bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of ELISA-Based Multiplex Peptides for the Detection of Human Serum Antibodies Induced by Zika Virus Infection across Various Countries
Authors: Martinez Viedma Maria del Pilar , Panossian Stephen , Gifford Kennedy , García Kimberly , Figueroa Isis , Parham Leda , de Moraes Laise , Nunes Gomes Lillian , García-Salum Tamara , Perret Cecilia , Weiskopf Daniela , Tan Gene S. , Augusto Silva Antônio , Boaventura Viviane , Ruiz-Palacios Guillermo M. , Sette Alessandro , De Silva Aruna Dharshan , Medina Rafael A. , Lorenzana Ivette , Akrami Kevan M. , Khouri Ricardo , Olson Daniel , Pickett Brett E.
Published: July 2021

Zika virus (ZIKV) is a mosquito-borne Flavivirus with a positive-sense RNA genome, which are generally transmitted through the bite of an infected Aedes mosquito. ZIKV infections could be associated with neurological sequelae that, and otherwise produces similar clinical symptoms as other co-circulating pathogens. Past infection with one member of the Flavivirus genus often induces cross-reactive antibodies against other flaviruses. These attributes complicate the ability to differentially diagnose ZIKV infection from other endemic mosquito-borne viruses, making it both a public health issue as well as a diagnostic challenge. We report the results from serological analyses using arbovirus-specific peptides on 339 samples that were previously collected from 6 countries. Overall, we found that our multiplexed peptide-based ELISA was highly efficient for identifying ZIKV antibodies as early as 2 weeks post infection, and that it correlates with microneutralization, plaque reduction neutralization tests (PRNTs) and commercial tests for ZIKV in previously characterized samples. We observed that seropositivity varied by patient cohort, reflecting the sampling period in relation to the 2015–2016 ZIKV outbreak. This work evaluates the accuracy, specificity, and sensitivity of our peptide-based ELISA method for detecting ZIKV antibodies from geographically diverse regions. These findings can contribute to ongoing serological methods development and can be adapted for use in future studies.
Targeting Viral Surface Proteins through Structure-Based Design
Authors: Narkhede Yogesh B , Gonzalez Karen J , Strauch Eva-Maria
Published: July 2021

The emergence of novel viral infections of zoonotic origin and mutations of existing human pathogenic viruses represent a serious concern for public health. It warrants the establishment of better interventions and protective therapies to combat the virus and prevent its spread. Surface glycoproteins catalyzing the fusion of viral particles and host cells have proven to be an excellent target for antivirals as well as vaccines. This review focuses on recent advances for computational structure-based design of antivirals and vaccines targeting viral fusion machinery to control seasonal and emerging respiratory viruses.
Comparison and Sensitivity Evaluation of Three Different Commercial Real-Time Quantitative PCR Kits for SARS-CoV-2 Detection
Authors: Banko Ana , Petrovic Gordana , Miljanovic Danijela , Loncar Ana , Vukcevic Marija , Despot Dragana , Cirkovic Andja
Published: July 2021

Real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) is the most sensitive and specific assay and, therefore, is the “gold standard” diagnostic method for the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The aim of this study was to compare and analyze the detection performance of three different commercially available SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid detection kits: Sansure Biotech, GeneFinderTM, and TaqPathTM on 354 randomly selected samples from hospitalized COVID-19 patients. All PCR reactions were performed using the same RNA isolates and one real-time PCR machine. The final result of the three evaluated kits was not statistically different (p = 0.107), and also had a strong positive association and high Cohen’s κ coefficient. In contrast, the average Ct values that refer to the ORF1ab and N gene amplification were significantly different (p < 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively), with the lowest obtained by the TaqPathTM for the ORF1ab and by the Sansure Biotech for the N gene. The results show a high similarity in the analytical sensitivities for SARS-CoV-2 detection, which indicates that the diagnostic accuracy of the three assays is comparable. However, the SanSure Biotech kit showed a bit better diagnostic performance. Our findings suggest that the imperative for improvement should address the determination of cut-off Ct values and rapid modification of the primer sets along with the appearance of new variants.
Human Papillomavirus Detection by Whole-Genome Next-Generation Sequencing: Importance of Validation and Quality Assurance Procedures
Authors: Mühr Laila Sara Arroyo , Guerendiain Daniel , Cuschieri Kate , Sundström Karin
Published: July 2021

Next-generation sequencing (NGS) yields powerful opportunities for studying human papillomavirus (HPV) genomics for applications in epidemiology, public health, and clinical diagnostics. HPV genotypes, variants, and point mutations can be investigated in clinical materials and described in previously unprecedented detail. However, both the NGS laboratory analysis and bioinformatical approach require numerous steps and checks to ensure robust interpretation of results. Here, we provide a step-by-step review of recommendations for validation and quality assurance procedures of each step in the typical NGS workflow, with a focus on whole-genome sequencing approaches. The use of directed pilots and protocols to ensure optimization of sequencing data yield, followed by curated bioinformatical procedures, is particularly emphasized. Finally, the storage and sharing of data sets are discussed. The development of international standards for quality assurance should be a goal for the HPV NGS community, similar to what has been developed for other areas of sequencing efforts including microbiology and molecular pathology. We thus propose that it is time for NGS to be included in the global efforts on quality assurance and improvement of HPV-based testing and diagnostics.
Viperin, an IFN-Stimulated Protein, Delays Rotavirus Release by Inhibiting Non-Structural Protein 4 (NSP4)-Induced Intrinsic Apoptosis
Authors: Sarkar Rakesh , Nandi Satabdi , Lo Mahadeb , Gope Animesh , Chawla-Sarkar Mamta
Published: July 2021

Viral infections lead to expeditious activation of the host’s innate immune responses, most importantly the interferon (IFN) response, which manifests a network of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) that constrain escalating virus replication by fashioning an ill-disposed environment. Interestingly, most viruses, including rotavirus, have evolved numerous strategies to evade or subvert host immune responses to establish successful infection. Several studies have documented the induction of ISGs during rotavirus infection. In this study, we evaluated the induction and antiviral potential of viperin, an ISG, during rotavirus infection. We observed that rotavirus infection, in a stain independent manner, resulted in progressive upregulation of viperin at increasing time points post-infection. Knockdown of viperin had no significant consequence on the production of total infectious virus particles. Interestingly, substantial escalation in progeny virus release was observed upon viperin knockdown, suggesting the antagonistic role of viperin in rotavirus release. Subsequent studies unveiled that RV-NSP4 triggered relocalization of viperin from the ER, the normal residence of viperin, to mitochondria during infection. Furthermore, mitochondrial translocation of NSP4 was found to be impeded by viperin, leading to abridged cytosolic release of Cyt c and subsequent inhibition of intrinsic apoptosis. Additionally, co-immunoprecipitation studies revealed that viperin associated with NSP4 through regions including both its radical SAM domain and its C-terminal domain. Collectively, the present study demonstrated the role of viperin in restricting rotavirus egress from infected host cells by modulating NSP4 mediated apoptosis, highlighting a novel mechanism behind viperin’s antiviral action in addition to the intricacy of viperin–virus interaction.
Induction of Protection in Mice against a Chlamydia muridarum Respiratory Challenge by a Vaccine Formulated with the Major Outer Membrane Protein in Nanolipoprotein Particles
Authors: Tifrea Delia F. , He Wei , Pal Sukumar , Evans Angela C. , Gilmore Sean F. , Fischer Nicholas O. , Rasley Amy , Coleman Matthew A. , de la Maza Luis M.
Published: July 2021

Chlamydia trachomatis is a sexually transmitted bacterium that infects over 130 million individuals worldwide annually. To implement a vaccine, we developed a cell-free co-translational system to express the Chlamydia muridarum major outer membrane protein (MOMP). This approach uses a nanolipoprotein particles (tNLP) made from ApoA1 protein, amphiphilic telodendrimer and lipids that self-assemble to form 10–25 nm discs. These tNLP provide a protein-encapsulated lipid support to solubilize and fold membrane proteins. The cell-free system co-translated MOMP and ApoA1 in the presence of telodendrimer mixed with lipids. The MOMP-tNLP complex was amenable to CpG and FSL-1 adjuvant addition. To investigate the ability of MOMP-tNLP+CpG+FSL-1 to induce protection against an intranasal (i.n.) C. muridarum challenge, female mice were vaccinated intramuscularly (i.m.) or i.n. and i.m. simultaneously 4 weeks apart. Following vaccination with MOMP-tNLP+CpG+FSL-1, mice mounted significant humoral and cell-mediated immune responses. Following the i.n. challenge, mice vaccinated with MOMP-tNLP+CpG+FSL-1 i.n. + i.m. group were protected as determined by the percentage change in body weight and by the number of C. muridarum inclusion forming units (IFU) recovered from the lungs. To our knowledge, this is the first time a MOMP-based vaccine formulated in tNLP has been shown to protect against C. muridarum.
Purpuric Skin Rash in a Patient Undergoing Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccination: Histological Evaluation and Perspectives
Authors: Cazzato Gerardo , Romita Paolo , Foti Caterina , Cimmino Antonietta , Colagrande Anna , Arezzo Francesca , Sablone Sara , Barile Angela , Lettini Teresa , Resta Leonardo , Ingravallo Giuseppe
Published: July 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the entire planet, and within about a year and a half, has led to 174,502,686 confirmed cases of COVID-19 worldwide, with 3,770,361 deaths. Although it is now clear that SARS-CoV-2 can affect various different organs, including the lungs, brain, skin, vessels, placenta and others, less is yet known about adverse reactions from vaccines, although more and more reports are starting to emerge. Among the adverse events, we focused particularly on skin rashes. In this short report, we describe the case of a patient vaccinated with Comirnaty, who developed a purpuric rash resistant to oral steroid therapy after 2 weeks. To date, this is one of the very few cases in which skin biopsy was performed to better characterize the histopathological picture of this rash. Finally, we conduct a literature review of the cases of rashes from SARS-CoV-2 vaccines described in the literature, with the aim of laying foundations for future, larger case studies.
Willingness to Receive the COVID-19 and Seasonal Influenza Vaccines among the Saudi Population and Vaccine Uptake during the Initial Stage of the National Vaccination Campaign: A Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: Fayed Amel Ahmed , Al Shahrani Abeer Salem , Almanea Leenah Tawfiq , Alsweed Nardeen Ibrahim , Almarzoug Layla Mohammed , Almuwallad Reham Ibrahim , Almugren Waad Fahad
Published: July 2021

This study aimed to assess the willingness to receive the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and seasonal influenza vaccines and vaccine uptake during the early stage of the national vaccination campaign in Saudi Arabia. A cross-sectional online survey was conducted among adult Saudis between 20 January and 20 March 2021. The questionnaire addressed vaccine hesitancy, perceived risk, willingness, and vaccine uptake. Approximately 39% of the participants expressed vaccine hesitancy, and 29.8% and 24% felt highly vulnerable to contracting COVID-19 and seasonal influenza, respectively. The majority (59.5%) were willing to receive the COVID-19 vaccine, although only 31.7% were willing to receive the flu vaccine. Adjusted analysis showed that vaccine hesitancy (OR 0.34, 95% CI 0.27–0.43) and the perception of being at high risk (OR 2.78, 95% CI 1.68–4.60) independently affected the intention to be vaccinated. Vaccine hesitancy was similar among those who were willing to be vaccinated (29.8%) and those who had already been vaccinated (33.1%). The perceived risk was significantly higher among those who had been vaccinated (48.1%) than among those who were willing to be vaccinated but had not yet been vaccinated (29.1%). In conclusion, the acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine in Saudi Arabia is high. Saudis who received the vaccine had a similar level of vaccine hesitancy and a higher level of perceived risk.
Environmental Impacts on Zooplankton Functional Diversity in Brackish Semi-Enclosed Gulf
Authors: Labuce Astra , Ikauniece Anda , Jurgensone Iveta , Aigars Juris
Published: July 2021

Zooplankton as an essential component in the pelagic food web are directly linked to pelagic ecosystem functioning. Therefore, comprehension of zooplankton functional diversity (FD) and its responses to environmental changes is crucial for ecosystem-based view. To identify FD responses to environmental drivers, we analysed 25 years of summer data on the brackish mesozooplankton community (including rotifers, cladocerans, copepods, and meroplankton) from the eutrophied, shallow Gulf of Riga (Baltic Sea). We established that within the Gulf of Riga, open waters are notably different from coastal regions based on the dynamics of hydrological conditions (temperature, salinity), cyanobacterial dominance, abundance of mesozooplankton functional groups, and mesozooplankton FD indices. Competition over resources in combination with hydrodynamic features and predation by adult herring were seemingly the central structuring mechanism behind the dynamics of FD metrics (richness, evenness, divergence, and dispersion) within coastal mesozooplankton communities. Whereas predation by young herring was an important driver only for the mesozooplankton communities in the open waters. Cyanobacterial dominance, used as a proxy for food quality and availability, had no effect on summer mesozooplankton FD metrics.
Hydrological Modeling in Water Cycle Processes
Authors: Wang Weiguang , Chen Lu , Xu Chong-Yu
Published: July 2021

The water cycle shows the continuous and complex movement of water within the earth and atmosphere in which water moves from the land and ocean surface to the atmosphere and back in form of precipitation [...]
A Conflict between Traditional Flood Measures and Maintaining River Ecosystems? A Case Study Based upon the River Lærdal, Norway
Authors: Juárez Ana , Alfredsen Knut , Stickler Morten , Adeva-Bustos Ana , Suárez Rodrigo , Seguín-García Sonia , Hansen Bendik
Published: July 2021

Floods are among the most damaging of natural disasters, and flood events are expected to increase in magnitude and frequency with the effects of climate change and changes in land use. As a consequence, much focus has been placed on the engineering of structural flood mitigation measures in rivers. Traditional flood protection measures, such as levees and dredging of the river channel, threaten floodplains and river ecosystems, but during the last decade, sustainable reconciliation of freshwater ecosystems has increased. However, we still find many areas where these traditional measures are proposed, and it is challenging to find tools for evaluation of different measures and quantification of the possible impacts. In this paper, we focus on the river Lærdal in Norway to (i) present the dilemma between traditional flood measures and maintaining river ecosystems and (ii) quantify the efficiency and impact of different solutions based on 2D hydraulic models, remote sensing data, economics, and landscape metrics. Our results show that flood measures may be in serious conflict with environmental protection and legislation to preserve biodiversity and key nature types.
Drinking Water Arsenic and Adverse Reproductive Outcomes in Men and Women: A Systematic PRISMA Review
Authors: Barsøe Ida M. , Ebdrup Ninna H. , Clausen Hannah S. , Lyngsø Julie , Schullehner Jörg , Ramlau-Hansen Cecilia H. , Bay Bjørn , Knudsen Ulla B.
Published: July 2021

Infertility is a worldwide health issue, but mechanisms of both male and female reproductive toxicity remain to be elucidated. So far, a limited focus has been on potentially harmful environmental factors such as arsenic, which is naturally occurring in groundwater. The objective of this review was to systematically investigate the association between arsenic in drinking water and adverse reproductive outcomes in men and women of fertile age. We conducted a systematic literature search and included case-control studies and cohort studies reporting on decreased semen quality characteristics, increased time to pregnancy, infertility, or spontaneous abortion. In total, 433 articles were screened and ultimately, eight studies were included. Included literature was quality assessed with the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Findings were reported in a narrative synthesis. Only one study investigated male fertility. An association between increasing arsenic exposure and decreasing semen quality characteristics was found, as well as an indication of arsenic accumulation in seminal plasma. These findings are, however, at high arsenic levels (>1000 µg/L). No consistent evidence was found to support the hypothesis that arsenic exposure from drinking water is a cause of longer waiting time to pregnancy or spontaneous abortion, being the only endpoints investigated in the included literature. In conclusion; the evidence is sparse and of varying quality, however, it does warrant attention, as it conflicts with existing evidence, mainly from cross-sectional or ecologic studies.
Toward Decentralised Sanitary Sewage Collection Systems: A Multiobjective Approach for Cost-Effective and Resilient Designs
Authors: Zahediasl Arezoo , E. Bakhshipour Amin , Dittmer Ulrich , Haghighi Ali
Published: July 2021

In recent years, the concept of a centralized drainage system that connect an entire city to one single treatment plant is increasingly being questioned in terms of the costs, reliability, and environmental impacts. This study introduces an optimization approach based on decentralization in order to develop a cost-effective and sustainable sewage collection system. For this purpose, a new algorithm based on the growing spanning tree algorithm is developed for decentralized layout generation and treatment plant allocation. The trade-off between construction and operation costs, resilience, and the degree of centralization is a multiobjective problem that consists of two subproblems: the layout of the networks and the hydraulic design. The innovative characteristics of the proposed framework are that layout and hydraulic designs are solved simultaneously, three objectives are optimized together, and the entire problem solving process is self-adaptive. The model is then applied to a real case study. The results show that finding an optimum degree of centralization could reduce not only the network’s costs by 17.3%, but could also increase its structural resilience significantly compared to fully centralized networks.
Halocline Induced by Rainfall in Saline Water Ponds in the Tropics and Its Impact on Physical Water Quality
Authors: Ozaki Akinori , Kaewjantawee Panitan , Nguyen Van Thinh , Matsumoto Masaru
Published: July 2021

In saline water ponds in the tropics, a halocline may occur due to rainfall, especially in the rainy season. The critical impacts of haloclines in saline water ponds are heat insulation and the obstruction of vertical mixing. Considering the water quality in saline water ponds, the appearance of a halocline could have an impact on its variation, as the pond water quality may be impacted by both heat insulation and the obstruction of vertical mixing. Especially in saline water ponds with the purpose of aquaculture production, the appearance of a halocline may lead to dangerous risks, such as physiological stress on aquaculture products, increases in pathogenic micro-organisms, and deterioration of water quality. In the present study, the impact of the appearance of a halocline on physical water qualities was investigated by analyzing continuous on-site observation data obtained in Thailand. It was found that, after the appearance of the halocline, the heat was stored in the lower high-salinity layer, due to the heat insulation effect of the halocline. Furthermore, the halocline was also suggested to have an impact on the transportation of turbidity and to change the DO (dissolved oxygen) distribution in the vertical direction. These results are expected to provide information for assessment of the risk in saline water ponds and to contribute to a new approach for understanding deterioration problems in saline water aquaculture ponds.
The Origin of Quartz Cement in the Upper Triassic Second Member of the Xujiahe Formation Sandstones, Western Sichuan Basin, China
Authors: Ren Jie , Lv Zhengxiang , Wang Honghui , Wu Jianmeng , Zhang Shunli
Published: July 2021

High-precision in situ δ18O values obtained using secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) for μm-size quartz cement are applied to constrain the origin of the silica in the deep-buried Upper Triassic second member of Xujiahe Formation tight sandstones, western Sichuan Basin, China. Petrographic, cathodoluminescence (CL), and fluid inclusion data from the quartz cements in the Xu2 sandstones indicate three distinct, separate quartz precipitation phases (referred to as Q1, Q2, and Q3). The Q1 quartz cement was formed at temperatures of approximately 56–85 °C and attained the highest δ18O values (ranging from 18.3 to 19.05‰ Vienna Standard Mean Ocean Water (VSMOW)). The Q2 quartz cement was generated at temperatures of approximately 90–125 °C, accompanying the main phase of hydrocarbon fluid inclusions, with the highest Al2O3 content and high δ18O values (ranging from 15 to 17.99‰ VSMOW). The Q3 quartz cement was formed at temperatures of approximately 130–175 °C, with the lowest δ18O values (ranging from 12.79 to 15.47‰ VSMOW). A portion of the Q2 and Q3 quartz cement has a relatively high K2O content. The dissolution of feldspar and volcanic rock fragments was likely the most important source of silica for the Q1 quartz cement. The variations in δ18O(water) and trace element composition from the Q2 quartz cement to the Q3 quartz cement suggest that hydrocarbon emplacement and water-rock interactions greatly altered the chemistry of the pore fluid. Feldspar dissolution by organic acids, clay mineral reactions (illitization and chloritization of smectite), and pressure dissolution were the main sources of silica for the Q2 and Q3 quartz cements, while transformation of the clay minerals in the external shale unit was a limited silica source.
Stormwater Harvested from Permeable Pavements as a Means to Save Potable Water in Buildings
Authors: Martins Vaz Igor Catão , Ghisi Enedir , Thives Liseane Padilha
Published: July 2021

The main objective of this work is to analyse the potential for potable water savings in university buildings by using stormwater collected from permeable pavements. Six buildings located on the campus of the Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC) were selected to obtain monthly water consumption patterns and parking lot areas. The same six buildings were then evaluated considering their location in eight different cities in Brazil, with different rainfall patterns. Simulations using the computer programme Netuno were run to obtain the potential for potable water savings in each building and city combined. The structural design of permeable pavements was also assessed using two methods available in the literature, that is, the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) and Brazilian Portland Cement Association (ABCP). The hydrological-hydraulic design of the permeable pavement was also carried out. The designed thicknesses were compared with the thicknesses obtained using the computer programme Permeable Design Pro. The potential for potable water savings between 18.4% and 84.8% was obtained, depending on the city, building and non-potable water demand considered. For the structural design, the thicknesses obtained by using both methods were similar; however, it was observed that the AASHTO method better represents the pavement model. Regarding the hydrological-hydraulic design, the differences obtained show that the simplification performed for the pavement drainage was in favour of safety. In conclusion, the use of permeable pavements in stormwater harvesting systems is promising, aligning the drainage aid, structural capacity and potential for saving potable water.
Studies of the influence factors on the coloring properties of black carrot powder
Authors: Tarasova I.A.
Published: July 2021

The article presents materials on the infl uence of storage conditions on the technological and consumer properties of natural anthocyanin dye extracted from black carrots. The solubility of the dye in various media was studied. It was found that anthocyanins do not completely dissolve in alcohol, the solubility point of the powder dye and the ratio of water to alcohol were determined. The dependence of the maximum optical density on acidity was studied when black carrot powder was dissolved in water and water with alcohol. Studies have been performed on changes in the color of an aqueous solution at diff erent pH values of an aqueous suspension prepared in accordance with GOST 2119.3-91 (ISO 787-9-81) General test methods for pigments and fillers. Determination of the pH of an aqueous suspension. Changes in the properties of the dye under different storage temperature conditions and the influence of light exposure were studied.
Russian world: from the past to the present and future
Authors: Valeeva E. , Napalkov S.
Published: July 2021

On the results of the International Scientific and Practical Conference “Russian World: the Dynamics of Scientific Knowledge”, held October 23–25, 2019 at the National Research Nizhny Novgorod State University named after N.I. Lobachevsky (Arzamas branch of NNSU).
Study of the critical deformation dependence for dynamic recrystallization in low-carbon steels on the chemical composition
Authors: Gadalov V.N. , Shkatov V.V. , Skripkina Yu. V. , Gvozdev A.E.
Published: July 2021

The article considers dependence of the critical deformation for dynamic recrystallization in low-alloy steels on the chemical composition. The article shows an improved model for forecasting the critical deformation for dynamic recrystallization, which allows considering the content of chemical elements in steel. The article analyzes the influence of the chemical composition of low-alloy steels on the value of critical deformation during hot deformation. The article shows that the developed mathematical model can be used in the system of automated control of the structure and properties of steels during hot rolling to forecast conditions for the development of dynamic recrystallization and to select the optimal chemical composition of steels.
Selection of Diagnosed Quantities of Electromechanical Systems
Authors: Borisenko V. F. , Sidorov V. A.
Published: July 2021

The article discusses the issues of justification of the selection of diagnostic values for assessing the technical condition of electromechanical systems of equipment. The selection is based on calculation models and models of damage development. The presence of several variants of damage requires constant monitoring of mechanical and electrical values analyzed by the decision-making block, taking into account possible scenarios. Monitoring of the actual state of the electromechanical system is possible when using a set of diagnostic values: technological process, vibration, temperature, current and load characteristics. The analysis of current values requires the use of continuous monitoring systems, diagnostic models that take into account the actual operating mode, and expert decision-making systems focused on fixing slow and fast changes. It is advisable to restore the working condition of the equipment on the basis of a system of scheduled preventive repairs, taking into account the actual condition. A prerequisite is the use of visual inspection, non-destructive testing methods (if necessary), and lubrication analysis methods.
Memória urbana em rastros: a Praça Onze de Junho no Rio de Janeiro
Authors:   , Jesus Karine Dias de
Published: July 2021

A Praça Onze de Junho, popularmente conhecida como Praça Onze, foi um espaço público que, no início do século XIX, surgiu e se consolidou nos arredores do centro do Rio de Janeiro. O local, fortemente associado às manifestações da cultura popular, tal como o samba e o carnaval, ganhou seu espaço na história da cidade, por meio das vivências praticadas pelo grupo desse segmento cultural. Durante a década de 1940, a praça foi alvo de uma das reformas pelas quais passou o território carioca, a construção da Avenida Presidente Vargas, que fez com que a Praça Onze desaparecesse em sua totalidade da paisagem. Baseado em uma leitura da memória urbana, e em uma análise por meio da imaginária urbana atrelada à arte pública e ao mobiliário urbano que fizeram parte do local, pretendese, com esta dissertação, reconstruir a trajetória espacial da Praça Onze de Junho. O recorte temporal estabelecido compreende do início do século XIX ao final do século XX, desde que o logradouro foi implantado até o período em que seus rastros foram inscritos na cidade. Apesar da configuração de praça ter sido dissolvida, o espaço público constituído pela Praça Onze ainda possui seu significado intensamente ligado à região que pertencera. Ainda, a arte pública e mobiliário urbano, que integraram a sua paisagem, contribuem para que essa história seja contada. Por fim, seus rastros, mesmo que espalhados pelo espaço, reforçam a relevância do local na história da cidade.
Uma investigação sobre clima escolar, violência e gestão de conflitos numa escola estadual do Norte de Minas Gerais
Authors:   , Melo Eliana Alves Camargo
Published: July 2021

Esta pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa teve como foco principal a violência no contexto escolar e buscou responder à seguinte questão: como a gestão pode mediar os conflitos e proporcionar melhores condições de convivência para os alunos e funcionários de uma escola que conviveu e ainda convive com elevados níveis de violência escolar? Nesse sentido, o objetivo geral da pesquisa foi: discutir as situações de violência que envolvem contexto escolar da escola pesquisada, buscando identificar as situações de violência escolar, as estratégias da gestão para lidar com os conflitos na escola estudada, entre os anos de 2012 a 2019. Os objetivos específicos foram: i) identificar os casos mais recorrentes de violência escolar ocorridos na Escola Estadual Professora Clara Menezes Dias (EEPCMD), entre os anos de 2012 a 2019, compreender as possíveis causas e consequências dessa violência; ii) analisar os dados sobre violência, as ações de enfrentamento às situações de violências e as ações pedagógicas desenvolvidas pela gestão escolar desta escola; iii) propor ações de convivência e maior aproximação entre alunos, professores e pais e ações pedagógicas para diminuir os índices de violência, indisciplina e vandalismo na escola. A pesquisa se desenvolveu em uma escola estadual de Minas Gerais e teve como sujeitos de pesquisa um grupo de professores que atuam do 6º ao 9º ano do Ensino Fundamental e a equipe gestora. Embasamo-nos, teoricamente, em Abramovay e Rua (2002); Abramovay (2004); Abramovay (2015); Bourdieu (2014); Guiducci (2018), Guedes (2017). Sobre gestão escolar, buscamos embasamento em: Dusi (2017), Freire (2015), Luck (2009). Com relação aos procedimentos metodológicos e instrumentos de pesquisa de campo utilizados para responder a nossa pergunta, adotamos o estudo de caso com metodologia qualitativa e aplicamos questionários aos professores e fizemos entrevistas com a equipe gestora. Para finalizar nossa pesquisa, com base nos achados e à luz do referencial teórico, foi elaborado um Plano de Ação Educacional que tem como principais diretrizes: a formação continuada de professores; a utilização das Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação (TIC) em sala de aula, a redefinição das regras de convivência; a criação de projetos culturais, de lazer e sociais entre escola e comunidade
Desafios do Ensino Médio no contexto das avaliações externas realizadas na Escola Estadual Padre Simim
Authors:   , Machado Bruno Brandão
Published: July 2021

A presente dissertação é desenvolvida no âmbito do Programa de Pósgraduação Profissional (PPGP) em Gestão e Avaliação da Educação Pública, do Centro de Políticas Públicas e Avaliação da Educação da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (CAEd/UFJF). O objetivo deste estudo é investigar os fatores relacionados ao baixo desempenho da escola Estadual Padre Simim, situada no município de Acaiaca – MG, nas avaliações externas, bem como analisar os principais desafios do Ensino Médio no âmbito nacional, estadual e nas especificidades do contexto dessa instituição. Pretende-se estabelecer uma relação entre os desafios desse nível de ensino e como eles impactam no processo ensinoaprendizagem. Além disso, propõe-se um plano de ação com o intuito de minimizar os problemas detectados. Para tanto, o estudo baseia-se em uma pesquisa bibliográfica e na realização de pesquisa de campo por meio de entrevista estruturada com a equipe gestora da escola e realização de grupos focais com alunos, professores e ex-professores dessa instituição de ensino. A análise dos dados coletados foi realizada com base nos autores: Flick (2004), Gil (2007), Bonamino e Sousa (2012), Costa (2019), Tartuce et al. (2018), Tomazetti e Schlickmann (2016), Canguçu e Romero (2014), Melo e Morais (2019), Melo e Leonardo (2019), entre outros. Frente aos desafios discutidos ao longo do texto, foi proposto um Plano de Ação Educacional com as propostas de intervenção a serem aplicadas pela gestão escolar com o objetivo de melhorar a aprendizagem. Esse plano apresenta quatro eixos de ações principais: estreitamento das relações entre as famílias e a escola; criação de canais de escuta e comunicação com os estudantes; criação de um plano de convivência e incentivo ao protagonismo juvenil; e criação de um canal de escuta e discussão sobre as avaliações externas.
Diretrizes curriculares nacionais dos cursos de graduação em Educação Física (Resolução n°06/18): as forças sociais hegemônicas na condução dos rumos da formação
Authors:   , Maciel Thiago Barreto
Published: July 2021

Os objetivos do presente trabalho foram: a) Investigar as forças/sujeitos sociais e as mediações internas à educação física que atuaram no atual recorte histórico das DCN e impulsionaram à desconsideração da Minuta de Projeto de Resolução 2015 em favor da Resolução CNE/CES n° 06/2018; b) Perquirir a forma e o conteúdo das atuais DCN em relação com as forças/sujeitos sociais que influenciaram em sua construção; c) Analisar as forças sociais e o projeto de formação humana localizados no plano mais geral da relação capital-trabalho que influenciaram sobre os rumos das atuais DCN; d) Identificar os elementos gerais acumulados pelos campos progressista/revolucionário que sinalizam para uma formação politécnica na área. O trabalho trata sobre a formação profissional em educação física e teve como recorte temporal de suas análises o período compreendido a partir do ano de 2015 – momento em que foi divulgada a Minuta de Projeto de Resolução pelo CNE/CES para debater novas DCN para os cursos de graduação em educação física – até o período da homologação das atuais DCN no ano de 2018. A partir do materialismo histórico-dialético, realizou-se uma pesquisa de caráter teórico-documental, que teve como procedimentos: (a) estudo de clássicos em formato de livros, artigos, dissertações e teses; (b) revisão bibliográfica em periódicos digitais de grande circulação na área; (c) análise documental da Minuta de 2015, do Parecer n° 584/18, e da Resolução n° 06/18; (d) análise do áudio oficial da Audiência Pública que debateu a Minuta ocorrida em 11 de dezembro de 2015 nas dependências do MEC; (e) análise das manifestações públicas de dois interlocutores privilegiados sobre o tema dentro do CNE: o relator do Parecer n°584/18 e o relator da Minuta 2015. Como resultado constatamos que as atuais DCN de educação física se formaram e se consolidaram em razão da situação política brasileira aberta após o golpe jurídico-parlamentar do ano de 2016, no contexto de avanço das forças conservadoras e reacionárias no Brasil. Tais diretrizes expressam, enquanto parte de um bloco histórico, as marcas do atual momento de agudização neoliberal no país, em que pese comportar contradições. Como conclusões temos que as atuais DCN se configuram como mais retrógradas em relação à normativa que vinha vigorando e, assim, tal embate se demonstrou uma derrota dos campos progressista/revolucionário; mas que devido à dinamicidade da luta de classes ainda é possível um novo horizonte.
De la segmentation sociale à l’ethnicité dans les suds péninsulaires ? Réflexions sur les constructions identitaires et les jalons ethniques à partir de l’exemple des pêcheurs birmans du Tenasserim
Authors: Boutry Maxime , Ivanoff Jacques
Published: July 2021

Les interrelations culturelles entre pêcheurs birmans et Moken dans le Tenasserim (sud de la Birmanie) permettent de remettre à jour le débat sur l’ethnicité. Que sont donc ces pêcheurs vivant à l’écart des structures sociales communes aux Birmans du continent, sur les flottilles de l’archipel Mergui où les intermariages entre les deux groupes sont systématiques ? Des Birmans ethnicisés ou des Moken en voie de birmanisation ? Cet article considère les constructions identitaires nées de la rencontre entre une ethnie dominante et une ethnie minoritaire de nomades marins confrontés à une récente colonisation de leur environnement, révélant dans une dynamique contemporaine les interrelations historiques entre nomades et sédentaires, entre un centre souvent illusoire et ses «périphéries » . Du débat sur l’ethnicité surgissent également la question des frontières ethniques et celle d’un fonds culturel persistant qui s’exprime précisément dans ces interactions, soit un double mécanisme de résistance et d’adaptations, jusqu’à la rupture qui conduira un groupe social à se segmenter pour éventuellement devenir une ethnie, des processus que vient éclairer l’exemple d’autres groupes de la péninsule Malaise.
La monture de conque inscrite du Musée national de Phnom Penh Relecture de l’inscription angkorienne K. 779
Authors: Soutif Dominique
Published: July 2021

La monture de conque en bronze conservée au Musée national de Phnom Penh est l’un des rares exemples connus de ce type d’objets et le seul dont on connaisse la provenance : le Preah Khan d’Angkor. Le coquillage qu’elle accueillait étant perdu, son usage — instrument à vent ou conque à eau lustrale — reste difficile à préciser. Quoi qu’il en soit, le texte inscrit sur ses flancs, K. 779, témoigne du fait que cet accessoire de culte fut offert par Jayavarman VII à l’une des divinités du Preah Khan, le Kamrateṅ Jagat Śrī Vīrendreśvara. Cette courte inscription souligne l’intérêt de documenter soigneusement les sources épigraphiques. Quarante ans après sa publication par George Coedès, de nouveaux documents ont en effet permis d’améliorer sensiblement l’édition qu’il en avait proposée. Cette inscription «étiquette » apparaît alors comme l’une des plus complètes de ce type. Elle permet d’identifier la chapelle où la conque était utilisée et précise que Vīrendreśvara était situé «auprès » du Kamrateṅ Jagat Śrī Yaśovarmeśvara, connu comme la divinité principale du complexe sud de Preah Khan. Elle confirme ainsi la répartition géographique et la hiérarchie des divinités de ce temple.
Une approche de la tradition céramique vietnamienne du premier millénaire apr. J.-C. L’appropriation de techniques issues du monde chinois
Authors: Wisniewski Béatrice
Published: July 2021

En dehors du Viêt-nam même, les céramiques produites sur le territoire des Viêts durant le premier millénaire de notre ère sont très peu précisément connues et largement sous-étudiées. Elles se révèlent pourtant être des pièces charnières portant les empreintes d’une avancée technique majeure : l’utilisation des fours à structure fermée pérenne. Elles sont donc marquées par l’appropriation, dès le début notre ère, d’une technologie issue du monde chinois. L’étude des fours à céramiques actifs durant les dix siècles de présence chinoise dans le nord du Viêt-nam n’a cessé de s’agrémenter de nouvelles découvertes. La récente fouille du site de Tuần Châu, menée en collaboration avec l’Institut d’archéologie de Hanoi, le musée de la province de Quảng Ninh et financée par l’École française d’Extrême-Orient, a ouvert de nouvelles perspectives sur un corpus de sites jusquelà peu connus en dehors du pays. La question ici n’est pas d’établir une typologie de ces sites mais de les étudier dans un contexte plus large, celui de l’appropriation d’avancées technologiques, renforçant l’inscription de la société vietnamienne dans des réseaux d’échanges régionaux et interrégionaux actifs.
Age et origine de roches volcaniques observées sur les estrans de l'extrême ouest du massif armoricain (France)
Authors: Bellon Hervé , Chauris Louis , Hallégouët Bernard , Thonon Pierre
Published: July 2021

Iso topic datings (40K -40 Ar method) carried on volcanic pebbles from several West Brittany strands yield ages ranging betwen 3,6 and 1 M.a. Only an Icelandic origin of these pebbles seems compatible with their Plio-Quaternary age.
Interference of post-emergent herbicides with wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) productivity parameters/ Interferência de herbicidas pós-emergentes sobre parâmetros produtivos do trigo (Triticum aestivum L.)
Authors: Rüdell Eduardo Carlos , Giacomini Argel José , Frandaloso Dieferson , Zanrosso Bianca Antoniolli , Santos Fernando Machado dos , Novelli Maria Antônia Rossatto
Published: July 2021

Wheat is the most important income-generating crop in southern Brazil during the cold season. It also contributes to the crop rotation system and increases the yield of successive crops. During its growth cycle, herbicides are used to control weeds, which are the main factor limiting wheat productivity. Further, high costs of weed control directly affect crop economic returns. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the application of two herbicides, namely, 2,4-D and iodosulfuron-methyl, on the productivity of two wheat cultivars during the nine different stages of crop development. The most suitable crop stage for herbicide application, as described in the corresponding label on the package, is at the beginning of tillering. 2,4-D had a significant impact on productivity parameters, reducing the number of tillers, the number of ears, and the number of tillers without grains, while increasing the number of tillers without ears and ears without grains, indicating greater phytotoxicity and, ultimately, reducing crop productivity. Conversely, iodosulfuron-methyl showed greater selectivity to the wheat cultivars tested and caused a much lesser impact on the productivity parameters measured.
Characterization of small Brushless motors for unmanned aerial vehicles/ Caracterização de motores Brushless de pequeno porte para veículos aéreos não tripulados
Authors: Meyer Ivo Z. L. , Barros José E. M. , Barros José E. M.
Published: July 2021

Brushless motors are increasingly present in our lives and to get the best out of them it is important to know their performance. The objective of this work is to create a methodology of experimental characterization of this type of motor. As a methodology, research was done on similar works, it was built a test bench and an acquisition system to obtain the data. The variables measured were: rotation, torque, temperature, current and voltage. In addition to possessing a servo motor that acts like brake prony type to vary the load applied to the system. The results obtained allowed the analysis of the motor performance. It was also possible to design a mathematical model that represents the system, using the information obtained and the equations present in the literature. It was possible to conclude that the bench and the methodology used were valid, and that the ESC (electronic speed controller) is a great efficiency limiter of the motors.
Feature Enhancement Network for Object Detection in Optical Remote Sensing Images
Authors: Cheng Gong , Lang Chunbo , Wu Maoxiong , Xie Xingxing , Yao Xiwen , Han Junwei
Published: July 2021

Automatic and robust object detection in remote sensing images is of vital significance in real-world applications such as land resource management and disaster rescue. However, poor performance arises when the state-of-the-art natural image detection algorithms are directly applied to remote sensing images, which largely results from the variations in object scale, aspect ratio, indistinguishable object appearances, and complex background scenario. In this paper, we propose a novel Feature Enhancement Network (FENet) for object detection in optical remote sensing images, which consists of a Dual Attention Feature Enhancement (DAFE) module and a Context Feature Enhancement (CFE) module. Specifically, the DAFE module is introduced to highlight the network to focus on the distinctive features of the objects of interest and suppress useless ones by jointly recalibrating the spatial and channel feature responses. The CFE module is designed to capture global context cues and selectively strengthen class-aware features by leveraging image-level contextual information that indicates the presence or absence of the object classes. To this end, we employ a context encoding loss to regularize the model training which promotes the object detector to understand the scene better and narrows the probable object categories in prediction. We achieve our proposed FENet by unifying DAFE and CFE into the framework of Faster R-CNN. In the experiments, we evaluate our proposed method on two large-scale remote sensing image object detection datasets including DIOR and DOTA and demonstrate its effectiveness compared with the baseline methods.
IDENTIFICANDO LOS CONOCIMIENTOS PARA ENSEÑAR MATEMÁTICAS EN EDUCACIÓN INFANTIL: UN PRIMER PASO PARA EL DESARROLLO PROFESIONAL
Authors: Alsina Ángel , Delgado Rosa
Published: July 2021

En este estudio se indaga en las prácticas de enseñanza de las matemáticas del profesorado de Educación Infantil, asumiendo que la identificación de los componentes de dicha práctica es el punto de partida necesario para promover el desarrollo profesional. En este sentido, se han identificado los conocimientos para enseñar matemáticas que pone en juego una maestra durante una sesión de clases, a partir de los dominios y subdominios que componen el modelo de Conocimientos para Enseñar Matemáticas en Educación Infantil (CEM-EI). El análisis ha permitido identificar evidencias de los tres subdominios del Conocimiento Matemático en Educación Infantil (CM-EI): Conocimientos matemáticos Intuitivos e Informales (C-IeI); Conocimiento de los contenidos matemáticos (C-CM) y Conocimiento de los procesos matemáticos (C-PM), y dos de los tres subdominios del Conocimiento Didáctico de las Matemáticas en Educación Infantil (CDM-EI): Conocimiento sobre las formas de aprendizaje de las matemáticas en la infancia (C-FAM) y Conocimiento sobre la planificación y gestión de actividades de enseñanza de las matemáticas (C-PGA). Se concluye que serán necesarios nuevos estudios que permitan afinar y consolidar estos primeros resultados.