bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improved Low Crosstalk, High Transmission and Quality Factor Eight Channel Demultiplexer Based on Photonic Crystal
Authors: Azadi Mohammad , Mohammadi Masoud , Olyaee Saeed , Seifouri Mahmood
Published: January 2022

Due to the importance of all-optical demultiplexers (DEMUXs) in optical communication networks, this study aims to design and simulate a novel type of DEMUX using 2D photonic crystals (2D-PhCs). The proposed structure consists of one input waveguide and eight output channels considering linear and point defects. To design this DEMUX, silicon dielectric rods with the refractive index of 3.45 are employed in the air background, the radius of which is equal to R=0.21Ʌ (Ʌ = 0.522µm) where Ʌ is the lattice constant. The photonic band gap (PBG) and output spectrum of the structure are analyzed by the plane wave expansion (PWE) and finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) methods, respectively. The simulation results indicate the average quality factor and transmission efficiency are 3,602 and 98%, respectively, and inter-channel crosstalk ranges from -60.5 to -25.5 dB.
What Shapes The Gut Microbiome of Lizards From Different Habitats?
Authors: Vasconcelos Diana S. , Harris D. James , Damas-Moreira Isabel , Pereira Ana , Xavier Raquel
Published: January 2022

Host-gut microbiota interactions are complex and can have a profound impact on the ecology and evolution of both counterparts. Several host traits such as taxonomy, diet and social behavior, and external factors such as prey availability and local environment are known to influence the composition and diversity of the gut microbiota. In this study, we investigated the influence of taxonomy, sex, host size, locality/habitat on gut microbiota diversity in five lizard species from two different sites in Portugal. We also analyzed the potential levels of microbial transmission between species that live in sympatry and syntopy. We studied Podarcis bocagei and Podarcis lusitanicus from northern Portugal (Moledo); and two invasive species, Podarcis siculus and Teira dugesii, and the native Podarcis virescens from Lisbon. We used a metabarcoding approach to characterize the bacterial communities from the cloaca of lizards, sequencing the V4 region of the 16S rRNA. Habitat/locality was found to be the main driver of the differences in composition and structure of gut bacterial communities of the studied lizards, with host effects more evident at finer taxonomic scales. Additionally, lizards from urbanized environments had higher microbiome diversity than lizards from rural areas. We detected a significant positive correlation between size and gut bacterial alpha-diversity in the invasive species P. siculus, which could be due to higher exploratory behaviours. Moreover, estimates of bacterial transmission indicate that P. siculus may have acquired a high proportion of local microbiota. These findings indicate that a diverse array of host and environmental factors can influence lizards gut microbiota.
Accuracy of SCORTEN in predicting mortality
Authors: Strużyna Jerzy , Surowiecka Agnieszka , Korzeniowski Tomasz , Korulczyk Patrycja , Drozd Lukasz , Stachura Aldona , Torres Kamil , Krajewski Andrzej
Published: January 2022

BackgroundTEN patients require multi-directional and multi-disciplinary treatment. In most cases, they are hospitalised at intensive care units and require multi-directional, burn-complication preventive care. Choosing the most appropriate treatment option might be troublesome even when predicting scores are used. SCORTEN is the most renowned prognostic score for TEN patients, however, there are some data indicating that the accuracy of this test may be limited. The credibility of not just the predicted mortality risk, but also componential laboratory results and clinical features subject to debate. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and credibility of SCORTEN in clinical practice, on proprietary material. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 35 patients with diagnosed in histopathology TEN was performed. The inclusion criteria were as follows: day of submission before 5th day from the onset of the symptoms, full protocol of plasmaphereses and IVIGs according to our scheme.Results:The sensitivity of SCORTEN for the analysed cohort was 100%, with a specificity of 24%. The estimated death was 41,9%, while the actual death rates were 12,5%. Our protocol improved the survival, OR=26,57, RR=6,34, p=0,022. Decrease in mortality was caused by a combined treatment protocol we use- plasmaphereses with IVIGs. No independent risk factor was significant in death evaluation. Conclusions:Our data suggest that the scoring system for predicting death among TEN patients are reliable when they are high. New prognostic factors should be found to improve the evaluation of patients with low SCORTEN.
Fisheries Restrictions and Their Cascading Effects on Herbivore Abundance and Macroalgae Removal at Kenyan Coral Reefs
Authors: Knoester Ewout Geerten , Plug Veerle Eline , Murk AJ , Sande Susan Okoth , Osinga Ronald
Published: January 2022

The increase of macroalgae at degraded reefs impedes ecosystem services and calls for effective methods to facilitate a return to coral dominance. Removal of macroalgae (i.e. browsing) is typically realized by fish, but the role and identity of browsers at the heavily-fished East African Coast is still largely unknown. This study investigated how browsing pressure at Kenyan reefs (-4.700, 39.396) related to fisheries management and herbivore abundance. From October 2018 to January 2019, consumption during 24-h buffet assays using the brown macroalgae Sargassum and Padina was determined and video recorded at six sites: two in fished zones, two in marine reserves (traditional fishing allowed) and two in no-take zones. Herbivorous fish composition and biomass and urchin abundance were also determined. Consumption of both Sargassum and Padina was significantly lower in the fished zones (25% and 27% of macroalgal biomass consumed, respectively) compared to the no-take zones (66% and 81%), with intermediate consumption in the marine reserves (49% and 73%). Biomasses of herbivorous fish (browsers, grazers and scrapers) were between 3 to 30 times higher in the protected zones, whereas sea urchins and territorial damselfish were more abundant in fished zones. Macroalgae consumption correlated positively with the biomass of browsing and grazing fish and negatively with sea urchin abundance. Fish from various functional groups were identified as dominant browsers and these differed strongly across sites. These results indicate that fishing restrictions are likely to support reef resilience by increasing herbivorous fish biomass of key species and thereby promote macroalgae removal.
Clinical, pathological and molecular predictors of Fulvestrant long-term benefit in Hormone Receptor-positive / HER2 negative advanced breast cancer
Authors: Torrisi Rosalba , Vaira Valentina , Giordano Laura , Destro Annarita , Basilico Vera , Mazzara Saveria , Salvini Piermario , Gaudioso Gabriella , Fernandes Bethania , Rudini Noemi , Masci Giovanna , Santoro Armando
Published: January 2022

Purpose: The identification of factors predicting the benefit of treatments is a major goal for medical oncologists. Methods We retrospectively investigated in metastatic tumor tissues of women treated with fulvestrant for HR+/HER2 negative advanced breast cancer clinical, pathological and molecular features associated with long-term benefit from treatment defined as being progression-free at 18 months. Specifically, we analyzed ESR1 and PI3KCA mutations and miRNA profiles.Results: Fifty-nine patients were evaluable (median age 67 yrs, range 32-92). Overall mPFS was 10.7 months (range 2.2-14) while 18-month PFS rate was 27%; only the lack of visceral metastases significantly predicted the likelihood of being progression-free at 18 months (OR=0.25 95%CI 0.07-0.9 p=.035). PI3KCA mutations were found in 36% of patients and were associated with a numerically shorter mPFS but not with a lower likelihood of being progression-free at 18 months. As of miRNAs, miR-549a, miR-644a, miR-16-5p were negatively associated with 18-month PFS while let-7c-5p was positively associated with outcome. In addition, miR-520d-3p and miR-548g-3p values were significantly lower while miR-603, miR-181a and miR-199a-miR-199b-3p values were significantly higher in patients achieving 18-month PFS. In silico analysis of predicted targets suggested that miR-520d-3p and miR-548g-3p decrease might induce Hippo and Wnt signaling, while high levels of miR-603, mir-181a-5p,miR-199a-miR-199b-3p might repress endocrine resistance thus potentially promoting the response to treatment. Conclusions: Our clinical findings are consistent with literature data, while the mutation and miRNA results provide some clues on the molecular mechanisms involved in fulvestrant activity and resistance to be confirmed in larger cohorts of breast cancer patients.
Developing Entrustable Professional Activities for Doctoral Graduates in Health Professions Education: Obtaining a National Consensus in Iran
Authors: Zaeri Reza , Gandomkar Roghayeh
Published: January 2022

Background

The number of doctoral programs in health professions education (HPE) is expanding. Entrustable professional activities (EPAs) can be a mechanism to define the expected activities of the HPE doctorate to inform training and assessment processes. The purpose of this study was to develop and reach a consensus on EPAs for HPE doctoral graduates.
Methods

We used a modified Nominal Group Technique (NGT) to elicit EPA titles followed by two rounds of a modified Delphi survey to seeking consensus on the EPAs among groups of experts (HPE doctoral graduates and Board of Health Professions Education Examiners members) at the national level in Iran between July 2019 and July 2020.
Results

A total number of 92 initial EPA titles, which emerged from brainstorming in the NGT meeting, was reduced to 27 titles during the abstraction process. The final EPA framework consisted of 24 EPA titles with descriptions, arranged in three categories: Research and scholarship (6 EPAs); Educational development (11 EPAs); and Educational management (7 EPAs). All final EPAs scored ≥ 80% agreement at the national level.
Conclusions

The proposed EPAs framework can be used to improve the HPE doctorate training and to inform employment decisions. A future international consensus procedure could use these EPA outcomes as a starting point.
Primary Ventricular Fibrillation as The First Presentation of Aortic Dissection: A Case Report
Authors: Gheshlaghi Mehran , Mohammadi Elahe , Masroor Mojgan Javedani , Sheibani Hossein
Published: January 2022

This study is about an infrequent first presentation of Aortic Dissection (AD), and it is primary Ventricular Fibrillation (VF). We present a 64-year-old woman with a history of hypertension who came with sudden retrosternal chest pain, dizziness, nausea, and vomiting. The patient suffered a cardiac arrest a few seconds after admission. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) was done for her. An electrocardiogram (ECG) showed ST elevation that demonstrated acute anterior MI (Myocardial Infarction). Trans-thoracic echocardiography (echo) CT angiography demonstrated decreased left ventricular ejection fraction with normal LV size (LVEF=25%) and type A Stanford and type I DeBakey aortic dissection flap from root up to distal of abdominal Aorta. This is while the patient's first presentation was VF, and she had anterior MI, which is unusual for aortic dissection. Therefore, we must consider AD in patients with VF. We have to consider AD in anterior MI patients because of the contraindication of medication.
Elaboration of quality perception instrument of remote teaching amidst COVID-19 pandemics in a University of Northern Brazil.
Authors: Fernandes Rafael da Silva , Luz Rosana Maria do Nascimento , Reis Daniela Castro dos , Luz Marcos Augusto Lima da , Guimarães Gabriella Vitorino
Published: January 2022

COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemics changed social dynamics in several aspects, the introduction of containment measures to ensure social distancing was one of these changes, it made education institutions adopt the remote learning system. In order to understand the impact on the leaning process, this paper aims at devising and developing a measurement instrument to quantify students’ perception regarding the adaptation to the remote education provided by the Federal University of Amazonas – UFRA, over classroom-based learning, which was adopted previously to the COVID-19 context, that being the latent trait to be measured. For this purpose, theoretical procedures from the Construction Model for Psychological Tests and Measures and the psychological evaluation incorporated multiple perspectives. To validate the content, the study set three phases: 1) initial construction of the measurement instrument and literature review; 2) establishment of student focus groups; 3) judge’s analyses to outline factors and potential items. Finally, the instrument presented to the content validity index an average acceptance of 94.16% per item, and acceptance values of over 93.43% to factors and domains.
Identification of potent novel biomarkers related to Osteoporosis through bioinformatics approach
Authors: Khusboo  , Bhushan Ravi , Kusum Kusum , Dubey Pawan K. , More Raghunath S
Published: January 2022

Objective

Calcium is fundamental component of bone tissue. It is present in extracellular fluid in ionized form, some are bounded with albumin while a few are of the complex anionic form. Calcium regulates many biochemical processes. Loss of calcium causes hypocalcemia further lead to osteopenia and osteoporosis. Proton pump inhibitor causes mal-absorption of calcium that leads to poor bone metabolism might causes hip fracture. Some studies via microRNA gene regulatory networks have been analyzed in the present study.
Methods

Microarray gene expression dataset has been retrieved by using NCBI gene expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Benjomini and Hochberg algorithm was used for identifying DEG’s and pre-processing of datasets. Heatmap plot and principal component analysis plot were generated by using online tool ClustVis for DEG’s. PPI network and sub network were analyzed by finding functional interactions among protein via online tool STRING v 10.5. DEG’s functional pathways analysis has been done by using DAVID (Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integration Discovery) software.
Results

A number of 3390 differentially expressed genes (DEG’s) were identified. …..were up-regulated and were down-regulated genes. DEGs related to Hypocalcemia and Bone signaling were 53, osteogenesis and bone signaling both were 86, whereas, 8 DEG’s related to hypocalcemia, Osteogenesis, and Bone signaling. The network of protein-protein interaction and sub network was having ITCH, CKAP4(Up) and FBXW11, RAB37(down) DEGs were concerned in hypocalcemia and were forming hub nodes while CHML, ATP11A, TMEM30A (Up) and YWHAE, AP1M1, FYN(down) DEG’s forming were all related to bone signaling. Functional enrichment analysis was performed notably enriched major molecular functions, biological processes and cellular components of novel DEG’s (FDR<0.05) related to hypocalcemia and osteoporosis were found.
Conclusion

Thus by concluding the genes ie; ITCH, CKAP4, FBXW11, RAB37, CHML, ATP11A, TMEM30A, YWHAE, AP1M1, FYN, CTNNB1, UBE2D1, RAP1A, EGFR, MAPK1 and AKT1, whether are unregulated or downregulatd in the diseased tissue samples, and plays a essential role in disease progression. These hub genes are occupied in different biological, molecular and cellular functions which might be related to bone signaling or osteoporosis. For the further cross validation wet lab experiments are required to validate gene roles.
Validation of the usefulness of a corrective underwear step system
Authors: Kamiura Shoji , Yoshida Yasuhiko , Kuratomo Kiri
Published: January 2022

The main changes in women's body shape due to aging include the descent of the breasts, tension in the abdomen, descent of the hips, increase in fat from the waist to the pelvis, and loss of waist definition. We adopted a system in which skilled body fitters correctly fitted subjects with underwear of different functions made based on the corrective underwear step system. This study was designed to use a three-dimensional (3D) body scanner to examine (1) the effects of aging and other factors on body shape changes, and (2) the status of the effect of moving and fixing fat flowing to the axillae and back to improve body shape. The results of the 8-month study have suggested that the system affected changes in the body shape, especially in the breasts. By using this method, not only the body line can be expected to improve.
The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Authors: Zhou Zhengqing , Li Dian-Jie , Zhao Ziheng , Shi Shuyu , Wu Jianghua , Li Jianwei , Zhang Jingpeng , Gui Ke , Zhang Yu , Ouyang Qi , Mei Heng , Hu Yu , Li Fangting
Published: January 2022

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Superluminal Communication with Polarized Entangled Photons
Authors: Ritzmann Vinicius
Published: January 2022

In this work, we show that Quantum Mechanics predicts that two people who share entangled polarized pairs of photons can communicate faster than light. We show this communication only occurs in one direction, from person B to A. Person B can send information to A by measuring the polarization of his photons in different directions. Person A can find out in which direction B has measured his photons by measuring how much light passes through an optical circuit. We show this communication is instantaneous because it is based on the collapse of the wave function of the entangled pair, which collapse is instantaneous. We conclude that regardless of whether this method of communication works or not in practice, we have something new because if it works, it would be a contradiction to the theories of Relativity, and if it does not work, Quantum Mechanics would be predicting something that does not happen in real life.
A Novel 10-genes Ferroptosis-Related Prognostic Signature in Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Zhu Kai , Lang Zhichao , Zhan Yating , Tao Qiqi , Yu Zhijie , Jin Yan , Zhu Bihan , Gao Yuxiang , Wang Chengchi , Yu Kang , Shi Yifen , Jiang Songfu
Published: January 2022

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is one of the most common hematopoietic malignancies and exhibits a high rate of relapse and unfavorable outcomes. Ferroptosis, a relatively recently described type of cell death, has been reported to be involved in cancer development. However, the prognostic value of ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs) in AML remains unclear. In this study, we found 54 differentially expressed ferroptosis-related genes (DEFRGs) between AML and normal marrow tissues. Eighteen of these 54 DEFRGs were correlated with overall survival (OS) (P <0.05). Using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression analysis, we selected 10 DEFRGs that were associated with OS to build a prognostic signature. Data from AML patients from the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) cohort were used for validation. Notably, the prognostic survival analyses of this signature passed with a significant margin, and the risk score was identified as an independent prognostic marker using Cox regression analyses. Further studies showed that AML was significantly associated with immune cell infiltration. In addition, drug-sensitive analysis showed that 8 drugs may be beneficial for treatment of AML and we used our own data (FAHWMU cohort) as a clinical validation. In conclusion, our study establishes a novel 10-gene prognostic risk signature based on ferroptosis related genes for AML patients and additionally we provide evidence that FRGs may be novel therapeutic targets for AML.
Geography of pharmaceutical gardens and courtyards in Moscow at the end of the 16th – first half of the 18th century: Problems of localization and functioning
Authors: Худин К.С. , Шахова А.Д.
Published: January 2022

Статья посвящена географии аптекарских садов (огородов) и дворов Москвы в конце XVI – первой половине XVIII века. Рассматриваются семь садов с дворами, существовавшие в распоряжении аптечного ведомства (Аптекарского приказа и Медицинской канцелярии). Определены границы участков и проведена их привязка к современным городским территориям, установлены хронологические рамки для каждого из садов, а также ассортимент растений, которые там культивировались. В статье использован большой комплекс картографических материалов и письменных архивных источников, часть которых впервые вводится в научный оборот.

The article is devoted to the geography of pharmaceutical gardens (vegetable gardens) and courtyards in Moscow at the end of the 16th – first half of the 18th century. It examines seven gardens with courtyards that existed at the disposal of the pharmaceutical agency (the Apothecary Prikaz and the Medical Chancellery). The article defines the boundaries of the plots, links them to modern urban areas, establishes the chronological framework for each of the gardens, and determines the assortment of plants that were cultivated there. The research is based on a large number of cartographic materials and written archival sources, some of which have been never before discussed in scholarly literature.
Geographical research and geopolitical collisions associated with the international project of connecting Chukotka with Alaska by a telegraph cable
Authors: Постников А.В. , Константинов М.В.
Published: January 2022

Статья посвящена истории создания трансконтинентальной телеграфной линии, которая должна была соединить российские владения в Северной Америке с метрополией и обеспечить надежную связь между Евразией и Америкой. История возникновения и реализации этого проекта поставлена в контекст международных отношений в северной части Тихого океана во второй половине XIX в., ключевыми сторонами которых были Россия, стремившаяся укрепить свои позиции на Дальнем Востоке, и США, намеревавшиеся поставить под свой контроль всю Северную Америку и распространить коммерческие интересы США на российский Дальний Восток. Детально рассматриваются различные российские и иностранные проекты прокладки телеграфной линии, а также ход телеграфной экспедиции и географические исследования, проведенные в ее рамках.

The article is devoted to the history of the creation of a transcontinental telegraph line, which was supposed to connect the Russian possessions in North America with the metropolis and provide a reliable link between Eurasia and America. This project is set in the context of international relations in the North Pacific during the second half of the 19th century. The key parties were Russia, seeking to strengthen its positions in the Far East, and the United States, intending to bring the whole of North America under its control and to expand US commercial interests in the Russian Far East. Various Russian and foreign projects to lay a telegraph line are examined in detail, as well as the course of the telegraph expedition and the geographical research conducted as part of it.
Ser verde ou ser sustentável? Uma revisão bibliométrica sobre cadeias de suprimentos verdes e sustentáveis
Authors: Silva Karina Fernanda da , Martins Ricardo Silveira
Published: January 2022

Este estudo teve como objetivos analisar o estado da arte de cadeias de suprimentos verdes e sustentáveis no período de 1982 a 2019, identificando as principais publicações e identificando as diferenças entre elas e as lacunas. A análise de dados dos 244 artigos foi realizada usando os indicadores da análise bibliométrica. Os resultados demonstraram que houve evolução no número de publicações referentes aos temas mostrando que se tratam de temas atuais e relevantes. Nesse período, o país que mais publicou foi a Índia e as principais fontes de publicações foram o Journal of Cleaner Production e Journal of Production Economics. Os resultados também constataram que não basta ter uma cadeia de suprimentos verde para se atingir a sustentabilidade. É preciso ter cadeias de suprimentos sustentáveis e, embora os resultados demonstrem grandes esforços dedicados nesta busca, diversas lacunas e oportunidades ainda existem.
PERAN PENGETAHUAN ETIKA PADA PERILAKU MANAJEMEN LABA: PERSEPSI AKADEMISI DAN PRAKTISI
Authors: Utami Tri
Published: January 2022

ABSTRAK Ada banyak cara yang dapat dilakukan oleh manajer dan akuntan untuk mempengaruhi pelaporan keuangan dalam suatu unit organisasi, salah satu cara yang dapat dilakukan adalah dengan melakukan manajemen laba, namun Tindakan manajemen laba bisa dikaitkan dengan perilaku etika seseorang. Tujuan pertama dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji apakah ada perbedaan keberterimaan etika antara akademisi dan praktisi. Tujuan kedua adalah untuk mengelompokkan beberapa kejadian ekonomi ke dalam faktor manajemen laba. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah Praktisi dan Akademisi di bidang akuntansi. Sampel dipilih dengan teknik purposive sampling. Hasil analisis menggunakan Anova membuktikan bahwa terdapat perbedaan keberterimaan etika yang signifikan diantara tiga kelompok responden (akademisi S1, akademisi S2, dan Praktisi). Praktisi menganggap bahwa tindakan manajemen laba sebagai suatu tindakan yang cukup etis, sedangkan akademisi menganggap bahwa perilaku manajemen laba sebagai suatu tindakan yang kurang etis. Hasil analisis menggunakan Principal Component Analysis mengelompokkan beberapa kejadian ekonomi yang sering dilakukan dalam manajemen laba, yaitu melalui penundaan biaya, persediaan, aset tetap dan kebijakan penjualan. Keywords:  pengetahuan etika, manajemen laba, sikap ABSTRACT There are several ways to influence financial reporting, one of them is earnings management practice. The first purpose of this study is to test ethical acceptability differences between academics and practitioners. The second purpose of this study is to determine events and transactions into earnings management factor. Population from this study is academics and practitioner in accounting. The sample is chosen using purposive sampling. Statistical test is used in this study is Anova and Principal Component Analysis. This study show that there are significant differences about ethical acceptability between academics and practitioner. Academics assume earnings management as less ethical, while practitioners assume more ethical. Some of event and transaction which used in earnings management are deferred charges, inventory manipulation, property plant and equipment, and sales discretion.Keywords: ethical knowledge, earnings management, attitude
Linear relationships between grain yield and tassel traits in maize
Authors: Silveira Daniela Lixinski , Filho Alberto Cargnelutti , Wartha Cleiton Antônio , Carini Fernanda , Bandeira Cirineu Tolfo , Pezzini Rafael Vieira , Somavilla Felipe Manfio
Published: January 2022

This study aimed to verify the linear relationships between maize grain yield and tassel traits, identify traits for selection through direct and indirect effects over three crop years. Three experiments were performed with 20 maize genotypes in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. Individual variance analysis showed significant genotype effects for all traits in the three crop years. However, a joint analysis demonstrated a significant genotype effect at 5% error probability for all traits, but branching space length. Furthermore, only the number of secondary branches and tassel branch number did not show significant genotype × crop year interaction. These results revealed a genotype differentiated behavior over the evaluated years, emphasizing the need to evaluate genotypes in more than one crop year. Based on phenotypic and genotypic correlation matrices and path analyses, the number of secondary tassel branches showed a positive linear relationship with grain yield; therefore, it can be used for the indirect selection of maize plants in breeding programs
Propagation and control of Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Stennis (madeira vine)
Authors: Gregorio João Paulo R. San , Pioto Nicolas Moreira , Forti Victor Augusto , Rodrigues Josiane , Silva Paulo Vinicius da , Monquero Patricia Andrea
Published: January 2022

Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Stennis, commonly known as the madeira vine, is a succulent vine that produces vegetative structures on stems and invades agricultural areas in Brazil. This plant has become a possible invader in Brazilian agriculture with records of losses in coffee crops. The objective of this study was to study the influence of dimensional variation and different depths of planting aerial bulbils on the growth and development of A. cordifolia plants, as well as to study the influence of the effect of herbicides on postemergence control. All experiments were carried out in a greenhouse. In the propagation experiment, a completely randomized design with six replications was used. Aerial tubers of four weight categories (C) (C1, 0–0.59 g; C2, 0.60–1.49 g; C3, 1.50–2.99 g; C4, 3.0–12.0 g) were evaluated regarding the percentage of viable tubers, number of stems per tuber (ST), average stem length, shoot dry matter, and emergence speed index (ESI). ST and ESI were evaluated at seven soil depths (0, 3, 6, 10, 15, 20, and 30 cm). For experiments with herbicides, a completely randomized design with four replications was used. Six herbicides (chlorimuron-ethyl, flumioxazin, glyphosate, metsulfuron-methyl, saflufenacil, and glyphosate + saflufenacil) at the recommended doses and a control (without herbicide) were used to evaluate the postemergence control. Plants from larger tubers had a higher sprouting rate and faster growth and establishment, and tubers grown on the soil surface produced plants with faster development. Glyphosate + saflufenacil was more effective in controlling this plant species, with 79.50% control. All other herbicide treatments caused only chlorosis and poor control.
Tales of Early Childhood Education Teachers in Government Schools in Chipata, Zambia
Authors: Mpolomoka Daniel L.
Published: January 2022

This article houses findings of a study that uncovered the provision of early childhood education (ECE) in government schools with a bias towards learners with special education needs. It focused on challenges faced by teachers in providing educational services to children with special education needs at the early childhood education level in the targeted government schools. The rationale of the study was to solicit trends-in-practice among ECE teachers through their stories, thus partly help other teachers who shall read findings of this study tap into their engagements with ECE learners; and partly nurture children’s development in a right way in early years. Qualitative methodology was used because it allowed for in-depth realities faced in 5 schools in Chipata. The study employed a descriptive research method for two years from 2016 to 2017, comprising five primary schools in Chipata District, Zambia, were conveniently sampled for the study. Interviews, focus group discussions, and questionnaires were used to collect data, which was analysed qualitatively. The study revealed challenges that are quite universal for teaching early childhood education learners. Teachers in this study expressed the need for reduced class sizes, adequate learning and teaching materials, teacher extrinsic motivation, additional support services from the government, and an accommodative curriculum. The study further revealed that early childhood education centres in government schools in Zambia at large have poor learning environments specially to support the learners with special education needs. The study showed that collaboration between early childhood education teachers and parents is necessary for the wellbeing of their children. The study recommends that the government should invest in infrastructure development for ECE centres; and that schools should purchase appropriate learning and teaching materials and stock ECE centres.
Numerical modeling of the stress-strain state of the ice beam by specified constitutive model
Authors: Xie Qi
Published: January 2022

Ice cantilever beam is a generic construction component in cold region, referring recent decade research, many reports demonstrated ice mechanic characteristics separately, however, in most previous numerical simulations of ice material are based on the ‘Coulomb-Mohr’ constitutive models. In this article, author also used another ‘user defined constitutive model’ (‘Exponent’ temporary name), which is governed by “nonlinear isotropic harden power law” to simulate the ice cantilever beam mechanic behaviors. As per these numerical results, author made a few comparisons between ‘Coulomb-Mohr’ and ‘user defined’ model, all these compared results contain stress, strain, deformation items in elastic and plastic states respectively, in the meantime, author established series charts, such as ‘stress distributions on failure surface’, ‘dependance of loads with deformations’, ‘dependency of loads and flexural stress with equivalent and plastic strain’, etc., to prove the availability of ‘user defined’ constitutive model. Besides, author proposed some parameter assumptions for further research.
Properties of serum albumin in electrolyzed water
Authors: Pogorelov Alexander , Ipatova Larisa , Pogorelova Maria , Kuznetsov Alexander , Suvorov Oleg
Published: January 2022

Introduction. Electrochemical activation of water controls the physicochemical parameters of aquatic food environment without any reagents. Electrolyzed water affects the properties of macronutrient solutions. The present research studied the effect of anodic and cathodic fractions of electrochemically activated water on protein molecules and their interaction patterns.

Study objects and methods. The study featured bovine serum albumin and its properties in electrochemically activated water with nonstandard redox and acidity values. The aqueous solution of bovine serum albumin was studied by viscometry, UV spectrometry, time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry, and electrophoresis.

Results and discussion. By knowing the interaction patterns of electrochemically activated water and protein molecules, food producers can control the properties of biological raw materials. Bovine serum albumin was studied in metastable fractions of electrochemically activated water obtained in the anode or cathode chamber of an electrochemical reactor. Both fractions of electrochemically activated water appeared to modify the properties of bovine serum albumin. The oxidized fraction of electrochemically activated water (anolyte) converted the protein solution into a more homogeneous molecular composition. The solution of bovine serum albumin in the reduced fraction of electrochemically activated water (catholyte) had an abnormally negative redox potential (–800 mV). The aqueous solution of bovine serum albumin in catholyte retained its initial viscosity for a long time, and its level was lower than in the control sample. This effect was consistent with other physicochemical characteristics of the solution.

Conclusion. The research revealed some patterns that make it possible to apply reagent-free viscosity regulation to protein media in the food industry.
Black mahlab (Monechma ciliatum L.) seeds: processing effects on chemical composition and nutritional value
Authors: Mariod Abdalbasit Adam , Abdalrahman Eshraga Mustafa , Shakak Mahdi Abbas
Published: January 2022

Introduction. Monechma ciliatum L. seeds are rich in proteins, carbohydrates, oils and mineral contents. Researchers have focused on new production development but there is no available data on the impact of processing techniques on the quality of the seeds. Our study aimed to investigate the impact of boiling, roasting, and germination on the composition and nutritional value of Monechma ciliatum (black mahlab) seeds.

Study objects and methods. We analyzed 7 kg of black mahlab seeds purchased from the local market. We applied standard methods used in boiling, roasting, and germination techniques. Proximate analyses were performed using the methods of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Minerals were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), and fatty acids were determined by gas chromatography. Tocopherols and amino acids in processed seeds were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography.

Results and discussion. The results showed that the proximate compositions of untreated, boiled, roasted, and germinated mahlab seeds were affected by boiling, roasting, and germination techniques. Most of the nutritional values were enhanced by all the treatments. In particular, all the processing techniques increased the protein content. Boiling and roasting increased the fat content, while boiling and germination increased the fiber content. Tocopherols were higher only in the germinated samples. Amino acids were increased by all the techniques. Minerals were affected by all the techniques, except for Na, which was higher in the germinated sample.

Conclusion. Boiling, roasting, and germination enhanced significantly the chemical composition of Monechma ciliatum seeds, which make them a value ingredient to develop new food products.
Comparison of hydrogeochemical characteristics of thermokarst lake water in the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau under active layer freeze–thaw conditions
Authors: Fang Yahong , Liu Zejun , Lyu Qiaofen , Hu Haiyang , Wang Wei
Published: January 2022

With the gradual increase of global temperature, thermokarst lakes are widely developed and become major environmental disasters in the Tundra Plateau which have impacted the stability of the project such as the Qinghai–Tibetan highway. In this study, some typical thermokarst lakes in the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau (QTP) were selected as the research object. And four samples were taken from different freezing–thawing processes of the lakes in 2019 to analyze the hydrogeochemical process of the thermokarst lake in the context of climate change. Results show that the main hydrogeochemical types of the lake water in the northern part of the study area were HCO3·Cl − Na·Ca·Mg or Cl·HCO3 − Na·Mg, whereas in the central and southern parts were mainly Cl − Na·Mg. The variations of hydrogeochemical concentration in thermokarst lake water are mainly affected by evaporation concentration, rock differentiation, freezing desalination in the active layer, and plant photosynthesis, which are mainly due to temperature changes. Furthermore, the results of the saturation index (SI) show that dolomite and calcite leaching control the hydrogeochemical composition in thermokarst lakes. In addition, the evaporation-to-inflow (E/I) ratios of the lake reach the maximum in the middle and later periods of the active layer thawing. On the contrary, the E/I values of the lakes decrease during the initial thawing or freezing periods of the active layer.
Ozone water production using a SPE electrolyzer equipped with boron doped diamond electrodes
Authors: Li H. Y. , Deng C. , Zhao L. , Gong C. H. , Zhu M. F. , Chen J. W.
Published: January 2022

Electrochemical ozone production (EOP) is an attractive technology for disinfection and sterilization purposes. This work reports a study on the EOP performance of the solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) electrolyzer, including the optimization of electrode configuration and operation conditions. It is proven that the EOP performance is highly affected by electrode configuration. Tests using BDDs with different B/C ratios demonstrate that BDD-4.9 provides more reaction sites and faster electron transfer rate, exhibiting a high electrocatalytic activity for EOP. Regarding electrode thickness, 0.54 mm in thickness is the most suitable for the EOP from the perspective of less power consumption. Moreover, operation conditions were evaluated. It was found that increasing water flow rate is an effective strategy for promoting ozone dissolution, and within the present experimental range, the water flow rate of 63 L·h−1 was identified. Meanwhile, through the study of all processes occurring inside the electrolyzer at higher current densities, the optimum current density was determined to be 125 mA·cm−2. Based on these results, ozone water presents excellent performance in the killing of Escherichia coli with high inoculum concentrations, indicating potential application performance in the field of environment.
Audit of Activities in Obstetric Practice – a Guarantee of Quality and Safety
Authors: Radeva Svetlana
Published: January 2022

Primary medical documentation traces the patient's path during the therapeutic and diagnostic process and recreates in writing all therapeutic and diagnostic procedures, therapeutic behavior, diet, care and everything related to the patient visual representation of data, allows you to track the change in the condition and the therapeutic response of the patient to the treatment.
The aim of the present study is to study medical documentation and inspections carried out by institutions in two medical obstetric structures in Varna. Materials and Methods: A direct anonymous survey was conducted among 232 respondents, of which 124 medical doctors and 108 medical workers.
Experiencias de violencia de género en mujeres migrantes bolivianas residentes en Tarapacá, Chile
Authors: Romero Mileska
Published: January 2022

El artículo aborda los resultados de un estudio de caso sobre las experiencias de violencia que impactan a migrantes bolivianas residentes en Tarapacá, Chile. La investigación se efectuó en 2019 y los objetivos son: comprender cómo la violencia repercute o altera la migración de aquellas mujeres e indagar en el nivel de conocimiento acerca de la institucionalidad chilena y boliviana competente en la materia. El texto se estructura a partir de tres estrategias metodológicas: revisión del estado del arte de los debates sobre la relación entre género, violencia y migración; análisis documental de legislación nacional e internacional y aplicación de entrevistas cualitativas a 10 migrantes que sufrieron violencia por sus parejas. Dentro de los hallazgos se corrobora que efectivamente la violencia de género influye en la decisión de migrar de las entrevistadas.
ePALS: UTILIZING ICT TO PROMOTE ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNING FOR YOUNG LEARNERS THROUGH GLOBAL CONNECTION
Authors: Velenti Puspa Nadea , Puspita Ratri Devinta , Urifah Urifah
Published: January 2022

The proper use of digital learning technologies in the classroom may boost student engagement, assist teachers in improving lesson ideas, enable individualized learning, and also assists learners in developing 21st-century abilities. ePals is one of global online learning platforms that can be used for connecting, communicating and collaborating with teachers and students all over the world. ePals is utilized to teach English that provides opportunities to English learners including young learners to communicate with people across countries. Descriptive qualitative method was used to acquire the data gained from observation and interview. The findings revealed that the use of ePals for young learners becomes effective teaching and learning process to connect with students all over the world as a media to use the target language. Young learners were enthusiastic about activities of the project made by the teacher with school partners through ePals that allow young learners to communicate with foreigners using English, even though there were some problems encountered by the teacher and young learners about the internet connection and language. Hence, with the success to bring the experience of using the target language for young learners, the use of ePals with different levels is highly suggested.
Premature Coronary Artery Disease in Young Male Patient with Strong Family History
Authors: Arie Kurniawan Dea , Saifur Rohman Mohammad , Fuj Rahimah Anna , Satrijo Budi
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND: Coronary artery disease (CAD) occurring in less than 45 years of age is termed as premature CAD (PCAD). Recent studies showed a prevalence of 4-10 % of PCAD. PCAD is associated with unfavorable outcomes for the patients and had a greater impact on the quality of life. Family History is the best method to explained complex interaction between shared risk factor. CASE ILLUSTRATION: A 37-years old male admitted to Saiful Anwar Hospital for further evaluation of anginal pain. The patient complains of recurrent chest pain since 5 months ago but still relieved by rest. The electrocardiogram showed Wellens Type B which is specific for critical stenosis of the left anterior descending artery (LAD). Then the patient undergoing DCA Ad Hoc. The implantation of a 46 mm DES at proximal until distal LAD was performed. The patient discharged after a day observation. DISCUSSION: The challenging point, in this case, was it happen at a young age with strong family history. There was positive family history of PCAD in 1st degree relative on her brother and mother, despite several risk factors were identified in this case consist of smoking, and dyslipidemia, which make CAD risk higher. Despite adequate control of risk factors, family screening is important to reveal subclinical atherosclerosis. CONCLUSION: Approach to a patient with PCAD comprises of management of traditional risk factors and careful investigation of Family History. Individual with positive family history of PCAD should be treated more cautiously
Migração e Conflito Sírio: A Narrativa por Trás da Imagem
Authors: Coutinho Suzana Ramos , Santos Jesner Esequiel
Published: January 2022

Este artigo visa pensar os fluxos migratórios e o papel político da imagem utilizando como referência a guerra na Síria. A fotografia de Hamza Al-Ajweh intitulada “Uma criança síria caminha por uma rua passando por escombros de edifícios destruídos na cidade controlada pelos rebeldes de Douma no enclave Ghouta Oriental, nos arredores de Damasco”, tirada em 8 de março de 2018 e publicada pela primeira vez no Los Angeles Times, servirá como ponto de referência para a discussão e análise aqui proposta. A complexidade dos deslocamentos neste contexto específico de guerra nos encaminha para a necessidade de conceituação da mobilidade síria após o início da guerra em 2011, entendendo que esta complexidade vai muito além das definições formais utilizadas pelos órgãos internacionais. Para um entendimento mais preciso do debate, estruturamos a discussão em três partes, apresentando primeiramente uma breve contextualização sobre o conflito na Síria, que teve início com a Primavera Árabe e que prossegue até a atualidade. Esta contextualização sociopolítica serve aqui como pano de fundo para discutirmos não somente categorias migratórias genéricas, mas também para melhor auxiliar o entendimento sobre pessoas, movimentos e a demanda por novas categorias e reflexões visuais que ultrapassam as perspectivas já estabelecidas. No final, discutiremos como a fotografia do fotógrafo Hamza Al-Ajweh nos auxilia a pensarmos múltiplos aspectos políticos e transformadores da imagem.