bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enhancement of nanoparticle formation and growth during the COVID-19 lockdown period in
urban Beijing
Authors: Shen Xiaojing , Sun Junying , Yu Fangqun , Zhang Xiaoye , Zhong Junting , Zhang Yangmei , Hu Xinyao , Xia Can , Zhang Sinan
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Influenced by the spread of the global 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, primary emissions of particles and precursors associated with anthropogenic activities decreased significantly in China during the Chinese New Year of 2020 and the lockdown period (January 24–February 16, 2020), as indicated by approximately 50 % reduction of NOx emission nation-wide based on the open literature. Two-month measurements of the number size distribution of neutral particles and charged ions showed that during the lockdown (LCD) period, the number concentration of particles smaller than 100 nm decreased by approximately 40 % compared to the pre-LCD period in January. However, the accumulation mode particles increased by approximately 20 % as several polluted episodes contributed to secondary aerosol formation. In this study, new particle formation (NPF) events were found to be enhanced in the nucleation and growth processes during the LCD period, as indicated by higher formation (J2) and growth rate (GR), even as NPF occurrence frequency slightly decreased. The condensing vapors controlling the nucleation and growth process, sulfuric acid, and oxidation product of volatile organic compounds were estimated based on available information. The proxy values showed that sulfuric acid and organic oxidized vapors increased during the LCD period by approximately 35 % and 133 % on NPF days, respectively. Higher J2 and GR during the LCD period were favored by the increased concentration level of condensing vapors and decreased condensation sink. Several heavy haze episodes have been reported by other studies during the LCD period; however, the increase in nanoparticle number concentration should also be considered. Some typical NPF events produced a high number concentration of nanoparticles that intensified in the following days to create severe aerosol pollution. Our study confirms a significant enhancement of the nucleation and growth process of nanoparticles during the COVID-19 LCD in Beijing and highlights the necessity of controlling nanoparticles in current and future air quality management.
Possible expression of the 4.2 kyr event in Madagascar and the south-east
African monsoon
Authors: Scroxton Nick , Burns Stephen J. , McGee David , Godfrey Laurie R. , Ranivoharimanana Lovasoa , Faina Peterson
Published: November 2020

Abstract. The 4.2 kyr event is regarded as one of the largest and best documented abrupt climate disturbances of the Holocene. Drying across the Mediterranean and Middle East is well established and is linked to societal transitions in the Akkadian, Egyptian and Harappan civilizations. Yet the impacts of this regional drought are often extended to other regions and sometimes globally. In particular, the nature and spatial extent of the 4.2 kyr event in the tropics have not been established. Here, we present a new stalagmite stable isotope record from Anjohikely, northwest Madagascar. Growing between 5 and 2 kyr BP, stalagmite AK1 shows a hiatus between 4.32 and 3.83 kyr BP, replicating a hiatus in another stalagmite from nearby Anjohibe, and therefore indicating a significant drought around the time of the 4.2 kyr event. This result is the opposite to wet conditions at 8.2 kyr BP, suggesting fundamentally different forcing mechanisms. Elsewhere in the south-east African monsoon domain dry conditions are also recorded in sediment cores in Lake Malawi and Lake Masoko and the Taros Basin on Mauritius. However, at the peripheries of the monsoon domain, drying is not observed. At the northern (equatorial East Africa) and eastern (Rodrigues) peripheries, no notable event is record. At the southern periphery a wet event is recorded in stalagmites at Cold Air Cave and sediment cores at Lake Muzi and Mkhuze Delta. The spatial pattern is largely consistent with the modern rainfall anomaly pattern associated with weak Mozambique Channel Trough and a northerly austral summer Inter Tropical Convergence Zone position. Within age error, the observed peak climate anomalies are consistent with the 4.2 kyr event. However, outside Madagascar, regional hydrological change is consistently earlier than a 4.26 kyr BP event onset. Gradual hydrological change frequently begins at 4.6 kyr BP, raising doubt as to whether any coherent regional hydrological change is merely coincident with the 4.2 kyr event rather than part of a global climatic anomaly.
Equation of state and high-pressure phase behaviour of SrCO3
Authors: Biedermann Nicole , Bykova Elena , Morgenroth Wolfgang , Efthimiopoulos Ilias , Mueller Jan , Spiekermann Georg , Glazyrin Konstantin , Pakhomova Anna , Appel Karen , Wilke Max
Published: November 2020

Abstract. The high-pressure phase transition of strontianite (SrCO3) was investigated at ambient temperature by means of powder and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The samples were compressed in a diamond anvil cell to a maximum pressure of 49 GPa. Structure refinements confirm the existence of SrCO3 in the low pressure aragonite-type phase Pmcn (62) up to about 26 GPa. Above this pressure, SrCO3 transforms into a high-pressure phase with post-aragonite crystal structure Pmmn (59). Fitting the volume extracted from the compression data to the third-order Birch–Murnaghan equation of state for the low-pressure phase of SrCO3 yields K0=62.7(6) GPa and K0′=3.2(1), and for the high-pressure phase this yields K0=103(10) GPa and K0′=2.3(6). The unit cell parameters change non-uniformly, with the c axis being 4 times more compressible than the a and b axes. Our results unequivocally show the existence of a Pmmn structure in SrCO3 above 26 GPa and provide important structural parameters for this phase.
Effect of changing ocean circulation on deep ocean temperature in the last millennium
Authors: Scheen Jeemijn , Stocker Thomas F.
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Paleoreconstructions and modern observations provide us with anomalies of surface temperature over the past millennium. The history of deep ocean temperatures is much less well-known and was simulated in a recent study for the past 2000 years under forced surface temperature anomalies and fixed ocean circulation. In this study, we simulate the past 800 years with an illustrative forcing scenario in the Bern3D ocean model, which enables us to assess the impact of changes in ocean circulation on deep ocean temperature. We quantify the effect of changing ocean circulation by comparing transient simulations (where the ocean dynamically adjusts to anomalies in surface temperature – hence density) to simulations with fixed ocean circulation. We decompose temperature, ocean heat content and meridional heat transport into the contributions from changing ocean circulation and changing sea surface temperature (SST). In the deep ocean, the contribution from changing ocean circulation is found to be as important as the changing SST signal itself. Firstly, the small changes in ocean circulation amplify the Little Ice Age signal at around 3 km depth by at least a factor of 2, depending on the basin. Secondly, they fasten the arrival of this atmospheric signal in the Pacific and Southern Ocean at all depths, whereas they delay the arrival in the Atlantic between about 2.5 and 3.5 km by two centuries. This delay is explained by an initial competition between the Little Ice Age cooling and a warming due to an increase in relatively warmer North Atlantic Deep Water at the cost of Antarctic Bottom Water. Under the consecutive Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) slowdown, this shift in water masses is inverted and ageing of the water causes a late additional cooling. Our results suggest that small changes in ocean circulation can have a large impact on the amplitude and timing of ocean temperature anomalies below 2 km depth.
WegenerNet high-resolution weather and climate data 2007 to 2019
Authors: Fuchsberger Jürgen , Kirchengast Gottfried , Kabas Thomas
Published: November 2020

Abstract. This paper describes the latest reprocessed data record (version 7.1) over 2007 to 2019 from the WegenerNet climate station networks, which since 2007 provide measurements with very high spatial and temporal resolution of hydrometeorological variables for two regions in the state of Styria, southeastern Austria: 1) the WegenerNet Feldbach Region, in the Alpine forelands of southeastern Styria, which extends over an area of about 22 km × 16 km and comprises 155 meteorological stations placed on a tightly spaced grid, with an average spatial density of one station per ∼2 km2 and a temporal sampling of 5 min; and 2) the WegenerNet Johnsbachtal, which is a smaller sister network of the WegenerNet Feldbach Region in the mountainous Alpine region of upper Styria that extends over an area of about 16 km ×17 km and comprises 13 meteorological stations and one hydrographic station, at altitudes ranging from below 600 m to over 2100 m and with a temporal sampling of 10 min. These networks operate on a long-term basis and continuously provide quality-controlled station time series for a multitude of hydrometeorological near-surface and surface variables, including air temperature, relative humidity, precipitation, wind speed and direction, wind gust speed and direction, soil moisture, soil temperature, and others like pressure and radiation variables at a few reference stations. In addition, gridded data are available at a resolution of 200 m × 200 m for air temperature, relative humidity, precipitation and heat index, for the Feldbach Region, and at a resolution of 100 m × 100 m for the wind parameters for both regions. Here we describe this dataset (the most recent reprocessing version 7.1), in terms of the measurement site and station characteristics as well as the data processing from raw data (level 0) via quality-controlled basic station data (level 1) to weather and climate data products (level 2). In order to showcase the practical utility of the data we also include two illustrative example applications and briefly summarize and refer to scientific uses in a range of previous studies. The dataset is published as part of the University of Graz Wegener Center's WegenerNet data repository under the DOI https://doi.org/10.25364/WEGC/WPS7.1:2020.1 (Fuchsberger et al., 2020) and is continuously extended.
Extending the Modular Earth Submodel System (MESSy v2.54) model hierarchy: the ECHAM/MESSy IdeaLized (EMIL) model setup
Authors: Garny Hella , Walz Roland , Nützel Matthias , Birner Thomas
Published: November 2020

Abstract. As models of the Earth system grow in complexity, a need emerges to connect them with simplified systems through model hierarchies in order to improve process understanding.
The Modular Earth Submodel System (MESSy) was developed to incorporate chemical processes into an Earth System model. It provides an environment to allow for model configurations and setups of varying complexity, and as of now the hierarchy ranges from a chemical box model to a fully coupled chemistry–climate model. Here, we present a newly implemented dry dynamical core model setup within the MESSy framework, denoted as ECHAM/MESSy IdeaLized (EMIL) model setup.
EMIL is developed with the aim to provide an easily accessible idealized model setup that is consistently integrated in the MESSy model hierarchy. The implementation in MESSy further enables the utilization of diagnostic chemical tracers. The setup is achieved by the implementation of a new submodel for relaxation of temperature and horizontal winds to given background values, which replaces all other “physics” submodels in the EMIL setup. The submodel incorporates options to set the needed parameters (e.g., equilibrium temperature, relaxation time and damping coefficient) to functions used frequently in the past. This study consists of three parts. In the first part, test simulations with the EMIL model setup are shown to reproduce benchmarks provided by earlier dry dynamical core studies.
In the second part, the sensitivity of the coupled troposphere–stratosphere dynamics to various modifications of the setup is studied. We find a non-linear response of the polar vortex strength to the prescribed meridional temperature gradient in the extratropical stratosphere that is indicative of a regime transition. In agreement with earlier studies, we find that the tropospheric jet moves poleward in response to the increase in the polar vortex strength but at a rate that strongly depends on the specifics of the setup. When replacing the idealized topography to generate planetary waves by mid-tropospheric wave-like heating, the response of the tropospheric jet to changes in the polar vortex is strongly damped in the free troposphere. However, near the surface, the jet shifts poleward at a higher rate than in the topographically forced simulations. Those results indicate that the wave-like heating might have to be used with care when studying troposphere–stratosphere coupling.
In the third part, examples for possible applications of the model system are presented. The first example involves simulations with simplified chemistry to study the impact of dynamical variability and idealized changes on tracer transport, and the second example involves simulations of idealized monsoon circulations forced by localized heating. The ability to incorporate passive and chemically active tracers in the EMIL setup demonstrates the potential for future studies of tracer transport in the idealized dynamical model.
Evaluation of Economic Impacts from Flood Damages Using Hybrid
Input-Output Analysis
Authors: Jongdeepaisal Cholapat , Yoshimura Kohei , Nasu Seigo
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Flooding is a common issue in many countries and can cause extensive damage to residential areas, agricultural and livestock areas, and public facilities. These damages impact the local economy directly and create unexpected demand for goods and services. The consequences of flood damage are marked by the ambiguity of how it changes the production of local economies. For this reason, our study implements the use of the hybrid I-O analysis to evaluate the economic effects of flood damages. The flooding scenario in Kochi prefecture, Japan simulated from the inundation model was selected to demonstrate the analysis. The influences of flood damages were divided into two stages, the garbage cleaning stage and the reconstructing stage; these two stages lead to the different scenarios based on the different activities. It was found that in total, flood damages could stimulate economic growth when the positive effect of reconstruction activities surpass the negative effect of garbage cleaning activities.
Extreme marine events revealed by lagoonal sedimentary records in
Ghar el Melh during the last 2500 years in the northeast of Tunisia
Authors: Kohila Balkis Samah , Dezileau Laurent , Boussetta Soumaya , Melki Tarek , Kallel Nejib
Published: November 2020

Abstract. The Tunisian coast has been affected in the past by many events of extreme marine submersion (storms and tsunamis). A high-resolution study along two sediment cores GEM3 and GEM4 taken from the lagoon of the Ghar el Melh was performed to identify the different paleo-extreme events and to reconstruct the paleo-environmental changes of the North-eastern part of Tunisia during the Late Holocene. A very high-resolution of analysis (sedimentological, granulometric, and geochemical) was applied on these cores. These cores were also dated with isotopic techniques (137Cs, 210Pbex, 14C) and the outcomes reveal fives phases of paleoenvironmental changes of this lagoonal complex. The first phase dated from −275 to 200 Cal AD characterized by a high percentage of Silt and Clay (fine particles) indicating a protected lagoon. The second phase synchronous with the Dark Age Climatic Period dated from 200 to 1100 Cal AD, is marked by an increase in the coarse sediment and could be explained by a weakening of the sandy barrier due to an increase of storm events. The third phase is characterized by a return to a closed lagoon during the Medieval Warm Period (from 1100 to 1690 Cal AD). The fourth phase dated from 1690 to 1760 Cal AD coincide with the Little Ice Age and is marked by one specific sedimentological layer attributed to a marine submersion event. This layer could be associated to the 1693 tsunami event in southern Italy or an increase of extreme storm events. The fifth phase covering the last 250 years present a reclosing of the lagoon.
Controls on the formation of potential landslide dams and dammed
lakes in the Austrian Alps
Authors: Argentin Anne-Laure , Robl Jörg , Prasicek Günther , Hergarten Stefan , Hölbling Daniel , Abad Lorena , Dabiri Zahra
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Controls on landsliding have long been studied, but the potential for landslide-induced dam and lake formation has received less attention. Here, we model possible landslides and the formation of landslide dams and lakes in the Austrian Alps. We combine a slope criterion with a probabilistic approach to determine landslide release areas and volumes. We then simulate the progression and deposition of the landslides with a fluid dynamic model. We characterize the resulting landslide deposits with commonly used metrics, investigate their relation to glacial land-forming and tectonic units, and discuss the roles of the drainage system and valley shape. Modeled landslide dams and lakes cover a wide volume range and lake volume increases linearly with landslide volume in case of efficient damming, i.e. small landslides damming large lakes, which is in line with real-world inventories. The distribution and size of potential landslide dams and lakes depends strongly on local topographic relief. For a given landslide volume, lake size depends on drainage area and valley geometry. Largest lakes form in glacial troughs, while most efficient damming occurs where landslides block a gorge downstream of a wide valley, a situation preferentially encountered at the transition between two different tectonic units. Our results also contain inefficient damming events, a damming type that exhibits different scaling of landslide and lake metrics than efficient damming, and is hardly reported in inventories. We hypothesize that such events also occur in the real world and need documentation to better understand the effects of landsliding on the drainage system.
Gestión estratégica del marketing en situación de crisis
Authors: Osuna Soto Ignacio , Pinzón Ríos Cindy Paola , Barrera Duque Ernesto , Vicaría Delgado Juan Manuel
Published: November 2020

El manejo de la crisis con una visión estratégica del marketing es clave para explorar ventajas competitivas, mejorar el posicionamiento y la diferenciación, consiguiendo un impacto en la competitividad de la organización. La gestión estratégica del marketing durante la crisis es un componente central en la carta de navegación y la insignia del velero. Así es como este capítulo explora la centralidad en el cliente, la creación de valor y la generación de experiencias positivas con la marca durante la crisis. También, presenta cómo sacar provecho de la crisis, convirtiéndola en una oportunidad, para lo cual es importante el entendimiento del consumidor, el cambio de los comportamientos durante la crisis, los insights y la percepción de riesgo. Finalmente, el capítulo enmarca, desde una visión directiva, cómo la crisis es un medio para acelerar la innovación, la reinvención del modelo de negocio y la adaptación, para identificar oportunidades antes no vistas, y nuevas formas de hacer las cosas.
Gestión humana en medio de una crisis
Authors: Parra Torres Juan Manuel , Pinzón Ríos Cindy Paola
Published: November 2020

Durante la gestión de una crisis, es muy importante generar planes de acción que consideren el capital humano de la empresa, para poder competir exitosamente. Para que las áreas de gestión humana ocupen un puesto de socio estratégico, especialmente visible durante la crisis, es importante identificar las condiciones arraigadas en la cultura corporativa, y definir los frentes vitales para la supervivencia del negocio. De esta manera, este capítulo da insumos sobre cómo gestionar humanamente una crisis, y plantea los frentes de trabajo prioritarios: alinearse con las prioridades estratégicas de la empresa; garantizar la continuidad de la operación en situaciones adversas, internas y externas; gestionar el riesgo psicosocial; e implementar ágil y coordinadamente los planes de acción. Aun así, al pensar en el largo plazo, las empresas deben enfrentarse a medidas difíciles e inevitables para tratar de garantizar primero su sostenibilidad a corto y mediano plazo, actuando simultáneamente de una manera responsable y humana.
Cultural Linguistics and Poetry: The Case of Khayyām’s Rubā’iyyāt
Authors: Sharifian Farzad
Published: November 2020

This study is the first of its kind in applying the emerging field of cultural linguistics to research on poetry. It does so by exploring conceptualizations that underline a number of quatrains from Khayyām’s Rubā’iyyāt.1 In particular, it focuses on quatrains that reflect themes regarding the brevity of life, living for the moment, predestination, and mysteries of existence. The analyses presented in this article reveal that conceptualizations that underlie these quatrains reflect both idiosyncratic (individual-specific) and cultural conceptualizations as well as conceptualizations reflecting Khayyām’s milieu. The identified conceptualizations foreground some influences from a number of religious/cultural traditions.
n. 44 - INGERÊNCIA E DESIGUALDADES NAS POLÍTICAS DE ENSINO MÉDIO: UM ESTUDO COMPARADO DE BRASIL E ARGENTINA
Authors: Nascimento Juvenilto Soares , Da Silva Fabricio Cardoso , Silva Lucas Lourenço , De Abreu Irene Silva
Published: November 2020

Este artigo investiga, por meio de estudo comparado, as recentes reformas do ensino médio/secundário no Brasil e na Argentina. O objetivo é analisar como os documentos oficiais orientadores dessas reformas tratam das desigualdades – nas intencionalidades e nas medidas a serem adotadas – revelando convergências e divergências. Com abordagem qualitativa, esta pesquisa do tipo estudo bibliográfico e análise documental, contempla em especial: a Declaração de Incheon; a Exposição de Motivos (EM) nº 0084/2016/MEC; e a Resolução do Conselho Federal de Educação (CFE) da Argentina nº 230/2017. As principais referências teóricas empregadas são os estudos de Corrêa (2011); Libâneo (2012; 2018); Nascimento (2018); Krawczyk e Ferretti (2017); Polizzi (2019); e Feldfeber e Gluz (2014). Dentre os resultados, identificou-se que as reformas ocorrem em um contexto de avanços na Argentina e de retrocessos no Brasil, mas este último adota medidas incompatíveis com suas intencionalidades expressas, de melhorar a qualidade da educação e reduzir suas desigualdades.
n. 46 - A (IN)EFETIVIDADE DA LEI Nº 11.738/2008 À LUZ DAS DECISÕES DO SUPREMO TRIBUNAL FEDERAL
Authors: Rocha Ana Cláudia Dos Santos
Published: November 2020

Resumo: A pesquisa objetiva analisar a atuação do Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF) no que se refere a efetividade das políticas públicas de valorização dos docentes da educação básica pós Lei 11.738/2008, através de pesquisa documental, com enfoque qualitativo e análise de conteúdo pautada na perspectiva teórica neoinstitucionalista, pela abordagem da ação pública, investigando os processos e os resultados das demandas coletadas, os efeitos da judicialização e a interface de direitos fundamentais – direito à educação, ao trabalho digno e o acesso à justiça – afetos à valorização docente, considerando-a como aquela que atende ao tripé remuneração/carreira/formação. Ao final constatou-se que a judicialização pode ser um instrumento a mais para garantir a efetividade de tais políticas, todavia, não tem atingido tal intuito por estar reduzida as questões econômico-financeiras.
AS CONTRIBUIÇÕES DA BNCC PARA AS PRÁTICAS DE LINGUAGEM: MAPEANDO GÊNEROS DISCURSIVOS MULTISSEMIÓTICOS
Authors: Sousa Claudemir
Published: November 2020

Este trabalho discute as contribuições da Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) para o ensino das práticas de linguagem. Para tanto, analisamos o documento elaborado para o ensino médio, no qual mapeamos e discutimos as diretrizes para o ensino de língua portuguesa por meio de gêneros discursivos multissemióticos. Nosso referencial teórico está pautado nos estudos de Bakhtin (1981; 2011), sobre a linguagem como atividade interativa e sobre os gêneros do discurso; de Marcuschi (2008), sobre as práticas de leitura e produção textual; e de Gomes (2017) sobre gêneros discursivos multissemióticos. Concluímos que os gêneros discursivos multissemióticos estão presentes na BNCC atrelados a procedimentos de ensino que focalizam o desenvolvimento de competência, pela mobilização de habilidades, nas quais estão integradas as práticas de leitura, escrita e escuta de textos orais, escritos e multissemióticos e a análise linguística/semiótica. Porém, a efetivação dessas práticas na sala de aula depende de uma formação por parte do professor para lidar com novos conceitos e recursos tecnológicos e da disponibilidade desses recursos aos estudantes.
O TRABALHO COM PROJETOS DE LETRAMENTO PARA O ENSINO CRÍTICO DE LÍNGUA MATERNA
Authors: Silva Ana Paula Da , Almeida Ana Lúcia De Campos
Published: November 2020

Considerando a importância dos estudos da linguagem e da formação de professores de língua materna para atuação nas escolas públicas na atual conjuntura da educação brasileira, este trabalho objetiva apresentar proposta de ensino de língua portuguesa por meio de projetos de letramento (TINOCO, 2008). Sob as concepções dos Novos Estudos do Letramento (STREET, 2014; HAMILTON, 2000), da conscientização crítica da linguagem (FAIRCLOUGH, 1989, 1996; RAJAGOPALAN, 2003) e de uma educação libertadora (FREIRE, 1999, 2018), tal proposta considera a relação entre os letramentos vernaculares e o letramento escolar para desenvolvimento de um processo de ensino-aprendizagem compatível com as práticas sociais mobilizadas pela escrita e leitura, assim como para a formação de cidadãos críticos que participem da construção de uma sociedade mais justa, como se apresenta na Lei de Diretrizes e Bases (BRASIL, 1996)e nos Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais (BRASIL, 1998).  A educação escolar deve, nesse sentido, considerar e promover a ampliação do conhecimento, garantindo ao aluno espaços educacionais em que possa posicionar-se diante de valores estabelecidos e buscar as transformações sociais necessárias.
A LINGUAGEM DO MOVIMENTO ESCOLA SEM PARTIDO: IDEOLOGIA, DOUTRINAÇÃO E NEUTRALIDADE
Authors: Ferreira Verônica Ventorini , Corsetti Berenice
Published: November 2020

O presente artigo pretende apresentar a intencionalidade do Movimento Escola sem Partido (MESP) para a educação, a partir da análise sistemática dos conceitos adotados na linguagem do MESP. No foco da análise estão os conceitos de ideologia, doutrinação e neutralidade. O estudo apresentado é parte integrante de uma pesquisa mais abrangente que está fundamentada na hermenêutica filosófica (GADAMER, 2013) e na pedagogia histórico-crítica (SAVIANI, 2008), cujos pressupostos conduzem um processo metodológico de análise documental. Trabalhamos com os escritos das seções do site oficial do MESP. Um primeiro movimento metodológico corresponde ao mapeamento dos termos mais recorrentes em cada seção, para posterior aprofundamento dos significados historicamente atribuídos e suas implicações no atual contexto histórico. Entrevemos as perspectivas cientificista e tecnicista para a educação institucional, portanto, uma mudança no eixo ético-filosófico da educação brasileira.
A INSERÇÃO DE LÍNGUAS ESTRANGEIRAS NOS ANOS INICIAIS DE ESCOLARIZAÇÃO E A BASE NACIONAL COMUM CURRICULAR: SILENCIAMENTO INOCENTE OU OMISSÃO PROPOSITAL?
Authors: Tonelli Juliana Reichert Assunção , Avila Paula Aparecida
Published: November 2020

A problemática que envolve a inserção de línguas estrangeiras (LE) nos anos iniciais de escolarização (educação infantil ao 5º ano do primeiro ciclo do ensino fundamental) tem sido tema de estudos desenvolvidos no campo da linguística aplicada no Brasil. O objetivo deste artigo é 1) apresentar uma reflexão acerca da implementação de aulas de LE na rede pública de ensino em nosso país e o que tais ações podem indicar sobre políticas linguísticas nesta etapa da escolarização, e 2) problematizar se a ausência de documentos oficiais indica silenciamento ou omissão por parte do Estado. Os dados analisados constam de um panorama de teses e dissertações identificadas as quais tratam, direta ou indiretamente, dos desdobramentos inerentes a iniciativas locais para a oferta da língua inglesa na infância (LIC) e os reflexos nas políticas. Os resultados indicam que as políticas em LIC existem na prática, mas são raros os casos em que se concretizam no texto.
POLÍTICA LINGUÍSTICA OFICIAL PARA A EDUCAÇÃO EM LIBRAS NO ESTADO DE PERNAMBUCO: UM PANORAMA DE DUAS DÉCADAS (1999-2019)
Authors: Andrade Rafaela Cristina Oliveira de , Dionísio Cynthia Israelly Barbalho
Published: November 2020

Neste artigo, discutimos as políticas linguísticas educacionais oficiais de Pernambuco voltadas para a Libras, no período de 1999 a 2019, com base em uma amostra de documentos oficiais. Nossa base teórica são as noções de política linguística e domínio escolar (SPOLSKY, 2004, 2009), de mecanismos (SHOHAMY, 2006) e de política linguística como processo (JOHNSON, 2013). O estudo, de natureza documental, segue a metodologia qualitativo-interpretativista. A análise textual se baseia em Koch (2000, 2011). Evidenciamos como os documentos oficiais analisados representam o gerenciamento linguístico exercido por Pernambuco, que aciona diversos mecanismos para fortalecer a Libras no sistema educacional do estado. Tais documentos são formulados em um processo dinâmico e interativo que resulta em textos que refletem diversas vozes sociais. Contudo, a prática ainda está aquém da legislação, cabendo um esforço dos agentes envolvidos com o contexto surdo para que esse amplo acervo documental possa se traduzir na prática.
Effects of a Special Art Education Course on Attitudes toward Omani Learners with Special Needs
Authors: Al-Yahyai Fakhriya , Al-Zoubi Suhail Mahmoud , Bakkar Bakkar , Al-Hadabi Badriya , Al-Gaseem Mohammad , Al-Qaryouti Ibrahim
Published: November 2020

Visual arts are activities that contribute to educating learners with and without special needs. These activities provide an opportunity for learners with special needs (LSN) to freely express their feelings, conflicts, psychological problems, and their artistic creativity. Visual arts are considered as a source of satisfaction, development of the feeling of achievement, and happiness, and a means of activating thinking and learning. In the professional context, art therapy is one of the therapeutic interventions in special education programs. The aim of this research was to explore effects of a Special Art Education (SAE) Course on attitudes toward Omani LSN. Participants of 19 undergraduate students of Art Education Department (AED), Sultan Qaboos University (SQU) were involved in this research. Participants responded to the scale of attitudes towards the LSN before and after studying the SAE course. The scale consisted of 30 items distributed into three domains related to course instructor, course topics, and course teaching methods. The results indicated that these domains contributed to improving participants' attitudes. This improvement was demonstrated by the size effects of the SAE course on participants' attitudes toward Omani LSN.
Good Practices in the Redesign of Spaces for University Education in the Venezuelan Context of the Sucre Mission
Authors: M. Hernandez Ronald , Mederos Liset Veitia , Cabrera de la Rosa Fidel Jesus , Suarez Ramirez Aleida , Menacho Vargas Isabel , Alarcon Diaz Henry , Robles Nancy Cuenca , Pulido Capurro Victor
Published: November 2020

The objective of this article is to present the good practices in the conception of the redesign of spaces for university education in the Venezuelan context of the Sucre Mission, taking into consideration the historical context in which it takes place. The training of professionals is considered a priority for the development of nations, being desertion or abandonment a latent phenomenon that emerges as a result of dysfunctional economic scenarios or the emergence of exceptional situations. The use of the internet and mobile technology make it possible to mitigate such a situation in a challenge to maintain a quality university education; all of which demands relevant, timely and viable organizational processes.
The harmonization of animal protection during transport in the European Union - Analysis of the sanctioning systems in Italy, Romania and Spain
Authors: Meriggi Silvia
Published: November 2020

In the last sixty years, countries in Europe developed a common legal framework for the protection of so-called “farmed” Animals: on farms, during transport and at the time of their killing. This document describes the most relevant aspects of the sanctioning systems implementing the legislation on the protection of Animals during transport in three countries: Italy, Spain and Romania. These nations were chosen in connection with the author’s collaboration with the German non-governmental organization, Animals´ Angels. The association has been investigating animal transports at the international level since 1998, with particular attention to these three countries. The article draws on findings collected from the organization’s field experience as well as perspectives that have emerged over time during the analysis of the various countries. This document aims to lay out the positive and the negative points of each penalty system, as a basis for a wider analysis, and to formulate proposals for a better and uniform application of a dissuasive sanctioning system in Europe. The fact that penalties are left to the competence of the member states, which are culturally different and have different legal systems, has led to an alarmingly irregular implementation. From another perspective, with protection being put in second place, this leads to competitive distortion in the territory of the European Union. The article examines efforts made by European institutions and member states to improve the harmonisation of the application of Regulation (EC) No. 1/2005. It also offers practical inputs that can be used in future negotiations of the existing laws on animal transport.
Guerra trans-especie: Animales en conflicto humano
Authors: Rodríguez Álvarez Joaquín David
Published: November 2020

A través del presente artículo se pretende realizar una aproximación desde el anarquismo-verde, como marco teórico, a la utilización/explotación de animales en conflicto bélico, así como al proceso que desemboca en una militarización de los mismos. Mostrando la guerra como un fenómeno inter/intra-especies, donde los anímales han sido y son hoy en día utilizados como armas y medios para conseguir objetivos de tipo de militar/terrorista. Una realidad, que pese a ser sostenida en el tiempo, encontrando ejemplos de todas las épocas y contextos culturales, apenas ha sido objeto de regulación o debate internacional. Generando así, unos vacíos legales que permiten la cristalización de dinámicas de explotación animal que van más allá de los usos abusivos de la industria.  Un vacío legal, que, además, condena a los animales a ser parte activa de las dinámicas de conflictividad humanas. El presente artículo aboga en última instancia por la elaboración de mecanismos legales vinculantes a nivel internacional que prohíban el uso de animales en la guerra y garantice la protección de los mismos como víctimas colaterales del conflicto.
Presentación del volumen 11/3 (2020)
Authors: Giménez-Candela Marita
Published: November 2020

El volumen 11/3 (2020) culmina el trabajo ordinario de la revista a lo largo de unos meses presididos por la incertidumbre de la pandemia. Coherentes con el compromiso de llegar a muchos lectores, ofrecemos una selección de autores y de temas de alta calidad y permanente interés.
Competencia digital de estudiantes de Secundaria al buscar y seleccionar información sobre ciencia
Authors: Valverde-Crespo Daniel , De Pro Bueno Antonio José , González-Sánchez Joaquín
Published: November 2020

En la actualidad internet es la primera fuente de información sobre ciencia y tecnología, y la adquisición de las competencias para utilizar una herramienta tan asentada socialmente se considera deseable para la alfabetización científica de los ciudadanos. Por ello, en este estudio se pretende describir las competencias digitales, que manifiestan unos estudiantes de 3.º de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria (ESO), para buscar, seleccionar y utilizar información sobre una temática científica: una experiencia sobre la lluvia ácida. Tras aplicar un cuestionario, se emplean dos técnicas diferentes de vaciado para valorar las respuestas de los participantes. Identificamos las diferentes secuencias para buscar en red, para usar la información y para valorarla.
Trabajar la argumentación a través de un juego de rol: ¿debemos instalar el cementerio nuclear?
Authors: Crujeiras-Pérez Beatriz , Martín-Gámez Carolina , Díaz-Moreno Naira , Fernández-Oliveras Alicia
Published: November 2020

En este artículo se analizan las operaciones argumentativas llevadas a cabo por profesorado en formación inicial durante un juego de rol sobre la posible instalación de un cementerio nuclear y se examinan los tipos de conocimiento que ponen en juego al construir sus argumentos en la búsqueda de una decisión final. Los participantes son estudiantes de los grados en Educación Infantil y Primaria de tres universidades españolas. La toma de datos incluye las grabaciones de la implementación del juego de rol. Los resultados apuntan a que los participantes son capaces de formular aseveraciones y de exponer sus razones a través de la justificación, pero muestran dificultades para utilizar otros elementos argumentativos. También se ponen de manifiesto un mayor uso de conocimiento social y científico-tecnológico a la hora de buscar una decisión consensuada sobre la instalación del cementerio.
Influence of freeze-thawed cycles on pork quality
Authors: Tippala Tiprawee , Koomkrong Nunyarat , Kayan Autchara
Published: November 2020

Objective: This study was conducted to determine the effect of freeze-thawed cycles (Fresh meat, F-T 1 cycle and F-T 2 cycles) on the quality characteristics of porcine longissimus dorsi muscle. Methods: A total of 20 three-crossbred pigs (Duroc×[Large White×Landrace]) were randomly obtained from a commercial slaughterhouse in Thailand. Muscle samples were immediately taken from 10 to 11th of the longissimus dorsi for histochemical analysis. The muscles were cut into 2.54 cm-thick chops. A minimum of 20 chops were used for each treatment (fresh meat, freeze-thawed 1 and 2 cycles). Individually chops were packaged in polyethylene bags and frozen at –20°C for 6 months followed by thawing in refrigerator at 4°C for 24 h (the 1st freeze-thawed cycle). The freeze-thawed procedure was repeated for two cycles (the 2nd freeze-thawed cycle). Thawing loss, shear force value, citrate synthase activity and muscle fiber characteristics were determined on the muscles. Results: Results showed that increasing of freeze-thawed cycle increased the thawing loss (p<0.01) and citrate synthase activity (p<0.001). Shear force value of fresh meat was higher than freeze-thawed 1 and 2 cycles (F-T 1 cycle and F-T 2 cycles). Freeze-thawed cycles affected muscle characteristics. Muscle fiber area and muscle fiber diameter decreased with an increasing number of freeze-thawed cycles (p<0.001), while the thickness of endomysium and perimysium were increased (p<0.001). Conclusion: Repeated freeze-thawed cycles degraded muscle fiber structure and deteriorated pork quality.
Influence of pre-slaughter fasting time on weight loss, meat quality and carcass contamination in broilers
Authors: Xue Ge , Cheng Silu , Yin Jingwen , Zhang Runxiang , Su Yingying , Li Xiang , Li Jianhong , Bao Jun
Published: November 2020

Objective: An experiment was conducted to determine the appropriate fasting time prior to slaughter for broilers in floor-feed and scatter-feed mode.Methods: On 21 d since hatching, 120 Arbor Acres broilers were divided into floor-feed and scatter-feed groups, chicks from each group were further assigned to feed withdrawal treatments for 0, 4, 6, 8, and 10 h. Some resultant indicators such as carcass contamination, body weight loss, meat quality of 54-day-old broilers were measured.Results: It appears that longer feed withdrawal increased weight loss, lightness, drop loss of meat but reduced pH. A significant higher weight loss and lightness for both floor-feed and scatter-feed chicks coincided after 6 to 10 h feed withdrawal (p<0.05). pH for breast muscle at 45 min postmortem reduced when chicks of scatter-feed were fasted 6 and 10 h, while the reduction of floor-feed group occurred only in 10 h (p<0.05). A noticeable effect of feed withdrawal on drop loss occurred after 10 h fasting in scatter-feed of which drop loss were significantly higher than that for other groups including control (p<0.05). The change of contamination propensity revealed that 6 to 10 h fasting significantly reduced the likelihood of carcass contamination under both floor-feed and scatter-feed (p<0.05). Net weights of intestinal contents for gizzard were significantly reduced after feed deprived for 10 h in floor-feed and 6 and 10 h in scatter-feed (p<0.05). The decrease for whole intestine occurred after floor-feed broilers have been without feed for more than 4 h, scatter-feed broilers for more than 8 h (p<0.05).Conclusion: On the premise that poultry product properties and welfare were not significantly damaged, proper fasting time could reduce carcass contamination. Current data implied that 6 h fasting was recommendable for both floor and scatter feed pre-slaughter broilers.
Implementation of Corporate Social Responsibility to Increase the Value of Companies Listed on the SRI Kehati Index Indonesia
Authors: Winarso Eddy
Published: November 2020

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is the latest issue that must be observed by business people in carrying out their business processes from raw materials to the end consumers who have implemented CSR properly. And, the company must promote superior products that its produces are environmentally friendly and do not damage the environment. Investors will see the technical and fundamental analyses of the company whether they have implemented regulations and government policies in producing their products, and then buy shares from the company because they have confidence that companies that implement CSR will increase the company’s value and have a good brand image so that the market responds positively. As well as the roles of government and society as regulators of laws, and the public who observe the implementation of CSR must be responsive and must inform if there are violations committed by business practitioners against CSR. Based on the analysis by the author, it turns out that CSR has no effect on company’s value as measured by the price-to-book value (PBV). CSR implemented based on the GRI G4 is still below 50% of the 79 items that must be disclosed in the financial statements, which means that the company has not fully implemented CSR based on GRI G4 in its business processes, which obtained an average of 41.45%; but there are those who have applied it close to 100%, namely, PT Timah (Pesero) Tbk with an average CSR of 89.62%. But the PBV is low at 1.55. In contrast, PT Unilever Indonesia CSR is at an average of 41.43% but the PBV is 46.09, meaning that in this study CSR has no effect on firm value. CSR is implemented by companies not because of the awareness of the company or its responsibilities but only because of regulations issued by the government in order to complete and manage permits obtained easily.
Medication Overuse Headache
Authors: Bansal Dhruv , Pranay Pritesh , Ahmed Fayyaz
Published: November 2020

Medication overuse headache (MOH) is defined in the latest ICHD-3 criteria as a secondary headache caused by worsening of a pre-existing headache (usually a primary headache) owing to overuse of one or more attack-aborting or pain-relieving medications. MOH can be debilitating and results from biochemical and functional brain changes induced by certain medications taken too frequently. Various risk factors some modifiable, other non-modifiable (Multiple Gene Polymorphisms) have been hypothesised in MOH. Psychiatric co-morbidities in MOH are noticeably (anxiety and depression) found to be co morbid disorders by more than chance. This has to be managed effectively along with treatment strategies for MOH for efficacious response to withdrawal treatment. Ample literature and clinical evidence shown in prospective trials, that withdrawal therapy is the best treatment for MOH. The mainstay of MOH treatment is not only to detoxify the patients and to stop the chronic headache but also, most likely, to improve responsiveness to acute or prophylactic drugs. Studies advocating prophylactic treatment with good response to mainly topiramate and OnabotulinumtoxinA do exist, less prominent for prednisolone, however, not recommended for every patient. Management may be complex and must be done via MDT approach with involvement of specialists when needed along with incorporating adequate treatment of acute withdrawal symptoms, educational and behavioural programs to ensure patient understanding of the condition and compliance. There are arguments on either sides of inpatient and outpatient withdrawal for MOH patients dependent heavily on the individual circumstances i.e. patient’s motivation, the duration of the overuse, the type of overused drugs, possible previous history of detoxification failures and co morbidities. Treatment trials are still required to determine for clinicians the best evidence-based approach for helping these patients break their headache cycle.
The Increase of Amines Content in the Intake of a Vegan Diet
Authors: Vanz Borges Cristine , Gomez Gomez Hector , Otavio Minatel Igor , Pace Pereira Lima Giuseppina
Published: November 2020

Vegetarian and vegan consumers have increased in the last years. However, the food industry is facing problems responding to this growing market, since the food safety of several plant-based products is not well established. Fruits, vegetables and fermented products, such as nut and grains milks and cheeses, may be rich sources of biogenic amines; whereas, the levels of these compounds should be considered before the inclusion on a daily diet. Biogenic amines are a class of compounds with wide physiological activities as antioxidant properties, inductors of cell division and allergic processes, and sleep, sexual and behavioral disorders. In addition to the levels of biogenic amines, the levels of some of its precursors as tryptophan, 5-hydroxytryptophan and tryptamine will be presented. The foods eaten by vegans are consumed raw, cooked, fried, fermented and mainly through homemade processing methods, which have influence on the levels of bioactive compounds from the food matrix. Exposure to processing conditions such as handling, sanitary conditions, high temperatures, preparing methods (cooking in water or oil) influencing the levels of amines, will be discussed in this chapter to enrich the knowledge on food safety associated to vegan diets.