bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
AXIOLOGY OF PERCEPTUAL IMAGERY IN V. NABOKOV’S MEMOIR, ARTISTIC, CRITICAL DISCOURSE IN 1937-1940S
Authors: Drozdova Anastasia O.
Published: February 2022

The article analyzes the perceptual imagery in V. Nabokov’s works of the French period (1937-1940s) prior to his movement to England and relocation to America. Research material is the texts in which the different discourses (memoir, artistic, critical) and situation of the perception (recollection, creation, reading) are combined: the necrologies On Khodasevich, [In Memory of A. O. Fondaminskaya], essays Literary Review, Pushkin, or the Real and the Plausible, autobiographical novel Mademoiselle O. Research methodology relays on the investigations which discuss Nabokov’s oeuvre as a macrotext in which artist’s individual perceptive experience is represented. The article scrutinizes the axiological and structural meaning of the sensorial images in Nabokov’s text of the French period. The characteristics of the perceptual imagery are drawn upon the connection between the image and the subject articulated his senses. The key peculiarity of the perceptual imagery in the works of the French period is that it creates the plot on observer changing his identity and conquer the boundaries of the perception by means of the other point of view. V. Nabokov considers the attention to the autonomic subject of perception as a key artistic value.
Common action: Can grassroots initiatives propel territorial governance in Montenegro?
Authors: Dragovic Sonja
Published: February 2022

In recent years, grassroots organising has become important in advocating for the interests of local communities in spatial development processes in the Balkans. Though differing in terms of size, focus, and method, these initiatives seek to articulate dissatisfaction with the existing models of spatial governance, and to imagine, propose, and demand more just and inclusive alternatives. This paper focuses on grassroots activism contesting the top-down model of governing space in Montenegro. Based on a case-study analysis, it traces developments in the forms of organising and degrees of influence of three distinct initiatives, examining what their impact on the development of territorial governance approach may be.
Territorial rescaling and polycentric governance in Albania
Authors: Shutina Dritan , Toto Rudina
Published: February 2022

Territories as relational geographical constructs are in constant formation and reformation, or rescaling, which results in spatial typologies of complex governance. The voting containers of a territory are merely one typology, often not matching the numerous functions within the other typologies. Under the assumption that voting containers are politically fixed, governance that adapts to the dynamics of territorial rescaling is required. This paper explores the relationship between territorial rescaling and polycentric governance in Albania. It concludes that polycentric governance can enable cooperation and efficiency throughout rescaling, assuming some conditions are in place for addressing the polycentricity gap.
The opportunity to develop strategic spatial planning with the impulse of integrated territorial investments in Croatia
Authors: Katurić Ivana , Simov Sven
Published: February 2022

Regional development and spatial planning in Croatia are organised as parallel planning systems regulated by different legislations and coordinated by two ministries, the development of which has been strongly influenced by the European Union (EU). In the last two decades, the intensive development of strategic documentation on a local, regional, and national level regarding diverse territorial governance aspects has had extensive analytical scope but little potential for implementation due to the overlapping of responsibilities and disconnected budget and implementation instruments. The Integrated Territorial Investments (ITI) mechanism of implementation contributed to the understanding of multifaceted territorial governance beyond strategic document drafting. This paper analyses the first phase of ITI implementation in Croatia, i.e. the processes which unified functional urban areas, creating the possibility to develop joint management structures and strategies, integrated projects, and common participative planning models.
Improving compliance of the EU Cohesion Policy via prevention measures? The case of the Polish Operational Programme ‘Technical Assistance’ 2014–2020
Authors: Walczyk Julia , Dotti Nicola Francesco
Published: February 2022

The EU Cohesion Policy was observed to be marked by financial compliance problems due to a relatively high level of irregularities. This problem brings into question the issue of how to prevent such infringements of the rules applicable to EU expenditure. Against this backdrop, this article investigates how Poland worked to prevent irregularities during the 2014–2020 programming period. Specifically, the focus is on whether prevention measures enhanced Poland’s financial compliance performance. For this purpose, a novel model of ‘non-compliance financial rate’ (NCFR) is proposed and triangulated with qualitative findings from semi-structured interviews and documentary analysis, which has shown encouraging results that might be relevant also for other Member States.
Case study: trepanation or injury? An example of an early medieval skull from Płock (Poland)
Authors: Partyńska Aleksandra , Gromnicka Daria
Published: February 2022

The aim of the study was to analyze a skull found in ossuary material in Płock, dated between the 16th and 19th centuries. The skull was subjected to a comprehensive anthropological analysis due to the number of pathological changes occurring to it. These changes testify to both the diseases experienced by the individual and the acquired bone injuries. The study aimed to find out whether the pathological changes on the skull appeared as a result of the injury or intentional trepanation. The examined skull shows three injuries, of which only one may resemble trepanation processes. Comparative analysis of the skull showed that the observed marks were generated ante-mortem. The presence of compact regenerated bone tissue with a significant thickness attests to this statement. Based on the trauma marks, it was determined that two of them (“A” and “B”) had been struck by a sharp-edged instrument. They do not, however, match any known trepanation techniques. They should be categorized as purposeful injuries that are not trepanations, based on the proportions and shape of the incisions, as well as the comparative study. The “C” trace, when examined and compared to the literature, appears to be an oval depression caused by an impact with a blunt-edged object rather than a healed trepanation mark.
Application of the lateral angle method for sex determination of cremated individuals from burials of the Lusatian culture cemetery in Czernikowice, Poland
Authors: Hałuszko Agata , Guziński Maciej
Published: February 2022

Research of cremated human remains are limited by severe analytical constraints. Estimation of basic anthropological parameters such as sex of individuals or their age at death is often uncertain. A method for assessing the sex of cremated individuals measures the lateral angle of the petrous part (PP) of the temporal bone, known as the lateral angle (LA) method.

In the cemetery of the Lusatian culture in Czernikowice (51.317389°N, 15.871469°E), 6 well-preserved PP were identified. The analyzed PP belonged to 6 different individuals: 3 adults and 3 children. Based on standard anthropological methods, sex was estimated for adults individuals: 2 males and 1 female. The identified PP served as the basis for application of the LA method. The bones were scanned by computed tomography (CT) and the tomographic imaging allowed measurement of the lateral angle.

The absolute values of intra-observer errors did not exceed 1°. Relative technical errors of measurements (rTEM) fell in the range below 5%, which is indicative of their high precision. Individuals for which the LA value was greater than or equal to 45.0° were qualified as females and those for which it was less than 45.0° – as males. The LA values for female individuals ranged from 48.0 to 49.1°, (average 48.5±0.78°, median 48.4°) and for male individuals were in the range of 24.9-37.5° (average 33.4±5.80°, median 35.5°). The absolute difference between the average values for female and male individuals was considerable (15.1°) and statistically significant (p < 0.001).

The LA method provides good reliability of measurements when it comes to this analysis with regard to cremated osteological material, and the use of non-invasive CT enhances its value in the context of archaeological remains. However, its capability for sexing subadult individuals should be approached with caution and requires further research.
Blaski i cienie reformy programowej w edukacji przedszkolnej i wczesnoszkolnej – postawy nauczycieli
Authors: Kamińska-Juckiewicz Małgorzata
Published: February 2022

The article is focused on issues related to teachers’ preparation to current educational changes, their needs of knowledge and skills development in connection with dissemination of curriculum reform in preschool and early school education. Based on available documents and journalistic reports, the author presents the current process of changes implementation in educational area. The article shows findings and conclusions related to teachers’ responses to the introduction of the reform gathered during meetings with teachers and puts forward a proposal for research in this field.
Prawodawstwo i oczekiwania społeczeństwa jako determinanty różnorodności zadań podejmowanych przez nauczycieli – czyli od wielkich słów do rzeczywistości
Authors: Kłodzińska Dorota
Published: February 2022

Nowadays, all legal acts concerning Polish education system seem to specify very clearly what requirements schools and teachers are expected to fulfill. A diversity of assignments to be undertaken by them is steadily growing, as teachers have to evolve to meet the changing demands of their profession. They are expected to be more than highly-qualified professionals, as they have to be, among others, good leaders, therapists, PR specialists, police officers, and confessors. According to the legal acts and social expectations they should also be up to date with all education requirements, work with the underprivileged on a voluntary basis, have a sound knowledge of IT and a good command of a foreign language. Whereas schools are to offer not only a safe and friendly atmosphere, but also a variety of extra-curricular activities and good school facilities. The list of expectations seems endless. So, what is a modern school really like? Does it live up to these expectations? In my opinion, as a result of economic, social and culture changes in Poland, at last, it has been turning into a modern, well-equipped place where highly-qualified and caring teachers help children grow, learn and play. Fortunately, they are occasionally rewarded for their hard work and devotion. All in all, contrary to popular belief, it is good that teachers can enjoy long holidays. It is good that they are allowed to go on convalescent leave when they feel drained. And it is good that they are provided with a status of a government functionary. But strangely enough, what they find good about their work is still a greetings card handmade by a child…
Wychowanie do samodzielności – rola nauczyciela wychowania przedszkolnego w kreowaniu otoczenia wokół dziecka
Authors: Sosnowska Joanna
Published: February 2022

Self-reliance in behavioral concepts is an ability allowing an individual to proceed an activity regardless of the environment. It is the ability acquired by means of systematical practice. It is a lifelong process. However, the most intense changes occur in childhood and adolescence. A selfreliant child means a self-reliant adult in the future. Educating a child for self-reliance is a responsibility of adults, i.e. teachers and parents. There are no ready made patterns of forming a small child’s self-reliance which is determined by many factors. Every child has their own pace of development and the level of self-reliance depends on their capacity, abilities and the environment they are in. There are numerous school and kindergarten situations which a teacher can use to teach and improve children’s self-reliance. One of them is organizing educational environment in such a way that no-one should help out children in their everyday activities such as personal hygiene, meals, playing, tidying their classrooms, being on duty as well as interpersonal communication.
The Effect of Giving Citric Acid with Different Concentration on The Level of Heavy Metal Lead (Pb) in Meat Green Mussel (Perna viridis)
Authors: Ernawati Ernawati , Dewi Nina Nurmalia , Triastuti Juni
Published: February 2022

Green mussel (Perna viridis) is a fishery food that is often consumed by the community because the price is relatively affordable. This animal has the potential to be used because it has a large population, but one of the problems in Indonesian waters, especially Kenjeran Beach, is that it contains Pb metal. Consuming green mussels with Pb levels will interfere with body health, so it is necessary to take action to reduce the Pb metal content in green mussels, one of which is using citric acid. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of soaking green mussel meat in citric acid with different concentrations on the reduction of Pb heavy metal levels. This research is a laboratory experimental with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of 4 different treatments of immersion concentration in citric acid (0 , 0.21 , 0.25 and 0.29 M). The results showed that the immersion of green mussel meat in citric acid with concentrations of 0.21 , 0.25 and 0.29 M had a significant effect on the reduction of heavy metal lead (Pb) after immersion in citric acid at a concentration of 0.29 M is 0.1120 ppm, 0.25 M is 0.1167 ppm and 0.21 M is 0.1160 ppm. Soaking green mussels in citric acid with different concentrations did not affect the yield value of green mussel meat.
Interactive eBook Applications in the Context of the Modern Media System: Release and Promotion Strategies
Authors: Zimina L. V.
Published: February 2022

The article treats digital technologies impact on modern ways of content producing, promotion and consumption. The focus is on interactive book apps as innovative publishing projects that use interactive multimedia content. Interactive book apps are designed for tablets and smartphones and combine different elements (texts, images, video, audio, animation and so on). The author traces back in short e-books prehistory from Kindle gadgets to the time of innovative iPad tablet that resulted in a new generation of e-books. Different types of interactive book apps are highlighted in the article on the base of their purposes and genres (for examp.: fiction, non-fiction, for kids and so on); some of these apps have elements of critical edition. From theoretical point of view interactive book apps can be treated within the frame of the media convergence approach that tends to blur boundaries between contents of different types. Exactly from these stem theoretical and practical difficulties as follows: in the first case – with notions that could be applied to them, in the second one – with tools for their search, identification, systematization and preservation in archives. The article analyzes a number of limitations (technological, software, legal, socio-cultural) that hinder their dynamic development in the modern media system. Main strategies of apps’ output and promotion are generalized and a number of restrictions that hinders their actual development in the media system is analyzed.
Анализ динамики эпидемического процесса COVID-19 в мире за неделю с 05.02.2022 г. по 11.02.2022 г.
Authors: Зимирова Анастасия , Поспелов Михаил , Иванова Александра , Дмитриева Людмила , Чумачкова Елена , Карнаухов Игорь , Щербакова Светлана , Кутырев Владимир
Published: February 2022

В обзоре представлен анализ эпидемиологической ситуации в странах мира по COVID-19, за неделю с 05.02.2022 г. по 11.02.2022 г.
Распространение вариантов вируса SARS-COV-2, вызывающих озабоченность (VOC) и интерес (VOI) на основе количества их геномов, депонированных в базу данных GISAID за неделю с 05.02.2022 г. по 11.02.2022 г.
Authors: Дмитриева Людмила , Краснов Ярослав , Чумачкова Елена , Осина Наталья , Сафронов Валентин , Иванова Александра , Карнаухов Игорь , Караваева Татьяна , Щербакова Светлана , Кутырев Владимир
Published: February 2022

В обзоре представлен анализ циркуляции геновариантов вируса SARS-CoV-2, вы-зывающих озабоченность (VOC) и интерес (VOI) на основе их геномов в базе GISAID за неделю с 05.02.2022 г. по 11.02.2022 г.
El concepto de blasfemia en la obra de Agustín de Hipona
Authors: Zeinal Werba Megan Sara
Published: February 2022

Entre los múltiples legados de la filosofía de Agustín de Hipona se detecta un reconocimiento muy atento al lenguaje. Su aproximación trata de una variedad de encuadres que exhiben que la lengua debe entenderse en relación a una cierta noción de praxis. No solo porque sus escritos sintetizan un rico recorrido propio de exploraciones lingüísticas teóricas y empíricas. Sino también porque es a través de una efervescente implicación en el discurso en donde Agustín construye su posición gestualmente. Lo hace escribiendo, predicando, corrigiendo, contestando, discutiendo, enseñando. Incesantemente sumergido en algún acto verbal que incita a que en su obra se pueda respirar una original simbiosis entre lenguaje y acción. Sus advertencias sobre la blasfemia y de la maledicencia resultan fundamentales para comprender la postura lingüística sobre el lenguaje de reniego de toda una tradición posterior.
Sobre coacción y libertad en el pensamiento islámico clásico
Authors: Tornero Poveda Emilio
Published: February 2022

En este trabajo, después de contrastar la opinión de Kant y Aristóteles sobre la responsabilidad y la libertad ante la coacción, y tras unas sucintas consideraciones sobre el tema de la libertad en el pensamiento islámico, se pasa revista a lo que sobre la coacción han dicho los pensadores más representativos del área islámica clásica. Estos pensadores son, ante todo, los mutakallimíes, los “teólogos” del islam, distinguiéndose entre ellos un grupo, los muʿtazilíes, que son los que han dado mayor entrada a la razón en sus especulaciones, y entre estos destacan los análisis de ‘Abd al-Jabbâr (m. 1025) que es el autor que más se ha ocupado de este asunto. Finalmente se contrasta la opinión de este autor con las de al-Bâqillânî (m. 1013) y Algazel (m. 1111), cuya solución es muy próxima a la de Kant.

Sigue un breve Apéndice para ilustrar la cuestión tratada a través de las reflexiones de Semprun y Améry sobre su experiencia de la coacción (=tortura) sufrida.
An evaluation method of innovation and entrepreneurship education in agricultural and forestry colleges and universities based on elm neural network
Authors: Deng Xiongfeng , Zhao Linfeng
Published: February 2022

Rural Rehabilitation has been adopted in China. The agricultural and forestry management major needs an entirely different educational approach, which incorporates broad technical competence, great accountability, and related ethical guidelines. Many agricultural and forestry students have lacked self-awareness for a lengthy moment, resulting in a lack of study effort and entrepreneurial spirit. As a result, it is critical to establish a sense of entrepreneurialism and innovation in pupils and continuously improve educational practices. An ELM neural network (ELM-NN) approach for predicting students' success in innovation and entrepreneurial education is proposed in this research. The sample of participants is initially acquired for this inquiry. On the other hand, the evaluation index method encourages students to think creatively and entrepreneurially. Finally, the proposed approach is used to predict students' performance using this data. The proposed ELM-NN system in this study is tested and compared to other current methods to see how well it performs
Training needs of Pakistani farmers regarding recommended production technology of rice
Authors: Riaz Imran
Published: February 2022

The training needs of rice growers in Punjab, Pakistan were assessed regarding the production technology used in growing rice. Total 332 rice growers were selected through random sampling technique from tehsil Nowshera Virkan, district Gujranwala and interviewed accordingly through a face to face interview technique. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Frequency, percentages, weighted mean and chi-square techniques were run on the data. Production technology was divided into two sections (i) major aspects and (ii) sub-aspects. Major aspects were 8 in number and 46 in sub-aspects. Findings indicated that almost 60 and 14.2% of the respondents had a low and medium level of training need. 21.5% of respondents had a high level of training needs. The average score of 128.28 indicated the medium level of training needs for the sampled farmers. Among major aspects, weed management and seed and seedlings embarked high level of training need. Whereas, in sub-aspects, 30 aspects show a low level of training, 12 in medium and 04 at a high level. Chisquare confirmed that socio-economic attributes and training need was no different. However, lower educational level in the area as 47.9% of respondents had no education asks for the due attention from the department of extension to formulate training programs for the farmers materializing the need and socio-economic position of the farmers.
An investigative insight of factors responsible for cotton paradigm shifting in the Punjab, Pakistan
Authors: Shahzad Muhammad
Published: February 2022

Cotton is an important commodity to improve economic development of rural dwellers and the economy of Pakistan. It contributes 5.2 percent in value addition to the agriculture sector and more than 50 percent share of the total exports of the country. But the cotton production has witnessed a huge decline of 20 percent from 13.96 million bales to 9.86 million bales over the last five years from 2014-18, resulting in a large loss to the GDP of the country. This rapid shifting of cotton towards sugarcane and other crops in core cotton areas of Punjab has severely damaged the large textile industry of Pakistan. Therefore, the present study was planned to investigate the factors behind shifting of cotton crop in the purposively selected district Rahim Yar Khan as it was the leading cotton producing district in the Punjab and had been hit hard by this paradigm shift. The population of study was comprised of all those farmers who have been completely or partially shifted from cotton to sugarcane crop. Multistage sampling technique was adopted to select the sample size. A baseline survey was conducted to prepare a list of farmers who had been shifted from cotton to sugarcane production. A well-prepared interview schedule was administered for data collection in this study. It was revealed that the cost of certified cotton seed and fertilizers were the major economic factors; adulteration of pesticides and unavailability of certified seed were the production factors; poor quality of water and extreme heat waves were the natural factors; market fluctuation and middleman monopoly were the marketing factors and expansion of sugar industry and unchecked involvement of middleman were the major policy factors behind the paradigm shift of cotton crop as per the responses obtained from the respondents
Effect on Sitophilus oryzae infestation on amylose content and weight loss of eight rice varieties
Authors: Syarifah Zulaikha Syed Ahmad
Published: February 2022

Sitophilus oryzae is one of the primary pests that causes severe damage to food products. Damage of the grains cause a drastic dropping of rice quality, which significantly affected our rice industry. The amylose content and weight loss are two components that are affected due to the S. oryzae infestation. In this study, eight rice varieties namely Thai Pathumthani Fragrant White Rice 100%, Vietnam Long Grain White Rice 5%, Pakistan Basmathi Long Grain White Rice PK 385, Indian Steam Pusa 1121 Basmathi LGWR, Thai White Rice, Pakistan White Rice, Cambodian Fragrant Sen Kro Oub 5%, and Vietnamese White Fragrant Rice 2% were collected to investigate the amylose content and weight loss after six-month durations of the S. oryzae infestation. ANOVA analysis has shown a significant value, p-value=0.00, p <0.05 for the relationship between amylose content and rice varieties, whereas the weight loss in the eight rice varieties also showed a significant value, p-value= 0.00, p< 0.05. The Pakistan White Rice has recorded the highest percentage of weight loss (55.8%), while Cambodian Fragrant Sen Kro Oub 5% showed the lowest percentage of weight loss (23%). Despite the significant weight loss, the amylose content in each rice variety has showed a low rate, 2-9%. Results obtained from this study are considered as a fundamental data to strategize the S. oryzae pest management to make sure the continuity of rice supply for Malaysia
A novel and high throughput wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotyping using Kompetitive Allele Specific PCR assay for genes underpinning major economic attributes
Authors: Tariq Huma
Published: February 2022

Wheat breeding programs are increasingly using molecular tools to improve efficiency and speed of developing productive cultivars. Molecular markers such as Kompetitive Allele Specific PCR (KASP) have now become a principal approach to study genetic relationship among various wheat species. The objective of our research study was to identify and distinguished the wheat parents and their hybrid for genes controlling major agronomical attributes. Germplasm comprised of fifteen genotypes were genotyped for gluten strength (Glu A1, Glu D1), height reduction (Rht 1), starch quality (Waxy), vernalization (Vrn A1, Vrn B1), photoperiod sensitivity (Ppd 1), Tan spot disease (Tns-1) and leaf rust disease (Lr34). Statistical analysis with endpoint genotyping, graphical display and principal coordinate revealed significant results for KASP assay. Most variable crosses were S3 X I1, S3 X I3, S2 X I1, S2 X I2 and S1 X I1 with maximum segregants. Whereas, variation was observed for Glu-D1, Tsn1, Glu-A1 followed by Lr34 alleles. Therefore, the objective was achieved successfully with the most reliable KASP markers. The diverse attributes dissected, and key hybrids identified in this study would provide guidance for the improvement of the economically important traits and provide understanding of genetic variability in distinct segregating populations. Besides we have identified significantly important partial mutants in the germplasm for Waxy allele. These findings could provide the end user with wheat products with improved quality such as with or without amylose content.
Global Tracking of Climate Change Adaptation Policy Using Machine Learning: a Systematic Map Protocol
Authors: Sietsma Anne J. , Callaghan Max , Biesbroek Robbert , Theokritoff Emily , Thomas Adelle , Canosa Iván Villaverde , Schleussner Carl-Friedrich , Ford James D. , Minx Jan C.
Published: February 2022

Background — Countries around the globe have started implementing policies to respond to the current and future risks of climate change. The scientific literature on these adaptation policies is fragmented and no central typology is generally accepted, making tracking of global adaptation policy progress difficult.Methods — In this protocol, we describe how we use machine learning methods to classify scientific literature on adaptation policies following the ROSES guidelines. We use a broad search query in Scopus, MEDLINE and Web of Science (up to November 2021). We manually classify a subset of the documents and use this to train multiple supervised machine learning algorithms, including a state-of-the-art algorithm based on BERT. The classification scheme is aimed at providing a multi-functional database: we classify first based on a newly created typology, which is based around the well-established NATO categories of policy instruments; this is supplemented with categories on the types of impacts, evidence on maladaptation, constraints, evidence type, governance level and geographic location.Expected results – Using the typology and categories, as well as topic modelling, we create an overview of scientific literature on adaptation policies. This describes the breath of policy options, their geographic distribution, developments over time, and under-explored areas. If successful, this would result in the most comprehensive evidence map of adaptation policies to date; building on this, the machine learning algorithms and underlying data can serve as a basis for a living evidence map, moving towards the real-time tracking of adaptation progress.
Case report of anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis in a 24-year-old female: an uncommon presentation.
Authors: Steeman Antoine , Andriescu Ionut-Adrian , Sporcq Cecile , Mathieu Delphine , Meurant Virginie , Mazairac Guy
Published: February 2022

Background: Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis is a form of autoimmune encephalitis. Due to the variability of the initial symptoms, anti-NMDAR encephalitis is not only underdiagnosed but also can be misdiagnosed as viral encephalitis or other pathologies. The origin of this disease is often paraneoplastic. Anti-NMDAR encephalitis preferentially affects children and young adults, and it has a male/female ratio of 1/4. In case of clinical suspicion, electroencephalogram and brain magnetic resonance imaging are useful, but lumbar puncture for cerebrospinal fluid analysis is used to confirm the diagnosis. Treatment for this disease includes immunosuppression and tumour resection when indicated.Case presentation: We report the case of a 24-year-old female admitted to the emergency room following the onset of acute confusion. Due to the rapid deterioration of consciousness, swallowing disorders, respiratory failure and severe bradycardia the patient was intubated. On day 23 after presentation, brain magnetic resonance suggested autoimmune limbic encephalitis. Cerebrospinal fluid results were positive for anti-NMDA antibodies. After IV methylprednisolone and plasmapheresis and a second line therapy with corticosteroid and mycophenolic acid, the patient’s clinical condition gradually improved.Conclusions: Anti-NMDAR encephalitis typically occurs in young patients with no history of acute psychiatric symptoms. The possibility of this pathology should be taken into account before diagnosing a patient with a psychiatric illness.
Clinical Characteristics and Laboratory Parameters in Differentiating Pediatric Dengue Fever and Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever
Authors: Juliansen Andry , Meliani Fellisa , Budiputri Charista Lydia , Muljono Michelle Patricia , Heriyanto Rivaldo Steven , Chandra Shally , Octavius Gilbert Sterling
Published: February 2022

BackgroundThe mortality of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) infection in children is still high now. Discriminating dengue fever (DF) and DHF during the early phase is difficult, especially with limited diagnostic tools in peripheral areas. Hence, early identification of significant factors in DHF is important, with rapid disease progression may lead to mortality. This study aims to determine early clinical and laboratory parameters significant in differentiating DF and DHFMethodsThis is a cross-sectional study using secondary data from medical records collected by purposive sampling from January 2015 to December 2020. This study included children aged 0-18 years old diagnosed with DF and DHF based on WHO 2011 criteria. ResultsFrom multivariate analysis of 528 dengue patients, presence of prior dengue infection (OR = 7.1; 95% CI: 2.1-23.7, p=0.001), transfusion administration (OR = 34; 95% CI: 8.7-132, p<0.001), present hepatomegaly (OR = 7.2; 95% CI 1.3-38.2, p=0.02) and other bleeding manifestations (OR = 3.5; 95% CI 1.3-9.3, p=0.012) are significant parameters to differentiate DF and DHF with good quality of discrimination (AUC value = 0.83) and the model is a good fit (Hosmer-Lemeshow value = 0.65). ROC analysis showed two significant variables yielded 55.6% of sensitivity and 86.3% of specificity.ConclusionsTwo or more characteristics of present hepatomegaly, other bleeding manifestations, transfusion receive, and prior dengue infection are specific to dengue infections yet less sensitive to differentiate DF and DHF.
Addition of silicon to boron foliar spray in cotton plants modulates the antioxidative system attenuating boron deficiency and toxicity
Authors: Junior Jonas Pereira Souza , Prado Renato de Mello , Campos Cid Naudi Silva , Junior Gilmar da Silveira Sousa , Oliveira Kevein Ruas , Cazetta Jairo Osvaldo , Gratão Priscila Lupino
Published: February 2022

Background: Boron (B) nutritional disorders, either deficiency or toxicity, may lead to an increase in reactive oxygen species production, causing damage to cells. Oxidative damage in leaves can be attenuated by supplying silicon (Si). The aim of this study was to assess assess the effect of increasing foliar B concentrations on cotton plants to determine whether adding Si to the spray solution promotes gains to correct deficiency and toxicity of this micronutrient by decreasing oxidative stress via synthetizing proline and glycine-betaine, thereby raising dry matter production.Results:B deficiency or toxicity increased H2O2 and MDA leaf content in cotton plants. H2O2 and MDA leaf content declined as a function of increased leaf B concentrations in the presence and absence of Si. B deficiency stood out in H2O2 and MDA production compared to its toxicity. Proline and glycine-betaine content declined as a function of the rise in B concentration. In addition, production of these nonenzymatic antioxidant compounds was greater in plants under toxicity, in relation to deficient plants. Adding Si to the B spray solution reduced H2O2 and MDA content in the plants under nutrient deficiency or toxicity. Si reduced H2O2, primarily in B-deficient plants. Si also increased proline and glycine-betaine content, mainly in plants under B toxicity. Dry matter production of B-deficient cotton plants increased up to an application of 1.2 g L-1 of B. The critical B level in the spray solution for deficiency and toxicity was observed at a concentration of 0.5 and 1.9 g L-1 of B, respectively, in the presence of Si, and 0.4 and 1.9 g L-1 of B without it. In addition, the presence of Si in the B solution raised dry matter production in all B concentrations evaluated in this study.Conclusion:Our findings demonstrated that adding Si to a B solution is important in the foliar spraying of cotton plants because it increases proline and glycine-betaine production and reduces H2O2 and MDA content, in addition to mitigating the oxidative stress in cotton plants under B deficiency or toxicity.
Factors Associated with Age of Diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder Among Children in Saudi Arabia: New Insights From A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Alnemary Fahad M , Alnemary Faisal M , Simon-Cereijido Gabriela , Aldhalaan Hesham M , Hernandez Anthony , Alyahya Ahmed , Alenezi Shuliweeh
Published: February 2022

Objectives: Research examining the age of diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and its influencing factors mostly originate from developed Western countries, providing little to no systematic information about the understanding and management of ASD in the rest of the world. The present exploratory study examined the influence of child and family characteristics on the age of ASD diagnosis in Saudi Arabia. Results: The median age at diagnosis was 3.0 years and was associated with some child and family characteristics. A one-year increase in child's age was associated with a 0.1-year increase in age of diagnosis (95% CI: 0.05, 0.12). Children who did not respond to their name were diagnosed 0.3 years earlier than other children (95% CI: - 0.60, -0.05), and engaging in challenging behavior was associated with a 0.5-year increase in age of diagnosis (95% CI: 0.20, 0.81). A lack of comorbidity was associated with a 0.6-year increase in the age of diagnosis compared to the diagnosis age of children with comorbidity (95% CI: 0.13, 1.01). Finally, those residing outside of Saudi Arabia were diagnosed with ASD 0.9 years earlier than those residing in Saudi Arabia (95% CI: -0.171, -0.11).
Mapping and analysis of structural lineaments using SRTM radar data and Landsat 8-OLI images in Telouet-Tighza area, Marrakech High Atlas - Morocco.
Authors: errami maryam , ALGOUTI Ahmed , ALGOUTI Abdellah , FARAH Abdelouahed
Published: February 2022

Certainly, remote sensing data more specifically Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager and SRTM images can be used as a powerful tool for lineament mapping. Lineament extraction method and statistical studies are attractive an alternative analysis techniques which resolve lineament mapping problems in the region and allow exceeding the usual classical method. The present study deals with the estimation of the potential of both Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager sensor images and SRTM Digital Elevation Model data for automatic lineament extraction in the south side of Marrakech High Atlas (Telouet-Tighza area). After image corrections, enhancement methods such as principal component analysis (PCA), Band Composite and Directional Filter were adopted in order to create new images with high visibility of linear structures. A Principal Component Analysis (PCA) has been realized on the Landsat 8- OLI bands in order to reduce the redundancy information in highly correlated bands. Validating the use of the new Landsat band composite image relied on calculating statistical optimum index factor (OIF), Correlation Index and matching interpreted linear structures to previously published geologic maps. Therefore, the SRTM Digital Elevation Model is used in this study to generate shaded relief images as well as three-dimensional representation of the terrain and slope. Shaded relief images allowed to highlight linear features related to geomorphological data which are not identified in optical images. Multi-source data, such as Band Ratio image, geological map and fieldworks were used to verify and eliminate meaningless and non- geological lineaments extracted by applying line model tool of Geomatica software.The results indicate that automatic method was applied successfully for lineament mapping in the Telouet-Tighza area and showing improvement over previous techniques in detailing the main tectonic faults. Slope and lithological factor were recognized to understand their relation with spatial distribution of lineaments over the study area. Structural lineaments generated from PC1, selected Band composite images and shaded relief DEM data proved the coincidence of their direction, length, and density with the tectonic system of the study area. The resultant fracture network is oriented ENE-WSW and E-W with a predominance of the E-W direction. It showsgood correlation between the distribution and the orientation of the lineaments on updated lineament map in comparison with the localization and orientation of fault system pattern in the existing geological map. In addition, the new synthetic structural map shows more information and details compared with based geological map which reveals the performance of Landsat 8-oli bands and SRTM data in this kind of study.
Service provider perspectives on how COVID-19 and pandemic restrictions have affected intimate partner and sexual violence survivors in Canada: A qualitative study
Authors: Michaelsen Sonia , Djiofack Hervé , Nombro Elisabeth , Ferlatte Olivier , Vissandjée Bilkis , Zarowsky Christina
Published: February 2022

Purpose: The COVID-19 pandemic may increase risk of intimate partner and sexual violence and make relevant services less accessible. This study explored the perspectives of intimate partner and sexual violence workers across Canada on how the COVID-19 pandemic has affected the survivors with whom they work. Methods: Using a qualitative descriptive design, we interviewed 17 management and frontline staff of organizations supporting survivors of intimate partner and sexual violence across Canada. Results: We identified 4 themes that describe the impacts of COVID-19 on IPV and SV survivors, from the perspective of service providers: 1) No escape; 2) Isolation; 3) Tough decisions; and 4) Heightened vulnerability. These narrative findings are presented first, followed by an analysis within a social determinants of health framework. Interpreting our findings against such a framework revealed a complex interplay of social determinants, notably social support, access to services, and poverty, that produced several challenges for IPV and SV survivors during COVID-19 Conclusion: According to service providers, IPV and SV survivors in Canada faced several challenges during the pandemic, including reduced ability to escape their situations, increased isolation, increasingly complex decisions, and heightened vulnerability. Our findings demonstrate the critical need to adopt a broader, more holistic approach in tackling IPV and SV by also addressing socioeconomic issues such as poverty and marginalization.
A novel risk score model based on five angiogenesis-related long non-coding RNAs for bladder urothelial carcinoma
Authors: Li Xinyuan , Zhang Chunlin , Peng Xiang , Li Yang , Chen Guo , Gou Xin , Zhou Xiang , Ma Chao
Published: February 2022

Background
Tumour angiogenesis is an independent risk factor for bladder urothelial carcinoma (BUC) progression, but viable and promising antiangiogenic targets are understudied. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported to play significant roles in angiogenesis.
Methods
The clinical data of BUC patients were obtained from TCGA database and clinical specimens of 138 BUC patients. Angiogenesis-related long non-coding RNAs (ARLNRs) were extracted from The Molecular Signatures Database v4.0. Univariate and multivariate COX regression analyses were used to further identify survival-related ARLNRs (sARLNRs). A chain of techniques (FACS, western blotting, qPCR, immunohistochemistry, tube formation, migration and invasion assays) and co-culture models were utilized to validate the clinical significances and angiogenetic correlation of sARLNRs.
Results
Five sARLNRs were employed to establish angiogenesis-related risk score model, by which the patients in the low-risk group obtained longer overall survival than those in the high-risk group. Two sARLNRa in the risk score model (AC005625.1 and AC008760.1) expressed lower in BUC cell lines and tumour tissues than that in normal urothelial cells and adjacent normal tissues, with further lower expression in more advanced T stages. More importantly, the expression of AC005625.1 and AC008760.1 expression was negatively related to endothelial cells (ECs) percentage, tumour size and muscle invasion status. A prominently higher proportion of ECs was detected in tumour tissues with lower expression of AC005625.1 and AC008760.1. Furthermore, in the co-culture model of T24 cells and HUVEC cells, knockdown of AC005625.1 and AC008760.1 in BUC cells increased tube formation, migration and invasion abilities of HUVEC cells. The expression levels of CD31, VEGF-A, VIMENTIN and N-CADHERIN were also enhanced in HUVEC cells co-cultured with siR-AC005625.1 and siR-AC008760.1-treated T24 cells.
Conclusion
In the study, we identify five sARLNRs and validate their clinical significances, angiogenesis correlation and prognosis-predictive values in BUC. These results may provide a new perspective and some promising antiangiogenic targets for clinical diagnosis and treatment strategies of BUC.
An Investigation into Religious Awareness as a Crucial Factor in Adherence to COVID-19 Medical Directives in Palestine
Authors: Saeedi Munther , Al-Othman Nihad , Rabayaa Maha , Dwaikat Saeed
Published: February 2022

Background: Coping with the pandemic caused by the SARS-COV- 2 has been a global challenge. To this end, several measures have been adopted to control the transmission of the disease and to ensure public safety. One factor that has greatly affected the community's behaviors, attitudes, and practices in Palestine has been religious beliefs.Aim: This study aims to investigate the role of religion as a factor in adherence to the COVID-19 medical directives in Palestine. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was performed from August to October 2021. In this study, 1,353 participants were asked to complete a questionnaire that consisted of 20 items that measured the impact of religious beliefs and the role played by religious scholars in the promotion and application of medically-approved health directives and the rectification of COVID-19 related information. The data were analyzed by using SPSS version 22 software.Results: More than 50% of the participants agreed that religion has a positive impact on community adherence to the health instructions in the majority of studied items. The responses were significantly variable based on the age and place of residence in most of the questions (p-value <0.05). However, gender and to a lesser extent, the level of education affected the responses to many research aspects less significantly. Conclusions: Religion could be an effective tool in dealing with challenging health issues such as COVID-19. Intervention programs can be developed based on the community's religious beliefs, attitudes, and practices, to dispel myths regarding the disease and to encourage community commitment and adherence to health directives.
Clinical efficacy of a patient-customized virtual reality auditory and visual system for the alleviation of tinnitus: a clinical trial in patients with chronic subjective tinnitus
Authors: Park Dong Heun , Han Sang Sun , Han Mun Soo , Park Seongbin , Kim Hae Nim , Kim Jiyeon , Aan Hojun , Kim Jimoon , Kim Sungkean , Kim Kibum , Choi June
Published: February 2022

Virtual reality (VR) has recently been used as a clinical treatment because it can efficiently simulate situations that are difficult to control in real-world settings. In our study, we assessed the potential of VR in patients with chronic subjective tinnitus. An evaluation of its clinical benefits was performed based on analyses of patient electroencephalograms (EEGs) and by questionnaire responses after 6–8 weeks of patient involvement in our VR-based alleviation program. Clinical trials were performed at a tertiary academic hospital. Nineteen patients (aged 33–64 years) who visited our hospital with chronic subjective tinnitus over 3 months were enrolled in the study. All patients completed questionnaires to estimate their condition related to tinnitus and underwent EEG scans to evaluate brain activity before and after VR-based tinnitus treatment. The treatment was proceeded with VR game of trashing of the tinnitus avatar in VR. We expected the patients would have the subjective feeling of controlling tinnitus through our cognitive behavior treatment. The VR environment comprised four different sessions in four different settings: a bedroom, a living room, a restaurant, and a city street. We analyzed changes in the source activities of the prefrontal regions related to tinnitus in these patients using standardized low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography. The Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) total score and grade were significantly improved after the VR-based tinnitus treatment program (p < 0.05). The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index also showed improved outcomes (p < 0.05). Compared to the baseline EEG data, brain activity in the orbitofrontal cortex significantly increased in the alpha and theta frequency bands. Furthermore, patients who showed a THI score improvement after the treatment program showed specific increases in brain activity for the theta and high beta bands in the orbitofrontal cortex. Our findings suggest that the virtual reality-based program as a cognitive behavioral treatment helped to alleviate tinnitus in patients with chronic subjective tinnitus.