bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identification and in Vitro Susceptibility Pattern of Fungal Pathogens in Immunocompromised Patients with invasive Fungal Infections
Authors: A.S. Selem Shaimaa , A. Hassan Neveen , Z. Abd El-Rahman Mohamed , M. Abd El-Kareem Doaa
Published: July 2021

Background: In intensive care units, invasive fungal infections have become more
common, particularly among immunocompromised patients. Early identification and
starting the treatment of those patients with antifungal therapy is critical for preventing
unnecessary use of toxic antifungal agents. Objective: The aim of this research is to
determine which common fungi cause invasive fungal infection in immunocompromised
patients, as well as their antifungal susceptibility patterns in vitro, in Assiut University
Hospitals. Methodology: This was a hospital based descriptive study conducted on 120
patients with clinical suspicion of having fungal infections admitted at different Intensive
Care Units (ICUs) at Assiut University Hospitals. Direct microscopic examination and
inoculation on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA) were performed on the collected
specimens. Isolated yeasts were classified using phenotypic methods such as
chromogenic media (Brilliance Candida agar), germ tube examination, and the Vitek 2
system for certain isolates, while the identification of mould isolates was primarily based
on macroscopic and microscopic characteristics. Moulds were tested in vitro for
antifungal susceptibility using the disc diffusion, and yeast were tested using Vitek 2
device cards. Results: In this study, 100 out of 120 (83.3%) of the samples were positive
for fungal infection. Candida and Aspergillus species were the most commonly isolated
fungal pathogens. The isolates had the highest sensitivity to Amphotericin B (95 %),
followed by Micafungin (94 %) in an in vitro sensitivity survey. Conclusion: Invasive
fungal infections are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised
patients, with Candida albicans being the most frequently isolated yeast from various
clinical specimens; however, the rise in resistance, especially to azoles, is a major
concern.
Prevalence of Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Using Phenotypic Drug Susceptibility Testing and GeneXpert MTB/RIF with Characterization of Non-tuberculous Mycobacteria Using MALDI-TOF
Authors: S. Soliman Noha , M. Khairat Sahar , Abdullah Mohamed , Adel El-Mahdy Yasmin
Published: July 2021

Background: Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and infections by nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are diseases of major public health concern.
Objective: The aim of the present work is to study the prevalence and patterns of MDRTB as well as the characterization of isolated NTM species. Methodology: All samples
(1069) were subjected to smear microscopy, culture on Lowenstein-Jensen (LJ) media,
and phenotypic drug susceptibility testing (DST) of MTB to isoniazid (INH), rifampin
(RF), streptomycin (S), and ethambutol (E). GeneXpert was used for direct detection of
MTB and RF resistance. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight
(MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry (MS) was utilized for characterizing isolated NTM
species. Results: M.tuberculosis (MTB) was isolated at a rate of 95.3% (1019/1069).
MDR-TB was detected at rate of 7.16% with significant patterns for INH + RF + S + E
(46.5%) and INR + RF (24.6%) (P-value <0.001). RF resistance was detected at a rate
of 27.2% by GeneXpert. Seven NTM species (0.6%) were isolated in culture of which
M.porcinum and M.fortuitum had confident identification by MALDI-TOF (score ≥1.8).
Conclusion: MDR-TB rate was found to be 7.16% with significant dominance for INH +
RF + S + E and INR + RF resistance patterns, while NTM rate was 0.6%.
Knowledge, Practice, and Perception of Barriers Regarding COVID‑19 among Egyptian Health care Workers
Authors: A. Sakr Mohamed , Y. Sharfeldin, Asmaa , A. Sakr Ayman , A. Kasemy Zeinab
Published: July 2021

Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), was
characterized as the etiology for a cluster of pneumonia cases that spread rapidly,
causing considerable morbidity and mortality worldwide. By April 2021, more than
2,996,791 deaths were reported globally. Proper updated infection control protocol for
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) must be provided to every health care facility.
Objectives: To evaluate the knowledge, attitude, perception of barriers, and practices
among Egyptian health care workers (HCWs) regarding COVID-19 disease.
Methodology: A cross-sectional study using an online questionnaire through a link
shared on social networking sites was conducted on 480 HCWs from different regions in
Egypt. Results: This assessment included a sample of 480 HCWs. The total knowledge
score was (19.95±2.4). Satisfactory knowledge was reported among 60%. Total attitude
score was (18.1±3.7) with positive attitude being reported among 23.3%. Total practice
score was (10.6±1.1) and good practice was reported among 89.2%. Conclusion: There
were satisfactory knowledge and practice with a low positive attitude regarding COVID19 which requires more efforts to improve precautionary measures and training
programs in hospitals.
PROGRESSIVE FARMERS AS CATALYSTS FOR REGENERATION IN RURAL AREAS THROUGH FARMER TO FARMER EXTENSION APPROACH
Authors: Haryanto Yoyon , Anwarudin Oeng , Yuniarti Wiwik
Published: July 2021

Progressive farmers that are labeled as self-help extension workers may play an active role, have control over their own community, take a role in society and be more involved in agricultural development. The results of this study show that currently, the capacity of progressive farmers as self-help extension workers, especially in terms of technical matters, is good enough. Therefore, they have the potential to develop their communities and the opportunity to become independent and equal partners with the government extension workers, not as “government extension assistants” like the current stigma. One of the solutions of compiling a road map for the development of young agropreneurs, is by optimizing the role of progressive farmers as selfhelp extension workers in encouraging the acceleration of farmer’s regeneration. It has been proven that progressive farmers as self-help extension workers have good communication skills in providing examples and encouraging young farmers to love jobs in the agricultural sector therefore, eroding the bad perception of working in the agricultural sector. In addition, they have good capacity potential in empowering fellow farmers. This is identified from their ability as self-help extension workers in terms of technical assistance, disseminating innovations according to farmers’ needs, providing training to partner farmers, becoming informal leaders and maintaining local wisdom.
Study of factors determining the amplitude-frequency characteristics of acoustic noise in well logging
Authors: Yarullin R. K. , Valiullin R. A. , Yarullin A. R. , Mikhaylov D. N. , Shako V. V. , Tikhonov I. N. , Valiullin A. S. , Bikkulov M. M.
Published: July 2021

The article considers the factors that affect the spectral characteristics of acoustic noise recorded in active horizontal wells during logging. Based on the results of physical experiments performed on well models, the presence of resonance phenomena in the acoustic volume of the wellbore, the influence of the location of sensor and the tool body on the measurement result under identical conditions, the need to calibrate downhole tools for bringing their characteristics to a single scale are shown.
Optimizing of interpretation build-up with the effect of phase segregation in the lifting tubes
Authors: Kozubovsky A. G. , Kuzmina T. V.
Published: July 2021

This article explores influence of effect of phase segregation in the listing tubes on results of interpretation the build-up. Phase segregation distorts the actual bottomhole pressure at the start of the well test. Using prior information about the properties of the object: the ratio of the initial and final coefficients of the wellbore storage and skin allow optimize of interpretation the build-up pressure with the effect of phase segregation in the listing tubes
Automation of the forecasting process for wells base production
Authors: Rybakovskaya A. A. , Fakhretdinov I. V. , Prokhorov A. A. , Fatkhullin T. Ch. , Zvada A. N. , Skvarko I. A.
Published: July 2021

The article describes the automation of the production forecast calculation method for producing wells. Calculation for each well based on monthly production report data and current residual recoverable reserves. The Arps curve and the Corey function are used to approximate the actual production curves. Comparative analysis of actual data with retro-forecast data showed high accuracy with a short calculation time.
Digital trace data as a tool for assessing competencies: the case of the Gazprom neft
Authors: Lezina T. A. , Khorosheva T. A. , Korosteleva A. V.
Published: July 2021

Large companies can use the analysis of employees’ digital trace data to increase the efficiency and objectivity of business processes of assessment of employee competencies. New technologies allow to accumulate data on the activities of employees related to their work performance in the information systems of companies. The results of employees training, protocols of their interaction on professional issues, the results of recruiting procedures form their digital footprints and can be used to regularly assess their professional growth. A significant problem in applying the idea of using digital footprints to assessing competencies is the choice of assessment metrics. At present, there are no described methods of using digital footprints of personnel. The objective of the work is to describe the case of using the digital footprints to assess the level of professional competencies of data science specialists from Gazprom Neft and describe the approach to assessing the professional competencies of employees using their digital data. Gazprom Neft has chosen as the assessment metric the level of competence employee development, which is determined through a set of “activities” of employees confirmed by digital artifacts, information about which is entered into the information system. The method for assessing the professional competencies of employees described in the article, was used as the basis for an approach to assessing competencies using digital data. This approach makes it possible to increase the efficiency of business processes in HR and can be used in companies of various industries and scales. The key advantages of the approach are its universality and objectivity. The results of the research can be used in companies that use a competency-based approach to the assessment of professional competencies of personnel, and form the first step in the development of the theory and practice of using digital traces of employees in company’s management.
State support for petrochemicals and invenstments in Russian Arctic opens up new opportunities for the development of hydrocarbon resource base
Authors: Kuptsov N. V. , Samodurov M. S.
Published: July 2021

The new vector of the energy policy of the Russian Federation, aimed at the development of non-resource exports, was supported in 2020 by the adoption of key federal laws that stimulate gas processing (ethane and LPG) and business activities in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation. These changes are an incentive for the implementation of innovative projects with an expanded technological chain with the production of products with high added value. Arctic gas condensate fields in the Russian Federation are acquiring additional potential to significantly increase the value and monetize large-scale reserves, most of which are located in the YamaloNenets Autonomous District. Global trends confirm the relevance of the gas chemical direction – with the growth of global consumption, the need for final polymer products will increase, and with the new environmentally friendly energy transition, the share of gas will increase. The article presents a comprehensive analysis of trends in the development of the world market of gas and gas chemical products, the hydrocarbon resource base of the Russian Federation and changes in legislation. It is concluded that the enterprises of the Russian Federation have advantages for the implementation of gas chemical projects in the medium and long term in 2022-2030, especially in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation.
The importance of alkyl nitrates and sea ice emissions to atmospheric NOx sources and cycling in the summertime Southern Ocean marine boundary layer
Authors: Burger Jessica Mary , Granger Julie , Joyce Emily , Hastings Meredith Galanter , Spence Kurt Angus McDonald , Altieri Katye Elisabeth
Published: July 2021

Abstract. Atmospheric nitrate originates from the oxidation of nitrogen oxides (NOx = NO + NO2) and impacts both tropospheric chemistry and climate. NOx sources, cycling, and NOx to nitrate formation pathways are poorly constrained in remote marine regions, especially the Southern Ocean where pristine conditions serve as a useful proxy for the preindustrial atmosphere. Here, we measured the isotopic composition (δ15N and δ18O) of atmospheric nitrate in coarse-mode (> 1 μm) aerosols collected in the summertime marine boundary layer of the Atlantic Southern Ocean from 34.5° S to 70° S, and across the northern edge of the Weddell Sea. The δ15N-NO3− decreased with latitude from −2.7 ‰ to −43.1 ‰. The decline in δ15N with latitude is attributed to changes in the dominant NOx sources: lightning at the low latitudes, oceanic alkyl nitrates at the mid latitudes, and photolysis of nitrate in snow at the high latitudes. There is no evidence of any influence from anthropogenic NOx sources or equilibrium isotopic fractionation. Using air mass back trajectories and an isotope mixing model, we calculate that oceanic alkyl nitrate emissions have a δ15N signature of −22.0 ‰ ± 7.5 ‰. Given that measurements of alkyl nitrate contributions to remote nitrogen budgets are scarce, this may be a useful tracer for detecting their contribution in other oceanic regions. The δ18O-NO3− was always less than 70 ‰, indicating that daytime processes involving OH are the dominant NOx oxidation pathway during summer. Unusually low δ18O-NO3− values (less than 31 ‰) were observed at the western edge of the Weddell Sea. The air mass history of these samples indicates extensive interaction with sea ice covered ocean, which is known to enhance peroxy radical production. The observed low δ18O-NO3− is therefore attributed to increased exchange of NO with peroxy radicals, which have a low δ18O, relative to ozone, which has a high δ18O. This study reveals that the mid- and high-latitude surface ocean may serve as a more important NOx source than previously thought, and that the ice-covered surface ocean impacts the reactive nitrogen budget as well as the oxidative capacity of the marine boundary layer.
Identifying the sources of uncertainty in climate model simulations of solar radiation modification with the G6sulfur and G6solar Geoengineering Model Intercomparison Project (GeoMIP) simulations
Authors: Visioni Daniele , MacMartin Douglas G. , Kravitz Ben , Boucher Olivier , Jones Andy , Lurton Thibaut , Martine Michou , Mills Michael J. , Nabat Pierre , Niemeier Ulrike , Séférian Roland , Tilmes Simone
Published: July 2021

Abstract. We present here results from the Geoengineering Model Intercomparison Project (GeoMIP) simulations for the experiments G6sulfur and G6solar for six Earth system models participating in the Climate Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP) Phase 6. The aim of the experiments is to reduce the warming that results from a high-tier emission scenario (Shared Socioeconomic Pathways SSP5-8.5) to that resulting from a medium-tier emission scenario (SSP2-4.5). These simulations aim to analyze the response of climate models to a reduction in incoming surface radiation as a means to reduce global surface temperatures, and they do so either by simulating a stratospheric sulfate aerosol layer or, in a more idealized way, through a uniform reduction in the solar constant in the model. We find that over the final two decades of this century there are considerable inter-model spreads in the needed injection amounts of sulfate (29 ± 9 Tg-SO2/yr between 2081 and 2100), in the latitudinal distribution of the aerosol cloud and in the stratospheric temperature changes resulting from the added aerosol layer. Even in the simpler G6solar experiment, there is a spread in the needed solar dimming to achieve the same global temperature target (1.91 ± 0.44 %). The analyzed models already show significant differences in the response to the increasing CO2 concentrations for global mean temperatures and global mean precipitation (2.05 K ± 0.42 K and 2.28 ± 0.80 %, respectively, for SSP5-8.5 minus SSP2-4.5 averaged over 2081–2100). With aerosol injection, the differences in how the aerosols spread further change some of the underlying uncertainties, such as the global mean precipitation response (−3.79 ± 0.76 % for G6sulfur compared to −2.07 ± 0.40 % for G6solar against SSP2-4.5 between 2081 and 2100). These differences in the behavior of the aerosols also result in a larger uncertainty in the regional surface temperature response among models in the case of the G6sulfur simulations, suggesting the need to devise various, more specific experiments to single out and resolve particular sources of uncertainty. The spread in the modeled response suggests that a degree of caution is necessary when using these results for assessing specific impacts of geoengineering in various aspects of the Earth system. However, all models agree that compared to a scenario with unmitigated warming, stratospheric aerosol geoengineering has the potential to both globally and locally reduce the increase in surface temperatures.
Calibration of radar differential reflectivity using quasi-vertical profiles
Authors: Sanchez-Rivas Daniel , Rico-Ramirez Miguel A.
Published: July 2021

Abstract. The differential reflectivity (ZDR) is a crucial weather radar measurement that helps to improve quantitative precipitation estimates using polarimetric weather radars. However, a system bias between the horizontal and vertical channels generated by the radar produces an offset in ZDR. Existing methods to calibrate ZDR measurements rely on vertical observations of ZDR taken in rain, in which ZDR values close to 0 dB are expected. However, not all weather radar systems are capable of producing vertical pointing measurements. In this work, we present and analyse a novel method for correcting and monitoring the ZDR offset using quasi-vertical profiles of polarimetric variables. The method is applied to radar data collected through one year of precipitation events by two operational C-band weather radars in the UK. The proposed method proves effective in achieving the required accuracy of 0.1 dB for the calibration of ZDR as the calibration results are consistent with the traditional method based on vertical profiles. Additionally, the method is independently evaluated using disdrometers located near the radar sites. The results showed a good agreement between disdrometer-derived and radar-calibrated ZDR measurements.
Reflection of low-frequency fast magnetosonic waves at the local two-ion cutoff frequency: observation in the plasmasphere
Authors: Wang Geng , Wu Mingyu , Wang Guoqiang , Xiao Sudong , Zhelavskaya Irina , Shprits Yuri , Chen Yuanqiang , Zou Zhengyang , Gao Zhonglei , Yi Wen , Zhang Tielong
Published: July 2021

Abstract. We investigate the reflection of low-harmonic fast magnetosonic (MS) waves at the local two-ion cutoff frequency (fcutHe+). By comparing the wave signals of the two Van Allen Probes satellites, a distinct boundary where wave energies cannot penetrate inward are found in the time–frequency domain. The boundary is identified as the time series of local fcutHe+. For a certain frequency, there exists a spatial interface formed by fcutHe+, where the incident waves should be reflected. The waves with small incident angles are more likely to penetrate the thin layer where the group velocity reduces significantly and then slow down in a period of several to tens of seconds before the reflection process complete. The cutoff reflection scenario can explain the intense outward waves observed by probe A. These results of MS reflection at fcutHe+ may help to predict the global distribution of MS waves and promote the understanding of wave–particle dynamics in the radiation belt.
Sensitivity of land-atmosphere coupling strength to perturbations of early-morning temperature and moisture profiles in the European summer
Authors: Jach Lisa Lea , Schwitalla Thomas , Branch Oliver , Warrach-Sagi Kirsten , Wulfmeyer Volker
Published: July 2021

Abstract. Land-atmosphere coupling can have a crucial impact on convective initiation. Yet, uncertainty remains in the analyses of the atmospheric segment of the coupling between land surface wetness and the triggering of deep moist convection, particularly over Europe. One reason for this is a lack of suitable data. To overcome this limitation, we perturb early-morning temperature and moisture profiles from a regional climate simulation covering the period 1986–2015 over Europe to create a spread in atmospheric conditions. Applying the ‘Convective Triggering Potential – low-level Humidity Index’ framework, we analyze whether and how strongly the coupling strength and the predominance of positive versus negative feedbacks are sensitive to modifications in the atmospheric conditions. The results show that the hotspot region in northeastern Europe, in which strong feedbacks are likely to occur, is insensitive to temperature and moisture changes, but the number of potential feedback days varies by up to 20 days per season in dependence of the atmospheric background conditions. Temperature modifications rather control differences in the coupling strength in the north of the domain, while moisture changes dominant the control in the south. In the north of the hotspot region, a predominance for positive feedbacks (deep convection over wet soils) remains, but a switch of the dominant feedback class between positive feedbacks and a transition zone (convection over any soil, but usually shallow convection) occurred from the Alps to around the Black Sea. This indicates a dependence of the dominant feedback class on temperature and relative humidity in this region.
A Methodology for the Spatiotemporal Identification of Compound Hazards: Wind and Precipitation Extremes in Great Britain (1979–2019)
Authors: Tilloy Aloïs , Malamud Bruce , Joly-Laugel Amélie
Published: July 2021

Abstract. Compound hazards are two different natural hazards that impact the same time period and spatial area. Compound hazards can have a footprint that can operates on different spatial and temporal scales than their component single hazards. This article proposes a definition of compound hazards in space and time and presents a methodology for the Spatiotemporal Identification of Compound Hazards (SI–CH). The approach is applied to the analysis of compound precipitation and wind extremes in Great Britain from which we create a database. Hourly precipitation and wind gust values for 1979–2019 are extracted from climate reanalysis (ERA5) within a region including Great Britain and the British channel. Extreme values (above the 99 % quantile) of precipitation and wind gust are clustered with the Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise (DBSCAN) algorithm, creating clusters for precipitation and for wind gusts. Compound hazard clusters that correspond to the spatial overlap of single hazard clusters during the aggregated duration of the two hazards are then identified. Our ERA5 Hazard Clusters Database (given as a supplement) consists of 18,086 precipitation clusters, 6190 wind clusters, and 4555 compound hazard clusters. The methodology’s ability to identify extreme precipitation and wind events is assessed with a catalogue of 157 significant events (96 extreme precipitation and 61 extreme wind events) that occurred in Great Britain over the period 1979–2019 (also given as a supplement). We find a good agreement between the SI–CH outputs and the catalogue with an overall hit rate (ratio between the number of joint events and the total number of events) of 93.7 %. The spatial variation of hazard intensity within wind, precipitation and compound hazard clusters are then visualised and analysed. The study finds that the SI–CH approach (given as R code in supplement) can accurately identify single and compound hazard events and represent spatial and temporal properties of compound hazard events. We find that compound wind and precipitation extremes, despite occurring on smaller scales than single extremes, can occur on large scales in Great Britain with a decreasing spatial scale when the combined intensity of the hazards increases.
Modeling seasonal variations of extreme rainfall on different time scales in Germany
Authors: Ulrich Jana , Fauer Felix S. , Rust Henning W.
Published: July 2021

Abstract. We model monthly precipitation maxima at 132 stations in Germany for a wide range of durations from one minute to about six days using a duration-dependent generalized extreme value (d-GEV) distribution with monthly varying parameters. This allows for the estimation of both monthly and annual intensity–duration–frequency (IDF) curves: (1) The monthly IDF curves are steeper in summer and exhibit higher intensities for short durations than in the rest of the year. Thus, everywhere in Germany short convective extreme events occur very likely in summer. In contrast, extreme events with a duration of several hours up to about one day are more likely to occur within a longer period or even spread throughout the whole year, depending on the station. There are major differences within Germany with respect to the months in which long-lasting stratiform extreme events are more likely to occur. At some stations the IDF curves (for a given quantile) for different months intersect. The meteorological interpretation of this intersection is that the season at which a certain extreme event is most likely to occur shifts from summer towards autumn or winter for longer durations. (2) We compare the annual IDF curves resulting from the monthly model with those estimated conventionally, that is, based on modeling annual maxima. We find that adding information in the form of smooth variations during the year leads to a considerable reduction of uncertainties. We additionally observe that at some stations, the annual IDF curves obtained by modeling monthly maxima deviate from the assumption of scale invariance, resulting in a flattening in the slope of the IDF curves for long durations.
Application of multiplet structure deconvolution to extract scalar coupling constants from 1D nuclear magnetic resonance spectra
Authors: Jeannerat Damien , Cobas Carlos
Published: July 2021

Abstract. Multiplet structure deconvolution provides a robust method to determine the values of the coupling constants in first-order 1D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra. Functions simplifying the coupling structure for partners with spin larger than 1/2 and for doublets with unequal amplitudes were introduced. The chemical shifts of the coupling partners causing mild second-order effects can, in favourable cases, be calculated from the slopes
measured in doublet structures. Illustrations demonstrate that deconvolution can straightforwardly analyse multiplet posing difficulties to humans
and, in some cases, extract coupling constants from unresolved multiplets.
Swell hindcast statistics for the Baltic Sea
Authors: Björkqvist Jan-Victor , Pärt Siim , Alari Victor , Rikka Sander , Lindgren Elisa , Tuomi Laura
Published: July 2021

Abstract. Swell dominates the global sea state and therefore significantly contributes to processes at the air and seabed interfaces. Nonetheless, smaller enclosed seas are detached from the global swell climate. We present swell statistics for the Baltic Sea using 20 years of swell partitioned model data. The swell significant wave height was mostly under 2 m, and in the winter (DJF) the mean significant swell height was typically less than 0.4 m; higher swell was found at limited nearshore areas. Swell waves were typically short (under 5 s), with mean periods over 8 s being rare. In open-sea areas the average ratio of swell energy (to total energy) was below 0.4 – significantly less than in World Ocean. Certain coastal areas were swell dominated over half the times, mostly because of weak winds (U < 5 ms−1) rather than high swell heights. Swell dominated events with a swell height over 1 m typically lasted under 10 h. A cross-correlation analysis indicates that swell in the open sea is mostly generated from local wind-sea when wind decays (dominant time lag roughly 15 h). Near the coast, however, the results suggests that the swell is partially detached from the local wind-waves, although not necessarily from the weather system that generates them.
Dynamic motion monitoring of a 3.6 km long steel rod in a borehole during cold-water injection with distributed fiber-optic sensing
Authors: Lipus Martin P. , Schölderle Felix , Reinsch Thomas , Wollin Christopher , Krawczyk Charlotte M. , Pfrang Daniela , Zosseder Kai
Published: July 2021

Abstract. Fiber-optic distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) data finds many applications in wellbore monitoring such as e.g. flow monitoring, formation evaluation, and well integrity studies. For horizontal or highly deviated wells, wellbore fiber-optic installations can be conducted by mounting the sensing cable to a rigid structure (casing/tubing) which allows for a controlled landing of the cable. We analyze a cold-water injection phase in a geothermal well with a 3.6 km long fiber-optic installation mounted to a ¾” sucker-rod by using both DAS and distributed temperature sensing (DTS) data. During cold-water injection, we observe distinct vibrational events (shock waves) which originate in the reservoir interval and migrate up- and downwards. We use temperature differences from the DTS data to determine the theoretical thermal contraction and integrated DAS data to estimate the actual deformation of the rod construction. The results suggest that the rod experiences thermal stresses along the installation length – partly in the compressional and partly in the extensional regime. We find strong evidence that the observed vibrational events originate from the release of the thermal stresses when the friction of the rod against the borehole wall is overcome. Within this study, we show the influence of temperature changes on the acquisition of distributed acoustic/strain sensing data along a fiber-optic cable suspended along a rigid but freely hanging rod. We show that observed vibrational events do not necessarily originate from induced seismicity in the reservoir, but instead, can originate from stick-slip behavior of the rod construction that holds the measurement equipment.
Microstructure, Micro-inclusions and Mineralogy along the EGRIP ice core – Part 1: Localisation of inclusions and deformation patterns
Authors: Stoll Nicolas , Eichler Jan , Hörhold Maria , Erhardt Tobias , Jensen Camilla , Weikusat Ilka
Published: July 2021

Abstract. Impurities deposited in polar ice allow the reconstruction of the atmospheric aerosol concentration of the past. At the same time they impact the physical properties of the ice itself such as its deformation behaviour. Impurities are thought to enhance ice deformation, but observations are ambiguous due to a shortage of comprehensive microstructural analyses. For the first time, we systematically analyse micro-inclusions in polar fast flowing ice, i.e. from the East Greenland Ice Core Project ice core drilled trough the Northeast Greenland Ice Stream. In direct relation to the inclusions we derive the crystal-preferred orientation, fabric, grain size, and microstructural features at ten depths, covering the Holocene and Late Glacial. We use optical microscopy to create microstructure maps to analyse the in situ locations of inclusions in the polycrystalline, solid ice samples. Micro-inclusions are more variable in spatial distribution than previously observed, and show various distributional patterns ranging from centimetre-thick layers to clusters and solitary particles, independent of depth. Analysing the area occupied by grain boundaries in the respective samples shows that micro-inclusions are slightly more often located at or close to grain boundaries in half of all samples. Throughout all samples we find strong indications of dynamic recrystallisation, such as grain islands, bulging grains and different types of subgrain boundaries. We discuss the spatial variability of micro-inclusions, the link between spatial variability and mineralogy, and possible effects on the microstructure and deformation behaviour of the ice. Our results emphasise the need for holistic approaches in future studies, combining microstructure and impurity analysis.
Results from a Wake Steering Experiment at a Commercial Wind Plant: Investigating the Wind Speed Dependence of Wake Steering Performance
Authors: Simley Eric , Fleming Paul , Girard Nicolas , Alloin Lucas , Godefroy Emma , Duc Thomas
Published: July 2021

Abstract. Wake steering is a wind farm control strategy in which upstream wind turbines are misaligned with the wind to redirect their wakes away from downstream turbines, thereby increasing the net wind plant power production and reducing fatigue loads generated by wake turbulence. In this paper, we present results from a wake steering experiment at a commercial wind plant involving two wind turbines spaced 3.7 rotor diameters apart. During the three-month experiment period, we estimate that wake steering reduced wake losses by 5.7 % for the wind direction sector investigated. After applying a long-term correction based on the site wind rose, the reduction in wake losses increases to 9.8 %. As a function of wind speed, we find large energy improvements near cut-in wind speed, where wake steering can prevent the downstream wind turbine from shutting down. Yet for wind speeds between 6–8 m/s, we observe little change in performance with wake steering. However, wake steering was found to improve energy production significantly for below-rated wind speeds from 8–12 m/s. By measuring the relationship between yaw misalignment and power production using a nacelle lidar, we attribute much of the improvement in wake steering performance at higher wind speeds to a significant reduction in the power loss of the upstream turbine as wind speed increases. Additionally, we find higher wind direction variability at lower wind speeds, which contributes to poor performance in the 6–8 m/s wind speed bin because of slow yaw controller dynamics. Further, we compare the measured performance of wake steering to predictions using the FLORIS (FLOw Redirection and Induction in Steady State) wind farm control tool coupled with a wind direction variability model. Although the achieved yaw offsets at the upstream wind turbine fall short of the intended yaw offsets, we find that they are predicted well by the wind direction variability model. When incorporating the predicted achieved yaw offsets, estimates of the energy improvement from wake steering using FLORIS closely match the experimental results.
Green Synthesis and Characterization of Crystalline CuO Nanoparticles using Aqueous Mentha Piperita L. Leaf Extract
Authors: Shtewi Fatma A. , Al-Adiwish Wedad M. , Alqamoudy Hamid A. , Tarroush Awatif A.
Published: July 2021

Copper oxide nanoparticles are essential technology materials that are utilized as catalysts in the chemical industry, as well as in photonic and electronic devices and medical applications. Due to their applications in advanced technologies, we have concentrated on the production of CuO nanoparticles using enhanced, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly synthetic techniques. In this paper, we have presented a green synthesis technique to successfully synthesis copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) utilizing copper (II) sulfate pentahydrate (CuSO4.5H2O) as precursor salt and Mentha Piperita leaf extract as a reducing and stabilizing agent during the synthesis process. The precursor salt solution and reducing agent were mixed in a 1:1 volume ratio at 50 °C. The CuO NPs synthesized were confirmed by the characteristics Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) peak in the UV-visible region. Also, the optical direct band gap energy of the CuO NPs determined from the Tauc plot was 3.26 eV. The FTIR spectrum analysis confirmed existence of functional groups of polyphenols from Mentha piperita L. leaf extract, which are responsible for the reduction of Cu2+ ions and effective stabilization of CuO NPs. All the peaks observed in the XRD pattern revealed the production of CuO NPs having monoclinic structure with an average crystallite size of 42.51 nm. The surface morphology of the CuO nanoparticles was detected using SEM analysis. Further, the synthesis mechanism of CuO NPs has also been investigated.
Rir, jogar, refletir...: a construção do eu com o outro
Authors: de Oliveira Bianca , Lepre Rita Melissa
Published: July 2021

Querido(a) professor(a), temos o prazer de apresentar esta proposta como um instrumento pedagógico para educar em valores. Esse material resulta da dissertação de mestrado profissional intitulada “A construção da personalidade moral por meio de jogos de regras em estudantes dos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental” que se encontra disponível na página do programa de Pós-graduação em Docência para Educação Básica da Faculdade de Ciências da UNESP campus de Bauru. As sequências didáticas – SDs – presentes nesse livro partem de uma abordagem psicogenética, lúdica e dialógica, promovendo a participação ativa dos estudantes e a construção de personalidades morais aptas à autonomia, fundamentadas em valores universalmente desejáveis como a justiça, a generosidade e a honestidade.
Editorial
Authors: Donna Lee Brien and Dallas J Baker Nigel Krauth, Kevin Brophy,
Published: July 2021

A major study of creative writers in Australia was announced in the media on 6 October this year. Titled Book Authors and their Changing Circumstances, the study was undertaken by the Department of Economics, Macquarie University. Its objectives were to investigate the experiences of Australian authors in the contemporary international book industry…
From the ‘mad’ poet to the ‘embodied’ poet: Reconceptualising creativity through cognitive science paradigms
Authors: Takolander Maria
Published: July 2021

Written by the author of three collections of poetry, this paper contests the enduring stereotype of the ‘mad’ poet, present in Romantic, psychoanalytic and psychological theories of creativity. Mobilising theories of embodied cognition, it offers a demystified and de-pathologised vision of poiesis and poetry. The paper focuses on three traits typically associated with the ‘mad’ poet in popular representations and theoretical understandings of that figure: extreme emotionality; divergent thinking; and a tortured unconscious. Using findings in the cognitive sciences, the essay demonstrates how emotional experience, divergent thinking, and the unconscious are integral parts of brain functioning, rather than traits exclusive to psychopathology. Poiesis is not informed, in any essential way, by madness but rather by the normal conditions of embodied cognition.
Poetry and risk: On the similarities between recital and composition
Authors: Magee Paul
Published: July 2021

‘Every time,’ Brazilian director, teacher, writer and erstwhile politician, Augusto Boal claims, ‘an actor plays a character, he or she plays it for the first and last time. Like we play every minute of our own lives’ (Boal 2002: 38). This article concerns the experiment of making by heart recitals of canonical twentieth century poems a compulsory assessment item in a creative writing unit. It details some surprising results of that experiment. One is that students demonstrated more capacity to develop a confident aesthetic about the rights and wrongs of their peers’ recitals than when engaging in similar group discussions about those same students’ verse compositions. The paper suggests that this disparity had to do with the students’ broad literacy in relation to acting, compared to their relative illiteracy in relation to what can be done in verse. It makes the further claim, with reference to Boal’s Games for Actors and Non-Actors (2002), Stephen Berkoff’s I am Hamlet (1989) and other texts, that this situation might not be as hopeless as it sounds. Could it be that by heart recitals brought these students closer to that form of creativity they actually already well know from film, stage and life, but need to get on the page: the one to do with inhabiting the tensions of the moment, and acting them out? For they also seemed to be writing much better poems.
The reader-assembled narrative: Representing the random in print fiction
Authors: Carey Ben
Published: July 2021

The growing interest in co-created reading experiences in both digital and print formats raises interesting questions for creative writers who work in the space of interactive fiction. This essay argues that writers have not abandoned experiments with co-creation in print narratives in favour of the attractions of the digital environment, as might be assumed by the discourse on digital development. Rather, interactive print narratives, in particular ‘reader-assembled narratives’ demonstrate a rich history of experimentation and continue to engage writers who wish to craft individual reading experiences for readers and to experiment with their own creative process as writers. The reader-assembled narrative has been used for many different reasons and for some writers, such as BS Johnson it is a method of problem solving, for others, like Robert Coover, it is a way to engage the reader in a more playful sense. Authors such as Marc Saporta, BS Johnson, and Robert Coover have engaged with this type of narrative play. This examination considers the narrative experimentation of these authors as a way of offering insights into creative practice for contemporary creative writers.
Teaching behind bars: Challenges and solutions for creative writing classes in prison
Authors: Beasley Carolyn
Published: July 2021

The prison creative writing class offers many benefits for the students and the instructor. Research has found that inmates in writing programs report improved self-image and reduced emotional stress, an increase in literacy, and more post-release opportunities. For the instructor, the reward can reside in the experience of helping prisoners develop practical compositional and coping skills that can lead to publication, performance, and outside study. However, the delivery of writing programs in a volatile, high security environment is a challenging endeavour that requires specific guidance.

This paper offers insights gained from implementing and maintaining a creative writing postgraduate program inside an Australian maximum security women’s prison over a period of six years. After opening the discussion with a brief overview of prisoners’ rights to education, it evaluates the nature of prison education and arts education in Australia. This is followed by an identification of the challenges of teaching inside a prison regime and an exploration of how these were resolved.
TEXT poetry and prose October 2015
Authors: Andrew Leggett Thom Conroy, Aaron Chapman,
Published: July 2021

Poetry and prose by Thom Conroy, Aaron Chapman, Andrew Leggett
Elaboración de una política de gestión de documentos electrónicos: el caso del Archivo de la Fundación Estatal para la Formación en el Empleo
Authors: Morena de Diago Beatriz
Published: July 2021

Una política de gestión de documentos electrónicos resulta de importancia clave en el avance a la administración electrónica, con orientaciones o directrices para la creación y gestión de documentos auténticos y fiables, disponibles a lo largo del tiempo, de acuerdo con las funciones y actividades de una organización. Se reflexiona sobre las características esenciales y recomendaciones para la definición de políticas de gestión de documentos electrónicos a partir del desarrollo de la Política de gestión del documento electrónico (PGD-e) de la Fundación Estatal para la Formación en el Empleo.
Neglected tuberculous trochanteric bursitis in an adolescent girl: A case report and literature review
Authors: Vlaic Josip , Pavic Ivan , Tripalo Batos Ana , Zmak Ljiljana , Kruslin Bozo
Published: July 2021

Tuberculous trochanteric bursitis (TTB) is an extremely rare form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Due to a low clinical suspicion and poor collaboration among medical professionals, the diagnosis of TTB can be often delayed. In this report, we describe a case of neglected TTB in an adolescent girl that initially presented with right thigh swelling and fluctuance. The patient underwent repeated unsuccessful surgical treatment; however, dull pain and periodic wound drainage remained for eight years. Complete excision of fistula and trochanteric bursa and one year of oral antituberculous drug therapy led to complete recovery. This case report highlights tuberculosis as a diagnostic challenge, when rare localizations are affected. In addition, this report addresses several diagnostic pitfalls and reviews the literature regarding TTB in adolescent patients. Orthopedic surgeons need to consider TTB, when swelling, fluctuance or repeated wound drainage are present on the thigh.
A four-year community hospital experience regarding procedures for the replantation and revascularization of fingers
Authors: Gürbüz Kaan , Yontar Yalçın
Published: July 2021

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the clinical results and experiences in a community hospital regarding procedures for the replantation and revascularization of fingers.

Patients and methods: Between June 2015 and December 2019, a total of 58 patients (51 males, 7 females; mean age: 33.4±6.3 years; range, 23 to 46 years) who were followed after total and/or subtotal amputation and replantation were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were evaluated at nine months in terms of cold intolerance, static two-point discrimination, and functional results using the range of motion (ROM) and Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (QuickDASH) questionnaire.

Results: The majority of the patients presented with work-related injuries (70%), most commonly by the mechanism of guillotine (64%), and to the dominant hand (76%) and the third finger (36%) most frequently. The overall success rate of digit salvage was 72.9% (n=51). Of 19 digits with unsuccessful surgical outcomes, seven were from total and 12 were from subtotal amputations. In the long-term, cold intolerance was observed in 14 patients (24.1%) according to the cold intolerance severity scale. The mean static two- point discrimination value was 6.0±0.7 mm and the mean QuickDASH score was 22.3±5.0. The mean ROM measured at nine months after surgery in the metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints of the third and fourth digits was significantly lower than that in the others (p<0.05).

Conclusion: The predictors of survival of a replanted digit indicated in this study can be used as a guide and decision-making aid for any attempts for replantation.