bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DOES HIGH BACTERIAL LOAD IN SONICATION OF MOBILE PARTS PREDICT FAILURE AFTER DAIR IN PROSTHETIC JOINT INFECTIONS?
Authors: Oehen Loris , Morgenstern Mario , Wetzel Katinka , Goldenberger Daniel , Kühl Richard , Clauss Martin , Sendi Parham
Published: November 2023

Aim

One of the surgical therapeutic options for periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) includes debridement, antibiotics, and implant retention (DAIR). Prognostically favorable criteria for DAIR include short duration of symptoms, stable implant, pathogen susceptible to a ‘biofilm-active’ antimicrobial agent, and intact soft-tissue conditions. Despite this, there is a proportion of failures after DAIR, possibly because the duration of infection is underestimated. With the hypothesis that the duration of infection correlates with the bacterial load, and hence, the bacterial load is associated with failure after DAIR, we aimed to investigate the association of bacterial load in the sonication fluid of mobile parts and clinical outcome after DAIR.

Method

From our PJI cohort (2010–2021), patients with DAIR (both palliative and curative approaches) were reviewed retrospectively. Patients with hip, knee or shoulder arthroplasties fulfilling infection definition, available sonication results, and ≥2 years follow-up were included. Sonication results were categorized in ≤ or >1000 cfu/mL. Univariate analysis was performed to identify predictors for DAIR failure.

Results

Out of 209 PJIs, we identified 96 patients (100 PJIs, 47.8%) with DAIR. In 67 (69.8%) patients with 71 PJIs, there was a follow-up of ≥2 years. The mean age was 72.7 (SD 12.99) years, 50% were male. The infection affected 36 hips (50.7%), 32 knees (45.1%) and 3 shoulders (4.2%). At follow-up, there were 29 (40.8%) cured and 42 (59.2%) failed cases. When comparing failed and cured cases, we found no difference in comorbidities and previously defined risk factors for PJI, ASA score, Charlson score, anatomic location, no. of previous surgeries, pathogenesis of infection or laboratory values. The proportion of patients with high bacterial load on mobile parts (i.e. >1000 cfu/mL) was significantly higher in the failed DAIR group than it was in the cured group (61.9% vs 20.7%, p<0.001).

Conclusions

In this study, a high bacterial load in sonication fluid of mobile parts was associated with failure after DAIR in patients with PJI. Sonication may help to differentiate acute hematogenous seeding to the implant and late reactivation of a previously silent implant-associated infection.
TOWARDS PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS OF INFECTED NONUNION OF FEMUR OR TIBIA WITH TARGETED PROTEOMICS IN BLOOD PLASMA
Authors: Weisemann Ferdinand , Siverino Claudia , Trenkwalder Katharina , Heider Anja , Moriarty Fintan , Hackl Simon
Published: November 2023

Aim

Differentiation of infected (INF) nonunion from aseptic (AS) nonunion is crucial for the choice of intra- and postoperative treatment. Preoperative diagnosis of infected nonunion is challenging, especially in case of low-grade infection lacking clinical signs of infection. Standard blood markers such as C-reactive protein or leucocyte count do not aid in preoperative diagnosis. Proteomic profiling has shown promising results for differentiation of numerous chronic disease states, and in this study was applied to preoperative blood samples of patients with nonunion in an attempt to identify potential biomarkers.

Method

This prospective multicenter study enrolled patients undergoing revision surgery of femur or tibia nonunion. Patients with implant removal after regular fracture healing (HEAL) were included as a control-group. Preoperative blood samples, intraoperative tissue samples, sonication of osteosynthesis material and 1-year-follow-up questionnaire were taken. Nonunion patients were grouped into INF or AS after assessing bacterial culture and histopathology of retrieved samples. Diagnosis of infection followed the fracture related infection consensus group criteria, with additional consideration of healing one year after revision surgery. Targeted proteomics was used to investigate a predefined panel of 45 cytokines in preoperative blood samples. Statistical differences were calculated with Kruskal Wallis and Dunn's post hoc test. Cytokines with less than 80% of samples being above the lower limit of detection range (LLDR) were excluded for this study.

Results

We recruited 62 AS, 43 INF and 32 HEAL patients. Patients in the two nonunion groups (INF and AS) did not differ concerning smoking, diabetes or initial open or closed fracture. Thirty-two cytokines were above LLDR in >80% of patients. INF patients showed a significant difference in expression of 8 cytokines compared to AS, with greatest differences observed for Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor 1 (MCSF-1) and Hepatocyte Growth Factor (HGF) (p<0.01). In comparing AS with HEAL patients, 9 cytokines displayed significant differences, including interleukin (IL)-6, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A (VEGFA), Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 (MMP-1). Comparison of INF with HEAL patients revealed significantly different expression of 20 cytokines, including. IL-6, IL-18, VEGFA or MMP-1.

Conclusions

Our study revealed differences in plasma cytokine profile of blood samples from INF and AS patients. Although no single biomarker is sufficient to differentiate these patients preoperatively in isolation, future multivariant analysis of this cytokine data in combination with clinical characteristics may provide valuable diagnostic insights.

Funded by German Social Accident Insurance (FF-FR 0276) and AO Trauma (AR2021_04).
DAIR TO STOP: SUPPRESSIVE ANTIBIOTIC TREATMENT AFTER 12 WEEKS OF THERAPY IS NOT BENEFICIAL FOR ACUTE PERIPROSTHETIC JOINT INFECTIONS
Authors: Tai Geno , Tande Aaron , Langworthy Benjamin , Have Bas Ten , Jutte Paul , Zijlstra Wierd , Soriano Alex , Wouthuyzen-Bakker Marjan
Published: November 2023

Aim

Debridement, antibiotics, and implant retention (DAIR) is a viable treatment option for acute periprosthetic joint infections (PJI). The landmark DATIPO trial of Bernard et al. concluded that six weeks is not non-inferior to 12-week antibiotic therapy for DAIR. However, it is unknown if suppressive antibiotic treatment (SAT) would improve patient outcomes. Therefore, our study aims to evaluate the utility of SAT after 12 weeks of therapy.

Method

We performed a retrospective study of patients with acute hip or knee PJI managed with DAIR at five institutions; in the U.S. (n=1), Netherlands (n=3), and Spain (n=1) from 2005–2020. We analyzed the effect of SAT using a Cox model among patients after 12 weeks of antibiotic treatment. The primary covariate of interest was whether the patient was on antibiotics after week 12, which was coded as a time-varying covariate. We decided a-priori to control for the clinically important risk factors such as age, sex, type of infection, modular exchange, joint, and presence of bacteremia and Staphylococcus aureus. We excluded patients who died, had treatment failure, or were lost to follow-up before 12 weeks. We defined treatment failure as infection recurrence (same or different organism), unexpected reoperation, or death due to infection.

Results

There were 504 patients included in the study. The majority were female (58%, n=292), with a mean age of 70 years ago (SD 11). Hips and knees were equally proportioned. Primary arthroplasties represented 69% of the total cohort (n=349). Treatment failure was 11.9% in the total cohort (n=60). There was no statistically significant association between SAT after 12 weeks and treatment failure (HR 1.25, p=0.45, 95% CI 0.70–2.24). This finding was consistent across different subgroups, including hip or knee joints, early or late acute infections, cohort, and a subgroup of knee joints after 180 days.

Conclusions

SAT after 12 weeks of antibiotic treatment for acute PJI managed with DAIR does not appear to improve patient outcomes.
BIOFILM OF CUTIBACTERIUM ACNES: TARGET OF DIFFERENT ACTIVE SUBSTANCES
Authors: d'Epenoux Louise Ruffier , Fayoux Erwan , Veziers Joelle , Dagnelie Marie-Ange , Khamari Amir , Deno Brigitte , Corvec Stephane
Published: November 2023

Background

Although described as a commensal bacterium with low pathogenicity, Cutibacterium acnes involvement has been reported in many clinical entities: infections associated with devices, such as shoulder prosthetic joint infections, osteosynthesis, breast implants or cerebrospinal fluid shunts. Various studies show that C. acnes grows as a biofilm, contributing to its persistence by allowing its escape from the action of the immune system and antibiotics.

Purpose

Our aim was to assess the activity of different active substances (erythromycin, clindamycin, doxycycline and Myrtacine®) on eight different well-characterized C. acnes strains after growth in biofilm mode.

Methods

Eight susceptible strains of C. acnes were selected for this study, including two reference strains (ATCC6919 and ATCC11827) and six clinical strains. All C. acnes strains were studied using two different methods to study the biofilm production at different time points: the BioFilm Ring Test® technique (early stages of adhesion) and the Crystal Violet (CV) method (mature biofilm). In a second step, the impact of different active substances (erythromycin, clindamycin, doxycycline and Myrtacine®) was studied. For the CV technique, two types of tests were performed: preventive tests (addition of active substances and bacteria at the same time) and curative challenge tests (addition of active substances on a biofilm already formed after 48h). Transmission electron microscopy was performed to investigate the morphology modifications.

Results

C. acnes isolates from phylotypes IA1 and IA2, seem to produce more mature biofilm in the first stages of adhesion than other phylotypes. Curative assays were performed to evaluate the efficacy of antibiotics and Myrtacine® on mature biofilm. Significant efficacy of Myrtacine® at 0.03% was observed for C. acnes strains. Moreover, the combination of Myrtacine® and doxycycline appears to decrease the total biofilm biomass. The effect of doxycycline as a preventive measure was minimal. On the contrary, a similar use of Myrtacine® as early as 0.001% showed significant efficacy with a significant decrease in total biofilm biomass for all C. acnes strains. Transmission electron microscopy revealed a significantly decreased biofilm growth in treated bacteria with Myrtacine® compared to untreated bacteria. Moreover, the total number of bacteria decreased as the concentration of Myrtacine® increased suggesting also an antimicrobial effect.

Conclusion

These results confirm the difference in biofilm producing ability depending on C. acnes phylotypes. These results suggest that Myrtacine® may be a promising alternative antibacterial and anti-biofilm agent like peroxide de benzoyle to prevent shoulder prosthetic joint infection involving planktonic and biofilm C. acnes.
MENTAL HEALTH AND EXPERIENCED PHYSICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL IMPAIRMENT IN PATIENTS WITH MUSCULOSKELETAL INFECTIONS
Authors: Wetzel Katinka , Mueller Annabell , Mathys Mandy , Morgenstern Mario , Clauss Martin
Published: November 2023

Aim

Musculoskeletal infection is a serious complication, however literature is lacking prospective data on its impact on mental health. The study aimed to assess mental health in patients with musculoskeletal infections and how they experience the possible mental and physical impairment.

Method

All patients treated in our unit for musculoskeletal infections between July 2020 and March 2022 were prospectively included. To assess specific patient reported outcomes the following questionnaires were used: World-Health-Organization Quality-Of-Life (WHOQOL)-BREF and the Veterans-RAND-12Item Health Survey (VR-12) for mental & physical health; Patient-Health-Questionnaire (PHQ-8) for depression symptoms; Generalized-Anxiety-Disorder-Scale-7 (GAD-7) for anxiety symptoms and Somatic-Symptom-Disorder-B Criteria Scale (SSD-12) for experience of mental & physical impairment. The surveys were conducted at baseline, 6 and 12-weeks and 1-year.

Results

In total 199 patients were included (31 fracture-related infections, 80 prosthetic joint infections, 40 diabetic foot syndromes and 48 other musculoskeletal infections).

Physical health was significantly worse 6 weeks after treatment compared to baseline (WHOQOL p=.002; VR-12 p<.001), but significantly better at 3-months (p<.001; p=.006) and 12-months (p=.003; p<.001). Mental health was significantly worse at 3-months (WHOQOL p=.002), but at final follow-up significantly better (VR-12 p=.046). Social relationships (domain of WHOQOL) were perceived significantly worse 6 weeks and 12 months after treatment initiation (p=.003; p=.007), as were environmental factors.

At baseline moderate to severe depression symptoms (PHQ-8≥10) and moderate to severe anxiety symptoms (GAD-7≥10) were observed in 14.6%, respectively 10.6% of all patients. At 12-months these were 7.4% and 3%.

Over the course of treatment, only patients with DFS showed a significant change in experienced psychological or physical impairment, which was perceived significantly less compared 6 weeks to 12 months (p=.042).

Conclusions

Patients with musculoskeletal infections suffer from a considerable impact on their mental health. The greatest impairment in physical health was seen 6 weeks after beginning of treatment. The psychological well-being was worse at 3-months. Environmental factors, such as mobility, activities of daily living and dependence on medication or medical treatment were worst at 3-months. Also increasingly worse social relationships over the course of treatment was observed.

Further studies are needed to identify psychological impairment and related factors, as well as to determine how patients cope with their disease and treatment. This could serve as a foundation to implement treatment algorithms in order to improve patient related outcome and quality of life.
Das KOMMA-Korpus und seine vielseitige Nutzbarkeit: Die deutsche Standardvarietät in Südtirol
Authors: Leonardi Mara Maya Victoria
Published: November 2023

This paper outlines the construction of the KOMMA corpus and the presentation and analysis of selected case studies. The paper contains written and oral data from young adults attending the final year of a German-language high school in South Tyrol. In addition to describing the data collection and the methods used, the paper will also go into more detail about the data processing (transcription, normalisation, lemmatisation and POS tagging). Finally, some research results illustrate the usability of the corpus, with selected case studies from the field of word formation and lexis being presented.
Kein italienisches dabei?
Authors: Roncoroni Tiziana
Published: November 2023

The study describes Italian functional equivalents of the pronominal adverb dabei on the basis of InterCorp parallel corpora. The multifunctionality of German deictic-based pronominal adverbs, in particular of dabei, suggests such interlingual analyses. The present one confirms the wide range of options to translate dabei: verbal phrases (many with gerundio), very different and more or less lexicalised prepositional phrases in adverbial (only sporadic in conjunctive) function, especially with in and con as head, adverbs (most of them connective adverbs), lexical and syntactic additions, reformulations, (pseudo-)cleft sentences. Moreover, new insights into the correlations between several parameters for analysis have been gained, among them the following ones: dabei in Vorfeld-position is often rendered with marked syntactic constructions mostly conveying concession; dabei in Mittelfeld, on the other hand, seems to favour rendering through prepositional phrases. With reference to verbal phrases, Gerundio mainly goes along with temporal dabei, sometimes with further pragmatic nuances in the interpretation, whereas finite modes translate local dabei. Finally, the tendency to make the reading of dabei explicit can be observed.
Design strategy to convert blue fluorescence emitters into blue TADF emitters by enhancing the electron-withdrawing ability of the acceptor
Authors: Ting Li , hai Liu , Yang Yang
Published: November 2023

This paper proposes a method for converting blue fluorescence emitters into blue TADF emitters by improving the acceptor's electron-withdrawing abilities. In this case, two electron-withdrawing units (cyano and trifluoromethyl) are used in modified benzene to control the acceptor's electron-withdrawing ability. The ability of the cyano group to withdraw electrons has a substantial impact on the intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) outcome, thereby influencing the photoelectric characteristics of emitters in a significant way. It was discovered that a stronger CT state resulted in a lower singlet-triplet energy splitting (EST). The EST for the blue TADF emitter (BiCzCNPh) is 0.20 eV, while that for the fluorescent emitter (BiCzCF3Ph) is 0.60 eV. The EQEmax, current efficiency, and power efficiency of BiCzCNPh-based organic light-emitting diodes are 7.28%, 8.28 cd/A, and 6.19 lm/W, respectively, in contrast to their equivalents which have 2.35%, 2.33 cd/A, and 1.88 lm/W. Moreover, at 100 cd m-2, roll-off efficacy was exceptionally poor, with 6.20% EQE. For BiCzCNPh, a narrow emission band that had 71 nm FWHM generated exceptional color purity, as measured by a CIE(x,y) value of (0.16, 0.14). From the outcomes presented above, the suggested design approach has the potential to transform blue fluorescent molecules to TADF ones.
Virtual reality as a drug-free treatment for depression in the elderly: Considerations of creating a bespoke software treatment
Authors: Mobbs Sophie , Lund Geir Kristian
Published: November 2023

While the use of virtual reality as a drug-free medical treatment for pain has a history spanning decades, its use as a treatment for depression has a much shorter and less expansive history. Few studies have been published, and most of these have relied upon using existing, commercial games to treat depressed patients. However, commercially available games tend to be designed for a younger audience who are assumed to be in full mental health and often already comfortable and knowledgeable in the expectations of gameplay and with a familiarity or interest in technology. This article describes the creation of two short, experimental prototype virtual reality games designed specifically for the needs of elderly, profoundly depressed patients. The reasoning behind the creation of the prototypes are outlined, together with the difficulties and considerations of this approach, what was learned and how approaches to designing, animating and creating more advanced prototype games might be brought forward into the next stage of research. This article is also presented as an example of how artists, animators and designers can utilize their skills to bring richness and value to new applications and medical treatments through the medium of virtual reality and serious games.
Adopting Comparative Fiqh Methodology in Islamic Jurisprudence: Facing Contemporary Challenges with Ethical Considerations
Authors: Osman Affa Mohammed Saeed
Published: November 2023

The challenges faced by contemporary Muslim communities are increasingly complex and multifaceted. To address these challenges effectively, there is a growing recognition of the necessity of adopting a comparative methodology within Islamic jurisprudence. The objective of this study is to underscore the importance of incorporating a comparative methodology in Islamic jurisprudence to navigate the diverse and evolving challenges in the modern world. The research employs a multidisciplinary approach, using a qualitative research methods. This study found that the impact of incorporating comparative methodology in Islamic jurisprudence is profound. It promotes relevance, harmony, ethical guidance, and adaptability while fostering consensus, community empowerment, and interdisciplinary engagement. The comparative methodology within Islamic jurisprudence is an indispensable tool for addressing contemporary challenges. It fosters a deeper understanding of diverse perspectives and promotes harmonious coexistence among different schools of thought. By embracing a dynamic and adaptable approach, Islamic law can effectively respond to the multifaceted issues of the modern world while preserving its core values and principles. This research provides practical recommendations for scholars, jurists, and policymakers on how to incorporate comparative methodology in addressing contemporary challenges within the framework of Islamic jurisprudence.[Tantangan yang dihadapi oleh masyarakat Muslim kontemporer semakin kompleks dan beragam. Untuk mengatasi tantangan-tantangan ini secara efektif, ada pengakuan yang semakin besar akan perlunya mengadopsi metodologi komparatif dalam fikih Islam. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menggarisbawahi pentingnya menggabungkan metodologi perbandingan dalam yurisprudensi Islam untuk menavigasi tantangan yang beragam dan terus berkembang di dunia modern. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan multidisipliner, menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa dampak dari penggabungan metodologi komparatif dalam yurisprudensi Islam sangat besar. Metode ini mendorong relevansi, harmoni, panduan etika, dan kemampuan beradaptasi sambil mendorong konsensus, pemberdayaan masyarakat, dan keterlibatan interdisipliner. Metodologi komparatif dalam fikih Islam adalah alat yang sangat diperlukan untuk menjawab tantangan kontemporer. Metodologi ini menumbuhkan pemahaman yang lebih dalam tentang perspektif yang beragam dan mendorong koeksistensi yang harmonis di antara berbagai mazhab. Dengan merangkul pendekatan yang dinamis dan mudah beradaptasi, hukum Islam dapat secara efektif merespons berbagai isu dunia modern sambil tetap mempertahankan nilai-nilai dan prinsip-prinsip utamanya. Penelitian ini memberikan rekomendasi praktis bagi para cendekiawan, ahli hukum, dan pembuat kebijakan tentang bagaimana menggabungkan metodologi komparatif dalam menjawab tantangan kontemporer dalam kerangka yurisprudensi Islam.]
Gray Divorce at Palembang Religious Court 2022: Factors Associated with Old Age Divorce
Authors: Putri Ellis Lindini , Dewi Rusmala , Azhari Ari
Published: November 2023

Divorce is a phenomenon that is experienced in various age ranges, including among the elderly showing an increasing trend. Previous studies emphasize the negative impact of divorce in old age. This study aims to identify the factors that lead to divorce among the elderly, particularly in the Palembang Religious Court, as well as understand the judges' views on this phenomenon. This field research used a qualitative approach, involving interviews with four judges and analyzing 56 divorce decisions among the elderly. The findings show that elderly couples tend to delay divorce in order to sustain the household, especially for the sake of their children. The decision to divorce is made when they feel unable to endure further problems, considering the greater impact. Thirteen main factors were cited as reasons why elderly couples decided to divorce. While judges attempted mediation, they did not have the authority to force a settlement. The results of this study are expected to provide valuable guidance for legal practitioners and policy makers in designing programs to prevent divorce at an elderly age. The limitation of this study lies in its focus only on the views of judges and decisions in religious courts. Examining the opinions of older people who have divorced directly has not been done, an aspect that needs further research.[Perceraian merupakan fenomena yang terjadi di berbagai rentang usia, termasuk di kalangan lansia yang menunjukkan peningkatan tren. Kajian sebelumnya menegaskan dampak negatif dari perceraian di usia lanjut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang memicu perceraian di kalangan lansia, khususnya di Pengadilan Agama Palembang, serta memahami pandangan hakim terhadap fenomena ini. Penelitian lapangan ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, melibatkan wawancara dengan empat hakim dan menganalisis 56 putusan perceraian di kalangan lansia. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa pasangan lanjut usia cenderung menunda perceraian demi mempertahankan rumah tangga, terutama demi anak-anak mereka. Keputusan bercerai diambil ketika mereka merasa tak mampu lagi menahan permasalahan lebih lanjut, dengan pertimbangan dampak yang lebih besar. Terdapat tiga belas faktor utama yang menjadi alasan pasangan lanjut usia dalam memutuskan perceraian. Meskipun hakim berupaya melakukan mediasi, namun mereka tidak memiliki kewenangan untuk memaksa perdamaian. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan memberikan panduan berharga bagi praktisi hukum dan pembuat kebijakan dalam merancang program pencegahan perceraian di usia lanjut. Keterbatasan penelitian ini terletak pada fokusnya yang hanya pada pandangan hakim dan putusan di pengadilan agama. Menguji pendapat lansia yang telah bercerai secara langsung belum dilakukan, menjadi aspek yang perlu diteliti lebih lanjut.]
Caballería andante en bicicleta: heroísmo en «Stranger Things»
Authors: Ramos Vera Mario
Published: November 2023

La serie Stranger Things, de los hermanos Duffer (2016-…) no recoge de manera evidente la figura del caballero andante, pero sí aparecen indicios de los rasgos característicos de la caballería, como una manifestación del camino del héroe. Además, la serie también compendia elementos propios del género como el enfrentamiento contra el terror, la búsqueda heroica y la dama sobrenatural. Los jóvenes protagonistas se erigen en una suerte de caballeros en bicicleta, ayudados por otros jóvenes y por adultos. Esta recepción del héroe y del caballero en un producto audiovisual de la cultura popular como Stranger Things da cuenta de la vigencia de estos mitos en la actualidad
María Zambrano y el saber humanístico que debe acompañar siempre a la filosofía
Authors: Sánchez Orantos Antonio Jesús María
Published: November 2023

Una de las tareas fundamentales que la verdadera filosofía tiene que enfrentar para recuperar su espacio propio entre los saberes humanos es rescatar tanto a la realidad como a la vida humana de las rígidas estructuras conceptuales que ha propuesto un cierto modo de hacer filosofía, el racionalismo/ idealismo que siempre, por eso, terminó siendo rigidez moral. Fue la tarea que se propuso Ortega y Gasset bajo el lema: El tema de nuestro tiempo. Y es la tarea que, con su novedosa comprensión de la razón, razón poética, María Zambrano quiere continuar. Porque cuando la filosofía no se hace cargo de la vida humana, ésta, la vida humana, abandona la filosofía y pierde así una de las posibilidades más fundamentales para dar sentido a su vida.
Synthesis and Structure of the Reaction Product of Penta-para-tolyl antimony with Heptafluoropropyl(t-butyl)diketone-1,3 p-Tol4Sb[t-BuC(O)CHC(O)C3F7]
Authors:   South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation, Sopshina D.
Published: November 2023

Penta(para-tolyl)antimony reacts with heptafluoropropyl(t-butyl)diketone-1,3 with the splitting out of toluene and formation of the substitution product p-Tol4Sb[t-BuC(O)СHС(О)С3F7] (1), yielding 82%. The compound was identified by IR spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis. The X-ray analysis was performed on an automatic four-circle diffractometer D8 Quest Bruker (MoK radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å, graphite monochromator) at 293 K. Crystal size is 0.59 × 0.48 × 0.13 mm, P-1, a = 10.47(2), b = 10.94(2), c = 17.04 (3) Å, α = 73.12 (6), β = 88.94(8), γ = 89.94(8) deg., V = 1867 (7) Å3, Z = 2, ρ = 1.39 g/cm3, F(000) = 792.0, the 2θ interval is 3.89–56.999 deg., R1 = 0.2213, wR2 = 0.5429. According to the X-ray diffraction data, compound 1 is a molecular complex, in which the antimony atoms have an octahedral coordination with two oxygen atoms and two carbon atoms in the equatorial plane; the axial positions are occupied by the two remaining tolyl ligands. The CSbC axial angle is strongly distorted and is equal to 159.6 (8)°. The CSbO diagonal angles in the equatorial plane are 167.1(7)°, 166.9(7)°. The lengths of the Sb–C bonds are 2.11(2) and 2.19 (3) Å. The formation of the chain spatial structure of crystals is due to formation of bonds between the molecules involving fluorine (H∙∙∙F 2.64−2.83 Å) and carbon (C∙∙∙F 3.005 Å) atoms. Complete tables of atomic coordinates, bond lengths, and valence angles are deposited in the Cambridge Structural Data Bank (No. 2067768 (1); deposit@ccdc.cam.ac.uk or http://www.ccdc.cam.ac.uk/data_request/cif).
Synthesis and Structure of Tris(2-methoxy-5-clorophenyl)antimony Difluoride
Authors:   South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation, Belov S.
Published: November 2023

Tris(2-methoxy-5-chlorophenyl)antimony difluoride (1) has been obtained by the substitution reaction between tris(2-methoxy-5-chlorophenyl)antimony dibromide and sodium fluoride in an aqueous acetone solution, yielding 92%, after crystallization from a mixture of acetonitrile and octane. The compound has been identified by IR spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis. According to the X-ray diffraction data, yellow-brown crystals 1 have a slightly distorted trigonal-bipyramidal coordination with axially arranged halogen atoms. According to a diffractometer D8 QUEST Bruker, the critical parameters of the unit cell of the compound are: space group P–1, a = 12.93(10), b = 14.84(18), c = 15.1(2) Å, α = 64.5(6)°, β = 65.6(4)°, γ = 65.1(3)°, V = 2269(46) Å3, ρcalc = 1.711 g/cm3, Z = 2. The Sb–C bond lengths are 2.09(4), 2.08(5), and 2.06(4) Å, the CSbC valence angles are 116.99(2), 122.05(2), 120.86(1)°. The Sb–F bond lengths are 1.995(3) and 1.936(3). The oxygen atoms of the methoxy groups are coordinated to the metal atom [the Sb∙∙∙OMe intramolecular distances equal 3.25(5), 3.04(3), and 3.11(5) Å]. The Sb∙∙∙O valence angles are equal to 108.2(9), 114.4(7), and 115.3 (9)°, respectively. The FSbF axial angle is 179.13(9)°, and the equator angles are 114.78(3), 116.01(2), and 113.45(2)°.
Ukrainian Diaspora: A Journey of Traumatization, Resilience and Hope
Authors: Kölbel Martin
Published: November 2023

This study examines the influx of Ukrainian refugees into various European countries in the aftermath of the Russian attack. The author provides a comprehensive analysis of the multifaceted challenges faced by the refugees in three different receiving nations (i.e. Austria, England and Germany) through qualitative interviews and content analysis. The study also delves into the socio-economic, educational, and especially psychological aspects including traumatization and applied coping strategies of refugees to overcome negative experiences. The analysis revealed that huge differences in terms of traumatization as well as coping strategies to overcome experienced traumata could be observed among Ukrainian war refugees. For instance, language courses offered both within and outside educational facilities help war refugees to surmount language difficulties. Among other coping strategies to overcome experienced traumata, refugees connect with each other in the receiving countries to tackle past and present mental problems caused by family members fighting at war and insecure future perspectives.
Nrf3 alleviates oxidative stress and promotes the survival of colon cancer cells by activating AKT/BCL-2 signal pathway
Authors: Cai Bi-Qing , Chen Wan-Meng , Chen Meng-Wei , Chen Ya-Hui , Tang Jian-Cai
Published: November 2023

Oxidative stress is closely linked to tumor initiation and development, conferring a survival advantage to cancer cells. Therefore, understanding cancer cells’ antioxidant molecular mechanisms is crucial to cancer therapy. In this study, we discovered that H2O2-induced oxidative stress increased Nrf3 expression in colon cancer cells. Overexpression of Nrf3 decreased H2O2-mediated cytotoxicity and apoptosis. Furthermore, Nrf3 reduced reactive oxygen species levels and malondialdehyde concentrations after H2O2 treatment. Mechanistically, H2O2-mediated cell apoptosis involves multiple signaling proteins, including Akt, bcl-2, JNK, and p38. An increase in Nrf3 expression in colon cancer cells treated with H2O2 partly reversed Akt/Bcl-2 inhibition, whereas it decreased activation of p38 and JNK. In addition, we found that increasing Nrf3 decreased stress-associated chemical-induced cell death, resulting in drug resistance. According to these results, Nrf3 is critical for drug resistance and oxidant adaptation.
Utilization of computational methods for the identification of new natural inhibitors of human neutrophil elastase in inflammation therapy
Authors: Alzain Abdulrahim A. , Elbadwi Fatima A. , Al-Karmalawy Ahmed A. , Elhag Rashid , Osman Wadah , Mothana Ramzi A.
Published: November 2023

Human neutrophil elastase (HNE) plays a crucial role in causing tissue damage in various chronic and inflammatory disorders, making it a target for treating inflammatory diseases. While some inhibitors of HNE’s activity have been identified, only a few have made it to clinical trials. In this study, computational methods were employed to identify potential natural products (NPs) capable of targeting the active site of HNE. The protein–ligand complex has been used to generate a pharmacophore model. A library of 449,008 NPs from the SN3 database was screened against the generated model, resulting in 29,613 NPs that matched the pharmacophore hypothesis. These compounds were docked into the protein active site, resulting in the identification of six promising NPs with better docking scores than the bound ligand to HNE. The top two NPs (SN0338951 and SN0436937) were further evaluated for their interaction stability with HNE through molecular dynamics simulations. Further, the pharmacokinetics and toxicity properties of these compounds were predicted. The results indicated that these two compounds have stable interactions with HNE, as well as, acceptable pharmacokinetic properties. These findings pave the path for further in vitro and in vivo studies of SN0338951 and SN0436937 as promising agents against inflammatory diseases.
A Non-Human Theory of Rights from Latin America
Authors: Gonzalez Chacon Christian
Published: November 2023

This paper contributes to the ongoing construction of non-human rights. I will argue that international law should move towards the recognition of animals and nature as subjects of rights (positive and negative). I will propose to combine two paths that show ways out of the anthropocentrism of international human rights law. The first is the capabilities approach of Martha Nussbaum that, while remaining indebted to Rawlsian liberalism, can provide a framework for the protection of non-humans in human rights practice through an understanding of rights as basic capabilities to flourish. The second path is the Earth Constitutionalism and jurisprudence in Latin America. Heavily influenced by indigenous legal philosophies, Latin American jurisprudence highlights ways in which we could move beyond the thin social goods of liberalism and promote human rights as a harmonizer force that protects nature as having worth by itself. These approaches combined pave the way for a postliberal approach to rights in which we move from the rationality-autonomy-freedom justification of rights towards a capabilities-harmony-sustainability approach to rights.
Anticorruption, Privacy, and (Gay) Family – The CJEU Rules on Financial Disclosure of Public Officials (C-184/20)
Authors: Hoppe Tilman
Published: November 2023

The recent corruption scandal in Brussels has put the spotlight back on integrity measures for public officials. The obligation of public officials to publicly disclose their finances and interests is one important cornerstone in this regard. This disclosure obligation exists in most European Union Member States and also on the level of the European Union itself. A new decision by the Court of Justice of the European Union of August 2022 props up financial disclosure with legal certainty. At the same time, it draws some technical limits on the outer borders of particularly far-reaching disclosure systems. This case note explores answers to the following three questions: What are the ramifications of this decision? Will the decision affect the effectiveness of financial disclosure? What reform steps will countries have to put in place to comply with this decision?
Self-perceived competence and its related factors in nursing students at graduation: the role of self-efficacy
Authors: Ayik Cahide , Akyol Merve Aliye
Published: November 2023

Objectives

This study aimed to investigate the level of perceived competence and explore the predictors of competence in nursing students at graduation.

Methods

This cross-sectional study was conducted with students at the point of graduation (n=239). A sociodemographic form and three different scales assessing students’ competence, self-efficacy, and self-reflection and insight were used to collect data. Visual Analog Scale (VAS) was used to assess students’ satisfaction (i.e., the role as nursing students in the nursing program), job-related stress (i.e., perceived stress related to nursing program), and coping behaviors. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and hierarchical linear regression.

Results

The mean scores of perceived competence, self-reflection, insight, and self-efficacy were 5.25 ± 0.96 (range: 1–7), 54.51 ± 7.83 (range: 12–96), 33.36 ± 5.40 (range: 8–48), 84.13 ± 12.27 (range: 0–100), respectively. Self-efficacy was the most significant associated factor of the entire group of variables in competence.

Conclusions

Scores of perceived competence of students were optimistic. Self-efficacy was the most important factor affecting competence; that is, the greater the self-efficacy, the better the perceived competence.
About a dubious proof of a correct result about closed Newton Cotes error formulas
Authors: López David J. , Padilla Jose A. , Ruiz Juan , Tapia Carlos , Trillo Juan C.
Published: November 2023

In this study, we comment about a wrong proof, at least incomplete, of the closed Newton Cotes error formulas for integration in a closed interval

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These error formulas appear as an intuitive generalization of the simple proof for the error formula of the trapezoidal rule, and their proofs present one controversial step, which converts the proofs in mischievous, or at least, this step needs a clear clarification that it is not easy to derive. The correct proof of such formulas comes from a technique based on the Peano kernel.
Pack-boriding of Sleipner steel: microstructure analysis and kinetics modeling
Authors: Orihel Peter , Ptačinová Jana , Gogola Peter , Keddam Mourad , Jurči Peter
Published: November 2023

In this research work, we subjected the Sleipner steel to pack-boronizing within the temperature range of 1173–1323 K, lasting from 1 to 10 h. Our study involved assessing the steel’s microstructure by examining interphase morphology and measuring the layers’ thicknesses through scanning electron microscopy. To determine the phase composition of the boronized layers, we employed X-ray diffraction analysis. Furthermore, we investigated the redistribution of certain elements during the boronizing process using EDS mapping and EDS point analysis. The boride layers were found to consist of FeB and Fe2B phases. We conducted microhardness testing using the Vickers method on the diffusion zone, Fe2B, and FeB. Lastly, we utilized a diffusion model to evaluate the activation energies of boron in FeB and Fe2B, and we presented the results in terms of activation energies.
Computational analysis of reconstructing current and sag of three-phase overhead line based on the TMR sensor array
Authors: Si Wenrong , Shou Yiru , Ju Dengfeng , Deng Hui , Qian Sen , Gu Yingjie , Yang Jian
Published: November 2023

The development of overhead lines has met the electricity demand of the rapidly developing society. However, the large-scale installation of overhead lines and the natural environmental differences in different regions increase the complexity of the real-time management of the lines. To improve the efficiency of line management, this article constructs a theoretical and simplified electromagnetic field model of 500 kV three-phase overhead lines and studies the method of monitoring the current-sag state of the lines based on analyzing the distribution of magnetic field intensity under the three-phase overhead lines. Moreover, the placement of the tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) sensor array was analyzed, and the current and sag reconstruction algorithm of the line was further proposed. The calculation results show that the simplified magnetic field model is accurate in most areas under the overhead line. The comparison of condition number and sensor position sensitivity value on sensor placement evaluation shows that the sensor position sensitivity value is more comprehensive, and it is recommended to use dual-axis TMR magnetic sensors. The relative error of the line sag calculated by the proposed TMR sensor array and algorithm is less than 3% and 4% for balanced and unbalanced three-phase line currents, respectively.
Rereading Authorship at Saint-Urbain, Troyes
Authors: Olympios Michalis
Published: November 2023

Since the 1950s, the papal collegiate church of Saint-Urbain at Troyes has been viewed as the product of two visually distinct building campaigns headed by different architects, the first exemplifying mid-thirteenth-century French Rayonnant architecture and the second embodying or presaging late medieval Flamboyant aesthetics. The present article challenges this narrative of linear progression by reexamining the architecture of the building’s little-studied west front and exploiting largely unpublished archival testimony. It attempts to demonstrate that matching specific sets of forms to (undocumented) individual architects is not as straightforward as hitherto thought, and that the choice of visual language was ultimately predicated as much on funding as on patronal intentions. In so doing, it updates the narrative of Saint-Urbain’s creation to comply with current scholarly conceptions about the material imprint of the artistic personalities of medieval architects.
Pluralität der Zeiten: Über Erinnerung, Zeit und Geschichte im Werk von Charles Simonds
Authors: Molderings Herbert
Published: November 2023

In the 1970s, American sculptor Charles Simonds created more than a hundred miniature settlements (Dwellings), reminiscent of the architectures of the ancient Puebloans of the American Southwest, in the dilapidated streets of SoHo and Manhattan’s Lower East Side. These Dwellings until now have been discussed exclusively in the context of Land Art and Process Art. This essay offers an alternative perspective by focusing on their character as ephemeral “sites of memory” and on the new concepts of time and history which lie at their roots. Based on the principle of pluri-temporality in history, they share remarkable similarities with concepts of time in critical anthropology and philosophy, namely Johannes Fabian’s critique of “the denial of coevalness” to ethnographic Others and the concept of “folded time” as put forth by Michel Serres.
PENGARUH LATIHAN WHEELBARROW DAN PUSH UP STANDAR TERHADAP KETEPATAN SMASH (Eksperimen pada Pemain Bulutangkis PB Locomotif Temanggung Tahun 2022)
Authors: Ermanda Kartika Fajri , Nasution Moh.
Published: November 2023

Ketepatan atlet dalam melakukan smash bulutagkis masih belum akurat sehingga smash tidak tepat sasaran. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui adanya pengaruh latihan wheelbarrow dan push up standar terhadap ketepatan smash pada pemain PB Locomotif Temanggung. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan desain Matched Subject Design dan dengan sampel sebanyak 16 atlet. Hasil penelitian dapat diketahui 1) nilai t-test kelompok eksperimen 1 diperoleh nilai Sig.(2-tailed) sebesar 0,002<0,05 artinya ada pengaruh latihan wheelbarrow terhadap ketepatan smash. 2) nilai t-test kelompok eksperimen 2 diperoleh nilai Sig.(2-tailed) sebesar 0,685>0,05 artinya tidak ada pengaruh latihan push up standar terhadap ketepatan smash. 3) nilai t-test perbedaan kelompok eksperimen 1 dan 2 diperoleh nilai Sig.(2-tailed) sebesar 0,031<0,05 artinya ada perbedaan pengaruh latihan wheelbarrow dan push up standar terhadap ketepatan smash. Simpulan dari penelitian yaitu latihan wheelbarrow berpengaruh terhadap ketepatan smash dan latihan push up standar tidak berpengaruh terhadap ketepatan smash, dan kedua latihan memiliki perbedaan pengaruh.
PENGARUH LATIHAN BOX JUMPS DAN TUCK JUMPS TERHADAP HASIL LOMPAT JAUH SISWA KELAS X SMA NEGERI 2 PEKALONGAN TAHUN 2022
Authors: Aribowo Kunto , Hermawan Hermawan , Nasution Moh. , Kriswantoro Kriswantoro
Published: November 2023

The importance of physical exercise in the long jump sport because the long jump is a sport that requires strength and quite dominant muscles in it, namely the leg muscles. Lack of learning in implementing activities to increase leg muscle strength. This study aims to determine the effect of box jumps and tuck jumps training on the results of the X grade students of SMA Negeri 2 Pekalongan. This research method is quantitative with an experimental approach and entered into the Pre Experimental design type with the category of Pre-test and Post-test Group. The instrument used is the long jump test. The research subjects were 20 students of class X SMA Negeri 2 Pekalongan. The data analysis technique used the t test. The results of the t test obtained are t arithmetic (5.515) > t table (2.845) then Ha is accepted and Ho is rejected which means it shows that box jumps affect the long jump results of class X students at SMA Negeri 2 Pekalongan, which states t count (4.638) > (2.845) then Ha is accepted and Ho is rejected, which means it shows that tuck jumps affect the long jump results of class X SMA Negeri 2 Pekalongan. The conclusion is that there is a significant effect on the long jump results of class X students of SMA Negeri 2 Pekalongan.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA KELINCAHAN DAN FLEKSIBILITAS TERHADAP HASIL DRIBBLE EKSTRAKURIKULER BOLA BASKET SMA N 1 KEDUNGWUNI
Authors: Ilmiyah Ilmiyah , Karjadi Moch Senoadji
Published: November 2023

Dribble is dribbling to get past the opponent, so agility and flexibility play a role in dribbling. The purpose of the study where to determine: 1) the relationship between agility and dribble female players, 2) the relationship between flexibility and dribble female players, 3) the relationship between agility and flexibility with dribble female players, 4) the relationship between agility and dribble for male players, 5) the relationship between flexibility and dribbling for male players, 6) the relationship between agility and flexibility for male players. The research method is correlational. The sample are 34 players. The whole is used as a sample. Data collection used tests and measurements. The data analysis technique used multiple regression. The results showed that Fcount: 1) agility to dribble results obtained 6.528 significance value 0.022 <0.05 for female players, and 6.158 significance value 0.025 <0.05 for male players, 2) flexibility to dribble results obtained 5,428 significance value 0.034 <0 0.05 for female players, and 0.664 a significance value of 0.428 > 0.05 for male players, 3) agility and flexibility on dribble results obtained 3.765 a significance value of 0.049<0.05 for female players, and 4.168 a significance value of 0.038 for male players. The conclusions of this research is: 1) there is a relationship between agility and dribble results, 2) there is a relationship between flexibility and dribble results for female players, and there is no relationship between male players, 3) there is a relationship between agility and flexibility on the results of dribbling.