bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Triad interactions investigated by dual vortex shedding
Authors: Buchhave Preben , Ren Mengjia , Velte Clara
Published: May 2023

The study of the exchange of momentum and energy between wave components of the turbulent velocity field, the so-called triad interactions, offers a unique way of visualizing and describing turbulence. Most often, this study has been carried out by Direct Numerical Simulations or by power spectral measurements. Due to the complexity of the problem and the great range of velocity scales in high Reynolds number developed turbulence, direct measurements of the interaction between the individual wave components have been rare. In the present work, we therefore present measurements and related computer simulations of triad interactions between controlled wave components injected into an approximately laminar and uniform flow from an open wind tunnel by vortex shedding from two rods suspended into the flow. This well-defined vortex shedding approximates well a two-dimensional flow, which makes the analysis of the triadic interactions considerably less complex to analyze than in a fully developed spatially three-dimensional flow. With the information obtained from the simulations, we are hereby able to isolate and display the individual triad interactions taking place as the flow develops downstream as well as the strengths of these interactions. The experiments provide the time constants governing the development of higher order frequency components. The combination of these experiments and simulations provide unique insight into the inner workings of turbulence and shows how the nonlinear term in the Navier-Stokes equation on average forces the energy towards higher frequencies, which is the reason for the so-called energy cascade.
Paravertebral muscle changes in patients with single-stage L4-5 disc herniation based on Michigan State University (MSU) classification
Authors: Du Peiyu , Zhang Yongwang , Cao Xuhao , Liu Yuelin , Yan Yuntao , Liu Lu , Du Shuangqing
Published: May 2023

Objective The purpose of this study is to explore the morphological differences of Paravertebral muscle in patients with only L4-5 lumbar disc herniation (LDH) under different Michigan State University (MSU) classification, so as to better reveal the relationship between LDH and paravertebral muscle, so as to further reveal the causative causes and guide the treatment of LDH.Methods The study included 160 patients including 39 normal patients and 121 patients with single level L4-5 LDH. Patients with LDH were grouped according to MSU classification and compared to the normal group according to the demographic and Imaging change.Results In patients with L4-5 herniation in Zone B, the FI of ES muscle at L3-4 level, L4-5 level and L5-S1 level was higher than that of normal people (P = 0.018, P = 0.043, P = 0.010), and there was no difference between FI of MF and normal people. The Zone B patients also have a smaller CSA of ES muscle at L45 level than that in the normal group (P = 0.049). Patients in Zone C group were older than those in normal group (P = 0.014). While the CSA of the PM of patients with Grade 3 herniation is different from that of the normal group at the L4-5, L5-S1 level. They were higher than normal people at L4-5 level (P = 0.011) and lower at L5-S1 level (P = 0.028).Conclusion In patients with L4-5 herniation in Zone B, the FI of ES at L3-S1 level was higher than normal, and the CSA at L4-5 level was smaller than normal. In patients with Grade3 herniation, PM CSA is large at L4-5 level and small at L5-S1 level than normal people.
Analysis of the correlation between the expression of non-classical E2F transcription factor 8 (E2F8) in pan-cancer and prognosis and immune infiltration
Authors: LIAN Yong
Published: May 2023

Despite emerging cell-or animal-based evidence supporting a relationship between E2F8 and cancer, a pan-cancer analysis has not been performed. By integrating various databases containing transcriptome, prognosis, and immune-related data, such as gene expression matrices, this study utilized the ESTIMATE algorithms and R program package to comprehensively investigate the pathogenic implications of E2F8 in diverse tumors. Multiple aspects were explored, including gene expression, survival analysis, gene variation, immune infiltration, and co-expression pathway analysis. The results of the analysis demonstrated that the expression of E2F8 differed significantly in 23 types of tumors as compared to normal tissues, and was also linked to unfavorable prognosis in some cancer patients. Additionally, the E2F8 gene showed a considerable frequency of mutation, particularly at the P56L/S site. Furthermore, in several tumors, E2F8 was found to be significantly correlated with immune scores and the infiltration of immune cells in the tumor microenvironment.
Prevalence and risk factors associated with undiagnosed hypertension among adults aged 15 – 49 in India: insights from NFHS-5 national survey
Authors: Sahadevan Pravin , Sasidharan Akhil , Bagepally Bhavani Shankara , Pal Anita , Kumari Dolly , Kaur Prabhdeep , Murhekar Manoj , Kamal Vineet Kumar
Published: May 2023

Undiagnosed Hypertension, especially among adults, is a significant public health concern, considering its long-term complications. We have estimated the prevalence and factors associated with undiagnosed hypertension in India. We used data from the fifth round of the National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5, 2019-21) to estimate the prevalence of undiagnosed hypertension among individuals aged between 15 to49) years. A log-binomial model with survey-adjusted Poisson regression was used to estimate the prevalence ratio between undiagnosed and diagnosed hypertension. Multinomial logistic regression analysis examined the factors associated with diagnosed hypertension (vs healthy) and undiagnosed hypertension (vs healthy). All the analyses were survey-weight adjusted and stratified by gender. Results are reported with 95% confidence intervals. The survey-adjusted prevalence of undiagnosed hypertension was 8.75% (8.62% to 8.87%) and was higher among males [13.56% (13.03% to 14.12%)] than in females [8.14% (8.03% to 8.25%)]. The proportion of individuals with undiagnosed hypertension among total hypertension was 44.99% (44.44% to 45.55%) and is higher in males [65.94% (64.25% to 67.60%)] than in females [42.18% (41.66% to 42.71%)]. Increasing age, higher body mass index, access to health care, and having comorbidities were risk factors for undiagnosed for hypertension. One in twelve people had undiagnosed hypertension, and of those with hypertension, one in two were undiagnosed, with males being disproportionately affected. Targeted public health interventions are crucial to improve hypertension screening, particularly among middle-aged and obese individuals without comorbidities. The findings also reveal disparities in hypertension burden among population subgroups in India, underscoring the need for targeted efforts.
Cuproptosis-related Gene Slc31a1 Expression Correlates With the Prognosis and Tumor Immune Microenvironment in Glioma
Authors: Wang Jun , Li Shenglun , Guo Yuduo , Zhao Chao , Chen Yujia , Ning Weihai , Yang Jingjing , Zhang Hongwei
Published: May 2023

Background Cuproptosis is a newly discovered form of cell death. It's regulated by a string of genes. The genes are identified to influence the tumor progression, but in glioma, the cuproptosis-related genes are little studied.Method The Cancer Genome Atlas and The Genotype-Tissue Expression were used to screen for SLC31A1 gene expression in glioma and healthy tissue samples. The results were validated using the Gene Expression Omnibus and real-time quantitative PCR. The Human Protein Atlas and The National Cancer Institute's Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium were used to validate our results at the protein level. Multivariable analysis and Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used to examine the relationship between SLC31A1 gene expression, clinical parameters, and survival rates. The online Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins was used to find the genes and proteins that correlate to SLC31A1. The immune infiltration analysis was performed using the Tumor Immune Estimation Resource databases.Results The glioma patients have higher SLC31A1 expression levels, which increase as the WHO grade escalates. The survival analysis illustrates that the SLC31A1 gene expression negatively correlates with OS, PFS, and DSS. The immune infiltration analysis shows the SLC31A1 gene positively correlates with Th2 cells, Macrophages, and M2 type macrophages and negatively correlates with pDC cells, NK CD56bright cells, and CD8 T cells.Conclusion The SLC31A1 gene expression can shorten the survival time of glioma patients. It also can promote the formation of a tumor-suppressive microenvironment.
Disulfidptosis-associated Long Non-Coding RNA signature predicts the prognosis, tumor microenvironment, and immunotherapy and chemotherapy options in colon adenocarcinoma
Authors: Xue Weijie , Qiu Kang , Dong Bingzi , Guo Dong , Fu Junhua , Zhu Chengzhan , Niu Zhaojian
Published: May 2023

Background: Disulfidptosis is independent of apoptosis, ferroptosis, and cuproptosis and is associated with cancer progression, treatment response, and prognosis. However, the predictive potential of disulfidptosis-associated lncRNAs in colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) and their features in the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) require further elucidation.
Methods: RNA transcriptome, clinical information, and mutation data of COAD samples were obtained from the TCGA database. The risk model was first constructed by co-expression analysis of disulfidptosis genes and lncRNAs, and prognostic lncRNAs were screened using Cox regression, followed by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator analysis. Enrichment analyses were performed to explore the underlying biological functions and signaling of model-associated differentially expressed genes (MADEGs). Moreover, TIME of MADEGs was analyzed to assess the immunotherapy. Finally, the expression levels of the lncRNAs were verified by taking specimens of patients with COAD from the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University.
Results: We constructed a prognosis-related risk model based on four disulfidptosis-associated lncRNAs (ZEB1-AS1, SNHG16, SATB2-AS1, and ALMS1-IT1). By analyzing the survival of patients in the whole, training, and test groups, we found that patients with COAD in the low-risk group had better overall survival than those in the high-risk group. Validation of the model via Cox analysis and clinical indicators demonstrated that the model had a decent potential for predicting the prognosis of patients with COAD. Enrichment analyses revealed that the MADEGs were related to disulfidptosis-associated biological functions and cancer pathways. Furthermore, patients with COAD in the high-risk group had more positive responses to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) than those in the low-risk group, as confirmed by TIME analysis. ZEB1-AS1, SNHG16, and ALMS1-IT1 were expressed at higher levels in tumor samples than those in the corresponding paracancerous samples (p < 0.05), whereas SATB2-AS1 was upregulated in the paracancerous samples (p < 0.05).
Conclusions: This signature may guide prognosis, molecular mechanisms, and treatment strategies, including ICIs and chemotherapy, in patients with COAD.
BAM15, a mitochondrial uncoupler regulates mitochondrial function by FUNDC1 dependently in hyperglycemia
Authors: Rethineswaran Vinothkumar , Jang Woong Bi , Choi Jaewoo , Lim Hye Ji , Park Sangmi , Lee Eun Ji , Ha Jong Seong , Yun Jisoo , Kwon Sang-Mo
Published: May 2023

Mitochondria are intracellular organelles that regulate cell survival and death, and hyperglycemia modulates mitochondrial function in endothelial cells. In the current study, we have discovered that high glucose (HG) treatment reduces FUNDC1 (FUN14 domain containing 1) expression in endothelial cells. FUNDC1 expression in mitochondria inhibits proteasomal degradation of COX-IV, and regulates mitochondrial complexes I and IV activity and ATP synthesis. FUNDC1 depletion in HG affects mitochondrial complexes I and IV activity and ATP synthesis and promotes mitochondrial damage through loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species) production. BAM15, a mitochondrial uncoupler, improves mitochondrial function and endothelial survival more effectively. Co-treatment of HG with BAM15 increased FUNDC1 protein expression, mitochondrial translocation of FUNDC1 in HG-treated cells. BAM15-induced up regulation of FUNDC1 expressions improve mitochondrial expression of COX-IV, and complex I and IV activity and ATP synthesis. Our findings propose that FUNDC1 expression in endothelial cells under hyperglycemic stress play a significant role in limiting vascular damage and apoptotic cell death.
The A allele of TERT rs13167280 improves HCC progression and prognosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B
Authors: Zhang Xin , Wang Yikai , Wu Fengping , Liu Chenrui , Hao Miao , LYU Shasha , Zhang Miaomiao , Dang Shuangsuo
Published: May 2023

Purpos
To study the effect of telomere reverse transcriptase (TERT) gene polymorphism on the progression of HCC.
Methods
Using several databases to analyze the correlation between TERT and clinicopathology in HCC patients, and to evaluate its prognostic significance and its correlation with immune infiltration. A cohort of 141 patients with HCC, 153 patients with cirrhosis, and 180 healthy controls was included. Gene polymorphism detection and correlation analysis were performed for TERT rs13167280.
Results
The expression of TERT was elevated in HCC, positively correlated with tumor-infiltrating immune cells, and indicated a poor prognosis. There was no difference in smoking, drinking, and heart disease history among the three groups. The biochemical indexes of the liver cirrhosis group and HCC group were significantly different from those of the control group. The proportions of the history of diabetes and hypertension in the HCC group were higher than those in the cirrhosis group. In addition, the HCC group had higher age, lower PT, and higher rGT, PTA, and AFP compared with the cirrhosis group (P < 0.001). The three groups of genotype distributions conformed to the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Individuals with the GA+AA genotype had a 4.797-fold increased risk of HCC compared with GG or GA. The risk of HCC in cirrhotic patients with A allele and AA genotype was 0.601 and 0.567, respectively.
Conclusion
TERT suggests a poor prognosis for HCC, and the A allele of TERT rs13167280 can improve the progression of HCC in patients with chronic HBV infection.
“ChatGPT, can you help me save my child’s life?” - Diagnostic Accuracy and Supportive Capabilities to lay rescuers by ChatGPT in prehospital Basic Life Support and Paediatric Advanced Life Support cases – an in-silico analysis
Authors: Bushuven Stefan , Bentele Michael , Bentele Stefanie , Gerber Bianka , Bansbach Joachim , Ganter Julian , Trifunovic-Koenig Milena , Ranisch Robert
Published: May 2023

Background: Paediatric emergencies are challenging for healthcare workers, first aiders, and parents waiting for emergency medical services to arrive. With the expected rise of virtual assistants, people will likely seek help from such digital AI tools, especially in regions lacking emergency medical services. Large Language Models like ChatGPT proved effective in providing health-related information and are competent in medical exams but are questioned regarding patient safety. Currently, there is no information on ChatGPT’s performance in supporting parents in paediatric emergencies requiring help from emergency medical services. This study aimed to test 20 paediatric and two basic life support case vignettes for ChatGPT and GPT-4 performance and safety in children.
Methods: We provided the cases three times each to two models, ChatGPT and GPT-4, and assessed the diagnostic accuracy, emergency call advice, and the validity of advice given to parents.
Results: Both models recognized the emergency in the cases, except for septic shock and pulmonary embolism, and identified the correct diagnosis in 94%. However, ChatGPT/GPT-4reliably advised to call emergency services only in 12 of 22 cases (54%), gave correct first aid instructions in 9 cases (45%) and incorrectly advised advanced life support techniques to parents in 3 of 22 cases (13.6%).
Conclusion: Considering these results of the recent ChatGPT versions, the validity, reliability and thus safety of ChatGPT/GPT-4 as an emergency support tool is questionable. However, whether humans would perform better in the same situation is uncertain. Moreover, other studies have shown that human emergency call operators are also inaccurate, partly with worse performance than ChatGPT/GPT-4in our study.
However, one of the main limitations of the study is that we used prototypical cases, and the management may differ from urban to rural areas and between different countries, indicating the need for further evaluation of the context sensitivity and adaptability of the model. Nevertheless, ChatGPT and the new versions under development may be promising tools for assisting lay first responders, operators, and professionals in diagnosing a paediatric emergency.
Trial registration: not applicable
Succinic Acid functionalized, Silk Fibroin and Hydroxyapatite Based Scaffolds for Craniofacial Deformity Repair
Authors: Arshad Aysha , Khalid Hamad , Hameed Fareeha , Zeeshan Rabia , Mutahir Zeeshan , Akhtar Hafsah , Alhamoudi Fahad Hussain , Chaudhary Aqif Anwar , Khan Ather
Published: May 2023

Intricate craniofacial deformities require artificial bone grafts or scaffolds combined with adequate properties for functional restoration. To address such defects, we fabricated freeze dried silk fibroin (SF) based composite. The hydroxyapatite (HAp) was used as an additive for tunable microstructure and succinic acid (SA) was used as a novel crosslinker to modulate biodegradation rate. Mechanical properties, microstructure/porosity, degradation, swelling, and biocompatibility were examined in this study. The presence of hydroxyapatite and silk fibroin lead to increased swelling potential. The porosity of composite scaffolds was calculated 50% to 66% which considered relevant for cell adhesion and proliferation properties of composites. The in vitro cell viability assay concluded no cytotoxic effects. The viability results illustrated that the presence of both HA and silk govern higher percentage viability. The presence of ZnO was observed as a potent instigator of osteoblast proliferation and mineralization, hence promoting bone healing processes. The live dead assay also supported the findings that the composite scaffolds serve as matrices that promote osteogenic differentiation potential and support cell growth. Conclusively, the fabricated novel composite scaffolds possess all the potential characteristics that could be used promisingly for repair and regeneration of craniofacial deformities.
Integrating Radiosensitivity Gene Signature Improves Prostate Cancer Outcome Prediction
Authors: Wu Qi-Qiao , Zheng Ting-Ting , Jiang Tao , Chen Bin , Wang Xin-Yue , Yin Zhao-Sheng
Published: May 2023

Background This study aimed to establish a nomogram that combine 31-gene signature (31-GS), radiosensitivity index (RSI) and radiation resistance related gene index (RRRI) for predicting recurrence and in prostate cancer (PCa) patients.Methods The transcriptome data of PCa were obtained from GEO and TCGA to validate the predictive potential of three sets of published biomarkers, the 31-GS, RSI and RRRI. To adjust these markers for the characteristics of prostate cancer, we integrated four new PCa-associated radiosensitivity predictive indexes based on 31-GS, RSI and RRRI by the Cox analysis and Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression analysis. A time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, decision curve analyses (DCA), integrated discrimination improvement (IDI), and net reclassification improvement (NRI) were used to compare the radiosensitivity predictive ability of these four gene signatures. a nomogram was built to improve the recurrence prediction capability.Results We validated and compared the predictive potential of two published predictive indexes. Based on the 31-GS, RSI and RRRI, we integrated four PCa-associated radiosensitivity predictive indexes: 14Genes, RSI, RRRI, 20Genes. Among them, a 14-gene radiosensitivity predictive index showed the most promising predictive performance and discriminative capacity. The area under receiver operating characteristic curve for 14-gene is the highest in both TCGA and GSE cohort.Conclusions This study successfully established a Radiosensitivity related nomogram which had an excellent performance in predicting recurrence in patients with PCa. For patient who received radiation therapy, 20Genes and RRRI model can be used in predicting RFS while 20Genes is more radiotherapy-specific but needs further external validation.
Formal Verification of Cloud Scaling Policies: A Comparative Study using Markov Decision Process and Discrete-Time Markov Chain
Authors: Jawaddi Siti Nuraishah Agos , Hatta Muhammad Nur Haziq Mohammad , Kamarulzaman Anis Faqihah , Ismail Azlan
Published: May 2023

Cloud scaling plays a critical role in fulfilling the resource requirements of web-based enterprises. Nevertheless, current autoscaler implementations primarily operate reactively, triggering scaling actions based on predetermined thresholds. This approach often leads to erroneous decisions during peak hours, resulting in resource waste, energy consumption, performance degradation, and QoS violations. To overcome these challenges, we propose a formal verification approach utilizing probabilistic model checking, specifically Markov Decision Process (MDP) and discrete-time Markov Chain (DTMC), for analyzing the cloud scaling process. In this investigation, we compare the insights obtained from evaluating MDP and DTMC models for cloud scaling based on four key metrics: latency violation, CPU utilization, response time, and RAM capacity. To quantify probabilities and verify cloud scaling objectives, we employ Probabilistic Computation Tree Logic (PCTL). Experimental evaluations were conducted to assess the performance of the formalized cloud scaling process. The results demonstrate that the non-deterministic scaling behaviors in MDP models effectively reduce extreme-provisioning events compared to DTMC, which lacks the non-determinism aspect. Moreover, the non-deterministic characteristic enables MDP models to exhibit varying levels of accuracy when tested with different sample sizes. In contrast, DTMC, which relies solely on probability-based state transitions, maintains its accuracy in capturing the scaling behavior regardless of sample sizes. Our contributions encompass a formalization approach for the cloud scaling process, considering both deterministic and non-deterministic scaling actions. We present experimental results comparing MDP-based and DTMC-based cloud scaling processes, along with model accuracy results based on CPU utilization, response time, and RAM capacity. By addressing gaps in the existing literature, our study offers valuable perspectives and insights into the analysis of the cloud scaling process.
Manually-established abnormal karyotype dataset based on normal chromosomes effectively train artificial intelligence model for better cytogenetic abnormalities prediction
Authors: Deng Jinhai , Peng Weixiong , Lu Qinyang , Wang Zheng , Fu Qiang , Zhou Xingang , Cai Yufeng , Mu Yang , Pan Teng , Liu Zaoqu , Cai Zixing , Yin Mingzhu , Liu Lijue , Lai Yueyun
Published: May 2023

With the advent of the utilization of machine learning techniques in the diagnosis of hematological diseases, endless potential can be foreseen, including digital images analysis. The application of machine-learning tool in cytogenetics contributes to the lightening of manpower burden, the improvement of recognition efficiency and the enrichment of cytogenetic maps, which paves the way for the development of digital pathology. Chromosome banding analysis is an essential technique for chromosome karyotyping, which comprises of one of important tools for the diagnostics in hematological malignancies. Its important role has been emphasized in clinic for dozens of years till now. The recognition of abnormal karyotypes is indispensable for disease classification and even diagnosis. However, a lack of abnormal karyotype images as reference dataset restricts its utilization in clinic, especially for uncommon hematological diseases. Here, to our best knowledge, we, for the first time, successfully generated abnormal karyotype images of t(9;22)(q34;q11)manually from normal karyotype images using machine learning, providing a proof-of-concept for establishing abnormal karyotypes of hematological malignancies as clinical reference. Moreover, to verify the reliability of generated abnormal dataset, artificial intelligence (AI)-recognizing models were further established based on ‘manually-built’ karyogram dataset and real karyotype dataset, respectively. The results showed that there was no difference between ‘manually-built’ karyotype dataset derived AI model (model-M) and real karyotype dataset derived AI model (model-R) regarding the recognition of t(9;22)(q34;q11) abnormality, with model-M (AUC=0.984, 95%CI 0.98-0.988) versus model-R (AUC=0.988, 95%CI 0.984-0.993) (p>0.05), which pointed out that our generated abnormal karyotype images were comparable to real images to assist the establishment of AI-recognising models. Collectively, our work demonstrates the potential application of machine learning in generating unlimited dataset from limited sources, helping to overcome the big challenge of AI in healthcare.
The impact of treated eave ribbons in reducing malaria transmission; A mathematical modelling perspective
Authors: Nambunga Ismail H. , Shirima Gloria G. , Mbarawa Asiya , Ferguson Heather M. , Okumu Fredros O. , Viana Mafalda , Kiware Samson S.
Published: May 2023

BackgroundDespite significant progress against malaria, the use of two core interventions, namely insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) and indoor residual spraying (IRS), are becoming increasingly vulnerable due to insecticide resistance and outdoor biting by mosquitoes. One representative example is Kilombero Valley in Tanzania where transmission continues despite over 80% of the population using ITNs. Further progress in this and similar African settings will require identifying which supplementary tools combine most effectively with ITNs to reduce mosquito exposure.MethodsUsing the Kilombero Valley as a case study, the Vector Control Optimization Model (VCOM) was adapted and extended to simulate the impact of adding eave ribbons treated with spatial repellent (ER) as supplementary intervention in an area of high ITN coverage. Simulation was conducted to assess the impact of varying coverage of this supplementary intervention on the entomological inoculation rates (EIR) generated by two common vectors in Kilombero,Anopheles arabiensisandAnopheles funestus. Finally, the impact of introducing this intervention on the combined EIR fromAn. arabiensisandAn. funestuswas assessed to identify scenarios in which values fell below 1; the likely threshold required for malaria interruption.ResultsER was predicted to substantially reduce the EIR in Kilombero valley when combined with 80% ITN coverage. However, the nature of the impact varied notably between vector species. ER was predicted to have a much larger effect on transmission mediated byAn. funestusthanAn. arabiensis. Additionally, in the situation where EIR from bothAn. arabiensisandAn. funestuswas combined, substantial coverage of this supplementary intervention was predicted to lower EIR to below one.ConclusionDespite the significant impact of ER in combination with ITNs on one of the two vectors (An. funestusorAn. arabiensis), this intervention is insufficient when combined with ITNs to reduce the EIR to below one in settings like Kilombero Valley where both species contribute to malaria transmission.
Screening, identification and pigment characteristics of actinomycin D-producing actinomycetes from Purple soil in Sichuan Basin
Authors: Wan Xin , Liu Rui , Jiang Peng , Li LiHuan , Chen JingPing , Wei Hongfu , Liu Mingxue
Published: May 2023

Background
Natural pigments from microbial sources is a type of compounds with various structures and a wide range of uses, which is already an important source of antibiotic production.
Results
In this research, a yellow pigment-producing actinomycete was screened from purple soil in Sichuan Basin, PRC. According to the morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics and 16s rDNA molecular sequence, the strain LS-2 was identified as Streptomyces parvulusand named as LS-2. The pigment was purified by column chromatography and showed excellent antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (G-) and Staphylococcus aureus (G+). Through the analysis of UV-vis absorption spectrum, infrared absorption spectrum (IR) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) , the yellow pigment was identified as actinomycin D. To increase the fermentation yield of actinomycin D, the factors affecting the fermentation system were optimized, such as basic culture medium, culture temperature, culture pH, and inoculation amount. It was found that 14% inoculum was the optimal fermentation culture system in Gause’s synthetic medium of pH=6.5 at 34 ℃.
Conclusions
In this research, a yellow pigment-producing strain was screened from purple soil in Sichuan Basin, PRC. Based on the results of molecular sequencing and physiological characteristics analysis, strain LS-2 was identified as Streptomyces parvulus, which is likely to be a new strain that has not been published. The fermentation production was purified by column chromatography, and the yield of pigment was about 540 mg/L. The results of spectral analysis showed that the yellow pigment produced by the strain was actinomycin D, and itshowed excellent and extensive antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (G+) and Escherichia coli(G-).
Coating of SnO2 -NiO nanoparticles with ultrathin graphite nanosheets as a high-performance anode material for lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Ye Wenbin , Lei Jinxuan , Jiang Chaokui , Feng Zuyong , Xiong Deping , He Miao
Published: May 2023

The lithium-ion battery anodes have always sought out the best possible properties with regards to large capacity, high rate, as well as long-term cycling stability. For this work, a straightforward hydrothermal and high-speed ball mill procedure was employed to create the SnO2-NiO-C anode material. Ion cycling and embedding are ideal for NiO nanoparticles with a unique hexagonal crystal structure, which can stabilize the structure and prevent SnO2 from becoming coarser. The graphite encapsulated in the outer layer can effectively prevent volume expansion during the cycle as well. According to the findings, the SnO2-NiO-C composite exhibits a significant reversible capacity of 1224.3 mAh g− 1 after 300 cycles at 0.2 A g− 1 and from the fourth cycle onwards, the Cullen efficiency remains above 97%. And it also possesses a long-term cycling stability of 820.1 mAh g− 1 after 1000 cycles at 1.0 A g− 1. Also, a significant rate property can reach 507.1 mAh g− 1 at 5.0 A g− 1. Therefore, the SnO2-NiO-C anode material for Li-ion batteries is promising on account of its excellent electrochemical performance.
Factors pertaining to road traffic injuries; a systematic scoping review and meta-analysis
Authors: Mohammadi Esmaeil , Rashidi Mohammad-Mahdi , Koolaji Sogol , Azadnajafabad Sina , Rezaei Negar , Abbasi-Kangevari Mohsen , Ghamari Hadi , Shabanan Sedigheh Hosseini , Rezaei Nazila , Djalalinia Shirin , Farzadfar Farshad
Published: May 2023

Background
Many factors have been associated with road traffic injuries (RTI) while no study has cumulatively gathered and pooled them.
Methods
A comprehensive search was carried out in PubMed, World of Sciences, and Scopus based on predefined keywords. Two independent reviewers performed screening the search findings and data extraction procedure. Risk of bias was checked based on the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale. Odds ratios (OR) were extracted and pooled by meta-analysis to reach the overall effect.
Results
In all, 34 studies were included that summed 277,943 individuals, reporting at least one factor pertaining to RTI. The factors related to an increased rate of RTIs (OR 1.49, 95% confidence interval 1.35–1.64). Based on the included publications, factors could be grouped as alcohol consumption (1.74, 1.32–2.30), experienced driving and self-confidence (106, 0.94–1.20), seatbelt fastening incompliance (1.45, 1.39–1.51), driving in poor roads and rural areas (1.31, 1.03–1.42), lower education level (1.30, 1.17–1.44), lower income (1.23, 1.13–1.33), malfunctioned vehicle (1.77, 1.52–2.05), and driving with psychological tensions (1.20, 1.11–1.30).
Conclusion
Almost all the discovered factors in this study were among the modifiable factors that highlight the need for preventive and debarment measures.
Psychometric Assessment of an Adapted Social Provisions Survey in a Sample of Adults with Prediabetes
Authors: Wilson Kathryn E. , Michaud Tzeyu L. , Sweet Cynthia Castro , Katula Jeffrey A. , Almeida Fabio A. , Brito Fabiana A. , Schwab Robert , Estabrooks Paul A.
Published: May 2023

Background: The relevance of social support for weight management is not well documented in people with prediabetes. An important consideration is the adequate assessment of social provisions related to weight management in this population.
Purpose: To assess the factor structure and measurement invariance of an adapted Social Provisions Scale specific to weight management (SPS-WM).
Methods: Participants of a diabetes prevention trial (n=599) completed a demographic survey, and the SPS-WM. Confirmatory analyses tested the factor structure of the SPS-WM, and measurement invariance was assessed for gender, weight status, education level, and age.
Results: Removal of two collinear items resulted in acceptable model fit, supporting six correlated factors for social provisions specific to weight management. Measurement invariance was supported across all subgroups.
Conclusion: Results support score interpretations for these scales reflecting distinct components of social support specific to weight management in alignment with those of the original survey.
Black Soldier Fly Frass Supports Plant Growth and Reduces Nitrogen Leaching during Coleus Production
Authors: Beasley Jeffrey , Kuehny Jeff , Gentimis Thanos , Fields Jeb
Published: May 2023

Industrial insect rearing is expected to increase as a feedstock to meet growing global food demand. This will lead to greater production of insect excreta known as frass, a nutrient-dense organic material that has shown promise as a natural fertilizer source with potential environmental benefits. In this study, black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) frass (BSFF) was compared with a synthetic fertilizer (SF) during production of containerized ornamentals grown under greenhouse conditions. Fertilizers were incorporated into a bark-based substrate at 0, 0.1, 0.2, or 0.3 kg⋅m–3 nitrogen (N) planted with coleus (Plectranthus scutellarioides) plugs. Growth index, shoot dry weight, and leaf quality were assessed for a period of 6 weeks. In addition, coleus fertilized at 0.3 kg⋅m–3 N and a control had leachate collected and analyzed weekly for volume, pH, electrical conductivity, and nutrient losses. Black soldier fly frass was found to produce marketable coleus plants at 0.3 kg⋅m–3 N and reduce cumulative N leaching by 87% compared with coleus fertilized with SF at the same rate. Therefore, BSFF can be a suitable fertilizer source for coleus production without compromising growth and leaf quality while potentially decreasing nutrient leaching losses.
Replica approach to the generalized Rosenzweig-Porter model
Authors: Venturelli Davide , Cugliandolo Leticia F. , Schehr Grégory , Tarzia Marco
Published: May 2023

The generalized Rosenzweig-Porter model with real (GOE) off-diagonal entries arguably constitutes the simplest random matrix ensemble displaying a phase with fractal eigenstates, which we characterize here by using replica methods. We first derive analytical expressions for the average spectral density in the limit in which the size NN of the matrix is large but finite. We then focus on the number of eigenvalues in a finite interval and compute its cumulant generating function as well as the level compressibility, i.e., the ratio of the first two cumulants: these are useful tools to describe the local level statistics. In particular, the level compressibility is shown to be described by a universal scaling function, which we compute explicitly, when the system is probed over scales of the order of the Thouless energy. Interestingly, the same scaling function is found to describe the level compressibility of the complex (GUE) Rosenzweig-Porter model in this regime. We confirm our results with numerical tests.
TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF APPLICATION OF ALOE VERA GEL ON PRESSURE ULCERS AMONG PATIENTS ADMITTED IN SELECTED HOSPITALS
Authors: Diwakar Kamble Aditya
Published: May 2023

A Quasi experimental study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of application of aloe vera gel on pressure ulcers among patients admitted in selected hospitals. Research approach was, quantitative evaluative approach. The research design selected for this study was Quasi Experimental , Two group Pre-test Post- test design. Setting of the study was selected hospitals. Sample size was 40. The samples were 20 in control and 20 in experimental group with pressure ulcer and who are admitted in the selected hospital and purposive sampling technique was adopted to select the samples. Interventions done in control group was regular measures for healing of pressure ulcer and in experimental group Aloe Vera Gel was applied. Tools used in this study were Socio Demographic profile and Modified Pressure Ulcer Scale for Healing(PUSH).The results were in control group the pre-test mean score was 10.350 and post-test mean score was 10.100 . And pre-test value of standard deviation was 1.137 and post-test value was 0.8990. In experimental group the pre-test mean score was 10.950 and post-test mean score was 8.883. And pre-test value of standard deviation was 1.191 and post-test value was 1.078.The test statistics value of the paired t test was 8.479 with p value 0.0001. The study concluded that there was significant difference in effect of aloe vera gel application on pressure ulcers among patients in experimental group, admitted in selected hospitals.
STATUS OF HIGH VERTEBRATE FAUNA AND THEIR HABITATS IN POTENTIAL LIMESTONE MINING AREAS OFALECH HILLS OFGUJARAT, INDIA
Authors:   Zoology Department, Bahaudding Government Science College Junagadh, Gujarat, India., Dave Chittaranjan
Published: May 2023

Unsustainable mining is one of the key development threats to the biodiversity. Alech hill in west-central Saurashtra region has substantial limestone deposits with long history of limestone and sandstone extraction. The Barda Wildlife Sanctuary adjacent to this area has been frontrunners for second home of Asiatic lions. A rapid field study was carried out in excavated mine sites (core area)and adjacent area up to 10 km as buffer. Flora,fauna and habitat characteristics were sampled on circular plots and belt transects (n=145). Total 85, 12, 42 and 14 species of plants, reptiles, birds and mammals were recorded. Invasive exotic weeds such as Prosopis juliflora and Lantana camara are most common shrub plant species across the area and seems to have replaced native floral assemblage. Mostfaunal species found were hardy and common while important native wildlife species such as wolf and blackbuck have become rare. It seems thatNilgai and Wild pig are slowly replacing native sympatric species. Environment friendly mining followed by ecological restoration as well as judicious use of geological resources may provide the solution to arrest degradation of the precious natural resources in potential mining areas.
VALIDATION OF STABILITY INDICATING RP-HPLC METHOD FOR THE SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION CONTENT AND IMPURITIES OF NURTEC ODT(RIMEGEPANT SULFATE ORALLY DISINTEGRATING TABLETS) IN BULK AND PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORM
Authors:   Analytical Research & Development, Changzhou Pharmaceutical Factory, Changzhou - 213018, China., Santosh Kumar P. , a Wuchen ,   Analytical Research & Development, Changzhou Pharmaceutical Factory, Changzhou - 213018, China., b Daiqin ,   Analytical Research & Development, Changzhou Pharmaceutical Factory, Changzhou - 213018, China., Jian Huang ,   Formulation Research & Development, Changzhou Pharmaceutical Factory, Changzhou - 213018, China.
Published: May 2023

A simple, accurate, precise, and rapid stability indicating reverse phase A performance liquid chromatography method was used for the estimation of rimegepant sulfate orally disintegrating tablets in bulk and oral dosage form. The proposed analytical method has been validated for content and impurities of specificity, linearity, accuracy, precision, and robustness. The chromatography was achieved in an Agilent Eclipse XDB-C18 (length 150 x diameter 4.6 mm, particle size 5Âµm) column with gradient flow. The optimal chromatographic condition consisted of mobile phase with a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min, a column temperature of 30 Â°C, a run time of 25 minutes, and a detector wavelength of 265 nm.
ROLE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN PROSTHODONTICS
Authors:   Reader, Department of Prosthodontics and Crown & Bridge, Yenepoya Dental College., Shetty Naresh , Kumar Shetty Sanath ,   Professor and Head, Department of Prosthodontics and Crown & Bridge, Yenepoya Dental College., Mohamed Huzaifa A.H Syed ,   Postgraduate, Department of Prosthodontics and Crown & Bridge, Yenepoya Dental College., Harmain Zahra ,   Postgraduate, Department of Prosthodontics and Crown & Bridge, Yenepoya Dental College., Shenoy K. Sathvi ,   Postgraduate, Department of Prosthodontics and Crown & Bridge, Yenepoya Dental College.
Published: May 2023

The data-driven disruptive technology of the current era is artificial intelligence (AI). From space science to dentistry, AI is revolutionising every industry. Biomedical has a number of benefits over traditional diagnosis, treatment planning, patient documentation, and management. For the convenience of both doctors and patients, AI is being implemented in every sector. In the current work, an evaluation of AIs application in prosthodontics was conducted. Prosthetic dentistry, also known as prosthodontics, is one of the dental specialties that focuses on replacing and restoring lost teeth using implants, fixed and removable prosthetics, or other biocompatible replacements. Additionally, it aids in restoring the mouths healthy soft and hard tissues, which enhances the overall health status of the oral cavity.
Local government competitiveness analysis using the perspective of organizational excellence: Evidence from Indonesia
Authors: Rosy Rochmatullah Mahameru , Nur Probohudono Agung , Rahmawati Rahmawati , Wijayanti Daniar Paramita Ratna , Badriyah Nurul
Published: May 2023

Local government competitiveness is an intriguing contemporary issue that has not been discussed extensively in prior studies on the evolution of the structure and scope of government. This study aims to explore how local government management processes can enhance regional competitiveness for the benefit of citizens. Using an analytical hierarchy of paired comparisons and indicator aggregation, this study analyzes several components of the local government managerial process by quantifying the degree of importance of each component. Data were collected from 38 regions in Indonesia and 34 government experts. The results of the analysis show that there are three components of the local government managerial process that contribute significantly to regional competitiveness: the quality of customer/citizen management with an eigenvector value of 0.187, strategic planning with an eigenvector value of 0.169, and the effectiveness of the integrity system with an eigenvector value of 0.136. Other results show that the resultant eigenvector values for other components are less than 0.100 or 10%, so these components are not classified as strong. Furthermore, the p-value of the intercoder reliability test using the t-test was greater than the significance level of 0.05, implying that there was no difference between the test results of the first and second expert groups. This study concludes that customer/citizen satisfaction with government products and services, the effectiveness of strategic planning that focuses on socio-economic development, and legal and ethical compliance of organizational actors are the primary determinants of enhancing regional competitiveness.
The role of polymorphic markers of the WWP2 and GDF5 gene in the progression of gonarthrosis in the population of the Central Chernozem region of Russia
Authors: Novakov V. B. , Novakova O. N. , Churnosov M. I.
Published: May 2023

Introduction. Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most common diseases of the musculoskeletal system, in the development and progression of which hereditary (genetic) factors play an important role. Aim. To establish the  role of  polymorphisms of  candidate genes rs1060105  and rs56116847  SBNO1, rs6499244  NFAT5, rs34195470 WWP2, rs143384 GDF5 in the progression of knee OA in the population of the Central Chernozem region of Russia. Materials and methods. The sample for the study, including 500 patients with knee OA, was divided into two groups: group 1 – patients with stages 3–4 of the disease according to J. Kellgren – J. Lawrence (n = 325), group 2 – patients with stage 2 (n = 175). The study was carried out in a case-control design. Genotyping of DNA samples was performed using the polymerase chain reaction method of TaqMan probes. The study of associations of polymorphic genetic loci with the progression of gonarthrosis was carried out by the method of logistic regression, taking into account the corrections – age, sex, BMI.Results. The G/G genotype rs34195470 of the WWP2 gene (OR = 0.62, p = 0.029) has a protective role in the progression of the knee OA, the A/G genotype of the same polymorphism is a risk factor for disease progression (OR = 1.65, p = 0.012). Within the framework of the dominant genetic model, significant associations with the progression of gonarthrosis were established for the allele A rs34195470 of the WWP2 gene (OR = 1.61, p = 0.039, pperm = 0.049) and the allele variant G rs143384 of the GDF 5 gene (OR = 0.59, p = 0.024, pperm = 0.024).Conclusion. Genetic risk factors for the development of OA of the knee joint of 3–4 radiographic stages are the allele A and the  hepotype A/G rs34195470  of the  WWP2  gene. The genotype G/G rs34195470  of the  WWP2  gene and the  allele G rs143384 of the GDF5 gene are of protective importance in the progression of the disease in the population of the Central Chernozem Region of the Russian Federation.