bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessing Interventions for Declining Childhood Immunization Dropout - A Systematic Review
Authors: Jaleha Jaleha , Widjarnarko Bagoes , Susanto Henry Setyawan , Margawati Ani , Hadisaputro Suharyo , Hikmah Kholisotul
Published: May 2024

Childhood routine immunization is a critical stage to ensure the health of infants and protect against serious diseases. Therefore, adequate strategies are urgently needed to increase childhood immunization coverage to prevent global disease and death. This review has identified the effect of interventions to increase immunization coverage among children in developing countries. A review included published studies from 2013 to 2023 on randomized controlled trials (RCT) and pre-post intervention that met eligible criteria. All included studies had been conducted in English-published articles on Pub Med and Google Scholar, without being limited to geographical sites. A total of 1107 published articles were accessed and 12 final eligible articles were reviewed. 66.67% of the included studies were conducted in Africa, 16.67% in South East Asia countries, and others were conducted in East Asia and America. These studies demonstrated that different interventions (SMS and call reminders, sticker reminders, immunization education, home-based records, and community-centered) had significant increases in immunization coverage for childhood compared to the control group with standard care or without any interventions. The present findings suggest that interventions including implementing SMS and call reminders, sticker reminders, education both from health workers and local leaders, and home-based records can potentially reduce immunization dropout. However, strategies to improve coverage for immunization uptake should also be considered preferred community-based to extend the marginal groups.
Individual Health History, Body Mass Index, and Behavior as Causative Factors of Non-Communicable Diseases
Authors: Mugianti Sri , Suprajitno Suprajitno , Riyadi Bastianus Doddy , Suyitno Juin Hadi
Published: May 2024

Microorganisms do not cause non-communicable diseases (NCDs) but tend to change in modern lifestyles that do not apply CERDIK. In past research, the risk of suffering from non-communicable diseases was influenced by behavior, which consisted of three domains, namely knowledge, attitudes, and actions, without considering other individual factors. This study aims to assess the influence of individual health history factors, BMI, and behavior. The design used is cross-sectional. A sample of 302 people aged 15-59 are at risk of NCD and often visit fast food restaurants. Sampling using cluster random sampling. The variables collected are individual health history, BMI, and behavior. Data collection was carried out from April to June 2023. The analysis carried out was descriptive and structural equation modeling using PLS (Partial Least Square) software. The influence of the individual health history factor is 0.116, the BMI factor is 0.277, and the behavioral factor is -0.107. The resulting formula is . This formula can be used as a method to calculate the individual risk of suffering from NCDs.
Use of Artificial Intelligence in Early Warning Score in Critical ill Patients: Scoping Review
Authors: Ismail Suhartini , Wardah Zahrotul , Wibowo Adi
Published: May 2024

Early Warning Score (EWS) systems can identify critical patients through the application of artificial intelligence (AI). Physiological parameters like blood pressure, body temperature, heart rate, and respiration rate are encompassed in the EWS. One of AI's advantages is its capacity to recognize high-risk individuals who need emergency medical attention because they are at risk of organ failure, heart attack, or even death. The objective of this study is to review the body of research on the use of AI in EWS to accurately predict patients who will become critical. The analysis model of Arksey and O'Malley is employed in this study. Electronic databases such as ScienceDirect, Scopus, PubMed, and SpringerLink were utilized in a methodical search. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA SR) guidelines were utilized in the creation and selection of the literature. This analysis included a total of 14 articles. This article summarizes the findings on several aspects: the usefulness of AI algorithms in EWS for critical patients, types of AI algorithm models, and the accuracy of AI in predicting the quality of life of patients in EWS. The results of this review show that the integration of AI into EWS can increase accuracy in predicting patients in critical condition, including cardiac arrest, sepsis, and ARDS events that cause inhalation until the patient dies. The AI models that are often used are machine learning and deep learning models because they are considered to perform better and achieve high accuracy. The importance of further research is to identify the application of AI with EWS in critical care patients by adding laboratory result parameters and pain scales to increase prediction accuracy to obtain optimal results.
SITEPIS Contraception is an Extension Officer in Providing Information on Family Planning in Indonesia
Authors: Hariyanti Hariyanti , Khatimah Husnul , Kristianto Jusuf , Gumilang Intan , Hamidiyanti Baiq Yuni Fitri
Published: May 2024

This study addresses the vital role of information as a reproductive health right and emphasizes the responsibility of family planning officers, including health workers, to disseminate accurate information for ensuring public reproductive health. The research focuses on evaluating the effectiveness of SITEPIS Contraception, an online information service designed to aid family planning officers in conveying contraceptive information. SITEPIS is a web application offering comprehensive information on contraception, medical eligibility criteria, and a live chat service. This study involves 28 family planning officers at sub-district and village levels in Bogor and West Lombok districts. Employing a descriptive research approach, the study includes socialization events introducing Sitepis Contraception, encouraging usage, and collecting officers' evaluations. Results indicate positive feedback from all officers, citing the website's appealing design, user-friendly accessibility, and essential features for effective information delivery. Despite challenges related to internet network support in certain areas, officers express willingness to use the SITEPIS website for their community information duties. Notably, while face-to-face interaction is preferred by most officers, SITEPIS contraception serves as a valuable tool for information dissemination. The study underscores the underutilization of online information as the primary method among family planning officers in Indonesia. Despite this, it recognizes the potential of online platforms, like SITEPIS, in reaching diverse societal levels. The findings emphasize the need for further examination of SITEPIS Contraception from the community's perspective, the primary target audience, to enhance its effectiveness. In conclusion, the study advocates for the integration of online information tools to empower family planning officers in fulfilling their crucial role as information providers.
Revolution of Bone and Teeth Health: Study of Aloe Barbadensis Instant Powder Formulation
Authors: Said Fahmi , Rahmawati Ida , Ningsih Neny Setiawaty
Published: May 2024

Aloe barbadensis is a plant with many applications such as anti-inflammatory, anti-fungal, anti-bacterial, and aiding in cell regeneration. Understanding aloe barbadensis' phytochemical profile and pharmacological action is essential since it is believed to have an impact on the formation of teeth and bones. The stability and bioavailability of Aloe barbadensis can be improved by formulating it as an instant powder. The research's objectives are to ascertain the Aloe barbadensis instant powder's qualitative and quantitative phytochemical profile, dosage formulations, and activity testing on hemoglobin, cholesterol, and red blood cell parameters. Samples of aloe barbadensis were washed, and they were then dried for 72 hours at 50°C. Following a maceration process using a 70% ethanol solvent, the extract was dried. Phytochemical screening, TLC profile, and extract description were employed to test the extract qualitatively. The quantities of total flavonoids, total anthraquinones, and total phenolics were determined to quantitatively test the extract. The formulation of the instant powder was then completed and evaluated on female mice using metrics associated with red blood cells, hemoglobin, and cholesterol levels. Furthermore, observations were made on the mice's liver organs. The study's findings revealed a qualitative profile of Aloe barbadensis extract, which included a tasteless, unique odor, milky white hue, and liquid shape. Aloe barbadensis has been demonstrated to contain flavonoids, phenolics, tannins, saponins, and anthraquinones, according to the results of phytochemical screening. Three spots, identified as Rf 3.2 and Rf 8.5 in the Rf 2.3 area, are visible in the chromatographic pattern. Total anthraquinones were discovered to be 4.59%, total flavonoids to be 0.24%, and total phenolic content to be 1.42%. The third formula of instant Aloe barbadensis pollen has been demonstrated through preclinical examinations to have the capacity to reduce cholesterol, boost hemoglobin, and enhance red blood cell count—all of which are associated with the growth of teeth and bones. An SPSS statistical study demonstrating statistically significant differences with other groups supports this. Mice liver histopathological examinations revealed no liver damage in any of the test groups.
Cytotoxicity of Sodium Bicarbonate Solution to Human Gingival Fibroblast Cells
Authors: Mahmiyah Erma , Susatyo Jojok Heru , Ningsih Neny Setiawaty
Published: May 2024

Immunoglobulin A (IgA) is a crucial antibody originating in mucosal lymphoid tissue, actively distributed across the epithelium. It plays a vital role in binding to and neutralizing microbes that threaten organisms through mucosal organs, thereby contributing to mucosal or secretory immunity. This research aims to determine the Cytotoxicity of Sodium Bicarbonate Solution to Human Gingival Fibroblast Cells.  The research method used to investigate the safety and efficacy of various sodium bicarbonate concentrations, we conducted a laboratory experimental study utilizing a post-test-only control group design. Sodium bicarbonate solutions with concentrations of 1%, 2%, 3.5%, 7%, 10%, 15%, and 20% were tested. The results of the study using analysis through ANOVA followed by Tukey HSD revealed that solutions with concentrations of 20%, 15%, and 10% exhibited comparable non-toxicity to fibroblast cells, as they shared the same column. In contrast, concentrations of 7%, 3.5%, 2%, and 1% were found to have toxicity levels that exceeded the IC50 threshold. Further examination using the Tukey HSD test showed that the 2% and 3.5% concentration groups did not show significant differences. In conclusion, the Sodium bicarbonate solutions with concentrations of 7%, 3.5%, 2%, and 1% are not toxic to fibroblast cells and can be used as a basis for further research applications based on sodium bicarbonate materials. It is recommended for future studies to conduct further examinations with different concentrations.
Is Infection Prevention and Control Training Can Increase Knowledge and Compliance of Nurses?
Authors: Wati Ni Made Nopita , Subyaktien Elmy , Lestari Tri Rahyuning , Pendet Diah Pusparini , Rachmawati Nunung , Juanamasta I Gede , Aungsuroch Yupin
Published: May 2024

One of the indicators of service quality at the hospital is Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs) that can be prevented by hand hygiene, which is a procedure for cleaning hands with soap water, or alcohol-based liquids. This study aimed to identify the effect of Infection Prevention and Control (IPC) training on the level of knowledge and compliance of five moments for hand hygiene in nurses at the Dharma Yadnya Hospital in Denpasar. This study used a pre-experimental one-group pre-post test without a control group design. The number of samples was 42 nurses with purposive sampling techniques that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results showed that before training 26 nurses (61.9%) had a good level of knowledge, and after training, 41 nurses (97.6%) had good knowledge. With regard to compliance with five moments for hand hygiene, before training 22 nurses (52.4%) were not compliant, and after training 29 nurses (69%) imperfectly adhered to the procedure. Mandatory training in IPC influences the level of knowledge and adherence to the five moments for hand hygiene among nurses. Suggestions for hospitals to provide continuity of education related to IPC, monitor nurses' compliance behaviors of the five moments for hand hygiene, either by direct observation or electronically, and provide rewards and punishments for behavioral evaluations.
What Makes Woman Afraid of Their Childbirth?: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Nurhidayati Siti , Novika Revi Gama Hatta , Wahidah Nurul Jannatul , Sari Atriany Nilam , Maulida Luluk Fajria , Maulina Rufidah , Habiba Chusna , Anggi Ramadhani
Published: May 2024

Fear generally fills the minds of pregnant women as they enter the third trimester of gestation. The older the gestational age, the more attention and thoughts of pregnant women are drawn to the approaching climax of childbirth, intensifying their anxiety and fear. This study aimed to assess the knowledge of birth preparedness and fear of childbirth. A qualitative facility-based descriptive study design and client exit interview questionnaire were utilized, conducted in Primary Health Care Mondokan, Sragen, from April until June 2023 with 33 pregnant women. Study participants were selected through purposive sampling. Three categories highlighted the preparedness for childbirth, including finding primary sources of information, the importance of birth companions, and reminding about the natural process of childbirth. The fear of childbirth was associated with fear of the childbirth process, fear of the tools used during childbirth, and the condition of the unborn baby. The findings suggest that pregnant women should prepare for childbirth and increase their knowledge of delivery by participating in antenatal classes to reduce fear about the childbirth process. Therefore, family healthcare providers, health facilities, other partners, program-level managers, and policymakers must take responsibility for improving health education and increasing preparedness and complication readiness through easily accessible health education strategies.
Evaluating the Efficacy of the Zelisken Ball in Shortening the First Stage of Labor: A Quasi-Experimental Study
Authors: Mutaqin Zeni Zaenal , Lidya Nurul , Astuti Isroni , Meilani Niken
Published: May 2024

During labor, mothers frequently report having excruciating contractions that continue for hours or even days. An assistive gadget is required to expedite labor and aid in the baby's head drop. The Zelisken Ball, an invention of the research group, is a bolster-shaped ball used in basic exercises or physical care. The study aimed to determine whether using the Zelisken Ball could shorten the time pregnant mothers spend in the first stage of labor. Pregnant women's level of comfort and satisfaction while using it, along with its effects on each delivery stage, were highlighted. Using a control group, the study used a quantitative methodology and a quasi-experimental post-test-only design. Purposive sampling was employed to identify 50 postpartum patients for the sample. The Zelisken Ball was utilized by the intervention group in this study, while the Peanut Ball was used by the control group. Questionnaires were used to gather data, and SPSS software was implemented to perform an Independent Sample t-test to determine differences between the two groups. The mothers who utilized the Zelisken Ball advanced through the first stage of labor more quickly, according to the data, with a difference of 1.29 hours (77.4 minutes) between them and the control group (8.3 hours) who used the Peanut Ball. The results of the data analysis indicate that mothers who used the Zelisken Ball and those who utilized the Peanut Ball had significantly different first-stage labor durations (p-value of 0.026, <0.05). As a result, the Zelisken Ball shows great promise as a useful tool for accelerating the early stage of labor. The research has been modified to create Zelisken, which is two-thirds the size of a peanut ball and has an indentation of ½ on the ball. The outer material of Zelisken is made of Oscar fabric, and the inside is filled with foam, whereas the peanut ball is made of PVC and has an interior filled with air. Future research, however, needs to increase the sample size to include a wider range of respondents to strengthen the findings' generalizability.
The Impact of Modular Professional Nursing Care Model (Modification of The Primary-Team Model) on Patient Satisfaction in Health Services: A Literature Review
Authors: Nugrahini Ni Luh Gede Hari , Suyasa I Gede Putu Darma , Adianta I Ketut Alit , Agustini Ni Komang Tru
Published: May 2024

Optimal health services are considerably increasing patient satisfaction. Optimization of health services could be implemented using the Modular Professional Nursing Care Method (MAKP Modular). MAKP Modular provides a clear division of tasks and responsibilities for nurses in accordance with the distribution of nursing staff. This literature review aimed to identify the effect of MAKP Modular in increasing patient satisfaction through the optimization of health services. The research design is a literature review. The journal article was conducted on the Google Scholar journal database website and 10 journal articles were selected according to inclusion criteria. The results of the review show that the application of MAKP Modular affects the quality of implementation of nursing care standards. The performance of nurses manifested in the implementation of MAKP Modular also influences patient satisfaction. However, there are still some deficiencies in the application of modular MAKP in the health service setting. These deficiencies are influenced by factors of knowledge, attitudes, and motivation of nurses. The application of MAKP Modular to the healthcare system is conducted by combining the team method and the primary method. The combination of these two methods allows for a more effective and efficient process of providing nursing care. Evaluation of the implementation of MAKP Modular in clinical and hospital settings needs to be engaged on an ongoing basis to determine the effectiveness of implementation.
The Impact of Hormonal Changes in Elderly Women: A Literature Review
Authors: Helda Helda , Latifah Mira Maryani , Komalasari Dini P. , Utami Fenia , Rajab Nurfadilah M. , Utami Risa P. , Rahmadani Sekar A. , Ramadhania Shabrina A. , Stefani Sheila
Published: May 2024

As women age, hormonal changes become increasingly common and can significantly impact their overall health and well-being. In elderly women, these changes can lead to a range of physical and emotional symptoms that can greatly affect their quality of life. To further understand the health problems that arise from these hormonal changes, this study focused on menopause and andropause. The research methodology used in this study was a literature review. A total of 14 articles from PubMed, ScienceDirect, and PLOS One were reviewed, while established inclusion and exclusion criteria were taken into consideration. The findings suggest that a majority of postmenopausal women experience side effects from hormonal changes, including both physical and mental ailments. Menopause can also lead to sexual dysfunction, as well as an increased risk of osteoporosis, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, mental disorders, and chronic kidney disease. These changes can significantly impact an elderly individual's quality of life.
The Relationship between Drinking Coffee and Hypertension in Several Countries: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Syarif Syahrizal , Mivtahurrahimah Mivtahurrahimah
Published: May 2024

Coffee is the most consumed drink in the world and has the highest caffeine content. Caffeine in coffee has an effect on hypertension, which is a leading cause of death throughout the world. However, the long-term effect of drinking coffee on the risk of hypertension is still controversial. This study aimed to determine the relationship between drinking coffee and the risk of hypertension through a meta-analysis study of several cross-sectional survey studies using the search engines PubMed, Science Direct, Proques, and Scopus. Search results via search engines found 3 relevant articles for analysis. A significant association was found between drinking coffee and hypertension with a combined risk of 1.58 (95% CI: 1.46, 1.72). Lifestyle changes through regulating coffee drinking patterns can be one of the government and stakeholder programs as primary prevention of hypertension among adults, especially since drinking coffee is currently very popular.
How Are MCPs Doing on Achieving Assessed CalAIM Requirements? A Comparative Analysis of Selected Not-For-Profit, Publicly Governed Health Plans in California
Authors:   , Chen Junell
Published: May 2024

At the heart of a larger societal movement, the imperative to foster diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) is a resounding call to action across all sectors. This pressing concern underscores the need for proactive and equity-centric solutions, including within the American healthcare system. The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services has been instrumental in shaping policies and initiatives, such as Healthy People, aimed at promoting health equity and reducing health disparities. Similarly, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) has instituted supplementary compliance requirements to hold healthcare stakeholders accountable for implementing equitable programs designed to eliminate health disparities across the board. In addition to federal and state regulators, other accrediting agencies, like the National Committee for Quality Assurance (NCQA), Accreditation Association for Ambulatory Health Care (AAAHC), and The Joint Commission (TJC), hold healthcare organizations and programs accountable for their actions, requiring them to meet the rigorous standards set by the accreditors. This research focuses on assessing the current health equity-focused quality improvement initiatives implemented by selected not-for-profit health plans in California, which offer healthcare services to low-income populations enrolled in Medi-Cal, California’s Medicaid program. Their progress is measured against the requirements as outlined by the California Advancing and Innovating Medi-Cal (CalAIM) framework, as set forth by the California Department of Health Care Services (DHCS). CalAIM has established specific milestones each year, and this study analyzes the progress made by these health plans. The goal is to determine health plans’ readiness to fulfill all requirements by the conclusion of the five-year reform period in 2027.
Pengembangan Perangkat Pembelajaran Matematika pada Pokok Bahasan Lingkaran Menggunakan Pendekatan PMRI dan Aplikasi Geogebra
Authors: Mangelep Navel Oktaviandy
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan perangkat pembelajaran matematika pada pokok bahasan lingkaran menggunakan pendekatan PMRI dan Aplikasi Geogebgra yang valid dan praktis serta untuk mengetahui efek potensial perangkat tersebut terhadap hasil belajar siswa. Berdasarkan hasil pengembangan diperoleh prototipe perangkat pembelajaran, rancangan pelaksanaan pembelajaran, lembar kerja siswa, dan soal tes hasil belajar yang valid dan praktis. Kevalidan dipenuhi secara kualitatif oleh para validator. Sedangkan, kepraktisan ditunjukkan oleh para ahli/praktisi telah menyatakan perangkat pembelajaran yang dikembangkan dapat diterapkan pada siswa SMP, selain itu sesuai pelaksanaan pada tahap one to one dan small group, semua siswa dapat menggunakan perangkat pembelajaran dengan baik. Dari pengamatan aktifitas belajar siswa, hasil jawaban siswa, terlihat bahwa perangkat pembelajaran yang dikembangkan memiliki efek potensial untuk meningkatkan kemampuan matematika siswa. Selain itu dari hasil wawancara pada tahap field test, sebagian besar siswa mengatakan bahwa perangkat pembelajaran dengan menggunakan aplikasi geogebra untuk pokok bahasan lingkaran yang diberikan menarik, dan dapat memacu semangat dalam belajar matematika.
This study aims to produce the learning of mathematics on the subject of the circle using PMRI approach and Applications Geogebra valid and practical as well as to determine the potential effects of such devices on student learning outcomes. Based on the results obtained by the prototype development of learning tools, design implementation of learning, student worksheets, and learning about the test results are valid and practical. Validity fulfilled qualitatively by the validator. Meanwhile, practicality demonstrated by experts / practitioners have expressed learning tools developed can be applied to the junior high school students, in addition to the appropriate implementation of phase one to one and small group, all students can use learning device properly. From observations of student learning activities, the results of students' answers, it appears that the learning device developed has potential effect to improve student math skills. Besides of interviews on the field test stage, most students said that learning device by using GeoGebra application for a given subject interesting circle and may spur enthusiasm in learning mathematics.
Tahap Preliminary Research Pengembangan Perangkat Pembelajaran Berbasis Penemuan Terbimbing untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Komunikasi Matematis Peserta Didik Kelas VIII MTs/SMP
Authors: Rahmi Muthia , Yerizon  , Musdi Edwin
Published: May 2024

Berdasarkan hasil analisis pendahuluan yang dilaksanakan di MTs Lembah Gumanti, diperoleh informasi bahwa kemampuan komunikasi matematis peserta didik belum tercapai secara optimal. Salah satu faktor penyebabnya adalah belum tersedianya perangkat pembelajaran yang dapat memfasilitasi peserta didik untuk meningkatkan kemampuan komunikasi matematis peserta didik. Hal tersebutlah yang mendasari untuk melakukan pengembangan perangkat pembelajaran matematika berupa Rencana Pelaksanan Pembelajaran (RPP) dan Lembar Kerja Peserta didik (LKPD) berbasis Penemuan terbimbing yang memberikan kesempatan kepada peserta didik untuk dapat menemukan sendiri konsep dari materi yang dipelajari sehingga peserta didik dapat mengkomunikasikan pengetahuan tersebut baik secara lisan maupun tulisan. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, dokumentasi, angket, wawancara, dan tes kemampuan komukasi matematis. Subjek penelitian adalah peserta didik kelas VIII MTs/SMP Lembah Gumanti. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian pengembangan menggunakan model Plomp yang terdiri dari fase preliminary research berupa analisis kebutuhan, analisis peserta didik, analisis kurikulum, dan analisis konsep. Pada fase prototype dilakukan perancangan produk yaitu RPP dan LKPD berbasis penemuan terbimbing, kemudian dilakukan evaluasi formatif untuk menentukan kevalidan dan kepraktisan produk. Pada fase asessment dilakukan penilaian uji  praktikalitas dan uji efektivitas. Tujuan dari penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memperoleh perangkat pembelajaran matematika berbasis penemuan terbimbing untuk kelas VIII MTs/SMP yang memiliki karakteristik valid, praktis dan efektif.
An Information Architecture Framework for High-performance Professionals Development
Authors: Roberto Cotta Orlandi Tomás , Gottschalg-Duque Cláudio
Published: May 2024

Qualifying high-performance professionals to meet the rigorous quality expectations of society is an ongoing challenge. This research proposes the application of concepts such as Information Organization, Information Architecture, Informational Spaces, Multimodality, Relevance Theory, and Gamification to address the informational needs of high-performance professionals. The core proposition is that an Information Architecture Model, supported by Multimodality and coupled with the principles of Information Organization and Gamification, can enhance the training of high-performance professionals. Information Architecture enables an effective flow of information within informational environments, while Multimodality contributes to diverse semiotic learning objects organized within informational spaces. According to Buckland (1991), information can be understood in three dimensions: a. Information-as-process; b. information-as-knowledge; c. information-as-thing, referring to things understood as informative. Brookes (1980) explored the scientific foundations of information and presented a formula that describes the incorporation of information into an individual's body of knowledge through communication. Wurman (2005) defines informational spaces as structurally designed environments created by information architects to meet the specific informational needs of users, effectively filtering essential and relevant information from an overwhelming amount of available data. The IAAM (Information Architecture Associated with Multimodality) model has been implemented in professional training courses. It serves as a guide for planning and constructing Informational Spaces tailored for training high-performance professionals. This model applies to the work of information architects, whether they are professors in a specific discipline or auxiliary educators. In an applied exploratory research approach, questionnaires were distributed to students (the intended users of the proposed model) and their immediate managers, who evaluated their performance. The evaluations indicated a high level of acceptance of the IAAM model. This research is representative since it includes several professionals.
The Rise of Social Behavior in Social Media Marketing During Pandemic
Authors: Baharuddin Gunawan , Hilmiyah Nurul , Keiko Hubbansyah Aulia , Hakimi Syafiai Muhammad
Published: May 2024

The adoption of technology has changed rapidly during the global pandemic Covid-19 especially in the sector of trading. Previous studies found that businesses that are used to utilizing technology in their operational activities tend to be more able to survive during the pandemic, including small and medium businesses. The research aims to investigate the social behavior through social media platforms and how this behavior increases during the Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia. The study adopts consumer decision-making (CDM) model as a framework with a slight modification in the phase of post-purchase behavior. Data collected thru online questionnaires as many as 377 social media active users in Indonesia and analyzed using paired sample t-test. Paired sample t-test aims to perceive whether the analyzed paired sample experiences significant changes. The results revealed that during pandemic situations, social media as a medium for identifying, collecting information, evaluating, comparing and post-purchase expressions are increased. In addition, the data also shows an increase of consumers’ post-purchase behaviors that voluntarily promote their purchased goods and services during pandemic situations. This paper contributes on a different perspective of post purchase behavior where the main focus of this concept is not only to influence and change public behaviors but to invite the public to act as a social marketer in order to achieve broader social benefits. The article contains a different paradigm about social marketing which should be considered further and push social marketing behavior forward to gain broader benefits for the community.
Physiotherapists’ awareness and use of red flags for the assessment of low back pain in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alzahrani Abdullah , Alshehri Mansour Abdullah , Alzahrani Hosam
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND: Physiotherapists must identify potential red flags that may impede recovery and function in individuals with low back pain (LBP) or put them at risk. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to (1) investigate physiotherapists’ awareness and use of red flags for individuals with LBP in Saudi Arabia and (2) identify factors associated with their awareness and use of LBP red flags. METHODS: This cross-sectional study collected data using an anonymous online questionnaire (February–July 2023). It included physiotherapists working in private/public hospitals in Saudi Arabia. The questionnaire asked about the participants’ characteristics, their awareness of LBP red flags, and their use of red flags for LBP assessment. RESULTS: A total of 643 participating physiotherapists (26.2 ± 3.8 years), 63.8% of whom were females, completed the survey. Most participants (94.4%) had adequate awareness of LBP red flags, and more than half (61%) had good utilization of red flags when assessing individuals with LBP. There was a positive correlation between the physiotherapists’ awareness and use of LBP red flags. CONCLUSION: The majority of the participating physiotherapists in Saudi Arabia were aware of LBP red flags, and many reported to have good use of red flags in clinical practice when assessing and managing individuals with LBP.
Understanding Health Beliefs and Health Behaviors in Older Adults at Risk for Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Zakrzewski Jessica J. , Davis Jennifer D. , Gemelli Zachary T. , Korthauer Laura E.
Published: May 2024

Background:

There are significant public health benefits to delaying the onset of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in individuals at risk. However, adherence to brain healthy behaviors is low. The Health Belief Model proposes that specific beliefs are mediators of behavior change.

Objective:

To characterize health belief measures from the Science of Behavior Change Research Network (SBCRN) in an older adult population and associations between health beliefs, AD risk, and current health behaviors.

Methods:

A total of 172 individuals from the Rhode Island AD Prevention Registry participated. SBCRN health belief measures included assessments of future time perspective, self-efficacy, deferment of gratification, and consideration of future consequences. Outcome measures included individual AD risk index score, dementia risk awareness, and lifestyle behaviors including physical, cognitive, and social activity.

Results:

Participants who were older had higher scores for AD risk, lower future time perspective, and lower generalized self-efficacy (all at p < 0.001). Higher generalized self-efficacy was related to increased physical activity ( p < 0.010). Higher future time perspective ( p < 0.001) and generalized self-efficacy ( p = 0.48) were associated with lower AD risk score. Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) was associated with lower self-efficacy, ability to delay gratification, and a less expansive future time perspective.

Conclusions:

Greater self-efficacy and perceived future time remaining were associated with lower AD risk and greater engagement in physical activity. SCD was associated with health beliefs that may negatively affect engagement in positive brain health behaviors. Assessment of and psychoeducation about these intrapersonal health belief constructs may be important targets for behavioral interventions to reduce AD risk.
Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Dementias in Muslim Women: Recommendations for Culturally Sensitive Care
Authors: Irfan Bilal , Ankouni Ghadeer , Reader Jonathan , Seraji-Bozorgzad Navid , Giordani Bruno , Bakulski Kelly , Bhaumik Arijit , Hampstead Benjamin M. , Rahman-Filipiak Annalise
Published: May 2024

Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD) present significant challenges including cognitive and functional loss, behavioral disruption, emotional distress, and significant financial burden. These stressors are amplified in minority groups, who experience higher rates of ADRD but less frequent and later diagnosis. There is therefore a critical need to identify tangible approaches to culturally informed dementia assessment and care for patients from diverse communities. Muslim patients and particularly Muslim women are among the populations most understudied in the ADRD space. Muslim patients may hold unique religious, spiritual, and cultural beliefs and practices that can impact care-seeking for dementia symptoms, diagnostic accuracy, and treatment uptake. This paper outlines culturally informed approaches to assessing and treating Muslim women and families at each stage of ADRD care, though many recommendations extend to the broader Muslim community and others of diverse racial-ethnic backgrounds. We provide concrete suggestions for building rapport within and leveraging common family structures, respecting principles of modesty and privacy for all women including those who observe hijab or niqab, and communicating dementia diagnosis and care in the context of spiritual and ethical beliefs. While not intended as a comprehensive and prescriptive guide, this review provides important points of consideration and discussion with patients of Muslim backgrounds.
Understanding complex effects on clinical outcomes and biomarker activities of food supplementation in heavy smokers: an approach using bayesian networks
Authors: Vigna L. , Gori F. , Bamonti F. , Tomaino L. , Zaccagna C.A. , Cighetti G. , Dellanoce C. , Gregori D.
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND:

Antioxidant administration can significantly alleviate smoking-mediated oxidative stress. In our previous research, using a concentrated mixed juice powder led to significant reduction in oxidative status markers and improved lung function among smokers.

OBJECTIVE:

To compare the effectiveness of different antioxidant formulations of the retail product Juice Plus+® on oxidative status and lung function in healthy smokers via a a Bayesian Network (BN) analysis.

METHODS:

At baseline and after 3 months’ supplementation, pulmonary function, cardiovascular risk factors, and oxidative status were assessed in 101 smokers, randomized into three groups: placebo (P), fruit/vegetable (FV), and fruit/vegetable/berry (FVB) group. BN analysis was performed via Monte Carlo simulations. Statistical significance was assigned as p < 0.05.

RESULTS:

No significant interaction was observed in P (network score –101.4, p = ns), whereas overall fit significantly improved in both FV (network score –185.7, p = 0.01) and FVB (–293.7, p = 0.003). Moreover, P group’s respiratory parameters appeared unrelated to the biochemical structure, whereas those of the FV and, to a greater extent, FVB groups were definitely related to it

CONCLUSIONS:

BN analysis demonstrated that the FV and FVB formulations contain nutraceutical compounds capable of synergistically acting and improving antioxidant modulation and respiratory function in smoking subjects
A survey of neurosymbolic visual reasoning with scene graphs and common sense knowledge
Authors: Khan M. Jaleed , Ilievski Filip , Breslin John G. , Curry Edward
Published: May 2024

Combining deep learning and common sense knowledge via neurosymbolic integration is essential for semantically rich scene representation and intuitive visual reasoning. This survey paper delves into data- and knowledge-driven scene representation and visual reasoning approaches based on deep learning, common sense knowledge and neurosymbolic integration. It explores how scene graph generation, a process that detects and analyses objects, visual relationships and attributes in scenes, serves as a symbolic scene representation. This representation forms the basis for higher-level visual reasoning tasks such as visual question answering, image captioning, image retrieval, image generation, and multimodal event processing. Infusing common sense knowledge, particularly through the use of heterogeneous knowledge graphs, improves the accuracy, expressiveness and reasoning ability of the representation and allows for intuitive downstream reasoning. Neurosymbolic integration in these approaches ranges from loose to tight coupling of neural and symbolic components. The paper reviews and categorises the state-of-the-art knowledge-based neurosymbolic approaches for scene representation based on the types of deep learning architecture, common sense knowledge source and neurosymbolic integration used. The paper also discusses the visual reasoning tasks, datasets, evaluation metrics, key challenges and future directions, providing a comprehensive review of this research area and motivating further research into knowledge-enhanced and data-driven neurosymbolic scene representation and visual reasoning.
Research on multi-dimensional intelligent quantitative assessment of upper limb function based on kinematic parameters
Authors: Li Sujiao , Cai Wenqian , Zhu Pei , He Wanying , Zheng Jinyu , Fang Fanfu , Yu Hongliu
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND: Rehabilitation assessment is a critical component of rehabilitation treatment. OBJECTIVE: This study focuses on a comprehensive analysis of patients’ movement performance using the upper limb rehabilitation robot. It quantitatively assessed patients’ motor control ability and constructed an intelligent grading model of functional impairments. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of patients’ motor ability and provide valuable insights for personalized rehabilitation interventions. METHODS: Patients at different Brunnstrom stages underwent rehabilitation training using the upper limb rehabilitation robot, and data on the distal movement positions of the patients’ upper limbs were collected. A total of 22 assessment metrics related to movement efficiency, smoothness, and accuracy were extracted. The performance of these assessment metrics was measured using the Mann-Whitney U test and Pearson correlation analysis. Due to the issue of imbalanced sample categories, data augmentation was performed using the Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique (SMOTE) algorithm based on weighted sampling, and an intelligent grading model of functional impairment based on the Extreme Gradient Boosting Tree (XGBoost) algorithm was constructed. RESULTS: Sixteen assessment metrics were screened. These metrics were effectively normalized to their maximum values, enabling the derivation of quantitative assessment scores for motor control ability across the three dimensions through a weighted fusion approach. Notably, when applied to the data-enhanced dataset, the intelligent grading model exhibited remarkable improvement, achieving an accuracy rate exceeding 0.98. Moreover, significant enhancements were observed in terms of precision, recall, and f1-score. CONCLUSION: The research findings demonstrate that this study enables the quantitative assessment of patients’ motor control ability and intelligent grading of functional impairments, thereby contributing to the efficiency enhancement of clinical rehabilitation assessment. Moreover, this method resolves the issues associated with the subjectivity and prolonged periods of traditional rehabilitation assessment methods.
Myocardial ischemia simulation based on a multi-scale heart electrophysiology model
Authors: Zhu Junjiang , Li Mengyang , Liu Renjie
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND: Myocardial ischemia, caused by insufficient myocardial blood supply, is a leading cause of human death worldwide. Therefore, it is crucial to prioritize the prevention and treatment of this condition. Mathematical modeling is a powerful technique for studying heart diseases. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to discuss the quantitative relationship between extracellular potassium concentration and the degree of myocardial ischemia directly related to it. METHODS: A human cardiac electrophysiological multiscale model was developed to calculate action potentials of all cells simultaneously, enhancing efficiency over traditional reaction-diffusion models. RESULTS: Contrary to the commonly held view that myocardial ischemia is caused by an increase in extracellular potassium concentration, our simulation results indicate that level 1 ischemia is associated with a decrease in extracellular potassium concentration. CONCLUSION: This unusual finding provides a new perspective on the mechanisms underlying myocardial ischemia and has the potential to lead to the development of new diagnostic and treatment strategies.
Evaluation of the efficacy of intervention in the management of AD chronic disease based on the theory of “prevention of the recrudescence of disease”
Authors: Zhang Lian , Chen Ninggang , Ye Jingjing , Lin Hangjuan
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common inflammatory skin disease with a chronic course and a high recurrence. OBJECTIVE: Based on the theory of “prevention and recovery after ulceration”, the application value and significance of compound ginseng cicada decoction in the intervention of chronic disease management in patients with AD were retrospectively analyzed. METHODS: Through clinical retrospective observation, 60 patients with spleen deficiency and moisture type AD admitted to the outpatient clinic of our hospital after January 2019 were analyzed. After comprehensive treatment until the patient’s Investigator’s Global Assessment (IGA) Scale score is lower than 2 points, the study group was divided into a research group and a control group, according to the actual clinical follow-up whether to take compound ginseng cicada soup. The control group carried out chronic disease management education, conventional emollient topical with no drug maintenance intervention, and the research group included clinical patients who were orally administered to compound ginseng cicada decoction for 1 month, observed for 3 months, and compared with the clinical recurrence (recurrence rate, time to first recurrence, severity at recurrence, degree of pruritus), and the quality of life. RESULTS: After 3 months, the relapse rate, recurrence severity, itching degree and quality of life impact scores of the study group were significantly lower than those of the control group, and there were no obvious adverse events. CONCLUSION: The combined application of compound ginseng cicada decoction in the management of chronic diseases in patients with atopic dermatitis has the positive significance of reducing AD recurrence, alleviating the severity of recurrence, and effectively improving the life quality of patients. This method has high safety and is worthy of wide application.
Sustainable effectiveness of kinetic chain stretching on active hip flexion movement and muscle activation for hamstring tightness: A preliminary investigation
Authors: Kim Heejun , Park Chanhee , You Joshua (Sung) H.
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND: Conventional hamstring (HAM) stretching therapeutic effects are not substantiable in neuromusculoskeletal conditions with HAM tightness or shortness. We developed a kinetic chain stabilization exercise to provide a more sustainable effectiveness in adults with HAM tightness. However, its therapeutic effects and underlying motor mechanisms remain unknown. OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of traditional active HAM stretching (AHS) and kinetic chain stretching (KCS) on electromyographic (EMG) amplitude and hip flexion range of motion (ROM) in participants with HAM tightness. METHODS: In this randomized controlled trial, 18 participants (mean age: 25.01 ± 2.47 years) with HAM tightness were assigned to the AHS or KCS group. Hip joint movement, EMG amplitude, and onset times were recorded in the bilateral erector spinae, HAM, transverse abdominis/internal oblique (IO), external oblique (EO), and rectus abdominis during a straight leg raise test. RESULTS: Compared to AHS, KCS led to greater increase in the hip flexion ROM and EMG activation amplitudes in the left and right EO and left IO. Post-test hip flexion ROM data in both the groups were higher than the pre-test data. CONCLUSION: KCS produced more sustainable effectiveness in hip flexion movement and EMG motor control patterns in participants with HAM tightness than AHS.