bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stretch Sensor: Development of Biodegradable Film
Authors: Žaimis Uldis , Petronienė Jūratė Jolanta , Dzedzickis Andrius , Bučinskas Vytautas
Published: January 2024

This article presents research on biodegradable stretch sensors produced using biological material. This sensor uses a piezoresistive effect to indicate stretch, which can be used for force measurement. In this work, an attempt was made to develop the composition of a sensitive material and to design a sensor. The biodegradable base was made from a κ-carrageenan compound mixed with Fe2O3 microparticles and glycerol. The influence of the weight fraction and iron oxide microparticles on the tensile strength and Young’s modulus was experimentally investigated. Tensile test specimens consisted of 10–25% iron oxide microparticles of various sizes. The results showed that increasing the mass fraction of the reinforcement improved the Young’s modulus compared to the pure sample and decreased the elongation percentage. The GF of the developed films varies from 0.67 to 10.47 depending on composition. In this paper, it was shown that the incorporation of appropriate amounts of Fe2O3 microparticles into κ-carrageenan can achieve dramatic improvements in mechanical properties, resulting in elongation of up to 10%. The developed sensors were experimentally tested, and their sensitivity, stability, and range were determined. Finally, conclusions were drawn on the results obtained.
Application of Pathfinding Algorithms in Partial Discharge Localization in Power Transformers
Authors: Beura Chandra Prakash , Wolters Jorim , Tenbohlen Stefan
Published: January 2024

The introduction of artificial intelligence (AI) to ultra-high-frequency (UHF) partial discharge (PD) monitoring systems in power transformers for the localization of PD sources can help create a robust and reliable system with high usability and precision. However, training the AI with experimental data or data from electromagnetic simulation is costly and time-consuming. Furthermore, electromagnetic simulations often calculate more data than needed, whereas, for localization, the signal time-of-flight information is the most important. A tailored pathfinding algorithm can bypass the time-consuming and computationally expensive process of simulating or collecting data from experiments and be used to create the necessary training data for an AI-based monitoring system of partial discharges in power transformers. In this contribution, Dijkstra’s algorithm is used with additional line-of-sight propagation algorithms to determine the paths of the electromagnetic waves generated by PD sources in a three-dimensional (3D) computer-aided design (CAD) model of a 300 MVA power transformer. The time-of-flight information is compared with results from experiments and electromagnetic simulations, and it is found that the algorithm maintains accuracy similar to that of the electromagnetic simulation software, with some under/overestimations in specific scenarios, while being much faster at calculations.
Distributed Sequential Detection for Cooperative Spectrum Sensing in Cognitive Internet of Things
Authors: Wu Jun , Qiu Zhaoyang , Dai Mingyuan , Bao Jianrong , Xu Xiaorong , Cao Weiwei
Published: January 2024

The rapid development of wireless communication technology has led to an increasing number of internet of thing (IoT) devices, and the demand for spectrum for these devices and their related applications is also increasing. However, spectrum scarcity has become an increasingly serious problem. Therefore, we introduce a collaborative spectrum sensing (CSS) framework in this paper to identify available spectrum resources so that IoT devices can access them and, meanwhile, avoid causing harmful interference to the normal communication of the primary user (PU). However, in the process of sensing the PUs signal in IoT devices, the issue of sensing time and decision cost (the cost of determining whether the signal state of the PU is correct or incorrect) arises. To this end, we propose a distributed cognitive IoT model, which includes two IoT devices independently using sequential decision rules to detect the PU. On this basis, we define the sensing time and cost functions for IoT devices and formulate an average cost optimization problem in CSS. To solve this problem, we further regard the optimal sensing time problem as a finite horizon problem and solve the threshold of the optimal decision rule by person-by-person optimization (PBPO) methodology and dynamic programming. At last, numerical simulation results demonstrate the correctness of our proposal in terms of the global false alarm and miss detection probability, and it always achieves minimal average cost under various costs of each observation taken and thresholds.
Correction: Masi et al. Stress and Workload Assessment in Aviation—A Narrative Review. Sensors 2023, 23, 3556
Authors: Masi Giulia , Amprimo Gianluca , Ferraris Claudia , Priano Lorenzo
Published: January 2024

The published publication [...]
Experimental Investigation of Pore Pressure on Sandy Seabed around Submarine Pipeline under Irregular Wave Loading
Authors: Fu Changjing , Wang Jinguo , Zhao Tianlong
Published: January 2024

The propagation of shallow-water waves may cause liquefaction of the seabed, thereby reducing its support capacity for pipelines and potentially leading to pipeline settlement or deformation. To ensure the stability of buried pipelines, it is crucial to consider the excess pore pressure induced by irregular waves thoroughly. This paper presents the findings of an experimental study on excess pore pressure caused by irregular waves on a sandy seabed. A series of two-dimensional wave flume experiments investigated the excess pore pressure generated by irregular waves. Based on the experimental results, this study examined the influences of irregular wave characteristics and pipeline proximity on excess pore pressure. Using test data, the signal analysis method was employed to categorize different modes of excess pore-water pressure growth into two types and explore the mechanism underlying pore pressure development under the influence of irregular waves.
Intuitive Cell Manipulation Microscope System with Haptic Device for Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection Simplification
Authors: Sakamoto Kazuya , Aoyama Tadayoshi , Takeuchi Masaru , Hasegawa Yasuhisa
Published: January 2024

In recent years, the demand for effective intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) for the treatment of male infertility has increased. The ICSI operation is complicated as it involves delicate organs and requires a high level of skill. Several cell manipulation systems that do not require such skills have been proposed; notably, several automated methods are available for cell rotation. However, these methods are unfeasible for the delicate ICSI medical procedure because of safety issues. Thus, this study proposes a microscopic system that enables intuitive micropipette manipulation using a haptic device that safely and efficiently performs the entire ICSI procedure. The proposed system switches between field-of-view expansion and three-dimensional image presentation to present images according to the operational stage. In addition, the system enables intuitive pipette manipulation using a haptic device. Experiments were conducted on microbeads instead of oocytes. The results confirmed that the time required for the experimental task was improved by 52.6%, and the injection error was improved by 75.3% compared to those observed in the conventional system.
Solubility of Gallic Acid in Single and Mixed Solvents
Authors: Park Yea-Rok , Lee Bong-Seop
Published: January 2024

Gallic acid, known for its biological activity contributing to human health, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and antimutagenic properties, was the focus of this study. The solubility of gallic acid was experimentally measured in pure and mixed solvents of water, ethanol, and acetic acid and predicted using the COSMO-SAC model and the Hansen solubility parameter. The Hansen solubility parameter method predicted a higher solubility of gallic acid in pure water than in pure ethanol, and in a mixed solvent, it predicted the maximum solubility at 80% water content, showing different results from the experimental data trends. However, using the molar volume obtained from COSMO calculations resulted in a tendency that matched the experimental results. The results revealed higher solubility in ethanol compared to water, with the solubility in mixed solvent falling within the range between them. Using the same method, the Hansen solubility parameter obtained was applied to acetic acid/water and acetic acid/ethanol mixtures, and similar trends were observed compared to experimental data. In particular, gallic acid in the acetic acid/water mixture solvent exhibited maximum solubility, and this phenomenon was well-predicted. As the temperature increased, solubility in both pure and mixed solvents also increased. While the COSMO-SAC model effectively captured this trend, the predicted solubility values were slightly lower than the experimental data. The solubility trends depending on solvent types were confirmed by comparing the σ-profiles of each compound. The σ-profile of gallic acid closely resembled that of ethanol, and this result led to higher solubility than water and acetic acid. The maximum solubility in ethanol/water and acetic acid/water mixed solvents could be anticipated when two solvents with significant differences in their σ-profiles are mixed in an appropriate ratio.
Sporting Mind: The Interplay of Physical Activity and Psychological Health
Authors: Martín-Rodríguez Alexandra , Gostian-Ropotin Laura Augusta , Beltrán-Velasco Ana Isabel , Belando-Pedreño Noelia , Simón Juan Antonio , López-Mora Clara , Navarro-Jiménez Eduardo , Tornero-Aguilera José Francisco , Clemente-Suárez Vicente Javier
Published: January 2024

The symbiotic relationship between sports practice and psychological well-being has, in recent times, surged to the forefront of academic and public attention. The aim of this narrative review is to comprehensively explore the intricate pathways linking physical engagement in sports to its subsequent impacts on mental health and synthesize the multifarious effects of sports on psychological health, offering insights for integrating physical and psychological strategies to enhance well-being. From neurobiological underpinnings to therapeutic applications, this comprehensive manuscript provides an in-depth dive into the multifaceted world of sports and psychology. Highlighting evidence-based interventions, this review aspires to offer actionable insights for practitioners, athletes, and individuals alike, advocating for a holistic approach to mental well-being. This manuscript highlights the profound impact of sports on mental health, emphasizing its role in emotional regulation, resilience, cognitive function, and treating psychological conditions. It details how sports induce neurochemical changes, enhance brain functions like memory and learning, and aid against cognitive decline. This review also notes the benefits of regular exercise in mood improvement, stress management, and social skill enhancement, particularly when combined with mindfulness practices. It underscores the importance of considering cultural and gender perspectives in sports psychology, advocating for an integrated physical–psychological approach to promote overall well-being.
Pricing Decisions in Construction and Demolition Waste Recycling Supply Chains under Carbon Tax Scenarios
Authors: Zhang Hao , Chen Weihong , Peng Jie , Wang Yuhan , Zeng Lianghui , Gao Peiao , Zhu Xiaowen , Li Xingwei
Published: January 2024

Pricing decisions for construction and demolition waste recycling are severely hampered by consumer uncertainty in assessing the value of recycled building materials. This paper uses a construction and demolition waste (CDW) recycling utilization model that consists of a building materials manufacturer and a building materials remanufacturer and compares both the prices and the profits under different carbon tax scenarios, i.e., consumer risk-averse and risk-neutral scenarios. The main conclusions are as follows. (1) The optimal price of traditional products is always negatively correlated with consumer risk aversion. Unlike traditional products, the optimal price of recycled building materials is negatively related to the degree of consumer risk aversion in the case of a low carbon tax; the opposite conclusion is obtained in the case of a high carbon tax. (2) When the abatement cost coefficient is below the threshold and the carbon tax is low, the profits of the building materials manufacturer and remanufacturer show a U-shaped trend with consumer risk aversion; in the case of a high carbon tax, the profits of the two enterprises are positively correlated with consumer risk aversion. In addition, when the abatement cost coefficient is above the threshold, there is an interval in which the profits of the building materials manufacturer are positively correlated with consumer risk aversion in the case in which the carbon tax satisfies this interval. In all the other cases, there is a U-shaped trend in profits and consumer risk aversion levels for both the building materials manufacturer and the remanufacturer.
Teeth as an Indicator of the Environmental Exposure of Silesia Province’s Inhabitants in Poland to Metallic Trace Elements
Authors: Domagalska Joanna , Ćwieląg-Drabek Małgorzata , Dziubanek Grzegorz , Ulatowska Natalia , Bortlik Sylwia , Piekut Agata
Published: January 2024

(1) Background: The elemental composition of teeth can provide an estimate of environmental exposure to heavy metals. The aim of this study was to analyze the possibility of using teeth in the biomonitoring of environmental exposure to heavy metals as an indicator of contaminants present in the human residential environment. (2) Methods: The research materials were 110 samples of extracted teeth. The samples were taken from people living in three areas in the province of Silesia. The concentrations of cadmium, lead, and mercury in the samples were determined. (3) Results: The results of the chemical analysis of the collected samples showed a significant variation in the concentrations of heavy metals (Cd, Pb, and Hg) in the analyzed teeth. Furthermore, the mean concentrations of the analyzed heavy metals in the teeth varied according to the patient’s place of residence, the type of tooth analyzed, the presence of caries in the patient, and the smoking or non-smoking status of the patient. (4) Conclusions: The results of the chemical analysis of the teeth of inhabitants of three cities in the most polluted region of Poland indicate that they can be used as an indicator of environmental exposure to cadmium, lead, and mercury.
Patterns of Animal Rabies Prevalence in Northern South Africa between 1998 and 2022
Authors: Mogano Kgaogelo , Sabeta Claude Taurai , Suzuki Toru , Makita Kohei , Chirima George Johannes
Published: January 2024

Rabies is endemic in South Africa and rabies cycles are maintained in both domestic and wildlife species. The significant number of canine rabies cases reported by the World Organization for Animal Health Reference Laboratory for Rabies at Onderstepoort suggests the need for increased research and mass dog vaccinations on specific targeted foci in the country. This study aimed to investigate the spatiotemporal distribution of animal rabies cases from 1998 to 2017 in northern South Africa and environmental factors associated with highly enzootic municipalities. A descriptive analysis was used to investigate temporal patterns. The Getis-Ord Gi statistical tool was used to exhibit low and high clusters. Logistic regression was used to examine the association between the predictor variables and highly enzootic municipalities. A total of 9580 specimens were submitted for rabies diagnosis between 1998 and 2022. The highest positive case rates were from companion animals (1733 cases, 59.71%), followed by livestock (635 cases, 21.88%) and wildlife (621 cases, 21.39%). Rabies cases were reported throughout the year, with the majority occurring in the mid-dry season. Hot spots were frequently in the northern and eastern parts of Limpopo and Mpumalanga. Thicket bush and grassland were associated with rabies between 1998 and 2002. However, between 2008 and 2012, cultivated commercial crops and waterbodies were associated with rabies occurrence. In the last period, plantations and woodlands were associated with animal rabies. Of the total number of municipalities, five consistently and repeatedly had the highest rabies prevalence rates. These findings suggest that authorities should prioritize resources for those municipalities for rabies elimination and management.
On the Implications of |Uμi| = |Uτi| in the Canonical Seesaw Mechanism
Authors: Lu Jianlong , Chan Aik Hui , Oh Choo Hiap
Published: January 2024

In the PMNS matrix, the relation |Uμi| = |Uτi| (with i=1,2,3) is experimentally favored at the present stage. The possible implications of this relation on some hidden flavor symmetry has attracted a lot of interest in the neutrino community. In this paper, we analyze the implications of |Uμi| = |Uτi| (with i=1,2,3) in the context of the canonical seesaw mechanism. We also show that the minimal μ−τ symmetry proposed in JHEP 06 (2022) 034 is a possible but not necessary reason for the above-mentioned relation.
Color-Flu Fluorescent Reporter Influenza A Viruses Allow for In Vivo Studies of Innate Immune Function in Zebrafish
Authors: Soos Brandy-Lee , Ballinger Alec , Weinstein Mykayla , Foreman Haley , Grampone Julianna , Weafer Samuel , Aylesworth Connor , King Benjamin L.
Published: January 2024

Influenza virus infection can cause severe respiratory disease and is estimated to cause millions of illnesses annually. Studies on the contribution of the innate immune response to influenza A virus (IAV) to viral pathogenesis may yield new antiviral strategies. Zebrafish larvae are useful models for studying the innate immune response to pathogens, including IAV, in vivo. Here, we demonstrate how Color-flu, four fluorescent IAV strains originally developed for mice, can be used to study the host response to infection by simultaneously monitoring infected cells, neutrophils, and macrophages in vivo. Using this model, we show how the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, ramipril, and mitophagy inhibitor, MDIVI-1, improved survival, decreased viral burden, and improved the respiratory burst response to IAV infection. The Color-flu zebrafish larvae model of IAV infection is complementary to other models where the dynamics of infection and the response of innate immune cells can be visualized in a transparent host in vivo.
The Global Evolutionary History of Orf Virus in Sheep and Goats Revealed by Whole Genomes Data
Authors: Coradduzza Elisabetta , Scarpa Fabio , Rocchigiani Angela Maria , Cacciotto Carla , Lostia Giada , Fiori Mariangela Stefania , Rodriguez Valera Yoel , De Pascali Alessandra Mistral , Brandolini Martina , Azzena Ilenia , Locci Chiara , Casu Marco , Bechere Roberto , Pintus Davide , Ligios Ciriaco , Scagliarini Alessandra , Sanna Daria , Puggioni Giantonella
Published: January 2024

Orf virus (ORFV) belongs to the genus Parapoxvirus (Poxviridae family). It is the causative agent of contagious ecthyma (CE) that is an economically detrimental disease affecting small ruminants globally. Contagious ecthyma outbreaks are usually reported in intensive breeding of sheep and goats but they have also been reported in wildlife species. Notably, ORFV can infect humans, leading to a zoonotic disease. This study aims to elucidate the global evolutionary history of ORFV genomes in sheep and goats, including the first genomes from Central America in the analyses. In comparison to the last study on ORFV whole genomes, the database now includes 11 more sheep and goat genomes, representing an increase of 42%. The analysis of such a broader database made it possible to obtain a fine molecular dating of the coalescent time for ORFV S and G genomes, further highlighting the genetic structuring between sheep and goat genomes and corroborating their emergence in the latter half of 20th century.
Genomic Expedition: Deciphering Human Adenovirus Strains from the 2023 Outbreak in West Bengal, India: Insights into Viral Evolution and Molecular Epidemiology
Authors: Chatterjee Ananya , Bhattacharjee Uttaran , Gupta Rudrak , Debnath Ashis , Majumdar Agniva , Saha Ritubrita , Chawla-Sarkar Mamta , Chakrabarti Alok , Dutta Shanta
Published: January 2024

Understanding the genetic dynamics of circulating Human Adenovirus (HAdV) types is pivotal for effectively managing outbreaks and devising targeted interventions. During the West Bengal outbreak of 2022–2023, an investigation into the genetic characteristics and outbreak potential of circulating HAdV types was conducted. Twenty-four randomly selected samples underwent whole-genome sequencing. Analysis revealed a prevalent recombinant strain, merging type 3 and type 7 of human mastadenovirus B1 (HAd-B1) species, indicating the emergence of recent strains of species B in India. Furthermore, distinctions in VA-RNAs and the E3 region suggested that current circulating strains of human mastadenovirus B1 (HAd-B1) possess the capacity to evade host immunity, endure longer within hosts, and cause severe respiratory infections. This study underscores the significance of evaluating the complete genome sequence of HAdV isolates to glean insights into their outbreak potential and the severity of associated illnesses.
Human Rabies Treatment—From Palliation to Promise
Authors: Lacy Marian , Phasuk Nonthapan , Scholand Stephen J.
Published: January 2024

Rabies encephalitis has plagued humankind for thousands of years. In developed countries, access to preventive care, both pre-exposure and post-exposure, has significantly reduced the burden of suffering and disease. However, around the world, rabies remains a neglected tropical disease, largely due to uncontrolled dog rabies, and tens of thousands perish each year. Currently, the standard of care for management of rabies encephalitis is palliation. Heroic attempts to treat human rabies patients over the last few decades have yielded glimpses into our understanding of pathophysiology, opening the door to the development of new antiviral therapies and modalities of treatment. Researchers continue to investigate new compounds and approaches to therapy, yet there remain real challenges given the complexity of the disease. We explore and review some of the promising therapies on the horizon in pursuit of a salvage treatment for rabies.
SARS-CoV-2 ORF8 as a Modulator of Cytokine Induction: Evidence and Search for Molecular Mechanisms
Authors: Móvio Marília Inês , Almeida Giovana Waner Carneiro de , Martines Isabella das Graças Lopes , Barros de Lima Gilmara , Sasaki Sergio Daishi , Kihara Alexandre Hiroaki , Poole Emma , Nevels Michael , Carlan da Silva Maria Cristina
Published: January 2024

Severe cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection are characterized by an immune response that leads to the overproduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines, resulting in lung damage, cardiovascular symptoms, hematologic symptoms, acute kidney injury and multiple organ failure that can lead to death. This remarkable increase in cytokines and other inflammatory molecules is primarily caused by viral proteins, and particular interest has been given to ORF8, a unique accessory protein specific to SARS-CoV-2. Despite plenty of research, the precise mechanisms by which ORF8 induces proinflammatory cytokines are not clear. Our investigations demonstrated that ORF8 augments production of IL-6 induced by Poly(I:C) in human embryonic kidney (HEK)-293 and monocyte-derived dendritic cells (mono-DCs). We discuss our findings and the multifaceted roles of ORF8 as a modulator of cytokine response, focusing on type I interferon and IL-6, a key component of the immune response to SARS-CoV-2. In addition, we explore the hypothesis that ORF8 may act through pattern recognition receptors of dsRNA such as TLRs.
The Chinese Hamster Ovary Cell-Based H9 HA Subunit Avian Influenza Vaccine Provides Complete Protection against the H9N2 Virus Challenge in Chickens
Authors: Zhu Shunfan , Nie Zhenyu , Che Ying , Shu Jianhong , Wu Sufang , He Yulong , Wu Youqiang , Qian Hong , Feng Huapeng , Zhang Qiang
Published: January 2024

(1) Background: Avian influenza has attracted widespread attention because of its severe effect on the poultry industry and potential threat to human health. The H9N2 subtype of avian influenza viruses was the most prevalent in chickens, and there are several commercial vaccines available for the prevention of the H9N2 subtype of avian influenza viruses. However, due to the prompt antigenic drift and antigenic shift of influenza viruses, outbreaks of H9N2 viruses still continuously occur, so surveillance and vaccine updates for H9N2 subtype avian influenza viruses are particularly important. (2) Methods: In this study, we constructed a stable Chinese hamster ovary cell line (CHO) to express the H9 hemagglutinin (HA) protein of the major prevalent H9N2 strain A/chicken/Daye/DY0602/2017 with genetic engineering technology, and then a subunit H9 avian influenza vaccine was prepared using the purified HA protein with a water-in-oil adjuvant. (3) Results: The results showed that the HI antibodies significantly increased after vaccination with the H9 subunit vaccine in specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chickens with a dose–dependent potency of the immunized HA protein, and the 50 μg or more per dose HA protein could provide complete protection against the H9N2 virus challenge. (4) Conclusions: These results indicate that the CHO expression system could be a platform used to develop the subunit vaccine against H9 influenza viruses in chickens.
Host Genetic Variation Impacts SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination Response in the Diversity Outbred Mouse Population
Authors: Cruz Cisneros Marta C. , Anderson Elizabeth J. , Hampton Brea K. , Parotti Breantié , Sarkar Sanjay , Taft-Benz Sharon , Bell Timothy A. , Blanchard Matthew , Dillard Jacob A. , Dinnon Kenneth H. , Hock Pablo , Leist Sarah R. , Madden Emily A. , Shaw Ginger D. , West Ande , Baric Ralph S. , Baxter Victoria K. , Pardo-Manuel de Villena Fernando , Heise Mark T. , Ferris Martin T.
Published: January 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic led to the rapid and worldwide development of highly effective vaccines against SARS-CoV-2. However, there is significant individual-to-individual variation in vaccine efficacy due to factors including viral variants, host age, immune status, environmental and host genetic factors. Understanding those determinants driving this variation may inform the development of more broadly protective vaccine strategies. While host genetic factors are known to impact vaccine efficacy for respiratory pathogens such as influenza and tuberculosis, the impact of host genetic variation on vaccine efficacy against COVID-19 is not well understood. To model the impact of host genetic variation on SARS-CoV-2 vaccine efficacy, while controlling for the impact of non-genetic factors, we used the Diversity Outbred (DO) mouse model. We found that DO mice immunized against SARS-CoV-2 exhibited high levels of variation in vaccine-induced neutralizing antibody responses. While the majority of the vaccinated mice were protected from virus-induced disease, similar to human populations, we observed vaccine breakthrough in a subset of mice. Importantly, we found that this variation in neutralizing antibody, virus-induced disease, and viral titer is heritable, indicating that the DO serves as a useful model system for studying the contribution of genetic variation of both vaccines and disease outcomes.
Characterization of a Very Short Meq Protein Isoform in a Marek’s Disease Virus Strain in Japan
Authors: Motai Yoshinosuke , Murata Shiro , Sato Jumpei , Nishi Akihito , Maekawa Naoya , Okagawa Tomohiro , Konnai Satoru , Ohashi Kazuhiko
Published: January 2024

Marek’s disease virus (MDV) causes malignant lymphoma (Marek’s disease; MD) in chickens. The Meq protein is essential for tumorigenesis since it regulates the expression of host and viral genes. Previously, we reported that the deletion of the short isoform of Meq (S-Meq) decreases the pathogenicity of MDV. Recently, we identified a further short isoform of Meq (very short isoform of Meq, VS-Meq) in chickens with MD in Japan. A 64-amino-acid deletion was confirmed at the C-terminus of VS-Meq. We measured the transcriptional regulation by VS-Meq in three gene promoters to investigate the effect of VS-Meq on protein function. Wild-type VS-Meq decreased the transrepression of the pp38 promoter but did not alter the transactivation activity of the Meq and Bcl-2 promoters. The deletion in VS-Meq did not affect the activity of the pp38 promoter but enhanced the transactivation activities of the Meq and Bcl-2 promoters. Collectively, the deletion of VS-Meq potentially enhanced the activity of the Meq promoter, while other amino acid sequences in wild-type VS-Meq seemed to affect the weak transrepression of the pp38 promoter. Further investigation is required to clarify the effects of these changes on pathogenicity.
Evaluation of Blood Lactate, Heart Rate, Blood Pressure, and Shock Index, and Their Association with Prognosis in Calves
Authors: Casalta Hélène , Bayrou Calixte , Djebala Salem , Eppe Justine , Gille Linde , Gommeren Kris , Marduel Eva , Sartelet Arnaud , Seys Celine , Versyp Jérôme , Grulke Sigrid
Published: January 2024

Diseases in young calves received as emergencies are often associated with hypovolemic and/or septic shocks. The objectives of our study were to (1) assess the correlation between clinical hemodynamic parameters and blood L-lactates (LAC), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and the shock index (SI) recorded upon arrival; and (2) to evaluate how these parameters were related to short-term outcomes in calves under 4 months of age presented as emergencies. We conducted a single-observer prospective observational study on calves aged from 1 day to 4 months, presented to the Veterinary Clinic for Ruminants of Liège from December 2020 to May 2022. Forty-five calves were included in the study. The statistical analysis revealed a significant correlation between LAC and heart rate (r = 0.570; p < 0.05) and LAC and SI (r = 0.373; p < 0.05). A high LAC value at admission was significantly associated with a negative outcome (death) (p < 0.05). In calves suffering from obstructive digestive diseases, the SI was related to the outcome and the analysis indicated a cut-off value of 1.13 (Se = 0.77, Spe = 1). In conclusion, in our study, the initial blood L-lactate value was correlated with heart rate, the shock index, and the clinical shock score, and admission hyperlactatemia was associated with a poor prognosis in calves under 4 months of age. In this cohort, the shock index in calves suffering from digestive diseases was linked with mortality.
Genomic Characterization of a Plasmid-Free and Highly Drug-Resistant Salmonella enterica Serovar Indiana Isolate in China
Authors: Gong Jiansen , Zeng Ximin , Xu Jingxiao , Zhang Di , Dou Xinhong , Lin Jun , Wang Chengming
Published: January 2024

The emergence of multi-drug resistant (MDR) Salmonella enterica serovar Indiana (S. Indiana) strains in China is commonly associated with the presence of one or more resistance plasmids harboring integrons pivotal in acquiring antimicrobial resistance (AMR). This study aims to elucidate the genetic makeup of this plasmid-free, highly drug-resistant S. Indiana S1467 strain. Genomic sequencing was performed using Illumina HiSeq 2500 sequencer and PacBio RS II System. Prodigal software predicted putative protein-coding sequences while BLASTP analysis was conducted. The S1467 genome comprises a circular 4,998,300 bp chromosome with an average GC content of 51.81%, encompassing 4709 open reading frames (ORFs). Fifty-four AMR genes were identified, conferring resistance across 16 AMR categories, aligning closely with the strain’s antibiotic susceptibility profile. Genomic island prediction unveiled an approximately 51 kb genomic island housing a unique YeeVU toxin–antitoxin system (TAS), a rarity in Salmonella species. This suggests that the AMR gene cluster on the S1467 genomic island may stem from the integration of plasmids originating from other Enterobacteriaceae. This study contributes not only to the understanding of the genomic characteristics of a plasmid-free, highly drug-resistant S. Indiana strain but also sheds light on the intricate mechanisms underlying antimicrobial resistance. The implications of our findings extend to the broader context of horizontal gene transfer between bacterial species, emphasizing the need for continued surveillance and research to address the evolving challenges posed by drug-resistant pathogens.
Risk Factors for Atrial Fibrillation in the Dog: A Systematic Review
Authors: Arcuri Giulia , Valente Carlotta , Perini Caterina , Guglielmini Carlo
Published: January 2024

Different risk factors for atrial fibrillation (AF) development have been identified in numerous studies on humans, but this information is less clearly available on the dog. The aim of this systematic review is to determine the risk factors for AF in the dog. Following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines, we conducted a comprehensive search using the Web of Science and Scopus databases for articles reporting on cases of spontaneously occurring AF in dogs. The level of evidence was assessed using the Evidence Quality Grading System of the National Institute of Health. One thousand forty-three studies were initially identified, and twenty of them were included in this systematic review involving 2,359,275 dogs, of which 4807 showed spontaneously occurring AF. Genetics, for the Irish Wolfhound, increased body weight, and left atrial enlargement were the main risk factors for the development of AF in dogs with different cardiac diseases, particularly myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) and dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). However, some differences were found between these two cardiac diseases regarding additional risk factors. In particular, the presence of congestive heart failure and echocardiographic evidence of increased left atrial pressure or the presence of right atrial enlargement emerged as risk factors in dogs with MMVD or DCM, respectively. Furthermore, significant differences in risk factors were observed between dogs and humans. In particular, advanced age and male sex are not reliable indicators of an increased risk of AF in dogs.
Research on Metal and Living Foreign Object Detection Method for Electric Vehicle Wireless Charging System
Authors: Cai Shengkun , Liu Zhizhen , Luo Xueqing , Shi Zhuoqun , Xie Yuxin , Wang Jintao , Li Xianglin , Hou Siyu , Zhao Qingyun
Published: January 2024

In the electric vehicle wireless power transmission system, the high-frequency alternating magnetic field between the transmitter and receiver can have a certain impact on the health of living organisms and may even lead to lesions. In addition, metal foreign objects in an alternating magnetic field can cause their own heating or even cause fires due to the eddy current effect, so foreign object detection is an essential function in the wireless power transmission system of electric vehicles. In order to prevent metals and living organisms from entering the charging area and causing harm to the charging system and living organisms, this paper proposes a method for detecting living organisms and metal foreign objects. Firstly, the equivalent circuits for the detection systems of the living organism foreign objects and metal foreign objects are established, respectively, and the working theory of the detection system is analyzed by deriving equations. Secondly, the comb capacitor simulation model was constructed, and the comb capacitor electrode spacing, wire thickness, and capacitor spacing were designed based on the scale factor γ to explore the effects of the height and bottom area of the living organism’s foreign object on the comb capacitor. We constructed a simulation model of the detection coil and designed the inner diameter D, the number of turns N, and the wire spacing S of the detection coil according to the scale factor β. An arrayed detection coil and comb capacitor combination mode is proposed to realize the function of the simultaneous detection of metal and living organism foreign objects, and a compensation capacitor is introduced to keep the detection system in a resonant state. Lastly, a platform for foreign object detection experiments was set up to detect metal screws and beef chunks compared to the detection area without foreign objects. Metal screws entering the detection area cause a 20% voltage drop in the detection circuit resistor, and beef chunks entering the detection area cause a 30% voltage drop in the detection circuit resistor, so the detection method is effective in detecting both metals and living organisms. The feasibility of the combined mode of arrayed detection coils and comb capacitors was verified.
Online Inductance Identification of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors Independent of Rotor Position Information
Authors: Xing Jilei , Zhang Junzhi , Zhuang Xingming , Xu Yao
Published: January 2024

Sensorless control of permanent magnet synchronous motors is preferable in some applications due to cost and mounting space concerns. The performance of most existing position estimation methods greatly depends on the accuracy of the motor inductance. As the estimated position should not be involved in the parameter identification process in a sensorless control system, an online inductance identification method independent of the rotor position information is developed in this paper. The proposed method utilizes the recursive least square algorithm and the particle swarm optimization algorithm to realize real-time identification of the inductance along the direct axis and the quadrature axis, respectively, based on the deduced parametric equations without position information. The proposed method is efficient enough to be implemented within 0.2 ms and does not introduce any additional signal injection. A test bench is built to validate the characteristics of the method, and the experimental results show that the identified inductance can converge to the actual value rapidly and is robust to changes in the initial values and stator current. With the proposed method, accurate estimation of the rotor position and speed can be obtained using traditional model-based position estimators, and the stability of the sensorless control system can be improved significantly.
Formation of environmentally friendly protective Ce2O3-CeO2 conversion coatings on Al, modified by phosphate layers: chemical and electrochemical characterization
Authors:   Institute of Physical Chemistry ”Acad. R. Kaischew“ – BAS, Andreeva R. , Tsanev A. ,   Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry – BAS, Stoychev D. ,   Institute of Physical Chemistry ”Acad. R. Kaischew“ – BAS
Published: January 2024

Conversion ceria coatings were deposited on substrates of Al-1050 in a solution containing CeCl3×7H2O and CuCl2×2H2O. The post-treatment of as deposited coatings was realized in phosphate-containing solutions: 0.08 M Na3PO4 or 0.22 M NH4H2PO4. The XPS characterization of the surface of samples was carried out on an AXIS Supra electronspectrometer (KratosAnalytical Ltd.). The electrochemical investigations and determination of the basic corrosion parameters (Ecor, icor, Epit, EOCP, Rp, CR, etc.) for the studied systems were carried out on a Gamry Interface 1000 (EISSFR Analyzer EIS300). Based on the XPS investigations, it was ascertained that there is a substantial influence of the “pretreatment” and “post-treatment” operations on the chemical composition and chemical state of the elements on the samples` surface. It is expressed by a strong decrease in the concentration of Аl2O3 and Ce2O3+CeO2 components in the ceria coatings at the expense of formation of AlPO4 and AlOOH, CePO4, as well as PO3-, P2O5 and P4O10 compounds with Al and Се. The comparison of the results of Rp values and concentrations of Ce3+/Се4+, Al and P shows that the changes in Rp and quantity of Се4+ and P on the surface of the studied samples are directly related. The supposed and proved formation of low-soluble corrosion products on the surface of the studied systems and accomplished synergic effect of protective action by the formed cerium and aluminum oxides/phosphates layers determine the increase of the Rp and decrease of icor and CR, respectively. It was also concluded that the mixed conversion layers are a more effective barrier for the chloride ions diffusion to the metal surface and increase the corrosion resistance of Al 1050 to pitting and general corrosion.
ANALISIS PENGARUH KUALITAS LAYANAN, KUALITAS PRODUK, DAN HARGA TERHADAP KEPUASAN PELANGGAN
Authors: Togelang Rizky , Susila Ihwan
Published: January 2024

This study aims to analyze the effect of service quality, product quality, and price on customer satisfaction. This research uses quantitative methods. The population used is all respondents, both men and women who are buyers and customers who have purchased Bluder Bread at Bluder Cokro. The number of samples for this study were 165 respondents. The sampling technique can be classified as non-probability sampling with purposive sampling technique. The data source used in this research is primary data. The data collection technique used is the distribution of questionnaires. The questionnaire was made using a Likert scale format. The data analysis technique used in this research is descriptive analysis and Structural Equation Model (SEM) analysis with Smart Partial Least Square (PLS). The results showed that service quality has a positive effect on customer satisfaction. Product quality has a positive effect on customer satisfaction. Price has a positive effect on customer satisfaction.

Keywords: Customer Satisfaction, Price, Product Quality, Service Quality
PENGGUNAAN PROYEKSI TREN DI UMKM NN UNTUK MEMENUHI PERMINTAAN KONSUMEN
Authors: Safina Nur , Indriastiningsih Erna , Sutrisno Agung Widiyanto Fajar
Published: January 2024

MSMEs (Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises) in Indonesia have a major influence in terms of economic growth. NN MSMEs are MSMEs engaged in culinary. One type of NN MSME product is ready-to-eat emping. Often during the Eid al-Fitr holiday experience overwhelmed in terms of meeting the demand for ready-to-eat emping. This study aims to assist NN MSMEs in estimating the amount of consumer demand for ready-to-eat emping, as well as to find out the best results and methods in calculating forecasting in trend projection methods. The trend projection method used in forecasting calculations in this case is linear regression and least squares. Meanwhile, to calculate the error value from the forecasting results using the Mean Absolute Deviation (MAD), Mean Squared Error (MSE), Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) methods. The best method from the results of this study is to use a linear regression method with demand values for 2024, 2025 and 2026 during Eid al-Fitr are 1771.23 kg, 1914.24 kg, and 2057.25 kg respectively with error values of MAD, MSE and MAPE respectively are 612.0781, 525807.4 and 48.83%.

Keywords: Forecasting, Trend Projections, MSMEs, Consumer Demand
DETERMINAN KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN SECARA ONLINE PENGGUNA APLIKASI SHOPEE
Authors: Zulkifli Zulkifli , Nur Muhammad , Herizal Herizal
Published: January 2024

The phenomenon of online shopping at this time which continues to grow, it’s not surprising that business people need to pay attention to the importance of consumer reviews and also provide the best quality of electronic services so that customers can purchase products in the marketplace. This research aims to analyze the factors influencing consumer purchase decisions of Shopee aplication users. These factors include Islamic advertising etnics, consumer psychology and social environment. This research applies quantitative techniques and it is analyzed using IBM SPSS version 22. The sampling method used purposive sampling and the number of samples used in this study amounted to 110 respondents source was distribution of questionnaires to Shopee users in East Lombok by online via WhatsApp. Analysis was carried out by several tests such as validity test, realibility test, classic assumption test, linear regression analysis and coefficient of determination test. The results of this study indicate that the Islamic advertising etnics (X1) dan Consumer Psychology (X2) have a positive and significant effect on online purchasing decisions, while the social environment (X3) does not have affect on online purchasing decisions at Shopee (Y). The findings of this study can be reference uses as a reference for future researchers who will study similar problems. This research can also be a reference for companies to always be able to maintain aspects of Islamic advertising ethnics and consumer psychology in designing and determining effective and efficient markering policies.

Key words: Purchase Decisions, Islamic Advertising Ethnics, Consumer Psychology, Social Environment
A Review on the Disruption of Novel Object Recognition Induced by Methamphetamine
Authors: Seyedhosseini Tamijani Seyedeh Masoumeh , Beirami Elmira , Ghazvini Hamed , Rafaiee Raheleh , Nazeri Masoud , Razavinasab Moazamehosadat
Published: January 2024

Background: Methamphetamine (MA), is a widely abused synthetic psychostimulant that leads to irreversible brain damage manifested as cognitive impairments in humans and animals. The novel object recognition (NOR) task is a commonly used behavioral assay for the investigation of non-spatial memory in rodents. This test is based on the natural tendency of rodents to spend more time exploring a novel object than a familiar one. NOR test has been used in many studies investigating cognitive deficits caused by MA in rodents. The objective of the present study was to review neurobiological mechanisms that might be responsible for MA-induced NOR alterations. Methods: A PubMed search showed 83 publications using novel object recognition and methamphetamine as keywords in the past 10 years. Findings: The present study revealed different MA regimens cause recognition memory impairment in rodents. In addition, it was found that the main neurobiological mechanism involved in MA-induced recognition deficits is the dysfunction of monoaminergic systems. Conclusion: NOR is a useful test to assess the cognitive functions following MA administration and evaluate the efficacy of new therapeutic agents in MA-addicted individuals.