bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Practical Exploration on Ideological and Political Construction of Curriculum in Higher Vocational Colleges under the Background of Internet —— Taking Chinese Tea Culture as an Example
Authors: Gao Xiang , Yang Shuchen , Li Shanshan
Published: February 2021

With the development of information technology, the communication between people is becoming more and more convenient, and the educational resources and teaching methods in colleges and universities are becoming more and more diversified. However, the conflict between ideology and mainstream values brought by open network environment often puzzles college students and seriously affects the development of their cognitive and moral level. Tea culture, as an important cultural resource, plays an important supporting role in moral construction and world civilization construction. Through excavating the ideological and political elements of tea culture, this paper systematically analyzes the application value of tea culture in ideological and political construction. On this basis, this paper makes full use of the platform and technical advantages of the Internet, puts forward the practical path of ideological and political construction in higher vocational colleges, and points out the direction for the development of higher vocational colleges and the cultivation of talents.
On the Development Community of Foreign Language Teachers in Colleges and Universities Based on the Internet
Authors: Liu Juan , Ni Kun
Published: February 2021

With the continuous development and progress of science and technology in China, more and more schools and teachers are beginning to combine the "Internet" technology for teaching. Under the background of the Internet, teachers should strive to create a relaxed, equal and democratic atmosphere in the classroom, so that they can impart knowledge to students well and students can master it better. In campus, both tacit knowledge and explicit knowledge need teachers to keep pace with the times, give full play to the advantages of computer and Internet, and effectively impart knowledge to students. By the combination of "Internet" and foreign language teaching in colleges and universities, the community teaching mode has made the foreign language curriculum in colleges and universities better developed. Under the background of "Internet ", the community construction of teachers' professional development makes teachers' professional development closely related to the Internet, which is the inevitable trend of teachers' professional development.
Research on the Practice of Pension Finance under the Background of Digital Economy
Authors: Deng Da , Li Huafeng
Published: February 2021

The rapid growth of the aging population makes China's aging problem more serious. Due to the lack of material basis and the low degree of socialization of the existing pension security mechanism, it is difficult to meet the needs of the residents, so we can only rely on the policies issued by the government and relevant departments. Under the new situation, the solution of pension problem depends on the development of finance to a great extent, and the pension problem has been put on the agenda. With the outbreak of the world financial crisis in 2008, digital economy came into being and developed rapidly. As a new economic form, digital economy is becoming the main driving force of economic development efficiency change, quality change and dynamic change. In order to solve the practical development problems of pension finance in China, this research is carried out. Based on the above background, this study combines the actual situation of China's pension finance, introduces digital economy into China's pension finance, and further develops the practical problems of China's pension finance with the help of digital economy. This study investigates the current situation of China's pension finance, and through the analysis of the survey results, puts forward suggestions for the development of pension finance in China, so as to provide certain reference for the design and formulation of policies.
Nostalgia-Driven Design and Digitalization of Brand Spokes-Characters for Generation Z
Authors: Jiang Huanshu , Yao Jie , Cheng Peiyao , Hou Shumeng
Published: February 2021

Generation Z, as the first generation growing up in the environment of globalization, has emerged as a new important consumer group worldwide. Compared with other generations, members of Generation Z possess some notable characteristics such as lower brand loyalty and less interest in mainstream products. Meanwhile, they also display a strong tendency to nostalgia, which has been a widelyused theme in marketing and proved to enhance consumers' brand attitudes and purchasing intentions. Based on the unique preferences and needs of Generation Z, this study explored the innovative strategy of nostalgia-driven design of brand spokes-characters and related digitalization, which are popular design elements in brand promotion and advertising. Through a multi-method qualitative approach (including user interviews, creative exercises, and content analysis), it provided important consumer insights into the attitudes of Generation Z on brand spokes-characters that can trigger nostalgia, as well as their preferences for design strategies focusing on two types of nostalgia, i.e., personal nostalgia and historical nostalgia. Given the special preference of Generation Z for story-based brand spokes-characters, this study also emphasized the value of advanced digital media technology for creating truly nostalgic story scenes that could continue to impress consumers. Such findings have formed an important basis for ongoing quantitative studies that further examine the effectiveness of nostalgia-driven design for Generation Z.
Research on FUI Style Design of Big Data Information Visualization
Authors: Liu Tao
Published: February 2021

The purpose of the article is as follows, studying the FUI style of the interface for big data information visualization design among various styles of visualization interface in the 21st century. There are three research methods in this paper. Firstly, combing the concept of FUI and summarizing the design features of FUI style interface of big data information visualization from the perspective of design psychology. Secondly, the characteristics of government business big data information visualization and the needs of users are analyzed. Finally, the FUI design style is used in the government business big data information visualization display interface design. The FUI style presentation mode of big data information visualization and the dynamic interaction mode of FUI style interface are discussed. The conclusion is as follows, FUI is more in line with the people's psychological expectation of "future technology visual style" in big data information visualization display, highlighting the FUI data display focus on the prediction function of future events; FUI achieves visual balance through reasonable typesetting, comfortable color matching, uniform decorative shapes, etc. In terms of visual display, it not only meets the requirements of data display design, but also achieves the visual unity of partial data display design and overall data display. FUI mostly adopts flat design and simple dynamic interaction design, which conforms to users' gesture operation and people's visual browsing behavior habits in the era of mobile Internet, and meanwhile improves the utilization rate of single screen display of government departments.
Research on the Protection Predicament and Digital Breakthrough Path of Rural Architecture in Shandong
Authors: Liu Qiang , Shi Nan
Published: February 2021

Rural arechitecture, as an important carrier of rural areas, faces the huge impact of modern life style and construction mode, and there is a crisis of cognitive degradation and loss of skills. with the continuous promotion of rural revitalization, the crisis of its protection and inheritance is increasingly serious, and the disadvantages of the single inheritance mode of oral transmission and personal transmission and personal transmission are also gradually revealed. In this predicament, how to innovate the inheritance of traditional skills has become an urgent problem to be solved. In the era when digital technology has penetrated into every field of modern life and become a technology booster, this paper intends to use digital technology and take the construction technology of rural architecture in Shandong province as the entry point to solve the dilemma faced by rural architecture and study the effective way of its digital inheritance and development.
Research on Virtual Reality Display of Ceramic Products
Authors: Bao Chen , Sheng Bi
Published: February 2021

With the synchronized development of computer and communication technology and the rapid rise and popularization of phase network technology, information application system has achieved a qualitative leap in breadth and depth. As a technical medium, virtual reality display provides a wedge machine for the development of different domains, including the ceramic domain. The employ of virtual reality technology to display ceramic products enable users to integrate into virtual products and virtual scenes, and interact with the exhibits in the scene at any time, which provides convenience for the display of ceramic products, thus promoting the development of ceramic industry and the spread of ceramic culture.
Influence of digital application on the development of public ceramics
Authors: Zhou Xiaoping , Liu Yanmin , Xiaobo Lian , Zixuan Zixuan , zhihong Chen
Published: February 2021

Since the 1980s, China's public ceramic art has been greatly expanded and improved due to the influence of multiple western art trends, the conscious promotion of public awareness, and the imbalance between economic development and spiritual demands. With the advent of the digital era, digital application has become increasingly mature in the field of public ceramics. Digital application has a profound impact on the modeling, production process, process control and ceramic printing of public ceramics.
Study on Diversity and Protection Countermeasures of Zhongshan Park in Wuhan City
Authors: He Shijing , Dou Tingting
Published: February 2021

Park green space is an important part of garden green space, concentrated expression of the diversity of urban plants. In order to explore the diversity of plants in the park, a typical site in Zhongshan Park in Wuhan was selected for this survey. The species importance, richness index, diversity index and evenness index were used to analyze the characteristics of plant diversity.There are a total of 184 plants of 114 genera and 64 families in Wuhan Zhongshan Park. Among them, there are 86 species of plants of 40 families and 64 genera, 60 species of plants of 26 families and 38 genera, and 26 species of herbs, 11 families and 15 genera.The richness was herb layer > tree layer > shrub layer.Pielou uniformity was herb layer > tree layer > shrub layer;Shannon-wiener diversity was herb layer > tree layer > shrub layer.Simpson diversity was herb layer > tree layer > shrub layer.The diversity of herbaceous plants in the park is high, and the index of shrub layer is generally low, with few species. Plants in the park grow well, some plants are not evenly distributed.
Factors influencing electrochemically enhanced sacrificial anode phosphate recovery
Authors: Zhou Xiaoyan , Zhang Gang , Shi Haijian
Published: February 2021

The recovery of phosphate from wastewater has been attracting increasing attention. In this study, the technology of an electrochemically enhanced sacrificial anode was applied to investigate the phosphate recovery process from sewage. The experimental results indicated that, when residence times ranged from 20 to 120 s, and phosphate removal efficiencies ranged from 24.65% to 95.27%. When the current density ranged from 10 to 70 A/m2, the phosphate removal efficiencies ranged from 56.73% to 95.17%. When the plate spacing ranged from 1 to 5 cm, the phosphate removal efficiencies ranged from 83.48% to 9.48%. The experimental results confirm the conclusions of this study about controlling operational factors in practical applications to increase phosphate removal efficiencies.
Analysis of Air Pollutant concentration change trend in Urumqi city under the condition of city closed in winter
Authors: Zhang Haizhen , Wei Jiang
Published: February 2021

During the epidemic period, Urumqi has been sealed off from the city’s management, just as “suspended” state.From an environmental point of view, the reduction of energy consumption during the closure of the city can be considered as an energy control to study the resulting reduction of atmospheric pollutant concentration changes.In this paper, the monitoring data of air pollutant concentration in the same period of city closure and normal years are compared, and the results show that the air pollutant concentration has decreased in different degrees during the period of city closure.The largest decrease was44.66% for NO2, -40.13% for CO, -36.44% for PM2.5, and the smallest was-2.06% for SO2.Multivariate analysis of variance showed that energy control had a significant effect on the concentration of pollutants during the city closure, for example NO2 (F=128.96, Sig.=0.000), PM10 (F=29.58, Sig=0.000), PM2.5 (F=13.98, Sig.=0.000), CO(F=46.34;Sig.=0.000). Through the analysis of the data, it can be concluded that the air quality of Urumqi in winter is poor and the concentration of pollutants is high. The energy control during the closing period played a positive role in pollutant emission reduction and effectively improved the quality of atmospheric environment.
Green Development Assessment of a Stainless-steel Industrial Park Based on Material Flow Analysis (MFA)
Authors: Jia Zhijie , He Mengfan , Mou Junjie , Ge Geng , Yang Quanhui , Liu Wei
Published: February 2021

Based on the material flow analysis method, the green development index system of industrial park was constructed. By using the PSR model, 13 indexes were divided into pressure layer, state layer and response layer, the indexes were standardized, weight distribution and synthesis. The green development level of industrial park was divided into 5 grades combined with the pressure state response factors. The results show that the energy consumption per unit industrial output of a stainless-steel industrial park is 0.7116 tons of standard coal per million yuan, the water consumption per unit industrial output is 6.1466 cubic meters per million yuan, the wastewater discharge per unit industrial added value is 3.12 tons per million yuan, the reduction rate of carbon emissions per unit industrial added value is 19.53%, and the green development index is 0.65, which belongs to the third level of green development. The problems are reflected in particulate emission, resource recycling, energy efficiency, industrial structure, and park greening. In the future, the stainless-steel industrial park should focus on industrial restructuring and transformation, environmental protection infrastructure construction, new policy guidance, and ecological environment construction of the park.
Analysis of base characteristics of trench gate field termination IGBT
Authors: Wang Bo
Published: February 2021

Trench gate structure represents the latest structure of Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor(IGBT). Because there are great differences in model analysis coordinate system and carrier transport between trench gate structure and planar gate structure, the modeling method using planar gate structure will inevitably have great deviation. Based on the characteristics of trench gate structure and model analysis coordinate system, the base region is divided into PNP and PIN by considering the two-dimensional effect of carriers. According to whether the trench of PIN part can be covered by depletion layer of PNP part, the specific base region current is analyzed. Finally, simulation and experimental verification are carried out.
Research on Flocculation of Cement Particles in Water
Authors: Zuo Yanfeng , Zhang Yijie , Wang Dongmin
Published: February 2021

Nowadays, workability is absolutely necessary for piping concrete, which is influenced by characteristics of structure of fresh cement paste. In this paper, the movement of particles in electric field and flocculent units at different W/C were observed, and rheologic characteristics of fresh cement paste at different W/C and the pastes with naphthalene sulphonate (NS) and poly carboxylate (PC) superplasticizers were investigated using rotational viscometer (NXS-11A). It is found that at initial hydration age cement particles carry different electric quantity and electrical property; increment of W/C induces flocculent units more separated, less hysteresis loop area and lower crush point; application of superplasticizers brings much less loop area and indistinct crush point. It is concluded that 1) fresh cement paste is filled with flocculation units of different strength; 2) different units are connected with one another loosely; 3) tunnels for bleeding form in the weakest connecting area. Water can disperse flocculent units to some extent, especially for superplasticizers. However, the latter can’t separate flocculation of cement particles completely.
Study on the Leakage Damage Mechanism and Repair Technology of Shangmaji Weir
Authors: Gao Jing , Liu Xue-Ying , Lin Jiang-Yuan
Published: February 2021

As a type of dam with a long history and a wide range in the construction of water conservancy projects in my country, weir dams have the functions of flood control, irrigation and diversion. Due to the limitation of construction conditions and environment at that time, the treatment of weir and dam is not standardized enough, which leads to different degrees of problems in weir dam. Based on the example of Shangmaji weir, the article focuses on the analysis of the leakage damage mechanism of the weir, and proposes to choose the corresponding technology to repair it from two angles of the water-facing slope.
Seismic Damage Model of High-Strength Reinforced Concrete Frame Columns
Authors: Zhang Guojun
Published: February 2021

In this paper, several existing seismic damage models as well as their characteristics were discussed first of all. And then it was figured out that variational history of incremental dissipated hysteretic energy of tentative frame columns under different loading cycle levels; the influence of axial compression ratio, type of stirrups, stirrup ratio, reinforcement ratio, strength grade of concrete and shear span ration on the incremental dissipated hysteretic energy was discussed and analysed. The damage index of tentative frame columns was compared and analysed according to the existing seismic damage models, and the seismic damage models adapt to high-strength concrete columns and ordinary-strength concrete columns were offered. The influence of shear span ration, axial compression ratio and stirrup ratio on the damage was discussed and analysed according to the variational history of the damage index under different loading cycle levels. Lastly through analysing all sorts of seismic damage models comparatively, the seismic damage model of high strength concrete frame columns is put forward, which offers good basement for further damage analysis.
Analysis on the unit space design of primary and secondary school campus building teaching area
Authors: Tang Jitao , Zhang Yuan
Published: February 2021

This paper takes the teaching area unit space of primary and secondary schools as the main research object, analyzes, discusses and studies the reasonable use size of teaching unit space, commonly used space combination mode and internal detail design of education space, analyzes the actual use of various space units, and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of different design methods. Finally, from the perspective of teachers and students, combined with the analysis of specific project cases, this paper puts forward the optimization design strategy of school teaching unit space in line with the use requirements and architectural aesthetics.
Research on displacement prediction of shield tunneling through existing tunnel based on LSSVM
Authors: Wu Xianguo , Zeng Tiemei , Tao Yanyan , Chen Hongyu
Published: February 2021

The construction scale of the shield tunnel underpass is expanding day by day. In order to study the safety influence and deformation control of the shield tunnel underpass on the existing tunnel, the LSSVM model is established. Based on the collected soil storage pressure, foam volume, simultaneous grouting volume and other six shield construction parameters and corresponding sample data of the tunnel bottom displacement, the horizontal displacement and settlement displacement of the existing tunnel bottom caused by the approach construction are predicted. Taking a subway project as an example, the research results show that the prediction model of shield tunneling under the existing tunnel bottom level and settlement displacement has strong generalization ability and rapid and accurate prediction effect. This method can provide reference for similar projects.
Impact and Assessment of Urban Wind Environment Change on Architectural Heritage Protection
Authors: Yi Xiaolie , Zheng Lipeng
Published: February 2021

In view of the contradiction between urban construction and protection of architectural heritage, this paper analyzes the hidden dangers of wind and fire protection of architectural heritage from the perspective of wind environment impact of high-rise buildings. The wind environment simulation and fire simulation based on computational fluid dynamics are used to study the typical building heritage cases in Guangzhou. The wind environment indicators that affect the comfort, safety and fire development of the wind environment of the building heritage are explained, so as to form a strategy for evaluating the impact of wind environment of high-rise buildings on the protection of building heritage.
Study on the influence of fly ash and silica fume with different dosage on concrete strength
Authors: Guo Yin-Le , Liu Xue-Ying , Hu Yue-Ping
Published: February 2021

In order to improve the compressive strength of concrete, mineral admixtures can be added to concrete to replace part of the cement(C). Commonly used mineral admixtures include fly ash(FA) and silica fume(SF). Through a series of experiments, the effect of adding different amounts of fly ash and silica fume and double mixing on the strength of concrete was studied by using the same amount of substitute for cement under the same water-binder ratio. The results show that fly ash has a certain influence on improving the fluidity of concrete, and the influence on the strength of concrete is mainly in the later period; the influence of silica fume on the fluidity and strength of concrete is better than that of fly ash, and the main influence of silica fume is on the increase in strength. The early stage and the later stage are slower; the strength of concrete mixed with fly ash and silica fume at the same time increases first and then decreases with the increase of mineral admixtures.
Research on Design of the Landscape inside Mountain Torrent Basin Based on Ecological Restoration – Take the Research Base in Wenling City, Zhejiang Province as an Example
Authors: Zhang Zhihao , Ma Xidong
Published: February 2021

In order to reduce the ecological damage and economic loss caused by mountain torrent disasters in the flooded basin, it’s very important to realize the self-repair of the ecosystem in a short time. Based on the analysis of the causes of mountain torrents, this paper summarizes three main parts of ecological restoration in the river basin, including rainwater storage, Sedimentation and wetland conservation. Taking a research base in Wenling, Zhejiang Province as an example, this paper also discusses the design methods of the landscape inside mountain torrent basins based on ecological restoration from these parts above. Finally, these methods were obtained and applied in design practice, providing more solutions and theoretical references for the ecological restoration design in the future.
Research on outdoor environment renewal for the aged in residential area——A case study of a residential area in Jinan
Authors: Wang Yan , Wang Xiao
Published: February 2021

The model of home-based care in residential areas has gradually become an important way of providing for the aged in the age of aging in China, and more attention has been paid to the aging and renewal of existing residential areas.Taking the outdoor environment of residential areas as the research object, this paper analyses the environmental status quo of a residential area in Jinan through field investigation, and puts forward suggestions for aging renovation from the aspects of outdoor landscape system, road traffic system and supporting facilities of residential areas, so as to provide references for residential renovation.
Research on Landscape Architecture Design Based on Corporate Social Responsibilities
Authors: Zhang Xinying , Chen Wenjie
Published: February 2021

As the natural environment becomes growingly deteriorated, environmental protection becomes a global common concern. Landscape architecture (LA) is concerned about the relationship among humans, the built, and natural environments, so it is of special significance to study corporate social responsibilities (CSR) of LA firms. This paper studied CSR of LA firms from the perspective of landscape architects, i.e., this paper explored LA design based on corporate social responsibilities. CSR of LA firms was classified into economic responsibilities and green responsibilities, so this paper studied LA design based on economic responsibilities and green responsibilities respectively. This paper contributes to the existing study of LA design by innovatively adding corporate social responsibilities into the LA design philosophies.
Datenbrille in der außerklinischen Intensivpflege
Authors: Recken Heinrich , Janßen Marc
Published: February 2021

Fachkräftemangel und Arbeitsbelastung kennzeichnen die außerklinische Intensivpflege. Im Forschungsprojekt „Pflegebrille – Pflege mit Durchblick“ wurde untersucht, ob durch eine technische Unterstützung – Anwendung von Augmented Reality – die Pflegearbeit unterstützt und die Qualität der Versorgung verbessert werden kann.
40 Jahre AIDS: Die Geschichte einer Krankheit
Authors: Jüttemann A.
Published: February 2021

Vor 40 Jahren, im Frühjahr 1981, wurde das erste Mal vom US-amerikanischen Center for Disease Control and Prevention über eine neue Krankheit berichtet. Bei den Betroffenen fielen 2 parallele Syndrome auf: das sog. „Kaposi-Sarkom“ und die Pneumocystis carinii Pneumonie. Zunächst waren hauptsächlich Männer betroffen, die Sex mit Männern hatten. Die Erkrankung bezeichnete man zunächst als „Gay Related Immunodeficiency“, sie wurde aber in „Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome“ (AIDS) umbenannt, als sie gesamtgesellschaftlich relevant wurde. Ab 1983 konnte die mysteriöse Seuche auf das von Montagnier und Gallo entdeckte HI-Virus zurückgeführt werden. Zur unterschiedlichen Situation in BRD und DDR und zur öffentlichen Wahrnehmung von AIDS in den 1980er-Jahren wurden vom Autor 2 bekannte Dermatologen (aus Ost- und Westberlin) interviewt.

In der öffentlichen Medienwahrnehmung blieb die Krankheit bis heute eher eine Randgruppenkrankheit. Heute, nach 40 Jahren, ist AIDS behandelbar geworden. Es sind aber immer noch nicht alle Stigmatisierungen aufgehoben und Einschränkungen lassen sich z. B. noch in den Regularien zur Blutspende finden.
Refluxsymptomatik – kein Unterschied in Ausprägung und Schweregrad bei Patienten mit und ohne funktionell bewiesene gastroösophageale Refluxerkrankung
Authors: Grechenig Michael , Gruber Ricarda , Weitzendorfer Michael , von Rahden Burkhard H. A. , Widmann Bernhard , Emmanuel Klaus , Koch Oliver
Published: February 2021

Hintergrund Patienten mit gastroösophagealem Reflux (GERD) leiden oft sehr unter der Symptomatik. Im Rahmen unserer Studie galt es deshalb herauszufinden, ob sich die Lebensqualität und die Symptome bei Patienten mit objektiv nachgewiesener GERD von Patienten ohne funktionell bewiesenes Korrelat unterscheidet.

Material und Methoden Eingeschlossen wurden alle Patienten mit typischer Refluxsymptomatik, die 2017 an unserer Abteilung für Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Thoraxchirurgie hinsichtlich des Vorliegens einer GERD abgeklärt wurden. Alle Patienten erhielten eine hochauflösende Manometrie, 24-h-Impedanz-pH-Metrie und eine Gastroskopie. Die Lebensqualität wurde mittels Quality of Life Index (GIQLI) und die gastrointestinale Symptomatik mittels einer Symptomcheckliste (SCL) evaluiert. Mittels SCL wurde die Schwere und Intensität von 14 verschiedenen Symptomen eruiert. Basierend auf den Resultaten der 24-h-pH-Impedanzmessung wurden die Patienten in 2 Gruppen eingeteilt – Patienten mit gastroösophagealer Refluxerkrankung und Patienten mit rein funktioneller Symptomatik ohne organisches Korrelat. Diese Gruppen wurden miteinander verglichen.

Ergebnisse Ein vollständiger Datensatz war bei 162 Patienten verfügbar, wovon 86 Patienten (52,2%) objektiv an Reflux erkrankt waren (DeMeester-Mittelwert: 37,85; SD ± 29,11) und 76 Patienten (46,1%) einen unauffälligen DeMeester-Score (Mittelwert: 7,01; SD ± 4,09) aufwiesen. Zwischen diesen beiden Gruppen konnte kein signifikanter Unterschied in der Lebensqualität gefunden werden (Mittelwert GIQLI von GERD-Patienten: 94,81; SD ± 22,40; Mittelwert GIQLI von Patienten mit rein funktionellen Symptomen: 95,26; SD ± 20,33; p = 0,988). Außerdem konnte kein signifikanter Unterschied in der Symptomwahrnehmung der Patienten gefunden werden (Mittelwert SCL-Score von Refluxpatienten: 46,97; SD ± 29,23; Mittelwert SCL-Score bei Patienten mit rein funktioneller Symptomatik 48,03; SD ± 29,17; p = 0,827).

Schlussfolgerung Patienten mit funktionellen Refluxbeschwerden unterscheiden sich hinsichtlich des Leidensdrucks nicht von Patienten mit objektiv bewiesener Refluxerkrankung. Eine Differenzierung zwischen gastroösophagealer Refluxerkrankung und funktionellen Refluxsymptomen ist nur mittels Funktionsdiagnostik möglich.
Ungewöhnliche Ursache einer Hyperkalzämie in der Schwangerschaft
Authors: Mehl Lisa , Schrader Jörg , Winterberg Torsten , Daniels Thies , Gross Andreas , Weidner Ulrike , Clauditz Till Sebastian , Lock Guntram
Published: February 2021

Hintergrund In der Schwangerschaft diagnostizierte neuroendokrine Tumoren (NET) sind eine absolute Rarität. Die vorliegende Kasuistik beschreibt Diagnostik und Therapie eines im 2. Trimenon symptomatisch gewordenen metastasierten NET des Pankreas.

Fallbeschreibung Eine 33-jährige Patientin stellte sich in der 19. Schwangerschaftswoche (SSW) mit persistierender Diarrhoe in der Notaufnahme vor. Laborchemisch fiel eine ausgeprägte Hyperkalzämie (3,53 mmol/l) auf. In der Bildgebung fand sich eine Raumforderung im Bereich des Pankreaskorpus/-schwanzes mit ausgedehnter Lebermetastasierung. Histologisch zeigte sich ein NET (G2, SSTR-positiv) mit einer paraneoplastischen Parathormon-related-Peptide-Sekretion als Ursache der Hyperkalzämie. Unter einer Therapie mit Octreotid normalisierte sich das Kalzium, die Diarrhoe sistierte. Nach Geburt eines gesunden Kindes (32. SSW per sectio) fand sich ein Progress; der Pankreastumor wurde komplett entfernt, die Leberfiliae so weit wie möglich. In einem postoperativen CT zeigten sich verbliebene metastasensuspekte Läsionen, eine palliative Therapie mit Lanreotid wurde eingeleitet. Darunter ist die Patientin seit einem Jahr symptomfrei, das Serumkalzium blieb normwertig. Das Kind entwickelte sich unauffällig.

Diskussion Dieser ungewöhnliche Fall zeigt, dass es auch bei ausgedehnt metastasierten symptomatischen NETs in der Schwangerschaft weitreichende diagnostische und therapeutische Optionen geben kann, die in enger interdisziplinärer Zusammenarbeit unter sorgfältiger Risiko-Nutzen-Abwägung für Mutter und Kind eine Fortführung der Schwangerschaft erlauben.
2-Pyridyl Sulfoxide Directed Pd(II)-Catalyzed C–H Olefination of Arenes with Molecular Oxygen as the Sole Oxidant
Authors: Bhanuchandra M. , Yadav Mamta , Jat Ram Singh , Sarma Bibek
Published: February 2021

Pd(II)-catalyzed C–H olefination of aryl 2-pyridyl sulfoxides with unactivated and activated olefins has been demonstrated. We employed environmentally benign and inexpensive molecular oxygen as the sole oxidant. The versatile nature of the 2-pyridyl sulfoxide directing group has been proven by its transformation to the sulfone functionality. Deuterium scrambling experiments and intramolecular kinetic isotopic studies were carried out to gain insights into the reaction pathway.
Synthetic Applications and Computational Perspectives on Eosin Y Induced Direct HAT Process
Authors: Foley Jonathan J. , Xing Yalan , Inoa Joan , Dominici Grecia , Eldabagh Reem
Published: February 2021

In recent years, advancements in photocatalysis have allowed for a plethora of chemical transformations under milder conditions. Many of these photochemical reactions utilize hydrogen atom transfer processes to obtain desired products. Hydrogen atom transfer processes can follow one of two unique pathways: the first, a direct path and the second, an indirect path. In this paper, we highlight the ability of eosin Y to act as a direct hydrogen atom transfer catalyst from both synthetic and computational chemistry perspectives.
Unterhaltsreinigung: Worauf Klinikgeschäftsführer dringend achten sollten
Authors: Troha Christina , Schlicker Michael
Published: February 2021

Oftmals wird sie von Patienten und Angehörigen nur wahrgenommen, wenn es etwas zu bemängeln gibt. Dabei ist die Unterhaltsreinigung genauso Bestandteil des Klinikalltags wie die medizinische Versorgung und gehört deshalb auch in den Verantwortungsbereich eines Klinikgeschäftsführers oder einer Klinikgeschäftsführerin. Auch wenn die Unterhaltsreinigung nach extern vergeben ist.
Bestellwesen von Blutprodukten: Verbrauch und Verfügbarkeit von Blutkonserven harmonisieren
Authors: Otten Hubert , Kaffka-Cevani Vanessa , Tromp Timo
Published: February 2021

Einige Blutgruppen werden stark von Kliniken nachgefragt, wohingegen Blutkonserven anderer Blutgruppen Gefahr laufen, überlagert zu werden. Diese müssen dann zum Teil verworfen werden. Im Rahmen eines Projekts des DRK Blutspendedienstes West zusammen mit der Hochschule Niederrhein wurde ein Bonus-Malus-System entwickelt, welches das Bestellverhalten von Blutkonserven positiv beeinflussen soll.
Two methods to approximate the Koopman operator with a reservoir computer
Authors: Gulina Marvyn , Mauroy Alexandre
Published: February 2021

The Koopman operator provides a powerful framework for data-driven analysis of dynamical systems. In the last few years, a wealth of numerical methods providing finite-dimensional approximations of the operator have been proposed [e.g., extended dynamic mode decomposition (EDMD) and its variants]. While convergence results for EDMD require an infinite number of dictionary elements, recent studies have shown that only a few dictionary elements can yield an efficient approximation of the Koopman operator, provided that they are well-chosen through a proper training process. However, this training process typically relies on nonlinear optimization techniques. In this paper, we propose two novel methods based on a reservoir computer to train the dictionary. These methods rely solely on linear convex optimization. We illustrate the efficiency of the method with several numerical examples in the context of data reconstruction, prediction, and computation of the Koopman operator spectrum. These results pave the way for the use of the reservoir computer in the Koopman operator framework.
Enhanced charge carrier lifetime and mobility as a result of Rb and Cs incorporation in hybrid perovskite
Authors: Erodici Matthew P. , Pierone Polly J. , Hartono Noor Titan Putri , Hidalgo Juanita , Lai Barry , Buonassisi Tonio , Correa-Baena Juan-Pablo , Sher Meng-Ju
Published: February 2021

Alkali addition in organic–inorganic perovskite has become the standard recipe for achieving solar cells with efficiencies exceeding 20%, but the mechanism is not well understood. We use non-contact carrier lifetime measurements, mobility measurements, and synchrotron-based x-ray characterization techniques to show that there is a unique benefit to adding hybrid perovskite samples with Rb and Cs simultaneously. When either Rb or Cs is added, charge carrier mobility increases with alkali concentration. Charge carrier lifetime benefits from alkali incorporation as well, but is optimized with only moderate concentration at 1%. When both Rb and Cs are introduced, however, the high mobility is maintained and the charge carrier lifetime increases considerably. Our results show that when incorporated alone, Rb and Cs have very similar roles in a perovskite crystal, but when co-added, halide distribution becomes homogenized correlating with improved charge transport properties.
Temperature-insensitive hybrid interferometric liquid refractive index sensor
Authors: Li Lijun , Wei Fengjuan , Xu Tianzong , Ma Qian , Li Min , Zhang Zhaochun
Published: February 2021

A temperature-insensitive all fiber Fabry–Pérot (F–P) and Mach–Zehnder (M–Z) hybrid compact structure and its sensing characteristics are proposed and theoretically and experimentally demonstrated. In one sensor, two kinds of sensing principles are existing, which is shown in the sensing process that with the increase in the refractive index (RI) of the liquid, the dip wavelengths coming from the F–P interference do red-drift, and the dips from the M–Z interference do blue-drift, respectively. Due to the opposite shift and almost the same temperature sensitivities, the dip difference between M–Z and F–P refractometers is used to eliminate temperature cross-sensitivity and improve the RI sensitivity of the sensor. In our experiments, the liquid RI sensitivity is 134.383 nm/RIU, and temperature cross-sensitivity is effectively eliminated within the ±21.74 °C change range at room temperature. This sensing structure also has advantages of simple structure, good integration, and low power loss.
Computational analysis of obstructive disease and cough intensity effects on the mucus transport and clearance in an idealized upper airway model using the volume of fluid method
Authors: Yi Hang , Wang Qingsheng , Feng Yu
Published: February 2021

This study provides a quantitative analysis to investigate the effects of cough intensity and initial mucus thickness on the mucus transport and clearance in a mouth-to-trachea airway geometry using an experimentally validated Volume of Fluid (VOF) based multiphase model. In addition, the accuracy of simplifying mucus as Newtonian fluid is also quantified by the comparisons of mucus transport and clearance efficiencies with the simulations using realistic shear-thinning non-Newtonian fluid viscosities as a function of shear rate. It proves that the VOF model developed in this study can capture air–mucus interface evolution and predict the mucus transport behaviors driven by the expiratory cough waveforms. Numerical results show that noticeable differences can be identified between the simulations using simplified Newtonian fluid and the realistic non-Newtonian fluid viscosity models, which indicates that an appropriate non-Newtonian fluid model should be applied when modeling mucus transport to avoid the possible inaccuracy induced by the Newtonian fluid simplification. Furthermore, the results also indicate that an intense cough can enhance the mucus clearance efficiency in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) upper airways. Additionally, although higher mucus clearance efficiency is observed for severe COPD conditions with a thicker mucus layer, there is a possibility of mucus accumulation and obstruction in the upper airway for such a COPD condition if the cough is not strong enough, which will possibly cause further breathing difficulty. The VOF model developed in this study can be further refined and integrated with discrete phase models to predict the mucus clearance effect on inhaled particles explicitly.
Radially localized electron heating in helicon plasmas by X-wave microwave injection
Authors: McKee J. S. , Scime E. E. , Arnold I. , Loch S.
Published: February 2021

Here, we report on modifications to the electron energy distribution function during X-mode microwave injection in argon and helium helicon plasmas. No electron heating is observed in argon helicon plasmas. Significant electron heating, ΔTe∼1 eV, is observed in helium plasmas. The heating is spatially localized to the upper hybrid resonance layer. Previously absent helium ion emission lines, from states over 50 eV above the helium ion ground state, are observed with the injection of X-mode microwaves.
High-throughput design of Peierls and charge density wave phases in Q1D organometallic materials
Authors: Kayastha Prakriti , Ramakrishnan Raghunathan
Published: February 2021

Soft-phonon modes of an undistorted phase encode a material’s preference for symmetry lowering. However, the evidence is sparse for the relationship between an unstable phonon wavevector’s reciprocal and the number of formula units in the stable distorted phase. This “1/q*-criterion” holds great potential for the first-principles design of materials, especially in low-dimension. We validate the approach on the Q1D organometallic materials space containing 1199 ring–metal units and identify candidates that are stable in undistorted (1 unit), Peierls (2 units), charge density wave (3–5 units), or long wave (>5 units) phases. We highlight materials exhibiting gap-opening as well as an uncommon gap-closing Peierls transition and discuss an example case stabilized as a charge density wave insulator. We present the data generated for this study through an interactive publicly accessible Big Data analytics platform (https://moldis.tifrh.res.in/data/rmq1d) facilitating limitless and seamless data-mining explorations.
A global phylogeny of turtles reveals a burst of climate-associated diversification on continental margins
Authors: Thomson Robert C. , Spinks Phillip Q. , Shaffer H. Bradley
Published: February 2021

Significance

Biodiversity is unevenly distributed across the tree of life. Understanding the factors that led to this unevenness can illuminate how macroevolutionary processes have interacted with changing global environments to shape patterns of biodiversity. By developing a comprehensive phylogeny for extant turtles and analyzing the diversification dynamics of the group, we show that species-level diversity is strongly associated with historical climate shifts. Our findings indicate that newly exposed continental margins created during a period of cooling and drying are important evolutionary cradles for turtle speciation, explain why turtle biodiversity is orders of magnitude more depauperate than the remaining major lineages of amniotes, and reconcile the seemingly contradictory insights that fossils and extant species suggest into a single picture of evolutionary diversification.
Placental genomic risk scores and early neurodevelopmental outcomes
Authors: Ursini Gianluca , Punzi Giovanna , Langworthy Benjamin W. , Chen Qiang , Xia Kai , Cornea Emil A. , Goldman Barbara D. , Styner Martin A. , Knickmeyer Rebecca C. , Gilmore John H. , Weinberger Daniel R.
Published: February 2021

Significance

Environmental and genetic risk factors, and the early antecedents of schizophrenia, represent pieces of a puzzle still far from completion. We show that, in infants with a history of prenatal complications, a measure of genomic risk for schizophrenia linked with placental gene expression is associated with early neurodevelopmental trajectories of risk, particularly in male individuals. While the majority of individuals on this altered neurodevelopmental path likely “canalize” back toward normal development, some may not be rescued and instead “decanalize” toward illness. Specific strategies of prevention may benefit from understanding the unique placental effects of schizophrenia genomic risk and from defining which factors contribute to decanalize the neurodevelopmental trajectories of individuals with a history of risk factors who develop schizophrenia.
Operando
unraveling photothermal-promoted dynamic active-sites generation in NiFe
2
O
4
for markedly enhanced oxygen evolution
Authors: Gao Likun , Cui Xun , Wang Zewei , Sewell Christopher D. , Li Zili , Liang Shuang , Zhang Mingyue , Li Jian , Hu Yingjie , Lin Zhiqun
Published: February 2021

Significance

As the electrochemical reconstruction into highly active species is anticipated to arise under the oxidative conditions, activating and tailoring the surface reconstruction via a rational and effective strategy is pivotal to improve the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity. In this work, we advance a robust process, that is, the photothermal effect originated from the spinel NiFe
2
O
4
catalyst, to render its dynamic transition into active (Ni,Fe)oxyhydroxides species that triggers highly efficient oxygen evolution. Significantly, the reaction kinetics of OER are improved due to the lowered activation energy, as modulated by the photothermal energy-promoted surface reconstruction. More importantly, the
operando
Raman spectroelectrochemistry study and first-principle calculation collectively unveil the mechanism of photothermal-assisted enhancement in OER reaction.
Perceived Credibility of Social Media Data as a Collateral Source in Criminal Responsibility Evaluations Using an Experimental Design
Authors: Batastini Ashley B. , Vitacco Michael J. , Jones Ashley C. T. , Davis Riley M.
Published: February 2021

Perceived credibility of social media data (i.e., a Twitter post) was compared to more traditional collateral sources in criminal responsibility evaluations using independent samples of laypersons and forensic experts. Overall, results suggested greater skepticism toward social media relative to two other sources, particularly when information suggested a mental illness. Both samples, however, viewed the tweet as potentially useful. Notably, both studies were limited by the use of an experimental design that was intended to capture initial impressions rather than fully mimic standard assessment and courtroom processes. We advocate a cautious but open-minded approach when considering social media data as collateral.
Measurement of the density and rotational temperature of OH in a saturated water vapor slot-excited microwave plasma
Authors: Inoue Itsuki , Aizawa Takeshi , Ishijima Tatsuo , Ono Ryo
Published: February 2021

OH density and rotational temperature were measured in a saturated water vapor slot-excited microwave plasma using spatio-temporally resolved laser-induced fluorescence. The microwave power was 20–100 W under continuous wave mode, whereas 40–200 W peak under pulse-modulated mode (30% duty cycle, 100 Hz). The water vapor pressure was 2.3 kPa. An approximately 2 mm thick flat-shaped plasma was generated on the surface of a slot antenna. The OH density and rotational temperature in the plasma ranged from 1 × 1014 cm−3 to 1 × 1015 cm−3 and from 1100 K to 3000 K, respectively. OH was produced via various routes originating from electron collisions (e + H2O) and was primarily lost through recombination (OH+OH → H2O+O) and diffusion. The production rate (k

p
) of OH per H2O molecule, which was calculated based on a simplified reaction model using the measured OH density and temperature, showed a relation of

k
p

/

[

H

2

O

]
∝

P

1.8

, where P represents the microwave power. This relationship implies a two-step production process of OH via the vibrational excitation of H2O. Although the OH density increased with increasing microwave power, the density became saturated at high power values.