bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Selection of effective methods of increasing oil recovery in dealed fields based on retrospective analysis
Authors: Doroshenko Volodymyr , Titlov Oleksandr
Published: December 2021

The object of research is methods of increasing oil recovery in «old», depleted oilfields. One of the main tasks of the oil-extracting industry in any country in the world was and still is ensuring the project level of oil production at the maximum possible coefficient of its extraction from the subsoil. In this case it is extremely important to study and use technological methods and means of acquired experience in oilfield development.
The paper considers the historical aspects of the development of stabilization and oil recovery methods from 1770s to the present day on the example of Ukrainian oilfields. In parallel with the history of the implementation of methods, their physical and technological content and conditions of application are discussed. Of all the methods used to increase the level of oil production, the most effective ones, which have found application at certain stages of the Ukrainian oilfields’ development, are considered. This is, first of all, a vacuum process, areal flooding, cyclic flooding, gas and water-gas repression, injection of surfactants, surfactant polymer-containing systems, polymer flooding, horizontal branched drilling. The methods development analysis is considered against the background of their geological and industrial acceptability and obtaining technical and economic effects. Based on the results of the study, a group of methods has been identified. These methods are advised to apply in geological and industrial conditions, similar to those described, which should ensure the expected efficiency. Undoubtedly, along with this, it is advisable to use the methods of mathematical modeling of oilfield development processes. Proposals are formulated on the conditions and principles of applying the methods under consideration in order to improve the systems for the development of oilfields. It has been established that the most acceptable methods of increasing oil recovery in depleted oilfields are the injection of surfactant solutions both independently and together with an aqueous solution of polyacrylamide, creation of gas-water repression and polymer flooding, in which preference is given to AN132SH and AN125SH reagents of FLOPAAM S series from SNF FlOERGEL.
Development of nutrient medium for riboflavin biosynthesis by Eremothecium ashbyi ascomycetes
Authors: Stetsenko Nataliia , Polishchuk Valentyna , Dugan Оlexiy
Published: December 2021

The object of the study is the riboflavin producer Eremothecium ashbyi Guilliermond 1935 VKPM F-340, the subject of the study is the regularities of riboflavin biosynthesis by the E. ashbyi F-340 strain under different cultivation conditions. Riboflavin is an important micronutrient that is a precursor of the coenzymes flavin mononucleotide and flavinadine dinucleotide, it is necessary for biochemical reactions in all living cells. Population growth and an increase in human needs for vitamin-fortified food and agricultural products is the reason for an increase in demand for riboflavin preparations. Considering this, it is important and economically beneficial to improve the technology for the production of vitamin B2. An important factor that affects the yield of the product is the nutrient medium. At present, the influence of agricultural waste on the biosynthesis of riboflavin is being actively studied in the world. However, not all of the studied types of raw materials are typical for the agriculture of this or that country. Therefore, in order to determine whether this direction of research is promising, it is important to check the effect on the biosynthetic activity of the riboflavin producer of the most common wastes of the domestic industry. In this work, this is done on the example of Ukraine.
In the course of the study, microbiological (surface and deep cultivation of E. ashbyi F-340), physicochemical (determination of the amount of biomass by the gravimetric method, determination of the concentration of riboflavin by the spectrophotometric method) and mathematical methods were used. The proposed media with the addition of agricultural waste, providing a higher yield of riboflavin compared to conventional media. The influence of different types of agricultural waste on the biosynthesis of riboflavin by the producer E. ashbyi F-340 was evaluated. The efficiency of using sunflower cake as a component of the nutrient medium is shown. The optimal sources of carbon for the nutrient medium with oil cake have been determined, which increases the yield of riboflavin. Due to the large amount of sunflower cake obtained in Ukraine, its use for modifying the nutrient medium in order to increase the yield of riboflavin in the future will lead to a decrease in the cost of the target product due to the use of cheap and ecological raw materials.
Pneumococcal vaccination in the focus of public attention
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: December 2021

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Natural killer cells: origin, phenotype, function
Authors: Tyshchuk E. V. , Mikhailova V. A. , Selkov S. A. , Sokolov D. I.
Published: December 2021

Natural killer cells (NK) are innate immune lymphocytes produced in the bone marrow. Isolation of NK cells as a separate population of lymphocytes is related to discovery of their ability to induce the death of tumor cells without prior sensitization. In this review, an attempt was made to systematize the numerous data on the biology of NK cells presented in the literature. The authors consider the stages of NK cells` differentiation from a common lymphoid progenitor (CLP) in the bone marrow, describe two functionally different populations of mature NK cells – CD56brightCDl6- and CD56dimCD16+. In addition, the role of cytokines and chemokines in the development of NK cells is discussed. The review includes data on the spectrum of molecules expressed by NK cells: adhesion molecules (LFA-1, LFA-2, LFA-3; αMβ2, αXβ2, L-selectin, VLA-4, VLA-5; PECAM-1; CEACAM-1), cytokine receptors (IL-1R, IL-2ra, IL-2Rb/IL-2Rc, IL-6Rα, IL-7Ra, IL-8R, IL-10R, IL-12Rβ1, IL-15ra, IL-18R, IL-21ra, IFNGR2, TGFBR, c-Kit, CXCR1, CXCR3, CXCR4, CCR4, CCR5, CCR6, CCR7, IChemR23, CX3CR1), as well as receptors that regulate the activity of NK cells (LILRB1, LILRB2, LILRB4; KIR2DL1-5; KIR2DS1-5; KIR3DL1-3; KIR3DS1; NKG2A, NKG2C, NKG2D; Siglec7, Siglec9; CD16; NKRP-1; TIGIT; TACTILE; NKp30, NKp44, NKp46, NKp80; LAIR-1; PD-1; TIM-3; 2B4; TLR1-9). The authors also examine the mechanisms of implementing cytotoxic activity by NK cells, including cytotoxicity, via expression of MHC-I-specific receptors, CD16 Fc receptors, receptors and ligands of apoptosis (Fas-FasL and TRAIL-TRAILR) as well as other receptors. The review describes in detail the structure of immunological synapse between the NK cell and target cell, receptor interactions, and the role of the cytoskeleton in its formation. The data are summarized on the variants of exocytosis of lytic granules by NK cells, including complete or partial fusion of vesicles with the plasma membrane, exocytosis of vesicles containing perforin and FasL, and the formation of microvesicles containing granzyme B. The review also describes data on ability of NK cells to maintain activated state for a long time, as well as to maintain contact with several targets at the same time. In addition to the functions inherent in natural killers as cells of innate immunity, the authors point out their ability to exhibit the features of cells of adaptive immunity. In general, a variety of mechanisms that regulate the activity of NK cells may complement the specific functions of lymphocytes, thus making the immune system more efficient.
Grassland Vegetation and Management - on the Interface between Science and Education
Authors: RUŞDEA Evelyn , REIF Albert , HÖCHTL Franz , PĂCURAR Florin , ROTAR Ioan , STOIE Andrei , DAHLSTRÖM Anna , SVENSSON Roger , ARONSSON Mårten
Published: December 2021

The concept and implementation of a tri-national EU intensive Programme (IP) is presented and discussed. The objective is to improve the methods employed by the teachers and scientist of the staff concerning the classification and management of grasslands to students and to prepare them to be able to design, analyse, and evaluate grassland management strategies and to understand grasslands in land-use-system terms. The focus lies on the development of strategies for sustainable grassland use in the context of regional development.

The innovative character if this romanian-swedish-german module is exemplified.
Preliminary Results Regarding Presence of RB Genes Homologues from Solanum Bulbocastanum in some Solanum Species
Authors: BALAZS Erika , BOTEZ Constantin , TAOUTAOU Abdelmoumen
Published: December 2021

Phytophtora infestans, the causal organism of late blight, is the most important fungal pathogen of potato. In the strategy of potato late blight control utilization of resistant variety is the most important. For creating new resistant varieties Marker Assisted Selection increase significant the efficiency of this process. Genomes of several Solanum species were reported to contain RB homologues with confirmed broad-spectrum defence function. We tested 8 primers for RB gene homologues from Solanum bulbocastanum on different potato species, including S. bulbocastanum, S. demissum, and S. tuberosum. Some primers amplified only S. bulbocastanum, and others amplified olso S. demissum and S. tuberosum.
Study of the Ecosystem of Arnica Montana L. from Bear Meadows
Authors: BOGDAN Anca Dorina , ROTAR Ioan , PACURAR Florin , VIDICAN Roxana , DALE Laura
Published: December 2021

Biodiversity refers to all species of plants, animals and microorganisms existing in an ecosystem interact (Vandermeer and Perfecto, 1995). Phytodiversity of natural grassland systems are both important in terms of feed and other possible intrinsic values generated by the multitude of species (Rotar et all.,.2009). Such an ecosystem is present in the Apuseni Mountains where the species Arnica montana L. is found in a significant proportion (Stoie et all., 2001). The objectif of our paper is to identify and describe an ecosystems of Arnica montana L. in the Bear Meadows.

The Bear Meadows pasture is located in the village of Gârda de Sus, Alba County, Apuseni Mountains at 1380 m elevation, with southern exhibition, slope about 5 % and the type of soil is districambosol. The paper presents a description of the species from Bear Meadows ecosystem and groups of plants: Poaceae, Fabaceae, Juncaceae and Cypercaeae and plants from other botanical families. Each species is analyzed in terms of its behaviour to ecological factors (light, temperature, moisture, nitrogen), which allowed defining exactly the type of lawn. Species are classified also in terms of their response to agronomic factors (suitability to mowing, to grazing and suitability to the stepp). The analysis thus allows predictions of the evolution of vegetation based on applied management to meadows.
Comparing Linear Regression and Regression Trees for Spatial Modelling of Soil Reaction in Dobrovăţ Basin (Eastern Romania)
Authors: PATRICHE Cristian Valeriu , PÎRNĂU Radu Gabriel , ROŞCA Bogdan
Published: December 2021

Our study compares the performances of two statistical methods, namely multiple linear regression and classification and regression trees, for deriving spatial models of soil reaction in the surface horizon. The applications were carried out within a 186 km2 hydrographic basin situated in eastern Romania. Statistical models were computed from a sample of 235 soil profiles, scattered in the eastern half of the basin. An independent sample of 237 expeditionary pH measurements was used to validate the results within the interpolation area, whereas an independent sample of 50 soil profiles was used to validate the results within the extrapolation area (the western half of the basin). The predictors included geomorphometrical parameters, derived from a 10x10 m digital elevation model, X and Y coordinates of soil profiles and the main soil types for the regression trees approach. The stepwise selection procedure indicated Y coordinate, digital elevation model, wetness index and surface ratio as the best predictors for soil reaction. The correlation between observed and predicted pH values for the training sample suggests a much higher quality of the regression trees spatial model. However, the validation using the two independent samples points out the instability of this model and recommends the regression model more reliable.
The Cytoplasm Origin Influence, the Teser Influence and the Nucleus-Cytoplasm Interactions Influence on Agronomic Traits for Maize Isonuclear Lines
Authors: RACZ Camelia , HAS Ioan , HAS Voichita , ŞCHIOP Teodora , COSTE I
Published: December 2021

The maize is one of the most important crops in the world due to its high productivity and multiplexing usage in human nutrition, animal breeding and industry. The isonucleus inbred lines study has been initiated from the demand of clarifying if the cytoplasm source has a positive or negative influence on the corn cars, plants, grain traits and some maize cultural features. The research has been conducted in the experimental field provided by the Maize Breeding laboratory from ARDS Turda, ARDB Târgu-Mureş, ARDS Secuieni, ARDS Livada, ARDS Suceava in 2009. The cell nucleus transfer activity for 12 elite inbred lines on various cytoplasm types has begun in 1992 starting from the assumption that among cytoplasm of different origin could exist differences in the genetic value. The ultimate objective of breeding works is to obtain a higher grain yield and the yield quality to be at the desired level of farmers. For this reason it was studied the effect of different types of cytoplasm on grain yield, kernel dry matter at harvest and unbroken plants percentage at harvest, all these traits are important to achieve secure yield, mechanized harvestable. The kernel dry matter at harvest is one of the indicators of vegetation period, the most used in choice of early single crosses.
Studies on Using Sugar Beet for Bio-Ethanol for Vehicle Motors
Authors: DUMITRU Mariana
Published: December 2021

The paper presents some researches on using sugar beet for producing bio-ethanol, considering the advantages which this raw material presents compared to other materials from which bio-ethanol can be obtained. One of the reasons of using bio-ethanol for motors as a fuel is the goal to reduce of 20% of greenhouse gases and it is established that the emissions of CO2 are much reduced in the case of bio-ethanol than that of conventional fuels.
Influence of Lead on the Germination Process in Zea Mays
Authors: MIHALESCU Lucia , MARE ROSCA Oana , MARIAN Monica , VOSGAN Zorica , MAXIM Aurel , CORDEA Mirela
Published: December 2021

Possible influence of lead on germination was studied, in the carried out experiences. The corn caryopses were soaked in solutions of PbCl2 of different concentrations, for 2 hours. For each variant 30 caryopses were used; they were put into germinators where they were wetted with the corresponding solutions. It was noted that lead, in small quantities, produces the stimulation of germination of about 10-20%, and in high quantities a decrease with 66% due to the inhibition of cells division and cells elongation, too.
Some Aspects of ertilization of Maize in Transylvania Area
Authors: TOADER Constantin , MĂRGHITAŞ Marilena , ŞANDOR Mignon
Published: December 2021

The research undertaken in the field of differentiated fertilization in maize crop aim at rationalizing fertilizing mineral inputs and at their reduction by promoting alternatives and strategies for an efficient inclusion within differentiated fertilization systems of humiferous organic resources and plant residues.
Isolation and Characterization of Rhizobacteria for their Many Activities Improving the Plant Growth
Authors: ALLAOUA Silini , HAFSA Cherif , MOSTEFA Ghoul
Published: December 2021

The use of microbial technology in agriculture extends currently relatively quickly with the identification of new more efficient bacterial strains in the growth of plants. The rhizobacteria that promote the growth of plants (PGPR, plant growth promoting rhizobacteria) can have a positive effect on the productivity of crops( Chaiharn et al., 2008) especially when subjected to salt stress ( Tripathi et al., 1998). Indeed, the salinity considerably affects the crop yield. Inoculating PGPR can mitigate the effects of this type of stress by direct or indirect mechanisms (Ahmad et al., 2008). To select effective strains and having multiple activities, a total of 22 bacterial strains are isolated from different soils. These strains are characterized by their ability to fix nitrogen (nitrogen-free medium culture). They are also tested in vitro for their activities of improvement of plant growth such as the production of the indole acetic acid (IAA) of hydrogen cyanide (HCN), of the siderophore, ammonia (NH3), of solubilization of phosphates and antifungal activity. More than 70% of the strains produce NH3, 54% solubilized more P2O5 10µg/ml and the same rate and has antifungal activity against ≥ to three fungal strains. However, 36% produce more 80µg/ml of IAA, 27% produce siderophores and only two strains produced of HCN. The production of IAA of eight (08) strains is evaluated in the presence of 100, 200 and 300 mM NaCl. The remaining active strains with high concentration of NaCl would be the most effective and can be considered as biofertilizers for improving plant growth in areas affected by salinity.
T-2 Toxin Occurrence in Cereals and Cereal-Based Foods
Authors: GALBENU-MORVAY Petruta Lavinia , TRIF Alexandra , DAMIESCU Lăcrămiora , SIMION Gheorghita
Published: December 2021

T-2 toxin is a secondary metabolite mainly produced by fungi belonging to the genus Fusarium, principally by F. sporotrichioides, F. poae, F. equiseti and F. acuminatum which are common contaminants in staple foods of cereal origin such as oats, barley, rice, maize, wheat etc., and different by-products. T-2 toxin belongs to the closely related sesquiterpenoid family of thrichotecenes and is a potent inhibitor of protein synthesis. Its main effects are usually observed in the immune system which has strong impact on the health of both humans and animals. Although is one of the most toxic type A trichothecene, T-2 toxin occurrence data is scarce and European Commission (EC) legal limits are not yet available. The objective of the present study was to monitor the occurrence of T-2 toxin in cereals and cereal-based foods marketed in an area of western Romania (Timis and Arad counties), using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. T-2 toxin was present in all analyzed samples (maize, wheat, corn flakes, breakfast cereals, biscuits), with values ranging between 0.8 μg/kg and 23.4µg/kg and median value of 4.9. This study points out also the necessity of a continuous survey of cereals and cereal-based products for T-2 toxin presence and levels, and stresses the need for establishing legislative maximum admitted levels in foods.
Models of Ph and Lactic Acid Dynamics Determined During Lactic Acid Fermentation of Various Juices with Lactobacillus Acidophilus
Authors: GORGHIU Gabriel , BURULEANU Lavinia Claudia , AVRAM Daniela , NICOLESCU Carmen Leane
Published: December 2021

The dynamics of the lactic acid fermentation of different vegetable juices inoculated with Lactobacillus acidophilus - that are not constitutive from the epiphytic microbiota of vegetables - were evaluated through some physical and chemical parameters: pH and titratable acidity, expressed in lactic acid. Because the stability and the preservation of the lacto-fermented juices are important from the technological point of view, the evolution of those ones should be monitored. In this sense, this work targets to find prediction models and curve fittings that express the pH and lactic acid dynamics during lactic acid fermentation of various juices with Lactobacillus acidophilus. With a view to obtain probiotic products, all the vegetable juices (obtained from carrots, red beet, white and red cabbage) were suitable for lactic acid fermentation. Excepting the red beet fermented juice, the others become highly stable after 24 hours, the pH values being 3.74 - 3.84, while the lactic acid content was comprised between 6.3 and 8.01g/l. Whether for the consumer the taste should be qualified as excessively sour, the remnant sugars mask this characteristic, ensuring a good taste of the lacto-fermented vegetable juices. At the same time, the red beet juice fermented with Lactobacillus acidophilus has reached values of the analyzed indicators that can provide stability to refrigeration. The models illustrated in the paper were obtained using specific software application for statistical processing - CurveExpert -, a cross-platform solution for curve fitting and data analysis.
Evolution of the Physico-Chemical Indicators in Curd Processing to Obtain Scalded Paste Cheeses
Authors: JIMBOREAN Mirela , TIBULCA Dorin , PAUCEAN Adriana
Published: December 2021

The presented research aimed to study the variation of the physico-chemical indicators in processing the curd for obtaining cheeses with scalded paste. The samples were monitored during the technological process: after the curd ripening, after scalding during cheese ripening and for the final product. The pressed cheeses fall into the category of cheeses to which the curd scalding operation is being applied, which makes that the main protein – the casein – to get plastic features (stretching in wires) under certain conditions of temperature and pH. Dalia cheese, which we herein refer to, is obtained from cow’s milk, according to the manufacturing technology of scalded paste cheese.
Natural Occurence of Aflatoxins in Wheat from Central Transylvania
Authors: MAN Simona , TOFANA Maria , MUSTE Sevastiţa , PAUCEAN Adriana , BIROU (POP) Anamaria
Published: December 2021

Aflatoxins (AFs), the secondary metabolites produced by species of Aspergillus, specifically Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus, have harmful effects on humans, animals, and crops that result in illnesses and economic losses. Wheat that is susceptible to these fungi infections through its growth, harvest, transport, and storage, is the most important food in Romania. Therefore, this study sought to present mycotoxins in wheat samples grown in different regions of Transyvania, the results being obtained in the climate of the year 2009-2010. Wheat samples were collected from Turda and Targu Mures.

It was analyzed the presence of aflatoxins B1, B2, G1, G2, using HPTLC in twenty samples of wheat. Percentage of samples found positive for aflatoxin B1, B2, G1, G2 was 10%, 5%, 0%, 0%. Although the percentage of aflatoxin found in wheat is low, these percentages should be considered, in terms of exposure every day to mycotoxins through consumption of cereals and cereal-based products.
Modelling of Starch Gelatinisation and Liquefaction with the Enzyme Liquozyme
Authors: MIRONESCU Monica , MIRONESCU Ion Dan , TRIFAN Adrian , MIRONESCU Vionela
Published: December 2021

In this paper the influence of the enzyme Liquozyme Supra concentration (0.4-1.2 kg/t dry substance DS) and gelatinisation time (3-11 min.) on the liquefied starch quality is investigated. The composition in sugars with different Degrees of Polymerisation (DP) as DP1 (glucose), DP2 (maltose), DP3 (maltotriose), DP4 (maltotetrose) and oligosaccharides with DP≥5 is analysed by using HPLC with RI detector. The products obtained have different DP, the main components being oligosaccharides with DP≥5, followed by small amount of DP3+DP4 and much smaller concentrations of DP1; no DP2 is produced by this enzyme. Two quality criteria: the percent of oligosaccharides with DP≥5 and the percent of DP1 are proposed, in order to appreciate gelatinisation + liquefaction for the obtaining of various syrups in the next step of starch hydrolysis, the saccharification. For the production of maltose syrups, the optimal conditions at gelatinisation + liquefaction in the domains tested are 0.4 Kg/t DS enzyme and 11 min. gelatinisation time; no conditions are imposed for the production of glucose syrups; at the obtaining of dextrose syrups, gelatinisation and liquefaction are to be realised with maximal enzyme concentration (1.2 kg/t DS) and maximal gelatinisation time (11 min.).
Optimization of ITEX/GC-MS Method for Determination of Indigenous Rosemary Volatiles
Authors: SOCACI Sonia Ancuta , TOFANĂ Maria , SOCACIU Carmen , MUDURA Elena , MURESAN Crina
Published: December 2021

Volatile compounds from rosemary dried leaves samples were determined using in-tube extraction technique coupled with GC-MS analysis (ITEX/GC-MS). In order to achieve the best results, the extraction parameters (incubation time, incubation temperature, sample weight, number of strokes) were optimized. Depending on the selected extraction parameters, a number of 7 to 23 volatiles were separated. The major volatile constituents of rosemary dried leaves were α-pinene, eucalyptol, 3-octanone, limonene, camphene, camphor. The larger number of extracted compounds was obtained at high incubation temperatures, but also in the case of an increased number of strokes.
Evaluation of Microbiological and Physico-Chemical Quality of Raw Milk from Sibiu Dairy Farm Province of Romania
Authors: TIŢA Mihaela , KETNEY Otto , IANCU Ramona , MUHAMMAD Ramzan
Published: December 2021

Research aims at benchmarking the quality of raw milk supplied by four private farms in the county of Sibiu at a distance of about 25 km each for a period of three months (April, May, June 2010). Samples were subject to particularly microbiological measurements (total number of germ and somatic cells), physico-chemical (acidity, fat density, non-fat dry matter, protein and freezing point titre) by international standard methods. The results of the four farms show different variations of the parameters analyzed as follows: 55.5% of the samples fall in physico-chemical parameters of standard quality and 79% of the samples fall within the parameters of microbiological quality standard and within the limits provided by law
Wetting - Display Capacity of Some New Superficial Active Salefied Polyether ( =3–20) Primary Amides in Food Hygienization
Authors: UIVAROSAN G. , JIANU C. , JIANU I.
Published: December 2021

Colloidal features (wetting) of conditioning auxiliaries (additives) of plant protection active principles constitute, together with toxicity, a decisive technical index in forming administering receipts in modern ecological agriculture and foodstuff processing all during the agroalimentary processing and consumption chain.

In this paper we show the results of a study on a new class of superficial active compounds salefied polyether ( =3–20) primary amides.

Structures have real colloidal and bacteriostatical abilities compared to a wide spectrum of microrganisms (tested in studies related to this paper).

Low toxicity of polyoxyethylene chains (PEO) together with that of other structural units in provide the studied glymes with a high compatibility in relation to environment and to plant and animal organisms of the food chain.
Metabolic Activity and Behavior of Lactobacillus Casei During Fermentation and Microencapsulation
Authors: VODNAR Dan Cristian , SOCACIU Carmen
Published: December 2021

The metabolic activity and behavior of Lactobacillus casei were investigated during lactic fermentation and after microencapsulation. L.casei metabolic activity in vitro was investigated by HPLC and Infrared spectrometry (FTIR). Following the fermentation during 78 h, we identified lactic acid (retention time at 4.59 min) and its synthesis to begin after 3h and increasing gradually, up to a productivity of 6.89 mg mL-1 after 78 h. We noticed a high activity in the first 6 hours, and the media was totally consumed before 12 hours. By FT-IR fingerprint during fermentation we identified changes of the spectra pattern, specific increasing peaks of lactic acid (1127 cm-1) during fermentation (from 3 to 78 h) and other specific absorption peaks at 1420 cm-1, 2845 and 2929 cm-1.

The comparative behavior of L.casei microencapsulated in different matrices, in simulated gastric and intestinal juice were also studied. L.casei was microencapsulated in sodium alginate (AG), chitosan (CH), alginate: guar gum (AG:GU) and alginate: xanthan gum (AG:XA). The microencapsulation effects on the changes in survival rate of bacteria, during exposure in simulated gastric and intestinal juice were studied. The survivability of the strains, were expressed as the destructive value (decimal reduction time). The alginate beads 2% prevented acid-induced reduction of the cell density in simulated gastric juice, resulting in significant (P
Studies on Quality of Wheat Varieties Grown in Targu Mures County, in 2010
Authors: MAN Simona , MUSTE Sevastita , TOFANA Maria , PAUCEAN Adriana , BIROU (POP) Anamaria , CHIRCU Carmen
Published: December 2021

Wheat quality, regadless of its destination, is a key factor determining its market value.

At SCDCB Mures are tested in comparative cultures, every year a large number of domestic and foreign varieties that are aimed at production quality, quality bakery, the degree of adaptability to environmental conditions, tolerance and resistance to various cryptogamic diseases that has wheat.
Comparing Different Methods of Volatile Compounds Determination in Wine by GC/MS
Authors: POPESCU Raluca
Published: December 2021

Volatile compounds are produced in wines during fermentation, distillation and ageing in oak barrels. Even if the wine volatile profile is extremely complex, containing more than 800 compounds, only 50 have an impact on wine quality (Colibaba 2009). Belonging to different groups of substances (terpens, aldehydes, esters, acids, alcohols etc.), the volatile compounds concentration ranges from a few ng to mg per liter, with different olfactory thresholds (Gerogiannaki-Christopoulou 2008). They are classified in volatiles of the primary aroma (terpens, pyrazines, C6 compounds, and aroma precursors), secondary aroma (ethanol, carbon dioxide, superior alcohols, fatty acids, esters, carbonylic compounds) and of the tertiary aroma of wines (esters, superior alcohols, terpens, nor-isoprenoids, rancid aroma etc.). Wine from different grape varieties (flavoured and some non-flavoured) contain specific aroma compounds, in different ratios (Lambropoulos 2007).
Application of ARIMA models on Export potential Indicator
Authors: Amoussou Amour Gbaguidi , Medenou Aristide
Published: December 2021

The export potential indicator is designed for countries that aim to support established exports by increasing exports to new or existing target markets, and several studies are being managed using various mathematical model to predict the export values. Here, we propose an econometric model that could be useful to predict the export values. We performed the ARIMA model to evaluate the realized and unrealized export potentials of products. We therefore propose to carry out actions in favor of increasing the export potential.
Diptera flower visitors of Adonis vernalis in the Bakony Mts (Hungary)
Authors: Mészáros Tünde , Tóth Sándor
Published: December 2021

The number of pollinators has decreased significantly in the last decades, producing a situation that is frequently mentioned as a “pollination crisis”. In our study we document Diptera taxa collected on the early-flowering, legally protected Adonis vernalis L. According to our former observations, species of the Aculeata suborder (Hymenoptera) are the main pollinators of A. vernalis. Besides them many insects visit the flowers of Adonis, thus helping pollination directly or indirectly. Diptera taxa were collected in the spring of 2019 from three sites of the Bakonyvidék Mesoregion in Hungary. At Szentkirályszabadja and Veszprém-Kádárta villages the species Sphaerophoria scripta (19 and 10 individuals, respectively), on the Csatár Hill Chrysotoxum vernale and Pipizella viduata (3–3 individuals) were found the most frequent visitors. At each study site most of the collected insects were members of the Syrphidae family. Of the collected Diptera species only 2 species belonged to the Nematocera suborder, all the others belonged to the Brachycera suborder. At Veszprém-Kádárta we also found three Tephritidae larvae in the flowers.
Scientific approaches to the stages of the human life cycle within the successful ageing paradigm
Authors: Durakova Irina B. , Mayer Ekaterina V.
Published: December 2021

Introduction. The improvement of the efficiency of older employees is based on the successful ageing paradigm, i.e. the ability to make up for age-related losses by means of selection, compensation, and optimisation. However, all the players on the labour market face an obstacle in the form of a common stereotype that older people are of ill health, unable to learn, apathetic, and lack motivation. Therefore, the implementation of a strategy for the protection of interests of the elderly in Russia requires studying the stages of the human life cycle with regard to the efficiency of employees. Purpose. The purpose of our study was to provide scientific justification for specifying the stages of the human life cycle and the possibility for older employees to remain efficient. The latter is ensured by the coordination of the organisation’s requirements and individual challenges and demands of the employees. Methodology. In our study, we used historical and logical approach to the analysis of theories suggested by Russian and international scholars, as well as major works and other publications on the topic. The analysis allowed us to determine the essence of the studied phenomenon not restricted by any particular form. We then synthesised the parts and dependencies determined via the analysis of the stages of the human life cycle. Such synthesis allowed us to focus on the development of a basis that can be used to slow down the ageing of human resources and maintain the efficiency of older employees. The other methods used in the study were induction, deduction, analogy, generalisation, comparative analysis, and systems analysis. Results. The article describes a basic research platform for studying the human life cycle, which differentiates between the stages of development, establishment, and deterioration with regard to the ability to perform job functions. It also substantiates the idea of the employee life cycle from the point of view of both employers and employees. The article specifies the three stages of the life cycle and summarises the existing approaches taking into account the new ageing paradigm. Conclusions. A paradigm is a way of perceiving the reality and viewing it as a new norm, which should be controlled, whenever possible. By controlling successful ageing through studying the content, specifics, and dynamics of the stages of the life cycle, we can extend the effective working stage of the human life cycle and ensure a good balance between effective work and private life, which over the years is filled with new sense and new difficulties. I.e. A phenomenon we could call a “sandwich effect”. The scientific approach to the problem allowed us to study both the theoretical basis of successful ageing and the practical side involving the healthcare system, the employer, and the employee.
Nanoscale semiconductor and dielectric films and magnetic nanocrystals – new directions of development of the scientific school of Ya. A. Ugai “Solid state chemistry and semiconductors”. Review
Authors: Mittova Irina Ya. , Sladkopevtsev Boris V. , Mittova Valentina O.
Published: December 2021

New directions of development of the scientific school of Yakov Aleksandrovich Ugai “Solid state chemistry and semiconductors” were considered for the direction “Study of semiconductors and nanostructured functional films based on them”, supervised by I. Ya. Mittova. The study of students and followers of the scientific school of Ya. A. Ugai cover materials science topics in the field of solid-state chemistry and inorganic and physical chemistry. At the present stage of research, the emphasis is being placed precisely on nanoscale objects, since in these objects the main mechanisms of modern solid-state chemistry are most clearly revealed: the methods of synthesis - composition - structure (degree of dispersion) - properties. Under the guidance of Professor I. Ya. Mittova DSc (Chem.), research in two key areas is conducted:“Nanoscale semiconductor and dielectric films” and “Doped and undoped nanocrystalline ferrites”. In the first area, the problem of creating high-quality semiconductor and dielectric nanoscale films on AIIIBV by the effect reasonably selected chemostimulators on the process of thermal oxidation of semiconductors and/or directed modification of the composition and properties of the films. They present the specific results achieved to date, reflecting the positive effect of chemostimulators and modifiers on the rate of formation of dielectric and semiconductor films of the nanoscale thickness range and their functional characteristics, which are promising for practical applications.Nanomaterials based on yttrium and lanthanum orthoferrites with a perovskite structure have unique magnetic, optical, and catalytic properties. The use of various approaches to their synthesis and doping allowing to control the structure and properties in a wide range. In the field of magnetic nanocrystals under the supervision of Prof. I. Ya. Mittova studies of the effect of a doping impurity on the composition, structure, and properties of nanoparticles of yttrium and lanthanum orthoferrites by replacing the Y(La)3+ and Fe3+ cations are carried out. In the Socialist Republic of Vietnam one of the talented students of Prof. I. Ya. Mittova, Nguyen Anh Tien, performs studies in this area. To date, new methods for the synthesis ofnanocrystals of doped and undoped ferrites, including ferrites of neodymium, praseodymium, holmium, etc. have been developed.
Experimental study and mathematical modelling of self-oscillation at the electrode-magnetic fluid interface in an electric field
Authors: Chekanov Vladimir S. , Kirillova Evgeniya V. , Kovalenko Anna V. , Diskaeva Elena N.
Published: December 2021

The article describes a mathematical model of self-oscillation in the form of a boundary value problem for a nonlinear system of partial differential equations, with a numerical solution. The numerical results were compared to the experimental data to confirm the adequacy of the model. The model uses the classical system of differential equations of material balance, Nernst-Planck and Poisson equations without simplifications or fitting parameters. The aim of the article was to study the parameters of concentration self-oscillation in a layer of the dispersed phase particles of magnetic fluid at the interface with an electrode in an electric field. For this purpose, we developed a mathematical model, the consistency of which wasconfirmed by the corresponding physical mechanism.As a result of numerical experiments, we found the critical value of the potential jump after which self-oscillation began. We also determined the oscillation growth period and other characteristics of the process. We developed software called AutoWave01 with an intuitive user interface and advanced functionality for the study of self-oscillation in a thin layer of magnetic colloid.
Бенчмаркинговые модели и технологии в маркетинговом управлении образовательными организациями
Authors: Шумакова Ирина Алексеевна
Published: December 2021

Цель: статья отражает обоснование возможности использования инструментария, методик и моделей бенчмаркинга в системе маркетингового управления современными организациями. Обосновывается использование как традиционных и известных инструментариев маркетинговых исследований, маркетинговых информационных систем и маркетинговой разведки, так и с применением перспективных исследовательских технологий и методик, призванных выявить конкурентные преимущества и недостатки основных маркетинговых и операционных процессов конкретного вуза и реализовать целевые корректирующие решения, обеспечивающие рост его (вуза) конкурентоспособности. Обсуждение: разработка и применение бенчмаркинговых моделей и методик в сфере высшего образования относится в настоящее время к инновационному направлению научного поиска и не может похвастаться масштабным вниманием исследователей или наличием проработанного и апробированного инструментария. В настоящее время недостатком является отсутствие конкретики в отношении субъектов, объектов и предметов бенчмаркингового моделирования, недостаточный уровень содержательности в постановке задачи бенчмаркингового сравнения конкурентоспособности и пре­имуществ образовательных продуктов, отсутствие привязки процесса бенчмаркинга к деятельности структур вуза, реализующих отдельные маркетинговые функции или интегрированную функцию маркетингового управления образовательной организацией. Таким образом, это вызывает интерес не просто к применению бенчмаркинговых моделей, а к мероприятиям по разработке полноценной маркетинговой стратегии вуза, функционирующего в высококонкурентных условиях.Результаты: авторами выявлено, что успех устойчивой работы на образовательном рынке для университета зависит от реализуемой маркетинговой стратегии, отправной точкой в которой выступает рынок труда, запросы на научные исследования и разработки, далее имеющийся потенциал вуза.
Особенности коллизий выбора сбалансированной траектории развития региональной банковской системы
Authors: Баева Нина Борисовна , Куркин Евгений Владимирович
Published: December 2021

Цель: в статье рассмотрены коллизии, возникающие в процессе оценки типа неопределенности при выборе траектории развития банков, работающих на территории региона. Необходимо разработать модели развития банковской системы региона и предложить методы разрешения противоположных интересов субъектов. Обсуждение: неопределенности различной природы возникновения порождают коллизии. Для успешного разрешения коллизий важно уметь определять источник их возникновения. Коллизии могут возникать в процессе синтеза различных этапов производственного процесса. Результаты: в работе развитие экономической системы региона рассмотрено через призму банковской системы. Разработанные модели устранения коллизий, возникающих в кругах коммерческих банков, использующих не только собственные средства, но и средства, которые берутся банком у других банков. Предложенные модели и методы позволяют решать ситуации разрешимых неопределенностей.
Научно-образовательные центры мирового уровня как показатель экономического развития региона
Authors: Кузнецова Елена Алексеевна
Published: December 2021

Цель: в статье рассмотрены региональные научно-образовательные центры мирового уровня, проведен анализ основных показателей созданных научно-образовательных центров. Обсуждение: выделены ключевые проблемы формирования научно-образовательных центров в России. Результаты: автором приведены целевые индикаторы и показатели, планируемые к достижению в рамках реализации программы деятельности центров, предложен перечень показателей для оценки социально-экономического эффекта от создания научно-образовательных центров.
Специфика оценки качества кредитного портфеля при переуступке прав требования
Authors: Рогачевский Антон Константинович
Published: December 2021

Цель: в данной статье представлена актуальная проблема, возникающая при оценке финансовой устойчивости банков – отсутствие важной информации для анализа в публикуемой и открытой отчетности. Обсуждение: несмотря на действия Центрального Банка Российской Федерации для улучшения устойчивости и общей «прозрачности банковского сектора», за счет создания новых и изменения действующих методик расчетов показателей и нормативов за последние несколько лет описанные тенденции не устранили проблем, возникающих при рассмотрения деятельности банка в разрезе его агрегированных показателей, отраженных в публикуемой отчетности. Тем не менее, возникает существенный вопрос, связанный с раскрытием данных, являющихся на данный момент управленческой отчетностью, и возможными негативными действиями со стороны пользователей с целью спекуляции и недобросовестной конкуренции. Результаты: автором были вынесены предложения по учёту цессий и отражению данных в публикуемой отчётности. Результаты проведенных исследований подтвердили возможность практического использования информации для реальной оценки качества кредитного портфеля банка.
Развитие бухгалтерского учета в условиях цифровизации экономики
Authors: Одинцова Татьяна Михайловна
Published: December 2021

Цель: выявление проблем и перспектив развития учетной информации для управления социально-экономическими процессами в условиях неопределённости, риска и турбулентности внешней среды. В частности, в ситуации пандемии COVID-19 и локдауна возник целый ряд вопросов, связанных с проблемами отражения объектов и событий в бухгалтерском учете, качеством и достоверностью тех отчетных данных, которые базируются на стандартных учетных принципах, допущениях и процедурах. Кроме того, сложившаяся ситуация высветила новые требования к учетной информации, как основе для формирования полноценной и прозрачной среды управления – в силу сложности принимаемых стейкхолдерами решений и нестандартности задач по предотвращению и лечению кризиса. Обсуждение: в условиях цифровой экономики развитие инструментария и методов учета выступает отдельной масштабной темой для изучения. В рамках данного развития увеличивается спектр решаемых задач, поскольку, помимо выбора модели денежной оценки объектов учета, следует определенным образом представить объекты, для которых приоритетным является неденежное измерение, а также интересным трендом является появление новых виртуальных единиц стоимости. Результаты: события 2020 года показывают, что происходит разрыв цепочек создания добавленной стоимости и снижение возможностей глобальной кооперации, самоизоляция экономик, столь тщательно выстраиваемая мировая финансово-экономическая архитектура демонстрирует свою неустойчивость, глобализация сменяется протекционизмом, блоковым противостоянием, региональной автаркией и национальной изоляцией, нарастает конфликтность экономико-политического ландшафта, усиливаются ограничения и системы государственного контроля. Цифровая трансформация, кризисный характер экономики и нестабильность внешней среды, новые требования к системе управления финансово-хозяйственной деятельностью, изменение бизнес-моделей, появление новых видов активов, связанных транзакций и форм взаимодействия, принципиально новые технологические возможности в области формирования и использования информации – все это существенным образом влияет на бухгалтерский учет и возможности его развития.