bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of a new generation of growth regulators on winter wheat crops in the conditions of the steppe zone of the RNO-Alania
Authors: Tedeeva A A , Mamiev D M , Tedeeva V V
Published: February 2022

Currently, micronutrients and plant growth regulators, which are used to obtain economically significant effects, are the major focus in the country. Therefore, the main task of scientific research in the field of studying growth regulators is to find and introduce into production environmentally safe, non-harmful effects on both plants and the environment.It is the first time when in the conditions of the steppe zone of the Mozdok district, the Republic of North Ossetia – Alania, in the scientific and production department of the SKNIIGPSKH VNTS RAN “Oktyabrsky” were studied the growth regulators of the new generation Edagum SM and Mers B on two varieties of winter wheat Alekseich and Grom selection of FSBSI Lukyanenko National Grain Centre.As a result of the use of micro-fertilizers, the growth regulator and their tank mixture, one can see the increased density of standing plants of winter wheat. The studied variants had a significant impact on the yield and quality indicators of the winter wheat products obtained. Productivity increased by 0.95-1.45 t/ha. With a maximum yield of 4.82 t/ha in the variant with the use of tank mixture on the Alekseich variety, the conditional net income amounted to 21.87 thousand rubles/ha, at the level of production profitability of 115.00%. In a similar variant with the Grom variety, the yield was 4.62 t/ha with a production profitability level of 105.60%.
Research on the ecologization of agriculture: improvement of crop rotations and biological soil fertility reproduction systems
Authors: Nikitina O V , Nagornaya O V , Dolgopolova N V
Published: February 2022

Currently, the issue of ecological farming is becoming especially acute due to economic and environmental instability in general and in agriculture in particular. Sufficient facts have been accumulated in agricultural science, indicating that long-term unsystematic and uncontrolled use of chemical nutrients leads to a deterioration of the ecological situation, the accumulation of harmful elements in plants, soil, and reservoirs. All this leads to the destabilization of agricultural landscapes, including fauna and flora, and ultimately poses a serious threat to man himself.
Framing regional innovation and technology policies for transformative change
Authors: Solodov S V , Mamai I B , Pronichkin S V
Published: February 2022

The current state of social and economic development of regions requires new approaches to increasing the efficiency of their activities, and above all scientific approaches to forecasting, as one of the main components of the strategy of transformative changes. It is proposed to use an architecture based on neuro-fuzzy networks for forecasting regional development, which is characterized by a high learning rate due to the linear dependence of outputs on adjustable weights. Scientific and methodological approaches are developed to determine the global minimum of the learning criterion, taking into account the decision rules “if-then”.
The results of the application of the ZetaGel technology at the fields of TPE «Kogalymneftegaz»
Authors: Yarkeeva N R , Imangulov D V
Published: February 2022

At present the hydraulic fracturing of formation is the main type of the geological and technical measures in the oilfields of western Siberia. In 2019-2020 the hydrofracturing of formation’s share was 48.6%. The widespread use of hydrofracturing is due to its main advantage - an instant increase in well production, as a result of increasing the permeability of the bottomhole formation zone by several orders. However, water, as a more mobile agent, is ahead of oil and occupies the most permeable channels first, which, as a result, leads to intensive watering of wells. This fact is the main disadvantage of hydrofracturing. The extensive use of this production stimulation’s method and the number of its negative consequences are the cause of the relevance for the hydrofracturing’s technology improvements. The article describes one of the latest and most promising ways to improve its efficiency - the ZetaGel technology consisting of the surface-active agents’ adding to the breakdown agent for further formation of the polymer-free gel system, explores the process of solution preparation, studies its physicochemical properties, and analyzes the geological and field data on the application of ZetaGel technology at the fields of TPE «Kogalymneftegaz» and the advantages of this technology in comparison with the standard operation of hydraulic fracturing. In addition, the authors of the article proposed recommendations for the further use of this system. The use of cross-linked gel has solved the problems related to the bottom water’s breaches, the pore canals’ bridging by the proppant and the damages of the critical area of formation and the edge. The rheological properties of the liquid in turn allow keeping the proppant in suspension and pushing it deep into the formation, thereby increasing the permeability of the proppant pack.
The role of zeolites in increasing the efficiency of fertilizers in the cultivation of agricultural crops and the sustainable development of the environment
Authors: Eliseev I P , Eliseeva L V , Vasiliev O A , Dimitriev V L , Lozhkin A G , Fadeeva N A
Published: February 2022

The paper considers the issues of preserving and expanding the reproduction of soil fertility for obtaining high yields of agricultural crops, identifies ways to solve the problem of ecologizing the agricultural landscape by introducing horny hoofed crumbs as an alternative to the mineral form of nitrogen fertilizer and zeolite-containing tripoli as a sorption-type soil improver, as in direct action, and aftereffect. The results of the study revealed the role of the applied fertilizers in increasing the leaf surface area of potato and fodder beet plants, led to an increase in the biological activity of the soil, contributed to the improvement of the quality indicators of the obtained products (dry matter content, nitrates), increased the productivity of cultivated row crops, as in the year of fertilization and endured, and in the aftereffect on barley. The conducted bioenergetic assessment of the studied fertilizers and zeolite-containing tripoli against the background of phosphorus-potassium mineral fertilizers determined the most effective options with the use of horn-hoofed crumbs and tripoli, both independently and when applied together.
Varietal agrotechnics of perennial grasses in the climate of Central Siberia
Authors: Lipshin Alexey G
Published: February 2022

The article presents the features of varietal agrotechnics of perennial grasses in the climate of Central Siberia. The technological features of cultivation are revealed - the requirements for soils, the main and pre-sowing soil cultivation, the use of fertilizers, the timing and methods of grassing, grass mixtures sowing, care for crops in the grassing year.
Efficiency of agrotechnical methods of cultivation of soybean for grain in different ecological zones of Western Siberia
Authors: Galeev Rinat R , Petrov Dmitrii D , Smirnov Anton E
Published: February 2022

The results of three-year studies (2019-2021) on the study of the effeciencyof growing different varieties of soybean for grain in the ecological zones of Western Siberia (forest-steppe, steppe) are presented. The experiments were carried out on leached chernozem of the Novosibirsk region, gray forest soil of the Novosibirsk region and the Tomsk region and Kulunda steppe of the Novosibirsk region. It has been established that in the forest-steppe of Western Siberia, in the production of soybean grain it is efficient to use varieties Omskaya 4, SibSFI 315, Gorinskaya, Krasnoobskaya, Avanta and Bara, providing a yield level of 2-3.5 t/ha. on leached chernozem and gray forest soil. Photosynthetic parameters (leaf area and Photosynthetic Potential (PSP)) were observed when sowing different varieties of soybeans of the Siberian selection SibSFI 315, Krasnoobskaya, Gorinskaya and Omskaya 4, especially when sowing in the third decade of May and with a seeding rate of 500 thousand pieces of viable seeds per hectare. It was found that the yield of soybean varieties is higher when sown in the third decade of May. It is statistically determined that the yield of soybean grain depended on the technology element by 36%, genotype - 23% and weather conditions - 21%. The efficiency of irrigation is shown at a level of moisture supply of 70-80% of the highest moisture capacity (HMC) in the arid steppe Kulunda zone of Western Siberia: an increase in yield is of 160-190%, the efficiency of fertilizer application against the background of irrigation increases by 45%.
The effect of natural salt with herbicidal activity on the agrochemical properties of soil and Cirsium Arvense
Authors: Ulyanova O A , Kurachenko N L , Vlasenko O A
Published: February 2022

In a field experiment, an assessment of the effect of solutions of natural salt with herbicidal activity on the agrochemical properties of ordinary chernozem and a phytocenosis heavily contaminated with pink thistle (Cirsium Arvense, Asteraceae family) was given. To study the mechanism of action of 20, 30 and 40% solutions of natural salt on the “plant-soil” system and changes in the chemical state of the soil, we used crude natural brines from the Troitsk deposit in the Krasnoyarsk Territory. The results of the research found that the use of various solutions of natural salt as a herbicide determined alkalinization of the soil by 0.2-0.3 units. pH while maintaining the neutral reaction of the soil solution and changing the composition of the salts of the aqueous extract. The control soil contained a high amount of humus. Treatment of plants with natural salt contributed to an increase in the indicator by 6-11%, depending on the concentration of the salt solution used. Common chernozem was characterized by a very low and low supply of mineral forms of nitrogen, a very high supply of exchangeable potassium and an increased and high supply of mobile phosphorus, depending on the variant of the experiment. When processing the pink thistle in the growing season before its flowering with solutions of salts of different concentrations, the biological efficiency of the solution of 20% concentration was 58%, and the treatment of this weed with 30 and 40% concentration of natural salt led to its death by - 82 and 88% to the control, respectively.
Assessment of export potential of the Russian agro-industrial complex
Authors: Dzhancharova G K , Ilyasov R H , Romadikova V M
Published: February 2022

The work is devoted to the assessment of Russian exports of agricultural products at the end of 2020. Record harvests in some segments of the agricultural industry allowed Russia not only to increase the volume of supplies of agricultural products to the world food markets, but also to actually open new promising markets in Africa, Asia and Europe. State programs to support Russian farmers will maximize the stimulation of production and development of this industry, not only in terms of increasing production volumes, but also in terms of creating rural infrastructure. The program to stimulate the export of agricultural products until 2024 allowed Russia to advance in the ranking of world exports to 20th place at the end of 2020. Further advancement of the position in the rating will depend on the structure of exports itself and the increase in the production of the processing industry in it. Forecasts for the growth of exports of the Russian agro-industrial complex are quite optimistic and will depend on a number of objective factors.
The role of morphological adaptation and variability of potato varieties in plants photosynthetic apparatus formation
Authors: Shitikova Aleksandra V , Abiala Aurel A , Povarnitsyna Anastasia V
Published: February 2022

When determining the duration of interphase periods, researchers are faced with a number of difficulties, such as flowering dates absence or delay, a weak correlation between flowering and tuberization, and death of the aboveground part of plants from diseases and pests. In regards to flowering, potatoes are a long-day plant, and according to tuberization - a short one, therefore, photoperiodism significantly affects the development of potato plants. Under conditions of a long day, the normal development of the above-ground plant mass occurs, while a change in photoperiodic conditions until a short day leads to plant’s above cessation growth -ground organs and the onset of enhanced tuberization. The duration of the interfacial periods is influenced by soil and climatic factors, such as heat and moisture supply; under the experimental conditions, the growing season was also determined by varietal characteristics. It should also be noted that the duration of the interphase periods depends on the agrotechnical measures. During the years of research, this indicator varied greatly and had an impact on the yield of the studied varieties. The article presents the results of 3-year studies on the adaptation of potato varieties to changing climatic conditions based on plant architectonics peculiarities research, systematization of new promising potato varieties according to ecological and morphological characteristics, allowing to control crop productivity, is carried out. The most productive in years with contrasting moisture availability were potato varieties, the mid-season variety of the xeromorphic ecomorphic type Kumach (35.7 t/ha), the hygromorphic ultra-early ripening variety Meteor (33.9 t/ha); mesomorphic mid-season varieties Barin (33.9 t/ha) and Resurs (32.3 t/ha). There was a positive correlation between the yield and the atLEAF parameters, the chlorophyll content was higher than the average values for the varieties by 1.8 - 6.2 units.
Sustainable development of organic farming like innovation element in the system of food security of the region
Authors: Kovaleva Irina , Kudinova Margarita , Shevchuk Natalya , Uvarova Elena
Published: February 2022

The ever-increasing interest in organic farming products on the part of consumers stimulates organic producers to expand their product range and search for new markets and distribution channels. Especially demanded organic products in European countries and the United States. Increased requirements for the production of organic matter presupposes the presence of certain conditions in terms of certification of lands, technologies and quality characteristics of organic products. This, in turn, requires a regulatory and legal framework at the state level, a certification system, including the rules and procedure for certification of land and products, organizations with the right to conduct accreditation procedures, pricing and possible preferences for small businesses and the private sector of the population. This will optimize the requirements for the phased passage of the certification procedure and serve as a stimulating element for attracting new producers of organic products. An equally important strategic problem is the organization of effective marketing channels for organic products. The relevance of food security and the availability of food are topical issues in Russia. In the agro-industrial multifaceted, issues related to low profitability of production, preservation of the genetic material of farm animals, and others have not been resolved. The main measures to increase the economic accessibility of food can be implemented through regional programs for sustainable development of country area One of the urgent problems of the world community is the development of organic farming and the formation of markets for organic products. At the same time, commodity differentiation of organic products and geographic segmentation are the main factors influencing the development of organic farming. The producers of organic products in Russia, as a rule, are small businesses. Development of organic farming is of particular importance for cross-border agro-oriented regions, since it contributes to the development of export activities and commodity diversification. For the Altai Territory, the development of organic farming makes it possible to effectively develop new areas of gastronomic and rural tourism.
Development of sustainable systems of food production of chopped semi-finished products
Authors: Alekseeva Y A , Khoroshailo T A , Bachinina K N , Martemyanova A A
Published: February 2022

Currently, the food industry is carried out with the use of food additives. Many world scientists are working on the formation of new nutritional supplements or improving existing supplements. There are nearly two thousand nutritional supplements around the world, and of course, there is a need to improve them. In the meat industry, additives developed according to their own recipe are used in the manufacture of products. The use of such additives depends on the purpose of the manufacturer. Skeptics argue that nutritional supplements are only needed to increase sales. The topic of the introduction of food additives, namely with a high content of vitamins, is very relevant in our time. Today, there is practically no food left, wherever nutritional supplements are used.
Intellectual assessment of staff sufficiency for innovative development of the sustainable regional agro-industrial complex
Authors: Lomazov V A , Yu Evsyukov D , Lomazova V A , Prokushev Ya E , Nesterova E V
Published: February 2022

The paper is devoted to the problems of assessment of staff sufficiency for regional economy agroindustrial sector’s innovative development. The proposed approach is based on the application of models and methods of expert assessment and digital intelligent technologies. The share of employees who are ready (professionally) to use innovations from the total number of employees was chosen as the main evaluation characteristic. At the same time, the indicators of staff sufficiency of subsystems and the sustainable regional agro-industrial complex as a whole are formed on the basis of statistical data provided by enterprises, expert judgments and knowledge about the subject area represented by a system of fuzzy production rules. The developed hierarchy of indicators reflects the structure of the regional agro-industrial complex (subcomplexes, reproduction and functional components, categories of enterprises). The transition to indicators of a higher tier of the hierarchy is realized based on the indicators of the previous tier, using weighted summation and/or fuzzy logical inference, which allows taking into account not only the relative importance of individual subsystems (components), but also the high level of uncertainty characteristic of the agro-industrial economy. At the same time, evaluation indicators of various tiers of the hierarchy can be used to make managerial decisions. Preliminary results of the application of the developed hierarchy of evaluation indicators of staffing of the sustainable regional agro-industrial complex and the proposed procedure for determining the values of these indicators may indicate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Collective intellectual property as a tool for the development of agro-industrial integration
Authors: Galkin D G
Published: February 2022

The search for a balance of interaction between large and small agricultural production is relevant. The possibilities for the development of small-scale commodity production, its competitiveness in the conditions of industrialization, are rather associated with the coverage of a non-industrial market segment. Large agricultural organizations, being system integrators, can also become integrators of small forms of cooperation, since they have significant resource potential and management experience. At the same time, a special role in directing agricultural holdings and large agricultural organizations to integration with small commodity producers should be assigned to the state. The article presents recommendations for the development of agro-industrial integration based on collective intellectual property. It has been suggested that agreements in the field of intellectual property can become instruments for the development of agro-industrial integration. They will strengthen integration processes, create an additional stream of income, and ensure the protection of competitive advantages. The types and advantages of collective intellectual property are highlighted. A universal algorithm for registration and use of collective trademarks is proposed. The results make some contribution to the theory of the development of agro-industrial integration. General scientific methods of studying economic phenomena are used.
Resource-saving perspectives of using sunflower stalks for the development of functional foods
Authors: Korshunova N A , Balanov P E , Smotraeva I V , Ivanchenko O B
Published: February 2022

The chemical composition of Heliánthus ánnuus sunflower stalks has been studied. A technology has been developed for obtaining an extract from a sunflower stalk The study determined the moisture content of raw material, mass fraction of easily hydrolyzable polysaccharides, mass fraction of hardly hydrolyzable polysaccharides, as well as the content of extractive substances and the content of tannins.
Innovative technology of food concentrates in the context of the development of a sustainable food system
Authors: Skripko O V
Published: February 2022

The key issues in the development of sustainable food systems are the issues of ensuring the food security of the state by providing the population with full-fledged food products that have a positive impact on human health. For the production of such products in the Far Eastern region of the Russian Federation, it is proposed to use soy grains obtained by traditional breeding methods, wild plants in the form of the Far Eastern fern and physiologically functional ingredients (ascorbic and succinic acids) in certain ratios. The conducted research allowed the method of mathematical modeling to substantiate the parameters of the technology for obtaining a protein component. The innovative technology provides for the use of a lipid bioactive component prepared on the basis of a blend of vegetable oils enriched with beta-carotene, which allows for a balanced fatty acid composition. The introduction of protein and fat components into the composition of the food concentrate “Mashed potatoes” makes it possible to enrich its composition with proteins, fats, dietary fibers, vitamins C, E, beta-carotene, as well as calcium and phosphorus.
A new approach to sustainable pork production through the use of innovations in feeding
Authors: Nikolaev D V , Slozhenkina M I , Gorlov I F , Komlatsky G V , Velichko V A , Danilov Yu V
Published: February 2022

The aim of the research was to assess the quality indicators of pork from two or three pedigree pig hybrids imported from Denmark during industrial feeding. 3 groups of piglets were formed, 20 heads each at the age of 2 months. In the course of the research, zootechnical, biochemical, physicochemical and mathematical methods of analysis were used. The resulting digital material was processed by the method of variational statistics, taking into account the Styudent’s confidence criterion, using the software package Mikrosoft Excel. It was found that the two and three breed hybrids were characterized by high gains in growth, and reached 100 kg of live weight earlier than pure breed analogs of the Landrace breed. Their carcasses also contained more muscle tissue by 1.0 and 1.7%, the ratio of muscle tissue to fat tissue was higher by 0.16 and 0.29%, respectively. Pork obtained from two and three breed hybrids contained more tryptophan and oxyproline in comparison with purebred animals which may indicate its greater biological value. Thus, meat raw materials obtained from two- and three-breed hybrids during industrial cultivation are leaner in comparison with purebred animals, which is preferable for food production.
Production of specialized protein dairy products
Authors: Serova O P , Razdolgina N S , Romazanov R A , Zhigalova N O , Mosolova N I , Fedotova G V
Published: February 2022

The article presents research on the development of production technology of specialized protein products - drinking cottage cheese and soft cheese with increased nutritional value and improved organoleptic characteristics. The recipe is worked out, the technological process of production is presented, and also organoleptic and physico-chemical estimation of samples of protein dairy products is carried out.
Impact of livestock production technology on ecology and environmental quality
Authors: Tserenov I V , Mosolov A A , Slozenkina M I , Buhtin A A , Fedotova A M , Mosolova N I , Yu Yuldashbaeva Z
Published: February 2022

The paper provides an overview of the existing problems associated with the use of feed antibiotics in agricultural sectors to stimulate productivity and prevent disease. The analysis of the main sources of antibiotics entering the human food chain is carried out, the main horizontal mechanisms of transfer of genes for resistance to microorganisms at the cellular level are investigated, main threats caused by the acquisition of antibiotic resistance by the population are systematized. The paper draws conclusions about the need for preventive work with agricultural producers and the population on the competent use of dosage forms of medical and veterinary drugs, on the need for active use in agricultural production of alternative pre-, pro-, phytopreparations. The main strategic directions of the World Health Organization for the fight against antibiotic resistance in the world at all levels of its manifestation were analyzed.
Ensuring the stability of milk production based on an individual approach to feeding lactating cows
Authors: Sukova S A , Barmina T N , Slozhenkina M I , Gorlov I F , Kaidulina A A , Frolova M V , Natyrov A K
Published: February 2022

The article presents the results of feeding dairy cows in loose housing according to detailed nutrition requirements, depending on milk productivity. Experimental research were conducted on basis of a dairy complex of farm enterprise «Donskoe», LLC, of Kalachevsky District of Volgograd Region. The number of cows on the farm enterprise was 2500 animals at the beginning of the experiment. The feeding diets are presented for each of the groups of cows, formed in accordance with the daily productivity, indicating the main elements of nutritional and energy value. The increase in the energy value of the ration provided an increase in milk productivity. Thus, the energy value of diets increased from 234.53 MJ of exchange energy for cows with a minimum productivity of 29 kg of milk per day (first group) to 302.47 MJ of metabolic energy for cows with a maximum milk productivity of 35 kg and more (third group). The dry matter content in the diet increased from 23.22 to 27.93 kg, crude protein – from 3406.70 to 4624.48 g, respectively. The number of highly productive cows increased by 16.1%, productivity increased by 11% due to the transition to differentiated feeding.
Producing of ecologically safe food raw materials based on new system of calf rearing
Authors: Radchikov V F , Sapsaleva T L , Besarab G V , Slozhenkina M I , Mosolov A A , Gorlov I F
Published: February 2022

The productivity and physiological state of young cattle in the post-dairy period were studied. The use of whole milk substitute in feeding calves contributed to the strengthening of metabolic processes in the animal body in the post-dairy period, as evidenced by an increase in the amount of volatile fatty acids in the scar fluid by 6.8%, total nitrogen - by 6.9% with a decrease in ammonia, as well as an increase in the number of red blood cells in the blood by 3.9%, hemoglobin - by 5.4%, glucose - by 5.1%, with an increase in the activity of ALT and AST enzymes by 5.6 and 6.2%. Feeding whole milk substitute and feed to young animals with a duration of the dairy period of 90 days contributes to an increase in average daily gains in the post-dairy period by 5.4%, while reducing the cost of growth by 4.4%, which allowed for an additional profit of 6.64 rubles (2.6 US dollars) per head during the research period.
Ensuring a sustainable milk production system with rational use of feed
Authors: Chuprina E G , Yurin D A , Yurina N A , Fedotova G V , Slozhenkina A A , Gorlov I F
Published: February 2022

The article discusses the results of studying the use of feed additives with a high degree of protein protection in feeding highly productive cows. These feed additives have fairly stable characteristics, contain a high volume of protected protein PassPro Soy - 69.33% and PassPro Balance 70.80%, respectively, have a high digestibility of organic matter PassPro Soy - 90.38% and PassPro Balance 86.57%. An increase in the milk productivity of cows by 8.4 and 5.1%, the amount of milk fat by 10.8 and 6.1%, and milk protein by 9.9 and 6.1% was established. An improvement in the physiological and biochemical status of cows in the experimental groups was established. Dry matter consumption increased by 3.3 and 1.2%. Profits from milk sales increased by 11.6% and 8.4%.
Applying of smart, robotic systems and big data processing in agro-industrial complex
Authors: Matvienko E V , Zolkin A L , Suchkov D K , Shichkin I A , Pomazanov V V
Published: February 2022

The article deals with creation and use of modern smart, robotic systems and technologies in the agro-industrial complex and assessment of their effectiveness at the present time, as well as of prospects for their future development. The introduction and use of modern digital, intelligent, robotic systems and technologies in the field, observing different crops, including determining the yield and its dependence on various varieties and other factors, is very relevant and necessary now both in global prospective and in in particular in our country. These systems are capable to solve multiple tasks: support in decision-making at the level of information in various sources; drawing up plans for agrotechnical operations; monitoring the state of crops and carrying out agrotechnical operations; calculation of crop yields and possible losses; plan, observe, and evaluate the use of agricultural machinery.
Agricultural robots for fruit harvesting in horticulture application
Authors: Barbashov N N , Shanygin S V , Barkova A A
Published: February 2022

For the development of the agricultural industry, the urgent task of designing robots capable of efficiently harvesting crops is being set. To do this, it is necessary to ensure the high quality of the algorithm of the computer vision system for determining the boundaries of fruits and the degree of their ripeness. Differences in weather conditions and illumination of a fruit tree have a significant impact on the operation of such an algorithm. It is shown that due to the introduction of neural networks into machine vision systems, the speed of fruit detection has significantly increased. The development of robots for harvesting fruits will allow replacing heavy physical labor of a person, as well as reducing the percentage of crop shortage.
Eco-engineering approach for color image processing determination of the number of hydrobionts and eggs on a flat surface
Authors: Kh Tazmeev B , Tsybulevsky V V
Published: February 2022

The number of objects (eggs) on a flat surface is determined. The method of processing color images in the MathCad software medium is applied. Using the “READRGB” operator, the constructed digital matrix of the image of caviar laid in one layer on a plain substrate is isolated. By applying the “submatrix” operator, the array area corresponding to one object (an egg) and the average size in pixels is determined. This method of determining the number of hydrobionts and eggs on the plane can be used to develop methods of technological record in such an area of agriculture as fish farming: planning the growth of fry, obtaining larvae during artificial reproduction, obtaining planting material for growing and feeding fish.
Simulation modeling for sustainable development of production activities of an agricultural enterprise under risk conditions
Authors: Zhupley I V
Published: February 2022

The study examines the problem of using the ideology of imitation modeling in the management of the agricultural enterprise under risk conditions; a schematic diagram of the simulation model of the company’s production activities is presented; basic requirements, postulates, properties, constructs and model equations. The proposed model is adapted to the branch specifics of agriculture; structural consists of several interconnected settlement blocks using an algorithm for determining the wealthy production. Formulated directions for further research: creating a simulation model program for a computer, extension and clarification of the constructs and equations of the model to account for regional specificity
Intelligent complex of monitoring and diagnostics of grape plantations
Authors: Kuznetsov P N , Kotelnikov D Y , Shchekin V Y , Koltsov A D , Kabankova E N
Published: February 2022

Agriculture is considered to be one of the most important sectors of the economy in different countries. Presently, this industry, is witnessing a transition to mass digitalization of business processes, which makes it possible to effectively implement elements of strategic development and proactive management. This problem solving requires the creation of advanced monitoring systems for agriculture. The authors have developed an automated complex for monitoring and diagnostics of vineyards based on the use of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and specialized software. The proposed solution makes it possible to assess the phytosanitary condition of the vineyard using the procedures of neural network classification of grape diseases based on leaves images. To perform the detection procedures, a neural network based on the Fast R-CNN architecture with the InceptionV2 learning algorithm was used. Preliminary testing results of the technology effectiveness have demonstrated that the accuracy of infected leaves is at least 91%, while using a training sample containing 2,500 images of both healthy and damaged leaves. The developed mathematical model showed that the complex is capable of monitoring up to 2.5 hectares of vineyard during daylight hours.
Rock mass and Earth’s surface movement during underground working of cryolithozone placers
Authors: Markov V S
Published: February 2022

The results of the researches on the processes of movement of rock mass and the Earth’s surface during underground working of alluvial mines in the cryolithozone are presented. Geologically, the area of the deposit is an alluvial placer. The productive seam is represented by pebble deposits. The cementitious composition of pebbles is clay, sand and ice. The thickness of the productive seam is on average 1.8 m. The average thickness of loose deposits is 30 m. The temperature of the rocks is minus 6-8°C. The moisture content of the rocks is 22%. Mine-field parameters: width - 50 m; length - 320 m; development depth - 30 m. Development system -pillar. Roof control - the collapse of the roof rocks onto the T-13K powered support. The first spontaneous roof caving occurred during a longwall face span 28 m from the contour of the mine-field. The beginning of the movement of Earth’s surface was noted at bottom hole deviation from the contour of the mine-field by 55 m 15 days after the first caving. During the development of the second half of the mine-field, the rates of maximum subsidence increased significantly, reaching in some cases 30 mm./day. An increase in the rate of subsidence of surface bench marks (12-18 mm/day) refers to secondary roof sediments. The following features of the rock mass movement have been established: the general deformation of the roof rocks begins at 2500 - 3000 m2, the angles of strike shift and across the strike of the mine-field are practically the same and fluctuate within 75-80° the maximum subsidence of the shift trough with full additional working is 0.75-1.0 m and is located in the middle of the mine-field.
Prevention of sulfuric acid pollution: intensification of metal leaching with organic acids
Authors: Abashina T N , Yachkula A A , Vainshtein M B
Published: February 2022

Hydrometallurgical mining of valuable and non-ferrous metals is traditionally accompanied by a large-scale pollution of the territories with sulfuric acid. This pollution is the global problem and requires the significant remediation costs. There are known some attempts to replace sulfuric and other strong inorganic acids with organic acids which could be easier utilized under natural conditions. However, this approach proved to be ineffective due to the weak leaching effect of organic acids. In our experiments on chemical leaching, we investigated leaching of nickel from low-grade silicate ores with a mixture of organic acids and persulfate. Organic acids ensured both the acidic reaction of the leaching solution while persulfate provided a short-term formation of persulfuric (peroxysulphuric) acid, which is the stronger leaching agent than sulfuric acid. In whole, experimental results showed that metal leaching can be intensified with application of organic acids.
Environmental problems of development and population safety in natural environment of Voronezh region
Authors: Krupko A E , Rogozina R E , Derevyagina M V , Shulgina L V , Shulgin A V
Published: February 2022

Ecological problems and peculiarities of nature use in Voronezh region as well as their influence on the region population are revealed in the paper. The results of long-term water use, use of agricultural land and chernozem soils, forest use in the region, the degree of their depletion and degradation, consequences of such nature use and peculiarities of formed environment of the population are shown.
Using the law of ecological diversity in stable ground covers formation in a megalopolis
Authors: Dovganyuk A I , Dovganyuk E S , Voskoboinikov Yu V , Panova M B
Published: February 2022

The paper presents the results of studying seeds germination capacity of two types clover and perennial ryegrass seeds under different concentrations extracts influence from the aerial part of perennial herbaceous plants. The data obtained indicate sustainable development possibility of the megalopolis territories when instead of lawns represented by traditional lawn grasses, stable ground covers formed from highly adaptive and characterized by increased competitive activity (allelopathic activity) of perennial herbaceous plants such as Ashweet (Aegopodium podagraria) and White dead nettle (Lamium album).
Distribution of cesium-137 in peat soil of a high-bog depending on the microrelief
Authors: Ivanov E D
Published: February 2022

Spatial heterogeneity of the distribution of cesium-137 in the upper part of the peat soil profile of the high-bog Sodrinskoe (Mshinskoe swamp nature preserve, Leningrad region, RF) has been established. The horizontal distribution of cesium-137 is significantly influenced by the surface microrelief. Concentration of radionuclide depends on whether the sample was taken in a hollow or from a nearby bump.
Improvement of the method of removing asphalt-resin-paraffin deposits to ensure the safety of technological processes
Authors: Khafizov I F , Muftakhova E D , Latypova T V
Published: February 2022

The article deals with the problems of removing asphalt-resin-paraffin deposits in oil wells. Improvement of the method of removing deposits with a solvent is proposed. The parameters of safe operation of oil wells due to the content of asphalt-resin-paraffin deposits were calculated in the framework of the established synergistic effect of the interaction of cavitation factors and non-polar chemical compounds, characterized by the fact that their combined action significantly increases the dissolving and washing ability of the solvent. A method for obtaining a solvent from a fraction of gas condensate with a high content of naphthenic hydrocarbons has been proposed and scientifically substantiated, the use of which ensures an increase in industrial safety during the operation of oil wells. By calculation, a decrease in the value of industrial risk at an oil well after the use of an asphalt-resin-paraffin deposits solvent obtained experimentally is shown.
Environmental safety approaches to solving the problem of waste disposal at livestock farms
Authors: Solonshickov P N , Pilip L V
Published: February 2022

The article discusses the main approaches to solving the problem of manure utilization. This is how theoretical approaches are considered through the definition of the annual output of pig manure in relation to the farms of the Kirov region. The authors made an attempt to apply an improved methodology for determining the annual output of manure, taking into account the age and sex group of animals, the number of days of the stall period, as well as with a possible forecast of the growth of the livestock. Also, the proposed methodology can be applied to other animal species, taking into account the known initial data, which, in turn, will help to resolve the issue of manure disposal. Also, the proposed methodology will allow not only at the design stage to determine the area for placing manure, but will also be useful for farms.
Research on the thermal impact on steel structures of tanks in case of fire
Authors: Popova E V , Sh Khafizov F , Gritsay G M , Gazizov A M
Published: February 2022

The article investigates the behavior of steel structures of tanks under the thermal impact from fire in the tank farm. Critical fracture temperatures of steel structures are described, the study and analysis of the behavior of steel metal (structure) of the tank under heat exposure and cooling with water. The experiments carried out during cooling will allow to choose the optimal time of exposure and surface-active substances that ensure the improvement of wetting.
Research on the reliability of automatic fire alarms and their impact on safety in refinery
Authors: Bakirov I K , Abdullin N A , Pavlova Z H
Published: February 2022

Safety of oil refineries (refineries) in the field of fire safety should be provided by the fire safety system, which, in accordance with regulatory legal acts, includes fire automation systems. Automatic fire alarm is the very first, responding to fire signals, installation of fire automation. At the same time, the unstable operation of automatic fire alarm and fire extinguishing systems destabilizes the operation of the automated control system, reducing the overall efficiency of the facility. In the article, a study and analysis of the causes of false positives of Automatic fire extinguishing systems at refineries and deaths during fires at refineries was conducted.
Protection of natural ecosystems using forest resources
Authors: Bulgakova M A
Published: February 2022

The modern conditions for the transformation of the national economy under the influence of the development of a green economy and digitalization create conditions for strengthening the impact of the existing ones and creating new threats to the environmental, economic and social security of the state. Global climate change and the adoption of public policies for the development of sustainable and balanced use of natural resources dictate the need to develop modern ways to improve the activities of law enforcement agencies to ensure the protection and protection of the natural ecosystems of the Russian Federation. The purpose of this study is to study the activities of the internal affairs bodies to ensure the environmental and economic security of the forest complex of Russia. During the study, the following methods were used: structural-logical analysis, non-participatory observation, methods of statistical grouping. As a result of the study, the author analyzed the dynamics of various indicators and individual measures that reflect the effectiveness of the internal affairs bodies in protecting and protecting forests. The proposed mechanism for countering threats to the environmental and economic security of forestry and industry by internal affairs bodies is comprehensive and practical. The use of the proposed tool will increase the effectiveness of public authorities in maintaining economic security and preserving forests as a natural resource.
The peculiarities of construction organizing of wind farms as a part of environmental engineering
Authors: Subbotin A S , Zharkov I G , Ratnikov I E
Published: February 2022

The growth of electricity consumers is pushing for the construction of new renewable energy sources. One of them is wind energy. The peculiarities of organizing the construction of wind farms are associated with the use of special construction technologies, new mechanisms, minimizing the negative impact on the environment and remoteness from infrastructure.
Green economy perspectives in Africa: technological and institutional potential
Authors: Kalinichenko L N , Matveeva N F , Morozenskaya E V
Published: February 2022

The article analyses the opportunities and forms of the national and regional ecological policy realization in Africa. Different ways of green technologies implementation in the spheres of climate smart agriculture, electricity provision, eco-industrial parks, blue economy projects are considered. Special attention is paid to targeted agroforestry and electricity programs as well as their practical use in African countries, including new farming and renewable energy methods. The ecological crisis overcoming with the help of green technologies development is accompanied by arising financial and social problems, such as aggravation of unemployment situation, depriving low-skilled workers and jobs. Solving the African problems dealing with green technologies introduction for reaching sustainable development is impossible without intensification of regional economic integration and international partnership.
The effect of a new protective-stimulating complex on the growth and development of spring wheat of the Ester variety under environmental stress
Authors: Trukhachev V I , Seregina I I , Belopukhov S L , Dmitrievskaya I I , Fomina T N , Zharkih O A , Zaitsev F I
Published: February 2022

In the research, the influence of protective-stimulating complexes on the growth and development of spring wheat plants of the Ester variety when grown in various water supply conditions was studied. The effect of protective-stimulating complexes of various compositions on the dynamics of biomass accumulation and assimilation surface of spring wheat plants under conditions of optimal water supply, drought and short-term waterlogging was studied. The negative effect of stressful conditions on wheat plants has been shown. A sharp change in the processes of accumulation of plant mass and photosynthetic surface of wheat plants was revealed. Under the conditions of exposure to waterlogging in the control variant, three stages of plant development can be noted: the accumulation of biomass before the onset of the stressor, positive dynamics during the stressor period and negative dynamics during the repair period. The use of protective and stimulating complexes of various compositions had a positive effect on the growth and development of wheat plants during the growing season. In the variants with the use of protective and stimulating complex (PSC) 1 and protective and stimulating complex 2, the following main stages can be noted: during the period of the stressor, there was a decrease in the area of the assimilation surface in the amount of about 20% of the initial state, however, during the repair period, the plants regained their original size and continued to grow, increasing the surface area by 50% and 70%, respectively. As a result, the increase in the area of the assimilation surface in plants of the variant with the use of protective and stimulating complex 1 was 40%, and in plants of the variant with the use of protective and stimulating complex 2 was 65%.