bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Conversions between generalized metric spaces and standard metric spaces with applications in fixed point theory
Authors: FILIP ALEXANDRU-DARIUS
Published: June 2021

In this paper we discuss similar problems posed by I. A. Rus in Fixed point theory in partial metric spaces (Analele Univ. de Vest Timişoara, Mat.-Inform., 46 (2008), 149–160) and in Kasahara spaces (Sci. Math. Jpn., 72 (2010), No. 1, 101–110). We start our considerations with an overview of generalized metric spaces with \mathbb{R}_+-valued distance and of generalized contractions on such spaces. After that we give some examples of conversions between generalized metric spaces and standard metric spaces with applications in fixed point theory. Some possible applications to theoretical informatics are also considered.
Alfred Schultz – ein Hamburger Kaufmann in der Südsee. Globaler Handel, Weltpolitik und Alltag
Authors: Wendt Reinhard
Published: June 2021

Heinrich Wilhelm Alfred Schultz wurde 1873 in Hamburg geboren und starb dort 1944. Dazwischen liegt ein Leben in der Südsee. 1895 brach er dorthin auf, und für 47 Jahre bildeten nun vor allem Tonga und Samoa, aber auch Neuseeland den Mittelpunkt seines beruflichen und familiären
Alltags. Vor dem Ersten Weltkrieg verdiente er gutes Geld als Manager der ,,Deutschen Handels- und Plantagengesellschaft der Südsee-Inseln“, kurz DHPG, und hatte sich auf einer kleinen Insel in den Tropen komfortabel eingerichtet. Dieser Existenz setzte der ,,infernal war“,
wie ihn Schultz selber einmal nannte, ein Ende und bescherte ihm die Internierung in Neuseeland und seinem Arbeitgeber die Liquidation. Nun verlief sein Leben in weniger glücklichen Bahnen. Eine Rückkehr nach Deutschland kam für ihn aber nicht in Frage. Er hatte in der Südsee
Wurzeln geschlagen, ohne jedoch die Kontakte zur alten Heimat abreißen zu lassen. Diese sah er wieder, nachdem er im Zweiten Weltkrieg erneut interniert wurde und im Austausch mit US-amerikanischen Kriegsgefangenen nach Hamburg zurückkehrte, wo er kurz darauf nach einem Bombenangriff
starb.
The Role of Nursing Practice to Prevent Ventilator-associated Pneumonia in the Intensive Care Units
Authors: Shudaifat Yousef , ALBashtawy Mohammed , Qaddumi Jamal , Baqir Mohammed , Zamzam Suzan , Ibnian Ali , Alkhawaldeh Abdullah
Published: June 2021

Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is considered as the foremost common hospital-acquiredrisk associated with patients on a ventilator, and there are numerous avoidance techniques that canbe connected by Intensive care unit (ICU) nurses in arrange to diminish the hazard of frequency of VAP inICU.This paper aimed to evaluate theeffect of the nursing role, applying guidelines and adherence of healthprofessionals to VAP bundle prevention strategies in an attempt to decrease rates of VAP in mechanicallyventilated adult patients. An electronic searching was performed in thedatabases: Google Scholar, ResearchGate and PubMed. The review paper showed that the applying of VAP bundle prevention as daily componentof nursing care among ICU nursesin the ventilated patient can decrease incidence rate of VAP; and can beconsidered as a sensitive indicator that reflects patient outcomes. There are many factors among nurses fornot adhering to these guidelines which may affect on patient’s health outcome. This review paper providesnurses working in ICU with efficient knowledge regarding nurses’ care guidelines to prevent the incidencerate of VAP in ICU.Further study is necessary in order to verify agood understanding and confirm the factorsthat may affect the development and increase incidence rate of VAP.
The Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity of Moringa oleifera Extracts against some Foodborne Pathogens
Authors: Farhan Shaymaa Rajab , AL-Azawi Ahmed H. , AL-Shamary Elham Ismaeel
Published: June 2021

The aim of this study is to determine the antioxidant and antibacterial activity of Moringa oleifera extracts.Maceration and Soxhlet apparatus were used to prepare aqueous and methanolic extracts respectively,while petroleum ether was used to extract seed oil. Many tests were conducted include, phytochemicaldetection, evaluation of antioxidant activity utilizing 2,2- diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, totalphenolic content. The extracts of Moringa oleifera were investigated against some foodborne pathogensinclude Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumonia. The results ofphytochemical test showed the presence of alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, tannins, saponins and glycosidesin aqueous and methanolic leaves extracts. The antioxidant activity showed that the aqueous and methanolicleaves extract was more effective than the seed’s husk extract. The radical scavenging capacity (EC50) ofmethanolic and aqueous leaves extract were found to be (1.6 and 1.9 mg/ml) respectively, while the EC50of methanolic and aqueous seed’s husk were (5.1 and 10 mg/ml) respectively. The antibacterial activity ofMoringa oleifera extracts showed the best effect was seen in the aqueous and methanolic leaves extracton Staph. aureus in 200 mg/ml with inhibition zone 14.83 and 22.6 mm respectively. The results of theminimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) showed that the methanolic leaves extract was 16 mg/ml for bothStaph. aureus and E. coli, and 32 mg/ml for B. cereus and K. pneumonia, while the MIC of aqueous leavesextract was 64 mg/ml for all bacterial isolates.
Effect of Life Stress on Incidence of Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Omairi Dr. Saleh Salman , Mohammed Prof. Hussein Adnan
Published: June 2021

We hear about fatty liver more and more often: at least one European adult in five suffers from it and pediatric cases are also on the rise, a consequence of childhood obesity of epidemic proportions in recent years. The cause is metabolic : liver cells normally combine free fatty acids in the blood - introduced with the diet and produced by metabolism - with sugars, giving rise to complex lipids such as triglycerides, which can be accumulated in the liver for storage and energy reserve and to be exploited if necessary. Overweight, dyslipidemia, diabetes, bowel disease or abuse of certain medications (like cortisones) can increase the workload on the liver which is thus storing more fat than necessary. Feeling nervous when stressed is completely natural. This is a short-term stress sign. Chronic stress, on the other hand, is characterized by prolonged symptoms, including breathing difficulties, dizziness, decreased desire, chest pains and fatigue. Many of these symptoms are immediately identifiable by the sufferer. However, the impact of stress is not only visible externally. Inside, our bodies desperately struggle to restore a natural balance. This chemical disruption caused by chronic stress affects many other biological features. This article highlights the effect of stress on fatty liver.
THE CAPABILITIES OF THE HUMAN RESOURCES OF AL-RAFIDAIN COLLEGE IN LIGHT OF THE EXERCISE OF ITS LEADERSHIP ENTREPRENEURIAL
Authors: Mirjah Dr. Zahraa Ghanim , Al-Kaabi Hameed Salim , Taher Dr. Abdul Kareem Mezaal
Published: June 2021

The current research aims to know the impact of the pioneering leadership on the resource capabilities of Al-Rafidain Community College, and in order to achieve the goal of the research, Al-Rafidain National College was chosen. The research adopted the questionnaire as a tool to collect the necessary data to complete the research and achieve the goals it seeks. Form was distributed as 50 questionnaires on the teaching staff in the civil Rafidain College, was obtained (40) form a valid analysis. The research used a number of statistical methods, for example the arithmetic mean, the standard deviation, the simple linear correlation coefficient Pearson, and the simple and multiple linear regression equation. The results showed the existence of a positive significant significant correlation between human resource capabilities and entrepreneurial leadership, and the existence of a positive influence relationship with positive moral significance for entrepreneurial leadership in human resource capabilities
THE STRATEGIC PERFORMANCE OF THE IRAQI MINISTRY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS THROUGH AMBIDEXTROUS LEADERSHIP
Authors: Almadi Dr. Mohamed Elmohamidy , Shanshool Zaid Abbass
Published: June 2021

This research aims to verify the relationship of the impact of Ambidextrous leadership behaviors on the strategic performance of the research community (Iraqi Ministry of foreign affairs leaders) and a sample of subordinates (employees) in the Ministry of foreign affairs, as well as the level of application and dimensions of both Ambidextrous leadership behaviors and strategic performance. The problem of the research was identified in several questions that revolved on the nature of the relationship and impact of both ambidextrous leadership behaviors with strategic performance individually and collectively through the main question :( Do ambidextrous leadership behaviors affect strategic performance? For this, the researcher developed the hypothesis chart, as well as the research hypotheses, all of which were subjected to tests to confirm their validity. The researcher used resolution as the primary means of data collection and employed the descriptive analytical-exploratory approach as a research approach, to survey the opinions of the research community (leaders). The sample of subordinates (staff) and the data were analysed using the two statistical packages (SPSS V.24 & AMOS V.24) the set of statistical methods (weighted arithmetic mean, standard deviation, simple and multiple selection coefficient, relative repeatability, sample adequacy test, confirmatory factor analysis, relative importance) were employed to extract the results. The research reached a range of conclusions, the most prominent of which were: a direct impact of adept leadership behaviors in strategic performance, a direct impact of open leadership behaviors in content, and a direct impact of closed leadership behaviors in ministry operations. Add to that the State Department's tendency to employ closed-door leadership behaviors in strategic performance.
Stages of the formation of treaty law in the history of international law
Authors: Okladnaya Marina , Pererodova Anastasia
Published: June 2021

Problem setting. An international treaty is an agreement between two or more subjects of international relations concerning the establishment, modification or termination of mutual rights and obligations. In modern time an international treaty is the universal and primary source of international law and, at the same time, the law of treaties as a branch of international law occupies a central place in this system. The role of the treaty is constantly increasing, so it is important to study how treaty law was formed in order to understand how it has changed over history, and what factors have influenced the formation of the main branch of international law. Analysis of recent researches and publications. The law of international treaties causes increased attention of lawyers to the study, research and analysis of its main aspects. Among the domestic and foreign scholars who have made a significant contribution to the study of the law of treaties can be distinguished such as V. Butkevich, Y. Brownlie, A. Talalaev, O. Merezhko, O. Nazarenko, F. Martens, V. Shurshalov, I. Lukashuk, O. Zadorozhniy and others. Target of research. Study of international treaty at different stages of formation of international law, analysis and comparison of forms, content, functions and significance of the treaty in different historical periods. Article’s main body. The article is devoted to the development and formation of the basic branch of international law – treaty law. It studies the stages of formation of the institute of treaty law during different periods of history, identifies the features of the treaty at each stage of formation. Conclusions and prospects for the development. The agreement is an important and necessary instrument of interaction and communication between people, it establishes ties between peoples and states, helps to resolve conflicts, that is why the signing of treaties is a significant mechanism for the regulation of human relations since ancient times. In this article we have traced how different historical periods influenced the formation of international treaty law, which events were of key importance for the development of international law in general. Throughout the history of international law, the treaty has undergone a number of transformations of its forms, types and procedures of conclusion. The treaty form of consolidation of international relations is the basis of stability and efficiency of the legal order in international law. At the present time, the law of international treaties is a self-sufficient, developed branch and system of international law. It is the key branch of international law with its institutions, low basic principles, and continues to develop rapidly and irreversibly.
Modern genesis of administrative and legal regulation of the security sector of Ukraine: decentralizationof power and international experience
Authors: Tsybulnyk Nelli
Published: June 2021

Problem setting. The issue of legal regulation of the security sector in Ukraine is one of the most pressing problems of the state. Launched in 2014, the process of decentralization has strengthened the motivation for inter-municipal consolidation in the country and still creates appropriate conditions and mechanisms, including legal, for the formation of capable territorial communities which, uniting all their efforts, will be able to solve specific pressing problems.

The purpose of the research is to identify the features of administrative and legal regulation of relations in the security sector in the context of decentralization of state power to identify ways to further improve their legislation, based on the analysis of the provisions of domestic regulations

Analysis of resent researches and publications. An important contribution to the study of regulatory and legal support of the security sector of Ukraine, the development of its qualitatively new model, the peculiarities of its implementation and provision were made by such scientists as Bodruk O., Duchyminska L., Ezheev M., Kolb O., Ponomarev S. and others.

Article`s main body. During the development of Ukrainian statehood, the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine began to adopt regulations aimed at regulating public relations in the field of state defense, in particular the Law of Ukraine № 19911934-XII «On the Armed Forces of Ukraine» and № 1932- XII «On the Defense of Ukraine». Later (March 25, 1992) in order to resolve legal and functional issues in the field of state security, the Law of Ukraine № 2229-XII – «On the Security Service of Ukraine» was adopted. Twelve years have passed since the proclamation of Ukraine's independence until the adoption of a single legal act that regulated the issue of national security. Administrative and legal regulation of the security sector can be defined as regulated by administrative and legal norms of the system of public authorities, which by the laws of Ukraine in order to ensure the national security of Ukraine is entrusted with the function of protecting the national interests of Ukraine from threats.

Conclusions. Thus, administrative and legal regulation of the security sector is regulated by administrative and legal norms of the system of public authorities and local governments, which are responsible for the protection of national interests of Ukraine from threats, in order to ensure national security of Ukraine. The analysis of administrative and legal regulation of the security sector of Ukraine gives grounds to believe that this area significantly needs further improvement and some changes. The domestic regulatory framework governing national security and defense needs to eliminate conflicts and significantly clarify the categorical apparatus.
Perfil epidemiológico de tuberculose no Mato Grosso do Sul – Brasil entre 2010 e 2018
Authors: Moratas Leiliane Cassia
Published: June 2021

Objetivo: Descrever e analisar os casos de TB no estado de Mato Grosso do Sul, no período de 2010 a 2018. Método: foi realizada investigação retrospectiva dos casos de TB por meio de consulta ao Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN), sendo separados por sexo, idade, escolaridade, etnia, área de residência, forma de apresentação da tuberculose e institucionalização do paciente. Resultados: Foram encontrados 7336 casos em homens e 1443 casos de mulheres, e observou-se tratar de uma doença que atinge principalmente pessoas em idade economicamente ativa, entre 20 e 59 anos. Além disso, observou-se que pacientes com menor nível de escolaridade e em condições de cárcere privado, possuem maior risco de infecção por TB. Conclusão: Com esse estudo, pode-se observar que conforme se aumenta o investimento em prevenção e diagnóstico da doença, ocorre aumento exponencial dos casos, confirmando a importância de se discutir estratégias mais eficazes para o controle da TB, tanto em áreas urbanas como em centros de detenção.
The urban renewal of Hammam-Lif: The case of Avenue Casino/ Habib Bourguiba
Authors: Guedria Asma
Published: June 2021

The old seaside city of Hammam-lif has undergone several changes since its creation. The urban sprawl is no longer possible since the city reached its limits. This study focuses on urban evolution through different city’s plans. It refers to different bibliographic references. The comparison between old and recent photos illustrates these changes. The city has maintained its urban form but has undergone various changes in functions and density. There have been the introduction of new functions, especially those relating to the tertiary sector. The renewal of old buildings is characterized by the change in their height, which has become more important. These factors lead to a crowded city, with problems of congestion and parking. This study demonstrates one of the problems the city suffers from: the loss of its rich urban and architectural heritage, especially with the problems of safeguarding its two main architectural monuments: “Le Casino” and the beylical palace.
The Effect of Cognitive Semiotics on The Interpretation of Urban Space Configuration
Authors:   The American University of Kurdistan, Faculty of Interior Design, Duhok, Iraq, Aziz Amen Mustafa , Ahmad NIA Hourakhsh ,   Alanya HEP University, Faculty of Architecture , Alanya, Turkey
Published: June 2021

Urban space is composed of various dimensions and contexts that generate urban forms. The spatial distributions of urban elements have different layers of connotative indications associated with Society's shared knowledge. The implying semiotics affect space configuration that could lead either to generate a compact or sprawl urban fabric. However, it is essential to know how the semiotic elements affect space configuration. The research aims to locate semiotic elements that have a role in space configuration. The research methodology depends on finding the semiotic values through a practical survey combined with a GIS tool to locate the correlations between the most valuable signs using the chi-square method. Also, to build a model for assessing the cognitive semiotic elements. The model gives a clue to explain how the spatial configuration is affected by the existence of semiotic values and shifts its values accordingly.
The Influence of New Annex's Development on Historic Urban Spaces; an Example of Louver Museum Square
Authors: Hörmann-Shahidipour Seyedmehran
Published: June 2021

With the emergence of modernism, the main objective of promotion and protection of the historical urban areas according to the existing historic context, new context had presented a disaster through the modern years. The notion of development and protection has prepared the necessity to make a connection between the historical usages of space and provide a new annex usage. This study will focus on the new usages of historical spaces for the purpose of designing the new annex constructions. The main objective of the present study is to explore what occurs in historic space when annex extension is outdistancing historical boundaries? For this aim, the study will measure the Louver Museum square as the case study. The methodology of the present research is situated on a qualitative method regarding the literature review and available maps and photography analysis.
Projects in Sultanahmet Square in the Late Ottoman Period
Authors: Gürses Söğüt Sibel
Published: June 2021

In the 19th century, the foci of the spatial change in the capital of the Ottoman Empire were the squares dating back to the previous period. As buildings were endowed by their builders, the Byzantine forums had disappeared during the Ottoman Empire. During this period, the only place known and named as a square was the Hippodrome (Atmeydanı). To the south of Hagia Sophia, a part of the old Augustaion, whose exact boundaries cannot be determined, turned into a neighborhood. After the fire in 1913 which demolished the neighborhood, the area once more transformed into a square (Hagia Sophia Square). Today, this area is called Sultanahmet Square and is home to one of the first modern indicators of the period, the Darülfünun building, inaugurated in 1863 as university but later used as the Ministry of Justice building. In the blocks overlooking the square, a project for the Zaptieh building to replace the old Finance Administration building came to the fore in 1869, and later in 1871, the first model Central Prison was built next to the Ibrahim Pasha Palace. However, it was demolished in 1939 when the Courthouse was being built, and the prisoners were transferred to the Sultanahmet Jail.
EL GRUPO DE INVESTIGACIÓN DEMENCIA 10/66
Authors: Flores Aldolfo
Published: June 2021

Sólo el 10% de todas las investigaciones sobre demencias se realizan en los países en vías de desarrollo, donde vive aproximadamente el 66% de todas las personas con demencia, de ahí el nombre del grupo de investigación Demencia 10/66. El grupo está formado por investigadores, que trabajan en países de bajos y medianos ingresos y es coordinado por el profesor Martín Prince, del Institute of Psychiatry, De Crespigny Park, en Londres. El grupo se formó en 1996 para subsanar la escasez de investigaciones en Demencia en los países subdesarrollados.
ANTROPOLOGÍA DE LAS SUBJETIVIDADES
Authors: Aguilar José
Published: June 2021

Se aportan elementos de análisis crítico a la antropología de la subjetividad para abordar
la categoría de hombre heredada por la filosofía alemana del siglo XIX, teniendo en
cuenta los límites epistémicos del enfoque hegemónico acerca de proceso entendido como un dispositivo de racionalidad de la historia de la posmodernidad, que subsume en una misma orientación a las culturas no occidentales o míticas.
Metafísica de la violencia
Authors: Hernández Moreno Jesús
Published: June 2021

Se conforma un análisis metafísico en el que se aportan elementos teóricos sobre la
violencia en general, conforme a una crítica de los fundamentos de la acción, la razón y
la utilidad como criterios de culturación propios del pensamiento occidental.
Climatic variables and ecological modelling data for birds, amphibians and reptiles in the Transboundary Biosphere Reserve of Meseta Ibérica (Portugal-Spain)
Authors: Campos João , Rodrigues Sara , Freitas Teresa , Santos João , Honrado João , Regos Adrián
Published: June 2021

Climate change has been widely accepted as one of the major threats for global biodiversity and understanding its potential effects on species distribution is crucial to optimise conservation planning in future scenarios under global change. Integrating detailed climatic data across spatial and temporal scales into species distribution modelling can help to predict potential changes in biodiversity. Consequently, this type of data can be useful for developing efficient biodiversity management and conservation planning. The provision of such data becomes even more important in highly biodiverse regions, currently suffering from climatic and landscape changes. The Transboundary Biosphere Reserve of Meseta Ibérica (BRMI; Portugal-Spain) is one of the most relevant reserves for wildlife in Europe. This highly diverse region is of great ecological and socio-economical interest, suffering from synergistic processes of rural land abandonment and climatic instabilities that currently threaten local biodiversity.

Aiming to optimise conservation planning in the Reserve, we provide a complete dataset of historical and future climate models (1 x 1 km) for the BRMI, used to build a series of distribution models for 207 vertebrate species. These models are projected for 2050 under two climate change scenarios. The climatic suitability of 52% and 57% of the species are predicted to decrease under the intermediate and extreme climatic scenarios, respectively. These models constitute framework data for improving local conservation planning in the Reserve, which should be further supported by implementing climate and land-use change factors to increase the accuracy of future predictions of species distributions in the study area.

Herein, we provide a complete dataset of state-of-the-art historical and future climate model simulations, generated by global-regional climate model chains, with climatic variables resolved at a high spatial resolution (1 × 1 km) over the Transboundary Biosphere Reserve of Meseta Ibérica. Additionally, a complete series of distribution models for 207 species (168 birds, 24 reptiles and 15 amphibians) under future (2050) climate change scenarios is delivered, which constitute framework data for improving local conservation planning in the reserve.
Le sport en Russie sous Vladimir Poutine : une religion orthodoxe ?
Authors: Aubin Lukas
Published: June 2021

Pourquoi un aumônier orthodoxe suit-il l’équipe olympique russe partout dans le monde ? Dans quel but le patriarche Kirill de Moscou, la plus haute autorité religieuse du pays, fait-il régulièrement la promotion du sport dans les médias russes ? Assistons-nous à une sportivisation de la religion et à une théocratisation du sport en Russie ? Cet article vise à étudier les liens très forts qui existent entre le sport et la religion orthodoxe à l’ère de Vladimir Poutine. Si, dès 2000, le président russe a fait du sport un outil primordial de sa politique, il utilise également la religion orthodoxe comme une excroissance naturelle de son régime depuis le virage conservateur de 2012. Or, en juin 2018, l’inauguration par Kirill de la Commission patriarcale sur la culture physique et les sports institutionnalise la réalité religieuse d’un espace sportif longtemps resté athée. Désormais synchrones, les champs sportif et religieux en Russie semblent promis à une puissante synergie.
La barbarie lettrée, la république universelle et l’éducation intégrale
Authors: Vermeren Patrice
Published: June 2021

Comment penser la Commune de Paris (1871) autrement que comme une révolution prématurée (Marx) ou comme ayant sauvé la République en France ? Si l’événement ne procède d’aucune nécessité historique, quel est le sens de l’énigme de cette affirmation inattendue d’un principe politique, sous le drapeau d’une République universelle, et qui voit tout un peuple de sans-noms se constituer comme sujets de l’émancipation dans l’existence en acte d’une puissance d’égalité et dans l’expérience inédite d’une démocratie contre l’État ?
Les effets de l’événement communal dans l’apprentissage du politique chez Jean-Marie Guyau
Authors: Riba Jordi
Published: June 2021

Les effets de l’événement communal dans la philosophie et la pédagogie de Jean-Marie Guyau sont présentés dans cet article, non seulement comme contestables mais aussi comme possibles. Il a vécu avec intensité les faits qui ont contribué à l’élaboration de sa pensée, au-delà même de ce que Nietzsche aurait pu conclure après la lecture de ses écrits. La pensée de Guyau est construite à partir des événements de la Commune, et c’est de cette manière qu’elle est abordée par ses détracteurs et ses continuateurs.
Leadership Experiences in a Healthy Work Environment
Authors: Snyder Madeline , Embree Jennifer L.
Published: June 2021

To continue nursing leadership development experiences in a virtual world requires planning and perseverance. Given the current landscape of health care, a view toward healthy work environment experiences is critical to maintain participant engagement while meeting educational objectives. This article outlines the steps and key points important in developing healthy work environment nursing leadership experiences.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs
. 2021;52(7):309–311.]
Effectiveness of Applying Evidence-based Guidelines for Nurses Training on Nasogastric Tube Care
Authors: Chen Miao-Yen , Chou Shih-Ling , Mu Pei-Fan , Wang Su Chin , Chang Mei-Yu , Lin Hsiu-Hui , Chen Kee-Hsin , Hsu Shu-Yun , Chen Hsiang-Chun , Yang Kai-Ling , Lee Shu-Hui , Lu Ning-Jung
Published: June 2021

Background:

This study formulated clinical guidelines for assessing nasogastric tube placement and for health education guidance according to evidence-based recommendations.

Method:

This study used a single group, pre- and postintervention design. Purposive sampling was used to recruit participants from nursing institutions in Taiwan.

Results:

Sixty-two individuals in charge of nursing institutions were recruited to participate in the in-service training program. Statistically significant differences were observed in the four major items in the self-directed learning readiness scale (
t
= 3.85,
p
< .00;
t
= 3.99,
p
< .00;
t
= 2.94,
p
< .01;
t
= 4.13,
p
< .00). With regard to program satisfaction, the mean score was 4.88 to 4.9 points. The mean score for teaching satisfaction was 4.94 to 4.9 points. Furthermore, the participants scored more than 80 points in the online course test and the nasogastric tube placement skill.

Conclusion:

The individuals in-charge are expected to be willing to apply and promote methods of literature collation and recommendation in their respective institutions.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs
. 2021;52(7):326–334.]
Existence and multiplicity of nontrivial solutions for a semilinear biharmonic equation with weight functions
Authors: Cheng Xiyou , Feng Zhaosheng , Wei Lei
Published: June 2021

We consider the existence and multiplicity of nontrivial solutions for a semilinear biharmonic equation with the concave-convex nonlinearities \begin{document}$ f(x) |u|^{q-1} u $\end{document} and \begin{document}$ h(x) |u|^{p-1} u $\end{document} under certain conditions on \begin{document}$ f(x), \, h(x) $\end{document}, \begin{document}$ p $\end{document} and \begin{document}$ q $\end{document}. Applying the Nehari manifold method along with the fibering maps and the minimization method, we study the effect of \begin{document}$ f(x) $\end{document} and \begin{document}$ h(x) $\end{document} on the existence and multiplicity of nontrivial solutions for the semilinear biharmonic equation. When \begin{document}$ h(x)^+ \neq 0 $\end{document}, we prove that the equation has at least one nontrivial solution if \begin{document}$ f(x)^+ = 0 $\end{document} and that the equation has at least two nontrivial solutions if \begin{document}$ \int_\Omega |f^+|^r\, \text{d}x \in (0, \varLambda^r) $\end{document}, where \begin{document}$ r $\end{document} and \begin{document}$ \varLambda $\end{document} are explicit numbers. These results are novel, which improve and extend the existing results in the literature.
$ W^{2, p} $-regularity for asymptotically regular fully nonlinear elliptic and parabolic equations with oblique boundary values
Authors: Zhang Junjie , Zheng Shenzhou , Zuo Chunyan
Published: June 2021

We prove a global \begin{document}$ W^{2, p} $\end{document}-estimate for the viscosity solution to fully nonlinear elliptic equations \begin{document}$ F(x, u, Du, D^{2}u) = f(x) $\end{document} with oblique boundary condition in a bounded \begin{document}$ C^{2, \alpha} $\end{document}-domain for every \begin{document}$ \alpha\in (0, 1) $\end{document}. Here, the nonlinearities \begin{document}$ F $\end{document} is assumed to be asymptotically \begin{document}$ \delta $\end{document}-regular to an operator \begin{document}$ G $\end{document} that is \begin{document}$ (\delta, R) $\end{document}-vanishing with respect to \begin{document}$ x $\end{document}. We employ the approach of constructing a regular problem by an appropriate transformation. With a similar argument, we also obtain a global \begin{document}$ W^{2, p} $\end{document}-estimate for the viscosity solution to fully nonlinear parabolic equations \begin{document}$ F(x, t, u, Du, D^{2}u)-u_{t} = f(x, t) $\end{document} with oblique boundary condition in a bounded \begin{document}$ C^{3} $\end{document}-domain.
Victus Ordine Constituto: la alimentación en la medicina de Amato Lusitano, una aproximación
Authors: Pérez Ibáñez María Jesús , Recio Muñoz Victoria
Published: June 2021

Parte de la tarea médica del portugués João Rodrigues de Castelo Branco, pseudónimo de Amato Lusitano (1511-1568), consiste en atender o modificar la dieta de sus pacientes. A través de las prescripciones de la Centuria Tertia, uno de los libros que componen su obra Curationum Medicinalium Centuriae, podemos ver el amplio número de alimentos utilizados con fines terapéuticos, algunos realmente costosos. También conocemos cómo la atención de este médico por la dieta exige la obediencia del paciente.
Las traducciones argentinas de Galeno: el caso de La Sangría
Authors: Durán Mañas Mónica
Published: June 2021

El presente trabajo estudia las primeras traducciones de Galeno al español que se realizaron en Argentina, en el marco de un proyecto editorial dirigido por Aníbal Ruiz Moreno. La investigación pone de manifiesto que la colección en la que aparecen no era en realidad solo de obras de Galeno, sino una colección general con textos relevantes para la historia de la medicina. Se añade el caso concreto de La sangría como estudio de caso para una evaluación preliminar de la naturaleza de las traducciones ofrecidas por Ruiz Moreno y su equipo. El proyecto quedó inconcluso debido a la repentina muerte de su director por lo que quedaron algunos tratados galénicos sin publicar. El artículo aporta una hipótesis plausible sobre el destino de estas traducciones. Aníbal Ruiz Moreno, fue nada menos que el fundador, junto con Pedro Laín Entralgo, de la revista que hoy se llama Asclepio.
Espacios emocionales y medicina en el siglo xix. una ontología histórica de las pasiones
Authors: Zaragoza Bernal Juan Manuel
Published: June 2021

Las nuevas concepciones en la comprensión de las emociones desarrolladas en las dos primeras décadas del siglo XXI posibilitan el desarrollo de nuevos programas de investigación en humanidades y ciencias sociales que tengan en cuenta los elementos de la cultura material y el entorno social en la constitución de la experiencia emocional. Desde este punto de partida, en el presente artículo se realiza, empleando las herramientas de la ontología histórica, el análisis de uno de los hospitales para enfermos incurables, crónicos y ancianos situados en Madrid en el siglo XIX, caracterizándolo como un espacio emocional, es decir: aquellos en los que la gestión de las emociones es la principal práctica médica. Para ello analizaremos las propuestas teóricas desarrolladas por Durand-Fardel y Charcot acerca del tratamiento de este tipo de afecciones. Emplearemos los conceptos de marco y espacio enmarcado, de Erving Goffman, como herramienta explicativa que nos permita comprender la tarea de estructuración de la experiencia emocional puesta en práctica, lo que nos permitirá definir herramientas conceptuales que favorezcan la reinterpretación de las fuentes disponibles desde una nueva perspectiva.
Cuando la muerte viene a visitarte: el paso de la gripe de 1918-1919 por la ciudad de Segovia
Authors: De la Fuente Núñez Rubén
Published: June 2021

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo estudiar la gripe de 1918-1919 en Segovia, explicando su origen, evolución, mortalidad diferencial, profilaxis y las consecuencias más importantes que se derivaron de ella. Con este fin, se ha trabajado con la documentación existente en el Archivo Municipal de Segovia, las partidas de defunción del registro civil, estadística municipal, provincial y nacional, el Boletín Oficial de la Provincia y los principales periódicos segovianos. En primer lugar, nos centramos en la aparición de la epidemia, propagación, llegada a España y las víctimas causadas, atendiendo a su sexo, edad, procedencia, localización, estado civil y profesión. Las medidas preventivas y paliativas se analizan desde varios puntos de vista: organizativas, control de población, transportes, higiene, comercio, personal sanitario y dependencias hospitalarias. En cuanto a las secuelas que dejó en la provincia, se abordan desde dos enfoques: por un lado, el económico, aquéllas relacionadas con la escasez y subida de los precios de primera necesidad, y por otro, las que afectaron al normal desarrollo de la actividad en general.
The International Health Division of the Rockefeller Foundation and the training of health professionals in Brazil: the case of Olympio da Fonseca (1920s)
Authors: Korndörfer Ana Paula
Published: June 2021

[pt] Nossa proposta, neste artigo, é discutir a atuação da International Health Division (IHD) da Fundação Rockefeller (FR) na formação de pessoal para a saúde através do programa de concessão de bolsas de estudos da instituição filantrópica norte-americana e, mais especificamente, a atuação da Fundação na formação de profissionais vinculados ao Brasil, destacando o caso de Olympio da Fonseca. Olympio da Fonseca foi um importante pesquisador brasileiro. Entre os cargos ocupados por Fonseca, podemos destacar a direção do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, entre 1949 e 1953, e a organização e direção do Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (1954-1955). Diversas fontes nos permitem refletir sobre a trajetória profissional do médico e sua formação a partir da bolsa da FR, como a ficha produzida pela Fundação (Fellowship card) e uma entrevista concedida por Olympio da Fonseca ao Centro de Pesquisa e Documentação de História Contemporânea do Brasil (CPDOC) da Fundação Getúlio Vargas (FGV) em 1977.
Epidemiología de los trastornos mentales en Chile y su impacto en las políticas públicas de salud mental, 1950-1973
Authors: Araya Ibacache Claudia , Martínez Villavicencio Camila
Published: June 2021

A partir de la década de 1950, un grupo de psiquiatras chilenos comienza a converger en torno a la epidemiología de los trastornos mentales. Ni la psiquiatría ni la salud mental habían logrado posicionarse exitosamente en el escenario público, como sí lo habían conseguido la salud “física” y la medicina. Desde la década anterior los psiquiatras venían buscando ese posicionamiento, fundamentalmente a través de la introducción y aplicación de las terapias biológicas. Planteamos que a partir de la influencia de las ciencias sociales y del escaso éxito de los tratamientos psiquiátricos, el desarrollo de los estudios epidemiológicos significó una renovación en el papel de la psiquiatría y los psiquiatras en el escenario de la salud pública.
La Scala Graduum Caloris de Newton. Una simulación numérica
Authors: Simón Calero Julián
Published: June 2021

Sir Isaac Newton, en la Scala graduum Caloris, publicada en 1701, presentaba una escala “con el grado de calor” de los cuerpos que extendía las medidas muy por encima de los valores disponibles en la época. Para determinarla, Newton siguió dos caminos. El primero usando un termómetro de dilatación con aceite de linaza como líquido, cuyas medidas seguían una progresión aritmética, pero cuyo máximo estaba limitado por la inflamación del aceite. El segundo, por un método completamente nuevo, que consistía en medir los tiempos de enfriamiento de un cuerpo previamente calentado en una pequeña cocina de carbón, y relacionar esos tiempos con las temperaturas según una nueva ley, lo que daba lugar a una escala que seguía una progresión geométrica. Ambas escalas se solapaban parcialmente, lo cual le permitió extender las medidas aritméticas hasta más de seis veces el punto de ebullición del agua. Esa nueva ley se conoce como “Ley de enfriamiento Newton”.
Aquí, pretendemos realizar una simulación numérica del proceso de enfriamiento del cuerpo caliente, conjeturando los instrumentos que pudo haber usado y las condiciones ambientales en que se realizó. Todo ello siguiendo lo que el propio Newton refleja en su artículo. Se terminará con unas reflexiones sobre la ley, que estimamos que la enunció en forma integral.
Dos Libros y un destino
Authors: Crespo Saumell Jordi
Published: June 2021

No disponible
Búsqueda de señal orbital en isótopos estables de carbono y oxígeno de belemnites del Jurásico Inferior de la cuenca Vasco-Cantábrica mediante el periodograma suavizado de Lomb-Scargle
Authors: Polanco-Martínez Josué M.
Published: June 2021

Los isótopos estables obtenidos de muestras fosilizadas de macrofósiles, como los belemnites, son unos de los pocos registros geológicos existentes del Jurásico Inferior, por lo cual han sido usados para reconstrucciones de temperaturas y salinidades del océano de esa época. Sin embargo, hasta la fecha no han sido utilizados para averiguar si estos paleoindicadores pudieron registrar algún tipo de evento periódico relacionado con los ciclos orbitales de la Tierra. Por esta razón y teniendo en cuenta varias de las limitaciones al utilizar estos tipos de datos, en este trabajo se presenta un novedoso estudio donde se aplica una técnica avanzada de análisis espectral conocida como el periodograma suavizado de Lomb-Scargle, la cual puede ser aplicada de modo directo a series temporales no equiespaciadas contaminadas por ruido. El objetivo de este trabajo es identificar la presencia de ciclos orbitales que se hayan podido registrar en series temporales de valores medios de δ18O y δ13C provenientes de muestras fosilizadas de belemnites recolectadas en la cuenca Vasco-Cantábrica teniendo en cuenta los errores de datación de estas muestras en la estimación del espectro. De manera especial se hace énfasis en la búsqueda de alguno de los ciclos de la excentricidad, como el de largo periodo localizado ca. 400 Ka o el de menor periodo localizado ca. 100 ka, porque se sabe que el ciclo de 400 Ka ha permanecido invariable desde el Mesozoico hasta el presente y porque ambos ciclos han sido identificados en registros estratigráficos del Mesozoico recolectados en diferentes áreas geográficas. Sin embargo, a pesar de la rigurosidad de nuestros análisis, no se encontró señal orbital de 400 Ka aunque si una localizada cerca de los 109 Ka, la cual podría estar relacionada con los ciclos de corto periodo de la excentricidad de la Tierra.
Estabilización del sector occidental de la antigua cantera de Punta Lucero en el Puerto de Bilbao
Authors: Escobal Iñigo , Baraibar José Manuel , García Mochales José Luis , González Johnatan , Arlandi Manuel , Bernardo Alberto
Published: June 2021

El presente artículo describe las obras de estabilización de la antigua cantera de Punta Lucero en las instalaciones de la Autoridad Portuaria de Bilbao. Estas obras han sido necesarias para acabar con la caída ocasional de piedras y bloques que amenazaban diversas instalaciones con depósitos de combustibles implantadas en la plataforma portuaria. La actuación se ha concebido considerando la oportunidad de aprovechar los materiales para un proyecto en sus proximidades, las obras del Proyecto de Espigón Central de la ampliación del Puerto de Bilbao. Por otra parte, la operación de excavación se ha organizado mediante banqueo descendente y el transporte ha sido realizado a través de pozo-túnel. Este método presenta múltiples ventajas, tanto desde el punto de vista de la seguridad como desde la perspectiva ambiental y de emisión de gases de efecto invernadero. El empleo de este sistema no tiene precedentes en obras de estabilización de laderas.
Cortesanos contra humanistas: sobre el origen del beso
Authors: Blanco Emilio
Published: June 2021

El trabajo analiza la forma en que las anotaciones de los autores clásicos acerca del origen del beso se convierten, a comienzos del Renacimiento, en arma arrojadiza entre humanistas y cortesanos, que optaron por distintas hipótesis al respecto, motivados por sus intereses vitales y literarios, de raigambre ética en el caso de los cultivadores de los estudios humanísticos, de carácter profeminista cuando se trataba de tratados filográficos.
Los avisos cortesanos de Salas Barbadillo y Liñán y Verdugo. En torno a la novela de escarmientos
Authors: González Ramírez David
Published: June 2021

La literatura de avisos cortesanos durante el Siglo de Oro se mueve entre la denuncia de las inmoralidades y la advertencia sobre los modos de comportamiento. Narradores como Salas y Liñán se centran en el deterioro moral que causan los estratos más bajos y configuraron un tipo de novela de escarmiento en el que estos personajes ruines normalmente son satirizados y condenados.
En torno a la corte de la Monarquía Hispánica en una novela recientemente descubierta: El Soldado Quexoso de João Franco Barreto
Authors: Vargas Díaz-Toledo Aurelio
Published: June 2021

En este trabajo damos a conocer una novela inédita escrita en castellano por el portugués João Franco Barreto en 1628. Se trata de una obra manuscrita que contaba con todas las licencias para ser impresa por Paulo Craasbeeck, pero que nunca llegó a imprimirse. El Soldado Quexoso muestra una visión muy interesante sobre los usos y costumbres de la corte tanto en Lisboa como en Madrid.
La mirada pública y las dobles bodas reales de 1599
Authors: García-Reidy Alejandro
Published: June 2021

Este trabajo aborda la manera en la que diferentes textos que dieron noticia de las dobles bodas reales de 1599 codificaron la presencia e implicación del gran público en esta celebración cortesana y en cómo su mirada, gracias a las dinámicas del mercado editorial, empezó a acceder a espacios y situaciones tradicionalmente vedados a quienes no formaban parte del mundo cortesano.
La prudente venganza de Lope de Vega (1624) y Josefina Molina (1971): un musical de novella
Authors: Aranda Arribas Victoria
Published: June 2021

Única incursión de las Novelas a Marcia Leonarda en el mundo audiovisual: en 1971, Josefina Molina adaptó La prudente venganza para la serie de dramáticos de la Segunda Cadena de TVE, Hora 11 (1968-1974). Analizo cómo la cineasta supo trasvasar a la pequeña pantalla la esencia argumental y narratológica del texto lopesco en un musical repleto de afinidades –e ingeniosas disidencias– con su modelo.
Education politics and contingency: Belief, status and trust behind the Finnish PISA miracle
Authors: Simola Hannu , Rinne Risto
Published: June 2021

De nombreux concepts non historiques et décontextualisés tels que efficacité, responsabilité et qualité sont en train d’envahir le monde éducatif sans être remis en question, du fait de leur utilisation généralisée à travers le monde. L’éducation comparative continue à souffrir de certains déficits méthodologiques et d’une sous-théorisation prononcée. Dans cet article, nous tentons d’enrichir cette recherche à partir des concepts prometteurs de contingence, coincidence et Spielraum. Ces concepts nous serviront à présenter le succès finlandais dans les études PISA en illustrant trois croyances largement ancrées dans les débats nationaux en Finlande. Ces croyances paraissent uniques si on les compare à d’autres nations, et elles proviennent certainement de l’histoire nationale finlandaise. La première concerne la confiance forte des Finlandais en l’éducation ; la deuxième veut que le métier d’enseignant soit un métier très respecté dans ce pays ; et la troisième que les parents, autorités et hommes politiques ont confiance en l’école compréhensive finlandaise. Ces trois « vérités » nationales sont largement acceptées même si l’on trouve peu de preuves empiriques pour les justifier. Elles peuvent constituer sans aucun doute des éléments clefs de l’auto-perception nationale en relation à l’éducation. Dans cette contribution, nous questionnons les explications traditionnelles de type fonctionnaliste ou rationaliste de la recherche comparative en éducation.