bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A novel index for measuring the impact of devices on hypertension
Authors: Kingsmore D. B. , Edgar B. , Rostron M. , Delles C. , Brady A. J. B.
Published: August 2023

A key limitation in assessing the therapeutic impact of non-pharmacological approaches to treating hypertension is the method of reporting outcomes. Reducing the medications required to achieve the same blood pressure may be reported separately to a reduction in the blood pressure without change in medication, and thus lessen the reported beneficial impact of treatment. This study aims to derive a novel scoring system to gauge the therapeutic impact of non-drug treatment of hypertension by utilising a combination of excessive blood pressure and the number of anti-hypertensives into a combined score—the hypertensive index (HTi). The hypertensive index was empirically derived based on the systolic blood pressure and number of antihypertensive drugs, and applied retrospectively to a cohort undergoing intervention for renovascular hypertension. Subgroup and receiver operating characteristic analyses were used to compare the HTi to traditional methods of reporting outcomes. Following intervention (99 patients), 46% had improvement in both medication load and blood pressure, 29% had benefit in blood pressure without reduction in medication load, 15% had reduction in medication load without significant change in blood pressure and 9% showed no benefit in either parameter. The HTi was superior in detecting benefit from intervention compared with measuring blood pressure or medication load alone (AUC 0.94 vs 0.85;0.84). The hypertensive index may be a more sensitive marker of treatment effect than assessing blood pressure measurements alone. The use of such scoring systems in future trial design may allow more accurate reporting of the effects of interventions for hypertension.
Prognostic value of post-treatment serum soluble interleukin-2 receptor in newly diagnosed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patients who achieved complete metabolic response following R-CHOP therapy
Authors: Shirouchi Yuko , Nishimura Noriko , Mishima Yuko , Ishihara Yuko , Asai Hiroaki , Tamba Mikako , Hirano Mitsuhito , Hirano Kei , Teramoto Yukako , Yoshida Kikuaki , Takeuchi Kengo , Terauchi Takashi , Maruyama Dai
Published: August 2023

Patients with DLBCL achieving complete metabolic response (CMR) after initial treatment with R-CHOP generally have a favourable prognosis; however, there are no established prognostic biomarkers for relapse in these patients. Soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) levels at diagnosis are prognostic factors in patients with DLBCL. However, the significance of post-treatment sIL-2R levels is unclear. To determine the significance of post-treatment serum sIL-2R levels on subsequent relapse and survival, we retrospectively analysed 485 patients with newly diagnosed DLBCL who received R-CHOP treatment and achieved CMR. The cumulative incidence of relapse (CIR) was significantly higher in patients with elevated post-treatment sIL-2R levels than in those with normal sIL-2R levels (five-year CIR; 38.8% vs. 12.8%). The prognostic value remained significant in multivariable analysis (hazard ratio, 2.30; p < 0.001). Five-year progression-free survival (49.0% vs. 83.5%) and overall survival (61.7% vs. 91.6%) rates were lower in patients with elevated post-treatment sIL-2R levels than in those with normal sIL-2R levels (p < 0.001 for both). In patients with newly diagnosed DLBCL who achieved CMR after R-CHOP treatment, the post-treatment serum sIL-2R level was an independent prognostic marker of subsequent relapse and survival.
On Zagreb coindices and Mostar index of $$TiO_2$$ nanotubes
Authors: Imran Muhammad , Malik Mehar Ali , Aqib Muhammad , Aslam Gul I Hina , Ali Amjad
Published: August 2023

Topological indices are valuable tools in predicting properties of chemical compounds. This study focuses on degree-based topological indices, which have shown strong correlations with various physico-chemical properties such as boiling points and strain energy. Specifically, we applied these indices to titania nanotubes $$TiO_2$$

T
i

O
2

and explored the vertex and edge versions of the Mostar index. These findings provide insights into the properties of $$TiO_2$$

T
i

O
2

nanotubes and contribute to the development of topological indices for predicting the behavior of other chemical compounds.
Factors associated with father–infant bonding during the COVID-19 pandemic: an internet-based cross-sectional study in Japan
Authors: Nishimura Etsuko , Shoki Rina , Kato Mika , Yoneoka Daisuke , Okawa Sumiyo , Tabuchi Takahiro , Ota Erika
Published: August 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has forced lifestyles changes and affected the relationships between fathers and their infants. However, the factors associated with paternal–infant bonding have not been clarified. This study aimed to explore the factors associated with father–infant bonding during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan. This cross-sectional study used data from a nationwide survey and the Japanese version of the Mother-to-Infant Bonding Scale (MIBS) to measure father–infant bonding. The participants were divided into two groups depending on their partners’ parity. A linear regression model (Gauss–Markov-type) was used for both groups. A total of 1055 men were included in the analysis. Of these men, 521 (49.4%) had a primipara partner, and 534 (50.6%) had a multipara partner. No significant differences were found between the two groups’ MIBS-J scores. Fathers’ mental health, relationship with the partner and family members, abusive behavior towards children, wanted pregnancy, and the youngest child’s Neonatal Intensive Care Unit admission history were associated with father–infant bonding. Regarding factors related to COVID-19, caring for the child while the partner is at home has a negative impact on bonding, while fear related to infection with COVID-19 has no negative impact on bonding.
The effect of impaired velocity signals on goal-directed eye and hand movements
Authors: de la Malla Cristina , Goettker Alexander
Published: August 2023

Information about position and velocity is essential to predict where moving targets will be in the future, and to accurately move towards them. But how are the two signals combined over time to complete goal-directed movements? We show that when velocity information is impaired due to using second-order motion stimuli, saccades directed towards moving targets land at positions where targets were ~ 100 ms before saccade initiation, but hand movements are accurate. Importantly, the longer latencies of hand movements allow for additional time to process the sensory information available. When increasing the period of time one sees the moving target before making the saccade, saccades become accurate. In line with that, hand movements with short latencies show higher curvature, indicating corrections based on an update of incoming sensory information. These results suggest that movements are controlled by an independent and evolving combination of sensory information about the target’s position and velocity.
Cohort study to evaluate prognostic factors in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients introduced to oxygen therapy
Authors: Kataoka Kensuke , Oda Keishi , Takizawa Hajime , Ogura Takashi , Miyamoto Atsushi , Inoue Yoshikazu , Akagawa Shinobu , Hashimoto Seishu , Kishaba Tomoo , Sakamoto Koji , Hamada Naoki , Kuwano Kazuyoshi , Nakayama Masayuki , Ebina Masahito , Enomoto Noriyuki , Miyazaki Yasunari , Atsumi Kenichiro , Izumi Shinyu , Tanino Yoshinori , Ishii Hiroshi , Ohnishi Hiroshi , Suda Takafumi , Kondoh Yasuhiro
Published: August 2023

While high-level evidence is lacking, numerous retrospective studies have depicted the value of supplemental oxygen in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and other interstitial lung diseases, and its use should be encouraged where necessary. The clinical course and survival of patients with IPF who have been introduced to oxygen therapy is still not fully understood. The objective of this study was to clarify overall survival, factors associated with prognosis, and causes of death in IPF patients after the start of oxygen therapy. This is a prospective cohort multicenter study, enrolling patients with IPF who started oxygen therapy at 19 hospitals with expertise in interstitial lung disease. Baseline clinical data at the start of oxygen therapy and 3-year follow-up data including death and cause of death were assessed. Factors associated with prognosis were analyzed using univariable and multivariable analyses. One hundred forty-seven eligible patients, of whom 86 (59%) were prescribed ambulatory oxygen therapy and 61 (41%) were prescribed long-term oxygen therapy, were recruited. Of them, 111 died (76%) during a median follow-up of 479 days. The median survival from the start of oxygen therapy was 537 ± 74 days. In the univariable analysis, low body mass index (BMI), low forced vital capacity (FVC), low diffusion capacity (DLCO), resting hypoxemia, short 6 min-walk distance, and high COPD assessment test (CAT) score were significantly associated with poor prognosis. Multivariable analysis revealed low BMI, low FVC, low DLCO, low minimum SpO2 on 6MWT, and high CAT score were independent factors for poor prognosis. The overall survival of IPF patients after starting oxygen therapy is about 1.5 years. In addition to pulmonary function tests, 6MWT and patient reported outcomes can be used to predict prognosis more accurately.

Clinical Trial Registration: UMIN000009322.
Microbial experience through housing in a farmyard-type environment alters intestinal barrier properties in mouse colons
Authors: Arnesen Henriette , Markussen Turhan , Birchenough George , Birkeland Signe , Nyström Elisabeth E. L. , Hansson Gunnar C. , Carlsen Harald , Boysen Preben
Published: August 2023

To close the gap between ultra-hygienic research mouse models and the much more environmentally exposed conditions of humans, we have established a system where laboratory mice are raised under a full set of environmental factors present in a naturalistic, farmyard-type habitat—a process we have called feralization. In previous studies we have shown that feralized (Fer) mice were protected against colorectal cancer when compared to conventionally reared laboratory mice (Lab). However, the protective mechanisms remain to be elucidated. Disruption of the protective intestinal barrier is an acknowledged player in colorectal carcinogenesis, and in the current study we assessed colonic mucosal barrier properties in healthy, feralized C57BL/6JRj male mice. While we found no effect of feralization on mucus layer properties, higher expression of genes encoding the mucus components Fcgbp and Clca1 still suggested mucus enforcement due to feralization. Genes encoding other proteins known to be involved in bacterial defense (Itln1, Ang1, Retnlb) and inflammatory mechanisms (Zbp1, Gsdmc2) were also higher expressed in feralized mice, further suggesting that the Fer mice have an altered intestinal mucosal barrier. These findings demonstrate that microbial experience conferred by housing in a farmyard-type environment alters the intestinal barrier properties in mice possibly leading to a more robust protection against disease. Future studies to unravel regulatory roles of feralization on intestinal barrier should aim to conduct proteomic analyses and in vivo performance of the feralized mice intestinal barrier.
Investigating an abnormal hump phenomenon in top gate a-InGaZnO thin-film transistors due to mobile sodium diffusion
Authors: Park So Hee , Kim Min Young , Kim Hyeong Wook , Oh Changyong , Lee Hyeong Keun , Kim Bo Sung
Published: August 2023

Top gate a-InGaZnO (IGZO) thin-film transistors (TFTs) annealed at high temperature show excellent initial current–voltage (I–V) characteristics. However, when they are exposed to positive gate bias for a long time, hump can occur in the subthreshold region. This abnormal hump is accelerated at a higher positive gate voltage and mitigate by a negative gate voltage. While the strength of the hump is irrelevant to a change in channel width, it relies significantly on channel length. This phenomenon might be due to mobile Na ions diffused from a glass substrate migrating toward the back and edge side of the IGZO semiconductor by a vertical gate electric field. When a layer of Al2O3 is formed between the IGZO semiconductor and the glass substrate, the hump phenomenon could be successfully solved by serving as a barrier for Na ions moving into the IGZO.
Evaluating fine changes in visual function of diabetic eyes using spatial-sweep steady-state pattern electroretinography
Authors: Nagai Norihiro , Mushiga Yasuaki , Ozawa Yoko
Published: August 2023

The visual function of diabetic eyes was assessed to evaluate spatial-sweep steady-state pattern electroretinography (swpPERG) as a potential high-sensitivity analysis method. Data from 24 control eyes, 28 diabetic eyes without diabetic retinopathy (DR), and 30 diabetic eyes with DR (all with best-corrected visual acuity [BCVA] better than logMAR 0.05; median age, 51) in response to spatial-patterned and contrast-reversed stimuli of sizes 1 (thickest) to 6 were converted into the frequency domain using a Fourier transform and expressed as signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs). SNRs of diabetic eyes, both with and without DR, were lower than those of controls (P < 0.05), and those of DR eyes were lower than those of diabetic eyes without DR (P < 0.05). The SNRs were correlated with ganglion cell layer volume measured using optical coherence tomography (OCT) and foveal vascular length density at the superficial retinal layer measured using OCT angiography (P < 0.05 or < 0.01, according to stimulus size). Therefore, swpPERG SNRs could detect fine reductions in visual function in diabetic eyes and were particularly low in DR eyes. Moreover, SNRs were correlated with inner retinal morphological changes in diabetic eyes, both with and without DR. swpPERG may therefore be useful for detecting fine fluctuations in visual function in diabetic eyes.
The dynamics of unstable waves in sea ice
Authors: Alberello Alberto , Părău Emilian , Chabchoub Amin
Published: August 2023

Wave and sea ice properties in the Arctic and Southern Oceans are linked by feedback mechanisms, therefore the understanding of wave propagation in these regions is essential to model this key component of the Earth climate system. The most striking effect of sea ice is the attenuation of waves at a rate proportional to their frequency. The nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLS), a fundamental model for ocean waves, describes the full growth-decay cycles of unstable modes, also known as modulational instability (MI). Here, a dissipative NLS (d-NLS) with characteristic sea ice attenuation is used to model the evolution of unstable waves. The MI in sea ice is preserved, however, in its phase-shifted form. The frequency-dependent dissipation breaks the symmetry between the dominant left and right sideband. We anticipate that this work may motivate analogous studies and experiments in wave systems subject to frequency-dependent energy attenuation.
The contribution of maternal oral, vaginal, and gut microbiota to the developing offspring gut
Authors: Russell Amber L. , McAdams Zachary L. , Donovan Erin , Seilhamer Nicole , Siegrist Melissa , Franklin Craig L. , Ericsson Aaron C.
Published: August 2023

There is limited understanding of how the microbiota colonizing various maternal tissues contribute to the development of the neonatal gut microbiota (GM). To determine the contribution of various maternal microbiotic sites to the offspring microbiota in the upper and lower gastrointestinal tract (GIT) during early life, litters of mice were sacrificed at 7, 9, 10, 11, 12, 14, and 21 days of age, and fecal and ileal samples were collected. Dams were euthanized alongside their pups, and oral, vaginal, ileal, and fecal samples were collected. This was done in parallel using mice with either a low-richness or high-richness microbiota to assess the consistency of findings across multiple microbial compositions. Samples were analyzed using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. The compositional similarity between pup and dam samples were used to determine the contribution of each maternal source to the composition of the neonate fecal and ileal samples at each timepoint. As expected, similarity between neonate and maternal feces increased significantly over time. During earlier time-points however, the offspring fecal and ileal microbiotas were closer in composition to the maternal oral microbiota than other maternal sites. Prominent taxa contributed by the maternal oral microbiota to the neonate GM were supplier-dependent and included Lactobacillus spp., Streptococcus spp., and a member of the Pasteurellaceae family. These findings align with the microbial taxa reported in infant microbiotas, highlighting the translatability of mouse models in this regard, as well as the dynamic nature of the GM during early life.
Evaluation of the efficacy of transient overvoltages suppression measures in different wind farm topologies using SF6 circuit breaker
Authors: Eliyan Tamer , Wadie Fady
Published: August 2023

Various overvoltage mitigation schemes were used in literature in suppression of switching overvoltages in wind farms. However, the evaluation of how the effectiveness of these mitigation techniques would vary with the change of the wind farm topology is still un-explored territory. The main aim of this paper is to study the effectiveness of four mitigation schemes while using SF6 circuit breaker namely; R–L smart choke, R–C snubber circuit, surge capacitor and pre-insertion resistor (PIR) were studied in four different wind farm topologies; radial, single-sided ring, double-sided ring and star topologies. The topologies were based on a real wind farm located in Zaafrana, Egypt. The results showed that R–L choke to be the most effective scheme for all topologies followed by PIR, R–C snubber and surge capacitor schemes respectively. Their percentage of reduction of overvoltage ranged from 62 to 84% for R–L choke, 33–67% for PIR, 8–25% for R–C snubber circuits and 4–15% for surge capacitors. Also, it was shown that the change of the wind farm topology didn’t affect the order of effectiveness of the mitigation schemes such that R–L remained the most effective and surge capacitor the least effective for all topologies.
Novel slag/natural rubber composite as flexible material for protecting workers against radiation hazards
Authors: El-Khatib Ahmed M. , Doma A. S. , Abbas Mahmoud I. , Kashyout Abd El-Hady B. , Zaki Mohamed M. , Saleh Moamen , Alabsy Mahmoud T.
Published: August 2023

This work is an attempt to employ the electric arc furnace (EAF) slag as a by-product material to develop an alternative and environmentally friendly material for gamma-radiation protection applications such as in medical and industrial areas. For this purpose, different concentrations of micro-sized EAF slag (0, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 500, and 800 phr) were incorporated as fillers in the natural rubber (NR) matrix to produce the shielding composites. In addition, nano-sized EAF slag particles were prepared by using a high-energy ball milling technique to investigate the effect of particle size on the gamma-radiation shielding properties. The synthesized micro and nano EAF/NR composites were tested as protective materials against gamma-radiation by employing NaI(Tl) scintillation detector and standard radioactive point sources (152Eu, 137Cs, 133Ba, and 60Co). Different shielding parameters such as linear and mass attenuation coefficient, half value layer (HVL), tenth value layer, mean free path, effective atomic number (Zeff), and effective electron density (Neff) were determined to assess the radiation shielding capability of the EAF/NR composites. Furthermore, equivalent atomic number (Zeq) and the exposure buildup factor values for photon energy in the range from 0.015 to 15 MeV were also computed by Geometric Progression method. The experimental results of micro EAF/NR composites showed that at 121.78 keV, EAF0 composite (without EAF slag content) had the lowest μ value of 0.1695 cm−1, while the EAF800 composite (which was loaded with 800 phr of micro EAF slag) had the highest μ value of 0.2939 cm−1 at the same energy, which in turn decreases the HVL from 4.09 to 2.36 cm, respectively. Therefore, increasing the filler weight fractions of EAF slag in the NR matrix, increases the shielding properties of the composites. Moreover, the NR composite reinforced with 800 phr of nano EAF slag has better gamma-radiation shielding efficiency compared to that filled with 800 phr of micro EAF slag. The success of this work was to prepare a flexible, lightweight, low-cost, and lead-free material with better shielding capability.
Investigation of ortho-positronium annihilation for porous materials with different geometries and topologies
Authors: Trung Nguyen Thanh , Duong Nguyen Thuy , Hien Nguyen Quoc , Tap Tran Duy , Thanh Nguyen Duc
Published: August 2023

In this work, we present the results of the ortho-positronium (o-Ps) annihilation lifetimes and nitrogen adsorption measurements for different porous materials and an approach for describing the annihilation of o-Ps in a pore, which results in a surface-volume formula (SVF) for calculating the pore-related o-Ps lifetime. This proposed formula gives the relationship between the o-Ps annihilation rate and the effective pore radius, bulk composition, and pore structure, including pore geometry and topology. The pore-related o-Ps lifetimes of different materials calculated by the SVF are consistent with experimental results for both micro- and mesopores (and macropores) with different geometries and topologies. The SVF is convenient for calculations of pore dimensions for many cases of metal organic frameworks and zeolites. This approach enables us to fully explain the temperature dependence of the o-Ps annihilation lifetime over a wide temperature range, 20–700 K.
Discovery and multimerization of cross-reactive single-domain antibodies against SARS-like viruses to enhance potency and address emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants
Authors: Hollingsworth Scott A. , Noland Cameron L. , Vroom Karin , Saha Anasuya , Sam Miranda , Gao Qinshan , Zhou Haihong , Grandy David U. , Singh Sujata , Wen Zhiyun , Warren Christopher , Ma Xiaohong Shirley , Malashock Daniel , Galli Jennifer , Go Gwenny , Eddins Michael , Mayhood Todd , Sathiyamoorthy Karthik , Fridman Arthur , Raoufi Fahimeh , Gomez-Llorente Yacob , Patridge Andrea , Tang Yinyan , Chen Shi-Juan , Bailly Marc , Ji Chengjie , Kingsley Laura J. , Cheng Alan C. , Geierstanger Bernhard H. , Gorman Daniel M. , Zhang Lan , Pande Kalyan
Published: August 2023

Coronaviruses have been the causative agent of three epidemics and pandemics in the past two decades, including the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. A broadly-neutralizing coronavirus therapeutic is desirable not only to prevent and treat COVID-19, but also to provide protection for high-risk populations against future emergent coronaviruses. As all coronaviruses use spike proteins on the viral surface to enter the host cells, and these spike proteins share sequence and structural homology, we set out to discover cross-reactive biologic agents targeting the spike protein to block viral entry. Through llama immunization campaigns, we have identified single domain antibodies (VHHs) that are cross-reactive against multiple emergent coronaviruses (SARS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2, and MERS). Importantly, a number of these antibodies show sub-nanomolar potency towards all SARS-like viruses including emergent CoV-2 variants. We identified nine distinct epitopes on the spike protein targeted by these VHHs. Further, by engineering VHHs targeting distinct, conserved epitopes into multi-valent formats, we significantly enhanced their neutralization potencies compared to the corresponding VHH cocktails. We believe this approach is ideally suited to address both emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants during the current pandemic as well as potential future pandemics caused by SARS-like coronaviruses.
Sex-differential association of suicide attempts with thyroid dysfunction in first-episode and drug-naïve young major depressive disorder patients with comorbid anxiety
Authors: Ye Gang , Yuan Ying , Li Zhe , Yue Yan , Wu Yuxuan , Yang Ruchang , Wang Haitao , Wu Siqi , Zhou Yue , Zhao Xueli , Lv Xiaoli , Yuan Nian , Li Ronghua , Zhang Guangya , Du Xiangdong , Zhang Xiangyang
Published: August 2023

This study aimed to explore sex differences in the relationship between thyroid function indicators and suicide attempts in first-episode and drug-naïve young major depressive disorder (MDD) patients with comorbid anxiety (MDA). A total of 917 MDD patients (aged 18–35 years) were recruited. The Hamilton depression rating scale (HAMD-17), Hamilton anxiety rating scale (HAMA), positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) positive subscale and clinical global impression of severity scale (CGI-S) were used. 467 patients were classified as MDA. The prevalence of suicide attempts was 31.3% in MDA patients, which was significantly higher than that (7.3%) in MDD patients without anxiety. Compared with MDA patients without suicide attempts, MDA patients with suicide attempts were older, had a later age of onset, higher HAMD-17, HAMA, and PANSS positive symptom subscale scores, as well as higher TSH, TgAb and TPOAb levels. For male patients, TSH and TPOAb levels were independently associated with suicide attempts. For female patients, HAMA, PANSS positive symptom scores, CGI-S score and TPOAb levels were independently associated with suicide attempts. Our results suggest that the indicators of thyroid function which can predict suicide attempts in male and female MDA patients have sex differences.
Machine learning approach for predicting electrical features of Schottky structures with graphene and ZnTiO3 nanostructures doped in PVP interfacial layer
Authors: Barkhordari Ali , Mashayekhi Hamid Reza , Amiri Pari , Özçelik Süleyman , Altındal Şemsettin , Azizian-Kalandaragh Yashar
Published: August 2023

In this research, for some different Schottky type structures with and without a nanocomposite interfacial layer, the current–voltage (I–V) characteristics have been investigated by using different Machine Learning (ML) algorithms to predict and analyze the structures’ principal electric parameters such as leakage current (I0), barrier height ($${\varphi }_{B0}$$

φ

B
0

), ideality factor (n), series resistance (Rs), shunt resistance (Rsh), rectifying ratio (RR), and interface states density (Nss). The interfacial nanocomposite layer is made by composing polyvinyl-pyrrolidone (PVP), zinc titanate (ZnTiO3), and graphene (Gr) nanostructures. The Gaussian Process Regression (GPR), Kernel Ridge Regression (KRR), Support Vector Regression (SVR), and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) are used as ML algorithms. The ML techniques training data are obtained using the thermionic emission method. Finally, by comparing the experimental and predicted results, the performance of the different ML algorithms in predicting the electrical parameters of Schottky diodes (SDs) has been compared to find the optimized ML algorithm. The ML predictions of basic electrical parameters by almost all algorithms are in good agreement with the actual values, while the SVR model has predicted closer values to the corresponding actual ones. The obtained results show that the quantity of the leakage current and Nss for MS type SD decreases, and φB0 increases with the interfacial layer usage, especially with graphene dopant.
Associations between youth’s daily social media use and well-being are mediated by upward comparisons
Authors: Irmer Andrea , Schmiedek Florian
Published: August 2023

Studies examining the associations between social media use and subjective well-being have revealed inconsistent results and mainly refer to the between-person level. We conducted a 14-day diary study among 200 youths ages 10 to 14 to examine within- and between-person associations of social media use (Instagram, TikTok, and YouTube), subjective well-being (positive/negative self-worth, positive/negative affect), and upward social comparisons (general impression of others being better off). Multilevel structural equation models showed that social media use was linked to lower positive and higher negative self-worth on a daily basis, and that upward social comparisons were linked to diminished subjective well-being on all dimensions. Furthermore, our findings were consistent with (partial) mediation of the effect of social media use on subjective well-being by upward social comparisons on the between- and within-person levels. Youths’ feelings that others are better off than themselves may help explain part of the heterogeneity of previous findings.
Bis(neopentylglycolato)diboron (B2nep2) as a bidentate ligand and a reducing agent for early transition metal chlorides giving MCl4(B2nep2) complexes
Authors: Hosoya Hiromu , Akiyama Takuya , Mashima Kazushi , Tsurugi Hayato
Published: August 2023

We found that bis(neopentylglycolato)diboron (B2nep2) served as a bidentate ligand and a one-electron reducing agent for early transition metal chlorides to afford MCl4(B2nep2).
Highly-reversible and recyclable zinc metal batteries achieved by inorganic/organic hybrid separators with finely tunable hydrophilic–hydrophobic balance
Authors: Yao Lingbo , Wang Gege , Zhang Feifan , Chi Xiaowei , Liu Yu
Published: August 2023

A recyclable P/FS-Z inorganic/organic hybrid separator with a unique regulation capability of hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity is designed for the first time for aqueous zinc metal batteries.
Germinated chickpea protein ficin hydrolysate and its peptides inhibited glucose uptake and affected the bitter receptor signaling pathway in vitro
Authors: Chandrasekaran Subhiksha , Gonzalez de Mejia Elvira
Published: August 2023

Dose-dependent inhibition of glucose uptake and inhibition of the bitter receptor signaling pathway were observed in Caco-2 cells when treated with GCPH. GCPH has the potential to enhance physicochemical properties and bioactive properties of foods.
Surface and optical properties of phase-pure silver iodobismuthate nanocrystals
Authors: Matuhina Anastasia , Grandhi G. Krishnamurthy , Bergonzoni Ashanti , Pedesseau Laurent , Grisorio Roberto , Annurakshita Shambhavee , Ali-Löytty Harri , Varghese Riya , Lahtonen Kimmo , Volonakis George , Pecunia Vincenzo , Bautista Godofredo , Even Jacky , Vivo Paola
Published: August 2023

Phase-pure and highly crystalline AgBiI4 NCs are synthesized by hot-injection synthesis route. The iodine-rich surface of the NCs enable their impressive long-term environmental and thermal stabilities. This study shines light on the surface-electronic structure relationship for AgBiI4 NCs.
Efficient dye removal from industrial wastewater using sustainable activated carbon and its polyamide nanocomposite derived from agricultural and industrial wastes in column systems
Authors: Zayed Ahmed M. , Metwally Bahaa S. , Masoud Mostafa A. , Mubarak Mahmoud F. , Shendy Hussain , Abdelsatar Mahmoud M. , Petrounias Petros , Ragab Ahmed H. , Hassan Abeer A. , Abdel Wahed Mahmoud S. M.
Published: August 2023

The fabrication process of AC from SBC (a) and AC/PA composite from AC and PA (b). The treatment process of the IDW using both AC and the AC/PA composite (c).
Synthesis of amantadine clubbed N-aryl amino thiazoles as potent urease, α-amylase & α-glucosidase inhibitors, kinetic and molecular docking studies
Authors: Zahra Fatima Tuz , Saeed Aamer , Ahmed Atteeque , Ismail Hammad , Ijaz Muhammad Umar , Albericio Fernando
Published: August 2023

A series of ten novel compounds were synthesized by incorporating a 1,3 thiazole core into amantadine and their structures were validated using different analytical and spectral methods such as FTIR, EI-MS, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR.
A functional unit combination strategy for enhancing red room-temperature phosphorescence
Authors: Zhao Shuaiqiang , Yang Zhiqiang , Zhang Xiangyu , Liu Haichao , Lv Yingbo , Wang Shiyin , Yang Zhongzhao , Zhang Shi-Tong , Yang Bing
Published: August 2023

A functional unit combination strategy was proposed to achieve red room-temperature phosphorescence, in which the folded unit enhances spin–orbit coupling, while the benzo[c][2,1,3]thiadiazole unit dominates emission color.
Dopant-induced changes of local structures for adjusting the hydration ability of proton-conducting lanthanum scandates
Authors: Belyakov Semyon A. , Lesnichyova Alyona S. , Plekhanov Maksim S. , Prinz Nils , Zobel Mirijam , Vokhmintsev Alexander S. , Weinstein Ilya A.
Published: August 2023

Dopant-induced local distortions in the crystal structure and the electronic structure influence the hydration of proton-conducting LaScO3-based perovskites.
Photoluminescence spectroscopy of dibenzopentacene single-crystals: multiple emissive states across temperature, time, and magnetic field in a pursuit of exothermic singlet fission
Authors: Rosenkranz Marco , Graf Lukas , Büchner Bernd , Knupfer Martin , Popov Alexey A.
Published: August 2023

A photoluminescence study of dibenzopentacene single crystals at different temperatures, magnetic fields, and time scales shows complex evolution of excitation and the presence of singlet fission.
Molecular properties controlling chirality transfer to halide perovskite: computational insights
Authors: Forde Aaron , Evans Amanda C. , Nie Wanyi , Tretiak Sergei , Neukirch Amanda J.
Published: August 2023

Computationally investigate chirality transfer effect from chiral ligands bound to the surface of a lead-halide perovskite nanomaterial. By changing the molecular polarity of the chiral molecules, the chirality of the system can be tuned.
Thickness-dependent magnetotransport properties of rocksalt NdO epitaxial thin films: observation of a ferromagnetic phase far above the Curie temperature
Authors: Saito Daichi , Oka Daichi , Kaminaga Kenichi , Kitamura Miho , Shiga Daisuke , Kumigashira Hiroshi , Fukumura Tomoteru
Published: August 2023

A weak ferromagnetic phase was observed far above theTCin NdO thin film.
A Na2MoO2F4:Mn4+ phosphor with red luminescence peaking at 625 nm and a ZPL/v6 intensity ratio of 243%
Authors: Qu Qiao , Chen Konglan , Zhou Yayun , Li Jinsheng , Ji Haipeng
Published: August 2023

A red-luminescent Na2MoO2F4:Mn4+ phosphor, which consists of cis-[MoO2F4] for Mn4+ incorporation exhibits an ultra-intense ZPL emission with a ZPL to Stokes ν6 intensity ratio of 243%.
Renal ischemia alters the transcriptomic and epigenetic profile of inflammatory genes in swine scattered tubular-like cells
Authors: Kazeminia Sara , Zhu Xiang Y. , Tang Hui , Jordan Kyra L. , Saadiq Ishran M. , Herrmann Sandra M. , Chade Alejandro R. , Irazabal Maria V. , Lerman Lilach O. , Eirin Alfonso
Published: August 2023

Background: Scattered tubular-like cells (STCs) are differentiated renal tubular cells that during recovery from ischemic injury dedifferentiate to repair other injured renal cells. Renal artery stenosis (RAS), often associated with chronic inflammatory injury, compromises the integrity and function of STCs, but the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. We hypothesized that RAS alters the transcriptomic and epigenetic profile of inflammatory genes in swine STCs. Methods: STCs were harvested from pig kidneys after 10 weeks of RAS or sham (n=6 each). STC mRNA profiles of inflammatory genes were analyzed using high-throughput mRNA-sequencing (seq) and their DNA methylation (5mC) and hydroxymethylation (5hmC) profiles by DNA immunoprecipitation and next-generation sequencing (MeDIP-seq) (n=3 each), followed by an integrated (mRNA-seq/MeDIP-seq) analysis. STC protein expression of candidate differentially expressed (DE) genes and common proinflammatory proteins were subsequently assessed in vitro before and after epigenetic (Bobcat339) modulation. Results: mRNA-seq identified 57 inflammatory genes up-regulated in RAS-STCs versus Normal-STCs (>1.4 or <0.7-fold, P<0.05), of which 14% exhibited lower 5mC and 5% higher 5hmC levels in RAS-STCs versus Normal-STCs, respectively. Inflammatory gene and protein expression was higher in RAS-STCs compared with Normal-STCs but normalized after epigenetic modulation. Conclusions: These observations highlight a novel modulatory mechanism of this renal endogenous repair system and support development of epigenetic or anti-inflammatory therapies to preserve the reparative capacity of STCs in individuals with RAS.
Energy recovery device for mining and lifting machines
Authors: Barbashov Nikolay , Polyantseva Anastasia , Smirnov Vladislav
Published: August 2023

The article discusses methods of increasing the efficiency of lifting and mining machines. The methods of implementing the principles of braking energy recovery are considered. The advantages and features of the operation of flywheel batteries are substantiated. Examples of devices and well-known patents in this field are given. The application of the author's patent is proposed, which allows to increase the efficiency of lifting machines and reduce their energy consumption. The description of the patent and the justification of its effectiveness are given. Conclusions about the possibility of introducing a patented device into the equipment of lifting and mining machines are drawn.
Methods for assessing hydrological and geoecological risks based on modelling
Authors: Niyazov Jafar , Kalashnikova Olga , Pochechun Viktoria , Semyachkov Aleksandr
Published: August 2023

This study is intended for decision-makers in the field of water resources use (irrigation and hydropower) and for emergency prevention authorities. Another problem remains intensive technogenic pollution of the environment, including water bodies, and one of the main tasks in the conditions of technogenesis is the development of predictive models for the migration of polluting chemical elements and substances in the environment. To calculate the runoff of the river the HBV3-ETH9 hydrological model and the CMIP5 RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 climate projections were used, according to which the air temperature is expected to increase by 2.3 and 4.3 °C, respectively, in annual precipitation - by 10% of the norm. In the period 2023-2080, a gradual increase in annual runoff is expected by 9-23%, and according to the extreme scenario, by 9-36% of the norm, which is associated with intensive glacier water loss, seasonal snowmelt and rainfall. In the future, the passage of two flood peaks (in June and July) is possible. The increase in water content in April and May will contribute to increased mudflow and flood activity.
Study of the neutralization process of organoaluminum compounds
Authors: Salin Alexey , Ponikarov Artem , Ponikarov Sergey
Published: August 2023

Methods for cleaning and neutralizing liquid production wastes are largely determined by the specifics of the enterprise and the physicochemical properties of the circulating substances. Wastes from organic synthesis enterprises containing benzene, toluene, xylene and similar substances are as a rule subjected to mechanical and physico-chemical methods of purification. Wastewater containing difficult-to-oxidize impurities undergoes a multi-stage biological treatment, which can sufficiently oxidize the alcohols and carboxylic acids contained in the wastewater. In some cases, after complete biological treatment, to reduce color and destroy difficult-to-oxidize components, methods of deeper purification are used: coagulation, filtration, ion exchange, ozonation, etc. However, the presence of aromatic hydrocarbons in liquid waste reduces the effectiveness of biological methods and leads to the need for additional use of mechanical, chemical and physicochemical methods (sorption, distillation, ion exchange) or their combinations for complex purification and utilization.
On the problem of calculating steady state modes of electric power systems under conditions of interval data uncertainty
Authors: Ibragimov Alimzhan , Mamurov Talatjon , Fozilov Orifjon
Published: August 2023

Currently, there are several approaches for dealing with uncertain (inaccurate) data. The main ones are methods of probabilistic analysis, fuzzy set theory and interval analysis. In this paper, we consider the problem of calculating the parameters of steady-state modes of electric power systems with interval uncertainty of the initial data. The main reasons and the relevance of the use of interval methods for calculating the parameters of steady-state modes of networks of electrical systems are described. First, an interval calculation model is formulated, and then some interval iterative methods for solving nonlinear nodal equations of electrical networks are studied. Algorithms for the interval methods of Gauss-Seidel and Newton-Raphson are proposed for solving nonlinear nodal equations of steady state electrical networks. To demonstrate the level of efficiency of the developed algorithms, several test calculations were carried out with interval parameters formed through the middle and radius of the interval. The results of numerical calculations using these methods show that the Newton-Raphson method is superior to the Gauss-Seidel method in terms of the number of iterations and optimality (with a smaller width) of interval solutions.
The effect of overheating of aluminum melts on the mechanical properties of castings
Authors: Muradov Rustam , Akhmetjanov Mansur , Juraeva Malokhat , Soliev Makhammadjon , Mamajanov Shavkatjon
Published: August 2023

The article investigates the effect of overheating of aluminum melts on the mechanical properties of castings. The authors use the data of chemical analysis and study the microstructure of castings. The rationale for the relevance of the topic is based on a review of modern scientific and technical developments, as well as a review of scientific periodicals in the field of metallurgical processes over the past five decades. It is noted that at present a large amount of experimental data has been accumulated, which indicates that metal melts are complex dynamic systems. A significant effect of the structural state of the initial melt on the formation of the structure and properties of ingots obtained from this melt has been established. In this work, the effect of heat treatment of the melt was studied on a high-strength cast aluminum-magnesium alloy with a wide crystallization range (433 K). In order to obtain dense castings, pouring was carried out in a bottomless mold with a slotted gating-feeding system, installed on the surface of a copper water-cooled box. This provided directional solidification of the alloy. Experimental results are presented, chemical analysis data are processed, and the microstructure of castings is studied.
Control of reactor temperature and pressure using cascade control during polyvinyl chloride production
Authors: Kadirov Yorkin , Boeva Okila , Eshqobilov Ramazon , Toshmurodova Sitora , Abdullaeva Dildora
Published: August 2023

Improvement and modernization of the technological process of polyvinyl chloride production requires the appropriate development of computer modelling systems, which ensure the following: identification and maintenance of optimal modes of technological processes that contribute to continuous operation, as well as the use of intelligent systems of modelling and control of technological devices. The article proposes pressure-dependent control of the temperature in the reactor, which affects the quality indicators of the technological process, using the cascade control method during the production of polyvinyl chloride. In this work an imitation model of the technological process was developed.
Automated rectification of pulse response characteristics in radio engineering two-stage amplifiers
Authors: Ataullaev Azizjon O. , Ataullaev Odil X. , Ergashev Farkhod A.
Published: August 2023

The paper considers the practical application of the theory of optimal design of circuit devices with feedback and desired characteristics on the example of two-line amplifiers of radio under the scheme with the common amplifier. Since the order of the differential equations describing the dynamics of the test device depends on the number of amplification stages it is shown that the problem is solved in the same way and for amplifiers with a large number of stages. It is proven that the technical realization of the synthesized control law is quite simple.
Construction of continuous and discrete non-linear prognostic models of the control system for the process of grinding ore materials
Authors: Mukhitdinov Djalolitdin , Boybutayev Sanjar , Goziev Olmosjon , Qudratov Javohir
Published: August 2023

The article analyzes the developed non-linear predictive model of the control system in continuous time of the state space, including states, control and controlled values. The transformation of the continuous form of a function into a discrete one is carried out according to the trapezoid rule. Based on the discrete model, the optimality criterion for the objective function is formulated. The efficiency of the grinding process is considered based on the weight components of the model, since it entirely depends on the accuracy of estimating the particle size of the product and the performance of the plant. To control the volume of water in the sump, a dynamic inversion controller is provided, which makes it possible to reduce control problems to a solution in a closed form and guarantee asymptotic stability of the error dynamics.
Juristische Aspekte der pflegerischen OP-Dokumentation
Authors: Großer Andreas
Published: August 2023

Werden Pflegekräfte gefragt, was sie über die Dokumentation denken, antworten sie oft „Das ist ein notwendiges Übel!“ oder „Dafür habe ich kaum Zeit!“ oder „Ich dokumentiere, weil meine Leitung das verlangt!“. Solche und ähnliche Aussagen zeigen, dass die Wichtigkeit der Dokumentation häufig weder ausreichend bekannt ist noch ausreichend kommuniziert wird. Doch was nutzt die beste Pflege, wenn deren Qualität und Umfang nicht dokumentiert werden und dadurch nicht nachvollziehbar sind? Damit Sie rechtlich auf der sicheren Seite sind, erläutert unser Autor, warum, was, wie, wann, in welcher Art und von wem dokumentiert werden muss.