bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic Role of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Singla Nehal , Mehra Shibani , Garga Umesh C.
Published: May 2021

Aims The purpose of the study was to compare the accuracy of cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) with echocardiography for the evaluation of ventricular dysfunction in patients of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Further, we evaluated the potential of CMR for myocardial tissue characterization.

Design Prospective observational.

Materials and Methods A total of 30 patients with suspected DCM prospectively underwent cardiac magnetic resonance (MR) using a 1.5 Tesla MR scanner, with appropriate phased-array body coils. Dynamic sequences after injection of 0.1 mmol/kg of body weight of gadolinium-based intravenous contrast (Magnevist) were acquired for each patient, after which delayed images were obtained at an interval of 12 to 15 minutes. Myocardial tagging was performed in all patients for assessment of wall motion abnormalities. Each MR examination was interpreted with two radiologists for chamber dimensions and ventricular dysfunction as well as morphologic characteristics with disagreement resolved by consensus. All patients included in the study were taken up for MR evaluation after cardiological evaluation through echocardiography and the results for both the studies were compared. Data were analyzed through standard statistical methods.

Conclusion CMR is a comprehensive diagnostic tool, which can estimate the ventricular function more precisely than echocardiography. CMR reliably differentiates between ischemic and nonischemic etiologies of DCM based on patterns of late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) and based on the presence or absence of LGE, which helps to estimate the degree of myocardial fibrosis. Thereby it can be a useful tool in establishing risk stratification, predicting prognosis, and thus instituting appropriate therapy in DCM patients.
Factors That Impact the Timing and Removal of Gastrostomy Placement/Nissen Fundoplication in Children with Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia
Authors: Ng Kenneth , Lefton-Greif Maureen A. , McGrath-Morrow Sharon A. , Collaco Joseph M.
Published: May 2021

Objective The study aimed to identify factors that impact timing of gastrostomy placement/removal and Nissen fundoplication (NF) in infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD).

Study Design Clinical data were reviewed retrospectively from patients recruited from the Johns Hopkins Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia Clinic (January 1, 2014–December 31, 2018).

Results Patients with gastrostomy tubes (GTs) placed in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) were older at discharge (p < 0.001) and less likely to have abnormal upper gastrointestinal series findings (p = 0.005) than those with GTs placed after NICU discharge. Patients with NF had lower mean gestational ages (p = 0.011), longer NICU stays (p = 0.019), more frequent home ventilation requirements (p = 0.005), and greater likelihood of pulmonary hypertension (p = 0.032) compared with those without. Median age of GT removal was 61.6 months. Patients with GTs were weaned from supplemental oxygen and/or home ventilation before GT removal (p < 0.001).

Conclusion Patients with GT/NF were more medically complex than those with GT alone. Patients were more likely to be weaned from home respiratory support before GT removal.

Key Points
Cost-Effectiveness of Routine Type and Screens in Select Endonasal Skull Base Surgeries
Authors: Spillinger Aviv , Allen Meredith , Karabon Patrick , Hojjat Houmehr , Shenouda Kerolos , Hussein Inaya Hajj , Jacob Jeffrey T. , Svider Peter F. , Folbe Adam J.
Published: May 2021

Objective The study aimed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of obtaining preoperative type and screens (T/S) for common endonasal skull base procedures, and determine patient and hospital factors associated with receiving blood transfusions.

Study Design Retrospective database analysis of the 2006 to 2015 National (nationwide) Inpatient Sample and cost-effectiveness analysis.

Main Outcome Measures Multivariate regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with transfusions. A cost-effectiveness analysis was then performed to determine the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of obtaining preoperative T/S to prevent an emergency-release transfusion (ERT), with a willingness-to-pay threshold of $1,500.

Results A total of 93,105 cases were identified with an overall transfusion rate of 1.89%. On multivariate modeling, statistically significant factors associated with transfusion included nonelective admission (odds ratio [OR]: 2.32; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.78–3.02), anemia (OR: 4.42; 95% CI: 3.35–5.83), coagulopathy (OR: 4.72; 95% CI: 2.94–7.57), diabetes (OR: 1.45; 95% CI: 1.14–1.84), liver disease (OR: 2.37; 95% CI: 1.27–4.43), pulmonary circulation disorders (OR: 3.28; 95% CI: 1.71–6.29), and metastatic cancer (OR: 5.85; 95% CI: 2.63–13.0; p < 0.01 for all). The ICER of preoperative T/S was $3,576 per ERT prevented. One-way sensitivity analysis demonstrated that the risk of transfusion should exceed 4.12% to justify preoperative T/S.

Conclusion Routine preoperative T/S does not represent a cost-effective practice for these surgeries using nationally representative data. A selective T/S policy for high-risk patients may reduce costs.
A balance for fairness: fair distribution utilising physics
Authors: Kim Song-Ju , Takahashi Taiki , Sano Kazuo
Published: May 2021

The problem of ‘uneven distribution of wealth’ accelerated during the COVID-19 pandemic. In the chaotic modern society, there is an increasing demand for the realisation of true ‘fairness’. In this study, we propose a fair distribution method ‘using physics’, which imitates the Greek mythology, Themis, having a ‘balance of judgement’ in her left hand, for the profit in games of characteristic function form. Specifically, we show that the linear programming problem for calculating ‘nucleolus (a solution for the fair distribution)’ can be efficiently solved by considering it as a physical system in which gravity works. In addition to significantly reducing the computational complexity, the proposed scheme provides a new perspective to open up a physics-based policymaker that is adaptable to real-time changes. We will be able to implement it not only in liquid systems but also in many other physical systems, including semiconductor chips. The fair distribution problem can be solved immediately using physical systems, which should reduce disputes and conflicts based on inaccurate information and misunderstandings, eliminating fraud and injustice.
Freud and the algorithm: neuropsychoanalysis as a framework to understand artificial general intelligence
Authors: Possati Luca M.
Published: May 2021

The core hypothesis of this paper is that neuropsychoanalysis provides a new paradigm for artificial general intelligence (AGI). The AGI agenda could be greatly advanced if it were grounded in affective neuroscience and neuropsychoanalysis rather than cognitive science. Research in AGI has so far remained too cortical-centric; that is, it has privileged the activities of the cerebral cortex, the outermost part of our brain, and the main cognitive functions. Neuropsychoanalysis and affective neuroscience, on the other hand, affirm the centrality of emotions and affects—i.e., the subcortical area that represents the deepest and most ancient part of the brain in psychic life. The aim of this paper is to define some general design principles of an AGI system based on the brain/mind relationship model formulated in the works of Mark Solms and Jaak Panksepp. In particular, the paper analyzes Panksepp’s seven effective systems and how they can be embedded into an AGI system through Judea Pearl’s causal analysis. In the conclusions, the author explains why building a sub-cortical AGI is the best way to solve the problem of AI control. This paper is intended to be an original contribution to the discussion on AGI by elaborating positive arguments in favor of it.
Blue, green and in-between: objectives and approaches for evaluating wetland flow regimes based on vegetation outcomes
Authors: Campbell Cherie J. , James Cassandra S. , Morris Kaylene , Nicol Jason M. , Thomas Rachael F. , Nielsen Daryl L. , Gehrig Susan L. , Palmer Gary J. , Wassens Skye , Dyer Fiona , Southwell Mark , Watts Robyn J. , Bond Nick R. , Capon Samantha J.
Published: May 2021

Evaluating wetland vegetation responses to flow regimes is challenging because of the inherently complex, variable and dynamic nature of wetland vegetation in space and time. We propose four principles to guide the development of management objectives and evaluation approaches to support adaptive management of wetland vegetation in flow-managed systems. First, we assert a need for more explicit, direct and defensible alignment of management objectives, targets and indicators to reflect broader ecological, sociocultural and economic values, and the underlying ecosystem functions that support them. Second, we propose a framework for indicator selection across multiple spatiotemporal scales and levels of ecological organisation, from individuals to landscape mosaics (vegscapes). Third, we emphasise the need to evaluate vegetation condition and responses to environmental flows in relation to a more nuanced understanding of temporal flow dynamics. Finally, we discuss the importance of considering the effects of non-flow variables that can modify vegetation responses to environmental flows. We highlight key knowledge needs required to support the implementation of these principles, particularly the urgency of improving our understanding of ecological, sociocultural and economic values of wetland vegetation and the attributes and functions that support these values.
Ibn Al-Haitham International Conference for Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq (IHICPAS)
Authors: Obaid Ahmed J. , Abdullatif Firas Abdulhameed , Tolephih Moneer Hameed , Hasan Hassan Ahmad , Albermany Salah , Ahmed Hiba A.
Published: May 2021

IHICPAS Conference Proceeding volume contain the novel contributions that were reviewed and presented through the Ibn Al-Haitham International Conference for Pure and Applied Sciences (IHICPAS) will be held in College of Education for Pure Science (Ibn al-Haitham), University of Baghdad on 20 and 21 December, 2020., where the conference covers 6 tracks which includes (Trackl Chemistry, Track 2: Mathematics, Track3: Computer Science, Track 4: Biology Sciences, Track 5: Physics, and Track 6: Remote Sensing and GIS). IHICPAS aims to gathering together all the new trends, projects, technologies, and recent research works in many fields in pure and Applied Sciences. The received papers which passed the double-blind reviews which successfully passed the reviewers comments and editorial board decisions comes from various authors around the world, where the authors are either working in academics centers, universities, research institutes, corporations, industries, and other agencies or postgraduate students where the presented works refers to their novelty in their research works.

IHICPAS Conference got very significant interesting from authors that comes from several countries like: UK, India, French, Morocco, Turkey, Nepal, Philippines, Indonesia, Australia, Egypt,

Lebanon, Algeria, Iran, Pakistan, Malaysia, and Many other Countries where the authors are successfully presented their works and attend the sessions who managed by our scientific and organizing committee Members, and answered all the questions and dotes that directed by session chairs and attendances. We successfully held this conference within 2 days (20 and 21 December 2020), where in the first day we successfully listen to the keynote speakers’ presentations then the session started from 10:00 AM based on Iraq Standard Time till 10:00PM. We would like to express our thanks and appreciation to all our session chairs for their hard work and attend our (12) sessions through two days and more than 10 hours per day to deliver the presented works in successful manner.

Venue of the Conference, The Reason(s) why IHICPAS Conference Held virtually:, Technology, Technical Difficulties and Drawbacks of Conference Virtually., The Main Technical Difficulties of Virtual Meetings can be summarizing as follow:, Conference Chairs, Conference Secretariat Chairs, International Program Chairs, Scientific Committee, Organizing Committee, Invited Speakers, Organizing Institutions, Special Thanks to Conference Partners:, Conference Flyers and Posters:, are available in the pdf
Anatomical study of Solanum nigrum L. from Solanaceae family growing in Iraq
Authors: Al-Hadeethi Muazaz Azeez , Al-Taie Ali T , Farman Al-Rawi A.
Published: May 2021

The most important features that we have reached through this study, are shown the cross-section of root were in the secondary growth stage and the epidermis of leaf were studded by stomata complex, the type of it was anomocytic that’s mean no have subsidiary cells around the guard cells, the mesophyll bifacial also the midrib region of leaf like the pear and the vascular bundle located in the center crescent in shape. The cross-sections of petiole ovate shape with two ears in the lateral side and the vascular bundles crescent in shape. The cross-section of fruits circular component of three-layer the outer layer pericarp, mesocarp, and the endocarp, surrounding the ovary or the seeds.
Evaluation of mycotoxins and heavy metals pollution in some types of noodles in local markets
Authors: Mohammed Jameel Mohammed , Ibrahem Abd Marwa , Khishan Saif Ali
Published: May 2021

This study was conducted to estimation mycotoxins and some heavy metals in some types of noodles in Salah Al-din governorate markets. In this study 6 species of Aspergillus were detected which were A. flavus, A. parasiticus, A. fumigatus, A. terreus, A. ochraceus and A. niger and 5 genus of fungi were Fusarium verticillioides, Penicillium, Mucor, Alternaria and Rhizopus isolated on the three types of media used. The results show presence of the three types of mycotoxins in all samples. The concentrations of the aflatoxin B1 ranged between 1.145 - 5.041 ppm. Concentrations of fumonisin between 8.498 - 19.496 ppm. Concentrations of ochratoxin A ranged between 3.960 - 52.543 ppm. The results also show that the concentration of copper and cadmium was at (0.50 - 1.23) (0.05 - 0.31) ppm respectively, while the concentration of lead was less than 0.1 ppm in all samples.
Anatomical histological structure of the cerebellum in the Iraqi frog Rana ridibunda ridibunda
Authors: AL-Bakri Nahla A. , Al-Zuheri Jumana J.
Published: May 2021

The current study was designed to investigate the histological structure of the cerebellum in the Iraqi frog Rana ridibunda ridibunda. The cerebellum was removed surgically from 20 Iraqi frogs, Rana ridibunda ridibunda, and preserved in fixative of 10% formalin solution for a period of 72 hr, then the histological sections were prepared by the method of paraffin. The results of the study showed that the cerebellum of the adult Iraqi frog is one of the rhombencephalon regions, and consists of three layers, molecular layer, purkinje cells layer, and granular layer. The present histological findings suggest that the cerebellum of the Iraqi frog is very similar to that of other vertebrates, Therefore it represents the basic rule in understanding the histological formation of the cerebellum.
Using of RAPD-PCR markers to detect the genetic relationship of number of Bellevalia Lapeyr and Ornithogalum L. species developing in central and northern of Iraq
Authors: Sa’eed Najat Ameen , Ali Al-Assie Akeel Hussein , Al-Abide Naglaa Mustafa
Published: May 2021

This study evaluates eleven wild plant species belong to two genera of Asparagaceae family, naming of Bellevalia lapeyr and Ornithogalum L. and discuss the similarities and differences among all species by using eighteen random primers for the Random amplification polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were used to study the genetic relationship and genetic distance among these species. The study aimed to determination genetic relationships among all the eleven species by using RAPD markers and the method of extraction DNA from plants was CTAB with liquid nitrogen. The result show 16 primers success in giving 293 bands, of which 263 were polymorphic bands, 25 unique bands and 5 were absent. B.chrisii type also succeeded in showing two unique bands at OPG-08 primer without registering any other bands. The lowest genetic distance was 0.306 between B. longipes and B.parva, while the highest genetic distance was 0.943 between B.chrisii and O.pyrenaicum. It is concluded from our study based on the results of the RAPD test that the studied species were divided into two main groups, each group was divided into subgroups, the first group included three groups and the second main group included two main groups. The study found that the O.pyrenaicum type is distinguished by being far from the rest of the species.
The isolation and identification of cadmium-resistant Brevibacillus agri C15
Authors: Jebril Nadia , Boden Rich , Braungardt Charlotte
Published: May 2021

Eight Cd-resistant bacteria were isolated from the soil. Based on the resistance and specific growth rate, one isolate from these was chosen. The 16S rRNA (rrs) gene sequence was used to assert this isolate belongs to the genus of Brevibacillus and closely related to Brevibacillus agri (B.agri) DSM 6348T (AB112716). The isolate was termed B.agri C15. The specific growth yields and the Cd-dependent fall in specific growth yield of B.agri C15 was determined under different concentrations of Cd. The current study provides a basis for isolation Cd resistant bacteria with maximum tolerable concentration (MTC) 15 mM Cd from a contaminated soil 490±50 μmolal Cd that could be suitable for a new Cd-bioremediation process; therefore, further studies are needed to investigate this possibility.
Biological control of Azotobacter chroococcum on Fusarium solani in tomato plant
Authors: Muslim Sraa Nsayef , Redha Aziz Rawa Abdul , Al-Hakeem Asmaa Mansour
Published: May 2021

this experiment aimed to study the effect of Azotobacter chroococcum in reducing infection of the tomato plant by Fusarium solani under the greenhouse condition. The results show that Fusarium solani isolates proved high pathogenicity and chosen isolate (Fs4) for being given a lower percentage of germination of cabbage seeds and the highest disease severity to tomato seedling. Also, the results were indicated that T6 (Biofertilizer at concentrations (25 ml\2Kg soil) with F. solani (F.s4) was the past this treatment reduced significantly the disease severity (73.10%) which also recorded a positive effect on the growth parameter of tomato plant compare to T1 (pathogen only).
The effect of pH, calcium, phosphate and humic acid on cadmium availability and speciation in artificial groundwater
Authors: Jebril Nadia , Boden Rich , Braungardt Charlotte
Published: May 2021

The interface between the ions in groundwater affects the biogeochemical behaviour of metal, and metal bioremediate by bacteria. Therefore, this study was aimed to predict the influence of pH, calcium, phosphate and humic acid on cadmium availability in artificial groundwater (AGW). Speciation and the thermodynamic calculation (MINTEQ program) were used to predict this in AGW theoretically. In results, cadmium availability diminished with an increase in pH, increase of calcium concentration and the addition of phosphate and humic acid of AGW. According to MINTEQ program, cadmium binds to some cations leaving fewer free cadmium ions available in AGW such as CdHCO3
+, Cd(SO4)2
2-, CdCl+, CdHPO4, HA1-Cd, FA1-Cd, FA2-Cd, and HA2-Cd. It is suggested though that pH in AGW is maintained at pH 4.00 for best availability of cadmium and bioremediate by bacteria.
The effect of usage two methods of garlic extraction( foliar and ground application) on the growth of the tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum) plant
Authors: Hasan Ahmad Radhiyah Ali
Published: May 2021

Garlic is rich in nutritional and medicinal value as it has been found that the water extract of garlic plant contains 31% carbohydrates and rich in elements calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, potassium, sodium, iron, zinc, manganese, vitamin C, thiamine, riboflavin, niacin and pyridoxine. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of garlic extract (Allium sativum L.) on tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.) plant. The trend is to use plant extracts in foliar and ground fertilization. Three levels of foliar application (4, 6, 8%), three levels of ground application (10, 20, 40%), one treatment 6% of foliar and 20% ground application together and the treatment of control (0) were used. The results showed that the usage of garlic extract led to a significant increase in the height of the plant 98.00 cm, chlorophyll content 46.33 spadm, increase the Carbohydrates 7.95%, the number of branches, the number of leaves, the foliar area, the dry weight of vegetative group, the number of flowers, the leaves content of nitrogen, protein and carbohydrates, fruit weight, fruit size, measurement T.S.S. and solidity of treated plant compared to control plants.
Antioxidant, cytotoxicity and phytochemical analysis of Larinus maculates F. cocoon aqueous extract against lung cancer
Authors: Al-Shmgani Hanady S. , Alasady Zainab Thamer , Ali Ehab M. , Al-Jassani Mohammad J.
Published: May 2021

Cocoon of larva Larinus maculates F. from Curculionidae family (Echinops species), locally in Iraq known as Tihan, is one of traditional folk medicine used in the treatment of diversity respiratory system and fever. This study was carried out to assess the bioactive component and the antioxidant capability of aqueous beetle cocoon extract (Larinus maculates F.) along with its possible cytotoxic activity against A549 lung cancer cell line. For phytochemical analysis gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used, and to detected free scavenging activity 2, 2-diphenyl-1 picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) was used. To determine the cytotoxicity in the cancer cell line 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-z-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium (MTT) was used; peripheral blood monolayer cells (PBMCs) was used as a normal cell. GC-MS analysis identified the presence of 9 phytochemical components. DPPH results suggested a promising antioxidant activity in a dose-dependent, the best antioxidant potential was at 600 μg.ml−1 concentration. Cytotoxic activity results showed that the increase in extract concentration decreases the cell viability, at 50 μg.ml−1 concentration the percentage of viability was (86.76±0.87) where at 200 μg.ml−1 the cell viability was (56.44±0.91) μg.ml−1 Taken together, the results showed that larva cocoon of Larinus maculates F. extract has an important phyto-molecule with great potent antioxidant and cytotoxicity activity against lung cell line A549..
New record of fresh water ciliates (Protozoa, Ciliophora) from Tigris river in Baghdad city, Iraq
Authors: Kadhim Zahraa Y.
Published: May 2021

Documenting the biodiversity and biogeography of ciliates will help expand the overall knowledge within the field, as well as, shed new light on the dispersal and survival potential for other microorganisms, such as protists. As organisms at the base of food webs, ciliates are an essential part of the microbial loop and the ecosystems that they support. This study deals with ciliates community in freshwater of Tigris river within Baghdad city. Four sites were chosen at Al-Grea`t & Al-Adhamiya area at the riverbank. Total of 44 ciliophora taxa were detected, 22 taxa of which were identified to the species level and 22 taxa to the genus level. Among them, 11 taxa were new recording for Tigris river in Baghdad city:Cyrtolophosissp.,Monochilum frontatum, Orborhabdostyla bromelicola, Ophrydium sessile, Scyphidiasp.,Vortecilla convallaria, Vortecilla octava, Zoothamnium Bory, Tokophrya lemnarum, Urostylasp. andStentor fluiginosus.
Histomorphological study of olfactory organ in rock dove, Columba livia Gmelin, 1789
Authors: Dauod Hussain A. M. , Hussain Ahmad A. , Al-Habib May F.
Published: May 2021

The present study aimed to investigate the morphological description and histological structure of olfactory organ in rock dove (Columbalivia). Results of the present study revealed that the nasal cavity of the species under investigation is anteriorly located, starting with a pair of external nares which located at the dorsal side of the base of upper beak. The external nares lead to two short nasal cavities. Each nasal cavity consist of three conchae or turbinates represented by anterior or vestibular concha, middle or respiratory concha and posterior or olfactory concha. The nasal cavity ended by a pair of internal nares which opened at mouth cavity. Results related with the histological structure of olfactory organ revealed that the vestibular concha lined by stratified squamous epithelium, the respiratory concha lined by ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium, and olfactory concha lined by ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium. The last concha showed three types of differentiated cell represented by basal cells, supporting cells, and receptor cells.
Quality study of the piped water of state company for drugs industry of Samarra and matching with the Iraqi and international drinking specification
Authors: Alsamaraay Rafah Talal Ahmed , Jabbar Riadh Abbas Abdul , Alshawany Tawos Mohammed
Published: May 2021

The research aimed to evaluate piped water that supply the general company for pharmaceutical industry of Samarra and its suitable for drinking through the comparison with Iraqi and international standard for drinking. The study started from May (2015) until January (2016). Moreover, know the physical, chemical and bacterial properties piped water. The results showed that the piped water was matching of the drinking water by WHO and Iraqi standard. Only calcium quantity was higher than determination. The values rate for: Air and water temperature (29.44, 21.33) C° respectively, EC (431.11) μs/cm. TDS (430) mg/L, the pH (7.7). DO (4.75) mg/L, while the BOD5 (1.25) mg/L, while Alkalinity hardness (157.77) mg/L, total hardness (155.55) mg/L, calcium and magnesium hardness (78.66, 72) mg/L Respectively. While chloride (68.22) mg/L, as for the phytonutrient, Nitrate concentration were (1.902) Mg/L, the phosphate concentration values rate (0.050) Mg/L, and silica concentration (1.981) Mg/L. The heavy metals, Cu (0.028) ppm, Iron (0.121) ppm, Zinc (0.203) ppm, Lead (Nil) ppm. And it was free from bacterial growth. Thus, quality of piped water, (completely purity).
Epidemiology of hydatid disease in Najaf province/Iraq
Authors: Mohamed Raja Jawad , Najm Alsaedi Alyaa Neamah , Taher Jasim Hameed
Published: May 2021

It was clinically and surgically proven that sixty-four patients were infected with a hydatid cyst. Follow up was done in Al-Sadder Medical City, Najaf/Iraq during the period between January and December 2018. The incidence of the prevalence of hydatidosis female was higher than that of males. The youngest patients infected was five years, and oldest was over than 70 years old. The age group 21-30 years old had the highest percentage of hydatidosis infections. The rate of infection in females 64 (61%) more than males 25 (39%). Compared to males, there was a substantial rise (P < 0.05) in females. The percentage of liver hydatidosis relative to other organs was higher (67.18%). There were many patients with big cyst size (>5cm) than those with small cyst sizes (<5cm).
Evaluation effect of different concentration of povidone Iodine on skin wound healing in rabbits
Authors: Hameed Falah Mahmood , Mohsen Al-Tomah Hayder Mohammed , AL-Nuaimi Ali J. , Sadeq Ail Wasfi
Published: May 2021

The goal of the current study was to assess the effects of povidone iodine 10% in comparison with 5% of povidone iodine on full-thickness cutaneous wounds healing in rabbits. This was on twenty-four healthy male rabbits, weighing from (1.5–1.8 kg). Under the effect of intramuscular administration of a mixture of xylazine hydrochloride 5mg / kg, ketamine hydrochloride 35mg / kg and diazepam 1 mg / kg. On each animal, in the dorsal back area, one square (2 × 2) cm full-thickness skin wounds were made. The animals were divided into two groups, group (A) as the treatment group was treated with 10% povidone iodine daily for 1 time for day 7 post operation. While, at the same time in group (B), the rabbits were treated with 5% povidone iodine. For clinical evaluation, each group was divided into four subgroups (two wounds/subgroup) on 3rd, 5th, 7th, 9th, 14th and 21th days post-wound induction and treatment. Clinically, the result showed that 10 % of iodine was more effective than 5 % of iodine, and the wound healing rate in group (A) was faster than group (B). This was followed by statistical analysis results showing the wound healing process ((20%, 40%), (70%, 85%) contraction) and ((10%, 20%), (50%, 70%) re-epithelization). Respectively, there were significantly more (P≤0.05) than the iodine 5% during the study period. Conclusion; Povidone-iodine solution 10% is more efficient than iodine 5% so that lead to acceleration and enhancement of full-thickness cutaneous wounds healing.
Design, Synthesis and Biological Screening of New Benzimidazole Derivatives
Authors: Sabur Ali Mohammed , Rdaiaan Muayad Ahmed
Published: May 2021

In this study, we synthesized a series of benzimidazole compounds containing. 1,3,4-thiadiazole ring from many reaction steps. The obtained benzimidazole series were characterized by melting point, Data from FT-IR and 1H-13C-NMR and In vitro screening of antibacterial activity against strains of selected pathogenic Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis) and Gram-negative (Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) bacteria relative to (Amoxicillin) and (Ciprofloxacin) as standard antibacterial agents has shown high pharmacological activity.
Synthesis and DNA binding study of Co (II) and V(IV) complexes with O, N, O tridentate 3-methoxysalicylaldehyde-semicarbazide based ligand
Authors: Dawoud Suher M.
Published: May 2021

Cobalt and vanadium complexes with (E)-2-(2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylidene)hydrazine-1-carboxamide were synthesized. The ligand was structurally characterized by FTIR, 1HNMR and 13CNMR spectroscopy. The interaction activity of ligand and complexes was investigated with DNA by spectroscopical and physical methods. The results showed an intercalative binding between the synthesized compounds and DNA.
Preparation of Mixed ligand Complexes of Heterocyclic Azo Quinoline Ligand and Imidazole Molecule with Some of Divalent Transition Ions and their Biological Activity Against Multi Drug Resistance Pathogenic Bacteria
Authors: Witwit Israa N. , Farhan Hawraa M. , Motaweq Zahraa Y.
Published: May 2021

Heterocyclic azo compound 2-(8-quinolyl azo)-4,6-dimethyl phenol as a primary ligand and imidazole molecule as a secondary ligand in the basic medium were prepared with novel mixed ligand complexes of Hg(II), Mn(II), Ni(II), Co(II) and Cu(II) ions, these compounds were characterized by Mass, 1HNMR, IR, UV-Vis, Magnetic susbtibility and Molar Conductivity, which suggested octahedral conductivity. Free ligands and five mixed ligand complexes of Hg(II), Mn(II), Ni(II), Co(II) and Cu(II) metal ions with a general formula of [M(L1)(L2)2C1] against eight pathogenic multidrug resistance bacteria, six G-ve bacteria (Pr. mirabilis, S. typhi, E. coli, P. aeroginosa, A. baumanii and K. pneumoniae) and two G+ve bacteria (E. faecalis and S. aureus) were capable of antimicrobial efficacy. The findings show that free ligands have had stronger antibacterial activity on S. Bacterial isolation of typhi and P. aeroginosa relative to other isolates. As for the effectiveness of metal complexes, compared to G+ve bacteria, they usually have a large antibacterial effect on G-ve bacteria, whereas the Hg(II) ion complex has a higher antibacterial effect on most bacterial isolates compared to other metal complexes. Compared with other metal complexes, Mn (II) ion complexes demonstrated poorer antibacterial activity..
Regeneration of Used Oils by Red Mud and DESs (Reline)
Authors: Saleh W M , Al-Khayat R Z , Saied S h M , SYassin A M , fadil F
Published: May 2021

To regeneration of oils which are used in cars engines to lubricate its moving parts, and to get rid of highly contaminants which must be separated to reuse the engine oils. In the column chromatography, the waste oil was treaded as mobile phase (eluent) with petroleum ether (40-60°C), while the red mud (alhuor) is a stationary phase for adsorbed the impurities. The effect of the new method using deepeutectic solvent (DESs Reline) as a kind of ionic liquids to help extract impurities by adsorption (choline chloride and urea). Moreover, some thermal and physicochemical properties like density, thermal and electrical conductivity, ash percentages, viscosity, specific gravity and pH values were determined. Values were determ.using TGA for blank oil for comparison and differential scanning calorimetric analyses (DSC).
Levels of Heavy Metal and Trace Element Among Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders
Authors: Auda Furqan Moein , Ali Amar M , Dhyaa Shaymaa
Published: May 2021

The aim of this study was estimation the concentration of heavy and trace element in blood samples for autism spectrum disorder material and method: sixty patients with autism participated in the present study, all of these patients are registered in an autism center in Basrah province( Iraq). At the same time, 30 healthy children contributed in the study as a control group. The heavy levels were estimated and trace elements (chromium, zinc, selenium, copper, lead, mercury and iron) in the patient and control groups by used energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The basic principle should appear in the X-rays emitted by the different energies coming from the sample at the same time as a beam of an electron is moving its factors. Conclusion: The results showed that there was no significant difference between patients and the control group in all trace elements except zinc. On the other hand, the study showed that there was no significant change between male and female in all levels of trace elements except selenium.
Synthesis and Study Antibacterial Activity of Some New Polymers Containing Maleimide Group
Authors: Saeed Ruwaidah S. , Hussein Fatimah Ali , Awad Sana Hitur , Al-rawi Muna S.
Published: May 2021

By condensation of benzaldehyde with thiourea in absolute ethanol in the presence of glacial acetic acid as a catalyst, the Schiff base(1-benzylidenethiourea)[I] was synthesized by synthesis of 4-(3-benzylidenethioureido)-4-thioxobut-2-enoic acid compound[II] by reaction of maleic anhydride with schiff base [I] in DMF. When treating compound [II] with ammonium persulfate (NH4)2S2O8 (APS) as an ethanol initiator to obtain polymer [III], compound [III] reacted to polymer [IV] with SOCl2 in benzene. Sulfamethizole, celecoxib, salbutamol, 4-aminoantipyrine to yield polymers [V-VIII], compound [IV] reaction with different drugs. Spectral evidence established the structure of synthesized compounds: FTIR and 1HNMR, UV-Vis Spectroscopy and Elemental Analysis (C.H.N-S). These synthesized derivatives [V-VIII] were tested for their antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis (G+) and Escherichia coli (G-) by agar well diffusion process, and the results showed that all polymers had a greater diameter of the growth inhibition region. This may be relative to the presence of sulfamethizole medication, maleimide group and Schiff bases, Polymer[V] demonstrated excellent inhibition against Bacillus subtilisa and E.coli.
A Novel Coated Wire Electrode And Coated Graphite Electrode for Potentiometric Determination of Amitriptyline Hydrochloride in its pharmaceutical preparations, urine and blood plasma
Authors: Ali Muthana Saeed , Khaleel Ali Ibraheem
Published: May 2021

This paper uses the potentiometric method to evaluate (amitriptyline hydrochloride, AM) by creating selective electrodes for AM drugs with the active ingredient (Ammonium Reinackate, AR) using a plasticizer (Dibutyl phthalate, DBP). The results showed that for (Coated Wire Electrode (CWE)) and Coated Graphite Electrode (CGE) respectively, the Nernstian slope of the prepared Am-AR-DBP electrodes is (57.293, 58.803 mV / decade). With a pH range of (4-7) and a concentration range of 1 ?? 10 ?? Λ(-6)-1 ?? 10 ?? Λ(-1) M for both electrodes, the upper and lower limit of detection for the Am-AR-DBP CGE is 0.2042M, 4.8 ?? 10 ? Λ(-7) M, and the upper and lower limit of detection for the Am-AR-DBP CWE electrode is 0.2051M, 4.91 ?? 10Λ(-7) M, respectively. The response time ranges from 20-83 sec, 14-76 sec for CWE and CGE electrodes respectively. For the CWE electrode, the age of the electrodes is 26 days, and for the CGE electrode, 42 days. The research included calculating the selectivity with the presence of interferers of these electrodes where the K(i, j)Λpot values for all ions were less than 1. In the estimation of the drug Amitriptyline Hydrochloride in the pharmaceutical preparation (Amitriptyline tablets), the manufactured electrodes were used by following the direct process, the standard method of additions, the possible titration method and the homogeneity of the material sample, as well as the drug was estimated in urine and blood plasma with a recovery of not less than 100.57 for urine and 99.46 f for urine.
Pretreated Fishbone as Low Cost-Adsorbent for Cationic Dye Adsorption from Aqueous Solutions: Equilibrium, Optimization, Kinetic and Thermodynamic Study
Authors: Al-Kazragi Muna Abd Ul Rasool , Al-Heetimi Dhafir T.A.
Published: May 2021

The present study investigated the use of pretreated fish bone (PTFB) as a new surface, natural waste and low-cost adsorbent for the adsorption of Methyl green (MG, as model toxic basic dye) from aqueous solutions. The functional groups and surface morphology of the untreated fish bone (FB) and pretreated fish bone were characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), respectively. The effect of operating parameters including contact time, pH, adsorbent dose, temperature, and inorganic salt was evaluated. Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin adsorption isotherm models were studied and the results showed that the adsorption of basic dye followed Freundlich isotherm. Kinetic modeling of the data at different temperatures confirmed pseudo-second-order(P-2-O) model, along with calculated thermodynamic parameters depicted that the adsorption process is spontaneous and endothermic in nature. Diffusion studies suggested that intra-particle diffusion is not the singular rate-controlling factor. The results indicated that 92% of MG capable of being sequestered under optimum adsorption conditions: pH 10.64, adsorbent dose 0.1 g/L, and 60 min contact time. Finally, the results showed that the pretreated fish bone can be effectively used as a proper adsorbent for the adsorption of cationic dye from aqueous solutions.
Audio source separation using supervised deep neural network
Authors: Issa Riham J. , Al-Irhaym Yusra F.
Published: May 2021

The speech signals inserted in the computer may be mixed as a result of interference with signals from other sources. These signals may be speech signals or noise. One of the most famous examples of this problem when a group of people speaking in the same time is the “Cocktail Party”. This problem produces a mixture of different speech signals, called the mixed signal. To solve this problem, the audio signals that make up the mixed-signal must be restored to their sources. This task is called separating audio sources. In this paper, supervised Deep Recurrent Neural Networks with Bi-directional Long Short Term Memory (Supervised DRNN-BLSTM) were used. To achieve a monaural source separation, we build a model to separate audio signals from a monaural mixed signal. This mixed signal consists of two different audio signals (male-female). We predict two types of time-frequency masks (Ideal Ratio Mask (IRM), and Optimal Ratio Mask (ORM). They are used to achieve the separation of the target audio sources from the mixed signal. We test the model on a dataset with (500) mixed signals. Each mixed signal three seconds in length and consists of two speaker signals (Female-Male). They are recorded in a stereo format at 8192kHz, our approach achieves Signal-to-Distortion ratio (SDR) (0.183.db), Source-to-interference Ratio (SIR) (0.198.db), and Source-to-Artifacts Ratio (SAR) (0.13.db) gain using (ORM) mask compared to the existing model using (IRM) mask.
Brain Computer Interface using EEG Based Sequential Minimal Optimization algorithms
Authors: Alhade Batool Abd , Ahmed Israa Safaa , Kamil Baidaa Zahid
Published: May 2021

The concept of interfacing brains with robots/machines has been capturing human interests for a long time. The technology of the Brain-computer interface (BCI) has been aimed at building an interface between the brain and any electronic/electrical device (such as, smart home appliance, a wheelchair, and robotics devices) with the use of the electroencephalogram (EEG) that can be defined as a non-invasive approach for the measurement of the electrical potentials from the electrodes that have been placed on the scalp, produced by the activity of the brain. Over the past years, pattern classification was a highly challenging research field. Presently, the tasks of the pattern classification. In this paper, we chose motor imagery with the use of the single trial EEG signal, the SOM has been utilized to classify the signal processing algorithm ( FICA). In comparison to other algorithms of the EEG signal analyses. It has achieved a classification accuracy of up to 88.% in comparison with the other method where the reported accuracy has been 65%. The SOM classification algorithm has been fast, simple, efficient, and easy to use. It achieved satisfactory results at the BCI.
TSCO: Trust-based secure and cooperative opportunistic resource utilization networks
Authors: Al-Hasnawi Abduljaleel
Published: May 2021

An opportunistic resource utilization network (denoted as Oppnet) is a type of network that enables its node to cooperate in an opportunistic and ad hoc manner. Cooperation in oppnet includes sharing node computational resources, rather than only opportunistic communication in the traditional opportunistic networks. The key idea of oppnet is its ability to grow from seed node (initiator) to expanded oppnet via joining more nodes until getting the desired resources in a timely manner. This expansion raises the security risk of joining malicious nodes and threatens the oppnet including nodes and data. Besides, uncontrolled oppnet expansion might allow joining nodes with low computational capabilities or limited resources that have delayed responses, and hence affect the performance of oppnet. This study aims to mitigate these two problems by proposing a new oppnet paradigm (an enhanced version of original oppnet) called Trust-based Secure Cooperative Oppnet (TSCO) that utilizing a trust as a foundation for security and cooperation. Trust foundation is the major aspect of TSCO, which relies mainly on establishing trust value for each oppnet node and updating these values based on cooperation experience with those nodes. In TSCO, oppnet nodes have classified based on their trust values in which the highest trust value has the priority to join oppnet, if it exists within the specific range. Otherwise, the second-highest trust value takes priority, and so on. To test the feasibility of TSCO in realistic systems, a framework of using TSCO as an oppnet expansion control regarding security and cooperation is simulated. The experimental results show that TSCO has a better performance in terms of secure, success expansion, and cooperation. The success rate of TSCO is higher than the success rate of the original oppnet (our experimental baseline). In addition, regarding the time of satisfying oppnet tasks, TSCO shows less average latency than the baseline.
The Syriac Letters and e-Abacus Diagram II
Authors: Ali Shukriyah S , Ahmed Mohammed K , Sami Hadil H , Mahmood Ammar S
Published: May 2021

The Syriac language is one of the oldest languages in the world. So far, some people speak it, for example in Iraq, Syria, southeastern Turkey and other countries. In this work, the Syriac letters were coded according to what was adopted by Sami and Mahmood in 2017 using the e-abacus diagram. More than one method is used to encode the English letters or diagrams that follow the concepts of partition theory. Each of them was taking its own path and the vision was to start with what Mohommed et al looked like in 2015 through the orbit concept. Then make the comparisons to observe the most efficient, fastest and most accurate method that could be followed.
Paths and Cycles in Alpha Topological Spaces
Authors: Mahmoud Balqees K , Yousif Yousif Y
Published: May 2021

This paper presents the concepts of prepaths, paths, and cycles in α-topological spaces and studies them in orderable spaces. Also, many relationships are proved with their equivalences using some properties in topological spaces like compactness and locally connectedness.
The Transmuted Topp Leone Flexible Weibull (TTLFW) distribution with applications to reliability and lifetime data
Authors: Alobaidi Mizal H , Oguntunde Pelumi E , Khaleel Mundher A
Published: May 2021

The Transmuted Topp Leone Flexible Weibull distribution was developed in this paper using the Transmuted Topp Leone family of distributions and its basic statistical properties were established. Estimation of model parameters was considered using the maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) method and three real life applications were provided. The TTLFW distribution is a promising model as its performance relative to other compounds probability models like the Exponentiated Flexible Weibull, Weibull Flexible Weibull, Kumaraswamy Flexible Weibull, Beta Flexible Weibull, Gamma Flexible Weibull, and Exponentiated Generalized Flexible Weibull distributions is quite credible.
Estimate the Parallel System Reliability in Stress-Strength Model Based on Exponentiated Inverted Weibull Distribution
Authors: Abdulateef Eman A , Salman Abbas N , Hussein Adil Abdulkadhim
Published: May 2021

In this paper, we employ the maximum likelihood estimator in addition to the shrinkage estimation procedure to estimate the system reliability (Rk) containKthparallel components in the stress-strength model, when the stress and strength are independent and non-identically random variables and they follow two parameters Exponentiated Inverted Weibull Distribution (EIWD). Comparisons among the proposed estimators were presented depend on simulation established on mean squared error (MSE) criteria.
Generalizations of Fuzzy k-ideals in a KU-algebra with Semigroup
Authors: Kareem Fatema F. , Abed Majid Mohammed
Published: May 2021

We present the notion of bipolar fuzzy k-ideals with thresholds (θ, λ) of a KU-algebra with semigroup and give some basic properties of this ideal. Also, we study some relations about a bipolar fuzzy k-ideal with thresholds (θ, λ) and a k-ideal of a KU-semigroup.
Solution BBM-Burger Equation via Quartic Trigonometric B-spline Approach
Authors: Salih Hamad
Published: May 2021

In the present work, the new quartic trigonometric B-spline approach based on finite difference scheme is described to solve the one dimensional non-linear equation of (Benjamin – Bona-Mahony-Burger). Dirichlet boundary with the help of applying the von-Neumann stability analysis is also used in this description. While the time derivative part is discretized by using the finite difference scheme. In the space dimension, the quartic trigonometric B-spline is also used as an interpolation function. The execution of this method which is used in the present work showed that the quartic trigonometric B-spline method is a more efficient and effective tool and gives better results according to the comparisons that are made with the precise solution for a different time and some other published numerical methods.