Effect of Fructose Overconsumption since Early Age on Renal Function and Sympathetic Nerve Activity
Authors: Gomes Guiomar Nascimento , Nishi Erika Emy , Argeri Rogerio , Kimura Debora Conte 
Published: June 2021

Increased consumption of ready‐to‐eat foods and beverages that contain high fructose content may contribute to the onset of cardiovascular and renal diseases. Moreover, fructose overload in diet since prenatal period may increase the risk of the offspring to diseases later in life. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of increased consumption of fructose since prenatal period until adulthood on: blood pressure, renal function and renal sympathetic nerve activity of the offspring at adulthood.

Methods

Females Wistar rats were randomly assigned to groups: Control (C) and Fructose (F). The C group received food and drinking water ad libitum, and F group received food and D‐fructose solution (20%) for drinking ad libitum. In F, the offer of D‐fructose solution begun 1 week before mating and continued during pregnancy and lactation. After birth, the progeny was limited to 8 offspring and designated as Control Offspring (CO) and Fructose Offspring (FO). At 21st day of life, male offspring were placed in collective cages and received the same treatment of the dams. The experiments were performed at 4 months old rats. Direct measurement of systolic arterial blood pressure and mean arterial blood pressure (SAP and MAP), and the registration of the renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) were performed in 6 animals of each group (CO and FO). The renal function parameters were evaluated in other 6 rats of each group. Renal parameters evaluated: glomerular filtration rate (GFR ‐ inulin clearance), renal plasma flow (RPF ‐ PAH clearance), protein excretion (EProt), urine osmolarity (Uosm), urinary excretion/24 h (V), sodium (ENa+) and potassium (EK+) excretion. The study was approved by the Ethical Research Committee of the Universidade Federal de São Paulo (protocol: 2757270117).

Results

Compared with CO group, FO presented higher values of SAP (FO: 165 ± 5 vs CO: 141 ± 6 mmHg) and MAP (FO: 130 ± 5; CO: 110 ± 4 mmHg). FO had decreased GFR (FO: 5.1 ± 0.7; CO: 8.4 ± 0.5 ml/min/kg), Uosm (FO: 305 ± 60; CO: 1522 ± 81 mosm/l) and potassium excretion (FO: 182 ± 18; CO: 302 ± 28 mM/24 h). The urine excretion and protein excretion were increased in FO compared with CO group (V: FO: 52 ± 1; CO: 14 ± 0.7 ml/24 h; EProt: FO: 10.3 ± 1; CO: 6.4 ± 1 mg/24 h). There were no significant differences between the groups regarding the baseline RSNA (FO: 59 ± 4; CO: 71 ± 14 spikes/s), RPF (FO: 15.0 ± 2; CO: 16.2 ± 1 ml/min/kg) and sodium excretion (FO: 91.2 ± 15; CO: 85.7 ± 15 mM/24 h). Values are presented as mean ± sem, p ≤ 0.05.

Conclusions

Our data show that increased consumption of fructose since early age leads to increase in blood pressure and alterations in renal function in the offspring (reduced: GFR, urine osmolarity and potassium excretion; and increased protein excretion).

Support or Funding Information

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This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2018 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal.