bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KEANEKARAGAMAN DAN PENYEBARAN Selaginella spp. DI INDONESIA DARI TAHUN 1998-2014
Authors: Wijayanto Andik
Published: November 2016

Selaginella is a single genus of ferns allies belong to Selaginelaceae family that lives in moist areas and it is often found in highlands which spread approximately 700 species all over the world. Some Selaginella species have wide distribution and tend to be invasive, but the others are endemics or endangered. The diversity study and distribution of Selaginella in Indonesia fom 1998 until 2014 was done by exploring Selaginella articles from many source. In Indonesia from 1998 until 2014, there were found about 39 species of Selaginella, namely S. alligans, S. alutacia, S. angustiramea, S. apoensis, S. aristata, S. biformis, S. caudata, S. ciliaris, S. cupressina, S. delicatula, S. doederleinii, S. frondosa, S. illanosii, S. intermedia, S. involvens, S. ketra-ayam, S. kraussiana, S. longiaristata, S. magnifica, S. mayeri, S. modica, S. nummularia, S. opaca, S. ornata, S. padangensis, S. plana, S. remotifolia, S. repanda, S. rothertii, S. rupestris, S. singalanensis, S. spinulosa, S. subalpina, S. uncinata, S. velutina, S. vonroemeri, S. wallichii, S. willdenovii, and S. zollingeriana that spread in the islands of Sumatera, Bangka-Belitung, Java, Bali, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Lombok, Maluku, and Irian Jaya with different altitude and patterns of spread
IDENTIFIKASI TANAMAN BERDASARKAN TIPE FOTOSINTESIS PADA BEBERAPA SPESIES ANGGOTA GENUS FICUS MELALUI PENGAMATAN ANATOMI DAUN
Authors: Wibawani Alif Intan , Laily Ainun Nikmati
Published: November 2016

Photosynthesis is the process of carbohydrate synthesis of inorganic materials in plants pigmented with the help of sunlight energy. Based on the type of photosynthetic plants are divided into three kinds, namely C3, C4 and CAM. More adaptive C3 plants under conditions of high atmospheric CO2 content and do not have vascular sheath while the C4 plant more adaptive hot and dry areas, have a vascular sheath cells which are well developed and contain chloroplasts when observed anatomic structures. The purpose of this study was to identify plants by type of photosynthesis in Ficus callosa, F. elastica, F. benjamina, F. fistulosa, F. septica, F. rubiginosa and F. pisocarpa through leaf anatomical observations that cut transversely. The results showed that F. elastica and F. callosa have well-developed sheath cells surrounding the xylem and phloem, while F. benjamina, F. fistulosa, F. septica, F. rubiginosa and F. Pisocarpa are not
SKRINING FITOKIMIA DAN KANDUNGAN TOTAL FLAVANOID PADA BUAH Carica pubescens Lenne & K. Koch DI KAWASAN BROMO, CANGAR, DAN DATARAN TINGGI DIENG
Authors: Minarno Eko Budi
Published: November 2016

Carica  pubescens Lenne & K. Koch is one of the species in the tropics, which adapt to the plateau environment and low temperatures. In Indonesia, this plant is found at Cangar, Bromo, and Dieng Plateau. This study aims to determine the results of phytochemical screening and total flavonoids in fruit samples were taken from the third place. Qualitative and quantitative tests carried out in the Laboratory of Department of Biology and Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Maulana Malik Ibrahim State Islamic University, Malang. Analysis of total flavonoids using a spectrophotometer at λ = 510 nm. The results of qualitative phytochemical screening tests on samples of C. pubescens fruits at Cangar, Bromo, and Dieng Plateau shows that the positive sample contains flavonoids, polyphenols, tannins, and triterpenoids. Quantitative test results show that the C. pubescens at Cangar contains  total flavonoids quercetin equivalent with value 800 mg / L, Bromo with value 816.65 mg / L, and Dieng Plateau with value 633.35 mg / L, respectively.
KARAKTERISASI KULTUR MAKROFAG HASIL ISOLASI Mouse Peritoneum Makrofag (MPM)
Authors: Susanti Erna
Published: November 2016

The aims of this study is to determine the MPM isolation techniques, results of the isolation and identification, so it can be used as a reference for the studies using macrophage cell cultures. The most appropriate source for culturing macrophages are the primary culture of MPM. Resident peritoneal macrophages (RPM) is a free-living phagocytic cells in the peritoneal cavity. Millions of resident macrophages can be taken from the mice. The peritoneal cavity is an easy place to harvest the resident macrophages. Identification of macrophages was conducted using flowcytometry with specific marker CD 11B. While the morphology of macrophages in culture was observed microscopically The results of the study showed the average number of macrophages 1.03 x 106 cells / ml were isolated from peritoneal cavity of mice. The result of identification with flowcytometry with marker CD 11 B shows positive results macrophages. While the observation of morphological characteristics of macrophages cultures show the same characteristics as the result of research conducted by Kim in 1997 and Wang et al, 2010 so that it can be concluded that macrophages can be isolated from the peritoneal cavity and can be used as a source of primary cultures of macrophages with good results and can be applied to studies related to the function and activation of macrophages in vitro.
 Keyword; Kultur Makrofag, Isolasi Mouse Peritoneum Makrofag (Mpm)
ISOLASI DAN IDENTIFIKASI BAKTERI PENGHASIL PROTEASE YANG DISKRINING DARI TERASI
Authors: ARFARITA NOVI
Published: November 2016

Terasi is a traditional fermented shrimp paste of Indonesia popularly used as an important ingredient in many Indonesian cuisines, and further screened for their protease-producing bacteria. A total of 117 bacterial isolates were retrieved  from 4 terasi samples. When inoculatedusing skim milk agar, 71 isolates (~61%) produced distinct clear zones implying their proteolytic activity. A bacterial isolate  namely Bacillus S2-3 wasselected for further study due to its widest clear zones when thebacterial cells and culture supernatant were used. This strain could grow up to 60oC with a broad pH range of 5 – 9. The optimal growth condition was at pH 6 and 37oC. The enzyme activity was also characterized using azocasein method. The optimal pH of bacterialenzymes was between 6 and 7 whereas the optimal temperature of BacillusS2-3 proteases was 22 – 24oC. For thermostability, the S2-3 enzymes remained active up to 2h at 40 and 50oC. The results ofbiochemical tests, BacillusS2-3 was identified as Bacillussubtilis, later explored it is potential for the purposes for  food industry
DERAJAT KEASAMAN (pH) VINEGAR DALAM MEDIA LIMBAH FERMENTASI BIJI KAKAO AKIBAT PENAMBAHAN KONSENTRASI Acetobacter aceti DAN WAKTU INKUBASI
Authors: Kusmawati Wiwik
Published: November 2016

The study was aimed to identify the degree of acidity (pH) vinegar in a medium waste fermentation of cocoa beans due to the addition of Acetobacter aceti concentration and time of incubation.This research utilised two factor, factorial design with completely randomized design (CRD). Thefirst factor is the Acetobacter aceti consentration (10%, 13%, dan 16%). The second is the time of incubation (6, 8, dan 10 day). Results were analyzed by using SPSS program version 11 personal computer, two way ANOVA and multiple comparison test with significance level of 0,05.The results of analysis of variance showed that there were differences in the degree of acidity (pH) of vinegar in a medium waste fermentation of cocoa beans due to the addition of Acetobacter aceti concentration and time of incubation. While Duncan's test results showed the treatment inoculation 13% starter Acetobacter aceti with 6 days of incubation time significantly different from the other treatments with minimal pH is 2,02. So that these results meet the standards of vinegar. From these experiment we suggested that consentration of Acetobacter aceti and incubation period has effects in the degree of acidity (pH) vinegar in fermentation waste of cacao seed medium
IDENTIFIKASI SENYAWA ANTIDIABETES SECARA in Silico PADA Carica pubescens Lenne & K. Koch
Authors: Laily Ainun Nikmati , Khoiri Ahmad Nuruddin
Published: November 2016

Carica pubescens Lenne & K. Koch is one of the typical highland crops in Indonesia. This plant can be found in the region of Cangar and Bromo in East Java, as well as the Dieng Plateau, Central Java Wonosobo-Banjarnegara. Morphological, chemical content, and analysis of protein banding pattern of the Carica pubescens has been done, but more about the use of active compounds for pharmaceutical raw materials, in Diabetes Mellitus type 2 have not been studied. One therapeutic approach to lowering blood sugar levels posprandial is to slow down or inhibit the absorption of glucose through inhibition of the carbohydrates hidrolitic enzyme such as α-amylase and α-glucosidase. This study aims to identify antidiabetic compounds in silico. Antidiabetic compounds were analyzed by methods of docking. The results showed that papain and cysteine protease in C. pubescens have better binding affinity to α-amylase and α-glucosidase compared to iridoid glycosides. Papain and cysteine proteases isolated from C. pubescens are potential to be developed as an antidiabetic.
ANALISIS KANDUNGAN SAPONIN PADA DAUN DAN TANGKAI DAUN Carica pubescens Lenne & K. Koch
Authors: Minarno Eko Budi
Published: November 2016

Carica pubescens Lenne & K. Koch is a tropical species that adapt to the plateau environment and low temperatures. In East Java, the plant is found in Cangar and Bromo region. Morphological, chemical content, and analysis of protein banding pattern on C. pubescens has been done, but more on the analysis of active compounds for pharmaceutical raw materials and its accumulation in the body of the plant has not been widely studied. Saponins on C. pubescens potential as a raw material of natural medicine in the treatment of Diabetes Mellitus (DM). This study aims to determine the content of saponin in leaf and petiole of C. pubescens in terms of absorbance values. Saponins were analyzed by qualitative form the foam test, color test, Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) analytical and preparative. Quantitative test in the form of UV-Vis spectrophotometry results preparative TLC. This research was done at the Laboratory of Department of Biology and Chemistry UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang. The results showed that the leaf and petiole of C. pubescens positive for the saponins with the formation of stable foam for 60 seconds at 1.5 cm - 1.7 cm. The third positive samples containing saponins triterpene the ring test produces a brownish color. Isolation saponin by TLC shows the best ratio of eluent chloroform: methanol: water (14: 6: 1) compounds can be separated perfectly. Saponin absorbance values obtained three samples as follows: petiole samples from the region Cangar amounted to 0.852, leaf samples from the region Cangar amounted to 0.686, and leaf samples from Bromo region amounted to 0,629. The highest saponins found in organs petiole. Thus the petiole of C. pubescens has the potential to be used as a source of triterpene saponins which can be developed into a commercial herbal medicines.
PENGARUH PAKAN YANG BERBEDA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BENIH IKAN GABUS (Channa gacua)
Authors: Fani Fariedah , S. Widodo M.
Published: November 2016

The purpose of this research was to know the suitable food for snake head fry rearing. This research used experimental method with completely randomized design with three treatment: A (used Artemia sp.), B (used Daphnia sp.) and C (used Tubifex sp.), each treatment was replicated 3 replication. Major parameters was growth rate and specific growth rate while minor parameters was temperature, dissolved oxygen and pH. The result showed that treatment C which used Tubifex as feed resulted the highest growth rate with 1.25 %/day and also the highest of spesific growth rate was resulted from treatment C which used Tubifex as feed with 1.39 %/day. This was caused that protein content in Tubifex was the highest than in Artemia and Daphnia (63.05 %). Protein was the major nutrient that affected fish growth performance. Protein supplied essential and non essential acid amino that needed to muscle formation and enzimatic function, beside that protein also had a role to energy availability preservation. The result of water quality measurement showed that water quality was suitable for snake head fry growth. Water quality toward that temperature between 20 oC - 27 oC, DO 3 - 4,50 mg/L and pH range from 5 to 8.42
PROSPEK KOMERSIALISASI PRODUK MIKROBA DI BIDANG PERTANIA
Authors: PRIHASTUTI PRIHASTUTI
Published: November 2016

A microbial product commercialized is the final of a series of integrated research. This project started from a laboratory research, semi-field (greenhouse) into the field, to scale factories. The research procedures must be achieved, to maintain the quality of the microbial products. This paper raised the status and prospects for a microbial product commercialized in agriculture that can be developed and marketed, including the microbe that are active in the supply of nutrients, producing a substance in promoting plant growth and pest control. Technology of microbial commercialized covers: discovery, microbial strain development, greenhouse and field testing, formulation and implementation of products, regulatory, consumer response and market share. An economical aspect of soil microbial technology is determined by reference to the identification and quantification of financial research, processing time require, price of product, market share and return on investment.
PENGARUH POLISAKARIDA KRESTIN DARI EKSTRAK JAMUR Coriolus versicolor TERHADAP PROFIL PROTEIN TERSTIKULER DAN KADAR TESTOSTERON Mus musculus
Authors: Astuti Wahyuningsih Sri Puji , Gibson Virid , Hayati Alfiah
Published: November 2016

The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of polysaccharide krestin (PSK) on the testicular protein profiles and testosterone levels of Mus musculus with variety of dosages. This research used a completely randomized design. It were devide into four treatment group i.e. control group, PSK treatment at a dose of  15, 30, 60 mg/kgBW. Each group had six replications. Testicular proteins were isolated by flushing technique and analized by SDS-PAGE. Testosterone levels were analized using ELISA technique at wavelength 450 nm. Protein bands analysis showed that there were no diversification between four treatments. Molecular weight of protein bands were 87, 63, 57, 35, and 30 kDa. The results of research showed that the testosterone levels at dosage 60 mg/kgBW had significanly different with control, PSK treatment of 15 and 30 mg/kgBW. PSK treatment of  60 mg/kgBW had lowest level at dosage, i.e. 25946.8 ρg/mL. It can be concluded that giving variety of dosages of polysaccharide krestin did not affect to testicular protein profiles but giving effect to testosterone levels of Mus musculus.
Presentación
Authors: Hernández de la Escalera Ana María
Published: November 2016

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Authors: Azuela Cristina , Leñero Carmen
Published: November 2016

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Authors: Cohen Esther , Villaseñor Patricia
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Authors: Castaño Ana , Morábito Fabio
Published: November 2016

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Authors: Puig Luisa
Published: November 2016

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Learning needs analysis of collaborative e-classes in semi-formal settings: The REVIT example
Authors: Mavroudi Anna , Hadzilacos Thanasis
Published: November 2016

Analysis, the first phase of the typical instructional design process, is often downplayed. This paper focuses on the analysis concerning a series of e-courses for collaborative adult education in semi-formal settings by reporting and generalizing results from the REVIT project. REVIT, an EU-funded research project, offered custom e-courses to learners in several remote European areas and received a ‘best practice’ distinction in social inclusion. These e-courses were designed and developed for the purpose of providing training in aspects of the learners’ professional domains related to the utilization of information and communication technologies. The main challenge was to prove that it is possible and economically feasible to provide meaningful training opportunities via distance education, by utilizing existing infrastructure (“revitalizing schools”) and by making use of modern digital technology affordances coupled with suitable distance learning techniques and Web 2.0 tools. ADDIE, the generic instructional systems design model, enhanced with a rapid prototyping phase, was put forth in order to allow stakeholders to interact with a prototypical e-course, which served as an introductory lesson and as a reference point, since its evaluation informed the design choices of all subsequent e-courses. The learning needs approach adopted in REVIT combined learner analysis, context analysis, and needs analysis into a coherent analysis framework in which several methods (observation, estimation, document analysis, survey, and dialogue) were exploited. Putting emphasis on the analysis phase and decoupling the design from the delivery of the e-courses facilitated adaptation and localization. Adaptation and localization issues concerning the adoption of the REVIT distance learning framework, taking into account the socio-cultural and pedagogical context, are discussed. A central result reported is that the analysis phase was crucial for the success of the whole endeavour and that carrying it out properly is not straightforward or easy. The analysis framework presented in this paper could be useful in other similar e-learning situations whose “educational-identity” also involves distance and adult learning in a semi-formal setting.
Peach Flower Monitoring Using Aerial Multispectral Imaging
Authors: Horton Ryan , Cano Esteban , Bulanon Duke , Fallahi Esmaeil
Published: November 2016

One of the tools for optimal crop production is regular monitoring and assessment of crops. During the growing season of fruit trees, the bloom period has increased photosynthetic rates that correlate with the fruiting process. This paper presents the development of an image processing algorithm to detect peach blossoms on trees. Images of an experimental peach orchard were acquired from the Parma Research and Extension Center of the University of Idaho using an off-the-shelf unmanned aerial system (UAS), equipped with a multispectral camera (Near-infrared, Green, Blue). The orchard has different stone fruit varieties and different plant training system. Individual tree images (high-resolution) and arrays of trees images (low-resolution) were acquired to evaluate the detection capability. The image processing algorithm was based on different vegetation indices. Initial results showed that the image processing algorithm could detect peach blossoms and demonstrate good potential as a monitoring tool for orchard management.
Design, Synthesis, Characterization and Computational Evaluation of Novel Isobutychalcones as Cytotoxic Agents: Part-A
Authors: Shaik Afzal Basha , Prasad Yejella Rajendra , Shahanaaz Shaik
Published: November 2016

A series of novel isobutylchalcones (A1-A20) were prepared, evaluated for their cytotoxic activity and characterized by FTIR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and elemental analysis data. The logic behind the design is to synthesize and compare chalcones containing electron releasing lipophilic isobutyl substituent on aromatic ring A and the B ring with aromatic ring containing a range of electron releasing and electron withdrawing groups as well as heteroaromatic rings for their cytotoxic activity. The compounds were tested against HT-29 (colon cancer), MCF-7 (breast cancer) and DU-145 (prostate cancer) cell lines using methotrexate (IC50 12 ± 1 (HT-29), 9 ±1 (MCF-7) 5 ± 1 (DU-145)) as reference standard. Compound A6 having 2,4-difluorphenyl moiety was most potent of the series against all the three cell lines and notably A6 was mainly effective against DU-145 cell lines with an IC50 value of 18 µg/mL. The critical structural features required for the activity against all the cell lines were identified through pharmacophore model using PHASETM which has recognised a 5 point AHHRR model and is consistent with the cytotoxic activity of the tested compounds.
Improve Debate and Interaction by Providing Technological Platform to XI Class Students at Embassy of India School Moscow (K.V.)
Authors: Thakur Dharmendra Singh
Published: November 2016

The KV+ Team is a small group of students in the Embassy of India School Moscow who are functioning under the guidance of their Computer Science teacher. These young Technocrats, with the help of their acumen in their favorite field, have opened an interactive platform for all the stakeholders so as to enhance the interface and interaction between students and their subject teachers and also develop a comfortable relationship with their mentors. The online site offers sections like latest updates, blogs, chats, comments, and so much more. The enthusiastic response from the students and teachers’ fraternity has been tremendously encouraging.  The site organizes the ideas of all the members therein and was formally launched in the month of September 2015 with a terrific response.

The KV+ team caters to the needs of all the sections of KVS family. The basic idea behind it is to focus on the feedback and comments received by the members which shall help them in expanding their horizons, to touch the skies successfully with glory. The site gives wings to new brainstorming and debate. It inspires new ideas. This only can install confidence and entrepreneurial skills among students.
Current Construct Options for Revision of Large Acetabular Defects
Authors: Baauw Marieke , van Hooff Miranda L. , Spruit Maarten
Published: November 2016

Background:

Many treatment options are available for the revision of large acetabular defects. Debate continues as to which technique is most effective.

Methods:

A systematic review was performed according to the Meta-analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) guidelines to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions for large acetabular defects. Quality assessment was performed next with use of 8 items of the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) checklist for reports of observational studies. Large acetabular defects were defined as American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS) type III or IV or Paprosky type 3A or 3B. Outcomes included re-revision, radiographic loosening, complications, and clinical outcomes.

Results:

We found 7 different treatment options for large acetabular defects in 20 included studies: antiprotrusio cage (8 studies), Trabecular Metal (Zimmer) augment and shell (4 studies), bone impaction grafting with a metal mesh (2 studies), hemispherical implant with hook and flanges (2 studies), Trabecular Metal augment or structural allograft with cup (2 studies), cup-cage reconstruction (1 study), and custom-made triflange component (1 study).

Conclusions:

Trabecular Metal augments and shells gave the most promising results in terms of the re-revision rate and radiographic loosening. Reconstruction with an antiprotrusio cage was the most frequently reported technique, with good results in a physically low-demand elderly population. Bone impaction grafting seems not appropriate for pelvic discontinuity and prone to failure in patients with Paprosky type-3B defects. In those cases, a custom-made triflange implant or a cup-cage reconstruction might be the best alternative, but few reports of sufficient quality are available yet.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Panopto with Moodle: Enabling videos and screencasts to be effective assessment tools for all
Authors: Stoneham Ray
Published: November 2016

The widespread availability in universities of modern video recording and management systems integrated into Virtual Learning Environments, such as Panopto with Moodle, now enables all students to easily create and submit their own recordings for assessment, and the platform enables the management of the marking and feedback to be simple and effective.  It is time that lecturers embraced this development in order that assessment remains effective and relevant.  The ability to create a screencast or video for assessment should be an essential digital literacy skill for all university students.
Mentimeter Smartphone Student Response System: A class above clickers
Authors: Little Chris
Published: November 2016

This short piece will discuss the features of Mentimeter, a mobile device-based student response system, demonstrating it's features and the benfits to practitioners considering it's use.
Evaluation of DBPs formation from SMPs exposed to chlorine, chloramine and ozone
Authors: Zhang Beibei , Xian Qiming , Lu Jian , Gong Tingting , Li Aimin , Feng Jianfang
Published: November 2016

Soluble microbial products (SMPs) are an important group of components in wastewater effluents. In this study, the formation of disinfection by-products (DBPs), including trihalomethanes (THMs), haloacetic acids (HAAs), chlorinated solvents (CSs), haloketones (HKs), haloacetonitriles (HANs) and trichloronitromethane (TCNM) (chloropicrin), from SMPs during chlorination, chloramination and ozonation was investigated. More carbonaceous DBPs (C-DBPs: THMs, HAAs, CSs and HKs) and nitrogenous DBPs (N-DBPs: HANs and TCNM) were formed in chlorination than chloramination. More dichloroacetic and N-DBPs, and higher DBP formation potential were generated by SMPs than by natural organic matter. The results also show that disinfection factors, including temperature, pH, disinfectant dose, reaction time and bromide level significantly affected the formation of DBPs from SMPs. Additionally, the bromine incorporation factor indicates that chloramination may be a good alternative to chlorination in reducing the formation of Br-DBPs from SMPs. Bromide level and pH were the key factors affecting the formation of DBPs in both chlorination and chloramination.
Drought planning and management: experience in the Seyhan River Basin, Turkey
Authors: Tuncok Ismail Kaan
Published: November 2016

The focus of this study was to integrate drought planning and management into local and regional decision-making processes in the Seyhan River Basin, which is the second-largest basin after the Nile in the Eastern Mediterranean and agriculturally one of the most productive regions in Turkey and Europe. The methodological approach consisted of two steps: Step 1 – review and analyse historical data sets to evaluate and characterize water resources and drought-driven elements; Step 2 – evaluate drought indices to characterize drought conditions through use of the Standardized Precipitation Index and Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index. Historical and future expected drought periods were identified in the context of hydrologic, meteorologic and agricultural drought conditions.
Degradation of 4-chlorophenol by mixed Fe0/Fe3O4 nanoparticles: from the perspective of mechanisms
Authors: Cheng Rong , Xue Xingyan , Shi Lei , Zhang Tao , Liu Yaping , Kang Mi , Zheng Xiang
Published: November 2016

Fe0 nanoparticles have been widely studied for pollution abatement in recent years; however, regarding the mechanism for pollutant degradation, studies have mainly focused on the reductive dechlorination by Fe0, and the dynamic process has not been clarified completely. As reported, some organics could be degraded during the oxidation of Fe0 by O2, and hydrogen peroxide was supposed to be produced. In this study, Fe3O4, an oxidation product of Fe0, was used to treat the pollutant combining with Fe0 nanoparticles, and 4-chlorophenol (4-CP) was used as the model pollutant. The results showed that the addition of Fe3O4 nanoparticles hindered the removal of 4-CP by Fe0 nanoparticles under anoxic conditions. However, the dechlorination efficiency was improved in the initial 6 h. Under aerobic conditions, the reused Fe3O4 nanoparticles would improve the removal and dechlorination of 4-CP. Especially, the dechlorination efficiency was obviously increased. It is proposed that the removal of 4-CP was due to the effects of both nanosized Fe0 and Fe3O4 – reducing action of Fe0 and catalytic oxidation action of Fe3O4. The reducing action of Fe0 was the major factor under anoxic conditions. And the catalytic oxidation action of Fe3O4 became an important reason under aerobic conditions.
Effect of optimized three-component antiscalant mixture on calcium carbonate scale deposition
Authors: Shen Zhanhui , Shi Jialu , Zhang Shuzhan , Fan Jing , Li JianSheng
Published: November 2016

The mixture of 1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid (HEDP), and polyacrylic acid (PAA) and synthesized hydrolyzed polymaleic anhydride (HPMA) was optimized by using simplex lattice of Design-Expert software through calcium carbonate precipitation method. The optimum mass ratio of HEDP, PAA and synthesized HPMA was obtained at 10/10/80, which showed excellent performance on controlling calcium carbonate deposition. The antiscale efficiency of the optimum mixture was 84% and 95%, respectively, in the calcium carbonate precipitation test and the calcium carbonate scale deposit test. The optimum mixture could disturb the crystal growth of calcium carbonate and then affect the morphology and crystal structure of the calcium carbonate precipitates.
Anatomical and micromorphological characteristics of the seed coat of field pea (Pisum sativum L.) genotypes in relation to cracks and damage of seeds
Authors: Lazarevic Jelena , Zoric Lana , Karagic Djura , Milosevic Branko , Karanovic Dunja , Milic Dubravka , Tepic Aleksandra , Lukovic Jadranka
Published: November 2016

In this paper, we present the morphological characteristics of the seed and
micromorphological, anatomical and chemical characteristics of the seed coat
of pea (Pisum sativum L.) genotypes, Jezero, Javor and NS Junior. Our aim was
to investigate whether these genotypes can be differentiated based on seed
coat morphoanatomical characteristics, depending on the harvest treatment.
The observations and measurements of seed coat cross-sections were performed
using light microscopy. The seed coat surface was observed using SEM. A
tuberculate seed coat surface characterized all examined pea genotypes, and
the average diameter of the tubercle was about 12 ?m. Statistical and
laboratory analyses revealed that major damage was the most frequent defect
type as the result of mechanized harvest in all the examined genotypes.
Genotype NS Junior had the shortest seed length (6.1 mm). Micromorphological
analysis revealed that the seed surface was tuberculate in all genotypes. The
genotype Jezero had the highest number of tubercle ribs (11.0) and a
significantly higher proportion of parenchyma tissue (50.6%), while NS Junior
was characterized by the greatest share of macrosclereids (49.8%). The
highest number of osteosclereids (832/mm2) was counted in genotype Javor. In
addition, genotype NS Junior stands out due to the highest percentage of
crude fiber (62.75 g/100g) in the seed coat. There was a marked difference
among the studied genotypes with regard to the seed coat morphoanatomical
characteristics, which is confirmed by the results of multivariate
discriminant analysis (MDA). These results suggested that the morphological,
micromorphological and anatomical characteristics of the seed might have an
impact on the seed coat damage level at harvest.
Biochemical composition and fatty acid profile of gonads from wild and cultured Shortfin corvina (Cynoscion parvipinnis) during the early maturation stage
Authors: González-Félix Mayra , Urquidez-Bejarano Perla , Perez-Velazquez Martin , Castro-Longoria Reina , Vazquez-Boucard Celia
Published: November 2016

Cynoscion parvipinnis is an important fisheries resource of the Gulf of
California used locally for human consumption. Its aquaculture potential has
recently been demonstrated, and cultured organisms are already available. In
this study, the gonadal developmental stage, proximate composition, fatty
acid profile and other biochemical and biological indices of wild and
cultured fish were characterized. A total of 80 fish, 30 cultured (15 female
and 15 male) and 50 wild (31 female and 19 male), captured in November at
Santa Rosa, Sonora, Mexico, were analyzed. Histological analyses of the
gonads showed that 100% of the wild and cultured fish were at an early
maturation stage. Wild fish had greater body weight, total length and
gonadosomatic index. Cultured female fish (19.64%) possessed a slightly
higher protein content in their gonads than wild females (17.11%), whereas
males had similar values (14.00 and 14.83%). Cultured females (10.85%) and
males (20.48%) had a significantly greater crude fat content than wild fish
(female: 2.05%, male: 11.05%). Palmitic acid was the most abundant fatty
acid (FA), ranging from 128.58-164.84 mg of 16:0 g-1 of gonad wet weight.
After 16:0, highly unsaturated FAs like DHA, ARA and EPA were the major FA
in gonadal tissue; n-3 FAs were quantitatively higher than n-6 FAs, while
the n-3/n-6 ratios ranged from 2.08-2.81. In general, the biochemical
composition of the gonad of wild and cultured organisms at an early
maturation stage was quite similar. These data may serve as indicators of
dietary requirements for a maturation diet for broodstock culture.
Reversal of Diabetes in NOD Mice by Clinical-Grade Proinsulin and IL-10–SecretingLactococcus lactisin Combination With Low-Dose Anti-CD3 Depends on the Induction of Foxp3-Positive T Cells
Authors: Takiishi Tatiana , Cook Dana Paulina , Korf Hannelie , Sebastiani Guido , Mancarella Francesca , Cunha João Paulo Monteiro Carvalho Mori , Wasserfall Clive , Casares Noelia , Lasarte Juan José , Steidler Lothar , Rottiers Pieter , Dotta Francesco , Gysemans Conny , Mathieu Chantal
Published: November 2016

The introduction of β-cell autoantigens via the gut through Lactococcus lactis (L. lactis) has been demonstrated to be a promising approach for diabetes reversal in NOD mice. Here we show that a combination therapy of low-dose anti-CD3 with a clinical-grade self-containing L. lactis, appropriate for human application, secreting human proinsulin and interleukin-10, cured 66% of mice with new-onset diabetes, which is comparable to therapy results with plasmid-driven L. lactis. Initial blood glucose concentrations (<350 mg/dL) and insulin autoantibody positivity were predictors of the stable reversal of hyperglycemia, and decline in insulin autoantibody positivity was an immune biomarker of therapeutic outcome. The assessment of the immune changes induced by the L. lactis–based therapy revealed elevated frequencies of CD4+Foxp3+ T cells in the pancreas-draining lymph nodes, pancreas, and peripheral blood of all treated mice, independent of metabolic outcome. Neutralization of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 and transforming growth factor-β partially abrogated the suppressive function of therapy-induced regulatory T cells (Tregs). Ablation or functional impairment of Foxp3+ Tregs in vivo at the start or stop of therapy impaired immune tolerance, highlighting the dependence of the therapy-induced tolerance in mice with new-onset diabetes on the presence and functionality of CD4+Foxp3+ T cells. Biomarkers identified in this study can potentially be used in the future to tailor the L. lactis–based combination therapy for individual patients.
Accuracy and Longevity of an Implantable Continuous Glucose Sensor in the PRECISE Study: A 180-Day, Prospective, Multicenter, Pivotal Trial
Authors: Kropff Jort , Choudhary Pratik , Neupane Sankalpa , Barnard Katharine , Bain Steve C. , Kapitza Christoph , Forst Thomas , Link Manuela , Dehennis Andrew , DeVries J. Hans
Published: November 2016

OBJECTIVE

It is known that continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems can lower mean glucose compared with episodic self-monitoring of blood glucose. Implantable CGM systems may provide additional benefits.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

We studied the Eversense (Senseonics Inc.) implantable CGM sensor in 71 participants aged 18 years and older with type 1 and type 2 diabetes in a 180-day multinational, multicenter pivotal trial. Participants used the CGM system at home and in the clinic. CGM accuracy was assessed during eight in-clinic visits with the mean absolute relative difference (MARD) for venous reference glucose values >4.2 mmol/L as the primary end point. Secondary end points included Clarke Error Grid Analysis and alarm performance. The primary safety outcome was device-related serious adverse events. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02154126.

RESULTS

The MARD value against reference glucose values >4.2 mmol/L was 11.1% (95% CI 10.5, 11.7). Clarke Error Grid Analysis showed 99.2% of samples in the clinically acceptable error zones A and B. Eighty-one percent of hypoglycemic events were detected by the CGM system within 30 min. No device-related serious adverse events occurred during the study.

CONCLUSIONS

Our results indicate the safety and accuracy of this new type of implantable CGM system and support it as an alternative for transcutaneous CGM.
The infrared camera: a tool for mountain lakes research
Authors: Choiński Adam , Heese Tomasz , Oberski Tomasz
Published: November 2016

During field research work an attempt was made to use an infrared camera in alpine conditions without the use of a plane. The images received as thermal pictures are of high value because they show a continuous record of temperature on the whole water surface. The scale of temperature diversity is very high and amounts to approximately 6°C. It is necessary to take photos of this type at short time intervals. It will enable the circulation of waters which results in a change in water temperature to be captured. This research will also allow seasonal changes of water temperature to be seized, for example during summer stagnation, water freezing, destruction of the ice layer and also the influence of the coastal zone on shaping thermal conditions in the zone of coastal waters.
Impact of cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo sinensis L.) colonies on microbial pollution in lakes
Authors: Klimaszyk Piotr , Rzymski Piotr
Published: November 2016

During 2009-2011 we investigated the effect of perennial and roosting cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo sinensis) colonies on microbial pollution in 3 lakes: Góreckie (Greater Poland National Park), Chrzypsko (Greater Poland Province) and Ostrowiec (Drawa National Park). On Lake Góreckie cormorants formed a roosting colony (<200 individuals) that inhabited part of the lake shore. On Lake Chrzypsko a new breeding colony was formed (3 nests) while the breeding colony on Lake Ostrowiec, established over 40 years ago, consisted of over 170 breeding pairs. In the case of Lake Ostrowiec, high pollution with coliform bacteria (including Escherichia coli) was observed. Compared to the control station the significantly higher Most Probable Number (MPN) of coliform bacteria was found in groundwater under the colony. It was found that bacterial counts decreased in the direction of the centre of the water body with the highest numbers noted in the lake samples collected within the colony boundaries. Furthermore, seasonal variations in coliform bacteria were also observed with maximum densities during the breeding season. Similar trends were observed for the roosting colony on Lake Góreckie while for the newly forming colony on Lake Chrzypsko increased density of investigated bacteria was noted only in groundwater.
Metal accumulation in sediments and biota in Malta Reservoir (Poland)
Authors: Rzymski Piotr , Klimaszyk Piotr , Niedzielski Przemysław , Poniedziałek Barbara
Published: November 2016

Municipal water reservoirs improve urban landscape architecture, providing water for various domestic uses. At the same time, they are under strong human impact affecting water quality and biological conditions. We investigated the level of metal accumulation (Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni, Mn, Pb and Zn) in sediments as well as mussels Anodonta anatina and Unio tumidus and common reed Phragmites australis collected from 8 sampling sites at Malta Reservoir (Poznań, Poland) just before the complete drainage of the lake in November, 2012. In all investigated samples metal concentrations ranked in decreasing order: Fe>Mn>Zn>Cu>Cr>Ni>Pb>Co>Cd. Accumulation of toxic metals in roots of P. australis was higher than in soft tissues of mussels although it did not exceed phytotoxic levels. Roots of P. australis accumulated high levels of Cr (mean 9.7 μg g-1) and Ni (mean 5.7 μg g-1). U. tumidus accumulated higher concentrations of Cr (mean 1.1 μg g-1) than A. anatina indicating potential use in bioindication of this metal. The present study provides the most recent information on metal content in sediments and biota in Malta Reservoir and, further, suggests that this reservoir is capable of accumulating toxic elements from preceding water bodies (Lake Swarzędz) and surrounding residential areas.
A testimony of detachment of an inland lake from marine influence during the mid-Holocene in the Vestfold Hills region, East Antarctica
Authors: Mazumder Abhijit , Govil Pawan , Sharma Shalini , Ravindra Rasik , Khare Neloy , Chaturvedi Subodh Kumar
Published: November 2016

A 47 cm long sediment core collected from an inland lake of the Vestfold Hills, East Antarctica has been examined to reconstruct the palaeolacustrine environmental changes. The core shows dates at two core intervals of 18-19 cm and 28-29 cm as 5050±98 yrs BP and 5560±96 yrs BP, respectively. The core exhibits a good amount of diatom population throughout the length. Prior to 5560±96 yrs BP, the core shows high abundance of diatom population (>10×107 g-1) along with sufficient salt crystal, which indicates the connection of this lake with the marine environment. From 5560±96 yrs BP to 5050±98 yrs BP the total number diatoms decreased substantially along with the decrease in salt crystal, which indicates the withdrawal of the marine influence from the lake during that period. From 5050±98 yrs BP to Recent, the low number of diatoms and the rare occurrence of salt crystal suggest that the lake remained mostly detached from the sea during the last 5000 yrs.
The present-day condition of water resources in Belarus
Authors: Volchek Alexander A. , Kirvel Ivan , Parfomuk Sergey , Makhambetova Roza
Published: November 2016

The optimal number of hydrological monitoring stations for the annual values, the maximum spring, the minimum summerautumn and the minimum winter river runoff in Belarus is determined. The research on optimization of the hydrological network of Belarus led to a conclusion about the optimum number of hydrological stations in the country, but in the case of observing the values of the annual runoff, the number of the existing plants is the minimum necessary, and reducing their number is inadmissible. On the basis of trends in air temperature changes, precipitation and humidity deficits from 1985 to 2009, the forecasts of these parameters are prepared until 2020. Taking into account the models of climatic parameter change, a possible change in the water regime of the rivers in the future is investigated.
A multivariate assessment of the trophic state of a man-made reservoir in North Tunisia
Authors: Aloui Besma Zouabi , Gueddari Moncef
Published: November 2016

In the present work, we attempt to test the applicability of common trophic state indices such as Carlson’s index (1977), probability distribution diagrams of Vollenweider (1982), and fixed boundary systems of the OECD (1982) and of Nurnberg (1996) for evaluating the risk of eutrophication in the Sejnane reservoir in North Tunisia. The environmental parameters considered include monthly values of nutrients, chlorophyll a, Secchi transparency, turbidity and dissolved oxygen over a decade of monitoring from November 2001 through October 2011. To compile data and to identify key aspects of water quality, a multivariate technique as Principal Component Analysis was performed. Results show that productivity is limited by sedimentary turbidity, which contributes to decreasing water clarity and promotes the adsorption of phosphorus to suspended matter that decreases, indirectly, the bioavailability of nutrients. The Nurnberg model provides an accurate assessment of eutrophication with a clear internal coherence between self-indicators, and appears to be the most suitable way to evaluate eutrophication risk in the reservoir.
Trunk and Shank Position Influences Patellofemoral Joint Stress in the Lead and Trail Limbs During the Forward Lunge Exercise
Authors: Hofmann Cory L. , Holyoak Derek T. , Juris Paul M.
Published: November 2016

Study Design

Controlled laboratory study, repeated-measures design.

Background

The effects of trunk and shank position on patellofemoral joint stress of the lead limb have been well studied; however, the effects on the trail limb are not well understood.

Objectives

To test the hypothesis that trunk and shank position may influence patellofemoral joint stress in both limbs during the forward lunge exercise.

Methods

Patellofemoral kinetics were quantified from 18 healthy participants performing the lunge exercise with different combinations of trunk and shank positions (vertical or forward). A 2-by-3 (limb-by-lunge variation) repeated-measures analysis of variance was performed, using paired t tests for post hoc comparisons.

Results

The trail limb experienced greater total patellofemoral joint stress relative to the lead limb, regardless of trunk and shank position (P<.0001). The lunge variation with a vertical shank position resulted in significantly greater peak patellofemoral joint stress in the trail limb relative to the lead limb (P<.0001). A forward trunk and shank position resulted in the highest patellofemoral stress in the lead limb (P<.0001).

Conclusion

Trunk and shank positions have a significant influence on patellofemoral joint loading of both limbs during the forward lunge, with the trail limb generally experiencing greater total joint stress. Restricting forward translation of the lead-limb shank may reduce patellofemoral joint stress at the expense of increased stress in the trail limb. Technique recommendations should consider the demands imposed on both knees during this exercise. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2017;47(1):31–40. Epub 4 Nov 2016. doi:10.2519/jospt.2017.6336
Evaluation of Psoas Major and Quadratus Lumborum Recruitment Using Diffusion-Weighted Imaging Before and After 5 Trunk Exercises
Authors: Imai Atsushi , Okubo Yu , Kaneoka Koji
Published: November 2016

Study Design

Controlled laboratory study, with a pretest-posttest design.

Background

Diffusion-weighted imaging is a noninvasive magnetic resonance imaging technique that can be used to assess the recruitment of the psoas major (PM) and quadratus lumborum (QL). The recruitment of these muscles during trunk exercises has not been evaluated.

Objective

To evaluate the diffusion of water movement in several trunk muscles using diffusion-weighted imaging before and after specific trunk exercises and thereby to understand the level of recruitment of each muscle during each exercise.

Methods

Nine healthy male participants performed the right side bridge, knee raise, and 3 front bridges, including the hand-knee, elbow-knee, and elbow-toe bridges. Diffusion-weighted imaging was performed before and after each exercise. After scanning, the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) map was constructed, and ADC values of the rectus abdominis, lateral abdominal muscles, QL, PM, and back muscles were calculated.

Results

The right PM following the elbow-toe bridge demonstrated the largest increase in ADC values, a change significantly greater than that demonstrated by the hand-knee bridge (P<.001) and side bridge (P = .002) exercises. The ADC change in the right QL following the side bridge exercise was significantly larger than that of other exercises (P<.008).

Conclusion

Of the 5 exercises investigated, the elbow-toe bridge and side bridge exercises elicit the greatest recruitment of the PM and QL, respectively. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2017;47(2):108–114. Epub 5 Nov 2016. doi:10.2519/jospt.2017.6730