bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Does preoperative forward elevation weakness affect clinical outcomes in anatomic or reverse total shoulder arthroplasty patients with glenohumeral osteoarthritis and intact rotator cuff?
Authors: Hones Keegan M. , Hao Kevin A. , Buchanan Timothy R. , Trammell Amy P. , Wright Jonathan O. , Wright Thomas W. , LaMonica Tyler J. , Schoch Bradley S. , King Joseph J.
Published: July 2024

Background: This study sought to determine if preoperative forward elevation (FE) weakness affects outcomes of anatomic (aTSA) and reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (rTSA) for patients with rotator cuff-intact glenohumeral osteoarthritis (RCI-GHOA).Methods: A retrospective review of a single institution’s prospectively collected shoulder arthroplasty database was performed between 2007 and 2020, including 333 aTSAs and 155 rTSAs for primary RCI-GHOA with a minimum 2-year follow-up. Defining preoperative weakness as FE strength ≤4.9 lb (2.2 kg), three cohorts were matched 1:1:1 by age, sex, and follow-up: weak (n=82) to normal aTSAs, weak (n=44) to normal rTSAs, and weak aTSAs (n=61) to weak rTSAs. Compared outcomes included range of motion, outcome scores, and complication and revision rates at latest follow-up.Results: Weak aTSAs and weak rTSAs achieved similar postoperative outcome measures to normal aTSAs and normal rTSAs, respectively (P>0.05). Compared to weak rTSAs, weak aTSAs achieved superior postoperative passive (P=0.006) and active external rotation (ER) (P=0.014) but less favorable postoperative Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (P=0.032), American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (P=0.024), and University of California, Los Angeles scores (P=0.008). Weak aTSAs achieved the minimal clinically important difference and substantial clinical benefit at a lower rate for abduction (P=0.045 and P=0.003) and FE (P=0.011 and P=0.001). Weak aTSAs had a higher revision rate (P=0.025) but a similar complication rate (P=0.291) compared to weak rTSAs.Conclusions: Patients with RCI-GHOA and preoperative FE weakness obtain postoperative outcomes similar to patients with normal preoperative strength after either aTSA or rTSA. Preoperatively, weak aTSAs achieved greater ER but lower rates of clinically relevant improvement in overhead motion compared to weak rTSAs.Level of evidence: III.
EFFICACY, SAFETY, AND PATIENT OUTCOMES OF EMERGENCY TREATMENT WITH IV INSULIN-DEXTROSE IN PATIENTS WITH HYPERKALEMIA
Authors: ASHRAF H , KHURRAM F , ASHRAF F
Published: July 2024

Hyperkalemia is a potentially life-threatening condition often encountered in emergency settings. Insulin-dextrose infusion is a common treatment to rapidly lower serum potassium levels, but this approach carries risks, particularly related to glucose imbalances. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy, safety, and clinical outcomes of insulin-dextrose infusion in the emergency treatment of patients with hyperkalemia. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in the Emergency Department of Shifa International Hospital Islamabad from June 2023 to June 2024. The study included 400 patients with recorded potassium levels. Patients were categorized into non-hyperkalemic (K+ <5.5 mmol/L) and hyperkalemic (K+ ≥ 5.5 mmol/L) groups. Hyperkalemic patients received an insulin-dextrose infusion consisting of an average of 10 units of Actrapid insulin and 50 milliliters of 50% dextrose. Clinical outcomes, including efficacy and safety, were compared between treated hyperkalemic patients and those with moderate-severe hyperkalemia who did not receive the treatment. Statistical analysis was performed using odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) to assess the association between treatment variables and outcomes. Results: Glucose imbalances were observed in 60% of patients treated with insulin, with 50% developing hyperglycemia and 20% experiencing hypoglycemia, including 5% with severe hypoglycemia six hours post-treatment. Factors significantly associated with hypoglycemia included multiple insulin doses (OR: 2.9, 95% CI: 2.0-3.9), chronic kidney disease (CKD) (OR: 1.3, 95% CI: 1.0-2.1), and baseline glucose levels below seven mmol/L (OR: 3.0, 95% CI: 2.2-4.2). Hypoglycemic patients had a higher risk of mortality (OR: 1.49, 95% CI: 1.11-2.11). ICU admission occurred in three patients treated with insulin, with a higher risk associated with multiple doses (OR: 1.8, 95% CI: 1.4-2.9) and insulin doses greater than ten units (OR: 5.3, 95% CI: 2.9-10). Conclusion: The use of insulin-dextrose infusion in the emergency management of hyperkalemia is associated with a significant risk of hypoglycemia, ICU admission, and prolonged hospital stay. These findings suggest the need for improved treatment protocols to enhance patient safety in emergency settings.
The Impact of Flipped Classroom Instructional Strategy on 7th Grade Students Reading Comprehension in Jordan: An Empirical Study
Authors: Yahya Shaima Mokhemer , El-Freihat Sara Mohammad , Alwama Hussein Ali Mohammed , Omar Rima Asaad Abdul Jawad Abu
Published: July 2024

The current study investigated the impact of flipped classroom instructional strategy on 7th grade student's reading comprehension in Jordan. A semi-experimental pre-posttest design was used through a sample consisting of (43) female students from the 7th grade selected purposefully. These were randomly assigned into two groups, the experimental group consisted of (23) female students and the control group consisted of (20) female students. The experimental groups were taught through the Flipped Classroom strategy, whereas the control group was taught according to the guidelines and procedures of teaching reading from the teacher's book. The study's results revealed a statistically significant difference between the means scores of students of the experimental and control groups and reading comprehension posttest in favor of the experimental group taught using a flipped classroom. This study may help language students capitalize on simple and interesting technology such as CDs, DVDs, Electronic platforms, and interactive applications for presenting educational materials.
The Mode 3 Networked University
Authors: Matthews Adam
Published: July 2024

The idea of a modern university is a constantly changing and often contested concept. This paper traces the idea of a university using three modes. These modes are the Mode 1 Ivory Tower, Mode 2 Factory and Mode 3 Network. This framework draws upon higher education literature as well as three modes of knowledge production. I use these modes as a framework to describe the genealogical and historical development of the university in the Western world. These however are not purely historical and elements of their characteristics can be found within and between university institutions today. A genealogy shows a historical path dependency (i.e a teaching and research institution) of the idea of a university and a new materialism perspective shows the coming together of the many elements of the network assemblage which includes the discourse on the idea of a university clashing with new ideas, technologies and policy. The growth and development of the modern university from small, autonomous, elite and autonomous in mode 1 to large, mass regulated factory with marketplace outputs within neoliberal societies is well documented. The Mode 3 Network University is emerging with a potential for universal access with networked societies and technologies and has many actors influencing its becoming and idea. The 2020 Covid-19 pandemic and a broadening multidisciplinary approach to the field of Networked Learning has been called for and I introduce the possibility of theoretically analysing the becoming and enactment of the Mode 3 Network University using concepts and frameworks from the broad field of New Materialism. Such approaches take into account the complex assemblage and network of actors which are human and non-human in the growing and diversifying university. The growth and marketisation of the university has added to this complexity with commercial 'unbundling' taking place. Degrees, institutions and functions are being unbundled and rebundled and this active complex network of actors including technologies, humans (academics, students, employers, wider public) and the residual path dependency of the three modes are in tension and conflict but come together to enact the modern university. New Material methodologies allow for these many influences to come together in a 'flat ontology' to allow for a more nuanced and new approach to research in Networked Learning.
Using data mining to understand how technology is expressed in curriculums to mediate learning outcomes
Authors: Wahl Christian , Gade Peter Nørkjær
Published: July 2024

The role of technology in education increases with the increasing need for students to master technology in their practice. However, mastering technology in modern practice has become increasingly complex and requires a deeper understanding of the technologies—technologies hold premises in terms of how they limit and enable actions. While correct use can improve practice, wrong use can harm and lay waste to resources and job satisfaction. Ensuring that students can manage this complexity requires that technology is actively reflected in realistic settings. However, how do the curriculums that steer education reflect the role of technology, and do the curriculums steer the learning of technology in an advantageous direction? In this study we investigate curriculums across educations to explore how technology is expressed. This exploration will be used to discuss the role of technology in education, how it is expressed in curriculums documents, and its potential advantages and problems. The exploration is done using text mining to identify and extract specific features of the natural language of the curriculums. The features extracted will be used to highlight specific patterns related to the use of technology in education. The contribution of this paper is twofold. Firstly, it provides a method for data mining to identify patterns of technological use in education, manifested in curriculums. Secondly, it shows how technology is viewed in education.
Designing for effective online Teacher Professional Development (oTPD) in building education by supporting beliefs, communities, collaboration, and development
Authors: Godsk Mikkel , Alopaeus Jelsbak Vibe , Lund Nielsen Birgitte
Published: July 2024

This article reports the initial research findings from a large project on online professional development and upskilling of in-service building teachers’ digital competencies. Based on the results from a preceding literature review and the pilot delivery of the course, three key factors for the design of effective online teacher professional development in building education — beliefs, communities and collaboration, and teaching development — are exemplified and discussed. The article concludes that the pilot was successful in developing the participants’ technical skills and competencies to introduce technology in building education; however, the pilot did not significantly influence the participants’ beliefs nor made them change practice within the duration of the course.
Critical success factors for Learning Management Systems in higher education
Authors: Otto Sofie , Overgaard Markman Anna , Svarre Tanja
Published: July 2024

Learning Management Systems count as a core component in the orchestration of learning in higher education and is widely prevalent around the world. This paper identifies the factors that are critical for learning management systems to be successful for learners. A literature review including 14 research papers forms the empirical basis and DeLone & McLean’s (2003) model of IS success is used to map the papers. The papers focus on student users of implemented learning management systems, mainly studied through surveys. The analysis shows that ‘user satisfaction’ is most generally influenced by ‘information quality’ and ‘system quality’, while ‘net benefits’ is mostly influenced by ‘user satisfaction’. The papers have either focused less on ‘service quality’, ‘use’ and ‘intention to use’, or they have not been able to identify significant correlations based on these variables. The findings are related to the role of LMS as mandatory information systems and the implications for the development of LMSs is discussed along with their role in higher education from a networked learning perspective.
The future of presence in distance learning, a speculative design approach
Authors: Carbonel Henrietta
Published: July 2024

Face-to-face teaching remains for many teachers the golden standard in education. However, learning is always emergent, dependent on the socio-material context. Sharing a physical space is one option, but with new digital technologies, alternative assemblages can create new and exciting learning environments and experiences. Based on the community of inquiry model, I consider cognitive, social, and teaching presence as central to a valuable educational experience in higher education. The aim of this research is to look at what presence could look like in the distance university of the future.
Traditional research methods, whether quantitative or qualitative, focus on what is and on linear causal effects. However, education is open, recursive, nonlinear, and new environments introduce new actors, human and material, that affect the learning and teaching. In this research, I experiment with a speculative design method to see if it can lead to opening up new possibilities and to their critical evaluation. In six speculative design workshops, teachers developed prototypes of what presence and affective closeness could look like when students and teachers were spatially and temporally distant.
I present the three main categories of prototypes that answer the needs of distance teaching creating social interactions, offering feedback, or re-creating a virtual classroom. These all show how presence can be enacted at a distance, including asynchronously. From a science-based and data-driven approach to the Virtual Reality University, via a live course map and the connected coffee cup, each prototype offers a different view of education with its opportunities, but also challenges.
The prototypes also highlight how difficult it is to change our perception of what presence could look like in higher education. I use Bourdieu’s concept of habitus to help explain the difficulty of moving away from the face-to-face experience, and how a revolutionary view rather than a marginal approach to change requires a return to the fundamental questions of how students learn, the purpose of education and the role of the teacher.
Connecting Workshops in Digital Education
Authors: Thestrup Klaus
Published: July 2024

Communication, production, experiments and play in networked learning can be so much more than just having meetings on Zoom or Teams. This text sketches out some possibilities and ways of understanding this. The text is organized in three parts based on both finished research and ongoing research since 2004. The first part presents an overall pedagogical framework in the form of a media ecology of communication and production between schools or pre-schools. The second part has to do with how a group of children and teachers can understand themselves as an experimenting community in open laboratories. Finally the third part sketches out how the actual ways of communication and production can take place in different forms of common synchronous and asynchronous workshops.
On the nature of social interactions and cognition in learning communities
Authors: Oztok Murat
Published: July 2024

Whether explicitly used as a research aim or implicitly discussed as an outcome, the concept of community is central for the networked learning research as it allows networked learning researchers to study how people perceive the networked environment as a space, wherein the members can develop relationships among one another. The underlying premise for this work is that it is erroneous to assume a learning community is a unified concept, functioning in the same way for everyone under same circumstances. Taking the contextual factors into account, this research questions the characteristics of a community that are related to learning. I explore how different types of relationships among members of a learning community are related to learning. In particular, I conceptualise the concept of community using social capital theory. Since the central tenet of social capital theory is that different relationships within networks of people hold different values, I argue that it can inform the ways by which the perceived level of learning is understood with respect to interaction patterns. The findings suggest that both distributed–diverse communications and strong–close communications are manifest in learning. However, the impact of diverse relationships on learning is considerably larger and stronger compared to denser relationships. The implications are discussed.
Designing for the materialization of networked learning spaces
Authors: Pischetola Magda , Wichmand Mette , Hall Rasmus , Dirckinck-Holmfeld Lone
Published: July 2024

The potential of a Networked Learning (NL) space comes into being when participants establish communication, build connections among each other, and create a dialogic space. Moving from this premise, this article poses a complex question: How to design for the materialization of a NL space? It bases its theoretical framework on Bakhtin’s idea of centrifugal and centripetal forces, the concepts of network core and periphery, as well as the idea of the strength of weak ties. Through these lenses, the article presents a cross-case analysis of two projects aiming at technology education in Denmark. Forces, connections, and movements are exposed and analyzed, showing the importance of unstructured communication processes that nurture a networked community. These results lead to new speculations for future educational design of NL spaces.
Soft skills training for battery gigafactories 4.0
Authors: Vincent Ann-Sofi , Norberg Anders , Bowskill Nicholas
Published: July 2024

We probably all agree that well developed soft skills are essential for any human to have, both in private social life and the workplace. However, it has recently come before our eyes (read below) that soft skills maybe even more in demand than hard technical skills, even for high-tech machine operators in Industry 4.0.
In this roundtable, we want to discuss how to integrate soft skills training in any course at any level of education. The participants inputs and contributions in discussion are essential for ongoing massive education and training development on the European level.
BRIDGES - designing a European Digital Education Hub (EDEH) to support networked digital learning as we transition from Emergency Remote Teaching (ERT) to effective post-digital education.
Authors: Fair Nicholas , Leon-Urrutia Manuel , Eradze Maka
Published: July 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the need for effective digital education across all education sectors, but perhaps especially within the HE context. Initially in 2020 the rush to continue to deliver teaching and learning to students who were no longer allowed on campus was characterised by a process of trying to emulate online what had previously been occurring offline. This included activities such as large and unwieldy online lectures and classes, often featuring the same powerpoint presentations as would be used in a face-to-face setting, and a general failure to adapt materials and pedagogies to take full advantage of the affordances presented by the digital context. This period has been coined Emergency Remote Teaching (ERT). During 2021 more co-ordinated and highly developed approaches have been explored by HE Institutions as it became clear that COVID-19 was not going away and that the long-term reality of HE teaching and learning lay in new approaches (e.g. blended learning) and new pedagogies (e.g. networked learning). This led to the rise of the post-digital education paradigm. However, across many institutions, regions and countries there remains a lack of support, resources and training for HE educators in post-digital education. The BRIDGES Erasmus+ project aims to work with European educators and learn from existing research in these areas to better understand these shortfalls and develop a digital platform - the European Digital Education Hub - to help address the gaps.
Phenomenology of Practice
Authors: Adams Catherine , Healey-Benson Felicity , Johnson Mike
Published: July 2024

Cathy Adams introduced the 2021 workshop on YouTube https://youtu.be/WTMUhULWyh4
In this video she explains something of the breadth of PoP's applications to research our students or colleagues everyday lived experiences. The workshop's method relies heavily on ideas from phenomenology's originary contributors but the emphasis is not on philosophy, rather learning by doing phenomenology. The workshop begins with a didactic session to cover some of the core phenomenological understandings, taking in questions such as, 'what exactly is lived experience?', 'why pre-reflective?', 'how does phenomenology go about studying the pre-reflective?', 'what is the reduction?', 'what is meant by "wonder in the face of the world"?'. We will explore what a phenomenological research question looks like.
Thinking through ACAD - learning to see theory in action
Authors: Castañeda Linda , Yeoman Pippa , Carvalho Lucila , Green Jenny , Esteve-Mon Francesc
Published: July 2024

The Activity-Centred Analysis and Design (ACAD) has been developed as a meta-theoretical framework for understanding and improving complex networked learning situations (Goodyear et al., 2021; Goodyear & Carvalho, 2014). ACAD helps to foreground two distinct moments related to the design of complex learning situations. The first entails advanced planning – and it involves design time – when an educator may consider the selection of specific tasks, tools, and complementary social arrangements of a learning situation. The second involves learning time – or what happens as a learning activity unfolds.
When designing for networked learning educators need to anticipate a certain form of human activity and consider how designable elements may influence what students do (first view). But educators also need to channel what actually happens on the day, as activity unfolds, noticing how designable elements influence (or not) the intended learning activity (second view). One difficulty for teachers or educational designers relates to being able to draw connections between what has been designed (planned) and what learners actually do (learn).
Symposium 2: A tentative model for sustainable pedagogical digital competence development
Authors: Bader Sebastian , Grandien Christina , Jaldemark Jimmy
Published: July 2024

This paper addresses one large university initiative for educational development aimed at further developing educations and teacher competence with a focus on technology-enhanced and lifelong learning. The aim of the paper is to describe and problematize the design of an ongoing project for educational development, Higher Education and Digitalisation (HEaD). It focuses on identifying key components of an educational development project for technology enhanced learning as well as how such a project can be organized to sustain in regular university operations. The article discusses how a project for educational development can create over-time durable infrastructures, organization, policy and motivation for maintaining a continual educational development. In the first phase of the project, a model was developed for how competence development can be conducted sustainably. This model contains two perspectives: (1) an organizational perspective that focuses on the key partners to be involved; and (2) a process perspective that focuses on activities and aims in strategic competence development projects. The tentative model with its two perspectives is described and discussed in this article as a preliminary result. The model includes four identified key entities and their roles in pedagogical digital competence development; academic departments and their faculty, educational developers, infrastructure and IT-department and the pedagogical research unit. Further, a process model based on existing support structures, complemented with activities that can be sustained after the HEaD project ends is presented.
Symposium 3: Tomorrow’s Networked Posthumans: Reflections on Artificial Intelligence and the Digital Well-Being of Young Children
Authors: Adams Catherine , Groten Sean , Yin Yin
Published: July 2024

While networked learning (NL) is most often associated with adult learning and professional work practices, examining the “ontogenetic development” of children in the context of today’s smart global networks is also relevant to NL research (Rodríguez-Illera & Barberà in NLEC et al., 2021). In this paper, we ask: What child-technology relations are being forged in our posthuman era of Artificial Intelligence (AI), big data and global networks? We begin by scoping the intensifying presence of networked, smart technologies in the home life of infants, toddlers and preschoolers; we examine recent policy frameworks regarding AI, ethics and children. We then turn to two phenomenological philosophers, Michel Serres and Bernard Stiegler to consider how their thinking about digital technologies might provide insight for parents and educators as they endeavour to make the best “smart” technology choices for children. Finally, we consider the implications of our phenomenological reflections on today’s young posthumans for networked learning and postdigital education.
Symposium 3: What is it like for a learner to participate in a Zoom Breakout Room session?
Authors: Healey-Benson Felicity , Johnson Mike , Adams Catherine , Turville Joni
Published: July 2024

Though virtual classrooms are not new, the COVID-19 pandemic sent many teachers and students online for the first time. This paper examines the use of a web-based video conferencing tool, Zoom, and in particular, the use of breakout rooms as part of a student’s learning experience. We ask: what is it like for a learner to participate in a Zoom Breakout Room session? Using Max van Manen’s (2016) phenomenology of practice, we collected learners’ lived experience descriptions of participating in a Zoom breakout room, then reflected on them phenomenologically as a way to generate new insights into this recently common online learning experience. Four moments are portrayed: a learner’s arrest at the announcement of breakout rooms; a learner’s transition into a breakout room as existential suspension; surveilling self and others in a breakout room; and exiting the breakout room as a moment of foreclosure and re-disorientation. The paper compares Zoom breakout rooms with aspects of video-gaming and notices a detriment to Freirean problem-posing education if students can avoid standing, unmediated, behind just their words, even in the relative safety of a small group of peers.
Symposium 4: Malta Networked Learning Forum 2021: Experiences and Reflections
Authors: Cutajar Maria , De Laat Maarten , Ryberg Thomas
Published: July 2024

This symposium presents 3 papers relating to the Malta-based Networked Learning (NL) Forum 2021. The first two papers review the expectations and experiences of early researchers participating in the forum. The third paper presents reflections on the hybrid modality in which the forum convened. The purpose of this symposium and its component papers looking back on a NL community initiative is to look back, inform and look ahead to future similar events which potentially serve novice researchers develop connectedness to the broader networked learning community of scholars and peer researchers.
In this symposium, we use the term ‘early researchers’ (ERs) rather than the prevalent early-career researchers (ECRs) to distinguish between the graduate and doctoral level researchers grouping which arose for the case of the NL Forum 2021 event from the overlapping doctoral and postdoctoral category to which the term ECRs more commonly refers to (McAlpine, Pyhältö, & Castelló, 2018).
Quadriceps muscle strength in patients with knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Koushada Safa , Athwair Thuria , Edawadi Hossein
Published: July 2024

Osteoarthritis is degenerative disease mainly affects weight bearing joints. Usually patients with knee osteoarthritis have pain, stiffness and functional limitation. This functional limitation might be caused by muscle weakness specially in quadriceps muscle. The hand held dynamometer is widely used in the clinical setting as a valid and reliable outcome measure, which used in this study to measure quadriceps muscle strength during supported and unsupported sitting. It can be concluded that subjects produce greater force in supported sitting than in unsupported sitting.
Interpreting Arabic Transformer Models: A Study on XAI Interpretability for Quranic Semantic Search Models
Authors: Mustafa Ahmad , Nakhleh Saja , Irsheidat Rama , Alruosan Raneem
Published: July 2024

Transformers have shown their effectiveness in various machine learning tasks. However, their “black box” nature often obscures their decision-making processes, particularly in Arabic, posing a barrier to their broader adoption and trust. This study delves into the interpretability of three Arabic transformer models that have been fine-tuned for semantic search tasks. Through a focused case study, we employ these models for retrieving information from the Holy Qur'an, leveraging Explainable AI (XAI) techniques—namely, LIME and SHAP—to shed light on the decision-making processes of these models. The paper underscores the unique challenges posed by the Qur’anic text and demonstrates how XAI can significantly boost the transparency and interpretability of semantic search systems for such complex text. Our findings reveal that applying XAI techniques to Arabic transformer models for Qur'anic content not only demystifies the models internal mechanics but also makes the insights derived from them more accessible to a broader audience. This contribution is twofold: It enriches the field of XAI within the context of Arabic semantic search and illustrates the utility of these techniques in deepening our understanding of intricate religious documents. By providing this nuanced approach to the interpretability of Arabic transformer models in the domain of semantic search, our study underscores the potential of XAI to bridge the gap between advanced machine learning technologies and the nuanced needs of users seeking to explore complex texts like the Holy Qur'an.
Our code is available at https://gist.github.com/a-mustafa/51fcacf30ecdf0c13ac91ad16fecfa89
Relationship between Lymphocyte to Monocyte Ratio and Contrast-Induced Nephropathy in Acute Coronary Syndrome patients treated with Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Elcik Deniz , Yarlioglu Mikail , Oksuz Fatih , Duran Mustafa , Inanc Mehmet
Published: July 2024

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate lymphocyte to monocyte ratio (LMR) for risk of CIN in patients with ACS undergoing PCI.
Methods: A total of 1001 ACS patients between 2017 and 2021 were included in the study. CIN was defined as an increase in serum creatinine level of ≥0.5 mg/dL or ≥ 25% above baseline within 72 hours after the procedure. Patients were divided into two groups: patients with and without CIN. Demographics, clinical risk factors, angiographic and laboratory parameters, CIN incidence, and other in hospital clinical outcomes were compared between two groups.
Results: LMR at baseline was significantly lower in patients who developed CIN compared to those who did not (2.1±0.9 and 3.9±1.7, respectively; P < 0.001). In receiver operating characteristic analysis showed that at a cutoff of ≤3, the value of LMR exhibited 80.17 % sensitivity and 70.96% specificity for detecting CIN. At multivariate analyses, LMR ≤3 value (OR 5.525, 95% CI 2.518-12.123; P < 0.001) was one of significant independent predictors of CIN.
Conclusion: Our study suggested that LMR level on admission was independently associated with the development of CIN after PCI in patients with ACS.
Comparison of clinical, hematological and serum biochemical parameters between foot-and-mouth disease infected and non-infected Nigerian breeds of cattle.
Authors: Olaogun Sunday , Ajibola Paul , Adah Osereimeh , Adenaike Emmanuel , ADELEYE Adeola
Published: July 2024

Foot and mouth disease (FMD) still remains one of the major hindrances to livestock productivity in Africa as a whole and Nigeria in particular, with estimated well over 7billions losses to FMDV infection per annum in Nigeria. We therefore sought to establish and compare the clinical, hematological and biochemical indices in FMD infected and non-infected cattle. A total of 60 cattle including 40 apparently healthy and 20 FMD-infected cattle were sampled in Central Abattoir, Akinyele and Akufo Farm settlement, Ibadan, Oyo state, Nigeria respectively. Confirmatory diagnosis was done by accessing the presented pathognomonic clinical signs and the use of rapid diagnostic Antibody detection kit. Clinical parameters were recorded, and blood was drawn through the jugular vein for hematological and biochemical profiles. Standard hematological and serum biochemical techniques were used to analyzed the samples for hematological and biochemical parameters respectively.
Results revealed higher clinical parameters in infected compared to the non-infected. All erythrocytic parameters were significantly lower in FMD infected cattle compared to non-infected cattle with P-values of 0.016, 0.015, 0.010, 0.001, 0.001 and 0.045 for PCV, Hb conc, RBC count, MCV, MCH and MCHC values respectively. Significant differences (P<0.05) of 0.001, 0.001, 0.001, 0.000, 0.001 and 0.001 for Lymphocyte, Neutrophil, Absolute lymphocyte, Absolute monocyte, Absolute neutrophil and platelets respectively. There were significant differences (P<0.05) of 0.009,0.001, 0.026, 0.001, 0.014, 0.001,0.001, 0.001, 0.001 and 0.001 for Total serum protein, Albumin, Globulin, Glucose, Creatinine, AST, ALT, ALP, Na+ and K+ respectively in infected cattle compared to non-infected cattle.
We therefore conclude that, FMD-infected cattle showed lower clinical, hematological and serum biochemical parameters compared to uninfected cattle breeds in Nigeria.
SPECIES DIVERSITY AND QUANTITATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF MACROZOOBENTHOUS ORGANISMS OF THE MALY UZEN RIVER IN THE WEST KAZAKHSTAN REGION
Authors: Oskina A. A.
Published: July 2024

This article presents the results of determining the feeding capacity of the Maly Uzen River sections of the West Kazakhstan region studied in 2021-2023 for benthic fish according to quantitative indicators of the zoobenthic communities state. As well as additional characteristics of the communities state calculations of saprobity and species diversity indices were carried out.
البحث عن منهج في الخطاب المقدماتي عند طه حسين -نماذج مختارة-
Authors: Farrag Mamdouh
Published: July 2024

الخطاب المقدماتي هو الخطاب الذي يُقدّم النص من منظور شخص آخر غير المؤلف الحقيقي، وهو خطاب إشهاري غرضه تدشين النص وترغيب القارئ إليه. ظهر الاهتمام بالخطاب المقدماتي في الأدب الحديث مع ظهور كتاب "عتبات" للفرنسي جيرار جينيت، خاصة بعدما أولى اهتمامًا كبيرًا بالنص المحيط وما يشتمل عليه من عناوين وتصدير وإهداء ومقدمة، ولوحة الغلاف ... إلخ، وهو ما ترجمه التلقي العربي في دراسات اعتنت بالعتبات للنصوص، وعلى الرغم من أهمية هذه العتبات في استكناه النصوص والكشف عن خصوصيتها التجنيسية؛ إلا أن التلقي غالى كثيرًا في ممارساته التطبيقيّة مما جعلها تحيد عن هدفها الأصلي الذي تأصّلت من أجله، الشيء الجدير بالذكر أن حضور الخطاب المقدماتي ضمن النصوص المحيطة في مدونة النقد الغربي، لا يعني أن الخطاب المقدماتي كان غائبًا في مدونة الثقافة العربيّة، بل على العكس تمامًا، فكتب التراث أكّدت عناية المؤلفين القدامى من المؤرخين والمحدِّثين وكتاب التراجم، بالمقدمات لكتبهم، سواء تلك التي كتبوها بأنفسهم، أو أسندوا كتابتها لآخرين من مُعاصريهم. تعتني هذه الدراسة بالخطاب المقدماتي عند الدكتور طه حسين، فدور عميد الأدب العربي التنويري إلى جانب كتابة المقالات الصحافية والكتب النقدية، وإلقاء المحاضرات العامة في الإذاعة والمنتديات؛ اهتمّ بالأجيال الجديدة والكتابات المهمّة، فحرص كل الحرص أن يزيّن كتاباتهم بمقدمات بأسلوبه الفخيم. اللافت أن كتابة طه حسين لهذه المقدمات كما ستبيّن الدراسة لم تكن انطباعيّة أو متعجّلة، وإنما كانت خاضعة لمنهج علمي لو شئنا الدقة صارم ودقيق، وهو ما يعكس سمة عند طه حسين تتمثّل في التزامه بالمنهج (والتأكيد عليه) في كتاباته على مختلف أنواعها (الفكرية والنقدية)، كما لم يَحد عنه في كتاباته السيّارة، والاحتفائيّة. ومن ثمّ تسعى هذه الدراسة أولاً للتعريف بالخطاب المقدماتي عنده وأنواعه، وأهدافه، ثمّ أشكال هذا الخطاب عند طه حسين، وثانيًّا استكشاف ملامح المنهج الذي التزمه في الخطاب المقدماتي، وهل ثمة مخالفة (أو مغايرة) عن منهجه الذي اعتمده في كتاباته النقدية أو الفكريّة بصفة عامة. وفي ضوء هذا تأتي الدراسة في جزأين؛ الأول نظري يُعرِّفُ بالخطاب المقدماتي في التراث العربي، وأنواعه، وأهدافه، ثم في الجزء الثاني تتطرّق الدراسة إلى أشكال الخطاب المقدماتي عند طه حسين، وأقسامه؛ حيث نوّع طه حسين في خطاباته بين مقدمات لكتب فكرية وأدبية وأخرى مترجمة، بغية الوصول إلى المنهج الذي اعتمده طه حسين في خطابه المقدماتي، وقد انتهت الدراسة إلى أن الخطاب المقدماتي كان بارزًا في الثقافة العربية الإسلاميّة، وقد ظهر مع مقدمات الكتب الإسلاميّة، وكان رائجًا. ومن ناحية ثانية لعب طه حسين دورًا كبيرًا ومهمًا في الحياة الثقافية، بوصفه مثقفًا مشاركًا ليس متعاليًّا، حيث لعب دور الوسيط بينه وبين القارئ والمؤلف، والتزم منهجًا نقديًّا ابتعد كلّ البُعد عن تلخيص الكتاب، وإنما قدّم رؤية متكاملة للكتاب، مستخلصًا أهم أفكاره الجوهرية، وأهميته، وتأثيره على المتلقي.
Aradığınız Kişiye Şu An Ulaşılamıyor: Çalışanların Ulaşılabilir Olmama Haklarına İlişkin Nitel Bir Araştırma
Authors: Yıldız Fatma Zehra
Published: July 2024

Ulaşılabilir olmama, çalışma saatleri dışında, dijital araçlar vasıtasıyla işle ilgili faaliyetler veya haberleşmelerle doğrudan ya da dolaylı olarak meşgul olmama olarak ifade edilmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, çalışanların ulaşılabilir olmama hakkına ilişkin görüşlerinin ve deneyimlerinin incelenmesidir. Bu gerekçeyle araştırma, fenomenoloji deseniyle yapılandırılmıştır. Araştırmanın katılımcılarını, Türkiye’de özel sektörde faaliyet gösteren işletmelerde çalışan/çalışmış olan beyaz yakalı çalışanlar oluşturmaktadır. Bu araştırmada farklı yaş, cinsiyet ve pozisyondan kişilere amaçlı örnekleme yöntemiyle ulaşılmıştır. Araştırma kapsamında farklı pozisyon ve sektörlerden 10 kişiyle yarı yapılandırılmış mülakatlar gerçekleştirilmiştir. İçerik analizi yöntemiyle analiz edilen veriler, temalar halinde sunulmuştur. Verilerin görselleştirilerek sunulmasında Maxqda 2020 Analitycs Pro programından yararlanılmıştır. Katılımcıların ulaşılabilir olmama fenomenine ilişkin deneyimleri, ulaşma aracı, cevap vermenin nedenleri, tepkiler ve önlemler temalar olarak belirlenmiştir. Çalışmanın sonuçlarına göre, katılımcıların çalıştıkları kurumlarda çalışanların ulaşılabilir olmama hakkıyla ilgili uygulamaların olmadığı ifade edilebilir. Katılımcıların en fazla vurguladıkları mesai dışında ulaşılabilirlik aracı telefon olmuştur. Çalışanların iş dışında iletişim araçlarıyla ulaşılabilir durumda olması ve her an işle meşgul olması iş-yaşam dengesini olumsuz etkilemektedir. Buna yönelik insan kaynakları politikalarının ve örgüt kültürünün inşa edilmesinin önemli olduğu düşünülmektedir. Bu çalışmanın, çalışanların ulaşılabilir olmama haklarıyla ilgili farkındalık kazandıracağı düşünülmektedir.
Hoof lesions and lameness in sows in three Greek swine herds
Authors: Lisgara Marina , Skampardonis Vassilis , Kouroupides Stelios , Leontides Leonidas
Published: July 2024

Objectives: To characterize foot lesions, estimate their frequency and severity, and investigate their association with parity and lameness in three Greek farrow-to-finish swine herds. Materials and methods: The studied sows, which had been individually stalled during previous gestations, were examined for foot lesions upon entry into the lactation facilities. Lesions scored included heel hyperkeratinization, erosions or cracks, and toe and dew claw overgrowths. When exiting the farrowing facilities, the sows were observed while walking along an alley and their degree of lameness was scored. Results: The proportion of sows with at least one lesion on any foot was very high and similar among herds, with 121 of 125 (96.8%), 123 of 125 (98.4%), and 377 of 386 (97.7%) sows affected in herds A, B, and C, respectively. The most frequent lesions were those located on the heel, and overgrown toes and dew claws. For these sites, lesion severity increased with sow parity. The concurrent presence of lesions on more than one foot site, on the same or different feet or both, had a multiplicative effect on the likelihood of lameness. Implications: Under the conditions in the herds participating in this study, sow foot lesions are extremely common, with older sows more likely than younger sows to have lesions on the heel and overgrown toes and dew claws. The degree of lameness may be affected by a causal interface among foot lesions.
Case report describing the clinical course of porcine epidemic diarrhea in a commercial boar stud and return of the stud to service after whole-herd inoculation with porcine epidemic diarrhea virus
Authors: McCarty Marlena , Petznick Tom , Kuster Chris , Bower Leslie , Zhang Jianqiang , Yoon Kyoung-Jin , Madson Darin
Published: July 2024

In January 2014, an outbreak of porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) occurred in a PED-naive commercial boar stud. This report documents the outbreak following whole-herd PED virus (PEDV) inoculation with fecal material, cleaning procedures, sentinel exposure, and semen supply to naive sow farms. Boar saliva samples were diagnostically comparable to rectal swabs and collection dummy Swiffer (Proctor and Gamble, Cincinnati, Ohio) samples for PEDV RNA detection. Viral RNA was not detected in semen samples collected during the outbreak, yet reproductive organs from sacrificed boars 5 days after exposure were positive by polymerase chain reaction. Placed sentinel and replacement animals in the stud remained clinically negative following cleaning procedures, and semen shipments started 13 weeks post inoculation (WPI) to one PED-naive sow farm, with six other naive sow farms resuming shipments after 17 WPI. All sow farms remained naive 10 months later. This report demonstrates that it is possible for a commercial boar stud to experience a PED outbreak without infecting naive sow farms at the onset, retain valuable genetics, and resume semen delivery to PED-naive sow farms after cleaning, disinfection, and testing, without infecting sows upon re-opening.
Evaluation of responses to both oral and parenteral immunization modalities for porcine epidemic diarrhea virus in production
Authors: Scherba Gail , Bromfield Corinne , Jarrell Vickie , Shipley Clifford
Published: July 2024

The immune responses (serum anti-porcine epidemic diarrhea virus [PEDV] immunoglobulin G [IgG] and milk antiviral neutralizing antibodies) induced by various combinations of two PEDV immunization modalities (vaccine and oral immunization) were examined in unrelated swine production units in different locations. Anti-PEDV antibodies were undetectable in serum and milk of the control group (non-vaccinated and non-infected). Sows in the unit that received only the PED vaccine (iPED+; Harrisvaccines, Inc, Ames, Iowa) (two doses) remained naive for the wild-type virus and did not develop milk anti-PEDV neutralizing immunoglobulin titers as high as those in the other three production units, which had received oral immunization. Milk anti-PEDV antibody titers in the orally immunized sows appeared to be of longer duration than serum antiviral IgG concentrations. This indicates that oral immunization may be the more efficacious PEDV immunization modality, especially with regard to the production of milk antiviral antibody levels.
Experimental inoculation of neonatal piglets with feed naturally contaminated with porcine epidemic diarrhea virus
Authors: Pillatzki Angela , Gauger Phillip , Madson Darin , Burrough Eric , Zhang Zianqiang , Chen Q , Magstadt Drew , Arruda Paulo , Stevenson Greg , Yoon Kyoungjin
Published: July 2024

Piglets did not develop diarrhea when fed porcine epidemic diarrhea virus polymerase chain reaction-positive feed that had been retained by manufacturers in early 2013. The virus was detected in feces of positive-control piglets, which exhibited clinical signs and histologic evidence of infection.
Comparison of regional limb injection to systemic medication for the treatment of septic lameness in female breeding swine
Authors: Dominguez Brandon , Duckworth Luke , Jones Meredyth
Published: July 2024

Twenty female breeding swine with acute septic lameness received lincomycin systemically or via regional limb perfusion (RLP). There was no significant difference in the time to healing between methods. However, lameness resolved earlier in a numerically higher proportion of subjects receiving RLP than systemic treatment.
Pathological evaluation of claw lesions I culled sows from a Greek herd
Authors: Varagka Nikoleta , Lisgara Marina , Skampardonis Vassilis , Psychas Vassilis , Leontides Leonidas
Published: July 2024

Objectives: To characterize macroscopic claw lesions of culled sows, describe the histologic characteristics observed in the laminar corium and investigate their associations with lesion severity, and compare the morphometric characteristics of horn tubules among claws according to lesion severity. Materials and methods: One front and the opposite rear foot from 74 culled sows of one herd were examined for lesions. From each claw, a tissue sample consisting of dermis and epidermis was examined histologically for changes suggesting laminitis. Slices from the lateral claws of the rear feet of 48 sows were examined morphometrically to evaluate the density and size of horn tubules. Results: The most frequent lesions were those located on the heel, wall, and white line, with 146 (49.3%), 94 (31.8%), and 81 (27.4%) affected claws, respectively, among the 296 examined. Lamellar hyperplasia was the most frequently recorded characteristic in the epidermis of 87 of 296 claws (29.4%) in 51 of the 74 examined sows (68.9%). The total lesion score of the claw was higher (P < .001) when lamellar hyperplasia was recorded than when no histologic change was recorded. The density of horn tubules was lowest (P = .018) and the size was largest (P < .001) among animals with severe wall lesions, compared to those without wall lesions. Implications: The histologic changes observed in the dermis and epidermis of the sows’ claws have been described in cases of equine and bovine laminitis. Sow laminitis may frequently occur, causing production of low quality hoof horn.