bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Occurrence of Research Misconduct and Institutional Capacity to Prevent and Manage Research Misconduct-Perspectives from Kenyan Research Regulators
Authors: Were Edwin , Kiplagat Jepchirchir , Kaguiri Eunice , Ayikukwei Rose , Naanyu Violet
Published: August 2022

Background
Research misconduct is often defined as fabrication, falsification and plagiarism. Its occurrence is associated with individual, institutional, national and global factors. Researcher perceptions of weak or non-existent institutional guidelines on prevention and management of research misconduct encourage these practices. Few countries in Africa have clear guidance on research misconduct. In Kenya, the capacity to prevent or manage research misconduct in academic and research institutions has not been assessed. The objective of this study was to explore the perceptions of Kenyan research regulators on the occurrence of and institutional capacity to prevent or manage research misconduct.
Methods
Key informant interviews with open-ended questions were conducted with 27 research regulators (chairs and secretaries of ethics committees, research directors of academic and research institutions, and national regulatory bodies). Among other questions to explore their perceptions on occurrence of research misconduct and existing institutional capacity to prevent or manage research misconduct, participants were asked: (1) How common is research misconduct in your view? (2) Does your institution have capacity to Prevent research misconduct? (3) Does your institution have capacity to manage research misconduct?. Their responses were audiotaped, transcribed and coded using NVivo software. Deductive coding covered predefined themes including occurrence, prevention detection, investigation and management of research misconduct and illustrative quotes were identified.
Results
Respondents perceived research misconduct to be very common among students. Their responses suggested there was no dedicated capacity to prevent or manage research misconduct at the institutional and national levels. The national research regulator had no specific guidelines on research misconduct. At the institutional level, the only capacity / efforts mentioned were directed at reducing, detecting and managing student plagiarism. There was no direct mention of capacity to manage fabrication and falsification or misconduct by non-student researchers.
Conclusions and Recommendations
Our respondents perceived research misconduct to be common mostly pointing to student plagiarism but not by non-student researchers. Additionally, fabrication and falsification were not mentioned among the concerns. We recommend development of Kenya guidelines, at national and institutional levels, on research misconduct in all its nuances, addressing all potential perpetrators and underpinned by relevant laws.
Observing volcanoes with drones: studies of volcanic plume chemistry with ultralight sensor systems
Authors: Karbach Niklas , Bobrowski Nicole , Hoffmann Thorsten
Published: August 2022

The study of the chemical composition of volcanic emissions is an important method for obtaining information about volcanic systems and providing indirect and unique insights into magmatic processes. However, there is a non-negligible risk associated with sampling directly at volcanic craters or maintaining geochemical monitoring stations at such locations. Spectroscopic remote sensing methods, in turn, can measure only a few species. Here, drones offer the opportunity to bring measurement systems to the scene. Standard parameters that are commonly measured are SO2 and CO2 concentrations, as well as a number of meteorological parameters. The in-flight transmission of data by radio telemetry plays an important role, since visual localization of the volcanic plume from a distance of several kilometers is practically impossible. Until now, larger and quite cost-intensive drones have been used for this purpose, which must first be transported to the site of operation at great expense. Here, we present the development and successful deployment of a very small drone system (empty weight < 0.9 kg) for chemical characterization of volcanic plumes that can be easily transported on foot to difficult-to-access terrain and, moreover, requires only minimal flight and administrative preparations for operation as an aerial observation platform.
Progression of Sarcomatoid Mesothelioma from Mesothelioma In Situ: A Case Report on Morphologic Changes during a Nine-month Interval and Careful Observation of Cytology in Early- stage Mesothelioma
Authors: Yoshida Miho , Jimbo Naoe , Tsukamoto Ryuko , Itoh Tomoo , Kawahara Kunimitsu , Mitsui Suguru , Tanaka Yugo , Maniwa Yoshimasa
Published: August 2022

Background: It had been difficult to distinguish between reactive and malignant conditions due to overlapping morphological characteristics. The development of methods based on detecting genomic abnormalities using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) have contributed greatly to solving this problem. In order to lead it to efficient IHC and/or FISH and final diagnosis of mesothelioma, it is important to pick up bland mesothelioma cells on cytological screening because the first clinical manifestation of pleural mesothelioma (PM) is pleural effusion, which is first sample available for pathological diagnosis.Case presentation: This report describes a case of a 72-year-old man with a history of asbestos exposure presented with pleural effusion as first symptoms and was eventually diagnosed as mesothelioma. He was suspected for mesothelioma on cytology due to prominent cell-in-cell engulfment in mesothelial cells, and the diagnosis of mesothelioma in situ was confirmed by histology. Unexpectedly, the lesion progressed to sarcomatoid mesothelioma with 9 months interval. Both the initial mesothelioma in situ and invasive lesion showed immunohistochemical loss of methylthioadenosine phosphorylase (MTAP) and homozygous deletion of cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (CDKN2A) on fluorescence in situ hybridization. The patient received medication therapy after the diagnosis of sarcomatoid mesothelioma, but the disease progressed and died 12 months after the diagnosis of sarcomatoid mesothelioma.Conclusion: Our case suggests that cell-in-cell engulfment can be conspicuous in early-stage mesothelioma with inconspicuous nuclear atypia and few multinucleated cells. In addition, the presence of MTAP loss and CDKN2A homozygous deletion are suspected to be involved in early progression to invasive lesions and/or sarcomatoid changes. Although interest in and knowledge regarding mesothelioma in situ has been increasing, some diagnostic problems can be challenging even for experts. In our opinion, it is important to consider genetic abnormalities when deciding on individual patient management. At least, we believe that cases of mesothelioma, even if in situ lesion, with MTAP loss and/or CDKN2A deletion should be performed carefully followed up or early treatment intervention.
Local Control of Brain Metastases with Osimertinib Alone in Patients with EGFR-mutant Non- Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Hui Caressa , Qu Vera , Wang Jen-Yeu , Eyben Rie , Chang Yu-Cheng , Chiang Po-Lin , Liang Chih-Hung , Lu Jen-Tang , Li Gordon , Hayden-Gephart Melanie , Wakelee Heather , Neal Joel , Ramchandran Kavitha , Das Millie , Nagpal Seema , Soltys Scott , Myall Nathaniel , Pollom Erqi
Published: August 2022

Purpose: Although osimertinib has excellent intracranial activity in metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with exon 19 deletion or L858R EGFR alterations, measures of local control of brain metastases are less well-reported. We describe lesion-level outcomes of brain metastases treated with osimertinib alone.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed patients with EGFR-mutant NSCLC with untreated brain metastasis measuring ≥5 mm at the time of initiating osimertinib. Cumulative incidence of local recurrence in brain (LRiB) was calculated with death as a competing risk, and univariable and multivariable analyses were conducted to identify factors associated with LRiB. Results: We included 284 brain metastases from 37 patients. Median follow-up was 20.1 months. On initial MRI after starting osimertinib, patient-level response was complete response (CR) in 11 (15%), partial response (PR) in 33 (45%), stable disease (SD) in 18 (25%) and progressive disease (PD) in 11 (15%). The 1-year cumulative incidence of LRiB was 14% (95% CI 9.9-17.9) and was significantly different in patients with a CR (0%), PR (4%), and SD (11%; p=0.02). Uncontrolled primary tumor (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 3.78, 95% CI 1.87-7.66; p<0.001), increasing number of prior systemic therapies (aHR 2.12, 95% CI 1.49-3.04; p<0.001), and higher ECOG score (aHR 7.8, 95% CI 1.99-31.81; p=0.003) were associated with LRiB. Conclusions: Although 1-year risk of LRiB is <4% with a CR or PR, 1-year risk of LRiB is over 10% for patients with less than a PR to osimertinib. These patients should be followed closely for need for additional treatment such as stereotactic radiosurgery.
First ancient DNA analysis of mummies from the post-Scythian Oglakhty cemetery in South Siberia
Authors: Nedoluzhko Artem , Pankova Svetlana , Vergasova Ekaterina , Plotnikov Nikolay , Kim Anna , Shulpin Mikhail , Nenasheva Natalia , Adameyko Kim , Poliakov Andrei , Pogodina Nadezhda , Rakitko Alexander , Ilinskaya Anna , Ilinsky Valery
Published: August 2022

The Minusinsk Basin in Southern Siberia had unique conditions for the development of ancient societies, thanks to its geographical location, favorable climatic conditions, and relative isolation. Located at the northern periphery of the eastern Eurasian steppe, surrounded by the Altai-Sayan Mountains this area witnessed numerous ancient human migrations with specific types of interaction between outside and local archaeological cultures. The genomic history of the human population of Southern Siberia from the Chalcolithic to the middle Bronze Age has been relatively well described in the recent genome-wide studies, while the genetic ancestry of populations, represented by diverse archaeological cultures of the Late Bronze and Early Iron Ages, remains a blank spot for modern paleogenomics. Here, for the first time, we present two ancient nuclear genomes of the individuals buried in the Oglakhty cemetery (early Tashtyk culture, 2nd to 4th centuries AD). Our pilot study is undertaken within a multidisciplinary project on this noteworthy site with well-preserved organic remains and provides fresh paleogenomic data on the ancient societies of Southern Siberia.
Maternal RBPMS2 protein plays a crucial role in mouse blastocyst formation
Authors: Zhou Cheng , Zheng Lu , Teng Hui , Yang Ye , Ma Rujun , Wang Shuxian , Yang Yang , Jing Jun , Li Meiling , Cheng Xi , Lin Ying , Xu Juanjuan , Wu Ronghua , Chen Li , Yao Bing
Published: August 2022

Background Maternal factors that accumulate and stored in the cytoplasm of mature oocytes regulate preimplantation embryogenesis through many aspects, like pronuclear formation, genome reprogramming, zygotic genome activation and cell fate determination. However, most of maternal factors are still unknown. We investigated the role of the maternal protein RBPMS2 during early embryo development in mice and explored the underlying mechanisms. Methods The expression pattern of rbpms2 in mouse were analyzed by qRT-PCR and immunofluorescence staining. The effect of knockdown of RBPMS2 on embryo development was evaluated through microinjection of specific morpholino. RNA sequencing was performed for mechanistic analysis. The interaction between RBPMS2 and BMP pathway was studied using BMP inhibitor and activator. The effect of the localization of E-cadherin was determined by immunofluorescence staining. Results The maternal protein RBPMS2 is highly expressed in mouse oocytes and knockdown of RBPMS2 inhibits embryo development from the morula to blastocyst stage. Mechanically, RNA sequencing showed the differentially expressed genes were enriched in TGF-β signaling pathway. We then found embryo arrested in morula stage by adding BMP inhibitor into KSOM medium. And the morula-stage arrest defect caused by RBPMS2 knockdown was partially rescued by BMP activator. Furthermore, localization of E-cadherin in the membrane was impaired in response to knockdown of RBPMS2 or inhibition of BMP pathway. Conclusion Our study suggests that RBPMS2 activates the BMP pathway and thus influences the localization of E-cadherin, which is important for early mouse embryo development during compaction.
On using undirected graph techniques for directed graphs through Category Theory
Authors: Guerra Sebastian Prado , George Vivek Kurien , Morar Vikash , Joshua Roldan , Silva Gabriel
Published: August 2022

Many complex systems are modeled as graphs. Depending on the setting, graphs can be either directed or undirected. While many computational tools have been developed for both types of graphs, some tools only exist for undirected graphs. Thus, creating a ’bridge’ that connects directed graphs to undirected graphs would unlock the potential for using undirected graph techniques in appropriate directed graph contexts. We used Category Theory in a novel way to map a simple directed graph to a bipartite undirected graph that we call a prime graph. Formally, we show that there exists an isomorphism between the category of simple directed graphs and a category of prime graphs whose objects are labeled undirected bipartite graphs. The labeling is what gives the notion of direction to an undirected graph. By taking advantage of the isomorphism between these two categories, we extend undirected graph techniques to directed graph contexts by converting the directed graphs into prime graphs. We demonstrate this framework by applying it to the problems of network alignment and spectral graph clustering.
Effects of different short-term tillage managements on soil microbial biomass turnover in the double-cropping rice field of southern China
Authors: Tang Haiming , Li Chao , Shi Lihong , Wen Li , Li Weiyan , Cheng Kaikai , Xiao Xiaoping
Published: August 2022

Soil microbial biomass were usually regarded as a sensitive indicators in varied of soil fertility and soil quality, and its turnover in paddy field were mainly influenced on by applied with different tillage managements. However, the effects of different short-term (7-years) tillage managements on soil microbial biomass turnover in paddy field under the double-cropping rice system were still need to further investigate. Therefore, the varied of soil microbial biomass carbon (SMBC), soil microbial biomass nitrogen (SMBN) contents, flux turnover rate of SMBC and SMBN at 0–10 cm and 10–20 cm layers in the double-cropping rice field of southern China with different tillage practices were studied. The tillage experiment set up four treatments: conventional tillage and straw returning (CT), rotary tillage and straw returning (RT), no-tillage and straw returning (NT), and rotary tillage with all straw removed from paddy field as a control (RTO). The results showed that SMBC and SMBN contents at 0–10 cm and 10–20 cm layers in paddy field with CT, RT and NT treatments were significantly increased, compared with RTO treatment. Compared with RTO treatment, SMBC and SMBN contents at 0–10 cm and 10–20 cm layers in paddy field with CT treatment increased by 28.99%, 33.31% and 17.84%, 16.52%, respectively. Flux of SMBC and SMBN at 0–10 cm and 10–20 cm layers in paddy field with CT and RT treatments were significantly higher than that of RTO treatment. This results indicated that flux turnover rate of SMBC and SMBN at 0–10 cm and 10–20 cm layers in paddy field with CT, RT treatments were significantly higher than that of RTO treatment. Compared with RTO treatment, flux turnover rate of SMBC and SMBN at 0–10 cm and 10–20 cm layers in paddy field with CT treatment increased by 65.49%, 39.61% and 114.91%, 119.35%, respectively. SMBC and SMBN contents, flux turnover rate of SMBC and SMBN at 0–10 cm layer were higher than that of 10–20 cm layer in paddy field with the same tillage treatment. Therefore, applied with rotary tillage or conventional tillage and straw returning were beneficial managements for increasing soil nutrient and soil productivity under the double-cropping rice system in southern of China.
Differential diagnosis of uterine adenosarcoma: identification of JAZF1-BCORL1 rearrangement by comprehensive cancer genome profiling
Authors: Hasegawa Chie , Washimi Kota , Hiroshima Yukihiko , Kasajima Rika , Kikuchi Keiji , Notomi Tsuguto , Kato Hisamori , Hiruma Toru , Sato Shinya , Okubo Yoichiro , Yoshioka Emi , Ono Kyoko , Miyagi Yohei , Yokose Tomoyuki
Published: August 2022

Background: Uterine adenosarcoma is a rare malignant tumor that accounts for 8% of all uterine sarcomas, and less than 0.2% of all uterine malignancies. However, it is frequently misdiagnosed in clinical examinations, including pathological diagnosis, and imaging studies owing to its rare and non-specific nature, which is further compounded by the lack of specific diagnostic markers. Case Presentation: We report a case of uterine adenosarcoma for which a comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) test provided a chance to reach the proper diagnosis. The patient, a woman in her 60s with a history of uterine leiomyoma was diagnosed with an intra-abdominal mass post presentation with abdominal distention and loss of appetite. She was suspected to have gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST), and the laparotomically excised mass was found to comprise uniform spindle-shaped cells that grew in bundles with a herringbone architecture, and occasional myxomatous stroma. Immunostaining revealed no specific findings, resulting in the tumor being diagnosed as a spindle cell tumor/suspicious adult fibrosarcoma. The tumor relapsed during postoperative follow-up, and showed size reduction with chemotherapy, prior to regrowing. CGP was performed to identify a possible treatment, which resulted in detection of a JAZF1-BCORL1 rearrangement. Since the rearrangement has been reported in uterine sarcomas, we reevaluated specimens of the preceding uterine leiomyoma, which revealed the presence of adenosarcoma components in the corpus uteri. Further, both the uterine adenosarcoma and intra-abdominal mass were partially positive for CD10 and BCOR staining. Conclusions: These results conclusively identified the abdominal tumor as a metastasis of the uterine adenosarcoma. The JAZF1-BCORL1 rearrangement is predominantly associated with uterine stromal sarcomas, and ours is the second report of the same in an adenosarcoma thus far. Adenosarcomas are rare and difficult to diagnose, especially in atypical cases with scarce glandular epithelial components. Identification of rearrangements involving BCOR or BCORL1, will encourage BCOR staining analysis, thereby potentially resulting in better diagnostic outcomes. Given that platinum-based chemotherapy was proposed as the treatment choice for this patient post diagnosis with adenosarcoma, CGP also indirectly contributed to designing the best suited treatment protocol.
Formation of Ir-MgO solid solutions analyzed with X-ray absorption spectroscopy
Authors: Okumura Kazu , Hoshi Hitomi , Iiyoshi Hikaru
Published: August 2022

Thermal treatment of MgO-loaded Ir nanoparticles or Ir(OAc)3 formed Ir-MgO solid solutions (Ir valence 3+). Characteristic Ir − O bond distance shrinkage was observed compared with that of the nearest neighboring Mg − O bond in MgO. Ir-MgO dispersion exhibited a two-spike pattern depending on the treatment temperature owing to the formation and successive segregation of the solid solutions.
A Randomized, Controlled Phase I clinical study to assess the Safety and Immunogenicity of a Yellow Fever Vaccine in adults
Authors: Kulkarni Prasad , Desai Sajjad , K Anil , Potey Anirudha , Y Sindhu , Grappi Silvia , Lapini Giulia , Montomoli Emanuele , Poonawalla Cyrus
Published: August 2022

Background
Yellow fever, a mosquito borne flavivirus infection, is an important public health problem in Africa and Latin America. A Yellow Fever vaccine (YFV) was developed and tested in a study in India.
Methods
This was a Phase I, open-label, randomized, controlled study where healthy adults received SII YFV intramuscularly (SII YFV IM), SII YFV subcutaneously (SII YFV SC) or STAMARIL® (Sanofi-Pasteur) in 1:1:1 ratio. They were followed for solicited reactions for 10 days and unsolicited events for 28 days and serious adverse events for 3 months. YF neutralizing antibodies were measured at baseline and on Days 10, 14, 28.
Results
A total of 60 adults were enrolled in the study. The proportion of participants with solicited reactions was 10%, 40% and 25% in SII YFV SC, SII YFV IM and STAMARIL® arms, respectively. No causally related unsolicited AEs or any SAE was reported. After vaccination, the seroconversion was 94.44%, 100% and 100%, in the three arms respectively. The post-vaccination GMTs were similar in the study arms.
Conclusion
The new YFV was found safe and immunogenic by IM as well as SC routes. The vaccine can be tested in further phases of clinical studies.
Effects of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate on the combined toxicity of multi-walled carbon nanotubes and cadmium to Escherichia coli
Authors: Li Mei , Fu Yong , Pei Jianchuan , Huang Yuehong
Published: August 2022

The combined biological toxicity of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and the coexisting pollutants have attracted increasing attention. As a common used surfactant, sodium dodecyl benzenesulfonate (SDBS) could interact with both CNTs and heavy metals. Escherichia coli ( E.coli ) was chosen as a model microorganism, and the effects of SDBS on the combined toxicity of three types of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and Cd 2+ were studied. The three types of MWCNTs with the concentration below 200 mg∙L -1 didn’t show obvious growth inhibition to E.coli , and they reduced the toxicity of Cd 2+ to different degrees with the order of carboxylated MWCNTs > hydroxylated MWCNTs > MWCNTs without surface functional groups. The combined toxicity of all the three types of MWCNTs and 10 mg∙L -1 of Cd 2+ increased with the increasing SDBS concentration. The free Cd 2+ and Cd 2+ complexing with SDBS (SDBS-Cd + ) were the main toxicity sources for the mixture of MWCNTs, Cd 2+ , and SDBS. SDBS-Cd + increased the bacterial outer membrane permeability, and thus enhanced the combined toxicity of Cd 2+ and MWCNTs. The results could provide a scientific basis for the ecological risk assessment of water polluted by surfactants, carbon nanotubes and heavy metals.
Expression of PSTPIP1 in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma and its prognostic value
Authors: Sun Li , Liu Zhenghong , Qin Xiaowen , Wang Heng , Zhang Pu , Zheng Bin , Mou Yixuan , Zhang Dahong
Published: August 2022

Purpose: Kidney renal clear cell carcinoma is the most common histological form of kidney cancer, but targeted therapy is still lacking. PSTPIP1 is associated with multiple immune-related pathways and has higher expression in tumor tissue. Thus, the correlation of PSTPIP1 and KIRC was studied to evaluate the effect of PSTPIP1 on KIRC progression.Methods: The Oncomine and UALCAN databases were used to analyze PSTPIP1 mRNA expression in KIRC. Then, IHC was performed to detect PSTPIP1 protein in clinical samples. Next, the chi-square test, univariate analysis and multivariate analysis were performed to verify the relationship between PSTPIP1 and KIRC. Finally, coexpressed genes and enriched pathways were obtained from the TCGA and GSEA databases. A protein‒protein interaction network was constructed to assist in mechanism analysis.Results: Both the bioinformatics analysis based on several databases and IHC experiment results showed an obvious upregulation of PSTPIP1 expression in cancer tissue. The high expression of PSTPIP1 significantly reduced the median survival time and was related to tumor size, Edmondson grade and TNM stage. Further analysis indicated that PSTPIP1 may promote prognosis through various immune responses, suggesting that PSTPIP1 may be a potential biomarker for KIRC diagnosis and therapy.
BuscoPhylo: A webserver for Busco-Based Phylogenomic Analysis for Non-specialists
Authors: Sahbou Alae-Eddine , Iraqi Driss , Mentag Rachid , KHAYI Slimane
Published: August 2022

Here we present BuscoPhylo tool that enables to both students and established scientists to easily perform Busco-Based Phylogenomic Analysis starting from a set of genomes sequences. BuscoPhylo is an efficient and user-friendly web server freely accessible at https://buscophylo.inra.org.ma/. The source code, along with documentation, is freely available under an MIT license at https://github.com/alaesahbou/BuscoPhylo.
A Genetic Risk Score using human chromosomal-scale length variation can predict breast cancer
Authors: Ko Charmeine , Brody James P.
Published: August 2022

Introduction.The ability to accurately predict whether a woman will develop breast cancer later in her life, should reduce the number of breast cancer deaths. Different predictive models exist for breast cancer based on family history, BRCA status, and SNP analysis. The best of these models has an accuracy (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, AUC) of about 0.65. We have developed computational methods to characterize a genome by a small set of numbers that represent the length of segments of the chromosomes, called chromosomal-scale length variation (CSLV).Methods.We built machine learning models to differentiate between women who had breast cancer and women who did not based on their CSLV characterization. We applied this procedure to two different datasets: the UK Biobank (1,534 women with breast cancer and 4,391 women who did not) and the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) 874 with breast cancer and 3,381 without.Results.We found a machine learning model that could predict breast cancer with an AUC of 0.836 95% CI(0.830.0.843) in the UK Biobank data. Using a similar approach with the TCGA data, we obtained a model with an AUC of 0.704 95%CI(0.702,0.706). Variable importance analysis indicated that no single chromosomal region was responsible for significant fraction of the model results.Conclusion.Chromosomal-scale length variation can be used to effectively predict whether or not a woman will develop breast cancer.
Techno-economic performance comparison of wind turbines with different rated power at the Gwadar wind corridor using RET Screen 4
Authors: Muddasar Muhammad
Published: August 2022

This rigorous study is based on techno-economic performance analysis of wind turbines with different rated power (2MW & 3MW) for Gwadar using RETScreen 4 software. The software collects climatic data form its database and requires input parameters including wind shear exponent, wind turbine selection, hub height, and some costs to generate outcomes required for financial and technical analysis. Hellman power law is used to extrapolate wind speed at the required height. It is verified that the speed of wind significantly gets stronger with an increase in height. The techno-economic analysis is subdivided into three analyses named energy production, financial and emission analysis and then comparative analysis of both wind turbines is performed for each analysis to select the best turbine for the Gwadar site. Comparative analysis of 2MW & 3MW wind turbines is performed based on a capacity factor, the electricity that can be exported to the grid, Net Present Value, Internal Rate of Return, payback period, annual savings and GHG emissions reduction. The study indicates that the 3MW wind turbine is a suitable and profitable option to be installed at Gwadar.Statement of Industrial relevance:Wind energy is a viable option used for the clean generation of energy in Pakistan to meet the electricity demands of the nation and to reduce dependency on fossil fuel power plants. This study provides helpful insights to wind energy sector of Pakistan. The major objective of this research is to help the renewable energy companies to invest in the wind corridors of Pakistan.Novelty statement:The author believes to the best of his knowledge that none other work has previously been reported for the selection of most suitable wind turbine at Gwadar wind corridor on the basis of technoeconomic analysis. RET Screen 4 utilization for this purpose is also a novelty of this work. This study indicates that the 3MW wind turbine is a suitable and profitable option to be installed at Gwadar.
Monitoring and Dietary Exposure Assessment of Elements in Mediterranean Mussels in İstanbul, Türkiye
Authors: TÜRKOĞLU Semra
Published: August 2022

In this study, concentrations of elements were determined by an ICP-MS device in the edible tissues of Mytilus galloprovincialis. According to the results obtained in the study, As, Pb, Cd, Ni, and Zn in the digestive gland of M. galloprovincialis were above the maximum limits (mgkg-1), which were 0.67 for Cd, 6.9 for As, 0.79 for Pb, 2 for Ni and 42.6 for Zn. The results show that Cd and As mean concentrations in muscle of M. galloprovincialis and Cd and Ni mean concentrations in gills of M. galloprovincialis were above the maximum limits. Furthermore, it was observed that the highest value belonged to As in the digestive gland of mussels with 65.4% of Provisional Tolerable Weekly Intake. In addition to, the lowest percentage belonged to Zn with 0.2% of PTWI in muscles and 0.3% of PTWI in gills of the mussels.
Experimentelle Untersuchungen der Starkfeldionisation von Atomen und Molekülen
Authors:   , Trabert Daniel
Published: August 2022

In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde die Ionisation von Atomen und Molekülen in starken Laserfeldern experimentell untersucht. Hierbei kam die COLTRIMS-Technik zur koinzidenten Messung der Impulse aller aus einem Ionisationsereignis stammender Ionen und Elektronen zum Einsatz. Unter Mitwirkung des Autors wurde ein COLTRIMS-Reaktionsmikroskop umgebaut und mit einem neuen Spektrometer sowie einer atomaren Wasserstoffquelle ausgestattet. Des Weiteren entstand ein interferometrischer Aufbau zur Erzeugung von Zwei-Farben-Feldern. Aus jedem der vorgestellten Experimente konnten Informationen über die elektronische Wellenfunktion an der Grenze zum klassisch verbotenen Bereich gewonnen werden. Dies geschah sowohl im Hinblick auf die Amplitude, als auch auf die Phase der Wellenfunktion. Mit dem Wasserstoffatom (Kapitel 9), dem Wasserstoffmolekül (Kapitel 10) und dem Argondimer (Kapitel 11) wurden drei Systeme unterschiedlicher Komplexität gewählt.
Grape Tomato Growth, Yield, and Fruit Mineral Content as Affected by Rootstocks in a High Tunnel Organic Production System
Authors: Gong Tian , Zhang Xuelian , Brecht Jeffrey K. , Black Zachary E. , Zhao Xin
Published: August 2022

Recently, so-called “vegetative” and “generative” rootstocks have been identified by seed companies as rootstock types that have different impacts on tomato scions. In this experiment of grafted grape tomato production in an organically managed high tunnel system, we characterized the effects of vegetative and generative rootstock cultivars on tomato yield components and fruit mineral contents. Grape tomato scions ‘BHN 1022’ (determinate) and ‘Sweet Hearts’ (indeterminate) were grafted onto ‘DR0141TX’ (vegetative), ‘Estamino’ (generative), and ‘Multifort’ (noncharacterized) rootstocks with self- and nongrafted scions as controls. Experiments were conducted twice with different transplanting dates (Expt. 1: 31 Jan. vs. Expt. 2: 9 Mar.) in 2018. No rootstock by scion interaction effects on whole-season fruit yield components were observed, indicating similar responses of determinate and indeterminate grape tomato scions to all rootstocks tested. For Expt. 1, the three rootstocks increased marketable fruit number, marketable yield, and total yield by 23.3%, 37.9%, and 34.4% on average, respectively, compared with the self- and nongrafted controls, primarily due to improved productivity during the peak and late harvest periods. For Expt. 2, the rootstocks did not significantly benefit any whole-season yield components. ‘DR0141TX’ and ‘Multifort’ increased stem diameter in both experiments, whereas ‘Estamino’ only increased stem diameter in Expt. 2 relative to the nongrafted controls. Consistent increase in aboveground dry biomass of rootstock treatments at crop termination in Expt. 1 corresponded to the greater yield of rootstock-grafted plants in that experiment. All rootstocks in both experiments consistently increased fruit P, K, Ca, Zn, and Fe contents on a dry weight basis at peak harvest regardless of the tomato scion used. Despite a relatively low level of root-knot nematode infestation, plants grafted with ‘DR0141TX’ or ‘Estamino’ tended to have lower root galling index ratings than scion controls and ‘Multifort’-grafted plants, which was more evident in Expt. 1. Given the different environmental conditions during the tomato production period between the two experiments conducted in high tunnels, our findings highlight the important influence of production environment on grafted tomato performance. This study on grafted grape tomatoes in high tunnel organic production systems also demonstrated that so-called “vegetative” and “generative” rootstocks had similar impacts on tomato scion yield components and fruit mineral contents.
WHAT WE DRINK IS IT SAFE? AN ASSESSMENT OF DRINKING WATER IN KOCH BIHAR DISTRICT, WEST BENGAL
Authors:   Research Scholar, Department of Geography Cooch Behar Panchanan Barma University., Karmakar Dilip , Sarkar Bappa ,   Assistant Professor, Head of the Department of Geography, Dinhata College.
Published: August 2022

The groundwater quality of Koch Bihar District (West Bengal, India) has been assessed to determine the suitability of groundwater for drinking. Eight parameters have been taken into account for calculating the water quality index (WQI): pH, total hardness (TH), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), carbonate (CO32-) and bicarbonate (HCO3-), chloride (Cl), iron (Fe) and sulfate (SO42-). Secondary data on water quality were collected from Central Ground Water Commission (2018), and the samples of water have been collected from the various locations and analyzed accordingly. The physico-chemical data were evaluated following the standards of BIS and WHO guidelines. The calculated WQI ranges from 23.62 to 95.12. In terms of groundwater quality for drinking purposes, Tufanganj-1 and Koch Bihar-1 seem to be the worst blocks. The magnesium (Mg) concentration exceeds the acceptable limit of 30 mg/l in Mathabhanga I, Mathabhanga II, Koch Bihar II, Dinhata II, and Sitai Block and Koch Bihar II exceeds its permissible limit (100mg/ l). The Iron (Fe) value exceeds the acceptable limit of 0.5 mg/l in Koch Bihar II. The Total Hardness (TH) value exceeds the acceptable limit (200 mg/l) in Mekhliganj, Mathabhanga-I, Koch Bihar-I, Koch Bihar-II, Tufanganj II, Dinhata II, Sitai. However, no sample crosses the maximum acceptable limit for pH, carbonate, chloride, and sulfate. It is suggested that water drawn from such sources be disinfected adequately before being used for drinking or other domestic purposes.
ANTERIOR ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION COMPLICATED WITH VENTRICULAR SEPTAL RUPTURE: CASE REPORTS AND LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors:   Department of Cardiology B, Maternity Hospital IBN Sina Center, Rabat, Morocco., Samih Amina , Ezzahraoui Rhita ,   Department of Cardiology B, Maternity Hospital IBN Sina Center, Rabat, Morocco., Bouamoud Asmaa ,   Department of Cardiology B, Maternity Hospital IBN Sina Center, Rabat, Morocco., Dib Hassan ,   Department of Cardiology B, Maternity Hospital IBN Sina Center, Rabat, Morocco., Zarzur Jamila ,   Department of Cardiology B, Maternity Hospital IBN Sina Center, Rabat, Morocco.,   Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohamed V University, Rabat, Morocco., Cherti Mohammed ,   Department of Cardiology B, Maternity Hospital IBN Sina Center, Rabat, Morocco.,   Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohamed V University, Rabat, Morocco.
Published: August 2022

Post-myocardial infarction (MI)ventricular septal defect (VSD) is a mechanical complication that has become infrequent since the advent of reperfusion strategies however, it is associated with cardiogenic shock in 12% of cases and represents a significant mortality factor. Surgical treatment is often mandatory in the early period after anterior myocardial infarction(AMI) .Thus, early and appropriate management can reduce 30-40% mortality at 30 days.(1) We present three cases of anterior myocardial infarction complicated by apical VSD, emphasizing the major role of echocardiography in the diagnosis of this fatal complication.
INFLUENCE DE LA TEMPERATURE ET DU CHAMP MAGNETIQUE SUR LA DECROISSANCE TRANSITOIRE DE LA DENSITE DES PORTEURS DE CHARGE DANS UNE PHOTOPILE AU SILICIUM A MULTI JONCTIONS VERTICALES CONNECTEES EN PARALLELE ET PLACEE ENCIRCUIT OUVERT
Authors:   Groupe International de Recherche en Energie Renouvelable(GIRER). BP. 15003, Dakar, Senegal., Diop Pape , Gueye Sega ,   Groupe International de Recherche en Energie Renouvelable(GIRER). BP. 15003, Dakar, Senegal., Diop Gora ,   Groupe International de Recherche en Energie Renouvelable(GIRER). BP. 15003, Dakar, Senegal.,   Ecole Polytechnique de Thies-Senegal., Faye Dibor ,   Groupe International de Recherche en Energie Renouvelable(GIRER). BP. 15003, Dakar, Senegal., Diatta Ibrahima ,   Groupe International de Recherche en Energie Renouvelable(GIRER). BP. 15003, Dakar, Senegal., Khalsoum Dieng Oumou ,   Institut Universitaire de Technologie-Universite Iba Der THIAM de Thies-Senegal., Sow Ousmane ,   Institut Universitaire de Technologie-Universite Iba Der THIAM de Thies-Senegal., Thiame Moustapha ,   Universie Assane SECK, Ziguinchor-Senegal., Wade Mamadou ,   Ecole Polytechnique de Thies-Senegal., Sissoko Gregoire ,   Groupe International de Recherche en Energie Renouvelable(GIRER). BP. 15003, Dakar, Senegal.
Published: August 2022

Une etude de leffet de la temperature et du champ magnetique sur une photopile au silicium a jonctions verticales connectees en parallele, est presentee,en fonctionnement de regime transitoire de circuit ouvert. La densite transitoire de porteurs minoritaires en exces dans la base est une somme de termes infinis, dont le temps de decroissance des differentes harmoniques est etudie. Lepaisseur optimum de la base permet de determiner la temperature optimum qui influe sur le temps de decroissance du regime transitoire.
ICT USAGE STATUS IN THE TEACHING AND LEARNING OF MATHEMATICS IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS OF MIZORAM
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, Pachhunga University College, Aizawl - 796001., Thangmawia L. , Hussain Jamal ,   Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Mizoram University, Tanhril- 796004.
Published: August 2022

The geography of the Mizoram state makes it a remote state. Due to its remoteness, connectivity and modern ICT application in teaching and learning remain a vital concern in the state. Therefore, it is an immediate need to know how teachers use information and communication technologies (ICT) in mathematics teaching. To understand how teachers use ICT, an investigation of the various factors that may impact ICT use in content areas such as mathematics is the need of the hour. This study investigates the availability and frequency of ICT use and examines factors contributing to the barrier to teachers ICT use in mathematics teaching. This analysis showed that ICT resources are available to all the teachers in the region, the lack of interest in teaching in ICT is depends on the teachers experience, the type of school does not determine the ICT implementation, whether it is government or private and ICT training programmes conducted by the government does not reach to all the teachers in the state. The finding can provide vital links to help stakeholders and the government for effective use of ICT in mathematics teaching.
STUDY OF ANTIDIABETIC ACTIVITY OF ALLI CHOORANAM (NYMPHAEA NOUCHALI)BURM.F)
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Medicine, Santhigiri Siddha Medical College, Pothencodu, Trivandrum., Syamaroopa Jnanathapaswini Janani
Published: August 2022

Present study was undertaken to evaluate the antidiabetic activity of hydroalcoholic extract of powder of rhizome & flower of the plant Alli (Nymphaea nouchali burm.f.) in rats. Diabetes was induced by Single intraperitoneal injection of Streptozotocin monohydrate (STZ)(150mg/kg) and randomly divided in to five groups. Animals were treated with low (200mgkg) & high dose (400mgkg) of hydroalcoholic extract of powder of rhizome & flower of the plant Alli (Nymphea nouchali burm.f.)up to 28 days. Body weight & Blood glucose level (BGL) were measured in weekly basis. After 28 days of treatment animal were sacrificed by mild ether anesthesia blood & vital organ were collected to estimate biochemical parameters & to study histopathological changes. A single-dose administration of Streptozotocin induced hyperglycemia in all the groups. A regular rise in BGL was observed in toxic control groups when compared with the normal control. Daily oral administration of rats with extracts of Alli chooranam (Nymphaea nouchali burm.f.)and standard drug (Glibenclamide, 10 mg/kg), lowered elevated BGL significantly (pâ€‰<â€‰0.001), and body weight was retrieved in diabetic rats.. The study revealed that Alli chooranam (Nymphea nouchali burm.f.)possesses .promising antidiabetic activity.
Salud Mental, hábitos de sueño y nivel de actividad física en estudiantes de medicina en la educación virtual
Authors: Cabrera Mora Marieth Natalia , Alegría Hoyos Camila Andrea , Villaquiran Hurtado Andrés Felipe , Jácome Sandra Jimena
Published: August 2022

Introducción: el aislamiento trajo consigo cambios metodológicos en el desarrollo de los planes de estudio tradicionales a estrategias educativas virtuales, lo que pudo afectar la salud mental, hábitos de sueño y los niveles de actividad física durante la pandemia por COVID-19 en los estudiantes universitarios. Objetivo: determinar el estado de salud mental, los hábitos de sueño y el nivel de actividad física durante la educación virtual por COVID-19 en estudiantes del programa de medicina de una universidad pública en el departamento del Cauca. Método: estudio descriptivo, realizado a 268 estudiantes del programa de medicina seleccionados mediante muestreo no probabilístico, quienes diligenciaron una encuesta a través de la plataforma de cuestionarios de Google, la cual contenía 54 preguntas divididas en tres componentes: características demográficas y de aislamiento; estado de la salud mental; hábitos de sueño y nivel de actividad física. Resultados: el 58,6% de la población estudiantil sintió cansancio sin razón aparente; el 41,8% algunas veces presentó dificultad para conciliar el sueño; más de la mitad de la población presentó cambios de humor; el 48,5% (n=130) no realizaron actividad física. Además, se encontró relación entre salud mental y hábitos de sueño, hallándose significancia estadística entre ansiedad y alteración en el apetito. Conclusiones: la educación virtual durante la pandemia, produjo produjo alteraciones en los hábitos de sueño, cambios de humor (tristeza, ansiedad, irritabilidad y miedo), un bajo nivel de actividad física, además, se encontró relación entre los cambios emocionales, el apetito y los hábitos de sueño.
Características epidemiológicas y clínicas de gestantes y mujeres postparto con cefalea en una institución de alta complejidad en el período comprendido entre 2014-2016
Authors: Martínez Gaviria José David , González Obando Paulina , Rodríguez Padilla Libia María , Herrera Correa David , Benjumea Zuluaga María Cristina , Mesa Arango Juan Esteban , Vazart Hernández Ximena , Berdugo Mesa Sara
Published: August 2022

Objetivo: determinar las características epidemiológicas y clínicas de las pacientes embarazadas y en postparto con cefalea atendidas en una institución de alta complejidad. Métodos: estudio descriptivo retrospectivo que incluyó gestantes y mujeres en postparto que presentaron cefalea durante 2014-2016 atendidas por el servicio de neurología de un centro de referencia. La información de las variables se obtuvo a partir de la revisión de historias clínicas; la clasificación de las cefaleas se realizó con base en los criterios propuestos por la IHS (International Headache Society) en su tercera edición. Resultados: se revisaron las historias clínicas de 1253 pacientes, de las cuales 95 cumplieron los criterios de elegibilidad del estudio. De estas, 74 (77,9%) estaban embarazadas y 21 (22,1%) estaban en período postparto. La mayoría de las gestantes, 41 (55,4%) estaban en tercer trimestre. La cefalea se clasificó como primaria en 69 (72,6%) pacientes, siendo más frecuente la migraña en 60/69 (87%). Los síntomas más frecuentes fueron: náuseas en 66 (69,5%), fotofobia en 64 (67,4%), y fonofobia en 58 (61,1%) pacientes. Se presentaron complicaciones en 19 pacientes (20%) durante la hospitalización; de estas, la más común fue el estado migrañoso, en 12 (63,2%) pacientes. Conclusiones: el tipo de cefalea más común fue la migraña, que, aunque es benigna, genera mucha morbilidad. Es de vital importancia determinar la presencia de banderas rojas de cefalea con el fin de descartar una patología causal subyacente que puede poner en riesgo la vida de la madre y del bebé.
Tumor filoides maligno con diferenciación angiosarcomatosa
Authors: Ríos-Córdoba Diana Carolina , Figueroa-Cuesta Juan David , Pardo-Bustamante Maria del pilar , Varela-Aguirre Gabriel Jaime , Sánchez-Henao Ana Milena
Published: August 2022

Los tumores filoides (TF) malignos son infrecuentes. Poco se ha descrito en la literatura sobre la diferenciación angiosarcomatosa de un TF maligno (1). Presentamos el caso de una mujer de 25 años con TF maligno de alto grado con diferenciación angiosarcomatosa y compromiso axilar. Manejada con mastectomía radical modificada y adyuvancia con radioterapia (RT). Se hace una discusión del caso y revisión de la literatura.
Determinants of diarrhoeal infections among users of shared sanitation in informal settlements in Durban, South Africa
Authors: Ramlal Preshod Sewnand , Lin J. , Buckley C. A. , Stenström T. A. , Amoah I. D.
Published: August 2022

Diarrhoeal disease continues to be a major health problem in many parts of the world, especially in developing countries, mainly due to the lack of access to sanitation, water, and hygienic living conditions. Identifying the determinants of diarrhoeal infections continues to be a challenge in developing countries. In this study, we ascertained the factors behind diarrhoea among inhabitants of informal settlements in the city of Durban, South Africa. Prevalence of diarrhoea in the study area varied between 7-year historical clinical records and data collected during the current study (primary data), with the primary data giving the highest monthly prevalence odds ratio (POR) up to 18.1 (±1.6)%. The main factors associated with diarrhoeal infections were open defaecation (POR = 1.8; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.9–3.12), use of shared sanitation (POR = 1.7; 95%; CI: 1.05–2.26), and exposure to faecal matter around the homes (POR = 1.69; 95% CI: 1.25–3.10). Several other factors were also determined to be associated with diarrhoeal infections, such as hygiene practices in the communities, the non-treatment of water before use, and the presence of solid waste and faecal materials around the households. This study shows that diarrhoeal disease infections in informal settlements could be multifactorial; therefore, a multifactorial approach is needed to reduce these infections. These could include improving education on hygiene practices within the home setting as well as in public places, such as the community ablution blocks.