bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Takeda G-protein Receptor (TGR)-5 Evolves Classical Activestate Conformational Signatures in Complex with Chromolaena Odorata-derived Flavonoid-5,7-dihydroxy-6-4-dimethoxyflavanone
Authors: Olaposi Omotuyi I. , Oyekanmi Nash , Samuel Metibemu D. , Enejoh Ojochenemi A. , Victor Ukwenya O. , Niyi Adelakun
Published: January 2019

Background:

Takeda G-protein receptor 5 (TGR5) via glucagon-like peptide release
and insulin signaling underlies antidiabetic roles of TGR5 agonists. Chromolaena Odorata-
derived flavonoid-5,7-dihydroxy-6-4-dimethoxyflavanone (COF) has been identified as
(TGR5) agonist. The structural basis for their interaction has not been studied.

Objective:

This study aimed at providing both structural and dynamic insights into
COF/TGR5 interaction.

Methods:

Classical GPCR activation signatures (TMIII-TMVI ionic lock, toggle switches,
internal water pathway) using classical MD simulation have been used.

Results:

Y893.29, N933.33 and E1695.43 are key residues found to be involved in ligand binding;
the continuous internal water pathway connects hydrophilic groups of the ligand to the
TMIII-TMVI interface in COF-bound state, TMIII-TMVI ionic locks ruptures in COF-TGR5
complex but not antagonist-bound state, and ruptured ionic lock is associated with the evolution
of active-state “VPVAM” (analogous to “NPxxY”) conformation. Dihedral angles (c2)
calculated along the trajectory strongly suggest W2376.48 as a ligand-dependent toggle
switch.

Conclusion:

TGR5 evolves active state conformation from a starting intermediate state conformation
when bound to COF, which further supports its underlying anti-diabetic activities.
Entrepreneurship and Regional Development: State of the Art
Authors: Carvalho Luísa
Published: January 2019

The presence of subvisible particles (SVPs) in parenteral formulations of biologics
is a major challenge in the development of therapeutic protein formulations. Distinction between
proteinaceous and non-proteinaceous SVPs is vital in monitoring formulation stability.
Interprofessional Education in U.S. Dental Hygiene Programs: Program Director Responses Before and After Introduction of CODA Standard 2–15
Authors: Furgeson Danielle , Inglehart Marita R.
Published: January 2019

A 2014 survey found that dental hygiene program directors perceived interprofessional education (IPE) as a priority for themselves and the dental hygiene profession in the U.S. The aim of this study was to explore whether IPE collaborations in dental hygiene programs and program directors’ attitudes changed from 2014 to 2017 since the Commission on Dental Accreditation (CODA) Standard 2–15 on IPE was introduced in August 2016. In May 2017, directors of all 325 U.S. dental hygiene programs were invited to participate in a web‐based survey. A total of 117 directors responded, for a 38% response rate, and their responses were then compared with the responses in 2014 (that survey had a 33% response rate). The results showed that, while the percentage of responding dental hygiene programs with a nursing program on campus had decreased (90% to 80%; p<0.022), the likelihood of having other health care‐related programs on campus did not change. In 2017 as compared to 2014, the programs were still most likely to collaborate with nursing (50% vs. 46%) and other allied health professions (44% vs. 56%) and in intraprofessional education with dental assisting programs (41% vs. 41%). IPE was still most likely to occur in volunteer activities (68% vs. 73%), basic science courses (65% vs. 60%), and communications training (63% vs. 63%). In 2017, program directors rated IPE as less challenging for programs to manage than in 2014 (on five‐point scale with 1=not at all challenging: 3.31 vs. 3.62; p=0.022). However, the responding directors did not view IPE as being as important to the profession in 2017 as the respondents reported in 2014 (3.29 vs. 3.88; p<0.001). The majority in 2017 agreed/strongly agreed that Standard 2–15 will improve the profile of dental hygiene as part of the health care team (77%) and contribute to integrating dental hygiene into interprofessional care (IPC) teams (78%). Overall, this study found that the introduction of an explicit IPE dental hygiene CODA standard in 2016 had already resulted in changes after only one year. However, the responding program directors’ lower agreement with statements concerning their graduates’ IPC‐related competence deserves further attention.
Exploring Dental Student Performance in Moral Reasoning Using the Defining Issues Test 2
Authors: Behar-Horenstein Linda S. , Tolentino Lissette A.
Published: January 2019

The aim of this study was to assess the initial levels of moral reasoning among four cohorts of dental students in the first semester of their first year of study. All 332 students at one U.S. dental school were invited to take the Defining Issues Test 2 (DIT2) during the first semester of their first year while enrolled in a mandatory ethics course in 2015–18. Students’ mean scores on the DIT2 subscales were compared to their gender, underrepresented minority (URM) status, citizenship, English as primary language, and single status. The four subscales were personal interests (PI), in which self‐motivated interests are the main focus; maintaining norms (MN), which takes into consideration what is expected from society; post‐conventional (PC), which upholds ethical principles that promote the good of society; and N2 index, which indicates one's ability to discriminate between lower stage and higher stage items. A total of 245 students participated (74% response rate). The results showed no differences between gender, URM status, citizenship, or English as primary language and any of the DIT2 subscales. Single participants scored significantly higher on the PC and N2 subscales and significantly lower on the MN subscale. There was a significant correlation between humanitarian liberalism (HL) and all four subscales. Religious (Christian) orthodoxy (RO) was significantly correlated with MN, PC, and N2. The DIT2 subscale scores were not impacted by various exploratory variables, with the exception of relationship status, which had significantly higher MN and N2 scores. Participants with higher scores on HL and RO had higher moral reasoning scores, and females had higher levels of moral reasoning than males on their PC and N2 scores. These findings have implications for implementing educational activities that may help develop students’ moral reasoning abilities over the course of dental school.
Evaluasi program mahasiswa wirausaha dengan model cipo di Universitas Brawijaya dan Universitas Negeri Malang
Authors: Ahmad Ahmad
Published: January 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi implementasi kebijakan Program Mahasiswa Wirausaha pada Universitas Brawijaya dan Universitas Negeri Malang di Jawa Timur. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan evaluatif yang berbasis kasus pada kedua universitas pelaksana PMW dengan metode evaluasi program dengan model CIPO. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: (1) Konteks evaluasi, suatu perencanaan PMW merujuk pada latar belakang, landasan formal dan operasional pelaksanaan, tujuan, dan manfaat bagi pemangku kepentingan dengan capaian evaluasinya tinggi; (2) Input evaluasi, adanya perbedaan mekanisme pengalokasian dana bantuan antara PMW-UB dan PMW-UM yang menyebabkan capaian evaluasinya moderat, sedangkan pada indikator lain capaian evaluasinya tinggi; (3) Proses evaluasi, terdapat enam belas kriteria evaluasi yang berkategori tinggi, enam kriteria evaluasi yang berkategori moderat dan dua kriteria evaluasi yang berkategori rendah; sedangkan (4) Output evaluasi, indikator mahasiswa yang berwirausaha dan unit usaha yang dikembangkan mahasiswa dengan evaluasi capaiannya rendah.Kata kunci: Program Mahasiswa Wirausaha, Model Evaluasi CIPO EVALUATION OF STUDENT ENTREPRENEUR PROGRAM WITH CIPO MODEL IN BRAWIJAYA UNIVERSITY AND THE STATE UNIVERSITY OF MALANGAbstractThis research is aimed at evaluating the implementation of the Student Entrepreneurial Program policies at Brawijaya University and the State University of Malang in East Java. This study uses a case-based evaluative approach at both University, Brawijaya University and the State University of Malang with program evaluation methods. The model used in this research was CIPO model. The results showed: Context evaluation, a PMW planning refers to background, formal foundation and operational implementation, purpose, and benefits for the stakeholders to the achievement of a high evaluation; Input evaluation, the difference in the mechanism of allocating funds between PMW-UB and PMW-UM is causing moderate evaluation outcomes, whereas the other indicators of high achievement evaluation; Process evaluation, there are sixteen high-category evaluation criteria, six criteria of moderate categorization and two low evaluation criteria; and outputs evaluation, indicators student entrepreneurship and business unit developed a student with low achievements evaluation. Keywords: Student Entrepreneurship Program, CIPO Evaluation Model
Impact of admission type on students’ achievement in economy and business school of Batusangkar State Institute of Islamic Studies
Authors: David David , Guspendri Nasvizar
Published: January 2019

The study is aimed at finding the differences in students’ academic achievement based on the admission system type to IAIN Batusangkar and the size of the contribution of admission systems to students’ achievement. The study uses the quantitative research approach. The comparative multivariate technique is used for the data analysis. Subjects include 159 student candidates for the local-exam stream, 161 for the national-exam stream, and 123 for the achievement-based stream. Findings show that there is a significant difference in academic achievement between students admitted through the achievement stream and students admitted through the local and national-exam streams. There is no significant difference between the local-exam system and the national-exam system. The contribution of admission systems over academic achievement is 5.4%; specified: 5.2% for Semester I, 2.3% for Semester II, 3.8% for Semester III, 4.1% for Semester IV, and 4.4% for Semester V.
Effects of a Health-Education Mobile App on Stroke-Related Knowledge and Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients with Stroke: A Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Lin Chia-Yun , Shen Hsiu-Nien , Huang Szu-Chi , Wu Tsung-Fu , Hou Wen-Hsuan
Published: January 2019

BACKGROUND

Education regarding risk factors for stroke can prevent stroke recurrence and improve health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in patients with stroke. However, health-education mobile apps addressing risk factors for recurrent stroke are required.

OBJECTIVE

To develop a health-education mobile app related to stroke and examine its effectiveness on stroke-related knowledge and HRQOL in patients with stroke.

METHODS

In this single-blind randomized controlled trial, we recruited 76 stroke patients without cognitive impairment from stroke wards of 4 teaching hospitals and randomly assigned them to either complete the health-education app intervention (intervention group; n = 38) or undergo usual care by using a stroke-related health-education manual (control group; n = 38). The app was administered for a maximum of 30 days. The improvement in patients’ stroke knowledge (primary outcome) and HRQOL (secondary outcome) was assessed using the stroke-knowledge questionnaire and European Quality of Life–Five Dimensions (EQ-5D) questionnaire, respectively.

RESULTS

Total 63 patients were assessed in posttest (intervention group, n = 30; control group, n=33). In posttest, compared with the intervention group, the control group had nonsignificantly lower scores on the stroke-knowledge questionnaire (28.00 ± 5.46 vs 29.04 ± 5.27; Cohen’s d = 0.194; P = .43) and EQ-5D index (0.46 ± 0.41 vs 0.62 ± 0.29; Cohen’s d = 0.451; P = .07), but nonsignificantly higher scores on the EQ-5D visual analog scale (VAS; 65.00 ± 18.37 vs 62.30 ± 18.77; Cohen’s d = −0.145; P = .57). In the intervention group, posttest scores on the stroke-knowledge questionnaire were significantly higher than pretest scores (29.07 ± 5.27 vs 26.23 ± 6.65, P = .002); however, no significant differences were noted in the EQ-5D index (0.62 ± 0.29 vs 0.55 ± 0.29, P = .11) or VAS scores (62.30 ± 18.77 vs 59.67 ± 20.17, P = .45). In the subgroup analysis of the intervention group, patients aged ≤55 years demonstrated a higher percent improvement in stroke knowledge than did those aged >55 years (89% vs 58%; P = .08).

CONCLUSIONS

A short intervention period, weak patient involvement strategy, lack of reminders and animations may be the reasons hampered improvement between intervention and control groups. Although the improvements in stroke knowledge and HRQOL were nonsignificant in our between-group comparison, our subgroups analysis indicated that the use of our app led to greater stroke-knowledge improvement in younger patients with stroke (aged ≤55 years). Therefore, we suggest clinical professionals should incorporate our app into stroke care to improve the stroke knowledge and HRQOL of their patients with stroke.

CLINICALTRIAL

NCT02591511
A Web-Based Alcohol Risk Communication Tool: Development and Pretesting Study (Preprint)
Authors: Kool Bridget , Dobson Rosie , Sharpe Sarah , Humphrey Gayl , Whittaker Robyn , Ameratunga Shanthi
Published: January 2019

BACKGROUND

Alcohol use is a major public health concern associated with an increased risk of morbidity and mortality. Health professionals in primary care commonly see patients with a range of alcohol-related risks and problems, providing an ideal opportunity for screening and brief intervention (BI).

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to develop a prototype for a Web-based tool for use by primary care health professionals (eg, doctors and nurses) to communicate alcohol harm risk to their patients and to engage with them regarding ways this risk could be reduced.

METHODS

Following conceptualization and development of prototype wireframes, formative work and pretesting were undertaken. For the formative work, focus groups and key informant interviews were conducted with potential end users of the risk communication tool, including health professionals and consumers. The focus groups and interviews explored perceptions of alcohol risk communication and obtained feedback on the initial prototype. For pretesting, participants (primary care doctors and nurses) completed a Web-based survey followed by a period of pretesting before completion of a follow-up survey. The study was designed to gain feedback on the tool’s performance in real-world settings as well as its relevance, ease of use, and any suggested refinements.

RESULTS

In the formative work stage, 11 key informants and 7 consumers participated in either focus groups or individual interviews. Participants were very positive about the prototype and believed that it would be useful and acceptable in practice. Key informants identified that the key point of difference with the tool was that it provided all the pieces in 1 place (ie, assessment, interpretation, and resources to support change). Participants provided feedback on how the tool could be improved, and these suggestions were incorporated into the prototype where possible. In the pretesting stage, 7 people (5 doctors and 2 primary care nurses) completed the pretesting. Participants reported that the tool provided a useful framework for an intervention, that it would be acceptable to patients, that it was easy to use, that they would be likely to use it in practice, and that there were no technical issues.

CONCLUSIONS

The alcohol risk communication tool was found to be acceptable and has the potential to increase the confidence of health professionals in assessing risk and providing BI.
How to operationalize regular treatment? Methodological challenges for investigating efficacy of mhealth solutions (Preprint)
Authors: Priebe Janosch Arthur , Toelle Thomas Robert
Published: January 2019

UNSTRUCTURED

The role auf the randomized control trial (RCT) in health research is discussed.
Pengaruh Penambahan Beberapa Esens Buah pada Perangkap Metil Eugenol terhadap Ketertarikan Lalat Buah Bactrocera dorsalis Kompleks pada Pertanaman Mangga di Desa Pasirmuncang, Majalengka
Authors: Susanto Agus , Natawigena Wahyu Daradjat , Puspasari Lindung Tri , Atami Neng Inne Nur
Published: January 2019

Fruit fly (Bactrocera dorsalis Complex) is one of the major pests in horticultural commodities in Indonesia. In this present study, a control method of formulating methyl eugenol and the addition of fruit essences was tested to attract B. dorsalis Complex. The objective was to find out the effect of fruit essences addition in the performance of methyl eugenol in attracting fruit flies and to obtain the most effective fruit essences for attracting male and female fruit flies. The experiment was conducted on mango plantation in Pasirmuncang village, Majalengka, West Java from March 2016 until December 2016. Several synthetic fruit essences which were separately added to methyl eugenol in this experiment were mango, citrus, guava, and starfruit essences. The results showed that the addition of fruit essences on methyl eugenol traps had the same effectiveness  or as good as  any single methyl eugenol trap. Moreover, the additions of mango and orange essences  were not effective enough in attracting female fruit flies, although the number of female fruit flies that were caught were more than the other treatments. IntisariLalat buah Bactrocera dorsalis Kompleks merupakan salah satu hama utama pada komoditas hortikultura. Pada penelitian ini, metode pengendalian dengan memformulasikan metil eugenol dan tambahan esens buah diuji untuk menarik B. dorsalis Kompleks. Tujuannya adalah untuk mengetahui efek penambahan esens buah pada kinerja perangkap metil eugenol dalam menarik lalat buah serta untuk mendapatkan esens buah yang efektif untuk menarik lalat buah betina. Penelitian ini dilakukan di perkebunan mangga di desa Pasirmuncang, Majalengka, Jawa Barat dari bulan Maret 2016 hingga bulan Desember 2016. Beberapa jenis esens buah sintetik yang secara terpisah ditambahkan pada metil eugenol pada percobaan ini adalah mangga, jeruk, jambu biji, dan belimbing. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan esens buah pada perangkap metil eugenol memiliki keefektifan yang sama baiknya dengan perangkap metil eugenol secara tunggal. Selain itu, penambahan esens mangga dan esens jeruk belum cukup efektif dalam menarik lalat buah betina meskipun jumlah lalat buah betina yang tertangkap lebih banyak dibandingkan dengan perlakuan lainnya.
The Inhibition of Tobamovirus by Using the Extract of Banana Flower
Authors: Nurviani Nurviani , Somowiyarjo Susamto , Sulandari Sri , Subandiyah Siti
Published: January 2019

Some extract of the banana plants parts have been identified to produce a compound that has efficacy as traditional medicine and human virus inhibitor. There was no previous report  on the use of the banana flower as the plants antiviral sources for plant pathogen. The objective of this study was to identify the potency  of two types of the banana flower as the Tobamovirus inhibitor substance. The antiviral was prepared from the extract of Ambon banana (Musa acuminata Colla) flower and Klutuk banana (Musa balbisiana Colla) flower, as the comparison extract of Mirabilis jalapa L. leaf which is widely known to have antiviral on various plant viruses was used. This study applied the Complete Randomized Design with three replications. Collected data includes the virus incubation period and the inhibitor power upon the local necrotic symptom on indicator plant. Results of this study showed that the extract of Ambon and Klutuk banana flower was able to inhibit the Tobamovirus with inhibition levels of 86.34% and 91.22%.IntisariBeberapa ekstrak bagian tanaman pisang diketahui memiliki kandungan senyawa yang berkhasiat sebagai obat tradisional dan zat yang dapat menghambat virus manusia. Belum pernah dilaporkan penggunaan bunga pisang sebagai sumber antiviral terhadap virus tumbuhan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi ekstrak bunga dua jenis pisang sebagai zat penghambat Tobamovirus. Antiviral disiapkan dari ekstrak bunga pisang Ambon (Musa acuminata Colla) dan pisang Klutuk (Musa balbisiana Colla), sebagai pembanding digunakan ekstrak daun Mirabilis jalapa L. yang sudah banyak diketahui mengandung antiviral pada berbagai virus tumbuhan. Penelitian ini dirancang menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan 3 ulangan. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi masa inkubasi virus dan daya hambat gejala nekrotik lokal pada tanaman indikator. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak bunga pisang jenis Ambon dan Klutuk mampu menghambat Tobamovirus dengan tingkat penghambatan sebesar 86,34% dan 91,22%.
Efikasi Asap Cair dari Kayu Bengkirai terhadap Phytophthora citrophthora
Authors: Oramahi Hasan Ashari , P. Wardoyo Elvi Rusmiyanto , Kustiati Kustiati
Published: January 2019

Bengkirai is one of kind of woods usually used for furnitures and produces lots of woodcuts. This woodcut become the raw material for liquid smoke. The efficacy of liquid smoke produced from bengkirai wood against Phytophthora citrophthora was evaluated. The aim of this research was to evaluate antimicrobial properties of liquid smoke from bengkirai wood against P. citrophthora. Three kinds of liquid smoke were used in three temperatures i.e., 350, 400 and 450ºC. Efficacy of liquid smoke from bengkirai wood for antimicrobial used PDA medium. Simple linear regression was used to measured the effect of liquid smoke concentration to inhibition of P. citrophthora growth. The relationship between the concentration of liquid smoke (X) and inhibition of fungal growth, P. citrophthora (Y) at 350, 400, and 450ºC were Y = 24.51 + 5.27X (r2 = 0.98), Y = 54.31 + 5.53X (r2 = 0,92), and Y = 51.32 + 16.87X (r2 = 0.80). The results showed that the concentration of liquid smoke was significantly different for inhibition of P. citrophthora growth. The higher the concentration the higher the inhibition of microbial growth. The highest inhibition was on liquid smoke of bengkirai wood with temperature pyrolysis of 450ºC and concentration of liquid smoke  of 1% with average value of 100%. IntisariBengkirai merupakan bahan baku pembuatan furniture yang banyak menghasilkan limbah potongan kayu. Limbah potongan kayu ini dapat dijadikan sebagai sumber pembuatan asap cair. Penelitian tentang efikasi asap cair dari kayu bengkirai terhadap Phytophthora citrophthora telah dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi sifat antimikrobia asap cair kayu bengkirai dalam menghambat pertumbuhan P. citrophthora secara in vitro. Tiga jenis asap cair kayu bengkirai hasil pirolisis pada suhu 350, 400, dan 450ºC. Medium PDA digunakan untuk efikasi asap cair kayu bengkirai terhadap pertumbuhan P. citrophthora. Analisis regresi linier sederhana digunakan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh konsentrasi terhadap daya hambat pertumbuhan P. citrophthora. Konsentrasi asap cair kayu bengkirai yang digunakan adalah  0; 0,5; 1,0; 1,5 dan 2,0 %, v/v. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hubungan antara konsentrasi asap cair (X) dan daya hambat pertumbuhan P. citrophthora (Y) pada suhu pirolisis  asap cair 350, 400, dan 450ºC berturut-turut adalah Y = 24,51 + 5,27X (r2 = 0,98), Y = 54,31 + 5,53X (r2 = 0,92), dan Y = 51,32 + 16,87X (r2 = 0,80). Makin tinggi konsentrasi asap cair kayu bengkirai makin tinggi daya hambat terhadap pertumbuhan P. citrophthora. Daya hambat pertumbuhan P. citrophthora tertinggi (100 %) pada perlakuan asap cair kayu bengkirai yang diproduksi pada suhu pirolisis 450ºC dan konsentrasi 1 %.
First Record: A Stem and Bulb Plant Parasitic Nematode at Garlic Area Centre Temanggung, Central Java, Indonesia with Species Reference to Ditylenchus dipsaci
Authors: Indarti Siwi , Wibowo Arif , Subandiyah Siti , Ajri Miftahul
Published: January 2019

A survey to investigate the stem and bulb plant parasitic nematode at one of garlic area centre, in Temanggung, Central Java, Indonesia was conducted  from Januaryto February 2018. Infected plant with specific symptoms, morphological and morphometric characters both of female and male of adult nematodes were used  to describe  a A1 quarantine plant parasitic nematode Ditylenchus dipsaci. Seven from nine observed locations were postively infected with population in average 2.67 nematodes per 100 g of soil and 2.67–189.33 per bulb. This is the first report of D. dipsaci from Indonesia and  consequently further investigations were needed to know their distribution and also to confirm the origin of the nematode. IntisariSurvei keberadaan nematoda parasit batang dan umbi dilakukan pada bulan Januari–Februari 2018 pada satu sentra penangkaran bawang putih di Temanggung, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia. Tanaman terinfeksi dengan gejala serangan yang spesifik, karakter morfologi dan morfometri nematoda betina dan jantan dewasa dipergunakan dalam identifikasi Ditylenchus dipsaci yang merupakan nematoda parasit tanaman yang termasuk OPTK A1 (Organisme Pengganggu Tanaman Karantina A1) di Indonesia. Sebanyak tujuh dari sembilan lokasi yang diamati mengindikasikan positif sebagai daerah sebaran nematoda tersebut dengan populasi rata-rata 2,67 ekor per 100 gram tanah dan 2,67–189,33 nematoda per umbi. Laporan pertama tentang nematoda D. dipsaci ini membawa konsekuensi perlunya penelitian lebih lanjut untuk mengetahui daerah sebaran dan juga konfirmasi dari mana nematoda tersebut berasal.
Immunomodulatory and Antioxidant Activity of Green Grass Jelly Leaf Extract (Cyclea barbata Miers.) In Vitro
Authors: Mahadi Rendi , Rasyiid Mustafid , Dharma Krisnanda Surya , Anggraini Lindia , Nurdiyanti Rahma , Nuringtyas Tri Rini
Published: January 2019

Green grass jelly (Cyclea barbata Miers.) is known for its benefit to human health especially in supporting body’s immune system and wellness. This research aimed to determine immunomodulatory and antioxidant activity of green grass jelly leaf extracts in vitro. Old leaves were collected as sample then dried and ground to powder. The extraction was done with sohxletation using three different solvents, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and ethanol. The immunomodulatory activity was evaluated by treating the crude extracts at concentrations of 50, 100, and 500 mg/mL on macrophages of rat in vitro. Macrophage cells separated form peritoneal fluid used RPMI medium. Phagocytosis activity and phagocytosis capacity of macrophages were performed in vitro using latex beads that suspended in phosphate buffered saline (PBS). The antioxidant activity was measured by spectrophotometry technique with 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) solution. All treatments were done three replicates. Detection of the bioactive groups of the extracts was done by Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC). The results showed that ethyl acetate extract has the highest phagocytosis activity followed by chloroform extract and ethanol extract, respectively. Optimum concentration was reached at 100 mg/mL of ethyl acetate extract. The ethyl acetate extract was also the highest antioxidant activity index 7.7 followed by both extracts of chloroform and ethanol similar index value of 6.25 and 6.3, respectively. The ethyl acetate extract has a high immunomodulatory activity and antioxidant activity which contained phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, and terpenoids.
Blood Pressure Variability, Mortality, and Cardiovascular Outcomes in CKD Patients
Authors: Mallamaci Francesca , Tripepi Giovanni , D’Arrigo Graziella , Borrelli Silvio , Garofalo Carlo , Stanzione Giovanna , Provenzano Michele , De Nicola Luca , Conte Giuseppe , Minutolo Roberto , Zoccali Carmine
Published: January 2019

Background and objectives

Short-term BP variability (derived from 24-hour ambulatory BP monitoring) and long-term BP variability (from clinic visit to clinic visit) are directly related to risk for cardiovascular events, but these relationships have been scarcely investigated in patients with CKD, and their prognostic value in this population is unknown.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements

In a cohort of 402 patients with CKD, we assessed associations of short- and long-term systolic BP variability with a composite end point of death or cardiovascular event. Variability was defined as the standard deviation of observed BP measurements. We further tested the prognostic value of these parameters for risk discrimination and reclassification.

Results

Mean ± SD short-term systolic BP variability was 12.6±3.3 mm Hg, and mean ± SD long-term systolic BP variability was 12.7±5.1 mm Hg. For short-term BP variability, 125 participants experienced the composite end point over a median follow-up of 4.8 years (interquartile range, 2.3–8.6 years). For long-term BP variability, 110 participants experienced the composite end point over a median follow-up of 3.2 years (interquartile range, 1.0–7.5 years). In adjusted analyses, long-term BP variability was significantly associated with the composite end point (hazard ratio, 1.24; 95% confidence interval, 1.01 to 1.51 per 5-mm Hg higher SD of office systolic BP), but short-term systolic BP variability was not (hazard ratio, 0.92; 95% confidence interval, 0.68 to 1.25 per 5-mm Hg higher SD of 24-hour ambulatory systolic BP). Neither estimate of BP variability improved risk discrimination or reclassification compared with a simple risk prediction model.

Conclusions

In patients with CKD, long-term but not short-term systolic BP variability is related to the risk of death and cardiovascular events. However, BP variability has a limited role for prediction in CKD.
Analysis of the East African Community Integration Process as an Opportunity for Uganda’s Medium-to-Long-Term Development
Authors: Matte Rogers
Published: January 2019

This paper reviews the key developments of the EAC integration in a manner that paves way for identifying salient gaps in programming to inform medium-term development planning in Uganda. Specifically, the paper identifies the main achievements and challenges registered by the EAC over the past 10 years; appraises Uganda’s optimism on integration, identifying the country’s efforts to mainstream EAC integration agenda and the benefits registered; and recommends measures for accelerating the benefits of integration to Uganda in the medium to long-term.
Uganda has benefitted immensely from the EAC integration by exploiting its comparative advantage in certain industries, and has registered growth in exports to the region at unprecedented rates. Trade has grown faster than investment in the region. The country has benefitted from joint coordination of programmes and projects facilitating resource mobilisation for priority projects. The key challenges remain the recurrence of non-trade barriers and the low pace of project execution which hinder accelerated registration of benefits. The East African Community development programming provides an opportunity for the government of Uganda to take advantage of the long-term perspective planning to identify areas for joint coordination and execution with the Partner States of the EAC integration.
Desencontros legais e morais na pesca artesanal: a Educação Ambiental política para a transformação socioambiental em Rio Grande/RS e São José do Norte/RS
Authors: Braido Janaina Agostini , Hernandez Caporlingua Vanessa
Published: January 2019

Este artigo apresenta a compreensão de pescadores artesanais das cidades de Rio Grande/RS e São José do Norte/RS acerca do desencontro entre as normas legais pesqueiras e as normas morais dos pescadores, e os reflexos na conservação do meio ambiente e no exercício da cidadania ambiental, a fim de colaborar, por intermédio da Educação Ambiental (EA), para a reversão da crise vivenciada na pesca da região, bem como para refletir sobre a ineficiência daquelas leis. O estudo foi feito por meio de levantamento bibliográfico e documental, e aplicação de grupos focais em comunidades pesqueiras. Os resultados indicaram que a EA política possui papel fundamental no empoderamento dos pescadores para sua participação nos processos de gestão na pesca, voltada à conservação ambiental e edificação do bem coletivo. Em considerações finais, sugeriu-se a realização de cursos de EA nas comunidades, o incentivo à participação dos pescadores nas reuniões da categoria e a desburocratização da atividade.
Práticas educativas inclusivas na educação infantil: superando a marcação social de gênero e raça entre as crianças pequenas
Authors: Costa-Renders Elizabete Cristina , Gazotto Rosana Donizeti Martinho , Santos Cleia Souza
Published: January 2019

Este artigo relata um processo de reflexão sobre a própria prática educativa que aconteceu no âmbito dos estudos da disciplina Educação Inclusiva, num programa de mestrado profissional em educação, oferecido por uma universidade pública municipal. Aborda os relatos de 02 professoras que atuam na Educação Infantil a partir da seguinte pergunta: como as práticas educativas cotidianas podem contribuir para a construção da escola inclusiva? Opta pelo estudo sistemático da marcação social da diferença entre as crianças pequenas (gênero e raça) a partir da interface entre as políticas de educação inclusiva e as práticas na educação infantil. Os estudos fundamentaram-se no referencial teórico do paradigma da inclusão, trabalhando temas como diversidade, inclusão e múltiplas linguagens na Educação Infantil. Esta ação reflexiva resultou em duas proposições: 1. Há meios para rompermos com a marcação de raça e gênero nos cotidianos das instituições de Educação Infantil; 2. Há um potencial inclusivo nas brincadeiras e no brincar com os brinquedos não estruturados, quando este sustenta-se nos princípios éticos e estéticos multiculturais.
Acciones de Responsabilidad Social Organizacional: una mirada a la industria cultural en Santiago de Cali
Authors: Ospina Díaz Linda Paola , Tello-Castrillón Carlos
Published: January 2019

El presente estudio se aproxima a las formas en las que algunas organizaciones de la industria cultural de la ciudad de Santiago de Cali gestionan su Responsabilidad Social Organizacional. Por medio de un estudio de caso, se busca brindar algunos parámetros de gestión y educación para que estas organizaciones encaucen sus actividades de Responsabilidad Social Organizacional hacia la sostenibilidad y el bienestar social. Se aplicó metodología cualitativa a 6 organizaciones culturales de la ciudad. En un primer momento, se adelantó una revisión bibliográfica en documentos especializados que dio forma a entrevistas semi estructuradas. En un segundo momento, se llevaron a cabo las entrevistas a dos grupos: a) representantes estales de la industria cultural de la ciudad; b) representantes de las 6 organizaciones culturales. Se concluye que faltan algunas directrices para el cumplimiento de Responsabilidad Social Organizacional del sector cultural de la ciudad. El faltante compromete tanto la creación de políticas estatales como los espacios de formación al respecto.
Human transformations through technology: A Contribution to a Historical Study on Transhumanism
Authors: Villalba Gómez Jairo Andrés
Published: January 2019

The human enhancement through of human capacities in the use of technology have object of imagine and building techniques, in order to potentiate the physical and mental activities of individuals, have been the object of study of the current philosophical called Transhumanism. This article, present the research contributions of the doctoral thesis work entitled "Roboethics and transhumanism: a singular scenario in the bioethics of the technology", a document built for the academic scenario of the Doctorate in Bioethics, at Military University Nueva Granada, Bogotá, Colombia. which starts from a state of the historiographic art of transhumanist, organized methodologically through four historical stages, whose result envisage the conceptual and theoretical articulation of the construction of it.
Condiciones para la inclusión y la atención a estudiantes con limitación visual en la Universidad del Magdalena
Authors: Villalobo Ropain Narlys Patricia , Machado Guerra Yaninis Eleidys , Bolaño García Matilde , Bustamante Meza Lucía Yesenia
Published: January 2019

El presente trabajo tuvo por objetivo identificar condiciones de la Universidad del Magdalena para la inclusión y la atención a estudiantes con limitación visual de Santa Marta – Colombia, basado en los postulados del MEN (2006), Instituto Nacional Para Ciegos. (2011), Peña, N. (2014), Devia, V. (2015). En relación a la metodología, la investigación se encuentra enfocada bajo el modelo cualitativo utilizando el diseño de la investigación acción. La población estuvo conformada por docentes adscritos a los diferentes programas académicos de la Universidad del Magdalena que poseen contrato de tiempo completo, catedráticos y modo ocasional que han tenido contacto con los estudiantes que poseen limitaciones visuales, con el fin de poder recolectar la información pertinente para el diagnóstico correspondiente a la investigación.
Baja efectividad de las capturas en flagrancia. Policía de vigilancia de Villavicencio-Meta
Authors: Rojas Téllez Daniel Fernando , Martínez Hernández Pedro Alonso , Pinzón Arciniegas Sandra Milena , Sierra Meza Milagros Remedios
Published: January 2019

El presente artículo trata sobre las funciones procedimentales por parte de la Policía de vigilancia a la hora de efectuar una captura en flagrancia, dichos procedimientos se encuentran establecidos en el código de procedimiento penal. Para efectos de este estudio se tomó como referencia a la Policía Metropolitana de Villavicencio, con el fin de determinar los factores que incidieron en la baja efectividad de la capturas en flagrancia declaradas ilegales, durante el año 2016, conforme a la ley 906 de 2004, identificando esas malas praxis que incurren algunos policías de esta unidad y los factores que predisponen a esta problemática.
pensamiento crítico y sus beneficios en la Administración
Authors: Hernández Madroñero Isabella , Londoño Cardozo José , Silva Mazo Laura M. , Becerra Ramírez Laura Catalina
Published: January 2019

El pensamiento crítico y sus habilidades deberían ser un componente fundamental de la educación universitaria; especialmente en la administración. En este documento se analizarán las competencias y habilidades del pensamiento crítico y su utilidad para la enseñanza, la investigación y el desempeño profesional en administración de empresas. Al final se concluye que el pensamiento crítico podría manifestarse como el sexto modo de ser de los gerentes en las organizaciones; modo de ser crítico. Y se sugiere ahondar en estudios que busquen su plena implementación y desarrollo en este campo del conocimiento.
migrantes a desamparados. Estudio de los migrantes indocumentados en la frontera Petén-Tabasco
Authors: Ortiz Juan Pablo Bolio , Bolio Ortiz Héctor Joaquín , Vences Solis Kiry Rebeca
Published: January 2019

El presente artículo presenta la situación de los migrantes centroamericanos hacia México y los Estados Unidos. El estudio se centra en el caso de la frontera Petén- Tabasco, bajo la perspectiva de los Derechos Humanos y a través del trabajo de campo, se constata la situación de vulnerabilidad en la que se encuentran los migrantes, quienes con el sueño de mejorar su situación económica terminan pasando por diversos obstáculos en su recorrido.
Ateroesclerosis incursionando en el campo de un nuevo método diagnóstico
Authors: Zuñiga Cerón Luisa Fernanda , Garcés Gómez Jheymmy Lorena , López Garzón Nelson Adolfo , Saavedra-Torres Jhan Sebastián , Pinzón Fernández María Virginia
Published: January 2019

En la aterosclerosis se debe resaltar los procesos fisiopatológicos que actualmente se pueden
correlacionar con los nuevos métodos diagnósticos propuestos a la fecha, estos prometen ser útiles
para el manejo intervencionista de los pacientes a nivel celular y sub celular a futuro
paisaje arquitectónico y sonoro del campanario de la Catedral de San José de Cúcuta
Authors: Delgado Rojas Julio Alfredo , Díaz Umaña Yannette , Vergel Ortega Mawency
Published: January 2019

Este artículo tuvo como objetivo analizar las particularidades de las cuatro campanas y la torre, que compone el campanario de la Catedral de San José de Cúcuta, así como también su impacto en el paisaje sonoro de esta ciudad del Norte de Santander en Colombia. La investigación tuvo un enfoque metodológico mixto, en el que se incluyen el método descriptivo e histórico. Se recurrió, además, a un modelo numérico simplificado de la estructura, determinando el espectro de respuesta estructural. Según las campanas se analizó, magnitudes de la función de fuerzas variables con el tiempo que introducen sobre la estructura el peso propio, velocidad de giro e inercia; se determina el factor de amplificación dinámico más desfavorable y respuesta para análisis cuasi estático para las fuerzas. Se concluye que el toque de las campanas produce un sonido patrimonial único que posee cualidades que lo hacen identificable por la comunidad. De tal manera, que las disposiciones de las campanas tienen efectos en la estructura del campanario y en el sonido, por consiguiente, la campana de mayor peso introduce mayores esfuerzos en la torre con factor incidente directo la ubicación en el campanario.
O CURRÍCULO EM TEMPOS DE OBSCURANTISMO BELIGERANTE
Authors: Duarte Newton
Published: January 2019

Num contexto histórico marcado por manifestações explicitamente beligerantes de obscurantismo, os debates no Brasil sobre o currículo transcendem os círculos educacionais e tornam-se verdadeiras batalhas travadas em diversos espaços sociais como a mídia e as casas legislativas.   Entretanto, o calor dos embates tende a criar um ambiente no qual prevalece o choque entre argumentos de impacto emocional em detrimento de análises mais aprofundadas dos fundamentos e das implicações do processo de construção de currículos escolares. Neste artigo me proponho a discutir algumas ideias que possam ser usadas como ferramentas na construção de currículos que não cedam ao obscurantismo beligerante e, ao mesmo tempo, não se fragmentem em uma grande pauta de temas considerados prementes pelos mais diversos segmentos da sociedade.
REPENSANDO O CURRÍCULO ESCOLAR: aportes da Pedagogia Histórico-Crítica e da Psicologia Histórico-Cultural
Authors: Mazzeu Francisco José Carvalho , Barbosa Eliza Maria , Duarte Newton
Published: January 2019

Na esteira dessas e de outras reflexões, foram (e estão sendo) desenvolvidas diversas experiências de elaboração e implementação de propostas curriculares fundamentadas na Pedagogia Histórico-Crítica. O estado do Paraná, por exemplo, a partir da década de 1990, colocou em prática várias propostas em âmbito estadual, regional e municipal, inspiradas nessa corrente teórica. No entanto, as publicações baseadas nessa abordagem ainda carecem de um esforço de maior articulação e aprofundamento, a fim de contribuir de modo mais sistemático com os debates nesse campo. Sendo assim, o presente dossiê da Revista Espaço do Currículo procurou reunir contribuições de diferentes pesquisadores que trabalham com essa linha teórica, abordando desde os fundamentos para a construção de propostas curriculares até exemplos concretos de iniciativas que já foram ou vêm sendo colocadas em prática com base nesses fundamentos.
PRECISAMOS FALAR SOBRE CURRÍCULO
Authors: Ribeiro Márden De Pádua
Published: January 2019

O presente artigo tem por objetivo estabelecer uma reflexão teórica introdutória sobre o campo curricular. Destina-se especialmente para iniciantes que procuram por abordagens introdutórias mas que não sejam rasas e superficiais. Possui como foco uma discussão inicial mas atualizada e que visa estimular interessados na teoria curricular a se aprofundarem cada vez mais neste complexo e polissêmico campo da educação. Para isso, procura problematizar as vertentes tradicionais, críticas e pós-críticas do currículo chamando atenção para seus limites potencialidades. Ainda que introdutoriamente, defende a temática do conhecimento como fundamental para o campo curricular e de como pode ser apropriada por distintas concepções de currículo. O artigo espera contribuir pra preencher uma lacuna no que tange a disponibilidade de textos de caráter introdutório ao currículo com linguagem mais acessível para estudantes de graduação, professores da educação básica e interessados em geral.
REUNI E FLEXIBILIZAÇÃO CURRICULAR: o caso do curso de Pedagogia da UFAL-Campus Arapiraca
Authors: Santos Lavoisier Almeida
Published: January 2019

O presente artigo é uma reflexão sobre a experiência formativa da primeira turma do curso de Pedagogia da Universidade Federal de Alagoas (UFAL) – Campus Arapiraca. O referido curso apresenta uma estrutura curricular flexibilizada em Troncos de Conhecimento, obedecendo ao princípio economicista do Programa de Expansão e Reestruturação das Universidades Federais (REUNI) de expandir a educação superior pública por meio do melhor aproveitamento das estruturas física e humana das universidades federais, oferecendo, aos seus graduandos, um itinerário formativo diferenciado. Objetiva-se, pois, analisar o processo de implementação da flexibilização curricular no curso de Pedagogia da UFAL-Campus Arapiraca e refletir, por meio da análise de conteúdo, como gestores, professores e alunos da primeira turma do referido curso se apropriaram, em suas respectivas práticas, desse formato curricular flexibilizado. Palavras-chave: REUNI. Flexibilização Curricular. Curso de Pedagogia.
EDUCAÇÃO, ÉTICA ANIMAL E AMBIENTAL: destituindo o paradigma antropocêntrico
Authors: Oliveira Fabio Alves Gomes , Dias Maria Clara
Published: January 2019

Este artigo pretende defender a urgência de promovermos uma revisão ampla do viés antropocêntrico que tem marcado os conteúdos programáticos das diversas disciplinas oferecidas nas escolas brasileiras, nos mais diversos segmentos. Nesse sentido, aposta em uma reflexão acerca da fundamentação ética sobre como os animais não-humanos vem sendo apresentados nos diversos espaços formais de ensino. Creditamos que a consolidação do debate ambiental entorno de temas como lixo, poluição, saúde e conservação de espécies reitera o antropocentrismo e contribui para a inviabilização de demandas próprias aos animais e ao meio ambiente. Trata-se, assim, de conduzir o debate a um novo paradigma, qual seja: a busca por uma forma de educação não-especista. Para isso, pretendemos, em primeiro lugar, apresentar conceitos básicos convergentes da ética animal e ambiental, de modo a podermos identificar a questão relativa ao valor relacional presente no debate ambiental. A partir de um olhar diferenciado sobre o lugar dos animais e do meio-ambiente, pretendemos defender uma proposta pedagógica que assuma o papel de questionar as diversas formas de injustiças cometidas contra animais e meio ambiente e, ao mesmo tempo, apresentar a noção de capacidade imaginativa, capaz de estimular os indivíduos a refletirem sobre a relação humano-meio ambiente e humano-animal de forma mais empática, através da mobilização de recursos visuais, tais como filmes e fotografias.
A ESTÉTICA NEOLIBERAL DA NOVA RAZÃO DO MUNDO CAPITALISTA: educando o indivíduo competitivo
Authors: Dos Passos Wagner Valente , Machado Carlos Roberto Da Silva
Published: January 2019

Este ensaio apresenta argumentos para sustentarem a afirmação da hipótese de ser o capitalismo um regime estético, que tem na manutenção e sustentação da “partilha do sensível” através de fundamentos políticos, na liberdade e na verdade da mercadorização de tudo e de todos em contexto competitivo de todos contra todos como ideal. Nossa perspectiva crítica se apoia na análise de discurso (AD), de Eni Orlandi (2009) e na estética de Jacques Rancière (2009, 2011) e Pablo René Estevez (2011). O material empírico utilizado foram uma capa de jornal, uma campanha e uma propaganda de imóvel como exemplo de como àquela razão do mundo se expressa e produz uma significação ao leitor em conformidade a ideologia capitalista.Palavras-chaves: Educação Ambiental. Estética. Mídia.