bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect Evaluation of Spatial Characteristics on Map Matching-Based Indoor Positioning
Authors: Luo Shuaiwei , Gu Fuqiang , Xu Fan , Shang Jianga
Published: November 2020

Map-matching is a popular method that uses spatial information to improve the accuracy of positioning methods. The performance of map matching methods is closely related to spatial characteristics. Although several studies have demonstrated that certain map matching algorithms are affected by some spatial structures (e.g., parallel paths), they focus on the analysis of single map matching method or few spatial structures. In this study, we explored how the most commonly-used four spatial characteristics (namely forks, open spaces, corners, and narrow corridors) affect three popular map matching methods, namely particle filtering (PF), hidden Markov model (HMM), and geometric methods. We first provide a theoretical analysis on how spatial characteristics affect the performance of map matching methods, and then evaluate these effects through experiments. We found that corners and narrow corridors are helpful in improving the positioning accuracy, while forks and open spaces often lead to a larger positioning error. We hope that our findings are helpful for future researchers in choosing proper map matching algorithms with considering the spatial characteristics.
A U-Net Based Approach for Automating Tribological Experiments
Authors: Staar Benjamin , Bayrak Suleyman , Paulkowski Dominik , Freitag Michael
Published: November 2020

Tribological experiments (i.e., characterizing the friction and wear behavior of materials) are crucial for determining their potential areas of application. Automating such tests could hence help speed up the development of novel materials and coatings. Here, we utilize convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to automate a common experimental setup whereby an endoscopic camera was used to measure the contact area between a rubber sample and a spherical counterpart. Instead of manually determining the contact area, our approach utilizes a U-Net-like CNN architecture to automate this task, creating a much more efficient and versatile experimental setup. Using a 5× random permutation cross validation as well as additional sanity checks, we show that we approached human-level performance. To ensure a flexible and mobile setup, we implemented the method on an NVIDIA Jetson AGX Xavier development kit where we achieved ~18 frames per second by employing mixed-precision training.
Derivation and Application of the Subjective–Objective Probability Relationship from Entropy: The Entropy Decision Risk Model (EDRM)
Authors: Monroe Thomas , Beruvides Mario , Tercero-Gómez Víctor
Published: November 2020

The uncertainty, or entropy, of an atom of an ideal gas being in a certain energy state mirrors the way people perceive uncertainty in the making of decisions, uncertainty that is related to unmeasurable subjective probability. It is well established that subjects evaluate risk decisions involving uncertain choices using subjective probability rather than objective, which is usually calculated using empirically derived decision weights, such as those described in Prospect Theory; however, an exact objective–subjective probability relationship can be derived from statistical mechanics and information theory using Kullback–Leibler entropy divergence. The resulting Entropy Decision Risk Model (EDRM) is based upon proximity or nearness to a state and is predictive rather than descriptive. A priori EDRM, without factors or corrections, accurately aligns with the results of prior decision making under uncertainty (DMUU) studies, including Prospect Theory and others. This research is a first step towards the broader effort of quantifying financial, programmatic, and safety risk decisions in fungible terms, which applies proximity (i.e., subjective probability) with power utility to evaluate choice preference of gains, losses, and mixtures of the two in terms of a new parameter referred to as Prospect. To facilitate evaluation of the EDRM against prior studies reported in terms of the percentage of subjects selecting a choice, the Percentage Evaluation Model (PEM) is introduced to convert choice value results into subject response percentages, thereby permitting direct comparison of a utility model for the first time.
How Fifth-Grade English Learners Engage in Systems Thinking Using Computational Models
Authors: Haas Alison , Grapin Scott E. , Wendel Daniel , Llosa Lorena , Lee Okhee
Published: November 2020

The purpose of this study was to investigate how computational modeling promotes systems thinking for English Learners (ELs) in fifth-grade science instruction. Individual student interviews were conducted with nine ELs about computational models of landfill bottle systems they had developed as part of a physical science unit. We found evidence of student engagement in four systems thinking practices. Students used data produced by their models to investigate the landfill bottle system as a whole (Practice 1). Students identified agents and their relationships in the system (Practice 2). Students thought in levels, shuttling between the agent and aggregate levels (Practice 3). However, while students could think in levels to develop their models, they struggled to engage in this practice when presented with novel scenarios (e.g., open vs. closed system). Finally, students communicated information about the system using multiple modalities and less-than-perfect English (Practice 4). Overall, these findings suggest that integrating computational modeling into standards-aligned science instruction can provide a rich context for fostering systems thinking among linguistically diverse elementary students.
Associations between Urinary, Dietary, and Water Fluoride Concentrations among Children in Mexico and Canada
Authors: Green Rivka , Till Christine , Cantoral Alejandra , Lanphear Bruce , Martinez-Mier E. , Ayotte Pierre , Wright Robert , Tellez-Rojo Martha , Malin Ashley
Published: November 2020

Fluoride, which may be toxic to the developing brain, is added to salt in Mexico and drinking water in Canada to prevent dental caries. We compared childhood urinary fluoride (CUF) concentrations in Mexico City and Canada to characterize patterns of fluoride exposure in these two populations. We also examined associations of CUF with dietary and water fluoride levels in Mexico City and Canada respectively. We included 561 children (ages 4–6; mean age 4.8 years) from the Programming Research in Obesity, Growth, Environment, and Social Stress (PROGRESS) cohort in Mexico City, and 645 children (ages 2–6; mean age 3.7 years) from the Maternal–Infant Research on Environmental Chemicals (MIREC) cohort in Canada. We applied Spearman correlations, T-tests, ANOVA or covariate-adjusted linear regression to examine associations of CUF (mg/L; adjusted for specific gravity) with demographics and dietary or water fluoride concentrations. We used Welch equivalence testing to compare means across cohorts. Mean (SD) CUF was equivalent (t = 4.26, p < 0.001) in PROGRESS: 0.74 (0.42) and fluoridated Canadian communities: 0.66 (0.47), but lower in non-fluoridated Canadian communities: 0.42 (0.31) (t = −6.37, p < 0.001). Water fluoride concentrations were significantly associated with CUF after covariate adjustment for age and sex in MIREC (B = 0.44, 95% CI: 0.30, 0.59, p < 0.001). In contrast, daily food and beverage fluoride intake was not associated with CUF in PROGRESS (p = 0.82). We found that CUF levels are comparable among children in Mexico City and fluoridated Canadian communities, despite distinct sources of exposure. Community water fluoridation is a major source of fluoride exposure for Canadian children.
Assessment of the Toxic Metals Pollution of Soil and Sediment in Zarafshon Valley, Northwest Tajikistan (Part II)
Authors: Abdusamadzoda Daler , Abdushukurov Djamshed A. , Duliu Octavian G. , Zinicovscaia Inga
Published: November 2020

This study discusses contamination of soils and sediments with trace elements such as Mn, Ba, W, V, Co, Cr, Zn, Ni, As, Sb Hg as well as Th and U, the influence of natural and anthropogenic factors on the distribution of elements and the ecological state of the Zarafshon Valley. The elemental composition of 116 soil and sediment samples were analyzed by the neutron activation analysis. The calculation of the geoaccumulation index (Igeo), contamination factor (CF) and pollution load index (PLI) showed that some places in the investigated region with developed the industrial zones (around mining and processing plants of “Anzob”, “Konchoch”, “Kumargi bolo” and “Mogiyon”) are mostly polluted by As, Sb, Hg, and in rare cases, the high concentration of W and V were determined. In addition, they were considered the distribution of radioactive elements–thorium and uranium and their ratio in the soil and sediments. Moreover, in the investigated area, strong anomalies of Th and U were not found. It turned out that the content of Th and U are local in nature and do not have a noticeable effect on the environment.
Neutron Star Properties: Quantifying the Effect of the Crust–Core Matching Procedure
Authors: Ferreira Márcio , Providência Constança
Published: November 2020

The impact of the equation of state (EoS) crust-core matching procedure on neutron star (NS) properties is analyzed within a meta-modeling approach. Using a Taylor expansion to parametrize the core equation of state (EoS) and the SLy4 crust EoS, we create two distinct EoS datasets employing two matching procedures. Each EoS describes cold NS matter in a β equilibrium that is thermodynamically stable and causal. It is shown that the crust-core matching procedure affects not only the crust-core transition but also the nuclear matter parameter space of the core EoS, and thus the most probable nuclear matter properties. An uncertainty of as much as 5% (8%) on the determination of low mass NS radii (tidal deformability) is attributed to the complete matching procedure, including the effect on core EoS. By restricting the analysis, imposing that the same set of core EoS is retained in both matching procedures, the uncertainty on the NS radius drops to 3.5% and below 1.5% for 1.9M⊙. Moreover, under these conditions, the crust-core matching procedure has a strong impact on the Love number k2, of almost 20% for 1.0M⊙ stars and 7% for 1.9M⊙ stars, but it shows a very small impact on the tidal deformability Λ, below 1%.
Climate Change Impact on Hydropower Resources in Gauged and Ungauged Lithuanian River Catchments
Authors: Jakimavičius Darius , Adžgauskas Gintaras , Šarauskienė Diana , Kriaučiūnienė Jūratė
Published: November 2020

Hydropower (potential and kinetic energy) is one of the most important renewable energy sources in the world. This energy is directly dependent on water resources and the hydrological cycle. Ongoing climate changes are likely to influence the availability/amount of this energy resource. The present study explores the relationship between climate changes and river runoff, projects future runoff in both gauged and ungauged river catchments, and then assesses how these alterations may affect the future hydropower resources in Lithuania. Runoff projections of the gauged rivers were evaluated applying Swedish Department of Climate hydrological model, and runoff of ungauged river catchments were estimated by created isoline maps of specific runoff. According to an ensemble of three climate models and two Representative Concentration Pathway scenarios, runoff and hydroelectric energy projections were evaluated for two future periods (2021–2040, 2081–2100). The results demonstrated a decrease in future river runoff. Especially significant changes are expected according to the most pessimistic RCP8.5 scenario at the end of the century. The projected changes are likely to bring a negative effect on hydropower production in the country. These findings could help understand what kind of benefits and challenges water resource managers may face in the future.
Sterility, an Overlooked Health Condition
Authors: Royfman Rachel , Shah Tariq A. , Sindhwani Puneet , Nadiminty Nagalakshmi , Avidor-Reiss Tomer
Published: November 2020

Clinically, infertility is defined as the inability to conceive after a certain period. In contrast, sterility is defined as the inability to produce a biological child; however, this is not a practical definition that can be applied in a clinical setting to a patient’s diagnosis. Unlike infertility, sterility is rarely discussed in biomedical and clinical literature and is often used synonymously with infertility. Infertility affects about 10% of couples globally, but the prevalence of sterility remains unknown. We divide sterility into three subtypes natural, clinical, and hardship. To estimate sterility prevalence, we analyzed primary literature and meta-analysis papers on the rates of live births and pregnancies throughout several treatments of infertile couples (e.g., untreated patients, in vitro fertilization-treated, and patients administered other treatments). This analysis indicates that all treatments fail in delivering a biological child to most couples, suggesting that most infertile couples may fail to conceive. More comprehensive primary studies are needed to provide a precise estimate of sterility. Furthermore, research is needed to study the causes of sterility, as well as develop methods for diagnosis and treatment that are financially affordable and emotionally tolerable. Altogether, sterility is an under-discussed condition that is more common than expected, as many infertile couples are unable to conceive and are, in effect, sterile.
Medication adherence and clinical outcomes in dispensing and non-dispensing practices: a cross-sectional analysis
Authors: Gomez-Cano Mayam , Wiering Bianca , Abel Gary , Campbell John L , Clark Christopher E
Published: November 2020

Background

Most patients obtain medications from pharmacies by prescription, but rural general practices can dispense medications. The clinical implications of this difference in drug delivery are unknown. This study hypothesised that dispensing status may be associated with better medication adherence. This could impact intermediate clinical outcomes dependent on medication adherence in, for example, hypertension or diabetes.

Aim

To investigate whether dispensing status is associated with differences in achievement of Quality and Outcomes Framework (QOF) indicators that rely on medication adherence.

Design and setting

Cross-sectional analysis of QOF data for 7392 general practices in England.

Method

QOF data from 1 April 2016 to 31 March 2017 linked to dispensing status for general practices with list sizes ≥1000 in England were analysed. QOF indicators were categorised according to whether their achievement depended on a record of prescribing only, medication adherence, or neither. Differences were estimated between dispensing and non-dispensing practices using mixed-effects logistic regression, adjusting for practice population age, sex, deprivation, list size, single-handed status, and rurality.

Results

Data existed for 7392 practices; 1014 (13.7%) could dispense. Achievement was better in dispensing practices than in non-dispensing practices for seven of nine QOF indicators dependent on adherence, including blood pressure targets. Only one of ten indicators dependent on prescribing but not adherence displayed better achievement; indicators unrelated to prescribing showed a trend towards higher achievement by dispensing practices.

Conclusion

Dispensing practices may achieve better clinical outcomes than prescribing practices. Further work is required to explore underlying mechanisms for these observations and to directly study medication adherence rates.
Reducing missed appointments in general practice: evaluation of a quality improvement programme in East London
Authors: Margham Tom , Williams Crystal , Steadman Jack , Hull Sally
Published: November 2020

Background

Missed appointments are common in primary care, contributing to reduced clinical capacity. NHS England has estimated that there are 7.2 million missed general practice appointments annually, at a cost of £216 million. Reducing these numbers is important for an efficient primary care sector.

Aim

To evaluate the impact of a system-wide quality improvement (QI) programme on the rates of missed GP appointments, and to identify effective practice interventions.

Design and setting

Practices within a clinical commissioning group (CCG) in East London, with an ethnically diverse and socially deprived population.

Method

Study practices engaged in a generic QI programme, which included sharing data on appointment systems and Did Not Attend (DNA) rates. Fourteen out of 25 practices implemented DNA reduction projects, supported by practice-based coaching. Appointment data were collected from practice electronic health records. Evaluation included comparisons of DNA rates pre- and post-intervention using interrupted times series analysis.

Results

In total, 25 out of 32 practices engaged with the programme. The mean DNA rate at baseline was 7% (range 2–12%); 2 years later the generic intervention DNA rates were 5.2%. This equates to a reduction of 4030 missed appointments. The most effective practice intervention was to reduce the forward booking time to 1 day. The practice that made this change reduced its mean DNA rate from 7.8% to 3.9%.

Conclusion

Forward booking time in days is the best predictor of practice DNA rates. Sharing appointment data produced a significant reduction in missed appointments, and behaviour change interventions with patients had a modest additional impact; in contrast, introducing structural change to the appointment system effectively reduced DNA rates. To reduce non-attendance, it appears that the appointment system needs to change, not the patient.
influence of crop rotation and nutrition regime in winter wheat on the phytomass remains and the deposits of weed seeds remained in the ground
Authors: Bandici Gheorghe-Emil , Ardelean Ileana
Published: November 2020

An important problem refers to soil weeds seed bank with special reference to brown luvic soils and relationship between vegetal remains(roots + stub) and nutrition regime – crop rotation plant. A great number of seeds can be found in first 20 centimeters of soil (plowinglayer). This fact causes a high weeds density, which has a negative effect on the cultivated plants leading to partial or total crop loss.
genetic study regarding the number of grains in spike in winter wheat
Authors: Bunta Gheorghe , Bucurean Elena
Published: November 2020

Grain number per spike was studed in 6 winter wheat varieties and all their 30 direct and reciprocal F1 hybrids. Parentsincluded 4 released Romanian variety, the old american Atlas 66 and a dwarf breeding line, Oradea 79. This line has a low number ofgrains/spike, but is important in breeding program for here reduced height. General and specific combining abilities were computed andgenetic effects were estimated using Griffing’s method 1, model 1, as modified by Cabulea (1983).For this diallel crosses, gene interactions and the interaction between cytoplasm and nuclear genes were highly significant andthe ratio of additive and non-additive effects was close to one.The variety Fundulea 29 showed the highest general combining ability and it is recommended as a good parent for increasinggrain number/spike. Mid-parent heterosis was significant in 9 out of the 30 cases, mostly in hybrids involving the breeding line Oradea 79.In 3 cases the number of grains/spike of F1 hybrids was significantly lower than the average of the parents. The breeding line Oradea 79 hada significant negative general combining ability, but showed significant positive specific combining ability in most crosses, as well as asignificant positive effect of its cytoplasm. These results are considered to indicate that there are chances of improving the grainnumber/spike in some crosses with Oradea 79.
Research on seeding agents to effect the sugar crystallization
Authors: Popa Dorin , Sarca Gheorghe
Published: November 2020

The quality of sugar is the decisive factor in ensuring the sugar commercializing through the conservation of old markets andexpansion towards new markets. The sugar quality is also the key element which determines the price maintenance in according with theexpenditures performed or even the diminution of the price as a consequence of the quality lessening.
Comparison of apricot cultivars for suitability for organic growing
Authors: Dremák Péter
Published: November 2020

Nowadays, important task is using more widely the environmentally friendly production technologies. There are considerable differencesamong technologies using reduced spray programs (integrated and organic) in plant protection and plant nutrition.In this case integrated production has a better position as roles for organic production more strict and due to this fruits has an obvioustemporal and permanent reduction in tree conditions. Fitotechnical elements and renewal and regeneration of cultivars are importantfactors for offseting or delaying of condition weakening.In this study, 5 apricot cultivars (not pruned for 8 years) were compared in their characteristics (assessment of inactive, semi-active andactive plant parts).Our study showed that there were 50-70% differences among observed characteristics. Our study confirmed those cultivars which aresuitable for organic production and which one more resistant to condition weakening and which one able to tolerate negative technologicaleffects.
Tulip bulbs preparation by heat treatment for forced culture in green house
Authors: Vlad Ioan , Vlad Mariana , Motiu Tudor , Bartha Szilard , Timis Gânsac Voichita , Dorog Sorin , Chebeleu Mircea , Bodog Marinela , Budau Ruben , Pantea Stelian
Published: November 2020

Tulip can be grown in parks as ornamental plant and cut flowers, or possibly in protected areas for cut flowers during winter and earlyspring.An important condition for the successful cultivation of tulips is the quality of the bulbs that are going to be planted and theirbiological preparation.Under the quality aspect bulbs have to be uniform and large, preferably with circumference greater than 11 cm and must have goodphytosanitarical status.Preparation of organic bulbs for ensuring the continuation of the differentiation process of germs (floral), is made during the storage.It is known that the preparation of organic bulbs are made in interaction with environmental factors, among which temperature plays animportant role. At the beginning and throughout the process of biological preparation, temperature is maintained at a higher level then thetemperature must be low until planting.The temperature level and the duration of treatment varies by followed objective respectively early or late flowering and staggeredflowers production over a longer period of time.
Effects of ingredients and processing conditions on the quality frozen dough bread made from diferent wheat flour
Authors: Ruska Laslo , Timar Adrian
Published: November 2020

A laboratory scale no-time frozen dough procedure that approximates Romanian commercial practice has beendeveloped and used to study the effects of ingredients and processing conditions on the bread quality of a straightgrade wheat flour during prolonged storage (2 days to 26 weeks). All treatments (baking absorption level, mixingenergy input, mixer type, fermentation and intermediate proof times, removal of oxidant and/or doughstrengthening conditioners and partial freeze-thaw cycles) had significant effects (P<0.05) upon bread quality (loafvolume and/or bread score). In general, these effects were more pronounced with extended frozen storage time.High baking absorption, undermixing, bulk fermentation (> 1 h) and removal of oxidant and/or surfactants hadthe most dramatic effects. Addition of a very strong flour at 30% to strengthen the wheat flour had no significanteffect (P>0.05) upon bread quality under optimum conditions.
effect of agrotechnological factors and the cropping season on sweetcorn (Zea Mays L. convar. saccharata Koern.) production in a humid year
Authors: Lente Ádám
Published: November 2020

We have examined the effect of three agrotechnological factors (sowing time, fertilization, crop density) and four genotypes on the yieldof sweetcorn on chernozem soil in the Hajdúság region in 2009. The experiment was set up at the Látókép Research Site of the University ofDebrecen. We have included two sowing times (27 April, 26 May), six nutrition levels (control, N30+PK, N60+PK, N90+PK, N120+PK,N150+PK) and four genotypes (Jumbo, Enterprise, Prelude, Box-R) at two crop density levels (45 thousand ha-1).In the humid cropyear of 2010 the amount of precipitation exceeded the 30-year average by 184 mm in the cropping season; the averagetemperature exceeded the same by 0.8 C on the average of the examined months. The circumstances were most favourable for sweetcornproduction with the first sowing time, thus, this was when the yield of all hybrids was the highest.With early sowing time, the highest yield (23437 kg ha-1 yield) was obtained with Enterprise at 45 thousand ha-1 crop density level atN150 + PK nutrition level. The highest yield of the other three hybrids was 22253 kg ha-1 (Jumbo) 22286 kg ha-1 (Box-R) and 1873 kg ha-1(Prelude). With the second sowing time, the highest yield was obtained with Enterprise again (22237 kg ha-1) at 65 thousand ha-1 cropdensity level. With this sowing time the yield of Jumbo, Box-R and Prelude was 20888 kg ha-1, 17796 kg ha-1 and 17401 kg ha-1, respectively.We found that the highest yield was obtained at the highest nutrition levels (N120 + PK, N150 +PK) with the first sowing time, while the samewas obtained at lower nutrition levels (N90 + PK, N120 + PK) with the second sowing time.
Baking quality of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in the long-term experiments on chernozem soil
Authors: Pepó Péter
Published: November 2020

Agriculture has traditionally an important role in Hungarian economy and rural development. About 75 % of Hungary’s total territoryis under agricultural land use. Because of ecological conditions and production traditions cereals (wheat, maize etc) have the greatestimportance in Hungarian crop production. In the 1980’s the country-average yields of wheat were about 5,0-5,5 t ha-1 („industrial-like”crop production-model). In the 1990’s the yields of wheat dropped to 4,0 t ha-1 because of low input-using and wide application of the issuesof environmental protection and sustainability. Winter wheat production for quality has a decisive role in certain regions of Hungary(eastern and middle-parts).The quality of wheat is complex and different. Three major growing factor groups determine the quality of winter wheat: genotype,agroecological conditions and agrotechnical factors. In wheat production for quality the selection of the variety is the most importantelement. Our long-term experiments proved that the quality traits of a variety means the highest (maximum) limit of quality which could notbe exceeded in fact. During the vegetation period of wheat the different ecological and agrotechnical factors could help or on the contrarycould demage the quality parameters of wheat.The agrotechnical factors determining the baking quality of wheat can be divided into two groups: the first group means the factors withdirect effects on quality (fertilization, irrigation, harvest); the second group contains the elements with indirect effects on quality (croprotation, tillage, planting, crop protection).Appropriate fertilization could help to manifest the maximum of quality parameters of a wheat genotype and could reduce the qualityfluctuationin unfavourable ecological and agrotechnical conditions.
Failure mode and effect analysis of water supply systems
Authors: Smaranda Ionescu Daniela , C-tin Ionescu Gheorghe , Daroczi Carol
Published: November 2020

The present paper intends to overview the problems of the failure mode and effect analysis of water supply systems. The author’s efforts werechanneled to systemizing, classifying and adapting the content to the hydraulics engineering field.
Determination of thermodynamic parameters of power systems as a basis for assessment of their technical state
Authors:   Kazan state power engineering university, Kruglov V.I. , Sharipov I.I. ,   Kazan state power engineering university
Published: November 2020

In the article, the authors present an approach to predicting the failure time of energy systems based on the control of their thermodynamic parameters. Solving this problem can facilitate the transition to an operational strategy based on the actual state. For the forecast has been selected well-proven method of group account of arguments (GMDH), which has found wide application in solving complex scientific and engineering problems. The results of forecasting the failure time of two NK-8-2U gas turbine engines based on the results of measuring the main technical parameters are presented. The calculations were performed in the course of the equivalent-cyclic tests on JSC "Kazan motor building production Association". The results of calculations showed sufficient accuracy of the forecast (no more than 20-25 hours of operation).
Evaluation of modernization of inclusion of gas exhaust devices of vacuum deaerators
Authors:   Ulyanovsk state technical university, Pazushkina O.V. , Zolin M.V. ,   Ulyanovsk state technical university
Published: November 2020

The issue of increasing the reliability of gas exhaust devices remains quite relevant, since a large number of violations of vacuum deaeration of water are associated with their failures. Jet gas removal devices - ejectors, are used as devices for removing non-condensable corrosive gases from vacuum deaerators. The article provides a detailed description of the designs and existing types of steam-jet and water-jet ejectors, provides a classification of ejectors, their scope. Moreover, in this paper, schemes for switching on ejectors are presented, the positive and negative aspects of each of the types of ejectors are considered. In particular, in this work, the scheme of operation of a combined heat and power plant (CHP) with the combined use of steam-jet and water-jet ejectors is considered, and an assessment is made of the modernization carried out at Ulyanovsk CHP-2, associated with an additional installation of a water-jet ejector.
Energy storage systems as a tool for optimizing electricity costs
Authors:   Kazan State Power Engineering University, Valiev B.Kh. , Logacheva A.G. ,   Kazan State Power Engineering University, Zatsarinnaya Yu.N. ,   Kazan State Power Engineering University
Published: November 2020

A key prerequisite for the development of a new electric power industry in Russia is a qualitative change in consumer behavior in the retail sector. For Russian industrial consumers costs of paying for consumed electricity and power during peak hours are quite high. Therefore, they have all reasons to install energy storage devices to reduce those costs. The main mechanisms for cost reducing in this case are the price arbitrage and peak shaving. The price arbitrage means buying electricity during low price hours. The peak shaving means reducing the maximum power during certain hours. We examined a low-power industrial enterprise that purchases electric energy from a supplier at third price category. When consumer uses third price category the overall payment to power supply company consists of bill for electricity and bill for power capacity. The price for electricity varies for each hour of the day. While the price for power capacity is constant during the day the value of power capacity is measured during certain hours. Commercial operator sets the measuring hour for each day of the month. The study considered installation of storage units with power capacity of 10 and 19 kW, energy capacity of 40 and 79 kWh respectively at industrial enterprise. We forecasted the payback of those systems based on the current and forecasted prices for electricity, capacity and lithium-ion batteries in the Republic of Tatarstan. Calculations showed that installation of a storage device at an industrial consumer sight may be economically feasible in the conditions of the Republic of Tatarstan today.
ANALISIS BERPIKIR LOGIS SISWA DALAM MENYELESAIKAN MATEMATIKA REALISTIK DITINJAU DARI KECERDASAN INTERPERSONAL
Authors: Faradina Asti , Mukhlis Mohammad
Published: November 2020

This research was motivated by a variety of intelligence possessed by each individual. Where later intelligence was used to solve problems. The one intelligence that can be used in this study was interpersonal. This study aims to describe students' logical thinking in solving realistic mathematical problems in terms of interpersonal intelligence aspects of social sensitivity, social insight, and social communication, especially in mathematics subject matter in the Three Variable Linear Equation System (SPLTV). This research was descriptive. The subjects in this study were three students who had each of the aspects of interpersonal intelligence. Data collection in this study was a questionnaire or questionnaire, tests to solve realistic mathematical problems, interviews, observations, and documentation. Analysis of the data used was the model of Miles, Huberman, and Saldana through three stages including data condensation, data presentation, and conclusions. The validity of the data used triangulation techniques. The results obtained were students who had interpersonal intelligence aspects of social sensitivity meet one indicator of logical thinking and meet two indicators of problem-solving based on Polya's steps but still lacking. Students who had interpersonal intelligence aspects of social insight meet two indicators of logical thinking and can meet three indicators of problem-solving based on Polya's steps but still lacking. Students who had interpersonal intelligence aspects of social communication met all indicators of logical thinking while being able to meet all indicators of problem-solving.
ANALISIS JALUR PENGARUH TEKNIK HITUNG VEDIC MATH, SUKU MAYA, CHUNKING TERHADAP PERHITUNGAN AKAR KUADRAT METODE BABILONIA
Authors: Susdarwono Endro Tri
Published: November 2020

The purpose of this research is to discuss how the influence of several calculation techniques that exist both in the west and in the east, especially the Vedic Math, Maya, Chunking and Square Root Babylonian methods based on the use of path analysis. The approach in this research uses a descriptive approach, the method used is quantitative methods. The quantitative approach uses statistical tests with path analysis to answer the relationship and influence between the 4 variables. From the results of the path analysis, it is found that there is an effect of X1 (mastery of addition and subtraction with Vedic Math), X2 (mastery of multiplication by the Mayan tribe), X3 (mastery of division using the Chunking Method) on X3 (mastery of calculating square roots with Babylonian Middle Iteration). The total effect is 0.887, The total effect of 0.887 shows that the influence of Vedic Math's control of addition and control, mastery of the multiplication of the Maya method, and mastery of the division of the Chunking method based on path analysis have a joint effect on students' ability to calculate questions related to the square root of the Babylonian middle iteration technique.
Structural Nativization in Postcolonial Englishes
Authors: García-Castro Laura
Published: November 2020

Structural nativization, that is, ‘the emergence of locally characteristic linguistic patterns and thus the genesis of a new variety of English’ (Schneider 2007: 5-6), is said to be especially prone to occur in the complementation profile of verbs (and adjectives) in Postcolonial Englishes (PCEs) (Schneider 2007: 86). However, recent research on complementation across PCEs using large corpora has focused mainly on the frequency distribution of standard patterns. This study aims to broaden the scope by conducting a corpus-based analysis using 12,000-token dataset drawn from The Corpus of Global Web-based English (GloWbE; Davies 2013) to identify possible innovative patterns in the complementation profile of remember. The varieties selected are the PCEs Indian, Bangladeshi and Sri Lankan Englishes, and British English as a reference variety. Following a holistic approach, the objective is not only to pinpoint possible instances of innovation but also explore the potential explanations of these. To do so, the complementation profile of the verb remember is considered from a diachronic perspective, mapping obsolete and regional complementation patterns and meanings (Visser 1963-1973; OED). Furthermore, the factors said to condition the linguistic evolution of PCEs are also discussed (Schneider 2007: 88-90, 99-10). The results show that there seem to be incipient traces, although very low in number, of non-standard complementation patterns in the varieties explored, both first and second language varieties. Moreover, the diachronic complementation profile of remember, plus the factors said to influence the development of PCEs, can be seen as potential explanations for most of the patterns found.
Contrastive Analysis, Tertium Comparationis and Corpora
Authors: Oksefjell Ebeling Signe , Ebeling Jarle
Published: November 2020

This paper highlights the importance of a common ground, or tertium comparationis, in order to establish unbiased cross-linguistic equivalence in contrastive studies. Following an outline of the two main types of corpora used in contrastive analysis—comparable and parallel bidirectional—a discussion of how they relate to different tertia comparationis is presented. This is further illustrated in a case study where the same phenomenon is investigated based on the two types of corpora. It is concluded that a bidirectional parallel corpus, relying on both comparable monolingual and bidirectional translation data, may yield more robust insights into cross-linguistic matters than either of the two on their own.
Performing Disobedience
Authors: Gualberto Valverde Rebeca
Published: November 2020

The aim of this article is to probe instances of dramatic self-construction through the performance of disobedience as enacted by the female protagonists of Elizabeth Cary’s The Tragedy of Mariam, critically exploring, in close relation to one another, Mariam’s changing self-presentation from public loquacity to purposeful stoic silence, and Salome’s transgression of the sex-gender system. As will be argued, these two performances of female subjectivity trigger a current of social change by destabilizing the naturalized patriarchal authority that sustains political order. For, as it will be explored, the public self-construction of feminine identities in Cary’s play—mostly through the utterance of a public speech—creates a dramatic and textual space in which rebellious and transformative notions of female selfhood can negotiate the timely tensions between moral permanence and political change.
The Experience of Female Embodiment in William Blake’s Visions of the Daughters of Albion
Authors: Łuczyńska-Hołdys Małgorzata
Published: November 2020

In the following paper my aim is to investigate the representation of female experience of embodiment in William Blake’s Visions of the Daughters of Albion through the lens of corporeal feminism and Foucauldian power/knowledge theory. This theoretical vantage point results from the fact that although the theories of embodiment have received much attention from feminist scholars in the last decades and Blake’s texts have frequently been the subject of feminist readings, the key theme of the female body as a site of power struggle is absent from the criticism of Visions of the Daughters of Albion. My article shows that in his poem Blake rejects Cartesian dualism of body and mind, pronounces it virtually impossible and psychologically detrimental, and that, in so doing, he addresses a number of important feminist concerns: the rights and position of women, gender (in)equality, the shaping of female subjectivity and its relation to bodily experience. Secondly, the present article demonstrates how, in Visions of the Daughters of Albion, text and design enter a mutual semantic relationship of contradiction rather than complementarity. Sometimes working through the technique of syncopation (displacement), but frequently clashing with the text they seemingly illustrate, Blake’s designs run a parallel story to the one which is verbally expressed in the poem. My examination of this dynamic relationship facilitates and strengthens a feminist and a psychological reading of Visions.
Interfacing between Linguists and Literary Scholars: A Conference on Mixed-method Approaches and a First Survey of Italian Collaborative Practices
Authors: Gesuato Sara , Coronato Rocco
Published: November 2020

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How Women Wrote about Themselves: A Corpus- informed Comparison of Women Writers’ Defences in Sixteenth- and Seventeenth-century England
Authors: Righetti Beatrice
Published: November 2020

Women’s written defences of their sex developed within the literary context of the querelle des femmes, a mainly male debate on female intellectual worth, which started in the Middle Ages and came to a peak during the Renaissance. This paper focuses on the discourse some women writers started to develop in sixteenth- and seventeenth- century England, when the growing number of misogynist attacks led some of them to respond in kind. The first works directly engaging the topics of the querelle are usually identified in Isabella Whitney’s poem The Copy of a Letter (1567) and Jane Anger’s Jane Anger Her Protection For Women (1589). These are coupled with three later pamphlets framed in the so-called Swetnam debate, from the name of the misogynist pamphleteer to whom these three women writers replied, namely A Muzell for Melastomus (1617) by Rachel Speght, Ester Hath Hang’d Haman (1617) by Ester Sowernam and The Worming of a Mad Dogge: or, A Soppe for Cerberus, a Redargution of the Bayter of Women (1617) by Constantia Munda. The qualitative reading of the texts reveals differences among them both in content and structure, which is supported by a corpus-informed quantitative comparison between the earlier and the later texts. The quantitative analysis also shows differences in the use of specific high and low frequency querelle-related lemmas, which signal a variation in the semantic fields related to the discourse on women. Such a mixed research method approach suggests that these variations could not be entirely ascribed to those literary works which had established the formal guidelines of the genre of the controversy, The Praise of Folly (1509) by Erasmus of Rotterdam and De nobilitate et praecellentia foeminei sexus (1529) by Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa von Nettesheim. To understand where these differences may come from, the English querelle texts are quantitatively compared with a small corpus of Italian defences of women, including Il merito delle donne (The Worth of Women, 1600) by Moderata Fonte and La nobilità, et l’eccellenza delle donne, co’diffetti, et mancamenti, de gli huomini (The Nobility and Excellence of Women and the Defects and Vices of Men, 1600; 1621) by Lucrezia Marinella. This quantitative analysis shows that English and Italian women writers appear to share some structural and content-related characteristics which cannot be found in either Erasmus’ or Agrippa’s works or contemporary English writers dealing with the querelle. The hypothesis is thus advanced that there may have been literary contacts between England and Italy that indirectly influenced the development of the discourse on women within the context of the querelle des femmes.
Dickens’s Pictures from Italy vs. Murray’s Handbook to Northern Italy: An Investigation into Adjective Use
Authors: Castello Erik
Published: November 2020

This study explores the use of adjectives in Dickens’s Pictures from Italy and Murray’s Handbook to Northern Italy. It is based on a 17,645-word corpus made up of sections chosen from the Handbook to Northern Italy and a 17,600-word corpus comprising chapters 5 to 9 of Pictures from Italy. The paper first looks at the frequency and use of adjective tokens in the two corpora and breaks them down into syntactic categories (e.g. predicative, attributive, postposed). It goes on to investigate the distribution of adjective types in the two corpora and illustrates how Dickens uses more adjectives, including some that were infrequently used in late modern English. It then explores adjective compounding in some detail, showing that Dickens makes use of a larger number of hyphenated compound adjectives than Murray. The findings suggest that Pictures from Italy is overall a more inventive and sophisticated piece of writing than the Handbook to Northern Italy, although the latter appears to have inspired the former to some extent. They also indicate that Dickens’s work mainly addresses independent travellers rather than conventional tourists.
Pinnacles in Long-form Literary Texts: Cross-textual Evidence for the Pervasiveness of Megametaphorical Expression
Authors: Strack Daniel C.
Published: November 2020

Various scholars have recognized how literary authors use mega-metaphor (scattered metaphorical domain references) to unobtrusively shape their narratives. Corpus analysis proves useful not only in identifying the presence of such metaphorical systems in long-form texts but also in assessing their relative prominence across multiple texts. This article will examine 50 randomly selected literary narratives so as to discern the extent to which the relatively uncommon but metaphorically replete word pinnacle contributes surreptitious metaphorical meaning to the literary texts in which it is found. Results of the study confirm that the word “pinnacle,” when it is used at all, is nearly always placed so as to highlight climactic scenes or emphasize key turning points in protagonist character development. The fact that metaphorical lines of interpretation relating to certain words and phrases may be detected, not only by way of critical intuition but also through the electronic searching of multiple text corpora, demonstrates the value of cross-textual analysis strategies in certain cases. It also hints that megametaphor, rather than being a rare and idiosyncratic type of literary artifice, may be more prevalent than has been previously acknowledged.
Introduction: Global English and Social Justice
Authors: Hultgren Anna Kristina
Published: November 2020

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Global English: From “Tyrannosaurus Rex” to “Red Herring”
Authors: Hultgren Anna Kristina
Published: November 2020

The rise of English as the world’s main international language has prompted a social justice agenda underpinned by an assumption that English causes or exacerbates inequality and injustice in the world. In this position statement, I set out to problematise and complexify this assumption, suggesting that English is neither a “Tyrannosaurus Rex”, a “Cuckoo” nor a “Lingua Frankensteinia”, but a “Red Herring”, distracting attention away from the underlying causes of inequality. Within the theoretical framework of “verbal hygiene” (Cameron 1995, 2012a), and drawing on my own empirical work and that of others, I argue for widening the scope of global English and more broadly applied linguistics. I suggest that as socially committed applied linguists, we stand a better chance of solving “real-world problems” (Brumfit 1995: 27) if greater attention is accorded to systems of inequality that are not obviously language-based. I will suggest that a too narrow focus on linguistic injustice risks losing sight of the underlying non-linguistic conditions that produce this injustice. I conclude by suggesting some ways forward that centre on co-thinking language with political, social, economic, cultural and material conditions.