bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association and Prediction Utilizing Craniocaudal and Mediolateral Oblique View Digital Mammography and Long-Term Breast Cancer Risk
Authors: Chen Simin , Tamimi Rulla M. , Colditz Graham A. , Jiang Shu
Published: July 2023

Mammographic percentage of volumetric density is an important risk factor for breast cancer. Epidemiology studies historically used film images often limited to craniocaudal (CC) views to estimate area-based breast density. More recent studies using digital mammography images typically use the averaged density between craniocaudal (CC) and mediolateral oblique (MLO) view mammography for 5- and 10-year risk prediction. The performance in using either and both mammogram views has not been well-investigated. We use 3,804 full-field digital mammograms from the Joanne Knight Breast Health Cohort (294 incident cases and 657 controls), to quantity the association between volumetric percentage of density extracted from either and both mammography views and to assess the 5 and 10-year breast cancer risk prediction performance. Our results show that the association between percent volumetric density from CC, MLO, and the average between the two, retain essentially the same association with breast cancer risk. The 5- and 10-year risk prediction also shows similar prediction accuracy. Thus, one view is sufficient to assess association and predict future risk of breast cancer over a 5 or 10-year interval.

Prevention Relevance:

Expanding use of digital mammography and repeated screening provides opportunities for risk assessment. To use these images for risk estimates and guide risk management in real time requires efficient processing. Evaluating the contribution of different views to prediction performance can guide future applications for risk management in routine care.
Rates of Intervention and Cancer Detection on Initial versus Subsequent Whole-body MRI Screening in Li-Fraumeni Syndrome
Authors: Kagami Laura A.T. , Du Yun K. , Fernandes Conrad J. , Le Anh N. , Good Madeline , Duvall Melani M. , Baldino Sarah E. , Powers Jacquelyn , Zelley Kristin , States Lisa J. , Mathew Manoj C. , Katona Bryson W. , MacFarland Suzanne P. , Maxwell Kara N.
Published: July 2023

Li-Fraumeni Syndrome (LFS) is a hereditary cancer predisposition syndrome with up to 90% lifetime cancer risk. Cancer screening, including annual whole-body MRI (WB-MRI), is recommended due to known survival advantage, with cancer detection rate of 7% on initial screening. Intervention and cancer detection rates on subsequent screenings are unknown. Clinical data for pediatric and adult patients with LFS (n = 182) were reviewed, including instances of WB-MRI screening and interventions based on screening results. For each WB-MRI screening, interventions including biopsy and secondary imaging, as well as rate of cancer diagnosis, were analyzed comparing initial versus subsequent WB-MRI. Of the total cohort (n = 182), we identified 68 adult patients and 50 pediatric patients who had undergone at least two WB-MRI screenings, with a mean of 3.8 ± 1.9 (adults) and 4.0 ± 2.1 (pediatric) screenings. Findings on initial screening led to an imaging or invasive intervention in 38% of adults and 20% of children. On follow up, overall intervention rates were lower for adults (19%, P = 0.0026) and stable for children (19%, P = NS). Thirteen cancers were detected overall (7% of adult and 14% of pediatric scans), on both initial (pediatric: 4%, adult: 3%) and subsequent (pediatric: 10%, adult: 6%) screenings. Rates of intervention after WB-MRI screening decreased significantly in adults between first and subsequent exams and remained stable in pediatric patients. Cancer detection rates were similar on screening (3%–4% initial, 6%–10% subsequent) for both children and adults. These findings provide important data for counseling patients with LFS about screening outcomes.

Prevention Relevance:

The cancer detection rate, burden of recommended interventions, and rate of false-positive findings found on subsequent WB-MRI screenings in patients with LFS are not well understood. Our findings suggest that annual WB-MRI screening has clinical utility and likely does not result in an unnecessary invasive intervention burden for patients.
TIME for Bugs: The Immune Microenvironment and Microbes in Precancer
Authors: Borthwick Bowen Mikayla , Helmink Beth A. , Wargo Jennifer A. , Yates Melinda S.
Published: July 2023

Major advances in our understanding of the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) in established cancer have been made, including the influence of host-intrinsic (host genomics) and -extrinsic factors (such as diet and the microbiome) on treatment response. Nonetheless, the immune and microbiome milieu across the spectrum of precancerous tissue and early neoplasia is a growing area of interest. There are emerging data describing the contribution of the immune microenvironment and microbiota on benign and premalignant tissues, with opportunities to target these factors in cancer prevention and interception. Throughout this review, we provide rationale for not only the critical need to further elucidate the premalignant immune microenvironment, but also for the utility of pharmacologic and lifestyle interventions to alter the immune microenvironment of early lesions to reverse carcinogenesis. Novel research methodologies, such as implementing spatial transcriptomics and proteomics, in combination with innovative sampling methods will advance precision targeting of the premalignant immune microenvironment. Additional studies defining the continuum of immune and microbiome evolution, which emerges in parallel with tumor development, will provide novel opportunities for cancer interception at the earliest steps in carcinogenesis.
Supplementary Table 2 from The MDM2–p53 Antagonist Brigimadlin (BI 907828) in Patients with Advanced or Metastatic Solid Tumors: Results of a Phase Ia, First-in-Human, Dose-Escalation Study
Authors: LoRusso Patricia , Yamamoto Noboru , Patel Manish R. , Laurie Scott A. , Bauer Todd M. , Geng Junxian , Davenport Teffany , Teufel Michael , Li Jian , Lahmar Mehdi , Gounder Mrinal M.
Published: July 2023

Most common any-cause adverse events by highest CTCAE grade with BI 907828 monotherapy
Supplementary Methods from The MDM2–p53 Antagonist Brigimadlin (BI 907828) in Patients with Advanced or Metastatic Solid Tumors: Results of a Phase Ia, First-in-Human, Dose-Escalation Study
Authors: LoRusso Patricia , Yamamoto Noboru , Patel Manish R. , Laurie Scott A. , Bauer Todd M. , Geng Junxian , Davenport Teffany , Teufel Michael , Li Jian , Lahmar Mehdi , Gounder Mrinal M.
Published: July 2023

Criteria for enrollment and dose-limiting toxicities
Supplementary Figure 2 from The MDM2–p53 Antagonist Brigimadlin (BI 907828) in Patients with Advanced or Metastatic Solid Tumors: Results of a Phase Ia, First-in-Human, Dose-Escalation Study
Authors: LoRusso Patricia , Yamamoto Noboru , Patel Manish R. , Laurie Scott A. , Bauer Todd M. , Geng Junxian , Davenport Teffany , Teufel Michael , Li Jian , Lahmar Mehdi , Gounder Mrinal M.
Published: July 2023

Time on treatment and PFS in all patients enrolled to phase Ia
Figure S2 from β-Catenin Drives Butyrophilin-like Molecule Loss and γδ T-cell Exclusion in Colon Cancer
Authors: Suzuki Toshiyasu , Kilbey Anna , Casa-Rodríguez Nuria , Lawlor Amy , Georgakopoulou Anastasia , Hayman Hannah , Yin Swe Kyi Lai , Nordin Anna , Cantù Claudio , Vantourout Pierre , Ridgway Rachel A. , Byrne Ryan M. , Chen Lei , Verzi Michael P. , Gay David M. , Gil Vázquez Ester , Belnoue-Davis Hayley L. , Gilroy Kathryn , Køstner Anne Helene , Kersten Christian , Thuwajit Chanitra , Andersen Ditte K. , Wiesheu Robert , Jandke Anett , Blyth Karen , Roseweir Antonia K. , Leedham Simon J. , Dunne Philip D. , Edwards Joanne , Hayday Adrian , Sansom Owen J. , Coffelt Seth B.
Published: July 2023

Deletion of Apc in organoids increases WNT target genes
Supplementary Figure S7 from Immunologic assessment of tumors from a race-matched military cohort identifies mast cell depletion as a marker of prostate cancer progression
Authors: Schafer Cara C. , Jiang Jiji , Elsamanoudi Sally , Nousome Darryl , Young Denise Y , Song Yingjie , Sesterhenn Isabell A , Chesnut Gregory T , Tan Shyh-Han
Published: July 2023

Supplementary Figure S7 shows non-significant relative cell type scores by Dx PSA Group.
Supplementary Figure S5 from Immunologic assessment of tumors from a race-matched military cohort identifies mast cell depletion as a marker of prostate cancer progression
Authors: Schafer Cara C. , Jiang Jiji , Elsamanoudi Sally , Nousome Darryl , Young Denise Y , Song Yingjie , Sesterhenn Isabell A , Chesnut Gregory T , Tan Shyh-Han
Published: July 2023

Supplementary Figure S5 shows non-significant relative cell type scores by metastasis status.
Supplementary Figure S4 from Immunologic assessment of tumors from a race-matched military cohort identifies mast cell depletion as a marker of prostate cancer progression
Authors: Schafer Cara C. , Jiang Jiji , Elsamanoudi Sally , Nousome Darryl , Young Denise Y , Song Yingjie , Sesterhenn Isabell A , Chesnut Gregory T , Tan Shyh-Han
Published: July 2023

Supplementary Figure S4 shows non-significant relative cell type scores by GG.
Supplementary Figure S2 from Immunologic assessment of tumors from a race-matched military cohort identifies mast cell depletion as a marker of prostate cancer progression
Authors: Schafer Cara C. , Jiang Jiji , Elsamanoudi Sally , Nousome Darryl , Young Denise Y , Song Yingjie , Sesterhenn Isabell A , Chesnut Gregory T , Tan Shyh-Han
Published: July 2023

Supplementary Figure S2 shows non-significant relative cell type scores by race.
Supplementary Figure S1 from Immunologic assessment of tumors from a race-matched military cohort identifies mast cell depletion as a marker of prostate cancer progression
Authors: Schafer Cara C. , Jiang Jiji , Elsamanoudi Sally , Nousome Darryl , Young Denise Y , Song Yingjie , Sesterhenn Isabell A , Chesnut Gregory T , Tan Shyh-Han
Published: July 2023

Supplementary Figure S1 shows differentially expressed gene pathways in AA tumors.
TABLE 2 from Phase Ib/II Study of a Liposomal Formulation of Eribulin (E7389-LF) plus Nivolumab in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors: Results from Phase Ib
Authors: Ida Hanae , Shimizu Toshio , Nishino Makoto , Nakamura Yoshiaki , Yazaki Shu , Katsuya Yuki , Sato Jun , Koyama Takafumi , Iwasa Satoru , Sudo Kazuki , Kondo Shunsuke , Yonemori Kan , Shitara Kohei , Shiono Satoshi , Matsuoka Daiko , Yasuda Keisuke , Otake Yohei , Suzuki Takuya , Takase Takao , Takashima Shuya , Yamaguchi Kohei , Semba Taro , Yamamoto Noboru
Published: July 2023

Treatment-related TEAEs in ≥10% of all patients and all grade 3–4 treatment-related TEAEs
Supplementary Table 7 from Phase Ib/II Study of a Liposomal Formulation of Eribulin (E7389-LF) plus Nivolumab in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors: Results from Phase Ib
Authors: Ida Hanae , Shimizu Toshio , Nishino Makoto , Nakamura Yoshiaki , Yazaki Shu , Katsuya Yuki , Sato Jun , Koyama Takafumi , Iwasa Satoru , Sudo Kazuki , Kondo Shunsuke , Yonemori Kan , Shitara Kohei , Shiono Satoshi , Matsuoka Daiko , Yasuda Keisuke , Otake Yohei , Suzuki Takuya , Takase Takao , Takashima Shuya , Yamaguchi Kohei , Semba Taro , Yamamoto Noboru
Published: July 2023

Supplementary Table 7. Tumor Biomarkers: Assessment of Immune Phenotypes
Supplementary Table 6 from Phase Ib/II Study of a Liposomal Formulation of Eribulin (E7389-LF) plus Nivolumab in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors: Results from Phase Ib
Authors: Ida Hanae , Shimizu Toshio , Nishino Makoto , Nakamura Yoshiaki , Yazaki Shu , Katsuya Yuki , Sato Jun , Koyama Takafumi , Iwasa Satoru , Sudo Kazuki , Kondo Shunsuke , Yonemori Kan , Shitara Kohei , Shiono Satoshi , Matsuoka Daiko , Yasuda Keisuke , Otake Yohei , Suzuki Takuya , Takase Takao , Takashima Shuya , Yamaguchi Kohei , Semba Taro , Yamamoto Noboru
Published: July 2023

Supplementary Table 6. Analyses of Median Changes in Plasma Protein Expression of Biomarker Analytes From Baseline to C1D8 and C1D15 in All Dosing Cohorts
Supplementary Table 2 from Phase Ib/II Study of a Liposomal Formulation of Eribulin (E7389-LF) plus Nivolumab in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors: Results from Phase Ib
Authors: Ida Hanae , Shimizu Toshio , Nishino Makoto , Nakamura Yoshiaki , Yazaki Shu , Katsuya Yuki , Sato Jun , Koyama Takafumi , Iwasa Satoru , Sudo Kazuki , Kondo Shunsuke , Yonemori Kan , Shitara Kohei , Shiono Satoshi , Matsuoka Daiko , Yasuda Keisuke , Otake Yohei , Suzuki Takuya , Takase Takao , Takashima Shuya , Yamaguchi Kohei , Semba Taro , Yamamoto Noboru
Published: July 2023

Supplementary Table 2. Representativeness of Study Patients
Supplementary Figure 2 from Phase Ib/II Study of a Liposomal Formulation of Eribulin (E7389-LF) plus Nivolumab in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors: Results from Phase Ib
Authors: Ida Hanae , Shimizu Toshio , Nishino Makoto , Nakamura Yoshiaki , Yazaki Shu , Katsuya Yuki , Sato Jun , Koyama Takafumi , Iwasa Satoru , Sudo Kazuki , Kondo Shunsuke , Yonemori Kan , Shitara Kohei , Shiono Satoshi , Matsuoka Daiko , Yasuda Keisuke , Otake Yohei , Suzuki Takuya , Takase Takao , Takashima Shuya , Yamaguchi Kohei , Semba Taro , Yamamoto Noboru
Published: July 2023

S2. Linear (A) and Semi-logarithmic (B) Plasma Concentration Profiles of Eribulin After Administration of E7389-LF.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Phase Ib/II Study of a Liposomal Formulation of Eribulin (E7389-LF) plus Nivolumab in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors: Results from Phase Ib
Authors: Ida Hanae , Shimizu Toshio , Nishino Makoto , Nakamura Yoshiaki , Yazaki Shu , Katsuya Yuki , Sato Jun , Koyama Takafumi , Iwasa Satoru , Sudo Kazuki , Kondo Shunsuke , Yonemori Kan , Shitara Kohei , Shiono Satoshi , Matsuoka Daiko , Yasuda Keisuke , Otake Yohei , Suzuki Takuya , Takase Takao , Takashima Shuya , Yamaguchi Kohei , Semba Taro , Yamamoto Noboru
Published: July 2023

S1. Box-and-Whisker Plot of Neutrophil Measurements During Cycle 1 for the (A) Q3W and (B) Q2W Dosing Groups.
FIGURE 3 from Phase Ib/II Study of a Liposomal Formulation of Eribulin (E7389-LF) plus Nivolumab in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors: Results from Phase Ib
Authors: Ida Hanae , Shimizu Toshio , Nishino Makoto , Nakamura Yoshiaki , Yazaki Shu , Katsuya Yuki , Sato Jun , Koyama Takafumi , Iwasa Satoru , Sudo Kazuki , Kondo Shunsuke , Yonemori Kan , Shitara Kohei , Shiono Satoshi , Matsuoka Daiko , Yasuda Keisuke , Otake Yohei , Suzuki Takuya , Takase Takao , Takashima Shuya , Yamaguchi Kohei , Semba Taro , Yamamoto Noboru
Published: July 2023

Analyses of changes in key biomarkers from baseline to C1D8 in all dosing cohorts (A) and from C1D1 to C2D1 in the E7389-LF 2.1 mg/m2 every-3-weeks cohort (B). Boxes indicate the median and quartiles, the whiskers represent the largest or smallest values within 1.5 times the interquartile range, and * denotes an unadjusted P value of < 0.05 (Wilcoxon signed-rank test); the diamond shape ◊ denotes outlier. Biomarkers also known as: aTEK; bCXCL10. CXCL, C-X-C motif chemokine ligand; C#, cycle; D#, day #; IP10, IFNγ-induced protein 10; Q#W, every # week; TEK, TEK receptor tyrosine kinase; TIE2, tyrosine kinase immunoglobulin and EGF homology domains 2.
Data from Phase Ib/II Study of a Liposomal Formulation of Eribulin (E7389-LF) plus Nivolumab in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors: Results from Phase Ib
Authors: Ida Hanae , Shimizu Toshio , Nishino Makoto , Nakamura Yoshiaki , Yazaki Shu , Katsuya Yuki , Sato Jun , Koyama Takafumi , Iwasa Satoru , Sudo Kazuki , Kondo Shunsuke , Yonemori Kan , Shitara Kohei , Shiono Satoshi , Matsuoka Daiko , Yasuda Keisuke , Otake Yohei , Suzuki Takuya , Takase Takao , Takashima Shuya , Yamaguchi Kohei , Semba Taro , Yamamoto Noboru
Published: July 2023

Purpose:
To determine a recommended dose of liposomal eribulin (E7389-LF) in combination with nivolumab in patients with advanced solid tumors, and to evaluate the safety, efficacy, pharmacokinetics, and biomarker impact of this regimen.
Experimental Design:
 Japanese patients with advanced, nonresectable, or recurrent solid tumors and no existing alternative standard/effective therapy (except nivolumab monotherapy) were assigned to either E7389-LF 1.7 mg/m2 plus nivolumab 360 mg every 3 weeks, E7389-LF 2.1 mg/m2 plus nivolumab 360 mg every 3 weeks, E7389-LF 1.1 mg/m2 plus nivolumab 240 mg every 2 weeks, or E7389-LF 1.4 mg/m2 plus nivolumab 240 mg every 2 weeks. Primary objectives were to evaluate the safety/tolerability of each dose cohort and to determine the recommended phase II dose (RP2D). Secondary/exploratory objectives, including safety [dose-limiting toxicities (DLT) and adverse events (AE)], pharmacokinetics, efficacy [including objective response rate (ORR)], and biomarker results were used in determining the RP2D.
Results:
 Twenty-five patients were enrolled to treatment [E7389-LF 1.7 mg/mg2 every 3 weeks (n = 6), E7389-LF 2.1 mg/m2 every 3 weeks (n = 6), E7389-LF 1.1 mg/m2 every 2 weeks (n = 7), E7389-LF 1.4 mg/m2 every 2 weeks (n = 6)]. Twenty-four patients were evaluated for DLTs, of whom 3 had DLTs (1 at E7389-LF 1.7 mg/m2 every 3 weeks, 1 at 1.1 mg/m2 every 2 weeks, and 1 at 1.4 mg/m2 every 2 weeks). All patients had ≥1 treatment-related treatment-emergent AE (TEAE); 68.0% had ≥1 grade 3–4 treatment-related TEAE. Changes in vasculature and IFN-related biomarkers were seen in each cohort. The overall ORR was 16%.
Conclusions:
E7389-LF plus nivolumab was tolerable overall; the recommended dose for future study was 2.1 mg/m2 plus nivolumab 360 mg every 3 weeks.
Significance:
This phase Ib part of a phase Ib/II study assessed the tolerability and activity of a liposomal formulation of eribulin (E7389-LF) plus nivolumab in 25 patients with advanced solid tumors. The combination was tolerable overall; 4 patients had a partial response. Vasculature and immune-related biomarker levels increased, suggesting vascular remodeling.
The Relationship between Immersion and Psychophysiological Indicators
Authors: Hébert-Lavoie Maxence , Ozell Benoît , Doyon-Poulin Philippe
Published: July 2023

Psychophysiological indicators have garnered significant interest in the assessment of presence. However, despite this interest, the nature of the relationship between psychophysiological indicators and presence factors remains undetermined. Presence, the perceived realness of a mediated or virtual experience, is modulated by two factors: immersion and coherence. Immersion represents the extent and precision of the simulated sensory modalities, while coherence refers to the environment's ability to behave as expected by the user. To study the relationship between psychophysiological indicators and presence factors, we objectively manipulated immersion by altering three visual qualities. The visual qualities were set to values above, at, or below their functional threshold. These thresholds are defined as a perceptual boundary under which a sensory quality value should be considered functionally degraded. Sixty participants performed a driving task in a virtual environment under the aforementioned conditions, while we measured their cardiovascular and eye responses. We found that degraded immersion conditions yielded significantly different psychophysiological indicator results than the condition without degradation. However, we observed an effect of immersion degradation on our measured variables only when the visual conditions were set below the functional threshold. Manipulations of immersion below the functional threshold introduced unreasonable circumstances which modified our participants' behavior. Thus, our findings suggest a direct impact of immersion on coherence and highlight the sensitivity of psychophysiological indicators to the coherence of a virtual environment. These results have theoretical implications, as a presence concepts relationship model should include the direct impact of immersion on coherence.
Exploring the Usability of Phone-Based Virtual Reality in Management-Communication Training
Authors: Zielke Marjorie , Zakhidov Djakhangir , Prasad Shringarpure Malavika , DeFries Erik , Avila Rudy , Keul Jacob , Carpenter Turner Dean , Hargrove Stacy , Bateman Sabrina , Young Christopher
Published: July 2023

Phone-based virtual reality (VR) is a potentially important delivery medium for management communication training, particularly as hybrid work environments create the need for new ways to deliver training experiences where students can role-play and practice privately with virtual employees. However, few studies have focused on the viability of delivering phone-based VR, particularly in terms of understandability and usability. In this preliminary case study, we utilize a proxy group of business school students and study their ability to assemble, navigate, and complete a training module using a phone-based VR system that focuses on management communication training. Overall, the system obtained an excellent mean rating on a common standardized instrument, the System Usability Scale (SUS), and other measures. We also detail concerns of a small but important participant group who gave the system less favorable ratings and delineate modifications that may be appropriate for the intended audience, Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) employees.
Regimes of Convective Self-Aggregation in Convection-Permitting Beta-Plane Simulations
Authors: Carstens Jacob D. , Wing Allison A.
Published: July 2023

The spontaneous self-aggregation (SA) of convection in idealized model experiments highlights the importance of interactions between tropical convection and the surrounding environment. The authors have shown that SA fundamentally changes with the background rotation in previous f-plane simulations, in terms of both the resulting forms of organized convection and the relative roles of the physical feedbacks driving them. This study considers the dependence of SA on rotation in one large domain on the β plane, introducing an additional layer of complexity. Simulations are performed with uniform thermal forcing and explicit convection. Focuses include statistical and structural analysis of the convective modes, process-oriented diagnostics of how they develop, and resulting mean states. Two regimes of SA emerge within the first 15 days, separated by a critical zone where f is analogous to 10°–15° latitude. Organized convection at near-equatorial values of f primarily consists of convectively coupled Kelvin waves. Wind speed–surface enthalpy flux feedbacks are the dominant process driving moisture variability early on, then clear-sky shortwave radiative feedbacks are strongest in wave maintenance. In contrast, at higher f, numerous tropical cyclones develop and coexist, dominated by surface flux and longwave processes. Tropical cyclogenesis is most pronounced at intermediate f (analogous to 25°–40°), but are longer-lived at higher f. The resulting modes of SA at low f differ between these β-plane simulations (convectively coupled waves) and prior f-plane simulations (weak tropical cyclones or nonrotating clusters). Otherwise, these results provide further evidence for the changing roles of radiative, surface flux, and advective processes in influencing SA as f changes, as found in our previous study.

Significance Statement

In model simulations, convection often self-organizes due to interactions with its surrounding environment. These interactions are relevant in the real-world organization of rainfall and clouds, and may thus be useful to understand for improved prediction of tropical weather and climate. Previous work using a set of simple model experiments with constant Coriolis force showed that at different latitudes, different processes dominate, and different types of organized convection result. This study verifies that finding using a more complex and realistic model, where the Coriolis force varies within the domain to resemble different latitudes. Specifically, the convection here self-organizes into atmospheric waves (periodic disturbances) at low latitudes, and tropical cyclones at high latitudes.
A review on simulation-based metamodeling in emergency healthcare: methodology, applications, and future challenges
Authors: Sahlaoui Fatima-Zahra , Aboueljinane Lina , Lebbar Maria
Published: July 2023

Simulation-based metamodels or surrogate models are simplified models that capture the relationship between inputs and outputs of the simulation model. The analytical expression of metamodels is defined using a sample of input/output points obtained from the simulation model. This analytical expression is then embedded in an optimization process that usually provides solutions much faster than other simulation-based optimization techniques such as metaheuristics or mathematical modeling. The goal of this paper is to describe the simulation-based metamodeling approach and to provide a thorough review of the literature on its applications to emergency healthcare systems. For this purpose, we examine the recent literature (journals and conference proceedings) published in the last 15 years (2008–2022). Finally, we identify findings and avenues of research in simulation-based metamodeling that deserve special attention from the scientific community and allow the potential of this approach to be used for better decision-making in emergency healthcare.
Iteration learning control for 2D linear discrete systems with randomly varying trail lengths
Authors: Li Qian , Han Yu-Qun , Xing Jian-Min
Published: July 2023

This paper considers the problem of randomly varying trial lengths of a class of two-dimensional (2D) linear systems represented by Roesser model, and two new iterative learning control (ILC) schemes are proposed. One is a conventional P-type control rule with a modified tracking error; the other is an ILC law with an iteration-average operator. Both learning control schemes are developed by a 2D stochastic variable to describe varying trial lengths. Under the Bernoulli distribution assumption and the initial state conditions, the convergence analysis is performed rigorously in the probability sense. Finally, illustrative examples have been provided to verify the theoretical results.
Asymmetric Effects of Holding Power Versus Status: Implications for Motivation and Group Dynamics
Authors: Choi Ji Sok , Hong Seungbeom , Na Jinkyung , Kim Bo Kyung
Published: July 2023

Although extant research suggests that power without status, but not status without power, induces interpersonal conflict, we are yet to fully understand the asymmetric effects of holding power or status on psychological processes and group functioning. The present research attempts to fill this gap by arguing that holding power would heighten the motivation for status, whereas holding status may not necessarily have an equivalent effect on the motivation for power. We further proposed that power–status misalignment within a group would lead powerholders to be competitive toward statusholders due to heightened status motive and (upon failure to attain status) invest less in their group due to greater emotional distress. Across four (and one Supplemental) studies, we found support for our hypotheses. Our findings not only shed further light on the interactive effects of power and status, but also help better explain why power without status is particularly related to negative outcomes.
The Help-Seeking Paradox: Gender and the Consequences of Using Career Reentry Assistance
Authors: Melin Julia L.
Published: July 2023

This article examines how penalizing men who “do gender” in nonstereotypical ways ultimately maintains the gender system. Leveraging data from an online survey experiment conducted with hiring decision-makers, I develop and test a theory of a help-seeking paradox whereby managers are less likely to interview and hire fathers who used career reentry assistance (CRA) relative to fathers who did not. However, this penalty does not emerge for mothers. A second online survey experiment reveals that two years of full-time employment after reentry diminishes the negative effects of CRA for fathers. Nonetheless, lingering stigma from having previously left paid work for childcare continues to disadvantage fathers relative to mothers, with perceptions of competence and commitment mediating long-term effects. These studies demonstrate how the reinforcement of cultural gender rules punishes both mothers and fathers seeking more equitable career coordination while providing novel insight into the boundaries of penalties for men who violate gender stereotypes.
Productive and hazardous: Investing in families in social policy
Authors: Hajek Katharina
Published: July 2023

Social investment has gained increasing prominence in family policy reform. It has also been widely criticised from a feminist and social justice perspective. This article examines how the meaning of the family changes when it is seen as a site of investment. Using a discourse-analytical approach and focusing on agenda setting policy documents of Germany's ‘sustainable family policy’ this is explored in four dimensions: the extension and simultaneous narrowing of the meaning of family; the articulation of new gendered subjectivities; a redefinition of the boundaries between the family and the state; and new modes of differentiation between families according to their ability to ‘produce’ human capital. I argue that the traditional family loses its role as a normative reference point and is increasingly framed as a production site of human capital. Hence, more critical engagement with social and racialized inequalities, which are implied in these discourses, is necessary.
Education modalities for serious illness communication training: A scoping review on the impact on clinician behavior and patient outcomes
Authors: Lavecchia Melissa , Myers Jeff , Bainbridge Daryl , Incardona Nadia , Levine Oren , Steinberg Leah , Schep Daniel , Vautour Joanna , Kumar Shilpa Jyothi , Seow Hsien
Published: July 2023

Background:

Several clinician training interventions have been developed in the past decade to address serious illness communication. While numerous studies report on clinician attitudes and confidence, little is reported on individual education modalities and their impact on actual behavior change and patient outcomes.

Aim:

To examine what is known about the education modalities used in serious illness communication training and their impact on clinician behaviors and patient outcomes.

Design:

A scoping review using the Joanna Briggs Methods Manual for Scoping Reviews was conducted to examine studies measuring clinician behaviors or patient outcomes.

Data sources:

Ovid MEDLINE and EMBASE databases were searched for English-language studies published between January 2011 and March 2023.

Results:

The search identified 1317 articles: 76 met inclusion criteria describing 64 unique interventions. Common education modalities used were: single workshop ( n = 29), multiple workshops ( n = 11), single workshop with coaching ( n = 7), and multiple workshops with coaching ( n = 5); though they were inconsistently structured. Studies reporting improved clinician skills tended to be in simulation settings with neither clinical practice nor patient outcomes explored. While some studies reported behavior changes or improved patient outcomes, they did not necessarily confirm improvements in clinician skills. As multiple modalities were commonly used and often embedded within quality improvement initiatives, the impact of individual modalities could not be determined.

Conclusion:

This scoping review of serious illness communication interventions found heterogeneity among education modalities used and limited evidence supporting their effectiveness in impacting patient-centered outcomes and long-term clinician skill acquisition. Well-defined educational modalities and consistent measures of behavior change and standard patient-centered outcomes are needed.
Acquiesce, Compromise, or Avoid? Collaboration, Coordination, & Cooperation as Different Strategic Responses to Institutional Pressures
Authors: Sedgwick Donna , Lemaire Robin Hargroder
Published: July 2023

Collaboration is often touted as the ideal interorganizational relationship (IOR) to tackle many challenging social problems; however, collaboration is just one of many types of IORs that public managers can undertake. This article presents public managers’ decisions to cooperate, coordinate, or collaborate with program partners as strategic responses of avoiding, compromising, or acquiescing, respectively. We argue that perceptions of coercive, normative, and mimetic pressures influence the likelihood to undertake different IORs; specifically, as managers experience combined isomorphic pressures, they are more likely to acquiesce and collaborate with program partners. Findings from our qualitative study of federal and state preschool programs in Virginia, USA reveal that as managers perceive additional pressures they are more likely to pursue more involved IORs. Unexpectedly, we find that cooperators perceive few isomorphic pressures, and we also find that perceived deterrent isomorphic pressures distinguish coordinators from collaborators. These findings offer insight about how organizational field pressures can affect strategic IOR responses.
Analysis of Pulpal Stress in Varied Orthodontic Tooth Movements at Different Bone Levels: A Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Kathia Rakshita , Singla Anshul , Singh Vishal , Puri Amrita
Published: July 2023

Aim

To analyze the pulpal stress in varied orthodontic tooth movements at ideal force levels and different bone levels, and compare any differences in pulpal stress values between anterior and posterior teeth.

Materials and Methods

Four Finite Element Method models of incisor and molar teeth were simulated with normal bone height and 50% bone height. Each of these models was loaded with five different types of orthodontic tooth movements—Tipping, Translation, Intrusion, Extrusion, and Rotation. The ideal force levels simulated for each type of tooth movement were: Intrusion-20 g, Extrusion-60 g, Tipping-60 g, Translation-120 g, Rotation-60 g. The pulpal stress was evaluated at three levels—pulp chamber, pulp canal, and below root apex, so that we get three values of pulpal stress for anterior and posterior teeth, for each type of tooth movement and its corresponding force level.

Results

The results showed that in both incisor and molar models with normal bone height as well as 50% bone height, rotation gave the highest pulpal stress while translation gave the least. In both incisor and molar models with normal bone height as well as 50% bone height, pulpal stress was found out to be highest in the root apex region of the tooth. The stress values for incisor and molar models with 50% bone height were found to be almost double that of the models with normal bone height. The pulpal stress for incisor teeth was found to be greater than the molar teeth for all types of tooth movement.

Conclusion

The present findings indicate that the stress manifested below the root apex is highest. Rotational movements induce the highest stress and translational forces develop the lowest stress related to the physiologic capillary blood pressure. Furthermore, in situations with reduced periodontium, lower forces are needed to reach the maximum tolerable stress compared with teeth with intact periodontium.
Bayesian Global Optimization Gated Recurrent Unit Model for Human-Driven Vehicle Lane-Change Trajectory Prediction Considering Hyperparameter Optimization
Authors: Hu Xinghua , Chen Shanzhi , Zhao Jiahao , Cao Yanshi , Wang Ran , Zhang Tingting , Long Bing , Xu Yimei , Chen Xinghui , Zheng Mintanyu , Guo Jianpu
Published: July 2023

To address the low accuracy and inefficiency of current lane-change trajectory prediction methods for human-driven vehicles, this study develops a neural network lane-change trajectory prediction model with hyperparametric optimization capability using Bayesian optimization and gated recurrent units to consider the effect of lane-change intention on vehicle lane-change behavior and to predict it. The proposed model was instantiated using trajectory data of 8,721 vehicles. The results show that the overall recognition accuracy of intention recognition under the optimal input is 93.54%, and the recognition accuracy of keeping straight, left lane-change and right lane-change is 95.59%, 91.72%, and 93.30%, respectively. The root mean square errors of the predicted and actual trajectories to the left and to the right under the optimal input are 0.2582 and 0.2957, respectively. This paper demonstrates that, for the intention recognition module, the low-dimensional input enables the model to obtain high prediction accuracy, while for the trajectory prediction module, the high-latitude input enables the model to obtain a low prediction error. The developed trajectory prediction model can be used to assist in driving decision-making, path planning, and so forth.
Service Quality of Inland Electronic Navigational Charts on the Yangtze River
Authors: Chen Yinan , Ren Fu , Du Qingyun , Yang Pinfu , Yang Baocen , Xu Shuo , He Taotao
Published: July 2023

As a golden waterway in China, the Yangtze River is one of the busiest waterways in the world. The Changjiang Waterway Bureau has made inland electronic navigational charts (I-ENC) of the Yangtze River from Yibin to Liuhekou. It assists ships in safe navigation and provides information on waterway elements for analysis and prediction. Compared with traditional navigation and information methods, ENCs better promote the safety and efficiency of inland waterway navigation, thereby protecting the environment. The primary tool of this study is the questionnaire, including the basic information, business services, data services, available services, and product services of the Yangtze River I-ENC. This study analyzed the questionnaire combined with on-the-spot investigation, focusing on understanding respondents’ current views on the Yangtze River I-ENC to improve service quality. A total of 885 respondents completed the questionnaire from June 2021 to August 2021. The results show that the Yangtze River I-ENC mainly expands related products, such as Electronic Chart Display and Information System (ECDIS), mobile application, WeChat small program, internet online navigational charts, and paper navigational charts. Mobile application is the most popular among respondents. The primary purpose of I-ENC at the present stage is to assist navigation and improve navigation safety.
Happy Birthday “One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest”: A Momentous Tale in the Quest for an Effective and Ethical Approach to Psychosurgery
Authors: Stip E. , Javaid S. F. , Abdel Aziz K. , Arnone D.
Published: July 2023

The anniversary of the publication of 'One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest' by Ken Kesey offers an opportunity for reflection on the use of neurosurgery in psychiatry. We used a narrative, historical and dialectical method to deliver an account of the controversial subject. A balanced representation of the negative and positive aspects, acknowledging some of the questionable ethical practices while describing well-reasoned applications is provided. It includes neurosurgeons, psychiatrists who have embraced these procedures with unwarranted enthusiasm and those who have opposed. Neurosurgical techniques for the treatment of severe mental disorders have evolved from rudimentary procedures which were used to ‘correct' unwanted behaviours associated with a wide range of severe mental disorders to more refined and selective approaches used as a last resort to treat specific mental health conditions. In the absence of specific aetiological models to guide ablative surgical targets, non-ablative, stimulatory techniques have more recently been developed to allow reversibility when surgical treatment fails to obtain a sizeable improvement in quality of life. The subject is concretely illustrated by two eloquent clinical images: one on a series of brain computed tomography scans carried out on a Canadian population of subjects, who underwent leukotomy decades ago, and the other more contemporary on an implantation surgery to epidural stimulation. Alongside technical advances in psychosurgery, a regulatory framework has gradually developed to ensure vigilance in the appropriateness of patients’ selection. Nevertheless, harmonisation of protocols around the world is necessary to ensure consistency in obtaining and maintaining the highest possible ethical standards for the benefit of patients. If the neurosciences promise today, in their new, better framed, and reversible applications, to provide answers to unmet therapeutic needs, we still must remain attentive to drifts linked the introduction of intrusive technologies for purposes of domination or behaviour modification that would impede our individual freedom.
Fat Liberation: How Social Workers Can Incorporate Fat Activism to Promote Care and Justice
Authors: Sorensen Brianna L. , Krings Amy
Published: July 2023

Despite serious health and mental health problems associated with weight stigma and dieting, many health providers consider intentional weight loss to be a positive pro-health intervention. Alternatively, the fat activist movement challenges weight prejudice and advocates for the equitable treatment of individuals with diverse body types. Inspired by the work of fat activists, this article encourages social work educators and practitioners to critically deconstruct anti-fat social norms and to integrate body-positive interventions within micro, mezzo, and macro practice. Fat activism complements critical feminist, queer, and disability justice frameworks that are relevant to this special issue on critical feminist inquiry.
Monitoring Looting at Cultural Heritage Sites: Applying Deep Learning on Optical Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Data as a Solution
Authors: Altaweel Mark , Khelifi Adel , Shana’ah Mohammad Maher
Published: July 2023

The looting of cultural heritage sites has been a growing problem and threatens national economies, social identity, destroys research potential, and traumatizes communities. For many countries, the challenge in protecting heritage is that there are often too few resources, particularly paid site guards, while sites can also be in remote locations. Here, we develop a new approach that applies deep learning methods to detect the presence of looting at heritage sites using optical imagery from unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). We present results that demonstrate the accuracy, precision, and recall of our approach. Results show that optical UAV data can be an easy way for authorities to monitor heritage sites, demonstrating the utility of deep learning in aiding the protection of heritage sites by automating the detection of any new damage to sites. We discuss the impact and potential for deep learning to be used as a tool for the protection of heritage sites. How the approach could be improved with new data is also discussed. Additionally, the code and data used are provided as part of the outputs.
Teleology and Consequentialism in Christian Ethics: Goods, Ends, Outcomes
Authors: Darr Ryan
Published: July 2023

In his widely read book, Five Types of Ethical Theory (1930), C.D. Broad introduced the distinction between two approaches to ethics: teleology and deontology. In the second half of the twentieth century, these terms found their way into Christian ethics, giving rise to a problem. Christian ethics seems to be straightforwardly teleological, but it also seems to be straightforwardly deontological. In this article, I argue that the problem is largely a product of the way teleology is construed: the ends in teleological ethics are implicitly assumed to be outcomes or states of affairs. I demonstrate the point through a reading of both the early philosophical sources and the more recent works of Charles Camosy and John Perry. I then argue that major sources in the Christian tradition, including those used by Camosy and Perry, are better understood as offering a more expansive picture of teleology in which ends are not always outcomes or states of affairs. I conclude by arguing that this more expansive picture of teleology resolves some important problems that have plagued debates about teleology and deontology in Christian ethics.
DQN regenerative braking control strategy based on adaptive weight coefficients
Authors: Yin Yanli , Zhang Xinxin , Zhan Sen , Ma Shenpeng , Huang Xuejiang , Wang Fuzhen
Published: July 2023

Aiming at the problems existing in regenerative braking control strategy based on Q-learning which include the dimensional disaster of state and action variables discretization and the return function weight coefficient determined empirically. This paper proposes deep Q-learning network (DQN) regenerative braking control strategy based on adaptive weight coefficients. Firstly, braking performance evaluation indexes are determined which are braking energy recovery efficiency and braking stability coefficient. Then, the state and action variables and return function are constructed respectively. Therein the braking demand power and state of charge ( SOC) are taken as state variables, braking torque proportional coefficient, and weight coefficients are taken as action variables. And return function is formulated by trading off braking energy recovery efficiency and braking stability. Finally, using the MATLAB/Simulink software, the simulation model of real working condition in Yubei district of Chongqing is established. The simulation results show that braking recovery efficiency of the proposed strategy is 7.4% higher than that of Q-learning strategy, and the average braking stability coefficient is decreased by 0.08. The results indicate the proposed strategy can better balance between braking energy recovery efficiency and braking stability than the conventional strategy.
The implication of oversampling on the effectiveness of force signals in the fault detection of endodontic instruments during RCT
Authors: Thakur Vinod Singh , Kankar Pavan Kumar , Parey Anand , Jain Arpit , Jain Prashant Kumar
Published: July 2023

This work provides an innovative endodontic instrument fault detection methodology during root canal treatment (RCT). Sometimes, an endodontic instrument is prone to fracture from the tip, for causes uncertain the dentist’s control. A comprehensive assessment and decision support system for an endodontist may avoid several breakages. This research proposes a machine learning and artificial intelligence-based approach that can help to diagnose instrument health. During the RCT, force signals are recorded using a dynamometer. From the acquired signals, statistical features are extracted. Because there are fewer instances of the minority class (i.e. faulty/moderate class), oversampling of datasets is required to avoid bias and overfitting. Therefore, the synthetic minority oversampling technique (SMOTE) is employed to increase the minority class. Further, evaluating the performance using the machine learning techniques, namely Gaussian Naïve Bayes (GNB), quadratic support vector machine (QSVM), fine k-nearest neighbor (FKNN), and ensemble bagged tree (EBT). The EBT model provides excellent performance relative to the GNB, QSVM, and FKNN. Machine learning (ML) algorithms can accurately detect endodontic instruments’ faults by monitoring the force signals. The EBT and FKNN classifier is trained exceptionally well with an area under curve values of 1.0 and 0.99 and prediction accuracy of 98.95 and 97.56%, respectively. ML can potentially enhance clinical outcomes, boost learning, decrease process malfunctions, increase treatment efficacy, and enhance instrument performance, contributing to superior RCT processes. This work uses ML methodologies for fault detection of endodontic instruments, providing practitioners with an adequate decision support system.