bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Observational, Real World Study of Osimertinib for Patients with Locally advanced/Metastatic T790M Mutation-Positive An observational, retrospective study conducted among locally advanced or metastatic T790M mutation-positive NSCLC patients progressed afte v1
Authors: Cao Yabing
Published: May 2019

EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) can significantly improve objective response rate (ORR) and prolong progression free survival (PFS) in EGFR mutated locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC patients compared to platinum-based chemotherapy, with less adverse events and higher quality of life (QoL).Osimertinib is an oral, potent, irreversible third-generation EGFR TKI that is selective for EGFR TKI sensitizing mutation and the T790M resistance mutation. Two phase 2 studies(AURA extension, AURA2)have demonstrated encouraging efficacy and tolerable toxicity.However, local data reflecting testing status including testing platform, sample tested, and turnaround time in China is still lacking. The current study will not only assess the effectiveness of osimertinib treatment in a real world setting, but will also help us to understand the real-world testing patterns among T790M mutation positive locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC patients who have progressed after EGFR TKI treatment. Objectives and Hypotheses: The objective of this study is to assess osimertinib effectiveness among locally advanced or metastatic T790M mutation positive NSCLC patients who have progressed after EGFR TKI therapy. The specific study objectives that will be assessed include the following: Primary Objective § To assess the real world effectiveness of osimertinib treatment in locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC patients with a EGFR T790M mutation in terms of response rate (RR) Secondary Objectives § To assess the real world effectiveness of osimertinib treatment in locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC patients with a EGFR T790M mutation in terms of progression free survival (PFS) § To describe the pattern of T790M mutation testing, including turnaround time, sample type, testing techniques, EGFR subtype, T790M mutation abundance if tested quantitatively. § To assess the real world safety profile of osimertinib § To describe the treatment pattern including treatment lines and combination therapy (radiotherapy, surgery, etc.) in a real world setting
Fixing Cells with Paraformaldehyde (PFA) v1
Authors: of Medicine Flow Cytometry Facility Faculty , U. of Toronto not provided
Published: May 2019

References: Becton Dickinson Immunocytometry Systems Source Book (1989) 2.10 Lanier, L.L., and Warner, N.L. (1981) Paraformaldehyde Fixation of Hematopoietic Cells for Quantitative Flow Cytometry (FACS) Analysis. Journal of Immunological Methods 47, 25 C.A. Williams, M.W. Chase, Stabilizes cell membranes and preserves cell morphology. Methods Immunol. Immunochem. New York 5, (1976)
U Mass - Basal glucose metabolism v1
Authors: Kim Jason
Published: May 2019

Summary: Whole body glucose turnover and hepatic glucose production rates are measured at basal state using an intravenous infusion of labeled glucose in awake mice. Whole body glucose turnover and hepatic glucose production regulate basal glucose levels and are altered in obesity.
CUT&RUN: Targeted in situ genome-wide profiling with high efficiency for low cell numbers v3
Authors: Janssens Derek
Published: May 2019

We previously described a novel alternative to Chromatin Immunoprecipitation, Cleavage Under Targets & Release Using Nuclease (CUT&RUN), in which unfixed permeabilized cells are incubated with antibody, followed by binding of a Protein A-Micrococcal Nuclease (pA/MNase) fusion protein. Upon activation of tethered MNase, the bound complex is excised and released into the supernatant for DNA extraction and sequencing. In the manuscript attached to this version of the protocol, Meers et al. introduce four enhancements to CUT&RUN: 1) a hybrid Protein A-Protein G-MNase construct that expands antibody compatibility; 2) a modified digestion protocol that prevents premature release of the nuclease-bound complex; 3) a calibration strategy based on carry-over of E. coli DNA introduced with the fusion protein; and 4) a novel peak-calling strategy customized for the low-background profiles obtained using CUT&RUN. Here we provide an updated CUT&RUN protocol that incorporates these enhancements, and provides three different options for the CUT&RUN MNase digestion reaction that are helpful to improve data quality or to increase throughput. These new features, coupled with the previously described low-cost, high efficiency, high reproducibility and high-throughput capability of CUT&RUN make it the method of choice for routine epigenomic profiling.
ENRICHMENT OF WHEAT BY ZINC FERTILIZER, MYCORRHIZA AND PREHARVEST DROUGHT STRESS
Authors: FARAHBAKHSH Hassan , KHASSE SIRJANI Abbas
Published: May 2019

A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of Zn and mycorrhiza on enrichment possibility of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under preharvest drought stress condition. The treatments included irrigation (A1: normal irrigation, A2: preharvest drought stress) as the main plots and the combinations of zinc (Zn1: 0 kg ha-1 and Zn2: 2 kg ha-1) and mycorrhiza (Mc1: 0 kg ha-1 and Mc2: 200 kg ha-1) as the subplots. The results indicated that grain phosphorus, grain phytic acid, phytic acid to zinc ratio, grain yield and grain filling period decreased under drought stress condition. A significant reduction was observed in grain phosphorus, grain phytic acid, phytic acid (Phy) to zinc ratio and grain filling rate with application of Zn (2 kg ha-1). Grain zinc, protein, yield and final grain weight were higher at 200 kg ha-1 mycorrhiza than the control (0 kg ha-1). Finally, considering drought crisis in some developing countries, the treatment of preharvest drought stress with Zn (2 kg ha-1) saved 450 m3ha-1 of water, produced the second highest grain yield, the highest protein content and the lowest phytic acid and Phy/Zn ratio. Therefore, this treatment can be recommended as a suitable and practical approach to improve wheat grain yield and quality.
TURF AND PLAYING QUALITY TRAITS OF SOME NEW TURFGRASS ALTERNATIVES IN A MEDITERRANEAN ENVIRONMENT
Authors: KIR Behcet , AVCIOGLU Riza , SALMAN Ali , OZKAN Sukru Sezgi
Published: May 2019

In an attempt to investigate the turfgrass and playing quality characteristics of some newly introduced warm season turf grasses and traditional cool season sports turf mixture, classical and contemporary techniques were imposed on the turfgrass experimental plots of the research area of Department of Field Crops, Agriculture Faculty of Ege University, Bornova/Izmir/Turkey. Some warm season turfgrasses (Cynodon dactylon cv. SR9554, Cynodon dactylon x Cynodon transvaalensis cv. Tifway-419, Paspalum vaginatum cv. Sea Spray and Zoysia japonica cv. Zenith) and traditional cool season sports turf mixture were tested in terms of visual turf quality and playing quality traits (ball rebound, ball roll and shock absorption) on a monthly and seasonal bases for three years under Mediterranean environmental conditions. Significant variations were determined among the turfgrass alternatives in all traits except years. It was concluded that Tifway-419 and Sea Spray turf grasses were the most successful and promising alternatives compared to the other options under Mediterranean environmental conditions.
Przepływy graniczne niżówek w rzekach Lubelszczyzny
Authors: Raczyński Krzysztof
Published: May 2019

Najczęściej stosowaną metodą identyfikacji okresów niżówkowych jest metoda przepływów granicznych (TLM), w której za niżówkę uważa się okres, w którym przepływy opadają poniżej wartości przyjętego przepływu granicznego. W literaturze istnieją różne sposoby określania wartości tego parametru, jednakże ze względu na ich ilość, wybór odpowiedniego kryterium, nadal pozostaje kwestią subiektywną badacza. W niniejszej pracy zestawiono oraz poddano analizie najczęściej przyjmowane metody określania przepływu granicznego, a także podjęto próbę wskazania zalet i wad ich stosowania. Analizę przeprowadzono dla okresu hydrologicznego 1976 – 2013 w 17 przekrojach wodowskazowych położonych na obszarze Lubelszczyzny. Uzyskane wyniki wskazują na wysoką odporność na zmiany wartości, ze względu na długość ciągów pomiarowych, przepływów granicznych określonych metodami Q90 oraz Q87,5 odczytanych z krzywej czasu przewyższenia przepływu. Najniższe wartości poziomu granicznego wykazały, zbliżone do siebie, metoda SNQ oraz zmodyfikowana metoda Niesułowskiego. Z kolei najwyższe wartości przepływu granicznego uzyskano przy zastosowaniu metod WNQ oraz Q70 co prowadziło do występowania długich niżówek nawet pięciokrotnie w ciągu roku. Ze względu na odmienne warunku hydrogeologiczne kryterium genetyczne nie było możliwe do zastosowania na rzekach położonych w obszarze nizinnym. Spośród analizowanych metod, do identyfikacji niżówek płytkich zaleca się stosowanie przepływu granicznego Q90, a w przypadku niżówek głębokich wartość SNQ.
Stan wiedzy studentów pierwszego roku geografii UMCS i UW z zakresu meteorologii i klimatologii
Authors: Krząstek Paweł , Flis Ewelina
Published: May 2019

The aim of the study was to compare meteorological and climatological knowledge among first year students of Geography at two universities: UMCS in Lublin and Warsaw University in Warsaw. Due to the curriculum changes in secondary schools, as well as different conditions of recruiting candidates, the level of knowledge of students in the coming years, as well as in various colleges and universities, may be different. Identic surveys were conducted twice among first year students of first level full-time studies: in late November and December 2014 and in the second half of May 2015, what allowed knowledge changes evaluation at the beginning of the study and after the first year of studying geography.

The problem was a matter of self-assessment of knowledge by the respondents, as many of them are not able to correctly identify her. It was found that there was a marginal increase in the level of knowledge of students of Warsaw University and the University of Maria Curie-Sklodowska
Utwory zastoiskowe doliny Iny między Witkowem a Tychowem koło Stargardu Szczecińskiego
Authors: Seul Cyprian , Bednarek Roman
Published: May 2019

Dolina Iny w między Suchaniem a Stargardem Szczecińskim została utworzona w czasie wytapiania się lądolodu z fazy pomorskiej zlodowacenia bałtyckiego. Powstała w miejscu rynny glacjalnej, która utworzyła się w miejscu kopalnych dolin rzecznych.

Podczas uzupełniających badań geologicznych związanych z projektem nitki gazociągu Świnoujście – Lwówek Wielkopolski wykonano 20 otworów badawczych w odległościach od 50 do 100m w przekroju poprzecznym przez całą dolinę Iny. Głębokość otworów sięgała od 6 m w strefie krawędziowej do głębokości ponad 30 m w części środkowej doliny. Pozwoliło to na wykonanie dokładnego przekroju poprzecznego przez dolinę.

W związku z tym, że w środkowej części doliny natrafiono na znaczną miąższość osadów organicznych i zastoiskowych glin pylastych wykonano sondowanie CPTU oraz pobrano próbki osadów organicznych oraz pylastych zalegających poniżej. Dla pobranych osadów wykonano standardowe badania geotechniczne a dodatkowo dla wybranych 2 próbek określono wiek TL.

Wyniki badań potwierdzają istnienie zbiornika sedymentacyjnego wypełniającego dolinę w późnym plejstocenie (gliny pylaste), w którym spokojną sedymentację przerywały zmienne warunki sedymentacyjne. W holocenie osadzały się gytie, namuły a w stropie torfy). Zbiornik stanowiący dolinę Iny wypełniany osadami mineralnymi istniał w czasie funkcjonowania „Zastoiska Pyrzyckiego”.
Naród jako fenomen właściwy Europie
Authors: Hroch Miroslav
Published: May 2019

W artykule przedstawiono dwie tezy, które nie zostały dotąd w nauce sformułowane: 1) europejskie narody nie powstały jako produkt „nacjonalizmu”, lecz są następstwem występującego w Europie – jako zjawisko towarzyszące modernizacji – asynchronicznego, głębokiego kryzysu tożsamości, w toku którego poddano w wątpliwość stare zależności i systemy wartości. Nowe protoobywatelskie społeczeństwo (mówiąc dokładnie: jego protagoniści) ukształtowało się następnie jako „naród”, przy czym pojęcie „naród” istniało już od wczesnych czasów nowożytnych i miało pozytywne konotacje, 2) administracja i jednostki władzy, które w obecnym świecie określa się po angielsku jako nations, są produktem fenomenu zwanego nationalism i nie należą do tej samej kategorii, co noszące to samo miano wspólnoty w Europie. Niejasne i wieloznaczne pojęcie nationalism  jest mylnie stosowane jako instrument przyczynowej analizy procesów powstawania europejskich narodów. Prowadzi to do deformacji obrazu europejskiej historii oraz do nieproduktywnych i wiodących na bezdroża dyskusji o charakterze i sensie fenomenu o nazwie nationalism. Przy badaniu zjawiska narodów w Europie konieczne jest sprawdzanie pochodzenia pojęć i możliwych obszarów ich stosowania.
Transhumanizm
Authors: Szymański Kamil
Published: May 2019

W artykule przedstawiam ogólne założenia filozofii transhumanistycznej, która powstała pod koniec XX wieku za sprawą Maxa More`a. Nurt ten jest w znany w Polsce jedynie w niewielkim stopniu. Postuluje się w nim wykorzystanie zaawansowanej biotechnologii w modyfikowaniu dalszej ewolucji ludzkiego gatunku. Skutkiem tego procesu ma być pojawienie się postczłowieka oraz posthumanistycznego świata. W artykule przedstawiam, kim - zdaniem transhumanistów - będzie postczłowiek, oraz jakie zmiany muszą nastąpić, by mógł on się pojawić. Wskazuję też szkicowo utopijny charakter tej koncepcji.
Próba typologii myśli katastroficznej
Authors: Gawor Leszek
Published: May 2019

Na wstępie omówione jest pojęcie katastrofizmu jako czystej formy historiozoficznego pesymizmu finistycznego oraz jego relacja do idei kryzysu. Następnie wprowadzone są rozróżnienia w obrębie katastrofizmu pod względem zasięgu katastrofy (totalny bądź partykularny wymiar) oraz charakteru jej przebiegu (w sposób nieuchronny i nieodwracalny bądź jedynie hipotetyczny, alternatywny). Zestawienie tych dwóch ujęć katastrofizmu owocuje 4 wariantami myśli katastroficznej: 1. konsekwentnego katastrofizmu totalnego; 2. konsekwentnego katastrofizmu partykularnego; 3. alternatywnego katastrofizmu totalnego i 4. alternatywnego katastrofizmu partykularnego. Modele te są wykorzystane do sformułowania ogólnego określenia „katastrofizmu”.
Wykonalność ugody mediacyjnej w sprawach karnych w kontekście idei sprawiedliwości naprawczej
Authors: Pawlak Barbara Jadwiga
Published: May 2019

The European Union is committed to protect and establish minimum standards with regard to victims of crime. Directive 2012/29/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 25 October 2012 establishing minimum standards on the rights, support and protection of victims of crime. The Directive builds upon the key principle of the ‘role of the victim in the relevant criminal justice system’, so that any victim can rely on the same basic level of rights, regardless of their nationality and country in the EU in which the crime took place. The core objective of this Directive is to assume an individual approach to victims’ needs and to offer protection for victims of certain crimes, in particular, due to the risk of secondary victimisation. In this text, I am going to concentrate on the problem of enforcement of settlements reached in the presence of a mediator and to show samples of the results from qualitative and quantitative studies conducted in Łódź. The research aim is to show that the idea of restorative justice, in the light of the victim’s right to remedy of damage, when the settlement reached in the presence of a mediator is not performed, is fiction because it is only the perpetrator who benefits from the beneficial procedural effects of the settlement while the victim may be subject to secondary victimisation. I’d like to show a few important facts that should be taken into consideration when referring a case to mediation and when conducting a restorative justice process and current practice it in Poland.
Vadece, un modelo para la gestion de marketing, para potenciar el turismo rural y comunitario
Authors: Guillén Samuel
Published: May 2019

El Turismo ha dejado de ser una quimera a nivel mundial, y se ha convertido en una de las principales fuentes de ingreso en los países, especialmente en los de vías de desarrollo, creando diferentes tipologías de productos turísticos, entre ellos está El Turismo Rural y Comunitario, que es propio de las zonas rurales y de bajo nivel de desarrollo socioeconómico de un país, y que su consolidación se debe al esfuerzo de sus habitantes, quienes al verse generalmente rodeado de recursos turísticos y en su afán de generar ingresos, adicionales a sus actividades comerciales cotidianas, desarrollan estrategias empíricas, para atraer una demanda turística, por lo que con un modelo adecuado de gestión de Marketing orientado al Turismo Rural y Comunitario, que fusione los 4 ejes del turismo Comunitario ( Social, Económico, Ambiental y Cultural) con un adecuado diseño de Oferta Turística y procesos administrativos, operacionales y de promoción, se potenciará la demanda turística de forma sostenible y sustentable.
El uso del neuromarketing y del marketing sensorial en los eventos: un estudio de caso
Authors: Guerra Serrano Alberto , Gomes-Franco e Silva Flávia
Published: May 2019

A partir de las últimas décadas del pasado siglo se han implementado diversas técnicas de marketing derivadas de estudios realizados en diferentes áreas del conocimiento, como la psicología o la neurociencia. Se identifica, a raíz de dichas investigaciones, una serie de elementos que condicionan la toma de decisiones de los consumidores sin que estos sean conscientes de que están bajo la influencia de factores externos que les motivan a optar por una marca en detrimento de otras. El presente estudio propone un acercamiento a la utilización de técnicas de neuromarketing y marketing sensorial en un evento de carácter promocional realizado por la empresa japonesa de fabricación de automóviles Suzuki en el mes de noviembre de 2015, en el municipio de Boadilla del Monte (Madrid, España). Se realiza un estudio de caso mediante la técnica de la observación directa y, de manera complementaria, se aplica una encuesta breve a algunos de los invitados al evento a modo de feedback. Los resultados del análisis apuntan a un efecto potenciador de la experiencia vivida en el evento debido al empleo de técnicas que pretenden estimular los sentidos y actuar de manera positiva en el recuerdo de la marca. El estudio incide en la importancia de ahondar en las investigaciones acerca del uso de las diferentes técnicas de neuromarketing y marketing sensorial en los eventos, objeto escasamente analizado en el ámbito académico.
Reflexiones sobre el turismo en el ámbito académico español
Authors: Cardona José Ramón
Published: May 2019

España es el tercer país del mundo en llegada de turistas y el segundo en ingresos, siendo en 2015 líder mundial en competitividad turística. El objetivo de este trabajo es revisar bases de datos, realizar comparaciones y determinar posibles líderes en diversos parámetros, con la finalidad de reflexionar sobre la situación del turismo en el ámbito académico español y proponer mejoras. En lo referente a producción científica, las revistas de turismo españolas aun no están evaluadas en el JCR y sólo Cuadernos de Turismo está presente en Scopus. Al analizar las revistas de turismo indexadas en Scopus se observa que la universidad española con más publicaciones, Universidad de las Islas Baleares (94 artículos en el periodo 2006-2015), está muy alejada de Hong Kong Polytechnic University (907 artículos en el periodo 2006-2015), líder mundial en publicaciones. La situación de España en el ámbito académico no es tan buena como en el ámbito económico. Como medidas de mejora se propone: crear un área oficial de “Turismo y Hospitalidad”; recuperar el catálogo oficial de titulaciones; planificar los centros y plazas docentes; potenciar las revistas españolas; fomentar la creación de departamentos o institutos de investigación, y potenciar la publicación de trabajos innovadores en las revistas de turismo.
Community awareness on dengue and practices of mosquito bite prevention in urban residents of a central Indian city, Sagar, Madhya Pradesh
Authors: Guleri Sunil K. , Mahore Rakesh K. , Panika Ram K. , Rohit Bhupendra K.
Published: May 2019

Background: Dengue is an arboviral, mosquito borne illness caused by bite of infected aedes mosquitoes which breed commonly on household water containers like cooler tank, fridge trays and flower pots. Though dengue is non fatal illness but it may lead to deaths from dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome. The objective of the study was to assess the community awareness regarding dengue and practices primarily being used as personal protection measures against mosquito bites and abolition of household breeding sites of mosquitoes.Methods: A cross sectional observational study done in 5 randomly selected wards of the municipal corporation Sagar. 400 households were studied, selecting 80 houses from each ward randomly. Pretested structured questionnaire was used for interview with the head of family/adult member of the family. The data collected was analysed using SPSS software and chi square test was applied as test of significance.Results: The households studied were mostly (28.2%) of lower middle class (modified B G Prasad scale). the dengue awareness in the community was fair (44.25%) and satisfactory (46.25) in Likert scale. Awareness regarding household breeding sites of mosquitoes was absolute (100%) but the use of personal protective measures was partial (50%).Conclusions: The knowledge and awareness to stop the mosquito breeding, biting should be enhanced and should be turned into action.
FRANSIZ EPİDEMİYOLOG ANTOINE FAUVEL’YE GÖRE 1849’DA KARADENİZ KARANTİNALARI
Authors: YALÇINKAYA Mehmet Alaaddin
Published: May 2019

Osmanlı ülkesinde karantina uygulaması ilk olarak 1831’de İstanbul’da

başlamış ve başkentte kamu sağlığını korumaya yönelik kurumsallaşma

sağlandıktan sonra Anadolu’da pek çok yerde karantina idareleri tesis

edilmişti. Ancak bu kurumlar veba ve kolera görülmediği zamanlarda kapatılmış

ve sadece sahil karantina idareleri çalışır halde tutularak diğerleri

lağvedilmişti. Fakat bu sahil karantinalarının işleyişinde de pek çok eksiklik

vardı. 1838’de tesis edilen Meclis-i Tahaffuz’un en önemli görevi bu karantina

birimlerinin işleyişini takip etmekti. Bu bağlamda Şubat 1848’den itibaren

Meclis-i Tahaffuz’un Fransa delegesi olan Antoine Fauvel’nin Temmuz 1849’da

Osmanlı sınırları içindeki karantinaları denetlemekle görevli olan Avusturya

Sağlık Komisyonu ile Karadeniz’deki karantinaların teftişi sonrasında

hazırladığı rapor bu eksiklikleri göstermesi açısından önemli bilgiler

vermektedir. Fauvel İstanbul’un sıhhi güvenliği için çok önemli olan Sinop,

Samsun, Trabzon ve Batum karantinaları üzerinden Osmanlı karantina birimlerinin

durumuna ve işleyişine ışık tutmaktadır.
II. MEŞRUTİYET DÖNEMİNDE TRABZON’DA DERNEK FAALİYETLERİ
Authors: KÖKSAL Ülkü
Published: May 2019

Osmanlı Devleti’nde dernekleşme faaliyetleri Tanzimat dönemi ile

başlayan değişim ve dönüşüme paralel olarak ortaya çıktı. II. Meşrutiyet’in

ilanı sonrasında sosyal ve kültürel açıdan oldukça hareketli bir dönemin

yaşandığı Trabzon vilayetinde çeşitli dernekler kuruldu. İttihat ve Terakki

Cemiyetinin etkin olduğu bu süreçte sosyal ve kültürel amaçlı kulüplerden

mesleki örgütlenmelere, yardım cemiyetlerinden spor kulüplerine kadar

çeşitlilik arz eden bu derneklerin bir kısmı İstanbul merkezli cemiyetlerin

şubeleri olarak faaliyet gösterirken bir kısmı da müstakil şekilde kuruldu.

Balkan Savaşları ve I. Dünya Savaşı yıllarında topladıkları bağışlarla genel

merkeze destekte bulunan yardım dernekleri en ücra kaza ve nahiyelerde de

teşkilatlanarak halkın desteğine başvurdu. Sosyal ve kültürel amaçlı dernekler

bu alanda canlılık ve hareket katan örgütlenmelerdi. Derneklerin bir kısmı ise

belirli meslek gruplarına yönelik olup mesleki dayanışmayı hedefledi. Bu

çalışmada II. Meşrutiyet döneminde Trabzon’da kurulan derneklerin teşkilatlanma

ve faaliyetlerine yer verildi.
TRABZON MERKEZ VE İLÇELERİNDEKİ ÖNEMLİ TARİHİ YAPILAR
Authors: ÖZTÜRK Şifa
Published: May 2019

“Trabzon Merkez ve İlçelerindeki Önemli
Tarihi Yapılar”
adlı kitap Prof. Dr. Haşim Karpuz tarafından kaleme alınmıştır. Trabzon
tarihiyle ilgili olan bu kıymetli eserin yazarı Prof. Dr. Haşim Karpuz, Konya
Karatay Üniversitesi, Sanat Tarihi Bölümü öğretim üyelerindendir. Yazar, söz
konusu eserinden başka Trabzon’un sosyal ve kültürel tarihiyle ilgili pek çok
kıymetli çalışmayı bilim dünyasına kazandırmıştır. Tanıtacağımız
eser; Önsöz, Sunuş, Giriş ve 4 bölümden oluşmaktadır. Ayrıca, kitabın sonunda
Mustafa Reşat Sümerkan’ın “Trabzon’da
Kırsal Mimarlık” adlı çalışmasına yer verilmiştir. Okuyucunun ve
araştırmacıların yararlanmasını kolaylaştıracak
bir dizinle birlikte eser tamamlanmıştır.
Penerapan Media Boneka Tangan dalam Keterampilan Berbicara Siswa Kelas IIIB MI At-Thayyibah
Authors: Khairunnisa Khairunnisa , Aryanti Dina
Published: May 2019

Pembahasan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana penerapan media boneka tangan dan pengaruhnya terhadap keterampilan berbicara pada mata pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia siswa kelas III B di MI At-Thayyibah Kecamatan Gambut. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode pra-experimen. Subjeknya adalah semua siswa kelas IIIB berjumlah 22 orang. Peneliti menemukan bahwa: 1) Penerapan media boneka tangan pada mata pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia terlaksana dengan baik, terlihat dari perencanaan, aktiviatas siswa dan guru, serta respon siswa terhadap media yang ditunjukkan oleh perhatian, antusias, semangat, keaktifan, memahami materi, kerjasama kelompok. Siswa memperoleh pengalaman baru dalam meningkatkan keterampilan berbicara melalui kegiatan bercerita. 2) Terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan penerapan media boneka tangan terhadap keterampilan berbicara siswa pada mata pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia di MI At-Thayyibah Kecamatan Gambut.
La regulación fiscal de los licores destilados en Colombia frente a los compromisos internacionales de no discriminación: Ley 1819 de 2016
Authors: Frasser Arrieta María Cecilia
Published: May 2019

El presente escrito analiza la regulación tributaria en Colombia en relación con el impuesto al consumo de licores, vinos y aperitivos, a la luz de los compromisos adquiridos por dicho país, para determinar los alcances y límites del cumplimiento de los mismos. El artículo da cuenta de la posible doble tributación que se podría generar por la imposición tanto territorial, como nacional sobre los licores, para posteriormente analizar el cumplimiento de los tratados internacionales de no discriminación en el marco de la Ley 1819 de 2016.
Does Adding Transdermal Nitroglycerine to Other Therapies Used for Management of Left-sided Congestive Heart Failure in Dogs Speed the Resolution of Clinical Signs?
Authors: Stillion Jenefer R , Boysen Søren R
Published: May 2019

There is an erratum to this paper published in Veterinary Evidence Vol 3, Issue 1 (2018): http://dx.doi.org/10.18849/ve.v3i1.168

Clinical bottom line

There is very weak veterinary clinical and experimental evidence based upon a limited number of studies to indicate that adding transdermal nitroglycerine to other therapies used for management of left-sided congestive heart failure in dogs speeds the resolution of clinical signs.

 

  
Evaluating Leadership Competency in DNP Clinical Practice
Authors: Nordick Christina L.
Published: May 2019

Background

Evaluating the growth of leadership competencies of Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) students in academic and organizational settings has been a challenge.

Objective

The purpose of developing a method of evaluating DNP student leadership focused on a strategy to assess DNP student growth in the areas associated with leadership and change.

Methods

Competencies of leadership that were evidenced based and effective in healthcare environments were employed as a basis for the leadership narrative. The resulting tool served both as structure for the student's development and as a method of instruction and evaluation in the academic setting.

Results

Using a descriptive and experiential leadership narrative as one method of evaluation is an effective strategy for fostering DNP student leadership development in both the direct patient and system-focused settings. Moreover, the leadership narrative is easily generalizable and transferable in environments where growth in leadership and competency development is valued.

Conclusions

The process of developing leadership narratives is a transformational experience for the doctoral student and future nursing leader.

Implications for Nursing

Easily incorporated into the DNP practicum structure and beyond, the leadership narrative is an effective method for formative and summative evaluation of DNP student leadership development. Moreover, consistent with the accrediting body for DNP education, the leadership narrative can be used as one method of demonstrating program effectiveness.
Effectiveness of Diabetes Self-Management Education in Community Health
Authors: Brown Keila , Lee Loretta T. , Selleck Cynthia
Published: May 2019

Background

Diabetes self-management education (DSME) programs utilize a multidisciplinary, skills-based approach allowing participants to make self-management choices and follow a comprehensive plan of care, improving their glycemic control.

Objective

The purpose of this quality improvement project was to evaluate the effectiveness of DSME on the reduction of hemoglobin A1c (HgbA1c) and body mass index (BMI) in overweight/obese community health center patients.

Methods

The free program met 2 hours weekly for 6 consecutive weeks. A retrospective chart review was conducted to compare baseline to post-session HgbA1c and BMI 12 weeks after completion of the program. Pre- and post-session surveys were also conducted to assess improved diabetes knowledge and confidence.

Results

Mean HgbA1c decreased by 1.6% (p = .003) 12 weeks after completion of the program; however, BMI remained unchanged (p = .582). Diabetes knowledge and confidence also improved significantly following DSME (p = .000 and p = .001, respectively).

Conclusions

The study demonstrated that a reduction in HgbA1c levels and an increase in diabetes knowledge and confidence can occur in low income, community health center patients following participation in DSME.

Implications for Nursing

Community health center patients who have access to free DSME can improve their health, self-efficacy, and diabetes self-management practices.
Analysis of Factors Influencing the Usage of Seasonal Forecast in Drought Prone Area
Authors: Kuswanto Heri
Published: May 2019

This research aims to investigate the factors influencing the households in East Nusa Tenggara (NTT) Indonesia to use seasonal forecast issued by the Meteorological Office (BMKG) Indonesia. NTT is a highly vulnerable region to drought, and hence, understanding the weather and climate condition is a crucial issue. Household survey was conducted to interview 300 households in NTT asking about their intention to utilize the forecast information in supporting their livelihood. Furthermore, this research investigates whether the households characteristics influencing the intention. Using the Classification and Regression Tree (CART), we found that the intention to use forecast is dominantly influenced by age of the household head, ownership of household assets, main source of income, crop and livestock activities and water source for livestock.
Impacts of Ebola on Supply Chains in MRB Countries
Authors: Sumo Peter Davis
Published: May 2019

The purpose of this paper is to present a science-based narrative of the impact of the Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) on the supply chains of the major commodities of Liberia. Scientific literatures from appropriate journals, newspapers, trade data of applicable ministries and governmental agencies, data on Ebola from websites of World Health Organization (WHO), Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO), Center for Disease and Control and Prevention (CDC), World Bank, the International Monetary Funds (IMF) and other relevant institutions are used extensively while also employing a market chain approach to represent the overall supply chains of these products. The review reveals, among others, the significant disruption to the flow of goods and the decrease in output of the main export commodities of Liberia. It also shows a fall in the real GDP growth rate of the Mano River Basin (MRB) countries during the Ebola years. The paper identifies that the specific mechanisms through which the supply chains were disrupted were as a result of fear and government’s regulation. Additionally, it provides a practical conduit for the diversification of the rubber industry. Given the complex web of supply chains of just a single product, this effort is in no way an exhaustive review on the impact of the EVD on supply chains of commodities dealt with herein, let alone the overall impact of EVD on the country as a whole. Obviously, this review is also limited in terms of scope and extent. This review is a useful introduction to investigators who might want to commit to research in this particular aspect of the impact of the EVD vis-a-vis its impact on supply chains in Liberia or on a broader level, the MRB Countries.
Best Practices of Assisted History Matching Using Design of Experiments
Authors: Li Boxiao , Bhark Eric W. , Gross (ret.) Stephen , Billiter Travis C. , Dehghani Kaveh
Published: May 2019

Assisted history matching (AHM) using design of experiments (DOE) is one of the most commonly applied history-matching techniques in the oil and gas industry. When applied properly, this stochastic method finds a representative ensemble of history-matched reservoir models for probabilistic uncertainty analysis of production forecasts. Although DOE-based AHM is straightforward in concept, it can be misused in practice because the work flow involves many statistical and modeling principles that should be followed rigorously.

In this paper, the entire DOE-based AHM work flow is demonstrated in a coherent and comprehensive case study that is divided into seven key stages: problem framing, sensitivity analysis, proxy building, Monte Carlo simulation, history-match filtering, production forecasting, and representative model selection. The best practices of each stage are summarized to help reservoir-management engineers understand and apply this powerful work flow for reliable history matching and probabilistic production forecasting.

One major difficulty in any history-matching method is to define the history-match tolerance, which reflects the engineer's comfort level of calling a reservoir model “history matched” even though the difference between simulated and observed production data is not zero. It is a compromise to the intrinsic and unavoidable imperfectness of reservoir-model construction, data measurement, and proxy creation. A practical procedure is provided to help engineers define the history-match tolerance considering the model, data-measurement, and proxy errors.
Effectiveness of A Package of Folate-oriented Tertiary Interventions on Incidence of Fetus and Birth Defects: protocol for a single blind cluster randomized controlled trial
Authors: Zhang Yi , Li Mengru , Chen Xiaotian , Wang Dingmei , Ji Mi , Jiang Yuan , Dou Yalan , Ma Xiaojing , Sheng Wei , Huang Guoying , Yan Weili
Published: May 2019

Background: Birth defects are the main cause of fetal death, infant mortality and morbidity, as well as long-term disability in China. Though the etiology of birth defects remains unknown, many studies indicated that maternal key nutrition factors, especially maternal folate status during periconception period, played an important role in organogenesis, the incidence of neural tube defects, congenital heart diseases and some other birth defects. The aim of this trial is to evaluate the effectiveness of package of folate-oriented interventions during periconception on incidence reduction of fetus and birth defects.
Methods: This is a two-arm single-blind cluster randomized controlled trial (cRCT) in clinical settings. Twenty-two tertiary community health care centers will be randomly allocated to the intervention arm or control arm. Eligible women will be recruited before conception and receive folate-oriented tertiary intervention procedures in addition to the routine perinatal care (intervention arm), or only routine perinatal care (control arm) according to the national recommendation and guideline. The difference was the procedures to aware and ensure sufficient folate levels before conception in the intervention arm. The participants will be blinded to the allocation. Participants of the control arm will not be offered any information about the intervention procedures during the study period to prevent contamination. The composite primary outcome is defined as occurrence of fetus defects, still birth, and neonatal birth defects identified from the confirmation of pregnancy to 28 days after birth. Secondary outcomes include abortions, financial burden of fetus and birth defects, gestational diabetes, gestational hypertension, pregnancy weight gain (entire and early gestation), maternal body weight and HbA1c at and after 6 months of delivery and neonatal development.
Discussion: This trial will provide important evidence on the effectiveness of a package of folate-oriented tertiary interventions on the reduction of the incidence of fetus and birth defects compared to routine periconceptional and antenatal health care. This evidence is expected to impact policy making about improving primary prevention of birth defects in China.
Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03725878，Registered on 24 October 2018, https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03725878?term=Huang+guoying&rank=2
Clinical diagnostic application of metagenomic next-generation sequencing in children with severe pneumonia
Authors: Wang Heping , Lu Zhiwei , Bao Yaomin , Yang Yonghong , Groot Ronald de , Dai Wenkui , Jonge Marien I. de , Zheng Yuejie
Published: May 2019

Background: Pneumonia is one of the most important causes of morbidity and mortality in children. Identification and characterization of pathogens that cause infections are crucial for accurate treatment and accelerated recovery of the patients. However, in most cases the causative agent cannot be identified partly due to the limited spectrum covered by current diagnostics based on nucleic acid amplification. Therefore, in this study we explored the application of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) for the diagnosis of children with severe pneumonia.
Methods: From April to July 2017, 32 children were hospitalized with severe pneumonia in Shenzhen Children’s Hospital. Blood tests were conducted immediately after hospitalization to assess infection, oropharygeal swabs were collected to identify common pathogens. After bronchoscopy, bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (BALFs) were collected for further pathogen identification using standardized laboratory and mNGS.
Results: Blood tests were normal in 3 of the 32 children. In oropharygeal swabs from 5 patients Mycoplasma pneumoniae by qPCR, 27 cases showed negative results for common pathogens. In BALFs we detected 6 cases with Mycoplasma pneumoniae with qPCR, 9 patients with adenovirus by using a Direct Immunofluorescence Assay (DFA) and 4 patients with bacterial infections, as determined by culture, In 3 of the cases a co-infection was detected. In 15 cases no common pathogens were found in BALF samples, using the current diagnostics, while in all the 32 BALFS pathogens were identified using mNGS, including adenovirus, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, cytomegalovirus andbocavirus.
Conclusions: mNGS can increase the sensitivity of detection of the causative pathogens in children with severe pneumonia. In addition, mNGS will give more strain specific information, will help to identify new pathogens and could potentially help to trace and control outbreaks. In this study we have shown that it is feasible to have the results within 24 hours, making the application of mNGS feasible for clinical diagnostics.
Investigating DSSAT: Bermudagrass Response to Nitrogen as Influenced by Soil and Climate
Authors: Woli P. , Rouquette F. M. , Long C. R.
Published: May 2019

Core Ideas

The DSSAT perennial forage model predicted bermudagrass response to N reasonably well.

The model prediction accuracy was linked mainly to soil water holding capacity.

Bermudagrass production in the southern United States could be impacted by El Niño‐Southern Oscillation.

The La Niña (El Niño) phase was associated with above (below) normal production.

The impact of El Niño‐Southern Oscillation was greater on a soil with a coarser texture.

The perennial forage model in the Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT) suite is a newly developed model. Studies involving the use of the forage model for predicting biomass production for a perennial grass such as bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] are few. By conducting a series of simulation investigations, we examined the DSSAT forage model for simulating ‘Coastal’ bermudagrass biomass response to N as affected by soil and climate variability in the southern United States. The simulation results indicated that the DSSAT forage model predicted the biomass response to N reasonably well. However, the accuracy of simulations was linked primarily to the water holding capacity (WHC) of the soil used. A seemingly small difference in WHC, such as 0.03 mm mm−1, made a significant difference in the biomass response to N rate by a margin of about 3 Mg ha−1. These results indicated that providing more leverage to WHC than to the soil name, texture, or type being used for simulations could provide more accurate results. The simulations further indicated that bermudagrass production in the southern United States could be impacted by El Niño‐Southern Oscillation (ENSO), with the La Niña and El Niño phases providing above‐normal and below‐normal production, respectively. The rate of increase in biomass with an increase in N rate was higher under La Niña than under El Niño. The impact of ENSO was greater on a soil with a coarser texture.
Assessing the Impacts of Climate Variability on Fertilizer Management Decisions for Reducing Nitrogen Losses from Corn Silage Production
Authors: Smith Ward , Grant Brian , Qi Zhiming , He Wentian , VanderZaag Andrew , Drury Craig F. , Vergè Xavier , Balde Hambaliou , Gordon Robert , Helmers Mathew J.
Published: May 2019

There is an incentive for dairy farmers to maximize crop production while minimizing costs and environmental impacts. In cold climates, farmers have limited opportunity to balance field activities and manure storage requirements while limiting nutrient losses. A revised DeNitrification DeComposition (DNDC) model for simulating tile drainage was used to investigate fertilizer scenarios when applying dairy slurry or urea on silage corn (Zea mays L.) to examine N losses over a multidecadal horizon at locations in eastern Canada and the US Midwest. Management scenarios included timing (spring, fall, split, and sidedress) and method of application (injected [10 cm], incorporated [5 cm], and broadcast). Reactive N losses (NO3− from drainage and runoff, N2O, and NH3) were greatest from broadcast, followed by incorporated and then injected applications. Among the fertilizer timing scenarios, fall manure application resulted in the greatest N loss, primarily due to increased N leaching in non‐growing‐season periods, with 58% more N loss per metric ton of silage than spring application. Split and sidedress mineral fertilizer had the lowest N losses, with average reductions of 9.5 and 4.9%, respectively, relative to a single application. Split application mitigated losses more so than sidedress by reducing the soil pH shift due to urea hydrolysis and NH3 volatilization during the warmer June period. This assessment helps to distinguish which fertilizer practices are more effective in reducing N loss over a long‐term time horizon. Reactive N loss is ranked across 18 fertilizer management practices, which could assist farmers in weighing the tradeoffs between field trafficability, manure storage capacity, and expected N loss.

Core Ideas

The impacts of climate variability were often greater than the impacts of fertilizer management.

Fall‐applied manure resulted in more N loss than spring‐applied, primarily from N leaching.

Lowest N loss occurred from split and sidedress urea at all three locations.

More NH3 volatilization and N2O losses occurred from organic fertilizer, but N leaching was similar.

Similar fertilizer management recommendations can be made across all three locations.
Variability for Productivity and Nutritional Traits in Germplasm of Kodo Millet, an Underutilized Nutrient‐Rich Climate Smart Crop
Authors: Vetriventhan Mani , Upadhyaya Hari D.
Published: May 2019

Kodo millet (Paspalum scrobiculatum L.) is an important drought‐tolerant crop cultivated on marginal soils under diverse environmental conditions. Its grains are nutritionally superior to those of major cereals. Knowledge of the variability in agronomic and nutritional traits is important to identify germplasm for use in crop improvement and by farmers. Two hundred kodo millet accessions were evaluated in 2 yr during the rainy season to assess variability for morphoagronomic and grain nutritional traits and to identify high grain‐yielding and nutrient‐rich accessions. Large variability was observed for important traits including days to maturity, grain yield, and Fe, Zn, Ca, and protein content with moderate to high heritability. Three kodo millet races did not differ significantly for grain yield or Fe, Zn, Ca, and protein content. For Zn, Fe, protein, and Ca, 78.5, 75.0, 67.5, and 54.0% of accessions, respectively, were consistent between the years, indicating the relative sensitivity of these nutrients to the environment and genotype × environment interaction. Considering data of both the years separately, 50 promising trait‐specific accessions were identified, including those for early maturity (8 accessions), greater 100‐seed weight (10), high grain yield (15), Fe (8), Zn (14), Ca (6) and protein content (7), and 10 with a combination of agronomic and nutritional traits. The extensive multilocation evaluation of these high‐yielding, nutrient‐rich accessions would be useful to identify promising genotypes for direct cultivar release or for use in crop improvement to contribute to the food and nutritional security of resource‐poor farmers in a changing climate scenario.
The Cotton Boll: The Relationship of Species and Genotype with Temporal Development of Boll Wall Thickness
Authors: Esquivel Jesus F. , Hinze Lori L.
Published: May 2019

Cotton (Gossypium spp. L.) is a high‐value cash crop worldwide, and numerous pest insects can injure the developing cotton boll, thereby reducing yields and fiber quality. Thickness of the boll wall may be instrumental in deterring these seasonal pests, but the temporal development, or rate at which the boll wall thickens, is not known. The objective of this study was to determine boll wall thickness in four cotton species (G. arboreum L., G. barbadense L., G. herbaceum L., and G. hirsutum L.) and among selected entries within species at selected boll ages. Temporal boll wall thickness differed significantly between cotton species, as well as among entries within species. Overall, mean wall thickness was significantly affected by cotton species and boll age. When boll ages were pooled, G. barbadense possessed significantly higher mean wall thickness than G. arboreum, G. hirsutum, and G. herbaceum. When cotton species were pooled, maximum wall thickness was observed at 14 d after flowering, followed by 21 d after flowering, and these were significantly greater than at 3, 7, and 28 d after flowering. Within all species, temporal differences in wall thickness were observed between and among entries evaluated. These findings improve our understanding of boll wall development and provide a foundation for screening cotton germplasm to potentially select for increased wall thickness as a source of pest resistance.