bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome and its Clinical and Angiographic Profile in Patients with Naive Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Kumar Anil P. , Surhonne Prakash Sadashivappa , Reddy Rohith P. , Nanjappa Manjunath Cholenahally
Published: February 2023

Objective:

The objective of the study is to evaluate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) and its clinical and angiographic profile in patients with naive acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Furthermore, this study tried to evaluate the severity of coronary artery disease in patients with and without MS.

Methods:

This was a single-center, cross-sectional study which prospectively enrolled 500 patients with naive ACS during the period from January 2017 to December 2018 at a tertiary care center in India. They were divided into two groups according to the presence and absence of MS based on revised NCEP ATP III guidelines. The ACS was defined based on the Joint Committee of the American College of Cardiology. After clinical evaluation and investigations, the prevalence of MS in ACS patients was calculated.

Results:

Prevalence of MS in this study was 46.2% and was more frequent in males (81%) compared to females (19%). Maximum number of patients with MS were between the age group of 40–59 years (55%). Prevalence of diabetes (56.7%), hypertension (58.0%), and smoking (45.88%) were significantly higher in patients with MS (P < 0.001). Most prevalent components of MS were low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels, increased blood pressure, fasting blood sugar, and triglyceride levels (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:

Prevalence of MS was high in patients with ACS and was more often after the age of 40 years and most commonly seen in males. Low HDL levels, increased blood pressure, and blood sugar were most prevalent components in the criteria for MS. Patients with MS tend to have more complex coronary lesions.
Post Cabg Myocardial Ischemia and Infarction – A Review
Authors: Sathyamurthy I , Jayanthi K
Published: February 2023

Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery is recommended for patients with obstructive coronary artery disease to improve survival and quality of life. Patients receive arterial and venous grafts as conduits to improve coronary circulation. There are factors that can lead to periprocedural myocardial necrosis, and there are factors resulting in late recurrent angina after CABG. In this article, an attempt has been made to review these details.
Assessment of Risk Factors, Clinical Presentation and Angiographic Profile of Coronary Slow Flow Phenomenon
Authors: Abd-Elghaffar Sara Abd-Elghaffar , El Sheikh Raghda Ghonimy , Gaafar Ayman Ahmed , Elbarbary Yasser Hussein
Published: February 2023

Background:

Primary coronary slow flow phenomenon (PCSFP) is a clinical entity that causes attacks of mild to severe chest pain. It is characterized by delayed coronary vessel opacification in the absence of epicardial stenosis. This work aimed for the assessment of predictors, clinical presentation, and angiographic profile of PCSFP.

Subjects and Methods:

This cross-sectional case–control study was done between February 2019 and January 2020, including 150 patients who presented by ST-segment myocardial infarction, non-ST segment myocardial infarction, unstable angina, chronic coronary syndrome, or atypical chest pain. The patients were divided into two groups: group 1: consisted of 100 patients who had PCSFP and Group 2: consisted of 50 patients who had normal coronary flow (NCF).

Results:

PCSFP was significantly more prevalent in young male patients. Among the traditional risk factors, there was significantly more prevalence of hypertension (63.0% vs. 28.0%, P = 0.001), obesity (body mass index ≥30 kg/m2 (47.0% vs. 4.0%, P = 0.001), and history of smoking (66.0% vs. 40.0%, P < 0.002) in PCSFP patients as compared to NCF patients. Triglyceride (TG), cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and hemoglobin all were higher in patients with PCSFP. Low high-density lipoprotein levels were associated with PCSFP. In multivariable analysis, PCSFP was significantly independently associated with male sex, high TG, cholesterol, and hs-CRP. TG (odds ratio [OR]: 14.427, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.514–59.226) and cholesterol (OR: 11.739, 95% CI, 2.439–56.513) are the strongest independent predictors for PCSFP.

Conclusion:

PCSFP is more common in young smoker males, is associated with hypertension, obesity, high hs-CRP, TG, and cholesterol levels. High cholesterol and TG and male sex are the strongest risk factors for PCSFP. Furthermore, inflammation plays an important factor in the pathogenesis of PCSFP due to the association of high hs-CRP level in those patients.
Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation and Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Modi Ranjan , Jaswal Aparna , Modi Sunil
Published: February 2023

Background:

The number of patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) who mandate additional oral anticoagulant therapy, due to presence of Atrial Fibrillation (AF), has been increasing. Dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) is associated with reduced ischemic events including stent thrombosis, myocardial infarction and stroke following PCI. However, the trade-off is an increased risk for bleeding while on DAPT. The addition of an anticoagulation further increases the likelihood of bleeding while on antiplatelet therapy. Thus, the overall risks and benefits for each patient undergoing PCI on anticoagulation (VKA/ NOAC) must be assessed and therapy individualized to ensure optimal therapy for each unique situation.

Aims and Objectives:

The aim of the study was to determine the diversity in the antiplatelet and anticoagulation treatment of patients with nonvalvular AF or flutter who develop acute coronary syndrome (ACS) or undergo PCI in India.Materials and Methods: All patients who had AF and underwent PCI were included in the study. Results: In the study 100 patients of AF with PCI were evaluated, among who 95 % were started on triple therapy (TT) and 5 % on DAPT. The patients were followed up at 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year for adjustment of antiplatelet, anticoagulation medicines, and their dosage.

Conclusion:

The study reviewed the best practices for the pharmacologic management of patients requiring anticoagulation with NOAC who are treated with PCI and require antiplatelet therapy.
Giant Right Ventricular Clot
Authors: Jariwala Pankaj , Jadhav Kartik Pandurang , Boorugu Harikishan , Punjani Arshad , Mishra Krushna Chandra
Published: February 2023

Giant right ventricular thrombus is a rare characteristic of pulmonary thrombosis-embolism that is typically associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbation. We found such a giant right ventricular thrombus in a patient who was a heavy smoker who had extreme type of COPD with cor pulmonale. He also had hypotension, hypoxia, low tolerance for exercise, congestive heart failure, and poor quality of life, which are the prognostic qualities in the patient's clinical scenario we mentioned.
A rare occurrence of tumoural calcinosis of long head biceps tendon post-COVID-19 infection
Authors: Aziz Mohamad Azwan , Osman Harmizie , Kalimuthu Mohanakumar , Ebrahim Rozaiman
Published: February 2023

Tumoural calcinosis is a rare entity commonly caused by hyperphosphatemia due to bone mineral disease, hyperparathyroidism of chronic renal failure. However, our case demonstrated a normo-phosphatemic tumoural calcinosis post-COVID-19. This is a 36-year-old with a multiple history of soft-tissue calcification presented with acute onset severe right shoulder pain associated with anterior shoulder swelling at day 20 post-COVID-19. The clinical examination reveals anterior shoulder swelling at bicipital groove with severe restriction of range of motion due to pain. Ultrasound revealed an initial solid mass arising from the sheath of long head of biceps tendon which turns into cystic mass at week 4 of the disease. Computed tomography scan demonstrate sedimentation sign. His blood parameters revealed normo-calcemic, normo-phosphatemic bone profile, normal renal function and no sign suggestive of rheumatological disease. He was started on short course on non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for 3 week and does not require surgical intervention. His symptoms completely resolved after 4 weeks with persistent shoulder swelling. He was started with prophylaxis low phosphate diet to prevent future recurrence. Our case demonstrates that conservative management using the short course of NSAIDs can be beneficial in treating primary normophosphatemic tumoural calcinosis.
Physiological response during match simulation in youth soccer players
Authors: Nordin Mohammad Nor Aliff , Hamdan Muhamad , Hasan Hosni , Yeo Wee Kian , Sulaiman Mashidee , Raja Azidin Raja Mohammed Firhad
Published: February 2023

Introduction:

The aim of this study was to investigate physiological changes of heart rate (HR), rating of perceived exertion (RPE) and vertical jump (VJ) height responses during a Youth Soccer Match Simulation (YSMS90).

Materials and Methods:

Twenty (n = 20) male academy soccer players (age:17 ± 2 years, height: 1.69 ± 0.6, weight: 67.9 ± 6 kg) volunteered for this study. In a repeated measures study design, each participant completed the 90 min of soccer match simulation. Heart rate, subjective RPE and VJ were recorded every 5 min throughout the simulation.

Results:

The mean HR, RPE and VJ height during the YSMS90 were 147 ± 19 beats/min, 16 ± 1 and 34 ± 4 cm, respectively. There was a significant increase of HR and RPE throughout the YSMS90. The VJ performance reduced during the second half of the simulation.

Conclusions:

The findings from this study suggest that YSMS90 elicited similar physiological responses to soccer match play and may justify the use of YSMS90 for replicating the demands of youth soccer as an ecologically valid soccer match play simulation.
Relationship between ABO Blood Group Phenotypes and Some Cardiovascular Risk Factors among Undergraduate Students in Kano Nigeria
Authors: Mukhtar Isyaku Gwarzo , Abdullahi Abdulkarim Tsoho
Published: February 2023

Background:

Studies have linked ABO phenotypes to cardiovascular diseases (CVDs); however, data on the relationship between ABO phenotypes and CDV risk factors among healthy adults are lacking.

Aim:

To determine the relationship between ABO phenotypes and CVD risk factors among undergraduate students in Kano, Nigeria.

Materials and Methods:

This cross-sectional descriptive study recruited 150 participants. ABO phenotypes were determined using monoclonal antisera. Serum total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterolwere determined enzymatically, while low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) was calculated using the Friedewald equation. Blood pressure and anthropometric measurements were by standard protocols. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 23.0; P ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:

Mean age of the participants was 23.12 ± 2.97 (17–31) years. The frequency of ABO phenotypes among the participants was: O (39.3%), B (26.0%), A (23.3%), and AB (11.3%). Non-O phenotypes had significantly lower systolic blood pressure (P = 0.050), higher TC (P = 0.023), TG (P = 0.003), and LDL-c (P = 0.050) compared to O phenotypes. Of the non-O phenotypes, A had significantly higher TC compared to B (P = 0.004) and O (P = 0.001); higher TG compared to O (P = 0.001); higher LDL-c compared to B (P = 0.001), AB (P = 0.042), and O (P = 0.006); heavier compared to B (P = 0.012) and O (P = 0.033); and higher hip circumference compared to B (P = 0.022).

Conclusion:

Non-O phenotypes, especially A phenotypes, had significantly higher mean serum lipids compared to O. ABO phenotypes should be considered in CVD risk stratification.
Study on Wear Properties of Cryogenic Treated Additive Manufactured SLS Components
Authors: Naiju CD , Senthil Kumar Muniappan , Anil Payyappalli Mana , Mohan Rohit M , Joyce Joseph , Punnus Basil , Naiju CD , Senthil Kumar Muniappan , Anil Payyappalli Mana , Mohan Rohit M , Joyce Joseph , Punnus Basil
Published: February 2023

This study examines the influence of cryogenic treatment on the microstructure and on the physical properties of the rapid prototype SLS material. The wear properties of the rapid prototype SLS material both before and after cryogenic treatment are studied in three phases. Phase I deals with the sample preparation through the SLS technique; Phase II involves the preliminary tests like roughness test, hardness test, SEM and wear test. Phase III is the cryogenic treatment of the sample in the setup designed. The cryogenic coolant used is Nitrogen, having a boiling point of 77 K, and the whole treatment process takes about 2 to 3 days. Phase IV deals with the testing of the cryogenically treated samples in which similar tests to that in Phase I are carried out. These results are tabulated and graphs are plotted. Furthermore, the percentage change in the hardness and wear properties of the samples are found. The cryogenic aging of the material and the effect of controlled ramp up/ramp down on the samples in the cryogenic treatment is also discussed in detail in this study. It was observed that the wear resistance of the SLS component has increased significantly after the cryogenic treatment. This was mainly due to the transformation of austenite into martensite which increases hardness of the component.
Experimental Investigation in Diesel Oxidation Catalyst by Developing a Novel Catalytic Materials for the Control of HC, CO and Smoke Emissions
Authors: Muthiya S Jenoris , Saravanan Induja , Balachandran Gajalakshmi , Raghavan 1Lt P.S
Published: February 2023

Diesel-powered engines are used worldwide for efficient transportation and stationary power generation. The significant drawback of a diesel engine is its harmful emissions. The stringent emission norms enforced by the different organization demands effective catalyst system to control the gaseous emissions. Diesel oxidation catalysts are the extensively used technique for diesel engines to control HC and CO emissions. Currently the catalyst in the diesel oxidation system employs precious metals such as Pt/Pd/Rh to reduce the emissions and makes the DOC system expensive. This paper presents a cost-effective catalyst prepared to employ non-noble mixed oxides of copper and nickel supported on non-conventional support (i.e.) ceria doped calcium borophosphates (Ce-SCaPB). Initially, ceramic beads (5mm X 5mm) were coated with (Ce-SCaPB) support material. Secondly, the copper and nickel salts were deposited on the Ce-SCaPB coated ceramic beads and subsequently reduced and calcined. The crystallinity and phase formation was studied using XRD technique and SEM image showed particle size ranging between 40 - 50 nm. These catalyst coated beads were loaded into the fabricated DOC reactor and was retrofitted into the tailpipe of the engine exhaust. The experimental emission testing was carried out in a single-cylinder diesel engine coupled with eddy current dynamometer. In engine testing, catalytic material are tested individually to evaluate his reduction percentage. The engine test was conducted under different engine loads (0-100%) and the emission readings were taken for each load. Uncertainty analysis is calculated for the results and the results showed a higher reduction in CO, HC and smoke emissions.
Studies on Metallurgical and Mechanical Properties of Plasma Arc Welded Aerospace 80A Grade Alloy
Authors: Pasupathi Subramani , Sathishkumar Mathiyazhagan , Anbarasan Narasimhan , Naiju CD , Manoharan Manikandan , Jerome Savarimuthu
Published: February 2023

The current research work scrutinized the influence of plasma arc in the metallurgical and mechanical behavior of Nimonic 80A weldment. Defect free weld bead of 6 mm thickness was achieved in a single pass through plasma arc welding. The microstructure of weldment is decorated with cellular dendritic structure at the center and at the weld interface region columnar dendritic structure was observed. Metallurgical analysis showed the Cr and Ti secondary precipitates in the interdendritic region of the WZ. The existence of M23C6 and Cr2Ti were observed through the X-ray diffraction analysis. Both tensile test and microhardness test were conducted to study the mechanical properties of weldment. The result concluded that both the strength and ductility inferior than base metal and the hardness of the weld bead is similar to that of BMl.
Experimental Investigations of Noise, Vibration and Combustion Characteristics of Diesel and Pongamia Biodiesel Blends on a CI Genset Engine
Authors: V Arul Mozhi Selvan , G Arumugam
Published: February 2023

Compression Ignition engines are widely used for irrigation purpose in rural areas, which generate more noise and vibrations. In this research, neat diesel and Pongamia biodiesel blend (B20) were fuelled in a compression ignition engine to study its noise, vibration and combustion characteristics at the fuel injection pressure of 200 and 250 bar and the fuel injection timings of 21, 23 and 25 degree bTDC at a constant engine speed of 1500 rpm under various loading conditions from no load to full load. From the experimental results, a strong correlation was observed between the heat release rate and the engine noise as the heat release rate was directly proportional to the magnitude of the engine noise. The noise level found increased with increasing load while running on diesel and decreased while running on biodiesel. The maximum noise level of 80.3dB and 78.3dB was observed at 60% load condition for the diesel and biodiesel blend respectively. Since biodiesel has a higher Cetane number, the ignition delay was found reduced and cause for premixed combustion, which is directly related to the reduction of the rate of pressure rise that reflected in reduced noise level. The vibration in Y-axis found decreased for the B20 fuel blend when compared to the neat diesel. A significant reduction in noise and vibrations are observed at the fuel injection timing of 23 & 21degree bTDC respectively at the fuel injection pressure of 200 bar.
Optimization of Clutch Characteristics to Improve the Launch Performance of a Sports-Utility Vehicle
Authors: Vellandi Vikraman , Somarajan Suresh Kumar , Nagarajan Jaganathan , VIJAYAN Arunkumar , karbade Rohan , Ramanathan Muthuraman
Published: February 2023

Vehicles with manual transmission are still the most preferred choice in emerging markets like India due to their benefits in cost, simplicity and fuel economy. However, the ever-increasing vehicle population and traffic congestion demand a smooth clutch operation and a comfortable launch behaviour of any manual transmission vehicle. In the present work, the launch performance of a sports-utility vehicle (SUV) equipped with dual mass flywheel (DMF) and self-adjusting technology (SAT) clutch could be improved significantly by optimizing the clutch system.

The vehicle was observed to be having a mild judder during clutch release (with 0% accelerator pedal input) in a normal 1st gear launch in flat road conditions. An extensive experimental measurement at the vehicle level could reveal the launch judder is mainly due to the 1st order excitation forces created by the geometrical inaccuracy of the internal parts of the clutch system. Moreover, the forces are amplified by the resonance of the complete driveline with the first eigen mode at 8 to 12 Hz. A detailed study in the 1-dimensional torsional simulation model revealed that the eigen mode frequency of the real-wheel drive architecture is mainly driven by several parameters (mass, inertia, torsional stiffness) of the driveline components. Hence, the 1st order excitation forces were needed to be controlled to improve the launch performance. Based on the detailed design of experiments (DOE), it was evident that the cushion disc stiffness and clutch disc parallelism are the significant contributors to the excitation forces. The launch performance of the vehicle could be significantly improved by reducing the cushion disc stiffness at lower axial load (300 N) and by controlling the clutch disc parallelism within a tight tolerance range. The effect of these modifications on different launch conditions is also explained in detail in the present work. The paper gives a holistic view of improving the launch performance of any vehicle without compromising any other parameter.
Hybrid Belt Driven Starter Generator Electric Motor Shaft and Claw Poles Press Fit Simulation and Correlation with Physical Measurements
Authors: Neelakandan Varatharaj , Ekambaram Ashok kumar , Ganesan Thulasirajan , Radhakrishnan Muruganandam , Chakrapani Rao Praveen
Published: February 2023

Belt-driven starter generator claw pole electric motors are used in hybrid automobiles to start the engine, charge the battery and to power the electrical system when its engine is running. Shaft and claw pole are important components in the claw pole electric motor. The claw pole is fitted onto the shaft through press-fit force. Press-fit is a widely used fastening process to join two different components by pushing a component inside or over another component with high press force which will create a strong bond between the components. Determining press-fit force required to assemble parts is very complex since it depends on a lot of factors such as mechanical material properties of components, interference fit condition whether it is in Min, mean and max condition, amount of contact pressure induced by contact surface, co-efficient of friction created in between components. The press-fit will help to prevent loosening components from its bond at high torque and speed. More over prediction of press-fit force is required to select pneumatic/hydraulic press machine capacity and to freeze the standard operating procedure in the assembly line. In this journal, the required shaft and claw poles press-fit force predicted to assemble for Min, mean and max fit condition by adopting contact non-linearity and material non-linearity technique in Finite element analysis (FEA) using Ansys Workbench and compared the FEA calculated results with theoretical calculation, physical measurements.
Finite Element Modeling of Elastic Properties of Flax Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Composites
Authors: ASEER J. RONALD , Elsen Renold , RILWAN MOHAMMED
Published: February 2023

Natural fibers are extracted from plant can be used as a fiber reinforcement in polymer based materials which provides anisotropic mechanical properties due to their interior microstructure. In our county, flax fiber is available in nature abundantly which is widely used for manufacturing of composites for automotive and aerospace application. In these work, young modulus of fiber composites is determined by using mathematical models. Finite element model is used to determine the modulus properties of flax fiber epoxy composites by varying fiber ratio. The analysis results indicated that finite element model results are correlated with mathematical of flax fiber reinforced epoxy composites.
Design Analysis of Multipole Sensor Magnet for Peel off Strength of the Plastic Bonded Magnet from the Metal Cup
Authors: N D Senthil Ram , ramasamy Rajeshkumar , Sivathanu Seenuvas , Manoharan Sathishkumar , Ganesan Thulasirajan , Radhakrishnan Muruganandam , Chakrapani Rao Praveen
Published: February 2023

In this paper, the study of plastic bonded magnetic material is studied for the surface adhesion of the material on to the surface of a metal cup. The bonded magnetic material is formed as a mixture of plastic material blended with ferrite or NdFeB Magnetic powder. The amount of magnetic material used is confined to the magnetic property of the magnetic powder that can exhibit the required magnetic performance as higher rotational speed and higher temperature. The magnet is injection moulded onto the outer circumference of the metal cup. The magnet is bonded onto the metal surface which is of cup shape and this assembly is magnetized to form a multipole magnet. This multipole magnet is designed to withstand high centrifugal force during the magnet rotation at higher rpm say 40000 rpm. For improving the adhesion properties with the two dissimilar material, the plastic bonded magnetic material and metal cup with zinc plating, the design on the metal cup is probed in detail and simulation has been carried out using FEA software. The adhesion of this two material binding is to be confined and confined to the properties of the plastic material in the mixture of the plastic bonded magnetic material.
Design and Optimization of Laminated Composite Plate for Maximum Fundamental Frequency
Authors: Krishnan Jegadeesan , Krishnapillai Shankar , Elsen Renold , Chandrasekaran Shravankumar , Rao Dr.T V V L N
Published: February 2023

Fundamental frequency determination can help us to find where the resonance will happen. The need of dynamics characteristic is one of the major concerns to find the natural frequency. This paper aims to find the natural frequency of a laminated composite plate and optimizing the plate to get maximum frequency. Finding the optimum design by experimentally are more expensive. To avoid the complications now a days the researchers are using computational method. The present work offering an approach to design optimization of a composite plate with FEA tool and to achieve different combinations of objective using Design of Experiment (DOE) and the maximization of the fundamental natural frequency by using ANSYS Design explorer.
CFD Analysis on Waste Heat Recovery Unit for Boiler Plant
Authors: U S Jyothi , Ahmed Khan Muddassir
Published: February 2023

A waste heat recovery unit (WHRU) is an energy recovery heat exchanger that recovers heat from hot streams with high energy contents. In this study, the modification of the design of the waste heat recovery unit which receives flue gases from the boiler in order extract the heat from flue gases and enhance the heat transfer rate. Generally, the body of the waste heat recovery unit of the boiler is made up of Aluminium which receives exhaust gases from the boiler plant through two inlets of different sizes which connected to exhaust outlets of the plant. This unit assists to extract the heat from the flue gases with help of rubber jacket wrapped around it which has inlet and outlet for circulation of water in order to extract the heat from the flue gases. Due to wear and tear of the rubber jacket which leads leakage of the water and steam, leads to poor exchange of heat and hence needs frequent replacement instead of service. To overcome the problems of rubber jacket life, an attempt is made by replacing the rubber jacket with coiled pipes on both the ducts of the unit, further by increasing the rigidity of the body with improved thickness in order to have reduced vibrations. Using CFD analysis the velocity streamlines before and after modification of the design are compared and hear transfer rates are evaluated for analysis using Duct temperature contours for both counter and parallel flow approaches.
Optical Surface Roughness Evaluation of Ground Specimens Using Speckle Line Images
Authors: J Mahashar Ali , H PhD Siddhi Jailani , Mariappan Murugan , S Mohamed Fahad
Published: February 2023

A well-established method of surface roughness measurement is of stylus-based. The filtering effect of the stylus tip is the major lacuna of the process. So in the present study, a vision based 100% inspection procedure is proposed for the characterization of ground specimens. A CMOS camera, and monochromatic line laser source were used for capturing speckle line images of the ground specimens. Signal vectors were generated from each of the surface images of ground specimens using MATLAB software. On the other hand the roughness of the ground specimens, particularly the Arithmetic roughness average (Ra) & Arithmetic mean slope (Rda) were computed using a stylus instrument. It was found that standard deviation and kurtosis having good correlation with the image pixel intensity of the signal vectors with the correlation coefficient of 0.96 & 0.89 for Ra and 0.86 & 0.82 for Rda respectively. So we conclude that the speckle line images can be used for in-situ surface roughness evaluation of the ground specimens.
Ergonomic Study of Occupant Seating Using Near-Vertical Posture for Shared Mobility Applications
Authors: Dutta Gunotpal , Bhalerao Mihir , Dharmar Ganesh , Parikh Darshak
Published: February 2023

Transportation system is at the brink of revolution and many new ways of mobility are arising in the market to ease the pressure on the established transportation infrastructure. Many companies and governments around the world are exploring innovative options in the space of shared mobility to reduce the overall carbon footprint. To expedite the adoption of shared mobility in India, it is necessary to make such options comfortable and cost-effective. One of the most effective way to make shared mobility options cost effective is to comfortably increase occupancy per vehicle footprint.

This paper aims to evaluate a novel method of occupant seating to identify the maximum number of passengers a vehicle can accommodate without significant impact on occupant comfort. It is assumed that shared mobility options are used for a short duration of commute, and hence the comfort of the seat can be marginally compromised to increase the total number of occupants. This paper studies the relation between occupant comfort and the seating posture. The resulting study is used to evaluate the possible increase in vehicle occupancy. Seating postures, ranging from flat seat to a near-vertical posture, are analyzed and the trade-off between number of occupants inside the vehicle and occupant comfort is studied with respect to the cushion angle. The results of the paper can be referred while designing the seating system for shared mobility.
Retainers (Backup Rings), Hydraulic and Pneumatic, Polytetrafluoroethylene Resin, Single Turn, Scarf-Cut, For Use in AS5857 Static Glands
Authors:   A-6C2 Seals Committee
Published: February 2023

This SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) specifies scarf-cut polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) retainers (backup rings) for use in static glands in accordance with AS5857. They are usually for use in hydraulic and pneumatic systems as anti-extrusion devices in conjunction with O-rings and other seals.
Precision Dancing
Authors: Cohen-Stratyner Barbara
Published: February 2023

Precision dancing epitomizes industrial production lines in the modernist era. The genre previewed the precision and formalism that is more associated with graphics and decorative art of the 1920s. Both a mass choral movement and a popular entertainment specialty, it symbolized good and bad aspects of American culture, and referenced militarism and mechanization to audiences in theatres, picture palaces and motion pictures on both sides of the Atlantic. The moving of large numbers of people in unison can be traced historically to both military manoeuvres and ballet, but the stage specialty is popularly associated with the Tiller Girls, troupes of six to eight short female dancers trained at John Tiller’s studio in Manchester, England in the 1890s. They appeared in extravaganzas, burlesques and pantomimes, as lines of jewels (in Aladdin’s cave) or flowers. A team of Tiller girls appeared in New York as The Original English Pony Ballet in Dolly Dollars (1905), and inspired the inclusion of short dancer precision lines in Broadway and vaudeville musicals and revues. Spurred by the popularity of twin and tandem acts in vaudeville, precision line dancing emerged as a popular, American genre in the 1920s, as vaudeville gave way to Prologues, the short shows that alternated with feature films in the ‘picture palaces’. In the latter format, precision lines became associated with the tallest dancers, whose long legs emphasized unison kicks. They often appeared in newsreels and were featured as aural components of the radio broadcasts emanating from the theatres.
Panofsky, Erwin (1892–1968)
Authors: Elder Bruce
Published: February 2023

Erwin Panofsky was a German-American art historian who from 1926 to 1933 worked alongside Ernst Cassirer (1874–1945) at the University of Hamburg and at the Bibliothek Warburg. From the outset, he was critical of approaches (such as Heinrich Wöfflin’s [1964–1945]) that divorced form from content. Panofsky first outlined his historically and socially based iconological approach to the analysis of an art work in Hercules am Scheidewege und andere antike Bildstoffe in der neuen Kunst (1930), and elaborated it in a more systematic form in Studies in Iconology (1939).
al-Sayyāb, Badr Shākir (1926–1964)
Authors: Tramontini Leslie
Published: February 2023

Badr Shākir al-Sayyāb is the unrivalled champion of the Arab Free Verse movement. One of the most well-known poets of the twentieth century, he revolutionized modern Arab poetry with his experiments in form, language, and content. Sayyāb introduced political commitment (iltizām) as concept into his poetry, interweaving it with myths of martyrdom and self-sacrifice in search for a better society. Coupling political commitment with a new form, radically breaking with the traditional classical forms and tropes, Sayyāb succeeded in liberating Arab poetry from the restraints and restrictions of its literary conventions. Even though later on it turned out that Sayyāb’s Weltanschauung had been too naïve, he is the undisputed master of a new lyrical diction and sensitivity that paved the way for the following generations.
Brod, Max (1884–1968)
Authors: Sawicki Nicholas
Published: February 2023

Max Brod was one of the most influential figures of the modernist literary scene in Prague, as well as its most important chronicler and promoter. Best remembered today for his role in preserving and editing the work of his close friend Franz Kafka, Brod was himself a writer of extraordinary breadth and output. Among the most prolific German-language critics and authors of the twentieth century, he published hundreds of essays and works of criticism over the course of his life, along with a range of other publications that included novels, biographies, memoirs and translations. Brod was a leading public intellectual in interwar Czechoslovakia and later in Israel, where he emigrated in 1939, and he also wrote extensively on Judaism and Zionism.

Brod grew up in an acculturated German-speaking Jewish household in Prague. He studied law at Prague University and there befriended Kafka, a fellow student. After earning his law degree in 1907, Brod went on to work in a series of administrative positions for the postal service, while at the same time fully devoting himself to writing. Through these efforts he became close to other Jewish Prague writers of the same generation, including Kafka, Oskar Baum, Felix Weltsch, and Franz Werfel. Brod would later term this group of friends the ‘Prague Circle’ in his eponymous memoir Der Prager Kreis (1966), and he was instrumental in promoting them as emerging modernist authors.
Greenberg, Uri Tzvi (1896–1981)
Authors: Weinenger Melissa
Published: February 2023

The Hebrew and Yiddish poet Uri Tzvi Greenberg was born in 1896 in the Austro-Hungarian Empire, in a shtetl, or village, called Biały Kamień in eastern Galicia and raised in the city of Lemberg (now Lviv, Ukraine). In many ways, he embodied the crisis of modernity, caught between the demands of language, culture, and ideology. Greenberg began his career as a young man with romantic poetry, but soon began to experiment with modernist techniques. He was one of the originators of Yiddish Expressionism, which found voice in his avant-garde journal of the 1920s, Albatros. After a move to Palestine in 1924, Greenberg began to write largely in Hebrew, forging new poetic forms and challenging the traditional norms of modern Hebrew poetry.
Gumilev, Nikolai (ГУМИЛЕВ, НИКОЛАЙ) (1886–1921)
Authors: Wang Emily
Published: February 2023

Nikolai Gumilev was a Russian writer known for his poetry, translations, and literary criticism. He is also remembered as the founder of the Acmeist movement, which included such outstanding poets as Anna Akhmatova (his wife) and Osip Mandelstam. He was born near St Petersburg and lived there for most of his life, but he also travelled extensively, most famously to Africa. Gumilev distinguished himself as one of the few writers of his generation to serve in the First World War. After the war, he returned to Russia, but did not embrace the new Soviet government. In 1921 he was arrested and executed for alleged participation in a Tsarist conspiracy.
Leroux, Etienne (1922–1989)
Authors: Du Plooy Heilna
Published: February 2023

Etienne Leroux was the pseudonym of Stephanus Petrus Daniël le Roux. He was an innovative and eccentric writer, considered to be the greatest novelist among the Sestigers and in Afrikaans literature generally. His influence can be seen in many later novels by younger writers and his novels are still required reading at universities. S.P.D. le Roux was born in Oudtshoorn in 1922 where he also grew up. He came from a distinguished family who owned a large estate in the southern Free State. He studied law at the University of Stellenbosch and worked with a firm of attorneys in Bloemfontein for a short time. He went to manage the farm Ja-Nee in 1946 and from that time onwards he was a full time writer and farmer.
Parole in Libertà
Authors: Fabietti Elena
Published: February 2023

Translatable as ‘words in freedom’ or ‘liberated words’, the phrase Parole in Libertà is an essential slogan of the Italian Futurist movement, and refers to a radical new way of using literary language and liberating it from the bounds of tradition. First coined by Filippo Tommaso Marinetti in the ‘Technical Manifesto of Futurist Literature’ (1912) and further defined in texts such as ‘Destruction of Syntax/Imagination without Strings/Words-in-Freedom’ (1913) and ‘Geometric and Mechanical Splendor and the Numerical Sensibility’ (1914), the phrase has come to define the entire futurist aesthetic of visual language. The technique primarily applies to the invention of specific tables of words (tavole parolibere) artfully arranged in typographical innovative patterns (e.g. through the procedure of ‘typographic analogy’, where, the verb ‘to go down’ has to graphically mimic the action of descending).
Rakosi, Carl (1903–2004)
Authors: Shoemaker Steven
Published: February 2023

Carl Rakosi was an innovative American poet associated with the Objectivist movement in American poetry. His career spanned much of the twentieth century and extended into the twenty-first, and his poetry has been noted for its moral seriousness, humour, irony, and wit. As a young poet publishing in the various little magazines of the modernist period, Rakosi came to the attention of Louis Zukofsky, who would initiate his lifelong involvement with the Objectivists.
Salons and Coteries
Authors: Gammel Irene
Published: February 2023

Originating in the eighteenth century as part of the bourgeois public sphere, salons were institutions of modern culture, led by the figure of the salonière, as Emily Bilsky and Emily Braun have argued in Jewish Women and their Salons: The Power of Conversation (2005). Whereas traditional salons emanated from Tischgesellschaften (table societies) and were linked to inclusiveness and reason (Habermas 1989, 34–5), the modernist salons cultivated play with ludic and erotic identities, ‘disrupt[ing] the public sphere’s ideal of transparency’ (Dean 2001, 245). Modernist salons also became vehicles for ‘advancing and disseminating new art movements’ (Bilski and Braun 2005, 84).
Stadler, Ernst (1883–1914)
Authors: Boes Tobias
Published: February 2023

Ernst Stadler was a German expressionist poet, best known for his 1914 collection Der Aufbruch, selections of which were included by Kurt Pinthus in his ground-breaking anthology Menschheitsdämmerung (The Dawn of Humanity, 1919). Born in the Alsatian town of Colmar, Stadler grew up in Strasbourg and began publishing poems as a teenager. He joined the ‘Stürmer-Kreis’, a coterie of writers hoping to rejuvenate artistic life in Alsatia, and in 1904 published an early collection of poems, Praeludien, which was strongly influenced by aestheticism. Stadler taught German and comparative literature in Strasbourg and Brussels before being summoned to his post as a reserve officer in the German Army at the outbreak of the First World War.
Sutzkever, Avrom (1913–2010)
Authors: Rozenfeld Anna
Published: February 2023

Avrom Sutzkever was one of the greatest Yiddish poets of the twentieth century. A true virtuoso of words, he revolutionised and enriched the language of his ancestors, introducing new terms into Yiddish. Characteristic is his own innovative style and creative approach to the language: he carefully chooses his words and arranges them in a multi-layered, intricate fabric of meanings. Notable is his role in keeping Yiddish alive: he consistently created in Yiddish; he fought for this language when living in Israel after the Second World War.
Hofman, Vlastislav (1884–1964)
Authors: Sawicki Nicholas
Published: February 2023

Vlastislav Hofman was an architect, graphic artist, and stage designer who gave shape to Czech Cubist architecture and avant-garde stage design. In his early career he was known for his drawings, linocuts, and woodcuts of mostly unrealised architectural projects, inspired by both Parisian Cubism and the historical building traditions of Czech baroque and gothic architecture. He subsequently gained prominence as a designer for the theatre in inter-war Czechoslovakia.
Lindsay, Norman Alfred Williams (1879–1969)
Authors: Galletly Sarah
Published: February 2023

Norman Lindsay was one of Australia’s most prominent (and most notorious) artists in the early twentieth century. Throughout his extensive career he worked in a variety of media—pen and ink, oils, etching, sculpting—supporting his family through his work as a cartoonist, illustrator, journalist, and novelist. A figure of consistent media interest due to the moral outrage and questions of impropriety surrounding his extensive use of nudes and religious imagery in his artwork, his novels Redheap (1930) and The Cautious Amorist (1934) were both initially banned in Australia despite their critical and commercial success in Great Britain and the USA. Given this reputation, it is perhaps surprising that his most enduring literary contribution is his illustrated children’s novel The Magic Pudding (1918). Despite his early notoriety, Lindsay’s artwork sold well throughout his lifetime, his work as a cartoonist and illustrator for the Bulletin playing a prominent role in setting the style and tone of this iconic Australian periodical.
Martínez Delgado, Santiago (1906–1954)
Authors: Iguavita Cesar Peña
Published: February 2023

Alongside Sergio Trujillo, Santiago Martínez Delgado is considered to be one of the most representative Colombian Art Deco artists. The blooming period of Martínez’s work coincides with the implementation of economic policies associated with capitalist modernisation in 1930s Latin America. Thus, his artwork captures a transitional moment in the history of Colombia. His formal language reflects the modernist impulse of avant-garde movements, even as his paintings and murals reflect an attachment to the traditional values of Colombian society. During his years as a student at the Chicago Academy of Arts, Martínez was exposed to the contrasting influences of American Art Deco and the artwork produced by the artists of the WPA.
Moholy-Nagy, László (1895–1946)
Authors: Botar Oliver I.
Published: February 2023

Born in Bácsborsód, Hungary, László Moholy-Nagy was one of the most influential teachers, designers, and theoreticians of twentieth-century Modernism. As a professor at the Bauhaus (1923–8) and a central figure of International Constructivism, he pioneered modern interdisciplinary art and design practice and opposed traditional media hierarchies, thereby heralding the post-war media art revolution. In 1922, with Alfréd Kemény he authored ‘Dynamic-Constructive Energy System’, a manifesto of kinetic, participatory art applied in his proposal for an immersive Kinetic-Constructive System (1928). In 1922–3 he prefigured conceptual art in the Emaille series, ordered from an enamel sign-maker using graph-paper sketches and standardised colours. In Malerei, Photographie, Film (1927), a key manifesto of twentieth-century media art, he regarded technology as an extension of our sensorium, influencing media theorists Walter Benjamin, Sigfried Giedion, and Marshall McLuhan. Regarding light as ‘raw material’, Moholy-Nagy saw painting as just one possible form of ‘light art’. He conceptualised expanded cinema and coined the term ‘New Vision’ to refer to his call for sensory training and his reform of photography based on the camera’s technical capabilities. His mechanised Light Prop for an Electric Stage (1930) projected kinetic coloured light patterns, establishing kinetic light art. With Walter Gropius he edited bauhaus (1926–8) and the bauhausbücher series (1925–9).
Yimsiri, Khien (1922–1971)
Authors: Chotpradit Thanavi
Published: February 2023

Khien Yimsiri was a pioneer of modern Thai sculpture and an influential teacher of sculpture at Silpakorn University, Bangkok. Born in Bangkok, he graduated from Rongrian Praneetsilapakam (School of Fine Arts, now Silpakorn University) in 1941.

In his early career, he won prestigious awards at the National Exhibition of Art and received scholarships to study abroad. In 1949, Yimsiri studied under the guidance of Henry Moore at Chelsea College of Art and Design in London. He was also exposed to European modern art during his scholarship at the Academy of Fine Arts of Rome from 1953 to 1954. The revival of traditionalism in Thailand during 1940s and as well as Yimsiri’s work at the Fine Art Department provided him with the chance to explore Thai cultural heritage. Buddha Statues, spiritual dolls, terracotta toys and votive tablets from the Sukhothai era (1238–1438) became sources of inspiration for him, in addition to Western semi-abstract sculptures.
Study on Undamped Force Vibrations of a Spring Using Different Methods
Authors: kulkarni1 Shilpa , Mahagaonka Pralahad
Published: February 2023

In this paper we have been discussed the numerical technical solutions for some undamped force vibrations of a spring problem using Runge-Kutta fourth order classical method and Eulers Modified Method. These two methods are very well known numerical methods in physical and mathematical sciences.
Diabetes: Eine Wissensgeschichte der modernen Medizin, 1900-1960
Authors: Falk Oliver
Published: February 2023

Der sich selbst behandelnde Kranke: Über die Herausbildung eines neuen Patiententypus am Beispiel der Diabetestherapie. Schon Jahre bevor der Hormonwirkstoff Insulin die Diabetestherapie Anfang der 1920er revolutionierte und das Leben abertausender Diabetiker weltweit von Grund auf verändern sollte, vertrat der renommierte US-amerikanische Diabetesspezialist Elliott Proctor Joslin (1869-1962) die Auffassung, dass ein diabetischer Patient seine eigene Krankenschwester, sein eigener Chemiker und der Assistent seines behandelnden Arztes sein solle. Eine bemerkenswerte Position zu einer Zeit, die gemeinhin als eine gilt, in der die Verwissenschaftlichungstendenzen einer ohnehin paternalistisch geprägten Medizin zu einer weitreichenden Marginalisierung von Patienten und Patientinnen geführt habe. Auf der Suche nach den Gründen dieser für die erste Hälfte des 20. Jahrhunderts ungewöhnlichen Interaktionspraxis zwischen Ärzten und Patienten leuchtet Oliver Falk in seinem Buch die Herausbildung und Konstituierung dieses kooperierenden, aktiven, sich selbst behandelnden Patient:innentypus aus, der lange vor organisierten Patientenbewegungen und »Citizen Science« konstitutiv für die moderne Diabetestherapie werden sollte. Dabei zeigt er detailliert den engen epistemologischen Zusammenhang zwischen therapeutischem Handeln und wissenschaftlichem Erkenntnisstreben auf und verdeutlicht, dass alltägliches therapeutisches Handeln nicht allein Resultat laborwissenschaftlicher und klinischer Forschungspraxis ist, sondern selbst zum Kern medizinisch-wissenschaftlicher Erkenntnisprozesse gezählt werden muss.