bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Microhabitat Associations of Rodents on Pinon Canyon Maneuver Site, Southeastern Colorado
Authors:   , Kuenzi Jill
Published: February 2023

Microhabitat associations among small mammals and between mammals and ground cover were investigated in 1989 as part of a federal program to survey the ecology of military installations. The survey was conducted on Pinon Canyon Maneuver Site, Colorado, and was designed to sample all types of habitats. Habitats sampled included grasslands, shrub lands, and woodlands. Analyses using descriptive statistics, ordination, and correlation coefficients revealed significant associations among 11 of 14 species of mammals trapped and between the mammals and 19 of 24 species of plants recorded. The significant associations were compared with available literature. Probable reasons for each of the significant associations were briefly discussed.
Perceptions and Attitudes of Administrators and Teachers Towards Inclusion
Authors:   , Kilgariff Pamela
Published: February 2023

The purpose of the researcher was to investigate the attitudes of building administrators and teachers towards inclusion. The following independent variables were investigated: years of experience, building grade level, college hours in special education, position and amount of formal education. The dependent variables were scores from the following subscales of the Schools and the Education for All Students survey: Scale 1 (Attitudes Towards Inclusion), Scale 2 (Support System for Inclusion) and Total. The sample consisted of 158 administrators and teachers. Five composite null hypotheses were tested, employing a three-way analysis of variance (general linear model) at the .0500 level. A total of 54 comparisons were made plus 51 recurring. Of the 54 comparisons, 15 were for main effects and 39 were for interactions. Of the 15 main effects, 11 were significant at the .0500 level. Of the 39 interactions, 9 were significant at the .0500 level. The results of the present study appeared to support the following generalizations: 1. administrators and teachers with 1-15 years of experience have more positive attitudes towards inclusion than those with 16-24, 2. administrators have a more positive attitude towards support systems than those in other positions, 3. paraprofessionals have a more positive attitude towards support systems than special education teachers, 4. years of experience and grade level should be interpreted concurrently for attitudes towards support systems, 5. years of experience and grade level should be interpreted concurrently for attitudes towards and support systems for inclusion, 6. grade level and position should be interpreted concurrently for attitudes towards and support systems for inclusion, 7. grade level and amount of formal education should be interpreted concurrently for attitudes towards inclusion, 8. years of experience, grade level and amount of formal education should be interpreted concurrently for attitudes towards inclusion, 9. grade level and amount of formal education should be interpreted concurrently for attitudes for inclusion, 10. grade level and amount of formal education should be interpreted concurrently for attitudes towards and support systems for inclusion, 11. years of experience, grade level and amount of formal education should be interpreted concurrently for attitudes towards and support systems for inclusion, 12. grade level and position should be interpreted concurrently for attitudes towards inclusion, and 13. administrators and teachers had a positive attitude towards inclusion.
Evolution of Thought
Authors:   , Eulert Amy
Published: February 2023

The main focus of my work is escaping from a hectic life of home, work, and school into nature where one is allowed the solitude needed to contemplate life. My thesis is divided into four categories, or steps towards pure thought. These include the kitchen, the garden, a journey into nature and finally a non-objective world.
The Effects of Neutering on Pre-Puberal and Post-Puberal Male Dogs
Authors:   , Hauptman Mark
Published: February 2023

This study investigates the effects of neutering on male dogs, utilizing three dependent variables; dominance, weight gain, and social responsiveness towards humans. Seven hybrid subjects were divided between pre-puberal and post-puberal subject groups and administered tests measuring the dependent variables. A two week pre-treatment period was followed by the neutering treatment and eight weeks of post- treatment observation. It is hypothesized the neutering treatment would not observably change the dependent variables among the neutered and intact subjects. The present study indicated neutering did not observably change dominance position in either pre- or post-puberal subjects. Also, no major weight gain was discovered in either pre- or post-puberal subject data. A discrepancy was discovered between pre - and post-puberal subject data when post-puberal neutered subjects were found to become more socially responsive to humans following neutering treatment. No observable change was discovered in pre - puberal subjects. Possible explanations for these findings were offered and suggestions for future research were made.
Subspecies of Mammals on the Central Great Plains
Authors:   , Carr Carla
Published: February 2023

Does the subspecies concept reflect meaningful subdivisions within small mammal species on the Central Great Plains? The 11 species of mammals included in this study exhibit an east-west pattern of variation in pelage color and size. Because of this variation, earlier researchers divided these species into eastern and western subspecies. Based on examination of morphological characters in museum specimens and perusal of previous studies, I reviewed the systematic status of these nominal taxa. To determine whether existing subspecific divisions are in accordance with the current subspecies concept, I examined patterns of intergradation in size and pelage coloration. I regarded those subspecies that apparently intergrade over a narrow zone to be valid. Because pelage color and size are influenced by the environment, I did not regard clinal variation in these characters alone as an indication of evolutionary divergence. Therefore, subspecies on the Central Great Plains that intergrade over a board zone may not be evolutionary subunits that warrant recognition. I am not proposing any taxonomic changes in the 11 species of mammals included in this study. Rather, I am identifying what I assume are the correct names for the infraspecific divisions of species on the Central Great Plains in accordance with the modern subspecies concept. Lacking evidence to the contrary, I assign all eastern moles in Kansas and Nebraska to S. a. machrinoides, all eastern cottontails to Sylvilagus floridanus alacer, all thirteen-lined ground squirrels to Spermophilus tridecemlineatus tridecemlineatus, all hispid pocket mice to Chaetodipus hispidus paradoxus, and all plains harvest mice to Reithrodontomys montanus albescens. Current subspecific designations within the big brown bat (Eptesicus fuscus), the plains pocket mouse (Perognathus flavescens), the plains pocket gopher (Geomys bursarius), the deer mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus), the white-footed mouse (Peromyscus leucopus), and eastern woodrat (Neotoma floridana) are retained.
Freshwater Mussels (Unionidae) in Streams of Northwestern Kansas
Authors:   , Bergman Shea
Published: February 2023

The Kansas River System currently represents the western range limit for 9 species of freshwater mussel, although 24 species were reported historically. The purpose of this study was to assess the current status of native mussels (Unionidae) and the Asian clam, Corbicula fluminea, in northwestern Kansas. I sampled 81 sites in the Saline, Smoky Hill, Solomon, and Republican river basins in Kansas. In addition to the non-indigenous Asian clam, 16 unionid species were collected. Potamilus ohiensis, Quadrula quadrula, Leptodea fragilis, and Corbicula fluminea were common within the study area, whereas six species were uncommon or rare. Seven unionid species were collected as weathered shells only. Anodontoides ferussacianus, a species in need of conservation (SNIC), was collected from the Saline and Smoky Hills rivers. Many species have suffered range reductions within the study area, however, the Asian clam’s range is expanding westward in the Solomon, Saline, and Smoky Hill rivers. Postulated causes for the declining mussel fauna include climate change, pollution, excessive siltation, construction of impoundments, and the loss of host fish.
The Relationship of Moon Phase to Psychiatric Emergencies in a Mental Health Center
Authors:   , Walters Elizabeth
Published: February 2023

A review of literature dealing with moon phases and psychiatric emergencies was undertaken. It was found that few empirical studies were done and that the earlier empirical studies did not reveal a lunar relationship while more recent research indicated a positive relationship between lunar phases and human behavior. This study replicated the work but not the results of Blackman and Catalina (1973). Emergency psychiatric contacts to the High Plains Comprehensive Community Mental Health Center in Hays, Kansas, on the days of the full moon were compared with other periods during the month for the 12 month period August 1971 through July 1972. Significantly fewer emergency contacts were found on the full moon day when compared with a ten day interval before the full moon. The number of emergency contacts on the day of the full moon was significantly less than the number of emergency contacts during the week of the full moon. No other significant differences were found.
A Test of Three Models of Avoidance Behavior with Test Anxiety
Authors:   , Berg Ronald
Published: February 2023

The purpose of the present study was to replicate and expand on a study conducted by Feltz (1980). A path analytic procedure was utilized to evaluate the effectiveness of three theoretical models (an anxiety-based, Bandura, and Feltz) in predicting approach/avoidance behavior with 40 male and female highly test-anxious college students exposed to an anagram solution task. An anxiety model, based on Mowrer’s two-factor theory and a “three-systems” approach to anxiety, assumed that cognitive anxiety, physiological arousal, and previous related performance all have a direct causal effect on avoidance behavior. Self-efficacy was only considered an effect of these three anxiety components. For the Bandura model, previous performance and automatic arousal indirectly influenced avoidance performance via self-efficacy. Self-efficacy was presumed to be the only variable to have a direct effect on avoidance performance. The Feltz model, which was a respecification of Bandura’s self-efficacy model, assumed that previous anagram performance had both a direct and indirect influence by way of self-efficacy on succeeding performance. Physiological arousal was hypothesized to predict the initial anagram attempt only. The results did not totally support the three models. Cognitive anxiety and physiological arousal were not meaningful direct predictors of avoidance behavior. Self-efficacy directly influenced the initial anagram performance but it had little effect on later performances. Self-efficacy was found to be more an effect of performance and cognitive anxiety after the first anagram performance. For all variables investigated, previous performance was the best direct predictor of subsequent anagram performance. The anxiety-based and Feltz models similarly accounted for the most variance in avoidance performance. However, the Feltz model provided a more parsimonious explanation for avoidance behavior, and it contained more variables that significantly influenced performance than the anxiety-based model.
Effective School-Wide Discipline Programs Promote Student Achievement
Authors:   , Bundrage Jeremiah
Published: February 2023

Student discipline has been a concern for school districts for many years. Many district and school level administrators have made the decision to strictly enforce local and district level discipline policies. The initial logic was intended to reduce negative behavior by simply demanding responsible student interaction. The strict enforcement of such policies increased student absenteeism as well as created a communications barrier between school leaders and parents. The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of a school-wide discipline program. The study will explore the methods needed to implement such program as well reveal how the discipline program can improve student achievement and build positive school-community relations. The researcher provided an analysis of the Lilburn Middle School (LMS) school-wide discipline program. The study includes the procedures of the program as well as the revamped parent communications protocols.
A Study of Teacher Attitudes Toward Pupils in the Classroom : A Comparison of Selected Beginning, Early-Tenured, and Career Teachers
Authors:   , Houser William
Published: February 2023

This study was designed to compare the attitudes of beginning, early-tenured, and career teachers toward pupils and teaching as revealed in the Minnesota Teacher Attitude Inventory. Fifty beginning teachers. Fifty early-tenured teachers (four or five years of teaching experience), and fifty career teachers (twelve or more years of experience) were selected from Bay Area secondary schools in California for the study. They were given the Minnesota Teacher Attitude Inventory in 1970. It was found that there were significant differences between the three groups of teachers in teacher attitudes. The mean scores on the Minnesota Teacher Attitude Inventory were: beginning teachers, 28 .82; early-tenured teachers, 55.86; and career teachers, 45.64. T tests revealed that there was a statistical significant difference in all of the comparisons. The greatest difference was found to be between the beginning teachers and the early tenured teachers, 14. 95, which was significant well beyond the .01 level. The difference between beginning teachers and career teachers, .1 = 2.73, was also significant at the .01 level, and that between the early- tenured and career teachers, .1 .13, was significant at the .05 level. Some of the conclusions were that differences in teacher's attitudes toward pupils in the classroom do exist, these attitudes apparently change with the teacher's length of service, early-tenured teachers have a more positive attitude toward pupils than career teachers, beginning teachers seem to lack sufficient knowledge in areas of educational psychology and human growth, and that the choice of instruments for measuring teacher attitudes are limited. The recommendations included the upgrading of teacher in-service programs with an emphasis on helping career teachers maintain a positive attitude toward children, more effective educational psychology and human development instruction in teacher training institutions, the need for additional research of teacher attitudes, and the development of up-to-date instruments for measuring teacher attitudes.
Expression in Joined Construction Wheel Thrown Clay Forms
Authors:   , Koch Kenton
Published: February 2023

The objective of this study was to explore the possibilities of combining more than one wheel thrown form to create a single one. The most important goal was to cause, or perhaps let, the forms work together and not against each other. It was the intent through multiplicity to explore as many different forms and combinations as possible.
The Relationship Between Two Selected Variables and Drug Abuse
Authors:   , Estrada Michael
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study was to provide evidence that drug abuse is related to low self-concept and external locus of control.
The Impact of Career Awareness on the Career Maturity Level of High School Students
Authors:   , Schremmer Melvin
Published: February 2023

The purpose of the researcher was to evaluate the relative effectiveness of the infusion of career education into the regular classroom and its effect on the secondary student's career maturity. The independent variables were gender, grade level, grade point average, participation in school activities and work experience. The dependent variable in all the null hypotheses was the Crites' Career Maturity Inventory (Attitude Scale). The total sample was 32 for the experimental group and 21 for the control group. Six null hypotheses were tested. One-way analysis of covariance was employed to test the null hypotheses. There were no differences between the adjusted post mean career maturity scores (Pre-scores covariate measures) in any of the variables used: therefore, all null hypotheses were retained. The results of the present study appeared to support the following generalizations: 1. Participation in career awareness activities was not associated with career maturity. 2. Gender was not associated with career maturity. 3. Grade Level was not associated with career maturity. 4. Grade point average was not associated with career maturity. 5. Level of involvement in school activities was not associated with career maturity. 6. Working was not associated with career maturity.
The Effects of Therapist Assertiveness and Gender on Non-Client Expectations
Authors:   , Blowey Linda
Published: February 2023

To date, no research has been published on therapist assertiveness and its relationship with adaptive client behaviors, other than client assertiveness, during therapeutic process and outcome. Janzen and Myers (1981) proposed that assertive behavior is required for the effective implementation of any therapy technique. Based on this proposal, the authors formulated 9 therapist rights that they conclude are essential for an effective, assertive therapist. In addition, several studies have found that therapist gender and client/non-client expectations interacts with many variables, including assertiveness, in therapy process and outcome (e.g., Angle & Goodyear, 1984; Friedlander, 1982; Kirshner, Genack, & Hauser, 1978; Lee, Hallberg, Jones, & Haase, 1980). In general, females who behave assertively receive more negative reactions than do males with assertive behaviors (e.g., Kern, Cavell, & Beck, 1985; Kelly, Kern, Kirkley, Patterson, & Keane, 1980). In light of this, the present study represents an extension of the above mentioned research. The purpose of this study was to determine possible effects of therapist assertiveness and gender on non-client expectations for a therapist. This experiment was a 2 (assertiveness level) x 2 (therapist gender) factorial design. For this research, there were 4 audiotaped simulated therapist conditions: Assertive female therapist, assertive male therapist, non-assertive female therapist, and non-assertive male therapist. Thirty-six female and 36 male undergraduate students were randomly assigned to one of the 4 audiotaped therapist conditions. To determine expectations regarding the condition subjects heard, each subject then completed the brief form of the Expectations About Counseling questionnaire (EAC) (Tinsley, 1980). It was hypothesized that assertive therapists would receive significantly greater expectations than non-assertive therapists, that male therapists would receive significantly higher expectations than female therapists, and there would be a significant interaction effect between level of therapist assertiveness and therapist gender. A 2-way Multivariate Analysis of Variance was used to analyze the 3 data. Results did not support the hypotheses. However, a significant 2-way interaction between levels of therapist assertiveness and subject gender was found for the dependent variable of Nurturance, a significant 2-way interaction between levels of therapist assertiveness and therapist gender was found for the dependent variable of Self-Disclosure, and a significant main effect was found on the level of therapist assertiveness for the dependent variable of Directiveness. In general, the implications from this study indicate further research is needed on the variable of therapist assertiveness.
The Roles and Functions of the High School Principal
Authors:   , Shipp Dennis
Published: February 2023

A total 70 comparisons plus 70 reoccurring comparisons were made. Of the 70 comparisons made 20 were main effects. Of the 20 main effects 8 were statistically significant. The following main effects were statistically significant at the .05 level: 1. gender for the dependent variable Instructional Leadership, 2. position for the dependent variable Instructional Leadership, 3. gender for the dependent variable School Management, 4. size of district for the dependent variable Student Management, 5. gender for the dependent variable Composite, 6. size of district for the dependent variable Composite, 7. position for the dependent variable composite, and 8. position for the dependent variable Student Management. Of the 50 interactions three were statistically significant at the .05 level; the following interactions were statistically significant: 1. the independent variables gender and size of district for the dependent variable Student Management, 2. the independent variables gender and position for the dependent variable Student Management, and 3. The independent variables gender and size of district for the dependent variable composite. The results of the present study appear to support the following generalization: 1. females rated the role and function of Instructional Leadership higher than males, 2. high school principals rated the role and function of Instructional Leadership higher than teachers, 3. females rated the role and functions of School Management higher than males, 4. participants from district size 4 (6-56) rated the role and function of Student Management higher than those from size 2 (143-520) and those from district size 2 (143-520) rated it higher than those for district size 1 (530-2,125), 5. females rated the roles and functions of the high school principal higher than males, 6. participants from district sizes 3 (56-14 3) and 4 (6 - 56) rated the roles and functions of the high school principal higher than district size 1 (530-2,125) 7. high school principals rated the roles and functions of the high school principal higher than high school teachers, 8. high school principals rated Student Management higher than high school teachers, 9. no association between age and viewpoints concerning roles and functions of the high school principal, 10. significant interactions for gender and size of district and the dependent variable Student Management, 11 . significant interactions for gender and position, and the dependent variable Student Management, and 12. significant interactions for gender and size of district and the dependent variable composite.
A Morphometric and Hydrogeologic Survey of the Saline River Paleovalley and Valley Fill Ellis County, Kansas
Authors:   , Heimann William
Published: February 2023

A geomorphic and hydro-geologic investigation of the Saline River Valley in Ellis County, Kansas shows that the bedrock morphology of the paleovalley is very irregular and the morphometry and stratigraphy of the included valley-fill material is correspondingly variable. Two hundred sixteen subsurface logs (test hole. water and oil well), as well as bridge construction plans, field observations, a seismic survey, and the soil survey map of the county were used to determine the thickness and distribution of the Quaternary deposits. Twenty-five geologic cross-sections, a surface map, and a structure contour map were made to show the position of the buried and/or exposed bedrock surface, and the thickness, distribution, and character of the valley fill. Geomorphic data imply that degradation has been the dominant process during the Quaternary. Alluviation occurred in alternate phases with degradation as the result of a variety of allocyclic and autocyclic influences. Of these, changing climatic conditions appear to be most important. The influence of tributaries seemingly has more stratigraphic and geomorphic influence than previously thought. Delineating the disconformable contact between Quaternary deposits and the Upper Cretaceous bedrock suggests that the valley fill attains a maximum thickness of 29 m (96 ft) in a paleochannel which apparently does not exceed a width of 400 m (1300 ft). Volumetric estimates of the valley fill were determined by careful measurement of features on the surface map and the cross-sections. Estimated values range from 1.5 to 1.6 million acre-feet of material. Lithologic logs from the study area reveal sharply varying facies relations and a dominance of fine grained sediments composing the valley fill. Estimates of the quantity of ground water contained within the valley-fill sediments range from 68,000 to 117,000 acre-feet. These factors place obvious limitations on potential large-scale water resources development in the study area.
Personality Traits of Alcoholics, Narcotic Addicts, and Polydrug Addicts Assessed with the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory
Authors:   , McNerney Neil
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study was to compare \person\ variables of addicted people from central and western Kansas to other addicted people in the United States. The sample consisted of 100 patients (50 males and 50 females) from Larned State Hospital's Chemical Dependency Recovery Program. Independent variables were type of addiction (alcoholics, narcotic addicts, and polydrug addicts), gender, and four levels of age. Dependent variables were the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory's two point profile scores, K and F validity scales scores, the MacAndrews Alcoholism Scale scores, and age of the population. Of the 12 null hypotheses, 2 were rejected. One null hypothesis had a statistically significant main effect for type of addiction and age. The results of the present study indicated that alcoholics were older than polydrug addicts. The results agreed with those reported in the literature. And one null hypothesis, investigating the K validity scale, had a statistically significant interaction between type of addiction and gender. The findings of the present study did not agree with many of the results reported in the literature. Therefore addicts from western and central Kansas may represent a different population.
Adolescent Date Selection
Authors:   , Dale Julia
Published: February 2023

The purpose of the researcher was to investigate the factors which influence adolescents in selecting dating partners. The sample consisted of 801 high school students, of which 402 were male and 399 were female. The following independent variables were investigated; gender, age ethnicity, relationship status, and family structure. The dependent variables were the scores from the following subscales of the Date Selection Inventory: Personality, Physical, Prestige, and Total. Five composite null hypotheses were tested at the .0500 level. A three-way analysis of variance (general linear model) was employed for each composite null hypothesis. A total of 72 comparisons were made, plus 68 recurring. Of the 20 main effects, 12 were statistically significant at the .0500 level. The results of the present study appeared to support the following generalizations 1. Asian/Pacific high school students give more importance to Physical than Hispanic and students of Other nationality; 2. High school students not dating and those casually dating give Physical more importance than students married/living together; 3. Gender and age should be interpreted concurrently for Personality; 4. Age and nationality should be interpreted concurrently for Prestige; 5. Age and relationship status should be interpreted concurrently for Personality; 6. Gender and age should be interpreted concurrently for Physical; 7. Gender and age should be interpreted concurrently for Prestige; 8. Gender, age, and relationship status should be interpreted concurrently for Prestige; 9. Gender and age should be interpreted concurrently for Total; 10. Gender, age, and relationship status should be interpreted concurrently for Total; 11. Age and nationality should be interpreted concurrently for Prestige; 12. Age and nationality should be interpreted concurrently for Total; 13. Nationality and relationship status should be interpreted concurrently for Personality, and 14. Family structure, gender, and nationality should be interpreted concurrently for Personality.
A Comparative Study of Four Recent U. S. History Textbooks For The Secondary Schools
Authors:   , Unruh Fred
Published: February 2023

It is the purpose of the author to compare qualitatively, quantitatively, and structurally four recent American history textbooks of the senior high school level with reference to their study aids and suggestions.
Exploring The Relationship Between The Nemaha Uplift And The Mid-Continent Rift Using 3D Mapping Visual Analysis
Authors:   , Abanumay Faris
Published: February 2023

The present study presents and explains the relationship between Nemaha uplift and Mid-continent rift (MCR), where the understanding of the faulting systems around the study region were extremely important with regard to finding the relationship. The Nemaha is located in Kansas State in the Central United States with a total area of about 719 square miles. It was formed around the pre- Mississippian era. The compression and rifting processes that led to formation of faults, volcanoes, ridges and oceanic plates controls the faulting in the Nemaha region. The MCR system is a major tectonic feature in North America that is believed to have been formed around 1100 Ma. MCR is generally a paleo-rift that is covered by the Phanerozoic in the craton of North America whose patterns, structure and degree are identified by geophysical means. In this study two methods; contour mapping and 3D analysis mapping, were used and the Surfer program and Geosoft software were used for the data contouring and presentation. In addition, pre-Cambrian wells that were drilled in 10 counties in the state of Kansas were used. The present study confirms that the two different structural features; namely Nemaha uplift and MCR rift are formed by two sets of reverse faults that have different, but related, degrees of dipping and parallel strikes.
The Effects of Sexual Harassment Instruction Upon High School Students
Authors:   , Collins Doris
Published: February 2023

The purpose of the researcher was to investigate the effects of sexual harassment instruction upon high school students. The following independent variables were investigated: gender, Grade classification, grades, athletic participation, family structure, mother's work status, father's education, and mother's education. The dependent variables were scores from the following scales of the Sensitivity to Verbal and Physical Harassing behaviors Questionnaire: verbal harassing behavior and physical harassing behavior. Also, a knowledge score was derived from the Sexual Harassment Training Questionnaire. The sample consisted of 147 high school students: 87 males; 60 females; 40 freshmen; 44 sophomores; 33 juniors; and 30 seniors. Eight composite null hypotheses were tested at the .05 level employing single-factor analysis of covariance. Of the 48 comparisons, 9 were statistically significant at the .05 level. The results of the present study appeared to support the following generalizations: I. Sexual harassment instruction is more effective for females than males in terms of increasing sensitivity to physical harassment. 2. Sexual harassment instruction is more effective for females than males in terms of acquisition of knowledge, 3. Females retain greater sensitivity to verbal harassment than do males. 4. Females retain greater sensitivity to physical harassment than do males. 5. Seniors and freshmen retain greater sensitivity to physical harassment than do juniors and sophomores. 6. Sexual harassment instruction is more effective for students who report mostly A's than students who report grades of mostly A's and B's and mostly B’s and C's in terms of acquisition of knowledge. 7. Students not involved in sports retain a greater sensitivity to verbal harassment than those involved in sports. 8. Sexual harassment instruction is more effective for students with a family structure of 1 biological parent and 1 step-parent than with family structures with 1 biological parent, and \other\ family structures, in terms of acquisition of knowledge. 9. Students who live with 2 biological parents, with 1 biological and 1 step-parent, or in \other\ family structures retain greater knowledge of sexual harassment than do students who live with 1 biological parent, and 10. Individuals receiving instruction started with relatively high sensitivity levels for verbal and physical harassment.
Comparison of the Performance of Emr Children on the Illinois Test of Psycho-Linguistic Abilities (Itpa) with Their Performances on the Nebraska Test of Learning Aptitude and the Standard-Binet Intelligence Scale
Authors:   , Masat Larry
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this paper was to determine if the ITPA language ages of the educable mentally retarded are significantly related to their joint and individual Nebraska Test of Learning Aptitude (NTLA) and Stanford-Binet mental ages. Subjects were twelve randomly selected EMR children from the Level II Special Education classes in Topeka, Kansas. They had a mean CA of 11-9, a mean MA of 7-8, and a mean 10 of 68. All subjects were individually administered the ITPA, the NTLA and the Stanford-Binet. A multiple correlation between the ITPA and the Joint effects of the NTLA and Binet was computed. Partial correlations between each pair of tests were also computed. Corrections for small sample size were done for all coefficients. It was found that the ITPA language ages were not significantly related to the joint NTIA and Binet mental age scores. The partial correlation between the ITPA and NTLA was not significant but the partial correlations between the ITPA and Binet and between the NTLA and Binet were significant. Extensive use of the ITPA and NTLA with the EMR was recommended. It was concluded that the Binet in most cases would not yield enough more information to justify its inclusion in the battery.
A Study of the Super Market Industry
Authors:   , Kyriakides Tonis
Published: February 2023

Part of this thesis is an attempt to explain briefly the circumstances which gave rise to the concept of self-service, and accelerated its development to the point of revolutionizing the entire field of distribution in the short period of a quarter-century. Food super markets are the most important segment in the American economy; thus, the writer focused his research mainly in this field. Self-service is still the heart of the super market, and, therefore, the reader should note that most of the principles applied here should also apply in non-food self-service stores.
A Study of The School Load of Elementary School Principals In Kansas
Authors:   , Wellman Loren
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study will be to present the results of facts, figures, opinions, and interpretations of school loads obtained through a questionnaire to a representative group of elementary school principals, within first, second, and third class cities of Kansas.
Tobias Smollett's Reputation as a Novelist: 1940-01/01/1965
Authors:   , Martin Vicki
Published: February 2023

In this paper I will attempt to review the criticism published between the years 1940 and 1965 which concerns Smollett's reputation as the author of The Adventures of Roderick Random, The Adventures of Peregrine Pickle, The Adventures of Ferdinand Count Fathom, The Adventures of Sir Launcelot Greaves, and The Expedition of Humphry Clinker.
The Fort Hays Rating and Dating Complex
Authors:   , Starr John
Published: February 2023

It was the purpose of the present study to cast some light on the question as to whether or not certain types of dating behavior are related to marriage orientation. This researcher has made the assumption that as college students advance from the freshman to the senior class, they become more marriage oriented in their dating patterns. The figures obtained from the registrar’s office for the present study tended to support the above generalization. An examination of the married students enrolled, however, revealed a marked degree of marriage orientation present from the freshman through the senior class. The preceding statement was supported by the proportion of married students at each class level. The researcher, therefore, desired to study the problem of marriage orientation at each of the undergraduate class levels at Fort Hays Kansas State College.
A Research In Sixth Grade Children's Solution of Verbal Arithmetic Problems
Authors:   , Schroder Herbert
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this research in sixth grade children's solution of verbal problems in arithmetic is to investigate the mental processes that lie back of pupils' answers in arithmetic. That is, how do pupils solve verbal problems in arithmetic? The investigation involves several related problems such as; to what extent is the pupils' method of solution influenced by irrelevant data, cues, details, and numbers used in a problem?
Parent Attitude Toward Systemic, Family-Oriented Counseling Interventions
Authors:   , Phillips Barbara
Published: February 2023

The purpose of the researcher was to investigate the attitude of parents of elementary four levels requiring the least and Larson's (1977) systemic, school children toward the family involvement of Talley family-oriented model of intervention (a) home visit, (b) child management group, (c) workshop for parents, and (d) mothers' / fathers' group in a systemic family-oriented counseling program. Sample size was 54 subjects. The independent variables investigated were family structure, number of children, and highest level of education. The dependent variables employed were scores from the following subscales of the Parent Attitude Survey: Scale 1 (If, in addition to family counseling, the school were to offer help to families in the community, which of the following do you think would be the most beneficial?), Scale 2 (In addition to family counseling, which do you think should be most frequently used?), and Scale 3 (If you need help, which would you use?). Three composite null hypotheses were tested at the .05 level of significance employing a three-way analysis of variance (general linear model). The results of the present study appeared to support the following generalizations: 1. Parents support services. 2. No association exists between family structure and any service. 3. No association exists between number of children and any service. 4. No association exists between highest level of education and any service.
The Extent Of Wetland Vegetation And Wetness Change At Eufaula National Wildlife Refuge From 1984-2012 Examined Using Landsat Thematic Mapper And Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus Imagery
Authors:   , Henning Jeremy
Published: February 2023

Wetlands provide functions such as reducing flooding of surrounding areas and acting as a rest stop for migrating birds. Eufaula National Wildlife Refuge in Alabama has a natural wetland and six artificial wetlands that are differentiated by how they are drained. Remote sensing derived normalized difference vegetation index and normalized difference wetness indexes were used to obtain information about vegetation and wetness at the wetlands from 1984-2011. A correlation analysis was performed to assess the degree of association between vegetation and wetness as a function of management practices. An ANOVA and agglomerative hierarchical clustering were performed to assess the degree of similarity among the different wetlands based on vegetation and wetness. From the results of the correlation analysis, it was found that there is a statistically significant association between vegetation and wetness. The ANOVA and agglomerative hierarchical clustering suggest that wetlands that are managed similarly have a similar association between vegetation and wetness.
Job Satisfaction
Authors:   , Carson Gloria
Published: February 2023

The purpose of the researcher was to investigate job satisfaction for employees of a utility company which has facilities in 33 northwest Kansas counties. The sample consisted of 96 employees. The following independent variables were investigated: age, gender, income, formal education, and job security. The dependent variables were scores from the following scales of the Job Satisfaction Survey: Pay, Promotion, Supervision, Benefits, Contingent Rewards, Operating Procedures, Co-Workers, Nature of Work, Communication, and Total Satisfaction. Five composite null hypotheses were tested using a three-way analysis of variance (general linear model). A total of 180 comparisons were made plus 150 recurring. Of the 180, 50 were for main effects and 130 were for interactions. Of the 50 main effects, 18 were statistically significant at the .05 level. The results of the present study appeared to support the following generalization: 1. Individuals with income of $40,001 and greater have greater job satisfaction than those with less income, 2. Males have greater job satisfaction for the variable Nature of Work than females, 3. Males have greater Total Satisfaction than females, 4. Individuals with high job security have greater job satisfaction for the variable Promotion than those with low job security, 5. Individuals with high job security have greater Total Satisfaction than those of low job security, and 6. Statistically significant interactions for 17 comparisons.
Merit Pay for Teachers : A Survey of Kansas Public School Administrators
Authors:   , Huxman Douglas
Published: February 2023

Merit pay for teachers has become a very controversial issue during the past few years. A study of this issue was conducted to determine the attitude toward merit pay for teachers of Kansas public school administrators. A 27 item questionnaire was used for this study. The items were grouped into the following components: advantages, disadvantages, developmental aspects, monetary aspects, and criteria and evaluation aspects. Copies of this instrument were mailed to 120 randomly selected Kansas public school administrators. A total of 101 (84%) usable questionnaires were returned. Five independent variables were investigated in this study. They were: position, age, years of administrative experience, highest degree earned, and size of school district. The results of the survey indicated that Kansas public school administrators have a positive attitude toward merit pay for teachers. The independent variables that were investigated did not seem to affect the way the administrators viewed the topic of merit pay for teachers. The researcher tested 8 hypotheses. Hypothesis 6 and hypothesis 8 were rejected. Statistical tests were employed in 43 comparisons, and a t-test in one comparison with 6 comparisons or 14% being significant at the .05 level. The following comparisons were significant in hypothesis 6 at the .05 level: those who did and those who did not favor merit pay for the total instrument, advantages, disadvantages, and evaluation; and in hypothesis 8: the calculated mean for the total sample , the total questionnaire, and the theoretical mean. Comparisons which were significant at the .06 and .07 levels were identified. These were as follows: age of administrators for the evaluation component (see Table 1), administrative positions [or the disadvantages component (see Table 2), and administrative experience for the disadvantages component (see Table 3).
The Effects of Induced Depression on Future Time Perspective
Authors:   , Loos Kenneth
Published: February 2023

An exact definition of time has alluded scholars since the era of St. Augustine. Like all \big\ questions, however, this has not prevented numerous studies from being undertaken and distinct categories of time from being isolated. Future time perspective (FTP) and its component dimensions (extension, coherence, directionality, density, and attitude/affectivity) are perhaps the most studied of the time categories, but this concept still lacks a widely supported and psychometrically sound assessment instrument. The Daltrey (1982) FTP instrument was specifically designed to fill this void, but it has not been sufficiently replicated. If the scale proves psychometrically sound, it has a great deal of promise in clarifying the association between FTP and depression. The purpose of the current study was to gain systematic information regarding the relationship between FTP and depression, and to determine if the results of Daltrey's work can be replicated. One hundred thirty- two subjects were recruited from undergraduate psychology classes at Fort Hays State University and then were randomly assigned to three groups. Two groups underwent a mood induction procedure, Velten's (1968) depression or elation statements, and the third group was placed in a neutral condition. Due to the short duration of the Velten MIP (10 minutes; Chartier & Ranieri, 1989) the original 80-item Daltrey instrument had to be modified. The modified version rearranged the 80 items in such a way that the highest correlated items (8 per subscale) were presented first in a stratified random manner. The results of the study indicated that the shortened version of the instrument (the first 40 items) is a valid representation of its full-length counterpart. A series of ANOVAs were conducted and found no significant differences between the three mood conditions and any of the FTP dimensions. Subsequent MANOVAs using various variables as covariants also failed to reach significance. Correlational analyses were also conducted and significant results were found between gender, grade point average (GPA), and the various FTP dimensions. The results of the current study provided limited support for the historic relationship between the concept of FTP and depression. The results also provided some needed replication for Daltrey's (1982) FTP instrument, and indicated that her conclusions about FTP being composed of one unitary concept (rather than five distinct dimensions) may be correct.
Evaluation of the Seasonal Movement of the Pistolgrip Mussel (Tritogonia Verrucosa)
Authors:   , Starkey Eric
Published: February 2023

Many aquatic organisms in North America and the rest of the world are at risk of extinction due to habitat destruction and alteration. While it is important to understand and limit the negative impacts of habitat alterations on aquatic species, we also need to understand the behavioral characteristics of species being threatened. Thus, I documented the movement patterns of the pistolgrip mussel, Tritogonia verrucosa (Rafinesque, 1820), and the abiotic and biotic factors that potentially influence these movements. Once a month from July 2005 to July 2006 I assessed the individual movement of 90 pistolgrip mussels. These individuals were marked with polyethylene shellfish tags and transmitters or coins. Transmitters or coins were attached to aid in the recovery of individuals. Twenty-eight individuals were used in a cage experiment to assess the effect of population density on movement. The remaining individuals were returned to the mussel bed from which they were obtained. During each sample, individuals were recovered, their position observed, and microhabitat evaluated. Microhabitat variables included: substrate composition, substrate compaction, water velocity at the surface of the substrate, water velocity at 6/10 the depth, nearest neighbor measurement, and total depth. Overall, I found that a combination of variables, especially water velocity, water depth, and substrate compaction were associated with distance moved. Despite several high-flow events and significant bed-load transport, pistolgrip mussels remained within the mussel bed, which suggests that mussel beds are relatively stable even during high-flow events. In the future, measurement of other variables and slight changes in study design could further elucidate the reasons that mussels move from one location to another.