bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tuberculosis infection control practices in a high-burden metro in South Africa: A perpetual bane for efficient primary health care service delivery
Authors: Engelbrecht Michelle C. , Kigozi Gladys , Janse van Rensburg Andre P. , Van Rensburg Dingie H.C.J
Published: May 2018

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) prevention, including infection control, is a key element in the strategy to end the global TB epidemic. While effective infection control requires all health system components to function well, this is an area that has not received sufficient attention inSouth Africa despite the availability of policy and guidelines.Aim: To describe the state of implementation of TB infection control measures in a high-burden metro in South Africa.Setting: The research was undertaken in a high TB- and HIV-burdened metropolitan area of South Africa. More specifically, the study sites were primary health care facilities (PHC), thatamong other services also diagnosed TB.Methods: A cross-sectional survey, focusing on the World Health Organization levels of infection control, which included structured interviews with nurses providing TB diagnosis and treatment services as well as observations, at all 41 PHC facilities in a high TB-burdened and HIV-burdened metro of South Africa.Results: Tuberculosis infection control was poorly implemented, with few facilities scoring 80% and above on compliance with infection control measures. Facility controls: 26 facilities (63.4%) had an infection control committee and 12 (29.3%) had a written infection control plan. Administrative controls: 26 facilities (63.4%) reported separating coughing and noncoughing patients, while observations revealed that only 11 facilities (26.8%) had separate waiting areas for (presumptive) TB patients. Environmental controls: most facilities used open windows for ventilation (n = 30; 73.2%); however, on the day of the visit, only 12 facilities (30.3%) had open windows in consulting rooms. Personal protective equipment: 9 facilities (22%) did not have any disposable respirators in stock and only 9 respondents (22%) had undergone fit testing. The most frequently reported barrier to implementing good TBinfection control practices was lack of equipment (n = 22; 40%) such as masks and disposable respirators, as well as the structure or layout of the PHC facilities. The main recommendation to improve TB infection control was education for patients and health care workers (n = 18; 33.3%).Conclusion: All levels of the health care system should be engaged to address TB prevention and infection control in PHC facilities. Improved infection control will address the nosocomial spread of TB in health facilities and keep health care workers and patients safe from infection.
Sexual assault survivors’ perspectives on clinical follow-up in the Eden District, South Africa: A qualitative study
Authors: Holton Gail , Joyner Kate , Mash Robert
Published: May 2018

Background: Although effective follow-up of sexual assault survivors is linked to optimal recovery, attendance at follow-up consultations is poor. It is therefore essential that health care providers maximise the benefit of follow-up care for every sexual assault survivor.Aim: This study explored the personal experiences of sexual assault survivors to better understand the enablers of, and barriers to, attendance at follow-up consultations.Methods: This phenomenological qualitative study was conducted at the three hospitals which manage most sexual assault survivors within the Eden District. Using purposive sampling, 10 participants were selected. Consenting participants shared their experiencesduring semi-structured interviews with the researcher.Results: Authoritative, client-held documentation was a powerful enabler to accessing follow-up care. Individualised, patient-centred care further enhanced participants’ access to, and utilisation of, health care services. The failure of health care providers to integrate follow-up care for sexual assault survivors into established chronic care services was a missedopportunity in the continuum of care. Negative perceptions, based on others’ or personal prior experience of police, judicial and health care systems, were further barriers to follow-up care.Conclusion: This study highlights the need of survivors of sexual assault for integrated,patient-centred care, encompassing principles of good communication. Committed actions of all stakeholders are necessary to tackle negative perceptions that create barriers to follow-upcare. A simple practical strategy, the provision of a scheduled appointment on official stationery, is easy to effect at facility level. As a powerful enabler to follow-up care, this should be implemented as a priority intervention.
Exploring a communication curriculum through a focus on social accountability: A case study at a South African medical school
Authors: Matthews Margaret G. , Van Wyk Jacqueline M.
Published: May 2018

Background: Good communication is integral to social accountability, and training is included in medical curricula internationally. In KwaZulu-Natal, training is conducted in English, in spite of most public sector patients being mother tongue isiZulu speakers. Communication challenges with patients are common, but good communication and African language teaching are not emphasised in teaching.Aim: This study explored communication training and how it related to social accountability at a single institution in KwaZulu-Natal.Setting: This exploratory, qualitative case study design at the medical school explored participants’ perceptions about communication and social accountability and reviewed relevant educational documentation for evidence.Methods: Purposive sampling was used to select medical students, educators and stakeholders from the educational and service platforms. Focus group discussions and semi-structured interviews were conducted. The data were thematically analysed with reference to Boelen’s social obligation scale for medical schools.Results: Good communication was valued, but often poorly role-modelled. Participants agreed that communication and isiZulu teaching were insufficiently supported to respond adequately to the needs of local communities. Social accountability was not well understood by students, while medical school educators and other stakeholders indicated that, despite aspirations, this goal had not yet been achieved.Conclusions: Learning isiZulu language and culture in an integrated manner in both preclinical and clinical phases would improve communication with patients, contribute to socially responsive health care, and better address health care needs. Incorporating a social accountability framework in curriculum review would highlight the importance of measuring health outcomes and community impacts, and so enhance the educational mission of the medical school.
Skydiving: The audiological perspective
Authors: Pillay Dhanashree , Dada Shaaista
Published: May 2018

Background: Skydiving is a popular recreational sport for the young and old. There is minimal research pertaining to skydiving and its relation to the audiological system. The risks of skydiving in relation to the auditory system should be explored further. Aims: The main aim of this study was to explore the relationship between skydiving and audiology in South Africa. The sub-aims of the study focused on determining if skydivers were provided with safety precautions before they commenced with the dive, determining the middle ear pressure before and after the skydive and identifying the audiological symptoms that were present post-dive. This study also aimed at scrutinising the South African sports and recreation policy. Method: A mixed-method descriptive research design was utilised. Qualitative information pertaining to audiology was identified and recorded from the scrutiny of South Africa (SA) policy and the dropzone consent forms at two skydiving schools. Thirty-one skydivers were purposefully recruited to undergo a pre- and post-dive tympanometric assessment. Results: There is no information within the clearance forms that pertain to the audiological risks related to skydiving. There was a lack of information related to the risks of skydiving in the clearance forms at both dive schools. A statistically significant pressure change was noted in regular skydivers, regardless of the ability to equalise effectively during the skydive. Conclusion: This study identified the gaps in policy and clearance forms, highlighting the need for the inclusion of safety measures and risks in the documentation and legislation that governs the sport. Audiologists, sportspeople and medical advisors should be cognisant of the negative consequences that may be evident within the auditory system of skydivers.
Presence, patterns & predictors of hypocortisolism in patients with HIV infection in India
Authors: Sharma Neera , Sharma Lokesh Kumar , Anand Atul , Gadpayle Adesh Kisanji , Gaurav Kumar , Mukherjee Sabyasachi , Kulshreshtha Bindu , Dutta Deep
Published: May 2018

Background & objectives:

Adrenal insufficiency (AI) is rarely diagnosed in patients with HIV infection, in spite of autopsy studies showing very high rates of adrenal involvement. This study was aimed to determine the presence, patterns and predictors of AI in patients with HIV infection.

Methods:

Consecutive HIV patients, 18-70 yr age, without any severe co-morbid state, having at least one-year follow up at the antiretroviral therapy clinic, underwent clinical assessment and hormone assays.

Results:

From initially screened 527 patients, 359 patients having good immune function were analyzed. Basal morning cortisol <6 μg/dl (<165 nmol/l; Group 1), 6-11 μg/dl (165-300 nmol/l; Group 2), 11-18 μg/dl (300-500 nmol/l; Group 3) and ≥18 μg/dl (500 nmol/l; Group 4) were observed in 13, 71, 199 and 76 patients, respectively. Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) stimulation test revealed 87 patients (24.23%) to have AI. AI in groups 1-4 was 100, 56.34, 17.09 and 0 per cent, respectively. AI patients were more likely to be females (P< 0.05), having longer disease duration (P< 0.05), immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome, hyperkalaemia (P< 0.01), lower fasting glucose (P< 0.01), dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEAS) and vitamin D. Regression analysis revealed morning cortisol and DHEAS to be best predictors of AI (P=0.004 and 0.028, respectively).

Interpretation & conclusions:

AI is a significant problem in HIV-infected individuals, observed in nearly a quarter of patients. Diagnosis warrants high index of suspicion and low threshold for screening, especially in those having low DHEAS and hyperkalaemia. Morning cortisol is a reasonable screening test, with ACTH stimulation warranted to confirm diagnosis, especially in patients with morning cortisol <11 μg/dl (300 nmol/l).
El discurso reproducido como indicador del pluralismo interno de los medios de comunicación: el caso de los telediarios de TVE y TV3
Authors: García Asensio María Ángeles , Aguilar Paredes Carlos , Jiménez Iglesias Lucía , Ruiz Moreno Cristina , Sánchez Gómez Lydia
Published: May 2018

El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la incidencia del discurso reproducido en el tratamiento de la información política de los telediarios para estudiar su relevancia como indicador del grado de pluralismo interno. Metodología: Se realiza un análisis lingüístico y discursivo de las noticias políticas emitidas por dos televisiones públicas (TVE1 y TV3) en periodo preelectoral, y se compara el acceso a la narración periodística de voces representativas de la actividad política. A través de una metodología cuantitativa-cualitativa, secuencial y anidada se analiza el uso del discurso reproducido para representar las voces de los actores políticos. Resultados: Los resultados muestran desviaciones en la construcción de la imagen de los actores políticos y en la reproducción de sus discursos públicos. Discusión y Conclusiones: Se hace necesario incorporar el discurso reproducido como indicador de la calidad democrática del medio.
Нахождение подпространств решений уравнения Лапласа
и теплопроводности, изометрических пространствам действительных
функций, и некоторые их применения
Authors: Bushev D N , Kharkevich Yurij Iliodorovich
Published: May 2018

В работе выделены подпространства гармонических функций,
в верхней полуплоскости совпадающие с пространствами
сверток с ядром Абеля-Пуассона, подпространства решений
уравнения теплопроводности, совпадающие с пространствами
сверток с ядром Гаусса-Вейерштрасса и изометричные
соответственным пространствам действительных функций,
определенных на множестве действительных чисел.
Показано, что вследствие изометричности основные
аппроксимационные характеристики функций и классов
функций в этих подпространствах равны соответственным
аппроксимационным характеристикам функций и классов
функций от одного переменного.
Библиография: 18 названий.
Аффинные почтикольца и связанные с ними структуры
Authors: Howell K.-Th , Chistyakov Denis Sergeevich
Published: May 2018

В данной работе изучаются аффинные почтикольца, категории модулей
над аффинными почтикольцами и ассоциированные с ними объекты.
Библиография: 17 названий.
Аксиоматизация и полиномиальная разрешимость
строго позитивных фрагментов некоторых модальных логик
Authors: Svyatlovskiy Mikhail Vladimirovich
Published: May 2018

Рассматривается фрагмент языка модальной логики,
состоящий из импликаций $A\to B$, где $A$ и $B$ построены
из переменных и константы $\top$ (истина) с помощью связок $\wedge$
и $\diamondsuit_1, \diamondsuit_2, …, \diamondsuit_m$.
Для полимодальной логики $S5_m$
(логики $m$ отношений эквивалентности) и логики $K4.3$
(логики иррефлексивных линейных порядков) найдена
аксиоматизация таких фрагментов и доказана
их алгоритмическая разрешимость за полиномиальное время.
Библиография: 23 названия.
О двумерной ударной волне для модельной задачи
Authors: Palin Vladimir Vladimirovich
Published: May 2018

Для модификации системы уравнений мелкой воды
(система для двухкомпонентной смеси) доказано
существование неклассических (двумерных) ударных волн
в задаче Римана.
Библиография: 6 названий.
Об одной задаче Дубинина для емкости конденсатора
с конечным числом пластин
Authors: Dymchenko Yuriy Viktorovich , Shlyk Vladimir Alekseevich
Published: May 2018

В $n$-мерном евклидовом пространстве, $n\ge 2$, установлено, что
весовая емкость конденсатора (с весом Макенхаупта) с конечным
числом пластин равна весовому модулю соответствующей конфигурации
из конечного числа семейств кривых. При $n=2$ в конформном случае
указанное равенство дает решение одной задачи В. Н. Дубинина.
Библиография: 15 названий.
Теория Галуа, классификация конечных простых групп и всюду плотная обмотка тора
Authors: Kiselev Denis Dmitrievich
Published: May 2018

Изучается группа Галуа многочлена Зеликина-Локуциевского. Устанавливается, что в обобщенной задаче Фуллера существует оптимальное управление, проходящее за конечное время всюду плотную обмотку $k$-мерного тора для любого натурального $k\leqslant 249 994 914$. В предположении неприводимости над полем рациональных чисел многочленов Зеликина-Локуциевского
для почти всех простых степеней показывается, что существует оптимальное управление в обобщенной задаче Фуллера, проходящее за конечное время всюду плотную обмотку тора любой наперед заданной размерности. Рассматривается большое количество примеров.
Библиография: 7 названий.
Теоремы единственности рядов Франклина, сходящихся к интегрируемым функциям
Authors: Gevorkyan Gegham Grigor'evich
Published: May 2018

Доказаны утверждения: а) если ряд Франклина всюду сходится к всюду конечной интегрируемой функции, то является рядом Фурье-Франклина этой функции; б) если ряд Франклина всюду, кроме, быть может, некоторого счетного множества, сходится к всюду конечной интегрируемой функции и его коэффициенты удовлетворяют некоторому необходимому условию, то он является рядом Фурье-Франклина этой функции.
Библиография: 16 наименований.
Cloud droplet size distribution broadening during diffusional growth: ripening amplified by deactivation and reactivation
Authors: Yang Fan , Kollias Pavlos , Shaw Raymond A. , Vogelmann Andrew M.
Published: May 2018

Abstract. Cloud droplet size distributions (CDSDs), which are related to cloud albedo
and rain formation, are usually broader in warm clouds than predicted from
adiabatic parcel calculations. We investigate a mechanism for the CDSD
broadening using a moving-size-grid cloud parcel model that considers the
condensational growth of cloud droplets formed on polydisperse,
submicrometer aerosols in an adiabatic cloud parcel that undergoes vertical
oscillations, such as those due to cloud circulations or turbulence. Results
show that the CDSD can be broadened during condensational growth as a result
of Ostwald ripening amplified by droplet deactivation and reactivation, which
is consistent with early work. The relative roles of the solute effect,
curvature effect, deactivation and reactivation on CDSD broadening are
investigated. Deactivation of smaller cloud droplets, which is due to the
combination of curvature and solute effects in the downdraft region, enhances
the growth of larger cloud droplets and thus contributes particles to the
larger size end of the CDSD. Droplet reactivation, which occurs in the
updraft region, contributes particles to the smaller size end of the CDSD. In
addition, we find that growth of the largest cloud droplets strongly depends
on the residence time of cloud droplet in the cloud rather than the magnitude
of local variability in the supersaturation fluctuation. This is because the
environmental saturation ratio is strongly buffered by numerous smaller cloud
droplets. Two necessary conditions for this CDSD broadening, which generally
occur in the atmosphere, are as follows: (1) droplets form on aerosols of different
sizes, and (2) the cloud parcel experiences upwards and downwards motions.
Therefore we expect that this mechanism for CDSD broadening is possible in
real clouds. Our results also suggest it is important to consider both
curvature and solute effects before and after cloud droplet activation in a
cloud model. The importance of this mechanism compared with other mechanisms
on cloud properties should be investigated through in situ measurements and
3-D dynamic models.
Aerosol acidity in a megacity with high ambient temperature and relative humidity of Central China: temporal variation, determining factors and pollution transition effect
Authors: Zheng Mingming , Kong Shaofei , Bao Jianguo , Xu Ke , Zheng Shurui , Yang Guowei , Quan Jihong , Yuan Lianxin , Chen Nan , Tian Yiping , Zheng Huang , Wu Jian , Liu Dantong , Zhao Delong , Yan Qin , Zhao Tianliang , Qi Shihua
Published: May 2018

Abstract. Aerosol acidity affects the chemical transformation of aerosols and subsequent haze formation. High resolution (1-h) observation of water-soluble inorganic ions in fine particles, gaseous pollutants, and meteorological parameters was conducted from September 2015 to August 2016 at Wuhan, a megacity of Central China with high relative humidity and ambient temperature, compared with north Chinese cities. By adopting thermodynamic model ISOROPPIA-II, the aerosol acidity for different time scales, pollution episodes, and air mass directions was calculated. Aerosols in Wuhan were moderate acidic, with pH averaged as 3.30 ± 0.49. The aerosol acidity was higher in July (pH as 2.64 ± 0.31), September (pH as 2.75 ± 0.30) and August (pH as 2.79 ± 0.29), and lower in January (pH as 3.77 ± 0.28) and March (pH as 3.70 ± 0.16). It decreased with the air pollution increasing, with the pH values of 3.07 ± 0.45, 3.63 ± 0.27 and 3.84 ± 0.22 for clean, transition and polluted episodes, respectively. The air masses in Wuhan transported from North China exhibited higher aerosol acidity, with pH averaged as 3.17–3.22. The unique environmental and meteorological conditions (high humidity, annual averaged RH as 0.74 ± 0.13) lead to excess ammonium (on average of 6.06 ± 4.51 μg m−3) and abundant aerosol water content (AWC, on average of 71.0 ± 82.8 μg m−3) in Wuhan, which can explain the lower PM2.5 acidity in Wuhan than other megacities of China. At lower AWC level (less than ~ 15 μg m−3), the particle pH showed a decreasing trend with AWC increased. When the AWC continuous increased from ~ 15 to ~ 380 μg m−3, there was an obvious increase of particle pH. Then no significant growth of pH was found when AWC was higher than ~ 380 μg m−3. With atmospheric RH increasing, the aerosol pH exhibited decreasing trend firstly and then increased, with the turning point RH as about 0.48. There was a logarithmic growth of aerosol pH with total NHx (NH3 + NH4+) increasing. From the fitted logarithmic curve, the aerosol pH of Wuhan was at the range of pH rapid growth stage with NHx increasing, indicating that the control of ammonia emission in Wuhan could be an effective way to reduce the aerosol pH and further mitigate air pollution. This paper firstly obtained the aerosol acidity properties at a megacity under abundant ammonium and high humidity with high time-resolution, which is an important supplementary for the current aerosol acidity research around the world.
Acid gases and aerosol measurements in the UK (1999–2015): regional distributions and trends
Authors: Tang Y. Sim , Braban Christine F. , Dragosits Ulrike , Simmons Ivan , Leaver David , van Dijk Netty , Poskitt Janet , Thacker Sarah , Patel Manisha , Carter Heather , Pereira M. Glória , Keenan Patrick O. , Lawlor Alan , Conolly Christopher , Vincent Keith , Heal Mathew R. , Sutton Mark A.
Published: May 2018

Abstract. The UK Acid Gases and Aerosol Monitoring Network (AGANet) was established in 1999 (12 sites, increased to 30 sites from 2006), to provide long-term national monitoring of acid gases (HNO3, SO2, HCl) and aerosol components (NO3−, SO42−, Cl−, Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+). An extension of a low-cost denuder-filter pack system (DELTA) that is used to measure NH3 and NH4+ in the UK National Ammonia Monitoring Network (NAMN) provides additional monthly speciated measurements for the AGANet. A comparison of the monthly DELTA measurement with averaged daily results from an annular denuder system showed close agreement, while the sum of HNO3 and NO3− and the sum of NH3 and NH4+ from the DELTA are also consistent with previous filter pack determination of total inorganic nitrogen and total inorganic ammonium, respectively. With the exception of SO2 and SO42−, the AGANet provides for the first time the UK concentration fields for each of the other measured species. The ranges in site-annual mean concentrations (nmol m−3) in 2015 for the gases were: HNO3: 0.7–17; HCl: 2.4–21; SO2: 0.9–10, while those for aerosol were: NO3−: 6.3–53; Cl−: 22–89; SO42−: 2.2–11; Na+: 20–74; Ca2+:
Analysis of the performance of a ship-borne scanning wind lidar in
the Arctic and Antarctic
Authors: Zentek Rolf , Kohnemann Svenja H. E. , Heinemann Günther
Published: May 2018

Abstract. Profiles of wind speed and direction at high spatial and temporal resolution are fundamental meteorological quantities for studies of the atmospheric boundary layer. Ship-based Doppler lidar measurements can contribute to fill the data gap over oceans particularly in polar regions. In the present study a non-motion stabilized scanning Doppler lidar was operated on board of RV Polarstern in the Arctic (June 2014) and Antarctic (December–January 2015/2016). This is the first time that such a system measured on an icebreaker in the Antarctic. A method for a motion correction of the data in the post-processing is presented. The wind calculation is based on vertical azimuth display (VAD) scans with eight directions that pass a quality control. Additionally a method for an empirical signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) threshold is presented, which can be calculated for individual measurement setups. Lidar wind profiles are compared to total of about 120 radiosonde profiles and also to wind measurements of the ship. The performance of the lidar measurements in comparison with radio soundings shows generally small RMSD (bias) for wind speed of around 1 m s−1 (0.1 m s−1) and for wind direction of around 12° (6°). The postprocessing of the non-motion stabilized data shows a comparable good quality as studies with motion stabilized systems. Two case studies show that a flexible change of SNR can be beneficial for special situations. Further the studies reveal that short-lived Low-Level Jets in the atmospheric boundary layer can be captured by lidar measurements with a high temporal resolution in contrast to routine radio soundings. The present study shows that a non-motion stabilized Doppler lidar can be operated successfully on an icebreaker. It presents a processing chain including quality control tests and error quantification, which is useful for further measurement campaigns.
In situ evidence of mineral physical protection and carbon stabilization revealed by nanoscale 3-D tomography
Authors: Weng Yi-Tse , Wang Chun-Chieh , Chiang Cheng-Cheng , Tsai Heng , Song Yen-Fang , Huang Shiuh-Tsuen , Liang Biqing
Published: May 2018

Abstract. An
approach for nanoscale 3-D tomography of organic carbon (OC) and associated
mineral nanoparticles was developed to illustrate their spatial distribution
and boundary interplay, using synchrotron-based transmission X-ray microscopy
(TXM). The proposed 3-D tomography technique was first applied to in situ
observation of a laboratory-made consortium of black carbon (BC) and nanomineral
(TiO2, 15 nm), and its performance was evaluated using dual-scan
(absorption contrast and phase contrast) modes. This novel tool was then
successfully applied to a natural OC–mineral consortium from mountain
soil at a spatial resolution of 60 nm, showing the fine structure and
boundary of OC, the distribution of abundant nano-sized minerals, and the 3-D
organo-mineral association in situ. The stabilization of 3500-year-old
natural OC was mainly attributed to the physical protection of nano-sized
iron (Fe)-containing minerals (Fe oxyhydroxides including ferrihydrite, goethite,
and lepidocrocite), and the strong organo-mineral complexation. In situ
evidence revealed an abundance of mineral nanoparticles, in dense thin layers
or nano-aggregates/clusters, instead of crystalline clay-sized minerals on or
near OC surfaces. The key working minerals for C stabilization were reactive
short-range-order (SRO) mineral nanoparticles and poorly crystalline
submicron-sized clay minerals. Spectroscopic analyses demonstrated that the
studied OC was not merely in crisscross co-localization with reactive SRO
minerals; there could be a significant degree of binding between OC and the
minerals. The ubiquity and abundance of mineral nanoparticles on the OC
surface, and their heterogeneity in the natural environment may have been
severely underestimated by traditional research approaches. Our in situ
description of organo-mineral interplay at the nanoscale provides direct
evidence to substantiate the importance of mineral physical protection for
the long-term stabilization of OC. This high-resolution 3-D tomography
approach is a promising tool for generating new insight into the interior 3-D
structure of micro-aggregates, the in situ interplay between OC and minerals,
and the fate of mineral nanoparticles (including heavy metals) in natural
environments.
Factors Affecting Learning Performance of Accounting Information System
Authors: Lai Yung-Yu , Chiu AnAn
Published: May 2018

Due to the advancement of computer and information technology (IT), integrating the information and computing technology into the Accounting curriculum is one of the critical issues. This paper discusses whether the learning attitude towards information technology and the major in which these students enrolled will affect their respective learning performance based on testing results obtained from the questionnaire of the Accounting Information System Contest. Important findings include the following items: 1) Different learning attitude may affect the learning performance; 2) There is a significant difference in terms of the subjects of academic content and associated skills in the Contest for the participated candidates enrolled in different majors. From the results, it is notable that academic institutions should train instructors to help students develop better critical and creative skills required for pursuing their future profession and redesign the curriculum to integrate more relevant, practical skills in the emerging technology and Accounting knowledge areas. In addition, businesses should provide distinctive job training for employees from/with different education backgrounds to help them become more quickly adapted to the job.
The Motivational Potential of Human Resource Development: Relationships Between Perceived Opportunities for Professional Development, Job Crafting and Work Engagement
Authors: Nipper Naomi Grosze , Wingerden Jessica van , Poell Rob
Published: May 2018

The importance of work engagement for organizational success in a rapidly changing economy has been emphasized in literature for several decades. A possible strategy for organizations to strengthen employees’ work engagement may be related to their professional development. Based on the job crafting and job demands-resources literatures, we hypothesize that perceived opportunities for professional development have a positive relationship with work engagement and that this relationship is partially mediated by employees’ job crafting behavior. To test the hypothesized relationships, we conducted a bootstrapping analysis using a sample of 859 employees working in various sectors and organizations in The Netherlands. The outcomes revealed that job crafting partially mediated the relationship between perceived opportunities for professional development and employees’ work engagement. More specifically, two job crafting strategies were the strongest mediators in the relationship between perceived opportunities for professional development and work engagement, namely increasing structural job resources and increasing challenging job demands. Theoretical contributions, limitations, suggestions for future research and practical implications are discussed.
A Comparison of Marital Satisfaction of Mothers Raising a Child with Intellectual Disability versus a Child with Autism Disorder in Bahrain: Mixed Method Study
Authors: Al-Shirawi Mariam E.
Published: May 2018

The purpose of the current mixed method study was to explore marital satisfaction of mothers raising children with Intellectual disability (I.D), or Autism disorder Children (A.D).The participants were thirty seven mothers, 21 of them had a child with autism disorder and 16 had a child with Intellectual disability. Twenty two of the mothers participated in the semi-structured interviews using the marital satisfaction questionnaire (MSQ) which is a self-report questionnaire prepared to assess marital satisfaction. The results reported 70% of the mothers had high level marital satisfaction. Results showed no significant difference in the level of marital satisfaction between mothers of children with (I.D) and mothers of children with (A.D).  The regression analyses indicated that social support, significantly predicted mothers' marital satisfaction, while other variables (income, child birth order, gender of a child, age of a child, age of mother, age of husband, social support, marital years) were not found to be influential in predicting marital satisfaction. Qualita­tive thematic analysis showed that most of the mothers have a high level of marital satisfaction and received support from their husbands, their families and their mothers’ in-law, as well as support from professional specialists like pediatricians, psychologists, special education teachers and some friends.
Lingering: Pleasure, Desire, and Life in Kant's Critique of Judgment
Authors: Lehman Robert
Published: May 2018

This article examines a notion of desire that, I claim, is implicit in Immanuel Kant's theorization of aesthetic judgment in the Critique of Judgment (1790). After first using Joyce's 1916 novel A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man to bring the issue into focus, I turn in the second section of the article to Kant's third Critique, emphasizing Kant's relationship to the traditional notion of desire. In the third section, I focus on Kant's alternative—his aesthetic—conception of desire and on the role played by “life” in this conception. In the final section of the essay, I look briefly at the relevance of the aesthetic conception of desire to our contemporary understanding of the relationship between desire and pleasure.
“Diversity” as “Poise”: Toward a Renewed “Ethics of Diversity”
Authors: Banerjee Amrita
Published: May 2018

With an increasing number of institutions of higher education committing to it, “diversity” figures heavily in contemporary academic contexts. This essay is a philosophical interrogation of diversity as an analytical-normative category. I argue that the concept has at least two distinctive layers. The first and widely prevalent layer captures its definition in terms of “composition.” This essay focuses on a second layer, which conceptualizes diversity as “poise.” I define “poise” as the ability to convert “visible” difference into “presence.” I find certain insights from the thought of Josiah Royce very helpful in beginning to develop the vocabulary of presence, which then goes on to form the basis of the concept of poise as I articulate it. Developing poise calls for a certain kind of “institutional agency,” and I find aspects of a Roycean understanding of the relation between individual and community insightful in this regard. I argue that diversity as a matter of poise calls for a distinct “ethics of diversity,” which involves, among other things, the building of “diversity competence.” While aspects of my analysis are inspired by the philosophy of Josiah Royce, my philosophical approach to diversity also moves beyond a Roycean paradigm.
Toward a Peircean Approach to Perlocution
Authors: Gaspard Jeoffrey
Published: May 2018

In this article I propose to interpret Austin's conception of perlocution in light of Peirce's philosophy of signs, through the lens of his notions of thirdness and speculative rhetoric in particular. I suggest that the traditional notion of speech genre, examined within the context of Peirce's semiotic framework, can make sense of the regularities and predictability that are characteristic of a large part of our discursive practices. More specifically, I argue that crystallized “habits of interpretation,” correlated to purposeful speech genres instantiated in given circumstances of enunciation, could be construed as predetermining the range of future interpretive conduct. In that perspective, this process of determination could be thus conceived as relatively predictable, at least for communication situations activating well-defined speech genres. In the end, I suggest that Peirce's conception of rhetoric draws attention to the necessarily constrained interpretive habits of our discursive life, yielding an original perspective on the notion of perlocution.
Recuperating the Real: New Materialism, Object-Oriented Ontology, and Neo-Lacanian Ontical Cartography
Authors: Cates Caleb , Bruner M. Lane , Moss Joseph T.
Published: May 2018

To address challenges to the primacy of the subject in speculative realism, we put Levi R. Bryant's object-oriented ontology in conversation with Jacques Lacan's register theory. In so doing, we recuperate an autonomous materiality for itself, providing a reading of the debate between Slavoj Žižek and Ernesto Laclau over the Lacanian Real and simultaneously providing a rich map of the being of subjectivity and modes of the rhetorical. We systematize Žižek's claim that each element of the register resonates with the others to produce an ontical cartography: a map of the different intersections of the materially autonomous Real with the Symbolic and Imaginary elements of the Lacanian subject. By delimiting the characteristics of these intersections, we can better understand the different valences in which rhetoric operates without foreclosing the agency of objects and the objectivity of subjects.
Measuring the Delivery of Complex Interventions through Electronic Medical Records:
Challenges and Lessons Learned
Authors: Prusaczyk Beth , Fabbre Vanessa , Carpenter Christopher R. , Proctor Enola
Published: May 2018

Background: Health services and implementation researchers often seek to capture
the implementation process of complex interventions yet explicit guidance on how to
capture this process is limited. Medical record review is a commonly used methodology,
especially when used as a proxy for provider behavior, with recognized benefits and
limitations. The purpose of this study was to test the feasibility of chart review to
measure implementation and offer recommendations for future researchers using this
method to capture the implementation process.Methods: Grounded in qualitative research
methods, we measured the implementation of a transitional care intervention for older
adults with dementia being discharged from the hospital. We adapted the
operationalization of the intervention’s components to suit chart review methods, sought
input from hospital providers before and after data collection, and assessed the
agreement between the results of our chart review and provider-report.Findings: We
believe chart review can be used effectively as a method for capturing the
implementation process and provide future researchers with a list of recommendations
based on our experience including understanding the nuance between data extraction
versus data abstraction, allowing for large amounts of data not pre-specified in the
data collection instrument to be collected, and purposefully and iteratively engaging
the providers who are entering data into the chart.Major Themes: Measuring the
implementation of complex interventions is a cornerstone in health services research and
with the relative convenience and low costs of using chart data, we believe with more
use and refinement this methodology could emerge as a valuable and widely used method in
the field.
O cordel como um gênero do discurso presente em materiais didáticos em uma perspectiva da variação linguística
Authors: Yida Vanessa
Published: May 2018

Este trabalho pretende traçar um paralelo entre os estudos variacionistas e a teoria dos gêneros discursivos por meio da análise do gênero cordel trabalhado em materiais didáticos e sua relação com a valorização da variação linguística regional, a fim de atuar na eliminação de possíveis preconceitos linguísticos. Para tanto, foram analisados dois materiais didáticos de Língua Portuguesa que contemplam as práticas discursivas com o gênero discursivo cordel, a saber: i) 8º ano da Coleção Tecendo Linguagens, da Editora IBEP (2012) – versão governo, aprovado no PNLD 2014; ii) 7º ano do Projeto Athos: língua portuguesa, da Editora FTD (2014) – versão mercado. A fim de nortear o trabalho, foram delineadas as seguintes perguntas de pesquisa: i) É possível observar nos materiais didáticos estudados pressupostos bakhtinianos articulados à noção de gêneros do discurso?; ii) O trabalho didático com o cordel presente nos materiais didáticos focalizados apresenta ou não a valorização do dialeto da região de onde ele se origina?; iii) Como se articula didaticamente o registro linguístico empregado nos cordéis com os estudos da Sociolinguística Educacional?; iv) O trabalho didático com o gênero cordel foi abordado de forma a eliminar preconceitos linguísticos? Como instrumentos de pesquisa, foram utilizadas a pesquisa e análise do gênero cordel nos materiais didáticos aliadas à luz das teorias discursivas de Bakhtin (2006), do interacionismo sócio-discursivo de Bronckart (2003), os estudos variacionistas de Labov (2008), e na perspectiva da Socioliguística Educacional de Bagno (2007) e Bortoni-Ricardo (2013). De modo geral, foi possível observar algumas reminiscências da articulação com os pressupostos bakhtinianos em relação aos gêneros discursivos; contudo, esses materiais apresentam uma abordagem aquém da variação linguística enquanto característica constitutiva do gênero cordel.
Violência simbólica e ideologia: diálogos entre Bourdieu e Fairclough
Authors: Souza Marta Gresechen Paiter Luzia de
Published: May 2018

Esta pesquisa bibliográfica articula os conceitos de violência simbólica (BOURDIEU, 1986; 1989; 1991; 2009) e ideologia (FAIRCLOUGH, 1989; 1999a; 1999b; 2003) com a finalidade de (1) traçar aspectos de contiguidade e/ou distância entre ambas noções teóricas;  (2) analisar a importância/predominância desses conceitos para a área de Estudos da(e) Lingua(gem); e (3) avaliar (res)significações das noções apresentadas no contexto de produção teórica brasileira. Para alcançar tais objetivos, realizei uma busca no Banco de Teses (CAPES), e, após determinados critérios de seleção, desenvolvi uma análise de conteúdo (BARDIN, 2011) com foco nas categorias temáticas, ou seja, nas noções conceituais de violência simbólica e ideologia. Os resultados da análise demostram que os mencionados conceitos tem contribuído para (a) repensar práticas de dominação em contextos de seleção para curso de pós-graduação; (b) refletir acerca de traços ideológicos que interpelam a constituição identitária de educadores/as; e (c) questionar a atuação social de instituições (como a mídia) na (re)produção de dominação no processo de construção identitária (sociossexual) da mulher brasileira.
The importance of social interaction activities in the teaching-learning process of English as a Foreign Language
Authors: Sousa Laryssa Paulino de Queiroz , Figueredo Carla Janaina
Published: May 2018

Este estudo foi realizado em uma escola estadual de Goiânia, em Goiás, Brasil, com quinze alunos de um grupo de terceiro ano do ensino médio, em 2014. As principais ideias que conduziram este estudo giram em torno da importância da interação no processo de ensino-aprendizagem de língua inglesa, a presença do outro e autonomia/autorregulação dos alunos. A base teórica da pesquisa provém do dialogismo bakhtiniano (BAKHTIN, 1993, 2003; BARROS, 1997; BRAIT, 2005), do sociointeracionismo vigotskiano (VYGOTSKY, 1978; MOLL, 1990; LANTOLF; APPEL, 1994; REGO, 1995) e dos pensamentos freireanos (FREIRE, 1996, 2005) que dizem respeito ao posicionamento dos estudantes como agentes de sua própria aprendizagem. Os objetivos gerais foram: averiguar as percepções dos aprendizes-participantes em relação ao processo de ensino-aprendizagem de inglês, antes e depois das intervenções; observar como diferentes formas de interação social (P-A, P-As, A-P, A-A, As-As, As-P) podem interferir em aulas de inglês de um grupo do terceiro ano de uma escola estadual; e descrever como a professora-pesquisadora percebe a experiência de ensinar inglês com seu foco voltado para a interação social. A metodologia usada é a pesquisa-ação qualitativa (THIOLLENT, 1986; ENGEL, 2000; MELLO; REES, 2011) e os instrumentos utilizados para gerar os dados foram questionários, notas de campo e entrevistas. Os resultados mostram que os alunos puderam perceber o inglês como língua possível de ser apropriada por eles, usada para comunicar, e também puderam reconhecer a importância do outro no processo de ensino-aprendizagem. Ademais, a professora-pesquisadora pôde perceber que aulas interativas e efetivas foram possíveis naquela escola pública.
Molecular diagnosis of Ehrlichia canis infection in dogs with uveitis
Authors: Veloso Jéssica Fontes , Sauer Leonardo , Oriá Arianne Pontes , Gomes Junior Deusdete Conceição , Raposo Ana Cláudia Santos , Andrade Camila Fernanda Oliveira , Oliveira Thais Nascimento de Andrade , Carlos Renata Santiago Alberto
Published: May 2018

Canine monocytic ehrlichiosis (CME) is an infectious disease caused by a gram-negative bacterium Ehrlichia canis that has a high global prevalence that leads to high rates of morbidity and mortality in dogs. Among the clinical changes, ophthalmic diseases can lead to permanent blindness and it can be an important clinical sign. The objective of this study was to perform nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to diagnose E. canis infection in dogs with bilateral uveitis from the Veterinary Hospital of the Santa Cruz State University. Blood samples were collected and DNA for the molecular diagnosis was extracted from 66 adult dogs of both genders and mixed breeds diagnosed with bilateral uveitis. Thirty-five (53%) dogs showed positive results and presented with iridocyclitis, posterior uveitis, panuveitis, or uveitis with secondary glaucoma. This study demonstrates that nested PCR is an important tool for the differential diagnosis of dogs with bilateral uveitis, as it provides evidence of the infectious agent in the animal.
Occurrence and risk factors of zoonoses in dogs and owners in Sertão, Paraíba State, Northeastern Brazil
Authors: Fernandes Annielle Regina da Fonseca , Costa Diego Figueiredo da , Pimenta Carla Lauise Rodrigues Menezes , Araújo Kamila Nunes de , Silva Raizza Barros Sousa , Melo Márcia Almeida , Langoni Hélio , Mota Rinaldo Aparecido , Azevedo Sérgio Santos
Published: May 2018

Seropositivity and risk factors for visceral leishmaniasis, Chagas disease, toxoplasmosis, and leptospirosis were investigated in 200 dogs and twenty-three owners in a municipality with a history of human cases of visceral leishmaniasis and toxoplasmosis in the region of Sertão, Paraíba State, Northeastern Brazil. In dogs, frequencies of 6% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.7-9.3%), 7.5% (95% CI = 3.8-11.2%), 18% (95% CI = 12.7-23.3%), and 14% (95% CI = 9.2-18.8%) were found for visceral leishmaniasis, Chagas disease, toxoplasmosis, and leptospirosis, respectively. An age of over 72 months and environment conditions (soil) were identified as risk factors for Leishmania chagasi infection. Free housing was identified as risk factor for Trypanosoma cruzi infection. For toxoplasmosis, free housing and contact with cats were found to be risk factors, while commercial food was a risk factor for leptospirosis. Of the twenty-three owners who agreed to participate in the study, eight were tested for leishmaniasis, three for Chagas disease, nine for toxoplasmosis, eleven for leptospirosis, and five were tested for more than one disease. Only anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies were found in the human population at a frequency of 44.4% (4/9); for all other diseases, all individuals were negative. The results indicate that such zoonoses are present in dogs from the studied region, but only toxoplasmosis was found in the owners. Our risk analysis suggests that cleaner soil, better storage of dog food, and avoiding free housing can reduce the risk of infection by these diseases.
Seroprevalence of caseous lymphadenitis in goats sold in an animal fair in the northeastern semi-arid region of Brazil
Authors: Alves José Romero Alexandre , Farias Areano Ethério Moreira de , Lima Geilson Manoel de Souza , Limeira Clecio Henrique , Alves Francisco Selmo Fernandes , Pinheiro Raymundo Rizaldo , Faccioli-Martins Patrícia Yoshida , Azevedo Sérgio Santos de , Alves Clebert Jose
Published: May 2018

Goat farming in the northeastern regions of Brazil plays an important role in the socio-economic functions of the country. However, high rates of morbidity and mortality occur in the animals, caused primarily by infectious diseases like caseous lymphadenitis, which is widespread in goat herds; this causes serious economic losses to the farming business. Although events such as animal fairs are common in the region, wherein most of the goats and sheep are sold, the risk of disease transmission remains, since the health condition of the animal is unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of anti-Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis antibodies present in the goats sold at the animal fair of Tabira - PE, Northeastern semi-arid. Serum samples from 233 goats were collected from the period of November 2014 to June 2015. The diagnosis of infection by C. pseudotuberculosis was made using the indirect ELISA technique. The number of goats seropositive for C. pseudotuberculosis was identified as 87 (37.34%; 95% CI = 31.38 - 43.71%). Of the nine flocks evaluated, five (55.55%) were positive. Thus, it is suggested that infection by C. pseudotuberculosis is widespread in the goats sold at the animal fairs in the semi-arid Northeastern, reinforcing the need for disease diagnosis in goat herds in the region for the possible implementation of disease control programs.