bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Minat Kunjungan Pasien Fisioterapi Rumah Sakit Di Masa Pandemi Covid 19
Authors: Triyana Triyana , Rouf Muhammad , Ramadani Eka
Published: November 2023

Pandemi Covid 19 mengakibatkan perubahan perilaku pasien rawat jalan untuk melakukan kunjungan ulang ke Rumah Sakit. Pasien mengurangi kegiatan diluar rumah salah satunya membatasi kunjungan ke Rumah Sakit. Tujuan penelitian ini yakni untuk mengetahui faktor yang mempengaruhi minat pasien dalam melakukan kunjungan ulang ke Fisioterapi Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Arifin Achmad. Penelitian ini kuantitatif dengan desain cross sectional dan uji chi square. Pengumpulan data dengan kuesioner dan penentuan sampel dengan simple random sampling. Jumlah sampel 60 orang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada korelasi antara minat pasien berkunjung ulang dengan sikap pasien dengan nilai p<0,05. Ada korelasi antara minat pasien berkunjung ulang dengan citra rumah sakit dengan nilai p<0,05. Ada korelasi antara minat pasien berkunjung ulang dengan persepsi pasien dengan nilai p<0,05. Ada korelasi antara minat pasien berkunjung ulang dengan kualitas pelayanan rumah sakit dengan nilai p <0,05. Tidak ada korelasi antara minat pasien berkunjung ulang dengan kepuasan pasien dengan nilai p>0,05. Kesimpulan dalam penelitian bahwa faktor – faktor yang mempengaruhi minat kunjungan ulang pasien yakni sikap pasien, citra rumah sakit, persepsi pasien dan kualitas pelayanan.
Manajemen Fisioterapi dalam Meningkatkan Kualitas Tidur pada Lansia Penderita Diabetes Mellitus : Studi Kasus
Authors: Jannah Elsa Annisa , Irawan Dimas Sondang , Prsetya Anisa Mila
Published: November 2023

Kondisi diabetes mellitus sebagai bentuk respon dari kegagalan pankreas dalam memproduksi insulin yang dapat menyebabkan berbagai kerusakan pada organ tubuh.  Penderita diabetes mellitus sering mengalami gejala klinis berupa rasa haus atau dehidrasi, polyuria, penglihatan kabur, dan menurunnya berat badan. Selain terjadinya komplikasi penyakit, gejala klinis yang dialami oleh penderita diabetes mellitus tersebut dapat menyebabkan timbulnya rasa ketidaknyamanan yang dapat mengganggu kuantitas dan kualitas tidur. Membantu penderita diabetes mellitus untuk meningkatkan kualitas tidur dengan memberikan terapi latihan berupa relaksasi otot progresif yang dapat dilakukan secara mandiri. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi kasus dengan responden yang terlibat dalam studi ini berjumlah 1 orang. Relaksasi otot progresif diberikan kurang lebih 20 menit setiap pagi hari selama 5 hari berturut-turut. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan oleh peneliti dengan menggunakan Richards Campbell Sleep Questionare (RCSQ). Hasil pemberian intervensi relaksasi otot progresif setiap treatmentnya menunjukkan adanya peningkatan yang cukup signifikan. Pemberian intervensi relaksasi otot progresif dapat meningkatkan nilai kualitas tidur pada penderita diabetes mellitus.
Efektivitas Core Stability Terhadap Peningkatan Keseimbangan dan Koordinasi Pada Peserta Lomba Jintot
Authors: Hermawan Agung , Susanti Nur , Nahdliyyah Ade Irma
Published: November 2023

Permainan jintot merupakan permainan tradisional asal Kabupaten Tegal yang dijadikan perlombaan pada pesta siaga tingkat  sekolah dasar. Permainan jintot secara umum hanya dipandang permainan tradisional saja akan tetapi jika ditelusuri ternyata sangat membutuhkan keseimbangan dan koordinasi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membantu persiapan peserta lomba jintot dalam meningkatkan keseimbangan dan koordinasi sehingga memperoleh hasil yang maksimal dari lombat tersebut. Penelitian ini berupa quay eksperimental dengan treatment by subject design. Hasil penelitan ini menunjukan bahwa total sample ada 8 siswa dengan jenis kelamin laki–laki dan data tidak berdistribusi tidak normal. Hasil penelitian ini menjunjuka  nilai p<0,05 pada keseimbangan dan koordinasi jintot periode 1 terhadap periode 2. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini yaitu Core stability efektif dalam peningkatan keseimbangan dan koordinasi jintot pada peserta pesta siaga.
Neck Horn Formation After Jugular Vein Catheterization For Haemodialysis: Case Report
Authors: Alşalaldeh Mohammad
Published: November 2023

Background: Haemodialysis is an essential life-saving procedure for persons suffering from kidney failure. Haemodialysis is usually aceived by central venous catheterization. Neck hornformation is one of the most serious and seldom complications of the procedure.
Case Report: A haemodialysis catheter was placed in a 43-year-old man's right internal jugular vein after his arteriovenous fistula failed. After having the catheter removed, a neck horn developed at the puncture site. Horn resection and thrombus evacuation were the surgical treatment methods used.
Conclusion: Neck horn following an internal jugular catheter insertion might be dangerous if left untreated. The horn and thrombus are best removed surgically and treated with antibiotics.
Alternative Measurement of The Rate of Return on Investment Portfolio in Insurance Company
Authors: Agustina Nurdiana , Rachman Riskintono
Published: November 2023

The main part of this paper is to analyze the measurement of the rate of return on a realized investment portfolio. In this section, this study will simulate calculations on existing rate of return measurements with the same investment portfolio data over a period of one year. The investment portfolio contains indirect investment instruments in the form of securities in the money market and capital market. Then an analysis is carried out, and it is concluded that one measurement is more ideal and reflects the actual performance of the investment portfolio. The measurement of the net investment income ratio is a realistic measurement, acceptable and reflects actual performance. This is because the measurement considers the investment placement period with a weighted average of the rate of return on investment. This study provides alternative decision-making for insurance industries and investment managers in determining the rate of return on the investment portfolio, whereas other researchers have never conducted this study.
Application of Green Technology in Clean Water Treatment Installation: A Case Study of Batuah Village
Authors: Wikarno Agus  , Sri Yusriani  , Fajriyah Melati Sholihah  , Stefly J.A. Rozet  , Endi Rekarti  , Kurniawan Faisal Roni , Baihaqi Arif Fahri
Published: November 2023

Access to clean water is a fundamental human right, critical to life and health, especially in many rural regions such as Batuah Village. However, several obstacles, including the geographic layout, absence of natural rivers or surface water, and lack of a comprehensive public water supply network, have made the provision of clean water to these communities exceedingly challenging. This study, titled "The Application of Green Technology in Clean Water Treatment Installation: A Case Study of Batuah Village," is concentrated on employing environmentally-friendly technology in water purification. The objective is to ascertain its impact on the efficiency and effectiveness of water treatment processes. Through the deployment of sustainable water treatment systems, the research aspires to evaluate the performance of such technologies in enhancing water quality, accessibility, and sustainability. This research delves into the strengths and weaknesses of the existing system, proposes potential improvements, and assesses the implications of adopting these green technologies on the socio-economic fabric of the village. The insights derived could be beneficial for other similar contexts striving to ensure clean water availability in challenging environments. This research applied a collaborative strategic planning method, involving Batuah Village Government, Samarinda State Polytechnic, and the community in planning the Pamsimas program. The Pamsimas Water Treatment Installation (IPA Pamsimas) Karya Makmur, a community-managed system guided by government, educational institutions, and BSSR, demonstrated this synergistic approach. The study aimed to implement, sustain, and assess the clean water program's effectiveness using observations, interviews, and tests in the Batuah village area.
Electric Vehicle Adoption and Sustainability in the Urban City: A Technology Acceptance Model Analysis
Authors: Diandra Didip , Ruswanti Endang , Hidayah Zainur , Azmy Ahmad
Published: November 2023

This study aims to operationalize the theory of Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) with self- image motives as symbolic meaning for Electric Vehicle (EVs) adoption. EVs in urban city like Jakarta is expected to grow in near future, the vehicle contributes to the reduction of air pollution and greenhouse. Unlike the conventional, EVs has emerged as sustainable transportation one. However, switching mode speed of consumer mobility and the acceptance of new technology is still undefinable and required to explore deeply on the potential buyer segments of EVs based on integrative approach of ‘perceived benefits-attitude-intention’. This research applied the theory of TAM to construct the model of EVs adoption. The mediating role of pro-environmental motives and pro-innovative motives are examined. Data collected with online survey through structured questionnaire and obtained quantitative data. The model was empirically tested by structural equation modelling (SEM) PLS 3.0. The findings confirm that the consumer intention to adopt EVs were significant and positively effects the attitude. They are two distinct sets of consumer motives toward EVs adoption both are pro-environmentalist and pro-innovativeness. This study provides new grounding for the existing EVs literature. The implications are recommended, which may offer deeper insight for policymaker and prominent scholars to encourage EVs adoption and direct the future research for global urban city.
Research Trends of Green Purchasing Behaviour: A Decades Systematic Review
Authors: Az-Zahrah Nadhita
Published: November 2023

Natural resources are the World's assets that are useful for ensuring the future of mankind so that the topic of environmental protection has become a global concern. Using environmentally friendly products will certainly minimize the negative impact on the environment. There has been a rapid growth in green marketing research and its impact on customer behavior in recent years which is interesting to study. This article aims to find out: (1) How literature in the field of green purchasing behaviour has grown? (2) What is the next area of GLB research is lacking? (3) Where is the country that has done the most research on GPB? The review was performed using Scopus for the period 2013 to 2023 and uses VOSviewer as auxiliary software and uses Publish or Perish to help group data. The final sample comprised is 86 articles were found and sorting. The result shows that 2022 was the peak of publication. These values led to the identification of 43 items and 4 clusters. This study has added to existing knowledge and understanding of important and recent factors in the adoption of green purchase behavior.
The Role of Bioenergy Resources in America’s Circular Bioeconomy
Authors: Andiavitri Deodata Leela , Wening Nur , M. Nur Syukri , Kusrini Elisa
Published: November 2023

This research aims to determine the extent of bioenergy resources' contribution to the circular bioeconomy in America. Focuses on specific studies in the Americas region to provide in-depth insight into the application of bioenergy in circular bioeconomy. America’s outlook for circular bioeconomy was present here to learn about the barriers and challenges, drivers and opportunities also life cycle assessment issues to achieve a sustainable energy system. The overview of America’s countries in the role of bioenergy for circular bioeconomy was found in this study.
Recording group and area-specific activity of fattening pigs by using Passive Infrared Detectors on farm
Authors: Wurm Esther , von Jasmund Naemi , Tiemann Inga , Rötering Kathrin Schulze , Büscher Wolfgang
Published: November 2023

Animal activity in pigs can be a direct indicator of animal welfare. Passive infrared detectors (PID) provide one method of measuring animal activity on the pen level as a cost-effective and easy-to-use sensor technique. The study aimed to test PIDs on different commercial farms with fattening pigs. On each farm, a focus pen was selected and group activity, and activity in the feeding and exploration area was measured by using three PIDs. For data evaluation, three continuous 24h time periods were selected for each farm. Additionally, animal behavior was recorded by video cameras for visual scan sampling. To compare the PID outcome with the recorded behaviors, an ethogram was used to categorize active and inactive behaviors. Using scan sampling, the validation of the PID data was based on still frames at 10 min intervals. In addition, barn climate such as temperature, relative humidity, and ammonia concentration were measured. The analysis of seven farms showed a strong correlation between PID data and visual assessment for group activity from 0.67 - 0.91 (p < 0.001; n = 432). For the activity in the feeding area, medium to strong correlations between 0.44 - 0.65 (p < 0.001; n = 327) could be found. The PID data for the exploration area reached correlations with a smaller effect strength. Based on the activity data measured by PIDs, a typical diurnal rhythm for pigs could be found for all farms. Moreover, the PID data indicated different activity patterns depending on, e.g., feeding times and sex group composition. The results demonstrated that PIDs can also be used in different housing conditions for measuring animal activity. In combination with barn climate data, the PIDs can provide useful information for the farmer and also characterize farm-specific management.
Dual function of angiogenin-4 inducing intestinal stem cells and apoptosis
Authors: Abo Hirohito , Sultana Mst. Farzana , Kawashima Hiroto
Published: November 2023

The intestinal epithelium is the first line of host defense, and its homeostasis is dependent on soluble factors that comprise the crypt niche. Antimicrobial proteins are one of the mediators to maintain gut homeostasis. Angiogenin-4 (Ang4) is a member of the ribonuclease A superfamily and plays a pivotal role in antimicrobial activity against gut microbiota. However, the functions of Ang4 within the intestinal crypt niche, particularly its involvement in the development of intestinal epithelial cells (IECs), remain unknown. Here, we demonstrate that Ang4 plays a significant role in maintaining Lgr5+ intestinal stem cells (ISCs) and induces apoptosis of IECs in a concentration-dependent manner. We revealed that Ang4 is highly expressed by Paneth cells in the small intestine, as well as regenerating islet-derived family member-4 (Reg4) expressing goblet cells in the colon, and both cell subsets highly contribute to ISC maintenance. Functional analysis using intestinal organoids revealed that Ang4 induces Wnt and Notch signaling, increases Lgr5+ stem cell expansion, and promotes organoid growth. Furthermore, high concentrations of Ang4 induced apoptosis in the IEC cell line and organoids. Collectively, we propose that Ang4 is a dual functional protein and is a novel member of the crypt niche factor that promotes the expansion of ISCs and induces apoptosis.
Myt1 overexpression mediates resistance to cell cycle and DNA damage checkpoint kinase inhibitors
Authors: Sokhi Sargun , Lewis Cody W. , Bukhari Amirali B. , Hadfield Joanne , Xiao Edric J. , Fung Jeremy , Yoon Yea Jin , Hsu Wen-Hsin , Gamper Armin M. , Chan Gordon K.
Published: November 2023

Cell cycle checkpoint kinases serve as important therapeutic targets for various cancers. When they are inhibited by small molecules, checkpoint abrogation can induce cell death or further sensitize cancer cells to other genotoxic therapies. Particularly aberrant Cdk1 activation at the G2/M checkpoint by kinase inhibitors causing unscheduled mitotic entry and mitotic arrest was found to lead to DNA damage and cell death selectively in cancer cells. Promising drugs inhibiting kinases like Wee1 (Adavosertib), Wee1+Myt1 (PD166285), ATR (AZD6738) and Chk1 (UCN-01) have been developed, but clinical data has shown variable efficacy for them with poorly understood mechanisms of resistance. Our lab recently identified Myt1 as a predictive biomarker of acquired resistance to the Wee1 kinase inhibitor, Adavosertib. Here, we investigate the role of Myt1 overexpression in promoting resistance to inhibitors (PD166285, UCN-01 and AZD6738) of other kinases regulating cell cycle progression. We demonstrate that Myt1 confers resistance by compensating Cdk1 inhibition in the presence of these different kinase inhibitors. Myt1 overexpression leads to reduced premature mitotic entry and decreased length of mitosis eventually leading to increased survival rates in Adavosertib treated cells. Elevated Myt1 levels also conferred resistance to inhibitors of ATR or Chk1 inhibitor. Our data supports that Myt1 overexpression is a common mechanism by which cancer cells can acquire resistance to a variety of drugs entering the clinic that aim to induce mitotic catastrophe by abrogating the G2/M checkpoint.
Candida palmioleophila candidemia and bacterial co-infection in a 3-month-old infant with biliary atresia
Authors: Aboutalebian Shima , Nikmanesh Bahram , Mohammadpour Masoud , Charsizadeh Arezoo , Mirhendi Hossein
Published: November 2023

Candidemia caused by rare and uncommon Candida species is becoming more prevalent in pediatric healthcare settings, resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. One such species, Candida palmioleophila, is resistant to fluconazole but highly susceptible to echinocandins. Here, we report the first documented case of C. palmioleophila candidemia in Iran that occurred in a male infant with biliary atresia who had been hospitalized for 2 months. The patient’s blood and urine cultures were positive for both yeast and bacterial species. Through DNA sequence analysis, the yeast isolate was identified as C. palmioleophila. In vitro antifungal susceptibility testing of the isolate against amphotericin B, fluconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole, isavuconazole, posaconazole, and nystatin revealed MIC values of 2, 16, 0.25, 0.0625, 0.125, 0.25, and 4 μg/mL, respectively, and minimum effective concentration for caspofungin was 0.031 μg/mL. Despite receiving antibacterial and antifungal therapies, the patient unfortunately expired due to bradycardia and hypoxemia. Proper identification and epidemiological surveillance studies are needed to understand the exact prevalence of these emerging yeast pathogens. Previously reported cases of C. palmioleophila infection, primarily associated with bloodstream infections and catheter-related candidemia, were reviewed.
Probabilistic and semantic descriptions of image manifolds and their applications
Authors: Tu Peter , Yang Zhaoyuan , Hartley Richard , Xu Zhiwei , Zhang Jing , Fu Yiwei , Campbell Dylan , Singh Jaskirat , Wang Tianyu
Published: November 2023

This paper begins with a description of methods for estimating probability density functions for images that reflects the observation that such data is usually constrained to lie in restricted regions of the high-dimensional image space—not every pattern of pixels is an image. It is common to say that images lie on a lower-dimensional manifold in the high-dimensional space. However, although images may lie on such lower-dimensional manifolds, it is not the case that all points on the manifold have an equal probability of being images. Images are unevenly distributed on the manifold, and our task is to devise ways to model this distribution as a probability distribution. In pursuing this goal, we consider generative models that are popular in AI and computer vision community. For our purposes, generative/probabilistic models should have the properties of (1) sample generation: it should be possible to sample from this distribution according to the modeled density function, and (2) probability computation: given a previously unseen sample from the dataset of interest, one should be able to compute the probability of the sample, at least up to a normalizing constant. To this end, we investigate the use of methods such as normalizing flow and diffusion models. We then show how semantic interpretations are used to describe points on the manifold. To achieve this, we consider an emergent language framework that makes use of variational encoders to produce a disentangled representation of points that reside on a given manifold. Trajectories between points on a manifold can then be described in terms of evolving semantic descriptions. In addition to describing the manifold in terms of density and semantic disentanglement, we also show that such probabilistic descriptions (bounded) can be used to improve semantic consistency by constructing defenses against adversarial attacks. We evaluate our methods on CelebA and point samples for likelihood estimation with improved semantic robustness and out-of-distribution detection capability, MNIST and CelebA for semantic disentanglement with explainable and editable semantic interpolation, and CelebA and Fashion-MNIST to defend against patch attacks with significantly improved classification accuracy. We also discuss the limitations of applying our likelihood estimation to 2D images in diffusion models.
Light at the ENDothelium-role of Sox17 and Runx1 in endothelial dysfunction and pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: Simmons Beck Robert , Liang Olin D. , Klinger James R.
Published: November 2023

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive disease that is characterized by an obliterative vasculopathy of the distal pulmonary circulation. Despite significant progress in our understanding of the pathophysiology, currently approved medical therapies for PAH act primarily as pulmonary vasodilators and fail to address the underlying processes that lead to the development and progression of the disease. Endothelial dysregulation in response to stress, injury or physiologic stimuli followed by perivascular infiltration of immune cells plays a prominent role in the pulmonary vascular remodeling of PAH. Over the last few decades, our understanding of endothelial cell dysregulation has evolved and brought to light a number of transcription factors that play important roles in vascular homeostasis and angiogenesis. In this review, we examine two such factors, SOX17 and one of its downstream targets, RUNX1 and the emerging data that implicate their roles in the pathogenesis of PAH. We review their discovery and discuss their function in angiogenesis and lung vascular development including their roles in endothelial to hematopoietic transition (EHT) and their ability to drive progenitor stem cells toward an endothelial or myeloid fate. We also summarize the data from studies that link mutations in Sox17 with an increased risk of developing PAH and studies that implicate Sox17 and Runx1 in the pathogenesis of PAH. Finally, we review the results of recent studies from our lab demonstrating the efficacy of preventing and reversing pulmonary hypertension in animal models of PAH by deleting RUNX1 expression in endothelial or myeloid cells or by the use of RUNX1 inhibitors. By investigating PAH through the lens of SOX17 and RUNX1 we hope to shed light on the role of these transcription factors in vascular homeostasis and endothelial dysregulation, their contribution to pulmonary vascular remodeling in PAH, and their potential as novel therapeutic targets for treating this devastating disease.
Joint inversion of gravity and gravity gradient data using smoothed L0 norm regularization algorithm with sensitivity matrix compression
Authors: Niu Tingting , Zhang Gang , Zhang Mengting , Zhang Guibin
Published: November 2023

Improving efficiency and accuracy are critical issues in geophysical inversion. In this study, a new algorithm is proposed for the joint inversion of gravity and gravity gradient data. Based on the regularization theory, the objective function is constructed using smoothed L0 norm (SL0), then the optimal solution is obtained by the non-linear conjugate gradient method. Numerical modeling shows that our algorithm is much more efficient than the conventional SL0 based on the sparse theory, especially when inverting large-scale data, and also has better anti-noise performance while preserving its advantage of high accuracy. Compressing the sensitivity matrices has further improved efficiency, and introducing the data weighting and the self-adaptive regularization parameter has improved the convergence rate of the inversion. Moreover, the impacts of the depth weighting, model weighting, and density constraint are also analyzed. Finally, our algorithm is applied to the gravity and gravity gradient measurements at the Vinton salt dome. The inverted distribution range, thickness, and geometry of the cap rock are in good agreement with previous studies based on geological data, drilling data, seismic data, etc., validating the feasibility of this algorithm in actual geological conditions.
Designing for diverse museum visitors’ identity exploration around inventiveness
Authors: Kaplan Avi , Garner Joanna K. , Rush Amani , Smith Monica
Published: November 2023

Introduction

This paper describes an initial phase of research to inform the design of Change YOUR Game—an exhibition at the Smithsonian National Museum of American History (NMAH) that aims to promote visitors’ inventiveness in STEM and in other life domains. The exhibition’s content focused on the history of inventions and innovations in sports. The research was framed by the Dynamic Systems Model of Role Identity (DSMRI) and by a set of design principles for promoting visitors’ agentic identity exploration: The PRESS Principles.

Methods

Five data collection sessions engaged participants in a virtual, simulated visit to an early rendition of the exhibition. Diverse groups of participants were prompted to consider the self-relevance of the exhibition content to their identities and how they have been and can be inventive in their lives.

Results

Four themes captured participants’ museum visitor role identities, varied readiness to engage in identity exploration of their inventiveness, and how these provided affordances and hindrances to participants’ engagement in identity exploration in the context of the simulated visit. The themes served as bases for design recommendations.

Discussion

The study highlights the potential of the DSMRI and PRESS design principles to address conceptual and methodological challenges of research that aims to inform environmental design of a context that is not yet in existence and that will be relatively fixed. The findings suggest recommendations for design as well as theoretical insights about museum visitor role identities and the contexts that may promote visitors’ active and agentic engagement in exploring their identities.
How do we best support adolescents with low academic performance and learning disabilities in the era of pandemic learning loss? The importance of intensive learning strategy interventions
Authors: O’Brien Chris , Boudah Daniel J. , Lopuch Jeremy , Nance Aaron
Published: November 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic put a spotlight on learning loss that teachers of low-performing adolescents, including those with learning disabilities (LD), have confronted for decades. Federal funding offers opportunities for school districts across the country to implement evidence-based interventions that promote outcomes for students with learning difficulties in middle and high schools including those from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds. There is a risk, however, of funding weak models of tutoring that prioritize subject-specific “homework help” in contrast to more effective programs. Research directs schools to the use of coherent intervention programs which are built into the school day, integrated into IEPs, facilitated by competent educators, employ a model of explicit-intensive instruction that has the most significant impact on learning outcomes for students with learning difficulties, and prioritize strategies that generalize to multiple content areas. Recommendations are presented for developing Individualized Education Programs for adolescents with LD, which align with the need for challenging, ambitious goals and special education services that are based on an extensive body of research.
Effects of forest spatial types, element compositions and forest stands on restorative potential and aesthetic preference
Authors: Wang Yuqian , Liu Geyan , Jiang Mingyan , Yang Qin , Chen Qibing , Li Xi , Luo Zhenghua , Song Huixing , Du Juan , Yu Xiaofang , Lv Bingyang , Li Nian
Published: November 2023

Introduction

As global urbanization intensifies, the physical and mental stressors of modern life have led to the growing prevalence of suboptimal health conditions. Spending time in a forest benefits human health and well-being. In this context, based on the forest spatial types (forest interior and forest edge spaces), landscape elements (architecture, water and roads) and forest stands (coniferous, broadleaf and bamboo forests), this study investigated the effects of different forest spatial landscape characteristics on the restorative potential for college students, aesthetic preference and eye movement behavior (total fixation duration and fixation count).

Methods

In this study, a total of 60 subjects were exposed to 42 photographs depicting typical forest landscapes acquired through field studies. The Short-version Revised Restoration and Preference Scale and eye-tracking technology, were employed to study the recovery efficiency and visual attraction of forest spatial of different forest spatial types, element compositions and forest stands.

Results

(1) The restorative potential and aesthetic preference score of forest edge spaces were significantly higher than those of forest interior spaces. (2) The restorative potential of bamboo forests was significantly higher than those of coniferous and broadleaf forests. (3) In terms of forest interior space, the restorative potential of “forest + 1 element” composition and “forest + 2 elements” composition was significantly higher than that of pure forest, and the restorative potential of interior space of bamboo forest was significantly higher than those of coniferous and broadleaf forests. (4) In terms of forest edge space, the restorative potential of “forest + 2 elements” composition was significantly higher than that of pure forest, and the restorative potential of pure forests was significantly higher than that of the “forest + 1 element” composition. (5) The restorative potential of forest spatial landscape characteristics positively correlated with aesthetic preference and negatively correlated with total fixation duration and fixation count. These results can provide a reference for future forest landscape research, construction and management.
Impact of exposure temperature rise on mass mortality of tidal flat pacific oysters
Authors: Heo Jang-Mu , Kim Seong-Su , Kim Do-Youn , Lee Soon Woo , Lee Jung Suk , Kang Min Ho , Kim Seong Eun
Published: November 2023

Oysters are a major commercial and ecological fishery resource. Recently, the oyster industry has experienced mass mortality in summer due to environmental factors. Generally, the survival of oysters in aquatic environments is mainly impacted by environmental stressors such as elevated sea temperatures and reduced salinity; however, the stressors impacting tidal flat oysters that are repeatedly exposed to air remain poorly understood. Hence, we studied the relationship between environmental factors and the survival of tidal flat pacific oysters in Incheon, South Korea, where mass mortality is common. Principal component analysis and Bayesian networks revealed that air temperature (in spring and summer) and sea temperature (in summer) are related to oyster production. In habitats of the tidal flat oysters during the summer, high temperatures of 34.7–35.4°C (maximum 47.6°C) were observed for average durations of 0.8–1.9 hours (maximum 3.6 hours). Furthermore, heat waves occurred for up to 12 consecutive days. Results from the multiple stress test showed that when exposed to 45°C (air temperature) for 4 hours per day, the survival rate of oysters was 42.5% after only 2 days and 0% after 6 days. The findings stemming from the field observations and stress tests suggest that high temperatures during emersion may contribute to mass mortality of oysters in summer, indicating a potential threat to oysters due to climate change. To understand the effects of future thermal stress on oysters more accurately, simultaneous long-term trend analyses and field-based observations are required.
Ingestion and polymeric risk assessment of microplastic contamination in commercially important brachyuran crab Portunus sanguinolentus
Authors: Rabari Vasantkumar , Patel Heris , Ali Daoud , Yadav Virendra Kumar , Patel Ashish , Sahoo Dipak Kumar , Trivedi Jigneshkumar
Published: November 2023

Microplastic (MP) in seafood is a growing area of food safety. In the present study, MP contamination in the commercially important crabPortunus sanguinolentuswas assessed. A total of 300 crab specimens were collected from three principal fishing harbors of Gujarat. The collected specimens were analyzed for MPs isolation using a previously published protocol. The specimens were dissected, and organs such as the gut and gills were placed separately in the beaker. The organic tissues were digested using 10% KOH. After the digestion, flotation and filtration processes were carried out for the extraction of MPs. The physical (shape, size, and color) and chemical characterization of MPs were performed. The average abundance of MP was recorded as 0.67 ± 0.62 MPs/g. The pollution indices revealed very high contamination and fell under class IV (Jakhau) and V risk categories (Okha and Veraval). Microfibers were found dominantly. Blue and black-colored MPs with 1–2 mm sizes were recorded dominantly. Polyethylene, polyethylene tetraphene, polyurethane, polystyrene, and polypropylene were identified as polymer compositions of MPs. Concludingly, the present study gives an insight into the MP in an important crab speciesP. sanguinolentus, which can be useful to design further investigations on the toxicity of MPs in seafood.
Effects of copy number variations on longevity in late-onset Alzheimer’s disease patients: insights from a causality network analysis
Authors: Hao Yanan , Li Chuhao , Wang He , Ming Chen
Published: November 2023

Alzheimer’s disease (AD), particularly late-onset Alzheimer’s disease (LOAD), is a prevalent form of dementia that significantly affects patients’ cognitive and behavioral capacities and longevity. Although approximately 70 genetic risk factors linked with AD have been identified, their influence on patient longevity remains unclear. Further, recent studies have associated copy number variations (CNVs) with the longevity of healthy individuals and immune-related pathways in AD patients. This study aims to investigate the role of CNVs on the longevity of AD patients by integrating the Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) and transcriptomics data from the Religious Orders Study/Memory and Aging Project (ROSMAP) cohort through causality network inference. Our comprehensive analysis led to the construction of a CNV-Gene-Age of Death (AOD) causality network. We successfully identified three key CNVs (DEL5006, mCNV14192, and DUP42180) and seven AD-longevity causal genes (PLGRKT, TLR1, PLAU, CALB2, SYTL2, OTOF, and NT5DC1) impacting AD patient longevity, independent of disease severity. This outcome emphasizes the potential role of plasminogen activation and chemotaxis in longevity. We propose several hypotheses regarding the role of identified CNVs and the plasminogen system on patient longevity. However, experimental validation is required to further corroborate these findings and uncover precise mechanisms. Despite these limitations, our study offers promising insights into the genetic influence on AD patient longevity and contributes to paving the way for potential therapeutic interventions.
Augmented reality for intracranial meningioma resection: a mini-review
Authors: Gómez Amarillo Diego F. , Ordóñez-Rubiano Edgar G. , Ramírez-Sanabria Andrés D. , Figueredo Luisa F. , Vargas-Osorio María P. , Ramon Juan F. , Mejia Juan A. , Hakim Fernando
Published: November 2023

Augmented reality (AR) integrates computer-generated content and real-world scenarios. Artificial intelligence's continuous development has allowed AR to be integrated into medicine. Neurosurgery has progressively introduced image-guided technologies. Integration of AR into the operating room has permitted a new perception of neurosurgical diseases, not only for neurosurgical planning, patient positioning, and incision design but also for intraoperative maneuvering and identification of critical neurovascular structures and tumor boundaries. Implementing AR, virtual reality, and mixed reality has introduced neurosurgeons into a new era of artificial interfaces. Meningiomas are the most frequent primary benign tumors commonly related to paramount neurovascular structures and bone landmarks. Integration of preoperative 3D reconstructions used for surgical planning into AR can now be inserted into the microsurgical field, injecting information into head-up displays and microscopes with integrated head-up displays, aiming to guide neurosurgeons intraoperatively to prevent potential injuries. This manuscript aims to provide a mini-review of the usage of AR for intracranial meningioma resection.
The prognostic value of an age-adjusted BIG score in adult patients with traumatic brain injury
Authors: Bai Xue , Wang Ruoran , Zhang Cuomaoji , Wen Dingke , Ma Lu , He Min
Published: November 2023

Background

The base deficit, international normalized ratio, and Glasgow Coma Scale (BIG) score was previously developed to predict the outcomes of pediatric trauma patients. We designed this study to explore and improve the prognostic value of the BIG score in adult patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Methods

Adult patients diagnosed with TBI in a public critical care database were included in this observational study. The BIG score was calculated based on the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), the international normalized ratio (INR), and the base deficit. Logistic regression analysis was performed to confirm the association between the BIG score and the outcome of included patients. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were drawn to evaluate the prognostic value of the BIG score and novel constructed models.

Results

In total, 1,034 TBI patients were included in this study with a mortality of 22.8%. Non-survivors had higher BIG scores than survivors (p < 0.001). The results of multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that age (p < 0.001), pulse oxygen saturation (SpO2) (p = 0.032), glucose (p = 0.015), hemoglobin (p = 0.047), BIG score (p < 0.001), subarachnoid hemorrhage (p = 0.013), and intracerebral hematoma (p = 0.001) were associated with in-hospital mortality of included patients. The AUC (area under the ROC curves) of the BIG score was 0.669, which was not as high as in previous pediatric trauma cohorts. However, combining the BIG score with age increased the AUC to 0.764. The prognostic model composed of significant factors including BIG had the highest AUC of 0.786.

Conclusion

The age-adjusted BIG score is superior to the original BIG score in predicting mortality of adult TBI patients. The prognostic model incorporating the BIG score is beneficial for clinicians, aiding them in making early triage and treatment decisions in adult TBI patients.
The role of primed and non-primed MSC-derived conditioned media in neuroregeneration
Authors: Hudakova Nikola , Mudronova Dagmar , Marcincakova Dana , Slovinska Lucia , Majerova Petra , Maloveska Marcela , Petrouskova Patricia , Humenik Filip , Cizkova Dasa
Published: November 2023

Introduction

With growing significance in nervous system repair, mesenchymal stem cell-derived conditioned media (MSCCM) have been used in cell-free therapies in regenerative medicine. However, the immunomodulatory and neuroregenerative effects of MSCCM and the influence of priming on these effects are still poorly understood.

Methods

In this study, by various methods focused on cell viability, proliferation, neuron-like differentiation, neurite outgrowth, cell migration and regrowth, we demonstrated that MSCCM derived from adipose tissue (AT-MSCCM) and amniotic membrane (AM-MSCCM) had different effects on SH-SY5Y cells.

Results and discussion

AT-MSCCM was found to have a higher proliferative capacity and the ability to impact neurite outgrowth during differentiation, while AM-MSCCM showed more pronounced immunomodulatory activity, migration, and re-growth of SH-SY5Y cells in the scratch model. Furthermore, priming of MSC with pro-inflammatory cytokine (IFN-γ) resulted in different proteomic profiles of conditioned media from both sources, which had the highest effect on SH-SY5Y proliferation and neurite outgrowth in terms of the length of neurites (pAT-MSCCM) compared to the control group (DMEM). Altogether, our results highlight the potential of primed and non-primed MSCCM as a therapeutic tool for neurodegenerative diseases, although some differences must be considered.
Increased pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide genes expression in the prefrontal cortex in schizophrenia in relation to suicide
Authors: Slabe Zala , Balesar Rawien A. , Verwer Ronald W. H. , Drevenšek Gorazd , Swaab Dick F.
Published: November 2023

Introduction

Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide (PACAP) is a stress-related neuropeptide that is produced in several brain areas. It acts by 3 receptors: PACAP type-1 (PAC1), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) -1 and -2 (VPAC1 and 2). Data on polymorphisms in PACAP and PAC1 indicate a relationship of the PACAP system with schizophrenia (SCZ).

Methods

The prefrontal cortex was chosen to measure PACAP-gene related expression changes, since this is a central structure in the symptoms of schizophrenia (SCZ). We investigated alterations in the expression of the PACAP-related genes by qPCR in the human dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) of 35 SCZ patients and 34 matched controls in relation to SCZ, suicide, gender and medication.

Results

The ACC revealed an upregulation in PACAP, PAC1, VPAC1 and VPAC2 in SCZ suicide (S) completers compared to controls. An increase in PACAP, VPAC1 and VPAC2 expression was also present in the ACC in SCZ-S compared to SCZ patients who died naturally (SCZ-N). In the DLPFC, an increase in PAC1 was found in SCZ-N patients compared to SCZ-S and controls. Moreover, an increase in all PACAP-related genes was present in SCZ-N male patients compared to SCZ-N females. Concluding, expression changes were found in PACAP-related genes in relation to SCZ, suicide and gender. In particular, there was a higher PACAP-related gene expression in SCZ patients in the ACC in relation to suicide and in DLPFC in relation to SCZ.

Discussion

These findings suggest a potential link between PACAP and the pathophysiology of SCZ and suicide. Further research is needed to understand the functional significance and potential clinical applications of these changes.
Inflammatory and nutritional markers predict the risk of post-operative delirium in elderly patients following total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Hu Wenhao , Song Ziyi , Shang Houlai , Wang Jingcheng , Hao Yuedong
Published: November 2023

Objectives

This study intended to explore whether albumin-associated inflammatory and nutritional markers could predict post-operative delirium (POD) in older patients after total hip arthroplasty (THA). In addition, we established a nomogram model for POD prediction.

Methods

Totally, 254 elderly cases who received THA were included. Clinical and laboratory data of these patients were retrospectively collected. Albumin-associated inflammatory and nutritional markers included neutrophil-to-albumin ratio (NAR), CRP-to-albumin ratio (CAR), prognostic nutritional index (PNI), and systemic inflammation score (SIS). The LASSO, univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were utilized to screen risk factors. A nomogram model was developed according to the results of multivariate regression analyses.

Results

Among 254 patients, 49 cases had POD with an incidence of 19.3%. LASSO regression and multivariate logistic analyses suggested that preoperative NAR, preoperative PNI, preoperative SIS, and age >75 years were risk factors for POD. A nomogram model was developed according to the results of multivariate logistic analyses. The calibration curve suggested that the predicted probability of this nomogram model was in good line with the actual probability. The DCA showed that this nomogram model had net benefits for the prediction of POD for elderly patients following THA.

Conclusion

Albumin-associated inflammatory and nutritional markers including NAR, PNI, and SIS could predict POD in elderly patients following THA.
Assessment of dietary nitrate supplementation: prevalence of use, knowledge, attitudes and beliefs among active Australians
Authors: McMahon Nicholas F. , Brooker Paige G. , Pavey Toby , Leveritt Michael D.
Published: November 2023

Introduction

Use of nitrate as a dietary supplement has gained popularity among athletes and recreationally active individuals to enhance exercise performance. However, the prevalence and patterns of use, and knowledge of nitrate as a dietary supplement are unknown.

Methods

Individuals (≥16y) completed a 42-item online questionnaire to collect (i) sociodemographic information; (ii) participation in activity and sport; (iii) nitrate supplementation use and reasons; (iv) attitudes and beliefs regarding information sources and the safety of nitrate as a dietary supplement; and (v) knowledge of dietary nitrate supplements.

Results

In total, 1,404 active adults (66% female) took part in the study. Only about one in 10 respondents (11.9%) reported they had consumed dietary nitrate (“users”) in the past, most commonly as beetroot juice (31.3%). Over two-thirds (69.4%) of users could not correctly identify the correct timing of intake relative to performance time to best improve exercise performance, and most users (82.3%) were unsure of the contraindications to oral consumption of dietary nitrate supplements. Only 3.9% of users experienced adverse effects after ingesting dietary nitrate supplements. Among non-users, the most common reasons respondents selected for not using dietary nitrate supplements were “I do not think I need to” (70.2%) and “I have never thought about it” (69.2%).

Discussion

There is evidence to support the efficacy of dietary nitrate intake in improving exercise performance. However, findings from this study suggest dietary nitrate is under-utilized. Educational messages that target dietary nitrate consumption should be targeted toward nutritionists, coaches, and exercise physiologists to bridge the gap between knowledge-to-practice.