bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Longitudinal path analysis for the directional association of depression, anxiety and posttraumatic stress disorder with their comorbidities and associated factors among postpartum women in Northwest Ethiopia: A cross-lagged autoregressive modelling study
Authors: Malaju Marelign Tilahun , Alene Getu Degu , Bisetegn Telake Azale
Published: August 2022

Introduction

Vulnerability for depression, anxiety and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms due to perceived traumatic birth increase during the postpartum period. Traumatic birth has been defined as an event occurring during labour and birth that may be a serious threat to the life and safety of the mother and/or child. However, the comorbidity and multimorbidity of depression, anxiety and PTSD with their direct and indirect predictors is not well investigated in the postpartum period. In addition, the longitudinal directional association of depression, anxiety and PTSD with their comorbidities is not studied in Ethiopia.

Objective

The aim of this study was to assess prevalence of postnatal comorbid and multimorbid anxiety, depression and PTSD. It also aimed to determine the directional association of postnatal anxiety, depression and PTSD with the comorbidity and multimorbidity of these mental health problems over time and to explore the factors that are directly or indirectly associated with comorbidity and multimorbidity of anxiety, depression and PTSD.

Methods

A total of 775 women were included at the first, second and third follow-up of the study (6th, 12th and 18th week of postpartum period) during October, 2020 –March, 2021. A cross-lagged autoregressive path analysis was carried out using Stata 16.0 software in order to determine the autoregressive and cross-lagged effects of depression, anxiety and PTSD with their comorbidities. In addition, a linear structural equation modelling was also carried out to determine the direct and indirect effects of independent variables on the comorbidities of depression, anxiety and PTSD.

Results

Comorbidity of anxiety with depression was the most common (14.5%, 12.1% and 8.1%) at the 6th, 12th and 18th week of postnatal period respectively. With regard to the direction of association, comorbidity of PTSD (due to perceived traumatic birth) with depression, PTSD with anxiety, depression with anxiety and triple comorbidity predicted depression and anxiety in subsequent waves of measurement. Direct and indirect maternal morbidity, fear of childbirth and perceived traumatic childbirth were found to have a direct and indirect positive association with comorbidities of depression, anxiety and PTSD. In contrast, higher parity, higher family size and higher social support had a direct and indirect negative association with these mental health disorders.

Conclusion

Postnatal mental health screening, early diagnosis and treatment of maternal morbidities, developing encouraging strategies for social support and providing adequate information about birth procedures and response to mothers’ needs during childbirth are essential to avert comorbidity of anxiety, depression and PTSD in the postpartum period.
Оценка влияния моделей турбулентности на описание процессов вихреобразования в ветроэнергетике
Authors: Solomin Evgenii Viktorovich , Terekhin Alexandr A. , Martyanov Andrey Sergeevich , Kovalyov Anton Alexandrovich , Ismagilov Denis R. , Ryavkin Gleb Nikolaevich , Kulganatov Askar Z. , Pogorelov Bogdan T.
Published: August 2022

Проведено сравнение результатов математического моделирования внешнего обтекания горизонтально-осевой ветроэнергетической установки Siemens модели SWT-3.6-120 (профиль лопасти B52) с применением осредненных по Рейнольдсу уравнений Навье-Стокса, замкнутых моделями турбулентности $k{-}\varepsilon$, $k{-}\omega$ Shear Stress Transport и Eddy Viscosity Transport.
Задача верного определения угла отклонения вектора скорости над гондолой
ветроэнергетической установки обусловлена работой системы ориентации, от которой зависит эффективность всей установки.
В качестве критерия сравнения выбрано число Струхаля, определенного для поперечного обтекания цилиндра, описывающего частоту формирования вихревой структуры за комлевой частью лопасти ветроэнергетической установки.
Расчетная область состоит из трех миллионов тетраэдрических элементов с призматическим слоем на поверхности гондолы с применением локального измельчения.
Место регистрации параметров направления потока расположено на высоте 3 м над гондолой и на расстоянии 8 м от комлевой части лопасти, что соответствует стандартному расположению анеморумбометра.
Анализ полученных результатов показал, что модели турбулентности $k{-}\varepsilon$ и Eddy Viscosity Transport практически одинаково описывают параметры потока над гондолой ветроэнергетической установки, но модель Eddy Viscosity Transport имеет одно дифференциальное уравнение, тем самым ее применение является более предпочтительным по критерию вычислительных затрат.
Преимущество модели Eddy Viscosity Transport также заключается в меньшем количестве замыкающих полуэмпирических констант, анализ которых позволяет расширить область применения инженерных методик описания турбулентных процессов для решения практических задач, связанных с проектированием систем управления ветроэнергетическими установками, повышающих коэффициент полезного действия таких установок.
Ориентационная природа эффекта деформационной памяти при трехосном циклическом неравнокомпонентном сжатии песчаника
Authors: Panteleev Ivan A. , Zaitsev Alexey Vyacheslavovich , Ustinov Konstantin B. , Mubassarova Virginia A. , Shevtsov Nikolay I. , Khimulia Valerii V. , Karev Vladimir Iosifovich , Kovalenko Yurii Fedorovich
Published: August 2022

Для описания механизмов и условий проявления эффекта деформационной памяти (эффекта Кайзера) в горных породах, подвергающихся трехмерному непропорциональному циклическому нагружению с изменением ориентации и формы эллипсоида Ламе, проведены эксперименты с кубическими образцами из полимиктового песчаника на Испытательной системе трехосного независимого нагружения с непрерывной записью сигналов акустической эмиссии. Результаты непропорционального трехосного сжатия по разработанной 9-цикловой программе нагружения показали, что доминирующим механизмом проявления эффекта памяти повреждений в каждом определенно ориентированном ансамбле дефектов является развитие микротрещин нормального отрыва, ориентированных субнормально к направлению минимального главного напряжения. Было обнаружено, что проявление эффекта Кайзера определяется не столько фактом раскрытия существующих «благоприятно» ориентированных микротрещин, сколько их дискретным ростом и появлением новых дефектов. Полученные экспериментальные результаты могут рассматриваться в качестве триггера для развития моделей деформирования и разрушения горных пород, учитывающих анизотропную природу и ориентационные эффекты развития поврежденности при различных сложных напряженно-деформированных состояниях и реальных условиях трехосного непропорционального нагружения, которые наблюдаются в природных и антропогенных системах.
Implicit iterative algorithm for solving regularized total least squares problems
Authors: Ivanov Dmitriy Vladimirovich , Zhdanov Aleksandr Ivanovich
Published: August 2022

Рассмотрен новый итерационный алгоритм для решения задач полных наименьших квадратов. Предложен новый вариант неявного метода простых итераций на основе сингулярного разложения для решения смещенной нормальной системы алгебраических уравнений. Применение неявного метода простых итераций на основе сингулярного разложения позволяет заменить плохо обусловленную задачу на последовательность задач с лучшей обусловленностью. Это дает возможность существенно повысить вычислительную устойчивость алгоритма и при этом обеспечивает высокую скорость его сходимости. Тестовые примеры показали, что предложенный алгоритм обладает более высокой точностью по сравнению с решениями, полученными нерегуляризированными алгоритмами полных наименьших квадратов, а также с решением полных наименьших квадратов с регуляризацией по Тихонову.
The Fluvial Imagination: On Lesotho’s Water-Export Economy
Authors: Hoag Colin
Published: August 2022

Landlocked and surrounded by South Africa on all sides, the mountain kingdom of Lesotho became the world’s first “water-exporting country” when it signed a 1986 treaty with its powerful neighbor. An elaborate network of dams and tunnels now carries water to Johannesburg, the subcontinent’s water-stressed economic epicenter. Hopes that proceeds from water sales could improve Lesotho’s fortunes, however, have clashed with fears that soil erosion from overgrazing livestock could fill its reservoirs with sediment. In this wide-ranging and deeply researched book, Colin Hoag shows how producing water commodities incites a fluvial imagination: a sense for how water flows. As we enter our planet’s water-export era, Lesotho exposes the possibilities and perils ahead.
Criticism of positive theistic arguments in the polemic of theism and atheism
Authors: Sleptsova Valeriya
Published: August 2022

In the article the author analyzes the arguments of the theist W.L. Craig for the existence of the omnipotent, all-good, timeless God of classical theism as well as counter-arguments of W. Sinnot-Armstrong. W.L. Craig used five arguments, they are Kalam cosmological argument, fine-tuning argument, objective moral values argument, argument from the testimonies of the gospels and argument from religious experience. Craig seeks to show that when we take all these arguments together, they increase the probability of the existence of the God of classical theism. Sinnot-Armstrong, in turn, criticized all these arguments and seeks to show with varying levels of credibility that every Craig’s argument can be refuted within the framework of an atheistic approach. He exposes the argument from the existence of objective moral values to the most detailed criticism, while speaking from the position of moral realism and Platonism. Sinnot-Armstrong criticized fine-tuning argument least convincingly. He accepted the fact that there is no good atheistic response to this argument, but he used usual rhetorical attacks against theism. He uncritically repeated the model of the war between science and religion. As a result of the analysis of the controversy between Craig and Sinnot-Armstrong, the author of the article comes to several conclusions. Firstly, atheism is combined with various metaphysical attitudes, from naturalism to Platonism. Secondly, an atheist may hold different views on the problem of free will between determinism and indeterminism. Thus, since atheism is very heterogeneous in itself, most of the Sinnot-Armstrong counter-arguments are not universally applicable to atheists.
Risk Prediction After a Brief Resolved Unexplained Event
Authors: Nama Nassr , Hall Matt , Neuman Mark , Sullivan Erin , Bochner Risa , De Laroche Amy , Hadvani Teena , Jain Shobhit , Katsogridakis Yiannis , Kim Edward , Mittal Manoj , Payson Alison , Prusakowski Melanie , Shastri Nirav , Stephans Allayne , Westphal Kathryn , Wilkins Victoria , Tieder Joel ,   On Behalf of the Brief Resolved Unexplained Event Research and Quality Improvement Network
Published: August 2022

OBJECTIVES

Only 4% of brief resolved unexplained events (BRUE) are caused by a serious underlying illness. The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) guidelines do not distinguish patients who would benefit from further investigation and hospitalization. We aimed to derive and validate a clinical decision rule for predicting the risk of a serious underlying diagnosis or event recurrence.

METHODS

We retrospectively identified infants presenting with a BRUE to 15 children’s hospitals (2015–2020). We used logistic regression in a split-sample to derive and validate a risk prediction model.

RESULTS

Of 3283 eligible patients, 565 (17.2%) had a serious underlying diagnosis (n = 150) or a recurrent event (n = 469). The AAP’s higher-risk criteria were met in 91.5% (n = 3005) and predicted a serious diagnosis with 95.3% sensitivity, 8.6% specificity, and an area under the curve of 0.52 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.47–0.57). A derived model based on age, previous events, and abnormal medical history demonstrated an area under the curve of 0.64 (95%CI: 0.59–0.70). In contrast to the AAP criteria, patients >60 days were more likely to have a serious underlying diagnosis (odds ratio:1.43, 95%CI: 1.03–1.98, P = .03).

CONCLUSIONS

Most infants presenting with a BRUE do not have a serious underlying pathology requiring prompt diagnosis. We derived 2 models to predict the risk of a serious diagnosis and event recurrence. A decision support tool based on this model may aid clinicians and caregivers in the discussion on the benefit of diagnostic testing and hospitalization (https://www.mdcalc.com/calc/10400/brief-resolved-unexplained-events-2.0-brue-2.0-criteria-infants).
The Russian Prosecutor’s Office as a Bulwark of Law and Order
Authors:   Volgograd State University, Inshakova Agnessa
Published: August 2022

The paper highlights the key points of the issue’s main topic of the journal “Legal Concept” = “Pravovaya Paradigma” entitled “Three hundred years on guard for law and order: the history of the creation and prospects for the development of the Russian prosecutor’s office”. According to the author, the relevance of the issue’s main topic of is due to the definition of the place and role of the prosecutor’s office in the system of state control of the Russian Federation, a conceptual analysis of the legal essence of prosecutorial supervision and the need to improve its legal regulation. It is noted that the prosecutor’s office of the Russian Federation acts not only as one of the key elements of the check-and-balance system of the authorities, but also as their significant integrator and coordinator to ensure the proper unity of the entire state power. Its normative nature, enshrined in the federal legislation, allows an uncompromising response to the law violations, which makes it a bulwark of the rule of law of the Russian state. The growth of the authority of the Russian prosecutor’s office and the effectiveness of its work is largely associated with the organization of management in the system of the prosecutor’s offices, the establishment of the prosecutor’s office’s place in the system of state-legal institutions, the functions performed and the effectiveness of prosecutorial response measures. An overview of the key issues that make up the content of the conducted research, characterizing its relevance, scientific novelty and theoretical and applied significance, is presented. The results obtained are aimed at improving the current legislation, eliminating existing legal conflicts and are aimed at increasing the effectiveness of prosecutorial supervision in modern Russia.
The Model of the Prosecutor’s Activities in Criminal Proceedings: Key Challenges and Opportunities for Reform
Authors:   Saratov State Law Academy, Manova Nina
Published: August 2022

Introduction: after the adoption of the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation, endless changes and additions are being made to it with alarming frequency. If desired, this situation can be explained by dynamically developing social relations, changing the state legal policy. However, it seems that numerous and often chaotic changes in the criminal procedure legislation are associated with the lack of a strategically verified and planned idea of the directions for the development of criminal proceedings. The development strategy of this type of state activities is largely influenced by the presence of a verified model of procedural activities of the prosecutor – one of the most influential subjects in the system of law enforcement agencies of any state, in any system of criminal proceedings. In this regard, the purpose of the paper is to identify the key problems in the legal model (the legislative regulation) and the actual model (the practice) of the prosecutor’s activities in criminal proceedings, to analyze their correlation and directions for their improvement, as well as the impact of these processes on the reform of the entire criminal procedure as a whole. Methods: the methodological framework for the research consists of the general scientific (dialectical, modeling method, system, structural-functional, logical, etc.) and the specific scientific (formal legal, comparative legal, etc.) research methods. Results: based on the analysis of the legislative provisions and law enforcement practice, it is concluded that there is a significant discrepancy between the current practice of prosecutorial activities in the criminal proceedings in the country and its legal regulation. Such a discrepancy between the legal and factual models of the prosecutor’s activities entails significant problems in law enforcement, which are caused by both shortcomings in the legal regulation of the prosecutor’s activities and the distortions of the law enforcement practice. Conclusions: the models of the prosecutor’s activities in criminal proceedings that exist today as autonomous (with a high level of inconsistency) – legal and factual, are the result of inconsistent changes in the domestic criminal procedure legislation introduced into it rather hastily, without conducting scientific examinations and assessing possible risks. As a result, the prosecutor’s management of pretrial criminal prosecution continues to exist, but already as a “shadow practice” of the prosecutor. Overcoming the existing gap between the legal and actual models of the prosecutor’s activities will require reforming some procedures of criminal procedural activities, taking into account some factors revealed during this study, which, in fact, allows talking about the legal model of the prosecutor’s activities as the basis of the strategy of reforming criminal proceedings.
The Birth of the State of Exception Out of the Spirit of Eternity of the Political Body
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy and Law, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yarkeev Aleksey
Published: August 2022

The philosophical project "Homo Sacer" by the modern Italian philosopher Giorgio Agamben (born in 1942) is based on a consistent highlighting of the process of Western European history that leads to the establishment of the state of emergency as a common technology of public administration today. This article offers an outline of the genesis of the state of emergency (emergency state) from the point of view of the evolution of ideas about the state in the aspect of the metaphor of the human body. In view of the fact that the logic of the state of emergency is based on the concept of a necessity (necessitas), which allows to suspend the normal functioning of law and order, it is necessary to raise the question of the origin of this relationship. The author believes that the source of the idea of the relationship between the state of emergency and necessity is the needs of the human body, the absolute urgency of which is the starting point of political organization (Plato, Aristotle). The system of views on the state as a body that emerged in the Greco-Roman worldview was clearly developed in the medieval civilization of the West. From this point on, we can talk about the emergence of the concept of "political body", within which the understanding of key sociopolitical relations took place. The combination of the Aristotelian concept of the eternity of the world with the strengthening of the absolute power of the secular sovereign and practical needs led to the formation of the idea of the permanent state with its constant needs. The new state rationality, associated with the need to meet the needs of the state and thus ensure its self-preservation, has acquired the form of biopolitics, which actually blurs the border between the political and the biological. The state of emergency becomes a paradigm of public administration, motivated by the idea of the identity of natural processes and the existence of society. The constant and imperishable nature of these processes sets the basis for the production of state of emergency, which loses its connection to a certain point in time and becomes a potentially eternal and continuous state.
Power and Animals: A Foucauldian Theme in Critical Animal Studies
Authors:   University of Skövde, Rodin Lika
Published: August 2022

A critical view on the relationships between humans and animals has become salient both within the public sphere and in academic discussions. An innovative research field – critical animal studies – has emerged to address the related issues. It employs a variety of tools, including theoretical constructs suggested by Michel Foucault. This article focuses on the potential of the Foucauldian tradition to analyze power in human – animal interactions. I review critical research to describe various practices of power – external, internalized, and constitutive – and the proposals related to domination. How animals are treated in different contexts exhibits relations of power. This comprises control and termination, training and shaping, management and biopolitical regulation. Moreover, humans' technologies of self-regulation manifest themselves in the approach to animals and the natural environment more broadly. It is indicated that to address the issue of power in human – animal interactions, recognizing the constructed nature of ontological boundaries is crucial, as well as acknowledging that power runs both within and across those frontiers. The critical approach might draw attention to the interconnectedness and interdependency of humans and nonhumans, as well as to their shared destiny in terms of their positions in the matrixes of domination and control. Whether anthropocentric or posthuman, future social research on animals must account for the critical tradition, social dialogue, and social activism.
The Formula of the First Reqularized Trace for a Differential Operator with a Discontinuous Weight Function
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Mitrokhin Sergey
Published: August 2022

The author study the spectral properties of an eighth-order differential operator with a piecewise-smooth potential and a discontinuous weight function. For large values of the spectral parameter, the asymptotics of solutions of differential equations defining the operator under study is studied. With the help of the obtained asymptotics, the conditions of “conjugation” at the point of discontinuity of the coefficients, the necessity of which follows from physical considerations, are studied. The separated boundary conditions that define the operator are studied. An indicator diagram of an equation whose roots are the eigenvalues of the operator is investigated. The asymptotics of the eigenvalues of the differential operator under study is found. Using the Lidskyi - Sadovnichyi method, the first regularized trace of the differential operator is calculated.
Evolution of Approaches to Preferential Lending in Agricultural Complex in the Post-Soviet Period
Authors:   Volgograd State Agrarian University, Korobeinikov Dmitry
Published: August 2022

One of the key mechanisms of state support for the agricultural sector is concessional lending. In the history of post-Soviet Russia, preferential agricultural credit has evolved from quasi-market forms of subsidized support for the industry into a classic bank loan with interest bonification. Therefore, the identification of problems typical of modern mechanism of concessional lending in the agro-industrial complex is impossible outside the historical context and the general logic of its development, which determines the relevance and purpose of the study. The tasks of the study are as follows: systematization of forms and methods of concessional lending in the agro-industrial complex in the content and chronological taxonomy; identification of modern problems of the mechanism of concessional lending and measures for their solution. The article shows that two main stages can be distinguished in the evolution of concessional lending in the agro-industrial complex. The first stage (1992–2000) was characterized by the preservation of approaches typical of a centralized economy, which led to the actual substitution of credit relations with implicit forms of budgetary financing of the industry. At the second stage (from 2000 to the present), the main form of credit relief for farmers was the subsidization of interest rates for borrowers, and later for lenders. However, despite the fact that the main problems were solved and the market moved to purely market support instruments, the preferential loan still have many problems, the main of which are the duration and complexity of the procedure, the lack of differentiation of requirements for borrowers, absence of seasonality understanding and operational specifics of agriculture, limited areas for the use of allocated funds, insufficient budget financing. The mentioned problems of preferential loans in the agro-industrial complex are the basis for further research in the field of its modernization and development.
“Reservatórios de doenças venéreas”, “MSM/HSH” e “PWA”: continuidades, rupturas e temporalidades na produção de bioidentidades no contexto da epidemia de AIDS
Authors: Ferreira João Paulo , Miskolci Richard
Published: August 2022

Resumo Este artigo examina as continuidades, rupturas e temporalidades na produção de bioidentidades no contexto da epidemia de HIV-Aids. Problematiza, a partir de um estudo multissituado na confluência de áreas e subáreas biomédicas que despontavam em popularidade nas décadas de 1980 e 1990, as agendas comuns de pesquisa sob a moldagem dos termos e categorizações popularizadas durante o pânico sexual provocado pelo aumento das taxas de contágio e morte. O desenho metodológico é caracterizado como de métodos mistos e envolveu, prioritariamente, pesquisa documental e revisão temática sobre a produção acadêmica nas áreas e disciplinas inseridas no eixo das biociências, com a finalidade de buscar e selecionar os estudos primários sobre homossexualidade e HIV/Aids, por meio da produção global. As conclusões atestam que a administração da Aids em sua condição crônica tratável produziu afinidades eletivas e de correspondência entre categorias epidemiológicas e sociais (MSM/HSH, PWA, GMLA) com noções de gênero e sexualidade definidas.
Elaboração e validação de lista de verificação dos processos produtivos de dietas pediátricas em lactários hospitalares
Authors: Oliveira Camila Rocha de , Lima Michelle Valeriano de , Siqueira Deborah Rodrigues , Oliveira Aline Gomes de Mello de , Garcia Silvia Regina Magalhães Couto
Published: August 2022

Resumo Este trabalho visou elaborar e validar uma lista de verificação dos processos produtivos de dietas pediátricas para uso em lactários hospitalares. Para a elaboração do instrumento realizou-se pesquisa bibliográfica. A validação do conteúdo foi realizada com 5 especialistas, pela Técnica Delphi - utilizando a escala Likert de 5 pontos. A validação de aparência foi realizada por 3 nutricionistas, no mesmo ambiente, dia e horário. O instrumento incluiu cabeçalho, guia de instruções de preenchimento e 225 itens de avaliação que obtiveram o conteúdo validado. Os valores mínimos e máximos para o índice de validade de conteúdo (IVC) foi, respectivamente, 0,88 e 0,96. O coeficiente de correlação intraclasse (CCI) e Alfa de Cronbach (α) foi >0,80 em mais de 90% dos itens avaliados. Os valores mínimos e máximos para o índice de validade de aparência (IVA) foi, respectivamente, 0,73 e 0,93. O teste de Kruskal Wallis não apresentou diferença significativa durante as avaliações (p valor>0,05) para os blocos da versão rotina e versão gestão. As versões do instrumento apresentaram em mais de 80% dos blocos α e CCI>0,80. Portanto, o instrumento apresentou conteúdo e aparência validados tendo reprodutibilidade e confiabilidade, ou seja, viabilidade de utilização na prática do nutricionista.
Identification of people for palliative care in primary health care: integrative review
Authors: Paraizo-Horvath Camila Maria Silva , Fernandes Daiane de Souza , Russo Tatiana Mara da Silva , Souza Ana Carolina de , Silveira Renata Cristina de Campos Pereira , Galvão Cristina Maria , Mendes Karina Dal Sasso
Published: August 2022

Abstract This article aims to analyze the evidence available in the literature on the process of identifying adults and elderly people who can benefit from palliative care (PC) in primary health care (PHC). This is an integrative literature review carried out in PubMed, CINAHL, LILACS, Web of Science, and Embase. Eight studies were selected, in which different instruments and methods were distinguished with the purpose of identifying people who can benefit from PC in the context of PHC. The incorporation of these instruments into clinical practice is urgent in order to increase the reach and effectiveness of the services offered by health professionals, considering the current demographic and epidemiological profile that points to the increase of people with a potential need for PC. Different instruments have been successfully used to identify PC in the context of PHC. However, some have weaknesses, such as the fact that they only allow the identification of people with oncological diseases, leaving out other health conditions, which reinforces the need for further studies on this topic.
Does religiosity impact binge drinking among early adolescents? A cross-sectional study in a city in Southeastern Brazil
Authors: Guimarães Mariana Oliveira , Guimarães Gilberto de Lima , Silva Jessica Walewska Rodrigues da , Souza Kátia Kely Bragança de , Vieira-Andrade Raquel Gonçalves , Ferreira Raquel Conceição , Zarzar Patrícia Maria Pereira de Araújo
Published: August 2022

Abstract This study evaluated the association between religiosity and binge drinking in early adolescence. A cross-sectional study was conducted with adolescents aged 10-13 from Belo Horizonte, Brazil. Stratified random sampling was performed considering the administrative district and school year. Adolescents filled an AUDIT-C form, containing questions about religiosity and binge drinking by parents and their best friends. Adolescents’ caregivers answered a form regarding socioeconomic issues. Descriptive analysis, univariate, and multivariate logistic regression were performed. A total of 650 adolescents participated in the study. The frequency of binge drinking was 13.7%. In the adjusted model, religiosity was not associated with binge drinking. The covariates associated were the age of 12-13 years (OR: 1.94; CI95%: 1.06-3.56; p=0.030), maternal binge drinking (OR: 3.12; CI95%: 1.76-5.52; p<0.001) best friend binge drinking (OR: 6.01; CI95%: 3.40-10.62; p<0.001) and nonnuclear family (OR: 1.80; CI95%: 1.01-3.23; p=0.045). The findings revealed that, for binge drinking, the main factors that influenced this decision were the best friend and maternal binge drinking and family structure, although the adolescents claimed to be religious.
Vacina e vacinação antivariólica na Bahia oitocentista
Authors: Hochman Gilberto , Souza Christiane Maria Cruz de
Published: August 2022

Resumo O objetivo do artigo é discutir as percepções e ações do poder público sobre o processo de introdução, produção, conservação, distribuição e aplicação da vacina contra a varíola, o surgimento de instituições ligadas à vacina e à vacinação e seus principais entraves na Bahia do século XIX. O artigo enfatiza a dinâmica local e regional desse processo e aborda o problema da varíola na Bahia colonial, a chegada da vacina jenneriana, a difusão do método de vacinação, a constituição de instituições de saúde e as medidas de controle da doença implantadas a partir de 1808. No contexto do pós-independência e do Brasil Imperial, aborda os surtos de varíola e discute os problemas da vacina e da vacinação relacionados pelos presidentes da província da Bahia e os esforços locais para introduzir a vacina animal. O artigo se baseia em fontes primárias impressas publicadas na Bahia no século XIX e no diálogo com a literatura especializada.
Associação entre segregação residencial racial e mortalidade por homicídio nos municípios de Minas Gerais, Brasil
Authors: Nogueira Mário Círio , Costa Ana Luísa Soares , Reis Juliana Lopes de Oliveira , Pereira Ítalo
Published: August 2022

Resumo O objetivo desse artigo é avaliar a associação entre segregação residencial racial e mortalidade por homicídios em Minas Gerais (MG). Trata-se de estudo ecológico, com os municípios de MG como unidades de análise. O desfecho foi óbitos por homicídio ocorridos de 2008 a 2012 e a exposição a medida de segregação residencial índice de interação racial, estimada para 2010 a partir dos dados do censo demográfico; outras covariáveis foram renda média per capita e índice de Gini. As variáveis foram apresentadas em mapas temáticos e a associação entre elas foi investigada por modelos hierárquicos bayesianos. Houve associação negativa entre o índice de interação racial e a mortalidade por homicídios (coeficiente=-1,787; IC95%=-2,459; -1,119), em modelo ajustado pela renda per capita. Os municípios de MG com maior interação racial tiveram em média uma menor mortalidade por homicídios.
Da Independência ao Império: saúde e doença no Brasil do século XIX
Authors: Hochman Gilberto , Pimenta Tânia Salgado , Freitas Ricardo Cabral de
Published: August 2022

Resumo Como apresentação do dossiê “Da Independência ao Império: saúde e doença no Brasil no século XIX”, o artigo contrasta o “Brasil moderno” imaginado pelas elites médicas e políticas por ocasião do I Centenário da Independência, em 1922, com os inúmeros problemas e desafios no campo da saúde que a República, em sua terceira década, herdou dos períodos colonial e imperial. Além disso, destaca questões da história da saúde no século XIX que permitem aos leitores do dossiê refletir sobre as promessas civilizacionais não cumpridas de 1822-1922, à luz dos imensos desafios do ano de 2022, quando o Brasil completa duzentos anos de soberania política.
From Independence to Empire: health and disease in Brazil in the nineteenth century
Authors: Hochman Gilberto , Pimenta Tânia Salgado , Freitas Ricardo Cabral de
Published: August 2022

Abstract As a presentation of the dossier “From Independence to Empire: health and disease in Brazil in the nineteenth century,” the article contrast “modern Brazil” imagined by the medical and political elites on the occasion of the First Centenary of Independence in 1922 with the numerous problems and challenges in the field of health that the republic, in its third decade, had inherited from the colonial and Imperial periods. In addition, it highlights issues in the history of health in the 19th century that allow the readers of the dossier to reflect on the unfulfilled civilizational promises of 1822-1922 in light of the immense challenges of the year 2022 when Brazil completes two hundred years of political sovereignty.
Physical activity counseling in Primary Health Care
Authors: Moraes Sheylane de Queiroz , Santos Ana Carolina Belther , Fermino Rogério César , Rech Cassiano Ricardo
Published: August 2022

Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and examine the correlates of physical activity counseling by primary health care professionals in Florianopolis, state of Santa Catarina. A face-face survey was carried out with 587 professionals from 49 Health Centers. Physical activity counseling was evaluated in the last 12 months. The correlates explored in the association were sociodemographic, training and professional performance, knowledge of physical activity recommendations and physical activity level. The prevalence of physical activity counseling was 86.2% (95%CI=83.2-88.8%). The professionals most likely to provide counseling were those with graduate degrees in Public Health (OR=3.71; 95%CI: 1.69-9.37), who had academic experiences in primary health care (OR=2.68; 95%CI: 1.32-5.92), who belonged to the Family Health Support Center (OR=4.52; 95%CI: 1.31-28.50), who participated in meetings of physical activity (OR=1.91; 95%CI: 1.08-3.44) and were physically active (OR=1.80; 95%CI: 1.01-3.27). The results show that aspects of training and professional performance and the physical activity level of professionals contribute positively to counseling for physical activity in primary health care.
Dentists’ perceptions and attitudes towards emergency care for women in situations of violence: a scope review
Authors: Pereira Silvilene Giovane Martins , Vargas Andrea Maria Duarte , Sampaio Aline Araujo , Silva Carlos José de Paula , Matoso Bárbara da Silva Mourthé , Ferreira Efigênia Ferreira e
Published: August 2022

Abstract The purpose of this study was to evaluate, through a scope review, studies that address the perceptions and attitudes of dentists regarding the care of women in situations of violence. Using the descriptors women violence, dentist attendance or dentist care, 473 articles were identified, of which 13 were included at the end of the selection process. Although the need for training was predominant, it was not sufficient. There is a weakness in understanding violence as a health problem, in understanding the role of the professional in solving this problem, and the factors that can contribute to its growth or its control. The results revealed that the dentist had greater difficulty than other professionals in coping with the issue and required extensive training. The recognition of these cases of abuse by the dentist requires the incorporation of educational measures that cause cultural changes, deconstruction of gender norms and the denaturalization of this social phenomenon.
Uma revisão bibliográfica sobre a construção da identidade docente no Programa Institucional de Bolsas de Iniciação à Docência na formação inicial de professores de Ciências e Biologia
Authors: Souza Juliana Brandão de , Dias Viviane Borges
Published: August 2022

Resumo: Este trabalho objetivou caracterizar um recorte da dissertação de uma das autoras sobre as contribuições do curso de formação de professores de Ciências e Biologia, para a construção da Identidade Docente dos licenciandos, com ênfase nas oportunidades de iniciação à docência, ainda durante a formação inicial. De abordagem qualitativa, recolhemos dados em artigos sobre o PIBID que envolvem alunos do curso de ciências biológicas ou em conjunto com licenciandos de outros cursos. Os resultados sinalizam que o PIBID tem contribuído significativamente para a aprendizagem e desenvolvimento da Identidade Docente dos licenciandos. Entretanto, foram constatados limites e contradições, entre eles, a qualidade do acompanhamento e aperfeiçoamento de algumas práticas desenvolvidas durante o Programa, a necessidade de expansão da oportunidade aos demais licenciandos, além dos questionamentos sobre a necessidade de agregar na configuração curricular dos cursos de licenciatura as oportunidades desenvolvidas durante o PIBID.
Association between somatotropic axis gene polymorphisms and reproductive efficiency of bovine females: a review
Authors: Cruz Geciele Santos , Correa Regianne Maciel dos Santos , Macedo Daralyns Borges , Emerick Lucas Luz , Castilho Erick Fonseca de , Rodrigues Marília Danyelle Nunes
Published: August 2022

Abstract Reproductive characteristics directly reflect on productive performance, as they determine the number of calves born annually and the interval between generations, thereby affecting the selection intensity. This allows for the determination of the most important economic variables that directly affect the production system. The present study is a literature review of somatotropic axis gene polymorphisms that are associated with reproductive functions in heifers and cows (Bos taurus taurus and Bos taurus indicus). The following characteristics were analyzed from the various studies reviewed: number of services per pregnancy (Nº services/ pregnancy), age at first calving (AFC), calving interval (CI), and period of service calving conception interval (CCI). The research was conducted during the period from 2011 to 2021, and associations were found among all indicators of reproductive efficiency evaluated in heifers and cows, with 27 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs): 18 in GHR, 5 in IGF-I, and 4 in STAT5A. This study revealed the relationships between SNPs and the reproductive efficiency indicators and demonstrated that molecular genetic techniques enhance the animal selection process, resulting in more profitable systems that are sustainable in the long term.
Recusa/ hesitação vacinal - o ponto de vista ético em pandemia de COVID-19
Authors: Gentil João Daniel da Cruz
Published: August 2022

RESUMO Objetivo: Refletir e atualizar conhecimentos sobre hesitação vacinal numa perspetiva ética e bioética. Metodologia: Estudo reflexivo pela leitura e análise de pesquisa bibliográfica entre Dezembro 2020 a Maio 2021 nas bases de dados SciELO, PubMed Central, Direção Geral da Saúde e da Ordem dos Enfermeiros. Resultados: A vacinação visa proteção coletiva. Os efeitos desejáveis no indivíduo não possuem o mesmo valor ético no coletivo, levando a desequilíbrios custo/benefício. A insuficiência da bioética principialista, conduzem-nos ao uso de outros valores morais, como a responsabilidade, solidariedade e justiça social, para a reflexão dos problemas relacionados com a vacinação. Conclusão: Em ética não há soluções perfeitas e estas dependem do contexto. A imunidade de grupo é uma das questões mais discutidas em pandemia. A distribuição equitativa e o princípio da justiça, refletem-se diariamente na profissão de enfermagem.
Aproximações entre sistematização da assistência de enfermagem, complexidade e ontologia na prática profissional do enfermeiro
Authors: Toniolo Rucieli Maria Moreira , Peres Aida Maris , Montezeli Juliana Helena
Published: August 2022

RESUMO Objetivo: Refletir sobre as aproximações entre Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem, ontologia e pensamento complexo na prática profissional do enfermeiro. Método: Estudo teórico reflexivo fundamentado na Teoria da Complexidade de Edgar Morin e nos princípios ontológicos com aplicação computacional possíveis de representações conceituais na enfermagem. Resultados: O paradigma da complexidade rompe com a linearidade e amplia o significado da Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem, favorecendo a conceituação de novas entidades e objetivos, distanciando-se do reducionismo na prática laboral. Considera-se a ontologia como potencial tecnologia para criação de linguagem padronizada capaz de representar a Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem na perspectiva do pensamento complexo. Conclusão: A ontologia facilita a representação formal do conhecimento da Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem, gerando fortalecimento da sua identidade, organização, compartilhamento do conhecimento e informação. Aliada ao pensamento complexo, favorece a difusão de vocabulário comum à enfermagem, contribuindo na experiência e decisões dos enfermeiros.
Quantity-intensity ratio of potassium in gypsiferous soils in Iraq
Authors: Al-Jumaily Mijbil Mohammad , Al-Hamandi Hudhaifa Maan , Al-Obaidi Mohammed Ali , Al-Zidan Radhwan Rafid
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT In gypsiferous soils, potassium (K) undergoes leaching, precipitation and other reactions that reduce its availability. This study aimed to evaluate the physicochemical behavior of K in gypsiferous soils of the Salahaddin province (Iraq), in twelve locations chosen according to the variation in their soil physical and chemical properties. The K adsorption phenomenon was described by using thermodynamic parameters according to the quantity-intensity ratio (Q/I), with the following results: equilibrium activity ratio of 16 to 48 x 10−5 (mol L−1 )1/2, total labile K of 19 to 80 x 10−3 cmolc kg−1, potential buffering capacity of 22 to 42 cmolc kg−1 (mol L−1)−1/2, free energy of exchange of -1.237 to -1.086 kJ mol−1 and Gapon selectivity coefficient of 3.86 to 5.45 (L mol−1)1/2. All the investigated soils are characterized by good potassium reserves, but low in release.
Probable awake bruxism - prevalence and associated factors: a cross-sectional study
Authors: HILGENBERG-SYDNEY Priscila Brenner , LORENZON Ana Laura , PIMENTEL Giovanna , PETTERLE Ricardo Rasmussen , BONOTTO Daniel
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT Introduction: Bruxism is defined as a repetitive activity of masticatory muscles, characterized by the clenching or grinding of the teeth, which can occur during wakefulness (awake bruxism) or during sleep (sleep bruxism). Objectives: The objectives of the present study were to determine the prevalence of awake bruxism and its associated factors. Methods: Sample was composed by 50 participants of both genders, aged between 18 and 60 years, submitted to a clinical examination - to observe the presence of tooth wear, marks on the mucosa, or masseter muscles hypertrophy - and self-applied questionnaires, which evaluated the presence of TMD signs and symptoms, oral behaviors, lifestyles, anxiety level and sleep quality. Results: The prevalence of awake bruxism was 48%. Its presence was statistically and significantly associated with the presence of signs and symptoms of TMD (p=0.002), poor sleep quality (p=0.032), buccal mucosa indentations (p<0.001) and tongue (p=0.011). Age, gender, social characteristics, habits (such as coffee ingestion, smoking, alcoholism and physical activity) and tooth wear were variables that had no significant association with awake bruxism. Conclusions: It was concluded that awake bruxism shows a high prevalence and a positive association with signs and symptoms of TMD and worst sleep quality. In addition, awake bruxism is more likely to occur in individuals who have buccal mucosa indentation and who present high rates of oral habits and oral behaviors.
POLITICAL THEOLOGY: GENESIS OF THE CONCEPT
Authors:   Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yarkeev А. V.
Published: August 2022

Modern socio-political sciences associate «political theology» with the secularization of the social world. The sacralization and theologization of politics allow us to talk about the formation of a secular type of political religiosity, replacing the traditional religion in society. Political theology is understood as a way of thinking about the foundations of power in modern societies, whose symbolic structures, responsible for the foundation of social order and maintaining its coherence, are being destroyed and experiencing a crisis of legitimacy. The article attempts to trace the genesis of the concept of political theology, starting from Greco- Roman antiquity, by explicating key positions that influenced its internal semantic dynamics and conceptual development. As a result, the author concludes that all the key socio-political categories and oppositions underlying the structural and symbolic order of secular society are somehow connected with the theological and political issues. It is argued that all attempts to separate the political from the theological, and the theological from the political, or to subordinate one to the other are doomed to failure in advance, but it is this struggle between the political and the theological, that presupposes the «unity of opposites», that determines the functioning of the theological-political «machine» of Western society.