bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Occurrence of Gluten-Related Antibodies, Sensitization to Selected Food Allergens, and Antibodies against Intrinsic Factor in Adult Patients with Diarrhea-Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Authors: Bierła Joanna B. , Cukrowska Bożena , Skrzydło-Radomańska Barbara , Prozorow-Król Beata , Kurzeja-Mirosław Anetta , Cichoż-Lach Halina , Laskowska Katarzyna , Sowińska Agnieszka , Majsiak Emilia
Published: July 2023

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common functional gastrointestinal disorder. Due to the possible overlap of IBS clinical symptoms with gluten-related diseases, food allergies, and autoimmune gastritis (AIG), the aim of this study was to present the frequency of anti-tissue transglutaminase 2 (TTG2) autoantibodies, anti-deamidated gluten peptide (DGP) antibodies, specific immunoglobulin E antibodies (sIgE) to selected food allergens, and anti-intrinsic factor (IF) autoantibodies in adult patients with diarrhea-predominant IBS (IBS-D). The study involved 244 patients (170 women) aged 18–75 years. The antibodies were measured with the use of multiparametric immunoassays. Elevated antibody concentrations, irrespective of the class of tested antibody, occurred in 44 patients (17.6%), including 11 patients (4.5%) with positive DGP antibodies, four patients (1.6%) with TTG2 autoantibodies, six patients (2.5%) with IF autoantibodies, and 31 patients (12.7%) with sIgE to food allergens. Sensitization to gluten, proteins from cow’s milk, and bovine serum albumin was found in 2.1%, 5.3%, and 9.0% of patients, respectively. Our study showed a high percentage of positive results for the tested antibodies in the IBD-D patients, which indicates the need to perform serological tests for CD, food allergies, and AIG in this group of patients.
Age-Related Changes in Epilepsy Characteristics and Response to Antiepileptic Treatment in Autism Spectrum Disorders
Authors: Gundogdu Beliz Su , Gaitanis John , Adams James B. , Rossignol Daniel A. , Frye Richard E.
Published: July 2023

Despite the high prevalence of epilepsy in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), there is little information regarding whether seizure characteristics and treatment effectiveness change across age. Using an online survey, seizure characteristics, effectiveness of antiepileptic treatments, comorbidities, potential etiologies, and ASD diagnosis were collected from individuals with ASD and seizures. We previously reported overall general patterns of treatment effectiveness but did not examine the effect of seizure characteristics or age on antiepileptic treatment effectiveness. Such information would improve the personalized medicine approach to the treatment of seizures in ASD. Survey data from 570 individuals with ASD and clinical seizures were analyzed. Seizure severity (seizure/week) decreased with age of onset of seizures, plateauing in adolescence, with a greater reduction in generalized tonic–clonic (GTC) seizures with age. Seizure severity was worse in those with genetic disorders, neurodevelopmental regression (NDR) and poor sleep maintenance. Carbamazepine and oxcarbazepine were reported to be more effective when seizures started in later childhood, while surgery and the Atkins/modified Atkins Diet (A/MAD) were reported to be more effective when seizures started early in life. A/MAD and the ketogenic diet were reported to be more effective in those with NDR. Interestingly, atypical Landau–Kleffner syndrome was associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and NDR, suggesting a novel syndrome. These interesting findings need to be verified in independent, prospectively collected cohorts, but nonetheless, these data provide insights into novel relationships that may assist in a better understanding of epilepsy in ASD and provide insight into personalizing epilepsy care in ASD.
Recommendations for Landslide Early Warning Systems in Informal Settlements Based on a Case Study in Medellín, Colombia
Authors: Gamperl Moritz , Singer John , Garcia-Londoño Carolina , Seiler Lisa , Castañeda Julián , Cerón-Hernandez David , Thuro Kurosch
Published: July 2023

Fatalities from landslides are rising worldwide, especially in cities in mountainous regions, which often expand into the steep slopes surrounding them. For residents, often those living in poor neighborhoods and informal settlements, integrated landslide early warning systems (LEWS) can be a viable solution, if they are affordable and easily replicable. We developed a LEWS in Medellín, Colombia, which can be applied in such semi-urban situations. All the components of the LEWS, from hazard and risk assessment, to the monitoring system and the reaction capacity, were developed with and supported by all local stakeholders, including local authorities, agencies, NGO’s, and especially the local community, in order to build trust. It was well integrated into the social structure of the neighborhood, while still delivering precise and dense deformation and trigger measurements. A prototype was built and installed in a neighborhood in Medellín in 2022, comprising a dense network of line and point measurements and gateways. The first data from the measurement system are now available and allow us to define initial thresholds, while more data are being collected to allow for automatic early warning in the future. All the newly developed knowledge, from sensor hardware and software to installation manuals, has been compiled on a wiki-page, to facilitate replication by people in other parts of the world. According to our experience of the installation, we give recommendations for the implementation of LEWSs in similar areas, which can hopefully stimulate a lively exchange between researchers and other stakeholders who want to use, modify, and replicate our system.
Cerebral Perfusion Pressure-Guided Therapy in Patients with Subarachnoid Haemorrhage—A Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Gradys Agata , Szrama Jakub , Molnar Zsolt , Guzik Przemysław , Kusza Krzysztof
Published: July 2023

Background: Prevention and treatment of haemodynamic instability and increased intracranial pressure (ICP) in patients with subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) is vital. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of protocolised cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP)-guided treatment on morbidity and functional outcome in patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with SAH. Methods: We performed a retrospective study comparing 37 patients who received standard haemodynamic treatment (control group) with 17 individuals (CPP-guided group) who were on the CPP-guided treatment aimed at maintaining CPP > 70 mmHg using both optimisations of ICP and mean arterial pressure (MAP). Results: MAP, cumulative crystalloid doses and fluid balance were similar in both groups. However, the incidence of delayed cerebral ischaemia was significantly lower in the CPP-guided group (14% vs. 64%, p < 0.01), and functional outcome as assessed by the Glasgow Outcome Scale at 30 days after SAH was improved (29.0% vs. 5.5%, p = 0.03). Conclusions: This preliminary analysis showed that implementing a CPP-guided treatment approach aimed at maintaining a CPP > 70 mmHg may reduce the occurrence of delayed cerebral ischaemia and improve functional outcomes in patients with SAH. This observation merits further prospective investigation of the use of CPP-guided treatment in patients with SAH.
Fixed Point Results in Soft Fuzzy Metric Spaces
Authors: Sonam Sonam , Bhardwaj Ramakant , Narayan Satyendra
Published: July 2023

The primary objective of the paper is to present the Banach contraction theorem in soft fuzzy metric spaces while taking into consideration a restriction on the soft fuzzy metric between the soft points of the absolute soft set. A new altering distance function, namely the Ψ-contraction function, is introduced on soft fuzzy metric spaces, and some fixed point results are proven by considering soft mappings that comprise Ψ-contraction with the continuity of soft t-norm. In addition to that, some illustrations are supplied for the support of the established soft fuzzy Banach contraction theorem and fixed point results over Ψ-contraction mappings. The obtained results generalize and extend some well-known results present in the literature on fixed point theory.
A Novel Finger Vein Verification Framework Based on Siamese Network and Gabor Residual Block
Authors: Yao Qiong , Chen Chen , Song Dan , Xu Xiang , Li Wensheng
Published: July 2023

The evolution of deep learning has promoted the performance of finger vein verification systems, but also brings some new issues to be resolved, including high computational burden, massive training sample demand, as well as the adaptability and generalization to various image acquisition equipment, etc. In this paper, we propose a novel and lightweight network architecture for finger vein verification, which was constructed based on a Siamese framework and embedded with a pair of eight-layer tiny ResNets as the backbone branch network. Therefore, it can maintain good verification accuracy under the circumstance of a small-scale training set. Moreover, to further reduce the number of parameters, Gabor orientation filters (GoFs ) were introduced to modulate the conventional convolutional kernels, so that fewer convolutional kernels were required in the subsequent Gabor modulation, and multi-scale and orientation-insensitive kernels can be obtained simultaneously. The proposed Siamese network framework (Siamese Gabor residual network (SGRN)) embeds two parameter-sharing Gabor residual subnetworks (GRNs) for contrastive learning; the inputs are paired image samples (a reference image with a positive/negative image), and the outputs are the probabilities for accepting or rejecting. The subject-independent experiments were performed on two benchmark finger vein datasets, and the experimental results revealed that the proposed SGRN model can enhance inter-class discrepancy and intra-class similarity. Compared with some existing deep network models that have been applied to finger vein verification, our proposed SGRN achieved an ACC of 99.74% and an EER of 0.50% on the FV-USM dataset and an ACC of 99.55% and an EER of 0.52% on the MMCBNU_6000 dataset. In addition, the SGRN has smaller model parameters with only 0.21 ×106 Params and 1.92 ×106 FLOPs, outperforming some state-of-the-art FV verification models; therefore, it better facilitates the application of real-time finger vein verification.
Modeling the Cigarette Consumption of Poor Households Using Penalized Zero-Inflated Negative Binomial Regression with Minimax Concave Penalty
Authors: Andriyana Yudhie , Fitriani Rinda , Tantular Bertho , Sunengsih Neneng , Wahyudi Kurnia , Mindra Jaya I Gede Nyoman Mindra , Falah Annisa Nur
Published: July 2023

The cigarette commodity is the second largest contributor to the food poverty line. Several aspects imply that poor people consume cigarettes despite having a minimal income. In this study, we are interested in investigating factors influencing poor people to be active smokers. Since the consumption number is a set of count data with zero excess, we have an overdispersion problem. This implies that a standard Poisson regression technique cannot be implemented. On the other hand, the factors involved in the model need to be selected simultaneously. Therefore, we propose to use a zero-inflated negative binomial (ZINB) regression with a minimax concave penalty (MCP) to determine the dominant factors influencing cigarette consumption in poor households. The data used in this study were microdata from the National Socioeconomic Survey (SUSENAS) conducted in March 2019 in East Java Province, Indonesia. The result shows that poor households with a male head of household, having no education, working in the informal sector, having many adult household members, and receiving social assistance tend to consume more cigarettes than others. Additionally, cigarette consumption decreases with the increasing age of the head of household.
Tail Risk Signal Detection through a Novel EGB2 Option Pricing Model
Authors: Lin Hang , Liu Lixin , Zhang Zhengjun
Published: July 2023

Connecting derivative pricing with tail risk management has become urgent for financial practice and academia. This paper proposes a novel option pricing model based on the exponential generalized beta of the second kind (EGB2) distribution. The newly proposed model is of generality, simplicity, robustness, and financial interpretability. Most importantly, one can detect tail risk signals by calibrating the proposed model. The model includes the seminal Black–Scholes (B−S) formula as a limit case and can perfectly “replicate” the option prices from Merton’s jump-diffusion model. Based on the proposed pricing model, three tail risk warning measures are introduced for tail risk signals detection: the EGB2 implied tail index, the EGB2 implied Value-at-Risk (EGB2-VaR), and the EGB2 implied risk-neutral density (EGB2 R.N.D.). Empirical results show that the new pricing model can yield higher pricing accuracy than existing models in normal and crisis periods, and three model-based tail risk measures can perfectly detect tail risk signals before financial crises.
Electrodeposited Ionomer Protection Layer for Negative Electrodes in Zinc–Air Batteries
Authors: Kwarteng Papa K. , Syahputra Suanto , Pasquini Luca , Vacandio Florence , Di Vona Maria Luisa , Knauth Philippe
Published: July 2023

The protection of zinc anodes in zinc–air batteries (ZABs) is an efficient way to reduce corrosion and Zn dendrite formation and improve cyclability and battery efficiency. Anion-conducting poly(N-vinylbenzyl N,N,N-trimethylammonium)chloride (PVBTMA) thin films were electrodeposited directly on zinc metal using cyclic voltammetry. This deposition process presents a combination of advantages, including selective anion transport in PVBTMA reducing zinc crossover, high interface quality by electrodeposition improving the corrosion protection of zinc and high ionomer stiffness opposing zinc dendrite perforation. The PVBTMA layer was observed by optical and electron microscopy, and the wettability of the ionomer-coated surface was investigated by contact angle measurements. ZABs with PVBTMA-coated Zn showed an appreciable and stable open-circuit voltage both in alkaline electrolyte (1.55 V with a Pt cathode) and in miniaturized batteries (1.31 V with a carbon paper cathode). Cycling tests at 0.5 mA/cm2 within voltage limits of 2.1 and 0.8 V gave a stable discharge capacity for nearly 100 cycles with a liquid electrolyte and more than 20 cycles in miniaturized batteries. The faster degradation of the latter ZAB was attributed to the clogging of the carbon air cathode and drying or carbonation of the electrolyte sorbed in a Whatman paper.
Response of Wheat, Maize, and Rice to Changes in Temperature, Precipitation, CO2 Concentration, and Uncertainty Based on Crop Simulation Approaches
Authors: Qin Mengting , Zheng Ennan , Hou Dingmu , Meng Xuanchen , Meng Fanxiang , Gao Yu , Chen Peng , Qi Zhijuan , Xu Tianyu
Published: July 2023

The influence of global climate change on agricultural productivity is an essential issue of ongoing concern. The growth and development of wheat, maize, and rice are influenced by elevated atmospheric CO2 concentrations, increased temperatures, and seasonal rainfall patterns. However, due to differences in research methodologies (e.g., crop models, climate models, and climate scenarios), there is uncertainty in the existing studies regarding the magnitude and direction of future climate change impacts on crop yields. In order to completely assess the possible consequences of climate change and adaptation measures on crop production and to analyze the associated uncertainties, a database of future crop yield changes was developed using 68 published studies (including 1842 samples). A local polynomial approach was used with the full dataset to investigate the response of crop yield changes to variations in maximum and minimum temperatures, mean temperature, precipitation, and CO2 concentrations. Then, a linear mixed-effects regression model was utilized with the limited dataset to explore the quantitative relationships between them. It was found that maximum temperature, precipitation, adaptation measure, study area, and climate model had significant effects on changes in crop yield. Crop yield will decline by 4.21% for each 1 °C rise in maximum temperature and increase by 0.43% for each 1% rise in precipitation. While higher CO2 concentrations and suitable management strategies could mitigate the negative effects of warming temperatures, crop yield with adaptation measures increased by 64.09% compared to crop yield without adaptation measures. Moreover, the uncertainty of simulations can be decreased by using numerous climate models. The results may be utilized to guide policy regarding the influence of climate change and to promote the creation of adaptation plans that will increase crop systems’ resilience in the future.
Macroscopical, Microscopical and Histochemical Analysis of Eryngium karatavicum Iljin Growing on the Territory of South Kazakhstan
Authors: Amantayeva Meruyert , Kozhanova Kaldanay , Kadyrbayeva Gulnara , Medeshova Aigul , Tulebayev Yerbolat , Zhandabayeva Moldir , Yeleken Gulnur , Allambergenova Zoya , Czigle Szilvia
Published: July 2023

Carrying out macroscopical and microscopical analyses of plants allows determining the species and identifying diagnostic signs of the plant that distinguish the studied object from other related species. Endemic plant species are a specific component of the flora, whose representatives grow in a relatively limited area, represented by a small geographical area. Their diagnostic morphological and anatomical data are insufficiently studied. Such endemic unexplored plant species include Eryngium karatavicum Iljin, which grows in the territory of South Kazakhstan. This article presents the results of macroscopical, microscopical and histochemical analyses of leaves, flowers and stems of Eryngium karatavicum. The results of morphological analysis of Eryngium karatavicum showed that the plant has distinctive features of macroscopical, microscopical and histochemical signs on the upper and lower sides of the leaf, stem, inflorescence, leaves of the wrapper and flower. These results can be used to confirm the authenticity, identification, and standardization of aerial parts of the endemic plant Eryngium karatavicum Iljin.
LSD-YOLOv5: A Steel Strip Surface Defect Detection Algorithm Based on Lightweight Network and Enhanced Feature Fusion Mode
Authors: Zhao Huan , Wan Fang , Lei Guangbo , Xiong Ying , Xu Li , Xu Chengzhi , Zhou Wen
Published: July 2023

In the field of metallurgy, the timely and accurate detection of surface defects on metallic materials is a crucial quality control task. However, current defect detection approaches face challenges with large model parameters and low detection rates. To address these issues, this paper proposes a lightweight recognition model for surface damage on steel strips, named LSD-YOLOv5. First, we design a shallow feature enhancement module to replace the first Conv structure in the backbone network. Second, the Coordinate Attention mechanism is introduced into the MobileNetV2 bottleneck structure to maintain the lightweight nature of the model. Then, we propose a smaller bidirectional feature pyramid network (BiFPN-S) and combine it with Concat operation for efficient bidirectional cross-scale connectivity and weighted feature fusion. Finally, the Soft-DIoU-NMS algorithm is employed to enhance the recognition efficiency in scenarios where targets overlap. Compared with the original YOLOv5s, the LSD-YOLOv5 model achieves a reduction of 61.5% in model parameters and a 28.7% improvement in detection speed, while improving recognition accuracy by 2.4%. This demonstrates that the model achieves an optimal balance between detection accuracy and speed, while maintaining a lightweight structure.
A Single-Sensor Approach to Quantify Gait in Patients with Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia
Authors: van Gelder Linda M. A. , Bonci Tecla , Buckley Ellen E. , Price Kathryn , Salis Francesca , Hadjivassiliou Marios , Mazzà Claudia , Hewamadduma Channa
Published: July 2023

Hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) is characterised by progressive lower-limb spasticity and weakness resulting in ambulation difficulties. During clinical practice, walking is observed and/or assessed by timed 10-m walk tests; time, feasibility, and methodological reliability are barriers to detailed characterisation of patients’ walking abilities when instrumenting this test. Wearable sensors have the potential to overcome such drawbacks once a validated approach is available for patients with HSP. Therefore, while limiting patients’ and assessors’ burdens, this study aims to validate the adoption of a single lower-back wearable inertial sensor approach for step detection in HSP patients; this is the first essential algorithmic step in quantifying most gait temporal metrics. After filtering the 3D acceleration signal based on its smoothness and enhancing the step-related peaks, initial contacts (ICs) were identified as positive zero-crossings of the processed signal. The proposed approach was validated on thirteen individuals with HSP while they performed three 10-m tests and wore pressure insoles used as a gold standard. Overall, the single-sensor approach detected 794 ICs (87% correctly identified) with high accuracy (median absolute errors (mae): 0.05 s) and excellent reliability (ICC = 1.00). Although about 12% of the ICs were missed and the use of walking aids introduced extra ICs, a minor impact was observed on the step time quantifications (mae 0.03 s (5.1%), ICC = 0.89); the use of walking aids caused no significant differences in the average step time quantifications. Therefore, the proposed single-sensor approach provides a reliable methodology for step identification in HSP, augmenting the gait information that can be accurately and objectively extracted from patients with HSP during their clinical assessment.
Modelling the Impact of Driver Work Environment on Driving Performance among Oil and Gas Heavy Vehicles: SEM-PLS
Authors: Al-Mekhlafi Al-Baraa Abdulrahman , Isha Ahmad Shahrul Nizam , Al-Tahitah Ali Nasser , Kineber Ahmed Farouk , Al-Dhawi Baker Nasser Saleh , Ajmal Muhammad
Published: July 2023

Driving heavy vehicles with dangerous cargo involves various work environments that can significantly impact road safety. This research aims to study the impact of oil and gas tanker drivers’ work environment on driving performance to identify and address any issues that may affect their ability to carry out their jobs effectively. To achieve this, a quantitative approach was employed using a questionnaire survey adapted from the literature review. The data collected from a sample of drivers of oil- and gas-heavy vehicles were analyzed using structural equation modelling. The study’s findings reveal a significant association between the drivers’ work environment and driving performance, represented by a path coefficient of β = 0.237. These results highlight the substantial contribution of the work environment to driving performance, with an effect of 63%. Consequently, the study emphasizes the importance of considering the work environment as a potential factor when assessing and enhancing tanker drivers’ driving abilities during oil and gas transportation.
Serologic Response and Safety after a Third Dose of the COVID-19 BNT162b2 Vaccine in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
Authors: Edelman-Klapper Hadar , Rabinowitz Keren Masha , Zittan Eran , Bar-Gil Shitrit Ariella Bar-Gil , Goren Idan , Avni-Biron Irit , Ollech Jacob E. , Lichtenstein Lev , Banai-Eran Hagar , Yanai Henit , Snir Yifat , Pauker Maor H. , Friedenberg Adi , Levy-Barda Adva , Broitman Yelena , Ben Zvi Haim , Perets Tsachi-Tsadok , Eliakim Rami , Barkan Revital , Goren Sophy , Cohen Dani , Dotan Iris
Published: July 2023

Vaccines are pivotal for control of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. Patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) treated with antitumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α have lower serologic response after two COVID-19 vaccine doses. Data regarding a third vaccine dose are scarce. An Israeli multicenter prospective observational study recruited 319 subjects: 220 with IBD (79 treated with anti-TNFα) and 99 healthy control (HC) participants. All patients received two mRNA-BNT162b2 vaccines (Pfizer/BioNTech), 80% of whom received a third vaccine dose. Evaluation included disease activity, anti-spike (S) and nucleocapsid (N) antibody levels, anti-TNFα drug levels, and adverse events (AEs). All participants showed significant serologic response one month after receiving a third dose. However, three months later, the anti-S levels decreased significantly in patients treated with anti-TNFα compared with the non-anti-TNFα and HC groups. A correlation between serologic response to the third vaccine dose and anti-TNF drug levels was not found. No significant AE or IBD exacerbation was observed. Importantly, lower serologic response after the third vaccine dose predicted infection. A third dose of BNT162b2 is effective and safe in patients with IBD. Lower serologic response predicted infection, even in seropositive subjects. Lower serologic responses and their rapid decline suggest a fourth vaccine dose in this patient population.
COVID-19 and Vaccination: Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of People Working on Illegal Gold Mining Sites in French Guiana
Authors: Durand Pierre , Basurko Célia , Vreden Stephen , Nacher Mathieu , Douine Maylis
Published: July 2023

Introduction: French Guiana is a French territory bordering Brazil and Suriname where the COVID-19 pandemic has severely strained the French Guianese health system. The people working on illegal gold mining sites in French Guiana, also known as garimpeiros, are mainly of Brazilian origin. Their health conditions are precarious, they live under the radar of the surveillance system and therefore, assessment of their health is quite challenging.. The objective of this study was to describe their knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding COVID-19 and vaccination against this infection. Methods: We conducted an international multicenter cross-sectional survey between 1 March 2022 and 30 April 2022 in French Guiana and Suriname, using a structured questionnaire. Results: Eighty persons were included, 95.0% of whom were Brazilian. Most had good general knowledge of COVID-19. Antibiotic prophylaxis had been practiced by 10.0% of participants. Forty-three people thought they had been infected with COVID-19 (53.8%). Self-medication was frequent, often with antibiotics (32.6%, mostlychloroquine, ivermectin or azithromycin) and most had not consulted a physician for symptoms of COVID-19. A majority (62.5%) had received at least one dose of vaccine. Those who were ever tested for COVID-19 were the most likely to be vaccinated (PR = 1.98, p = 0.009). Conclusions: Garimpeiros have a good level of knowledge about COVID-19 but the high consumption of antibiotics raises concerns about the selection of resistant bacteria. The vaccination rate was higher than that of the Guianese population. The most vaccinated individuals were those who had already taken a COVID test suggesting that these individuals had more exposure to the disease, were more health conscious, or had easier access to health centers.
Shared Primary-Specialty Care Models for the Management of Chronic Hepatitis B in China: Highly Effective and Cost-effective
Authors: Wong William , Zhang Lei , Seto Wai-Kay
Published: July 2023

Background

WHO Global health strategies for HIV, hepatitis and STI recommend decentralising routine hepatitis testing and care to primary care. China accounts for one-third of the world’s hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections and its national primary care system, capable of providing comprehensive care on chronic hepatitis B (CHB), is potentially the answer.

Aim

We evaluated the population impacts and cost-effectiveness in three scenarios: (1)status quo; (2) shared-care model with HBV testing and routine CHB follow-ups in primary care and antiviral treatment initiation in specialty care; and (3) shared-care model with HBV testing, treatment initiation and routine CHB follow-up in primary care and treatment for predetermined conditions in specialty care.

Method

We constructed a decision-tree Markov model to simulate HBV disease progression in a cohort of 100,000 CHB individuals aged ≥18 years over their lifetime. We evaluated from a healthcare provider’s perspective with 3% discounting rate and a cost-effectiveness threshold of 3 times China’s GDP.

Results

27.97% (89,636 person-years) of the 100,000 CHB individuals would progress to HBV-related complications spending US$569.03m. Compared withstatus quo, all shared-care models were cost-effective and cost-saving. Scenario 2 would result in a net gain of 3,015–110,096 quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) preventing 276–8,378 HBV-related deaths. Scenario 3 would result in a net gain of 14,012–117,185 QALYs preventing 1,273–8,874 HBV-related deaths. Improving HBV treatment from currently 11% to 80% would substantially improve its cost-effectiveness, with each dollar relocated to primary care gaining US$2.09 (total US$4.51 billion).

Conclusion

Shared-care CHB models with primary care are highly effective and cost-effective in China.
The psychosocial needs of carers of people with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Turner Anne , Larkin Mary
Published: July 2023

Background

Type 2 diabetes causes poor health outcomes if management is ineffective. Day-to-day self-management of type 2 diabetes is associated with diabetes distress, anxiety, and depression. This is also true for family members and informal (unpaid) carers, albeit the knowledge base about their lived experience is under-developed.

Aim

The aims of the research were to understand the lived experience of carers of people with type 2 diabetes, and what their psychosocial needs are by revealing the interaction between psychological and social experiences.

Method

Qualitative phenomenological research was undertaken within a constructionist paradigm. Ten semi-structured interviews were conducted using an interview schedule developed with local patient feedback. Data were analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis.

Results

Four themes emerged around carers’ psychosocial needs framed by an over-arching theme of carer stress. 1. Many carers benefitted from therapeutic discussions that allowed them to offload stress and seek professional affirmation about lifestyle change and difficult care decisions. 2. Carers reduced stress by defining caring boundaries and avoiding dyadic conflict. 3. They needed to protect the future by remaining personally healthy and limiting any escalation in the burden of care. 4. Maintaining and encouraging positive thinking within caring dyads enabled carers to offset stress by arranging enjoyable experiences and making diabetes relatively unimportant.

Conclusion

The research gave voice to this group of carers, many of whom experienced stress in their roles. They reduced stress about lifestyle change through a variety of strategies that have implications for effective management of diabetes within dyads and future health outcomes.
Brief report: Employees’ perceptions of stress and support during a pandemic mandated telework
Authors: Johnson Dimple , Johnson Aaron , Crossney Kristen , Devereux Emily
Published: July 2023

COVID-19 has forced the knowledge-based workforce into full-time remote work, amplifying every-day stressors. The crisis has resulted in employees having to juggle work and home life simultaneously, while forcing many organizations with little to no experience to implement and manage teleworking. This brief study explores employee perceived stress as it relates to perceived support and age within an American workforce during the COVID-19 pandemic. In a global era of uncertainty and crisis, the findings suggest that employees’ perceived stress is negatively related to age and perceived organizational support, but not related to perceived supervisor support. The pre-pandemic world will likely be a way of the past. Organizations across sectors now have a need to ensure that perceived organizational support is not neglected during the pandemic to ensure that these employers are poised to manage the aftermath.
Current problems of psychology in the field of law enforcement: concepts, approaches, technologies (Vasilievsky readings - 2023) (analytical review of international research-to-practice conference)
Authors: Rozhkov Anton
Published: July 2023

The article presents an overview of the research-to-practice conference «Current problems of psychology in the field of law enforcement: concepts, approaches, technologies» (Vasilievsky Readings - 2023), which is dedicated to the memory of the Soviet scientist-psychologist, Doctor of Psychological Sciences, Professor, Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation Vladislav Leonidovich Vasiliev.

The research results of scientific schools of the Russian Federation, People’s Republic of China, the Kyrgyz Republic, the Republic of Armenia, the Republic of Belarus, the Republic of Kazakhstan, the Republic of Uzbekistan on the following problems were presented at the conference: improvement of psychological work in the system of moral and psychological support for the activities of internal affairs bodies; introduction of achievements of psychology in practice of crime detection and investigation; psychological support for the implementation of law enforcement officers operational and service tasks, including in special conditions; protection of law enforcement officers from destructive informational and psychological impact.

The results of the conference demonstrate the need to combine the efforts of various scientific psychological schools from different countries to achieve law enforcement goals, protect public order, ensure public safety and well-being of people around the world.
DEHYDRATION OF BEER PELLETS IN A DECANTER FOR ANIMAL FEED PREPARATION
Authors:   Samara State Agrarian University, Kirov Yuri , Blinkov Roman ,   Samara State Agrarian University
Published: July 2023

One of the main problems in the field of recycling of secondary products of the brewing industry is the development and creation of an effective technology and equipment for the disposal of brewer's grains (SP), which has a nutritional value for farm animals. One of the ways to solve this problem is the dehydration of PD in the field of centrifugal forces with subsequent use in feed preparation. The analysis of scientific sources and patent research, which made it possible to determine the most effective devices for dehydrating PD in the zone of centrifugal forces and to substantiate a promising design and technological scheme in use, are made in the article. The improved design of the decanter, which is a precipitating-filtering centrifuge, is proposed to be used to improve the technology for efficient dehydration of liquid PD in the processing scheme. The novelty of the developed decanter lies in the combination of the settling and filtering processes for separating PD into solid and liquid fractions. The proposed design of the improved decanter has a significant difference from the existing ones - a low percentage of moisture in the separated PD solid fraction. The theoretical process of PD dehydration in the filter part of the decanter was studied to justify the design of the latter. The movement of an elementary volume of the PD mass in the area of the perforated surface of the filtering sector of the decanter is considered in order to theoretically substantiate the design and parameters of the filtering part of the decanter in the article, based on the basic hydraulic law of filtering with the formation of sediment. The resistance of the DP sediment on the perforated surface of the decanter filter sector was determined. Analytical expressions for determining the limiting angle and length of the perforated surface of the filter sector in the decanter are obtained. The use of a new decanter design will allow the development of effective technologies for the utilization of PD for food for farm animals, which leads to a reduction in operating costs for the entire process of processing waste from breweries as a whole.
USE OF SEMICONDUCTOR PELTIER ELEMENTS IN A GAS-USED BOILER
Authors:   All-Russian Research Institute for Use of Machinery and Petroleum Products in Agriculture, Shuvalov Anatoliy , Mashkov Alexey ,   All-Russian Research Institute for Use of Machinery and Petroleum Products in Agriculture, Popov Mikhail ,   All-Russian Research Institute for Use of Machinery and Petroleum Products in Agriculture
Published: July 2023

Cooking boilers powered by natural gas are promising equipment for the preparation of feed in private farms. Based on the patent search, it has been established that there is a wide choice of gas-using boilers with different levels of automation of the process of thermal processing of the product and ensuring safety during operation. At the preliminary stage of the study, it was found that with a smooth control of the power of the gas burner of the digester during the preparation of feed, gas savings of up to 19% are achieved. The principle of self-regulation of gas consumption by a gas burner is determined in proportion to the heat flow consumed by the digester. A working experimental sample was made on the basis of an automation kit for a digester with smooth control of the power of a gas burner. A mathematical model has been developed that describes the processes of heat and mass transfer in a feed boiler with self-regulation of power. Based on the analysis of energy supply systems in digesters and heating boilers, the expediency of developing a new promising power self-regulation scheme based on Peltier semiconductor thermoelements has been established. As shown by the results of experimental studies of automation in various operating modes, the voltage on thermoelectric elements changes in proportion to the temperature difference. It is established that the minimum voltage is 0.07V, the maximum is 0.7V. The voltage and temperature of the product and hot steam in the jacket were measured using TEK DT 830B multimeters. It has been established that the best sensitivity of the thermal regime control system is achieved if the thermoelectric converter module is equipped with nine elements that change the output voltage in proportion to the temperature difference in the steam jacket of the digester.
APPLYING MULAN (2020) MOVIE TO ANALYZE ILLOCUTIONARY ACTS
Authors: Rosyiidah Afiifah Al
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

 

 

The study conducted under the theme of speech acts is still popular since it emerges to be more attractive from time to time. This study principally discusses one of the enticing issues which are to scrutinize speech acts. This study focuses on the types of illocutionary acts taken from the dialogues in Mulan (2020) movie. It aims to discover and explain how types of illocutionary acts are applied in the dialogues of the main character of Mulan (2020) movie. This study uses descriptive qualitative research design. The findings of this research are that 46 utterances of the main character, Mulan, contain illocutionary act in all types, namely 17 directive utterances, 14 assertive utterances, nine expressive utterances, five commissive utterances, and one declarative utterance. From the finding, it can be concluded that illocutionary acts applied by the main character in Mulan (2020) movie have various functions. It mostly includes advising, commanding, ordering, and requesting.

ABSTRAK

Penelitian dengan mengangkat tema tentang tindak tutur masih banyak diminati karena tampaknya tema ini semakin menarik untuk dikaji dari waktu ke waktu. Penelitian ini difokuskan pada salah satu kajian yang menarik dalam ilmu Pragmatik yaitu tentang tindak tutur. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis dan menjelaskan tipe-tipe tindak tutur ilokusi yang terdapat dalam ujaran-ujaran pemeran utama dalam film Mulan (2020). Penelitian ini menerapkan desain penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Adapun hasil dari penelitian ini adalah ditemukan sebanyak 46 ujaran dari pemeran utama dalam film Mulan (2020) yang mengandung tindak tutur ilokusi, diantaranya adalah 17 tindak tutur ilokusi direktif, 14 tindak tutur ilokusi asertif, sembilan tindak tutur ilokusi ekspresif, lima tindak tutur ilokusi komisif, dan satu tindak tutur ilokusi deklaratif. Berdasarkan fungsi dari tindak tutur ilokusi tersebut, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tindak ilokusi yang diterapkan oleh tokoh utama dalam film Mulan (2020) memiliki fungsi yang beragam, Sebagian besar mencakup fungsi berupa menasihati, memerintah, menawarkan, dan meminta.
LW-IRSTNet: Lightweight Infrared Small Target Segmentation Network and Application Deployment
Authors: Kou Renke , Wang Chunping , Yu Ying , Peng Zhenming , Yang Mingbo , Huang Fuyuan , Fu Qiang
Published: July 2023

Efficiently and accurately separating infrared (IR) small targets from complex backgrounds presents a significant challenge. Numerous studies in the literature have proposed various feature fusion modules designed specifically to enhance the extraction of IR small target features. While these designs offer some incremental improvement to the accuracy of IR small target detection, they come at a steep cost of significantly increasing network parameters and FLOPs. Striving for a balance between computational efficiency and model accuracy, we decided to forgo these complex feature fusion modules. Instead, we developed a new lightweight encoding and decoding structure known as the Lightweight IR Small Target Segmentation Network (LW-IRSTNet). This structure integrates regular convolutions, depthwise separable convolutions, atrous convolutions, and asymmetric convolutions modules. In addition, we devised post-processing modules including an eight-neighborhood clustering algorithm and an online target feature adjustment strategy. Experimental results indicate that: 1) the segmentation accuracy metrics of LW-IRSTNet match the best results of 14 state-of-the-art comparative baselines; 2) the parameters and FLOPs of LW-IRSTNet, at only 0.16M and 303M respectively, are significantly smaller in comparison to these baselines; and 3) the post-processing modules enhance both user-friendliness and the robustness of algorithm deployment. Moreover, LW-IRSTNet has been successfully implemented on both embedded platforms and websites, expanding its range of applications. Utilizing the ONNX framework, NPU acceleration, and CPU multi-threaded resource allocation, we have been able to achieve high-performance inference capabilities, as well as online dynamic threshold adjustment with the LW-IRSTNet. The source codes for this project can be accessed at https://github.com/kourenke/LW-IRSTNet.
Aprimorando a saúde planetária através da Atenção Primária à Saúde: Possibilidades de implementação
Authors: Moraes Filho Iel Marciano de , Tavares Giovana Galvão
Published: July 2023

A saúde planetária é um movimento global que objetiva desenvolver soluções, baseadas em evidências, para minimizar os problemas ambientais ocasionados pelas mudanças climáticas. Ela dedica-se ao estudo das interdependências entre a saúde dos sistemas naturais do planeta e a saúde da civilização humana, tangendo de forma interdisciplinar, com a finalidade de entender os impactos da atividade humana no meio ambiente e na saúde individual e coletiva, e de reconhecer que a saúde humana está intimamente ligada à saúde do planeta, e que a degradação ambiental pode levar a doenças e a problemas de saúde em larga escala
Febre Maculosa: Relatos de caso.
Authors: De Souza Gabriel Alves , Emericiano Guilherme Martins Bezerra , Vásquez Isabel Felipe , Fernandes João Henrique Menezes , De Carvalho Mateus Laurindo Ferreira , Santana Vinícius Landim , Da Silva Cláudio Gleidiston Lima , De Lima Marcos Antônio Pereira , Dos Santos Maria do Socorro Vieira
Published: July 2023

A Febre Maculosa (FM) é uma doença causada pela bactéria gram-negativa da espécie Rickettsia, transmitida por meio da picada de carrapatos das espécies Dermacentor variabilis e Dermacentor variabilis andersoni, geralmente durante os meses de verão. Dessa forma, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo fazer uma revisão de relatos de casos sobre a Febre Maculosa, elencando os principais sintomas encontrados, os métodos de diagnósticos mais utilizados e as formas de tratamento administradas. Foi realizada uma revisão de literatura nos bancos de dados da PUBMED e Periódico da Capes, publicados no período de 2018 a 2023. Na análise dos casos selecionados verificou-se que as principais manifestações clínicas foram febre, exantema, mialgia, cefaléia, astenia, dor abdominal, artralgia, edema e a perda de consciência. Em relação aos achados laboratoriais. merecem destaque os resultados de trombocitopenia, transaminite, leucopenia, hiponatremia e leucocitose. Os principais testes de diagnósticos utilizados nos relatos estudados foram a Imunofluorescência indireta (RIFI), o PCR e o teste de Weil-Felix. No Brasil, o tratamento padrão é realizado com a doxiciclina, sendo o cloranfenicol utilizado como segunda escolha e priorizado em formas graves, nas quais a administração parenteral é necessária. No contexto geral, o manejo terapêutico deve ser realizado de forma precoce para que haja maiores chances de cura do paciente com a redução dos quadros de mortalidade.
Efektivitas Pemberian Dukungan Sosial terhadap Self Esteem Orangtua yang memiliki Anak Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
Authors: Izzati Nadia , Setiawati Hariyono Dyta
Published: July 2023

Setiap pasangan menginginkan keturunan yang diharapkan mampu memberikan manfaat, baik untuk keluarga maupun masyarakat luas. Namun tidak semua keinginan pasangan mampu terealisasikan dengan memiliki anak normal, ada pula yang dianugerahkan untuk merawat anak berkebutuhan khusus, yaitu autis. Merawat anak autis tentunya membutuhkan kemampuan dan kesabaran yang lebih besar, yang mana hal tersebut juga mempengaruhi  self esteem atau harga diri orangtua ketika mengurus anak autis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dukungan sosial terhadap self esteem orangtua yang memiliki anak autis di Kota Banjarmasin. Subjek penelitian ini berjumlah 70 orangtua yang memiliki anak autis. Teknik pengambilan data sampel pada penelitian ini menggunakan sampel jenuh, dan alat pengumpulan data menggunakan skala dukungan sosial dan skala self esteem. Dari hasil analisis data yang dilakukan, terdapat pengaruh signifikan pada dukungan sosial (X) terhadap self esteem (Y).

Kata Kunci : Dukungan Sosial, Self Esteem, Orangtua, Autis.
Finger Painting untuk Meningkatkan Perkembangan Motorik Halus (Keterampilan Menulis) di Kelas Inklusi MI Amanah
Authors: Fadilah Maulida Nur , Zuhroh Luthfiatus
Published: July 2023

Motorik halus merupakan koordinasi halus pada otot-otot kecil yang memainkan suatu peran

utama Salah satu keterampilan motorik halus adalah keterampilan menulis keterampilan menulis

adalah keterampilan membuat huruf, angka, nama, tanda bahasa apapun dengan alat tulis pada

halaman tertentu. Kemampuan menulis siswa berkebutuhan khusus masih dalam kualifikasi

rendah. Upaya untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut adalah dengan menggunakan kegiatan

finger painting. Kegiatan finger painting merupakan teknik melukis dengan jari tangan secara

langsung tanpa menggunakan bantuan alat. Kegiatan finger painting dapat dilaksanakan dan

menjadikan pembelajaran yang aktif, inovatif dan kreatif di kelas inklusi. Tujuan penelitian ini

guna mengetahui apakah finger painting dapat mempengaruhi perkembangan motorik halus terutama keterampilan menulis pada siswa berkebutuhan khusus. Untuk mencapai tujuan diatas,

digunakan jenis penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode pre-eksperimen yang menggunakan desain

one group pre test-post test design. Teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini menggunakan

observasi dan penilaian keterampilan menulis (pretest-posttest). Kemudian hasil pretest –posttest

dihitung menggunakan uji Wilcoxon. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan pada rata-rata (mean) hasil

pretest dan posttest meningkat sebesar 36,6. Hasil uji statistic Wilcoxon signed ranks test

0,027<0,05 artinya ada pengaruh pemberian kegiatan finger painting untuk meningkatkan

perkembangan motorik halus (keterampilan menulis) di kelas inklusi.