bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hydroa vacciniforme‐like lymphoproliferative disorder with eye involvement
Authors: Feng Xiwei , Li Fan , Zhang Yi , Wang Lin
Published: September 2021

Hydroa vacciniforme‐like lymphoproliferative disorder (HVLPD) is characterized by vesiculopapular eruptions on sun‐exposed and sometimes unexposed skin. Though ocular involvement in HVLPD is rare, it may present with conjunctivitis, corneal opacities, uveitis, and interstitial keratitis. We report a case of a 7‐year‐old boy with HVLPD, whose ophthalmic symptoms were neglected for over 2 years, who developed anterior uveitis and corneal nebulae without vision impairment. Awareness of eye involvement in patients with HVLPD may help to prevent severe complications.
A case of annular atrophic lichen planus in a child and review of the literature
Authors: Sears Samantha , Daftary Karishma , Burch Andrea , Todd Patricia
Published: September 2021

Lichen planus (LP) is an inflammatory disease affecting both adults and children that may present with numerous rare morphologies. LP and its many subtypes can prove difficult to treat and often leave patients with dyspigmentation. Additionally, pruritus associated with LP can be distressing to patients. The aim of this report is to highlight an uncommon subtype, annular atrophic lichen planus, which uniquely presented in a child, to emphasize the importance of early disease recognition and finally, to demonstrate successful treatment with topical monotherapy with clobetasol propionate ointment.
Henoch Schonlein purpura in pediatric patients with inflammatory bowel disease: A case series
Authors: Sheth Anjani P. , Vivar Karina L. , Wagner Annette M. , Kruse Lacey L.
Published: September 2021

Retrospective chart review was conducted to identify the clinical features of Henoch Schonlein purpura (HSP) in five children with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). All five children, four of which were on anti‐TNF therapies, experienced the onset of HSP after their IBD diagnosis. HSP averaged 20.8 months in duration. The patients in our cohort, particularly those on anti‐TNF therapy for inflammatory bowel disease, experienced chronic and recurrent courses of HSP.
The End of Explanation: Kant on the Unconditioned
Authors: Stratmann Joe
Published: September 2021

Human reason demands ultimate explanation; it demands a Because that admits of no further Because – something unconditioned. Pace dogmatic rationalist metaphysics, Kant concludes that theoretical reason must remain modest; it cannot know or cognize the existence of particular unconditioned entities (e.g. God or Leibnizian monads). The prevailing view goes even further; it maintains that theoretical reason cannot even know that something or other unconditioned exists. Yet I argue that Kant’s critique contains an ambitious conclusion: reason can know that something unconditioned exists among things in themselves, even if it cannot know which particular unconditioned entities exist. I reconstruct Kant’s argument for this ambitious conclusion. On my reconstruction, the argument turns on a key metaphysical assumption about things in themselves: that they are completely determinate. And far from undermining Kant's case for modesty, I suggest, this assumption partly underlies it.
“The More You Know”: Critical Historical Knowledge About Indian Residential Schools Increases Non‐Indigenous Canadians' Empathy for Indigenous Peoples
Authors: Neufeld Katelin H. S. , Starzyk Katherine B. , Boese Gregory D. , Efimoff Iloradanon H. , Wright Stephen
Published: September 2021

The pursuit of intergroup reconciliation often includes efforts to educate with the goal of fostering empathy. Yet little empirical evidence demonstrates whether and why greater knowledge might increase empathy. In this research, we investigated whether more critical historical knowledge about a harmed outgroup increases empathy for them, and we explored whether perceptions of privity, the extent to which a past harm continues to cause suffering today, account for this relationship. We tested these hypotheses in the context of non‐Indigenous Canadians' knowledge of Indian Residential Schools and attitudes about Indigenous Peoples across eight laboratory studies with 1242 non‐Indigenous undergraduate students at two Canadian universities. In two studies, participants completed a multiple‐choice measure of knowledge. In the remaining studies, we experimentally varied knowledge through brief educational interventions. All studies included measures of empathy, and five studies included measures of privity. Internal meta‐analyses indicated that participants with higher levels of critical historical knowledge felt more empathy for the outgroup because they could better see how past intergroup harms continue to cause suffering today. We discuss implications for social and political psychological theory and designing education for reconciliation interventions in Canada and elsewhere.
Maize resistance to northern corn leaf blight is potentiated by nickel
Authors: Oliveira Lillian M. , Araujo Marcela U. P. , Silva Bruno N. , Chaves Joicy A. A. , Pinto Luiz F. C. C. , Silveira Patricia R. , Ribeiro Dimas Mendes , Rodrigues Fabrício Á.
Published: September 2021

Northern corn leaf blight (NCLB), caused by Exserohilum turcicum, is one of the most devastating diseases affecting maize yield worldwide. A foliar spray of nickel (Ni) to potentiate maize resistance against NCLB was investigated by examining alterations in the photosynthetic apparatus (leaf gas exchange and chlorophyll [Chl] a fluorescence parameters), production of ethylene and reactive oxygen species as well as activities of defence and antioxidant enzymes. Mycelial growth of E. turcicum was inhibited by Ni in vitro. Inoculated plants sprayed with Ni exhibited higher foliar Ni concentration, reduced NCLB symptoms, and lower concentrations of malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide. In inoculated leaves of plants not sprayed with Ni, concentrations of Chl a, Chl b, and carotenoids were lower and the photosynthetic apparatus was impaired at the biochemical level due to high NCLB severity. The activities of antioxidant enzymes were not affected by Ni, except an increase in glutathione reductase activity for noninoculated plants sprayed with Ni. High lipoxygenase and polyphenoloxidase activities, lower ethylene production, as well as elevated production of phenolics and lignin helped decrease NCLB severity in the leaves of Ni‐sprayed plants.
Riemann–Hilbert problem and interactions of solitons in the ‐component nonlinear Schrödinger equations
Authors: Li Yuan , Tian Shou‐Fu , Yang Jin‐Jie
Published: September 2021

In this work, we systematically investigate the general‐component nonlinear Schrödinger equations by using the Riemann–Hilbert method. Starting from the Lax pair associated with anmatrix spectral problem, we construct a Riemann–Hilbert problem and obtain the compact‐soliton solutions formula expressed by determinants. Taking two‐components nonlinear Schrödinger equations as an example, this work detailedly analyzes its multisoliton solutions by means of parameters modulation. Many interesting new phenomena are displayed including elastic collision, soliton reflection, parallel propagation, time‐periodic propagation and (space, time)‐periodic propagation. In addition, the interactions between solitons from weak to strong are presented. Finally, some conjectures about the dynamical behaviors of‐soliton solutions are proposed. We hope that the present analysis would be useful for a better understanding of soliton interactions in related fields such as nonlinear optics, plasma physics, oceanography, and Bose–Einstein condensates.
On the relations between HEXACO agreeableness (versus anger) and honesty‐humility
Authors: Ashton Michael C. , Lee Kibeom
Published: September 2021

The HEXACO personality factors of Agreeableness‐versus‐Anger (A) and Honesty‐Humility (H) are interpreted as two complementary aspects of reciprocal altruistic tendency. Here we consider several ways of representing the positive associations between the defining traits of A and of H, through common factor analysis of self‐report HEXACO Personality Inventory—Revised (HEXACO‐PI‐R) facet scale scores (N≈ 111,000). We describe orthogonal solutions that differ in the extent to which H facets show secondary loadings on A (and vice versa), as well as an oblique solution compatible with a higher‐order “cooperativeness” factor. We discuss the psychological plausibility of these solutions, and we review research showing differential associations of several phenomena or outcomes with A and H. We conclude that the optimal representation of A/H trait associations is not yet known but that the value of separate A and H factor scales is well established.
The persistence of gendered dating
Authors: Lamont Ellen
Published: September 2021

The research on gendered dating demonstrates the remarkable staying power of the conventional norms that shape the practice. Heterosexual women and men rely on a proactive/reactive framework in which men take the lead and women respond. This is in spite of broad changes in patterns of relationship formation as well as increased commitment to egalitarian relationships which should conceivably shift how women and men date. Yet, as this review of the literature demonstrates, multiple challenges to these gendered expectations around dating, including a self‐development imperative and extended period of independence before marriage, hookup culture on college campuses, and online dating, have failed to sufficiently challenge these gendered scripts. Heterosexual men and women locked out of these normative practices by economic constraints and social inequalities continue to desire them and struggle to enact rather than transform them. Moving forward, research should focus on the conditions under which sustained change does occur given the implications for research on gender inequality more broadly.
The effect of sanctions on economic freedom
Authors: Lektzian David , Mkrtchian Gor
Published: September 2021

When states are targeted with sanctions, they may respond with alterations of their domestic economies meant to counter any negative effects of sanctions. In this article, we argue that these alterations tend to lead to increased state command of the economy and reduced economic freedom, as sanctions create opportunities and incentives that encourage target states and firms within them to pursue increased state control of the economy. These declines in economic freedom may come about through a number of causal mechanisms, several of which will be elaborated upon in this article. We use large‐N empirical analysis of all aspects of the Fraser Institute's Index of Economic Freedom and find that sanctions associate with reductions in most components of economic freedom.
Spatiotemporal regulation of JAZ4 expression and splicing contribute to ethylene‐ and auxin‐mediated responses in Arabidopsis roots
Authors: DeMott Logan , Oblessuc Paula R. , Pierce Alice , Student Joseph , Melotto Maeli
Published: September 2021

Jasmonic acid (JA) signaling controls several processes related to plant growth, development, and defense, which are modulated by the transcription regulator and receptor JASMONATE‐ZIM DOMAIN (JAZ) proteins. We recently discovered that a member of the JAZ family, JAZ4, has a prominent function in canonical JA signaling as well as other mechanisms. Here, we discovered the existence of two naturally occurring splice variants (SVs) of JAZ4 in planta, JAZ4.1 and JAZ4.2, and employed biochemical and pharmacological approaches to determine protein stability and repression capability of these SVs within JA signaling. We then utilized quantitative and qualitative transcriptional studies to determine spatiotemporal expression and splicing patterns in vivo, which revealed developmental‐, tissue‐, and organ‐specific regulation. Detailed phenotypic and expression analyses suggest a role of JAZ4 in ethylene (ET) and auxin signaling pathways differentially within the zones of root development in seedlings. These results support a model in which JAZ4 functions as a negative regulator of ET signaling and auxin signaling in root tissues above the apex. However, in the root apex JAZ4 functions as a positive regulator of auxin signaling possibly independently of ET. Collectively, our data provide insight into the complexity of spatiotemporal regulation of JAZ4 and how this impacts hormone signaling specificity and diversity in Arabidopsis roots.
Real‐time tracking of root hair nucleus morphodynamics using a microfluidic approach
Authors: Singh Gaurav , Pereira David , Baudrey Stéphanie , Hoffmann Elise , Ryckelynck Michael , Asnacios Atef , Chabouté Marie‐Edith
Published: September 2021

Root hairs (RHs) are tubular extensions of root epidermal cells that favour nutrient uptake and microbe interactions. RHs show a fast apical growth, constituting a unique single cell model system for analysing cellular morphodynamics. In this context, live cell imaging using microfluidics recently developed to analyze root development is appealing, although high‐resolution imaging is still lacking to enable an investigation of the accurate spatiotemporal morphodynamics of organelles. Here, we provide a powerful coverslip based microfluidic device (CMD) that enables us to capture high resolution confocal imaging of Arabidopsis RH development with real‐time monitoring of nuclear movement and shape changes. To validate the setup, we confirmed the typical RH growth rates and the mean nuclear positioning previously reported with classical methods. Moreover, to illustrate the possibilities offered by the CMD, we have compared the real‐time variations in the circularity, area and aspect ratio of nuclei moving in growing and mature RHs. Interestingly, we observed higher aspect ratios in the nuclei of mature RHs, correlating with higher speeds of nuclear migration. This observation opens the way for further investigations of the effect of mechanical constraints on nuclear shape changes during RH growth and nuclear migration and its role in RH and plant development.
Tribute 2
Authors: Gayle Rita
Published: September 2021

This tribute was written as I reflected on losing my mother while BLM and COVID‐19 unfolded during the summer of 2020.
Accuracy of a drilling with a custom 3D printed guide or free‐hand technique in canine experimental sacroiliac luxations
Authors: McCarthy Daniel A. , Granger L. Abbigail , Aulakh Karanvir S. , Gines J. Alberto
Published: September 2021

Objective

To improve the accuracy of drilling during the repair of sacroiliac luxations (SILs) with a 3D‐printed patient‐specific drill guide (3D‐GDT) compared to free‐hand drilling technique (FHDT).

Study design

Blinded, randomized, prospective ex vivo study.

Sample population

Sixteen canine cadavers (20–25 kg).

Methods

Dorsal, bilateral SILs were created. Pelvic CT was performed pre‐ and post‐drilling. The FHDT was drilled followed by 3D‐GDT. CT and 3D measurements of craniocaudal and dorsoventral angles were compared between FHDT and 3D‐GDT, as well as deviations of entry and exit points relative to optimal trajectory.

Results

Mean craniocaudal and dorsoventral angles for both CT‐ and 3D‐measured 3D‐GDT (CT 4.2 ± 3.9° and 3.9 ± 3.2°, respectively; 3D 5.1 ± 5.1° and 2.8 ± 2.3°, respectively p = .0006) were lower compared to FHDT (CT 11.8 ± 4.0°, p < .0001 and 8.9 ± 6.1°, p = .01; 3D 12.4 ± 5.9°, p = .0006 and 5.3 ± 5.24°, p = .05). Entry dorsoventral and end craniocaudal, dorsoventral, and 3D linear deviations were reduced with 3D‐GDT. Sacral corridor disruption was present in 20% (3/15) for FHDT compared with 0% for 3D‐GDT. CT and 3D analyses were in strong agreement (r = 0.77).

Conclusion

Deviations of drill trajectories were minimized relative to optimal trajectories with 3D‐GDT compared to FHDT in the dorsoventral and craniocaudal planes.

Clinical significance

The use of 3D‐GDT improves accuracy of sacral drilling compared with FHDT in canine cadavers. These results justify further evaluation in a clinical, prospective study.
The pinna composite flap for wound reconstruction in a dog
Authors: Price Janessa B. , Wood Christopher J. , Liptak Julius M.
Published: September 2021

Objective

To report the surgical technique and outcome of the use of a pinna composite flap for reconstruction of a wound defect following wide surgical resection of a mast cell tumor.

Animals

A 4‐year‐old female spayed golden doodle.

Study Design

Clinical case report.

Methods

A dog with a histologically confirmed cutaneous mast‐cell tumor at the base of the ear was treated with a wide surgical resection, including total ear canal ablation and lateral bulla osteotomy. The defect could not be closed primarily and, as a result, the defect was reconstructed with a composite pinna flap.

Results

Partial avascular necrosis of the distal aspect of the composite flap required debridement and closure 13 days after the initial surgery. The flap was fully healed at 27 days postoperatively. The dog had facial nerve paralysis, which had not resolved by 45 weeks postoperatively.

Conclusion

The surgical technique described in this report is novel. The use of the pinna as a composite flap is a novel reconstructive option for dorsal and dorsolateral head wounds.
Effectiveness of a synthetic human recombinant epidermal growth factor in diabetic patients wound healing: Pilot, double‐blind, randomized clinical controlled trial
Authors: Oliveira Bianca Campos , de Oliveira Beatriz Guitton Renaud Baptista , Deutsch Gabriela , Pessanha Fernanda Soares , de Castilho Selma Rodrigues
Published: September 2021

To investigate whether the addition of human recombinant epidermal growth factor (h‐EGF) to 2% carboxymethyl cellulose gel is more effective in diabetic wound healing than standard treatment, a pilot, double‐blind, randomized and controlled clinical trial with therapeutic intervention was performed at a university hospital. The sample consisted of 25 patients (14 in the intervention group that used rh‐EGF and 11 in the control group that used 2% carboxymethyl cellulose gel). Data were tabulated in SPSS and analysed by intention to treat, without loss or exclusion of participants. Twenty‐five subjects participated with a mean age of 60.6 years, a predominance of males in both groups and 100% prevalence of type‐2 diabetes. Within 12 weeks, complete wound healing occurred in three ulcers in the intervention group versus one ulcer in the control group. The percent reduction in the wound area was significantly higher in the intervention group than in the control group (p = 0.049). Concerning the types of tissue, an increase in granulation and epithelial tissue and a reduction in exudate levels were observed in both groups. Decreased slough occurred only in the intervention group. No participant experienced serious or local adverse events during the study period. This study shows that h‐EGF is effective, with a statistically significant reduction in wound area, improvement of tissue quality, and safe treatment of chronic wounds. In addition, this study demonstrated that blinding of participants during research using h‐EGF is feasible.
A Relationship between Coronavirus Publications and Coronavirus-Related Infectious Diseases
Authors: Chiu Wen-Ta , Vega-Arce Maribel , Ho Yuh-Shan
Published: September 2021

Editorial.
Evaluating the YMCA Move for Health Program in Individuals With Osteoarthritis and Assessing Maintenance During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Neudorf Bobby , Hughes Crystal , Ellis Courtney , Neudorf Richard , Weston Zach , Middleton Laura
Published: September 2021

Osteoarthritis is the most common condition to co-occur with other chronic health conditions and a broad exercise program on management of chronic conditions may be suitable for this group. This study evaluated the 12-week YMCA Move for Health exercise program among adults with osteoarthritis or with/at risk of chronic health conditions using a mixed-methods study design based on the reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation, and maintenance (RE-AIM) framework. Participants (n = 66) completed the exercise program at the YMCAs in Cambridge, Kitchener, and Waterloo. Assessments included physical function, health-related quality of life, symptoms of arthritis, and physical activity levels and were conducted at baseline (B), postprogram (PP), and 3-month postprogram. Due to interruption by COVID-19, a subgroup of participants completed the 3-month postprogram assessments after the onset of the pandemic. At PP, participants with OA showed significant improvements in level of disability (B = 0.63 ± 0.45 and PP = 0.55 ± 0.47; p = .049), pain (B = 4.3 ± 2.5 and PP = 3.6 ± 2.4; p = .026), fatigue (B = 3.9 ± 3.1 and PP = 2.8 ± 2.6; p = .003), and several domains related to health-related quality of life. Despite interruption by the COVID-19 pandemic and poor maintenance of physical activity levels, nearly all improvements related to level of disability, symptoms of arthritis, and health-related quality of life observed at PP were maintained 3-months postprogram. The Move for Health program proved to be a feasible and effective community program for people with osteoarthritis. Additional supports may be needed to maintain physical activity levels after the program.
National Collegiate Athletic Association Athletic Departments’ Mental Health Screening Practices: Who, What, When, and How
Authors: Drew Megan , Petrie Trent A. , Palmateer Tess
Published: September 2021

College student athletes face unique, sport-related stressors that may lead to, or exacerbate, mental health (MH) concerns and symptoms. Although the National Collegiate Athletic Association has identified MH screening as a best practice, minimal data exist regarding contemporary screening practices. We explored National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I (DI), Division II (DII), and Division III (DIII) athletic departments’ current MH screening practices (N = 264). Compared with DII/DIII (53%), a greater percentage of Division I (89%) conducted formal MH screening. At DII/DIII institutions, athletic trainers were more likely to both administer and review screeners than any other sports medicine professional; sport psychologists primarily oversaw these tasks at DI schools. DI, compared with DII/DIII, institutions were more likely to have had a student athlete attempt suicide (62% vs. 40%) and participate in inpatient treatment (69% vs. 43%). There is a clear need for the National Collegiate Athletic Association to continue to promote policies that support MH screening and to create mechanisms in which it can monitor institutional involvement.
Examining the Impact of Gym Closures Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic on Combat Sport Athletes’ Mental Health
Authors: Levy Jacob J. , Tarver Terrance L. , Douglas Hannah R.
Published: September 2021

Changes in exercise behavior and negative emotional states (i.e., depression, anxiety, and stress) in combat sport (e.g., boxing, wrestling, martial arts) athletes were examined the month prior to gym closures related to the COVID-19 pandemic (February 2020), and approximately 1 month following gym closures (May 2020). A total of 312 combat sport athletes from 33 different countries responded to the study solicitation. Results indicated a significant decrease in combat sport training following gym closures; however, participation in other exercise activities did not significantly change. Significant mean increases in depression, anxiety, and stress were found following combat gym closures. Regression analyses revealed that number of hours of participants participated in combat sport training added significant incremental variance explained in depressive and stress symptoms above and beyond that accounted for by sex differences, preexisting conditions, and training level. Practical implications regarding losses to preferred exercise activities are discussed.
Strides to Achieve a Stable Symmetry Index During Running
Authors: Murphy Shane P. , Barrons Zach B. , Smith Jeremy D.
Published: September 2021

Context: The quality of running mechanics is often characterized by limb pattern symmetry and used to support clinical decisions throughout the rehabilitation of lower-extremity injuries. It is valuable to ensure that gait analyses provide stable measures while not asking an individual to complete an excessive number of running strides. The present study aimed to determine the minimum number of strides required to establish a stable mean symmetry index (SMSI) of discrete-level measures of spatiotemporal parameters, joint kinematics, and joint kinetics. Further, the study aimed to determine if differences occurred between random and consecutive strides for directional and absolute symmetry indices. Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Methods: A sequential average was used to determine how many strides were required to achieve a SMSI within a 60-second trial. Multiple 2-factor repeated-measure analysis of variances were used to determine if differences between bins of strides and symmetry calculations were significantly different. Results: A median SMSI was achieved in 15 strides for all biomechanical variables. There were no significant differences (P > .05) found between consecutive and random bins of 15 strides within a 60-second trial. Although there were significant differences between symmetry calculation values for most variables (P < .05), there appeared to be no systematic difference between the numbers of strides required for stable symmetry for either index. Conclusions: As 15 strides were sufficient to achieve a SMSI during running, a continued emphasis should be placed on the number of strides collected when examining interlimb symmetry.
“I Can’t Because I Am a Man”: Masculinity, Manhood, and Gender Equality in Sport for Development
Authors: Soares Moura Eva
Published: September 2021

Despite the growing body of feminist research investigating the relationship between sports initiatives and gender development goals, the literature to date has almost exclusively focused on female participation within sport for development programs. The purpose of this paper is to examine men’s behavior and provide novel insights into the perspectives and roles of men in sport for development work. This paper draws upon 11 months of ethnographic research undertaken between 2017 and 2018 in two organizations in São Paulo, Brazil, which use football as a tool to empower women. The findings reveal the diversity of roles men play in gender equality efforts and indicate issues men face, specifically the impact of ideas of manhood that hinder their ability to support broader social justice. The author ends the paper by outlining the necessity to explore masculinity and manhood in more depth to broaden the current understandings of the limitations and potential of sport for development initiatives to change the traditional model of male dominance and, consequently, have a more profound effect on gender equality.
The LFU ratio $$R_\pi $$ in the Standard Model and beyond
Authors: Bordone Marzia , Cornella Claudia , Isidori Gino , König Matthias
Published: September 2021

We discuss the possibility of performing precise tests of $$\mu /e$$

μ
/
e

universality in $$B \rightarrow \pi \ell ^+\ell ^-$$

B
→
π

ℓ
+

ℓ
-

decays. We show that in wide regions of the dilepton invariant mass spectrum the ratio between muonic and electronic decay widths can be predicted with high accuracy, both within and beyond the Standard Model. We present numerical expressions which can be used to extract precise information on short-distance dynamics if a deviation from universality is observed in the data.
Minimally deformed anisotropic stars by gravitational decoupling in Einstein–Gauss–Bonnet gravity
Authors: Maurya S. K. , Pradhan Anirudh , Tello-Ortiz Francisco , Banerjee Ayan , Nag Riju
Published: September 2021

In this article, we develop a theoretical framework to study compact stars in Einstein gravity with the Gauss–Bonnet (GB) combination of quadratic curvature terms. We mainly analyzed the dependence of the physical properties of these compact stars on the Gauss–Bonnet coupling strength. This work is motivated by the relations that appear in the framework of the minimal geometric deformation approach to gravitational decoupling (MGD-decoupling), we establish an exact anisotropic version of the interior solution in Einstein–Gauss–Bonnet gravity. In fact, we specify a particular form for gravitational potentials in the MGD approach that helps us to determine the decoupling sector completely and ensure regularity in interior space-time. The interior solutions have been (smoothly) joined with the Boulware–Deser exterior solution for 5D space-time. In particular, two different solutions have been reported which comply with the physically acceptable criteria: one is the mimic constraint for the pressure and the other approach is the mimic constraint for density. We present our solution both analytically and graphically in detail.
Observability of zero-angular-momentum sources near Kerr black holes
Authors: Yan Haopeng , Guo Minyong , Chen Bin
Published: September 2021

We revisit monochromatic and isotropic photon emissions from the zero-angular-momentum sources (ZAMSs) near a Kerr black hole. We investigate the escape probability of the photons that can reach to infinity and study the energy shifts of these escaping photons, which could be expressed as the functions of the source radius and the black hole spin. We study the cases for generic source radius and black hole spin, but we pay special attention to the near-horizon (near-)extremal Kerr ((near-)NHEK) cases. We reproduce the relevant numerical results using a more efficient method and get new analytical results for (near-)extremal cases. The main non-trivial results are: in the NHEK region of a (near-)extremal Kerr black hole, the escape probability for a ZAMS tends to $$\frac{7}{24}\approx 29.17\%$$

7
24

≈
29.17
%

, independent of the NHEK radius; at the innermost of the photon shell (IPS) in the near-NHEK region, the escape probability for a ZAMS tends to $$\begin{aligned} \frac{5}{12} -\frac{1}{\sqrt{7}} + \frac{2}{\sqrt{7}\pi }\arctan \frac{1}{\sqrt{7}}\approx 12.57\% . \end{aligned}$$

5
12

-

1

7

+

2

7

π

arctan

1

7

≈
12.57
%
.
INVITED POLICY ECONOMICS PAPER — ECONOMICS IN ASIA 1995–2020
Authors: MOELLER JOERGEN OERSTROEM
Published: September 2021

Over the last 25 years, Asia’s economic rise has been extraordinary. Its share of global gross domestic product (GDP) has risen from 5.8% to 22.9%. 1 The first phase of high economic growth — up to 1995 — saw Asia enter the global supply chain primarily with labor-intensive/low-cost manufacturing. Domestic consumption was a fairly low share of GDP; Asia was manufacturing mainly for consumption in the US and Europe. As such, it was primarily a rule-taker. In the second phase — from 1995 to 2020 — it gradually turned into an economic force joining the US and Europe in shaping the global economy, exercising significant influence upon the value chain, the cycles of the global economy, transport and logistics, the global capital markets and consumption patterns (consumer preferences and tastes). While not yet among the leading rule-makers, it had become difficult for policymakers (public and private) to make decisions without Asia’s consent. To form an opinion of today’s emerging third phase — post 2020 — the intriguing question is whether the Asian countries have adopted what may be termed Anglo-American economic thinking (basically, the primacy of the market). Or whether behind the curtain, the Asian economy works in its own way diverging from the American and British economic schools. Since demographics and sheer economic scale mean that Asia will dominate the global economy in the years to come, the nature of the Asian economy will be of crucial importance for the future global economy. The conclusion of this paper is that “Asia” in many respects differs — and fundamentally so — from market economy principles. How this prospect should be interpreted is also evolving, as circumstances change. Certainly, the repercussions of COVID-19 have not been the same in the US, Europe, East Asia and South Asia — and this may suggest that socio-political structures have a stronger impact on economic outcomes than economic theory teaches, thus calling into question the global validity of market economy principles.
The multi-triple-pole solitons for the focusing mKdV hierarchy with nonzero boundary conditions
Authors: Weng Weifang , Yan Zhenya
Published: September 2021

In this paper, the general triple-pole multi-soliton solutions are proposed for the focusing modified Korteweg–de Vries (mKdV) equation with both nonzero boundary conditions (NZBCs) and triple zeros of analytical scattering coefficients by means of the inverse scattering transform. Furthermore, we also give the corresponding trace formulae and theta conditions. Particularly, we analyze some representative reflectionless potentials containing the triple-pole multi-dark-anti-dark solitons and breathers. The idea can also be extended to the whole mKdV hierarchy (e.g. the fifth-order mKdV equation, and third-fifth-order mKdV equation) with NZBCs and triple zeros of analytical scattering coefficients. Moreover, these obtained triple-pole solutions can also be degenerated to the triple-pole soliton solutions with zero boundary conditions.
A 2.4 GHz 87 μW low-noise amplifier in 65 nm CMOS for IoT applications
Authors: Wu Jingwei , Guo Benqing , Wang Huifen , Liu Haifeng , Li Lei , Zhou Wanting
Published: September 2021

As the Bluetooth devices for the internet of things require extremely low-power dissipation to maintain longer battery life, a low-noise amplifier (LNA) as the main power-consuming part in the circuit needs more current-efficient topologies on power saving. This paper proposes a low-noise transconductance amplifier that combines the techniques of passive impendence transformation, [Formula: see text]-boosting technique, and current reuse, leading to a low power under the 1.2 V power supply. The transformer-based [Formula: see text]-boosted structure is applied in the four-transistor-stacked current-reuse topology leading to a [Formula: see text] power saving. The proposed LNA simulated in 65 nm CMOS shows the NF of 3.3 dB and the IIP3 of −8 dBm, respectively, while dissipating 87 [Formula: see text]W dc power. Compared to the previous low-power LNA, this design has fairly low-power consumption and low NF while other performance metrics remain competitive.
An Artifact-based Simulation Method for Teaching Intellectual Property Management in an Innovation and Entrepreneurship Course
Authors: Liu T. W. , Sun Hongyi , Fung Walter S. L.
Published: September 2021

Intellectual Property (IP) protection and management is the base of an entrepreneurship ecosystem. However, how to teach IP management is a relatively new topic in Asian universities. This paper reports a simulation method for teaching IP management and its impact on student learning motivation and behavior. This method uses a computer-aided software system and random-generated artefacts to simulate new product idea, execute patent trading and coordinate student teams to compete among each other while executing an IP management strategy. The project was implemented in two universities in Hong Kong in the past three years. It is found that the simulation system is quite effective in implementing action-based learning, increasing attention, and motivating students to practice more interactive learning and teamwork. It is also found that artefacts in the simulation system help competing teams to converge group thinking, induce the follow-up group actions promptly, and at the same time develop peer support and interactions for problem solving.
Filtrations on block subalgebras of reduced enveloping algebras
Authors: Ionov Andrei , Pentland Dylan
Published: September 2021

We study the interaction between the block decompositions of reduced enveloping algebras in positive characteristic, the Poincaré-Birkhoff-Witt (PBW) filtration, and the nilpotent cone. We provide two natural versions of the PBW filtration on the block subalgebra [Formula: see text] of the restricted universal enveloping algebra [Formula: see text] and show these are dual to each other. We also consider a shifted PBW filtration for which we relate the associated graded algebra to the algebra of functions on the Frobenius neighborhood of [Formula: see text] in the nilpotent cone and the coinvariants algebra corresponding to [Formula: see text]. In the case of [Formula: see text] in characteristic [Formula: see text] we determine the associated graded algebras of these filtrations on block subalgebras of [Formula: see text]. We also apply this to determine the structure of the adjoint representation of [Formula: see text].
On the Effect of k Values and Distance Metrics in KNN Algorithm for Android Malware Detection
Authors: Şahin Durmuş Özkan , Akleylek Sedat , Kılıç Erdal
Published: September 2021

There is a remarkable increase in mobile device usage in recent years. The Android operating system is by far the most preferred open-source mobile operating system around the world. Besides, the Android operating system is preferred in many devices on the Internet of Things (IoT) devices are used in many areas of daily life. Smart cities, smart environment, health, home automation, agriculture, and livestock are some of the usage areas. Health is one of the most frequently used areas. Since the Android operating system is both the widely used operating system and open-source, the vast majority of malware released on the market is now designed for Android platforms. Therefore, devices using the Android operating system are under serious threat. In this study, a system that detects malware on Android operating systems based on machine learning is proposed. Besides, feature vectors are created with permissions that have an important place in the security of the Android operating system. Feature vectors created using the k-nearest neighbor algorithm (KNN), one of the machine learning techniques, are given as input to this algorithm, and a classification of malicious software and benign software is provided. In the KNN algorithm, the k value and the distance metric used to find the closest sample directly affect the classification performance. In addition, the study examining the parameters of the KNN algorithm in detail in permission-based studies is limited. For this reason, the performance of the malware detection system is presented comparatively using five different k values and five different distance metrics under different data sets. When the results are examined, it is observed that higher classification performances are obtained when values such as 1, 3 are given to k and metrics such as Euclidean and Minkowski are chosen instead of the Chebyshev distance metric.
Epigenetic Silencing of SOX15 Is Controlled by miRNAs rather than Methylation in Papillary Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Ozaydin Ahmet , Soysal Aysegul , Seyhan Betul , Arikan Soykan , Dalay Nejat , Buyru Nur
Published: September 2021

Object. Thyroid cancer (TC) is a rare type of cancer which occurs as a result of environmental and genetic factors. Although different types of genetic and epigenetic changes are associated with TC, the molecular mechanism still remains unclear. SRY-box transcription factor 15 (SOX15) is an important transcription factor, and its expression is altered in many cancer types by epigenetic modifications. Recently, miR-147b overexpression has been associated with SOX15 silencing in TC. Methods. In this study, qRT-PCR was used to investigate the expression levels of the SOX15 gene and of miR-182, miR-183, miR-375, and miR-96 in thyroid tumors and adjacent noncancerous tissues. We also investigated the methylation status of the SOX15 promoter by methylation-specific PCR in tumors and adjacent noncancerous tissues. Results. We observed a statistically significant downregulation of SOX15 expression in tumors compared to noncancerous tissue samples. The methylation levels of tumors and matched noncancerous tissues were similar, but miR-182, miR-183, and miR-375 expression levels were elevated in tumor tissues compared to noncancerous tissue samples. Conclusions. Our results indicate that SOX15 gene expression is associated with the pathogenesis of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), and the epigenetic control of the SOX15 gene is regulated by miRNAs rather than by promoter methylation.
Research on Performance Prediction of Technological Innovation Enterprises Based on Deep Learning
Authors: Liu Huan
Published: September 2021

High‐tech enterprises are the leaders in promoting economic development. The study of the relationship between their scientific and technological innovation capabilities and corporate performance is of far‐reaching practical significance for guiding companies to formulate independent innovation strategies scientifically, improving their independent innovation capabilities, and promoting further transformation into an innovative country. In view of the large‐scale technological innovation enterprise network, the traditional technological innovation enterprise performance prediction method cannot fully reflect the real‐time technological innovation enterprise status. Aiming at the deficiencies of the existing short‐term technology innovation enterprise forecasting methods, this paper proposes a technology innovation enterprise performance forecasting method based on deep learning. I analyze the temporal and spatial characteristics of the data of technological innovation enterprises and divide the data according to the temporal characteristics of technological innovation enterprises. According to the spatial relevance of technological innovation enterprises, grouping is carried out by setting different correlation coefficient thresholds. The method of spectral decomposition is used to divide the data of scientific and technological innovation enterprises into trend items and random fluctuation items, to decompose the matrix of scientific and technological innovation enterprises, and to construct a compressed matrix using correlation. Using the deep belief network model in deep learning combined with support vector regression to establish a prediction model for technological innovation enterprises, this paper proposes a convolutional neural network model for performance prediction of scientific and technological innovation enterprises. Through the convolution operation and subsampling operation based on the concept of local window, the feature learning from the local to the whole is completed. This article uses the Naive Bayes model, logistic regression model, support vector regression model, and other mainstream methods to predict and compare the performance of technological innovation enterprises. I use the dropout method to reduce the impact of overfitting during training. The experimental results show that the deep neural network model method used in this article can achieve better prediction results than mainstream methods under the same characteristics. The experimental results on the data set confirm that the method of performance prediction of technology innovation enterprises based on deep learning used in this paper can effectively improve the results of performance prediction of technology innovation enterprises.
Research on Quantization Error Influence of Millimeter-Wave Phased Array Antenna
Authors: Yang Haigen , Zhu Linqun , Xia Zhun , Chen Yanqing , Dai Luohao , Xu Ruotian , Chen YuanHao , Li Luyang , Sun GuiYing , Yu Hongyang , Xu Wenting
Published: September 2021

The millimeter-wave phased array antenna is a higher integration system that is composed of different subarray modules, and in actual engineering, the existing amplitude, phase errors, and structural errors will change the performance of the array antenna. This paper studies the influence of the random amplitude and phase errors of the antenna array in the actual assembly process and the actual position errors between the subarrays on the electrical performance of the antenna. Based on the planar rectangular antenna array-electromagnetic coupling model, we propose a method of verifying the effect of random errors on the phased array antenna. The simulation result shows that the method could obtain the critical value of the error generated by the antenna subarray during processing and assembly. To reduce the error factor, it is necessary to ensure that the random phase and amplitude error should not exceed

10

°

,
0.5
 
dB

. The error in the X-direction during assembly should be

≤
0.05
λ

, and the error in the Y-direction should be

≤
0.1
λ

. When symmetrical deformation occurs, the maximum deformation should be less than

0.05
λ

.
Phenolic Compounds of Rumex roseus L. Extracts and Their Effect as Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activities
Authors: Saoudi Mohamed Marouane , Bouajila Jalloul , Alouani Khaled
Published: September 2021

Rumex roseus L. (R. roseus) is acknowledged as an aromatic plant. For its excellent biological properties, it was used as a traditional medicine. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the chemical components and their effect as the biological activities of Tunisian extracts of R. roseus. Consecutive extractions by cold maceration of the aerial part with solvents of increasing polarity (cyclohexane (CYH), dichloromethane (DCM), and methanol (MeOH)) were performed, and the different chemical groups (phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, anthocyanins, etc.) were identified. In addition, the volatile compounds of the obtained extracts were identified before and after derivatization. Moreover, their antioxidant and anticancer activities were evaluated. The analysis of HPLC‐DAD revealed the identification of 18 components from organic extracts, among them are, for example, chlorogenic acid and shikonin, while GC‐MS analysis allowed the detection of 34 volatile compounds. Some of those compounds were identified for the first time in plant extracts such as pyrazolo[3,4‐d] pyrimidine‐3,4(2H,5H)‐dione (1); L‐proline (16); 2‐amino‐3‐hydroxybutanoic acid (19); L‐(‐)‐arabitol (23); D‐(‐)‐fructopyranose (25); and D‐(+)‐talopyranose (27). DPPH tests revealed that the most important antioxidant activity was found in the methanolic extract with 75.2% inhibition at 50 mg/L and that the highest cytotoxic activity against HCT‐116 and MCF‐7 was recorded in the dichloromethane extract with 62.1 and 80.0% inhibition at 50 mg/L, respectively. The biological activities were fully correlated with the chemical composition of the different extracts. So, we can suggest that R. roseus is a source of bioactive molecules that could be considered potential alternatives for use in dietary supplements for the prevention or treatment of diseases.
Design and Application of Science and Technology Project Management Information System for Educational Institutes
Authors: Liu Jinhua , Wang Caiping , Xiao Xianchun
Published: September 2021

This paper analyzes the user needs of the scientific research project management system, expounds the feasibility of information system development, and analyzes the business needs combined with the reality of scientific research project management. In the system level design, combined with the demand analysis of the information system function, the system module is developed in a hierarchical way. The whole system is divided into four layers: (i) core business layer; (ii) data access interface layer; (iii) neighborhood object layer; (iv) data platform. The specific functions include three various modules, i.e., scientific research project information management module, research achievement management module, and scientific research information portal module. In the system software part, the attribute encryption method is used to effectively encrypt the information of scientific and technological projects and to protect the safe sharing of scientific and technological information in colleges and universities. Finally, we look at the limitations of conducting high-quality design-science research in the context of the larger information system community. The experimental results show that the system can perform the corresponding functions effectively, and the data reading integrity is high, which can meet the requirements of the university science and technology project information management.