bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Appetite- and Weight-Regulating Neuroendocrine Circuitry in Hypothalamic Obesity
Authors: Gan Hoong-Wei , Cerbone Manuela , Dattani Mehul Tulsidas
Published: November 2023

Since hypothalamic obesity (HyOb) was first described over 120 years ago by Joseph Babinski and Alfred Fröhlich, advances in molecular genetic laboratory techniques have allowed us to elucidate various components of the intricate neurocircuitry governing appetite and weight regulation connecting the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, brainstem, adipose tissue, pancreas, and gastrointestinal tract. On a background of an increasing prevalence of population-level common obesity, the number of survivors of congenital (eg, septo-optic dysplasia, Prader–Willi syndrome) and acquired (eg, central nervous system tumors) hypothalamic disorders is increasing, thanks to earlier diagnosis and management as well as better oncological therapies. Although to date the discovery of several appetite-regulating peptides has led to the development of a range of targeted molecular therapies for monogenic obesity syndromes, outside of these disorders these discoveries have not translated into the development of efficacious treatments for other forms of HyOb. This review aims to summarize our current understanding of the neuroendocrine physiology of appetite and weight regulation, and explore our current understanding of the pathophysiology of HyOb.
An Undetected Pheochromocytoma Leading to Fulminant Adrenergic Myocarditis Complicated by Cardiogenic Shock
Authors: Tran Nam Q , Tran Hieu T N , Tran Thang V , Nguyen Thuan T
Published: December 2023

Pheochromocytomas are rare catecholamine-secreting neuroendocrine tumors. Their episodic nature is correlated with abrupt catecholamine release and clinical manifestations that mimic other vascular conditions, leading to delayed diagnosis and potentially life-threatening complications, such as acute myocarditis and pheochromocytoma crises. In this report, we described the case of fulminant adrenergic myocarditis-induced cardiogenic shock requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support in a Vietnamese middle-aged man with a 5-year history of Brugada syndrome, hypertension, and previously undiagnosed pheochromocytoma. After stabilization, the patient was medically treated with a combination of α- and β-blockers before undergoing laparoscopic right adrenalectomy.
Caution on the Use of 68Ga-DOTATATE for the Diagnosis of Pheochromocytoma: A Report of 2 Cases
Authors: Needleman Leor , Enamandram Sheila , Annes Justin P
Published: December 2023

Pheochromocytomas are intra-adrenal sympathetic neuroendocrine tumors that arise from chromaffin cells. Paragangliomas similarly arise from chromaffin cells, although at extra-adrenal sites such as sympathetic paraganglia in the abdomen/thorax, or parasympathetic paraganglia in the head/neck. Collectively, pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas are important to diagnose and resect because they may secrete harmful levels of catecholamines, have mass effects, hemorrhage, and/or metastasize. Anatomic imaging of pheochromocytomas is usually completed with computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging; however, functional imaging may be used to provide additional localization, staging, and/or biologic information. Accordingly, selection of the proper functional imaging modality can be critical to developing the optimal therapeutic strategy. 68Gallium- and 64Copper-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (DOTA)-octreotate positron emission tomography computed tomography (68Ga- and 64Cu-DOTATATE) are widely used in evaluating pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas, although data regarding the sensitivity for diagnosing pheochromocytoma are limited. We report 2 cases of pheochromocytoma that showed nondiagnostic 68Ga-DOTATATE uptake but were subsequently visualized using alternative functional imaging modalities. Additionally, we provide a review of the literature to highlight the underappreciated limitations of functional adrenal imaging with somatostatin-based compounds.
Those Who Will Join Us
Authors: Powers Holiday
Published: November 2023

“Those Who Will Join Us” reviews Bouchra Khalili’s multimedia installation The Circle (2023) in the context of Sharjah Biennial 15. The Circle was commissioned by Sharjah Art Foundation and won one of the biennial prizes, and suggests larger questions about what it means to be in the world, how we might remake the world, and what the role of art could be within this. The installation, which includes archival images and small televisions around a large two-channel video projection, is an investigation of the Movement of Arab Workers (MTA) and its theater groups, Al Assifa and Al Halaka. These agitprop t heater groups, formed by North African migrant workers and students like the rest of the MT A, were active in Paris and the south of France between 1973 and 1978. Khalili’s work particularly focuses on the 1974 presidential run of D jellali Kamal, a pseudonym for an anonymous Al Assifa member whose candidacy was seen as an extended public performance meant to reveal the ways in which migrants were denied civil rights.
Sharjah Biennial 15 at Kalba
Authors: Giorgis Elizabeth
Published: November 2023

Sharjah Biennial 15 Thinking Historically in the Present hurled a spectacular exhibition that featured more than three-hundred works by one-hundred fifty artists from over seventy countries. While global ideas informed the artists of the Biennial, the specific historical and political contexts from which they emerged also shaped their distinctive subjectivities. It is in this regard that I look into the works of Nari Ward, Doris Salcedo, and Ibrahim Mahama who come from different historical, cultural and political trajectories but whose multiple articulations are shared and connected. By examining the exhibition space where they displayed their works, I attempt to address the historical entanglements and contestations of exhibition sites to the works they present and how meanings are deployed to compose shared experiences. The works of Ward, Salcedo, and Mahama are installed at the Kalba Ice Factory which was built in the 1970s and which was once a fish feed mill and ice storage facility. It was recently retrofitted for exhibition purposes as well as residence facilities. The space transpires with a new creative appearance in both its architecture and in the artworks it embodies. It is in this regard that I explore the exhibition space of Kalba which emerged from specific realities to usher new ways of interweaving between the works of the three artists.
The effect of surface topography on the ball-rolling ability of Kheper lamarcki (Scarabaeidae)
Authors: Bijma Nienke N. , Billeschou Peter , Baird Emily , Dacke Marie , Kovalev Alexander , Filippov Alexander E. , Manoonpong Poramate , Gorb Stanislav N.
Published: November 2023

The most effective way to avoid intense inter- and intra-specific competition at the dung source, and to increase the distance to the other competitors, is to follow a single straight bearing. While ball-rolling dung beetles manage to roll their dung balls along nearly perfect straight paths when traversing flat terrain, the paths that they take when traversing more complex (natural) terrain are not well understood. In this study, we investigate the effect of complex surface topographies on the ball-rolling ability of Kheper lamarcki. Our results reveal that ball-rolling trajectories are strongly influenced by the characteristic scale of the surface structure. Surfaces with an increasing similarity between the average distance of elevations and the ball radius cause progressively more difficulties during ball transportation. The most important factor causing difficulties in ball transportation appears to be the slope of the substrate. Our results show that, on surfaces with a slope of 7.5 deg, more than 60% of the dung beetles lose control of their ball. Although dung beetles still successfully roll their dung ball against the slope on such inclinations, their ability to roll the dung ball sideways diminishes. However, dung beetles do not seem to adapt their path on inclines such that they roll their ball in the direction against the slope. We conclude that dung beetles strive for a straight trajectory away from the dung pile, and that their actual path is the result of adaptations to particular surface topographies.
What is the visual behaviour and attentional effort of football players in different positions during a real 11v11 game? A pilot study
Authors: Ballet Charles , Barreto Joana , Hope Edward , Casanova Filipe
Published: December 2023

Background Visual perception has been defined as the first step to a football player’s decision-making process and it plays an important role in performance in sport. The skill of focussing to prioritize relevant cues has been also considered crucial in sport. This pilot study aims to explore the visual behaviour and attentional effort of three football players (mean age 19 ± 0 years old) in specific-role positions; Right-winger (RW), Centre-Midfielder (CM) and Left-Back (LB), in the five seconds before receiving the ball from their teammate. Methods Twenty-two male football players performed an 11v11 game, where 24 game sequences (trials) from which 166 fixations were recorded and analysed via the Tobii Pro eye-movement registration glasses and software. The gaze behaviour dependent variables were the mean of fixation duration (FD), time to first fixation (TTF), both measured in milliseconds (ms), and the number of fixations (NF) on eight areas of interest (AOIs). AOIs include teammate with and without the ball, opponent without the ball, space around teammate with and without the ball, space around opponent without the ball, ball and undefined. The mean pupil diameter (PD) correlates to the attentional effort and was measured in millimetres (mm). Results Descriptive statistics showed nonregular search rate data between the participants in FD, TTF, NF on the AOIs. Mean FD on the ball: (CM, 270 ms), (RW, 570 ms), (CM, 380 ms). They also presented differences in the mean PD during play; (CM: 2.90 mm ± 0.26), (RW: 2.74 mm ± 0.30), (LB 2.77mm ± 0.27). Conclusions Albeit the sample size was small, the findings demonstrated a promising way to measure the on-field perceptual-cognitive abilities of football players according to their specific positions, since different playing roles revealed to present distinctive visual and attentional patterns.
Impact of slice thickness on reproducibility of CT radiomic features of lung tumors
Authors: Gupta Sanat , Nayak Kaushik , Pendem Saikiran
Published: December 2023

Background Radiomics posits that quantified characteristics from radiographic images reflect underlying pathophysiology. Lung cancer (LC) is one of the prevalent forms of cancer, causing mortality. Slice thickness (ST) of computed tomography (CT) images is a crucial factor influencing the generalizability of radiomic features (RF) in oncology. There is scarcity of research that how ST affects variability of RF in LC. The present study helps in identifying the specific RF categories affected by variations in ST and provides valuable insights for researchers and clinicians working with RF in the field of LC.Hence, aim of the study is to evaluate influence of ST on reproducibility of CT-RF for lung tumors. Methods This is a prospective study, 32 patients with confirmed histopathological diagnosis of lung tumors were included. Contrast Enhanced CT (CECT) thorax was performed using a 128- Incisive CT (Philips Health Care). The image acquisition was performed with 5-mm and 2 mm STwas reconstructed retrospectively. RF were extracted from the CECT thorax images of both ST. We conducted a paired t-test to evaluate the disparity in RF between the two thicknesses. Lin’s Concordance Correlation Coefficient (CCC) was performed to identify the reproducibility of RF between the two thicknesses. Results Out of 107 RF, 66 (61.6%) exhibited a statistically significant distinction (p<0.05) when comparing two ST and while 41 (38.3%) RF did not show significant distinction (p>0.05) between the two ST measurements. 29 features (CCC ≥ 0.90) showed excellent to moderate reproducibility, and 78 features (CCC ≤ 0.90) showed poor reproducibility. Among the 7 RF categories, the shape-based features (57.1%) showed the maximum reproducibility whereas NGTDM-based features showed negligible reproducibility. Conclusions The ST had a notable impact on the majority of CT-RF of lung tumors. Shape based features (57.1%). First order (44.4%) features showed highest reproducibility compared to other RF categories.
General practice focussed strategies to increase participation in lung cancer screening – a systematic review protocol
Authors: Patel Priya , Jacob Benjamin , Clyne Barbara , Le Bonniec Alice , Quaife Samantha L. , Bradley Stephen H. , Redmond Patrick
Published: December 2023

Background Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Despite this, the uptake of lung cancer screening (LCS) using low-dose CT is substantially low in comparison to established cancer screening programmes. Additionally, those at higher risk of the disease are the least likely to participate in screening, including current smokers and those experiencing socioeconomic deprivation. General practice (which may be referred to as primary care or family medicine depending on location) plays a vital role in screening through the identification of eligible individuals, overcoming participation barriers, and facilitating shared decision-making. Given the low rates of participation, it is important to understand which, if any, strategies from general practice could improve the effectiveness of a national programme. Objectives To assess and quantify the effects of strategies implemented in general practice to increase participation in LCS. Method A systematic review and meta-analysis, where possible, will be conducted following PRISMA reporting guidelines. Searches of PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, ClinicalTrials.gov, and the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform will be conducted. All randomised trials, non-randomised studies, and quantitative descriptive studies that report recruitment strategies based in general practice and LCS outcomes will be eligible. Screening and data extraction will be conducted independently by two reviewers. The risk of bias and overall certainty of findings will be assessed using the MMAT and GRADE tools, respectively. The Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR) checklist will be used for data extraction and the Behavioural Change Techniques (BCT) Taxonomy for data analysis of the components of interventions. Conclusion This review will provide data on the most effective general practice-based recruitment strategies aimed at improving LCS participation. Understanding the most effective and equitable strategies is important in the development of successful LCS and ensuring individuals at the greatest risk can participate.
Knowledge, perceptions, interest, and use of integrative medicine among U.S. allopathic medical students
Authors: Loy Michelle
Published: December 2023

Background: Acceptance, interest, and demand for Complementary Integrative Medicine (CIM) has been steadily growing within the US. Yet despite increased use, patient non-disclosure and physician lack of comfort in discussion is common. Medical students (MS) express interest in CIM. Educational exposure affects attitudes, cultural competence, interprofessional education, knowledge, and clinical skills. A few studies include US MS; however, most studies have been done outside the US.

Aims: Our study examined first year US allopathic MS knowledge, perception, and attitudes toward IM for patient care, current personal use, and modalities of interest.

Methods:  The study was conducted on first year MS from 2020-2022 who participated in a 3-hour IM session within the required Essential Principles of Medicine course at a US allopathic medical school. Five questions were disseminated through Poll Everywhere during a lecture given by an IM board certified physician and students were invited to respond. Questions assessed student definition of IM, perception of patient barriers in discussing IM, perception of physician barriers in discussing IM, personal use, and modalities of interest.

Results: MS attitude toward IM was generally positive based on word choice. MS perception of patient barriers in discussing IM focused on emotional factors rather than knowledge and understanding, whereas medical student perception of physician barriers revolved around lack of familiarity, knowledge, and training. Students self-reported physical activity and sleep as the top ranked favorite stress-reducing self-care practice followed by cooking/eating, music, and yoga. Students were most interested in exploring pet therapy, Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and yoga.  

Conclusions: Further study with the integrative medicine attitude questionnaire (IMAQ) is recommended to determine whether results are generalizable. Integrating IM education and experience into the conventional medical curriculum is of interest to allopathic US MS and may prepare students for optimizing future patient care as well as clinician wellness.
The genome sequence of a digger wasp, Ectemnius lituratus (Panzer,1805)
Authors: Crowley Liam M. ,   University of Oxford and Wytham Woods Genome Acquisition Lab,   Darwin Tree of Life Barcoding collective,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Programme,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: DNA Pipelines collective,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Core Informatics Team,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: December 2023

We present a genome assembly from an individual female Ectemnius lituratus (a digger wasp; Arthropoda; Insecta; Hymenoptera; Crabronidae). The genome sequence is 235.1 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 13 chromosomal pseudomolecules. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 29.67 kilobases in length. Gene annotation of this assembly on Ensembl identified 9,724 protein coding genes.
Os discursos iniciais do (NEO?)Integralismo: Análise em profundidade sobre um discurso de Plínio Salgado em 1961 | The initial discourses of (neo?)integralism: in-depth analysis of a speech by Plínio Salgado in 1961
Authors: Schargel Sergio
Published: November 2023

Com quase cem anos dentro do debate público brasileiro, o Integralismo perpassou diversos estágios e ciclos, se modificando internamente conforme a época. Ao tomar como base teórica o livro de Gonçalves e Neto, O fascismo em camisas verdes, a proposta deste trabalho é produzir uma análise de conteúdo sobre um dos discursos de Plínio Salgado, no caso na Câmara dos Deputados em 1961. Nele, pronunciado poucos dias antes da renúncia de Jânio Quadros, Salgado se opõe a proposta de retomada de relações exteriores com a União Soviética. Tomando como objeto um material pouco analisado das fases mais tardias do Integralismo, é possível pensar nas alterações e permanências desse movimento, em particular após 1945, compreendendo seus principais argumentos, ao menos no plano discursivo.
Recebido em: 11 fev. 2023 | Aceito em: 14 nov. 2023.
Conventional versus lateral fasciotomy for prevention of lateral femoral cutaneous nerve injury in the non-fan-type nerve in total hip arthroplasty with direct anterior approach
Authors: Tanabe Hiroki , Baba Tomonori , Ozaki Yu , Yanagisawa Naotake , Homma Yasuhiro , Nagao Masashi , Kaneko Kazuo , Ishijima Muneaki
Published: December 2023

Aims

Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve (LFCN) injury is a potential complication after the direct anterior approach for total hip arthroplasty (DAA-THA). The aim of this study was to determine how the location of the fasciotomy in DAA-THA affects LFCN injury.

Methods

In this trial, 134 patients were randomized into a lateral fasciotomy (n = 67) or a conventional fasciotomy (n = 67) group. This study was a dual-centre, double-blind, prospective randomized controlled two-arm trial with parallel group design and a 1:1 allocation ratio. The primary endpoint was the presence of LFCN injury, which was determined by the presence of numbness, decreased sensation, tingling, jolt-like sensation, or pain over the lateral aspect of the thigh, excluding the surgical scar, using a patient-based questionnaire. The secondary endpoints were patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities osteoarthritis index (WOMAC), Japanese Orthopaedic Association Hip Disease Evaluation Questionnaire (JHEQ), and the Forgotten Joint Score-12 (FJS-12). Assessments were obtained three months after surgery.

Results

The incidence of LFCN injury tended to be lower in the lateral fasciotomy group (p = 0.089). In the lateral fasciotomy group, there were no significant differences in the mean PROM scores between patients with and without LFCN injury (FJS-12: 54.42 (SD 15.77) vs 65.06 (SD 26.14); p = 0.074; JHEQ: 55.21 (SD 12.10) vs 59.72 (SD 16.50); p = 0.288; WOMAC: 82.45 (SD 6.84) vs 84.40 (SD 17.91); p = 0.728). In the conventional fasciotomy group, there were significant differences in FJS-12 and JHEQ between patients with and without LFCN injury (FJS-12: 43.21 (SD 23.08) vs 67.28 (SD 20.47); p < 0.001; JHEQ: 49.52 (SD 13.97) vs 59.59 (SD 15.18); p = 0.012); however, there was no significant difference in WOMAC (76.63 (SD 16.81) vs 84.16 (SD 15.94); p = 0.107).

Conclusion

The incidence of LFCN injury at three months after THA was comparable between the lateral and conventional fasciotomy groups. Further studies are needed to assess the long-term effects of these approaches.

Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2023;105-B(12):1252–1258.
Older age at surgery and postoperative leg length discrepancy are risk factors for unfavourable patient-reported outcome measures of knee tumour endoprostheses following resection for musculoskeletal tumour of the lower limb
Authors: Kokubu Yasuhiko , Fujiwara Toshifumi , Matsumoto Yoshihiro , Endo Makoto , Setsu Nokitaka , Iida Keiichiro , Nabeshima Akira , Nakashima Yasuharu
Published: December 2023

Aims

To evaluate mid-to long-term patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) of endoprosthetic reconstruction after resection of malignant tumours arising around the knee, and to investigate the risk factors for unfavourable PROMs.

Methods

The medical records of 75 patients who underwent surgery between 2000 and 2020 were retrospectively reviewed, and 44 patients who were alive and available for follow-up (at a mean of 9.7 years postoperatively) were included in the study. Leg length discrepancy was measured on whole-leg radiographs, and functional assessment was performed with PROMs (Toronto Extremity Salvage Score (TESS) and Comprehensive Outcome Measure for Musculoskeletal Oncology Lower Extremity (COMMON-LE)) with two different aspects. The thresholds for unfavourable PROMs were determined using anchor questions regarding satisfaction, and the risk factors for unfavourable PROMs were investigated.

Results

The thresholds for favourable TESS and COMMON were 64.8 and 70.4 points, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that age at surgery (p = 0.004) and postoperative leg length discrepancy (p = 0.043) were significant risk factors for unfavourable TESS results, while age at surgery (p < 0.001) was a significant risk factor for unfavourable COMMON-LE results. Following receiver operating characteristic analysis, the threshold for both TESS and COMMON-LE was 29 years of age at surgery. Additionally, a leg length discrepancy of 8.2 mm was the threshold for unfavourable TESS.

Conclusion

Patients aged > 29 years at the time of surgery require appropriate preoperative counselling and adequate postoperative physical and socioemotional support. Reconstruction equivalent to the length of the resected bone can reduce the risk of functional disabilities in daily living.

Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2023;4(12):906–913.
Deep Learning-based Cryptanalysis on Double Random Phase Encoding
Authors: Jeong Ongee , Moon Inkyu
Published: November 2023

We overview deep learning-based cryptanalysis schemes on DRPE, which find the weakness of the DRPE by classifying the DRPE images. We show the classification performance is almost the same as the original image.
Sensing, Visualization, and Recognition in Degraded Environment using Passive Multidimensional Integral Imaging (Keynote Address)
Authors: Javidi Bahram
Published: November 2023

This keynote-address presents an overview of passive multidimensional integral-imaging for sensing, visualization, and recognition in degraded-environments including turbid underwater signal detection, 3D visualization in low-light, fog, and obscurations, gesture-recognition, long-wave IR imaging, and depth estimation.
Development of Computational Volumetric Reconstruction Algorithm for Multiple Planar Integral Imaging
Authors: Green Nathan , Shen Xin
Published: November 2023

In this work, we developed a three-dimensional volumetric computational reconstruction algorithm based on conventional integral imaging and axially distributed sensing architectures for a generalized 3 degree-of-freedom multi-perspective 3D sensing configuration.
Detection and Mapping of Specular Surfaces Using Multibounce Lidar Returns
Authors: Henley Connor , Somasundaram Siddharth , Hollmann Joseph , Raskar Ramesh
Published: November 2023

We show that specular surfaces can be detected and localized from measurements of the time-of-flight and angle-of-arrival of multibounce return signals. We experimentally demonstrate these principles by scanning the shapes of a window and mirror.
Soft-matter based micro-lenses: from liquids to living cells
Authors: Miccio Lisa , Memmolo Pasquale , Behal Jaromir , Pirone Daniele , Bianco Vittorio , Ferraro Pietro
Published: November 2023

MicroLenses Array are ubiquitous in current technologies because of miniaturization needs. Applications ranges from high-resolution endoscopes to OLED. Here, a fabrication\actuation principle exploiting ferroelectric crystal is presented and a new paradigm on bio-lenses described.
Dead-Time Effect on SPAD Efficiency
Authors: Albeck Yishai , Greenberg Eran , Arusi-Parpar Talya
Published: November 2023

We inspect the influence of the SPAD dead-time on the detector efficiency, while emphasizing the difference between gated and ungated operation mode. We suggest analytical expressions and compare them to simulated and experimental results.
Nonlinear Optical Trap Modeling of Rayleigh Particles
Authors: Mirzaei-Ghormish Siavash , Duke Spencer , Smalley Daniel E.
Published: November 2023

We present theoretical calculations of linear and nonlinear optical trapping using the dipole approximation. We investigate the effect of nonlinearities on dielectric and plasmonic particles under both continuous and pulse excitations. Theoretical calculations show that Kerr nonlinearities under pulse illumination increase the transverse and longitudinal stabilities of the dielectric nanoparticles, moreover, the nonlinearities decrease the transverse stability and increase the longitudinal stability of plasmonic nanoparticles. These calculations help us to better understand the dynamic of levitated optomechanical systems.
Investigation of Electromagnetic Fields in HEDP Experiments Using Proton Radiography
Authors: Pearcy J. A. , Sutcliffe G. D. , Johnson T. M. , Reichelt B. L. , Dannhoff S. G. , Barnak D. , Frenje J. , Gatu-Johnson M. , Petrasso R. D. , Li C. K.
Published: November 2023

Proton radiography is a critical diagnostic in high energy density physics (HEDP) experiments, and recent developments to radiography analysis enable detailed reconstruction of proton deflections from images. We discuss here methods for using such reconstructions to discriminate between electric and magnetic field deflections of probing particles.
Diffractive Image Reconstruction Utilizing Molecular Dynamics Enabling Near Atomic Resolution
Authors: Meziere Jason , Pateras Anastasios , Harder Ross , Sandberg Richard L.
Published: November 2023

We present a new algorithm for coherent x-ray imaging that combines error minimization and molecular dynamics. We show reconstructed atomic positions from Bragg peaks off simulated 2D nanocrystals and how these converge with atomic resolution.
Laser-Driven MeV X-ray Radiography using the NIF-ARC laser system
Authors: Rusby D. , Kerr S. M. , Williams G. J. , Kemp A. , Aghedo A. , MacPhee A. , Wilks S. , Hill M. P. , Aufderheide M. , Bude J. , Mackinnon A.
Published: November 2023

High intensity lasers (>1 x 1018 W/cm2) interacting with a plasma can accelerate a spectrum of electrons whose temperature can be several mega-electron volts. It has been shown experimentally that the efficiency of laser energy into this electron population is on the order of 10s of percent. There are many potential applications of laser driven sources including the acceleration of protons from a mechanism known as Target-Normal-Sheath-Acceleration and the subsequent generation of neutrons. One application is x-ray radiography. If the populations of MeV electrons are accelerated into a high-Z converter, MeV x-rays can be generated via bremsstrahlung [1].
A high spatial resolution reconstruction method for compressed ultrafast holographic imaging
Authors: Ma Zhao , Hu Yi , Ding Yi , Zhan Xiaojiang , Li Yingrong , Xi Jiangtao
Published: November 2023

A reconstruction method combing plug-and-play generalized alternate projection (PnP-GAP) framework and deep denoising prior is proposed to obtain high-resolution holograms and high-precision phase information in compressed ultrafast holographic imaging.
Evaluation of Images Obtained by Parallel Two-step Phase-shifting Digital Holography without Recording of Reference Wave
Authors: Todo Ryuju , Inoue Tomoyoshi , Hashimoto Sota , Yamaguchi Ryuki , Notte Shun , Nishio Kenzo , Rajput Sudheesh K. , Matoba Osamu , Awatsuji Yasuhiro
Published: November 2023

Images obtained by parallel two-step phase-shifting digital holography that does not require recording of intensity of reference wave vary according to the pixel-extraction direction. We evaluated the quality of obtained images depending on the variation.
Extended Unambiguous Measurement Range in Multi-Wavelength Digital Holography Using Virtual CAD Rendered Height Maps
Authors: Laskin Gennadii , Seyler Tobias , Fratz Markus , Bertz Alexander , Carl Daniel
Published: November 2023

We present a novel method to extend the unambiguous height measurement range in multi-wavelength holography using matching with a CAD model. For test measurements the range was increased from 20 µm to 100 mm with the automatic determination of object surfaces.
Evaluation of the robustness and accuracy of PCA-based algorithms for in-line Digital Holographic Microscopy
Authors: Balachandran K. , Castaneda R. , Doblas A.
Published: November 2023

This research undergraduate study evaluates the accuracy and robustness of a PCA-based phase reconstruction algorithm based on the number of phase-shifted images and the phase step for an in-line digital holographic microscope.
Three-dimensional Integral Imaging Visualization in Scattering Medium with Active Polarization Descattering
Authors: Joshi Rakesh , Javidi Bahram
Published: November 2023

We present an integral image-based polarization descattering for underwater object visualization. Reconstruction based on integral imaging reduces noise and improves the estimation of the intermediate parameters required for polarization-based image recovery.
In-line cell-phone holographic microscope using plane wave illumination and an iterative algorithm
Authors: Cruz Maria-Luisa , Martínez-Márquez Mariana , Torres-Plumarejo Luis
Published: November 2023

We propose an in-line cell-phone holographic microscope in combination with an iterative algorithm to retrieve the complex field of microscopic samples with high resolution at low cost.
Holographic Display Using Magneto-optical Spatial Light Modulator with 50-M pixels and 1-μm pixel pitch
Authors: Higashida Ryo , Kawana Mayumi , Aoshima Ken-ichi , Funabashi Nobuhiko
Published: November 2023

We clarified a bias magnetic field can correct the asymmetric magnetization switching properties of a fabricated magneto-optical spatial light modulator with 50-M pixels and 1-μm pixel pitch. Additionally, the successful holographic images reconstruction was demonstrated.
Quadrature Transform Based Surface Profiling of Speaker’s Diaphragm Using Fringe Projection Profilometry
Authors: Sharma Shivam , Sheoran Gyanendra , Kumari Vineeta
Published: November 2023

Quadrature transform-based fringe projection profilometry is proposed for surface profiling of the speaker’s diaphragm. Experimental and simulated results show that quadrature transform outperforms Fourier transform and four-step phase-shifting techniques for dynamic object analysis.
Combined effect of pin-mirror and concave mirror as out-couplers in Maxwellian holographic near-eye displays
Authors: Kumar Raj , Choi Myeong-Ho , Jang Junyoung , Park Jae-Hyeung
Published: November 2023

Studies on a near-eye display for augmented reality (AR) applications using the combined effect of holographic pin-mirrors and a holographic mirror based Maxwellian schemes are reported. Preliminary experimental results demonstrating the proof of concept are discussed.
Point Cloud Holographic Encryption Display System involving 3D Face Recognition and air-writing
Authors: Ji Jia-Hui , Zhao Yu , Bu Jing-Wen , Zhang Tao
Published: November 2023

We propose a holographic display system involving face recognition, air-writing, and multiple point cloud gridding encryption (M-PCGE) methods to provide multi-level security for objects. The feasibility of the proposed methods is confirmed by numerical reconstruction.
The Effect of Background Color in 3D Integral Imaging
Authors: Shaghaghi Mohadese , Hassanzad Fatemeh , Moradi Ali-Reza
Published: November 2023

We address the background color effect in integral imaging. The investigation is performed on 3D scenes consisting dice of red, green, blue and white colors. The reconstructed images are compared via measurement of their contrast.
Wide-field, High-resolution Snapshot Compressive Microscopy for Laser Materials Manufacturing
Authors: Wang Xiaodong , Cao Miao , Shi Liping , Geng Jiao , Yuan Xin
Published: November 2023

We propose a dual-path snapshot temporal compressive microscopy for laser materials manufacturing. Specifically, using such method with camera working at 50fps, we can reconstruct video with 2mm FOV and 775nm resolution at 500fps. We expect this method will find applications in laser materials manufacturing.
High-speed compressive video via temporal-coding illumination
Authors: Guzmán Felipe , Hu Minghao , Dong Zhipeng , Brady David J. , Vera Esteban
Published: November 2023

We describe video snapshot compressive imaging using infrared LED illumination. In baseball pitch tracking experiments, we demonstrate 16x improvement in temporal sampling rate. Infrared modulation enables coded illumination without affecting visible image quality.
Compressive spectral video by optimal 4D-sphere packing
Authors: Díaz Nelson , Alvarado Alejandro , Meza Pablo , Vera Esteban
Published: November 2023

This work presents a mathematical framework to design 4D-coded aperture (CA)s for compressive snapshot spectral video (SV) exploiting 4D-sphere packing (SP). Simulation results using state-of-the-art datasets and metrics show a promising performance of the proposed approach to capture high-dimensional datacubes with limited sensing resources.
Fourier Ptychographic Iterative Engine Based on Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers with Anisotropic Total-Variation Regularization
Authors: Lee Kyung Chul , Chae Hyesuk , Xu Shiqi , Lee Kyungwon , Horstmeyer Roarke , Hong Byung-Woo , Lee Seung Ah
Published: November 2023

We propose an ADMM-based phase retrieval algorithm for FP that utilizes anisotropic total variation regularization for the object function and L2 regularization for pupil functions. All our results in simulation and real experiments demonstrate that our algorithm outperforms the Gauss-Newton algorithm in terms of object and pupil function recovery. Our findings suggest that our algorithm enables the reconstruction of the objective function using a shorter exposure time and fewer measurements as a factor of 60x.
High-performance EUV Ptychography at 13.5 nm
Authors: Eschen W. , Liu C. , Penagos Molina D. S. , Klas R. , Limpert J. , Rothhardt J.
Published: November 2023

We present table-top high-speed EUV ptychography at 13.5 nm. Employing a novel sCMOS detector enables 5x faster wide-field imaging with an imaging speed of 4.6 Mpix/h. Further, Hertz-scale high-resolution EUV wavefront sensing is demonstrated.
Multi-domain Discrete Spectral Image Fusion via Implicit Neural Representation
Authors: Herrera-Poveda Manuel , Morales-Norato David , Garcia Hans , Castillo Sergio , Jerez Andrés , Arguello Henry
Published: November 2023

This work proposes a spectral image fusion methodology by using implicit neural representation, which allows obtaining continuous spectral information from multi-domain discrete measurements.
Dynamic High-Precision 3D Measurements with an Interferometric Single-Shot ToF Camera
Authors: Ballester Manuel , Wang Heming , Cossairt Oliver , Willomitzer Florian
Published: November 2023

We provide an overview of our novel single-shot Time-of-Flight camera concept, based on Synthetic-Wavelength-Interferometry. The introduced prototype allows for dynamic 3D reconstructions with high depth precision.
A Low SWaP-C Passive Method for Increasing Native Modulation Contrast in Semiconductor Light Sources
Authors: Ahsanullah Danyal , Balaji Muralidhar M. , Rangarajan Prasanna
Published: November 2023

A passive method for extending the native contrast range of semiconductor light sources using spectral filters is presented from both a theoretical framework including performance bounds. The approach is experimentally verified.
Fiber Bundle Pattern Removal using Fixed-Point Landweber Iteration
Authors: Saiham Dewan , Zhu Zheyuan , Klein Andrew B. , Pang Sean
Published: November 2023

To eliminate the fixed pattern of fiber bundle images, we present a fixed-point Landweber iterative solver implemented on a low precision processor that can achieve results comparable to floating-point processors in same number of iterations.
Differentiable Optimization for Inverse Problems in Adaptive Optics and Object Tracking
Authors: Vishniakou Ivan , Seelig Johannes D.
Published: November 2023

Differerntiable model optimization is an approach for solving inverse problems where the forward process is known and deterministic. We employ this approach for wave-front sensing for adaptive optics and other similar problems, such as tracking the identity of multiple indistinguishable objects.
Phase Retrieval of High Energy Focal Spots with Strong Speckle Noise
Authors: Bahk Seung-Whan , Tang Joseph S. , Fienup James R.
Published: November 2023

Phase retrieval was successfully performed on the high energy focal spots data affected by strong additive speckle noise by using an error metric based on the statistics of both the speckle and gaussian noise.
Forward and Inverse Models of Event Based Sensors for Target Tracking Tasks
Authors: Trzaska Jacob , Ashok Amit
Published: November 2023

We develop a statistical forward model for event cameras with an eye towards developing a maximum-likelihood estimator for tracking tasks. We demonstrate the utility of our approach through simulation of small focal-array sensors.
Removing wall redundancy in non-line-of-sight object-tracking using neuromorphic imaging
Authors: Zhu Shuo , Ge Zhou , Wang Chutian , Han Jing , Lam Edmund Y.
Published: November 2023

It is crucial to consider the influence of the relay wall in intensity-based non-line-of-sight (NLOS) imaging applications. In this work, we propose a neuromorphic imaging technique for NLOS object-tracking that is unaffected by the relay surface.
Simulation-efficient Modeling of Light Propagation using Neural Networks
Authors: Dove Charles , Boondicharern Jatearoon , Waller Laura
Published: November 2023

We propose a new neural network approach to simulating light propagation using direct intermediate prediction, which requires fewer independent training simulations, admits an efficiently-calculated physics-informed loss function, and produces more accurate predictions than existing methods.
Neural Wavefront Shaping in the Photon-Starved Regime
Authors: Feng Brandon Y. , Guo Haiyun , Xie Mingyang , Boominathan Vivek , Sharma Manoj K. , Veeraraghavan Ashok , Metzler Christopher A.
Published: November 2023

Neural Wavefront Shaping (NeuWS) is a recently developed guidestar-free wavefront shaping technique which enables imaging through scattering media at the diffraction-limit. We show NeuWS’s performance degrades gradually and gracefully in the photon-starved regime.
Computational Wavefront Shaping with Epi-mode 3D Refractive Index Microscopy
Authors: Cai Mingxuan , Zhou Kevin C. , Xue Yi , Waller Laura
Published: November 2023

We present a wavefront shaping method that computes the optimal wavefront for random-access focusing through scattering in 3D, by using prior knowledge of the reconstructed 3D refractive index (RI), measured in epi-mode.
Remote Sensing of Neurodegeneration by Diffuse Correlation Spectroscopy
Authors: Binner Philip , Starshynov Ilya , McFall Aisling , Tejeda Gonzalo , Kapitany Valentin , Molloy Colin , Tobin Andrew B. , Faccio Daniele
Published: November 2023

Current techniques for detecting neurodegeneration are either expensive, done symptomatically or in postmortem. We report a novel application of diffuse correlation spectroscopy to detect neurodegeneration, which can be scaled towards a remote and non-invasive procedure.
Patterning Light for High Throughput, High Content, Deep Tissue Imaging
Authors: Zhou Jian , Wadduwage Dushan N. , So Peter T. C.
Published: November 2023

Patterned excitation in combination with multiphoton temporal focus enable rapid full field imaging in moderate tissue depths.
Simulating Holograms from 3D CAD Models via Inverse Hologram Reconstruction for Multiwavelength Holography
Authors: Aslan Marc Johannes , Seyler Tobias , Fratz Markus , Bertz Alexander , Carl Daniel , Beck Maxim , Riedmüller Kim Rouven , Liewald Mathias
Published: November 2023

We propose a novel method to simulate digital holograms for multiwavelength holography using height maps generated from arbitrary 3D CAD models. The simulated holograms can be numerically reconstructed and analyzed for error compensation methods.
An Open-Source Tool for Non-telecentric Digital Holographic Microscopy Reconstruction
Authors: Bogue-Jimenez B. , Trujillo C. , Doblas A.
Published: November 2023

Digital holographic microscopes operating in non-telecentric mode introduce a spherical wavefront that distorts the sample's phase map, requiring its compensation for undistorted phase measurements. We have developed an open-access reconstruction tool that reconstructs non-telecentric holograms.
Volumetric Particle Imaging using Differentiable Holography
Authors: Wu Yang , Wang Jun , Chen Ni
Published: November 2023

Utilizing automatic differentiation and physical constraints, this paper presents an accurate forward model in digital holography, achieving superior volumetric particle field imaging compared to compressive holography without approximation assumptions.
Ultrafast perovskite single crystals for positron emission tomography
Authors: Niu Guangda , Jin Tong , Xia Mengling , Liu Zheng
Published: November 2023

Two-dimensional perovskite single crystals with high light yield and short decay time were synthesized. The crystals were applied in positron emission tomography, and the coincidence time resolution for the optimized perovskite single crystals reached 119.4 ps.
Deep Neural Network for Underwater Microplankton Classification using Holograms
Authors: A Shrihari , Guha Prithwijit , Kulkarni Rishikesh Dilip
Published: November 2023

A shallow shuffled-inception network is devised and compared with six state-of-the-art methods for plankton classification. The proposed method achieved class-wise F1-scores above 89% at comparatively lower computational cost.
Single arm opto-digital JTC cryptosystem based on a phase retrieval algorithm
Authors: Vargas-Castrillon Carlos , Velez-Zea Alejandro , Barrera-Ramirez John Fredy
Published: November 2023

We present an opto-digital JTC cryptosystem with no interferometric record of the encryption key. It is based on a modified Gerchberg-Saxton algorithm that use two outputs to recover the encryption key digitally.
Wrap-free multi-wavelength phase retrieval based on the projected refractive index framework
Authors: Gao Yunhui , Cao Liangcai
Published: November 2023

We introduce an efficient and robust algorithmic framework f or multi-wavelength phase retrieval that directly recovers the absolute phase, obviating the need of phase-unwrapping steps which are computationally expensive and sensitive to noise.
Ultra-stable Dynamic-Contrast Digital Holography of Biological Tissues
Authors: Goodwin Gabriel , Lim Dawith , Turek John , Nolte David
Published: November 2023

Dynamic-contrast speckle holography of biological tissues captures low-frequency Doppler shifts associated with cancer chemotherapy but are susceptible to 1/f noise. An ultra-stable common-path low-coherence Fresnel biprism system retains dynamic sensitivity extending detection to lower frequencies.
Muon Imaging Methods and Applications
Authors: Borozdin Konstantin , Vozdolska Ralitza , Kefalos John , Crego Anthony
Published: November 2023

Radiographic techniques using cosmic-ray muons have a plethora of diverse applications, including material detection. We provide a historical review of the applications and highlight recent advancements based on machine learning, like accelerated imaging and de-blurring.
Benchmark of deep learning approaches for phase denoising in digital holography
Authors: Montresor Silvio , Yan Ketao , Tahon Marie , Qian Kemao , Yu Yingjie , Picart Pascal
Published: November 2023

This paper presents a comparative study of deep learning based algorithms to de-noise wrapped phase maps in digital holography interferometry. In order to compare two deep neural networks trained on two different databases, we propose to train both networks on both databases. The four resulting networks are then benchmarked with one unique database. We present the assessment between two models developed in Python. A third model developed in matlab is iadded in evaluation presented in this paper but will be not subject to retraining in the second step of the benchmark.
Quantifying Particle Volumes with Photon-counting Digital Holography
Authors: Zhang Yunping , Huang Jianqing , Zhu Yanmin , Li Yuxing , Lam Edmund Y.
Published: November 2023

We propose a photon-counting digital holography method to accurately reconstruct particle volumes in low light conditions. Our approach integrates a Poisson digital holography model into an unrolled network, overcoming the challenges of shot noise and low signal-to-noise ratios.
Universal Neural Network for Twin Image Suppression in Lensless Holographic Microscopy
Authors: Rogalski Mikołaj , Arcab Piotr , Trusiak Maciej
Published: November 2023

This work presents a robust neural network for twin image suppression in lensless holographic microscopy. Network universality is validated on numerical and experimental holograms collected in setups with parameters outside of network training set.
Space-division phase-shifting incoherent digital holography with a liquid crystal lens
Authors: Nobukawa Teruyoshi , Usui Masahiro , Katano Yutaro , Goto Masahide , Hagiwara Kei , Muroi Tetsuhiko
Published: November 2023

We propose and develop a space-division phase-shifting incoherent digital holographic setup with a liquid crystal lens. The lens successfully improved the light-utilization efficiency compared with our previous reflection-based setup.
Joint color optimization for holographic displays
Authors: Blinder David , Wang Fan , Schelkens Peter , Kakue Takashi , Shimobaba Tomoyoshi
Published: November 2023

Color holographic displays usually independently modulate and multiplex light for three wavelengths. We propose a novel algorithm for jointly encoding a single extended- phase SLM pattern creating color holograms surpassing the quality of the reference method.