bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Konsentrasi Limbah Pencemar MBAS (Methylen Blue Active Substance) pada Perairan Muara Kali Ijo, Kabupaten Kebumen
Authors: Hendrayana Hendrayana , Dhani Putri Rizki Rahma , Hidayati Nuning Vita , Haryati Ani
Published: October 2023

Muara Kali Ijo is the place where rivers flow in Kebumen Regency, which carry a lot of domestic wastes resulting from sanitation activities, namely detergent. The study aims to determine the quality of Muara Kali Ijo Waters based on MBAS concentration (Methylen Blue Active Substances). MBAS is a standard method for determining the concentration of anionic surfactants in detergents. This study uses descriptive methods with purposive random sampling techniques. Sampling was carried out on March 11, 2023 with a total of five stations. The results of the analysis of the MBAS concentration in the BBSPJPPI laboratory ranged from 0.031 – 0.064 mg/L and the measurement of water quality parameters was still relatively good, below the quality standard threshold. PCA results show that there is a negative correlation between MBAS concentration and water quality parameters. Productive anthropogenic activities around the area have a potential to contribute detergent waste from washing activities and increase MBAS concentrations.

Keywords: antropogenic, muara kali ijo, MBAS, PCA, waters quality
Susceptibility of three indigenous Indonesian fish species: mahseer (Tor soro), snakehead (Channa striata), and bagrid catfish (Hemibagrus nemurus) against parasites infection
Authors: Sumiati Tuti , Taukhid Taukhid , Andriyanto Septiyan , Wadjdy Edy Farid
Published: October 2023

AbstractÂ Mahseer "dewa" (Tor soro), snakehead "gabus" (Channa striata), and bagrid catfish "baung" (Hemibagrus nemurus) are local specific fish species that are promising to be developed as freshwater aquaculture commodities in Indonesia. Disease cases/outbreaks in those fish farming have often been reported, however, there is not much information on the epizootiology and disease status of those fish species. The susceptibility of those fish to parasitic infection was evaluated by natural and artificial infection. Natural infection was conducted by randomly sampling 20 fish at 5-day intervals and lasting for 30 days. In artificial infection, 150 tested fish cohabited with 40 parasite-carrying fish that were known to be definitely infected by the parasite. The observation was carried out by sampling 20 fish at 5-day intervals and lasting for 30 days. The results showed that the three fish species were susceptible to infection with Trichodina spp, Epistylis spp, Tetrahymena spp, Ichtyophthirius multifiliis, Dactylogyrus spp, and Gyrodactylus spp, while the helminth parasite Pallisentis nagpurensis (Acanthocephala) was only identified in snakehead. A number of parasites such as I. multifiliis, Dactylogyrus spp., and Gyrodactylus spp. are likely to be potential obstacles in the cultivation of those fish species, especially in hatcheries and nurseries.Â Keywords: mahseer, snakehead, bagrid catfish, parasites
Ultra-Sparse Network Advantage in Deep Learning via Cannistraci-Hebb Brain-Inspired Training With Hyperbolic Meta-Deep Community-Layered Epitopology
Authors: Zhang Yingtao , Zhao Jialin , Wu Wenjing , Muscoloni Alessandro , Cannistraci Carlo Vittorio
Published: October 2023

Sparse training (ST) aims to ameliorate deep learning by replacing fully connected artificial neural networks (ANNs) with sparse or ultra-sparse ones, such as brain networks are, therefore it might benefit to borrow brain-inspired learning paradigms from complex network intelligence theory. Here, we launch the ultrasparse advantage challenge, whose goal is to offer evidence on the extent to which ultra-sparse (around 1% connection retained) topologies can achieve any leaning advantage on fully connected. Epitopological learning is a field of network science and complex network intelligence that studies how to implement learning on complex networks by changing the shape of their connectivity structure (epitopological plasticity). One way to implement Epitopological (epi- means new) Learning is via link prediction: predicting the likelihood of nonobserved links to appear in the network. Cannistraci-Hebb learning theory inspired the CH3-L3 network automata rule for link prediction which is effective for general-purpose link prediction. Here, starting from CH3-L3 we propose Epitopological Sparse Meta-deep Learning (ESML) to apply Epitopological Learning to sparse training. In empirical experiments, we find that ESML learns ANNs with ultra-sparse hyperbolic (epi-)topology in which emerges a community layer organization that is meta-deep (meaning that each layer also has an internal depth due to powerlaw node hierarchy). Furthermore, we discover that ESML can in many cases automatically sparse the neurons during training (arriving even to 30% neurons left in hidden layers), this process of node dynamic removal is called percolation. Starting from this network science evidence, we design Cannistraci-Hebb training (CHT), a 4-step training methodology that put ESML at its heart. We conduct experiments on 6 datasets and 3 network structures (MLPs, VGG16, ResNet50) comparing CHT to dynamic sparse training SOTA algorithms and fully connected network. The results indicate that, with a mere 1% of links retained during training, CHT surpasses fully connected networks on VGG16 and ResNet50. This key finding is an evidence for ultra-sparse advantage and signs a milestone in deep learning. CHT acts akin to a gradient-free oracle which adopts CH3-L3 based epitopological learning to guide the placement of new links in the ultra-sparse network topology to facilitate sparse-weight gradient learning, and this in turn reduces the convergence time of ultra-sparse training. Finally, CHT offers first examples of parsimony dynamic sparse training because, in many datasets, it canretain network performance by percolating and significantly reducing the node network size.
Current and Expected Trends for the Marine Chitin/Chitosan and Collagen Value-Chains
Authors: Vieira Helena , Lestre Gonçalo Moura , Solstad Runar Gjerp , Cabral Ana Elisa , Botelho Anabela , Helbig Carlos , Coppola Daniela , De Pascale Donatella , Robbens Johan , Raes Katleen , Lian Kjersti , Tsirtsidou Kyriaki , Leal Miguel C. , Scheers Nathalie , Calado Ricardo , Corticeiro Sofia , Rasche Stefan , Altintzoglou Themistoklis , Zou Yang , Lillebø Ana I.
Published: October 2023

Chitin/chitosan and collagen are two of the most important bioactive compounds with applications in the pharmaceutical, veterinary, nutraceutical, cosmetic, biomaterials, and other industries. When extracted from fish and shellfish non-edible parts, by-catches, and invasive species, their use contributes to a more sustainable and circular economy. The present article reviews the scientific knowledge and publication trends along the marine chitin/chitosan and collagen value-chains and assesses how researchers, industry players, and end-users can bridge the gap between scientific understanding and industrial applications. Overall, research on chitin/chitosan remains focused on the compound itself rather than its market applications. Still, chitin/chitosan use is expected to increase in food and biomedical applications, while that of collagen is expected to increase in biomedical, cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and nutritional applications. Sustainable practices, such as the reuse of waste materials, contribute to strengthen both value-chains; the identified weaknesses include the lack of studies considering market trends, social sustainability, and profitability, as well as insufficient examination of intellectual property rights. Government regulations, market demand, consumer preferences, technological advancements, environmental challenges, and legal frameworks play significant roles in shaping both value-chains. Addressing these factors is crucial for seizing opportunities, fostering sustainability, complying with regulations, and maintaining competitiveness in these constantly evolving value-chains.
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) Paired with ReST Training in Apraxia of Speech in Young Adult with Trisomy 21
Authors: Nakamura-Palacios Ester Miyuki , Falçoni Júnior Aldren Thomazini , Tanese Gabriela Lolli , Vogeley Ana Carla Estellita , Namasivayam Aravind Kumar
Published: October 2023

Apraxia of speech is a persistent speech motor disorder that affects speech intelligibility. Studies on speech motor disorders with transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) have been mostly directed to post-stroke aphasia. Only a few tDCS studies have focused on apraxia of speech or childhood apraxia of speech (CAS), and no study has investigated individuals with CAS and people with trisomy 21 (T21, Down Syndrome). This study examined the effects of tDCS combined with a motor learning task in developmental apraxia of speech co-existing with T21 (ReBEC RBR-5435x9). The accuracy of speech sound production of nonsense words (NSWs) during Rapid Syllable Transition Training (ReST) under 10 sessions of anodal tDCS (1.5 mA, 25 cm) over the Broca’s area with cathode over the contralateral region was compared to 10 sessions of sham-tDCS and 4 control sessions in a 20-year-old male individual with T21 presenting moderate-severe childhood apraxia of speech (CAS). The accuracy for NSWs production progressively improved (gain 40%) under tDCS only (sham-tDCS and control sessions showed <20% gain). A decrease in speech severity from moderate-severe to mild-moderate indicated transfer effects in speech production. The speech accuracy under tDCS was correlated with Wernicke’s area activation (P3 current source density), which in turn, was correlated with the activation of the left supramarginal gyrus and the Sylvian Parietal Temporal Junction. Repetitive bihemispheric tDCS paired with ReST may have facilitated the speech sound acquisition in a young adult with T21 and CAS, possibly by recruiting brain regions required for the phonological working memory.
Simultaneous Pipe Leak Detection and Localization Using Attention-Based Deep Learning Autoencoder
Authors: Karimanzira Divas
Published: October 2023

Water distribution networks are often susceptible to pipeline leaks caused by mechanical damages, natural hazards, corrosion, and other factors. This paper focuses on the detection of leaks in water distribution networks (WDN) using a data-driven approach based on machine learning. A hybrid Autoencoder neural network (AE) is developed, which utilizes unsupervised learning to address the issue of unbalanced data (as anomalies are rare events). The AE consists of a 3DCNN encoder, a ConvLSTM decoder, and a ConvLSTM future predictor, making the anomaly detection robust. Additionally, spatial, and temporal attention mechanisms are employed to enhance leak localization. The AE first learns the expected behavior and subsequently detects leaks by identifying deviations from this expected behavior. To evaluate the performance of the proposed method, the Water Network Tool for Resilience (WNTR) Simulator is utilized to generate water pressure and flow rate data in a water supply network. Various conditions such as fluctuating water demands, data noise, and the presence of leaks are considered using the pressure-driven demand (PDD) method. Datasets with and without pipe leaks are obtained, where the AE is trained using the dataset without leaks and tested using the dataset with simulated pipe leaks. The results, based on a benchmark WDN and a confusion matrix analysis, demonstrate that the proposed method successfully identifies leaks in 96% of cases and a false positive rate of 4% compared to a random forest model baseline based on supervised learning with a false positive rate of 15% due to unbalanced data. Furthermore, a real case study demonstrates the applicability of the developed model for leak detection in operational conditions of water supply networks using inline sensor data.
Dentinal Hypersensitivity Treatment with 1064 nm and 980 nm Diode Laser
Authors: El Mobadder Marwan , Nammour Samir
Published: October 2023

Dentinal Hypersensitivity (DH), a prevalent oral health issue affecting approximately one-third of adults. In this six-months retrospective study, a comparison was made to assess the effectiveness of two diode lasers with different wavelengths (980 nm and 1064 nm) in the treatment of tooth affected by DH. In total, 160 patients were divided into two treatment groups: one receiving treatment with a 980 nm diode laser (n=80) and the other with a 1064 nm diode laser (n=80). Pain was assessed using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) at baseline, immediately post-treatment, and at 3- and 6-months follow-up. Both groups followed the same treatment protocol, involving the application of a graphite paste to the exposed dentin before laser irradiation. Both lasers operated at an output power of 0.5 W in continuous and non-contact mode, with a 320 µm spot size. A significant reduction in mean VAS scores at all follow-up intervals compared to baseline was noted. 980 nm group had mean VAS scores of 7.9, 2.36, 2.31, and 2.38, while the 1064 nm group had scores of 8.01, 1.01, 1.16, and 1.13 at baseline, immediately post-treatment, and at 3 and 6 months, respectively. At all times of follow-up, the 1064 nm wavelengths showed a statistically significant reduction in mean values of VAS compared to the 980 nm. The findings may inform future research on optimizing laser-based treatments for DH.
Consistent Greenhouse Accounting Identifies Forests and Land Use as Crucial Determinants of Climate
Authors: Wedderburn-Bisshop Gerard
Published: October 2023

Conventional greenhouse accounting inadequately describes land use/land use change and forestry (LULUCF) emissions, cooling emissions, and sequestration potential. As we enter the age of drawdown, we propose an accounting framework that offers greater consistency and transparency. By unfolding net accounting of LULUCF CO2 emissions; aggregating biosphere sinks; accounting for all emissions (heating and cooling); com-paring sectors with emissions-based Effective Radiative Forcing (ERF) rather than global warming potential; and including drawdown potential of land use carbon opportunity cost (COC), this reveals fresh insight into sector contributions and mitigation potential. Consistent gross emissions reporting of LULUCF CO2 emissions finds these to be at least 3.5 times greater than conventionally understood. Consolidating natural sequestration on ‘managed’ and ‘intact’ land, we find that since 1750 vegetation and the oceans have removed from the atmosphere an amount equivalent to 2.4 times cumulative fossil fuel CO2 emissions, demonstrating the immense drawdown potential of the biosphere. This accounting places deforestation (responsible for 77% of LULUCF emissions) as the main source of historic CO2 emissions, and attributes drawdown potential COC to sectors. The most extensive land use sector, animal agriculture, was found to have contributed the greatest warming (52% of net ERF since 1750) and to offer the greatest drawdown potential COC.
ESG Performance, Auditor Choice, and Audit Opinion: Evidence from an Emerging Market
Authors: Diab Ahmed , Eissa Aref M.
Published: October 2023

Purpose –This study examines the effect of ESG performance on auditor choice and audit opinion for Egyptian-listed firms.
Design/methodology/approach – We use univariate and multivariate analyses of 612 firm-year observations for a sample of 68 firms listed on EGX100 over 2012-2022 using binary logistic regression models.
Findings – Consistent with the ethical perspective of corporate social responsibility, we found that firms listed in the ESG index are more likely to assign one of the Big4 auditors, and less likely to receive a qualified opinion. In addition, we find that COVID-19 moderates the relationship between ESG performance, auditor choice, and audit opinion.
Originality/value – Our results contribute to the growing interest in the implications of ESG performance for audit practices in emerging economies.
Implications: This research has important implications for investors, the audit profession, firms, and regulators in Egypt. It provides substantial evidence that ESG performance can enhance financial reporting quality. Further, it indicates that binding guidelines and regulations are crucial to oversee corporate ESG performance, especially during crisis time to enhance investors’ protection and firms’ sustainability.
Police Ergonomic Parameters as a Method to Evaluate the Training at Cadiz Public Security School on the Use of Police Force of Candidates to Become Local Police Officers in Andalucía.
Authors: Vera-Jiménez José C. , Villero-Carro Domingo , Gonzalez-Herrera3 Lucas , Pastor-Fernández Andrés , Vera-Jurado José C. , Álvarez José A. , Ayuso Jesús
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT(1) Background:. Because of the numerous debates about the training on the use of force provided to police officers, this study intends to evaluate several parameters (Police Ergonomic Parameters, PEP) in connection with such training. (2) Research method: : A smartsuit equipped with a set of 19 wireless sensors including triaxial accelerometers, Inertial Measurement Units (IMU), gyroscopes and geomagnetic sensors has been used. Biomechanics of Body (BoB) software application allowed to evaluate the risks associated to the basic technique number 1 of the Operational Tactical Procedures (OTP) with regard to the established parameters (PEP). The OTP basic technique number 1 was performed by 4 novice police officers. (3) Results: According to the evaluation of a number of specific parameters such as Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA), asymmetry over the sagittal plane, compression force at the L5-pelvic junction, shear force at the L5-pelvic junction and total muscle power, it was observed that the measured values clearly varied depending on each individual's performance, although they remained consistent with the values established by Police Ergonomic Parameters, and were significantly different from the values measured when a police officer used a traditional physical intervention procedure, in which case, the values measured were indicative of higher risks. (4) Conclusions: In order to achieve lower and more uniform values in terms of risk, we believe that it is necessary to employ a greater number of hours to the training of police officers on the use of force and also the convenience of conducting further studies on a larger and more representative sample of officers.
An Alkaline Gut Protects Herbivores from Latex in Forage, but Increases Their Susceptibility to Bt Endotoxin
Authors: Rajan Vidya
Published: October 2023

About 10% of angiosperms, an estimated 20,000 species, produce latex from ubiquitous isoprene precursors. Latex, an aqueous suspension of rubber particles and other compounds, functions as an antifeedant and herbivory deterrent. Here, I propose that the solubility of latex in neutral to alkaline pH supports the hypothesis that foregut-fermenting herbivores such as ruminants, kangaroos, sloths, insect larvae and tadpoles have evolved to adapt to the ingestion of latex with the evolution of alkaline anterior digestive chamber(s). However, they consequently become susceptible to the action of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) -endotoxin and related bioinsecticides which are activated in alkaline environments. By contrast, hindgut-fermenting herbivores such as horses and rabbits have acidic anterior digestive chambers in which latex coagulates and may cause gut blockage, but in which Bt is not activated. The latex-adapted foregut herbivore vs. latex-maladapted hindgut herbivore hypothesis developed in this paper has implications for foregut-fermenting husbanded livestock and zoo animals which may be provided with latex-containing forage that is detrimental to their gut health. Further, ruminants and herbivorous tadpoles with alkaline anterior chambers are at risk for damage by the supposedly “environmentally-friendly” Bt bioinsecticide which is widely disseminated, or engineered into crops which may enter animal feed streams.
A Greek translation of the Brunel Mood Scale: Initial Validation among Exercise Participants and Inactive Adults
Authors: Vlachopoulos Symeon P. , LANE ANDREW Michael , Terry Peter C
Published: October 2023

The aim of the present study was to provide initial validity evidence of a Greek translation of the 24-item Brunel Mood Scale, referred to as the BRUMS-Greek, a measure of anger, confusion, depression, fatigue, tension, and vigour. Data were collected from 1,417 Greek adult exercise participants and 369 physically inactive adults, totaling 1,786 adults (male = 578, female = 1,208) aged 18–64 years (M = 34.73 ± 11.81 years). Given the large univariate and multivariate non-normality, confirmatory factor analyses treating responses as ordered categorical variables was conducted, which supported the hypothesised six correlated-factor measurement model. Internal consistency reliability of BRUMS-Greek subscales was supported via Cronbach alpha coefficients. Construct validity of scales was supported (a) via correlations in the hypothesised direction with trait positive and negative affect, (b) with more positive and less negative moods reported immediately after participation in a single exercise class compared to pre-exercise mood, and (c) with exercise participants reporting more positive and less negative mood states compared to physically inactive adults. Women reported higher tension and lower vigour scores than men. Tension scores were higher and confusion scores lower among younger participants (≤ 35 years) than older participants (≥ 36 years). Participants with obesity reported higher negative mood scores than those who were underweight or normal weight. In sum, the BRUMS-Greek demonstrated acceptable psychometric characteristics, and is proposed to be a suitable measure for use with exercise participants, physically inactive adults, and other Greek populations to explore research questions related to mood.
Risk Factors in the Era of Emerging Infectious Diseases: Challenges and Strategies
Authors: Mustafa Mujahed , Makhawi Abdelrafie
Published: October 2023

Emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) continue to be a problem all across the world, but in certain areas the threat is greater than in others. The detection of new diseases will aid in the focus of surveillance efforts. Specifically, identifying a "patient zero" is critical step to help limit further transmission. In fact, several factors have been found to contribute to emerging infectious diseases emergence and transmission. Antigenic drift is an important factor that affects vaccine effectiveness and it is important for scientists and healthcare providers alike to understand how this process works in order to ensure that people receive effective vaccinations against infectious diseases. However, recent advances in biotechnology, immunology and artificial intelligence have enabled us to make progress in diagnosis, treatment, prevention and control of infectious diseases. The fight against infectious diseases will always be ongoing, but the advancement of bioscience offers a promising outlook for the near future. In the last two decades, several high impact zoonotic disease outbreaks have been linked to bat-borne viruses. These include SARS coronavirus, Hendra virus and Nipah virus. In addition, it has been suspected that ebolaviruses and MERS coronavirus are also linked to bats. It is being increasingly accepted that bats are potential reservoirs of a large number of known and unknown viruses, many of which could spillover into animal and human populations. In this article, we discuss the potential risk factors that contribute in emerging infectious diseases. Also, we discuss the management of disease prevention and control.
Access the Diagnostic Accuracy of GeneXpert to Detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Rifampicin-Resistance Tuberculosis among Presumptive Tuberculosis and Presumptive Drug Resistant Tuberculosis Patients
Authors: Ramachandra Venkateswari , Brammacharry Usharani , Muralidhar Aaina , Muthukumar Anbazhagi , Mani Revathi , Muthaiah Muthuraj , Soundappan Govindarajan , Frederick Asha
Published: October 2023

Xpert MTB/RIF is rapid molecular diagnostic tool capable of simultaneously detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance. This study aimed to access the diagnostic precision of Xpert MTB/RIF assay to detect pulmonary and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis and to evaluate the performance for the detection of rifampicin resistance. Of 37695 samples, 7156(18.98%) were tuberculosis positive, 509(7.11%) were rifampicin-resistant. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, Diseases prevalence and accuracy of Xpert MTB/RIF assay for PTB were 99.87% (95%CI:99.75-99.94), 99.92%(95%CI:99.88-99.95), 99.71%(95%CI:99.54-99.82),99.97%(95%CI:99.93-99.98),21.38% (95%CI:20.92-21.86),and 99.91%(95%CI:99.87-99.94), respectively. For EPTB, the sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, Diseases prevalence and accuracy of Xpert MTB/RIF assay accounted for 99.45% (95%CI:98.73-99.82),99.84%(95%CI:99.73-99.92),98.70%(95%CI:97.73-99.25),99.93% (95%CI:99.84-99.97),10.64%(95%CI:9.99-11.31),and 99.80%(95%CI:99.68-99.88), respectively. Despite its high sensitivity for detecting tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance, Xpert MTB/RIF had contradictory results for 20.5% of cases among patients with negative smear results and 54.9% of cases among patients with a high risk of Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. Of 47 fluoroquinolone-resistant, 16.56% (26/157) of Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis isolates and 4.02% (20/498) isoniazid-resistant are fluoroquinolone-resistant, a characteristic distribution leading to about 17.2% of fluoroquinolone resistance events and relevant marker gyr-A mutations in MDR tuberculosis isolates. Further, our study indicated that increased fluoroquinolone resistance among Rifampicin-resistant and isoniazid-resistant tuberculosis endangers the success of newly endorsed MDR-TB regimens.
The Moderating Effect of Online Streaming Contents Service Characteristics on Online Word-of-mouth for Service Performance
Authors: Lee Sangjae
Published: October 2023

Online streaming contents are creating greater service uncertainty, as consumers need to experience such contents before making a decision to continue to purchase them. Few studies have investigated the interaction between eWOM (online word-of-mouth) and online streaming content service characteristics in online streaming contents’ performance and explained the way this interaction can promote service characteristics’ role in service performance or remedy service uncertainty attributable to these characteristics. Thus, this paper examines the interaction between eWOM and service (webtoon) characteristics (i.e., author experience, genre (drama or fantasy), completion, transfer to pay service, and publication time (Wednesday)) on online streaming contents’ service performance measures such as publication period and gamification of contents. Author experience and genre interact with the number of reviews to affect gamification. The transfer to pay service interacts crucially with review ratings and the number of reviews to influence both publication period and gamification. Online streaming contents completion and publication time are interacting factors with review ratings that affected publication period. Service providers need to cope with service uncertainty in furthering online streaming contents service by considering service characteristics as well as customers’ responses through eWOM.
Overactivity of the Less Affected Side as a Possible Pattern of Asymmetry in Sitting in Persons Suffered from First-Time Ischemic Stroke – an Observative Study
Authors: Zdrowowicz-Doroz Agata , Stolarski Jakub , Krzysztoń Karolina , Domitrz Izabela , Kochanowski Jan
Published: October 2023

The observation of persons in the acute phase of ischemic stroke (IS) allowed to select a group of patients whose spontaneous motor activity stood out from the typical clinical picture of the hemiplegia syndrome. It has been noticed that these persons have presented tendency to shift the body weigh toward more affected side and the tendency to move the upper and / or the lower limb (not covered by the neurological syndrome) in simple, repetitive patterns. The purposes of this study were: to define noted kind of behavior, and to select symptoms which can predict the occurrence it. Persons (n=222) hospitalized due to first-time IS were as-signed to 3 groups. A: 78 persons with no lateralization of the neurological syndrome (LoNS). B: 109 persons with LoNS, O+: 35 persons, who at the beginning of hospitalization presented, apart from LoNS, charac-teristic motor symptoms. Persons underwent therapy depending on the neurological symptoms. If the pa-tient demonstrated the potential symptoms for overactivity of the less affected side (OLAS), to confirm it, trial therapy was performed. The predictive symptoms, selected among these from the index day, for the occurrence OLAS in sitting were distinguished: asymmetry in supine and simple, repetitive movements of nonparetic upper extremity.
Hydrogen: A Rising Star in Gas Medicine as a Mitochondria-Targeting Nutrient via Activating Keap1-Nrf2 Antioxidant System
Authors: Cheng Danyu , Long Jiangang , Zhao Lin , Liu Jiankang
Published: October 2023

The gas molecules O2, NO, H2S, CO, CH4 , have been increasingly used for medical purposes. Beside these gas molecules, H2, the smallest diatomic molecule in nature, has become a rising star in gas medicine in the past few decades. As a non-toxic and easily accessible gas, H2 has shown preventive and therapeutic effects on various diseases of the respiratory, cardiovascular, central nervous and other systems, but the mechanisms are still unclear and even controversial, especially the mechanism of H2 as a selective radical scavenger. Mitochondria are the main organelles regulating energy metabolism in living organisms, as well as the main organelle of reactive oxygen species generation and target. We propose that the protective role of H2 may be mainly dependent on its unique penetrating ability to everywhere of the cells to regulate mitochondrial homeostasis by activating the Keap1-Nrf2 phase II antioxidant system, rather than its direct free radical scavenging activity. In this review, we summarize the protective effects and focus on the mechanism of H2 as a mitochondria-targeting nutrient by activating the Keap1-Nrf2 system in different disease models, and wish to provide a more rational theoretical support for the medical applications of hydrogen.
The Symphony of Algorithms:Harmonizing Hybrids for Stock Market Prognostication
Authors: Deshmukh Sudhanshu Jayant , Talekar Sopan
Published: October 2023

Stock market prediction is a challenging task to perform, as we know the fluctuations that take place in the market makes it versatile and hard to predict

the prices. In this research, we have explored the power of usage of hybrid

ensemble algorithms to improve the predictive accuracy in the stock market forecasting. Our research comprises construction and evaluation of diverse hybrid

models using different algorithms. The methodology presented in the paper

involves comprehensive data preparation, feature engineering, and model normalization. Evaluating the different hybrid models, one stands out distinctly: LSTM

(long short-term memory networks) + GRU (Gated recurrent units) + Conv1D

(one-dimensional convolutional layer) hybrid. It illustrated its potential to revolutionize decision-making tools for investors and financial analysts in stock market

analytics. The harmonious integration of algorithms not only underscores the

effectiveness of hybrid modeling but also beckons for further exploration within

the ever-evolving domain of predictive modeling, driven by the pursuit of precision and accuracy. This model shows a remarkable accuracy metrics including a

Mean Absolute Error (MAE) of 0.95, a Mean Squared Error (MSE) of 2.1222, a

Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) of 1.52, and a R-squared (R2) score of 0.9982.
Update on Therapeutic Approaches to Corneal Neovascularisation
Authors: Drzyzga Łukasz , Śpiewak Dorota , Wyględowska-Promieńska Dorota
Published: October 2023

A healthy cornea is a nonvascularized, transparent tissue. It is nourished by diffusion through the tear film, aqueous fluid and neurotrophins supplied by the corneal innervation. The cornea is devoid of both blood and lymphatic vessels, which makes it an immunologi-cally privileged tissue. Corneal neovascularization develops due to an imbalance between angiogenic and anti-angiogenic factors and can lead to a significant decrease in visual acui-ty. It may cause scarring, lipid keratopathy, and corneal edema. The resulting pathological vascularization of the cornea reduces its immune privilege and significantly worsens the prognosis after subsequent penetrating keratoplasty, increasing the risk of rejection of the transplanted flap. Neovascularization is favored by many disease processes, including auto-immune diseases, viral inflammations, mainly herpes and varicella-zoster, and blepharitis [1]. There are several options to treat corneal neovascularization, both pharmacological and surgical. Angiostatic treatment involves inhibiting the growth of new vessels by suppressing inflammatory responses. VEGF inhibitors, steroids, cyclosporine A, and amniotic membrane grafts secured to the cornea work this way. VEGF inhibitors are the agents with the direct and most potent angiostatic effect. Angioregressive treatment, on the other hand, results in the regression of already existing pathological vessels. This therapy is also based on VEGF inhibitors, which, however, have the most potent effect on newly formed and small vessels but are less effective in reducing large-caliber and mature vessels. A more effective method for such vessels is ablation, which involves surgical closure. The most commonly used an-gio-occlusive method is needle diathermy and argon or yellow laser therapy. In advanced corneal neovascularization, corneal transplant surgery may be necessary. It is best performed after pretreatment with anti-VEGF preparations, often continued after corneal transplanta-tion to reduce the risk of transplant rejection [2]. This paper discusses the pathogenesis of corneal neovascularization and the current and future trends in its treatment.
Study on the Influence of Environmental Factors on Water-Heat Exchange Process between Alpine Wetlands Underlying Surface and Atmosphere
Authors: Xie Yan , Wen Jun , Zhang Yuling , Chen Jinlei , Yang Xianyu
Published: October 2023

Wetlands, which is composed of soil, vegetation and water, has sufficient water supply and is sensitive to climate change. This study analyzed the coupling degree between wetlands and atmosphere, and discussed the influence of environmental factors (solar radiation and water vapor pressure deficit) on latent heat flux by using the experimental data from the Maduo Observatory of Climate and Environment of the Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resource, CAS and WRF model. The results showed, during the vegetation growthing season, the average value of Ω (decoupling factor) is 0.38 in alpine wetlands, indicating the coupling between wetlands and atmosphere is poor; Solar radiation is the main factor influencing the latent heat flux in the results of both observation data analysis and model simulation, and solar radiation and water vapor pressure deficit still have an opposite reaction to latent heat flux; when solar radiation and water vapor pressure deficit increase by 30%, the average daily amount of latent heat flux increases from 5.57 MJ·m-2 to 7.50 MJ·m-2 and decreases to 5.17 MJ·m-2, respectively. This study provides a new research approach for the study of the parameterization of latent heat flux and evapotranspiration under the context of global climate change.
Scoping Review of Clinical Evidence for the Health Benefits of Culinary Doses of Herbs and Spices for Prevention and Treatment of Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Mackonochie Marion , Rodriguez-Mateos Ana , Mills Simon , Rolfe Vivien
Published: October 2023

Metabolic syndrome is a growing global health problem. Evidence suggests that diets rich in phytochemical-containing herbs and spices can contribute to reduced risk of chronic disease. This review assesses the scope of evidence supporting the use of herbs and spices in the diet for prevention or treatment of metabolic syndrome and associated health conditions.
A search of PubMed and Scopus databases was carried out to assess the available clinical or cohort evidence for culinary doses of commonly used herbs and spices. Trials that were measuring health factors related to metabolic disorders or the health of individuals with metabolic syndrome or associated diseases were included.
Out of a total of 1742 papers identified, there were 146 relevant studies on black pepper, chilli, cardamom, cinnamon, coriander, cumin, fennel, fenugreek, garlic, ginger, Nigella seed, rosemary, sage and turmeric. No relevant research was found for cloves, mint, oregano, parsley or thyme. Cinnamon, fenugreek and ginger were the herbs/spices with the most published trials on them and showed promise for glycaemic control. Cardamom appears to have potential to reduce inflammatory markers, and cinnamon, ginger and turmeric for blood lipids. Patients with type 2 diabetes were the population most likely to be included in studies, but the preventative benefits of herbs/spices in healthy populations were also investigated, particularly for chilli, ginger and cinnamon. There is evidence for the beneficial effect of culinary doses of many common herbs/spices in the prevention and treatment of metabolic syndrome and associated disorders.
Stage frequency analysis from snowmelt runoff near Utqiagvik, Alaska
Authors: Wagner Anna , Engel Chandler , Ho David , Giovando Jeremy , Morriss Blaine , Deeb Elias
Published: October 2023

For the village of Utqiaġvik, located at the North Slope of Alaska, a stone-armored revetment along the coastline is proposed to reduce coastal erosion. The inner drainage capacity of the revetment must be sufficient to handle seasonal runoff from snowmelt. For this effort, we investigated the snowmelt runoff and the hydraulic impact at the watershed outlet using numerical snow and hydraulic modeling of the study area. We validated the snow model results by comparing simulated snow water equivalent (SWE) values to field measurements. Additionally, the snow model was validated using satellite-based Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) snow-covered area (SCA) products and time-lapse camera imagery during snowmelt. Our results indicate that the simulated SWE and snowmelt dates agree closely with measured values. The timing of modeled runoff onset was less accurate due to natural processes that delay snowmelt runoff such as snow dams and refreeze. The effect of the uncertainty from both runoff timing and volume was addressed with a Monte Carlo simulation of stage-frequency curves for the lagoons that receive snowmelt runoff. These stage-frequency curves can be used directly in the design of outlet, drainage or discharge structures for the proposed revetment.
An efficient oxidative desulfurization method of diesel fuel via iron oxide – molybdenum oxide nanocomposite catalysts on gamma alumina
Authors: khishgar maryam , MESHKAT SEYYED SALAR , safaie zohal
Published: October 2023

In the realm of fuel desulfurization, the application of nanocomposite catalysts has emerged as a promising solution to effectively eliminate sulfur compounds. This research endeavors to enhance the process of oxidative desulfurization of fuel through the development of a novel nanocomposite catalyst composed of iron-molybdenum oxide immobilized on a gamma alumina substrate. The objective is to investigate the catalytic performance of this material for efficient sulfur removal from fuel, thereby contributing to the optimization of fuel quality and reducing detrimental environmental impacts. XRD, FT-IR, SEM, and BET analyses identified the synthesized nanocomposite catalysts, which include iron-molybdenum oxide based on γ -alumina. The effect of different metal loading percentages on the base and variables affecting the process (temperature, reaction time, O/S molar ratio, and extraction solvents) have been investigated. Dimethylformamide solvent was identified as the best solvent for extracting the reaction products in this process. The best conditions obtained in this work (O/S = 6:1, 60℃, 90 min) and the synthesized catalyst with 5% by weight was identified as the most efficient catalyst, which removed 88% of sulfur compounds in the fuel.
Correlation between preoperative CT scan of the paraspinal, psoas, and gluteus muscles and postoperative ambulatory status in patients with femoral neck fractures
Authors: Suto Akihito , Fujii Kengo , Nakatani Takushi , Ogawa Kaishi , Ichihara Takumi , Li Sayori , Sato Kosuke , Miura Kousei , Funayama Toru , Yamazaki Masashi
Published: October 2023

Background
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between femoral neck fractures and sarcopenia.
Methods
This was a retrospective analysis of 92 patients with femoral neck fractures who were classified into high ambulatory status (HG) and low ambulatory status (LG) groups. Ambulatory status was assessed before surgery, one week after surgery, at discharge, and during the final follow-up. To evaluate sarcopenia, muscle mass and fatty degeneration of the gluteus medius, gluteus maximus, paraspinal, and psoas muscles were measured using preoperative CT.
Results
The mass of the gluteus medius and paraspinal muscles was significantly correlated with ambulatory status before the injury, at discharge, and during the final follow-up.
Conclusions
Measurement of the gluteus medius and paraspinal muscles has the potential to evaluate sarcopenia and predict ambulatory status after femoral neck fractures.
Gut Clostridium sporogenes-derived indole propionic acid suppresses osteoclast formation by activating pregnane X receptor
Authors: Li Feng , Peng Renpeng , Song Chao , Gou Shuangquan , Liu Haiyang , Kang Honglei , Dong Yimin , Xu Yong , Hu Peixuan , Cai Kaiyong , Feng Qian , Guan Hanfeng
Published: October 2023

Bone homeostasis is maintained by osteoclast-mediated bone resorption and osteoblast-mediated bone formation. A dramatic decrease in estrogen levels in postmenopausal women leads to osteoclast overactivation, impaired bone homeostasis, and subsequent bone loss. Changes in the gut microbiome affect bone mineral density. However, the role of the gut microbiome in estrogen deficiency-induced bone loss remains unknown. In this study, we found that the abundance of Clostridium sporogenes (C. spor.) and its derived metabolite, indole propionic acid (IPA), were decreased in ovariectomized (OVX) mice. In vitro assays suggested that IPA suppressed osteoclast differentiation and function. At the molecular level, IPA suppressed receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-Β ligand-induced pregnane X receptor (PXR) ubiquitination, leading to the degradation of PXR and release of its binding p65. In vivodaily IPA administration or repeated C. spor. colonization protected against OVX-induced bone loss. To protect live bacteria from the harsh gastric environment and delay the emptying of orally administered C. spor. from the intestine, a C. spor.-encapsulated silk fibroin (SF) hydrogel system was developed, which achieved bone protection in OVX mice comparable to that achieved with repeated germ transplantation or daily IPA administration. Overall, we found that gut C. spor.-derived IPA was involved in estrogen deficiency-induced osteoclast overactivation by regulating the PXR/p65 complex. The C. spor.-encapsulated SF hydrogel system is a promising tool for combating postmenopausal osteoporosis without the disadvantages of repeated germ transplantation.
Investigating the effectiveness of resilience-based training on increasing marital compatibility and quality of life and reducing marital dissatisfaction among couples seeking divorce
Authors: Rajabi Fara , Zeinali Maryam , Oraki Mohammad
Published: October 2023

The overall aim of this study was to "investigating the effectiveness of resilience-based training on increasing marital compatibility and quality of life and reducing marital dissatisfaction among couples seeking divorce". This study can be categorized as applied research. This research was a quasi experimental study with a pretest-posttest design with experimental and control groups. The statistical population studied consisted of all couples seeking divorce in Tehran who had been referred to family law offices and judicial complexes. Thirty people were selected by voluntary sampling and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. Training on resilience took place weekly for 10 sessions, with each session lasting one hour, while control groups did not receive the Resilience Training Package (Krager, 2006) [1], while the control group received no intervention. The data collection tools were the Spanier Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS), World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF), and Couple Burnout Measure (CBM). To calculate the reliability of the questionnaire items, Cronbach's alpha was used to determine the reliability of individual components and all the questions of the Spanier's marital compatibility, quality of life, and marital dissatisfaction questionnaires. The reliability coefficient for the entire marital compatibility questionnaire was 91%, quality of life was 89%, and marital dissatisfaction was 87%. Data were analyzed using SPSS software and single-variable covariance analysis. The findings showed that resilience training led to an increase in marital compatibility and quality of life and a reduction in marital dissatisfaction among couples seeking divorce.
Optimizing population managements for machine-harvested and drip-irrigated cotton
Authors: Wang Xuejiao , Ji Chunrong , Chen Yongfan , Sun Shuai , Zhang Zeshan , Zhang Yutong , Wang Sen , Yang Mingfeng , Ji Fen , Guo Yanyun , Zhang Lizhen
Published: October 2023

Improving crop yield, quality and water use are crucial in dealing with climate change and water scarcity in arid regions. With the advent of wholly mechanized technology for cotton planting in Xinjiang, it is important to determine the mode with optimizing row configuration, plant density and topping. This study aims to explore the effects of two plant densities, chemical topping vs manual topping under two different common row configurations, i.e. 76 cm equal rows and 10+66 cm narrow-wide rows, which are used for matching harvest machine. The cotton growth, yield, fiber quality and transpiration,were investigated. Experiments were carried out in Xinjiang China, in 2020 and 2021. Seed yield was high in 10 plants m-2 for equal rows and 15 plants m-2for narrow-wide rows. Chemical topping increased fiber length by 2.1% comparing to the traditional manual. Micronaire was 9.6% higher in equal rows than in narrow-wide rows. Under equal row spacing, the WUE in 18 plants m-2 and was 62.4% higher than in 10 plants m-2. Under narrow-wide row spacing, the WUE in 15 plants m-2 was 53.3% higher than in 25 plants m-2. For machine-harvest cotton in Xinjiang, the optimal managements for both high yield and water saving could be 15 plants m-2, narrow-wide rows and applying chemical topping.The results provide a useful approach for optimizing cotton managements and water use.