bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of aqueous extract of Azadirachta indica leaves on gastrointestinal nematodes in ruminants: an in vitro study
Authors: Correa Herrera Nelson , Martínez Montero Marcos Edel , Cepero Rodríguez Omelio , Jumbo Romero Manuel de Jesús , Linares Rivero Claudia , Fontes Marrero Dayami , Cuello Portal Sandra , Quiñones-Galvez Janet , Rodríguez Benalcázar Viviana Marina , Borja Ramos Alva Tatiana
Published: September 2023

High rates of gastrointestinal parasite infestation lead to the frequent use of anthelmintics for their control, resulting in resistance in the main species of gastrointestinal nematodes. Natural plant extracts, particularly those from Azadirachta indica A. Juss leaves, have been described as having antiparasitic, antimicrobial, insecticidal, antioxidant, and anticorrosive activities, which are related to the diversity of their chemical composition. This research aimed to evaluate the effect of the aqueous extract of A. indica leaves on the control of gastrointestinal nematodes in ruminants. To achieve this, an in vitro test was performed using the larval development assay, with fecal samples obtained from Pelibuey sheep, Criolla goats in the development category, and Criolla calf cattle for the culture of gastrointestinal nematode larvae. Three concentrations (minimum, medium, and maximum) were evaluated for each animal species against Haemonchus placei and Cooperia sp larvae for cattle and Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus sp, and Trichuris for sheep and goats. The survival percentage indicator was evaluated at 0, 24, 48, and 72 h. The research concluded that the minimum concentration was valid for sheep and goats but not for cattle, and the medium and maximum concentrations were effective against all three animal species, resulting in 100% larval mortality.
Keywords: Azadirachta, drug effects, Ruminants, Trichostrongyloidea
Evaluación ex-post del proyecto de riego tecnificado para la diversificación agrícola en la comunidad de San José de Chazo, cantón Guano, año 2022
Authors: López Valverde Edison Israel , Román Robalin Daniel Arturo , Santiago Tapia Ramirez Cristian , Antonio Muñoz Jácome Eduardo , Guilcapi-Pacheco Edmundo Danilo , González Valdez Karla Milena , Granja Guato David Fernando
Published: September 2023

The research was conducted in the San José de Chazo community, located in the San José de Chazo parish of the Guano canton in the Chimborazo province. The conducted research is exploratory, with primary information sources consisting of families from the community who are beneficiaries of the irrigation project. They were administered Surveys and interviews to ascertain the project's current status, impact, and sustainability. The successful implementation of the irrigated project in the San José de Chazo community has led to more efficient land use through crop diversification, with 94.2% of the producers maintaining the irrigation system. Agricultural diversification has proven to be an effective means to enhance the value of small producers' farms, address price variations, and generate additional income. The research reveals the irrigation system's significant and positive impact on the beneficiaries' quality of life, highlighting improvements in economic and social aspects. Agricultural diversification has notably increased, enriching the range of crops and enhancing the community's economic income. The project has positively influenced social, economic, and environmental spheres, promoting biodiversity and community well-being. Technified irrigation systems are pivotal in enhancing water efficiency, agricultural production, and climate change resilience, aligning with successful experiences in the region.

Keywords: Ex-post evaluation; Irrigation; Agricultural diversification; Social impact; Sustainability; Agricultural economics.
Agro-productive response of pepper hybrids in a tropical sheltered production system
Authors: Bernal Cabrera Alexander , Leiva Mora Michel , Freile Almeida Jorge Antonio , Soria Re Sandra Luisa , Castro Alban Hugo Alejandro , Nazareno Ortiz Rene , Lazo Roger Yosbel , Rojas Rojas Antonio
Published: September 2023

The present work aimed to evaluate the agro-productive response of bell pepper 'Robur F1' and 'Clair F1' hybrids. The experiment was conducted in a tropical sheltered production system at the "Valle del Yabú" Agricultural Enterprise. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with four replicates. The height and diameter of the main stem, length of internodes, and number of days to flowering were evaluated. Additionally, the number of fruits per plant, average fruit weight and yield, and fruit quality attributes (thickness of the pericarp, length, top width, color, shape, and number of lobes) were recorded. Results showed that 'Robur F1' reached a higher height (33.9 cm), the diameter of the main stem (12.9 mm) and the length of the internodes (9.84 cm). 'Clair F1' showed the highest number of fruits per plant (12), average fruit weight (273.60 g), and yield (3.87 kg/m2). A higher pericarp thickness and fruit width were observed in 'Clair F1', while the fruit was longer in 'Robur F1 (13 cm). Both hybrids had green bell peppers and fruits. With the knowledge of agro-productive characteristics of both pepper hybrids, Cuba may select the most remarkable genotype under a tropical sheltered production system.

Keywords: agricultural yield, Capsicum annuum, fruit quality, morphological traits.
Hormonal profiles and adjustment disorders in adolescent girls with menstrual abnormalities and comorbid pathology
Authors: Dynnik V.O. , Dynnik О.О. , Havenko H.О. , Volkova Yu.V. , Verchoshanova O.G.
Published: September 2023

Background. The reproductive health of girls has acquired great social significance in connection with the problem of quantitative and qualitative reproduction of the population. The purpose of the study was to determine the hormonal status of adolescent females with menstrual disorders and various somatic pathologies and to investigate the state of adaptive-compensatory capacities in these patients. Materials and methods. The hormonal background was studied in 391 girls aged 12–17 years: 175 with abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) and 216 with oligomenorrhea (OM). All patients were examined by a multidisciplinary team. Results. A comorbid pathology was found in the absolute majority of girls with menstrual abnormalities. Endocrine disorders were noted more often (pϕ < 0.001–0.00001). Indicators of hormone concentration in patients with menstrual disorders had no significant differences depending on the type of comorbidity. Probable changes in the content of some hormones were observed depending on the type of menstrual disorders. A significant increase in the level of luteinizing hormone (pu < 0.02) and a decrease in estradiol (pu < 0.02) were observed in patients with OM compared to those with AUB. The assessment of the adjustment state revealed that in girls with menstrual disorders, the average cortisol content did not differ from that of controls, and insulin was higher than in the comparison group (pu < 0.001). Ho­wever, high cortisol values (above 90 percentile) were noted in 8–13 % of patients with AUB and OM. The stress index (C/In) as a marker of a nonspecific stress response was lower than in the comparison group (pu < 0.0001), and it was probably higher in girls with OM than in adolescents with AUB (pu < 0.004). Conclusions. An interdisciplinary approach is a mo­dern strategy in the treatment of menstrual disorders in adolescence. A decrease in the stress index was found in girls with menstrual disorders, which may indicate a decrease in adaptive capacity. Moreover, adolescents with OM are more adjusted to menstrual disorders than girls with AUB.
The effect of vitamin D supplementation on the frequency and course of recurrent respiratory diseases in children
Authors: Marushko Yu.V. , Yesipova S.I. , Hyshchak T.V.
Published: September 2023

Background. Recurrent and prolonged course of respiratory infections leads to the formation of chronic foci of inflammation, the persistence of viruses, impaired physical and psychomotor development, and a decrease in the child’s immunity. Given the participation of vitamin D (VD) in the regulation of the body’s immune response, the study of its role in the development and course of recurrent respiratory diseases in children remains re­levant. The purpose is to study the effect of vitamin D supplementation on the frequency and course of recurrent respiratory diseases in children. Materials and methods. We examined 52 children with recurrent respiratory infections aged 4 to 10 years. Children were examined before and after VD supplementation according to the study criteria: the average frequency of acute respiratory infection (ARI) episodes per year, the severity of the clinical manifestations of ARI episode, its average duration, the frequency of antibiotic prescriptions and outpatient visits to the doctor. Results. It was found that at the beginning of the exa­mination, the level of 25(OH)D in the blood serum ranged from 11.1 to 29.9 ng/ml, 22 (42.3 %) children had VD deficiency. An analysis of the frequency of ARI episodes per year showed that children with VD deficiency were ill more often than children with a sufficient level of VD (p < 0.001). According to the results of the study, it was found that VD supplementation contributes to a decrease in the frequency of ARI episodes from 8.7 ± 1.7 to 6.8 ± 1.2 times a year (p < 0.001), a decrease in the average number of symptoms of an episode of acute respiratory infections per year from 5.5 ± 0.5 to 4.5 ± 0.5 and their manifestations from 9.2 to 7.41 points (p < 0.001), a decrease in the duration of ARI episode from 6.0 ± 1.7 to 5.7 ± 1.5 days (p = 0.003), as well as a decrease in the number of outpatient visits from 5 to 4 (p = 0.004) and antibiotic prescriptions from 61 to 38 (p < 0.001). Conclusions. VD supplementation improves the course of respiratory diseases in children. The study was carried out in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki principles. The study protocol was adopted by the ethics committee of the institution indicated in the work. The informed consent of the children’s parents was obtained.
The program of multidisciplinary online support of children with spina bifida in Ukraine during the war
Authors: Boyarchuk O.R. , Koshmaniuk M.V.
Published: September 2023

Background. The Russian aggression against Ukraine has exacerbated the challenges faced by children with spina bifida (SB). Access to healthcare is severely impacted due to security concerns, restricted mobility, and mass displacement. To address these issues and improve access to medical care, we launched a project titled “The program of multidisciplinary online support of children with spina bifida in Ukraine”. The aim: to present the program of multidisciplinary online support of patients with SB and their families during the war for improving healthcare for this vulnerable group of patients at a time of limited opportunities. Methods. The project ran from June to December 2022 and involved collaboration of the NGO “Lights of Spirit”, doctors, and specialists including a lawyer, a psychologist, a social worker, a teacher. This multidisciplinary team worked together to provide comprehensive assistance to families with children having SB. Results. Overall, 149 families with children with SB and hydrocephalus from nearly all regions of Ukraine participated in the project. Initially, 82 online consultations were conducted. Nineteen online meetings were organized for parents with the involvement of a physical therapist, an occupational therapist, and a psychologist and 87 families took part in these meetings. Parents and children with SB received online consultations from doctors of the multidisciplinary team, as well as examination, treatment, necessary care products, and medicine tailored to their individual needs. The project also provided educational, informational, and psychological support. Conclusions. The program of multidisciplinary online support of children with SB in Ukraine during the Russian invasion confirmed its significance, necessity, and effectiveness. It facilitated the formation of partnerships between patients, parents, and clinicians. The project showed the problems of prevention and care of children with SB and also prospects for future development in this field.
Impact of stress on adolescents during puberty (part 1)
Authors: Strashok L.A. , Rak L.I. , Danylenko H.M. , Yeshchenko A.V. , Kashina-Yarmak V.L. , Zavelya E.M. , Isakova M.Yu.
Published: September 2023

The first part of the presented article deals with the actual problem of stress impact of on the body in adolescence. Puberty is characterized by significant anatomical and physiological, neuroendocrine and psychological changes. During the war in Ukraine, there are many significant factors that provoke stresses, which are superimposed on the stress of puberty. Stressors can lead to significant psychological pressure, physical problems and, as a result, an impact on the physical health and well-being of children and adolescents. A significant stress factor is a change of residence and lifestyle. The article presents the data of own research on the study of the impact of military operations in Ukraine on the psycho-emotional state and health of internally displaced school-aged children and adolescents. An increase in the tense psycho-emotional state with an increase in negative emotions among migrant adolescents compared to the pre-war period is shown. The adolescents’ optimistic view of the future indicated a certain potential for resilience. Increased sensitivity to stressful events in adolescents is due to the maturation of stress-sensitive parts of the brain and rela­ted changes in hormonal reactivity. The course of a stress reaction is coordinated by an interaction of the stress-realizing and stress-li­miting systems. The first part of the article details the neuroendocrine changes in the hypothalamus of an adolescent provoked by a combination of stress and puberty. The effects of corticotropin-releasing hormone, gonadotropin-releasing hormone and gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone, dopamine, serotonin, gamma-aminobutyric acid, and others have been described. In adolescence, the adaptive stress reactions are superimposed on the process of adaptation to sexual maturation, physical growth and psychosocial development. The relationship of hormones and neurotransmitters of the hypothalamus with other neuroendocrine factors is presented in the second part of the article.
Food intolerance in premature babies: possibilities of additional diagnostics
Authors: Mavropulo T.K. , Khorosh A.A.
Published: September 2023

Due to the immaturity of the digestive system and gastrointestinal motility the preterm infants have a critical challenge in establishing adequate enteral nutrition, which is a frequent cause of gastrointestinal complications such as food intolerance and necrotizing enterocolitis. Modern clinical methods of assessing the maturity of the intestines and the child's readiness for enteral nutrition are subjective, this slows down the expansion of enteral nutrition, increases the duration of parenteral nutrition, and accordingly , period of a child`s hospitalizing. Objective methods of diagnosis are needed, which would contribute to the effective diagnosis and monitoring of food intolerance in preterm infants. Therefore, the purpose of our review was to search and summarize literature data on objective methods of diagnosing impaired food tolerance in premature baby, which could to provide daily monitoring, would be safe, cost-effective and easily accessible. Results and their discussion. Accordingly, three leading and most promising methods of examining the newborns gastrointestinal tract were analyzed. The were ultrasound examination (absence or reverse diastolic blood flow in the umbilical artery, high pulsation index in the fetal venous duct, indicators of blood flow in the upper mesenteric artery of the newborn), near-infrared spectroscopy (estimation of oxygen saturation of splanchnic tissue), and auscultation of intestinal sounds (phonoenterogram). Each of these methods has advantages and disadvantages, but to solve these existing problems, there has been recently an increasing amount of research on the bowel sounds using (namely their computerized assessment) as a new diagnostic tool.  New research and further study of intestinal murmurs in premature newborns of different gestational ages with the development of clear criteria for data interpretation are needed to assess the maturity of the gastrointestinal tract, to create a diagnosis plan of food intolerance, and to develop an algorithm for early intervention.
A case of tetanus in a previously immunized person
Authors: Rybak V.O. , Sudakevych V.H. , Nasalskyi T.V. , Dobryanska I.I. , Yevtushenko V.V. , Kramarov S.O. , Kyrytsia N.S. , Voronov O.O. , Skrytskyi I.V.
Published: September 2023

Tetanus is an acute infectious disease of humans and animals caused by anaerobic wound bacteria. The nervous system structural damage caused by toxin of the pathogen leads to tonic tension of the skeletal muscles and periodic generalized convulsions. If proper medical care is not provided in time, tetanus ends fatally. The incidence of tetanus is relatively low due to the widespread vaccination, but this infection can also occur in previously immunized individuals. The infection is widespread mainly in countries with a low economic level and weak health system. The tetanus poses a risk for all population segments, but the newborns and pregnant women are most vulnerable. Accor­ding to the Center for Public Health, 14 cases of tetanus were registered in Ukraine in 2022. The clinical picture of tetanus, as defined by the World Health Organization, includes painful muscle contractions, risus sardonicus (persistent spasm of facial muscles) and trismus (inability to open the mouth). Such patients have a history of trauma or damage to soft tissues, skin or mucous membranes. However, tetanus is a disease with multiple lesions, because in addition to the nervous system, the cardiovascular, respiratory and other systems are involved in the process. In the treatment, it is important to promptly introduce specific human tetanus immunoglobulin, perform debridement, antibiotic therapy and situational therapy. However, it should be borne in mind that the most effective and important direction is tetanus vaccination. The article presents a clinical case of tetanus in an 18-year-old pre-immunized patient who was admitted to a district hospital as a result of an injury. The purpose of publishing this case is to remind physicians to be alert for tetanus. In addition, the authors wanted to emphasize the risk of developing the disease even in previously vaccinated patients. The presence of prior vaccination and a high level of antitoxic antibodies cannot rule out a diagnosis of tetanus.
The role of miRNAs in the development of cholangiopathies. Part 2
Authors: Abaturov A.E. , Babуch V.L.
Published: September 2023

The role of miRNA in the development of cho­langiopathies is considered in the scientific review. This article discusses the role of miRNA in biliary atresia, polycystic liver disease, and cholangiocarcinoma. To write the article, information was searched using Scopus, Web of Science, MedLine, PubMed, Google Scholar, EMBASE, Global Health, The Cochrane Library databases. The results of experimental studies indicate that the influence of miRNA causes the development of biliary atresia. It is found that, according to the results of ­miRNA expression profiling of extrahepatic bile ducts and gallbladder, miR-133a/b, ­miR-30b/c, miR-200a, miR-195, miR-365 and miR-320 are involved in the pathogenesis of biliary atresia. The article states that the scientists demonstrated a high level of ADD3 mRNA expression in the liver tissue of patients with biliary atresia. ADD3 overexpression promotes the adhesion and accumulation of epithelial cells in the bile ducts, which can lead to obstruction of the bile ducts and cholestasis. In turn, an excess of bile acids stimulates the proliferation of cholangiocytes and causes the development of liver fibrosis. Given that hyperproli­feration of epithelial cells of the bile ducts due to an impaired cell cycle is a key feature of cystogenesis in polycystic liver disease, researchers hypothesized that miRNAs, changing the cell cycle, may contribute to hepatic cystogenesis. The authors showed that polycystic liver disease is accompanied by a decrease in the expression of miR-15a, whose target is the mRNA of the cell division cycle 25A regulator. Numerous miRNAs are involved in the development of cholangiocarcinoma, changes in the expression and content of which in blood serum were noted in patients with this form of neoplasms. Thus, after a comprehensive review using the latest information search databases, it was found that in the modern scientific literature, the authors determine the association of micro-RNA generation activity and the development of cholangiopathies, namely: biliary atresia, polycystic liver disease, cholangiocarcinoma.
Orality and Media Life: Cultural Continuity of the Puroiks of Arunachal Pradesh
Authors: Taba Prem
Published: September 2023

Abstract: Orality, the foundational mode of human communication pre-dating written language, is at the core of this research paper. Within the specific cultural context of the Puroik tribe in Arunachal Pradesh, India, this study examines the essential role of orality as a key element of their cultural continuity. By investigating how orality shapes gender dynamics, religious practices, ceremonial rituals, and sociocultural norms among the Puroik people, this research highlights the enduring significance of spoken traditions in an increasingly digital age. Drawing on concepts such as oral culture and cultural determinism in media, this paper sheds light on how orality not only preserves but also conveys the cultural identity of the Puroik tribe.
Predicting Relationship Between Traffic Accidents with Related Injuries
Authors: G Nithish , Vaishnavi
Published: September 2023

Abstract: Traffic collisions are one of the world's 14 most crucial issues right now since they cause countless fatalities, severe injuries, and financial losses every year. The difficulty of creating accurate forecasting models, Traffic accident severity is important for transportation networks. This study creates models to choose a number of important features and build a model for classifying injury severity. These models are produced utilizing various Machine Learning techniques. The data on traffic accidents, trained and methods for unsupervised machine learning are also used. The primary aim is to draw a connection between the many kinds of injuries and traffic accident types. The study's conclusions imply that unsupervised learning methods may be effective in predicting the severity of harm from traffic accidents.
Investigating the Impact of pH Levels on Water Quality: An Experimental Approach
Authors: Dewangan Shailesh Kumar , Toppo Diksha Neha , Kujur Anuranjan
Published: September 2023

Abstract: Water quality is a critical aspect of environmental health and human well-being. pH, as a fundamental parameter, plays a significant role in determining the chemical characteristics of water. This experimental study aims to investigate the impact of pH levels on water quality. The research involved collecting water samples from various sources and subjecting them to controlled pH variations in a laboratory setting. Multiple parameters, including dissolved oxygen, nutrient availability, microbial activity, heavy metal contamination, algal blooms, turbidity, and ecological health, were assessed to evaluate the effects of pH on water quality. The results revealed that pH fluctuations had a substantial influence on these parameters, indicating a direct relationship between pH levels and water quality. The study findings contribute to the understanding of the complex interactions between pH and water quality, providing valuable insights for water resource management and environmental conservation efforts. Further research is warranted to explore additional factors that may influence the relationship between pH and water quality and to develop sustainable strategies for maintaining optimal pH levels to ensure safe and healthy water resources. I have mainly focus in this research paper the effect of pH and TDS in deferent temperature of deferent water sample.
Innovation in Reading Skills Assessment in Arabic Textbooks Based on HOTS Assessment
Authors: Amila Sholiha  , R Umi Baroroh  , Razita binti Abdullah
Published: September 2023

The purpose of this scientific study was to analyse the HOTS-based test for assessment of reading skills and innovation in the Arabic textbook for grade XI published by the Ministry of Religious Affairs in 2020. This research used library research. The primary data source comes from an Arabic textbook, and the secondary data source comes from relevant research. The results of this study indicate that some of the assessments used in the grade XI Arabic textbook published by the Ministry of Religious Affairs have implemented tests at the HOTS cognitive level. In the textbook, there are 8 test items that fall into the realm of HOTS, containing 3 main test instruments, the rest of which only get repeated in the next chapter. This shows that there are still limited test instruments that contain the HOTS cognitive domains used in the textbook. In this study, there are 10 test instruments that contain the HOTS cognitive domain. Of the 10 test instruments given, there are 7 new ones, namely: finding the main idea, finding the message, finding the title, analysing relevant information, evaluating ideas, assessing the author's impression, and providing new ideas from the reading text. The innovation of this test instrument is explained with an overview of the implementation of each test instrument that contains the HOTS cognitive domain so that it can be understood and used for the development of Arabic reading skills test instruments.
VOLEYBOLCULARIN TAKIM BİRLİKTELİĞİ DÜZEYLERİNİN BAZI DEĞİŞKENLERE GÖRE İNCELENMESİ
Authors: ATEŞ Nurdan
Published: September 2023

Bu çalışma voleybolcuların takım birlikteliği düzeylerinin bazı değişkenler açısından incelenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çalışmada araştırmacı tarafından hazırlanan, katılımcıların cinsiyet, yaş, lig kategorisi ve millilik durumu ile ilgili veri toplamak amacıyla kişisel bilgi formu ve Moralı (1994) tarafından Türk popülasyonuna uyarlanan Takım Birlikteliği (The Measurement of Colesion in Sport Team) envanteri kullanılmıştır. Araştırma grubunu 111 kadın, 110 erkek olmak üzere toplam 221 voleybolcu oluşturmaktadır. Ölçek ve kişisel bilgi formu, amaçlı örnekleme yöntemi kullanılarak çalışmaya katılan voleybolculara çevrim içi yöntem ile uygulanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda elde edilen veriler SPSS.22 paket programında analiz edildi. Verilerin analizi işleminde betimleyici istatistikler, ikili grup karşılaştırmalarında bağımsız gruplar için t testi, çoklu grupları karşılaştırmada tek yönlü varyans analizi ANOVA testi uygulandı. Sonuçların yorumlanmasında 0,05 anlamlılık düzeyi ele alınmıştır. Çalışmaya katılan voleybolcuların cinsiyet ve yaş değişkenine göre takım birlikteliği düzeylerinde anlamlı farklılık tespit edilemezken lig kategorisi ve millilik değişkenine göre anlamlı farklılık tespit edilmiştir. Araştırmaya katılan voleybolcuların takım birlikteliği düzeyleri iyi seviyede olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
PHYSICAL EDUCATION OF STUDENTS WITH ORTHOPEDIC DISABILITIES AND THE EVALUATION OF EXPENDITURES ON THESE STUDENTS
Authors: KORKMAZ Murat , YÜCEL Ali Serdar
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Physical education of students with orthopedic disabilities includes a special program aimed at improving their physical and motor skills. This program takes into account the individual needs and abilities of students while encouraging their participation in physical activities. Physical education of students with orthopedic disabilities is usually guided by a specialist physiotherapist, sports trainer or special educator. The program is customized taking into account the student's current situation and the type of disability. The physical education program includes various exercises to increase the student's mobility, improve balance and coordination skills, and increase muscle strength and flexibility. A variety of activities may take place, such as physical therapy sessions, muscle strengthening exercises, balance exercises, stretching and sports activities. In addition, suitable sports and games for students with orthopedic disabilities also play an important role. This helps students develop their teamwork, competitive and social skills. Some sports that students can participate in include wheelchair basketball, paralympic swimming, wheelchair tennis and athletics. Technological tools are also used in physical education. Special equipment such as prostheses, wheelchairs or walking devices support students' participation in physical activities. Method and Analysis: Panel data analysis was used in this study. Frequency, regression and statistical mean were used in the analysis. Conclusion: Physical education of students with orthopedic disabilities is important in terms of improving their physical and motor skills. It seems to be an important program to encourage participation in physical activities and increase their self-confidence. By adopting an approach tailored to their individual needs, these students should be supported to lead a healthy life and maximize their physical potential. For this reason, providing the expenditure expenses of the students in need of orthopedic and physical education by the public will support the achievement of effective results on participation and success.
Relative Age Effect in Turkish Women Football
Authors: BAYARSLAN Bahadır , ÖZSOY Damla , DOKUZOĞLU Gökhan
Published: September 2023

In this study, it was aimed to examine the relative age effect of female football players playing in the Turkish Women's Super League and 1st League teams in the 2022-2023 Season. Working group; while the female football players playing licensed in the women's football leagues affiliated to the Turkish Football Federation constitute the sample, the players in the Women's Football Super League and the 1st League teams constitute the sample. While determining the sample, the density sampling method was preferred. Density sampling is generally used by studies involving the heuristic approach. The heuristic approach is accepted as the only research approach that enables individuals to establish subjective and creative relationships between the person researching their experiences and the facts. In the model of the research; The "Basic Qualitative Research" technique, the "Document Analysis" method in the data collection tool and the Miles-Huberman analysis method, which is a descriptive analysis method, were used in the analysis. This study was conducted by considering female football players of different skill levels and chronological ages. The aim of the study was to compare the birth date of female football players. In the findings part of the study; Birth dates of 1552 female football players were revealed. It was determined that 863 female football players were born in the first six months of the year and 689 female football players were born in the last six months of the year. In conclusion; It has been observed that the players of the teams in the 2022-2023 Women's Football Super League and the 1st League are affected by the relative age effect.
ACCORDING TO THE PERCEPTIONS OF WRESTLING ATHLETES, THE RELATIONSHIP OF THE UNETHICAL BEHAVIOR OF THE COACH WITH THE MENTAL TOUGHNESS OF THE ATHLETE
Authors: GÜÇLÜ Mehmet , SAĞ Samet
Published: September 2023

The aim of this research is to determine the relationship of the unethical behavior of the trainer with the mental endurance of the athlete according to the perceptions of wrestling athletes. In the study, the Personal Information Form created by the researchers, the Athlete Perception Scale Related to Unethical Behavior of the Coach developed by Güven ve Öncü (2012) and the Mental Endurance Inventory developed by Sheard, Golby and Van Wersch (2009) and adapted to Turkish by Altıntaş (2015) were used as data collection tools to learn some demographic information of the participants. Descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), tukey multiple comparison, Pearson correlation tests were used in the analysis of the data. As a result of the findings obtained, while there was no significant difference in terms of gender variable of unethical behavior of coaches and mental toughness of athletes according to the perceptions of athletes, there was a meaningful difference in terms of marital status variable of athletes. According to the perceptions of athletes, unethical behavior of coaches; while notable differences were observed when the athlete's age, education level, parents' education level were evaluated in terms of sports year variables, mental toughness of athletes was not remarkably dissimlar when the athlete's age, education level, parents' education level were evaluated in terms of sports year variables. According to the result of the correlation analysis between the Athlete Perception Scale Related to the Unethical Behavior of the Coach and the Mental Toughness Inventory in Sports, it can be explained that there is a midlevel relationship negatively. As a result, it can be stated that the mental toughness of the athlete increases as the unethical behavior of the coaches decreases.
El outro y otros textos
Authors: López Velasco Sirio
Published: September 2023

Este libro recoge en su primera parte un extenso relato de política-ficción relativo a la historia reciente del Uruguay. Y en su segunda parte incluye otros cinco relatos; los dos primeros de los mismos son de ficción-realidad y están dedicados, respectivamente, a una supuesta pariente del autor (Isabel de Velasco, una de las figuras centrales del cuadro “Las Meninas” de Velázquez), y el otro al viaje que los abuelos maternos del autor emprendieron desde España hasta Brasil para fijar su residencia definitiva en Uruguay. Los dos relatos siguientes, consagrados a los abuelos paternos y a los padres del autor son testimoniales (con las salvedades propias de las omisiones y errores que el arte del resumen y la edad avanzada imponen a nuestros sentimientos y memoria). Y por último hay un breve cuento celta escrito a cuatro manos con la hija del autor (Carolina).
o reconhecimento da experiência estética como direito à cidade
Authors: Erna Wehmann Hulda
Published: September 2023

A discussão aqui apresentada se dá a partir dos resultados de pesquisa sobre a experiência da cidade enquanto paisagem habitada, os quais sugerem a necessidade do debate do direito à paisagem como elemento essencial do direito à cidade. Partindo da reflexão sobre as relações entre cidade e paisagem, o livro conduz a discussão sobre o próprio conceito de paisagem, construído por diálogos com moradores de comunidades e favelas em Fortaleza-CE, onde discutiu-se sobre o conceito de paisagem habitada, como experiência fundamental de ser registrada e incluída no pensar a cidade como espaço de habitação humana
Afetos sinceros: a recepção da obra de João Anzanello Carrascoza no contexto da pandemia
Authors: Ferreira Leal Luciana
Published: September 2023

Como formar leitores? Como assegurar o direito à literatura? Este livro contribui para responder a essas inquietações. Aqui estão reunidas algumas experiências leitoras: diferentes sujeitos interagindo e se constituindo como leitores a partir das narrativas de Carrascoza. A obra do autor é a mola propulsora para a abertura de um espaço de possibilidades de interação entre leitores, no texto e através dele. Aqui a leitura é tratada como prática social, diferentes práticas de leitura são realizadas nos diferentes espaços sociais nos quais os diferentes indivíduos circulam. Leitores com distintas experiências, de diversos locais se (re)unindo por meio da literatura, constituindo assim uma verdadeira comunidade de leitores. Esses encontros acontecem a partir de situações privilegiadas, previamente planejadas, de leitura em voz alta pelo professor, de leitura colaborativa, de leitura programada e até a proposta de um clube virtual de leitura com sujeitos geograficamente distantes, mas que são unidos pelo texto escrito, mobilizados pelo processo de construção e reconstrução dos sentidos e pela fruição estética das narrativas de Carrascoza. Além disso, o leitor deste livro terá a oportunidade de se aproximar e conhecer ainda mais sobre a produção literária de Carrascoza. Diria Candido (1995), a literatura “humaniza em sentido profundo, porque faz viver”, é isso: este livro tem vida!
Direito & comunicação: aspectos teóricos de inter-relacionamento
Authors: Benavinuto Albuquerque e Gama Giliarde
Published: September 2023

O caminho percorrido pela comunicação e pelo direito se entrelaçam a todo tempo na história da humanidade, isso é o que se constata quando lançamos olhar sobre a conquista da liberdade humana de pensamento, de comunicação e de expressão, bem como elementos outros que dizem muito da comunicação enquanto direito humano para as sociedades da atualidade, que confirmam o direito à informação e, finalmente, garantem-lhe fecundidade por meio da liberdade de imprensa. Pode-se entender melhor a liberdade comunicacional enquanto direito humano a partir de momentos históricos de real expressão que a legitimam.
Direitos humanos e democracia: história, teoria e crítica (ensaios) - Volume 1
Authors: da Silva Luciano , Guimarães Rubens , Fragoso Williard
Published: September 2023

O Professor Giuseppe Tosi completou 70 anos em 2021, e a marca desse evento é a compreensão do caminho feito por ele na Filosofia e nos Direitos Humanos. Esse italiano, brasileiro de alma, trouxe para uma geração de estudantes de Filosofia Política e dos Direitos Humanos, o espírito contestador e provocador, com voz pacífica e pacificadora. A honestidade intelectual, o espírito aberto para o mundo contemporâneo, a paixão pelo debate franco das ideias, são marcas do Professor Tosi, movido por uma fé inabalável no humano, demostrada na capacidade de diálogo, mesmo com ideias diametralmente opostas às suas. O contexto histórico em que vivemos é apavorante: a crise ecológica que ameaça a sobrevivência da humanidade, e provoca as ondas migratórias de milhões de pessoas, as guerras espalhadas em todas as partes do mundo, e agora também na Europa que havia vivido um relativo período de paz, guerras que estão levando os Estados a um aumento do armamentismo com consequências imprevisíveis, sem esquecer a pandemia que vitimou dezenas de milhões de pessoas e que não acabou. Diante destes desafios enormes que ameaçam a sobrevivência da humanidade é preciso multiplicar os esforços antes que seja tarde demais!. Para comemorar essa data, nada mais lógico do que organizarmos, em sua homenagem, um livro com artigos escritos por aqueles que de alguma forma participaram, seja como alunos, seja como colegas, desta caminhada em defesa da Democracia e dos Direitos Humanos.
Direitos humanos e democracia: história, teoria e crítica (ensaios) - Volume 2
Authors: Tosi Giuseppe
Published: September 2023

Estão aqui reunidos ensaios publicados nos últimos anos, em várias revistas, organizados por uma ordem que vai do geral ao particular. A primeira parte é composta por três ensaios sobre a teoria e a história dos direitos humanos, através de um debate sobre as críticas de direita (Edmund Burke e Michel Villey) e de esquerda (Marx e os marxismos). Críticas que são debatidas por Bryan Tierney na sua resposta a Michel Villey e por Bobbio na sua resposta ao marxismo. Entre os autores que dão continuidade ao legado de Marx, apresentamos o pensamento de Giorgio Agamben, Slavoj Žižek e Costas Douzinas. Esta parte se conclui com um “manifesto” em defesa dos direitos humanos escrito em parceria com o prof. Gilmar Bedin, da Unijui, em resposta aos ataques do candidato Jair Bolsonaro durante a campanha eleitoral de 2018 que o levará à presidência da República. A segunda parte reúne três ensaios que definem três tipos de democracia (representativa/elitista, plebiscitária e participativa) e três tipos de liberalismo (político, econômico e social) e as suas relações possíveis na procura do “melhor governo” segundo Bobbio. Esta segunda parte se encerra com um longo ensaio dedicado à crítica de Karl Löwith e Hannah Arendt ao conceito de revolução, tanto na concepção liberal-burguesa, como na versão marxista. A terceira parte procura utilizar as ferramentas conceituais das teorias expostas para entender a realidade brasileira atual. Os dois primeiros ensaios analisam as falhas das políticas de transição da ditadura para a democracia e a suas consequências sobre a “qualidade” da democracia, mostrando os limites estruturais do processo de democratização brasileira após o fim da ditadura. Os últimos dois ensaios estudam a crise do liberalismo político e a ascensão do liberalismo econômico e do populismo autoritário implantados no Brasil após o golpe institucional que provocou a queda da presidenta Dilma e retirou Lula da corrida presidencial abrindo o caminho para o governo de extrema direita de Bolsonaro, que produziu consequências gravíssimas sobre o processo democrático.
Direitos humanos e da democracia: história, teoria e crítica (ensaios) - Volume 3
Authors: Tosi. Giuseppe
Published: September 2023

O livro que agora apresentamos é o último de uma trilogia dedicada aos Direitos Humanos e à Democracia. Estão aqui reunidas as aulas que ministrei no Programa de Pós-graduação em Direitos Humanos e em Filosofia da UFPB nos últimos 10 anos. Os direitos humanos são abordados do ponto de vista histórico, de uma história mais conceitual que social, procurando manter uma postura crítica, que evite uma visão eurocêntrica e anacrônica. A tese central que defendemos é que há uma diferença entre a origem e a validade dos direitos humanos: nascidos na modernidade com as revoluções burguesas, foram reapropriados por outras classes sociais e contextos históricos e culturais, e por isso, podem pretender uma validade que vai além das fronteiras e das épocas: não uma universalidade dogmática e uniforme, mas múltipla e contraditória. É com esse olhar que apresentamos os direitos humanos e a democracia nos diferentes contextos histórico e sociais, defendendo a tese de que os direitos humanos seriam uma “secularização” do cristianismo: são modernos, mas suas raízes teológicas afundam nos tempos remotos: há rupturas, mas também continuidades. Nesta perspectiva, são estudados o jusnaturalismo antigo, medieval e moderno, até a contemporaneidade. São abordadas as principais teorias políticas (socialismo-comunismo, fascismo-nazismo, liberalismos e cristianismo social) que fundamentam os direitos humanos, e os limites e as contradições que promovem uma crise atual da democracia nas suas várias formas, e uma descrédito dos direitos humanos diante da sua ineficácia histórica e incapacidade atual de responder aos graves problemas que a humanidade enfrenta. Por isso, estão surgindo sempre mais críticas radicais aos direitos humanos e à democracia “ocidental”, sobretudo pela extrema direita, que propõem de ir “contra” ou “além” dos direitos humanos e da democracia, elaborando modelos antagônicos, de cunho autoritário e tradicionalistas, diante do que definem como “a decadência do Ocidente”. Apesar de reconhecer a validade de muitas dessas críticas não vemos no horizonte alternativas melhores e consideramos que o legado dos direitos humanos, e da democracia continuam como uma herança preciosa do Ocidente e de outras culturas para enfrentar os enormes problemas do nosso tempo: a crise ecológica, as migrações, o armamentismo, as desigualdades sociais, o crescimento da fome e das doenças epidêmicas. Como afirma Luigi Ferrajoli, a humanidade se encontra numa encruzilhada: ou encontra uma forma de Governance que ponha limites à soberania absoluta dos Estados, ou estaremos (e já estamos) caminhando para a catástrofe. Os Estados soberanos, como já viam os redatores do Manifesto de Ventotene em 1942, não somente não são capazes de resolver os problemas que ultrapassam as próprias fronteiras, mas são um fator permanente de instabilidade e de competição não somente política, ideológica e econômica, mas também e sobretudo militar com consequências imprevisíveis... que incluem o retorno da ameaça atômica!
Cacao Oro
Authors: Brenes Esteban R. , Martinez Octavio , Lopez Maria Fernanda , Ciravegna Luciano , Pichardo Caleb A.
Published: September 2023

In November 2018, John Warrington, CEO of Cacao Oro de Nicaragua, was about to share a recommendation that would surely change the company’s future. Over the last few weeks, John had engaged in analyzing the evolution of the company and the implications for its future. As a result, he felt the need to formulate a competitive strategy to guide the expansion in the next few years. He identified four market options: first, to focus on bulk cocoa, with commodity prices and high-volume transactions; second, to specialize in fine or flavor cocoa, with high price premiums and low-volume transactions; third, to focus on certified bulk cocoa, with small price premiums and high-volume transactions; and, finally, to develop a “mixed” strategy with a combination of the three previous options. A few years earlier, plans were underway to develop 10 000 ha of cocoa in Nicaragua to become the world’s largest cocoa producer. To start the venture, the first effort was to restore a 3000-ha farm in Rosita, a region on the Atlantic coast of Nicaragua, damaged by Hurricane Félix in 2008. In 2014, Cacao was born with restoration works to enable 2000 ha for cocoa cultivation. The first harvest in 2017 confirmed that the project was on the right track. And John thought that the time was ripe to reflect on the company’s future strategy.

The Teaching Note to this article can be accessed at 10.6084/m9.figshare.23500566.
Cheese without cows: Consumer demand for animal-free dairy cheese made from cellular agriculture in the United Kingdom
Authors: Slade Peter , Zollman Thomas Oscar
Published: September 2023

We examine consumer demand for animal-free dairy cheese produced using cellular agriculture. Our data is generated through a hypothetical choice experiment completed by 1249 UK residents. Using a mixed logit model, we predict that animal-free dairy cheese would have a conditional market share of 22% when priced at a 25% markup relative to premium conventional cheese. However, the market share is quite sensitive to price: only 2% of consumers would purchase animal-free dairy cheese if it were twice the price of premium conventional cheese. Three-quarters of consumers who purchase animal-free dairy cheese would have purchased conventional dairy cheese if animal-free dairy cheese were unavailable. We use our experimental results to examine the impact of higher conventional dairy cheese prices, such as those that might result from a tax on livestock products. We find that the introduction of animal-free dairy cheese reduces consumer losses from higher conventional dairy prices by about 20%.