bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Analysis of Influence of Network Topology on Power Network Reliability Based on OPLC
Authors: Fu Lina
Published: October 2022

Optical fiber to the home (PFTTH) is an access network technology, which uses optical fiber composite low voltage cable (OPLC) to realize the deep integration of the power grid and communication network infrastructure. Key technologies include network structure design and high-speed access technology, PON technology, and the OPLC technology. This paper introduces the key technologies of power fiber-to-home networking and the influence of network topology on the reliability of PFTTH.
Multi-node abnormal data identification in distribution networks based on deep learning
Authors: Li Fuxin , Yang Yingchun , Xu Houdong , Zuo Faxian
Published: October 2022

With the continuous advancement of the construction of the power grid industry, the lean management of the distribution network is also being fully implemented. Due to unstable communications, system defects, equipment failures, and human factors, data center problems such as missing data and abnormal data collection in the process of power grid deployment and deployment are becoming more and more prominent. To improve the quality and availability of abnormal data in transmission networks, this paper proposes a deep learning-based method for identifying abnormal data of multiple nodes in distribution networks. The dual-channel deep CNN network is used to extract the time series power data features, and the abnormal data is corrected by redistributing the power loss of the transmission line by using the balance calculation relationship. Experiments show that the model proposed in this paper improves the detection rate of abnormal data identification and reduces the false alarm rate compared with traditional machine learning and statistical analysis detection methods. In addition, the abnormal data of the grid is checked and corrected to improve the availability of grid data.
Research on the evaluation method for virtual power plant technology promotion and application benefits
Authors: Wang Jun , Li Xinda , Liu Lian , Pan Aiqiang , Jia Dexiang
Published: October 2022

Virtual power plant technology (VPP), by aggregating “source-load-storage” multi-link resource coordination and interaction, has significant benefits in improving energy utilization efficiency and promoting new energy consumption and plays a positive role in the construction of new power systems. And scientific and effective evaluation of its technology popularization and application is an important premise to promote its development. Aiming at the characteristics of VPP technology involving a wide range, of many types of resources, and complex evaluation indicators, this paper introduces a subjective and objective weighting method combining the AHP-entropy weighting method to make up for the shortcomings of a single weighting method. First, combined with the current “dual carbon” strategy and the development of the new situation of “re-electrification”, and comprehensively considering the four aspects of VPP economic benefits, environmental benefits, social benefits, and technology promotion, a comprehensive evaluation index system for VPP technology promotion benefits was constructed. The evaluation method is difficult to meet the considerable evaluation needs. A method combining the subjective and objective methods of the AHP-entropy weight method is established to solve the weight of each index and to realize the scientific evaluation and reasonable quantification of each index. Finally, the national VPP demonstration project is selected.
The research of the side-channel analysis method based on deep learning for trusted platform module
Authors: Wang Zhe , Wang Hui , Yang Yuning , Li Dejian , Zhang Zhe , Wu Tiantian
Published: October 2022

At present, the trusted platform module (TPM) has been widely used in electricity, finance, transportation, and other industries, and its security has attracted much attention. The research on the side-channel attack (SCA) can be conducive to improving the security design technology of trusted platform modules. The side channel attack on the trusted platform module is studied from the initial differential power analysis (DPA) to the machine learning method. This paper introduces the deep learning techniques in SCA and proposes a new SCA technique based on deep learning. Firstly, on basis of the characteristics of SCA on TPM, we improve the convolutional neural network (CNN) models, including ResNet, VGG, and Google Net. Then, for the SM4 cipher implemented with and without countermeasures, we implement some attack experiments by exploiting the SCA based on various deep learning models and compare the experimental results with the DPA attack. The experiment results show that under the same circumstance, the SCA based on the deep learning method is more effective. We compare the effects of different CNN models and hyper-parameters to provide the basis and data for further research.
Recognizing the equity implications of restoration priority maps
Authors: Schultz Bill , Brockington Dan , Coleman Eric A , Djenontin Ida , Fischer Harry W , Fleischman Forrest , Kashwan Prakash , Marquardt Kristina , Pfeifer Marion , Pritchard Rose , Ramprasad Vijay
Published: October 2022

A growing number of studies seek to identify global priority areas for conservation and restoration. These studies often produce maps that highlight the benefits of concentrating such activity in the tropics. However, the potential equity implications of using these prioritization exercises to guide global policy are less often explored and articulated. We highlight those equity issues by examining a widely publicized restoration priority map as an illustrative case. This map is based on a prioritization analysis that sought to identify places where restoration of agricultural land might provide the greatest biodiversity and carbon sequestration benefits at the lowest cost. First, we calculate the proportion of agricultural land in countries around the world that the map classifies as a top 15% restoration priority. A regression analysis shows that this map prioritizes restoration in countries where displacing agriculture may be most detrimental to livelihoods: countries that are poorer, more populated, more economically unequal, less food secure, and that employ more people in agriculture. Second, we show through another regression analysis that a similar pattern appears sub-nationally within the tropics: 5 km × 5 km parcels of land in the tropics that are less economically developed or more populated are more likely to be top 15% restoration priorities. In other words, equity concerns persist at a subnational scale even after putting aside comparisons between the tropics and the Global North. Restorative activity may be beneficial or harmful to local livelihoods depending on its conceptualization, implementation, and management. Our findings underline a need for prioritization exercises to better attend to the risks of concentrating potentially negative livelihood impacts in vulnerable regions. We join other scholars calling for greater integration of social data into restoration science.
Structural and electrical properties of bismuth sodium titanate ceramic
Authors: Kuanar B L , Mohanty H S , Dalai B , Behera D
Published: October 2022

Single-phase lead-free Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3 (BNT) perovskite ferroelectric ceramic was produced using a solid-state reaction method. A detailed investigation of the structural and electrical properties of BNT ceramic is conferred. According to phase analysis employing Rietveld refined X-Ray diffraction, the crystal structure is single phase with rhombohedral (R3C) symmetry. Raman spectra measurement also confirms the rhombohedral structure of BNT by originating numerous peaks from the TiO6 octahedron. The ferroelectric character of the BNT sample was established by a hysteresis loop measurement of polarisation vs electric field (P-E). The remnant polarisation (Pr) and coercive field (Ec) have characteristic values of 1.63 μC/cm2 and 29.91 kV/cm, respectively. The ferroelectric phase change is seen in the temperature-dependent dielectric research, with a transition temperature of 323°C. The compound possessed a low value of tanδ even at a high temperature (500°C) at 1 MHz. The prepared sample exhibited excellent dielectric characteristics from room temperature to high temperatures, making it ideal for various applications.
Synthesis, structural and optical properties of colloidal 2D organometal halide (C12H25-NH3)2PbI4 nanoparticles
Authors: Dehury Kshetra Mohan , Prakash G. Vijaya
Published: October 2022

The self-assembled IO hybrid semiconductors have been widely explored due to their unique characteristics of the formation of different dimensionalities crystal structural packing. The room temperature Mott-type excitons are formed as a result of quantum confinement and dielectric contrast effects. The excited free electron and hole bound together through strong coulomb interaction which is known as excitons and the excitons energy levels are present slightly below the conduction band. The large dielectric constant of extended inorganic network structure reduces the strong coulomb interaction between the excited free electron and holes known as Mott-type excitons. The Mott-type excitons has larger Bohr radius (30-100 A°) as compared to lattice spacing and having binding energies~10-30 meV. The different crystal structural packing are formed due to the structural reorganization of organic moiety (based on shape, size and position of amine group) within the extended inorganic layered structure. A systematic study of synthesis, structural and optical properties of 2D [(C12H25-NH3)2PbI4] nanoparticles are discussed and presented.
Structural, morphological and optical attributes of ZnO thin films deposited via spray pyrolysis process: Impact of molarity variation
Authors: Nikam S V , Jadhav B T , Chivate S M , Nikam S M , Mujawar S H , Torane A P
Published: October 2022

Undoped thin films of ZnO were prepared over glass substrates using a simple chemical spray pyrolysis process. The solution of aqueous ‘Zinc acetate dehydrate’ was used as precursor and sprayed over preheated glass substrate at 400 °C. The concentration of solution changed from 0.2M to 1 M with the step of 0.2 and its impact on structural, morphological and optical properties has been studied with the help of XRD, SEM, UV-Vis Spectroscopy and four-probe technique. The films are polycrystallines, have a hexagonal wurtzite structures, and have a preferred orientation in the (002) plane. SEM analysis indicates the dependency of film morphology on precursor concentration. Optical Transmittance decreases with increasing precursor concentration. Maximum optical transmittance reaches up to 51% with film obtained from 0.2M concentration. Decreasing band gap values from 3.18 eV to 3.04 eV are noted as carrier concentration increases with precursor concentration.
Effect of Diethylenetriamine on Mechanical and Electrical Properties of Epoxidized Natural Rubber Thin Films
Authors: Phatcharasit K , Sittiruk T
Published: October 2022

A novel thin film material was fabricated from epoxidized natural rubber latex (ENRL) and chemicals for rubber. The effects of different diethylenetriamine (DETA) contents filled composition on ENRL compounds were investigated on mechanical properties, such tensile strength, water absorption dielectric properties and morphology analysis. The method ENRL thin films were prepared by using solution casting technique and diethylenetriamine as a hardener. The optimal diethylenetriamine content was found to be 6 phr which demonstrated the highest tensile strength due to crosslinking between the epoxy molecules and the water absorption of thin film of increased with the increase of diethylenetriamine content due to the highly porous and hydroxyl groups in the structure. Furthermore, dielectric properties increased with the diethylenetriamine content, it is shown that the conductivity of DETA without supporting electrolyte was very low. The phase morphology of homogeneous compatibility in ENRL phase can be regulated by the crosslinking degree of ENRL and DETA.
Numerical Investigation on Vortex-Induced Vibration over Circular Cylinder to be used for Energy Harvesting Application
Authors: Chandrakant Sonawane , Chowdhury Naina , Rajhans Mehul , Chaitanya Movva Sai , Sarkar Eshan , Kulkarni Atul , Pandey Anand
Published: October 2022

Renewable energy is energy generated through inexhaustible processing resources, like sunlight, wind, etc. Existing and popular wind energy harvesting technology is wind turbine farms that have very high installation costs and demand strong wind flow to deliver sufficient power. Thus, wind energy generation based on the vortex-induced vibration-based energy harvester has become a more popular field of interest for many researchers. The vortex shedding produced by the unsteady incompressible flow over a bluff body has been used to excite the piezoelectric plate, generating electricity by its vibration. Hence generating an optimised vortex shedding and obtaining the optimised oscillation frequency. This paper investigates the computational fluid dynamics-based flow analysis over a smooth cylinder carrying a plate. The Reynolds number, Re, is 100 used for unsteady incompressible flow and the plate density ratio is varied from 5 – 40. The variation in lift and drag forces and frequency of vibration, and maximum vibration amplitude achieved by the piezoelectric plate is observed and determined. The results presented here help design a better and more efficient vortex-induced energy harvester.
Machinability Studies on Hybrid Aluminum Metal Matrix Composites
Authors: Shrinivasa D , Prakash G V Naveen
Published: October 2022

Hybrid metal matrix composites are new invention in material science and Engineering. The hybrid metal matrix composites (Hybrid MMC’s) generally consist of two or more reinforcements in it. These hybrid MMC’s have several benefits over the single reinforcement. The presence of reinforcements in it exhibits improved mechanical, tribological and machinability properties. Aluminium-based MMC’s have made attention in recent years as engineering materials. But in some Aluminium-based MMC’s the use of single reinforcement may sometimes lead to weakening in its physical properties. Conversely, to overcome the problem of single reinforced composites, the idea of the use of two different types of reinforcements is being explored in the Aluminium matrix. In the hybrid MMC’s, generally one of the reinforcements will be a hard phase and the other reinforcement being a soft lubricating phase. Hard reinforcements such as TiO2, Al2O3, SiC, etc. will improve the hardness and abrasive wear resistance of Aluminium but it has a negative effect on the machinability of Aluminium. To balance these effects, reinforcements like graphite which is a solid lubricant can be dispersed in Aluminium along with hard reinforcements. In the present study, the paper reviews on the effect of processing techniques, effect of reinforcement and effect of machining parameters on the machinability of hybrid aluminium metal matrix composites.
Effect of additional heating on corrosion of dissimilar friction stir welded aluminum alloys
Authors: Raturi M , Bhattacharya A
Published: October 2022

In the present work, aluminum alloys AA2014-T6, AA6061-T6 and AA7075-T651 are used to fabricate two different dissimilar friction stir welds of AA6061-AA7075, and AA6061-AA2014 using a threaded tool pin with three flat faces at tool rotational speed of 1200 rpm, weld speed 98 mm/min and employing additional secondary heating. Additional heating is provided using butane gas torch which principally expedites better material mixing supplementarily resulted in increased corrosion resistance. The higher working temperature provides steeper cooling rates necessary for grain refinement and additional breakdown or dissolution of corrosion susceptible particulates. The joints fabricated sustained corrosive environments for adequate duration and ultimate tensile strength of the joints are retained after 14 days of immersion in corrosive saline solution. AA6061 experienced pitting as well as intergranular corrosion, AA2014 shows pitting and AA7075 exhibited exfoliation corrosion. The fracture morphology shows substantial size dimples indicating the loss in ductility for all the joints due to the after effects of heating.
Manufacturing process planning in aerospace systems
Authors: Subramanya N , Kumar A R Satheesh , Yadav Vikas , Venkatesh R K
Published: October 2022

Process planning is a task comprising a broad range of activities to design and develop an appropriate manufacturing process for producing a part. Interpretation of the part design, selection of manufacturing processes, definition of operations, operation sequences, machining datums, geometrical dimensions and tolerances are some common activities associated with the task. Manufacturing process planning can be defined as systematic determination of detailed methods by which work pieces or parts can be manufactured economically and competitively from raw material stage to final finished size. Geometrical features, dimensional sizes, tolerances, materials, and finishes, are analyzed evaluated to determine appropriate sequence of processing operations, which are based on specific, available resources viz machinery and manpower. Inputs to process planning are designing data, raw material data, resource data (machining data, tooling data, fixture data etc), quality requirement data, production type data etc. The output of a process planning is a process document which is an important document in production management. The paper mainly discusses about production planning and control of metallic manufacturing activities in an aerospace Research and Development (R&D) industry, main emphasis on manufacturing process planning. The general process planning methodology adopted in an aircraft industry is discussed. Elements and Functions of process planning, model of process planning, main mission of process planning, the interaction of processes and its process performance indices are discussed and presented. Importance of manufacturing process planning in an aerospace R&D industry is debated. Also, a case study of process planning adopted for manufacturing of a critical Aircraft system component is discussed.
Review on Corrosion studies of Heat Treated Al-Si Alloy
Authors: Sanath M N , Nihal C L , Prabhuling  , Shivaprasad P M , Puneeth H.V , Srinath M K
Published: October 2022

Heat-treated Al-Si alloys are widely used in the automotive, military, marine, electrical, food and chemical industries. This alloy exhibits high-strength properties used in corrosion-resistant homes. However, this alloy has low mechanical properties and a large granular structure when cast. The properties of aluminium alloys depend primarily on the microstructure. It is very important to achieve a smooth structure. The formation of fine and equivalent grains depends primarily on the amount of hardening, the addition of basic alloys (grain cleaners), the mixing and processing of alloys. Aluminium alloys are an important component of light metals used in industry. Al-Si alloys are essential for automotive, aerospace, marine and engineering applications. Al-Si alloys have excellent physical and mechanical properties. These alloys offer low weight, excellent corrosion resistance, easy machining, heat treatment, excellent casting ability and excellent machining performance. The mechanical properties of these alloys depend primarily on the size, shape and distribution of Si and Al particles. Al-Si alloy produces coarse α-Al dendrites and shark eutectic silicon. Fine structures are known to provide good mechanical properties and reduce casting defects. During the casting process, a fine-grained structure can be obtained by adding a lower alloy to the melt.
Predicting Melt-Crystal Interface Position and Shape during the Manufacturing Process of Single Crystal via Explainable Machine Learning Models
Authors: Zhang Chang , Cheng Qisen
Published: October 2022

In recent years, employing machine learning models to predict the process parameters during the manufacturing process of single crystals has gained wide attention as it’s reliable and much faster than traditional numerical simulation approaches. However, most machine learning models used in previous studies are black box models, which don’t provide explainable results. In this paper, we present a feasibility study of applying explainable machine learning models to predict steady-state melt-crystal interface position and deflection with the set-point temperature of 5 heaters in a vertical Bridgman furnace. The dataset used to train and evaluate the machine learning models was generated by 2-D numerical simulation. We experimented with linear regression and random forest algorithms, and then used linear regression coefficient and SHAP value to quantify the impact of each input on the output, from which we inferred a heater control strategy that could potentially improve the crystal growth process. Our encouraging results show that explainable machine learning models can be applied to predict crystal growth process parameters in real-time and generate actionable insights to guide crystal manufacturing practice.
Investigation of surface roughness in multi point incremental sheet metal forming
Authors: Shafeek M , Namboothiri V N Narayanan , Raju C
Published: October 2022

Surface quality is one of the key parameters in Multipoint Incremental Sheet forming (MPIF). This work focuses on finding the factors influencing surface quality in MPIF. Three different parameters namely speed, feed and step depth are considered for the study. The effects of the above input variables on surface quality was investigated by Taguchi’s design of experiments and finally the optimum input parameters combination for minimum surface roughness is found. The most influencing parameter is found to be step depth followed by speed and feed. The findings were validated by a confirmation test.
Investigations on fracture characteristics of Aluminium 6082-T6 alloy by Using Single Edge Notch Bending
Authors: Tippeswamy M S , Arun K V , Naik Shankar
Published: October 2022

Aluminium 6082-T6 is a structural alloy having high strength has seen replacing 6061 alloy in engineering applications. During manufacturing process geometric discontinuities are inevitable. The presence of notch in the component is more dangerous. In this paper, the influence of notch length on miniature fracture characteristics of aluminium 6082-T6 alloy has been studied. Experiment was carried in accordance with ASTM standard and specimens were tested by varying the notch length within the specified constraint. Single edge notch bending test was performed on each of specimens under mode-I condition. Results showed that the specimen with minimum notch length has high crack tip initial instability, further increase in the notch length leads to decrease the load carrying capacity, extended portion of crack length and nature of fracture. On experimental observation, plastic zone size near the end of the cut is majorly dependent on notch length of the specimen. The fractured surface analysis also carried on selected specimen with the help of scanning electron microscope. Overall results shows that crack growth and crack propagation vary as a function of notch length and is different in each of the specimens.
A Comprehensive review on the current trends in Micro-Phasor Measurement Units
Authors: Ravi Adhitya , Saranathan Madhusudan , Achuthan Pa Hari Krishna , Lavanya M.C. , Rajini V.
Published: October 2022

Micro-Phasor Measurement Units are invaluable data sources that improve visibility in a variety of domains of application, including power generation, transmission, and distribution. It started out with the objective of acquiring phasor values at specific points across the network and synchronizing them to a standard time frame. The technology has evolved into an all-encompassing unit with applications in the fields of protection, control, and automation. In light of the fact that these units are now being used as a standard benchmark, it is imperative that they be improved. This study presents a comprehensive review into the world of Synchro-Phasor technology, covering all aspects of the production of μPMUs and their role in the modern power system. In addition, the current deployment status of this technology has also been discussed to further emphasize its emergence.
CLCLP: Overlapping Community Detection in Networks Using a Combination of Link Community and Label Propagation Algorithm
Authors: Jayaprakash R
Published: October 2022

Overlapping Community Detection is a tremendous method for accepting a crucial shape and complicated network software. As of overlapping communities descriptions of real-world networks must subsist quantified for community identification, this research suggested a method for discovering overlapping communities termed the Combination of Link Community with Label Propagation (CLCLP) algorithm. CLCLP converts a node separation issue into a link division issue because of its simplicity and competency of the label propagation technique, an improved label propagation algorithm that prioritizes connections over nodes to perceive communities has been developed. The proposed CLCLP then employs post-processing to develop discovered overlapping communities by removing over-overlapping and inaccurate fragile secures partitions. When tested on a large scale of synthetic and real-world networks, the proposed CLCLP approach attains good precision (i.e., accuracy) and NMI (Normalized Mutual Information) in recognizing overlapping communities in networks
PV Powered Neural Network Based SEPIC Converter Fed BLDC for Consumer Application
Authors: Infant Vinoth C. , Ravichandran C.S.
Published: October 2022

The goal of this study is to investigate the utilization of a SEPIC in PV array-fed consumer applications. In order to run a centrifugal pump, a BLDC motor must be employed. It is possible to soften the start of a BLDC motor by using the INC-MPPT approach, which uses the SEPIC for management. As an added advantage, the SEPIC can adjust the input voltage level at its output when used as a DC-DC buck-boost converter. An SPV array may be optimised at any voltage level, independent of the voltage level being utilised, thanks to this feature. Through the use of simulated results created in the MATLAB programme, the dynamic and steady state performance of a BLDC motor linked to a centrifugal water pump powered by a PV array-SEPIC is analysed and confirmed in this study.
Bending Assessment and On-body Investigation of a Textile Antenna for Body-Centric Wireless Communication Applications
Authors: Sandeep D Ram , Khan Habibulla , Madhav B T P , Gayathri M , Priyatham A Kalyana , Nikhilvarma M , Kumar S Chandra Sekhar , Salma S
Published: October 2022

This article presents the design and investigation of a textile-based antenna for body wireless communication applications. The Christmas tree structure inspired the antenna design, and a staircase-like defective ground element supported it. The antenna is tiny with a footprint of 30×20×1 mm3 and is developed on polyester fabric. This material has good grades of flexibility and has the most negligible affinity to moisture, so it was chosen as a suitable substrate for the developed wearable antenna. The radiating elements and grounds conductivity is actualised using the adhesive conductive copper tape. The propounded antenna operates in a treble band of Telemetry, Industrial Scientific and Medical (ISM), and X-band at 4.5, 5.8, and 8 GHz frequencies. The developed textile antenna is intended for body applications, so it was methodically examined by bending it at various vertical and horizontal bending angles. This analysis shows that the antenna’s resonating frequencies are not substantially varied in the vertical and horizontal bending aspects. The antennas on body performance were also examined by placing the prototype directly on the subject’s skin. These results confirm the developed antennas’ applicability for body wireless communication applications.
Hybrid Multi-Level Source Inverter Design and Validation in Solar Photo-voltaic Renewable Energy System
Authors: Thirumalini P , Murali M , Arulmozhiyal R
Published: October 2022

This paper proposes the hybrid multi-level source inverter in light of staggered coordinated framework for boosting photo voltaic power. Hybrid multi-level inverter (MLI) proposed to design less number of switches compare with other MLIs of diode clamped multi-level inverter, the smallest number of switches are required to accomplish the highest steps in staircase AC output voltage. HMLIs additionally include variable info voltage and carries out load guideline to keep up with consistent result voltage. The HMLIS intends to operate in multiple stages during shoot through stage exchanging beat width (PWM) adjustment keeps up with to work in buck and lift mode. The activity of proposed work implemented in MATLAB and discuss effectiveness with diminished sounds took care of inverter operation. Model of converter is planned and accomplished the most extreme effectiveness of 95.4% as information voltage goes from 10-60 volts and result of half breed staggered source inverter keeps up with steady of 230v dc. Trial results approve the exhibition of proposed half and half staggered source inverter for exchanged mode power supplies utilized in PC.
Accurate and High Speed Garbage Detection and Collection Technique using Neural Network and Machine Learning
Authors: Usha S M , Mahesh H B
Published: October 2022

Due to the increasing development of cities’ populations, which has resulted in massive garbage output, waste management systems in urban areas are confronting issues. The ravage of possessions can be employed powerfully with the incorporation of the internet of things (IoT), TensorFlow based deep learning model, as conventional ravage managing system are extremely uneconomical. The major goal of this study is to create a smart waste management system based on a deep learning model that optimizes trash isolation and allows for bin status monitoring in an IoT context. Yolo real time object detection algorithm is employed and educated with a dataset that includes paper, cardboard, glass, metal, and plastic for garbage sorting and grouping. Yolo algorithm enhances the detection speed and yields precise findings with low background noise. Yolo uses convolutional neural network to detect the object. The camera module detects garbage and the servomotor linked to a plastic board, categorizes the waste into the appropriate waste cubicle using the educated model on TensorFlow Lite and Raspberry Pi 4. The garbage fill is monitored by an ultrasonic sensor, and the latitude and longitude are obtained in real time by a GPS module. The smart bin’s LoRa module transmits the bin’s status to the LoRa receiver at 915 MHz. The smart bin’s electronic mechanisms are safeguarded by an RFID-based locker that can only be opened with a registered RFID badge for maintenance or upgrades. This work is framed out of the technologies such as Robotics, neural network, Internet of Things and deep learning algorithm. The garbage detection system is more precise and faster than the other existing methods. The YOLO algorithm can predict objects in real time, which speeds up detection. It’s a prediction method that produces exact results with little background noise. The algorithm has outstanding learning capabilities, allowing it to learn and apply object representations to object detection.
Design and Implementation of Bridgeless AC/DC PFC Sepic Converter with Valley-Fill Circuit
Authors: Praba B Lakshmi , Seyezhai R
Published: October 2022

The continuous requirement to improve power quality has motivated the proposal of several PFC circuit topologies. The conventional AC/DC SEPIC has increased conduction loss due to the presence of bridge rectifier. In order to reduce the conduction loss and to improve the efficiency this research work deals with a bridgeless SEPIC (single ended primary inductance converter) AC/DC PFC integrated valley-fill circuit (VFC). The number of components is reduced compared to the existing topologies. The bridgeless topology results in reduced conduction loss, reduced current stress and improved system performance compared with the traditional SEPIC and the existing topologies. The circuit configuration of the suggested topology has been simulated using MATLAB/SIMULINK. The functional parameters of the projected AC/DC integrated VFC is compared with the conventional SEPIC (Con-SEPIC), con-SEPIC integrated VFC and bridgeless SEPIC in terms of passive component count, output voltage ripple, input current ripple, supply power factor, Total Harmonic Distortion. From the simulation outcomes, it is concluded that the bridgeless topology provides high power factor, reduced ripple and reduced supply current harmonics. The results are validated.
Tversky Similarity based Deep Neural Learning Classification for Engineering Alloys
Authors: Raja P M Siva , Vidhya S , Sumithra R.P. , Ramanan K
Published: October 2022

Integrated Computational Materials Engineering (ICME) is an environment friendly technique used for performing cloth discovery and design. Computational methods introduced a new deep studying classification approach to display screen the candidate cloth designs. During the product designing stage, the ingredients are customised to meet particular needs. In ICME processes, there is always a degree of uncertainty in the process, structure, and property components. Uncertainties may be quantified, reduced, and propagated via structure–property links using the Tversky Similarity based Deep Neural Learning Classification (TS-DNLC) Method. In TS-DNLC Method, number of compound data are considered as input and given to the input layer. An input compound data is given to hidden layer 1. In that layer, regression is employed for performing the compound data analysis with structure–property linkages. After that, the regression coefficient value is sent to the hidden layer 2. In that layer, Tversky similarity function is used to identify the similarity between the regression coefficient value of training compound data and threshold value. Tversky similarity value varies from 0 to 1 and the results are transmitted to the output layer. By this way, TS-DNLC Method improves the performance of structure–property linkages. The computational cost of proposed TS-DNLC Method is higher than conventional uncertainty quantification.
Electronic transport properties of atomic wires on monolayers
Authors: Yadav K S , Srivastava A K , Behera N , Bhadoria B S , Saxena S
Published: October 2022

In recent years, several scientific organizations have focused on the electrical characteristics of atomic wires on monolayers. The usage of MoS2 in many technologies requires contacts between metallic atomic wires and MoS2. Using first-principles density functional theory, we investigate the interaction of a variety of metallic atomic wires on MoS2, including Al and Pt. The electronic properties of atomic wire sandwiches containing MoS2 monolayers such as aluminium (Al) and platinum (Pt) have been thoroughly investigated using density functional theory calculations. Despite significant lattice deformation, structural investigations show that all sandwich systems almost maintain the original MoS2 structure type. By inserting flat impurity bands within the band gap, the electronic transport property is improved. The electrical structure of the system reveals the binding processes and trends in binding energy. On MoS2, we show that monitoring monomer adhesion energy and mobility on the substrate may be used to predict metal nanoparticle growth morphologies. The indirect bandgap of layered atomic wires sandwiched with MoS2 becomes a direct band gap in the visible spectrum, making them appropriate for optoelectronics devices.
Survey and analysis long term deflection of cantilever bridge in Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Duy Tien , Nguyen Xuan Tung , Ngo Van Minh
Published: October 2022

The deflection and camber of bridge, especially of the box girder bridge as well as their effected factors have been important research topics since the end of the last century. In Vietnam, the box girder bridge constructed by cantilever method had been introduced since the 1990s and become popular in the last twenty years. After more than two decades of exploitation, these bridges face various problems such as over deflection, cracks... To clarify the actual deflection of the cantilevered box girder bridge and the effected factors such as creep and shinkage, the survey of long-term deflection of such box girder bridge (Hung Ha bridge) has been carried out and compare with the numerical analysis. The results show the significant effect of creep and shinkage to the long-term deflection of the cantilevered box girder bridge.
Seashells to lime: swotting of a vernacular method and needs for revival
Authors: Nair Haritha B , Tom Binumol
Published: October 2022

Lime is the versatile mineral. Various forms of lime are used in environmental, metallurgical, construction, chemical/industrial applications, and more. It has been used for masonry mortars and plastering for centuries. Lime is usually obtained from lime stone. Places like Kerala where lime stone is scarce, lime is majorly obtained from seashells so they developed their own traditional method to extract lime. Shell lime was one of the major components in construction of most of the houses, temples, bridges, dams etc. in Kerala during the earlier days. People used shell lime not only as a replacement to cement but also as a plastering agent which helps to reduce temperature in the interiors. This dissertation is retrospection into the vernacular method of making lime mortar from seashells by visiting the workspace. The study also intends to analyse the challenges faced by this method and provide with necessary recommendations.
Tunable Reflection Properties and Photonic Bandgap Behavior of a One-Dimensional Metamaterial-Superconductor-Based Ternary Photonic Crystal
Authors: Pandey Girijesh Narayan , Kumar Narendra , Singh Pawan , Thapa K. B. , Sonika  , Singhania Vanshika
Published: October 2022

In the present communication, we have investigated the tunable reflection properties and photonic bandgap variation of a one-dimensional metamaterial and superconductor based ternary photonic crystal. To design the 1D ternary photonic crystal, we have taken three alternate layers of metamaterial, superconductor (BSSCO), and silica (SiO2). Transfer matrix method (TMM) is employed to determine the optical reflection properties of the considered 1DPC for TE-mode by varying five parameters, viz. incident angle, superconductor temperature, thickness and refractive index of dielectric layer, and number of unit cells. It is noted that the ternary PC exhibits the features of tunable narrow band reflector, whose width increases with increase in the incident angle with a blue shift, and decreases with operating temperature of superconductor with red shift. It also enhances with increase in the dielectric layer thickness in low frequency region, and decreases in high frequency regime with red shifts. We obtain only one PBG at n3=1.46 in low frequency regime, while with increase in the refractive index multiple gaps are obtained in different frequency regions having distinct widths at n3=2.4 and 3.4. An increase in the number of unit cells causes increase in the reflectance, wherein no PBG is found below N=8. This analysis gives some insights to design tunable devices based on narrowband reflectivity in the terahertz frequency regime, including THz-metadevices, emitters, thermo-optical devices, and security sensors.
Theoretical modelling of Au and Ag hollow cylinders for high resolution refractive index sensing of bio-analytes and gases
Authors: Mohan Devika , Simitha S , Thomas Vibin Ipe , Jacob Jesly
Published: October 2022

A highly sensitive yet simple plasmonic refractive index (RI) sensor consisting of Au trimer hollow nanocylinders surrounded by an Ag hollow nanocylinder is proposed with a wide range of applications in the near IR range. The plasmonic behaviour of the structure is studied by analysing the absorption cross-section on illumination by electromagnetic (EM) wave using the finite element method (FEM). Nanoscale detections can be realized by using the shift in resonance wavelength of localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) in response to the change in RI. The optimized RI sensor gives a maximum sensitivity of 2545.4 nm/RIU, figure of merit (FOM) of 43.90 RIU−1 and sensor resolution of the order of 10−5 RIU. The proposed sensor can detect even small variations in RI of the order of 10−5 RIU with a sensitivity of 1998 nm/RIU. With the observed high sensitivity, resolution and quality, the sensor can contribute a lot to health-care applications and is found highly suitable for multiple detections covering broad range of RI including bio-analytes, chemicals, and gases.
Structural and photoluminescence properties of europium oxide doped fluoroborate optical glasses
Authors: Naik Z Tirupal , Rudramadevi B Hemalatha
Published: October 2022

A sequence of zinc-magnesium-lithium-fluoroborate (ZMLB) optical glasses doped with different Eu3+ concentrations were synthesized through melt quenching technique. The non-crystalline characteristic of the synthesized glasses was proved by X-ray diffraction studies and the FT-IR transmittance spectra have been used to study the various vibrational bands in glass systems. The photoluminescence characteristics were studied under an excitation with 393 nm and it exhibits four emission peaks around at 590, 615, 654 and 700 nm assigned to 5D0→7F1, 5D0→7F2, 5D0→7F3 and 5D0→7F4 electronic transitions of Eu3+ ion, respectively. Color chromaticity values were estimated from luminescence spectra for all the synthesized samples and these parameters indicate the emission in red color region and cold light emission. All these results suggest that the Eu3+ ions doped ZMLB glasses are a potential candidate for red light generation at 615 nm to explore the new material for solid state light emitting diode applications.
Cadmium sulphide nanoparticles from Cadmium (II) complex of (Cyclododecylidineamino)thiourea
Authors: George Jisha , Lekha V S , Rathika Nath G , Rajesh K.
Published: October 2022

Novel ligand (Cyclododecylidineamino)thiourea (CDDATU) and its Cadmium (II) complex were synthesized and characterized by IR, CHNS and Thermo gravimetric analysis.The complex was found to give highly crystalline, good quality, mono-dispersed Cadmium sulphide nanoparticles through polyol synthesis method using Glycerol as high boiling solvent. Characterization of Cadmium sulphide nanoparticles were done using SEM, EDX, TEM, UV, PL and PXRD studies.
Structural and optical studies of doped potassium-sodium niobate ceramics
Authors: Thrivikraman V T , Sudheendran K
Published: October 2022

In the fields of sensors, actuators and ultrasonic gadgets, piezoelectric ceramics based on lead free KNN(1-8) had been brought due to the development in overall performance. The KNN based substances have the gain of low dielectric constants, excessive coupling coefficient and excessive mechanical electricity than lead containing ceramics that cause them to appropriate for excessive frequency transducers. The traits of KNN may be changed through appropriate dopants. (11).Here we use Bi3+ to dop with KNN to change the properties. Structural determinations of all studied solid solutions are completed through XRD and photoluminescence research had been achieved through the usage of spectrophotometer. Optical spectroscopy evaluation has been accomplished for every solid solution. Doping KNN with Bi3+ at concentrations of 0.5 wt%, 1 wt % and 1.5wt%, respectively, improves the optical properties
Novel Intense Red Emitting Eu3+ Doped CePO4 Nanocrystals for Solid State Lighting Applications
Authors: Sisira S , Mani K P , Punathil P , Jacob L A , Baby B , Biju P R , Unnikrishnan N V , Joseph C
Published: October 2022

Novel red emitting europium doped Cerium phosphate nanocrystals were synthesized by microwave assisted sol gel method. X-ray powder diffraction analysis identified the monoclinic structure of synthesized samples. The morphology of the samples were found to beconstructed from elongated spheres and is explained with the help of TEM analysis. Intense orange red emission on excitation with Ce4+ - O2-charge transfer band is established by photoluminescence analysis. The effect of annealing on the efficiency of excitation with Ce4+ - O2-charge transfer band is demonstrated and is explained in association with the concentration of surface Ce4+. Chromaticity coordinates indicate good colour purity of the sample. All the results indicated that microwave assisted method is suitable for synthesizing red emitting CePO4:Eu phosphors and become a potential candidate for optoelectronic and biological applications.
Chemical bath deposited Nickel oxide thin film as electrode material for pseudocapacitors
Authors: Sathyan T V , Thomas Nygil , Thomas Jasmine , Deepa K. , Remadevi T L
Published: October 2022

We have synthesized thin films of nickel oxide (NiO) on silver and glass substrates, at very low temperature of 60°C, by chemical bath deposition (CBD) method. The precursor used consists of nickel nitrate and aqueous ammonia. Structural characteristics were studied using x-ray diffraction (XRD) and morphological studies were done using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy was used for optical studies. To investigate electrochemical behaviour of thin film electrode materials, cyclic voltammetry (CV) measurements were conducted. For electrochemical studies the galvanostatic charge/discharge (GCD) tests were also conducted. The formation of face centred cubic NiO structure was confirmed using XRD. The scanning electron microscopy images show uniform distribution of worm-like porous morphology. CV measurements revealed the capacitive behaviour of the films.
Doped poly 3-methylthiophene device exhibits negative-differential resistance
Authors: Shanbogh Shobith M , Anjaneyulu P
Published: October 2022

Poly 3-methylthiophene (P3MT) polymer is electrochemically deposited on stainless steel substrate and a sandwich device structure (SS/P3MT/Ag) is realized by placing a top metal contact to fabricate a two-terminal device. The polymer is first doped with

PF
6
−

&

ClO
4
−

dopants and then de-doped for 30 seconds. The current-voltage (I-V) measurement is carried out on a de-doped P3MT device to probe the charge-transport and negative-differential resistance (NDR). In the present experiment, NDR and Charge transport mechanism varies with the dopant. The magnitude of NDR, i.e., peak-valley current (PVCR) depends on the voltage swept and dopants. We propose the reason for anomaly NDR is dopant-induced trap-states.
Low Temperature Thermal Properties of Al2O3
Authors: Vinu T P
Published: October 2022

There are three Second Order Elastic Constants and six Third Order Elastic Constants for Al2O3 system. We calculate all the second and third Elastic Constants using Strain Elasticity theory. At standard temperature, the thermal properties of Al2O3 are theoretically analyzed. Grüneisen Parameters of the elastic waves at different angles of Al2O3 are evaluated using the elastic constants. The Brugger Gamma and normal-temperature Grüneisen Gamma are calculated by the method adopted by Menon and Ramji Rao. The volume expansion for Al2O3 system is positive since the normal-temperature value of Grüneisen Gamma is positive.