bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Heavy metals in the ground waters of Prisamarya Dniprovske
Authors: Kotovych O. V.
Published: February 2020

In conditions of increasing anthropogenic pressure on the objects of the natural environment, an objective assessment of the hydrochemical state of water bodies is necessary, taking into account background values of heavy metals, the presence of which is associated only with natural factors. Therefore, the aim of our studies was to determine the concentration of heavy metals in groundwater lying in different geological and geomorphological conditions in a territory remote from the large industrial centers – Dnipro and Pavlograd. As a result of the carried out researches it was possible to establish the qualitative and quantitative composition of microelements that are contained in the ground waters of Prisamarya Dniprovske. The most common microelements from those that were determined were zinc, strontium, iron and manganese. In the groundwater of the floodplain of the Samara River the most common are zinc, strontium, iron and manganese. A distinctive feature of the groundwater of the first above-terrace is the presence of a large amount of iron – an average of 2 mg/l3, while this is not observed in the groundwater of the floodplain and steppe areas. This can be attributed to the chemical characteristics of forest litter from needles which has an acidic pH reaction. In turn, with acid reaction, iron passes from the bound state to the free state and, together with the descending streams of water, migrates from the soil to the groundwater. Among the microelements of the second above-the-top terrace, zinc, copper, iron and manganese predominate. Other trace elements from those that were determined are absent, or their number is below the sensitivity limit of the device. With a deep bedding of groundwater (22 m) and their slow water exchange with surface waters among the microelements, zinc, cadmium, copper, nickel, cobalt, iron and manganese predominate. The direction of the migration of microelements in the system soil ↔ groundwater can be determined by calculating the concentration of chemical elements in the soil and groundwater contained. The concentrations obtained for lead, copper, nickel and manganese in the majority of the investigated objects turned out to be less than one, which indicates the predominance of processes of removal of microelements from soil to groundwater. At the same time for groundwaters of the first above-the-top terrace there is accumulation of such microelements as copper and manganese. Here the maximum value of the clark concentration for copper is 18.14, for manganese 14.66. Considering the absence of close proximity to the territory of the research of large industrial facilities and highways with intensive traffic, the indicators obtained by us can be used as background values in complex biogeocenological studies. In addition, the values obtained can be useful for assessing the hydrochemical and toxicological state of natural waters, as well as for the integrated ecohydrological assessment of water bodies in this region.
Authentic soil microbial communities in primeval forest ecosystems of Uzhanskyi National Nature Park
Authors: Symochko L. Yu. , Fizer A. I.
Published: February 2020

The article presents the modern aspects of studying and evaluating the biodiversity of soil microbiocenoses in the Carpathian region. The purpose of the work was to investigate the soil microbiota of virgin ecosystems, namely the structure of microbial communities, the number of major ecological trophic groups; to analyze the successional processes occurring in the soil microbiocenosis due to the influence of endogenous and exogenous factors. Anthropogenic impact: soil compaction, sanitary felling has led to changes in the groups of soil microorganisms, reduced their numbers and functional diversity. The primeval forests as etalon ecosystems better combine above resistance and stability with high productivity of biomass. Influence of ecological factors caused changes in the community of soil organisms, varied their abundance and functional diversity. Soil microorganisms have been largely ignored by conservation efforts. However, their role in biogeochemical processes, their diversity and abundance, and their potential as repositories of valuable genetic information and metabolic products make them as important as animals and plants to the biosphere and human welfare. Study of authentic soil microbiota creates the necessary prerequisites for the conservation of microbial diversity and forming the base of the eco-microbiological monitoring.
Landscapes of loessial islands in high Novgorod-Siversky Polissia
Authors: Kanivets S. V. , Zalavskiy Yu. V. , Lebed V. V.
Published: February 2020

The territory of Novgorod-Siversky Polissia is characterized by natural conditions as a province of mixed forests, where soddy-podzolic soils of low fertility have formed on loamy sandy and sandy deposits. However, on the high plateau the Desna River valley right bank, there are Novgorod-Siversky and Ponornitsky loessial islands with fertile dark-colored soils (Opillia). They were formed in rather damp and cool conditions, which is natural for the forest zone. However, their landscapes by the property of the components have a forest-steppe nature. On the plateau, in the Novgorod-Siversky Opillia, eolian loessial is located, which led to the formation of dark gray podzolized soils and chernozems leached and podzolized mainly with a humus-degraded arable layer. On sufficiently large areas near localities Pontornytsya, Pokoshychi and Desnianske there was happened loessivation and silt-loam sandy. Fertile gray forest soils were formed here – a kind of Opillia region. During the large-scale survey and mapping of Ukraine's soils in 1957–1961, dark-colored soils of loessial islands were defined predominantly as dark gray podzolized. However, our recent studies have proved the widespread distribution of leached chernozems and podzolized opіlsky chernozems. On strongly eroded slopes of the right-bank native shores, we have remnants of the suboak forest, which indicate the forest-steppe nature of the landscapes. In virgin areas, unlike sandy areas, a thick bean-grass-mixed grass cover, including indicators of forest-steppe. The Opillia area with chernozems and other dark-colored soils is a major agrarian resource of the region. But gray forest soils also belong to the most valuable land in Polissia. On gray forest soils, cereal crops are grown by 4–5 centners per hectare higher than those on typical of the Polissia sod-podzolic soils. Loessial islands are common in southern part of Novgorod-Siversky Polissia, in particular, on the Desna River valley right bank. Landscapes are diverse in properties of components – the nature of loessial species, geological foundations, features of soil cover and relief. They are united by forest-steppe features of soil cover, the presence in the central part of Opilia – fertile dark-colored soils, including chernozems with signs of relic steppe phase in their development, meadow-steppe composition of herbaceous cover on virgin areas and the presence of remnants of the suboak forest. These are large fragments of the Forest-Steppe in Polissia, which have a high natural resource.
STUDYING THE ATTITUDES OF THE STUDENTS OF SPECIALTY "MIDWIFE" CONCERNING PERFORMING UNIVERSAL NEONATAL HEARING SCREENING
Authors: Nestorova Anka , A. Ivanova Darina
Published: February 2020

Hearing is one of the five human senses and represents the ability to perceive sounds through the hearing system. The presence of normal auditory perception is one of the prerequisites for the emergence and development of speech in children.
Conducting neonatal auditory screening is part of the early neonatal screening and incorporates examining infant’s hearing shortly after birth. A screening device is used that emits very low sounds with the help of simultaneous "otoacoustic emissions" from the inner ear of this acoustic stimulation. The latest researches show that in one or two in a thousand births the child has congenital deafness or impaired hearing.
Aim: To acquaint midwifery students with the implementation of universal neonatal hearing screening using information from the Trakia Electronic University.
Materials and Methods: The conducted survey allows us to study students' attitudes towards the audio screening. Study materials are accessible via the Internet in our e-university.
The use of digital and multimedia materials is a way of enhancing the students' professional competence and the effectiveness of the learning process.
Characterization and identification of the major flavonoids in Phyllostachys edulis leaf extract by UPLC–QTOF–MS/MS
Authors: Shao S.-Y. , Ting Y. , Wang J. , Sun J. , Guo X.-F.
Published: February 2020

Phyllostachys edulis(PES), the most important bamboo species in China, is widely distributed in East Asia. Flavonoids, which are important bioactive natural compounds, often have similar structures, making their structural elucidation difficult. The aim of this study was to represent valuable, reliable mass spectral data for the identification of flavonoids in plant leaves. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography–quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC–Q-TOF-MS/MS) method was established for characterization and identification of the major flavonoids in PES leaf extract. A total of 13 flavonoids were simultaneously characterized, and their proposed characteristic product ions and fragmentation pathways were investigated. Thirteen compounds were separated on an Agilent Zorbax RRHD SB-C18 column (150 mm × 2.1 mm, 1.8 μm). On the basis of comparing with the 4 reference standards and the literature data, the other 9 flavonoids were identified by tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). Eight compounds (compounds 1, 4, 5, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12) were found in PES leaves for the first time. An efficient UPLC–QTOF-MS/MS method was successfully applied for the structural identification of flavonoids in PES leaves. These results have practical applications for the rapid identification and structural characterization of these compounds in crude bioactive extracts or mixtures.
Strategi Dakwah dalam Merawat Pluralitas di Kalangan Remaja
Authors: Abdullah Muhammad Qadaruddin , Mubarak Dinul Fitrah
Published: February 2020

Perkembangan pesat teknologi informasi dan komunikasi turut mendukung proses transformasi pengetahuan, ideologi serta paham kegamaan, sehingga remaja dengan mudah mengonsumsi berbagai paham (terutama radikalisme) melalui media sosial. Hadirnya media sosial tidak ada lagi batas ruang antara satu agama dengan agama yang lain, antara satu etnis dengan etnis yang lain, sehingga kehadiran media sosial membawa perubahan terhadap kehidupan remaja. Tujuan penelitian ini yakni mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis strategi dakwah di tengah pluralitas. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada tiga strategi dakwah dalam merawat pluralitas di kalangan remaja: Pertama, Strategi Struktural; Kedua Strategi Kultural; dan Ketiga Strategi New Media. Implikasi dari penelitian ini mubaligh memahami strategi dakwah pada masyarakat plural.The rapid development of information and communication technology also supports the process of transformation of knowledge, ideology, and understanding of religiosity, so adolescents can easily consume various understandings (especially radicalism) through social media. The presence of social media no longer limits the space between one religion with another religion, between one ethnicity and another ethnicity, so the presence of social media brings changes to the lives of adolescents. The purpose of this study is to describe and analyze the da'wah strategy in plurality. The method used is descriptive qualitative. The results showed that there were three da'wah strategies in treating plurality among adolescents: First, Structural Strategies; Second, Cultural Strategies; and Third, New Media Strategy. This research implies that missionaries understand the da'wah strategy in a plural society.
The birds of Fort Fordyce Reserve, Eastern Cape
Authors: Craig Adrian JFK , Hulley Patrick E
Published: February 2020

The avifauna of this forest reserve has been surveyed, based on observations and mist-netting over a ten-year period.  We have recorded 175 species, of which 56 are considered "true" forest birds in this region.  These include four summer migrants, and four occasional visitors; the others are likely to be resident.  Four species of conservation concern, the Knysna Woodpecker, African Crowned Eagle, Lanner Falcon and Bush Blackcap probably nest within the protected area.
Physiological and pathogenic role of scavenger receptors in humans
Authors: Gusev E. Yu. , Zotova N. V. , Zhuravleva Yu. A. , Chereshnev V. A.
Published: February 2020

The scavenger receptors (SRs)) include > 30 different molecules structurally classified into 11 classes (A to L). They are expressed mostly on stromal macrophages, and their expression may be augmented in direct dependence with concentrations of their ligands. The SRs are heterogenous by their structure, however, being common in their functional potential. E.g., different SR classes may participate in absorption of modified low-density lipoproteins and glycated proteins, apoptotic and ageing cells, altered erythrocytes and platelets, like as a big variety of other endogenous ligands from metabolic and cellular “trash”. A common property of SRs is their participation in removal of small pathogen amounts from blood circulation, regulation of cell and tissue stress responses, ability to form complicated receptor complexes with other receptor types including integrins and toll-like receptors. Opposite to classic pattern-recognizing receptors, the SR involvement does not always elicit a pronounced cellular activation and development of pro-inflammatory cellular stress. The SR functional effects provide interactions between different physiological events and immune system, including the processes of neuroendocrine and metabolic regulation. These mechanisms provide both homeostatic stability and, likewise, act at the border of normal and pathological conditions, i.e., participating in pathogenesis of transitional processes, e.g., physiological ageing. Moreover, the SR-associated processes represent a key pathogenetic factor in different somatic diseases, e.g., those associated with low-intensity chronic inflammation, including obesity, type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis, arterial hypertension, various neurodegenerative disorders. Similarly, the SRs are involved into the processes of cancer transformation and antitumor response, different processes of classical inflammation, from antigen presentation to the morphofunctional T cell and macrophage polarization in the inflammation foci and immunocompetent organs. SR are playing a controversial role in development of acute systemic inflammation, the main reason for lethal outcomes in the intensive care wards. Targeted effects upon the SRs represent a promising approach when treating a broad variety of diseases, whereas detection of membrane-bound and soluble SR forms could be performed by means of diagnostic and monitoring techniques in many human disorders.
Studies on correlations between immunophenotype and the indices of metabolic enzyme activity of blood lymphocytes in children with hypertrophy of the pharyngeal tonsils
Authors: Kurtasova L. M. , Shakina N. A. , Lubnina T. V.
Published: February 2020

The objective of our study was to evaluate correlation between the immune pheno-type and activity indices of NAD (P)-dependent dehydrogenases in peripheral blood lymphocytes in young children with hypertrophy of the pharyngeal tonsil (HPT). We have examined 57 children, 1-3 years of age, with hypertrophy of the pharyngeal tonsils (HPT). The control group consisted of 35 healthy children of the same age. The numbers of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD19+, CD16+/56+ lymphoid cells in peripheral blood were determined by flow cytofluorimetry technique. Activity of NAD (P)-dependant dehydrogenases in peripheral blood lymphocytes was studied using bioluminescent method as described elsewhere (А. Savchenko, L. Suntsova, 1989). Correlation analysis has revealed an increase of positive correlations, a decrease of the correlation strength, and emergence of new connections between phenotype and activity indices of NAD (P)-dependent dehydrogenases in peripheral blood lymphocytes in children with hypertrophy of pharyngeal tonsils (HPT). Specific correlation patterns between the phenotype and activity indices of NAD (P)-dependent dehydrogenases in peripheral blood lymphocytes have been revealed in children with hypertrophy of pharyngeal tonsils (HPT).
Cellular immune response in convalescents from Ixodes tick-borne borreliosis
Authors: Zaporozhets T. S. , Sokotun S. A. , Simakova A. I. , Persiyanova E. V.
Published: February 2020

Ixodes tick-borne borreliosis is a natural focal transmissive infectious multi-system disease featured with complex pathogenesis, which multiple aspects remain unclarified. The persistence stage during this infection associated with prolonged Borrelia presence in metastatic foci and repeated multiple dissemination is most complicated for clinical practice. It is assumed that the chronic process can be caused by an inadequate immune response associated with activated autoimmune mechanisms leading to emergence of permanent irreversible (degenerative and atrophic) changes in affected organs. Patients who experienced tick-borne borreliosis need dynamic observation for assessing disease prognosis providing a maintenance therapy. The purpose of the study was to evaluate an opportunity of using cellular immunity indices for predicting disease transition to a chronic course.Materials and methods. The study was carried out at the Medical Association of the Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Case report form data, serum and blood plasma samples collected from 22 patients aged 29–83 years old were examined. Immunological examination data from patients with ixodes tick-borne borreliosis (12–18 months after the onset of acute period) were analyzed. Specific IgM and IgG against Borrelia burgdorferi were determined by using the OMNICS diagnostic test system (St. Petersburg). Lymphocyte immunophenotyping was performed on BD FACSCalibur flow cytometer (Becton Dickinson, USA) by using doublelabeled monoclonal antibodies (Beckman Coulter, France).Results. A variability of activated peripheral blood lymphocytes was found in patients with tick-borne borreliosis evidencing about individual immune response. An imbalanced cellular immune response recorded in seronegative convalescents from tick-borne borreliosis, may be an indirect finding of ongoing Borrelia infection. Finding of specific serum IgG and IgM antibodies in convalescents at late stage coupled to impaired immune system is a warning sign presuming a risk to developing autoimmune reactions. Detection of specific IgM antibodies at late timepoint combined with increased immune cytotoxic potential may be referred to a marker of possible disease transition to chronic course.
Analysis of medical and social factors affecting the formation and course of co-infection HIV, tuberculosis and viral hepatitis
Authors: Azovtseva O. V. , Panteleev A. M. , Кarpov А. V. , Arkhipov G. S. , Veber V. R. , Belyakov N. A. , Arkhipova E. I.
Published: February 2020

Currently, HIV infection is characterized by emergence of its severe and comorbid forms. Mid-1990 HIV epidemics was expanded due to injection drug users who brought viral hepatitis C to the cohort. Along with developing immunosuppression, opportunistic and AIDS-defining diseases, including tuberculosis emerged. Various combinations of coinfections (HIV infection+tuberculosis±viral hepatitis) affect clinical manifestations and clinical score, reduce the therapeutic efficacy and worsen disease prognosis.Objective: to study an impact medical and social factors on course of TB-co-infection associated with immunosuppression related to HIV infection and viral hepatitis.Materials and methods. Comorbid cases (HIV infection, tuberculosis and chronic hepatitis) dominated by verified TB-infection (n = 137) were analyzed.Results. It was shown that socially maladapted young people with previous experience of intravenous drug and alcohol abuse dominated among subjects with co-infections, half of which were held in penal institutions. More-over, the mean CD4 lymphocyte level in generalized tuberculosis was significantly lower than in patients with significantly reaching 164±21.5 cells. In addition, lung-specific lesions were observed in 73.4% of patients with generalized tuberculosis that developed by initial targeting of the lymphoid system followed by affecting other organs, mainly the central nervous system, urinary system and abdominal organs. Introduction of antiretroviral drugs to anti-TB therapy reduced mortality rate by 8 times. Viral hepatitis was the most common concomitant disease found in co-infected patients, with dominating viral hepatitis C both as a mono-infection (86.8%) as well as in combination with viral hepatitis B (9.43%). In addition, co-morbid viral hepatitis resulted in progression of TB infection affected due to intra-thoracic lymph nodes being involved in tuberculosis process as well as development of opportunistic diseases due to a markedly decreased CD4 cell count. Analysis of potentially aggravating risk factors for developing hepatotoxicity (viral hepatitis, combined treatment with anti-TB and anti-retroviral drugs) did not reveal their any additional negative impact on hepatic functions. Thus, use of a combination therapy with anti-TB and anti-retroviral drugs in co-infected patients was shown to be safe and not accompanied by a high rate of hepatotoxic reactions.
A Stochastic Max Pooling Strategy for Convolutional Neural Network Trained by Noisy Samples
Authors: Sun Shuai , Hu Bin , Yu Zhou , Song Xiaona
Published: February 2020

The deep convolutional neural network (CNN) has made remarkable progress in image classification. However, this network performs poorly and even cannot converge in many actual applications, where the training and test samples contain lots of noises. To solve the problems, this paper puts forward a network training strategy based on stochastic max pooling. Unlike the traditional max pooling, the proposed strategy first ranks all the values in each receptive field, and then selects a random value from the top-n values as the pooling result. Compared with common pooling methods, stochastic max pooling can limit the pooling selection to a larger value that represents the main information of the pooling area which reduces the chance of introducing noises into the network, and enhances the robustness of extracting noisy image features. Experimental results show that the CNN used stochastic max pooling Strategy can converge better than traditional CNN and classified noisy images much more accurately than traditional pooling methods.
A Multi-criteria Picture Fuzzy Decision-making Model for Green Supplier Selection based on Fractional Programming
Authors: Cao Guo
Published: February 2020

Due to the increasing complexity in green supplier selection, there would be some important issues for expressing inherent uncertainty or imprecision of decision makers’ cognitive information in decision making process. As an extension of intuitionistic fuzzy sets (IFSs) and neutrosophic sets (NSs), picture fuzzy sets (PFSs) can better model and represent the hesitancy and uncertainty of decision makers’ preference information. In this study, an attempt has been made to present a multi-criteria picture fuzzy decision-making model for green supplier selection based on fractional programming. In this approach, the ratings of alternatives and weights of criteria are represented by PFSs and IFSs, respectively. Based on the available information, some pairs of fractional programming models are derived from the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) and the proposed biparametric picture fuzzy distance measure to determine the relative closeness coefficient intervals of green suppliers, which are aggregated for the criteria to generate the ranking order of all green suppliers by computing their optimal degrees of membership based on the ranking method of interval numbers. Finally, an example is conducted to validate the effectiveness of the proposed multi-criteria decision making (MCMD) method.
Crisp-linear-and Models in Fuzzy Multiple Objective Linear Fractional Programming
Authors: Stanojevic Bogdana , Dzitac Simona , Dzitac Ioan
Published: February 2020

The aim of this paper is to introduce two crisp linear models to solve fuzzy multiple objective linear fractional programming problems. In a novel manner we construct two piece-wise linear membership functions to describe the fuzzy goal linked to a linear fractional objective. They are related to the numerator and denominator of the fractional objective function; and we show that using the fuzzy-and operator to aggregate them a convenient description of the original fractional fuzzy goal is obtained. Further on, with the help of the fuzzy-and operator we aggregate all fuzzy goals and constraints, formulate a crisp linear model, and use it to provide a solution to the initial fuzzy multiple objective linear fractional programming problem. The second model embeds in distinct ways the positive and negative information, the desires and restrictions respectively; and aggregates in a bipolar manner the goals and constraints. The main advantage of using the new models lies in the fact that they are linear, and can generate distinct solutions to the multiple objective problem by varying the thresholds and tolerance limits imposed on the fuzzy goals.
Demyelination in experimental intraventricular neurocysticercosis
Authors: MOURA Vania Beatriz Lopes , MILHOMEM Analia Cirqueira , LIMA Sarah Buzaim , MATOS-SILVA Hidelberto , SUGITA Denis Masashi , VINAUD Mariana Clare , LINO-JÚNIOR Ruy de Souza
Published: February 2020

Abstract Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is classified as a neglected tropical disease, which affects mainly Latin America and Africa in spite of some reports in North America and Europe. NCC represents the cause of up to 30% of the reported cases of epilepsy in endemic countries. The NCC injuries present direct relation to the development stage, location, and number of parasites as well as to the host immune response. This study aimed the characterization of the inflammatory response and tissue injuries by means of the analyses of the periventricular and parenchymatous demyelination through the experimental intraventricular NCC infection. Therefore, BALB/c mice were submitted to experimental NCC inoculation with Taenia crassiceps cysticerci. Their brains were removed at 7, 30, 60, and 90 days after the inoculation (DAI), and analyzed after staining with hematoxylin and eosin (HE), Luxol Fast Blue, and Nissl. It was possible to observe ventriculomegaly, inflammatory infiltration composed by polymorphonuclear and mononuclear cells, and foamy macrophages. The presence of inflammatory cells was associated with neurodegeneration detected by the areas with demyelination observed initially in the periventricular area and lately in the parenchyma. In conclusion, the presence of cysticerci and the consequent inflammation were able to promote initial periventricular demyelination followed by parenchymatous demyelination as the infection progressed.
Assessment of ventilatory function in patients with spinocerebellar ataxia type 2
Authors: MELLO Neliana Maria de , ZONTA Marise Bueno , TEIVE Hélio Afonso Ghizoni , MEIRA Alex Tiburtino , LOPES NETO Francisco Diego Negrão , SILVA Janaína Turcato da Silva Nonato da , CAMARGO Carlos Henrique Ferreira , ZEIGELBOIM Bianca Simone
Published: February 2020

Abstract Subclinical ventilatory dysfunction is observed in individuals with spinocerebellar ataxias (SCA). No studies have correlated ventilatory dysfunction to clinical and functional decline in SCA2. Objective: To evaluate the relationship between the values of peak expiratory flow (PEF), maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP), and presence of respiratory complaints with age, disease duration, age at onset of symptoms, balance scores, independence in basic (ADL) and instrumental (IADL) Activities of Daily Living (ADLs), and severity of ataxia (SARA) in individuals with SCA2. Methods: Cross-sectional study evaluating age, disease duration, age at onset of symptoms, scores in the Berg Balance Scale and in the SARA, Functional Independence Measure and Lawton’s scale, values of PEF and MIP, and the presence of respiratory complaints. Results: The study included 36 individuals with SCA2, with a mean age of 42.5±2.4 years, disease duration of 7.6±8.2 years, age 33.7±11.5 years at onset of symptoms, and 9.9±10.3 points in the SARA scale. The lowest PEF values correlated with the longer disease duration (p=0.021). The lowest values of PEF and MIP correlated with greater balance impairment (p=0.019 and p=0.045, respectively), increased degree of dependence in the ADL (p=0.006 and p=0.050, respectively) and IADL (p=0.003 and p=0.001, respectively) scales, and highest severity of ataxia (p=0.00 and p=0.017, respectively). Respiratory complaints were observed in 12 (33.3%) individuals and were not related to age, disease duration, age at onset of symptoms, balance, independence, ataxia severity, or PEF and MIP values. Conclusion: Ventilatory dysfunction, even when asymptomatic, is related to balance impairment, independence, and ataxia severity in individuals with SCA2.
Functional performance and muscular strength in symptomatic female carriers of Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Authors: SILVA Thiago Henrique da , ANEQUINI Isabela Pessa , FÁVERO Francis Meire , VOOS Mariana Callil , OLIVEIRA Acary Souza Bulle , TELLES Juliana Aparecida Rhein , CAROMANO Fátima Aparecida
Published: February 2020

Abstract Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) usually affects men. However, women are also affected in rare instances. Approximately 8% of female DMD carriers have muscle weakness and cardiomyopathy. The early identification of functional and motor impairments can support clinical decision making. Objective: To investigate the motor and functional impairments of 10 female patients with dystrophinopathy diagnosed with clinical, pathological, genetic and immunohistochemical studies. Methods: A descriptive study of a sample of symptomatic female carriers of DMD mutations. The studied variables were muscular strength and functional performance. Results: The prevalence was 10/118 (8.4%) symptomatic female carriers. Deletions were found in seven patients. The age of onset of symptoms in female carriers of DMD was quite variable. Pseudohypertrophy of calf muscles, muscular weakness, compensatory movements and longer timed performance on functional tasks were observed in most of the cases. Differently from males with DMD, seven female patients showed asymmetrical muscular weakness. The asymmetric presentation of muscle weakness was frequent and affected posture and functionality in some cases. The functional performance presents greater number of compensatory movements. Time of execution of activities was not a good biomarker of functionality for this population, because it does not change in the same proportion as the number of movement compensations. Conclusion: Clinical manifestation of asymmetrical muscle weakness and compensatory movements, or both can be found in female carriers of DMD mutations, which can adversely affect posture and functional performance of these patients.
Micropropagation of Chapada Diamantina ornamental bromeliad
Authors: Lima Andressa Priscila Piancó Santos , Brito Alone Lima , Santana José Raniere Ferreira de
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACT: Sincoraea mucugensis (Wand. & A.A. Conc.) LOUZADA & WAND, an endangered bromeliad, is confined to the central region of the Chapada Diamantina, in the municipality of Mucugê, Brazil. From various researches, it is evident that for the propagation of this species, the in vitro technique is a feasible option. However, due to the low multiplication rates reported in various papers, this study aimed to establish a micropropagation protocol of direct organogenesis for S. mucugensis. First, the inoculation of the stem explants was done in MS ½ culture medium which contained different levels of BAP (0.00; 6.66; 8.88; 11.10; 13.20 µM) and NAA (0.00; 2.60; 5.20 µM). These shoots were then subjected to a couple of distinct rooting periods (of 30- and 60-day duration) using activated charcoal; finally, these microplants were transferred to a greenhouse for acclimatization, and covered with transparent plastic cups, as a water loss prevention test method. All the data were submitted to the analysis of variance (ANOVA), and the means were subjected to regression analysis or compared using the Tukey test. The findings revealed that the S. mucugensis stem explants raised in the NAA-rich medium (6.42 to 7.43 shoots/explants) showed high multiplication rates; the shoot rooting was done for 30 days using activated charcoal with the medium. Acclimatization, which was performed by directly exposing the microplants to the ex vitro environment, showed 95% survival rate.
Corn supplementation on milk urea nitrogen content of dairy cows grazing on temperate annual pasture
Authors: Dall-Orsoletta Aline Cristina , Almeida João Gabriel Rossini , Oziemblowski Márcia Maria , Ribeiro-Filho Henrique Mendonça Nunes
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACT: The excretion of urinary nitrogen (N), one of the most important environmental contaminants from livestock systems, is highly correlated with milk urea N content. The objective of this research was to evaluate the use of different types of corn supplementation on milk urea N in grazing dairy cows. Twelve Holstein × Jersey lactating dairy cows were divided into six uniform groups according to milk production, lactation stage and live weight. Treatments were compared according to a 3 × 3 replicated Latin square experimental design, with three periods of seventeen days (twelve days to adaptation and five to measurements). The experimental treatments were exclusively grazing (G); grazing + supplementation with 4.2 kg DM of corn silage (CS) and grazing + supplementation with 3.2 kg DM of ground corn (GC). The pasture used was annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum L.) and white oats (Avena sativa L.). The milk protein production increased 65 g/day in the GC treatment group compared to the G and CS groups. The supplemented dairy cows showed lower milk urea N (-2.8 mg/dL) than unsupplemented cows, but the N utilization efficiency (g N output in milk/ g N intake) did not change between treatments (average = 0.26). Additionally, there was a relationship between milk and plasma urea nitrogen concentrations (R2 = 0.64). In conclusion, for dairy cows grazing annual temperate pastures, corn ground supplementation increased milk protein production and reduced the excretion of milk urea N, whereas corn silage reduced the excretion of milk urea N without affecting milk protein production.
Rice farmer’s poverty and its determinants: evidence from Dogofiri village of Office du Niger zone in Mali
Authors: Coulibaly Brahima , Li Shixiang , Wang Zhanqi
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACT: The aim of this research was to contribute to a better understanding of rice farmer’s poverty of Office du Niger (ON) in Mali at village-level. Data were collected through survey with 110 head family farms in the village of Dogofiri. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Multiple linear regression models were used to analyze the main determinants of poverty. Results indicated that the factors of physical capital and human capital as well as government policy have a significant influence on the poverty of family farms through production, age, family size, education and health support, agricultural credit and water fees. Policies aimed to improve the family farm’s income and boosting rice production to alleviate poverty ought to be based on these factors.
Fatores associados à demência em idosos
Authors: Santos Camila de Souza dos , Bessa Thaíssa Araujo de , Xavier André Junqueira
Published: February 2020

Resumo Analisar os fatores associados à demência em idosos atendidos em um ambulatório de memória da Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina (Unisul). Estudo transversal com análise de dados de prontuário no período de 01/2013 a 04/2016. O desfecho foi o diagnóstico clínico de demência. As variáveis de controle foram: nível sérico de vitamina D na época do diagnóstico, sexo, cor da pele, escolaridade, idade, diabetes tipo 2, hipertensão arterial e depressão. Foi realizada análise bruta e ajustada com regressão logística. Amostra de 287 idosos, com predominância de idade entre 60 e 69 anos (48,78%), sexo feminino (79,09%), cor da pele branca (92,33%). A média de anos de estudo foi de 6,95 anos (DP ± 4,95) e da vitamina D 26,09 ng/mL (DP ± 9,20). A prevalência de idosos com demência foi de 16,72%. Dentre as morbidades a depressão foi a de maior prevalência seguida pela hipertensão arterial. Estiveram independentemente associadas à demência: vitamina D (OR = 0,92 IC 95% 0,88;0,97), depressão (OR = 4,09 IC95% 1,87;8,94), hipertensão arterial (OR = 2,65 IC95% 1,15;6,08) e indivíduos com idade igual e maior que 80 anos. A prevalência de demência foi alta, e houve associação de níveis mais baixos de vitamina D com diagnóstico de demência. Sendo a vitamina D um fator modificável, abrindo importantes perspectivas para políticas de saúde pública.
Conhecimento e adesão como fatores associados a acidentes com agulhas contaminadas com material biológico: Brasil e Colômbia
Authors: La-Rotta Ehideé Isabel Gómez , Garcia Clerison Stelvio , Pertuz Carlos Morales , Miquilin Isabella de Oliveira Campos , Camisão Agnes Raquel , Trevisan Danilo Donizetti , Aoki Francisco Hideo , Correa-Filho Heleno Rodrigues
Published: February 2020

Resumo Fizemos estudo transversal para iniciar coorte em dois Hospitais Universitários de dois países - Brasil e Colômbia - para avaliar a prevalência de acidentes com material biológico (AT-MB), o nível de adesão às Precauções Padrão (PP) e o conhecimento sobre patógenos transmissíveis pelo sangue e fatores associados entre trabalhadores e estudantes da saúde, no marco da implementação da norma NR-32. Criamos escalas para estimar conhecimento e adesão baseadas em 12 e 11 perguntas respectivamente. Utilizamos Regressão de Poisson-Tweedie para avaliar a associação do conhecimento e da adesão às PP com sofrer AT-MB. Avaliamos 965 indivíduos (348 estudantes e 617 profissionais). O conhecimento teve média de 10,98 com mediana de 11 (10, 12) e α-Cr de 0,625. A média de adesão foi de 30,74 com mediana de 31 (28, 34) e α-Cr de 0,745, associando-se a País, grupo (estudantes) e percepção de risco. Entre os fatores associadas ao relato de AT-MB encontraram-se o conhecimento, a adesão às PP, País de origem e ter tomado o esquema completo de vacinação contra Hepatites B. Concluímos que o nível de conhecimento e adesão foram adequados, ainda melhores entre os participantes do Brasil e associaram-se ao relato AT-MB.
Potencialidades e fragilidades de implantação da Política Nacional de Práticas Integrativas e Complementares
Authors: Habimorad Pedro Henrique Leonetti , Catarucci Fernanda Martin , Bruno Vânia Hercília Talarico , Silva Ivan Beteto da , Fernandes Violeta Campolina , Demarzo Marcelo Marcos Piva , Spagnuolo Regina Stella , Patricio Karina Pavão
Published: February 2020

Resumo Esta revisão narrativa tem por objetivo analisar a produção científica sobre as Práticas Integrativas e Complementares (PIC) no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) visando compreender as potencialidades e fragilidades do processo de implantação da Política Nacional de Práticas Integrativas e Complementares (PNPIC). Após busca nas bases de dados, 25 artigos foram selecionados e os seus resultados analisados criticamente. Da análise do material emergiram cinco temas principais que explicitaram potencialidades e fragilidades de implantação da política: 1) Formação profissional em PIC para o SUS; 2) Estruturação da oferta em PIC, acesso e promoção da saúde; 3) Conhecimento, acesso e aceitação de usuários em relação às PIC; 4) Conhecimento de profissionais e gestores em relação à PNPIC; e 5) Escopo, monitoramento e avaliação da PNPIC. Os resultados se alinham aos relatórios de gestão da PNPIC aprofundando o conhecimento acerca da implantação da política e reforçando a necessidade de empoderamento dos atores do SUS para o enfrentamento de seus desafios.
Attachment styles of People Living with HIV/AIDS
Authors: Farias Odaleia de Oliveira , Alexandre Herta de Oliveira , Lima Ivana Cristina Vieira de , Galvão Marli Teresinha Gimeniz , Hanley-Dafoe Robyne , Santos Vanessa da Frota
Published: February 2020

Abstract Factors that involve the dynamics in interpersonal relationships and may have consequences in health are still little explored in people living with HIV/AIDS. The aim was to identify the evidences of literature regarding adult attachment style and HIV. It is an Integrative literature review. Seven databases were explored, using the combination of key words and Boolean connectors: "Attachment Style OR Object Attachment AND HIV". A reasonable number of articles addressed attachment among people with HIV as a mediator to post-traumatic stress disorder, depression and stress. The prevalence of insecure attachment in this group was high. Evidence was also found in relation to the attachment as an important factor to adaptation to the diagnosis of HIV, attachment and behavior in interpersonal relationships, and emphasize the possibility of changing the attachment style.
Análise crítica do índice de qualidade da dieta revisado para a população brasileira (IQD-R): aplicação no ELSA-Brasil
Authors: Pires Raphaela Kistenmacker , Luft Vivian Cristine , Araújo Marina Campos , Bandoni Daniel , Molina Maria del Carmen , Chor Dora , Cardoso Letícia de Oliveira
Published: February 2020

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar criticamente a aplicação do Índice de Qualidade da Dieta – Revisado (IQD-R), explicitar facilidades e dificuldades em seu cálculo, sugerir adaptações e comparar sua distribuição segundo variáveis sociodemográficas entre os 15.105 servidores públicos participantes do Estudo Longitudinal de Saúde do Adulto, no período de 2008 a 2010. O consumo alimentar foi aferido com base em Questionário de Frequência Alimentar e o IQD-R foi estimado de quatro maneiras: original; ponderado para frequência de consumo de frutas e hortaliças; modificado considerando leguminosas separado dos demais vegetais e adaptado abrangendo as duas alterações anteriores. Os resultados indicaram que independentemente da adaptação realizada, as mulheres, os indivíduos com mais de 65 anos e os indivíduos de menor escolaridade apresentaram escores médios mais altos indicando dieta de melhor qualidade. Acredita-se que as adaptações propostas podem ser úteis para estudos futuros que apliquem o IQD-R.
Fatores associados aos padrões alimentares no segundo semestre de vida
Authors: Carvalho Carolina Abreu de , Fonseca Poliana Cristina de Almeida , Nobre Luciana Neri , Silva Mariane Alves , Pessoa Milene Cristine , Ribeiro Andréia Queiroz , Priore Silvia Eloiza , Franceschini Sylvia
Published: February 2020

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é identificar padrões alimentares de crianças com 6, 9 e 12 meses e sua associação com variáveis socioeconômicas, comportamentais, de nascimento e nutrição. Estudo transversal com crianças de uma coorte em Viçosa-MG, sendo 112 crianças com 6 meses, 149 com 9 meses e 117 com 12 meses. O consumo alimentar foi avaliado por um recordatório de 24 horas e os padrões extraídos por análise de agrupamentos. O leite materno foi identificado em pelo menos um padrão alimentar em todos os meses. Houve baixa participação de alimentos ultraprocessados nos padrões alimentares identificados. No 6º mês, crianças com menor renda familiar tiveram menos chance de pertencer ao padrão alimentar composto por fórmulas lácteas. Já o sobrepeso/obesidade foi 3,69 vezes maior em crianças que compunham o padrão 2 (fórmulas lácteas, verduras, legumes, carne bovina e pera). Aos 12 meses o déficit de estatura (RP = 3,28) e o uso de mamadeira (RP = 4,51) estiveram associados ao padrão alimentar composto por fórmulas lácteas e leite de vaca. Os padrões alimentares identificados refletiram a importante participação do leite materno na alimentação das crianças. Padrões alimentares com a presença de outros tipos de leite, foram associados a desvios nutricionais e uso de mamadeiras.
Conhecimento e atitude sobre a diatebes tipo 2 em idosos: estudo de base populacional
Authors: Lima Alisson Padilha de , Benedetti Tânia Rosane Bertoldo , Rech Cassiano Ricardo , Cardoso Fabrício Bruno , Portella Marilene Rodrigues
Published: February 2020

Resumo Esta pesquisa teve por objetivo verificar os fatores associados entre o conhecimento e a atitude sobre diabetes mellitus tipo 2 em idosos com a doença. Realizou-se um estudo transversal de base populacional com 204 idosos da rede pública de saúde de Passo Fundo, RS. Para a coleta de dados utilizou-se os questionários: sociodemográfico, de conhecimento DKN-A, de atitudes psicológicas do diabetes ATT-19 e o IPAQ para atividade física. Foi utilizada a regressão logística para as variáveis sociodemográficas, de saúde e os indicadores de adiposidade corporal. Foram realizadas análises brutas e ajustadas com um intervalo de confiança de 95%. Os resultados deste estudo identificaram que o bom conhecimento está associado com a idade maior ou igual 70 anos (OR = 0,44; IC95%: 0,18-1,08), ter atitude positiva para o tratamento da diabetes (OR = 10,4 IC95%: 4,20-18,70) e ser ativo fisicamente (OR = 12,7; IC95%: 6,8-30,10). Na associação com a atitude positiva se manteve associada significativamente a idade maior ou igual 70 anos (OR = 0,35; IC95%: 0,15-0,78), ter um bom conhecimento da diabetes (OR = 8,9; IC95%: 4,30-18,9) e ser ativo fisicamente (OR = 10,1; IC95%: 6,34-20,1). Portanto, o bom conhecimento e a atitude positiva estão associados à idade de 70 anos a mais e ser ativo fisicamente.
Utilização de serviços de educação física por adultos e idosos no extremo sul do Brasil: estudo de base populacional
Authors: Oliz Manoela Maciel , Dumith Samuel Carvalho , Knuth Alan Goularte
Published: February 2020

Resumo Este estudo teve por objetivo descrever a utilização dos serviços de educação física por adultos e idosos e apresentar características de quem não utilizou tais serviços. Além disso, descrever o conhecimento da população sobre a oferta destes serviços nas políticas públicas de saúde. Realizado em Rio Grande/RS com uma amostra de 1300 pessoas entrevistadas por meio de questionário no ano de 2016. Um total de 16,1% (IC95% 13,0:19,3) dos entrevistados utilizou os serviços nos últimos três meses. Destes, 78% o fizeram nos serviços privados, com predomínio nas academias de ginástica (73,2%). Já para os que não utilizaram, a falta de tempo foi o motivo em 31,1%, e para 37,7% a escola foi o último contato com o professor de educação física. Um total de 18,8% da população nunca utilizou serviços de educação física. O conhecimento sobre a educação física nas políticas públicas de saúde foi de 15,4% para Unidades Básicas de Saúde e 13,9% no Hospital Universitário. Há uma baixa utilização dos serviços de educação física na população adulta e idosa, concentrada em espaços privados e mais acessível a grupos de maior renda e escolaridade. Assim há uma ausência de democratização na utilização deste serviço na população adulta e idosa.