bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Muslim pilgrimage as education by experience
Authors: Hedin Christer
Published: August 2018

In Christian tradition, pilgrimage is connected with hardship and sacrifice. It has been used as a penance for penitents. The pilgrimage itself is a kind of sacrifice. The Muslim pilgrimage is different. The atmosphere is serious, but full of confidence. The pilgrimage strengthens faith through the spirit of community with millions of other Muslims, who share the same faith. In that respect it resembles the mass meetings of revivalist Christianity.The pilgrimage means that Muslims are brought together in action, walking, running, praying, throwing pebbles, slaughtering and, most importantly, standing for half a day in the desert. All these experiences are used for education through experience. The pilgrimage is an opportunity to educate the Muslims in religious matters. It is a typical example of ‘learning by doing’. This article elaborates the content of this education as it is performed today. The purpose is twofold: to show how well the pilgrimage is fit for education and to investigate how this opportunity is utilized today. The account is built on contemporary theological literature about Islam. Most of the works are introductions to Islam, written by well-known and esteemed scholars. They are meant to give elementary information about Muslim life. The purpose is not to decide what is right or wrong in the performance, or in the interpretation of the rituals. The purpose is to describe what is taught by the religious leaders today. They seem to regard some traditions as dubious, as they might be perceived as superstitious. They might also have been accused of this by Western scholars. That does not mean that they are superstitious. This article submits a discussion and an analysis of a trend in contemporary Islam.
Changing features of the concept of pilgrimage: the example of the Mevlana's museum in Konya
Authors: Hosta Nilay , Limon Birsen
Published: August 2018

Mevlana Celaleddin Rumi was a philosopher who influenced our era with his ‘humanist’ thoughts, his invitation towards everybody to friendship and brotherhood and his ideas about love and humanism. The museum, opened in his name in 1926 in Konya, Turkey, has been converted into a special place, describing Mevlevi’s way of life, telling the history of the Mevlana Dervish lodge and exhibiting related works with religious historical values. This important Museum, attracting many visitors from all over the world, including Turkey, represents unique examples both in architecture and genuine works of arts from Seljuk and the Ottoman period.Today faith tourism, emerging as a business sector, due to the increasing number of travelling people everyday, fulfils the space of the religious obligations related to travelling and also shows itself in religious aspects, not only pertaining to the major dimensions of a religion, but also by affecting all other religion-related rituals. The Mevlana Museum has become one of the places affected by the faith tourism. It has turned into an economic resource and become an important place for advertising Turkey, having visitors any time of year.
Dracula tourism as pilgrimage?
Authors: Hovi Tuomas
Published: August 2018

This article is about Dracula tourism in Romania and how it may be seen as pilgrimage. The author approaches this connection especially through the place myth of Transylvania and through the status Transylvania has in Western popular culture. The subject is approached purely from a ‘Western’ point of view, that is, in this article Romania, although a member of the EU and NATO, is treated not as part of the West but part of the East. This is due to the fact that in Western popular culture Romania and especially Transylvania have always been portrayed as the Other in relation to the West. Western popular culture plays a significant role in Dracula tourism.
Embracing complexity: the post-secular pilgrimage of Eric-Emmanuel Schmitt
Authors: Illman Ruth
Published: August 2018

This article deals with the phenomenon of pilgrimage as a personal transformative process; an exploration of spiritual space rather than a journey undertaken to a physical place. The analysis focuses on the life story and authorship of the novelist and playwright Eric-Emmanuel Schmitt (b. 1960). Schmitt began his career as an academic philosopher specialised in enlightenment rationality. A mystical experience in the deserts of Sahara, however, opened his eyes to the spiritual dimensions of reality and encouraged him to redirect his professional strivings from academic writing to fiction. Today, Schmitt has reached a world-wide audience with his plays and novels on interreligious dialogue, especially the series of five short novellas called Le cycle d’Invisible. These narratives all deal with inter-religious encounters in a complex and compassionate way as Schmitt is particularly concerned with preserving the mystery of the situations he describes. The atheist conviction of his previous life has thus given way to an agnostic and mystically inspired world view focusing on diversity, divinity and inexplicability: “I am obsessed with complexity”, as he puts it himself. The presentation is based on ethnographic material, and key themes to be addressed include pilgrimage as a spiritual journey, interreligious encounters and mystical experiences.
Defiled and deified: profane and sacred bodies in Caitanya Vaisnava theology
Authors: Broo Måns
Published: August 2018

It is well known that there is no dearth of stereotypes when it comes to religion and the body. Christianity is a body-negative religion, Judaism is body-positive, ascetic practices automatically lead to a negative view of the body, and Eastern religions are more positive towards the body than Christianity. Such truisms are of little value. Still, they are voiced often enough to warrant occasional replies. In this article one instance is highlighted, from within the Hindu tradition, that offers an interesting take on how the conception of the body may vary greatly within one and the same religious tradition. Caitanya Vaiṣṇavism, also known as Bengali or Gauḍīya Vaiṣṇavism, is the devotional movement of Kṛṣṇa-bhakti begun by Śrī Kṛṣṇa Caitanya (1486–1533) in Bengal, India. Kṛṣṇadāsa’s work may be used as an entrance into the theology of Caitanya Vaiṣṇavism. What, then, does Kṛṣṇadāsa have to say about the body? The body may be anything, from an obstacle to divine service, to its instrument, both in this life and the next. It is also an object of worship—in fact, by far most of the instances of words in Sanskrit or Bengali indicating body in the texts of Kṛṣṇadāsa refer to the forms of Caitanya and Rādhā and Kṛṣṇa, that are described with loving, painstaking detail. The differences between these types of bodies may or may not be apparent to an outsider, and indeed, the body need not be physical at all. This example from the Hindu tradition, highlights some of the complexities inherent in terms such as ‘the body’, or ‘body-negative spirituality’.
The body in wellbeing spirituality: self, spirit beings and the politics of difference
Authors: Johnston Jay
Published: August 2018

New religious movements of the nineteenth century—notably the Theo­sophical Society and Spiritualism—endowed western culture with an energetic concept of the self: that is, with a model of the body that proposed the individual to be constituted by a ‘spiritual’ or subtle substance. This model of the body—the subtle body—was not new to western esoteric traditions, however, its presentation at this time melded with subtle body schemes from Hindu traditions (primarily Yoga traditions) and provided the groundwork for the popularisation of a concept of the body and self as being comprised of an energetic anatomy. This model of the self has continued unabated into contemporary consumer culture and underpins the vast majority of mind–body concepts in Complementary and Alternative Medical (CAM) practices. This article is concerned with the subtle body models currently found in Wellbeing Spirituality healing modalities. In particular, it considers their ontological and metaphysical propositions with regard to an ethics of difference: both energetic and cultural. Therefore, two distinct types of discourse will be examined and discussed: that of popular culture and that of Continental philosophy (especially feminist and poststructural). Both provide methods for understanding the enduring popularity of subtle body concepts of the self and the challenging ethical relations that the model presupposes.
Islam and tattooing: an old question, a new research topic
Authors: Larsson Göran
Published: August 2018

Most Muslim theologians have argued on the basis of the ḥadīth-literature that tattooing is ḥarām (forbidden), but it is nonetheless possible to find both historical and contemporary examples indicating that, at different times and in different places, this art was practiced by certain Islamic groups. With specific reference to washm,or tattooing, it has been well documented that certain Muslim groups (e.g., the Berbers and the Bedouins) in places such as Africa, Syria, Saudi Arabia, Iran and West Pakistan have used tattoos for beautification, prophylaxis and the prevention of disease. Among Islam’s lay populations, tattooing has been considered significant as a healing practice for a very long time despite the formal opinions of Islamic scholars and theologians. And while in more recent times these Muslim groups appear to have abandoned past notions about the function of tattoos, which had caused a certain waning of the practice, of late it has had a resurgence—although for reasons that differ from those of distant times. The rise of interest in tattoos among Muslims has been directly observed by a handful of contemporary researchers, and is indirectly indicated by the fact that many contemporary Muslim authorities have expressed growing concern about the practice.This development has been further spurred on by the fact that many Muslims are actively seeking advice and clarification about where Islam stands on the matter of tattoos. The aim of of this article is to sketch the background of the more formal theological discussion on tattooing (especially in the ḥadīth-literature). It also aims to examine a number of contemporary religious texts that specifically deal with Muslim theological opinions about this practice: what is considered to be the problem; and what types of arguments are employed by the selected theologians in their attempts to provide answers. Is it possible to see the renewed interest in tattoos as an example of the fact that there is a gap between theory (what the theologians say) and practice (what the believers actually do)?
Women with shaved heads: western Buddhist nuns and Haredi Jewish wives: polysemy, universalism and misinterpretations of hair symbolism in pluralistic societies
Authors: Niculescu Mira
Published: August 2018

This article focuses on female hair, or rather the absence of hair: it compares the symbols attached to shaved heads for Western Buddhist nuns and for Jewish married women from various Haredi or ‘ultra-orthodox’ groups, and the (mainly negative) representations of these in the external, secular society.The comparison is based on fieldwork research undertaken by the author. When interviewing Western nuns of Jewish origin, it appeared that their shaved heads had been very difficult to cope with for their families, to whom it was a reminder of the Holocaust. The same body treatment can thus represent, on one side, bliss (for the Buddhist nun for whom it is a symbol of libertation and spiritual engagement), and on the other side, horror (for her family and sometimes, out of a Buddhist context, society). Also, the same body treatment can be used to express celibacy for the Buddhist nun, or marriage for the Haredi, or ultra-orthodox woman. Therefore the meaning of head shaving seems to be fluctuating and contextual: it can mean either­ religious commitment, or punishment, or disease.
Spiritual and religious aspects of torture and scalping among the Indian cultures in Eastern North America, from ancient to colonial times
Authors: Hiltunen Juha
Published: August 2018

Only a few decades ago a common perception prevailed that the historic­al Native Americans were very prone to violence and warfare. Scalping and torture were seen as a specific custom attached into their ideology and sociocultural ethos. However in the 1960s a completely reversed picture started to emerge, following the course of other worldwide movements, such as ethnic rights, pan-Indianism, ecological conscience, revisionist historiography and so on. Immediately the Native American people came to be seen as the victims of the European colonialism and the Whites were the bad guys who massacred innocent women and children, either at Sand Creek or in Vietnam. Books were written in which the historians pointed out that the practice of scalping was actually not present in the Americas before the whites came. This theory drew sustenance from some early colonial accounts, especially from the Dutch and New England colonies, where it was documented that a special bounty was offered for Indian scalps. According to this idea, the practice of scalping among the Indians escalated only after this. On the other hand, the blame fell on the Iroquois tribesmen, whose cruel fighting spread terror throughout the seventeenth century, when they expanded an empire in the north eastern wilderness. This accords with those theorists who wanted to maintain a more balanced view of the diffusion of scalping and torture, agreeing that these traits were indeed present in Pre-Columbian America, but limited only to the Iroquoians of the east. Colonial American history has been rewritten every now and then. In the 1980s, and in the field of archaeology especially, a completely new set of insights have arisen. There has been a secondary burial of the myth of Noble Savage and a return of the old Wild Indian idea, but this time stripped of its cartoon stereo­typical attachments. The Indians are now seen as being like any other human beings, with their usual mixture of vices and virtues. Understanding this, one may approach such a topic as scalping and torture without more bias than when reading of any practice of atrocities in human history.
A pure mind and a healthy body: an Islamic perspective
Authors: Björkman Nina
Published: August 2018

In today’s Egypt we see the Muslim Brotherhood supporting hospitals, healthcare centres and other charities, but where does this focus on promoting good health and providing the necessary services stem from? Why do movements such as the Muslim Brotherhood engage in charitable activities to the extent that they do? Is it just a question of doing good for others, or are there other reasons? The purpose of this article is to look at some of the factors behind a trend within the Muslim Brotherhood, which is characterised by seeing the connection between a healthy body and a pure soul as being something vital for a practising Muslim.
Clinical services instead of sermons
Authors: Hovi Tuija
Published: August 2018

Today, we are facing the decline of institutional religion. In Finland, the decrease in membership of the mainstream Evangelical Lutheran Church has been unusually rapid over the past few years, but, at the same time, the variety of religious supply has significantly increased. In addition to non-Christian spiritual and religious alternatives, innumerable lay movements, functions and practices are also offering their services within the Christian field, both in non-denominational circles and in those more or less linked to the mainstream church. The changes that occur in the religious field in Finland take place largely within the Christian cultural field. In addition to the obvious organisational changes taking place in the religious landscape of Finland, there is a certain fragmentation of contemporary religious attitudes. Such changes have been identified throughout the Western world—conventional definitions of ‘believing’ and ‘belonging’ do not seem to fit anything properly anymore. Furthermore, ‘practising’ and ‘participating’ as dynamic aspects of religiosity make the general view even more nuanced. An example of religious involvement within this frame is a Christian intercessory prayer service called the Healing Rooms. It is a religious practice that is attempting to accommodate the contemporary situation of post-secular Finland, and simultaneously advocating its traditional mission of evangelicism.
Facing suffering and death: alternative therapy as post-secular religious practice
Authors: Kalvig Anne
Published: August 2018

The idea of religious practice being ‘post-secular’ raises questions concerning secularisation, sacralisation and the various meanings of the prefix ‘post’. This paper investigates a kind of practice that is ever increasing in late modern, Western societies and elsewhere; namely, the practice of alternative therapy and the conceptualisations and world-views pertaining to it. The focus is on the themes of suffering and death in relation to alternative spirituality and therapy. Some answers are given to the following questions: is alternative therapy a kind of post-secular religious practice? If so, what kinds of answers or consolations does alternative therapy offer in the face of suffering and death? How do possible ‘alternative theodicies’ relate to holism as a paradigmatic principle? To what extent does, for example, ‘reincarnationism’ seem to function as explanatory model regarding suffering, evil and death?
The epidemiology of lost meaning: a study in the psychology of religion and existential public health
Authors: Melder Cecilia
Published: August 2018

The existential dimension of spirituality has proven to be of great importance over the last two decades when it comes to studies of self-rated health and quality of life. We see the positive effects it has on blood pressure, depression and life expectancy for chemotherapy and HIV patients, to mention just a few examples. In the public health sector, it is interesting to note that this existential/spiritual dimension had already been present in the early years when the term public health first came into the Swedish language. In the year 1926 public health was defined as ‘a people’s physical and spiritual health’. During the intervening years of major medical and scientific technical improvements in the field, the existential/spiritual perspective had been put aside, but now once again this dimension has come into focus. The central question is, how does the existential dimension of health, understood as a person’s ability to create and maintain functional meaning making systems, affect the person’s self-rated health and quality of life? The working theories and basic perspectives in this article are drawn from health research with attention to the existential dimension, public health from the perspective of the psychology of religion, and object relations theory.
The enrichment of magical thinking through practices among Reiki self-healers
Authors: Pohjanheimo Outi
Published: August 2018

Reiki is an example of a spiritually based healing context, which offers an entry into the magical thinking through the ritual initiation. There are several practices like Reiki in the field of new spirituality. Their backgrounds are situated in a variety of religious traditions, although many religious ideas in the field are based on assimilation of ideas and practices familiar in Eastern religious traditions. Why is Reiki so particularly famous in the field? It would seem that Reiki is very flexible and easily integrated to other practices. One factor which explains the popularity of Reiki has to do with healing. Healing, as well as illness and sickness, involving pain and relief from pain, are universal experiences felt by everyone. Complementary and alternative ways of healing are as popular among ordinary folk now as they have been throughout the history of medicine. Even medical nursing staff participate in Reiki courses in their leisure time. One reason for the popularity might also be that Reiki courses are open to everybody. Everybody can learn to heal. After initiation, participants are promised, and believed, to be rewarded for the ability to heal themselves and those near to them with the help of cosmic energy.The focus of this article is the enrichment of magical thinking among Reiki self-healers.The term ‘enrichment’ refers to an observable thickness (or density) of spontaneous reasoning going along lines of magical trains of thought. This includes, for example, assumptions of agency and magical contagion.
Devotional fitness: aspects of a contemporary religious system
Authors: Radermacher Martin
Published: August 2018

The aim of this paper is to describe some more or less representative groups within the area of devotional fitness in the USA, to compare their ideas­ to those held in Christian congregations in Germany and to extract some of the most important features of these movements. The descriptive section, ‘Examples of fitness in US evangelicalism’, will have a short look at three of these movements and then examine one of them more thoroughly, namely, the concept of ‘Shaped by Faith’. The next part of the descriptive section (‘Aspects of religion and fitness in Germany’) will look into the connections between sports and religion in Christian congregations in Germany. In the third section, some of the historical trajec­tories which have influenced contemporary body ideals in both ‘religious’ and ‘secular’ contexts in the United States and Germany are briefly described. In the analytical section, the material is screened for striking similarities and recurring motifs and a preliminary definition of ‘devotional fitness’ is suggested. One particular feature of these currents, the blurring of genres, is dealt with more thoroughly in section ‘The blurring of genres in devotional fitness’. The article ends with some ideas as to how these concepts of devotional fitness could be researched within the analytical frame of cultural semiotics.
Editorial
Authors: Ahlbäck Tore
Published: August 2018

Editorial note of Scripta Instituti Donneriani Aboensis vol. 25, Digital Religion, based on papers read at the conference arranged by the Donner Institute for Research in Religious and Cultural History, Åbo Akademi University, Åbo/Turku, Finland, on 13–15 June 2012.
Television vampire fandom and religion
Authors: Blom Minja
Published: August 2018

Popular culture and fandom provide a setting where people can reflect on the questions of life. A television show defines for many of its fans what it means to be human. It also discusses the way things are, and the way they should, or could, be in our reality. In this article the author shows that tele­vision shows Buffy the Vampire Slayer, True Blood and the Vampire Diaries have made the same kind of impact on their fans. The fan writings of Buffy the Vampire Slayer, True Blood and the Vampire Diaries show that these popular texts, and the communities they have formed, have greatly affected the lives of fans. People have found on their TV screens stories they can get strength and hope from. The vampire shows deal with the supernatural – vampires, werewolves, and witches – and place them in our contemporary world as if they are a natural part of it. Television vampire stories revolve around topics of death, good and evil, and humanity. These stories have created massive fan communities and even life changing fan experiences. The reflections upon existential questions, and the way the shows have empowered fans, make this phenomenon important to study in the context of today’s religions reality.
Studying religious music at the grassroots level: a look into the discourse practices of Christian metal bands online
Authors: Jousmäki Henna
Published: August 2018

Religious issues are studied in various ways, most prominently by sociologists of religion. This paper suggests that in today’s world of globally intersecting webs of people, places, ideas and action, scholars and readers interested in religion will find themselves benefiting from cross-disciplinary approaches which help them to conceptualize and describe today’s phenomena at different levels. This paper describes how the emerging discipline of the sociology of language and religion may be applied to studying Christian metal bands’ discourse online. Although previous studies give a good idea of the structures, practices and tendencies in and related to Christian metal, little is reported on what happens at the very micro-level of Christian metal – for example, how they represent themselves to their audiences, what they sing about, and what else they say and, importantly, how they say it. To fill this gap, Christian metal bands’ online presence is examined with a particular interest in how the bands utilize online spaces to build up Christian metal identity and culture with the help of textual, discursive, and multimodal resources. This includes a look at the online self-representation of Christian metal bands, a more detailed investigation of the uses of the Bible on bands’ websites, as well as perspectives on an important part of Christian metal; namely the lyrics.
Hungry women: sin and rebellion through food and music in the early modern era
Authors: Filocamo Gioia
Published: August 2018

Longing for food has always had different implications for men and women: associated with power and strength for men, it tends to have a worrying proximity to sexual pleasure for women. Showing an interesting parallelism throughout the Cinquecento, Italian humanists and teachers insisted on forbidding women music and gluttony. Food and music were both considered dangerous stimulants for the female senses, and every woman was encouraged to consider herself as a kind of food to be offered to the only human beings authorized to feel and satisfy desires: men and babies. Women could properly express themselves only inside monastic circles: the most prolific female composer of the seventeenth century was a nun, as was the first woman who wrote down recipes. Elaborate music and food became the means to maintain a lively relationship with the external world. Moreover, nuns also escaped male control by using the opposite system of affirming themselves through fasting and mortifying the flesh.
Early modern Goa: Indian trade, transcultural medicine, and the Inquisition
Authors: Malieckal Bindu
Published: August 2018

Portugal’s introduction of the Inquisition to India in 1560 placed the lives of Jews, New Christians, and selected others labelled ‘heretics’, in peril. Two such victims were Garcia da Orta, a Portuguese New Christian with a thriving medical practice in Goa, and Gabriel Dellon, a French merchant and physician. In scholarship, Garcia da Orta and Gabriel Dellon’s texts are often examined separately within the contexts of Portuguese and French literature respectively and in terms of medicine and religion in the early modern period. Despite the similarities of their training and experiences, da Orta and Dellon have not previously been studied jointly, as is attempted in this article, which expands upon da Orta and Dellon’s roles in Portuguese India’s international commerce, especially the trade in spices, and the collaborations between Indian and European physicians. Thus, the connection between religion and food is not limited to food’s religious and religio-cultural roles. Food in terms of spices has been at the foundations of power for ethno-religious groups in India, and when agents became detached from the spice trade, their downfalls were imminent, as seen in the histories of Garcia da Orta and Gabriel Dellon.
The taste of trauma: reflections of ageing Shoah survivors on food and how they (re)inscribe it with meaning
Authors: Kasstan Ben
Published: August 2018

Drawing on ethnographic research in the UK’s only support facility for ageing Jewish Shoah survivors, this paper charts the ‘foodways’ in a Centre where satiety is experienced as an emotional as well as a physical need. How the experience of genocidal violence and displacement give rise to particular tastes of trauma is explored, firstly through the symbolism of bread which is metaphorically leavened with meanings and memories of survival – both in Judaism and for the survivors interviewed. Bread is positioned as a true reflection of lived experience for survivors of both ghettoes and concentration camps, who construct a specific and salient relationship with food. This illustrates the perceived difference between them and members of the Centre who escaped the Nazi regime as refugees or by the Kindertransport. Foods associated with the concentration or extermination camps are (re)inscribed with new meanings, as a steaming bowl of Polish barley soup ultimately embodies the ingredients of memory but also the recipe of survival. It can also stew the nostalgia of pre-war lives for Eastern European Jews and their recollections of the heym (Yiddish, home). Food is a conscious strategy of care in the Centre that mediates the embodied trauma of participants, and this paper draws on comparative examples to argue that refugee and survivor communities more generally may possess culturally-significant relationships with food that remain poorly understood.
MODA OLGUSUNUN SOSYAL MEDYA İLETİŞİMİNDEKİ YERİNİ MODA KURAMLARI TEMELİNE DAYANDIRMA
Authors: ÖZBAŞ Merve , ÖZTÜRK Fatma
Published: August 2018

ÖzetGünümüzün
ilerleyen ve gelişen çağında kitle iletişim araçları oldukça hızlı bir şekilde gelişimini
sürdürmektedir. Bu hızlı ilerlemede günümüz iletişim araçlarının modanın
yayılmasına ve moda olgusunun görünürlüğünün artırılmasına olan katkısı her
geçen gün artmaktadır. Genç kitlelerine hitap eden modanın tanımı sosyolojik kuramlara
dayanan temellerle ifade edilmiştir. Değişime öncü olan, kendini yenileme
özelliği bulunan moda olgusunun, günümüz şartlarında yaygınlaşmasına hizmet
eden sosyal medya ile hangi kuramlar ekseninde ilerlemiş olduğu sorusuna, bu
araştırma ile cevap aranmıştır. Bu çalışma; moda kuramlarının açıkladığı
değişimin bir öncüsü olma niteliğinin, kitle iletişim mecralarından en etkini
olan sosyal medya iletişimi içinde değerlendirilerek, sınanmasını temel
almaktadır. Amacı moda kuramlarının günümüz şartlarında da ne derece
geçerliliğinin olduğunu ortaya koymaya yöneliktir.Araştırma;
betimsel yöntem olup literatürde yapılan araştırmalar ile; Simmel ve
Veblen  tarafından öne sürülen moda
kuramları ekseninde günümüzdeki yansıması değerlendirecektir.
Oportunidades y desafíos para divulgar ciencias químicas y despertar vocaciones científicas tempranas
Authors: Alegre Clara , Romero Ojeda Gonzalo , Cabral Néstor Damián , Zalazar María Fernanda
Published: August 2018

En este trabajo se describe una propuesta didáctica novedosa desarrollada en el marco de ferias y muestras itinerantes de Ciencia y Tecnología. El objetivo general de la experiencia es desarrollar la cultura científica y contribuir al despertar de vocaciones científicas en niños. A través de la participación en este tipo actividades se abren nuevas oportunidades de comunicación desde la Universidad y los Centros de Investigación hacia la sociedad. Esto redunda en una mayor motivación tanto por parte de los alumnos como de los docentes y el equipo de trabajo involucrado.

 
Errores en la identificación de números reales cometidos por ingresantes universitarios
Authors: Mendoza M. E. , Caputo L. N. , Bordón Paula D. , Porcel Eduardo A.
Published: August 2018

En este trabajo se realiza un análisis estadístico descriptivo de los errores cometidos por ingresantes a las carreras Ingeniería Eléctrica, Ingeniería en Agrimensura, Ingeniería en Electrónica, Licenciatura en Ciencias Físicas y Licenciatura en Ciencias Químicas al identificar números reales como tales o como elementos de los conjuntos de números naturales, enteros, racionales e irracionales. Se pudo observar elevados porcentajes de errores que dan cuenta de las dificultades de los estudiantes para identificar al 0 como un número racional, entero y no natural, como racionales a aquellos números racionales con infinitas cifras periódicas y como número complejo no real a la raíz cuadrada de un número real negativo. Puede concluirse que los errores cometidos están vinculados a concepciones alternativas de los estudiantes las cuales provienen de hábitos escolares habituales a lo largo de la escolaridad preuniversitaria.

 
Análisis del régimen de correlatividades de Ingeniería en Agrimensura mediante CPM
Authors: Caputo L N. , Bordón Paula D. , Ferrari Elvira E.
Published: August 2018

Este trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar el régimen de correlatividades del plan de estudios de Ingeniería en Agrimensura mediante programación por camino crítico, a fin de determinar si su rigidez podría ser un factor que favorece el retraso de los estudiantes en egresar. De los resultados obtenidos, se concluye que, si bien el régimen es lo suficientemente flexible en cuanto a la aprobación de las asignaturas, no lo es en igual medida en lo que respecta al cursado y regularización de las mismas.

 
El laboratorio: un espacio de formación en la enseñanza de las Ciencias Naturales
Authors: Armúa A C. , Cubilla M V. , Vargas S. , Blanco C.
Published: August 2018

Con el desarrollo de este trabajo se dan a conocer y se expresan los resultados obtenidos desde la Asignatura de Didáctica de la Biología y Práctica de Residencia como parte de su participación en el Proyecto de Extensión, la Universidad en el Medio, el cual tuvo inicio en el año 2016 y continúo con la segunda parte en el año 2017. El mismo consistió en el uso y restructuración de los Trabajos Prácticos de laboratorio y buscar otros espacios de formación en las Ciencias Naturales a través de experiencias sencillas, más específicamente en la asignatura Biología, en instituciones de nivel medio de gestión pública y privada de la ciudad de Corrientes y alrededores.

 
Integrando naturaleza y pasado histórico: el sitio arqueológico Capilla de San Alonso
Authors: Chatellenaz Mario L. , Yunes Núñez Tamara
Published: August 2018

El Sitio Arqueológico Capilla de San Alonso (Departamento Santo Tomé, Corrientes) posee ruinas jesuíticas que datan del siglo XVIII, por lo que ha sido considerado Patrimonio Cultural, Natural y Turístico. Las ruinas están rodeadas por un remanente de Bosque Paranaense que constituye un atractivo adicional para los turistas que visitan el Sitio. Con el objetivo de vincular los conceptos culturales y arqueológicos del sitio con la riqueza de su medio biofísico, se realizaron relevamientos de la vegetación, y de aves y mamíferos, entre mayo y julio de 2015. Se registraron 44 especies de plantas vasculares, 65 de aves y ocho de mamíferos. Aunque estos números no son definitivos, y falta información referida a otros grupos de organismos, confirman la importancia del bosque remanente en el Sitio como patrimonio natural y atractivo turístico, y su potencial para realización de actividades de investigación y educación ambiental.

 
Desarrollo de algoritmos de control de un sistema seguidor para la medición de las componentes de la radiación solar
Authors: Mayer Manuel , Cáceres Manuel , Firman Andrés D. , Vera Luis Horacio
Published: August 2018

Conocer como varía el recurso solar en una determinada región es fundamental al momento de proyectar, dimensionar, implementar y caracterizar sistemas que aprovechan esta fuente de energía. En este aspecto, el sistema de seguimiento solar (solar tracker o seguidor solar), es un elemento esencial ya que permite orientar sensores para medición de las tres componentes de la radiación que incide sobre la superficie terrestre (directa, difusa, y albedo).

Existen distintos tipos de seguidores solares, siendo el adecuado para esta tarea aquel que posee dos grados de libertad e independencia con las condiciones climáticas. Para alcanzar esta independencia, el sistema de control que gobierna el dispositivo debe estar basado en ecuaciones de geometría solar. Sin embargo, en el proceso de diseño de un determinado seguidor solar, es conveniente conocer los requerimientos mínimos necesarios respecto a la resolución tanto electrónica como mecánica que deben poseer sus componentes, para que el sistema sea capaz de cumplir satisfactoriamente con la tarea para la cual ha sido concebido.

Con el objetivo de desarrollar un seguidor para medición de las componentes de la radiación solar, este estudio presenta el desarrollo de algoritmos de control, basados en ecuaciones de geometría solar, que permiten determinar a través de resultados de simulación, los requerimientos necesarios para minimizar los errores de orientación del sistema seguidor. De esta manera, se puede delimitar el error de orientación esperado e inferir su aporte al error global en la medición de las diferentes componentes de la radiación.

Los resultados obtenidos a través de los modelos desarrollados fueron contrastados con información que proporciona la NASA de manera gratuita, de esta manera, proporcionaron  las bases para el diseño del sistema seguidor, que está siendo implementado en el Laboratorio de Sistemas Fotovoltaicos del Departamento de Ingeniería de la FaCENA.

 
Estudio y valoración de la carga térmica en ambientes laborales en la región del NEA
Authors: Spotorno R. , García F. , Pochettino J. , Figueredo G.
Published: August 2018

Los especialistas fundamentados en el Decreto Reglamentario N° 351/79 de la Ley 19.587 de Higiene y Seguridad en el Trabajo, establecen el régimen laboral de los obreros de las contratistas que desarrollan actividades en diferentes rubros de las industrias. El problema radica que elaborado el plan de trabajo, las contratistas no cumplen con el mismo debido a la elevada carga térmica a la que están expuestos los operarios. En el presente trabajo se realiza la evaluación de la carga térmica para diferentes casos de actividades que los operarios desarrollan en la región del NEA (Nordeste Argentino).

 
Simulación del comportamiento térmico de un prototipo habitacional
Authors: Vera Luis H. , Zini Luciano A. , Cáceres Manuel , Firman Andrés , Busso Arturo
Published: August 2018

Este trabajo tiene como objetivo principal determinar el comportamiento térmico del prototipo habitacional localizado en el Campus del Valle de la UFRGS – Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul en la ciudad de Porto Alegre, a través de una simulación realizada con el programa computacional Energy Plus. Los valores obtenidos a lo largo de un año de simulación, son comparados estadísticamente y presentados gráficamente en una carta psicométrica para determinar las mejores estrategias de confort. Inicialmente se consideró una vivienda cerrada y vacía un año completo. Seguidamente se simuló la vivienda agregando personas y equipamiento eléctrico para estudiar las condiciones de confort (PMV) para una vivienda de 4 personas. Finalmente se determinó el sistema de aire acondicionado más adecuado para esta edificación.

 
Biogás: una alternativa sustentable para su implementación en laboratorios escolares rurales
Authors: Monzón Virginia , Mena Cecilia , Sogari Noemí
Published: August 2018

El presente trabajo expone el desarrollo de un proyecto de extensión, sobre el uso de las energías renovables en la escuela. La interacción de investigadores formados y alumnos de la FaCeNa de la UNNE, contribuye a concretar uno de los objetivos de la universidad: una educación universitaria inclusiva en el nivel medio. El proyecto se realiza con el objeto de promocionar el uso de las energías renovables y en este caso particular la generación de biogás a partir de la degradación de efluentes de corrales y tambos. Los destinatarios son docentes y alumnos de escuelas del nivel medio asentados en zonas rurales. Se aplica una práctica de laboratorio sencilla para la generación de biogás como estrategia didáctica para lograr un proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje significativo para los educandos, que vincula conceptos físico- químicos vinculados con degradación del medio ambiente, su conservación y la interpretación de manera crítica de los resultados obtenidos.
 
Almacenamiento de semillas de Peltophorum Dubium (Spreng) Taub Fabaceae
Authors: Montiel María Del Rosario , Verón M.
Published: August 2018

Peltophorum dubium es un árbol de la familia Fabaceae, nativa de Argentina. Es una especie de crecimiento rápido, heliófila, que soporta temperaturas suaves. Debido a la degradación y fragmentación que sufren los bosques en la actualidad, se planteó el estudio de las condiciones de almacenamiento de las semillas de esta especie, ya que, debido a sus características, es indicada para la restauración de bosques. En este trabajo, se evaluó la viabilidad de sus semillas, sometidas a diferentes condiciones y tiempo de almacenamiento. Para llevar a cabo el estudio se recolectaron frutos de tres árboles semilleros diferentes, ubicados en las inmediaciones de la ciudad de Corrientes. El ensayo de laboratorio consistió en separar las semillas de las vainas y realizar la homogenización de las semillas obtenidas, mezclándolas. Posteriormente, se separaron las semillas en 5 lotes de 100 ±120 semillas y se colocaron en bolsas plásticas herméticas. A cada lote se le aplicó un tratamiento distinto, resultante de la interacción de tiempo (3 y 6 meses) y lugar de almacenamiento (armario y heladera), más el lote testigo. Se armaron germinadores y se ubicaron en ellos las semillas. Diariamente se registró el poder germinativo de las mismas. El análisis de los datos obtenidos en las mediciones de germinación se llevó a cabo luego de calcular los valores de poder germinativo promedio (PGP) de cada lote. Se graficaron los resultados obtenidos y los datos fueron analizados mediante un análisis de la varianza (ANOVA), con posterior Test Post ANOVA (Test de Tukey). De acuerdo a los datos obtenidos mediante este estudio, pudimos observar un mayor PGP en el lote al que se le aplicó el tratamiento heladera durante 6 meses. El menor PGP observado fue el del lote al que se le aplicó el tratamiento armario durante 3 meses.

 
Didática no ensino superior: desafios e perspectivas dos docentes de Odontologia da Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa
Authors: Vochikovski Laína , Burey Adrieli , Maran Bianca Medeiros , Matos Thalita De Paris , Able Francine Baldin , Wambier Denise Stadler , Stadler Rita De Cassia
Published: August 2018

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a percepção de docentes do curso de Odontologia quanto as principais dificuldades enfrentadas e as habilidades imprescindíveis para o exercício do magistério superior. Para tal, foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa com 47 professores do curso de Odontologia da Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, divididos em dois grupos: a) tempo de atuação docente inferior a 5 anos; b) tempo de atuação docente maior que 5 anos. Após a validação do questionário, este foi encaminhado para os participantes da pesquisa responderem questões abertas sobre o exercício do magistério no ensino superior. Posteriormente à coleta dos dados, foi feita a análise descritiva das informações, exploração do material e interpretação dos resultados. Nos desafios enfrentados, os docentes com mais de 5 anos de atuação citaram a responsabilidade em formar um profissional, dificuldade em motivar os alunos e aquisição de segurança para docência como os principais. Por outro lado, docentes com atuação inferior a 5 anos apontaram o relacionamento com o aluno, insegurança profissional e obtenção do equilíbrio entre a teoria e a prática como principais desafios. Com relação às dificuldades enfrentadas atualmente, as respostas foram semelhantes para os dois grupos, sendo a falta de interesse dos alunos, falta de infraestrutura e de material de apoio para ministrar as aulas, as mais citadas. As habilidades mais mencionadas pelos professores como essenciais para o exercício da profissão incluíram a paciência, didática e necessidade de constante atualização. Pôde-se concluir que os professores enfrentam dificuldades na prática docente, independentemente do tempo de atuação.
Perfil e expectativas profissionais de concluintes do curso de graduação em Odontologia da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina
Authors: Vieira da Silva Carolina , Spiger Vinícius , Amante Cláudio José
Published: August 2018

A Odontologia vivencia constantes mudanças, em uma realidade de saturação do mercado, fortalecimento do setor público e novos desafios profissionais. A formação universitária almeja um novo perfil acadêmico, conforme as Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais. Este estudo objetivou verificar o perfil dos estudantes do último ano do Curso de Graduação em Odontologia da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina e suas expectativas profissionais. Um estudo descritivo transversal foi conduzido por meio de um questionário autoaplicável, composto por questões sociodemográficas e sobre a expectativa profissional dos estudantes. De 84 estudantes, 90,48% concordaram em participar do estudo. A amostra foi majoritariamente composta por estudantes do sexo feminino (69,74%), brancos (92,10%), solteiros (88,16%) e com idade média de 24 anos. Quanto à formação, 64,47% cursaram o ensino médio em escola privada. Renda familiar média de 5 a 10 salários mínimos foi declarada por 39,47%dos participantes e 84,21% afirmaram não trabalhar.  Apenas 18,42% dos estudantes ingressaram no curso por meio de ações afirmativas. Em relação às expectativas profissionais, 80,26% querem trabalhar no serviço público, principalmente por estabilidade (42,10%) e renda complementar ao serviço privado (40,79%). A principal dificuldade esperada pelos alunos é a saturação do mercado de trabalho (69,74%). Todos almejam cursar algum tipo de pós-graduação, principalmente nas áreas de Prótese Dentária (36,84%), Dentística (34,21%) e Implantodontia (32,90%). Neste estudo, identificou-se uma tendência às especialidades odontológicas no perfil dos estudantes, embora o emprego público seja almejado pela maioria, além de constante preocupação com a saturação do mercado de trabalho.
Tensile Strength Measurement for Foundry Sand Brick
Authors: Magdum Manasi V. , Salokhe Dr.B. T. , Mali Prof.A. S.
Published: August 2018

Tensile strength is an important concept in engineering, especially in the fields of material science, mechanical engineering and structural Engineering. The tensile strength of a material is the maximum amount of tensile stress that can be applied to it before it ceases to be elastic. If more force is applied the material will become plastic or even break. Passed the elastic limit, the material will not relax to its initial shape after the force is removed. See Hooke's Law and Modulus of elasticity. The tensile strength where the material becomes plastic is called yield tensile strength. This is the point where the deformation (strain) of the material is unrecovered, and the work produced by external forces is not stored as elastic energy but will lead to contraction, cracks and ultimately failure of the construction. Clearly, this is a remarkable point for the engineering properties of the material since here the construction may lose its loading capacity or undergo large deformations. On the stress-strain curve below this point is in between the elastic and the plastic region. The Ultimate Tensile Strength (UTS) of a material is the limit stress at which the material actually breaks, with sudden release of the stored elastic energy. Tensile strength is measured in units of force per unit area. In the SI system, the unit is Newton per square meter (N/m² or Pa - Pascal). The U.S customary unit is pounds per square inch (or PSI).
SEARCHING FOR {0, 1} VECTOR MAXIMIZING THE NUMBER OF POSITIVE DOT PRODUCTS WITH MATRIX ROWS
Authors: Nguyen Thinh D.
Published: August 2018

This paper studies the following task: given an n×m {−1, +1} matrix, search for an m-dimensional {0, 1} vector that maximizes the number of rows having positive dot product with it.