bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of ph on Emulsifying Activity of Protein Isolates from Two Varieties (DAS and BS) of Nigerian Cultivated Solojo Cowpea (Vigna Unguiculata L. Walp)
Authors:   Department of Analytical and Laboratory Management, Federal Institute of Industrial Research, Oshodi, Nigeria, A Adeyoju Olubamike , Chibudike Henry O ,   Department of Chemical, Fiber and Environmental Technology, Federal Institute of Industrial Research, Oshodi, Nigeria, I Olu-Owolabi Bamidele ,   Department of Chemistry, Analytical Unit, University of Ibadan, Nigeria, Adebowale Kayode O ,   Department of Chemistry, Industrial Unit, University of Ibadan, Nigeria, Chibudike Chinedum E ,   Department of Planning, Tech. Transfer and Information Management, Federal Institute of Industrial Research, FIIRO. Nigeria
Published: June 2024

The increasing world population has led to shortage in protein supply which necessitated the quest for new protein sources, particularly from legume. Legumes, naturally do not possess suitable functionality for application in food industry. To improve functionality, different methods of modification (physical, chemical, enzymatic) have been utilized by researchers though with some limitations. However, the use of germination has not been fully explored especially for underutilized Solojo cowpea. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of germination in improving the nutritional and functional properties of flours and proteins isolated from Solojo cowpea and the corresponding effect of pH on its Emulsifying Activity as well as the stability of the isolates. The protein isolates were obtained as whole cowpea flour (WCF), full fat dark ash solojo (FFDAS) and defatted dark ash solojo (DFDAS) flours from dehalled defatted cowpea flour (DDCF) by isoelectric (CPIA) and micellization (CPIB) precipitation were studied. The emulsifying activity as well as stability were affected by pH as shown in Figures [1-12]. All the flours of DAS and BS showed lowest EA between pH 4 – pH 6. The EA decreased as the H+ increased up to the IEP increased with pH to the alkaline region. The DAS isolates had its minimum EA at pH 2- pH 4, while the BS isolate had its minimum EA at pH 2 for all treatment except 6h and 36h, which both had their minimum EA at pH 8. The value ranged between 43.34% and 50.00%; 44.44% and 51.52%; 43.28% and 49.37%; 43.99% and 49.34%; 43.80% and 52.55%; 44.81 and 60.18% for FFDAS, DFDAS, FFBS, DFBS, DAS and BS respectively. ES followed an arrangement comparable to the EA. The lowest ES was reported at pH 4 for most of the flour samples, except for, FFDAS Raw at pH 8 and DFDAS Raw at pH 6. The protein isolates of DAS and BS also had most of the ES minimum at pH 4, except DAS 72h and BS Raw with minimum at pH 2; DAS 36 h, 48 h, BS 6 h and 36 h had their minimum at pH 6; only DAS Raw had minimum ES at pH 8. The ES values ranged between 43.33% and 51.65%; 44.44% and 51.52%; 44.80% and 50.01%; 43.52% and 50.21%. 80.72% and 110.70% 80.66% and 108.82%, for FFDAS, DFDAS, FFBS, DFBS, DAS and BS respectively. There was no marked difference between the ES of the two varieties.
Self-Expanding Versus Balloon-Expanding Valves 5-Years After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors:   Department of Medicine, Rowan University School of Osteopathic Medicine, Stratford, NJ 08043, USA, Elias Jonathan , Spicer Seth ,   Futures Forward Research Institute, Toms River, NJ 08753, USA, Luciano Pasquale ,   Department of Cardiac Surgery, Capital Health, Pennington, NJ 08534, USA, Jha Stuti ,   College of Humanities and Social Science, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA
Published: June 2024

Background: With transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) gaining dominance in the treatment for aortic stenosis, it is crucial to determine which type of valve is most superior long-term. Previous studies have compared shorter term outcomes of the two valves; however, long-term outcomes are yet to be determined. Objectives: This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluate the five-year outcomes of self-expanding valves (SEV), in comparison to balloon-expanding valves (BEV) in an intermediate to high-risk population. Methods: The systematic review and meta-analysis followed the 2020 PRISMA guidelines. Seven online databases (PubMed, Embase, Web Of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar, Cochrane, Rowan-Virtua SOM Library) were screened. 15 studies met the inclusion criteria (10,416 TAVR procedures). Mortality, cardiovascular-related mortality, new pacemaker implantation rates, mean aortic gradient, and aortic regurgitation rates were assessed at five years. Results: A lower mean aortic gradient (p < 0.0006, Cohen’s d = 2.86) throughout SEV procedures, and a lower number of new pacemaker implantation rates (p < 0.0001, Cohen’s d = 0.29) from BEV procedures were analyzed. All other outcomes did not yield significant results. Conclusion: TAVR using either SEV or BEV portrayed similar outcomes, with exception to new pacemaker implantation rates and mean aortic gradient. Using BEV to treat aortic stenosis in an intermediate to high-risk population may lower chances of new pacemaker implantation within 5 years, reducing the need for future procedures and their associated risks. Further studies utilizing RCTs would be beneficial in controlling confounding variables, such as surgeon experience, and patient compliance to postoperative instructions.
Una Mirada al Futuro: TIC Innovadoras en el Proceso de Enseñanza-Aprendizaje de las Asignaturas de Emprendedurismo en la Carrera de Diseño Gráfico, Universidad Don Bosco, El Salvador
Authors: Alonzo Andrea , Villasmil Yánez Maydalí
Published: June 2024

En este trabajo se analiza el uso de las TIC en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de las asignaturas de emprendedurismo de la carrera de Diseño Gráfico en la Universidad Don Bosco de El Salvador y su aporte al fomento de futuros emprendedores. El trabajo se realizó bajo un enfoque investigativo de acción participativa, la investigación se desarrollará en busca de la mejora de una labor educativa, la investigación se desarrollará dentro de una institución educativa, siendo esta la Universidad Don Bosco de El Salvador, tomando en cuenta la carrera de licenciatura en Diseño Gráfico y consultando a 40 alumnos entre el cuarto y el quinto año de estudios.  El método de muestreo utilizado fue no probabilístico por conveniencia, con el fin de crear muestras de fácil acceso, con quienes tengan la mejor disponibilidad de participar en la muestra dentro de un intervalo de tiempo determinado. Se consultó a los alumnos su valoración en diferentes áreas como la enseñanza aprendizaje, el emprendedurismo, las tecnologías de la información, todo dentro del marco de sus estudios en las  materias relacionadas al emprendedurismo. Se utilizaron como instrumentos cuestionarios en línea y entrevistas a profundidad. Como principales resultados, se obtuvieron las opiniones de alumnos y docentes en relación con su experiencia, obteniendo resultados positivos en cuanto a la asimilación de contenidos donde son utilizados diferentes herramientas TIC además de identificar áreas de mejora y oportunidades para fomentar un aprendizaje más completo y mejorar la experiencia educativa.
Mixed Ligand Complexes: Room Temperature Synthesis, Structure Determination and Biological Utility
Authors: D. Ragole Vikas
Published: June 2024

The synthesis of mixed ligand complexes at room temperature involving a Schiff base derived from a heterocyclic compound (S5) and 5-chloro-8-hydroxyquinoline ligands, utilizing transition metals such as Fe(III), Co(II), Ni(II), and Cu(II), has been documented. The formation of the Schiff base (S5) is achieved by reacting 2-hydroxy-3-methoxy-5-nitrobenzaldehyde with 2-aminobenzothiazole in ethanol, with glacial acetic acid serving as a catalyst. Various analysis techniques utilized to analyze the obtained compounds for their structure determination. Biological screening results revealed the obtained metal-ligand combinations are possible candidates for use as antibacterial, antimalarial and antioxidant agents owing to their potential activities.
SOME ASPECTS OF THE FORMATION OF A NEW BEHAVIORAL MODEL OF YOUTH IN AN ERA OF GROWING INTERNATIONAL CONTRADICTIONS
Authors:   Department of Theory and History, State and Law, Saint-Petersburg University of State Fire Service of Emercom of Russia, St. Petersburg, Russia, Asadov Babek
Published: June 2024

The article examines some aspects of the complex and controversial development process of the world, which increasingly affect the interests of the younger generation and determine the prospects for its future in the system of new emerging social relations. Transformations serve as an indicator of a change in society and forming a system of social relations. The author made attempts to analyze the impact of socio-political transformations, complex and contradictory international relations on the state of the youth environment and the formation of new elements of the behavioral model in it. These trends reflect the objective need to consider the special role of the identity of a new type of person and the components of behavior inherent in such a subject in the system of emerging social relations. Is the new generation able to create a stable and safe environment of human existence, adequate to complex challenges and crisis phenomena? In this regard, it is proposed to expand the scope of this very relevant topic in modern discourse.
SCIENTIFIC STUDY OF PROBLEMS OF SOCIAL ADAPTATION IN ADOLESCENTS WITH ATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER
Authors:   Karshi State University, Karshi, Uzbekistan, Norkobilova Surayyo
Published: June 2024

This article examines the difficulties that adolescents with ADHD face when adapting to an educational organization in all areas of their lives, in terms of educational activities, personal development and interpersonal relationships. In addition to the problems of social adaptation, the negative qualities of children’s personal development were noted and the need for organizing special psychological and pedagogical support was emphasized.
Digital modelling technologies in the mining industry: Effectiveness and prospects of digitalisation of open-pit mining enterprises
Authors: Kunytska Maryna , Piskun Ihor , Kotenko Volodymyr , Kryvoruchko Andrii
Published: June 2024

Due to the rapid development of the mining industry and the need to increase its competitiveness, digital modelling technologies for open-pit mining enterprises become a relevant and important direction of research. The aim of this study is to analyse integrated digital models for optimising open-pit mining enterprises, aimed at increasing productivity, ensuring safety, and reducing environmental impact. Among the methods used, it is worth mentioning the analytical method, classification method, functional method, statistical method, synthesis method, and others. During the research, an analysis of integrated digital models for optimising the operation of open-pit mining enterprises was conducted. The implementation of integrated digital models in mining enterprises has led to a significant increase in the level of resource extraction productivity, providing a more efficient organisation of work processes. Improvement in the safety system has also been identified, where these models allowed for timely detection and management of potential risks. In addition, the application of digital modelling technologies has contributed to a significant reduction in negative impact on the natural environment, implementing more environmentally sustainable methods of resource extraction and processing. The integration of digital technologies has allowed optimising work processes, making them more efficient and resilient. The study also emphasises the importance of using digital models in the context of predictive analysis and decision-making. The overall conclusion is that digital modelling technologies are a key tool for achieving optimal functioning of modern mining enterprises. A detailed study of modern optimisation methods for mining enterprises will allow optimising work processes, increasing efficiency, and reducing negative environmental impact
The Influence of Family Environment and Learning Discipline on Students' Interest in Learning at State 4 Junior High School Tomohon
Authors: Lolong Viany Marianus
Published: June 2024

This study aims to examine the influence of the family environment and learning discipline on students' interest in learning at State 4 Junior High School Tomohon. Utilizing a quantitative research approach, this investigation involved a sample of 120 students selected through random sampling techniques. Data were collected through structured questionnaires designed to measure the variables of family environment, learning discipline, and students' interest in learning. The results revealed a significant positive correlation between the family environment and students' interest in learning, suggesting that supportive and nurturing family conditions contribute to higher levels of student engagement and enthusiasm for learning. Furthermore, learning discipline, characterized by consistent study habits, time management, and adherence to academic responsibilities, was found to be a critical factor in enhancing students' interest in their studies. Multiple regression analysis indicated that both the family environment and learning discipline collectively accounted for a substantial proportion of the variance in students' interest in learning, highlighting the combined impact of these factors. The findings underscore the importance of a conducive family environment and the establishment of disciplined learning habits as essential components in fostering students' academic motivation. The study concludes with recommendations for educators and parents to collaborate in creating supportive home environments and encouraging disciplined study practices to improve students' interest in learning. Future research directions include exploring the mediating effects of other psychosocial factors and extending the study to different educational settings to generalize the findings.
1. RANCANGAN RECEIVER ADS-B MENGGUNAKAN RTL-SDR UNTUK PEMBACAAN DATA ASTERIX DI PROGRAM STUDI TEKNIK NAVIGASI UDARA
Authors: Rahman Sofian Pasaribu  , Much. Furqon Muchaddats  , Dianditama T.R.
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menciptakan Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM) dibidang Perhubungan yang profesional, unggul, dan trampil sesuai dengan bidang penerbangandan peralatan telekomunikasi, navigasi serta surveillance (pengamatan). Oleh karena itu dibutuhkan alat praktek yang dapat menujang pendidikan taruna, selama taruna menimba ilmudi Program Studi Teknik Navigasi Udara PPI Curug. Di Program Studi TNU PPI curug telahdilengkapai dengan beberapa fasilitas penunjang yang masih ada sampai saat ini seperti:VHG Air to Ground, VOR, NDB, SSB, DME, Heatkit, komputer, dan lain-lain. Seiring denganperkembangan teknologi yang terus berkembang, fasilitas pendukung pelayanan surveillance(pengamatan) ruang udara juga terus mengalami perkembangan. Salah satu perkembangannya ialah pengunaan RTL-SDR sebagai receiver ADS-B, sebagai fasilitas surveillance yangdapat di implementasikan seperti di bandar udara internasional Lombok guna meningkatkanpelayanan navigasi penerbangan. Penggunaan RTL-SDR dimaksudkan agar proses sinyalyang dipancarkan oleh transponder pesawat dapat terima, dimana mode transimisi yangdigunakan ialah protokol standar ASTERIX sesuai dengan KP 103 tahun 2015 tentangstandar teknis dan operasi (Manual of Standard CASR 171-2) Spesifikasi teknis fasilitastelekomunikasi penerbangan menyebutkan bahwa mode transmisi data yang digunakanialah protokol standar ASTERIX yang sesuai dengan Category peralatan yang digunakan.Data ASTERIX sangat penting karena merupakan salah satu input data Automation yangmemberikan informasi kepada ATC. Oleh karena itu data ASTERIX yang diterima harusbenar dan sesuai dengan aturan yang telah diatur di dalam pedoman EUROCONTROL
Program KB pada Bangga Kencana di Kampung Keluarga Berencana (KB) Sukamerindu Kota Bengkulu
Authors: Atika Amanda  , Siti Chodijah  , Ike Sri Wahyuni
Published: June 2024

Kegiatan Program Kampung Keluarga Berencana (Kampung KB) tidak hanya terbatas pada penggunaan dan pemasangan alat kontrasepsi, melainkan juga merupakan bagian dari program pembangunan yang terpadu dan terintegrasi dengan berbagai program pembangunan lainnya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pelaksanaan Program Kampung Keluarga Berencana di Wilayah Sukamerindu, Kota Bengkulu. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian kualitatif, melibatkan 7 informan di Kelurahan Sukamerindu, Kota Bengkulu. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi dan wawancara, sedangkan analisis data dilakukan dengan menuliskan dan menganalisis semua data dan informasi yang diperoleh dalam penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa banyak warga yang aktif dalam menjalankan program KB. Hal tersebut akan terus ditingkatkan untuk mencapai kesejahteraan masyarakat.
Kata kunci           : Kampung Keluarga Berencana, Bangga Kencana
Grupo fractal e suas aplicações na natureza
Authors: Gabriel Filho Luíz Roberto Almeida , Gabriel Camila Pires Cremasco , Seraphim Odivaldo José , Cataneo ângelo , Gabriel Luiz Roberto Almeida
Published: June 2024

omundo científico tem verificado recentemente o advento de uma nova teoria: os fractais. Ao procurar uma palavra que melhor descrevesse as formas irregulares e a nova geometria que podemos classificar como intrínseca da natureza, o matemático polonês Benoit Mandelbrot, que hoje trabalha na IBM de Nova York, sedeparou com o adjetivo latino fractus, vindo do verbo frangere, que significa quebrar, fraturar. Fractais são objetos que apresentam auto-semelhança e complexidade infinita, ou seja, sempre contém cópias, aproximadas ou não, de si mesmos, e são gerados pela iteração de processos simples. A geometria Euclidiana apresenta dimensões bem definidas e quantidades para a natureza, ou seja: O, para um ponto; 1, para uma linhareta; 2, para um plano e 3, para um volume. Já a Geometria Fractal mostra infinitas possibilidades, com asdimensões podendo apresentar números fracionários, o que permite o ajuste bem melhor às condições naturais. Por outro lado, um conjunto não vazio G é um grupo em relação a uma operação pré-definida se, e somente se, valem as propriedades associativa, existência do elemento neutro e existência do elemento simétrico. Os objetivos desse trabalho são classificar cada fractal como sendo um grupo; estabelecer propriedades para os respectivos sub-grupos que mostraremos serem fractais; e representar formas ou fenômenos da natureza realizados pelos fractais e também pelos subgrupos fractais gerados.
Some biological aspects of bogue Boops boops (Linnaeus, 1758) from Saros Bay (Northern Aegean Sea, Turkey)
Authors: Cengiz Özgür
Published: June 2024

This study was conducted to determine the growth parameters, mortality and length at first maturity of bogue Boops boops (Linneaus, 1758) in Saros Bay (Northern Aegean Sea). A total of 363 specimens were obtained, monthly, from commercial fishermen between February 2016 and January 2017. The total length and weight of sampled fish ranged from 11.3 to 24.1 cm and from 16.61 to 165.32 g, with a mean of 16.9 cm and 60.40 g, respectively. The length-weight relationship was calculated as W = 0.0080TL3.13. The von Bertalanffy growth equations were computed to be 𝐿∞ = 27.9 cm, k = 0.21 year-1, 𝑡0 = -1.57 year. The growth performance index (𝛷′) was found as 2.21. The length at first maturity was estimated as 16.6 cm. Total mortality rate (Z), natural mortality rate (M), fishing mortality rate (F) and exploitation rate (E) of the bouge were 0.44 year-1, 0.38 year-1, 0.06 year-1 and 0.13 year-1, respectively. The present study provides preliminary information on the growth parameters, mortality and length at first maturity of B. boops for the Saros Bay (Northern Aegean Sea, Turkey).
Jigsaw strategy: strengthening achievement and interest in mathematics among elementary pre-service teachers
Authors: Bacsal Eldimar , Ibañez Edwin , Pentang Jupeth
Published: June 2024

Mathematics is considered one of the most challenging courses for many elementary pre-service teachers (EPTs). In hopes for improvement, teacher educators have been incorporating a jigsaw strategy to equip future teachers with the necessary competencies. Hence, the study aimed to determine the effectiveness of the jigsaw strategy with EPTs’ level of mathematics achievement and interest in an online cooperative learning environment. The research utilized a pre-experimental design with 40 participants. The researchers used pretest and posttest questions covering fraction operations and a mathematics interest questionnaire before and after the intervention. With the implementation of the jigsaw strategy, results showed that the EPTs’ mathematics achievement improved while their interest in mathematics improved to some extent. Likewise, a significant difference between the pre-and post-intervention concerning the EPTs’ mathematics achievement and interest in mathematics was found. Furthermore, correlation analysis revealed that study time is negatively related to mathematics achievement, as is the overall level of interest in mathematics. These findings imply that a jigsaw strategy is a useful tool in teaching mathematics online. However, several modifications may be considered to recognize that the EPTs’ interest in mathematics varies from one person to another. Teacher education institutions are encouraged to apply this strategy not only for EPTs to increase their mathematical know-hows but also to serve as an example for them to employ in their future teaching careers.
LJUDSKA PRAVA U REPUBLICI HRVATSKOJ, PRIJE I NAKON ULASKA U EUROPSKU UNIJU
Authors: Peran Branko , Goreta Mirko , Milković Vedran
Published: June 2024

Najznaĉajniji izvor ljudskih prava u Republici Hrvatskoj, koja je ĉlanica Europske unije je Ustav Republike Hrvatske. Sva ljudska bića raĊaju se jednaka u pravima i dostojanstvu. Ona su obdarena razumom i sviješću, pa jedni prema drugima trebaju postupati u duhu bratstva. Ljudska prava su uroĊena prava svih ljudi, muškaraca, ţena i djece, zbog toga što su ljudska bića, a ljudska prava su univerzalna jer pripadaju svakom ljudskom biću podjednako, bez diskriminacije po bilo kojem osnovu, bez obzira na pol, rasu, boju, jezik, vjeru, politiĉko i drugo mišljenje, nacionalno ili socijalno porijeklo, povezanost sa nacionalnom manjinom, imovinu roĊenje ili dugi status. Osim toga ona su nedjeljiva, jednakog su znaĉaja i meĊusobno zavisna. Isto tako ljudska prava su neotuĊiva, nerazdvojiva su od pojedinca, ona su uvjet slobode, mira i pravde u svijetu, a temeljni cilj poštivanja i zaštite ljudskih prava je ljudsko dostojanstvo. Nadalje, ljudska prava mogu se definirati kao univerzalna prava temeljne naravi koja pripadaju svakoj osobi u njenom odnosu s drţavom. U Europskoj uniji dva su glavna smjera politike i djelovanja u podruĉju ljudskih prava. Jedan je zaštita temeljnih ljudskih prava za graĊane EU, a drugi promicanje ljudskih prava širom svijeta. U poĉetcima Europske unije svijest o potrebi zaštite ljudskih prava nije bila dovoljno razvijena jer se radilo o organizaciji koja je ekonomske naravi, a takoĊer se smatralo da će se o takvim pravima brinuti Vijeće Europe. Širenjem nadleţnosti Europske unije, nastala je potreba za dodatnim reguliranjem i zaštitom ljudskih prava, pa je Lisabonskim ugovorom pristupanje Unije Europskoj konvenciji za zaštitu ljudskih prava postalo obavezno. Europska konvencija za zaštitu ljudskih prava predstavlja mehanizam vanjskog nadzora nad zaštitom ljudskih prava u EU, a paralelno s njim uspostavljen je mehanizam unutarnjeg nadzora nad zaštitom ljudskih prava pomoću Povelje EU o temeljnim pravima. U Republici Hrvatskoj ljudska prava svakog pojedinca propisana su Ustavom Republike Hrvatske, meĊunarodnim ugovorima kojih je Republika Hrvatska stranka, te mnogim zakonima.
BORBA ZA ŽENSKA PRAVA U SISTEMU UNIVERZALNIH LJUDSKIH PRAVA
Authors: Ćosić Selma
Published: June 2024

Koncept ljudskih prava je koncept koji je stariji od koncepta roda. Kada govorimo o ljudskim pravima, tada govorimo o pravima koja se smatraju nedjeljivim i neotuĊivim pravima svakog ljudskog bića. Ljudi se meĊusobno razlikuju po nekim svojim svojstvima, karakteristikama, razlikuju se po boji koţe, spolu, nacionalnoj, etniĉkoj pripadnosti, dobu, vjeroispovijesti, braĉnom statusu, socijalnoj pripadnosti, seksualnoj orijentaciji, itd. Od toga polazi i Povelja Ujedinjenih nacija iz 1945. godine koja u svom prvom ĉlanu navodi „da je jedan od osnovnih ciljeva osnivanja UN-a podsticanje poštovanja prava ĉovjeka i temeljnih sloboda za sve, bez razlike, s obzirom na rasu, spol, jezik ili vjeru.” (Glava I, ĉlan 1.). MeĊutim, borba ţena za svoja ljudska prava kroz historiju ĉovjeĉanstva nam ukazuje na ĉinjenicu da se koncept ljudskih prava ne odnosi i na prava ţena, to moţemo vidjeti kroz mnoštvo konvencija, deklaracija i rezolucija o pravima ţena. Autorica će u ovom radu prikazati kraći historijski pregled razvoja rodnih politika, pravnih okvira i mehanizama za rodnu ravnopravnost koje su na globalnoj razini doprinijeli razliĉiti dokumenti, konvencije, deklaracije i rezolucije koje su donošene na nacionalnim i nadnacionalnim nivoima, te ukazat na vaţnost emancipacije, obrazovanja i socijalizacije ţena u današnjem društvu.
FIZIČKO KAŽNJAVANJE DJECE U PORODIČNOM KONTEKSTU U CRNOJ GORI
Authors: Kolinović Ida
Published: June 2024

S koljena na koljeno prenosi se zabluda, maskirana kao mudrost “batina je iz raja izašla”, zbog ĉega je primjena fiziĉkog kaţnjavanja u vaspitne svrhe, tokom cjelokupne ljudske istorije, opravdavana kao metod vaspitanja i disciplinovanja djece. Empirijsko istraţivanje sprovedeno u Crnoj Gori u periodu od 01. februara do 30. juna 2020. godine, a koje je obuhvatilo 522 graĊana/ke sa cijele teritorije Crne Gore (sjeverne, juţne i centralne regije), otkrilo je zabrinjavajući podatak da je ĉak 80.8% graĊana/ki dobijalo batine tokom odrastanja u porodici, u manjoj ili većoj mjeri. Batine je ĉesto dobijalo ĉak 10.3% crnogorskih graĊana/ki, dok je s druge strane samo 4.4% ispitanika/ca izjavilo da su bili ţrtve zlostavljanja u djetinjstvu (većina graĊana/ki ne percipira batine kao nasilje). GraĊani/ke sa iskustvom ĉestih batina najmanje su i spremni prijaviti institucijama, ukoliko bi roditelj tukao dijete u komšiluku. Porodiĉni zakon Crne Gore, ĉlan 9, propisuje da dijete ne smije biti podvrgnuto tjelesnom kaţnjavanju od strane roditelja, staratelja i drugih osoba koje brinu o djetetu. Konvencija o pravima djeteta, ĉlan 19, navodi obavezu da se djeca štite od svih oblika nasilja, zlostavljanja i povreĊivanja dok su pod brigom roditelja ili staratelja, a Univerzalna deklaracija o ljudskim pravima, ĉlan 25, da svako ima pravo na standard ţivota koji obezbjeĊuje zdravlje i blagostanje. SZO i razne meĊunarodne studije su upozorile da je fiziĉko kaţnjavanje povezano sa negativnim ishodima za djecu ukljuĉujući fiziĉko i mentalno zdravlje, oštećen kognitivni i socioemocionalni razvoj, loše obrazovne rezultate, povećanu agresiju i ĉinjenje nasilja. Crna Gora je u obavezi da sprovodi preventivne kampanje i edukacije najšire javnosti, naroĉito roditelja o vaţnosti poštovanja djeĉijih prava (shodno domaćem i meĊunarodnom pravu), pozitivnom roditeljstvu i nenasilnim odgojnim metodama u cilju iskorjenjivanja ove negativne prakse iz crnogorskog društva.
PRAVO NA OBRAZOVANJE U KONTEKSTU IZVRŠENJA KRIVIĈNIH SANKCIJA ZA MALOLETNIKE
Authors: Kovačević Milica
Published: June 2024

Savremene nauĉne tendencije i relevantni meĊunarodni dokumenti u prvi plan istiĉu poštovanje naĉela najboljeg interesa deteta u svim situacijama u koje je involvirano maloletno lice, pa tako i u sluĉaju izvršenja kriviĉnih sankcija prema maloletnim uĉiniocima kriviĉnih dela. Najbolji interes deteta neraskidivo je povezan sa punim razvojem liĉnih potencijala koji je pak nezamisliv bez obrazovanja i sticanja znanja i veština. Zato ne zaĉuĊuje da Konvencija UN o pravima deteta, te Pekinška i Havanska pravila znaĉajnu paţnju posvećuju upravo pravu na obrazovanje. Pri navedenom, posebno treba imati u vidu da maloletni uĉinioci kriviĉnih dela moraju uţivati pravo na vaspitanje i obrazovanje jednakog kvaliteta kao i njihovi vršnjaci koji nisu imali kontakta sa sistemom kriviĉnopravne reakcije. Navedeno postavlja izuzetno kompleksne zadatke pred sistem izvršenja kriviĉnih sankcija za maloletnike. Stoga su izlaganja u radu posvećena analizi relevantnih meĊunarodnih dokumenata, te prakse Evropskog suda za ljudska prava u oblasti poštovanja ljudskih prava u kontekstu izvršenja maloletniĉkih kriviĉnih sankcija. Cilj rada jeste da se sumiraju dominantne vrednosti i naĉela i time potpomogne njihova puna implementacija u praksi.
IZAZOVI U OČUVANJU MENTALNOG ZDRAVLJA OSOBA STARIJE ŽIVOTNE DOBI
Authors: Simović Miodrag , Kuprešanin Jelena
Published: June 2024

Zaštita i unapreĊenje zdravlja je univerzalno ljudsko pravo, ali njegovo potpuno ostvarivanje prvenstveno zavisi od resursa svake drţave i dostupne i kvalitetne zdravstvene zaštite. Oĉuvanje mentalnog zdravlja stanovništva je imperativ u kreiranju javnih politika, ali i preduslov za oĉuvanje i funkcionisanje svakog zdravog društva. Razliĉiti krize prouzrokovane internim i eksternim faktorima dodatno doprinose povećanju rizika ugroţavanja ukupnog zdravlja pojedinaca, porodica i cjelokupnog društva, dok istovremeno ukazuju na znaĉaj i ulogu protektivnih faktora. Sve veća prisutnost alijenacije u društvu narušava mentalno zdravlje, utiĉe na produktivnost i na uspješnost suoĉavanja sa svakodnevnim stresom. Mentalno i fiziĉko zdravlje starije populacije ljudi je naroĉito osjetljivo i ugroţeno, te je njegovom oĉuvanju potrebno pristupiti sistemski, planski i kontinuirano. Profesionalci u oblasti zaštite starijih lica ĉesto kao problem istiĉu prisutnost rizika od stigmatizacije i diskriminacije osoba sa smetnjama u mentalnom zdravlju. Proces ubrzanog starenja stanovništva, meĊusobna korelacija fiziĉkog i mentalnog zdravlja, potreba za preventivnim programima, stepen kvaliteta porodiĉnih odnosa i okruţenje su samo neki od brojnih ĉinilaca koji mogu imati negativne implikacije na ukupno zdravlje. Navedeno se moţe ublaţiti zajedniĉkim djelovanjem razliĉitih sistema i profesionalaca, osnaţivanjem porodica, kao i intenziviranjem regionalne i meĊunarodne saradnje u oblasti zdravstvenih politika. Budućnost pred nama donosi brojne zdravstvene, ali i socijalne i ekonomske izazove.
INTERDISCIPLINARNA SARADNJA U RADOVIMA IZ OBLASTI INKLUZIVNOG OBRAZOVANJA U BOSNI I HERCEGOVINI
Authors: Žarković Tatjana , Bjelan Sandra , Mandić Đokić Tanja
Published: June 2024

Osnovni cilj rada je istaći problem iscjepkanosti i zatvorenosti na nivo struke/a u reakcijama na kompleksne društvene probleme, ĉime se doprinosi reprodukciji neadekvatnog procesa obrazovanja, na primjeru obrazovanja osoba sa invaliditetom (OSI) u BiH. Prvo ćemo predstaviti izazove obrazovanja i zapošljavanja za OSI u BiH na osnovu provedenih istraţivanja u okviru dva projekta fokusiranih na obrazovanje i zapošljavanje OSI iz 2018. i 2021. godine. Rezultati navedenih istraţivanja pokazuju da su osnovni problemi zapošljavanja, koji stoje u direktnoj vezi sa obrazovanjem: nedovoljno znanja i vještina za traţene radne zadatke, neadekvatna struka, predrasude, sistem mentorstva (Mandić Đokić, Ţarković, Backović 2021, str. 15). Radovi unutar akademske zajednice u BiH, ukazuju na pokušaj nesvjesne zloupotrebe ideje “obrazovanje za sve”, za stvaranje legitimiteta za usko i zatvoreno djelovanje. Navedena diskusija će se posluţiti teorijskim sistemom Pjera Burdijea o nejednakim obrazovnim šansama i naĉinu na koji obrazovni sistem doprinosi nesmetanoj reprodukciji društvenih nejednakosti. U skladu s tim ćemo istaći vaţnost interdisciplinarne saradnje i istraţivanja obrazovanja u BiH. Da bismo ispitale stepen saradnje i interdisciplinarnosti, analizirana je literatura koja se pojavljuje u pretrazi na Google Scholar kada se pretraţuju zajedno pojmovi: inkluzivno obrazovanje, osobe sa invaliditetom te Bosna i Hercegovina. U kvantitativnoj analizi sadrţaja izdvojenog materijala za svaku analiziranu jedinicu izdvajao se podatak o tome iz koje discipline autor/ica dolazi i da li postoji interdisciplinarna saradnja na konkretnom primjeru. Rezultati pokazuju da se tema inkluzije ĉesto izjednaĉava sa pitanjima izvrsnosti u uĉionicama, ĉime se zaboravlja šira društvena odgovornost i prebacuje teret na pojedince/ke i pojedinaĉne profesije ĉime se suţava prepoznata problematika i izazovi na pitanja efikasnosti i odgovornosti na radnom mjestu unutar sistema obrazovanja u koji se ne ulaţe dovoljno u BiH.
КОНЗУМЕРИЗАМ И КЛИМАТСКЕ ПРОМЈЕНЕ: ОД ЕКОЛОШКИХ ДЕВИЈАЦИЈА ДО ЗЕЛЕНОГ КОНЗУМЕРИЗМА И ОДРЖИВОГ РАЗВОЈА
Authors: Slijepčević Dušanka
Published: June 2024

Предмет истраживања су климатске промјене (пораст глобалне средње температуре и сл.), као облик друштвених промјена и водећа тема у актуелној међународној политици и академским круговима. Истраживачки проблем су неки узроци (конзумеризам) и неке посљедице климатских промјена (еколошке девијације), те начини превенције њиховог заоштравања. Истраживачка питања су: Који су главни узроци климатских промјена? Које су посљедице климатских промјена по Земљу, друштво и појединце? Који су начини превенције заоштравања климатских промјена? Главна претпоставка је да је главни узрок климатских промјена начин живота с високим садржајем угљеника (конзумеризам), подржан капитализмом заснованим на фосилним горивима и прекомјерној екстракцији природних ресурса, у складу с неолиберализмом. Посебне претпоставке су да су: 1) посљедице климатских промјена (према Наоми Клајн): повећање опасности од рата и сукоба због оскудних ресурса; успон радикалне деснице и ксенофобије према мањинама; еко-фашизам; климатско варварство; климатски стресови (анксиозност) и дислоцирање најсиромашнијих; неуспјех слободног тржишта; зелени колонијализам, петље повратне спреге; необјављени климатски ратови; култура безграничног отимања; гиг- и диг-економија, док су: 2) начини превенције (према Клајн): ограничавање култа куповине и потрошње; самоникли друштвени и омладински климатски покрети; моћ науке о клими; сарадња насупрот компетиције; партиципативна и енергетска демократија; планирање и регулација корпоративног сектора; ревизија слободне трговине; управљана транзиција; зелени послови; опорезивање CO2, корпорација, богаташа; смањење војних буџета; елиминисање субвенција за фосилна горива; промјена понашања (мања употреба фосилних горива, а већа брига); култура сагласја и брижности; покрет трансформације; зелена љевица; демократски еко-социјализам. Научни циљеви су: 1) дескрипција климатских промјена, њихових узрока и посљедица; 2) разумијевање узрока климатских промјена и друштвено-историјског контекста појављивања; 3) каузално (узрочно) објашњење климатских промјена и 4) предикција утицаја посљедица климатских промјена и начина њихове превенције. Друштвени циљеви су: проширење фонда научних знања о савременом друштву и његовим проблемима по питању одржања животне средине, те промоција демократских еко-социјалних рјешења и одрживог развоја. Кориштена је комбинација квалитативно-квантитативних метода (триангулација), с обзиром на квалитативни карактер претпоставки и квантитативне податке секундарног типа, прикупљене из (над)националних истраживачких извора (научних часописа, организација, институција и сл.). Поред анализе, синтезе, дедукције и индукције, кориштени су статистички (преко секундарних података) и историјско-компаративни метод, као и студија случаја. Резултати су остварени циљеви.
Transcriptome-wide identification of 5-methylcytosine by deaminase and reader protein-assisted sequencing
Authors: Zhou Jiale , Zhao Ding , Li Jinze , Kong Deqiang , Li Xiangrui , Zhang Renquan , Liang Yuru , Gao Xun , Qian Yuqiang , Wang Di , Chen Jiahui , Lai Liangxue , Han Yang , Li Zhanjun
Published: June 2024

5-Methylcytosine (m
5
C) is one of the major post-transcriptional modifications in mRNA and is highly involved in the pathogenesis of various diseases. However, the capacity of existing assays for accurately and comprehensively transcriptome-wide m
5
C mapping still needs improvement. Here, we develop a detection method named DRAM (deaminase and reader protein assisted RNA methylation analysis), in which deaminases (APOBEC1 and TadA-8e) are fused with m
5
C reader proteins (ALYREF and YBX1) to identify the m
5
C sites through deamination events neighboring the methylation sites. This antibody-free and bisulfite-free approach provides transcriptome-wide editing regions which are highly overlapped with the publicly available BS-seq datasets and allows for a more stable and comprehensive identification of the m
5
C loci. In addition, DRAM system even supports ultra-low input RNA (10ng). We anticipate that the DRAM system could pave the way for uncovering further biological functions of m
5
C modifications.
CEO Power and Firm Value: Affirmative Action Implications
Authors: Wijayanto Wahyu , Giriati  , Wendy  , Malini Helma
Published: June 2024

Objective: This research aims to reveal the critical role of CEO leadership and affirmative action policies, particularly those related to gender equality, in enhancing firm value.
Research Design: This study employs a quantitative design by analyzing secondary data from the ESG Intelligence Dataset and publications of the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2017 to 2021.
Population and Sample: The population of this research comprises non-financial companies listed in the Kompas 100 Index in Indonesia. The sample was selected using a purposive sampling method, yielding 42 companies per year, resulting in a total of 210 observations.
Methodology: The data were analyzed using multiple regression analysis to examine the influence of CEO power and affirmative action on firm value.
Findings: The research findings indicate that CEO leadership has a positive and significant impact on firm value. Affirmative action policies related to gender equality also play a positive role in strengthening the effect of CEO leadership on firm value.
Conclusion: This research provides in-depth understanding and offers an innovative perspective for companies to optimize the role of CEOs and affirmative action policies to enhance long-term firm value. The primary recommendation is that companies should consider implementing affirmative action policies, especially those related to gender equality, to help align the interests of stakeholders and improve corporate governance.
Entomophthorales Fungi Parasitizing Sucking Insects in Egypt
Authors: Sewify Gamal H. , Nada Maha S. , Bilgrami Anwar L.
Published: June 2024

Entomophthorales are insect pathogenic fungi significant biological control potentials due to their high insect toxicity. This review focuses on the survey and morphological descriptions of entomophthoralean species attacking insect pests in Egypt. Until now 10 species of Entomophthorales fungi, belonging to three families (Entomophthoraceae, Neozygitaceae and Ancylistaceace) have been reported to suck insects as their hosts. These fungi are widely distributed in various climatic conditions in several Governorates, representing Lower and Upper Egypt. The fungi are the only pathogens that regularly and effectively control sucking insect populations in the natural ecosystems and agroecosystems. The present review emphasizes more studies and isolations of Entomophthorales species by using modern identification techniques so that their epidemiology and control potentials can be predicated on their role against insect pests under variable climatic conditions in Egypt. The possible relationship between population densities of sucking insect pests and Entomophthorales can be further studied to explore their effective applications under variable climatic conditions in the country.
Common Fixed-Point Theorem for Expansive Mappings in Dualistic Partial Metric Spaces
Authors: Verma Shiva , Gourh Rahul , Ughade Manoj , Yadav Sheetal
Published: June 2024

O'Neill [1] introduces the concept of dualistic partial metric space. In this study, we prove some common fixed-point theorems for dualistic expanding mappings defined on a dualistic partial metric space. Some famous conclusions of [2] and [3] are extended and generalized by our result. Additionally, we offer an example that demonstrates the value of these dualistic expanding mappings.
1912: A turning point on Einstein's way to general relativity
Authors: Blum A.S. , Renn Jürgen , Salisbury Donald C. , Schemmel Matthias , Sundermeyer Kurt
Published: December 2011

On his way to general relativity, Einstein used the equivalence principle to formulate a theory of the static gravitational field. In this context he introduced an approximate coordinate transformation to an accelerated frame which turns out to be closely related to Rindler coordinates, widely used in modern general relativity. This work, published in the Annalen, led him directly to interpret gravitation in terms of spacetime curvature.
Designing polymeric films having specific metallic luster
Authors: Gohil Ramesh M.
Published: December 2011

The roles of blend composition and process parameters on the metallic luster of extruded polymer films and spray‐coated samples have been investigated. The metallic luster is determined by the orientation of platy metallic particles which is determined from X‐ray intensity ratio (XIR) of the (200) and (111) planes of the aluminum crystal lattice. The metallic luster is an optical property that is measured by the flop values derived from light scattering measurements. The XIR and flop are useful for monitoring the effect of changes in blend composition and process parameters. Addition of different shaped particles has a different effect on the orientation of aluminum flakes. It is shown that aluminum platy particles orient only when they are first dispersed in an appropriate dispersing polymer. A methodology is developed for matching the metallic luster of both spray‐coated and extruded polymer resin formulations by coupling XIR data with the flop values. This methodology is shown to be useful for optimizing the process conditions and composition of polymeric blends containing aluminum flakes needed to achieve the required metallic appearance in polymer films and articles. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Preparation and properties of poly(tetrafluoroethylene)/calcium carbonate hybrid porous membranes
Authors: Huang Qinglin , Xiao Changfa , Hu Xiaoyu
Published: December 2011

Poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE)/calcium carbonate (CaCO3) hybrid porous membranes were prepared from a mixture of PTFE emulsion and nanoscale CaCO3 particles by using polyvinyl alcohol as the fiber forming polymer. The interfacial microvoids (IFMs) were obtained owing to the different mechanical properties of PTFE and CaCO3. Effects of CaCO3 contents and membrane draw ratios on membranes structure and properties were investigated. Results showed that: (1) as the CaCO3 content increase, the membrane hydrophobicity improved owing to the increasing of membranes surface roughness, (2) the membrane porosity and pure water flux increased as the CaCO3 content and membrane draw ratios increasing. By the membrane morphology configuration with scanning electron microscopy, it was found that the IFMs quantity and pore size improved obviously with the draw ratios increasing. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Systematic review of intraoperative cholangiography in cholecystectomy
Authors: Ford J A , Soop M , Du J , Loveday B P T , Rodgers M
Published: December 2011

Background

Intraoperative cholangiography (IOC) is used to detect choledocholithiasis and identify or prevent bile duct injury. The aim of this study was systematically to review the randomized clinical trials of IOC for these two indications.

Methods

MEDLINE, Embase, the Cochrane Library, clinicaltrials.gov and the World Health Organization database of clinical trials were searched systematically (January 1980 to February 2011) to identify trials. Two authors performed the literature search and extracted data independently. Primary endpoints were bile duct injury and retained common bile duct (CBD) stones diagnosed at any stage after surgery. Preliminary meta-analysis was undertaken, but the trials were too methodologically heterogeneous and the outcome events too infrequent to allow meaningful meta-analysis.

Results

Eight randomized trials were identified including 1715 patients. Six trials assessed the value of routine IOC in patients at low risk of choledocholithiasis. Two trials randomized all patients (including those at high risk) to routine or selective IOC. Two cases of major bile duct injury were reported, and 13 of retained CBD stones. No trial demonstrated a benefit in detecting CBD stones. IOC added a mean of 16 min to the total operating time.

Conclusion

There is no robust evidence to support or abandon the use of IOC to prevent retained CBD stones or bile duct injury. Level 1 evidence for IOC is of poor to moderate quality. None of the trials, alone or in combination, was sufficiently powered to demonstrate a benefit of IOC. Further small trials cannot be recommended.
Axillary recurrence rate 5 years after negative sentinel node biopsy for breast cancer
Authors: Andersson Y , de Boniface J , Jönsson P-E , Ingvar C , Liljegren G , Bergkvist L , Frisell J
Published: December 2011

Background

Sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy has replaced axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) as the standard axillary staging procedure in breast cancer. Follow-up studies in SLN-negative women treated without ALND report low rates of axillary recurrence, but most studies have short follow-up, and few are multicentre studies.

Methods

Between September 2000 and January 2004, patients who were SLN-negative and did not have ALND were included in a prospective cohort. Kaplan-Meier estimates were used to analyse the rates of axillary recurrence and survival. The risk of axillary recurrence was also compared in centres with high and low experience with the SLN biopsy (SLNB) technique.

Results

A total of 2195 patients with 2216 breast tumours were followed for a median of 65 months. Isolated axillary recurrence was diagnosed in 1·0 per cent of patients. The event-free 5-year survival rate was 88·8 per cent and the overall 5-year survival rate 93·1 per cent. There was no difference in recurrence rates between centres contributing fewer than 150 SLNB procedures to the cohort and centres contributing 150 or more procedures.

Conclusion

This study confirmed the low risk of axillary recurrence 5 years after SLNB for breast cancer without ALND.
First chemoenzymatic synthesis of (+)‐2‐carboxypyrrolidine‐3‐acetic acid, the nucleus of kainoid amino acids
Authors: Felluga Fulvia , Forzato Cristina , Nitti Patrizia , Pitacco Giuliana , Ghelfi Franco , Valentin Ennio
Published: December 2011

The distinctive nucleus of kainoid amino acids, (2S,3R)‐(+)‐2‐carboxypyrrolidine‐3‐acetic acid 6, was synthesized by a chemoenzymatic process, exploiting the diastereomeric cis/trans methyl pyroglutamate derivatives 10a, 10b, 10c/11a, 11b, 11c as key intermediates. These mixtures, when subjected to a kinetic resolution mediated by α‐chymotrypsin, reacted diastereo‐, regio‐, and enantioselectively to give the trans derivatives (+)‐10a, 10b, 10c possessing the correct (2S,3R) configuration. Subsequently, the desired product (2S,3R)‐(+)‐6 could be obtained after well‐established transformations. Chirality, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.