bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A real-life ImmunoCAT study: impact of molecular diagnosis through ImmunoCAPTM ISAC 112 on immunotherapy prescription in pollen-polysensitized patients in Catalonia, Spain
Authors: Garriga-Baraut Teresa , Labrador-Horrillo Moises , Tena Mercé , De Linares Concepción , Esteso-Hontoria Olga , Pedemonte Carlos , Basagaña-Torrento Maria , Miquel Sira , Padró-Casas Clara , Campa-Falcon Núria , Ferré-Ybarz Laia , Gázquez-Garcia Vanessa , Muñoz-Cano Rosa , Viñas Marta , Farrarons Lidia , Baltasar-Dragó Miquel , Cortés Núria , Asensio Oscar , Bartra Joan , Belmonte Jordina , Bobolea Irina , Raga Esperanza , Miguel Moncín Mar San
Published: July 2024

Background: Molecular diagnosis in allergology helps to identify multiple allergenic molecules simultaneously. The use of purified and/or recombinant allergens increases the accuracy of individual sensitization profiles in allergic patients.
Objective: To assess the impact of molecular diagnosis through the ImmunoCAPTM ISAC 112 microarray on etiological diagnosis and specific immunotherapy (SIT) prescription. This was compared to the use of conventional diagnoses in pediatric, adolescent, and young adult patients with rhinitis or rhinoconjunctivitis and/or allergic asthma, sensitized to three or more pollen allergens of different botanical species.
Methods: A multicenter, prospective, observational study was conducted in patients aged 3–25 years who received care at the Allergology service of 14 hospitals in Catalonia from 2017 to 2020. Allergology diagnosis was established based on the patient’s clinical assessment and the results of the skin prick test and specific immunoglobulin E assays. Subsequently, molecular diagnosis was conducted using ImmunoCAPTM ISAC® 112 to recombinant and/or purified allergen components.
Results: A total of 109 patients were included; 35 (32.1%) were pediatric patients and 74 (67.9%) were adolescents or young adults (mean age: 18 years), with 58.0% being females. A change of 51.0% was observed in SIT prescription following molecular etiological diagnosis by means of a multi-parameter microarray.
Conclusions: Molecular diagnosis by means of multi-parameter tests increases the accuracy of etiological diagnosis and helps to define an accurate composition of SIT.
Immune response regulation by transduced mesenchymal stem cells with decorin gene on bleomycin-induced lung injury, fibrosis, and inflammation
Authors: Xu Wei , Kun Li Chang , Yang Li Sha , Mehrabi Nasab Entezar , Shamsadin Athari Seyyed , Dong Gu Wen
Published: July 2024

Background: Pulmonary fibrosis is a pathological hallmark of lung injury. It is an aggressive disease that replaces normal lung parenchyma by fibrotic tissue. The transforming growth factor-beta–mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3 (TGF-β1–Smad3) signaling pathway plays a key role in regulating lung fibrosis. Decorin (DCN), a small leucine-rich proteoglycan, has a modulatory effect on the immune system by reversibly binding with TGF-β and reducing its bioavailability. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy is a new strategy that has an immune-modulatory capacity.
Objective: The aim of this study was to introduce a new therapeutic approach to harness remodeling in injured lung.
Material and Methods: Bone marrow MSCs were isolated and transduced by decorin gene. Lung injury was induced by bleomycin and mice were treated with MSCs, MSCs–decorin, and decorin. Then, oxidative stress biomarkers, remodeling biomarkers, bronchoalveolar lavage cells, and histopathology study were conducted.
Results: Reduced catalase and superoxide dismutase increased due to treatments. Elevated malondialdehyde, hydroxyproline, TGF-β levels, and polymorphonuclear cells count decreased in the treated groups. Additionally, the histopathology of lung tissues showed controlled inflammation and fibrosis.
Conclusion: Transfected decorin gene to MSCs and used cell therapy could control remodeling and bleomycin-induced lung injury.
Deciphering the mechanism of cimifugin in mitigating LPS-induced neuroinflammation in BV-2 cells
Authors: Bu Zhang , Xu Shan , Xu Feng
Published: July 2024

Purpose: Sepsis often triggers a systemic inflammatory response leading to multi-organ dysfunction, with complex and not fully understood pathogenesis. This study investigates the therapeutic effects of cimifugin on BV-2 cells under sepsis-induced stress conditions.
Methods: We utilized a BV-2 microglial cell model treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to mimic sepsis. Assessments included cellular vitality, inflammatory cytokine quantification (6 interleukin [6IL]-1β, interleukin 6 [IL-6], and tumor necrosis factor-α [TNF-α]) via enzyme-linked-immunosorbent serologic assay, and analysis of mRNA expression using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Oxidative stress and mitochondrial function were also evaluated to understand the cellular effects of cimifugin.
Results: Cimifugin significantly attenuated LPS-induced inflammatory responses, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction. It enhanced cell viability and modulated the secretion and gene expression of inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α. Notably, cimifugin activated the deacetylase sirtuin 1–nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 pathway, contributing to its protective effects against mitochondrial damage.
Conclusion: Cimifugin demonstrates the potential of being an effective treatment for sepsis--induced neuroinflammation, warranting further investigation.
Irrigation effects on aromatics and phenolics of eggplant (Solanum melongena)
Authors: Eylem Polat Havva , Zambi Ozan , Güçer Yalçın , Serdar Anli Alper
Published: July 2024

This research examines the impact of treated and untreated wastewater on eggplant cultivation, focusing on the aroma profile and phenolic composition. The results demonstrate significant alterations in dry matter content, pH levels, and total phenolic compounds in eggplant varieties irrigated with wastewater, compared to tap water. Regarding total phenolic content, the highest result was 120.14 mg kg–1 in the Kemer variety irrigated with wastewater. The amount of water-soluble dry matter in eggplant varieties irrigated with physical treatment (WW1), physical + biological treatment, and municipal (tap) water (MW) was found to vary between 7.80% and 5.20%. The aromatic analysis identifies variations in volatile compounds with higher concentrations of specific components, such as farnesene <(E, E)- alpha-> (30.60%), benzene  (22.05%), and non-(2E)-enal (26.89%), under different qualities of water irrigation treatments. An increase in the purification level of irrigation water increased the percentage of farnesene <(E, E)-, alpha->, ranging from 15.13% (Aydın Siyahi, WW1) to 30.60% (Kemer, MW). The results underline the importance of sustainable water management practices and highlight the need to quality of irrigation water in agricultural areas to ensure soil health, environmental sustainability and food safety.
“Solitudinem faciunt, pacem appellant”. Koliyivshchyna: a Polish historiographic reflection and a metaphor of unity
Authors: Morawiec Norbert
Published: July 2024

The subject of the analysis is looking for historical metaphors which construct the Polish historiography of Koliyivshchyna. Analysing the events of 1768 in the works of Jerofeusz Korczyński, Kornel Sroczyński, (M.) Darowski, Eustachy Iwanowski, Joachim Bartoszewicz, Edward Likowski, Jan Marek Giżycki or Francishek Ravita-Gavronsky, one can notice a historical (historiographical) metaphor of state-national and confessional unity constructing their scientific narrations. Although these narrations ooze blood and murder, they do not regard the Ukrainian community as the only one guilty of the bloodshed.
The Hydra Nature of Book Banning and Censorship
Authors: Waters Michelle Boyd , Unsicker-Durham Shelly K.
Published: July 2024

In Fall of 2022 two researchers set out to explore both scholarly work on censorship and news articles via social media, to help gain a broader understanding of censorship and book banning trends. The following research question guided their research: What does this wave of book banning and censorship look like across the US? What they discovered is a kind of censorship-Hydra, an evolving beast posing an ever-present danger, one that will likely take the courage, collaboration, and ingenuity of educators everywhere. This article offers a snapshot of this current beast of book banning and censorship in the form of two annotated bibliographies—one focused on news reports and trends in social media—the other focused on academic searches of scholarly articles.
“Focus Always on the Child.” A Conversation with Pat Scales
Authors: Suico Terri
Published: July 2024

Pat Scales, the former chair of the America Library Association’s Intellectual Free Committee and freedom to read expert, shares her insights on the uptick of book challenges and bans. She also provides ideas on how educators and librarians can address and combat censorship in a proactive way.
Should I Teach This Text?
Authors: Searcy Lara , Spears Brogan , Ortiz Karrine , Shank Kevin , Foster K. Emerson
Published: July 2024

During a time when legislation stands in opposition to principles of academic freedom, educators need tools (e.g. text complexity rationales) to make their classroom a place that is inclusive. This article provides guidance on best practices for selecting, teaching, and using controversial, challenged, or banned texts in educational contexts. The authors demonstrate how they have used text rationales to answer, “Should I teach this text?” Using a Q&A approach, each contributor briefly discusses responses to provide rationale on how to support “the right to read” from a variety of perspectives-- professor, (graduate) student, classroom teacher, and parent.
Learning from Those Who Came Before Us
Authors: Pitre Leilya
Published: July 2024

This extensive interview by Leilya Pitre with Chris Crowe is the first installment of a new feature in Study & Scrutiny, “Conversations with ALAN Elders,” which will appear in every other issue. In this far-ranging conversation, Crowe recounts his experiences as a student of Ken Donelson, one of the founders of the Assembly of Literature for Adolescents (ALAN) in 1974, his relationships with other early leaders of the organization, and with his own students. He also speaks to the purpose of this section: Keeping the roots of teaching and scholarship of young adult literature in the light. As Crowe is wont to do, he offers a metaphor to make his point: “There is a science-fiction/time-travel novel, called Timeline by Michael Crichton (1999), in which one character, a historian, says that people who don’t know history don’t know anything. It’s like being a leaf that doesn’t know it’s part of a tree. The tree of young adult literature has lots of interesting roots and branches.” This interview project led by Leilya Pitre, Terri Suico, and Crag Hill intends to surface the connections between the roots and each season’s fresh leaves.
Rural Young Adult Literature
Authors: Kuehl Rachelle , Parton Chea
Published: July 2024

Welcome to Study & Scrutiny, Issue 6.2. For this special issue of Study and Scrutiny: Research on Young Adult Literature, deftly curated by Rachelle Kuehl and Chea Parton, we are excited to share with you research and analysis on rural young adult literature. The study of young adult literature in rural settings is not new, but it has never been so focused. Research abounds across many scholarly journals, and other resources for exploring rural young adult literature have been established to enrich our understanding of this vital body of literature.
Creative Personality as an Historical Imperative
Authors: Soboleva Larisa
Published: July 2024

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“Tashkent Has Gained Sad Glory”: The Death of Vera Komissarzhevskaya and the Limits of Russian Culture in Late Imperial Turkestan
Authors: Klopfenstein Matthew
Published: July 2024

The unexpected death of the famous actress Vera Fedorovna Komissarzhevskaya while on tour in Tashkent was both a major event for Russian speakers in Turkestan and an empire-wide media sensation. This article examines coverage of the death of Kommissarzhevskaуa from smallpox in 1910 in the Russian-language periodical press in both Turkestan and leading urban centers in the Russian Empire. The actions of mourners in Tashkent and coverage of these events locally and in the capital press reveal that Kommissarzhevskaуa’s death was an imperial event that magnified the tensions within Russian claims to represent a civilizing force in Central Asia. For educated Russian speakers in Turkestan Kommissarzhevskaуa’s death was an opportunity to self-consciously assert their status as bearers of Russian culture in a press environment in which local acts of commemoration swiftly attracted an empire-wide audience. In the face of racialized and Orientalist depictions of Turkestan in the capital press, local journalists and members of educated society sought to demonstrate their belonging in, and dedication to, Russian culture in ways that blurred the boundaries between the imperial center and its peripheries, revealing Kommissarzhevskaуa’s death to be at the center of an ambiguous empire-wide discourse of death, disease, and the limits of Russian modernity. While educated Russian society in Tashkent sought to demonstrate their membership in a greater imperial civilization, the circumstances of Kommissarzhevskaуa’s death and the discourse of smallpox called into question Russian claims of civilizational superiority and laid bare key anxieties at the heart of Russia’s colonial presence in Central Asia.
Female Individuality and Social Conventions of the Enlightenment in the Correspondence between Valentin Jamеrai-Duval and Anastasia Sokolova
Authors: Vacheva Angelina
Published: July 2024

This article examines the interpretation of the theme of the manifestation of female individuality in mid-eighteenth-century Russia on the basis of the correspondence (1762–1774) between Valentin Jamerai-Duval, a French philosopher and autodidact in the Austrian service, and Anastasia Sokolova, a lady-in-waiting to Empress Catherine II, married to De Ribas. At the beginning of the correspondence, Jamerai-Duval’s interest in Russia, like that of many Europeans, is based on inaccurate book sources and common stereotypes. Their conceptual motifs are “barbarism”, ignorance and violence, both in the family and in society. The dialogue between the two correspondents gradually overcomes these stereotypes. They discuss a wide range of issues related to the expression of the female personality: choice of spouse and celibacy, love and sensual pleasure in marriage; criteria of attractiveness (physical and mental beauty), following fashion and individual style, etc. Special attention is paid in the correspondence to the questions of women’s education and intellectual development, in which reading plays an important role. The Russian-Turkish war of 1768–1774 reactivated the issue of violence against women, this time as a need to protect them from the despotism of the infidels in the Ottoman Empire. Ignorance and religious prejudice in the environment of the Old Believers are also seen by the correspondents as a manifestation of tyranny over women’s personality.
The Ceremony of Receiving Ambassadresses at the Russian Court of the Eighteenth Century
Authors: Novikova Arina
Published: July 2024

During the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, the European system of international relations underwent significant changes, marked by the institutional development of diplomatic services and the establishment of more coherent diplomatic ceremonials. Resident embassies became common, introducing the presence of female relatives of diplomats who actively participated in the life of the diplomatic corps. The growing presence of ambassadresses played a transformative role in early modern diplomatic culture, contributing to the development of gendered diplomatic ceremonials. Drawing on relevant approaches to the study of the ‘new diplomatic history’ and using archival material from the Archive of the Foreign Policy of the Russian Empire, this article examines the diplomatic ceremonial of ambassadorial spouses at the eighteenth-century Russian court. It examines the presentation of ambassadors’ wives at court, the implementation of protocol, and issues of etiquette that became sources of contention between ‘ambassadresses’ and the St Petersburg court, as well as methods of conflict resolution. The study of the reception ceremony for ‘foreign ladies’ reveals that, although it was governed by legal norms, it depended heavily on the Russian monarch’s personal attitude towards the ambassador and ambassadress, as well as the country they represented.
Vsevolod Meyerhold: Life in the Rhythm of Epochs
Authors: Babenko Vladimir
Published: July 2024

This article deals with the personality of V. E. Meyerhold as a multifaceted national genius, whose legacy remains an inexhaustible source of knowledge about theatre art. The stages of his more than forty-year creative path still require attention and study. The author’s aim is to draw a human and creative-professional portrait of him against the background of the social changes of the period, the development of his directorial ideas, which were his real life (the idea of the studio, stage constructivism, the combination of horizontal and vertical movements, the actor’s progression from gesture and movement to image). The author’s task is to determine the peculiarities of his public position after October 1917, to highlight the most significant events in Meyerhold’s life and creative work in the 1920s and 1930s, and to explain the reasons for the harsh criticism to which he was subjected. The author of the article uses the method of historical reconstruction of the theatrical process in connection with his personal fate.
Oral History of the "Temple of Science": A Collection of Interviews and Reminiscences of the Staff of the Institute of Russian History of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Authors: Metel Olga
Published: July 2024

This article analyses You are going to the temple of science… (Moscow, 2021), a collection of interviews and memoirs by employees of the Institute of Russian History of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The collection was compiled by V. N. Kruglov, V. V. Tikhonov, and Yu. S. Filina. The author considers the heuristic potential of these texts and the peculiarities of their use in historiographical studies. The interviews are important for the historian of science for two reasons: they provide them with important details of the everyday academic life of the institution (the so-called “historiographical life”), which are difficult or impossible to obtain from other types of documents, and they help to clarify the details found in the office records. The interviews and memoirs of historians in this collection allow the historiographer to get acquainted with the process of a young Soviet historian’s entry into a scholarly corporation, to characterise the peculiarities of relations between members of the latter, to show the nature of production processes in Soviet humanities research institutes, to report on the peculiarities of the management of scientific institutes, etc. It is pointed out that the information in these texts should be treated with caution, that they are characterised by a certain subjectivity and reflect the mentality of researchers belonging to the late Soviet generation.
Eremostachys laevigata Bunge responses to different extraction solvents and methods: physiological, biochemical, and antibacterial attributes
Authors: AHMADNIA Parisa , NOURAFCAN Hassan , ASSADI Assad , FARAMARZI Ali
Published: July 2024

This study examined the biochemical composition of Eremostachys laevigata Bunge's aerial and underground organs using various solvents (methanol, water, N-hexane, chloroform, and acetone) and their impact on antibacterial activity against eight bacterial strains (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella enterica, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Shigella dysenteriae, Proteus mirabilis, and Bacillus cereus). Soxhlet and maceration extraction methods were used, and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined using the tube dilution method. The study found that N-Hexane and water solvents had the highest total phenol content, while methanol, acetone, and chloroform had the lowest. Additionally, N-Hexane and methanol solvents showed the highest and lowest flavonoid content, respectively. The methanol extract from underground organs using the Soxhlet method exhibited the strongest antibacterial activity, whereas the acetone extract showed the weakest antimicrobial effect. Staphylococcus aureus displayed both the MIC and MBC, and Salmonella enterica showed the highest susceptibility to the well diffusion method, while both Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were highly susceptible to the disk diffusion method. The underground organs contained 6.87 mg.g-1 of phenolic compounds and 0.19 mg.g-1 of flavonoids. Two iridoid glycosides, pholoyoside and sesamoside, were separated from the methanol extract of the underground organs using reversed-phase HPLC. The research highlights E. laevigata Bunge's potential as a natural reservoir of antimicrobial compounds, with phenolic and flavonoid compounds, along with iridoid glycosides, presumed to contribute to its antibacterial properties.
Physical and chemical characterization of guava (Psidium guajava L.) genotypes grown in subtropical condition
Authors: BALKIÇ Recep , BALCI-TORUN Ferhan , GÜNGÖR Keziban Kübra , GULER Gizem , GUBBUK Hamide
Published: July 2024

Guava is a high-value tropical fruit that is widely grown in tropical and subtropical regions around the world. In the adaptation studies carried out in Turkey, guava was determined as the most prominent species with its cold resistance feature. The use of seedlings in cultivation created a genetic variation and differences were observed between the resulting genotypes, especially in terms of fruit size, shape and colour. Based on this observation, this study aimed to characterize 13 different guava fruit genotypes based on physical, chemical, bioactive and aroma properties. In the adaptation studies carried out in Turkey, guava was determined as the most prominent species with its cold resistance feature. There is only one commercial variety namely ‘Ruby Supreme’ grown in Turkey. Presently, the interest of the guava cultivation has been increased and farmers were used seedling material instead of vegetative to establish orchard. Due to the cross pollination, it has been observed great variation in the population.  Therefore, it is important to select promising genotypes according to   fruit size, shape and colour.  The present study was evaluated 13 different guava genotypes according to physical, chemical, bioactive and aroma properties. Significant differences were observed among the genotypes. One genotype was found superior over all the genotypes, in terms of fruit weight (131.44 g) and length (82.00 mm). Although three genotypes were having lower values than the other samples in results of total soluble solids, they had higher results in terms of antioxidant capacity and total phenolic content. Two genotypes formed a separate group from all other genotypes in terms of (Z)-3-Hexen-1-yl acetate (sweet, pear, melon), 3-Hexenal (melon, tropical) and Ethyl alcohol (fruit and sweet) components. The flavor components are distinctive for the guava samples, as are the physical properties. It was also determined that the white guava genotypes had very different chemical and aromatic properties from other genotypes. The promising genotypes can be utilized in the future breeding programme to improve new guava varieties.
Morphological, biochemical and nutritional variations in a Mexican purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) variety exposed to salt stress during the vegetative stage
Authors: GUEVARA-OLIVAR Brenda K. , GÓMEZ-MERINO Fernando C. , RUÍZ-POSADAS Lucero del Mar , FERNÁNDEZ-PAVÍA Yolanda L. , ESCALANTE-ESTRADA José A. , TREJO-TÉLLEZ Libia I.
Published: July 2024

Salt stress limits productivity of crop plants, and differential responses may be observed among genotypes. Herein we analyzed the effects of saline stress induced by the application of different concentrations of sodium chloride (0.00, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, and 1.00 M NaCl) in a local Mexican variety of purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) named ‘Atlapulco’ in vegetative stage. The NaCl concentrations were applied in the Hoagland nutrient solution used in irrigation for 14 days under greenhouse conditions, using perlite as a substrate. Analysis of variance and comparison of means were carried out with the data obtained. NaCl concentrations from 0.50 M reduced canopy coverage 36.8% and stem diameter by almost 21%, while all NaCl doses reduced the leaf area by 28.2%, on average, as compared to the control. Dry stem biomass and chlorophyll b were reduced by the saline gradient. Secondary stems and root length increased with 1.00 M by 23 and 29%, respectively. Proline concentration both in leaves and stems increased by 223.9 and 138%, respectively, when applying 1.00 M NaCl, compared to the control. Applying 0.75 and 1.00 M NaCl reduced N concentrations by 47 and 28.8% in leaf tissues, respectively, compared to the control. The concentrations of P and K in leaves, and K in roots also decreased with the saline treatments, while those of Ca and Mg were not affected in any of the analyzed tissues. The highest concentrations of Na in leaves were observed in doses 0.50 and 0.75 M NaCl, surpassing the control by 67.5 and 73.1%, respectively. The findings reported herein are very useful to propose programs for the recovery of saline soils in the region and design environmental policies aimed at mitigating the effects of climate change on food production.
How the application of supporting substances affects the formation of fertile embryos of crossbred cherries and its germination
Authors: PAZDERU Katerina , SURAN Pavol , ZDARSKA Ivona , BYDZOVSKA Tereza , ZELENY Lubor
Published: July 2024

The seeds of early ripening cherry cultivars are generally of poor quality, thereby adversely affect the success of the entire breeding process. The current study aimed to examine the application of supporting substances, such as brown algae extract (ALGA), humic and fulvic acids + IAA (LEXIN), and gibberellic acid (GA3), in the blooming and ripening of fruits. Successively, the same substances were applied to seeds within laboratory conditions, to enhance the quality of cherry embryos and promote their germination. For comparison, two cultivars, an early one ‘Burlat’ and late ‘HL 13577’ were used in a multi-year trial. The application of GA3 at the time of blooming in the ‘Burlat’ cultivar had a positive effect on increasing the share of harvested fruits (31.6%), reduction of the share of bad seeds (17.7%) and improving seed germination (21.9%), compared to the untreated control. Cultivar ‘HL 13577’ had 16.6% of developed fruits, 15.0% share of bad seeds and seed germination 9.8%. No remarkable increase in germination was observed in any tested variants after the secondary application of preparations in the laboratory. The impact of the year was most explicit in the proportionality of developed fruits, while its effect on seed germination post-treatment remained uncertain. On the contrary, the treatment exhibited a greater effect on germination testing. Based on these findings, we conclude that direct application of GA3 to the trees (from blooming to fruit harvesting) in the orchard was beneficial. However, the other substances tested did not produce positive effects on the parameters.
Nutritional and phytochemical comparative analysis of conventional/organic maize grain before and after subjection to accelerated aging test - a preliminary study
Authors: GOLIJAN PANTOVIĆ Jelena , PETRONIJEVIĆ Radivoj , GORDANIĆ Stefan , MILINČIĆ Danijel D. , ĐORĐEVIĆ Radiša , JOVIČIĆ Dušica , LEKIĆ Slavoljub , KOSTIĆ Aleksandar Ž.
Published: July 2024

This study aimed to ascertain the differences in the nutritional composition of maize grains by analysing their lipid, protein, fatty acid, triacylglycerol, and sugar content before and after undergoing an accelerated aging (AA) test. Additionally, phytochemicals (total pigments, phenolics and flavonoids), as well as antioxidant potential of maize grains were evaluated through ABTS•+ scavenging capacity and ferric reducing power (FRP) assays. Maize was cultivated in Serbia during the 2017 season, employing two growing systems (conventional and organic). Although minimal differences were observed in protein and lipid content, the grains proved to be an excellent source of polyunsaturated fatty acids and triacylglycerols with ECN44 fraction being predominant. The total soluble sugar content was low, while starch content was significantly higher. HPLC analysis confirmed a considerably higher prevalence of non-reducing disaccharides compared to reducing disaccharides. Maize grains emerged as a substantial source of chlorophyll a (0.53-4.38 µg/g DW), phenolics (1498.9-1931.3 mg FAE/kg DW), and flavonoids (85.7-381.9 mg QE/kg DW). All tested extracts exhibited satisfactory abilities to neutralize free ABTS•+. The FRP assay revealed a significantly higher ability to reduce Fe3+-ions in conventionally produced grains. According to the Blunt-Altman test, all analysed parameters showed considerable similarity, except for chlorophylls a and b. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that grains exposed to the AA test were mainly separated based on chlorophyll a, C20:0, C18:1n-9, MUFA, carotenoids, lipids content. Conversely, conventional untreated grains were primarily distinguished by their pentose, hexose and chlorophyll b content, while in the case of organic samples, disaccharides (both reducing and non-reducing) and soluble sugars were the main differentiating factors. The present preliminary study can serve as foundational research for future investigations aimed at comprehending alterations in nutrients and phytochemicals induced by accelerated aging tests. However, it should be supplemented and expanded upon by subsequent studies in the future.
Sequencing and analysis of transcriptome to reveal regulation of gene expression for polysaccharide synthesis in Dendrobium officinale under different light quality
Authors: WANG Ying , LI Xiang , CHEN Long , WANG Xiaoxun , HUANG Ding , TENG Jianbei , DAI Zhonghua , BAI Yanyuan , DONG Xuejing , ZHANG Miao , ZHU Hua
Published: July 2024

Light is a key factor affecting the growth and quality formation of Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo. In this study, we used D. officinale under different light conditions as experimental materials to explore the key genes that regulate its polysaccharide content. In addition, we cloned the UGPase gene and validated the gene by bioinformatics analysis and real-time quantitative PCR. Compared with the natural light control group, 494, 1630 and 599 differentially expressed genes were screened under different light quality conditions of red, blue and yellow, respectively. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses of these differentially expressed genes showed that the differentially expressed genes were enriched in the light signal transduction process under different light quality conditions. Bioinformatics analyses showed that the sequences of the genes were highly conserved with the sequences of the UGPase genes of other species, and had the highest sequence similarity with Phalaenopsis, which is also a member of the orchid family. Real-time quantitative PCR results showed that red light had the most significant promoting effect on the UGPase gene of D. officinale. In this study, we applied high-throughput sequencing technology to establish a transcriptome database of D. officinale under different light conditions and obtained a large amount of transcriptional information about D. officinale. The related genes affecting the quality of D. officinale were analysed at the transcriptional level, and the D. officinale UGPase gene was cloned, and its expression was analysed in different tissues and under different light conditions.
Synthesize of bio-based encapsulated nano urea modified hydroxyapatite for controlling release of nitrogen and enhancing green bean yield
Authors: ABDELGAWAD Karima F. , FATHY Muhammad A. , HELAL Mohamed I.D. , KHATER Hassan A. , EL-MOGY Mohamed M. , ABDELKADER Noha H.
Published: July 2024

The massive rise in the world population requires increasing food production, and the world needs to decrease agricultural inputs like agrochemicals to preserve natural resources. The low nutrient use efficiency of conventional fertilizers has always been a concern because of their impact on the environment, and they are considered a waste of natural resources, which is against sustainability goals. Their low efficiency is attributed to their high solubility and fast release into the soil. Controlled-release fertilizers (CRFs) can reduce nutrient loss, which increases their efficiency and controls environmental pollution. In this study, single- and double-layers coating of biopolymers were applied to encapsulate nano urea-modified hydroxyapatite to control nitrogen release in soil. Hydroxyapatite was synthesized using the wet chemical precipitation method and two different rodlike and mesoporous hydroxyapatites were obtained. Nano-hydroxyapatite that had been synthesized was mixed with urea in two different amounts: 4:1 and 8:1. Biopolymers were then added on top. The current CRF synthesis strategy focuses on using low-cost, widespread biorefinery materials to decrease the manufacturing cost of CRFs. The nitrogen release rate of the synthesized CRFs and commercial urea in water and soil was studied. In field experiments, the impact of CRFs on green bean growth and yield was studied. The results showed that both single and double-coated CRFs reduced the N release rate in the soil and increased the fertilizer's longevity to 24 days, compared to 6 days for conventional urea. The total yield of green beans increased by 48%-120% by applying 75% of the recommended dose compared with that obtained with the full dose of conventional urea (control). Also, applying double-coated CRFs at N level of 25% of the recommended dose gives a green bean yield equal to the control. The recommended treatment is SC-CRF prepared with C-HA applied at N rate of 75% to match the future increase in the required amount of food.
Response of lignin and flavonoid metabolic pathways in Capsicum annuum to drought and waterlogging stresses
Authors: LV Xueying , XIAO Huangqiao , JIE Hongdong , MA Yushen , LONG Zhao , HE Pengliang , XING Hucheng , JIE Yucheng
Published: July 2024

Water stress is a critical factor limiting the growth and development of Capsicum annuum. Flavonoids and lignin are important secondary metabolites that serve as signaling molecules in plant stress responses. However, the effects and regulatory mechanisms of lignin and flavonoids under water stress in Capsicum annuum remain unknown. The present study focused on the effects of drought and waterlogging stress on the morphology, hydrogen peroxide, and relative chlorophyll (SPAD), as well as enzyme activities, metabolite contents, and gene expression related to lignin and flavonoid metabolic pathways in Capsicum annuum. The results showed that drought and waterlogging stresses on the Capsicum annuum variety ‘Shuyu2’ significantly reduced plant height, stem thickness, and single-fruit weight, and increased fruit shape coefficients. Drought stress increased H2O2 and SPAD content, enhanced the activity levels of metabolic enzymes (phenylalanine deaminase, cinnamate 4-hydroxylase, coenzyme A ligase, peroxidase, and polyphenol oxidase), and up-regulated the expression of related genes, phenylalanine deaminase (PAL), trans-cinnamate monooxygenase (C4H), chalcone isomerase (CHI), and mangiferyl hydroxycinnamoyltransferase (HCT), while also promoting the accumulation of metabolites (total phenolics, flavonoids, and lignin) that have a restorative effect on drought stress. The continuous accumulation of H2O2 and the increase and then decrease in SPAD under waterlogging stress was also observed. Waterlogging stress also enhanced the activities of the above-mentioned metabolic enzymes, but the related genes were selectively down-regulated, e.g., C4H, 4CL, and peroxidase (POD), which resulted in the inhibition of the synthesis of lignin, flavonoids, and total phenols. These results indicate that the Capsicum annuum variety ‘Shuyu2’ is a drought-tolerant, waterlogging-sensitive variety. Meanwhile, the lignin and flavonoid pathway is a key pathway in response to drought stress in Capsicum annuum, which improves the theory of stress tolerance breeding in Capsicum annuum.
Impact of planting density and organic fertilization on the cultivation of the Greek endemic Helichrysum amorginum Boiss. and Orph.
Authors: STAVROPOULOS Georgios , PAPASTYLIANOU Panayiota , KARAPATZAK Eleftherios , VASSALOS Evangelos , MALOUPA Eleni , KAKABOUKI Ioanna
Published: July 2024

Native phytogenetic resources can offer valuable germplasm diversity with potential for sustainable utilization. Helichrysum amorginum Boiss. and Orph. (Asteraceae) a Greek endemic, range-restricted neglected and underutilized plant species (NUP) holds significant utilization potential stemming from its known biochemical properties. The current study presents the results of a three-year experimental cultivation scheme of documented Greek H. amorginum germplasm aiming at its sustainable exploitation. Different planting densities in combination with ascending levels of organic fertilization in two distinct experimental fields were applied and plant growth coupled with inflorescence emergence and biomass yield were evaluated across a period of three years. The results highlighted the growth enhancing effect of organic fertilization under different planting densities with lower densities presenting a trend to sustain larger plants in terms of increased plant base diameter. Inflorescence emergence increased significantly from the second cultivation year onwards in both experimental fields with increasing levels of organic fertilization delivering higher rates of inflorescence number under decreasing planting densities. The current study provides a basis for a systematized research scheme that can facilitate further domestication and upscaling efforts leading to the sustainable utilization of H. amorginum in the pharmaceutical and cosmetics sectors, offering at the same time, local economic development.
Design and Development of an Efficient Demographic-based Movie Recommender System using Hybrid Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Paranjape Vishal , Nihalani Neelu , Mishra Nishchol
Published: July 2024

Movie Recommender systems are frequently used in academics and industry to give users with relevant, engaging material based on their rating history. However, most traditional methods suffer from the cold-start problem, which is the initial lack of item ratings and data sparsity. The Hybrid Machine Learning (ML) technique is proposed for a movie recommendation system. Demographic data is collected from the Movie Lens dataset, and attributes are evaluated using the Attribute Analysis module. The Aquila Optimization Algorithm is used to select the best attributes, while Random Forest classifier is used for classification. Data is clustered using Fuzzy Probabilistic Cmeans Clustering Algorithm (FPCCA), and the Correspondence Index Assessment Phase (CIAP) uses Bhattacharyya Coefficient in Collaborative Filtering (BCCF) for similarity index calculation. The Outcomes gives the proposed method obtained low error, such as MAE has 0.44, RMSE has 0.63 compared with the baseline methods.
A Multi-attribute Decision-making Method for Interval Rough Number Information System Considering Distribution Types
Authors: Liu Hongmei , Weng Shizhou
Published: July 2024

This paper proposes a novel multi-attribute decision-making (MADM) method for interval rough numbers (IRNs) considering different distribution types, namely uniform, exponential, and normal distributions. Upper and lower approximate interval dominance degrees are defined and aggregated using dynamic weights to obtain pairwise comparisons of IRNs. The properties of dominance are verified, and an attribute weight determination method based on the dominance balance degree is introduced. The proposed MADM method is data-driven and does not rely on the subjective preferences of decision-makers. Case analysis demonstrates the effectiveness and rationality of the proposed method, revealing that the distribution type of IRNs significantly impacts decision results, potentially leading to reversed ranking outcomes. The proposed method offers a comprehensive framework for handling MADM problems with IRNs under different distributions.
A Collaborative Control Protocol with Artificial Intelligence for Medical Student Work Scheduling
Authors: Dusadeerungsikul Puwadol Oak , Nof Shimon Y.
Published: July 2024

Effective work scheduling for clinical training is essential for medical education, yet it remains challenging. Creating a clinical training schedule is a difficult task, due to the complexity of curriculum requirements, hospital demands, and student well-being. This study proposes the Collaborative Control Protocol with Artificial Intelligence for Medical Student Work Scheduling (CCP-AI-MWS) to optimize clinical training schedules. The CCP-AI-MWS integrates the Collaborative Requirement Planning principle with Artificial Intelligence (AI). Two experiments have been conducted comparing CCP-AI-MWS with current practice. Results show that the newly developed protocol outperforms the current method. CCP-AI-MWS achieves a more equitable distribution of assignments, better accommodates student preferences, and reduces unnecessary workload, thus mitigating student burnout and improving satisfaction. Moreover, the CCP-AI-MWS exhibits adaptability to unexpected situations and minimizes disruptions to the current schedule. The findings present the potential of CCP-AI-MWS to transform scheduling practices in medical education, offering an efficient solution that could benefit medical schools worldwide.
SMALL-DATA REDUCED-ORDER MODELING OF CHAOTIC DYNAMICS THROUGH SYCO-AE: SYNTHETICALLY CONSTRAINED AUTOENCODERS
Authors: Popov Andrey A. , Zanetti Renato
Published: July 2024

Data-driven reduced-order modeling of chaotic dynamics can result in systems that either dissipate or diverge catastrophically. Leveraging nonlinear dimensionality reduction of autoencoders and the freedom of nonlinear operator inference with neural networks, we aim to solve this problem by
imposing a synthetic constraint in the reduced-order space. The synthetic constraint allows our reduced-order model both the freedom to remain fully nonlinear and highly unstable while preventing divergence. We illustrate the methodology with the classical 40-variable Lorenz '96 equations and with a more realistic fluid flow problem-the quasi-geostrophic equations-showing that our methodology is capable of producing medium-to-long-range forecasts with lower error using less data than other nonlinear methods.
MATERIALS FOR IMPREGNATION OF POROUS METALLIZATION THERMAL SPRAYED ANTICORROSIVE COATINGS OF SUBMERSIBLE OILFIELD EQUIPMENT. Part 2
Authors: Pozdeeva A.Yu. , Amosov A.P. , Yudin P.E.
Published: July 2024

The use of thermal sprayed coatings in aggressive petroleum fluid is limited due to the presence of porosity in it. When fluid gets into the pores, corrosion processes begin and thereby reduce the protective properties of thermal sprayed coating. The application of impregnating compounds makes it possible to seal open porosity and prevent the penetration of aggressive environments into the metal under the coating, thereby increasing the barrier properties of the coating. Epoxy polymer materials demonstrate high corrosion resistance and are widely used in the oil industry to protect pipeline elements and submersible oilfield equipment during operation. The second part of the article presents both traditional polymer impregnation materials and new compositions with magnetic nanoparticles and nanocarbon fillers (fullerenes, graphene and nanotubes) which, due to the created magnetic field, are evenly distributed throughout the polymer matrix and increase the crack resistance of the matrix. Polymer impregnating materials of both domestic and foreign production based on phenolic, epoxy, acrylic and urethane resins, modes of their application, conditions of their operation and temperature restrictions are considered. The possibility of using existing independent anti-corrosion polymer coatings as an impregnation of metallization thermal sprayed layers is discussed. Their advantages and disadvantages are highlighted. Examples of self-healing polymer matrices are given that are capable of recognizing the onset of corrosion processes and responding by releasing appropriate effective self-healing agents. The possibility of adding inhibitors to the polymer matrix is described, which helps to increase the anti-corrosion properties of the coating and thereby increase the time between failures of equipment. The issue of normative regulation of the use of impregnating compositions in various fields of industry is covered. The main directions of research that need to be carried out to solve the problem of using polymer materials as the most promising impregnating compositions for anti-corrosion thermal sprayed coatings of submersible oilfield equipment have been identified. First of all, it is necessary to reduce the viscosity of polymer resins to increase their penetration into open pores.
SELECTION OF A METHOD FOR MONITORING THE PIPELINE FOR THE PRESENCE OF CORROSION DAMAGES
Authors: Romanov S.A. , Kazban S.V. , Zharinova N.V. , Faizov I.F. , Rasskazov M.Yu.
Published: July 2024

Pitting corrosion is a form of localized destruction of metals and alloys. Leads to the formation of depressions in certain areas of the surface of metal products.This type of metal destruction is unpredictable and the most dangerous:— pitting grows deeper into the metal at a rate exceeding the rate of general corrosion;— rapid development can lead to the formation of corrosion cracks, fistulas or pinpoint through destruction of the metal;— due to its rapid spread and small size, the defect is not easy to detect even with the use of non-destructive testing methods;— with a large accumulation of pitting corrosion, the depth of damage on the metal surface is greater;— pitting type corrosion can spread on stainless steels and in layers of the top anti-corrosion coating.Work has been carried out to select a method for technical diagnostics of the pipeline, capable of identifying the presence of pitting corrosion damage to the pipe.As a sample, a cut-out pipeline element with a diameter of 325 mm, a wall thickness of 5 mm, steel grade TP304 according to ASTM A312 (equivalent to 08Х18Н10) was provided, containing areas affected by internal pitting corrosion of the base metal, through lesions with chipping of the factory welded joint and multiple corrosion lesions lower reinforcement of assembly welded joints.In order to solve the problem, it was recommended to test certain equipment using eddy current testing methods and ultrasonic testing methods.During the work, both welded joints and the base metal of the pipe sample were scanned.The low-frequency eddy current flaw detector TiS 8C allows you to detect localized defects with high productivity. Eddify's Reddy Eddy Current Flaw Detector allows you to detect high throughput localized defects and surface defects in welds.Inspection using ultrasonic phased array flaw detector OmniScan SX is capable of providing high sensitivity, pitting is not detected, inspection speed is low, requires high quality surface preparation and the use of coupling fluidAs a confirmatory testing method, it is recommended to use an ultrasonic thickness gauge or a general-purpose ultrasonic flaw detector.