bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Vulnerability Assessment for Sea Level Rise Impacts on Coastal Systems of Gamasa Ras El Bar Area, Nile Delta, Egypt
Authors: Elshinnawy Ibrahim A. , Almaliki Abdulrazak H.
Published: March 2021

The objective of the current study was to assess the vulnerability of coastal systems to sea level rise (SLR) impacts in the Gamasa Ras El Bar area, which is one of the most vulnerable coastal areas in the Nile delta, Egypt. To achieve the study objective, a field campaign was carried out to investigate, measure and collect data. These data, as well as historical data, were analyzed to identify projected inundation areas, erosion and accretion rates, shoreline changes, wave climate and saltwater intrusion, as well as drainage infrastructure efficiency. The results of a 73-cm SLR, projected up to the end of current century in the study area, indicate the following. Inundation areas will be about 2.16% of the study area. Although the significant wave height increased by 3.1 cm per year from 1999 to 2010, the results are indicative and might be taken into consideration in future coastal management plans. The expected variation in groundwater heads due to sea level rise will lead to an increase in groundwater heads ranging from 0 to 0.5 m above the current level. The change expected in groundwater will lead to saltwater intrusion by 1 km landward. The analysis of our results showed that about 271 km2 (60%) of the area under study will be negatively affected by rising groundwater. This area is occupied by about 70% of the localities in the study area. The analysis of the projected groundwater level rise showed that it will increase the discharges of the sub-drainage system by about 10% of the current rates and less than 1.2% for the open system. It is concluded that the drainage system has the sub-capacity to host the expected increase in drainage discharges without any modifications of the cross-sectional area of most of the drains. In addition, the coastal groundwater aquifer was found to be the most vulnerable system in the study area.
A Preliminary Study on the Determination of the Fertilization Tolerance of an Entisol in the Yuanmou Dry-Hot River Valley Based on Soil Qualities in Plot Scale
Authors: Zhao Li , Fan Min , Song Jie , Peng Sili , He Yuxiao , Wei Yali , Dai Yi , Liu Gangcai
Published: March 2021

Using field slope farmland plots, this study planted the typical crop of maize (Zea mays L.) and investigated the effects of varied chemical fertilizer (organic compound fertilizer of potassium nitrate, containing 17% each of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium) application levels (0.5 times the common fertilizer amount (CK, 0.75 t·hm−2 to 2.5 CK) on the soil fertility in the Yuanmou dry-hot River Valley. The results showed that the soil chemical properties, microbial properties, and enzyme activities increased with the increase of fertilizer application levels from CK to 2.0 CK. However, a declining trend showed both under 0.5 CK level and the 2.5 CK level, and higher in fertilizer application level 3 (1.5 CK) and level 4 (2.0 CK) compared to level 1 (1 CK). Soil chemical properties, microbial properties, and enzyme activities in five-degree slope cropland topsoil were higher than these in 10-degree slope cropland topsoil. Five parameters (available N, nitrifying bacteria, inorganic phosphorus bacteria, organic matter, and invertase) in five-degree slope cropland and three parameters (organic matter, ammonifying bacteria, and total P) in 10-degree slope cropland, which had the greatest weight in the principal components analysis, were selected to calculate the soil quality index (SQI). The SQI calculated by integrating all critical parameters indicated that the highest SQI values were found in fertilizer levels 1.5 CK (0.71) and 2.0 CK (0.69), followed by CK (0.64), and the lowest were found in 0.5 CK (0.62) and 2.5 CK (0.61) in five-degree slope cropland soil. The highest SQI values were found in fertilizer levels 1.5 CK (0.26) and 2.0 CK (0.29), followed by CK (0.23), and the lowest were found in 0.5 CK (0.14) and 2.5 CK (0.20) in 10-degree slope cropland soil. The final SQI values implied that the fertilization treatment 2 (CK), fertilization treatment 3 (1.5 CK) and fertilization treatment 4 (2.0 CK) could improve the soil fertility, whereas the fertilization treatment 1 (0.5 CK) and fertilization treatment 5 (2.5 CK) could decrease the soil fertility. In view of the impact of slope, the soil qualities of five-degree slope cropland of five fertilization treatments were higher than in 10-degree slope cropland. The SQI values in five-degree slope cropland soil were found higher than the SQI values in 10-degree slope cropland soil by 68.65%, 64.20%, 62.22%, 57.46%, and 67.01%, respectively. For this study, the range of fertilization tolerance was 0.75–1.50 t·hm−2 (organic compound fertilizer of potassium nitrate) in 10-degree slope plot scale and 0.75–1.13 t∙hm−2 in five-degree slope cropland soil.
Sustainable Renewal Methods of Urban Public Parking Spaces under the Scenario of Shared Autonomous Vehicles (SAV): A Review and a Proposal
Authors: Xia Bing , Wu Jindong , Wang Jiaqi , Fang Yitao , Shen Haodi , Shen Jingli
Published: March 2021

Shared autonomous vehicles (SAVs) will be an important force to in reshaping urban morphology. The high operation rate and sharing degree of SAV are considered to result in a great reduction in parking area in future cities. Parking space is now a huge and widely distributed urban stock space type, which is bound to become a major challenge and opportunity for sustainable urban renewal in the digital era. Based on the SAV scenario, this paper reviews the current research on the sustainable renewal of urban public parking spaces, and proposes the four key issues involved: how much to renew (i.e., demand forecast analysis), when to renew (i.e., update time series evaluation), what to renew (i.e., function replacement decision) and how to update (i.e., design empirical research). Furthermore, it puts forward a preliminary idea on, and constructs a research framework for, the sustainable renewal methods of parking space under the SAV scenario. Finally, the theoretical, practical and policy implications of the research on sustainable renewal methods of urban public parking space are discussed. It will have great reference value for the redevelopment and reuse of the urban space types including fragmented, widely distributed and large-scale.
Acute Comparative Effect of Foam Rolling and Static Stretching on Range of Motion in Rowers
Authors: Penichet-Tomas Alfonso , Pueo Basilio , Abad-Lopez Marta , Jimenez-Olmedo Jose M.
Published: March 2021

Rowers’ anthropometric characteristics and flexibility are fundamental to increase stroke amplitude and optimize power transfer. The aim of the present study was to analyze the effect of foam rolling and static stretching on the range of motion over time. Eight university rowers (24.8 ± 3.4 yrs., height 182.3 ± 6.5 cm, body mass 79.3 ± 4.6 kg) participated in an alternating treatment design study with two-way repeated measures ANOVA. The sit and reach test was used to measure the range of motion. Both in the foam rolling and in the static stretching method, a pre-test (T0), a post-test (T1), and a post-15-min test (T2) were performed. A significant effect was observed on the range of motion over time (p < 0.001), but not for time x method interaction (p = 0.680). Significant differences were found between T0 and T1 with foam rolling and static stretching (p < 0.001, d = 0.4); p < 0.001, d = 0.6). The differences between T0 and T2 were also significant with both methods (p = 0.001, d = 0.4; p < 0.001, d = 0.4). However, no significant difference was observed between T1 and T2 (p = 1.000, d = 0.1; p = 0.089, d = 0.2). Foam roller and static stretching seem to be effective methods to improve the range of motion but there seems to be no differences between them.
The Risk of the Population in a Changing Climate over the Tibetan Plateau, China: Integrating Hazard, Population Exposure and Vulnerability
Authors: Ji Qin , Yang Jianping , Wang Can , Chen Hongju , He Qingshan , Sun Zhenqi , Duan Quntao , Li Yao
Published: March 2021

As the “Third Pole” of the Earth, the Tibetan Plateau (TP) has been warming significantly, and the instability of extreme events related to climate and weather has enhanced exceptionally in recent decades. These changes have posed increasingly severe impacts on the population over the TP. So far, however, the impacts on the population have not been assessed systematically and comprehensively from the perspective of risk. In this paper, the hazard of climate change was assessed from a fresh look, not only considering extreme changes of air temperature, precipitation, and wind speed, but also their changes in mean and fluctuation, using daily meteorological data from 1961–2015. The population exposure and vulnerability to climate change were then evaluated using demographic data and considering population scale and structure. Finally, the population risk over the TP to climate change was quantitatively assessed within the framework of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). The results showed that the climate change hazard was mainly at medium and heavy levels, in areas accounting for 64.60% of the total. The population exposure was relatively low; the land area at slight and light levels accounted for 83.94%, but high in the eastern edge area of the TP. The population vulnerability was mostly at medium and heavy levels, and the non-agricultural population rate was the key factor affecting the population vulnerability. Generally, the overall population risk over the TP was not very high: the number of counties with heavy and very heavy risk only accounted for 24.29%, and land area was less than 5%. However, more than 40% of the population was in high-risk areas, located in the eastern edge area of the TP. Population exposure was the decisive factor of the population risk to climate change, and high population exposure might lead to high risk. These findings were potentially valuable to improve cognition of risk, develop proactive risk mitigation strategies, and ensure sustainable development.
The Employees’ State of Mind during COVID-19: A Self-Determination Theory Perspective
Authors: Camilleri Mark Anthony
Published: March 2021

The unprecedented outbreak of the Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic had a devastating effect on the global economy. Many businesses experienced a significant decline in their business activities. As a result, their employees were concerned on their job security and long-term employment prospects. This research explores the service employees’ motivations in their workplace environment and sheds light on their perceptions about their employers’ corporate social responsibility (CSR). The methodology integrated key measures from the self-determination theory (SDT), CSR, job security and organizational performance. A structural equations modelling (SEM-PLS3) approach was used to analyze the proposed research model. The findings confirmed that the employees’ intrinsic motivations were significantly predicting their organizational performance. Their identified motivations, job security as well as their employers’ social responsibility were significant antecedents of their intrinsic motivations. Moreover, there were significant indirect effects that predicted the employees’ productivity in their workplace during COVID-19.
Determination of Objective Weights Using a New Method Based on the Removal Effects of Criteria (MEREC)
Authors: Keshavarz-Ghorabaee Mehdi , Amiri Maghsoud , Zavadskas Edmundas Kazimieras , Turskis Zenonas , Antucheviciene Jurgita
Published: March 2021

The weights of criteria in multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) problems are essential elements that can significantly affect the results. Accordingly, researchers developed and presented several methods to determine criteria weights. Weighting methods could be objective, subjective, and integrated. This study introduces a new method, called MEREC (MEthod based on the Removal Effects of Criteria), to determine criteria’ objective weights. This method uses a novel idea for weighting criteria. After systematically introducing the method, we present some computational analyses to confirm the efficiency of the MEREC. Firstly, an illustrative example demonstrates the procedure of the MEREC for calculation of the weights of criteria. Secondly, a comparative analysis is presented through an example for validation of the introduced method’s results. Additionally, we perform a simulation-based analysis to verify the reliability of MEREC and the stability of its results. The data of the MCDM problems generated for making this analysis follow a prevalent symmetric distribution (normal distribution). We compare the results of the MEREC with some other objective weighting methods in this analysis, and the analysis of means (ANOM) for variances shows the stability of its results. The conducted analyses demonstrate that the MEREC is efficient to determine objective weights of criteria.
Space-Time Coupling: Current Concept and Two Examples from Ultrafast Optics Studied Using Exact Solution of EM Equations
Authors: Popov Nikolay L. , Vinogradov Alexander V.
Published: March 2021

Current approach to space-time coupling (STC) phenomena is given together with a complementary version of the STC concept that emphasizes the finiteness of the energy of the considered pulses. Manifestations of STC are discussed in the framework of the simplest exact localized solution of Maxwell’s equations, exhibiting a “collapsing shell”. It falls onto the center, continuously deforming, and then, having reached maximum compression, expands back without losing energy. Analytical solutions describing this process enable to fully characterize the field in space-time. It allowed to express energy density in the center of collapse in the terms of total pulse energy, frequency and spectral width in the far zone. The change of the pulse shape while travelling from one point to another is important for coherent control of quantum systems. We considered the excitation of a two-level system located in the center of the collapsing EM (electromagnetic) pulse. The result is again expressed through the parameters of the incident pulse. This study showed that as it propagates, a unipolar pulse can turn into a bipolar one, and in the case of measuring the excitation efficiency, we can judge which of these two pulses we are dealing with. The obtained results have no limitation on the number of cycles in a pulse. Our work confirms the productivity of using exact solutions of EM wave equations for describing the phenomena associated with STC effects. This is facilitated by rapid progress in the search for new types of such solutions.
Heavy Quark Expansion of Λb→Λ*(1520) Form Factors beyond Leading Order
Authors: Bordone Marzia
Published: March 2021

I review the parametrisation of the full set of Λb→Λ*(1520) form factors in the framework of Heavy Quark Expansion, including next-to-leading-order O(αs) and, for the first time, next-to-leading-power O(1/mb) corrections. The unknown hadronic parameters are obtained by performing a fit to recent lattice QCD calculations. I investigate the compatibility of the Heavy Quark Expansion and the current lattice data, finding tension between these two approaches in the case of tensor and pseudo-tensor form factors, whose origin could come from an underestimation of the current lattice QCD uncertainties and higher order terms in the Heavy Quark Expansion.
Towards a Domain-Specific Approach Enabling Tool-Supported Model-Based Systems Engineering of Complex Industrial Internet-of-Things Applications
Authors: Binder Christoph , Neureiter Christian , Lüder Arndt
Published: March 2021

Contemporary manufacturing systems are undergoing a major change promoted by emerging technologies such as Cyber-physical Systems (CPS) or the Internet of Things (IoT). This trend, nowadays widely known by the term “Industry 4.0”, leads to a new kind of automated production. However, the rising number of dynamically interconnected elements in industrial production lines results in such a system being transformed into a complex System of Systems (SoS). Due to the increasing complexity and the challenges accompanied by this change, conventional engineering methods using generic principles reach their limits when developing this type of systems. With varying approaches only trying to find a solution for small-scaled areas of this problem statement, the need for a holistic methodology becomes more and more obvious. Having recognized this issue, one of the most promising approaches has been introduced with the Reference Architecture Model Industry 4.0 (RAMI 4.0). However, in the current point of view, this domain-specific architecture framework is missing specifications to address all aspects of such a critical infrastructure. Thus, this paper introduces a comprehensive modeling approach utilizing methods applied in Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) and including domain-specific particularities as well as architectural concepts with the goal to enable mutual engineering of current and future industrial systems. The resulting artifacts, a domain-specific language (DSL), an architecture definition and a development process, are thereby consolidated in a ready to use software framework, whose applicability was evaluated by a real-world case study.
Further Insights into the Toxicity of Bacillus cytotoxicus Based on Toxin Gene Profiling and Vero Cell Cytotoxicity Assays
Authors: Burtscher Johanna , Etter Danai , Biggel Michael , Schlaepfer Janine , Johler Sophia
Published: March 2021

Bacillus cytotoxicus belongs to the Bacillus cereus group that also comprises the foodborne pathogen Bacillus cereus sensu stricto, Bacillus anthracis causing anthrax, as well as the biopesticide Bacillus thuringiensis. The first B. cytotoxicus was isolated in the context of a severe food poisoning outbreak leading to fatal cases of diarrheal disease. Subsequent characterization of the outbreak strain led to the conclusion that this Bacillus strain was highly cytotoxic and eventually resulted in the description of a novel species, whose name reflects the observed toxicity: B. cytotoxicus. However, only a few isolates of this species have been characterized with regard to their cytotoxic potential and the role of B. cytotoxicus as a causative agent of food poisoning remains largely unclear. Hence, the aim of this study was to gain further insights into the toxicity of B. cytotoxicus. To this end, 19 isolates were obtained from mashed potato powders and characterized by toxin gene profiling and Vero cell cytotoxicity assays. All isolates harbored the cytK1 (cytotoxin K1) gene and species-specific variants of the nhe (non-hemolytic enterotoxin) gene. The isolates exhibited low or no toxicity towards Vero cells. Thus, this study indicates that the cytotoxic potential of B. cytotoxicus may be potentially lower than initially assumed.
Dengue Virus Infection and Associated Risk Factors in Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Mwanyika Gaspary O. , Mboera Leonard E. G. , Rugarabamu Sima , Ngingo Baraka , Sindato Calvin , Lutwama Julius J. , Paweska Janusz T. , Misinzo Gerald
Published: March 2021

Dengue contributes a significant burden on global public health and economies. In Africa, the burden of dengue virus (DENV) infection is not well described. This review was undertaken to determine the prevalence of dengue and associated risk factors. A literature search was done on PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Embase, and Google Scholar databases to identify articles published between 1960 and 2020. Meta-analysis was performed using a random-effect model at a 95% confidence interval, followed by subgroup meta-analysis to determine the overall prevalence. Between 1960 and 2020, 45 outbreaks were identified, of which 17 and 16 occurred in East and West Africa, respectively. Dengue virus serotype 1 (DENV-1) and DENV-2 were the dominant serotypes contributing to 60% of the epidemics. Of 2211 cases reported between 2009 and 2020; 1954 (88.4%) were reported during outbreaks. Overall, the prevalence of dengue was 29% (95% CI: 20–39%) and 3% (95% CI: 1–5%) during the outbreak and non-outbreak periods, respectively. Old age (6/21 studies), lack of mosquito control (6/21), urban residence (4/21), climate change (3/21), and recent history of travel (3/21) were the leading risk factors. This review reports a high burden of dengue and increased risk of severe disease in Africa. Our findings provide useful information for clinical practice and health policy decisions to implement effective interventions.
Prevalence and Phylogenetic Analysis of Parvovirus (B19V) among Blood Donors with Different Nationalities Residing in Qatar
Authors: Abdelrahman Doua , Al-Sadeq Duaa W. , Smatti Maria K. , Taleb Sara A. , AbuOdeh Raed O , Al-Absi Enas S. , Al-Thani Asmaa A. , Coyle Peter. V. , Al-Dewik Nader , Qahtani Ahmed A. Al , Yassine Hadi M. , Nasrallah Gheyath K.
Published: March 2021

Human parvovirus (B19V) is the causative agent of erythema infectiosum in children and is linked to a wide range of clinical manifestations. Studies related to B19V prevalence in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region and other parts of Asia are very scarce. The objectives of this study were to estimate the seroprevalence (anti-B19V IgM and IgG), the viremia rate (B19V DNA), and the circulating genotypes of B19V among blood donors in Qatar. Methods: Donors’ blood samples (n = 5026) from different nationalities, mainly from the MENA region and South East Asia, were collected from 2014–2016. Samples were tested for the B19V DNA using RT-PCR. Furthermore, 1000 selected samples were tested to determine the seroprevalence of B19V antibodies using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Genotyping was performed on 65 DNA positive samples by sequencing of nested PCR fragments (NS1-VP1u region, 927 nt). Results: Only 1.4% (70/5026) of the samples had detectible B19V DNA in their blood. B19V DNA prevalence statistically decreased with age (p = 0.03). Anti-B19V IgG was detected in 60.3% (561/930) of the tested samples, while only 2.1% (20/930) were IgM-positive and 1.2% (11/930) were both IgM- and IgG-positive. B19V genotyping showed a predominance of Genotype 1 (100%). Sequence analysis of the NS1-VP1u region revealed 139 mutation sites, some of which were amino acid substitutions. Conclusion: Our results indicated a relatively high seroprevalence of B19V in Qatar. Most importantly, B19 DNA was detected among Qatari and non-Qatari blood donors. Therefore, blood banks in Qatar might need to consider screening for B19V, especially when transfusion is intended for high-risk populations, including immunocompromised patients.
Genetic and Antigenic Characterization of Avian Avulavirus Type 6 (AAvV-6) Circulating in Canadian Wild Birds (2005–2017)
Authors: Hisanaga Tamiko , Soos Catherine , Lewis Nicola , Lung Oliver , Suderman Matthew , Berhane Yohannes
Published: March 2021

We describe for the first time the genetic and antigenic characterization of 18 avian avulavirus type-6 viruses (AAvV-6) that were isolated from wild waterfowl in the Americas over the span of 12 years. Only one of the AAvV-6 viruses isolated failed to hemagglutinate chicken red blood cells. We were able to obtain full genome sequences of 16 and 2 fusion gene sequences from the remaining 2 isolates. This is more than double the number of full genome sequences available at the NCBI database. These AAvV-6 viruses phylogenetically grouped into the 2 existing AAvV-6 genotype subgroups indicating the existence of an intercontinental epidemiological link with other AAvV-6 viruses isolated from migratory waterfowl from different Eurasian countries. Antigenic maps made using HI assay data for these isolates showed that the two genetic groups were also antigenically distinct. An isolate representing each genotype was inoculated in specific pathogen free (SPF) chickens, however, no clinical symptoms were observed. A duplex fusion gene based real-time assay for the detection and genotyping of AAvV-6 to genotype 1 and 2 was developed. Using the developed assay, the viral shedding pattern in the infected chickens was examined. The chickens infected with both genotypes were able to shed the virus orally for about a week, however, no significant cloacal shedding was detected in chickens of both groups. Chickens in both groups developed detectable levels of anti-hemagglutinin antibodies 7 days after infection.
Pneumococcal Disease Prevention: Are We on the Right Track?
Authors: Principi Nicola , Esposito Susanna
Published: March 2021

The history of Streptococcus pneumoniae diseases dramatically changed with the introduction into the immunization schedule of infants and children of the first pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, the one containing 7 (PCV7) of the most common pneumococcal serotypes (STs) causing invasive pneumococcal diseases (IPDs). Where PCV7 was largely used, incidence of both IPDs and non-invasive pneumococcal diseases (nIPDs) in vaccinated children and in unvaccinated subjects of any age, mainly the elderly, significantly decreased. Unfortunately, the impact of PCV7 administration was slightly lower than expected, as the reduction in infections due to vaccine serotypes (STs) was accompanied by a significant increase in the number of IPDs and nIPDs due to STs not included in the vaccine. To overcome this problem, two PCVs containing 10 (PCV10) and 13 (PCV13) STs, chosen among those emerging, were developed and licensed. However, ST replacement occurred again. Moreover, the new PCVs showed little effectiveness in the prevention of infection due to non-encapsulated STs and to ST3. Next-generation S. pneumoniae vaccines able to prevent pneumococcal infections regardless of infecting ST are urgently needed. For the moment, the use of available PCVs remains fundamental because their benefits far outweigh any concerns for emerging STs.
A Framework Based on Finite Element Method (FEM) for Modelling and Assessing the Affection of the Local Thermal Weather Factors on the Performance of Anaerobic Lagoons for the Natural Treatment of Swine Wastewater
Authors: Brito-Espino Saulo , Ramos-Martín Alejandro , Pérez-Báez Sebastian O. , Mendieta-Pino Carlos , Leon-Zerpa Federico
Published: March 2021

Anaerobic lagoons are natural wastewater treatment systems suitable for swine farms in small communities due to its low operational and building costs, as well as for the environmental sustainability that these technologies enable. The local weather is one of the factors which greatly influences the efficiency of the organic matter degradation within anaerobic lagoons, since microbial growth is closely related to temperature. In this manuscript, we propose a mathematical model which involves the two-dimensional Stokes, advection–diffusion-reaction and heat transfer equations for an unstirred fluid flow. Furthermore, the Anaerobic Digestion Model No1 (ADM1), developed by the International Water Association (IWA), has been implemented in the model. The partial differential equations resulting from the model, which involve a large number of state variables that change according to the position and the time, are solved through the use of the Finite Element Method. The results of the simulations indicated that the methodology is capable of predicting reasonably well the steady-state of the concentrations for all processes that take place in the anaerobic digestion and for each one of the variables considered; cells, organic matter, nutrients, etc. In view of the results, it can be concluded that the model has significant potential for the design and the study of anaerobic cells’ behaviour within free flow systems.
Setting Priorities in River Management Using Habitat Suitability Models
Authors: Bennetsen Elina , Gobeyn Sacha , Everaert Gert , Goethals Peter
Published: March 2021

Worldwide river systems are under pressure from human development. River managers need to identify the most important stressors in a stream basin, to propose effective management interventions for river restoration. In the European Union, the Water Framework Directive proposes the ecological status as the management endpoint for these interventions. Many decision support tools exist that use predictive water quality models to evaluate different river management scenarios, but only a few consider a river’s ecological status in this analysis explicitly. This paper presents a novel method, which combines abiotic monitoring data and biological monitoring data, to provide information and insight on why the ecological status does not reach the good status. We use habitat suitability models as a decision support tool, which can identify the most important stressors in river systems to define management scenarios. To this end, we disassemble the ecological status into its individual building blocks, i.e., the community composition, and we use habitat suitability models to perform an ecological gap analysis. In this paper, we present our method and its underlying ecological concepts, and we illustrate its benefits by applying the method on a regional level for Flanders using a biotic index, the Multimetric Macroinvertebrate Index Flanders (MMIF). To evaluate our method, we calculated the number of correctly classified instances (CCI = 47.7%) and the root-mean-square error (RMSE = 0.18) on the MMIF class and the MMIF value. Furthermore, there is a monotonic decreasing relationship between the results of the priority classification and the ecological status expressed by the MMIF, which is strengthened by the inclusion of ecological concepts in our method (Pearson’s R2 −0.92 vs. −0.87). In addition, the results of our method are complementary to information derived from the legal targets set for abiotic variables. Thus, our proposed method can further optimize the inclusion of monitoring data for the sake of sustainable decisions in river management.
Optimization of Water Quality Monitoring Networks Using Metaheuristic Approaches: Moscow Region Use Case
Authors: Yudina Elizaveta , Petrovskaia Anna , Shadrin Dmitrii , Tregubova Polina , Chernova Elizaveta , Pukalchik Mariia , Oseledets Ivan
Published: March 2021

Currently many countries are struggling to rationalize water quality monitoring stations which is caused by economic demand. Though this process is essential indeed, the exact elements of the system to be optimized without a subsequent quality and accuracy loss still remain obscure. Therefore, accurate historical data on groundwater pollution is required to detect and monitor considerable environmental impacts. To collect such data appropriate sampling and assessment methodologies with an optimum spatial distribution augmented should be exploited. Thus, the configuration of water monitoring sampling points and the number of the points required are now considered as a fundamental optimization challenge. The paper offers and tests metaheuristic approaches for optimization of monitoring procedure and multi-factors assessment of water quality in “New Moscow” area. It is shown that the considered algorithms allow us to reduce the size of the training sample set, so that the number of points for monitoring water quality in the area can be halved. Moreover, reducing the dataset size improved the quality of prediction by 20%. The obtained results convincingly demonstrate that the proposed algorithms dramatically decrease the total cost of analysis without dampening the quality of monitoring and could be recommended for optimization purposes.
Assessment of MERRA-2 and ERA5 to Model the Snow Water Equivalent in the High Atlas (1981–2019)
Authors: Baba Mohamed Wassim , Boudhar Abdelghani , Gascoin Simon , Hanich Lahoucine , Marchane Ahmed , Chehbouni Abdelghani
Published: March 2021

Melt water runoff from seasonal snow in the High Atlas range is an essential water resource in Morocco. However, there are only few meteorological stations in the high elevation areas and therefore it is challenging to estimate the distribution of snow water equivalent (SWE) based only on in situ measurements. In this work we assessed the performance of ERA5 and MERRA-2 climate reanalysis to compute the spatial distribution of SWE in the High Atlas. We forced a distributed snowpack evolution model (SnowModel) with downscaled ERA5 and MERRA-2 data at 200 m spatial resolution. The model was run over the period 1981 to 2019 (37 water years). Model outputs were assessed using observations of river discharge, snow height and MODIS snow-covered area. The results show a good performance for both MERRA-2 and ERA5 in terms of reproducing the snowpack state for the majority of water years, with a lower bias using ERA5 forcing.
Innovative features in the technical exploitation of machine and tractor fleet
Authors: Dunaev A.
Published: March 2021

Methods of dicrease wear and increase the service life by ultrasonic crystals fric-tion of agricultural machinery during its maintenance introduction to oil serpen-tine, nano-tribological composition of the second world war, as well as electric charges through the dipstick engines. Given also a method of increasing the effi ciency of automotive engines using activators of motor fuels Tambov GTU entered into that pivnoy system of the engine before the fuel high-pressure pump.
De bancário a candidato à presidência: a trajetória de José de Magalhães Pinto
Authors:   , Costa Esther Itaborahy
Published: March 2021

Recorrer aos estudos sobre biografia – ao analisar uma história de vida – nos permite identificar o indivíduo em seu lugar social, suas redes, seus grupos e as diversas instituições em que este se insere a partir de suas relações com os demais. Objetivamos compreender, então, a partir da análise da trajetória política de José de Magalhães Pinto e levando em conta as redes nas quais estabeleceu relações, como um banqueiro de Minas Gerais, ligado às elites do Estado, foi um dos fundadores da UDN – o partido de oposição a Vargas – e um dos principais líderes do Golpe Civil-Militar de 31 de março de 1964. Buscaremos analisar as relações familiares, os anos de estudo na Academia de Comércio e no Colégio Lucindo Filho (atual Colégio Machado Sobrinho) em Juiz de Fora, bem como os primeiros passos como bancário no Banco Hipotecário da cidade (1926), a partir da biografia “Magalhães: navegando contra o vento” e fontes documentais. Também analisaremos sua participação como signatário do Manifesto dos Mineiros (1943) contra o governo estadonovista de Vargas, como secretário de Finanças de Milton Campos (1947- 1950), como deputado federal por três mandatos consecutivos pela UDN (1950, 1954, 1958), como governador de Minas Gerais (1960) e, mais uma vez, como deputado federal (1978, 1982) pelo PDS (Partido Democrático Social). Ao longo desses 39 anos de vida política, Magalhães esteve intimamente ligado aos acontecimentos que levariam ao Golpe Civil-Militar e à Ditadura Militar: no primeiro, como um dos líderes civis que derrubariam o presidente João Goulart; no segundo, como um dos candidatos da UDN à presidência (1965), como ministro de Relações Exteriores do governo Costa e Silva (1967) pela Arena (Aliança Renovadora Nacional) e como senador (1970) pelo mesmo partido.
The Benefits and Risks of Adherence to Medical Therapy
Authors: Scialli Anthony R. , Saavedra Keene , Fugh-Berman Adriane
Published: March 2021

Noncompliance or nonadherence to prescribed medication is common. Reasons given by patients for not taking medications as prescribed include cost, adverse effects, or perceived lack of effectiveness, all of which are important factors in shared decision-making between health care providers and patients. It has been assumed that better compliance with medication therapy would mean better control of disease, prevention of disease-associated health impairment, and cost savings, but these assumptions are questionable. Although adherence to some medications, including anti-tuberculosis drugs and oral contraception, is necessary for effectiveness, it is unclear whether adherence to many other medications improves outcomes. Patients who adhere to almost any medication, including placebo, have better health outcomes, but these benefits could be due to healthy behaviors for which adherence is a marker. On the other hand, compliance with treatments that are harmful increase harms. Efforts to increase compliance with new drugs may be risky because newer drugs have limited safety data. We recommend that practitioners use noncompliance as an opportunity to address problems identified by the patient, including medication cost, side effects, and lack of perceived benefits. We also argue that inadequate attention has been paid to the possible role of drug manufacturers in distorting information about the causes, benefits, and harms of adherence.
Türkiye’de Siber Saldırı ve Tespit Yöntemleri: Bir Literatür Taraması
Authors: HATİPOĞLU Cemalettin , TUNACAN Tuğba
Published: March 2021

Siber suç, bir bilgisayar ve internet ağı içeren herhangi bir suçu ifade eden bilgisayar suçu olarak da bilinir. Bireyler, şirketler veya hükümetler hakkındaki bilgilere yapılan bir saldırıdır. Birey siber suçun ana hedefi olduğunda bilgisayar, siber suçta bir araç olarak düşünülebilir. Ayrıca siber suç, internet erişimiyle işlenen geleneksel suçları da içerir. Örneğin, telefonla pazarlama İnternet dolandırıcılığı, kimlik hırsızlığı ve kredi kartı hesap hırsızlığı. Basit bir ifadeyle siber suç, internet erişimi olan bilgisayar veya diğer cihazlar kullanılarak gerçekleştirilen her türlü şiddet eylemi olarak tanımlanabilir. Bu eylem başkalarına zararlı etkiler verebilir.Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye’ de siber suç konusunda durum tespiti ve siber saldırı türlerine karşılık üretilen çözüm yöntemlerini araştırmaktır. Ancak siber zorbalık ve siber suçlar ile ilgili kanun, yasa vs. konularında yapılmış olan çalışmalar ile 2016 öncesi yapılmış olan literatür çalışmaları kapsam dışında bırakılmıştır. Bu çalışmada metodoloji olarak; literatür taraması yöntemi seçilmiştir. Siber saldırı tiplerine baktığımızda en çok incelenen ve çalışmalara konu olan saldırı tiplerinin DoS ve DDoS saldırılar olduğu ve tespit yöntemlerinde ise Random Forest karar ağacı yönteminin kullanıldığı gözlemlenmektedir
PENGARUH KUALITAS PELAYANAN CUSTOMER SERVICE TERHADAP KEPUASAN NASABAH PADA BANK BJB KCP CIPANAS
Authors: Jayengsari Reksa , Yunita Rani , Maloka Sri
Published: March 2021

ABSTRAKKualitas pelayanan adalah totalitas fitur dan karakteristik produk atau jasa yang tergantung pada kemampuannya untuk memuaskan kebutuhan yang dinyatakan atau tersirat. Kepuasan pelanggan adalah tingkat perasaan seseorang setelah membandingkan kinerja (atau hasil) yang ia persepsikan dibandingkan dengan harapannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kualitas pelayanan Customer Serviceterhadap kepuasan nasabah dan menguji pengaruh kualitas pelayanan Customer Service terhadap kepuasan nasabah pada Bank BJB KCP Cipanas. Penulis menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode analisis deskriptif dan analisis statistik. Populasi pada penelitian iniJ yaitu sekuruh nasabah Bank BJB KCP Cipanas, dengan jumlah sampel yang diambil sebanyak 100 orang. Sedangkan alat pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah kuesioner. Hasil analisis penelitian menunjukkan pengaruh kualitas pelayanan Customer Service terhadap kepuasan nasabah pada Bank BJB KCP Cipanas. ABSTRACTService quality is the totality of features and characteristics of a product or service that depends on its ability to satisfy stated or implied needs. Customer satisfaction is the level of a person's feelings after comparing the performance (or results) he perceives compared to his expectations. This study aims to analyze the quality of Customer Serviceon customer satisfaction and to examine the effect of Customer Servicequality on customer satisfaction at Bank BJB KCP Cipanas. The author uses a quantitative approach with descriptive analysis methods and statistical analysis. The population in this study were all customers at Bank BJB KCP Cipanas, with a total sample of 100 people. Meanwhile, the data collection tool used was a questionnaire. The results of the research analysis showed the influence of Customer Servicequality on customer satisfaction at Bank BJB KCP Cipanas.
REFLEXIONES PARA UNA DIDÁCTICA EMERGENTE DESDE LOS APORTES DE EDGAR MORIN
Authors: Herrada Vicente Eduardo
Published: March 2021

La concepción tradicional de la didáctica tal como se ha venido entendiendo y aplicando en los últimos años, al parecer no cubre con las expectativas y las exigencias de la sociedad actual, lo cual ha generado cierta preocupación en la comunidad científica educativa. La necesidad de implementar una didáctica para la enseñanza de nuevos saberes y la formación del hombre del siglo XXI, ha sido motivo para que algunos investigadores de la educación se aboquen al estudio de este tema. En ese sentido, las ideas aportadas por el filósofo francés Edgar Morín en su obra “Los siete saberes necesarios para la educación del futuro”, nos invitan a repensar la didáctica desde la complejidad. Por ello, el propósito fundamental del presente artículo de base documental, es hacer un análisis reflexivo sobre esta obra literaria, para plantear a partir de allí la necesidad de desarrollar una didáctica emergente que cumpla con los requerimientos para la formación del hombre nuevo y a su vez cubra con las expectativas que la educación del futuro demanda.
NOCIONES SOBRE LA LECTURA Y LA ESCRITURA DE ESTUDIANTES DE INSTITUTOS DE FORMACIÓN DOCENTE DE NIVEL SUPERIOR PROFESORADOS DE EDUCACIÓN PRIMARIA Y PROFESORADOS PARA NIVEL MEDIO EN ENSEÑANZA DE LA LENGUA Y LA LITERATURA
Authors: Baez Mónica , Olivari Gabriela Alejandra , Gómer Adriana Graciela
Published: March 2021

El presente artículo da cuenta de los avances en torno a una investigación cualitativa en proceso de desarrollo a cargo de un equipo integrado por docentes y alumnos avanzados de la Maestría en Enseñanza de la Lengua y la Literatura (FHyA/UNR). Dentro del marco general de la epistemología genética, la teoría de los sistemas complejos (García, 2002) y el Interaccionismo discursivo (Bronckart, 2015), se parte de la hipótesis de que tanto el conocimiento teórico como la experiencia vivencial de la escritura y de la lectura atraviesa a los futuros docentes e incide en sus futuras prácticas áulicas.El estudio aspira a interpretar la articulación entre saberes y prácticas en torno a la lectura y la escritura en estudiantes de Profesorados de Institutos de Formación Docente. A este fin, se realizaron entrevistas en profundidad con estudiantes de dichos institutos para sondear sus supuestos y sus saberes acerca de ambas prácticas, nociones construidas a través de su biografía vivencial y académica.En este artículo nos referimos a los resultados provisorios obtenidos en los sondeos realizados con estudiantes de primero, tercero y cuarto año de los profesorados de Educación Primaria y de Educación Secundaria en Lengua y la Literatura en tres provincias argentinas: Entre Ríos, Santa Fe y Córdoba.
LA FORMACIÓN DEL MAGISTERIO RURAL EN ENTRE RÍOS: DEMANDAS PRODUCTIVAS Y ASPIRACIONES PROFESIONALES (1914-1930)
Authors: Cian Janet Priscila
Published: March 2021

En este artículo se reconstruye la política educativa para la formación del magisterio rural desenvuelta en la provincia de Entre Ríos durante los gobiernos de la Unión Cívica Radical que transcurren desde fines de 1914 a 1930. Se sostiene que durante dicho período se dio continuidad a la formación del magisterio rural mediante los cursos temporarios y la Escuela Normal Rural provincial, que comenzaron en 1903. Las modificaciones constatadas en ese lapso implicaron una mayor atención a la preparación pedagógica, en detrimento de la centralidad que tuvo la formación agropecuaria en sus primeros años. En esta reorientación confluyeron la particular articulación de la administración provincial, las agencias encargadas de la capacitación agropecuaria y el inicio de las regulaciones sobre el trabajo docente. Se trabaja desde una metodología cualitativa que combina aportes de la historiografía de las instituciones educativas con los recientes estudios sobre el Estado.
Carotid chemodectoma: treatment experience
Authors: Ruzin G.P. , Vasilenko V.M. , Vakulenko E.N.
Published: March 2021

The article presents the results of the examination and treatment of 6 patients with carotid chemodectomies who were treated at the clinic of maxillofacial surgery at Kharkov National Medical University. An analysis of the results of treatment. On the example of the results obtained for the differential diagnosis and selection of the optimal nature of surgical intervention when patients approach the maxillofacial surgeons, it is necessary to use ultrasound and computed tomography, and in doubtful cases selective angiography.
Classification of options of the temporomandibular joint during muscular-articular dysfunctions
Authors: Stoyan O.Y. , Ruzin G.P. , Sokolova I.I.
Published: March 2021

The article presents the rationale for a differentiated approach to diagnostics in order to improve the quality of treatment of patients with musculoskeletal dysfunction of the temporomandibular joints according to the degree of dysfunctional manifestations. Clinical and radiological features of different types of dysfunction are described, which makes it possible to improve the differentiated approach to the choice of treatment method for dysfunctional disorders.
МАРКЕТИНГОВІ ЗАСАДИ УПРАВЛІННЯ ЕФЕКТИВНИМ РОЗВИТКОМ РИНКУ ПОСЛУГ УКРАЇНИ В УМОВАХ ЦИФРОВІЗАЦІЇ ЕКОНОМІКИ
Authors: С. Ф. МАРОВА , Д. В. СОЛОХА
Published: March 2021

В роботі досліджено основні засади маркетингу, що забезпечують управління ефективним розвитком вітчизняного ринку послуг в довгостроковій пролонгованій перспективі в умовах реформування соціо-економічної системи України й адміністративно-територіальної реформи та формування цифрової економіки з урахуванням накопиченого позитивного досвіду вирішення питань, що розглядаються, у економічно розвинених країнах світу.
АСИМЕТРІЯ ВІТЧИЗНЯНОГО РИНКУ ПРАЦІ: АНАЛІЗ СТАНУ ІНФОРМАЦІЙНОГО ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ
Authors: М. М. РУЖЕНСЬКИЙ , О. П. ГРИШКО
Published: March 2021

У статті розглянуто проблему асиметрії інформації вітчизняного ринку праці згідно з її проявами у формі дисбалансів.  Неузгодженість загально-державних підходів до формування інформаційного забезпечення регулювання ринку праці, застаріле законодавче забезпечення функціонування ринку праці, відсутність нормативних документів щодо формування аналітичних звітів з урахуванням відомостей з усіх джерел інформації про стан ринку праці, неформальні трудові відносини на ринку праці і т.п. є наслідками неможливості встановлення ринкової рівноваги, в той час, коли це вкрай необхідно для врегулювання процесів на ринку праці та його соціально-економічних явищ. У статті досліджено поточний стан інформаційного забезпечення регулювання ринку праці і сформульовано пропозиції його удосконалення з метою забезпечення усіх суб’єктів ринку праці релевантною інформацією, що матиме беззаперечний вплив на зменшення обсягів асиметрії використовуваної на вітчизняному ринку праці інформації.
ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ЗАРУБІЖНОГО ДОСВІДУ ВІДНОВЛЕННЯ НАЦІОНАЛЬНОЇ ЕКОНОМІКИ В ПОСТКОНФЛІКТНИЙ ПЕРІОД
Authors: Ю. А. ПРИЙМАКОВА
Published: March 2021

Досліджено зарубіжний досвід відновлення національної економіки в постконфліктний період, який представляє інтерес для України. Встановлено особливості економічної політики постконфліктного відновлення та визначено основні інструменти. Доведено роль міжнародних фінансових інститутів у зміцненні фінансового потенціалу держави у постконфліктний період та вирішенні пріоритетних проблем післявоєнного відновлення.