bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An analysis of the cloud environment over the Ross
Sea and Ross Ice Shelf using CloudSat/CALIPSO
satellite observations: The importance of synoptic
forcing
Authors: Jolly Ben , Kuma Peter , McDonald Adrian , Parsons Simon
Published: August 2017

Abstract. We use the 2B-GEOPROF-LIDAR R04 (2BGL4) and R05 (2BGL5) products and the 2B-CLDCLASSLIDAR R04 (2BCL4) product, all generated by combining CloudSat radar and CALIPSO lidar satellite measurements with auxiliary data, to examine the vertical distribution of cloud occurrence around the Ross Ice Shelf (RIS) and Ross Sea region. We find that the 2BGL4 product, used in previous studies in this region, displays a discontinuity at 8.2 km which is not observable in the other products. This artefact appears to correspond with a change in the horizontal and vertical resolution of the CALIPSO dataset used above this level. We then use the 2BCL4 product to examine the vertical distribution of cloud occurrence, phase, and type over the RIS and Ross Sea. In particular we examine how synoptic conditions in the region, derived using a previously developed synoptic classification, impact the cloud environment and the contrasting response in the two regions. We observe large differences between the cloud occurrence as a function of altitude for synoptic regimes relative to those for seasonal variations. A stronger variation in the occurrence of clear skies and multi-layer cloud and in all cloud type occurrences over both the Ross Sea and RIS is associated with synoptic type than seasonal composites. In addition, anomalies from the mean joint histogram of cloud top height against thickness display significant differences over the Ross Sea and RIS sectors as a function of synoptic regime, but are near identical over these two regions when a seasonal analysis is completed. However, the frequency of particular phases of cloud, notably mixed phase and water, is much more strongly modulated by seasonal than synoptic regime compositing which suggests that temperature is still the most important control on cloud phase in the region.
Diode laser based gas analyzer for the simultaneous measurement of CO2 and HF in volcanic plumes
Authors: Chiarugi Antonio , Viciani Silvia , D'Amato Francesco , Burton Mike
Published: August 2017

Abstract. A portable analyzer, for simultaneous detection of CO2 and HF emitted by volcanoes and fumaroles, is described. The system is based on two fiber coupled Distributed FeedBack lasers and only one multipass cell, and provides the absolute concentration values of the 2 gases, without requiring a calibration procedure, at a maximum rate of 4 Hz. The spectrometer can operate both in a closed-cell configuration and in an open-cell setup, to remove all the problems connected with the chemisorption of the HF molecule. The concept, the practical realization and the laboratory performances of the device will be described. Moreover the results obtained during a first test campaign at the crater of Vulcano volcano will be reported, to demonstrate the in-field performances of the spectrometer.
The role of soil pH on soil carbonic anhydrase activity
Authors: Sauze Joana , Jones Samuel P. , Wingate Lisa , Wohl Steven , Ogée Jérôme
Published: August 2017

Abstract. Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are metalloenzymes present in plants and microorganisms that catalyse the interconversion of CO2 and water to bicarbonate and protons. Because oxygen isotopes are also exchanged during this reaction, the presence of CA also modifies the contribution of soil and plant CO18O fluxes to the global budget of atmospheric CO18O. The oxygen isotope signatures (δ18O) of these fluxes differ as leaf water pools are usually more enriched than soil water pools, and this difference is used to partition the net CO2 flux over land into soil respiration and plant photosynthesis. Nonetheless, the use of atmospheric CO18O as a tracer of land surface CO2 fluxes requires a good knowledge of soil CA activity. Previous studies have shown that significant differences in soil CA activity are found in different biomes and seasons but our understanding of the environmental and ecological drivers responsible for the spatial and temporal patterns observed in soil CA activity is still limited. One factor that has been overlooked so far is pH. Soil pH is known to strongly influence microbial community composition, richness and diversity in addition to governing the speciation of CO2 between the different carbonate forms. In this study we investigated the CO2–H2O isotopic exchange rate (kiso) in six soils with pH varying from 4.5 to 8.5. We also artificially increased the soil CA concentration to test how pH and other soil properties (texture and phosphate content) affected the relationship between kiso and CA concentration. We found that soil pH was the primary driver of kiso after CA addition and that the chemical composition (i.e. phosphate content) played only a secondary role. We also found an offset between the δ18O of the water pool with which CO2 equilibrates and total soil water (i.e. water extracted by vacuum distillation) that varied with soil texture. The reasons for this offset are still unknown.
Online total organic carbon (TOC) monitoring for water and wastewater treatment plants processes and operations optimization
Authors: Assmann Céline , Scott Amanda , Biller Dondra
Published: August 2017

Abstract. Organic measurements, such as biological oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) were developed decades ago in order to measure organics in water. Today, these time-consuming measurements are still used as parameters to check the water treatment quality; however, the time required to generate a result, ranging from hours to days, does not allow COD or BOD to be useful process control parameters – see (1) Standard Method 5210 B; 5-day BOD Test, 1997, and (2) ASTM D1252; COD Test, 2012. Online organic carbon monitoring allows for effective process control because results are generated every few minutes. Though it does not replace BOD or COD measurements still required for compliance reporting, it allows for smart, data-driven and rapid decision-making to improve process control and optimization or meet compliances. Thanks to the smart interpretation of generated data and the capability to now take real-time actions, municipal drinking water and wastewater treatment facility operators can positively impact their OPEX (operational expenditure) efficiencies and their capabilities to meet regulatory requirements. This paper describes how three municipal wastewater and drinking water plants gained process insights, and determined optimization opportunities thanks to the implementation of online total organic carbon (TOC) monitoring.
Instrument Data Simulations for GRACE Follow-on: Observation
and Noise Models
Authors: Darbeheshti Neda , Wegener Henry , Müller Vitali , Naeimi Majid , Heinzel Gerhard , Hewitson Martin
Published: August 2017

Abstract. The Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) mission has yielded data on the Earth's gravity field to monitor temporal changes for more than fifteen years now. The GRACE twin satellites use microwave ranging with micrometer precision to measure distance variations between two satellites caused by the Earth's global gravitational field. GRACE Follow-on (GRACE-FO) will be the first satellite mission to use inter-satellite laser interferometry in space. The laser ranging instrument (LRI) will provide two additional measurements compared to the GRACE mission: interferometric inter-satellite ranging with nanometer precision and inter-satellite pointing information. We have designed a set of simulated GRACE-FO data, which include LRI measurements, apart from all other GRACE instrument data needed for the Earth's gravity field recovery. The simulated data files are publicly available via https://doi.org/10.22027/AMDC2 and can be used to derive gravity field solutions like from GRACE data. This paper describes the scientific basis and technical approaches used to simulate the GRACE-FO instrument data.
Hydrological assessment of atmospheric forcing uncertainty in the
Euro-Mediterranean area using a land surface model
Authors: Gelati Emiliano , Decharme Bertrand , Calvet Jean-Christophe , Minvielle Marie , Polcher Jan , Fairbairn David , Weedon Graham P.
Published: August 2017

Abstract. The understanding of land surface hydrology is critical for planning human activities involving freshwater resources. We assess how atmospheric forcing data uncertainties affect land surface model (LSM) simulations by means of an extensive evaluation exercise using a number of state-of-the-art remote sensing and station-based datasets. For this purpose, we use the CO2-responsive ISBA-A-gs LSM coupled the CNRM version of the Total Runoff Integrated Pathways (CTRIP) river routing model. We perform multi-forcing simulations over the Euro-Mediterranean area (25°–75.5° N, 11.5° W–62.5° E, at 0.5° resolution) from 1979 to 2012. The model is forced using four atmospheric datasets. Three of them are based on the ERA-Interim reanalysis (ERA-I). The fourth dataset is independent from ERA-Interim: PGF, developed at Princeton University. The hydrological impacts of atmospheric forcing uncertainties are assessed by comparing simulated surface soil moisture (SSM), leaf area index (LAI) and river discharge against observation-based datasets: SSM from the European Space Agency's Water Cycle Multi-mission Observation Strategy and Climate Change Initiative projects (ESA-CCI); LAI of the Global Inventory Modeling and Mapping Studies (GIMMS); and Global Runoff Data Centre (GRDC) river discharge. The atmospheric forcing data are also compared to reference datasets. Precipitation is the most uncertain forcing variable across datasets, while the most consistent are air temperature, and SW and LW radiation. At the monthly time scale, SSM and LAI simulations are relatively insensitive to forcing uncertainties. Some discrepancies with ESA-CCI appear to be forcing-independent and may be due to different assumptions underlying the LSM and the remote sensing retrieval algorithm. All simulations overestimate average summer and early autumn LAI. Forcing uncertainty impacts on simulated river discharge are larger on mean values and standard deviations than on correlations with GRDC data. Anomaly correlation coefficients are not inferior to those computed from raw monthly discharge time series, indicating that the model reproduces inter-annual variability fairly well. However, simulated river discharge time series generally feature larger variability compared to measurements. They also tend to overestimate winter-spring high flows and underestimate summer–autumn low flows. Considering that several differences emerge between simulations and reference data, which may not be completely explained by forcing uncertainty, we suggest several research directions. These range from further investigating the discrepancies between LSMs and remote sensing retrievals to developing new model components to represent physical and anthropogenic processes.
Evaluation of the WRF model with different domain configurations and spin-up time in reproducing a sub-daily extreme rainfall event in Beijing, China
Authors: Chu Qi , Xu Zongxue , Chen Yiheng , Han Dawei
Published: August 2017

Abstract. The use of rainfall outputs from the latest convection-scale Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model is proven to be an effective way to extend the prediction lead time for flood forecasting. In this study, the effects of WRF domain configurations and spin-up time on rainfall simulations were evaluated at high temporal (sub-daily) and spatial (convective-permitting) scales for simulating a regional sub-daily extreme rainfall event occurred in Beijing, China. Seven objective verification metrics calculated against the ground precipitation observations and the ERA-Interim reanalysis, were analyzed jointly by the subjective verification to explore the likely best set of domain configurations and spin-up time. It was found that the rainfall simulations were quite sensitive to the change of the WRF domain size and spin-up time when evaluated at the convective scale. A model run with 1 : 5 : 5 horizontal downscaling ratio (1.6 km), 57 vertical layers (0.5 km), and 60-hour spin-up time covering Northern China exhibited the best skill in terms of the accuracy of rainfall intensity and the spatial correlation coefficient (R). Comparison made between the optimal run with the above set of the configurations and the initial run of the comparative test setup based on the most common settings revealed an evidential increase in each verification metric after the evaluation process, with R increased from 0.49 to 0.678, the relative error of point maximum precipitation rose from 0.41 to 0.881, and the spatial accumulated error fell by 43.22 %. In summary, the reevaluation of the domain configurations and spin-up time is of great importance and worthwhile in improving the accuracy and reliability of the rainfall simulations in the regional sub-daily heavy rainfall (SDHR) applications.
A statistical approach to latitude measurements: Ptolemy's and Riccioli's geographical works as case studies
Authors: Santoro Luca
Published: August 2017

Abstract. The aim of this work is to analyze latitude measurements typically used in historical geographical works through a statistical approach. We use two sets of different age as case studies: Ptolemy's Geography and Riccioli's work on geography. A statistical approach to historical latitude and longitude databases can reveal systematic errors in geographical georeferencing processes. On the other hand, once exploiting the right statistical analysis, this approach can also lead to new information about ancient city locations.
Optimal Transport for Variational Data Assimilation
Authors: Feyeux Nelson , Vidard Arthur , Nodet Maëlle
Published: August 2017

Abstract. Variational data assimilation methods are designed to estimate an unknown initial condition of a model using observations. To do so, one needs to compare model outputs and observations. This is generally performed using Euclidean distances. This paper investigates another distance choice: the Wasserstein distance, stemming from optimal transport theory. We develop a variational data assimilation method using this distance. We investigate the impact of the scalar product, the 5 gradient choice as well as the minimization algorithm. With appropriate choices, we show successful results on preliminary experiments. Optimal-transport-based optimization seems to be promising to preserve the geometrical properties of the estimated initial condition.
Evolution of fractality in magnetized plasmas
Authors: Muñoz Víctor , Domínguez Macarena , Valdivia Juan Alejandro , Good Simon , Nigro Giuseppina , Carbone Vincenzo
Published: August 2017

Abstract. We studied the temporal evolution of fractality for geomagnetic activity, by calculating fractal dimensions from Dst data and from an MHD shell model for a turbulent magnetized plasma, which may be a useful model to study geomagnetic activity under solar wind forcing. We show that the shell model is able to reproduce the relationship between the fractal dimension and the occurrence of dissipative events, but only in a certain region of viscosity and resistivity values. We also present preliminary results of the application of these ideas to the study of the magnetic field time series in the solar wind during magnetic clouds. Results suggest that the fractal dimension is able to characterize the complexity of the magnetic cloud structure.
The seismo-hydro-mechanical behaviour during deep geothermal reservoir stimulations: open questions tackled in a decameter-scale in-situ stimulation experiment
Authors: Amann Florian , Gischig Valentin , Evans Keith , Doetsch Joseph , Jalali Reza , Valley Benoît , Krietsch Hannes , Dutler Nathan , Villiger Linus , Brixel Bernard , Klepikova Maria , Kittilä Anniina , Madonna Claudio , Wiemer Stefan , Saar Martin O. , Loew Simon , Driesner Thomas , Maurer Hansruedi , Giardini Domenico
Published: August 2017

Abstract. In this contribution we present a review of scientific research results that address seismo-hydro-mechanical coupled processes relevant for the development of a sustainable heat exchanger in low permeability crystalline rock and introduce the design of the In-situ Stimulation and Circulation (ISC) experiment at the Grimsel Test Site dedicated to study such processes under controlled conditions. The review shows that research on reservoir stimulation for deep geothermal energy exploitation has been largely based on laboratory observations, large-scale projects and numerical models. Observations of full-scale reservoir stimulations have yielded important results. However, the limited access to the reservoir and limitations in the control on the experimental conditions during deep reservoir stimulations is insufficient to resolve the details of the hydro-mechanical processes that would enhance process understanding in a way that aids future stimulation design. Small scale laboratory experiments provide a fundamental insights into various processes relevant for enhanced geothermal energy, but suffer from 1) difficulties and uncertainties in upscaling the results to the field-scale and 2) relatively homogeneous material and stress conditions that lead to an over-simplistic fracture flow and/or hydraulic fracture propagation behaviour that is not representative for a heterogeneous reservoir. Thus, there is a need for intermediate-scale hydraulic stimulation experiments with high experimental control that bridge the various scales, and for which access to the target rock mass with a comprehensive monitoring system is possible. Only few intermediate-scale hydro-shearing and hydro-fracturing experiments have recently been performed in a densely instrumented rock mass. No such measurements have been performed on faults in crystalline basement rocks. The In-situ Stimulation and Circulation (ISC) experiment currently performed in a naturally fractured and faulted crystalline rock mass at the Grimsel Test Site (Switzerland) is designed to address open research questions, which could not be investigated in the required detail so far. Two hydraulic injection phases were executed to enhance the permeability of the rock mass: a hydro-shearing phase and then a hydraulic fracturing phase. During the injection phases the rock mass deformation across fractures and within intact rock, the pore pressure distribution and propagation and the micro-seismic response were monitored at a high spatial and temporal resolution.
Breaking supercontinents; no need to choose between passive or active
Authors: Wolstencroft Martin , Davies J. Huw
Published: August 2017

Abstract. Much debate has centred on whether continental break-up is predominantly caused by active upwelling in the mantle (e.g. plumes) or by long-range extensional stresses in the lithosphere. We propose the hypothesis that global supercontinent break-up events should always involve both. The fundamental principle involved is the conservation of mass within the spherical shell of the mantle, which requires a return flow for any major upwelling beneath a supercontinent. This shallow horizontal return flow away from the locus of upwelling produces extensional stress. We demonstrate this principle with numerical models, which simultaneously exhibit both upwellings and significant lateral flow in the upper mantle. For non-global break-up the impact of the finite geometry of the mantle will be less pronounced, weakening this process. This observation should motivate future studies of continental break-up to explicitly consider the global perspective, even when observations or models are of regional extent.
Open-source sea ice drift algorithm for Sentinel-1 SAR imagery using a combination of feature tracking and pattern matching
Authors: Muckenhuber Stefan , Sandven Stein
Published: August 2017

Abstract. An open-source sea ice drift algorithm for Sentinel-1 SAR imagery is introduced based on the combination of feature tracking and pattern matching. Feature tracking produces an initial drift estimate and limits the search area for the consecutive pattern matching, which provides small- to medium-scale drift adjustments and normalised cross-correlation values. The algorithm is designed to combine the two approaches in order to benefit from the respective advantages. The considered feature-tracking method allows for an efficient computation of the drift field and the resulting vectors show a high degree of independence in terms of position, length, direction and rotation. The considered pattern-matching method, on the other hand, allows better control over vector positioning and resolution. The preprocessing of the Sentinel-1 data has been adjusted to retrieve a feature distribution that depends less on SAR backscatter peak values. Applying the algorithm with the recommended parameter setting, sea ice drift retrieval with a vector spacing of 4 km on Sentinel-1 images covering 400 km  ×  400 km, takes about 4 min on a standard 2.7 GHz processor with 8 GB memory. The corresponding recommended patch size for the pattern-matching step that defines the final resolution of each drift vector is 34  ×  34 pixels (2.7  ×  2.7 km). To assess the potential performance after finding suitable search restrictions, calculated drift results from 246 Sentinel-1 image pairs have been compared to buoy GPS data, collected in 2015 between 15 January and 22 April and covering an area from 80.5 to 83.5° N and 12 to 27° E. We found a logarithmic normal distribution of the displacement difference with a median at 352.9 m using HV polarisation and 535.7 m using HH polarisation. All software requirements necessary for applying the presented sea ice drift algorithm are open-source to ensure free implementation and easy distribution.
Effects of snow grain shape on climate simulations: Sensitivity tests
with the Norwegian Earth System Model
Authors: Räisänen Petri , Makkonen Risto , Kirkevåg Alf , Boldingh Debernard Jens
Published: August 2017

Abstract. Snow consists of non-spherical grains of various shapes and sizes. Still, in radiative transfer calculations, snow grains are often treated as spherical. This also applies to the computation of snow albedo in the Snow, Ice, and Aerosol Radiation (SNICAR) model and in the Los Alamos sea ice model, version 4 (CICE4), both of which are employed in the Community Earth System Model and in the Norwegian Earth System Model (NorESM). In this study, we evaluate the effect of snow grain shape on climate simulated by NorESM in a slab ocean configuration of the model. An experiment with spherical snow grains (SPH) is compared with another (NONSPH) in which the snow shortwave single-scattering properties are based on a combination of three non-spherical snow grain shapes, optimized using measurements of angular scattering by blowing snow. The key difference between these treatments is that the asymmetry parameter is smaller in the non-spherical case (0.77–0.78 in the visible region) than in the spherical case (ca. 0.89). Therefore, for a given snow grain size, the use of non-spherical snow grains leads to a higher snow broadband albedo, typically by 0.02–0.03. Considering the spherical case as the baseline, this results in an instantaneous negative change in net shortwave radiation with a global-mean top-of-the-model value of ca. −0.22 Wm−2. Although this global-mean radiative effect is rather modest, the impacts on the climate simulated by NorESM are substantial. The global annual-mean 2-m air temperature in NONSPH is 1.17 K lower than in SPH, with substantially larger differences at high latitudes. The climatic response is amplified by strong snow and sea ice feedbacks. It is further demonstrated that the effect of snow grain shape could be largely offset by adjusting the snow grain size. When assuming non-spherical snow grains with the parameterized grain size increased by ca. 70 %, the climatic differences to the SPH experiment become very small. Finally, the impact of assumed snow grain shape on the radiative effects of absorbing aerosols in snow is discussed.
Using SAR satellite data time-series for regional glacier mapping
Authors: Winsvold Solveig H. , Kääb Andreas , Nuth Christopher , Andreassen Liss M. , van Pelt Ward , Schellenberger Thomas
Published: August 2017

Abstract. With dense SAR satellite data time-series it is possible to map surface and subsurface glacier properties that vary in time. On Sentinel-1A and Radarsat-2 backscatter images over mainland Norway and Svalbard, we have used descriptive methods for outlining the possibilities of using SAR time-series for mapping glaciers. We present five application scenarios, where the first shows potential for tracking transient snow lines with SAR backscatter time-series, and correlates with both optical satellite images (Sentinel-2A and Landsat 8) and equilibrium line altitudes derived from in situ surface mass balance data. In the second application scenario, time-series representation of glacier facies corresponding to SAR glacier zones shows potential for a more accurate delineation of the zones and how they change in time. The third application scenario investigates the firn evolution using dense SAR backscatter time-series together with a coupled energy balance and multi-layer firn model. We find strong correlation between backscatter signals with both the modeled firn air-content and modeled wetness in the firn. In the fourth application scenario, we highlight how winter rain events can be detected in SAR time-series, revealing important information about the area extent of internal accumulation. Finally, in the last application scenario, averaged summer SAR images were found to have potential in assisting the process of mapping glaciers outlines, especially in the presence of seasonal snow. Altogether we present examples of how to map glaciers and to further understand glaciological processes using the existing and future massive amount of multi-sensor time-series data. Our results reveal the potential of satellite imagery for automatically derived products as important input in modeling assessments and glacier change analysis.
Assessing Spacing Impact on Coherent Features in a Wind Turbine Array Boundary Layer
Authors: Ali Naseem , Hamilton Nicholas , Cal Raul
Published: August 2017

Abstract. As wind farms become larger, the spacing between turbines becomes a significant design element that imposes serious economic constraints. Effects of turbine spacing on the power produced and flow structure are crucial for future development of wind energy. To investigate the turbulent flow structures in a 4 × 3 Cartesian wind turbine array, a wind tunnel experiment was carried out parameterizing the streamwise and spanwise wind turbine spacing. Four cases were chosen spacing turbines by 6 diameters (D) or 3D in the streamwise, and 3D or 1.5D in the spanwise direction. Data were obtained experimentally using stereo particle-image velocimetry. Mean streamwise velocity showed maximum values upstream of the turbine with the spacing of 6D and 3D, in the streamwise and spanwise direction, respectively. Fixing the spanwise turbine spacing to 3D, variations in the streamwise spacing influence the turbulent flow structure and the power available to following wind turbines. Quantitative comparisons were made through spatial averaging, shifting measurement data and interpolating to account for the full range between devices to obtain data independent of array spacing. The largest averaged Reynolds stress is seen in cases with spacing of 3D and 3D, in the streamwise and spanwise direction, respectively. Snapshot proper orthogonal decomposition was employed to identify the flow structures based on the turbulence kinetic energy content. The maximum turbulence kinetic energy content in the first POD mode compared with other cases is seen for turbine spacing of 6D × 1.5D. The flow upstream of each wind turbine converges faster than the flow downstream according to accumulation of turbulence kinetic energy by POD modes, regardless of spacing. The streamwise-averaged profile of the Reynolds stress is reconstructed using a specific number of modes for each case; the case of 6D × 1.5D spacing shows the fastest reconstruction. Intermediate modes are also used to reconstruct the averaged profile and show that the intermediate scales are responsible for features seen in the original profile. The variation in streamwise and spanwis spacing leads to changing the background structure of the turbulence, where the color map based on barycentric map and anisotropy stress tensor provides a new perspective on the nature of the perturbations within the wind turbine array. The impact of the streamwise and spanwise spacings on power produced is quantified, where the maximum production corresponds with the case of greatest turbine spacing.
TÉCNICAS QUALITATIVAS EM ANÁLISES DE CAUSALIDADE: APLICAÇÕES DO PROCESS TRACING
Authors: Lima Iana Alves de
Published: August 2017

O presente artigo tem como objetivo discutir as possibilidades de utilização da técnica de process tracing na investigação de mecanismos causais em pesquisas sociais. Inicialmente, buscou-se situar a técnica dentro do debate metodológico sobre métodos qualitativos, apresentando as principais críticas direcionadas ao seu uso, especialmente as concernentes à incapacidade de lidar com inferências causais e incipiente rigor metodológico. Em seguida, a partir da revisão de produções teóricas a respeito do tema, objetiva-se apresentar definições do process tracing e apontar para a inadequação das principais críticas à referida técnica. Ademais, serão detalhadas suas principais aplicações e possíveis testes de rigor metodológico. Dessa forma, o artigo apresenta argumentos que sustentam a utilização do process tracing em desenhos de pesquisa que objetivam inferências causais e conclui que a técnica não é uma ferramenta acessória que orbita desenhos de estudos quantitativos, mas um instrumento de pesquisa autônomo passível de testes de rigor metodológico e capaz de fornecer validade.
GOVERNO DILMA NA MÍDIA IMPRESSA: ESTUDO SOBRE OS AGENTES EM DESTAQUE NOS TEXTOS DAS MANCHETES
Authors: Araújo Valmir Teixeira
Published: August 2017

A partir de uma compreensão do conceito do jornalismo impresso brasileiro foi elaborado um estudo sobre a cobertura política do Governo Dilma, nas manchetes publicadas nos três maiores jornais impressos do país - Folha de S. Paulo, O Globo e O Estado de S. Paulo. A pesquisa foi realizada a partir da cobertura midiática do primeiro ano da gestão – 2011 – por se tratar de um período chave para se refletir sobre a relação estabelecida entre a imprensa brasileira e o Governo Dilma. No estudo foi utilizada uma metodologia de Análise de Conteúdo, que possibilitou identificar a proporção da cobertura midiática dos referidos jornais sobre o Governo Dilma e também verificar quais foram os agentes destacados nos textos das manchetes, isto é, quais os personagens foram citados nestas chamadas. Os resultados possibilitaram considerar um destaque para o Governo Dilma nos três veículos analisados, com pouca diferenciação e também a utilização prioritária do nome da presidente e de outros agentes, como ministros, para se referir ao governo nos textos das manchetes.
O PAPEL DO CABO ELEITORAL NAS DISPUTAS PELO PODER LOCAL: SABER PROFISSIONAL, CAMPANHA POLÍTICA E FACÇÕES EM ARAPONGAS/SE (2014-2015)
Authors: Santana Santos Pâmella Synthia
Published: August 2017

O objetivo deste artigo é demonstrar a relação do ofício de cabo eleitoral e grupos políticos com o propósito de contribuir para a manutenção e ampliação do poder local, além de demonstrar que o cabo eleitoral é um ator chave no que concerne a disputa do jogo político. Através da observação participante, foram acompanhados nove cabos eleitorais no município de Arapongas no interior de Sergipe, antes e durante a campanha eleitoral de 2014, que trabalhavam para candidatos que pleiteavam a todos os cargos políticos, tendo em vista a necessidade de entendimento acerca de suas práticas desse seu saber político. Também foram feiras entrevistas semiestruturadas com esses cabos eleitorais com o propósito de compreender a visão de mundo desses atores sobre o seu espaço de atuação dentro e fora dos grupos políticos. Isso resultou em uma ampla visão sobre as diversas relações pessoais e políticas, que estão presentes no dia a dia desses grupos para poderem então preservar ou aumentar o seu poder político, visto a fluidez dos vínculos políticos que podem acabar atravessando os muros desses grupos.
JOGO DE IMAGENS NA PÁGINA 2: ESTUDO PRELIMINAR DA LAVA JATO NOS EDITORIAIS DA GAZETA DO POVO
Authors: Athanásio Ester
Published: August 2017

O artigo analisa, de maneira preliminar, a imagem pública da Operação Lava Jato nos editoriais da Gazeta do Povo, principal jornal do Paraná, a fim de identificar o discurso construído pelo principal jornal da cidade-sede da Operação, tendo como hipótese principal a ideia de que o jornal paranaense apoia e engrandece a Lava Jato e seus aliados, o que responde à sua linha editorial e também à expressividade que uma operação vinculada à área de atuação da Gazeta do Povo conquistou. Recorre-se à literatura sobre imagem pública política e teoria do jornalismo, já que o objeto é analisado a partir de material jornalístico. Ressaltam-se, portanto, as distinções dentre jornalismo informativo e opinativo, conferindo caráter privilegiado ao texto editorial – responsável pelo posicionamento oficial do veículo acerca da agenda pública. Tal texto contribui, enquanto ícone de visibilidade pública, para a construção da imagem de atores políticos ali expostos e é fundamental na formação da imagem pública do próprio veículo de comunicação. O corpus é composto de 10 editoriais de março a junho de 2016, submetidos à Análise do Discurso Francesa, por meio da qual foram identificadas as principais formações discursivas produzidas pelos editoriais jornalísticos. Conclui-se que há uma defesa convicta da Lava Jato, exibida como “implacável” trabalho de “limpeza ética” e “ruptura” política, o que confirma a hipótese de pesquisa apresentada.
EDITORIAL
Authors: Mont'Alverne Camila
Published: August 2017

Editorial
Nurses’ characteristics and perceptions toward using the electronic health record system as predictors of clinical nursing performance improvement
Authors: Abu Raddaha Ahmad H.
Published: August 2017

Objective: Little and inconclusive knowledge is known about nurses’ perceptions toward electronic health record (EHR) systems and how nurses role performance has been affected after using such systems. This study assessed the relationships between nurses’ sociodemographic characteristics, history and pattern of computer technology use, and perceptions toward the EHR system with their perceptions regarding improvement of clinical nursing performance after using the system. Predictors of nurses’ perception regarding the effect of the EHR system on improving their clinical nursing performance were delineated.Methods: Descriptive correlational design was used. A standardized self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data from nurses working at a governmental teaching hospital in Muscat, Oman. Nurses were selected randomly from a sampling frame, which consisted of a comprehensive list of employment numbers of nurses at the hospital.Results: With a response rate of 84.5%, 169 nurses returned completed questionnaires. The majority had highly positive perceptions toward the EHR system. A weakly negative correlation was observed between perceiving that EHR system is improving work performance with increasing level of academic nursing education (rho = 0.17, p = .02). Nurses who reported that it was easy to know how to request a test, record etc. using the EHR system [OR: 3.89 (95% CI: 1.54, 9.87), p < .01] were more likely perceive the EHR system as an improver to their clinical nursing performance. While, nurses who had completed at least baccalaureate nursing education [OR: 0.41 (95% CI: 0.19, 0.89), p = .02] were less likely to perceive the EHR system had improved their performance.Conclusions: Nurses should be able to demonstrate basic nursing informatics competencies when dealing with computers and software applications used in healthcare settings. Future qualitative studies are encouraged to explore the lived experiences of nurses, in order to develop better understanding to the impact of the EHR system on nursing practice.
Cadeias globais de valor: uma análise do efeito transbordamento da indústria automobilística brasileira para os anos de 2000 e 2014
Authors: Castro Gustavo Henrique Leite de , Luquini Renan Henrique , Camara Márcia Regina Gabardo , Sesso Filho Umberto Antonio , Brene Paulo Rogério Alves
Published: August 2017

O objetivo deste trabalho é mapear, analisar e comparar os multiplicadores de produção e o efeito transbordamento relacionados ao setor de fabricação de veículos motorizados, trailers e semi-trailers para 43 países mais o resto do mundo - com foco no Brasil - para os anos de 2000 e 2014. Para tanto, foi realizada uma discussão teórica e empírica que contempla as teorias sobre as Cadeias Globais de Valor e uma retrospectiva da indústria automobilística brasileira. O trabalho utilizou a análise de insumo-produto mundial para estimar os multiplicadores de produção com base nos dados disponíveis na WIOD (2017). Como principal resultado a pesquisa aponta um aumento dos multiplicadores de produção global, ocorrendo o mesmo para este setor no Brasil. Outro resultado importante foi à diminuição do efeito transbordamento para o Brasil indo na contramão do efeito global, ou seja, este setor, que é apoiado pelo Estado, diminuiu sua dependência externa.
Verificação émpírica da curva de Laffer para o Brasil entre os anos de 1996 a 2014
Authors: Luquini Renan Henrique , Cruz André Diego Souza da , Castro Gustavo Henrique Leite de
Published: August 2017

O objetivo do estudo foi verificar empiricamente a Curva de Laffer para o Brasil nos anos de 1996 a 2014, a fim de descobrir qual a carga tributária (real) que irá propiciar o máximo de arrecadação (real) possível. De início, são feitas algumas considerações referentes à política fiscal, ao sistema tributário, e a carga tributária brasileira, bem como, a teoria da Curva de Laffer e seus principais estudos empíricos. Utilizou-se no estudo uma função quadrática para estimar uma regressão por meio do MQO, a fim de obter seu ponto de máximo. O modelo Log-Lin foi o que melhor atendeu as especificações da teoria e, após os testes de verificação do modelo (os quais foram favoráveis), conclui-se que o ponto de máximo da carga tributária real que irá maximizar as receitas de forma geral é de 40,73%, sendo este maior do que o observado no Brasil, no ano de 2014.
Cadeia de suprimentos de perecíveis: como restaurantes selecionam e se relacionam com fornecedores de hortaliças
Authors: Pigatto Gessuir
Published: August 2017

O aumento da alimentação fora do domicilio possibilitou um aumento da receita dos estabelecimentos que oferecem serviço de alimentação, porém elevou as exigências pela aquisição de insumos de qualidade. Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar a cadeia de suprimentos de perecíveis utilizada pelas empresas no setor de serviço de alimentação, especificamente as ações utilizadas por pequenos restaurantes comerciais para a tomada de decisão no processo de aquisição de hortaliças. Foram objeto de análise, restaurantes localizados em municípios da região noroeste do Estado de São Paulo localizados a mais de 600 km do principal centro de fornecimento de hortaliças do país (CEAGESP). Optou-se, por uma pesquisa de campo, com coleta de dados por questionários semiestruturados, aplicados na forma de entrevista pessoal, com análise qualitativa dos dados. Apesar da proximidade, a relação comercial entre os restaurantes e seus fornecedores apresentou características que se posicionaram mais próximas do mercado concorrencial do que colaborativo.
The Co-Evolution of Institutional Logics and Boundary Spanning in Sustainability Transitions: the Case of Urban Stormwater Management in Melbourne, Australia
Authors: Brodnik Christoph , Brown Rebekah
Published: August 2017

Institutions and actors both play a critical role in sustainability transitions, yet they have never been investigated together. This study combines both dimensions, systematically applying an institutional logics and boundary spanning lens to examine the interplay between structure and agency over the course of a particular system innovation: the case of urban stormwater management in Melbourne, Australia. Looking through this dual lens reveals the socio-institutional patterns and mechanisms that determine inertia and practice change in the urban stormwater management system. We found that structure and agency co-evolve; when their relationship changes, the dynamics between boundary spanning and institutional logics change too – as do the corresponding niche and regime developments. Our findings suggest that even radical innovations can be successfully institutionalized when using certain forms of boundary spanning at specific phases of a system innovation.
Flipped Higher Education Classroom: An Application in Environmental Education Course in Primary Education
Authors: Yilmaz Ozkan
Published: August 2017

Usage of technology in educational settings is becoming a standard for 21st century’s learners. Flipped classroom presents an entirely new learning environment based on technology for students, thus requiring different research for establishing effective learning and teaching.This paper aimed to explore usability of flipped classroom in higher education from the perspective of students’ experience. The study participants are undergraduate students who are enrolled department of primary education in faculty of education. In study used a mixed-method to answer research questions. Students were post tested on usage of flipped classroom model in the frame of instructional materials attitude. And, focus group interview used to get students’ perceptions. One of the more significant findings to emerge from this study is that students’ attitude toward the flipped classroom were positive. The second major finding was that flipped classroom model is effective on: (1) Instruction and learning environment, (2) Individual changes.
Van De Redactie
Authors: Metze Tamara
Published: August 2017

Editorial

This editorial offers an introduction to the current issue.
Essay ‘Crisis van de gevestigde partijen’
Authors: van der Meer Tom
Published: August 2017

R&D

Reflection and debate initiates academically inspired discussions on issues that are on the current policy agenda.
Reactie op het essay van Tom van der Meer. Partijen als verenigingen van mensen onderling
Authors: Sneller Joost
Published: August 2017

R&D

Reflection and debate initiates academically inspired discussions on issues that are on the current policy agenda.
Iedere burger een lobbyist? Over politieke participatie voorbij de representatieve democratie.
Authors: Braun Caelesta
Published: August 2017

Boekensignalement

In this feature authors review recently published books on subjects of interest to readers of Beleid en Maatschappij.
Barreiras na qualificação da manutenção em empresas de pequeno e médio porte do setor metal mecânico
Authors: De Oliveira Guilherme , Pizzolato Morgana , Braghirolli Lynceo Falavigna
Published: August 2017

A falha dos equipamentos é uma das causas do não atendimento às expectativas dos clientes. Em algumas situações, tal falha decorre de procedimentos inadequados na gestão da manutenção. Neste trabalho, objetivou-se descrever a situação da manutenção e identificar as barreiras para a qualificação dessa atividade em empresas de pequeno e médio porte do setor metal mecânico da cidade de Santa Maria. Para isso, procurou-se compreender a realidade dessas empresas mediante um conjunto de entrevistas, cujos resultados foram confrontados com estratégias difundidas na área de gestão da manutenção. A partir desse cruzamento, tornou-se possível identificar ações para a superação das dificuldades enfrentadas.
Implementação da metodologia Seis Sigma para melhoria de processos utilizando o ciclo DMAIC: um estudo de caso em uma indústria automotiva
Authors: Silva Luana Carla , Oliveira Maria Celia , Silva Fernando Aparecido
Published: August 2017

A globalização dos mercados mundiais provocou modificações profundas nas organizações, gerando desafios como a redução de custos e melhores índices de qualidade para manter a competitividade. Por esse motivo, cada vez mais as empresas buscam meios de gestão que lhes permitam reduzir custos, melhorar a qualidade e satisfação dos clientes. O Seis Sigma é uma estratégia gerencial e altamente quantitativa, que tem como objetivo aumentar a performance e a lucratividade das empresas, por meio da melhoria da qualidade de produtos e processos e do aumento da satisfação de clientes. Neste artigo, foi desenvolvido um estudo de caso utilizando conceitos de Seis Sigma com o propósito de melhoria da qualidade e redução de custos em uma linha de produção, utilizando ferramentas, tais como DMAIC, Ishikawa e Pareto.
Identificação de fatores antecedentes na implementação da filosofia Lean no processo de desenvolvimento de produtos
Authors: Reis Zaida Cristiane dos , Costa Carlos Alberto , Milan Gabriel Sperandio
Published: August 2017

Neste trabalho, avaliaram-se os fatores considerados importantes na implantação do Lean no PDP. Analisou-se a implementação do Lean no PDP em uma organização com domínio da filosofia Lean, sendo proposto um modelo baseado em quatro elementos macroestruturantes: Liderança e Gestão, Cultura Organizacional, Ferramentas e Ambiente. Foram propostas e analisadas categorias de estudo focadas em três cenários temporais: Anterior, Atual e Posterior à implantação do Lean no PDP. Utilizaram-se oito variáveis para apoiar a análise realizada mediante estudo de caso para validação do modelo criado. Foram usados, como instrumento de coleta de dados, roteiros de questões, com uma abordagem semiestruturada. Os resultados apontam para validação do modelo proposto, por meio de elementos, categorias e variáveis utilizadas. Destacaram-se os elementos macroestruturantes Liderança e Gestão e Cultura Organizacional como pilares fundamentais para fortalecer o Lean no PDP. Entre estes, salientam-se as variáveis equipe selecionada e treinada, habilidade e competências, nos três cenários analisados.
Selekcja jako instrument kształtowania wizerunku pracodawcy
Authors: Dolot Anna
Published: August 2017

Celem artykułu jest prezentacja wybranych elementów, które w procesie selekcji pracowni‑
ków mają określony wpływ na kształtowanie wizerunku firmy, jako pracodawcy. W pierw‑
szej kolejności zdefiniowano pojęcie selekcji oraz jej kluczowych metod. Szczególną uwagę
skupiono na wywiadzie oraz Assessment Center. Następnie scharakteryzowano pojęcie
wizerunku oraz wizerunku pracodawcy. Najistotniejszą częścią artykułu są wyniki badań
empirycznych. Badania prowadzone były wśród pracowników dużych przedsiębiorstw na
terenie miasta Krakowa i dotyczyły wybranych elementów procesu selekcji i ich wpływu
na kształtowanie wizerunku firmy, jako pracodawcy.
Marka pracodawcy a marka zatrudnienia – dyskusja pojęć
Authors: Jędrzejczyk Anna
Published: August 2017

W  artykule zostały zaprezentowane różnice występujące w  literaturze polskojęzycznej, anglojęzycznej i  niemieckojęzycznej przy definiowaniu dwóch terminów: „marki praco‑ dawcy” i „marki zatrudnienia”. Te różnice definicyjne wywołują odmienności na płaszczyź‑ nie zrozumienia funkcji, jakie spełnia zarządzanie marką pracodawcy wobec zarządzania zasobami ludzkimi w  przedsiębiorstwie. Zarówno z  literatury niemieckojęzycznej, jak i polskojęzycznej wynika, iż zarządzanie marką pracodawcy wpływa na zarządzanie zaso‑ bami ludzkimi głównie przy definiowaniu wspólnych wartości marki pracodawcy z marką zatrudnienia. Natomiast zgodnie z  literaturą anglojęzyczną markę pracodawcy stanowi również marka zatrudnienia, a jej celem jest stworzenie miejsca pracy, w którym pracow‑ nicy chcą pracować. Oznacza to, że w literaturze anglojęzycznej procesy w ramach employer brandingu wpływają bezpośrednio na funkcje personalne w przedsiębiorstwie, przy czym w literaturze polskojęzycznej i niemieckojęzycznej ten wpływ jest jedynie pośredni.