bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effect of air-cooling heat treatment on the microstructure and phase transformations of structural steels
Authors: Aktarer Semih Mahmut
Published: December 2024

The aim of this study was to investigate the microstructure, phase transformations, and hardness changes of S235JR, S275JR, and S355JR structural steels after air-cooled heat treatment. The steel samples were austenitized at 1000°C and then cooled in air, and the sample temperatures were recorded with a thermocouple during cooling. The microstructure and phase transformations of the samples were analyzed both experimentally and with the Computerized Combining Phase Diagrams and Thermochemistry (CALPHAD) material property software. It was observed that higher carbon and manganese levels in structural steels lower the phase transformation temperatures, promote bainite formation, reduce the average ferrite grain size, and consequently lead to an increase in hardness. The phase ratios and hardness values were determined by the predicted experimental results with a deviation of less than 3%. These results show that a balanced ferrite and bainite phase distribution is achieved air cooling and the software effectively models these transformations.
Spatial-Temporal Characteristics of Green Development Level in River Basin
Authors: Zhou Ying , Tian Huan , Hu Dan , Hu Huimin , Shen Qiong
Published: December 2024

The Tuojiang Basin accounts for 30.8% of Sichuan Province's GDP, but the total water resources account for only 3.5%, resulting in increasing problems of water shortage, environmental deterioration and pollution, which further affects green development in the Basin. The objective of this paper is to investigate the green development of the Basin, expose deficiencies and ultimately unravel the path toward green development in the river basin of China. This paper was based on a green development measurement system under Economy-Nature-Resource-Society-Pollution perspectives and used Crtic method to calculate the weights of system indicators. Then Gray Correlation-Topsis evaluation model was used to measure green development level from 2009 to 2020. Finally, spatial evolution of green development in Tuojiang Basin was analyzed through Moran Index. The results showed that economy and pollution are the important factors of green development. And overall green development level was showing a trend of decreasing first then rising, which reached the lowest in 2014 and highest in 2019. Moreover, all cities in Tuojiang Basin except Ziyang reached a high level of green development in 2020. This paper added various pressure indicators produced by environmental pollution to the index system and enriched the evaluation index system for green development. Doi: 10.28991/HIJ-2024-05-04-014 Full Text: PDF
Performance Evaluation of Extended EWMA Chart for AR Model with Exogenous Variables
Authors: Muangngam Totsaporn , Areepong Yupaporn , Sukparungsee Saowanit
Published: December 2024

The extended exponentially weighted moving average (Extended EWMA) control chart is an effective statistical process control method for monitoring and identifying shifts in process mean, particularly when dealing with autocorrelated data. One key performance measure used to evaluate the capability of control charts in detecting changes is the average run length (ARL). The primary goal of this study is to present the explicit formulas for calculating the ARL of the extended EWMA control chart for autoregressive models with exogenous variables (ARX) and exponential white noise. Another purpose is to compare the performance of the extended EWMA and the classical EWMA control charts under various conditions. The explicit formulas are derived from the ARL integral equation, which is expressed by the Fredholm integral equation. The accuracy of the exact solutions has been verified using the numerical integral equation (NIE) methods that employ four different composite quadrature rules. The result shows that the ARL values obtained from both methods are similar, and the computation time for the proposed explicit formulas is less than 0.001 second. In comparing the two control charts, it is evident that the extended EWMA control chart outperforms the traditional control chart in detecting shifts in the process mean, as confirmed by various overall performance criteria. Additionally, two real datasets, namely SCB stock price and GDP percentage expansions, are applied to demonstrate the effectiveness of the relevant control charts. Doi: 10.28991/HIJ-2024-05-04-03 Full Text: PDF
Exploring Key Factors Influencing Sports Enthusiasts' Purchase of Sponsored Brands
Authors: Guo Zhaoxia , Guo Jinhui , Chen Shih-Chih
Published: December 2024

This research examines the purchasing intentions of soccer enthusiasts in China regarding products from sports sponsorship brands, extending the theory of planned behavior. The main goal is to evaluate how attitudes, subjective norms, brand identification, perceived brand quality, and corporate social responsibility influence these intentions. Data were gathered from 321 active soccer players using a structured questionnaire and analyzed with confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling. Results show that attitudes, subjective norms, brand identification, and perceived brand quality significantly affect purchasing intentions. Furthermore, attitudes partially mediate the relationships between subjective norms, brand identification, perceived brand quality, and purchasing intentions. Corporate social responsibility also emerges as a vital factor, shaping brand identification, which in turn influences purchasing behavior. The findings indicate that sports sponsorship brands can increase purchasing intentions by enhancing product quality, engaging in corporate social responsibility, and fostering strong brand identification. This study offers a fresh perspective by applying the theory of planned behavior within the sports sponsorship context, enriching both theoretical insights and practical strategies. The results provide valuable recommendations for brand managers aiming to boost consumer engagement and loyalty through sponsorship initiatives. Doi: 10.28991/HIJ-2024-05-04-07 Full Text: PDF
A fotografia como instrumento da dialética anúncio/denúncia: diálogo com a decolonialidade na busca por olhares outros
Authors: Saboia Tiago
Published: December 2024

Este artigo tem como objetivo construir reflexões acerca do fazer fotográfico situado no contexto da Investigação-Ação-Participativa comprometida ética e politicamente com o fortalecimento das estratégias insurgentes e emancipadoras das condições de colonialidade do ser, saber e poder. Nesse sentido, partindo de uma decolonialidade do ver, propomos um diálogo entre referenciais decoloniais e autores cujo posicionamento político colaboram com a opção decolonial, como Orlando Fals Borda, Paulo Freire, Franz Fanon e Boaventura de Souza Santos. No bojo dessas discussões, assumimos um fazer fotográfico que esteja a serviço das causas populares e em permanente diálogo e compromisso com a superação das condições de subalternidade impostas pela matriz moderno/colonial, principalmente o racismo. Assim, o fotografar dialógico ou sentipensante apresentado neste artigo assume tanto um compromisso metodológico quanto um compromisso social e político na pesquisa.
Adaptation and Shortening of the Right-Wing Authoritarianism (RWA) Scale for the Ukrainian Context: Evidence from a Bias-Corrected Confirmatory Factor Analysis of Longitudinal Data
Authors: Tsymbal Taras , Sazonova Valeriia
Published: December 2024

Adaptation and Shortening of the Right-Wing Authoritarianism (RWA) Scale for the Ukrainian Context: Evidence from a Bias-Corrected Confirmatory Factor Analysis of Longitudinal Data
What Determines Trust in Local Governance During the War in Ukraine?
Authors: Hatsko Valentyn
Published: December 2024

This study explores the factors shaping trust in local governance during wartime in Ukraine, emphasizing the relevance of this topic amid large-scale decentralization reforms and the 2022 full-scale Russian invasion. The research draws on data from the USAID HOVERLA project, analyzing 33,626 survey responses from 86 hromadas across seven oblasts. Survey-weighted linear regression models are employed to examine trust dynamics in local government institutions and starostas (headmen), incorporating socio-demographic factors, satisfaction with services, budget transparency, civic optimism, and citizen participation. The findings highlight the importance of service performance, transparency, and responsiveness in building public trust. Transparent budget management and responsiveness to citizen feedback emerge as critical drivers, mediating the relationship between participation and trust. While trust in local government reflects systemic performance, trust in starostas is influenced by personal engagement and visibility. Socio-demographic differences, such as higher trust among rural residents, older individuals, and women, further shape these dynamics. The study concludes that trust operates through both “consumer” logic-rooted in service satisfaction – and “citizen” logic, emphasizing accountability and fairness. Recommendations include prioritizing resource transparency, ensuring meaningful responses to citizen engagement, and strengthening the role of starostas in rural communities to foster resilience and trust under crisis conditions.
Histological Study of Effect of Oral Administration of Monosodium Glutamate (MSG) on Duodenum of Wistar Rats
Authors: Rahayu Mulyati Sri , Perwira Awaludin Lambang Rizki , Wahyuni Sri
Published: December 2024

Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is a widely marketed flavor enhancer that is regularly consumed. MSG is toxic to several organs including the small intestine. Previous studies have reported the effects of high doses of MSG; however, these findings are not directly applicable to equivalent human intakes. This study aimed to investigate the effect of MSG on the duodenum in rats administered with human average daily intake (ADI). Twenty-four adult male Wistar rats weighing 150–250 g at the age of 8-12 weeks were divided into four experimental groups (n = 6): normal control group (C), group 1 (0.378 mg/g b.wt), group 2 (0.756 mg/g b.wt), and group 3 (1.512 mg/g b.wt) oral MSG per day for 21 days. Duodenaltissue was dissected and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) for histological examination. Data analysis was performed using the Kruskal-Wallis test (p 0.05). The average height of the villus was calculated for each group: control (1047.40 ± 158.0 µm), Group 1 (850.68 ± 202.38 µm), Group 2 (906.29 ± 416.63 µm), and Group 3 (877.55 ± 154.65 µm). There was a difference in the height of the villi between all groups; however, there was no statistically significant difference compared with the control group (p = 0.384). The control group showed a normal appearance of the duodenal mucosa without inflammatory cells. In contrast, the treatment group showed inflammatory cell infiltration and lacked distinct brush-border structures. Our study showed that administration of MSG at an estimated dose of human ADIresulted in histological damage to the duodenum.
PENGARUH LAMA WAKTU FERMENTASI DAN BANYAKNYA RAGI PADA PROSES PRODUKSI MINYAK KEMIRI MENGGUNAKAN METODE FERMENTASI
Authors: Qisti Ruhul , Suryati Suryati , Sylvia Novi , Azhari Azhari , Hakim Lukman
Published: December 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji pengaruh variasi penambahan ragi roti dan lama fermentasi terhadap proses pembuatan minyak kemiri. Parameter yang diuji adalah rendemen, kadar air, asam lemak bebas, densitas, bilangan penyabunan dan indeks bias minyak kemiri. Bahan utama penelitian adalah biji kemiri sebanyak 300 gram untuk satu kali proses, kemudian digiling dan diperas hingga menghasilkan santan. Selanjutnya santan ditaruh dalam wadah dan ditambahkan ragi roti sebanyak 5 gram, 10 gram, 15 gram dan 20 gram dengan lama fermentasi 8 jam, 10 jam, 12 jam dan 14 jam. Selanjutnya air dan ampasnya dipisahkan kemudian dimasak pada suhu 60°C selama 50 menit, kemudian ditaruh dalam wadah dan diendapkan selama 24 jam. Rendemen minyak kemiri terbaik diperoleh pada perlakuan pemberian ragi roti sebanyak 10 gram dan lama fermentasi 14 jam sebanyak 15,51%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan penambahan ragi roti sebanyak 15 gram dan lama fermentasi 14 jam menghasilkan kadar air minyak paling rendah yaitu sebesar 0,174%. Asam lemak bebas paling rendah terdapat pada penambahan ragi roti sebanyak 20 gram dan lama fermentasi 14 jam sebesar 0,1381%. Berat jenis minyak kemiri yang dihasilkan hampir sesuai dengan standar SNI yaitu pada lama fermentasi 14 jam dan jumlah ragi roti yang digunakan sebanyak 15 gram sebesar 0,935 gr/ml. Angka penyabunan minyak kemiri yang hampir sesuai dengan standar SNI terdapat pada lama fermentasi 20 jam dengan jumlah ragi sebanyak 20 gram sebesar 183 mh KOH/g sampel. Angka indeks bias minyak kemiri paling rendah terdapat pada lama fermentasi 14 jam dengan jumlah ragi sebanyak 20 gram sebesar 2,1. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ragi roti dapat digunakan untuk membuat minyak kemiri dengan teknik fermentasi.
EKSTRAKSI DAUN PULUTAN (Urena lobata Linn) DENGAN METODE SONIKASI DAN UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERINYA
Authors: Fadillah Ummu Farah
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh konsentrasi etanol dalam proses ekstraksi daun pulutan terhadap aktivitas antibakteri, khususnya terhadap Propionibacterium acne, Staphylococcus aureus dan Staphylococcus epidermidis. Ekstraksi dilakukan dengan etanol pada konsentrasi 30%, 60%, dan 90%. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan konsentrasi etanol berbanding lurus dengan diameter daya hambat, meskipun rendemen yang diperoleh menurun. Rendemen tertinggi diperoleh dengan etanol 30% (36,36%), diikuti oleh etanol 60% (19,27%), dan terendah dengan etanol 90% (8,48%). Uji antibakteri menunjukkan kemampuan tertinggi terhadap S. aureus dan S. epidermidis dicapai dengan ekstrak etanol 90% pada konsentrasi 500 mg/mL. Penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa konsentrasi pelarut berperan penting dalam mengekstraksi senyawa bioaktif yang efektif dalam menekan perkembangan bakteri.
ADSORPSI ION LOGAM CD (II) DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN ADSORBEN DARI KULIT PINANG (ARECA CATECHU. L)
Authors: Deri Nur Octavia , Muslim Abrar , Husin Husni , Zulfikar Zulfikar
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat kemampuan kulit pinang dalam menyerap ion logam Cd (II), menentukan pengaruh konsentrasi awal adsorbat dan waktu pengontakan terhadap efisiensi penyerapan ion logam Cd (II). Untuk menganalisa kadar logam Cd (II) digunakan alat Spektrofotometri Serapan Atom (AAS). Variabel tetap yang digunakan pada massa adsorben (1 gram), volume larutan umpan (100 ml) dan kecepatan pengadukan (75 rpm). Variabel berubah terdiri dari konsentrasi larutan (9,83; 49,16; 98,32; 245,81; 511,62; dan 1023,24 ppm) dan waktu kontak (0, 10, 30, 60, dan 90 menit). Parameter penelitian yang ditinjau meliputi kapasitas adsorpsi, efisiensi penyerapan, dan hubungan temperatur operasi terhadap kapasitas adsorpsi. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh adsorpsi optimum terjadi pada konsentrasi larutan 1023,24 mg/L pada aktivasi kimia KOH 1 M dan pH 7. Nilai kapasitas adsorpsi dan nilai efisiensi penyerapan pada saat kesetimbangan berturut-turut adalah sebesar 99,781 mg/g dan 97,51%. Pada suhu ruangan dengan variasi konsentrasi awal larutan Cd (II) (1023,24; 511,62; 98,32; 49,16; 9,83 mg/L), adsorpsi kemungkinan menyerupai isotherm Freundlich dengan nilai korelasi (R2) 0,930. Untuk konstanta Freundlich (Kf) sebesar 4,32 mg/g, dan nilai 1/n sebesar 1,67. Pada suhu ruangan dengan konsentrasi awal larutan Cd (II) 1023,24 mg/L, adsorpsi mengikuti model kinetika orde dua dengan nilai konstanta kinetika (k2) sebesar 0,422 min-1 dan nilai kapasitas adsorpsi pada saat kesetimbangan (qe) adalah sebesar 89,158 mg/g.
CROSSING BORDERS: DIASPORIC IDENTITY AND CULTURAL DISPLACEMENT IN JHUMPA LAHIRI’S THE NAMESAKE
Authors: Qazi Khursheed Ahmad
Published: December 2024

This paper explores dual identity, cultural displacement, and intergenerational conflict in Jhumpa Lahiri’s The Namesake, a seminal work in diasporic literature. Through the lens of the protagonist, Gogol Ganguli, and his immigrant family, the novel captures vividly the struggles of navigating dual cultural landscapes, grappling with the alienation of being caught between tradition and modernity. Lahiri delves into the complexities of naming as a metaphor for identity, examining its role in shaping self-perception and cultural affiliation. By portraying the dynamics of assimilation and resistance in an increasingly multicultural world, the novel highlights the challenges faced by second-generation immigrants in reconciling inherited cultural values with contemporary societal expectations. This paper will explore how Lahiri’s narrative sheds light on the construction of hybrid identities, the significance of nostalgia, and the interplay between cultural preservation and adaptation. Ultimately, the analysis underscores The Namesake as a poignant reflection of the diasporic experience, illuminating the universal quest for belonging and self-discovery.
PERFORMANCE OF PRIMARY HEALTH CENTRES: A STUDY WITH REFERENCE TO VADAKARA PHC
Authors: Vayalambron Lijina
Published: December 2024

Health is an important part of human resources development. For creating healthy citizens in a society authorities should provide essential health care facilities and services. The essential step for provision of good health care is active working of the primary health centers. Primary health centres are designed for combined curative and preventive health needs of the rural people. Services of Primary health centers are availed by the people of all ages. The services included provision of vitamin tablets, iron tablets for pregnant woman, testing blood pressure, diabetics, vitamin deficiencies and immunization for infant and citizen. Additional physicians, health assistants and infrastructures facilities are vital in the primary health center in order to minimize the gap between supply and demand for health care. Access to health services, provision of essential medicine and security doctors are other bottlenecks in the primary health care scenario. Government should promote health care programs for deprived sections along with mass immunization and fertility control measures through primary health centers.
A STUDY ON IMPACT OF ONLINE SERVICES OF PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECTOR BANKS ON CUSTOMER SATISFACTION IN BENGALURU CITY
Authors: Kumar N Harish
Published: December 2024

Online banking services has many advantages over other traditional banking delivery methods. Online banking services provides banks with an increased customer base, cost savings, mass customization, product innovations, improved marketing, and communication, the ability to develop non-core businesses, and the ability to offer services regardless of geography and time constraints. With the development of new technology, Online banking services is expected to become a major banking method for customers. Online banking services reduces costs by providing customers with another means of accessing their accounts without physically visiting a bank. The main purpose of this study is to analyze impact of Online services of public and private sector banks on customer satisfaction in Bengaluru City and to measure their impact on customers in terms of customer satisfaction. 100 respondents each banking sectors (Public and private sector) who are using online banking services are chosen as a sample study. Regression analysis was used to find out the influence of online services on customer satisfaction. The research revealed that, the unique contribution for the variables of online services provided by public sector banks such as online loan services, FASTAG – recharge services, SMS banking services, online bill payments services and deposit services in predicting overall customer satisfaction in public sector Banks. The unique contribution for the variables of online services provided by private sector banks such as online banking services, Bharat Bill Pay-UPI Services, mobile banking/app services, ATM services and debit and credit card services, FASTAG – recharge services, online bill payments services in predicting overall customer satisfaction in private sector banks.
Harmful dye adsorption via chitosan-lecithin-pleurotus eryngii extract bionanosorbent: kinetic investigations
Authors: Yıldırım Ayfer , Acay Hilal
Published: December 2024

Bu çalışma anyonik (reaktif turuncu 16 (RO16), direkt sarı 50 (DY50), asit mavisi 25 (AB25) ve katyonik (malakit yeşili (MG), metilen mavisi (MB)) gibi çeşitli boyaların kitosan, lesitin ve mantar özütü ile hazırlanan nanopartiküllü biyonanosorbent (KLcPEE)’in adsorpsiyon kapasitesini analiz etmektedir. Biyosorbentin yüzeyini karakterize etmek için FE-SEM ve FTIR teknikleri kullanılmıştır. KLcPEE biyonanosorbent, MG, MB, RO16, DY50 ve AB25'in 100 mg/L sulu ortamı için sırasıyla 56,77, 59,76, 74,33, 83,45 ve 147,30'luk maksimum boya giderme kapasitesi sergilemiştir. KLcPEE biyonanosorbentteki tüm katyonik ve anyonik boyaların adsorpsiyon süreci, psödo 1.ci dereceden kinetik modeliyle uyumlu olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. Genel olarak, bu çalışma çevre dostu, sürdürülebilir, biy-olojik bir biyonanosorbent sunumakta ve KLcPEE, atık suda hızlı ve etkili organik katyonik ve anyonik boyaların adsorpsiyonu için önemli bir potansiyel sergilemektedir.
A Revıew On Kazakh Chıldren's Magazınes: Balalar
Authors: KAHRAMAN Mehmet
Published: December 2024

Çocuk dergileri yazılı ve görsel içerikli süreli yayınlar olup çocukların gelişim aşamalarını destekleyecek şekilde tasarlanır. Bu dergilerde çocukların bilgi, beceri ve ihtiyaçlarına uygun yazılı ve görsel araçlar kullanılır. Dil
ve üslup yönünden çocuklara hitap eden dergilerin içerik seçimi ‘‘çocuğa görelik ilkesine’’ göre şekillenir. ‘‘Balalar Âlemi/?�?�?�?�?�?�р Ә?�?�?�і’’ dergisinin iç ve dış yapı özellikleri ele alınmıştır. Bu çalışmada ‘‘Balalar
Älemi’’ dergisi ele alınmış, tarama modeli kullanılmış, veriler nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden belge analizi yöntemiyle incelenmiştir. Çalışmanın amacı, biçimsel dış yapı inceleme kriterlerini tespit etmek ve belirlenen bu kriterler
çerçevesinde çevrimiçi Balalar Älemi’’ dergisinin iç ve dış yapı bileşenlerini incelemektir. Tarafımızca ilk kez belirlenen bu kriterler çerçevesinde çevrimiçi ‘‘Balalar Älemi’’ dergisinin internet sayfasında bulunan üç tür dış
yapı bileşeni tespit edilmiştir. Bunlar genel olarak çizi-görseller; üzerine tıklanarak ulaşılan menüler, kaydırılarak ulaşılan içeriklerdir. İçeriksel bileşenler tek tek ele alınmış basılı dergi verileriyle karşılaştırmalı olarak
tartışılmıştır.
Pengaruh Fleksibilitas Kerja Terhadap Kepuasan Kerja Karyawan Hybrid Working Generasi Z dan Milenial pada PT XYZ
Authors: Ramadhan Naufal Rafif , Siti Rahmawati
Published: December 2024

Generation Z and Millennials have a major contribution in the availability of human resources in Indonesia's workforce in 2023 according to data from the Central Bureau of Statistics. According to Deloitte in 2022, the hybrid working trend is increasingly popular and preferred by this generation as their working model because it is considered more cost-effective and reduces stress on travel. PT XYZ is required to continue to be an adaptive company in accordance with one of the values in the corporate culture. PT XYZ understands the importance of strategic solutions in responding to this situation to make adaptive innovations to maintain productivity and increase company attractiveness by focusing on employee job satisfaction. Based on research from Knight Frank in 2022, work flexibility is considered an important factor in achieving these goals. This study aims to analyze the perceptions of PT XYZ employees about work flexibility and job satisfaction, and analyze the effect of work flexibility on job satisfaction. This research uses descriptive analysis method with Microsoft Excel and simple linear regression analysis with SPSS. The results stated that employees have a good perception of work flexibility and job satisfaction at PT XYZ. The results also state that work flexibility has a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction by 17.5 percent. It can be concluded that the level of job satisfaction will increase if employees get better work flexibility.
Isolasi dan Karakterisasi Bakteri Rhizobium asal Bintil Akar Tanaman Kacang Tanah (Arachis hypogaea) dan Koro Rawe (Mucuna bracteata)
Authors: Suryanti Erma , Nabilla Alnovara Yuan , Prastya Muhammad Eka  , Anggria sari Dian
Published: December 2024

Nitrogen (N) is naturally available in the form of N2. Nitrogen fixation can be facilitated by microbes such as Rhizobium bacteria, which can establish symbiosis with the roots of legume plants to form root nodules that perform nitrogen fixation. This study aims to determine the characteristics of Rhizobium bacteria in the root nodules of peanuts (Arachis hypogaea) and koro rawe (Mucuna bracteata). The methods used in this research include collecting root nodules, isolating Rhizobium bacteria, and identifying and characterizing these bacteria for their nitrogen fixation and phosphate solubilization capabilities. Characterization results on YEMA + Congo red media indicated that 10 out of 16 isolates from peanut root nodules and 30 out of 55 isolates from koro rawe root nodules were positive for Rhizobium bacteria. The nitrogen fixation activity test revealed that only 4 isolates from peanut root nodules and 6 from koro rawe root nodules exhibited nitrogen fixation ability in Jensen's medium. The highest phosphate solubilization index was obtained from isolate KK.5.1.1 (0.5±0.08), while the lowest was from isolate KK.5.2.2 (0.09±0.06). This research underscores the significance of Rhizobium in enhancing nitrogen availability and phosphate solubilization for legume plants.
Keragaman Tumbuhan Invasif di Perkebunan Sawit PT Perkebunan Nusantara II Deli Serdang, Sumatra Utara
Authors: Rambe Saidah Putri , Sulistijorini  , Chikmawati Tatik
Published: December 2024

Several species of weeds, categorized as invasive plants, are among the factors inhibiting plantation productivity. The uncontrolled spread and growth of these invasive plants can lead to both economic and ecological losses. This study aimed to analyze the diversity of invasive species in the palm oil plantation area of PT Perkebunan Nusantara II. Plant samples were collected by establishing sample plots in three different blocks using purposive sampling. Additionally, species identification and data analysis were conducted, including the Important Value Index (IVI), diversity index, similarity index, and evenness index. A total of 20 invasive species out of 61 weed species, belonging to 14 families, were identified. The invasive species are primarily herbs, climbing plants, and shrubs. Invasive species are dominated by families Poaceae and Asteraceae. Asystasia gangetica, Mitracarpus hirtus, Peperomia pellucida, and Phyllanthus urinaria were found in all three blocks. However, based on the IVI value, only three invasive species were found to significantly affect the community: P. urinaria, Setaria plicata, and P. pellucida.
The Effect of Lockdown During the Covid-19 Pandemic on Bird Species Richness at IPB Dramaga Campus
Authors: Hidayat Haris  Akbar , Dewanti Anindya , Tirtaningtyas Fransisca , Mulyani Yeni Aryati
Published: December 2024

IPB Dramaga Campus in Bogor has been recognized to hold a high diversity of birds, while at the same time is also experiencing disturbance due to human activities. During the covid-19 pandemic in 2020-early 2022, most human activities on campus were decreased. Observations made during lockdown indicated that birds were seen more easily in various habitats on campus. The objective of this study was to describe bird species richness and composition before the period of lockdown and after the pandemic (post-lockdown). Bird surveys were conducted monthly in 2019 and from January to May 2023 to obtain a bird species list. Mist nets were set up monthly for 3 months in 2019 and 2023 to obtain demographic data.  Descriptive analysis was conducted by comparing the results with previous data collected by Uni Konservasi Fauna (UKF) and Cikabayan Bird Banding Club (CBC). The number of bird species between the two periods did not differ significantly; there were 66 species in  while in 2023 there were 60 species. In both periods bird species composition was dominated by the family of Cuculidae, and the dominant feeding guild was insectivores.
Kalsiyum ve Silisyum Uygulamalarının Domates Fidelerinde Bitki Besin Maddesi İçeriğine Etkisi
Authors: Üzal Özlem , Yaşar Fikret , Öztaş Ömer
Published: December 2024

Amaç: Bu çalışma, farklı dozlarda kalsiyum (Ca) ve silisyum (Si) elementi uygulamalarının domates fidesi gelişimi ve besin elementi alımı üzerindeki etkilerini belirlemeyi amaçlamıştır.
Materyal ve Yöntem: Çalışmada Falcon çeşidine ait domates tohumları kullanılmıştır. 3:1 oranında hazırlanan torf + perlit karışımı fide yetiştirme ortamı olarak viyollere doldurulmuştur. Fideler, iklim odasında yetiştirilmiş olup; nem seviyesi %65-70 aralığında, aydınlık süresi 16 saat ve karanlık süresi 8 saat olarak belirlenmiş fotoperiyodlar altında yetiştirilmiştir. Sıcaklık ise 23±2 0C’de tutulmuştur. Çalışma, tesadüf parselleri deneme desenine göre düzenlenmiş olup, her bir uygulama için 3 tekrarlanmış ve her tekrarda 20 bitki bulunacak şekilde kurulmuştur. Domates tohumları torf + perlit karışımı (3:1) bulunan viyollere aynı derinlikte olacak şekilde her bir bölmeye birer tohum olacak şekilde ekilmiş, çimleninceye kadar saf su ile sulanmıştır. Kotiledon yaprakları tam olarak oluşan fideler, on dört farklı besin solüsyonu uygulaması ile sulama ihtiyacı olduğu zaman eşit miktarlarda sulanmıştır. Hazırlanan besin solüsyonlarında N, P, Mg, S, K, Fe, B, Cu ve Zn sabit tutulurken, Ca ve Si elementleri ise farklı dozlarda uygulanmıştır.
Araştırma Bulguları: Dikim olgunluğuna gelen fidelerin yaş ağırlıkları (g) ve fide yapraklarında makro ve mikro besin elementi içerikleri ölçülmüştür. Yapılan ölçüm ve analizler değerlendirildiğinde; 12., 13., 14. ve 11. Uygulamalar ile yetiştirilen fidelerin en kaliteli ve pişkin fideler olduğu belirlenmiştir. 13. Ve 14.Uygulamalarda bitkilere Silisyum 200 ppm. 300 ppm uygulandığı, 11. ve 12.uygulamaların ise silisyum ilave edilmemiş ve kalsiyumun en yüksek iki dozunun uygulandığı bitkiler olduğu dikkat çekmektedir.
Sonuç: Elde edilen sonuçlar uygun dozda silisyum uygulamaları ile fide gelişimi ve kalitesi üzerine olumlu yönde etkilerde bulunduğu yöndedir. Tarımsal üretimde önemli olan bu konunun farklı sebze türlerinde de yapılması önerilmektedir.
Tarımsal Endüstriyel Atıklardan Üretilen Kompostun Zambak Yetiştiriciliğinde Alternatif Olarak Kullanım Olanakları
Authors: Alkaç Onur Sefa , Güneş Mehmet
Published: December 2024

Amaç: Topraksız tarım süs bitkileri yetiştiriciliğinde tercih edilen yeni yöntemlerden bir tanesidir. Söz konusu tarımda kullanılan yetiştirme ortamlarının özellikleri yanında organik veya inorganik substrat oranları oldukça önemlidir. Bu çalışmada, bir gıda işleme fabrikasından temin edilmiş olan üzüm posası kompostlama işlemine tabi tutulmuş ve elde edilen kompost yetiştirme ortamına ilave edilerek “Siberia” kesme zambak çeşidinin yetiştiriciliğine etkileri incelenmiştir.
Materyal ve Yöntem: Kompostlama işlemi öncesi 8 ton üzüm posası, 1 ton ahır gübresi, 12 kg'lık 8 adet saman balyası, 40 kg kireç ve 4 kg üre kullanılmıştır. Yaklaşık 3.5 ay sonra kompost kullanılabilir hale gelmiştir. Hazır hale gelen kompost yetiştirme ortamlarına %20 ve %40 oranında eklenmiştir. Ayrıca bitkilere farklı EC seviyelerinde kimyasal gübreleme (EC 0.75 dS m-1, EC 1.10 dS m-1 ve EC 1.90 dS m-1) yapılmıştır. Farklı kompost oranları ve farklı EC seviyelerinin “Siberia” kesme zambak çeşidinin büyümesi, çiçeklenmesi ve vazo ömrüne etkileri araştırılmıştır. Ayrıca çeşidin yapraklarındaki alınabilir makro ve mikro element içerikleri de belirlenmiştir.
Araştırma Bulguları: Uygulamalar sonucunda en yüksek dal ağırlığı (135.06 g) kompost içermeyen (%0) ve EC seviyesinin 1.10 dS m-1 olduğu ortamdan; en yüksek bitki boyu (89.58 cm) %20 kompost içeren ve EC seviyesinin 1.90 dS m-1 olduğu ortamdan; en fazla kandil sayısı (6.95 adet/bitki) %20 oranında kompost içeren ve en uzun vazo ömrü (14.14 gün) %40 kompost içeren ve EC düzeyinin 0.75 dS m-1 olduğu ortamdan elde edilmiştir.
Sonuç: Zambak yetiştiriciliğinde gübreleme istenmekle birlikte, EC değerinin 2.0 dS m-1'yi aşmaması gerektiği belirtilmektedir. Çalışmada, kompost uygulamalarının artmasıyla gübreleme seviyelerinin de artmasının, bitki gelişimini olumsuz etkilediği, bu durumun kompostun yüksek EC içeriğiyle ilişkili olduğu vurgulanmaktadır. Kompost kullanım oranları genellikle %0 (kontrol) ile %20 arasında değişmekte; bu oranların üzerine çıkıldığında, beklenen sonuçlar elde edilememiştir.
Effects of Foliar and Soil Applied of Zinc on Yield and Its Components in Soybean (Glycine max. L. Merr.)
Authors: Dede Özbay , Acar İmral
Published: December 2024

Objective: This study; It is carried out to determine the yield and content of yield elements of soybeans by applying different doses of soil (0, 2, 4, 8 kg Zn/ha) and foliar (% 0, 4, 8 kg Zn/ha).
Materials and Methods: Arısoy variety was used as material in the research. Programmed field trials, which were examined with different doses of foliar and soil applications, were carried out with 3 replications according to the randomized block factorial trial design. In zinc fertilization, four doses (0, 2, 4 and 8 kg Zn/ha) were produced from the soil and three doses (0, 4 and 8% ZnSO4.7H2O) were produced from the leaves. Zinc-sulfate fertilizer (ZnSO4.7H2O; 21%Zn) was used as the fertilizer formula. Protein and crude oil ratio analyzes were determined on the "Near Infrared Reflection" (NIRS) device with the IC-0923FE soybean calibration set. The data obtained in the study were analyzed with the JMP statistical program and the differences between the averages found to be significant were evaluated by applying the LSD multiple comparison test.
Results: As a result of the research; plant height 95.01-108.33 cm, first pod height 12.98-15.95 cm, number of branches per plant 4.67-6.73, number of pods per plant 62.03-118.40, number of grains per plant 149.73-254.36, number of grains per pod 1.99-2.54, weight of 100 seeds varied between 16.06-18.31 g, seed yield 3443.2-5897.1 kg/ha, grain protein rate 42.62-44.18%, crude oil rate 19.84-20.29%, crude oil yield 692.9-1193.5 kg/ha. While the effects of zinc application doses from the soil on the number of branches in the plant, the number of pods in the plant, 100 seed weight and seed yield were found to be statistically significant, the effect of the application of foliar and soil together on the number of grains in the plant and crude oil yield was significant, while its effect on other characteristics was found to be significant. was found to be insignificant.
Conclusion: As a result of the study; In soybeans, the highest seed yield per unit area (5193.8 kg/ha) and crude oil yield (1041.0 kg/ha) were obtained by applying 4 kg Zn fertilizer per hectare to the soil.
Tarım Ürünlerinde Koku Algısı: Tüketici Satın Alma Davranışlarına Etkisi
Authors: Şenlik Özlem
Published: December 2024

Amaç: Bu araştırmada, tüketiciler tarafından satın alınan tarım ürünlerinden yansıyan kokuların, tüketicilerin satın alma davranışı üzerindeki etkisinin araştırılması amaçlamaktadır.
Materyal ve Yöntem: Araştırma materyallerini, tarım ürünlerinden yansıyan kokular, bu kokuların bilinirlik ve tercih edilirliklerinden yararlanmak isteyen işletmeler, tarım ürünlerinden yansıyan kokuların etkisiyle satın alma davranışında bulunan tüketiciler ve veri toplama yöntemi olarak kullanılacak anket formu oluşturmaktadır. Bu araştırma, Yapısal Eşitlik Modeli ile tasarlanmıştır. Kolayda örneklem yöntemiyle belirlenen Kırşehir ilindeki 18 yaş üzeri 470 katılımcıdan elde edilen veriler SMARTPLS 4 programı kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Birleşme geçerliği için AVE katsayıları hesaplanarak, Cronbach’s Alfa ve Birleşik Yapı Geçerliliği değerleri kontrol edilmiştir.
Araştırma Bulguları: Araştırmada değişkenler üzerindeki VIF katsayısı 5'ten küçük olduğundan doğrusallık problemi olmadığı, AVE katsayıları hesaplandığında birleşme geçerliğinin sağlandığı görülmüştür. Ayrıca kullanılan değişkenlerin iç tutarlılık güvenilirliğinin sağlandığı tespit edilmiştir. Tarım ürünlerinden yansıyan kokuların duygusal ve bilişsel algı üzerinden satın alma davranışına etkisi dolaylı ve doğrudan anlamlı bulunmuştur. Tarım ürünlerinden yansıyan kokularının tüketiciyi satın alma davranışına yönlendirmesinde duygusal ve bilişsel algının aracılık rolü belirlenmiştir.
Sonuç: Yapılan analizler sonucu elde edilen bulgulara göre; tüketiciler tarım ürünleri satın alırken ürünlerden yansıyan kokudan etkilenmektedir. Bu ürünlerden yansıyan kokulardan etkilenen tüketicinin, satın alma davranışlarında bilişsel ve duygusal algının aracılık rolünün varlığı tespit edilmiştir.
Assessing the Effectiveness of a Research-Driven Biochemistry Laboratory Manual in Enhancing Student Cognitive Learning Outcomes and Business Awareness
Authors: Sedijani Prapti , Rasmi Dewa Ayu Citra , Kusmiyati  , Nathnia Elga Amelinda
Published: December 2024

This study examines student responses upon the implementation of Biochemistry Laboratory Manual which focused on science-economics. The manual was implemented on Biochemistry poracticum classes for 3 consecutive schedules. Students' cognitive, affective, and psychomotor learning outcomes were recorded that implies their responses to the topic. Validated questions and questionnaires were used and were administered before the first and after the third round of practicum classes. Data analysis employed Student T-tests. It was revealed that the implementation of the Laboratory Manual moderately enhances biochemistry learning achievements (N-Gain) and the students responded positive and very positive toward the topic at 80% and 18% respectively.
Diversity of Mangrove Plants in Karimunjawa National Park
Authors: Subiyati  , Retnoningsih Amin , Rahayu Enni Suwarsi
Published: December 2024

Karimunjawa National Park (TNK) area is ± 111,625 hectares covering 27 islands located in Jepara Regency, Central Java at the northern tip of Java Island. Karimunjawa became Karimunjawa National Park (TNK) based on the Decree of the Minister of Forestry and Plantation No.78/Kpts-II/1999 because it has high diversity. The complexity of ecosystems in TNK is interesting to study, such as coral reef ecosystems, mangrove forests, lowland tropical rainforests, seagrass meadows, seaweed, and coastal forests. The mangrove forest in Karimunjawa National Park is a unique ecosystem because it consists of many mangrove species. However, data on the diversity of mangrove species on this island has not been widely described. This study aims to reveal mangrove diversity in Karimunjawa National Park as a rescue strategy and explore the potential of mangrove biodiversity. This research is a descriptive study using the cruising method to explore mangrove species diversity. The location of mangrove diversity exploration is mangrove forest in Karimunjawa National Park. The results found 14 families consisting of 38 mangrove species. Among the 38 species, 24 species are true mangroves, while the other 14 species are associated with mangroves.
Monitoring Vegetation as Habitat (Paradisaea minor jobiensis Rothschild, 1879) in the Period 2024, 2018, and 2024 to Support Birdwatching Ecotourism in Barawai Yapen Islands Regency Papua
Authors: Raunsay Edoward Krisson , Rumahorbo Basa T. , Rophi Apriani Herni , Jesajas David R. , Abrauw Rudolf
Published: December 2024

Imbowiari Forest in Barawai Village, Yapen, Papua, has complex flora and fauna biodiversity, including as a habitat for Paradisaea minor jobiensis. In Papua, especially the Yapen Islands Regency, endemic species such as Paradisaea minor jobiensis are the main attraction for tourists. Managed by the community through local wisdom and the Dorey Jaya group, this area has the potential to be developed as birdwatching ecotourism. However, it has not been widely popular with tourists. This study aims to analyze changes in the vegetation of the bird's habitat for three periods (2014, 2018, and 2024) and provide recommendations for ecotourism management in Barawai. Vegetation structure and composition data were collected using the grid line method and analyzed using PAST software. The results showed an increase in the number of species at all vegetation levels, especially seedlings (21 species in 2014 to 72 in 2024), saplings (27 to 64), poles (26 to 76), and trees (41 to 96). The number of individuals also increased significantly, especially on saplings and poles. The diversity index also increased, especially at the tree level (2.78 to 4.07). This study indicates an increase in overall vegetation, with recommendations for optimizing ecotourism management based on biodiversity and local wisdom.
Healing Potential of Chromolaena odorata Extract: Modulation of Neutrophil, Macrophage, and Lymphocyte Response in Infected Wounds of Mus musculus
Authors: Yanis Melissa Abigail , Amirsyah Mirnasari , Harsono Anastasia Dessy
Published: December 2024

Chromolaena odorata has been reported to possess antimicrobial, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory properties that aid in wound healing. Previous studies demonstrated the significant effects of a 7.5% concentration of C. odorata extract on non-infected wounds. This study aims to investigate its impact on infected wound healing. An experimental study was conducted on 36 mice, divided into two groups. Partial-thickness wounds were created on the dorsal side of each mouse and contaminated with S. aureus (106 CFU/ml). Group 1 was treated with normal saline, while Group 2 was treated with C. odorata aqueous extract at 7.5%. Histopathological analysis was performed on days 3 and 5 to count neutrophils, macrophages, and lymphocytes. Results showed a significantly lower neutrophil, macrophage, and lymphocyte count in Group 2 compared to Group 1 (p < 0.05). On day 3 and 5, Group 2 had lower neutrophil counts (5.6 ± 1.8, 5.8 ± 0.6) compared to Group 1 (9.2 ± 5.2, 15.1 ± 3.9). Macrophage counts were also lower in Group 2 (6.9 ± 1.7, 1.9 ± 0.7) compared to Group 1 (3.7 ± 1.4, 4.3 ± 0.9). Lymphocyte counts followed a similar trend, with Group 2 having fewer lymphocytes on both days (p < 0.05). In conclusion, C. odorata aqueous extract at a 7.5% concentration demonstrates potential as a wound healing agent by reducing inflammatory cells in infected wounds.
Promotion of Crypt-like Structures in Intestinal Organoid Development through the Addition of Graphene Oxide in Cell-based Assays
Authors: Sulaksono Haura Labibah Salsabil , Kamilah Mutiara Mila , Faridah Lia , Joni I Made , Watanabe Kozo , Ekawardhani Savira
Published: December 2024

The intestinal organoid represents a miniature organ that can mimic functional physiology and pathology. However, there are several challenges to developing the organoid system, such as the limited survival of cells. Based on theory, matrix addition is a factor that can support survival in cells. As a result, graphene oxide (GO) addition is used in this study. As an artificial matrix, GO has been successfully shown to encourage good cell behavior and is well known for having good biocompatibility. Herein, we fabricate GO characterized with FT-IR and PSA. Crypt-like structures (CLS) are isolated from small intestinal mice in GO addition as a matrix. The gene expression and cell viability of CLS are investigated. RT-PCR examined the gene expression in CLS, while cell viability of CLS was carried out using the staining method. This study was conducted at FiNder U-CoE and Parasitology Laboratory of HSE Universitas Padjadjaran Bandung during February and December 2023. Our results show that Vil-1 as an identity for cells in the intestinal epithelium has been expressed in CLS primary significantly higher than intestinal tissue (p=0.01). However, identifying Lgr5 in CSL isolates is tricky. Thes in the crypt may be limited. Besides that, cell viability of CLS with GO addition can be maintained for four days. The GO addition as a matrix may provide support to maintain CLS. These findings are promising as cell-based assays for developing organoid models.
Association between Clinical Characteristics of Pregnant Women in the Third Trimester and Low Back Pain
Authors: Dewi Mira Dyani , Rachmawati Meike
Published: December 2024

Pregnancy is a physiological condition characterized by growth in both the fetus and the mother. Various biomechanical, physiological, and structural changes in pregnant women cause body posture changes, impacting low back pain (LBP). In the third trimester, LBP pain felt by pregnant women is usually accompanied by activity limitations and a decreased quality of life. This study aimed to determine the association between the clinical characteristics of pregnant women in the third trimester and low back pain. This research was conducted at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran/Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung from June to December 2017. The method is observational analysis with a cross-sectional approach with a sample of pregnant women in their third trimester who complained of lower back pain and lived in Bandung. According to the findings, the majority of pregnant women with LBP in the third trimester were under the age of 35 (33 of 38), had multiparous parity (25 of 38), had normal pre-pregnancy weight (21 of 38), gained an average of 11.28 kg during pregnancy, and had a median pain intensity of 5. Age was the only factor significantly correlated with LBP pain intensity; parity and weight gain during pregnancy did not. The study concludes a significant association between age in the third trimester of pregnancy and the intensity of LBP pain. Still, no significant association was found between parity and weight gain during pregnancy with the intensity of LBP pain.
Effect of Ketapang Leaf Extract on HDL Levels of Rattus norvegicus Induced by High-fat Foods
Authors: Nurfadly Nurfadly , Fajar Muhammad , Thristy Isra , Yenita Yenita
Published: December 2024

High-density lipoprotein (HDL) functions to transport cholesterol from the blood vessel endothelium to the liver and excreted through the digestive tract so that it does not cause dyslipidemia, which is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Current treatment for dyslipidemia uses long-term statin drugs, which can cause various side effects, so herbal alternatives such as ketapang leaves (Terminalia catappa L.), which contain flavonoids and have the effect of increasing HDL levels, needed to be evaluated to achieve that reason. This study aims to evaluate whether ketapang leaf extract has an effect on increasing blood HDL levels. This research used experimental animals with a pretest and a posttest with a control group design. It was conducted at the Biochemistry Laboratory and Laboratory Animal Management Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara, Medan, from September to December 2023. This study used Wistar strain male white rats (Rattus norvegicus) that were induced on a high-fat diet, divided into five groups: negative control, positive control (given simvastatin), treatment 1 (given 21 mg/kgBW ketapang leaf extract), treatment 2 (given 42 mg/kgBW ketapang leaf extract) and treatment 3 (given 84 mg/kgBW ketapang leaf extract). The study results showed a significant difference (p<0.05) in the average HDL levels before and after treatment in the positive control, treatment 2, and therapy three groups. Thus, the study concluded that ketapang leaf extract affected increasing HDL levels of male white rats (Rattus norvegicus).