bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Etiologic, microbiologic, clinical and outcome characteristics of febrile neutropenia in children with malignancy
Authors: Solgun Huseyin Avni , Turk Zeynep Gunal , Bayram Cengiz , Aycicek Ali
Published: April 2022

Background
The purpose of this study is to examine the clinical, laboratory findings and treatments of pediatric patients who were followed up in our clinical institue for malignancy and those who had febrile neutropenia (FEN) attacks.
Material and Methods
55 patients between the ages of 1–17 and 83 episodes of FEN who were followed up and treated for cancer in our Pedaitric Hematology- Oncology clinic between January 2019 and June 2019 were examined cross-sectionally. Patients with absolute neutrophil count (ANC) < 500 / mm³ were included in the study. Febrile neutropenia was diagnosed in neutropenic patients with a single measurement of body temperature ≥ 38.3˚C (101˚F) or ≥ 38.0˚C (100.4˚F) for a period of 1 hour. The demographic information of the patients, laboratory and physical examination findings, FEN risk groups, the most recent chemotherapy protocols, fever and neutropenia durations, fever foci, culture reproduction, and treatments started were recorded in a standard form.
Results
Among 83 FEN attacks included in the study, 28 of the patients were female (34%) and 55 were male (66%). The median age was 5.5 (range 1.1–16.7) years. Sixty-six (80%) of the patients were being followed up for leukemia and 17 (20%) for solid tumors. The average number of attacks per patient was 1.4 (1–4) attacks. According to the risk classification of febrile neutropenia, 80 attacks (96%) were classified as high risk, and 3 attacks (4%) as low risk. Mean duration of fever was in patients with leukemia and in patients with solid tumors. Mean duration of neutropenia was significantly higher versus 1.9 ± 1.3 days to 1.9 ± 1.1 days in patients with leukemia than those treated for solid tumors (p˂0.05). The most common microorganism was Coagulase negative staphylococcus. Galactomannan was positive in one patient and Enterobacter growth was detected in the blood culture.
Conclusion
Febrile neutropenia is among the important causes of mortality in cancer patients. Most of the attacks in our study were high-risk FEN attacks. The reason for this may be duration of active chemotherapy, prelonged neutropenia periods, remission status of cancer, and delays related to hospitalization of patients. Fever focus is often not detected in FEN attacks, the most common fever focus in our study was mucositis. The most common gram-positive microorganisms were found in the blood culture of our patients. This study is important in terms of creating up-to-date algorithms in the treatment and management in FEN patients. However, the results to be obtained by conducting studies with more patients will be more beneficial in this sense.
Clinical characteristics and laboratory data of pre-eclampsia patients with and without in vitro fertilization embryo transfer treatment
Authors: Li Liman , Liu Yuan , Zhou Weijie , Jiang Shiling , Liu Ying , Feng Ting , Zhou Rong , Li Hong
Published: April 2022

BackgroundPre-eclampsia affects around 2-10% pregnancies in the world. In vitro fertilization embryo transfer (IVF) pregnancies are associated with a 2.7-fold risk of pre-eclampsia. MethodsIn our retrospective study, 20 pre-eclampsia patients with IVF treatment (PE with IVF group) and 20 matched pre-eclampsia controls with spontaneous conception (PE group) were enrolled. We also collected several fresh decidua tissue and cord blood specimens to determine functional changes of innate immune cells at maternal-fetal interface using flow cytometry assays. ResultsThere were no obvious differences in pregnancy outcomes between 2 groups. However, maternal prealbumin (PA) level was significantly decreased while creatinine (Cr) and uric acid (UA) levels were significantly elevated in PE with IVF group. Although levels of maternal alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and cystatin C (CysC) did not differ between 2 groups, they were both abnormally elevated, exceeding the normal reference range. Moreover, significant elevations of IFN-γ and TNF-α secretions were observed in both decidual NK cells and γδT cells of pre-eclampsia patients with IVF treatment. In cord blood, productions of IFN-γ and TNF-α were only increased in the NK cells of pre-eclampsia patients with IVF treatment. ConclusionThe close surveillance for clinical features of this special pre-eclampsia population is strongly warranted.
Bioinformatic analysis of SERINC2 with the prognosis and immune infiltration of stomach adenocarcinomas
Authors: Yu Haixia , Qiaoyun Ling , Chi Zhai , Fang Xianjun
Published: April 2022

Serine Incorporator 2 (SERINC2) is a member of SERINC family, which can incorporate serine into membrane lipids and contributes to the biosynthesis of membrane lipids. SERINC2 has been reported to be associated with tumor progression. However, the expression and function of SERINC2 in stomach adenocarcinomas (STAD) is still unclear. TIMER and GEPIA Database analysis confirmed the high expression of SERINC2 in STAD. Kaplan-Meier Plotter Database analysis showed that STAD patients with high expression level of SERINC2 had low post-progression survival, progression free survival and overall survival. However, gene alterations of SERINC2 have no significant influence on the prognosis of STAD. Moreover, we found that SERINC2 expression was negatively correlated with infiltrating levels of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, macrophages, neutrophils and dendritic cells in STAD via TIMER. Further analysis from the LinkedOmics database suggested that the co-expressed genes of SERINC2 were enriched in the metabolic process and immune response. Three hub genes, S100A14, RAB25 and FXYD3, were identified through protein-protein network. Among the hub genes, RAB25 was also highly expressed and negatively associated with the survival of STAD patients. These results suggest that SERINC2 is highly expressed in STAD, leading to a poor prognosis and low infiltrating levels of immune cells. The function of SERINC in STAD may be associated with metabolic regulation and RAB25. Therefore, we suggest that it can be an effective biomarker for the diagnosis of STAD.
NDRG2 inhibits glycolysis in liver cancer cells is accompanied by the regulation of SIRT1
Authors: Xin Benge , cao wei
Published: April 2022

NDRG2 is a tumor suppressor, highly expressed in normal tissues but down-regulated in many cancers. This enzyme was involved in glycolysis by regulating glycolytic enzymes in ccRCC and colorectal cancer. However, the mechanism of NDRG2 regulating glycolysis is still not clear, and the function of NDRG2 in liver tumor glycolysis is completely unknown. In the present study, we first demonstrated the low expression of NDRG2 in liver tumor tissues and found that the survival rate of patients was negatively correlated with the expression of NDRG2. Subsequently, based on NDRG2 overexpressed and knockdown cell lines, NDRG2 was shown to have the ability to inhibit glycolysis in liver cancer cells. Finally, SIRT1, a deacetylase that plays important role in glycolysis regulation, is negatively regulated by NDRG2 in liver tumors. Our data enrich the understanding of the role of NDRG2 in tumor growth and improve the mechanism by which NDRG2 regulates glycolysis.
Comparison of short-term outcomes of single-incision versus multi-port laparoscopic surgery for descending colon cancer: a propensity score-matched analysis
Authors: Tei Mitsuyoshi , Suzuki Yozo , Sueda Toshinori , Iwamoto Kazuya , Naito Atsushi , Nomura Masatoshi , Yoshikawa Yukihiro , Ohtsuka Masahisa , Imasato Mitsunobu , Mizushima Tsunekazu , Akamatsu Hiroki
Published: April 2022

Purpose: Single-incision laparoscopic surgery (SILS) for descending colon cancer (DCC) is a technically challenging procedure with unclear clinical impact. The aim of this study was to evaluate the short-term outcomes of SILS for DCC compared with multi-port laparoscopic surgery (MPLS).Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 137 consecutive patients with stage I–III DCC who underwent SILS or MPLS at two high-volume multidisciplinary tertiary hospitals between April 2008 and December 2018, using propensity score-matched analysis.Results: After propensity score-matching, we enrolled 88 patients (n=44 in each group). Median follow-up period was 48 months. The completion rate for SILS was 98.1% in the overall cohort and 97.7% in the matched cohort. One patient was converted to open surgery in the MPLS group. Compared with the MPLS group, the SILS group showed significantly less blood loss and a greater number of harvested lymph nodes in both the entire patient cohort and the matched cohort. Morbidity rates did not differ significantly between groups before and after matching. R0 resection was achieved in the entire patient cohort. In terms of the incidence of recurrence, both groups were similar before and after matching. No significant differences were found between groups in terms of 3-year disease-free and overall survival rates in either the entire patient cohort or the matched cohort.Conclusions: SILS appears safe and feasible and can provide satisfactory oncological outcomes for selected patients with DCC.
Biallelic Mismatch Repair Deficiency – a rare and trouble genetic syndrome
Authors: Ramos Diana , Brandão Catarina , Sousa Cátia , Ribeiro Mário Dinis
Published: April 2022

Biallelic Mismatch Repair Deficiency (BMMRD) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by numerous cancers presenting as early as the first decade of life. Biallelic germline mutations in one of four mismatch repair (MMR) genes (MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, or PMS2) cause this devastating disease. Given the rarity of the syndrome, often-asymptomatic tumors and overlap with neurofibromatosis-1, diagnosis is frequently unrecognized or delayed. A high degree of clinical awareness is needed to identify new cases. Immunohistochemical assessment of MMR protein expression and analysis of microsatellite instability are the first tools with which to initiate the study of this syndrome in solid malignancies. MMR immunohistochemical shows a hallmark pattern with absence of staining in both neoplastic and non-neoplastic cells for the biallelic mutated gene.We present a unique case of a young boy diagnosed with invasive colon adenocarcinoma and brain tumor, with classical BMMRD features, found to have biallelic pathogenic PMS2 mutations.
Identification of a hub gene in hepatocellular carcinoma induced by nonalcoholic fatty liver disease using bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Li Juan , Wu Chutian , Liu Xiongxiu , Long Linjing , Zhong Lixian , Lai Junlong , Lin Junqin , Li Yuting , Zeng Qiuting , Tang Shaohui
Published: April 2022

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fourth most common cause of cancer mortality worldwide and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)-related HCC is related to poorer survival than viral hepatitis-related HCC. However, the pathogenetic process of NAFLD to HCC is still poorly understood. Material and methods: A series of bioinformatics analyses were performed in two public datasets (GSE164760, GSE37031), The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, and the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) database to explore potential hub genes in NAFLD-related HCC. Results: Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) and LASSO logistic regression were performed to filter out 8 hub genes, then TMEM126A was selected for further analysis for its better diagnostic, stratification, and prognostic value in HCC. The results of Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) indicated that TMEM126A was highly enriched in lipid metabolism. Next, TMEM126A was significantly correlated with the fatty acid biosynthesis and oxidation pathways. Further validation in other datasets confirmed our results. Conclusion: TMEM126A is firstly screened out for a hub gene in the pathogenesis of NAFLD-related HCC. Although further experiments are supposed to verify these results, we provide useful and novel information to explore the underlying mechanism in NAFLD-related HCC.
Maternal hemodynamics during labor epidural analgesia with and without adrenaline: a secondary analysis of a randomized trial
Authors: Haidl Felix , Tronstad Christian , Rosseland Leiv Arne , Dahl Vegard
Published: April 2022

Background: Pregnancy in general and labor in particular is associated with changes in maternal hemodynamic parameters such as increased cardiac output and heart rate, with peaks during uterine contractions. Adrenaline may be added to labor epidural solutions to enhance efficiency, but the hemodynamic fluctuations may increase. The aim of this study was to compare the hemodynamic changes of epidural drug solution with or without adrenaline 2 µg.ml-1and to provide pilot data for a larger study.Methods:Forty-one nulliparous laboring women requesting epidural analgesia were randomized to epidural solution of bupivacaine 1mg.ml-1, fentanyl 2 µg.ml-1 with or without adrenaline 2 µg.ml-1. The participants were monitored with the Nexfin CC continuous non-invasive blood pressure and cardiac output monitor. The primary outcomes were changes in peak systolic blood pressure and cardiac output at uterine contraction within 30 minutes after epidural activation. The effect of adrenaline was tested statistically by a linear mixed effects model of the outcome variables’ dependency on time, adrenaline and their interaction. Results:The addition of adrenaline to the solution had no statistically significant effect on the temporal changes in peak systolic blood pressure (mean change 0.23 mmHg.min-1 95% CI [-0.17; 0.64] p=0.26), peak cardiac output (mean change 0.0029 l.min-1.min-1 95 % CI [-0.026; 0.032] 0.84), or heart rate (mean change 0.015 beats.min-1 .min-1 95 % CI [-0.25; 0.28] p=0.91). Conclusion:The addition of adrenaline 2 µg.ml-1to the epidural solution does not seem to have clinically significant influences on the maternal hemodynamics during labor.Trial registration:This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT00685672) May 28th 2008.
Expression of the Fab enzymes (Fab I and Fab Z) from Plasmodium falciparum after exposure to Artemisia afra plant extracts and drugs screening
Authors: Kane Ndeye Fatou , Kyama Mutinda Cleophas , Nganga Joseph Kangethe , Hassanali Ahmed , Diallo Mouhamadou , Kimani Francis
Published: April 2022

The emergence and spread of drug resistance of the malaria parasite to the main treatment emphasize the need to develop new antimalarial drugs. In this context, the fatty acid biosynthesis (FAS_II) pathway of the malaria parasite is one of the ideal targets due to its crucial role in parasite survival. In this study, we report the expression and the affinity binding of Fab_I and Fab_Z after exposure of the parasite with different extracts of the Artemisia afra. The parasites were exposed for 2 days to different extracts. Gene expression was done to determine the level of expression of the fab enzymes after treatments. A GCMS was run to determine the different compounds of the plant extracts followed by a virtual screening between the fab enzymes and the active compounds using Pyrex. The results showed different expression patterns of the Fab enzymes. Fab_I was downregulated in the W2 and D6 strains by the ethanolic extract but was increased by Hexane and DCM extracts. A different expression pattern was observed for Fab_Z. it was all upregulated except in the D6 strain when exposed to the ethanolic and hexane extracts. Virtual screening showed affinity with many compounds. Hits compounds with high binding energy were detected. 11alphaHydroxyprogesterone and Aspidospermidin-17-ol were found to have high binding energy with Fab_I respectively (-10.7 kcal/mol; -10.2kcal/mol). Fab_Z shows also high affinity with 11alpha-Hydroxyprogesterone (-10kcal/mol) and Thiourea (-8.4 Kcal/mol). These results demonstrate the potential of A. afra as a big source of new antimalarial drugs.
Mathematical model for predicting the usage of the transmission ratio of a wheel skidder
Authors: Михайлов О.А. , Андронов А.В. , Тарадин Г.С. , Козьмин С.Ф. , Зверев И.А.
Published: April 2022

Трелевочный трактор является одним из важнейших видов лесосечной техники, требующей грамотного подхода к процессу проектирования, который учитывает особенности условий эксплуатации данного вида техники. Одной из самых нагруженных частей колесных скиддеров является трансмиссия, которая испытывает значительные нагрузки в процессе эксплуатации. Для регистрации и измерения значений величин этих нагрузок в зависимости от передачи, на которой осуществляется процесс трелевки пачки деревьев, проведены испытания трелевочного трактора ТЛК-1, проходившие на полигоне-волоке Онежского тракторного завода. В результате испытаний определены значения крутящих моментов на полуосях и карданном валу скиддера на различных передачах, а также время использования каждой из передач. Полученные в ходе испытаний данные обработаны с помощью методов стохастического математического моделирования. В результате получена математическая модель прогнозирования использования передаточного числа трансмиссии колесного трелевочного трактора, оснащенного гидродинамической передачей. Данная методика позволяет на стадии проектирования оценить правильность выбора передаточного ряда трансмиссии.

The skidder is one of the most important types of forestry it requires a competent approach to the design process, which of this type of equipment is one of the most important types of forestry machinery. One of the most loaded part of wheeled skidders is the transmission, which it experiences significant loads in the process of operation. To record and to measure the values of these loads depending on the gear, on which the process of skidding a pack of trees is carried out. Which the process of skidding a pack of trees is carried out, were carried out tests of the skidder TLK-1, which took place on the firing ground Onega tractor plant. As a result of tests were determined values of torques on axles and cardan shaft of the skidder on different gears, as well as the time of using each of the gears. The data obtained during the tests were processed using the methods of stochastic mathematical modeling. As a result, a mathematical model mathematical model to predict the usage of gear ratio of a wheeled skidder transmission equipped with hydrodynamic transmission. This methodology allows to estimate the correctness of the choice of the transmission ratio at the design stage. Design stage to assess the correctness of the choice of the transmission gear ratio.
Soil and vegetation complex of the «Dubki» Park in St. Petersburg, Russia
Authors: Ковязин В.Ф. , Иванова Е.А.
Published: April 2022

Исследование посвящено изучению почвенно-растительного комплекса памятника ландшафтной архитектуры XVIII века – парка «Дубки», расположенного на северном побережье Финского залива в Курортном районе Санкт-Петербурга, городе Сестрорецке. Парк создан по инициативе императора Петра I, который во время возвращения с Гангутской битвы сделал остановку среди дубовой рощи на берегу Финского залива. В настоящее время парк признан памятником культурно-исторического наследия, охраняется ЮНЕСКО. Летом 2021 г. на объекте изучены морфология почвы, видовое разнообразие хвойных, лиственных пород и кустарников. Морфология почвы изучалась по двум почвенным разрезам, заложенным в различных лесорастительных условиях. Видовой состав насаждений парков определялся по определителю растений [Киселева и др., 2020], с использованием морфологических признаков листьев и коры. С применением программных комплексов РГИС и AutoCAD рассчитаны площади земельных угодий парка под растительностью, под дорожками, искусственными водоемами, спортивными площадками и общая.

The research is devoted to the study of the soil and plant complex of the monument of landscape architecture of the XVIII century – the park «Dubki» in St. Petersburg, located on the northern coast of the Gulf of Finland in the Resort area of St. Petersburg, in the city of Sestroretsk. The park was created on the initiative of Emperor Peter the Great, who, during his return from the Battle of Gangut, made a stop among an oak grove on the shore of the Gulf of Finland. Currently, the park is recognized as a monument of cultural and historical heritage, protected by UNESCO. In the summer of 2021, the morphology of the soil, the species diversity of coniferous, deciduous species and shrubs were studied at the facility. The morphology of the soil was studied by 2 soil sections laid down in various forest growing conditions. The species composition of park plantings was determined by the plant determinant [Kiseleva et al., 2020], using morphological features of leaves and bark. With the use of the RGIS and AutoCAD software complexes, the areas of the park's land under vegetation, under paths, artificial reservoirs, sports grounds, etc. are calculated. Based on the results of the research, recommendations are given for maintaining the balance and sustainable development of the soil and plant complex and information on the development of the land cadastre of the park.
Low-energy effective theory and anomalous Hall effect in monolayer $\mathrm{WTe}_2$
Authors: Nandy Snehasish , Pesin Dima
Published: April 2022

We develop a symmetry-based low-energy theory for monolayer
\mathrm{WTe}_2WTe2
in its 1T^{\prime}′
phase, which includes eight bands (four orbitals, two spins). This model
reduces to the conventional four-band spin-degenerate Dirac model near
the Dirac points of the material. We show that measurements of the spin
susceptibility, and of the magnitude and time dependence of the
anomalous Hall conductivity induced by injected or equilibrium spin
polarization can be used to determine the magnitude and form of the
spin-orbit coupling Hamiltonian, as well as the dimensionless tilt of
the Dirac bands.
Renormalization group for open quantum systems using environment temperature as flow parameter
Authors: Nestmann Konstantin , Wegewijs Maarten
Published: April 2022

We present the T-flow renormalization group method, which computes the memory kernel for the density-operator evolution of an open quantum system by lowering the physical temperature T of its environment. This has the key advantage that it can be formulated directly in real time, making it particularly suitable for transient dynamics, while automatically accumulating the full temperature dependence of transport quantities. We solve the T-flow equations numerically for the example of the single impurity Anderson model. We benchmark in the stationary limit, readily accessible in real-time for voltages on the order of the coupling or larger using results obtained by the functional renormalization group, density-matrix renormalization group and the quantum Monte Carlo method. Here we find quantitative agreement even in the worst case of strong interactions and low temperatures, indicating the reliability of the method. For transient charge currents we find good agreement with results obtained by the 2PI Green's function approach. Furthermore, we analytically show that the short-time dynamics of both local and non-local observables follow a "universal" temperature-independent behaviour when the metallic reservoirs have a flat wide band.
Fermented oat milk as a base for lactose-free sauce
Authors: Khrundin Dmitrii , Ponomarev Vsevolod , Yunusov Eduard
Published: April 2022

Introduction. We studied the use of fermented oat milk to produce sauce and evaluated its properties. The research was motivated by the current demand for so called “plant milk” commonly perceived as an alternative to cow’s milk.

Study objects and methods. The experimental samples were produced from oats-based drinks (1.5 and 3.2% fat) fermented with starter cultures of lactic acid microorganisms following the guidelines for yoghurt production. Apple pectin was used as a thickener. Rheological studies were performed using an RM-1 rotational viscometer and a CT-2 texture analyzer according to the standard methods. Sensory evaluation was based on a scoring scale. Physicochemical parameters were determined according to generally accepted methods.

Results and discussion. Oat milk was fermented to produce a sauce base. Acid accumulation increased throughout fermentation up to 135–137°T. Apple pectin (3%) was added to stabilize the structure and ensure the desired consistency. Higher concentrations of pectin increased the hardness and adhesive strength of the samples from both 1.5 and 3.2% oat milk. The 1.5% sauce scored highest in the sensory evaluation. Its physicochemical indicators met the standard requirements for related fermented milk products. We found the best consistency indicators at a pectin concentration of 3%.

Conclusion. The new fermented sauce based on low fat oat milk (1.5% fat) had high consumer appeal as well as physicochemical, sensory, and rheological characteristics. The sauce can be used by people with lactose intolerance and vegetarians.
Relationships between extreme flows and microbial contamination in inland recreational swimming areas
Authors: Vincent Kathryn , Starrs Danswell , Wansink Victoria , Waters Natasha , Lal Aparna
Published: April 2022

Inland recreational swimming sites provide significant social value globally. This study focused on public recreational swimming sites across the Murrumbidgee River and its tributaries in the Australian Capital Territory (ACT) throughout the swimming season (September–April) from 2009 to 2020 to determine whether high intestinal enterococci concentrations could be predicted with flow exceedance and routinely monitored physical and chemical parameters of water quality. Enterococci concentrations were positively correlated with the turbidity associated with high-flow conditions. The predictive accuracy of high enterococci levels during high-flow conditions was good (mean percentage correctly classified, 60%). The prediction of high enterococci levels at low flows was significantly less reliable (mean percentage correctly classified, 12–15%). As the ACT is expected to experience decreases in rainfall overall but increases in extreme rainfall events due to climate change, understanding the drivers of elevated intestinal enterococci under extreme flow conditions remains important from a public health perspective.
Coronary Bifurcation Stenting: Review of Current Techniques and
Evidence
Authors: Kanmanthareddy Arun , Aedma Surya Kiran , Naik Anant
Published: April 2022

Background:

Coronary bifurcation stenting constitutes 20% of all PCI performed. Given
the extensive prevalence of bifurcation lesions, various techniques have sought to optimally
stent the bifurcation to improve revascularization while also decreasing rates of stent thrombosis
and lesion recurrence. Advanced techniques, such as planned two-stent approaches, have been
shown to have improved outcomes but also require fluoroscopy and procedure time, posing an
economic argument as well as a patient-outcome one.

Objective:

Because of the many strategies posited in the literature, it becomes essential to objectively
evaluate evidence from randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses to help determine the
optimal stenting strategy.

Methods:

We reviewed the clinical evidence on the efficacy of coronary bifurcation stenting.

Results:

In this paper, we review the most recent randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses
on the efficacy of various stenting techniques and advances in stenting technologies published to
gauge the current state of understanding and chart where the field is heading.

Conclusion:

Bifurcation stenting is a maturing problem in the field of interventional cardiology
that is adapting to the needs of the patients and advances in technology.
An updated review on facial hyperpigmention disorder and treatment
Authors: Barman Kamallochan , Kalita Bhupen , Laloo Damiki , Phukan Mayuri , Jidung Robina , Dasgupta Payal
Published: April 2022

Skin health is an important aspect of glamour and reflects the overall wellbeing of the whole body. Facial and neck hyperpigmentation have been posing a challenge towards a complete cure in skincare and cosmetology. The root cause of hyperpigmentation is excessive production of melanin induced by the enzyme tyrosinase and also excessive production is related to exogenous factor-like cosmetics and perfumes, and endogenous factor-like hormonal imbalance during pregnancy. There are many types of hyperpigmentation including post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH), periorbital hyperpigmentation, exogenous ochronosis, which are a few to mention. Though many innovative therapy techniques and newer products have been introduced in cosmetology, nevertheless efficient management of hyperpigmentation continues to be a challenge in health care and hence presents an area of research interest for dermatologists and scientists to develop novel methods. The recent addition in skincare is the sheet masks, which are considered to be the most productive and trending technique of drug delivery for skin rejuvenation. Sheet masks are beneficial because they are toxin-free and are the perfect carrier to our skin. Having realized the scope of innovation in cosmetology, the present review article revisits different types of hyperpigmentation conditions developed due to drug use and/or other causes and potentiality of sheet masks in the management of hyperpigmentation disorder. Also, it is envisaged that this review article may be of interest among dermatologists, other health care researchers, and manufacturing chemists to develop new strategies in skincare.
Understanding the Characteristics of Regional Building Construction Systems
Authors: Yoshida Satoshi
Published: April 2022

Background:

Pandemics have increased the importance of understanding future building construction systems' regional characteristics due to the increasing number of country-specific industrial systems and the growing potential for international collaboration through video conferencing.

Objective:

This study aims to develop a method to objectively understand the characteristics of regional building construction systems.

Methods:

The “architecture concept” tool was used to develop the proposed idea and ensure objectivity. This concept focuses on the interdependence of the components to be created. However, considering that all construction projects are conducted under different conditions, a relative discussion between projects tends to exist. This study aims to transcend this relative discussion to achieve sophistication in the proposed approach. Therefore, this work focuses on a detailed view of the most complex construction parts standardized in each region.

Results:

As a case study, we examined the approaches adopted in the UK and Japan,i.e., in Europe and Asia, respectively. The proposed concept confirmed that the approaches adopted in the UK exhibited modular characteristics, whereas those in Japan had integral characteristics pertaining to the fundamental design concept of construction.

Conclusion:

This study developed a method for the utilization of the characteristics of each region by understanding the trends of the unique fundamental design concepts of building construction in the UK and Japan. Based on the results, the characteristics of many other regions in the construction industry can be understood.
Best practice for character education for millennial generation
Authors: Riyanti Rika , Haris Didik M Nur , Nurmala Nurmala
Published: April 2022

The discussion about best practices in shaping character for the millennial generation about Pancasila values and Muslim family education is an exciting topic to be discussed in various contexts and content. To discuss this issue, we have conducted a series of searches for supporting data and additional information electronically on literature sources in the form of field study findings that actively discuss best practices in shaping the character of the young Muslim generation concerning Pancasila education and the habits of Muslim families in Indonesia. We cannot use this data to answer questions with high times. After a summary of the data and an in-depth discussion of the relationship between the two variables, the researcher can finally conclude that there are some best practices in shaping the character of the millennial generation, in this case, looking for a correlation between Pancasila education and Indonesian family education to form a young age that follows the character Islamic nation and religion. Thus, it is hoped that these findings will add to the wealth of knowledge and perspectives of family religious education and are also in line with Pancasila education as Muslim Indonesian citizens.
Влияние локального окружения на электроноакцепторную способность катиона: индуцированная льюисовская кислотность
Authors: Воронина К.В. , Рудакова А.В. , Крауклис И.В. , Шергин Я.В. , Цыганенко А.А.
Published: April 2022

The effect of adsorption of acid gases CO2, SO2 and SO3 on the electron-accepting ability of cations at the surface of calcium oxide was studied by low-temperature IR spectroscopy of adsorbed CO. It is shown that the formation of carbonate, sulfite and sulfate anions in the surface layer leads to the appearance of Lewis acid sites, the strength of which, estimated by the shift in the vibrational frequency of CO molecules bound to them, increases in the corresponding order, approaching that for calcium-
containing zeolites. The results of calculation of cluster models by the DFT method confirm the observed trends in the variation of vibrational frequency and the absorption coefficient of CO molecules bound both via carbon atom or via oxygen, and also demonstrate the dependence of the ability of a cation to linkage isomerism on its local environment.
Спектральное исследование строения и свойств комплексов незамещенного индолинового спиропирана с ионами алюминия
Authors: Беликов Н.Е. , Лукин А.Ю. , Варфоломеев С.Д. , Левина И.И. , Петровская Л.Е. , Демина О.В. , Барачевский В.А. , Ходонов А.А.
Published: April 2022

Методами абсорбционной электронной и ЯМР-спектроскопии исследованы процессы комплексообразования при взаимодействии молекул незамещенного индолинового спиропирана с солями алюминия. Установлен механизм образования и структура комплексов двух типов. Обнаружен отрицательный фотохромизм комплекса мероцианиновой формы спиропирана с ионами алюминия. Исследована устойчивость металлокомплексов к действию различных агентов. Ключевые слова: фотохромизм, спиропираны, металлокомплексы, соли алюминия, электронная спектроскопия, ЯМР-спектроскопия.
Полимерные наносферы, содержащие квантовые точки CdSe/ZnS и фотохромные диарилэтены, с фотопереключаемой люминесценцией
Authors: Карпач П.В. , Щербович А.А. , Василюк Г.Т. , Степуро В.И. , Маскевич А.А. , Айт А.О. , Венидиктова О.В. , Барачевский В.А. , Маскевич С.А. , Артемьев М.В.
Published: April 2022

A study was carried out and a comparative analysis of the spectral-kinetic (absorption and fluorescent) characteristics of nanospheres containing luminescent inorganic quantum dots (QDs) CdSe/ZnS, covered with an amphiphilic polymer shell, which ensures the stability of nanospheres in aqueous colloidal solutions and the possibility of introducing into them hydrophobic photochromic diarylethene molecules with different structure.
Photoinduced reversible isomerization of diarylethene molecules causes modulation of the photoluminescence signal of quantum dots, including through the control of the efficiency of resonant energy transfer (FRET) from quantum dots to the cyclic isomer of diarylethene. The FRET efficiency turned out to be the highest in nanospheres with DAE2 and DAE4. The value of the quality index (QF) of the FRET photomodulator (which shows the efficiency of modulation of the quantum yield of QD photoluminescence), introduced in this work, varies for samples with different diarylethenes from 0.003 (for DAE1) to 0.09 (for DAE2).
Nanospheres containing luminescent nanoparticles of various shapes can be used in the development of luminescent photocontrolled panels, fluorescent markers, etc.
Прямая лазерная запись и исследование оптофлюидных элементов внутри нанопористой силикатной матрицы
Authors: Шишкина А.С. , Яндыбаева Ю.И. , Якимук В.А. , Алсаиф Я. , Заколдаев Р.А. , Андреева О.В.
Published: April 2022

The paper demonstrates direct laser writing by femtosecond laser pulses (λ = 1030 nm, τ = 220 fs, v = 200 kHz) of functional optofluidic elements inside a nanoporous silicate matrix (NPSM). The influence of focused laser pulses led to the compaction of the nanoporous frame, which made it possible to fabricate barriers for the isolation of nanoporous cells and channel optical waveguides. The writing of microchannels in the mode of decompression of a nanoporous matrix with subsequent purification of area of debris in distilled water under the action of ultrasound is also demonstrated. For each type of elements, the dependences of geometric characteristics on the energy parameters of laser radiation are established. The methods of testing the elements were also developed - checking the permeability of the barrier, the entering of laser radiation into channel waveguides.
Characterization and Quantitative Assessment of Antibiotic Cefixime Drug Using Raman and Time-domain Terahertz Spectroscopy -=SUP=-*-=/SUP=-
Authors: Kumari Archana , Chaudhary A.K. , Ganesh D.
Published: April 2022

This paper reports the use of Raman and time-domain terahertz spectroscopy to ascertain the potential of antibiotic Cefixime drug which is widely used for curing bacterial infections and obtained from different pharmaceuticals companies. The indigenously designed terahertz spectrometer between 0.1-2.8 THz range was employed for recording of time domain spectra of drug molecules. The refractive index, absorption coefficients and absorbance strength of this drug in THz domain were also ascertained. THz-Raman spectra simultaneously helps to characterize the crystalline nature of Cefixime's and its chemical composition and effect and concentration of its principal ingredients. The Raman spectra of these drugs molecules was recorded for cross verification of previous experimental findings. Finally, we have identified the absorbance strength of two important ingredients i.e. Sulpha Pyridine and Sulpha Thiazoles and specific absorbance of these ingredients was ascertained in THz domain to quantify the concentration per milligram level between 0.5 and 0.8 THz range. The obtained results reveal that concentration of these two ingredients varies from sample to sample. It help to determine the efficacy and side effects of the drugs produced from different manufacturers. Keywords: Raman, THz Spectroscopy, Sulpha, Drug, Absorption, R.I., Concentration
Влияние электростатического давления на диффузионное равновесие объемных нанопузырей
Authors: Кошоридзе C.И.
Published: April 2022

A modified formula for calculating the electrostatic pressure (EP)
in bulk nanobubbles (BNB) is proposed. It is shown that EP prevents the diffusion dissolution of BNB in an aqueous solution. As a result, the BNB dissolves only partially and becomes stable.
Technology-Supported Guidance Models Stimulating the Development of Critical Thinking in Clinical Practice: Mixed Methods Systematic Review
Authors: Zlamal Jaroslav , Roth Gjevjon Edith , Fossum Mariann , Trygg Solberg Marianne , Steindal Simen A , Strandell-Laine Camilla , Hamilton Larsen Marie , Nes Andréa Aparecida Gonçalves
Published: April 2022

Background

Nursing education has increasingly focused on critical thinking among nursing students, as critical thinking is a desired outcome of nursing education. Particular attention is given to the potential of technological tools in guiding nursing students to stimulate the development of critical thinking; however, the general landscape, facilitators, and challenges of these guidance models remain unexplored, and no previous mixed methods systematic review on the subject has been identified.

Objective

This study aims to synthesize existing evidence on technology-supported guidance models used in nursing education to stimulate the development of critical thinking in nursing students in clinical practice.

Methods

This mixed methods systematic review adopted a convergent, integrated design to facilitate thematic synthesis. This study followed the guidelines of the Joanna Briggs Institute Manual for Evidence Synthesis.

Results

We identified 3 analytical themes: learning processes implemented to stimulate critical thinking, organization of the learning process to stimulate critical thinking, and factors influencing the perception of the learning process. We also identified 4 guidance models, all based on facilitator or preceptorship models using tailored instructional or learning strategies and one or several technological tools that were either generic or custom-made for specific outcomes. The main facilitators of these technology-supported guidance models were nurse educators or nurse preceptors, and the main challenges in using technology-supported guidance models were the stress associated with technical difficulties or increased cognitive load.

Conclusions

Although we were able to identify 4 technology-supported guidance models, our results indicate a research gap regarding the use of these models in nursing education, with the specific aim of stimulating the development of critical thinking. Both nurse preceptors and nurse educators play a crucial role in the development of critical thinking among nursing students, and technology is essential for such development. However, technology-supported guidance models should be supervised to mitigate the associated stress.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

RR2-10.2196/25126
What Injured Workers With Complex Claims Look For in Online Communities: Netnographic Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Manning Hutson Michelle , Hosking Sarah M , Mantalvanos Soula , Berk Michael , Pasco Julie , Dunning Trisha
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUND

Improved understanding of social constructs around injury may help insurance case managers to understand how best to support people after injury.

OBJECTIVE

This study sought to explore what people who sustain work-related injuries may seek from online communities. The study highlights potential opportunities for improved engagement with insurance case management practice.

METHODS

An observational netnographic analysis was undertaken on anonymous, publicly available messages posted on Australian message boards. All research data were drawn from anonymous, online communities. A person (author SM) with experience of making a claim through an Australian workers’ compensation system and online engagement was involved in study conception, design, and analysis. Data were analyzed using NVivo12 in an iterative, multistage process including coding, journaling, and member checking. A total of 141 people were engaged in discussion across 47 threads housed on 4 Australian forums.

RESULTS

In this qualitative study, themes emerged from the data, describing how injured workers use online communities to help make decisions, get support, and solve problems. The key motivators for action and engagement were seeking information, connection, or justice. Establishment of relationships was a key mediator of each of these parameters.

CONCLUSIONS

Some work-related injuries may involve medical and medicolegal complexity as well as changed lifestyle and routine during convalescence and recovery. The mechanism used by some injured workers to seek information and problem solve suggests a capacity for self-management and self-care after work-related injury. Netnography provides information on a community that may not regularly engage with research because of the complexity of their situation and their vulnerability.
Utility Metrics for Evaluating Synthetic Health Data Generation Methods: Validation Study (Preprint)
Authors: El Emam Khaled , Mosquera Lucy , Fang Xi , El-Hussuna Alaa
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUND

A regular task by developers and users of synthetic data generation (SDG) methods is to evaluate and compare the utility of these methods. Multiple utility metrics have been proposed and used to evaluate synthetic data. However, they have not been validated in general or for comparing SDG methods.

OBJECTIVE

This study evaluates the ability of common utility metrics to rank SDG methods according to performance on a specific analytic workload. The workload of interest is the use of synthetic data for logistic regression prediction models, which is a very frequent workload in health research.

METHODS

We evaluated 6 utility metrics on 30 different health data sets and 3 different SDG methods (a Bayesian network, a Generative Adversarial Network, and sequential tree synthesis). These metrics were computed by averaging across 20 synthetic data sets from the same generative model. The metrics were then tested on their ability to rank the SDG methods based on prediction performance. Prediction performance was defined as the difference between each of the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve and area under the precision-recall curve values on synthetic data logistic regression prediction models versus real data models.

RESULTS

The utility metric best able to rank SDG methods was the multivariate Hellinger distance based on a Gaussian copula representation of real and synthetic joint distributions.

CONCLUSIONS

This study has validated a generative model utility metric, the multivariate Hellinger distance, which can be used to reliably rank competing SDG methods on the same data set. The Hellinger distance metric can be used to evaluate and compare alternate SDG methods.
Adolescents’ wellbeing while using a mobile AI-powered acceptance commitment therapy tool: evidence from a longitudinal study (Preprint)
Authors: Kai Dana
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUND

Adolescence is a critical developmental period to prevent and treat the emergence of mental health problems. Smartphones-based conversational agents can deliver psychological driven intervention and support, thus increasing psychological wellbeing over time.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of the study was to test the potential of an automated conversational agent named Kai.ai to deliver a self-help program based on ACT tools for adolescents, aimed to increase their wellbeing.

METHODS

Participants were 10,387 adolescents, between the ages of 14-18 years old, who used Kai.ai in on one of the top messaging apps (e.g., iMessage, WhatsApp). Users’ well-being levels were assessed between two and five times using the WHO-5 well-being questionnaire, over their engagement with service.

RESULTS

Users engaged with the conversational agent an average of 45.39 days (SD = 46.77), in which they have sent a total average of 214.3 messages (SD = 220.24). The average wellbeing score at T1 was 39.09 (SD = 18.15), indicating that, on average, users experienced reduced wellbeing. Multilevel modeling analysis indicated that participants’ wellbeing significantly increased over time (β= 1.62, p < .0001), and reached a clinically acceptable wellbeing average score (above 50).

CONCLUSIONS

Mobile based conversational agents has the potential to deliver engaging and effective way to deliver Acceptance Commitment Therapy (ACT) interventions.