bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reliability Estimation of Retraction Mechanism Kinematic Accuracy under Small Sample
Authors: Yan Yumeng , Zhou Jiyuan , Yin Yin , Nie Hong , Wei Xiaohui , Liang Taotao
Published: November 2023

Due to intricate operating conditions, including structural clearances and assembly deviations, the acquisition of test data of landing gear retraction mechanism is limited, posing challenges for reliability analysis. To solve the problem, a Bayesian-based reliability analysis method by fusing prior and test data is proposed, focusing on the mechanism kinematic accuracy under small-sample conditions. Firstly, a dynamic simulation model is established to collect prior data, and retraction tests are conducted to obtain test data. Then, based on Bayesian theory, the motion accuracy parameter estimation model integrating prior and test samples is established. To obtain accurate hyper parameters, the prior samples are expanded using neural network. Finally, taking the retraction mechanism as the research object, the kinematic accuracy reliability is quantified, and the impact of uncertainty factors is analyzed in depth. The results show that the proposed method is superior to the classical interval estimation method in stability and effectively mitigates the impact of uncertainty factors.
Relationship Between a Levels of Aspartate Aminotransferase (Ast), Alanine Aminotransferase (Alt), Sedimentation Rate of Blood (Led) and Interleukin (Il)-6 in Patients with Tuberculosis (Tb) and Latent After 2 Months Treatment of Tuberculosis (Tb)
Authors: Irwan Badarudin Derliyana , Muh.Nasrum Massi  , Ahyar  , Arif Santoso  , Burhanuddin Bahar  , Firdaus Hamid
Published: November 2023

The aims to determine the relationship between aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) Blood Sedimentation Rate (LED) and Interleukin (IL)-6 levels. The methods used are Laboratory Observation, Enzymatic Thermo Scientific Indiko, Ves Matic Easy, Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). The samples in this study were tuberculosis and latent after 2 months of treatment, the samples used were 30 samples, statistic tests were normality tests with Shapiro Wilk and Independent sample tests. The results of the research that has been done, it can be concluded that aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels, blood sedimentation rate (LED) levels, interleukin (IL)-6 levels in tuberculosis patients and latent after 2 months of treatment obtained significant results. At alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels in tuberculosis patients and normal latent is not significant. There is a relationship with the results of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) examination, blood sedimentation rate (LED), interleukin (IL)-6 in tuberculosis (TB) patients and latent after 2 months of tuberculosis (TB) treatment.
Prospects for Free-Range Chicken Development in Meeting Market Demand in South Sulawesi
Authors: Ni Made Ayu Gemuh Rasa Astiti  , Ilham Rasyid  , Jalaluddin  , Tenri Sa’ na  , Nurliani
Published: November 2023

Free-range chicken farming has promising prospects for development, whether we admit it or not, consumer appetite for free-range chicken is still very high, this can be seen from population growth and demand for free-range chicken which increases from year to year. So it is not surprising that the culinary business using free-range chicken as its raw material is mushrooming and increasing rapidly, especially in tourist destinations in Indonesia. It seems to be a breath of fresh air for beginner breeders and for those who want to try free-range chicken farming. This research aims to analyze the prospects, potential, and demand for free-range chickens in Indonesia. The increase in the free-range chicken population in the last 4 years, namely in 2019 as many as 30 038 625 birds, until in 2022 it will be 30 996 054 chickens, means that products in the form of free-range chicken meat and eggs also increase. The increase in the amount of production every year has not been able to meet the consumption needs of the population in South Sulawesi. Production of free-range chicken meat in 2022 will be 5,590,90 tons, while the amount of consumption required will be 63,697,438 tons. Likewise, free-range chicken egg products in 2022 will amount to 20 069.95 tons, while the need for eggs will reach 175 033 tons. The high demand for consumption shows potential business prospects in developing free-range chicken businesses in South Sulawesi Province.
Psychological Aspects of The Development of Sanogenic Reflex in Future Social Work Employees
Authors: Kahramonovich Ismailov Murodulla
Published: November 2023

In this article, the relevance of the problem of development of sanogenic reflection is based on the author's comparative analysis of the essence of the concepts of sanogenic and pathogenic thinking, the content of their special features. Cognitive, emotional, motivational and existential spheres of the person are distinguished as psychological (subjective) factors affecting the development of sanogenic reflection. Also, the content of the following motivational, cognitive, emotional-emotional and regulatory criteria indicators is explained in order to determine the level of development of healthy thinking ability in a person.
Immune response in neuroinflammatory caused by mild traumatic brain injury (experimental study)
Authors: Rad’kov Ivan V. , Plekhova Natalia G. , Zinoviev Sergey V. , Shumatov Valentin B.
Published: November 2023

The study of the organism immune response in mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is an important stage in the formation of a scientific understanding of this type of brain damage. The purpose of the study: to research of the systemic immune response parameters in the experimental modeling of mTBI. The cellular composition and phenotype of immune cell subpopulations were assessed, and the content of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in the mTBI and blood serum of injured rats was determined. A high content of leukocytes and interleukin 6 (IL 6) in the blood was found 2 hours after the injury. The number of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes and B-lymphocytes increased with a decrease of the neutrophils, monocytes, eosinophils and T helpers number one day after mTBI. During the indicated periods of observation, an increase in the content of cytokines TNFα and IL 6 in the cerebrospinal fluid and blood serum was observed, and the indicators of anti-inflammatory IL 10 increased 7–14 days after mTBI. On the 14th day after injury, the level of stab neutrophils remained low, while the number of CD45, CD3, CD20, and CD8 positive lymphocytes continued to increase, which indicates the progression of the inflammatory response. Thus, after the application of mTBI, an inflammatory reaction develops, accompanied by the manifestation of the activity of immune components. Cytokines are registered in the peripheral circulation and cerebrospinal fluid, the number of B-lymphocytes and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes increases.
De-escalation of neoadjuvant therapy as an option for patients with HER2 positive breast cancer
Authors: Deshkina T.  I. , Bolotina L.  V. , Golubev P.  V. , Gabuniya I.  E. , Ruban M.  S. , Fedenko A.  A. , Kaprin A.  D.
Published: November 2023

Breast cancer is the most common female cancer and cause of death from cancer in women worldwide. Overexpression of HER2 / neu, which is an unfavorable predictor associated with a more aggressive course of the disease, is detected in every 5th breast cancer patient. Over the past 20 years, targeted therapy has changed the natural course of breast cancer. However, standard neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimens in combination with targeted therapy are poorly tolerated and, therefore, are considered suboptimal. Evidently, not all patients require such toxic treatment regimens. In this review article, we present our view whether neoadjuvant therapy can be de-escalated in patients with HER2‑positive breast cancer.
Surgical treatment of recurrent intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (systematic review)
Authors: Britskaya N.  N. , Fisenko D.  V. , Efanov M.  G.
Published: November 2023

Background: Liver resection for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma is accompanied by a high recurrence rate (up to 70 %) in the first 2 years after surgery. The results of treatment of recurrent intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma are evaluated inconsistently.

Aim: The results of repeated liver resections and methods of locoregional therapy for reccurent intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma were analysed based on literature data.

Materials and methods: Two publication databases have been used for search: PubMed and Google Scholar. Finally, 35 papers published from 2010 to 2022 were included in review.

Results: Repeated liver resections followed by chemotherapy provide better long-term results compared to other methods of local therapy and systemic drug treatment. The rate of perioperative morbidity does not differ from resections for primary tumors. Repeat liver resection is possible in a limited number of patients (8–10 %). Thorough selection of patients is necessary in terms of prognosis and biological behavior of the tumor.

Conclusion: Evidence for the benefit of resections in the treatment of recurrent intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma is based on a scarse number of studies analyzing relatively small and heterogeneous patient cohorts. Patient selection is needed, the criteria for which are still being discussed.
WebGL Rendering: Using Physical-Based Materials and Lighting to Create a Virtual Environment on the Web
Authors: Lal Karu
Published: November 2023

The environment of the World Wide Web is increasingly becoming more significant for incorporating three-dimensional content. Since the introduction of WebGL to the present day, many solutions (including libraries, middleware, and apps) have been developed, encouraging the development of 3D data as a kind of practical online media. Because of the rapid advancement of 3D technology and other associated web-based resources, it isn't easy to recognize and correctly comprehend the most recent trends and open questions in the industry. This survey analyzes the current state of the art of 3D web publishing, reviews the possibilities provided by the primary current approaches, and categorizes the features supported by existing solutions, and cross-maps these with the requirements of a few main application domains. The survey begins with these premises and examines the state of the art of 3D web publishing. The findings of this investigation help define the technical features required to construct an efficient and effective 3D data presentation while considering the various application settings.
Comparativo de los costos por el sistema de cogollo y zocas en el proceso de la caña de azúcar y producto final panela
Authors: Benítez Cala María Alejandra , Salamanca Reyes Paula Juliana , Gualdrón López Alfonso Enrique
Published: November 2023

En el Molino el Resplandor se realizó el sistema de costeo para conocer el precio de la producción de panela con sus respectivos costos; esto se realizó por medio de la recolección de datos recibidos en entrevista realizada al dueñ o del molino e investigación en las fincas donde se encuentra el molino y de las cuales se recibe la cañ a de azú car para producción de panela. Para ello se analizan los costos de producción en el cultivo de la cañ a, la recolección de ella, la molienda de la cañ a hasta terminar el proceso. Se llevan los costos que se ha analizado para realizar el sistema de costeo total y conocer ası́ el costo de la molienda y el costo de producción que adquiere cada panela, encontrando también el valor de la utilidad por molienda.
Reformulación del plan de saneamiento y manejo de vertimientos de la empresa de acueducto y alcantarillado Aguas del Socorro S.A. E.S.P. en el municipio del Socorro, Santander, Colombia
Authors: Hernández Silva José Domingo , Rangel Toloza Silvia Stella
Published: November 2023

El municipio de El Socorro Santander cuenta con un plan de saneamiento y manejo de vertimientos de las aguas residuales generadas, este documento es el encargado de contemplar los proyectos, programas y actividades que son necesarios para avanzar en la obtención de un adecuado sistema de saneamiento y tratamiento de los vertimientos, con la finalidad de garantizar la conservación de los recursos naturales, como son las fuentes hídricas. Existe un problema con el plan de saneamiento y manejo de vertimientos del municipio y es la desactualización e incumplimiento de muchos de los objetivos planteados, es por esto que surge la necesidad de hacer una revisión y reformulación del plan de saneamiento y manejo de vertimientos del municipio, con el fin de darle cumplimiento a la normatividad ambiental vigente, para así garantizar la calidad y conservación de los recursos naturales, para que la comunidad los disfrute y prese preservar la sostenibilidad del medio ambiente.
Prevalence of burnout among medical students in Saudi Arabia universities
Authors: Alnefaie Zayed , Alhazmi Rawan A. , Alahmadi Eilaf S. , Almuallim Wafa M. , Aljurfi Zainab I. , Kouki Samirah M.
Published: November 2023

Background: Burnout is a psychological condition that results from an excessive workload and a perfectionism-driven obsession. Prolonged exposure to these conditions can create physical symptoms, resulting in various diseases. Due to their demands and obligations, medical students and healthcare professionals are particularly at risk of burning out. The study aimed to calculate the prevalence of burnout among Saudi medical students.
Methods: A total sample of 278 participants was taken. MBI was adapted and translated into Arabic in this study to find the prevalence of burnout. Data was analyzed on IBM statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS), and descriptive and chi-square tests were applied.
Results: 33.4% of participants were males and 66.6% were females. Only 12.35 students were recorded to be smokers. The overall prevalence of burnout among students was 215, while 80.2% of students had low PA; in the case of emotional exhaustion, 21.2% fell to a high degree, and 28% had high degree depersonalization.
Conclusions: The most common type of burnout among Saudi medical students is because of low personal accomplishment. Further studies should be conducted to understand better the problem prevailing in medical students so policies can be formed accordingly.
The Impact of Subsidy Delivery Method on Savings Behavior: Experimental Evidence
Authors: Banerjee Abhijit , Martínez Claudia , Puentes Esteban
Published: November 2023

We examine the impact of offering conditional cash transfer (CCT) beneficiaries the choice to receive cash transfers in bank accounts instead of cash. We investigate the effects on savings behavior and downstream outcomes such as assets and trust. We find, on average, no significant impact on overall savings or downstream outcomes. However, among individuals with nonpositive balances prior to the offering, we observe an increase in balances in savings accounts and in the transactional accounts in which the subsidies were initially deposited. These findings underscore the potential of using bank accounts to encourage savings, particularly for individuals with limited prior savings.
Inequality, Participation, and Polarization: Economic Origins of Partisan Policies
Authors: Vlaicu Razvan
Published: November 2023

The upward co-movement of income inequality and partisan polarization in the United S is typically attributed to intensified class conflict or a political wealth bias. This paper formalizes a theory of polarization where changes in the income distribution do not affect citizens' policy preferences, but instead change their patterns of political participation: aggregate voting decreases relative to aggregate giving, reducing the electoral penalty for partisan policies. By endogenizing party composition, the model captures both the ideological and compositional dimensions of polarization, and addresses less-discussed polarization features, such as intra-party homogeneity and the increase in safe seats. According to the model, observed polarization patterns imply that parties have diverged more than candidates, and that the gap between party and candidate divergence has increased with income inequality.
Research Insights: Does Politics Trump the Ability of Having Successful Tax Reforms?
Authors: Hallerberg Mark , Scartascini Carlos
Published: November 2023

The probability of tax reform is higher during banking crises. Tax reform is unlikely to occur during election periodseven if the government is facing financing problemsso reforms that seek to raise taxes should be avoided at those times. The ideology of the president does not explain which taxes are reformed, or how they are changed, but the presence of an IMF program does.
Influencia de la viruela símica en los fact-checkers españoles: Análisis de su actividad en Facebook
Authors: Abuín-Penas Javier
Published: November 2023

Este artículo analiza las dinámicas de publicación e interacción en Facebook de los fact-checkers, durante crisis provocada por la viruela símica en España. Para ello se realiza un análisis cuantitativo de en un total de 2.740 publicaciones emitidas por los 4 fact-checkers españoles. Los resultados muestran que la viruela símica apenas ha tenido un impacto en la actividad o interacción recibida por los fact-checkers españoles en sus verificaciones.
Periodismo de investigación en Ecuador: análisis de prácticas en seguridad digital desde 2017
Authors: Saltos Ponce Daniela Salomé
Published: November 2023

Desde 2017, los ciberdelitos a periodistas ecuatorianos han aumentado, incluyendo las cuentas de una periodista que dejó el país. El objetivo es registrar los resultados de un trabajo cualitativo que analizó las prácticas y la formación en seguridad digital de los periodistas de investigación a través de ocho entrevistas. El conocimiento se adquiere a través de la experiencia debido a la falta de medidas estatales. Pero, la responsabilidad está en los medios de comunicación y en los periodistas.
Innovación en los métodos de investigación periodística
Authors: De Luis Andrés Mercedes
Published: November 2023

Forbidden Stories es un proyecto que busca proteger la información de periodistas amenazados, dar seguimiento a su trabajo y publicar sus investigaciones en caso de que sean detenidos (Reporteros sin Fronteras). Este es un dialogo con la periodista francesa Audrey Travère que ha trabajado en el proyecto. Su testimonio brinda la oportunidad para reflexionar sobre los conceptos de innovación, periodismo de investigación y periodismo colaborativo. Forbidden Stories no basa su financiación en publicidad, sino en donaciones, es una ONG, una organización sin ánimo de lucro.
Competencias organizacionales del Comunicador Social del ECU 911 ante situaciones de crisis
Authors: C´órdova Recalde Arelys Shamira , Zhune Rosas Sandra Carolina , Tusa Fernanda
Published: November 2023

Esta investigación identifica y analiza las competencias de los comunicadores sociales de SIS ECU 911 y como se ha manejado la comunicación de crisis durante la emergencia sanitaria. Metodológicamente se aplicó el instrumento de la entrevista a profundidad a los miembros del ECU 911. Al hablar de los resultados, se constata que los profesionales que desempeñan el ejercicio estratégico de su función dentro de centros como el SIS ECU 911 son comunicadores que cuentan con una visión holística del trabajo interdisciplinario en ciencias de la comunicación, con capacidad de respuesta rápida en cuanto a la toma de decisiones; ya que este tipo de establecimientos por su naturaleza organizacional se encuentran en crisis constantes y a su vez tienen un manejo polivalente de las diferentes ramas de la comunicación.
Low-cost heterogeneous composite photocatalyst consisting of TiO2, kaolinite and MMT with improved mechanical strength and photocatalytic activity for industrial wastewater treatment
Authors: Gunarathne Pitipanage Pasindu Bhanuka , Karunadasa Kohobhange Sujith Prasanna
Published: November 2023

The industrially feasible TiO2-clay-based photocatalysts are essential to overcome practical barriers that are inherent to currently available TiO2-based photocatalysts. The current study demonstrates the fabrication of heterogeneous photocatalyst using TiO2, kaolinite, and montmorillonite (TKMCP), which has shown improved catalytic activity and mechanical strength, resulting in an industrially feasible photocatalyst. The TKMCP is prepared in a cost-effective manner using 60% TiO2 and 40% clay with different kaolinite to MMT ratios (1:3 TKMCP1, 1:1 TKMCP2, and 3:1 TKMCP3) by employing mechanical compression and dehydroxylation. The clay ratio predominantly determines the TKMCP mechanical strength and photocatalytic efficiency, where the lowest MMT percentage results in a uniform matrix, in which TiO2 particles are embedded on clay-sheets. The TKMCP surface became uniform when the MMT percentage is low, whereas a high MMT fraction results in a disordered catalytic surface due to large clay fragments and agglomerates. All three composites accounted for more than 85% of the degradation rate, exhibiting pseudo first order kinetics, resulting in high-rate constants, with the highest observed for TKMCP3, which is 1.55 h–1. The TKMCP3 accounts for the highest mechanical strength, which is 5.83 MPa, while the lowest is observed with TKMCP1, indicating that the TKMCP strength decreases significantly with high MMT fraction. TKMCP has several advantages, including easy fabrication, low cost, free of hazardous chemicals, high production capacity with minimal machinery/supervision, non-self-degradability, easy disposal, easy installation in pilot-scale reactors, compatibility with both batch and flow reactors, environmental, and user-friendliness. TKMCP can also be obtained in variable sizes and shapes that ensure dynamic wastewater treatment applications.
Spiritual Being in the Theology of Wincenty Granat
Authors: Adam Anton
Published: November 2023

Treatises on dogmatic theology draw attention to a whole spectrum of theological topics, among which the issue of angels also finds its place. Scholastic theology dealt with this issue within the framework of the treatise on God the Creator; however, it is not exceptional that it is also treated in a separate part. In this paper, we pay attention to spiritual creatures in the context of the eminent Polish theologian Wincent Granat who emphasized respect for the Christian tradition and pointed to the vital values of Christian dogmas. In his pre-Conciliar work Catholic Dogmatics, he discussed most of the issues of dogmatic theology using the scholastic method. In his post-Conciliar work Ku człowiekowi i Bogu w Chrystusie [To Man and God in Christ], the doctrine of angels comes to the fore in close relation to Christian anthropology and its personalistic orientation.
HYBRID ORGANIC–INORGANIC ASSEMBLIES BASED ON COORDINATION METAL–LIGAND FRAGMENTS: SYNTHESIS, PROPERTIES, APPLICATION IN CHROMATOGRAPHY
Authors: Martsynko O. E. , Tsymbalyuk K. K.
Published: November 2023

The data on the synthetic methods of metal-organic frameworks (MOF) based on the coordination compounds of metals, including germanium, with the polydentate aromatic acids, their properties and applications are systemised in the paper. The prospect of using such types of MOFs to determine the highly toxic organic pollutants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) has been identified.
Due to their unique properties, including large surface area, uniformly structured nanoscale cavities, tunable pore sizes and thermal stability MOFs are promising materials for use in analytical chemistry. They have been used in air sampling, as a stationary phase in chromatography, and as sorbents for solid-phase extraction, solid-phase microextraction, and magnetic solid-phase extraction.
Depending on the structure of the ligands, MOFs can provide molecular recognition through different types of interactions of a wide range of compounds, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), pyrethroids, nitrosamines and parabens, that are immunosuppressors, endocrine disruptors and cancerogenic compounds. For example, MOFs adsorb hydrophobic organic compounds (e.g., PAHs, PCBs) due to π-π stacking and hydrophobic interactions with organic linkers. Whereas the extraction of organic compounds with hydrophilic groups (for example, nitrosamines) occurs due to electrostatic interaction and hydrogen bonds.
The most effective methods of synthesis of the considered type MOF are hydro(solvo)thermal synthesis and mechanochemical methods modified by adding a small amount of solvents. The slow diffusion methods are advisable to use to obtain crystals suitable for single-crystal X-ray diffraction.
SYNERGETIC EFFECTS OF PALLADIUM(II) AND COPPER(II) COMPOUNDS FIXED ON MODIFIED PHLOGOPITE IN THE REACTION WITH SULFUR DIOXIDE
Authors: Kiose T. O. , Nazar A. P. , Rakyts’ka T. L.
Published: November 2023

Palladium(II) and cuprum(II) compounds are the basic components of the Wacker-type heterogeneous catalyst for the low-temperature oxidation of carbon monoxide with oxygen. Al2O3, activated carbon and carbon fiber materials are most commonly used as a carrier. In search of new potential natural media, layered aluminosilicate – phlogopite as part of natural phlogopite concentrate was investigated and it was proved that copper-palladium catalysts are formed on acid-modified samples of phlogopite, which provide a high degree of conversion of carbon monoxide, which meets the sanitary and chemical norm of CO in the working area, namely CKCO ≤ 20 mg/m3. Regardless of the nature of the carrier, it was found that the catalytic effect is achieved due to the synergism of palladium(II) and copper(II). A typical situation is when carbon monoxide and sulfur dioxide are simultaneously present in the waste gases of industrial enterprises. In this regard, research on the polyfunctionality of the Pd(II)-Cu(II)/S̅ nanocatalyst is relevant. The kinetics of the interaction of sulfur dioxide with mono- and bimetallic compositions based on compounds of palladium(II), copper(II) and acid-modified natural (Phl) and thermally swollen (TS-Phl) phlogopite were studied. It was established that monometallic compositions М(ІІ)-KBr/X̅Н-TC-Phl-1, М(ІІ) = Cu(ІІ), Pd(ІІ) fixed on acid-modified samples of swollen phlogopite, except for 6Н-TS-Phl-1, do not show protective properties against sulfur dioxide. It has been proven that the bimetallic compositions Pd(II)-Cu(II)-KBr/S̅ (S̅ = 6H-Phl-1; X̅H-TS-Phl-1, X̅ = 1, 2, 3, 6 M HNO3) in the reaction with SO2 reveal a synergistic effect with a coefficient of КS >> 1, which leads to an increase in the time of the protective action of the samples and the amount of absorbed sulfur dioxide. The synergism constant depends on the conditions of acid modification of the carrier and has a maximum value in the case of the bimetallic composition fixed on the carrier 2Н-ТS-Phl-1.
ISOTHERMAL SECTION OF THE ZrO2–HfO2–Eu2O3 SYSTEM PHASE DIAGRAM AT 1100 °C
Authors: Yurchenko Yu. V. , Korniienko O. A. , Korychev S. F. , Yushkevych S. V.
Published: November 2023

Phase equilibria and structural transformations in the ternary ZrO2–HfO2–Eu2O3 system at 1100 °C were studied by X-ray diffraction over the entire composition range. The samples of different compositions have been prepared from nitrate acid solutions by evaporation, drying, and calcinations at 1100 °C. Fields of solid solutions based on the cubic (F) modification with fluorite-type structure and tetragonal (T) and monoclinic (M) modifications of ZrO2 (HfO2), cubic (C) modification of Eu2O3, and an ordered intermediate phase with pyrochlore-type structure, Ln2Zr2O7 (Ln2Hf2O7)(Py), were established to exist in the system. The solubility of Eu2O3 in M-HfO2(ZrO2) is pretty low and approximately less than 1 mol%, which is confirmed by XRD. The boundaries of phase fields and lattice parameters of the phases were determined. The lattice parameters for F phase vary from а = 0.5305 nm in two-phase sample (C+F) containing 6.75 mol% ZrO2–8.25 mol% HfO2–85 mol% Eu2O3 to а = 0.5283 nm for sample containing 27 mol% ZrO2–33 mol% HfO2–40 mol% Eu2O3 and to а = 0.5275 nm in two-phase sample (Py+F) containing 29.25 mol% ZrO2–35.75 mol% HfO2–35 mol% Eu2O3, and from а = 0.5232 nm in two-phase sample (Py+F), containing 32.625 mol% ZrO2–39.875 mol% HfO2–27.5 mol% Eu2O3 to а = 0.5218 nm sample containing 33.75 mol% ZrO2–41.25 mol% HfO2–25 mol% Eu2O3 and to а = 0.5176 nm in two-phase sample (F+M) containing 40.5 mol% ZrO2–49.5 mol% HfO2–10 mol% Eu2O3 along the section Eu2O3–(55 mol% HfO2–45 mol% ZrO2). The fluorite-type structure (F) is in equilibrium with all phases that exist in the ternary ZrO2–HfO3–Eu2O3 system at 1100 °C and forms substitutional solid solutions with phases of the binary systems. In the ZrO2–HfO2–Eu2O3 system, an infinite series of solid solutions form from the Ln2Zr2O7 (Ln2Hf2O7) (Py) phase. The isothermal section of the ZrO2–HfO2–Eu2O3 phase diagram at 1100 °C contains one three-phase regions (T + M + F) and six two-phase regions (F + C, two-F + Py, F + M, F + T, T + M). No new phases were found in the ZrO2–HfO2–Eu2O3 system at 1100 °C and the nature of phase equilibria was determined by the constitution of the boundary binary systems.
Improving the Critical Thinking Ability Science through Problem-Based Learning Model Assisted Student Worksheet Ethnoscience
Authors: Wahyuningtyas Dian Armadha , Rohmanurmeta Fauzatul Ma'rufah , Widyastuti Sri
Published: November 2023

Abstract: This research was motivated by the results of tests of critical thinking abilities in science in the pre-cycle of fifth-grade students at Kauman 2 Ponorogo Elementary School who were at a low level. Through the initial data, it was found that 80% of the 15 students had a low category critical thinking ability test score. The purpose of this study was to improve critical thinking skills in science through a Problem-Based Learning (PBL) based learning model assisted by the Ponorogo ethnoscience worksheet. The research approach used is Classroom Action Research, which adopts the stages of the Kurt Lewin cycle. The stages used in this research include: planning, action, and reflection. The research implementation lasted for two cycles with two meetings in each cycle. Based on the results of the research that has been carried out, the percentage of students' classical completeness in cycle 1 has increased by 40% to 60%. While in cycle 2 again experienced an increase of 27% to 87%. Therefore, it can be concluded that the implementation of the Problem-Based Learning model assisted by the Ponorogo ethnoscience worksheet can improve the critical thinking ability of science students in fifth grade at the elementary school level.Keywords: Problem-Based Learning, Ethnoscience, Critical Thinking Ability.Abstrak: Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh hasil tes kemampuan berpikir kritis IPA pada pra-siklus pada peserta didik kelas V SDN 2 Kauman Ponorogo yang berada pada level rendah. Melalui data awal diperoleh hasil bahwa 80% dari 15 peserta didik memiliki nilai tes kemampuan berpikir kritis dengan kategori rendah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah guna meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis IPA melalui model pembelajaran berbasis Problem-Based Learning (PBL) berbantu LKPD etnosains daerah Ponorogo. Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan yakni PTK (Penelitian Tindakan Kelas) dengan mengadopsi tahapan siklus Kurt Lewin. Adapun tahapan yang digunakan dalam penelitian meliputi: perencanaan, pelaksanaan tindakan, pengamatan, dan refleksi. Pelaksanaan penelitian berlangsung selama dua siklus dengan dua kali pertemuan setiap siklusnya. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilaksanakan, persentase ketuntasan klasikal peserta didik pada siklus 1 mengalami kenaikan sebesar 40% menjadi 60%. Sementara pada siklus 2 kembali mengalami peningkatan sebesar 27% menjadi 87%. Oleh sebab itu dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan model pembelajaran Problem-Based Learning berbantu LKPD etnosains Ponorogo dapat meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis IPA peserta didik kelas V tingkat sekolah dasar.Kata Kunci: Problem-Based Learning, Etnosains, Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis.
Meningkatkan Keterampilan Berkolaborasi Siswa SMP Melalui Model PJBL dengan Pendekatan TARL
Authors: Sholikah Siti Khofifatus , Sunarti Sunarti , Masfingatin Titin
Published: November 2023

Abstract: This study aims to determine the improvement of students' collaboration skill level in SMPN 1 Prambon, Nganjuk, grade 8-3 through the introduction of TaRL learning approach and PjBL model. This type of research is Collaborative Classroom Action Research and has been conducted for two cycles. The population of this study is 32 students from grade 8-3 at SMPN 1 Prambon. The data collection methods are questionnaires to assess collaborative skills, observation sheets to observe students' collaborative skills during the learning behavior process, post-tests and student worksheets to determine the escalation of learning outcomes, and support and reinforcement data. The results showed that the implementation of the TaRL approach utilizing the PjBL model could improve students' collaboration skills and escalation of learning outcomes. In the pre-cycle phase, the collaboration skill rate was 64%, in Cycle I it was 71%, and in Cycle II it was 84%. The escalation of students' learning outcomes, as measured by the completion rate, was 63% in the pre-cycle, 84% in Cycle I with a class average of 80.67, and 97% in Cycle II with a class average of 88.69.Keywords: Collaboration, PjBL, TaRL Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat kenaikan tingkat keterampilan berkolaborasi siswa kelas 8-3 SMPN 1 Prambon, Nganjuk melalui implementasi pendekatan pembelajaran TaRL dan model PjBL. Jenis penelitian ini ialah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas Kolaboratif dan dilaksanakan sampai 2 siklus penelitian. Subyek penelitian ini ialah 32 siswa kelas 8-3 SMPN 1 Prambon. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui penyebaran angket keterampilan berkolaborasi guna menaksir keterampilan berkolaborasi siswa, lembar observasi untuk mengamati keterampilan berkolaboarasi siswa selama proses tindakan pembelajaran, post test dan lembar kerja siswa untuk mengetahui eskalasi output belajar serta sebagai pendukung dan penguat data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi pendekatan TaRL dengan model PjBL mampu mengeskalasi keterampilan berkolaborasi dan hasil belajar siswa. Tahap pra-siklus diperoleh presentase keterampilan berkolaborasi sebesar 64%, siklus I sebesar 71%, dan siklus II sebesar 84%. Adapun eskalasi output belajar siswa dilihat presentase ketuntasan belajar, pada pra-siklus presentase ketuntasan sebesar 63%, siklus 1 sebesar 84% dengan nilai rerata kelas 80,67 dan pada siklus II dengan presentase ketuntasan mencapai 97% dengan nilai rerata kelas 88,69.Kata Kunci: Kolaborasi, PjBL, TaRL
Teatro do Oprimido com jovens em medidas socioeducativas: A construção do Projeto de Vida
Authors: Silva Mariana Cunico da , Fonseca Debora Cristina
Published: November 2023

Este artigo discute os resultados da pesquisa que buscou investigar de que modo o método cênico-pedagógico Teatro do Oprimido (TO) pode contribuir para a construção do projeto de vida de jovens em cumprimento de medidas socioeducativas (liberdade assistida) no Centro de Referência Especializado em Assistência Social (CREAS) em uma cidade do interior paulista. A pesquisa teve como universo de estudo: três grupos de adolescentes em conflito com a lei que frequentam escolas públicas e que são acompanhados pelo CREAS. Foram realizados grupos de discussões, com intervalos quinzenais, em que se utilizaram os processos sobre palavra, imagem e som (TO) como instrumentos para a abordagem do projeto de vida. Os dados coletados foram registrados no diário de campo, organizados e analisados conforme a análise de conteúdo de Laurence Bardin. Como resultado, constatou-se que os jovens, de modo geral, possuem identidade estigmatizada, na qual seus corpos detêm uma mecanização e estão subordinados ao estado e a instituições que violam seus direitos. Concluímos, assim, que é necessário um processo de desmecanização de seus corpos e mentes para que a mudança de concepção sobre si mesmos possa suceder e possibilitar a elaboração e a construção de seus projetos de vida, permeadas por discussões na socioeducação que considerem os anseios e as identidades reais dos jovens.
Dossiê “A imagem do mundo: leitura, escrita e ensino” e Entrevista com o professor Jader Janer Moreira Lopes (UFJF)
Authors: Pezzato João Pedro , Gracioli Filipe Rafael , Mello Bruno Falararo de , Costa Christiane Fernanda da , Melo Eliane Pimentel Camillo Barra Nova de , Almeida Francis Silva de , Lopes Jader Janer Moreira , Mariano Maria Teresa , Rocha Michele Saionara Aparecida Lopes de Lima , Calandro Thiago Luiz
Published: November 2023

Apresentação do Dossiê “A imagem do mundo: leitura, escrita e ensino” e Entrevista com o professor Jader Janer Moreira Lopes (UFJF)
The Effects of Hedgerows Shading on Soil Temperature and Gravimetric Soil Water Content
Authors: Borec Andreja , Lešnik Tina , Kraner Šumenjak Tadeja , Muršec Mateja
Published: November 2023

This study sets out to examine the effects of hedgerow shading on soil physical properties, specifically soil gravimetric water content and soil temperature. Analyses of both soil parameters were conducted at two locations with different shade proportion. The aim of the study was to address the links between hedgerow shading and basic physical soil properties which could be significant both for agricultural production and for ecological processes in agroecosystems. At both locations, soil samples and measurements were taken at different distances from hedgerow and in different time intervals. Diurnal shading variation at certain distances from the hedgerow on Location 1 and 2 was calculated with the software toll for Arboriculturists. At Location 1 shading is consistently high throughout the year, ranging from 76 to 100%. In contrast, shading at Location 2 varies from 1 to 25%. The results reveal that hedgerows at Location 1, do not have a statistically significant impact on gravimetric soil water content and soil temperature across the entire plot surface. Additionally, the percentage of shading is only marginally decreases with distance. Conversely, Location 2 exhibits an increase in soil temperature and a slight but (non-significant) decrease in soil gravimetric watercontent as the distance from the hedgerow increases., The total mean shading at Location 2 is considerably lower compared to Location 1, and the shading percentage declines more at the distance from the hedgerow increases. Overall, lower soil temperatures and higher gravimetric soil water content where observed at the more shaded Location 1. The research outcomes are helpful in agricultural production planning as well as in the evaluation of hedgerows for the needs of agricultural policy.
Overview of Communication Activities and a Plan to Improve Public Perception of Food Additives
Authors: Starman Ana , Mičović Elizabeta , Langerholc Tomaž
Published: November 2023

Food additives are considered a high-risk factor by the EU and Slovenian consumers, although they are strictly regulated by the authorities and pose a low risk to consumers. However, risk communication about food additives is challenging and involves the interactive exchange of information about hazards, taking into account the risk perception of the target groups. A plan for communication activities aimed at improving public perception of food additives was structured based on the review of scientific literature and the overview of previous communication efforts communicated by various information sources to raise awareness among the Slovenian public from January 2015 to January 2022. The overview included governmental and nongovernmental organizations that are credible sources of information on food safety for Slovenian consumers at the national and EU level. The objective was to develop an effective communication plan on food additives with defined objectives, target groups, key communication messages, communication activities, tools, and channels. The proposed plan can serve as a good basis for launching an effective awareness campaign on food additives to reduce public concern and improve the knowledge of averageconsumers about the use of additives in food.
Diversity Analysis of Adult Chironomidae in the Lake Victoria Basin of Kenya
Authors: Otieno Walter Odhiambo , Mosi Reuben Oyoo , Bulli Peter
Published: November 2023

Chironomidae commonly inhabits most aquatic habitats and often dominate aquatic insect communities in abundance and species richness. Despite their ecological importance, the diversity and distribution of chironomids in the Lake Victoria ecosystem of Kenya have not been studied to date. Here we report on the diversity and distribution of adult Chironomidae in Usenge, Mbita and Ogal beaches of the Lake Victoria ecosystem in Kenya using morphological features and sequence data of Cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene. Wing venation-based microscopic characterization identified four genera, Tanypus, Coelotanypus, Dicrotendipes and Chironomus. The COI gene barcoding further revealed several species, including Kiefferulus brevibucca, Chironomus flaviplumus, Polypedilum fuscovittatum, Polypedilum sp. and Dicrotendipes sp. The identified species were grouped into three clusters based on neighbor-joining phylogenetic approach. Differences in species richness were observed among the three study sites, with Mbita exhibiting the highest species richness. The evolutionary analysis revealed relatedness among all the identified species, suggesting a shared recent common ancestor. Unlike previous studies, this study represents thefirst report on detailed characterization of Chironomidae in the Lake Victoria ecosystem of Kenya. Moreover, this study serves as a first step towards a comprehensive understanding of the range of species of Chironomidae inhabiting this ecosystem.
Exploratory Research on Comparing Breast Pumps: Using Data to Objectively Evaluate Pump Qualities
Authors: Tolman Allison
Published: November 2023

Objective:By understanding the terminology, functionality, and metrics that matter in breast pumps, both lactation professionals and pump users will be able to better identify, compare, and effectively use breast pumps for efficient milk removal.

Methods:A device was created (breast pump vacuum monitoring system) that monitors and logs pressure data with respect to time and generates a pressure/time graph for a visual representation of breast pump performance in addition to providing max/min pressures, average pressure, and periodic cycle time estimations.

Results:This exploratory testing showed that breast pumps varied widely in their abilities to maintain effective vacuum suction during simultaneous pumping. Maximum suction data points often refer to single-sided pumping. Cycles per minute (CPM) vary widely as well across breast pumps but can be categorized into two main ranges of 10–70 CPM (expression) and 60–120 CPM (stimulation). We found four major categories of suction patterns in our testing: standard pull and release, microvibration, constant suction, and combination patterns. A combination of these metrics makes up an individual pump’s unique programming.

Conclusions:Breast pumps are a complex combination of vacuum strength, cycle speeds, and suction pattern, all of which must be optimized appropriately to function effectively. The lack of available important metrics on individual breast pumps, along with an incomplete understanding of the data presented in popular pump marketing, provides a difficult scenario for evaluating and comparing breast pumps.
Pumping Knowledge and Information Needs of Lactation Care Providers
Authors: Anders Lisa , Yasin Reham
Published: November 2023

Objective:Expressing (pumping) human milk is a widespread practice among breastfeeding parents in the United States. However, parents report receiving conflicting information from healthcare providers about pumping. Therefore, the purpose of this qualitative descriptive study was to explore lactation care providers’ (LCPs) training, knowledge, and information needs related to pumping.

Methods:Fifteen LCPs enrolled and participated in semistructured interviews that were analyzed by the authors to extract themes.

Results:The authors identified three main themes:Gaining Knowledge,Confidence in Basic Principles, andFlange and Pump Uncertainties. These participants felt that they were taught the basic principles about pumping initially but did not feel they were provided enough initial formal training on hands-on skills related to pumping, especially flange fitting.

Conclusion:More research and training are needed on flange fitting. New LCPs in the United States may need to seek additional training and mentorship to become competent in pumping support.
Tax Treaty Shopping and Developing Countries: Serious Potential for Tax Revenue Losses
Authors: van 't Riet Maarten , Lejour Arjan
Published: November 2023

Analysis of the international network of double tax treaties reveals a large potential for tax avoidance. Developing countries are not, on average, more likely to suffer from tax revenue losses than other countries. Yet, this average masks that several countries, such as Bangladesh, Egypt, Kenya, Indonesia, Uganda and Zambia, are all vulnerable to substantial potential losses of withholding tax revenue by treaty shopping. The treaties responsible for this are referred to as potentially aggressive tax treaties. This is concluded by two Dutch economists and tax scholars, in a study commissioned by ICTD. Summary of Working Paper 173.
Not-So-Freeway: Informal Highway Taxation and Armed Groups in North-East India
Authors: Thakur Shalaka
Published: November 2023

What are the effects of rebel taxation? Along arterial roads in north-east India, various non state armed groups collect ‘tax’ – of different types and amounts, with varied degrees of coercion and systematisation. Based on extensive fieldwork, including 100 interviews with non-state armed groups, businesspeople and state actors, this paper uses the lens of the transit economy in the Indian state of Manipur along the Indo-Myanmar border to identify the long-term effects of rebel taxes and the taxation ecosystem. It finds that taxation by armed groups shapes the business environment, has pervasive implications on the legitimacy of state governance, and creates a political order that lies between active conflict and peace. The paper further shows that these effects of rebel taxation can be best understood through an interplay of institutional factors, the number of groups present, and the relationship between the state and rebel groups.
Children with Disabilities’, their Parents’ and Teachers’ Changing Perceptions and Experiences of Disability Inclusive ECDE in 2 Sites in Kenya
Authors: Wickenden Mary , Njungi Josephine , Rohwerder Brigitte
Published: November 2023

This report present findings from the second phase of participatory qualitative research for a project in Kenya which is aiming to develop understanding and practice of disability inclusive early child development and education (IECDE). The research was carried out with a small team of nine people with disabilities who were involved as ‘peer researchers’, working with the support of a Kenyan consultant to undertake the focus group discussions and interviews with children, parents and teachers in the two districts which are very different from each other.