bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Originality in Byzantine Architecture: The Case of Nea Moni
Authors: Ousterhout Robert
Published: April 2006

The katholikon (main church) of Nea Moni on Chios was constructed and lavishly decorated c. 1042-1055 under the patronage of the Byzantine emperor Constantine IX Monomachus. Although the church adheres to a conservative ground plan, the vaulting of the naos is unusual: the large dome is supported by an octaconch superimposed on a square naos. This unique structural and spatial solution may be best viewed as an example of experimentation, and I speculate that it was the result of a change in the design implemented during the process of construction. Whereas sources for the vaulting may be sought in Arab architecture, it would seem that the new forms were employed at Nea Moni specifically for the display of mosaic decoration.
"The Utmost Amount of Effectiv [sic] Accommodation": Andrew Carnegie and the Reform of the American Library
Authors: van Slyck Abigail A.
Published: April 2006

The last years of the nineteenth century saw the widespread acceptance of the idea that library facilities should be made available to the American public free of charge. In the same years, the design of the free American library was at the center of a prolonged and heated debate: on one hand, the newly organized library profession called for designs that supported efficiency in library administration; on the other, the men of wealth who often underwrote library construction continued to favor buildings that reinforced the paternalistic metaphor that sustained their philanthropic activities. Between 1886 and 1917, Andrew Carnegie undertook a program of library giving that reformed both library philanthropy and library design, encouraging a closer correspondence between the two. Using the corporation as his model, Carnegie introduced many of the philanthropic practices of the modern foundation. At the same time, he rejected the rigid social and spatial hierarchy of the nineteenth-century library. In over 1,600 buildings that resulted directly from this program and in hundreds of others influenced by its forms, Carnegie helped create an American public library type that embraced the planning principles espoused by librarians while extending a warmer welcome to the reading public.
The Façade of Sir John Soane's Museum: A Study in Contextualism
Authors: Jackson Anthony
Published: April 2006

In 1792, 1808, and 1823, Soane bought three adjacent properties on the north side of Lincoln's Inn Fields. In each case he had the existing house demolished and a new one erected. The fronts of these buildings ultimately produced the façade of what became known as Sir John Soane's Museum. A study of their design over a period of three decades shows how Soane's approach to the context of the street changed from accepting it as a physical reality to conceiving it as a theoretical ideal. In the process, the investigation also reveals the factors that shaped the different phases of the sequence.
Vignola's Facciata dei Banchi in Bologna
Authors: Tuttle Richard J.
Published: April 2006

As a masterpiece of urban renovation by a major Renaissance architect, the Facciata dei Banchi enjoys wide critical acclaim. The scholarly literature on it, however, is bedeviled by historical uncertainties as well as by cursory accounts of the physical and formal evidence. The object of this essay is threefold: to present some new and firm documentation about the patronage, dating, and authorship of the work; to assess Vignola's achievement in its design; and to offer a critical reading of the project within the ideology of style. Accordingly, the façade is shown to have been erected between 1565 and 1568 under the initial supervision of Carlo da Limito, who followed a master plan produced by Vignola in 1564 for papal governor Pier Donato Cesi. The design incorporates features of preexisting and neighboring buildings, applies triumphal and theatrical imagery to the Piazza Maggiore, and is faithful to Vignola's precepts about the orders. As an example of urban renovation promoted by papal authorities, the Facciata dei Banchi reflects the Vatican's commitment to using Roman classicism to promote political ends in the ecclesiastical state.
An Unrecorded Issue of Philibert Delorme's "Le premier tome de l'architecture", Annotated by Sir Henry Wotton
Authors: Mitchell Herbert
Published: April 2006

The rediscovered issue of Philibert Delorme's Le premier tome de l'architecture from 1603 adds to our knowledge of the history of this key treatise. The significant annotations in the volume, discussed in this article, document the continuing relevance of Delorme's book during the half-century between the well-known editions of 1576 and 1626. This particular exemplar throws unique light on the genesis of another architectural classic, Sir Henry Wotton's The Elements of Architecture (1624). The former contains a number of manuscript notes, one of which mentions Bocton Malherbe, Wotton's ancestral home. The handwriting proved to be Wotton's, when compared with authentic examples. Wotton credits Delorme as a source, and some of the notes here are first drafts of passages in The Elements. These marginal annotations, translated from the French, reappear reworded and perfected in the first English treatise on architectural theory.
Orazio Spada and His Architects: Amateurs and Professionals in Late-Seventeenth-Century Rome
Authors: Butler David
Published: April 2006

The participation of the marchese Orazio Spada (1613-87) in the design of his family chapel (1663-79) in the Chiesa Nuova has recently been acknowledged, but much remains to be said about the character of his patronage and his activity as an amateur architect. The marchese's approach to building was shaped by his family experience and was probably most profoundly influenced by the example of his uncle, Virgilio Spada, architectural advisor to a succession of popes. That Orazio's taste was more conservative than that of his uncle is demonstrated by a series of heretofore unpublished villa designs attributable to the marchese that demonstrate his preference for the classicism of Renaissance models. Some of these designs are based directly on the works of Andrea Palladio. Similarly, the plan and elevation of the main oval body of the Spada Chapel is an almost exact copy of Vignola's Sant'Anna de' Palafrenieri. The fidelity with which he follows this Renaissance model suggests that the marchese was partly responsible for the basic design, along with the professional architects who worked on the project, Camillo Arcucci (to 1667) and his successor, Carlo Rainaldi.
Architectural Culture in the Fifties: Louis Kahn and the National Assembly Complex in Dhaka
Authors: Ksiazek Sarah
Published: April 2006

This article explores the architectural culture of the fifties and analyzes Louis Kahn's responses, as reflected in his project for the National Assembly complex, now called Sher-e-Bangla Nagar in Dhaka, Bangladesh. After World War II, architects and social critics became increasingly distressed by the apparent erosion of community and rise of mass culture. Major architectural trends such as the new monumentality, humanism, and regionalism, were attempts to arrest this erosion and to facilitate the reconstruction of communal life. Analysis of Kahn's intellectual development from the mid-fifties to the early sixties demonstrates that he was influenced by these movements and shared these concerns. This is reflected in his design for the National Assembly complex, which became a forum in which Kahn addressed these particularly western dilemmas.
Matthew Brettingham the Younger, Foots Cray Place, and the Secularization of Palladio's Villa Rotonda in England
Authors: Anderson Stanford
Published: April 2006

Foots Cray Place (ca. 1754-60) is one of the four noted English villas based on Palladio's Villa Rotonda. Attributions of the design of the villa thus far have been on weak grounds and inconclusive. The discovery of a letter of Matthew Brettingham the Younger and four drawings permit an attribution to Brettingham, who, despite some recognition, has only one remodeling of a country house to his name. Further consideration of the Anglo-Palladian rotondas sustains a more general argument: in moving away from the ideal rigor of the Villa Rotonda, the English houses privilege perception over conception and incorporate the quotidian aspect of the sacred/domestic spectrum. Within the strict limits of the rotonda type, Foots Cray deserves attention for its successful adaptations to site and internal accommodation while reasserting some of the rigor of its precedent villa.
Adler and Sullivan's Guaranty Building in Buffalo
Authors: Siry Joseph
Published: April 2006

As the last of Adler and Sullivan's tall steel office buildings, the Guaranty responds in form and ornament not only to Sullivan's aesthetic program, but also to functional and constructive demands of the type articulated by Adler and others, and to an urban context of monumental architecture in Buffalo's civic center. The Guaranty's spatial and structural planning were based on a unit system of design, which also underlay the proportions of its street elevations and fenestration. The Guaranty was related to Adler and Sullivan's earlier Wainwright Building, whose fronts may reflect concern for conveying structural stability in light of concurrent debates on high buildings. Use of terra-cotta rather than brick in buildings like the Guaranty was prompted in part by labor conditions. The accentuated verticality of the elevations, which exemplifies ideas expressed in Sullivan's essay "The Tall Office Building Artistically Considered," also recalls the theory of Hippolyte Taine (1828-1893), professor of aesthetics and history of art at the Ecole des Beaux Arts, whose ideas Sullivan had studied.
"Unser Newyorker Mitarbeiter": Lewis Mumford, Walter Curt Behrendt, and the Modern Movement in Germany
Authors: Samson M. David
Published: April 2006

Lewis Mumford's advocacy of European Modernism in architecture was the result of his relationship with Walter Curt Behrendt, the editor of the German Werkbund's journal Die Form from 1925 to 1927. Before they met in 1925 Mumford and Behrendt each worked to encourage a new vernacular style, which would use rural values and regional planning to remake the industrial city. The two united in their critique of the unrestricted urban development and industrial standardization which dominated American culture in the 1920s, and which in Germany was mythologized as Amerikanismus. In 1925 Behrendt recruited Mumford to write on American architecture for Die Form from an anti-Amerikanismus point of view. Yet when Behrendt expressed a new optimism about the machine's role in architecture, in his book Der Sieg des neuen Baustils (1927), Mumford began to emphasize functionalist, standardized forms as the key to organic design. The Werkbund's "New Era" publicity campaign of 1928-1932 convinced Mumford that the Modern Movement combined a naturally evolving vernacular style with artistic vanguardism, both in the service of cultural evolution. On this basis he supported both functionalist housing and Philip Johnson's "International Style" aestheticism after 1930.
Who Taught the Inca Stonemasons Their Skills? A Comparison of Tiahuanaco and Inca Cut-Stone Masonry
Authors: Protzen Jean-Pierre , Nair Stella
Published: April 2006

At Tiahuanaco, on the southern rim of Lake Titicaca, Bolivia, visitors encounter enormous stone slabs and carved building blocks dressed with astonishing skill. The stones are the visible remains of a culture that flourished there about a thousand years ago. Some six hundred kilometers to the northwest, in Cuzco (Peru), one finds the different yet equally remarkable masonry of the Incas, who dominated the Andean world from the middle of the fifteenth century to the Spanish conquest in 1532. Did the Inca stonemasons learn their skills from their predecessors at Tiahuanaco? A comparative study of Inca and Tiahuanaco construction techniques reveals fundamental differences between the architecture of the two cultures. In this article, we compare masonry bonds, design details, stone-cutting techniques, and the methods of fitting, laying, and handling of stones used by both cultures. The results of this comparison suggest that the ingenuity of Inca masonry originated with the Incas, and not with their predecessors.
The Openwork Flying Buttresses of Amiens Cathedral: "Postmodern Gothic" and the Limits of Structural Rationalism
Authors: Bork Robert , Mark Robert , Murray Stephen
Published: April 2006

This study sets out to test assumptions about openwork flying buttresses of the type used in Gothic buildings from the mid-thirteenth century. The employment of such units has been associated with the "decadence" of Gothic architecture. Arguing that the deployment of the first such flyers responded to special circumstances at each of the buildings in question, the authors proceed to test the structural performance of the newfangled flyers of the Amiens choir and to correlate the findings with an archaeological investigation of the edifice itself. The openwork flyer is thus placed within a broadly conceived framework of theory and practice.
Standing on the Shoulders of Giants: Boullée's "Atlas" Facade for the Bibliothèque du Roi
Authors: Lee Paula Young
Published: April 2006

The "Atlas" facade of 1788, proposed by architect Etienne-Louis Boullée for the Bibliothèque du Roi in Paris, has long been regarded as a spectacular yet enigmatic work. This essay identifies the giant globe, supported by two muscular atlantes, flanking the library's main portal as an actual object, drawn more or less to scale, made by Vincenzo Maria Coronelli for Louis XIV in 1683. Along with a terrestrial globe of equally astonishing dimensions, the celestial globe was housed in the Bibliothèque du Roi for most of the eighteenth century. The fate of these globes was intertwined with the specific development of the Bibliothèque du Roi, as well as with the general emergence of "library," "museum," and "academy" as modern institutions of publicly held knowledge. By foregrounding the celestial globe, Boullée not only celebrated le siècle de Louis-le-Grand but also signaled the major contributions made by Babylon, Chaldea, and Egypt to Greek astronomy and to Western thought as a whole. Raphael's School of Athens, a painting to which Boullée's interior view of the Bibliothèque du Roi famously referred, had made a similar point about the potent blend of Eastern occult wisdom and European scientific methods through the memorable motif of globes. The approach here is iconographic. The symbols of the "Atlas" façade serve as a point of departure for examining the representational systems of the fine arts and the observational sciences and lead ultimately to a school of "universal" knowledge that was built into Boullée's vision of this library.
"Qui Transtulit Sustinet": William Burges, Francis Kimball, and the Architecture of Hartford's Trinity College
Authors: Armstrong Christopher Drew
Published: April 2006

William Burges's master plan for Trinity College in Hartford has long been considered more as the product of fantasy than as a serious proposal for the reconstruction of the college campus. Understanding the significance of the project within both Burges's oeuvre and the history of late-nineteenth-century architecture has been hampered further by the absence of any clear relationship between the master plan and the college as it was finally built. In this essay, the reconstruction of Trinity College is considered in the context of contemporary events in Hartford and Burges's design as the product of a crisis in architectural thought that erupted in 1872 after it was decided to rebuild the Connecticut State Capitol. Based on material conserved in the Trinity College archives, the author proposes that Burges's master plan was conceived as a response to the failure of the design competitions for the State Capitol and as a rigorous statement of the architect's vision of an architecture for the nineteenth century. The architecture of Trinity College as built further underlines the desire that the buildings embody the qualities of modernity demanded in connection with the Capitol competitions, and the often remarked similarity between Trinity's "Long Walk" and the contemporary work of H. H. Richardson testifies to the skill of college architect Francis Kimball in merging Burges's proposal with elements of a distinctly American architecture.
Neo-Gothic Architecture and Restoration of Historic Buildings in Central Europe: Friedrich Schmidt and His School
Authors: Sisa József
Published: April 2006

Friedrich Schmidt, the foremost Gothicist of Austria, exerted seminal influence in central Europe through his activities as architect, restorer of historic buildings, and professor at the Vienna Academy of Fine Arts. His unorthodox teaching methods included personal tuition near the drawing board and study trips to examine medieval buildings, attended by students of different ethnic, religious, and cultural backgrounds from all corners of the monarchy and even beyond. The students' school society, called Wiener Bauhütte, or Vienna Building Lodge, published their drawings in albums under the same name. The reception of Gothic in the countries of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy differed according to local traditions, historical associations, and political circumstances. Revived Gothic best suited church building, in which Schmidt's pupils, often relying on their teacher's models, excelled. Gothic did not fare so well in monumental public architecture, though in the Budapest Parliament House by Imre Steindl, Schmidt's school witnessed the summation of its ambitions and the transcendence of its limitations. Schmidt's orientation in his later life toward German Neo-Renaissance and Neo-Romanesque found echo in several of his pupils' work; these styles again carried national connotations, which were nowhere more apparent than in German- and Czech-inhabited Bohemia. Schmidt and his pupils virtually monopolized the restoration of historic buildings in the monarchy, though their puristic and often destructive practices gave rise to severe criticism as a new century dawned.
Nitrile hydrolysis activity of Rhodococcus erythropolis NCIMB 11540 whole cells
Authors: Vink Mandy K. S , Wijtmans Roel , Reisinger Christoph , van den Berg Rutger J. F. , Schortinghuis Christien A. , Schwab Helmut , Schoemaker Hans E. , Rutjes Floris P. J. T.
Published: April 2006

The nitrile hydrolyzing properties of the bacterium strain Rhodococcus erythropolis NCIMB 11540 have been investigated. Using whole cells of the microorganism, a wide variety of aromatic and aliphatic cyanide‐containing substrates was successfully hydrolyzed to the corresponding amide or acid. In the case of dicyanides, selective monohydrolysis took place, which was further explored in the desymmetrization of malononitriles resulting in the corresponding cyano amides in enantiomeric excesses of up to 98%.
Structure‐guided consensus approach to create a more thermostable penicillin G acylase
Authors: Polizzi Karen M. , Chaparro‐Riggers Javier F. , Vazquez‐Figueroa Eduardo , Bommarius Andreas S.
Published: April 2006

The thermostabilization of penicillin G acylase (PGA) is a difficult problem due to the large size of the protein and its complex maturation process. We developed a data‐driven protein design method that requires fewer homologous sequences than the traditional consensus approach and utilizes structural information to limit the number of variants created. Approximately 50% of our 21 single‐point mutants were found experimentally to be more thermostable than the wild‐type PGA, two had almost threefold longer half‐life at 50°C, with very little effect on activity. An analysis of four programs that predict the thermostability conferred by point mutations shows little agreement between the programs and with the experimental data, emphasizing that the chosen stabilizing mutations are very difficult to predict, but that our data‐driven design method should prove useful.
Operational concept for the improved synthesis of (R)‐3,3'‐furoin and related hydrophobic compounds with benzaldehyde lyase
Authors: Ansorge‐Schumacher Marion B. , Greiner Lasse , Schroeper Florian , Mirtschin Sebastian , Hischer Tanja
Published: April 2006

Biphasic reaction systems for enzyme catalysis are an elegant way to overcome limited solubility and stability of reactants and facilitate continuous processes. However, many synthetically useful enzymes are not stable in biphasic systems of water and organic solvent. The entrapment in polymer beads of polyvinyl alcohol has been shown to enable the stable operation of enzymes unstable in conventional biphasic reaction systems. We report the extension of this concept to continuous operation in a fluidised bed reactor. The enzyme benzaldehyde lyase was used for the continuous synthesis of enantiopure (R)‐3,3'‐furoin. The results show enhanced stability with half‐life times under operation conditions of more than 100 h, as well as superior enzyme utilisation in terms of productivity. Furthermore, racemisation and oxidation of the product could be successfully prevented under the non‐aqueous and inert reaction conditions.
Mapping Protease Substrates by Using a Biotinylated Phage Substrate Library
Authors: Scholle Michael D. , Kriplani Ushma , Pabon Amanda , Sishtla Kamakshi , Glucksman Marc J. , Kay Brian K.
Published: April 2006

We describe a bacteriophage M13 substrate library encoding the AviTag (BirA substrate) and combinatorial heptamer peptides displayed at the N terminus of the mature form of capsid protein III. Phages are biotinylated efficiently (≥50 %) when grown in E. coli cells coexpressing BirA, and such viral particles can be immobilized on a streptavidin‐coated support and released by protease cleavage within the combinatorial peptide. We have used this library to map the specificity of human Factor Xa and a neuropeptidase, neurolysin (EC3.4.24.16). Validation by analysis of isolated peptide substrates has revealed that neurolysin recognizes the motif hydrophobic‐X‐Pro‐Arg‐hydrophobic, where Arg‐hydrophobic is the scissile bond.
Ultrafast Excited‐State Excitation Dynamics in a Quasi‐Two‐Dimensional Light‐Harvesting Antenna Based on Ruthenium(II) and Palladium(II) Chromophores
Authors: Dietzek Benjamin , Kiefer Wolfgang , Blumhoff Jörg , Böttcher Lars , Rau Sven , Walther Dirk , Uhlemann Ute , Schmitt Michael , Popp Jürgen
Published: April 2006

A detailed study on the excited‐state‐excitation migration taking place within the tetranuclear complex [{(tbbpy)2Ru(tmbi)}2{Pd(allyl)}2](PF6)2 (tbbpy = 4,4′‐di‐tert‐butyl‐2,2′‐bipyridine and tmbi = 5,6,5′,6′‐tetramethyl‐2,2′‐bibenzimidazolate) is presented. The charge transfer is initiated by the photoexcitation into the lowest metal‐to‐ligand charge‐transfer (MLCT) band of one of the peripheral ruthenium(II) chromophores and terminates on the central structurally complex Pd2II(allyl)2 subunit. Thus, the system under investigation can be thought of as a functional model for the photosynthesis reaction center in plants. The kinetic steps involved in the overall process are inferred from femtosecond time‐resolved transient‐grating kinetics recorded at spectral positions within the regions of ground‐state bleach and transient absorption. The kinetics features a complex non‐exponential time behavior and can be fitted to a bi‐exponential rise (τ1≥200 fs, τ2≈1.5 ps) and a mono‐ or bi‐exponential decay, depending on the experimental situation. The data leads to the formulation of a model for the intramolecular excitation‐hopping ascribing intersystem crossing and subsequent cooling as the two fastest observed processes. Following these initial steps, charge transfer from the ruthenium to the central complex Pd2(allyl)2 moiety is observed with a characteristic time constant of 50 ps. A 220‐ps component that is observed in the ground‐state recovery only is attributed to excitation equilibration between the two identical Pd(allyl) chromophores.
Preparation of Highly Conductive, Self‐Assembled Gold/Polyaniline Nanocables and Polyaniline Nanotubes
Authors: Huang Kun , Zhang Yuanjian , Long Yunze , Yuan Junhua , Han Dongxue , Wang Zhijuan , Niu Li , Chen Zhaojia
Published: April 2006

One‐dimensional gold/polyaniline (Au/PANI‐CSA) coaxial nanocables with an average diameter of 50–60 nm and lengths of more than 1 μm were successfully synthesized by reacting aniline monomer with chlorauric acid (HAuCl4) through a self‐assembly process in the presence of D‐camphor‐10‐sulfonic acid (CSA), which acts as both a dopant and surfactant. It was found that the formation probability and the size of the Au/PANI‐CSA nanocables depends on the molar ratio of aniline to HAuCl4 and the concentration of CSA, respectively. A synergistic growth mechanism was proposed to interpret the formation of the Au/PANI‐CSA nanocables. The directly measured conductivity of a single gold/polyaniline nanocable was found to be high (≈77.2 S cm−1). Hollow PANI‐CSA nanotubes, with an average diameter of 50–60 nm, were also obtained successfully by dissolving the Au nanowire core of the Au/PANI‐CSA nanocables.
Synthesis, Structure, and Reactivity of Palladacycles That Contain a Chiral Rhenium Fragment in the Backbone: New Cyclometalation and Catalyst Design Strategies
Authors: Friedlein Florian K. , Kromm Klemenz , Hampel Frank , Gladysz J. A.
Published: April 2006

The bromocyclopentadienyl complex [(η5‐C5H4Br)Re(CO)3] is converted to racemic [(η5‐C5H4Br)Re(NO)(PPh3)(CH2PPh2)] (1 b) similarly to a published sequence for cyclopentadienyl analogues. Treatment of enantiopure (S)‐[(η5‐C5H5)Re(NO)(PPh3)(CH3)] with nBuLi and I2 gives (S)‐[(η5‐C5H4I)Re(NO)(PPh3)(CH3)] ((S)‐6 c; 84 %), which is converted (Ph3C+ PF6−, PPh2H, tBuOK) to (S)‐[(η5‐C5H4I)Re(NO)(PPh3)(CH2PPh2)] ((S)‐1 c). Reactions of 1 b and (S)‐1 c with Pd[P(tBu)3]2 yield [{(η5‐C5H4)Re(NO)(PPh3)(μ‐CH2PPh2)Pd(μ‐X)}2] (10; X = b, Br, rac/meso, 88 %; c, I, S,S, 22 %). Addition of PPh3 to 10 b gives [(η5‐C5H4)Re(NO)(PPh3)(μ‐CH2PPh2)Pd(PPh3)(Br)] (11 b; 92 %). Reaction of (S)‐[(η5‐C5H5)Re(NO)(PPh3)(CH2PPh2)] ((S)‐2) and Pd(OAc)2 (1.5 equiv; toluene, RT) affords the novel Pd3(OAc)4‐based palladacycle (S,S)‐[(η5‐C5H4)Re(NO)(PPh3)(μ‐CH2PPh2)Pd(μ‐OAc)2Pd(μ‐OAc)2Pd(μ‐PPh2CH2)(Ph3P)(ON)Re(η5‐C5H4)] ((S,S)‐13; 71–90 %). Addition of LiCl and LiBr yields (S,S)‐10 a,b (73 %), and Na(acac‐F6) gives (S)‐[(η5‐C5H4)Re(NO)(PPh3)(μ‐CH2PPh2)Pd(acac‐F6)] ((S)‐16, 72 %). Reaction of (S,S)‐10 b and pyridine affords (S)‐[(η5‐C5H4)Re(NO)(PPh3)(μ‐CH2PPh2)Pd(NC5H5)(Br)] ((S)‐17 b, 72 %); other Lewis bases yield similar adducts. Reaction of (S)‐2 and Pd(OAc)2 (0.5 equiv; benzene, 80 °C) gives the spiropalladacycle trans‐(S,S)‐[{(η5‐C5H4)Re(NO)(PPh3)(μ‐CH2PPh2)}2Pd] (39 %). The crystal structures of (S)‐6 c, 11 b, (S,S)‐ and (R,R)‐13⋅2 C7H8, (S,S)‐10 b, and (S)‐17 b aid the preceding assignments. Both 10 b (racemic or S,S) and (S)‐16 are excellent catalyst precursors for Suzuki and Heck couplings.
A Single Crystal Study of Ln14Co3In3 (Ln: Y, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er).
Authors: Zaremba Vasyl' I. , Kalychak Yaroslav M. , Dzevenko Mariya V. , Rodewald Ute Ch. , Heying Birgit , Poettgen Rainer
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Large Magnetocaloric Effects and Thermal Transport Properties of La(FeSi)13 and Their Hydrides.
Authors: Fukamichi K. , Fujita A. , Fujieda S.
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Magnetic Properties of Layered Oxysulfide (LnO)CuS: Ln: La, Pr, Nd.
Authors: Nakao H. , Takano Y. , Takase K. , Sato K. , Hara S. , Ikeda S. , Takahashi Y. , Sekizawa K.
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Magnetic Properties of Lu2Fe16X (X: Fe, Ni, Cr, Si) Intermetallics under High Hydrostatic Pressure.
Authors: Kamarad J. , Andreev A. V. , Machatova Z. , Arnold Z.
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Hydrogen Absorption Kinetics and Mechanisms of Rare Earths (La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Tb, Dy) in the H2O Surface Reaction at Room Temperature.
Authors: Uchida Hirohisa , Kato Shunsuke
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
High‐Pressure Synthesis of Novel Hydrides in Mg—Ln—H Systems (Ln: Y, La, Ce, Pr, Sm, Gd, Tb, Dy).
Authors: Kamegawa A. , Goto Y. , Kakuta H. , Takamura H. , Okada M.
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Asymmetric Conjugate Reduction of α,β‐Unsaturated Ketones and Esters with Chiral Rhodium(2,6‐bisoxazolinylphenyl) Catalysts.
Authors: Kanazawa Yoshinori , Tsuchiya Yasunori , Kobayashi Kazuki , Shiomi Takushi , Itoh Jun‐ichi , Kikuchi Makoto , Yamamoto Yoshihiko , Nishiyama Hisao
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Widely Applicable Pd‐Catalyzed trans‐Selective Monoalkylation of Unactivated 1,1‐Dichloro‐1‐alkenes and Pd‐Catalyzed Second Substitution for the Selective Synthesis of (E)‐ or (Z)‐Trisubstituted Alkenes.
Authors: Tan Ze , Negishi Ei‐ichi
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Claisen‐Type Condensation of Vinylogous Acyl Triflates.
Authors: Kamijo Shin , Dudley Gregory B.
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Facile Synthesis of 1,1‐Disubstituted Taurines.
Authors: Huang Jiaxing , Du Da‐Ming , Xu Jiaxi
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Ring Contracting Rearrangements of 3‐Amino‐4‐(arylamino)‐1H‐isochromen‐1‐ones.
Authors: Opatz Till , Ferenc Dorota
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Copper(II)‐Catalyzed Selective Oxidation of Primary Alcohols to Aldehydes with Atmospheric Oxygen.
Authors: Velusamy Subbarayan , Srinivasan Arumugam , Punniyamurthy T.
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Deoxygenation of Sulfoxide and Aza‐aromatic N‐Oxide Using a Protocol of Indium and Acyl Chloride.
Authors: Park Eun Soo , Lee Seung Hwan , Lee Ji Hee , Rhee Hak June , Yoon Cheol Min
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Solvent‐Free Alkylation of N‐Heteroaromatic Compounds by RCOOH—Pb(OAc)4 System.
Authors: Nikishin G. I. , Sokova L. L. , Makhaev V. M. , Kapustina N. I.
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Efficient Chemoselective Deprotection of Silyl Ethers Using Catalytic 1‐Chloroethyl Chloroformate in Methanol.
Authors: Yeom Chang‐Eun , Kim Young Jong , Lee So Young , Shin Yong Je , Kim B. Moon
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Air‐Assisted Addition of Grignard Reagents to Olefins. A Simple Protocol for a Three‐Component Coupling Process Yielding Alcohols.
Authors: Nobe Youhei , Arayama Kyohei , Urabe Hirokazu
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Rhodium‐Catalyzed Addition of Alkynes to Activated Ketones and Aldehydes.
Authors: Dhondi Pawan K. , Chisholm John D.
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Tris(trimethylsilyl)silyl‐Governed Aldehyde Cross‐Aldol Cascade Reaction.
Authors: Boxer Matthew B. , Yamamoto Hisashi
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Regioselective Re(I)‐Catalyzed Coupling of Terminal Alkynes, Et2NH, and CO2 Leading to anti‐Markovnikov Adducts.
Authors: Jiang Jia‐Li , Hua Ruimao
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
S‐(3‐Chloro‐2‐oxo‐propyl)‐O‐ethyl Xanthate: A Linchpin Radical Coupling Agent for the Synthesis of Heterocyclic and Polycyclic Compounds.
Authors: Bergeot Olga , Corsi Camilla , El Qacemi Myriem , Zard Samir Z.
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Rare‐Earth Silylamide Catalyzed Monocoupling Reaction of Isocyanides with Terminal Alkynes.
Authors: Komeyama Kimihiro , Sasayama Daisuke , Kawabata Tomonori , Takehira Katsuomi , Takaki Ken
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Multicomponent One‐Pot Procedure for the Synthesis of Free α‐Chiral Amines from Aldehydes.
Authors: Cote Alexandre , Charette Andre B.
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Furanoside Thioether—Phosphinite Ligands for Rh‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrosilylation of Ketones.
Authors: Dieguez Montserrat , Pamies Oscar , Claver Carmen
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A Study Toward Understanding the Role of a Phosphorus Stereogenic Center in (5S)‐1,3‐Diaza‐2‐phospha‐2‐oxo‐3‐phenylbicyclo(3.3.0)octane Derivatives as Catalysts in the Borane‐Mediated Asymmetric Reduction of Prochiral Ketones.
Authors: Basavaiah Deevi , Chandrashekar Vanampally , Das Utpal , Reddy Gone Jayapal
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
New Hydroxamic Acid Derivative Prevents Sq—OOH Induced Wrinkle
Authors: Rho Ho Sik , Baek Heung Soo , Lee Byoung‐Seok , Kim Ji Hyun , Kim Duck Hee , Chang Ih Seop
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Platinum‐Catalyzed Reaction of Alkynes with ArI (Ar: Aryl and Thienyl) and Ar′SM (M: Na, K, and Sn(Bu‐n)3): Three‐ vs. Two‐Component Cross‐Coupling Reaction.
Authors: Kuniyasu Hitoshi , Yamashita Fumikazu , Hirai Takayoshi , Ye Jia‐Hai , Fujiwara Shin‐ichi , Kambe Nobuaki
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Photoinduced Electron Transfer Reactions of Aryl Benzyl Sulfides Promoted by 2,4,6‐Triphenylpyrilium Tetrafluoroborate (TP+BF4‐).
Authors: Memarian Hamid Reza , Mohammadpoor‐Baltork Iraj , Bahrami Kiumars
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Pinacol Coupling of Carbonyl Compounds by Using Al—NaOH/MeOH under Microwave Irradiation.
Authors: Tehrani Mohsen Mazaheri , Asghari Jila
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Gold Nanoparticle Catalyzed [3 + 2]Dipolar Cycloaddition of 1,6‐Allenynebenzaldehydes: Construction of Polycyclic Ring Systems.
Authors: Gupta Arun Kumar , Rhim Chul Yun , Oh Chang Ho , Mane R. S. , Han Sung‐Hwan
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Application on Novel Fragmentation Reaction: A Concise Synthesis of 2,3,5‐Trisubstituted Furans from Butenolides.
Authors: Zhang Xuqing , Jackson Elieen U. , Schultz Arthur G.
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Electrochemical Annulation of Five‐Membered Rings Through Dearomatization of Furans and Thiophenes.
Authors: Sperry Jeffrey B. , Ghiviriga Ion , Wright Dennis L.
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of 1‐(3′,4′,5′‐Trimethoxy) Phenyl Naphtho[2,1b]furan as a Novel Anticancer Agent.
Authors: Srivastava Vandana , Negi Arvind S. , Kumar J. K. , Faridi Uzma , Sisodia Brijesh S. , Darokar M. P. , Luqman Suaib , Khanuja S. P. S.
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Biocatalytic Ammonolysis of (5S)‐4,5‐Dihydro‐1H‐pyrrole‐1,5‐dicarboxylic Acid, 1‐(1,1‐Dimethylethyl)‐5‐ethyl Ester: Preparation of an Intermediate to the Dipeptidyl Peptidase IV Inhibitor Saxagliptin.
Authors: Gill Iqbal , Patel Ramesh
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of Highly Functionalized Pyrrolidines via a Mild One‐Pot, Three‐Component 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition Process.
Authors: Garner Philip , Kaniskan H. Uemit
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
InBr3‐Catalyzed Intramolecular Cyclization of 2‐Alkynylanilines Leading to Polysubstituted Indole and Its Application to One‐Pot Synthesis of an Amino Acid Precursor.
Authors: Sakai Norio , Annaka Kimiyoshi , Konakahara Takeo
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Regioselective Synthesis of 1‐Hydroxycarbazoles via Anionic [4 + 2] Cycloaddition of Furoindolones: A Short Synthesis of Murrayafoline‐A.
Authors: Mal D. , Senapati B. , Pahari P.
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
The First Examples of Nazarov Cyclizations Leading to Annulated Pyrroles.
Authors: Song Chuanjun , Knight David W. , Whatton Maria A.
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Amidrazones as Precursors of Biologically Active Compounds — Synthesis of Diaminopyrazoles for Evaluation of Anticancer Activity.
Authors: Cocco Maria Teresa , Congiu Cenzo , Lilliu Valentina , Onnis Valentina
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Design and Synthesis of Heterocyclic Malonyl‐CoA Decarboxylase Inhibitors.
Authors: Cheng Jie‐Fei , Chen Mi , Liu Bin , Hou Zheng , Arrhenius Thomas , Nadzan Alex M.
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Cyclic Urea Derivatives as Potent NK1 Selective Antagonists. Part 2. Effects of Fluoro and Benzylic Methyl Substitutions.
Authors: Paliwal Sunil , et al. et al.
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis, Antimicrobial, and Antiinflammatory Activities of Novel 2‐[3‐(1‐Adamantyl)‐4‐substituted‐5‐thioxo‐1,2,4‐triazolin‐1‐yl]acetic Acids, 2‐[3‐(1‐Adamantyl)‐4‐substituted‐5‐thioxo‐1,2,4‐triazolin‐1‐yl] propionic Acids and Related Derivatives.
Authors: Al‐Deeb Omar A. , Al‐Omar Mohamed A. , El‐Brollosy Nasser R. , Habib Elsayed E. , Ibrahim Tarek M. , El‐Emam Ali A.
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of Some New Spiro Naphtho[2,3‐d][1,3]dithiole‐4,9‐dione Derivatives.
Authors: El‐Shafie A. K. , Soliman A. M. , Sultan A. A. , Abd‐Alla E.
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
4‐Chloro‐2,2‐disubstituted Chromen‐3‐carboxaldehyde: Synthesis of Some Fused Polycyclic Heterocycles as Antiinflammatory, Analgesic, Anticonvulsant, and Antiparkinsonian Agents.
Authors: Hegab Mohamed I. , Abdulla Mohamed M.
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Chemoselective Knoevenagel Reaction as a Novel Route for the Synthesis of Biscoumarinyl Methylsulfones (VII) and [4 + 1], [1 + 4] Approach Synthesis of Aminooxadiazolyl (X) and N‐(2,5‐Dimethyl)pyrrolylcoumarins (XII).
Authors: Alawandi Ganesh N. , Kulkarni Manohar V.
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Some Pyrazolinylpyridines and Pyrazolylpyridines.
Authors: Singh Tripti , Sharma Shalabh , Srivastava Virendra Kishore , Kumar Ashok
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis and Structure—Activity Relationships of a New Series of 2α‐Substituted trans‐4,5‐Dimethyl‐4‐(3‐hydroxyphenyl)piperidines as μ‐Selective Opioid Antagonists.
Authors: Le Bourdonnec Bertrand , Goodman Allan J. , Michaut Mathieu , Ye Hai‐Fen , Graczyk Thomas M. , Belanger Serge , DeHaven Robert N. , Dolle Roland E.
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
LHMDS‐Mediated Tandem Acylation—Cyclization of 2‐Aminobenzenecarbonitriles with 2‐Benzimidazol‐2‐yl Acetates: A Short and Efficient Route to the Synthesis of 4‐Amino‐3‐benzimidazol‐2‐ylhydroquinolin‐2‐ones.
Authors: Antonios‐McCrea William R. , Frazier Kelly A. , Jazan Elisa M. , Machajewski Timothy D. , McBride Christopher M. , Pecchi Sabina , Renhowe Paul A. , Shafer Cynthia M. , Taylor Clarke
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A Stereoselective Three‐Component Reaction: One‐Pot Synthesis of cis‐Isoquinolonic Acids Catalyzed by Silica Sulfuric Acid under Mild and Heterogeneous Conditions.
Authors: Azizian Javad , Mohammadi Ali A. , Soleimani Ebrahim , Karimi Ali R. , Mohammadizadeh Mohammad R.
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
The Synthesis of New Azoniathiahelicenes.
Authors: Sato Kiyoshi , Katayama Yuu , Yamagishi Takamichi , Arai Sadao
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Lithium Chloride as an Efficient Catalyst for Friedlander Synthesis of 1,8‐Naphthyridines via the Use of Microwave Irradiation and Pestle/Mortar.
Authors: Mogilaiah K. , Prashanthi M. , Kavitha S.
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
One‐Pot Synthesis of Some Nitrogen and Sulfur Heterocycles Using Thiosemicarbazide under Microwave Irradiation in a Solventless System.
Authors: Heravi Majid M. , Nami Navabeh , Oskooie Hossien A. , Hekmatshoar Rahim
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of 2‐Amino‐s‐triazino[1,2‐a]benzimidazoles as Potential Antifolates from 2‐Guanidino‐ and 2‐Guanidino‐5‐methylbenzimidazoles.
Authors: Dolzhenko Anton V. , Chui Wai‐Keung
Published: April 2006

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.