bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Physical and Mechanical Methods for the Removal of Lithobionts—A Review
Authors: Pinna Daniela
Published: February 2024

This paper describes and discusses the results of scientific experiences of the physical and mechanical methods used to control and inhibit the growth of lichens and biofilms that grow on indoor and outdoor historical stone artworks. It provides an extensive selection and examination of international papers published in the last two decades on the issue. The great advantage of physical and mechanical methods lies in the lack of potential risks associated with the irreversible application of microbicides. Indeed, they do not introduce any harmful chemicals to humans, to the environment, or to heritage objects. This review focuses on the application of (i) electromagnetic radiation, (ii) high temperatures, (iii) lasers, and (iv) mechanical tools, and includes the main achievements, limitations, and potential applications of the examined studies.
Thymus Surgery Prospectives and Perspectives in Myasthenia Gravis
Authors: Salahoru Paul , Grigorescu Cristina , Hinganu Marius , Lunguleac Tiberiu , Halip Alina , Hinganu Delia
Published: February 2024

The thymus is a lymphoid organ involved in the differentiation of T cells, and has a central role in the physiopathogenesis of Myasthenia Gravis (MG). This connection is proved by a series of changes in the level of neuromuscular junctions, which leads to a decrease in the amplitude of the action potential in the post-synaptic membrane. Because of this, the presence of anti-cholinergic receptor antibodies (AChR), characteristic of MG, is found, which causes the progressive regression of the effect of acetylcholine at the level of neuromuscular junctions, with the appearance of muscle weakness. The thymectomy is a surgical variant of drug therapy administered to patients with MG. In the case of patients with nonthymomatous MG, thymectomy has become a therapeutic standard, despite the fact that there is no solid scientific evidence to explain its positive effect. Videothoracoscopic surgery or robotic surgery led to a decrease in the length of hospital stay for these patients. This paper aims to synthesize the information presented in the literature in order to create a background for the perspectives of thymectomy.
Redefining Qurʾānic Hermeneutics: Muḥammad ʿĀbid al-Jābrī and Nasr Ḥāmid Abū Zayd’s Humanistic Interpretations
Authors: Mostfa Ali
Published: February 2024

This article presents the innovative endeavor by Muḥammad ʿĀbid al-Jābrī and Nasr Ḥāmid Abū Zayd in interpreting the Qurʾān through a humanistic lens. Their approach marks a pivotal shift, viewing the Qurʾān as a dynamic text that actively engages with the human interpreter. This human-centric perspective underpins their hermeneutical method, which employs lexicography, philology, and semantics to unearth the layered meanings within the Qurʾānic narrative. The article delves into the nuances of their methodologies, drawing parallels and distinctions, and underscores their profound impact on modern Qurʾānic hermeneutics.
Microstructural Transformations and Prediction Models of an Expansive Soil Subjected to Simulated Rainfall Conditions
Authors: Han Liwei , Ma Liyuan , Ji Wenhui
Published: February 2024

The pore size distributions of an expansive soil under different simulated rainfall conditions were studied using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques. Four sets of treatments with different rainfall intensities (light, moderate, heavy, and rainstorm) and durations (0.5 d, 1 d, 2 d, and 3 d) were designed to analyze the effects of rainfall on the microstructure of the expansive soil. Results show that with increasing rainfall duration, micropores gradually form and develop, enlarge, and interconnect in the soil, eventually forming stable seepage channels. Under light and moderate rain conditions, the proportion of micropores gradually decreases, while the proportions of mesopores and macropores gradually increase. Under heavy and rainstorm conditions, the proportion of micropores sharply decreases and then stabilizes, while the proportions of mesopores and macropores increase. With increasing rainfall intensity, the dominant pore size and porosity both initially increase and then stabilize. A quantitative relationship model between pore size, porosity, and rainfall conditions is established and the fitting effect is good. This study shows that rainfall alters the microstructure of expansive soils, which stabilizes after dynamic equilibrium. This provides a theoretical basis for predicting and controlling the engineering behavior of expansive soils under different rainfall conditions.
Les vétérinaires investissent le champ de l’économie rurale sous le directoire (1795-1799) : les expériences de François-hilaire Gilbert à Sceaux
Authors: Rosolen Serge-Georges , Rosolen Agnès
Published: February 2024

Avant 1826 l’enseignement des savoirs agronomiques et vétérinaires était regroupé au sein des Écoles vétérinaires. A la fin de la Terreur le gouvernement du Directoire souhaite consolider la République dans une société plus apaisée. L’agriculture constitue un fondement de la prospérité nationale. L’élevage des animaux domestiques est un enjeu économique majeur. L’un des plus grands savants de son temps, notre confère François-Hilaire Gilbert imagine avec d’autres un modèle d’économie rurale, symbole d’un pouvoir républicain. Il pose les fondements d’une véritable science de l’animal domestique. Le gouvernement du Directoire (1795-1799) lui propose de mettre ses idées en pratique dans l’Établissement rural d’expérience de Sceaux. Cette expérience ambitieuse qui durera trois ans entre en résonnance avec la pensée écologique contemporaine d’un Seul Monde (One Planet).
Étude comparative des réseaux cérébraux en IRM fonctionnelle au repos chez l’humain, le microcèbe et la souris
Authors: Fermigier Alice , Dhenain Marc , Garin Clément M.
Published: February 2024

Les réseaux cérébraux au repos, visibles en IRM fonctionnelle, sont les reflets de l’activité intrinsèque du cerveau et donnent de précieuses informations sur la fonction cérébrale saine et pathologique. L’étude de ces réseaux dans des modèles animaux pourrait, en améliorant la compréhension des différences anatomiques et fonctionnelles existant entre les espèces de mammifères, être à la base d’avancées substantielles dans la compréhension des maladies neurologiques et des bases de la fonction cérébrale chez l’humain. Cependant, la comparaison interspécifique de ces réseaux cérébraux est ardue car les atlas cérébraux, les protocoles d’acquisition et la résolution des IRM sont trop dissemblables. Elle nécessiterait donc un cadre d’étude plus rigoureux, qui pour le moment fait défaut. En effet, de nombreuses études ont décrit des réseaux homologues dans différentes espèces mammifères, mais très peu d’études interspécifiques ont à ce jour été réalisées. Notre étude est donc la première à extraire et comparer des réseaux cérébraux au repos et leurs sous-réseaux chez l’humain, la souris et le primate microcèbe. Nous avons pu observer de nombreuses similitudes entre les réseaux extraits dans les différentes espèces, mais également de notables divergences qu’il convient d’analyser à la lumière de ce que nous savons sur les capacités cérébrales de chacune d’entre elles.
Instituto da estabilidade: uma análise acerca dos princípios da impessoalidade, da supremacia do interesse público e da eficiência em face da reforma administrativa da PEC 32/2020 / Institute of stability: an analysis about the principles of impersonality, the supremacy of public interest and the efficiency in face of the administrative reform of PEC 32/2020
Authors: Lima Beatriz Vytória Nogueira , Da Silva Lívia Vale , Feio Thiago Alves
Published: February 2024

A presente pesquisa tem como foco analisar o impacto no instituto da estabilidade da Administração Pública brasileira, especificamente no que versa os princípios da impessoalidade, da supremacia do interesse público e da eficiência, com a implementação da PEC 32/2020. A pesquisa permitiu descrever como o servidor público adquire o direito à estabilidade, bem como as principais mudanças a esse instituto trazidas pela PEC em questão. Tem um viés preocupado com a efetiva aplicabilidade de tais princípios basilares para o bom e correto funcionamento da administração pública, caso seja aprovada a emenda. Busca-se também, explicitar a estabilidade no ponto de vista da produtividade e qualidade do serviço público, sempre avaliando sob a perspectiva dos critérios legais e posicionamentos jurisprudenciais.
ANALISIS FAKTOR SERAPAN TENAGA KERJA DI KAWASAN PENGEMBANGAN SEGITIGA REBANA
Authors: Ferdianysah Hadi
Published: February 2024

Pemerintah Provinsi Jawa Barat menargetkan 4,3 juta jiwa tenaga kerja dapat terserap dalam Pengembangan Kawasan Segitiga REBANA. Untuk menguatkan perencanaan tersebut, kiranya diperlukan kajian yang menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi penyerapan tenaga kerja di Provinsi Jawa Barat dan khususnya di wilayah Segitiga REBANA. Oleh karena itu analisis pada kajian ini memakai dimensi waktu sebelum adanya perencanaan Pengembangan Kawasan Segitiga REBANA. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis dan membandingkan faktor-faktor makro yang mempengaruhi penyerapan tenaga kerja antara Kabupaten/Kota pada Kawasan Segitiga REBANA dan seluruh Kabupaten/Kota di Provinsi Jawa Barat pada periode tahun 2011-2019. Faktor-faktor tersebut antara lain Pembentukan Modal Tetap Bruto (PMTB), Upah Minimum Kabupaten/Kota (UMK), Belanja Daerah (ABD) dan Indeks Pendidikan (IP). Hasil dari analisis dan komparasi ini diharapkan dapat menjadi acuan dan telaahan kebijakan makro untuk meningkatkan serapan tenaga kerja di Kawasan Segitiga REBANA. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan model analisis regresi data panel. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data panel dengan model Generalized Least Square diperoleh hasil bahwa serapan tenaga kerja seluruh Kabupaten/Kota di Jawa Barat dipengaruhi secara signifikan oleh faktor PMTB, UMK, ABD dan IP. Sedangkan pada penyerapan tenaga kerja seluruh Kabupaten/Kota di Kawasan Segitiga REBANAhanya dipengaruhi secara signifikan oleh faktor ABD dan IP.
JENIS – JENIS BAHASA SAPAAN DI PONDOK PESANTREN PUTRI AS-SALAFIAT 1 BABAKAN, CIWARINGIN, CIREBON
Authors: Alifatuzzahro
Published: February 2024

Bahasa Indonesia merupakan bahasa yang terdiri dari berbagai jenis. Setiiap daerah memiliki karakteristik atau jenis bahasanya masing-masing. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk mengidentifikasi bentuk bahasa sapaan di Pondok Pesantren Putri As-Salafiat 1 Babakan, Ciwaringin, Cirebon. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan analisis Miles and Huberman. Hasil penelitian mengemukakan bahwa ada beberapa jenis sapaan di lingkungan pesantren, diantaranya: Kyai, Nyai, Acung, Gus, Ning, Abah, Mbah, Kang, Yayu, Teteh, Sampean dan Jenengan, yang mana bentuk sapaan tersebut memiliki makna dan mengandung pembentukan karakter
STRATEGI PENANGGULANGAN KEMISKINAN DAN PENGANGGURAN MELALUI PEMBERDAYAAN KEWIRAUSAHAAN SOSIAL: KASUS DI JAWA BARAT
Authors: Kharisma Bayu , Hadian Nur Yudha , Wardhana Adhitya
Published: February 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) mengidentifikasi karateristik dan faktor-faktor yang menjadi determinan dalam kewirausahaan sosial di Provinsi Jawa Barat, (2) menganalisa peran dan pengaruh kewirausahaan sosial dalam mengurangi tingkat kemiskinan dan angka pengangguran di Jawa Barat dan (3) merumuskan kebijakan yang perlu dilakukan dalam kewirausahaan sosial yang berbasiskan UMKM sebagai solusi dalam upaya mengurangi tingkat kemiskinan dan angka pengangguran di Jawa Barat. Metode analisis data pada penelitian ini mengabungkan antara data kuantitif dengan kualitatif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian maka dapat diperoleh beberapa kesimpulan. Pertama, karateristik dan faktor-faktor yang menjadi determinan dalam kewirausahaan sosial di Provinsi Jawa Barat adalah pendapatan usaha/perusahaan, tingkat pendidikan, kepemilikan usahanya, umur dari pengusaha, jumlah pegawai yang dimiliki oleh masing-masing entrepreneur, jiwa sosial yang dimiliki oleh para pengusaha SE dan proses inovasi produk. Kewirausahaan sosial berpengaruh positif terhadap penciptaan lapangan kerja, dimana dengan adanya kewirausahaan sosial dapat menyerap tenaga kerja lebih banyak. Kewirausahaan sosial memiliki kemungkinan lebih tinggi untuk mendapatkan laba dibandingkan dengan wirausaha yang konvensional. Kebijakan yang perlu dilakukan dalam kewirausahaan sosial yang berbasiskan UMKM sebagai solusi dalam upaya mengurangi tingkat kemiskinan dan angka pengangguran di Jawa Barat adalah. penciptaan wirausaha sosial baru dengan memberikan beberapa stimulus, perlu dilakukan pendampingan untuk meningkatkan kemandirian dan kesinambungan usahanya, terutama sejak pandemi Covid-19, mendorong pemberdayaan masyarakat, mendorong finansial dan kelembagaan dan terakhir membangun kewirausahaan sosial yang berbasis inovasi sosial.
ANALISIS KESESUAIAN PENGGUNAAN LAHAN PERMUKIMAN DI KECAMATAN CIMAHI SELATAN SEBAGAI REKOMENDASI ARAHANPOLA RUANG PERMUKIMAN
Authors: Susilo Khairunnisa , Darsiharjo  , Somantri Lili , Din Haq Harun
Published: February 2024

Peningkatan luas penggunaan lahan permukiman di Kecamatan Cimahi Selatan pada tahun 2010 sampai tahun 2019 seluas 0,5 km2 dan akan terus meningkat seiring berjalannya waktu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi karakteristik lahan dan mengevaluasi penggunaan lahan untuk permukiman serta memberikan rekomendasi arahan pengembangan kawasan permukiman. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) dan analisis Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG). Hasil penelitian mendapati hasil bahwa karakteristik lahan untuk permukiman di Kecamatan Cimahi Selatan yang menjadi prioritas dalam penilaian kesesuaian lahan adalah karakteristik drainase, gerakan tanah, banjir. Lahan dengan kategori sangat sesuai (S1) seluas 10,32 km2, cukup sesuai (S2) seluas 2,5 km2, dan kategori sesuai marginal (S3) seluas 3,4 km2. Kesesuaian permukiman aktual di Kecamatan Cimahi Selatan terdapat tiga kategori kelas yaitu sangat sesuai (S1) seluas 7,661 km2, cukup sesuai (S2) seluas 1,188 km2, dan sesuai marginal (S3) seluas 1,850 km2. Sedangkan hasil analisis permukiman aktual, didapati hasil bahwa seluas 2,847 km2 atau 26,6% merupakan lahan yang tidak sesuai dengan RT RW Kota Cimahi Tahun 2012-2032. Lahan permukiman yang sesuai dengan arahan pada RT RW Kota Cimahi Tahun 2012-2032 seluas 7,852 km2 yaitu 73,4%. Hasil analisis RT RW Kota Cimahi tahun 2012-2032 dengan penggunaan lahan aktual, didapatkan hasil rekomendasi luas wilayah pengembangan permukiman sesuai dengan Pola Ruang Kota Cimahi tahun 2012 seluas 1,6223 km2.
PELUANG MENINGKATKAN PRODUKTIVITAS AGROFORESTRI DENGAN MENERAPKAN JAJAR LEGOWO PADA SISTEM PENANAMAN POHON: STUDI LITERATUR
Authors: Suhartono
Published: February 2024

Ketersediaan lahan merupakan faktor penentu dalam meningkatkan produksi tanaman pertanian, perkebunan dan kehutanan. Namun demikian untuk meningkatkan produktivitas lahan sering kali terkendala oleh kondisi lingkungan yang kurang ideal. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peluang meningkatkan produktivitas agroforestri dengan menerapkan pola jajar legowo pada sistem penanaman kayu. Metode yang digunakan adalah literatur review dari publikasi jurnal, prosiding, skripsi, tesis dan artikel populer. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa menerapkan konsep jajar legowo pada sistem penanaman kayu dalam usahatani agroforestri berpeluang dapat meningkatkan produktivitas lahan. Pengaturan tanaman yang optimal melalui penerapan jajar legowo pada tanaman kayu dan menyisipkan tanaman pertanian diantara barisan legowo tanaman kayu berpotensi untuk meningkatkan pendapatan jangka panjang (kayu) dan jangka pendek (produksi tanaman pertanian).
Manejo conservador de luxaciones glenohumerales anteriores en atención primaria. Revisión literaria
Authors: German-Toaquiza Katherin Marianela , Garay-Villamar Daniel Gustavo
Published: February 2024

Objetivo: Valorar la efectividad de nuevas técnicas como el método de reducción en las luxaciones glenohumerales anteriores. Método: Revisión de la literatura con enfoque descriptivo. Resultados y conclusiones: La revisión literaria establece que existe un nuevo método de reducción en las luxaciones glenohumerales anteriores: la técnica de Prakash. La técnica presenta una buena efectividad, rapidez y de uso fácil, sin que haya complicaciones a posterior. La técnica Prakash es uno de los métodos que se debe usar como principal, antes de emplear los comunes por su nivel de eficiencia. Sin embargo, es necesario hacer hincapié que se necesita de más investigaciones controladas, para que la implementación de dicho método sea validada.
SOMUNA Sociedad Mujer y Naturaleza: Entramado comunicacional desde las representaciones sociales que operan en las sujetas mujer-naturaleza en el Magdalena Medio Bolivarense, Colombia
Authors:   , Bohórquez Bello Carmen Lucía
Published: February 2024

En esta tesis doctoral se abordan las representaciones sociales que se dan sobre las mujeres y la naturaleza en el Magdalena Medio Bolivarense y en especial en la vereda La Arcadia del municipio de Morales, Colombia, región donde existen ecosistemas naturales que se han ido transformando bajo la concepción de progreso y desarrollo y donde los cuerpos con identidades femeninas se caracterizan convenientemente desde un modelo de sociedad patriarcal y extractivista. Son las mujeres de la vereda la Arcadia, y el proyecto distrito de riego, la experiencia desde la cual se realiza una lectura a las representaciones sociales, para relevar y desnaturalizar las tipologías presentes que denotan características impuestas. Propósito, que parte de la reflexión sobre el territorio y en él la naturaleza y las mujeres en su cotidianidad. Es un intento de poner cauces para que la palabra de la naturaleza no sea mandada al silencio por el capitalismo salvaje y para relevar el lugar que las mujeres han venido construyendo sobre sí mismas. Los entramados comunicacionales que se expresan como representación social, en adelante RS, desde un sistema patriarcal caracteriza a las mujeres y a la naturaleza, sus luchas sociales, económicas e identitarias y los espacios ganados que respaldan los derechos de estas dos sujetas, revelaron ocho RS; Las primera cuatro dan cuenta de enunciados que subordinan a los pobladores de la región y a la naturaleza y las cuatro últimas tejen el cauce que van construyendo para transformar e impulsar una nueva representación que los contiene, en especial se puso la mirada en las sujetas mujer-naturaleza.
A Juvenilização na EJA
Authors: Coimbra de Carvalho Carolina
Published: February 2024

A obra traz contribuição consistente para pesquisadores, gestores e edu cadores escolares interessados em apropriar-se de concepções em que se insere a EJA jovem no contexto maranhense. O leitor encontrará ainda a análise do perfil dos alunos jovens da rede municipal de educação do município de São Luís, possibilitando acesso ao conhecimento de aspectos relacionados ao fenômeno crescente da juvenilização da EJA.
The visual representation of the hologram: a comparative approach to its political and social uses
Authors: Ramírez Alvarado Luis Felipe , Ibanez Bueno Jacques
Published: February 2024

On April 28, 2017, Jean-Luc Mélenchon, a prominent French politician, pioneered a unique way of engaging with multiple groups. While he was in Dijon in person, he simultaneously connected with a Grenoble audience using a hologram. A central focus is the tangible bond between a politician and their listeners. This study starts by analyzing the semiotic cues in photos and videos on official and social platforms. Subsequently, there’s a deep dive into the reactions of Grenoble attendees to various forms of expression.
Each method is integral to the total experience. As suggested by Kress and Van Leeuwen (2001), meaning is molded socially via channels like discourse, production, design, intake, and the “textual” backdrop. In M.lenchon’s holographic instance, the scope for creative engagement and the idea of heightened modality is evident (highlighted by Andrieu: 2011). Holography offers:
• Voice-driven auditory engagement.
• Observation of physical actions, hand movements, and facial expressions.
• Recognition of visual elements such as clothing, colors, and proportions.
• A three-dimensional display, evoking a feeling of actual presence.
• Interaction with the spoken content, both pre-written and extemporaneous.
This is termed as hypermodal interaction. Designing a tailored hologram in line with the core research question effectively combined theoretical perspectives on holographic interaction. The goal wasn’t merely a visual portrayal of the research but to emphasize this visual method, especially in formulating a visual strategy (as put forth by Pink, 2006). This process captures both visuals and sounds for subsequent engagements with holograms. Furthermore, this research seeks to outline and present the aspects of an innovative, immersive, and visually centric research approach.
Dispositifs numériques: profils d’usage et modes de s’approprier un lieu
Authors: Martínez Agudelo Laura Sofía
Published: February 2024

Dans le cadre d’une recherche doctorale concernant l’analyse de parcours urbains par le biais de dispositifs num.riques, cette .tude porte sur un cas d’exp.rimentation en ligne. Ils’agit des exp.riences de visite de 13 personnes de diff.rentes nationalit.s en contexte de confinement. Les participant.es ont .t. invit..es . suivre un parcours en ligne afin de d.couvrir un lieu du patrimoine bisontin : le funiculaire de Bregille . Besan.on, France. La balade a .t. con.ue . partir d’un r.cit cartographique dans le logiciel ArcGIS Story Maps incluant des cartes interactives et du contenu multim.dia. La mise en place d’un protocole d’enregistrement sur OBS Studio a permis de solliciter les vid.os de navigation. Leur analyse a rendu possible l’identification des profils d’usage et des typologies de visite en tant que des r.sultats de l’exp.rience. Ces registres ont .t. exploit.s pour les buts de la recherche et pour la diffusion de la proposition.
Documentar a través de la mirada del visitante: una experiencia de aprendizaje-servicio en la ONG de Aldeas Infantiles SOS
Authors: Fanio-González Arianna , Iménez-Martínez Carlos , De la Torre-Cantero Jorge
Published: February 2024

Esta comunicación explora una práctica de aprendizaje-servicio (ApS) en educación superior en Diseño para abordar la necesidad de documentar y dar a conocer las iniciativas socioambientales de la ONG de Aldeas Infantiles SOS en Tenerife. A través de una visita de campo a las instalaciones de la ONG, un grupo de estudiantes universitarios conocen, sistematizan, proponen, comunican y reflejan las iniciativas en una pieza audiovisual. Así, el material generado busca ser un material didáctico recíproco entre entidades para dar a conocer buenas prácticas de ecodiseño en el territorio, siendo compartido para su evaluación y aplicación. Como resultado, la experiencia crea un espacio de aprendizaje colaborativo en el cual el alumnado tiene un protagonismo activo mientras brinda un servicio solidario y asimila conceptos curriculares.
Perancangan Buku Cerita Interaktif Mengenal Dan Mengelola Sampah Untuk Anak Golden Age
Authors: Febriyanti Sarah , Putra Bramanta Octa Danu
Published: February 2024

The waste problem in Indonesia has yet to find a significant solution. The utilisation of waste in usable goods can have an impact on the environment, and needs to be improved in providing appeals in the form of education to children aged from an early age, namely, at the age of 3-6 years which is a golden age child. In this case it is necessary to make an educational media about the initial introduction to waste as well as the 3 types of waste groups accompanied by how to manage waste with methods that are easy to understand in a simple visual form. Educational media in the form of interactive storybooks that are useful for building the character of children who care about waste by utilising their sensory and sensory functions. The research was conducted by means of observation, documentation and material study to find out directly the habits of the research target in disposing and managing waste. The fact is that many children and parents still do not care or do not know more about waste, its categories and how to manage it. Therefore, this interactive storybook is very necessary for the initial media of children's education by making parents as the intermediary media.
Hausa’s Ascent in Public Domains and the Fate of Kataf Cluster Languages
Authors: Ahmed Ibrahim
Published: February 2024

This study investigated language use in public domains among communities speaking Kataf cluster languages, focusing on the emerging trend of increased use of Hausa and the implications. Guided by theories on language endangerment and multilingualism, the quantitative research design was adopted to investigate the phenomenon. A sub-section of a structured questionnaire (complemented by open-ended interviews) was used as instrument(s) to generate the required data. The native speakers of the cluster’s member languages were the research population. In keeping with the scientific research procedure, purposive random sampling was used as the technique to select five hundred persons as the research informants, as it was not possible to reach all the persons that constituted the research population. The sample comprised fifty persons from each of the ten ethnolinguistic groups covered by the research (i.e. 50 persons x 10 groups = 500 informants). The desire to select more enlightened persons who could read in-between the lines, i.e. persons who knew the way language use practices should ideally be and understood how such practices appeared among the focused communities, was the rationale for employing the chosen sampling technique. Thus, the sample comprised educated males and females between the ages of 18 and 45 years, mostly civil servants (teachers, administrators, etc.) that possessed the Nigeria Certificate in Education (NCE) or equivalents as minimum educational qualification. Descriptive statistics in the form of frequency and percentage distributions were employed as the mode of data analysis. The data analyzed in tables (1) to (5) not only revealed a gradual decline in the use of Kataf cluster languages in public settings in favour of Hausa but also provided strong evidence for the endangerment of the affected languages, highlighting potential consequences for cultural identity, community cohesion, and wider linguistic diversity.
Movie as a Tool for Creation and Sustenance of Nigeria’s Positive Image: A Case Study of 93 Days
Authors: Femi ADEDINA,
Published: February 2024

Image matters whether it concerns a nation or an individual. The image of the Nigerian and the Nigerian nation in the media, both national and international, leaves so much to be desired. Daily, we are bombarded with negative stereotypes and images in the media: of Nigerian armed robbers in Dubai; Yahoo Yahoo and Yahoo plus experiments and; credit card fraudsters in the UK and other European nations. These images do not help in projecting the real potential and the endowments of the nation both in human terms and natural resources. This paper investigates the genuine practise and patterns of Nigerian workers, especially as it is represented in the Nollywood film "93 Days" which is a film that shows Nigeria in a positive light over an incident that was well handled by the Government. This, however, is one of the rare films that showed Nigeria in good light. There are many in Nollywood and even Hollywood that show the country in negative image such as District 9 and Shanty Town. This paper examines how films could be used as tools in creating and sustaining positive images for Nigeria and the Nigerian nation. It will also explore how, through the use of themes and characterisation, films can be used to create positive images for the nation. It will then suggest steps that could be taken to increase the number of Nollywood films that could help in rebranding the nation's image positively. Negative representation in Nollywood harms the country's reputation because there is no telling how far the films go. The theoretical framework for this paper is Jean-Louis Baudry's Apparatus theory. The theory avers that cinema (film) is ideological; its mechanics of representation are ideological because films are created to represent reality. It also adopts a literary method of analysis to answer the question posed on the reality of the effectiveness of the Nigerian sectors. From the analysis, the aplomb nature of the Nigerian health workers is revealed. In a period that is evidently challenging for everybody, especially health workers, outdid themselves and protected the people.
A Phonological Analysis of Nouns Borrowed by Fulfulde from Hausa
Authors: Grema Musa
Published: February 2024

This study is an aspect of the phonological analysis of words borrowed by Fulfulde from Hausa. The main objective of this research is: to identify the phonological features of words borrowed from Hausa; This study employs a qualitative research method, the research respondents are selected from the students of Fulfulde Department, Federal College of Education, Yola. The analysis reveals that Fulfulde employs strategies in adopting Hausa loanwords: vowel lengthening, consonant and vowel deletion, and insertion. The study finds that: Hausa /z/ changes to [ʤ] and /ʃ/ to [s] following the absence of the corresponding Hausa sounds in the consonant inventory of the Fulfulde dialects under investigation. Similarly, because oral stops are prenasalised in Fulfulde, sounds such as /b/, /d/ and /ɡ/ become [mb], [nd], and [ɳɡ] respectively. The findings of the research have implications for the expansion and growth of the language as the research discusses phonological modifications which loanwords undergo to help the language develop its vocabulary.
Towards Creating Effective Strategies for Communicating with Victims of Trauma in Nigeria
Authors: T. Hassan, J. , A. Ibrahim, Z. , A Abdulmumini, , V. Amos,
Published: February 2024

The rising incidence of trauma cases in Nigeria poses a significant challenge to the well-being of individuals and communities, necessitating effective communication strategies for supporting victims. This exploratory study, grounded in Social Cognitive Theory, explores the multifaceted landscape of trauma communication within the Nigerian context. Utilizing a qualitative approach, the study relied on recent research and empirical studies to address key issues on the subject. The article focuses on the importance of understanding cultural nuances and tailoring communication strategies to diverse backgrounds. Building on three key research questions with a focus on methods of communicating with trauma victims, barriers to communicating with them and strategies tailored towards meeting the cultural needs of trauma victims, the study discusses the implications of its findings, highlighting potential avenues for further research. The conclusion underscores the importance of a multi-faceted and culturally sensitive approach to trauma communication in Nigeria. The recommendations provide actionable insights for stakeholders, including de-stigmatization campaigns, community-based mental health programmes, cultural competence training, and the integration of technology. These recommendations aim to guide policymakers, mental health professionals, the media and community leaders in developing effective and culturally informed communication strategies for trauma victims in Nigeria to manage the rising situation. Keywords: Communication, Trauma, Barriers, Victims, Nigeria.
The Metaphor Of The Muse And Minstrel: A Psychoanalytic Investigation Of Tanure Ojaide’s The Beauty I Have Seen
Authors: O.I. Ugochukwu , A. Agada, A.
Published: February 2024

This paper critically examines the metaphor of the minstrel and the muse using selected verses from Tanure Ojaides’s The Beauty I Have Seen. The unravelling of this metaphor opens up the poetry as nothing short of a beautiful interplay between the minstrel and the muse. There is perhaps no other literary work in the history of modern Nigerian poetry tradition where the relationship between the minstrel and muse has been so profoundly explored. The poetics so espoused in the poetry permeates the subconscious of the reader who is almost transformed into the minstrel who must obey the dictates of the muse if good art must be produced. This is why the use of the theory of Psychoanalysis is central to the work. The metaphor of the minstrel and the muse does not just dawn on the reader at first read. It is reinforced in virtually every verse in the first part of the trilogy. The minstrel is the poet whose excellence in art depends on his compliance and communion with a certain divine inspiration, or muse. Key findings of the work are hinged on the fact that the metaphor of the minstrel and muse should be appreciated by an artist all the time. Also, a young artist must be sensitive to the dictates of the muse if he must produce art that is compelling and sublime.
Investigating Applied Linguistic Implications of Hausa as an L1 in PSCs: A Case Study of Four Selected Primary Schools in Kano Municipal Local Government Area
Authors: U. Umar, A. , A. Bashir, , U. Muhammad, A. , A. Hammi, U.
Published: February 2024

The Hausa language is not only a tool for communication but also a medium for creative writing, rhetorical expressions and language art mastery by schooled children. This research aims to investigate primary pupils’ competence in the Integrated Language Core (ILC). The ILC helps pupils to develop sound communicative skills if seriously handled. In addition, the research in question is to investigate a more comprehensive language art usage and a more complex grammatical structure regarding children's language development in the classroom with Hausa as their first language (L1). Being an “action research”, the methodology used in this study involved field research whereby four selected primary schools – as our case study – were visited; also, participants’ observation and questionnaires were administered to have a fact-finding report of Hausa-teaching-learning inadequacy. Using qual-quan analysis, the result of the study discovered certain problems that hinder children’s ability to the appropriate language development. It is also reported that the poor conditions of both teachers and pupils coupled with the poor facilities encountered and at the same time lack of interest towards the subject as a whole are the factors responsible for the setback in both teaching and learning of Hausa language. It is worth noting that the rationale behind conducting this research work is to recommend ways of ameliorating or improving the teaching and learning of the Hausa language especially in primary school classes (PSCs) as an L1.
A Metafunctional Analysis of Barack Obama’s Second Term Inaugural Address
Authors: Sadiq Aminu , Modu Muhammad Mallam
Published: February 2024

This study presents a Metafunctional Analysis of Barack Obama’s second-term inaugural address. M.A.K Halliday’s Metafunction is used as a theoretical framework for the analysis in this study with the task of providing a better understanding of the speech. The data (Barack Obama’s written speech) is obtained from the internet. The speech is presented as data. Halliday’s cohesive devices (reference, ellipsis, conjunction, repetition) as well as mood and residue are identified and analysed using tables. It is found that additive conjunction is the most frequently used cohesive device. In terms of mood and residue, all the sentences in speech are declarative. The declarative mood helps the speaker to express his point of view and send his message. It also shortens the distance between the speaker and the listener/reader. It is concluded that Halliday’s Metafunctions help the reader to understand the intention and the message the speech is trying to pass across.
Kura Ga Tsoro Ga Ban Tsoro: Yunƙurin Taskace Gudunmuwar Kura Cikin Bahaushen Adabi
Authors: Bunza Aliyu Muhammadu
Published: February 2024

Adabin baka wani babban kundin tarihi ne, da kowane irin tarihi sai ya dafi kafaɗarsa za a ga zatin tsawonsa. Tunanin wannan ɗan bincike, taskace gudunmuwar dabbobin ƙasar Hausa ga haɓaka Bahaushen Adabi. Binciken ya zaɓi kura a matsayin karan gwajin dahi. An tattaro kayan aikin bincike guda tamanin da uku (83) da aka samo cikin kundayen bincike, wallafaffun ayyuka, hira, da tattaunawa, da rangadi, ta ga-ni-ga-ka, da ta waya, da hanyoyin sadarwa na WASAP da TES, da Yanar Gizo. Bayan tsettsefe bayanai aka ɗora takardar a kan fasula (20) da suka haɗa da gabatarwa da naɗewa. An tsara kayan aikin da aka tattaro cikin rukuni tara (9). Rukunin nahawu an samu misalai (6), karin magana (20), tatsuniya (1), wasan yara (1), tarihi da tarihihi (6) labaran gargjaiya (3), an kuma gayyato mawaƙan baka (8) da aka sarrafa ɗiyan waƙoƙinsu (14). An tattaro sassan magungunan gargjaiya (4), da dabarun tsaro na gargjaiya (4), duk masu alaƙa da gudunmuwar kura a adabinmu. An gwada tsawon kura da dabbobi (18) na gida da daji a falsafar adabin bakan Bahaushe. Waɗannan kayan aiki (83) su suka ba mu damar yanke hukuncin cewa, lallai adabin baka ƙololuwar falsafar al’umma ce, da sai da shi, za a iya fahintarsu, da ƙyallaro tunnaninsu. Binciken ya tabbatar da; daga cikin dabbobin ƙasar Hausa, babu wadda tasirin ta ya yi zara cikin Bahaushen Adabi kamar kura. Ɗabi’un kura munana sun rinjayi kyawawansu a duniyar adabin Bahaushe. A ƙarshe, binciken ya zartar da hukuncin naɗa wa kura rawanin sarautar TAURARUWAR BAHAUSHEN ADABI. Ta tabbata matsoraciya ce, amma ban tsoronta ya fi tsoronta yawa. Tunanin Bahaushe a kan hanya yake: “Kura ga tsoro ga ban tsoro”.
Nazarin Kurman Ɗa a Waƙar “Zuma” Ta Aminu Ladan Abubakar (ALA)
Authors: Yakasai Murtala Garba
Published: February 2024

Takardar ta yi nazarin waƙar baka ta ALA inda aka bibiyi amfani da ‘Kurman Ɗa’ wanda shi ne ya mamaye waƙar ‘zuma’ ta mawaƙin. An fahimci yadda ya yi amfani da hikima da azanci domin isar da saƙonsa ga masu nazari. ALA ya yi ta faman dibilwa ta amfani da harshen Hausa, wadda sai da manazarta suka ci kwakwa kafin fahimtar saƙon mawaƙin a cikin sauƙi. Dalilin wannan nazari domin masu sauraron waƙa da manazarta sun gaza yin caraf! Domin fahimtar saƙon da ke cikinta, sakamakon haka sai aka nazarce ta, aka fahimce ta, aka kuma tattauna da mawaƙin, sannan aka yi fashin baƙinta, domin fahimtar da ɗimbin masu gurguwar fahimta game da waƙar. Tunanin rubuta wannan takarada bai wuce fitar da jaki daga duma ba, domin salon sarƙaƙiyar da saƙon waƙar yake da shi. An saurari wannan waƙa ne a cikin faifan memory, sai aka rubuce ta tsaf domin yin wannan nazarin. Manufar wannan takarda ita ce fahimtar yadda mawaƙin ya nuna ƙwarewa ta amfani da harshe, domin kuwa takardar ta binciko yadda manazarta da dama suka wasa ƙwaƙwalensu domin gano haƙiƙanin saƙon da waƙar take ƙunshe da shi, sakamakon yadda saƙon ya dinga zuwa a dunƙule kuma cikin salon tambaya tare da salon waskiya daga mawaƙin, har dai daga bisani a ka fahimci bakin ƙullin zaren ta yadda mawaƙin ya yi amfani da salo irin na ɗaurin ɓoye.
Kwatanci Tsakanin Korewa a Jumlolin Hausa da Fulatanci: Tsokaci Daga Jumla Maras Aikaitau
Authors: Sanusi Hariratu
Published: February 2024

Hausa da Fulatanci harsuna ne mabambanta ta fuskar tarihin tushensu da kuma nahawu. Duk da haka, ba a rasa wuraren da suka yi kama da juna ta fuskar jumlolinsu ba. Manufar wannan muƙala ita ce ƙoƙarin kwatanta korewa a jumloli marasa aikatau na Hausa da na Fulatanci domin a fito da kamancinsu da kuma bambancinsu ta fuskar gininsu. Hakan zai samu ne ta yin la’akari da ire-iren waɗannan jumloli a harsunan Hausa da Fulatanci. An yi amfani da hanyar hira daga wasu rukunin Hausawa da Fulani tare da nazartar littattafan nahawu na harsunan guda biyu wajen tattara bayanai a wannan bincike. Sannan mai gudanar binciken ta yi amfani da kasancewarta mai jin Fulatanci kuma manazarciyar harshen Hausa wajen ƙalailaice bayanan da ta samu waɗanda suka kai ga samar da sakamakon wannan bincike. Haka kuma, an ɗaura aikin a kan ra’in ɗoriya na Haliday. A wannan muƙala, an kwatanta ire-iren jumloli waɗanda suka haɗa da jumla ganau da jumla ƙaddamau da kuma jumla rayau. An gano cewa akwai kamanci musamman ta fuskar adadin kalmomin korewa da kuma yadda ake sarrafa su a jumloli marasa aikatau na Hausa da na Fulatanci. Bugu da ƙari, an gano bambanci a tsakanin jumla korau ta fuskar kalmomin da suke yin tarayya da ɓurɓushin korewa wajen isar da saƙo.
Nazarin Wasu Waibuwar Masunta
Authors: Shehu Dr. Musa
Published: February 2024

Fishing has long been a revered traditional occupation within Hausa society, dating back to ancient times. This paper, titled "The Fishermen's Magic and Wonders," aims to analyze the magical and extraordinary practices exhibited by fishermen in Hausa society during traditional ceremonies, special occasions, or in times of dire predicament. Given the inherent risks and dangers associated with fishing, fishermen have historically sought precautions and protections against the hazards they encounter in rivers. This necessity has rendered them deeply knowledgeable and vigilant in all activities related to water. Additionally, they offer specialized treatments or remedies to individuals afflicted by waterborne diseases or injuries sustained from encounters with dangerous aquatic animals.
Nazarin Tsarin Sauti a Wasu Zaurance Na Hausa
Authors: Abdullahi Muhammad Sulaiman
Published: February 2024

Zaurance yana ɗaya daga cikin azancin da harshen Hausa ya yi fice da su wanda matasa musamman mata suke amfani da shi wajen sakaya zance ta hanyar sauya masa wasu fitattun kamannin da aka san shi da su a harshe. Hikima ce daɗaɗɗiya a adabin al’ummar Hausawa wadda matasa suke amfani da ita a harshen Hausa domin isar da saƙwanninsu ba tare da wata matsala ba. Azanci da hikimar zaurance suna da alaƙa da ilimin tasarifi da kuma ilimin tsarin sautin Hausa. Wannan takarda ta yi ƙoƙarin bibiyar zaurance a al’adar Hausawa da kuma alaƙarsa da ilimin tsarin sautin Hausa. Takardar ta bayyana cewa lallai zaurance wata hikima ce ta harshe wadda harshen Hausa ya yi fice da ita. Kasacewar zaurance ya shafi adabin baka na Hausa kai tsaye, amma takardar ta fito da wasu muhimman lamuran tsarin sauti, kamar saɓa ƙa’idar tabbatattun gaɓoɓin kalmomin Hausa ta hanyar wasu ‘yan ƙare-ƙare da ake yi a kan gaɓoɓin a yayin samar da shi. Haka kuma, akwai alamar ƙara saurin magana, wadda takan taimaka wajen cikarsa.
Nazarin Kalmomin Ta’addanci a Cikin Wasu Waƙoƙin Baka
Authors: Fada Isah Sarkin
Published: February 2024

Samar da tsaro shi ne babban lamarin da al’umar Zamfara suke buƙata a yau. Rashin tsaro ya dami kowa da kowa, babu yaro babu babba, ya game birane da ƙauyuka. Saboda haka, a wannan maƙala mai taken ‘Nazarin Kalmomin Ta’addanci a Wasu Waƙoƙin Baka,’ an yi ƙoƙarin fitowa da kalmomin ta’addanci da mawaƙa ke amfani da su a yayin rera waƙoƙinsu. Manufa a nan ita ce, fitowa da muhimmiyar rawa da waɗannan kalmomi ke takawa wajen bunƙasa harshen Hausa, ta hanyar nuna gwaninta da ƙwarewa da kuma iya sarrafa harshen Hausa da mawaƙa da su. Dubarun da aka yi amfani da su wajen gudanar da wannan bincike shi ne, kawo baitocin waƙa daga waƙoƙi daban-daban da kaurara kalma mai nuni da ta’addanci da bayanin yanayin ƙirarta da kawo ajin kalmar da kuma sharhi a kan muhallin da kalmar ta fi dacewa ta zo a tsarin jumla. Ra’in da aka yi amfani da shi wajen gudanar da wannan maƙala shi ne, ra’in dangantakar harshe da rikici (Language of Violence) na Smith, Alison G. da wasu (2008). Bugu da ƙari, binciken ya fito da sakamako da suka haɗa da; tabbatar da rukunin kalmomin ta’adanci a harshen Hausa da kuma rawar da suke takawa a ɓagaren ilmin walwalar harshe.
Bitar Rabe-Raben Waƙoƙin Hausa: Laluben Matsayin Waƙoƙin Ƙarni Na Ashirin Da Ɗaya a Fagen Nazari
Authors: Bashir Rabiu
Published: February 2024

Waƙa na ɗaukar kaso mai tsoka daga cikin adabin Hausa, wadda kusan babu wani rukuni ko fagen adabi da ba ta ratsawa walau na baka ne ko rubutacce. Waƙa Hanya ce ta isar da saƙo cikin hikima da azanci gami da sarrafa harshe cikin rauji. Masana sun tabbatar da cewa kafin Bahaushe ya mu’amalanci Larabawa ya koyi rubutu da karatu yana aiwatar da waƙarsa ne da baki ya adana abarsa a ka. Daga bisani ya fara rubuta ta ta hanyar amfani da ƙa’idoji da tsari irin na waƙoƙin Larabawa kasancewar daga gare su ya fara samun iliminta. Samuwar ilimi a wurin Bahaushe (musamman na rubutu) tare da cuɗanya da adabin Larabci ya haifar masa da samuwar rubutacciyar waƙa, wanda kafin wannan lokacin ba shi da ita. Daga nan ne aka iya samun nau’o’in waƙa iri biyu, watau ta baka da rubutacciya ko kuma waƙa 1 da waƙa 11 kamar yadda Muhammad (1973 da 1981) ya kira su, kuma kowace tana da tsarinta da kuma sigoginta. Bayan lokaci mai tsawo a farko farkon wannan ƙarni da muke ciki (Ƙarni na ashirin da ɗaya), Hausawa sun sami ɓullowar wata nau’in waƙa wadda ita ba za a kira ta kai tsaye da ta baka ba, haka kuma ba za a kira ta rubutacciya ba, domin kuwa ta sha bamban da dukka guda biyun ta fuskar aiwatar da ita da tsarinta da kayan kiɗanta da kuma hanyar adana ta. Wannan maƙala ta yi ƙoƙrin bibiyar wannan nau’in waƙa ne tare da duba yadda masana suka ɗauke ta da ƙoƙarin gano matsayinta a wurin ɗalibai da manazarta da kuma kallon ta a matsayin wani kaso na waƙa mai cin gashin kanta. Maƙalar ta tattara bayanan da ta yi amfani da su ne ta hanyar tattaunawa da masana a wannan fage tare da ƙwararru waɗanda su ke aiwatar da ita wannan nau’in waƙar. Haka kuma ta bibiyi yadda masana suka ƙwanƙwance kowace nau’in waƙa tare da kallon abubuwan da suka bambanta nau’o’in waƙoƙin, tare da kallon matsayin da suka ba ita wannan waƙa. A ƙarshe maƙalar tana ganin akwai buƙatar masana da manazarta su sake duba wannan nau’i na waƙa (waƙar ƙarni na ashirin da ɗaya), sannan su kalle ta a matsayin wani kaso mai zaman kansa daga cikin rabe- raben waƙa (waƙa III), domin kuwa tana da wasu sigogi nata waɗanda suka bambanta ta da sauran nau’o’in waƙa guda biyu da ake da su (Waƙar baka ‘waƙa I’ da Rubutacciyar waƙa ‘Waƙa II’).
تفاعلية صيغ الأمر بين حقولها الدلاليَّة وأغراضها البلاغيَّة في كتاب؛ "روائع الحكم في بدائع الكلم" لعمر محمد الأول الإمام (دراسة لغويَّة تطبيقيَّة)
Authors: Jibrin Adam Ishaka
Published: February 2024

Abstract: The formulas and pairs within structures are simplified and engage with semantic fields at a higher level, enabling the image to perceive and comprehend the rooted structure to derive meaning. Content is shaped by the arrangement of sentence words, interconnecting their meanings proportionally through scrutiny, proof, analysis, and reasoning. Each component contributes to the composition's origin, structure, and wisdom, employing morphology and depiction. As sentences manifest speech and represent psychological images of natural composition, letters, with their sounds, movements, and placements, hold moral significance. This research aims to delve into a specific book, "Masterpieces of Wisdom in Marvelous Expressions" by Dr. Umar Muhammad Lawal Al-Imam, uncovering elements impossible to discern solely from its composition, thereby justifying imperative forms according to the word. It explores various purposes of speech and aspects of expressions within clear discourse, distinguishing them by structure and meaning as they synergize. The significance of this study lies in its ability to independently establish analogies and standards for employing imperative verbs, elucidating their meanings within the context of the analyzed book. By revealing multiple patterns of relationships, it enhances the recipient's understanding of text rulings through organized word structures.