bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment, Validation and Application to Real Samples of a RP-HPLC Method for the Determination of Guayulins A, B, C and D in Guayule Shrub
Authors: Spano Nadia , Meloni Paola , Idda Ilenia , Mariani Alberto , Pilo Maria Itria , Nurchi Valeria Marina , Lachowicz Joanna Izabela , Rivera Ernesto , Orona-Espino Ancelmo , Sanna Gavino
Published: March 2018

Guayule (Parthenium argentatum Gray) is a shrub native of the arid regions of Mexico. In the last decades, significant attention for its cultivation has risen because it is the raw material for the production of hypoallergenic natural rubber. Guayule biomass contains also high amounts of resin, which is not normally exploited in any way. Among other sesquiterpenic esters, guayulins (i.e. the parteniol esters of cinnamic acid, guayulin A, or of anisic acid, guayulin B) are contained in resin. In addition, minor amounts of guayulin C and guayulin D are formed by degradation/oxidation of guayulins A and B, respectively. Guayulins likely act as cinnamate and p-anisate reservoirs for Guayule shrub, in addition, it has been postulated that they might have a key role in the chemical defense system of Guayule. Furthermore, it seems reasonable that guayulins can possess significant biological properties (e.g, antibacterial and anticancer activities), in close analogy with those shown by sesquiterpene lactones in many other species of Parthenum genus. As a matter of fact, guayulins A and B play an important role in the synthesis of antineoplastics used in breast cancer treatment. In this contribution we propose an original and validated RP-HPLC approach to the simultaneously quantification of guayulins A, B, C and D. The procedure of resin extraction from Guayule biomass has been optimized in terms of both nature of extraction method and solvent of extraction. RP-HPLC separation has been accomplished on an Ascentis® C18 column under isocratic elution with a 80:20 (v:v) acetonitrile:water mixture. Validation was carried out in terms of both the limit of detection, limit of quantification, linearity, precision, and trueness. Finally, the method was tested with a number of fresh and seasoned samples of spontaneous Guayule shrub from Mexico.
The Impact of Social Isolation on Subjective Health: An Instrumental Variable Approach
Authors: Sironi Emiliano , Wolff Amelie Nadine
Published: March 2018

We investigate the relationship between social isolation and subjective health, considering that this relationship is potentially affected by endogeneity due to the presence of self-reported measures. Thus, if an increase in social isolation may impact the perception on health, alternative paths of causality may also be hypothesized. Using data from round 7 of the European Social Survey, we estimate an instrumental variable model in which isolation is explained as being a member of an ethnic minority and having experienced some serious family conflicts in the past. Our results confirm that changes in social isolation influence subjective general health. In particular, greater isolation produces a strong and significant deterioration of the perceived health status. With respect to the literature on social isolation and health, we try to advance it by supporting a path of causality running from social isolation to subjective health.
Sense of Safety and Planning and Design Policies
Authors: Ratnayake Rangajeewa , Wickramaarachchi Naduni , Rudner Julie
Published: March 2018

Planning, development and design policies influence sense of safety of people touse the City centre or Central Business District (CBD) and therefore city centres can becomeactive and vibrant during the day and night. This paper reviews past and present planningpolicies relevant for feeling of personal safety in the context of housing, retail, amenities,street infrastructure, building design and transportation aspects. The past development trendsshow that insignificant attention has been paid to people's sense of safety when using publicspaces, particularly at night, a factor identified important in creating attractive city centressince 1960s. Local plans primarily refer to safety in relation to roads, accessibility andworkability. Local policies also show the dominance of CCTV since the 1990s has becomeubiquitous, but changes to sense of safety in urban spaces now may actually be a betterreflection of planning and design decisions made over the past 20 years.
Vibration Assisted Handling of Dry Fine Powders
Authors: Dunst Paul , Bornmann Peter , Hemsel Tobias , Sextro Walter
Published: March 2018

Since fine powders tend strongly to adhesion and agglomeration, their processing with conventional methods is difficult or impossible. Typically, in order to enable the handling of fine powders, chemicals are added to increase the flowability and reduce adhesion. This contribution shows that instead of additives also vibrations can be used to increase the flowability, to reduce adhesion and cohesion, and thus to enable or improve processes such as precision dosing, mixing, and transport of very fine powders. The methods for manipulating powder properties are described in detail and prototypes for experimental studies are presented. It is shown that the handling of fine powders can be improved by using low-frequency, high-frequency or a combination of low- and high-frequency vibration.
An Agent-Based Modeling Framework for Simulating Human Exposure to Environmental Stresses in Urban Areas
Authors: Yang Liang Emlyn , Hoffmann Peter , Scheffran Jürgen , Rühe Sven , Fischereit Jana , Gasser Ingenuin
Published: March 2018

The importance of predicting the exposure to environmental hazards is highlighted by issues like global climate change, public health problems caused by environment stresses, and property damages and depreciations. Several approaches have been used to assess potential exposure and achieve optimal results under various conditions, for example, for different scales, groups of people, or certain points in time. Micro-simulation tools are becoming increasingly important in human exposure assessment, where each person is simulated individually and continuously. This paper describes an agent-based model (ABM) framework that can dynamically simulate human exposure levels, along with their daily activities, in urban areas that are characterized by environmental stresses such as air pollution and heat stress. Within the framework, decision making processes can be included for each individual based on rule-based behavior to achieve goals under changing environmental conditions. The ideas described in this paper are implemented in a free and open source NetLogo platform. A simplified modeling scenario of the ABM framework in Hamburg, Germany, further demonstrates its utility in various urban environments and individual activity patterns, and portability to other models, programs and frameworks. The prototype model can potentially be extended to support environmental incidence management by exploring the daily routines of different groups of citizens and compare the effectiveness of different strategies. Further research is needed to fully develop an operational version of the model.
Factors Associated to Anti-HPV Vaccine Refusal among Young Adult Women after Ten Year of Vaccine Implementation
Authors: Restivo Vincenzo , Costantino Claudio , Fazio Tiziana Francesca , Casuccio Nicolò , D'Angelo Claudio , Vitale Francesco , Casuccio Alessandra
Published: March 2018

In Italy HPV vaccination was implemented for girls since 2007 but its coverage was lower than recommended level. Sicily is one of the Italian administrative regions with lower vaccination coverage, ranging in the birth cohorts 1996–1999 from 59% to 62%. Aim of the study was to investigate factors associated with refusal of anti-HPV vaccination among young adult women of Palermo, Italy. A cross-sectional study was conducted through the administration of a telephone questionnaire, consisting of 23 items on HPV infection and vaccination knowledge based on Health Belief Model framework. The eligible population were young women with at least a previous vaccination among all included in Sicilian Vaccination schedule, without starting or completing anti-HPV vaccination schedule. Overall, 141 young women were enrolled, of them 84.4% were unvaccinated and 15.6% had at least one dose of HPV vaccine. In multivariate analysis, factors associated with the failure to perform the HPV vaccination were degree as school level (OR = 10.2, p = 0.041), lower participation at school seminar on HPV (OR = 0.2, p = 0.047) and lower perception of anti-HPV vaccine benefits (OR = 0.4, p = 0.048). Public health educational program focusing and tailored on benefits perception of anti-HPV vaccine and HPV disease severity, especially if carried out at school, can improve HPV vaccination uptake.
Do Performance Assessment has Contribution to Achieve Students’ Commnunication Skills?
Authors: Isnaeni Aisah , Wulan A Ratna , Solihat R
Published: March 2018

Communication skill was an important component of education. This study aims to analyzed students' communication skills and response by using performance assessment on water cycle concept. The method that used in this study is descriptive. Subject consists of first-grade students’ in senior high school (n:32). The instruments that used in this study are the task, observation sheets, questionnaire, self and peer assessment. Those instruments analyzed four indicators of communication such as; (1) articulate thoughts and ideas effectively,(2) listen effectively, (3) use communication for a range of purposes and (4) Communicate Effectively in diverse environments. Sccorring of instruments has two categories,  score from 1-4 for task and sheets of observation, score from 0 and 1 for self and peer assessment and questionnaire using descriptive analyzed. Then, indicators of communication skills categorized into three groups: high, medium and low. The data showed that all of the indicators in medium categorized 81.3% in the first indicator, 53.1% in the second indicator, 46.9% in the third indicator, and 68.8% in the fourth indicator. Therefore students’ have communication skill in medium category and most of the students’ has positive respond in performance assessment because its’ can help students’ to fix their performance in the instructional process.
The Comparison of Think Talk Write and Think Pair Share Model with Realistic Mathematics Education Approach Viewed from Mathematical-Logical Intelligence
Authors: Afthina Himmatul , Mardiyana Mardiyana , Pramudya Ikrar
Published: March 2018

The aims of this research to determine the effect of Think Talk Write (TTW) and Think Pair Share (TPS) model with Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) approach viewed from mathematical-logical intelligence. This research employed the quasi experimental research. The population of research was all students of the eight graders of junior high school in Karangamyar Regency in academic year 2016/2017. The result of this research shows that (1) TTW with RME approach gave better mathematics achievement than TPS with RME approach, (2) Students with high mathematical-logical intelligence can reach a better mathematics achievement than those with average and low, whereas students with average mathematical-logical intelligence can reach a better achievement than those with low one, (3) In TTW model with RME approach, students with high mathematical-logical intelligence can reach a better mathematics achievement than those with average and low, whereas students with average and low mathematical-logical intelligence gave same mathematics achievement, and  in TPS model with RME approach students with high mathematical-logical intelligence can reach a better mathematics achievement than those with average and low, whereas students with average mathematical-logical intelligence can reach a better achievement than those with low one (4) In each category of  mathematical-logical intelligence, TTW with RME approach and TPS with RME approach gave same mathematics achievement.
Android Used in The Learning Innovation Atwood Machines on Lagrange Mechanics Methods
Authors: Shabrina Shabrina , Warsono Warsono , Kuswanto Heru
Published: March 2018

Android is one of the smartphone operating system platforms that is now widely developed in learning media. Android allows the learning process to be more flexible and not oriented to be teacher center, but it allows to be student center. The Atwood machines is an experimental tool that is often used to observe mechanical laws in constantly accelerated motion which can also be described by the Lagrange mechanics methods. As an innovative and alternative learning activity, Atwood Android-based learning apps are running for two experimental variations, which are variations in load in cart and load masses that are hung. The experiment of load-carrier mass variation found that the larger load mass in the cart, the smaller the acceleration experienced by the system. Meanwhile, the experiment on the variation of the loaded mass found that the larger the loaded mass, the greater the acceleration experienced by the system.
Affective Aspect of Junior High School Students Viewed from Self Efficacy
Authors: Putri U H , Mardiyana Mardiyana , Saputro D R S
Published: March 2018

The relevance of this research is the growth of character values for students in Indonesia. Mathematics is a subject that builds character value for students. This can be seen from how students view mathematics from their perspective. Students' perspective can be seen as a student's assessment of the mathematics such as from the attitudes, interests, self-concepts, values, and morals shown in the learning process of mathematics with the students' willingness to act positively or negatively. In mathematics learning, this is called the affective aspect (AA). One of the factors influencing students’ AA is self-efficacy (SE). SE is a belief that is someone has to complete a given task or problem. There are three categories of SE that owned by students, that is high, medium, and low. The purpose of this study is to determine which ones provide better mathematics AA than students. The research subjects are 294 students in Karanganyar Regency. Data is obtained by questionnaire. Based on the results of data analysis, the conclusion is students with high SE have better mathematics AA than students with moderate and low SE, while students with moderate SE have better mathematics AA than students with low SE.
Next-Generation, Super-Hard-to-Process Substrates and Their High-Efficiency Machining Process Technologies Used to Create Innovative Devices
Authors: Doi Toshiro ,   Global Innovation Center, Kyushu University 6-1 Kasuga-koen, Kasuga-city, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan
Published: March 2018

SiC, GaN, and diamond are known as super-hard-to-process substrate for next-generation green devices. In this paper, we report on some breakthrough in developing highly efficient processing for such hard-to-process materials, for which we propose improvements in conventional processing, and innovative processing. As part of our project, we developed a “dilatancy pad®” that can efficiently produce high-quality surfaces as well as a high-rigidity, high-speed and high-pressure processing machine. We also designed and prototyped “plasma fusion CMP®,” which is an innovative processing technology fusing CMP (Chemical Mechanical Polishing) with P-CVM (Plasma Chemical Vaporization Machining) to machine super-hard diamond substrates that are considered indispensable for future devices. Before the advent of “singularities” by 2045, super-hard-to-process substrates and ultra-precision polishing technology will become more and more essential.
Potential and Challenges of Diamond Wafer Toward Power Electronics
Authors: Shikata Shinichi ,   Kwansei Gakuin University 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo 663-1337, Japan
Published: March 2018

To achieve a 50% worldwide reduction of CO2by the middle of this century, development of energy saving power device technology using wide bandgap materials is urgently needed. Diamond is receiving increasing attention as a next generation material for wide bandgap semiconductors owing to its extreme characteristics. Research studies investigating large wafers, low resistivity, and low dislocation have accelerated. This study targets the use of wafers for power electronics applications, and the required machining technologies for diamond, including wafer shaping, slicing, and surface finishing, are introduced.
Study of Femtosecond Laser Ablation Effect on Micro-Processing for 4H-SiC Substrate
Authors: Wang Chengwu , Kurokawa Syuhei , Yuan Julong , Fan Li , Lu Huizong , Wu Zhe , Yao Weifeng , Zhang Kehua , Zhang Yu , Doi Toshiro ,   College of Engineering, Zhejiang Normal University Jinhua 321004, China,   Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan,   Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China,   School of Mechanical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Xuancheng, China,   Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China,   Global Innovation Center, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
Published: March 2018

4H-SiC substrate was ablated by linearly polarized femtosecond (fs) laser in three direct write methods at different parameters, such as repetition rate, scanning velocity and fluence, etc. Two processing modes, transverse scanning mode (TSM) and cross irradiation mode (CIM), were introduced. The surface morphologies were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for detailed investigation. It was found that the surface morphologies differed remarkably at different processing parameters. Firstly, the shapes of micro craters fabricated at different repetition rates and ablation time duration were respectively investigated. The shape of fs laser spot was demonstrated to play an important role for the generation of micro craters. Secondly, the effect of scanning velocity on the formation of nanoripples and micro grooves were investigated. It was found that the spatial ripples could be refabricated during repeated fs laser ablation; periodic ripples and micro grooves depended on fs laser scanning velocity. Agglomerative substance was fabricated especially at slow scanning velocity. Furthermore, rippled surfaces induced at different fluence were achieved and exhibited. Regular and uniform surfaces with periodic ripples were fabricated at the fluence of 0.31∼0.38 J/cm2. Finally, CMP was carried out to study the effect of fs laser ablation on polishing.
Influence of Heat in Multi-Tasking Machine Bed and its Analytical Technique
Authors: Nakanishi Kenichi , Sawada Manabu , Sakamoto Jiro ,   Kanazawa University Kakuma, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan,   Nakamura-tome Precision Industry Co., Ltd., Hakusan, Japan
Published: March 2018

When designing a large-sized cast product for a multi-spindled machine tool, such as a multi-turret type multi-tasking machine, we must first determine its thermal deformations by the finite element method (FEM) in order to ensure that the structure is designed with high thermal rigidity. Casting technology has progressed so much that we can now form more complicated internal structures and produce much thinner and lighter cast products. Moreover, since designing cast products has become much faster, higher-efficiency analytical techniques are also required. Such analytical techniques are operated by designers where analyses and design are executed interchangeably. In this study, we compared the experimental results to the analytical results in order to evaluate the employed analytical technique based on an actual analysis of a multi-tasking machine bed with a few different rib structures.
Farmer’s Individual Potential in Different Farm Sizes of Local Beef Cattle Farming in Kebumen Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Sugiarto Mochamad , Nur Syarifuddin , Jatmiko Oentoeng Edy , Wahyu Marti Ike
Published: March 2018

This study aims (1) identify the farmer’s individual potential in different farm sizes and (2) analyze the relationship of basic potential, availability of man power potential, provision of production input potential, and technological mastery potential with the increasing farm size of PO Kebumen cattle. 100 respondents (breeding farmers) from 6 sub-districts known as PO Kebumen beef cattle development centers are selected using a multistage sampling method. The results of Kruskal Wallis Test explain that farmer’s individual potential of PO Kebumen beef cattle farming showed significant difference at different farm size (P<0.01). Based on the Spearman rank correlation test, the availability of technological potential and the provision of production input potential are considered as the important elements regarding to the increasing farm size of PO Kebumen beef cattle (P <0.01). The mastery of technology and the provision of production inputs are the driving factors for increasing the farm size of PO Kebumen cattle.
Strategi Pengembangan Agribisnis Jagung di Indonesia
Authors: Aldillah Rizma
Published: March 2018

Maize is one of important commodities after rice. As a secondary crop in Indonesia, maize has multifunctional uses either as food or feed. Maize agribusiness has some benefits as it is highly demanded for feed raw material and easily cultivated. Besides external factor, i.e. inter-regional trade and export opportunities among regions and countries such as maize trade opportunity among regions and countries. Some weaknesses of maize agribusiness are limited farmers’ land areas, minimal infrastructure, technology, competing water use with other major crops, and potential threat of climate change. This study uses SWOT (Strength-Weakness-Opportunities-Threats) and QSPM (Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix) approaches. Analysis results show that maize agribusiness development should be competitive, farmers-based, sustainable and decentralized. The government needs to improve people’s participation in maize agribusiness.  Main measures to take maize agribusiness development are effectiveness and quality of government service, and distribution facilities and infrastructure improvement.

 

Abstrak

Jagung merupakan komoditas strategis utama terpenting setelah padi dan salah satu komoditas tanaman palawija utama di Indonesia yang kegunaannya relatif luas, terutama untuk konsumsi manusia dan kebutuhan bahan pakan ternak. Agribisnis jagung memiliki berbagai keuntungan yakni memberikan banyak manfaat, memiliki keunggulan sebagai pakan untuk unggas, dan usaha taninya mudah. Namun, jagung memiliki beberapa permasalahan seperti luas lahan yang terbatas, dan teknologi usaha tani rendah. Jagung memiliki peluang perdagangan antardaerah dan negara dan kebutuhan jagung nasional  cukup tinggi dan terus tumbuh. Untuk itu, perlu dilakukan studi untuk mendapatkan strategi pengembangan jagung nasional ke depan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode SWOT (Strenght-Weakness-Opportunities-Threats) dan QSPM (Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix). Hasil analisis data mendapatkan bahwa strategi alternatif terpenting dalam pengembangan agribisnis jagung adalah harus berorientasi pada pengembangan agribisnis jagung yang berdaya saing, berkerakyatan, berkelanjutan, dan terdesentralisasi. Dibutuhkan peningkatan efektivitas dan kualitas kinerja pemerintah dalam memfasilitasi masyarakat untuk berpartisipasi dalam membangun agribisnis jagung. Secara menyeluruh, prioritas utama dalam pengembangan agribisnis jagung ke depan membutuhkan dukungan melalui peningkatan efektivitas dan kualitas kinerja pemerintah, serta pengembangan sarana dan prasarana distribusi.
Growth of Gyrinops verstegii Seedling in Response to Thinning and Foliar Fertilization
Authors: Wawo Albert Husein , Utami Ning Wikan , Setyowati Ninik
Published: March 2018

Gyrinops verstegii is one of agarwoods species, plant with high economic value. However, it is categorized as plant with high risk of extinction, hence it required conservation. This research aimed to examine the effect of thinning and foliar fertilization of G. verstegiiseedling to support its conservation. The study was conducted for 6 months in the glass house of Research Center for Biology, LIPI, at Cibinong Science Center. It was arranged in Factorial Design with two factors and repeated 3 times. The first factor was two thinning treatments (branches prunning): no thinning (P0) and thinning (P1). The second factor was 4 dosages of foliar fertilization : without fertilizer (D0), fertilizer dosages 1 g.l-1 (D1), 2 g.l-1 (D2) dan 3 g.l-1 (D3). Thinning treatment was able to stimulate seedling height and number of seedling branches but inhibited stem diameter as well as foliar fertilization at 2 g.l-1.Thinning and foliar fertilizing at 2 g.l-1 indicated significant effect on height and number of seedling branches but inhibited stem diameter of G. verstegii seedlings.
The Effect of Essential Oil Formulas on Mortality and Oviposition Deterrent of Helopeltis antonii
Authors: Mardiningsih Tri Lestari , Ma'mun NFN
Published: March 2018

Citronella, clove and lemongrass oils are known to be toxic and repel certain pests.  Mixing different essential oils (EOs) in the form of formula is expected to increase the insecticidal properties. The experiments aimed to examine the effect of EOs mixture formulas on mortality and oviposition deterrent of Helopeltis antonii. The study was conducted at the green house of Indonesian Spices and Medicinal Crops Research Institute. A mixture of two EOs citronella + clove (1:1), lemongrass + clove (1:1), individual EO formulas, and their inert solution (mixture of tween 80, turpentine, and teepol) were tested on H. antonii at 5 and 10 ml.l-1 concentrations.  Parameters observed were the number of eggs laid, mortality of adults and nymphs of H. antonii. The citronella + clove and lemongrass + clove formula at 10 ml.l-1 deterred the oviposition of  H. antonii by 60.18 % and 46.56 % respectively. These formulas also caused adults mortality at 79.17 % and 62.50 %, as well as the nymphs mortality at 87.50 % and 82.50 % respectively. The citronella + clove and lemongrass + clove formulas tested had the same effectiveness compared to the commercial citronella oil formula. Therefore, these two formulas were potential to be tested in field to control H. antonii.
Financial Analysis of Botanical Pesticides Application in Big White Ginger Farming System (Case Study in Tanjungkerta, Sumedang)
Authors: Ermiati NFN
Published: March 2018

Botanical pesticides is generally applied to control plant pest in organic farming systems and ginger farmers in Sumedang commonly used it in ginger cultivation. The study aimed to assess the financial feasibility and sensitivity of botanical pesticide use in big white ginger (JPB) cultivation in Tanjungkerta-Sumedang, West Java. Research was conducted in November 2013 with survey method.  Price was analyzed by converting the input and output to the price applicable in June 2017. Farmer respondents were determined randomly by selecting 20 respondents from 33 farmers of Gemahrita Farmer Group. The financial feasibility was assessed using Net Present Value (NPV), Benefit Cost Ratio (B/C) and Internal Rate of Return (IRR) analysis. Farming sensitivity was measured with  BEP (Break Event Point) of production and price.  Pest and diseases found in ginger plantation were leaf spot (Phyllosticta sp.) and ladybug (Epilachna sp), which were controlled by botanical pesticide made by the farmers from greater galangal, citronella, neem leaf and betle vein leaf. The use of natural pesticides was financially feasible with the eligibility criteria of NPV>0 (Rp 32,081,221,-), B/C Ratio >1 (2.15)  and IRR 13 % above  the prevailing bank rate (1.5% per month). BEP production 9,601 kg.ha-1, BEP price Rp. 1,279,-/kg, 57% below actual productivity and price.  This indicated if there was decrease in productivity and price of ginger <57%, JPB farming system using botanical pesticide was still feasible. JPB farming system using self-made botanical pesticide proved profitable, environmentally friendly and safe for farmer health, hence appropriate and advantageous to be developed.
Keunggulan Komparatif dan Kinerja Ekspor Minyak Sawit Mentah Indonesia di Pasar Internasional
Authors: Prasetyo Agung , Marwanti Sri , Darsono NFN
Published: March 2018

English
The average growth rate of Indonesia’s CPO  exports was 11.94% per year, far below those of Thailand, Malaysia, and Colombia with growth rates of 59.55%, 25.19%, and 20.35% per year respectively in the 2001–2015 period. That condition was worsened by higher tax enforcement on Indonesian CPO in EU countries in 2012 causing Indonesia shifted its exports to India, China, and Pakistan. This study aims to analyze comparative advantage of Indonesian CPO compared to Malaysia, Thailand, and Colombia using the Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) analysis. The study also analyzes Indonesia’s CPO export performance in the world markets, especially in India, China, Pakistan, and Netherlands compared to other CPO producers using the Constant Market Share (CMS) approach. RCA analysis showed that Indonesia, Malaysia, Colombia, and Thailand had comparative advantage on CPO. Thailand had the highest RCA index followed by Malaysia, Colombia, and Indonesia. CMS analysis indicated that Indonesia’s CPO export performance was poorer than Malaysia in terms of growth rate, market distribution, and competitiveness, but was better in product composition. Increasing comparative advantage requires synergic policies which include establishing preferential trade agreement, constructing CPO stocking terminals in major importing countries, improving distribution and increasing market penetration.

Indonesian
Rata-rata laju pertumbuhan ekspor minyak sawit mentah (Crude Palm Oil/CPO) Indonesia tahun 2001–2015 adalah 11,94% per tahun, jauh di bawah Thailand, Malaysia, dan Kolombia yang tumbuh masing-masing sebesar 59,55%, 25,19%, dan 20,35% per tahun. Kondisi ini diperburuk dengan pemberlakuan pajak tinggi atas CPO Indonesia di Uni Eropa pada tahun 2012 sehingga mendorong Indonesia mengalihkan fokus ekspor CPO ke India, China, dan Pakistan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keunggulan komparatif CPO Indonesia dibandingkan dengan Malaysia, Thailand, dan Kolombia dengan menggunakan analisis Revealed Comparatif Advantage (RCA) dan mengetahui kinerja ekspor CPO Indonesia di pasar dunia terutama di India, China, Pakistan, dan Belanda dibandingkan produsen CPO lainnya dengan menggunakan pendekatan Constant Market Share (CMS). Analisis RCA menunjukan bahwa Indonesia, Malaysia, Kolombia, dan Thailand sama-sama memiliki keunggulan komparatif pada CPO. Thailand memiliki nilai indeks RCA tertinggi diikuti oleh Malaysia, Kolombia, dan Indonesia. Berdasarkan analisis CMS, kinerja ekspor CPO Indonesia lebih rendah dibandingkan Malaysia dalam aspek pertumbuhan, distribusi pasar, dan daya saing; tetapi lebih baik dalam aspek komposisi produk. Peningkatkan keunggulan komparatif CPO memerlukan kebijakan ekspor sinergis antara lain dengan mengadakan kesepakatan perdagangan preferensial, membangun fasilitas penampungan CPO di negara-negara importir utama, memperbaiki distribusi, dan meningkatkan penetrasi pasar.
Use of board games in higher education literature review
Authors: Smith Edward , Golding Lewis
Published: March 2018

There is a long standing history of mathematical games and puzzles being used to support mathematical thinking and concepts. The Maths Arcade is an initiative designed to provide a unique environment for students to play games in order to communicate with fellow students whilst developing a range of skills. The purpose of this study was to determine how these skills are developed and how they link to different games, we have found the evidence for this through reviewing a variety of sources focussing on game-play. We found that the playing of board games is fundamentally linked to the development of mathematical thinking and skills. These are developed in many ways including trial and improvement and discussion.
Essential Concepts for the First Year of Study for BSc Mathematics
Authors: Capes Alexander , Rowlett Peter
Published: March 2018

To inform discussion about content for the first year of undergraduate mathematics, a study was completed which reviewed: the A-level Mathematics specification; published literature on the transition from A-level to university mathematics; the second and third year curricula of modules at three English universities with different foci. This aimed to investigate what students might reasonably be expected to have covered when they arrive at university, what happens in practice at the transition to university, and the role of the first year as preparation for later study. Content suggestions focus on calculus, linear algebra and analysis as core topics. There is also evidence of the need to focus on students' understanding of where formulae and solutions originated as well as their ability to produce pieces of academic and mathematical writing. Findings also include suggestion that what happens in the first year, while similar between institutions, does depend on the overall focus of the degree programme.
The Role of a Full-time Mathematics Support Tutor
Authors: Mulligan Peter , Mac an Bhaird Ciarán
Published: March 2018

In September 2016, Maynooth University appointed a Mathematics Support Centre (MSC) University Tutor on a three year contract, a unique position on the island of Ireland. In this paper, we briefly explore the important role of MSCs and their tutors. We describe the University Tutor’s activities for the 2016-17 academic year and we discuss the benefits of establishing such a position. We also advocate for the establishment of more contract positions.
Where next for mathematics education in higher education? A one-day meeting in honour of Professor John Blake
Authors: Grove Michael , Brown Gary , Croft Tony , Hibberd Stephen , Levesley Jeremy , Linton Chris
Published: March 2018

On the 10 June 2016 Professor John Blake, known to many readers of MSOR Connections for his leadership of the Maths, Stats & OR Network and his passionate support for mathematics education, passed away peacefully following a short illness. He was 69. In recognition of John’s work, a number of his friends and colleagues came together to organise a one-day education meeting in his honour that comprised part of a larger event celebrating his many achievements in applied mathematics. The meeting was held in July 2017 at the University of Birmingham, a place where John spent many years of his career and established a legacy for teaching and learning from which many now benefit today. John was a man for action and the purpose of this one-day meeting was to explore the current needs and priorities of the mathematical sciences community and identify mechanisms by which we can continue to work together in a changed, and changing, higher education landscape: this article comprises a record of the thoughts and ideas of those who presented in honour of John’s legacy.
Contents page
Authors: Bradshaw Noel-Ann
Published: March 2018

Contents page
Predicción de la composición química en muestras de naturaleza vegetal mediante la técnica de espectroscopia en el infrarrojo cercano (NIRS)
Authors: Muelas Domingo Raquel
Published: March 2018

El objetivo de este estudio fue estimar la composición química en muestras de naturaleza vegetal mediante la técnica NIRS. Para ello se desarrollaron modelos de calibración para determinar el contenido de materia seca, proteína bruta, grasa bruta, fibra bruta, materia orgánica y cenizas en muestras de pulpa y hojas de cítricos y hortalizas. Los espectros obtenidos en el rango comprendido entre 12000-3800 cm-1 (830-2600 nm) con una resolución espectral de 2 nm fueron procesados mediante el algoritmo Modified Partial Least Squares Regression (MPLSR). Los mejores modelos de calibración encontrados en este estudio fueron para el contenido de proteína bruta y materia seca (R2cv=0,925, RPDcv=3,66 y R2cv=0,913, RPDcv=3,4, respectivamente). Para la materia orgánica y las cenizas se obtuvieron valores ligeramente inferiores pero con una adecuada precisión (R2cv=0,864, RPDcv=2,71 y R2cv=0,864, RPDcv=2,72, respectivamente). Estos resultados confirman la viabilidad de la técnica NIRS, como una técnica rápida, segura y efectiva para predecir el contenido de materia seca, proteína bruta, materia orgánica y cenizas. Sin embargo, los peores estadísticos se obtuvieron para la grasa bruta y fibra bruta con valores de R2cv inferiores a 0,70, en este caso las ecuaciones de calibración solo son efectivas para realizar una buena separación entre grupos de muestras con bajos, medios y altos contenidos.
19S: la respuesta en salud del gobierno del estado de Morelos
Authors: Mora-González Ángela Patricia , Madrid-González Daniel Alberto , Barragán-Vázquez Sofía
Published: March 2018

El pasado 19 de septiembre de 2017 se registró un sismo, de magnitud de 7.1 grados Richter al sureste de Axochiapan, en Morelos. Lo anterior implicó un total de 74 fallecimientos, más 20 000 viviendas afectadas, así como la evacuación de 18 hospitales y 281 unidades de primer nivel de atención médica. Dos meses después, las acciones de atención por parte del sector salud a la población damnificada continúan. Esta pobla¬ción pasó de 3 173 personas pernoctantes, concentradas en 49 refugios en el pico máximo, a un total de 1 512 personas, en 23 refugios temporales. Se implementaron acciones en materia de salud pública, como protección a riesgos sanitarios, vigilancia epidemiológica, promoción a la salud, prevención de enfermedades, atención en salud y rehabilitación. El presente artículo describe las acciones realizadas durante y después del sismo por parte del sector salud, con el fin de proveer un panorama en materia de salud pública basado en evidencia para situaciones de emergencia.
Terminologia Bilíngue Designativa das Profissões da Hotelaria
Authors: Aragão Antônio Roberto Ferreira , Dos Santos Ananda Hyngia Nascimento
Published: March 2018

Esta pesquisa fundamentou-se na Terminologia, disciplina pertencente à Linguística, e na Hotelaria. Apresentou-se como objetivo geral a elaboração de um glossário bilíngue de termos designativos das profissões da Hotelaria do português do Brasil e do espanhol da Espanha. O trabalho desenvolveu-se a partir de pesquisas exploratória, bibliográfica e documental por meio das quais elaborou-se um inventário constituído de 18 verbetes das profissões designativas da Hotelaria, com relevante presença de termos não dicionarizados nas grandes obras lexicográficas do português do Brasil. Identificou-se, também, a variação da equivalência de alguns termos em espanhol considerando alguns países que utilizam o referido idioma como língua oficial.
A Diversidade no Uso e Ocupação da Zona Costeira do Brasil: A Sustentabilidade como Necessidade
Authors: Abreu Fabiana Lima , Vasconcelos Fábio Perdigão , Albuquerque Mária Flávia Coelho
Published: March 2018

A ocupação não sustentável ao longo das costas brasileiras, tem intensificado e acelerado processos de erosão das praias, de poluição de mares, lagoas, estuários e de descaracterização da cultura local. Esse trabalho trata-se de uma compilação bibliográfica e tem como objetivo explicitar as principais formas de uso e ocupação do litoral, incluindo a atividade turística, ressaltando a complexidade do ambiente costeiro e a relevância de atitudes e tomadas de decisões sustentáveis. Por fim, traz reflexões importantes sobre a necessidade de uma análise integrada da zona costeira, ou seja, uma abordagem que inclua preocupações ambientais, econômicas, sociais e culturais, promovendo uma distribuição mais justa das oportunidades, quer seja entre a população atual, quer seja entre as gerações atuais e futuras.
O Turismo e a Metrópole: Algumas Considerações Teóricas
Authors: De Araujo Enos Feitosa
Published: March 2018

Nos últimos anos, a metrópole é um dos espaços mais relevantes na lógica capitalista mundial. É nela que concentram os melhores e mais diversificados serviços, bem como a infraestrutura física e virtual. É nas metrópoles que também se concentram os maiores fluxos turísticos (tanto emissores como receptores) e assim, as dinâmicas turísticas se relacionam cada vez mais com as dinâmicas metropolitanas. Partindo da Europa para o mundo, o turismo [relacionado com as metrópoles] torna-se uma prática difundida e comum na produção socioespacial de nossa sociedade.
A Gastronomia Cearense e sua Contribuição ao Turismo
Authors: Neto Leopoldo Gondim , Tavares Gislleidy Uchôa , Lima Glaucia Posso
Published: March 2018

O Ceará, conhecido como “Terra da Luz”, de belas praias, um sertão rico em movimentos culturais e serras de clima com temperaturas amenas, sua culinária bastante diversificada, é uma potência na indústria do turismo nacional. A Gastronomia, quando utilizada como estímulo turístico, possibilita a construção de uma representação otimista e de reconhecimento dos costumes e da personalidade dos povos. Nesse sentido, no artigo objetivou-se, identificar a gastronomia e sua utilização nas atividades turísticas e destacar a culinária cearense como referencial gastronômico e representativo no Ceará. Tratase de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, aplicando o método de pesquisa descritiva, por meio de leituras com abordagem sobre o tema, selecionando aqueles de maior relevância para o estudo em questão. Assim, a particularidade da gastronomia regional, no momento em que é usufruída pelas práticas turísticas, coopera para uma maior disseminação dos usos e costumes regionais e, dessa forma, das culturas locais em que se aprimora o turismo. A gastronomia regional cearense é bastante apreciada pelos turistas e nativos, o que fortalece o turismo gastronômico. O Ceará destaca-se pela quantidade de atrativos turísticos naturais, históricos e culturais, havendo a necessidade de oferecer um alto padrão de qualidade nos serviços gastronômicos para o fortalecimento do turismo.
The Effect of Business Climate on Operations of Small and Medium Scale Enterprises in Nigeria
Authors: Olubitan Joseph Oluremi
Published: March 2018

This research investigated the effect of business climate on operations of Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (SMEs) in Nigeria. Specifically, the aims were to identify the various business climates affecting SMEs, examine how business climates affects sales turnover of SMEs, and evaluate the effect of business climate on Total Factor Productivity (TFP) of SMEs in Nigeria. The research utilized secondary data collected from 2.783 registered businesses in all sectors. The data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics such as mean and standard deviation. It reveals that majority of SMEs experience one constraints or another as a major obstacle which includes inadequate electricity supply (53,22%) and access to finance (15,74%). Inferential statistics such as Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA) indicated that labour (0,9943; P < 0,05) and infrastructure (0,7133; P < 0,05) are the only significant variables to sales turnover. Meanwhile,  the regression analysis shows that raw material, labor, infrastructure and fixed cost are the variables that have a strong predicted variance in TFP at P < 0,05 with p-value of 0,000. Water is also observed to be significant at P < 0,1 with p-value of 0,087.
The Behavior of Online Museum Visitors on Facebook Fan Page of the Museum in Indonesia
Authors: Sundjaja Arta Moro , Gaol Ford Lumban , Abdinagoro Sri Bramantoro , Abbas Bahtiar S.
Published: March 2018

The objective of this research was to discover the behavior of museum visitors on Facebook fan page in Indonesia based on the user motivation, user expectation, online community involvement, and Facebook fan page of the museum. This research used a quantitative approach to descriptive analysis. The population was the Facebook users who had followed the Facebook fan page of the museum in Indonesia. The samples used were 270 respondents. The researchers distributed the questionnaire to a Facebook group managed by museums or communities. Based on the demographic profile of respondent, the researchers discover that the respondents are highly educated, work as employees or student, and allocate more than Rp500.000,00 per month for traveling expense. Based on social media behavior of the respondents, the respondents are active using Facebook and not aware of the presence of museum in social media. The respondents require museum information, social interaction, and entertainment on Facebook fan page of the museum. Therefore, museum managers must maintain the content quality and perceived usefulness in delivering the information through Facebook. The involvement of cultural community can help people to get honest information about museum through credible opinion from the respondents.
Face Recognition Performance in Facing Pose Variation
Authors: Gunawan Alexander Agung Santoso , Prasetyo Reza A
Published: March 2018

There are many real world applications of face recognition which require good performance in uncontrolled environments such as social networking, and environment surveillance. However, many researches of face recognition are done in controlled situations. Compared to the controlled environments, face recognition in uncontrolled environments comprise more variation, for example in the pose, light intensity, and expression. Therefore, face recognition in uncontrolled conditions is more challenging than in controlled settings. In thisresearch, we would like to discuss handling pose variations in face recognition. We address the representation issue us ing multi-pose of face detection based on yaw angle movement of the head as extensions of the existing frontal face recognition by using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Then, the matching issue is solved by using Euclidean distance. This combination is known as Eigenfaces method. The experiment is done with different yaw angles and different threshold values to get the optimal results. The experimental results show that: (i) the more pose variation of face images used as training data is, the better recognition results are, but it also increases the processing time, and (ii) the lower threshold value is, the harder it recognizes a face image, but it also increases the accuracy.
Segmentation of Overlapping Cervical Cells in Normal Pap Smear Images Using Distance-Metric and Morphological Operation
Authors: Kurniawan Rahadian , Muhimmah Izzati , Kurniawardhani Arrie , Indrayanti Indrayanti
Published: March 2018

The automatic interpretation of Pap Smear image is one of challenging issues in some aspects. Accurate segmentation for each cell is an important procedurethat must be done so that no information is lost during the evaluation process. However, the presence of overlapping cells in Pap Smear image make the automated analysis of these cytology images become more difficult. In most ofthe studies, cytoplasm segmentation is the difficult stage because the boundaries between cells are very thin. In this study, we propose an algorithm that can segment the overlapping cytoplasm. First, the morphology operation and global thresholding to segment cytoplasm is done. Second, the overlapping area on cytoplasm region is separated using morphological operation and distance criteria on each pixel. The proposed method has been evaluated against the results of manual tracing by experts. The experiment results show that the proposed method can segment the overlapping cytoplasm as similar as experts do, i.e., 2:897 3:632 (mean std) using Hausdorff distance.
Factors Affecting the Behavioral Intention of using Sedayuone Mobile Application
Authors: Yanfi Yanfi , Kurniawan Yohannes , Arifin Yulyani
Published: March 2018

This research evaluated the factors that influenced the behavioral intention to use a mobile application. The case study used was SedayuOne mobile application. The method used was the questionnaires using Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT2) model. The questionnaires were sent to the 342 members by using email. The result shows that the user habit is the highest factor that influences the user behavioral intention to consume the SEDAYUONE application.Therefore, to maintain the user behavior, the company must know the user habit and consider promotional strategies to enhance the attractiveness and maintain customer loyalty.