bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ ВИРТУАЛЬНОЙ И ДОПОЛНЕННОЙ РЕАЛЬНОСТИ В ТУРИЗМЕ
Authors: Шахбиев Д.О.-Х. , Агаев М.В.
Published: August 2024

Туризм выполняет важные социально-экономические функции, он участвует в поддержании высокого уровня жизни населения, т.к. отражается на повышении уровня экономики и эмоциональном состоянии населения.
Для туристических компаний также важны количество и лояльность клиентов (туристов), поэтому используют различные способы их привлечения и стимулирования на совершение сделки. Традиционные способы потеряли свое преимущество и уступили информационным технологиям. В этой статье описывается использование в туристическом деле таких технологий, как виртуальная и дополненная реальность. Раскрыты основные методы их использования, а также указаны возможности, которые данные технологии открывают перед туристами и туристическими организациями.
Prácticas parentales y factores asociados con el uso del biberón durante el sueño en niños.
Authors: Lopez Condori Maria Eugenia
Published: August 2024

El uso del biberón durante el sueño en niños es una práctica común, pero conlleva riesgos para la salud, como caries y maloclusiones. La caries del biberón, que afecta principalmente a los incisivos superiores, ocurre cuando el niño consume líquidos azucarados durante el sueño, favoreciendo la proliferación de bacterias. El uso prolongado del biberón también puede contribuir al desarrollo de maloclusiones dentales, como la mordida abierta, al alterar el crecimiento de las arcadas dentales. Metodología: Este estudio, de diseño cuantitativo, descriptivo y transversal, se realizó mediante encuestas a 3054 padres de niños en edad escolar en Cochabamba, Bolivia. El objetivo fue analizar las prácticas parentales sobre el uso del biberón durante el sueño, considerando diferencias según el sexo del niño y la edad hasta la cual se permitió el empleo del biberón. Resultados: Los resultados mostraron que el 83,6 % de los padres no permitió que sus hijos durmieran con el biberón, mientras que el 16,4 % sí lo permitió. No se observó una diferencia significativa por sexo, pero la mayoría de los padres permitió esta práctica hasta los 3 años, lo que incrementa los riesgos asociados. Discusión: Estos hallazgos resaltan la necesidad de fortalecer la educación dirigida a los padres, subrayando la importancia de retirar el biberón a una edad temprana para prevenir problemas de salud a largo plazo y ofrecer alternativas más saludables para la transición alimenticia.
Guardianes de la Tierra: construyendo amor con el Territorio, una experiencia educativa de coexistencia en la escuela
Authors: Pulido-Montealegre Erika Hazen , Moreno-Maldonado Sebastián
Published: August 2024

El presente escrito contiene la experiencia pedagógica del grupo Guardianes de la Tierra: Construyendo Amor con el Territorio. El proyecto se desarrolló entre los años 2021 y 2023, con niñas y niños desde grado primero a tercero, de una institución educativa de la localidad Usme, en Bogotá-Colombia. El objetivo fue resignificar la relación que las estudiantes y los estudiantes establecen con la naturaleza en su Territorio, a partir de una metodología de Investigación Acción Participativa. Es por esta razón que se formularon colectivamente alternativas de gobernanza resignificando así el Territorio a partir del reconocimiento de todas las formas de vida, permitiendo con ello cohabitar desde la coexistencia, mirada que favoreció a su vez entender la escuela como un espacio comunitario que posibilita construir un camino hacia la paz. En conclusión, las niñas y los niños crearon prácticas por medio de ambientes de aprendizaje para coexistir dignamente, caracterizadas por la formación política y una conciencia crítica respecto a los impactos ambientales que el ser humano ha causado, como consecuencia de un modelo económico que pretende poner por encima el capital sobre la vida.
Plan-Process Factor’s Effect on Talent Management and Succession Planning Programs
Authors: Kharroub Naser , Isa Abdul Aziz Bin Mat , Islam Muhummad Khairul
Published: August 2024

The aim of the current study is to explore the effect of factors related to the Plan (Mission Clarity and Rewards & Compensation) and the Process (Policy & Procedures and Career Development) on the Talent Management and Succession Planning Programs in Saudi Arabia, in addition, this study will focus on the mediating effect of the Organizational Productivity on the relationship between the variables. To achieve these objectives, this study followed the quantitative research methods through the distribution of 408 questionnaires to the employees of the Saudi Electricity Company. The results showed that Mission Clarity, Rewards & Compensation, Policy & Procedures, and Career Development have a significant relationship with Talent Management and Succession Planning. In addition, Organizational Productivity has a significant mediating effect on the relationship between Mission Clarity, Rewards & Compensation, and Policy & Procedures with Talent Management and Succession Planning. However, Organizational Productivity has insignificant mediating effect on the relationship between Career Development and Talent Management and Succession Planning.
Identifying Job Satisfaction Parameters among the Employees in Higher Educational Institutions: A Mathematical Model
Authors: Bhatia Mahak , Williams Aled
Published: August 2024

This study evaluates job satisfaction among administrative and teaching faculties in higher educational institutions using Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) tools. Key factors such as promotional opportunities, interpersonal relations, managerial support, and department of employment were identified as significant influencers of job satisfaction. Analytical results reveal that promotional opportunities and managerial support have the highest impact on job satisfaction, highlighting the need for strategic management of these factors to improve employee retention and efficiency.
https://doi.org/10.37493/2307-907X.2023.1.9
Authors:   St. Petersburg Mining University, Dubrovskaya Yu. A. , Pikhkonen L. V. ,   ANO DPO UTS MAEB, Rudenko G. V. ,   St. Petersburg Mining University
Published: August 2024

A modern mountain rescuer during emergency rescue operations should know the mining industry technologies, methods and technical means of rescuing people and eliminating the consequences of accidents perfectly. Have excellent health and special physical and psychological readiness to perform professional tasks associated with extreme psychophysical loads. In the program of specialized physical training, it is important to include specific physical exercises necessary in the professional activity of a mining engineer-rescuer, which in a simplified form can be practiced in the gym or on the sports grounds of the university. The authors share their experience on how to prepare students for training and passing standards according to the program of specialized physical training in the training centers of mountain rescue units by simple and affordable means. The indicators of the entrance express test for determining the state of the cardiovascular system of students are necessary to determine their physical readiness to perform a set of simulated adapted exercises and readiness for dynamic endurance work. It is necessary to begin the formation of professionally significant qualities of mountain rescue engineers with a lightweight set of physical exercises. Students who have shown a result not lower than average can start exercises for performing "severe severity" mountain rescue operations, presented in the article.
Comparing youth innovation models in Russia and abroad
Authors:   North-Caucasus Federal University, Nikulina A. V.
Published: August 2024

Currently, there are numerous options for interaction between the authorities and young people in order to activate them in the innovation sphere. At the same time, for the most part, the formed relations, according to the parties, are far from ideal. Both young people and the authorities and the business community want to harmonize interaction, giving an example of more suitable options for building it in other regions and countries. The article attempts to identify various models by key parameters, compare them with those necessary in today's difficult economic and political conditions, and rethink them to create a better model for the implementation of youth innovations in the subjects of the North Caucasus Federal District.
On international economic integration in the light of sustainable development
Authors:   North-Caucasus Federal University, Kharchenko N. P.
Published: August 2024

The article presents the problem of sustainable development of international business strategies. Due to the weakening of many barriers to international trade in the second half of the 20th century, firms began to implement global strategies in order to gain a competitive advantage. Today, some industries benefit more from the process of globalization than others, just as some countries have a comparative advantage over others in certain areas. To create a successful global sustainability strategy, leaders need to understand the nature of global industries and the dynamics of global competition. The article defines the concept of sustainable development of international strategy and groups the reasons for companies to enter the international level with the greatest performance, proves the obligation of firms to standardize their own products or alternative transfer to a foreign market by the example of joint ventures and international alliances.
Functional literacy of students as a benchmark of modern education
Authors:   North-Caucasus Federal University, Aksenova N. A. ,   Stavropol Secondary School № 6, Moskovskaya N. L. ,   North-Caucasus Federal University
Published: August 2024

The article is devoted to the analysis of modern understanding of the concept of «functional literacy» of students in the conditions of the global information boom. The latter gave rise to a contradiction between the huge amount of accumulated knowledge and the subsequent loss of their significance in favor of the increasing role of skills and abilities to search for the necessary information and operate it to solve the tasks. The study traces the vector of the historical development of the concept of functional literacy, the prerequisites for its appearance, as well as its relevance and significance in different historical periods of time. A parallel is drawn between the concept of literacy in the context of the generally accepted concept of acquired human skills, such as reading, writing, arithmetic, as well as from the point of view of successful functioning of society as a whole and the individual's personal achievements by increasing the level of knowledge and potential in particular. It is based on the research of the Federal Institute for Educational Quality Assessment (Fioko), which is the federal organizer of the PISA Assessment study, the international organization UNESCO (a United Nations agency), the National Agency for the Elimination of Adult Illiteracy (NALA). The concept of «functional literacy» is also reflected in the norms of Federal State Educational Standards. It is defined as an integral component of the foundation of the educational process in Russia, which, in turn, is expressed in the totality of acquired knowledge and skills aimed at the successful realization of a Russian citizen in various aspects of life, whether personal or professional. An educated society guarantees the successful functioning of the state, and the educational process of forming functional literacy ensures it.
Study of civil and patriotic education of the youth
Authors:   Stavropol State Pedagogical Institute, Sumenko L. V. , Abdullaev R. P. ,   Stavropol State Pedagogical Institute
Published: August 2024

Civic-patriotic education is a topical area of pedagogical research and pedagogical practice. Despite the constant appeal to this topic, there is a need to establish the effectiveness of the current practice, to identify areas for improving the work. The article is aimed at diagnosing young people's ideas about citizenship and civic engagement as the basis for civic-patriotic education in educational organizations. Surveys of students in schools, technical schools and colleges (a total of 836 people) made it possible to establish the characteristics of civic-patriotic consciousness, feelings, values, actions and deeds. It was revealed that knowledge, values, experiences and activity are presented to varying degrees, and the predominance of passive forms of organization of educational work does not allow us to call its results high. Against the background of the prevalence of positive declarations of citizenship and patriotism, young people find it difficult to fully demonstrate civic activity and find personal meanings in it. Formal civic engagements lead to undesirable results. The values of freedom, creativity and self-realization declared by young people are not reflected in their actual civic activity, and an insufficient orientation towards the values of camaraderie and collectivism does not allow them to provide and feel the help of their peers. Overcoming the identified shortcomings is possible with the optimization of the time limits of formal acts, the widespread use of active forms of work. The development of the value base of citizenship and patriotism of young people needs to increase the activity and awareness of the activities of pupils and teachers.
Digital technologies in the system of remote service
Authors:   Southwest State University, Belyaeva E. S. , Kovalenko P. V. ,   Southwestern State University, Sotnikov A. A. ,   Southwestern State University
Published: August 2024

Currently one of the main trends, which was largely influenced by the pandemic, is the digital transformation of all spheres of society. The financial sector is highly subject to digital modernization. In this area, both banking products and services that form the final consumer experience and affect their loyalty undergo digital modernization. Therefore, the introduction of digital technologies and digital transformation of business processes is currently a priority for banks. It contributes to their active expansion, reduces the costs, improves the quality and efficiency of banking services and customer loyalty and simplifies the mechanisms for providing services. The development of the banking system based on the use of digital technologies will solve many problems. For example, end-to-end technologies such as machine learning, artificial intelligence, blockchain, P2P lending, robo-advising accelerate technological changes, personalize offers, increase the speed of banking operations, increase the accuracy of calculations, and reduce the risk of deliberate misrepresentation of reporting data. This article defines the types of remote banking services, evaluates their use in Russian banks. Particular attention is paid to the influence of various factors on the development of remote banking services and the introduction of digital technologies, on the emergence of new functions in this area. It was revealed that as a result of the restrictions associated with COVID-19, banks immediately modified relations with customers and converted them to a digital basis.
Development of company Internet promotion strategy and tools for its implementation
Authors:   North-Caucasus Federal University, Zhuravel A. E. , Zhuravel V. F. ,   North-Caucasus Federal University, Makarieva V. Yu. ,   North-Caucasus Federal University, Bessolitsyna M. I. ,   North-Caucasus Federal University
Published: August 2024

At the present stage of the development of the global economy, companies compete in constantly changing conditions, which actualizes the problems of their development strategy both in the domestic and foreign markets. Internet promotion acts as an effective tool that allows companies to successfully achieve their goals in the face of global competition. Currently, information technologies are a factor of new methods of the company's development into the global market space via the Internet. Internet promotion allows reducing costs and accelerating the implementation of improvements. It also contributes to improving the quality of services while meeting customer needs to a greater extent. To develop an Internet promotion strategy for a company, it is necessary to analyze the current situation, determine the goals and tools necessary for the implementation of the promotion strategy. The article analyzes the dynamics of the number of Internet users in the world. A system of development of a company promotion strategy in the Internet is considered. The description of the most relevant tools for its implementation is presented: landing pages, SMM, contextual advertising, SEO, web analytics, targeting and retargeting.
Assessment of the objective conditions of scientific research activity in Russia
Authors:   North-Caucasus Federal University, Statsenko V. E.
Published: August 2024

In the Russian Federation, scientific research and development are the basis of innovative and investment development of the country. In this regard, the article analyzes the dynamics of indicators of research activity in Russia from 2010 to 2021. Analytical data on the number of organizations implementing research processes and engaged in experimental design developments, qualitative and quantitative characteristics of personnel involved in scientific activities, as well as features of financing research work, allowing to identify problem areas of dynamic development of innovative processes in the country. Within the framework of the study, a quantitative empirical study was organized and performed based on the use of economic and statistical tools: comparison, dynamic series method, index method, graphical modeling, etc. The choice of specific techniques and methods is due to the real interrelation of the phenomena and processes under consideration. The study is based on the analysis of statistical data presented in Russian statistical yearbooks. As a part of the study of national innovation processes in 2010–2021, an increase in the number of organizations performing research and development in various areas of the economy was noted. The results of the analysis revealed a positive trend of state support for young scientists and researchers in the country. However, insufficient effectiveness of the state policy in the field of scientific potential formation at the level of universities, academies and institutes was noted. An assessment of the structure of R&D financing in the Russian Federation indicates that the main source of investment is the state budget and annually accounts for more than 60% of the total cost. At the same time, the statistical data clearly reflected the deterioration of the investment climate under the sanctions of 2020–2021. The results of the study revealed a significant fluctuation in the indicators of research and development activities in the Russian Federation in 2010–2021. At the same time, it was noted that there are prerequisites for ensuring positive dynamics of national innovation processes.
State support for the development of business innovative potential
Authors:   North-Caucasus Federal University, Boris O. A. , Parakhina V. N. ,   North-Caucasus Federal University, Dyachkov N. V. ,   North-Caucasus Federal University, Perepelyukov A. Yu. ,   North-Caucasus Federal University
Published: August 2024

The article presents an analysis of various approaches to the assessment of innovative potential in relation to the targets of state support for the development of innovations, including the possibilities of public-private partnership. It was revealed that most of the existing approaches do not take into account the need to influence business structures differently depending on what level of innovative potential they have and how effectively this potential is used. At the same time, the significance of the proposed innovations in the current conditions of sanctions and restrictions is not taken into account. The article presents methodological approaches to differentiation of the assessment of innovative potential and the level of its use, and rethinking on the basis of this logical scheme for choosing areas of state support for innovative activities of entrepreneurial structures.
Application of artificial intelligence systems for business decision making
Authors:   North-Caucasus Federal University, Kalashnikov A. A. , Tyurbeeva D. S. ,   North-Caucasus Federal University
Published: August 2024

In the context of digital transformation, due to help managers and organizations increase the efficiency and competitiveness of operations, the use of artificial intelligence methods or technologies for decision-making becomes more relevant. Thanks to the work of artificial intelligence, business gets a real basis for making correct and operational decisions. And this allows us to improve and develop business processes, increase profitability. Goal. Highlighting the problems and prospects of artificial intelligence, its impact on the economy and business in general. The study is based on the analysis of the basic concepts that are closely related to the problem of research, as well as the risks and threats of artificial intelligence within the business. The work revealed the experience of Russian brands in the development of artificial intelligence in business and the huge contribution of artificial intelligence to the economy. And also the problem of artificial intelligence control is analyzed – this is a task in the field of technology and philosophy of artificial intelligence. The goal is to create an artificial superintelligence that will be useful to people, and at the same time avoid unintentional creation of a superintelligence that will cause harm. According to the results of the conducted research, it can be concluded that artificial intelligence has huge opportunities in solving business problems. Artificial intelligence will bring many advantages to all spheres of society. Artificial intelligence-based technologies help to increase efficiency and productivity by automating processes and tasks that were previously performed by people. Artificial intelligence is also able to interpret volumes of data that a person cannot interpret.
Method of load balancing for computer cluster of data processing center
Authors:   North Caucasus Federal University, Bratchenko N. Yu. , Mochalov V. P. ,   North Caucasus Federal University, Palkanov I. S. ,   North Caucasus Federal University
Published: August 2024

The article presents a description of the load balancing method for a computing cluster of a data processing center (DPC), which is based on a probabilistic approach to proactive forecasting of packet traffic states, formed on the basis of the results of its statistical, nonlinear and spectral analysis. The fractal properties of network traffic are the rationale for the possibility of prediction, allow with a fairly high probability to predict the appearance of bursts and drops in its activity at certain time intervals, identify periods of possible overload of servers and network equipment, and make it possible to develop methods for effective planning and distribution of tasks within the data center, ensuring a statistically uniform loading its functional elements. The spectral analysis of the time series is carried out according to the normalized deviations of the actual levels from the smoothed ones. The absence of significant peaks in the spectral estimates indicates the absence of periodic fluctuations. It is shown that the summation of cycles of different periods of the dynamics of the time series, based on the use of the most significant harmonics of the spectrum, determines the moments of occurrence of subsequent anomalies in its development. The process of identifying significant harmonics of the spectrum is based on the study of its spectral power density using the Fourier transform. The developed method is able to provide a solution to the problem of efficient planning and distribution of tasks in a data center computing cluster in order to optimize the use of resources, speed up task execution time and reduce application processing costs.
LINGUISTIC ASPECTS OF ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATION BASED ON SOURCES OF ENGLISH, UZBEK AND RUSSIAN LANGUAGES
Authors:   Researcher, Academic Lyceum of Uzbek Language and Literature University named after Alisher Navoi, Uzbekistan, qizi Ro’zmatova Muxlisa Davlat
Published: August 2024

The advent of digital technology has transformed communication, giving rise to new linguistic patterns across various languages. This article explores the linguistic aspects of electronic communication, focusing on English, Uzbek, and Russian languages. Through a comparative analysis, this study examines how language structures, slang, abbreviations, and cultural influences manifest in digital communication within these languages. The findings highlight the interplay between language and technology, revealing both commonalities and unique characteristics in how these languages adapt to electronic communication.
BIOLOGICAL EFFICACY OF HELITEC IN COMBATING TOMATO PESTS
Authors:   Institute of Plant Quarantine and Protection Research, Uzbekistan, o’gli Baxodirov Ulugbek Zokirjon
Published: August 2024

The article presents the results of experiments conducted to study the efficacy of the Helitec biopreparation (Helicoverpa armigera NPV – 8%, 5x10^12 polyhedra per liter) against the larvae of the cotton bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera). The findings provide insights into the proper selection of biological preparations to combat the pest and identify effective control methods for use in tomato cultivation.
CONCLUSION OF A FIXED-TERM EMPLOYMENT CONTRACT: RIGHT OR OBLIGATION?
Authors:   Tashkent State University of Law, Uzbekistan, Rakhimberganova Bonu
Published: August 2024

This paper explores the legal intricacies of fixed-term employment contracts within the context of Uzbekistan’s labor laws, particularly focusing on the differences between the Labor Codes of 1995 and 2022. The study examines whether the grounds provided in the legislation for employers to conclude fixed-term contracts are rights or obligations. The analysis reveals that the 1995 Labor Code restricts employers’ rights to conclude fixed-term employment contracts under certain conditions, suggesting that in some cases, entering into a fixed-term contract is not merely a right but an obligation. The paper also discusses relevant judicial practices, including case studies, to illustrate how these legal principles are applied in practice. The findings highlight the need for clear legal guidelines to protect both employers’ and employees’ rights while ensuring compliance with labor laws.
PROTECTION OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY OBJECTS IN ECONOMIC COURTS: THEORY AND PRACTICE
Authors:   PhD, Acting professor of Tashkent State University of Law, Uzbekistan, Saydakhmedov Judge Umid M.
Published: August 2024

This article pays special attention to the development of the field of intellectual property in our country, reliable protection of the legitimate interests of authors and other copyright holders; the number of disputes related to intellectual property is increasing every year. In this regard, there is a need to improve the relevant knowledge and skills of judges, and the features of consideration of cases related to the protection of intellectual property in economic courts are highlighted. In addition, the article provides proposals and recommendations for improving legislation to ensure reliable legal protection of intellectual property in economic courts.
Effect of Application of Sago Dregs and Rice Straw Biochar on Growth and Yield of Soybean (Glycine max L.) in Inceptisol
Authors: Wambrauw Sopia Fransina , Islami Titiek , Sumarni Titin
Published: August 2024

This research was conducted to determine the effect of giving sago dregs and rice straw biochar on growth and yield and to determine the correct dose of biochar for use in inceptisol soil. The research was conducted at the Experimental Garden of the Research Institute for Various Nut and Tuber Crops (BALITKABI) IP2TP Jambegede, Jl. Agriculture, No.6 Kemiri Village, Kepanjen District, Malang Regency – East Java. The design used was a Randomized Block Design (RBD), which consisted of 6 treatments and was repeated four times. There are 6 treatments, namely: P0 = without biochar; P1 = 100% rice straw biochar; P 2 = sago dregs biochar 100%; p 3 = sago pulp biochar 75% + rice straw biochar 25%; p 4 = sago pulp biochar 50% + rice straw biochar 50%; p 5 = sago pulp biochar 25% + rice straw biochar 75%. Observations included plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, seed weight per plant, and weight of 100 seeds. Data were analyzed using a variance test (Anova) by MS Excel. The results of this research show that the administration of sago dregs biochar and rice straw has a significant effect on yield and growth, where treatment (P3) with a mixture or combination of 75% sago dregs + 25% rice straw biochar, gave the best response compared to other treatments, with results reached 1.64 t.ha-1. Thus, a mixture or combination of 75% sago dregs biochar + 25% rice straw biochar can be used in Inceptisol.
Technical Efficiency of Indonesian Potato Farming during Rainy and Dry Seasons: Evidence from Merangin District, Indonesia
Authors: Yusnina Yusnina , Syaukat Yusman , Hartoyo Sri , Fariyanti Anna
Published: August 2024

Potatoes are among the vegetables highly susceptible to climate change, and its consequences can significantly affect technical efficiency.However, the production of potato relatively fluctuated due to some factors influencing it. The study aims to analyze the factors affecting potato production, measure the level of technical efficiency in potato farming, and identify the socio-economic factors that influence technical inefficiency in potato farming, both in the rainy and dry seasons. The study was conducted in Merangin Regency, Jambi Province. A purposive sampling method was used to select the research area and collect data from 102 potato farmers. The data were analyzed using the Stochastic Frontier Cobb-Douglas production function model with a maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) approach. The research results show that land and seed variables significantly influence potato production, both in the rainy and dry seasons. Meanwhile, fertilizer P and labor only significantly influence the dry season. The average level of technical efficiency in the dry season (0.89) is higher than in the rainy season (0.73). The results of the average difference test (t-test) show that in the dry season, the level of technical efficiency has a higher value than in the rainy season, with a significance of 1%. The significant socio-economic variables influencing technical efficiency are membership in farmer groups.
The Nutrient Content of Eco-enzymes from Mixture of Various Fruit Peels
Authors: Siregar Benedicta Lamria , Siallagan Rexi Sebastian , Butar Butar Suwarnita , Mahmudi Bambang , Pujiastuti Elisabeth Sri
Published: August 2024

Today, many institutions and individuals are paying attention to the development of technologies used in sustainable agriculture.  One of the technologies is eco-enzyme that can be used as organic fertilizer.  Several researchers have studied the use of eco-enzymes in agriculture, but studies on the nutrient content of eco-enzymes are still very limited. This research was conducted to investigate the nutrient content of two eco-enzyme preparations. The eco-enzymes were produced through the fermentation process of water, fruit peels, and molasses with a weight ratio of 10 : 3 : 1. Fruit peels used for Eco-enzyme A were banana, melon, watermelon, orange, and pineapple peels, while for Eco-enzyme B were banana, mango, watermelon, orange, and pineapple peels. The fermentation period for Eco-enzyme A was seven months, while for Eco-enzyme B was eight months. The results of the analysis showed that the two eco-enzymes contained various nutrients, both macro (C, N, P, K, Mg, Ca) and micro (Mn, Zn, B, Fe, Cu) ones, that were consistently higher in Eco-enzyme A. Both eco-enzymes were acidic, where the pH of Eco-enzyme A and B were 3.95 and 3.50, respectively. The data obtained were expected to be a basic reference for further research on eco-enzymes.
Struktur dan Efisiensi Kinerja Rantai Pasok Beras di Provinsi Gorontalo, Indonesia
Authors: Indriani Ria , Imran Supriyo , Mukhlis Mukhlis
Published: August 2024

Kenaikan harga beras di Gorontalo diakibatkan stok beras di pasar semakin berkurang dapat menyebabkan ketidakoptimalan dalam rantai pasok beras untuk memenuhi permintaan konsumen, yang pada gilirannya akan berdampak pada kinerja keseluruhan rantai pasok beras. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui struktur dan efisiensi rantai pasok beras di Gorontalo. Penelitian dilaksanakan dari bulan April-Juli 2023 Provinsi Gorontalo. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode survei. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan metode multistage sampling dari 2 Kabupaten kemudian dari masing-masing kabupaten dipilih 2 kecamatan yang memiliki produksi padi tertinggi. Berdasarkan data dari petani, teridentifikasi aliran produk beras yang melibatkan berbagai lembaga lainnya yaitu 13 unit penggilingan, 7 orang pedagang besar, 10 orang pedagang pengecer, TTIC, BULOG dan 4 toko Alfamart. Struktur rantai pasok beras di Gorontalo dianalisis deskriptif kualitatif. Sedangkan efisiensi teknis setiap pelaku rantai pasok dianalisis dengan metode DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan struktur rantai pasok komoditas beras di Gorontalo terbagi atas empat model rantai pasokan yang melibatkan petani, penggilingan padi, pedagang besar, pengecer, BULOG, TTIC dan Alfamart, dimana pelaku yang menjadi grower adalah petani, BULOG, TTIC dan Alfamart.  Secara garis besar pelaku rantai pasok beras di Provinsi Gorontalo memiliki kinerja yang efisien, kecuali petani dan penggilingan yang berada di Kecamatan Tolangohula dimana metrik kinerja yang tidak efisien pada tingkat petani adalah semua faktor input kecuali cost, sedangkan pada tingkat penggilingan padi, metrik kinerja yang tidak efisien adalah siklus cash to cash dan cost. Efisiensi kinerja rantai pasokan bisa diatasi dengan meningkatkan kinerja rantai pasokan, dengan mengurangi input dan meningkatkan output.
Performance Test of Vegetative Characteristics of Crossed Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Lines of Ciherang Variety X B11143D Line in Telagasari, Karawang Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Damayanti Utari , Lestari Ani , Subardja Vera Oktavia , Hadiarto Toto , Enggarini Wening
Published: August 2024

One way to increase the genetic diversity of Ciherang as the superior variety is to cross Ciherang with the donor B11143D line as a New Plant Type (NPT) rice. This study aimed to obtain Ciherang X B11143D lines with the best vegetative characteristics in the field. The research was conducted in rice fields in Talagasari Village, Telagasari District, Karawang Regency, from May to September 2023. This experiment used a single-factor Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications of 22 treatments, consisting of 19 Ciherang X B11143D lines and three comparison varieties. The effect of treatment was studied using analysis of variance. The results showed that the rice lines significantly influenced the vegetative characters of Ciherang X B11143D lines in Telagasari, Karawang Regency. Based on the observed characters, several lines were selected i.e. 124.2.3, 94.3.3, and 20.4.4 lines. Those three lines chosen as backcrossing lines performed similarly compared to Ciherang as recurrent parent and inherited several important traits for rising productivity from the B11143D line as donor parent, namely the length and area of flag leaf, the total number of tillers, and the number of productive tillers, which were significantly higher than Ciherang.
Identification and Characterization of Ralstonia solanacearum Species Complex from Ginger (Zingiber officinale) in Semarang Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Setiawan Andree Wijaya , Jayanti Ruth Meike , Herawati Maria Marina , Natalia Kezia , Kusuma Jonathan Galih Raka
Published: August 2024

The Ralstonia solanacearum species complex is a highly destructive plant pathogen with a remarkably broad range of hosts, and ongoing discoveries continue to expand its host list. In May 2023, a new type of bacterial wilt affecting ginger (Z. officinale) crops in Semarang Regency, Central Java was reported. Early symptoms included sudden withering of leaves in adult plants followed by complete wilting and darkening of the vasculature, ultimately leading to plant death. This research specifically investigates the spread of Ralstonia solanacearum Species Complex within ginger cultivation in Semarang Regency. Twenty bacterial isolates were collected from soil and diseased Z. officinale plants at twenty different locations. Physiological and biochemical analyses confirmed that the causative agent for Z. officinale bacterial wilt was Ralstonia solanacearum belonging to biovar 3 and 4. The study also revealed that the distribution of this pathogen remains focused in the Banyubiru and Sumowono sub-districts. These findings will enhance our understanding of how Ralstonia solanacearum Species Complex spreads among ginger crops and its impact on them.
Coffee Farmers' Obligations Response to 4C Certification in South OKU Regency South Sumatra Province, Indonesia
Authors: Oktarina Yetty , Sebagustionnes Angga , Mukhlis Mukhlis
Published: August 2024

The increasing demand for certified coffee has encouraged coffee exporters in Indonesia to try to help and certify coffee in their areas. Sustainable standards and certification can encourage coffee farmers to implement GAP rather than economically, socially and environmentally sustainable coffee production, the standard code coffee community (4C) certification used globally reaches 1,768,272 tons. The study aimed to determine whether farmers agreed to the implementation of 4C coffee certification in South OKU Regency. The sample was made of coffee farmers in South Ogan Komering Ulu Regency located in Pulau Beringin and Runjung Agung Districts, taken randomly and measured using a Likert scale. The study results showed that farmers agreed to implement 4C, which is in the economic, social, and environmental dimensions. Regarding environmental aspects, several important things are overlooked, especially restrictions on the use of pesticides, considering that farmers are currently accustomed to using insecticides and herbicides.
Uji Kemampuan Bacillus spp. dalam Menghambat Ganoderma boninense Pat. Penyebab Penyakit Busuk Pangkal Batang Kelapa Sawit Secara in Vitro
Authors: Elfina Yetti , Sukendi Sukendi , Efriyeldi Efriyeldi , Sutikno Agus
Published: August 2024

Penyakit busuk batang akar (BPB) merupakan salah satu penyakit yang menyebabkan menurunnya efisiensi kelapa sawit. BPB disebabkan oleh Ganoderma boninense Pat. Alternatif pengendalian penyakit ini yang dapat dilakukan adalah dengan pengendalian hayati menggunakan Bacillus spp, karena bersifat ramah lingkungan.. Tujuan penelitian untuk menguji kemampuan Bacillus spp.  yang dapat menghambat G. boninense dan menentukan kap Bacillus spp. dalam mempengaruhi morfologi G. boninense penyebab BPB pada kelapa sawit secara in vitro. Penelitian dilakukan secara eksperimen dan terdiri dari 7 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Perlakuan yang digunakan, yaitu: tanpa Bacillus spp., Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus pseudomycoides, Bacillus velezensis 1, Bacillus velezensis 2, Bacillus velezensis 3. Data  hasil pengamatan dianalisis dengan Analysis of Varians (ANOVA dan dilanjutkan dengan uji lanjut Duncan New Multiple Range Test (DMRT) pada taraf 5% menggunakan program SPSS versi 25. Data hasil pengamatan yang diperoleh dilanjutkan dengan uji jarak berganda duncan (DMRT) pada taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Bacillus spp. yaitu B. amyloliquefaciens, B. cereus,  B. pseudomycoides, B. velezensis 1, B. velezensis 2 dan B. velezensis 3 mampu menghambat G. boninense namun 3 Bacillus spp. yaitu B. cereus, B. pseudomycoides dan B. amyloliquefaciens tidak mampu menghasilkan zona hambat. B. velezensis 2 lebih baik dalam menghambat G. boninense dengan daya hambat 78,05%, zona hambat 58,8%, daya hambat filtrat 92,49%. Bacillus spp. mampu mempengaruhi karakteristik makroskopis dan mikroskopis G. boninense, dapat menyebabkan G. boninense tidak mampu menghasilkan konidia serta dapat menghambat perkecambahan spora G.boninense.
Una Revisión Teórica sobre la Modernización de la Gestión Pública en el Estado Peruano
Authors: Novoa Jacobo Danti Michael , Valverde Meza Carmen Jannett
Published: August 2024

Objetivo: El objetivo de esta investigación es establecer la relación entre la modernización en la administración pública y sus procedimientos asociados, examinando el efecto de dichas modernizaciones en la eficiencia, transparencia y calidad de vida de los ciudadanos. Asimismo, sugiere sugerencias para futuros proyectos en diversos entornos gubernamentales. La metodología utilizada en el estudio consistió en la aplicación de un enfoque cuantitativo basado en un modelo hipotético-deductivo. Se combinaron la revisión bibliográfica con entrevistas a expertos en gestión pública y encuestas a funcionarios, permitiendo una visión holística de los procesos y resultados de la modernización. Resultados: Varios países han implementado cambios significativos en su gestión pública, mejorando el crecimiento económico y social. La implementación de tecnologías de la información y comunicación (TIC) ha sido fundamental, aumentando la eficiencia administrativa y reduciendo la corrupción. También se han observado mejoras en la satisfacción ciudadana y la calidad de los servicios públicos. Conclusión: La modernización ha generado notables mejoras en la administración pública, promoviendo progresos en el bienestar y convivencia de los ciudadanos. No obstante, aún queda mucho por hacer para que diversas naciones se integren al mundo globalizado. Es esencial continuar con políticas de modernización y capacitación constante para los funcionarios públicos, fomentando una cultura de innovación y eficiencia.
Taxonomic review of the Thysanoptyx Hampson generic complex (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini). I. The genus Collitoptyx Volynkin with descriptions of two new genera, two new subgenera and six new species
Authors: Volynkin Anton V. , Černý Karel
Published: August 2024

The Asiatic footman moth genus Collitoptyx Volynkin, 2023 is reviewed. Two new genera, two new subgenera and six new species are described: Medioptyx gen. n., Caliginoptyx gen. n., Collitoptyx (Insolitoptyx) subgen. n., Collitoptyx (Confusoptyx) subgen. n., Collitoptyx (Collitoptyx) fraterna sp. n. (China and northern Mainland Southeast Asia), Collitoptyx (Collitoptyx) annamia sp. n. (Central Vietnam), Collitoptyx (Insolitoptyx) meghalaya sp. n. (Northeast India), Collitoptyx (Confusoptyx) duplex sp. n. (Northeast India and northern Mainland Southeast Asia), Medioptyx kishidai sp. n. (East China), and Caliginoptyx vientiana sp. n. (northern Laos). A new combination is established: Caliginoptyx zofera (Volynkin, 2023), comb. n. A lectotype is designated for Teulisna sordida Butler, 1881. A new synonym is introduced: Collitoptyx (Collitoptyx) sordida (Butler, 1881) = Thysanoptyx manganensis N. Singh & Joshi, 2017, syn. n. Adults as well as male and female genitalia are illustrated.
ÝLA, URRA, AND SUSSA: IMITATIVE WORDS IN (OLD) ICELANDIC
Authors:   St. Petersburg Electrotechnical University ‘LETI’, Flaksman Maria
Published: August 2024

This article offers a preliminary exploration of sound-imitative (onomatopoeic, mimetic) words in the Icelandic language, examining them both synchronically and diachronically. The words are analysed typologically based on existing phono-semantic classifications, with a particular focus on investigating the influence of regular sound changes in Icelandic on its imitative lexicon. Additionally, Icelandic imitative words are compared to those in English. Imitative words exhibit an iconic correlation between their form and meaning. Iconicity, as understood through the lens of Charles Peirce, refers to the relationship of resemblance. By means of onomatopoeia, salient acoustic characteristics of natural sounds are replicated using speech sounds that share similar acoustic properties. For example, high-pitched sounds such as the peeping of mice or the chirping of birds are typically represented by high-pitched vowels, while quiet, rustling noises like the hissing of a snake or the sound of air escaping from a tyre are often depicted with fricative (voiceless) consonants. Sound changes in language lead to alterations in the acoustic characteristics of speech sounds, resulting in the de-iconization (loss of iconicity) of imitative words. The objective form-meaning similarity achieved at the moment of coinage through the selection of phonetic features resembling salient acoustic features of the denotatum disappears with regular sound changes.
OLD ENGLISH VOCABULARY AND DICTION OF LYRICAL AND DIDACTIC ENDINGS OF THE POEMS WITH RUNIC ‘SIGNATURES’ BY CYNEWULF (A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS)
Authors:   Russian State University of the Humanities, Gvozdetskaya Natalya ,   Sretensky Theological Academy
Published: August 2024

This paper is devoted to the semantic interpretation of the names of runic signs, which the Anglo-Saxon poet Cynewulf used to convey his runic ‘signature’ in the lyrical and didactic endings of the poems “Elena”, “Juliana”, “The Fates of the Apostles”, and “Christ”. The semantics of the runic signs in the name of Cynewulf is considered not as a random set of meanings reconstructed diachronically, but as an integral set of concepts synchronically interconnected in the text. Their semantics is analysed in relation to their thematic context, that is, the theme of transience of the world and the theme of the Last Judgment. Three main conceptual spheres are identified and presented in each of the fragments (‘man’, ‘joy-sadness’, ‘God-Lord’). Due to the inclusion of traditional heroic-epic vocabulary and phraseology into the given fragments, a double perspective is created in understanding Christian doctrine: the memory of the heroic-epic past helps the Anglo-Saxon audience to understand human life as a preparation for the Day of Judgment. The conceptual integrity of the given fragments implies a possible integral semantic interpretation of the poet’s name ‘encrypted’ in them. The name Cyn(e)wulf not only identifies a certain person but can also be considered a ‘folded text’ aimed at conveying the themes of the transience of the world and the Last Judgment. Cynewulf endows his name with a symbolic meaning, making it serve as a generalization of lyrical and didactic reflections aimed at helping the reader understand the significance of life.
Preliminary Review of Local Diagnostic Reference Level (DRLS) for Government Healthcare Dental Centres in Abu Dhabi
Authors: Al Shamsi Wadha Mohammed Ali , Othman Siti Amira
Published: August 2024

Radiological examinations and studies are used in the medical field. Radiographs play an important role in today’s medicine, especially for dental diagnosis. Ionizing radiation is well known for being used in dental imaging. According to the as low as reasonably achievable (ALARA) concept for radiation protection, dentists must expose patients to the least amount of radiation while providing appropriate imaging quality. Dental radiology's technological development began after 1919, when adequate electrical insulation made intraoral imaging techniques safe to perform. In the 1960s, panoramic dental imaging began to be made available to the public, whereas computed tomography has been used since the 1970s. Therefore, establishing diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) is one method to ensure a healthcare provider's optimal performance when using ionizing radiation procedures.