bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Spatial Zonation of Landslide Prone Area Using Information Value in the Geologically Fragile Region of Samdrup Jongkhar-Tashigang National Highway in Bhutan
Authors:   Faculty of Agriculture, Natural Resource and Environment, Naresuan University, Thailand, Thongley Thongley , Vansarochana Chaiwiwat ,   Faculty of Agriculture, Natural Resource and Environment, Naresuan University, Thailand
Published: December 2020

Samdrup Jongkhar-Tashigang National Highway (SJ-TG NH) in Bhutan experiences several landslides every year. However, there are no studies on the landslides which will assist in highway realignment. This study developed the landslide susceptibility mapping (LSM) using the information value (IV) and check the reliability of the IV. The workflow consists of landslide inventory, factor preparation, LSM development, and its validation. During the landslide inventory, a total of 130 landslides were identified from satellite image interpretation, google earth image, and field investigation. The landslide inventory was divided into a training dataset (70%) and a validation dataset (30%). Then, nine factors were used to construct a spatial database. The accuracy was conducted using the area under curve (AUC) and the reliability of the model was performed using the kappa index. The AUC for the success rate (0.7700) falls under a good category and the prediction rate (0.6798) falls under the moderate category. The kappa index (0.3407) for the IV falls under the fair reliability category. The LSM was classified into very safe (16.42%), safe (30.64%), moderately (27.67%), risky (16.18%), and high risky zones (9.09%) based on the natural break. The LSM will guide decision-makers in the realignment of the road.
The Effectiveness of Marital Relationship Enrichment Training Based on Choice Theory, on Distress Tolerance of Women Recovered from Addiction
Authors:   Department of Psychology, Neyshabur Branch, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur, Iran., Ghajari Elham , Toozandehjani Hassan ,   Department of Psychology, Neyshabur Branch, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur, Iran., Nejat Hamid ,   Department of Psychology, Quchan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Quchan, Iran.
Published: December 2020

Aims: Most people in the community believe that substance abuse is masculine, while women are progressing alongside men in this area, with statistics indicating an increasing number of infected women. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of enriching couples relationships on tolerance of distressed women who were drug abusers Methods & Materials: This is a quasi-experimental study with pre-test, post-test and follow-up test with control group. Initially, 40 women were selected from the study and 20 were randomly assigned to the experimental group and 20 to the control group. Subjects were then assessed using a distress tolerance test (Simmons & Gahr, 2005). Experimental group participants participated in enrichment sessions based on Doba, Graham, Britz and Minatra (2009) choice theory and control group subjects remained on the waiting list. A follow-up test was taken after three months. Multivariate analysis of variance with repeated measures was used to analyze the data. The above analyzes were performed with SPSS V. 24 software Findings: The results indicated that there was a significant difference between the mean of pre-test, posttest and follow-up scores of distress tolerance scales in the experimental and control groups. (P<0.05). The mean distress tolerance in the experimental group increased from 34.533 to 42.80 in the pre-test phase and reached 42.533 in the follow-up phase. Also, the significant interaction between the stages with the experimental group in the mentioned variable indicates that in the post-test and follow-up stages, the mean of the experimental groups was significantly higher than the control group. Conclusion: Due to the increasing trend of addiction in women, proper education is one of the essentials. Therefore, it is recommended to take effective steps to improve couple distress tolerance training by enriching couple relationships
Using the Backman Model in Determining the Dimensions of Self-Care and Its Factors Affecting the Elderly in Tehran City, Iran
Authors:   Department of Promotion and Education, Research Center for Health, Safety and Environment, School of Health, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran., Salehi Leili , Keikavoosi-Arani Leila ,   Department of Healthcare Services Management, Research Center for Health, Safety and Environment, School of Health, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.
Published: December 2020

Aims Self-care helps older people manage their own health and stay independent by delaying disability. This study aimed to apply the Backman Model in determining the dimensions of self-care and the factors affecting it in the elderly in Tehran. Methods & Materials: This cross-sectional study was performed on 400 elderly members ofnursing homes by systematic random sampling. Data gathering tool included demographic characteristics and self-care behaviors, self-care orientation, life satisfaction assessment, self-confidence, social support, and functional capability. The Chi-square and Pearson correlationand regression analysis were used with a significance coefficient of 0.05. The data were analyzed in SPSS v. 19. Findings: The total mean ages of elderly were 69.11±7.51, 42.5% male. There was significant difference between the types of self-care and gender only in the dimensions of work habits (P<0.001) and medical treatment (P<0.001). Pearson correlation indicated there was a direct and positive relationship between self-care type and self-care orientation (r=0.662, P=0.01). The relationship between self-care type and social support was negative (r=0.075, P=0.01). Conclusion: Factors such as life satisfaction, functional capacity, social support and self-confidence are associated with self-care in the elderly. It is suggested that health system policymakers formulate support programs for the elderly in various forms, such as the elderly access to transportation program, facilities, tax exemptions, etc.
Effect of the Cellular Extract of Co-cultured Lactobacillus Casei on BAX and Human β-Defensin 2 Genes Expression in HT29 Cells
Authors:   Department of Microbiology, Ahar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahar, Iran., Yavari Mina , Ahmadizadeh Changiz ,   Department of Microbiology, Ahar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahar, Iran.
Published: December 2020

Aims: Defensins are cysteine-rich antimicrobial cationic peptides and BAX is a proapoptotic gene that can cause cell death. This study aimed to investigate the effect of cellular extract of co-cultured Lactobacillus casei on the expression of BAX and human β-defensin 2 (hBD-2) genes in HT29 cells. Methods & Materials: This experimental study was conducted in the Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences in 2017. The HT29 cell line was obtained from the Pasteur Institute of Iran, and cells were assessed using Microculture Tetrazolium Test (MTT) after culturing. DNA was extracted from the treated cells, and then the DNA ladder assay was carried out. After preparing cDNA, the expression levels of BAX and hBD-2 genes in the HT29 cell line were measured using a real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method. Findings: The results of the MTT assay indicated that Lactobacillus casei inhibited the proliferation of HT29 cells and induced apoptosis in these cells. Results of DAPI staining and DNA ladder assay obtained from treating HT29 cells by Lactobacillus casei showed qualitative changes in cell apoptosis. Moreover, realtime PCR results indicated that Lactobacillus casei bacteria significantly increased the expression of the hBD-2 gene in HT29 colon cancer cells within 12-24 hours (P= 0.023), while BAX gene expression showed no significant change in the first 24 hours (P= 0.37). Conclusion: The extract of Lactobacillus casei can be used to stimulate cancer cells to produce β-defensins, inhibit pathogens, prevent the stimulation of cellular signaling, and fight antibiotic-resistant bacteria.
Effect of Extracts of Cloves (Syzygium Aromaticum) on Hepatic Cell Damage and Oxidative Stress Caused by Diabetes in Adult Rats
Authors:   Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran., Pourlak Tala , Halimi Monireh ,   Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran., Pourlak Tannaz ,   Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz, Iran., Maroufi Parham ,   Department of Orthopedics, Shohada Medical Research, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences,Tabriz, Iran., Ghaderpour Saber ,   Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.Student Research Committee, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnord, Iran., Shokoohi Arefeh ,   Student Research Committee, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnord, Iran.
Published: December 2020

Aims: In this study, we investigated the effect of clove extract (Syzygium aromaticum) on liver cell damage and oxidative stress caused by diabetes in adult rats. Methods & Materials: For this study, 28 female rats were collected and divided into four groups: A: Control group; B: Diabetic Control group (DC) which received 20% glycerol dissolved in normal saline as carriers; C: Diabetic rats (DSA) treated with cloves hydroalcoholic extract (4 mg/kg); d) diabetic rats (DG) treated with glibenclamide (5 mg/kg) as a standard drug. Findings: The fasting blood sugar and serum triglyceride levels in the DC group increased significantly compared to the control group (P<0.05). In DC, DG, and DSA groups, high-density lipoprotein, and serum insulin levels decreased significantly compared to the control group (P<0.05). Also, in DG and DSA groups, high-density lipoprotein and serum insulin levels increased significantly compared to the DC group. Conclusion: Cloves can affect fasting blood sugar, serum insulin levels, serum fat profile levels, and prevent liver tissue damage in diabetic rats caused by streptozotocin.
The Effect of 8-Weeks of Low-Intensity Swimming Training on Promyelocytic Leukemia Zinc Finger Protein and Spermatid Transition Nuclear Protein Gene Expression in Azoospermic Rats Model
Authors:   Department of Exercise Physiology, Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran., Zohrabi Karani Leila , Farzanegi Parvin ,   Department of Exercise Physiology, Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran., Azarbayjani Mohammad Ali ,   Department of Exercise Physiology, Tehran Central Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Published: December 2020

Aims: One of the causes of infertility in men is the azoospermia disease, which is attributed to the lack of sperm in each sperm. The primary function of spermatogenesis is the maintenance, proliferation, and differentiation of spermatogonial cells. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the changes in Promyelocytic Leukemia Zinc Finger (PLZF) and spermatid Transition Nuclear Protein (TNP) gene expression levels in an azoospermic rat model after 8 weeks of low-intensity aerobic training. Methods & Materials: In this experimental study, 15 adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups of healthy control, with azoospermia, and exercise plus azoospermia after creating an azoospermia model. The patient plus exercise group performed a low-intensity swimming exercise 30 minutes a day, five days a week for 8 weeks, after the creation of the azoospermic rats. A One-way ANOVA test was used for data analysis. Findings: The results showed that a period of swimming exercise program in the exercise plus azoospermia group significantly reduced PLZF gene expression compared to the healthy control groups (P=0.001) and no significant increase to the azoospermia group (P=0.06). There was also a significant decrease in TNP gene expression levels in the exercise plus azoospermia group compared to the healthy control group (P=0.001) and a significant increase in the azoospermia group (P=0.057). Conclusion: Based on these Findings, it can be stated that the alteration of key molecules or signaling pathways and expression of the PLZF and TNP genes in the spermatogenesis process may increase infertility, but regular aerobic exercise, such as low-intensity swimming, helps to control the effects of infertility by increasing the maintenance and development of spermatogonial stem cells.
Lower Extremity Risk Factors in Iranian Adolescent Taekwondo Players
Authors:   Sports Rehabilitation and Health Department, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran., Zarei Mostafa , Johari Kamran ,   Department of Sports Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Bukan Branch, West Azerbaijan, Bukan, Iran., Bagherian Rahim ,   Department of Sports Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Karaj Branch, Karaj, Iran.
Published: December 2020

Purpose: Taekwondo is a martial art and contact sport in which the athletes’ goal is to strike the opponent with maximal force. This fact exposes taekwondo practitioners to the permanent risk of injuries. Therefore, the current prospective study aimed to investigate the internal risk factors of lower extremity injuries in the adolescent male taekwondo players. Methods: In total, 60 adolescent taekwondo players of Iran Premier League voluntarily participated in this research. Before league commencement, navicular drop, Q angle, knee hyperextension angle, the dorsiflexion/plantarflexion range of motion, hamstring flexibility, and their dynamic balance were measured. Then, the injuries of these taekwondo players were recorded during the study time. Results: The injury incidence rate was 7.9 per 1000 hours of exposure (95% confidence interval, 5.33-10.40). The logistic regression analysis data indicated a significant relationship between the Q angle and injuries incidence rate (odds ratio=1.33, P=0.031). The taekwondo players whose Q angles were >14.5 degrees were 1.33 times more prone to lower limb injury. However, no significant relationship was observed between the other risk factors of the study cases and injuries incidence.  Conclusion: Regarding the research findings, the Q angle could predict lower limb injuries in the studied taekwondo players. Therefore, it is suggested that this index be considered in the preparticipation evaluation process and preventive strategies.
Effects of a Four-Week Vestibular Exercise Program on Postural Control, Risk of Falling, and Quality of Life in Visually-impaired Individuals
Authors:   Department of Sports Medicine and Health, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran., Mansori Mohammad Hani , Moghadas Tabrizi Yousof ,   Department of Sports Medicine and Health, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran., Karimizadeh Ardakani Mohammad ,   Department of Sports Medicine and Health, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
Published: December 2020

Purpose: Visually-impaired individuals encounter difficulties in balance control and quality of life, and experience more instability, compared to healthy people. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the effects of vestibular exercises training program on postural control, risk of falling, and quality of life in individuals with visual impairment.  Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest and a control group design. In total, 24 men with visual impairment were randomly divided into the control and experimental groups. The experimental group performed a 4-week vestibular exercise program for 3 weekly sessions of 50 minutes. The Biodex Balance System, Timed Up and Go (TUG) test, and 36-Item Short Form Survey (SF-36) were respectively used to evaluate the postural control, risk of falling, and quality of life of the study samples, before and after the exercise intervention. Univariate analysis and Paired Samples t-test were used to determine the differences between the two groups. Results: The present study results suggested that vestibular exercises improved balance and quality of life, and decrease the risk of falling in visually-impaired people; there was a significant difference between pretest and posttest values in the experimental group. However, no significant difference was observed in the control group in the mentioned variables. The Univariate analysis results revealed that the experimental group obtained higher scores on balance, risk of falling, and quality of life, compared to the control group. Conclusion: Vestibular exercises significantly improved postural control and quality of life, and decreased the risk of falling in the studied samples. It is recommended that these exercises be included in the rehabilitation programs for visually-impaired individuals.
Investigating Knee Joint Position Sense After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in Male Soccer Players
Authors:   Faculty of Physical Education, Department of Sports Injury and Corrective Exercises, University of Guilan, Guilan, Iran., Fakoor Rashid Hossein , Fadaei Dehcheshmeh Taleb ,   Faculty of Physical Education, Department of Sports Injury and Corrective Exercises, University of Guilan, Guilan, Iran., Daneshmandi Hassan ,   Faculty of Physical Education, Department of Sports Injury and Corrective Exercises, University of Guilan, Guilan, Iran., Norasteh Ali Asghar ,   Faculty of Physical Education, Department of Sports Injury and Corrective Exercises, University of Guilan, Guilan, Iran.
Published: December 2020

Purpose: Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) injury is the most common knee ligament injury during exercise, with a frequency of 36.9 per 100000 individuals. The characteristics of this injury are proprioception dysfunction. The present study aimed to investigate the knee proprioception after the reconstruction of ACL in soccer players. Methods: The study sample of this study was 20 elite male soccer players with an ACL injury experiencing post-reconstruction. The knee joint position sense of the study subjects was measured by Isokinetic (Gymnex model) at 30°, 45°, and 60° between the operated and non-operated knee. An Independent Samples t-test was used to compare the mean scores of the measured variables at the significance level of P≤0.05. Results: The obtained results suggested that the mean value of the angle reproduction test at 30° on the operated knee was significantly more than that of the non-operated knee (P=0.003). Moreover, the mean value of a passive angle reproduction test was significantly more than that of the active angle test in the operated knee (P=0.001). There was no significant difference between the mean value of 45° angle repair results in the non-operated and operated knee (P=0.99). The difference between active and passive tests in the operated knee on 45° was significant; the study subjects demonstrated higher mean scores in the active test (P=0.02). Additionally, the half-value in angle reproduction in 60° in the operated knee was significantly less than that of the non-operated knee (P=0.01). Eventually, there was no significant difference between the results of the test at this angle in the passive and active angle reproduction in the affected knee (P=0.22). Conclusion: The obtained data revealed that the knee joint position sense of the operated knee joint, compared to the non-operated knee in elite soccer players, along with the reconstruction of the ACL, was weaker than those of the non-operated knee.
Effect of Ultrasound Therapy on the Adult-Onset Still’s Disease: A Case Study
Authors:   Department of Internal Medicine, Cairo University Hospitals, Giza, Egypt., Yooussef Manal
Published: December 2020

Adult Onset Still’s Disease (AOSD) is a rare systemic inflammatory disease of unrecognized etiology and pathogenesis that presents in 5% to 10% of patients as Fever of Unknown Origin (FUO) accompanied by systemic manifestations. We reported a compelling case of a 39-year-old African male who presented with a one-month duration FUO along with skin rash, sore throat, and arthralgia. After an extensive workup, potential differential diagnoses were ruled out, and the patient was diagnosed with AOSD based on the Yamaguchi criteria. After the application of Ultrasound (US) and exercises on both ankles as well as left knee, left elbow, and left wrist, there was an improvement of Visual Analogue Scale by 66.6%, Five Repetition Sit to Stand Test (FRSTS) improved 50%, Timed Up and Go (TUG) test improved 87.5%, and there was also an improvement in the 36-Item Short Form Survey (SF-36), and muscle testing. This result was due to the anti-inflammatory effect of the US, leading to decrease pain and improve function in the individuals.
The Effects of 12-Weeks of Sensorimotor Exercise on Pain, Strength, Pelvic Drop, and Dynamic Knee Valgus in Males With Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome
Authors:   Department of Corrective Exercises and Sports Injury, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Bu Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran., Yalfani Ali , Ahmadi Mohamadreza ,   Department of Corrective Exercises and Sports Injury, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Bu Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran., Gandomi Farzaneh ,   Department of Corrective Exercises and Sports Injury, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.
Published: December 2020

Purpose: Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome (PFPS) is among the most prevalent complaints observed in healthcare clinics. This group of patients encounters Pelvic Drop (PD) and Dynamic Knee Valgus (DNV); its’ causes have been reported as pain and decreased muscle strength. The current study aimed to explore the effects of a 12-week Sensorimotor Exercise (SME) on pain, strength, PD, and DNV in males with PFPS. Methods: This randomized double-blind clinical trial involved 32 patients with PFPS. The study samples were randomly divided into the experimental (n=16) and control (n=16) groups. To assess pain, the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was used. Moreover, quadriceps muscle strength was measured by the hip abductor hand dynamometer. To analyze PD and DNV, camera and Kinova software were used during stairs descent. The experimental group performed 12 weeks of SME for 3 one-hour weekly sessions. However, the control group received no therapeutic intervention during this time. The obtained data were analyzed in SPSS using Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA).  Results: The data analysis results suggested that pain significantly reduced in the experimental group, compared to the control group, after twelve weeks of SME (P<0.001). Besides, quadriceps muscle strength (P<0.002) and hip abductor muscle strength (P<0.001) improved, and PD angle (P<0.002) and DNV (P<0.003) were reduced. Conclusion: SME reduced pain and facilitated the frequency and time of muscle activation. It also increased the strength of the gluteus medius muscle as the main stabilizer of the pelvis chain and led to a reduction in PD and DNV. Thus, SME could be used as a comprehensive protocol treatment to improve various disorders in patients with PFPS.
The Effects of a 6-Week Selected Balance and Cawthorne-Cooksey Exercises on Static Balance and Mobility in Female Patients With Multiple Sclerosis
Authors:   Department of Sport Injury and Corrective Exercise, Faculity of Physical Education, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Alborz, Iran., Feshki Fatemeh , Banaeifar Abdolali ,   Department of Exercise Phisiology, Faculity of Physical Education, Islamic Azad University, South Branch, Tehran, Iran., Kasbparast Mehdi ,   Department of Sport Injury and Corrective Exercise, Faculity of Physical Education, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Alborz, Iran.
Published: December 2020

Purpose: This quasi-experimental and applied research was conducted in 2019. The statistical population of this study included female patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) who were members of the Iranian MS Association.  Methods: The study subjects were selected among those with a moderate level of disability (between grades 2 & 5). From the statistical population, initially, 60 individuals were selected by a simple and accessible method; however, for some reason, some samples dropped out during the research. In total, 14, 15, and 19 individuals included the balance, Cawthorne-Cooksey, and control groups, respectively. They were selected based on the study inclusion and exclusion criteria. The three groups were evaluated for static balance by the stork test; then, their mobility was measured by the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test at the pretest phase. Next, the two experimental groups performed the exercises for 6 weeks and 3 sessions per week. Besides, at the end of the exercise protocol, the three groups conducted the mentioned test again at the posttest step. To compare the between-groups data at the posttest, one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Least Significant Difference (LSD) test were used to compare the differences between the research groups at a significance level 0.05. Results: The present research results indicated that the balance and Cawthorne-Cooksey exercises performed in the experimental groups revealed statistically significant changes in the two studied factors (both P=0.001). Moreover, the LSD test results signified that in the mobility test, there was a significant difference between the control group and balance exercises group (P=0.001) and the control group and Cawthorne-Cooksey exercises group (P=0.001). Additionally, in the static balance test, a significant difference was observed between the control group and balance exercises group (P=0.003) and the control group and Cawthorne-Cooksey exercises group (P=0.001). Finally, it was revealed that female patients with MS presented better balance and mobility after performing the exercise sessions. Conclusion: The obtained data suggested that specialists could use the explored selected balance exercises and Cawthorne-Cooksey exercises to improve balance and mobility in patients with MS.
Early Childhood Character Planting Based Education Curriculum Management
Authors: Santoso Sigit
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this research is to describe the management of a character-based education curriculum in early childhood. The research uses a qualitative approach. The main source of this research data is the head of Raudhatul Athfal (RA), educator, and education officer, foundation administrator, and student guardian in RA Hidayatut Tauhid Losari Lor Village, Losari District Cirebon Regency West Java. Data collection is conducted with interviews, documentation, and observations. The results of the study decrypt that: RA Hidayatut Tauhid implemented the 2013 curriculum and the characteristic curriculum; the process of preparing the curriculum of RA Hidayatut Tauhid involves the head of Raudhatul Athfal, educators and education personnel, and the community; the content of the curriculum developed is to achieve a vision of instilling the personality of children who are intelligent, creative, independent and Islamic character that is organized according to the achievements contained in the formulation of vision. All aspects of the character development of students are considered through the implications of achieving the objectives of educational institutions, the management of educational institutions that facilitate learning with concepts, methods, and media following the content of the curriculum, and the integration of the design of learning activities.
The Influence of the Learning Environment in Student Character Building
Authors: Nurdin Ali
Published: December 2020

This research aims to get information, review and analyze about the influence of learning environment in the formation of student character, research is done using quantitative methods analyzed with descriptive and inference analysis, research is done on teachers in Junior High School (Junior High School) State in Jatisampurna, Bekasi City, West Java. From the results of the study found that there is a positive and significant influence between the family environment on the formation of student character, there is a positive and significant influence between the school environment on the formation of student character, and there is a positive and significant influence between the community environment (social) on the formation of student character. Thus, the improvement of the quality and character of students can be carried out by the implementation of a conducive and quality learning environment. Students who live, get along and interact in a good learning environment will also form good self-quality that will directly affect students in acting and have a good impact in the formation of the character of the student, thus resulting in students of character.
Número de casos de hanseníase no Brasil de 2010 a 2015
Authors: Monteiro Lis Mayra Dantas , Facco Lucas , Fecury Amanda Alves , Araújo Maria Helena Mendonça de , Oliveira Euzébio de , Dendasck Carla Viana , Souza Keulle Oliveira da , Dias Claudio Alberto Gellis de Mattos
Published: December 2020

A Hanseníase é considerada uma doença infectocontagiosa, causada pela bactéria Mycobacterium leprae conhecida também como Bacilo de Hansen. Além de ser uma doença com evolução gradativa, a hanseníase depende da relação entre o parasita e o hospedeiro. O objetivo deste trabalho foi mostrar o número de casos de Hanseníase no Brasil entre 2010 a 2015 no Brasil. A pesquisa foi realizada no DATASUS (http://datasus.saude.gov.br/). Com o avanço das políticas públicas o número de casos da doença do Brasil reduziu entre os anos de 2010 a 2015. Apresenta maior prevalência no sexo masculino e, a maior taxa de doentes encontra-se em maiores faixas etárias, ou seja, em adultos. O período de incubação da doença (que pode variar de 2 a 7 anos). Em vista disso, vários problemas podem ser deflagrados a nível individual, como acometimentos físicos debilitantes e psicológicos. Tendo em vista o intuito de diminuir o número de casos da doença no país e conseguir fazer o diagnóstico o mais precoce possível, devem ser analisados os achados clínicos e os exames disponíveis para essa detecção.
Afogamento em idosos na Paraíba-Brasil
Authors: Araújo Angela Amorim De , Vieira Arthur Tibério De Lacerda , Pedrosa Ivanilda Lacerda , Florêncio Márcia Virgínia Di Lorenzo , Silva Pablo Raphael Oliveira Honorato Da , Araújo Suely Amorim De
Published: December 2020

O afogamento é um problema global, e está inserido entre as principais causas de morte no mundo, e idosos fazem parte desta nova realidade como grupo especial que também sofrem acidentes de submersão. O objetivo do estudo foi de analisar óbitos por afogamento em idosos no estado da Paraíba de 2005 a 2015. Trata-se de estudo retrospectivo, descritivo, associado a análise espacial de regiões de maior incidência de afogamento em pessoas de 60 anos ou mais no estado da Paraíba. Os dados foram coletados a partir das fichas do IML (Gemol e Numol) de 2005 a 2015, totalizando 80 casos de afogamentos. Foram investigadas características sociodemográfica como faixa etária, sexo, a espacialidade e descrição local da ocorrência (rios, açudes, mar, cachoeira, cacimbas, represas e ambientes domésticos), prestador do atendimento, ficha do Instituto Médico Legal da Polícia Científica, código internacional de doenças – CID 10 (código W74), turno da ocorrência. Como resultados localizamos a região de Mari setor do agreste paraibano – Açude Olho D’agua (Latitude 7,11º S e Longitude 35,2º ), foi o local com maior número de afogamentos, onde açudes/lagos (55%), sexo masculino (91%), casados (46%), com idade entre 60 e 69 anos (60%), a população local fez o primeiro atendimento (41%), 14h foi de maior ocorrência (11%), e aos domingos (29%). Podemos concluir que o afogamento acontece em diversos cenários aquáticos, e neste estudo ocorreu em água doce, diversos fatores foram associados ao afogamento em idosos, como déficits de cognição, polifármacos e limitações físicas , tais desfechos podem ajudar a incentivar políticas de proteção para este grupo assim como orientar familiares em regiões de água doce e acentuar o cuidado.
Podcasting jako technologia audio. Perspektywy rozwoju
Authors: Stachyra Grażyna
Published: December 2020

Artykuł prezentuje zagadnienie podcastingu jako jednej z technologii przemysłu audio. Rozważania zmierzają do wskazania czynników wpływających na rozwój podcastingu, w tym narzędzi umożliwiających rozpowszechnianie podcastów i zwiększanie ich audytoriów. Przeprowadzone analizy dotyczą także przyczyn stosunkowo małej popularności podcastingu w Polsce, szczególnie w porównaniu do dużych rynków USA czy Kanady.
Experimental Analysis of Height to Base Length Effect in Trapezoidal Prism Inclined Solar Chimney
Authors: Belhadj Omar , Benzenine Hamidou , Saim Rachid
Published: December 2020

The use of a solar chimney for ventilation has a very significant environmental and economic impact. The aim of this work is to found the optimum ratio between height and base length in trapezoidal prism-shaped solar chimney. The idea is to give more flexibility to the architectural design in buildings and offer the possibility of combination with other passive or active systems. Trapezoidal shape of solar chimney can be interesting not by increasing the efficiency comparing with other shapes like the rectangular. It may be more aesthetically pleasing, easily to be installed and retrofitted on trapezoidal roofs even on existing buildings. For this reason, three differents ratios of height to base length (h/l = 1), (h/l = 1.5) and (h/l = 2) have been experimentally studied. Two correlations to predict solar chimney exit air velocity and efficiency were developed and tested; good agreement with experimental results is proved. Results show that the flow rate increase by increasing (h/l) in a logarithmic tendency. The optimum thermal efficiency is given where h/l = 1.65. An approach using RETScreen4 software was also carried out and showed that 1 m² solar chimney installed in favorable conditions can cover 37 m² of living space in term of ventilation. For a 120 m² house, solar chimney system saves the equivalent of 23.9 liters of gasoline per year.
Augmented reality to promote and visualize scientific knowledge in the RNPLS&T’s Open Archive
Authors: Vakhrushev M. V.
Published: December 2020

The author examines library services based on augmented reality technology. The concept of augmented reality comprises various instruments and approaches to their application. The author demonstrates the significance of and prospects for using modern augmented reality technologies to popularize and visualize scientific knowledge accumulated over many years in the library's open archive collections. The scope of practical applications of augmented reality interfaces in the areas of library services and knowledge management systems or Big Data is hard to overestimate. However, the depth of theoretical research in the area indicates the dynamic development and the scale of further research and development in the field of library services and knowledge management systems or Big Data. The author examines the augmented reality instruments as part of ALS IRBIS64+.
Open proceedings of scientific events as an object of information and library services
Authors: Antopolsky A. B.
Published: December 2020

The task of creating an open access repository for social sciences in the framework of the development of the information system of the Institute of Scientific Information for Social Sciences of the Russian Academy of Sciences (INION RAS) is formulated. The repository is to acquire and store he programs of workshops, webinars, conference and symposia as well as the presentations and paper abstracts. The findings of the study of open materials science events loaded to the websites of RAS scientific institutions of social and humanitarian profile as potential sources of information for the Repository are cited. For 2019–2020, over 1,2 thousand events held by more than 100 academic institutions were selected. Distribution by the number of events, their categories and status, topics, and type of available materials is given. The data supports the Pareto principle: 20% institutions hold up to 70% events. Thirteen scientific event types are specified, with 5 most popular of them accounting for 90% events with the leading disciplines of history, economics and literary studies. The available materials are unified and their 16 types are specified. Distribution by the number of events, their categories and status, topics, and type of available materials is given. The possibility for using these materials in various information and library services, building e-libraries and union bibliographic databases, and current and advanced selective information awareness services, is discussed.
Şırnak Yöresel Üzüm Çeşitlerinin Bazı Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: ÜNAL Mehmet Settar
Published: December 2020

Bu çalışma, 2018-2019 yılında Şırnak ili merkez ilçe, Uludere, Beytüşşebab, Güçlükonak, Silopi ve Cizre yöresi bağ alanlarında yetiştirilen yerli üzüm çeşitlerinin ve bunların kısa özelliklerinin tespit edilmesi amacı ile yürütülmüştür. Bu amaçla, uygulanan bağcılık tekniği ve üzüm çeşitleri hakkında yöre bağcılarından bilgi alınmış; hasattan hemen önce çeşitlerin bazı özellikleri belirlenmiş ve fotoğraflar çekilmiş; alınan salkım ve yaprak numuneleri bozulmayı önlemek için buzluk içerisinde laboratuvara getirilerek analizleri yapılmıştır. Projede; yetiştirilen çeşitlerin sinonimleri, şekil, renk, ağırlık, kabuk kalınlığı gibi tane özellikleri, salkım iriliği ve sıklığı, şırada kuru madde ve asit miktarı ile pH, Şıra randımanı, olgunluk zamanı, kullanım amacı ve yaygınlık durumu incelenmiştir. Söz konusu bu özelliklerin belirlenmesinde IBPGR, OIV ve UPOV tarafından yayınlanan 'Descriptors for Grape' adlı yayından da yararlanılmıştır. Söz konusu çeşitlerin genellikle eylül ayı içerisinde hasat edildiği ve sofralık olarak değerlendirildiği, ayrıca Kıtılnefis ve Kerküş çeşitlerinin yörede en fazla yetiştirildiği belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı; iklim yapısı olarak bağcılığa elverişli olan, ancak şu ana kadar önemli bir çalışma yapılamayan ilin mahalli üzüm çeşitlerini ve bazı özelliklerini tespit etmek suretiyle katma değeri yüksek olabilecek çeşitleri üretime kazandırmak ve yine her biri değerli birer gen kaynağı olan bu çeşitleri muhafaza altına alarak kayıp olmalarını önlemektir.
MARKETING INTELLIGENCE: BENEFITS AND IMPLEMENTATION OF ITS BUSINESS
Authors: Maria Siti , Pusriadi Tommy , Caisar Darma Dio
Published: December 2020

Marketing intelligence (MI) may still sound quite foreign to some people who have never heard this term. However, this term is certainly often heard by some people, especially those who are in the business world. The term MI is generally interpreted as knowledge obtained as a result of data analysis in a company. This paper presents the extent to which the benefits and strategic steps that companies get by implementing MI. In simplifying the presentation, the auhors use literature study techniques from various journals and other supporting information. This system is commonly used by companies to be able to get information about what the company wants to know, for example, in marketing performance or maybe, sales results or maybe the company wants to know various things about consumer behavior. So in this case, the company can apply this system to get an overview of certain matters relating to the products produced. With the presence of MI, business actors can take advantage of all information and technology that are interconnected, so that it becomes practical convenience in this digital era. Establishing technology requires facilities such as the internet so that it will change the work environment for marketers. Those who have adapted to MI, need to carry out further studies to determine consumer groups and association power so that the business continues to grow.
Keywords: MI, digital systems, business development, supporting information
The Utilization of Candle Media to Improve Breathing Engineering on Solfeggio Choir Universitas Negeri Medan
Authors: Tobing Octaviana , Silitonga Pita HD. , Fiska Gulo Ningsih Linda
Published: December 2020

This study aims to determine the use of wax media to improve breathing techniques at Solfeggio Choir, Universitas Negeri Medan. The purpose of this study is to describe how the use of wax media to improve breathing techniques at Solfeggio Choir Universitas Negeri Medan and to determine the obstacles faced by choir participants. Solfeggio, Universitas Negeri Medan. The theory used is the theory of utilization, vocal techniques, breathing, wax media, and choir. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative method. The sample in this study was the Solfeggio choir, Universitas Negeri Medan. The data were collected by means of observation, interviews, documentation and literature study. Based on the results of the research conducted, it can be seen that the use of wax media for vocal breathing techniques can accelerate the understanding of members in mastering vocal breathing techniques. The obstacles experienced by the choir participants were difficulty in controlling their breathing, different skill levels of the members when practicing breathing techniques using wax media, and discomfort when using wax for the first time.
Religion as one of the Leading Actors of Medieval Europe (A Critique of Rodney Stark)
Authors: Ertit Volkan
Published: December 2020

The Middle Age is described as the Golden Age of Faith in both intellectual discussions and casual conversations. In addition, normative terms due to people’s ideologies or political convictions are also used to define Europe in the Middle Ages. Renaissance scholars in particular used the term "Dark Ages" to describe the period before them. However, this notion began to be questioned towards the end of the 20th century. Some researchers, especially Rodney Stark, argued that in the Middle Ages, religion was not as dominant as suggested. However, this article claims that their Medieval narrative is a caricatured historical narrative and that their claims regarding the Middle Ages are far away from reflecting that period. For the study, a qualitative research approach was adopted and the data obtained through literature review with primary and secondary sources were subjected to a descriptive analysis. The article argues that, contrary to the claims of Stark and other scholars, The Church and religion shaped the daily life of the lay people, influenced important political decisions made by empires, and dominated the thoughts of medieval intelligentsia. For this reason, the article presents the effects of the church and religion on daily life, politics and intellectual culture in this order and emphasizes that Stark's claims do not reflect the Middle Ages.
Development and validation of a portfolio assessment system for medical schools in Korea
Authors: Yoo Dong Mi , Cho A Ra , Kim Sun
Published: December 2020

Purpose: Consistent evaluation procedures based on objective and rational standards are essential for the sustainability of portfolio-based education, which has been widely introduced in medical education. We aimed to develop and implement a portfolio assessment system, and to assess its validity and reliability.Methods: We developed a portfolio assessment system from March 2019 to August 2019 and confirmed its content validity through expert assessment by an expert group comprising 2 medical education specialists, 2 professors involved in education at medical school, and a professor of basic medical science. Six trained assessors conducted 2 rounds of evaluation of 7 randomly selected portfolios for the “Self-Development and Portfolio II” course from January 2020 to July 2020. These data are used inter-rater reliability was evaluated using intra-class correlation coefficients (ICCs) in September 2020.Results: The portfolio assessment system is based on the following process; assessor selection, training, analytical/comprehensive evaluation, and consensus. Appropriately trained assessors evaluated portfolios based on specific assessment criteria and a rubric for assigning points. In the analysis of inter-rater reliability, the first round of evaluation grades was submitted, and all assessment areas except “goal-setting” showed a high ICC of 0.81 or higher. After the first round of assessment, we attempted to standardize objective assessment procedures. As a result, all components of the assessments showed close correlations, with ICCs of 0.81 or higher.Conclusion: We confirmed that when assessors with an appropriate training conduct portfolio assessment based on specified standards through a systematic procedure, the results are reliable.
In Vitro Changes in Secretion Activity of Rat Ovarian Fragments Induced by Molybdenum
Authors: ROYCHOUDHURY S. , DETVANOVA L. , SIROTKIN A. V. , TOMAN R. , KOLESAROVA A.
Published: December 2020

The aim of this in vitro study was to examine the secretion activity (progesterone, 17β-estradiol and insulin-like growth factor-I) of rat ovarian fragments after molybdenum (Mo) addition. Rat ovarian fragments were incubated with ammonium molybdate (NH4)6Mo7O24.4H2O at the doses 90, 170, 330 and 500 µg.ml-1 for 24 h and compared with control group without Mo addition. Release of progesterone (P4), estradiol (17β-estradiol) and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) by ovarian fragments was assessed by radioimmunoassay (RIA). Data show that P4 release by ovarian fragments was not affected by (NH4)6.Mo7O24.4H2O addition at all the doses used (90-500 µg.ml-1). However, addition of ammonium molybdate was found to cause a significant (P<0.05) dose-dependent decrease (at the doses 90, 170 and 500 µg.ml-1) in release of 17β-estradiol by ovarian fragments in comparison to control. Also, addition of ammonium molybdate significantly (P<0.05) inhibited IGF-I release at all the doses (90-500 µg.ml-1) used in the study. Results suggest ammonium molybdate induced inhibition in the release of growth factor IGF-I and its dose-dependent effect on secretion of steroid hormone 17β-estradiol but not progesterone. These data contribute to new insights regarding the mechanism of action of Mo on rat ovarian functions.
Decision-Making for UK Police on the Transportation of Casualties with Life-Threatening Injuries
Authors: Mattock Nicolas
Published: December 2020

This paper examines the published evidence on police first aid training, the legal context of police first aid and ambulance dispatch, police decision making, provision of pre-hospital care in various models and the transportation of casualties to hospital other than by ambulance.  It aims to encourage those involved in police forces’ clinical governance to consider the matter locally and proposes a model that may assist with such consideration and the formulation of policies and procedures if they are deemed necessary.
Formation of the Main Types of Soils in the Western Part of Azerbaijan Depending on Soil and Ecological Conditions
Authors: Guliyeva N.
Published: December 2020

The presented article describes the climatic conditions of the Ganja-Gazakh zone, a brief description of the areas of formation of the main soil types, in particular mountain gray-brown, dark mountain gray-brown, gypsum clay mountain gray-brown, gray-brown, dark gray-brown, ordinary gray-brown, light gray-brown, meadow gray-brown soils.
Organizing Ecotourism and Providing SWOT-analysis in Nature Reserves in the Mountainous Shirvan Economic-Geographical Region
Authors: Aliyeva G.
Published: December 2020

The article presents materials on the effect of tourism on the nature of Mountain Shirvan. The development of ecotourism in this region will serve to develop the organization of excursions and increase the ecological culture of the local population. The results of SWOT analyzes on the territory of the Pirgulu and Ismailli Nature Reserves are considered. The purpose of the research is to organize the protection of mountain forests, biodiversity, aquatic ecosystems, soil cover.