bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PROPUESTAS CURRICULARES EN EDUCACIÓN DE JÓVENES Y ADULTOS
Authors: Delprato María Fernanda , Lorenzatti María del Carmen
Published: October 2024

En este artículo presentamos reflexiones sobre procesos de construcción de políticas curriculares específicas para EDJA en distintas experiencias educativas que responden a diferentes escalas contextuales y momentos históricos. de documentos curriculares realizados en distintos momentos históricos con educadores y equipos técnicos en el campo de la educación de jóvenes y adultos (EDJA), De manera particular, analizaremos las decisiones tomadas en las etapas de trabajo junto a educadores y equipos técnicos de la modalidad. El escrito se enmarca en avances de proyectos de investigación donde se desarrollan líneas de indagación que se encuentran analíticamente articuladas y atravesadas por la dimensión histórica: las políticas educativas, los contextos de las prácticas educativas y los sujetos participantes, a la vez que se integran investigaciones de grado y posgrado. Nos interesa recuperar nuestro posicionamiento como investigadoras en equipos de trabajo para orientar decisiones de política pública y analizar cómo nuestras intervenciones se constituyen en espacio de posibilidades de producción de conocimiento y abona a la consolidación de la investigación en este campo de estudios. Reconstruiremos, en estos trabajos de producción/investigación curricular, hilos de continuidad/discontinuidad y singularidades que adoptan principios de producción de esas políticas curriculares en virtud de escalas contextuales y márgenes de acción en su construcción. Hacemos referencia a producciones curriculares realizadas en: Ministerio de Educación de la provincia de Tierra del Fuego (2010-2012 – nivel primario de EDJA), Municipalidad de Córdoba (2018-2019 - nivel primario de EDJA); Municipalidad de Villa María (nivel secundario de EDJA en la 2020-2021) y Secretaria de Educación de provincia de Buenos Aires (nivel secundario de EDJA - 2022).
Chemical Carcinogens in Food
Authors: Bolukbas Ozdemir Sule , Peltek Kendirci Havva Nur
Published: October 2024

The word carcinogenic is defined as the capacity of a compound to unleash the cancer development process in humans and animals by acting on one of the different organs or tissues under appropriate conditions. However, with the demonstration of different mechanisms involved in carcinogenesis, it is accepted that this definition is not sufficient. From an experimental perspective, a compound is considered carcinogenic when its administration to laboratory animals causes a statistically significant increase in the incidence of one or more types of histological neoplasia compared to animals in a control group not exposed to the substance.

The use of chemical compounds benefits society in different ways. For example, pesticides enable food to be produced in sufficient quantities to meet the needs of millions of people. However, from time to time these benefits can turn into bad results with some disadvantages, especially the toxic side effects of the chemical compounds used. Exposure to these compounds can have effects ranging from sudden death to a gradual process of chemical carcinogenesis. There are three stages in chemical carcinogenesis. These; They are classified as initiation, promotion and progression. Each of these stages is characterized by morphological and biochemical changes and consists of genetic and/or epigenetic changes. Genetic modifications include: mutations in genes that control cell proliferation, cell death, and DNA repair; namely, mutations in proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. Epigenetic factors, which are also thought to have a non-genetic character, may also contribute to carcinogenesis through epigenetic mechanisms that silence gene expression.
Liver and Gallbladder
Authors: Arpaci Muhammed Furkan
Published: October 2024

This chapter explains the gross anatomical structure of the liver, such as its general morphometric structure, functions, visceral and diaphragmatic surfaces, lobes, segments, and the formations in these parts. Then, the portal system in the liver, portal lobules and acinuses, the formations that hold the liver in position and the liver’s neighborhoods are included. The relationship between the liver and the peritoneum, peritoneal and non-peritoneal areas, the surfaces of the liver, the formation of the hepatic portal vein draining to the liver from the digestive system, and the portal circulation within the liver are explained. Finally, about the liver, we described the liver’s vessels, innervation, and lymphatic circulation.

In the gallbladder section, the morphometric features of the gallbladder, its anatomical localization and Calot’s triangle are explained. In continuation, bile ducts, their relationships with the liver and gallbladder, the opening of these ducts to the duodenum and their sphincters are mentioned. Finally, this part describes the vascular and nerve formations of the gallbladder.

In the clinical anatomy part, the clinical anatomy of the liver and gallbladder and the most common diseases seen in the clinic are explained. The relationships of these diseases with anatomy are evaluated as much as possible.
The Splen
Authors: Palanci Ozgur
Published: October 2024

In this section, the anatomy of the spleen is examined in detail. The spleen is one of the most important organs of our body and acts as an important part of the hematopoietic system and the immune system. It also plays an important role in storing and filtering blood and producing various blood cells. Anatomically, the spleen is roughly divided into two parts: the white pulp and the red pulp. The white pulp contains cells of the immune system and represents an important site for antibody production. The red pulp is responsible for filtering blood cells and recovering the reusable components of damaged cells.
Pulmonary and Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis
Authors: Tetikkurt Cuneyt
Published: October 2024

Tuberculosis is a contagious and potentially life-threatening infectious disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Primarily affecting the lungs, known as pulmonary tuberculosis, tubeculosis can also spread to other parts of the body, leading to extrapulmonary tuberculosis. This versatile pathogen can lie dormant for years, presenting a significant public health challenge due to its complex transmission dynamics and the emergence of drug-resistant strains. Effective diagnosis, treatment, and prevention strategies are critical in combating this ancient yet persistent disease.
Effect of Diabetes Mellitus on Ocular Tissues
Authors: Ture Huseyin , Arman Berkay Hasan
Published: October 2024

Diabetes mellitus exerts significant effects on ocular tissues, posing risks to both the anterior and posterior segments of the eye. In the anterior segment, chronic hyperglycemia can lead to dry eye syndrome due to changes in tear film composition and reduced corneal sensitivity. Additionally, diabetic patients are prone to developing cataracts at an earlier age and with accelerated progression, attributed to the accumulation of sorbitol within lens fibers. Moreover, alterations in lens hydration and refractive index contribute to the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy (DR), a major concern in the posterior segment. Diabetic retinopathy manifests through microvascular changes, including capillary basement membrane thickening, endothelial cell loss, and pericyte dropout, which compromise retinal perfusion and lead to ischemia. This ischemic state triggers the release of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), promoting neovascularization that can result in vitreous hemorrhage and tractional retinal detachment, threatening vision. Effective management involves stringent glycemic control, regular ophthalmic screenings, and timely intervention with laser photocoagulation or anti-VEGF therapy to mitigate vision-threatening complications associated with diabetic eye disease.
Diabetic Ketoacidosis in Children and Adolescents
Authors: Buyukinan Muammer
Published: October 2024

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in children and adolescents with diabetes mellitus is a serious acute complication characterized by hyperglycemia, ketosis, and metabolic acidosis. It often occurs due to an absolute insulin deficiency, leading to increased lipolysis and ketogenesis. Symptoms include nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and altered mental status. Prompt recognition and treatment are crucial to prevent life-threatening complications such as cerebral edema and organ failure. Treatment involves intravenous fluids to correct dehydration, insulin therapy to lower blood glucose and ketone levels, and electrolyte replacement to restore balance. Close monitoring of blood glucose, electrolytes, and clinical status is essential during treatment. Education for patients and caregivers is vital to recognize early signs of DKA and prevent recurrence through regular insulin administration, adherence to treatment plans, and awareness of triggers like illness or inadequate insulin dosing.
Current Approach of Diabetes Mellitus in Obese Patients
Authors: Karaburgu Sulbiye
Published: October 2024

The current approach to managing diabetes mellitus in obese patients focuses on a comprehensive strategy that addresses both conditions simultaneously. Central to this approach is weight management through lifestyle modifications, including dietary changes and increased physical activity. Caloric restriction, with an emphasis on balanced nutrition that limits simple sugars and unhealthy fats while promoting fiber-rich foods, plays a crucial role. Regular exercise helps improve insulin sensitivity and facilitates weight loss. Pharmacotherapy may include medications that not only lower blood glucose levels but also aid in weight reduction, such as GLP-1 receptor agonists and SGLT-2 inhibitors. These agents have shown benefits beyond glycemic control by promoting weight loss and reducing cardiovascular risk factors. Bariatric surgery is considered for severely obese individuals with diabetes which is difficult to control with lifestyle modifications and medications alone. It can lead to significant weight loss and often results in remission or improvement of diabetes. Continuous monitoring of blood glucose levels, along with regular assessments of lipid profiles, kidney function, and cardiovascular risk factors, guides treatment adjustments and helps prevent complications. Patient education and ongoing support are essential to promote adherence to treatment plans and empower individuals to manage both diabetes and obesity effectively. Integrating these approaches ensures a holistic and personalized management strategy tailored to the unique needs of obese patients with diabetes mellitus.
Mental Health
Authors: Bilgin Hulya
Published: October 2024

To provide quality mental health care, a comprehensive assessment is needed. Without knowing what a person’s strengths and needs are, or at least might be, health professionals are unable to provide appropriate help and support.

The emphasis on what happens between the nurse and the patient has to do with practice. It describes how to make assessments, what interventions are eff ective in the various everyday situations in which nurses fi nd themselves, and how to devel-

op structures and systems to support this work.Within psychosocial assessment, the recovery approach, which takes a holistic view, focuses on the patient’s perception of strengths, needs, and goals and recognizes that individuals have personal strengths and abilities as well as needs. The purpose of this chapter is to describe the process of mental health assessment within the holistic nursing approach. It emphasizes that assessment is inextricably linked to other parts of the nursing process to create coherent, comprehensive, and personalized care for the patient and discusses the major components of mental health assessment, such as mental status using medical terminology, psychosocial assessment, and risk assessment.
Head and Neck
Authors: Alikan Berkay , Ayoglu Tuluha
Published: October 2024

A thorough head and neck examination is one of the fundamental abilities in clinical practice as well as one of the most vital. Since the face is the primary thing humans notice when they meet somebody for the first time, it is also relatively easy to observe symptoms that manifest on the face. However, accurately understanding and interpreting these symptoms can be challenging. Health professionals needs to be able to correctly assess the patient’s head and neck area as well as being able to detect the abnormalities.

This chapter highlights the anatomy and basics of the physical examination of the head and neck region, while also providing clinical information about the findings from the examination of the head and neck.
Immunotherapy for Prostate Cancer
Authors: Arikan Ozgur , Hamid-Zada Ilkin
Published: October 2024

In this section, we reviewed immunotherapy for metastatic castration-resistant PCa (mCRPC), which is a promising area of research. Sipuleucel-T, a vaccine, showed some survival benefit but limited PSA decline. Other vaccines and immune checkpoint inhibitors are being tested with mixed results. CAR-T cell therapy, where T cells are engineered to target cancer cells, is also under investigation. More studies are needed to determine the best immunotherapies for PCa.
Effects of Medicinal Plants and Phytochemicals on Schizophrenia
Authors: Mukemre Muzaffer , Dalar Abdullah
Published: October 2024

Humans need medicinal plants to continue their lives in a healthy way. This need will continue in the past, present, and future. The earth can be polluted naturally or by human sources. Medicinal plants consumed by humans for various purposes can be affected by this pollution. One of the important points that people should pay attention to is the use of medicinal plants without biological and chemical contamination. In this compiled book chapter, scientific studies on chemically and biologically contaminated medicinal plants and brain health are included. The current study is original and is expected to contribute to those interested in the subject.
Current Medicinal Plants in the Treatment of Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Dalar Abdullah , Mukemre Muzaffer
Published: October 2024

This chapter presents botanical and chemical properties, and therapeutic potential in neurological diseases of medicinal plants currently utilized in Parkinson’s disease. Parkinson’s disease is the second most common neurological brain disease that accompanied by movement disorders. Currently used modern medicines such as levodopa have serious side effects and therefore safe, and effective medicines from natural sources with minimized side effects are necessary for the management and/or treatment of Parkinson’s disease. Natural sources especially plant-based materials are rich in antioxidant compounds and therefore, they can be examined for the discovery of new drugs that can be used in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease. Within this chapter 18 common medicinal plants including Centella asiatica, Panax ginseng, Carthamus tinctorius, Mucuna pruriens, Gingko biloba, Hypericum perforatum, Ocimum santam, Hibiscus asper, Sida cordifolia, Tinospora cordifolia, Peganum harmala, Paeonia lactiflora, Bacopa monnieri, Polygola tenuifolia, Polygonum cuspidatum, Withania somnifera, Camellia sinensis, and Curcuma longa were reviewed. All medicinal plants reported in this chapter were found to have a common mode of action, namely stabilizing redox and stimulating mitochondrial function. It was determined that the chemical compounds of the plant species mentioned in this chapter have significant anti-Parkinson performance and therefore can be examined in clinical Parkinson’s studies which targeted for the discovery of natural-based effective and safe anti-Parkinson drugs.
Child Under International Protection and Temporary Protection in Türkiye
Authors: Altintop Apak Kerem
Published: October 2024

This article presents the existing normative framework for children under international protection and children under temporary protection in Türkiye in the context of the Convention on the Rights of the Child, and evaluates the international conventions that led to the emergence of the concepts of international protection and temporary protection together with the Convention on the Rights of the Child. It also analyses the rights of children under international protection and under temporary protection regarding education in Türkiye and the difficulties they face. In this context, it analyses what the relevant conventions correspond to in Türkiye and how Türkiye approaches them. The rights to education of children under international protection and temporary protection in Türkiye, the extent to which these rights are violated and what kind of problems they may cause, how the general political atmosphere affects access to rights, and what is experienced in the specific field of education are examined. Methodologically, existing publications, books and book chapters from national and international databases, as well as reports and publications of national and international non-governmental organisations and publications and statements of public institutions were examined.
Naphthalene Analysis in Honey by Gas Chromatography Technology
Authors: Izol Ebubekir
Published: October 2024

Honey is a very important natural food consumed as a source of healing. However, it can become harmful due to different chemicals mixed into the content of honey. Naphthalene is a carcinogenic hydrocarbon compound that forms residues in honey. Naphthalene, which beekeepers use to prevent honeycombs from mothballing but are prohibited from using, has many harmful effects on health. The Turkish Food Codex Honey Communiqué states that naphthalene in honey can be at a maximum concentration of 10 µm/kg. Many international organizations and states have set this limit. Therefore, naphthalene analysis is an important parameter required in honey analysis. In this chapter, the importance of naphthalene analysis in honey and current practices are explained.
Spectrophotometric Methods of Proline and Diastase Analysis in Honey
Authors: Yurt Bayram
Published: October 2024

Honey is the most produced and consumed bee product and is a gift from the Creator to humanity. However, regular chemical analysis is necessary to determine the quality of honey and whether it is fake. Proline and diastase analyzes are also included in the basis of honey-related analyzes. Proline is an amino acid found in honey, while diastase is an enzyme. The quality of honey is determined by these two analyzes. The methods of these analyzes are generally applied spectrophotometrically. Therefore, in this chapter, spectrophotometric applications of proline and diastase analysis, which are important quality parameters in honey, are included.
Effects of Extraction Methods Used on Propolis
Authors: Turhan Munire
Published: October 2024

Propolis, a natural biological product obtained from beekeeping, attracts attention with its many aspects, including antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antitumoral and anesthetic activity. In addition, due to its very low toxicity, it is used as raw material in industries such as health, food and cosmetics.
Radiological Findings of Endometrial Cancer
Authors: Ozkacmaz Sercan
Published: October 2024

Endometrium cancer is the most common gynecological neoplasm which requires detailed radiological examination. MRI is very helpful for detecting the tumor, evaluating the invasion depth and also spreading to pelvic and extrapelvic organs. The information about sizes of the tumor, atypical enhancement patterns, myometrial invasion, cervical stromal invasion, extrauterine extension, lymph node mapping and distant metastasis must be researched for an optimal evaluation of an endometrium cancer.
Imaging of Soft Tissue Tumors
Authors: Yavas Huseyin Gokhan
Published: October 2024

Soft tissue tumors (STTs) arise from mesenchymal tissues and can occur in various body regions. They make up 4% of adult neoplasms and 7-10% of childhood neoplasms, with most being benign. Factors like genetics, environmental influences, and syndromic conditions contribute to their development. The WHO's 2020 classification divides STTs into eleven groups based on genotypic and phenotypic traits, categorizing them into malignant, intermediate, and benign tumors. Imaging is crucial for STT diagnosis and management. While traditional radiographs help detect lesions and calcifications, advanced imaging techniques like ultrasonography (US), computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provide detailed evaluations. MRI is particularly valuable, offering comprehensive information about the lesion’s location, content, and relationship with surrounding tissues, using advanced sequences like T1- and T2-weighted imaging, MR perfusion, spectroscopy, and diffusion MRI. US is useful for superficial lesions and guiding interventional procedures, while CT is advantageous for complex anatomical assessments. Diagnosis involves a thorough clinical history, physical examination, and systematic radiological evaluation. Specific STTs have distinct imaging features. Synovial sarcoma appears as a heterogeneous mass near joints, often with increased contrast enhancement. Liposarcomas show significant fatty content with enhancing septa or nodules. Peripheral nerve sheath tumors (PNSTs), such as schwannomas and neurofibromas, present as fusiform masses on MRI. Hemangiomas are identified by high signal intensity on T2-weighted MRI, and giant cell tumors of the tendon sheath (GCTTS) show low signal intensity due to hemosiderin. In summary, a multidisciplinary approach with advanced imaging techniques, especially MRI, is essential for accurate diagnosis and effective management of STTs.
Imaging in Pediatric Thoracic and Abdominopelvic Tumors
Authors: Dag Nurullah , Ozturk Mehmet
Published: October 2024

This section consists of three main titles: Thoracic, Hepatobiliary, and Urogenital Malignancies. In each section, the most common malignancies are discussed under subheadings. The spectrum of pediatric lesions differs from that of adults. Age is also an important criterion for the diagnosis of lesions in children. It should also be noted that lesions associated with genetic diseases or infections, as well as proliferative and hamartomatous non-neoplastic lesions, are common in this period. Imaging modalities provide useful information for tumor characterization, staging, and treatment planning. Common malignant tumors in each section have been reviewed with radiologic case examples.
Interventional Radiological Treatments in Kidney Tumors
Authors: Akinci Muhammed Bilal
Published: October 2024

The chapter discusses interventional radiological treatments as an alternative to surgery for treating early-stage kidney tumors. The growing use of imaging techniques has led to more frequent detection of kidney tumors, with the challenge of distinguishing between benign and malignant tumors. While surgery remains the standard treatment for malignant tumors, minimally invasive percutaneous image-guided procedures are becoming increasingly common for certain patients.
Interventional Radiological Pain Management Techniques for Cancer Patients
Authors: Yildiz Mehmet Siddik
Published: October 2024

This chapter examines Interventional radiology techniques used in managing cancer-related pain, which affects over 10 million patients annually worldwide. Desp!te advancements in treatment, pain prevalence remains high, reaching 54.6% in advanced cancer cases. The World Health Organization’s (WHO) updated analgesic ladder provides a structured approach to pain management, incorporating interventional methods.Sympathetic blocks and neurolysis are used for persistent visceral cancer pain, employing local anesthetics or chemical agents to disrupt pain signals. The celiac ganglion block is effective for managing pain from upper abdominal cancers, while the superior hypogastric plexus block is used for pain from lower abdominal cancers. The ganglion Impar block is utilized for pain management !n perineal cancers. Ep!dural steroid injections treat pain from spinal malignancies, offering an alternative to systemic corticosteroids. Vertebral augmentation and ablation control pain and stabilize vertebrae affected by sp!nal metastases, using techniques such as vertebroplasty, kyphoplasty, and tumor ablation.These interventional methods provide effective pain relief, enhancing the quality of life for cancer patients.
Brain and Cytokines
Authors: Cetik Yildiz Songul
Published: October 2024

Cytokines are low molecular weight glycoproteins that play a role in cell maturation, differentiation, inflammation, immunity and tissue repair. Cytokines are responsible for the propagation of the neuroinflammatory response as well as an indicator of the presence of the neuroinflammatory response. Although the neuroprotective and neurotrophic effects of cytokines have been demonstrated, it is well known that they are necessary for nerve development and maintenance of normal central nervous system functions. Cytokines reach the brain: Cytokines may be passively transported to brain cells from the circumventricular area, which lacks the blood-brain barrier. Second, cytokines may bind to the cerebral vascular endothelium, triggering the production of secondary transporters such as prostaglandin and nitric oxide. And it has been reported that the transport of cytokines through the blood-brain barrier via the carrier causes the activation of peripheral sensory nerve endings in the regions where the cytokines are released. It has been shown that peripheral cytokines, in addition to active transport, can also cross the blood-brain barrier through the choroid plexus regions.
Immunotherapy in Chronic Leukemias
Authors: Kozan Esin Oguz , Tiftik Eyup Naci
Published: October 2024

Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) is a clonal myeloproliferative hematopoietic stem cell disorder. The most important immunotherapeutic drugs in the treatment of CML are tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) and interferon. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia, another type of chronic leukemia, is one of the B cell chronic lymphoproliferative disorders. It is used in the treatment of three types of drug groups: anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies, anti-CD19 monoclonal antibodies and bruton thyrosine kinase inhibitors.
Evaluation of Urban Forestation Studies in Terms of Function
Authors: Tascioglu Saliha
Published: October 2024

Open and green spaces provide a balance between solids and volids and contribute positively to the urban climate, pedestrian and vehicle traffic. They help to reduce harmful environmental elements like noise and dust, store groundwater, and control erosion while also supplying fresh air. In addition, it softens of the building stock, covers ugly views and adds aesthetic views to the city, and provides a better perception of the spaces by establishing a balance between the human and the environment in terms of size. Urban trees improve the appearance of the city and give it a more pleasant, natural feel. Urban area plantings have aesthetic, ecological, psychological, hygienic and functional benefits. The growing urban population of today makes more green space necessary. Due to land scarcity, cities are under tremendous pressure to implement afforestation initiatives. The urban environment can be enhanced by urban afforestation.
Overview: Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT)
Authors: Cakir Tahir , Tuncel Nina
Published: October 2024

The field of cancer treatment has witnessed numerous advancements over the decades, with innovative therapies continually being developed to improve patient outcomes and reduce side effects. Among these, Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) stands out as a promising and unique approach that leverages the principles of nuclear physics and chemistry to selectively target and destroy cancer cells. This section discusses BNCT and its latest challenges.
The Effect of Climate Change on Plant Parasitic Nematodes
Authors: Gurkan Betul , Gurkan Tolga
Published: October 2024

Climate change is defined as permanent changes in the Earth’s weather conditions, such as temperature, precipitation, and wind. The main impacts of climate change include global warming, increase in weather events, sea level rise, damage to ecosystems, melting of glaciers, negative impacts on agriculture, water resources and human health. The biology and physiology of plant parasitic nematodes are regulated by environmental factors, (such as temperature, humidity, precipitation, and soil CO2 levels). which is one of the indicators of climate change. Climate change weather extremes such as increased temperature due to global warming, drought, forest fires, high CO2 conditions, increased rainfall, humidity conditions and storms affect the biodiversity, distribution, reproduction, survival and parasitic potential of plant parasitic nematodes. Since changes in CO2, temperature and precipitation levels caused by climate change will increase the proliferation, distribution and damage potential of plant parasitic nematode populations, there is a need to develop appropriate strategies for the control of nematodes that will be effective in situations of global warming in order to prevent significant reductions in crop yields in the future.
Impact of Climate Change on the Physiology and Biochemical Structures of Plants
Authors: Turker Serdar
Published: October 2024

Climate change is defined as the effects of the increase in surface temperatures of the earth due to emissions of carbon dioxide, chlorofluorocarbons and other radioactive greenhouse gases released into the atmosphere. Climate change affects not only the condition of fruits to meet the need for winter cooling requirement, but also increases in the incidence of physiological disorders, pollination failure and other elements such as phenology. This will especially accelerate the fruit ripening time, causing them to be harvested early at lower maturity levels. Depending on these, it will also cause negative effects on the quality and quality of the fruit. This will cause low quality or low total product, especially in some plants, their yield, such as fullness and grain weight, and in others, they will be exposed to early flowering and, accordingly, frost damage, resulting in low quality or total product.
Treatment of Depression in Children and Adolescents
Authors: Kizil Neval , Uyar Betul
Published: October 2024

Depression is a prevalent disorder among children and adolescents, with significant rates of recurrence and suicide risk. The prevalence of Major Depressive Disorder varies by age and geography, with higher rates in adolescents and boys. Symptoms in children include depressed mood, irritability, and academic decline, while genetic and psychosocial factors increase risk. Effective treatment involves psychoeducation, CBT, and pharmacotherapy, with SSRIs like fluoxetine being commonly used. Combining pharmacotherapy with CBT is most effective for moderate to severe cases. Resistant cases may require additional strategies such as venlafaxine, antipsychotics, or ECT. Family involvement is crucial for treatment compliance and motivation. Maintenance treatment should continue for 6-12 months post-remission to prevent relapse.
Viral Pneumonia in Children
Authors: Olcay Mahmut
Published: October 2024

Abnormal wound healing of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is characterized by an inappropriate wound healing response following lung injury, leading to excessive proliferation of fibroblasts and deposition of extracellular matrix proteins. Fibroblasts and myofibroblasts are central players in the fibrotic process, these cells proliferate and produce large amounts of collagen and other matrix components, contributing to the stiffening of lung tissue. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition of epithelial cells transform into mesenchymal cells, adding to the fibroblast population and promoting fibrosis. Mutations in genes related to telomere maintenance (e.g., TERT, TERC) and surfactant proteins (e.g., SFTPC, SFTPA2) have been implicated in familial and sporadic cases of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Environmental triggers as cigarette smoking, a well-established risk factor that can exacerbate lung damage and fibrosis; occupational exposures like contact with certain dusts, such as metal and wood dust, and agricultural chemicals may increase the risk. Chronic viral infections have been suggested as potential triggers for the fibrotic process.

Usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) is the hallmark histopathological pattern of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis characterized by patchy fibrosis with areas of fibrosis interspersed with relatively normal lung tissue; honeycombing with formation of cystic spaces, typically subpleural and paraseptal, lined by bronchiolar epithelium; fibroblastic foci displaying clusters of proliferating fibroblasts and myofibroblasts at the edges of fibrotic areas, indicating active disease; temporal and spatial heterogeneity revealing presence of lesions at different stages of development within the same lung, reflecting ongoing fibrotic activity.
The Legal Framework of Alcohol Consumption in Turkey
Authors: Yildiz Ali Kemal
Published: October 2024

The legal framework of alcohol consumption in Turkey is multifaceted and governed by various laws and regulations. This study provides an in-depth analysis of the legal aspects surrounding alcohol consumption in Turkey. It delves into the constitutional, legislative, and regulatory dimensions concerning the production, sale, advertisement, and consumption of alcoholic beverages. The study highlights key provisions from the Turkish Constitution and relevant laws, such as the Law on Regulation of Tobacco, Tobacco Products and Alcohol Market, governing the production and sale of alcohol. Additionally, it examines the prohibition on advertising alcoholic beverages and the imposition of age, time, and place limitations on their sale. The legal consequences of alcohol consumption, including its impact on criminal liability and disciplinary offenses, are thoroughly explored. Moreover, the study addresses specific legal provisions related to alcohol consumption in the workplace, driving under the influence, and its implications in family law and violence prevention. Overall, this comprehensive analysis sheds light on the intricate legal framework surrounding alcohol consumption in Turkey, emphasizing the importance of regulatory measures to mitigate its adverse effects on individuals and society.
Nutrition in Post-Menoposal Women
Authors: Peker Nurullah , Ilbay Mehmet Salih
Published: October 2024

Menopause refers to a point in time that follows 1 year after complete cessation of menstruation. Menopausal transition and years spent in the post-menopausal state bring with them issues related to quality of life and disease prevention and manegement. With the onset of menopause and due to the lacking effect of estrogen, basal metabolism of the female body decreases significantly.

During perimenopause and menopause, many lifestyle factors can reduce the risk of developing diseases (cardiovascular disease, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, osteoporosis and tumors) and symptoms specific to this period with appropriate nutritional diets.

The management and prevention of osteoporosis and related low energy fractures start with a correct lifestyle and proper nutrition. Calcium is the main actor in bone health. It is the principal component of the mineralized bone matrix where more than 99% of the total body calcium is contained; its key role in maintaining bone health throughout life has been recognized by many studies.

Alterations in lipid metabolism and excessive adipose tissue play a key role in the synthesis of excess fatty acids, adipocytokines, proinflammatory cytokines, and reactive oxygen species, which cause lipid peroxidation and result in the development of insulin resistance, abdominal adiposity, and dyslipidemia.

Oxidative stres is defined as a derangement in the balance between oxidants and antioxidants, which damages biological structures and contributes to disease progression.

As menopause is associated with altered lipid levels and increased risk of metabolic disorders, including CVD, postmenopausal women must consume recommended diets and beneficial foods.
ANÁLISE PEDAGÓGICA SOBRE O PERFIL DO HOMEM-PRESO
Authors: Campos Marilza Stadler , Garcia Irene Raquel
Published: October 2024

A pesquisa envolveu uma análise pedagógica do perfil dos alunos, enquanto homens-presos, no Centro de Regime Semiaberto de Guarapuava - CRAG. Sobre a perspectiva da Pesquisa Social, comprovou-se por meio de dados estatísticos e análises de documentos que o modelo de ressocialização proposto pelo Estado do Paraná tem vínculo efetivo com o trabalho educacional proposto e desenvolvido atualmente. Apesar das particularidades e especificidades do sistema penitenciário, ainda podemos acreditar na recuperação do homem, utilizando como principal instrumento a educação.
HUMANIZAÇAO NA UTI – DIFICULDADES ENCONTRADAS PARA SUA IMPLEMENTAÇAO UMA REVISAO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Soares Larissa Gramazio , Reis Maria Rosário , Soares Leticia Gramazio
Published: October 2024

Revisão sistemática da literatura científica, com objetivo de verificar nos artigos as dificuldades encontradas na implementação da humanização na UTI. Nos resultados emergiram duas categorias: dificuldades na efetivação e pontos positivos que facilitaram a prática, onde rigidez de rotinas e horários, condições de trabalho e desgaste emocional caracterizam as dificuldades e pontos positivos: família, cuidado integral e relação com o paciente. Destacamos, portanto a necessidade da adequação da UTI e um serviço específico para planejar, organizar e implementar um programa específico de humanização.
SOBRE OS SABERES QUE ORIENTAM A ATUAÇÃO DOCENTE NO ENSINO DE CIÊNCIAS NOS ANOS INICIAIS DO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL
Authors: Silva Vantielen da Silva , Meglhioratti Fernanda Aparecida
Published: October 2024

O ensino de Ciências da Natureza nos anos iniciais tornou-se uma temática de grande relevância, porém, muitas investigações apresentam que a docência tem se limitado a práticas transmissivas e limitadas ao uso do livro didático, havendo necessidade de ações mais reflexivas e investigativas. Diante disso, com esse trabalho, buscamos dar respostas à questão: quais são os saberes que orientam a atuação do professor nos anos iniciais no que se refere ao ensino de Ciências?  Para o desenvolvimento desta pesquisa utilizamos de referenciais bibliográficos e documentais. Estes oportunizaram a compreensão de que o professor necessita saber sobre os aspectos específicos da área de Ciências e, ainda, ter uma ampla visão sobre educação.
ATIVIDADE FÍSICA E FATORES INFLUENTES NA QUEDA EM IDOSOS: REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: Paintner Adriele Izabel Caldas , Almeida Pablo
Published: October 2024

O envelhecimento proporciona um declínio das condições e capacidades físicas, entre elas, a força muscular, prejuízos na flexibilidade muscular e no equilíbrio, ocasionando eventos incapacitantes nessa faixa etária, entre os quais se destaca a ocorrência de quedas. O presente estudo tem como objetivo apresentar uma revisão referente aos benefícios resultantes da atividade física em idosos sobre os fatores influentes na queda. Método: Revisão de 16 estudos publicados entre os anos de 2004 e 2014, nas bases de dados SciELO. Foram excluídos os estudos que eram relatos de casos ou que avaliavam a qualidade de vida associada a alguma doença específica e aqueles nos quais havia a presença de outra intervenção concomitante.
DE UM APERTO DE MÃO A UM BEIJO ROUBADO: ANÁLISE SEMIÓTICA DE “EU NÃO QUERO VOLTAR SOZINHO”
Authors: Da Cruz Bruna Sousa , Galego Luís Gustavo da Conceição
Published: October 2024

O presente trabalho faz uma análise semiótica do curta-metragem brasileiro Eu não quero voltar sozinho a partir da seleção de cinco cenas que caracterizavam algum tipo de interação, ou pré-interação, indicativa de homossexualidade. Para tal análise foi feita uma adaptação da linha de análise de Charles Peirce, utilizando como parâmetros o índice, o contexto, e o sentido. Ao final percebe-se que o diretor utiliza os planos como signos para mostrar a evolução do envolvimento entre os personagens Leonardo e Gabriel. Nota-se também que a análise dos signos e seus significados pode se tornar uma importante ferramenta para o educador.
Implementando autenticação de segurança com um servidor Freeradius em uma rede wi-fi com AP’s Unifi gerenciados pelo sistema operacional RouterOS
Authors: Levy Guilherme
Published: October 2024

O presente artigo traz o conceito de autenticação de segurança para conexão em uma rede wi-fi, além de informações de componentes e métodos necessários para configuração de um servidor RADIUS. Em seguida será demonstrada a instalação e configuração do sistema operacional Debian com a ferramenta Freeradius em um servidor que fará a busca das credenciais de autenticação em um banco de dados SQL, com o objetivo de gerenciar e selecionar os usuários que se conectam na rede wi-fi utilizando o protocolo EAP, melhorando a segurança e o tráfego de dados de forma eficaz e bloqueando acessos de usuários não autorizados à rede.
INFLUÊNCIA DA TÉCNICA DE LUMBAR ROLL NA FUNCIONALIDADE DA COLUNA LOMBAR – ESTUDO CLÍNICO, CONTROLADO E RANDOMIZADO.
Authors: Campos Silva Celina
Published: October 2024

A terapia manual é caracterizada pela aplicação de uma manobra de alta velocidade e baixa amplitude. O presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar a influencia da técnica (Lumbar Roll) na funcionalidade da coluna lombar. Estudo clinico controlado aleatorizado, amostra composta por grupo experimental e grupo controle. A análise intragrupo obteve para o grupo experimental p=0,000 e para o grupo controle p=0,164. Concluiu-se que a técnica de manipulação demonstrou-se eficaz na melhora da qualidade de vida dos indivíduos submetidos à manipulação.
AVALIAÇÃO DA QUALIDADE DE VIDA EM IDOSOS DIABÉTICOS: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA
Authors: Da Silva Luiz Augusto , Goés Lucas Garçoa
Published: October 2024

Esse trabalho tem como objetivo discutir sobre como é a qualidade de vida em idosos diabéticos, e como e quais hábitos podem influenciar de maneira positiva ou negativa na saúde desses idosos, tanto em áreas urbanas ou zonas rurais. Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática, onde foram selecionados artigos científicos em diversas bibliotecas virtuais e através de um processo de filtragem, foram selecionados os artigos para embasar esse trabalho, a composição dessa revisão sistemática possui artigos atualizados com autores que chegaram a conclusões parecidas.
NEUROPLASTICIDADE NUMA PERSPECTIVA HISTÓRICO CULTURAL
Authors: Schon Viviane de Jesus , Silva Weslley Kozlik
Published: October 2024

Este artigo traz conceitos da neurociência, mais especificamente a plasticidade neural, termo que diz respeito a capacidade do cérebro humano de se adaptar ao ambiente, aprendendo e se modificando. O objetivo desse trabalho é compreender a neuroplasticidade à luz da teoria histórico-cultural, trata-se de uma pesquisa de revisão bibliográfica. Os trabalhos de Vygotsky deram origem a teoria histórico-cultural, que aprofundou a abordagem de que o homem não pode ser estudado separado das condições históricas, e socioculturais em que vive, as marcas da existência social não estão apenas nas coisas, mas na mente do ser humano, que elabora conceitos a partir dos signos com os quais se relaciona.
Os efeitos da utilização da acupuntura no tratamento da paralisia facial periférica – uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Zahernski Daiana Caldas , Silva Liseu , Barbosa Danillo
Published: October 2024

A presente revisão sistemática tem como objetivo encontrar estudos entre os anos de 2010 e 2020, que comprovem a real eficácia da utilização da acupuntura na paralisia facial periférica. Através de uma pesquisa nas bases de dados PubMed, SciELO, Cocrhane, Lilacs e PeDro foi encontrado apenas seis estudos que se encaixaram nos critérios de elegibilidade do estudo. Pode-se concluir que a acupuntura é uma técnica eficaz e segura para ser aplicada nas sequelas da paralisia facial periférica.
Declínio da aptidão física associada à idade: homens versus mulheres
Authors: Honorato Ilma Celia Ribeiro , Okonoski Aline
Published: October 2024

O propósito do presente estudo foi investigar as diferenças da aptidão física relacionadas à saúde de homens e mulheres de diferentes grupos etários. A amostra foi composta de 974 indivíduos, sendo 484 do sexo masculino e 490 do sexo feminino, divididos em quatro grupos de acordo com idade e gênero: 14-19 anos (G1), 20-29 anos (G2), 30-39 anos (G3), 40-49 anos (G4). Todos os sujeitos foram submetidos a avaliação antropométrica e testes de desempenho motor como: flexão de braço, sentar e alcançar, abdominal e avaliação cardiorrespiratória. Para análise estatística, utilizou-se o teste de Shapiro-Wilk e Levene para avaliação da normalidade e homogeneidade e para a comparação da aptidão física entre as faixas etárias utilizou-se Analise de Variância com teste post hoc de Tukey, assumindo o valor de α=0,05. A massa corporal, o percentual de gordura e o índice de massa corporal apresentaram aumento significativo com o avanço da idade em ambos os gêneros. Houve redução significativa nos valores do teste de abdominais (ABD) para ambos os gêneros, sendo estatisticamente significativo a partir dos 30-39 anos para as mulheres e dos 40-49 anos para os homens. Por outro lado, não houve diferença significativa nos valores do teste de flexão de braços entre as faixas etárias. Não houve diferença significativa nos valores do teste sentar e alcançar entre as faixas etárias em ambos os gênero. Houve diminuição significativa VO2máx com a idade em ambos os gêneros, principalmente a partir dos 30-39 anos para as mulheres e dos 40-49 anos para os homens. Conclui-se que os níveis de aptidão física relacionada à saúde tendem a serem inferiores entre adultos de faixas etárias mais elevadas quando comparado com idades mais novas em ambos os sexos e grupos etários e que o declínio foi mais precoce entre as mulheres, especialmente na aptidão neuromuscular e cardiorrespiratória.
Atribuições da enfermagem na ventilação mecânica por tubo orotraqueal em pacientes na unidade de terapia intensiva adulto
Authors: Rosa William Ferreira , Santana Lucas Fagundes , Gabriel Katiuscia de Oliveira Francisco
Published: October 2024

O presente revela as atribuições dos enfermeiros em ventilação mecânica nas unidades de terapia intensiva adulto. O objetivo do estudo é apresentar com evidências científicas em relação a cuidados de enfermagem realizados aos pacientes sujeitos a ventilação mecânica por tubo orotraqueal. O estudo será pautado em pesquisa bibliográfica. A equipe de enfermagem exerce um papel fundamental na unidade de terapia intensiva, cuidados em pacientes mais graves, organização e supervisão dos serviços, desenvolvendo de forma compartilhada, atividades de assistência e gestão.
BIOSSEGURANÇA EM ODONTOLOGIA E COVID 19: UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: Zingler Karina Fontoura
Published: October 2024

A prática da odontologia sempre exigiu de forma rotineira uma série de cuidados em relação á biossegurança. Portanto, atualmente devido a uma pandemia que surgiu em dezembro de 2019, nova doença respiratória causada pelo coronavírus, nos traz uma série de questionamentos quanto a efetividade no combate a infecção cruzada, sendo que, na odontologia por ser uma profissão com relação a cavidade bucal, a orientação no primeiro momento foi a suspensão dos atendimentos eletivos, exigindo mudanças expressivas nospadrões adotados.