bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Generalizing to Unseen Domains via Patch Mix
Authors: Yang Juncheng , Li Zuchao , Li Chao , Xie Shuai , Yu Wei , Li Shijun
Published: August 2023

Domain Generalization (DG) aims to transfer knowledge learned from multiple source domains to unseen domains. One of the primary challenges hinders DG is the insufficient diversity of source domains, which hampers the model's ability to learn to generalize.
Traditional data augmentation methods, which fuse content, style, labels, etc., unable to effectively learn the global features from the source domains.
In this paper, we present an innovative approach to domain generalization learning technique, called PatchMix, by stitching the patches of different source domains together to build domain mixed samples.
This approach helps the model to learn the common features of different source domains at every glimpse.
Meanwhile, a domain discriminator is introduced to preserve the model's ability to distinguish the source domains, which is proved to be helpful for the model to generalize to unseen domains.
To our best knowledge, we are the first to unveil the equation that elucidates the correlation between the number of patches and the number of source domains. Our method, PatchMix, outperforms the current state-of-the-art (SOTA) on four benchmark datasets.
Elemental Imaging and Correlation Analysis of Human Glioblastoma U87 Cells treated with Cisplatin using μ-PIXE
Authors: Fonteles Henrique , Klippel Theylor , Marcolin Julia , Bauer Deiverti , Lenz Guido , Dias Johnny , Grande Pedro
Published: August 2023

Cisplatin (Pt(NH4)2Cl2) and other platinum-based drugs are widely used medications that treat several different cancers, including, but not limited to, ovarian, testicular, and neck. This study presents an investigation into the correlation between the distribution of cellular platinum concentration and other elements in human glioblastoma U87 cells using the μ-PIXE technique. Cells were treated with cisplatin at concentrations of 10, 20, and 100 μM for 24 hours. The μ-PIXE technique enabled the quantification of the elements in the cells and allowed the generation of two-dimensional elemental maps with micrometric spatial resolution. By measuring the chlorine and platinum signals, we were able to identify single cells in the samples and detect those with higher platinum concentrations respectively. Moreover, we observed that the 100 μM sample had a high iron signal correlating with the platinum signal, which was not present at lower treatment concentrations. This result may indicate the induction of ferroptosis, i.e. a type of iron-dependent cell death completely independent from apoptosis.
Analysis of COVID-19 model under Caputo fractional derivative with case study of Algeria
Authors: Benterki Abdessalem , Benbachir Maamar
Published: August 2023

This research article examines the local existence and uniqueness of solutions to a fractional-order susceptible-exposed-infectious-quarantined-recovered-deceased-protected differential system modeling the spread of the Covid-19 pandemic in Algeria. The authors leverage fixed point theory within the framework of partial metric spaces to prove the existence and uniqueness of the solutions to the derived fractional differential equations comprising the SEIQRDP model. Their approach provides a theoretical basis for establishing the validity of the fractional-order Covid-19 epidemic model using fixed point theory in partial metric spaces. The fractional-order SEIQRDP model is verified through numerical simulations and graphical demonstrations specifically for Algeria’s Covid-19 outbreak to validate the theoretical results. The numerical solutions illustrate how the susceptible, exposed, infectious, quarantined, recovered, deceased and protected populations in Algeria evolve over time under different parameters of the mathematical model, offering decision makers valuable insights for formulating effective mitigation strategies tailored to Algeria’s Covid-19 crisis. The numerical and graphical demonstrations demonstrate that the fractional-order SEIQRDP model can adequately capture the distinctive characteristics of Algeria’s Covid-19 propagation dynamics.
Mathematics Subject Classification (2000) 26A33 · 34A12 · 54H25.
Evaluate the importance of giving antenatal corticosteroids in respiratory distress syndrome in preterm neonates
Authors: Reddy Adarsh , Reddy Vanaja , Reddy Gottam Archana , Nimmala Niveditha Reddy
Published: August 2023

Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is one of the leading causes of early neonatal morbidity and mortality in late preterm infants (LPIs) worldwide.

The aim: The study is intended to evaluate the importance of giving antenatal corticosteroids in decreasing respiratory distress syndrome in preterm neonates.

Materials and methods: Prospective cohort study done in all preterms delivered in the hospital attached to those admitted in our neonatal intensive care unit during the study duration are taken as the source. All preterm babies are admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit.

Results: The overall incidence of RDS in this study was 30 (15 %), among which 7 (7 %) were exposed to steroids, and 23 (23 %) were not exposed to steroids. Antenatal corticosteroids were significantly associated with reduced incidence of RDS in preterms (neonates born between 28–37 weeks of gestational age). The overall incidence of TTN (transient tachypnea) was found to be 46 (28 %) in this study, among which 14 (14 %) were exposed to steroids, and 32 (32 %) were not exposed to steroids. Antenatal corticosteroids were significantly associated with reduced incidence of TTN in preterms. Antenatal corticosteroids significantly reduce the need for supplemental oxygen, NICU admission, need for CPAP and mortality rate. The dose of antenatal corticosteroids was significantly associated with the incidence of RDS and TTN. 2 doses of steroids reduced RDS and TTN significantly compared to the single dose, which was just significantly associated. This study found no significance between RDS and TTN with gestational age, mode of delivery, birth weight and RDS among steroid-exposed babies.

Conclusion: The use of antenatal corticosteroids should be promoted because they successfully lowered morbidity and mortality among premature newborns in the population studied. In order to optimise proper and timely prenatal corticosteroid treatment, this study underlines the necessity for quality improvement initiatives.
Lieb-Schultz-Mattis, Luttinger, and 't Hooft - anomaly matching in lattice systems
Authors: Cheng Meng , Seiberg Nathan
Published: August 2023

We analyze lattice Hamiltonian systems whose global symmetries have ’t Hooft anomalies. As is common in the study of anomalies, they are probed by coupling the system to classical background gauge fields. For flat fields (vanishing field strength), the nonzero spatial components of the gauge fields can be thought of as twisted boundary conditions, or equivalently, as topological defects. The symmetries of the twisted Hilbert space and their representations capture the anomalies. We demonstrate this approach with a number of examples. In some of them, the anomalous symmetries are internal symmetries of the lattice system, but they do not act on-site. (We clarify the notion of “on-site action.”) In other cases, the anomalous symmetries involve lattice translations. Using this approach we frame many known and new results in a unified fashion. In this work, we limit ourselves to 1+1d systems with a spatial lattice. In particular, we present a lattice system that flows to the c=1c=1 compact boson system with any radius (no BKT transition) with the full internal symmetry of the continuum theory, with its anomalies and its T-duality. As another application, we analyze various spin chain models and phrase their Lieb-Shultz-Mattis theorem as an ’t Hooft anomaly matching condition. We also show in what sense filling constraints like Luttinger theorem can and cannot be viewed as reflecting an anomaly. As a by-product, our understanding allows us to use information from the continuum theory to derive some exact results in lattice model of interest, such as the lattice momenta of the low-energy states.
A Combined Approach for Predicting Binding Affinity of Zika Virus NS2B-NS3 Protease Inhibitors Using Semi-Empirical Methods and Molecular Docking Algorithms
Authors: de Oliveira Maycon Vinicius , Almeida Leonardo , da Rocha João , Wanzeller Ana Lucia , Lima Anderson
Published: August 2023

Zika virus (ZIKV) is a mosquito-borne virus that has emerged as a major public health concern due to its association with severe neurological disorders. In recent years, there has been increasing interest in exploring natural products as potential therapeutics for ZIKV infection. This study aimed to predict the binding affinity of natural compounds to the ZIKV NS2B-NS3 protease (NS2B-NS3pro) using multiple molecular docking algorithms and semiempirical quantum mechanical methods. Our results demonstrate that semiempirical methods can improve the accuracy of molecular docking studies for natural compounds. In this particular case, the PM7 (Parametric Method Number 7) method showed a significant improvement in the coefficient of determination (R2 = 0.85). We expect this combined approach to aid in the development of natural product-based therapies for ZIKV infection and to highlight the importance of continued research in this field.
SECRET OF “ALWAYS ALREADY” (OF THE LOST TRACE OF PHENOMENOLOGY) IN DECONSTRUCTION OF DERRIDA
Authors:   Kuban State University, VAVILOV ANTON
Published: August 2023

Based on key texts of Derrida as well as his interviews and recently published seminars the article presents a “micrological” analysis of deconstructivist thought in the context of its appeal to phenomenology of Husserl and fundamental ontology of Heidegger. Derrida begins his intellectual path with a reflection on the most important topics of Husserlian phenomenology and discovers in the descriptions of temporalization a paradoxical movement of the immanent self-deconstruction of phenomenology. It from within undermines its own basic principle of the primordial givenness of the living present to itself in its whole presence. From the point of view of Derrida’s deconstruction, the living present of self-presence of the transcendental ego, like itself, is no longer the original source of sense, meaning, knowledge and experience but rather the effect of difference. Derrida discovers the radical constitutive dependence of the present on the trace of the inevitably lost past, thus, his thought resolutely destroys the primordial nature of the present and roots it in the true “origin” as a game of delays and differences. Similarly, Derrida criticizes the project of fundamental ontology. While Heidegger conceives of the ontological difference between being and Being as the last hidden basis of any question in the discourse of metaphysics, Derrida insists that this differentiation is derived from différance as an even more primordial movement of difference. And although Derrida claims to have a more essential comprehension of the core of metaphysics compared to Husserl and Heidegger and even confidently classifies their philosophical work ones to the field of metaphysics, he continues to use the resources of phenomenological and transcendental discourse again and again, leaving them without any criticism. The most telling example here is the use of the phrase “always already” (toujours déjà, immer schon), incredibly common in the works of Heidegger and Husserl (as well as most other most famous modern phenomenologists) and accompanying most of Derrida’s texts. In this article we seek to draw attention to the mystery power of this phrase, which hides the secret of the origins of phenomenological, fundamental-ontological, transcendental, and deconstructivist discourses as such, and also to demonstrate the possibilities of self-deconstruction of deconstruction, which with new urgency returns us to the problem of defining the limits of metaphysics and the “margins of philosophy”.
A PHENOMENOLOGICAL AND A POSTSTRUCTURALIST READING OF BEING AND TIME (SECTIONS 54–60)
Authors:   HSE University, CHERNAVIN GEORGY
Published: August 2023

The article builds on Husserl’s “trivial” observations from the manuscript Reason — Science. Reason and Morality — Reason and Metaphysics on the topic of conscience, to then question the neglect of the topic of misguided conscience or self-deception in Heidegger’s model of conscience from §§ 54–60 of Being and Time. In Heidegger’s conception of conscience (as a silent call appealing to the authenticity of Dasein) we will not find a number of points important to the Husserlian understanding of conscience: neither the unrevealed horizons of prior life, nor the relativity of intersubjective contexts, nor a misguided (and doubting) conscience, still less a search for (presumed) evidence. That said, the way Heidegger axiomatically sets up the original culpability of Dasein creates a number of dead ends or blind spots in this model. It is to these that Mark Richir addresses in his interpretation (or, more precisely, two alternative interpretations), speaking of the “original symbolic mishap” that befell Dasein, and then of the “symbolic tautology” in which it has become a prisoner. Richir’s critique is not aimed at “overcoming” Heidegger’s model of conscience, but at demonstrating a transcendental illusion — probably inevitable for one who is guided by “authenticity” and the “inner voice.” This is a kind of critical phenomenology of “authenticity”, which manages to avoid the closedness of phenomenology in itself by “grafting” in it poststructuralism. This is why both the first and the second interpretation by the Belgian phenomenologist focus on the problem of symbolic structures: “original symbolic mishap” in the first case and “symbolic tautology” in the second.
SCHELLINGIAN MOTIVES IN M. RICHIR’S PHENOMENOLOGY: PHENOMENOLOGICAL UNCONSCIOUSNESS AND TRANSCENDENTAL HYPNOSE
Authors:   HSE University, KHAN KATE
Published: August 2023

The article provides a philosophical reconstruction of the composition of key motives in the phenomenological project of Mark Richir, who is known for his criticism of the symbolic institution. Following Richir’s deep inspiration in Schelling’s philosophy allows to find connections between his theory of the phenomenological unconscious and affectivity, his commentaries concerning Greek mythology and mythological thinking in La Naissance de Dieux—and his political theory. Along with general historical and philosophical comments on a number of translations of Schelling into French, Richir repeatedly refers to Schelling in his own theoretical arguments. The research shows how some of Richir’s concepts — in particular, his interpretation of the phenomenological unconsciousness, myth, the Protean nature of power, the change of grand epochs as a change of types of the symbolic institutions of power—can be understood on the basis of relevant passages from Schelling’s philosophy, and how a semantic genealogical connection between them can be built. By considering the importance of the phenomenological unconsciousness in the course of phenomenalization process as described in Richir’s works, it is proposed to contrast the interpretation of the unconsciousness, which retains its simple mystery and the ways of dealing, with it in Richir’s version: while psychoanalysis is striving for the “disenchantment” of the unconsciousness by means of translating it into the symbolic language and transferring the living potentiation of meaning into the reproduction of a symptom. Richir’s phenomenological appeal to mythology turns out to be a non-trivial shift from theoretical philosophy to practical philosophy. The article also pays attention to the theory of power in Richir and Lefort, which presumably dates back to La Boétie. It is proposed to reveal the antithesis of the imaginary policy of the despot proposed by Richir, reproducing the symbolic institution of power and supporting the transcendental illusion of the need for control and order in the form of a kind of “hypnosis”—and real politics as a praxis of freedom.
PRO-CREATIVE FUNCTION OF PRODUCTIVE IMAGINATION IN KANT’S FIRST CRITIQUE. DISCUSSION REMARK ON THE BOOK OF SAULIUS GENIUSAS “PHENOMENOLOGY OF PRODUCTIVE IMAGINATION: EMBODIMENT, LANGUAGE, SUBJECTIVITY” (Ibidem-Verlag, Stuttgart, 2021. ISBN-13: 978-3-8382-1552-5)
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, ARTEMENKO NATALIA ,   Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University
Published: August 2023

The aim of our “discussion remark” is not to present a critical review on the book written by S. Geniusas, a brilliant study notable by its extreme painstakingness, historical sensitivity and terminological accuracy, but rather to delve deeply into the origins of phenomenological understanding of productive imagination, i.e., to turn “back to Kant”, given in Saulius Geniusas’ book (the first chapter) for introductory reason. We proceed from S. Geniusas remark that productive imagination establishes a relation between different abilities, reconciles the antagonism between them and, in this respect, exercises a pro-creative function. We reveal that it is this pro-creative element of productive imagination that brings it closer to time (as indicated by Viktor Molchanov, a prominent Russian phenomenologist, in his study of 1988) and serves as the basis for gaining new knowledge. Imagination acts as a limit for reflection, however, it gets revealed only through reflecting, and, thus, it proves to be connected with a fundamental layer of consciousness, which appears both as an object and as a means of describing reflection, i.e., as time. The convergence, or rather, identification, of time with imagination lies in the very fact that both of them exercise an objective function: time – as a possibility for semantic definition of objectivity, imagination – as a basis for a possibility of any knowledge. Moreover, imagination turns out to be a source of a paradox and, ultimately, the only thing that explains self-cognition.
PHÉNOMÉNOLOGIE OU STRUCTURALISME. FOUCAULT, DERRIDA ET LA SYNTHÈSE PASSIVE
Authors:   Faculty of Teology of Northern Italy, PEREGO VITTORIO
Published: August 2023

Foucault and Derrida react in two different ways to the new paradigm imposed by structuralism. Foucault uses structuralism to overcome phenomenology, in fact structuralism shows the naivety of phenomenology, in its claim to rely on conscience to constitute meaning. Instead, Derrida on the contrary immediately nurtures a certain distrust of structuralism, especially in its philosophical ambitions and uses the resources of phenomenology to criticize it, showing the metaphysical implications operating in it. We want to show how this opposing position is generated by the specific way in which the two philosophers have responded to the open problems and bequeathed by Husserlian phenomenology. In particular, the theme of “passive genesis,” which was raised in the French debate by Tran-Duc-Thao and Merleau-Ponty, is central. In the first writings it emerges how Foucault has received Merleau-Ponty’s theses and it is precisely to overcome them that he inaugurates an archaeological analysis to try to distance himself from the normalizing anthropological discourse present in the passive synthesis. Derrida reads passive genesis in a radically different way from Merleau-Ponty (and therefore Foucault): the radical nature of Husserl’s phenomenology has opened a space to question the transcendental genesis of philosophical discourse and its possibility of transcending its historical, social and psychological genesis and therefore the sciences that preside over these dimensions. Consequently, showing the naivety of structuralism, Derrida’s research of the sixties is configured as post-structuralist.
FROM STRUCTURE TO STYLE. MERLEAU-PONTY
Authors:   University of Tübingen, KANOOR ABBED ,   International College of Philosophy, Paris
Published: August 2023

In this article I try to show that there is an evolution in Merleau-Ponty’s understanding of the concept structure. Structure is neither an entity nor an a priori principle, but the expression of certain configurations of sense and meaning. There is a transition from a static to a dynamic approach, paralleling a movement from a philosophy of structure to a philosophy of individuation. There exists for each individual a general structure of behavior as a unity expressed in certain constants of its conduct. The structure is a momentary manifestation of the general orientation of the passive-affective life in its bodily expressions. Structuration is the act of creating order in the perception of the surrounding situation and the process of taking a position in it. By doing so Merleau-Ponty replaces the Gestalt psychology with a philosophy of the living being. This essential philosophical intuition culminates in the concept of style, which becomes an important element in Merleau-Ponty’s later phenomenological aesthetics and phenomenology of world appearance.
Co-existence and harmonisation of different legal traditions in South Africa
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Rudokvas Anton D. , Thomas Philip J. ,   University of Pretoria
Published: August 2023

This essay introduces a contemporary description of the mixed jurisdiction of South Africa. It depicts how in South Africa co-existence, harmonization and resistance are found in different fields of law and identifies both pitfalls and benefits of mixity. Several components are introduced: civil law, English common law, local customary law, the Bill of Rights and international legal instruments. The successful harmonisation of civil and common law is ascribed to introduction of the English administration of justice. The British institutions, structure and process placed the focus on legal procedure and succeeded to avoid conflict between different legal cultures as economic transactions ignored different value systems and doctrine. The same model was, however, not applied in respect of indigenous customary law, where from the onset choices between values and doctrine were cast in stone with the consequent conflicts. The new constitution of 1996 is transformative and the courts are instructed to develop common law and indigenous law to promote the rights, values, spirit and purport of the Bill of Rights. Thus, in all fields of private law court decisions attempt to realise such transformation by harmonising constitutional values with legal tradition while strong impetus has been provided by legislation. As it appears that the need for harmonisation between civil and common law is experienced mainly in the commercial field, the question arises whether civil law jurisdictions can transform themselves into a mixed jurisdiction by way of legal transplants to facilitate the global market. Mixed legal systems developed mostly as the result of colonial history. Civil law and common law were able to mix because the common law court system and procedure made it possible for English trained judges to successfully merge certain areas of private law, primarily in the commercial field. This means that the court system and the law of procedure, but especially training, qualification and selection of judges are of paramount importance.
The doctrine of error in Scotland and the South African Republic
Authors:   Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, Kornilina Polina V.
Published: August 2023

he article presents the results of a comparative-legal analysis of the doctrine of error at the contract conclusion in the mixed jurisdictions of Scotland and the South African Republic. The jurisdictions in question were significantly influenced by the continental civil law tradition as well as the common law tradition. The civil doctrine was taken as the basis for the formation of the doctrines of error in the law of Scotland as well as in the law of South Africa and subsequently underwent the influence of common law. In view of this similar doctrine development, both systems face similar problems: namely, the development of criteria for distinguishing a significant error from an insignificant one, as well as determining the exact amount of exemption from obligations assumed by a party to the contract under the influence of a significant error. Thus it is of interest to consider how the mixed nature is reflected in the doctrine of error, to the formation of which legal structures it has led to and to compare how each of the considered jurisdictions manage to solve similar problems arising. The author established a legal analysis of the mixed systems of Scotland and South Africa Republic, noting their proximity. The main issues of the doctrine of error are analysed, in particular, the content of the concepts of “material error” and “justus error” in the law of South African Republic, and the concepts of “essential error” / “error in substantialibus”, as well as “but for” test in Scottish law. The influence of the introduction of misrepresentation (in the terminology of English law) on the doctrine of error (mistake in the terminology of English law) in the legal jurisdictions of Scotland and South Africa is considered. Also the legal consequences of a significant error are analysed. Despite the lack of clear established legal consequences of the significant error in the legal jurisdictions in question, Scottish law stands for voidness, while South African law tends toward voidability.
Contract with open terms in Scotland: A comparative legal perspective
Authors:   Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba, Khuzziatov Arthur A.
Published: August 2023

The article focuses on contracts with open terms, that is, contracts in which the parties deliberately leave one or more terms open for future negotiations or unilateral supplementation by one of the parties (or a third party). In our paper, we refer to contracts with open terms in which an open term is subject to negotiations. Such contracts are not recognised by most jurisdictions (including as being too vague), but the Scottish legal system is sometimes argued to be an exception. In attempting to confirm this claim, it is found that the device called “a contract with open terms” is unknown to Scottish law, so a special comparative legal method is proposed to find an analogue on the Scottish “legal map”. This approach reveals that contracts with open terms in Scotland are concealed under several different names (most notably “agreement to agree”). It shows that although there is no uniform and consistent approach to such contracts, there are three tests which the courts use to answer the central question about such contracts, namely whether a contract with open terms is enforceable: the test for the essentiality of an open term, the test for whether an open term can be objectively implemented and the test for whether the parties have an intention to create legal relations. This analysis is accompanied by a comparative commentary describing how similar issues are dealt with in the UNIDROIT Principles and in another (besides Scotland) jurisdiction to which recognition of contracts with open terms is attributed, namely Russia. On the basis of the research carried out, a preferred order of application of the tests is proposed. The study of the topic is also preceded by a reference to the history and general characteristics of the Scottish legal system. In the course of this topic, we show that Scotland cannot be defined precisely enough through its generic characteristics as a mixed jurisdiction. In turning to the study of Scotland as an individual jurisdiction, it is noted that this system over time has begun to exhibit fewer and fewer of the attributes of a continental European family country.
Reflexão sobre a Universidade Portuguesa no reinado de D. Afonso IV
Authors: Batista Viviane da Silva , Oliveira Terezinha , Oliveira Beatriz de Souza
Published: August 2023

Com base em um conjunto de Cartas Régias da “Chartularium Universitatis Portugalensis” (1996), este artigo objetivou refletir sobre a Universidade Portuguesa no reinado de D. Afonso IV (1291, 1325-1357) e suas ações governativas em prol do investimento na proteção, manutenção e desenvolvimento do Estudo Geral, fundado por D. Dinis em torno de 1290, em Lisboa. Inserida no campo da História da Educação, a pesquisa bibliográfica e documental se sustentou nos princípios teóricos da História Social e no conceito de longa duração, particularmente nas formulações de Bloch (2001). A análise, articulada ao contexto político da época, evidenciou que a instituição universitária possibilitou um reinado mais centralizado, sobretudo, em virtude do corpus legislativo monárquico voltado à organização social. O Estudo Geral subsidiou o fortalecimento da autoridade régia, mas foi o governo de D. Afonso IV que conferiu à mentalidade portuguesa dos séculos XIII-XIV novas perspectivas sobre a sociedade e as lideranças postas.
Investigating the Properties of Drainage Concrete Pavement through the Pore Creation Method: A Study
Authors: Oonta-on Kwanchanok , Utainarumol Supornchai , Maho Buchit , Jamnam Sittsak , Chaikaew Chalermpol , Sua-iam Gritsada
Published: August 2023

Background:

Over the past decade, the pervious concrete pavement has become a popular innovation due to its highly porous spaces that allow for easy air and water flow from the surface to the underlying layers. However, the increased void content could potentially make the concrete weaker and less durable, which creates a need for alternative methods to maintain its strength while improving its drainage capabilities.

Objective:

This study aims to analyze the characteristics of drainage concrete pavement using a novel method for creating pore structures.

Methods:

To address the challenges of conventional concrete pavement, various pore patterns and diameters were examined, including a 2x2, 3x3, and 4x4 row arrangement with pore diameters of 2, 3, and 4 mm. The concrete mixture was formulated to comply with the standards established by the Department of Highways in Thailand. The study analyzed both the fresh concrete properties, such as slump test and setting time, and the hardened properties, such as compressive strength, flexural strength, and water absorption. The draining capability was evaluated through water permeability performance and the clogging effect was measured by very fine sand particles.

Results:

The test results showed that the slump value of concrete complied with the design specifications, and the initial setting time was recorded to be 230 minutes. The compressive strength and flexural strength tended to decrease while water absorption tended to increase as the pore pattern arrangement and pore diameter increased. However, the compressive strength of all mixtures exceeded 85% when compared to the control. Additionally, the water permeability coefficient ranged between 2.69-18.52 mm/s, and the permeability coefficient tended to decrease when the clogging effect occurred in the range of 18.18-37.27%.

Conclusion:

The findings of this study contributed to our understanding of the properties and behavior of concrete with pore creation. By refining our knowledge of the intricate correlation between porosity and compressive strength, it has become evident that reducing porosity is necessary to enhance the mechanical properties of concrete and ensure its long-term durability. Furthermore, sustainable infrastructure applications can improve the relationship between permeability and effective porosity through construction techniques.
Impacto da mudança em Geometria de Vias urbanas e em Tempos Semafóricos em uma Simulação de Emissão de Poluentes
Authors: Ribeiro R. S. , Pinto P. C.
Published: August 2023

A manutenção da mobilidade urbana é uma importante maneira de garantir o desenvolvimento dos centros urbanos, já que estes estão em constante mudança. A particularidade de cada caso, torna o planejamento complexo, em virtude dos impactos que as mudanças propostas podem ocasionar. Desta forma, estudos a respeito desse tema e dos diversos parâmetros que o envolvem se mostram fundamentais, com a intenção de quantificar esses impactos e tomar as decisões menos invasivas para a sociedade. Dentre esses parâmetros, se destaca a densidade, a qual está intimamente ligada à emissão de poluentes e velocidade de tráfego. Nesse sentido a Avenida Brasil na cidade de Passo Fundo, Brasil, se ressalta como principal via de acesso centro-bairro e para saída do município; apresentando exaustão na sua capacidade de tráfego, ocasionando congestionamentos, bloqueamento das interseções e uma maior emissão de poluentes; tudo isso devido ao sistema subdimensionado para o volume de tráfego atual. Neste contexto, o objetivo dessa pesquisa é analisar os impactos que mudanças na geometria e na programação dos semáforos da Avenida Brasil causarão nos indicativos de mobilidade urbana, e consequentemente, na eficiência da via, a partir do microssimulador de tráfego Aimsun® , observando os dados de densidade e emissão de poluentes.
Análise de Indicadores da Gestão de Produção em obras corporativas e comerciais
Authors: Ribeiro S. E. C. , Oliveira D. M. , Ribeiro C. C. , Mergh L. S.
Published: August 2023

O papel do sistema de Planejamento e Controle da Produção (PCP) é fornecer informações e modelos para gestão eficiente dos recursos, focando nas estratégias para melhoria da produtividade e gerando valor através das prioridades competitivas como custo, qualidade, flexibilidade, sequência executiva e segurança. Uma das ferramentas mais importantes do PCP é o Last Planner System (LPS) comumente utilizado nas indústrias manufatureiras para verificar o desempenho (indicadores de desempenho), a fim de manter o controle continuo do planejamento e da produção do empreendimento. O Sistema utiliza-se de indicadores de planejamento, tais como, o Desvio de Ritmo (DR), que identifica possíveis atrasos das atividades com relação ao planejado e de indicadores de desempenho para controlar resultados e os indicadores de desempenho mais utilizados são o Desvio de Custo (DC) e o Desvio de Prazo (DP). O presente estudo analisa as correlações entre os indicadores de planejamento, DR e os indicadores de desempenho, DP e DC, em oito obras, sendo duas de empreendimentos para uso corporativo em seu ciclo completo de 22 e 21 meses e seis de obras de pavimentação e terraplenagem nos primeiros 12 meses da execução. Foram realizadas análises estatísticas de correlação, regressão linear simples e múltipla, a fim de se obter a comprovação estatística da relação entre as variáveis e equações práticas entre os indicadores. Constatou-se que há correlação entre as variáveis envolvidas e verificou-se a influência que cada indicador exerce no comportamento do outro, podendo comprovar que o prazo é muito influenciado pelo ritmo. Nos testes de regressão os resultados mais significativos foram encontrados nas equações onde se manifestavam todas as variáveis. Conclui-se que os valores obtidos nos testes de regressão sugerem que outras variáveis, além do DR, não consideradas nesta análise, devem influenciar os valores dos indicadores de desempenhos DC e DP.
Peacekeeping and crisis management: a brief assessment of EU-UN cooperation
Authors: Reynaud de Sousa Bruno
Published: August 2023

The present short paper aims to add to the debate on the future of peacekeeping and crisis management in the current context of international relations. Starting from the premise that cooperation between the European Union and the United Nations (UN) for peace and security is a significant source of synergies between both organisations, the paper highlights the way in which the Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) and the Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP) were built, summarising the applicable legal regime, especially following the entry into force of the Lisbon Treaty. By providing a review of the legal background to EU crisis management and assessing the EU’s added value for UN-led efforts, the paper concludes that the Lisbon Treaty provisions provide the EU with the instruments necessary to assume a significant role in peacekeeping and crisis management. Although the EU’s natural partner in the field of peacekeeping and crisis management is the UN, there is growing uncertainty regarding the strength of the ties between both organisations as multilateralism traverses a crisis seemingly unlike others in the past.
Rancang Bangun Mesin Es Krim dengan Kontrol Suhu
Authors: Ghozali Ahmad Musyafa' , Sunyoto Sunyoto
Published: August 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah merancang dan membuat mesin es krim yang efektif, efisien, dan ergonomis dengan kontrol suhu. Berdasarkan survey yang dilakukan mesin yang lama atau mesin yang sudah ada memiliki beberapa kekurangan sehingga kurang efektif, efisien, dan ergonomis. Metode yang digunakan adalah model RD 4D yang dimodifikasi yaitu Define, Design, Development, dan Dissemination. Instrumen yang dipakai adalah validasi desain dan lembar observasi kinerja mesin. Data berasal dari responden, Dosen Ahli perancangan, dan pihak UMKM. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan analisis statistik deskriptif. Keefektifan mesin baru lebih baik karena mampu mengukur suhu adonan dan mensetting mesin mati pada suhu yang ditentukan. Efisiensi waktu 10% waktu pembuatan hanya 18 menit, mesin sebelumnya 20 menit. Efisiensi kapasitas 22,23%, Efisiensi biaya 10% dan lebih hemat biaya listrik Rp 17,337. Keergonomisan mesin baru dalam angket sangat layak dan lebih ergonomis dari sebelumnya.The purpose of this study is to design and build an ice cream machine equipped with temperature control. According to a survey, the current market products have many flaws making them less effective, efficient, and ergonomic. The study's method was a modified RD 4D, comprising Define, Design, Development, and Dissemination processes. The instruments used are design validation and performance observation sheets. The data were collected from respondents, experts of engineering design, and Small and Medium Business partners. The data obtained is analyzed using a descriptive-statistic analysis. The ice cream machine is more effective than its predecessor because it measures dough temperature and sets the machine's power off at a specific temperature. It only takes 18 minutes to make the ice cream, compared to its predecessor of 20 minutes, thus gives a time efficiency of 10%. The capacity efficiency is 22,23% and more cost-effective in terms of electricity at Rp 17,337. The machine is also considered more ergonomic than the previous one.
STRATEGI PENDEKATAN INTERDISCIPLINARY MATA PELAJARANPRODUK KREATIF DAN KEWIRAUSAHAAN PADA SMK
Authors: Romadin Achmad , Yoto Yoto
Published: August 2023

Interdisipliner merupakan suatu pendekatan yang menggabungkan dari satu disiplin ilmu maupun lebih. Penerapan mata pelajaran Produk Kreatif dan Kewirausahaan (PKK) tentunya tidak hanya satu pendekatan disiplin ilmu, melainkan harus beberapa pendekatan ilmu. Salah satunya adalah pendekatan interdisipliner. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, dengan metode pengambilan data wawancara secara langsung, dokumen pendukung, serta observasi secara langsung. Hasil penelitian akan dibahas lebih lanjut dengan literatur yang relevan. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan strategi pendekatan satu disiplin ilmu dapat diterapkan di SMK pada mata pelajaran Produk Kreatif dan Kewirausahaan dengan pembuatan jobsheet handle door dan potato spirals, sedangkan strategi pendekatan Interdisipliner dapat diterapkan pada jobsheet alat pengupas kulit telur puyuh otomatis. Pendekatan Interdisipliner pada SMK Teknik Pemesinan dapat diterapkan dengan cara  mengkombinasikan disiplin ilmu (ilmu pada bidang teknik pemesinan, teknik pengelasan, teknik elektronika, dan kewirausahaan) untuk pembuataan jobsheet/produk.
KEFEKTIFAN PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS PRODUK UNTUK MENUMBUHKAN JIWA KEWIRAUSAHAAN MAHASISWA
Authors: Kurniawan Elfahmi Dwi , Nopriyanti Nopriyanti , Darlius Darlius
Published: August 2023

Metode pembelajaran berbasis produk ini menerapkan penelitian quasi eksperimen dengan desain one group pretest-posttest design. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada semester genap tahun 2020. Populasi penelitian adalah mahasiswa yang mengambil mata kuliah Praktik Kerja Plat semester genap tahun akademik 2020/2021. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengukur kefektifan pembelajaran berbasis produk untuk meningkatkan jiwa kewirausahaan mahasiswa dengan menghasilkan produk lampu hias dari plat seng. Untuk mengukur tingkat efektivitas metode pembelajaran, digunakan uji normalitas gain. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa pembelajaran berbasis produk mampu meningkatkan skor jiwa kewirausahaan mahasiswa. Ada peningkatkan jiwa kewirausahaan mahasiswa sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan yaitu sebesar 10,24 point. Kategori pencapaian semula pada tingkat pencapaian pretest CUKUP BAIK menjadi BAIK pada posttest sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa pembelajaran berbasis produk efektif dalam meningkatkan jiwa kewirausahaan mahasiswa.
PENGARUH TEMPERATUR PELAPISAN DAN KEKASARAN PERMUKAAN TERHADAP LAJU KOROSI LAPISAN ELECTROLESS NI-P BAJA KARBON RENDAH ASTM A36
Authors: Saefuloh Iman , Setiawan Ipick , Sunardi Sunardi , Jannah Miftahul , Lusiani Rina
Published: August 2023

Pemakaian bahan baja karbon rendah ASTM A36 sebagai bahan dasar bangunan konstruksi pipa dan tanki yang dimodifikasi menggunakan proses pelapisan Electroless Ni-P. Proses ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan sifat-sifat yang harus dimiliki oleh plat baja ASTM A36 dari ketahanan korosinya. Dengan variasi temperatur pelapisan dan kekasaran permukaan serta penambahan proses perlakuan panas, karakteristik lapisan electroless Ni-P berupa nilai laju korosi, kekerasan, struktur mikro dan persentase kandungan nikel dianalisis. Dengan variasi kekaasaran permukaan 0,28 𝜇𝑚, 0,15 𝜇𝑚 dan 0,07 𝜇𝑚 serta variasi temperatur pelapisan 60º C, 70º C dan 80º C dan dengan penambahan perlakuan panas 500º C selama 120 menit. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa semakin kasar permukaan dan semakin tinggi temperatur pelapisan menyebabkan lapisan tersebut memiliki nilai ketahanan korosi yang lebih baik. Proses perlakuan panas 500º C selama 120 menit meningkatkan nilai ketahanan korosi secara signifikan tetapi tidak dapat meningkatkan uji kekerasan rockwell secara signifikan tetap berada di kisaran 70-80 HRB.
PENILAIAN HASIL BELAJAR PRAKTIK PEMESINAN BUBUT DI SMK N 1 GOMBONG DI MASA COVID-19
Authors: Hidayat Alif , Kartowagiran Badrun
Published: August 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran pelaksanaan pembelajaran dan penilaian pada mata pelajaran pemesinan bubut selama masa pandemi Covid-19. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian survei. Data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini berasal dari dua guru mata pelajaran pemesinan bubut dan siswa kelas XI Teknik Pemesinan sejumlah 85 siswa. Teknik pengambilan data yang digunakan adalah observasi, angket, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Berdasarkan hasil analisis dan pembahasan data penelitian diperoleh bahwa proses pembelajaran di SMK N 1 Gombong berjalan dengan baik dan didukung dengan fasilitas praktik yang baik. Berdasarkan pendapat siswa dihasilkan bahwa pihak sekolah sudah sangat baik dengan melaksanakan praktik secara langsung, tetapi waktu yang singkat pada saat praktik menjadi kurang efektif untuk kompetensi membubut yang siswa peroleh. Pelaksanaan penilaian yang dilakukan oleh guru dibagi menjadi tiga tahap, yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan dan pengolahan nilai. Berdasarkan data, analisis, dan pembahasan, ketiga tahapan penilaian sudah masuk kategori sangat baik.
PEMELIHARAAN SARANA DAN PRASARANA BENGKEL PEMESINAN DI SMK NEGERI 1 GOMBONG
Authors: Kurniawan Rizki , Sukardi Thomas
Published: August 2023

Tujuan penilitan ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan kegiatan pemeliharaan sarana dan prasarana bengkel pemesinan di SMK N 1 Gombong. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif. Objek penelitian adalah pemeliharaan sarana dan prasarana, sedangkan subjek penelitian adalah kepala program keahlian Teknik Pemesinan, divisi Maintenance Repair (MR), siswa kelas XI Teknik Pemesinan, dan bengkel Teknik Pemesinan. Dari hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa kegiatan pemeliharaan sarana dan prasarana bengkel pemesinan meliputi tahap penyadaran, pemahaman, pengorganisasian, pelaksanaan, dan pendataan. Dari kelima tahapan tersebut, tahap pelaksanaan dan pendataan belum berjalan optimal. Kendala dalam pemeliharaan meliputi jadwal pemakaian sarana berupa mesin yang penuh, kurangnya peralatan servis, dan sulitnya mencari suku cadang mesin. Implementasi pemeliharaan sarana dan prasarana bengkel pemesinan dalam kategori sangat baik dengan hasil angket menurut siswa menyatakan 83,87% sangat baik dan 16,13% baik, sedangkan hasil observasi diperoleh persentase sebesar 85,55%.
Pengaruh Variasi Temperatur Preheat Pada Pengelasan Smaw Terhadap Struktur Mikro Dan Kekerasan Baja Karbon SS400
Authors: Ramadhani Savitri , Basyirun Basyirun , Rusiyanto Rusiyanto , Sunyoto Sunyoto
Published: August 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pengelasan SMAW tanpa preheat dan dengan variasi temperatur preheat sebesar 80°C, 110°C, 140°C, dan 170°C terhadap struktur mikro dan nilai kekerasan baja SS400. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode eksperimental design. Variasi dalam penelitian ini adalah variasi temperatur preheat sebesar 80°C, 110°C, 140°C, dan 170°C. Parameter lain seperti jenis kawat las, arus pengelasan, dan jarak waktu dari preheat ke pengelasan dibuat seragam disetiap variasi temperatur. Variasi temperatur preheat memiliki pengaruh yang berbeda terhadap struktur mikro dan nilai kekerasan Vickers baja SS400. Berdasarkan penelitian yang telah dilaksanakan dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh variasi temperatur preheat pada proses pengelasan SMAW terhadap struktur mikro dan nilai kekerasan Vickers yang dihasilkan. Spesimen pada variasi temperatur 140°C hingga 170°C tidak terdapat struktur martensite. Sedangkan spesimen raw material, 80°C, 110°C terdapat martensite di antara ferrite dan pearlite. Semakin tinggi temperatur preheat, semakin sedikit jumlah martensite. Hasil nilai kekerasan sejalan dengan struktur mikro yang terbentuk, terdapat pengaruh pengelasan non preheat dan variasi temperatur preheat pada proses pengelasan SMAW baja SS400 terhadap nilai kekerasan Vickers. Pengaruh variasi temperatur preheat terhadap nilai kekerasan baja SS400 adalah terjadi penurunan terhadap kekerasan secara signifikan di semua daerah pengelasan. Sedangkan spesimen preheat terendah memiliki kekerasan tertinggi di daerah weld metal dan spesimen preheat tertinggi memiliki kekerasan terendah sebesar di daerah base metal. Rata-rata nilai kekerasan tertinggi di daerah weld metal dan terendah di daerah base metal.
Kesesuaian Fasilitas Praktik Jurusan Teknik Kendaraan Ringan Dengan Kompetensi Di Industri Wilayah Yogyakarta
Authors: Kurniawan Arief , Purnawan Purnawan , Setyawan Andri
Published: August 2023

Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui (1) tingkat kesesuaian kompetensi di SMK jurusan TKR terhadap kompetensi Industri, (2) tingkat kecukupan fasilitas praktik jurusan TKR SMK untuk memenuhi kompetensi industri, (3) tingkat kesesuaian fasilitas praktik jurusan TKR SMK dengan kompetensi industri. Jenis penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif metode survei, subjek penelitian SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Moyudan, Industri Otomotif  DIY. Pengambilan sampel dengan purposive sampling, yaitu kepala jurusan TKR SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Moyudan dan 6 kepala bengkel Industri: Toyota, Suzuki, Isuzu, VW, Nissan, Carfix. Pengumpulan data menggunakan angket dengan skala likert 1-5. Menggunakan Teknik analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian (1) tingkat kesesuaian kompetensi di SMK terhadap kompetensi Industri bidang engine “sangat sesuai”, kelistrikan otomotif “sangat sesuai”, chasis “sangat sesuai”, (2) tingkat kecukupan fasilitas praktik “Tidak Memenuhi”, luas area kompetensi engine “Cukup Memenuhi”, area kompetensi kelistrikan otomotif dan chasis “Tidak Memenuhi”, (3) tingkat kesesuaian fasilitas praktik engine 94,83% “sangat sesuai”, kelistrikan otomotif 91,13% “sangat sesuai”, chasis 96,92% “sangat sesuai”.