bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of Washable Silver Printed Textile Electrodes for Long-Term ECG Monitoring
Authors: Nigusse Abreha Bayrau , Malengier Benny , Mengistie Desalegn Alemu , Tseghai Granch Berhe , Van Langenhove Lieva
Published: November 2020

Long-term electrocardiography (ECG) monitoring is very essential for the early detection and treatment of cardiovascular disorders. However, commercially used silver/silver chloride (Ag/AgCl) electrodes have drawbacks, and these become more obvious during long-term signal monitoring, making them inconvenient for this use. In this study, we developed silver printed textile electrodes from knitted cotton and polyester fabric for ECG monitoring. The surface resistance of printed electrodes was 1.64 Ω/sq for cotton and 1.78 Ω/sq for polyester electrodes. The ECG detection performance of the electrodes was studied by placing three electrodes around the wrist where the electrodes were embedded on an elastic strap with Velcro. The ECG signals collected using textile electrodes had a comparable waveform to those acquired using standard Ag/AgCl electrodes with a signal to noise ratio (SNR) of 33.10, 30.17, and 33.52 dB for signals collected from cotton, polyester, and Ag/AgCl electrodes, respectively. The signal quality increased as the tightness of the elastic strap increased. Signals acquired at 15 mmHg pressure level with the textile electrodes provided a similar quality to those acquired using standard electrodes. Interestingly, the textile electrodes gave acceptable signal quality even after ten washing cycles.
Smart Helmet 5.0 for Industrial Internet of Things Using Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Campero-Jurado Israel , Márquez-Sánchez Sergio , Quintanar-Gómez Juan , Rodríguez Sara , Corchado Juan
Published: November 2020

Information and communication technologies (ICTs) have contributed to advances in Occupational Health and Safety, improving the security of workers. The use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) based on ICTs reduces the risk of accidents in the workplace, thanks to the capacity of the equipment to make decisions on the basis of environmental factors. Paradigms such as the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) make it possible to generate PPE models feasibly and create devices with more advanced characteristics such as monitoring, sensing the environment and risk detection between others. The working environment is monitored continuously by these models and they notify the employees and their supervisors of any anomalies and threats. This paper presents a smart helmet prototype that monitors the conditions in the workers’ environment and performs a near real-time evaluation of risks. The data collected by sensors is sent to an AI-driven platform for analysis. The training dataset consisted of 11,755 samples and 12 different scenarios. As part of this research, a comparative study of the state-of-the-art models of supervised learning is carried out. Moreover, the use of a Deep Convolutional Neural Network (ConvNet/CNN) is proposed for the detection of possible occupational risks. The data are processed to make them suitable for the CNN and the results are compared against a Static Neural Network (NN), Naive Bayes Classifier (NB) and Support Vector Machine (SVM), where the CNN had an accuracy of 92.05% in cross-validation.
How Good Are RGB Cameras Retrieving Colors of Natural Scenes and Paintings?—A Study Based on Hyperspectral Imaging
Authors: Linhares João M. M. , Monteiro José A. R. , Bailão Ana , Cardeira Liliana , Kondo Taisei , Nakauchi Shigeki , Picollo Marcello , Cucci Costanza , Casini Andrea , Stefani Lorenzo , Nascimento Sérgio Miguel Cardoso
Published: November 2020

RGB digital cameras (RGB) compress the spectral information into a trichromatic system capable of approximately representing the actual colors of objects. Although RGB digital cameras follow the same compression philosophy as the human eye (OBS), the spectral sensitivity is different. To what extent they provide the same chromatic experiences is still an open question, especially with complex images. We addressed this question by comparing the actual colors derived from spectral imaging with those obtained with RGB cameras. The data from hyperspectral imaging of 50 natural scenes and 89 paintings was used to estimate the chromatic differences between OBS and RGB. The corresponding color errors were estimated and analyzed in the color spaces CIELAB (using the color difference formulas ΔE*ab and CIEDE2000), Jzazbz, and iCAM06. In CIELAB the most frequent error (using ΔE*ab) found was 5 for both paintings and natural scenes, a similarity that held for the other spaces tested. In addition, the distribution of errors across the color space shows that the errors are small in the achromatic region and increase with saturation. Overall, the results indicate that the chromatic errors estimated are close to the acceptance error and therefore RGB digital cameras are able to produce quite realistic colors of complex scenarios.
Identification of Rice Sheath Blight through Spectral Responses Using Hyperspectral Images
Authors: Lin Fenfang , Guo Sen , Tan Changwei , Zhou Xingen , Zhang Dongyan
Published: November 2020

Sheath blight (ShB), caused by Rhizoctonia solani AG1-I, is one of the most important diseases in rice worldwide. The symptoms of ShB primarily develop on leaf sheaths and leaf blades. Hyperspectral remote sensing technology has the potential of rapid, efficient and accurate detection and monitoring of the occurrence and development of rice ShB and other crop diseases. This study evaluated the spectral responses of leaf blade fractions with different development stages of ShB symptoms to construct the spectral feature library of rice ShB based on “three-edge” parameters and narrow-band vegetation indices to identify the disease on the leaves. The spectral curves of leaf blade lesions have significant changes in the blue edge, green peak, yellow edge, red valley, red edge and near-infrared regions. The variables of the normalized index between green peak amplitude and red valley amplitude (Rg − Ro)/(Rg + Ro), the normalized index between the yellow edge area and blue edge area (SDy − SDb)/(SDy + SDb), the ratio index of green peak amplitude and red valley amplitude (Rg/Ro) and the nitrogen reflectance index (NRI) had high relevance to the disease. At the leaf scale, the importance weights of all attributes decreased with the effect of non-infected areas in a leaf by the ReliefF algorithm, with Rg/Ro being the indicator having the highest importance weight. Estimation rate of 95.5% was achieved in the decision tree classifier with the parameter of Rg/Ro. In addition, it was found that the variety degree of absorptive valley, reflection peak and reflecting steep slope was different in the blue edge, green and red edge regions, although there were similar spectral curve shapes between leaf sheath lesions and leaf blade lesions. The significant difference characteristic was the ratio index of the red edge area and green peak area (SDr/SDg) between them. These results can provide the basis for the development of a specific sensor or sensors system for detecting the ShB disease in rice.
Inter-Stage Output Voltage Amplitude Improvement Circuit Integrated with Class-B Transmit Voltage Amplifier for Mobile Ultrasound Machines
Authors: You Kiheum , Choi Hojong
Published: November 2020

Piezoelectric transducers are triggered by the output voltage signal of a transmit voltage amplifier (TVA). In mobile ultrasound instruments, the sensitivity of piezoelectric transducers is a critical parameter under limited power supply from portable batteries. Therefore, the enhancement of the output voltage amplitude of the amplifier under limited power supply could increase the sensitivity of the piezoelectric transducer. Several-stage TVAs are used to increase the voltage amplitude. However, inter-stage design issues between each TVA block may reduce the voltage amplitude and bandwidth because the electronic components of the amplifier are nonlinearly operated at the desired frequency ranges. To compensate for this effect, we propose a novel inter-stage output voltage amplitude improvement (OVAI) circuit integrated with a class-B TVA circuit. We performed fundamental A-mode pulse-echo tests using a 15-MHz immersion-type piezoelectric transducer to verify the design. The echo amplitude and bandwidth when using an inter-stage OVAI circuit integrated with a class-B TVA circuit (696 mVPP and 29.91%, respectively) were higher than those obtained when using only the class-B TVA circuit (576 mVPP and 24.21%, respectively). Therefore, the proposed OVAI circuit could be beneficial for increasing the output amplitude of the class-B TVA circuit for mobile ultrasound machines.
Detecting, Tracking and Counting People Getting On/Off a Metropolitan Train Using a Standard Video Camera
Authors: Velastin Sergio A. , Fernández Rodrigo , Espinosa Jorge E. , Bay Alessandro
Published: November 2020

The main source of delays in public transport systems (buses, trams, metros, railways) takes place in their stations. For example, a public transport vehicle can travel at 60 km per hour between stations, but its commercial speed (average en-route speed, including any intermediate delay) does not reach more than half of that value. Therefore, the problem that public transport operators must solve is how to reduce the delay in stations. From the perspective of transport engineering, there are several ways to approach this issue, from the design of infrastructure and vehicles to passenger traffic management. The tools normally available to traffic engineers are analytical models, microscopic traffic simulation, and, ultimately, real-scale laboratory experiments. In any case, the data that are required are number of passengers that get on and off from the vehicles, as well as the number of passengers waiting on platforms. Traditionally, such data has been collected manually by field counts or through videos that are then processed by hand. On the other hand, public transport networks, specially metropolitan railways, have an extensive monitoring infrastructure based on standard video cameras. Traditionally, these are observed manually or with very basic signal processing support, so there is significant scope for improving data capture and for automating the analysis of site usage, safety, and surveillance. This article shows a way of collecting and analyzing the data needed to feed both traffic models and analyze laboratory experimentation, exploiting recent intelligent sensing approaches. The paper presents a new public video dataset gathered using real-scale laboratory recordings. Part of this dataset has been annotated by hand, marking up head locations to provide a ground-truth on which to train and evaluate deep learning detection and tracking algorithms. Tracking outputs are then used to count people getting on and off, achieving a mean accuracy of 92% with less than 0.15% standard deviation on 322 mostly unseen dataset video sequences.
Statistical Beamforming for Massive MIMO Systems with Distinct Spatial Correlations
Authors: Kim Taehyoung , Park Sangjoon
Published: November 2020

In this paper, we propose a novel statistical beamforming (SBF) method called the partial-nulling-based SBF (PN-SBF) to serve a number of users that are undergoing distinct degrees of spatial channel correlations in massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. We consider a massive MIMO system with two user groups. The first group experiences a low spatial channel correlation, whereas the second group has a high spatial channel correlation, which can happen in massive MIMO systems that are based on fifth-generation networks. By analyzing the statistical signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio, it can be observed that the statistical beamforming vector for the low-correlation group should be designed as the orthogonal complement for the space spanned by the aggregated channel covariance matrices of the high-correlation group. Meanwhile, the spatial degrees of freedom for the high-correlation group should be preserved without cancelling the interference to the low-correlation group. Accordingly, a group-common pre-beamforming matrix is applied to the low-correlation group to cancel the interference to the high-correlation group. In addition, to deal with the intra-group interference in each group, the post-beamforming vector for each group is designed in the manner of maximizing the signal-to-leakage-and-noise ratio, which yields additional performance improvements for the PN-SBF. The simulation results verify that the proposed PN-SBF outperforms the conventional SBF schemes in terms of the ergodic sum rate for the massive MIMO systems with distinct spatial correlations, without the rate ceiling effect in the high signal-to-noise ratio region unlike conventional SBF schemes.
Far Away, So Close? The Role of Destructive Leadership in the Job Demands–Resources and Recovery Model in Emergency Telework
Authors: Dolce Valentina , Vayre Emilie , Molino Monica , Ghislieri Chiara
Published: November 2020

During the Covid-19 pandemic, people started teleworking intensively, which has led to some benefits in terms of economic continuity, but also some complaints. International teams of scholars have pointed out the new work-related challenges, underlining leaders’ role in successfully managing them. This study aimed at investigating the role of destructive leadership in the job demands–resources and recovery model during the Covid-19 pandemic. In detail, this study intended to assess (1) whether destructive leadership is positively associated with off-work-hours technology-assisted job demand (off-TAJD) and cognitive demands, as well as whether it decreases autonomy, (2) whether two demands—off-TAJD and cognitive demands—and two resources—social support and autonomy—are respectively negatively and positively related to recovery, and (3) whether recovery mediates the relationship between demands, resources, and exhaustion. A total of 716 French remote workers (61% were women) took part in this study. Data were collected using a self-report questionnaire. A multi-group structural equation model was used to test the hypotheses. The findings confirmed a significant association between destructive leadership, the two job demands, and autonomy; furthermore, all three variables mediated the relationship between destructive leadership and recovery. The findings showed the key role played by recovery as a mediator between, on one hand, off-TAJD, cognitive demands, autonomy, and social support, and, on the other hand, exhaustion. This study highlighted the role of destructive leadership, job resources, job demands, and recovery as determinants of exhaustion, illustrating their relationships in a sample of remote workers. Practical implications are discussed.
Sample Preparation Techniques for the Analysis of Microplastics in Soil—A Review
Authors: Thomas Daniela , Schütze Berit , Heinze Wiebke Mareile , Steinmetz Zacharias
Published: November 2020

Although most plastic pollution originates on land, current research largely remains focused on aquatic ecosystems. Studies pioneering terrestrial microplastic research have adapted analytical methods from aquatic research without acknowledging the complex nature of soil. Meanwhile, novel methods have been developed and further refined. However, methodical inconsistencies still challenge a comprehensive understanding of microplastic occurrence and fate in and on soil. This review aims to disentangle the variety of state-of-the-art sample preparation techniques for heterogeneous solid matrices to identify and discuss best-practice methods for soil-focused microplastic analyses. We show that soil sampling, homogenization, and aggregate dispersion are often neglected or incompletely documented. Microplastic preconcentration is typically performed by separating inorganic soil constituents with high-density salt solutions. Not yet standardized but currently most used separation setups involve overflowing beakers to retrieve supernatant plastics, although closed-design separation funnels probably reduce the risk of contamination. Fenton reagent may be particularly useful to digest soil organic matter if suspected to interfere with subsequent microplastic quantification. A promising new approach is extraction of target polymers with organic solvents. However, insufficiently characterized soils still impede an informed decision on optimal sample preparation. Further research and method development thus requires thorough validation and quality control with well-characterized matrices to enable robust routine analyses for terrestrial microplastics.
Understanding Regional Risk Factors for Cancer: A Cluster Analysis of Lifestyle, Environment and Socio-Economic Status in Poland
Authors: Majcherek Dawid , Weresa Marzenna Anna , Ciecierski Christina
Published: November 2020

To date, no results have been published regarding cluster analysis of risk factors for cancer in Poland. Many cancer deaths are preventable through the modification of cancer risk behaviours. This study explores the multidisciplinary connection between lifestyle, environment and socio-economic status (SES). Cluster analyses indicate that major metropolitan areas and large industrial regions differ significantly in terms of SES, lifestyle and environment when compared with other parts of Poland. Our findings show that in order for interventions to be effective, cancer-prevention policy should be addressed on both local and national scales. While anti-cancer policies in Poland’s industrial regions should focus on air pollution, the country’s northern regions should aim to curb smoking, increase sports activity and improve SES. Policy interventions must target the root causes of cancer in each region of Poland and must account for SES.
Estimation of Equivalence Scale and Assessment of Its Impact on Poverty Measurement in Bangladesh
Authors: Rahman Md. Matiur , Jeon Seung-Hoon , Yoon Kyoung-Soo
Published: November 2020

Anti-poverty policies for sustainable development require efficient targeting, for which appropriate poverty lines play a crucial role. In Bangladesh, official poverty lines are estimated with the implicit assumption that there are no economies of scale in household consumption with respect to household size or composition, which raises the question of the accuracy and reliability of the measurement of poverty line. We test the existence of economies of scale, estimate their size, and assess the impact of applying equivalence scale to poverty measurement, using the 2010 Household Income and Expenditure Survey data of Bangladesh. The results confirm the existence of economies of scale in household consumption. Following the model developed by Kakwani and Son, the overall index of economies of scale in household consumption is estimated around 0.85. Modified poverty lines show that under official poverty lines, the probability of being poor is high with respect to household size. The result implies that the poverty head-count ratio(HCR) for households with large number of members might be overestimated in Bangladesh, and that there may be an incentive for low income families to enlarge family size to avail of anti-poverty public transfers.
Untangling the Impact of Green Finance on the Enterprise Green Performance: A Meta-Analytic Approach
Authors: Xu Hengjie , Mei Qiang , Shahzad Fakhar , Liu Suxia , Long Xingle , Zhang Jingjing
Published: November 2020

In recent years, with sustainable development strategies, the conflict between economic development and natural resources has become increasingly severe. Meanwhile, green finance’s emergence is due to the rethinking of human economic activities under global warming conditions and the energy crisis. Thus, this study aims to analyze the relationship between green finance and enterprise green performance using a meta-analytic approach. This study has used Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Software (CMA) 2.0 for meta-analysis and applied the Hunter and Schmidt model for statistical analysis to test the proposed hypotheses. This study finds a significant positive correlation between green finance and enterprise green performance and proves that firm type and region play a moderating role in the relationship between green finance and enterprise green performance. However, profitability does not significantly moderate the relationship between green finance and enterprise green performance.
What We Can Learn from Environmental and Outdoor Education during COVID-19: A Lesson in Participatory Risk Management
Authors: Beery Thomas
Published: November 2020

COVID-19 has impacted education on all levels, with many institutions turning to online formats to deal with the global public health crisis. This study aims to carefully consider participatory risk management, given concerns about the specific impact of COVID-19 upon environmental and outdoor education. An environmental and outdoor education expedition-style university-based field course at the Laponia World Heritage Site provided the context for considering environmental and outdoor education’s response to COVID-19. Whether or how risk could be effectively managed in the unique setting during the COVID-19 pandemic was explored using action research methodology. A combination of systematic instructor observation, student–instructor communication, and surveys to student participants provided the data to consider the research question. Outcomes underscore the critical role of participatory risk management in environmental and outdoor education settings and highlight the concept of interdependence in environmental and outdoor education risk management. In addition, the research provides support for the action research idea of practitioners as researchers.
Does Economic Policy Uncertainty Affect CO2 Emissions? Empirical Evidence from the United States
Authors: Wang Qing , Xiao Kefeng , Lu Zhou
Published: November 2020

This paper aims to examine the effects of economic policy uncertainty (measured by the World Uncertainty Index—WUI) on the level of CO2 emissions in the United States for the period from 1960 to 2016. For this purpose, we consider the unit root test with structural breaks and the autoregressive-distributed lag (ARDL) model. We find that the per capita income promotes CO2 emissions in the long run. Similarly, the WUI measures are positively associated with CO2 emissions in the long run. Energy prices negatively affect CO2 emissions both in the short run and the long run. Possible implications of climate change are also discussed.
The Topology of Pediatric Structural Asymmetries in Language-Related Cortex
Authors: Eckert Mark , Iuricich Federico , Vaden Kenneth , Glaze Brittany ,   Dyslexia Data Consortium
Published: November 2020

Structural asymmetries in language-related brain regions have long been hypothesized to underlie hemispheric language laterality and variability in language functions. These structural asymmetries have been examined using voxel-level, gross volumetric, and surface area measures of gray matter and white matter. Here we used deformation-based and persistent homology approaches to characterize the three-dimensional topology of brain structure asymmetries within language-related areas that were defined in functional neuroimaging experiments. Persistence diagrams representing the range of values for each spatially unique structural asymmetry were collected within language-related regions of interest across 212 children (mean age (years) = 10.56, range 6.39–16.92; 39% female). These topological data exhibited both leftward and rightward asymmetries within the same language-related regions. Permutation testing demonstrated that age and sex effects were most consistent and pronounced in the superior temporal sulcus, where older children and males had more rightward asymmetries. While, consistent with previous findings, these associations exhibited small effect sizes that were observable because of the relatively large sample. In addition, the density of rightward asymmetry structures in nearly all language-related regions was consistently higher than the density of leftward asymmetric structures. These findings guide the prediction that the topological pattern of structural asymmetries in language-related regions underlies the organization of language.
Plaque Reduction Neutralization Test (PRNT) in the Congenital Zika Syndrome: Positivity and Associations with Laboratory, Clinical, and Imaging Characteristics
Authors: Ribeiro Marizélia R. C. , Khouri Ricardo , Sousa Patrícia S. , Branco Maria R. F. C. , Batista Rosângela F. L. , Costa Elaine P. F. , Alves Maria T. S. S. B. , Amaral Gláucio A. , Borges Marcella C. R. , Takahasi Eliana H. M. , Gomes Líllian N. , Mendes Ana K. T. , Cavalcante Tamires B. , Costa Luciana C. , Félix Alvina C. , Souza Nathalia C. S. , Silva Antônio A. M.
Published: November 2020

The short duration of viremia, low blood viral load, inaccessibility to timely specific diagnostic tests, and cross-reactions with other flaviviruses have hindered laboratory confirmation of Congenital Zika Syndrome (CZS). This study analyzes the positivity of the plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT) in children with clinical or imaging characteristics of CZS and its association with laboratory, clinical, and imaging characteristics. The 94 clinical cases of CZS submitted to the ZIKV PRNT90 test were followed from 2016 to 2018. The mean age of children at PRNT90 collection was 22 ± 6 months Standard Deviation. The ZIKV PRNT90 was positive (titer ≥ 10) in 40 (42.5%) children. ZIKV PRNT90 positivity was associated with severe microcephaly in newborns (p = 0.016), lower head circumference z-score at birth (p = 0.043) and 24 months of age (p = 0.031), and severe reduction of the cerebral parenchyma volume (p = 0.021), expressing greater disease severity. Negative PRNT90 in children with characteristic signs of CZS may be due to false-negative results, indicating that the diagnosis of CZS should be primarily syndromic.
Identification of Shigatoxigenic and Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli Serotypes in Healthy Young Dairy Calves in Belgium by Recto-Anal Mucosal Swabbing
Authors: Habets Audrey , Engelen Frederik , Duprez Jean-Noël , Devleesschauwer Brecht , Heyndrickx Marc , De Zutter Lieven , Thiry Damien , Cox Eric , Mainil Jacques
Published: November 2020

Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC), enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC), and Shigatoxigenic E. coli (STEC) are carried by healthy adult cattle and even more frequently by young calves in their intestinal tract, especially at the height of the recto-anal junction. The purpose of the present study was to assess the presence of ten EHEC, EPEC, and/or STEC O serotypes (O5, O26, O80, O103, O111, O118, O121, O145, O157, and O165) in calves sampled via recto-anal mucosal swabs (RAMS) at three dairy farms in Belgium. A total of 233 RAMS were collected on three consecutive occasions from healthy <6-month-old Holstein-Friesian calves and submitted to a PCR targeting the eae, stx1, and stx2 genes after non-selective overnight enrichment growth. The 148 RAMS testing positive were streaked on four (semi-)selective agar media; of the 2146 colonies tested, 294 from 69 RAMS were PCR-confirmed as EHEC, EPEC, or STEC. The most frequent virulotype was eae+ EPEC and the second one was stx1+ stx2+ STEC, while the eae+ stx1+ and eae+ stx1+ stx2+ virulotypes were the most frequent among EHEC. The majority of EHEC (73%) tested positive for one of the five O serotypes detected (O26, O103, O111, O145, or O157) vs. 23% of EPEC and 45% of STEC. Similarly, more RAMS (73%) harbored EHEC isolates positive for those five serotypes compared to EPEC (53%) or STEC (52%). This survey confirms that (i) healthy young dairy calves are asymptomatic carriers of EHEC and EPEC in Belgium; (ii) the carrier state rates, the virulotypes, and the identified O serotypes differ between farms and in time; and (iii) a majority of EPEC belong to so far unidentified O serotypes.
Contrasting a Misinterpretation of the Reverse Contrast
Authors: Agostini Tiziano , Murgia Mauro , Sors Fabrizio , Prpic Valter , Galmonte Alessandra
Published: November 2020

The reverse contrast is a perceptual phenomenon in which the effect of the classical simultaneous lightness contrast is reversed. In classic simultaneous lightness contrast configurations, a gray surrounded by black is perceived lighter than an identical gray surrounded by white, but in the reverse contrast configurations, the perceptual outcome is the opposite: a gray surrounded by black appears darker than the same gray surrounded by white. The explanation provided for the reverse contrast (by different authors) is the belongingness of the gray targets to a more complex configuration. Different configurations show the occurrence of these phenomena; however, the factors determining this effect are not always the same. In particular, some configurations are based on both belongingness and assimilation, while one configuration is based only on belongingness. The evidence that different factors determine the reverse contrast is crucial for future research dealing with achromatic color perception and, in particular, with lightness induction phenomena.
Bolivia’s media landscape
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University, SHTAYNMILLERE Anastasia
Published: November 2020

This study analyzes and systematizes the history and political and territorial structure of the Plurinational State of Bolivia, examines the role of international contacts between Russia and Bolivia, as well as analyzes the system of Bolivian media and the nature of their rhetoric towards Russia.
EFFICIENCY OF THE USE OF GENETIC POTENTIAL OF SEED BULLS FROM VARIOUS LINES
Authors: ХАЙРУЛЛИНА Н.И. , ФЕНЧЕНКО Н.Г. , ШАМСУТДИНОВ Д.Х. , ШАГАЛИЕВ Ф.М.
Published: November 2020

Проведена оценка по качеству потомства быков-производителей перспективных линий черно-пестрой и голштинской пород на маточном поголовье черно-пестрой породы методом «дочери—сверстницы», что позволило определить лучших племенных животных для планового закрепления в стаде. Результаты исследований показывают, что используемых производителей можно условно разделить на 3 группы: с высокой племенной ценностью (ПЦ) по удою (Набат 209, Кадр 1386, принадлежащих линии Аннас Адема 30587) и МДЖ (Фантик 1550, Валун 1771 — л. Аннас Адема 30587; Дорис 1060 — л. Р. Соверинга 198998 и Корнет 251 — л. Вис Бэк Айдиала 1013415); со средней (Фагот 58, Банкир 109, Корнет 251, Миксер 312 и Жест 1401 — л. Вис Бэк Айдиала 1013415; Девик 6200 — л. Р. Соверинга 198998; Дождь 1839, Зенит 5209 — л. Посейдона 239) и с незначительной ПЦ (Банкир 109, Валун 1771 и Каскад 1596 — л. Вис Бэк Айдиала 1013415, Аннас Адема 305874 и Танталуса 203, соответственно). Наиболее значимыми в племенном отношении как по удою, так и по жиру являются быки-производители черно-пестрой породы линий Аннас Адема 30587 и Посейдона 239 с ПЦ 271,56 и 274,16 кг, 0,02 и 0,05%, соответственно. С целью повышения продуктивных качеств крупного рогатого скота черно-пестрой породы желательно максимально использовать быков-производителей с высокой племенной ценностью, обеспечивающих реализацию генетического потенциала, проявившегося в их потомстве, путем целенаправленной селекционно-племенной работы со стадом.

The assessment according to the quality of offspring from the seed bulls of the prospective lines belonging to black-and-white and Holstein cattle breeds was carried out on the pedigree stock of the black-and-white breed using the method of daughter-herdmate allowing to determine which breeding animals are the best for planned settlement in the herd. Research results show that the seed bulls used can be conditionally divided into 3 groups: with high breeding value (BV) in terms of milk yield (Nabat 209, Kadr 1386, belonging to Annas Adema 30587 line) and mJ (Fantik 1550, Valun 1771 — Annas Adema 30587 line; Doris 1060 — R. Sovering 198998 line, and Cornet 251 — Vis Back Ideal 1013415 line); with average (Fagot 58, Bankir 109, Cornet 251, Mixer 312, and Jest 1401 — Vis Back Ideal 1013415 line; Devik 6200 — R. Sovering 198998 line; Dozhd 1839, Zenit 5209 — Poseidon 239 line) and insignificant BV (Bankir 109, Valun 1771, and Cascad 1596 - Vis Back Ideal 1013415, Annas Adema 305874, and Tantalus 203 lines, accordingly). The most significant in breeding terms, both in milk yield and fat, are seed bulls of the black-and-white breed belonging to Annas Adema 30587 and Poseidon 239 lines with the BV of 271.56 and 274.16 kg, 0.02 and 0.05%, accordingly. Using seed bulls with high breeding value ensuring realization of genetic potential seen in their offspring by purposeful selection and breeding work with the herd is preferable for increasing the productive qualities of cattle belonging to black-and-white breed.
Modulation of Triticum aestivum L. tolerance to combined abiotic/biotic stresses by endophytic plant growth promoting bacteria Bacillus subtilis
Authors:   Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics of the Ufa Federal Research Center of RAS, Ibragimov A.E. , Garshina D.Yu. ,   Bashkir Research Institute of Agriculture of the Ufa Federal Research Center of RAS, Baymiev An. Kh. ,   Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics of the Ufa Federal Research Center of RAS, Lastochkina O.V. ,   Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics of the Ufa Federal Research Center of RAS,   Bashkir Research Institute of Agriculture of the Ufa Federal Research Center of RAS
Published: November 2020

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the most important cereal food crops worldwide. Various abiotic and biotic stresses or their combinations lead to crop losses (up to 50-82%) and pose a serious threat to the agricultural industry and food security. Plant growth-promoting endophytic bacteria Bacillus subtilis are considered as a bioactive and eco-friendly strategy for plant protection. Earlier, we have shown B. subtilis 10-4 has a growth-promoting and anti-stress effect on wheat under water deficiency. Here, we investigated the effect of B. subtilis 10-4 and B. subtilis 10-4+salicylic acid (SA) on growth and tolerance of wheat (cv. ‘Omskaya-35’) to combined drought (12%PEG) and Fusarium culmorum. 12%PEG and F. culmorum led to yellowing of leaves (in addition to traces of the root damages). Inoculation with 10-4 and especially 10-4+SA reduced the fusarium development in wheat under drought. Similar effects were revealed for growth parameters. Also, 10-4 (especially 10-4+SA) reduces stress-induced lipid peroxidation (MDA). Such physiological effect may be connected with the ability of strain 10-4 to colonize the internal tissues of host-plant and regulate metabolism from the inside. The obtained construct based on the plasmid pHT01 and the green fluorescent protein (gfp) gene, by which was modified the strain 10-4, will allow revealing the nature of the symbiotic relationships between the strain 10-4 and host-plant. The findings indicate that application B. subtilis 10-4 and its composition with SA may be an effective strategy to increase wheat tolerance to the combined abiotic/biotic stresses.
Role of biological preparations in increasing yield of pea (Pisum sativum L.) under conditions of steppe Сrimea
Authors:   Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea, Kulinich R.A.
Published: November 2020

The purpose of the research was to study the efficiency of the microbial preparations of polyfunctional action as an element of the pea growing technology under conditions of the steppe Crimea. During the period of the highest activity of nodule formation (flowering phase), pea plants form organs of photosynthetic and symbiotic apparatus. Thus, we did all the necessary observations and measurements. The mass of the above-ground part of the pea plants varied from 14.9 to 27.8 g and exceeded the control variant by 3.1-12.9 g or by 20.8-86.6%. The leaf surface of one plant was from 165.19 to 286.91 cm2. By the number of nodules, the variant, in which seeds were treated with the pure strain 261b (29 pcs.), stood out from the other ones. The process of photosynthesis is functionally associated with nitrogen fixation. So, an increase in these indicators affects plant productivity. The productivity of the plant in the variants with bacterization exceeded the control one by 0.3-1.1 g or 16.7-61.1%. The highest productivity (2.9 g) was observed in the variant with complex preparations – rhizobium technological complex (RTC) 10 seed bacterization. Thus, we found that seeds bacterization can increase the productivity of pea plants by 0.3-1.1 g or 16.7-61.1%; yield – by 0.01-0.17 t/ha or 0.5-9.0%; improve the profitability of pea cultivation by 14.8-29.8%. In 2019, the experiment with the cyano-rhizobium complex bacterization was the most effective. In this case, the yield reached 2.07 t/ha; the yield increase was 0.17 t/ha (LSD05 = 0.17 t/ha).
Effect of three-component microbial inoculant on winter rye and spring barley yields
Authors:   Institute for Soil Science and Agrochemistry, Mikhailouskaya N.A. , Voitka D.V. ,   Institute of Plant Protection, Yuzefovich E.K. ,   Institute of Plant Protection, Barashenko T.B. ,   Institute for Soil Science and Agrochemistry
Published: November 2020

One of the modern techniques of improving microbial preparations efficiency is a combination of several microorganisms with different beneficial properties in one inoculant. Taking into account the role of nitrogen and potassium nutrition and their synergism, it is essential to develop preparations of N2-fixing and K-mobilizing rhizobacteria, especially Azospirillum sp. and Bacillus sp. Effective biological control of root infections is of great importance in order to prevent crop yield losses. Among soil antagonistic fungi, Trichoderma sp. is the most promising one. Microbial inoculant includes three components: Azospirillum brasilеnse 2(b)3 + Bacillus circulans K-81 + Trichoderma longibrachiatum L-7 (1:1:1). Combined application of rhizobacteria A. brasilense + B. сirculans induced significant hormonal effect. Roots dry mass increased by 28%, roots length per plant – by 25%, stem dry mass – by 33%. In the field experiment, the treatment of barley by microbial inoculant provided the reduction of root rot incidence by 52.0–58.0%, disease development (waxy ripeness) – by 2.6–2.9 times, biological efficiency was 66.3–69.5%. Treatment of winter rye resulted in the reduction of disease incidence by 42.4–45.0%, disease development (milky ripeness) – by 2.0–2.6 times, biological efficiency – 50.2–61.2% according to soil-erosion catena. Beneficial influence of inoculation on plant development and nutrition, as well as effective biological control of plant diseases, provided significant crop responses: for winter rye – 3.8-4.5 c ha-1 or 7.0% - 9.8%, for spring barley – 5,2 – 4.9 c ha-1 or 9.3% – 9.2% according to soil-erosion catena. Microbial inoculant exhibits the properties of plant growth promoter, biological fertilizer, and biological fungicide.
Rational use of washed soil
Authors:   Novosilskaya zonal agroforestry experimental station – a branch of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “Federal Scientific Center of Agroecology, Integrated Reclamation and Protective Afforestation of the Russian Academy of Sciences” (Novosilskaya ZAGLOS - branch of the Federal Research Center of Agroecology RAS), Petelko A.I.
Published: November 2020

Integrated agricultural practices contribute to increasing and restoring the fertility of washed lands, reducing water erosion of soils on the slopes. When cultivating eroded soils, it is necessary to introduce organic and mineral fertilizers into the arable layer, enrich it with nutrients and eliminate the acid reaction. To do this, you need to carry out deep plowing up to 30 cm with the simultaneous introduction of organic matter and mineral fertilizers. If the soil is acidic, then liming is necessary. This will help to create a better soil environment and better absorption of fertilizers.
Corrientes es guaraní. Análisis de representaciones en torno al guaraní antes y después de su oficialización (ley 5598/2004)
Authors: Medina Mónica , Zurlo Adriana , Cayré Baito Lorena
Published: November 2020

Este artículo analiza, desde una perspectiva sociolingüística, representaciones en torno al guaraní manifiestas en distintos discursos públicos enunciados entre 2004y 2017. El corpus reúne entrevistas a funcionarios públicos, encuestas a ciudadanos correntinos (hablantes y no hablantes de guaraní), así como también artículos periodísticos y notas de opinión publicadas en distintos medios gráficos de la región y de Corrientes.En esta muestra heterogénea se observan representaciones contradictorias sobre el guaraní que permiten cuestionar las políticas lingüísticas previas de castellanización. La estrategia de contraposición permite cuestionar y resignificar las representaciones estigmatizantes, adjudicadas al pasado, configurando un nuevo ideal: el guaraní como parte esencial de la identidad correntina. Esta nueva representación permite construir un contradiscurso hegemónico a favor del rescate y promoción de esta lengua y también legitimar el proyecto de oficialización del guaraní, inicio de una nueva política lingüística y educativa.
Do conflito à “pacificação”
Authors: Marcelli Cipriani  , Ghiringhelli de Azevedo Rodrigo
Published: November 2020

Entre as décadas de 80 e 90, a Cadeia Pública de Porto Alegre, principal prisão do estado do Rio Grande do Sul, foi palco de intensas turbulências: fugas, homicídios, motins e rebeliões. Em 1995, após uma rebelião, a gestão do presídio foi assumida pela polícia militar, que permanece até hoje. A partir dos anos 2000, as instabilidades começaram a arrefecer, tornando-se, atualmente, eventos pontuais e isolados, apesar da superlotação. Com base em entrevistas feitas com presos, policiais em ofício no presídio e atores do sistema de justiça ocupados com a execução penal, propõe-se analisar a passagem entre esses dois momentos, enfatizando-se a relação entre os coletivos de presos e a administração prisional. Argumenta-se que o equilíbrio precário alcançado nessa prisão decorre da acomodação dos antagonismos existentes entre presos e policiais que gerem o presídio, alcançado por meio de concessões mútuas e assegurando a concretização de pretensões de ambas as partes.
19S: la lucha por una reconstrucción justa, digna y segura
Authors: Villanueva Gutiérrez Víctor Hugo
Published: November 2020

En este artículo se presenta la etnografía del proceso político ocurrido en el marco de la emergencia humanitaria y la movilización social, mediado por el sismo ocurrido el 19 de septiembre de 2017 en México. La política pública en torno al terremoto propició la lucha popular que emprendió la población afectada, quienes durante sus movilizaciones construyeron un lenguaje de la protesta para comunicar su posición y perspectiva frente al Programa para la Reconstrucción propuesto por el Gobierno de la Ciudad de México.
Política cultural y género, un acercamiento a partir de dos casos en América Latina
Authors: Bento de Mello Diana , Vázquez Alejandra
Published: November 2020

El artículo analiza cómo se expresa la cuestión de género en el quehacer cotidiano y en la gestión de políticas de la cultura orientadas al lenguaje expresivo de la música en Argentina y en Brasil. Mediante el enfoque antropológico se analizan datos construidos a partir de dos casos: el Programa Nacional de Coros y Orquestas Infantiles y Juveniles del Bicentenario en Buenos Aires y el samba en tanto movimiento cultural contemporáneo de artistas, trabajadorxs de la cultura y gestores culturales de Río de Janeiro. Concibiendo las políticas públicas y culturales como un campo de disputa y articulación entre la sociedad civil y el Estado, y pensando la dimensión de género como constitutiva de las relaciones sociales, postulamos que la ausencia de una problematización respecto de las cuestiones de género tiende a reproducir las desigualdades preexistentes y los estereotipos hegemónicos de masculinidades, feminidades y otras identidades de género.
PEMBELAJARAN ASG: FORMASI OMK SEBAGAI AGEN PERUBAHAN GEREJA DAN MASYARAKAT
Authors: Tjahaja Liria , Lan Yap Fu
Published: November 2020

For more than one century, Catholic social teaching (CST) has become the wealth of faith of the church.  Nonetheless, CST has not been made known to lay people at the grassroots level, in particular to young people. This article contains the results of two studies on this issue. The studies were conducted in 2012 and 2015-2016 involving young Catholics who were students of Catholic schools in Jakarta and its surrounding areas. The result of the first study in 2012 showed that most young Catholics have a lack of knowledge about CST. The second study was carried out in two phases. In 2015, the first phase of study was in the form of workshop and a CST-themed-film-and-photography competition. Forty students from eight Catholic high schools in Jakarta and Bogor participated in both the workshop and the competition. The second stage of the study was done in 2016 through focused group discussions and interviews involving young Catholics, their teachers, and the heads of their schools. The foci of this second stage study was CST learning process and its impacts to the life of young people. The processes as well as the results of these two phases of study were scrutinized. The final finding was the ideas of learning CST that functions as a formation of social-change agents. The ideas include features of process, learning content, peer group characteristics, and opportunities for interreligious, intercultural, and intergeneration education.
PAROKI BERAKAR LINGKUNGAN: MUPAS II DALAM PERSPEKTIF KONSILI DAN PASCAKONSILI VATIKAN II
Authors: Laksito Petrus Canisius Edi
Published: November 2020

The Second Pastoral Consultation of the Diocese of Surabaya held on October 18th-20th 2019 declared the Pastoral Strategic Policy of the Diocese of Surabaya for 2020-2030, formulated in these words: “In the spirit of the Basic Direction, the Catholic Church of the Diocese of Surabaya matures lingkungan rooted parishes present in the middle of the society”. This article wants to know in what matters and how strong this Diocese of Surabaya’s Pastoral Strategic Policy is connected to the voices of the pastors of the universal Church, especially those echoed in the doctrine of the Second Vatican Council (1962-1965) and that of the subsequent period. It is hoped that such reflection brought a clearer vision and understanding regarding such an important policy, granted that it will lead the faithful people of the Catholic Church of the Diocese of Surabaya in their pilgrimage to God in this world for the next 10 years. By knowing its connectedness with the voices of the pastors of the universal Church, it is expected that the faithful people of the Diocese of Surabaya would be more aware of the voice of Jesus Christ, the Good Pastor, who himself leads his flock to the green pastures of love shared in faith and hope with peoples they enconter.
PEMAHAMAN UMAT KATOLIK MADIUN TERHADAP KONSTITUSI GAUDIUM ET SPES DALAM KEHIDUPAN POLITIK PRAKTIS
Authors: Kasimirus Mr , Dewantara Agustinus Wisnu
Published: November 2020

Apolitical praxis has been grown widely. Being a qualified Catholic politician is a fundamental matter because it serves as a mediator between Church and state. A Catholic politician comprhensive understanding’son GS is one of parameters for a qualification to involve in social and political practices. The research was designed to answer some fundamental guestions as the following: How far the Catholics in Madiun understand about the document of GS on political praxis? This research conducted by using a qualitative method. The results of research showed that 100% respondents were knowing about GS, although some of them did not deeply knowing. Respondents then disclosed that the contents of GS was related to both divine and human vocation to participate and being responsible in social and political life for human well-being (62,5%). According to respondents, bonum commune was main goal of the Catholic Church’s involvement in social and political praxices (75%). The result all of research showed that the formation for social and political addres can be be started from the familly pastoral ministry, and to introduce such Christian social and political values for Catholic faithful started from the early ages.