bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
New Locality Record of the Italian Wall Lizard, Podarcis siculus (Rafinesque-Schmaltz, 1810) (Squamata: Lacertidae) from the Western Black Sea Region of Türkiye
Authors: BÜLBÜL Ufuk , SARIKURT Sema , ZAMAN Engin
Published: March 2024

The present study provides a new locality record (Hıdırlık Street in Safranbolu district of Karabük province) of Podarcis siculus from the western Black Sea region of Türkiye. Our findings show that the distribution of this species in Türkiye may cover more areas than known. It is possible that the species, which has not been reported to be distributed anywhere between Bolu and Samsun provinces so far, is also likely to be found in the areas between Karabük and Samsun provinces. Pholidolial and morphometric characteristics of the Safranbolu specimens were compared to those of the specimens reported in the literature from other parts of Türkiye. It was concluded that the samples from the Hıdırlık population were similar to the P. siculus samples reported in the literature.
Newtonyen Olmayan Ölçülebilir Kümeler Üzerine Bir Not
Authors: OĞUR Oğuz , GÜNEŞ Zekiye
Published: March 2024

Bu çalışmada, ilk olarak sayılabilir çoklukta ν-ölçülebilir kümenin kesişiminin ve bazı koşullar altında birleşiminin de ν-ölçülebilir olduğu gösterildi. Bunun yanında Newtonyen olmayan ■(ν@)G_δ ve ■(ν@)F_σ küme tanımları verilerek, ilgili teoremler elde edildi. Ayrıca Newtonyen olmayan anlamda Cantor mükemmel küme tanımlandı ve ölçü teorisinde önemli örneklerden olan sayılamaz fakat ölçüsü sıfır olan Cantor kümesi Newtonyen olmayan anlamda genelleştirildi.
Şebinkarahisar’da Yetiştirilen Karadut Odun Çeliklerinin Köklenmesi Üzerine Farklı Oksin Çeşitlerinin Etkisi
Authors: CÜCE Mustafa
Published: March 2024

Bu çalışmada Şebinkarahisar’da yetiştirilen karadut (Morus nigra L.) odun çeliklerinin köklenmesi üzerine üç farklı oksin çeşidinin etkileri araştırılmıştır. Her bir çeliğe ayrı ayrı 0, 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000 ve 5000 mg L-1 indol-3-bütirik asit (IBA), indol-3-asetik asit (IAA) ve α-naftalen asetik asit (NAA) uygulamaları yapılmıştır. Genel olarak IBA uygulamaları diğer oksin uygulamalarına göre daha yüksek köklenme yüzdelerine ulaşmıştır. En yüksek köklenme %40,30 ile 4000 mg L-1 IBA uygulamasında tespit edilmiştir. Çelik başına kök sayısı açısından en yüksek performansı 3,5 adet ile 3000 ve 5000 mg L-1 IAA uygulamaları ile 2000 ve 4000 mg L-1 NAA uygulamaları göstermiştir. Ortalama kök uzunluğu bakımından çelik başına 29,9 cm ile 5000 mg L-1 IBA en yüksek değere ulaşmıştır. Çelik başına ortalama en yüksek ikincil kök sayısına 3000 ve 5000 mg L-1 IAA uygulamaları ulaşırken (13,0 adet), 3000 mg L-1 IBA uygulaması 6,98 mm ile en yüksek ortalama kök kalınlığına sahiptir. Elde edilen tüm bu veriler, IBA uygulamalarının Şebinkarahisar’da yetiştirilen karadut odun çeliklerinin köklenmesi üzerine genel olarak daha fazla olumlu etki yaptığını göstermiştir.
Change of Dielectric Constant of Highly Doped-Silica Glass Used in Optical Fibers with Frequency and Temperature Under the Effect of Polarization
Authors: GÜNDAY Abdurrahman
Published: March 2024

In this study, the variation of the dielectric constant, i.e. relative permittivity of highly doped-silica glass used in optical fibers with frequency and temperature under the effect of polarization has been investigated. In this context, simulations of the relationship between the dielectric constant and both frequency and temperature have been carried out in the Matlab environment. According to simulation and theoretical analysis, it has been concluded that the dielectric constant of highly doped-silica glass tends to increase with the increase of ambient temperature. On the other hand, as the frequency of the source increases linearly, the dielectric constant decreases. Hence, the variations of highly doped-silica glass with temperature and frequency have been found to be 2.884 × 10-5 (°K)-1 and – 7.50 × 10-15 (Hz)-1, respectively. Moreover, in response to the change in frequency between 1011 Hz and 1012 Hz, the dielectric constant has taken values between 2.085 and 2.070. Additionally, for dielectric constant variations in 2.070 – 2.085 range, values of the relative change in polarization have been obtained in the range of 9.4695 × 10-12 F/m – 9.6023 × 10-12 F/m.
Ақын Б. Халиолла лирикасының тақырыптық-идеялық және поэтикалық негіздері
Authors: Акбулатов А.А. , Утемисова Э.К.
Published: March 2024

Мақалада ақын Бауыржан Халиолланың жазба поэзиясының тақырыптық-идеялық ізденістері мен поэтикалық қуаты, суреттеу шеберлігі, жеке дара қолтаңбасы талдау нысанына алынған. Ақынның шығармашылық ғұмырнамасына тоқталып, ұлттық, азаматтық көзқарастарын білдірудегі бейнелеу құралдары, лирикалық қаһарманның ішкі жандүниесі қарастырылған. Тәуелсіздік жылдарынан кейінгі қоғамның дертті мәселелері, ар мен адамгершілік, жалпыадамзаттық құндылық атаулыға қатысты ақынның өзіндік көзқарастары тұжырымдалған. Ақынның әдебиеттегі алғашқы қадамынан бастап, бүгін жеткен биігіндегі ақындық кеңістігіне шолу жасалған. Б. Халиолла өлеңдеріндегі эпитет, метафора, теңеу, инверсия, контрастты құбылыстарды салыстыру, кейіптеу, т.б. көріктеуші құралдар мен риторикалық қайталаулар мен айшықтау тәрізді тәсілдердің қолданыс ерекшелігі, үндесімі, өмір мен өлім туралы фәлсафалық ойлары сараланады. Табиғат пен адамның ішкі сезімін шендестіре суреттеудегі ақынның өзіндік өрнектері мәтіндік талдаулар арқылы жеткізілген.
An analysis of figurative language in the interpretation of contemporary English poetry
Authors: Aubakir S.S. , Kitibaeva А.K. , Оspanova Zh.Т.
Published: March 2024

This article examines the various facets of figurative language. This study considers figurative language from a traditional perspective as an embellishment of language and compares it with contemporary theory in literature especially in poetry. The main material for the analysis of figurative language in poetry is poetic texts of contemporary American poets like William Carlos Williams, Robert Frost, and Charles Bernstein. We selected 15 poems that contain a lot of figurative expressions and analyzed them namely “The Red Wheelbarrow”, “This Is Just to Say”, “To a Poor Old Woman”, “The Road Not Taken”, “Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening”, “Fire and Ice”, “Mending Wall”, etc. The authors conducted about evaluation of the use of metaphors, hyperboles, idioms, and similes. The most used figurative language in all the analyzed poems is metaphor. It occurred in all 15 poems. Figurative language adds an element of beauty and artistry to poetry. Metaphors, similes, and other figurative expressions infuse the language with color, imagery, and creative aesthetics that captivate the reader's senses.
On the reception and transformation of Russian literature in Azerbaijan in the post-Soviet period
Authors: Jafarov T.G. , Оspanova Zh.Т. , Khamidova A.Kh.
Published: March 2024

In the article some issues of Russian literature reception and transformation in post-Soviet Azerbaijan are covered. The publication was prepared on the basis of observations made by the author while working on the second part of the “History of Russian Literature”, in his scientific and pedagogical activities, as well as the report at “The Golden Age of Russian Literature: the experience of reading” the educational-cultural forum, held in the capital of the Republic of Serbia – Belgrade on 28-29 June 2022. It is dedicated to the problems of reception and transformation of Russian classical literature in Azerbaijan in the post-Soviet period. The problem is considered in two aspects: 1) principles and difficulties of selecting samples of Russian classical literature for inclusion in curricula, textbooks and manuals for schools and universities of the republic, as well as for their translation and publication in Azerbaijan language; 2) reasons of increasing interest to study of Russian literature, necessity of deep studies of creativity of its individual representatives in Azerbaijan in postSoviet time.
Стратегии на «понижение» и «повышение» в текстах экологического дискурса
Authors: Никифорова Э.Ш. , Куренко К.Н.
Published: March 2024

В статье приведена трактовка понятий коммуникативные стратегии на «повышение» и «понижение». Рассмотрены виды корпусов, их применение в лингвистической сфере научного знания, различия между корпусами трех языков (английского, казахского и русского). Описано применение корпусной лингвистики, в целях анализа языковых особенностей и коммуникативных стратегий в процессе создания речевых сообщений. Цель статьи — проанализировать коммуникативные стратегии экологического дискурса. За основу исследования взяты тексты на трех языках, представленные в корпусах английского языка iWeb, Национального корпуса русского языка и Алматинского корпуса казахского языка. После отбора фрагментов речи произведен их последующий дискурсивный и стилистический анализ, с целью выявления примеров доминирующих стратегий и лингво-стилистических средств их выражения, а также представлена интерпретация представленных фактов. В статье сделан акцент на стратегии «повышения» и «понижения», которые, в свою очередь, позволили отобрать коммуникативные тактики следующего типа: тактика анализ–плюс, популяризации действий, направленных на бережное отношение к природе и окружающей среде; тактика большинства; тактика рациональной аргументации в пользу защиты окружающей среды; тактика анализ–минус; тактика обвинения; тактика безличного обвинения; тактика обличения и тактика угрозы. Авторами статьи приведены примеры использования коммуникативных средств подобного рода с выделением процентного соотношения наиболее используемых стратегий в каждом из языков
Қазақ және қытай тілдеріндегі жұмбақтардың этнолингвистикалық сипаты
Authors: Кортабаева Г.К. , Мұратбекова Ж.Е.
Published: March 2024

Жұмбақ — халық өмірінің бай тәжірибесін, дүниеге эстетикалық және этикалық көзқарасын білдіретін көне жанр. Халықтың болмысымен ежелден біте қайнасып, ұрпақтан-ұрпаққа жалғасып келе жатқан жұмбақ жанрының табиғатын сипаттау үшін ұлттық дүниетанымды терең түсінуіміз керек. Жұмбақты шешу барысында кездесетін түрлі ақпарат арқасында адам өзінің білімін, ойлау процесін жетілдіреді. Мақаланың басты мақсаты — қазақ және қытай тілдеріндегі жалқы есімдіжұмбақтарды этнолингвистикалық тұрғыдан сипаттау. Зерттеу әдісі ретінде қазақ және қытай тілдеріндегі дереккөздер мен материалдарды саралау, жіктеу және жүйелеу әдістері қолданылды. Зерттеу жұмысының нәтижесі көрсеткендей, қазақ және қытай жұмбақтарының кұрамындағы жалқы есімді талдау проблемасы жалқы есімнің ерекшелігін түсінумен, ұлттық менталитетпен, мәдениетаралық коммуникациямен анықталған біліммен, фольклорлық ерекшеліктерді белгілеументығыз байланысты. Жалқы есімдер әр халықта өзіндік ерекшеліктерге ие. Жалқы есімдер мақал-мәтел мен фразеологизмдердегі сияқты жұмбақтарда да кездеседі. Олар тек өзінің жалқылық мағынасында ғана емес, толып жатқан ауыспалы, туынды және символикалық мағыналарда да көрініс табады.
What Determines the Interest in Investing to Gold Savings at Pegadaian Syariah?
Authors: Masyithah Nur , Nurdin Ridwan , Umuri Khairil , Halim Hendra
Published: March 2024

Sharia pawnshops are a financial institution that plays an important role in society. One of the products offered is gold investment. This study examines the effect of knowledge and promotions mediated by motivation on interest in investing in gold in sharia pawnshops. The object of the study was carried out in Banda Aceh City with 100 respondents spread across 9 districts. Determination of respondents using purposive sampling technique and analyzed by path analysis model. The results found that there was a positive effect of knowledge and promotion on the motivation to invest in gold. Promotion and investment also have a positive effect on interest in investing in gold. Meanwhile, knowledge does not have a positive effect on interest in gold investment. Other results found that motivation is not able to mediate knowledge of interest in investing in gold. However, knowledge can be mediated by the motivation to invest gold in sharia pawnshops. So, sharia pawnshops must increase promotion and outreach to the community so that the gold investment products offered are increasingly in demand.
A Review of Customer Benefits and Satisfaction in Amanah Product of Pegadaian Syariah Makassar
Authors: Mustamin Siti Walida , Jasri Jasri , Indahsari Widya Nur
Published: March 2024

This study aims to evaluate the benefits and satisfaction provided by Amanah Products at Pawnshop Syariah Makassar Branch. This article uses a qualitative research approach with a focus on descriptive analysis. The results of this study reveal that the Amanah Product at Pawnshop Syariah offers easy, structured, and inclusive requirements and procedures, facilitating various groups of individuals such as civil servants, employees, and micro entrepreneurs to obtain vehicle financing without difficulty. The transparent application process also assists customers in fulfilling their vehicle needs. The quality of service presented has met customer expectations. The professionalism shown by the employees of Pawnshop Syariah Makassar Central Branch also gives a positive impression to consumers. Overall, both aspects of the process, transparency, service, and professionalism at the Makassar Central Branch Sharia Pawnshop have met the standards of Islamic law.
Consumer Behavior of Panic Buying Towards the Spread of the Sars-Cov-2 Virus in Ambon City
Authors: Hamizar Arizal
Published: March 2024

This study aims to determine how the risk perception factor and the risk attitude factor change the Intentional Behavior and Actual Behavior of consumers so that they do panic buying during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia, especially in Maluku. The approach used is qualitative research with the type of case study. Data was collected by interview and observation, with data analysis techniques of data reduction, data display, and verification. S-O-R and TPB are used to see consumer panic buying behavior during a pandemic. The results of the study show that there are stimuli that influence behavior, including: Stimulus of familiarity, controllability, and information/risk exposure. These stimuli form Risk Perception and then become Risk Attitude.
تفكيك الشريعة في ضوء عبد الله أحمد النعيم
Authors: Wahyuddin Wahyuddin
Published: March 2024

مستخلص البحث يرى  أحمد النعيم أن الشريعة ليست جميع الإسلام ذاتها، بل هي مجرد نتيجة لتفسيرات النصوص المفهومة في سياقات تاريخية معينة في العصر الماضي، لذلك هو يرفض مفهوم الشريعة الذي فهمه العلماء في العصور الوسطى ، كما يرفض المحاولات الحديثة لإصلاح هيكل العصور الوسطى لأنها ظلت مرتكزة على  الافتراضات الإبستمولوجية  في تلك العصور. يهدف هذا البحث إلى  تحليل أراء عبد الله النعيم التفكيكية للشريعة مع الارتكاز على نظرية التطور والقضايا التي جدده من خلال هذه النظرية. نوع هذا البحث بحث مكتبي،  ومدخله  مدخل كيفي،  وأما مصدر البيانات لهذا البحث هو الكتاب الذي كتبه أحمد النعيم  وجميع الكتب والمجلات والبحوث العلمية المتعلقة بهذا البحث.  وأسلوب جمع البيانات هي دراسة الوثائق، في تحليل البيانات استخدم الباحث طريقة تحليل البيانات بنظرية ميليس وحبورمان. ونتيجة هذا البحث هي: المراد بالتفكيك هي  نظرية التطور  التي ترتبط ارتباطًا وثيقًا بنظرية الناسخ والمنسوخ. تعتبر نظرية التطور تفكيك الشريعة، لأنها تختلف اختلافا عن نظرية النسخ والمنسوخ التي اتفق عليها علماء القرآن.  حيث ترى نظرية التطور التي يحملها عبد الله النعيم أنه يمكن  للآيات المكية  نسخ الآيات المدنية. تبنى النعيم هذه النظرية على  أساس أن رسالة مكة هي الرسالة الأبدية والأساسية التي تهتم بالمساواة بين جميع البشر. ولأن رسالة مكة التي لم يطبقها  الناس في القرن السابع لم تكن صالحة. وفكرة النعيم مفهوم شامل يشتمل على المجال السياسي والاجتماعي والقانون الجنائي والقانون الدولي وحقوق الإنسان.
A hydraulic drive with self-oscillating operation for reciprocating downhole pump
Authors: Burian Yu. A. , Kvasov I. N. , Sorokin V. N. , Aleksandrov M. A.
Published: March 2024

Rod pumps (pumping units) are widely used for pumping products from production wells. Their simplicity and low cost are undoubted advantages. However, when operating in inclined wells, these pumps are susceptible to accidents caused by friction forces between the rod string and oil well tubing in the contact zone, particularly when the well axis is bent. The rod and rope drive for the plunger pump is suitable for use in wells with a slight inclination of up to 15°, but it is not suitable for use in deviated wells. The article aims to evaluate the feasibility of discontinuing the use of the rod drive in deep well plunger pumps and to suggest an alternative solution. One of the options considered is a self-oscillating hydraulic drive with a spool switch located inside the piston of the drive hydraulic cylinder. This drive provides the large rod displacement necessary to operate a plunger well pump. To supply the working fluid to the distributor, a hollow rod is used. The rod is pressurized with a pressure higher than the downhole pressure from the pump located on the surface near the wellhead through the oil well tubing. A piston switch with an original design is proposed, which provides a self-oscillating mode of the drive and allows for changing the oscillation period. The methods for changing the oscillation period are briefly discussed. A mathematical model of the hydraulic drive is compiled, and the dynamic and power characteristics are determined. The design is developed, and a mockup of the drive and a bench for testing are created. The test results confirm the theoretical characteristics and reliability of the drive. The use of a self-oscillating hydraulic drive for plunger well pumps enables their application in wells of any curvature.
Impact assessment of the fuel and energy complex on the ecological state of the Gulf of Ob waters
Authors: Mamaeva N. L. , Petrov S. A.
Published: March 2024

Ensuring environmental safety in the Arctic, where most large hydrocarbon deposits are concentrated, is one of the main problems of the 21st century. At the same time, the Gulf of Ob is a strategically important area where grandiose energy resource and transport projects are being implemented. An important indicator of environmental safety is the research of atmospheric impurities on the surface of the large bay of the Kara Sea, which has not been sufficiently studied to date. The purpose of the research is to assess the impact of the activities of the fuel and energy complex on the ecological state of the waters of the Gulf of Ob for 2016-2020 using geographic information systems. The Earth program was used in the research; statistical processing of the results was carried out using IBM SPSS Statistics 21 software. It has been established that in the winter period of the year, in contrast to the summer, on the surface of the water area of the Gulf of Ob there is a significant increase in the concentration of gaseous impurities and a decrease in suspended particles, especially over the water area of the Gulf of Ob at the northern latitude of 68.80º an area of intensive gas production. Moreover, in the summer, the content of suspended particles (PM1, PM2.5, PM10), as well as the CO concentration at this latitude were higher compared to the more northern latitude. Thus, the intensive development of the fuel and energy complex in this region is associated with an environmental component (carbon footprint) on the surface of the Gulf of Ob, which requires a more in-depth research within the carbon polygon.
Factors аffecting mineralization of groundwater in deep oil and gas bearing horizons in the western part of the West Siberian megabasin
Authors: Abdrashitova R. N. , Berdova D. V. , Poluyanov M. G. , Zavatsky M. D. , Tyulkov M. A.
Published: March 2024

The purpose of this study was to identify the causes of the observed hydrogeochemical situation and the factors contributing to its formation within the Middle Jurassic hydrogeological complex in the western part of the West Siberian megabasin, using the Talinskoye oil field as an example. The research primarily involved constructing dependencies between mineralization (y) and various factors including porosity, reservoir pressure, modern and paleotemperature of the foundation, and depth of the foundation (x). The study evaluated the degree of connection between each parameter and mineralisation. The results showed that the initial hydrochemical state in the area is heterogeneous, with significant variations in mineralisation levels within a single reservoir. The closest dependencies have been revealed between mineralization and porosity of reservoir rocks (an inverse dependence), mineralization and reservoir pressure (a direct dependence). The practical significance of the study is justified by the need to understand the nature of the formation of the hydrogeochemical environment in order to preserve it, control changes, as well as solve issues related to the forecasting, preservation, and destruction of oil deposits.
Justification of the approach to searching for and exploring productive objects: a case study of the Krasnoleninsk and Angaro-Lena oil and gas regions
Authors: Bembel S. R. , Rogozhneva V. O. , Utkin N. V.
Published: March 2024

The article provides a rationale for the approach to the search and exploration of local productive zones based on the analysis of geographically distant objects of different geological structures: the Tyumen and Chora formations. The need for a joint study of the problem of localizing oil and gas deposits has been identified by comparing the patterns of location of local productive objects in remote territories that differ in their geological structure. The relevance of the study is determined by the significant degree of depletion of reserves of hydrocarbon deposits, characterized by the simplest development conditions and the need to find an approach to the study of deposits, within which the establishment and description of the patterns of deposit structure cause difficulties. The primary information for the study was drilling data, geophysical well survey results, description of core material, petrophysical survey data, information on testing and well performance dynamics, 2D seismic interpretation materials, as well as published articles. Methods of analysis and comparison were adopted as a basis in order to highlight common features of the distribution of hydrocarbon deposits in the studied areas. In the course of the study, the prerequisites were formed for the development of a comprehensive methodology for studying the structure of hydrocarbon deposits of Tyumen and Chora formations from the perspective of an approach to the exploration of complex objects, implying a joint study of the possibilities of processes described separately by both organic and inorganic hypotheses of oil and gas generation. The need to introduce an approach to geological modeling that takes into account the fractal structure of geological systems is formulated.
The impact of rock filtration heterogeneity on fresh groundwater reserve prediction calculations in the Nefteyuganskoye field
Authors: Kozyrev V. I. , Vasiliev Yu. V.
Published: March 2024

In hydrogeology, filtration heterogeneity of rocks usually means heterogeneity of waterconductivity of an aquifer. Methods for determining water conductivity are primarily designed forhomogeneous aquifers. However, natural hydrogeological objects are often heterogeneous, whichcan complicate the interpretation of experimental data from hydrodynamic studies and lead toerrors in calculating groundwater reserves. The article shows the impact of rock filtration hetero-geneity on reserve calculation forecasts. The studies, including hydrodynamic testing (clusterpumping), were carried out at the Nefteyuganskoye field, which is one of the major fresh ground-water deposits of the Latitudinal Ob region. The experimental data from four experiments wereinterpreted using the Theis model. The parameters of the aquifer are determined: coefficient ofwater conductivity and pressure conductivity factor. The article presents predictive calculations forthe reduction of water levels in the center of a large well. The forecast was conducted for threeoptions, taking into account the filtration heterogeneity of the aquifer in the field. Consequently,the impact of filtration heterogeneity on the forecast calculations was determined. The calculationerror in estimating groundwater reserves at the Nefteyuganskoye field could be as high as 51 %.The article suggests conducting long-term hydrodynamic studies in subsurface areas with filtrationheterogeneity to obtain reliable field parameters. This will cover the disturbance of an aquifer with alarger size than the filtration heterogeneity of rocks.
Step-rate-test as one of the strategies for managing formation water injection. Design and monitoring
Authors: Alekberov R. R. , Volf A. A.
Published: March 2024

The construction of a produced water management (PWM) system relies on a Step-rate-test strategy that integrates a novel technology for treating the bottomhole formation zone and adjacent fractures resulting from prior hydraulic fracturing. Step-rate-test technology is considered more environmentally friendly than hydraulic fracturing for several reasons. It doesn't require crosslinkers or proppants, and there is no discharge of liquids or other reagents onto the terrain or into water basins. This article discusses technical approaches to solving field service problems in injection wells. One of the strategies for managing produced water injection is Step-rate-test, which is considered the best choice in these operations. This strategy can also be used to solve the problem of disposing of excess fluid or waste after hydraulic fracturing. Advances in modelling, operation, monitoring, and evaluation provide the basis for minimising costs and preserving the environment. The connection between the object of work and the engineering works is established through quality targets and pumping requirements. Field example, such as Tevlinsko-Russkinskoye and Yuzhno-Yagunskoye, and results of data mining of them, demonstrate the significant impact of data differences on site selection. Field data indicates that injectivity decreases in matrix injection structures despite the injection of prepared fluid. It is acceptable to inject the fluid without prior preparation, provided that there is no well pad pump station, pipe end phase divider or similar equipment. The majority of rock structures become fractured during fluid injection, which affects the selection of technical equipment for the process. This article evaluates the propagation of fractures during the injection of prepared and unprepared fluids and their impact on well performance.
A statistical analysis and decision-making to enhance the effectiveness of measures for water influx in production wells under conditions of uncertainty
Authors: Efendiyev G. M. , Moldabayeva G. Zh. , Bastrikov S. N. , Kirisenko O. G. , Syzdykov A. Kh. , Tuzelbayeva Sh. R. , Baluanov B. A.
Published: March 2024

This article focuses on modelling and statistically analysing models that express the relationship between efficiency indicators and multiple geological and technological factors. Efficiency indicators include parameters such as the duration of the effect, the volume of additionally extracted oil, the volume of restricted water, and the well's profit considering polymer costs. The article presents multiple equations derived from data processing and analysis. It demonstrates techniques for evaluating the contributions of each factor in determining the values of the output variables. The adequacy and reliability of the models are evaluated using appropriate criteria.
Influence of socioeconomic status on clinical outcomes of diffuse midline glioma and diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma
Authors: Lee John H. , Holste Katherine G. , Bah Momodou G , Franson Andrea T. , Garton Hugh J. L. , Maher Cormac O. , Muraszko Karin M.
Published: March 2024

OBJECTIVE

Given the lack of a definitive treatment and the poor prognosis of patients with diffuse midline glioma (DMG) and diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG), socioeconomic status (SES) may affect treatment access and therefore survival. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the relationship between SES and treatment modalities, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) in children with DMG/DIPG.

METHODS

A retrospective, single-institution review was conducted of medical records of patients ≤ 18 years of age who had DMG or DIPG that was diagnosed between 2000 and 2022. Patient demographics, surgical interventions, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, clinical trial enrollment, and medical care–related travel were extracted. SES variables (education and mean income) for associated patient census tracts were collected and stratified. Statistical analysis using unpaired t-tests, chi-square analysis, and log-rank tests was conducted.

RESULTS

Of the 96 patients who met the inclusion criteria, the majority were female (59%) and non-Hispanic White (57%). The median PFS, median OS, and time from diagnosis to treatment did not differ between races/ethnicities or sex. Ninety-one of 96 patients had census tract data available. Patients from higher-income census tracts (> 50% of families with annual household income greater than $50,000) had a longer median OS (480 vs 235 days, p < 0.001) and traveled significantly longer distances for medical care (1550 vs 1114 miles, p = 0.048) than families from lower-income census tracts. Patients from the highest education quartile traveled significantly farther for treatment than the lowest education quartile (mean 2964 vs 478 miles, p = 0.047). Patients who received both oral and intravenous chemotherapy were more likely to be from higher-income census tracts than those who received intravenous or no chemotherapy. Duration of PFS, rates of clinical trial enrollment, biopsy rates, H3K27 mutation status, ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement rates, and radiotherapy rates were not associated with SES variables.

CONCLUSIONS

Patients from families from higher-income census tracts experienced longer OS and traveled farther for treatment. Patients from families from higher-education-level census tracts traveled more often for treatment. The authors’ findings suggest that SES influences DMG and DIPG OS. More studies should be done to understand the role of SES in the outcomes of children with DMG/DIPG.
Natural history of craniovertebral abnormalities in a single-center study in 54 patients with Hurler syndrome
Authors: Huang Shiwei , Nascene David R. , Shanley Ryan , Pena-Pino Isabela , Lund Troy C. , Gupta Ashish O. , Orchard Paul J. , Sandoval-Garcia Carolina
Published: March 2024

OBJECTIVE

Craniovertebral junction (CVJ) abnormalities are common and well documented in mucopolysaccharidosis type I–Hurler syndrome (MPS IH), often causing severe spinal canal narrowing. However, the requirement for surgical decompression and/or fusion is uncommon. Although hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) has been shown to prolong the lives of patients with MPS IH, its effect in halting or reversing musculoskeletal abnormalities is less clear. Unfortunately, there are currently no universal guidelines for imaging or indication for surgical interventions in these patients. The goal of this study was to track the progression of the CVJ anatomy in patients with MPS IH following HCT, and to examine radiographic features in patients who needed surgical intervention.

METHODS

Patients with MPS IH treated at the University of Minnesota with allogeneic HCT between 2008 and 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients who underwent CVJ surgery were identified with chart review. All MPS IH cervical scans were examined, and the odontoid retroflexion angle, clivoaxial angle (CXA), canal width, and Grabb-Oakes distance (pB-C2) were measured yearly for up to 7 years after HCT. Longitudinal models based on the measurements were made. An intraclass correlation coefficient was used to measure interrater reliability. Nine children without MPS IH were examined for control CVJ measurements.

RESULTS

A total of 253 cervical spine MRI scans were reviewed in 54 patients with MPS IH. Only 4 (7.4%) patients in the study cohort required surgery. Three of them had posterior fossa and C1 decompression, and 1 had a C1–2 fusion. There was no statistically significant difference in the spinal parameters that were examined between surgery and nonsurgery groups. Among the measurements, canal width and CXA varied drastically in patients with different neck positions. Odontoid retroflexion angle and CXA tended to decrease with age. Canal width and pB-C2 tended to increase with age.

CONCLUSIONS

Based on the data, the authors observed an increase in canal width and pB-C2, whereas the CXA and odontoid retroflexion angle became more acute as the patients aged after HCT. The longitudinal models derived from these data mirrored the development in children without MPS IH. Spinal measurements obtained on MR images alone are not sufficient in identifying patients who require surgical intervention. Symptom monitoring and clinical examination, as well as pathological spinal cord changes on MRI, are more crucial in assessing the need for surgery than is obtaining serial imaging.
Pediatric brain tumors in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Nyalundja Arsene Daniel , Kanmounye Ulrick Sidney , Karekezi Claire , Laeke Tsegazeab , Thango Nqobile , Balogun James A.
Published: March 2024

OBJECTIVE

Brain tumors are a global problem, leading to higher cancer-related morbidity and mortality rates in children. Despite the progressive though slow advances in neuro-oncology care, research, and diagnostics in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), the epidemiological landscape of pediatric brain tumors (PBTs) remains underestimated. This study aimed to systematically analyze the distribution of PBT types in SSA.

METHODS

Ovid Medline, Global Index Medicus, African Journals Online, Google Scholar, and faculty of medicine libraries were searched for literature on PBTs in SSA published before October 29, 2022. A proportional meta-analysis was performed.

RESULTS

Forty-nine studies, involving 2360 children, met the inclusion criteria for review; only 20 (40.82%) were included in the quantitative analysis. South Africa and Nigeria were the countries with the most abundant data. Glioma not otherwise specified (NOS) was the common PBT in the 4 SSA regions combined. However, medulloblastoma was more commonly reported in Southern SSA (p = 0.01) than in other regions. The prevalence and the overall pooled proportion of the 3 common PBTs was estimated at 46.27% and 0.41 (95% CI 0.32–0.50, 95% prediction interval [PI] 0.11–0.79), 25.34% and 0.18 (95% CI 0.14–0.21, 95% PI 0.06–0.40), and 12.67% and 0.12 (95% CI 0.09–0.15, 95% PI 0.04–0.29) for glioma NOS, medulloblastoma, and craniopharyngioma, respectively. Sample size moderated the estimated proportion of glioma NOS (p = 0.02). The highest proportion of craniopharyngiomas was in Western SSA, and medulloblastoma and glioma NOS in Central SSA.

CONCLUSIONS

These findings provide insight into the trends of PBT types and the proportion of the top 3 most common tumors across SSA. Although statistical conclusions are difficult due to the inconsistency in the data, the study identifies critical areas for policy development and collaborations that can facilitate improved outcomes in PBTs in SSA. More accurate epidemiological studies of these tumors are needed to better understand the burden of the disease and the geographic variation in their distribution, and to raise awareness in their subsequent management.
The identification of risk factors and outcomes of cerebrospinal fluid shunt infections caused by carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacteria in children: a retrospective cohort
Authors: Guner Ozenen Gizem , Sahbudak Bal Zumrut , Bolat Elif , Umit Zuhal , Bilen Nimet M. , Yildirim Arslan Sema , Turhan Tuncer , Cilli Feriha , Kurugol Zafer
Published: March 2024

OBJECTIVE

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shunt infections caused by gram-negative bacteria are difficult to treat given the limited treatment options and the emergence of carbapenem-resistant (CR) strains. This study aimed to evaluate the demographic and clinical characteristics of children with CSF shunt and external ventricular drain (EVD) infections caused by gram-negative bacteria, to identify the risk factors for acquiring CR CSF shunt infections, and to report on the clinical outcomes of these infections.

METHODS

A retrospective cohort study was designed to evaluate pediatric patients with CSF shunt and EVD infections caused by gram-negative bacteria between January 2013 and February 2023.

RESULTS

A total of 64 episodes in 50 patients were evaluated. There were 45 (70.3%) CSF shunt infections and 19 (29.7%) EVD infections. The median (range) ages were 1.4 years (9 months–17.5 years) for CSF shunt infection patients and 4.2 years (1 month–17 years) for EVD infection patients. The most common isolated gram-negative bacteria species in CSF shunt infections were Pseudomonas spp. (12, 26.7%), followed by Escherichia coli (11, 24.4%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (9, 20%), and Enterobacter cloacae (5, 11.1%). In EVD infections, the most common isolated gram-negative bacteria species were Acinetobacter spp. (6, 31.6%), followed by Pseudomonas spp. (4, 21.1%) and E. coli (3, 15.8%). The carbapenem resistance rate was 26.3% (n = 5) in EVD infections and 26.2% (n = 11) in CSF shunt infections. When risk factors for carbapenem resistance were evaluated for CSF shunt infections, prior carbapenem treatment and a prolonged hospital stay > 7 days were risk factors for the CR group (p = 0.032 and p = 0.042, respectively). In definitive treatment, colistin was statistically more commonly used in the CR group (p = 0.049). When outcomes were evaluated, the 30-day mortality rate (18.2% vs 0%) was higher in the CR group, without a significant difference (p = 0.064).

CONCLUSIONS

A prolonged hospital stay > 7 days and prior carbapenem exposure within 30 days were associated with CR shunt infections caused by gram-negative bacteria.
Neurocognitive outcomes and associated clinical factors 5 years after surgery in children with craniosynostosis
Authors: Kim Joo Whan , Kim Kyung Hyun , Phi Ji Hoon , Lee Ji Yeoun , Koh Eun Jung , Kim Byung Jun , Chung Jee Hyeok , Shin Min-Sup , Kim Seung-Ki
Published: March 2024

OBJECTIVE

Craniosynostosis involves early closure of one or more sutures, which is known to limit normal cranium growth and interfere with normal brain development. Various surgical methods are used, ranging from minimally invasive strip craniectomy to more extensive whole-vault cranioplasty. This study aimed to evaluate neurocognitive outcomes 5 years after surgical treatment in children with craniosynostosis and to evaluate relevant clinical factors.

METHODS

After exclusion of genetically confirmed syndromic craniosynostosis patients, a retrospective review was conducted on 112 nonsyndromic craniosynostosis patients who underwent surgical treatment and follow-up neurocognitive assessment. Ninety-seven patients underwent strip craniectomy with postoperative orthotic helmet therapy, and 15 received other surgical treatment: 4 with distraction osteotomy and 11 with craniofacial reconstruction. Neurocognitive assessment using the Korean Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence, Fourth Edition (K-WPPSI-IV), was performed 5 years postoperatively. Clinical factors were assessed regarding neurocognitive outcomes.

RESULTS

The mean age at surgery was significantly younger in the strip craniectomy group (strip craniectomy 4.6 months vs other surgical treatment 18.6 months, p < 0.01). Patients with 2 or more sutures involved were more likely to receive more extensive surgical treatment (16.5% in the strip craniectomy group vs 53.8% in the other group, p < 0.01). Four (3.5%) patients who showed evidence of increased intracranial pressure (ICP) also underwent more extensive surgical treatment. Multivariable linear regression revealed a significant correlation of age at neurocognitive testing (−3.18, 95% CI −5.95 to −0.40, p = 0.02), increased ICP (−34.73, 95% CI −51.04 to −18.41, p < 0.01), and the level of maternal education (6.11, 95% CI 1.01–11.20, p = 0.02) with the Full-Scale Intelligence Quotient (FSIQ). Age at surgery, involvement of 2 or more sutures, and type of operation demonstrated no correlation with FSIQ. Among the 97 patients who underwent strip craniectomy, the FSIQ ranged from mean ± SD 100.2 ± 10.2 (bicoronal) to 110.1 ± 12.7 (lambdoid), and there was no significant difference between the suture groups (p = 0.41). The 5 index scores were all within average ranges based on their age norms.

CONCLUSIONS

Age at neurocognitive assessment, increased ICP, and maternal education level showed significant correlations with the neurocognitive function of craniosynostosis patients. Although children with craniosynostosis exhibited favorable 5-year postoperative neurocognitive outcomes across various synostosis sutures, longer follow-up is needed to reveal the incidence of neurocognitive dysfunction in these patients.
A NEW SERIES OF 1,3,4-THIADIAZOLE SUBSTITUTED AZETIDINONE AND THIAZOLIDINONE DERIVATIVES AND THEIR ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY
Authors: D.K. Gautam  , I. Singh
Published: March 2024

The new series of 2-({[5-(3-chloro-2-oxo-4-substituted-phenylazetidin-1-yl)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2- yl]methyl}amino)benzoic acid (13-20) and 2-({[5-(4-oxo-2- substituted-phenyl-1,3-thiazolidin-3-yl)- 1,3,4- thiadiazol-2-yl]methyl}amino)benzoic acid (21-28) have been synthesized from 2-[({5-[(benzylideneamino]- 1,3,4- thiadiazol-2-yl }methyl)amino]-benzoic acid (5-12). All these synthesized compounds were tested for their antimicrobial activity and established by spectroscopic data, and elemental analyses.
GRAPHENE OXIDE DERIVED FROM CASSAVA PEEL AS A POTENTIAL ADSORBENT FOR TETRACYCLINE REMOVAL FROM AQUEOUS ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Rinawati  , P. Pirdaus  , A. Rahmawati  , Buhani  , A.A. Kiswandono
Published: March 2024

Due to the increase in bacterial resistance, the presence of antibiotic residues in ambient water is becoming a serious problem. In order to stop antibiotic-related water contamination, graphene oxide has been extensively employed as an advanced adsorbent. In this study, cassava peel was utilized to create graphene oxide, which was then applied as an adsorbent to remove tetracycline. The modified Hummers technique was used to produce graphene oxide, along with an oxidizing agent. Studies have been done on graphene oxide characterization and adsorption process optimization. According to the study, tetracycline removal was best accomplished under settings that included an adsorbent mass of 20 mg, an antibiotic concentration of 10 ppm, a pH of 5, and a contact period of 10 minutes. The adsorbent substance has shown promise in removing tetracycline from aqueous environments.
INVESTIGATIONS AND SYNTHESIS OF SILVER-DOPED PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE SINGLE CRYSTAL AND ITS EFFECT ON ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY
Authors: Thinakaran G. Jebadoss , Samuel R. Sugaraj , Kumar M. Ajith , Joshua J. Prince
Published: March 2024

The objective of this study was to introduce phthalic anhydride into Silver, to produce a novel substance having biological activity. The Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Powder X-ray Diffraction (PXRD), Ultraviolet-Visible Spectroscopy (UV-visible), and antimicrobial analyses collectively yielded compelling evidence indicating the occurrence of chemical alteration in the crystal structure. The obtained materials had a remarkable inhibitory action against K. pneumoniae and S. aureus, resulting in almost complete suppression. Additionally, they also hindered the growth of S. epidermidis. The derivatives exhibited the highest level of antibacterial activity, indicating that the addition of phthalic groups resulted in the hydrophobization of Silver, thereby improving the interaction between these compounds and the constituents of the bacterial cell wall. The Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) analysis yields data about the functional groups present in a sample, whilst the Ultraviolet (UV) examination provides insights into its optical properties. The present study presents a novel approach to introduce dopants into single crystals of phthalic anhydride, so greatly enhancing their potential for environmental applications.
SYNTHESIS OF SODIUM STANNATE USING ALKALINE PRESSURE LEACHING PROCESS
Authors: F. E. Yunita  , A. H. Yuwono  , J. Irawan  , L. Andriyah  , T. Arini  , F. Firdiyono  , E. Sulistiyono  , A. Suharyanto  , I. Setiawan
Published: March 2024

Sodium stannate has numerous applications, including electroplating, tin alloy, catalysts, precursor to flame retardants, and also can be used as solid electrolytes and electrode materials in emerging battery systems. The primary method for producing sodium stannate typically involves the reaction between tin metal and sodium hydroxide solution. However, the procedure exhibited several limitations, such as high energy consumption, a long process flow for the production of metallic tin, as well as the release of potentially hazardous gases. Therefore, the present study focused on synthesizing sodium stannate from cassiterite minerals through alkaline pressure leaching, followed by crystallization. The main aim of this study was to examine the effect of various leaching process parameters, such as sodium hydroxide concentration, leaching temperature, and leaching time on the improvement of tin dissolution. The results showed that the alkaline pressure leaching process can successfully produce sodium stannate from the cassiterite mineral. The optimum parameters for alkaline pressure leaching to produce sodium stannate from cassiterite have been determined: temperature of 150°C, sodium hydroxide concentration of 4 mol/L, and duration of 240 minutes.
INHIBITORY EFFECTS OF CUSCUTA REFLEXA (AMERBEL) ON THE CORROSION OF IRON IN 1M HYDROCHLORIC ACID: A GREEN APPROACH
Authors: Sisodia Pinky , Singh Renu , Hasan S. Khalid
Published: March 2024

The corrosion inhibition properties of Cuscuta reflexa (Amerbel) leaf extract as a green inhibitor for iron corrosion in hydrochloric acid were investigated using gravimetric and surface techniques. Results show that the extract's inhibition efficiency varied with concentration and temperature. The Langmuir adsorption isotherm model was followed, and the adsorption was physical and spontaneous. The studies suggest that Cuscuta reflexa extract exhibits great potential as a mild steel corrosion inhibitor in HCl environments.
The effectiveness of isopropylamine glyphosate 486 g/L + metsulfuron methyl 1 g/L herbicidal combination in oil palm (Elaeis guineensis)
Authors: WIDAYAT DEDI , KURNIADIE DENNY , PERMATASARI ITHA NAILA PUTRI
Published: March 2024

Lack of knowledge in weed control techniques in oil palm cultivation practices can lead to decreased productivity. One of the herbicides that can be used to control weeds in oil palm cultivation is a mixed herbicide made from isopropylamine glyphosate 486 g/L and methyl metsulfuron 1 g/L. The use of mixed herbicides with two or more active ingredients can broaden the spectrum of weed control, reduce herbicide residues, slow the emergence of herbicide-resistant weeds, and reduce production costs. Therefore, this study aims to determine the effectiveness of mixed herbicides IPA glyphosate 486 g/L and methyl metsulfuron 1 g/L in controlling weeds in oil palm plants in the producing phase. This research was conducted at Bukit Nyomot oil palm plantation Subang Regency, Jawa Barat Province from February to May 2023. The experimental design used was Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 6 treatments and each treatment was replicate 4 times. The treatments are consisted of the application of mixed herbicides IPA glyphosate 486 g/L and methyl metsulfuron 1 g/L at doses of 1 L/ha; 1.5 L/ha; 2 L/ha; 2.5 L/ha; manual weeding; and control (no treatment). The results shows that the mixed herbicide IPA glyphosate 486 g/L and methyl metsulfuron 1 g/L at a dose of 1 L/ha to 2.5 l/ha is effective in controlling weeds in oil palm, such as Paspalum conjugatum, Ottochloa nodosa, Asystasia intrusa, Ageratum conyzoides, Chromolaena odorata, other weeds, and total weeds up to 12 Weeks After Application (WAA).