bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development and validation of a novel bias network design method for a classAB PA
Authors: Qu Yan , Crupi Giovanni , Donato Nicola , Cai Jialin
Published: July 2023

In this paper, the impact of the bias networks on a radio frequency (RF) power amplifier (PA) is analyzed and discussed comprehensively. Both the different sizes and positions of the bias microstrip line circuit have been studied for a broadband class AB PA. Both simulations and measurements show that the performance of the PA can be greatly improved with the adjustment of the bias circuit by effecting the harmonic impedance of the whole matching circuit. Compared with the existing works, the fabricated PA based on the proposed technique provides the best performance, thereby demonstrating the effectiveness of the developed bias circuit optimization method.
Same pond, different frogs: How collective change readiness level and diversity associates with team performance
Authors: de Jong Jeroen P. , Nikolova Irina , Caniëls Marjolein C. J.
Published: July 2023

Despite the critical importance of teams in organizational change processes, we still know little about how collective change readiness (CR) in teams associates to team outcomes. In this study, we take a multilevel approach to CR and investigate how collective CR associates with team performance. Specifically, we examine (a) how ambivalence between emotional and collective cognitive CR associates with collective intentional CR and (b) how both the level and diversity of collective intentional CR associate to team performance. We test our team‐level hypotheses using 59 teams and 366 individual team members. The results show that the levels of collective emotional and cognitive CR interact in their association with intentional CR. Collective intentional CR is the highest when both collective emotional and cognitive CR are high and the lowest under a condition of high collective cognitive CR and low collective emotional CR. Moreover, diversity in collective intentional CR negatively associates to leader‐rated team performance. Implications for theory and suggestions for practice are discussed.
Impacts of long‐time transportation on whiteleg shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) muscle quality and underlying biochemical mechanisms
Authors: Huang Zhihai , Guan Weiliang , Lyu Xiamin , Chen Renchi , Wu Yingyin , Zheng Gaohai , Mao Linchun
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND

Shrimp is widely consumed around the world. Since muscle is the primary edible component of shrimp, muscle quality (particularly texture) has a direct impact on the economic value of shrimp products. However, reports on the shrimp muscle quality influenced by transportation are rather limited, and the underlying mechanism remains unknown.

RESULTS

During the simulated transportation, the water pH and total ammonia‐nitrogen content and un‐ionized ammonia contents were elevated. Furthermore, reductions in shrimp muscle water‐holding capacity, hardness, and shear value with intensive myofibrillar protein degradation were detected. Simulated transportation decreased the pH and glycogen content of shrimp muscle while increasing lactic dehydrogenase activity and lactate content, resulting in an elevated level of free calcium ions and increased μ‐calpain and general proteolytic activities. Water exchange could improve the water quality and reduce the mortality of shrimp during transportation, as well as decrease muscle textural softening by alleviating these stress responses.

CONCLUSIONS

Maintaining water quality and, in particular, reducing ammonia are critical to improving shrimp survival and muscle quality during live transportation. This study is of great significance for the better maintenance of the textural properties of shrimp meat. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Hearing Following Prolonged and Delayed Ganciclovir Treatment in a Murine Cytomegalovirus Model
Authors: Hillam Katrina , Suarez Daniel , Nielson Christopher , Traxler Abigail , Sommer Elizabeth , Winslow Anna , Holley Anna , Huang Emily , Hughes Maura , Firpo Matthew A. , Rower Joseph , Park Albert H.
Published: July 2023

Objective

Compare hearing outcomes utilizing standard, prolonged and delayed ganciclovir (GCV) therapy in a murine model of cytomegalovirus (CMV).

Methods

BALB/c mice were inoculated with mouse cytomegalovirus (mCMV) or saline via intracerebral injection on postnatal day 3 (p3). Intraperitoneal GCV or saline was administered at 12 h intervals for the duration of the standard (p3‐p17), delayed (p30‐p44), or prolonged treatment windows (p3‐p31). Auditory thresholds were assessed using distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) and auditory brainstem response (ABR) testing at 4, 6, and 8 weeks of age. Blood and tissue samples were harvested from mice on p17 and p37 one hour after GCV administration, and their concentrations were assessed via liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry.

Results

A delayed course of GCV improved ABR but not DPOAE thresholds in mCMV‐infected mice. A prolonged course of GCV did not provide better hearing thresholds than those administered standard treatment. The average GCV concentration in all 17‐day‐old mice tissue was significantly higher than those in older 37‐day‐old mice.

Conclusion

Delayed GCV treatment provided a hearing benefit on ABR over untreated mCMV infected mice. Prolonged CGV administration showed no benefit compared to a shorter duration GCV treatment. GCV drug concentrations both systemically and in the cochlea are much lower in older mice. These results have potential implications for the clinical management of cCMV infected children.

Level of Evidence

NA Laryngoscope, 134:433–438, 2024
Three‐dimensional genome structure and function
Authors: Liu Hao , Tsai Hsiangyu , Yang Maoquan , Li Guozhi , Bian Qian , Ding Gang , Wu Dandan , Dai Jiewen
Published: July 2023

Linear DNA undergoes a series of compression and folding events, forming various three‐dimensional (3D) structural units in mammalian cells, including chromosomal territory, compartment, topologically associating domain, and chromatin loop. These structures play crucial roles in regulating gene expression, cell differentiation, and disease progression. Deciphering the principles underlying 3D genome folding and the molecular mechanisms governing cell fate determination remains a challenge. With advancements in high‐throughput sequencing and imaging techniques, the hierarchical organization and functional roles of higher‐order chromatin structures have been gradually illuminated. This review systematically discussed the structural hierarchy of the 3D genome, the effects and mechanisms of cis‐regulatory elements interaction in the 3D genome for regulating spatiotemporally specific gene expression, the roles and mechanisms of dynamic changes in 3D chromatin conformation during embryonic development, and the pathological mechanisms of diseases such as congenital developmental abnormalities and cancer, which are attributed to alterations in 3D genome organization and aberrations in key structural proteins. Finally, prospects were made for the research about 3D genome structure, function, and genetic intervention, and the roles in disease development, prevention, and treatment, which may offer some clues for precise diagnosis and treatment of related diseases.
National MH groups denounce SCOTUS affirmative action ruling
Authors: Canady Valerie A.
Published: July 2023

The U.S. Supreme Court's ruling last month that bans race‐conscious admissions to institutions of higher education has sparked concern and disappointment in the field over the need to protect youth mental health and achieve meaningful diversity.
It indeed takes a village to improve youth mental health
Authors: Swick Susan
Published: July 2023

It is a central tenet of public health that the well‐being of a community is impacted by far more than access to primary and acute care. Where access has been a challenge, as in mental health care in the United States, it is particularly important to consider strategies to improve public health while also addressing barriers to access.
Generalized RMIL conjugate gradient method under the strong Wolfe line search with application in image processing
Authors: Awwal Aliyu Muhammed , Wang Lin , Kumam Poom , Sulaiman Mohammed Ibrahim , Salisu Sani , Salihu Nasiru , Yodjai Petcharaporn
Published: July 2023

RMIL conjugate gradient method originally proposed by Rivaie et al. (2012) has recently gained lots of attention. In this article, we propose a generalized conjugate gradient parameter that contains both RMIL and its variant, that is, RMIL+, as special cases. We show that the search direction generated by the new method is sufficiently descent. Under standard mild conditions, we discuss the convergence analysis of the propose method. We demonstrate the numerical efficiency of the propose method on a set of unconstrained minimization benchmark test problems as well as an image restoration problem. The results of the experiment reveal that the proposed method performs better than its main competitors.
Approximate controllability of Ψ‐Caputo fractional differential equation
Authors: Varun Bose C. S. , Udhayakumar Ramalingam
Published: July 2023

In this paper, we explain how
‐Caputo fractional differential equations are approximately controllable. The outcome is demonstrated using the infinitesimal operator, fractional calculus, semigroup theory, and Krasnoselskii fixed point theorem. To begin, we emphasize the presence of the mild solution and show that the
‐Caputo fractional system is approximately controllable. Additionally, an example is provided to illustrate the idea.
Vitis vinifera L. Bioactive Components Modulate Adipose Tissue Metabolic Markers of Healthy Rats in a Photoperiod‐Dependent Manner
Authors: Navarro‐Masip Èlia , Manocchio Francesca , Colom‐Pellicer Marina , Escoté Xavier , Iglesias‐Carres Lisard , Calvo Enrique , Bravo Francisca I , Muguerza Begoña , Desjardins Yves , Aragonès Gerard
Published: July 2023

Scope

The beneficial health effects of (poly)phenol‐rich foods such as red grapes mainly depend on both the type and concentration of (poly)phenols. Since fruit (poly)phenol content is influenced by growing conditions, the study examines the seasonal effects of red grapes (Vitis vinifera L.), grown under various cultivation conditions, on metabolic markers of adipose tissue in healthy rats.

Methods and results

For this purpose, Fischer 344 rats are exposed into three different light‐dark cycles and daily supplemented with 100 mg kg−1 of either conventionally or organically grown red grapes for 10 weeks (n = 6). Seasonal consumption of organic grapes (OGs), which are richer in anthocyanins, increases energy expenditure (EE) of animals exposed to long photoperiod and enhances uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) protein expression in brown adipose tissue of animals under standard photoperiod. Additionally, red grape consumption affects the gene expression profile of white adipose tissue (WAT), upregulating browning markers of subcutaneous WAT in 12 h light (L12) and 18 h light (L18) photoperiods, and downregulating adipogenic and lipolytic markers of visceral WAT in 6 h light (L6) and L12 photoperiods.

Conclusions

These results clearly show that bioactive compounds of grapes can modulate the metabolic markers of white and brown adipose tissues in a photoperiod and depot‐dependent manner, partly affecting EE when consumed out of season.
Comprehensive analysis of cuproptosis‐related gene expression and positive correlations with CD4+ T cell infiltration in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Hu Zhangwei , Lei Wenbin , Wen Weiping
Published: July 2023

Cuproptosis is a novel form of copper‐induced programmed cell death. Here, we investigate the role of cuproptosis‐related genes in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), and the correlations between cuproptosis‐related genes and tumor‐infiltrating immune cells in the microenvironment. Gene expression data were downloaded from TCGA and analyzed using R. Protein–protein interaction analysis was conducted using STRING and GeneMANIA, while survival analyses examined the correlations between genes and overall survival. In addition, analyses of methylation and mutation sites were performed using Illumina HumanMethylation450 data and the cBioPortal data set, respectively. The correlations between gene expression level and infiltrating immune cells and predictive values of PD‐1/PD‐L1 blockade responses were also analyzed. Cuproptosis‐promoting genes were downregulated, while two out of three cuproptosis‐inhibiting genes, GLS and CDKN2A, showed upregulated expression. The CDKN2A expression level was identified as an independent prognostic factor for HNSCC through the multivariate Cox survival analysis. Meanwhile, levels of all cuproptosis‐related genes correlated positively with CD4+ T cell infiltration. Furthermore, expression of the cuproptosis‐promoting gene DLD was negatively correlated with immune score. All cuproptosis‐related genes were expressed aberrantly and correlated positively with CD4+ T cell infiltration in HNSCC. Thus, copper homeostasis and cuproptosis could be targeted therapeutically as a potential means of enhancing the efficacy of immunotherapy.
Design guidance of a circularly polarized bowtie antenna for ISM bands
Authors: Venouil Anton , Egels Matthieu , Benwadih Mohammed , Serbutoviez Christophe , Pannier Philippe
Published: July 2023

This article presents the design steps of a planar circularly polarized (CP) bowtie‐shaped antenna for 2.4–2.5 GHz industry, science, and medicine band. Using these design steps, an antenna model is developed. The antenna design is extensively described, simulated, measured, and analyzed. The antenna is simulated using the HFSS software and produced by laser etching of copper on a low‐cost Taconic RF‐35 substrate. The presented method of this design is easy to fabricate and is tunable to different frequencies. The produced CP planar antenna has a size of 55 × 55 × 0.25 mm3, a measured axial ratio bandwidth ranging from 2.33 to 2.49 GHz, and a measured peak gain of 3.21 dBiC. The produced antenna is fully planar, compatible with the printing process and thus suitable for Internet of Things applications.
Fiber optic sensor for transformer temperature detection
Authors: Shen Tao , Yuan Yue , Chen Qingguo , Xu Shaoyi , Zheng Wenlei , Xiao Hao , Liu Dongchao , Liu Dongwei , Zhao Senlin
Published: July 2023

The safe and stable operation of the transformer is affected by the internal temperature. Therefore, it is very necessary to accurately and effectively detect the temperature of the transformer winding. To realize the effective detection of the internal temperature of the transformer, a fiber optic temperature sensor based on the structure of multimode fiber (MMF)–no core fiber (NCF)–multimode fiber (MMF) (i.e., MMF–NCF–MMF) is studied. The temperature sensitivity reaches 0.0313 nm/°C. Moreover, to enhance the accuracy of the test, the sensitive material polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is coated on the sensing area (the position of the NCF), and its temperature sensitivity reaches 0.123 nm/°C. By comparison, it was found that the temperature detection sensitivity increased by 3.93 times after coating PDMS. The sensor has the characteristics of simple structure, high sensitivity, and high integration, which provides research and application directions for temperature detection in the field of transformer health detection.
A mid‐infrared laser absorption sensor for calibration‐free measurement of nitric oxide in laminar premixed methane/ammonia cofired flames
Authors: Li Qing , Ji Feiyu , Wang Wei , Ma Liuhao , Wang Yu
Published: July 2023

An interband cascade laser (ICL)‐based absorption sensor was developed for calibration‐free and high‐fidelity measurement of nitric oxide (NO) in laminar premixed methane/ammonia cofired flames using a combination of a micro‐probe and a low‐pressure, high‐temperature gas cell. The developed sensor, which has been shown to be particularly suitable for kinetic studies of ammonia combustion, used a tunable, continuous, narrow‐linewidth, free‐space ICL operating at ~5.2 μm to target the optimal NO transition centered at 1900.07 cm−1. A direct absorption spectroscopy technique with a reduced line model was implemented for calibration‐free measurements. Comprehensive experiments were first conducted to evaluate the sensor performance against the standard gas mixture at varied pressure from 20 to 101 kPa at 393 K, showing a relative difference of ≤2.5% and a measurement uncertainty of ≤2.0%. Such a sensor shows a minimum detection limit of ~2 ppm at the integration time of 1 s. The sensor was then applied for investigating the NO formation in ammonia‐methane cofiring flames with various ammonia blending ratios; the acquired experimental data was further used as benchmark data for evaluation of literature chemical mechanisms for ammonia combustion. The developed sensor system was demonstrated to be capable of providing quantitative and spatially resolved measurement of NO in ammonia‐methane cofired flames.
A wideband single‐layer slotted patch antenna for millimeter wave 5G applications
Authors: Mustapha Ademola A. , Hussain Rifaqat , Abou‐Khousa Mohamed A.
Published: July 2023

A slotted microstrip patch antenna for fifth‐generation (5G) mobile applications is presented in this paper. The proposed antenna addresses the intrinsic narrow bandwidth of patch antennas by introducing rectangular slots in the form of a disjointed H‐slot to broaden the bandwidth. The patch design and the slots introduce two extra resonances to broaden the bandwidth of the antenna. An impedance bandwidth of 26.6% from 24.95 to 32.6 GHz was achieved. A measured peak gain of 9.44 dBi was also achieved with a minimum half‐power beamwidth of 36° over the entire bandwidth. The proposed slotted patch antenna is implemented on a 44.6 mm × 26.3 mm × 0.8 mm RT5880 Printed Circuit Board.
Long term outcomes and causal modelling of compulsory inpatient and outpatient mental health care using Norwegian registry data: Protocol for a controversies in psychiatry research project
Authors: Hofstad Tore , Nyttingnes Olav , Markussen Simen , Johnsen Erik , Killackey Eoin , McDaid David , Rinaldi Miles , Dean Kimberlie , Brinchmann Beate , Douglas Kevin , Gröning Linda , Bjørkly Stål , Palmstierna Tom , Strømme Maria Fagerbakke , Blindheim Anne , Rugkåsa Jorun , Hofmann Bjørn Morten , Pedersen Reidar , Widding‐Havneraas Tarjei , Rypdal Knut , Mykletun Arnstein
Published: July 2023

Objectives

Compulsory mental health care includes compulsory hospitalisation and outpatient commitment with medication treatment without consent. Uncertain evidence of the effects of compulsory care contributes to large geographical variations and a controversy on its use. Some argue that compulsion can rarely be justified and should be reduced to an absolute minimum, while others claim compulsion can more frequently be justified. The limited evidence base has contributed to variations in care that raise issues about the quality/appropriateness of care as well as ethical concerns. To address the question whether compulsory mental health care results in superior, worse or equivalent outcomes for patients, this project will utilise registry‐based longitudinal data to examine the effect of compulsory inpatient and outpatient care on multiple outcomes, including suicide and overall mortality; emergency care/injuries; crime and victimisation; and participation in the labour force and welfare dependency.

Methods

By using the natural variation in health providers' preference for compulsory care as a source of quasi‐randomisation we will estimate causal effects of compulsory care on short‐ and long‐term trajectories.

Conclusions

This project will provide valuable insights for service providers and policy makers in facilitating high quality clinical care pathways for a high risk population group.
Digitally delivered education and exercises for patients with hand osteoarthritis—An observational study
Authors: Walter Matthias Michael , Sirard Paulina , Nero Håkan , Hörder Helena , Dahlberg Leif E. , Tveter Anne Therese , Kjeken Ingvild , Kiadaliri Ali
Published: July 2023

Hand osteoarthritis (OA) is a common form of OA, for which education and exercise are considered the first‐line treatment. The aim of the present study was to examine pain and perceived hand function in participants following 3 months of digitally delivered first‐line treatment for hand OA. Three‐hundred‐and‐seventy‐nine of 846 participants with clinical signs and symptoms of hand OA completed the study. The digital hand OA treatment program consists of video instructed daily exercises and patient education through text lessons. Pain (NRS, 0 no pain, 10 worst) was the primary outcome, and stiffness (NRS) and the Functional Index for Hand OsteoArthritis (FIHOA, 0 best, 30 worst) were among secondary outcomes. The McNemar test and linear mixed effect regression model were used to assess the changes in outcomes from baseline to 3‐month. After three months, the digitally delivered program was associated with a significant decrease in pain intensity (mean change −1.30 (95% CI −1.49, −1.12)) and hand stiffness (mean change ‐0.81 (95% CI −1.02, −0.60)) but no conclusive changes in the FIHOA scores (mean change 0.3 (95% CI −0.2, 0.7)). The results agree with reports on face‐to‐face delivered first‐line treatment for hand OA suggesting that digital treatment is a viable treatment option in patients with hand OA.
Dental disease and dietary patterns in coastal Phoenicia during the Roman period
Authors: Mardini Mahmoud , Badawi Ali , Zaven Tania , Gergian Raffi , Nikita Efthymia
Published: July 2023

The current paper presents one of the first bioarchaeological studies on dental disease and dietary patterns in coastal Phoenicia during the Roman period, focusing on the dentition of 145 adults from the contemporary and geographically proximal sites of Byblos, Beirut, and Tyre. Pathological conditions of the oral cavity and dental wear were used to assess intra‐assemblage and inter‐assemblage differences. Byblos in almost all instances exhibited higher levels of dental diseases and wear than Beirut and Tyre, suggesting a greater consumption of carbohydrates but also poorer oral hygiene and greater mechanical stress (dental wear) in this community. This difference between Beirut/Tyre and Byblos may be explained by the politico‐economic status of these cities as textual sources highlight the economic and political prowess of Beirut and Tyre due to their status as colonia. In addition, within each assemblage females generally exhibited higher caries (and associated periapical cavities and ante‐mortem tooth loss) than males. Although dental caries may be linked to nondietary factors, these patterns may support a more cariogenic diet for females in agreement with literary accounts reciting gender‐based divisions in Roman society, at least to the extent that these would manifest in dietary patterns. The findings from this study offer important insights into major and understudied communities along the Phoenician coast. Yet, further research is required, employing complementary methods (e.g., isotopic analysis and dental calculus microdebris) and including larger datasets of Roman Phoenician assemblages.
HPV16 E6 and E7 are involved in inhibition of autophagy and maintenance of cancer stem cell properties in HPV16‐positive oral squamous cell carcinoma cells
Authors: Shigeishi Hideo , Sugiyama Masaru , Akagi Misaki , Kaneyasu Yoshino , Maehara Tomoko , Ohta Kouji
Published: July 2023

Aim

The involvement of human papillomavirus (HPV) E6/E7 in autophagy has not been fully elucidated in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells. The objective of this study was to clarify the association between HPV E6/E7 and autophagy and cancer stem cell properties such as self‐renewal ability and chemotherapy resistance in HPV16‐positive OSCC cells.

Methods

UM‐SCC‐104 HPV16‐positive OSCC cells were cultured on laminin 332‐coated silicone gel. The impact of HPV16 E6 or E7 siRNA transfection on cell proliferation, spheroid formation, 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU)‐induced cell death, and autophagy was investigated. After treatment with rapamycin, DAPGreen was used to detect autophagosome formation.

Results

HPV16 E6 or E7 siRNA transfection resulted in knockdown of both E6 and E7 in UM‐SCC‐104 cells. HPV16 E6/E7 knockdown inhibited cell proliferation, mRNA expression of stem cell markers (i.e., CD44, ALDH1, BMI1, OCT4, and NANOG), and spheroid formation. Furthermore, HPV16 E6/E7 knockdown enhanced 5‐FU‐induced cell death. Additionally, mRNA expression of autophagy‐related genes such as ATG5 and BECN1 was significantly increased after HPV16 E6/E7 knockdown. Furthermore, HPV16 E6/E7 knockdown augmented rapamycin‐induced autophagy. Next, we found that miR‐30a‐5p is indicated to interact with the 3′‐untranslated region of ATG5 and BECN1 using TargetScan. However, significant induction of autophagy was not found after miR‐30a‐5p inhibitor transfection. Importantly, 5‐FU‐induced cell death was significantly attenuated by chloroquine autophagy inhibitor in HPV16 E6/E7 knockdown cells.

Conclusion

HPV16 E6/E7 is involved in autophagy regulation as well as in the maintenance of cancer stem cell features in OSCC cells.
Students' ratings of school climate as a moderator between self‐esteem and internalizing symptoms in a community‐based high school population
Authors: de Arellano Abigail , Neger Emily N. , Rother Yvette , Bodalski Elizabeth , Shi Dexin , Flory Kate
Published: July 2023

The prevalence of anxiety and depression symptoms in adolescents is increasing. Both self‐esteem and school climate have been found to predict mental health symptoms in adolescents and young adults, though little is known about how these constructs interact. The purpose of the current study was to examine the moderating role of school climate in the relation between self‐esteem and internalizing concerns in a weighted, stratified sample of high school students. Ninety‐five participants ages 14–19 (51.43% male) completed self‐report measures of self‐esteem (Rosenberg Self‐Esteem Scale), school climate (Psychological Sense of School Membership Scale), and internalizing symptoms (Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale). There were significant negative correlations between all internalizing concerns and both self‐esteem and school climate. Significant moderating effects of school climate were found such that students' ratings of low self‐esteem were more strongly associated with depression, generalized anxiety, and panic symptoms when they perceived a poorer school climate. Low self‐esteem was related to social anxiety, while perception of poor school climate was associated with separation anxiety and obsessive‐compulsive symptoms. School climate may act as a protective factor, buffering the relation between low self‐esteem and depression and some anxiety subtypes in adolescents. Implications for prevention and intervention are discussed.
Predicting the seasonal flight activity of Myzus persicae, the main aphid vector of Virus Yellows in sugar beet
Authors: Luquet Martin , Poggi Sylvain , Buchard Christelle , Plantegenest Manuel , Tricault Yann
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND

Virus Yellows (VY), a disease caused by several aphid‐borne viruses, is a major threat to the global sugar beet production. Following the ban of neonicotinoid‐based seed treatments against aphids in Europe, increased efforts are needed to monitor and forecast aphid population spread during the sugar beet growing season. In particular, predicting aphid flight seasonal activity could allow anticipation of the timing and intensity of crop colonisation and contribute to the proper implementation of management methods. Forecasts should be made early enough to assess risk, but can be updated as the season progresses to refine management. Based on a long‐term suction‐trap dataset gathered between 1978 and 2014, we built and evaluated a set of models to predict the flight activity features of the main VY vector, Myzus persicae, at any location in the French sugar beet production area (c. 4 × 105 ha). Flight onset dates, length of flight period and cumulative abundance of flying aphids were predicted using climatic and land‐use predictors as well as geographical position.

RESULTS

Our predictions outperformed current models published in the literature. The importance of the predictor variables varied according to the predicted flight feature but winter and early spring temperature always played a major role. Forecasts based on temperature were made more accurate by adding predictors related to aphid winter reservoirs. In addition, updating the model parameters to take advantage of new weather data acquired during the season improved the flight forecast.

CONCLUSION

Our models can be used as a tool for the mitigation in sugar beet crops. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Icariin, a phytoestrogen, exerts rapid estrogenic actions through crosstalk of estrogen receptors in osteoblasts
Authors: Wong Ka‐Ying , Kong Tsz‐Hung , Poon Christina Chui‐Wa , Yu Wenxuan , Zhou Liping , Wong Man‐Sau
Published: July 2023

Icariin, a flavonoid glycoside derived from Epimedium brevicornum Maxim, exerts bone protective effects via estrogen receptors (ERs). This study aimed to investigate the role of ER‐α66, ER‐α36, and GPER in bone metabolism in osteoblasts following treatment with icariin. Human osteoblastic MG‐63 cells and osteoblast‐specific ER‐α66 knockout mice were employed. The ERs crosstalk in the estrogenic action of icariin was evaluated in ER‐α66‐negative human embryonic kidney HEK293 cells. Icariin, like E2, regulated ER‐α36 and GPER protein expression in osteoblasts by downregulating them and upregulating ER‐α66. ER‐α36 and GPER suppressed the actions of icariin and E2 in bone metabolism. However, the in vivo administration of E2 (2 mg/kg/day) or icariin (300 mg/kg/day) restored bone conditions in KO osteoblasts. ER‐α36 and GPER expression increased significantly and rapidly activated and translocated in KO osteoblasts after treatment with E2 or icariin. ER‐α36 overexpression in KO osteoblasts further promoted the OPG/RANKL ratio induced by E2 or icariin treatment. This study showed icariin and E2 elicit rapid estrogenic responses in bone through recruiting ER‐α66, ER‐α36, and GPER. Notably, in osteoblasts lacking ER‐α66, ER‐α36, and GPER mediate the estrogenic effects of icariin and E2, while in intact osteoblasts, ER‐α36 and GPER act as negative regulators of ER‐α66.
Distributed prescribed‐time leader‐following formation control for second‐order multi‐agent systems with mismatched disturbances
Authors: Li Bo , Gong Wenquan , Xiao Bing , Yang Yongsheng
Published: July 2023

This article investigates the distributed prescribed‐time formation control problem for the second‐order multi‐agent systems (MASs) subject to matched and mismatched disturbances in time‐varying formation case. As a stepping stone, novel distributed estimators are first proposed to accurately estimate the position and velocity information of the leader within prescribed time. Subsequently, the nominal control protocol is presented for the MAS in the absence of the disturbances to deal with the time‐varying formation control problem, and the prescribed‐time stability of the system is guaranteed. For system subject to matched and mismatched disturbances, the observer‐based integral sliding mode formation control protocol is then presented such that the desired trajectories can be tracked and the desired patterns can be achieved within the prescribed settling time. By adopting the sinusoidal function to the control scheme, the singularity‐like problem is solved if there exist measurement errors in the agents. Finally, a numerical simulation example utilizing unmanned aerial vehicles modeled by Simscape and Solidworks is presented to show the efficiency of the proposed scheme.
Generalized outer synchronization and parameters identification of uncertain delayed hypernetworks with stochastic noises
Authors: Wang Xiong , Gu Haibo , Lü Jinhu , Liu Kexin
Published: July 2023

Synchronization of hypernetworks has been extensively researched due to its potential applications in various contexts, such as secure communications and power grid engineering. However, the existing works thus far have primarily been devoted to inner synchronization or complete outer synchronization with identical node dynamics and topology structures. To investigate harmonious coexistence between two networks with nonidentical node dynamics and reduce control costs as well, this paper focuses on generalized outer synchronization (GOS) and parameters identification of uncertain delayed hypernetworks with stochastic noises. Regardless of whether the node parameters are known or not, based on Lyapunov stability and the LaSalle‐type invariance principle for stochastic differential equations with multiple delays, some sufficient conditions are exhibited to reach GOS almost surely via adaptive control schemes. Moreover, the unknown node parameter vectors are identified by the designed updating laws. In addition, some corollaries are deduced and indicate that our proposed methods contain single‐layer networks and complete synchronization methods as special cases. Furthermore, numerical simulations are provided to verify the effectiveness of our approaches. In particular, it is revealed that network parameters, including time delays, coupling strengths, and noise intensities, have an impact on the performance of the proposed algorithms.
Financial development, carbon dioxide emissions, and sustainable development
Authors: Dong Kai , Wang Shaonan , Hu Hengqiang , Guan Ningning , Shi Xiaolei , Song Ye
Published: July 2023

China currently is the world's largest energy consumer and carbon dioxide emitter. How to effectively control carbon dioxide emissions and promote sustainable development is indispensable for achieving the “double carbon” goal, promoting comprehensive economic transformation and upgrading, and contributing to high‐quality economic development. There is no doubt that a large amount of financial resources need to be invested in the process of encouraging sustainable development. Therefore, what is the relationship among financial development, carbon dioxide emissions and sustainable development? Can financial development facilitate sustainable development? In order to answer these two key questions, this article uses entropy weight method, fixed effect model, and panel vector autoregressive (PVAR) model to deeply explore the static and dynamic relationship among financial development, carbon dioxide emissions and sustainable development with the panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2005 to 2021. The research results show that financial development is conducive to forwarding sustainable development, and the negative impact of carbon dioxide emissions on sustainable development is also significant at present. That means financial development and carbon dioxide emissions have important impact on sustainable development. The further empirical results of PVAR model show that there are significant differences in the impact of financial development and carbon dioxide emissions on sustainable development in different periods of time. Therefore, the government should take timely measures according to the different roles played by financial development and carbon dioxide emissions at different stages to promote sustainable development.
Reducing Emission Linewidth of Pure‐Blue ZnSeTe Quantum Dots through Shell Engineering toward High Color Purity Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Bi Yuhe , Cao Sheng , Yu Peng , Du Zhentao , Wang Yunjun , Zheng Jinju , Zou Bingsuo , Zhao Jialong
Published: July 2023

High color purity blue quantum dot light‐emitting diodes (QLEDs) have great potential applications in the field of ultra‐high‐definition display. However, the realization of eco‐friendly pure‐blue QLEDs with a narrow emission linewidth for high color purity remains a significant challenge. Herein, a strategy for fabricating high color purity and efficient pure‐blue QLEDs based on ZnSeTe/ZnSe/ZnS quantum dots (QDs) is presented. It is found that by finely controlling the internal ZnSe shell thickness of the QDs, the emission linewidth can be narrowed by reducing the exciton‐longitudinal optical phonon coupling and trap states in the QDs. Additionally, the regulation of the QD shell thickness can suppress the Förster energy transfer between QDs in the QLED emission layer, which will help to reduce the emission linewidth of the device. As a result, the fabricated pure‐blue (452 nm) ZnSeTe QLED with ultra‐narrow electroluminescence linewidth (22 nm) exhibit high color purity with the Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage chromatic coordinates of (0.148, 0.042) and considerable external quantum efficiency (18%). This work provides a demonstration of the preparation of pure‐blue eco‐friendly QLEDs with both high color purity and efficiency, and it is believed that it will accelerate the application process of eco‐friendly QLEDs in ultra‐high‐definition displays.
Controlling the Surface of Aluminum Nanocrystals: From Aluminum Oxide to Aluminum Fluoride
Authors: Varshney Shalaka , Oded Meirav , Remennik Sergei , Gutkin Vitaly , Banin Uri
Published: July 2023

Aluminum nanocrystals are emerging as a promising alternative to silver and gold for various applications ranging from plasmonic functionalities to photocatalysis and as energetic materials. Such nanocrystals often exhibit an inherent surface oxidation layer, as aluminum is highly reactive. Its controlled removal is challenging but required, as it can hinder the properties of the encaged metal. Herein, two wet‐chemical colloidal approaches toward the surface coating of Al nanocrystals, which afford control over the surface chemistry of the nanocrystals and the oxide thickness, are presented. The first approach utilizes oleic acid as a surface ligand by its addition toward the end of the Al nanocrystals synthesis, and the second approach is the post‐synthesis treatment of Al nanocrystals with NOBF4, in a “wet” colloidal‐based approach, which is found to etch and fluorinate the surface oxides. As surface chemistry is an important handle for controlling materials’ properties, this research paves a path for manipulating Al nanocrystals while promoting their utilization in diverse applications.
The Emergence of High‐Performance Conjugated Polymer/Inorganic Semiconductor Hybrid Photoelectrodes for Solar‐Driven Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting
Authors: Zhou Jie , Cheng Hao , Cheng Jun , Wang Lei , Xu Hangxun
Published: July 2023

Solar‐driven photoelectrochemical (PEC) energy conversion holds great potential in converting solar energy into storable and transportable chemicals or fuels, providing a viable route toward a carbon‐neutral society. Conjugated polymers are rapidly emerging as a new class of materials for PEC water splitting. They exhibit many intriguing properties including tunable electronic structures through molecular engineering, excellent light harvesting capability with high absorption coefficients, and facile fabrication of large‐area thin films via solution processing. Recent advances have indicated that integrating rationally designed conjugated polymers with inorganic semiconductors is a promising strategy for fabricating efficient and stable hybrid photoelectrodes for high‐efficiency PEC water splitting. This review introduces the history of developing conjugated polymers for PEC water splitting. Notable examples of utilizing conjugated polymers to broaden the light absorption range, improve stability, and enhance the charge separation efficiency of hybrid photoelectrodes are highlighted. Furthermore, key challenges and future research opportunities for further improvements are also presented. This review provides an up‐to‐date overview of fabricating stable and high‐efficiency PEC devices by integrating conjugated polymers with state‐of‐the‐art semiconductors and would have significant implications for the broad solar‐to‐chemical energy conversion research.
Electrolyte Strategies Facilitating Anion‐Derived Solid‐Electrolyte Interphases for Aqueous Zinc–Metal Batteries
Authors: Li Huihua , Chen Zhen , Zheng Leilei , Wang Jian , Adenusi Henry , Passerini Stefano , Zhang Huang
Published: July 2023

Rechargeable aqueous zinc–metal batteries (AZBs) are a promising complimentary technology to the existing lithium‐ion batteries and the re‐emerging lithium–metal batteries to satisfy the increasing demands on energy storage. Despite considerable progress achieved in the past years, the fundamental understanding of the solid‐electrolyte interphase (SEI) formation and how its composition influences the SEI properties are limited. This review highlights the functionalities of anion‐tuned SEI on the reversibility of zinc–metal anode, with a specific emphasis on new structural insights obtained through advanced characterizations and computational techniques. Recent efforts in terms of key variables that govern the interfacial behaviors to improve the long‐term stability of zinc anode, i.e., Coulombic efficiency, plating morphology, dendrite formation, and side‐reactions, are comprehensively reviewed. Lastly, the remaining challenges and future perspectives are presented, providing insights into the rational design of practical high‐performance AZBs.
Strategies Toward Stretchable Aqueous Zn‐based Batteries for Wearable Electronics from Components to Devices
Authors: Wang Xilin , He Tao , Cheng Jianli , Wu Yuping , Wang Bin
Published: July 2023

Recently, aqueous Zn‐based batteries (AZBs) are receiving increased attention in wearable and implantable electronics due to the low cost, high safety, high eco‐efficiency, and relatively high energy density. However, it is still a big challenge to develop stretchable AZBs (SAZBs) which can be conformally folded, crumpled, and stretched with human body motions. Although a lot of efforts have been dedicated to constructions of SAZBs, a comprehensive review which focuses on summarizing stretchable materials, device configurations and challenges of SAZBs is needed. Herein, this review attempts to critically review the latest developments and progress in stretchable electrodes, electrolytes, packaging materials and device configurations in detail. Furthermore, these challenges and potential future research directions in the field of SAZBs are also discussed.
Structural Effects of Crumpled Graphene and Recent Developments in Comprehensive Sensor Applications: A Review
Authors: Sinha Animesh , So Hongyun
Published: July 2023

Graphene is a 2D honeycomb lattice consisting of a single layer of carbon atoms. Graphene has become one of the most preferred materials for sensor development due to its exceptional electrical, mechanical, and thermal characteristics. Nonetheless, little consideration is given to the production and use of crumpled graphene. Specifically, the crumpled graphene structure is a good choice for enhancing sensors’ sensitivity and structural deformability by reducing interfacial stress, avoiding electrical failure, and enhancing surface areas. This review article provides an overview of various synthesis processes using crumpled graphene and specifies a brief idea to control crumpled formation in graphene structure for sensing applications in recent years. Furthermore, it summarizes the problems encountered in previously published research articles during the fabrication and performance of sensors with a brief discussion of fundamental mechanics and topological aspects concerning crumpling patterns with sensing performance. It also highlights the current status of crumpling techniques and their effects on developing different sensors using existing crumpling methods, controlled crumpling designs, and sensing methodologies for future applications.
General Synthesis of Large‐Area Transition Metal Nitride Porous Arrays for Highly Sensitive Surface‐Enhanced Raman Scattering Substrates with Ultrahigh Durability
Authors: Teng Xinqiao , Wei Mengyuan , Yi Wencai , Li Junfang , Yin Meng , Xi Guangcheng
Published: July 2023

A general polymerization‐induced strategy is developed to synthesize large‐area (100 cm2) transition metal nitride (TMN: TiN, MoN, WN, VN) porous arrays with high specific surface area (187.5–215.5 m2 g−1) for the first time, which also can be used to prepare TMN porous arrays uniformly doped with multiple elements. The formation of homogeneous organic/inorganic hybrid polymer precursors is a key factor in forming such TMN porous arrays. The TiN porous arrays exhibit an intense blue‐light localized surface plasmon resonance effect centered at 508 nm. The TiN porous arrays also show a remarkable surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) effect with a Raman enhanced factor of 5.7 × 107 and the lowest detection limit of 1.0 × 10−12 m. They show ultrahigh corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance, which are not available on traditional noble metal and semiconductor SERS substrates. These results suggest the possibility of the development of effective SERS substrates by using cheap TiN to replace the expensive commercial Au substrates.
MiR‐494‐3p aggravates pirarubicin‐induced cardiomyocyte injury by regulating MDM4/p53 signaling pathway
Authors: Huang Peng , Zhang Yibing , Wang Fengjun , Qin Meng , Ma Jiulong , Ji Jiahua , Wei Dexian , Ren Liqun
Published: July 2023

Objective

Pirarubicin (THP) is a widely used antitumor drug in clinical practice, but its cardiotoxicity limits its use. There is an urgent need to find drugs to alleviate the cardiotoxicity of THP. This study aimed to investigate the effect and mechanism of miR‐494‐3p on THP‐induced cardiomyocytes.

Methods

THP induced immortalized mouse cardiomyocytes HL‐1, silenced or overexpressed miR‐494‐3p. The effects of miR‐494‐3p on HL‐1 contained in THP were investigated by CCK8, flow cytometry, ROS detection, JC‐1 mitochondrial membrane potential detection, TUNEL cell apoptosis detection, RT‐qPCR, and Western blot.

Results

miR‐494‐3p could reduce cell viability, increase oxidative damage, and promote cell apoptosis; at the same time, it inhibited the expression of MDM4, promoted the activation of p53, and promoted the expression of apoptosis‐related proteins. MiR‐494‐3p inhibitors have the opposite effect.

Conclusion

miR‐494‐3p can aggravate THP damage to HL‐1, which may be achieved by downregulating MDM4 and promoting p53. miR‐494‐3p is one of the important miRNAs in THP‐induced cardiotoxicity, which provides theoretical support for its possible use as a therapeutic target for THP‐induced cardiovascular disease.