bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aplikasi Metode Very Low Frequency Electromagnetic (VLF-EM) untuk Karakteristik Bawah Permukaan di Daerah Kapur Desa Melirang Kecamatan Bungah Kabupaten Gresik (Halaman 38 s.d. 41)
Authors: Hadi Purwanto Eko , Minarto Eko , Syaeful Bahri Ayi
Published: January 2020

Metode Very Low Frequency Electromagnetic (VLF-EM) merupakan metode geofisika yang cepat, ramah lingkungan dan metode elektromagnetik pasif yang bekerja pada pita frekuensi 15-30 kHz. Metode ini digunakan untuk mengkarakteristik bawah permukaan dan menentukan sebaran dolomit di daerah kapur Desa Melirang Kecamatan Bungah Kabupaten Gresik. Pengambilan data dilakukan pada enam lintasan dengan panjang 550 m dan spasi setiap lintasan sebesar 5 m. Hasil akuisisi data VLF-EM berupa nilai inphase, quadrature, tilt-angle, dan total field. Data tersebut diolah dengan filter NA-MEMD dan diinterpretasikan secara kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Analisa kualitatif menggunakan filter fraser dan karous-Hjelt untuk menentukan bentuk, jalur, dan kedalaman dolomit dengan tepat (nilai resistivitas 100-104 Ωm), sedangkan analisa kuantitatif dihasilkan nilai resistivitas 2-D dari hasil inversi data tripper (inphase dan quadrature) dengan software Inv2DVLF. Analisa kuantitatif menghasilkan kedalaman dolomit antara 0 – 30 m dan 50 – 70 m dengan nilai resitivitas antara 110 – 600 Ωm. Hasil estimasi ini menunjukkan jalur dolomit dari arah timur laut-barat daya, timur-barat, dan barat laut-tenggara.
Uji Sifat Optik Film Tipis Ba0.55Sr0.45TiO3 di Atas Substrat Corning Glass 7059 (Halaman 45 s.d. 48)
Authors: Liman Johansah , Harsono Budi , Taopik Rohman Tantan , Trimukti Umi , Khalid Muhammad , Roharti Eti , - Irzaman
Published: January 2020

Telah berhasil dibuat film tipis Ba0.55Sr0.45TiO3 di atas substrat Corning Glass 7059 dengan metode Chemical Solution Deposition (CSD) berbantuan spin coating berkecepatan putar 3000 rpm selama 30 detik dalam kelarutan 1 M. Film tipis di annealing pada suhu 550 oC, 575 oC, selama 22 jam. Sifat optik dilakukan dengan alat Ocean Optic USB 4000 pada rentang gelombang cahaya tampak (350-790 nm) diperoleh energi bandgap sebesar 1.888 eV dan 1.712 eV.
Analisis Sifat Optis Lapisan Tipis ZnO, TiO2, TiO2:ZnO, dengan dan Tanpa Lapisan Penyangga yang Dideposisikan Menggunakan Metode Sol-Gel Spray Coating (Halaman 41 s.d. 44)
Authors: Amananti Wilda , Sutanto Heri
Published: January 2020

Pada penelitian ini lapisan tipis TiO2, ZnO, TiO2:ZnO, dengan dan tanpa lapisan penyangga  telah berhasil di deposisi di atas subtrat kaca menggunakan metode sol-gel dengan teknik spray coating. Sifat optik lapisan tipis TiO2, ZnO, TiO2:ZnO, dengan dan tanpa lapisan penyangga  dikarakterisasi dengan menggunakan spektrofotometer UV-Vis. Hasil pengujian menunjukan bahwa kualitas lapisan tipis TiO2:ZnO yang ditumbukan di atas subtrat kaca lebih baik dari pada lapisan tipis TiO2 dan lapisan tipis yang ditumbuhkan pada lapisan penyangga ZnO lebih baik daripada lapisan tipis yang ditumbuhkan langsung pada substrat kaca. Selain itu dengan adanya lapisan penyangga dapat memperkecil celah pita energi lapisan tipis. Besarnya celah pita energi lapisan tipis  TiO2, ZnO, TiO2:ZnO, ZnO/TiO2, ZnO/TiO2:ZnO masing masing secara berturut-turut adalah 3,2 eV; 3,12 eV; 3,08 eV; 3,04 eV dan 3,0 eV.
Pengukuran Konsentrasi Gas Aseton (C3H6O) dari Gas Hembus Relawan Berpotensi Penyakit Diabetes Mellitus dengan Metode Spektroskopi Fotoakustik Laser (Halaman 94 s.d. 96)
Authors: - Mitrayana , A. J. Wasono M. , R. Ikhsan M.
Published: January 2020

Telah dilakukan pengukuran konsentrasi gas biomarker berupa gas aseton dari gas hembus pernafasan relawan sehat dan pasien diabetes mellitus di bangsal penyakit dalam Rumah Sakit Umum Dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta. Pengukuran dilakukan menggunakan alat Spektrometer Fotoakustik Laser CO2 yang dibangun di Lab. Fisika Atom dan Inti Jurusan Fisika FMIPA UGM. Hasil dari pengukuran konsentrasi gas aseton tersebut dapat dilihat secara jelas perbedaan antara relawan sehat dan pasien.
Analisis Data Resistivitas Dipole-dipole Untuk Identifikasi Dan Perhitungan Sumber Daya Asbuton Di Daerah Kabungka, Pasarwajo, Pulau Buton, Sulawesi Tenggara (Halaman 1 s.d. 7)
Authors: Suyanto Imam , Setyo Utomo Agung
Published: January 2020

Telah dilakukan penelitian sebaran batuan aspal buton (asbuton) dengan menggunakan metode resistivitas dipole-dipole. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memetakan sebaran asbuton secara 2-D maupun 3-D seta menghitung cadangan asbuton daerah penelitian. Penentuan sebaran asbuton didasarkan pada perbedaan nilai resistivitas asbuton dengan batuan di sekitarnya. Pengolahan dan pemodelan data resistivitas menggunakan software Res2Dinv, sehingga didapatkan model penampang resistivitas asbuton. Penentuan nilai asbuton daerah penelitian didasarkan pada lintasan yang melewati singkapan asbuton, yaitu antara 90 – 600 Ωm. Sebaran asbuton setelah dilakukan pemodelan secara 2-D maupun 3-D banyak terdapat pada Formasi Tondo dengan bentuk asbuton berupa bolder dengan ketebalan bervariasi antara 1 – 40 meter. Besar potensi cadangan asbuton dimasukkan dalam 2 kategori yaitu : cadangan terukur dan cadangan tereka. Besar potensi asbuton pada cadangan terukur dengan volume 6,1 juta meter kubik (m3) adalah 17,0 juta ton. Besar potensi asbuton cadangan tereka dengan volume 22,2 juta meter kubik (m3) adalah 62,1 juta ton.
Standardisasi 129I menggunakan sistem koinsidensi γ(NaI) – γ(NaI) (Halaman 20 s.d. 24)
Authors: - Pujadi , Wurdiyanto Gatot
Published: January 2020

Telah dilakukan penelitian standardisasi secara absolut radionuklida 129I menggunakan sistem koinsidensi γ(NaI) – γ(NaI) dengan  metode perunut. Radionuklida 129I memancarkan radiasi foton yang tidak serempak atau peluruhan bukan cascade, sehingga pengukuran aktivitas menggunakan metode koinsidensi   memerlukan radionuklida lain  sebagai perunut. 125I digunakan sebagai perunut karena peluruhannya serempak dan mempunyai kesamaan sifat kimia serta kesesuaian daerah energi foton yaitu pada  27 – 40 keV. Sumber  125I dan 129I dalam bentuk cairan Kalium Iodida (KI) dalam H20, masing-masing dipreparasi sendiri-sendiri menjadi cuplikan sumber  bentuk titik padat dalam bentuk AgI dengan menambahkan AgNO3.  Berat cuplikan ditentukan   secara gravimetri, berat masing-masing berkisar antara 10 - 30 mg setiap cuplikan. Tahap pertama dilakukan penentuan aktivitas perunut, menggunakan sistem koinsidensi γ(NaI) – γ(NaI).  Pengukuran dilakukan pada daerah puncak energi gamma tunggal 13 – 42 keV (single peak).  Tahap kedua dilakukan pengukuran  sumber campuran 129I  dan 125I (sandwiched),  menggunakan peralatan dan  seting   yang sama dengan kondisi pengukuran aktivitas perunut.  Hasil pengukuran aktivitas 129I menggunakan perunut 125I, diperoleh aktivitas sebesar  998,56   ± 1,01% Bq/gr dengan waktu acuan 1 agustus 2012.  Nilai aktivitas   129I tersebut bersesuaian dengan hasil pengukuran aktivitas  PTB – Jerman menggunakan kamar pengionan-4πγ, dengan perbedaan  0,14%.
Kajian Penggunaan Arduino dan Komputer Sebagai Osiloskop
Authors: Sulistya Eko
Published: January 2020

Perkembangan teknologi elektronika, khususnya dalam bidang mikrokontroler sangatlah pesat dengan dibuatnya satu modul elektonik yang dinamakan dengan Arduino. Dalam Arduino terdapat berbagai fungsi, misalnya sebagai penerima sensor suhu, cahaya, suara, dan lain sebagainya, juga sebagai ADC (Analog to Digital Converter), dan sebagai pembangkit sinyal digital. Dengan kemampuan Arduino yang bisa menerima tegangan analog, ada kemungkinan bahwa Arduino dapat digunakan sebagai osiloskop, dengan komputer (laptop) sebagai penampil sinyalnya. Pemanfaatan Arduino sebagai osiloskop telah dilakukan oleh beberapa orang, salah satunya  adalah yang dibuat oleh Rogerio Bego, menggunakan pemrograman Processing. Dalam penelitian ini, dilakukan modifikasi pada program osiloskop itu, dan dilakukan serangkaian pengujian untuk menguji apakah osiloskop-arduino dapat digunakan dalam Eksperimen Fisika Dasar. Pengujian yang dilakukan adalah dalam mengukur frekuensi dan tegangan sinyal analog dari frekuensi generator menggunakan osiloskop-arduino. Dari pengujian tersebut diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa osiloskop-arduino mampu menampilkan sinyal analog dengan cukup baik dan responsif, namun masih belum akurat jika digunakan sebagai alat ukur sebagaimana osiloskop analog. Oleh karena itu masih memerlukan pengembangan program untuk bisa digunakan sebagai alat bantu Eksperimen Fisika Dasar.
NETWORK NEUTRALITY: STANDAR BARU DALAM TATA KELOLA INTERNET?
Authors: Permana Rizky Banyualam
Published: January 2020

Saat ini network neutrality tengah menjadi perdebatan di berbagai negara. Pada intinya pengaturan tersebut menegaskan bahwa penyedia jasa internet (ISP) tidak dapat melakukan melakukan diskriminasi atau pembedaan atas konten data yang dibawa dalam jaringan internet, sehingga pengguna tidak boleh dibatasi oleh ISP dalam penggunaan internet dan pemilihan aplikasi internet. Namun demikian, pengaturan tersebut bersinggungan dengan beberapa isu yaitu privasi, moral publik, dan keamanan negara. Tulisan ini menjelaskan tentang network neutrality, dan meninjau posisi Indonesia untuk menerapkan pengaturan tersebut. Penulis memberikan simpulan bahwa urgensi untuk menerapkan peraturan serupa semakin mengecil, dan network neutrality belum menjadi standar pengaturan dalam tata kelola internet.
Pendekatan Holistik Transportasi Berbasis Aplikasi dalam Kerangka Hukum Perlindungan Konsumen
Authors: Suwandono Agus
Published: January 2020

AbstractRegulations of transportation based applications still get a rejection, while the government as the regulator may concern to provide protection for public transport providers and consumers. This research method is the juridical normative with descriptive analytical specifications. The results showed that the regulations of the transportation-based application should pay attention to the interests of consumers, businessperson and the government. In addition, there are no regulation abaut ojek online causes the absence of legal certainty to the existence of ojek online. Legal protection of the consumer transportation based applications in some aspects have fulfilled this aspect of consumer protection, by remaining attentive to the rights of other consumers. IntisariPengaturan transportasi berbasis aplikasi masih saja mendapatkan penolakan, sementara pemerintah selaku regulator berkepentingan untuk memberikan perlindungan bagi angkutan konvensional dan konsumen. Penelitian ini bersifat yuridis normatif dengan spesifikasi deskriftif analitis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengaturan transportasi berbasis aplikasi harus memperhatikan kepentingan konsumen, pelaku usaha dan pemerintah. Selain itu, tidak diaturnya ojek online menyebabkan tidak adanya kepastian hukum terhadap keberadaan ojek online. Perlindungan hukum terhadap konsumen transportasi berbasis aplikasi dalam beberapa aspek telah memenuhi aspek perlindungan konsumen, dengan tetap memperhatikan hak-hak konsumen yang lainnya.
PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN NOTARIS PADA PENERBITAN COVERNOTE
Authors: Kadir Rahmia , Patittingi Farida , Said Nurfaidah , Arisaputra Muhammad Ilham
Published: January 2020

Covernote is a certificate containing the ability of a notary to carry out what the creditor wants. Notary is solely responsible for the content contained in the covernote. In the event of a nonconformity between a statement in covernote and its reality in the field, the notary must be responsible, whether criminal or civil and even morally responsible. A notary's office is a profession that is given great trust and high by society so that what he poured in his legal products or in his explanations can be regarded as something that is true. So, when there is a notary statement that is not in accordance with the actual situation, it will have an impact on tercederainya notary profession itself.
The Path to Global Warming
Authors: Lane Jan-Erik
Published: January 2020

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Tax Mix, Tax Reform and Economic Growth in Morocco: A Quantitative Analysis
Authors: Karim Mohamed , Bouzahzah Mohamed , Touzani Ahmed
Published: January 2020

The current economic situation and its effects on the situation of public finances thus place the tax system, even more than before, at the heart of economic and social policy debates. This debate can only be fruitful and lead to relevant recommendations on the basis of a global diagnosis of this system, both in terms of its structure and legislative construction, as well as in terms of its day-to-day practice and management by the administration and taxpayers, and its perception by all parties concerned. The aim is to establish a fairer tax system in which each taxpayer pays his taxes according to his ability to pay and an effective tax system to promote economic growth.
Active or Passive-What Do Pre-Service Science Teachers Prefer in Their Professional Training?
Authors: Gal Adiv
Published: January 2020

The integration of PCK into CK courses base on diverse learning environments and student-centered approach has enabled the development of a Knowledge-Pedagogy-Student-Centered—KPSC teaching approach. This approach has made experiential, interesting and challenging learning accessible to in-depth learning. Moreover, it raises the self-efficacy to adopt this approach in the future. Consistent with the positive feelings of the pre-service teachers when using KPSC, the science lessons in the schools may look different and thus increase the potential to motivate people into becoming science teachers. In summary, this approach has enabled the development of a teaching model based on food web. 1) Similar to the open system of the food web, the effect of implementing KPSC does not end with the boundaries of the classroom. Family, friends and spouses are affected by in-depth learning; 2) There is no single central figure in KPSC and the teacher and students make a great contribution to the learning process; 3) Similar to the relationship within and between the trophic levels, there is an extensive relationship between the lecturer and the students and the students themselves; 4) Similar to the biodiversity in the food web, there is a personal development of the students that creates a variety of learners.
Reflexiones sobre la despatriarcalización en Bolivia
Authors: Roncal Vattuone Ximena , Calderón Collazos Cristian
Published: January 2020

En la última década del siglo XXI, el Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia viene desarrollando cambios importantes en la sociedad boliviana con el objetivo de desmontar las estructuras patriarcales a partir de una visión de vida incluyente. En el marco del Vivir Bien, el Estado se reestructura y la despatriarcalización se constituye en uno de los principales retos de este nuevo horizonte económico y social que pretende visibilizar a las mujeres como las protagonistas de esta
alternativa política civilizatoria. En este artículo se hace una revisión y análisis documental de textos oficiales de gobierno: la nueva Constitución Política del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia, el Plan Nacional para la Igualdad de Oportunidades “Mujeres Construyendo la Nueva Bolivia para Vivir Bien”, así como un conjunto de leyes que se orientan a desmantelar el patriarcado.
Se presentan algunas reflexiones sobre los avances y los desafíos pendientes desde un Estado que se resiste a transformar las relaciones de poder que todavía subsumen a las mujeres bolivianas.
O que pode uma curadoria descolonial? [Apresentação do dossiê]
Authors: Friques Manoel Silvestre , Basbaum Ricardo
Published: January 2020

O dossiê temático da Revista Poiésis 35 traz a público uma constelação de artistxs e autorxs que discutem, em entrevistas, textos e ensaios visuais, uma série de questões relacionadas ao exercício e à prática descolonial da arte contemporânea brasileira e global. Parte-se aqui da constatação de que, já há algumas décadas, as exposições de arte têm sido locais para o exercício do pensamento descolonial, por meio de obras e práticas que privilegiam os processos de subjetivação, de simbolização e de representação subalternizados, bem como a performatização de histórias e culturas não-hegemônicas.
Perilaku Menghisap Darah dan Perkiraan Umur Populasi di Alam Nyamuk Potensial Vektor Filariasis di Desa Dadahup, Kabupaten Kapuas, Kalimantan Tengah
Authors: Ridha Muhammad Rasyid , Sembiring Wulan Rasna Giri
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Transmission assessment survey for filariasis was conducted in 2013 at Kapuas and found 17 positive in children which indicates transmission still occurs. This study aimed to determine the behavior and longevity of mosquitoes in nature have potential as filariasis vectors in Dadahup Village, Kapuas District. Mosquitoes were collected by human landing collection and dissecting. The results showed that the density of fluctuations Ma.annulata sucking blood peak at 18.00-19.00 and resting at 19.00-20.00 at outdoor, Ma. uniformist peak at 19.00-20.00 and resting at 22.00-23.00 at indoor, while An.barbirostris peak at 9:00 a.m. to 10:00 p.m. and resting at 3:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. at outdoor. Bloodsucking behavior and rest of Ma.annulata and An.barbirostris are exophilic and exophagic whereas Ma. uniforms is endophilic and endophagic. The estimated age of the population was 22.99 days for Ma.annulata, 16.58 days for Ma.uniformis, and 9.82 days for An.barbirostris. The estimated age showed that the mosquitoes could potentially become filariasis vector. The types of habitat sites found are ponds, puddles, ditches, and rice fields.

Abstrak

Survei evaluasi transmisi filariasis telah dilakukan tahun 2013 di Kabupaten Kapuas dan ditemukan 17 anak positif, hal ini mengindikasikan masih terjadi transmisi penularan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perilaku dan peluang umur nyamuk di alam yang berpotensi sebagai vektor filariasis di Desa Dadahup, Kabupaten Kapuas. Nyamuk dikumpulkan dengan metode umpan orang kemudian dilakukan pembedahan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan puncak kepadatan Ma.annulata menghisap darah pada jam 18.00–19.00 dan istirahat pada jam 19.00-20.00 di luar rumah, Ma. uniformis pada jam 19.00-20.00 dan  istirahat pada jam 22.00-23.00 di dalam rumah, sedangkan An.barbirostris pada jam 21.00-22.00 dan istirahat pada jam 03.00-04.00 di luar rumah. Perilaku menghisap darah dan istirahat Ma.annulata dan An.barbirostris bersifat eksofilik dan eksofagik, sedangkan Ma.uniformis endofilik dan endofagik. Perkiraan umur populasi nyamuk Ma. annulata 22,99 hari, Ma.uniformis 16,58 hari dan An.barbirostris 9,82 hari. Nyamuk Cx. bitaeniorhynchus, Cx. tritaeniorhynchus Cx. quinquefasciatus, Ma. annulata, Ma. uniformis bersifat  eksofagik, sedangkan  Ae. aegypti, Ae. albopictus, dan An. barbirostris lebih bersifat endofagik. Perkiraan umur populasi Cx. bitaeniorhynchus adalah 26,33 hari, Cx. tritaeniorhynchus 30,96 hari dan Cx quinquefasciatus 28,82 hari, sehingga berpotensi sebagai vektor filariasis. Desa Dadahup terdapat jenis nyamuk dengan tipe habitat yang berpotensi sebagai vektor filariasis memungkinkan terjadinya transmisi filariasis.
COMPARISON OF EFFECTIVENESS OF BASIL LEAVES ETHANOL EXTRACT WITH GARLIC ON STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS BACTERIA
Authors: Marcelino Nico , Clara Elisabeth Chindy , Fauhan Kania Indryani , Ramadhana Alfi Syahri , Lister I Nyoman Echrich
Published: January 2020

Writing the results of the study was conducted to assess the effectiveness comparison of the ethanol extract of basil leaves with garlic with a concentration of 5%, 10%, 15% of each extract against the growing power of the Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. Staphylococcus aureus bacteria are gram-positive, cocci-shaped bacteria that live in colonies. These bacteria are normal flora in the human body that can harm humans. This study uses an experimental method with a post-test only design and the sample collection uses purposive sampling. The effectiveness test was carried out using the disk diffusion method, where the paper disc would be moistened with basil leaves ethanol extract of each concentration, is 5%, 10%, 15% and so was the ethanol extract of garlic. The results of the data obtained from this study continued with the Oneway-Anova test which will be continued with the Post-Hoc test, wherein the test there were significant differences from each treatment given. In bacteria treated with ethanol extract 15% basil leaves against Staphylococcus bacteria aureus, the effectiveness of the inhibition zone was found to be 9.2 mm in diameter where the inhibition zone was below the ethanol extract of 15% garlic which was 22.8 mm.

Ethanol extract of 15% garlic has a good antimicrobial effect compared with ethanol extract of basil leaves 15% against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria.
Adaptive Synergetic Controller for Stabilizing the Altitude and Angle of Mini Helicopter
Authors: Ali Zain Anwar , Xinde Li
Published: January 2020

This research proposes ASC (Adaptive Synergetic Controller) for the nonlinear model of MH (Mini Helicopter) to stabilize the desired altitude and angle. The model of MH is highly nonlinear, underactuated and multivariable in nature due to its dynamic uncertainties and restrictions of velocities during the flight. ASC can force the tracking errors of the system states converges to zero in a finite interval of time. The MH system requires smooth controller and fast precise transition response from initial state till the desired state, therefore the parametric calculations and simulations can be done by the proposed ASC algorithm. It is validated that the above simulated results of the proposed controller have a better convergence rate and smoother stability response in order to track the desired altitude and angle when compared with SMC (Sliding Mode Controller). Moreover, it does not need any linearization, transformation and variations in the system model.
Simulation Studies Relating to Rudder Roll Stabilization of a Container Ship Using Neural Networks
Authors: Unar Mukhtiar Ali , Murray-Smith David J , Zardari Shahnila , McGookin Euan W.
Published: January 2020

RRS (Rudder Roll Stabilization) of Ships is a difficult problem because of its associated non-linear dynamics, coupling effects and complex control requirements. This paper proposes a solution of this stabilization problem that is based on an ANN (Artificial Neural Network) controller. The controller has been trained using supervised learning. The simulation studies have been carried out using MATLAB and a non-linear model of a container ship. It has been demonstrated that the proposed controller regulates heading and also controls roll angle very successfully.
Non-Linear Impact of Organizational Structure on Schedule Management for R&D Project Success: An ANN Approach
Authors: Hanif Huma , Ahsan Ali
Published: January 2020

To attain project success in R&D (Research & Development) public sector environment, the aspects of an organizational structure play a vital role in the successful implementation of R&D projects. Nevertheless, not meeting proposed timelines and inadequate management of schedules of R&D projects is the intrinsic hurdle in R&D projects. However, the study gauging the impact of organizational structure on the schedule management of R&D projects has never been discussed before. Therefore, this study aims to gauge the effectiveness of organizational structure and schedule management dimensions upon each other by employing predictive modelling technique i.e. ANN (Artificial Neural Network). This study is based on a quantitative approach and the model followed is non-linear regression. A simple random sampling technique is used to collect data from 285 respondents (in two rounds) from various R&D public sector set-ups. The robustness and homogeneity of data is checked by carrying out F and Ttests. Subsequently, data is pre-processed; ANN model is trained and validated by choosing appropriate tuning parameters and quantitative performance measures like RMSE (Root Mean Square Error) and MAPE (Mean Absolute Percentage Error) are analyzed. The results clearly indicated that formalization, decentralization and authority of managers are strongly correlated; differentiation, specialization, coordination mechanism, departmentalization are positively but weakly correlated with some subconstructs and centralization also constitutes positive but weakly correlated among all. The results also imply that decentralized organizational structures are more preferable than centralized structures for the execution of R&D projects when proposed timelines are to be met timely.
LTE and GPS based Deca Band Printed Antenna for Cellular Mobile Handset Communication Applications
Authors: Mohani Syed Sheraz -ul- Hasan , Raza Kamran
Published: January 2020

This paper presents novel mobile phone antenna for radiations simultaneously in ten frequency bands for applications of LTE (Long-Term Evolution), GPS (Global Positioning System), GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications), PCS (Public and Commercial Services), DCS (Distributed Control System), UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System) and WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access). The antenna demonstrates novel characteristics for resolving the challenge of simultaneous radiation capabilities for the GSM and GPS applications with frequencies of 850/900 and 1575 MHz respectively, along with resonances at frequency band of 700 MHz for LTE applications, 1800 and 1900 MHz for PCS and DCS applications, 2100 MHz for UMTS applications, 2400 and 2500 MHz for LTE applications and 3300 MHz for WiMAX applications with S11 = - 6 dB matching criteria (VSWR 3:1). The antenna architecture comprises top and bottom copper layers embedded with monopole radiating element, branch line, slots and various stub lines. The desired operating bands are achieved in a compact area with overall dimensions of 0.8x60x120 mm for the height, width and length respectively of the antenna providing suitable platform for mobile handset applications. Omni-directional radiation pattern characteristics are achieved throughout the range of frequencies by designing the proposed antenna in monopole configuration. Proposed antenna is fabricated and results for the surface currents, s-parameters and 3D (Three-Dimensional) gain plots are illustrated for the proof of concept.
Subjective Well-Being by Gender
Authors: Joshi Upasna
Published: January 2020

International competition and globalization of business and organizations, rapid technological change and higher customer demands for products and services with increasing emphasis on environmental issues change working life. Under these pressures in order to survive and make a positive result, companies must develop both their organization and people simultaneously with their products and technologies for improving the performance, work ability, commitment and well-being of employees. Therefore study of subjective well-being among male and female employees in IT industry is of paramount importance. Such study may affect the performance and over all well-being of not only employees but also of the organization as a whole. The study is descriptive in nature whereby an attempt is made to compare the level of subjective well-being among male and female employees in IT industry with the help of two questionnaires (Satisfaction with Life Scale and Positive Affectivity and Negative Affectivity Scale) and utilizing the survey technique. Subjective well-being is statistically analyzed by means, standard deviations, and t-ratio. The study shows that gender is not a determinant of subjective well-being, and both males and females perceive subjective well-being or evaluate their lives in a similar way. The level of life satisfaction among male and female IT employees is not comparable and there existed significant gender difference in the level of life satisfaction. The level of positive affectivity and negative affectivity among male and female IT employees was comparable and there exists no significant gender difference in the level of positive affectivity.
Exploring Exports and Economic Growth Causality in Algeria
Authors: Samad Abdus
Published: January 2020

This paper investigates the causality relationship between economic growth, exports and imports in Algeria using Cointegration, Error Correction Model, and VEC Granger causality/Wald Exogeniety tests. The paper finds that economic growth in Algeria is linked to export industries and import is linked to economic growth. In other words, the growth in export sectors Granger causes economic growth which, in turn, promotes the growth of imports in Algeria. The paper suggests policy prescription that the government of Algeria should put emphasis on promoting growth and development of export industries by ensuring increased productivity in such sector.
Infrastructure in India: The Present Status and Its Constraints
Authors: Pradhan Rudra P.
Published: January 2020

Provision of adequate infrastructure, in terms of both quantity and quality, is very essential for the rapid achievement of sustainable economic growth, both by increasing productivity and by providing amenities that enhance the quality of life. The objective of this paper is to investigate the role played by infrastructure, grouped under physical, social and financial, in determining economic development in India over the different time periods. An attempt is also made to find out the existence of intra-regional disparities, in terms of infrastructure, among the states of India. Using Factor analysis and regression analysis, the paper finds that infrastructure plays a significant role in determining the inter-state level of development in India during the past quarter century. The paper at the end discusses various challenges and opportunities for the infrastructure development in India and its link with sustainable economic growth.
Factors Affecting the Consumerâ€™s Decision on Purchasing Power
Authors: Akbar Sher
Published: January 2020

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the determinants of decision making, purchasing motorcycles from studentsâ€™ perspectives of University Sains Malaysia in Penang. The research model used in this study was adapted from â€œModel of Buyer Behaviorâ€. This study shows three factors (product, price, and place) affected the consumerâ€™s decision on buying motorcycles in Penang, Malaysia. The primary data were collected from 415 students of University Sains Malaysia, main campus, and analyzed by using statistical techniques, like Percentage, mean and standard deviation. The result has shown that the mention three factors was significance in studentsâ€™ decision on buying motorcycles. Most respondents have given importance to purchase the cheapest Motorcycles from competitors. The consumers give keen interest in shops distributing only Motorcycles and also respondents have an importance on Personal Relationship with owners/providers.
Leadership Tendencies of Pakistanis: Exploring Similarities and Differences based on Age and Gender
Authors: Mujtaba Bahaudin G. , . Naseem Habib
Published: January 2020

The management styles of people are influenced by their cultural contexts and urgency of completing tasks. For example, it is expected that people will get things done in a speedy manner when their jobs are on the line, but they will still try to minimize the negative impact to their relationships. To explore the leadership tendencies of working adults in the Pakistani workplace, this paper focused on comparing the leadership orientation of 232 respondents based on their age and gender. Pakistanis have a significantly higher score on task orientation. Their relationship orientation score is also on the moderately high range. The high score on both leadership dimensions reflects on their cultural orientation. Practical suggestions for expatriates and implications for future studies are presented.
Effects of Business Embedded & Traditional Training Models on Motivation
Authors: Hasan Syed Akif , . Muhammad Imtiaz Subhani
Published: January 2020

Service industry is now focusing more and more on providing valuable training opportunities to its employees in order to improve the quality of its services and benchmarking them as its competitive advantage. This research has attempted to understand the effects of the Business Embedded Training Model and the Traditional Training Model on employeesâ€™ job motivation. A sample of 80 organizations and 1000 respondents was taken and Group t-Test and Log Linear Logit techniques were used to evaluate that which training model is preferred over the other by the service industry and which training model has more positive effects on employeesâ€™ job motivation. The study revealed that Business Embedded Training Model has more positive effects on employeesâ€™ motivation than the Traditional Training Model.
External Resources and Savings Rate: A Pooled Mean Group Analysis for Developing Countries
Authors: Das Anupam
Published: January 2020

To examine the effect of external resources on savings dynamics, this paper employs the pooled mean group (PMG) technique to a large sample of 65 developing countries over the period of 1970 to 2009. The panel results for all the countries together suggest that approximately 33% of domestic savings are displaced by the inflow of external resources. Similar results are also found when regional panels (SubSaharan Africa, Asia and the Pacific, and Latin America and the Caribbean) are estimated. Additionally, foreign aid is found to have a stronger effect on domestic savings than private financial flows. All types of external flows are insignificant in determining the savings ratio in the Middle East and North Africa. These results have important implications for developing countries, in particular during the period of global recession. Specific attention to these results is necessary in developing countries to ensure a successful mobilization of domestic resources to support existing investment projects and other development programs.
Risk Taking and Start-up Capital: Exploring Gender differences in Uganda, through an International Comparison
Authors: Orobia Laura , . Gerrit Rooks
Published: January 2020

This study sought to explain the gender differences with respect to risk taking behaviour and startup capital in Uganda, comparing with other countries. The start-up capital of businesses run by females is ostensibly smaller than those run by males in Uganda and in any other country. A number of reasons have been forwarded to explain this variance. Some researchers have linked the size of start-up capital to the risk taking behaviour among other factors. However there is insufficient local or Ugandan empirical research into this difference, given that much of the empirical research are based on western data sets. Data for this study was from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) 2003. A causal research design was used to establish the relationship between risk taking attitude and start up capital. A comparative design was also employed to compare the findings of Uganda with other GEM countries, Chi-square tests, and a two way analysis of variances were used to analyse the data. There are gender differences with respect to risk taking behaviour across all countries under study. However, the gender gap is wider in other countries than Uganda. On the whole, Uganda women are less risk averse as compared to those in other countries. The start-up capital requirement of Ugandan men is more than their female counterparts. In addition, Ugandan men invested more personal start up capital when they are risk averse. Among other recommendations, policy makers should sensitise females about viability of business start ups and encourage women access to ownership of property.
Fundamental Modeling Exchange Rate using Genetic Algorithm: A Case Study of European Countries
Authors: Rasekhi Saeed
Published: January 2020

Genetic Algorithms (GAs) are an adaptive heuristic search algorithm premised on the evolutionary ideas of natural selection and genetic. In this study we apply GAs for Fundamental Models of Exchange Rate Determination in exchange rate market. In this framework, we estimated absolute and relative purchasing power parity, Mundell-Fleming, sticky and flexible prices, equilibrium exchange rate and portfolio balance model as fundamental models for European Unionâ€™s Euro against the US Dollar using monthly data from January 1992 to December 2008. Then, we put these models into the genetic algorithm system for measuring their optimal weight for each model. These optimal weights have been measured according to four criteria i.e. R-squared (R2), mean square error (MSE), mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) and root mean square error (RMSE). Based on obtained Results, it seems that for explaining of EU Euro against the US Dollar exchange rate behavior, equilibrium exchange rate and portfolio balance model are better than the other fundamental models.
A Review on Moral Development, Multicultural Experiences and Conflict Handling Styles of Purchasing Professionals
Authors: Ho Yi-Hui
Published: January 2020

Conflicts between the buyers and sellers are often inevitable during the progress of purchasing activities. It is essential to understand the conflict handling styles of purchasing professionals for those who want to build reciprocal buyer-supplier relationships. Nevertheless, only little attention was paid on the study of purchasing professionalsâ€™ conflict handling styles. While ethical purchasing is often considered essential in maintaining the relationships with suppliers, purchasing professionalsâ€™ moral development may influence their conflict handling. Furthermore, because of the growing numbers of global suppliers, purchasing professionals who are often exposed to multicultural occasions are expected to be capable to communicate and negotiate with their suppliers to prevent possible conflicts. There is no research analyzing the association between multicultural experiences, moral development and conflict handling styles of purchasing professionals. Accordingly, based on a review of related literature, this paper attempts to explore the impact of multicultural experiences and moral development on conflict handling styles of purchasing professionals, and provide some research suggestions. The findings of this paper can contribute to the research on conflict handling of purchasing professionals.
Experiments in International Economics
Authors: Nowbutsing Baboo M
Published: January 2020

For many decades, economists have lamented the constraints on performing experiments in economics. However, with the birth of experimental economics this perception has changed. This field has developed considerably over the years. Now results from experiments are taken seriously. The experimental literature evolved in three directions: market experiments, game experiments and individual-decision making experiments. Over the years however, experimental methodology has been applied to more complex environments investigating macroeconomic issues and international economics. This paper provides a review of the experimental economics, its ingredients, its promises and skepticism. Further, we provide a review of the experiments that has been carried out in international economics.
Integration of Resources and Capabilities to Implement CRM: Case of Cooperative Development Bank
Authors: Shahraki Alireza , . Samira khaniki
Published: January 2020

In the past few years, due to various economic, social, and state banking system problems and above all, increasing the demand on supply, country's banks have always ignored customer orientation and its pillars, and have not been able to utilize modern marketing. This complete and comprehensive study, which has been developed chronologically, refers to this fact that although basic resources and capabilities such as information resources, analytical ability and operational capacity may affect on maintenance and protection process of under control properties, they are not sufficient to achieve desired performance in terms of acquisition and development of customers' relationships. In this study, Cooperative Development Bank (CDB) confirms that customer's satisfaction must be considered as a vital prerequisite for both acquisition and development processes of successful relationships for each company (both of them entail employees with relatively more familiarity with customers). Therefore, this paper emphasize on significance of trilateral resources and capabilities including technology, process and individual to implement an organizational CRM strategy successfully.
Cellular Services Packages and their Impact on Social Values of Youth
Authors: Hussain Syed Saad , . Jabran Aziz , . Ahsan Raza Jaffari , . Maira Fatima , . Wasiq Ejaz,  Syed Kamran
Published: January 2020

Youth plays a significant role in building of the nation and in the development of a country. Their adoption, aspiration, and objective lead towards change in social value of a culture. Ongoing study investigates the impact of telecom cellular services packages like late night call & unlimited Short Messaging Service (SMS) on the social values of Pakistani youth. In todayâ€™s competitive environment cellular companies are mainly targeting youth through their advertisements and would like the youth to get indulge in these activities in order to increase their sales but the point is up to what extent youth showing receptiveness and emotional attachment to these packages. Study was conducted in capital city of Pakistan i.e. Islamabad, mainly considering three famous universities; Iqra University, Bahria University & Foundation University with the sample of 250 respondents; convenient sampling technique is used & results are measured using multiple regression test. Major findings concluded that cellular advertisements of unlimited Short Messaging Service (SMS) and late night call packages have a negative impact on youth but youth is still willing to accept these advertisements as they are negatively attached to the advertisement and use of these packages.
Reasons of Tax Avoidance and Tax Evasion: Reflections from Pakistan
Authors: Mughal Muhammad Muazzam
Published: January 2020

Amount of taxes serves as life blood for government. This paper aims to recognize reasons/causes of tax avoidance and evasion in Pakistan. Relationship between variables of reasons/causes of tax avoidance and evasion are also examined. A questionnaire is developed after reviewing literature to collect responses. Data are analyzed using percentages, arithmetic mean, standard deviation, variance, central limit theorem, cumulative normal distribution calculator, factor analysis, and correlation technique. Results indicate that all variables of reasons/causes of tax avoidance and evasion in Pakistan are correct. Furthermore, there exists a highly significant positive relationship between individual variables of reasons/causes of tax avoidance and evasion in Pakistan at 100% significance level.
Assessing the Importance of Brand Equity in Health Services Marketing Through the Impact of Acquired Goodwill on Stockholder Returns
Authors: Heiens Richard A. , . Leanne C. McGrath
Published: January 2020

The growing importance of brand equity is widely recognized by researchers and business strategists alike. As such, creative new ways to capture the value of this intangible asset must be devised and tested. The current study uses acquired goodwill as a surrogate indicator of brand equity and looks at the importance of brand equity for firms in the health services industry by measuring the impact of acquired goodwill on stockholder returns. The findings indicate that acquired goodwill and stockholder returns appear to be significantly and positively related to each other. In addition, firms that have higher than average amounts of goodwill relative to total assets differ significantly in terms of stockholder returns than those that have relatively little investment in goodwill. Finally, the study indicates that the impact of goodwill on investor returns is highest for firms operating in one specific industry sub-sector, the market for home health services.
Zakat Distribution and Growth in the Federal Territory of Malaysia
Authors: Yusoff Mohammed B.
Published: January 2020

This research paper aims to examine the impact of zakat distribution on growth in the Federal Territory Malaysia. Specifically, an econometric study is carried out to examine the ability of zakat expenditure to affect real economic growth in the Federal Territory Malaysia by employing various econometric procedures such as the unit root tests, the cointegration tests, the vector error-correction model (VECM), and the Granger causality tests. The findings of the study suggest that zakat expenditure has a positive relationship with real GDP in the long-run. The Granger causality test indicates that zakat spending causes real economic growth with no feedback. In other words, zakat expenditure could boost GDP in the Federal Territory Malaysia both in the short-run and long-run.
An Appraisal of the National Economic Empowerment and Development Strategy I (NEEDS I) in Nigeria: The Educational Perspective
Authors: Aderemi Taiwo
Published: January 2020

This paper set out to assess the performance of the National Economic Empowerment and Development Strategy (NEEDS I) in Nigeria in relation to its educational goals. These goals include; increasing enrolment in primary and secondary schools, improving the quality of education, and increasing funding to this critical sector. Several economic reform programmes in Nigeria have been abandoned not because they had no accomplishments, but largely as a result of paucity of studies assessing them. No paper in the Nigerian literature has appraised the NEEDS I vis-Ã -vis its stated educational objectives. This paper therefore fills this void. In realizing the objective of this study, I adopted the before and after approach, which involves comparing educational performance indicators before the initiation of the NEEDSI and during the programme. The findings revealed improved performance of educational indicators such as female enrolment in primary schools, adult literacy rate, primary school completion rate, and Senior Secondary School Certificate Examinations during the NEEDS programme, although achievements were modest. Budgetary allocation to the sector as a proportion of total budget was below 10 per cent and less than the 25 per cent UNESCO recommendation. Funding to this sector should be increased and monitored in order to achieve sustainable improvements in educational outcomes. Completion rate in secondary school was also low. This paper therefore suggests the extension of the universal basic education scheme to the senior secondary level to reduce drop-out rates.
Intercultural Communication and Work Integrated Learning: A South African Perspective
Authors: Ramlutchman Nisha
Published: January 2020

Over the past decade, higher education institutions in South Africa have begun the shift towards a more structured work integrated learning framework, merging an academic component with specific industry requirements. Stemming from an ethnically diverse South African society, the South African corporate sector is made up of a group of varied individuals who bring with them specific cultural dynamics to the working environment. This paper investigates the intercultural communication sensitivity of students during their work integrated learning training, resulting in a discussion on the value for integrating intercultural education at a tertiary curricula level. The study is located at the Durban University of Technology. The study was quantitative and descriptive in nature. A total of 189 questionnaires were completed and returned by students who completed their work integrated learning (WIL) training during 2010. The intercultural sensitivity scale developed by Chen and Starosta was used in the questionnaire to measure the intercultural sensitivity level of these students during their WIL training. The results showed that the students were comfortable engaging with different cultural groups during their WIL training, students also attached a high value to the respect for cultural differences and they found the experience of interacting with people from different cultures uplifting