bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Simultaneous orientation and 3D localization microscopy with a Vortex point spread function
Authors: Hulleman Christiaan N. , Thorsen Rasmus Ø. , Kim Eugene , Dekker Cees , Stallinga Sjoerd , Rieger Bernd
Published: October 2021

Estimating the orientation and 3D position of rotationally constrained emitters with localization microscopy typically requires polarization splitting or a large engineered Point Spread Function (PSF). Here we utilize a compact modified PSF for single molecule emitter imaging to estimate simultaneously the 3D position, dipole orientation, and degree of rotational constraint from a single 2D image. We use an affordable and commonly available phase plate, normally used for STED microscopy in the excitation light path, to alter the PSF in the emission light path. This resulting Vortex PSF does not require polarization splitting and has a compact PSF size, making it easy to implement and combine with localization microscopy techniques. In addition to a vectorial PSF fitting routine we calibrate for field-dependent aberrations which enables orientation and position estimation within 30% of the Cramér-Rao bound limit over a 66 μm field of view. We demonstrate this technique on reorienting single molecules adhered to the cover slip, λ-DNA with DNA intercalators using binding-activated localization microscopy, and we reveal periodicity on intertwined structures on supercoiled DNA.
Sentinel node involvement with or without completion axillary lymph node dissection: treatment and pathologic results of randomized SERC trial
Authors: Houvenaeghel Gilles , Cohen Monique , Raro Pédro , De Troyer Jérémy , Gimbergues Pierre , Tunon de Lara Christine , Ceccato Vivien , Vaini-Cowen Véronique , Faure-Virelizier Christelle , Marchal Frédéric , Gauthier Tristan , Jouve Eva , Theret Pierrick , Regis Claudia , Gabelle Philippe , Pernaut Julia , Del Piano Francesco , D’Halluin Gauthier , Lantheaume Stéphane , Darai Emile , Beedassy Bassoodéo , Dhainaut-Speyer Caroline , Martin Xavier , Girard Sophie , Villet Richard , Monrigal Emilie , Hoyek Théophile , Le Brun Jean-François , Colombo Pierre-Emmanuel , Tallet Agnès , Boher Jean-Marie ,   SERC trial group
Published: October 2021

Based on results of clinical trials, completion ALND (cALND) is frequently not performed for patients with breast conservation therapy and one or two involved sentinel nodes (SN) by micro- or macro-metastases. However, there were limitations despite a conclusion of non-inferiority for cALND omission. No trial had included patients with SN macro-metastases and total mastectomy or with >2 SN macro-metastases. The aim of the study was too analyze treatment delivered and pathologic results of patients included in SERC trial. SERC trial is a multicenter randomized non-inferiority phase-3 trial comparing no cALND with cALND in cT0-1-2, cN0 patients with SN ITC (isolated tumor cells) or micro-metastases or macro-metastases, mastectomy or breast conservative surgery. We randomized 1855 patients, 929 to receive cALND and 926 SLNB alone. No significant differences in patient’s and tumor characteristics, type of surgery, and adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) were observed between the two arms. Rates of involved SN nodes by ITC, micro-metastases, and macro-metastases were 5.91%, 28.12%, and 65.97%, respectively, without significant difference between two arms for all criteria. In multivariate analysis, two factors were associated with higher positive non-SN rate: no AC versus AC administered after ALND (OR = 3.32, p < 0.0001) and >2 involved SN versus ≤2 (OR = 3.45, p = 0.0258). Crude rates of positive NSN were 17.62% (74/420) and 26.45% (73/276) for patient’s eligible and non-eligible to ACOSOG-Z0011 trial. No significant differences in patient’s and tumor characteristics and treatment delivered were observed between the two arms. Higher positive-NSN rate was observed for patients with AC performed after ALND (17.65% for SN micro-metastases, 35.22% for SN macro-metastases) in comparison with AC administered before ALND.
Relationship of ventral striatum activation during effort discounting to clinical amotivation severity in schizophrenia
Authors: Prettyman Greer E. , Kable Joseph W. , Didier Paige , Shankar Sheila , Satterthwaite Theodore D. , Davatzikos Christos , Bilker Warren B. , Elliott Mark A. , Ruparel Kosha , Wolf Daniel H.
Published: October 2021

Motivational deficits play a central role in disability due to negative symptoms of schizophrenia (SZ), but limited pathophysiological understanding impedes critically needed therapeutic development. We applied an fMRI Effort Discounting Task (EDT) that quantifies motivation using a neuroeconomic decision-making approach, capturing the degree to which effort requirements produce reductions in the subjective value (SV) of monetary reward. An analyzed sample of 21 individuals with SZ and 23 group-matched controls performed the EDT during fMRI. We hypothesized that ventral striatum (VS) as well as extended brain motivation circuitry would encode SV, integrating reward and effort costs. We also hypothesized that VS hypoactivation during EDT decisions would demonstrate a dimensional relationship with clinical amotivation severity, reflecting greater suppression by effort costs. As hypothesized, VS as well as a broader cortico-limbic network were activated during the EDT and this activation correlated positively with SV. In SZ, activation to task decisions was reduced selectively in VS. Greater VS reductions correlated with more severe clinical amotivation in SZ and across all participants. However, these diagnosis and amotivation effects could not be explained by the response to parametric variation in reward, effort, or model-based SV. Our findings demonstrate that VS hypofunction in schizophrenia is manifested during effort-based decisions and reflects dimensional motivation impairment. Dysfunction of VS impacting effort-based decision-making can provide a target for biomarker development to guide novel efforts to assess and treat disabling amotivation.
Role of hippocampal NF-κB and GluN2B in the memory acquisition impairment of experiences gathered prior to cocaine administration in rats
Authors: López-Pedrajas Rosa , Almansa Inmaculada , Sánchez-Villarejo María V. , Muriach Borja , Barcia Jorge M. , Romero Francisco J. , Muriach María
Published: October 2021

Cocaine can induce severe neurobehavioral changes, among others, the ones involved in learning and memory processes. It is known that during drug consumption, cocaine-associated memory and learning processes take place. However, much less is known about the effects of this drug upon the mechanisms involved in forgetting.The present report focuses on the mechanisms by which cocaine affects memory consolidation of experiences acquired prior to drug administration. We also study the involvement of hippocampus in these processes, with special interest on the role of Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), N-methyl-D-aspartate glutamate receptor 2B (GluN2B), and their relationship with other proteins, such as cyclic AMP response element binding protein (CREB). For this purpose, we developed a rat experimental model of chronic cocaine administration in which spatial memory and the expression or activity of several proteins in the hippocampus were assessed after 36 days of drug administration. We report an impairment in memory acquisition of experiences gathered prior to cocaine administration, associated to an increase in GluN2B expression in the hippocampus. We also demonstrate a decrease in NF-κB activity, as well as in the expression of the active form of CREB, confirming the role of these transcription factors in the cocaine-induced memory impairment.
Entropy and complexity unveil the landscape of memes evolution
Authors: Valensise Carlo M. , Serra Alessandra , Galeazzi Alessandro , Etta Gabriele , Cinelli Matteo , Quattrociocchi Walter
Published: October 2021

On the Internet, information circulates fast and widely, and the form of content adapts to comply with users’ cognitive abilities. Memes are an emerging aspect of the internet system of signification, and their visual schemes evolve by adapting to a heterogeneous context. A fundamental question is whether they present culturally and temporally transcendent characteristics in their organizing principles. In this work, we study the evolution of 2 million visual memes published on Reddit over ten years, from 2011 to 2020, in terms of their statistical complexity and entropy. A combination of a deep neural network and a clustering algorithm is used to group memes according to the underlying templates. The grouping of memes is the cornerstone to trace the growth curve of these objects. We observe an exponential growth of the number of new created templates with a doubling time of approximately 6 months, and find that long-lasting templates are associated with strong early adoption. Notably, the creation of new memes is accompanied with an increased visual complexity of memes content, in a continuous effort to represent social trends and attitudes, that parallels a trend observed also in painting art.
Peripapillary optical coherence tomography as an alternative to fluorescein angiography for monitoring Behcet’s retinal vasculitis
Authors: Zarei Mohammad , Pesarakli Hossein , Yaseri Mehdi , Etesali Hamed , Ebrahimiadib Nazanin
Published: October 2021

To study the correlation of OCT parameters including central subfield macular thickness (CSMT), peripapillary retinal thickness (PRT), and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (PNFLT) with fluorescein angiography (FA) in evaluation of inflammatory activity in Behcet’s retinal vasculitis. In this case-series, concurrent FA and OCT were performed. A scoring system was devised for FA. PNFLT in 3.4-mm-diameter circle as well as PRT in doughnut shaped regions between the 1-mm- and 2.2-mm-diameter and between the 2.2-mm- and 3.45-mm-diameter circles was measured. The correlation of FA and OCT parameters was analyzed. A total of 105 sets of FA from 28 eyes (15 patients) were reviewed. Four (26.6%) were female and mean age was 31.6 ± 8.49 years. Each micron increase in CSMT, PRT2.2, PRT3.45, and PNFLT, caused a rise of 0.018 (95% CI 0.008–0.027, P < 0.001, r = 0.413), 0.053 (95% CI 0.035–0.070, P < 0.001, r = 0.443), 0.086 (95% CI 0.065–0.108, P < 0.001, r = 0.707), and 0.185 (95% CI 0.152–to 0.218, P < 0.001, r = 0.850) unit in FA score, respectively. Parameters having significant correlation with angiographic inflammatory activity, were CSMT, PRT2.2, PRT3.45 and RNFLT. Those with the strongest correlation, PRT3.45 and PNFLT, may be considered as quantitative non-invasive alternatives to FA for monitoring Behcet’s retinal vasculitis.
Predictors for development of palbociclib-induced neutropenia in breast cancer patients as determined by ordered logistic regression analysis
Authors: Kanbayashi Yuko , Sakaguchi Koichi , Ishikawa Takeshi , Takayama Koichi , Taguchi Tetsuya
Published: October 2021

This retrospective study aimed to identify predictors for the development of palbociclib-induced neutropenia. This study retrospectively analysed 78 breast cancer patients who had received palbociclib at our hospital between January 2018 and May 2020. For the regression analysis of factors associated with palbociclib-induced neutropenia, variables were extracted manually from medical charts. The level of palbociclib-induced neutropenia was evaluated using the National Cancer Institute’s Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (version 5). Multivariate ordered logistic regression analysis was performed to identify predictors for the development of neutropenia. Optimal cut-off thresholds were determined using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Values of P < 0.05 (2-tailed) were considered significant. Significant factors identified included concomitant use of statin (odds ratio [OR] = 0.104, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.018–0.598; P = 0.011) and body mass index (BMI) (OR = 1.118, 95% CI = 1.007–1.241; P = 0.037). ROC analysis revealed that neutropenia (grade 4) was more likely to occur with a BMI ≥ 22.3 kg/m2. In conclusion, no concomitant use of statins and high BMI were identified as significant predictors for the development of palbociclib-induced neutropenia.
A nationwide survey on participation in cardiac rehabilitation among patients with coronary heart disease using health claims data in Japan
Authors: Ohtera Shosuke , Kato Genta , Ueshima Hiroaki , Mori Yukiko , Nakatani Yuka , Ozasa Neiko , Nakayama Takeo , Kuroda Tomohiro
Published: October 2021

Poor implementation and variable quality of cardiac rehabilitation (CR) for coronary heart disease (CHD) have been a global concern. This nationwide study aimed to clarify the implementation of and participation in CR among CHD patients and associated factors in Japan. We conducted a retrospective cohort study using data extracted from the National Database of Health Insurance Claims and Specific Health Checkups of Japan. Patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in 2017–2018 were included. Aspects of CR were assessed in terms of (1) participation in exercise-based CR, (2) pharmacological education, and (3) nutritional education. Of 87,829 eligible patients, 32% had participated in exercise-based CR, with a mean program length of 40 ± 71 days. CABG was associated with higher CR participation compared to PCI (OR 10.2, 95% CI 9.6–10.8). Patients living in the Kyushu region were more likely to participate in CR (OR 2.59, 95% CI 2.39–2.81). Among patients who participated in CR, 92% received pharmacological education, whereas only 67% received nutritional education. In Japan, the implementation of CR for CHD is insufficient and involved varying personal, therapeutic, and geographical factors. CR implementation needs to be promoted in the future.
Construction of stable mouse artificial chromosome from native mouse chromosome 10 for generation of transchromosomic mice
Authors: Abe Satoshi , Honma Kazuhisa , Okada Akane , Kazuki Kanako , Tanaka Hiroshi , Endo Takeshi , Morimoto Kayoko , Moriwaki Takashi , Hamamichi Shusei , Nakayama Yuji , Suzuki Teruhiko , Takehara Shoko , Oshimura Mitsuo , Kazuki Yasuhiro
Published: October 2021

Mammalian artificial chromosomes derived from native chromosomes have been applied to biomedical research and development by generating cell sources and transchromosomic (Tc) animals. Human artificial chromosome (HAC) is a precedent chromosomal vector which achieved generation of valuable humanized animal models for fully human antibody production and human pharmacokinetics. While humanized Tc animals created by HAC vector have attained significant contributions, there was a potential issue to be addressed regarding stability in mouse tissues, especially highly proliferating hematopoietic cells. Mouse artificial chromosome (MAC) vectors derived from native mouse chromosome 11 demonstrated improved stability, and they were utilized for humanized Tc mouse production as a standard vector. In mouse, however, stability of MAC vector derived from native mouse chromosome other than mouse chromosome 11 remains to be evaluated. To clarify the potential of mouse centromeres in the additional chromosomes, we constructed a new MAC vector from native mouse chromosome 10 to evaluate the stability in Tc mice. The new MAC vector was transmitted through germline and stably maintained in the mouse tissues without any apparent abnormalities. Through this study, the potential of additional mouse centromere was demonstrated for Tc mouse production, and new MAC is expected to be used for various applications.
Nanoscale analysis of superconducting Fe(Se,Te) epitaxial thin films and relationship with pinning properties
Authors: Scuderi Mario , Pallecchi Ilaria , Leo Antonio , Nigro Angela , Grimaldi Gaia , Ferdeghini Carlo , Spinella Corrado , Guidolin Marco , Trotta Antonio , Braccini Valeria
Published: October 2021

The process of developing superconducting materials for large scale applications is mainly oriented to optimize flux pinning and the current carrying capability. A powerful approach to investigate pinning properties is to combine high resolution imaging with transport measurements as a function of the magnetic field orientation, supported by a pinning modelling. We carry out Transmission Electron Microscopy, Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy and critical current measurements in fields up to 16 T varying the angle between the field and c-axis of Fe(Se,Te) epitaxial thin films deposited on CaF2 substrates. We find evidence of nanoscale domains with different Te:Se stoichiometry and/or rotated and tilted axes, as well as of lattice distortions and two-dimensional defects at the grain boundaries. These elongated domains are tens of nm in size along the in-plane axes. We establish a correlation between these observed microstructural features and the pinning properties, specifically strongly enhanced pinning for the magnetic field oriented in-plane and pinning emerging at higher fields for out-of-plane direction. These features can be accounted for within a model where pinning centers are local variations of the critical temperature and local variations of the mean free path, respectively. The identification of all these growth induced defects acting as effective pinning centers may provide useful information for the optimization of Fe(Se,Te) coated conductors.
Food insecurity arises the likelihood of hospitalization in patients with COVID-19
Authors: Ariya Mohammad , Karimi Jalal , Abolghasemi Somayeh , Hematdar Zeinab , Naghizadeh Mohammad Mehdi , Moradi Maryam , Barati-Boldaji Reza
Published: October 2021

The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared the Corona pandemic as a public health emergency. This pandemic affects the main pillars of food security. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between food insecurity and the probability of hospitalization and the length of the recovery period after getting COVID-19. The cross-sectional study was performed through the census on COVID-19 patients diagnosed in Fasa, Iran. Informed consent, demographic, and food security questionnaire were completed over the phone. Then, all patients were followed up until recovery. Data were analyzed using SPSS26 and Chi-square test, t-test, and logistic regression (P < 0.05). In this study, 219 COVID-19 patients [100 (54.7%) male and 119 (54.3%) female] with a mean age of 40.05 ± 15.54 years old were examined. Possibility of hospitalization and the length of the recovery period of more than one month was significantly longer in the food-insecure group (P = 0.001) and (P = 0.37), respectively, but the mean length of hospital stay in the two groups was not significantly different (P = 0.76). After adjusting for all confounding variables, people with food insecurity were 3.9 times more likely to be hospitalized than those with food security. Overall, we observed that food-insecure people were significantly more likely to be hospitalized than the secure group.
Risk assessment and source apportionment of trace elements in multiple compartments in the lower reach of the Jinsha River, China
Authors: He Wenyan , Li Fei , Yu Jiang , Chen Min , Deng Yun , Li Jia , Tang Xiliang , Chen Zhuoyu , Yan Zhongluan
Published: October 2021

Studies on trace element (TE) pollution in abiotic matrices have typically focused on water, sediment, and soil, either separately or in pairs. The importance of multi-media connectivity has been ignored. This study analyzed the concentrations of 6 TEs in three connected environmental compartments of a 28-km section of the lower reach of the Jinsha River. The ecological risk posed by TEs was higher in soil than in sediment. The contribution of exposure pathways to human health risk were ranked as ingestion > dermal contact > inhalation. An improved regional environmental risk index (RERI) method was then developed to evaluate the comprehensive risk on both ecology and human health caused by TEs. The average RERI value was generally higher in the wet season (0.42) than in the dry (0.41) and dry-to-wet transition seasons (0.08) because of the combined effects of the high TE concentrations in riparian soil and the long exposure time. Source apportionment indicated that industrial activities, weathering of parent rock, and agricultural activities were possible sources of TEs in this region. The methods and results of this study could inform local environmental management and provide references for similar cases wherein multiple compartments of river systems should be considered.
Effectiveness of empirical anti-pseudomonal antibiotics for recurrent COPD exacerbation: a multicenter retrospective cohort study
Authors: Shiroshita Akihiro , Miyakoshi Chisato , Tsutsumi Shunta , Shiba Hiroshi , Shirakawa Chigusa , Sato Kenya , Matsushita Shinya , Kimura Yuya , Tomii Keisuke , Ohgiya Masahiro , Kataoka Yuki
Published: October 2021

Although frequent chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbation has been associated with the isolation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) in sputum cultures, it remains unknown whether the empirical use of anti-pseudomonal antibiotics can improve outcomes in patients with frequent COPD exacerbations. This multicenter retrospective cohort study evaluated whether the empirical use of anti-pseudomonal antibiotics improves the length of the hospital stay in patients with recurrent COPD exacerbation (≥ 2 admissions from April 1, 2008 to July 31, 2020). For statistical analysis, a log-linked Gamma model was used. Parameters were estimated using a generalized estimating equation model with an exchangeable correlation structure accounting for repeated observations from a single patient. Covariates included age, body mass index, home oxygen therapy use, respiratory rate, heart rate, oxygen use on admission, mental status, systemic steroid use, activities of daily living, and the number of recurrences. Hospital-specific effects were specified as fixed effects. In total, 344 patients and 965 observations of recurrent COPD exacerbations were selected. Anti-pseudomonal antibiotics were used in 173 patients (18%). The estimated change in the length of the hospital stay between anti-pseudomonal and non-anti-pseudomonal antibiotics groups was 0.039 days [95% confidence interval; − 0.083, 0.162]. Anti-pseudomonal antibiotics could not shorten the length of the hospital stay.
Development of peptides targeting receptor binding site of the envelope glycoprotein to contain the West Nile virus infection
Authors: Mertinková Patrícia , Mochnáčová Evelína , Bhide Katarína , Kulkarni Amod , Tkáčová Zuzana , Hruškovicová Jana , Bhide Mangesh
Published: October 2021

West Nile virus (WNV), re-emerging neurotropic flavivirus, can cross the blood–brain barrier (BBB) and cause fatal encephalitis and meningitis. Infection of the human brain microvascular endothelial cells (hBMECs), building blocks of the BBB, represents the pivotal step in neuroinvasion. Domain III (DIII) of the envelope (E) glycoprotein is a key receptor-binding domain, thus, it is an attractive target for anti-flavivirus strategies. Here, two combinatorial phage display peptide libraries, Ph.D.-C7C and Ph.D.-12, were panned against receptor-binding site (RBS) on DIII to isolate peptides that could block DIII. From series of pannings, nine peptides (seven 7-mer cyclic and two 12-mer linear) were selected and overexpressed in E. coli SHuffle T5. Presence of disulfide bond in 7-mer peptides was confirmed with thiol-reactive maleimide labeling. Except for linear peptide 19 (HYSWSWIAYSPG), all peptides proved to be DIII binders. Among all peptides, 4 cyclic peptides (CTKTDVHFC, CIHSSTRAC, CTYENHRTC, and CLAQSHPLC) showed significant blocking of the interaction between DIII and hBMECs, and ability to neutralize infection in cultured cells. None of these peptides showed toxic or hemolytic activity. Peptides identified in this study may serve as potential candidates for the development of novel antiviral therapeutics against WNV.
State selective classical electron capture cross sections in Be4+  + H(1s) collisions with mimicking quantum effect
Authors: Ziaeian Iman , Tőkési Károly
Published: October 2021

We present state-selective electron capture cross sections in collision between Be4+ and ground state hydrogen atom. The n- and nl-selective electron capture cross sections are calculated by a three-body classical trajectory Monte Carlo method (CTMC) and by a classical simulation schema mimicking quantum features of the collision system. The quantum behavior is taken into account with the correction term in the Hamiltonian as was proposed by Kirschbaum and Wilets (Phys Rev A 21:834, 1980). Calculations are carried out in the projectile energy range of 1–1000 keV/amu. We found that our model for Be4+ + H(1s) system remarkably improves the obtained state-selective electron capture cross sections, especially at lower projectile energies. Our results are very close and are in good agreement with the previously obtained quantum–mechanical results. Moreover, our model with simplicity can time efficiently carry out simulations where maybe the quantum mechanical ones become complicated, therefore, our model should be an alternative way to calculate accurate cross sections and maybe can replace the quantum–mechanical methods.
Impact of one-rod levonorgestrel implant on the blood chemistry profile
Authors: Gunardi Eka R. , Surya Raymond , Syafitri Inayah , Pasidri Yogi
Published: October 2021

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a one-rod levonorgestrel implant on the blood chemistry profile, including random blood glucose (RBG), haemoglobin (Hb), alanine transferase (ALT), aspartate transferase (AST), and the lipid profile, including total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and triglycerides. This prospective cohort study was conducted at Raden Saleh Clinic, Jakarta, from 2010 to 2012. The implants were inserted subdermally in 30 patients. The subjects were evaluated every 6 month up to 2 years. Bivariate analysis using t-test or Wilcoxon signed rank test was performed for all variables. p < 0.05 was considered a significant value. The Hb, RBG, AST, and lipid profile levels were significantly different before and 6 months after one-rod implant insertion (p < 0.05). However, for 24 months, all of the parameters were still within normal limits and did not differ clinically. One-rod levonorgestrel implant insertion has a minimal effect on all blood chemistry profiles.
Bio-inspired strategies for next-generation perovskite solar mobile power sources
Authors: Yoon Jungjin , Hou Yuchen , Knoepfel Abbey Marie , Yang Dong , Ye Tao , Zheng Luyao , Yennawar Neela , Sanghadasa Mohan , Priya Shashank , Wang Kai
Published: October 2021

This review highlights existing prototypes and potential strategies of bio-inspiration including bio-molecules, -structures, -models, and -systems for applications in perovskite-based mobile solar power sources.
Evaluation of the effect of antibiotics on gut microbiota in early life based on culturomics, SMRT sequencing and metagenomics sequencing methods
Authors: Wang Lihan , Zhang Jiaxin , Zhou Mengyao , Chen Qing , Yang Xinyan , Hou Yichao , Huang Mingli , Man Chaoxin , Jiang Yujun
Published: October 2021

There were differences in the composition of infant gut microbiota between the healthy and antibiotic treated groupsleft000 and the diversity was higher in the healthy group.
A near-infrared fluorescence turn-on probe based on Michael addition–intramolecular cyclization for specific detection of cysteine and its applications in environmental water and milk samples and living cells
Authors: Gao Zhigang , Zhang Ling , Yan Minchuan , Liu Haibo , Lu Shaohui , Lian Huihui , Zhang Peng , Zhu Jing , Jin Mingjie
Published: October 2021

Probe RHI could react with Cys rapidly with a 100-fold fluorescence enhancement and large Stokes shift (155 nm). Probe RHI was successfully utilized for detecting Cys in environmental water and milk samples and applied to imaging Cys in living cells.
XT-type DNA hydrogels loaded with VEGF and NGF promote peripheral nerve regeneration via a biphasic release profile
Authors: Liu Songyang , Liu Yijun , Zhou Liping , Li Ci , Zhang Meng , Zhang Fengshi , Ding Zhentao , Wen Yongqiang , Zhang Peixun
Published: October 2021

Preparation of XT-type DNA hydrogel loaded with VEGF and NGF which could achieve their biphasic release.The repair effect and mechanism of the XT-type DNA hydrogels on a 10 mm peripheral nerve defect were investigated in vitro and in vivo.
Rim-differentiated Co-pillar[4+1]arenes
Authors: Zhao Jianyi , Yang Weiwei , Liang Chuanyun , Gao Liya , Xu Jun , Sue Andrew C.-H. , Zhao Hongxia
Published: October 2021

Rim-differentiated Co-pillar[4+1]arenes with clickable moieties and extra synthetic handles are versatile platforms for self-assembled molecular architectures and biological applications.
Growth mechanism on graphene-regulated high-quality epitaxy of flexible AlN film
Authors: Jia Yanqing , Wu Haidi , Zhao Jianglin , Guo Haibin , Zeng Yu , Wang Boyu , Zhang Chi , Zhang Yachao , Ning Jing , Zhang Jincheng , Zhang Tao , Wang Dong , Hao Yue
Published: October 2021

We report a novel diffusion–adsorption regulation growth method in the epitaxy of AlN on graphene for the high-quality and transferable large-size AlN film.
Solvatomorph and polymorph screening of clopamide drug and its copper(ii) complex crystals
Authors: Gál G. Tamás , May Nóra V. , Trif László , Mihály Judith , Bombicz Petra
Published: October 2021

The anhydrate and hemihydrate structures of the marketed drug, clopamide, are described the first time. Structural landscape of its copper complexes is presented: three polymorphic modifications and an isostructural series of its alcohol clathrates.
Selectivity of hosts for guests by liquid-assisted grinding: differences between solution and mechanochemistry
Authors: Lombard Jean , Laker Heinrich , Prins Francis , Wahl Helene , le Roex Tanya , Haynes Delia A.
Published: October 2021

Selectivity profiles obtained mechanochemically differ from those obtained in solution, both for selectivity during crystallisation and selectivity by guest exchange.
Modeling the impedance response and steady state behaviour of porous CGO-based MIEC anodes
Authors: Marmet Philip , Holzer Lorenz , Grolig Jan G. , Bausinger Holger , Mai Andreas , Brader Joseph M. , Hocker Thomas
Published: October 2021

The SOFC MIEC anode model enables an appropriate understanding of the complex physico-chemical processes and microstructure effects and thus provides a basis for a systematic materials optimization.
g-C3N4/CoNiFe-LDH Z-scheme heterojunction for efficient CO2 photoreduction and MB dye photodegradation
Authors: Zhu Biao , Xu Qianxin , Bao Xiaoyan , Lu Dawei , Yin Hao , Qin Yumei , Shen Xing-Can
Published: October 2021

A g-C3N4/CoNiFe-LDH Z-scheme heterojunction was elaborately constructed and showed enhanced photocatalytic activity for CO2 reduction and MB dye degradation.
Direct Z-scheme CdS–NiPc heterojunctions as noble metal-free photocatalysts for enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen evolution
Authors: Sheng Jialiang , Wang Chunqiang , Duan Fang , Yan Shengrong , Lu Shuanglong , Zhu Han , Du Mingliang , Chen Xin , Chen Mingqing
Published: October 2021

A direct Z-scheme CdS-NiPc heterojunction was successfully synthesized by a one-step hydrothermal method. The optimal photocatalytic H2 production rate could reach 17.74 mmol h−1 g−1, which was 19.1 times higher than that of the pure CdS sample.
A new cobalt(ii) complex nanosheet as an electroactive medium for plasmonic switching on Au nanoparticles
Authors: Liu Yurong , Lu Wenzheng , Cheng Xizhe , Wang Jianfang , Wong Wai-Yeung
Published: October 2021

A new electroactive bottom-up nanosheet is constructed by the coordination between a terpyridine ligand and Co(ii) ions through a facile interface-assisted synthesis. By applying it as a medium material, the LSPR switching on Au NPs is achieved.
The aqueous interaction of neodymium with two omni existent biomoieties – a mechanistic understanding by experimental and theoretical studies
Authors: Dumpala Rama Mohana Rao , Sharma Shikha , Boda Anil , Rawat Neetika , Ali Sk. Musharaf
Published: October 2021

Aqueous complexation of Nd by pyrazine based bio-chelators enhances the aqueous solubility, facilitating its transportation in the environment and also its bio-accumulation in the targeted paths in flora and fauna.
Compositional heterogeneity in CsyFA1−yPb(BrxI1−x)3 perovskite films and its impact on phase behavior
Authors: Barrier Julien , Beal Rachel E. , Gold-Parker Aryeh , Vigil Julian A. , Wolf Eli , Waquier Louis , Weadock Nicholas J. , Zhang Zihan , Schelhas Laura T. , Nogueira Ana Flavia , McGehee Michael D. , Toney Michael F.
Published: October 2021

We study the phase behavior of hybrid organic–inorganic metal-halide perovskite and propose a simple method to assess heterogeneity in the <100 nm length scales.
Electro-oxidative C–H amination of heteroarenes with aniline derivatives via radical–radical cross coupling
Authors: Peng Xichao , Zhao Junhao , Ma Guojian , Wu Yan , Hu Shiyu , Ruan Zhixiong , Feng Pengju
Published: October 2021

A protocol for the C–H amination of heteroarenes via an electro-oxidative radical cross coupling process could access variety of hetero-arene derivatives and tolerate a wide range of functional groups, and is amenable to the gram scale synthesis.
Sample preparation under turbulent flow with renewable sorbent
Authors: Cocovi-Solberg David J. , Schnidrig Stephan , Hann Stephan
Published: October 2021

An open platform for sample preparation under turbulent flow conditions with stationary phase renewal and smart control.
Sorting droplets into many outlets
Authors: Vyawahare Saurabh , Brundage Michael , Kijac Aleksandra , Gutierrez Michael , de Geus Martina , Sinha Supriyo , Homyk Andrew
Published: October 2021

Droplet sorter manufacturable in plastic (COC) or elastomer (PDMS), featuring ionic liquid electrodes and stackable sorting junctions. We use it to make a cell sorter, introducing methods for breaking emulsions and collecting single droplets.
Freeform direct laser writing of versatile topological 3D scaffolds enabled by intrinsic support hydrogel
Authors: Hasselmann Sebastian , Hahn Lukas , Lorson Thomas , Schätzlein Eva , Sébastien Isabelle , Beudert Matthias , Lühmann Tessa , Neubauer Julia C. , Sextl Gerhard , Luxenhofer Robert , Heinrich Doris
Published: October 2021

By combining a photocurable and a thermogelling hydrogel, it is possible to perform 3D freeform structuring via two-photon-polymerization and to manufacture concatenated parts without additional support structures.
Emerging iongel materials towards applications in energy and bioelectronics
Authors: Tomé Liliana C. , Porcarelli Luca , Bara Jason E. , Forsyth Maria , Mecerreyes David
Published: October 2021

This review presents an integrated perspective on the recent progress and advances of emerging iongel materials and their applications in the areas of energy, gas separation and (bio)electronics.
Photophysical and semiconducting properties of isomeric triphenylimidazole derivatives with a benzophenone moiety
Authors: Grybauskaitė-Kaminskienė Gintarė , Dudkaitė Vygailė , Bagdžiūnas Gintautas
Published: October 2021

New isomeric compounds with imidazole and benzophenone moieties were synthesized and their thermal, photophysical, electrochemical and carrier mobilities have been analyzed.
A green and sustainable approach for the synthesis of 1,5-benzodiazepines and spirooxindoles in one-pot using a MIL-101(Cr) metal–organic framework as a reusable catalyst
Authors: Sarkar Fillip Kumar , Gupta Ajay , Jamatia Ramen , Anal Jasha Momo H. , Pal Amarta Kumar
Published: October 2021

Green and efficient protocols for the synthesis of 1,5-benzodiazepines and spirooxindoles were developed utilizing MIL-101(Cr) in SFRC and water as solvent respectively.
Advancements in capturing and mining mass spectrometry data are transforming natural products research
Authors: Jarmusch Scott A. , van der Hooft Justin J. J. , Dorrestein Pieter C. , Jarmusch Alan K.
Published: October 2021

This review covers the current and potential use of mass spectrometry-based metabolomics data mining in natural products. Public data, metadata, databases and data analysis tools are critical. The value and success of data mining rely on community participation.
Self-driving dynamic plasmonic colors based on needle steering for simultaneous control of transition direction and time on metallic nanogroove metasurfaces
Authors: He Xiaoping , Li Guozhou , Wu Dong
Published: October 2021

The direction-controllable and fast color transition is achieved simultaneously by utilizing a needle to direct the flow of water and gas pressure to drive water. The transition time is minimal for the metal materials so far.
Solvent-induced changes in the reactivity of tricyanate esters undergoing thermal polymerization
Authors: Galukhin Andrey , Nikolaev Ilya , Nosov Roman , Islamov Daut , Vyazovkin Sergey
Published: October 2021

The mechanism of thermally stimulated polymerization of tricyanate ester remains the same in solution as in the melt, but Arrhenius parameters of the rate-limiting reaction are significantly affected by solvation.
Designing self-propagating polymers with ultrasensitivity through feedback signal amplification
Authors: Tan Jiajia , Hu Jinming , Liu Shiyong
Published: October 2021

Stimuli-responsive polymers with self-propagating degradation capacity being sensitive to acids, bases, fluoride ions, and hydrogen peroxide are reviewed, exhibiting self-accelerated degradation behavior.
Mussel directed synthesis of SnO2/graphene oxide composite for energy storage
Authors: Chi Wenhao , Zou Zhaoyong , Wang Wenxuan , Wan Fuqiang , Ping Hang , Xie Jingjing , Wang Weimin , Fu Zhengyi
Published: October 2021

A SnO2/graphene oxide composite with a homogeneous microstructure and enhanced lithium storage performance is synthesized through a natural biological process in living mussels at room temperature.
Ultrasound-assisted lipid extractions, enriched with sterols and tetranortriterpenoids, fromCarapa guianensisseeds and the application of lipidomics using GC/MS
Authors: Silva dos Reis André , Santos Alberdan Silva , Francisco de Carvalho Gonçalves José
Published: October 2021

This study describes the optimized stages of lipid extraction assisted by ultrasound to increase the concentrations of limonoids and steroids from andiroba seeds, identified asCarapa guianensisAublet, and the lipidome analyzed by TLC and GC/MS.
Impact of type-1 collagen hydrogel density on integrin-linked morphogenic response of SH-SY5Y neuronal cells
Authors: Merryweather D. , Moxon S. R. , Capel A. J. , Hooper N. M. , Lewis M. P. , Roach P.
Published: October 2021

Cellular metabolism and behaviour is closely linked to cytoskeletal tension and scaffold mechanics.
Improving the electrochemical performance of cathode composites using different sized solid electrolytes for all solid-state lithium batteries
Authors: Rajagopal Rajesh , Subramanian Yuvaraj , Ryu Kwang-Sun
Published: October 2021

Improving the electrochemical performance of a cathode composite using different sized solid electrolytes for all-solid-state lithium batteries.
Electrochemical properties of an activated carbon xerogel monolith from resorcinol–formaldehyde for supercapacitor electrode applications
Authors: Huang Minhu , Yoo Seung Joon , Lee Jae-Suk , Yoon Tae-Ho
Published: October 2021

A monolithic carbon xerogel electrode for supercapacitors was prepared from resorcinol–formaldehyde, providing a specific capacitance of 323 F g−1via GCD at 1 A g−1 and 100% retention upon 5000 cycling tests.
Computational maturation of a single-domain antibody against Aβ42 aggregation
Authors: Lin Jiacheng , Figazzolo Chiara , Metrick Michael A. , Sormanni Pietro , Vendruscolo Michele
Published: October 2021

A computational maturation method enables the generation of an antibody variant with over 200-fold increased potency against the primary nucleation process in Aβ42 aggregation.
Coordination-bond-directed synthesis of hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks from metal–organic frameworks as templates
Authors: Su Jian , Yuan Shuai , Cheng Yi-Xun , Yang Zhi-Mei , Zuo Jing-Lin
Published: October 2021

The MOF-to-HOF transformation was realized in a single-crystal-to-single-crystal manner by the oxidation and hydration of the CuI center in CuI-TTFTB. The corbelled S⋯S and π⋯π interactions ensured the framework stability during transformation.
The effect of S427F mutation on RXRα activity depends on its dimeric partner
Authors: Galdadas Ioannis , Bonis Vangelis , Vgenopoulou Paraskevi , Papadourakis Michail , Kakoulidis Panos , Stergiou Georgia , Cournia Zoe , Klinakis Apostolos
Published: October 2021

A cancer-associated missense mutation in the nuclear receptor RXRα acts by allosteric mechanisms and impacts differently the activity of its dimers, depending on the dimerization partner.
Rhodium-catalysed ortho-alkynylation of nitroarenes
Authors: Tan Eric , Montesinos-Magraner Marc , García-Morales Cristina , Mayans Joan Guillem , Echavarren Antonio M.
Published: October 2021

Rh(iii)-catalyzed ortho-alkynylation of nitro-(hetero)arenes leads to a wide variety of alkynylated nitroarenes via a turnover-limiting electrophilic C–H ortho-metalation.
Inhibition of (dppf)nickel-catalysed Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling reactions by α-halo-N-heterocycles
Authors: Cooper Alasdair K. , Greaves Megan E. , Donohoe William , Burton Paul M. , Ronson Thomas O. , Kennedy Alan R. , Nelson David J.
Published: October 2021

Nickel complexes with a dppf ligand can form inactive dinickel(ii) complexes during Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling reactions. However, these complexes can react with Grignard reagents in Kumada–Tamao–Corriu cross-coupling reactions.
Understanding the role of axial O in CO2 electroreduction on NiN4 single-atom catalysts via simulations in realistic electrochemical environment
Authors: Hu Xu , Yao Sai , Chen Letian , Zhang Xu , Jiao Menggai , Lu Zhengyu , Zhou Zhen
Published: October 2021

By using the explicit solvent model, we demonstrated that the axial O atom could enhance the catalytic performance of NiN4 single-atom catalysts by facilitating CO2 activation with enhanced electron transfer and stabilizing effect.
Hydrogen sulfide in ageing, longevity and disease
Authors: Wilkie Stephen E. , Borland Gillian , Carter Roderick N. , Morton Nicholas M. , Selman Colin
Published: October 2021

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) modulates many biological processes, including ageing. Initially considered a hazardous toxic gas, it is now recognised that H2S is produced endogenously across taxa and is a key mediator of processes that promote longevity and improve late-life health. In this review, we consider the key developments in our understanding of this gaseous signalling molecule in the context of health and disease, discuss potential mechanisms through which H2S can influence processes central to ageing and highlight the emergence of novel H2S-based therapeutics. We also consider the major challenges that may potentially hinder the development of such therapies.
CNN‐combined graph residual network with multilevel feature fusion for hyperspectral image classification
Authors: Guo Wenhui , Xu Guixun , Liu Weifeng , Liu Baodi , Wang Yanjiang
Published: October 2021

The application of graph convolutional networks (GCN) in hyperspectral image (HSI) classification has become a promising method, thanks to its flexible convolution operation in any irregular image region. For the classification of HSI, GCN can extract more superpixel‐level features with a topological structure, in comparison to the traditional convolutional neural networks (CNNs) using fixed square kernels distilling pixel‐level features. To fully leverage the different levels of features, this study proposes a novel deep network referred to as a CNN‐combined graph residual network (GRN), which integrates the multilevel graph residual module and spectral‐spatial features continuous learning module. During the extraction of topology information using the former module, HSI pixels are divided into superpixels and served as input nodes of the module to reduce the computational complexity and obtain the multilevel spatial relevance between adjacent superpixels. Besides, for the latter module, the spectral‐spatial features are learnt continuously, which could obtain the finer pixel‐level features. Finally, the captured spectral‐spatial features of different levels are concatenated. This strategy could not only adequately utilize the correlation and difference of adjacent spatial but also obtain the finer and more valuable spectral‐spatial information, which makes a significant boost in the HSI classification. Additionally, the experiment results demonstrate the superiority and availability of the GRN on three benchmark datasets of HSI, compared with the state‐of‐the‐art methods for the classification of HSI.
The Fornax Cluster VLT Spectroscopic Survey
Authors: Napolitano N. R. , Gatto M. , Spiniello C. , Cantiello M. , Hilker M. , Arnaboldi M. , Tortora C. , Chaturvedi A. , D’Abrusco R. , Li R. , Paolillo M. , Peletier R. , Saifollahi T. , Spavone M. , Venhola A. , Capaccioli M. , Longo G.
Published: October 2021

Context. Substructures in stellar haloes are a strong prediction of galaxy formation models in ΛCDM. Cold streams such as those from small satellite galaxies are extremely difficult to detect and kinematically characterize. The COld STream finder Algorithm (COSTA) is a novel algorithm able to find streams in the phase space of planetary nebulae (PNe) and globular cluster (GC) populations. COSTA isolates groups of (N) particles with small velocity dispersion (between 10 km s−1 and ∼120 km s−1) using an iterative (n) sigma-clipping over a defined number of (k) neighbor particles.

Aims. We applied COSTA to a catalog of PNe and GCs from the Fornax Cluster VLT Spectroscopic Survey (FVSS) within ∼200 kpc from the cluster core in order to detect cold substructures and characterize their kinematics (mean velocity and velocity dispersion).

Methods. We selected more than 2000 PNe and GCs from the FVSS catalogs and adopted a series of optimized setups of the COSTA parameters based on Montecarlo simulations of the PN and GC populations to search for realistic stream candidates. We find 13 cold substructures with velocity dispersion ranging from ∼20 to ∼100 km s−1, which are likely associated either to large galaxies or to ultra-compact dwarf (UCD) galaxies in the Fornax core.

Results. The luminosities of these streams show a clear correlation with internal velocity dispersion, and their surface brightness correlates with their size and distance from the cluster center, which is compatible with the dissipative processes producing them. However, we cannot exclude that some of these substructures formed by violent relaxation of massive satellites that finally merged into the central galaxy. Among these substructures we have: (1) a stream connecting NGC 1387 to the central galaxy, NGC 1399, previously reported in the literature; (2) a new giant stream produced by the interaction of NGC 1382 with NGC 1380 and (possibly) NGC 1381; (3) a series of streams kinematically connected to nearby UCDs; and (4) clumps of tracers with no clear kinematical association to close cluster members.

Conclusions. We show evidence for a variety of cold substructures predicted in simulations. Most of the streams are kinematically connected to UCDs, supporting the scenario that they can be remnants of disrupted dwarf systems. However, we also show the presence of long coherent substructures connecting cluster members and isolated clumps of tracers possibly left behind by their parent systems before these merged into the central galaxy. Unfortunately, the estimated low-surface brightness of these streams does not allow us to find their signatures in the current imaging data and deeper observations are needed to confirm them.