bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Wieloznaczna semantyka czerni w „Metamorfozach” Owidiusza
Authors: Czapińska-Bambara Marta , Danek Zbigniew
Published: September 2023

The subject of this study is how and in what scope Ovid uses the terms of blackness (ater, niger, pullus, piceus, fuscus) occurring in Latin in his Metamorphoses. Particular attention is paid to those places in the poem where this blackness enhances the dynamics of the situations described by the poet, gaining at the same time a specific axiological qualification, and also justifies through its presence the conventional use of the colour as an expression of mourning. This non-typical usage of the terms mentioned above leads to the conclusion that in this aspect of his poetic creativity, Ovid depicts the mythical reality he presents in an absolutely non-imitative manner, but rather full of at times surprising expressionistic colour associations.The subject of this study is how and in what scope Ovid uses the terms of blackness (ater, niger, pullus, piceus, fuscus) occurring in Latin in his Metamorphoses. Particular attention is paid to those places in the poem where this blackness enhances the dynamics of the situations described by the poet, gaining at the same time a specific axiological qualification, and also justifies through its presence the conventional use of the colour as an expression of mourning. This non-typical usage of the terms mentioned above leads to the conclusion that in this aspect of his poetic creativity, Ovid depicts the mythical reality he presents in an absolutely non-imitative manner, but rather full of at times surprising expressionistic colour associations.
Cyfrowe metamorfozy, czyli słów kilka o Owidiuszu w serwisie YouTube. Rekonesans
Authors: Dominas Konrad
Published: September 2023

The article is an attempt to classify and analyse videos dedicated to Ovid on YouTube. This text can be treated as a broad introduction to research on Greco–Roman heritage in the space of social media. The review of the materials presented here clearly shows that YouTube has three basic functions in this context: 1) as a space for publishing and sharing materials about the poet from Sulmona; 2) as an educational or quasi–educational platform; 3) as a place for the reception of the work and life of Ovid. In addition, these examples not only supplement the traditional knowledge about the author of Metamorphoses, but also an important point of reference, one of the artifacts responsible for the changes that take place in the understanding and perception of ancient culture in the postmodern world.
Qualidade de vida, aspectos sociodemográficos, atividade física e saúde de universitárias do sul da Bahia durante a pandemia da COVID-19
Authors: Simões Gomes Moscardini Daniela , Fabiana Rossi Squarcini Camila , Rodrigo Trindade Pinheiro Menuchi Marcos , Ohara David
Published: September 2023

O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a associação entre fatores sociodemográficos e qualidade de vida, além de identificar o nível de atividade física e comportamento sedentário em universitárias, durante o período pandêmico da COVID-19. Participaram do estudo 60 universitárias (26,6±0,6 anos) dos cursos de graduação e pós-graduação de uma Universidade pública no sul do estado da Bahia, Brasil. A qualidade de vida foi avaliada pelo WHOQOL-Bref e a atividade física pela versão curta do questionário IPAQ. Foram realizadas análises descritivas e bivariadas. O coeficiente de correlação parcial e de Spearman foram utilizadas para identificar a relação entre as variáveis sociodemográficas e os domínios da qualidade de vida. Adotou-se o nível de significância de 5%. A prevalência de inatividade física foi alta (38,3%) com mediana de 360 min/dia de tempo despendido na posição sentada. Observou-se associação entre o curso/nível de instrução e todos os domínios da qualidade de vida, variando de fraca a moderada, mesmo controlando para as covariáveis (COVID-19 e Comorbidades) (r=0,278 a r=0,507; p<0,05). Da mesma forma, a associação entre idade e os domínios Físico e Psicológico mantiveram-se mesmo após o controle. Excetuando-se a renda, as variáveis sociodemográficas associaram-se parcialmente aos domínios da qualidade de vida nas universitárias deste estudo, sugerindo pequena influência das covariáveis relacionadas à saúde na redução da força das correlações. Por fim, a prevalência de inatividade física foi elevada, além de apresentarem tempo despendido sentado semelhante durante a semana e final de semana.
Sinergismo antimicrobiano e atividades antibiofilme dos óleos essenciais de Mentha piperita L. e Eucalyptus globulus contra cocos Gram-positivos
Authors: Soares Ferreira Nicolly , Campanin  Rosa Rhayane , Noemi Ramos Fontes Eline , Areas Bastos Kamila , Alves Resende Juliana , Drummond Costa Ignacchiti Mariana
Published: September 2023

O desenvolvimento de novos compostos com atividade antimicrobiana e antibiofilme é uma prioridade urgente na saúde única. As infecções por cocos Gram-positivos (CGP) merecem atenção devido à sua capacidade de causar infecções graves e potencialmente fatais. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a atividade antimicrobiana e antibiofilme de óleos essenciais (OE) de Mentha piperita L. e Eucalyptus globulus e suas associações frente Staphylococcus aureus e Enterococcus faecalis. O potencial antimicrobiano foi avaliado pelo método de difusão em disco e a Concentração Inibitória Mínima (CIM) determinada por microdiluição em caldo. Os ensaios de associação entre os OE foram realizados pelo método checkerboard que determina a concentração fracionada mínima (FIC) e classifica a associação como sinérgicas, aditivas ou antagônicas. A atividade antibiofilme do OE isolado e em associação foi avaliada pelo cristal violeta. O teste de difusão em disco confirmou a capacidade dos OE em inibir as bactérias em sua forma planctônica. As CIM de E. globulus contra S. aureus e E. faecalis foram 1,25% e 0,15%, respectivamente, e para M. piperita L. foi 0,15% para ambos CGP, com efeito bactericida. A combinação dos OE mostrou atividade sinérgica para S. aureus (FIC = 0,375) e aditiva para E. faecalis (FIC = 0,750). Ambos CGP são formadores de biofilme moderadamente aderente. Após adição dos OE e sua combinação, o biofilme foi reclassificado como pouco aderente. Estes resultados indicam que tanto o OE de E. globulus e M. piperita L. isolados quanto em associação são capazes de inibir a adesão celular inicial dos CGP.
Caryocar villosum: bioatividade de extratos e óleos sobre fitopatógenos
Authors: Sousa Bruna Cristine Martins de , Lourido Katiane Araújo , Rebelo Rayssa Xavier , Castro Santana Pinto de , Matos Jéssica Carine do Nascimento de , Sartoratto Adilson , Vieira Thiago Almeida , Castro Kelly Christina Ferreira , Lustosa Denise Castro
Published: September 2023

O piquiazeiro apresenta grande importância na Amazônia, pois além de utilizado na culinária, é empregado na indústria cosmética, e empiricamente como produto medicinal, mas pouco se sabe sobre seu potencial para obtenção de substâncias fungitóxicas. Este estudo avaliou a análise química e a atividade antifúngica in vitro de extratos etanólicos e óleos de Caryocar villosum. O perfil químico dos extratos foi obtido por Cromatografia em Camada Delgada (CCD), enquanto o perfil do óleo vegetal foi analisado por Cromatografia Gasosa acoplada à Espectrometria de Massas (GC-MS). Diferentes concentrações dos extratos e óleos vegetais foram utilizadas nos testes biológicos. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial com replicação. A presença de flavonoides foi confirmada em todos os extratos. Os componentes majoritários do óleo artesanal foram ácido oleico, ácido palmítico e oleato de etila, e o componente majoritário do óleo industrializado foi (Z)-9,17-octadecadienal, (Z)-octadecenal e β-sitosterol. Em geral, o extrato das folhas jovens e o óleo industrializado apresentaram as maiores reduções nas colônias fúngicas, e as concentrações de 40% dos extratos e de 3,75 μL.mL-1 dos óleos ocasionaram os menores crescimentos dos desafiantes.
Thomas D’Urfey’s Adaptation of Cervantes’s Quixote: The Comical History of Don Quixote
Authors: Faedo María José Álvarez
Published: September 2023

The Comical History of Don Quixote (1694) is one of the first dramatizations of Miguel de Cervantes’s novel in English, written in three parts. Starting with the episode of Cardenio and Luscinda in the first part, Thomas D’Urfey takes liberties with the characters and twists the plot, mixing chapters and embellishing it with songs by composer Henry Purcell and music by other contemporary artists. However, this dramatist presents us with a noble and quite sensible Don Quixote, as opposed to a histrionic Sancho, thus inverting the essence of the original characters in Cervantes’s novel.This article will analyze – from the perspective of studies on theatrical adaptation, such as Linda Hutcheon’s A Theory of Adaptation (2006) and Jane Barnette’s ADAPTURGY: The Dramaturg’s Art and Theatrical Adaptation (2018) – Thomas D’Urfey’s The Comical History of Don Quixote (1694) as an adaptation of Miguel de Cervantes’s Quixote. The author will explore the different episodes that D’Urfey chose to rewrite in the three parts of his play, analyzing the differences and similitudes between the original stories in the novel and their adapted version in the play, in order to prove that, on the one hand, Cervantes’s novel was already widely known by English audiences when D’Urfey’s plays were premiered, on the other, that he adapted the existing material to suit the preferences of English seventeenth-century audiences and, finally, that he created a parody in which Don Quixote is actually a nobler character than that of the preceding seventeenth-century adaptations.1
Die unvorhergesehene (jedoch vorhersehbare) Inflation nach der Coronapandemie
Authors: Beretta Edoardo
Published: September 2023

Dieser Aufsatz liefert eine Erklärung, warum die seit 2022 andauernde Inflationswelle vorhersehbar war. Damit ergänzt er die Analyse einiger Ökonomen, die schon 2020/2021 vor dem Risiko einer Inflationsspirale warnten, als die meisten Wirtschaftsprognosen aufgrund der Coronapandemie noch lange stagnierende oder gar sinkende Preise erwarten ließen. Welche Risikofaktoren sind seitdem hinzugekommen? Und wie könnte sich der Aufwärtstrend des allgemeinen Preisniveaus in nächster Zeit entwickeln? Fest steht jedenfalls, dass die Inflation – ob von Verbraucher- oder Immobilienpreisen oder von Vermögenswerten – nicht ausgestorben ist.
Effects of γ-oryzanol on motor function in a spinal cord injury model
Authors: Fan ZhiYi , Zhan WanDa , Cai Jun
Published: September 2023

Objective

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is caused by disease or trauma and results in a partial or complete loss of motor or sensory function below the injury level. Most patients with SCI are young, and long-term disability imposes both psychological and financial burdens. Rice is the most abundant source of γ-oryzanol, which exhibits both antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. γ-Oryzanol has been shown to cross the blood–brain barrier in an intact form and have beneficial effects on brain function. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to report the effect of γ-oryzanol on motor function recovery in mice after SCI.

Methods

Mice were randomly divided into three groups: the sham group, the injury group, and the γ-oryzanol-treated group that received an intraperitoneal γ-oryzanol (100 mg/kg) injection every 2 days for 42 days after SCI. The effect of γ-oryzanol was assessed through various approaches. Behavioral tests were performed using Basso mouse scale scores and gait analysis. Hematoxylin and eosin staining, Luxol fast blue staining, magnetic resonance imaging ,and immunofluorescence staining were used to observe the lesion area changes, demyelination, axonal regeneration, and scar tissue formation. The levels of inflammatory cytokines in the peripheral blood of mice were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Results

Behavioral tests showed that γ-oryzanol treatment improved gait following SCI. Pathological examination revealed that demyelination at the site of injury improved with γ-oryzanol treatment and was accompanied by the retention of axons associated with motor function and reduced scarring. Additionally, γ-oryzanol treatment decreased the serum levels of pro-inflammatory factors.

Conclusions

Studies have shown that γ-oryzanol promotes motor function recovery in mice after SCI. Therefore, γ-oryzanol might be the latent target for SCI therapy.
Syntheses, characterization and properties of copper, silver and palladium complexes with oxazoline-containing ligands
Authors: Hu Tao , Zhou Wei , Kuai Hai-Wei , Zhang Hai-Ming
Published: September 2023

The reactions of copper, silver and palladium salts with the homochiral ligands 3,3′-bis[(S,S)-4-isopropyl-2-oxazolyl]-4-chloro-2,2′-bipyridine (L1), 3,3′-bis[(S,S)-4-benzyl-2-oxazolyl]-4-chloro-2,2′-bipyridine (L2) and 2-[(S)-4-isopropyl-2-oxazolyl]quinoline (L3) yield three new chiral complexes: [Cu(L1)Br2] (1), [Ag(L2)(CH3CN)]·(BF4)·(CH3OH)0.17·(H2O)0.08 (2) and [Pd(L3)Cl2]·(CH3COCH3)0.5 (3), which have been characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, IR spectroscopy, and elemental and thermogravimetric analyses. The complexes 1–3 display discrete mononuclear structures. Non-linear optical properties of complexes 1–3 were investigated.
Hydrodynamic Flow Characteristics of a Recirculating Pool: Examining the Ecological Validity for Training and Testing
Authors: Krajewski Kellen T. , Beethe Anne Z. , Dever Dennis E. , Johnson Caleb D. , Nindl Bradley C. , Lovalekar Mita T. , Flanagan Shawn D. , Connaboy Chris
Published: September 2023

Krajewski, KT, Beethe, AZ, Dever, DE, Johnson, CD, Nindl, BC, Lovalekar, MT, Flanagan, SD, and Connaboy, C. Hydrodynamic flow characteristics of a recirculating pool: examining the ecological validity for training and testing. J Strength Cond Res 37(10): 2023–2031, 2023—Recirculating swimming flumes (RSFs) with elliptical multifeature designs have grown in popularity due to their multifunctionality for rehabilitation and training. Because of their smaller footprint, laboratories have adopted their use to investigate swimming and underwater treadmill running. However, little is known about the hydrodynamic characteristics of these RSFs and how they might influence outcomes. The purpose was to determine hydrodynamic flow characteristics of an RSF at the manufacturers' set “speeds” around the centroid of flow projection. Hydrodynamic velocity profiles were collected through a 3D profiling velocimeter, sampling at 200 Hz in an RSF. Data were collected 0.5 and 1.5 m from the projection channel at designated flume “speeds” of 30–95 (+99) in 5-unit increments. Velocity data were collected for 1 minute per trial (location × speed) to determine mean flow velocity (MFV) for 10, 20, 30, and 40 cm2 cross-sectional areas (CSAs). A two-way ANOVA was conducted comparing CSAs from the surface by distance from the current channel (4 × 2). Separate ANOVAs were conducted to assess differences in MFV across each CSA. Significant differences between flow CSAs indicated that MFV is less for a larger area at the same speed, indicative of variable and turbulent flow characteristics across the respective CSAs. Mean flow velocity was further diminished by distance from the flow channel as supported by the main effect, thus exposing an individual to variant flow velocities simultaneously. Limited stability of the flow velocity centroid could affect swim mechanics making the movement pattern no longer analogous to traditional pool and open water swimming, rather resembling swimming upstream in a river with turbulent flow.
Repeated Short-Term Bouts of Hyperoxia Improve Aerobic Performance in Acute Hypoxia
Authors: Faulhaber Martin , Schneider Sina , Rausch Linda K. , Dünnwald Tobias , Menz Verena , Gatterer Hannes , Kennedy Michael D. , Schobersberger Wolfgang
Published: September 2023

Faulhaber, M, Schneider, S, Rausch, LK, Dünnwald, T, Menz, V, Gatterer, H, Kennedy, MD, and Schobersberger, W. Repeated short-term bouts of hyperoxia improve aerobic performance in acute hypoxia. J Strength Cond Res 37(10): 2016–2022, 2023—This study aimed to test the effects of repeated short-term bouts of hyperoxia on maximal 5-minute cycling performance under acute hypoxic conditions (3,200 m). Seventeen healthy and recreationally trained individuals (7 women and 10 men) participated in this randomized placebo-controlled cross-over trial. The procedures included a maximal cycle ergometer test and 3 maximal 5-minute cycling time trials (TTs). TT1 took place in normoxia and served for habituation and reference. TT2 and TT3 were conducted in normobaric hypoxia (15.0% inspiratory fraction of oxygen). During TT2 and TT3, the subjects were breathing through a face mask during five 15-second periods. The face mask was connected through a nonrebreathing T valve to a 300-L bag filled with 100% oxygen (intermittent hyperoxia) or ambient hypoxic air (placebo). The main outcome was the mean power output during the TT. Statistical significance level was set at p < 0.05. The mean power output was higher in the intermittent hyperoxia compared with the placebo condition (255.5 ± 49.6 W vs. 247.4 ± 48.2 W, p = 0.001). Blood lactate concentration and ratings of perceived exertion were significantly lower by about 9.7 and 7.3%, respectively, in the intermittent hyperoxia compared with the placebo condition, whereas heart rate values were unchanged. IH application increased arterial oxygen saturation (82.9 ± 2.6% to 92.4 ± 3.3%, p < 0.001). Repeated 15-second bouts of hyperoxia, applied during high-intensity exercise in hypoxia, are sufficient to increase power output. Future studies should focus on potential dose-response effects and the involved mechanisms.
Effects of Low-Intensity Torque-Matched Isometric Training at Long and Short Muscle Lengths of the Hamstrings on Muscle Strength and Hypertrophy: A Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Nakao Sayaka , Ikezoe Tome , Taniguchi Masashi , Motomura Yoshiki , Hirono Tetsuya , Nojiri Shusuke , Hayashi Remi , Tanaka Hiroki , Ichihashi Noriaki
Published: September 2023

Nakao, S, Ikezoe, T, Taniguchi, M, Motomura, Y, Hirono, T, Nojiri, S, Hayashi, R, Tanaka, H, and Ichihashi, N. Effects of low-intensity torque-matched isometric training at long and short muscle lengths of the hamstrings on muscle strength and hypertrophy: A randomized controlled study. J Strength Cond Res 37(10): 1978–1984, 2023—This study investigated the effects of low-intensity torque-matched isometric training on muscle hypertrophy and strengthening at long (LL) and short muscle lengths (SL). Twenty-eight young subjects completed an 8-week hamstring isometric training program (30% of maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) × 5 s × 20 repetitions × 5 sets × 3 times/week) at 30° knee flexion (LL) or 90° knee flexion (SL). The cross-sectional area (CSA) of the hamstrings and MVC were measured before and after the intervention. The active torque because of muscle contraction was calculated by subtracting the passive torque at rest from the total torque (30% MVC). The active torque was significantly lower in the LL training group than in the SL training group (p < 0.01), whereas there was no between-group difference in total torque during training. For CSA and MVC at 30° knee flexion, the split-plot analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed no significant time × group interaction; however, it did show a significant main effect of time (p < 0.05), indicating a significant increase after training intervention. As for MVC at 90° knee flexion, there was a significant time × group interaction (p < 0.05) and a significant simple main effect of time in both the LL (p < 0.01; Cohen's d effect size [ES] = 0.36) and SL (p < 0.01; ES = 0.64) training groups. Therefore, low-intensity isometric training at LL can induce hypertrophy and strengthening, even in cases where the active torque production is lower than that at SL, whereas the training at SL may be more effective for muscle strengthening at SL.
La tecnología y la comunicación en las ventas de las tiendas comerciales detail. Caso de estudio MULTISA CAD
Authors: Vilcacundo Pérez Omar , Bonilla-Jurado Diego
Published: September 2023

A nivel mundial la comunicación entre las personas ha sido un pilar fundamental en su crecimiento tanto en lo intelectual como empresarial, el objetivo de la investigación fue determinar la influencia de la tecnología en la comunicación de ventas en las tiendas comerciales detail. Caso de estudio Multisa CAD, la metodología usada fue el cuantitativo descriptivo, la idea es detallar la influencia de la variable independiente que es la tecnología y la comunicación de ventas donde se ha planteado la hipótesis a resolver. El número de personas encuestadas corresponde a la línea de ventas que mantiene Multisa CAD donde distribuye en las tiendas comerciales detail, cabe recalcar que al ser una población establecida como caso de estudio fue necesario contar con todos los dueños de las tiendas centradas en el análisis de los integrantes a estudiar el resultado de consistencia interna de Alpha de Cronbach obtenida en el procesamiento fueron de 0, 972 comprobando la validación del contenido, la población encuestada no sigue una distribución normal dando como resultado el análisis estadístico no paramétrico conociendo, una prueba de bondad de ajuste con el objetivo de identificar y aplicar el coeficiente de correlación. El resultado asintótico (bilateral) establece una distribución inferior los valores de significancia por debajo de 0.050 en las variables de estudio. Después de calcular las variables aplicadas con el coeficiente se obtiene el valor de r= 0.939 que se acerca al grado 0.1 demostrando que existe una correlación fuerte positiva entre la variable dependiente e independiente. Este análisis no establece relación de causalidad, es decir, no predice causa – efecto entre las dos variables, para esto, se utilizó la regresión lineal y poder evidenciarla dando un incremento marginal a la variable X; y se logra cuantificar alguna relación entre dos variables, diciendo que Y depende de X.
What Rats Reveal about Cooking in Late Medieval Japan
Authors: Rath Eric C.
Published: September 2023

The Illustrated Rat’s Tale (Nezumi no sōshi emaki), an anonymous Japanese picture scroll created between 1550–1650, depicts a rat wedding banquet, and for a period with few other visual references of cooking, it is an important source for understanding the staff and procedures for food preparation in elite warrior households, which it emulates. The wedding party of the rat lord takes inspiration from the festivities for late medieval (1400–1600) warlords, and it includes rodent equivalents of the great performers and cultural influencers of the age. Analysis reveals the gendered division of labor and status in the duties of food preparation in a late medieval (rodent) warrior household with male chefs in charge of flavoring and carving at the top of the kitchen hierarchy and female servants performing manual labor outside at the bottom. For both rats and humans, the picture scroll further demonstrates that food played a powerful role in the representation of authority.
Pemberdayaan Pengurus Bumdes dan Wirausaha Baru di Desa Suka Agung Barat Kecamatan Bulok, Kabupaten Tanggamus
Authors: Efendi Nur , Waluyo Sri , Ibrahim Gusri Akhyar
Published: September 2023

Desa Suka Agung Barat merupakan salah satu Desa yang memiliki potensi ekonomi yang besar di Kecamatan Bulok Kabupaten Tanggamus.  Beberapa komoditas yang dihasilkan diantaranya adalah pepaya, pisang, dan kakao.  Disamping sebagai petani, sebagian besar penduduk berternak kambing sebagai salah satu sumber penghasilan keluarga.  Kurangnya pengetahuan dan keterampilan masyarakat menyebabkan mereka belum mampu menciptakan ketahanan ekonomi Desa.  Tujuan dari program pemberdayaan ini adalah meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan pengurus Bumdes dan wirausaha baru dalam mengelola usaha.  Program pemberdayaan ini mencakup kegiatan penyuluhan, pelatihan, dan pendampingan selama selama bulan Agustus dan September 2020.  Materi yang diberikan dalam kegiatan ini meliputi manajemen usaha usaha kecil, manajemen keuangan, manajemen pemasaran dan manajemen usaha ternak kambing. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan bahwa kegiatan pemberdayaan telah berhasil meningkatkan pengetahuan peserta sebesar 94,96% dan  terdapat 3 (tiga) peserta yang sudah menerapkan pembukuan dalam usahanya.
Penerapan Sentrifugal Pump Sebagai Upaya Meningkatkan Kualitas Sistem Irigasi Tambak Udang di Desa Serangan Kecamatan Bonang Kabupaten Demak
Authors: Septiyanto Angga , Budiman Febrian Arif , Sudiyono Sudiyono , Musyono Ari Dwi Nur Indriawan , Rahardjo Winarno Dwi , Kuncahyo Wahyu Ady Priyo
Published: September 2023

Sistem irigasi air tambak berpengaruh terhadap stabilitas salinitas air payau, dimana hal tersebut akan berefek pada kelangsungan hidup udang. Udang vaname dapat tumbuh dengan optimal ketika berada pada media air payau dan dengan sirkulasi pergantian air yang baik dan teratur. Sistem irigasi yang kurang tepat dapat mengakibatkan pencampuran air laut dan air tawar tidak sesuai, sehingga air menjadi asin. Selain itu kurangnya suplai air dalam sistem irigasi menyebabkan sirkulasi air tambak tidak optimal. Untuk itu diperlukan sistem irigasi yang mampu mengalirkan air sungai ke dalam tambak udang untuk menjaga salinitas air payau dan sirkulasi air dalam tambak. Tujuan dari kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah petani tambak udang diharapkan memperhatikan sistem irigasi yang ada di tambak selama proses budidaya udang vaname, dengan cara membuat sistem irigasi yang sesuai dengan lingkungan tambak. Karena udang vaname akan dapat tumbuh dengan baik apabila berada di tambak dengan media air payau. Jika sistem irigasi tidak mampu menyuplai air sungai ke tambak dengan optimal, maka air dalam tambak akan menjadi asin, dan air payau cenderung menjadi air laut, hal tersebut akan mempengaruhi hasil panen apabila udang vaname tidak mampu tumbuh dengan optimal. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengabdian ini adalah, penyuluhan, pengadaan alat dan penerapan sentrifugal pump pada sistem irigasi air tambak. Pompa sentrifugal dipilih karena daya hisap dan tekan yang bagus, sehingga cocok digunakan untuk mensuplai aliran air sungai ke dalam tambak udang. Dalam pelaksanaannya tim pengabdian menggandeng pelaku bidang usaha tambak udang sebagai narahubung dalam kegiatan sosisalisasi kepada petani tambak udang di desa Serangan, Bonang, Demak. Selain itu pendampingan akan dilakukan oleh tim pengabdian untuk memastikan bahwa sistem irigasi bekerja dengan baik dan dapat meningkatkan hasil panen udang vaname yang dibudidaya oleh petani tambak udang desa Serangan, Bonang Demak. Petani udang di Desa Serangan, Kecamatan Bonang dapat mengetahui pentingnya sistem irigasi air tambak sebelum melakukan penaburan bibit udang vaname. Meningkatnya pengetahuan tentang bagaimana mengatur sistem irigasi air tambak menggunakan pompa sentrifugal yang dapat membuat debit air menjadi optimal bagi kelompok petani udang vaname di desa Serangan, Kecamatan Bonang, Demak. Persiapan sistem irigasi air tambak yang baik oleh petani udang desa Serangan, Bonang Kabupaten Demak, dapat mempengaruhi kualitas budidaya udang vaname.
Peningkatan Pemahaman Pentingnya Vaksinasi Melalui Sosialisasi Guna Mendorong Terbentuknya Herd Immunity
Authors: Maulinda Lusi , Rusli Wafir Falah , Khaerunnisa Aflah Alfiyyah , Kusumastuti Nike Widya
Published: September 2023

Covid-19 atau virus SARS-CoV-2 terdeteksi di China pada akhir 2019 untuk pertama kalinya. Pada Juni 2021, virus ini telah menyebar ke seluruh dunia dan menyebabkan lebih dari 178 juta kasus yang dikonfirmasi serta 3,9 juta kematian. Dunia dan Indonesia terus mencari cara untuk mencegah virus ini perkembang, dimulai dari adanya pengadaan social distancing yang diikuti dengan kegiatan work from home, penyebaran virus ini dapat terhambat. Perilaku penduduk Indonesia khususnya warga Desa Wonorejo Kecamatan Karanganyar Demak yang sering kali melanggar protokol kesehatan menjadi sumber kekhawatiran tersendiri munculnya klaster baru. Selain itu, ketidakpercayaan masyarakat terhadap virus ini yang hanya menganggap sebagai kebohongan pemerintah semata. Sehingga masyarakat cenderung acuh dengan program vaksin yang diselenggarakan oleh pemerintah. Tujuan dari kegiatan pengabdian ini untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan pemahaman warga mengenai vaksinasi Covid-19 serta mengetahui respon dan dampak sosialisasi vaksin. Pengabdian ini dilakukan melalui beberapa tahapan antara lain tahap survei dan studi lapangan, perencanaan kegiatan yang meliputi penyusunan materi dan penyesuaian pelaksanaan kegiatan, pelaksanaan kegiatan sosialisasi yang dilaksanakan secara daring melalui aplikasi whatsapp grup PKK dan secara door to door ke rumah warga. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan dan pemahaman yang signifikan mengenai pentingnya vaksin setelah dilaksanakannya sosialisasi pentingnya vaksinasi.
Influence of metabolic syndrome and lifestyle factors on thyroid nodules in Chinese adult men: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Wan Ziyu , Li Ying , Dong Xiaoqian , Kang Yue , Luo Juan , Wang Jiangang , Yang Pingting , Wang Yaqin , Duan Yinglong , Xie Jianfei , Cheng Andy S K
Published: September 2023

Introduction

Given the high prevalence of thyroid nodules and the potential for malignancy, it is imperative to understand the various factors that contribute to their development. This study aimed to explore the relationship between metabolic syndrome, lifestyle, and thyroid nodules in adult men in southern China.

Methods

This study enrolled a total of 183,990 subjects at a medical examination center in a general hospital in southern China between January 1, 2015, and December 31, 2020. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was utilized to evaluate the relationship between metabolic syndrome, lifestyle factors, and thyroid nodules. Furthermore, structural equation modeling elucidated the intricate relationships among these variables.

Results

The prevalence of thyroid nodules among Chinese adult males was 14.9%. Several factors were identified as risk factors for thyroid nodules, including advanced age, irregular meal time, smoking or quitting smoking, quitting drinking, heavy manual labor, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia and centripetal obesity, and those belonging to ethnic minorities and drinking alcohol were found to be protective factors against thyroid nodules. Structural equation modeling highlighted metabolic syndrome's mediating role amidst lifestyle influences on thyroid nodules.

Conclusion

The prevalence of thyroid nodules in Chinese adult males is relatively moderate to low. The factors identified in this study can help clinicians identify high-risk patients and develop targeted screening strategies for the timely detection of thyroid nodules. However, further mechanistic research and longitudinal studies are necessary to explore the underlying causes and establish causal relationships.
Linguistics Colloquium 58: Linguistic Diversity in the World and for the World
Authors: Volungevičienė Skaistė , Šinkūnienė Jolanta , Valiukienė Vita
Published: September 2023

The thematic area of this year’s Conference is linguistic diversity, which we understand as diversity of cultures, diversity of attitudes and values reflected in language, and opportunities for mutual understanding and cultural enrichment. Linguistic diversity is exciting not only as a phenomenon by itself, but also as an object of research, which makes it possible to draw interesting parallels from typological and comparative perspectives as well as to investigate individual languages and viewpoints expressed in them.  

Linguistic diversity is also closely connected with multilingualism, which emphasises the individual and communicative aspects of linguistic diversity. In many everyday situations people communicate in several languages. Multilingual individuals or groups are more the rule than the exception, which is especially relevant in the context of small countries and small languages. Multilingualism is a way to deal with linguistic diversity on an individual level, as linguistic diversity highlights the necessity of speaking more than one language in order to understand the world and human beings better. Therefore, the topic of linguistic diversity also embraces the possibilities of learning several languages.
Empowering the LMIC hinterlands with compatible technologies for neonatal care – the resilience of a research group
Authors: O. Amadi Hippolite
Published: September 2023

Background: High neonatal mortality rate (NMR) in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) might not be resolved until rural healthcare facilities are empowered with sustainable frugal technologies and procedures. Needed technologies may not rely on cutting-edge systems of the high-income countries (HIC), which require much funding and well-established public infrastructure to thrive. Rather, tailored non-conventional designs that are compatible with the deficiencies at low-income settings must take center stage. Study design: A multistage strategy was designed to identify and resolve the technology and knowledge gaps responsible for high NMR and rural community deficiencies militating against neonatal interventions within the primary healthcare settings in Nigeria. Methods: We concluded many scientific investigations and developed interventions over 25 years period to resolve the various factors militating against neonatal survival in Nigeria. Unconventional ideas relying on solar powered systems and easily available local materials were developed, trialed, and commissioned at various times across 31 tertiary hospitals spanning all regions of Nigeria. Stand-alone studies or solutions-creation, amidst discouraging situations, were individually completed, peer-reviewed, and journal-published. The full package of technologies was finally assembled to launch a community empowerment strategy – the Neonatal Rescue Scheme – to generate integrated proof of concept. Finding: The number of early neonatal deaths and overall NMR drastically reduced at participating centers. Conclusions: This Rescue-Scheme strategy could revolutionize neonatal healthcare in low-income countries and drastically reduce Nigeria’s corporate NMR if properly adopted. Clinical evidence: Recent studies of the Scheme and various combinations of its neonatal technologies have demonstrated significant clinical evidence of NMR-reduction, e.g., overall NMR fell from 90/’00 to 4/’00 as published by Amina-center Minna Nigeria 2023; early mortality fell from 81% to 0% - University of Abuja Teaching Hospital Nigeria 2017, etc.
Newborn Screening for Neurodevelopmental Disorders May Exacerbate Health Disparities
Authors: Sobotka Sarah A. , Ross Lainie Friedman
Published: September 2023

Newborn screening (NBS) began in the early 1960s with screening for phenylketonuria on blood collected on filter paper. The number of conditions included in NBS programs expanded significantly with the adoption of tandem mass spectrometry. The recommended uniform screening panel provides national guidance and has reduced state variability. Universality and uniformity have been supported to promote equity. Recently, a number of researchers have suggested expanding NBS to include genomic sequencing to identify all genetic disorders in newborns. This has been specifically suggested for genes that increase the risk for neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), with the presumption that early identification in the newborn period would reduce disabilities. We offer arguments to show that genomic sequencing of newborns for NDDs risks exacerbating disparities. First, the diagnosis of NDD requires clinical expertise, and both genetic and neurodevelopmental expertise are in short supply, leading to disparities in access to timely follow-up. Second, therapies for children with NDDs are insufficient to meet their needs. Increasing early identification for those at risk who may never manifest developmental delays could shift limited resources to those children whose parents are more poised to advocate, worsening disparities in access to services. Rather, we suggest an alternative: genomic sequencing of all children with diagnosed NDDs. This focused strategy would have the potential to target genomic sequencing at children who manifest NDDs across diverse populations which could better improve our understanding of contributory genes to NDDs.
Sex and Gender Differences in Ventricular Arrhythmias
Authors: Warnock Rachel Koch , Modi Roshan D , Westerman Stacy B
Published: September 2023

Ventricular arrhythmias, including ventricular tachycardia and VF, commonly occur in patients with underlying cardiomyopathy. Sex differences exist in almost every aspect of ventricular arrhythmia from epidemiology, anatomy, and physiology to management and response to therapy. Some of these may be attributed to variations in etiology, types, and rates of cardiomyopathy as well as biological differences between males and females, but the full explanation for these differences remains incomplete. Additionally, women have been underrepresented in many trials studying therapies for ventricular arrhythmias including ICD placement and ablation; thus, there remains a need for continued research in this population. This review will discuss the differences between the sexes as well as outline opportunities for future research in women with ventricular arrhythmias.
Análise espacial dos óbitos por tuberculose em um estado do nordeste brasileiro
Authors: Santos Vandiel Barbosa , Santos Alcione Miranda dos , Soeiro Vanessa Moreira da Silva , Caldas Arlene de Jesus Mendes
Published: September 2023

Introdução: A tuberculose é um importante problema de saúde pública e atinge de maneira dessemelhante os espaços geográficos.
Objetivo: analisar a distribuição espacial dos óbitos por tuberculose no Maranhão (Brasil) e sua associação com indicadores socioeconômicos.
Método: Estudo ecológico dos óbitos por tuberculose no Maranhão, no período de 2010 a 2015, com unidade de análise, os municípios. Utilizou-se o índice de Moran global, correlograma e espalhamento do índice de Moran e para avaliar a associação espacial de óbitos por tuberculose com os indicadores socioeconômicos foram ajustados diferentes modelos espaciais condicionais autoregressivos.
Resultados: No período, foram notificados 949 óbitos por tuberculose. Identificou-se uma forte dependência espacial na ocorrência dos óbitos. Por meio do modelo autoregressivo ajustado, constatou-se que aproximadamente 12% dos municípios possuem mais que 75% de chance de ocorrer um óbito por tuberculose e que o norte e a parte central do Estado são as regiões que concentram as maiores probabilidades de óbito.
Conclusão: Houve forte dependência espacial na ocorrência de óbitos por TB, sendo esta afetada pelas taxas das áreas vizinhas. O índice de desenvolvimento humano municipal esteve negativamente associado com a taxa de óbitos por tuberculose e a renda média per capita apresentou associação positiva.
Efeito da terapia floral na fadiga por compaixão em residentes de enfermagem: estudo piloto
Authors: Fedel Isabelle Lourenço , Gnatta Juliana Rizzo , Turrini Ruth Natalia Teresa
Published: September 2023

Introdução: O residente de enfermagem está exposto a estresses e desgastes que impactam em sua qualidade de vida profissional. Nesse sentido, as práticas integrativas e complementares de saúde podem contribuir para promover o bem-estar físico, mental e espiritual.
Objetivo: Verificar o efeito da terapia floral nos componentes da qualidade de vida profissional (fadiga por compaixão – Burnout e Estresse Traumático Secundário – e satisfação por compaixão) em residentes de enfermagem no contexto da pandemia de COVID-19.
Metodologia: Estudo piloto quase-experimental do tipo antes e depois, com 16 enfermeiros residentes de hospitais de ensino, que responderam um questionário sociodemográfico e uma escala Professional Quality of Life Scale 4 (ProQOL-4), e utilizaram a fórmula emergencial associada ao Walnut dos Florais de Bach (FiveW) por três semanas com follow up após três semanas. Os dados foram analisados descritivamente e o efeito da intervenção pelo teste t-Student e pelo modelo de efeitos mistos, com nível de significância de 5%. 
Resultados: A terapia floral auxiliou na redução do escore da subescala Estresse Traumático Secundário do ProQOL-4 (p=0,017), com efeito residual após o follow up. Houve interação do ano da residência e especialidade do programa nas subescalas Satisfação por Compaixão e Burnout; e área de especialização da residência e adoecimento de pessoa próxima por COVID-19 no Estresse Traumático Secundário e Burnout (p<0,05).
Conclusão: A fórmula floral FiveW mostrou redução dos escores do Estresse Traumático Secundário, evidenciando que a terapia floral pode contribuir como estratégia complementar para melhora da qualidade de vida profissional.
Reserve mobilization and secondary metabolites during seed germination and seedling establishment of the tree Erythrina velutina (Fabaceae)
Authors: Azevedo-da-Silva Diego Augusto , Alves-de-Oliveira Danilo Flademir , Bezerra-de-Oliveira Herley Carlos , Feitosa Thadeu Martins , Da Silva Ivanice Bezerra , Giordani Raquel Brandt , Voigt Eduardo Luiz
Published: September 2023

Introduction: The lack of knowledge on seed germination and seedling establishment is a main constraint for the restoration of degraded areas, including the tropical dry forest known as Caatinga. Objective: To assess reserve and secondary metabolite mobilization during seed germination and seedling establishment in Erythina velutina. Methods: We scarified, disinfected, imbibed, sown between towel paper, and incubated seeds under controlled conditions. We hydroponically cultivated seedlings in a greenhouse. We harvested cotyledons at seed imbibition, radicle protrusion, hypocotyl emergence, apical hook formation and expansion of cordiform leaves, first trifoliate leaf, and second trifoliate leaf. Results: Seeds contained approximately 20 % starch, 14.5 storage proteins, 11.6 neutral lipids, and 5.7 % non-reducing sugars on a dry weight basis. Soluble sugars were mainly consumed from hypocotyl emergence to apical hook formation, while major reserves were mobilized from apical hook formation to expansion of first trifoliate leaf. Enzymatic activity increased from mid to late seedling establishment, causing the mobilization of starch, oils, and proteins. Terpenoid-derivatives, flavonoids, phenolic acids, and alkaloids were detected. Flavonoids and phenolic acids were present at almost all stages and terpenoid-derivatives disappeared at expansion of cordiform leaves. Conclusion: Soluble sugars support early seedling growth, while starch, oils and proteins are simultaneously mobilized from mid to late establishment by amylases, lipases, and acid proteases. The cotyledons contain secondary metabolites, which may act in seedling defense. High content of reserves and presence of secondary metabolites in the cotyledons could enable E. velutina seedlings endure stress, validating their use in the restoration of degraded areas.
Herramientas de corte para optimizar parámetros de clasificación de especies maderables con redes neuronales convolucionales
Authors: Centeno Thonny Behyker , Ferreira Cassiana , Inga Janet Gaby , Vélez Andrés , Huacho Raul , Vidal Osir Daygor , Moya Sthefany Madjory , Reyes Danessa Clarita , Goytendia Walter Emilio , Ascue Benji Steve , Tomazello-Filho Mario
Published: September 2023

Introducción: La gran diversidad de especies maderables tropicales demanda el desarrollo de nuevas tecnologías de identificación con base en sus patrones o características anatómicas. La aplicación de redes neuronales convolucionales (CNN) para el reconocimiento de especies maderables tropicales se ha incrementado en los últimos años por sus resultados prometedores. Objetivo: Evaluamos la calidad de las imágenes macroscópicas con tres herramientas de corte para mejorar la visualización y distinción de las características anatómicas en el entrenamiento del modelo CNN. Métodos: Recolectamos las muestras entre el 2020 y 2021 en áreas de explotación forestal y aserraderos de Selva Central, Perú. Luego, las dimensionamos y, previo a la identificación botánica y anatómica, las cortamos en secciones transversales. Generamos una base de datos de imágenes macroscópicas de la sección transversal de la madera, a través del corte, con tres herramientas para ver su rendimiento en el laboratorio, campo y puesto de control. Resultados: Usamos tres herramientas de corte para obtener una alta calidad de imágenes transversales de la madera; obtuvimos 3 750 imágenes macroscópicas con un microscopio portátil que corresponden a 25 especies maderables. El cuchillo “Tramontina” es duradero, pero pierde el filo con facilidad y se necesita una herramienta para afilar, el cúter retráctil “Pretul” es adecuado para madera suave y dura en muestras pequeñas de laboratorio; el cuchillo “Ubermann” es apropiado para el campo, laboratorio y puesto de control, porque tiene una envoltura duradera y láminas intercambiables en caso de pérdida de filo. Conclusiones: La calidad de las imágenes es decisiva en la clasificación de especies maderables, porque permite una mejor visualización y distinción de las características anatómicas en el entrenamiento con los modelos de red neuronal convolucional EfficientNet B0 y Custom Vision, lo cual se evidenció en las métricas de precisión.
Litterfall and nutrient transfer dynamics in a successional gradient of tropical dry forest in Colombia
Authors: Montañez-S Angie , Avella-M Andrés , López Camacho René
Published: September 2023

Introduction: The litterfall production, foliar nutrient dynamics and decomposition are essential to maintain nutrient cycling, soil fertility, and carbon regulation in terrestrial ecosystems. With several studies addressing the variation of these processes, their dynamics in tropical dry forests (TDFs) remain unclear, due to its complex interaction of biotic and abiotic factors. Objective: To evaluate litterfall, nutrient potential return and use efficiency, and decomposition variation in a TDF successional gradient in Tolima, Colombia. Methods: We quantified litterfall from November 2017 to October 2019 in 12 plots distributed in four successional stages: initial, early, intermediate, and late forests. We identified key tree species in foliar litter production and characterized the foliar decomposition of these species. At the community level, we quantified the C, N and P potential return, the N and P use efficiency, and the C:N and N:P ratio. Subsequently, we analyze relationships between vegetation characteristics and some soil chemical properties with these ecological processes. Results: We found that total litterfall in late forests (8.46 Mg ha-1 y-1) was double that found in initial forests (4.45 Mg ha-1 y-1). Decomposition was higher in initial (k = 1.28) compared to intermediate (k = 0.97) and late forests (k = 0.87). The nutrient potential return didn’t change along succession, but it did show differences between study sites. The structural development and species richness favored litterfall, while soil chemical conditions influenced nutrient returns and decomposition. Conclusions: TDFs could recover key ecosystem function related to litterfall and nutrient dynamics after disturbances cessation; however, the soil quality is fundamental in return and release of nutrients.