bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic Value of the Mini-Cog Test in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure 65 Years and Older
Authors: Izyumov A. D. , Mkhitaryan E. A. , Eruslanova K. A. , Kotovskaya Yu. V. , Tkacheva O. N.
Published: July 2024

Currently, the number of patients with heart failure (HF) and cognitive impairment (CI) is growing. In this regard, it is necessary to screen for CI in patients with HF. The Mini-Сog test is one of the screening tests, but more research is needed to examine the feasibility of using it on a cohort of cardiac patients.

Aim of the study. The aim of the study is to assess the sensitivity and specificity of the Mini-Сog test in identifying patients with CI among patients aged 65 and over with HF.

Materials and methods. From March 2021 to March 2023, 149 people aged 65 and older with chronic heart failure

(CHF) were selected from a separate structural unit of the Russian Gerontology Research and Clinical Center of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University. Cognitive status was assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale and the Mini-Mental State Examination. All patients underwent the Mini-cog testing. Statistical analysis was performed using ROC analysis.

Results and conclusions. The prevalence of cognitive impairment among patients with CHF aged 65 or older, according to our study, is 67.8%. A cutoff value of 2 points or less points on the Mini-Cog test (AUC 0.856; CI 95% 0.7750.936, p < 0.001) indicates the presence of severe cognitive impairment with a sensitivity of 61.5% and a specificity of 92.1%. A score of 3 points or lower (AUC 0.828; CI 95% 0.762-0.894, p < 0.001) indicates mild cognitive impairment (MCI) with a sensitivity of 55.4% and a specificity of 93.7%, and dementia with a sensitivity of 80.8% and a specificity of 69.1%.
Revitalizing TESOL in Indonesian higher education: Addressing challenges and solutions for Gen Z students
Authors: Afna Mauloeddin
Published: July 2024

This study investigated the challenges and solutions in revitalizing language education in the context of Indonesian higher education, with a specific focus on the English Education Department of Tarbiyah dan Teacher Training Faculty of IAIN Langsa, Kota Langsa, Aceh, Indonesia. The study identified the unique needs and preferences of Gen Z students in their English language education journey. By examining their attitudes, motivations, and learning styles, the study overviewed to shed light on the challenges faced by educators in meeting the language learning needs of the students. Additionally, the study explored the innovative teaching methodologies, instructional technologies, ICT-applied for classroom and learner-centered approaches that effectively engage the students. The findings contribute to the development of strategies and recommendations for revitalizing language education in Indonesian higher education, emphasizing the importance of aligning language education programs with the distinctive needs and expectations of the students. Overall, the research outcomes have implications for language educators, policymakers, and institutions involved in language education, aiming to advance language education practices that promote students' language proficiency and better educational experience in Indonesian higher education settings.
Experience the Prisoner's Dilemma: a game-based learning tool
Authors: Lorente Pablo José , Pereda María
Published: July 2024

New times require higher education to adapt and seek new ways of teaching and transmitting knowledge. The study of human cooperation is a scientific field that continues to intrigue scientists from many disciplines, including scientists working in Operations Research. Game theory is then a discipline that appears as part of the curriculum of engineering degrees. This paper introduces a tool designed for studying and teaching the Iterated Prisoner's Dilemma game, allowing students to learn through hands-on gameplay. This tool not only presents a simulator, but also allows the student to participate in a behavioural economics experiment as if they were taking part in reality. Together with the tool we present a set of experiments that can be used in the class to show different phenomena and cooperation outcomes as a function of the population strategies during the game. The tool is available for download online at the link that accompanies this paper.
Evaluación del Bienestar Psicológico de Estudiantes Universitarios de Psicología
Authors: Orejarena Silva Héctor Andrés , Tapias Porras Miguel Angel , Calderón Rondón Shirley Lizeth , Sánchez Bermúdez Yessica Ariani , Salcedo Domínguez Rita Lucía
Published: July 2024

El propósito de esta investigación, es evaluar el bienestar psicológico (BP) de estudiantes universitarios de Psicología. Para su desarrollo, se utiliza un enfoque cuantitativo, con alcance descriptivo, de tipo no experimental y transversal. La muestra estuvo conformada por 171 participantes, de los cuales 35 fueron hombres y 136 mujeres. Como instrumento de medición, se usó la escala de bienestar psicológico de Ryff, adaptación española de Díaz et al (2006), validada para Colombia por Pineda Roa et al. (2017) la cual consta de 29 ítems. Como resultados, la muestra obtuvo un promedio de 4,9 que indica un alto nivel general de bienestar psicológico. También, se evidenció de forma progresiva un mayor nivel conforme amentaba la edad, encontrando en la adultez joven un promedio de 4,7, la adultez temprana 4,9 y en la adultez media 5,2. Finalmente, a pesar de que no hubo diferencias significativas entre géneros, se logró apreciar un puntaje ligeramente más alto en el masculino (5,06) con respecto al femenino (4,86).
Scoping Review de la Gestión del Cuidado en Relación con la Lactancia Materna Eficaz en Mujeres Adolescentes Empleando Diversas Teorías de Enfermería
Authors: Pacheco Ortiz Mayra Alexandra , Stella Martínez Carmen , Solarte Cuaspud Mabel Cristina , Brito Espárragosa Lorena Isolina , César Alfonzo
Published: July 2024

La lactancia materna es crucial para la salud y supervivencia infantil, pero menos de la mitad de los lactantes reciben leche materna exclusiva. La desnutrición crónica infantil, requiere promover la lactancia materna en las madres adolescentes, ya que, particularmente enfrentan barreras significativas debido a la falta de información adecuada. El objetivo de esta investigación es explorar la gestión del cuidado en relación con la lactancia materna eficaz en mujeres adolescentes empleando diversas teorías de enfermería. Para ello, se realizó una scoping review para explorar la literatura sobre lactancia materna en adolescentes, se utilizaron métodos de búsqueda avanzada a través de los principales descriptores MESH Y DECS. Se establecieron criterios de inclusión y exclusión para la selección de artículos relevantes que responden a la pregunta de investigación. La evidencia muestra que factores como el nivel educativo, apoyo familiar y social, así como intervenciones educativas y programas específicos como IAMI, son determinantes clave para promover la lactancia materna entre adolescentes. Estas estrategias no solo mejoran el conocimiento y la autoeficacia materna, sino que también fortalecen el vínculo madre-hijo destacando la importancia de abordajes teorías de enfermería para apoyar eficazmente a las madres adolescentes en esta práctica. Concluyendo que la efectividad de las intervenciones educativas, como charlas y talleres no solo incrementan la comprensión de los beneficios de la lactancia materna, sino que también promueven la práctica de la lactancia exclusiva, en madres adolescentes y crucial para el desarrollo óptimo de los bebés.
КУЛЬТУРНО-ЦИВІЛІЗАЦІЙНИЙ АНАЛІЗ ЕТНІЧНИХ КАРТИН СВІТУ ПОЛЯКІВ І УКРАЇНЦІВ: АНТРОПОЦЕНТРИЧНІ МЕТОДОЛОГІЧНІ ПІДСТАВИ / CULTURAL AND CIVILISATIONAL ANALYSIS OF ETHNIC WORLDVIEWS OF POLES AND UKRAINIANS: ANTHROPOCENTRIC METHODOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS
Authors: Leshchak Oleg ,   Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce, Stefański Ryszard
Published: July 2024

У статті представлено методологічні засади порівняльно-контрастивного дослідження етнічних картин світу, зокрема викладені основи антропоцентричного розуміння суспільної картини світу як генетичної та прагматичної функції досвіду конкреної людини. Виходячи з такого розуміння, окреслено поняття етнічної та культурно-цивілізаційної картин світу. Увага авторів зосереджена на культурно-цивілізаційній оцінці етнічних картин світу поляків та українців. Коротко представлена функційно-прагматична типологія культурно-цивілізаційних моделей організації суспілства з виділенням цінностей і засад, властивих для кожної моделі. У статті схематично представлено застосування вказаної типології до оцінки етнічної картини світу поляків і українців.
ТОМАШ ПАДУРА: ТРАГІЗМ ПОЕТА-ЛІРИКА / TOMASZ PADURA: TRAGEDY OF THE LYRIC POET
Authors: Radyshevsky Rostyslav ,   National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: July 2024

У запропонованій статті зазначено, що доба польського романтизму з точки зору пошуків та напрямків діяльності творчих угруповань – період яскравий і барвистий, багатовимірний і неоднорідний. Важливим явищем того періоду в рамках польської романтичної літератури стала «українська школа», яка мала потужний вплив на поступ всієї польської літератури першої половини ХІХ ст. Констатовано, що однією з найбільш яскравих постатей «української школи» польської літератури доби романтизму був Томаш Падура – талановитий поет, лірник, який зробив безцінний та одночасно неоціненний внесок як у польську, так і в українську культуру, літературу та музику і, черпаючи натхнення із фольклору та історичних козацьких дум Поділля, Волині та Київщини. Метою запропонованої розвідки є спроба дослідження художньої еволюції української тематики в поетичній творчості Т. Падури. Завдання роботи визначені спробою обумовити причини посилення настроїв трагізму та песимізму в процесі художньої еволюції поетичної творчості Т. Падури. У статті проаналізовано ідейно-художній світогляд,засвідчений в поезіях Т. Падури, його ідеалізація героїчного історичного минулого України, його утопічно-романтичні національно-патріотичні переконання та сподівання У статті зазначається, що ілюзорність власних світоглядно-політичних поглядів та патріотичних сподівань з часм почав усвідомлювати й сам Т. Падура. Відтак, у його поезії посилюються нотки трагізму і песимізму, особливо після поразки повстання 1830–1831 років, яка поступово зумовила майже повну втрату інтересу з боку Т. Падури до громадських справ.
Synthesis and Characterization of Core-Shell NiO@Al2O3 with High Ni/Al Ratio and High Calcination Temperature
Authors: Sophiana Intan Clarissa , Hidayatullah Ibnu Maulana , Riyadi Fatimah Azizah
Published: July 2024

Nanomaterials have made significant advancements in various applications, particularly in the field of catalysis. The limited lifespan of nickel-based catalysts due to sintering at high temperatures has presented a challenge that requires innovative solutions. This research focuses on the synthesis and characterization of core-shell materials designed to protect nickel from sintering occurring at temperatures around 600°C. NiO@Al2O3 samples were synthesized using the chemical reduction method and aluminum isopropoxide hydrolysis, with variations in the nickel-to-alumina ratio during calcination at 800°C. The samples were characterized using XRD and N2 adsorption-desorption to assess crystallinity, crystallite size, surface area, pore diameter, and pore volume. The results demonstrate the successful formation of NiO encapsulated within alumina (NiO@Al2O3), minimizing nickel agglomeration and aggregation, as indicated by the conducted characterizations. These findings enable the development of catalysts with high stability and extended lifespans for various high-temperature nickel-based catalytic reactions.
Strategic Integration and Configuration of Distributed Generators Units in Distribution Networks: An Overview
Authors: M. Suwi Owdean , J. Jus Jackson
Published: July 2024

The distribution system has been paying more and more attention to distributed generation (DGUs) since a few years ago. The main causes of (DGUs) in distribution systems are increased electric demand, a deregulated energy market, and a congested transmission network. These factors ultimately lead to a decline in system performance. There's also an increasing push to cut greenhouse gas emissions. Proper placement and dimensioning are crucial for efficient utilization of DGUs. The system's current performance will be deteriorated and losses would increase due to improper DGUs location and size. However, optimal placement will reduce power loss, increase voltage stability, and maintain a consistent voltage profile in the distribution system. This paper reviews DGUs, the technical developments in DGUs, and several optimisation methods for the optimal placement problem. and size.
PENYULUHAN PROGRAM BALANCE WALK SEBAGAI UPAYA PENINGKATAN KESEIMBANGAN TUBUH LANSIA DI PANTI USIA LANJUT AISYIYAH SURAKARTA
Authors: Komalasari Dwi Rosella , Afifatuzzahra Sabina , Khotimah Annisa Khusnul , Jannah Hanabila Rawdhatul , Putri Nafisa Destriana , Kurniasari Fitri
Published: July 2024

Keseimbangan adalah salah satu aspek kritis dalam kehidupan sehari-hari manusia yang mencakup kemampuan tubuh untuk mempertahankan pusat gravitasi dan equilibrium baik secara statis atau dinamis saat ditempatkan dalam berbagai posisi (Swandari et al, 2016). Penurunan keseimbangan pada lansia terjadi karena faktor usia, kelemahan otot ekstremitas bawah, nyeri atau kekakuan pada sendi dan yang lainnya. Pengaplikasian balance walk exercise menjadi salah satu alternatif latihan yang dapat digunakan guna peningkatan keseimbangan pada lansia. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan agar lansia di Panti Usia Lanjut Aisyiyah Surakarta mengetahui beberapa aspek penting terkait balance walk, termasuk faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi keseimbangan, teknik dan latihan untuk meningkatkan keseimbangan, aplikasi klinis dan praktis, serta implikasi balance walk. Penggunaan media edukasi berupa poster yang didalamnya terdapat gambar serta tata cara melakukan balance walk exercise serta simulasi gerakan latihan akan lebih mempermudah lansia untuk memahami apa yang kami sampaikan. Metode yang digunakan dengan melakukan pre test dan post test pemeriksaan keseimbangan, yaitu Time Up and Go Test. Setelah terlaksananya kegiatan penyuluhan dan simulasi balance walk exercise didapatkan hasil yang baik, dilihat dari hasil selisih pre test dan post test pemeriksaan keseimbangan dan juga respon serta antusia dari lansia saat mengikuti kegiatan ini. Pengaplikasian program latihan ini dapat digunakan sebagai program jangka panjang di panti usia lanjut aisyiyah surakarta sehingga selaras dengan tujuan utama dari program kegiatan ini.
The Brazilian cinematograph in Dresden
Authors: da Silva Ingrid Hannah , Suppia Alfredo
Published: July 2024

Organized by the German pharmacist and businessman Karl August Lingner, the International Hygiene Exhibition in Dresden took place between May and October 1911. The Exhibition included 13 scientific pavilions built by different countries. The Brazilian pavilion, the sole representative of the Americas, was reportedly quite successful. It introduced European audiences to achievements in unprecedented campaigns to combat yellow fever and Chagas disease. Likewise, the Brazilian pavilion displayed the work of research institutions created between the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries that gradually reduced the human and social underdevelopment inherited from a colonial past. Each day in the Brazilian pavilion, four scientific films were screened in a packed theater.
Yellow Fever
(1911),
Chagas in Lassance
(1909–10),
Vacinogenic Institute of São Paulo
(1910), and
Butantan Institute
(1910) synthesized the complexity of a country as large as a continent, a country with enough social inequality to cause perplexity. However, the films screened in the Brazilian pavilion evoked the promise of science overcoming misery. This article aims to explore the boundaries between scientific cinema and popular science, documentary, and sf in two of the Brazilian films screened at the Exhibition in Dresden.
Variations in the Radius Distribution of Single- and Compact Multiple-transiting Planets
Authors: Liberles Benjamin T. , Dittmann Jason A. , Elardo Stephen M. , Ballard Sarah
Published: July 2024

Previous work has established the enhanced occurrence of compact systems of multiple small exoplanets around metal-poor stars. Understanding the origin of this effect in the planet formation process is a topic of ongoing research. Here we consider the radii of planets residing in systems of multiple transiting planets, compared to those residing in single-transiting systems, with a particular focus on late-type host stars. We investigate whether the two radius distributions are consistent with being drawn from the same underlying planetary population. We construct a planetary sample of 290 planets around late K and M dwarfs containing 149 planets from single-transiting planetary systems and 141 planets from multi-transiting compact multiple planetary systems (54 compact multiples). We performed a two-sample Kolmogorov–Smirnov test, Mann–Whitney U test, and Anderson–Darling k-sampling test on the radius distributions of our two samples. We find statistical evidence (p < 0.0026) that planets in compact multiple systems are larger, on average, than their single-transiting counterparts for planets with R

p
< 6 R
⊕. We determine that the offset cannot be explained by detection bias. We investigate whether this effect could be explained via more efficient outgassing of a secondary atmosphere in compact multiple systems due to the stress and strain forces of interplanetary tides on planetary interiors. We find that this effect is insufficient to explain our observations without significant enrichment in H2O compared to Earth-like bulk composition.
Why Observations at Mid-infrared Wavelengths Partially Mitigate M Dwarf Star Host Stellar Activity Contamination in Exoplanet Transmission Spectroscopy
Authors: Seager Sara , Shapiro Alexander I.
Published: July 2024

Exoplanet atmosphere transmission spectroscopy for planets orbiting M dwarf stars faces significant challenges due to contamination from stellar magnetic features, i.e., spots and faculae. These features make the stellar surface inhomogeneous and introduce wavelength-dependent signals in the transmission spectrum that complicate its analysis. We identify and explain why using observations at infrared wavelengths greater than a few microns partially mitigates stellar contamination. At these wavelengths the intensity sensitivity to temperature weakens, with two significant consequences. First, the contribution of spots and faculae has a diminished effect because their flux contrast to the quiet-star regions lessens. Second, the star’s spectral features compress in magnitude, an outcome of spectral features being shaped by the star’s photospheric vertical temperature gradient. Both factors are due to the Planck function moving from exponential to linear in temperature toward mid-infrared (mid-IR) wavelengths (the “Rayleigh–Jeans tail”). In contrast to stellar spectra, the depth of the transmission spectroscopy features does not fundamentally vary with wavelength as it is primarily determined by the planet’s atmospheric scale height. The magnitude of reduction in stellar contamination is a factor of a few to several at mid-IR versus near-IR wavelengths, but whether or not this is enough to bypass stellar contamination ultimately depends on the spot coverage area. Nonetheless, the flattening of thermal emission spectral features at IR wavelengths is universal.
Can the Symmetric Fermi and eROSITA Bubbles Be Produced by Tilted Jets?
Authors: Tseng Po-Hsun , Yang H.-Y. Karen , Chen Chun-Yen , Schive Hsi-Yu , Chiueh Tzihong
Published: July 2024

The Fermi Gamma-Ray Space Telescope reveals two large bubbles in the Galaxy, extending nearly symmetrically ∼50° above and below the Galactic center (GC). Previous simulations of bubble formation invoking active galactic nucleus (AGN) jets have assumed that the jets are vertical to the Galactic disk; however, in general, the jet orientation does not necessarily correlate with the rotational axis of the Galactic disk. Using three-dimensional special relativistic hydrodynamic simulations including cosmic rays (CRs) and thermal gas, we show that the dense clumpy gas within the Galactic disk disrupts jet collimation (“failed jets” hereafter), which causes the failed jets to form hot bubbles. Subsequent buoyancy in the stratified atmosphere renders them vertical to form the symmetric Fermi and eROSITA bubbles (collectively, Galactic bubbles). We find that (1) despite the relativistic jets emanating from the GC at various angles ≤45° with respect to the rotational axis of the Galaxy, the Galactic bubbles nonetheless appear aligned with the axis; (2) the edge of the eROSITA bubbles corresponds to a forward shock driven by the hot bubbles; (3) followed by the forward shock is a tangling contact discontinuity corresponding to the edge of the Fermi bubbles; (4) assuming a leptonic model we find that the observed gamma-ray bubbles and microwave haze can be reproduced with a best-fit CR power-law spectral index of 2.4; The agreements between the simulated and the observed multiwavelength features suggest that forming the Galactic bubbles by oblique AGN failed jets is a plausible scenario.
Multiwavelength Modeling for the Shallow Decay Phase of Gamma-Ray Burst Afterglows
Authors: Asano Katsuaki
Published: July 2024

We simulate the emission in the shallow decay phase of gamma-ray burst afterglows using a time-dependent code. We test four models: the energy injection model, evolving the injection efficiency of nonthermal electrons, evolving the amplification of the magnetic field, and the wind model with a relatively low bulk Lorentz factor. All of the four models can reproduce the typical X-ray afterglow lightcurve. The spectral shape depends on not only the parameter values at the time corresponding to the observer time but also the past evolution of the parameters. The model differences appear in the evolution of the broadband spectrum, especially in the inverse Compton component. Future gamma-ray observations with imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes such as the Cherenkov Telescope Array will reveal the mechanism of the shallow decay phase.
Additional Doppler Monitoring Corroborates HAT-P-11c as a Planet
Authors: Yee Samuel W. , Petigura Erik A. , Isaacson Howard , Howard Andrew W. , Blunt Sarah , Dalba Paul A. , Dai Fei , Fulton Benjamin J. , Giacalone Steven , Kane Stephen R. , Kosiarek Molly , Močnik Teo , Rice Malena , Rubenzahl Ryan , Saunders Nicholas , Tyler Dakotah , Weiss Lauren M. , Zhang Jingwen
Published: July 2024

In 2010, Bakos and collaborators discovered a Neptune-sized planet transiting the K-dwarf HAT-P-11 every five days. Later in 2018, Yee and collaborators reported an additional Jovian-mass companion on a nine year orbit based on a decade of Doppler monitoring. The eccentric outer giant HAT-P-11c may be responsible for the peculiar polar orbit of the inner planet HAT-P-11b. However, Basilicata et al. recently suggested that the HAT-P-11c Doppler signal could be caused by stellar activity. In this research note, we extend the Yee et al. Doppler time series by six years. The combined data set spanning 17 yr covers nearly two orbits of the outer planet. Importantly, we observe two periastron passages of planet c and do not observe a coherent activity signature. Together with the previously reported astrometric acceleration of HAT-P-11 from Hipparcos and Gaia, we believe there is strong evidence for HAT-P-11c as a bona fide planet.
Effects of earthworm invasion on soil properties and plant diversity after two years of field experiment
Authors: Thouvenot Lise , Ferlian Olga , Horn Lotte , Jochum Malte , Eisenhauer Nico
Published: July 2024

Although belowground invasive species are probably equally widespread and as important as their aboveground counterparts, they remain understudied, and their impacts are likely to be stronger when these invaders act as ecosystem engineers and differ functionally from native species. This is the case in regions historically devoid of native earthworms, such as parts of northern North America, which are now experiencing an invasion by European earthworms. Although invasive earthworms have been reported to have multiple consequences for native communities and ecosystem functioning, this knowledge is mostly based on observational studies, and the mechanisms underlying their cascading impacts need to be investigated. Here, we thus investigated the sequence of events, i.e., ecological cascades following earthworm invasion, that have rarely been studied before, in a two-year field experiment. We expected that the changes in soil abiotic properties observed following invasion would coincide with changes in plant community diversity and community trait composition, as well as in alterations in above- and belowground ecosystem functions. To test these hypotheses, we set up a field experiment that ran for two years in a forest in Alberta (Canada) to investigate soil properties and understory plant community composition in response to invasive earthworms.

Our study shows that invasive European earthworms alter several soil abiotic properties (i.e., soil nutrient content, and pH) after two years of experiment. Invasive earthworm effects varied with soil depth for some soil properties (i.e., soil pH, water-stable aggregates, nitrogen, and microbial basal respiration), but we did not find any significant earthworm effect on soil water content, bulk density, or the total soil microbial biomass independently of the soil layer. Moreover, invasive earthworms did not affect plant community composition and only slightly affected community diversity in this short-term experiment. The minor changes observed in plant functional group composition are thus potentially the first signs of invasive-earthworm effects on plant communities.

Our research provides experimental evidence that previously reported observational effects of invasive earthworms on soil properties are indeed causal and already significant after two years of invasion. These changes in soil properties are likely to have cascading effects on plant community composition, functional diversity, and ecosystem functioning, but such effects may take longer than two years to materialize.
Evidence of short-term response of rocky cliffs vegetation after removal of invasive alien Carpobrotus spp.
Authors: Misuri Alice , Siccardi Eugenia , Mugnai Michele , Benesperi Renato , Giannini Francesca , Giunti Michele , Lazzaro Lorenzo
Published: July 2024

Invasive alien plant species are among the major drivers of change in natural ecosystems; therefore, their eradication or control is a common and effective conservation tool to reverse biodiversity loss. The LIFE LETSGO GIGLIO project was implemented with the objective of controlling the invasion of Carpobrotus spp., among the most threatening invasive alien species in Mediterranean ecosystems, on the Island of Giglio (Tuscan Archipelago, Italy). The management of Carpobrotus spp. was conducted across an area of approximately 33,000 m2 of coastal habitats. The main intervention was conducted during the winter of 2021–2022, primarily through manual removal, with a limited use of mulching sheets. Subsequent years saw the continued removal of seedlings.

We monitored the habitats of vegetated sea cliffs and coastal garrigues (both protected under Directive 92/43/EEC), as these were the two habitats most affected by the control actions. A total of 24 permanent plots were sampled annually from 2020 to 2023 in a Before-After-Control-Impact (BACI) design. We analysed the variation pre- and post-removal of Carpobrotus spp. cover and litter and of native plant cover and diversity, as well as the changes in the composition of native plant communities.

Our results show that already two years after the main intervention of removal, thus in the short term, the community’s composition shifted considerably towards the pre-invasion set of species. This recovery was also evident in terms of diversity indices, although the impact of Carpobrotus spp. on ecological parameters (mainly soil) favoured nitrophilous species. Furthermore, we highlight the need for yearly removal of Carpobrotus spp. seedlings for the next 5–10 years, in order to continue promoting the recovery of native communities.
Modalidades bivalentes e modalidades polivalentes:
Authors: Bezerra Edson
Published: July 2024

A conexão entre lógicas multivaloradas e lógicas modais é antiga. As investigações pioneiras de Łukasiewicz em 1920 acerca de futuros contingentes por meio de lógicas multivaloradas foram tentativas de caracterizar modalidades por meio de valores de verdade.  Embora lógicas modais e as multivaloradas constituam campos autônomos de investigação, suas interações são muito prolíficas. Neste artigo, investigamos lógicas modais trivaloradas baseadas nas lógicas trivaloradas LP, K3, TS e ST. Mais especificamente, discutimos duas possíveis maneiras de interpretar sentenças modais: (i) sentenças modais ◻A e ◇A podem receber somente verdadeiro ou falso; e (ii) sentenças modais também podem receber valores intermediários. Argumentamos que ambas caracterizações possuem virtudes e problemas. No caso (i), argumentamos que elas validam princípios modais que contrariam suas próprias inferências a nível proposicional. Já no caso (ii), argumentamos que sua proximidade com a lógica clássica impõe certas dificuldades em algumas aplicações dessas lógicas.
Logical pluralism and linguistic relativism:
Authors: Santos Jorge Alejandro , Massolo Alba , Durante Santiago
Published: July 2024

This paper aims to connect two debates about the relation among language, reasoning and thought that belong to different theoretical and disciplinary fields, but that are closely linked. On the one hand, the philosophical debate about logical pluralism. And, on the other hand, the linguistic debate around the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis. We propose a hypothesis compatible with a version of logical pluralism and linguistic relativism that makes it possible to explain the differences between thoughts expressed in different languages. This hypothesis, at the same time, supports the possibility of understanding and even translating different logical and linguistic variants. From a position akin to logical expressivism, we claim that there exists a proto-logic underlying all natural languages. The minimal logical operators proper of this proto-logic can be made explicit in a precise way in different formal systems. This gives rise to logical pluralism. We also offered an empirically informed philosophical argument in favor of this hypothesis.
El argumento del designio en la obra de David Hume y su relación con los Diálogos sobre religión natural
Authors: Pelegrín Laura Alejandra
Published: July 2024

El argumento del designio utilizado para demostrar la existencia de Dios es uno de los argumentos a los que David Hume ha dedicado mayor atención. Por una parte, este razonamiento analógico parte de evidencia observacional. Por esa razón, podría considerarse como un tipo de argumento particularmente atractivo para un filósofo empirista. De hecho, Hume utiliza este argumento a posteriori en varias de sus obras. Por otra parte, la posición de Hume sobre este tipo de razonamientos no es del todo clara. El filósofo defiende este argumento en varias ocasiones y lo critica en otras. Este trabajo se propone investigar el análisis de Hume del argumento del designio. Especialmente, evidenciaremos las peculiaridades de los señalamientos del filósofo en los Diálogos sobre religión natural. Analizaremos la significatividad de la posición de Hume en los Diálogos en lo que respecta a la llamada “conversión de Filón”. Exhibiremos que “la conversión de Filón” al final de la obra podría representar el alcance positivo que Hume atribuye a este tipo de argumentos en su filosofía teorética.
Entre o normativo e o imanente:
Authors: Camati Odair
Published: July 2024

O presente artigo se propõe a verificar se é possível derivar uma teoria da justiça no pensamento de Axel Honneth. Para isso a pergunta que norteia o texto é: como fundamentar normativa e socialmente uma teoria da justiça no pensamento de Axel Honneth? A tese a ser defendida é que é possível derivar uma teoria da experiência da injustiça no pensamento de Honneth, pois seu desenvolvimento teórico nos permite identificar experiências de não reconhecimento que levam ao desenvolvimento de lutas sociais. Para tanto, pretendemos mostrar como existe uma insuficiência normativa na teoria do filósofo aqui analisado. Para dar conta desse objetivo nos propomos a seguir o seguinte caminho: iniciaremos fazendo uma breve retomada do percurso argumentativo de Honneth, em seguida vamos analisar os encaminhamentos normativos propostos pelo filósofo, para no terceiro momento pensar sobre a justiça como uma grandeza relacional, nesse momento trazendo a teoria de Rainer Forst para a discussão. No quarto momento nos propomos a pensar qual o papel do direito no pensamento honnethiano. Finalizaremos com a apresentação das nossas considerações finais propondo que Honneth desenvolve uma teoria das experiências de injustiça.
Fundamentals of Quantum Computation and Basic Quantum Gates
Authors: Mummadi Swathi , Rudra Bhawana
Published: July 2024

Quantum computing plays a major role in modern computation. It can perform operations exponentially faster when compared to classical computation. It has applications in various areas like secure communication, drug design, artificial intelligence, cyber security, etc. Thus, the researchers and students are showing interest to perform experiments in quantum computing to design novel architectures. But to learn/understand quantum computing, one should have strong knowledge of its basics. Because quantum computing performs operations at the atomic level, so the learners need to understand basic concepts like Qubits, superposition, quantum gates, etc. This chapter gives a clear idea about the basic concepts of quantum computing like Qubits, superposition, entanglement, and quantum gates.
Quantum Entanglement
Authors: Naikoo Javid
Published: July 2024

The aim of this chapter is to introduce the reader to various aspects of quantum entanglement. A detailed summary of the jargon of important mathematical notions, and concepts used in entanglement theory is provided. Various methods of entanglement generation are discussed followed by an introduction to the methods of detection and quantification of quantum entanglement in terms of various witnesses and measures. A brief account of some well-known applications of quantum entanglement is presented. Finally, a set of problems with solutions is provided, illustrating various important concepts discussed in the chapter.
The Potential of Quantum Cryptography in Securing Future Communication Channels
Authors: Sihare Shyam R.
Published: July 2024

This chapter discusses the significance of quantum cryptography in securing communication channels for the future. It highlights the challenges posed by quantum computing to traditional cryptographic systems and the potential solutions offered by quantum-resistant protocols. The chapter emphasizes the transition from classical to quantum-resistant cryptography, highlighting hybrid cryptosystems, algorithm agility, and standards development. It discusses the vulnerability of classical cryptographic systems to quantum algorithms, such as Shor's and Grover's algorithms. It also explains the concept of hybrid cryptosystems, which combine classical algorithms with post-quantum key exchange protocols.
Quantum Program
Authors: Sengupta Amlan , Bhattacharjee Debotosh
Published: July 2024

The rapid evolution of quantum theory and technology has improved a lot in diverse fields. Quantum computing develops quantum-mechanical effects to execute a computation efficiently, and its benefits reduce both the execution duration and energy consumption compared to conventional computing. Recently, Google declared that quantum supremacy reached a maximum reach, and the quantum computer can effectuate an intractable calculation on a supercomputer. The different quantum algorithms implemented in quantum computers enhance efficiency and speed up the process with classical algorithms. The quantum software Qiskit is used to write quantum computing codes with different stages including building and execution stages. The single Qubit gates controlled two-bit gates and multi-controlled gates help identify the rotations of different dimensions of the plans. The three phenomena of quantum computing will be explained in detail on superposition, quantum measurement, and entanglement to evaluate its functioning.
QKD Protocol for Securing the Communication With Real-Life Application Scenarios
Authors: Al-Mohammed Hasan Abbas , Yaacoub Elias , Abualsaud Khalid
Published: July 2024

QKD is a technique for sharing a secret key between two parties by utilizing quantum mechanics. Two well-known protocols that contributed to securing the communication are BB84 and E91. This chapter discussed the principle of quantum security and cryptography and emphasizes the recent developments and potential applications of new and emerging applications of these techniques in security in current applications or the future; moreover, different scenarios for using QKD lengths such as seeds for generating keys to encryptions messages, using QKD as key for DES or AES algorithms, also, using QKD in real-life scenarios such as healthcare in personal area networks for protecting the privacy of the patients' data, or railway monitoring scenarios to encrypt the collected data generated by the sensors are discussed.
The Impact of Key Lengths on QKD Security
Authors: Al-Mohammed Hasan Abbas , Al-Ali Afnan S. , Yaacoub Elias , Abualsaud Khalid
Published: July 2024

Charles Bennett and Gilles Brassard, in 1984, proposed the first QKD protocol and called BB84. It is assumed the protocol shares a quantum key safely (between two parties). In 2000 it was implemented easily and showed a significant method for detecting an attacker that trying to get the shared key by utilizing the final key length. When the length exceeds a certain value, that is calculated before the transmitting the key, the majority of prior works agree with that, but this chapter showed a significant threat that affects the final key to same. There is no attacker at the middle. Moreover, this chapter analyzed the final key lengths and showed the harmed value of the final key length with the attacker effect. It also showed how often these values could be within the threshold. Furthermore, a solution was found to detect the attacker by using a machine learning technique. The results showed a promising accuracy to detect the attacker relying on the final key length.
Virtual Learning and School Refusal
Authors: Eckert Ryan J.
Published: July 2024

This book chapter presents a study on the complex dynamics of school refusal in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic's move to virtual learning, asking whether this transition could be beneficial for students previously struggling with school refusal, a form of chronic absenteeism with emotional roots. Contrary to expectations, these students showed equal or lesser academic outcomes and sustained unwillingness to engage in remote learning, challenging the pre-pandemic notion that online learning could effectively address school refusal. With a complex interplay of causal factors, a mere change in setting from physical to virtual is insufficient to address the core issues of this difficult problem. The chapter thus advocates for adoption of multi-faceted intervention models encompassing mental health supports, integrating social emotional learning, and taking a proactive approach toward building positive school culture.
Online Education and Its Commercial Viability With Reference to the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Aggarwal Kapil Kumar , Agrawal Satakshi
Published: July 2024

Over the past few years, online education has been an exciting research topic. Many educationists are working on the future and the scope of online education. Due to the COVID-19 outbreak, it has become a significant source of imparting knowledge among the youth, keeping in mind the health and safety of the children. While talking about EdTech, internet connectivity and the lecturer play a crucial role in defining the effectiveness of online education. The chapter mainly focuses on online education as a new emerging business in the country. The chapter also discusses its growing role and increasing contribution to GDP during the COVID-19 pandemic. Earlier, there was less awareness and trend of online learning; however, it is interesting to know that the pandemic has highlighted the importance of online learning, and it has emerged as a rare business that has shown an upward trend in crises. Online learning has emerged as an affordable, convenient and time-efficient method of gaining knowledge.
Leveraging Blockchain Cybersecurity for Strategic Business Advantage
Authors: Mulambia Chindika , Varshney Sudeep , Suman Amrit
Published: July 2024

Blockchain technology is transforming business models and processes across multidisciplinary industries through increased transparency and decentralization. As blockchain adoption accelerates, it attracts cybersecurity threats so it is important to necessitate robust security strategies. The chapter examines the important role of cybersecurity in enabling organisations and businesses to harness blockchain technology strategic value. How cybersecurity comprehensively builds confidence and trust in blockchain solutions is discussed and allows companies to maximize benefits like cost savings, enhanced security, and also new revenue opportunities. Blockchain components include smart contract auditing, education, and network security. It also emphasizes how to proactively address vulnerabilities and protect blockchain systems which gives organisations a competitive advantage in this digital economy. Lastly, it provides some practical insights in implementing a blockchain cybersecurity strategy that unlocks the strategic potential of this transformative innovative technology.
An Automated Drug Dispenser Mobile Application Using Internet of Things (IoT) in Smart Healthcare Systems
Authors: M. Nirmala Devi , B. Subbulakshmi , T. Sree Harish , S. Muthukumaran , G. Vignesh , L. Niranjan
Published: July 2024

The automated drug dispenser (ADD) represents a revolutionary leap in healthcare accessibility, seamlessly integrating advanced pharmaceutical technologies to streamline obtaining prescribed medications. This cutting-edge system leverages the power of the internet of things (IoT), mobile app development, database management, and cloud computing to create a patient-centric approach to medication dispensation. It is a user-friendly interface that transforms the patient experience. By employing a mobile app, individuals can effortlessly navigate through the system, initiating the drug retrieval process with a simple QR code scan. This enhances efficiency and ensures accuracy, as the system rapidly identifies and dispenses the correct medication. A pivotal feature of ADD is its utilization of specific patient details to establish a secure connection. By referencing individualized information, the system not only verifies the patient's identity but also updates a centralized and protected database.
Current State of Robotic Surgery and Telesurgery
Authors: Rajamani Santhosh Kumar , Iyer Radha Srinivasan , Ahmed Iftekhar
Published: July 2024

Robotic surgery and its extension, telesurgery, have emerged as significant advancements in the field of surgical procedures. This technique involves the use of robotic systems to assist surgeons in performing complex operations with enhanced precision and control. The key points regarding robotic surgery can be summarized as follows: Firstly, robotic surgery offers several advantages over traditional open surgery and laparoscopic procedures. The use of robotic systems allows for smaller incisions, resulting in reduced trauma to the patient's body. Additionally, the robotic arms provide a greater range of motion and dexterity, enabling surgeons to access hard-to-reach areas more easily. These cumulative benefits contribute to shorter hospital stays. The utilization of robotic-assisted surgery is primarily found in the fields of urology and gynecology, with other applications found in cardiothoracic surgery, general surgery, and otorhinolaryngology. Telesurgery is an emerging technological advancement that is now implemented in a restricted range of medical establishments.
Industry 5.0 and Its Transformative Impact on Healthcare
Authors: Murugan Kavitha , Subburaj Jayasudha , P. Keerthana , S. Roobini
Published: July 2024

The era of Industry 5.0, characterized by a deep integration of technology and human cooperation, is set to bring about a major transformation in the healthcare sector. This chapter highlights a major shift toward human-centric teaming and looks at how Industry 5.0 affects healthcare. The convergence of human knowledge and state-of-the-art technologies is transforming healthcare delivery, including patient care and diagnostics. The study talks about the potentials and opportunities of Healthcare 5.0, which include more patient-centered care, telemedicine, personalized medicine, and advanced diagnostics. These are all made possible by the use of cutting-edge technologies like robotics, big data analytics, blockchain, and artificial intelligence (AI). The report also addresses the challenges and concerns that need to be resolved for healthcare 5.0 to be effectively implemented, such as data security and privacy, moral and legal dilemmas, the requirement for healthcare workers to have the right training and abilities, and cost-effectiveness.
Linkage Between Pro-Poor Tourism Development and Sustainable Development Goals
Authors: Medhekar Anita , Roy Mallika
Published: July 2024

Chapter provides an overview of the Bangladesh and the Indian economy and the contribution of tourism as an engine of growth to both the countries Both the countries pro-poor tourism development policies to meet United Nations SDGs are presented as a case. The challenges they face for implementing pro-poor tourism policies and opportunities in linking and achieving SDGs by developing and implementing pro-poor tourism policies is discussed amidst the local and global climate change challenges, public health emergencies and supply chain disruptions. The next section will discuss and critique the government policies- if tourism development in both the countries is pro-poor that includes bottom of the economic pyramid people that act as a catalyst for achieving the SDGs, or NOT? with managerial and policy recommendations and a development of an equitable, pro-poor tourism policy/business model, followed by conclusion.
A Case Study of Deep Learning-Based Dog Breed Classification
Authors: Chakraborty Anirban Debabrata , Jaronde Pravin
Published: July 2024

Deep learning has revolutionized image classification tasks, including dog identification. This case study investigates the development of a deep neural network (DNN) for dog breed detection. We use popular models such as VGG16 and ResNet50V2 and use transfer learning and data augmentation to improve the performance of the model. In this study, different models are evaluated and the problems in establishing the classification of different breeds of dogs are discussed. In addition to evaluating the model, this study also examines real-world applications and highlights the importance of accurate identification of dogs in veterinary and animal services. This work also improves the development of the model by providing new ideas for solving problems related to the appearance of different animals. This research contributes to deep learning-based image classification by providing insight into technological advances and practical implications.