bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Stress and Coping Questionnaire for Children (School Version and Asthma Version): Construction, Factor Structure, and Psychometric Properties
Authors: Röder Irma , BoekarTs Monique , Kroonenberg Pieter M.
Published: August 2011

Based on Lazarus and Folkman's 1984 Stress-Coping Model, a self-report measure for children between 8 and 12 years of age was constructed. It is called the Stress and Coping Questionnaire for Children (School version and Asthma version) and measures children's emotional responses and coping strategies when they confront school-related and asthma-related stressors. The factor structure of this questionnaire was assessed and cross-validated in two samples, one of 392 primary school children without a chronic disease and one of 119 children with asthma. Five scales of coping strategies with regard to two school-related stressors and one asthma-related stressor were distinguished in a reliable way, Approach, Avoidance, Seeking Social Support, Aggression, and Crying.
Social Distance and Trait Attribution among Four Southeast Asian Ethnic Groups in the United States
Authors: Lee Sai Q. , Templer Donald I. , Mar Jeffrey , Canfield Merle
Published: August 2011

This study explored social distance and trait attribution and the relationship between the two variables in persons of four Southeast Asian ethnic groups. 100 Cambodians, 102 Hmong, 102 Laotians, and 101 Vietnamese in the United States were administered a modified Bogardus Social Distance Scale with respect to seven different ethnic groups (the other three Southeast Asian groups, African American, Hispanic, and White), and rated these other groups on 10 traits: friendly and likable, in good health, unattractive, law abiding, hardworking, loyal, peaceful, unfair and dishonest, unintelligent, and have good morals. Cambodians expressed willingness to have the closest social distance with Whites and Laotians and their trait attributions were more favorable for these two groups. Theoretical and practical implications were suggested.
Accurate and False Recall in the Deese/Roediger and McDermott Procedure: A Methodological Note on Sex of Participant
Authors: Seamon John G. , Guerry John D. , Marsh Gregory P. , Tracy Michael C.
Published: August 2011

Research suggests that individuals may differ in their susceptibility to false memory in the Deese/Roediger and McDermott procedure. Prior studies of differences have focused on the effects of age, personality, personal past history of abuse, and neurological status on false memory susceptibility. This study examined whether sex might also differentially influence false memory. After listening to a series of word lists designed to elicit false recall of nonstudied associates, 50 male and 50 female college students free recalled the lists. Analysis showed no sex difference in accurate recall, false recall, or unrelated intrusions. A robust false memory effect was observed, but sex did not differentiate performance.
Parental Rearing Behaviors and Worry of Normal Adolescents
Authors: Muris Peter
Published: August 2011

Associations between scores on scales of perceived parental rearing behaviors and worry were examined for 220 adolescents. Analysis showed that anxious rearing and overprotection of both mother and father were significantly related to worry.
Unrealistic Optimism and Perceived Control: Role of Personal Competence
Authors: Fernández-Castro Jordi , Limonero Joaquim T. , Rovira Tatiana , Albaina Samanta
Published: August 2011

This work analyzed the effects of unrealistic optimism in the interaction between the emotional valence of future events, the perception of control over these events, and the person with whom one compares oneself. It was hypothesized that, if the person of comparison is judged as very competent, a pessimistic bias should be produced. Likelihood of four different types of events (positive and controllable, positive and uncontrollable, negative and controllable, and negative and uncontrollable) were rated by 133 university students (22 men and 111 women) for themselves, for an average student, for their best friend, and for a bright friend. A pessimistic bias was observed on the relative likelihood of the events when the comparison was made between oneself and a competent and bright friend, when events were perceived as controllable, especially positive ones. Not enough is known, however, to provide meaningful interpretation at present; that must await further data and theoretical development.
Self-Defeating Personality and Memories of Parents' Child-Rearing Behaviour
Authors: Pezzarossa Bianca , Della Rosa Alberto , Rubino I. Alex
Published: August 2011

A group of 132 nonclinical volunteers was given the Self-defeating Personality Scale and a short version of the Egna Minnen Beträffande Uppfostran (EMBU) scale to explore correlations of scores for adults' self-defeating traits with memories of parents' child-rearing behaviours. For men, the recall of two rejecting parents and, for women, the memory of a nonsupportive father were significantly correlated with scores of self-defeating traits. The latter scores correlated positively with memories of both overinvolved mother and father for men, while no significant correlation was found among women.
Optimistic BIAS and Pessimistic Realism in Judgments of Contingency with Aversive or Rewarding Outcomes
Authors: Sonoda Akihito
Published: August 2011

A depressive personality influences judgments of contingency. This is called “depressive realism.” The present experiment examined whether optimistic traits, as measured by various scales, are correlated with judgments of contingency. The valences of the target stimuli were aversive or rewarding (noise avoidance or gaining points). Analysis indicated that the optimistic subjects (as measured by explanatory style for negative events) tend to overestimate noncontingent events; however, optimism measured by other scales did not show such an effect. The findings are discussed in terms of a self-defensive attributional bias.
Parental and Sibling Effects in Adolescent Outcomes
Authors: Moser Richard P. , Jacob Theodore
Published: August 2011

This study examined the differential effects of parenting and sibling influences (and the interaction between the two) in predicting adolescents' problem behaviors. The reliability and validity of the Sibling Relationship Questionnaire was also assessed. Subjects were 99 intact families from the San Francisco Bay area, all of whom contained both parents and at least one target child between 10 and 18 years of age still living in the home. Analysis indicated that sibling behavior was a significant predictor of deviant behavior, as measured by the Child Behavior Checklist, even when parenting effects were statistically controlled. Parenting effects had a separate effect on adolescents' positive behaviors. The analysis of the Sibling Relationship Questionnaire indicated adequate test-retest and internal consistency reliability, and construct validity. Findings are discussed in terms of the larger literature on socialization on the different ways that siblings and parents influence adolescent outcomes.
Factorial Validity and Internal Reliability of Honey and Mumford's Learning Styles Questionnaire
Authors: Cockerton Tracey , Naz Rukhsana , Sheppard Sylvia
Published: August 2011

Honey and Mumford's Learning Styles Questionnaire was derived from the same conceptual basis as Kolb's Learning Style Inventory and may provide a more reliable and valid measure of Kolb's learning style constructs. The Learning Styles Questionnaire has not been psychometrically evaluated as extensively as the Learning Style Inventory. Since there is no published information on how the Learning Styles Questionnaire scales were derived, an attempt was made to factor analyze the responses to the questionnaire. Confirmatory factor analysis of 284 psychology undergraduates' responses identified a four-factor oblimin solution as the most satisfactory model investigated. Implications for interpretation and use within higher education are discussed.
An Exploratory Study of Different Types of Violence Presented in Early Christian and Islamic Historical Documents
Authors: Morgan-Miller N. W.
Published: August 2011

Source documents for Islam and Christianity were analyzed for violent themes. The two religions both condemned criminal violence, and neither supported random violence. Nonviolence was more common in the Christian sources while active violence was much more common in the Islamic documents. Although violence themes are a very small proportion of the content of the documents of either religion, those who seek to justify active violence against perceived enemies may find more support for their actions in early Islamic sources than in early Christian sources. Results are interpreted from a perspective of symbolic interaction.
Symptoms of Anxiety Disorders and Teacher-Reported School Functioning of Normal Children
Authors: Muris Peter , Meesters Cor
Published: August 2011

Correlations between scores on the Spence Children's Anxiety Scale, a questionnaire for measuring symptoms of anxiety disorders and a report of school functioning by teachers were computed for 317 primary school children and 13 teachers in The Netherlands. Analysis showed a small but significant negative correlation between scores for total anxiety and school functioning ( r = –.20, p < .001). The finding is consistent with the notion that high symptoms indicating anxiety disorders in children are accompanied by less optimal functioning in school.
Depression among University Students in South Africa
Authors: Pillay A. L. , Edwards S. D. , Gambu S. Q. , Dhlomo R. M.
Published: August 2011

Of 129 first-year students at an historically Black university students in psychology reported significantly less depression than nonpsychology students, and younger students reported significantly lower scores on depression than older students on the Beck Depression Inventory.
Sex Differences in the Relationship between Interpersonal Problems and Defensive Style
Authors: Bullitt Clarissa , Farber Barry A.
Published: August 2011

Horowitz, et al.‘s Inventory of Interpersonal Problems and Bond, et al.'s Defensive Style Questionnaire were completed by 42 women and 35 men. Significant correlations emerged between most interpersonal problems and the tendency for both men and women to use immature and intermediate defense mechanisms in both work and intimate relationships. However, women were more likely than men to employ immature defenses when dealing with issues of “control” in intimate relationships while men were more likely to employ intermediate defenses in response to problems with “intimacy” in work relationships. Data support further inquiry into sex differences in interpersonal problems and defensive style.
Relations among Self-Talk, Self-Consciousness, and Self-Knowledge
Authors: Schneider Johann F.
Published: August 2011

The aim of this study was to examine the relations among self-talk, self-consciousness, and self-knowledge through an exploratory principal component analysis and to test the hypothesis that only the functional and reflective aspects of self-consciousness contribute to self-knowledge. A self-report questionnaire including 6 scales assessing different aspects of self-talk, self-consciousness, and self-knowledge was administered to 203 German undergraduate university students. A principal component analysis of the scales yielded a two-factor solution, supporting the distinction between functional and dysfunctional self-consciousness. In a stepwise multiple regression analysis, only functional self-consciousness was a significant predictor of self-knowledge. Limitations of the present measures of inner speech are addressed.
Comment on “Convergent Validity of the Collett-Lester Fear of Death and Templer Death Anxiety Scales in Egyptian Male College Students”
Authors: Lester David
Published: August 2011

Correlations for scores on Templer's Death Anxiety Scale and the Collett-Lester Fear of Death Scale indicate a lack of validity for Templer's scale.
Behavior Evaluation Scale: Validity in Studies on Social Anxiety
Authors: Akillas Emmanuel
Published: August 2011

The present study was an initial effort to evaluate the use of the Behavior Evaluation Scale, a measure of the tendency to perceive behavior as pathological, in studies on social anxiety. 61 undergraduate students provided ratings on attributional dimensions and completed the scale as well as the Fear of Negative Evaluation questionnaire. There was a moderate correlation of .48 between the Behavior Evaluation Scale scores and fear of evaluation In addition, participants who perceived the behavior as pathological scored higher on fear of evaluation only if they made internal or general attributions. Results suggest that the perception of behavior as measured by the Behavior Evaluation Scale and the fear of evaluation are distinct constructs. Suggestions for further examination of the scale's validity are discussed.
Influences of Type of High School Attended and Current Relationship Status on Life Goal Ratings of College Women
Authors: Fleming Renee M. , Zucker Evan L.
Published: August 2011

Scores on the Goals in Life Scale of 183 college women were compared based on type of high school attended, single-sex versus co-educational, and current relationship status, dating versus nondating. Type of high school alone did not influence any life goal, and those in dating relationships gave priority to relationships over life goals. Several significant interaction effects were present, however, as single-sex school attendees in dating relationships gave lower ratings to several life goals than did women in the other groups.
Internal Consistency of the Yamauchi/Templer Money Attitude Scale
Authors: Yang Bijou , Lester David
Published: August 2011

The factor pattern of Yamauchi and Templer's Money Attitude Scale was replicated with a sample of 72 undergraduates.
Correlation between Religion and Happiness: A Replication
Authors: Francis Leslie J. , Robbins Mandy , White Adam
Published: August 2011

For a sample of 89 students in Wales who completed the Oxford Happiness Inventory and the Francis Scale of Attitude Toward Christianity scores correlated .38.
Factor Structure of The Beck Depression Inventory in a University Sample
Authors: Helm Herbert W. , Boward Mark D.
Published: August 2011

Factor analysis was performed on the Beck Depression Inventory with a university sample to examine its potential multidimensionality. A principal components analysis with an oblimin and varimax rotation produced a two-factor solution. These factors were labeled Cognitive–Affective and Physiological and accounted for approximately 39% of the common variance. This finding is consistent with multidimensionality of the inventory and with a similar study of college students. The commonalities of the two studies suggest the reliability (internal consistency) of the Cognitive-Affective and Physiological constructs among “minimally” depressed university samples.
Relations of Daily Hassles with Both Anxious and Depressed Mood in Students
Authors: D'Angelo Benjamin , Wierzbicki Michael
Published: August 2011

Stressful life experiences have been related to emotional distress, but whether different classes of stressful events are associated with different emotional reactions has not been assessed. In this study, 34 college students completed the Inventory of College Students' Recent Life Experiences, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and Beck Depression Inventory. Consistent with previous research, most classes of daily hassles were significantly related to both depression and anxiety. The nonsignificant difference for one class of life experience, Friendship Problems, to be more strongly associated with anxiety than depression should be studied carefully.
Associations of Blood Glucose Control with Self-Efficacy and Rated Anxiety/Depression in Type II Diabetes Mellitus Patients
Authors: Ikeda Keiko , Aoki Hagiko , Saito Kimie , Muramatsu Yoshiyuki , Suzuki Tsutomu
Published: August 2011

We investigated the possible relations of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level, a parameter of blood glucose control with scores on anxiety, depression, and self-efficacy for 113 outpatients (55 men and 58 women) with type II diabetes mellitus. The relation between the HbA1c level and the self-efficacy scores as well as with the ratings of anxiety and depression was evaluated. A significant relation was found for the HbA1c level with the scores; however, self-efficacy and anxiety and depression showed no association. These results suggest that HbA1c can be maintained at better levels by increasing self-efficacy of diabetic patients.
Cross-Cultural Differences in Female University Students' Attitudes toward Homosexuals: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Span Sherry A. , Vidal Lourdes A.
Published: August 2011

62 Caucasian, 61 Hispanic, and 44 Asian female undergraduates completed the Index of Homophobia by Hudson and Ricketts, seven items from the Attitudes Toward Lesbians and Gay Men Scale by Herek, and three questions on Affectional Orientation toward homosexuals from D'Augelli and Rose. Overall, familiarity with homosexuals as measured by self-reported number of homosexual friends correlated negatively with scores on the homophobia measures, but there were no significant differences among the groups' reported number of homosexual friends. Asian students scored signiftcantly higher on the homophobia measures than Caucasian students. Both Asian and Hispanic students endorsed the statement significantly more often than Caucasian students that the university would be better if only heterosexuals attended. No significant differences in scores were found regarding attitudes toward lesbians versus gay men.
Factor Structure of the Spielberger Anger Expression Scales When Used with Australian Prisoners
Authors: Dear Greg E. , Watt Bruce D. , Dockerlll John
Published: August 2011

The State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory administered to prison inmates has supported the factor structure of the three anger expression scales although this structure has not been verified with Australian participants. Data collected from 397 Western Australian male prisoners produced a factor structure consistent with the scale structure outlined in the 1991 manual. Scale means and standard deviations were similar to those reported for U.S. and Canadian prisoners. It is therefore appropriate to use the standard scoring procedures with Australian male prisoners.
One Obvious Reason Doctoral Programs in Psychology Use the Graduate Record Examination
Authors: Holmes Cooper B.
Published: August 2011

Given that most doctoral programs in psychology have more applicants than openings, it is understandable that programs would focus on higher GRE scores which predict program completion better than lower scores.
Relationship of Depression and Anxiety to Cancer Patients' Medical Decision-Making
Authors: Petersen Suni , Sherman-Slate Elisabeth , Straub Jamie L. , Schwartz Robert C. , Frost Hanna , Damjanov Nevena
Published: August 2011

The purpose of this study was to examine the relation of depression and anxiety to cancer patients' medical decision-making. Participants were 79 rural and urban cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. The four decisional styles of the Decisional Processing Model were the independent variables. Dependent variables were anxiety and depression, measured by Spielberger's State-Trait Anxiety and the Center for Disease Control Depression Scale, respectively. Consistent with the Decisional Processing Model, analysis suggested that patients make medical decisions by information seeking, information processing, advice following, or ruminating. Decisional style did not vary according to type or stage of cancer, prognosis, time elapsed since initial diagnosis, or whether cancer was initial or recurrent. Decisional style did not systematically vary with depression and anxiety suggesting how a person makes decisions is a stable personality trait. Thus, decision-making may follow a cognitive schema. It is likely that patients' decisional styles help to manage anxiety and depression when confronted with life-threatening illness. Implications for informed consent and patients' involvement in decision-making are discussed.
A Case-Control Analysis of Felony Convictions among Recreational Drug Users
Authors: Chilakapati Venkat S. , Duncan David F. , Nicholson Thomas , White John B. , Lindley Lisa
Published: August 2011

This study applied an epidemiologic case-control design to the identification of variables predicting which subjects in a population of recreational drug users were likely to have a felony conviction. A sample of 158 self-identified drug users responded to the web-based DRUGNET survey from February, 1997 through June, 1998. In this sample of 704 U.S. citizens who reported using illicit drugs, 79 (11.2%) reported having a drug-related felony conviction. A further 52 (7.4%) subjects reported felony convictions not related to drugs. Control subjects were drawn from the same sample and matched to cases on sex, age, and ethnicity. Subjects with drug-related convictions differed significantly from controls on 13 variables and those with nondrug-related convictions differed on 11 variables out of the 82 used in this study. Although there are major limitations given the self-selection of the sample, the differences between the groups indicates that we should be wary in generalizing from the minority of drug users who are arrested or incarcerated to the population of drug users in general.
Local Processing BIAS Impairs Lineup Performance
Authors: Perfect Timothy J.
Published: August 2011

Evidence suggests that lineup performance by witnesses can be influenced by inducing a prior local or global processing bias. In this study, 90 witnesses attempted to identify a perpetrator from a lineup. Prior to the lineup, 30 participants completed a global processing task followed by a local processing task; 30 did the same tasks in reverse order; and 30 acted as controls. Analysis indicated that the last task completed influenced subsequent lineup performance.
Predicting Success among First-Year Engineering Students at the Rand Afrikaans University
Authors: Maree Jacobus G. , Pretorius Anlia , Eiselen Riëtte J.
Published: August 2011

160 first-year students in the Engineering Faculty at the Rand Afrikaans University completed the Study Orientation Questionnaire in Mathematics and the Senior Aptitude Test Advanced. 100 students who passed and 40 who failed the first year scored significantly differently on three subtests, Calculations, Study attitude in mathematics, and Problem-solving behaviour in mathematics. Step-wise linear regression showed a combination of three fields, namely, Calculations, Study attitude in mathematics, and Mathematics anxiety, contributed significantly ( R2 = 25.8%) towards predicting the first-year aggregate score of first-year engineering students.
Customers' Perceptions of Salespersons' Orientation and Susceptibility to Salespersons' Influence
Authors: Goff Brent G. , Jackson Gary B.
Published: August 2011

This study examined correlations of scores for salespersons' and customers' orientation, as indicated by a modified Salesperson Orientation–Customer Orientation scale, with self-reported consumers' susceptibility to salespersons' information, recommendations, and relational influence. Vehicle purchasers provided 508 useable survey responses. Correlations for customers' perceptions of both salespersons' orientation (–.39 and –.21) and customers' orientation (.39 and .24) were related to self-reports of susceptibility to salespersons' information and relational influence.
Problem Behaviors and Suicide and Homicide
Authors: Lester David
Published: August 2011

In a sample of 36 nations, suicide rates were negatively associated with a drug abuse index. Homicide rates were positively associated with a violent crime index.
A Mathematics Content Course and Teaching Efficacy Beliefs of Undergraduate Majors in Education
Authors: Alkhateeb Haitham M. , Abed Adnan S.
Published: August 2011

This study was designed to assess the mathematics teaching efficacy beliefs of undergraduates in elementary education through a manipulative-based course in mathematics. Responses of 106 university undergraduates to the 21-item Mathematics Teaching Efficacy Beliefs administered as pre- and posttest without a control group showed a significant immediate postcourse change in their efficacy beliefs using dependent t test.
Physicians' Perceptions of Compliance and Attitudes toward Complementary Care
Authors: Daugherty Timothy K. , Sherenco Katrina , Davis Harold , McClelland Melissa
Published: August 2011

31 surveyed physicians perceived that between one-third and two-thirds of patients do not comply with instructions, and that nearly one-third of those who comply do not show optimal treatment response. The physicians expressed concerns about the validity and cost of complementary approaches that might increase medical compliance and enhance treatment response.
Relationship with Health Care Provider and Adherence to HIV Medications
Authors: Demmer Craig
Published: August 2011

Suboptimal adherence to antiretroviral medications was reported in a sample of 97 inner-city residents with HIV/AIDS. Most respondents had been seeing the same physician for several years. Those who perceived themselves to be more engaged with their health care provider also reported better treatment adherence. This finding, though, should be viewed with caution since self-reported measures were used. Interventions that target adherence could include patients' perceptions of providers.
Cognitive Testing Battery: Differences among Groups with Dementia, Huntington's Disease, and Controls
Authors: Hyer Lee , Sohnle Steven , Miller Michael H. , Hamer Robert
Published: August 2011

This study evaluated a new test for dementia, the Cognitive Testing Battery, used for over six years in outpatient clinics for aging-related disorders. This battery was developed to be brief, easy to administer, and to provide useful feedback as a cognitive profile for clinicians, patients, and caregivers. 489 participants were tested during a 5-yr. period. Multidisicplinary teams diagnosed these patients with dementia, depression, or Huntington's Disease. A control group was also included. Groups were then compared on the 10 key subscales that subserve dementia populations. Analysis showed there were significant differences among the groups on all measures and that selected scales differentiated the groups. The total score maximally differentiated the groups, and the dementia group was most different from the other groups.
Interpreting Past Religious Discrimination Today
Authors: Schumm Walter R.
Published: August 2011

Much of modern western law now presupposes opposition to discrimination based on race, religion, sex, national origin, and other factors. However, ancient religious Scriptures may have sanctioned certain types of discrimination. Whether those who are inclined to accept literal interpretations of their Scriptures will condone certain forms of discrimination could be evaluated to contrast the effects of modernization versus religious indoctrination on various kinds of prejudice.
The Original MMPI and Colligan Norms Revisited
Authors: Sinnett E. Robert , Shin Kang-Hyun , Downey Ronald G.
Published: August 2011

Norms developed by Colligan, Osborne, Swenson, and Offord (1983) and others at the Mayo Clinic for the MMPI overcome criticisms that the MMPI is not useful in 2003 and representative. This study ascertained the classification of MMPI profiles of clinicians. Mayo Clinic norms are warranted in view of the similar classifications made using both methods based on the same MMPI data.
Changes in Behavior and Behavioral Intentions among Middle-Age Women: Results from an Osteoporosis Prevention Program
Authors: Turner Lori W. , Wallace Lorraine S. , Hunt Sharon B. , Gray Amy S.
Published: August 2011

The purpose of this study was to evaluate changes in behaviors and behavioral intentions that occurred among 342 middle-age women ( M age 49.5 yr.) after participating in an Osteoporosis Prevention Program. The valid and reliable Osteoporosis Preventing Behaviors Survey (developed by Doheny and Sedlak) and a survey developed for this work were measures. Significant changes in behaviors were reported, especially increases in weight-bearing physical activity, dairy product intake, and decreases in consumption of caffeine-containing beverages. Many subjects reported intentions to increase physical activity and calcium intake. An Osteoporosis Prevention Program may help promote osteoporosis prevention behaviors, but intents must be followed up to check actual change.
Death Anxiety in Spain and Five Arab Countries
Authors: Abdel-Khalek Ahmed M.
Published: August 2011

The present study compared death anxiety among volunteer undergraduates from Spain and five Arab countries, i.e., Egypt, Kuwait, Qatar, Lebanon, and Syria. The Templer Death Anxiety Scale was used in its Spanish and Arabic forms, respectively. The Mean for the Spanish sample was lower than that of their Arabic counterparts in the five countries, whether the subjects were men or women.
Toxic Mold and Mycotoxins in Neurotoxicity Cases: Stachybotrys, Fusarium, Trichoderma, Aspergillus, Penicillium, Cladosporium, Alternaria, Trichothecenes
Authors: Lees-Haley Paul R.
Published: August 2011

Presented is the argument that psychologists and neuropsychologists have no scientific basis for rendering opinions about causation given the current state of the literature. The critical question is whether in a residence or office inhalation of mold spores or mold metabolites, including mycotoxins, causes neuropsychological impairment or mental and emotional disorders. There has not been sufficient research to support such conclusions. Nonetheless, in the context of litigation, speculative opinions are rendered in lieu of scientifically well-founded conclusions. Resources for recognizing and coping with pseudoscientific arguments are suggested.
Revised Form of the Belief in Good Luck Scale in a Turkish Sample
Authors: öner-özkan Bengi
Published: August 2011

The aim of the study was to explore the patterns of belief in luck in a Turkish sample. For this purpose, a shorter version of Freedman and Darke's Belief in Good Luck Scale was given, including some more items related to the beliefs in ‘consistent’ versus ‘variant’ patterns of luck. This scale, together with Turkish versions of Rosenberg's measure of Global Self-esteem, Rotter's Internal-External Locus of Control Scale, and the Satisfaction With Life Scale of Diener, Emmons, Larsen, and Griffin, was administered to a group of 173 (96 men, 77 women) undergraduate students from the Middle East Technical University attending an elective general psychology course. The mean age was 21 yr. ( SD = 2.1). The factor composition of the extended scale consisted of three scales, similar to the original version. Loading of new items on the General Belief in Luck factor indicates that this factor may describe a belief in an organised pattern of luck.
Effects of Instructions and Representation on Mathematical Problem-Solving
Authors: Kuriyama Naoko , Yamagishi Kimihiko , Kusumi Takashi
Published: August 2011

We investigated whether specific instructions have different representations for target problems, and hence whether task representations mostly affect the direction of typical errors in permutation problem-solving. We hypothesized that different instructions produce specific representations of a permutation problem in an identical description. The 39 participants were randomly assigned to the three groups: the equation instruction group, the subgoal instruction group, and the control group. Results confirmed our prediction that the treatment groups solved the problem more correcdy than the control group. More importantly, a subgoal instruction (a set of steps in a meaningful task) decreased the typical mistakes. Educational implications are discussed.
The influence of hydrochloric acid treatment and temperature on the electro-physical properties of super-thin basalt fibers
Authors: Nikoghosyan Sergey , Sahakyan Aram , Gavalyan Vasak , Harutyunyan Vachagan , Hovanisyan Aghasi , Yeritsyan Hrant , Atoyan Vovik , Puskulyan Konstantin , Gerchikov Mark , Hakobyan Narek
Published: August 2011

Electro-physical parameters of super-thin basalt fiber (STBF) from Armenian basalt rocks are measured before and after hydrochloric acid treatment. It is shown that specific resistance and dielectric parameters of super-thin basalt fiber change essentially after hydrochloric acid treatment. The temperature dependence of these parameters was studied too. The probable cause of the change is an increase in the total amount of pores and modification of the share of pores of various sizes in STBF, followed by an increase of absorption of water molecules from the ambient medium. The results (in both alternating and direct electric fields) are interpreted within the framework of the dipole-relaxation mechanism of the polarization of water molecules in STBF pores.
Orbital lymphoma mimicking Graves’ ophthalmopathy: a case report
Authors: Wolyniak Barbara , Lewczuk Anna , Obolonczyk Lukasz , Majewska Hanna , Sworczak Krzysztof
Published: August 2011

Orbital tumor is a rare presentation of lymphoma. Unspecific symptoms, local infiltration, chronic progression may mimic other more common orbital diseases and often make the diagnosis difficult. We report a case of orbital non-Hodgkin lymphoma initially diagnosed as Graves’ disease. A 65-year-old woman was admitted to the Department of Endocrinology with a diagnosis of a left eye tumor. On admission, apart from the tumor, exophthalmos and the upper eyelid proptosis were present. The lesion had been observed for two years before hospitalization. Due to the muscle infiltration, as detected on computed tomography scanning and magnetic resonance imaging, Graves’ disease was suggested. The thyroid function was normal. Further diagnosis performed during hospitalization revealed lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma. Lymphoma may manifest as a localized orbital tumor without extraorbital or constitutive symptoms. Rare orbital diseases, among others lymphoproliferations, should be taken into account in the differential diagnosis of exophthalmos.
Construction of a quartz OSL standardised growth curve (SGC) for aeolian samples from the Horqin dunefield in northeastern China
Authors: Yang Linhai , Lai Zhongping , Long Hao , Zhang Jingran
Published: August 2011

It has been suggested that the standardised growth curve (SGC) method can be used to de-terminate De accurately and reduce the measurement time. However, different opinions regarding the applicability of the SGC method exist. In this paper, we report the construction of quartz OSL SGC for 35 aeolian samples from different parts of the Horqin dunefield in northeastern China, and then test their applicability for De determination. Our results suggest that: 1) up to a regeneration dose of 80 Gy, the SGC of the Horqin dunefield can be fitted using the exponential plus linear equation, with the r2 value of 0.97, and all the regeneration dose points closely stick to the fitting line, implying that all samples share a very similar dose-response curve; 2) for samples with Des ranging from 1 to 50 Gy, the ratios of SAR De to SGC De fall within the range of 0.9–1.1, and the average ratio of SAR De to SGC De is 1.01±0.01, close to unity. Therefore, the construction of SGC is correct, and the SGC is an effective procedure for accurate De determination for samples from the study area.
Expectations of scatter in equivalent-dose distributions when using multi-grain aliquots for OSL dating
Authors: Cunningham Alastair , Wallinga Jakob , Minderhoud Philip
Published: August 2011

In the OSL dating of sediment, the scatter in equivalent dose (D
e) between grains is almost always larger than would be expected due to counting statistics alone. Some scatter may be caused by insufficient (partial) bleaching of some of the grains prior to deposition. In order to date partially bleached sediment, it is essential to estimate the amount of scatter caused by other processes (e.g. grain-to-grain variability in the natural dose rate). Measurements of such scatter are performed at the single-grain level; by contrast, most OSL dating is performed on multi-grain subsamples, for which grain-to-grain scatter is reduced through averaging.

Here we provide a model for estimating the expected scatter (i.e. excluding that caused by partial bleaching) for multi-grain aliquots. The model requires as input the single-grain sensitivity distribution, the number of grains in the sub-samples, and the expected scatter at the single-grain level, all of which can be estimated to an adequate degree. The model compares well with measured values of scatter in D
e, determined using aliquots of various sizes, and can be used to help produce a minimum-age D
e from multi-grain subsamples that is consistent with single-grain data.
Education in Europe - a Transcultural Challenge
Authors: Wulf Christoph
Published: August 2011

Vzdelávanie v Európe — transkultúrna výzva
Instrumental-Strategic Approaches of Students during Learning — Ethnographic Analysis of School Action
Authors: Lemešová Miroslava
Published: August 2011

Inštrumentálno-strategické postupy študentov a študentiek v čase vyučovania — etnografická analýza školského diania
Cultures of More and Less Successful Schools
Authors: Lukšík Ivan
Published: August 2011

Kultúry úspešnejších a menej úspešných škôl:
150th Anniversary of Veterinary Education and the Veterinary Profession in North America: Part 3, 1970–2000
Authors: Smith Donald F.
Published: August 2011

This is one of a series of articles in the Journal of Veterinary Medical Education (JVME). These articles are abridged versions of six lectures that make up an elective course on the history of the veterinary profession in North America offered at Cornell University's College of Veterinary Medicine. This third article in the series of six describes the development of the nine new colleges that opened between 1974 and 1981. The three colleges on or near campuses that also had medical schools are contrasted with those that focused predominantly on their agriculture base. Data are presented by species on the current employment patterns of veterinary graduates from colleges in the US and Ross University. Programs in public health, public policy, and corporate veterinary medicine are also described. This article closes with a description of the factors that led to the curriculum reform instituted at Cornell University in 1993.
On the Self-Renewal of Teachers
Authors: Waters David J. , Waters Lane S.
Published: August 2011

In previous issues of the Journal of Veterinary Medical Education, wide-ranging insights on how to achieve excellence in the classroom have been framed by award-winning teachers. These recipes for educational success, however, invariably lack a key ingredient—the teacher's process of self-renewal. What skills and attitudes prime the teacher for continued high performance? To stay out of the ruts of expertise, where does the teacher turn? Teachers and administrators alike recognize its great importance, yet few opportunities for the renewal of teachers are built into the educational system. In this article, we challenge teachers to see their own self-renewal as an underutilized approach to innovate education. We propose a schema for sustained self-renewal: each educator developing her own personalized, hand-picked gallery of intellectual heroes who in turn serve as the educator's life-long teachers. To illustrate the value of this activity, we introduce our own collection of 10 gifted thinkers, providing a brief encounter with each sage as a way of stimulating new thinking on the skills and attitudes that promote personal growth and transformative teaching. We conclude that the veterinary profession should work to create better opportunities for the self-renewal of teachers. By envisioning even our best teachers as unfinished and under construction, we open up a new dialogue situating the self-renewal of teachers at the very core of educational excellence.
Web-based Documentation of Clinical Skills to Assess the Competency of Veterinary Students
Authors: Rush Bonnie R. , Biller David S. , Davis Elizabeth G. , Higginbotham Mary Lynn , Klocke Emily , Miesner Matt D. , Rankin David C.
Published: August 2011

Kansas State University implemented a Web-based program to assess students' competency to perform technical skills during clinical rotations throughout the fourth year of the veterinary curriculum. The classes of 2009 and 2010 recorded a minimum number of procedures (104 and 103, respectively) from a menu of more than 220 recommended procedures. Procedures were categorized by species (small animal, equine, food animal) and disciplines (imaging, anesthesia, diagnostic medicine/necropsy). Ophthalmology was added as a fourth discipline for the class of 2010. Students recorded procedures into the Web-based system, including information about the patient, procedure performed, supervisor, and a self-assessment of performance. Faculty, staff, and house officers evaluated the procedures electronically by confirming that they witnessed the procedure and providing qualitative and written feedback. The class of 2009 recorded 18,492 procedures (M=171/student) and the class of 2010 recorded 16,935 procedures (M=158/student). Two students from each class (2009 and 2010) did not complete the minimum required skills during clinical rotations and returned to perform procedures immediately before (n=3) or immediately after (n=1) graduation to receive their diploma. The Web-based system captured a large number of assessments of technical competency performed in the clinical setting. The system provided students with formative feedback throughout the clinical year, ensured equitable distribution of procedural opportunities across the student body, and required minimal additional resources.
Using a Natural Abilities Battery for Academic and Career Guidance: a Ten-Year Study
Authors: Brown Corrie C. , Harvey Stephen B. , Stiles Dori
Published: August 2011

Over a period of 10 years, first-year students from 11 consecutive veterinary classes conducted a self-assessment using a natural abilities survey. The present study analyzes the data compiled from students' self-assessment results. As a group, veterinary students are exceptional problem solvers, either through inductive or deductive reasoning, and have strong spatial relations capacities. Veterinary students have a range of learning styles with design memory being the primary vehicle for information delivery and tonal memory being the least frequently used style overall. Information gained on each student's natural abilities can be used to guide effective career decision making and enhance prospects for long-term career satisfaction.
Unsteady Free Convective and Mass Transfer Flow through Porous Medium in Rotating System
Authors: Sarkar D , Mukherjee S , Mukherjee S
Published: August 2011

An exact solution of unsteady free convective and mass transfer flow through porous medium bounded by a vertical porous plate with an oscillating free stream velocity is obtained. The entire system rotates about an axis normal to the plate. Existence of multiple Ekman boundary layer modified by the presence of free convection and mass transfer is observed near the neighbourhood of plate wall. Key words: Porous medium; rotating system; free convective flow; mass transfer. GANIT J. Bangladesh Math. Soc. (ISSN 1606-3694) 29 (2009) 107-115  DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ganit.v29i0.8520
On the Hydromagnetic Stability of Fluid Rotating between Two Concentric Cylinders
Authors: Jasmine Hosne Ara
Published: August 2011

A theoretical study of the hydromagnetic instability due to slow hydromagnetic waves has been carried out after simplifying the complexity of governing equations. A series of stability conditions have been derived for wide range of magnetic field profiles. It has been shown that regardless of the magnetic field profile, any unstable disturbances propagate against the basic rotation. GANIT J. Bangladesh Math. Soc. (ISSN 1606-3694) 30 (2010) 41-50  DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ganit.v30i0.8502
Numerical Solutions of IVP using Finite Element Method with Taylor Series
Authors: Islam Md Shafiqul , Ahmed Mostak , Hossain M Almagir
Published: August 2011

In this paper, we use the integration technique together with the finite element method to approximate the numerical solution of an initial value problem of differential equations. The function of two variables is expanded into Taylor’s series up to order two. We exploit Gauss- Legendre quadrature rules evaluating the integrals arising in the formulation of the present method to get the better accuracy. GANIT J. Bangladesh Math. Soc. (ISSN 1606-3694) 30 (2010) 51-58  DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ganit.v30i0.8503
MHD Heat and Mass Transfer Free Convection Flow along a Stretching Sheet with Suction with Buoyancy opposes the Flow
Authors: Mohebujjaman M , Samad MA
Published: August 2011

An analysis is carried out to study the flow, heat and mass transfer free convection characteristics in an electrically conducting fluid near an isothermal linearly stretching permeable vertical sheet when buoyancy force opposes the flow. The equations governing the flow, temperature and concentration field are reduced to a system of coupled non-linear ordinary differential equations. These non-linear differential equations are integrated numerically by using Nachtsheim-Swigert [1] shooting iteration technique along with sixth order Runge-Kutta integration scheme. Finally the numerical results are presented through graphs and tables. GANIT J. Bangladesh Math. Soc. (ISSN 1606-3694) 30 (2010) 76-88  DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ganit.v30i0.8505
Effect of Hyperbolic Interpolation in the Finite Element Solution of an Eigenvalue Problem
Authors: Farzana Humaira , Obayedullah Md , Alim MA
Published: August 2011

In this paper hyperbolic interpolation has been used instead of Lagrange interpolation in solving an eigenvalue problem by using finite element method. The result shows that there is a good agreement between the eigenvalues obtained by using hyperbolic interpolation and the exact eigenvalues. Keywords: Eigenvalue problem; finite element method; Lagrange interpolation; hyperbolic interpolation. GANIT J. Bangladesh Math. Soc. (ISSN 1606-3694) 30 (2010) 111-121  DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ganit.v30i0.8508
Comparison of Numerical Methods for Solving Initial Value Problems for Stiff Differential Equations
Authors: Thohura Sharaban , Rahman Azad
Published: August 2011

Special classes of Initial value problem of differential equations termed as stiff differential equations occur naturally in a wide variety of applications including the studies of spring and damping systems, chemical kinetics, electrical circuits, and so on. Most realistic stiff systems do not have analytical solutions so that a numerical procedure must be used. In this paper we have discussed the phenomenon of stiffness and the general purpose procedures for the solution of stiff differential equation. Because of their applications in many branches of engineering and science, many algorithms have been proposed to solve such problems. In this study we have focused on some conventional methods namely Runge-Kutta method, Adaptive Stepsize Control for Runge-Kutta and an ODE Solver package, EPISODE. We describe the characteristics shared by these methods. We compare the performance and the computational effort of such methods. In order to achieve higher accuracy in the solution, the traditional numerical methods such as Euler, explicit Runge-Kutta and Adams –Moulton methods step size need to be very small. This however introduces enough round-off errors to cause instability of the solution. To overcome this problem we have used two other algorithms namely Adaptive Stepsize Control for Runge-Kutta and EPISODE. The results are compared with exact one to determine the efficiency of the above mentioned method. GANIT J. Bangladesh Math. Soc. (ISSN 1606-3694) 30 (2010) 121-132  DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ganit.v30i0.8509