bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigation of Plastic Properties of Ø8 Rod Made of Fire-Refined Copper of Kmor Grade
Authors: Smyrnov Yevgen , Skliar Vitalii , Gorozhankin Aleksei
Published: May 2020

Results of the comparative ductility evaluation of Ø8 rods made of copper of the KM and KMor grades are discussed. It has been found out that plastic properties of KM and KMor grade rods at room temperature practically do not differ in their specific elongation and after-fracture contraction indices. At the same time, the ductility indices of KMor rod at temperature +850 °С became, practically, half-values. Increased spread of physical property values particularly the specific ohmic resistance of the rod KMor can be explained by the cumulative effect of variations of the chemical metal composition, and changes in process variables of the process (for example, unstable density of a cast bar), that initiate an occurrence of tension stresses during rolling. Calculation data of the limiting drawing ratio μr demonstrated that its value must not exceed 1.475.
The Optimal Content of Liquid Glass in the Raw Material Mixtures in the Briquettes Production
Authors: Polyansky Leonid I. , Babailov Nikolai A. , Loginov Yuriy N.
Published: May 2020

The results of the mechanical characteristics determining the briquettes during the roll briquetting of the raw mixtures are presented. The fine fractions briquetting process of iron ore concentrate and ferrosilicon manganese with the liquid glass as a binder was investigated. The mechanical strength briquettes data for low and high stresses of the mixtures briquetting are obtained. According to the results of the briquettes test for dropping and crushing, the minimum amount values of binder in the mixtures are obtained. They provide a sufficient level of the briquette mechanical properties. The automated technological line for roll briquetting of raw mixtures with a binder is presented.
Investigation of the Effect of Welding Heat Input and Focal Distance of Laser Beam on Penetration Depth and Dynamics of Welding Pool Using a High-Speed Video Camera
Authors: Kuryntsev Sergey , Kolesnikov Dmitry , Vulpe Mikhail
Published: May 2020

The paper presents the investigation results of a metal plate re-melting process by a fiber laser beam using a high-speed video camera. The obtained video materials allow observing the transition process of molten metal to a solid state. The dependence of the molten metal transition to the solid state on the laser welding speed and on the focal distance (in the range of ± 20 mm) is analyzed. A quantitative analysis of the geometric dimensions of the microstructural components of the re-melted metal was carried out. When comparing the processed video material and microstructure elements of the molten pool, the similar trends are observed depending on the re-melting speed by a laser beam in a certain range of speeds from 20 to 45 mm/s. The obtained results can be used to develop a technique for estimating the presence of a key-hole depending on the laser focal distance.
Effect of the Gas-Vortex Stabilization Method on the Plasma Cutting Quality
Authors: Matushkina I.Y. , Anakhov S.V. , Pyckin Yu.A.
Published: May 2020

Various methods of gas-vortex stabilization in plasma torches for metal cutting are investigated. The influence of an angle of plasma-forming gas injection into the nozzle on kinematic characteristics of the plasma jet is shown. The increase in the radial component of the velocity at the output from the swirler makes it possible to increase the uniformity of velocity distribution and the kinetic properties of jet in the zone of influence on the cut metal. For the cutting of the thin sheet metals, it is advisable to use the technology of "narrow-jet plasma".
Improvement of Composite Filaments for Extrusive 3D Printing
Authors: Mukhametzyanov Shamil R. , Safin Ruslan R. , Galyavetdinov Nour R.
Published: May 2020

Today, the technology of extrusion 3D printing of plastic products is developing at the highest rate, due to its availability. Therefore, the creation of composite materials, based on thermoplastics, which contain various additives, aimed at improving the physico-mechanical and aesthetic characteristics is becoming more important. In this regard, the studies on the effectiveness of using a thermally modified wood filler in the filaments, used in extrusion 3D printing technologies, were conducted in this work. It was found that the presence of a thermally modified wood filler reduces shrinkage of the composite and allows obtaining products with the smallest surface roughness. However, with a high content of filler in the composite, a decrease in its strength properties is observed.
The Roughness of the Contact Surfaces of Plastic Cylindrical Gears with a Circular Tooth during Additive Shaping
Authors: Tarapanov Alexander S. , Frolenkova Larisa Yu. , Shablinskaia Tatyana N.
Published: May 2020

The article discusses the problems of using FDM technologies in the formation of plastic gears with circular teeth. It is shown that additive technologies are becoming increasingly important in the manufacture of non-standard parts. The role of such an important parameter as the roughness of the side surface of the teeth, which has a significant impact on the durability of gearing, is emphasized. The method for calculating the configuration of liquefied material layer on a solid flat surface is proposed. This method is based on a model of the interaction of the internal three-dimensional state of liquid material layer, a two-dimensional material film, and a material line closing it. The state and shape of the liquid layer on a flat surface was analyzed under the assumption of the validity of the Yungi equation, connecting the wetting angle with the values of surface tensions. The dependences, allowing calculating the amount of irregularities of the lateral surface of the circular teeth of plastic cylindrical gears, are given.
Numerical Simulation of the Selective Laser Melting Process Using the Example of a Turbine Blade
Authors: Orlov Aleksei , Borisov Evgenii , Popovich Anatoly A.
Published: May 2020

Additive manufacturing is widespread in the modern world. Many foreign companies are moving to mass production of parts using additive technologies. To reduce the risks associated with the building up parts it is necessary to use numerical methods for predicting the deformation and internal quenching stresses and to optimize the support structures of parts. In this work, it was simulated the process of selective laser melting in the Amphyon software package to predict internal quenching stresses and strains using the example of a gas turbine engine blade. The calculation results are presented and the deformed, as well as the pre-deformed models, are presented.
The Solubility of Gd2O3 in K Cl-GdCl3 Melts
Authors: Zakir'yanova Irina D. , Nikolaeva Elena V. , Korzun Iraida V.
Published: May 2020

The differential scanning calorimetry and the method of cooling curves are used to obtain data on liquidus temperatures of oxide-chloride systems Gd2O3– K Cl - GdCl3. The solubility of gadolinium oxide in K Cl - GdCl3melts has been studied. This information can be used for a developing process of the reduction of solid rare-earth oxides into their metals in molten salts.
Numerical Modeling of Heat Process during MIG Welding of High-Strength Pipes with Account Structural-Phase Transformations
Authors: Atroshenko V. , Nikiforov R. , Murugova O.V. , Gatiyatullin I.M.
Published: May 2020

The article is devoted to the modeling of structural-phase transformations during automatic MIG welding of high-strength steel X80 in a welded seam and the heat affected zone in the ANSYS / Mechanical package. Based on the results of numerical modeling the relationship between the initial morphology of the steel microstructure and the parameters of the weld seam geometry was revealed.
SEM Studies on the Microstructure and Phase Composition Distribution in Cr3C2 + TiC Claddings on Low-Carbon Steel
Authors: Ivanov Konstantin V. , Ovcharenko Vladimir E.
Published: May 2020

Using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) we studied the distribution of structural parameters, phase composition and alloying elements concentration across the coatings obtained by cladding of chromium and titanium carbides mixture on low-carbon steel. The beam of relativistic energy electrons extracted into the atmosphere was used to form the coatings. The homogeneity in the allying elements distribution is shown to be defined by the lifetime of the melt bath while the phase composition distribution depends on the thickness of the melt layer. Both above parameters are determined by the density of the entered energy.
Empathy, Awareness and Attitudes toward Violence among Elementary School Students
Authors: Kang So Ra , Cho Haeryun , Kim Shin-Jeong
Published: May 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate empathy, awareness, and attitudes toward violence among elementary school students. Methods: The participants were 195 fifth and sixth grade students in Y elementary school. The data collection period was from June 24 to July 4, 2019. Results: Empathy scores significantly differed according to participants' gender and need for education on violence prevention. Attitudes towards violence (permissive and neglectful) significantly differed according to students' grade and need for education on violence prevention. Empathy was negatively correlated with permissive attitudes toward violence (r=-.26, p<.001) and neglectful attitudes toward violence (r=-.24, p=.001). Conclusion: The results of this study are expected to be utilized as basic data for education on violence prevention through empathy.
Glucose Variations in the First Day of Life of Newborns under Observational Surveillance
Authors: Cho Jung Ae , Son Kyoung Hee , Eom Hyun Young , Lim Seo Hae , Jun Yong Hoon , Ahn Young Mee
Published: May 2020

Purpose: Nursing protocols for glucose management are well known for both healthy term newborns and high-risk newborns. However, for less risky newborns who are under only observation surveillance, hypoglycemia could be overlooked unless clinical symptoms develop. Methods: A retrospective study was performed to explore factors influencing variations in glucose levels in 91 newborns who did not require any interventions, but were under nursing surveillance, at a level II neonatal intensive care unit. Data were retrieved from electrical medical records on glucose levels, demographic characteristics, and other clinical characteristics of newborns in their first day of life from January 2016 to May 2019. Results: Glucose levels tended to stabilize within the normal range (60~80 mg/dL) as time passed during the first day of life. Cesarean section, multiple gestation, abnormal growth, and later preterm birth were associated with low glucose levels in the first 2 hours of life. Thirty-one newborns experienced a hypoglycemic episode (< 45 mg/dL) during the first 24 hours of life. Conclusion: The findings of this study support the active encouragement of early feeding within 2 hours of birth and urgent adoption of a structural protocol for glucose surveillance in newborns with potential health problems immediately after birth.
Experimental and modeling study of water defluoridation using waste granular brick in a continuous up-flow fixed bed
Authors: Abd Ali Ziad T. , Ismail Zainab Z.
Published: May 2020

Contamination of surface and groundwater with excessive concentrations of fluoride is of significant health hazard. Adsorption of fluoride onto waste materials of no economic value could be a potential approach for the treatment of fluoride-bearing water. This experimental and modeling study was devoted to investigate for the first the fluoride removal using unmodified waste granular brick (WGB) in a fixed bed running in continuous mode. Characterization of WGB was carried out by FT-IR, SEM, and EDX analysis. The batch mode experiments showed that they were affected by several parameters including contact time, initial pH, and sorbent dosage. The best values of these parameters that provided maximum removal percent (82%) with the initial concentration of F-1 ions (10 mg/L) and agitation speed (200 rpm) were 90 min, 8, and 3 g/100 mL, respectively. The experimental data were found to fit the Freundlich isotherm model. The maximum adsorption capacity of fluoride on WGB was 1.1 mg/g. The continuous mode experiments clearly confirmed the important role of WGB bed in hindering and confining the propagation of the fluoride-loaded plume as well as there was a very good matching (RMSE ≤ 0.0398) with the predicted results obtained by the simulated mathematical model using COMSOL Multiphysics 3.5a software.
Understanding of Accounting and Training for the Development of MSME’s Financial Statements Based on Sak Emkm
Authors: Bokol Darto Dengi , . Ratnawati , Perdana Sukma
Published: May 2020

The purpose of this study was to determine the Effect of Accounting Understanding on MSME Financial Reporting Based on SAK EMKM, Effect of Training on Financial Report Preparation on MSME Financial Reporting Based on SAK EMKM. Study at Sanan Tempe Chips Industry Center in Blimbing District, Malang City. The sample of this research is 65 MSME centers of Sanan Tempe Chips Industry in Malang City Blimbing District. Hypothesis testing uses a regression test that is preceded by a normality test, a multicollinearity test, and a heteroscedasticity test. Furthermore, hypothesis testing is done by using multiple regression tests. The results of the study indicate that accounting understanding has no significant effect on MSME financial reporting based on SAK EMKM. Training on the preparation of financial statements has no significant effect on MSME financial reporting based on SAK EMKM.
Teacher Proof
Authors: Benegas Michelle
Published: May 2020

This study examines the experience of four student teachers in an intentional community of practice focused on culturally relevant pedagogy for ELs who learn of the implementation of a newly-adopted scripted literacy curriculum in their ethnically diverse elementary school. As students are more motivated to learn when curricula are relevant to their lived experiences (Howard, 2003), it is incumbent upon teachers and district leaders to consider ways in which to tailor pedagogy to their unique student populations. In the current sociopolitical educational climate of accountability and standardization, this goal is increasingly more difficult for educators to achieve. With ten percent of the United States’ student population made up of English learners (ELs), amounting to 4.6 million students (U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2017), it is imperative that school systems shift to support culturally relevant practices.
O ESTÁGIO EM SAÚDE HARMONIA ENTRE TEORIA, EDUCAÇÃO E PRÁTICA: UM ESTUDO DE CAMPO COM ESTÁGIÁRIOS DE UM CURSO DE MEDICINA
Authors: Cruz Antonio Carlos dos Santos
Published: May 2020

Os profissionais de saúde prestam um trabalho de grande relevância social, tendo em suas mãos diariamente a responsabilidade pela vida e saúde de muitas pessoas. A trajetória de todo médico de sucesso começa pela sua formação e neste contexto é um momento importante. Desta forma, o presente trabalho apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa de campo empreendida junto a acadêmicos do curso de Medicina estagiários de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia da Unidade Básica de Saúde (UBS) de Andorinhas/PMV-ES, a qual foi realizada em dois momentos com fins de verificar a eficácia do processo de ensino-aprendizagem no estágio em saúde, com base na avaliação de dezesseis critérios, os quais se relacionam a aspectos inerentes a prática médica, desde relações interpessoais com pacientes e equipes, a organização, compreensão teórica e elementos relativos á postura profissional. Os resultados evidenciam a importância do estágio, e a eficiência do processo de ensino da instituição pesquisada, com ênfase para relevância da motivação profissional em saúde.
O PROCESSO DE AVALIAÇÃO NA EJA: UM POSSÍVEL CAMINHO PARA PESQUISA
Authors: Cruz Antonio Carlos dos Santos
Published: May 2020

Este trabalho possui como objetivo apresentar possíveis caminhos para uma pesquisa que busque analisar o processo de avaliação feito na modalidade de Educação para Jovens e Adultos (EJA). Tal modalidade possui um histórico de negligência por parte do poder público, no entanto, ela se faz necessária na sociedade, oferecendo para aqueles que não puderam ter acesso a educação no período costumeiro uma chance de se alfabetizar e melhorar a sua condição dentro da sociedade, principalmente se considerarmos o quesito competição no mercado de trabalho. Considerando isto, fica claro o quanto é necessário que este sistema possua qualidade, e uma das melhores táticas para desenvolver isto é a avaliação, que fornecerá dados que possibilitem que educadores e gestores avaliem e melhorem o programa. Assim, este artigo pretende demonstrar, através do que foi produzido na tese intitulada Processo Ensino-aprendizagem: uma nova concepção de avaliação na Educação de Jovens e Adultos – EJA, desenvolvida na Universidad Autónoma de Assunción, possíveis caminhos para uma pesquisa que pretenda utilizar este objeto, buscando incentivar e ajudar outros pesquisadores que pretendam seguir o mesmo tema de pesquisa.

Referências

CRUZ, A. C. dos S. Processo Ensino-aprendizagem: uma nova concepção de avaliação na Educação de Jovens e Adultos – EJA. 137 p. Tese (Doutorado em Ciências da Educação) — Universidad Autónoma de Assunción, 2019.

FREIRE, P. Pedagogia do Oprimido. 17ª. ed. Rio de Janeiro: Paz e Terra, 2001.

GADOTTI, M. Paulo Freire: uma biografia. São Paulo: Cortez: Instituto Paulo Freire, 1996.

HADDAD, S. Estado e Educação de Adultos (1964-1985). São Paulo: Faculdade de Educação da USP, 1997.

LAFFIN, M. H. L. F. Educação de jovens e adultos e educação na diversidade: Livro 1. Florianópolis: NUP - Núcleo de Publicações do CED, 2011.
EJWI Vol. 1, No. 1
Authors: Garmann Johnsen Hans Christian
Published: May 2020

Reflections on EJWI Vol. 1, No. 1
Reshaping workplaces: workplace innovation as designed by scientists and practitioners
Authors: Dhondt Steven , Van Hootegem Geert
Published: May 2020

Current thinking in several disciplines (organisational economics, sociology, psychology)about organisations is starting to converge. Organisations are no longer considered a blackbox, adapting to the economic environment as will-less objects. There is a role to play formanagers to choose the right organisational model. There is still some confusion in theresearch field regarding which organisational model will be most suited for future societaldemands. Workplace Innovation is positioned as a solution, not only stressingorganisational performance, but also delivering better quality of work. This article proposesa research agenda to help this positioning.
Closing the Gap: The Fifth Element and Workplace Innovation
Authors: Totterdill Peter
Published: May 2020

Growing evidence shows that workplace innovation practices which empower employees tomake day-to-day-decisions, challenge established practices, contribute ideas, and be heardat the most senior levels, lead to better business results, as well as enhanced workforcehealth and engagement. Most businesses are either unaware of this evidence, or are unableor unwilling to act on it. Surveys demonstrate a gap between “what works” and commonworkplace practice.We lack an easily communicable way of sharing actionable knowledge, generated by diversebodies of research and experience, with enterprise-level decision-makers, publicpolicymakers and other actors. We need a “joint intelligence” shared by all stakeholders inthe workplace, and at the wider economic and social level. This task has been taken up byUK WON and its partners in the European Workplace Innovation Network (EUWIN).The literature emphasises the importance of internally consistent policies and practices inachieving superior outcomes for organisations and their employees, greater than the sumof individual measures. The Fifth Element captures this essential quality, providing aframework for the creation of sense-making narratives that build bridges betweenresearchers and practitioners.
Innovation Management in Swedish Municipalities
Authors: Wihlman Thomas , Hoppe Magnus , Wihlman Ulla , Sandmark Hélène
Published: May 2020

Research on public sector innovation is still limited, and increased knowledge of innovation processes is needed. This article is a based on a study of the fulfillment of innovation policies in Swedish municipalities and gives a first-hand, empirical view of the complexities of innovation in the public sector. The study took place in four municipalities in central Sweden. The municipalities varied in size and organizational forms. Interviews and policy documents were used for data collection. The results showed that the innovation policies were not followed by action, which may be described as not mobilizing dynamic capabilities to create innovativeness. Thus, dynamic capabilities such as learning and HRM were not used in conjunction with innovation. Particularly amongst senior management there was a negative attitude towards the innovative capacity of their organization. Middle management saw possibilities. However barriers such as extensive control systems removed the focus from innovation. Communication lacked between senior management and middle management regarding innovation. The conclusion was that innovation, as both concept and practice, was not fully embraced by the municipalities. It is suggested that a generative leadership, opening up for communication within the organizations, especially between employees, could be beneficial and that a common understanding and definition of the innovation concept is needed.  Integration of top-down processes with bottom-up processes, such as employee-driven innovation, is also suggested.
Dealing with economic and demographic challenges: Workplace innovation practices as a timely and effective response to older workers' needs
Authors: Gkiontsi Dimitra , Karanika-Murray Maria
Published: May 2020

Abstract There is substantial evidence that workplace practices can support employee health and well-being. In the present paper we explore the role of a specific type of practices, workplace innovation (WI) practices, for older workers’ health and well-being. We start by arguing for a more comprehensive and less fragmented approach to workplace practices and for practices that can create the conditions to support both quality of working life and organisational performance. We then suggest that WI practices offer such an approach and present the evidence that links the effects of four types of WI practices (work organisation, structure and systems, learning and reflection, and workplace partnership) to a range of health and well-being outcomes (health, well-being, work engagement, performance, and decisions to delay retirement). Even though there is currently no direct empirical evidence that links WI practices to the health and well-being of older workers, the available research offers indirect support for a number of propositions for research and practice. These propositions can help and contribute to the development of a fruitful line of research on the impact of WI on older workers’ health and well-being. Keywords: Older workers, workplace innovation practices, human resource management, health, well-being, work engagement, performance, retirement
High-performance Work Practices in Europe: Challenges of Diffusion
Authors: Totterdill Peter , Exton Oliver , Exton Rosemary , Gold Michael
Published: May 2020

Although the evidence supports the role of high-performance work practices (HPWPs) in underpinning improvements in organisational performance, it is striking that so few companies in Europe seem willing to introduce them. The purpose of this article is to examine the barriers to the dissemination of HPWPs, and especially the challenges and dilemmas it presents to policy makers at the design stage. The article is based on in-depth, semi-structured interviews with the principal officials responsible for seven HPWP programmes across six European countries, as well as on extensive secondary material. The interviews were analysed to identify key issues of concern, and then grouped to provide general insights into the operation of HPWP programmes. The article identifies a number of challenges common to all the programmes that need resolution, including tensions between research and dissemination, whether programmes should aim at breadth or depth, and the role of the social partners. It accordingly advocates a new research agenda that focuses on policies to achieve their wider diffusion, which will be of particular value to policy-makers. It also proposes that research should be directed away from replicating studies that demonstrate the effectiveness of HPWPs and towards analyses of constraints on dissemination and the means to overcome them.
Success at work requires hope and the ability to life-long learning
Authors: Uusiautti Satu
Published: May 2020

As the work life is changing fast at the moment, new studies on psychosocial dimensions of work are needed to improve efficiency, productivity, and well-being in workplaces. This was a qualitative study employing a mixed-methods approach to study enterprise personnel’s perceptions of success at work. Leaders and supervisors (N=15) in a northern Finnish mid-size enterprise were interviewed personally about how they understand success and the related factors. The data were complemented by open-ended questionnaires filled out by employees (N=29) of the enterprise. The data collection took place in 2014. The purpose was to find the key elements of success when analyzed from a positive psychological viewpoint. The findings provide information about the means to promote productivity, well-being, and sense of meaning at work. Changes in work appeared the most crucial factor influencing success at work in the target enterprise. The attitude to and coping with changes were analyzed through reported experiences. The analysis showed that learning new methods and attitudes at work requires not only persistency and willingness to learn but also optimism and hopefulness.
Man-Made:The damaging consequences of having so few women in positions of power
Authors: Edmonds John , Tutchell Eva
Published: May 2020

Very few women are inpositions of power in Britain.  Men hold about 80% of powerful positions and this imbalance of power not only offends normal considerations of justice and equality but has damaging consequences for Britain's economic performance.  Male dominated organisations tend to be highly centralised, wasting talent and stifling iniative and innovation. A progamme of fundeamental reform, including the enforcement of current legislation, the introduction of quotas in key areas and the provision of career breaks is proposed.
Industrial Cognitive Engineering
Authors: Mühlbradt Thomas , Kuhlang Peter
Published: May 2020

The term “cognition” describes mental processes, such as perception, memory, thought, learning, and language. Independent, although interacting, developments contribute to the fact that the proportion of cognitive functions in industrial work systems is steadily increasing and that their contribution to value added is becoming more performance-defining. Companies across-the-board are not sufficiently prepared for changes of this kind. Consequently, there is a strong demand for reliable methods with the help of which all tasks related to cognitive functions and the resulting complexity of industrial value added can be mastered in a target-oriented way and on an appropriate industrial level. “Industrial Cognitive Engineering” meets both these requirements. It combines cognitive engineering with the approved practical approaches and experiences of industrial engineering. Furthermore, its integration into the framework of workplace innovation is discussed.
Social mechanisms of performance systems
Authors: Holtskog Halvor
Published: May 2020

Production systems have continuously evolved since early attempts to standardise parts, processes and work modes to enhance mass production. This was further refined by the Japanese automotive industry, which has been the global benchmark for decades. Lately, such systems have been developed as company specific production systems to create common identities and production principles, to form global production networks and performance systems. The purpose of this article is to investigate the introduction of new systems, or the introduction of new combined systems, casting light on what happens inside the organisation, making these systems work over time. The article illustrates how true change occurred in a multinational company over the period from 2000 to the present. The key point for this study is not the system as a formalised structure for improving overall company efficiency, based on measures regards to flexibility, cost, quality and time. Our concerns relate to mechanisms and agents behind the system itself, and evolution over time. We focus on the two mechanisms, mentor-sponsor and insider-outsiders, understanding how these mechanisms are related and eventually support each other. The article argues that popular managerial and performance tools and systems are less important than how mechanisms for initiating and maintaining focus on performance are managed as a symbiosis between local and central change agents.
Innovation adoption of employees in the logistics sector in the Netherlands: The role of workplace innovation
Authors: Putnik Katarina , Oeij Peter , Dhondt Stephen , Van der Torre Wouter , De Vroome Ernest , Preenen Paul
Published: May 2020

In this study we examine individual behavioural and organisational predictors of innovation adoption amongemployees in the transport and logistics sector in the Netherlands. The framework of the study is based on theories of planned behaviour and workplace innovation.  Based on a survey of 224 respondents, we see that employees who are expressing innovative behaviour, are feeling engaged in the process of innovation development and implementation, and are stimulated to contribute in the team or department’s meetings, also have a positive perception of innovation. Ease of use and subjective norm are key elements related to the actual use of innovation, i.e., innovation adoption. The role of workplace innovation, that is engagement of employees in decision making and giving them voice in the process of innovation development and innovation, is highly relevant for successful implementation of innovation.
Introducing a corporate concept into organisational practices: a case study of domestication and organisational choice
Authors: Haga Trond , Ravn Johan E.
Published: May 2020

This article discusses a case of introducing and launching a new corporate concept, a so-called company-specific production system (XPS), into an organisation. Such concepts are at present very commonly used, but what does it take to implement a new logic into an existing organisation? As a theoretical point of departure, the process was understood as a process of domestication, where the imported concept moves from being external, general and unfamiliar to becoming inter­nal and known, owned by the organisational culture and embedded in its practices. Domestication is a process where the import has to be rescripted through how the organisation, as individual members and as various collectives, enacts it, makes sense of it and understands it. The organisation in this case study had a rich tradition of participation, and in the process under study, members from most levels and functions were involved in the attempts to transform the general concept into something workable and company-specific. This paper takes a socio-technical design approach, which argues that organisations importing new technology or new organisational concepts are faced with choices, not with something inevitable. The study reveals the challenges of the domestication process and how the organisation faces not one choice but a multiplicity of interdependent choices, and how handling the process calls for an untraditional, complex and participatory approach.
Minimal critical specification and collective organisational redesign
Authors: Ravn Johan E.
Published: May 2020

The purpose of this article is to apply concepts of socio-technical systems thinking (STS), enriched with concepts from more recent organisation theory, to analyse a case of participatory design of core manufacturing processes in a company. The redesign process considered transformation of operational logistics of the installation phase, which is a complex and costly phase. The focus is a test of the concept of minimal critical specification, applied as a principle for work process redesign. In the process under study, managers, supervisors and worker representatives at all levels and functions directly affected took part in the process of redesigning the material flow system and the corresponding control system at the operational level, and the design was put into operation by the company. After a year of operation, the new design was modestly favourably assessed by the organisation. The case shows the possibility and importance of the affected work system’s influence in the development, operationalisation and implementation of a new organisation, and the findings demonstrate how manifold relevant participant knowledge may be incorporated into a workable redesign process. The findings cannot be generalised on the basis of this one case, but we will argue that the case serves as a demonstrator project for the model tested.
A Socio-Technical Perspective on the Digital Era: The Lowlands view
Authors: Govers Mark , Amelsvoort Pierre Van
Published: May 2020

Given growing global competition, organisations face the dual challenge of creating workplaces that are, on the one hand, more productive, agile, and innovative, and on the other hand, healthy places to work.At the same time, we are facing a digital revolution with profound consequences in work and daily life. Digital technologies have potential opportunities, but also constraints. To make the transformation successful joint optimise of social and technical systems is necessary. The sociotechnical systems design theory (STS-D) and practice have focused the last 70 years on this challenge.  Over the years, different STS lenses have developed like participative design (North America and Australia), democratic dialogue (Scandinavia) and organisation design (the Netherlands and Belgium, the Lowlands). All have in common the aim of designing modern organisations that are humane, productive, agile and innovative. Also, digital technology has developed over the years: from digitisation to digitalisation, and lately into digital transformation affecting societies, organisations and humans. With this article we take the Lowlands STS-D theory as perspective and we discover how this theory, especially the design sequence, should be adjusted to apply successful digital technology. First, we zoom in on digital technologies and its opportunities. Second, we zoom in on the STS-D Lowlands design theory its principles and organisational design sequence. The original design sequence requires adjustment from a digital technology perspective. We propose a combined approach from a digital-technical and social perspective. We end with new routines for designing modern 21stcentury organisations that facilitate organisational and digital experts to jointly optimise both perspectives in practice.
A new take-off for EUWIN!
Authors: Dhondt Steven , Totterdill Peter , Van Hootgem Geert
Published: May 2020

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The role of universities for workplace innovation: a Turkish case
Authors: Köksal Hayal
Published: May 2020

Universities have three essential functions. One is educational and other is about generating knowledge and technology. The last one is related to the bridge between the theory and practice that is being practically engaged to the society that is generally called “Service”. In many of them, to educate the citizens and citizen-leaders for the society is a much more important mission then the latter. They do this through their commitment to the transformative power of a liberal arts and sciences education. While focusing on the educational issues of students, university administrators should also take into consideration the training needs of their own administrative personnel, since they are among the fundamental internal customers of the university. Creating an innovative workplace for all is essential at a contemporary university, since it is accepted as one of the role model workplaces within society. This paper emphasises the crucial need and the steps of in-service training programmes for administrative personnel, which contributes to the educational and managerial quality of higher education institutes. As a sample case, an in-service training programme is shared for the training needs of the administrative personnel of a Turkish State University, located in Istanbul, after conducting a detailed needs analysis.  Following the response of the sample university to the research findings, the paper concludes with reflections on alternative institutional structures, based on Quality Circles / İmece Circles.
Decision-Making Processes for Effective Problem Solving to Potentiate Organisations Sustainability
Authors: Sousa Maria José , Martins Jorge Miguel , Sousa Miguel
Published: May 2020

The purposes of this article are to analyse the decision-making processes for practical problem solving, and to understand the ways employees make decisions, based on the knowledge they have from previous problems solutions. To achieve these objectives, the following research questions were used to frame this study: Do employees have access to knowledge and tools to help them in their decision process on how to solve a particular problem? What kind of decision-making strategies for problem-solving situations can be implemented to make the organisation sustainable? One large-sized multinational organisation in Portugal was selected for this case study research. Fifteen employees were interviewed to provide insight into the research questions. The research findings support the conclusion that depending on the complexity of the problem, the employee needs to decide if he has the knowledge and the tools to achieve a solution to solve the problem. The use and share of employees' knowledge to make the decisions is a significant factor to solve problems and strengthen performance.
Action Research Industrial PhD at Sabanci University, Turkey
Authors: Baburoglu Oguz
Published: May 2020

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Diverging task orientations in L2 oral proficiency tests – a conversation analytic approach to participant understandings of pre-set discussion tasks
Authors: Sandlund Erica , Sundqvist Pia
Published: May 2020

Abstract Presumably most students strive to do well in school and on national tests. However, even in standardized tests, students’ and examiners’ expectations on what it means to ‘do well’ may diverge in ways that are consequential to performance and assessment. In this paper, we examine how students and teachers in an L2 English peer–peer speaking national test (9th grade) display their understandings of appropriate ways of dealing with pre-set discussion tasks. Using conversation analysis and 38 recorded national tests in English in Sweden, we demonstrate, e.g., how teachers’ displayed understandings of how tasks should be appropriately handled steer the interactional trajectory between students in particular directions. The analysis shows that participants spend much time on negotiating understandings of the task-at-hand. We argue that in terms of valid assessment of oral proficiency, task understandings merit more attention, as task negotiations inevitably generate different conditions for different dyads and teachers.
English Writing Instruction Questionnaire: The development of a questionnaire concerning English writing instruction, writing skills and feedback practices
Authors: Horverak May Olaug
Published: May 2020

This article presents a study aimed at developing a questionnaire to assess how Norwegian students perceive English writing instruction in upper secondary school. Based on genre-pedagogy and Bandura’s theory of self-efficacy, a questionnaire consisting of two parts has been developed, one called English Writing Instruction Teaching (EWIT) and one called English Writing Instruction Feedback (EWIF). The first part includes items concerning how various types of texts are taught, and how students perceive their own writing competence in relation to these types of texts. The second part includes items concerning how feedback practices are used in the context of writing instruction and what effect feedback has on students’ self-efficacy concerning writing. Factor analyses and Chronbach’s alpha values showed acceptable reliability, which supports the use of this instrument in future research.
A case study of Readers Theatre in a primary Norwegian EFL class
Authors: Myrset Anders , Drew Ion
Published: May 2020

This article presents research on a case study of the use of Readers Theatre (RT), a group reading aloud activity in which a text is divided into small segments, in a sixth grade English as a Foreign Language (EFL) class in Norway. A mixed ability class of 27 readers, divided into groups of five to six pupils, rehearsed and performed fairy tales adapted for RT. The aims were to find out how the teachers and pupils experienced RT and how it influenced the development of the pupils’ reading, motivation and confidence. Data collection was through two teacher interviews, post-project pupil journals, lesson observations and video recordings of the first rehearsals and performances of three of the groups. Gains were recorded in pupils’ pronunciation, word recognition and fluency, especially among the struggling learners in the class. Gains were also recorded in pupils’ motivation and confidence to read. Both the cognitive and affective gains support research on RT among young learners in first language contexts and add to the sparse research on RT among young foreign language learners.
Spansk nivå III – nye læringsmuligheter og deltakelse i læringsrom i hverdag og fritid
Authors: Christiansen Ane , Grønn Berit
Published: May 2020

Denne artikkelen presenterer resultatene fra en breddeundersøkelse fra 2015 og en oppfølgende dybdeundersøkelse fra 2016 blant til sammen 205 elever som har valgt spansk på høyeste nivå i grunnopplæringa. I en tid med økende globalisering og digitalisering møter dagens spanskelever målspråket i mange ulike situasjoner og i ulike læringsrom, noe som åpner for nye erfaringer med språk og språklæring. Vi søker å gi noen svar på hvilke læringsmuligheter elevene benytter seg av utenom skolen og hva slags betydning det spanske språket har i deres livskontekst. Vi fant at elevene i varierende, men utstrakt grad benytter seg av de økte læringsmulighetene, og at spansk oppleves som relevant i hverdag og fritid, men også med tanke på framtidig studie- og arbeidsliv. Gjennom en presentasjon av resultatene konkretiserer vi de forskjellige læringsrommene og tilstedeværelsen av spansk i elevenes liv, og kommer nærmere inn på deres egen vurdering av nytteverdien av de økte læringsmulighetene. Resultatene viser blant annet at de er bevisste og deltakende aktører i ulike typer læringsrom. Vi mener at en større bevissthet og kunnskap om de ulike læringsrommene elevene deltar i vil kunne gi et mer helhetlig perspektiv på språklæringsprosessen deres og dermed være med på gjøre spanskfaget ytterligere relevant.
Geschichte ‚von unten‘ mit dem Bilderbuch Die Lisa. Didaktisches Konzept, Möglichkeiten, Beispiele
Authors: Wegerle Johansen Edith
Published: May 2020

Zusammenfassung Der Artikel präsentiert einen theoretischen Rahmen, ein didaktisches Konzept und Aufgabenbeispiele für die Auseinandersetzung mit der deutschen Geschichte anhand des Bilderbuchs Die Lisa von Klaus Kordon und Peter Schimmel (1999). Der theoretische Rahmen erläutert u. a., dass die Bildbetrachtung mit einer gewissen Verlangsamung des Betrachtungsvorgangs einhergehen muss, um Details auf den Bildern entdecken zu können, die man durch eine kreativ-produktive Arbeitsweise weiter entfalten und vertiefen kann. Diese Arbeitsweise ist im fremdsprachlichen Deutschunterricht, wo Sprachbarrieren bedeutsam sind, für die Lerner besonders reizvoll.Die Ergebnisse einer Fallstudie, die im Hochschul- und Sekundarbereich in Norwegen durchgeführt wurde, zeigen, dass die Lernenden ein tieferes Verständnis für die geschichtlichen Ereignisse in Deutschland entwickelt haben und dass die Kompetenzziele Verständnis und Toleranz, die im norwegischen Lehrplan LK-06 für den fremdsprachlichen Deutschunterricht hervorgehoben werden, erreicht werden können. Während des Arbeitsprozesses bekommen die Lernenden die Möglichkeit, sich auf die Figuren im Text näher einzulassen und sich mit deren Handlungsmotiven auseinanderzusetzen. Dadurch können sie zu Einsichten in Bezug auf kulturelles Verständnis und Toleranz gelangen, die auch einen gewissen Übertragungswert über das Buch hinaus besitzen.
Vg2-elevers kontakt med spansk i fritiden: «Det er morsommere å se serier når du skjønner litt spansk»
Authors: Grønn Berit , Christiansen Ane
Published: May 2020

Artikkelen presenterer funn og analyse av siste del av en tredelt undersøkelse om spanskelevers kontakt med spansk språk og spanskspråklig kultur i fritiden. Undersøkelsen ble gjennomført i tidsrommet 2015-18. Den siste delen fant sted skoleåret 2017-18 og bestod av kvalitative intervjuer av 24 elever som hadde spansk nivå II som fellesfag. Målet var å finne konkrete eksempler på hvordan spanskelever i en norsk skolekontekst går fram for å komme i kontakt med spansk utenom klasserommet. Med utgangspunkt i et sosiokulturelt perspektiv på læring, rettes oppmerksomheten spesielt mot hvordan den økte digitaliseringen av samfunnet har betydning for i hvilke situasjoner og kontekster elevene møter spansk og hvilke spanskspråklige kilder de har tilgang til og benytter seg av.Intervjuene ble gjennomført i to omganger med fem måneders mellomrom. Resultatene fra første intervjurunde viste at elevene i stor grad, men ofte mer tilfeldig, er i kontakt med spansk i digitale omgivelser, og stort sett gjennom musikk, filmer og tv-serier produsert i USA. Vi fant også at de bevisst utnytter sine forkunnskaper i engelsk i møte med autentisk spansk. I andre intervjurunde utdypet elevene hvordan den angloamerikanske populærkulturen ofte fungerer som en døråpner for kontakt med spansk og spanskspråklig kultur. Funnene våre viser at digitale verktøy, engelsk språk og kulturuttrykk fra USA synes å være viktige medierende redskaper for elevenes egen språkutvikling og eget spanskspråklig kulturkonsum.
’Un día normal en mi vida’ qué y cómo escribimos en la clase de español como lengua extranjera en Noruega
Authors: Drange Eli-Marie Danbolt
Published: May 2020

Denne artikkelen tar for seg ulike aspekter ved utviklingen av skriftlige ferdigheter i spansk blant norske elever. Artikkelen starter med å beskrive fremmedspråkenes posisjon i norsk skole generelt og situasjonen for spansk spesielt. Videre presenteres de skriftlige tekstene som analyseres og metoden som anvendes. De skriftlige tekstene er autentiske elevtekster samlet inn som en del av korpuset TRAWL (Tracking Written Learner Language). Analysen besvarer to hovedspørsmål: Hva og hvordan skriver elevene i spansk? Analysen av hva elevene skriver, viser at det første året på videregående skole skriver elevene stort sett tekster som handler om elevenes umiddelbare nærhet og dagligliv, der de mest frekvente ordene er verb og pronomen i første person entall. Andre året på videregående forbereder elevene seg på eksamen, og fokus flyttes fra personlige beskrivelser til tema knyttet til den spansktalende verden. Språket blir mer komplekst med bruk av bindeordene que og porque blant de mest frekvente ordene. En analyse av bruk av verb i fortid viser videre at elevene er i ferd med å tilegne seg verb i ulike tider, selv om den foretrukne tiden er presens perfektum. Her er det behov for mer omfattende studier for å se i hvilken grad elevene har tilegnet seg riktig bruk av de ulike verbtidene.