-MIPs) using ginsenoside Rg1 as the template molecule, Acrylamide (AM) as the functional monomer, and silica gel as the carrier. The morphology of S-MIPs was characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and its static adsorption capacity was measured by the Scatchard equation.
Antimicrobial Peptides from Musca Domestica Expressed in Escherichia coli
Authors: Zeng Bin
Published: June 2012

Cecropins are cationic molecules with a wide range of antimicrobial activities. The native peptide cecropins from Musca domestica (Md-Cec) have antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. In the present study, cDNA fragments encoding both the Md-Cec-L (62aa) and Md-Cec-S (40 aa) peptides of Md-Cec were respectively expressed using the pMAL-c4x expression vector. High level expression of Md-Cec-L was achieved in Escherichia coli, while expression of Md-Cec-S failed to reach a decent level due to its high level of toxicity to the host cells. Md-Cec-L was expressed as a soluble form using a maltose binding protein (MBP) system, whose product is a MBP-tagged fusion protein, and separated with the carrier amyrose resin. Heterologous expression in E. coli and antimicrobial activity assays showed that both the recombinant fusion protein Md-Cec-L and Md-Cec-S have exhibited antimicrobial activity in vivo; and Md-Cec-L also exhibited antimicrobial activity in vitro. Md-Cec has the potential to be developed as a novel type of antimicrobial drug or food preservative.
Flexural Properties of Bio-Composite Made from Hydrothermally Treated Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus) Fibres
Authors: Mohammad Taib Mohamad Nurul Azman , Jamaludin Mohd Ariff , Abu Kassim Masitah
Published: June 2012

This study evaluated the effect on bending strength of hydrothermal treatment on kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus) fibres of high density fibreboards (HDF) at elevated temperatures. HDF were manufactured from untreated and treated kenaf fibres at three different temperatures that were 100, 130 and 150 °C for 30 minutes in a laboratory autoclave. The bending strength of panel referred to MOE and MOR of sample were analyzed. Bending strength of panel was increased with the increased of temperature. HDF panels made from hydrothermally treated kenaf fibres at 150°C has the higher MOE value and can be used as the building partition or application that needed high elasticity materials.
Apoptosis of Human Leukemia Cell Line K562 Cells Induced by Hydroxycamptothecine
Authors: Shao Shu Li , Zhang Wei Wei , Zhao Wei , Wu Guang Hui
Published: June 2012

To observe the effects of hydroxycamptothecine(HCPT) on the growth and apoptosis of gastric cancer cell line. The viability of human leukemia cell line K562 was determined by MTT, cell morphology was observed under AO staining and electron microscopy, the apoptosis was measured using flow cytometry analysis. The results indicated that the growth of human leukemia cell line K562 was significantly inhibited by HCPT, and the IC50 was 8.0µg/mL. Morphological variations of apoptosis were observed at 48 hours treated with HCPT by AO staining and apoptosis body was observed under electron microscope. The results indicated that HCPT can suppress the growth of human leukemia cell line K562 and induce apoptosis of the cells.
Study on the Photosynthetic Efficiency of the Michelia alba Leaves by Using Photo-Acoustic Tomography Spectroscopy Technology
Authors: Lie Guang Hua , Lie Gan Wen , Feng Xiao Qiong , Yang Ting , Zhang Dao Qing , Ke Han Lan , Mao Hou Zhu
Published: June 2012

By using a new kind of single-beam normalized photo-acoustic tomography spectroscopy (PAS-CT) technology with non-damage detection, the photo-acoustic tomography spectroscopy, optical absorption properties and photosynthetic pigment content of the green and yellow leaves of Michelia alba were studied. The results show that: photo-acoustic tomography spectroscopy could be obtained from different chopping frequency and different sample position. The more photosynthetic pigment content the leaves of Michelia alba contains, the bigger optical absorption coefficient and the higher photosynthetic efficiency they have. In the research, we could find that the photosynthetic pigment content of the green leaves of Michelia alba is higher than that of the yellow ones. As a result, the optical absorption coefficient and the photosynthetic efficiency of the green ones are higher than the yellow ones. The photo-acoustic tomography spectroscopy technology could be a kind of non-damage detection to confirm the growth of trees.
Isothermal Crystallization Kinetics of Poly(phenylene Sulfide)/ZnO Composites
Authors: Zhang Zhong Hou , Zhou Wen Xin , Li Ya Dong , Yan Chun Mian
Published: June 2012

Poly (phenylene sulfide) (PPS)/nano-ZnO composites were prepared by DAKA miniature blending instrument. Isothermal crystallization behavior of PPS composites at 245°C, 250°C, 255°C and 260°C were investigated by means of DSC. The crystallization time of PPS composites is shorter than which of neat PPS at the same crystallization temperature. The Avrami equation was used to analyze DSC data. Results showed that neat PPS is homogeneous nucleation at lower crystallization temperature, which is heterogeneous nucleation at higher crystallization temperature contrarily. PPS/nano-ZnO composites are heterogeneous nucleation at various crystallization temperature, nano-ZnO particles play a role of nucleating agent.
Hydrolysis Kinetics of Cornstalk in Formic Acid Solution
Authors: Zhuang Jun Ping , Li Xue Ping
Published: June 2012

Cornstalk, among the agricultural residues and other non-wood fiber, is a more promising source of lignocellulosic materials for bioethanol production. Pretreatment is an essential step in the enzymatic hydrolysis of biomass and subsequent production of bioethanol. Kinetic models can have practical applications for the optimization of the process and performance analysis, or economic estimations, so investigate the cornstalk hydrolysis kinetics is necessary. In this paper, effects of temperature and time on cornstalk hydrolysis in saturated formic acid with 4% hydrochloric acid solution reaction kinetics have been investigated. The results showed that the hydrolysis velocities of cornstalk were 0.021 h−1 at 60 °C, 0.0302 h−1 at 65 °C and 0.060 h−1 at 70 °C, the degradation velocities of glucose were 0.061 h−1 at 60 °C, 0.0845 h−1 at 65 °C, and 0.24 h−1 at 70 °C, the activation energy of cornstalk hydrolysis was 99.60 kJ/mol, and the activation energy of glucose degradation was130.94 kJ/mol.
Hydrolysis of Bamboo Fiber for Production of Fermentable Sugars in Saturated Formic Acid
Authors: Zhuang Jun Ping , Li Xue Ping
Published: June 2012

Bamboo is thought as an alternative feedstock for the production of fine chemicals, such as fuel ethanol and lactic acid to reduce our reliance on fossil fuels. Pretreatment is an essential step in the enzymatic hydrolysis of biomass for bioethanol production. In this study, hydrolysis of bamboo fiber for fermentable sugars production in hydrochloric acid used as a catalyst in saturated formic acid solution were studied. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of the hydrochloric acid concentration, temperature, the ratio of solid to liquid and reaction time on the fermentable sugars production. The optimum conditions were: adding 4% hydrochloric acid in saturated formic acid solution, temperature of 65 °C, 4% of the ratio of solid to solvent, with a reaction time of 90 min, under these conditions, the hydrolysate contained 23.52% glucose and 28.51% reducing sugars.
Electrodeposition of ZnO Nanosheet Structures and their Application for Glucose Biosensor
Authors: Zhang Qin , Du Yan , Hua Jian , Di Jun Wei
Published: June 2012

We present a facile electrochemical deposition process to grow zinc oxide (ZnO) nanosheet structures on indium tin oxide (ITO) substrate. The deposited ZnO was applied to immobilization of glucose oxidase and construction of glucose electrochemical biosensor due to a large surface area and good biocompatibility. The direct electron transfer of GOD immobilized on ZnO nanosheets was achieved and could be used to determination of glucose. Such ZnO nanosheet structures provide a good matrix for protein immobilization and biosensor fabrication.
Utilization of Scoria as PRB Reactive Media for the Removal of Petroleum Hydrocarbon from Groundwater
Authors: Zhang Ying , Zhang Yu Ling , Zhang Sheng Yu , Song Fan , Huang Jing Yi , Zhang Yan , Bai Xiang Dong
Published: June 2012

The aim of this study is to investigate the utilization of scoria as PRB reactive media for the removal of petroleum hydrocarbon from groundwater. Tests of comparison of scoria with powdered activated carbon(PAC) show that scoria has a larger capacity for petroleum hydrocarbon sorption than PAC. The particle size has weak effect on purification petroleum contaminated groundwater. The results of isothermal adsorption test show the high sorption capacity of the scoria(1.7g/g for TPH).The acquired sorption data are well fitted to the Langmuir isotherm.Careful examination of scoria’s composition and microstructure suggests that the sorption behavior is not only physical sorption but also chemical sorption,but mainly controlled by physical sorption .We recommend scoria as an economic,efficient and environmental friendly sorbent for petroleum hydrocarbon in contaminated groundwater.
Investigation on Rapid Prediction of Elastic Properties for Woven Fabric Composites
Authors: Wu Wen Yan , Liu Qiang , Lin Yong Zhou , Zong Zhi Jian
Published: June 2012

In order to simplify the performance analysis of woven fabric composites, the parametric micro-geometry model and APDL program are applied on elastic properties prediction. Firstly, the internal microstructure of woven fabric composites were observed using microscope. Seconldy, the parametric micro-geometry model was built using the defined equations to describe the shape of cross-section, the yarn path and their relations in Pro/e software. The cross-section of yarn was defined as ellipse curve ,while the yarn path was defined as sinusoidal and straight lines. Finally, the model was imported into ANSYS software, and the finite element analysis was carried out using the developed APDL program to obtain the elastic constants. With the proposed approach, several kinds of micro-geometry model of woven fabric composites were built automatically and their elastic constants were predicted quickly. It is shown that the predicted elastic constants are consistent with other references.
Hydrothermal Oxidation of Phenol with H2O2
Authors: Jia Ya Nan
Published: June 2012

Hydrothermal oxidation of high-level phenol containing wastewater was performed in a continuous reactor. Results show that COD removal rate increases with the increase of ratio of the amount of H2O2 supplied to the stoichiometric demand of H2O2, K; However when K is more than 1.5, the amount of H2O2 supplied does not affect COD removal rate evidently. Under sub-critical conditions, COD removal rate depends on temperature and phenol feeding concentration, and pressure does not have significant effect. Under supercritical conditions, COD removal rate depends not only on the above mentioned conditions, but on water density as well. The performance of different catalysts used in the process was compared. The experimental results show that Cu (NO3)2 is the best one in the four catalysts.
The Stannous Complex of Succinimide as Multifuctional Additive for Lubricating Oils
Authors: Shi Yong Gang , Li Zi Cun , Mei Lin , Sun Ping
Published: June 2012

The excellent performance of dispersion makes poly-isobutene succinimide widely used in engine's lubricating oils. But this additive has no anti-oxidation ability, anti-friction and anti-wear behaviors. In engine’s oil, it must be used with antioxidants, extreme-pressure additives and detergents. Here the authors suggested that by metallizing the succnimide, many useful lubricating chemical properties would be affiliated to this additive. The nitrogen radicals of succinimide can combine with metal ions, such as transition metal ions, forming coordination compounds. In this article, the stannous ion was chosen as coordination ion that has stronger reducibility. The stannous chloride reacts with succinimide at 170°C, forming a new complex. The lubrication chemical experiments have shown that such complex has better performances as lubricating oil's additive, for example excellent dispersing ability, higher extreme-pressure performance, and good reducibility. All the appended abilities of poly-isobutene succinimide are ascribed to the introduction of stannous ion.
Preparation and Mechanism Analysis of High-Efficiency early Strength Agent
Authors: Zhang Ming Sheng
Published: June 2012

High-efficiency early strength agents were obtained which included triethanolamine, glycol and calcium nitrate. Then it was tested for concrete. Though text, we find that the compressive strength and flexural strength of the specimen, use of the high-efficiency early strength agent is greatly improved than with its much better not to use high-efficiency early strength agent. With time go on, high-efficiency early strength agent added does not make the strength of concrete worse, but better. Using SEM and XRD analysis technology text high-efficiency early strength agent by adding performances of concrete, including the degree of cement hydration, the morphology of hydration products and the composition of mineral formation. Analysis of the role of high-efficiency early strength agents from the perspective of the mechanism. Identified high-efficiency early strength agent impact on the cement hydration, for the further development of early strength agent to provide a theoretical basis.
Integrating Grey Relational Analysis with Combination Weighting for Selecting Bearing Material
Authors: Peng An Hua
Published: June 2012

Abstract: Material selection is a very important issue for design and manufacturing problems. The general grey relational analysis (GRA) has two weaknesses, namely, the weight determination depends only on expert judgments, and the qualitative indexes are simply quantified with exact number. In this paper, Combination weights are determined by combining subjective and objective weights based on maximum deviation. The qualitative indexes are fuzzy quantified through trapezoidal fuzzy number (TFN). The method is applied to the bearing material selection, and results show that the method make multi-attribute decision making more reasonable, so as to have important application value.
Calculation Model of Activity for Slag System of CaO-SiO2-Fe2O3
Authors: Zhu Xiang , Wang Hong Ming , Li Gui Rong , Zhao Yu Tao
Published: June 2012

Based on the coexistence theory of slag structure, the activity model of CaO-SiO2-Fe2O3 ternary slag system was established. The effects of Fe2O3 content and basicity on the activities of CaO and 2CaO•SiO2 were investigated. The structure units of Fe2O3 in the molten slag were discussed. The results indicate the slag basicity has a significant influence on the activities of CaO and 2CaO•SiO2. The activity of CaO increases with increasing slag basicity, while the activity of 2CaO•SiO2 increases with the increasing of slag basicity when the basicity is less than 1.8, which reaches the maximum value when the basicity is 1.8. In another word, when the slag basicity exceeds 1.8, the activity of 2CaO•SiO2 decreases with the increasing of slag basicity. In addition, the activities of CaO and 2CaO•SiO2 can be decreased by Fe2O3. Moreover, when the slag basicity is higher than 2.0, the activity of 2CaO•SiO2 increases slightly with the increasing of Fe2O3 content. The main structure units of Fe2O3 in molten slag are closely related to the slag basicity.
Effect of Applied Voltage on Polymer Aggregation in Electrospraying of Thermoplastic Polymer
Authors: Jadhav Amit , Wang Li Jing , Padhye Rajiv
Published: June 2012

In an electrospraying process, the polymer solution interacts with the electric field. Charged polymeric solutions causing polymer liquids to move, break into drops or spray into fine droplets. Electrospraying has the ability to generate very small & uniform droplets of polymeric solution. It is envisaged that electrospraying is a promising technology to coat a polymer on surface at submicron range. The polymer aggregation is important while coating. The process parameters including applied voltage, nozzle-collector distance, solution flow rate, and solution concentration play an important role in polymer droplets aggregation on surface. This research paper investigates the effect of applied voltage on aggregation of polymer droplets.
Study on the Characterization and Application of Poly-Silicate Magnesium Ferric Sulfate Borate (PFMSSB)
Authors: Fang Su Zhen , Li Su Qin , Luo Shi Mei
Published: June 2012

Coke plant wastewater is high concentration organic wastewater from the process of making coke, purifying coal gas and recovering the coke products. At present this wastewater was treated by biochemical process, but it is difficult to meet the effluent water discharge standards and recycling because of difficult degradable organic matter. The study focused on removing these matters to develop a kind of new flocculation- poly-silicate magnesium ferric sulfate (PFMSSB) in advanced treatment of coke wastewater. The results showed that the treatment effect of PFMSSB was better, COD content was down to about 50 mg/L and COD removal rate was up to 45%. This disposing process is simple and the cost is reduced greatly.
First-Principles Investigation of ThO2
Authors: Li Ya Ping , Qian Ping , Bai Li Jun , Li Jin Chun , Shen Jiang
Published: June 2012

We systematically performed first-principles investigations of the structural properties, electron energy band, and densities of states (DOS) for ThO2. All calculations were carried out using the local density approximation (LDA), generalized gradient approximation (GGA), LDA+U, and GGA+U approaches. We also compared our findings with experimental data and other calculations. The lattice parameter obtained using the GGA+U agrees well with the experimental value.
Dielectric Characteristics of Hydrated Paraffin
Authors: Ye Jian Zhu , Zuo Gan Qing , Wang Song , Xie Chao , Wang Yang , Shi Yan Hui
Published: June 2012

Based on the composite dielectric polarization theory, dielectric permittivity, dissipation factor and loss angle tangent of hydrated paraffin versus temperature and power supply frequency were analyzed. The effect of different water contents in paraffin on its dielectric characteristics was also studied. The more the water content in hydrated paraffin, the greater the dielectric parameters, dissipation factor can reach 1.48 when the water contents was 15%. They can provide references for theoretical researches and industrial applications on removal of paraffin that condense on the interior walls of oil pipes in oil extraction by electric heating method.
Predicting Impact Sensitivity of Heterocyclic Nitroarenes from Molecular Structures Selected by Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Wang Rui , Wang Yong Gu , Liu Hui
Published: June 2012

A novel theoretical model was constructed to predict the impact sensitivity of 44 heterocyclic nitroarenes. The optimal subset of the molecular structures descriptors were selected by genetic algorithm (GA). The multiple linear regression (MLR) was then applied to build a prediction model of impact sensitivity for the 44 compounds. The correlation coefficients (R2) together with correlation coefficient of the leave-one-out cross validation (Q2CV) of the model is 0.928 and 0.865, respectively. The new model is highly statistically significant, and the robustness as well as internal prediction capability of which is satisfactory. The predicted impact sensitivity values are in good agreement with the experimental data.
Study on Preparation and Hydrophobicity of MTES Derived Silica Sol and Gel
Authors: Ma Yu , Lee Hye Ryeon , Tsuru Toshinori
Published: June 2012

The synthesis of hydrophobic sol by one-step sol-gel process ammonia catalyzed was investigated. The water molar ratio and catalyst molar ratio were discussed to prevent phase segregation during the hydrolysis and co-condensation of the organic and inorganic precursors. The reactant system with water molar ratio 70 could make the reaction rate of MTES slightly less than that of TEOS, so that the hydrolysis - condensation – gelling reaction with MTES and TEOS as co-precursors could be synchronously. With the increase of the MTES/TEOS molar ratio, the reaction rate of the silica sol preparation decreased, the hydrophobicity of the sol and gel increased as the molar ratio MTES/TEOS change from 0.5~4. But the hydrophobicity of the methyl-modified silica sol and gel prepared with pure MTES in the sol-gel process were slightly lower than that of the methyl-modified silica sol and gel prepared with MTES and TEOS as co-precursors.
Synthesis of Ba2B5O9Cl Whiskers via Flux Method
Authors: Zhu Dong Hai , Nai Xue Ying , Song Qian Qian , Yun Shan , Zhang Yong Xing , Li Wu
Published: June 2012

Ba2B5O9Cl whiskers with uniform morphology were synthesized by a simple flux method, using BaCl2•2H2O, H3BO3 as the starting materials, and KCl as the flux. The products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microcopy (SEM), and the optimum conditions for preparing high quality Ba2B5O9Cl whiskers were studied. Results show that a sintering temperature around 700 °C, an Ba/B mole ratio of 1:3 and a raw materials to flux mass ratio of 1:2 lead to uniform orthorhombic Ba2B5O9Cl whiskers with a diameter of 0.4-1.0 µm and a length of 10-25 µm.
Flame-Fusion Growth of Rutile Single Crystal
Authors: Bi Xiao Guo , Liu Xu Dong , Niu Wei
Published: June 2012

Single crystal of Rutile has been grown successfully by the flame fusion method by using high purity (4N5) ultrafine titania powder as starting material. The effects of growth atmosphere, growth rate and temperature gradient in the chamber on crystal growing were investigated and the specific growth conditions have been defined. The annealing of the as-grown crystals was performed in the oxygen and in the air respectively. It was shown that growth atmosphere where the oxygen partial pressure is higher than that of the oxygen decomposing pressure at the liquid-solid interface is a necessary condition for growing perfect crystals. In addition to reducing thermal stresses, the more important role of annealing is to eliminate oxygen vacancies by oxidization reaction. The annealing time can be considerably shortened in an oxygen atmosphere as compared to in the air and the grown crystal has more perfect structure.
Determination of Mineral Elements in Fermented Liquid with Temperature-Controlled Wet Digestion and Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry
Authors: Gao Zhi Xi , Wu Yan Hong , Luo Yan Wen , Mu Qin Song , Ao Ke Hou , Zhou Guang Ming
Published: June 2012

Temperature-controlled HNO3-H2O2 wet digestion and flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) were employed in the determination of mineral elements in the fermented liquid residue of livestock dung. The 8 most common mineral elements-K, Na, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Ca and Mg-in fermented liquid were selected for analysis, and the experimental results showed that the correlation coefficient (r) of each mineral element’s quantitative standard curve was >0.9993, the quantitation limit was 0.90-67.0 ng/L, the relative standard deviation (RSD) was 0.79%-2.51%, and the standard addition recovery rate was 95%-103%. It was found that the average content of the 8 mineral elements in fermented liquid was in a descending order of K, Na, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu.
Morphology and Mechanical Properties of PA6/ABS Blends
Authors: Guo Jian Bing , Zhang Kai Zhou , Qin Shu Hao
Published: June 2012

The toughness of blends composed of PA6 and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) compatibilized by using styrene-maleic anhydride (SMA) as a compatibilizer was measured over a wide temperature region. The addition of SMA results in a significant increase of the PA6 phase viscosity due to the in situ formation of graft polymers during the melt processing, and the significant change in viscosity ratio between the PA6 and ABS due to the formation of SMA-g-PA6 graft polymer may be prevent the coalescence of the dispersed phase. All results in this paper were consistent, and showed the good interaction between PA6 and ABS, which were proved by the morphology and mechanical properties of the blends.
Synthesis, Characterization and Photocatalytic Properties of CdS Nanorods
Authors: Xie Li Juan , Duan Li Mei , Xu Ling , Wang Yin , Wang Xiao Lei , Liu Zong Rui
Published: June 2012

CdS Nanorods have been successfully prepared by hydrothermal synthesis technology by using cadmium nitrate and thiourea as the raw material,by using diethylene triamine as the template agent. The samples were characterized by the technique of XRD、TEM and SEM. The results indicated that the products were pure hexagonal CdS. This paper also used the samples as photocatalysts to study the degradation the solution of methyl orange. The concentration of methyl orange was unchanged during the process of experiment. We also investigated the effect of the amount of catalyst, and pH of the solution on the degradation rate of methyl orange. The experimental results showed that methyl orange degradation rate reached 90% with the amount of catalyst 0.020 g, solution pH of 3.5 and UV irradiation 120 min.
Study on Biomimetic Composites by Imitating Shell Structure
Authors: Ding Xiao Fei , Lin Ai Guang , Xie Zhong Dong , Diao You Ming , Mu Chen Xiao
Published: June 2012

The ethoxy resin-based composite was made by imitating the structure of shell in the paper, and its structure and mechanical properties were studied . The results showed that the mechanical properties of the ethoxy resin-based composite with bamboo fibre and hemp fibre are higher than that of the ethoxy resin-based composite, and higher the toughness. The toughening mechanisms of the bamboo fibre and hemp fibre reinforced ethoxy resin-based composite have crack stagnation, microcrack, interface stripping, fiber extraction an
A Simple Method for Controlling the Morphology of CuO Nanostructures by Droplet
Authors: An Hao Ran , Cai Feng Shi , Wang Xue Wei , Yuan Zhi Hao
Published: June 2012

Different morphology CuO nanostructures, including platelets, flower-like were simply synthesized at 350 °C controlled by droplet on hydrophobic substrate. This is a simple method which does not require any template, catalyst, or surfactant but can control the morphology of CuO from platelets to flowerlike. The morphologies are strongly dependent on the volume of droplet. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Optical microscope and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to observe the morphology, crystallinity, and chemical composition of the CuO structures. Growth mechanisms for shape selective CuO synthesis were proposed based on these results.
Mesoporous Nano Carbon Sorbents for Separating Different Biomolecules
Authors: Kerimkulova Almagul R. , Azat Seitkhan , Mansurov Zulkhair A. , Gilmanov Murat K. , Ibragimova S.A. , Аdekenov Sergazy M. , Rachimova Bibigul B.
Published: June 2012

The article presents the results of physico-chemical studies on the development of nanostructured carbon materials from domestic raw materials. Were obtained and tested micro-mesoporous carbon sorbents for molecular-sieve chromatography of markers and investigated the applicability of carbon sorbents for the separation of protein-lipid complex, and plant bio-stimulator.
Selenium Nanoparticles Synthesized via a Facile Hydrothermal Method
Authors: Niu Yi Fan , Guin Jean Pierre , Chassagnon Remi , Smektala Frédéric , Abdelouas Abdesselam , Rouxel Tanguy , Troles Johann
Published: June 2012

Crystalline selenium nanostructures were synthesized from the reaction of a GeSe3 glass with water at 85°C for 144 hours. The hydrolysis of the Ge-Se bonds releases Se fragments in the solution where they form a colloidal suspension of amorphous nanospheres. The later evolve toward a more stable hexagonal phase (trigonal) leading to the anisotropic growth of one-dimensional monocrystalline structures. Filaments, bars and tubes of monocrystalline trigonal selenium were obtained with diameters ranging from 10 nm to 1 µm and aspect ratio up to 180. This simple process in aqueous solution opens new perspectives for the synthesis of 1D nanoparticles of trigonal selenium at large scale.
Synthesis of Spherical SrCO3 Powders by Ultrasonic Waves
Authors: Qi Mi Xiang , Li Jia Sheng , Wang Shu Xuan , Yang Zhan Shou , Wang Shu Ya , Zou Xing Wu
Published: June 2012

A new synthetic technology of Strontium carbonate with ultrasonic is introduced in this article. Ultrasonic wave synthetic technology is a fast and novel method. Spherical SrCO3 powders were synthesized by changing the solvent and reaction conditions using the ultrasonic wave method. The SrCO3 powders were characterized by the XRD and SEM.The results show that the asprepared products were Spherical structure and with high dispersity, the average particle size of the SrCO3 powders synthesized by the ultrasonic wave synthetic technology is 0.3nm~ 0.5nm. Some reaction parameters were investigated during the process.
Preparation and Luminescence Property of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes/Europium Doped Yttria Oxide Hybrids
Authors: Liu T.G. , Chen C.S. , Xie X.D. , Qiu C.Y.
Published: June 2012

In order to improve their optical property, multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) were decorated with europium doped yttria oxide (Y2O3:Eu3+) nanoparticles by co-deposition method, and the products were examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and luminescence spectroscopy. Experimental results illuminate that MWNTs can be decorated by the Y2O3:Eu3+ nanoparticles at annealed temperature of 600 and 750°C, respectively. The optical property of MWNTs/Y2O3:Eu3+ nanohybrids shows the most excellent when the MWNTs concentratin is 0.5 wt.% and the molar ratios of Eu to Y is 5:95.
Rapid Solvent-Free Melting Synthesis of Tungsten Nitrides with Lamellar, Solid Spherical Nanostructures at a Low Temperature
Authors: Luo Wei , Tang Yan , Ouyang De Gang , Han Bin , Li Ming Hui , Zhu Shan He
Published: June 2012

A rapid solvent-free melting route has been successfully developed for the synthesis of tungsten nitrides with lamellar and solid spherical nanostructures which have considerably different surface areas (106.4 m2 g-1 contrast to 8.3 m2 g-1) by the reaction of WCl6 and NaNH2 at 220 °C for 2-5 h directly, and it is found that the heat insulating property of reaction container plays important roles in the composition, phase, and morphologies of the nitrides. The products were analyzed by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Their thermal stability and surface area were measured by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and BET, respectively. Finally, the possible formation mechanism of tungsten nitrides with different morphologies was also investigated.
Study and Application of Nanomaterials in Drilling Fluids
Authors: Li Long , Sun Jin Sheng , Xu Xian Guang , Ma Cha , Yang Yu Ping , Yuan Xu Bo
Published: June 2012

Due to their special properties, nanomaterials had potential application value, and they could play an essential role in improving mudcake quality, assisting in film-forming, reducing lost circulation, and enhancing wellbore stability. Some nanomaterials, such as nanocomposite filtration-reducing agent, nanocomposite viscosifier, nanosized emulsion lubricant, nanometer organoclay, and so on, were introduced, and all of them had significantly influence on the process of drilling operations. As a result, the application of nanomaterials in the field of drilling fluids are very useful for cleaning borehole, maintaining borehole stability, protecting reservoir, and enhancing oil and gas recovery. Finally, the further application of nanomaterials in drilling fluids is also prospected.
Adsorptive Removal of Rhodamine B from Aqueous Solutions by Carbonaceous Microspheres
Authors: Yang Zhi Ai , Feng Li Jin , Wang Xia , Ma Rong , Song Xu Chun
Published: June 2012

Carbonaceous microspheres adsorbents prepared by hydrothermal process have been studied for RhB removal from aqueous solutions. Carbonaceous microspheres were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). It was found that there were abundant oxygen-containing functional groups on the surface of the carbonaceous microspheres. The equilibrium data of the adsorption and the effect of pH, initial pollutant concentration and temperature of solution on the adsorption of RhB by carbonaceous microspheres were studied. The carbonaceous microspheres exhibited excellent adsorption capacity for RhB.
Energy Band Calculation of Spiral Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Wang Hong Xia , Song Zi Biao , Liu Dai Zhi
Published: June 2012

On the base of the electron energy band structure of graphene obtained by the tight-binding method, the quantized wave vector equation along the circumferential director of the spiral single-walled carbon nanotubes was established through coordinate transformation and periodic boundary condition, and an analytical expression of the electron energy band was derived. MATLAB is used to calculate the energy band curve of spiral single-walled carbon nanotubes with different structural parameters. The characteristic of the energy band curves was analyzed and discussed. The results shows that single-walled carbon nanotubes (n, m) can be identified as metallic with no band gap nearly which satisfies n-m=3q(q is integer), otherwise, the nanotubes is semiconducting and there are band gaps between conduction band and valence band. And the band gap is inversely proportional to diameter approximately for semiconducting tubes.
Synthesis and Optimum of Silver Selenide Nanopowder via Room Temperature Conversion Method
Authors: Yang Feng Xia , Liu Feng Xian , Yu Xiao Ling
Published: June 2012

Silver selenide nanopowder was prepared by a room temperature conversion method, in which selenide powder(Se) and ethylenediamine (NH2CH2CH2NH2) were used as precursors. Chemical mechanism were studied by several comparative experiments. It was found that chemical reaction was taken place between Se and Ag ions through ethylenediamine. The influence of the chemical reaction time on the phase and microstructure was investigated. The results showed that the reaction was not completely if the reaction time was lower than 4h, on the contrary, some plane begin to split if the reaction time was longer than 12h. While the size and lattice parameter increase firstly with increasing time and then reduce. The results were discussed and the optimum condition was obtianed.
First Principles Study on the Electronic Properties of Cr, Fe, Mn and Ni Doped β-Ga2O3
Authors: He Hao , Li Wei , Xing Huai Zhong , Liang Er Jun
Published: June 2012

The electronic band structures, partial and total spin density of states of Cr, Fe, Mn and Ni doped β-Ga2O3 are studied. It is shown that there exists only one spin polarized state around the Fermi level for all doped β-Ga2O3. Ferromagnetism is predicted for Mn and Ni doped while spin-glass ground states are predicted for Cr and Fe doped β-Ga2O3. All doped β-Ga2O3 exhibits intermediate bands which are filled with only one spin state electrons and isolated from valence and conduction bands due to the splitting of the 3d orbitals by the potential of crystal and spin interaction
Formation of Cylindrical Nanoholes in Heavily Doped P-Type Si(100) Substrate via Pt Nanoparticles-Assisted Chemical Etching
Authors: Zhu Bao , Li Lian Jie , Sun Qing Qing , Lu Hong Liang , Ding Shi Jin , Zhang Wei
Published: June 2012

Metal assisted chemical etching of heavily doped p-type Si(100) wafer was investigated in a solution containing HF and hydrogen peroxide using Pt nanoparticles as catalyst. The Pt nanoparticles were formed on Si(100) substrate by magnetron sputtering and post-deposition annealing. In a solution containing low concentration HF, formation of cylindrical nanoholes are unstable in the early stage of the etching process. After that, nanoholes with diameters ranging from 40 to 50 nm are stably formed in silicon substrate and the calculated growing rate is 60 nm/min. Instead, in a solution containing high concentration HF, cylindrical nanoholes with a diameter of about 10 nm can be stably produced in silicon substrate all the time and the growing rate is increased to as fast as 160 nm/min. In both cases, no Pt nanoparticles are observed at the bottom of the nanoholes. Finally, the underlying mechanisms of the aforementioned phenomena are also discussed.
Solvent Mediated Structure Control of Hierarchical CoS Nanostructures
Authors: Zhu Yan Jun , Luo Liang , Song Ling Ling , Li Xiao Yun
Published: June 2012

A facile one-pot hydrothermal synthesis approach has been developed to prepare hierarchical and well-defined cobalt sulfide nanostructures. Different solvents (methanol, ethanol, glycol, propyl alcohol and butyl alcohol) were applied to investigate the influence of solvent on the morphologies evolution procedures. Morphologies such as sphere-, cube-, flake-like cobalt sulfide structures can be obtained, the surface appearance of the cobalt sulfide nanostructure also can be controlled by changing the solvent. The as-prepared products were characterized by Field-emission scanning electron microscope and the influence of different kinds of alcoholic solvents on the hierarchical CoS nanostructures was studied. It can affect the electrochemical capacitance performances directly and may have a potential application in electrical fields.
Formation and Structural Characterization of Novel K2Ti6O13 Nanobelts
Authors: Qi Yu Min , Cui Chun Xiang , Liu Hui , He Yun , Xiao Jian Guo , Ma Bai Hui
Published: June 2012

Novel K2Ti6O13 nanobelts, as one-dimensional nanomaterials, were synthesized by a simple hydrothermal method at 200°C for 12h, using TiO2 nanoparticles and KOH aqueous as raw materials. The crystal structure and morphology of K2Ti6O13 nanobelts were characterized by a series of methods including XRD, FESEM, EDS, TEM and HRTEM. The results indicated that K2Ti6O13 nanobelts synthesized were single crystals. The typical width is about 5-10nm and the length is in the range of from hundreds of nanometers up to tens of micrometers. The novel structure exhibits excellent flexibility. From the experimental results, it can be concluded that well crystallized and single phase K2Ti6O13 can be obtained under the certain temperature and KOH concentration. The size of TiO2 nanoparticles has an effect on the hydrothermal reaction rate and morphology control of the products.
Morphology Modulated Preparation of PbWO4 Nano- and Macrostructures
Authors: Xing Guang Jian , Xiong Xiao Xiao , Peng Dong Mei , Wang Yi , Wu Guang Ming
Published: June 2012

PbWO4 nano- and macrostructures have been successfully synthesized via solvothermal method and a facile microwave irradiation method. The products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). By controlling experimental parameters including the CTAB concentration and the kind of solvent, different morphologies of PbWO4 nano- and macrostructures can be obtained.