bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Grafting itaconic anhydride onto polyethylene using extrusion
Authors: Verbeek C. J. R. , Hanipah S. H.
Published: July 2010

Reactive extrusion was employed to graft itaconic anhydride (IA) onto polyethylene, using thermally induced peroxide decomposition. It was found that an increase in IA concentration lead to an increase in the degree of grafting (DOG), but only up to 6 wt % IA. Using di‐cumyl peroxide (DCP) as the initiator resulted in a higher DOG compared to di‐tert‐butyl peroxide (DTBP) and required less reaction time to achieve the same DOG. However, raising the IA concentration also resulted in an increase in cross‐linking. Increasing the initiator concentration from 0.2 to 2 wt % resulted in a higher DOG. However, 5 wt % initiator showed similar results compared to using 0.2 wt % due to termination by disproportionation, which has been shown to be more prevalent at high initiator concentrations. Degradation was clearly observed by the inability to form a continuous extrudate during extrusion as well as discolouration. A residence time of more than 50 seconds, using DCP and 120 s for DTBP didn't offer any further increase in the DOG and also resulted in more pronounced degradation. Optimizing grafting is therefore a trade‐off between maximal DOG and minimizing side reactions. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
Synthesis and Calcium Modulatory Activity of 3‐Alkyloxy‐ carbonyl‐4‐(disubstituted)aryl‐5‐oxo‐1,4,5,6,7,8‐hexa‐hydroquinoline Derivatives
Authors: Simsek Rahime , Öztürk Gökçe S. , Vural I. Mert , Gündüz Miyase G. , Sarıoǧlu Yusuf , Safak Cihat
Published: July 2010

In this study, twelve hexahydroquinoline derivatives which are condensed analogs of the 1,4‐DHP molecule were synthesized and evaluated for their calcium‐antagonistic activity. The results indicated that all compounds and nifedipine produced concentration‐dependent relaxation in rabbit gastric fundus smooth muscle strips. The relaxant effects of the compounds on the tissues were expressed as percentage of the precontraction using Ca2+. The maximum response (Emax) and pD2values (the negative logarithm of the concentration for the half‐maximal response (EC50)) were calculated. It is generally believed that introduction of a second electron‐withdrawing substituent into the phenyl ring increases the mentioned activity. Methyl‐2,7,7‐trimethyl‐4‐(2‐nitro‐5‐chlorophenyl)‐5‐oxo‐l,4,5,6,7,8‐hexahydroquinoline‐3‐carboxylate2ahas been found to be the most active compound in this serie.
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of 2,4,6‐Functionalized Derivatives of Pyrido[2,3‐d]pyrimidines as Cytotoxic Agents and Apoptosis Inducers
Authors: Sanmartín Carmen , Domínguez María Victoria , Cordeu Lucía , Cubedo Elena , García‐Foncillas Jesús , Font María , Palop Juan Antonio
Published: July 2010

In the search for new derivatives with anticancer activity that are able to induce a selective pro‐apoptotic mechanism in cancer cells, we have designed, synthesized, and evaluated a series of new 2‐(alkylsulfanyl)‐N‐alkylpyrido[2,3‐d]pyrimidine‐4‐amine derivatives as cytotoxic and apoptosis inducers. The potential antitumor activity of the compounds was evaluated in vitro by examining their cytotoxic effects against human breast, colon, and bladder cancer‐cell lines. The IC50 values of the compounds that showed cytotoxic activity were calculated. The cytotoxic compounds were then tested for their ability to induce caspase‐3 activation and nuclear‐chromatin degradation. Some compounds, such as 6c, 6d, 6e, 6j, 6o, and 6p, show significant in‐vitro cytotoxicity in at least two of the three tested cell lines, induced apoptosis, and also produced a rapid dose‐dependent increase in the caspase‐3 level in some of the cell lines tested. In order to test the selectivity of the compounds, two non‐tumoral human cell lines were used. Several compounds of the did not show cytotoxicity in these cell lines.
The prediction of human response to ONO‐4641, a sphingosine 1‐phosphate receptor modulator, from preclinical data based on pharmacokinetic–pharmacodynamic modeling
Authors: Ohno Tomoya , Hasegawa Chihiro , Nakade Susumu , Kitagawa Junsaku , Honda Naoki , Ogawa Mikio
Published: July 2010

The pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) parameters of ONO‐4641 in humans were estimated using preclinical data in order to provide essential information to better design future clinical studies. The characterization of PK/PD was measured in terms of decreased lymphocyte counts in blood after administration of ONO‐4641, a sphingosine 1‐phosphate receptor modulator. Using a two‐compartment model, human PK parameters were estimated from preclinical PK data of cynomolgus monkey andin vitrohuman metabolism data. To estimate human PD parameters, the relationship between lymphocyte counts and plasma concentrations of ONO‐4641 in cynomolgus monkeys was determined. The relationship between lymphocyte counts and plasma concentrations of ONO‐4641 was described by an indirect‐response model. The indirect‐response model had anImaxvalue of 0.828 and an IC50value of 1.29 ng/ml based on the cynomolgus monkey data. These parameters were used to represent human PD parameters for the simulation of lymphocyte counts. Other human PD parameters such as input and output rate constants for lymphocytes were obtained from the literature. Based on these estimated human PK and PD parameters, human lymphocyte counts after administration of ONO‐4641 were simulated. In conclusion, the simulation of human lymphocyte counts based on preclinical data led to the acquisition of useful information for designing future clinical studies. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of a 300 mT static magnetic field on human umbilical vein endothelial cells
Authors: Potenza Lucia , Martinelli Chiara , Polidori Emanuela , Zeppa Sabrina , Calcabrini Cinzia , Stocchi Laura , Sestili Piero , Stocchi Vilberto
Published: July 2010

This study describes the effects of a static magnetic field (SMF) on cell growth and DNA integrity of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Fast halo assay was used to investigate nuclear damage; quantitative polymerase chain reaction (QPCR), standard PCR, and real‐time PCR were used to evaluate mitochondrial DNA integrity, content, and gene expression. HUVECs were continually exposed to a 300 mT SMF for 4, 24, 48, and 72 h. Compared to control samples (unexposed cultures) the SMF‐exposed cells did not show a statistically significant change in their viability. Conversely, the static field was shown to be significant after 4 h of exposure, inducing damage on both the nuclear and mitochondrial levels, reducing mitochondrial content and increasing reactive oxygen species. Twenty‐four hours of exposure increased mitochondrial DNA content as well as expression of one of the main genes related to mitochondrial biogenesis. No significant differences between exposed and sham cultures were found after 48 and 72 h of exposure. The results suggest that a 300 mT SMF does not cause permanent DNA damage in HUVECs and stimulates a transient mitochondrial biogenesis. Bioelectromagnetics 31:630–639, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Regression Definite Integrals Using Only Observations with Positive σ‐Contribution
Authors: Glasbey C. A.
Published: July 2010

An algorithm is proposed for estimating the value of a definite integral in a regression model, subject to the constraint that increasing the value of any observation does not decrease the estimated value of the integral. It is shown that the estimator is consistent and asymptotically unbiased. It also has minimum variance in the special case of simple linear regression. In estimating the average milk yield of cows in 100‐day periods, using monthly observations and various non‐linear regression functions, the method produces estimates with lower mean square error than either least squares regression or simple averaging.
Potential‐Energy surface for double‐helical DNA with Watson‐Crick base Pairs. II. Complete energy minimization study
Authors: Tumanyan V. G. , Neyfack Yu. A. , Il'Icheva I. A.
Published: July 2010

In the previous paper in the series a full set of possible structures of double‐helical DNA was obtained on the basis of complete scanning throughout conformational space of dihedral angles. In this work, these conformations have been used as starting points for energy optimization. All structures with Watson‐Crick pairing coinciding with local minima of energy are deduced. These are right helices, B (a classical Wilkins B form), B1, B2 (the Watson and Crick form), B3, left helices, L1 (the Sasisekharan form), L2 (the Tumanyan et al. form), L3, and some helices without stacking of nucleotide pairs, K1‐K6. Conformations B2, L2, and L1 are close to the B form with respect to energy (L3, B1, and B3 have rather poor energy). Incidentally, the similarity expands to values of helical parameters. For the structures described, the various energetic contributions in total energy have been estimated. The types of sugar conformations are analyzed. The possible biological significance of the elaborated optimal structures is discussed.
Characterization of the transition state of Lysozyme unfolding. I. Effect of protein‐solvent interactions on the transition state
Authors: Segawa Shin‐Ichi , Sugihara Mitsuru
Published: July 2010

The influence of proline cis‐trans isomerization on the kinetics of lysozyme unfolding was examined carefully according to the theory of Hagerman and Baldwin [(1976) Biochemistry 15, 1462–1473]. As a result, the kinetics of lysozyme unfolding was found to follow the two‐state transition model well. The temperature dependencies of kuf and kf over a wide temperature range showed that ΔC = 0 and ΔC = −6.7 kJ K−1 mol−1 in solutions of different concentrations of GuHCl. The data observed in solutions containing other denaturants also supported the conclusion that ΔC is nearly equal to zero. The activation enthalpies of unfolding (ΔH) were observed at various concentrations of several kinds of denaturants. They were independent of species and concentrations of denaturants ΔH = 200 kJ mol−1). These facts indicate that the aspect of interaction between protein and different kinds of solvent molecules varies only slightly during the unfolding to the transition state, that is, the transition state is at compact as the native one. Therefore, it is also suggested that ΔH of 200 kJ mol−1 is primarily required for the disruption of long‐range interactions among different structural domains through a subtle conformational change. We compared the effects of several kinds of denaturants on the unfolding rate. The addition of PrOH more remarkably increases the unfolding rate than do other hydrophilic denaturants. This is probably because PrOH molecules can penetrate into the hydrophobic core of lysozyme, but hydrophilic reagents cannot because of the compactness of the transition state.
The DNA Phosphate orientation. Infrared data and energetically favorable structures
Authors: Pohle Walter , Zhurkin Victor B. , Fritzsche Hartmut
Published: July 2010

The conformation of nucleic acids can be probed reliably by the geometrical arrangement of the PO2‐ groups in the backbone. The phosphate arrangement is described by two angles, θOO and θOPO, which can be determined by several methods. In the present paper, the two angles obtained for the A, B, and C forms of DNA, experimentally by ir linear dichroism (LD) of oriented films as well as theoretically from energy‐minimized structures. The methodology of the phosphate angle determination from the ir dichroism spectra is presented in detail, elucidating the potentialities and limitations of this method. Advantageously, tilt and twist angles of the DNA bases, found by theoretical calculations, were used in the ir data processing. The phosphate angles were compared with the corresponding x‐ray and nmr results from the literature. Regarding the rather high flexibility of the double helix, as well as the sequence‐dependent variation of the conformational angles, a fairly good agreement between our results and the majority of all discussed data can be established. Thus ir LD provides reliable data on the orientation of phosphate groups in DNA. Reasons for discrepancies with some literature data from x‐ray fiber‐diffraction analysis, published several years ago, will be discussed.
Low‐Temperature conformation of Mg2+‐Poly(U) in D2O as revealed by IR and Raman Spectroscopy and by normal‐mode analysis treatment
Authors: Bandekar Jagdeesh , Zundel Georg
Published: July 2010

Infrared and Raman spectra of the Mg2+ salt of poly(U) in D2O were recorded in the 1600‐1800 cm−1 region and between 1 and 20C. The ir spectra showed a melting curve similar to the uv melting curves with a temperature of transition of about 6.5°C. This spectral change is assumed to be associated with the formation of the secondary structure of Mg2+‐poly(U) in D2O at this temperature. Three double‐helical and two triple‐helical structures were used as inputs to compute the normal modes of vibration. A double‐helical structure was found to give the best agreement with the observations. Knowledge of the C=0 eigenvectors, and of the expression for transition probability from quantum mechanics, was used to explain the so far unanswered question of H. T. Miles [(1964) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 51, 1104–1109; (1980) Biomolecular Structure, Conformation, Function and Evolution, Pergamon, Oxford, pp. 251–264] as to why there is an increase in the ir vibrational wave number of a carbonyl band when that group is H‐bonded to another polynucleotide chain in a helix. Such considerations also explain why a predicted band at about 1648 cm−1 is not to be seen in the ir spectra but is present in the Raman spectra. The model incorporating the CO transition dipole‐dipole coupling interaction is able to explain also the observed higher intensity of the higher wave‐number ir band. The experimental results demonstrate that the complete picture of vibrational dynamics of Mg2+‐poly(U) in D2O is obtained only by looking simultaneously at ir and Raman spectra and not at only one of them. Weak ir bands were found to be as useful as the strong ones in understanding structure and vibrational dynamics. On the bases of our ir and Raman spectra, of the normal‐mode analyses, and of the literature data, it is concluded that Mg2+‐poly(U) in D2O is present in a double‐helical structure at temperatures below the temperature of transition, whereby the uracil residues are paired according to arrangement (a) (see Fig. 1). This structure is rodlike and arises by refolding of one poly(U) chain. The computations show that no normal mode is associated with a single CO group vibration; all CO group vibrations are heavily mixed motions of various CO groups.
On the first‐neighbor analysis of nucleic acid CD spectra: The definitive T Matrix and considerations of various methods
Authors: Allen Fritz S. , Gray Donald M. , Ratliff Robert L.
Published: July 2010

The first‐neighbor approximation for the representation of double‐stranded polynucleotide CD has been widely applied. Two apparently different formalisms have appeared. We discuss and compare those formalisms and show them to be identical. We present an updated optimum basis set of polydeoxynucleotide CD spectra and the resulting first‐neighbor unit contribution matrix derived from these data.
Utility of high-resolution MR imaging to assess fibrous cap thickness, lipid-rich necrotic core and haemorrhage of carotid atheroma
Authors: Sadat U , Young V E , Graves M J , Gaunt M E , Varty K , Gillard J H
Published: July 2010

The following abstracts are from papers presented at the 43rd annual scientific meeting of the Vascular Society of Great Britain and Ireland, held in Bournemouth 12–14 November 2008. The President of the Society, Mr MJ Gough, was in the Chair. The BJS Prize was won by Mr TY Tang from Cambridge University Hospital, and the Founder's Prize was won by Mr PJE Holt from St George's Regional Vascular Institute, London.
Role of wound macrophages in skin flap loss or survival in an experimental diabetes model
Authors: Schürmann C , Seitz O , Sader R , Pfeilschifter J , Goren I , Frank S
Published: July 2010

Background

Tightly controlled wound inflammation is a central determinant of skin flap survival in healthy mice. This study investigated inflammatory response patterns in caudally pedicled skin flaps in diabetic mice during severely impaired conditions of necrotic skin flap tissue loss.

Methods

Skin flap biopsies were analysed by RNase protection assay, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, immunohistochemistry, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunoblotting.

Results

Skin flaps were characterized by the necrotic loss of tissue starting from distal areas of the flaps in diabetic mice. Decay of epidermal and dermal structures within skin flap tissue was paralleled by an immune cell-mediated expression of chemokines (macrophage inflammatory protein 2, macrophage chemoattractant protein 1), cyclo-oxygenase (COX) 2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). Distal regions of necrotic skin flap tissue were infiltrated by excess numbers of neutrophils and macrophages, and the latter were polarized towards a proinflammatory state as they expressed COX-2 and iNOS. Experimental depletion of inflammatory macrophages inhibited necrotic destruction of the distal skin flap tissue in diabetic mice despite the persistence of neutrophil infiltration and inflammation.

Conclusion

Wound macrophages play a pivotal role in determining the survival or loss of skin flap tissue under disturbed wound healing conditions in obese diabetic mice.
Determination of serum cholestanol by semi‐micro high‐performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection
Authors: Hojo Kazuhiro , Hakamata Hideki , Takahashi Aya , Hosokawa Yu‐Ya , Kusu Fumiyo
Published: July 2010

A simple and sensitive method that dose not require derivatization for determining cholestanol has been developed using HPLC with electrochemical detection (HPLC‐ECD). The current peak height was linearly related to the amount of cholestanol injected, ranging from 1 to 200 μM (r = 0.999). The detection limit (S/N = 3) of cholestanol was 0.23 μM (1.2 pmol). Total cholestanol in control human and mouse serum was determined by the present method with a recovery rate of more than 90% and an RSD (n = 5) of less than 7.3%. Further, this method was successfully applied to monitor experimental hypercholestanolemia in mice fed a high‐cholestanol diet, an animal model of cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis (CTX). In conclusion, we found this method to be both simple and useful for the determination of cholestanol in serum, helping in the diagnosis of CTX. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Relationships between structure, retention and biological activity of some Schiff base ligands and their complexes
Authors: Baošić Rada , Radojević Ana , Radulović Milanka , Miletić Srd̄an , Natić Maja , Tešić Živoslav
Published: July 2010

The lipophilicity of a series of Schiff base ligands and their complexes with nickel(II) and copper(II) has been determined by reversed‐phase thin‐layer chromatography using binary dioxane–water mobile phase. Chelate ligands were prepared by condensation of diamine and the corresponding β‐diketone. Copper(II) and nickel(II) complexes with chelate ligands containing ethane‐1,2‐diamine or propane‐1,2‐diamine as the amine part and pentane‐2,4‐dione and/or 1‐phenylbutane‐1,3‐dione, pentane‐2,4‐dione and/or 1,1,1‐trifluoropentane‐2,4‐dione, or 1,1,1‐trifluoropentane‐2,4‐dione and/or 1‐phenylbutane‐1,3‐dione as the β‐diketone part were synthesized. Some of investigated compounds were screened for their in vitro antifungal activity against Sacharomyces cerevisiae and antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli. Chromatographically obtained lipophilicity parameters were correlated both with calculated n‐octanol–water partition coefficient C log P and antimicrobial activities. Satisfactory correlations were obtained. Chromatographic data proved to be reliable parameters for describing the lipophilic properties of the investigated compounds. Additionally, the principal components analysis was performed on the data chromatographically obtained. This statistical method was useful for distinguishing compounds and objective comparison of their lipophilicity parameters. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Home‐made PIC 16F877 microcontroller‐based temperature control system for learning automatic control
Authors: Khairurrijal  , Abdullah Mikrajuddin , Budiman Maman
Published: July 2010

A closed‐loop temperature control system, which is composed of a thermal plant and a controller, has been developed to support undergraduate students in learning automatic control delivered in the Special Topics in Instrumentation Physics course. The thermal plant was made from a plastic box covering a lamp and a fan, which heats and drains the air in the plastic box, respectively, as well as a temperature sensor. The controller with a proportional control action was realized by employing the PIC 16F877 microcontroller. The control signal updates pulse‐width modulators (PWMs) in which driver circuits turn on or off the lamp and the fan. A mathematical model of the closed‐loop control system was derived and a theoretical transient response was then obtained. It is found that the experimental transient responses were always much lower than the set point and the steady‐state errors were high for the proportional sensitivity (KP) lower than 10. For KP higher than 10, the transient responses tend to approach the set point to cause small steady‐state errors. These characteristics are consistent with the theoretical transient response. Further examination revealed that the closed‐loop system is a higher order system due to the action of the PWMs and the driver circuits. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comput Appl Eng Educ 19: 10–17, 2011
Engineering education on supply‐chain management for students and for employees in industry
Authors: Ilie‐Zudor Elisabeth , Macchi Marco , Monostori László , Scotti Stefano , Kemény Zsolt
Published: July 2010

The paper presents a virtual institute, built in the form of an Internet‐based platform, for distance learning in the field of supply‐chain management. The Institute addresses students and teachers on university educational level, as well as employees in industry. Besides learning modules, the platform provides users with means to communicate, respectively to organise and execute project activities from remote locations. Means for on‐line content editing, and course administration are made available as well. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comput Appl Eng Educ 19: 81–88, 2011
Strategic learning of simulation and functional analysis in the design and assembly of mechanisms with CAD on a professional Master's degree course
Authors: Barbero Basilio Ramos , García García Rafael
Published: July 2010

Currently, programs that teach 3D CAD as part of an industrial engineering qualification in Spanish universities are structured around four pillars: solid design, surface design, model assemblage, and the drafting of plans. In this article, we add two new pillars: 3D CAD simulation and kinematic analysis of both mechanisms and assemblages, as part of the professional master's degree course entitled “Master's Degree in automotive components.” We should stress the novel content selected for this advanced CAD subject matter, in accordance with the needs of a group of firms and our prior experience of component design. Moreover, we recount our experiences, over two academic years, of student learning processes when using the EHEA‐based learning method that we refer to as “strategic knowledge.” The various innovative improvements throughout this experimental teaching approach were subjected to qualitative analysis. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comput Appl Eng Educ 19: 146–160, 2011
Practice tool based on open source SCADA for experimentation in nonlinear control using the inverted pendulum
Authors: García‐Nieto S. , Martínez M. , Salcedo J. , Laurí D.
Published: July 2010

This paper presents the potential of open source software for designing educational tools in the automatization field. In particular, this paper presents a complete tool that students can use for studying and testing nonlinear control algorithms. The system has three different parts that students can evaluate and modify. Firstly, a virtual model represents the physical model and, in this case, an inverted pendulum is used. Secondly, the controller is implemented by a real‐time distributed control system. Finally, the system can be managed with a JAVA application. Therefore, students have all the necessary elements to practice using nonlinear and complex systems. The main tools applied in the design are open source software and the developed platform is Generalized Public License(GPL). © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comput Appl Eng Educ 20: 137–148, 2012
Occupational health hazards in the interventional laboratory: Time for a safer environment
Authors: Klein Lloyd W. , Miller Donald L. , Balter Stephen , Laskey Warren , Haines David , Norbash Alexander , Mauro Matthew A. , Goldstein James A. ,   on behalf of the members of the Joint Inter‐Society Task Force on Occupational Hazards in the Interventional Laboratory
Published: July 2010

This document is a consensus statement by the major American societies of physicians who work in the interventional laboratory environment. It reviews available data on the prevalence of occupational health risks and summarizes ongoing epidemiologic studies designed to further elucidate these risks. Its purpose is to affirm that the interventional laboratory poses workplace hazards that must be acknowledged, better understood, and mitigated to the greatest extent possible. Vigorous efforts are advocated to reduce these hazards. Interventional physicians and their professional societies, working together with industry, should strive toward minimizing operator radiation exposure, eliminating the need for personal protective apparel, and ending the orthopedic and ergonomic consequences of the interventional laboratory work environment. © SIR, 2009.
Results after balloon angioplasty or stenting of atherosclerotic subclavian artery obstruction
Authors: Sixt Sebastian , Rastan Aljoscha , Schwarzwälder Uwe , Bürgelin Karlheinz , Noory Elias , Schwarz Thomas , Beschorner Ulrich , Frank Ulrich , Müller Christian , Hauk Michael , Leppanen Olli , Hauswald Kirsten , Brantner Regina , Nazary Taher , Neumann Franz‐Josef , Zeller Thomas
Published: July 2010

Introduction:

Endovascular therapy is an accepted treatment strategy in occlusive disease of the subclavian artery. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the technical and clinical long‐term outcome following either balloon angioplasty (plain balloon angioplasty (PTA)) or stenting.

Patients and Methods:

The authors retrospectively analyzed 108 interventions of atherosclerotic lesions of subclavian arteries or the brachiocephalic trunk (107 patients; mean age of 66 ± 9 years; 90% symptomatic) representing 92% of the patients treated with subclavian artery obstructive disease during a 10‐year period. Primary endpoint of the study was the 1‐year primary patency rate. Follow‐up was based on oscillometry, Doppler blood pressure measurements, and duplex ultrasound.

Results:

The primary success rate was 97% (100% for stenoses (78/78) and 87% for total occlusions (26/30)). Treatment modalities included PTA alone (13%; n = 14) or stenting (87%; n = 90) with balloon‐expandable (n = 61), self‐expanding (n = 17), or both types of devices (n = 12). The 1‐year primary patency rate of the 97 patients eligible for follow‐up was 88%, for the subgroups 79% (PTA) and 89% (stenting; P = 0.2). The blood pressure difference between both limbs at baseline was 45 ± 26 mm Hg and dropped to 10 ± 14 mm Hg (P < 0.001) after the intervention and 15 ± 19 mm Hg at 1 year (P < 0.01).

Conclusion:

Endovascular therapy of atherosclerotic subclavian artery obstructions result in excellent acute success rates even in total occlusions. Results evince good durability of endovascular therapy for atherosclerotic occlusive disease of subclavian arteries and with a trend towards better outcome with stenting compared to PTA. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Mesoporous Indium Tin Oxide as a Novel Platform for Bioelectronics
Authors: Frasca Stefano , von Graberg Till , Feng Jiu‐Ju , Thomas Arne , Smarsly Bernd M. , Weidinger Inez M. , Scheller Frieder W. , Hildebrandt Peter , Wollenberger Ulla
Published: July 2010

Stable immobilization and reversible electrochemistry of cytochrome c in a transparent indium tin oxide film with a well‐defined mesoporosity (mpITO) is demonstrated. The transparency and good conductivity, in combination with the large surface area of mpITO, allow the incorporation of a high amount of electroactive biomolecules and their electrochemical and spectroscopic investigation. UV/Vis and resonance Raman spectroscopy, in combination with direct protein voltammetry, are employed for the characterization of cytochrome c immobilized in the mpITO and reveal no perturbation of the structural integrity of the redox protein. The potential of this modified material as a biosensor for detection of superoxide anions is also demonstrated.
ChemInform Abstract: Use of Cyclic α,β‐Unsaturated Trifluoromethyl Sulfones in Diels—Alder Reactions and Michael Additions.
Authors: Billard Thierry , Langlois Bernard R. , Essers Michael , Haufe Guenter
Published: July 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Structural Characterization of the Li Argyrodites Li7PS6 and Li7PSe6 and Their Solid Solutions: Quantification of Site Preferences by MAS‐NMR Spectroscopy.
Authors: Kong Shiao Tong , Guen Oezguel , Koch Barbara , Deiseroth Hans Joerg , Eckert Hellmut , Reiner Christof
Published: July 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Low Thermal Expansion MBa(Co,M′)4O7 Cathode Materials Based on Tetrahedral‐Site Cobalt Ions for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells.
Authors: Kim Jung‐Hyun , Manthiram Arumugam
Published: July 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Room‐Temperature Synthesis Leading to Nanocrystalline Ag2V4O11.
Authors: Sauvage Frederic , Bodenez Vincent , Tarascon Jean‐Marie , Poeppelmeier Kenneth R.
Published: July 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of N,N‐Bis(nonaflyl) Squaric Acid Diamide and Its Application to Organic Reactions.
Authors: Cheon Cheol Hong , Yamamoto Hisashi
Published: July 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Simple and Highly Efficient Catalyst‐ and Waste‐Free Ring Opening of Epoxides with Na2S in Water.
Authors: Azizi Najmedin , Akbari Elham , Ebrahimi Frough , Saidi Mohammad R.
Published: July 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Mild, Efficient, and Regioselective Monobromination of Arylamines and Phenols Using [BBIm]Br3 as a New Reagent.
Authors: Borikar Sanjay P. , Daniel Thomas , Paul Vincent
Published: July 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: CO2‐Induced Amidobromination of Olefins with Bromamine‐T.
Authors: Hayakawa Junpei , Kuzuhara Mitsuhiro , Minakata Satoshi
Published: July 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Conversion of Isopropyl Alcohol to Acetone in Fullerite Cavities.
Authors: Shul'ga Yu. M. , Martynenko V. M. , Shestakov A. F. , Baskakov S. A. , Knerel'man E. I. , Trukhanenok A. N. , Davydova G. I. , Khodos I. I. , Murav'ev D. N.
Published: July 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: CH3COONa as an Effective Catalyst for Methoxycarbonylation of 1,6‐Hexanediamine by Dimethyl Carbonate to Dimethylhexane‐1,6‐dicarbamate.
Authors: Sun Da‐Lei , Xie Shun‐Ji , Deng Jian‐Ru , Huang Cai‐Juan , Ruckenstein Eli , Chao Zi‐Sheng
Published: July 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Carbon—Carbon Bond‐Forming Reactions of Aminoalkane Derivatives with Imines.
Authors: Chen Yi‐Jing , Seki Kazutaka , Yamashita Yasuhiro , Kobayashi Shu
Published: July 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Intermolecular Aminofluorination of Styrenes.
Authors: Qiu Shuifa , Xu Tao , Zhou Juan , Guo Yinlong , Liu Guosheng
Published: July 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: KHSO4 as an Efficient Catalytic System for the Regiospecific Nitration of Phenols with Metal Nitrates.
Authors: Baghernejad Bita , Oskooie Hossein A. , Heravi Majid M. , Beheshtiha Yahia Sh.
Published: July 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: An Asymmetric Nickel—Chromium Coupling Toward the Synthesis of Baylis—Hillman Adducts.
Authors: Fang Francis G. , Horstmann Thomas E. , Therrien Jonathan
Published: July 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: An Unexpected Guanidine‐Catalyzed Amination Reaction Leading to (Z)‐α‐Aminocinnamamides.
Authors: Jiang Bo , Tu Shu‐Jiang
Published: July 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Broensted Acid‐Catalyzed Efficient Strecker Reaction of Ketones, Amines and Trimethylsilyl Cyanide.
Authors: Zhang Guang‐Wu , Zheng Dong‐Hua , Nie Jing , Wang Teng , Ma Jun‐An
Published: July 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Guanidine Complex Immobilized on SBA‐16: A Highly Active and Recyclable Catalyst for Suzuki Coupling and Alcohol Oxidation.
Authors: Yang Hengquan , Han Xiaojing , Ma Zhancheng , Wang Runqin , Liu Jing , Ji Xiangfei
Published: July 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Chemical Reactivity of New Azaenamines Incorporated the 4,5,6,7‐Tetrahydrobenzo[b]thiophene Moiety: [3 + 3] Atom Combination.
Authors: Abdelhamid Ismail Abdelshafy , Darwish Elham Sayed , Nasra Miead Adel , Abdel‐Gallil Fathy Mohamed , Fleita Daisy Hanna
Published: July 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Chiral Silver Amide Catalyzed Enantioselective [3 + 2] Cycloaddition of α‐Aminophosphonates with Olefins.
Authors: Yamashita Yasuhiro , Guo Xun‐Xiang , Takashita Ryuta , Kobayashi Shu
Published: July 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Pd(II)‐Catalyzed Olefination of sp3 C—H Bonds.
Authors: Wasa Masayuki , Engle Keary M. , Yu Jin‐Quan
Published: July 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Insecticidal Activity of 5‐Substituted‐sulfonylaminopyrazole Derivatives.
Authors: Zhang Xiaohong , Lv Ting , Li Shuyan , Chen Yena , Zhong Ping
Published: July 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Synthesis of 2‐Aminobenzimidazoles from Isoselenocyanates.
Authors: Xie Yuanyuan , Zhang Fan , Li Jianjun , Shi Xiangjun
Published: July 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Lithium Bromide as a Mild, Efficient, and Recyclable Catalyst for the One‐Pot Synthesis of Tetrahydro‐4H‐chromene Derivatives in Aqueous Media.
Authors: Sun Wen‐Bo , Zhang Peng , Fan Jia , Chen Shao‐Hua , Zhang Zhan‐Hui
Published: July 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper(II)‐Catalyzed ortho‐Acyloxylation of the 2‐Arylpyridines sp2 C—H Bonds with Anhydrides, Using O2 as Terminal Oxidant.
Authors: Wang Wenhui , Luo Fang , Zhang Shouhui , Cheng Jiang
Published: July 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Rhodium‐Catalyzed Complete Regioselective Intermolecular Cross‐Cyclotrimerization of Aryl Ethynyl Ethers and Nitriles or Isocyanates at Room Temperature.
Authors: Komine Yoshiyuki , Tanaka Ken
Published: July 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of New Pyrrolo[2,3‐d]pyrimidine Derivatives and Evaluation of Their Activities Against Human Colon Cancer Cell Lines.
Authors: Tangeda Saritha Jyostna , Garlapati Achaiah
Published: July 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Tandem Palladium‐Catalyzed Addition/Cyclocarbonylation: An Efficient Synthesis of 2‐Heteroquinazolin‐4(3H)‐ones.
Authors: Zeng Fanlong , Alper Howard
Published: July 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: An Eco‐Friendly Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activities of Dihydro‐2H‐benzo‐ and Naphtho‐1,3‐oxazine Derivatives.
Authors: Mathew Bijoy P. , Kumar Awanit , Sharma Satyasheel , Shukla P. K. , Nath Mahendra
Published: July 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A Highly Regioselective Synthesis of 8‐Hydroxy‐3‐sulfanyl‐7‐undecyl‐5H‐[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4‐b] [1,3,4]benzothiadiazole‐6,9‐dione (III) and Its Derivatives (V).
Authors: Vakiti Srinivas , Rao Vedula Rajeswar
Published: July 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Intramolecular Aryl Amination Reaction: An Expeditious Approach to the Synthesis of Chiral Benzodiazocine Derivatives.
Authors: Adhikary Nirmal Das , Chattopadhyay Partha
Published: July 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A Cembranoid, Trocheliophorol (I), from the Cultured Soft Coral Sarcophyton trocheliophorum.
Authors: Su Jui‐Hsin , Lu Yi , Lin Wan‐Yu , Wang Wei‐Hsien , Sung Ping‐Jyun , Sheu Jyh‐Horng
Published: July 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Characterization and in vitro Pharmacology of Novel Pregabalin Derivatives.
Authors: Horvat Stefica , Homersak Zdenko , Stipetic Irena , Jolas Thierry
Published: July 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Diarylpropane from the Stem Bark of Lindera erythrocarpa Makino
Authors: Ko Ryeo Kyeong , Kang Min‐Chul , Jin Yeon‐Jun , Choi Ho‐Min , Kim Bong‐Seok , Han Jong‐Heon , Kim Gi‐Ok , Lee Nam Ho
Published: July 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Positive Electrode Materials for Li‐Ion and Li‐Batteries
Authors: Ellis Brian L. , Lee Kyu Tae , Nazar Linda F.
Published: July 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Carbonyl Group‐Containing Organometallic Intramolecular‐Coordination Five‐Membered Ring Compounds
Authors: Omae Iwao
Published: July 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Heteroleptic Samarium(II) Complexes by Base‐Induced Reduction
Authors: Meyer Gerd
Published: July 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.