bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
InAs on GaAs Photodetectors Using Thin InAlAs Graded Buffers and Their Application to Exceeding Short-Wave Infrared Imaging at 300 K
Authors: Kang Soo Seok , Geum Dae-Myeong , Kwak Kisung , Kang Ji-Hoon , Shim Cheol-Hwee , Hyun HyeYoung , Kim Sang Hyeon , Choi Won Jun , Choi Suk-Ho , Park Min-Chul , Song Jin Dong
Published: September 2019

Short-wave infrared (SWIR) detectors and emitters have a high potential value in several fields of applications, including the internet of things (IoT) and advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS), gas sensing. Indium Gallium Arsenide (InGaAs) photodetectors are widely used in the SWIR region of 1–3 μm; however, they only capture a part of the region due to a cut-off wavelength of 1.7 μm. This study presents an InAs p-i-n photodetector grown on a GaAs substrate (001) by inserting 730-nm thick InxAl1−xAs graded and AlAs buffer layers between the InAs layer and the GaAs substrate. At room temperature, the fabricated InAs photodetector operated in an infrared range of approximately 1.5–4 μm and its detectivity (D*) was 1.65 × 108 cm · Hz1/2 · W−1 at 3.3 μm. To demonstrate performance, the Sherlock Holmes mapping images were obtained using the photodetector at room temperature.
Pseudomonas spp. are key players in agricultural biogas substrate degradation
Authors: Buettner Christian , von Bergen Martin , Jehmlich Nico , Noll Matthias
Published: September 2019

Anaerobic degradation (AD) of heterogeneous agricultural substrates is a complex process involving a diverse microbial community. While microbial community composition of a variety of biogas plants (BPs) is well described, little is known about metabolic processes and microbial interaction patterns. Here, we analyzed 16 large-scale BPs using metaproteomics. All metabolic steps of AD were observed in the metaproteome, and multivariate analyses indicated that they were shaped by temperature, pH, volatile fatty acid content and substrate types. Biogas plants could be subdivided into hydrogenotrophic, acetoclastic or a mixture of both methanogenic pathways based on their process parameters, taxonomic and functional metaproteome. Network analyses showed large differences in metabolic and microbial interaction patterns. Both, number of interactions and interaction partners were highly dependent on the prevalent methanogenic pathway for most species. Nevertheless, we observed a highly conserved metabolism of different abundantPseudomonas spp. for all BPs indicating a key role during AD in carbohydrate hydrolysis irrespectively of variabilities in substrate input and process parameters. Thus,Pseudomonas spp. are of high importance for robust and versatile AD food webs, which highlight a large variety of downstream metabolic processes for their respective methanogenic pathways.
Validation and assessment of an antibiotic-based, aseptic decontamination manufacturing protocol for therapeutic, vacuum-dried human amniotic membrane
Authors: Marsit Nagi M. , Sidney Laura E. , Britchford Emily R. , McIntosh Owen D. , Allen Claire L. , Ashraf Waheed , Bayston Roger , Hopkinson Andrew
Published: September 2019

Amniotic membrane (AM) is used to treat a range of ophthalmic indications but must be presented in a non-contaminated state. AM from elective caesarean sections contains natural microbial contamination, requiring removal during processing protocols. The aim of this study was to assess the ability of antibiotic decontamination of AM, during processing by innovative low-temperature vacuum-drying. Bioburden of caesarean section AM was assessed, and found to be present in low levels. Subsequently, the process for producing vacuum-dried AM (VDAM) was assessed for decontamination ability, by artificially loading with Staphylococcus epidermidis at different stages of processing. The protocol was highly efficient at removing bioburden introduced at any stage of processing, with antibiotic treatment and drying the most efficacious steps. The antibacterial activity of non-antibiotic treated AM compared to VDAM was evaluated using minimum inhibitory/biocidal concentrations (MIC/MBC), and disc diffusion assays against Meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Meticillin-resistant S. epidermidis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterococcus faecalis. Antibacterial activity without antibiotic was low, confirmed by high MIC/MBC, and a no inhibition on agar lawns. However, VDAM with antibiotic demonstrated effective antibacterial capacity against all bacteria. Therefore, antibiotic decontamination is a reliable method for sterilisation of AM and the resultant antibiotic reservoir is effective against gram-positive and –negative bacteria.
Gestures convey different physiological responses when performed toward and away from the body
Authors: Bartolo Angela , Claisse Caroline , Gallo Fabrizia , Ott Laurent , Sampaio Adriana , Nandrino Jean-Louis
Published: September 2019

We assessed the sympathetic and parasympathetic activation associated to the observation of Pantomime (i.e. the mime of the use of a tool) and Intransitive gestures (i.e. expressive) performed toward (e.g. a comb and “thinking”) and away from the body (e.g. key and “come here”) in a group of healthy participants while both pupil dilation (N = 31) and heart rate variability (N = 33; HF-HRV) were recorded. Large pupil dilation was observed in both Pantomime and Intransitive gestures toward the body; whereas an increase of the vagal suppression was observed in Intransitive gestures away from the body but not in those toward the body. Our results suggest that the space where people act when performing a gesture has an impact on the physiological responses of the observer in relation to the type of social communicative information that the gesture direction conveys, from a more intimate (toward the body) to a more interactive one (away from the body).
Clinical Model for Predicting Warfarin Sensitivity
Authors: Ma Zhiyuan , Cheng Gang , Wang Ping , Khalighi Bahar , Khalighi Koroush
Published: September 2019

Warfarin is a widely used anticoagulant with a narrow therapeutic index and large interpatient variability in the therapeutic dose. Complications from inappropriate warfarin dosing are one of the most common reasons for emergency room visits. Approximately one third of warfarin dose variability results from common genetic variants. Therefore, it is very necessary to recognize warfarin sensitivity in individuals caused by genetic variants. Based on combined polymorphisms in CYP2C9 and VKORC1, we established a clinical classification for warfarin sensitivity. In the International Warfarin Pharmacogenetic Consortium (IWPC) with 5542 patients, we found that 95.1% of the Black in the IWPC cohort were normal warfarin responders, while 74.8% of the Asian were warfarin sensitive (P < 0.001). Moreover, we created a clinical algorithm to predict warfarin sensitivity in individual patients using logistic regression. Compared to a fixed-dose approach, the clinical algorithm provided significantly better performance. In addition, we validated the derived clinical algorithm using the external Easton cohort with 106 chronic warfarin users. The AUC was 0.836 vs. 0.867 for the Easton cohort and the IWPC cohort, respectively. With the use of this algorithm, it is very likely to facilitate patient care regarding warfarin therapy, thereby improving clinical outcomes.
Characterization of Microbial Communities, Identification of Cr(VI) Reducing Bacteria in Constructed Wetland and Cr(VI) Removal Ability of Bacillus cereus
Authors: Lin Hua , You Shaohong , Liu Liheng
Published: September 2019

In this study, the contribution of substrates microorganisms in three different constructed wetlands (CWs) to Cr(VI) purification was discussed. In addition, the microbial communities in the substrate of different CWs were characterized, and rhizosphere Cr(VI) reducing bacteria was also identified. The results showed that microorganisms could improved Cr(VI) removal to 76.5%, and result in that more Cr(VI) was reduced to Cr(III). The dominant strains in the substrates of different CWs were Sphingomonas sp., Cystobacter sp., Acidobacteria bacterium, Sporotrichum and Pellicularia species. The Cr(VI) reducing bacteria from Leersia hexandra Swartz rhizosphere was identified as Bacillus cereus. Furthermore, under suitable conditions, the removal rate of Cr(VI) by Bacillus cereus was close to 100%.
Visual impairment in high flow and low flow carotid cavernous fistula
Authors: Alam Md. Shahid , Jain Mukesh , Mukherjee Bipasha , Sharma Tarun , Halbe Swatee , Jaisankar Durgasri , Raman Rajiv
Published: September 2019

Our aim is to study the varied posterior segment manifestations, level of visual impairment (VI) and its causes in carotid cavernous fistula (CCF) patients. A retrospective study was done, wherein data was obtained from 48 digital subtraction angiogram (DSA) proven CCF patients. CCF was classified according to Barrow et al., based on DSA into type A (high flow) and types B, C and D (low flow). High flow CCF was present in 8 (16.7%) and low flow CCF was present in 42 (83.3%). Compared to low flow group, patients in high flow group were younger and had a history of trauma (p < 0.05). Posterior segment findings ranged from familiar stasis retinopathy and optic neuropathy (both, glaucomatous and ischemic) to uncommon findings of central retinal artery occlusion, Terson syndrome and combined retinal and choroidal detachment. Retinal vein dilatation was the most common finding in both groups. The high flow CCF group had 6 (75%) patients that had VI. This was acute in 4 (50%) patients and delayed in 2 (25%). In the low flow group 10 (23.8%) of patients had delayed VI. The identification of “3 point sign” is a novel finding of this study, not described before. While none of three findings (disc hyperaemia, retinal vein dilatation and intra-retinal haemorrhage) in isolation were predictive of visual loss, but when present together results in visual loss. Posterior segment changes were varied, some are uncommon and can occur in various combinations. “3 point sign” must be identified at the earliest to prevent visual impairment. The incidence of VI in CCF patients is high.
Effects of anti-H. pylori triple therapy and a probiotic complex on intestinal microbiota in duodenal ulcer
Authors: Wu Lili , Wang Zikai , Sun Gang , Peng Lihua , Lu Zhongsheng , Yan Bin , Huang Kun , Yang Yunsheng
Published: September 2019

This study aimed to investigate the intestinal microbiota in duodenal ulcer (DU) patients, effects of proton pump inhibitors,clarithromycin and amoxicillin, PCA) for Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) and Bacillus subtilis and Enterococcus faecium (BSEF) on intestinal microbiota. DU patients were randomly assigned to receive either PCA (group TT) or PCA plus BSEF(group TP). The fecal microbiome was conducted using high throughput 16S rDNA gene and internal transcribed spacer sequencings. The diversity and abundance of intestinal bacteria in the DU were significantly lower than health check control (HC) group. In the TT group, the abundance and diversity of both intestinal bacteria and fungi decreased after PCA treatment, compared with those before treatment, whereas in the TP group no obvious changes were observed. In the TT group at all the time points, both the intestinal bacteria and fungi were different from those in the HC group. However, in the TP group, at 10w the bacterial flora abundance was close to that in the HC group. The results indicate that anti- H. pylori treatment induced significant decrease in the diversity of intestinal microbiota, while the combined therapy supplemented with BSEF could protect and restore the intestinal microbiota.
Toward clinical digital phenotyping: a timely opportunity to consider purpose, quality, and safety
Authors: Huckvale Kit , Venkatesh Svetha , Christensen Helen
Published: September 2019

The use of data generated passively by personal electronic devices, such as smartphones, to measure human function in health and disease has generated significant research interest. Particularly in psychiatry, objective, continuous quantitation using patients’ own devices may result in clinically useful markers that can be used to refine diagnostic processes, tailor treatment choices, improve condition monitoring for actionable outcomes, such as early signs of relapse, and develop new intervention models. If a principal goal for digital phenotyping is clinical improvement, research needs to attend now to factors that will help or hinder future clinical adoption. We identify four opportunities for research directed toward this goal: exploring intermediate outcomes and underlying disease mechanisms; focusing on purposes that are likely to be used in clinical practice; anticipating quality and safety barriers to adoption; and exploring the potential for digital personalized medicine arising from the integration of digital phenotyping and digital interventions. Clinical relevance also means explicitly addressing consumer needs, preferences, and acceptability as the ultimate users of digital phenotyping interventions. There is a risk that, without such considerations, the potential benefits of digital phenotyping are delayed or not realized because approaches that are feasible for application in healthcare, and the evidence required to support clinical commissioning, are not developed. Practical steps to accelerate this research agenda include the further development of digital phenotyping technology platforms focusing on scalability and equity, establishing shared data repositories and common data standards, and fostering multidisciplinary collaborations between clinical stakeholders (including patients), computer scientists, and researchers.
A polyrotaxanated covalent organic network based on viologen and cucurbit[7]uril
Authors: Das Gobinda , Sharma Sudhir Kumar , Prakasam Thirumurugan , Gándara Felipe , Mathew Renny , Alkhatib Nour , Saleh Na’il , Pasricha Renu , Olsen John-Carl , Baias Maria , Kirmizialtin Serdal , Jagannathan Ramesh , Trabolsi Ali
Published: September 2019

Since their initial presentation in 2005 by Yaghi and co-workers, covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have been the focus of much development. Here we introduce mechanical bonds into COFs by employing a method that involves supramolecular self-assembly, dynamic imine-bond formation, and liquid-liquid interfacial condensation and produces a continuous 2D polyrotaxaneted film. A diamino-viologen linker is complexed with the macrocycle cucurbit[7]uril (CB[7]) to form pseudorotaxanes that then condense with an aromatic tri-aldehyde core at the interface of two solvents. The unrotaxanated COF is prepared by condensing the viologen and the trialdehyde in the absence of CB[7], and the chemical and physical properties of the formed films are compared. The CB[7]–encapsulated film is mechanically and thermally more robust and more luminescent. The synthetic strategy presented here allows the incorporation of mechanically interlocked molecules (MIMs) into polymeric materials and provides access to materials that have properties and functionalities that are yet to be explored.
The Recycling of Lithium-ion Batteries: Current and Potential Approaches
Authors: Kellner Rod , Goosey Emma
Published: September 2019

The rapid uptake of lithium-ion batteries in recent years has received additional impetus from the expansion of the electric vehicle market and their usage within this high growth sector. The expansion of this demand is in turn fuelling end-of-life treatment approaches upon eventual redundancy. This chapter explores the legislative and cost demands acting as drivers to these requirements. The chapter explores the approaches being adopted in relation to a waste treatment hierarchy favouring the consignment of end-of-life batteries to a recycling scenario which, whilst currently based on pyrometallurgy, is seeking to embrace less environmentally impacting approaches based upon hydrometallurgy.
Environmentally Sustainable Solvent-based Process Chemistry for Metals in Printed Circuit Boards
Authors: Ryder Karl S. , Ballantyne Andrew D. , Smith Emma L. , Palin Emma J. R. , Abbott Andrew P.
Published: September 2019

This chapter describes the development of several new processes relating to the fabrication, characterisation and recycling of printed circuit board (PCB) metal assemblies in alternative, sustainable solvent technologies based on an emergent class of liquids know as deep eutectic solvents (DES). It has been demonstrated that in many cases, the use of DES technologies can be disruptive to current process thinking and in principle can deliver benefits including increased efficiency, lower costs and better process control. These technologies offer the opportunity to incorporate new ideas into PCB fabrication and assembly that facilitate downstream, end-of-life recovery and separation consistent with a circular economy model. Current PCB manufacturing is carried out using many complex metal deposition processes involving aqueous solutions of toxic metal salts, strong inorganic acids, precious and expensive noble metals, and requires careful process control and monitoring. As a result, these processes are often costly to operate and inefficient. DES-based technologies can: (1) improve the economic and efficient use of essential metals; (2) reduce or eliminate use of precious and expensive metals; (3) reduce the use of complex and difficult to maintain process chemistry; (4) reduce reliance on toxic and noxious materials; and (5) improve recovery, recycling and reuse of PCB metals.
Differential uranyl(v) oxo-group bonding between the uranium and metal cations from groups 1, 2, 4, and 12; a high energy resolution X-ray absorption, computational, and synthetic study
Authors: Zegke Markus , Zhang Xiaobin , Pidchenko Ivan , Hlina Johann A. , Lord Rianne M. , Purkis Jamie , Nichol Gary S. , Magnani Nicola , Schreckenbach Georg , Vitova Tonya , Love Jason B. , Arnold Polly L.
Published: September 2019

Uranyl Pacman takes them all: the bonding of s- and d-block cations to uranyl is compared by experiment, spectroscopy and theory.
Evaluation of 5-fluorouracil-treated lung cancer cells by atomic force microscopy
Authors: Jiang Xiaolin , Ma Ke , Hu Cuihua , Gao Mingyan , Zhang Jiashuo , Wang Ying , Chen Yujuan , Song Zhengxun , Wang Zuobin
Published: September 2019

The drug efficacy and side-effect of 5-fluorouracil for non-small cell lung cancer cells were studied by atomic force microscopy.
Feasibility of paper microzone plates for greener determination of the alcoholic content of beverages by thermal infrared enthalpimetry
Authors: Voss Mônica , Schlessner Sandra Kunde , Ferreira Daniele , Oliveira Alessandra Stangherlin , Deprá Mariany Costa , Jacob-Lopes Eduardo , Barin Juliano Smanioto
Published: September 2019

Direct determination of ethanol in paper devices based on the temperature change of the mixture with water (heat of dilution).
Degradable magnetic-response photoacoustic/up-conversion luminescence imaging-guided photodynamic/photothermal antitumor therapy
Authors: Lv Ruichan , Jiang Xue , Yang Fan , Wang Yanxing , Feng Miao , Liu Jun , Tian Jie
Published: September 2019

In this research, a degradable uniform mesoporous platform was designed as an imaging-guided photothermal therapy (PTT)/photodynamic therapy (PDT) agent.
Higher quantum efficiency and moisture resistance of all-inorganic halide perovskite nanocrystal films in situ fabricated with cyclodextrin
Authors: Zhou Zhou-Kun , Mo Zhi-Hong , Wei Xiao-Lan
Published: September 2019

β-Cyclodextrin confines the growth of CsPbBr3 nanocrystals, generating a smooth film with a higher quantum efficiency and a longer moisture resistance.
Regioselective radical hydroboration of electron-deficient alkenes: synthesis of α-boryl functionalized molecules
Authors: Huang Yun-Shuai , Wang Jie , Zheng Wan-Xin , Zhang Feng-Lian , Yu You-Jie , Zheng Min , Zhou Xiaoguo , Wang Yi-Feng
Published: September 2019

A radical hydroboration of electron-deficient alkenes was developed for the direct synthesis of diverse α-boryl functionalized molecules.
Enhancing the energy barrier of dysprosium(iii) single-molecule magnets by tuning the magnetic interactions through different N-oxide bridging ligands
Authors: Wang Juan , Yang Mingfang , Sun Juan , Li Hui , Liu Jinjin , Wang Qinglun , Li Licun , Ma Yue , Zhao Bin , Cheng Peng
Published: September 2019

The synergistic effect of strengthened Dy-Dy magnetic interactions and slightly enhanced symmetry of DyIII ions results in a great Ueff enhancement from 11.79 K to 226.73 K.
Coalescence and wetting mechanism of Al droplets on different types of carbon for developing wettable cathodes: a molecular dynamics simulation
Authors: Lv Xiaojun , Guan Chaohong , Han Zexun , Chen Chang , Sun Qidong
Published: September 2019

Studying the coalescence and wetting mechanisms of Al liquid on amorphous carbon and graphene from atomic level.
Quantifying individual (anti)bonding molecular orbitals’ contributions to chemical bonding
Authors: de Lange Jurgens H. , van Niekerk Daniël M. E. , Cukrowski Ignacy
Published: September 2019

Quantifying contributions to any kind of bond/interaction and diatomic electron delocalization (bond order) made by individual (non)bonding molecular orbitals.
Microdynamic changes of moisture-induced crystallization of amorphous calcium carbonate revealed via in situ FTIR spectroscopy
Authors: Cheng Meng , Sun Shengtong , Wu Peiyi
Published: September 2019

A microdynamic mechanism of moisture-induced ACC crystallization involving three consecutive conversion stages is elucidated via in situ FTIR spectroscopy and two-dimensional correlation analysis.
Correction: A dry molten globule-like intermediate during the base-induced unfolding of a multidomain protein
Authors: Acharya Nirbhik , Mishra Prajna , Jha Santosh Kumar
Published: September 2019

Correction for ‘A dry molten globule-like intermediate during the base-induced unfolding of a multidomain protein’ by Nirbhik Acharya et al., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2017, 19, 30207–30216.
Selective sensing of ATP by hydroxide-bridged dizinc(ii) complexes offering a hydrogen bonding cavity
Authors: Bansal Deepak , Gupta Rajeev
Published: September 2019

Hydroxide-bridged dizinc(ii) complexes, offering a hydrogen bonding based cavity, illustrate highly selective turn-on sensing of ATP in the presence of other competing anions, such as AMP, ADP, PPi and other phosphates.
Synthesis and electropolymerization of N-heterocyclic carbene complexes of Pd(ii) and Pt(ii) from an emissive imidazolium salt with a terthiophene backbone
Authors: Wang Weiran , Guo Hongyu , Jones Richard A.
Published: September 2019

The synthesis of an emissive terthiophene-based imidazolium iodide as the corresponding N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) preligand (4), and its Pd and Pt–NHC complexes (5a, 5b), along with their electropolymerized electrochromic polymers (P1–3) are reported.
Calcium isotope determination in urine samples via the monitoring of 44CaF and 40CaF molecules by high-resolution continuum source graphite furnace molecular absorption spectrometry
Authors: Zanatta Melina B. T. , Nakadi Flávio V. , Resano Martin , da Veiga Márcia A. M. S.
Published: September 2019

Calcium isotope determination in urine samples by HR CS GFMAS via CaF molecules. pH is a factor to consider guaranteeing the efficacy of CaF formation. Due to Cl interference, Ca should be separated from solutions by precipitation with (NH4)2C2O4.
Copper(ii) complexes with alloferon analogues containing phenylalanine H6F and H12F stability and biological activity lower stabilization of complexes compared to analogues containing tryptophan
Authors: Kowalik-Jankowska Teresa , Lesiów Monika , Krupa Katarzyna , Kuczer Mariola , Czarniewska Elżbieta
Published: September 2019

Copper(ii) complex formation processes between alloferon 1 (Allo1) (H1 GVSGH6 GQH9 GVH12G) analogues where the phenylalanine residue is introduced in the place of His residue H6F and H12F have been studied by potentiometric, UV-visible, CD and EPR spectroscopic, and MS methods. For the phenylalanine analogues of alloferon 1, complex speciation has been obtained for a 1 : 1, 2 : 1 and 3 : 1 metal-to-ligand molar ratio. At physiological pH and in 1 : 1 metal-to-ligand molar ratio the phenylalanine analogues of alloferon 1 form a CuL complex similar to that of alanine analogues with the 4N{NH2,Nlm1,2Nlm} coordination mode. The stability of the complexes of the phenylalanine analogues is higher in comparison to those of alanine analogues, but lower in comparison to those containing tryptophan. Injection of Allo12F into insects induced prominent apoptotic changes in all hemocytes. The presence of apoptotic bodies only in the insect hemolymph testifies to the fact that Allo12F is an extremely pro-apoptotic peptide.
Silver nanoparticles by atomic vapour deposition on an alcohol micro-jet
Authors: McNally Michael J. , Galinis Gediminas , Youle Oliver , Petr Martin , Prucek Robert , Machala Libor , von Haeften Klaus
Published: September 2019

Nanoparticles produced when ethanol jet exits nozzle (a), over silver vapour source (b), captured in a cold trap (c).
Metallic contact induced van der Waals gap in a MoS2 FET
Authors: Kim Changsik , Lee Kwang Young , Moon Inyong , Issarapanacheewin Sudarat , Yoo Won Jong
Published: September 2019

The electronic performance of 2D nano-devices is strongly dependent on the interface structure formed with electrically contacting metals.
Two-photon based pulse autocorrelation with CdSe nanoplatelets
Authors: Quick Michael T. , Owschimikow Nina , Khan Ali Hossain , Polovitsyn Anatolii , Moreels Iwan , Woggon Ulrike , Achtstein Alexander W.
Published: September 2019

We investigate broadband two-photon absorption autocorrelators based on II–VI semiconductor nanoplatelets as an alternative to common second harmonic generation based techniques.
Shape- and size-dependences of gold nanostructures on the electrooxidation of methanol under visible light irradiation
Authors: Sui Ning , Gao Hongxu , Zhu Jiacheng , Jiang Haoran , Bai Qiang , Xiao Hailian , Liu Manhong , Wang Lina , Yu William W.
Published: September 2019

Plasmonic metal nanocatalysts have excellent light trapping properties and high chemical reactivity.
Highly transparent films of new copolyesters derived from terephthalic and 2,4-furandicarboxylic acids
Authors: Zaidi Sami , Thiyagarajan Shanmugam , Bougarech Abdelkader , Sebti Fouzia , Abid Souhir , Majdi Abid , Silvestre Armando J. D. , Sousa Andreia F.
Published: September 2019

Transparent films of poly(ethylene terephthalate)-co-(ethylene 2,4-furandicarboxylate)s (PET-co-2,4-PEFs) were developed here for the first time, exploring the ability of 2,4-FDCA to impart excellent optical properties to the polymers thereof.
Poly(3-ethylglycolide): a well-defined polyester matching the hydrophilic hydrophobic balance of PLA
Authors: Bandelli Damiano , Alex Julien , Helbing Christian , Ueberschaar Nico , Görls Helmar , Bellstedt Peter , Weber Christine , Jandt Klaus D. , Schubert Ulrich S.
Published: September 2019

The novel lactide isomer 3-ethyl-1,4-dioxane-2,5-dione (3-ethylglycolide, EtGly) represented the basis for the development of polyesters varying crystallinity.
“One-pot” aminolysis/thia-Michael addition preparation of well-defined amphiphilic PVDF-b-PEG-b-PVDF triblock copolymers: self-assembly behaviour in mixed solvents
Authors: Folgado Enrique , Guerre Marc , Da Costa Antonio , Ferri Anthony , Addad Ahmed , Ladmiral Vincent , Semsarilar Mona
Published: September 2019

Novel amphiphilic PVDF-based triblock copolymer (PVDF50-b-PEG136-b-PVDF50) is synthesized using RAFT polymerization and a one-pot thia-Michael addition. Self-assembly of this ABA copolymer resulted in formation of original crystalline structures.
Synthesis and UCST-type thermoresponsive properties of polypeptide based single-chain nanoparticles
Authors: Zhao Liang , Wang Xiaodan , Sun Liwei , Zhou Rongtao , Zhang Xu , Zhang Lin , Zheng Zelai , Ling Ying , Luan Shifang , Tang Haoyu
Published: September 2019

We present the synthesis and UCST-type thermoresponsive properties of helical polypeptide based single-chain nanoparticles which displayed increased solution phase transition temperature and improved biocompatibility.
Palladium-catalyzed polyannulation of pyrazoles and diynes toward multifunctional poly(indazole)s under monomer non-stoichiometric conditions
Authors: Gao Qingqing , Han Ting , Qiu Zijie , Zhang Ruoyao , Zhang Jun , Kwok Ryan T. K. , Lam Jacky W. Y. , Tang Ben Zhong
Published: September 2019

A novel palladium-catalyzed polymerization route toward polyindazoles with high thermal stability and advanced functionalities in a monomer stoichiometry imbalance-promoted manner.
π-Extension improves the photovoltaic performance: a helical perylene diimide oligomer based three-dimensional non-fullerene acceptor
Authors: Wu Mingliang , Xia Ping , Huang Huaxi , Lin Zhaohang , You Xiaoxiao , Wang Keke , Lu Huan , Wu Di , Xia Jianlong
Published: September 2019

A helical perylene diimide oligomer (PDI2) is gradually emerging as a promising building block for the construction of organic optoelectronic materials.
Facile synthesis of diverse rotaxanesviasuccessive supramolecular transformations
Authors: Hu Yang , Wang Wei , Yao Rui , Wang Xu-Qing , Wang Yu-Xuan , Sun Bin , Chen Li-Jun , Zhang Ying , Zhao Xiao-Li , Xu Lin , Tan Hong-Wei , Yu Yihua , Li Xiaopeng , Yang Hai-Bo
Published: September 2019

Facile synthesis of diverse rotaxanes was successfully realized through a simple and efficient supramolecular transformation strategy.
Effects of acid and phosphate on arsenic solidification in a phosphogypsum-based cement backfill process
Authors: Yin Tubing , Yang Rushi , Du Jing , Shi Ying
Published: September 2019

Phosphogypsum (PG) produced during phosphoric acid production contains significant amounts of arsenic and can potentially cause adverse environmental and health effects.
Long noncoding RNA ZFAS1 enhances adriamycin resistance in pediatric acute myeloid leukemia through the miR-195/Myb axis
Authors: Li Qun , Wang Jianmin
Published: September 2019

Long noncoding RNA ZFAS1 silencing alleviated ADR resistance of AML cells.
Screening of multi-class antibiotics in pork meat by LC-Orbitrap-MS with modified QuEChERS extraction
Authors: Chen Qing , Pan Xiao-Dong , Huang Bai-Fen , Han Jian-Long , Zhou Biao
Published: September 2019

The quantification capability of high resolution mass spectrometry is of great interest to analysts.
Activation of atomically precise silver clusters on carbon supports for styrene oxidation reactions
Authors: Sulaiman Kazeem O. , Sudheeshkumar V. , Scott Robert W. J.
Published: September 2019

Atomically-precise silver clusters can be activated for styrene oxidation reactions using mild calcination conditions.
Internal acidity scale and reactivity evaluation of chiral phosphoric acids with different 3,3′-substituents in Brønsted acid catalysis
Authors: Rothermel Kerstin , Melikian Maxime , Hioe Johnny , Greindl Julian , Gramüller Johannes , Žabka Matej , Sorgenfrei Nils , Hausler Thomas , Morana Fabio , Gschwind Ruth M.
Published: September 2019

NMR H-bond analysis reveals an offset of internal and external acidities of catalysts and allows for a detailed reactivity analysis.
Charge-driven tripod somersault on DNA for ratiometric fluorescence imaging of small molecules in the nucleus
Authors: Wang Kang-Nan , Cao Qian , Liu Liu-Yi , Zhao Zi-Jian , Liu Wenting , Zhou Dan-Jie , Tan Cai-Ping , Xia Wei , Ji Liang-Nian , Mao Zong-Wan
Published: September 2019

We have developed a strategy "charge-driven tripod somersault on DNA" realizing both in vitro and in vivo ratiometric fluorescence imaging of the variations of endogenous SO2 derivatives in the nucleus for the first time.
Low-dose suspended graphene oxide nanosheets induce antioxidant response and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cellsviaJNK-dependent FoxO1 activation
Authors: Halim Alexander , Liu Lin , Ariyanti Agnes Dwi , Ju Yang , Luo Qing , Song Guanbin
Published: September 2019

Low-dose GO nanosheets enhance the antioxidant response and facilitate osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells through the JNK-FoxO1 pathways.
High performance solution-processed green phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes with high current efficiency and long-term stability
Authors: Maheshwaran Athithan , Sree Vijaya Gopalan , Park Ho-Yeol , Cho Woosum , Kim Hyein , Kumaresan Raja , Kim Youngkwang , Lee Jae Chol , Song Myungkwan , Jin Sung-Ho
Published: September 2019

Highly efficient (D–π–A)-type host and green Ir(iii) complexes are introduced for solution-processed PHOLEDs that achieve high CE with considerably high EQE. The devices with symmetrical complex show more stable than those with asymmetrical complex.
Epitaxial growth of large-scale In2S3 nanoflakes and the construction of a high performance In2S3/Si photodetector
Authors: Lu Jianting , Zheng Zhaoqiang , Gao Wei , Yao Jiandong , Zhao Yu , Xiao Ye , Wang Bing , Li Jingbo
Published: September 2019

MoS2-like layered 2D materials have attracted attention worldwide due to their intriguing material properties.
Response to Letter to Editor by Norrix and Faux, 2018
Authors: Yathiraj Asha , Vanaja Chitnahalli Shankaranarayan
Published: September 2019

Purpose

This letter aims to clarify the critical comments by
Norrix and Faux (2019)
regarding our article titled, “Criteria to Classify Children as Having Auditory Processing Disorders.” The two main contentions highlighted by Norrix and Faux are addressed. One is about including participants who were “at risk” for auditory processing disorder (APD) rather than those diagnosed to have APD, and the other is about the use of a specific cutoff to diagnose children as having APD.
Impact of pore scale parameters on the thermal conductivity of porous building blocks
Authors: Van De Walle Wouter , Janssen Hans
Published: September 2019

Increasingly stringent energy requirements push for better performing building blocks with reduced thermal conductivity. A numerical framework to predict the heat transfer through porous materials is employed to investigate the effect of several microscale parameters on the macroscale thermal conductivity. Two different algorithms are used to generate a range of different cellular materials. Simulation results highlight the effect of the porosity, pore size distribution, matrix structure and matrix conductivity on the total thermal conductivity.
Impact of frost temperature and moisture content on frost damage to ceramic bricks
Authors: Janssen Hans , Feng Chi , Roels Staf
Published: September 2019

Reliable knowledge on how frost deteriorates building materials is necessary when assessing the hygrothermal performances of building facades. Unfortunately, the current frost-thaw testing methods do not offer dependable knowledge, as they only test at very low temperatures and very high moisture contents, contrary to the spectrum of milder conditions usually met in reality. This paper therefore studies frost damage to four ceramic bricks, with accele-rated frost-thaw tests at frost temperatures from -2 °C to -20 °C and moisture saturation degrees from 0.1 to 1.0. The ultrasonic method is used to quantify the resulting frost damage, with the Young’s modulus reduction as index. The actual frost temperature and moisture content affect the level of frost damage, an effect which is not recognised however in current frost-thaw test protocols.
The use of proper orthogonal decomposition for the simulation of highly nonlinear hygrothermal performance
Authors: Hou Tianfeng , Roels Staf , Janssen Hans
Published: September 2019

In this paper, the use of proper orthogonal decomposition for simulating nonlinear heat, air and moisture transfer is investigated via two applications: HAMSTAD benchmarks 2 and 3. Moreover, the potential of the reduced models constructed by proper orthogonal decomposition for simulating new problems with longer simulation periods is assessed. To illustrate the feasibilities of proper orthogonal decomposition method in the field of building physics, the accuracies of the reduced models are compared with the standard finite element method. The outcomes show that with a sufficient number of construction modes and a relatively large amount of snapshots, proper orthogonal decomposition method can deliver accurate results. In addition, guidelines on selecting an appropriate amount of simulation snapshot and construction modes are provided.
Thermal conductivity of aerated concrete (AC) composites containing micro-encapsulated phase change materials
Authors: Tian Shuai-Qi , Qu Ming-Liang , Fan Li-Wu , Yu Zi-Tao , Ge Jian
Published: September 2019

Aerated concrete (AC) was incorporated with micro-encapsulated phase change materials (PCMs) to form a novel PCM-composite AC with improved thermal storage capacity. RT25 paraffin was selected as the PCM and the composite materials were prepared by adding micro-encapsulated paraffin as an ingredient at various loadings. The effective thermal conductivity of the composite samples was measured at both 17 ºC and 35 ºC, while the paraffin was in solid and liquid phases, respectively. The volumetric heat capacity of the composites were also measured. Results showed that both the thermal conductivity and volumetric heat capacity increase upon adding the micro-encapsulated paraffin. However, they were found to decrease when further increase the paraffin loading. The maximum thermal conductivity and volumetric heat capacity were enhanced by approximately 35% and 30% when the paraffin loadings were 1% wt. and 3% wt., respectively. Since the increase of thermal conductivity leads to the deterioration of the thermal insulation performance, the composite samples with 3% wt. micro-encapsulated paraffin with lower thermal conductivity but the highest volumetric heat capacity was exhibited to be more appropriate.
Quantitative evaluation of deterioration in west wind-room in the Palace Museum
Authors: Ma Yan , Kong Zhenyi , Li Yonghui , Zhang Xiaogu , Hokoi Shuichi , Fu Xiuzhang
Published: September 2019

The Palace Museum in Beijing is a world cultural heritage site. Surviving nearly 600 years, heritage buildings in the Palace Museum have been deteriorated by salting out, exfoliation, cracking and so on. For the purpose of quantitative evaluation on current environment risks and proposing conservation approaches, heat and moisture transfer on buildings was simulated by a numerical model and the West Wind-room in the Hall of Mental Cultivation (Yangxin Dian) in the Palace Museum was taken as example. The results indicated that to reduce freezing-thawing cycles, the indoor temperature should be increased during December to early February. Indoor temperature and humidity should be controlled to a more stable and lower level to decrease the damaging from salt crystallization and hydration. And attention should be paid to more salting-out resulted by evaporation increase in spring and autumn. The results will provide support to environment control of Chinese traditional buildings.
Energy consumption and seismic retrofitting interventions in the architectural heritage: building performance simulations of a historical building in Italy
Authors: De Vita Mariangela , D’Antonio Raffaella , Mannella Antonio
Published: September 2019

This study focuses on retrofit interventions that allow a seismic improvement of the Architectural Heritage whose critical aspects are conservation and enhancement of existing buildings. During the last decades, designers and researchers have invested in the technical development of seismic retrofitting interventions with the aim of improving the structural performances in a cost-effective way without sacrificing the aesthetical aspects of valuable buildings. Moreover, recent research on historical masonry provided important references and data on the advantages of these interventions in the Architectural Heritage protection. Despite the technological progress, seismic interventions in terms of environmental performance still represent a critical issue, so it is essential to assess their effects on energetic behaviour. The aim of the research is to evaluate the effects of most used seismic retrofitting interventions on energy performance of a masonry historical buildings. The Authors present and analyse the hypothesis of seismic interventions applied on the masonry of a historical building located in the town of L’Aquila and severely damaged by an earthquake that in 2009 struck Abruzzo County, in Italy. The study includes results of building performance simulations (BPS) of the entire building, carried out with the software “Design Builder”, which allows the assessment of the seismic interventions from the environmental point of view on the basis of the variation of energy consumption and the internal comfort.
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia revealed by a rare complication: Noma. First description from Togo
Authors: Bouassalo Komlan Mawabah , Mossi Edem Komi , Padaro Essohana , Gunepin Mathieu , Weber Elise
Published: September 2019

Introduction: Noma is defined as a gangrenous ulcerative stomatitis whose starting point is endobuccal. Its exact etiology remains unknown, but many risk factors have been described (malnutrition, poor hygiene, etc.). Chronic lymphoid leukemia (LLC) is a lymphoproliferative syndrome characterized by medullary proliferation of a B lymphocyte clone. It is not considered as a risk factor for noma disease. Observation: A 43-year-old patient is admitted in the odontostomatology unit of the Dapaong Regional Hospital Centre (Togo) for a deep lesion of the left cheek. The clinical examination allows to conclude the presence of a noma. Biological examinations also show a LLC at Binet stage C. In our patient, the LLC is associated with an immunosuppression and the development of infections due to the late diagnosis of the LLC. Comment: The immunosuppression and the development of infections are described in the literature as risk factors for noma disease. An association between LLC and noma could therefore exist. However, such association has been reported to date only once in the literature in 1976. Conclusion: Our observation suggests that the LLC could be a risk factor for noma disease. However, further studies based on large samples are necessary to conclude a causal association between LLC and noma.
Für mehr Stabilität im Grundgelenk – Dynamische MCP-Schiene für den Daumen
Authors: Knaus Waltraud
Published: September 2019

Sind Gelenke zum Beispiel durch Verletzungen oder Erkrankungen überbeweglich, kann das zu Überlastungssyndromen und Schmerzen führen. Eine dynamische Grund-gelenksschiene für den Daumen ist leicht herzustellen und hilft dabei, das Gelenk zu stabilisieren, ohne die Bewegungsfreiheit im Alltag einzuschränken.
Veränderung braucht Visionen – Ergotherapie in der Psychiatrie
Authors: Lambracht Sonja
Published: September 2019

Wie können Ergotherapeuten im psychiatrischen Setting betätigungsorientierter und alltagsnaher arbeiten? Diese Frage stellte sich Sonja Lambracht nach Beginn ihrer Tätigkeit in einer Psychiatrischen Institutsambulanz. Denn dort fand sie ausschließlich kreative Angebote und eingefahrene Strukturen vor – bis sie den Klienten das Therapieprogramm „Handeln gegen Trägheit“ anbot.
Motorisches Lernen
Authors: Sporrer Wiebke
Published: September 2019

Den Alltag üben: Dieser Artikel berichtet, wie durch Einsatz von aufgaben- und
alltagsorientiertem Training in der Rehabilitation nach Schlaganfall bedeutende
Tätigkeiten wieder ausgeführt werden können.
Mentales Training und Bewegungsbeobachtung
Authors: Ladda A. Marie , Lotze Martin
Published: September 2019

Mentale Trainingsstrategien können Sportlern helfen, einen Trainingsausfall bei
Verletzungen aufzufangen. Sie können aber auch eingesetzt werden, um Bewegungen
nur in der Vorstellung auszuführen, um so die Leistungen zu verbessern.
Anwendungsmöglichkeiten und den aktuellen Stand der Wissenschaft beleuchtet der
folgende Artikel.
Systemic and Autoimmune Diseases
Authors: Delgadillo Xavier , Ortega Adrián E. , Greco Alejandro Moreira
Published: September 2019

This article reviews the clinical features of systemic and autoimmune diseases affecting the perianal region and its surrounding integumentary structures.
Perianal Crohn's Disease
Authors: Pogacnik Javier Salgado , Salgado Gervasio
Published: September 2019

This article provides an overview of the principles in the evaluation and management of perianal Crohn's disease (CD). Manifestation-specific treatment is addressed including abscess, fistula, skin tags, hemorrhoids, fissure, ulcers, strictures, ano-, and rectovaginal fistulas as well CD-associated hidradenitis suppurativa.
Invasive Candida Infections in a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit in Turkey: Evaluation of an 11-Year Period
Authors: Aslan Nagehan , Yildizdas Dincer , Alabaz Derya , Horoz Ozden Ozgur , Yontem Ahmet , Kocabas Emine
Published: September 2019

The aim of this study was to evaluate the Candida species, predisposing factors, antifungal treatment approaches, and clinical outcomes of invasive Candida infections (ICIs) in a tertiary pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). A retrospective study was performed from January 2008 to January 2019 including 102 children with ICIs who were admitted to a university hospital in southeastern Turkey. Positive blood cultures were detected in 43 (42.1%) patients, and positive urine cultures were detected in 59 (57.8%). According to our results, Candida albicans (42.2%) was the most common species for all isolates followed by C. parapsilosis (17.6%). In our patient population, non-albicans Candida species were dominant (57.8%) in all isolates. The most common facilitating factor in our study was the use of mechanical ventilator support (87.3%). The mortality rate of our patients with ICIs was 13.7%. Candida albicans was found to have the highest mortality rate among all Candida species (30.7%). When we compared patients with C. albicans and those with non-albicans Candida species in terms of risk factors, we detected a significant difference between the two groups for total parenteral nutrition use (p = 0.027). Fluconazole was the most preferred (58.8%) treatment option in our PICU for ICIs. Our results showed an increased trend in micafungin use in recent years. ICIs are a significant problem due to the high mortality and morbidity rates in critically ill pediatric patients in PICUs. In recent years, an increase in Candida infections caused by non-albicans Candida species has been reported. Multicenter prospective studies are needed to determine the risk factors for ICIs.
Effect of the Different Mechanical Mitral Valve Sounds on the Patients' Quality of Life
Authors: Huang Jiang-Shan , Hong Zhi-Nuan , Sun Kai-Peng , Cao Hua , Chen Qiang
Published: September 2019

Background The purpose of this study was to compare the opening and closing sounds of three different mechanical mitral valves and to analyze their effects on the quality of life of patients.

Methods Ninety patients who underwent mechanical mitral valve replacement (MVR) were divided into three groups: those who received Advancing the Standard (ATS), St. Jude Medical (SJM), or Carbomedics (CM) mechanical valves. The sound pressure of the different valves was measured with a microphone. A detailed, self-designed questionnaire with a 1 to 10 analog scale and the 36-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) score was used to assess the quality of life of the patients.

Result The sound pressure measured by ATS was 64.4 ± 3.1 dB, while that measured by SJM, and CM was 64.5 ± 4.7 and 67.2 ± 5.3 dB, respectively. The overall subjective interference score in the ATS group was the lowest compared with that in the SJM and CM groups (ATS: 1.3 ± 0.9 dB, SJM: 3.9 ± 1.6 dB, CM: 4.1 ± 1.5 dB). Relatives and nonfamily members of the ATS group also had the lowest analog scale scores. Specific questions showed that the ATS valve had the least impact on sleep and daily life (impact on sleep: ATS: 4/30, SJM: 9/30, CM: 11/30, impact on daily life: ATS: 2/30, SJM: 8/30, CM: 8/30). The SF-36 score showed that there were significant differences in social functioning, role-emotional, mental health, and vitality.

Conclusion Patients receiving ATS mechanical MVR may be less disturbed by valve noise than those receiving SJM or CM mechanical MVR in a single Chinese cardiac center.