bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Land use land cover change in Badung Regency, Bali
Authors: Indrawan I N P , Widiatmaka  , Trisasongko B H
Published: January 2022

Demand for land use can cause an undesirable impact. Bali Island has been exploited as the midpoint of tourism activities and altering land use over the last two decades. Badung regency is the hinterland area of Denpasar City, the capital city of Bali Province. Land conversion in Badung was caused by the construction infrastructures related to tourism development. Conversion occurred from agricultural lands to built-up lands. This research analyzed remote sensing data, taking the advantage of abundant, serial data acquisition. This study used Landsat 7 ETM and Sentinel 2 satellite images obtained from 2010 to 2020. Land cover types were identified by visual interpretation and LULC changes were analyzed by overlaying land use maps. Identified land-use types included eight categories, i.e. paddy fields, forests, mangroves, built-up areas, mixed gardens/plantations, upland fields, shrubs, and water bodies. Land use has changed significantly in the past 10 years especially in built-up areas, upland fields, and paddy fields. The trend showed that built-up areas persistently increased from 2010 to 2020. Paddy fields, shrubs, mixed gardens/plantations, and mangroves fluctuated in terms of the acreage; rose from 2010 to 2015, but were reduced in the rest of the period. Water bodies did not change throughout.
Utilization of Indonesia’s regional ionosphere model to improve the accuracy of GPS measurements to support disaster mitigation studies
Authors: Safi’i A N , Susilo  , Ramdani D , Muslim B
Published: January 2022

Ionospheric can cause severe degradation of GPS (Global Positioning System) functionality and decrease coordinate accuracy. Increasing the precision of GPS station coordinates will improve accuracy in many applications. Many applications can use GPS for deformation studies, such as geodynamic studies, active fault studies, volcanic deformation monitoring, land subsidence studies, and hazard mitigation studies. We can use global ionospheric correction to produce better coordinates by utilizing post-processing GPS data. With the increasing number of GPS stations in Indonesia, it is possible to develop regional ionosphere models. This study computes regional ionospheric models from real-time streaming GPS data and uses them in GPS processing. Regional ionospheric models can increase the accuracy of GPS station coordinates by 5% -10% compared to global ionosphere models (igsg and codg).
Land use and spatial planning in the border area of Bogor Regency and Bogor City, West Java Province, Indonesia
Authors: Mulya S P , Munif M , Pravitasari A E , Rustiadi E , Widiatmaka
Published: January 2022

Spatial Planning (RTRW) is a policy direction and strategy for using regional space used as a reference by the Governments. Inconsistencies often occur between current land use (LU) and spatial planning. The research focus is a similar land use in villages/kelurahan on the border of the two regions. Similar land use is essential to compare inconsistencies in two adjacent districts/cities (e.g., inconsistency occurs in paddy fields in district A, not in district B). The research objectives are 1). Identify LU and its changes in the border area of Bogor Regency and City in 2010-2020, and 2). Analyze similar land use (2020) and alignment with RTRW. The analysis used is the logical matrix tabulation, geographic information system (GIS), and scalogram. The study locations identified 62 villages on the border of Bogor Regency and City. In the border area of Bogor Regency and City, the dominant land use is settlements, and between 2010 to 2020, there is an increase in the area of settlements by 2.196 hectares. This shows that regional development has expanded to the periphery. Furthermore, the alignment of land use with spatial patterns on similar lands in border areas can see the tendency of regional spatial planning policies, whether exploitation or conservation.
Determination of sustainable land resources management key factors in Musi Hydropower Plant Catchment Area of Bengkulu Province
Authors: Sukisno  , Widiatmaka  , Purwanto M Y J , Noorachmat B P , Munibah K
Published: January 2022

The Subwatershed of Musi Hulu plays an important role in Bengkulu Province and the South Sumatra region. In 2006, the establishment of the Musi Hydropower Plant increases the functional load of the area hence, there is a need for sustainable land resources management. Therefore, this study aims to identify the key factors that affect sustainable land resources management in the Musi Hydropower Plant catchment area in Bengkulu Province. This research was conducted in the Musi Hydropower Plant catchment area in Rejang Lebong and Kepahiang Regency, Bengkulu Province, Indonesia. The method used was an Interpretive Structural Modelling (ISM) with four criteria, namely objectives, programs, barriers, and stakeholders of land resources management. The results showed that limited budget and weakness of coordination among stakeholders are the main barriers to sustainable land resources management in the catchment area. Meanwhile, non-governmental organization plays significant roles in supporting land resources management. Therefore, with the limited budget of land resources management, it is recommended to improve the coordination among stakeholders to maintain sustainability in the Musi Hydropower Plant catchment area in Bengkulu Province.
Stress - strain state dams on a loess subsidence base
Authors: Olimpiev D N , Makhmudov A , Mamazhanov M , Shakirov B , Sattiev Y
Published: January 2022

The article presents the calculation of the stress-strain state of an earthen dam on a loess base on a computer. The calculation of the joint operation of the dam with the foundation was carried out using finite difference methods using shifted approximating grids (displacements and velocities are determined at the nodes of one mesh; deformations and stresses at the nodes on the other). The use of the developed algorithm, on the one hand, and the improvement of the mathematical model of the soil, based on experimental studies of samples for expansion, on the other hand, make it possible to assess the formation of trenches by calculation methods. The obtained calculation results are compared with the data of experimental model studies of the stress-strain state of an earthen dam with a subsidence base on a centrifuge. The correctness of the previously stated position was confirmed that for calculations of crack formation, the values of the limiting extensibility of the soil should be taken. It is necessary to determine these values by simulating the complex stress state of soil samples in laboratories. The areas of the dam have been identified as potentially the most in terms of cracking (a ridge zone with low compressive loads, close to uniaxial expansion in terms of operating conditions, and near-edge buried in places of a sharp break in the slope of the banks with significant stresses and destruction of soil material in a complex stress state by tension with sliding).
Modeling the operation of reclamation pumping stations during transition processes
Authors: Ali M S , Beglyarov D S , Nazarkin E E , Korchevskaya Yu V , Trotsenko I A
Published: January 2022

The hydropower and water management complexes include pressure systems with pumping stations that supply the required amounts of water to specified heights. Modern pressure systems are complex and varied. The control elements of these systems, primarily pumping stations, are continually becoming more complex and improved. In this regard, the costs for the construction and operation of pressure systems with pumping stations can be very high, therefore, the issue of choosing the best option when designing these systems becomes especially important. In this case, it is necessary to take into account transient processes, that is, transitions in operational conditions from one stationary mode to another. A significant change in these parameters leads to a violation of the normal operation of pressure systems, premature failure of their individual elements, and sometimes to accidents. Despite the accumulated experience in the construction and operation of pressure water supply systems, there are still no sufficiently general methods for calculating transient processes that ensure an increase in the reliability of structures. The paper presents the mathematical modeling of the calculation of transient processes in pressure water supply systems, the main directions for their further improvement are given.
Grapes recovery from viruses during reproduction by biotechnological method
Authors: Batukaev A A , Palaeva D O , Batukaev M S
Published: January 2022

Grape regenerant plants obtained from apical meristems were assessed for the presence of the viruses using PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The vast majority of the samples studied for the presence of the most common viruses (Grapevine Leafroll-Associated Virus – 1 (GLRaV-1); Grapevine yellow mosaic virus; Grapevine vein banding; virus; Grapevine Leafroll Virus; Grapevine stemm pitting) by ELISA showed negative results. Testing of regenerant plants of the Augustine variety clones showed that only one plant out of 80 plants showed a positive reaction to the presence of this virus. Analysis of 80 plants of the Moldova variety clones revealed a positive reaction to the yellow mosaic virus (Grapevine yellow mosaic virus) in 1 plant as well as in the original donor plant (Moldova variety). The rest of the regenerated plants (79 pcs.) were absolutely healthy. PCR analysis showed that the spectrum of fragments of the original genotypes of Moldova varieties (lanes 1–4) and Augustin (lanes 5–8) contained DNA fragments of 450 bps, corresponding to Candidatus Phytoplasma vitis Flavescence doree. In Bart variety (lanes 9–11), no pathogen was detected. Analysis of the spectrum of fragments of grape regenerant plants obtained from apical meristems (lanes 1–4) and Augustine (lanes 5–8) showed the absence of the pathogen Candidatus Phytoplasma vitis Flavescence doree.
Investigation of the process of structure formation during ultrasonic homogenization of milk
Authors: Bredikhin S A , Andreev V N , Martekha A N , Soldusova E A
Published: January 2022

The article studies the processes of structure formation of milk during homogenization carried out on various equipment. A comparative analysis of the distribution of the sizes of fat globules before and after homogenization is given. The formulation of the probability mathematical model of milk and milk mixture homogenization give the opportunity to identify the real variabilities of the textural composition of milk and milk mixture in optimum performance with the use of statistics facts about dynamics of the fat globules size. The foundation for developing such model was used for experimental results of fat globules within the ultrasound process. The dependences of the density distribution of the sizes of fat globules after ultrasonic treatment are given. Obtained dependences allow conducting statistics analysis of the homogenization of food mass for the evaluation of its total effectiveness and determination of defects.
Experimental determination of field microrelief ridgenessness after secondary tillage with Stepnyak 7.4 cultivator
Authors: Chekusov M S , Kem A A , Schmidt A N , Keruchenko L S
Published: January 2022

Four wheels are installed on the frame in the front part, the rear part of the frame is supported by two rows of rollers to ensure stable operation of the Stepnyak-7.4 cultivator in depth and maintain the required ridgeness of the soil field. The speed of movement of the unit, the depth and the running uniformity of working tools, and the traction resistance of the machine depend on the ridgeness and microrelief of the field. A priori ranking of factors of the cultivator’s operation revealed that the most significant factors in studying the ridgeness of the cultivated soil are the speed of movement of the unit Va, the diameter of the rolling basket drum Drb and the setting angle of the scraper γ. The variation levels of natural factors are established and values of coded values of factors are calculated. An orthogonal central composite design was used to design the experiments. Based on the results of experimental data processing, a mathematical model of field ridgeness variation after processing depending on the varied factors is obtained, and rational ranges of operational parameters are determined. The studies revealed that the minimum ridgeness of the field soil is achieved with a rolling basket diameter of 0.40-0.45 m and an inclination angle of the scraper bend of 75-80 degrees with a unit speed ranging from 2.8 to 3.2 m/s.
Biologically active agents as part of extracts of grape leaves and vine and method of their extraction
Authors: Chernousova I V , Zaitsev G P , Zhilyakova T A , Grishin Yu V
Published: January 2022

The paper experimentally assesses the characteristics of grape raw materials (vines, leaves) in terms of quantitative and qualitative composition of polyphenols - the main functional biologically active ingredients of grape processing products. For obtaining alcoholic extracts, vines and leaves of grape were pre-dispersed and extracted using the ethanol. The extraction was carried out at room temperature for several months until an equilibrium concentration of polyphenols was obtained. The extracts were separated by leaking off on a sieve. The qualitative and quantitative composition of polyphenols in alcohol extracts was determined by the HPLC method. The analysis of the obtained data shows that a broad array of polyphenols appropriate for grape pomace, seeds and stalks (flavones, flavan-3-ols, hydroxy-cinnamic, oxybenzoic acids, stilbenes, oligomeric and polymeric procyanidins) is present in vine and leaves.
Influence of salting on technological properties of lump and chopped chicken meat
Authors: Dmitrienko I S , Makhonina V N , Agafonychev V P
Published: January 2022

Laying hens’ meat is a complete protein product with the mass fraction of protein equal to 18-19%. At the same time, lump and chopped (mechanically deboned) chicken meat has a reduced level of water-binding capacity and an increased content of coarse-fibrous muscle and connective tissues, which causes certain difficulties when using this raw meat in sausage production. To solve this problem, the effect of salting on the technological properties of lump and chopped chicken meat was studied. For control and experimental samples of each type of meat (lump and mechanically deboned), four curing compositions were used, while for lump meat a wet salting was used, for mechanically deboned one – dry salting. The data obtained indicate that the water-binding capacity of the mechanically deboned poultry control samples before salting compared to lump meat was steadily higher by 2.61% when salting for 0.5 days and by 5.13% when salting for 2.5. As well, with an increase in the concentration of salt solutions the averaged water-binding capacity values of lump meat prototypes increased from 98.36% to 106.10%, and mechanically deboned poultry meat – from 100.97% to 105.8%, which indicates the initial stage of the maturation process. It was found that the penetration index of the control sample of lump meat with an increase in the duration of salting from the beginning to 3 days decreased from 100.35% to 75%, and the value of the penetration index of the mechanically deboned poultry meat prototypes during the first days of salting, on the contrary, slightly increased from 100% to 104%. With an increase in the duration of curing and the concentration of curing compositions, the penetration index of the mechanically deboned poultry meat decreased from 100% to 90%, which indicated a decrease in the strength of its coagulation structure.
Content of individual micro- and macroelements in different types of soils of the Central Black Soil region
Authors: Dolgopolova N V , Batrachenko E A , Malysheva E V
Published: January 2022

The purpose of fundamental research in agricultural ecology is to solve complex problem of the establishment of patterns of mass transfer in agricultural systems and regulation of these processes in agricultural soil use. The chemical composition of soil is the result of soil-forming processes. The characteristics of the soil-forming material play decisive role. The investigation of the content of macro- and microelements in soils of different types has been quite relevant in recent decades due to their large physiological role in the life of plants and animals and the active transformation of soils during agricultural use. Fertilization is a process of certain soil cultivation and includes a set of measures aimed at the regulation of macro- and microelements, the lack of which can be determined by zonal conditions of soil formation or soil degradation, as a result of irrational agricultural nature management. The paper presents the results of a study of the content of individual macro- and microelements in some types of soils of the Central Black Soil regions. The studies of the aspects of the impact of fertilization existing in the scientific literature are controversial. The consideration of ecologically and economically justified levels of changes in soil properties during cultivation is necessary to control negative transformations of chemical elements in soil and their accumulation in depositing media. A quantitative assessment of the total content of water-soluble salts, their qualitative composition and dynamics under the influence of agrotechnical factors, the study of their spatial differentiation in soil cover allows optimizing the use of fertilizers and increasing the stability of agropedocenoses.
The role of weather conditions in the formation of yield and quality of winter wheat grain in Central Chernozem Region
Authors: Dudkina T A , Dolgopolova N V
Published: January 2022

The article presents studies on the influence of weather conditions on the yield and quality of winter wheat food grain in Central Chernozem Region of Russia. At the same time, weather risks were identified and analyzed using correlation and regression analyses. To reduce them to a minimum, a set of measures is needed, one of which is the selection of modern varieties that are more adapted to a specific place of growth. The soft wheat variety Synthetic is shown as an example that weather conditions affect not only the yield of winter wheat, but also the quality of the crop grain. The level of yield was more influenced by precipitation than by air temperature. The thousand-kernel weight was closely and positively correlated with the air temperature; a negative correlation was found between the air temperature and the content of raw gluten in the grain.
The utilization of strong alcoholic beverages while processing semi-smoked sausage
Authors: Dolgosheva E V , Romanova T N , Baimishev R Kh , Korosteleva L A
Published: January 2022

The use of strong alcohol in the processing of semi-smoked sausages is proposed in order to impart aroma and taste to ready-made sausages, as well as to expand the assortment list of manufactured products. In the course of the study, 5 variants of semi-smoked sausages were processed under the State Standard 34162-2017 “Processing semi-smoked sausages. General processing terms”. The formulations of the prototypes include balsam, liqueur, cognac and rum in the amount of 4% by bulk of unsalted raw materials. Alcohol has denaturing properties with respect to protein, accompanying meat softening when marinated. It has been found that the addition of strong alcoholic beverages did not have any negative effect on the quality indicators of semi-smoked sausages. By organoleptic and physicochemical indicators all product items cooked corresponded to the state standard. Each sample made had an attractive exterior and were highly appreciated by the tasting committee. The tasting committee awarded the highest points for the exterior, color and taste the semi-smoked sausage cooked with the addition of 4% of rum. The use of rum in the formulation of semi-smoked sausage in the amount of 4% of the bulk of unsalted raw materials led to an increase in the total score for the organoleptic assessment of the product quality from 50.15 to 50.86 points. In the samples of items with the addition of alcohol, an increase in the bulk proportion of protein and bulk proportion of fat has been noted, the energy value of final food stuffs also increased with a decrease in the bulk proportion of moisture in them. Further studies on the processing of a semi-smoked sausage formulation with an optimal rate of introduction of the most successful version of a strong alcoholic product – rum seems to be promising.
Vacuum-evaporative method of juice concentration
Authors: Ermolaev A E , Krysanov K S , Tekiev M V , Silaev V I , Zaseev S G
Published: January 2022

The article provides an overview of methods for concentrating juices and juice-containing liquids and proposes a vacuum method for concentrating juices, based on previous experiments on vacuum cooling of water. Vacuum-evaporative concentration of juices has a number of advantages that can be successfully implemented in production. The developments of water use as a refrigerant, as well as experiments on machines with an open cycle, provide the necessary and sufficient material for development in the field of concentrating juices. The use of low temperatures creates the evacuation effect.
Technological impact on environment in biotechnological system of perennial legumes cultivation
Authors: Shevchenko A P , Evchenko A V , Koval V S , Begunov M A , Chernyakov A V
Published: January 2022

Perennial legumes are key ones in creating a solid forage base. A number of reasons limit the gross collection of forage. Specifically, they are as follows: material and technical resources, a low specific weight of perennial legumes, a sown areas structure, and a cultivation technology. Analysis of various technologies for cultivating perennial legumes for fodder and seeds has showed that one of the main rules for ensuring favorable conditions for the crops cultivation is the use of a targeted effect on the soil cover as well as the even distribution of plants over the feeding area. The research aimed to study the influence of different tillage options and sowing methods on the production process (of seeds) during the cultivation of perennial legumes in Western Siberia. The proposed model of the production process has showed that the energy of plant growth is proportional to the dry mass and resource of the nutrient medium. The energy of growth depends on the respiratory activity of the plant and the rate of trimmed root system regeneration, which can be achieved by the appropriate action of the machines’ operating parts in the process of legumes cultivation. The research found that the rate of the Eastern galega developmental phases varied depending on the type of soil cultivation, processing and seed condition, sowing quality. In addition, the agrophysical conditions of soil cultivation and sowing affect the growth of the stem mass of the Eastern galega.
Aerodynamic study of an ejector in a modernized device for thermal vacuum extrusion of food products
Authors: Frolov D I , Kurochkin A A
Published: January 2022

The present study is aimed at the modernization of a device for processing food wet materials using vacuum extrusion. It is proposed to modernize the device by adding an ejector, a chamber for preliminary and final dehydration. Steam is removed from the final dewatering chamber using a vacuum pump. An ejector installed after the vacuum pump allows steam to be removed from the pre-dehydration chamber. The Solidworks FlowSimulation package was used to build and simulate the ejector. The air flows inside the ejector were investigated to obtain data on the required performance of the vacuum pump and to display the distribution of air flows and pressures. The images of the pressure distribution inside the ejector and the pressure at the inlet to the low-pressure nozzle were obtained. A model of an ejector with an initial volumetric flow rate of 4 m3/h and 8 m3/h for an incoming high-pressure flow is considered. The results show that it is sufficient to use a vacuum pump with a capacity of 4m3/h to remove the generated steam. The modernization of the device increases the energy efficiency of the technology for processing plant raw materials and simplifies technological adjustments.
Indigestible dietary fiber and astringent compounds of persimmon fruits as an indicator of their suitability for puree
Authors: Hafizov Gharib
Published: January 2022

One of the main features of persimmon fruits (Diospyros kaki L.) is too high content of indigestible dietary fiber and astringent compounds, which, in some cases, complicates their processing. When making the puree, coarse fibers are removed at the finisher, but it remains unclear how this affects the quality of the puree output, given there are other features of the persimmon fruit pulp, such as the presence or absence of seeds in it, as well as darkening of color and increasing astringency during heat treatment. Therefore, in this case, an important role can be played by the selection of the best varieties for mashed potatoes and the conditions for its production, which was the purpose of this study. Local persimmon cultivars with varying degrees of pollination - Gosho, Hachiya, Hiakume, were tested. The fruits were first crushed in a grater, then passed through a sieve with a hole diameter of 0.75 mm. It was found that the indicators of suitability for mashed potatoes (the percentage of filamentous fibers, color) deteriorate along with an increase in the number of seeds in the fruit. The puree of fresh fruit and the product of its boiling with the addition of sugar-the candy filling contained more tart leucoanthocyanins and total polyphenols than the puree and candy filling made from frozen (-17° C) persimmons. Thus, the use of unsoiled persimmon fruits can improve the color and increase the yield of puree, and their pre-freezing can reduce its astringency.
Techniques for up-to-date aquaculture compound feed production facilities
Authors: Yu Konovalenko L , Nemenushchaya L A , Shchegolikhina T A
Published: January 2022

The subject of research was the techniques for the feed industry to select the main areas for improving the production of fish feed using promising competitive technologies and equipment. The research was carried out using information and analytical monitoring, as well as analysis and generalization of data obtained from open information sources. In the course of the research, the advantages of extrusion processes for the production of compound feed for aquaculture were identified and substantiated, in particular, such as sterilization; homogenization; stabilization of raw materials; increasing the digestibility of feed; reduced crumbling and less water pollution during feeding. These processes, due to their high efficiency and the possibility of using waste and secondary agricultural raw materials, can be considered as the best available technologies. The paper provides specifications of up-to-date feed extruders from foreign and domestic manufacturers. The advantages of using foreign technologies and equipment in the production of extruded fish feed at large enterprises are shown. It has been proven that mobile feed mills and mini-shops are promising for launching production directly at the farm using the available own raw materials and domestic equipment. The results of the work will contribute to the formation of an open source of information on the scientific and scientific-engineering groundwork in the field of innovative technologies and equipment for the production of feed for aquaculture. This includes providing their implementation at agricultural enterprises and the implementation of the state program of the Russian Federation titled ‘Development of the fishery industry’.
Method for prevention of Campylobacter cross-contamination of poultry carcasses at water cooling
Authors: Kozak S S , Derina D S
Published: January 2022

Campylobacteriosis is one of the main causes of food poisoning with insufficient thermal treatment of poultry meat products. Raw poultry meat may be largely contaminated by campylobacteriae, including pathogenic strains. In this regard, the authors developed the method to prevent cross-contamination of the surface of carcasses at water cooling. The study concerns the antimicrobial properties of a technological processing aid containing: 15±2% peracetic acid, 18±2% hydrogen peroxide (TPA) during 25 minutes of exposure. C. jejuni was used as a test culture. Sampling, microbiological, organoleptic and physicochemical studies were carried out according to standard procedures. It was found that the use of 0.03% TPA solutions for cooling carcasses allows inactivating C. jejuni in a cooling medium and preventing cross-contamination of carcasses. TPA solutions of 0.1% concentration reduce QMA&OAMO, prevent cross-contamination and inactivate C. jejuni on the surface of poultry carcasses. In terms of physicochemical and organoleptic parameters, broiler chicken carcasses cooled in 0.1% TPA solution meet the requirements of GOST 31962-2013. Compared to control samples the treated carcasses are characterized by the change in the color of the carcass surface and internal fat - the color becomes paler.
The influence of the moisture content of the heap at the moment of threshing and the influence of width of the sieve holes on the content of grains with film
Authors: Orobinsky V I , Gulevsky V A , Gievsky A M
Published: January 2022

Our own research and analysis of the literature cited in the work have identified a number of different factors that affect the quality of the harvested grain. The paper provides an assessment of the influence of such indicators as the physical and mechanical properties of the harvested crop, the design features of the threshing-separating devices, the relative humidity of the processed heap, the size of the openings of the screens of the separating device. Studies carried out for machines with various types of threshing and separating devices have shown the advantage of rotary machines. The heap obtained on them with minimal contamination contains 2.2 times less crushed grain and 1.5 times more grain with the film. The sowing qualities of seeds, both germination energy and laboratory germination, are higher than those of seeds obtained from combine harvesters with a classic threshing-separating device. Investigations of the distribution of the components of the grain heap coming from the combine harvesters were carried out at five different moisture levels of grain on sieves with a hole width of 2.0 to 3.2 mm. The experimental results showed that the relative humidity of the grain does not significantly affect the distribution of the grain heap. At the same time, studies have shown that the bulk of the heap entering post-harvest processing in a grain cleaning machine is allocated on sieves with a hole diameter of 2.4–3.0 mm. The largest amount of whole grain is allocated on sieves 2.4–3.0 mm. With an increase in the grain moisture content of the initial heap from 14.1 to 18.9% and the size of the sieve openings from 2.0 to 3.2 mm, an increase in the amount of grain with the film is observed. The results presented can be used in organizing the activities and substantiating the design and technological schemes for post-harvest grain cleaning.
System research on the preparation of sunflower seed cake using multimedia devices
Authors: Priporov I E
Published: January 2022

The purpose of the study is to determine the direction of research of systemic studies in the protein feed preparation using contemporary multimedia devices. The analysis and synthesis of the compound feed production system are based on the principles of block-modular production, which consists in the separation of the basic structural subsystems from the technological system in the form of blocks, forming technological lines (modules) based on the type of processed raw material and (or) the type of its processing. The graph theory together with the system analysis allows describing the process of protein feed preparation from sunflower seeds in the form of cake by using multimedia devices allowing one to control the process of its production, that is, to obtain an accurate technology for protein feed preparation. Mathematical models based on system analysis make it possible to implement systems that consider the properties of technical means, depending on the stage of its preparation and the interrelationship between them.
Vitamin content in meat when growing African catfish with probiotics
Authors: Shadyeva L A , Romanova E M , Romanov V V , Spirina E V
Published: January 2022

The article presents the results of the analysis of the content of vitamins in the meat of the African catfish Clarias gariepinus from the Clariidae family, which are widespread in the world’s industrial aquaculture. Studies have shown that African catfish meat contains water- and fat-soluble vitamins. Fat-soluble vitamins are represented by vitamins A and E. The group of water-soluble vitamins consisted of vitamins PP, C, and B vitamins (B1, B2, B5, and B6). Studies have shown that the meat of the studied fish species has a high biological value. It contains functional food ingredients - vitamins A, PP, B1, B5, B6 in an amount of at least 15% of the daily physiological requirement. According to the results obtained, the content of all water-soluble vitamins in the muscle tissue of males exceeds that of females. During the study, it was revealed that the introduction of the probiotic Sporothermine into the fish diet based on the spore forms of the bacteria Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis causes a significant increase in the content of some vitamins. In particular, the content of vitamins B5, B6, nicotinic, and ascorbic acid increases. Fat-soluble vitamins showed increased content of vitamin E.
Integrated system of criteria for determining operational maintenance of forest and agricultural machinery
Authors: Skobtsov I G , Shilovsky V N , Konanov D G
Published: January 2022

Maintenance of forestry and agricultural machines, in addition to their configurations, is facing many challenges, one of them being extensive fragmentation over territories, which creates conditions for multiple practices to keep equipment operational, starting with field conditions and ending with specialized enterprises. The choice of the most efficient option in terms of location and technology (with due account for varying structural complexity of functional units) in order to ensure the best quality and cost-effectiveness of maintenance and repair is an important task in improving the efficiency of operating conditions, and, therefore, of the entire production that rests on them. The paper discusses a set of interrelated provisions to provide a rationale for factors characterizing the efficiency of practices to keep forestry and agricultural machines in satisfactory operational condition. The paper focuses on a comparative assessment of the ease with which these machines can be maintained and repaired while being in operation, as well as on predictions of maintainability indicators at the design stage to ensure their competitiveness and economic efficiency.
Formation of grain quality of spring soft wheat varieties depending on agrotechnical methods
Authors: Stupin A S , Lukyanova O V , Vinogradov D V
Published: January 2022

The article deals with the issues of improving the grain quality of spring soft wheat using various varieties, fore crops and nitrogen fertilizers. It was found in experiments with spring soft wheat, carried out on gray forest heavy loamy soil, that the quality indicators of grain, dough and bakery assessments were most strongly influenced by varietal characteristics, weather conditions and placement according to optimal fore crops. Voronezhskaya 10 turned out to be a more productive variety, which formed grain that met the requirements of the standard for strong wheat, both in different years and according to different fore crops. The most valuable fore crops for obtaining high quality grain turned out to be complete fallow and clover. The best forecrop for Priokskaya was clover, the worst one was complete fallow. L-503 had low values of flour strength for clover and higher ones for winter crops, especially for the unfertilized variant. The effect of fertilizers on flour strength was mixed. In a case of Voronezhskaya 10, the flour strength decreased for pure fertilized fallow and fertilized winter crops. In a case of Priokskaya, a small positive effect was observed for all fertilized variants. When fertilized, L-503 reduced the flour strength for winter crops and rapeseed. The effect of fertilizers was mixed and small. In a case of Voronezhskaya 10, the overall bakery score from fertilizers decreased when placed on complete fallow, and increased for clover, rapeseed, and especially peas. In a case of Priokskaya, the positive effect of fertilizers was when placed after clover. It was revealed that the introduction of N60 for pre-sowing cultivation did not affect the technological qualities of the grain, because most of the nitrogen was used by plants for the formation of vegetative mass.
Effect of bull-calf management system on meat productivity
Authors: Trukhachev V , Oliinyk S , Kozyr V , Zlydnev N , Zakotin V
Published: January 2022

Traditional technologies for the production of beef in the conditions of industrial production of livestock products in the middle of the 20th century were schematically transferred from dairy cattle breeding and do not take into account the behavioral characteristics of animals. The traditional approach to the cultivation of young animals involves a stall-and-loose keeping system, mechanized distribution of feed and manure cleaning. Under such conditions the labor costs for the production of 1 kg of beef are within 15-30 man-hours, the total specific weight of feed, electricity, fuel and lubricants, depreciation costs of livestock buildings and technological equipment in the cost structure of this product reaches 50-55%. Beef production remains unprofitable regardless of animal breed – the cost of 1 kg of meat is 1.5-2 times higher than the sales price, which hinders further development of the industry. The paper shows the results of the assessment of meat productivity of bulls of various breeds when raised using traditional and low-cost technologies. Research results are relevant for beef production in steppe regions.
Monitoring studies of the content of heterocyclic aromatic amines in second-course meals with chilled side dishes sold in the Russian Federation
Authors: Utyanov D A , Kulikovskii A V , Knyazeva A S , Khvostov D V , Kurzova A A
Published: January 2022

The research carried out allowed establishing that during the industrial preparation of second-course meals with garnish in the meat components, heterocyclic aromatic amines are formed. Heterocyclic aromatic amines were found in all samples tested. However, the lack of information on the preparation technology of the selected samples does not allow a complete analysis of the results obtained. However, it is worth noting that the largest amount of heterocyclic aromatic amines was formed in samples with chicken meat cooked at the highest temperatures relative to other samples, judging by its appearance. The presence of heterocyclic aromatic amines in all studied samples indicates the potential harm of consuming such products for human health.
Methodological approaches to the veterinary and sanitary examination of Acipenseriformes species
Authors: Zabolotnykh M V , Kleimenova S V , Zubareva E A , Ivkova I A
Published: January 2022

The aim of this study was to describe the methodological approaches to the peculiarities of veterinary and sanitary examination of Acipenseriformes species. Many species of this family differ in nutritional and biological value, which affects pricing. In addition, species identification prevents the sale of counterfeit and illegal (poaching) fish products. Currently, there are no available methods for accurately determining the Acipenseriformes species. 15 fishes of the sturgeon family were taken for this study. The comparative description of organoleptic, morphological, anatomical and topographic features for species identification was studied. It is necessary to develop a technique that would be applicable for quick determination of Acipenseriformes species. It is reliable to count the gill stamens, determine the number and structure of the rays of the fins and gill covers, the absence or presence of fringes on the tendrils.
Numerical study of sediment transport in Thu-Bon estuary and coastal areas of Hoi-An City
Authors: Thong Nguyen , Duc Ho Tuan , Hung Phan Quang , Yen Tran Hai
Published: January 2022

The area of Cua-Dai estuary and the coastal areas of Hoi-An City have experienced complicated erosion and sedimentation in recent years. Along the coast of Hoi-An, erosion often occurs, whereas in the area of Cua-Dai River, there is an accretion phenomenon that obstructs the waterway navigation from Cua-Dai to Cu-Lao-Cham. Occurrence of sand dunes in the offshore location of Cua-Dai has been recorded at a number of times in recent years. Studying the process of bed morphological change due to the sediment transport in the Thu-Bon river and the influence of monsoons in the area allows to explain the above phenomenon thus an in-depth study to propose appropriate solutions. This study used the numerical model Telemac which combines the hydro-morphodynamic and wave modules. The simulation results show that the main trend of coastal currents caused by tides and waves tends to go southward, leading to coastal erosion especially in the northeast monsoon season as well as sedimentation in the estuarine area. In addition, the model also shows the crucial role of waves in shoreline erosion, with the degree of erosion in the north coast near Cua-Dai being more severe than the southern coast, through the formation of local eddy flow on the north coast.
Application of GIS on building the spatial database for supporting drainage management in Ninh Kieu District
Authors: Ngan Nguyen Thanh , Anh Tuan Dinh Diep , Trung Nguyen Hieu
Published: January 2022

Ninh Kieu District is located in the center of Can Tho City, established under the Government’s Decree No. 05/2004/ND-CP. This is a modern and rich district, with a history of formation and development associated with the Mekong Delta. According to statistics in 2019, Ninh Kieu District has an average population of 280,792 people, with a population density of 9,605 people/km2 and an area of 29.23 km2. In the current period, the urbanization process in Ninh Kieu District takes place at a fast and strong pace. This has made it impossible for the urban drainage system to keep up with this change, thereby creating great difficulties for the drainage management here. In order to deal with these enormous challenges, the managers in this area need to incorporate new technologies into drainage management. This paper presents the main result of building a spatial database to support drainage management for Ninh Kieu District. This is considered as a fundamental source of data for application of GIS in urban drainage research and management in Ninh Kieu District.
Remote sensing and GIS application in assessing the adaptability of some key crops in Dak Nong province
Authors: Thanh Huong Nguyen Thi , Bao Ho Dinh , Hoai Cao Thi , Hang Phan Thi , Son Ngo The , Thuy Kieu Dang Thi , Ngoc Quyen Nguyen Thi , Dinh Nguyen Duc , Xuan Phan Tran Thi , Anh Pham Tuan , Mai Thy Pham Thi , Hong Diep Nguyen Thi
Published: January 2022

Remote sensing (RS) and Geographic information system (GIS) is widely applied in the world and gradually affirms its role in Vietnam in managing agricultural and forest resources. This application is highly effective, providing information timely for managers to make decisions and build development strategies. In this study, RS and GIS were integrated to assess suitability for key crop species in Dak Nong province including coffee, rubber, cashew, and durian based on their suitability to site conditions such as soil (soil type, soil texture, soil thickness), topography (elevation, slope) and climate (temperature, precipitation). Using the restrictive method and overlapping map layers of natural factors, classified into adaptive levels according to FAO (1976). Results show that most land areas in Dak Nong province have different levels of potential suitability for key crop species ranging from non-adaptive to lesst-adaptive and moderately adaptive. However, most suitable areas for key crops are only at low (accounting for a large proportion) and the average adaptation level. The findings from the study are the scientific information for managers to make decisions regarding the structure of major crops in the province.
Assessment the impacts of climate change on drought in the Ba River basin, Central Vietnam using Landsat remote sensing data
Authors: Tham Han T N , Pham Thy T M , Truong Thi N K , Nguyen Huong T T , Lam Nguyen D , Le Trung V
Published: January 2022

Sustainable management of the river basin is a profound challenge for environmental management in the context of climate change. Drought situations in a basin occur in relation to meteorological, hydrological, agricultural factors and climate change as well. In this study, remote sensing technology was applied to assess the impacts of climate change on drought in the Ba River basin, Central Vietnam. Drought in the basin has been created by land use/land cover changes in recent years, which has resulted in a sharp decrease in forest area in the period 1989 to 2019 (-41.5%) and a significant increase of agricultural land with 38.2%. Following that, the area of drought agriculture rose by 28.8%. The remarkably high drought areas in agricultural land were in El Nino years, 2016 (99.2%) and 2019 (87.3%), which indicated that under climate change impacts, a drought occurred more severely. Moreover, drought also appeared in the forest. The forest area deceased but the drought levels in the forest increased slightly since 2005 and hit a peak drought value in 2016 with 97.0% of forest area. During El Niño years, the precipitation, atmospheric moisture, and water flow in the basin were all lower than in previous years.
Application of multi-temporal Sentinel-1 SAR data for yield estimation of rice crops in An Giang, Vietnam
Authors: Phung Hoang Phi , Nguyen Lam Dao , Anh Vu Nguyen Van , Thanh Nguyen Kim , Trung Le Van
Published: January 2022

Rice is one of the main agricultural crops and plays an important role in food security. Therefore, it is essential to propose a method for monitoring the distribution of rice yield. Radar remote sensing data sources provide a sustainable solution for rice monitoring challenges in the countries located in the tropical monsoon region like Vietnam. The SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar) remote sensing data from the Sentinel-1 satellite provided by the European Space Agency (ESA) is free of charge, has a large coverage and high spatial-temporal resolution. In this paper, rice growing areas in the An Giang province of Vietnam Mekong Delta were analyzed, which demonstrates the potential applications of multi-temporal data and proposes a method to estimate rice yield for agricultural management. The analysis results showed that in 2018 the Winter-Spring rice crop has the highest yield, and the Autumn-Winter crop has the lowest yield. Accurate and timely estimation of rice yield and production can provide important information in terms of spatial distribution and seasonal yield for government and decision-makers in policy making related to import and export.