bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SVM Classification for Sensitive Land Parcels in Highway Route Selecting Based on ALOS Image Combining NDVI
Authors: Sun Guo Qing , Ren Yu Huan , Liu Meng Meng , Liu Zhu Mei , Liu Ya Lan
Published: June 2012

In order to improve the efficiency and cost-saving investigation for sensitive land parcels for road route selecting, this paper demonstrates the methodology of Support Vector Machine (SVM) classification combining with the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) to identify the land parcels using ALOS remote sensing data. One part of the road corridor is taken as the study area in City Group of Changsha, Zhuzhou and Xiangtan, which is regarded as the two society pilot area. The results show that the high effectiveness and applicability of the method in high density vegetation coverage mountainous regions.
Impact on the Ecological Effect for Different Spatial Resolution Image
Authors: Deng Rong Xin , Wang Wen Juan
Published: June 2012

In this paper, taken Landsat5/TM and SPOT5 image which was imaging in the close time as data source, the land-use map were obtained, respectively. In order to do some researches about LUCC and ecological effect, soil loss and landscape pattern metrics were selected as ecological index by corresponding counting methods. By analysis and contrast, it showed that soil loss obtained by Landsat5/TM and SPOT5 image has little difference, and the average soil erosion modulus are 181.54 t/(km2•a) and 190.17 t/(km2•a), respectively. The erosion area in different erosion classification does not appear distinct difference. By the landscape pattern metrics value, it showed that the difference of MSI, PAFRAC, CONTAG and SHDI in Landsat5/TM and SPOT5 is only between 0.07 and 0.3, and the difference of LPI and AI was higher than above 3 types of index. But in a word, there were no big difference for all the index.
Acquisitions of Vegetation Coverage and Cultivated Land Occupation Ratio of Taiyuan Valley Plain for Example Using CBERS-02B CCD Image
Authors: Li Shi Wei , Zhang Ji Long , Yang Jian Sheng
Published: June 2012

Vegetation covering situation is very important for the quality of air quality, soil and water conservation ability and soil forming in an area. By using the remote sensing image of Taiyuan Valley Plain, the application of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and unsupervised classification, the vegetation coverage map which includes non-cultivated land disposition and cultivated land disposition was obtained using ERDAS Imagine software. To evaluate the accuracy of the results, 200 points were sampled randomly, the high spatial resolution remote sensing image from Google Earth was used as the reference. The overall classification accuracy is 82%, with the Kappa statistic of 0.81. By counting the totally pixel acreage, it was gotten that the vegetation coverage was 46% and the cultivated land coverage ratio was 31% in the study area.
Mapping of Soil Salinity Based on Field Measured Spectra and ALI Image in Yellow River Delta
Authors: Weng Yong Ling , Tao Jin Mei , Fan Xing Wang , Sha Yue Jin
Published: June 2012

Soil salinization is one of the most common land degradation progresses in Yellow River Delta (YRD) of China. Remote sensing is widely viewed as a time- and cost-efficient way for detection of soil salinity. In this study, we collected 55 soil samples and corresponding field spectra from the Yellow River Delta of China to investigate the level of soil salinity in relation to soil spectra. A partial least square regression (PLSR) model was created between field measured spectra (The spectra have been resampled to Advanced Land Imaging (ALI) spectral resolution) and soil salinity. Significant correlation was observed between predicted values and measured values with determination coefficient (R2) of 0.837. The PLSR mode was then applied to ALI reflectance image on a pixel-to-pixel basis. The result indicated that it is an efficient method that produces, fast, wide-coverage, and reliable distribution map of soil salinity using field-derived spectra and ALI multispectral imagery with PLSR method.
Multi-Scale Spatial Analysis of Valley City in Northwest China Based on GIS — Taking Yan’an as an Example
Authors: Li Lan , Chen Xiao Jian
Published: June 2012

This article takes typical Valley City in Northwest as the research object and takes Yanan as an example. Firstly, the urban space is analyzed and divided during the thinking of multi-scale science, and then the image of Yanan in 2011is interpreted and the internal space and external morphology can be quantitatively analyzed at multiple spatial scales using the method of GIS. The analysis shows that different feature of land use types in different scale space and terrain on different land use types distribution impact. The research findings are meaningful for the spatial expansion, update, spatial layout of the valley city in Northwest and contribute to the healthy development of the city in northwest area.
NetCDF-Based Visualization of Marine Environment Data Using Virtual Earth
Authors: Wang Xiang Hong , Liu Ji Ping , Xu Sheng Hua , Wang Yong
Published: June 2012

For the characteristics of the marine environment data with multiple-formats, heterogeneous, multi-dimensional and dynamic in structure and time, this paper studies the three-dimensional visualization method of the NetCDF-based marine environment data. On the basis of comprehensive analysis the NetCDF data model in principle, data organization, scheduling methods and so on, the present study proposes NetCDF to store these data, and designs a 3D dynamic rendering model for typical marine environment data based on virtual earth, implements the dynamic representation and spatial-temporal analysis, which includes marine feature field visualization, the attributes information query and the process characteristics analysis. The practical application shows that the method of this paper can represent massive marine environment data efficiently and vividly, it provides a powerful visualization auxiliary tool for the representation of the complex ocean phenomena, spatial-temporal analysis and trend prediction.
Retrievals of Aerosol Optical Depth and Angstrom Exponent for Identification of Aerosols at Kuching, Sarawak
Authors: Abd Jalal Khairunnisa , Asmat Arnis , Ahmad Noordin
Published: June 2012

Anthropogenic and natural aerosols are important atmospheric constituents that significantly contribute to the Earth’s radiation budget but remain uncertainties due to the poor understanding of aerosol properties and its direct effects on scattering and absoprtion of solar radiation and the ability of aerosols to stay in atmosphere for a very short time. Different types of aerosols, representing biomass burning, urban or continental aerosols, maritime aerosols and dust particles will give different characterization and classification of aerosol properties. The data used in this study was obtained from Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET).Two parameters were used for aerosol analysis which are Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) at four wavelengths (440, 500, 675 and 870nm) and Angstrom exponent (α) derived from a multispectral log linear.
Road Extraction Based on the Algorithms of K-Means Clustering and Hybrid Model of SVM and FCM
Authors: Zhu Da Ming , Wen Xiang , Xia Rong
Published: June 2012

Information extraction is the prerequisite of remote sensing image segmentation, which is the key procedure of image analysis. In this paper hard C-means and fuzzy C-means is adopted for segmentation in remote sensing image to realize our road extraction. Firstly, we proposed k-means for image segmentation using non-supervised clustering, and we can achieve our aim finally. Meanwhile, SVM combined with Fuzzy C means was proposed and this model was implemented in remote sensing image segmentation to extract the road net. Finally the comparison with two proposed algorithm was carried out, and after experiment, SVM plus FCM model is much more accurate than k-means.
Spatial Variation of Temperature Monthly at Kuroshio of East China Sea
Authors: Kang Jian Cheng , Wang Guo Dong , Zhu Jiong , Sun Wen Zheng , Liu Chao , Li Yan
Published: June 2012

The Kuroshio of the East China Sea (ECS-Kuroshio) is a strong current, which influence climate of China coast and East Asia. The ocean temperature changes with month, is a foundation to reveal the seasonal and interannual climate variabilities. Here, using “2009 World Ocean Atlas” and “2-Minute Gridded Global Relief depth Data”, developing three-dimensional volume-section visualization technique and analysis technology, temperature changes and heat exchanges monthly at ECS-Kuroshio are discussed. The results show that the heat exchange between the Kuroshio and ECS at surface got to maximum in March ~ May and to minimum in Aug ~ Sept, occurred mainly on the side near continental shelf of ECS, the largest areas were in northeast of Tokara Strait, northeast of the Taiwan island near 124ºE and the sea around 127ºE, depended on temperature variations. From the entrance to the outlet along ECS-Kuroshio current, the heat exchange occurred mainly in the 30~150m layer, it got maximum in July ~ Sept and minimum in Nov ~ Jan. There was a temperature-transitional-layer (TTL) around 220m depth.
Statistical Class Feature in Texture Analysis of Remote Sensing Imagery
Authors: Teng Xin Peng , Song Shun Lin , Zhan Yong Zhao
Published: June 2012

This paper we selected 5 typical texture class samples from Quick Bird RGB fused data with 0.61m resolution. We used GLCMs to quantitatively calculate texture features, which parameter values are suitable for the specific texture classifications. Six statistical features for every class sample in four orientations and 1 pixel of pair-wise distance were obtained, including: energy, entropy, contrast, homogeneity, correlation, and dissimilarity respectively. The average values in four directions were computed and compared. The results show that dissimilarity and entropy have biggest value differences among six samples. They are the most important features for classification or recognition of class samples. The statistics of dissimilarity, entropy, homogeneity, contrast have been demonstrated a decrease in classification ability. The results of the research supplied important references for the quantitative interpretation of VHR Quick Bird imagery in the applications of land cover/use classification and mapping.
Study on the Morphological Characteristics of Shuiyuguan Dashuigou Ravine in Shanxi Province
Authors: Song Yan , Liu Hong Fu , Yu Chuan Tao
Published: June 2012

This paper focuses on the study of Shuiyuguan Dashuigou basin in Jiaocheng County, Shanxi Province. Through geological surveys in this basin, the author does overall analysis on the classifications of the ravines, causes, lithology conditions and structure, and comparative study on the changes in catchment areas in different ravines. The functions of slopes and gullies in the evolution of landform and current spatial difference in the incision degree by the channel basin have been revealed, then the resources of sediment and landforms to be renovated have been identified , so as to provide theoretical basis for geological disaster preventing.
A Research on the Driving Forces of Xinjiang Geological Heritage Resources Development from the Perspective of Tourism
Authors: Li Cui Lin
Published: June 2012

Developing geological heritage resource from the perspective of tourism is a new pattern of resource using. The development of Xinjiang geological heritage resource is restricted and effected by the internal and external driving forces and support. The internal driving force includes the resource endowment and the need for regional economic and sustainable development; the external driving force includes the competition of tourism, the market and the government regulation; support includes the construction of infrastructure, the improvement of tourism facilities and ecological support. All these forces restrict and effect each other and become a harmonious whole.
An Analysis on Resource Management of Geoheritage: A Case Study of South China Karst
Authors: Huo Si Jia , Sun Jian Hua , Sun Ke Qin
Published: June 2012

Regions of Karst landscape cover an estimated 12 percent of the world’s land space. South China Karst has been successful in its application to enter the World Heritage List as a natural heritage approved by UNESCO’s World Heritage Committee in 2007. The heritage site includes the Shilin Karst of Yunnan, Libo Karst of Guizhou and Wulong Karst of Chongqing, covering a total area of 146,016 ha. The present paper offers an analytical comparison as seen from global perspectives, and reveals the outstanding universal value of the South China site while highlighting its heritage resources properties. In addition, the paper also points to some of the major problems, even possible geological disasters devastating the site, including overdue exploitation and rocky desertification. Then the analysis proceeds to put forth relevant conservation strategies, which includes establishment and implementation of scientific management mechanism as well as a disaster monitoring system so as to promote the sustainable development of this natural heritage site.
Numerical Simulation of Factors on Zonal Disintegration in Surrounding Rocks of Deep Roadways
Authors: Ning Jian Guo , Liu Xue Sheng , Li Hai Tao
Published: June 2012

At the background of geological and mining conditions of typical roadways in Xinwen mining area, using numerical simulation software FLAC-3D, the effects of mining depth, weak structure and rock strength on the characteristics of zonal disintegration in Deep Roadway was studied. Results show that high stress is the premise to form the phenomenon of zonal disintegration; weak structure in surrounding rocks is the key and surrounding rock strength is the determinants of damage degree and scope of rupture zone in deep surrounding rocks. There are important theoretical and practical significances to explore the formation mechanism of zonal disintegration in surrounding rocks of deep roadways, and to ensure safe mining of deep resources.
The Approach of Landscape Architecture to Ecological Recovery: A Case Study of the Planning and Design of the Li Lake Area
Authors: Zhang Yun , Du Ming
Published: June 2012

This paper investigates ways of deploying ecological principles in the planning and design practice of landscape architecture. As a modern profession, one of the central tasks of landscape architecture is of protecting and recovering our environment. The profession is now in the demand in China, because of China’s rapid urban development and the consequent environmental problems. A case study of the planning and design of the Li Lake area provides evidence of how the profession is carrying out such a task. The study also identifies the disconnection between ecological and cultural strategies for recovering a particular landscape.
“Restoration” of Eco-Waterfront under Chinese Background
Authors: Wu Yong
Published: June 2012

With some examples given, the paper points out six main misunderstandings that exist in eco-waterfront practice under Chinese background. It brings forward restoration of ecology as the principle to guide the waterfront constructions, and also offers some concrete methods through several designs. Here “restoration” has two meanings: one is that original meaning or intention should be given back to the word “ecology”; the other is instead of human’s inventing something ecological, local ecology characteristics should be given back to urban waterfront.
Acer Resources of Jiangsu and their Application in Qixia Mountain
Authors: Li Yu Ping , Luo Feng Xia
Published: June 2012

There are over 20 kinds of Acer wild and cultivated plants (including the introduced species cultivated and varieties) in Jiangsu Province, approximately accounting for 13% of species across China. Jiangsu is the province with resourceful Acer plants in China. The application characteristics, problems existed and countermeasures of Acer plant on the Qixia Mountain Scenic Resort in Nanjing are analyzed based on the illustration of their resources in Jiangsu province and their application value in gardens.
Evaluation on Rural Residential Land Intensive Use in Hilly Areas of Southwest China
Authors: Sun Xiu Feng , Shi Kai Fang , Diao Cheng Tai , Zuo Tai An
Published: June 2012

With the rapid development of the economic and social in Yongchuan, the town construction land and rural residential land have a trend of rising in recent years, and land is the main constraint for the economic and social development, So it is the only way to solve the problem for rural residential land intensive use. In this paper, the land intensive use indicator system was constructed, and then the appraisal model was constructed to study on rural residential land intensive use in Yongchuan. The level of rural residential land intensive use was divided into four grades according to comprehensive score, the corresponding grades were intensive use, moderate use, low efficient use and extensive use, respectively.
Research on the Urban System Scale Structure in Loess Plateau Based on the Ecological Carrying Capacity — Taking Qingyang City as Case Study
Authors: Liu Hai Long , Shi Pei Ji , Zhang Sheng Wu , Chen Li
Published: June 2012

Qingyang City is located in the central hilly area of Loess Plateau with arid climate and fragile ecological environment. From the ecological point of view, using related theories and methods on the ecological carrying capacity, this paper analyses the situation of the Scale structure of urban system of the study area, using the degree of ecological flexibility, carrying capacity and the degree of load pressure to evaluate the ecological carrying capacity briefly and discuss the relationship between ecological carrying capacity and urban scale structure. On this basis, this paper finally proposes some suggestions to adjust and optimize the Scale structure of urban system under fragile ecological conditions.
Study on Regional Land Use Structure Change Characteristics in Baolan-Lanqing-Qingzang Urban Belt Based on Information Entropy and Regional Entropy
Authors: Bai Yong Ping , Wang Bao Huan
Published: June 2012

The article analysis comprehensively the features of time change and spatial variation on each class of land use about Baolan-Lanqing-Qingzang urban belt, using EXCEL based on the data of land change from 1991 to 2009. It reveals the amplitude, velocity, regional difference and the distribution of spatial variation on principal class of land use in the study district. Meanwhile, we actually analysis the social economic factors by using factor analysis method in SPSS, which reflect population economy and urban industrial structure are the principal components to influence on the land use about Baolan-Lanqing-Qingzang urban belt.
Study on the Saline-Alkaline Land Reclamation in Daqing
Authors: Xue Bin Xia , Kang Xiao Fei , Wei Li
Published: June 2012

As a well-known city of oil in China, Daqing City is unique in natural conditions with variety of soils. Among them, a large part belongs to the saline—alkaline land, which reduces the ability of filed sound as well as causes diversity of eco-environment issues. In this paper, the existing technologies to reclaim the saline-alkaline land are summarized to analyze its application context. Finally combining with the nature research and natural status of saline-alkaline components in Daqing, the integrated various ways to improve the cultivated land are put forward.
Study on Urban Expansion Patterns Based on the Driving Force Analysis
Authors: Zhao Cong Xia , Zhou Peng Guang
Published: June 2012

Since 1990s, urban land in China has increased rapidly, and the annual construction land quota of the city has been broken through constantly, so city size is always surmounting the scale limit of master plan. In order to understand and guide the healthy development of city scientifically, the paper investigates large amount of Chinese and western urban expansion phenomenon in the past centuries, and sums up 5 expansion patterns according to the driving forces. They are urban expansions driven by industrialization, by social psychology, by high concentration of urbanization, by impeded urbanization and national policy and by globalization, which are the main types of the urban expansion in modern society.
Relationship between Viscosity and Recycling of Dendrocalamus giganteus Munro Pulp
Authors: He Jie
Published: June 2012

In this paper, two groups of Dendrocalamus giganteus Munro pulp were obtained from conventional kraft pulping (the maximum pulping temperature was 165°C) and low-temperature kraft pulping (the maximum pulping temperature was only 135°C) under the premise of kappa number of about 17, and the viscosity of them were 1240 mL•g-1 and 1426 mL•g-1 respectively. Then the handsheets was treated with dry heat aging and the simulation of pulp recycling was investigated. In addition, the relationship between the pulp viscosity and recycling times of pulp were studied. The results showed that the viscosity and water retention value of two groups of pulp decreased with increasing of recycling times. However, the recycling characteristic of the pulp with high viscosity from low-temperature kraft cooking was better.
Urban Land Suitability Evaluation Based on Fuzzy Synthesis Evaluation
Authors: Jiang Yun , Zhang Hong Bo , Wang Bao Jun
Published: June 2012

The primary influencing factors of urban land suitability were analyzed, and evaluation index systems were proposed for urban land suitability. Based on AHP, the weight of every evaluation index was determined, and the evaluation model for urban land suitability was also established by fuzzy synthesis evaluation. Taking the urban land condition of plain country as an application case, and its urban land suitability was assessed based on the evaluation model. The research result shows that the degree of urban land suitability can be indicated with AHP and fuzzy synthesis evaluation, so it is a new effective method for the evaluation of urban land suitability.
Study on Green Rural-Tourism in Undeveloped Western Region of China Under the Perspective of Urban-Rural Integration
Authors: Ning Gao , He Jia
Published: June 2012

Along with the rapid development of economy, balance urban and rural development has become the major task China is facing now. Green rural tourism can speed up economic development, promote culture intercourse between urban and rural, accelerate harmonious society, and is the effective way to build new socialist countryside. Develop green rural tourism in undeveloped western region under the perspective of urban-rural integration, must adhere to the principle of sustainable development, principle of adaptation to local conditions, principle of characteristic development, and choose the development model, which is suitable for local culture and character, in order to realize urban-rural integration.
The Establishment of Land Appraisal Model in Xiamen Based on BP Neural Network
Authors: Ye Qing , Su Ya Yi , Chen Fei
Published: June 2012

Establish the land evaluation model of Xiamen by means of BP neural network theory, taking 2007-2009 land evaluation cases of Xiamen as examples. Through statistical analysis, we find that the neural network which has 9 net work hidden layer nodes and 19% of maximal error index is more suitable for Xiamen land price assessment than others. Empirical analysis shows that the model has a good generalization ability, which can be used for land evaluation practices. The results indicates that the properties of autonomous learning of BP network can reduce the subjective factors of appraiser in land evaluation , also, the network has the advantage of simple and quick calculation.
The Roles and Applications of Wetlands in Eco-City Construction — Taking Ruian City as an Example
Authors: Wang Bo , Huang Huan Hui , Jin Ping Bin
Published: June 2012

In the process of urbanization, We always neglect the issue of environmental protection. In recognition of this problem, we begin to think about the way to solve it. We find that wetlands have important ecological and environmental functions, which play an important role in maintaining regional ecological balance and the conservation of biological diversity. Especially, urban wetlands are playing an irreplaceable role in eco-city construction. The article takes Ruian city as an example to discuss the utility of natural wetland and constructed wetland in eco-city construction. We conclude that to construct an eco-city, Ruian should focus on pollution control, at the same time, we can make use of natural wetland and constructed wetland to make Ruian more beautiful and ecological.
Theory and Experiment Research on P-S Curve of Anchor in Soil
Authors: Li Jin Hua
Published: June 2012

Based on the shear displacement constitutive relationship of the interface between anchorage body and surrounding soil, the load transfer function method is applied to build a elastic-plastic space model. Accordingly the relationship between drawing force and displacement of prestressed anchor is analysed to acquie theoretical formula of P-S curve. The pullout test is carried out on six prestressed anchor in soil to get P-S curves. The experimental results agree quite well on the theoretical results.
Wetland Area Holdings in the Yangtze River Estuary
Authors: Lei Zhi Yi , Xu Chang Xin
Published: June 2012

Wetland resource in Shanghai city is very abundant, and the contradiction between human development and land limit is very violent, so that the development and utilization of wetlands is inevitable. It’s an important way to reclaim wetland to solve the contradiction in Shanghai. Protection can not only take the natural state of wetlands to maintain, and should not be only one habitat model. This paper proposes wetland area balance principle. Then the feasibility of wetland area balance is studied, and wetland area-holdings is proposed as a new concept. Select Jiuduansha wetland, East Chongming wetland and Nanhui beach wetland as examples, the processes of estuarine wetlands development and silting up are studied, research shows that the principle of area balance can be achieved in Yangtze River Estuary.
Study on Emulsion Polymerization of Fluorinated Acrylate and its Application
Authors: Fan Dan , Li Zhan Xiong , Ye Hao Hua , Yuan Jing
Published: June 2012

Using fluorinated acrylate (FDA) as functional monomer,the co-polymeric emulsion were prepared with acrylates(homemade) as soft monomers,sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and Span-80 as emulsifie,ammonium persulfate as initiator,and methyl methacrylate(MMA) as stiff monomer.The obtained latex was characterized by FT-IR,and was used to treat cotton fabrics. Adopting two dipping and two padding finishing processes, then the treated fibrics were dried at 110°C for 1.5 min,finally cured at 170°C for 3min.The contact angles, water/oil repellency and mechanical properties of treated fabrics were tested. The results showed that the contact angle can approach to 134.3 °, water-repellency rate and oil-repellency rate of the treated fabrics can reach grade 3-4 and 1, respectively. There was little change in whiteness and wrinkle recovery angle.
Concerning the Material Circular Management of the Industrial Enterprise under the 3R Principle
Authors: Zhou Mao Ping , Xu Ming Zhen
Published: June 2012

The core of the industrial enterprise developing circular economy is the material circulation. Only by updating the idea of value, building the construction of management, supporting from technology, can it be ruled and improved. Base on that, Make sure the new enterprise’s value management concept of society and comprehensive; Set up and perfect the management system about the conservation of resources; Establish an effective material cycle management and technical supporting system.
Cyclic Carbonation Properties of CMA as CO2 Sorbent at High Temperatures
Authors: Li Ying Jie , Xie Xin , Liu Chang Tian , Niu Sheng Li
Published: June 2012

Calcium-based minerals cyclic calcination/carbonation reaction is an effective approach to CO2 capture for coal-fired power plants. It was proposed that dolomite modified with acetic acid solution, i.e. calcium magnesium acetate (CMA), acted as a new CO2 sorbent for calcination/carbonation cycles. The carbonation conversions for CMA and dolomite with the number of cycles were experimentally investigated. The cyclic conversion for CMA is much greater than that for dolomite for the carbonation at 650-700 °C. The carbonation conversion for CMA achieves as high as 0.6 after 20 cycles. CMA maintains the great conversion for calcination at 1100 °C. CMA had a better anti-sintering than dolomite. The pore volume and pore area distributions for calcined CMA are superior to those for calcined dolomite.
Research Progress on TiO2-Based Visible Light Photocatalyst
Authors: Cheng Xian Xiong , Zhao Yong Hong , Zhang Tao , Zhou Dan
Published: June 2012

In this paper the progress on research of visible light response TiO2photocatalyst was summarized. From the perspectives of positive ion doping, nonmetal elements doping, precious metals deposit, dye photosensitization and new type composite photocatalyst, the paper investigated the preparation, photocatalysis mechanism, effects and shortcomings of the concerned material. The research situation, progress and prospects of visible light response TiO2photocatalyst were described systematically.
Adsorption of a Non-Woven Fabric with Activated Carbon for CO2
Authors: Liu Bing Tao , Shui Yong Hong , Zhu Guang Yu
Published: June 2012

The adsorption of CO2 on a non-woven fabric with activated carbon before and after dipping treatment has been studied. It has been found that dipping treatment with Na2CO3 and KOH can improve the adsorption of CO2 on the non-woven fabric. KOH is a better dipping agent than Na2CO3. High temperature is beneficial to the adsorption of CO2 on the fabric dipped with KOH. With increasing relative humidity, the adsorption efficiency is decreased for both original fabric and that dipped with KOH. Increasing adsorption layer number can improve adsorption efficiency. However, when the number of adsorption layers exceeds 3 the increased amplitude of adsorption efficiency is obviously reduced, while the pressure loss of the system is remarkably increased.
Application of Rare Earth Elements in Lead-Free “Green Steel”
Authors: Li Zhuang , Wu Di , Lv Wei
Published: June 2012

In this paper, free cutting austenitic stainless steel containing rare earths was investigated. The machinability tests were conducted by using an YDC-Ⅲ85 dynamometer on a CA6164 lathe. The metallurgical properties, machinability and mechanical properties of lead-free “green steel” were compared with those of the conventional austenitic stainless steel. The results have shown that globular shape MnS inclusions were obtained, and rare earths elements were enwrapped in sulfides. The machinability of austenitic stainless steel containing sulfur and rare earth was improved. A satisfactory mechanical property was attributed to the formation of globular shape sulfides. Lead can be replaced by sulfur and rare earth, and environmentally undesirable substances can be eliminated.
Comparative Studies of Two Fenton-Like Catalysts: Fe2O3 and Fe2O3/Attapulgite
Authors: Zhang Ting , Wang Yi , Yu Shu Rong , Feng Hui Xia
Published: June 2012

Fe2O3 and Fe2O3/attapulgite(ATP) catalyst was used for Fenton reaction to degrade an anion surfactant, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate(SDBS)，in an aqueous solution. Comparative studies indicated that Fe2O3/ATP-catalyzed Fenton system and Fe2O3-catalyzed Fenton system have the same catalysis capability. These two systems all have a widely pH range (2-10), and the catalysts can be reused and have no secondary pollutants. It also can be seen that Fe2O3/ATP-catalyzed Fenton-like reaction has much efficiency than Fe2O3-catalyzed Fenton reaction.
Constructing TiO2/Gr with Rapid Electrons Transfer for Efficiency Photocatalysis
Authors: Tang Cheng Hua , Dong Xiao Li , Ma Chun , Zhang Xin Xin , Ma Hong Chao , Zhang Xiu Fang
Published: June 2012

TiO2/Gr powders were fabricated by hydrothermal method. Their micro-structure was characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results revealed TiO2 particles anchored on the Gr sheets. DRS analysis indicated there was an obvious red shift of the absorption edge of TiO2/Gr compared to that of TiO2. The experiment of photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) showed that the degradation rate with TiO2/Gr was 2.40 times as much as that with TiO2. The enhanced photocatalytic performance was firstly attribSubscript textuted to the rapid transfer of the photogenerated electrons from TiO2 to Gr, which could increase the charge carrier separation, limit their recombination, and enhance the photocatalytic efficiency. Furthermore, the extended light absorption range may also contribute to the enhanced photocatalytic performance.
Effect of Erbium Ions Doping on the Properties and Photocatalytic Acitvity of Bi12TiO20
Authors: Bi De Fu , Tan Dong Dong , Ma Cheng Yu , Xu Shi Hong
Published: June 2012

An erbium ion doped Bi12TiO20 was prepared by a simple method. XRD and UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) were used to characterize the prepared photocatalysts. The results indicated that the erbium ion dopant had no influence on the phase of Bi12TiO20 and can extend its visible light adsorption spectra. Photocatalytic activities of the prepared samples were evaluated using methyl orange as a model organic compound. The results showed that doping with 0.5 mol% Er3+ can significantly improve the photocatalytic performance of Bi12TiO20.
Effects of Acid and Heat Treatments on the Structure of Sepiolite and its Adsorption of Tannin
Authors: Su Cheng Yuan , Li Wei Guang , Chen Meng Lin
Published: June 2012

In this paper, it was investigated the changes of structure of sepiolites under different conditions of acid treatments and heat treatments using fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR). At the same time, through the tannin adsorption experiments, it was studied the changes adsorption properties of sepiolites by acid treatments and heat treatments. The H2SO4 treatment was found to be more effective for the removal of tannin than HCl and HNO3 treatments. With increasing the acid concentration and acid treatment time of H2SO4, the removal rates and adsorption capacity of tannin by sepiolites were first increased and then decreased. The removal rates and adsorption capacity were 61.0% and 23.7mg/g when the acid concentration was 4.0mol/l. And the removal rates and adsorption capacity were 62.5% and 24.3mg/g when the acid treatment time was 16 hours. The calcinations treatment exhibited significant effects on the adsorption of tannin. The removal rates and adsorption capacity were 77.9% and 30.8mg/g when the calcined temperature was 400°C. However, when the calcined temperature was 700°C, the removal rates and adsorption capacity were only 54.1% and 20.8mg/g.
Molecular Cloning and Characterization Analysis of Phosphofructokinase Gene from Dunaliella parva
Authors: Shang Chang Hua , Wang Zhong Ming , Zhu Shun Ni , Qin Lei , Yuan Zhen Hong
Published: June 2012

Phosphofructokinase (PFK), which catalyses the phosphorylation of fructose-6-phosphate to fructose-1,6- bisphosphate, a key regulatory step in the glycolytic pathway. The former studies indicated the PFK could enhance glycolysis. The full-length cDNA encoding PFK was obtained from oleaginous microalgae Dunaliella parva, which include 1572 bp open reading frame (ORF), 254 bp 5′-untranslated sequence and 323 bp 3′-untranslated sequence. Dunaliella parva PFK showed the highest sequence similarity with the PFK from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and Volvox carteri. The Dunaliella parva PFK also showed wide similarity with other species.
Fabrication, Characterization and Photocatalytic Capability of ZnAl2O4 Nanospheres
Authors: Zhao Ling , Li Xin Yong , Zhao Ji
Published: June 2012

Developing photocatalysts with specific morphology promises good opportunities to discover the geometry dependent properties. Porous and spherical shaped superstructure of ZnAl2O4was successfully synthesized by a facile wet chemical solution-phase method. Their surface morphology and structure were investigated by X-ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectra and Brunauer-Emmet-Teller N2gas adsorption-desorption isotherms. The optical property of the ZnAl2O4nanospheres were studied by UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. The ZnAl2O4nanospheres exhibited a good photocatalytic activity in degrading rhodamine B.
Hydrothermal Synthesis and Photocatalytic Property of Flower-Like ZnO Hierarchical Microstructures
Authors: Zhang Zhan Ying , Li Yan Wei , Sun Guang , Qi Feng Xiao , Wu Nai Teng , Cao Jian Liang , Bala Ha Ri
Published: June 2012

ZnO hierarchical microstructures with uniform flower-like morphology were successfully prepared on a large scale through a carboxymethylcellulose sodium (CMC)-assisted hydrothermal route. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) measurement confirmed the formation of wurtzite-structured ZnO phase. Field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis indicated that the as-prepared ZnO sample was composed of numerous three dimensional flower-like microstructures, each of which was assembled by nanosheets with the thickness of about 40 nm. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) measurement revealed the good crystallinity nature of the ZnO nanosheets in the flower-like microstructures. The formation mechanism and photocatalytic property of the as-prepared flower-like ZnO hierarchical microstructures were studied.
NO Reduction by CH4 over NiCo/MOR Catalysts in the Presence of Oxygen
Authors: Wang Hong , Li Cui Qing , Ding Fu Chen , Song Yong Ji , Lu Xue Bing
Published: June 2012

The Ni(x)Co(10)/MOR (x = 0.01, 0.15, 0.30) catalysts were prepared by the impregnating method. The catalysts were characterized by XRD, NH3-TPD and NO-TPD. The catalytic activity was evaluated with fixed-bed reactor. The results shown that cobalt species was present in the surface of MOR zeolite in the form of Co3O4, and the catalytic activity, acidity and adsorption of NO were affected by Ni/Co molar ratio. The Ni(0.01)Co(10)/MOR catalyst had better activity, the conversion of NO was 56.9% at 340 °C.
Preparation and Wastewater Treatment of Polymeric Aluminum Chloride from Coal Gangue
Authors: Wang Rui Gang , Xin Yun Ling
Published: June 2012

The preparation of polymeric aluminum chloride(PAC) uses industrial waste coal gangue as raw materials was studied. The effects of reaction conditions such as roasting temperature, acid molar ratio, concentration of hydrochloric acid and acid leaching time were studied, the ideal reaction conditions for the preparation of PAC was determined. The result of the experiment for treating wastewater shows that the performance of PAC prepared from coal gangue is much better than that of commercial PAC.
Preparation of Potassium Ferrate and Ferrate(VI) Oxidation of Phenanthrene
Authors: Tan Xue Mei , Ji Fang Ying , Wang Xiao Dong , Zhang Gui Zhi
Published: June 2012

Potassium ferrate has good application prospect in water treatment owing to its strong oxidation in the entire pH range and its decomposition Fe3+ with the characteristics of non-toxic and good coagulation effect of flocculation, etc. In this paper, the main material is calcium hypochlorite, which is used to optimize the preparation of potassium ferrate by traditional hypochlorite oxidation methods without applying chlorine in addition. XRD and IR were used to characterize the final product-potassium ferrate; while the concentration of potassium ferrate solution is determined using direct spectrophotometric method for quantitative analysis during the reaction system. The results show that the reaction temperature 25 °C, re-crystallization temperature -5 °C and reaction time 40 minutes will make yield up to 80% and the purity of the product to 97%. As the representitive substance of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs), Phenanthrene can be used as target object in the analysis of K2FeO4’ oxidation property when pH is 9.5 and illuminated by xenon lamp. The result shows that as reaction concentration is 10mg/L, phenanthrene’s degradation effect becomes very obvious while accumilative degradation ratio reaches up to 65.5% after 60 mins of system reaction.
Preparation of Strong Alkali Anion Exchange Fiber and its Application in Nitrate Adsorption
Authors: Li Rui Zhi , Wang Yu , Xiao Hua Ming , Zhang Zheng Pu
Published: June 2012

Two kinds of new type of strong alkali anion exchange fibers (PP-g-Vam-ETA and PP-g-Vam-DAC) have been prepared non-toxically and easily via the quaternary reaction of PP-g-Vam matrix (a kind of weakly basic anion-exchange fiber, produced by our Lab.) with ETA (2,3-epoxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride) and the grafting reaction of PP-g-Vam matrix with DAC (acyrloxyethyl trimethylammonium chloride). The exchange capacities of PP-g-Vam-ETA and PP-g-Vam-DAC are 2.1018mmol/g (dry fiber) and 2.0217mmol/g (dry fiber) resp. Its adsorption and desorption performances for NO3- have been studied. The adsorption isotherm curve has been well described by Langmuir equation. The fibers have selective adsorption property for NO3-. The static adsorption capacity of PP-g-Vam-ETA is 11.24 mg/g (dry fiber at pH=3); and PP-g-Vam-DAC is 9.79 mg/g (dry fiber at pH=4). The static desorption rate of the two fibers are above 97%.
Research on Physical and Chemical Properties of Different Biochars
Authors: Huang Yu Wei , Chen Wen Fu , Sun Da Quan , Guan Xue Chao , Zhang Wei Ming , Yu Lan , Gao Ji Ping , Meng Jun
Published: June 2012

To provide instructive information for biochar research based on utilization of agricultural residues scientifically, we investigated physical and chemical properties of different biochars. According to a registered patent method from our institute, and a simple corncob pellet kiln and relevant biochar prepare method, we chose maize straw, rice hull and corncob et al. as raw materials and measured micro-structure, element composition, specific surface area, total pore volume and average pore diameter of these materials. Results showed that biochars from all materials behaved smoothly, clear structure and average C content 60%, average ash content less than 33%. All biochars were alkaline. With high porosity, peanut hull biochar and mushroom matrix biochar tended to be designed as fertilizer carrier in agriculture. In terms of nutrients analysis, maize straw and corncob were qualified to be applied to low potassium content and low pH soil, but rice hull biochar should be used on low phosphorous content soil. There would be a wide applying spectrum of soil for rice straw biochar.
Planting Sweet Sorghum in Yellow River Delta: The Cultivation Measure, Yield and Effect on Soil Microflora
Authors: Fan Hai , Wu Hai Dong , Zhou Mei Li , Zhang Ya , Ding Tong Lou , Wang Bao Shan
Published: June 2012

Field experiment was conducted in the saline soil of Yellow River Delta between May to Oct. Sweet sorghum was planted with different cultivation measures to test the effect of plastic mulch, plant density, organic manure application and additional fertilizer application on the yield, stalk juice Brix and extraction rate. The soil bacteria and actinomycetes quantities were also determined after harvesting to test the amelioration effects of different measures on soil.
Research Progress in Biodegradation of Firefighting Foam
Authors: Bao Zhi Ming , Zhang Xian Zhong , Fu Xue Cheng , Hu Ying Nian
Published: June 2012

Firefighting foam is highly effective in suppressing and extinguishing liquid fuel fires. As the concern of its environmental impacts growing, it is necessary to evaluate its biodegradation in the environment. This article briefly introduces the concept, classification, and the main component of firefighting foam. Also the principle, general process, basis mechanism of the biodegradation of firefighting foam are discussed. There is no standard test methods focusing on the biodegradation of firefighting foam, also relative research and reports are less. Limited research data abroad shows that the biodegradability of some foams are very low, and protein based foams may not easier to biodegrade than synthetic based foams.
Electrochemical Behaviour for Europium Doped Tantalum Oxide Coated Glass Carbon Electrode
Authors: Zhao Yan Hong , Zhang Chun Mei , Liu Ting , Du Qiang Qiang , Liang Sheng , Wang Xiao Jing
Published: June 2012

Europium doped tantalum oxide (europium-Ta2O5) particles were synthesized with a low temperature hydrothermal method. The electrochemical behaviour of an europium-Ta2O5 film electrode in 0.1 mol dm-3 KCl solution containing 5 mmol dm-3 K3Fe(CN)6 was investigated using cyclic voltgrammetry (CV). The CV results indicated that the europium-Ta2O5 film electrode exhibited good stable and reversible electrochemistry properties. The electrochemical reaction of K3Fe(CN)6 was a diffusion-controlling process on the europium-Ta2O5 film electrode. The europium-Ta2O5 particles might have potential applications in electrochemical fields.
Research on Performance of the Monomers about Acrylic Pour Point Depressant
Authors: Wang Jing Chang , Zhao Jian Tao , Du Zhong Hua , Liu Chun Ming , Dong Xu
Published: June 2012

Kinds of pour point depressants were prepared from common monomers, octadecyl acrylate, maleic anhydride, styrene, acrylamide and vinyl acetate. Because the monomers have various functional groups, the performance of the polymers that were prepared from different monomers showed different. The performance of the pour point depressants on solubility in diesel and the drop of pour point on Daqing crude oil was studied. The results showed that styrene and vinyl acetate could increase the solubility of the pour point depressants; maleic anhydride and acrylamide could improve the drop of crude oil pour point; tercopolymer pour point depressants are more effective on the flow of crude oil than dimeric polymers, the highest drop of pour point was 14°C. Meanwhile, compostional pour point depressants are the best of them.
Investigation and Assessment on Perceive Air Quality of Dormitory Building
Authors: Xu Yu Mei , Sun Ke Chun
Published: June 2012

Sleep quality and mental health are directed influence to dormitory air quality. Sleep mode Work schedules is established by questionnaires, after the interconnection of PAQ, QPD and ACC is analysised, air quality of dormitory building is assessmented. The results show that dormitory air quality is influenced by windowing and living habit of undergraduate and the proportion of the dissatisfaction of air quality below 20%.
Brief Analysis of the Simulative Plutonium Aerosol Source-Term in the Circumstance of High Explosive Detonation
Authors: Liu Wen Jie , Wang Peng Lai , Xiao Zhi Qiang
Published: June 2012

The plutonium material in weapons grade nuclear device would be aerosolized and dispersed into the atmosphere if the device was involved in a high explosive detonation. It is significant to investigate the environmental and public hazard caused by the possible dispersion of plutonium. The original work is to determine the source terms of plutonium aerosol in certain nuclear accident scenario. In such scenario the inhalation of plutonium aerosols is the main human hazard source. Only the plutonium aerosols with aerodynamic diameter less than 10 μm are respirable and may ultimately lead to fatal human death. The field detonation test with plutonium by U.S. government is reviewed and the results indicate that for expected high explosive detonation scenario the plutonium source terms are 100 % aerosolization and 20 % respirable fraction. In order to find the aerosolized similarity of plutonium and several conventional metals, two detonation experiments in which the stannum foil and the vanadium powder are used as the replacement of plutonium respectively have been conducted by our group. After the detonation the metal aerosols are collected and analyzed. It has been found that the metallic powder is much easier to be aerosolized than the foil while the integrated aerosol source terms (respirable mass fractions) of stannum and vanadium are quite different with plutonium. Unlike the integrated aerosol data, the differential source terms (cumulative mass fractions via particle size) of the simulative samples are partially similar with plutonium.