bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
O rosto do ator: da expressão fotogênica ao reflexo externo
Authors: Guimaraes Pedro Maciel
Published: December 2016

Os usos e as teorias em torno da composição em primeiro plano, que coloca em destaque o rosto do ator: da ideia de fotogenia e da emoção facilmente visível na face atoral, defendida por Louis Delluc e Jean Epstein, passando pelos conceitos de rosto-máscara e rosto-máquina de Lev Kulechov e Mikhail Iampolski, ligados às vanguardas soviéticas dos anos 1920, até a proposta de Jacques Aumont para analisar os closes das atrizes do cinema clássico e moderno, que se dividem em rosto-alma e rosto-tela.
Jogos didascálicos contemporâneos: modos de abrir espaços poéticos de coralidade e circunscrever um lugar para a fala
Authors: Baumgärtel Stephan Arnulf
Published: December 2016

Este artigo discute a didascália contemporânea enquanto modo de construir e expor a cena teatral como espaço poético no qual a palavra falada assume (e novamente expõe) seu lugar como elemento mediador entre a imaginação do espectador e a concretude da configuração cênica. Parto da compreensão de que a informação didascálica levanta no interior do código teatral a questão da fundamentação da escrita, seja ela textual ou cênica. Mostro que a rubrica contemporânea exerce uma função teatralizante – ou seja, estabelece uma cena relacional e não substancial, no que diz respeito à associação das linguagens cênicas, ao vínculo entre palavra e corpo do ator bem como à configuração do eixo comunicativo entre cena e espectadores. Ela sugere essa poética relacional ao espectador e dessa maneira enfatiza a estrutura coral da cena contemporânea.
“Do que vocês estão falando?”: ressonâncias formais e políticas de uma dramaturgia do convívio
Authors: Romagnolli Luciana Eastwood
Published: December 2016

Este artigo propõe-se a uma revisão crítica da obra do diretor Marcio Abreu em diálogo com os conceitos de convívio (DUBATTI, 2007) e situação (CORNAGO, 2016), a partir da análise de três espetáculos dos quais assina a dramaturgia: Vida (2010) e PROJETO bRASIL (2015), com a companhia brasileira de teatro, e Nós (2016), com o grupo Galpão, além de ecos das experiências de encenação de textos de autores franceses – Suíte 1 de Philippe Minyana (2004); Apenas o fim do mundo de Jean-Luc Lagarce (2006); e Isso te interessa? de Noëlle Renaude (2011) – e de um autor russo – Oxigênio de Ivan Viripaev (2010) –, para identificar procedimentos, formas e questões em ressonância que tangenciem uma política do convívio.
Mão invisível
Authors: Pessoa Patrick
Published: December 2016

Continuando pesquisa sobre as possíveis configurações do ensaio, neste texto o ensaio como forma se transmuta em ensaio como carta. Depois de ter trabalhado com o diretor Marcio Abreu na criação de Nômades e acompanhado de perto o processo de Krum, o autor procura sintetizar numa carta a seu parceiro aquilo que considera o mais fundamental no seu modo de dirigir.
Ensaio para depois do fim: a dramaturgia performativa do corpo em PROJETO bRASIL: luto e desordem
Authors: Oliveira Nathalia Catharina Alves
Published: December 2016

Este artigo reflete sobre o corpo na peça PROJETO bRASIL, da companhia brasileira de teatro. Parte-se da ideia de que a manifestação e a dramaturgia performativa desses corpos podem ser vistas como um reflexo das contradições do estado de exceção da história brasileira, concebida como um corpo que já chegou ao seu fim e diante do qual estamos enlutados. Compreende-se que o corpo em PROJETO bRASIL é tanto sujeito quanto objeto de luto, um corpo social em estado de desordem e de suspensão e que, contraditoriamente, está engajado em uma reflexão crítica diante de sua própria falência, tendo em vista uma possibilidade utópica para depois do fim.
O que (quase) não pode ser dito
Authors: Machado Neto Alvaro De Souza
Published: December 2016

Além de direções para a companhia brasileira de teatro, da qual é fundador, Marcio Abreu assinou dramaturgias e direções para diversos coletivos teatrais e performers, tanto no Brasil como na França. Em 2016, colaborou em texto e assinou a direção de Nós, do Grupo Galpão, de Belo Horizonte, peça analisada neste artigo.
Conversa aberta: texto e musicalidade
Authors: Ferrer Maria Clara
Published: December 2016

Este texto é a transcrição da mesa redonda realizada no dia 4 de agosto de 2016, durante o evento “CASA ABERTA convida: Texto e musicalidade”, na Sala Preta do curso de Teatro da Universidade Federal de São João Del Rei. Convidados e professores do curso elaboram uma reflexão aprofundada sobre um possível lugar de interseção entre a Música e o Teatro, sob as perspectivas da dramaturgia, da encenação, da atuação e da pedagogia teatral, em um diálogo permeado pelas noções de coro, escuta e silêncio.
Genética de uma obra teatral: traços e gestos da escrita cênica de Marcio Abreu
Authors: Ferrer Maria Clara
Published: December 2016

Dossiê fotografico reunindo imagens de ensaios, de cadernos de criaçao e de espetaculos do autor e diretor Marcio Abreu
Visão de corpos mutilados: entre o real e o performativo
Authors: Veloso Verônica
Published: December 2016

A visão de corpos mutilados e mortos é cada vez mais frequente na cena teatral contemporânea, o que leva a questionar a pertinência de se confrontar o espectador com essas imagens do horror. Retomando teóricos como Didi-Huberman e Susan Sontag, o artigo propõe uma discussão sobre a associação da produção de imagens com a produção de imaginário. Duas encenações apresentadas em Paris logo após os atentados de novembro de 2015 são analisadas, observando-se aspectos documentais e biográficos que posicionam tais experiências entre o real e o performativo.
Beckett, pedagogo do ator: práticas de esgotamento
Authors: Lima Tatiana Motta
Published: December 2016

Os textos de Samuel Beckett convidam o ator a descobrir lugares insuspeitados do ser. Eles podem ser vistos como mapas que indicam modos de ser/fazer ou, dizendo de outra maneira, modos de subjetivação que “bagunçam” nossas ideias/práticas mais imediatas de indivíduo, sujeito, personalidade, e, portanto, de ator/atuação e de formação de atores. O que está em jogo são novas relações entre textualidade, oralidade, corporeidade e subjetivação. Nesse sentido, Beckett pode ser visto com um pedagogo (ainda que muito sui generis) do ator. Seus textos podem ser pensados como pedagógicos, já que ensinam/convocam a uma atuação “outra”: múltipla, desmembrada, falhada, apagada, extremamente autoconsciente e que, ao mesmo tempo, acha “alegre ainda não ter estabelecido com o menor grau de precisão o que é”. Uma das perguntas centrais dessa pedagogia beckettiana poderia ser: como formar o ator sem produzir uma reificação individualista? Como formá-lo promovendo – e/ou a partir de – novos modos de subjetivação?
Além da opinião: três possíveis definições da crítica de dança
Authors: Rochelle Henrique
Published: December 2016

A partir de uma incursão teórica que investiga relatos do fazer crítico e análises de suas características – desde os anos 1960 e até o presente –, um panorama histórico (e crítico) do entendimento da crítica de dança é traçado, articulando e exemplificando três possibilidades de definição dessa atividade a partir de sua forma, sua estrutura e suas funções, que a colocam num espaço além do domínio da simples pessoalidade de uma opinião e evidenciam sua importância enquanto atividade de mediação entre públicos e obras de arte.
Corpo e a cidade: as intervenções urbanas disruptivas do Viajou Sem Passaporte durante a ditadura militar
Authors: Bertucci Patricia Morales
Published: December 2016

Este artigo trata das intervenções urbanas do coletivo de arte independente Viajou Sem Passaporte como contraposição ao espaço produzido na cidade de São Paulo durante os anos da ditadura militar (1964-1985). Para tanto, suas ações performáticas, pautadas pela criatividade, podem ser consideradas como disrupções estético-políticas, capazes de provocar desvios no cotidiano e inspirar novas subjetividades durante um importante momento de transição política: de um regime militar para a democracia.
Evaluation of factors associated with predation on Caiman latirostris nests (Crocodylia: Alligatoridae) in Argentina
Authors: Simoncini Melina Soledad , Marcó María Virginia Parachú , Portelinha Thiago Costa Gonçalves , Piña Carlos Ignacio
Published: December 2016

Predation is a major cause of crocodilian egg loss. However, at present, the mechanisms by which predators detect nests is unknown. Previous studies have reported that predators are able to detect prey using both visual and olfactory cues. This study aims to determine the natural predation rate on Broad-snouted Caiman (Caiman latirostris) nests in a “normal” year (i.e., no extreme climatic events) and whether olfactory or visual cues attract predators to caiman nests, and to evaluate the effect of maternal presence on nest predation. In December 2010, we searched for nests in the north of Santa Fe Province, Argentina. Each nest was assigned to one of the following treatments: (1) control nests (nests were observed from a distance to avoid disturbance), (2) visual attraction nests (yellow flagging tapes were tied to vegetation around the nest), (3) olfactory attraction nests (nests were opened, one egg from the clutch was broken, and then the nests were covered again), (4) olfactory attraction from human disturbance (material was manipulated by researchers). The natural predation rate on broad-snouted caiman nests was found to be 21% during the nesting season. Both olfactory and visual cues were associated with increased predation rates, and human disturbance was strongly associated with increased nest predation at terrestrial sites. Predation rates were less at nests attended by female caiman. Management programs that harvest eggs in wild populations (ranching) are predicated on the assumption that removal of some eggs is sustainable, because some will be lost to natural causes (e.g., predation and flooding) and the remaining hatchlings will have improved survival rates. To reduce nest predation of Broad-snouted Caiman between the time when the nest is found and when the eggs are collected, we propose to avoid identification of nest sites with highly visible markings (e.g., flagging tapes tied to vegetation around nests) and to collect eggs immediately after they are found
Distribution and natural history notes on the Peruvian lizard Proctoporus laudahnae (Squamata: Gymnophthalmidae)
Authors: Chávez Germán , Chávez-Arribasplata Juan C.
Published: December 2016

Little has been learned about the lizard Proctoporus laudahnae since its description. Based on six specimens collected recently from Achupampa, on the eastern Andean slopes of central Peru, we present data about its geographic distribution, coloration in life, pholidosis variation, and natural history
Sexual maturation in free-ranging Chilabothrus angulifer (Serpentes: Boidae)
Authors: Rodríguez-Cabrera Tomás M. , López Javier Torres , Marrero Ruben , Savall Ernesto Morell , Ochotorena Ana Sanz
Published: December 2016

The Cuban Boa (C. angulifer) is the only boid snake in Cuba. It is the largest member of the genus, as well as the largest snake in the West Indies (> 400 cm in snout-vent length); as such, it is an iconic species of the Cuban herpetofauna. Although the snake’s natural history is poorly known, several studies describe aspects of its reproductive biology in captivity. Herein we document the sizes and ages at which both sexes reach sexual maturity in nature, and show that the Cuban Boa reaches adulthood at a much smaller size than previously reported for captive snakes. Based on the limited information on the growth rate of C. angulifer in nature, males must reach breeding size after 3 years and females after 5 years
Redes de Bragg utilizadas para mensuração da contração de polimerização de duas resinas acrílicas na moldagem aberta de prótese sobre implantes
Authors: Fatiga Moira , Karam Leandro Zen , Ulbrich Nerildo Luiz , Kalinowski Hypolito José , Franco Ana Paula Gebert de Oliveira
Published: December 2016

Objetivo: O objetivo do estudo foi comparar a contração máxima de polimerização e a variação máxima de temperatura de duas resinas acrílicas utilizadas na união dos postes de moldagem por meio de sensores de redes de Bragg. Material e Métodos: 2 implantes Cone Morse (Neodent) foram inseridos em um osso artificial (Sawbones). Sobre os implantes foram adaptados 2 postes de moldagem que foram unidos com fio dental e resina acrílica. Para o estudo foram selecionadas 2 resinas acrílicas: Duralay e GC Pattern LS. Foram posicionados 2 sensores de fibra ótica, sendo um em contato com a resina e outro no interior de uma agulha. As deformações máximas (µStrain) e a variação de temperatura máxima (°C) foram medidas. Os dados foram analisados por meio da ANOVA dois critérios e teste de múltiplas comparações de Games Howell. Resultados: A Duralay apresentou menor contração de polimerização que a GC Pattern LS. O tempo não influenciou nos valores de contração de polimerização, mas influenciou na variação de temperatura máxima. Conclusão: A resina acrílica Duralay permite maior passividade na moldagem aberta, porém gera maiores valores térmicos que podem causar danos às estruturas biológicas adjacentes.
Utilização da tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico na obtenção de índices radiomorfométricos – Revisão de Literatura
Authors: Salgado Daniela Miranda Richarte de Andrade , Zambrana Jéssica Rabelo Mina , Zambrana Nataly Rabelo Mina , Ribeiro Rodrigo Alves , Caputo Bruno Vieira , Noro-Filho Gilberto Araújo , Costa Claudio
Published: December 2016

Diferentes índices quantitativos e qualitativos são utilizados para mensurar a qualidade óssea em radiografia panorâmicas, e são denominados, índices radiomorfométricos. Esses índices são propostos como ferramentas de rastreio da baixa densidade mineral óssea e da osteoporose, sendo considerados como métodos alternativos. Atualmente pesquisadores têm utilizado esses índices em tomografias computadorizadas de feixe cônico (TCFC), com o intuito de verificar se esse exame também pode ser utilizado para busca de pacientes com baixa densidade mineral óssea. O objetivo desse estudo, foi fazer uma revisão de literatura a respeito do uso da TCFC para a obtenção dos índices. Foram selecionados trabalhos que abordaram o uso da TCFC e índices radiomorfométricos para análise da qualidade óssea. Conclui-se que os índices radiomorfométricos podem ser obtidos em exames de TCFC, porém mais estudos são necessários devido a variabilidade de metodologias e parâmetros.
Canalis Sinuosus and radiographic procedures in the region of anterior maxilla
Authors: Kim Jun Ho , Júnior Reinaldo A , Aoki Eduardo M , Baladi Marina G , Cortes Arthur RG , Watanabe Plauto CA , Arita Emiko S
Published: December 2016

The Canalis Sinuosus (CS) is known as an anatomical variation of anterior superior alveolar nerve being a neurovascular bundle. Frequently, the anterior maxillary region receives surgical interventions of different specialties. The knowledge concerning anatomical structures in this region, is crucial to reach predictable and safe surgical procedures. The overlapping of anatomical structures in conventional imaging examinations have a limit in observing neurovascular canal, such as the CS. Thus, Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) images may give a great support in preoperative planning, since it allows the three-dimensional reconstruction of the anatomical details of its structures. In this report, the author describes an implant rehabilitation that may have possibly injured the anterior superior alveolar nerve.
Surgical excision of a residual cyst in a patient with previous history of jaw osteonecrosis associated with oral bisphosphonate: A case report
Authors: Vasconcelos Ana Carolina Uchoa , Borges Wâneza Dias , Heitz Cláiton , Salum Fernanda Gonçalves , Figueiredo Maria Antonio Zancanaro de , Nascimento Gustavo Giacomelli , Duarte Aline Adelaide Paz da Silva , Cherubini Karen
Published: December 2016

Residual cyst is an inflammatory odontogenic cyst resultant from pulp necrosis, where the tooth has already been removed. Bisphosphonates are drugs used in the prevention and treatment of bone metabolism diseases with intense resorption activity, and they have been associated with osteonecrosis of the jaws, an important side effect. The aim of this study was to report a successful surgical treatment of a residual cyst in a patient who had previously developed jaw osteonecrosis associated with sodium alendronate use. We emphasize here the importance of safe preoperative procedures when approaching these patients.
Recycling of Apolipoprotein(a) After PlgRKT-Mediated Endocytosis of Lipoprotein(a)
Authors: Sharma Monika , Redpath Gregory M. , Williams Michael J.A. , McCormick Sally P.A.
Published: December 2016

Rationale:

Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is a low-density lipoprotein–like lipoprotein and important cardiovascular risk factor whose cognate receptor and intracellular fate remains unknown.

Objective:

Our study aimed to determine the intracellular trafficking pathway for Lp(a) and the receptor responsible for its uptake in liver cells.

Methods and Results:

Human hepatoma cells were treated with Lp(a) purified from human plasma and Lp(a) uptake studied using Western blot analysis and intracellular localization of Lp(a) by confocal microscopy. Lp(a) was maximally internalized by 2 hours and was detected by an antiapo(a) antibody to be localized to Rab5-positive early endosomes, the trans-Golgi network, and subsequently Rab11-positive recycling endosomes. In human hepatoma cells, the apo(a) component from the internalized Lp(a) was resecreted back into the cellular media, whereas the low-density lipoprotein component was localized to the lysosomal compartment. Lp(a) internalization was reduced 0.35-fold in HAP1 and 0.33-fold in human hepatoma cells in which the plasminogen receptor (KT) was knocked out. Conversely, Lp(a) internalization was enhanced 2-fold in HAP1 and 1.6-fold in human hepatoma cells in which plasminogen receptor (KT) was overexpressed, showing for the first time the role of a specific plasminogen receptor in Lp(a) uptake.

Conclusions:

The novel findings that Lp(a) is internalized by the plasminogen receptor, plasminogen receptor (KT), and the apo(a) component is recycled may have important implications for the catabolism and function of Lp(a).
Endothelial Function Assessed by Automatic Measurement of Enclosed Zone Flow‐Mediated Vasodilation Using an Oscillometric Method Is an Independent Predictor of Cardiovascular Events
Authors: Morimoto Haruka , Kajikawa Masato , Oda Nozomu , Idei Naomi , Hirano Harutoyo , Hida Eisuke , Maruhashi Tatsuya , Iwamoto Yumiko , Kishimoto Shinji , Matsui Shogo , Aibara Yoshiki , Hidaka Takayuki , Kihara Yasuki , Chayama Kazuaki , Goto Chikara , Noma Kensuke , Nakashima Ayumu , Ukawa Teiji , Tsuji Toshio , Higashi Yukihito
Published: December 2016

Background

A new device for automatic measurement of flow‐mediated vasodilation (
FMD
) using an oscillometric method has been developed to solve technical problems of conventional
FMD
measurement. This device measures enclosed zone FMD (ez
FMD
). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of endothelial function assessed by ez
FMD
for future cardiovascular events.

Methods and Results

We measured ez
FMD
in 272 participants who underwent health‐screening examinations. First, we investigated cross‐sectional associations between ez
FMD
and cardiovascular risk factors, and then we assessed the associations between ez
FMD
and first major cardiovascular events (death from cardiovascular causes, stroke, and coronary revascularization). Univariate regression analysis revealed that ez
FMD
was significantly correlated with age, triglycerides, glucose, smoking pack‐years, estimated glomerular filtration rate, high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein, and Framingham risk score. During a median follow‐up period of 36.1 months (interquartile range 18.8–40.1 months), 12 participants died (6 from cardiovascular causes), 3 had stroke, 8 had coronary revascularization, and 10 were hospitalized for heart failure. There was no episode of acute coronary syndrome during the study period. Participants were divided into tertiles (low, intermediate, and high) based on ez
FMD
. Kaplan–Meier curves for first major cardiovascular events among the 3 groups were significantly different (
P
=0.004). After adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors, the low group was significantly associated with an increased risk of first major cardiovascular events compared with the high group (hazard ratio 6.47; 95% CI 1.09–125.55;
P
=0.038).

Conclusions

These findings suggest that endothelial function assessed by ez
FMD
may be useful as a surrogate marker of future cardiovascular events.

Clinical Trial Registration

URL
:
https://upload.umin.ac.jp
. Unique identifier:
UMIN
000004902.
Valuing the Contributions of Nonstate and Subnational Actors to Climate Governance
Authors: van der Ven Hamish , Bernstein Steven , Hoffmann Matthew
Published: December 2016

Nonstate and subnational climate governance activities are proliferating. Alongside them are databases and registries that attempt to calculate their contributions to global decarbonization. We label these registries “orchestration platforms” because they both aggregate disparate initiatives and attempt to steer them toward overarching objectives such as improved transparency, accountability, and effectiveness. While well-intentioned, many orchestration platforms adopt a narrow conception of “value” as either quantifiable greenhouse gas (GHG) reductions or relevant outputs. We offer a more comprehensive approach to valuing nonstate and subnational climate governance that is rooted in recognizing the potential for initiatives to become far-reaching (i.e., achieve scale) and durable (i.e., become entrenched). We illustrate the comparative advantage of our approach with reference to a particular case of nonstate governance: The Carbon Trust’s attempt to create product carbon footprints. By tracing the direct and indirect impacts of product carbon footprinting, we show that initial failures to generate quantifiable GHG reductions or produce relevant outputs do not reflect the intervention’s broader impacts through scaling to other jurisdictions and entrenching business practices that contribute to decarbonization. Taking this broader view of “value” can help policy-makers better understand and gauge the contribution of nonstate and subnational climate governance to global decarbonization.
Regulatory Institutions and Market-Based Climate Policy in China
Authors: Goron Coraline , Cassisa Cyril
Published: December 2016

Domestic regulatory institutions are essential components of emissions trading systems (ETS). Not only do they shape the ways that markets operate, they also condition the environmental value of the carbon credits they produce. However, the literature on global carbon politics has paid little attention to local ETS regulators. In a decentralized system increasingly based on a noodle bowl of diversified environmental markets, the study of carbon markets must integrate the institutions in which they operate. This article focuses on China, which, due to its size, is both keen to and expected to have a significant impact on the global system of market-based instruments. We examine how China’s regulatory institutions have worked to implement the seven ETS pilots launched since 2012, and tease out some implications regarding how China’s national ETS may contribute to global climate change governance. In this study, we analyze both formal and informal regulatory institutions, through the practice of local actors. The main finding is that the tension between the state and markets in China’s ETS implementation has resulted in a reinforcement of state domination rather than the emergence of robust regulatory institutions. The contribution that the ETS makes to China’s emissions reduction is also limited by more pressing environmental and industrial policies that local regulators must prioritize. Local nonregulatory implementation practices could undermine the long-term objective to integrate China’s ETS with others under article 6 of the UNFCCC.
Searching for the Elusive? Examining the Right to Health’s Status in the Pacific
Authors: Kallie Jennifer Y , Brolan Claire E , Richards Nicola C
Published: December 2016

Integrating the right to health is pivotal in progressing health and development in the Pacific. The Sustainable Development Goal (sdg) agenda provides an opportunity for this, given the relationship between health, human rights, climate change and sustainable development. The right to health’s content can be utilised to progress country obligations in various ways: through facilitating implementation of Universal Health Coverage, supporting the development of health metrics, and assisting in equitable health policies. Cumulatively, such measures can act as process and outcome indicators of a state’s progressive realisation toward achieving the right to health.

In analysing the status of the law and policy relating to the right to health, this study has established a right to health baseline for the Pacific region at sdg commencement, contributing both to monitoring and evaluation, and promoting visibility of this often overlooked region. Methods included a systematic review of the literature on the right to health, and review of six structural rights indicators in existing law and policy relating to the right to health in the 16 Pacific Island Forum countries and territories, 14 of which are recognised as small island developing states. Findings confirm the right to health’s marginalisation in the region. The ratification of United Nations (un) treaties, integration of international human rights obligations into domestic law and policy, and compliance with reporting requirements were found to be piecemeal and ad hoc at best.

We argue that while legal recognition is only one step in the process of realising the right to health, the existence of right to health law and policy is a pivotal start if there is to be equitable implementation of the sdg health agenda. We also recommend Pacific nations develop one reporting framework, which can double to meet their reporting requirements under un treaty bodies and sdg 3 global health commitments.
A new species of Rubus L. (Rosaceae) from Arunachal Pradesh, India
Authors: DASH SUDHANSU SEKHAR , GUPTA CHANDANI , BHUYAN LAKHI RAM
Published: December 2016

A new species, Rubus haridasanii, from Arunachal Pradesh, Eastern Himalaya, is described and illustrated. It is closely related to Rubus preptanthus but differs by the presence of caudate-acuminate leaves, 5–6-flowered inflorescences, stipitate glandular pedicels and calyx, delicate needle-like prickles on the calyx, caudate apex of the sepals. The distinct foliar as well as floral morphology of R. haridasanii differ from all previously described species of Rubus. Differences in key morphological characters of R. haridasanii and R. preptanthus are also tabulated. In addition, pollen morphology is described based on light (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
The Role of Plant CO2 Physiological Forcing in Shaping Future Daily-Scale Precipitation
Authors: Skinner Christopher B. , Poulsen Christopher J. , Chadwick Robin , Diffenbaugh Noah S. , Fiorella Richard P.
Published: December 2016

Continued anthropogenic CO2 emissions are expected to drive widespread changes in precipitation characteristics. Nonetheless, projections of precipitation change vary considerably at the regional scale between climate models. Here, it is shown that the response of plant physiology to elevated CO2, or CO2 physiological forcing drives widespread hydrologic changes distinct from those associated with CO2 radiative forcing and has a role in shaping regional-scale differences in projected daily-scale precipitation changes. In a suite of simulations with the Community Climate System Model, version 4 (CCSM4), reduced stomatal conductance from projected physiological forcing drives large decreases in transpiration and changes the distribution of daily-scale precipitation within and adjacent to regions of dense vegetation and climatologically high transpiration. When atmospheric conditions are marginally favorable for precipitation, reduced transpiration dries the boundary layer and increases the likelihood of dry day occurrence. In CCSM4, the annual number of dry days increases by upward of 15 days yr−1 over tropical land and the continental midlatitudes. Decreases in transpiration from physiological forcing also increase the number of heavy precipitation events by up to 8 days yr−1 in many tropical forest regions. Despite reductions in the land surface contribution to atmospheric moisture, diminished surface latent heat fluxes warm the forest boundary layer and increase moisture convergence from nearby oceans, enhancing instability. The results suggest that consideration of the radiative impacts of CO2 alone cannot account for projected regional-scale differences in daily precipitation changes, and that CO2 physiological forcing may contribute to differences in projected precipitation characteristics among climate models.
Block network mapping approach to quantitative trait locus analysis
Authors: Shreif Zeina Z. , Gatti Daniel M. , Periwal Vipul
Published: December 2016

Background

Advances in experimental biology have enabled the collection of enormous troves of data on genomic variation in living organisms. The interpretation of this data to extract actionable information is one of the keys to developing novel therapeutic strategies to treat complex diseases. Network organization of biological data overcomes measurement noise in several biological contexts. Does a network approach, combining information about the linear organization of genomic markers with correlative information on these markers in a Bayesian formulation, lead to an analytic method with higher power for detecting quantitative trait loci?

Results

Block Network Mapping, combining Similarity Network Fusion (Wang et al., NM 11:333–337, 2014) with a Bayesian locus likelihood evaluation, leads to large improvements in area under the receiver operating characteristic and power over interval mapping with expectation maximization. The method has a monotonically decreasing false discovery rate as a function of effect size, unlike interval mapping.

Conclusions

Block Network Mapping provides an alternative data-driven approach to mapping quantitative trait loci that leverages correlations in the sampled genotypes. The evaluation methodology can be combined with existing approaches such as Interval Mapping. Python scripts are available at http://lbm.niddk.nih.gov/vipulp/. Genotype data is available at http://churchill-lab.jax.org/website/GattiDOQTL.
Quantifier Variance and Indefinite Extensibility
Authors: Warren Jared
Published: December 2016

This essay clarifies quantifier variance and uses it to provide a theory of indefinite extensibility that I call the variance theory of indefinite extensibility. The indefinite extensibility response to the set-theoretic paradoxes sees each argument for paradox as a demonstration that we have come to a different and more expansive understanding of ‘all sets’ (or ‘all ordinals’ or ‘all cardinals’). But indefinite extensibility is philosophically puzzling: extant accounts are either metasemantically suspect in requiring mysterious mechanisms of domain expansion, or metaphysically suspect in requiring nonstandard assumptions about mathematical objects. Happily, the view of quantifier meanings that underwrites quantifier variance can be used to provide an account of indefinite extensibility that is both metasemantically and metaphysically satisfying. Section 1 introduces the puzzle of indefinite extensibility; section 2 develops and clarifies the metasemantics of quantifier variance; section 3 solves section 1's puzzle of indefinite extensibility by applying section 2's account of quantifier meanings; and section 4 compares the theory developed in section 3 to several other theories in the literature.
S. cerevisiae Trm140 has two recognition modes for 3-methylcytidine modification of the anticodon loop of tRNA substrates
Authors: Han Lu , Marcus Erin , D'Silva Sonia , Phizicky Eric M.
Published: December 2016

The 3-methylcytidine (m3C) modification is ubiquitous in eukaryotic tRNA, widely found at C32 in the anticodon loop of tRNAThr, tRNASer, and some tRNAArg species, as well as in the variable loop (V-loop) of certain tRNASer species. In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, formation of m3C32 requires Trm140 for six tRNA substrates, including three tRNAThr species and three tRNASer species, whereas in Schizosaccharomyces pombe, two Trm140 homologs are used, one for tRNAThr and one for tRNASer. The occurrence of a single Trm140 homolog is conserved broadly among Ascomycota, whereas multiple Trm140-related homologs are found in metazoans and other fungi. We investigate here how S. cerevisiae Trm140 protein recognizes its six tRNA substrates. We show that Trm140 has two modes of tRNA substrate recognition. Trm140 recognizes G35-U36-t6A37 of the anticodon loop of tRNAThr substrates, and this sequence is an identity element because it can be used to direct m3C modification of tRNAPhe. However, Trm140 recognition of tRNASer substrates is different, since their anticodons do not share G35–U36 and do not have any nucleotides in common. Rather, specificity of Trm140 for tRNASer is achieved by seryl-tRNA synthetase and the distinctive tRNASer V-loop, as well as by t6A37 and i6A37. We provide evidence that all of these components are important in vivo and that seryl-tRNA synthetase greatly stimulates m3C modification of tRNASer(CGA) and tRNASer(UGA) in vitro. In addition, our results show that Trm140 binding is a significant driving force for tRNA modification and suggest separate contributions from each recognition element for the modification.
Conserved binding of GCAC motifs by MEC-8, couch potato, and the RBPMS protein family
Authors: Soufari Heddy , Mackereth Cameron D.
Published: December 2016

Precise regulation of mRNA processing, translation, localization, and stability relies on specific interactions with RNA-binding proteins whose biological function and target preference are dictated by their preferred RNA motifs. The RBPMS family of RNA-binding proteins is defined by a conserved RNA recognition motif (RRM) domain found in metazoan RBPMS/Hermes and RBPMS2, Drosophila couch potato, and MEC-8 from Caenorhabditis elegans. In order to determine the parameters of RNA sequence recognition by the RBPMS family, we have first used the N-terminal domain from MEC-8 in binding assays and have demonstrated a preference for two GCAC motifs optimally separated by >6 nucleotides (nt). We have also determined the crystal structure of the dimeric N-terminal RRM domain from MEC-8 in the unbound form, and in complex with an oligonucleotide harboring two copies of the optimal GCAC motif. The atomic details reveal the molecular network that provides specificity to all four bases in the motif, including multiple hydrogen bonds to the initial guanine. Further studies with human RBPMS, as well as Drosophila couch potato, confirm a general preference for this double GCAC motif by other members of the protein family and the presence of this motif in known targets.
Recent advances in understanding antiphospholipid syndrome
Authors: Bertolaccini Maria Laura , Sanna Giovanni
Published: December 2016

Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), also known as Hughes Syndrome, is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by thrombosis and/or pregnancy morbidity in the presence of persistently positive antiphospholipid antibodies. A patient with APS must meet at least one of two clinical criteria (vascular thrombosis or complications of pregnancy) and at least one of two laboratory criteria including the persistent presence of lupus anticoagulant (LA), anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL), and/or anti-b2 glycoprotein I (anti-b2GPI) antibodies of IgG or IgM isotype at medium to high titres in patient’s plasma. However, several other autoantibodies targeting other coagulation cascade proteins (i.e. prothrombin) or their complex with phospholipids (i.e. phosphatidylserine/prothrombin complex), or to some domains of β2GPI, have been proposed to be also relevant to APS. In fact, the value of testing for new aPL specificities in the identification of APS in thrombosis and/or pregnancy morbidity patients is currently being investigated.
Whole genome resequencing of a laboratory-adapted Drosophila melanogaster population sample
Authors: Gilks William P. , Pennell Tanya M. , Flis Ilona , Webster Matthew T. , Morrow Edward H.
Published: December 2016

As part of a study into the molecular genetics of sexually dimorphic complex traits, we used high-throughput sequencing to obtain data on genomic variation in an outbred laboratory-adapted fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) population. We successfully resequenced the whole genome of 220 hemiclonal females that were heterozygous for the same Berkeley reference line genome (BDGP6/dm6), and a unique haplotype from the outbred base population (LHM). The use of a static and known genetic background enabled us to obtain sequences from whole-genome phased haplotypes. We used a BWA-Picard-GATK pipeline for mapping sequence reads to the dm6 reference genome assembly, at a median depth-of coverage of 31X, and have made the resulting data publicly-available in the NCBI Short Read Archive (Accession number SRP058502). We used Haplotype Caller to discover and genotype 1,726,931 small genomic variants (SNPs and indels, <200bp). Additionally we detected and genotyped 167 large structural variants (1-100Kb in size) using GenomeStrip/2.0. Sequence and genotype data are publicly-available at the corresponding NCBI databases: Short Read Archive, dbSNP and dbVar (BioProject PRJNA282591). We have also released the unfiltered genotype data, and the code and logs for data processing and summary statistics (https://zenodo.org/communities/sussex_drosophila_sequencing/).
EL PROGRAMA SOCIOEPISTEMOLÓGICO DE INVESTIGACIÓN EN MATEMÁTICA EDUCATIVA: EL CASO DE LATINOAMÉRICA
Authors: Cantoral Ricardo , Montiel-Espinosa Gisela , Reyes Daniela
Published: December 2016

Este escrito presenta una mirada sintética del proceso de constitución del programa socioepistemológico de investigación en Matemática Educativa. Desarrolla en particular el caso de la escuela latinoamericana y no aspira a constituirse en un estudio exhaustivo del tema, ni a una revisión del estado del arte. Articula algunas de las nociones clave de la Socioepistemología y las presenta como medio de intervención en el cambio educativo para el campo de las matemáticas escolares.
MEMORIA SOBRE LA EMERGENCIA DE LAS FUNCIONES ELÍPTICAS
Authors: Solanilla Chavarro Leonardo , Tamayo Acevedo Ana Celi , Pareja Ocampo Gabriel Antonio
Published: December 2016

En este artículo respondemos algunos interrogantes que nos hemos formulado sobre y en torno a la emergencia histórica de las funciones elípticas en la primera mitad del siglo XIX. En primer lugar, queremos determinar las fuerzas más relevantes que producían tensiones en la disciplina durante la época considerada. Para ello, vamos a proponer una hipótesis explicativa del vuelco en la esfera del pensamiento matemático que resultó cuando se prefirieron las funciones en lugar de las integrales elípticas. Esta hipótesis se arraiga en el estado del “Análisis” y el “Álgebra” durante la época de la emergencia. Luego mostraremos que las construcciones de Abel y Jacobi de las funciones elípticas soportan nuestra hipótesis de trabajo. Por último, delineamos algunas conclusiones referentes a nuestras reflexiones.
A FUNCTIONAL GRAPHIC APPROACH TO INEQUATIONS
Authors: Souza Vera H. G. de , Nogueira Rosana , Campos Tânia M. M.
Published: December 2016

Presentamos algunos resultados de una encuesta aplicada a cinco maestros de matemáticas que trabajaran con un método gráfico para resolver desigualdades. Las actividades se desarrollaron utilizando registros algebraicos, gráficos y en lenguaje natural (Duval, 1995, 2000), lo cual llevó a un proceso de tratamientos y conversiones, que dejó ver las faltas cometidas por los maestros al utilizar los métodos algebraicos y al comparar estos últimos con los gráficos de resolución. Analizamos los protocolos de los maestros en busca de aspectos formales, intuitivos y algorítmicos (Fischbein, 1993). Los análisis mostraron que los maestros no explican por qué los métodos algebraicos y gráficos que utilizaron presentan diferentes soluciones. Esto último es evidencia de que ellos no dominan los aspectos formales de los métodos algebraicos de resolución que a menudo utilizan en sus clases.
RACIOCÍNIO GEOMÉTRICO VERSUS DEFINIÇÃO DE CONCEITOS: A DEFINIÇÃO DE QUADRADO COM ALUNOS DE 6.º ANO DE ESCOLARIDADE
Authors: Aires Ana Paula , Campos Helena , Poças Ricardo
Published: December 2016

La geometría a pesar de ser considerada un tema de gran importancia sigue siendo, sin embargo, un tópico en el cual los estudiantes muestran, todavía, muchas dificultades. En este trabajo, hemos analizado la forma en cómo visualizan y presenta la idea de cuadrado un grupo de estudiantes del sexto grado. Esta investigación ha permitido caracterizar la posición del razonamiento geométrico de cada estudiante teniendo como base los niveles de van Hiele. Los resultados obtenidos permiten concluir que el nivel de razonamiento geométrico de los alumnos es menor de lo deseable y necesario a esta fase de aprendizaje en Geometría. Además, la definición del cuadrado presentada por la mayoría de los estudiantes está basada solamente en la congruencia de los lados. Así ambos resultados muestran que los alumnos tienen dificultades en la jerarquía de las propiedades geométricas, hecho que los autores consideran pertinente para seguir investigando, sea en el campo de las posibles causas, sea en cómo intervenir en el aula, así como la formación inicial y continua de los profesores.
LAS ESTRATEGIAS UTILIZADAS POR LOS NIÑOS TEE SAVI EN LA RESOLUCIÓN DE PROBLEMAS ARITMÉTICOS
Authors: García-García Javier , Rodríguez Vásquez Flor Monserrat , Navarro Sandoval Catalina
Published: December 2016

México es un país con una gran diversidad cultural y lingüística, por esta razón y por la importancia que ha cobrado la interculturalidad planteada en los planes y programas de estudio en vigor para la educación pública (SEP, 2011a), es que nos interesamos en una comunidad particular, la población de niños Tee Savi (mixtecos). Específicamente nos cuestionamos sobre cuáles son las estrategias que utilizan los niños Tee Savi de primaria cuando resuelven problemas aritméticos formales y prácticos. Identificar las estrategias utilizadas permite, entre otros resultados, comparar su eficiencia en la resolución de los problemas antes mencionados. Como método de investigación se utilizó el estudio de casos múltiples, donde participaron 70 alumnos de 4°, 5° y 6° grado de primaria, cuyas edades oscilan entre los 9 y los 13 años. Se recurrió a cuestionarios (escritos en español) y entrevistas grupales (en Tu’un Savi, lengua materna del alumno) como instrumentos de recolección de datos. Las evidencias escritas y orales dan cuenta de la diferencia entre las estrategias usadas para ambos tipos de problemas.
LO POLÍTICO EN LA EDUCACIÓN MATEMÁTICA: DE LA EDUCACIÓN MATEMÁTICA CRÍTICA A LA POLÍTICA CULTURAL DE LA EDUCACIÓN MATEMÁTICA
Authors: Valero Paola , Andrade-Molina Melissa , Montecino Alex
Published: December 2016

Este artículo ofrece una ref lexión sobre los movimientos que ha configurado una visión crítica y política en educación matemática. Realizamos un mapeo de los puntos sobresalientes, por un lado, de la educación matemática crítica, su desarrollo en el mundo y en América Latina, sus preocupaciones, tensiones y nuevas direcciones. Por el otro, introducimos el giro hacia el estudio de la política cultural de la educación matemática. Esta tendencia permite problematizar, desde perspectivas histórico-culturales, cómo las prácticas educativas de las matemáticas contribuyen a la formación de los sujetos racionales de nuestro tiempo e insertan a las personas en formas de conocer y racionalidades matemáticas socialmente valoradas. El estudio político de la educación matemática en su totalidad ofrece maneras de entender e imaginar los distintos aspectos filosóficos, sociológicos y pedagógicos de las  matemáticas escolares.
Need to know basis
Authors: Rawstrone Annette
Published: December 2016

Annette Rawstrone outlines the important information that children need to know, so they can help the adults who may need to help them in an everyday situation or, more crucially, in an emergency.
ANALYSIS OF IMPROVEMENT ELEMENTS OF WALKING ENVIRONMENT ON KOREA TRADITONAL MARKETS USING ANALYTIC HEIRARCHY PROCESS
Authors: Chung Kumho , Yoon Min-Suk
Published: December 2016

In this paper, we evaluate elements to improve pedestrian mobility in order to revitalize traditional markets in South Korea.  The objective of this study is to analyze the priority of elements for pedestrians in traditional markets using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). This paper used a two level hierarchy structure to achieve the objective. The first level was composed of four elements and the second level was composed of 28 sub-elements. The questionnaire used pairwise comparison. The data for analysis was collected through a survey of university students. The AHP process produced the results of this study as follows. The elements in the first level of element priority are interest, convenience, comfort and safety. The sub-elements in the second level of element priority are pitchmen, street vendors, shopping, price negotiation, paving, landscape, street lights, benches, people watching, trash bins, street vegetation, obstacles, information signs, illegal parking, cul-de-sacs, noise, sidewalk width, crowdedness, lack of sidewalk, sidewalk slope, activities, public transportation, traffic, pedestrians, stalls, billboards, vehicle speed, parking lots, speed bumps, and bicycle roads.
Absolute Measurement and Ideal Synthesis on AHP
Authors: Salomon Valerio A. P.
Published: December 2016

The purpose of this essay is not to investigate why AHP has not been often applied with absolute measurement and ideal synthesis.
Italian Translation of "Creative Thinking, Problem Solving & Decision Making" by Thomas Saaty
Authors: Petrillo Antonella
Published: December 2016

This book is the Italian translation of “Creative Thinking, Problem Solving & Decision Making” by Professor Thomas Saaty, originally published in 2001 by RWS Publications. The title of the Italian translation published in November 2016 is “Pensiero Creativo, Problem Solving e Decision Making” and was a collaborative effort of Fabio De Felice, Thomas L. Saaty and Antonella Petrillo and published by Aracne Publisher.
A VENDOR'S EVALUATION–USING AHP FOR AN INDIAN STEEL PIPE MANUFACTURING COMPANY
Authors: KAMATH GIRIDHAR B , NAIK RAKESH , PRASAD SHIVA
Published: December 2016

To improve a firm’s supply chain performance it is essential to have a vendor evaluation process to be able to showcase an organization’s success in the present aggressive market. Hence, the process of evaluating the vendor is a crucial task of the purchasing executives in supply chain management. The objective of this research is to propose a methodology to evaluate the vendors for a steel pipe manufacturing firm in Gujarat, India. For the purpose of the study, the Analytical Hierarchy Process was used to evaluate the best raw material vendor for this company. Multiple qualitative and quantitative criteria are involved in the vendor evaluation process.  To solve the complex problem of vendor evaluation, a tradeoff between these multi-criteria is important. The outcomes indicated that the AHP technique makes it simpler to assign weights for the different criteria for evaluating the vendor. Research findings showed that quality is the most important criterion followed by delivery, cost and vendor relationship management.