bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“Feeling It”: Links between elements of compassion and sexual well-being
Authors: Fraser Ashley M. , Leavitt Chelom E. , Yorgason Jeremy B. , Price Amber A.
Published: January 2023

Introduction

Compassion may be a particularly important component of a sexual relationship as it facilitates needed self-awareness, understanding, and connection to frame deeply intimate expressions of sexual emotion and vulnerability. Given the lack of research on how broad concepts of compassionate elements may be linked to sexual well-being, we examine how mindfulness (an ability to maintain awareness in the present moment), compassionate relational attitudes (i.e., accessibility, responsiveness, and engagement), and compassionate relational behaviors (i.e., forgiveness and gratitude), are linked to sexual well-being (sexual harmony, orgasm consistency, and sexual frequency), and sexual mindfulness (a state of being mindful during sex) for oneself and one’s partner.

Methods

We constructed an actor partner structural equation model with newly married couples (n = 2,111) and regressed sexual outcomes at time 1 and time 2 on each partner’s compassionate attitudes, behaviors and mindfulness reported at time 1.

Results

Results showed that cross-sectionally, nearly all elements of one’s compassion related to one’s own sexual well-being for both partners. Strongest paths included positive significant relations for women between mindfulness and non-judgment and from compassionate relational attitudes and behaviors to sexual harmony. Men’s compassionate behaviors were positively related to their own sexual awareness. Perhaps more importantly, women’s and men’s compassionate behaviors had significant effects on their partner’s sexual well-being longitudinally.

Discussion

Implications include an emphasis on compassion as a key mechanism that can increase sexual satisfaction and strengthen relationships, particularly in the critical time of early marriage where patterns of interconnectedness are being established.
COVID-19 vaccination intention: The combined role of pathogen disgust and trust in government
Authors: Peng Shun , Chen Jiwen , Xu Lei
Published: January 2023

The present study aimed to investigate the joint effect of pathogen disgust and trust in government on COVID-19 vaccination intention and to examine the mediating role of COVID-19 worry. The data was collected from July to September 2021 in mainland China by using Questionnaire Star, 2,244 valid cases were obtained among a total of 2,251 participants investigated, with an effective rate of 89.37%. The results indicated the following: (1) Individuals’ COVID-19 vaccination intention was significantly higher when “congruence was high” than when “congruence was low”, given comparable levels of pathogen disgust and trust in government. (2) There were no significant differences in individual COVID-19 vaccination intention with incongruence levels of pathogen disgust and trust in government. (3) The combination of pathogen disgust and trust in government can influence COVID-19 vaccination intention through COVID-19 worry. Findings illustrate that individuals with high trust in government and pathogen disgust have higher intentions. Trust in government and pathogen disgust positively predicted COVID-19 worry and reinforced individuals’ intention to COVID-19 vaccination. The results have important implications for the future prevention and control of the new coronavirus, as well as providing a new perspective on COVID-19 vaccination intentions.
More spiritual than religious: Concurrent and longitudinal relations with personality traits, mystical experiences, and other individual characteristics
Authors: Chen Zhuo Job , Cowden Richard G. , Streib Heinz
Published: January 2023

People who self-identify as predominantly spiritual constitute a considerable and well-established part of the religious landscape in North America and Europe. Thus, further research is needed to document predictors, correlates, and outcomes associated with self-identifying primarily as a spiritual person. In the following set of studies, we contribute to some of these areas using data from German and United States adults. Study 1 (n = 3,491) used cross-sectional data to compare four religious/spiritual (R/S) self-identity groups—more religious than spiritual (MRTS), more spiritual than religious (MSTR), equally religious and spiritual (ERAS), and neither religious nor spiritual (NRNS)—on sociodemographic characteristics and a range of criterion variables (i.e., Big Five personality traits, psychological well-being, generativity, mystical experiences, religious schemata). In Study 2 (n = 751), we applied the analytic template for outcome-wide longitudinal designs to examine associations of the four R/S self-identifications with a range of subsequent outcomes (assessed approximately 3 years later) that were largely comparable to the criterion variables assessed in Study 1. The cross-sectional and longitudinal findings from these complementary studies provide further evidence of differences between these four categories of R/S self-identification, including strong evidence in both studies of an association between the MSTR self-identity and mysticism.
Ethical leadership and workplace behavior in the education sector: The implications of employees' ethical work behavior
Authors: Guo Fengrui , Xue Zhongyi , He Jiaxu , Yasmin Fakhra
Published: January 2023

The study aimed to examine the effect of ethical leadership on employees' ethical work behavior. Furthermore, this study examined the mediating role of organizational commitment in the relationship between ethical leadership and employees' ethical work behavior. This study was conducted in a public-sector educational organization, and 500 questionnaires were distributed among targeted employees. Out of these, 400 valid responses were received from individuals working in the education sector in China. The findings showed a positive and significant impact of ethical leadership on employees' ethical work behavior. We found that organizational commitment also significantly mediates the relationship between ethical leadership and employees' ethical work behavior. The practical implications of the current study are useful for all organizations in the public sector. As ethical leadership is positively related to employees' work behavior, we recommend that organizations should develop and conduct such training programs to promote ethical work behavior. Leaders with a strong sense of ethics should be hired to encourage ethical work behavior within the organization. Furthermore, organizations can conduct management training programs, seminars, and workshops to encourage such behavior. Ethical behavior can be encouraged among employees by making it a clear requirement of their jobs. To achieve positive results, top management and leadership must educate employees on the value and importance of ethical behavior in the workplace.
Passion for an activity and its role on affect: Does personality and the type of activity matter?
Authors: Mylonopoulos Nikolaos , Theoharakis Vasilis
Published: January 2023

While personality traits play a crucial role in a person’s general affect, passion for an activity has been shown to partially mediate this relationship, with harmonious passion generally related to positive affect and obsessive passion to negative affect. However, activities are not all the same with some characterized as having “positive” consequences while others as having “negative” consequences. This study examines how passions manifest for two popular activities: physical exercise, an activity with in general “positive” consequences, and social media, an activity with potentially both “positive” and “negative” consequences. We replicate and extend earlier studies which have relied on baskets of heterogenous self-reported activities without distinguishing between activities. We find that, when fully controlling for personality, obsessive passion for physical exercise is positively associated with positive affect while obsessive passion for social media is positively associated with negative affect. However, harmonious passion for either activity has no significant association with any affect. Further, we find that passions for physical exercise relate with conscientiousness while passions for social media with neuroticism.
Experimental study on the influence of virtual tourism spatial situation on the tourists’ temperature comfort in the context of metaverse
Authors: Huang Xiao-Ting , Wang Jiahui , Wang Zhihui , Wang Linqiang , Cheng Chenfei
Published: January 2023

The Metaverse is a new application of the internet and social form which integrates a myriad of new technologies. It can not only create a parallel space that is closely connected to the real world while highly independent, but also bring the immersive experience of virtual scenarios without delay. The virtual tourism space situations that integrate realistic visual, audio, and temperature sensations can restore the real tourism environment to the greatest extent, and improve tourists’ perception and satisfaction with the experience. The purpose of this experimental lab study is to examine the effects of the virtual tourism audio-visual conditions and environmental temperature on tourists’ thermal sensation and temperature comfort. VR equipment and microclimate simulation technology was applied in a 3 × 2 × 2 experimental design (n = 180), simulating the virtual tourism scenarios. Electrocardiogram devices were also employed to assess participants’ physiological indicators. Study results suggest that: (1) Virtual tourism spatial situations (environmental temperature and audio-visual conditions) significantly affect participants’ thermal sensation and part of the physiological indicators; (2) Virtual tourism spatial situations (environmental temperature and audio-visual conditions) significantly affect participants’ temperature comfort; and (3) Physiological responses (indicators) mediate the effect from tourism spatial situations to temperature comfort. The study mainly contributes to the literature about virtual tourism experience and spatial situations under the concept of the Metaverse, as well as provides theoretical and managerial implications for the development of “immersive” virtual tourism scenarios.
Enhanced recognition of disgusted expressions occurs in spite of attentional avoidance at encoding
Authors: Zalmenson Tom , Azriel Omer , Bar-Haim Yair
Published: January 2023

Introduction

Negative emotional content is prioritized in memory. Prioritized attention to negative stimuli has been suggested to mediate this valence-memory association. However, research suggests only a limited role for attention in this observed memory advantage. We tested the role of attention in memory for disgusted facial expressions, a powerful social–emotional stimulus.

Methods

We measured attention using an incidental, free-viewing encoding task and memory using a surprise memory test for the viewed expressions.

Results and Discussion

Replicating prior studies, we found increased attentional dwell-time for neutral over disgusted expressions at encoding. However, contrary to the attention-memory link hypothesis, disgusted faces were better remembered than neutral faces. Although dwell-time was found to partially mediate the association between valence and memory, this effect was much weaker than the opposite direct effect. These findings point to independence of memory for disgusted faces from attention during encoding.
Weight management strategies in Middle-Aged Women (MAW): Development and validation of a questionnaire based on the Oxford Food and Activity Behaviors Taxonomy (OxFAB-MAW) in a Portuguese sample
Authors: Leitão Mafalda , Hartmann-Boyce Jamie , Pérez-López Faustino R. , Marôco João , Pimenta Filipa
Published: January 2023

Background

The Oxford Food and Activity Behaviors (OxFAB) taxonomy systematize the cognitive-behavioral strategies adopted by individuals who are attempting to manage their weight. The present study aimed to (1) develop a questionnaire based on the OxFAB taxonomy, specifically adapted for middle-aged women—the OxFAB-MAW—stage of life and sex, which present a high incidence of obesity, (2) assess the psychometric properties of this tool, and (3) evaluate the discriminative power of the OxFAB-MAW (normal weight vs. obesity).

Methods

Overall, 1,367 Portuguese middle-aged women between 45 and 65 years (M = 52.3, SD = 5.15) filled in a sociodemographic, health, and menopause-related questionnaire, as well as the OxFAB-MAW.

Results

Confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated an acceptable model fit (comparative fit index = 0.928, Tucker–Lewis index = 0.913, root mean square error of approximation = 0.072, and standardized root mean square residual = 0.054). Five domains with one item were grouped into other domains, and the Weight Management Aids domain was also removed. The OxFAB-MAW showed factorial, convergent, discriminant, and external validity, as well as composite reliability.

Conclusion

The OxFAB-MAW questionnaire is a valid, reliable, and theory-driven tool for assessing weight management strategies in middle-aged women, being able to discriminate between clinical and non-clinical groups (normal weight vs. obesity) in several domains. This instrument can be used to gather valid and reliable data, useful in both research and clinical settings (especially focused on structuring interventions and preventive obesity programs within this specific life cycle stage).
Development and status of moral education research: Visual analysis based on knowledge graph
Authors: Chen Jingying , Liu Yidan , Dai Jian , Wang Chengliang
Published: January 2023

Introduction

Moral education is an educational process of the continuation, construction, and transformation of moral and social norms, and is an important guarantee for the sustainable vitality of human morality.

Methods

With bibliometrics applied and VOSviewer and CiteSpace as tools, this paper systematically analyzes 497 articles published in the Social Sciences Citation Index of Web of Science core collection from 2000 to 2022 in the field of moral education research.

Results

By quantifying specific performance information in the field of moral education in terms of authors, journals, organizations and countries, this paper identifies the highly productive authors and organizations, as well as core journals (i.e., the Journal of Moral Education). A cluster analysis is used to show the knowledge structure, and an evolutionary analysis to present the macro-development trend of moral education.

Discussion

In this paper, the comprehensive description of the research topics on moral education clarifies the development model and disciplinary prospect of the moral education research, and provides theoretical and practical support for the continuous development and application practice of the moral education research.
The effect of COVID-19 risk perception on pro-environmental behavior of Chinese consumers: Perspectives from affective event theory
Authors: Zhou Shuai
Published: January 2023

Introduction

COVID-19 has altered human cognition and changed the cultural values of society. However, there has not been much debate among scholars about whether these above changes have led to an increase in pro-environmental behavior (PEB) of Chinese consumers.

Methods

A comprehensive model was developed based on affective event theory. An online questionnaire was distributed, and 501 usable questionnaires were collected. In addition, two complementary approaches were employed: partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) and necessary condition analysis (NCA).

Results

The PLS-SEM results showed that COVID-19 risk perception, nostalgia, the awe of nature, and attitude were found to have a positive effect on PEB; and the moderating effect of power distance belief (PD) between nostalgia (NO), attitude (AT) and PEB was confirmed. According to the NCA results, AT and NO are necessary conditions for the PEB of consumers.

Discussion

This study provides deeper insight into the understanding of consumers’ pro-environmental behavior in the context of COVID-19 through the combined use of PLS-SEM and NCA.
Critical events at critical times? A gendered identity approach on the path to (sustainable) leadership
Authors: Gloor Jamie L. , Rehbock Stephanie K. , Kark Ronit
Published: January 2023

The early career phase is a key period of identity maintenance and change. But, it is also ripe with important, attention-grabbing occurrences (i.e., critical events) that may modify these processes, particularly influencing women’s leadership pursuit. Because previous research has overlooked if or how such events might alter identifying or if these processes differ for people who identify as men and women, we integrate the identity and critical events literatures to elaborate on how positive and negative critical events may shape men and women’s identifying in the work- and non-work domains over time. We propose that critical events’ effects on identity salience will occur both within and across domains, but that these effects will be stronger within (vs. across) domains. While both positive and negative events can exert negative effects on subsequent identity salience, we propose that the effects of critical events on identity salience may be stronger for women (vs. men). Finally, we connect work identity salience with subsequent leadership status, including contextual moderators that enhance or undermine these effects (i.e., inclusive organizational climate and mega-threats, respectively). We conclude with theoretical and practical implications of this research, including for workforce efficiency and social sustainability. We also highlight calls for future research stemming from our review [e.g., sustainability critical events and gendered analyses for (more) accurate science] as well as fruitful research areas and innovative practices at the work-non-work interface for professionals on the path to leadership.
An investigation of foreign language writing anxiety and its reasons among pre-service EFL teachers in Pakistan
Authors: Rasool Ushba , Qian Jiancheng , Aslam Muhammad Zammad
Published: January 2023

Psychologically complicated by nature, anxiety refers to feelings of worry, fear, or apprehension. Several research studies have been devoted to exploring anxiety's effects on language skills, including writing. Since foreign language anxiety directly influences a learner's motivation and determination to learn that language, it is imperative to study the findings and reasons behind these anxious feelings. One-third of foreign language learners have been experiencing at least a moderate level of anxiety. Researchers have attempted to investigate the causes of anxiety among foreign language pre-service teachers. The present study objectifies two goals to determine the extent of writing anxiety, followed by reasons and references to the role of gender. Seventy-two pre-service teachers of the English language training department from the University of Education, Multan, Pakistan, were selected for the study using convenience sampling. Second language writing anxiety inventory (SLWAI) and second language writing anxiety reasons inventory (SLWARI) were used to collect data, and semi-structured interviews were taken with students. The findings presented no difference in anxiety levels between genders, whereas cognitive anxiety type was distinctive in results. Most of the participants experienced high and medium levels of anxiety.
Urban housing prices, female labor participation, and economic development in china: A theoretical and empirical analysis
Authors: Li Yuan , Khan Jamal , Mahsud Qaiser Jamal
Published: January 2023

China's housing distribution system has undergone a major transformation, and the country's housing markets have experienced a rapid price increase. However, the extent to which urban housing prices influence female labor participation (FLP) in labor decision-making and how the FLP rate affects economic development has not been sufficiently investigated. Accordingly, we first build a theoretical neoclassical economic development model that includes housing consumption factors to estimate the effect of housing price dynamics on FLP. We then use the 2017 China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) database to empirically estimate the intrinsic relationship between urban housing prices, FLP, and economic development through the lens of the balanced growth path, and we come up with four main findings. First, the theoretical model demonstrates that rising housing prices increase FLP, stimulating economic development. However, an excessive increase in housing prices will undermine women's ability to drive economic development. Second, the empirical evidence shows that a unit increase in housing prices increases the probability of FLP by 0.186%. Third, the effects of housing prices on economic development vary across China's Eastern, Central, and Northeastern regions. Finally, the threshold model shows that FLP positively influences economic development until the housing price logarithm reaches 8.8134, after which FLP's beneficial effect on economic development will be diminished.
Personality traits and meat consumption: The mediating role of animal-related ethical concerns
Authors: Haefner Gonzalo , Schobin Janosch , Risius Antje
Published: January 2023

Prior research suggests that personality traits are associated with meat consumption. However, this association is not uniform across all types of meat. For instance, Big Five personality traits such as openness and agreeableness are negatively associated with red meat consumption but positively associated with fish. Using a large sample of Chilean university students (N= 1,149), we examined whether these differential meat consumption patterns can be explained by an intermediary variable of animal-related ethical values. Structural equation modeling was employed to test the hypothesized associations. The results suggest that animal-related ethical values mediate the effect of certain personality traits on the consumption of beef and poultry.
How does burnout relate to daily work-related rumination and well-being of psychotherapists? A daily diary study among psychotherapeutic practitioners
Authors: Gossmann Katharina , Schmid Regina Franziska , Loos Carina , Orthmann Alessandra Barbara Anneliese , Rosner Rita , Barke Antonia
Published: January 2023

Objective

This is the first study to use a daily diary design to investigate the relationship between daily work-related rumination (WRR), daily well-being, and burnout symptoms among psychotherapeutic practitioners.

Method

In total, N = 58 psychotherapeutic practitioners participated in the study. For 4 weeks, the participants received a daily evening prompt on weekdays asking about their WRR and well-being. The burnout level of the psychotherapists was assessed using Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) prior to the daily diary period and afterward. The MBI measures the level of work-related distress on three subscales: emotional exhaustion (EE), depersonalization (DP), and personal achievement (PA). Two main analyses were performed: Based on the hierarchical structure of the data we performed random intercept and slopes models. These models examined the association between daily WRR and daily well-being, and the relationship between pre-burnout and daily WRR and daily mood. Secondly, linear regressions with the post-MBI subscales as criterion and the daily diary variables as predictors were calculated to assess their contribution to post-burnout.

Results

The compliance rate in our study was 76.8%. Daily WRR and pre-assessment EE were associated with all aspects of reduced daily well-being: bad mood, increased nervousness, and tiredness after work. Daily tiredness and nervousness played a differential role in predicting post-burnout.

Conclusion

Our results indicated that daily rumination and pre-EE were associated with reduced daily well-being. As we are the first to present a daily diary study among psychotherapists, we examined the feasibility of the daily diary design in particular and ecological momentary assessment (EMA) in general in this population. Compliance rates compared well with other EMA studies, indicating that EMAs were a feasible assessment option for psychotherapeutic practitioners.
Disease information disclosure among patients with mental illness and their family members in China
Authors: Wang Yi , An Siyao , Yang Xun , Zhang Zhuoqiu , Li Shuiying , Yao Jing , Chen Ying , Deng Hong
Published: January 2023

Objective

The disclosure of mental illness is a first and crucial step in alleviating stigma and promoting mental recovery. However, at present, there is a lack of research on this subject in the Chinese context. Therefore, we conducted this survey among patients with mental illness and their family members and analyzed the influencing factors.

Methods

Questionnaires were distributed to qualified patients with mental illness and their family members, who were enrolled from the inpatient departments of two major mental health centers in China. Hierarchical linear regression analysis was used to evaluate the factors affecting the disclosure of disease information by patients with mental illness and their family members.

Results

A total of 153 patients and 159 family members were included. The percentages of patients and family members who intended to disclose disease information were 34.6 and 18.2%, respectively. Regarding the benefits of being out (BBO), marital status and the number of hospitalizations explained 13.1% of the variance, and stigma explained 4.3% of the variance. Regarding the reasons for staying in (RSI), marital status and family history of mental illness explained 14.4% of the variance, and stigma explained 14.8% of the variance. In the model predicting the influencing factors of family member disclosure, stigma was a predictor of both BBO and RSI, explaining 8.1 and 8.7% of the variance, respectively.

Conclusion

Both patients and their families were more reluctant than willing to disclose. Marital status, number of hospitalizations and family history of mental illness were all influencing factors of patients’ intentions to disclose disease information. Stigma is closely related to disclosure intention and plays an important role in the disclosure intentions of patients and their families. This suggests that the disclosure of disease information is complex, and many factors need to be considered. Disclosure guidelines should be tailored to individuals.
A quality assessment of clinical practice guidelines with recommendations for family involvement in the care of individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia, bipolar mood disorder, and major depressive disorder: Critical appraisal utilizing AGREE II
Authors: Dehbozorgi Raziye , Fereidooni-Moghadam Malek , Shahriari Mohsen , Moghimi-Sarani Ebrahim
Published: January 2023

Introduction

Evidence suggests that family-center collaborative care is useful for individuals identified with chronic mental illness. Clinical practice guidelines offer specific recommendations primarily based on to be had studies and are beneficial in informing evidence-based practice and guiding destiny studies.

Objective

Identify current scientific practice guidelines including family-center collaborative care suggestions for individuals with Bipolar Mood Disorder, Schizophrenia, and Major Depressive Disorder and analyze the selection of guidelines for their methodological quality.

Methods

A systematic search was conducted on seven electronic databases (G-I-N), (NICE), (MOH), (SIGN), (WHO), (NIH) and (APA) and additional sources. Three referees independently reviewed articles and selected guidelines for inclusion criteria. Subsequently, 18 trained appraisers independently assessed all 15 guidelines using AGREE II.

Results

The mean scores for domains and overall quality were computed. For the overall assessment of the guidelines, 60% reached the quality threshold with domain scores of 60%. The overall average quality rating for these guidelines was 58/29%.

Conclusion

The applicability of the guidelines needs to be improved in order to improve their relevance and clinical utilization. As individuals with chronic mental illnesses progress through their disease course, families and health care providers play a crucial role in helping them. The analysis of research knowledge on effective rehabilitation techniques, including the involvement of families in treatment, can be enhanced by using well-developed and appropriate methods.
Frailty among inpatients with Schizophrenia: Status, influencing factors, and their correlation with quality of life
Authors: Yang Cui , Hou Xiaofeng , Ma Xiucheng , Wu Dongmei
Published: January 2023

Objective

This study aimed to understand frailty and its influencing factors in inpatients with Schizophrenia in Chengdu and to explore correlations between frailty and quality of life.

Methods

From May to July 2022, inpatients with Schizophrenia were surveyed using a general information questionnaire, frailty phenotype (FP) scoring, the Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and the SZ Quality of Life Scale (SQLS). Multivariate logistic regression was conducted to assess factors influencing frailty and multivariate linear regression was conducted to assess the factors influencing quality of life.

Results

A total of 556 hospitalized patients with Schizophrenia were included and divided into three groups according to the degree of frailty, of which 153 cases (27.5%) were without frailty, 348 cases (62.6%) were in early frailty, and 55 cases (9.9%) were in frailty. Univariate analysis of age, history of falls during hospitalization, polypharmacy, compulsory treatment during hospitalization, self-reported health status, activity level, cognitive impairment, depressive symptoms, “psychology and society,” “motivation and energy” and “symptoms and side-effects” showed statistically significant differences between the groups. Multinomial logistic regression showed that age, BMI, self-reported health, activity, cognitive impairment, motivation and energy, and symptoms and side-effects were influencing factors for frailty in hospitalized patients with Schizophrenia. Correlation analysis shows that frailty score positively correlated with SQLS score.

Conclusion

We found that frailty was prevalent and that frailty was positively correlated with SQLS scores in inpatients with Schizophrenia. To effectively manage the frailty of hospitalized patients with Schizophrenia, medical staff should pay attention to its influencing factors and quality of life.
Association between childhood trauma, intimate partner violence, and perceived parental competence among women abusing amphetamine-type stimulant
Authors: Wahab Suzaily , Sivarajah Rubini , Azmi Amirul Danial , Chemi Norliza , Mahadevan Raynuha
Published: January 2023

Introduction

This cross-sectional study examines the correlation between childhood trauma, intimate partner violence (IPV), and parenting self-efficacy among women who reported using amphetamine-type stimulants (ATS) in an institutional drug rehabilitation center.

Methods

A total of 106 participants were recruited by purposive sampling, of which 88 were mothers. Questionnaires were used to collect sociodemographic data and study variables.

Results

Most of these women had experienced emotional abuse, sexual abuse, and physical neglect in their childhood. IPV assessments revealed that 70.5% (n = 74) and 30.5% (n = 32) had experienced physical and sexual violence, respectively. In terms of parenting competency, they scored 79.5% for self-efficacy and 54.4% for parenting satisfaction. Childhood emotional abuse significantly increases the odds of individuals experiencing sexual violence by 20.9%.

Discussion

We found that childhood trauma and IPV did not have a significant relationship with parenting efficacy. Conversely, childhood emotional abuse and physical abuse were negatively correlated to parenting satisfaction. It is imperative that any form of childhood abuse be recognized and stopped early to reduce the harm it brings to women later in life.
Cognitive network reconstruction in individuals who use opioids compared to those who do not: Topological analysis of cognitive function through graph model and centrality measures
Authors: Gharahi Elnaz , Soraya Shiva , Ahmadkhaniha Hamidreza , Sadeghi Bahman , Haghshenas Mandana , Bozorgmehr Ali
Published: January 2023

Introduction

Cognitive dysfunction related to opioid use disorder (OUD) requires investigation of the interconnected network of cognitive domains through behavioral experiments and graph data modeling.

Methods

We conducted n-back, selective and divided attention, and Wisconsin card sorting tests and reconstructed the interactive cognitive network of subscales or domains for individuals who use opioids and controls to identify the most central cognitive functions and their connections using graph model analysis. Each two subscales with significant correlations were connected by an edge that incorporated in formation of interactive networks. Each network was analyzed topologically based on the betweenness and closeness centrality measures.

Results

Results from the network reconstructed for individuals who use opioids show that in the divided attention module, reaction time and number of commission errors were the most central subscales of cognitive function. Whereas in controls, the number of correct responses and commission errors were the most central cognitive measure. We found that the subscale measures of divided attention module are significantly correlated with those of other tests. These findings corroborate that persons who use opioids show impaired divided attention as higher reaction time and errors in performing tasks. Divided attention is the most central cognitive function in both OUD subjects and controls, although differences were observed between the two groups in various subscales.

Discussion

Although equal proportions of males and females may be used in future studies, divided attention and its subscales may be the most promising target for cognitive therapies, treatments and rehabilitation as their improvement can enhance overall cognitive domain performance.
Rural mothers' beliefs and practices about diagnosis, treatment, and management of children health problems: A qualitative study in marginalized Southern Pakistan
Authors: Ahmed Farooq , Malik Najma Iqbal , Zia Sidra , Akbar Abdul Samad , Li Xiaoyu , Shahid Muhammad , Tang Kun
Published: January 2023

Introduction

Appropriate health-seeking beliefs and practices are indispensable for the survival and development of children. In this study, we explore childcare beliefs and practices of rural mothers and analyze the different ways childhood illness is diagnosed and managed in a marginalized rural community in Southern Pakistan.

Methods

Using purposive sampling, in-depth interviews are conducted to obtain qualitative data from 20 illiterate and rural mothers in addition to 15 healthcare providers in the district Rajanpur of South Punjab.

Results and discussion

The findings reveal that rural mothers' access to healthcare and therapeutic programs is impeded due to geographical isolation, structural inequalities, poverty, and illiteracy. Consequently, evil eyes, witchcraft, and spirits are recognized as potential threats to children's health and nutrition. Therefore, the treatment of childhood morbidity and malnutrition is mostly performed with folk, domestic, herbal, magico-religious remedies, and spiritual healing methods. The current study also highlights that many low-income and rural mothers tend to normalize childhood illness when they become unable to advocate for their children's health and nutrition. Besides improving low-income mothers' access to healthcare facilities, health education and risk communication at the field level through field health staff could be most effective for health promotion.
Maternal exposure to ambient air pollution and risk of congenital heart defects in Suzhou, China
Authors: Sun Li , Wu Qianlan , Wang Huiying , Liu Juning , Shao Yan , Xu Rong , Gong Tian , Peng Xiaoju , Zhang Baoli
Published: January 2023

Background

More and more studies have investigated the association between maternal exposure to ambient air pollution during pregnancy and incidence of congenital heart defects (CHDs), but results are controversial. The aim of this study was to investigate whether maternal exposure to air pollutants (PM10, PM2.5, NO2, CO, SO2) are associated with an increased risk of congenital heart defects in Suzhou city, China.

Methods

Based on the birth defect monitoring system of Suzhou city and the Environmental Health Department of Suzhou CDC, the birth defect monitoring data and concentrations of five air pollutants (PM10, PM2.5, NO2, CO, SO2) in Suzhou city from 2015 to 2019 were obtained. The distribution of demographic characteristics of children with birth defects and exposure to air pollutant concentrations during different pregnancy periods were analyzed, Chi-square test was used to analyze whether there were statistical differences in the distribution of parturient woman age, pregnant weeks, times of pregnancy, as well as fetal sex and birth weight among children with congenital heart defects and other defects. Logistic regression model was further established to calculate the adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association between exposure to these ambient air pollutants during pregnancy and CHDs.

Results

A total of 5,213 infants with birth defects were recruited in this study from 2015 to 2019, the top five birth defects in Suzhou were syndactyly, congenital heart disease, ear malformation, cleft lip and palate, and hypospadias, and the proportion of congenital heart disease increased. The level of maternal exposures (mean ± sd) was highest in first trimester amongst pregnant women in Suzhou city. Compared to other birth defects, we observed significant increasing associations between PM2.5 exposure during second and third trimester with risk of CHDs, aORs were 1.228 and 1.236 (95% CI: 1.141–1.322, 1.154–1.324 separately) per a 10 μg/m3 change in PM2.5 concentration. Maternal NO2 exposure was significantly associated with CHDs in first trimester (aOR = 1.318; 95% CI: 1.210–1.435).

Conclusions

Our study contributes to explore the current state of Suzhou air quality and the association between maternal air pollution exposure and congenital heart defects. Exposure to PM2.5 and NO2 is thought to increase the risk of CHDs, but comprehensive description of these associations will be needed in future studies.
Factors associated with burnout in Polish healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Holas Paweł , Wojtkowiak Natalia , Gambin Małgorzata , Hansen Karolina , Kmita Grażyna , Pisula Ewa , Bargiel-Matusiewicz Kamilla , Łojek Emilia
Published: January 2023

Introduction

The COVID-19 pandemic has placed the healthcare system under substantial strain that has caused elevated psychological distress among healthcare workers (HCWs). Previous studies have found a high prevalence of burnout among HCWs exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic and have delineated some associated factors, but further research is needed. Little is known, for example, whether the economic status of HCWs or experiencing negative and positive emotions contribute to burnout. The present study was meant to fill this gap.

Methods

A total of 412 HCWs (i.e.: nurses - 47%, physicians-28%, psychologists-14%, and other healthcare professionals-11%), aged 21–69 years (M = 36.63; SD = 11.76) participated in a web-based cross-sectional study. Data was collected from June to November 2020. The participants filled out measures assessing two dimensions of burnout (Exhaustion and Disengagement), depression, generalized anxiety, positive and negative emotions, along with the survey evaluating organizational aspects of their work during the pandemic.

Results

Burnout thresholds were met by 54 and 66% of respondents for Disengagement and Exhaustion, respectively, which is high but comparable to levels found in other countries during the pandemic. Similarly to previous work, depression and anxiety were high in HCWs, with 24 % of them being in the risk group for clinical severity of depression and 34% in the risk group for a clinical generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Regression analysis showed that the intensity of negative emotions was the strongest predictor of Exhaustion, whereas the intensity of positive emotions was the strongest predictor of Disengagement. Depression and GAD symptoms were positively related to Exhaustion, and economic status was inversely related to Disengagement.

Discussion

These results suggest that distress in HCWs during the pandemic was related to symptoms of burnout, whereas higher income and experiencing positive emotions were associated with reduced burnout levels. Our findings call for the development of burnout intervention programs that could build capacities for dealing with depression and other negative emotions and at the same time teach skills on how to increase positive emotions in HCWs.
Completion of the continuum of maternity care and associated factors among women who gave birth in the last 6 months in Chelia district, West Shoa zone, Ethiopia: A community-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Buli Temesgen Daksisa , Wakgari Negash , Ganfure Gemechu , Wondimu Fikadu , Dube Dereje Lemma , Moti Gonfa , Doba Yonas Sagni
Published: January 2023

Background

The continuum of maternity care is a continuity of care that a woman receives during pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period from skilled providers in a comprehensive and integrated manner. Despite existing evidence regarding maternal healthcare services discretely, the continuum of maternity care and its associated factors are not well-known in Ethiopia.

Objective

This study assessed the completion of the maternity continuum of care and associated factors among women who gave birth 6 months prior to the study in the Chelia district.

Methods

A community-based cross-sectional study with a stratified random sampling technique was conducted among 428 mothers at 10 randomly selected kebeles. Pretested and structured questionnaires were used to collect data. Bi-variable and multivariable logistic regression analyzes were performed to identify associated factors. Adjusted odds ratio with its 95% confidence interval was used to determine the degree of association, and statistical significance was declared at a p-value of <0.05.

Results

In this study, 92 (21.5%) mothers completed the continuum of maternity care. Secondary and above education of mothers (AOR = 4.20, 95% CI:1.26–13.97), ≤30 min spent on walking by foot (AOR = 4.00, 95% CI: 1.67–9.58), using an ambulance to reach health facility (AOR = 3.68, 95% CI: 1.23–11.06), para ≥5 mothers (AOR = 0.21, 95% CI: 0.05–0.90), planned pregnancy (AOR = 3.29, 95% CI: 1.02–10.57), attending pregnant women's conference (AOR = 13.96, 95% CI: 6.22–31.30), early antenatal care booking (AOR = 3.30, 95% CI: 1.54–7.05), accompanied by partners (AOR = 3.64, 95% CI: 1.76–7.53), and informed to return for postnatal care (AOR = 3.57, 95% CI: 1.47–8.70) were the factors identified.

Conclusion

In this study, completion of the maternity continuum of care was low. Therefore, appropriate strategic interventions that retain women in the continuum of maternity care by targeting those factors were recommended to increase the uptake of the continuum of maternity care.
Global law, policy, and governance for effective prevention and control of COVID-19: A comparative analysis of the law and policy of Pakistan, China, and Russia
Authors: Bilawal Khaskheli Muhammad , Wang Shumin , Hussain Rana Yassir , Jahanzeb Butt M. , Yan XiaoShan , Majid Sara
Published: January 2023

Global health governance is a developing system in this complex institutional regime. The local and regional health policies sometimes challenge global health governance due to diverse discourse in various countries. In the wake of COVID-19, global health governance was reaffirmed as indifferent modules to control and eliminate the pandemic; however, the global agencies later dissected their own opinion and said that “countries must learn to live with a pandemic.” Given the controversial statement, this research focuses on the strong and effective policies of the Russian Federation, Pakistan, and China. The research uses the law and governance results and newly developed policies of the three countries formed under the global health policies. The conclusion is based on the statement that in order to live with the pandemic, strong health measures are required at each level.
Epidemiology of human Monkey-pox cases in Rivers State, Nigeria January 2017-June 2022
Authors: Onu Hastings Chinedu , Golden Owhonda , Wali I. Aaron , Adedire B. Elizabeth , Balogun Muhammed , Chidinma Eze , Ayo S. Adebowale , Emmanuel Okolocha
Published: January 2023

The resurgence in monkey pox disease has posed a global health threat. Nigeria recorded increased number of reported monkey pox cases in 2017, with cases occurring in subsequent years. Notably, cases of monkey pox had been reported in western countries from an epidemiologically linked traveler with a travel history to Nigeria. The highest burden of cases of monkey pox is recorded in River state, Nigeria. Consequently, there is the need to examine the epidemiology of monkey pox according to time, place, person and geography in Rivers state. A retrospective analysis of monkey pox cases was conducted based on the data obtained from the Rivers State Disease Surveillance and Notification unit from January 2017-June 2022. A total of 112 suspected cases were reported during this period of which 49 (44%) were confirmed by laboratory diagnosis. Obio-Akpor (29) and Port Harcourt (9) Local Government Areas which make up the urban centers of the state recorded most cases of monkey pox. More males (36) were affected than females (10), and the age group mostly affected was from 20 to 29 years, however increased cases of monkey pox was found in the months of September to November in most of the years reviewed. Monkey pox is prevalent in Rivers state, although the pattern follows a declining trend. Therefore, the state government should put appropriate mechanisms in place to eradicate the disease.