bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mechanically Recoverable and Highly Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells: Investigation of Intrinsic Flexibility of Organic–Inorganic Perovskite
Authors: Park Minwoo , Kim Hae Jin , Jeong Inyoung , Lee Jinwoo , Lee Hyungsuk , Son Hae Jung , Kim Dae‐Eun , Ko Min Jae
Published: September 2015

Highly efficient solar cells with sustainable performance under severe mechanical deformations are in great demand for future wearable power supply devices. In this regard, numerous studies have progressed to implement flexible architecture to high‐performance devices such as perovskite solar cells. However, the absence of suitable flexible and stretchable materials has been a great obstacle in the replacement of largely utilized transparent conducting oxides that are limited in flexibility. Here, a shape recoverable polymer, Noland Optical Adhesive 63, is utilized as a substrate of perovskite solar cell to enable complete shape recovery of the device upon sub‐millimeter bending radii. The employment of stretchable electrodes prevents mechanical damage of the perovskite layer. Before and after bending at a radius of 1 mm, power conversion efficiency (PCE) is measured to be 10.75% and 10.4%, respectively. Additionally, the shape recoverable device demonstrates a PCE of 6.07% after crumpling. The mechanical properties of all the layers are characterized by nanoindentation. Finite element analysis reveals that the outstanding flexibility of the perovskite layer enables small plastic strain distribution on the deformed device. These results clearly demonstrated that this device has great potential to be utilized in stretchable power supply applications.
Antifouling ultrafiltration membrane fabricated from poly (arylene ether ketone) bearing hydrophilic hydroxyl groups
Authors: Zhu Jianhua , Zheng Jifu , Zhang Qifeng , Zhang Suobo
Published: September 2015

A new kind of membrane formation polymer, cardo poly(arylene ether ketone) bearing hydrophilic hydroxyl groups (PEK‐OH) was synthesized from the biphenol monomer 2‐(2‐hydroxyethyl)‐3, 3‐bis (4‐hydroxyphenyl)‐isoindolin‐1‐one (PPH‐OH), and 4, 4′‐difluorodiphenylketone. PEK‐OH asymmetric ultrafiltration membranes were prepared using the immersion coagulation phase inversion method. The PEK‐OH membrane prepared using the optimized conditions exhibited a pure water flux of 516 ± 18 L·m−2·h−1 and a 99.1 ± 1.4% rejection of bovine serum albumin (BSA) at an operating pressure of 0.1 MPa. The contact angle of PEK‐OH membrane was 66.0 ± 2.4 lower than these of the PEK‐C membrane (87.0 ± 2.8°, prepared from polymer PEK‐C under the same membrane formation condition as PEK‐OH membrane) and the UE50 membrane (84.0 ± 1.6°, a commercial PES ultrafiltration membrane). The amount of BSA protein adsorbed to the PEK‐OH membrane under static condition was measured to be 3.12 μg·cm−2, which was greatly lower than that of 88.71 μg·cm−2 and 74.40 μg·cm−2 for the PEK‐C and the UE50 ultrafiltration membranes, respectively. Under dynamic filtration of BSA experiments, the PEK‐OH ultrafiltration membrane showed a 78.3% water flux recovery ratio, while only a 39.7% for the PEK‐C membrane and 46.5% for UE50 membrane were detected in the first cycle. After three cycles of BSA and LYZ filtration, the flux recovery ratio of PEK‐OH ultrafiltration membrane changed to be stable at 75% and 73%, while that of PEK‐C and UE50 ultrafiltration membranes remained declining gradually. Thus, hydrophilic PEK‐OH improves antifouling membrane property. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 132, 42809.
Modeling and simulation of fiber‐reinforced polymer mold‐filling with phase change
Authors: Wang Fang , Li Junlin , Yang Binxin
Published: September 2015

A gas‐solid‐liquid three‐phase model for the simulation of fiber‐reinforced composites mold‐filling with phase change is established. The influence of fluid flow on the fibers is described by Newton's law of motion, and the influence of fibers on fluid flow is described by the momentum exchange source term in the model. A revised enthalpy method that can be used for both the melt and air in the mold cavity is proposed to describe the phase change during the mold‐filling. The finite‐volume method on a non‐staggered grid coupled with a level set method for viscoelastic‐Newtonian fluid flow is used to solve the model. The “frozen skin” layers are simulated successfully. Information regarding the fiber transformation and orientation is obtained in the mold‐filling process. The results show that fibers in the cavity are divided into five layers during the mold‐filling process, which is in accordance with experimental studies. Fibers have disturbance on these physical quantities, and the disturbance increases as the slenderness ratio increases. During mold‐filling process with two injection inlets, fiber orientation around the weld line area is in accordance with the experimental results. At the same time, single fiber's trajectory in the cavity, and physical quantities such as velocity, pressure, temperature, and stresses distributions in the cavity at end of mold‐filling process are also obtained. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 42881.
The physical perspective on the solid and molten states associated with the mechanical properties of eco‐friendly HDPE/Pinus taeda wood‐plastic composites
Authors: Grison Karine , Pistor Vinicius , Scienza Lisete Cristine , Zattera Ademir José
Published: September 2015

The manufacture of wood plastic composites (WPCs) by reutilizing post‐consumed polymeric materials and post‐industry wood wastes contributes to reduce the environmental impact and the consumption of virgin plastics. In this work, the influence of interfacial adhesion on the solid and molten states of high density polyethylene (HDPE) containing WPCs wood dust of recycled Pinus taeda (PT) was evaluated. The composites were prepared by extrusion in a twin screw extruder using maleic anhydride as compatibilizer. The samples were analyzed by dynamic‐mechanical analysis (DMA), tensile and impact strength measurements, oscillatory rheometry, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). DMA analysis showed increase in module and an improved interface with physical interaction between the WPCs phases. The higher molecular interactivity interface improved the mechanical properties relative to pure HDPE. Melting state analysis showed increased WPCs flow restriction, this feature being correlated with reduction in the molecular degree of freedom during flow, which consequently reduces the crystalline degree changes in microstructure as well as in processing parameters of the material. These results lead to consider the development of an eco‐friendly and economic effective technology to reuse abundant recycled solid wastes in a new market. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 42887.
Complex aggregates formed with a hyperbranched polyglycerol derivative for drug delivery
Authors: Zheng Qianqian , Zhou Xiaoyan , Li Hui , Ma Dong , Xue Wei
Published: September 2015

An amphiphilic hyperbranched polyglycerol derivative (HPG‐C18) was synthesized by the anionic ring‐opening copolymerization with glycidol and 1,2‐epoxyloctadecane as the monomers. This hyperbranched polymer formed large complex aggregates as confirmed by dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy tests. Because of its amphiphilic properties, HPG‐C18 was explored to load hydrophobic docetaxel, a clinical antitumor drug, and deliver it into breast cancer cell line (MCF‐7) cells. To investigate the application of the aggregates in drug delivery, blood compatibility was studied by hemolysis analysis, red blood cell observation, and thromboelastography assay. These results indicate that HPG‐C18 inhibited MCF‐7 proliferation effectively with good blood compatibility, and this suggested a potential application in tumor therapy. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 42895.
Thermal decomposition of diethyl ketone triperoxide in methyl methacrylate: Theoretical and experimental study of the initial solvation state and its influence on the polymerization process
Authors: Delgado Rodríguez Karla , Enríquez‐Medrano Francisco J. , Grande Daniel , Barreto Gastón P. , Cañizo Adriana , Eyler Nora , Merino Gabriel , Morales Graciela
Published: September 2015

The decomposition rate constant (kd) of diethyl ketone triperoxide (DEKTP, 3,3,6,6,9,9‐hexaethyl‐1,2,4,5,7,8‐hexaoxacyclononane) in methyl methacrylate (MMA) was determined by the kinetic study of its thermal decomposition at temperatures from 110 to 140°C. The calculated kd for DEKTP in MMA was 2.4 times lower (at 130°C) compared with that previously determined and reported in styrene (St). Density functional theory (DFT) calculations demonstrated that the decomposition of DEKTP molecule in MMA required higher interaction energy than in St, thus explaining its lower kd value. Bulk polymerization kinetics of MMA using DEKTP as the initiator revealed the presence of an induction period, in contrast with St polymerization, providing clear evidence of the solvation state influence at early polymerization stages. This work provides mechanistic insights into the interactions among the multi‐functional cyclic peroxide DEKTP and vinyl monomers; St and MMA, and their influence on the polymerization kinetics. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 42905.
Chemical surface coating of MWCNTs with riboflavin and its application for the production of poly(ester‐imide)/MWCNTs composites containing 4,4′‐thiobis(2‐tert‐butyl‐5‐methylphenol) linkages: Thermal and morphological properties
Authors: Mallakpour Shadpour , Soltanian Samaneh
Published: September 2015

In this work, carboxylated multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were functionalized with riboflavin as a biological molecule under microwave irradiation. Solution blending method was used to incorporate different modified MWCNTs content (5, 10, and 15 wt %) into a chiral and biodegradable poly(ester‐imide) (PEI) to fabricate PEI‐based nanocomposites. The products were characterized for assessing the spectroscopic, thermal, and morphological properties by Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X‐ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and field‐emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). Optically active PEI was prepared by step‐growth polymerization of amino‐acid‐based diacid and aromatic diol. Functionalized MWCNTs were well dispersed in the PEI matrix and their distribution was homogeneous. This was confirmed by morphology study of the fractured surfaces of nanocomposites by FESEM and TEM. The addition of functionalized MWCNTs improved the thermal stability of NCs compared to the pure PEI. It was found from TGA data that temperature at 10% weight loss was increased from 409°C for pure PEI to 417, 420, and 424°C for nanocomposites containing 5, 10, and 15% functionalized MWCNTs, respectively. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 42908.
Polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes nanoreinforced methacrylate/epoxy hybrids
Authors: Lungu Adriana , Florea Nicoleta Mihaela , Manea Mihaela , Vasile Eugeniu , Iovu Horia
Published: September 2015

The aim of this study was to design novel binary and ternary copolymers based on methacrylate and/or epoxy monomers reinforced with 10 wt % mono‐/octafunctional polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS) compounds bearing one or eight epoxy or methacrylate moieties. The experimental parameters such as temperature and time of reaction, comonomer ratio and the incorporation of various types of POSS that strongly influences the curing behavior, polymerization kinetics, glass transition temperature (Tg), thermostability and morphological structure of the obtained copolymers were investigated through DSC, FTIR, DMA, TGA, and SEM techniques. The obtained results evidenced that the complex kinetic mechanisms of curing reactions for the binary and ternary copolymers ± POSS influence the thermomechanical and morphological properties of the materials. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 42912.
Rheological properties of poly(lactic acid) based nanocomposites: Effects of different organoclay modifiers and compatibilizers
Authors: Acik Eda , Orbey Nese , Yilmazer Ulku
Published: September 2015

Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) nanocomposites containing five types of organically modified, layered silicates and two elastomeric compatibilizers, namely ethylene‐glycidyl methacrylate (E‐GMA) and ethylene‐butyl acrylate‐maleic anhydride (E‐BA‐MAH), were prepared using a twin screw extruder. The morphologies of the nanocomposites were determined by X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and the rheological properties of the melts were measured using small‐amplitude oscillatory shear. XRD revealed that the addition of E‐GMA to the binary nanocomposites resulted in higher compatibility between the organoclay nanoplatelets and the polymer matrix. TEM showed that all of the nanocomposites contained mixed dispersed structures, involving tactoids of various sizes, as well as intercalated and exfoliated organoclay layers. Rheological properties were found to be affected by the differences in the compatibility between the organoclays and the polymer matrix, and by the addition of the compatibilizer. Organoclay types that resulted in high level of dispersion exhibited higher values of complex viscosity compared to that of neat PLA. The addition of E‐GMA introduced a solid‐like rheological behavior at low frequencies. All of the nanocomposites had similar rheological behavior at high frequencies. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 42915.
The Effect of Dofetilide on the Heart Rate of GD11 and GD13 Rat Embryos, in vivo, Using Ultrasound
Authors: Ritchie Helen , Oakes Diana , Hung Tzong‐tyng , Hegedus Elizabeth , Sood Shreya , Webster William
Published: September 2015

BACKGROUND

There are a wide range of drugs including antidepressants, anticonvulsants and antipsychotics that cause embryonic bradycardia in vitro but it is unknown if they have a similar effect in vivo. One way to verify whether these in vitro findings are replicated in vivo is by the use of ultrasound examination of dosed pregnant rats. We tested this by examining the effect of dofetilide on embryonic heart rate (HR) in vivo using ultrasound.

METHODS

Rats were dosed with dofetilide (4 or 2.5 mg/kg) on GD11 or (5 or 2.5 mg/kg) on GD13 and embryonic HR assessed by ultrasound, 2 and 24 hr later. Fetuses were examined for malformations on GD20.

RESULTS

HR of control rat embryos showed a wide range at each gestational day. Dosing with dofetilide on GD11 caused severe bradycardia (∼60% reduction) 2 hours after dosing with recovery after 24 h of >60% of LD but death and slow HR among the HD embryos. At term, 32% of the LD surviving fetuses had hypoplastic upper lip while >90% of HD embryos had died. On GD13, embryonic HR was reduced in a dose‐dependent manner with >85% of LD and HD recovered by 24 hr. At term, all LD fetuses were normal while 29% of HD fetuses had limb defects.

CONCLUSIONS

Ultrasound is a useful technique to investigate the effect of maternally administered drugs on the embryonic HR in the rat. The results may provide more information about the safety of these drugs in pregnancy leading to better risk assessment for the human
Incorporating unnatural amino acids to engineer biocatalysts for industrial bioprocess applications
Authors: Ravikumar Yuvaraj , Nadarajan Saravanan Prabhu , Hyeon Yoo Tae , Lee Chong‐Soon , Yun Hyungdon
Published: September 2015

The bioprocess engineering with biocatalysts broadly spans its development and actual application of enzymes in an industrial context. Recently, both the use of bioprocess engineering and the development and employment of enzyme engineering techniques have been increasing rapidly. Importantly, engineering techniques that incorporate unnatural amino acids (UAAs) in vivo has begun to produce enzymes with greater stability and altered catalytic properties. Despite the growth of this technique, its potential value in bioprocess applications remains to be fully exploited. In this review, we explore the methodologies involved in UAA incorporation as well as ways to synthesize these UAAs. In addition, we summarize recent efforts to increase the yield of UAA engineered proteins in Escherichia coli and also the application of this tool in enzyme engineering. Furthermore, this protein engineering tool based on the incorporation of UAA can be used to develop immobilized enzymes that are ideal for bioprocess applications. Considering the potential of this tool and by exploiting these engineered enzymes, we expect the field of bioprocess engineering to open up new opportunities for biocatalysis in the near future.
Interactions between chensinin‐1, a natural antimicrobial peptide derived from Rana chensinensis, and lipopolysaccharide
Authors: Dong Weibing , Sun Yue , Shang Dejing
Published: September 2015

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of sepsis caused by gram‐negative bacterial infections. Therefore, LPS‐neutralizing molecules would have important clinical applications. Chensinin‐1, a novel antimicrobial peptide with atypical structural features, was found in the skin secretions of the Chinese brown frog Rana chensinensis. To understand the role of LPS in the bacterial susceptibility to chensinin‐1 and to investigate its anti‐endotoxin effects, the interactions of chensinin‐1 with LPS were investigated in this study using circular dichroism, in situ IR, isothermal titration calorimetry, and zeta potential. This study is the first to use in situ IR spectroscopy to evaluate the secondary structural changes of this peptide. The capacity of chensinin‐1 to block the LPS‐dependent cytokine secretion of macrophages was also investigated. Our results show that chensinin‐1 can form α‐helical structures in LPS suspensions. LPS can affect the antimicrobial activity of chensinin‐1, and chensinin‐1 was able to mitigate the effects of LPS. These data may facilitate the development of antimicrobial peptides with potent antimicrobial and anti‐endotoxin activities. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers 103: 719–726, 2015.
Production of 2,3‐butanediol by Klebsiella oxytoca from various sugars in microalgal hydrolysate
Authors: Kim Yong Jae , Joo Hyun Woo , Park Juyi , Kim Duk‐Ki , Jeong Ki Jun , Chang Yong Keun
Published: September 2015

A new fermentation process using a mixed sugar medium is proposed in this study for 2,3‐butanediol (2,3‐BDO) production. The medium contained seven different monosugars known to be present in Nannochloropsis oceanica hydrolysate. The performance of each sugar when existing alone or together with glucose was evaluated. All the sugars except fucose were successfully metabolized for 2,3‐BDO production. A 2,3‐BDO yield of 0.31g/g was achieved with the mixed sugar medium, which was very close to that with the glucose‐only medium. However, the 2,3‐BDO productivity (0.28 g L−1 h−1) was found to be about 30% lower than that with glucose, implying, as expected, the existence of glucose repression on the uptake of other sugars. Strain development is in need to remove such negative effect of glucose for improved process efficiency. Fucose with the lowest uptake rate and no contribution to 2,3‐BDO production can be a high value‐added byproduct, once recovered and purified. © 2015 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 31:1669–1675, 2015
Efficient preparation and site‐directed immobilization of VHH antibodies by genetic fusion of poly(methylmethacrylate)‐binding peptide (PMMA‐Tag)
Authors: Kumada Yoichi , Kang Bongmun , Yamakawa Kagenari , Kishimoto Michimasa , Horiuchi Jun‐Ichi
Published: September 2015

A PMMA‐binding peptide (PMMA‐tag) was genetically fused with the C‐terminal region of an anti‐human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) single‐domain antibody (VHH). It was over‐expressed in an insoluble fraction of E. coli cells, and recovered in the presence of 8 M urea via one‐step IMAC purification. Monomeric and denatured PMMA‐tag‐fused VHH (VHH‐PM) was successfully prepared via the reduction and oxidation of VHH‐PM at a concentration less than 1 mg/mL in the presence of 8 M of urea. Furthermore, the VHH‐PM was refolded with a recovery of more than 95% by dialysis against 50 mM TAPS at pH 8.5, because the genetic fusion of PMMA‐tag resulted in a decrease in the apparent isoelectric point (pI) of the fusion protein, and its solubility at weak alkaline pH was considerably increased. The antigen‐binding activities of VHH‐PM in the adsorptive state were 10‐fold higher than that of VHH without a PMMA‐tag. The density of VHH‐PM on a PMMA plate was twice that of VHH, indicating that the site‐directed attachment of a PMMA‐tag resulted in positive effects to the adsorption amount as well as to the orientation of VHH‐PM in its adsorptive state. The preparation and immobilization methods for VHH‐PM against hCG developed in the present study were further applied to VHH‐PMs against four different antigens, and consequently, those antigens with the concentrations lower than 1 ng/mL were detected by the sandwich ELISA. Thus, the VHH‐PMs developed in the present study are useful for preparation of high‐performance and economical immunosorbent for detection of biomarkers. © 2015 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 31:1563–1570, 2015
Insights into laccase producing organisms, fermentation states, purification strategies, and biotechnological applications
Authors: Forootanfar Hamid , Faramarzi Mohammad Ali
Published: September 2015

Laccases are phenol oxidases belonging to the superfamily of multicopper oxidases and are found in bacteria, fungi, lichens, higher plants, and insects. Over the past few decades, laccases and laccase mediator systems (LMS) have found uses in a wide range of technological applications such as textile dye decolorization, industrial wastewater detoxification, pulp bleaching, chemical synthesis, and development of miniaturized biosensors. This has encouraged numerous studies to find and purify laccases with exploitable characteristics. The main aim of the present review is to summarize the rich literature data gained in recent years from the studies on laccases, focusing on the organisms that produce them, the methods used for screening, laccase activity assays, purification strategies, and the application of laccases as eco‐friendly biocatalysts. © 2015 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 31:1443–1463, 2015
Recombinase‐mediated cassette exchange (RMCE) for monoclonal antibody expression in the commercially relevant CHOK1SV cell line
Authors: Zhang Lin , Inniss Mara C. , Han Shu , Moffat Mark , Jones Heather , Zhang Baohong , Cox Wendy L. , Rance James R. , Young Robert J.
Published: September 2015

To meet product quality and cost parameters for therapeutic monoclonal antibody (mAb) production, cell lines are required to have excellent growth, stability, and productivity characteristics. In particular, cell line generation stability is critical to the success of a program, especially where high cell line generation numbers are required for large in‐market supply. However, a typical process for developing such cell lines is laborious, lengthy, and costly. In this study, we applied a FLP/FRT recombinase‐mediated cassette exchange (RMCE) system to build a site‐specific integration (SSI) system for mAb expression in the commercially relevant CHOK1SV cell line. Using a vector with a FRT‐flanked mAb expression cassette, we generated a clonal cell line with good productivity, long‐term production stability, and low mAb gene‐copy number indicating the vector was located in a ‘hot‐spot.’ A SSI host cell line was made by removing the mAb genes from the ‘hot‐spot’ by RMCE, creating a ‘landing pad’ containing two recombination cassettes that allow targeting of one or two copies of recombinant genes. Cell lines made from this host exhibited excellent growth and productivity profiles, and stability for at least 100 generations in the absence of selection agents. Importantly, while clones containing two copies had higher productivity than single copy clones, both were stable over many generations. Taken together, this study suggests the use of FLP‐based RMCE to develop SSI host cells for mAb production in CHOK1SV offers significant savings in both resources and overall cell line development time, leading to a shortened ‘time‐to‐clinic’ for therapeutic mAbs. © 2015 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 31:1645–1656, 2015
SOD2 genetic variant associated with treatment‐related ototoxicity in cisplatin‐treated pediatric medulloblastoma
Authors: Brown Austin L. , Lupo Philip J. , Okcu Mehmet Fatih , Lau Ching C. , Rednam Surya , Scheurer Michael E.
Published: September 2015

Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), encoded by the SOD2 gene, is involved in the detoxification of superoxide anion. Superoxide is likely a source of oxidative stress in the cochlea following treatment with platinum agents and radiation. Therefore, we examined SOD2 variants in association with ototoxicity among cisplatin‐treated childhood medulloblastoma patients. Blood samples were obtained from 71 eligible patients treated for pediatric medulloblastoma at Texas Children's Cancer Center (1987–2010). Ototoxicity was defined as requiring the use of a hearing aid sometime after the initiation of therapy. DNA was genotyped on the Illumina HumanOmni‐1 Quad BeadChip. A linkage disequilibrium (LD)‐based single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) selection strategy was used to identify a minimal set of informative variants. Associations between SNPs and ototoxicity were assessed using logistic regression. Of the 71 eligible patients, 26 (37%) suffered from cisplatin‐related ototoxicity. Study participants were primarily male (73%) and non‐Hispanic white (42%). Five SOD2 variants (rs7855, rs5746151, rs5746136, rs2758331, and rs4880) identified by the LD‐based selection strategy were genotyped. After correcting for multiple comparisons, the C‐allele of the rs4880 variant was significantly associated with ototoxicity (odds ratio = 3.06, 95% confidence interval: 1.30–7.20) in adjusted models. The rs4880 T > C substitution results in a Val > Ala amino acid change at position 16 of the MnSOD mitochondrial targeting sequence. The Ala variant, which has been associated with increased MnSOD activity, was associated with hearing damage in this study. Platinum‐based therapies increase the expression of MnSOD, which may result in an abundance of hydrogen peroxide, a reactive oxygen species. Therefore, oxidative stress may be an important mechanism in therapy‐related cochlear damage.
The use of erythrocyte fragility to assess xenobiotic cytotoxicity
Authors: Pagano Maria , Faggio Caterina
Published: September 2015

The erythrocytes of mammals represent a good model to evaluate the cytotoxicity of molecules, organic and inorganic, natural or synthetic, by cellular damage measure. Indeed, before any investigation on the mechanism of action of different molecules, it is important to perform a cytotoxicity assay. Among the different cytotoxicity assays that assess a possible toxicity in the red blood cells is the rate of haemolysis. This essay is based on the evaluation of the alterations of red cell membranes in the presence of an eventual xenobiotic. Red blood cells are the main cells in circulation, and they are responsible for transporting oxygen; in fact, any alterations of this process could be lethal. The plasma membrane of red blood cells is a multi‐component structure such as to confer to these cells their characteristic biconcave shape, high flexibility, elasticity and deformability. However, there are clear signs of cellular suffering if there are any alterations to this structure. One method of toxicity assessment is based on measurement of the efflux of haemoglobin from suspended red blood cells. Haemolysis, and therefore the loss of haemoglobin, is the signal stability of the cell membrane of the erythrocytes. In recent years, the discovery of programmed cell death in mammalian red blood cells presented a diversification of the response to injury by these a‐nucleated cells. This review shows that mammals' erythrocytes might serve well as a model cell to study on the cellular and molecular mechanisms of many treatments. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ChemInform Abstract: Gallium Arsenate Dihydrate under Pressure: Elastic Properties, Compression Mechanism, and Hydrogen Bonding.
Authors: Spencer Elinor C. , Soghomonian Victoria , Ross Nancy L.
Published: September 2015

Crystals of GaAsO4·2H2O are obtained as a minor product of the hydrothermal reaction of aqueous mixtures of VCl4, NaHAsO4, GaCl3, and guanidinium hydrochloride (autoclave, 456 K, 90 h) and characterized by high‐pressure single crystal XRD and Raman spectroscopy.
ChemInform Abstract: Reversible Electrochemical Intercalation of Aluminum in Mo6S8.
Authors: Geng Linxiao , Lv Guocheng , Xing Xuebing , Guo Juchen
Published: September 2015

The Chevrel phase Mo6S8 is prepared by reaction of CuCl2 and (NH4)2MoS4 in DMF (90 °C, 6 h) followed by heating of the precipitate in 5% H2/Ar atmosphere (1000 °C, 7 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Degradation Performance of a Keggin Type Zn—Mo—Zr Catalyst for Acidic Green B with Ultrasonic Waves.
Authors: Zhang Zhihong , Liao Zhipeng , Zhang Gehong
Published: September 2015

Na6[Zn(Mo11ZrO39)]·20H2O with a Keggin structure of the 1:1:11 series is prepared by the classic acidification method using an aqueous Na2MoO4 solution at pH 6.5 to which aq.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of BiVO4 via Oxidant Peroxo‐Method: Insights into the Photocatalytic Performance and Degradation Mechanism of Pollutants.
Authors: Lopes Osmando F. , Carvalho Kele T. G. , Macedo Gabriel K. , de Mendonca Vagner R. , Avansi Waldir Jr. , Ribeiro Caue
Published: September 2015

BiVO4 is prepared from an equimolar aqueous solution of Bi(NO3)34 and NH4VO3 to which H2O2 is given in a 10:1 molar ratio.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation, Crystal Structure, Vibrational Spectra, and Thermal Behavior of Tl2H2P2O6 and Tl4P2O6.
Authors: Wu Peng , Pook Niels‐Patrick , Gjikaj Mimoza
Published: September 2015

The new compounds (III) and (IV) are characterized by single crystal XRD, IR and Raman spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric measurements.
ChemInform Abstract: Trends in Syntheses, Structures, and Properties for Three Series of Ammine Rare‐Earth Metal Borohydrides, M(BH4)3·nNH3 (M: Y, Gd, and Dy).
Authors: Jepsen Lars H. , Ley Morten B. , Cerny Radovan Cerny Radovan , Lee Young‐Su , Cho Young Whan , Ravnsbaek Dorthe , Besenbacher Flemming , Skibsted Joergen , Jensen Torben R.
Published: September 2015

Solvent‐ and halide‐free ammine rare earth metal borohydrates Ln(BH4)3·nNH3 (Ln: Y, Gd, Dy; n = 7, 6, 5, 4, 2, 1) are synthesized by combined mechanochemistry and solvent‐based metathesis reactions of LiBH4 and LnCl3 in the ratio of 3:1, followed by reaction of the produced Ln(BH4)3 with an excess of NH3 gas, yielding Ln(BH4)3·7NH3, that stepwise releases ammonia on thermal treatment.
ChemInform Abstract: Structural, Electrical, and Optical Properties of the Tetragonal, Fluorite‐Related Zn0.456In1.084Ge0.460O3.
Authors: Rickert Karl , Sedefoglu Nazmi , Malo Sylvie , Caignaert Vincent , Kavak Hamide , Poeppelmeier Kenneth R.
Published: September 2015

Zn0.456In1.084Ge0.460O3 is prepared by solid state reaction of ZnO, In2O3, and GeO2 (pellets in sacrificial powder in covered corundum crucible, 1250 °C, 16 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Zn(salen)‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Phenyl Transfer to Aldehydes and Ketones with Organozinc Reagent.
Authors: Shimizu Keisuke , Uetsu Hidenori , Gotanda Takashi , Ito Katsuji
Published: September 2015

A chiral zinc salen complex is found to be a highly efficient catalyst for the enantioselective phenyl transfer of organozinc reagent to aromatic aldehydes and ketones.
ChemInform Abstract: Densely Substituted‐Proline Esters as Catalysts for Asymmetric Michael Additions of Ketones to Nitroalkenes.
Authors: Ruiz‐Olalla Andrea , Retamosa Maria de Gracia , Cossio Fernando P.
Published: September 2015

For the aldol reaction of cyclohexanone with perfluorobenzaldehyde both nitro and amino derivatives (I) are found to be active catalysts with similar stereoselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Lewis Acid Catalysis in Intramolecular [2 + 2] Photocycloaddition Reactions: A Mechanistic Comparison Between Representative Coumarin and Enone Substrates.
Authors: Brimioulle Richard , Bauer Andreas , Bach Thorsten
Published: September 2015

The photocycloaddition reactions of three coumarins and three dihydropyridones are investigated in the absence and in the presence of a Lewis acid.
ChemInform Abstract: An Unusual Formation of Diarylmethane Scaffolds from 4‐(Halomethyl)cyclohex‐2‐enone Derivatives.
Authors: Babu Kaki Raveendra , Khan Faiz Ahmed
Published: September 2015

This unusual dimerization of substrates (I) proceeds via a dehydrohalogenation/1,6‐conjugate addition/aromatization sequence.
ChemInform Abstract: Gold(I)/(III)‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Cyclic Ethers; Valency‐Controlled Cyclization Modes.
Authors: Morita Nobuyoshi , Yasuda Arisa , Shibata Motohiro , Ban Shintaro , Hashimoto Yoshimitsu , Okamoto Iwao , Tamura Osamu
Published: September 2015

Two types of cyclic ethers are obtained from propargylic alcohols by gold(I)/(III)‐catalyzed regiodivergent syntheses.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalyst‐Controlled Dioxygenation of Olefins: An Approach to Peroxides, Alcohols, and Ketones.
Authors: Xia Xiao‐Feng , Zhu Su‐Li , Gu Zhen , Wang Haijun , Li Wei , Liu Xiang , Liang Yong‐Min
Published: September 2015

The reaction of N‐hydroxyphthalimide with olefins, generally styrenes, with tBuOOH is investigated.
ChemInform Abstract: Alkene Isomerization—Hydroboration Promoted by Phosphine‐Ligated Cobalt Catalysts.
Authors: Scheuermann Margaret L. , Johnson Elizabeth J. , Chirik Paul J.
Published: September 2015

The catalyst is found to effectively promote the boron incorporation with nonterminal selectivity and adjacent to π‐systems even in substrates where the alkene is at a remote position.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation of 1,4‐Dienes by the Reaction of Titanocene Cycloalkenylidenes with 1‐Alkenes.
Authors: Takeda Takeshi , Teramoto Yuzo , Inoue Yuta , Tsubouchi Akira
Published: September 2015

A novel synthesis of skipped dienes having a cycloalkene moiety is accomplished by coupling of monosubstituted olefins with titanocene cycloalkenylidenes, generated in situ from compounds (I) or (IV) and Ti(Cp)2(P(O‐Et)3)2.
ChemInform Abstract: C‐ and N‐Selective Grignard Addition Reactions of α‐Aldimino Esters in the Presence or Absence of Zinc(II) Chloride: Synthetic Applications to Optically Active Azacycles.
Authors: Hatano Manabu , Yamashita Kenji , Ishihara Kazuaki
Published: September 2015

A broad spectrum of title reactions can be successfully controlled following the variations in the conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: A General Method for Imine Formation Using B(OCH2CF3)3.
Authors: Reeves Jonathan T. , Visco Michael D. , Marsini Maurice A. , Grinberg Nelu , Busacca Carl A. , Mattson Anita E. , Senanayake Chris H.
Published: September 2015

The approach to various imines bearing different types of N‐substituents is possible under conditions A) or B).
ChemInform Abstract: Copper(I)‐Catalyzed Desulfinative Carboxylation of Sodium Sulfinates Using Carbon Dioxide.
Authors: Sun Song , Yu Jin‐Tao , Jiang Yan , Cheng Jiang
Published: September 2015

The carboxylation of aryl‐ and alkenylsulfinates shows good functional group tolerance and provides carboxylic acids in good to excellent yields.
ChemInform Abstract: A Mesoporous Organosilica Grafted Pd Catalyst (MOG‐Pd) for Efficient Base Free and Phosphine Free Synthesis of Tertiary Butyl Esters via Tertiary‐Butoxycarbonylation of Boronic Acid Derivatives Without Using Carbon Monoxide.
Authors: Ghosh Kajari , Molla Rostam Ali , Iqubal Md. Asif , Islam S. M.
Published: September 2015

The catalytic activity of the newly synthesized catalyst is evaluated for the synthesis of tertiary butyl esters via tert‐butoxycarbonylation of boronic acid derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: Vis/NIR Light Driven Mild and Clean Synthesis of Disulfides in the Presence of Cu2(OH)PO4 under Aerobic Conditions.
Authors: Shah Sk. Sheriff , Karthik S. , Singh N. D. Pradeep
Published: September 2015

Irradiation with NIR light (λ = 828 nm) gives somewhat lower yields while irradiation with visible light in absence of any solvents shows a significant decline in yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Trifluoromethyl‐Substituted Sulfonium Ylide: Rh‐Catalyzed Carbenoid Addition toTrifluoromethylthioether.
Authors: Liu Yafei , Shao Xinxin , Zhang Panpan , Lu Long , Shen Qilong
Published: September 2015

The title ylides are found to be useful reagents for the trifluoromethylation of various β‐ketoesters and aryl iodides.
ChemInform Abstract: Pd‐Catalyzed Decarboxylative Allylic Coupling of Acetates of Baylis—Hillman Alcohols with Propiolic Acids: A Highly Regio‐ and Stereoselective Synthesis of 1,5‐Diarylpent‐1‐en‐4‐yne Derivatives.
Authors: Tummanapalli Satyanarayana , Muthuraman Parthasarathy , Vangapandu Dhanunjaya Naidu , Shanmugavel Gnanakalai , Kambampati Sanjeeva , Lee Kee Wei
Published: September 2015

The title reaction leads to valuable diarylpentenynes in a highly regio‐ and stereoselective manner via an exclusively SN2′ pathway.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed Oxidative ipso‐Cyclization of N‐(p‐Methoxyaryl)propiolamides with Disulfides and Water Leading to 3‐(Arylthio)‐1‐azaspiro[4.5]deca‐3,6,9‐triene‐2,8‐diones.
Authors: Qian Peng‐Cheng , Liu Yu , Song Ren‐Jie , Xiang Jian‐Nan , Li Jin‐Heng
Published: September 2015

A facile, copper‐catalyzed sequential oxidative C‐S bond formation, ipso‐cyclization, and dearomatization strategy assembles the title compounds (III),(V),(VII),(IX),(XI) using an inexpensive catalytic system and molecular oxygen as oxidant.
ChemInform Abstract: Visible‐Light Induced Isoindoles Formation to Trigger Intermolecular Diels—Alder Reactions in the Presence of Air.
Authors: Lin Chao , Zhen Le , Cheng Yong , Du Hong‐Jin , Zhao Hui , Wen Xiaoan , Kong Ling‐Yi , Xu Qing‐Long , Sun Hongbin
Published: September 2015

Bridged‐ring heterocycles are diastereoselectively synthesized from easily accessible educts by an atom‐economical, transition‐metal‐free approach under mild reaction conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: N‐Heterocyclic Carbene‐Catalyzed Diastereoselective Synthesis of β‐Lactone‐Fused Cyclopentanes Using Homoenolate Annulation Reaction.
Authors: Mukherjee Subrata , Mondal Santigopal , Patra Atanu , Gonnade Rajesh G. , Biju Akkattu T.
Published: September 2015

A novel and diastereoselective organocatalyzed homoenolate annulation with 2‐enoylpyridines (I) or 2‐enoylpyridine N‐oxides (VI) is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Strain‐Driven Direct Cross‐Aldol and ‐Ketol Reactions of Four‐Membered Heterocyclic Ketones.
Authors: Dobi Zoltan , Holczbauer Tamas , Soos Tibor
Published: September 2015

Four‐membered heterocyclic ketones undergo cross‐ketal reactions with ketones (II) and (IV) as well as cross‐aldol reactions with aldehydes (VI) and ketones (Ib,c) to give β‐hydroxyketone derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Access to Polysubstituted Tetrahydrofurans by Electrophilic Cyclization of Vinylsilyl Alcohols.
Authors: Barbero Asuncion , Barbero Hector , Gonzalez‐Ortega Alfonso , Pulido Francisco J. , Val Patricia , Diez‐Varga Alberto , Moran Joaquin R.
Published: September 2015

Vinylsilyl alcohols undergo intramolecular cyclization to provide di‐, tri‐ or tetrasubstituted‐tetrahydrofurans.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed Coupling Cyclization of gem‐Difluoroalkenes with Activated Methylene Carbonyl Compounds: Facile Domino Access to Polysubstituted Furans.
Authors: Zhang Xuxue , Dai Wenpeng , Wu Wei , Cao Song
Published: September 2015

The first general route for the efficient synthesis of trisubstituted furan derivatives is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium Nanoparticles Catalyzed Synthesis of Benzofurans by a Domino Approach.
Authors: Mandali Pavan Kumar , Chand Dillip Kumar
Published: September 2015

The synthesis of various benzofurans via Sonogashira coupling catalyzed by palladous acetate‐derived Pd(0) nanoparticles is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Regioselective Domino Cyclization of Cyclohexadienones.
Authors: Murthy Akondi Srirama , Donikela Sangeetha , Reddy Cirandur Suresh , Chegondi Rambabu
Published: September 2015

Cyclohexadienone‐containing 1,6‐enynes (I) and arylboronic acids (II) undergo a Pd‐catalyzed arylative domino carbocyclization reaction to yield cis‐fused bicyclic tetrahydrobenzofuranones.
ChemInform Abstract: Zeolite‐Catalyzed Synthesis of 2,3‐Unsubstituted Benzo[b]furans via the Intramolecular Cyclization of 2‐Aryloxyacetaldehyde Acetals.
Authors: Sun Nan , Huang Peng , Wang Yifan , Mo Weimin , Hu Baoxiang , Shen Zhenlu , Hu Xinquan
Published: September 2015

The reaction tolerates various substituents and proceeds with high yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Conjugate Addition of Ketones to Maleimides Using Diaminomethyleneindenedione Organocatalyst.
Authors: Nakashima Kosuke , Kawada Masahiro , Hirashima Shin‐ichi , Kato Mana , Koseki Yuji , Miura Tsuyoshi
Published: September 2015

[providing the corresponding addition products in high yields and a high value of enantioselectivity]
ChemInform Abstract: Strong Lewis Acids of Air‐Stable Binuclear Triphenylantimony(V) Complexes and their Catalytic Application in C—C Bond‐Forming Reactions.
Authors: Li Ningbo , Qiu Renhua , Zhang Xiaohong , Chen Yun , Yin Shuang‐Feng , Xu Xinhua
Published: September 2015

Newly prepared binuclear organic antimony sulfonates prove to be efficient catalysts for Michael addition reaction of indoles with Michael acceptors as well as for allylation of aldehydes.
ChemInform Abstract: Ga(DS)3‐Catalyzed Double Hydroarylation of Acetylenic Esters with Indoles for the Synthesis of Bisindolyl Propanoates.
Authors: An Li‐Tao , Cai Jing‐Jing , Pan Xiang‐Qiang , Chen Tang‐Ming , Zou Jian‐Ping , Zhang Wei
Published: September 2015

Using disubstituted alkynes instead of terminal alkynes, the formation of the title bisindole derivatives is not observed.
ChemInform Abstract: Azo‐Compound‐Mediated Cyanoalkylation of Alkenes by Copper Catalysis: General Access to Cyano‐Substituted Oxindoles.
Authors: Tang Shi , Zhou Dong , Li Zhi‐Hao , Fu Mei‐Jun , Jie Li , Sheng Rui‐Long , Li Shu‐Hua
Published: September 2015

Various β‐cyanoalkyl substituted oxindoles are obtained via a cascade radical addition/C(sp2)—H cyclization process.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Synthesis of 2‐(4‐Hydroxybiphenyl‐3‐yl)‐1H‐indoles from Anilines and 5′‐Bromo‐2′‐hydroxyacetophenone
Authors: Subedi Milan , Chen Jianbo , Kang Eunsol , Kim Kyung Im , Byun Youngjoo
Published: September 2015

involving a Pd‐catalyzed cyclization to the indole framework as key reaction
ChemInform Abstract: Base‐Promoted Transformation of 2‐C(O)R‐1,8‐Bis(dimethylamino)naphthalenes into Benzo[g]indole Derivatives.
Authors: Kachalkina Svetlana G. , Borodkin Gennady S. , Pozharskii Alexander F. , Antonov Alexander S. , Borodkina Inna G. , Maltsev Yuri F. , Filatova Ekaterina A. , Filarowski Aleksander , Ozeryanskii Valery A.
Published: September 2015

Benzo[g]indole derivatives [(IV), (V), (VI), and (IX)] are synthesized starting from bis(dimethylamino)naphthalene derivative (I) through base‐promoted transformation via pyrrole ring closure.
ChemInform Abstract: Regio‐ and Stereoselective Cycloaddition of Stable Azomethine Imines to (Arylmethylidene)malononitriles.
Authors: Pleshchev Mikhail I. , Gupta Nikita V. Das , Struchkova Marina I. , Goloveshkin Alexander S. , Bushmarinov Ivan S. , Khakimov Dmitriy V. , Makhova Nina N.
Published: September 2015

Title cycloaddition between compounds (I) and (II) affords pyrazolo‐pyrazole derivatives (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Solvent‐Free Heteropolyacid‐Catalyzed Glycerol Ketalization at Room Temperature.
Authors: da Silva M. J. , Julio A. A. , Dorigetto F. C. S.
Published: September 2015

Among the tested heteropolyacids H3PW12O40 proves to be the best suited heteropolyacid catalyst for the regioselective ketalization of glycerol to furnish selectively the 1,3‐dioxolan‐4‐methanols (III) in this solvent‐free protocol.
ChemInform Abstract: Iodine Catalyzed Mild 4CR Protocol for Synthesis of Tetrahydroimidazo[1,2‐a]pyridines: Cascade Construction of Multiple C—C and C—Hetero Bonds.
Authors: Rezvanian Atieh
Published: September 2015

The efficient one‐pot four component reaction is based on the transformation of pyruvic acid, 1,1‐bis(methylthio)‐2‐nitroethylene, aryl aldehydes and ethylene‐1,2‐diamine or propane‐1,2‐diamine and is not applicable to propane‐1,3‐diamine or butane‐1,4‐diamine.
ChemInform Abstract: Cycloaddition Reactions of Glycine Imine Anions to Phenylazocarboxylic Esters — A New Access to 1,3,5‐Trisubstituted 1,2,4‐Triazoles.
Authors: Lasch Roman , Heinrich Markus R.
Published: September 2015

Phenylazocarboxylates react with glycine‐derived Schiff bases via [3+2]‐cycloaddition under mild conditions to yield regioisomeric mixtures of 1,2,4‐triazoles.
ChemInform Abstract: Environmentally Sustainable Magnetic Solid Sulfonic Acid: An Efficient and Reusable Catalyst for the Pechmann Reaction.
Authors: Mobaraki Akbar , Yasham Shahriar , Movassagh Barahman
Published: September 2015

A wide range of coumarin derivatives is synthesized via a Pechmann reaction under solvent‐free conditions using organosulfonic acid functionalized silica‐coated magnetic nanoparticles as catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic C—H Bond Addition of Pyridines to Allenes by a Rare‐Earth Catalyst.
Authors: Song Guoyong , Wang Baoli , Nishiura Masayoshi , Hou Zhaomin
Published: September 2015

A combination of a half‐sandwich scandium complex and [Ph3C][B(C6F5)4] catalyzes the addition reaction of diversely substituted pyridines with allenes to afford 2‐alkylpyridines stereoselectively.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation of 2‐Phenyl‐3‐hydroxyquinoline‐4(1H)‐one‐5‐carboxamides as Potential Anticancer and Fluorescence Agents.
Authors: Funk Petr , Motyka Kamil , Dzubak Petr , Znojek Pawel , Gurska Sona , Kusz Joachim , McMaster Claire , Hajduch Marian , Soural Miroslav
Published: September 2015

The title compounds are synthesized in order to study their properties compared to analogical 6‐8 carboxamide isomers.
ChemInform Abstract: Tin(II) Chloride Catalyzed Synthesis of New Pyrazolo[5,4‐b]quinolines under Solvent‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Poursattar Marjani Ahmad , Khalafy Jabbar , Salami Fatemeh , Mohammadlou Mahsa
Published: September 2015

The cyclocondensations are performed in molten tin dichloride which acts as both reaction medium and Lewis acid catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of New Pyrazolo[1,5‐α]quinazoline Derivatives.
Authors: Kovacs Daniel , Molnar‐Toth Judit , Blasko Gabor , Fejes Imre , Nyerges Miklos
Published: September 2015

A novel cascade condensation‐intramolecular acylation process for the synthesis of the title compounds from anthranilic acid derivatives is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient Synthesis of Chromeno[2,3‐d]pyrimidine‐2,4‐diones with a Nitroketene‐Aminal Moiety at C(5) by a One‐Pot Four‐Component Reaction.
Authors: Alizadeh Abdolali , Ghanbaripour Rashid , Weng Ng Seik
Published: September 2015

Title compounds (V) are synthesized via a four‐component reaction characterized by easy performance, good yields, and easy purification.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalyst‐ and Solvent‐Free Rapid Addition of Secondary Phosphine Chalcogenides to Aldehydes: Another Click Chemistry.
Authors: Gusarova Nina K. , Ivanova Nina I. , Volkov Pavel A. , Khrapova Kseniya O. , Larina Luydmila I. , Smirnov Vladimir I. , Borodina Tatyana N. , Trofimov Boris A.
Published: September 2015

Significantly shorter reaction times together with higher yields are the benefits when the addition reaction is carried out under solvent‐free conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Bio‐Inspired Synthesis of Metal Nanomaterials and Applications
Authors: Huang Jiale , Lin Liqin , Sun Daohua , Chen Huimei , Yang Dapeng , Li Qingbiao
Published: September 2015

Review: 376 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Bioactivity of Pyrroloindazoles: An Overview
Authors: Chakrabarty Manas , Rakshit Moumita , Kar Gandhi K.
Published: September 2015

Review: 69 refs.