bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An observational analysis to evaluate the influence of occlusion on body posture and plantar pressure – An in vivo study
Authors: Deshmukh Aishwarya , Poovani Shwetha Kumari , Thumati Prafulla
Published: July 2024

Aim:

The aim of this study is to evaluate the influence of occlusion on body posture and plantar arch pressure.

Settings and Design:

An Observational analysis to Analyze the Influence of Occlusion on Plantar Pressure and Body Posture.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 30 asymptomatic subjects were selected for the study including 18 females and 12 males from age group 22 years to 28 years with a mean age of 24.83 years. Each subject underwent evaluation of occlusion at MIP using a Digital Occlusal analyzer (T-Scan III). At this point, the subjects were made to stand on a mat scan which consisted of a large postural platform sensor and a computer that displayed the plantar pressure data. The computer connected to the T Scan displayed the occlusal pressure analysis. This was followed by an evaluation of body posture using a posture grid where the photographs were taken and an evaluation of the frontal and lateral photos was done using the APECS – posture analysis app.

Statistical Analysis Used:

Statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) for windows version 22.0 Released 2013, Armonk, N Y: IBM Corp., was used to perform Statistical Analysis. A chi-square test was applied for qualitative variables to find the association. Paired t-test was applied to compare the changes in the quantitative parameters in eye-open and eye-closed conditions. The level of significance was set at 5%.

Results:

As observed from the results, occlusion for 40% of the subjects, where n = 12, was dominant on the right side. Occlusion for 23.3% of subjects, where n = 7, was dominant on the left side. Whereas, for 36.7% of subjects, where n = 11, the pressure distribution was almost equal on both sides. The inclination of body posture for 23.3% of subjects, where n = 7, was towards the right side. The inclination of body posture for 50% of subjects, where n = 11, was towards the left side. And, the inclination of body posture for 26.7% of subjects, where n = 8, was neutral i.e., balanced on the right and left side. Plantar pressure for 6.7% of subjects, where n = 2, was dominant on the right side. Plantar pressure for 36.7% of subjects, where n = 11, was dominant on the left side. Whereas, for 56.7% of subjects, where n = 17, the plantar pressure distribution was almost equal on both sides.

Conclusion:

On correlating the three parameters, it was found that occlusion for most of the subjects dominated on the right side, while body posture and plantar pressure dominated on the contralateral i.e., left side.
Comparative evaluation on surface nanohardness, surface microhardness, surface roughness, and wettability of plant-based organic nanoparticle reinforced polyetheretherketone as an implant material – An in vitro study
Authors: Vidhyasankari N. , John Reena Rachel , Senthilmurugan P. R. , Vishnupriya V.
Published: July 2024

Aim:

Synthetic inorganic materials are commonly used as reinforcing agents in polyetheretherketone (PEEK) composite, whereas natural organic plant-based reinforcing agents are negligible. Surface hardness, roughness, and wettability are indicative factors of osseointegration behavior to be used as an implant material. This study evaluated micro surface hardness (MSH), nano surface hardness (NSH), surface roughness (SR), and contact angle (CA) of PEEK-Azadirachta indica reinforced at 10 wt%, 20 wt%, and 30 wt%.

Settings and Design:

This was an in vitro study.

Materials and Methods:

Neem (A. indica) leaf nanoparticles were prepared and reinforced with PEEK powder at 10%, 20%, and 30% weight ratios by injection molding. Sixty specimens underwent the microhardness and CA testing using a digital microhardness tester, and CA goniometer, respectively, and later nanoindentation test to analyze the nanohardness and SR.

Statistical Analysis Used:

A one-way ANOVA test with a 95% confidence interval for MSH and NSH, SR, and CA was performed on the samples. A post hoc Bonferroni test was conducted (α = 0.05) to compare the groups.

Results:

There was a significant increase in nanohardness (P = 0.000) with zero difference in microhardness (P = 0.514). The addition of 10 wt%, 20 wt%, and 30 wt% nanoparticles increased the SR value of the pure PEEK from 273.19 nm to 284.10 (3.99%), 296.91 (8.68%), and 287.54 (5.24%), respectively. In the analysis of the CA, CA 20% shows the lowest angle (63.69) with the highest for control specimens (82.39). There is an increase in the PEEK composite SR with a decrease in CA.

Conclusions:

The addition of plant-derived nanoparticles into the PEEK matrix has a significant impact on the hardness and hydrophobicity enhancing cell growth and osteoblastic differentiation during osseointegration of dental implants.
Precise jaw relation recorder: An innovative device for prosthodontic rehabilitation
Authors: Kumar C. Dhinesh , Selvaraj Sunantha , Raju Ramesh , Mohan Jayashree
Published: July 2024

Background:

The orchestration of jaw relations in edentulous scenarios poses a significant challenge, demanding acumen, and expertise from the clinician. A myriad of devices, substances, and methodologies are employed to gauge the transverse, vertical, and horizontal spectrums of jaw relations. Traditionally, a synthesis of assorted devices and techniques has been requisitioned to chronicle the spatial dynamics between the maxilla and mandible. Yet, the absence of a solitary apparatus capable of concurrently documenting the triad of jaw relations has been a notable lacuna in prosthodontic rehabilitation.

Purpose:

This discourse expounds on an innovative contrivance, termed the Precise Jaw Relation Recorder. This pioneering instrument is adept at capturing the tripartite jaw relation processes: the occlusal plane's alignment in parallelism to the ala-tragus line, the vertical dimension at repose, and the occlusion as well as the centric relation. The device's strategic utility lies in its ability to facilitate the creation of prostheses that are not only functionally superior but also aesthetically more pleasing.

Conclusion:

Its implementation is a stride toward refining the accuracy of prosthodontic outcomes, thereby elevating the standard of patient care in dental practice.
Effect of titanium dioxide and zirconium dioxide nanoparticle incorporation on the thermal conductivity of heat-activated polymethylmethacrylate denture base resins: An in vitro experimental study
Authors: Adhershitha A. R. , Viswambharan Prasanth
Published: July 2024

Aim:

The aim is to determine thermal conduction by heat-activated polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) infiltrated with 1 weight% Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) and 1 weight% Zirconium Dioxide (ZrO2) nanoparticles and to compare with that of conventional PMMA.

Study Setting and Design:

In vitro experimental study.

Materials and Methods:

Eighteen disc shaped specimens with a thickness of 5 mm and diameter of 50 mm, were fabricated and grouped according to the material used: Group B1 (resin infiltrated with 1 weight% TiO2), Group B2 (resin infiltrated with 1 weight% ZrO2), and Control Group B3 (heat-activated conventional PMMA resin). Disc-shaped specimens were analyzed for thermal conductivity using “modified guarded hot plate apparatus” in the thermal lab of the Indian Space Research Organisation.

Statistical Analysis Used:

One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test was used to compare the arithmetic means of all three groups.

Results:

A statistically significant difference was noted among all three groups. Group B2 had the maximum thermal conductivity, followed by Group B1. Thermal conductivity was the least for Group B3. A post hoc comparison revealed that the difference was significant between Group B2 and Group B3.

Conclusion:

Nano ZrO2 addition in PMMA increased its thermal conductivity. There is evidence that it improves its mechanical properties as well. Hence, Nano ZrO2 addition in PMMA is highly recommended. Nano TiO2 addition in PMMA did not provide any significant advantage in terms of thermal conductivity, but its addition in PMMA is justified because of its mechanical and antimicrobial properties.
Stigma and its Correlation in Patients with Schizophrenia
Authors: Nimbhalkar Rajashree , Rathore Siddharth , Sharma Aniketa
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

The aim of the present study was to assess the stigma in patients with schizophrenia attending a tertiary referral government hospital. This was a cross-sectional research involving 60 schizophrenia patients at a government tertiary referral hospital. ICD-10 research diagnostic criteria were used for mental assessment. Statistics were analyzed using relevant tests. Of the 30 males, 21 (70%) experienced moderate stigma, two (6.67%) had mild stigma, and seven (23.33%) had severe stigma. The 30 females got 20 (66.67%) moderate ratings, one (3.33%) got a light grade, and nine (30%) had severe stigma grades associated with stigma disclosure. Twenty of 30 males (66.67%) reported moderate stigma, eight (26.67%) reported mild stigma, and two (6.66%) had severe stigma. With respect to positive stigma, 25 (83.33%) of 30 females exhibited moderate stigma. Also, four (13.33%) girls exhibited moderate stigma and one (3.33%) had severe stigma. Significant proportion of patients with schizophrenia experience stigma and stigma is associated with lower level of functioning. Better knowledge about illness is associated with a lower level of stigma.
Assessment of Orthodontic Retention Protocols and their Effects on Treatment Stability
Authors: Chawla Riddhi , Ansari Faisal Mohiuddin , Chekka Manjunath , Akhilesh M. , Deepak Arun V , Datla Praveen Kumar Varma , Ravuri Preetham
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Orthodontic retention protocols are crucial for maintaining treatment stability post-orthodontic treatment. However, the optimal retention strategy remains debated.

Methods:

A retrospective analysis of patient records from a tertiary orthodontic center over 5 years was conducted. Variables, including retention protocols employed, duration of retention, and treatment stability, were weighed.

Results:

Fixed retainers were the most commonly utilized retention protocol, followed by removable retainers and combination methods. Although the incidence of treatment relapse appeared higher among patients with removable retainers, the difference did not reach statistical significance. Combination protocols demonstrated comparable treatment stability to fixed retainers.

Conclusion:

This research gives understanding of the effectiveness of orthodontic retention protocols in a tertiary center setting. While fixed retainers remain widely used, removable retainers and combination methods also show promise in maintaining treatment stability. Addressing patient compliance issues and optimizing retention strategies based on individual patient needs are essential for enhancing treatment outcomes.
Prevalence of Potentially Malignant Disorders in Tobacco Consuming Population: A Cross-Sectional Analysis
Authors: Shaikh Heena , Bakerywala Arifa , Razdan Ojasvi , Gosavi Vaishnavi , Patel Foram , Aga Mahad
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

Aim:

The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) among individuals in the northern population of India who have a habit of using tobacco.

Materials and Methods:

The study population consisted of residents over 18 years old from that specific area. Every patient included in the study had been diagnosed with OPMDs. A self-structured questionnaire was developed, which included details about the participant’s socio-demographic characteristics, dietary habits, medical history, oral health, adverse habits, and clinical profile.

Results:

Out of the entire study population, 60 patients were found to have OPMD. The prevalence rates for leukoplakia, erythroplakia, and oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) were 3.90%, 0.10%, and 4.02%, respectively. Significant factors among all tobacco users included the type of tobacco, age group, and gender, after adjusting for baseline characteristics and risk factors.

Conclusion:

There was a significant association found between the use of smokeless tobacco and OPMDs.
Efficiency of Different Retrieval Techniques in Gutta-Percha Removal in Endodontic Retreatment: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Neelima U Lavanya , Alghamdi Nuha , Alshahrani Abdulrahman Yahya , Panakaje Mangesh Shenoy , Late Laxmikant , Pius Alen , Gavarraju Deepthi Nirmal
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

Objective:

The purpose of this in vitro investigation was to assess the effectiveness of various gutta-percha retrieval methods in endodontic retreatment.

Methods:

Five groups were randomly allocated to extract human teeth that had already had root canal therapy: manual files, rotary tools, heat, solvents, and ultrasonics. By evaluating the amount of filling material still present, gutta-percha clearance was quantitatively examined, and root canal cleanliness was qualitatively appraised. To compare the effectiveness of retrieval approaches, statistical analysis was done.

Findings:

Hand files, heat, and solvents were less effective than rotary devices and ultrasonics at removing gutta-percha (P < 0.05). A quantitative investigation showed that the groups using rotary instruments (0.87 mm) and ultrasonics (0.68 mm) had much less gutta-percha left. The qualitative evaluation revealed that rotary instruments (2.12) and ultrasonics (2.45) had greater cleaning ratings compared to other methods.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, gutta-percha can be effectively removed during endodontic retreatment by using rotary tools and ultrasonics, which provide both quantitative efficiency and qualitative purity. The implementation of sophisticated retrieval procedures to maximize treatment results in clinical practice is supported by these findings.
Attachment Wear in Different Clear Aligner Therapy: A Comparative Study
Authors: Krishna Kanuru Ravi , Adarsh Kumar , Krishna N Mothi , Pragnya  , Chacko Prince K , Datla Praveen Kumar Varma , Tiwari Rahul
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Because of its ease and visual attractiveness, clear aligner therapy has grown in popularity as an orthodontic treatment option. On the other hand, the results of therapy may be impacted by attachment wear. Comparing attachment wear in three distinct clear aligner systems—System A, System B, and System C—was the goal of this investigation.

Methods:

The research comprised 60 individuals receiving clear aligners as part of their orthodontic treatment. Depending on whatever clear aligner system was being utilised, the patients were split into three groups. Attachment wear was evaluated using a standardised scoring method regularly. The various systems’ attachment wear was compared using statistical analysis.

Results:

Compared to Systems B and C, System A showed less attachment wear. There were notable variations in attachment wear ratings between the systems. System C’s attachments had the most wear, whereas System A’s attachments had the least.

Conclusion:

Different clear aligner systems showed varying degrees of attachment wear, with System A exhibiting the least amount of wear. To maximise treatment procedures and guarantee treatment efficacy and longevity in clear aligner therapy, it is vital to comprehend attachment wear patterns.
Evlauation of Fixation Techniques in Naso-orbito-ethmoidal Fractures: A Comparative Study
Authors: Singh Shiwangi , Taide Ankit A. , Kaur Jasmine , Panda Sanjukta , Srilakshmi Donka , Nelson Anish , Baig Fawaz A. H.
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

Objective:

Comparing fixation procedures for managing naso-orbito-ethmoidal (NOE) fractures.

Methods:

Group A (plate and screw fixation), Group B (Kirschner wire (K-wire) fixation), Group C (absorbable plate and screw fixation), and Group D (No fixation) were formed from 120 NOE fracture patients. The facial injury severity scale, visual analogue scale, CT scans, and clinical examination examined functional and cosmetic outcomes, complications, and postoperative stability.

Results:

The study found that plate and screw fixation (Group A) had the highest stability and aesthetic results, followed by absorbable plate and screw fixation (Group C). Conservative management (Group D) had the worst outcomes, while K-wire fixation (Group B) had good results but more complications. Results showed substantial differences in functional, aesthetic, complications, and postoperative stability between groups (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

Plate and screw fixation is the most successful and dependable approach for treating NOE fractures, with superior functional and aesthetic outcomes, reduced complications, and higher postoperative stability than K-wire fixation, absorbable plate and screw fixation, and conservative care. Absorbable plate and screw fixation may function instead of metal. Conservative care should be rare. Larger multicenter randomized controlled trials should corroborate these findings.
Epidemiological Study of Sleep Apnea Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors in a Large Patient Population
Authors: Gami Nihar , Shukla Krutarth , Patel Ishan , Gandhi Nayan Manish
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Significant morbidity and death are linked to sleep apnea (SP), a prevalent sleep disease. For successful management, it is essential to comprehend its prevalence and the risk factors that are linked with it. The purpose of this study was to look at the prevalence of SP in a large patient group that was visiting a tertiary care facility and to discover risk variables that are connected with it.

Methods:

500 volunteers were gathered from a tertiary care center to participate in cross-sectional research. Polysomnography, clinical evaluations, and standardized questionnaires were utilized to diagnose SP and gather pertinent information. A statistical study was conducted to evaluate the correlation between different risk factors and SP.

Results:

35% of people had SP, with men between the ages of 40 and 60 having a greater frequency. It has been determined that smoking, obesity, and high blood pressure are important risk factors for SP. Compared to those with mild or moderate SP, individuals with severe SP had greater rates of smoking, hypertension, and obesity (BMI > 30).

Conclusion:

This study emphasizes how common SP is in tertiary care settings and how it is linked to smoking, obesity, and hypertension. Improving patient outcomes and lessening the impact of SP need early identification and management techniques that address these modifiable risk factors.
Oral Health-Related Quality of Life, Locus of Control, Self-Reported Oral Health and Oral Health Status among Nursing Students in Moradabad
Authors: Josh Jeevan , Thanveer K , Pandit Supurna , Divekar Pallavi , Pandey Rakesh Kumar , Minakshi
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL), locus of control, dental health as assessed by oneself and oral health situation have all been the subject of several research, but none of them have yet been investigated in combination.

Materials and Methods:

This cross-sectional study was carried out on 525 nursing students to investigate these ideas. The Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) scale was employed to evaluate the standard of living associated with oral health.

Results:

Both chance participants and group internals reported having good OHRQoL. Nursing students in the internals group accurately assessed the deteriorated aspect of their self-reported oral health. However, it was found that participants from the chance locus and powerful others were unable to accurately rate the decayed component (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

Internal nursing students had the highest OHRQoL, followed by random and influential students. Individuals from locus internals and random gave accurate ratings of their dental deterioration.
Program evaluation and early outcomes of a severe preeclampsia and eclampsia maternal safety bundle in a single institution in the Philippines
Authors: Gonzaga Zarinah Garcia , Castillo-Cheng Maria Rosario , Macalintal Joseph Carl , Caro-Alquiros Lizzette , Causin Stephanie , Estanislao Grace Lynn Santos
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND:

To reduce maternal morbidity and mortality associated with hypertension, standards for maternal safety and efforts to implement a structured team approach have been undertaken. Following the formulation of a policy document, a maternal safety bundle was developed. The implementation of bundle components including eclampsia kits, clinical pathways, and educational module occurred in phases due to pandemic restrictions. An eclampsia kit and clinical pathways were implemented in 2020. An online lecture was launched in 2021 followed by in-person eclampsia simulation workshop beginning 2022.

OBJECTIVES:

This paper aims to report the early outcomes of a severe preeclampsia and eclampsia maternal safety bundle implementation in a private hospital between 2020 to 2023.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Demographic information, posttest knowledge assessment and pre- and post- eclampsia workshop confidence scores were recorded. Structure, process, and outcome measures were determined. Descriptive statistics were used for participant demographics and score percentages. Paired t-Test with a significance level of P<0.05 was used to compare the pre- and post-simulation confidence scores. Summary data for outcome and process metrics were manually calculated. Summary categorical data was used for structure metrics.

RESULTS:

Two hundred eighty-eight (288) participants completed the online didactic lecture. Average posttest knowledge assessment score was 88.1%, 88.88%, and 82.6% from 2020 to 2023. Ninety-nine participants completed the eclampsia simulation workshops. Mean post-simulation confidence scores were greater than mean pre-simulation confidence scores (42.3 vs. 39, p=0.0259 in 2022 and 41.975 vs 36.65, P=0.0035 in 2023). There is 100% compliance with timely management of severe hypertension and eclampsia prevention and a decreasing trend in hypertension related severe maternal morbidity rates.

CONCLUSION:

A severe preeclampsia and eclampsia maternal safety bundle is a feasible quality improvement initiative that promotes peer learning, strengthens clinical competencies, and improves access to emergency resuscitation supplies. The results of this program evaluation may serve as a framework for implementing quality improvement initiatives on maternal safety.
A sonographic evaluation on agreement and time efficiency of fetal central nervous system biometry using semi-automated five-dimensional ultrasound versus standard two-dimensional ultrasound in a Philippine tertiary hospital
Authors: Caro-Alquiros Lizzette Reduque , Gonzaga Zarinah Garcia , Quinio Irene B.
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND:

Proper assessment and efficient diagnosis of central nervous system anomalies is essential in antenatal surveillance of pregnant patients. These anomalies are usually associated with genetic syndromes or severe malformations requiring timely intervention and antenatal counseling of the expectant couple.

OBJECTIVE:

The study aims to evaluate the agreement of cranial biometric measurements and to determine if there is a significant difference in the time needed to complete the evaluation using standard 2D and semi-automated 5D ultrasound.

METHODS:

An analytical cross-sectional study was employed on 93 women who underwent pelvic ultrasound scans from August to October 2022 in a tertiary hospital. Basic biometric fetal central nervous system (CNS) measurements were acquired using 2D ultrasound followed by 5D CNS ultrasound. Bland-Altman plots were used to evaluate the agreement of the measurements obtained. The difference in the time to completion was determined using independent t-test.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:

Our study found that 5D CNS ultrasound measurements showed 96.8% agreement with 2D ultrasound in 90 out of 93 fetuses. The 5D CNS ultrasound takes a shorter time of 90 seconds (s) to completion in comparison to 99 s using the 2D method (p=0.076). Upon stratification of the study population per trimester, in the second trimester, it took 76 s with 5D CNS vs 89 s with 2D, resulting to a statistically significant 13-second difference (p=0.044). In the third trimester, 5D CNS took 105 s vs 108 s with 2D (p=0.614). The time to completion of the scan using this technology is faster when used for second trimester pregnancies but could be affected by fetal-dependent and operator-dependent factors. Therefore, application of this new technology has the potential to improve workflow efficiency after the necessary training on 3D sonography and 5D CNS ultrasound software.
Recurrent dedifferentiated retroperitoneal liposarcoma complicating pregnancy
Authors: Cartagena-Lim Jemimah T. , Elises-Molon Kristine Therese R.
Published: July 2024

Retroperitoneal liposarcoma is an uncommon tumor both in the pregnant and nonpregnant state. Its exact incidence is unknown because of its rarity. Due to its propensity for local recurrence, prognosis depends on histologic subtype and negative margins of resection. Surgery remains the mainstay of treatment, and timing is critical in terms of finding a surgically resectable lesion while balancing fetal risks. This report describes tumor recurrence in a pregnancy with a prior history of surgery for an atypical lipomatous tumor presenting as a retroperitoneal mass. After discussion with the multidisciplinary team, as well as with the patient’s consent, the plan was to defer surgery until 34 weeks, followed by scheduled tumor removal 2 weeks postpartum. She delivered abdominally to a baby girl with a good outcome. Histopathology showed dedifferentiated liposarcoma with a positive tumor margin. The patient has survived at 6-month follow-up and completed four cycles of chemotherapy with doxorubicin, ifosfamide, and mesna. However, surveillance imaging again showed tumor recurrence.
Assessing the resident physicians’ perceptions of the use of webinars to support training during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Misuno Masayuki , Guinto Valerie Tiempo
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND:

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected education systems worldwide. The disruption in education systems has impacted over 90% of the student population of the world (UNESCO, 2020). Electronic learning (e-learning), a form of teaching which involves electronic equipment and tools permits interaction between people involved in the education process. An example of which is the webinars. Webinars allow large groups of participants to engage in online discussions or training events and share audio, documents, or slides.

OBJECTIVE:

We aim to assess the perception of resident physicians on the use of webinars to support learning during COVID-19.

METHODOLOGY:

This is a cross-sectional study. An adequately powered paper survey was conducted among 123 resident physicians of St. Luke’s Medical Center Global City. A 5-point Likert Scale was used for each of the questions in the questionnaire patterned after that of Nagar (2020). Descriptive statistics was used to analyze the data.

RESULTS:

Majority of the respondents gave favorable answers to questions on pace of learning/flexibility (91.5%), cost (95.1%), convenience and comfort (95.1%), motivation (76.1%), ease of access (96.1%), visual perception (87.5%), visual difficulty (79.9%), audio perception (83.7%), Internet connection (61.8%), and navigation (83.7%), while Internet connection (28.5%) was seen with the highest disagreement.

CONCLUSION:

Our data support the acceptability of webinars among resident physicians in a tertiary private hospital as an alternative learning tool in this COVID-19 era where face-to-face interaction or traditional learning is less likely to be employed.

RECOMMENDATIONS:

We recommend future studies that can focus on the efficacy of the webinars in the improvement of knowledge and practice of medicine by doing pre- and posttests. We also recommend doing a similar study in government hospitals where facilities may not be on par with private hospitals.
Machine Learning in Cybersecurity: Advanced Detection and Classification Techniques for Network Traffic Environments
Authors: El Hajj Hassan Samer , Duong-Trung Nghia
Published: July 2024

In the digital age, the integrity of business operations and the smoothness of their execution heavily depend on cybersecurity and network efficiency. The need for robust solutions to prevent cyber threats and enhance network functionality has never been more critical. This research aims to utilize machine learning (ML) techniques for the meticulous analysis of network traffic, with the dual goals of detecting anomalies and categorizing network activities to bolster security and performance. Employing a detailed methodology, this study begins with data preparation and progresses through to the deployment of advanced ML models, including logistic regression, decision trees, and ensemble learning techniques. This approach ensures the accuracy of the analysis and facilitates a nuanced understanding of network dynamics. Our findings indicate a notable enhancement in identifying network inefficiencies and in the more accurate classification of network traffic. The application of ML models significantly reduces network delays and bottlenecks by providing a strong defence strategy against cyber threats and network shortcomings, thereby improving user satisfaction, and boosting the organizational reputation as a secure and effective service layer. Conclusively, the research highlights the pivotal role of machine learning in network traffic analysis, offering innovative insights and fresh perspectives on anomaly detection and the identification of malicious activities. It lays a foundation for future explorations and acts as an evaluation benchmark in the fields of cybersecurity and network management.
On arc fibers of morphisms of schemes
Authors: Chiu Christopher , de Fernex Tommaso , Docampo Roi
Published: July 2024

Given a morphism

f \colon X \to Y

of schemes over a field, we prove several finiteness results about the fibers of the induced map

f_{\infty} \colon X_{\infty} \to Y_{\infty}

on arc spaces. Assuming that

f

is quasi-finite and

X

is separated and quasi-compact, our theorem states that

f_{\infty}

has topologically finite fibers of bounded cardinality and its restriction to

X_{\infty} \setminus R_{\infty}

, where

R

is the ramification locus of

f

, has scheme-theoretically finite reduced fibers. We also provide an effective bound on the cardinality of the fibers of

f_{\infty}

when

f

is a finite morphism of varieties over an algebraically closed field, describe the ramification locus of

f_{\infty}

, and prove a general criterion for

f_{\infty}

to be a morphism of finite type. We apply these results to further explore the local structure of arc spaces. One application is that the local ring at a stable point of the arc space of a variety has finitely generated maximal ideal and topologically Noetherian spectrum, something that should be contrasted with the fact that these rings are not Noetherian in general; a lower bound on the dimension of these rings is also obtained. Another application gives a semicontinuity property for the embedding dimension and embedding codimension of arc spaces which extends to this setting a theorem of Lech on Noetherian local rings and translates into a semicontinuity property for Mather log discrepancies. Other applications are also discussed.
The stars at infinity in several complex variables
Authors: Karlsson Anders
Published: July 2024

This text reviews certain notions in metric geometry that may have further applications to problems in complex geometry and holomorphic dynamics in several variables. The discussion contains a few new results and formulates a number of questions related to the asymptotic geometry and boundary estimates of bounded complex domains, boundary extensions of biholomorphisms, the dynamics of holomorphic self-maps, Teichmüller theory, and the existence of constant scalar curvature metrics on compact Kähler manifolds.
Аппроксимации интегралов типа Римана-Лиувилля на отрезке некоторыми методами, основанными на суммах Фурье-Чебышeва
Authors: Potseiko Pavel Gennadjevich , Rovba Evgeny Alekseevich
Published: July 2024

Исследуются аппроксимации интегралов типа
Римана-Лиувилля на отрезке $[-1,1]$. Метод приближений представляет собой
оператор, который строится путем замены плотности интеграла
частичными суммами Фурье-Чебышeва. Устанавливаются интегральное представление приближений
и оценки приближений в случае, когда плотность принадлежит некоторым классам непрерывных функций.
Оценки существенным образом зависят от положения точки на отрезке.
Библиография: 36 названий.
О постановке краевой задачи для обобщенного уравнения Коши-Римана с неизолированными особенностями в младшем коэффициенте
Authors: Rasulov Abdurauf Babadzhanovich , Fedorov Yuri Sergeevich
Published: July 2024

В статье выявлен эффект влияния попарно непересекающихся и не проходящих через начоло координат неизолированных особенностей в младшем коэффициенте обобщенного уравнения Коши-Римана на постановку краевых задач. Условие на границе области оказалось недостаточным для решения таких задач. Поэтому рассмотрен случай, объединяющий элементы задач Римана-Гильберта на границе области и линейного сопряжения на окружностях-носителях сингулярностей младшего коэффициента, лежащих внутри области.
Библиография: 19 названий.
Об определителях Адамара и Вандермонда и методе Бернулли-Эйлера-Лагранжа-Эйткена вычисления корней полиномов
Authors: Lebedev Andrei Vladimirovich , Trubnikov Yurii Valentinovich , Chernyavsky Mikhail Mikhailovich
Published: July 2024

В статье развит метод Эйлера-Лагранжа вычисления всех корней произвольного
полинома $P(z)$ с комплексными коэффициентами, на базе подсчета пределов
отношений определителей (как и в методах Бернулли-Эйткена), построенных
по коэффициентам разложений в ряды Тейлора и Лорана функции $P'(z)/P(z)$.
Библиография: 8 названий.
Особенности трехмерных векторных полей, сохраняющих форму Мартине
Authors: Anastassiou Stavros
Published: July 2024

Изучается локальная структура векторных полей, заданных в пространстве $\mathbb{R}^3$, которые сохраняют $1$-форму Мартине $\alpha=(1+x)dy\pm z dz$. Произведена классификация их особенностей с точностью до диффеоморфизмов, сохраняющих форму $\alpha$, а также их трансверсальных разверток. В результате появляется возможность создать довольно полный список бифуркаций, которым подвергаются такие векторные поля.
Механизм формирования неоднородного нанорельефа и бифуркации в нелокальном уравнении эрозии
Authors: Kulikov Dmitrii Anatol'evich
Published: July 2024

Продолжены исследования нелокального уравнения эрозии, которое используется в качестве математической модели формирования
пространственно неоднородного рельефа на поверхности полупроводников. Показано, что формирование такого рельефа может происходить в результате локальных бифуркаций при смене устойчивости у пространственно однородного состояния равновесия. Рассмотрена периодическая краевая задача, у которой изучаются бифуркации коразмерности 2. Для решений, описывающих неоднородный
нанорельеф, получены асимптотические формулы, и изучен вопрос об их устойчивости.
Анализ математической задачи основан на современных методах теории динамических систем с бесконечномерным фазовым пространством, в частности на методе интегральных многообразий и аппарате теории нормальных форм.
A comparative study of security features of national identity cards in five countries: India, Brazil, South Africa, Malaysia, and the Philippines = Badania porównawcze zabezpieczeń w dokumentach osobistych używanych w pięciu krajach: Indiach, Brazylii, Południowej Afryce, Malezji i Filipinach
Authors: Chavda Mukti , Mann Manisha
Published: July 2024

This article discusses the security features of national identity cards of different countries in order to compare and help understand the application and uniqueness of these features. national identity cards are security documents provided with embedded security features to prevent their counterfeiting and misuse. These features include holograms, microprinting, anti-photocopying properties, QR codes, and ghost images. A security document is a medium necessary to prove a person’s identity as an unique individual in the civil and legal sense. This article analyzes a comparative study of national identity cards used in five countries: India, Brazil, South Africa, Malaysia, and the Philippines. The study was based on a collective set of 22 security features, such as ghost images, QR codes, tactile engravings, microprocessor chips, guilloches, holograms, and anti-photocopying features. The results showed that the lowest number of security features appears in the Brazilian identity card (8), followed in increasing order by India (10), Malaysia (12), the Philippines (12), and South Africa (14). Moreover, the article discusses the prevalence of security features, along with the need for and the methods to implement their improvement. The study aims to identify a security feature or a combination of features that would make the security document in question safer. This could assist countries around the world in curbing the prevalence of fraud and identity theft by improving and strengthening their identification systems.
Messerer fracture: a comparison of the prevalence of the Messerer fracture between 1980–1984 and 2016–2020 based on materials from the Department of Forensic Medicine in Kraków = Złamanie Messerera – porównanie częstości występowania zjawiska w latach 1980–1984 i 2016–2020 w materiale Zakładu Medycyny Sądowej w Krakowie
Authors: Szypuła Gabriela , Kanclerz Gabriela , Szczepaniak Patrycja , Komisarz-Calik Maria , Koziołek Wojciech , Konopka Tomasz
Published: July 2024

Aim: The aim of the study was to compare the incidence of Messerer fractures in the years 1980–1984 and 2016–2020 in the material of the Department of Forensic Medicine in Kraków and to equate it with the available literature.

Material and methods: Section protocols collected at the Department of Forensic Medicine in Kraków from 1980–1984 and 2016–2020 were investigated. Cases of car-pedestrian traffic accidents were collected and analyzed.

Results: In the 39 cases from 1980–1984, 47 Messerer fractures were present. These reports represented 8.35% of deaths related to car-pedestrian traffic accidents. Among 9 women, Messerer fracture was generally observed in the right femur (41.67%), and the base of the wedge was lateral (41.67%). Whereas among 30 men, it was mainly located in the right femur or tibia (25.71% each). Alcohol was detected among 17 people. While in the 34 postmortem reports from 2016–2020 (15.38% of fatal strikes by a car), 43 Messerer fractures were present. They were usually located in the right tibia (39.5%), then in the right fibula (20.9%) and in the left tibia (14%). The bases of the wedges were mostly lateral (51.2%) and anterior (14%). In contemporary protocols, alcohol was detected among 22 people.

Conclusions: Contrary to the literature data Messerer fractures occur in modern times almost twice as often as in the 80’s. Some differences regarding localization in lower extremities or wedge orientation can be observed.
Halvetiyye-Şâbâniyye’nin Cezayir’deki İlk Şubesi: Rahmâniyye Tarikatı ve Yayılması
Authors: Bekçi Semih
Published: July 2024

Çalışma, Halvetiyye-Şâbâniyye kolunun Cezayir’deki ilk şubesi olan Rahmâniyye tarikatını ele almaktadır. Muhammed b. Abdurrahman el-Gaştûlî el-Ezherî tarafından kurulan tarikatın kuruluş süreci, Cezayir’de yayılması ve ülkedeki etkilerini ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmada tarikatın kurucusu olan Ezherî’nin hayatı incelenmiş, ilmî ve tasavvufî yönüne kısaca temas edilmiştir. 19. yüzyılda Cezayir’de aktif birçok tarikat olmasına rağmen bölgenin en hızlı büyüyen ve gelişen tarikatı olduğu belirtilen Rahmâniyye’nin kısa zaman içerisindeki bu yükselişinin temel nedenleri tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Bu bağlamda Ezherî’nin şeriat-tarikat birlikteliğini hayata geçirme çabası ve bu birlikteliğin hakikate ulaştıracak yegâne yol olduğunu vurgulaması, manevi nüfûzu, Ezher’de kaldığı uzun yılların kazandırdığı ilmî ve derûnî tecrübe, kaleme aldığı eserler ve irşâd metodu gibi hususların, tarikatın bu denli yayılmasında etkin rol oynayan temel faktörler olduğu görülmüştür. Çalışmada tarikatın ana zâviyesi Âyt İsmail başta olmak üzere halifelerinin kurduğu diğer zaviyeler de ele alınarak Rahmâniyye’nin Cezayir tarihindeki konumu ve yayılış bölgeleri belirlenmiş, tarihi süreç içerisinde gelişen diğer zaviyelerin ise ülke genelindeki istatiksel bilgilerine yer verilmiştir. Rahmâniyye’nin yayılmasının önünü açtığı tespit edilen, tarikata mensup dervişlerin zâviyelerde yürüttüğü irşat ve tedris faaliyetlerine de değinilmiştir. Aynı zamanda Fransızların Cezayir’i işgal sürecinde tarikat müntesiplerinin mücadele ve direniş örneklerine yer verilmiştir. Böylece Rahmânîlerin Batılı emperyalistlere karşı Cezayir’in ilmî, dini ve sosyo-kültürel mirasını koruma çabası ve gayretlerine işaret edilmiştir. Rahmâniyye Tarikatı’nın ele alındığı bu çalışmada doküman analizi yöntemi kullanılmıştır.
Engaging Karl Barth's Theology with Nurcholis Madjid and Ibn Taymiyya
Authors: Saragih Denni Boy
Published: July 2024

This study presents a pioneering dialogue between Karl Barth’s Christian theology and Islamic theological perspectives in the Indonesian context, focusing specifically on the concept of universal salvation. The primary interlocutors are Nurcholish Madjid, interpreting Ibn Taymiyya, and Karl Barth’s theology. Barth’s universalism envisions an inclusive future for humanity, elaborated in Barth’s exposition of the theme “Jesus is Victor,” suggesting a universal reprieve from divine eschatological judgment. Correspondingly, Madjid’s interpretation of Islamic theology proposes a universally hopeful future, recognizing the broad spectrum of divine revelation across various religious traditions, thereby fostering a sense of shared hope among diverse religious followers. Ibn Taymiyya, often misconceived as a figurehead for radical elements, is depicted in this essay as advocating a form of universalism where divine mercy ultimately triumphs over retribution. This article contends that this mutual anticipation of universal salvation can pave the way for meaningful Christian-Islamic interactions in the Indonesian milieu, contributing significantly to interfaith dialogue and understanding.
MEDICAL PLURALISM IN BRITISH PUNJAB: NECESSITY OF COEXISTENCE, CONVERGENCE IN DIVERSE SOCIO-CULTURAL FABRIC
Authors: Yasin Shabana , Noreen Sumaira
Published: July 2024

This research paper explores the coexistence and convergence of plural healthcare practices in British Punjab with a prime focus on the need for a diverse social order to accommodate multiple healthcare setups. The interdisciplinary conceptual framework of this research rests on the debate around the dynamics of medical pluralism and its implications for healthcare delivery, while combining medical anthropology, and historical sociology. to understand. The objective is to explore how different medical systems, both indigenous and contemporary, influence and interact with each other, hence serving as the driving forces towards their coexistence and sometimes convergence of these systems. The findings reveal a complex and dynamic landscape of medical pluralism in the then British Punjab, with traditional Ayurvedic, Unani, and homoeopathic practices showcasing interactions between traditional and Western medical practices. The findings reveal that recognizing and integrating various medical traditions and practices is crucial for ensuring accessible and effective healthcare services for the population.
THE DETERIORATING MENTAL STATES OF WOMEN LIVING IN OLD AGE HOMES: A NARRATIVE INQUIRY
Authors: Khan Shanzey , Haroon Zara
Published: July 2024

Old home living has become prevalent in Pakistan, but it differs significantly from living at home. This narrative inquiry uses in-depth interviews to explore the psychological impact on women residing in old age homes. Using an interpretivist paradigm, five women aged 60-75 from two Lahore old age homes were interviewed. The recurrent themes were "Health-related concerns," "Adverse life events," "Challenges," and "Coping mechanisms." The women, facing financial insecurity and emotional instability, had chosen to live in these homes. Many experienced troubled marriages, neglect from children, and family rejection, leading to depression, anxiety, and medical issues like high blood pressure and diabetes. Their coping mechanisms varied, with some leading to negative outcomes like denial and self-blaming. Isolation and abandonment resulted in hopelessness, bitterness, and negativity. This research highlights the need for mental health awareness and support for female residents in Pakistani old age homes.
Youth Migration and its Resultant Effect on Small-Scale Fish Farming in Southwest Nigeria
Authors: Segun Ashley-Dejo Samuel
Published: July 2024

The study aimed at assessing the effects of rural youths’ migration pattern on small-scale fish farming in southwest Nigeria. Primary data were obtained from 440 fish farmers with the aid of a well-structured questionnaire, using multi-stage random sampling technique. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics and likert scale rating techniques. The results showed that majority of the fishers were married males with mean age, household size and fishing experience of 44 years, 6 persons and 14 years respectively. It was further revealed that scarce employment opportunities (89.1%), flood/drought (85.7%), poverty (79.8%) and insurgency/displacement (75.5%) were the major push factors triggering rural youth’s migration in the study area while attractive wages/high income (98.0%), diverse employment opportunities (90.2%), alternative source of income during off season (86.1%) and availability of improved technologies (70.7%) were the major pull triggering youths’ migration in the study area. Thus, provision of loan to fishers at flexible interest rate, availability of improved fishing equipment, establishment of vocational training centres, integrating rural youth into empowerment programmes and provision of improved fishing methods to attract youth were the main strategies that could be used to checkmate rural youth migration in the study area. It was therefore recommended that Bank of Agriculture should be encourage to give out minimal loan interest rate to fishers at flexible repayment plans, empowerment/skills acquisition/entrepreneurship programmes should be established.
Comparative Analysis of the Nutrient and Anti-Nutrient Compositions of Five Different African Eggplants.
Authors: Akin-Osanaiye Bukola Catherine , Hassan Aisha , Abodunde Clement Abiodun
Published: July 2024

Five distinct African eggplants were used in the study to determine their nutritional and anti-nutrient contents which include: Solanum aethiopica, Solanum gilo, Solanum inacnum, Solanum macrocarpon and Solanum melomgena. These analyses were carried using standard methods. The result indicated that S. inacnum has the highest proximate composition with calorific value of 306.45 kcal, S. gilo recorded the lowest carbohydrate value (9.28%). S. aethiopica, had the lowest proximate values but recorded the most value of crude fibre (22.00 ± 0.02%). S. macrocarpon has a low crude protein of 10.47% and a higher carbohydrate of 40.74 while S. melomgena has the highest carbohydrate and moisture of 42.98 and 84.58% respectively. There is no significant difference (p≤0.5) between the values obtained for all the minerals, in all the eggplants. The anti-nutrient analysis showed that S. gilo has the highest oxalate (6.01 ± 0.02mg/g). S. macrocarpon has a lower saponin (14.05 ± 0.02), hydrocyanic acid (4.34 ± 0.02) and phenol (1.45 ± 0.0l). S. melongena has the lowest tannin of 1.01 ± 0.01 but has the highest nitrate of 1.03 ± 0.01 µg/g. This shows that the eggplant, S. incanum, has the highest nutrient composition and can be eaten regularly for health benefits.