bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El giro pedagógico en la investigación sobre la transferencia interlingüística: Repensando las hipótesis de interdependencia y del umbral lingüístico / The pedagogical turn in the research on cross-language transfer: Re-thinking the Language Interdepende
Authors: Villacañas de Castro Luis Sebastián
Published: April 2024

ResumenEste artículo contrapone los dos posicionamientos opuestos que encontramos en la literatura sobre las hipótesis de interdependencia y la del umbral lingüístico en el campo de la adquisición de segundas lenguas y la enseñanza de lenguas extranjeras. El artículo resume primero la interpretación ortodoxa de estos dos conceptos, junto con sus consecuencias prácticas y teóricas. Después se describe el rasgo más distintivo del modelo alternativo de Jim Cummins: su énfasis en la dimensión pedagógica y en el impacto que ésta tiene en la transferencia interlingüística. Según este modelo alternativo, la naturaleza y la calidad de la exposición a la L2 (no el tiempo de exposición o el nivel L2 del estudiante) sería el factor más determinante en el grado de transferencia conseguida. Esta dimensión pedagógica se expone mediante tres niveles de análisis diferentes, a los que acompañan dos estudios concretos que aportan evidencia empírica. En la última sección se introduce la hipótesis de un Umbral pedagógico como un desarrollo lógico de las ideas ya expuestas. Abstract: This article dwells on the opposing alignments that can be found in the literature on the Linguistic Interdependence (LIH) and Linguistic Threshold (LTH) hypotheses, in the field of second language acquisition and foreign language education. First, the prevailing, orthodox rendition of these two concepts is examined briefly, together with its theoretical and practical consequences. After this, the most distinctive characteristic of Jim Cummins’s alternative framework is described, i.e., its emphasis on the pedagogical dimension and on its impact on cross-language transfer. According to this view, the quality and nature of the exposure to L2 (not time-exposure or student L2 level) would be the most significant factor vis-à-vis the degree of language transfer generated. This pedagogical dimension is explained in terms of three different levels of analysis, and two concrete studies are described, as experimental evidence. In the last section, a Pedagogical Threshold Hypothesis is finally presented as a logical development of the ideas exposed.
El oficio de docente en las novelas de Pérez Galdós / The teacher labour in the novels of Pérez Galdós
Authors: Montero Pedrera Ana Maria
Published: April 2024

ResumenEste artículo analiza el oficio de docente en las novelas contemporáneas de Pérez Galdós.  En ellas describe innumerables temas y personajes, entre ellos los maestros y maestras, con los que ejemplifica diversos tipos humanos con características bien definidas.Se ha usado el método histórico-educativo para el estudio y en los modelos hallados hay docentes bondadosos, con reminiscencias krausistas, como Máximo Manso en El amigo Manso; ramplones y faltos de vocación como José Ido en Tormento. Sublimes maestras como Atenaida, en La razón de la sinrazón; o doña Lupe, avara e impostora, en Fortunata y Jacinta. Pero, hemos hallado valores en el Magisterio; noble profesión, maltratada tradicionalmente por la sociedad y por los poderes públicos. AbstractAbstract: This article discusses the teaching profession in Pérez Galdós’ contemporary novels. It describes many topics and characters, including teachers, with who exemplifies various human types with defined characteristics. The historical educational method is been used for the analysis. In the models found there are caring teachers, with Krausists reminiscences as Máximo Manso in El amigo Manso; Simples and with a lack of vocation as José Ido in Torment. Sublime teachers as Atenaida, in La razón de la sinrazón; or Dona Lupe, greedy and impostor, in Fortunata y Jacinta. But we have in the Magisterium values; noble profession, traditionally mistreated by society and by the government.
Tréboles de cuatro hojas. Escritoras decimonónicas en el canon literario y en el canon escolar (1900-1949) / Four-leaf clovers . Nineteenth-century writers in the literary canon and school canon (1900-1949)
Authors: Gutiérrez Sebastián Raquel
Published: April 2024

Resumen del artículo: El artículo aborda el estudio de la visión y valoración de las escritoras del siglo XIX en las historias literarias a lo largo de las primeras décadas del siglo XX y estudia además cómo se trataron estas escritoras en antologías escolares y libros de texto, analizando su repercusión en la educación literaria de los receptores de esos momentos.Abstract: The article discusses the study of vision and evaluation of the writers of the nineteenth century literary along the first decades of the twentieth century stories and also studies how these writers were treated in school anthologies and textbooks, analyzing their impact on literary education of the recipients of those moments.
La leyenda de Gösta Berling: una propuesta didáctica desde la interrelación Literatura/Cine / Gösta Berlings Saga: a teaching proposal from the interaction Literature / Cinema
Authors: García-Manso Angélica
Published: April 2024

Resumen: El presente estudio tiene como objetivo trazar una estrategia didáctica para potenciar la lectura de los grandes clásicos de la Literatura Universal en el aula de enseñanza obligatoria. La propuesta se concretiza en la aproximación a la novelista sueca Selma Lagerlöff –la primera mujer Premio Nobel de Literatura– a través de la película La leyenda de Gösta Berling (Gösta Berlings Saga, 1924), dirigida por Mauritz Stiller y considerada una de las obras maestras del cine silente nórdico. Mediante esta guía de lectura-visionado, los alumnos pueden analizar un aspecto tan inédito como es el reflejo de la palabra en el cine mudo. Desde esta perspectiva, la relación interdisciplinar Literatura/Cine se percibe como una herramienta pedagógica polivalente, al menos en un doble sentido: por una parte, proporcionar a los adolescentes unos conocimientos literarios que el currículo no contempla; de otro, iniciarlos en la praxis de un análisis audiovisual cada vez más omnipresente y demandado.

Palabras clave: material didáctico; literatura escandinava; leyenda; historia del cine; actividad fuera del programa.

 

Abstract: The present study aims to draw a teaching strategy to enhance the reading of the great classics of World Literature in the classroom of compulsory education. Our specific proposal is the approach to the Swedish novelist Selma Lagerlöff –the first woman Nobel Prize for Literature– through the movie Gösta Berlings Saga (1924), directed by Mauritz Stiller and considered one of the masterpieces of Nordic silent film. By this reader-viewing guide, students can analyze an unknown aspect such as the reflection of the word in silent cinema. From this perspective, interdisciplinary relationship between Literature / Film is perceived as a versatile educational tool, at least in two ways: firstly, to provide adolescents with a literary knowledge that the curriculum does not provide; otherwise, to introduce them to the practice of an audiovisual analysis which is greater and greater.

Keywords: teaching materials; Scandinavian literature; legends; history of cinema; extracurricular activities.
Protocol for Nuclei Isolation and Automated 10X Genomics Single Cell 5' Gene Expression for Human Ovary Explants v1
Authors: Martin Nicolas
Published: April 2024

This is the 10X Genomics Automated Single Cell 5' Gene Expression protocol using nuclei suspension isolated from fresh frozen human ovary explants. The Chromium Connect (PN-1000171) was used from Gem generation to final gene expression libraries.
CODA (part 5): nuclear coordinate generation | HuBMAP | JHU-TMC v1
Authors: Sang Han Kyu , Wu Pei-Hsun , Sunshine Joel , Kiemen Ashley , Reddy Sashank , Wirtz Denis
Published: April 2024

In this section, generate nuclear coordinates on thehigh-resolution H&E images through color deconvolution and identificationof two-dimensional intensity minimums in the hematoxylin channels of the images(corresponding to the dark blue nuclei). This calculation is done on thehigh-resolution tif images saved inside pth10x. Note on cell detection: It is important that the cellcoordinates are generated on unregistered images, as warping caused by theregistration process can cause inaccuracies in nuclear detection performed onthe registered images. Instead, detect coordinates on the unregistered images,then apply the registration transformations to the cell coordinates todetermine their positions in registered space.
CODA (part 2): calculate registration on low-resolution tissue images | HuBMAP | JHU-TMC v1
Authors: Sang Han Kyu , Wu Pei-Hsun , Sunshine Joel , Kiemen Ashley , Reddy Sashank , Wirtz Denis
Published: April 2024

CODA workflow part 2. Calculate registration on low-resolution tissue images
Off-Balance Sheet and Bank Behavior: Does Market Power Matter?
Authors:   People & Global Business Association, V Ignatia Ryana Widyatini
Published: April 2024

Purpose: This paper examines the significant effect of off-balance sheets (OBS) on earnings management in the banking industry in Indonesia. Furthermore, this study also examines the role of market power as a moderating variable that moderates the relationship between off-balance sheet activities and earnings management. Design/methodology/approach: The off-balance sheet is measured through loan commitment facilities by observing the unused commitment facilities. Moreover, earnings management is measured through discretionary loan loss provisions (DLLP) by seeing the policy management makes in forming loan loss provisions (LLP) as income reduction accounts on the income statement. Multiple regression testing is used to measure the significant effect of off-balance sheet activities on discretionary behavior in LLP and the role of market power as a moderating variable. Findings: The study results show that off-balance sheet activity and market power are related to earnings management. Off-balance sheets have a positive effect on earnings management. Conversely, market power has a negative effect on earnings management. Another finding found that market power weakens the relationship between off-balance sheets and earnings management. Research limitations/implications: This research did not conduct an overall analysis of off-balance sheet exposure in banking financial statements. Thus, future research on total commitments and contingencies such as letters of credit and bank guarantees will be interesting to examine. Originality/value: Previous studies have observed LLP in earnings management and competition policies. However, they had not examined the relationship between the practice of earnings management through LLP toward off-balance sheets and market competition. Therefore, the research gap will be discussed in this study. In addition, the research has two contributions, the first is related to earnings management literature in the banking industry and the second is to assess whether higher bank market power tends to influence earnings management practices through off-balance sheet activities.
PARTICIPATION OF DEFENDER IN THE APPLICATION OF MEASURES TO ENSURE CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS IN THE PRE-TRIAL INVESTIGATION OF CRIMINAL OFFENSES
Authors:   Kharkiv National University of of Internal Affairs, Kharkiv, Ukraine, Kucher V. O. , Kryshtafovych O. Y. ,   The Scientific Institute of Public Law, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: April 2024

Practices of defense counsel’s participation in pre-trial investigation of criminal offenses when applying measures to ensure criminal proceedings. The purpose of the article is to study the problematic issues of defense counsel’s participation in the pre-trial investigation of criminal offenses when applying measures to ensure criminal proceedings and to substantiate scientific proposals for their solution. It is proved that participation of a defense counsel in the pre-trial investigation of criminal offenses during the application of measures to ensure criminal proceedings is one of his/her main powers to implement the criminal procedural function of defense in criminal proceedings. The author emphasizes that the current CPC of Ukraine clearly defines the system of application of measures to ensure criminal proceedings, the grounds and procedure for their application. However, defense counsels, while exercising the defense function in the pre-trial investigation, in practice do not always take into account the specifics of application of each of such measures, do not always properly substantiate their legal position with evidence, and do not fully implement the theoretical developments of criminalists regarding the organization and tactics of defense counsel’s participation in the pre-trial investigation of criminal offenses when applying measures to ensure criminal proceedings. Based on the analysis of the results of the study of criminal proceedings, the author concludes that some defense counsels do not sufficiently substantiate their legal position when applying measures to ensure criminal proceedings with appropriate and sufficient evidence, which objectively does not allow the investigating judge to satisfy the defense counsel’s motion to apply certain measures of ensuring, change or cancel them. The author substantiates the position that in order to fully realize the defense function in the pre-trial investigation of criminal offenses when applying interim measures of criminal proceedings, the institute of attorney’s investigation should be introduced into the current CPC of Ukraine, which has already successfully functioned in various legal models of the world and has proven to be effective and an important tool for strengthening the adversarial principles of criminal proceedings at the pre-trial investigation.
EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGIES IN TEACHING PRACTICE – AN IMPORTANT TOOL FOR EDUCATION QUALITY IN HIGHER SCHOOLS
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, KUZMENKO Nadiia
Published: April 2024

The article raises the question of the importance of using educational technologies (information, cooperative learning, modeling, projective, etc.) by teachers of higher schools, which are an important tool for the effectiveness of the educational process and its quality control. The contribution of domestic researchers to the study of the problem of using educational technologies is analyzed. The essence of the concepts "educational technology" and "pedagogical technology" is revealed. Educational technologies identify the general strategy for the development of education, a single educational space; their purpose is to forecast the development of education, its specific design and planning, prediction of results, as well as determination of standards corresponding to educational goals. Educational technologies are a broad concept that includes pedagogical technologies, which include educational, educational technologies and management technologies. Educational technologies are also socio-educational and information-communication technologies, which are end-to-end, cross all selected groups of technologies, are used in education, education (social education) and management. Attention is paid to determining the essence and features of the use of project technology in teaching practice, an example is given, the basic requirements for the organization of students' project activities and the teacher's role in this process are prescribed, and the conditions for the development of an educational project are defined. During the study of educational disciplines of the pedagogical cycle, teachers most often use informational, research, creative projects; in terms of content, they can be interdisciplinary, extracurricular and mono-subject; according to the method of implementation, projects are classified into individual and collective (pair, group). Project technology provides a transition from traditional educational technologies to a new type of learning, strengthens its developmental nature, provides for joint, justified, planned and conscious activities of partners.
New media and their role in promoting a music product
Authors:   Kyiv National University of Culture and Arts, Fedosenko Karina
Published: April 2024

Modern culture develops in close connection with digital technologies. Due to the fact that the Internet is now global in nature and covers various areas of human production, its comprehensive use is an urgent need for various industries. The use of social networks as an element of Internet marketing is highly effective, because they are flexible and available around the clock. The range of information that can be distributed in social networks is wide, including video, audio, and verbal texts. The cost of such distribution of media content will be extremely low, and at the same time, the circle of recipients, that can be reached, is quite a lot. Thanks to tracking, which consists in analyzing the behavior of website visitors, it is possible to understand ways to improve products. Targeting itself forms the practice of delivering advertising to the target audience. And besides, it is possible to shape virtual communities, groups that will be interested in consuming a media product. As a result of the Covid-19 pandemic, there have been changes in the music industry. The cancellation of concert activities, and the organization of different awards, contributed to the increase in the number of listening to music content with the help of specialized platforms. Social networks have also become a relevant tool for content distribution. Among the resources that increase the interest of performers is the practice of streaming. In fact, streaming is an online version of live broadcasting, that is a live reproduction of events that take place somewhere in the world and is offered for remote viewing. The only difference is that broadcasting used to be possible through radio and TV networks, but streaming is a streaming online transmission. Typically, this requires a certain streaming platform. This is the name of the service, which is used to transfer content from the provider to the user. At the same time, there is no need to download the content that is being broadcast. Real-time transmission allows you to receive video and audio content. Similar opportunities are available on such platforms as YouTube live, Instagram, TikTok, Twitch, Periscope, Facebook live. A number of them are focused mostly on game content and its distribution.
Vinculación de la creatividad y los pensamientos automáticos perfeccionistas en maestros en formación
Authors: Aparicio Flores María del Pilar , Fernández-Sogorb Aitana , Esteve Faubel Rosa Pilar , Gonzálvez Carolina
Published: April 2024

El estudio de la creatividad ha ido en aumento, considerando los beneficios que aporta en la educación tanto por lo que respecta al alumnado como al profesorado. No obstante, la creatividad no solo involucra aspectos motivacionales, sino también cognición y emoción. Por ese motivo, es importante contemplar este tipo de aspectos en los futuros maestros. En este sentido, tras la alta prevalencia observada de pensamientos automáticos perfeccionistas (PAP) en los futuros maestros, asociados a variables de carácter desadaptativo, se estima necesario observar el vínculo de la creatividad y los PAP. Para ello, con una muestra de 788 futuros maestros de Infantil y Primaria (M = 20,49; DE = 1,78), en la que se observó una mayor proporción de chicas con altos PAP se hallaron correlaciones positivas y significativas entre PAP y creatividad, así como diferencias en todos los factores de la creatividad, a excepción de la científica mecánica, puntuando más alto en creatividad (d = entre 0,20 y 0,36). También se halló una capacidad predictiva de PAP conforme aumenta la creatividad. En conclusión, teniendo en cuenta la limitada literatura y controversia por lo que respecta a los estudios en este sentido, se estima la relación entre estas variables.
Justification of usability of the heat accumulator of phase transition in vehicles’ engines pre-start warming-up procedure
Authors: Kolunin Alexander V. , Kaminsky Valery N. , Apelinsky Dmitry  V. , Lazarev Evgeny  S. , Korytov Mikhail S.
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND: The trend of activity increase in exploration of transpolar areas has been observed for recent years. Negative temperatures, the key feature of the North, have a negative impact on state of piston engines of on-ground transport. In engine’s cylinders, the process of transition of liquid fuel in gaseous state goes before the mixture ignition. Negative temperatures affect the phase transition process and impede the working body homogenization. Therefore, engine pre-start warming-up procedure goes before successful engine start. Existing typical methods of pre-start warming-up demand fuel consumption and, generally, significant staff resources. Achievements of modern science offer new technologies for solving the issues of warming-up procedures based on accumulating, storage and deployment of heat energy produces by an engine during its operation.
AIM: Justification of usability of the heat accumulator of phase transition in pre-start warming-up procedure for vehicles’ engines operating in conditions of negative temperatures of cold climate.
METHODS: Numerical values of heat accumulator charging period depending on temperature of heat-accumulating material at various initial temperatures of coolant as well as values of the discharging period depending on temperature of heat-accumulating material at various coolant rates were defined experimentally. High-density polyethylene was used as a heat-accumulating material.
RESULTS: As a result of the described experiment, curves of heat accumulator charging period depending on heat-accumulating material temperature at various initial temperatures of coolant and curves of heat accumulator discharging period depending on coolant temperature at various coolant rates were built.
CONCLUSIONS: It is found that the heat accumulator of phase transition with high-density polyethylene as a heat-accumulating material can be used for improving the reliability of vehicles’ piston engine start in conditions of negative temperatures of cold climate.
A casuistic case of ignoring an expert opinion by the court conclusions about the absence of drug use disorder diagnosis
Authors: Mendelevich Владимир D.
Published: March 2024

The article cites the case of Dmitry A., who was detained by the police on the street on suspicion of using cannabinoids and sent for a medical examination for intoxication, which he refused. The judge found Dmitry guilty and ordered him to be examined at a drug treatment clinic. Based on the results of an inpatient examination, despite the absence of mental disorders, somatic consequences of episodic cannabinoid use and the absence of pathological changes according to laboratory tests, he was diagnosed with "harmful use of cannabinoids". Dmitry was placed under preventive observation. During the court-ordered forensic psychiatric examination at the Serbsky Center (Moscow), the drug diagnosis was not confirmed. However, the expert opinion was ignored at the court hearing. The author analyzes the frequency and validity of the diagnosis of "harmful use of psychoactive substances" and concludes that the case of Dmitry A. may become a precedent.
Robot-assisted bladder diverticulum removal in a 10-year-old child
Authors: Kozlov Yuri A. , Poloyan Simon S. , Sapukhin Eduard V. , Strashinsky Alexey S. , Makarochkina Marina V. , Marchuk Andrey A. , Rozhansky Alexander P. , Byrgazov Anton A. , Muravyov Sergey A. , Narkevich Artem N.
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND: Bladder diverticulum are hernias of the bladder mucosa that prolapse through a detrusor defect. Diverticulectomy is the treatment of choice for this disease. Surgical methods to implement this principle include open, laparoscopic and robotic approaches. In the present study, we outline our own technique for performing robotic diverticulectomy and report its short-term results.
CLINICAL CASE DESCRIPTION: The study reports one case of bladder diverticulectomy performed with a robot-assisted technique in a 10-year-old boy. The diagnosis of the disease was established using voiding cystourethrography, cystoscopy and X-ray computed urography. The patient had robot-assisted bladder diverticulectomy using transperitoneal extravesical access. At the final stage of the study, short-term outcomes of the robot-assisted procedure were evaluated. The duration of the operation was 100 minutes. No intraoperative and postoperative complications were observed. The urinary catheter was removed the day after the operation. The duration of the patient's stay in the hospital was 7 days. Histological examination showed signs corresponding to a false diverticulum of the bladder with the presence of single muscle fibers in its structure. The ureteral stent was removed one month after the operation. After removal of the stent, control voiding cystography was performed, which demonstrated the absence of bladder contour deformation at the site of surgical procedure.
CONCLUSION: Robot-assisted bladder diverticulectomy is a technically feasible approach to the treatment of congenital bladder diverticulum.
A clinical case of surgical treatment of a large kidney cyst in a 9-year-old girl with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease
Authors: Oganisyan Anna A. , Vrublevskiy Artem S. , Valiev Revaz Y. , Turov Filipp O. , Khanov Mamay M. , Vrublevskiy Sergey G. , Vrublevskaya Elena N.
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND: Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease is currently the most common inherited form of cystic kidney disease, the frequency of which is about 1 per 400–1000 newborns, what makes the problem relevant. Its progressive course in patients with polycystic disease is primarily associated with the ischemic component, the severity of which depends on the number, location and size of cysts. Arterial hypertension, which is an autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease complication, plays a leading role in renal failure progression. Given the current lack of specific treatment, the main therapeutic goal is to prevent complications, postpone the development of renal failure. Therefore, if there are large and giant cysts, surgical treatment is an effective modality and should be performed in a timely manner.
CLINICAL CASE DESCRIPTION: The authors present a clinical case of a successful endovideosurgical cyst excision in a -year-old patient with a giant cyst in the right kidney, autosomal dominant polycystic disease, and hypertension of renal genesis.
Endovideosurgical cystectomy in the patient with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease has become an important pathogenetic link in the treatment of this pathology. Currently, the patient is under dynamic follow-up for more than one year. During the follow-up period, the patient demonstrates relief of urinary syndrome in the form of disappeared haematuria, stabilization of albuminuria indices, improvement of blood flow parameters in the renal parenchyma, as well as stabilization of arterial pressure.
CONCLUSION: The given clinical example demonstrates that reasonable surgical intervention with the choice of a rational method of access, taking into account the anatomical localization and size of the cystic formation, allowed to obtain a good result in the form of stabilization of renal hemodynamics in a patient with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease.
Institutional Gaslighting: How Institutions Distort our Reality
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Litvintsev Denis B. ,   Novosibirsk State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Litvintseva Galina P. ,   Novosibirsk State Technical University
Published: April 2024

Prince Charles' allegations of institutional gaslighting against Buckingham Palace in 2022 sparked an extensive discussion around a phenomenon that, until this event, was considered predominantly psychological in academia. The authors of this article, relying mostly on socio-cultural and institutional approaches, also abandon the strictly psychological interpretation of gaslighting as a form of violence in favor of an interdisciplinary approach. This made it possible to identify the foundations and features of institutional gaslighting, studied by scientists in economics and management, healthcare, science and education, politics, etc. The article also reveals the tools for implementing institutional gaslighting in various spheres of social life. As a result, the authors conclude that the key feature of institutional gaslighting is the ability of the institutions themselves to change the mental environment and influence the perception of reality. This was actually ruled out, for example, by D. North, who denied institutions independent existence. In addition, the authors consider gaslighting not just as an institutional betrayal, but as a dysfunction of any institution, one of the most important functions of which is to limit and control violence in society.
To the Question of the Conjunction of the Cognitive Potential of the Dialectical Method and the Systematic Approach
Authors:   Southern Federal University, Grechko Mikhail V. , Stasev Mikhail A. ,   Southern Federal University
Published: April 2024

The presented text is devoted to the study, systematization and integration of economic knowledge in the aspect of researching the possibilities of coupling the cognitive potential of the dialectical method and systems approach in the context of identifying the features of the evolution process of complex weakly structured macro-objects, which are in different phase states of their being. As a scientific goal, the problem of researching the possible limits and potential of applying the dialectical method and the system approach in the context of identifying the features of the process of evolution of economic systems, mediated by the phase nature of the process of social production. Based on the cognitive potential of the dialectical method, system analysis, supplemented by certain elements of the method of ascent from the abstract to the concrete, it is proved that the conjunction of the cognitive potential of these tools, ultimately allows a comprehensive qualitative presentation of the evolution of economic systems; the approach proposed by the authors fully fits into the synergistic paradigm of modern science, as its basis is the study of qualitative transformations in macroobjects, that are in a dynamic nonequilibrium state, for which the multivariate nature of elements is inherent.
Evolution of CBDC in the Context of the Institutional Theory of Money
Authors:   Southern Federal University, Maskaev Artem I. , Zakharova Dar'ya S. ,   Southern Federal University, Tsygankov Sergey S. ,   Southern Federal University
Published: April 2024

There is currently a lot of discussion about the economic essence and differences between cryptocurrencies and other forms of digital money. An analysis of modern forms of money interpretations within national and international financial institutions also showed that approving an established typology is premature. The article proposes to look at the process of evolution of money from the point of view of the institutional theory of money. Accordingly, the variety of modern forms of money is due to varying degrees of control over the possibilities of issuing and establishing the rules for the functioning of money on the part of the payment community. Suppose the emergence of cryptocurrencies makes it possible to include a large part of the payment community in the decision-making process about the future of the payment system. In that case, central bank digital currencies (CBDCs) are, on the contrary, the highest form of alienation of the payment community, in which all questions of the existence of money are concentrated in the hands of the Central Bank. Even the existence of the banking system, traditionally involved in money circulation, becomes unnecessary. At the same time, the authors also examine the positive consequences of the gradual implementation of blockchain-based central bank digital currency in the Russian public procurement system.
Industry 5.0: Challenges and Opportunities for Sustainable Development of Russian Industry
Authors:   Scientific and Educational Center ", Laskova Daria S. ,   Promising Solutions in Education",   Southern Federal University, Kosolapova Natalia A. ,   Southern Federal University
Published: April 2024

The implementation of the task of economic and social development at the present stage of social progress by the state is entrusted to innovative technologies used in various fields. The most advanced, competitive, allowing to promote the economy into Industry 5.0, technical and technological innovations become an effective lever for the formation of a steadily growing economic system. The selection of such innovations takes place according to well-defined parameters, among which the return on scale is important. Institutional and evolutionary economics, based on the position of the influence of institutions with specified properties on the behavior of market actors, determine the mandatory increasing effect of using high technologies for the successful development of industry as the basis of the country's economic economy. The paper presents an argument supporting this position in the manufacturing sector and the industry of a "new" type – the knowledge economy. But defining the criteria for promotion to Industry 5.0 is not enough to form tactics for the transition to a new high-tech stage of development. Innovative goals and intellectual technological tasks in the field of industry are being created and implemented in Russia. As part of this, priority areas of economic modernization are being implemented at the level of industrial policy, which makes it possible to respond to the challenges arising adequately and successfully in the paradigm of modern technological innovations.
ŞİZOFRENİDE BAKIM YÜKÜ: “ONU BENDEN SONRAYA BIRAKMA”
Authors: Atalay Zeynep , Tamkoç Betül , Yıldız Hülya
Published: April 2024

Şizofreni, bireylerin yaşamlarını özerk bir şekilde sürdürebilmelerine engel olan ruhsal hastalıklardan biridir. Şizofreni tanısı alan hastalar, kendi öz bakımları ve sosyal hayata katılımları noktasında zorluklar yaşamakta ve başka birinin bakım ve desteğine gereksinim duyabilmektedirler. Bu bakım ve destek çoğunlukla kişilerin aileleri tarafından sağlanmaktadır. Ancak bakım vermek karmaşık bir süreçtir ve kişinin bakım yükü yaşamasına sebep olabilmektedir. Şizofreni tanısı almış bireylere bakım veren aile üyelerinin bakım yüklerinin belirlenmesi ve gereksinimlerinin tespit edilmesi amacıyla nitel desende tasarlanan bu araştırmada, amaçlı rasgele örnekleme ile 15 katılımcıya ulaşılmıştır. Yüz yüze yapılan görüşmeler sonunda katılımcıların nesnel ve öznel bakım yükü ile karşı karşıya kaldıkları görülmüştür. Bakım verme süreciyle ilgili sorunların; ekonomik yük, bakım verenlerin fiziksel ve ruhsal sağlık problemleri ve sosyal damgalanma olduğu anlaşılmıştır. Bunun yanı sıra bakım verenlerin kendilerine bir şey olması halinde hastalarına ne olacağı ve kimin bakacağına dair kaygıları bulunmaktadır. Çalışma kapsamında şizofreni tanısı almış bireyin ve bakım verenlerin sosyal hayata katılımlarını artırmaya yönelik eğitimler, faaliyetler ve ruhsal hastalıklara özgü sosyal yardım sistemlerinin geliştirilmesi önerilmektedir.
Population pharmacokinetic study of imipramine in Taiwan people healthy volunteers
Authors: Cho Hsu Yung , Chang Hsiao Shu , Wen Huang Hong , Yang Ho Ping , Yi Lin Ching , Chun Chuang Ta
Published: April 2024

Imipramine is an antidepressant drug (ADs) that shows therapeutic efficacy in a maximum of 60–80% of patients who have experienced a major depressive episode (unipolar or bipolar). The purpose of the study was to investigate the pharmacokinetics of a multi-oral dose of Imipramine 25 mg tablet in a Taiwan healthy population. The study was a standard two-way, crossover, randomized, and single dose daily for 5 days study with a two-week washout period in 30 healthy volunteers who received 25 mg imipramine tablets (test and reference formulation). After drug administration, blood samples were taken according to the planned times over a period of 24 hours. The plasma concentrations of Imipramine were determined using the validated high-performance liquid chromatography method with ultraviolet detection. All the pharmacokinetic parameters for Imipramine in healthy volunteers were calculated using nonlinear mixed-effect modeling and standard non-compartmental methods. Values (relative standard error (RSE) %) for first-order absorption rate constant (Ka), oral clearance (Cl/F), and apparent volume of distribution (Vd/F) were 1.05 (7.11) 1/h, 6.99(0.27) L/h, and 71.7.9(4.80) L. The median for the time to peak plasma Imipramine concentration (Tmax) for the test and reference drug was 2(1.1-4) hours and 4(1.9-5) hours respectively. In conclusion, the imipramine pharmacokinetic model in the Taiwan healthy population was similar to other studied populations.
A Paradigm Shift in Cancer Staging - Seeing the Unseen with Circulating Tumor Cell Measurement
Authors: Khan Akbar
Published: April 2024

The U.S. National Cancer Institute (NCI) defines the stage of cancer as the extent of cancer, with categories that reflect tumor size and tumor spread. Staging is meant to assist physicians to understand the seriousness of the cancer (for example chance of survival), and to select the best treatment plan to achieve optimal outcomes. By way of clinical experience, physicians understand that there are significant limitations of the current staging system. It is not unusual, for example, to see patients deemed to have a favorable prognosis or limited disease (by standard accepted staging), who develop early disease recurrence and distant spread. By examining the staging model more closely, it becomes clear that there is a serious omission: modern staging systems only factor in local invasion, micro and macroscopic lymphatic spread and macroscopic spread, while failing entirely to measure hematogenous spread. In recent years, new techniques have been developed that measure and quantify microscopic hematogenous spread, namely circulating tumor cell (CTC) identification and quantification. Hematogenous spread is a well-recognized phenomenon, and extensive data already exists which correlates CTC counts with disease recurrence and patient survival for many solid tumor types. Therefore a revision to the cancer staging system to include hematogenous spread is proposed. It is suggested that the new classification category "Hematogenous" (H) be adopted and measured through the routine use of CTC testing. This addition could result in a significant impact on patient survival for a wide range of cancer types.
Task-oriented arm strength training in children with cerebral palsy. A randomized controlled trial protocol and exercise program for functional strength training based on progressive resistance exercise principles
Authors: Rameckers Eugene , Haan Coen , Meeuwsen Ingrid
Published: April 2024

Objective: To compare the effectiveness of Task-Oriented Arm Strength training in children with Cerebral Palsy (TOAST-CP), using Progressive Resistance Exercise principles with manual skill learning in improving the performance of manual daily activities in children with spastic Cerebral Palsy. Methods/Design: This multicenter randomized controlled trial investigates the effectiveness of TOAST-CP in children with spastic Cerebral Palsy, involving 50 participants aged 8-18 years. Participants are recruited from rehabilitation centers. Eligible participants are randomly allocated to either TOAST-CP or usual care related to manual skill learning. Intervention: The participants of the intervention group performed a TOAST-CP program, based on individual goals and guided by a progressive resistance exercise algorithm. The control group receives the usual care related to the manual skill learning program. TOAST-CP consists of an individual-based 30-minute session, three times a week over 16 weeks. A specific exercise program is developed. Outcome: Outcome is measured at baseline at eight weeks, 16 weeks (end of training), three, and six months after training. As a primary outcome, the Assisting Hand Assessment is used. Secondary outcomes are task-oriented strength measures and muscle strength measures of the upper limb. The Observation and Scoring of Arm Hand Skills (performance and amount of use of both hands), the ABILHAND (-Kids), and the Jebsen Taylor Hand Function test (speed of hand use) are measured. The most important needs and goals for the child and his/her parents are scored by Canadian Occupational Performance Measure and Goal Attainment Scaling.
Innovation in Ulnar Deviation Orthosis using Parametric Design and Additive Manufacturing New orthosis concept
Authors: Elui Valéria , Goia Daniela , Saconi Felipe , Fonseca Marisa , Medola Fausto , Fortulan Carlos
Published: April 2024

Background: Technologies of additive manufacturing (AM) enable the creation of parts with suitable finish and resistance, including those with complex geometries, which allows custom design and rapid manufacturing solutions at reliable cost, thus making possible its application to orthotic and therapeutic devices in rehabilitation practice. Objective: To introduce the development of computer-designed orthotic tools through parametrization for manufacturing of custom dynamic orthoses for ulnar deviation. Methods: The methodology consisted of two stages, with the first involving the development of parametric design methodology and the second involving the project evolution from the evaluation with 23 participants. Results: The final design had six components with 10 reference measurements from the hand to the arm, whose data were entered into an electronic spreadsheet (MS Excel) so that the CAD software could automatically redraw the parts in a few seconds. The parts were manufactured by using FDM (Fused Deposition Modeling) in about 10 hours, including 15 minutes for assembly and adjustments. Discussion: The choice of this new methodology came from the need to have a tool that could be easy to handle by therapists in any clinic setting, and also enable the therapist to use her/his skills to evaluate and provide functional training of the kinetic orthosis, without the need to have specific skills or materials to manufacture the device. Conclusion: The parametric orthosis project was successful at different levels of deformity, providing ulnar deviation correction and enabling full wrist and finger flexion/extension without causing any disturbance during daily activities. Although the initial project was costly in relation to the reference version due to the high demand for therapists and the industrial designer, the parametric versions become economic as the cost impact is focused only on the digital manufacturing.
Association of Body Mass Index and Abdominal Obesity with Myocardial Infarction: We Reveal Confounding Factors that Historically Distorted Causal Inferences
Authors: Castellanos Angel
Published: April 2024

Cardiovascular diseases, mainly myocardial infarction and stroke, are the leading cause of death globally. Therefore, epidemiological research seems necessary to prevent cardiovascular events and mortality. However, real-world data from obesity metrics has intrinsic limitations for the assessment of causality. Despite of historical studies showing that the body mass index (BMI), the waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and the waist circumference (WC) have been associated with increased risk of myocardial infarction, they might not be accurate from a causal inference. Our aim was to summarize historical and novel findings about obesity metrics and myocardial infarction to evidence causal association biases. Method: an epidemiological review study was conducted while being original research when adding new anthropometrics in study design. Mathematical inequalities between the simple body measurements in anthropometrically healthy adults were described. Mean values and cut-offs for classic and several newer anthropometric variables were established. Classic metrics, ratios between the means of the simple measurements, a modulus |x| as a result of subtracting some measurement means from others (e.g., mean fat free mass minus fat mass) and somatotype ratings were collated. Mathematically, a non-zero difference for each modulus |x| in any population study would indicate an unbalanced distribution of the measurements between groups being compared, and therefore, the risk exposure levels differing. Thus, when between-groups the high-risk body compositions and somatotype ratings differ, any metric-associated risk is biased from a causal inference. After investigating large epidemiological studies, the historical omission of key anthropometric variables is stated, and as being uncontrolled confounding factors distorted causal inferences. Therefore, a protective overestimate of fat free mass and hip circumference over fat mass and WC, respectively, always occurred. Similarly, when the waist-to-height ratio values of >0.5 are associated; a protective underestimate of height over WC occurs. Any metric-associated risk is biased if prediction is made from WC or technologically measured body compositions without accounting for relative risk volume measures. In conclusion, summarizing the historical and novel findings regarding risk prediction, BMI, WHR and WC alone show evidence of causal association biases because of high-risk body compositions and risk exposure levels always differ between the groups being compared.
The speed of Sars-CoV-2 infection in employees of an academic hospital before vaccine acces
Authors: Bergonzoli Gustavo , Tinoco Z Felipe-José , Bolivar Sandra
Published: April 2024

Objective. Study aimed to estimate the speed of SARS-CoV2 infection according to healthcare workers’ jobs at hospital. Methodology. A prospective cohort study was conducted. The ANOVA procedure was used to evaluate the differences among three different hospital job types and the Kaplan-Meier procedure to estimate the median speed of infection. Results. There was difference between the frequency of Sars-CoV-2 infection between women’s cumulative incidence rate of 27.7% compared to that of men at 22.3%, Chi2 = 4.24 DF = 1, p = 0.04. The average age of the three work groups (Clinicians, administrative staff, and maintenance workers) showed also difference (F Snedecor = 19.2 DF = 2, p = 0.000). There was no statistically significant difference regarding the speed of SARS-CoV-2 infection according to sex (Log Rank = 0.02 DF = 1, p = 0.89). In addition, there was no difference regarding the speed of infection according to the hospital job performed (Log Rank = 3.74 DF = 2, p = 0.15). Conclusions. Infection tends to be more frequent among women. There is no difference in infection speed among sexes, nor among jobs performed. Infection prevention measures must be reinforced, to avoid contagion and prevent its spread within the hospital.