bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research of Protective Elements of Technological Equipment and Equipment of Motor Transport Enterprises
Authors:   Ternopil National Technical University named after Ivan Pulyu, Hevko Ivan , Hud Victor ,   Ternopil National Technical University named after Ivan Pulyu, Levkovich Mykhailo ,   Ternopil National Technical University named after Ivan Pulyu, Gypka Andrii ,   Ternopil National Technical University named after Ivan Pulyu, Hevko Bohdan ,   Ternopil National Technical University named after Ivan Pulyu, Sipravska Maria ,   Ternopil National Technical University named after Ivan Pulyu, Teslia Volodymyr ,   Ternopil National Technical University named after Ivan Pulyu
Published: December 2023

Protective equipment is used in any equipment of motor vehicle enterprises, both to protect the equipment itself to reduce damage and for the worker. The protective elements of the equipment must provide high indicators of reliability and accuracy, therefore the purpose of this article is to conduct a study of these protective elements to improve their efficiency and reliability of operation when used on the equipment of motor vehicle enterprises. In the work, research on the design of protective couplings of various types, as well as experimental studies of the torque of the protective elements of these couplings. The places of use of these couplings were given with justification of their effectiveness and expediency in this equipment. Design schemes of these couplings are presented and the principles of their operation are described. Experimental studies of the torque depending on the design features of these couplings, calculations of the transmission of the maximum and minimum torque of the proposed protective couplings were carried out. Also, the experimental method was used to determine the indicators of the accuracy of operation due to the load on the protective elements of the proposed couplings, which showed good results. The proposed pulse-type coupling showed the possibility of load control without special design changes, which makes its use universal and effective in equipment. So, summing up, both experimental and theoretical studies can be concluded about the effectiveness of using these safety clutches in the equipment of motor vehicle enterprises. These protective clutches showed high indicators of accuracy and reliability of operation, which are confirmed by the results of research. Design features of the proposed protective couplings make their use universal, both for equipment with high load requirements and for mild loads, high accuracy of their operation makes them safe for workers.
Improving the Accuracy of Wheeled Vehicle Acceleration Estimation During Testing
Authors:   Kharkiv National Automobile and Highway University, Podryhalo Michael , Polyanskyi Olexand ,   Kharkiv National Automobile and Highway University, Dubinin Yevgeniy ,   Kharkiv National Automobile and Highway University, Klets Dmytro ,   Kharkiv National Automobile and Highway University, Baidala Vladyslava ,   Kharkiv National Automobile and Highway University, Krasnokutskyi Maksym ,   Kharkiv National Automobile and Highway University
Published: December 2023

The study considers the influence of installation errors during the installation of linear acceleration sensors on the accuracy of measurements during testing of wheeled vehicles, including the dynamic stability of the position. The possibility of automatic correction of these errors to improve measurement accuracy is considered. The work includes establishing the dependence of linear acceleration components on the angular deviations of the axes of the wheeled vehicle coordinate system and developing a method of automatic correction in real time to ensure high quality measurements and maintain the reliability of measurement systems.
Synthesis of Suspension of Motor Vehicles
Authors:   Ternopil National Technical University named after Ivan Pulyu, Нevko I.B. , Lyashuk O.L. ,   Ternopil National Technical University named after Ivan Pulyu, Rohatynskyi R.M. ,   Ternopil National Technical University named after Ivan Pulyu, Matviishyn A.Y. ,   Ternopil National Technical University named after Ivan Pulyu, Khoroshun R.V. ,   Ternopil National Technical University named after Ivan Pulyu
Published: December 2023

Abstract. In order to create progressive structures of car shock absorbers that would provide increased driving comfort and safety due to the absorption of shocks and vibrations that occur while driving on the road, we carried out their structural-schematic synthesis by the method of hierarchical groups with the help of morphological analysis. For this, the method of hierarchical grouping using morphological analysis was used and six basic types of suspension with original types of shock absorbers (hydraulic, hydropneumatic, pneumatic, magnetofluid, hydrovacuum and pneumovacuum type) were obtained. At the same time, the following basic morphological design features and elements were highlighted: a) depreciation principle, which includes the following features: type of depreciation principle; type of cushioning substance; hydraulic fluid flow holes in the piston (their area and number); number of cameras; location of cameras; the number of electromagnetic coils; b) a type of elastic element consisting of two main features, namely a spring, the structural features of which include the following features: construction; geometric section; rigidity; directionality; number; Location; and a pneumatic cylinder, the structural features of which include the following: geometric parameters; manageability (adaptability); construction; filling; rigidity; c) damping element, which includes the following features: location; number; material; combination; structural parameters. The total number of basic generated vehicle suspension options will be 167 options, and the number of base options depending on the type of damping principle will range from 96 to 148 options. Thus, when generating the constructions of individual types of suspension of a motor vehicle with the main types of designed shock absorbers, the design features and elements from the morphological table were divided according to each type of shock absorbers, which made it possible to generate the corresponding number of their basic variants. In particular, the number of basic variants of the hydraulic type car suspension is 130 units, hydropneumatic type - 148 units, pneumatic type - 96 units, magnetofluid type - 133 units, hydrovacuum type - 130 units and pneumovacuum type - 96 units. USING this synthesis method, we developed and researched structures of hydropneumatic shock absorbers with an active pneumatic cylinder and damping elements, which, compared to traditional racks, had high adaptability and vibration resistance. It was experimentally proven that the developed shock absorbers with an active pneumatic cylinder and damping elements act as vibration dampers to a large extent.
Enhancement of Automotive Diesel Engine Performance Through the Addition of Hydrogen Catalytic Additive
Authors:   Cherkasy State Technological University, Tarandushka L.A. , Shalapko D. O. ,   Cherkasy State Technological University
Published: December 2023

The aim of the study is to present a new proposed method for improving the efficiency of transportation diesel engines. Considering the rising cost of transportation, where 80% of the expenses are attributed to fuel costs, there is a necessity to develop methods for reducing fuel consumption. Among the main approaches are the use of alternative fuels or fuel additives. One of the most effective and promising options is the utilization of hydrogen, both as an alternative fuel and a fuel additive. Among the crucial factors significantly influencing the efficiency of hydrogen additives is the method of their delivery to the internal combustion engine. Injecting hydrogen during the engine's intake stroke, although a simple method, faces challenges in achieving precise engine control and poses risks due to the potential formation of an explosive mixture in the intake tract and subsequent ignition. A proposed solution involves introducing small hydrogen additives into the high-pressure fuel line, between the fuel pump and the injector. After the completion of the injection process in the high-pressure line, a "rarefaction wave" is generated. Utilizing this effect allows introducing a small amount of hydrogen into the diesel fuel. Hydrogen delivery is ensured by a special device equipped with a check valve that reacts to changes in pressure in the fuel line. Hydrogen, when introduced into the fuel, promotes improved combustion and increased engine efficiency. This results in a reduction in fuel consumption by 0.4 to 3.5% compared to nominal values, with particularly high fuel efficiency observed at partial load conditions, as well as during acceleration and maneuvers. It is worth noting the positive environmental impact of this technology. When adding hydrogen in a proportion of 0.1% of the fuel mass, a decrease in hydrocarbon emissions by 40–50% and carbon monoxide by 15–25% is observed. However, an increase in nitrogen oxide emissions by 3–7% has been identified, which is associated with a certain elevation of the maximum cycle temperature. Nevertheless, NOx emissions increase can be mitigated by implementing appropriate adjustments to the engine's operating parameters.
Mathematical modeling of the process of containerized cargo handling at terminals
Authors:   State Biotechnological University, Levkin Dmytro , Berezhna Natalija ,   State Biotechnological University, Kozenok Anna ,   State Biotechnological University, Babych Inna ,   State Biotechnological University
Published: December 2023

The article proposes a mathematical model of terminal cargo handling based on a probabilistic approach that takes into account the arrival of cargo at the terminal. The supplier-terminal-destination systems are systems with distributed parameters, which means that the optimization of the time spent by goods at the terminal and the quality of their material condition is ensured by the methods of vector parameter optimization. The authors reduce the dimensionality of the technical parameters of the transport system, after which they optimize the discretized parameters of the system. Using the results of the research in this article to optimize transportation and terminal cargo handling will increase the productivity of transportation and minimize economic losses due to cargo damage.
Assessment of the Capacity of the City Road Network Taking Into Account the Parking Offer
Authors:   National University of Water Management and Nature Management, Pashkevych S. , Nykonchuk V. ,   National University of Water Management and Nature Management, Krystopchuk M. ,   National University of Water Management and Nature Management
Published: December 2023

In order to improve the estimation of network capacity for a given urban road system, it is assumed that the impact of destination parking management strategies should be considered in the network capacity estimation model. This study presents an extended road network capacity model that takes into account both the number of parking spaces and parking rates in each traffic zone. The network capacity model is formulated as a two-level programming problem with maximizing the total trip generation at the upper level and the combined trip distribution and traffic assignment (CTDTA) problem at the lower level. In order to reasonably characterize the impact of parking pricing and parking delays due to congestion, the CTDTA model involves two classes of travel demand. An efficient and practical algorithm for solving the two-level network capacity model is presented. Numerical experiments show the advantages of the proposed model and demonstrate the impact of parking supply and pricing on the results of road network capacity assessment.
Information Systems and Computer Technologies in Transport
Authors:   KremenchukMykhailoOstrohradskyi National University, Kuziev Ihor , Kateryna Kovtsur ,   Kharkiv National Automobile and Road University
Published: December 2023

The article substantiates the necessity of using the information system as a powerful tool for ensuring the modern competitiveness of the motor vehicle enterprise in wartime. The research of domestic and foreign specialists on the issues of using information systems was analyzed. Modern computer information systems allow for continuous accounting and control of the state and movement of material, financial, and personnel resources at the auto enterprise, to receive quick information about the results of the auto enterprise in real time, to quickly prepare analytical documents, forecasts and works. Plans based on reliable and complete information about the company's activities, which is available at any time. Systematization of computer information, reduction of response time to all changes, optimization of the organizational structure of the auto enterprise, increase in the level of labor productivity, rationalization of the production structure, reduction of the volume of operational and management costs, increase in the level of effectiveness of management decisions due to the access of managers of all levels to a single computer information base. Computer information resources are one of the most important elements of the resource potential of the auto enterprise, which makes it possible to ensure the automation of all processes. It was found that information systems and technologies provide an opportunity to conduct continuous control and accounting for the condition and movement of goods and material, financial, as well as human resources at the auto enterprise, to receive information about the results of the auto enterprise's activities in the mode real time, quickly prepare analytical documents, forecasts and work plans based on reliable and complete information.
Development of the Methodology for Determining the Size of the Insurable Stock of Goods in the Transport and Logistics Chain to Increase the Competitiveness of the Enterprise
Authors:   Cherkasy State Technological University, Tarandushka L.A. , Tarandushka I.P. ,   Cherkasy State Technological University
Published: December 2023

The methodology of inventory management in the transport and logistics chain was developed based on the justification of organizational decisions, the characteristics of the inventory management system in the intermediate link of the logistics chain (regional transport and distribution center), which interacts with manufacturers, consumers and carriers of goods. The proposed method of determining the size of the insurance stock in the transport and logistics chain is an alternative to traditional methods that depend only on the time of late delivery due to the fault of the carrier. This allows not only to calculate the required size of the insurance stock in the system, but also to draw conclusions about the reliability of enterprises that supply and transport goods. Analysis of the necessary level reliability of the transport and logistics chain determines the quality of logistics service and allows taking into account the well-founded characteristics of the operation of the transport and logistics chain.The results of the study are proposed to be used in the process of optimizing the functioning of the enterprise in the market of goods sales.
Justification of the Parameters of Regular Microreliefs Formed on Flat Surfaces
Authors:   Ternopil Ivan Puluj National Technical University, Dzyura Volodymyr , Maruschak Petro ,   Ternopil Ivan Puluj National Technical University, Semehen Volodymyr ,   Ternopil Ivan Puluj National Technical University, Holovko Volodymyr ,   Ternopil Ivan Puluj National Technical University, Fediv Vasyl ,   Ternopil Ivan Puluj National Technical University
Published: December 2023

The task of the article is to establish the influence of the technological parameters of the process of forming regular microrelief formed on flat surfaces on the relative area of vibration rolling and, accordingly, the operational properties of this surface. The technological features of the formation of a regular microrelief of the 1st type on flat surfaces by the method of vibration rolling with a vibrating head with ball rollers are considered. An analytical dependence was obtained for determining the path that the vibratory run-in will take in a quarter of a spindle revolution under the given modes of microrelief formation. Analytical dependences were obtained for determining the relative area of the vibro-rolled surface for relief with parallel grooves formed on flat surfaces. The conditions for the formation of microrelief have been established, depending on the geometric parameters of the microrelief and the technological modes of its formation. Graphs of the dependence of the relative area of vibration rolling Fв on the longitudinal feed of the tool, Sпз and on the frequency ndv.x. oscillations of the rolling elements, as well as graphs of the relative area of vibration rolling Fв from the pitch of the groove tk.
Production Complexes of Machines for Aeration During Composting of Organic Raw Materials
Authors:   National University of Bioresources and Nature Management, Pavlenko Sergiy
Published: December 2023

The purpose of the research is to generalize the selection of machines and equipment to ensure mechanized composting processes using the example of the mixture aeration operation. Research methods: systematic analysis of technological methods, technical and economic characteristics of means for mechanized composting. The organizational factors influencing the choice of mobile technical means and stationary equipment in the production of composts are determined. A mechano-technological model scheme was developed, which determines the possible options for choosing equipment. The selection efficiency criteria are the costs and energy intensity of the technological cycle from obtaining raw materials to use, subject to the provision of sanitary and veterinary permits and the terms of operations. Benefits have results with minimum values. Considered methods of aeration with forced compressed air and mobile devices of mechanical action. Advantages and disadvantages are defined. Calculations of the theoretical productivity of mobile aerators - mixers were carried out, taking into account the volume of raw materials and the periodicity of processing. Options for choosing technical solutions with a minimum number of technical means are offered. The choice of technical means of aeration of the compostable mixture must be carried out taking into account the periodicity of the processing cycle. The use of an organic fertilizer spreader (similar to PRT-10(7)), trailed, self-propelled aerators - mixers, improved for the processes of composting raw materials, allows to reduce the number of technical means used in mechanized composting technology and increase economic efficiency.
PENGARUH KONSUMSI MADU TERHADAP KENAIKAN HEMOGLOBIN PADA IBU HAMIL
Authors: Murtiningsih Dewi , Satiyem Satiyem
Published: December 2023

WHO determines normal Hb levels, the limit for pregnant women is 11.0 g for pregnant women. Honey is given to pregnant women because honey has the property of helping increase hemoglobin levels and helping the absorption of Fe. The aim of this research is to find out how honey affects increasing hemoglobin in pregnant women. This research is a quasi-experimental research with a pre test–post test design with control group. The population in this study were pregnant women in the Baturetno Wonogiri health center area. The sample in this study was 25 respondents from the control group and 25 respondents from the intervention group. Univariate analysis was carried out to determine the frequency distribution of maternal characteristics. In this study, the data that was obtained was then tested for normality using the Shapiro Wilk test. The results of the normality test obtained a p value > 0.05, so it was stated that the data was normally distributed. The results are said to be significant if the p value is <0.05, then H0 is rejected, which means there is a significant influence and if the p value is > 0.05, then H0 is accepted, which means there is no significant influence. Bivariate analysis of the independent t test resulted in a p value of 0.01 where the p value <0.05, it can be stated that it is significant for the variables studied. There is an effect of honey consumption on increasing hemoglobin in pregnant women, so from these results it is hoped that pregnant women will be recommended to consume blood supplement tablets and honey to increase hemoglobin levels and prevent anemia in pregnancy.
STUDI KASUS: EFFLEURAGE MASSAGE UNTUK MENURUNKAN INTENSITAS NYERI PERSALINAN
Authors: Laisouw Meilany , Malawat Ratna
Published: December 2023

Childbirth is the process in which the baby, placenta, and amniotic sac exit the mother's uterus. One of the causes of childbirth is the presence of uterine contractions that produce pain and are very distressing for the delivering mother. Unaddressed pain can affect the mother's health, impacting both the fetus and the childbirth process itself. Various interventions are often provided to laboring mothers to reduce childbirth pain, both pharmacological and non-pharmacological. This case study illustrates the application of effleurage massage on Mrs. A, 25 years old, G2P1A0 in the active phase of the first stage of labor. Effleurage massage induces a relaxation effect, assisting the mother in adapting to the pain and expediting the childbirth process. Healthcare professionals should implement non-pharmacological methods to address childbirth pain, ensuring a swift and safe labor process.
Melatonin and Covid-19: An opened Pandora's box and the hope for the time being
Authors: Chacin-Bonilla Leonor , Bonilla Ernesto
Published: December 2023

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is a global health concern still ongoing. No single therapeutic intervention with high efficacy exists and virus mutations continue to improve immune evasion decreasing vaccine efficacy. Therefore, a therapy which instead targets severe symptoms of COVID-19 should be contemplated. Hyperinflammation, cytokine storm and oxidation are relevant in the evolution of COVID-19. Considering the anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative and cytoprotective effects of melatonin (MEL) on viral infections, its potential links with COVID-19 should be researched. In addition, evidence suggests a viricidal action of MEL and an increase in the efficacy of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. One of the neglected and excellent options for therapy is MEL. We strongly support and encourage the use of MEL as a therapy for COVID-19.
Fracture Resistance of Premolars Restored with Inlay/Onlay Composite and Lithium Disilicate CAD/CAM Block Restorations (An In Vitro Study)
Authors: Jamal Mohammed , Hassan Jasim Haider
Published: December 2023

Aim: To assess the fracture resistance of Premolars restored with inlay and onlay composite and E-max CAD/CAM block restoration.

Material and method: Randomly, fifty maxillary premolar teeth were separated into three major groups: The first group was left unaltered (control group), while the other two groups were prepared with inlay and onlay cavities and restored with lithium disilicate blocks (IPS E.max CAD) and ceramic blocks (Cerasmart). Restorations were bonded using adhesive resin cement (RelyX Ultimate). All samples were thermocycling 500 cycles, between 5 to 55°C, and the cycle time was set at the 30s. The specimen was undergone compressive axial loading in a universal testing machine till the fracture occurred. The result was analyzed using one-way ANOVA, and LSD tests with a significance level set at 0.05.

Result: There were no significant differences in means between the control group and the inlay groups that were restored with Emax and Cerasmart (P >.05).but, the control group has significantly higher means than onlay groups restored with Emax and Cerasmart (P< .05). The two materials show comparable results in both designs.

Conclusion: The fracture resistance of inlay-prepared teeth showed comparable strength to the intact teeth. Conversely, the fracture resistance of onlay-prepared teeth is comparatively lower than intact teeth. The two materials show comparable results irrespective of cavity design.
The Influence of NiTi File Design Features on the Apically Extruded Debris During Endodontic Treatment A concise reviews
Authors: B. Al-Saffar Farah , A. Al-Gharrawi Hikmet
Published: December 2023

Expelling debris and irrigating solution during cleaning and shaping is an inevitable incidence during endodontic treatment. Any irritation of the periapical area can initiate a flareup situation which can affect the prognosis of endodontic treatment. Thus, Controlling the amount of apically extruded debris increases the success rate of endodontic treatment. Furthermore, the incidence of flare-ups during endodontic treatment can be reduced by selecting the NiTi file system with the lowest apically extruded debris. Despite the advances in endodontic file design that aims to conservatively prepare the apical third of root canals, extruding debris toward the apex is still a non-eliminated issue with all instrumentation systems. The purpose of this review is to identify the effect of each design characteristic on the amount of debris expelled beyond the apical foramen. The strategy of this review focused on reviewing specific electronic databases, time, keywords, and standardized methods. Literature reviewing included studies from almost 20 years ago and up to 2022. In conclusion,  the design of the NiTi endodontic file has a significant impact on the amount of apically extruded debris.
The possibility of reversibility of liver fibrosis under the influence of complex treatment
Authors: Kozhokina S. G.
Published: December 2023

Endogenous intoxication is a pathological process that develops with the predominance of the formation or intake of toxins over their excretion. Pathological changes occur in the organs of excretion: in the liver, kidneys, lungs, gastrointestinal organs, on the skin. Chronic intoxication leads to chronic inflammation and fibrosis of target organs, i. e. to a violation of the architectonics of connective tissue. Until recently fibrosis was considered as an irreversible process, and it reduced the interest to its early diagnosis. Currently, there is an opinion that fibrosis is potentially reversible at certain stages. Using ultrasound elastometry, it is possible not only to confirm the presence of fibrosis, but also to quantify the degree of its severity. The article describes a case of a decrease in the severity of liver fibrosis in a comorbid patient with chronic hepatitis C under the influence of complex treatment with the inclusion of osteopathic correction.
The Role of Social Capital of Islamic Students (Santri) in Facing the Impacts of Globalization: A Case Study at Buntet Islamic Boarding School
Authors: Wahono Margi , Budimansyah Dasim , Malihah Elly , Fitriasari Susan
Published: December 2023

Islamic boarding schools in Indonesia face major challenges due to the Industrial Revolution 4.0 and globalization, which include adaptation to digital technology, expansion of social networks, and integration of Islamic boarding school values in technology-based curricula. This research focuses on the role of social capital in maintaining the relevance of Islamic boarding schools, with Buntet Islamic Boarding School as a case study. Using a qualitative approach with in-depth interviews and participant observation, data was analyzed to identify the daily application of social capital. Findings show that strong social networks, mutual trust, internalized social norms, and cooperation play key roles in the transformation of Islamic boarding schools. The uniqueness of the Buntet Islamic Boarding School can be seen in its ability to build a strong alumni network, facilitate access to new resources, and maintain the identity and values of the Islamic boarding school through a technology-based curriculum. The results of this research have practical implications in the context of education in Indonesia, guiding Islamic boarding schools and other traditional institutions to integrate social capital in their adaptation strategies to face the impacts of the Industrial Revolution 4.0 and globalization, maintain sustainability, and increase competitiveness.
Digital transformation of economic processes: theory and practice
Authors:   Market Economy Institute of RAS, Bryntsev Alexander N. , Borisov I.V. ,   INSI Group of Companies, Levina Elena V. ,   Market Economy Institute of RAS
Published: December 2023

The main theoretical and practical issues of the development of management activities in the service sector, industry based on its digital transformation, factors and drivers of digitalization process management are considered. The strategic aspects of management and methodological features of the formation of digital contours of organizations are investigated. The proposed set of methods, approaches, techniques and technologies provides a comprehensive approach to studying the application of innovative technologies in the development of the domestic service sector, industrial enterprises under the influence of import substitution processes and expanding sanctions pressure. For researchers, management bodies, managers and specialists of economic services of organizations, students of business schools, retraining and advanced training programs, students and postgraduates.
Green Accounting: Green Wasathiyah Campus
Authors: Arismaya Anisa Dewi
Published: December 2023

The issue of environmental change has become a hot topic to discuss in recent years due to climate change in the form of global warming caused by the industrial world. In addition to the industrial world, namely companies, one of the institutions affected by environmental changes is universities. Universities are now increasingly aware of the importance of preserving the environment in an effort to sustain it in the future, one of which is implemented by the State Islamic University (UIN) Salatiga. This research method uses descriptive qualitative analysis to determine the extent to which UIN Salatiga applies the concept of environmental accounting. From the results of the study, UIN Salatiga was ranked in the Top 6 PTKIN Green Campuses based on a ranking from the UI GreenMetric World University Rankings in 2021. Environmental Accounting has been applied by UIN Salatiga to detect environmental costs based on Hansen Mowen, environmental cost budgets based on the Green Campus UIN SalatigaThe drawback of UIN Salatiga in applying the concept of Environmental Accounting is that it has not recorded and has not been properly calculated regarding savings due to recording constraints.
Analysis of the Financial Performance of Regional Drinking Water Companies (PDAM) Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Masrullah Masrullah , Syafaruddin Syafaruddin , Mutiah Mutiah
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this research is to examine the differences in the financialperformance of Regional Drinking Water Companies (PDAMs) in Makassar City before andduring the 2018-2021 Covid-19 pandemic. This research is a Quantitative DescriptiveResearch, using financial indicators Current Ratio, Quick Ratio, Gross Margin, Net ProfitMargin and Debt Ratio. The data analysis method is the sample t-test. The results showedthat the current rate was higher before the pandemic, with a higher average than duringthe pandemic, the quick ratio was higher before the pandemic, with a higher average thanduring the pandemic, and the gross margin was higher before the pandemic. The averageis higher than during the pandemic. Net profit margin is higher before the pandemic andhigher on average than during the pandemic. Debt ratios are higher during the pandemicand higher on average than before the pandemic. From this it can be concluded that thecurrent ratio, quick ratio, gross profit margin, net profit margin and debt ratio are notdifferent from each other.
The Impact of Strategic Cohesion on Administrative Excellence
Authors: Hussein Jassem Thuraya , Abdel-Wadoud Taher Adel
Published: December 2023

يهدف هذا البحث الى لاختبار تأثير التماسك الاستراتيجي و أبعاده (الإثارة التنظيمية ، السبك التنظيمي ، التظافر التنظيمي) كمتغير مستقل في التميز الإداري كمتغير تابع في وزارة التخطيط من خلال استطلاع آراء عدد من الموظفين (المدراء العامين ، ورؤساء الأقسام ، ومسؤولي الوحدات الادارية) كمجتمع للدراسة . اعتمد الباحثان المنهج الوصفي التحليلي في إجراء هذا البحث باستطلاع رأي عينة البحث وكان عددهم (155) بعد حصرهم الكامل ، وزعت عليهم (155) استبانة ، تم استرجاع (114) منها ، تم استبعاد (4) منها ، لتكون (110) صالحة للتحليل الإحصائي ، بحيث كانت العينة مقصودة ونسبية. تم توزيع استبيان كأداة رئيسية في جمع البيانات ، بالإضافة إلى المقابلات الشخصية التي أجريت كأداة ثانية تساعد في جمع البيانات ، واستخدم الباحثان عددًا من الأساليب الإحصائية  ضمن البرنامج SPSS في تحليل البيانات ، منها على سبيل المثال (تحليل العامل التأكيدي والاستكشافي ، والمتوسط الحسابي ، والانحراف المعياري ، ومعامل ارتباط بيرسون ، والانحدار الخطي البسيط والمتعدد) ، وواحد من أبرز النتائج التي تم التوصل إليها  وجود تأثير للتماسك الاستراتيجي وأبعاده في التميز الإداري ، ومن أهم التوصيات ضرورة أن تتبنى وزارة التخطيط التماسك الاستراتيجي والتركيز عليه للوصول إلى التميز الذي تسعى إليه الوزارة للوصول إلى أهدافها ورؤيتها ورسالتها.
Financial Variables and Their Effects on The Development of Bank Credit and Productive Sectors in Iraq Using a Path Analysis Model
Authors: Ali Yahya Hassan Saif , Mahdi Abbas Al-Birmani Salah
Published: December 2023

هدفت الدراسة إلى قياس وتحليل الآثار المباشرة وغير المباشرة للمتغيرات المالية (الإنفاق العام ، الإيرادات العامة، الدين الداخلي، الدين الخارجي) على القطاعات الإنتاجية غير النفطية مع الائتمان المصرفي وبدونه كمتغير وسيط، وذلك باستخدام بيانات ربع سنوية للمدة (2021Q4-2004Q1)، وتم تحويلها باستخدام Eviews12، ومن أجل قياس هدف الدراسة، تم استخدام أسلوب نموذج تحليل المسار باستخدام IBM SPSS-AMOS، وخلصت الدراسة إلى أن الآثار المباشرة وغير المباشرة للمتغيرات المالية لها دور ضعيف في توجيه الائتمان المصرفي نحو القطاعات الإنتاجية في العراق والتي بلغت (0.18) نتيجة لمخاطر السوق أو عدم استقرار التوقعات في الاقتصاد، بالإضافة إلى ضعف التصنيف الائتماني للمقترضين هذا من جانب، ومن جانب آخر فإن غالبية الائتمان الممنوح من الجهاز المصرفي العراقي قد وجه صوب قطاع التشييد والبناء نتيجة الضمانات التي يستطيع هذا القطاع توفيرها مقارنةً بالقطاعات الانتاجية الأخرى. كما أن المتغيرات المالية من ناحية أخرى لم تكن داعمة في توجيه الائتمان المصرفي نحو تنمية هذه القطاعات في الناتج المحلي الإجمالي للدولة، لأن النتائج التي عكستها الآثار المباشرة وغير المباشرة للمتغيرات المالية ضعيفة في دعم القطاعات الإنتاجية مع أو بدون الائتمان المصرفي. (لا سيما وأن الدين المحلي كان ينافس القطاع الخاص في الحصول على الائتمان المصرفي وهذا ما يسمى بأثر المزاحمة).

 

نوع البحث: ورقة بحثية.
The Impact Of User Generated Content On Food Purchase Intention Through Tiktok Platform
Authors: Mohd Azman Fairuza Amalina , Mustaffa Norsimaa
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this study was to identify components in UGC on food that impact purchase intention among TikTok users. Purposive sampling was used, which included 5 females from New Media Communications programme, aged 23-24 years old as informants. This study utilized a qualitative research design through interviews, specifically through the use of validated interview questionnaires. Findings reveal that most informants share the same preferences for the UGC components on TikTok which are audio and video can increase purchase intention as well as the information contained in the food reviews. Besides that, they are more influenced by the virality of the food that encourages them to purchase it whether the purchase takes in an online or offline shop.
NON-FUNGIBLE TOKENS AS A WAY TO PROTECT GLOBAL INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY
Authors: Magalhães Matheus Puppe
Published: December 2023

Blockchain technology is increasingly being recognized worldwide as a cornerstone of security and stability in the digital realm. The Internet, often viewed as a seemingly chaotic, unpredictable, and insecure environment, is experiencing a significant paradigm shift thanks to disruptive innovations such as blockchains, which provide a robust mechanism to ensure the integrity of the global information flow. While the original purpose of this technology was to facilitate cryptocurrencies, its applications have since broadened, permeating law, business, and more recently, sectors like art and gaming. In this context, Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs) are on the cusp of becoming a mainstream asset class. These unique digital assets, intricately tied to Intellectual Property, present an unexplored avenue for legal and business applications. This paper assesses the potential uses of NFTs for to protect global IP. The study further suggests an analogous interpretation of existing norms that regulate the connection with NFTs and local regulations, thus laying the groundwork for an initial self-regulatory framework. In conclusion, NFTs are poised to revolutionize IP protection globally. However, from a legal perspective, it also represents the necessity to develop a regulated self-regulatory system to frame such technology. As part of future research, we propose the creation of legal standards to accept and introduce NFTs as part of the IP protection laws.
Vesicular-digestive fistulas in cholelithiasis with concomitant pancreatitis
Authors: Podoluzhny V. I. , Pelts V. A. , Radionov I. A. , Startsev A. B. , Pavlenko V. V.
Published: December 2023

Aim — evaluation of the incidence of pressure ulcers and vesicular-digestive fistulas in cholecystolithiasis, concomitant chronic pancreatitis, as well as the incidence and effectiveness of basic diagnostic studies of gallstone small bowel obstruction in these patients.

Materials and methods. Over the past 10 years, we have analyzed 5055 cholecystectomies in the surgical department No 2 of the Kuzbass Clinical Emergency Hospital n. a. M. A. Podgorbunsky. In terms of anamnesis, 509 people in this group were treated for chronic pancreatitis, 116 had diabetes mellitus. We have analyzed the surgical treatment of 1086 patients with acute mechanical intestinal obstruction in the surgical department No 1 from 1997 to 2020, gallstone ileus was in 4 operated.

Results. At 5055 cholecystectomies, 10 (0.19%) cases of biliodigestive fistulas were found, including 4 (0.08%) vesicular-duodenal and 6 (0.12%) vesicular-colonic fistulas. In 3 cases, patients underwent long-term treatment for chronic pancreatitis, one patient suffered from diabetes mellitus. Cholecystectomy was successfully combined with bowel suturing. Among 1086 patients, urgently operated on with mechanical intestinal obstruction, gallstone ileus was detected in 4 patients (0.37%). Convincing indications for surgical treatment were vomiting and paretic expansion of the initial sections of the small intestine with a delay in the advancement of barium suspension during its contrasting. Enterotomy and lithoextraction were performed in elderly patients.

Conclusion. Vesicular-duodenal fistulas are formed in 0.08% of cases upon long-term cholecystolithiasis, surgeons detect vesicular-colonic fistulas in 0.12% during cholecystectomy. 30% of these patients received treatment for chronic pancreatitis. Cholelithiasis small bowel obstruction occurs in 0.37% of those operated on with mechanical intestinal obstruction. Diagnostic difficulties do not arise upon using radiation methods of examination.
Cholesterosis: is it related to pancreatology?
Authors: Gubergrits N. B. , Byelyayeva N. V. , Lukashevich G. M. , Borodiy K. N.
Published: December 2023

Gallbladder (GB) cholesterosis is a disease characterized by impaired cholesterol metabolism with its predominant deposition in the GB wall. GB cholesterosis is considered as a component of lipid distress syndrome, i. e. a combination of a range of pathological conditions caused by lipid metabolism disorders (atherosclerosis, lipogenic pancreatitis, GB cholesterosis, fatty hepatosis). Indeed, GB cholesterosis is often detected in patients with coronary atherosclerosis, hypertension, obesity, and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. This allows us to consider the GB as a target organ in atherogenic dyslipidemia and point out that its lesion is not as an independent disease, but a systemic manifestation of impaired cholesterol metabolism in the liver.

Considering the general pathogenetic factors of the development of gallstone disease and GB cholesterosis, as well as its frequent combination with cholecystolithiasis, some authors consider GB cholesterosis a specific option of gallstone disease or the pre-stage of cholecystolithiasis, justifying this by the decrease in nucleation time of GB bile upon the absence of stones in patients with GB cholesterosis, as well as with gallstone disease.

Clinical manifestations of GB cholesterosis have not been sufficiently studied. They are nonspecific and do not allow differentiating it from other chronic GB diseases. The relevant symptoms in GB cholesterosis are due to the addition of cholecystitis, cholecystolithiasis or dysfunction of the biliary tract.

Sonography is considered the most informative technique for diagnosing GB cholesterosis. This study is especially informative in case of polypous form of GB cholesterosis. According to the results of sonography, reticular, polypous (pseudopolypous), calculous and mixed forms of GB cholesterosis are distinguished.

The use of ursodeoxycholic acid preparations in GB cholesterosis is pathogenetically substantiated. Ursonost (Organosyn LTD) is one of the best drugs.
Ultrasound histography in assessing the degree of pancreatic fibrosis in chronic pancreatitis
Authors: Gubergrits N. B. , Linevska K. Yu. , Gomozova E. A. , Zhdanyuk Yu. I.
Published: December 2023

Aim: to analyze the clinical and pathogenetic significance of ultrasound histography in pancreatic fibrosis in patients with chronic pancreatitis (CP).

Materials and methods. One hundred and eighty-six patients with CP were examined. Complete blood count, urinalysis, biochemical blood and urine tests, duodenal intubation test, coproscopy, enzyme immunoassay, and radioimmune assay were performed. The levels of blood transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1) and fecal elastase 1 were measured. Ultrasonography and ultrasound histography of the pancreas and liver, Doppler sound study of the abdominal aorta, celiac trunk, and superior mesenteric artery were carried out.

Results. There were correlations suggesting decreased exocrine pancreatic function as its fibrosis progressed, which was indirectly reflected in the increased L index of an ultrasound histogram. The positive correlation between L index and TGFβ1 also showed increased L index in more severe pancreatic fibrosis. CP exacerbation was accompanied by decreased Kgst and N, which were confirmed by evident hyperenzymemia (the blood enzyme deviation) with the decrease of those indices. The clinical signs of CP, especially the rise in the number of dyspeptic complaints that show decreased pancreatic exocrine secretion, revealed pancreatic fibrosis. This was also shown by the fact that the debit hour of lipase and the activity of fecal elastase 1 decreased as the L index increased. There were signs that decreased blood flow in the pancreas made the fibrosis and insufficiency of the organ worse. Furthermore, ultrasound histographic findings reflected a positive correlation between pancreatic and hepatic fibrosis.

Conclusion. An examination of pancreatic ultrasound histographic correlations led to the conclusion that this technique could be used to estimate the degree of pancreatic fibrosis and CP exacerbation indirectly.
Pancreatic syphilis mimicking cancer
Authors: Gubergrits N. B. , Byelyayeva N. V. , Suprun A. A. , Kozinskaya I. A.
Published: December 2023

Since the incidence of syphilis is increasing, the number of pancreatic lesions is expected to increase too. Pancreatic syphilis can be congenital or acquired.

The pancreas is affected in 10–80% of patients with congenital syphilis. Infection of the pancreas occurs most often during the second half of pregnancy. Morphologically, there are five types of congenital pancreatic syphilis: gummy; diffuse interstitial pancreatitis, which can be combined with multiple miliary gummas and atrophy of the pancreatic parenchyma; indurative fibrous type; with atrophy of the lobules (atrophic type); and with a predominant lesion of the pancreatic ducts —sialangitis pancreatica. In congenital syphilis, the pancreatic head is mostly affected. Early and severe damage to the islets of Langerhans is typical.

Acquired pancreatic syphilis is less common than congenital syphilis. Morphologically, it has three types: the edematous-infiltrative type, in secondary syphilis; the gummy type (pancreatitis gummosa), in tertiary syphilis; and sclerotic pancreatitis, or pancreatitis sclerotica, or “syphilitic cirrhosis of the pancreas”. The latter type is usually the outcome of the first two morphological types. Clinically acquired pancreatic syphilis proceeds according to the type of recurrent chronic pancreatitis, i.e., with periodic exacerbations (pancreatic attacks), but the pain is rarely intense, and the phenomenon of “deviation” of enzymes into the blood is rarely observed. This clinical type more often corresponds to the edematous-infiltrative morphological type of syphilitic organ damage, and less often to the gummy type. It should be noted that acquired pancreatic syphilis occurs against the background of specific damage to the liver, heart, aorta, kidneys, skin, stomach, central nervous system, etc. The differential diagnosis of gummy pancreatic lesions and pancreatic cancer is especially complicated.

Antisyphilitic treatment should be administered. Due to a toxic-allergic reaction, the symptoms of pancreatitis may exacerbate at the start of a specific therapy.
Modern capabilities of digital pancreatology
Authors: Litvin A. A.
Published: December 2023

Personalized medicine requires the integration and analysis of vast amounts of patient data in order to provide a personalized approach. Digital pancreatology and Pancreomics facilitate personalized recommendations in the diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic diseases by analyzing data using machine learning methods to exploit the potential of this data in a similar way to Pathomics, Radiomics, and Genomics.

The aim of this article is to present a brief overview of the modern capabilities of digital medicine for the diagnosis and treatment of various pancreatic diseases.

The studies included in the review demonstrate the promising results of machine learning technologies that can both facilitate clinical prediction and decision-making and be used to interpret clinical laboratory, radiological, and endoscopic images in pancreatology and medicine in general.

Digital pancreatology and Pancreomics may be promising concepts for the analysis and prediction of the course of pancreatic diseases in the contemporary digital era.