bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reading clay: The temporal and transformative potential of clay in contemporary scientific practice
Authors: Bryant Lia , Jamie Kimberly , Sharples Gary J.
Published: January 2022

Clay has a long history in the global south and has been extensively studied by ‘Western’ social scientists particularly anthropologists and archeologists in relation to histories of earlier civilisations and cultural practices. Clay in relation to contemporary ‘science’ has received less attention in social science despite the emergence of the sub-discipline of ‘clay science’ and its increasing focus on clay to transform wide ranging aspects of social life. In this paper we work towards an exploration of clay in science. We begin with the question of ‘what is clay?’ from the perspective of a multidisciplinary group of scientists, whilst being alert to culturally located and past knowledges of clay that shape current scientific knowledges and practices. Drawing on interviews with six clay scientists we explore the ontological and epistemological process for scientists in ‘reading’ clay to reveal how clay is ‘classified’, ‘worked upon’ and ‘partnered’. Our findings suggest that clay comes into being for scientists by being read as an informational and temporal medium and agentic matter with transformative promise to remedy specific threats to human and environmental health.
Daily Bread: Women’s Self-Help Microfinance and the Social Meanings of Money
Authors: Bott Esther , Ojha Shalini , Mini Sunita , Kamal Kumar Rajeev , Choudhary Sunil , Yaron Gil , Smyth Alan R
Published: January 2022

In this article, we explore the impacts and implications of ‘Rojiroti’, a women’s self-help group (SHG) microfinance scheme operating in poor communities in Bihar, India. We focus particularly on how improvements found in women’s circumstances and in children’s health might result from Rojiroti SHG membership. Through data from 5 focus groups and 19 individual interviews with women in communities where Rojiroti operates, we discover how the scheme is regarded and how it affects women’s management of household budgets. Moreover, we explore the relational aspects of SHG microfinance and the ways that it can alter family and social dynamics. Drawing on notions of ‘earmarked’ money and ‘safeguarded’ money, we argue that the money itself has meaning and non-pecuniary value in the form of other currencies, including power and agency, which can lead to the improved well-being and health of families.
Re-Conceptualising Repeat Reports of Hate Crime/Incidents as Hate Relationships Based on Coercive Control and Space for Action
Authors: Donovan Catherine , Macdonald Stephen , Clayton John
Published: January 2022

Developing from existing research in the field of hate studies, this article outlines a new approach to understanding repeated experiences of hate by perpetrators who live in close proximity as neighbours to those victimised. Building on previous work, a conceptual argument is made drawing parallels between what we call ‘hate relationships’ and coercive control in domestically abusive relationships. Empirical data from a hate crime advocacy service in the North East of England evidences these parallels through consideration of the home as central to the hate experienced and the cumulative impact of a pattern of hate-motivated behaviours. As with coercive control, our analysis shows that the apparent inaction of help providers exacerbates hate relationships and their impacts. We argue that the current reliance on a criminal justice system, incident-based, approach to understanding and responding to repeat reporting of hate incidents is inadequate. Rather, an approach identifying hate relationships and intervening early in a hate relationship might better preempt escalation and provide possibilities for those victimised to remain in their own homes.
Effects of exercise on sleep, melatonin level, and behavioral functioning in children with autism
Authors: Tse Andy CY , Lee Paul H , Zhang Jihui , Chan Roy CY , Ho Amy WY , Lai Elvis WH
Published: January 2022

Poor sleep quality and low behavioral functioning are commonly reported in children with autism spectrum disorder. This study examined the impact of exercise on sleep on melatonin level and behavioral functioning in the population. Children with autism spectrum disorder( n = 55; age = 10.97 ± 1.90) were randomly allocated to a morning jogging intervention group or a control group. Participants’ sleep was measured using actigraphy and sleep log assessments. Twenty-four-hour and first morning urinary 6-sulfatoxymelatonin were used to determine whether the exercise intervention could elicit changes in melatonin levels. Behavioral functioning of the participants was assessed by the repetitive subscale of the Gilliam Autism Rating Scale–3rd edition. All assessments were carried out in baseline, post-intervention, or regular treatment, and follow-up to elucidate the sustainability of the exercise effects. Positive changes were observed between baseline and post-intervention in actigraphy-assessed sleep efficiency and wake after sleep onset, as well as melatonin level and behavioral functioning within the intervention group ( ps < 0.017). However, no significant changes were observed in all measurements between post-intervention and follow-up ( ps > 0.05). The findings suggest that physical exercise is effective to improve sleep with an increase in melatonin level. It can also reduce repetitive behaviors in children with autism spectrum disorder.

Lay abstract

This study examined the impact of physical exercise on sleep and behavioral functioning in children (aged 8–12 years) with autism spectrum disorders. It also investigated whether exercise would alter endogenous melatonin level among the population. Participants were divided into two groups: exercise group (12–week, 30-min morning jogging intervention) and a control group (i.e. did not receive any physical exercise intervention during the study period). Significant improvements on sleep and behavioral functioning were found in the exercise group, but not in the control group Moreover, a significant increase in melatonin level was also shown in the exercise group. Findings of this study reconfirmed the sleep and behavioral benefits of exercise in children with autism spectrum disorder. Melatonin-mediated mechanism should be further explored to develop an effective treatment intervention.
Bidirectional cross-linguistic influence on DOM in Romanian-Spanish bilinguals
Authors: López Otero Julio César
Published: January 2022

Aims and objectives:

This study aims to explore the acquisition of differential object marking (DOM) of Spanish and Romanian in balanced Romanian-speaking L2 speakers of Spanish. The study is motivated by the paucity of studies analyzing bidirectional cross-linguistic influence (BCLI) in DOM.

Methodology:

Romanian-Spanish bilinguals completed a background language questionnaire, a productive vocabulary test, an elicited production task, and an acceptability judgment task in Romanian and Spanish. Two groups of Spanish and Romanian monolinguals completed the same tasks in their languages for comparison purposes.

Findings:

The bilinguals show signs of BCLI at their DOM in Spanish and Romanian. They may also be at an incipient stage of L1 attrition.

Originality:

This is the first study that examines BCLI at DOM and the acquisition of DOM in Spanish by speakers of Romanian in a naturalistic setting.

Significance:

This project highlights the importance of examining both the L1 and the L2 when examining cross-linguistic influence.

Limitations:

This study cannot examine proficiency effects or acquisition stages because all the participants are highly proficient in Spanish.
The populist way out: Why contemporary populist leaders seek transnational legitimation
Authors: Wajner Daniel F
Published: January 2022

This article aims to contribute to the growing academic debate on the transnational drivers and patterns of contemporary populism. As populist leaderships expand both politically and geographically, the very nature of the populist phenomenon is changing, as it is increasingly being projected on the international stage. Contemporary populist leaders show a growing willingness to transfer the discursive construction of a struggle between ‘the people’ and ‘the elites’ to the regional and global levels as a way of obtaining internal and external legitimation. In so doing, they exploit the symbiotic two-level game that links national and international (de-)legitimation dynamics, seeking to gain ‘abroad’ the kind of legitimacy that they cannot obtain ‘at home’. This article suggests three mechanisms that explain the populist ‘way out’ from various legitimation traps based on the traditional distinctions between input, throughput, and output legitimacy. The article’s argument is illustrated with reference to prototypical cases of populism in Europe, the Americas, the Middle East, and Southeast Asia. The incorporation of the literature on international legitimacy enhances our understanding of the strategic activation of populist attitudes through the transnational articulation of empty signifiers, the global diffusion of this phenomenon, and the possibilities for its contestation and mitigation.
Covering religion: Field insurgency in United States religion reporting
Authors: Perreault Gregory , Montalbano Kathryn
Published: January 2022

The present study analyzes the role of religion reporting with the journalistic field. Personnel cuts within newsrooms and the development of “religion reporters” operating from religious institutions necessitate a re-exploration of the changing field. At stake is the coverage of religion, a topic particularly pertinent to residents in the United States, nearly 77% of which identify as religious to some degree. Simultaneously, the majority of the United States tends to think journalists cover religion poorly. Through the lens of field theory, this study analyzes 20 interviews with U.S.-based religion reporters who work for both mainstream and religious publications.
Analyzing picturebooks: semiotic, literary, and artistic frameworks
Authors: Serafini Frank , Reid Stephanie F
Published: January 2022

The multimodal and visual nature of children’s picturebooks has been documented in research emanating from multiple fields of inquiry. In this article, the authors present three types of analytical frameworks that are useful for conducting research on contemporary picturebooks as multimodal entities. Each framework draws upon different aspects of visual images, design features, and written language, and uses different theoretical lenses to call forth particular aspects of contemporary picturebooks. The three analytical frameworks are: (1) social semiotic frameworks, (2) literary frameworks, and (3) artistic frameworks. This article suggests that only through an orchestration of a range of analytical frameworks can scholars and educators begin to understand the complexity of contemporary picturebooks and their role in educational settings.
Implementing Gentle Persuasive Approaches dementia education for staff on in-patient medicine units: A program evaluation
Authors: Crandall Jacqueline , Coatsworth-Puspoky Robin , Schlegel Kimberly , Beker Lyndsay , McLelland Victoria C , Martin Lori Schindel
Published: January 2022

Older adults with dementia, when hospitalised, frequently experience responsive behaviours. Staff struggle to manage responsive behaviours without specific education. We aimed to enhance staff knowledge and confidence with care for older adults with dementia and responsive behaviours on medicine units at a Canadian hospital. An online dementia education program was disseminated to staff as part of a broader quality improvement project. Gentle Persuasive Approaches (GPA) encourages staff to reframe responsive behaviours as self-protective expressions of unmet needs and learn to assess their meaning. Participants completed online quantitative and qualitative measures of self-efficacy, competence and knowledge in dementia care at three times: immediate pre-, immediate post- and six to eight weeks post-GPA eLearning. Immediately post-GPA, participants showed significant increases relative to baseline in dementia care self-efficacy, competence and knowledge. Self-efficacy scores increased further eight weeks post-GPA. Before GPA, few participants described dementia-specific strategies for de-escalating a patient’s agitation. Eight weeks post-GPA, participants described application of tailored, person-centred, non-pharmacological interventions and successful application of GPA strategies. GPA eLearning strengthened staff preparedness to interact with older adults experiencing responsive behaviours, thus enhancing their care.
Education for a Christian nation: Religion and nationalism in the Hungarian education policy discourse
Authors: Neumann Eszter
Published: January 2022

In the past decade, right-wing populist parties have brought back nationalism and religion into European politics. While a growing literature explores the political strategies, style and success of these parties and the challenge they pose to the European project, less attention has been paid to how right-wing populist governing is done at specific policy areas. This paper explores the education policy discourse of the Hungarian right-wing populist government. Drawing on the Discourse-Historical Approach to critical discourse analysis, the analysis concentrates on political speeches performed between 2010 and 2020 to examine the discoursive framings and strategies utilised in relation to three nodal points identified in the speeches: upbringing, teaching Christian values and the nation. While in the political rhetoric, a coherent religious nationalist, neoconservative narrative took form, over time this narrative shifted from a strategic project of crafting a new language to justify paradigmatic legislative and policy change to a language disconnected from policy work and predominantly displaying features of nationalist extremism. In the discussed period, as a combined result of the right-wing government’s Christian indentitarian project and the ambition of the Christian churches to increase their power and legitimacy, religion has increasingly permeated the secular spaces of Hungarian education.
Spanish bilingual and language education: A historical view of language policies from EFL to CLIL
Authors: Palacios-Hidalgo Francisco Javier , Gómez-Parra María Elena , Huertas-Abril Cristina A.
Published: January 2022

The profound evolution that Spanish language education has experienced since the passing of the first modern educational law in 1970 has led to improved students’ proficiency. In this sense, traditional foreign language teaching has been gradually substituted by Bilingual Education in the country to promote language learning, intercultural competence, and mobility; however, reviews in the field have not examined language education in all the Spanish regions but rather they have only considered isolated regions or compared some of them. This paper provides a historical analysis of Spanish language education, reviewing its evolution since 1970, and comparing the country’s bilingual and monolingual regions. Findings show that differences among territories mainly concern the areas and number of hours devoted to foreign language teaching and teacher linguistic requirements. Content and Language Integrated Learning is the main approach to Bilingual Education followed, whereas English is the main language of instruction in all regions.
Citizenship education policies and immigration in Chile. A dispositive analysis
Authors: Velásquez-Burgos Rodrigo
Published: January 2022

In several countries where immigration influxes have changed or increased, citizenship education policies have been strengthened as a way to build social cohesion. In this paper, I took the case of Chile to explore citizenship education policies throughout their references towards immigration. Methodologically, I use the Foucauldian notion of dispositive as an analytical tool to explore the knowledge-power network that shapes citizenship education. I took samples of public opinions, educational documents and reports, and legal documents as part of the heterogeneity that shape the dispositive. These samples come from Chilean magazines, newspapers, and documents released by educational institutions as well as laws. Findings indicate that, if viewed from how it references immigration, the dispositive of citizen education in Chile works as a managerial dispositive of cultural differences; one that places immigrants themselves as commodities. In current neoliberal times, where capitalism multiplies differences and produces cultural commodities, citizenship education works as a technique of governing at a distance to administrate such differences.
Educating for Children’s Health: Lessons Learned on Facilitating Media Literacy & Food Marketing Programming
Authors: Truman Emily , Daroux-Cole Lisa , Elliott Charlene
Published: January 2022

Food marketing is currently a multi-billion dollar industry. High levels of child-targeted food marketing, including on food packaging, suggests the need for media literacy skills to navigate persuasive techniques on food products. Evidence-based educational content on the topic of Media Literacy & Food Marketing (MLFM) was developed for children in Grades 3 to 9. This MLFM content has been taught to thousands of Canadian children across Canada, both in-person and virtually. This Practice Note highlights key strategies and lessons from implementing the program, and provides valuable insights into effective methods for empowering children’s critical thinking around food promotion.
Legislature Size and Interest Mobilization: The Effects of Institutional Change
Authors: Strickland James M.
Published: January 2022

Little is known about how legislature size affects the political mobilization of societal interests. I propose that legislative downsizing events increase the cost of campaigns, and thereby spur additional lobbying by organized interests that corral monetary resources efficiently. I examine how numbers of organizations with registered lobbyists changed in response to legislative downsizing events in three states. Using synthetic control analyses, I find that downsizing did not affect organization totals in Massachusetts or Rhode Island, but that Illinois’ Cutback Amendment precipitated a 25-percent increase in organized interests. Further tests disconfirm that monetary-based interests were most likely to mobilize anew after the Amendment’s implementation. In general, these mixed findings imply that changes in legislature size alone are insufficient for affecting interest mobilization but that other kinds of legislative reforms, such as the transition from cumulative to plurality voting that accompanied Illinois’ downsizing, may affect mobilization rates.
Conditional Presidential Priorities: Audience-Driven Agenda Setting
Authors: Russell Annelise , Eissler Rebecca
Published: January 2022

The president’s agenda-setting ability has a rich research history, with studies most often derived from the State of the Union Address. While a president communicates many of his policy priorities via the public address, the presidential agenda is more complex and variable than can be understood in one speech. Presidents have a number of tools to articulate their priorities, and how we understand presidential agenda-setting is linked to the tool and its intended audience. This research note illustrates the important variation in presidential agendas across venues by comparing the publicized agenda from the State of the Union with the policymaker-focused priorities conveyed in the annual Budget Message. Using the coding scheme of the U.S. Policy Agendas Project to assess presidential agenda setting over more than 35 years, we illustrate the audience-driven variability in presidents’ agendas and highlight how the intended audience reveals presidents’ strategic choices.
Dupuytren Cords Do Not Undergo Significant Histopathological Change After Collagenase Clostridium Histolyticum Injection
Authors: Guo Meng , Yang Kai , Kock Nancy D. , Daley Roger , Dzwierzynski William , LoGiudice John , Hettinger Patrick , Best Cameron , Argenta Anne
Published: January 2022

Background: Dupuytren disease creates thickened cords of the palmar fascia, leading to progressive flexion contractures that severely hinder hand function. Collagenase clostridium histolyticum (CCH) injection is a common, minimally invasive alternative to surgical excision of these cords. The impact of CCH injection on the histological architecture of Dupuytren cords has not been studied extensively. Methods: A series of 10 CCH-injected cords were evaluated histologically. Cellularity, architecture, and connective tissue organization were compared against uninjected Dupuytren cords and normal palmar fascia. Results: No significant histopathological differences between CCH-injected and CCH-uninjected cords were identified. Conclusions: Dupuytren cords do not demonstrate histological changes with prior exposure to CCH.
Hand Surgeons’ Understanding of Partial Hand Prostheses: Results of a National Survey Study
Authors: Graham Emily M. , Baschuk Christopher M. , Atkins Diane J. , Hutchinson Lana , Duncan Christopher C. , Mendenhall Shaun D.
Published: January 2022

Purpose:

Partial hand amputations are devastating injuries that often negatively affect individuals and communities. Partial hand prostheses can mitigate the burdens of living with an amputation, especially when reconstruction alone cannot restore form or function. However, hand surgeons may be unfamiliar with these newer devices because the prosthetic field is rapidly progressing.

Methods:

An electronic survey was distributed to hand surgeon members of the American Association for Hand Surgery with the intent of assessing surgeons’ familiarity with partial hand prosthetic devices and their clinical applications. Survey items used Likert 5-point scales, rank order, multiple-choice, and yes/no question formats. Responses were compared by training background (orthopedic or plastic surgery) and by years of experience (≤10 years in practice or >10 years in practice).

Results:

Overall, hand surgeons are unfamiliar with modern partial hand prosthetic devices. Most of the cohort denied working within a multidisciplinary hand team (76.2%) or consulting with a prosthetist prior to revisional surgeries (71.4%). Restoring gross motor function and reducing pain were important outcomes to the cohort (4.42 and 4.17, respectively). Plastic trained hand surgeons were more likely to list toe-to-hand transfers as treatment options for multilevel digital amputations ( P = .03) and transmetacarpal amputations ( P = .02). Senior hand surgeons were more likely to suggest no treatment for partial thumb amputations ( P = .02).

Conclusions:

Expanding surgeon knowledge and encouraging collaboration within a multidisciplinary team may enhance amputee care.
Selective Ulnar Nerve Decompression, Capsular Branch Denervation, and Arthroscopic Debridement as a Unique Technique to Improve Quality of Life for Avascular Necrosis of the Distal Humerus and Radius in a Young Patient With ALL
Authors: Reddy Nihaal , Seaman Austin , Jefferson Ryan , Evans Tyler , Popp James
Published: January 2022

Avascular necrosis (AVN), one of the most common therapy-related and debilitating side effects of antileukemic treatment, can adversely affect a patient’s long-term quality of life. Our case study presents a young woman with bilateral elbow AVN and hip AVN after acute lymphoblastic leukemia treatment, with a unique treatment strategy for her elbow pain. The treatment strategy included elbow joint denervation with arthroscopic debridement and distal humerus core decompression. The goal of this procedure was to improve symptomatic pain while retaining bone stock in the distal humerus hopefully allowing better function of the patient’s elbow. This treatment may not only improve the quality of life in a young patient but also delay the need for future surgery. Our patient had improved pain relief in her elbow postsurgery. This procedure may be used for pain control and may have beneficial future implications in this limited population.
Offset analgesia is associated with opposing modulation of medial versus dorsolateral prefrontal cortex activations: A functional near-infrared spectroscopy study
Authors: Alter Benedict J. , Santosa Hendrik , Nguyen Quynh H. , Huppert Theodore J. , Wasan Ajay D.
Published: January 2022

Offset analgesia is defined by a dramatic drop in perceived pain intensity with a relatively small decrease in noxious input. Although functional magnetic resonance imaging studies implicate subcortical descending inhibitory circuits during offset analgesia, the role of cortical areas remains unclear. The current study identifies cortical correlates of offset analgesia using functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Twenty-four healthy volunteers underwent fNIRS scanning during offset (OS) and control (Con) heat stimuli applied to the forearm. After controlling for non-neural hemodynamic responses in superficial tissues, widespread increases in cortical oxygenated hemoglobin concentration were observed, reflecting cortical activation during heat pain. OS–Con contrasts revealed deactivations in bilateral medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and bilateral somatosensory cortex (SSC) associated with offset analgesia. Right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) showed activation only during OS. These data demonstrate opposing cortical activation patterns during offset analgesia and support a model in which right dlPFC underlies ongoing evaluation of pain intensity change. With predictions of decreasing pain intensity, right dlPFC activation likely inhibits ascending noxious input via subcortical pathways resulting in SSC and mPFC deactivation. This study identifies cortical circuitry underlying offset analgesia and introduces the use of fNIRS to study pain modulation in an outpatient clinical environment.
Vascular endothelial growth factor-A/vascular endothelial growth factor2 signaling in spinal neurons contributes to bone cancer pain
Authors: Fan Li-Jun , Kan Hou-Ming , Chen Xue-Tai , Sun Yuan-Yuan , Chen Li-ping , Shen Wen
Published: January 2022

Tumor metastasis to bone is often accompanied by a severe pain syndrome (cancer-induced bone pain, CIBP) that is frequently unresponsive to analgesics, which markedly reduces patient quality of life and cancer treatment tolerance in patients. Prolonged pain can induce hypersensitivity via spinal plasticity, and several recent studies have implicated the involvement of vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) signaling in this process. Here, we speculated that CIBP is associated with VEGF-A/VEGFR2 signaling in the spinal cord. A mouse model of CIBP was established by intramedullary injection of Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) cells in the mouse femur. Pain sensitization and potential amelioration via VEGF-A/VEGFR2 blockade were measured using paw withdrawal threshold to mechanical stimulation and paw withdrawal latency to thermal. Spinal VEGF-A/VEGFR2 signaling was blocked by intrathecal injection of the VEGF-A antibody or the specific VEGFR2 inhibitor ZM323881. Changes in the expression levels of VEGF-A, VEGFR2, and other pain-related signaling factors were measured using western blotting and immunofluorescence staining. Mice after LLC injection demonstrated mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia, both of which were suppressed via anti-VEGF-A antibody or ZM323881. Conversely, the intrathecal injection of exogenous VEGF-A was sufficient to cause pain hypersensitivity in naïve mice via the VEGFR2-mediated activation of protein kinase C. Moreover, the spinal blockade of VEGF-A or VEGFR2 also suppressed N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) activation and downstream Ca2+-dependent signaling. Thus, spinal VEGF-A/VEGFR2/NMDAR signaling pathways may be critical mediators of CIBP.
Endovascular treatment with versus without tirofiban for stroke patients with large vessel occlusion: The multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind RESCUE BT study protocol
Authors: Qiu Zhongming , Li Fengli , Sang Hongfei , Liu Wenhua , Huang Wenguo , Li Huagang , Zhang Min , Zhou Peiyang , Lei Bo , Zhou Zhiming , Saver Jeffrey L , Nogueira Raul G , Zi Wenjie , Yang Qingwu
Published: January 2022

Background:

Tirofiban, a glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor inhibitor, has been shown to reduce the risk of thrombotic complications during percutaneous coronary intervention. However, it remains unknown whether tirofiban improves outcomes in large vessel occlusion stroke patients undergoing endovascular treatment.

Objective:

This trial aims to assess whether additional intravenous tirofiban therapy can improve the clinical outcomes in large vessel occlusion stroke patients who undergo endovascular treatment within 24 h of symptom onset.

Methods and design:

The Endovascular Treatment With versus Without Tirofiban for Stroke Patients With Large Vessel Occlusion (RESCUE BT) Trial is an investigator-initiated, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, multicenter trial. Up to 930 eligible patients will be consecutively randomized to intravenous tirofiban or placebo in 1:1 ratio over 3 years across 50 endovascular-capable stroke centers in China.

Outcomes:

The primary end point is the disability level as measured by overall distribution of the 90-day modified Rankin Scale scores. Primary safety end points include symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage at 48 h and mortality at 90 days.

Trial registry number:

ChiCTR-INR-17014167 ( www.chictr.org.cn ).
Impacts et mise en œuvre du service sanitaire des étudiants en santé (SSES) français : étude de cas dans deux académies françaises
Authors: Prigent Ollivier , Bureau A , Aromatario O , Cambon L
Published: January 2022

Contexte:

Le service sanitaire des étudiants en santé (SSES) est un programme de 2018 de sensibilisation à la promotion de la santé (PS), à destination d’étudiants en santé français. Il comprend un temps de formation et un temps d’action des étudiants sur diverses populations. Il est déployé sur le territoire français sans évaluation préalable. L’étude que nous avons conduite a pour objectifs de i) documenter la perception et le degré d’appropriation des objectifs du SSES par les parties prenantes (étudiants et professionnels encadrants), ii) analyser les interventions réalisées par les étudiants au regard des bonnes pratiques de promotion de la santé (PS).

Méthodes:

Il s’agissait d’une étude de cas qualitative menée dans deux académies de la Région Nouvelle-Aquitaine : Poitiers et Bordeaux. Des entretiens ont été conduits auprès des parties prenantes, ainsi que des observations d’actions menées par les étudiants.

Résultats:

Nous avons réalisé 87 entretiens et 18 observations. Les données obtenues montrent que : (i) si les parties prenantes se sont fortement impliquées, les conditions de mise en place étaient difficiles et inégales, (ii) les objectifs se révèlent en décalage avec des enjeux de la prévention dans le système de soins, (iii) les étudiants ont entériné une vision erronée de la PS rationnelle et individualisant les comportements liés à la santé, et (iv) les actions menées contreviennent pour la majorité aux critères de qualité en PS, qu’ils soient pédagogiques, méthodologiques ou éthiques.

Conclusion:

Ces résultats ont été confortés dans l’académie de Normandie. À notre connaissance, aucune autre évaluation de ce type n’est réalisée sur le territoire français. Ceci pose des questions car les impacts observés semblent suffisamment inquiétants pour appeler à une réforme du dispositif, tant sur les objectifs que sur les accompagnements à l’action en PS (ex. sur les déterminants sociaux de la santé).
Keratinolytic bacteria from the feathers of wild Dark-eyed Juncos (Junco hyemalis)
Authors: Tran Minh D. , Dille John W. , Camden Weslin L. , Brunt Diamond , Rogers Christopher M. , Schneegurt Mark A.
Published: January 2022

We collected >300 bacterial isolates from overwintering Dark-eyed Juncos ( Junco hyemalis) to find that ∼40% appear to degrade the structural protein of feathers using extracellular keratinase enzymes. A guild of bacteria (∼18% of total counts) grew significantly better on basal salt medium (BSM) plates containing feather meal than on BSM agar-only plates (∼8% total counts). The genus-level profile of the 107 most active keratinolytic bacterial isolates shows that nearly half are Bacillus species. Keratinolytic Frigoribacterium, Microbacterium, Okibacterium, Pantoea, Sphingomonas, Staphylococcus, and Stenotrophomonas were found, among others. Active isolates were shown to degrade whole feathers, used feather meal as a sole carbon and energy source, and produced zones of clearing indicative of extracellular proteases on milk agar plates. Our novel in vitro keratinase assay uses ninhydrin to quantitate the release of amino acids from exogenously added keratin, with Bacillus licheniformis str. ATCC 14580 serving as a positive control. Keratinolytic isolates were grown in the presence of feather meal to induce keratinase release and this conditioned medium, called the enzyme extract, was clarified by centrifugation and filtration. The enzyme reaction was completed in 30 min and was positively correlated with the amount of extract added, until reaching color saturation. Bacillus pumilus str. F166 was the most active isolate and Bacillus cereus str. F65 was about half as active as the positive control. Bacillus cereus str. F27 performed well too. We also have demonstrated strong keratinolytic activity against raw wool α-keratin. Juncos are long-distance migrant birds that carry bacteria on their feathers, both beneficial and harmful to plants. The abundant keratinolytic bacteria on feathers are capable of structurally damaging the feathers, potentially reducing bird fitness and reproductive success. Keratinases have uses in tanning, silage, and remediation. Keratinases may be useful in the treatment of onychomycoses and actinic keratoses in medical and veterinary settings.
Circadian activity in different photoperiod (12L: 12 D) and (8L: 16D) in passerine finches
Authors: Singh Garima , Kumar Sachin
Published: January 2022

Circadian rhythms are more synchronized in birds than mammals. Circadian clock functions as a timing reference allow organisms fluctuations in their environments and are the basis for the transduction of seasonality from photoperiod. The present study was performed to determine the effect of constant dim and bright light illumination on circadian behavior of baya weaver bird ( Ploceus philippinus), black-headed munia ( Lonchura malaca malaca), and red-headed bunting ( Emberiza bruniceps). It analyzed the data of locomotors activity of these under the effect of different photoperiods (12L: 12D and 8L: 16D) for a period of 30 days. In the captivity, birds were acclimatized for 4 weeks and were subjected to photoperiodic chambers (60×45×35 cm3) providing short-day conditions (8h light: 16h darkness; 8L:16D). Total activity profile was observed for 30 days under 12L: 12D and 8L: 16D photoperiod. Under 12 L: 12D photoperiod, significant response was observed in two of the four birds in daily profile of baya weaver bird and also in black-headed munia but the marginal significant response noticed in one of the four birds under 8L: 16D. The comparison of day and night total activity count in baya weaver bird and black-headed munia showed the maximum activity in weaver bird under 12L: 12D photoperiod.
The Sustainability Pyramid: A Hierarchical Approach to Greater Sustainability and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals With Implications for Marketing Theory, Practice, and Public Policy
Authors: Lim Weng Marc
Published: January 2022

Although research has explored ways to encourage sustainable consumption, many problems of unsustainable consumption remain, suggesting a need to reconsider current approaches to managing sustainability issues. This paper introduces the sustainability pyramid, which suggests that the goal of sustainable consumption and production—that is, UN SDG12—can be accomplished to a larger extent when a hierarchical approach is adopted to promote sustainability. The pyramid proposes that marketing efforts should prioritize the triple bottom line in the order of economic (prosperity), social (people), and environmental (planet) sustainability. This priority is targeted at persuading desired behavioral change among mainstream consumers, who are “the elephant in the room” for sustainability and are more likely to act on considerations that resonate with them more closely rather than distantly. The pyramid contends that marketing messages that prioritize environmental and social before economic considerations are unappealing to consumers at large. Instead, most consumers, in reality, must be convinced about the economic value of consuming sustainably before they can be expected to demand more socially and environmentally benign offerings. Such demand should create economies of scale and incentivize firms to offer such products. Implications for marketing theory, practice, and public policy conclude the paper.
Nanoformulation of Fullerene Using an Anionic Phospholipid
Authors: Uchida Noriyuki , Yanagi Masayoshi , Hamada Hiroki
Published: January 2022

In this work, fullerene was dispersed with anionic phospholipids of 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylglycerol (DPPG) and small-sized fullerene nanoparticles were successfully prepared.
Organizational activism undertaken and its ramifications faced by public relations practitioners, examined through the lens of postmodernism
Authors: Sen Soumitro
Published: January 2022

In mainstream public relations, the word “activist” has a negative connotation of one who disrupts an organization’s financial well-being. This is because mainstream public relations takes a modernist stance that valorizes the organization’s interests above all else. Postmodern scholars such as Holtzhausen (2012) , however, urge public relations practitioners themselves to take an activist stance when confronted with organizational malpractices. Holtzhausen (2012) especially points out new media as tools with which the discursive space between stakeholders and organizations can be democratized. This study will explore the barriers to and the consequences of such activism as faced by public relations practitioners who resisted their employers over malpractices. We will also examine what form their activism took and how these public relations practitioner-activists leveraged the power of new media in their organizational activism.
Recognizing medical child abuse in children presenting with chronic pain
Authors: Sherry David D , Gmuca Sabrina , Christian Cindy W
Published: January 2022

Medical child abuse (MCA), previously referred to as Munchausen by proxy, can present as chronic pain. We report the presentation of five children seeking treatment for chronic pain who we identified as victims of MCA. The index case had essentially not eaten for the 6 years of her life due to alleged allergies to all foods, developed severe pain, used a wheelchair for ambulation beyond a few blocks, and was alleged to have dysautonomia requiring oxygen monitoring at night. Other cases posed as arthritis that resulted in foot amputation and total body pain, fibromyalgia with alleged mutation negative Stickler syndrome who had symptoms only in her mother’s presence, severe incapacitating intermittent pains along with abdominal pain that resulted in appendectomy, cholecystectomy, and pancreatectomy, and alleged disabling hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos in a non-hypermobile child for which the mother sought a power wheelchair. The unusual pattern to the pain, the presence of multiple additional, atypical symptoms and diagnoses, and a generally well appearing child are characteristic. The perpetrator is typically over-invested in the symptoms, derives tangible and intangible secondary gain from the child’s alleged illnesses, and is able to present the child in such a fashion to enlist the physician to aid in perpetuating the abuse. These children are highly over-medicalized and suffer significant morbidity. Multiple barriers exist to identifying and reporting these children to Child Protective Services, which need to be recognized and overcome in order to protect these vulnerable children.
Let’s Watch Live Streaming: How Streamer Credibility Influences Brand Attitude in Esports Streamer Marketing
Authors: Xu Qingru , Kim Hanyoung , Billings Andrew C.
Published: January 2022

This study explores if and how perceived Esports streamer credibility influences the audience’s attitude toward the brand endorsed by the streamer. Results from a survey conducted with US adults ( N = 277) show the significant and positive relationship between streamer credibility and brand attitude while identifying parasocial relationships and streamer loyalty as two factors mediating the impact of streamer credibility on brand attitude. Structural equation modeling analysis is used to reveal how perceived expertise and trustworthiness of an Esports streamer affect viewer attitudes toward the promoted brands, with theoretical and practical implications outlined.
Lower Extremity Injury After Return to Sports From Concussion: A Systematic Review
Authors: Jildeh Toufic R. , Castle Joshua P. , Buckley Patrick J. , Abbas Muhammad J. , Hegde Yash , Okoroha Kelechi R.
Published: January 2022

Background:

Recent studies have suggested increased rates of lower extremity (LE) musculoskeletal injury after a diagnosed concussion, although significant heterogeneity exists.

Purpose:

To examine the current body of research and determine whether there is an increased risk for LE musculoskeletal injury after a concussion and to identify populations at an increased risk.

Study Design:

Systematic review; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods:

A systematic review of current literature using MEDLINE and PubMed databases was performed. Keywords included concussion, athlete, lower extremity injury, and return to sport. Inclusion criteria required original research articles written in the English language examining the rate of LE injuries after a diagnosed concussion.

Results:

A total of 13 studies involving 4349 athletes (88.1% male and 11.9% female; mean age, 19.8 years) met inclusion criteria. Athletes were classified as high school (46.1%), collegiate (17.0%), or professional (36.9%). Of the 13 studies, 4 demonstrated an increased risk of LE injury within 90 days of a diagnosed concussion (odds ratio [OR], 3.44; 95% CI, 2.99-4.42), and 6 revealed an elevated risk of injury within 1 year of concussion (OR, 1.85; 95% CI, 1.73-2.84). Increased risk was seen in professional (OR, 2.49; 95% CI, 2.40-2.72) and collegiate (OR, 2.00; 95% CI, 1.96-2.16) athletes compared with high school athletes (OR, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.89-1.05). A stepwise increase in risk of sustaining an LE injury was observed with multiple concussions, with increasing risk observed from ≥2 (OR, 2.29; 95% CI, 1.85-2.83) to ≥3 (OR, 2.86; 95% CI, 2.36-3.48) career concussions.

Conclusion:

An increased incidence of LE injuries was observed at 90 days and 1 year after the diagnosis of a concussion. Higher levels of competition, such as at the collegiate and professional levels, resulted in an increased risk of sustaining a subsequent LE injury after a diagnosed concussion. These results suggest an at-risk population who may benefit from injury prevention methods after a concussion. Future studies should focus on identifying which injuries are most common, during what time period athletes are most vulnerable, and methods to prevent injury after return to sports.
Improving Caregiver Burden by a Peer-Led Mentoring Program for Caregivers of Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease: Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Ghahramani Nasrollah , Chinchilli Vernon M. , Kraschnewski Jennifer L. , Lengerich Eugene J. , Sciamanna Christopher N.
Published: January 2022

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with substantial morbidity, mortality, cost, and increased caregiver burden. Peer mentoring (PM) improves multiple outcomes in various chronic diseases. The effect of PM on caregiver burden among caregivers of patients with CKD has not been studied. We conducted a randomized clinical trial to test the effectiveness of a structured PM program on burden of care among caregivers of patients with CKD. We randomized 86 caregivers to receive 6 months of intervention in 1 of 3 groups: (1) face-to-face PM ( n = 29); (2) online PM ( n = 29); and (3) usual care: textbook-only ( n = 28). Peer mentors were caregivers of patients with CKD, who received 16 h of instruction. All participants received a copy of a textbook, which contains detailed information about kidney disease. Participants in the PM groups received FTF or online PM for 6 months. The outcome was time-related change in the Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI) score. There was a statistically significant decrease in the ZBI score (SE: −3.44; CI: −6.31, −0.57 [ p = 0.002]) compared with baseline, among the online PM group. Online PM led to decreased caregiver burden among caregivers of patients with CKD. The study was limited to English-speaking subjects with computer literacy.
Street edge subdivision: Structuring ground floor interfaces to stimulate pedestrian visual engagement
Authors: Simpson James , Freeth Megan , Simpson Kimberley Jayne , Thwaites Kevin
Published: January 2022

There have been numerous attempts to identify what makes the ground floor interfaces of street edges engaging for pedestrians. Their subdivision has often been highlighted as important, predominantly, in line with functions along their length. However, the effect of subdivision on street edge engagement is yet to be empirically tested. We use mobile eye-tracking to systematically examine where and for how long pedestrians visually engage ground floors in relation to their subdivision. We consider three scales of subdivision: morphologically defined plinths (different building ground floors), territorially defined segments (different areas of territorial ownership) and spatially defined micro-segments (different spaces separated by pillars and partitions). Results show that segments dominate ground floor visual engagement, with micro-segments also having a significant influence. Plinths were shown to have no direct effect upon such engagement. We subsequently use these findings to show how subdivision should be approached by design decision-makers when seeking to actively encourage pedestrian engagement with ground floors along street edges.