bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
અકીક ઉદ્યોગના કામદારોની સમસ્યાઓ
Authors: Makwana Hetalkumari , Jagani Hitesh
Published: March 2022

ભારતના અર્થતંત્રને મજબૂત બનાવવા માટે સંગઠિત અને અસંગઠિત ક્ષેત્રોનો ફાળો રહેલો છે. અકીક ઉદ્યોગ એક પ્રકારનું અસંગઠિત ક્ષેત્ર છે. અકીક ઉદ્યોગ પ્રાચીન કાળથી ચાલ્યો આવતો ઉદ્યોગ છે. અન્ય ઉદ્યોગની જેમ આ ઉદ્યોગ જીવનનિર્વાહ તો કરે છે પરંતુ ઘણી સમસ્યાઓ સાથે આ ઉદ્યોગ સંકળાયેલ છે. આ ઉદ્યોગમાં સંકળાયેલ કામદારો તો સમસ્યાનો શિકાર બને જ છે પણ સાથે આ ઉદ્યોગ પોતે પણ ઘણી સમસ્યાઓથી ઘેરાયેલો છે. જે કામદારો આ ઉદ્યોગમાં જોડાયેલ છે તેઓ પથ્થરની સાથે પોતાની જીંદગી પણ ઘસે છે. તેથી જ પ્રફુલ્લ ત્રિવેદીએ તેમના પુસ્તકમાં જણાવ્યું છે કે “ અકીકનો પથ્થર ઘસાય તેમ કારીગરની જિંદગી ઘસાય.” કામદારો કેટલીય સમસ્યાનો ભોગ બને છે છતાં ગુજરાન કરવા તેમાં જોડાયેલ રહે છે. વર્ષ ૧૯૯૨થી વડોદરા સ્થિત PTRC સંસ્થા અકીક કામદારોના ઉત્કર્ષ અને કલ્યાણ માટે પ્રયત્નશીલ છે અને અકીક કામદારોના હકો માટે લડત ચલાવી રહી છે. જનપથ આયોજિત “ અકીક ઉદ્યોગ વિકાસ મંડળ ” પણ અકીક કામદારોની સમસ્યાના નિવારણ અર્થે સક્રિય પ્રયાસો કરી રહ્યું છે. પ્રસ્તુત શોધપત્રનો હેતુ અકીક ઉદ્યોગના કામદારોની સમસ્યા જાણવાનો છે અને તેમાંથી વાસ્તવિકતા બહાર લાવવાનો પ્રયાસ કરવાનો છે. અકીક કામદારોની સમસ્યા કામદારો પુરતી જ સીમિત નથી. કારણ કે ભારતના અર્થતંત્રમાં આ ઉદ્યોગનો ફાળો અમુલ્ય રહેલ છે. તેથી આ ઉદ્યોગની અસર ભારતના અર્થતંત્ર પર પણ પડે છે. એવું ચોક્કસ કહી શકાય કે અકીક કામદારો ઘણી સમસ્યાઓ વેઠી રહ્યા છે પણ દરેક પ્રશ્નોનું નિરાકરણ તો હોય છે જ. તેથી આપણે આ ઉદ્યોગને ટકાવી રાખવાનો છે અને અકીક કામદારોની જે સમસ્યા છે તેનું નિરાકરણ લાવવાનું છે. જેથી કરીને ઉદ્યોગ પણ ચાલે અને કામદારોને રોજીરોટી પણ મળી રહે.
ENERGY POVERTY AND GENDER ISSUES IN INDIA: A STUDY OF ODISHA
Authors: Pradhan Ramakrushna , Palei Jajneswari
Published: March 2022

Although, energy poverty has been an antique issue of discussion and debate but its acute and persistent shortage even in the 21st century world marked by technological innovation, increasing energy production and worldwide dissemination of the energy resources has captured the international attention in recent years. The case of India with second largest population in the world is no exception. With in India, the state of Odisha with 83.6 per cent rural and tribal areas with an estimate of 51 313 rural villages and over 67 82 879 rural households; about 17 percent of villages lacking electricity; only 20 per cent of the rural roads are paved; 37 percent of the rural population living below the poverty line; 1/3 of the total population constitute from the lower socio-cultural and economic group; 36 percent represents scheduled tribes and castes; and over 35 percent of the rural population has no access to safe drinking water in comparison to all India level of 84 per cent deserve special mention. In South Odisha around 80 percent of the population is classified as poor and its development indicators are often worse than Sub-Saharan Africa. Several thousand households both rural and urban in Odisha do not have access to electricity and to modern energy fuels as well. Moreover, a great number of them have no access to clean water. This means that they do not have access to economic development and they spend good deal of their time collecting traditional energy resources such as wood, cow dung and water leading to health problems and accelerating deforestation. In this background, this paper endeavours to explain the political economy of energy poverty and gender issues in Odisha and tries to understand how access to modern energy may trigger economic growth and human resources development in rural Odisha and then to recommend policy measures to come out of the prevailing problems and challenges.
Lise Öğrencilerinin Benlik Saygılarının Kişisel Sorumluluk Düzeylerine Etkisinin İncelenmesi
Authors: SÖNMEZ Ahmet , TURAN Serhat , SOYER Fikret
Published: March 2022

Bu araştırmada spor yapan ve yapmayan lise öğrencilerinin benlik saygısının bireysel sorumluluk düzeylerine etkisinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklem grubunu Balıkesir ilinin Karesi ve Altıeylül merkez ilçelerinde bulunan dört farklı türdeki ortaöğretim kurumlarında öğrenim gören 238’i erkek, 355’i kız olmak üzere toplam 593 Öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Veri toplama aracı olarak araştırmacı tarafından hazırlanan Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Singg ve Ader (2001) tarafından geliştirilen ve Doğan (2015) tarafından Türkçeye uyarlanan ve 10 maddeden oluşan Öğrenci Bireysel Sorumluluk Ölçeği (ÖBSÖ) ve Rosenberg tarafından geliştirilmiş Türkiye’deki güvenilirlik ve geçerlilik çalışmaları Çuhadaroğlu (1986) tarafından yapılan 10 maddeden oluşan Rosenberg Benlik Saygısı Ölçeği (RBSÖ) kullanılmıştır. Veriler SPSS programına aktarılmış istatistiksel analizlerde betimsel istatistikler, ilişkisiz örneklemler t testi, OneWay ANOVA, Pearsonkorelasyon ve basit doğrusal regresyon analizinden yararlanılmıştır. Analiz sonuçlarına göre Bireysel Sorumluluk Ölçeği skorlarında cinsiyetler açısından anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmazken; Benlik saygısı skor ortalamalarının erkekler lehine anlamlı farklılık oluşturduğu tespit edilmiştir. Egzersiz yapma sıklığına göre değerlendirildiğinde 1-3 gün egzersiz yapanların puanları hiç egzersiz yapmayanlara göre anlamlı düzeyde yüksek bulunurken; her gün egzersiz yapan bireylerin skor ortalamaları da diğer gruplara göre anlamlı düzeyde yüksek bulunmuştur. Analizin diğer bulgusunda ise her gün egzersize katılım gösteren bireylerin bireysel sorumluluk skor ortalamaları hiç egzersiz yapmayanlara göre anlamlı düzeyde yüksek bulunmuştur. Yapılan korelasyon analizi sonucunda benlik saygısı ve bireysel sorumluluk arasında pozitif yönlü, zayıf ve anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Regresyon katsayısının anlamlılığına ilişkin t-testi sonuçları incelendiğinde benlik saygısının bireysel sorumluluk üzerinde anlamlı bir etkiye sahip olduğu ve bireysel sorumluluğun %7,4’ünü açıkladığı tespit edilmiştir.
DOES INTRAHEPATIC CHOLESTASIS OF PREGNANCY CAUSE A DIFFERENCE IN FETAL CARDIAC OUTPUT?
Authors: TURGUT Ezgi , DENİZLİ Ramazan , FARİSOĞULLARI Nihat , SAKCAK Bedri , GÖNCÜ AYHAN Şule , SAHİN Dilek
Published: March 2022

Aim: We aim to evaluate fetal cardiac output in intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP).

Material and Method: Thirty-two patients with ICP and 42 healthy pregnant women were included in the study. The diagnosis of ICP was made by detecting fasting bile acid value >10 µmol/L in symptomatic pregnant women. Fetal echocardiographic evaluations were performed >34 weeks of gestation. Demographic data, fetal cardiac output, and perinatal outcomes of the patients were compared between the groups.

Results: In the ICP group aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were higher than the control group (p
Kronoseismology. VI. Reading the Recent History of Saturn’s Gravity Field in Its Rings
Authors: Hedman M. M. , Nicholson P. D. , El Moutamid M. , Smotherman S.
Published: March 2022

Saturn’s C ring contains multiple structures that appear to be density waves driven by time-variable anomalies in the planet’s gravitational field. Semiempirical extensions of density wave theory enable the observed wave properties to be translated into information about how the pattern speeds and amplitudes of these gravitational anomalies have changed over time. Combining these theoretical tools with wavelet-based analyses of data obtained by the Visual and Infrared Mapping Spectrometer on board the Cassini spacecraft reveals a suite of structures in Saturn’s gravity field with azimuthal wavenumber 3, rotation rates between 804° day−1 and 842° day−1, and local gravitational potential amplitudes between 30 and 150 cm2 s−2. Some of these anomalies are transient, appearing and disappearing over the course of a few Earth years, while others persist for decades. Most of these persistent patterns appear to have roughly constant pattern speeds, but there is at least one structure in the planet’s gravitational field whose rotation rate steadily increased between 1970 and 2010. This gravitational field structure appears to induce two different asymmetries in the planet’s gravity field, one with azimuthal wavenumber 3 that rotates at roughly 810° day−1 and another with azimuthal wavenumber 1 rotating three times faster. The atmospheric processes responsible for generating the latter pattern may involve solar tides.
Electrical and galvanomagnetic properties of black phosphorus single crystals
Authors: Kharchenko Andrei A. , Fedotova Julia A. , Slabukho Valeryia Yu. , Fedotov Alexander K. , Pashkevich Alexey V. , Svito Ivan A , Bushinsky Maxim V.
Published: March 2022

Black phosphorus (b-P) single crystals having the n-type electrical conductivity produced in a high pressure set-up (~1 GPa) with six diamond anvils at 800 °C for 12 h have been studied. The electrical conductivity σ(Т,В) and the Hall constant Rh(Т,В) have been analyzed within one-band and two-band models as functions of temperature in the 2 < Т < 300 K range and magnetic field in the 0 < В < 8 T range. Fitting of the experimental σ(Т,В) and Rh(Т,В) curves suggests the following key properties of the crystals: (1) intrinsic conductivity type, (2) approximately equal electron and hole concentrations and mobilities, (3) anisotropic behavior of electron and hole conductivities, concentrations and mobilities and (4) combination of negative and positive contributions to magnetoresistance (magnetoresistive effect, MR). In a zero magnetic field the anisotropy coefficient α = [σа (Т) – σс (Т)]/σс (Т) below 50–70 K is positive whereas above 220 K its sign changes to negative due to a specific combination of the temperature dependences of carrier concentration and mobility. It has been shown that the negative sign of relative MR (negative magnetoresistive effect) dominates at T < 25 K and B < 6 T and is presumably caused by the effects of strong localization resulting from structural disorder. The positive MR sign (positive magnetoresistive effect) is associated with the Lorentz mechanism of carrier movement and exhibits itself above 25 K in 6–8 T magnetic fields.
Typification of five plant names described based on specimens collected by Józef Warszewicz in Central and South America
Authors: Nobis Marcin , Klichowska Ewelina , Wolanin Mateusz , Nobis Agnieszka , Nowak Arkadiusz
Published: March 2022

Józef Warszewicz (1812–1864) was one of the first Polish naturalists to explore the flora of the tropical New World. During two expeditions to Central and South America (1844–1850 and 1850–1853) he collected and delivered to Europe up to twenty thousand plant specimens. To honour his service and his achievements in plant collections, different taxonomists described more than 100 taxa using the surname Warszewicz, for example in the genus name (Warszewiczia) and the species epithets (warszewiczii, warscewiczii, warszewicziana). Unfortunately, a large part of Warszewicz’s collection of plant species deposited in the Berlin Herbarium (B), including many type specimens was destroyed during World War II. During digitisation of herbarium collections preserved in the Herbarium of the Jagiellonian University (KRA), we reviewed more than 650 herbarium sheets with plant specimens collected by Warszewicz and originating from his trips to Central and South America. In this paper, we present the typification of five names of species, described base on Warszewicz’s plant material. We select lectotypes for Berberis warszewiczii, Esenbeckia warscewiczii, Psammisia ramiflora, Remijia involucrata and Rondeletia orthoneura, and provide data on the presence of 17 specimens (isotypes) representing Esenbeckia cornuta, an extremely rare species, that to date is known only from the type locality in Peru. A list of all Warszewicz’s specimens preserved at KRA herbarium is also presented. Additionally, in the result of the revision of syntypes of Berberis multiflora and Rondeletia reflexa we designated here the lectotypes for these taxa.
Littératures en langues africaines
Authors: Derive Jean
Published: March 2022

L’article présente les publications littéraires en langues mandingues en distinguant quatre critères : la littérature orale et les œuvres de tradition écrite publiées dans une langue mandingue et les lieux de publications, en Afrique ou non. Il existe une opposition nette entre les publications faites hors d’Afrique, bilingues, portant exclusivement sur des œuvres de tradition orale et destinées à un public « scientifique » et les publications réalisées chez des éditeurs africains, monolingues, consacrées aussi bien aux œuvres orales patrimoniales qu’aux créations dans des genres de tradition écrite et destinées à un public beaucoup plus populaire dans l’ensemble. Au-delà du cas des littératures en langues mandingues, on relève pour les publications en langue locale, la difficulté à trouver un important lectorat africain « privé », en dehors des cibles institutionnelles visées par la publication, en particulier le public scolaire qui reste souvent très majoritaire.
La nouvelle classe écologique : une gauche au carré !
Authors: Latour Bruno , Schultz Nikolaj , Gaudillière Jean-Paul
Published: March 2022

Les questions écologiques sont désormais au cœur des nouvelles luttes de classe, nous disent Bruno Latour et Nikolaj Schultz dans le mémo qu’ils viennent d’envoyer aux membres des partis écologistes et à leurs électeur·rices 1 . Ils reviennent avec nous sur leur vision de cette transformation radicale, sur l’émergence de l’habitabilité comme enjeu central, et sur ce que la classe écologique fait à la gauche et à la quête d’une nouvelle hégémonie.
De l’accompagnement et du traitement du corps vers les pratiques de soins psychiques chez le sujet en situation de handicap moteur au Cameroun
Authors: Tchokote Emilie Clarisse
Published: March 2022

Les bouleversements induits par le handicap acquis chez l’adulte nécessitent une reconstruction du sujet. La coprésence des modes de traitement du corps (médical, traditionnel ou culturel) est envisagée. L’article cherche à comprendre le retentissement psychique des mécanismes culturels de traitement du corps. Huit entretiens cliniques réalisés auprès de quatre hommes rencontrés au CNRPH à Yaoundé montrent que la prise en charge par la culture va de l’aspect rituel pour s’étayer aux soins psychiques. La figure, le cadre culturel du soin et l’effet de la coprésence des types de soins sont à reconsidérer afin de rendre possible la restructuration psychique du sujet.
Qualité des études d’impact et travail parlementaire
Authors: du Marais Bertrand , Monnery Benjamin
Published: March 2022

Depuis 2009, le Gouvernement est tenu de produire une étude d’impact (EI) des projets de loi qu’il soumet au Parlement, afin de documenter ex-ante leurs conséquences juridiques, économiques, sociales ou encore environnementales. Cet article présente une analyse statistique d’un échantillon d’une trentaine d’études d’impact produites de juin 2017 à août 2019, soit près de la moitié de la production législative sur la période. Dans un premier temps, l’article documente la qualité hétérogène et souvent médiocre des études d’impact à travers une série d’indicateurs, et tente d’identifier les déterminants de cette qualité. Dans un second temps, l’article analyse l’usage parlementaire qui est fait des EI sous la XV e législature et montre que si cet usage est limité et principalement le fait de l’opposition, des EI de meilleure qualité peuvent effectivement nourrir le travail parlementaire. Les raisons de la relative médiocrité des études d’impact et plusieurs pistes d’amélioration sont discutées. Codes JEL : D61, D78, H70
La reconnaissance juridique du féminicide : quel apport en matière de protection des droits des femmes ?
Authors: Wattier Stéphanie
Published: March 2022

Après un retour sur l’origine de la notion de « fémi(ni)cide », l’article analyse la question de sa consécration juridique en Amérique latine, ainsi que l’apport de la jurisprudence de la Cour européenne des droits de l’homme en la matière. L’article se concentre ensuite plus spécifiquement sur la situation de la Belgique et de la France. Enfin, il évalue l’incidence de la création d’une infraction spécifique de « fémi(ni)cide » sur la protection des droits des femmes.
L’intelligence artificielle : point de situation
Authors: Antier Philippe
Published: March 2022

L’emploi de la violence sur le champ de bataille fait appel à la technologie. Les effets physiques et psychologiques des armes nouvelles doivent être connus par le chef, afin qu’il intègre dans sa réflexion et dans ses choix leurs conséquences potentielles. Parmi les défis à relever sur les champs de bataille du xxi e  siècle, nous devons mesurer la violence des nouvelles armes, améliorer la précision des frappes, dissuader l’adversaire de nous attaquer. Les nouvelles technologies semblent pouvoir lever le brouillard de la guerre grâce à l’analyse de données et à la prolifération des capteurs. Le cyberespace permet d’accéder avec facilité à la sphère informationnelle où toute forme de violence anonyme est rendue possible. Le facteur humain, inhérent aux combats sur terre, en mer, dans les airs et dans une moindre mesure dans le cyberespace, devrait cependant maintenir un voile ténébreux sur les théâtres d’opération. Les derniers conflits l’ont mis en exergue, l’avan­tage technologique et la meilleure connaissance du champ de bataille ne sont pas une panacée pour la victoire ; la volonté humaine y gardera sa part.
La dégradation du travail de l’enseignant ? Le cas d’un modèle d’enseignement à distance au Mexique
Authors: Hernández Gómez Adriana
Published: March 2022

Cette recherche analyse le travail de l’enseignement dans l’apprentissage en ligne, en relation avec l’organisation du travail de cette modalité éducative et en considérant en son sein les relations plaisir-souffrance ainsi que les stratégies défensives développées dans leur télétravail quotidien. Cela, à partir d’un dispositif d’intervention de groupe (clinique du travail) avec des professeurs d’une université de Mexico partant de la psychodynamique du travail. On conclut que l’enseignement à distance a permis l’entrée d’une série de logiques néolibérales d’évaluation, de standardisation et de contrôle du travail qui affectent fortement les travailleurs au niveau de leur santé et dans l’exercice de l’enseignement. Cependant, les enseignants trouvent ou construisent des voies de plaisir.
Research and Technology in Graphic Engineering and Design at the Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya
Authors:   Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Lapaz Castillo Jose Luis , Farrerons Vidal Oscar ,   Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Olmedo Torre Noelia ,   Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya
Published: March 2022

The Department of Graphic Engineering and Design (DEGD) of the Polytechnic University of Catalonia has undergone continuous and rapid changes in its teaching and research methods in recent years. The DEGD has pursued continuous improvement in learning techniques in its Undergraduate, Master’s and Doctoral programs, striving for excellence, adapting to the increasingly more varied research needs demanded by society from institutions of higher education. We are experiencing paradigm shifts, to a great extent due to the global change affecting the Earth, and we cannot sit back and wait as a society or a department. It is for this reason that a large part of the research carried out recently is related to improved sustainability, investigating new materials, industrial processes, technologies and mechanisms to repurpose and recycle, as is evident in the chapters of the present book. Graphic Engineering and Design is present in the design methodologies used to design a competition motorcycle, in the study of the potential of cellulose as a sustainable material, in the learning about equidistant curves and the solving of tangency problems, in the quest for an alternative to materials derived from fossil resources, in the new production processes for e-commerce packaging, in additive manufacturing, in 3D printing, in the new design methods for porous scaffolds; cross-curricular and innovative knowledge that forms part of the research at DEGD.
Lean frameworks: A systematic literature review (SLR) investigating methods and design elements
Authors: Mangaroo-Pillay Mia , Coetzee Rojanette
Published: March 2022

Purpose: Despite the influx of Lean frameworks in literature, there seems to be no standardised or established methods for designing them. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to investigate what design methods and design elements are utilised in creating Lean frameworks.Design/methodology/approach: A systematic literature review (SLR) was conducted to find all the available studies on Lean frameworks.Findings: This study found that the formation of the framework could be broken down into four different categories; namely: approaches or methods for designing, design elements to include, theory to investigate during the literature studies and framework testing methods for evaluating the framework.Research limitations/implications: While this research focused on Lean frameworks, it is recommended that future studies look at Lean models and roadmaps.Practical implications: The artefact created in this study, the House of Guidance, will provide future researchers with a guideline on how to go about designing a Lean framework.Originality/value: The SLR looked at pre-existing frameworks, in order to extract the categories for the development of Lean frameworks. This study presents the House of Guidance (an original artefact), to aid in the design and creation of future Lean Frameworks.
Reaching Target Communities in a Community Preschool Vision Screening Program
Authors: Ulangca Richard A. , Oh Connie J. , Atiga Chase R. , Dunbar Jennifer A. , Khazaeni Leila M.
Published: March 2022

Purpose:

To develop a method to identify preschools with the greatest need for vision screening, correlations between socioeconomic status, preschool capacity, and rates of pediatric vision screenings performed by a community vision screening program were investigated. Geoinformatics mapping software was used to visually display the areas of greatest need.

Methods:

Vision screening data from a community vision screening program, child care facility data from California Department of Social Services, and income data from the U.S. Census Bureau through ArcGIS software (Esri) were collected. When possible, data were consolidated at the ZIP code level. Kolmogorov-Smirnov analysis was used to determine correlations between data elements. Licensed child care facilities were scored on a scale (from 1 to 5) based on the socioeconomic status of the ZIP code and the facility capacity. The scoring system prioritized larger facilities in lower income communities to most efficiently use vision screening program resources.

Results:

There was a positive correlation between the capacity of the child care facility and the median household income (
P
= .005). Second, we found a positive correlation between child care capacity and the median household income (
P
= .005). Licensed child care facilities were mapped and colored using GIS software according to their cumulative score.

Conclusions:

Challenges to vision screening in under-served communities include the lack of child care facilities and smaller facility size. The use of a scoring system and mapping software can direct vision screening programs to reach a greater number of children with the most efficient use of resources.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2022;59(6):375–379.]
Botulinum Toxin Injection in Horizontal Rectus Muscles Without Electromyography Using an Open Sky Versus a Closed Sky Technique
Authors: Kassem Rehab R. , Badr Ranya A. A. , Al Zarea Bandar K. A. , Almasaud Jluwi S. , Alshomer Fahad M. , El-Sada Mohammad A. , Zedan Rasha H.
Published: March 2022

Purpose:

To ascertain whether electromyographic control when injecting botulinum toxin in the horizontal rectus muscles is necessary, and to compare the open sky and closed sky injection techniques that are used without electromyographic control.

Methods:

The records of 135 patients with horizontal strabismus who received botulinum toxin injections were reviewed retrospectively. Sevoflurane or propofol anesthesia was used in children, and topical benoxinate hydrochloride was used in adults. Patients received a bilateral injection of 2.5 to 15 IU of botulinum toxin, without electromyographic control, into the medial or lateral rectus muscles to correct esotropia or exotropia, respectively. An open sky technique was used in 31 patients, and a closed sky technique was used in 104 patients. Postoperative alignment within 10 prism diopters (PD) of orthotropia was considered a successful outcome.

Results:

A successful outcome at 6 months of follow-up was achieved in 47% of all patients: 59% of patients in the open sky group and 44% of patients in the closed sky group (
P
= .151). Botulinum toxin injection corrected a mean of 14 ± 9.705 PD in patients in the open sky group and 31 ± 20.589 PD in patients in the closed sky group to obtain mean residual angles of 21 ± 16.692 and 13 ± 11.901 PD, respectively.

Conclusions:

The results obtained without electromyographic assistance were not remarkably different from the studies using electromyographic control. Moreover, because the results of the open sky technique were not significantly superior to the closed sky technique, the latter was favored to shorten the operative time and postoperative convalescence, and to reduce the risk of postoperative adhesions and scarring, which made re-operations difficult.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2022;59(6):388–395.]
Visual Performance of a Novel Optical Design of a New Multifocal Intraocular Lens
Authors: Nov Eytan , Rubowitz Alexander , Dar Nimrod , Sharon Tal , Assia Ehud I.
Published: March 2022

PURPOSE:

To evaluate the optical performance and quality of vision of a novel optical design of a new trifocal intraocular lens (IOL) using a proprietary modified algorithm.

METHODS:

In this prospective, non-randomized, single-armed, single-center, open-label study, a total of 20 patients (40 eyes) who were candidates for multifocal lens implantation were recruited for implantation with the multifocal Intensity SL IOL (Hanita Lenses). Evaluation performed at 1 and 7 to 10 days and 1 and 3 months after implantation included corrected and uncorrected distance visual acuities at far, intermediate (80 cm), and near (40 cm). Monocular and binocular visual acuities, defocus curves, and contrast sensitivity were measured and questionnaires for grading subjective visual quality, satisfaction, and visual function were provided.

RESULTS:

Three months postoperatively, monocular uncorrected visual acuity for distance, intermediate, and near averaged 0.03 ± 0.11, 0.09 ± 0.09, and −0.22 ± 0.09 logMAR, respectively (Snellen 20/21.4, 20/24.6, and 20/12). Corrected monocular visual acuity for distance, intermediate, and near averaged −0.07 ± 0.06, 0.03 ± 0.09, and −0.25 ± 0.07 logMAR (20/17, 20/21.4, and 20/11.2), respectively. Binocular corrected visual acuity for distance, intermediate, and near was −0.1 ± 0.06, −0.02 ± 0.09, and −0.28 ± 0.04 logMAR (20/15.8, 20/19, and 20/10.5), respectively. Contrast sensitivity was similar to the normal population in photopic and mesopic conditions. Defocus curves showed that this IOL provided visual acuity of 20/28.9 or better between a defocus of +1.00 and −3.50 diopters. The Visual Function Index-14 questionnaire showed that patients reported high satisfaction. Patients specifically noted good quality of vision at near and intermediate distances.

CONCLUSIONS:

The Intensity SL IOL can provide good quality distance, intermediate, and particularly strong near vision after cataract surgery and independence from spectacles with good patient satisfaction.

[J Refract Surg. 2022;38(3):150–157.]
Repeatability and Agreement of a New Scheimpflug Device and a Hartmann-Shack Aberrometer With a Ray-Tracing Aberrometer in Normal, Keratoconus, and CXL Groups
Authors: Kundu Gairik , Shetty Rohit , Ranade Reshma , Trivedi Divya , Lalgudi Vaitheeswaran Ganesan , Nuijts Rudy M.M.A. , Annavajjhala Sriram , Khamar Pooja
Published: March 2022

PURPOSE:

To assess repeatability and agreement of a Scheimpflug topographer and a Hartmann-Shack aberrometer with a ray-tracing aberrometer in normal, keratoconus, and corneal cross-linking (CXL) groups.

METHODS:

In this cross-sectional, observational study, normal, keratoconus, and CXL groups with 125 eyes in each of the three groups were included. All eyes underwent three sets of measurements, at a single visit, using the Pentacam AXL Wave (Oculus Optikgeräte GmbH) and iTrace (Tracey Technologies). Keratometry, pachymetry, objective refraction, and total ocular aberrations including root mean square (RMS) lower order aberrations (LOAs), RMS higher order aberrations (HOAs), RMS coma, and spherical aberrations (SA) were analyzed. Objective assessment of haze after CXL was done using the Pentacam AXL Wave. Repeatability was assessed using within-subject standard deviation (Sw), test–retest variability, within-subject coefficient of variation (COV), and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Bland-Altman analysis assessed 95% limits of agreement and correlation coefficient (
r
) determined the strength of the relationship between measurements.

RESULTS:

The Pentacam AXL Wave had Sw for keratometry of 0.12 in the normal group and 0.15 in the keratoconus group and lower (poorer) Sw of 0.17 in the CXL group. For pachymetry, Sw was 9.18, 9.53, and 10.11 in the normal, keratoconus, and CXL groups, respectively. Total aberrations had ICCs ranging from 0.88 for RMS HOAs to 0.95 for SA in the normal group, 0.86 for RMS HOAs to 0.92 for SA in the keratoconus group, and 0.72 for RMS HOAs to 0.82 for SA (poorer) in the CXL group. In the normal group, mean differences between the two devices were nonsignificant for all parameters except SA (0.011 ± 0.038 μm,
P
< .01; limits of agreement = −0.09 to 0.07;
r
= 0.87). In the keratoconus group, mean differences were significant in all aberrations except RMS LOAs (−0.27 ± 0.85 μm,
P
= .10; limits of agreement = −3.3 to 3.8;
r
= 0.92). In the CXL group, all parameters varied significantly (
P
< .006).

CONCLUSIONS:

The Pentacam AXL Wave showed comparable repeatability in the normal and keratoconus groups, but was poorer in the CXL group, more so with increasing corneal haze. Both devices can be used interchangeably in normal eyes, except for SA, but not in eyes with keratoconus or CXL for aberration measurements.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2022;38(3):201–208.]
Sequential Short Interval Anti-VEGF for the Treatment of Stage 4 Retinopathy of Prematurity
Authors: Hamichi Sophia El , Saigal Khushi , Anzaldo Estephania Feria , Gold Aaron , Berrocal Audina M. , Murray Timothy G.
Published: March 2022

A 23-month-old girl born at 23 weeks' gestational age with a birth weight of 453 g and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) stage 4A in 360° and plus disease in both eyes was treated in another institution with laser; her treatment was complicated with two cardiac arrests during the procedure. The patient was referred and treated at 31 weeks with repeated intravitreal bevacizumab injection in both eyes secondary to progressive ROP. Treatment with multiple anti–vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy as monotherapy led to the resolution of a retinal detachment and full vascularization of the retina in both eyes. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first description of a patient with stage 4A ROP treated solely with anti-VEGF after failed laser treatment that led to complete resolution of a retinal detachment without surgical intervention.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2022;53:159–163.]
Non-instantaneous impulsive fractional-order delay differential systems with Mittag-Leffler kernel
Authors: Kavitha Velusamy ,   Department of Mathematics, School of Sciences, Arts, Media & Management, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Karunya Nagar, Coimbatore-641114, Tamil Nadu, India, Arjunan Mani Mallika , Baleanu Dumitru ,   Department of Mathematics, School of Arts, Science and Humanities, SASTRA Deemed to be University, Thanjavur-613401, Tamil Nadu, India,   Department of Mathematics and Computer Sciences, Faculty of Art and Sciences, Cankaya University, 06530 Ankara, Turkey,   Institute of Space Sciences, Magurele-Bucharest, Romania,   Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
Published: March 2022

The existence of fractional-order functional differential equations with non-instantaneous impulses within the Mittag-Leffler kernel is examined in this manuscript. Non-instantaneous impulses are involved in such equations and the solution semigroup is not compact in Banach spaces. We suppose that the nonlinear term fulfills a non-compactness measure criterion and a local growth constraint. We further assume that non-instantaneous impulsive functions satisfy specific Lipschitz criteria. Finally, an example is given to justify the theoretical results.
THE ROLE OF COMPLEX POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER AND PROTECTIVE FACTORS IN ACCEPTING-REJECTING DIMENSION OF PARENTING OF WOMEN SURVIVORS OF ABUSE
Authors: Misic Maja , Todorovic Jelisaveta , Petrovic Andjelija
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT The research intended to establish a connection between complex posttraumatic stress disorder (C-PTSD) and the accepting/rejecting parenting of mothers, survivors of complex trauma. The goal was also to examine how protective factors, resilience, and perceived social support moderate the effect of C-PTSD on the mother’s rejecting parenting, as well as how parental traumas and their parenting predicts parenting of women survivors. The study results are based on a survey completed by 100 women at the age 19 – 64. The sample had two groups: mothers with C-PTSD and a control group without C-PSTD. The results indicate that complex trauma can predict mother’s parenting rejection. C-PTSD displays correlations with all five dimensions of the negative parenting styles (lackof affection/neglect/aggression/control/undifferentiated rejection). Resilience acted as a moderator between C-PTSD and rejecting parenting. Parental traumas and their rejecting parenting manifest in women’s parenting Key words: C-PTSD, trauma exposure, women, parenting,resilience
DOPRINOS INDIVIDUALNIH ČIMBENIKA OTPORNOSTI U OBJAŠNJENJU RIZIČNOG SEKSUALNOG PONAŠANJA ADOLESCENATA
Authors: Belošević Matea , Selestrin Zrinka Selestrin , Ferić Martina
Published: March 2022

THE CONTRIBUTION OF ASPECTS OF INDIVIDUAL RESILIENCE IN EXPLAINING ADOLESCENTS’ RISKY SEXUAL BEHAVIOR ABSTRACT The purpose of this paper is to determine the contribution of aspects of individual resilience in explaining risky sexual behaviors as a basis for evidence-based intervention planning to promote positive development/prevention of risky behaviours in young people. The sample of the study included 1,647 students from the Varaždin County, Croatia, and the age of the participants ranged from 14 to 19 years. To achieve the objectives of this work, descriptive statistics methods (arithmetic mean, frequencies) and a multivariate logistic regression model with a complex sample design were used. The data showed that 8.9% of adolescents reported having had sexual intercourse at the age of 14 years and 33.4% before the age of 16 years. Among adolescents who reported experience with sexual intercourse, 21% reported having had sexual intercourse with more than three partners, while 43.9% reported not always using condoms. The data showed that among the study participants, the most salient components of individual resilience were goals and aspirations and self-efficacy, while the least salient components were cooperation and communication and problem-solving skills. In addition, the multivariate logistic regression model conducted with a complex sample design revealed that cooperation and communication, self-efficacy, empathy, problem-solving skills, self-awareness, and goals and aspirations together could partly explain risky sexual behavior. The results suggest that the adolescents who rate their self-efficacy higher than others are more likely to belong to the risky sexual behavior group than to the non-risky sexual behavior group, while the adolescents who report having higher goals and aspirations are less likely to belong to the risky sexual behavior group than to the non-risky sexual behavior group. Key words: aspects of individual resilience; risky sexual behavior; adolescents
Ultrasound-assisted extraction of red mombin seed oil (Spondias purpurea L.): phenolic profile, fatty acid profile and chemical characterization of the cake, residue from the oil extraction
Authors: Abreu D.J.M. , Carvalho E.E.N. , Vilas Boas E.V.B. , Asquieri E.R. , Damiani C.
Published: March 2022

The ultrasound-assisted method was used to extract oil from the red mombin seed, mainly aiming to analyze yield. A multivariate analysis served to define optimized parameters (6.46 minutes and S/S ratio of 1:23.10 mass:volume) for ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) with the objective of maximizing yield, using the response surface methodology (RSM) and desirability graph with central variables and axial points determined by the central composite rotatable design (CCRD). In addition to the optimization of oil extraction, oil was chemically characterized in terms of antioxidant capacity and nutritional aspects to test the quality and chemical characteristics of red mombin seed oil extraction residue (cake). Analyses showed 32% unsaturated fatty acids, such as palmitoleic acid, linolelaidic acid, and α-linolenic acid, and the presence of phenolic compounds, especially catechin. High dietary fiber content and the presence of phenolic compounds, such as chlorogenic acid, vanillin, and gallic acid, were found in the cake, which allows the possibility of incorporating this material into food products.
Comparison of Passive and Active Tuned Mass Dampers for Structures Subjected to Earthquake Excitations
Authors: Kayabekir Aylin Ece , Bekdaş Gebrail , Nigdeli Sinan Melih
Published: March 2022

Passive and active control systems have been used in practical applications for new or existing structures. Active systems have generally better performance compared to passive ones, but the control force ad time-delay effects in the production of this control force are needed to be considered. In this study, passive tuned mass dampers (TMDs) and active tuned mass dampers (ATMDs) are compared for structures subjected to earthquake motions. For optimization of both systems, an improved harmony search algorithm is proposed. In the optimum design of ATMD, time-delay and control force limitation are considered. The comparison is presented for a 15-story reinforced concrete (RC) frame structure. According to the results, ATMD is effective than TMD in the reduction of structural displacement.
Exploring the Relationship Between Student Engagement and Authentic Learning During COVID-19
Authors: Hossain Syed Far Abid , Sofyan Yunita , Ushie Adadu Michael , Srimuang Keeratinun
Published: March 2022

Social Networking Sites (SNSs) such as WeChat or Facebook, can facilitate university students in learning, especially during a deadly epidemic period such as COVID-19. Student engagement is a challenging task for educators in internet-enabled technology-enhanced learning platforms. This research attempts to identify the relationship between student engagement and authentic learning during COVID-19 through the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) as a theoretical base. Quantitative data were collected (n = 285) using an online survey technique with the students from a recognized university in China. All six proposed hypotheses, including a moderating and two mediating variables were found to be supported. The findings indicated that constructs such as affective engagement (AE) and social engagement (SE) are significant predictors of social interaction (SI) that may lead to accomplish authentic learning task (ALTask). Further, lack of attention (LAN) was found to significantly moderate social interaction and authentic learning tasks during COVID-19.
Chat for Teamwork Discussion
Authors: Malnati Giovanni , Viola Erica , Trizio Marco , Mosso Cristina Onesta
Published: March 2022

Chat communication play an increasingly important role within the workplace. Messages can be focused on both work tasks and relationships among colleagues, providing support for teams. The present study aims to identify key elements of the chat communication, through a content analysis of written utterances from teams of engineering and psychology undergraduate students engaged in the development of an application software. Our results show that chat allows teammates to share a common structure of knowledge about task, equipment, roles and relationships (i.e., team mental models). Moreover, both the quantity of interactions and the type of information exchanged show an association with the quality of the task performed. Actually the results of this study emphasize the advantages of the effective use of digital technologies. Implication and future research are discussed.
Improved Data-Driven Root Cause Analysis in a Fog Computing Environment
Authors: Bulla Chetan M. , Birje Mahantesh N.
Published: March 2022

Internet of things (IoT) and cloud computing are used in many real-time smart applications such as smart healthcare, smart traffic, smart city, and smart industries. Fog computing has been introduced as an intermediate layer to reduce communication delay between cloud and IoT devices. To improve the performance of these smart applications, a predictive maintenance system needs to adopt an anomaly detection and root cause analysis model that helps to resolve anomalies and avoid such anomalies in the future. The state-of-the-art work on data-driven root cause analysis suffers from scalability, accuracy, and interpretability. In this paper, a multi-agent-based improved data-driven root cause analysis technique is introduced to identify anomalies and their root causes. The deep learning model LSTM autoencoder is used to find the anomalies, and a game theory approach called SHAP algorithm is used to find the root cause of the anomaly. The evaluation result shows the improvement in accuracy and interpretability as compared to state-of-the-art works.
Therapeutic Small Interfering RNA Targeting Complement C3 in a Mouse Model of C3 Glomerulopathy
Authors: Zanchi Cristina , Locatelli Monica , Cerullo Domenico , Aumiller Verena , Corna Daniela , Rottoli Daniela , Eisermann Mona , Donadelli Roberta , Mousavi Mansoureh , Noris Marina , Remuzzi Giuseppe , Benigni Ariela , Zoja Carlamaria
Published: March 2022

Alternative pathway complement dysregulation with abnormal glomerular C3 deposits and glomerular damage is a key mechanism of pathology in C3 glomerulopathy (C3G). No disease-specific treatments are currently available for C3G. Therapeutics inhibiting complement are emerging as a potential strategy for the treatment of C3G. In this study, we investigated the effects of N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc)–conjugated small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting the C3 component of complement that inhibits liver C3 expression in the C3G model of mice with heterozygous deficiency of factor H (Cfh+/− mice). We showed a duration of action for GalNAc-conjugated C3 siRNA in reducing the liver C3 gene expression in Cfh+/− mice that were dosed s.c. once a month for up to 7 mo. C3 siRNA limited fluid-phase alternative pathway activation, reducing circulating C3 fragmentation and activation of factor B. Treatment with GalNAc-conjugated C3 siRNA reduced glomerular C3d deposits in Cfh+/− mice to levels similar to those of wild-type mice. Ultrastructural analysis further revealed the efficacy of the C3 siRNA in slowing the formation of mesangial and subendothelial electron-dense deposits. The present data indicate that RNA interference–mediated C3 silencing in the liver may be a relevant therapeutic strategy for treating patients with C3G associated with the haploinsufficiency of complement factor H.
Trends in Pediatric Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: The Effect of COVID-19
Authors: Kiani Sara N. , Yellin Joseph L. , Houlihan Nathan V. , Talwar Divya , Shea Kevin G. , Ganley Theodore J.
Published: March 2022

Context

The number of pediatric anterior cruciate ligament reconstructions (ACLRs) occurring yearly increased almost 6-fold from 2004–2014. We find it interesting that limited recent data exist on rates of ACL injury and reconstruction in children and adolescents, especially in the context of COVID-19.

Objective

Given the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on youth sports seasons and the postponement of many elective surgeries, we sought to examine the changes in rates of ACLR during this period.

Design

Retrospective cohort study.

Setting

This study used the Pediatric Health Information System (PHIS) database to identify eligible patients at PHIS-participating hospitals nationwide from January 2016–June 2021, with March 1, 2020, considered the start of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Patients or Other Participants

Using Current Procedural Terminology codes, patients 18 years old and younger who underwent ACLR surgery were identified.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

Patient demographics and overall rates of surgery prepandemic and intrapandemic were compared. Data were analyzed using bivariate, mixed-model, and time series analyses.

Results

A total of 24 843 ACLRs were identified during this time period. In total, 1853 fewer surgeries than expected were performed after March 2020 given prepandemic trends. Intrapandemic demographics revealed an increase in the proportion of patients who identified as White and with private insurance and a decrease in the proportion who identified as Black and with public insurance. Also, the proportion of ACLRs by region shifted, with more surgeries performed in the Midwest and fewer in the Northeast. In the model adjusted for hospital-level variability, only race and insurance status remained significant.

Conclusions

Based on prepandemic trends, fewer patients than projected underwent ACLR once the pandemic began, likely due to a combination of decreased rates of injury and delayed surgery.
Hexadecanoic acid-enriched extract of Halymenia durvillei induces apoptotic and autophagic death of human triple-negative breast cancer cells by upregulating ER stress
Authors: Sangpairoj Kant , Settacomkul Rapeewan , Siangcham Tanapan , Meemon Krai , Niamnont Nakorn , Sornkaew Nilubon , Tamtin Montakan , Sobhon Prasert , Vivithanaporn Pornpun
Published: March 2022

Objective:

To investigate the effect of the hexane solvent fraction of Halymenia durvillei (HDHE) on triple-negative breast cancer.

Methods:

The phytochemical profile of HDHE was investigated by GC-MS. The cytotoxicity of HDHE against MDA-MB-231 cells was determined. The apoptotic and autophagic effects of HDHE were analyzed. The expression of molecular markers controlling apoptosis, autophagy, DNA damage, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress was determined.

Results:

HDHE contains a mixture of fatty acids, mainly hexadecanoic acid. HDHE at a cytotoxic concentration induced apoptotic death of MDA-MB-231 cells through mitochondrial membrane dysfunction, and induction of apoptosis markers, and increased the expression of proteins related to DNA damage response. HDHE also induced the expression of LC-3, a marker of autophagic cell death at a cytotoxic concentration. Moreover, HDHE modulated the expression of ER stress genes.

Conclusions:

The hexadecanoic acid-enriched extract of Halymenia durvillei promotes apoptosis and autophagy of human triple-negative breast cancer cells. This extract may be further explored as an anticancer agent for triple-negative breast cancer.