bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Contemporary use of proverbs in Akan news broadcast
Authors: Wiafe-Akenten Dr. Nana Anima
Published: November 2022

Proverb is a universal phenomenon which plays very significant roles in language use and communication. The Igbo of Nigeria says: “Proverb is the palm oil with which words are eaten”, meaning without the ornament of proverbs, words are hard to swallow. Akan people of Ghana also believe that: If you speak without proverbs, your speech is not complete in sweetness. Proverbs have been used extensively in the media since the establishment of the Ghana Broadcasting Corporation (GBC) in 1954. Therefore, this paper analyses the use of proverbs in radio and television news broadcasts in Akan. Four radio stations and three Television stations were selected for the study. Recordings of 6:00 a.m, 12:00 and 6:00 p.m. News from the four Radio stations and evening News from the three Television stations constituted the data for the study. After listening to the recordings, follow-up interviews were conducted. The study used an integrated approach for data analysis. Critical Discourse Analysis and Politeness Theory are the theoretical frameworks adopted for this ethnographic discussion. Both theories emphasize that in all speech or communication acts; one must consider the text, cultural context, and the setting in which expressions or certain literary devices are used. Analysis of the data indicates that Newscasters/readers in the selected stations use proverbs in their News items. It was further found out that proverbs used in this context are of four categories – original, modified, embellished, and newly coined proverbs. In each case, the proverbs are either used appropriately or otherwise.
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Authors: Journal
Published: November 2022

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Contribuer à la sécurité industrielle «par le facteur humain»: un regard pour aider à (re)penser la formation
Authors: Flandin Simon , Poizat Germain , Perinet Romuald
Published: November 2022

Ce «Regard» s’adresse au lecteur intéressé pour réfléchir à l’idée et aux moyens d’un développement de la sécurité industrielle par le biais de la formation, en particulier quand elle a pour objet la gestion de situations difficiles. Dans l’approche proposée par les auteurs, la formation n’est pas réductible à l’apport et à l’acquisition de savoirs devant être maîtrisés par les formés, mais consiste en la conception et l’accompagnement de dispositifs encourageant des actions négociées et jugées souhaitables par le formateur et les formés.
Pemanfaatan Kotoran Ayam sebagai Subtitusi Sebagian Pakan Ternak dengan Teknologi Effective Microogranism (EM4)
Authors: Katili Deidy Y. , Langoy Marnix L. D , Umboh Stella D.
Published: November 2022

The main problem of the low profit for breeders in Molas Village, Bunaken District, Manado City is the problem of animal feed which is difficult to obtain and the price is quite expensive. Until now, livestock manure is still of limited use, namely as manure and breeders who need it usually only ask without buying it. If not used as manure, chicken manure is only disposed of as waste. Chicken manure still has the potential as a substitute for animal feed by processing using Effective Microorganisms (EM4). The specific objectives and targets to be achieved in this PKM activity are to increase the knowledge and skills of the farmer community in the use of chicken manure as a substitute for animal feed using Effective Microorganism (EM4) technology. To overcome the problem of the lack of knowledge of the farmer community about the use of chicken manure, counseling methods and training on the use of chicken manure as a substitute for animal feed will be used using Effective Microorganism (EM4) technology. This PKM activity was carried out for 8 months. From the results of the pretest value analysis, it turns out that the highest score is in the interval between 21 and 30 with 7 participants (23.34%). This result is very low even though it turns out that none of the participants got a score of 50. Posttest results with scores below 50 are no longer there, the scores are already above 50 even the scores are already in the 91-100 (43.34%) interval with 13 participants. The lowest interval is 71-80 (10.00%) with 3 participants. From the summary of the evaluation of learning topics, there is the highest score on the aspect of motivation with 13 participants who have very good criteria. From the evaluation analysis of this learning topic, there is only 1 person who has less criteria in the aspect of understanding the material.
Workshop Metode Pembelajaran Pemecahan Kasus (Case Method) dan Pembelajaran Kelompok Berbasis Proyek (Team-Based Project) di Universitas Sam Ratulangi Manado
Authors: Runtuwene Max R.J. , Saroyo  , Lombogia Stanly O.B. , Lengkong Johny P. , Sendow Greis M. , Warongan Jessy D.L. , Paturusi Sary D.E.
Published: November 2022

Berdasarkan Surat Keputusan Mendikbud Nomor 754 LP/2020 tentang Indikator Kinerja Utama (IKU) Perguruan Tinggi, yaitu pembelajaran kelas: menggunakan salah satu atau kombinasi dari metode pembelajaran pemecahan kasus (case method) dan/atau pembelajaran kelompok berbasis proyek (team-based project) dan meliputi 50% dalam bobot evaluasinya. Oleh karena itu, LP3 Unsratmenyelenggarakan kegiatan workshop metode pembelajaran pemecahan kasus (case method) dan pembelajaran kelompok berbasis proyek (team-based project) bagi dosen. Kegiatan dilaksanakan pada tanggal 23 dan 24 Februari 2021. Peserta ialah dosen Universitas Sam Ratulangi sebanyak 72 orang. Kegiatan meliputi Penyampaian materi, praktik, presentasi, dan penugasan. Evaluasi kognitif dilaksanakan melalui pretes-postes, sedangkan kompetensi penyusunan perencanaan pembelajaran dilaksanakan melalui presentasi dan penugasan. Hasil workshop bahwa workshop metode pembelajaran pemecahan kasus (case method) dan pembelajaran kelompok berbasis proyek (teambased project) di Universitas Sam Ratulangi Manado bagi dosen telah meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kompetensi dosen dalam menyusun perencanaan pembelajaran (RPS) dengan menggunakan kedua metode tersebut.
Gambaran Pemanfaatan Media Sosial sebagai Sumber Literasi Kesehatan Digital pada Mahasiswa Universitas Sam Ratulangi
Authors: Rahman Asep , Buanasari Andi , Jayanti Meilani , Tome Ihsan S. , Hiola Andy A.N , Sengkey Eldy
Published: November 2022

Literasi Kesehatan Digital menjadi salah satu strategi promosi kesehatan dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat. Penggunaan media digital seperti media sosial menjadi lebih efektif dan efisien. Pada penelitian ini hendak mengkaji gambaran pemanfaatan media digital sebagai sarana informasi akan pandemi Covid-19. Selain itu, penelitian ini hendak mengindentifikasi pemanfatan media sosial dalam aktivitas promosi kesehatan oleh mahasiswa Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat, Fakultas Kedokteran, dan FMIPA Universitas Sam Ratulangi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analisis deskriptif dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan desain cross sectional. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan degan stratified random sampling. Informasi dari responden digali melalui kusisioner yang terdiri dari tiga bagian yakni identitas informan, sumber informasi terkait Covid-19, dan Covid-19 literacy level.
Frequency teeth-jaw anomalies and deformations in children with acute purulent ostitis of the jaws
Authors: Yakubov R.K. , Musaev Sh.Sh. , Muhtarov Sh.
Published: November 2022

В статье изложены результаты исследования распространенности зубоче-люстных аномалий и деформаций (ЗЧАД) среди детей и подростков с острым гнойным оститом челюстей (ОГОЧ). Данные о распространенности и видах ЗЧАД определяют показания к лечению и объем ортодонтических лечебно-профилактических мероприятий среди детей с ОГОЧ.
The article presents the results of a study of prevalence of the teeth-jaw anomalies and deformities (TJAD) among children and adolescents with acute purulent ostitis of the jaws (APОJ). Data on the prevalence and types of TJAD determine the indication for treatment and the amount of orthodontic treatment and preventive measures among children with APОJ.
Resultados funcionales en sujetos post accidente cerebrovascular luego del alta de una clínica de neurorehabilitación de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires
Authors: Módica Mariela , Sampayo María de la Paz , Sciuto Silvana , Heider Gustavo , Castellano Julieta , Ángel María Florencia , Cancino Jorge , Pavón Hernán , Toledo Dario , Di Yorio Rodrigo
Published: November 2022

Objetivo: Describir las características clínico-demográficas y los resultados funcionales en sujetos post accidente cerebrovascular (ACV) luego del alta de internación en una clínica de neurorrehabilitación.  

Materiales y método: Se analizó una serie de casos retrospectiva de adultos post ACV que cumplieron internación. Se registraron variables clínico-demográficas, la escala de variables clínicas de resultado (COVS) la categoría funcional de marcha (FAC) y la velocidad de marcha. 

Resultados: se reclutaron 41 sujetos, el 73% fueron hombres con una media de edad de 64 años. El 51% presentó lesión en el hemisferio derecho y el 63% fue de origen isquémico. Ingresaron con una mediana de 41 días desde el diagnóstico y el tiempo de internación fue de una mediana de 140 días. Se registró una ganancia funcional significativa (p=.00) medida con la COVS (M:29, DE:15 IC95%24-33). Al ingreso el 73% de los sujetos no caminaba (FAC=0), al alta el 80% logró algún tipo de marcha (FAC> 1) y el 68% se fue realizando marcha independiente o con supervisión (FAC>3). El 44% logró velocidad de marcha comunitaria. 

Conclusión: Este estudio permitió describir las características clínico-demográficas y los resultados funcionales alcanzados luego de la rehabilitación. Los mismos fueron significativos y no demostraron estar relacionados con la edad, la severidad funcional al ingreso y la cantidad de días desde el diagnóstico al ingreso a la institución.
Abordaje interdisciplinario en paciente post COVID-19 en un centro de desvinculación de la ventilación mecánica y rehabilitación
Authors: Rositi Emilio Sebastian , Escobar Miguel Antonio , Navarro Emiliano , Morel Vulliez Gastón Germán , De Vito Eduardo Luis
Published: November 2022

Introducción: Un 5% de los individuos contagiados con COVID-19 requerirán cuidados intensivos. La ventilación mecánica invasiva (VMI), sedación, bloqueo neuromuscular, inmovilización prolongada y la infección viral misma, podrían condicionar la rehabilitación. Nuestro objetivo es describir el abordaje interdisciplinario del primer paciente post COVID-19 en nuestro centro, con traqueostomía y VMI prolongada.

Presentación del caso: Sujeto masculino de 74 años con COVID-19. Luego de 12 días de internación en sala general ingresó a cuidados intensivos con insuficiencia respiratoria que requirió intubación orotraqueal y VMI. Fue traqueostomizado y derivado a nuestro centro de rehabilitación, donde ingresó con un Índice de Barthel (IB) de 50 puntos. Fue desvinculado al día 10. Conjuntamente se implementaron los protocolos para rehabilitación motora, fonodeglutoria y decanulación, la cual se logró el día 19. Fue dado de alta con independencia funcional el día 34, IB de 95.

Conclusión: En este caso se implementó el abordaje integral e interdisciplinario del paciente a partir de los protocolos elaborados por el centro con una actitud abierta a los hallazgos particulares en el contexto de esta nueva entidad. Su evolución fue hacia la rápida resolución tanto de los aspectos respiratorios como motores; alcanzando la desvinculación, la decanulación y la independencia funcional motora.
Tiempo de evolución y riesgo de caídas en sujetos que ingresan a rehabilitación vestibular en un hospital de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires
Authors: Valdez Marcos Caferino Gabriel , Candoni Gerardo José Salvador , Coronel María Daniela , Coronel Tugnoli Elizabeth Yanina , Fernández Claudia Patricia , Sanchez Correa Cecilia Mariel , Tomadín Romina Lucila
Published: November 2022

Objetivo: Conocer el tiempo de evolución de los síntomas y el riesgo de caídas de los sujetos con alteraciones vestibulares que ingresaron a rehabilitación vestibular en un hospital de rehabilitación, describir las características clínico-demográficas y relacionadas al equilibrio de los mismos.

Materiales y método: Estudio descriptivo, transversal y retrospectivo. Técnica de muestreo no probabilística consecutiva. Las variables se agruparon en primarias y secundarias, y a su vez estas mismas en clínico-demográficas y relacionadas al equilibrio.

Resultados: La muestra se compuso de 159 sujetos. El tiempo de evolución fue >6 meses en un 71,1%; respecto al equilibrio dinámico, valorado mediante el Dinamic Gait Index y el Functional Gait Assessment, el 70,5% de la muestra presentó riesgo de caídas y el diagnóstico más prevalente fue la vestibulopatía periférica en un 52,8%.

Conclusión: Se conocieron el tiempo de evolución y el riesgo de caídas, y se describieron las características clínico-demográficas y relacionadas al equilibrio de los sujetos con alteraciones vestibulares al ingreso a rehabilitación vestibular.
Estudio de la quimiosensibilidad al CO2
Authors: Navarro Emiliano , Escobar Miguel Antonio , Rositi Emilio Sebastián , Cruz Arce Santiago , Monteiro Sergio Gabriel , Morel Voulliez Gastón Germán , De Vito Eduardo Luis
Published: November 2022

En un paciente con hipercapnia crónica, la presencia de anomalías en el control de la ventilación debe ser sospechada cuando la función pulmonar y/o la fuerza muscular respiratoria son normales o levemente alteradas. Se dispone de diversas pruebas para su evaluación. La respuesta ventilatoria frente a la hipercapnia es una prueba simple y no invasiva que evalúa el control químico de la ventilación. No obstante, para obtener resultados representativos, se debe observar meticulosamente las pautas de su ejecución. La respuesta a la reinhalación de CO2 se mide en términos de la presión de la oclusión a los 0,1 segundos (P0.1). La estimación de la pendiente (ᐃP0.1/ᐃPetCO2, cmH2O/mmHg) refleja la quimiosensibilidad frente a los cambios de CO2.
Calculation of PIT 4 Coal Reserves with Cross-Cross Method
Authors: Shabiruddin Shabiruddin , Anshariah Anshariah , Bakri Hasbi
Published: November 2022

Calculating coal reserves using the vertical section method can describe the condition of deposits and overburden in each section. This study aimed to determine the direction of coal distribution, the volume of overburden, and the volume of coal using the cross-section method and to obtain the stripping ratio (SR). In this research activity, data is needed in the form of documentation on pit 4, cross-section, drill logs, and coordinates of drill points. After all the data has been collected, it is continued by making a cross-section in the form of a horizontal (cross-section) using Auto Cad software. The final stage of the interpretation of the two data results is calculating the number of coal reserves, the amount of overburden (OB), and the stripping ratio value by the concept of continuity that has been carried out from the existing data.
Processo de Alfabetização e as Práticas Pedagógicas
Authors: Penteado Maria Emiliana Lima , GOMBOEFF Ana Lucia Madsen
Published: November 2022

O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar e analisar as práticas pedagógicas de duas docentes acerca do processo de alfabetização de crianças do 1º e 2º Ano do ensino fundamental. Essas duas professoras redigiram dois registros nos quais narraram suas práticas pedagógicas de alfabetização. Esses registros foram tomados como material de análise. O procedimento denominado Núcleo de Significação (NS), proposto por Aguiar e Ozella (2013), orientou a análise dos dados. A base teórica ancora-se no método Materialista Histórico e Dialético, preconizado por Friedrich Engels (1820-1878) e Karl Marx (1818-1883), que fundamenta a Psicologia Sócio-Histórica, pautada nos estudos de Lev Vigotski (1896-1934). Fundamenta-se, ainda, nos estudos de Volochinov (1995), Freitas (2002) e Faraco (2009) que estudaram diferentes vertentes dentro do campo da linguagem. Os resultados indicam a importância da formação continuada docente, do trabalho coletivo e do acompanhamento pela coordenação pedagógica da prática pedagógica das professoras alfabetizadoras.
The Role of Doctor's Authority in Patients' Treatment Decisions
Authors: Prusiński Tomasz
Published: November 2022

Objectives: In this study, I aimed to find empirical support for the increasingly frequent assumption about the regulatory potential of legitimacy with regard to people's health behaviors. The research determined the effect of legitimacy on 3 crucial health behaviors. It also tested whether patients' perception of doctors as competent played a role in the recognition of doctors' legitimacy. Methods: The study included 210 participants, patients of independent primary healthcare facilities and specialist hospital outpatient clinics. The collected empirical data were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM). I tested 6 SEM models. Results: The study supported the main hypothesized relationship, showing that legitimacy was a factor increasing compliance with medical advice and regulating the treatment process. It also supported the relationship, postulated in the second hypothesis, between doctor's perceived competence and the perceived legitimacy of healthcare institutions. Conclusions: The results of analyses indicate that the perception of a healthcare institution as trustworthy and patients' recognition of the legitimacy of doctors' authority increases their willingness to voluntarily comply with medical advice and continue treatment.
Relationship Among Diabetes Distress, Health Literacy, Diabetes Education, Patient-Provider Communication and Diabetes Self-Care
Authors: Misra Ranjita , Adelman Megan M , Kirk Brenna , Sambamoorthi Usha
Published: November 2022

Objectives: Mechanisms underlying relationships among patients' health literacy, diabetes distress, diabetes education, and provider counseling for self-care of chronic conditions are unclear. This study tested these relationships using SEM with adult patients with comorbid diabetes
and hypertension in rural WV. Methods: Ninety-one participants of a 12-week self-management program reported on diabetes self-care (diet, exercise, blood glucose (BG) monitoring) and related provider counseling. Results:Based on patient report, providers' recommendations included following
a low-fat diet, eating fruits/ vegetables, limiting sweets, a daily low-level of exercise and/or exercise ≥20 minutes three times/week, and BG monitoring. Provider recommendations were shown to be associated with patients' self-care behaviors (r=0.22, p<0.05). Multiple factors directly
influenced provider recommendations: diabetes distress, health literacy, and family history of diabetes. A positive association was also noted between prior diabetes education and provider recommendations and diabetes self-care (r=0.44, p<0.001). A negative association was noted between
diabetes distress and self-care, but a positive effect on provider recommendations was found. The model demonstrated good fit [CFI=0.94, and Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA) =0.05]. Conclusions: To enhance diabetes self-care, providers should consistently provide education on
self-care behaviors as well as partner with them to address diabetes distress.
Diversity of alleles of locuses of spare proteins of wheat varieties IFRG NAS of Ukraine
Authors: Sandetska N. V. , Radchenko O. M.
Published: November 2022

Aim. Investigation of allele frequencies by locus of reserve proteins in groups of wheat varieties created during different selection periods at the leading breeding center of the Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. Methods. The material for the study were 57 varieties of wheat of the Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. Separation of gliadins was performed according to the ISTA method in the Poperel modification. High molecular weight glutenin subunits were analyzed by electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) by the Lemmley method. Results. The allelic composition of loci of spare proteins Glu-A1, Glu-B1, Glu-D1, Gli-1A, Gli-B1, Gli-1D was determined. At the gliad-encoding loci Gli-A1, Gli-B1 6 alleles were detected, at the locus Gli-D1 - 5 alleles. By gluten-encoding loci, the most polymorphic was the Glu-B1 locus, which is represented by 5 alleles. Loci Glu-A1 and Glu-D1 are represented by 3 and 2 allelic variants. Conclusions. The frequency of the Glu-B1al allele, increased from 0% to 18%, this allele is one of the strongest in terms of positive impact on the quality of flour among the identified alleles of loci of high molecular weight glutenins of wheat. It was found that almost 50% of varieties created in the last decade in IFRG NAS of Ukraine have wheat-rye translocations 1AL.1RS, 1BL.1RS.
The influence of in vitro and ex vitro conditions cultivation on free proline contents in plants of some Gentiana L. species
Authors: Hrytsak L. R. , Nuzhyna N. V. , Drobyk N. M.
Published: November 2022

Aim. To establish the dependence of free proline concentration in plant tissues of in vitro and ex vitro alpine species of Gentiana lutea L., Gentiana punctata L., Gentiana acaulis L. on light conditions of their cultivation and the source of carbon in the nutrient medium; to analyze expediency of free proline amino acid use as a biological marker of physiological adaptation of biotechnological plants of these species to water deficit of in vitro and ex vitro conditions. Methods. Methods of in vitro and ex vitro cultivation of plants, the method of free proline detection with the use of ninhydrin. Results. It is shown that under in vitro conditions of free proline content in plants is dependent on light regime of their cultivation and the source of carbon in the composition of nutrient medium. The increased intensity of luminous flux within the range of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) from 85 W/m2 to 100 W/m2 and 1.92 times raised share of red range waves in the light spectral composition in variant 2.1 (intensity of the luminous flux in the PAR range is 100  W/m2, the waves correlation of blue (Eb): green (Eg): red (Er) ranges = 25 % : 27 % : 48 %) causes 11.5–37.1 %  increased amount of free proline in plants in vitro cultivated on nutrient media supplemented with sucrose. Substitution of sucrose in the medium for mannitol is accompanied by 1.64–1.84 times increased concentration of free proline in plants of the investigated species under the light conditions of 1.1 variant (85 W/m2, spectral composition Eb : Eg : Er = 25 % : 27 % : 48 %= 33 % : 42 % : 25 %) and 1.3–2.57 times increased under light cultivation regime of 2.1 variant. The analysis of water balance of plants in vitro cultivated on mannitol under light conditions of 2.1 variant and the plants in conditions of natural growth doesn’t show any considerable distinctions in values of transpiration intensity, water deficit, general water content. The process of adaptation of plants in vitro to conditions ex vitro is accompanied by a change of proline content in leaves with dependence on water deficit in the substrate and light conditions of growing. Conclusions. The obtained results point to the expediency of using free proline content as a biochemical marker for assessing adaptive potential of plants in conditions in vitro and ex vitro.
Effect of biotic elicitor and donor NO treatment in complex defence of wheat plants against hypoxia and wounding stress
Authors: Zhuk I. V. , Shylina Ju. V. , Dmytriev A. P.
Published: November 2022

Aim. The aim of the research was to investigate the induction of the Triticum aestivum L. non-specific tolerance by ferulic acid as a biotic elicitor and donor of nitric oxide as a signal molecule to hypoxia and wounding stress. Methods. Winter wheat plants cv. Kesariia Polis`ka were grown and had  treated by ferulic acid and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) solutions then wounding or flooding stress started. The hydrogen peroxide content was measured in leaves during the experimental period. Results. It is shown that an influence of the nitric oxide donor balanced the hydrogenous peroxide level in wounded leaves close to control. After two days of flooding stress plants treated by ferulic acid decreased hydrogen peroxide level on 15 % against threefold decreasing in non-treated stressed plants. Donor NO treatment also paid contribution to hydrogen peroxide equilibrium during the first hour under hypoxia conditions caused by flooding stress and decreased hydrogen peroxide content till the third day of stress. Conclusions. Ferulic acid and nitric oxide donor are perspective components for complex defense against hypoxia and wounding in wheat plants.
Application of colorimetry method for establishment of features of pink and red color of flax petals
Authors: Sklyarenko G. V. , Poliakova I. O. , Nikonova V. M.
Published: November 2022

Aim. Using the method of colorimetry, to investigate the features of the manifestation of pink color of the petals of the corolla in cultivated and wild species of flax. Methods. Colorimetric, descriptive, statistical. Results. Different colors of petals of a number of flax lines with the use of instrumental technologies are analyzed and their numerical characteristics in the channels of red, green and blue colors of the spectrum are established. The obtained numerical characteristics of color are characterized by rather small variation that allows to use this technology for reliable identification of the samples of flax differing in color of petals or other parts of a plant. Conclusions. It was found that in all genotypes of flax with pink color of the petals in numerical terms, the red color component has similar values and predominates over other color components. L. grandiflorum was found to have the highest percentage of color components, which differs significantly from other genotypes studied. A large proportion of red color was also found in the variety Rumyanets and L. pubescens. And in the pink-flowered lines of cultivated flax M-66 and LR-1-1 a uniform ratio of color components was found.
Genetic analysis of palmytic acid content in the oil of maize based on Waxy mutation
Authors: Tymchuk D. S.
Published: November 2022

Aim. Determination of the effect of wx mutation on the palmitate content and genetic analysis of this trait in waxy maize. Methods. In two-year experiments, 10 unrelated maize inbreds of the common type and 10 inbreds – carriers of the wx mutation were analyzed. Genetic analysis of palmitate content was carried out in the diallel crosses of 6 indreds – carriers of the wx mutation by the second Griffing method. The palmitate content was determined by Peysker’s gas chromatographic method. Results. Carriers of the wx mutation of maize exceeded the maize of common type in the content of glycerides of palmitic acid in oils. The content of palmitate in unrelated inbreds – carriers of the wx mutation was subjected to quantitative variability and ranged from 13.3 % to 16.4 %. Inheritance of palmitate content in the waxy corn was carrired out by the type of incomplete dominance with a predominant contribution of additive effects to the variation. A higher level of trait was controlled by recessive alleles of polygens. Conclusions. The obtained results suggest the presence in chromosome 9 of spatial linkage of the mutant wx gene with palmitate - coding locus, the effect of which is modified by a polygenic complex.
Estimation of photosynthetic light energy conversion efficiency in winter wheat varieties under drought
Authors: Priadkina G. O. , Stasik O. O. , Makharynska N. M. , Poliovyi A. M.
Published: November 2022

Aim. Search for physiological characteristics of high-yielding varieties of winter wheat based on a comparative analysis of efficiency of solar energy conversion into biomass under natural drought during the grain filling period. Methods. Morphometric, actinometric, statistical. Results. It was found that high-yielding varieties of winter wheat had higher, than less productive ones, increment of aboveground dry matter and the radiation use efficiency in the reproductive period of development. A positive correlation was established between the radiation use efficiency of winter wheat varieties at that period and grain yield, and weight of 1000 grains. It has been suggested that the higher efficiency of light energy conversion to biomass at drought conditions in high-yielding varieties may be related to the higher demand for assimilate due to grain filling and high drought-tolerance of photosynthetic apparatus. Conclusions. A significant genotypic difference in the radiation use efficiency between winter wheat varieties of one maturity group at the reproductive period was established. Higher radiation use efficiency in the reproductive period contributed to the increase of grain productivity due to better grain filling, as evidenced by the positive correlation with the mass of 1000 grains. The presence of significant genotypic variability in this trait indicates that it can be used for genetic improvement of wheat productivity. It was found that the varieties of winter wheat Kyivska 17 and Horodnytsia can be used as donors of valuable breeding traits.
Inheritance of quantitative traits in F1 hybrids of einkorn wheat
Authors: Fu Hao , Bohuslavskyi R. L. , Atramentova L. O.
Published: November 2022

Aim. Determine the type of quantitative traits inheritance in einkorn wheat F1 hybrids. Methods. Hybridological and morphometric analyses. Results. In the combination ♀T. urartu × ♂T. sinskajae, the hybrid caryopses did not set; in the reciprocal combination, the set rate was 28 %. In combinations involving T. boeoticum, T. monococcum, T. sinskajae the setting ranged from 37 % to 54 %. In different combinations, hybrids showed overdominance, hybrid depression, dominance of parental traits with a higher and lower trait value, rarely intermediate inheritance. The combinations in which T. sinskajae is involved are of interest due to heterosis in grain weight of per ear, spikelet number in ear, grain number in ear and less hullness. At the same time, the dominance degree for this trait correlates with the indicators of the dominance degree in length, width and area of flag leaf (r: 0.62–0.71). Conclusions. Einkorn hybrids with the participation of naked wheat T. sinskajae are promising in terms of spikelet number per ear, grain number per ear, ear weight, grain weight per ear, reduced hullness.
Examining the psychology of practitioners, institutions and structures:
Authors: Hunt Joanne
Published: November 2022

‘Medically unexplained symptoms’ (MUS), through the lens of the biopsychosocial model, are understood in mainstream psy disciplines and related literature as a primarily psychosocial phenomenon perpetuated by ‘dysfunctional’ psychology on the part of people labelled with such. Biopsychosocial discourse and practice in this field, underpinned by little empirical foundation and lacking theoretical coherency, are associated with harms sustained by people labelled with MUS. Yet, little  attention is paid to the psychology of social actors and institutions whose practice and policy derives from biopsychosocial theorising, or whose vested interests (re)produce such theorising. This article contends that lack of reflexivity among psy practitioners and other social actors on individual, institutional and structural levels furthers biopsychosocial hegemony and contributes to harms. Non-reflexive behaviour on the part of practitioners within clinical and ‘therapeutic’ encounters and on the part of social actors within institutions and broader power structures is examined, and possible psychological underpinnings of non-reflexivity are explored. Notably, the concept of gain, drawn from dominant discourse around MUS, is applied broadly to explore what might be gained from eschewing reflexivity and from adhering to biopsychosocial narratives. Implications for practice, supervision, training and research are discussed, notably highlighting a need for critical reflexivity in all domains.
Low energy structure of above-threshold ionization spectra produced by mid-infrared laser pulses
Authors: Xiao Zhi-Lei , Quan Wei , Xu Song-Po , Liu Xiao-Jun , Wei Zheng-Rong , Chen Jing ,   Faculty of Physics, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China,   State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China,   Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100088, China
Published: November 2022

The low-energy structure (LES) of above-threshold ionization (ATI) of atoms subjected to an intense laser field is a hot topic in the strong-field atomic physics. The rich physical insights behind LES attract a lot of attention. Based on a semi-classical model, a semi-classical two-step (SCTS) quantum trajectory model and numerical solution of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation (TDSE), we study the pulse-duration dependence of LES for Xe atom subjected to a mid-infrared laser field. It is found that the energy of LES becomes lower for shorter pulse duration. Further analysis shows that in the case of multi-cycle laser field, the LESn structure is closely related to the number of times of forward scattering and the initial transverse momentum. In the case of few-cycle laser pulse, the carrier-envelope phase (CEP) dependence of the peak position of LES is mainly due to the CEP dependence of the influence of both vector-potential of the laser field and the Coulomb potential. In addition, the bunching effect of electrons, caused by Coulomb potential, is the main reason for the formation of LES.
Recent progress of quantum simulation of non-Hermitian systems
Authors: Gao Xue-Er , Li Dai-Li , Liu Zhi-Hang , Zheng Chao ,   College of Science, North China Universty of Technology, Beijing 100144, China
Published: November 2022

Quantum simulation is one of the main contents of quantum information science, aiming to simulate and investigate poorly controllable or unobtainable quantum systems by using controllable quantum systems. Quantum simulation can be implemented in quantum computers, quantum simulators, and small quantum devices. Non-Hermitian systems have aroused research interest increasingly in recent two decades. On one hand, non-Hermitian quantum theories can be seen as the complex extensions of the conventional quantum mechanics, and are closely related to open systems and dissipative systems. On the other hand, both quantum systems and classical systems can be constructed as non-Hermitian systems with novel properties, which can be used to improve the precision of precise measurements. However, a non-Hermitian system is more difficult to simulate than a Hermitian system in that the time evolution of it is no longer unitary. In this review, we introduce recent research progress of quantum simulations of non-Hermitian systems. We mainly introduce theoretical researches to simulate typical non-Hermitian quantum systems by using the linear combinations of unitaries, briefly showing the advantages and limitations of each proposal, and we briefly mention other theoretical simulation methods, such as quantum random walk, space embedded and dilation. Moreover, we briefly introduce the experimental quantum simulations of non-Hermitian systems and novel phenomena in nuclear magnetic resonance, quantum optics and photonics, classical systems, etc. The recent progress of the combinations of quantum simulation and non-Hermitian physics has promoted the development of the non-Hermitian theories, experiments and applications, and expand the scope of application of quantum simulations and quantum computers.
Optimal Motherhood and Other Lies Facebook Told Us
Authors: Clements Jessica , Nixon Kari
Published: November 2022

An exploration of social media–imposed pressure on new mothers: How the supposed safe havens of online mommy groups have become rife with aggression and groupthink.

Many mothers today turn to social media for parenting advice, joining online mothers' groups on Facebook and elsewhere. But the communities they find in these supposed safe havens can be rife with aggression, peer pressure, and groupthink—insisting that only certain practices are “best,” “healthiest,” “safest” (and mandatory). In this book, Jessica Clements and Kari Nixon debunk the myth of “optimal motherhood”—the idea that there is only one right answer to parenting dilemmas, and that optimal mothers must pursue perfection. In fact, Clements and Nixon write, parenting choices are not binaries, and the scientific findings touted by mommy groups are neither clear-cut nor prescriptive.

Clements and Nixon trace contemporary ideas of optimal motherhood to the nineteenth-century “Cult of True Womanhood,” which viewed women in terms of purity and dignity. Both mothers themselves, they joined a variety of Facebook mothers' groups to explore what goes on in online mommy wars. They examine debates within these groups over CDC recommendations about alcohol during pregnancy, birth plans that don't go according to plan, breastfeeding vs. formula, co-sleeping and “crying it out,” and “tweaking” pregnancy test kits to discern pregnancy as early as possible. Clements and Nixon argue for an empowered motherhood, freed from the impossible standards of the optimal.
Gastrointestinal helminths increase Bordetella bronchiseptica shedding and host variation in supershedding
Authors: Nguyen Nhat TD , Pathak Ashutosh K , Cattadori Isabella M
Published: November 2022

Co-infected hosts, individuals that carry more than one infectious agent at any one time, have been suggested to facilitate pathogen transmission, including the emergence of supershedding events. However, how the host immune response mediates the interactions between co-infecting pathogens and how these affect the dynamics of shedding remains largely unclear. We used laboratory experiments and a modeling approach to examine temporal changes in the shedding of the respiratory bacterium Bordetella bronchiseptica in rabbits with one or two gastrointestinal helminth species. Experimental data showed that rabbits co-infected with one or both helminths shed significantly more B. bronchiseptica, by direct contact with an agar petri dish, than rabbits with bacteria alone. Co-infected hosts generated supershedding events of higher intensity and more frequently than hosts with no helminths. To explain this variation in shedding an infection-immune model was developed and fitted to rabbits of each group. Simulations suggested that differences in the magnitude and duration of shedding could be explained by the effect of the two helminths on the relative contribution of neutrophils and specific IgA and IgG to B. bronchiseptica neutralization in the respiratory tract. However, the interactions between infection and immune response at the scale of analysis that we used could not capture the rapid variation in the intensity of shedding of every rabbit. We suggest that fast and local changes at the level of respiratory tissue probably played a more important role. This study indicates that co-infected hosts are important source of variation in shedding, and provides a quantitative explanation into the role of helminths to the dynamics of respiratory bacterial infections.
Modeling and mechanical perturbations reveal how spatially regulated anchorage gives rise to spatially distinct mechanics across the mammalian spindle
Authors: Suresh Pooja , Galstyan Vahe , Phillips Rob , Dumont Sophie
Published: November 2022

During cell division, the spindle generates force to move chromosomes. In mammals, microtubule bundles called kinetochore-fibers (k-fibers) attach to and segregate chromosomes. To do so, k-fibers must be robustly anchored to the dynamic spindle. We previously developed microneedle manipulation to mechanically challenge k-fiber anchorage, and observed spatially distinct response features revealing the presence of heterogeneous anchorage (Suresh et al., 2020). How anchorage is precisely spatially regulated, and what forces are necessary and sufficient to recapitulate the k-fiber’s response to force remain unclear. Here, we develop a coarse-grained k-fiber model and combine with manipulation experiments to infer underlying anchorage using shape analysis. By systematically testing different anchorage schemes, we find that forces solely at k-fiber ends are sufficient to recapitulate unmanipulated k-fiber shapes, but not manipulated ones for which lateral anchorage over a 3 μm length scale near chromosomes is also essential. Such anchorage robustly preserves k-fiber orientation near chromosomes while allowing pivoting around poles. Anchorage over a shorter length scale cannot robustly restrict pivoting near chromosomes, while anchorage throughout the spindle obstructs pivoting at poles. Together, this work reveals how spatially regulated anchorage gives rise to spatially distinct mechanics in the mammalian spindle, which we propose are key for function.
Targeted genomic sequencing with probe capture for discovery and surveillance of coronaviruses in bats
Authors: Kuchinski Kevin S , Loos Kara D , Suchan Danae M , Russell Jennifer N , Sies Ashton N , Kumakamba Charles , Muyembe Francisca , Mbala Kingebeni Placide , Ngay Lukusa Ipos , N’Kawa Frida , Atibu Losoma Joseph , Makuwa Maria , Gillis Amethyst , LeBreton Matthew , Ayukekbong James A , Lerminiaux Nicole A , Monagin Corina , Joly Damien O , Saylors Karen , Wolfe Nathan D , Rubin Edward M , Muyembe Tamfum Jean J , Prystajecky Natalie A , McIver David J , Lange Christian E , Cameron Andrew DS
Published: November 2022

Public health emergencies like SARS, MERS, and COVID-19 have prioritized surveillance of zoonotic coronaviruses, resulting in extensive genomic characterization of coronavirus diversity in bats. Sequencing viral genomes directly from animal specimens remains a laboratory challenge, however, and most bat coronaviruses have been characterized solely by PCR amplification of small regions from the best-conserved gene. This has resulted in limited phylogenetic resolution and left viral genetic factors relevant to threat assessment undescribed. In this study, we evaluated whether a technique called hybridization probe capture can achieve more extensive genome recovery from surveillance specimens. Using a custom panel of 20,000 probes, we captured and sequenced coronavirus genomic material in 21 swab specimens collected from bats in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. For 15 of these specimens, probe capture recovered more genome sequence than had been previously generated with standard amplicon sequencing protocols, providing a median 6.1-fold improvement (ranging up to 69.1-fold). Probe capture data also identified five novel alpha- and betacoronaviruses in these specimens, and their full genomes were recovered with additional deep sequencing. Based on these experiences, we discuss how probe capture could be effectively operationalized alongside other sequencing technologies for high-throughput, genomics-based discovery and surveillance of bat coronaviruses.
LRG1 is an adipokine that promotes insulin sensitivity and suppresses inflammation
Authors: Choi Chan Hee J , Barr William , Zaman Samir , Model Corey , Park Annsea , Koenen Mascha , Lin Zeran , Szwed Sarah K , Marchildon Francois , Crane Audrey , Carroll Thomas S , Molina Henrik , Cohen Paul
Published: November 2022

While dysregulation of adipocyte endocrine function plays a central role in obesity and its complications, the vast majority of adipokines remain uncharacterized. We employed bio-orthogonal non-canonical amino acid tagging (BONCAT) and mass spectrometry to comprehensively characterize the secretome of murine visceral and subcutaneous white and interscapular brown adip ocytes. Over 600 proteins were identified, the majority of which showed cell type-specific enrichment. We here describe a metabolic role for leucine-rich α–2 glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) as an obesity-regulated adipokine secreted by mature adipocytes. LRG1 overexpression significantly improved glucose homeostasis in diet-induced and genetically obese mice. This was associated with markedly reduced white adipose tissue macrophage accumulation and systemic inflammation. Mechanistically, we found LRG1 binds cytochrome c in circulation to dampen its pro-inflammatory effect. These data support a new role for LRG1 as an insulin sensitizer with therapeutic potential given its immunomodulatory function at the nexus of obesity, inflammation, and associated pathology.
Building the blocks for open science
Authors: Sule Sam
Published: November 2022

The value and importance of open science is a central component of how we move research and knowledge forward – sharing all elements of research is fundamental to trust, integrity and reproducibility and therefore the advancement of discovery and trusted knowledge.
As a community, however, we need to get better at taking concrete steps to drive forward appropriate measures. Encouraging open sharing and research practices, promoting their benefits, and building an evidence based approach to their value – whilst important, are on their own, not enough. Collaboration across all stakeholders needs to take place – policy makers, funders, publishers, librarians, researchers and organisations/institutions. These are all important conversations that need to continue to take place to effect positive change through collaboration, awareness and innovation. Coupling real world examples with clear policy, better credit and reward systems, better tools and services, explicit funding, practical help and answers to common questions are all essential factors in accelerating openness and sharing to an established norm.
There are no easy answers, and no “silver bullet”, but there is much we can act on now.
This poster will draw on the thoughts of those key stakeholders across our sector to talk through the building blocks to true sustainable open science – from a code and data, platform, librarian, researcher and publisher perspective – whilst we may all be a small part of the cog, by each playing our part we can contribute, more than we have been able to before, in building the blocks for open science.
Managing the complexities of the article-based future
Authors: Fund Sven
Published: November 2022

Open access has created a new, complex reality for researchers, funders, librarians and publishers alike. Not only did the volume of items that need attention go up for many in the ecosystem. The broad variety of approaches and business models, alongside a whole new group of players, such as pure OA publishers, involved have driven up complexity. Virtually all elements of the publishing value chain – authorship, reviewing, curation, production, distribution,  consumption and analytics – are effected by the change of the genetic code of the value chain. The impact on the different roles as well as on the value creation can be significant, depending on how the reconfiguration of publishing will evolve.
The poster will look at ways in which the different players in the eco system can bring back efficiency while maintaining the openness to experimentation that is a vital part of Open Science. Stakeholders from all parts of the ecosystem are invited to join the conversation.