bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quantification of incubation, latent and infection periods of Phakopsora pachyrhizi in soybean, according to chronological time and degree-days
Authors: Danelli Anderson Luiz Durante , Reis Erlei Melo
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACT In experiments conducted in a growth chamber, the chronological time and the accumulated degree-days were determined for the duration of incubation, latent and infectious periods of Phakopsora pachyrhizi cultivars BRSGO 7560 and BRS 246 RR. Detached soybean leaflets were placed in gerbox-type acrylic boxes and inoculated with 20 x 103 uredospores/mL. The study was conducted at 12-h photoperiod and temperatures of 10ºC, 15ºC, 22ºC, 25ºC and 30°C for 30 days. Lesions and uredia/cm2were evaluated and the number of uredia per lesion was quantified after the beginning of sporulation. The sporulation potential was also quantified for cultivars BRSGO 7560 and BRS 246 RR. The steps of the infection process can be quantified based on both the chronological time and the accumulated heat. The cultivar BRSGO 7560 produced 4,012.8 spores/cm2 and BRS 246 RR, 7,348.4 uredospores/cm2. The largest number of uredia was produced at 25ºC in both cultivars; however, BRS 246 RR presented 372.7 uredia/cm2 and BRSGO 7560, 231.6 uredia/cm2. At 10ºC and 30°C, leaf infection did not occur in both cultivars.
Modelo climático para previsão do míldio da cebola
Authors: Marcuzzo Leandro Luiz , Reis Erlei Melo
Published: March 2016

RESUMO A partir de dados publicados na literatura, elaborou-se um modelo de previsão do míldio da cebola, causado por Peronospora destructor. O modelo desenvolvido baseia-se nas condições climáticas favoráveis para o processo infeccioso, baseado na temperatura e na duração do molhamento foliar. Obteve-se a interação que representa os dois fatores sobre a probabilidade de infecção. Com auxílio da planilha eletrônica Excell, calculou-se a duração do período de molhamento foliar para obter diferentes probabilidades de infecção do patógenos em diferentes temperaturas. Com os dados foi elaborada uma tabela que poderá ser usada na programação computacional que registra a duração do período de molhamento foliar e a temperatura média e automaticamente o valor diário de probabilidade de ocorrência de infecção. O modelo será validado em experimentos conduzidos no campo e com infecção natural, em Rio do Sul, SC.
Levantamento de raças do agente causador do míldio da alface no Estado de São Paulo em 2012 e 2013
Authors: Nunes Renata de Castro , Castoldi Renata , Gomes Rafaelle Fazzi , Tobar-Tosse Dora Enith , Braz Leila Trevisan
Published: March 2016

RESUMO A alface é, entre as hortaliças folhosas, a mais importante economicamente para o Brasil. No inverno, com baixas temperaturas e com molhamento foliar, o míldio da alface, doença causada pelo agente etiológico Bremia lactucae, ocorre em praticamente todas as regiões de cultivo desta hortaliça, sendo considerada uma das doenças foliares mais severas da cultura. O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar as raças de B. lactucae no ano de 2012 e 2013 que ocorreram nas principais regiões produtoras do Estado de São Paulo, como: Ribeirão Preto, Jaboticabal, Pirangi, Catanduva, São José do Rio Preto, Atibaia, Salesópolis, Biritiba Mirim, Mogi das Cruzes, Campinas, Itapira, Mogi Mirim, Cândido Mota, Presidente Prudente, Echaporã, Assis, Marília, Botucatu e Bauru. Durante o mês de julho/agosto de 2012 e 2013, coletaram-se amostras de folhas de alface com sintomas de míldio, sendo que, em cada amostra coletada, as estruturas do patógeno referiram-se a um isolado. Os esporângios foram multiplicados na cultivar suscetível Solaris, com posterior inoculação nas cultivares diferenciadoras, realizando-se as avaliações no 12º dia do aparecimento da primeira esporulação na cultivar suscetível ‘Green Tower’ (Dm-0), conforme o código “Sextet”. Em 2012, foi determinado dois novos códigos, identificando duas novas raças, SPBl:10 (63/31/02/00) e SPBl:11 (63/63/18/00). Em 2013, uma nova codificação foi determinada (63/31/18/00), à qual propôs a denominação de SPBl:12. Os genes Dm-14 e Dm-15, e os fatores de resistência FR-17, FR-18, FR-36, FR-37 e FR-38 conferem resistência a essas novas raças identificadas. Recomenda-se, portanto, em programas de melhoramento genético de alface, a utilização dos fatores FR-17, FR-18 e FR-38 como fontes de resistência para novas cultivares desenvolvidas para cultivo no Estado de São Paulo, por conferirem resistência a todas as 12 raças já identificadas.
Biofertilizantes no controle da mancha bacteriana (Xanthomonas spp.) do tomateiro
Authors: Rodrigues Vinícius William Borges , Bueno Thays Vieira , Tebaldi Nilvanira Donizete
Published: March 2016

RESUMO A mancha bacteriana do tomateiro, causada por quatro espécies de Xanthomonas pode provocar perdas significativas na produção da cultura e a utilização de biofertilizantes na proteção de plantas tende a reduzir a incidência de doenças. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o efeito dos biofertilizantes no controle preventivo e curativo da mancha bacteriana do tomateiro. Para o controle preventivo da doença, plantas de tomate cultivar Santa Cruz Kada, com 3 a 4 folhas foram pulverizadas com os biofertilizantes (Soil-Set, Agro-Mos e Cop-R-Quick) e água (testemunha); e dois dias após foram inoculadas por aspersão com a suspensão bacteriana nas concentrações 109 UFC mL-1 (OD550=0,5) e 106UFC mL-1, com o isolado UFU A35 de Xanthomonas sp. Para o controle curativo, as plantas foram inoculadas com a suspensão bacteriana, e dois dias após foram pulverizadas com os biofertilizantes e água. A severidade da mancha bacteriana foi avaliada usando uma escala diagramática; aos 3, 5, 8, 11 e 14 dias após a inoculação e calculada a área abaixo da curva de progresso de doença (AACPD). O controle preventivo foi mais eficiente no manejo da mancha bacteriana do tomateiro, e os diferentes biofertilizantes reduziram a severidade da doença.
Influence of temperature and leaf wetness duration in the severity of Cercospora leaf spot of beet
Authors: Marcuzzo Leandro Luiz , Haveroth Roberto , Nacimento Aline
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACT In the present study, the influence of temperature (15, 20, 25, 30 and 35°C) and leaf wetness period (6, 12, 24 and 48 hours) on the severity of Cercospora leaf spot of beet, caused by Cercospora beticola, was studied under controlled conditions. Lesion density was influenced by temperature and leaf wetness duration (P<0.05). Data were subjected to nonlinear regression analysis. The generalized beta function was used for fitting the disease severity and temperature data, while a logistic function was chosen to represent the effect of leaf wetness on the severity of Cercospora leaf spot. The response surface resultant of the product of the two functions was expressed as ES = 0.0001105 * (((x-8)2.294387) * ((36-x)0.955017)) * (0.39219/(1+25.93072 * exp (-0.16704*y))), where: ES represents the estimated severity value (0.1); x, the temperature (ºC) and y, the leaf wetness duration (hours). This model should be validated under field conditions to assess its use as a computational forecast system for Cercospora leaf spot of beet.
Estrogen signaling in the proliferative endometrium: implications in endometriosis
Authors: Silva Rita de Cássia Pereira da Costa e , Moura Kátia Karina Verolli de Oliveira , Ribeiro Júnior Circoncisto Laurentino , Guillo Lidia Andreu
Published: March 2016

SUMMARY Even though the physiological role of estrogen in the female reproductive cycle and endometrial proliferative phase is well established, the signaling pathways by which estrogen exerts its action in the endometrial tissue are still little known. In this regard, advancements in cell culture techniques and maintenance of endometrial cells in cultures enabled the discovery of new signaling mechanisms activated by estrogen in the normal endometrium and in endometriosis. This review aims to present the recent findings in the genomic and non-genomic estrogen signaling pathways in the proliferative human endometrium specifically associated with the pathogenesis and development of endometriosis.
Cognitive function of elderly residents in long-term institutions: effects of a physiotherapy program
Authors: Domiciano Bruno Ricarth , Braga Darling Kescia Araújo Peixoto , Silva Paula Negrão da , Santos Mayara Paz Albino dos , Vasconcelos Thiago Brasileiro de , Macena Raimunda Hermelinda Maia
Published: March 2016

The increase in the size of the elderly population demands new knowledge about the process of healthy and active aging. Cognitive disorders are directly associated with aging, and therefore represent a public health problem. A longitudinal and interventional study with a quantitative approach was performed with the aim of analyzing the effects of a physical therapy program aimed at health promotion on the cognitive ability of institutionalized elderly women. Data was collected using a sociodemographic and clinical form and the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) at three time points (baseline, after 10 interventions and after 20 interventions). The health promotion program consisted of 20 recreational group activities in weekly meetings lasting an hour. Statistical analysis used the paired Student's t-test and Analysis of variance, with a significance level of p<0.05. The sample consisted of 24 elderly persons, with a mean age of 80.04 years. The results showed improvement in the performance of the elderly, both in overall MMSE score (T0=19.22 vs. T2=28.33, p=0.01) and in the evaluated subcategories "time orientation" (T0=3.35 vs. T2=3.57, p=0.02), "record" (T0=2.61 vs. T2=2.95, p<0.01), "memory recall" (T0=1.78 vs. T2=2.71, p<0.01), "read and execute" (T0=0.43 vs. T2=0.67, p=0.01) and "copy diagram" (T0=0.26 vs. T2=0, 48, p=0.02). These findings suggest that physical therapy for health promotion purposes enables improvement in performance of cognitive activities of institutionalized elderly persons, thus contributing to a better quality of life.
Evaluation of frailty, functional capacity and quality of life of the elderly in geriatric outpatient clinic of a university hospital
Authors: Freitas Crislainy Vieira , Sarges Edilene do Socorro Nascimento Falcão , Moreira Karlo Edson Carneiro Santana , Carneiro Saul Rassy
Published: March 2016

Objective To investigate the occurrence of frailty and analyze the functional capacity and quality of life in the elderly in a department of geriatrics and gerontology in Belém-PA. Method Cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study.103 elderly people were assessed as the socio-demographic and clinical aspects, frailty, according to the phenotype of Fried, history of falls, self-perceived health, functional capacity (FC) and quality of life (QOL). The elderly were classified as frail (FR), pre-frail (PF) and non-frail (NF). The groups were compared using the binomial test, Kruskal-Wallis test and ANOVA test, and the relationship between FC and QOL through Pearson correlation. Results The mean age was 73.39(±6.42) years; 23.0% of the elderly were FR, 57.0%were PF and 20.0% were NF. The highest criteria of phenotype were muscle weakness and physical inactivity. Was no difference in FC between FR and PF (p<0.01) and FR and NF (p<0.01). The FR elderly had lower QOL and the highest scores were intimacy (15.33±2.26) and death and dying (14.88±3.26). There were correlation between FC and QOL in groups PF (p=0.0273) and NF (p=0.0017). 62.1% of seniors pointed to health as regular and 34.0% had a history of falling. Conclusion Muscle weakness and physical inactivity were most striking in the development of frailty, which was associated with worse QOL and FC, despite most seniors be independent. These data are important for early detection of determinants of frailty, since the criteria discussed here are reversible.
Elderly victims of abuse: a five year document analysis
Authors: Garbin Cléa Adas Saliba , Joaquim Renata Colturato , Rovida Tânia Adas Saliba , Garbin Artênio José Isper
Published: March 2016

Objective To verify the occurrence of maltreatment of the elderly and its characteristics (location, type, reason, involvement of alcohol/drugs, profile and family relationship of victims and perpetrators) from the police records of a specialized police station over a five year period. Method A cross-sectional, descriptive and documentary analytical study was performed. The police reports of a medium-sized municipality in the northwest of São Paulo were analyzed from 2008 to 2012. The sociodemographic characteristics of the perpetrators and victims and the data relating to the aggression investigated were: violence; location; reason; the presence of alcohol and drugs during the assault and victim-offender relationship. Data was tabulated using descriptive statistical analysis. Results Of a total of 572 cases, most of the perpetrators were men (69.2%), Caucasian (56.5%), aged 31-40 years (14.20%) with no information regarding occupation provided (50.70%); most of the victims were women (93.0%), Caucasian (71.5%), aged 60-65 years (46.30%), married (34.10%) and unemployed/retired (59.98 %). Emotional abuse was prevalent (57.0%), occurred in the home of the elderly person (81.3%) and the children of the elderly were the main perpetrators (25.3%). The motives were related to arguments in most cases (53.1%). Conclusion Women who were Caucasian, married, aged 60-65, unemployed/retired were the main victims, with the perpetrators most frequently their own children, also Caucasian, single and aged 31-40 years. Psychological violence was the most prevalent, primarily triggered by disagreements among those involved, and it occurred most frequently in the residence of the victim. Most of the attackers were not under the influence of alcohol/drugs.
Recusa Escolar: um Estudo de Caso em Ludoterapia Comportamental
Authors: Coelho Laura dos Santos Gomes
Published: March 2016

Resumo Recusa Escolar é o termo que refere-se à dificuldade do estudante (criança ou adolescente) em permanecer total ou parcialmente no ambiente escolar, gerando angústia e sofrimento. Ludoterapia comportamental foi utilizada no atendimento de Rita, uma menina (oito anos) que recusava ir à escola. O atendimento consistiu em avaliação (entrevistas e observação) e intervenções (alteração do padrão de brincar e orientações aos pais). Rita apresentou mudanças em termos de complexidade do lúdico e aceitação da escola. Teoria da motivação de Dember e Earl foi utilizada para explicar as escolhas lúdicas na direção hipotetizada; foi discutida a carência de detalhamento sobre a tomada de decisão em ludoterapia comportamental. É sugerido um modelo de tomada de decisão clínica que descreva como o psicólogo analisa as interações da criança com seu ambiente. Tal modelo de tomada de decisão deve ser capaz de incluir as características principais do conceito de lúdico presentes na teoria de Dember-Earl.
A Abordagem do Tema Sexualidade no Contexto Familiar: o Ponto de Vista de Mães de Adolescentes
Authors: Savegnago Sabrina Dal Ongaro , Arpini Dorian Mônica
Published: March 2016

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo consiste em apresentar alguns aspectos referentes ao diálogo sobre sexualidade entre pais e adolescentes, a partir do ponto de vista de mulheres que possuem filhos(as) adolescentes. Foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas e grupos focais com mães que frequentavam um Centro de Referência em Assistência Social de uma cidade do interior do Rio Grande do Sul. Os resultados, após análise de conteúdo, indicam que os assuntos relacionados à sexualidade mais abordados pelas mães com os(as) filhos(as) adolescentes foram a prevenção de doenças e gravidez, com destaque para o uso do preservativo. A maioria das participantes referiu ter mais facilidade para conversar com as filhas adolescentes do que com os filhos. As participantes apresentaram tanto a percepção de que os adolescentes já teriam informações suficientes sobre o assunto quanto a ideia de que eles esperam esclarecimentos e abertura para o diálogo por parte dos pais. As considerações finais apontam para a importância de que as conversas sobre sexualidade não se reduzam às questões preventivas, e destacam a necessidade de que ambos os genitores assumam ativamente seus papéis com relação ao diálogo sobre o tema com filhos(as) adolescentes.
Oficinas de Gestão do Tempo com Estudantes Universitários
Authors: Oliveira Clarissa Tochetto de , Carlotto Rodrigo Carvalho , Teixeira Marco Antônio Pereira , Dias Ana Cristina Garcia
Published: March 2016

Resumo Buscou-se descrever a experiência de oficinas de gestão do tempo realizadas junto a acadêmicos de uma universidade pública no interior do Rio Grande do Sul. Foram realizados oito encontros com o objetivo de avaliar e discutir a forma como os participantes costumam organizar o seu tempo. Participaram 85 alunos de graduação e pós-graduação. Os tópicos abordados incluíram estratégias utilizadas para organização, identificação de problemas, metas e objetivos e oferecimento de dicas. Foram descritos os procedimentos e as ferramentas utilizadas nas oficinas. As dificuldades vivenciadas pelos estudantes estavam relacionadas à procrastinação, à incapacidade de dizer “não” às demandas alheias, à carga horária de seus cursos e à conciliação entre estudos, convivência familiar e lazer. A participação na oficina foi um primeiro momento de reflexão sobre a temática para muitos participantes. Pesquisas que investiguem os “motivos” das dificuldades na gestão do tempo nessa população podem subsidiar futuras intervenções junto a esse público.
A Atuação do Psicólogo na Estratégia Saúde da Família: Articulações Teóricas e Práticas do Olhar Gestáltico
Authors: Diógenes Juliana , Pontes Ricardo José Soares
Published: March 2016

Resumo Este trabalho emerge de interrogações da pesquisadora durante desenvolvimento profissional, a partir da experiência em Gestalt-terapia e Residência Multiprofissional em Saúde da Família e Comunidade. Com conhecimento teórico e prático em ambas as áreas, propõe a construção de pontes teórico-conceituais entre elas, mostrando contribuições possíveis da Gestalt-terapia para o trabalho do psicólogo no contexto da Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF), bem como à sua principal ferramenta de processo de trabalho, a Clínica Ampliada (CA). Trata-se de pesquisa qualitativa, com amostra intencional de psicólogos que trabalham na ESF do Ceará. Realizadas entrevistas individuais, o material empírico foi categorizado em cinco temas: importância das abordagens psicológicas para a atuação do psicólogo na ESF; visões de homem das abordagens humanistas norteadoras da atuação do psicólogo na ESF; valorização pelos psicólogos do modo de vida dos sujeitos e suas demandas; modos de intervenção do psicólogo na ESF; conexões teóricas e práticas. Em síntese, os resultados indicaram: a Gestalt-terapia tem aceitação dos psicólogos que trabalham na ESF; e a principal contribuição da abordagem para esse cenário é a visão de totalidade do ser humano, já que é exigência da ESF e da CA trabalhar com visão integrada de um sujeito singular, compreendido num contexto amplo. Conclui-se que, quando a abordagem psicológica possui visão de homem que se aproxima das diretrizes da ESF e o psicólogo consegue unir ambas as formações na sua prática, uma garantia de atuação qualificada neste contexto é facilitada.
A Sexualidade Na Velhice: Representações Sociais De Idosos Frequentadores de Um Grupo de Convivência
Authors: Vieira Kay Francis Leal , Coutinho Maria da Penha de Lima , Saraiva Evelyn Rúbia de Albuquerque
Published: March 2016

Resumo Objetivou-se apreender as representações sociais dos idosos acerca da sexualidade. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva com abordagem qualitativa, fundamentada nos aportes teóricos e metodológicos da Teoria das Representações Sociais. Participaram 30 idosos frequentadores de um grupo de convivência localizado em João Pessoa-PB. Foram utilizadas entrevistas em profundidade, cujo conteúdo foi submetido à análise de conteúdo temático. Os conteúdos representacionais abordaram os elementos constituintes da sexualidade, as mudanças decorrentes do envelhecimento, a importância das vivências sexuais para a pessoa idosa, bem como a percepção negativa dessas práticas por parte da sociedade em geral. Observou-se que as representações sociais da sexualidade apresentaram-se de forma semelhante à descrição científica, demonstrando similaridades entre o senso comum e o conhecimento erudito. Acredita-se que este estudo possa contribuir de forma parcimoniosa para a promoção de mudanças de atitudes acerca da sexualidade da pessoa idosa, trazendo benefícios para a qualidade de vida dessa população.
Psicanálise e Psicoterapia: o Fator da Sugestão no “Tratamento Psíquico”
Authors: Aguiar Fernando
Published: March 2016

Resumo A noção de sugestão participa da fundação do campo psicanalítico e faz parte de seu vocabulário clínico. A rigor, pertence a sua pré-história, pois a história propriamente dita começa quando Freud abandona a hipnose. Em contrapartida, a explicação paulatina do fenômeno sugestivo foi sendo construída no decorrer da própria edificação teórica da disciplina freudiana, em particular depois de estabelecido seu vínculo com os conceitos psicanalíticos de transferência e de identificação. Esse percurso histórico permeado de reflexões imanentes, recorrentes e necessárias sobre o fenômeno, presentes desde o nascimento da psicanálise, tem seu apogeu em 1921, quando Freud, no trabalho sobre a psicologia das massas e análise do eu, chega a sua explicação definitiva. Levando em conta que a sugestão forma com a repetição e a resistência as três modalidades pelas quais se manifesta a transferência, este artigo busca apresentar subsídios para finalmente concluir com proposições sobre as diferenças clínico-epistemológicas fundamentais entre psicanálise e psicoterapia.
DIFICULDADES DE UM CULTURA CIENTÍFICA DE TÉCNOLÓGICA NO MEIO RURAL AFRICANO
Authors: GUEYE V. Babacar
Published: March 2016

Resumo: A maioria dos países africamos, enfrentam um estado de subdesenvolvimento crónico. A pauperização da população atinge números alarmentes sobretudo no meio rural. As populações rurais tentam alterar tal quadro e enfrentar o isolamento decorrente das grandes distâncias físicas e culturais. Contudo basta observar seus hábitos para constatar que estas comunidades detêm uma certa cultura científica solidamente arraigada em valores sociais e que infelizmente muitas vezes se choca com a cultura científica e tecnológia ocidental.
Intemperismo Artificial em Lâminas de Tectona grandis Tratadas com Produtos de Acabamento
Authors: Queiroz Francis Lívio Corrêa , Gonçalez Joaquim Carlos , del Menezzi Cláudio Henrique , Ribeiro Edilene Silva , Lima Clarissa Melo
Published: March 2016

RESUMO Este estudo teve por objetivo avaliar a ação do tempo de exposição ao intemperismo artificial na cor de lâminas de madeiras de teca tratadas com produtos de acabamento. Amostras que receberam 2 tipos de produto, a seladora e o stain, mais as testemunhas, sem acabamento. O experimento foi instalado no delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com 3 tratamentos e 4 repetições. As lâminas ficaram expostas ao simulador QUV-Acelerated Weathering Teste, por 7 períodos, de: 6, 12, 24, 48, 96, 192 e 384 horas. Após cada período de intemperismo foram feitas medições das cores, com espectrofotômetro COLOR EYe XTH. As variáveis cromáticas avaliadas foram: L*, a*, b*, C e h*. Ao final do estudo pôde-se concluir que as lâminas de madeira de teca sofreram alterações em sua cor com o passar do tempo de exposição e que o stain apresentou maior eficiência na conservação da cor da madeira.
Fauna do Solo como Indicadora em Fragmentos Florestais na Encosta de Morrotes
Authors: Scoriza Rafael Nogueira , Correia Maria Elizabeth Fernandes
Published: March 2016

RESUMO A diferença sucessional entre os fragmentos florestais reflete-se na comunidade da fauna do solo, mostrando-se um bioindicador eficiente. A não diferenciação entre terços indica que a degradação antrópica ocorre de forma homogênea em toda a extensão da encosta florestal.
Egg quality, geometry and hatching traits of indigenous Aseel as influenced by organic and inorganic selenium supplementation
Authors: Zia Waseem Muhammad , Khalique Anjum , Naveed Saima , Hussain Jibran
Published: March 2016

This study was conducted to evaluate the impact of selenium sources on egg and hatching traits of native Aseel chicken. Selenium-treated 21-weeks-aged 84 pullets and 12 cockerels from Lakha, Mushki, Peshaweri and Mianwali varieties (21 pullets and 3 cockerels per variety) were divided into three treatment groups A, B and C (7 pullets and 1 cockerel per group). Group A and B were experimental and C was control. Ration for group A was included 0.3 mg/kg Se-yeast, B was included 0.3 mg/kg sodium selenite and C with No selenium. Se-yeast supplementation presented increased egg weight, shell thickness, yolk index, Haugh units; enhanced egg length, breadth, volume, shape index and surface area; decreased dead germ%, dead in shell%, clear egg% and enhanced hatchability%, the hatch of fertile% and chick weight. Present study concluded that Se-yeast is a superior supplement in improving egg quality, geometry and hatching features of indigenous Aseel varieties.
Outcome of intercropping garlic with brinjal for the small holder farmers of Bangladesh
Authors: Islam M. R. , Hossain M. F. , Mian M. A.K. , Hossain J. , Alam M. A.
Published: March 2016

The objective of the experiment was to find out the best combination and efficiency the productivity of garlic for intercropping at different planting densities with brinjal. The treatment combinations were brinjal 100% + garlic 70%, brinjal 100% + garlic 60%, brinjal 100% + garlic 50%, brinjal 100% + garlic 40%, brinjal 100% + garlic 30% with sole crop of brinjal. A randomized complete block design replicated three times was used. Different intercropping combinations were evaluated by performed on basis of several intercropping indices such as land equivalent ratio (LER), competitive ratio (CR), monetary advantages index (MAI), replacement value of intercrops (RVI) and economics performance. The monetary return of intercropping of garlic with brinjal with different planting ratio was significantly higher as compared to sole cropping of brinjal. The highest brinjal equivalent yield (91.65 t ha-1), gross return (Tk.1374800 ha-1), gross margin (Tk.1003426 ha-1), BCR (3.70) and LER (2.65) were in intercropping of brinjal 100% + garlic 70% compared to other intercropping combination and sole cropping of brinjal. Brinjal 100% + garlic 60% showed same BCR in intercropping. The study also revealed that brinjal 100% + garlic 70% intercropping system exhibited higher MAI (Tk. 855950 ha-1) and replacement value of intercropping (5.34) compared to the other planting ratio and the sole crop.
AMMI analysis for stability of chickpea
Authors: Balapure M. M. , Mhase L. B. , Kute N. S. , Pawar V. Y.
Published: March 2016

Five elite chickpea genotypes along with three check varieties were grown in eight environments during rabi 2011-12 season at Pulses Improvement Project, Mahatma Phule Agricultural University, Rahuri to check their stability. The genotypes were grown in randomized block design with three replications. The AMMI analysis of variance for seed yield clearly indicates that the mean sum of square for genotypes is significant, suggesting broad range of diversity among genotypes. The environmental variances are highly significant for all the characters. G x E mean sum of square was significant for seed yield which indicates that the performance of genotypes was differential over the environments. The proportion of sum of square for G x E for seed yield kg/plot was 26.04 %. Three genotypes viz., Phule G-07102, Phule G-09103 and Digvijay exhibited stable performance over all environment (non-interacting)for seed yield kg/plot. The environments E3 (sowing date 1/11/2011), E4 (sowing date 16/11/2011) and E5 (sowing date 1/12/2011) had good conditions for most of the genotypes while at the same time, the PCA score for these three environments were nearly zero indicating all genotypes produced fairly stable seed yield.
Productivity enhancement of soybean as influenced by integerated nutrient and other agronomic interventions in sub - humid Punjab, India
Authors: Sikka R. , Singh D. , Deol J. S. , Kaur J.
Published: March 2016

A field experiment was conducted for three years under irrigated conditions for productivity enhancement of soybean through integrated nutrient and other agronomic interventions. Application of N, P, K and FYM significantly enhanced the yield of soybean over control. Maximum yield was observed in the treatment where FYM was applied with NPK and resulted in an increase of 15.1 per cent over NPK alone. Application of additional 30 kg N ha-1 at pre-flowering or at pod initiation did not significantly enhance the yield over the basal dose of NP applied at sowing. Application of 4 tonnes wheat straw mulch + 30 kg N +60 kg P2O5 and 30 kg N + 60 kg P2O5 ha-1 showed similar effect on seed yield of soybean. No statistical difference in soybean yield was obtained in the conventional flat and bed sowing treatments. Pre-emergence application of pendimethaline @ 1.5 l ha -1 along with one hand weeding at 40 days after sowing (DAS) and two hand weeding at 20 and 40 DAS were equally effective for weed control and in influencing the soybean yield. The application of N, P, K, FYM, in different treatments, treatment with Bradyrhizobium japonicum and sowing on beds all significantly improved the N, P and K uptake by soybean over control. Application of FYM to soybean resulted in maximum enhancement of nutrient uptake by soybean. After three years a significant improvement in soil OC, available N, P and K was observed in all treatments over control.
Chalky spot damage caused by stink bugs on red lentil seeds in Southeast Anatolia Region, Turkey
Authors: Multu Çetin , Karaca Vedat , Eren Sedat , Buyuk Musa , Gozuacik Celalettin , Duman Mehmet , Bayram Yunus , Bolu Halil , Kutuk Halil
Published: March 2016

Chalky spot damage on red lentil is the most important problem waiting for a solution regarding plant health at lentil cultivation in Southeast Anatolia Region, Turkey. The stink bugs, Piezedorus lituratus (F.) and Dolycorus baccarum L. were subjected to trials in cages and in sprayed and unsprayed plot trials in open lentil fields and fields containing windrowed lentils after harvesting. The study revealed that P. lituratus and D. baccarum feeding on red lentil caused chalky spot damage. Average damage to lentil seeds caused by P. lituratus was 13% and 7.8% and by D. baccarum was 4.9% and 2% in 2010 and 2011, respectively. There was a positive relation between P. lituratus density and chalky spot damage (r =0.788, r2 =0.621, P=0.000). The study also showed that after the harvesting, the stink bugs gathered under windrowed lentils and continued feeding and causing chalky spot damage. The damage in unsprayed windrowed lentils (6.60%) was approximately 12-fold higher than that in sprayed windrowed lentils (0.57%). Study suggests conduction of future work on environmental friendly control methods of stink bugs and alternative harvesting methods.
Effect of integrated nutrient management on productivity and economics of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum)
Authors: Shivran A. C. , Jat N. L. , Singh Dhirendra , Rajput S. S. , Mittal G. K.
Published: March 2016

A field experiment was conducted during the winter seasons of 2007-08 to 2009-10 at Jobner, India on loamy sand soil to evaluate the effect of integrated nutrient management on growth, productivity and economics of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum). The experiment consisted of fourteen combinations of integrated nutrient management practices for application of recommended dose of nitrogen (RDN) to fenugreek i.e., 40 kg/ha, through different sources, viz., control, inorganic or organic [farmyard manure (FYM), poultry manure (PM), vermicompost (VC) and neem cake (NC)] alone or in combinations was laid out in randomized block design with three replications. Based on three years of study the results revealed that application of all nutrient management treatments through organic and inorganic sources alone or in combination brought significant effect on growth, yield and economics of fenugreek. Further the results revealed that integration of 50% RDN through vermicompost (VC) + 50% RDN through inorganic source to fenugreek recorded higher plant height, branches/plant, pods/plant, seeds/pod, test weight, seed yield (1781 kg/ha), stover yield (3392 kg/ha), biological yield (5173 kg/ha) and net returns (Rs. 52151/ha). However, maximum benefit cost ratio was fetched with application of 100% RDN through inorganic source.
Examining Changes In The Strategic Alignment Models Alignment Factors Over Time: A Case Study
Authors: Ward Kerry
Published: March 2016

The strategic alignment model of Henderson and Venkatraman (1994) views IS alignment as occurring among four factors: business strategy, organization infrastructure and processes, IS strategy, and IS infrastructure and processes. Henderson and Venkatraman view strategic alignment as occurring via simultaneous or concurrent attention to all four domains. A single case study was conducted to examine how changes in the alignment factors actually occur over time. Our findings suggest that while H& V indicated the SAM is a descriptive model, it explains few of the changes that actually occurred in the case and has limited applicability as a descriptive model.
Can Universities Encourage Students Continued Motivation For Knowledge Sharing And How Can This Help Organizations?
Authors: Shoemaker Nikki
Published: March 2016

Both practitioners and researchers recognize the increasing importance of knowledge sharing in organizations (Bock, Zmud, Kim, & Lee, 2005; Vera-Muz, Ho, & Chow, 2006). Knowledge sharing influences a firms knowledge creation, organizational learning, performance achievement, growth, and competitive advantage (Bartol & Srivastava, 2002; Bock & Kim, 2002; Vera-Muz et al., 2006). However, an individuals natural tendency is to hoard knowledge rather than to share knowledge (Davenport, 1997; Ruggles, 1998). So, how can knowledge sharing be encouraged?Extrinsic rewards are believed to effectively motivate desired behaviors (Bartol & Locke, 2000). Under certain environmental conditions, extrinsic rewards are also believed to develop a more sustained motivation, called self-determined motivation, for these behaviors (Deci & Ryan, 1991). These ideas raise the following questions: (a) Do extrinsic rewards motivate students to share knowledge? and (b) How can universities encourage individuals to develop the self-determined motivation to take part in desired behaviors such as knowledge sharing?This study investigates the effect of extrinsic rewards on knowledge sharing in a team setting. It also examines whether universities can facilitate individuals continued or self-determined motivation to share knowledge using certain environmental conditions. To examine these questions, I perform an experiment with 113 undergraduate students from accounting and management classes who are working on team projects. Results suggest that specifically rewarding knowledge sharing can increase individuals knowledge-sharing behaviors and, in the right environment, their internalization of the motivation to share knowledge.
Changes In Higher Education: How To Address The Learning Needs Of The Latino Population
Authors: Harbrecht Armin , Neidermeyer Presha E. , Tuten Tracy L.
Published: March 2016

Institutions of higher learning in the United States are facing challenges associated with changing demographics. Latino students are making up an increasing portion of the incoming student body than previously.  The unique cultural characteristics of Latino students will require adaptations to the teaching techniques typically used in American business schools.  The unique environment in business schools provides opportunities and challenges for Latino students and their instructors.  We use Hofstede’s cultural classifications in order to map the characteristics of Latino students and suggest six business teaching suggestions designed to increase the learning outcomes for the Latino students.
Requiring Certain Physical Enhancements For Internet Courses: A Survey
Authors: Saunders Gary
Published: March 2016

Use of the Internet continues to increase and new technology provides more and better communication options.  A questionnaire was distributed to chairpersons of accounting departments to obtain their views on requiring some of these newer physical enhancements on a student’s computers when they register for an E course.  Respondents strongly favored requiring students to provide a digital photo ID and audio capabilities when registering for an E course but rejected the idea of requiring them to provide a web cam that might be used for verifying their identity.  They also tended to believe, even though they did not endorse requiring one, students should use a web cam when completing examinations on-line and that faculty should compare the photo ID with the web cam image.  However, they do not believe that students should be required to use a web cam when completing homework assignments or that faculty should compare the photo ID with the web cam image.  Overall accounting chairs endorse requiring the student who enrolls in an E course to obtain some existing technology and they expect the student to be prepared to spend more than $100 to obtain the technology
An Accounting Primer: For Economists Eyes Only!
Authors: Laux Judith
Published: March 2016

The following paper outlines some potential reasons for the chasm between accountants and economists, proposes the addition of an accounting-based mini-lecture to the introductory economics course, and offers a description of several key accounting concepts considered essential to the economics curriculum.
African-American Male Business Students Perspective Of Academic Advising: A Retention And Success Strategy
Authors: Abghari Siavash
Published: March 2016

Academic advising is an essential component of any institution of higher education. Advisors and advisees work together to make an individual academic plan based on each student's weaknesses, strengths, and goals. The advising relationship is an on-going communication that transcends course selection and should attempt to assist students as they explore the breadths of the curriculum, experience college life, focus on a major concentration, and prepare for life after graduation. In order to improve advisement in the Business Administration Program at a Historically Black College, a questionnaire was developed and administered in various classes within the Program. The purpose was to identify possible weaknesses in academic advising and make necessary changes and adjustments to better serve the students’ needs and enhance retention and institutional effectiveness. This study identifies and indicates that students are significantly dissatisfied with the current advisement system in the Business Program at the College.  Based upon findings of this investigation, recommendations are made to improve the advisement system.
Distance Learning In Accounting Courses From The Students Perspective (1999-2006)
Authors: Beaghan James P.
Published: March 2016

Universities throughout the nation are faced with the reality of an increase in demand from placebound, adult working students who live and work in locations that may be hundreds of miles from traditional college campuses, and require a less centralized mode of course instruction.  At the same time technological advances are now available that provide universities with a wide range of instructional modes of instruction that include interactive television (ITV) with real time audio and visual at a number of decentralized classroom sites, live and remote.  Distance learning/distance education (DE) technologies currently allow an instructor to deliver university course instruction to several remote sites in real time via live ITV, while teaching a class to students in a traditional university classroom setting.  While there are a growing number of studies on distance education, there are relatively few research studies on student satisfaction, with existing research showing mixed results (Anderson, Banks and Leary, 2002, Beaghan, 2006), and very little research on the effect of two-way ITV on university accounting and business course instruction (Arndt and Lafollette, 1991, Pirrong and Lathen, 1990, Seay and Milkman, 1994).  University accounting course instruction may involve a number of different modes of instruction that include live instruction, online instruction and distance education.  This research study looks at differences in student perception of value and satisfaction with quantitatively oriented courses delivered via ITV between groups of students in accounting courses taught between 1999 and 2006.  Specifically this study looks at differences in attitudes between two groups of students, live and remote, and whether students who receive course instruction at remote sites via ITV perceive the same degree of value and satisfaction as do students receiving the same course instruction live and in real time.
Curriculum For Todays Learner
Authors: Jackson Allen , Gaudet Laura , McDaniel Larry , Wright Ottley , Watt Don
Published: March 2016

For the 21st century learner, the foundational principles of information development have grown exponentially. In many fields, the life of knowledge can be measured in months or years, with learning occurring in vastly different ways than in previous decades. Education as a continual process, can last a lifetime, and can be greatly facilitated by technological advances which alter the way in which people access information and think about the world. Faculty members in colleges and universities are challenged to provide a more complete and complex picture of the culture and world in which we live. Educators must maintain a curriculum to meet the demands of an ever-changing population of learners, while striving to diversity higher education curricula to provide a more rigorous educational experience.
Fostering Students Participation In Online Environments: Focus On Interaction, Communication And Problem Solving
Authors: Zacharis Nick Z.
Published: March 2016

Rapid technological advances in the areas of telecommunications, computer technology and the Internet have made available to tutors and learners in the domain of online learning, a broad array of tools that provide the possibility to facilitate and enhance learning to higher levels of critical reflective thinking. Computer mediated communication tools such as email, threaded discussion lists, chat rooms, voice over IP, and whiteboards, can enhance online interaction and the development of critical thinking skills, giving learners a real chance to make their learning experience as close to a face-to-face situation. For this to happen, instructors have to adopt teaching strategies that create a successful student-centred learning environment in which students feel motivated and comfortable to participate and construct knowledge and meaning. This paper discusses the learning opportunities the online environment provides and the pedagogical changes that entails for quality learning, and focuses on instructional practices that fostering students’ participation through appropriately designed interaction, effective communication and problem solving activities.
Teachers And Students Perceptions Of Students Problem-Solving Difficulties In Physics: Implications For Remediation
Authors: Ogunleye Ayodele O.
Published: March 2016

In recent times, science education researchers have identified a lot of instruments for evaluating conceptual understanding as well as students’ attitudes and beliefs about physics; unfortunately however, there are no broad based evaluation instruments in the field of problem-solving in physics. This missing tool is an indication of the complexity of the field. However, one obvious way by means of which we can evaluate students’ problem-solving skills is to find out how teachers and students perceive problem-solving difficulties in physics. Using a population of 210 Senior Secondary School (SSS) physics students and their teachers, this study investigated aspects of students’ problem-solving difficulties in physics and possible remedies. The result of the analysis show that lack of students understanding of the problem and their poor mathematical skills constitute the major obstacles in the circle of difficulties that students experience in solving physics problems. Furthermore, the study identified two major remedies that could possibly assist students in solving physics problems: 1) the provision of enough home assignments and 2) the employment of qualified physics teachers. The results are further discussed in terms of their implications for effective learning of physics.
Setting water quality criteria for agricultural water reuse purposes
Authors: Müller K. , Cornel P.
Published: March 2016

The use of reclaimed water for agricultural irrigation is practiced worldwide and will increase in the future. The definition of water quality limits is a useful instrument for the assessment of water quality regarding its suitability for irrigation purposes and the performance of wastewater treatment steps. This study elaborates water quality objectives for a water reuse project in a setting where national guidelines do not exist. Internationally established guidelines are therefore applied to the local context. Additional limits for turbidity, total suspended solids, biochemical and chemical oxygen demand, total phosphorus and potassium are suggested to meet the requirements of water reuse projects. Emphasis is put on water quality requirements prior to UV disinfection and nutrient requirements of cultivated crops. The presented values can be of assistance when monitoring reclaimed water quality. To facilitate the realization of water reuse projects, comprehensive and more detailed information, in particular on water quality requirements prior to disinfection steps, should be provided as well as regarding the protection of the irrigation infrastructure.
Identification of bacteria assimilating formaldehyde in a biological activated carbon filter by means of DNA stable isotope probing and next-generation sequencing
Authors: Kasuga I. , Kurisu F. , Furumai H.
Published: March 2016

Ozonation followed by a biological activated carbon (BAC) filter is a common process of advanced water purification. Ozone can generate formaldehyde (FA) as a harmful by-product, while the subsequent BAC filter is efficient at removing FA. FA adsorption is limited on activated carbon because of its hydrophilic property and low molecular weight. Thus, biological degradation by biofilms associated with the BAC is regarded as the primary treatment mechanism for FA. However, little is known about the microorganisms involved in the removal of FA. To identify specific microorganisms assimilating FA in a BAC filter, this study applied DNA stable isotope probing (DNA-SIP) combined with next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology. DNA-SIP with NGS clearly revealed that facultative methylotrophs affiliated within the specific taxonomic groups, such as Hyphomicrobium and Methylibium, were suspected to be the key players in FA removal.