bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Visual perspective taking and action understanding
Authors: Brady Nuala
Published: March 2024

Understanding what others are doing is a fundamental aspect of social cognition and a skill that is arguably linked to visuospatial perspective taking (VPT), the ability to apprehend the spatial layout of a scene from another person’s perspective. Yet, with few and notable exceptions, action understanding and VPT are rarely studied together. Participants (43 females, 37 males) made judgements about the spatial layout of objects in a scene from the perspective of an avatar who was positioned at 0, 90, 270 or 180 relative to the participant. In a variant of a traditional VPT task, the avatar either interacted with the objects in the scene, by pointing to or reaching for them, or was present but did not engage with the objects. Although the task was identical across all conditions - to say whether a target object is to the right or left of a control object - we show that the avatar’s actions modulates performance. Specifically, participants were more accurate when the avatar engaged with the target object, and correspondingly, less accurate and slower when the avatar interacted with the control objects. All participants in this study provided a measure of self-reported empathy and within the range of ‘typical’ empathy scores, females were faster than males, with both groups affected by the avatar’s actions. We conclude that action understanding and visual perspective taking are linked, likely via the rapid deployment of two separate cognitive mechanisms. This linkage may enhance our ability to interact and communicate with others
A way to operate a smart home from lucid dreams
Authors: Raduga Michael , Shashkov Andrey
Published: March 2024

Smart home systems facilitate humans’ domestic environments and enhance their quality of life. Voice control of devices is usually available right after one awakens in the morning. In this study, we tested a way to operate smart home technologies even before awakening with the help of electromyographical (EMG) signals from dreams. A software program was tuned to translate and digitally vocalize EMG spikes into commands for the voice control of devices. One advanced lucid dreaming practitioner was trained to use these commands to operate lights, electric kettle, and a radio. The goal was to achieve the same tasks in LD under polysomnographic observation in laboratory conditions. LDs was verified by pre-agreed eye movements in REM sleep. The participant in three confirmed LDs was able to control smart home units despite sleep paralysis. It was possible to control light, the electric kettle, and radio in real-time while still being in REM sleep. The experiment demonstrated a new practical application of LD—specifically, technological everyday life tasks could be performed while asleep. In the future, the same tasks could be performed directly (without voice commands) by transmitting EMG, electroencephalography, and electrooculography patterns from LDs. With development, these technologies may open new perspectives for LD application like online shopping, entertaining, education, and jobs.
Social Identity, Contact Frequency, and Bias Against Asexual and Nonbinary People in the LGBTQ+ Community
Authors: Wilson Rachel A , Nguyen Rose , Robertson Lee , Liu Qimin , Cole David
Published: March 2024

Prior research on the relation between frequency of contact with asexual people and anti-asexual bias yields inconsistent findings, and research on attitudes toward nonbinary people is extremely limited. No studies have assessed the extent to which viewing asexual or nonbinary people as part of the lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ+) community is associated with anti-asexual bias or anti-nonbinary bias, respectively, within the LGBTQ+ community. This two-study manuscript builds on existing research and addresses gaps in the literature. Based on Social Identity Theory and Contact Theory, the aims of the studies were to understand the associations between anti-asexual bias (Study 1) or anti-nonbinary bias (Study 2) within the LGBTQ+ community and (a) the extent to which LGBTQ+ people viewed asexual/nonbinary people as part of the LGBTQ+ community, (b) the strength of LGBTQ+ people’s LGBTQ+ identity, and (c) LGBTQ+ people’s contact with asexual/nonbinary people. 317 LGBTQ+ participants completed an online survey on attitudes toward asexual people, and 306 LGBTQ+ people completed a survey on attitudes toward nonbinary people. Multiple regression revealed that the extent to which LGBTQ+ people viewed asexual/nonbinary people as part of the LGBTQ+ ingroup was significantly negatively associated with anti-asexual/anti-nonbinary bias and moderated the relation between the strength of LGBTQ+ people’s identity and anti-asexual/anti-nonbinary bias. Contact frequency had a small, significantly positive association with anti-asexual bias but was not significantly associated with anti-nonbinary bias. This work concludes with implication for theory.
Associations between interpersonal trauma and intolerance of uncertainty in an international multi-site sample
Authors: Morriss Jayne , Rosenek Norma , Gaudiano Brandon , So Suzanne , Kingston Jess L , Lincoln Tania Marie , Morris Eric M. J. , Ellett Lyn
Published: March 2024

Prior traumatic experiences have been linked to increased risk for mental health conditions. However, there remain questions about the relationship between prior interpersonal trauma, particularly that of neglect and abuse, and transdiagnostic dimensions such as intolerance of uncertainty (IU: the tendency to find uncertainty aversive). To address this gap, we conducted a secondary analysis of survey data from an international multi-site sample (n=2510). Questionnaires included: Interpersonal trauma by type (e.g. emotional neglect, physical abuse, psychological abuse, sexual abuse) and IU. The findings revealed that emotional neglect, compared to other types of abuse, was specifically related to higher IU. Furthermore, experiencing multiple forms of neglect and abuse was associated with higher IU. Importantly, these effects remained when controlling for broader negative beliefs about the self and others, and demographic factors (site, age, sex assigned at birth, and educational attainment). Overall, these findings demonstrate that interpersonal trauma, particularly emotional neglect, is associated with IU. Future longitudinal research is required to examine if, how, and when after adversity, higher IU may emerge.
mExploring Best Practices in Constructing Dog Adoption Advertisements
Authors: Kelling Angela , Wilson Megan L. , Martin Allison L. , Barker Sarah , Mallavarapu Suma
Published: March 2024

A primary goal of animal shelters is to adopt animals into permanent homes. Many potential adopters learn about adoptable animals via online advertisements. It remains unclear how to best format these advertisements to increase the likelihood of a successful adoption. Participants (N = 561) completed a questionnaire after viewing fictional dog adoption advertisements in which certain characteristics were systematically varied. Results indicated that characteristics of the advertisements influenced participant opinions. Participants showed preference for advertisements in paragraphs over those written as bullet points. Participants’ perceptions of the dog and their ability to identify potential behavioral challenges were influenced by the type of language used in the advertisements. Participants expressed interest in having additional information in the advertisements, including information about the dog’s behavior. Our findings can help guide the content and structure of dog adoption advertisements to maximize information transfer, meet reader expectations, and result in more successful adoptions.
Distinct Biases Shape Perceptual Inference Dynamics Along the Autism-Psychosis Spectra
Authors: Eckert Anna-Lena , Blume Joni S. , Knopp Benjamin , Schütz Alexander C. , Endres Dominik
Published: March 2024

Predictive processing suggests that variations in precision-weighted perceptual inference can track individuals across the autism- and psychosis spectra. Psychosis is linked to a relative under-weighting of low-level priors, while autism may arise from a tendency to overestimate environmental volatility. This study empirically test computational accounts of the autism- and psychosis spectra.In an online experiment (N=150), we recorded participants’ orientation judgements of sequential Gabor stimuli alongside their autism- and psychosis-like traits. Perceptual decision-making was modelled as a Bayesian time-series, with trial-wise responses resulting from a mixture of current- and prior information on short- and long timescales. Through a series of mechanistic models, we explored how sub-clinical scores modulated the usage of priors from different timescales. In model comparisons, the winning model suggests a reduced weighting of stable stimulus features with increasing autism-like traits. Furthermore, heightened psychosis proneness was associated with a more variable relationship between stimuli and percepts.Our results align with computational accounts of autism and psychosis as disorders of precision with idiosyncratic tuning tendencies. We advocate for an integrated view on perceptual disturbances in mental disorders, considering the continuous expression of autism and psychosis.
The Innovation of the Production System in the Italian Regions
Authors: Leogrande Angelo
Published: March 2024

In this article I analysed the trend of innovation in the production system in the Italian regions using ISTAT-BES data. After presenting a static analysis and innovation trends of the production system, I present a clustering with a k-Means algorithm optimized with the Silhouette coefficient. Subsequently, an econometric analysis is presented for estimating the determinants of innovation in production systems. Finally, the results are critically discussed with economic policy recommendations.
Mental Health and Well-being of Healthcare Professionals Amid the COVID-19 Pandemic in Canada
Authors: Karki Karun Kishor , Shrestha Anjelica , Jain Rahul , Al-Saadi Riham
Published: March 2024

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic posed unique challenges to healthcare professionals (HCPs) with increased risk of mental health and well-being globally. However, the psychological impact of the pandemic on the mental health and well-being of HCPs in Canada is not fully understood. This paper critically reviews broadly available literature on the mental health and psychosocial status of HCPs amid the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada.
Methods: A comprehensive online search was conducted using the guidelines outlined by the Centre for Reviews and Dissemination for combining the findings of diverse primary studies within a single review. Online search was conducted through databases such as AMED (Allied and Complementary Medicine), Embase, Global Health, Ovid Healthstar, Mental Measurements Yearbook, EBM Reviews - ACP Journal Club, EBM Reviews - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Ovid MEDLINE(R) and Epub Ahead of Print, In-Process, In-Data-Review, and Google Scholar for the period between March 2020 and May 2023. Twenty-two studies met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed systematically using a thematic analysis approach to identify the main themes across studies. 
Results: The analysis uncovers three key themes: 1) HCPs face diverse mental health impacts during the pandemic; 2) HCPs are dissatisfied with organizational approaches to COVID-19; and 3) HCPs express concerns about personal well-being and the safety of others during the pandemic.
Conclusion: These findings emphasize the need for HCPs to cope effectively with stressors for their own, their patients, and their families' well-being. Therefore, future research should prioritize the ways in which HCPs can maintain their emotional, mental, and psychological well-being.
Prevalence of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders among Laundry Workers in North Sulawesi Province, Indonesia
Authors: Suarjana I Wayan Gede , Negara Ni Luh Gede Aris Maytadewi
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) are a serious problem that can affect the health and productivity of laundry workers. Workers who experience such disorders may experience pain, muscle stiffness, joint inflammation, and even serious injury. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders among laundry workers in North Sulawesi.
Methods: This study is a quantitative descriptive cross-sectional survey conducted in March 2023 – April 2023 in Minahasa District North Sulawesi Province, specifically Tondano-Tomohon City. A total sample of 225 laundry workers was taken using the convenient sampling technique. The questionnaire used to assess WMSDs was the Nordic Body Map. The chi-square test was applied to find the association between age and musculoskeletal disorders among laundry workers.
Results: Complaints felt in all parts of the worker's body 5.38% were very painful, 17.81% were painful, 36.39% were rather painful, and 39.67% were not painful. The body part that experienced the most complaints of severe pain was back at 10.2%, feeling pain was the waist at 37.3%, feeling pain was the right arm at 47.1%, and no pain was the left elbow at 71.6%.
Conclusion: The prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders among the study population was significantly associated with age, sex, nutritional status, and work experience with musculoskeletal complaints (p<0.05). While there is no relationship between work duration and education level with musculoskeletal complaints (p>0.05). Therefore, appropriate interventions need to be made to improve working conditions, protect workers' health, and minimize the risk of work-related musculoskeletal disorders in the laundry industry.
नेपालमा प्रजातान्त्रिक आन्दोलन र परिबर्तनहरु
Authors: शर्मा Sharma गुणानिधि Gunanidhi
Published: March 2024

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The Threats of Climate Change in Nepal: Natural Catastrophes and Global Conflict Frontiers
Authors: Karki Balkrishna
Published: March 2024

Nepal, nestled amidst the majestic Himalayas, is uniquely positioned with its delicate geological makeup. This renders it vulnerable to escalating environmental threats, primarily driven by global climate change-induced adversities. These climatic adversities not only disrupt the ecological balance but also create a space for multiple conflict frontiers. The primary objective of this research is to delve into the multifaceted conflicts that include competition for scarce resources, decision-making process, and vested interest of foreign powers that may arise from the climatic challenges especially flash floods, glacier lake outbursts, droughts, landslides, and other catastrophic disasters. The study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of climatic-induced disaster events and their significant role in the origin of conflicts. Employing a qualitative research design using the tool of comparative analysis, the study investigates the conflicts triggered by these disasters of the past two decades. The study will draw insightful parallels between Nepal's unique situation and other global regions. I will spotlight regions like South Sudan, Rwanda, Syria, and, South and Southeast Asia where climate-induced factors, such as acute water and food shortages, have ignited community tensions and other resource-based conflicts in the historical review and analysis. Within Nepal's borders, I will undertake a detailed historical analysis of the specific cases due to climate change. The study aims to bridge the knowledge gap between climate change and conflict dynamics, offering actionable insights for holistic resource management, disaster risk mitigation, and proactive conflict prevention.
Nepal’s Portrayal of Its International Image
Authors: Adhikari Sudip
Published: March 2024

This paper examines the evolution of Nepal's national identity in the modern context, moving beyond its traditional associations with stunning mountains, Buddha's birthplace, and Gurkha bravery. The study argues that Nepal's portrayal on the global stage is a complex interplay of ancient narratives, diplomatic engagements, and evolving national identity, all influencing its global status. The methodology employs historical analysis to explore Nepal's interactions with other nations, emphasizing the role of its Cold War-era strategic neutrality in shaping its diplomatic stance. Additionally, it analyzes documents to track changes in self-presentation, considering cultural aspects, tourism promotion, and humanitarian efforts as tools for crafting a positive global image. It further explores Nepal's involvement in UN peacekeeping, multilateral forums, and regional dynamics to illuminate the connection between self-presentation and diplomatic goals. Ultimately, the research underscores the importance of a comprehensive diplomatic strategy that aligns with Nepal's national interests and cultural heritage, enabling effective navigation of the complex global landscape while safeguarding its sovereignty.
Non-Traditional Security Threats in Shaping Civil-Military Relations in Nepal
Authors: Karki Binod
Published: March 2024

The concept of security has expanded beyond traditional military threats to encompass various non-traditional security challenges. The security, stability, and defense of a nation are significantly influenced by its armed forces. However, the military entities do not operate in isolation; they are an integral part of the larger society they serve. Throughout history, military institutions have not only been responsible for safeguarding a nation’s security but also played a pivotal role in shaping societal values, norms, and cohesion. The practical realm of interactions between civilians and the military encompasses both direct and indirect engagements that ordinary individuals and institutions have with the armed forces which involves discussions within legislative bodies regarding the allocation of funds, regulations, and the utilization of the military, as well as intricate negotiations between civilian and military leaders aimed at shaping and executing national security policies. Drawing on existing literature and contextual analysis with a qualitative approach, this study provides a nuanced understanding of the intricate relationship between non-traditional security dynamics and civil-military interactions in Nepal. Commencing with an exploration of the concept of non-traditional security and its applicability within Nepal, this study identifies a spectrum of non-traditional security challenges confronting the nation. Furthermore, this paper explains the intricate interplay between non-traditional security issues and the evolution of civil-military relations in Nepal.
Analysing Revitalised Security Industry: The Tech-Powered Transformation for Small States
Authors: Pulami Manish Jung
Published: March 2024

This scholarly endeavour delves into the extensive metamorphosis undergone by the security industry, a consequence of profound technological advancements. In particular, the study discerns the strategic utilisation of the tech-powered revitalised security industry by certain small states as a means to transcend the confines of defensive nihilism. An identified gap in current scholarship lies in the limited exploration of the transformative dynamics associated with technological innovation-driven security industries within the context of small states. Consequently, this paper endeavours to furnish a comprehensive analysis of the revitalised security industry and its multifaceted implications on the domains of security, politics, and economics. The research employs a nuanced approach, with a primary emphasis on case studies pertaining to Israel and Singapore, both exemplifying small states that have strategically harnessed high-tech capabilities to defy conventional perceptions of their inherent limitations. The central objective is to scrutinise the methodologies adopted by these small states, offering insights into their concerted efforts to bolster technological prowess. This divergent trajectory challenges prevailing realist assumptions regarding the inherent constraints imposed upon small states. Methodologically, the study employs a diverse array of analytical tools, including case study techniques, policy discourse investigation, and cross-case comparative analysis. This eclectic methodological approach aims to discern and unravel the intricate interplay between technology’s transformative influence on the security industry and its subsequent ramifications for small states.
In Pursuit of Excellence: Analysing the Indispensable Nature of Conduct and Discipline of Nepali Army in UN Peace Support Missions
Authors: Thapa Subash
Published: March 2024

Nepal is currently ranked 2nd among the Troop Contributing Countries (TCCs) in United Nations Peace Support Operations. In this context, this paper examines the contribution of the Nepali Army's military conduct and discipline to the effectiveness of UN Peace Support Missions. The theoretical foundations delve into pertinent theories, particularly emphasizing Kevin S. Donohue's concepts of Discipline A (voluntary, value-based Attitudes) and Discipline B (externally enforced Behavioral responses) within the military framework. Maintaining conduct and discipline in UN peace operations is essential for ensuring the credibility and legitimacy of these missions. Therefore, prior UN reports and the Secretary General's Special Bulletin from 2015 to 2022 are comparatively analyzed to reflect on occurrences of misconduct involving peacekeepers from TCCs. Likewise, a quantitative comparative analysis assesses the status of the Nepali Army in terms of military conduct analyzing the rate of allegations of misconducts against it. The study employs descriptive statistics to analyze the status of misconduct allegations including that of serious misconduct to advocate for a stronger integration of military conduct with UN peacekeeping mandates, aiming to enhance overall effectiveness and elevate ethical standards in international peace operations. The findings underscore Nepal's exemplary practices in fostering both Discipline B and Discipline A within its peacekeeping forces. The paper concludes by demonstrating the substantial positive impact of disciplined behaviour on mission outcomes
विपद्मा नागरिकहरूको साथी नेपाली सेना
Authors: मरासिनी गोविन्द
Published: March 2024

राष्ट्रकै गौरवशाली संगठनमध्ये सबैभन्दा पुरानो संस्था हो, नेपाली सेना । स्थापनाकालदेखि नै नेपाली सेनाले नेपाल र नेपाली जनताको रक्षार्थ अतुलनीय योगदान पुर्‍याउँदै आएको छ । परिवर्तनका विभिन्न समयमा लोकतन्त्रको पक्षमा उभिएको सेना पटक–पटक लोकतन्त्रको रक्षाका लागि लड्यो भने भविष्यमा पनि लडिरहने दृढ संकल्पसाथ अगाडि बढिरहेको छ । देश र जनताका लागि आइपर्ने सुरक्षा–चुनौतीलाई सम्बोधन गर्नका लागि सक्षम र तयारी अवस्थामा सदैव नेपाली सेना रहेको छ । सेनाले राष्ट्र र जनतालाई हुने वाहृय आक्रमणबाट रक्षा मात्र नभई आन्तरिक सुरक्षा, राष्ट्रिय विकास, अन्तराष्ट्रिय स्तरमा शान्तिस्थापनामा र नेपालीहरूका हरेक आपत् विपद्मा समेत मलम लगाउँदैं आएको इतिहास हाम्रा सामु छर्लङ्ग छ । जनताका हरेक सवालमा अग्रस्थानमा देखिएको नेपाली सेनाले विपद् व्यवस्थापनमा समेत उल्लेखनीय योगदान पुर्‍याएको छ । यस लेखमा नेपाली सेनाले आफ्नो स्थापनाकालदेखि विपद् व्यवस्थापनमा के–कस्तो योगदान पुर्‍याएको छ ? भन्ने बिषयहरु उजागर गरिएको छ । संविधानले दिएको अधिकारको भरपुर उपयोग गर्दै रातदिन देश र जनताको सेवामा तल्लीन कर्मठ संगठन नेपाली सेनाले विपद् व्यवस्थापनमा पुर्‍याएको योगदान, भूमिका, विभिन्न ऐन, नियम र कानुनले नेपाली सेनालाई दिएका अधिकारका विषयमा केन्द्रित भई परिमाणात्मक र गुणात्मक (मिश्रित) अनुसन्धान विधि प्रयोग गरी लेख तयार गरिएको छ । साथै विपद् व्यवस्थापनका क्रममा नेपाली सेनाले भोगेका अनुभव, भोगाइ र समस्याहरूलाई समेत चर्चा गर्ने प्रयास गरिएको छ ।
A Case Study of Gorkhali: Private Military and Security Companies in Global Security Assemblages
Authors: Koirala Tek Raj
Published: March 2024

The news about Nepali citizens joining the Russo-Ukraine war has once again sparked attention among stakeholders regarding Gorkhali’s engagement with global private security companies. The engagement of Gorkhali in the Private Military and Security Companies (PMSCs) is not a new phenomenon; it has been seen since the end of the Cold when it came into existence. As the market of PMSCs rises exponentially, security labourers from countries like Nepal are increasingly joining the same. Gorkhali’s long history of mercenaries and constructed narrative of bravery and loyalty has also attracted PMSCs. Existing literature overlooks the emerging consequence and contradiction of PMSCs-led global security governance to Gorkhali and the complex inter-relationship among PMSCs, client state, Gorkhali, and Nepal. This paper uses the ‘Global Assemblages’ approach to capture multiple actors’ fluid relationships, changes, emerging practices, authority, and institutions. The research looks at consequences and contradictions related to Gorkhali after the 2016 Taliban attack on Nepali security guards and the situation of the same after Afghanistan fell to the Taliban in 2021 while serving for PMSCs. It uses the ‘discourse analysis’ to incorporate books, journal articles, and media interviews of security guards and their families on the research topic. Lastly, research argues that the blurred relation between PMSCs and client states in global security assemblages is not only in the security and military realm but is also seen in the case of taking responsibility for any tragic event/accident of Gorkhali in PMSCs-led global security governance. It is also influencing the local institutions and practices of Nepal.
Ekoglottodydaktyka polonistyczna – potrzeba i prawo XXI wieku
Authors: Tambor Agnieszka
Published: March 2024

Tekst porusza problem nieobecności treści proekologicznych w podręcznikach do języka polskiego jako obcego. Autorka wskazuje możliwości, jakie ma nauczyciel/lektor chcący wprowadzić na swoje lekcje zagadnienia z zakresu odnawialnych źródeł energii, surowców energetycznych i mineralnych, ekobójstwa, chorób cywilizacyjnych, zaburzania ekosystemów, zrównoważonych sposobów hodowli zwierząt, ryb i ptaków, segregacji odpadów oraz sytuacji gospodarczej krajów rozwijających się. Wymienione tematy to tylko przykłady zakresów zagadnień, o których powinien umieć rozmawiać uczący się polskiego i których znajomość jest kluczowa w dzisiejszym świecie. W tekście znalazły się propozycje teoretyczne pokazujące wiedzę językową z zakresu szeroko rozumianego kryzysu klimatycznego jako element budowania prestiżu Polski w świecie oraz rozwiązania praktyczne ukazujące, jak można na podstawie dostępnych w internecie materiałów przeprowadzić ciekawą i atrakcyjną pod względem kulturowo-językowym lekcję języka polskiego jako obcego. W całym tekście zwraca się wyraźną uwagę na to, iż wiedza językowa powinna w tym przypadku iść w parze z kształtowaniem pożądanych proekologicznych zachowań u osób uczących się.
We Are All Afghanistan
Authors: Afkhami Mahnaz , Obaid Thoraya , Horowski Allison
Published: March 2024

On October 15, 2021, Women's Learning Partnership (WLP) convened an online, public conversation with former Minister for Women's Affairs in Afghanistan, Sima Samar, and former Governer of Bamyan Province, Habiba Sarabi, moderated by former UNFPA Executive Director Thoraya Obaid and WLP Founder and President Mahnaz Afkhami. Audience members were from around the world, including directors of WLP’s partner organizations in Asia, Central Asia, Latin America, and the Middle East. A question and answer session, moderated by WLP Executive Director, Allison Horowski, followed the conversation.
Saga of Love under the Hail of Fire
Authors: Baha Soraya
Published: March 2024

This short story is excerpted from a memoir entitled Raha Dar Bad (Los Angeles: Ketab Corp., 2012), written by Soraya Baha. Ms. Baha was the sister-in-law of Mohammad Najibullah (1947–1996) who served as president of Afghanistan from 1986–1992. Najibullah became head of the secret police when the Soviet Union occupied Afghanistan in the December 1979. He was infamous for his brutality and ruthlessness. He became president of the country when the Soviet forces withdrew in 1989, and his widely despised government was considered a puppet regime of the Soviets.  Ms. Baha was against the Soviet occupation, as well as the dictatorship of Najibullah. She ran away with her husband and their two children, Khaled, and Roya, and joined the war front in northern Afghanistan (Panjshir), where the famous partisan commander Ahmad-Shah Masoud had stationed his mujahedin forces. Masoud was fighting the Russians and led the largest war front in the mountains and valleys of Panjshir. Soraya Baha stayed there for some time in a small cabin with her two children. She later wrote her memoir and included this experience. The excerpted story below is based on true events that the author personally witnessed while in Panjshir.
Prediction of geomechanical changes in faulted rock mass around underground structures subjected to earthquakes
Authors:   Van Lang University,69/68 Dang Thuy Tram Street, Ward 13, Binh Thanh District, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Nguyen Quang Phich , Nguyen Ngoc Hue ,   Thu Dau Mot University,6 Tran Van On Street, Phu Hoa Ward, Thu Dau Mot City, Binh Duong Province, Vietnam, Nguyen Quang Minh ,   Hanoi University of Mining and Geology,18 Vien Street, Duc Thang Ward, Bac Tu Liem District, Hanoi, Vietnam, Nguyen Van Manh ,   Hanoi University of Mining and Geology,18 Vien Street, Duc Thang Ward, Bac Tu Liem District, Hanoi, Vietnam, Tran Tuan Minh ,   Hanoi University of Mining and Geology,18 Vien Street, Duc Thang Ward, Bac Tu Liem District, Hanoi, Vietnam
Published: March 2024

Faults are a type of geological structure that often leads to geological disasters in underground structures under normal conditions and especially when earthquakes occur, thereby requiring careful study.This article introduces some numerical simulation results on the seismic wave propagation process, on changes in stress and displacement states in the rock mass with a small fault of a dip angle of 45o, around a circular cross-section tunnel, using the discrete element method (Universal distinct element Code - UDEC). Three cases are simulated: a) The tunnel is located in the hanging wall rock, the fault is located 10m from the centre of the tunnel on the vertical axis; b) The fault runs through the centre of the tunnel and c) The tunnel is located in the footing wall rock, the fault is located 10m from the centre of the tunnel on the vertical axis. The results obtained show a very clear influence of the position and location of the fault on the geomechanical changes in the rock mass around the tunnel, contributing to the reasonable design of tunnels subjected to earthquakes.
Morphology, anatomy, and quantitative determination of corosolic acid in Lagerstroemia calyculata Kurz in the Southeast region, Vietnam
Authors:   National Institute of Medicinal Materials, 3B Quang Trung Street, Trang Tien Ward, Hoan Kiem District, Hanoi, Vietnam, To Minh Tu , Do Thi Xuyen ,   University of Science, Vietnam National University - Hanoi, 334 Nguyen Trai Street, Thanh XuanTrung Ward, Thanh Xuan District, Hanoi, Vietnam, Hoang Thi Tuyet ,   National Institute of Medicinal Materials, 3B Quang Trung Street, Trang Tien Ward, Hoan Kiem District, Hanoi, Vietnam, Phan Van Truong ,   National Institute of Medicinal Materials, 3B Quang Trung Street, Trang Tien Ward, Hoan Kiem District, Hanoi, Vietnam, Dang Minh Tu ,   National Institute of Medicinal Materials, 3B Quang Trung Street, Trang Tien Ward, Hoan Kiem District, Hanoi, Vietnam, Pham Thanh Huyen ,   National Institute of Medicinal Materials, 3B Quang Trung Street, Trang Tien Ward, Hoan Kiem District, Hanoi, Vietnam
Published: March 2024

Objectives: To describe the morphological characteristics, anatomy (stem, leaves), and quantify the corosolic acid in the leaves of Lagerstroemia calyculata Kurz collected in the Southeast region, Vietnam. Subjects and methods: Using the comparative morphological method to determine the scientific name of species. Studying the microscopic characteristics of Lagerstroemia calyculataKurz according to the research method of N. Ba (2009) [1] and quantifying the content of corosolic acid in the leaves according to the United States Pharmacopeia 2017 (USP 40), with adjustments to suit the conditions of the laboratory. Results: Lagerstroemia calyculata Kurz is tree, deciduous, height 30-35 m, smooth bark. Leaves lanceolate, lateral veins 9-11 pairs, hairy. Inflorescence paniculate, small white flowers. Capsules ovoid, 6-valved. Seeds are numerous, brown, and smooth. The stem has a bicollateral vascular bundle, conduction tissue arranged continuously, double phloem pillars and leaf veins exposed on both sides. The outer epidermis has multicellular stellate hairs. Scattered in soft tissue there are crystalline particles. Stomata are present only on the underside of leaves. The quantification of corosolic acid in three leaf samples of Lagerstroemia calyculata Kurz was from 0.05 to 0.12%. Conclusions: This study has detailed morphological, anatomical characteristics, and quantitative determination of corosolic acid in three leaf samples of Lagerstroemia calyculata Kurz collected in the Southeast region.
Application of solid-phase extraction materials from ion liquids for the analysis of carbamate pesticide
Authors:   Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, Vietnam National University - Ho Chi Minh City, 227 Nguyen Van Cu Street, Ward 4, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Le Van Duy , Nguyen Thai The ,   Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, Vietnam National University - Ho Chi Minh City, 227 Nguyen Van Cu Street, Ward 4, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Tran Hoang Phuong ,   Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, Vietnam National University - Ho Chi Minh City, 227 Nguyen Van Cu Street, Ward 4, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Nguyen Anh Mai ,   Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, Vietnam National University - Ho Chi Minh City, 227 Nguyen Van Cu Street, Ward 4, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Published: March 2024

In this study, ionic liquid immobilised onto silica gel material SiO2-(CH2)3-N(Oct)3Br was successfully synthesised and characterised by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). This material was applied as the stationary phase of solid-phase extraction for the enrichment of trace amounts of carbamate pesticides in water. The cartridge was eluted with 5 ml of acetonitrile (ACN), blow-dried with nitrogen gas, and re-dissolved in ACN:H2O (40:60, v/v) and analysed by high-performance liquid chromatography - ultraviolet (HPLC-UV) at 210 and 245 nm. Within this process, elution of the cartridge with 5 ml of acetonitrile (ACN) was followed by nitrogen gas blow-drying and subsequent re-dissolution in ACN:H2O (40:60, v/v), culminating in analysis by HPLC-UV at 210 and 245 nm. Optimisation of conditions facilitated the analysis of carbamate pesticides, with the limit of quantitation (LOQ)ranging from 0.36-2.00 μg/l for tap water and 0.4-3.5 μg/l for river water. Furthermore, the method exhibited favourable repeatability, with a relative standard deviation (RSD) of less than 10%, thereby meeting the Association of Official Analytical Collaboration (AOAC) standards.
Study on assessing the impact of evaporation on the natural recharge in the Holocene aquifer of sand dunes in Ben Tre province, Vietnam
Authors:   Hydraulic Construction Institute, 3, Lane 95, Chua Boc Street, Trung Liet Ward, Dong Da District, Hanoi, Vietnam, Nguyen Huy Vuong , Tran Van Quang ,   Institute of Environment Technology anh Climate Changes, 109 Tran Hung Dao Street, Cua Nam Ward, Hoan Kiem District, Hanoi, Vietnam, Nguyen Thi Nho ,   Institute of Environment Technology anh Climate Changes, 109 Tran Hung Dao Street, Cua Nam Ward, Hoan Kiem District, Hanoi, Vietnam,   Thuyloi University, 175 Tay Son Street, Trung Liet Ward, Dong Da District, Hanoi, Vietnam, Pham Tuan ,   Hydraulic Construction Institute, 3, Lane 95, Chua Boc Street, Trung Liet Ward, Dong Da District, Hanoi, Vietnam, Vu Ba Thao ,   Hydraulic Construction Institute, 3, Lane 95, Chua Boc Street, Trung Liet Ward, Dong Da District, Hanoi, Vietnam
Published: March 2024

On the surface of the terrain in Ben Tre province, sand dunes exist in the form of thin strips running parallel and facing the coastline, with a total distributed area of about 12,179 hectares. These sand dunes vary in size, with widths ranging from 100 to 620 meters and lengths from 1,200 to 7,200 m. The predominant geological component in these sand dunes is fine-grained sand with large pore sizes. The vegetation cover on these sand dunes is sparse, with numerous hours of sunlight throughout the year. The air temperature and surface evaporation are high, creating favourable conditions for the evaporation process from the groundwater surface. This study employs the direct evaporation measurement method using Lysimeter (LS) based on the water balance principle. The LS measuring station is located in Tan Thuy commune, Ba Tri district, Ben Tre province, to monitor the groundwater loss through evaporation, simulating real conditions with groundwater levels at depths of 0.5 and 0.9 m. The monitoring and calculations show that the total groundwater evaporation during the period from 1 June 2022 to 31 May 2023 is approximately 142.5 mm, equivalent to 24.9% of the natural recharge of the aquifer.
Sosialisasi Penggunaan Media Sosial yang Aman dari Bahaya Phising di Masjid Al Huda Pandeyan
Authors: Saputro Indrawan Ady , Sugiarto Lilik , Nugraha Febrianta Surya , Nurhidayanto Nurhidayanto
Published: March 2024

Ancaman penyebaran tindak kejahatan phishing melalui platform media sosial semakin menjadi-jadi oleh pihak-pihak yang tidak bertanggung jawab. Dampak dari kejahatan phishing dapat mencakup kerugian baik secara materiil, finansial, maupun psikologis. Oleh karena itu, sangat penting untuk mengambil langkah-langkah pencegahan guna melindungi diri dari potensi serangan phishing yang dapat terjadi. Salah satu metode yang dapat diterapkan adalah melalui kegiatan sosialisasi tentang penggunaan media sosial di Masjid Al Huda Pandeyan, bertujuan untuk memberikan perlindungan kepada jamaah dari risiko phishing. Tujuan utama dari kegiatan ini adalah menciptakan lingkungan di mana para jamaah dapat menggunakan media sosial dengan bijak dan aman, serta terhindar dari potensi bahaya kejahatan siber, termasuk phishing. Jumlah peserta dalam kegiatan sosialisasi sebanyak 25 peserta. Pendekatan yang diadopsi dalam sosialisasi ini melibatkan metode ceramah dan diskusi. Dari hasil kegiatan sosialisasi ini, bahwa sosialisasi yang telah dilakukan pada jamaah Masjid Al Huda Pandeyan mendapatkan respons positif. Dari hasil kuisioner 32% peserta menilai bahwa kegiatan tersebut berjalan dengan "baik" dan 68% menilai kegiatan tersebut "Sangat baik". Mayoritas peserta, yang sebagian besar adalah pengguna media sosial, merespon kegiatan tersebut dengan baik.
 
 
The threat of spreading phishing crimes through social media platforms is increasingly being carried out by irresponsible parties. The impact of phishing crimes can include material, financial, or psychological losses. Therefore, it is very important to take precautionary steps to protect yourself from potential phishing attacks that can occur. One method that can be applied is through socialization activities about the use of social media at Masjid Al Huda Pandeyan, aimed at providing protection to worshippers from the risk of phishing. The main goal of this activity is to create an environment where pilgrims can use social media wisely and safely, and avoid the potential dangers of cybercrime, including phishing. The number of participants in the socialization activity was 25 participants. The approach adopted in this socialization involves the method of lectures and discussions. From the results of this socialization activity, that the socialization that has been carried out at the Al Huda Pandeyan Mosque congregation received a positive response. From the results of the questionnaire, 32% of participants rated the activity "good" and 68% rated it "very good". The majority of participants, most of whom were social media users, responded well to the event.
BUDIDAYA TOGA SEBAGAI UPAYA PENGEMBANGAN DESA DALAM BENTUK TAMAN TEMATIK DI KELURAHAN SEPINGGAN BALIKPAPAN
Authors: Afrizal Fandi , Gesan Prabawa Anwar Putri , Arham Pratikno Faishal , Davito Prabandewa Hertadi Christopher , Ridoh Ahmad , Putri Anggraeni Indah , Novita Kallolangi Mardalina , Nur Indha Suryani Ade
Published: March 2024

The outbreak of several diseases in the community makes it uncomfortable to live. One of them is dengue fever (DHF) which is currently being felt by the people of Sepinggan Village, RT. 33 Balikpapan. The origin of the emergence of mosquitoes is due to people's lifestyles that are not clean, such as puddles/floods, lack of lighting, messy and dirty goods. Based on the SWOT analysis conducted by the team together with the Sepinggan village head, the planting of TOGA creates many future opportunities that can be widely applied, especially in tackling DHF. Thematic parks here are more focused on making TOGA places with attractive and beautiful designs. Besides that, in order to complete the thematic garden, a hydroponic pakcoy planting medium is also made that can be used by the community or commercialized. The purpose of this activity is to make efforts to reduce dengue cases by using TOGA as a mosquito repellent plant. In addition, the benefits of TOGA can also be directly used as a kitchen spice and health. Moreover, when the product is worthy of sale, the product can be sold by the public. In addition, RT 33 of the Sepinggan sub-district can also be better known by the public thanks to mass media articles, seminars and aftermovie videos.
Keywords: TOGA, Thematic Park, Sepingan Village
Family Social Capital’s Impact on the Family Stress Model: A Cross-Sectional Spanish Study During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Cavallotti Rita , Ferrer Laia Pi , Selvam Rejina M.
Published: March 2024

This article has a dual purpose. First, it corroborates the empirical evidence of the Family Stress Model (FSM) to the Spanish population during the COVID-19 pandemic. Second, this article contributes to extending the FSM by investigating the impact of Family Social Capital (FSC) on the well-established FSM. In other words, it assesses if families with high FSC, when affected by economic hardship and distress, avoid the deterioration of their inner relationships. We conducted empirical analyses through data collected from N = 583 (mean age = 49.5 years) from Spanish families with diverse working situations using the Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) technique to test the theorized model. Our results suggest the validity of the FSM in the context of the economic crisis due to COVID-19 in Spain and then, by complementing the FSM with FSC, demonstrate that FSC can be considered as an accommodating protective factor for sustaining couple and children relationship quality for families facing economic difficulties. Also, in this article, the positive effects of FSC are studied within families in an original way, unlike past studies, which mainly used the FSC to relate civic social capital and showed its beneficial effects in extra-familial areas.
EMOTIONAL MANIFESTATION OF EXPRESSED BEHAVIORAL REACTIONS IN STUDENTS UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF STRESS
Authors: Havrylova Nataliia , Mokhunko Oleksandr
Published: March 2024

In this article, we will look at why people react differently to stress. We will analyze the results of a number of empirical studies of individual differences in students' reactions to stress during study and outside study time. We will explore the factors that influence individual differences in the emergence of a stress response. We compare genetic, acquired, and dispositional individual differences and give examples of each of these categories to show how one or another difference affects the occurrence of stress. Traditionally, psychologists have paid much attention to how people cope with stress and how they react to stressors.

Much of this interest is based on the general belief that some people are more prone to stress and more vulnerable than "others".

Therefore, people are distributed within some continuum of stress resistance. It turned out that some people are prone to stress, while others rarely experience stress even under difficult conditions. This idea has attracted the interest of universities because this approach makes it possible to identify stress factors that determine the contingent with a stable psyche. In the field of education, this idea is attractive because it implies the possibility of identifying people who are prone to stress, with the help of which appropriate stress management programs can be developed. The analysis of scientific literature shows that the value of self- assessment of the complex of stress manifestations will be the higher, the worse the subject feels, the less he believes in his strength, abilities, energy, independence, the lower the assessment of his ability to control his own life and be independent [1].
THE GENERAL CULTURAL ASPECT OF PROFESSIONAL TRAINING OF STUDENTS BY MEANS OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION
Authors: Uskova Svitlana
Published: March 2024

The health of young people is a socially significant category of society, the most important condition for the successful implementation of professional knowledge, skill, creative activity, and performance of future specialists. It has long been an axiom: good physical fitness during student years is the key not only to health and successful mastery of educational material, but also, in the future, highly productive mental and physical labor, the birth of healthy children, active longevity and many positive phenomena associated with this.

Therefore, physical culture, presented in higher educational institutions as an academic discipline that promotes the harmonious development of the individual, is an integral part of higher education. The program of the discipline “Physical Education” states that the goal of physical education of NTUU “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute” students is the formation of physical culture of the individual and the ability to purposefully use a variety of means of physical culture, sports, and tourism to preserve and improve health, psychophysical training, and selfpreparation for future professional activities.

The capabilities of physical culture in achieving these goals are determined by the functions it performs biological, informational, aesthetic, communicative, hedonistic, compensatory and several others.

Along with this, in modern society, physical culture has begun to perform the functions of a social institution that helps the future specialist to navigate well in market conditions. For this purpose, means of physical education are used to develop students' managerial readiness, desire for leadership, and success.

As a result of combined educational and physical culture-sports activities, students also develop socially significant qualities: social activity, independence, self-confidence, ambition.

The task of physical education at a university is not only to develop certain physical skills and abilities in students, to increase the level of physical fitness, and to improve physical qualities. During the training process, future specialists must master the system of scientific, practical, and special knowledge necessary to understand the natural and social processes of the functioning of the physical culture of society and the individual.

This article will help students understand the essence, objectives, goals and possibilities of physical culture and sports in a wide range of their manifestations.