bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reflexiones sobre el conocimiento jurídico
Authors: Rodríguez Garduño Rogelio Zacarias
Published: January 2020

El presente trabajo tiene como propósito, brindar al lector un panorama claro sobre lo que es el conocimiento en general así como del conocimiento jurídico en lo particular, para dar paso a la utilidad que tiene el conocimiento jurídico en la vida diaria. Por lo tanto, a lo largo de las presentes disertaciones, me planteo como objetivo fundamental, tratar de explicar la forma en que se ha pensado con respecto a la utilidad del conocimiento de lo jurídico, mediante la reflexión de los siguientes cuestionamientos: ¿en qué momento se ha estudiado con profundidad el conocimiento jurídico? y ¿cuándo ha sido con superficialidad?
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN VITAMIN E TERHADAP KADAR PROSTAGLANDIN (PGF2α) DAN TNF α PADA PENDERITA DISMENOREA
Authors: Rishel Rika Astria
Published: January 2020

Pemberian vitamin E pada wanita yang mengalami dismenorea dapat secara langsung menekan kadar ROS dan dapat memperbaiki struktur memberan sel yang rusak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan pengaruh pemberian vitamin E terhadap kadar Prostaglandin dan TNF-α pada penderita dismenorea. Penelitian ini merupakan  quasi eksperimental dengan desain penelitian Pre andPost Test Only Group Designyang menggunakan 22orang wanita yang mengalami dismenorea primer yang derajat 4-6. Pengambilan sampel dengan simple random sampling. Pemeriksaan kadar prostaglandin dan TNF-α dilakukan di UPTD Balai Laboratorium Kesehatan Provinsi Sumatra barat dengan metode ELISA.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rerata kadar prostaglandin sebelum pemberian Vitamin E yaitu 205,5 ± 143,3 pg/ml, sedangkan setelah pemberian yaitu 124,8 ± 59,0 pg/ml(p<0,05). Rerata kadar TNF-α sebelum pemberian Vitamin E yaitu 207,2 ± 132,0 ng/l, sedangkan setelah pemberian yaitu 125,9 ± 35,7 ng/ll .Pada analisa data didapatkan kadar prostaglandin dan TNF-α p < 0,05. Kesimpulan penelitian ini ada pengaruh pemberian vitamin E terhadap kadar Prostaglandin dan TNF-α pada penderita dismenorea

 

Kata kunci       :Dismenorea, Prostaglandin, TNF-α
Biodegradasi Senyawa Toksik Naftalena Pencemar Lingkungan Menggunakan Isolat Fungi Indigen Provinsi Riau
Authors: Novianty Riryn
Published: January 2020

Napthalene is two ring aromatic of a group Polycylic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) that is one priority pollutans established in nature which can cause carcinogenic. The aim of this study  is determine the effectiveness of three isolates of indigenous fungi from Riau Province to degrade naphthalene. The growth and the ability of isolates to degrade naphthalene were examined into liquid MM (Minimal Medium) containing 0.2 mM naphthalene for 16 days incubation.The potential of fungi isolates during the degradation process was influenced by several parameters, including biomass, pH and the percentage of degradation which was measured at 0, 4, 8, 12 and 16 days of incubation. The results showed that the three isolates could use the naphthalene substrate as an energy source. The three isolates can degraded naphthalene each 51.28% oleh Aspergillus sp. LBKURCC151, 55.13% oleh Aspergillus sp. LBKURCC152 dan 48.72% oleh Penicillium sp. LBKURCC153. LBKURCC152. In conclusion, Aspergillus sp. LBKURCC152 is the best isolate for naphthalene degradation in this research
Get the Most from Your Survey: An Application of Rasch Analysis for Education Leaders
Authors: Bailes Lauren P. , Nandakumar Ratna
Published: January 2020

High-quality measurement tools are critical to school improvement efforts. Education researchers frequently employ surveys in order to assess a host of variables associated with school improvement. This article asserts that Rasch modeling techniques enhance the quality of a measurement tool because they comprise elements of both qualitative and quantitative research approaches, and because Rasch modeling corrects the erroneous conclusions that result from the errors associated with ordinal response scale data. This article illustrates, with specific attention to the needs of education leaders and researchers, how the Rasch measurement model gauges the usefulness of survey instruments. This study illustrates the benefits of Rasch modeling using the scale that measures teacher external political efficacy (TEPE). Findings show that a set of four items captures this domain well.
O Tribunal de Segurança Nacional e a sua atuação no Brasil dos anos 1930 e 1940
Authors: Pinto Julia Kertesz Renault
Published: January 2020

RESUMOO presente artigo trata da atuação do Tribunal de Segurança Nacional, como Corte de exceção, entre os anos de 1936 e 1945. Estritamente vinculado à política militar anticomunista do Estado Novo (1937-1945), o TSN foi criado e elaborado a partir de leis de segurança nacional, que viriam a ser, durante a Ditadura Militar, uma das principais armas da repressão.PALAVRAS-CHAVEHistória do Direito. Tribunal de Segurança Nacional. Getúlio Vargas. Estado Novo. ABSTRACTThe present paper analyses the role of the Court of   National Security, as a Court of exception, between the years of 1936 and 1945. Strictly connected to the military anti-communist policy of the Estado Novo (1937-1945), the Court of National Security was created and elaborated through the Laws of National Security, which would become, during the Military Dictatorship, one of the main weapons of the repression.KEYWORDSLegal history. Court of National Security. Getúlio Vargas. Estado Novo.
O legislador entre “felicidade pública” e “máxima felicidade”: contribuição à história da filosofia jurídica às vésperas da era dos direitos
Authors: Castro Alexander Rodrigues de
Published: January 2020

RESUMOO presente trabalho é um estudo de história intelectual do direito e tem como objetivo descrever a evolução de alguns tópicos do pensamento jurídico-político setecentista. Na teoria política pró-absolutista do século XVIII, um dos tópicos mais importantes foi a figura do legislador, que aparece já no começo do século no âmbito do discurso da felicidade pública. Posteriormente, o tema volta a ser elaborado pela incipiente filosofia utilitarista que se desenvolvia ainda dentro do iluminismo com Claude-Adrien Helvétius e Cesare Beccaria. De tal forma, o tema do legislador contribuiu de forma decisiva para a transição à segunda modernidade no âmbito do pensamento jurídico, fundamentando a hegemonia da lei sobre as outras fontes de direito e facilitando a emergência dos direitos – direitos humanos, direitos fundamentais, direitos da personalidade – como centro da ordem jurídica. Procuramos seguir este itinerário, demonstrando como a questão do legislador e os temas a ele conectados vão sendo reelaborados ao longo do desenvolvimento do pensamento político setecentista. Demonstramos, assim, que no âmbito de uma fundamentação teórica do absolutismo monárquico, que se inicia com a metamorfose na compreensão do papel da coroa com relação à sociedade, o tema do legislador converte-se em pedra angular de algumas importantes tendências do pensamento jurídico moderno. Utilizamos os métodos propostos pela história conceitual.PALAVRAS-CHAVEHistória do pensamento jurídico. Legislador. Utilitarismo. Máxima felicidade. ABSTRACTThe present work is a study on the intellectual history of law and aims to describe the evolution of some topics of eighteenth-century legal-political thinking. In the eighteenth-century pro-absolutist political theory, one of the most important subjects of debate was the legislator, which appears already at the beginning of the century in the “public happiness” discourse. Subsequently, it continued to be discussed by the incipient utilitarian philosophy that started being developed within the Enlightenment with Claude-Adrien Helvétius and Cesare Beccaria. The debate on the legislator contributed decisively to the transition to the second modernity in the field of legal thought, laying the foundations for the hegemony of statutory law over other sources of law and facilitating the emergence of rights – human rights, fundamental rights, personality rights – as the center of the legal order. We seek to follow this itinerary, demonstrating how the legislator question evolved throughout the eighteenth-century political thought. We thus intend to demonstrate that within the framework of a theoretical justification for monarchical absolutism, the legislator subject became the cornerstone of some important trends in modern legal thought. We use the methods proposed by conceptual history.KEYWORDSHistory of legal thought. Legislator. Utilitarianism. Greatest happiness.
FÁBRICA DE MONSTROS: O “CUIDADO DE SI” EM QUESTÃO
Authors: Oliveira Bianca Damasceno , Coelho Filho Carlos Alberto De Andrade
Published: January 2020

O objetivo deste estudo é desvelar elementos que contribuam para a formação do pensamento crítico associado ao processo de sujeição aos modelos idealizados de corpo. Os discursos produzidos em dez vídeos no canal do YouTube denominado Fábrica de Monstros foram transcritos. Para tratamento dos dados coletados, utilizamos a “análise de conteúdo”. Num movimento complexo que implica hoje considerar, dentre outras variáveis, a participação da grande mídia, das mídias sociais e de canais como o que é objeto desta pesquisa, mas também a da Educação Física que, sob influência da medicina, alimenta o imaginário social associado a medidas físico-objetivas erigidas como ideais, é possível verificar que o indivíduo é influenciado a investir energia na aparência física, quiçá mesmo em detrimento de um autocuidado mais abrangente, vinculado aos diferentes elementos que o constituem como sujeito. Os dados analisados desvelam a heteronomia de corpos dóceis.
MUJER, NIÑOS Y VARIABLES PSICOSOCIALES EN EL FÚTBOL ESPAÑOL. UNA REVISIÓN BIBLIOGRÁFICA DE LOS AÑOS 2015-2019
Authors: Sanmiguel-Rodríguez Alberto , Arufe Giráldez Víctor
Published: January 2020

O futebol é um fenômeno sociocultural que chama a atenção de grande parte da população. O objetivo deste trabalho é fazer uma revisão da literatura científica dos últimos cinco anos que aborda o campo do futebol espanhol, selecionando para análise de conteúdo apenas artigos relacionados à participação de mulheres, crianças e aqueles que abordam variáveis psicossociais. Foi realizada uma revisão exaustiva na qual foram encontrados 212 documentos, reduzidos a 54 manuscritos que atendiam aos critérios previamente estabelecidos. Como conclusão, um pequeno número de publicações sobre mulheres e futebol é detectado. Os artigos sobre futebol e crianças incluem os benefícios dessa prática para o desenvolvimento fisiológico, físico e de saúde. Por fim, conclui-se que as variáveis psicossociais mais estudadas no futebol foram motivação, autoeficácia,
Vulnerability Identification on GNU/Linux Operating Systems through Case-Based Reasoning
Authors: Santos Douglas , Campos Nobre Jéferson
Published: January 2020

Operating system security has been steadily evolving over the years. Several mechanisms, softwares and guides of best practices of configuration have been developed to contribute with the security of such systems. The process that makes an operating system safer by considering the default level obtained at the installation is known as hardening. Experience and technical knowledge are important attributes for the professional performing this process. In this context, automated rule-based tools are often used to assist professionals with little experience in vulnerability identification activities. However, the use of rules establishes a dependency on developers for the development of new rules as well as to keep them updated. Failure to update rules can significantly compromise the integrity of vulnerability identification results. In this paper, the Case-Based Reasoning (CBR) technique is used to improve tools that assist inexperienced professionals in conducting vulnerability identification activities. The purpose of using CBR is to make inexperienced professionals obtain similar results as experienced professionals. In addition, the dependence on rule developers is diminished. A prototype was developed considering the GNU/Linux system in order to carry out an experimental evaluation. This evaluation demonstrated that the application of CBR improves the performance of inexperienced professionals in terms of the number of identified vulnerabilities.
Group Labeling Methodology Using Distance-based Data Grouping Algorithms
Authors: Filho Francisco Imperes , Machado Vinicius Ponte , Veras Rodrigo De Melo Souza , Aires Kelson Romulo Teixeira , Montenegro Leal Silva Aline
Published: January 2020

Clustering algorithms are often used to form groups based on the similarity of their members. In this context, understanding a group is just as important as its composition. Identifying, or labeling groups can assist with their interpretation and, consequently, guide decision-making efforts by taking into account the features from each group. Interpreting groups can be beneficial when it is necessary to know what makes an element a part of a given group, what are the main features of a group, and what are the differences and similarities among them. This work describes a method for finding relevant features and generate labels for the elements of each group, uniquely identifying them. This way, our approach solves the problem of finding relevant definitions that can identify groups. The proposed method transforms the standard output of an unsupervised distance-based clustering algorithm into a Pertinence Degree (GP), where each element of the database receives a GP concerning each formed group. The elements with their GPs are used to formulate ranges of values for their attributes. Such ranges can identify the groups uniquely. The labels produced by this approach averaged 94.83% of correct answers for the analyzed databases, allowing a natural interpretation of the generated definitions.
Reabilitação oclusal por meio da prótese parcial removível provisória tipo overlay: relato de caso
Authors: Leite Karolina Morais , Leal Lázara Isabel Vieira , Carrijo Mônica Oliveira , Coelho Uriel Paulo , Simamoto Júnior Paulo Cézar , Cabral Luana Cardoso
Published: January 2020

A perda acentuada da estrutura dental pode causar diminuição da dimensão vertical de oclusão (DVO). Diversos procedimentos são indicados para o restabelecimento da DVO, e durante a conduta inicial, a prótese parcial provisória tipo overlay pode ser utilizada. Objetivo: relatar o restabelecimento da DVO diminuída por meio da prótese tipo overlay no arco superior, prótese parcial removível provisória e restaurações em resina composta no arco inferior. Caso clínico: paciente, gênero masculino, 54 anos, apresentou-se na Clínica de Reabilitação Oral da Faculdade de Odontologia Morgana Potrich (Mineiros – GO, Brasil), queixando-se da deficiência estética e funcional que acometia os elementos dentais. No exame extra-oral observou-se sulcos nasolabiais profundos, depressão da comissura labial e a mandíbula projetada anteriormente. Durante o exame intra-oral notou-se mordida topo a topo e desgaste acentuado nos elementos dentários superiores e inferiores além de regiões com ausências dentárias. Desta forma, foi proposto a reabilitação inicial por meio da overlay no arco superior, prótese parcial removível provisória e restaurações diretas no arco inferior. A moldagem funcional e obtenção dos modelos foram realizados. Para mensurar a DVO e montar os modelos em articulador semi-ajustável, as técnicas métrica e fonética foram associadas. Após acrilização, as próteses foram instaladas e posteriormente os dentes anteriores inferiores restaurados. Conclusões: o uso da prótese tipo overlay, auxilia no restabelecimento inicial da DVO. Além disso, a associação desse procedimento juntamente com restaurações diretas e prótese parcial removível provisória restabeleceu estética, função e conforto.
Reabilitação funcional e estética de paciente com dentição desgastada: uma abordagem minimamente invasiva
Authors: Kiguti Juliana Keiko Prado , Heise Gisele , Osternack Fernando Ruppel , Rezende Carlos Eduardo Edwards
Published: January 2020

Introdução: O desgaste generalizado dos dentes pode levar à deterioração do plano oclusal levando a um comprometimento estético-funcional dos dentes e a quadros complexos de reabilitação oral. Caso Clínico: Paciente SSS, homem, 62 anos, saúde sistêmica estável, dentado total, com sinais clínicos de desgaste dental generalizado por atrição. Foi confeccionada uma placa (overlay) estabilizadora para aumentar a DVO do paciente, gerando o espaço necessário para a reconstrução das estruturas perdidas. Posteriormente foram restaurados com resina composta direta todos os elementos do arco inferior, bem como os elementos 11; 12; 13; 14; 21; 22; 23 e 24 no arco superior. Desta forma se reestabeleceu, forma, função e estética dos elementos restaurados com uma abordagem conservadora e de baixo custo. Um dispositivo interoclusal foi confeccionado a fim de evitar a degradação dos dentes restaurados. Conclusão: Esse caso demonstrou um tratamento restaurador minimamente invasivo com a utilização de restaurações diretas em resina composta, o qual pode ser considerado como uma alternativa para a reconstrução de dentição desgastada por atrição, apresentando excelente resultado em curto prazo.
Tratamento conservador em ceratocístico odontogênico utilizando um dispositivo intra-ósseo: relato de caso
Authors: Pinheiro Juliana Campos , Moreira Júnior Luiz Carlos , Silva Luis Felipe Barbosa da , Souza Júlio Holanda Alves de , Silva Gabriel Gomes da , Leite Rafaella Bastos
Published: January 2020

O ceratocisto odontogênico (CO) classificado pela Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) como uma lesão cística de desenvolvimento benigna, se destaca entre as demais lesões odontogênicas em virtude do comportamento biológico potencialmente agressivo, com tendência a recorrências. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo, relatar um caso CO em mandíbula, bem como discutir aspectos relacionados aos achados radiográficos e tipos de tratamentos dessa lesão. Paciente do sexo masculino, leucoderma, exibia uma lesão circunscrita, e consistência endurecida, com duração de 06 meses, medindo aproximadamente 1,0 cm de extensão em região posterior de mandibula esquerda. Sob a hipótese clínica de cisto radicular, foi realizada biópsia incisional. Com base no diagnóstico definitivo de CO após realização do exame histopalógico, foi realizada a remoção dentária e colocado um dispositivo intra-ósseo para que houvesse a descompressão do CO. Após 01 ano de proservação, não foram constatadas evidências de recidiva, sendo observadas regressão total da lesão. Os achados do presente caso ressaltam a importância do correto diagnóstico e enaltece a importância de um exame clínico minucioso da cavidade oral.
A Ucrânia independente após o fim da Guerra Fria: uma análise geopolítica (1991-2010)
Authors: Poty Italo Barreto
Published: January 2020

Este artigo visa a analisar a trajetória da Ucrânia independente entre os anos de 1991 e 2013, a partir de uma análise histórica e geopolítica com base em revisão da literatura. Primeiramente, serão examinados os fundamentos teóricos da geopolítica norte-americana, o fim da União Soviética e o processo de independência da Ucrânia. O objeto central do artigo é a disputa por influência na Ucrânia, devido à sua importância geopolítica na Eurásia, que vem ocorrendo desde o fim da Guerra Fria: por um lado, a expansão da influência dos Estados Unidos para o espaço pós-soviético desde o fim da URSS através da OTAN e das Revoluções Coloridas, como a Revolução Laranja na Ucrânia; por outro, o ressurgimento da Rússia como potência regional a partir do início do século XXI, voltando a ter capacidade de projetar influência no seu entorno. Isso se deu por meio da dependência energética europeia, em relação à qual a Ucrânia tem um papel fundamental, e da guerra, no caso da Geórgia, em 2008. Tal disputa externa por influência acirrou a divisão interna existente no país, cujas regiões leste e sul têm uma relação mais próxima coma Rússia, enquanto o oeste é mais ligado à Europa, e culminou na crise deflagrada em 2013.
O Conflito Tâmil no Sri Lanka: Paz Após 10 Anos da Vitória Militar?
Authors: Rosas Duarte Geraldine , Souza Matheus De Abreu Costa
Published: January 2020

Entre 1983 e 2009, o Sri Lanka presenciou um intenso conflito separatista envolvendo as forças armadas do governo e o grupo étnico tâmil, representados pelos Tigres de Libertação da Pátria Tâmil (LTTE). O conflito foi terminado forçadamente em 2009, após o sucesso de uma ofensiva militar lançada pelo governo, e, assim, nenhum acordo de paz foi assinado para selar a paz entre as partes. Desse modo, pretende-se elaborar uma análise conjuntural que discute os impactos da vitória militar para se pensar a relação atual entre o governo cingalês e a minoria étnica tâmil.
O COMPLEXO REGIONAL DE SEGURANÇA DA AMÉRICA DO SUL: UMA ANÁLISE A PARTIR DO CONSELHO DE DEFESA SUL-AMERICANO DA UNASUL
Authors: Cadoná Marco André , Oliveira Carolina De
Published: January 2020

This article is the result of an investigation into the model of Regional SecurityComplex (RSC model in South America, especially since the creation of the SouthAmerican Defense Council (SDC), within UNASUR - Union of South AmericanNations. From a theoretical discussion on the Regional Security Complexes, it isargued that the recent South American experience affirmed an “extra type” model,since in its dynamics it is not identified a regional power that acts in a global leveldespite Brazilian’s greater economic expression in regional and international arena.
UK POLICY OPTIONS AND THE SOUTH ATLANTIC
Authors: Robson Martin
Published: January 2020

This article utilises International Relations role theory to analyse a number of potential roles for the United Kingdom as an actor with vested interests in the South Atlantic. It assesses the contemporary context of the UK’s trading relationship with the South Atlantic in light of the ongoing dialogue between the EU and the UK with regard to BREXIT. It also recognises the strategic realities of the South Atlantic and the UK’s Overseas Territories in the region. It posits that the UK, as a strategic actor in the South Atlantic, is limited in its role choices and that the role of ‘Opportunistic Partner’ in terms of its relationship with Argentina, offers the most scope as the basis for future mutually beneficial trading relations to normalise further political relations between the two countries.
CHANGING ENERGY GEOPOLITICS: WHAT IS THE ROLE OF SUSTAINABILITY IN THE GLOBAL ENERGY GEOPOLITICS?
Authors: Mousinho Maria Cândida Arrais de Miranda , Torres Ednildo Andrade , Vieira de Melo Silvio Alexandre Beisl , Kumar Nanda
Published: January 2020

The act of dominating energy resources undoubtedly permeates the conquest of territories and their respective societies. Energy and geopolitics have always walked conjointly in the process of economic and social development in which societies have been based over the time. The multiplicity of issues that geopolitics gathered helped broaden the spectrum of analysis of geopolitical turning it more complex. This paper has the main objective to contribute for a discussion about the transition from the geopolitics based on the physical space to the geopolitics based on sustainability in which renewable energy has consolidated in the international scenario.  The final considerations highlight the quest for energy security requires more than the quest for energy self-sufficiency itself. In addition, the sustainable paradigm introduced in the geopolitics of energy new challenges as the insertion of renewable energy in a context dominated by traditional sources of energy that provokes a reflection on how the challenges related to geopolitics will be dealt with. In that way, China and India appears as a global players. The choice of cooperative dialogues appears as an essential element in the balance of the energy system.
POLÍTICA EXTERNA, POLÍTICA DE DEFESA E MODELO DE DESENVOLVIMENTO NO BRASIL: DO ESTADO DESENVOLVIMENTISTA AO ESTADO LOGÍSTICO (1930-2017)
Authors: Martins José Miguel Quedi , Nunes Raul Cavedon
Published: January 2020

This article presents an analysis of the relationship between Brazil’s foreign policy,defense policy and development model in a historical perspective. A paradigmaticapproach is used, trying to identify the phases of the Brazilian Grand Strategy thatcross the limits of the presidential terms, being also linked to international political,economic and military constraints. The period covered begins in the 1930s, withthe rise of the Developmental State, addresses the 1980s turning point (Normal/Neoliberal State), and examines the defense investment’s rise and crisis of the 2000sand 2010s (Logistic State).
LUSOFONIA ARRISCA-SE A SER UMA HERANÇA SEM FUTURO
Authors: Leandro Francisco J. B. S.
Published: January 2020

The discourse regarding the value of the strategic space of Lusophony has beencentered in the debate around the Portuguese language. The main goal of this articlelies precisely in the study of one of the characteristics that provide geopolitical unity,the position in the “Lusophone Sea” associated with the intercontinental territorialdiscontinuity of Lusophony, based on the Chinese initiative “One Belt, One Road”(B&R), presented in 2013, by the Chinese President Xi Jinping. In fact, the B&Rinitiative has re-launched the need to study the CPLP’s geopolitics, particularly fromthe South Atlantic center of gravity. It is time to think of the CPLP (Community ofPortuguese Language Countries) as a quasi-global network space, capable of effectivelysharing interests, and this must be done, also taking into account, a certain will togenerate a geopolitical unity.
DESANCORAGEM E ABALROAMENTO: TRAJETÓRIAS RECENTES DA SEMIPERIFERIA NO SISTEMA-MUNDO
Authors: Vieira Maíra Baé Baladão
Published: January 2020

The concept of semiperiphery is considered by many authors as the most important contribution of Immanuel Wallerstein’s work. Since its definition in the 1970s, strenuous attempts have been made to define a geographical dimension. This article seeks to retake the relevance of the semiperiphery to the understanding of contemporary international circumstances. Its operation allows global data to be aggregated, offering a factual and updated cut of the most diverse economic and political facets that make up the World-System. To define which countries make up the semiperiphery in the present time, one of the attempts is replicated and an update of the listing is presented. In the end, some examples of instrumentation of the concept are presented, based on selected indicators.
TURKISH IMAGE IN THE WEST DURING THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE: HISTORICAL FACTS AND PRESENT DAY CONNOTATIONS
Authors: Evler Ali , Toplu Mehmet
Published: January 2020

Throughout history there have been opposing forces, one of which is the conflict between ‘West and East’ as Huntington claims. One of the earliest, major competitions, in this matter, has been the one with Ottoman Empire, representing Islam and European countries, followers of Christianity. These forces have been clashing in the form of several means and for reasons to predominate each other if they can achieve it at all. How has such a ‘clash’ begun between civilizations and what is the present status of it between Turkey and Western countries? This study aims at highlighting the background from a historical point of view beginning with the capture of Jerusalem by Ottoman Turks and how Turkish Image is created and portrayed in Early English Plays in relation to the rise and fall of Ottoman Empire as depicted in The Sultan Speaks by Linda McJannet. Since the core of the Ottoman Empire is modern Turkey today, the recent changes in their image on the way to full membership to the EU as well as to ‘interreligious/intercultural dialog’ in an attempt to bring peace to both parties in question for a sustainable and amicable future. It is concluded that there are still concerns between the global signatories. It will take some more time and effort to mature the thinking that they could live harmoniously developing their countries economically and their democracies for a mutual understanding.Key Words: Turkish Image, Early Modern Plays, Ottoman Empire, Islam, Turks.
O PAPEL DA COOPERAÇÃO HUMANITÁRIA NA POLÍTICA EXTERNA BRASILEIRA COMO ESTRATÉGIA DE SOFT POWER (2003-2016)
Authors: Mello Valença Marcelo , Bizzo Affonso Luiza
Published: January 2020

Humanitarian cooperation initiatives were central to Brazilian Foreign Policy in the two first decades of the 21st century. Based on national initiatives considered successful, these programs have been used as tools for the country’s projection to achieve an international leadership role. This article explores the role of humanitarian cooperation in Brazilian foreign policy in order to show that, although it was not the only policy developed, it evidenced Brazilian soft power and allowed the country to achieve prominence and place its interests on international agendas.
MODERNIZAÇÃO ARMAMENTISTA NA AMÉRICA DO SUL: PRESSÕES EMPÍRICAS E TEÓRICAS SOBRE AS VISÕES DUALISTAS DE SEGURANÇA REGIONAL
Authors: Duarte Villa Rafael
Published: January 2020

Research that focuses on security systems in South America usually identifies the existence of two regional security subsystems: one in the Andean countries of the North, with more traditional characteristics such as militarized tensions at the borders and intense drug trafficking problems; and a second one located in the Southern Cone, with security and integration regimes, which could qualify as a security community. This is what we call a dualistic view of security. This paper challenges this thesis to show that contemporary developments and concerns about the purchase of sophisticated weaponry by some South American countries, especially Chile, Venezuela, and Brazil in the first two decades of this century are critical points for the idea of a permanent (democratic) peace zone located only in the Southern Cone. In fact, arms purchases transform the South American region into a single regional security complex with tensions and militarized representations in both the Andean system and the Southern Cone.
RÚSSIA, CHINA E A COREIA DO SUL NO MERCADO DE DEFESA SUL-AMERICANO
Authors: Borges Gama Neto Ricardo
Published: January 2020

The article tries to discuss if the impact of the political changes, which occurred in South America from the first decade of the century, influenced the purchase of military equipment by some countries of the region. The emergence of new governments, with a strong left leaning, occurred concurrently with a clear change in the classic pattern of buying defense equipment. European countries and the US have come to be preferred, as opposed to Russia and China, as suppliers of arms to the various South American armed forces.
UNPACKING NIGERIA’S PEACE EFFORTS DURING THE SECOND CYCLE OF THE LIBERIAN CONFLICT
Authors: Oshewolo Segun
Published: January 2020

Although peace operations have been a major instrument of Nigeria’s foreign policy continentally and globally, this study analyzed the country’s peace campaigns in Liberia under president Olusegun Obasanjo. The paper observed inter alia that Obasanjo’s peace efforts in Liberia were influenced by his recognition of Nigeria as a leading actor in the stabilization efforts in the region. While there were some encumbrances, Nigeria’s peace campaigns in Liberia were successful as revealed by the data sources. Nigeria’s major accomplishments included the eventual signing of a comprehensive peace agreement in 2003 that brought an end to the carnage in the country, offer of asylum to Taylor, and the 2005 post-conflict elections. These accomplishments could be attributed to President Obasanjo’s gravitas and Nigeria’s well-oiled diplomatic machinery in the West African sub-region. To arrive at this conclusion, the paper adopted the secondary data sources and interview technique for the purpose of data collection, and descriptive thematic analysis.
Matched Filter Based Spectrum Sensing Technique for 4G Cellular Network
Authors: Kalhoro Shadab , Umrani Fahim Aziz , Khanzada Mustahsan , Rahoo Liaquat Ali
Published: January 2020

Modern and fast developments of wireless technologies have directed to a great demand for resources. It can be seen in the study that the range of existing spectrum is not used effectively, therefore the frequency band should be observed to ensure proper usage and to have the information of primary or licensed user is very much essential. In this research work uplink of LTE (Long-Term Evolution) is observed through MF (Matched Filter) spectrum sensing technique of CR (Cognitive Radio) network. This method examines the existence of signals in minimum possible time, reduces the hindrances between secondary users, increases accurateness of sensing and provides finest choice of threshold. In Uplink the System model which is used is known as SC-FDMA (Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access). Entire simulation/results are prepared in MATLAB environment. This study also provides graphical contrast of simulated and theoretical results of matched filter and energy detection technique.
Zimbabwean Manufacturing Firms' Propensity and Intensity to Export in the Post Zimbabwean Dollar Era
Authors: Mugumisi Nathan
Published: January 2020

After the adoption of the multicurrency system in 2009 Zimbabweâ€™s macroeconomic environment stabilized but the new economic order exposed the economy to a crippling liquidity crisis. Exports remain the only sustainable solution to Zimbabweâ€™s liquidity crisis in the short to medium term given the current sanctions that limits other international capital flows. This study sort to understand the factors that determine Zimbabwean manufacturing firmsâ€™ likelihood and intensity to export. The study a was based on panel data from a 19 manufacturing firms listed on the Zimbabwe Stock Exchange over the period 2009 to 2017. The propensity and intensity to export was estimated using the logit and Tobit regression models respectively. Bigger firms and firms that engage in research and development had a high propensity to export.  Foreign owned firms and firms that engage in research and development had a high intensity to export, while those with high domestic turnover tended to export less. The appreciation of the USD increased Zimbabwean manufacturing firmsâ€™ propensity and intensity to export. We urge the policy makers to design investment laws that attract foreign investors, and managers to prioritize research and development. We also recommend firm managers to take advantage of periods of currency appreciation to recapitalize at a cheaper cost and export more goods since Zimbabweâ€™s manufacturing production is highly import dependent.
[South] Africa's Health System and Human Rights: A Critical African Perspective
Authors: Shai Kgothatso Brucely , Ogunnubi Olusola
Published: January 2020

For more than two decades, 21st March has been canonised and celebrated among South Africans as Human Rights Day. Earmarked by the newly democratic and inclusive South Africa, it commemorates the Sharpeville and Langa massacres. As history recorded, on the 21st March 1960, residents of Sharpeville and subsequently, Langa embarked on a peaceful anti-pass campaign led by the African National Congress (ANC) breakaway party, the Pan Africanist Congress of Azania (PAC). The pass (also known as dompas) was one of the most despised symbols of apartheid; a system declared internationally as a crime against humanity. In the post-apartheid era, it is expectedthat all South Africans enjoy and celebrate the full extent of their human rights. However, it appears that the envisaged rights are not equally enjoyed by all. This is because widening inequalities in the health-care system, in schooling, and in the lucrative sporting arena have not been amicably and irrevocably resolved. Furthermore, it is still the norm that the most vulnerable of South Africans, especially rural Africans, find it difficult, and sometimes, impossible to access adequate and even essential healthcare services. Central to the possible questions to emerge from this discourse are the following(i) What is the current state of South Africaâ€™s health system at the turn of 23 years of its majority rule? (ii) Why is the South African health system still unable to sufficiently deliver the socioeconomic health rights of most South African people? It is against this background that this article uses a critical discourse analysis approach in its broadest form to provide a nuanced Afrocentric assessment of South Africaâ€™s human rights record in the health sector since the year 1994. Data for this article is generated through the review of the cauldron of published and unpublished academic, official and popular literature.
The Paradox of Emerging Technologies in Playing Fundamental Role on Administration Employeeâ€™s Roles and Responsibilities
Authors: Mogale R. J. , Mkhomazi S. S. , Rankhumise R. M.
Published: January 2020

This article aims to put forward the imperatives of emerging technologies in playing fundamental role on administration work effectiveness and efficiency. The nature of office work has changed through time due to the emergence of new technologies that are adopted and implemented in the government departments. The emerging technologies are the heartbeat of any organisation and simultaneously they are the structure and thread holding it all together. With this study, a survey design was adopted and data collection was done through structured questionnaire. The study argues that the influx of emerging technologies increases the relationship with stakeholders and shareholders, responsiveness, transparency and accessibility of quality service delivery. This has resulted in government departments enhancing the effective communication between government and citizens, while it creates opportunities for government employees. Therefore, the study concludes that with the emergence of technologies, it is important for government departments to initiate new technologies in the departments to faster transactions, provide excellent service delivery to citizens of South Africa and as well as improving mass communication.
Capital Structure and The Profitability of Listed Retail Firms
Authors: Kasozi Jason Stephen
Published: January 2020

The South African retail sector continues to experience a decline in sales and returns amidst growing external competition and a drop in consumer confidence stemming from the recent credit downgrades in the country. Yet, firms in this sector appear to maintain high debt to equity levels. This study investigated whether the capital structure practices of these firms influence their profitability. A Panel data methodology, using three regression estimators, is applied to a balanced sample of 16 retail firms listed on the Johannesburg Securities Exchange (JSE) during the period 2008-2016. The analysis estimates functions relating capital structure composition with the return on assets (ROA). Results reveal a statistically significant but negative relationship between all measures of debt (short-term, long-term, total debt) with profitability, suggesting a possible inclination towards the pecking order theory of financing behaviour, for listed retail firms. Additionally, retail firms are highly leveraged yet over 75% of this debt is short-term in nature. Policy interventions need to investigate the current restrictions on long-term debt financing which offers longerterm and affordable financing, to boost returns. While this studyâ€™s methodology differs slightly from earlier studies, it incorporates vital aspects from these studies, and simultaneously specifies a possible model fit.  This helps to capture unique but salient characteristics like the transitional effects of debt financing on firm profitability.  It therefore delivers some unique findings on the financing behaviour of retail firms that both in form policy change, while stimulating further research on the phenomenon.
Corporate Governance and Financial Distress in the Banking Industry: Nigerian Experience
Authors: John Ayoola Tajudeen , Ogechukwu Obokoh Lawrence
Published: January 2020

The study investigates the effect of corporate governance on financial distress in the Nigerian banking industry and examines the discriminatory power of corporate governance mechanism of the board, audit committee, executive management and auditor in one model for financial distress prediction. Secondary data obtained from annual financial statements of twenty banks between 2005 and 2015 were used for the study. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and generalized quantile regression model. The empirical evidence from the study suggests that financially distressed banks are characterized by large board size with members who may not be well versed in banking complexities, chairmen and CEOs with significant shareholding both individually and collectively. Furthermore, the evidence also shows that distressed banks suffer major decline in customer deposits despite increase in size. The study concludes that financial distress can be caused by poor corporate governance mechanism.
The Biographical and Human Resource Management Predictors of Union Membership Engagement of Low- and Middle-Income Workers
Authors: Maleka Molefe Jonathan
Published: January 2020

In this study, the researcher investigated the biographical and human resource management (HRM) predictors of union membership. The literature reviewed revealed that there is little research on this topic in the South African context. The literature reviewed also showed that males, permanent employees, employees who are less committed, who have a level of quality of work-life (QWL) and engagement, and those who are satisfied are more likely to be unionized. A cross-sectional survey design was used to address the research questions. One thousand questionnaires were distributed and 874 were completed by the respondents at Marabastad Mall in the City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality (CTMM) in South Africa. The study results showed that employment status was the highest predictor ( -1.782, p<0.05) of union membership, and gender and job satisfaction were not predictors of union members. This study had managerial implications, in the sense that when hiring employees on a part-time basis, having employees who are committed and offering employees QWL (i.e. excellent fringe benefits) will impact negatively on union membership. In terms of policymakers, the study revealed that developing remuneration policies that are pro-employee (i.e. offering excellent working conditions and fringe benefits) would make them satisfied, possibly be productive, and they would engage less in counterproductive industrial actions like strikes, which in South Africa are the amongst highest in the world.
Food Insecurity and the Rising Urbanisation in Africa: Can ICT Revolution Bridge the GAP?
Authors: Oluwatayo Isaac B. , Ojo Ayodeji O.
Published: January 2020

The task of reducing food insecurity in Africa is very challenging. This is because of the changing conditions such as adverse climate change impacts. This study examined food insecurity, urbanisation and ICT in Africa.  The paper employed a combination of both secondary and historical information obtained from different sources (UNHCR, FAO, Mo Ibrahim Foundation etc). Analytical method used include descriptive statistics such as charts. Food security indices in Africa is alarming and disturbing. One in four people in Africa do not have access to food in adequate quantities and one in five African children are underweight. African agriculture is rendered unattractive by low productivity hence the exodus of labour from rural to urban areas. Africa is the most rapidly urbanising continent in the world with enabling factors comprising of infrastructure deficits in rural areas, dearth of employment opportunities and glamour of city life. However, Africaâ€™s urban centres are not immune to the challenges inducing rural-urban migration in the first place. In fact, youth unemployment in Africa is 6 times higher in urban areas than in rural areas. About 72percent of urban dwellers live in slums with the most of them having no access to basic amenities. These culminated in what is regarded in literature as â€˜urbanisation of povertyâ€™. Migrants are generally scapegoated as the causes of crimes, violence and even unemployment in urban areas. Therefore, they are subjected to sub-human living conditions. Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is particularly critical to the achievement of food security in Africa. This is because of the huge gap between markets and farmers which it is capable of filling. The paper therefore recommends increased but monitored investments in infrastructure in Africa in order to make rural areas more attractive and discourage rural-urban migration. There is also the need to provide favourable micro and macro-environment for businesses to grow especially in rural Africa.
Role of Psychological Capital in Effective Management of Work-stress among Tertiary Institutions' Staff in Nigeria
Authors: Aderibigbe John K. , Mjoli Themba Q. , Adebisi Kolawole S.
Published: January 2020

Work-stress is synonymous to occupational stress. It is a common form of strain that is usually experienced by employees, in the course of performing their official duties and responsibilities. In the contemporary world of work, including the Nigerian work environment, work-stress is identified as a â€˜corporate epidemicâ€™. Its symptoms are mostly observed physically, psychologically and socially in the lives of affected employees, while the negative effect of occupational stress is specifically, measured on employee performance and organizational effectiveness. It is for the above-described nature and effect of work-stress that this study examined the role of psychological capital in effective management of work-stress among the staff of tertiary institutions in Nigeria. It adopted the explanatory survey research design, purposive and convenience sampling techniques in sampling a total number of 202 (male = 116, 57.4% and female = 86, 42.6%) academic and administrative staff of five (5) public and private tertiary institutions, in the western region of Nigeria, who served as participants in the study. All participants were Nigerians English speakers. Research participation eligibility was strictly based on the current enlistment of employees on the pay-roll of the institutions as at the time of the study. A structured validated questionnaire was used as an instrument. Hypotheses were stated and analyzed based on the data collected. Results revealed that the four psychological capital states jointly influenced work-stress management F(4,197) = 8.375; R2= 0.128; p<.05; resilience (Î²=0.145; t=1.983; p<.05) and optimism (Î²=0.294; t=3.756; p<.05) independently influenced workstress management; optimism (r=.224, P(.001)<.01), resilience (r=.350, P(.000)<.01) and hope (r=.247,P(.000)<.01) significantly correlated with work-stress management. The study concluded that psychological capital is one of the important factors that effectively helps in managing work-stress, and suggested that the management of institutions or organizations should sensitize employees on the importance of psychological capital in effective management of work-stress through seminars, trainings and conferences.