bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Preferred Orientation Patterns of Phyllosilicates in Surface Clays
Authors: Wenk H.-R. , Vasin R.
Published: September 2017

The alignment of phyllosilicates in clays has received a lot of attention because it is a major cause of seismic anisotropy in the Earth’s crust. Thus far, all attention has been on shales where the orientation pattern has been attributed to compaction and observed to increase with burial depth and diagenetic processes. Here, for the first time, the same methods that were developed to quantify shale preferred orientation were applied to clays forming in surface environments, a seasonal streambed in Death Valley, California; a mudpool from mud volcanoes in Imperial Valley, California, close to the Salton Sea; and a glacial lake from Val Albigna in the Swiss Alps. Preferred orientation was analyzed quantitatively with high-energy synchrotron X-ray diffraction. All three samples showed strong alignment of phyllosilicates with (001) pole figure maxima 2–4 multiples of a random distribution, comparable to shales, and indicating that significant preferred orientation can be produced at surface conditions. The original alignment during sedimentation may be an important factor for the final microstructure in many shales.
Dry needling the masseter muscle in the treatment of myofascial pain: case reports
Authors: Reis Larissa De Oliveira , De Oliveira Diego Azi , Dias Isabela Maddalena , Leite Isabel Cristina Gonçalves , Leite Fabíola Pessoa Pereira
Published: September 2017

The aim of this study was to evaluate treatment with dry needling (AS) in the masseter muscle of patients diagnosed with myofascial pain as the pain symptoms and the mouth opening (AB). After sample size calculation, we selected 10 patients referred for treatment of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) diagnosed with MP, with or without limited mouth opening according to Axis I of the RDC/TMD, who underwent six DN sessions, once a week. Pain measurement using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and an evaluation of the extent of mouth opening were done. All participants were female and the average age was 39.2 years, with 8 (80%) having a diagnosis of myofascial pain with limited mouth opening and 2 (20%) with only myofascial pain. Maximum unaided opening without pain before treatment was 31.9 mm and went to 36.2 mm, and the maximum unaided opening went from 39.6 mm to 43.1 mm. In both, however, could not find statistical significance (p> 0.05). Regarding the mean weekly VAS value, this went from 8.3 before treatment to 2.3 a week later, with statistically significant results (p < 0.05). In this study, the AS in the masseter muscle presented is a therapeutic alternative in the treatment of myofascial pain. KeywordsTemporomandibular joint; Temporomandibular Joint Disorders; Dry needling; Trigger points; Myofascial pain.
Stress and strain distributions on short implants with two different prosthetic connections – an in vitro and in silico analysis
Authors: Tribst João Paulo Mendes , Dal Piva Amanda Maria de Oliveira , Rodrigues Vinicius Anéas , Borges Alexandre Luiz Souto , Nishioka Renato Sussumo
Published: September 2017

Objective: An ideal biomechanics minimizes the stress between implant and bone that can provide success for osseointegrated implants. This study evaluated the strain concentration in surrounding tissue and stress in the components of two implants with different prosthetic connections through an in vitro and in silico methods. Methods: Twenty  polyurethane blocks were divided into two groups (n=10) followed by the installation of internal hexagon (IH) (AS Technology – Titanium Fix, São José dos Campos, Brazil) or locking taper implants (LT) (Bicon Dental Implants). For strain gauge (SG) method, four sensors were placed around the implants. For finite element analysis (FEA), the same block was modeled and analyzed. An axial load (30 kgf) was applied for both methodologies.  The values of stress and strain were analyzed for correlation to SG. Results: For SG, LT presented a mean of strain most aggressive (-932) than IH (-632). For FEA, LT showed less stress (-547) then IH (-1169).  Conclusion:  For two implant’s system, microstrain values capable to induce unwanted bone remodeling were not measured.  However, for IH implant, the presence of a retention screw has the disadvantage to concentrate stress while a solid abutment dissipates the axial load through the implant that suggests a better performance for LT group. Keywords: Finite elements analyses; Dental implant; Strain gauge.
Editorial Board
Authors: Gonçalves Sergio Eduardo de Paiva
Published: September 2017

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Zur Kooperation zwischen Behörden und Zivilgesellschaft in der Unterstützung Geflüchteter
Authors: Daphi Priska
Published: September 2017

Der Zusammenarbeit zwischen Behörden und Zivilgesellschaft wird oft eine hohe Bedeutung in der Unterstützung Geflüchteter beigemessen. Angesichts dieser hohen Erwartungen wirft dieser Beitrag einen differenzierten Blick auf diese Kooperation und beleuchtet dabei die Potentiale und Bedenken, die von beiden Seiten abgewogen werden. Der Beitrag weist zum einen auf die Vielfalt von Kooperationsformen und -motiven hin. Zum anderen macht er deutlich, dass sich in der Definition einer guten Kooperation die grundsätzliche Frage nach dem Verhältnis zwischen Zivilgesellschaft und staatlicher Politik verbirgt.
Asyl, eine Frage der Kultur?
Authors: Graf Laura
Published: September 2017

Der Begriff der ‚Willkommenskultur‘ ist seit 2015 gesamtgesellschaftlich präsent. Von wem wird er genutzt, und mit welchen Absichten? Der Beitrag resümiert die mediale und politische Verhandlung von Ehrenamt im Rahmen der sogenannten ‚Flüchtlingskrise‘ nach 2015. Zu konstatieren sind in diesem Zusammenhang nicht nur die Nutzbarmachung von Engagement für ein Krisennarrativ der Überforderung, sondern auch Tendenzen der Entprofessionalisierung Sozialer Arbeit und staatliche Disziplinierungsversuche zivilgesellschaftlichen Engagements. Gleichzeitig finden im Schatten der ‚Willkommenskultur‘ drastische Entrechtungen Asylsuchender statt. Vor diesem Hintergrund steht ehrenamtliches Engagement vor der Herausforderung, eine politische und demokratische Rolle einzunehmen und zu verteidigen.
The emergence of the Ladakhi inferential and experiential markers from a marker for admirativity (non-commitment): the case ofḥdugandsnaŋ
Authors: Zeisler Bettina
Published: September 2017

The Ladakhi inferential markers /-suk/ ~ /-sok/ and /-tok/ ~ /-tuk/ can be shown to be related to the Old and Classical Tibetan verbḥdug, originally a lexical verb with the meaning ‘stay, live, sit’. The development ofḥduginto auxiliaries for the opposite evidential values of external direct knowledge (or immediate sense perception) and of indirect knowledge (or inferences) in various modern Tibetic dialects has a parallel in the development of the Classical Tibetan verbsnaŋ, originally ‘shine, appear’ into auxiliaries for both direct and indirect knowledge in some Balti and Ladakhi varieties. This parallel development indicates that the dominant factor underlying the choice of the auxiliaries is not a question of sources of knowledge and access channels (evidentiality) but a speaker’s attitude of commitment or non-commitment (admirativity)
Microbial and classic food web components under ice cover in eutrophic lakes of different morphometry and fisheries management
Authors: Kalinowska Krystyna , Napiórkowska-Krzebietke Agnieszka , Bogacka-Kapusta Elżbieta , Hutorowicz Joanna , Pyka Jakub , Stawecki Konrad , Kapusta Andrzej , Chybowski Łucjan
Published: September 2017

The thickness and duration of ice cover are strongly influenced by global warming. The aim of this study was to determine chemical (organic carbon, total nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations) and biological (nanoflagellates, ciliates, phytoplankton, rotifers, crustaceans) parameters under the ice cover in three eutrophic lakes (Masurian Lake District, Poland), differing in their morphometry and fisheries management. All the studied groups of organisms showed high variability over a short time. Taxonomic composition of planktonic communities, except for rotifers and phytoplankton, was similar in all lakes. Nanoflagellates were dominated by autotrophic forms, while ciliates were primarily composed of small oligotrichs and prostomatids. Nano-sized diatoms and mixotrophic cryptophytes were the most important components of phytoplankton and they formed an under-ice bloom in one lake only. Rotifers were mainly represented by Keratella cochlearis, Polyarthra dolichoptera and Asplanchna priodonta. Among crustaceans, copepods clearly dominated over cladocerans. Our research suggests that winter was a very dynamic period. In the under-ice conditions, pelagic organisms were strongly dependent on each other. The shallow lake and the deeper, small lake differed significantly in nutrient and chlorophyll concentrations, ciliate and phytoplankton biomass and the ratio of autotrophic to heterotrophic biomass. These results suggest that morphometric parameters may affect planktonic organisms during the ice-covered period.
Baltic Sea Holocene evolution based on OSL and radiocarbon dating: evidence from a sediment core from the Arkona Basin (the southwestern Baltic Sea)
Authors: Kostecki Robert , Moska Piotr
Published: September 2017

The paper presents the chronology of the Holocene evolution of the Baltic Sea based on the optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) and radiocarbon dating methods applied to a core taken from the Arkona Basin. The dating results were supplemented by grain size and geochemical analysis. The obtained results of OSL and radiocarbon dating enabled the construction of an age-depth model and confirmed the continuous sedimentation since 9900 cal yrs BP. One of the most interesting findings of this study is a clear relationship between the rate of sedimentation and fluctuations in the energy of depositional environment. The analyzed sediment core revealed two sections of different accumulation rates. The bottom section was deposited until 2700 cal yrs BP when the Ancylus Lake and the Littorina Sea were present, characterized by the accumulation rate estimated at around 0.46 mm year-1 and the dynamic sedimentation environment confirmed by grain size parameters. The accumulation rate at the top section deposited during the Post-Littorina Sea stage was estimated at around 1 mm year-1. This stage, characterized by more stable deposition and lower-energy environment conditions, was confirmed by small grain size, symmetric skewness and increasing content of organic matter.
Correlation between δ13C and δ15N in flying fish (Exocoetus volitans) muscle and scales from the South China Sea
Authors: Wu Libin , Xu Liqiang , Sun Jing , Wang Xueying , Wei Yangyang , Li Yeling , Liu Xiaodong
Published: September 2017

We collected flying fish (Exocoetus volitans) from the South China Sea to determine whether fish scale isotope values correlate with those from muscle, and discuss relevant eco-environmental implications. A significant positive correlation was determined between fish scales and muscle δ13C and δ15N, rendering a fish scale an alternative to muscle tissue for stable isotope analysis. However, muscle and scale isotopic offsets should be fully considered when using δ13C and δ15N to analyze the actual trophic level of fish and their food source. The average offsets of δ13C and δ15N between muscles and scales are -2.1 ± 0.5‰ and 2.3 ± 0.6‰, respectively, though these values vary slightly with fish mass. Weak correlations were found between δ13C and δ15N, both in the flying fish muscle and scales, suggesting that other factors are influencing δ13C and δ15N. Fish δ15N also correlates with the size of individuals, while δ13C reflects the marine habitat. Based on our data, it appears that more eco-environmental processes can be revealed from modern or ancient flying fish scales.
Structural and IR-spectroscopic characterization of cadmium and lead(II) acesulfamates
Authors: Echeverría Gustavo A. , Piro Oscar E. , Parajón-Costa Beatriz S. , Baran Enrique J.
Published: September 2017

Cadmium and lead(II) acesulfamate, Cd(C4H4NO4S)2·2H2O and Pb(C4H4NO4S)2, were prepared by the reaction of acesulfamic acid and the respective metal carbonates in aqueous solution, and characterized by elemental analysis. Their crystal structures were determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction methods. The Cd(II) compound crystallizes in the monoclinic space groupP21/cwithZ=4 and the corresponding Pb(II) salt in the triclinic space groupP1̅ withZ=2. In both salts, acesulfamate acts both as a bi-dentate ligand through its nitrogen and carbonyl oxygen atoms and also as a mono-dentate ligand through this same oxygen atom, giving rise to polymeric structures; in the Pb(II) salt the ligand also binds the cation through its sulfoxido oxygen atoms. The FTIR spectra of the compounds were recorded and are briefly discussed. Some comparisons with other related acesulfamate and saccharinate complexes are made.
Wahlfreiheiten und Autonomieschranken bei der Deckung von Unterkunftsbedarfen durch die Grundsicherung
Authors: Krapp Max-Christopher , von Malottki Christian
Published: September 2017

Welfare benefit recipients receive support to cover their housing costs. Restricted by a defined amount of money, they are free to act on the rental housing market. The idea is that they should be able to pursue their own housing preferences. Even though this policy contains a variety of autonomy-friendly elements, the housing market nonetheless entails several barriers to autonomy. We find that a broader scope of housing policy is required due to the lack of steering possibilities trough welfare benefits.
PENGGUNAAN JOB SAFETY ANALYSIS DALAM IDENTIFIKASI RISIKO KECELAKAAN KERJA DI BAGIAN WORKSHOP PT. TOTAL DWI DAYA KOTA SEMARANG
Authors: Bramasto Tegar , Zainafree Intan
Published: September 2017

Abstrak

 

Setiap tempat kerja selalu mempunyai risiko kemungkinan terjadinya kecelakaan dan penyakit akibat kerja. Sebagai upaya pengendalian risiko kecelakaan dan penyakit akibat kerja, perlu diidentifikasi sumber bahaya yang ada di tempat kerja dan dievaluasi tingkat risikonya serta dilakukan pengendalian yang memadai. Insiden kecelakaan dan cedera di tempat kerja dapat dikurangi dengan penggunaan Job Safety Analysis. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui potensi bahaya serta pengendalian yang tepat pada bagian workshop PT. Total Dwi Daya. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan observasional. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah data primer hasil observasi pada proses kerja dan wawancara kepada supervisor, serta data sekunder yang digunakan yaitu instruksi kerja dan data kecelakaan kerja. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa risiko kecelakaan kerja yang terdapat pada bagian workshop yaitu: kejang otot, terkena plat jatuh, terkilir, terpeleset,terjepit plat, terjepit mesin, tersengat listrik, terbentur mesin, tersayat plat, tersambar plat, terkena permukaan panas, terkena api, menghirup asap, tersandung kabel, terkena gerinda, terkena percikan api, tersambar pipa, terkena mata bor, tertimpa, terkena steelwool, terkena paku, tersandung plat, terkena pisau dan tergores. Saran untuk PT. Total Dwi Daya yaitu peningkatan pengawasan terhadap pekerja serta pelatihan pembuatan Job Safety Analysis

 

Abstract

 

Every workplace always have risk and possibility of accidents and occupational diseases. In an effort to control

the risk of accidents and occupational diseases, sources of hazards that exist in the workplace need to be

identified, evaluated its level of risk and proper control. The incident of accident and injury at work can be

reduced by using Job Safety Analysis. The purpose of this research was to understand the potential of danger

and right control of it in workshop division Total Dwi Daya Corporation. Thisstudy was using qualitative

descriptive research with observational approach. Primary data used in this research were observation in

working process and interview with supervisor. Secondary data were work instruction and accident data.

Conclusion of this research, potential dangers found in workshop division were: muscle spasms, hit by fallen

plate, sprains, slips, squished by plate, squished by machine, electric shock, collide, cut by plate, strucked by plate, exposed to hot surfaces, exposed to fire, smoke inhalation, tripping over wires, grinding exposed, exposed to sparks, struck pipe, drill hit, exposed nails and scraped. Suggestions for Total Dwi Daya Corporation are raising a control of workers and training Job Safety Analysis training.
PENGARUH STRETCHING TERHADAP NYERI PUNGGUNG BAWAH DAN LINGKUP GERAK SENDI PADA PENYADAP GETAH KARET PT PERKEBUNAN NUSANTARA IX (PERSERO) KENDAL
Authors: Astuti Sapto Jeny , Koesyanto Herry
Published: September 2017

Abstrak

 

Nyeri Punggung Bawah merupakan keluhan otot yang menjadi penyebab utama disabilitas, penurunan kualitas hidup dan keluhan utama bagi pekerja yang datang ke pelayanan kesehatan. Pekerja penyadapan getah karet PTPN IX (Persero) Kebun Merbuh Kendal berisiko tinggi terhadap nyeri punggung bawah. Nyeri punggung terjadi karena sikap dan beban kerja yang terlalu tinggi ditambah dengan peregangan otot yang tidak cukup bagi pekerja. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah membandingkan tingkat keluhan nyeri punggung dan lingkup gerak sendi dengan pelatihan peregangan dan tanpa pelatihan peregangan. Jenis penelitian ini adalah eksperimen semu dengan rancangan Nonequivalent control group design yang melibatkan 1 kelompok intervensi dan 1 kelompok kontrol. Responden penelitian ini adalah 60 orang penyadap getah karet. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah pedoman peregangan nyeri punggung bawah, skala pengukuran nyeri Visual Analog Scale dan Rapid Entire Body Assesment (REBA). Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan uji Mann-Whitney. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa latihan peregangan mempengaruhi nyeri punggung bawah (nilai p adalah 0,066>0,05). Namun latihan peregangan tidak berpengaruh terhadap lingkup gerak sendi (nilai p adalah 0,001<0,005) pada pekerja penyadapan getah karet PTPN IX (Persero) Kebun Merbuh Kendal.

 

Abstract

 

Lower Back Pain is a complaint in the muscles that becomes major cause of disability, decreased quality of life

and the main complaint for workers who come to health service. Latex Wiretapping Workers PTPN IX

(Persero) Garden Merbuh Kendal have high risk of back pain. Back pain occurs due to the abnormal work

posture and higher workload and couples with inadequate stretching for workers. The purpose of this study wasto compare the level of back pain and range of motion with and without stretching exercises. The kind of this research were Quasy Experiment with Non-equivalent control group design which consists of 1 intervention

groups and 1 control group. There was 60 respondents in this research that consists of latex wiretapping

workers. The instruments used were a low back pain stretching guideline, pain measurement scale with Visual

Analogue Scale (VAS) and Rapid Entire Body Assesment (REBA). Data analysis was performed using the

Mann-Whitney test. The results of this study showed that stretching exercise has influence for level of back pain

(p-value 0.066>0.05) While the other result showed that stretching exercise has no influence for range of motion  (p-value 0.001<0.05) in the latex wiretapping workersPTPN IX (Persero) Merbuh Garden, Kendal
FAKTOR RISIKO YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KEJADIAN PREEKLAMPSIA PADA IBU HAMIL (STUDI KASUS DI RSUD KABUPATEN BREBES TAHUN 2014)
Authors: Saraswati Nuning , Mardiana Mardiana
Published: September 2017

Abstrak

 

Kejadian preeklampsia di Kabupaten Brebes meningkat dari tahun ke tahun. Pada tahun 2011 sebanyak 215 kasus (1.547 persalinan), tahun 2012 sebanyak 170 kasus (1.957 persalinan), tahun 2013 sebanyak 225 kasus (1.811 persalinan) dan tahun 2014 sampai dengan bulan September sebanyak 180 kasus (1.316 persalinan). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan kejadian preeklampsia pada ibu hamil di RSUD Kabupaten Brebes tahun 2014. Jenis penelitian ini adalah survey analitik dengan pendekatan case control . Sampel sejumlah 145 orang untuk masing-masing kelompok kasus dan kontrol yang diambil dengan teknik simple random sampling. Analisis data menggunakan uji chi square dengan derajat kemaknaan (α) = 0,05. Hasil penelitian menunujukan bahwa faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan kejadian preeklampsia adalah umur (p value = 0,0001; OR = 15,731), status gravida (p value = 0,009; OR = 2,173), riwayat keturunan ( p value = 0,033; OR = 2,618), pemeriksaan antenatal ( p value = 0,0001; OR = 17,111), riwayat preeklampsia (p value = 0,0001; OR = 20,529), riwayat hipertensi ( p value = 0,0001; OR = 6,026). Variabel yang tidak berhubungan adalah jenis pekerjaan, tingkat pendidikan, riwayat diabetes mellitus, dan riwayat kehamilan ganda.

 

Abstract

 

The incidence of preeclampsia in Brebes District was increasing from year to year. In 2011 there were 215 cases

(1,547 births), in 2012 there were 170 cases (1,957 births), in 2013 there were 225 cases (1,811 births) and until September 2014 there were 180 cases (2,316 births). The purpose of this research was to determine the risk factors associated with the incidence of preeclampsia in pregnant women from Brebes district hospital in 2014. This research was an analytical survey with case control approach. The total sample was 145 people for each case and control group which was taken with simple random sampling technique. The data was analyzed using chi-square test with α = 0,05. The results of this research showed that the risk factors associated with the incidence of preeclampsia was age (p value = 0,0001; OR = 15,731), gravida status (p value = 0,009; OR = 2,173), heredity

profile (p value = 0,033; OR = 2,618), antenatal examination (p value = 0,0001; OR = 17,111), history of preeclampsia (p value = 0,0001; OR = 20,529), history of hypertension (p value = 0,0001; OR = 6,026). The variables that were not related was the type of work, level of education, history of diabetes mellitus, and history of multiple pregnancy.
DIARY TERATAS (TERAPI ANAK OBESITAS) DALAM PERUBAHAN PERILAKU GIZI SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Ayu Destya Sekar , Kasmini Handayani Oktia Woro
Published: September 2017

Obesitas merupakan suatu keadaan yang melebihi dari berat badan relatif seseorang sebagai akibat penumpukan zat gizi terutama karbohidrat, lemak dan protein. Obesitas  pada anak sekolah merupakan masalah serius karena akan berlanjut hingga usia dewasa serta merupakan faktor risiko terjadinya penyakit metabolik dan degeneratif. Upaya pencegahan dan terapi obesitas pada anak dapat dilakukan dengan cara pengaturan diet, peningkatan aktifitas fisik dan mengubah pola hidup atau perilaku. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan media Diary TERATAS (Terapi Anak Obesitas) yang berisi pedoman dan rekam jejak diet terhadap perubahan perilaku gizi pada siswa sekolah dasar. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian pra eksperimen dengan rancangan one group pre-test post-test design. Populasi penelitian ini adalah semua siswa kelas 5 SD Islam Al Azhar 14 Kota Semarang yang masuk dalam kategori obesitas. Pada penelitian ini digunakan total sampling. Jumlah responden adalah 32 siswa. Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat dan bivariat (wilcoxon). Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan hasil signifikansi antara nilai pre-test dan post-test adalah 0,000. Nilai p (0,000) < 0,05, maka pemberian media Diary TERATAS (Terapi Anak Obesitas) mampu mengubah perilaku gizi siswa di SD Islam Al Azhar 14 Kota Semarang.

 

Obesity was a condition when the body weight of a person was more than the relative body weight as the result of the accumulation of nutrients especially carbohydrate, fat and protein. Obesity in school children was a serious problem since it would continue until they were adult and it was also the factor of metabolic and degenerative disease. The prevention and control of obesity in school children could be done by putting them on diet, increasing their physical activities, and changing their life styles or their behaviors. This study aimed to determine the effect of the use of “Diary TERATAS” (Terapi Anak Obesitas) which contained the guidance and track records of diet in changing nutritional behavior of elementary students. This research was pre-experiment research with one group pre-test post-test design. The population was 5th graders of Islamic Elementary School of Al Azhar 14 Semarang with obese category. It used total sampling with 32 students as respondents. Data analysis used univariate and bivariate (Wilcoxon). From the research, it showed significance between the pre-test and post-test was 0.000. P-value (0.000) <0.05, therefore “Diary TERATAS” (Terapi Anak Obesitas) provision capable in changing nutritional behavior of Islamic Elementary School of Al Azhar 14 Semarang students.
GAMBARAN PERILAKU PENCEGAHAN HIV DAN AIDS PADA LELAKI SUKA LELAKI (LSL) DI KOTA KUPANG TAHUN 2014
Authors: Kana Indah M.P , Nayoan Christina R , Limbu Ribka
Published: September 2017

HIV prevalence among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Indonesia increasing time to time, 7% in 2009 to 12,8% in 2013. The high prevalence of HIV in this population is associated with the low level of prevention, because as lack of information and low condom use. The purpose of this study was to obtained in-depth information about the behavior of HIV and AIDS prevention in MSM assessed the intention, social support, access to information, personal autonomy, and action situation. Design of this study is descriptive using qualitative approach. Five informants were selected by purposive sampling from IMOF Kupang Community for indepth interview, using guidance structured interview. The result was transcipted then classified according to the themes that emerged. The results shows that informants were attitude, subjective norm, and behavior control the influencing their intention to HIV and AIDS prevention. MSM obtained social support from the MSM community friends and KPA, the support are emotional support and information. Informants get the information about HIV and AIDS from socialiszations and mass media (internet). The informants also have their own initiatives for preventing HIV and AIDS (using condoms during sex). Health services can be accessed easily by the informant because there is a cooperation with the health institution. From this research it can be concluded that informants have a good intention, social support, the availability of information acces, personal autonomy and action situation to prevent HIV and AIDS.
KAJIAN STRATEGI PROMOSI KESEHATAN SANITASI TOTAL BERBASIS MASYARAKAT (STBM) DI KELURAHAN TIRTO KECAMATAN PEKALONGAN BARAT KOTA PEKALONGAN
Authors: Indriyani Yulis , Yuniarti Yuniarti , Nur Latif Rr Vita
Published: September 2017

Latar Belakang: Sanitasi Total Berbasis Masyarakat (STBM) merupakan pendekatan untuk mengubah perilaku higienis dan saniter melalui pemberdayaan masyarakat dengan cara pemicuan. Fenomena yang terjadi di Kelurahan Tirto masih terdapat perilaku BABS sebanyak 84 KK, perilaku buang sampah secara sembarangan (di lahan kosong dan sungai), dan mengalirkan limbah cair rumah tangga (limbah deterjen dan air bekas mandi) ke sungai.

Tujuan penelitian: Mengkaji secara mendalam strategi promosi kesehatan (advokasi, bina suasana, dan pemberdayaan masyarakat) STBM di Kelurahan Tirto Kecamatan Pekalongan Barat Kota Pekalongan. Rancangan penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi kasus dengan desain eksploratoris kualitatif.

Hasil penelitian: Pencapaian lima pilar  STBM di Kelurahan Tirto belum maksimal yaitu pada pilar stop BABS dan pilar pengelolaan limbah cair rumah tangga secara aman. Terdapat beberapa hambatan yang mempengaruhi hasil capaian tersebut diantaranya konsistensi komitmen yang tegas belum diterapkan bagi pelaku yang mengalirkan pembuangan feses ke sungai, belum adanya pelatihan teknis STBM bagi tokoh masyarakat, metode CLTS bersifat terbatas di satu RW, dan masyarakat Kelurahan Tirto belum mengoptimalkan swadaya atau iuran secara kolektif untuk menyediakan penambahan sarana sanitasi berupa septic tank dan bak penampungan.

Saran: Pertama, penerapan punishment dari Kelurahan Tirto untuk mencapai Kelurahan ODF bagi pelaku yang mengalirkan pembuangan feses ke sungai. Kedua, pertemuan untuk menjalin koordinasi antara Pemerintah Kota Pekalongan dan Pemerintah Kabupaten Pekalongan untuk bersama mengelola limbah cair rumah tangga secara aman. Ketiga,  pelatihan teknis STBM bagi tokoh masyarakat untuk mencapai perilaku buang air besar secara sehat di Kelurahan Tirto. Keempat, penambahan bak penampungan limbah cair rumah tangga melalui swadaya masyarakat.
PROFIL POTENSI PENYAKIT AKIBAT KERJA TAHAPAN PEMBATIKAN
Authors: Latif Rr. Vita Nur , Ristiawati Ristiawati , Istiqomah Nor
Published: September 2017

Abstrak

 

Batik diakui UNESCO sebagai budaya milik Indonesia. Pembatikan masih menggunakan bahan baku berbahaya. Salah satu tuntutan AFTA (ASEAN Free Trade Area) 2015 yaitu meningkatkan kualitas dan perlindungan produk dalam negeri (batik) untuk dapat bersaing dengan produk luar negeri, dimana dalam proses produksinya memperhatikan aspek kesehatan dan keselamatan kerjanya. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi gangguan kesehatan yang muncul pada tahapan pembatikan yang nantinya dapat menjadi dasar rekomendasi substitusi bahan dan metode dalam tahapan pembatikan. Penelitian ini berupa survey analitik dengan metode deskriptif analitik. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh pekerja industri batik di Kota Pekalongan pada 634 industri batik. Sampel pada penelitian ini sejumlah 80 responden yang diambil secara random sampling. Ditemukan gangguan kesehatan pada pekerja batik berupa gangguan kapasitas paru 67,5%; penurunan fungsi penglihatan 33,8%; dermatitis ekstrimitas 30%. Sebaran pekerja dengan gangguan kapasitas paru, penurunan fungsi penglihatan, dan dermatitis ekstrimitas terbanyak ditemukan pada tahap pelekatan lilin, berturut-turut 64,8%; 48,1%; dan 66,7%.

 

Abstract

 

Batik is recognized by UNESCO as Indonesian indigenous culture. Batik processing was still using dangerous

material. One of AFTA 2015 requirements was to increase quality and protectionto domestic product for

commpeting with foreign product, whith paying attention to health and safety. This study aimed to identify

health disorders in batik processing for being the rasionale for material and method substitution

recommandation in batik processing. This was descriptive analitic survey. The population was all workers in

all batik industries (634 industries) in Pekalongan City. There were 80 respondents which were choosen

ramdomly as sample. It was indentified that the health disorders in batik industries workers were vital lung

capacity abnormalities (33.8%), optical degeneration and dermatitis extremities (30%). Health disorders were

mostly found in waxing process; they were vital lung capacity abnormalities (64.8%), optical degeneration

(48.1%) and dermatitis extremities (66.7%).
EFEKTIVITAS AROMATERAPI BITTER ORANGE TERHADAP NYERI POST PARTUM SECTIO CAESAREA
Authors: Utami Sri
Published: September 2017

Surgery that causes severe pain physiological response as compared to a normal delivery was called sectio caesarea. The alternative to reduce pain with bitter orange aroma therapy. Bitter orange aroma therapy is to give the effect of reducing the muscle tensions and stress the body as a whole with the goal of keeping the body and mind into a relaxed. This research was aimed to explore the effectiveness of bitter orange aroma therapy for reduction pain in post partum sectio caesarea. The method used this research was quasi experimental with pre test and post test design with control group. The instruments used numeric rating scale to measure pain intensity. The sampling technique used purposive sampling where the quantity of research sample 34 respondents which are divided into 2 groups, namely intervention group and control group. bitter orange aroma therapy carried out for 15 minutes each day for 2 days. The univariate analysis was conducted to show pain distribution and bivariate analysis was conducted by Wicoxon and Mann Whitney. The result show that after bitter orange aroma therapy was applied towards intervered group, it was obtained that mean of respondents category pain was reducing at 3,44 (low pain) with the reduction was 1,47 and mean of post partum sectio caesarea pain without given bitter orange aroma therapy in control group was 4,82 (moderate pain) with the reduction was 0. The statistic showed up p value (0,000)< 0,05 which mean that kneading techniques effective to reduce pain of post partum sectio caesarea. Based on the result, bitter orange aroma therapy can be recommended as nursing intervention of post partum sectio caesarea.
ANALISIS KEBUTUHAN DAN PERANCANGAN “RONDA JENTIK” SEBAGAI MODEL PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT DALAM PEMBERANTASAN SARANG NYAMUK
Authors: Azam Mahalul , Azinar Muhammad , Fibriana Arulita Ika
Published: September 2017

Abstrak

 

Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) sering menimbulkan wabah dan kematian. Kasus DBD di Kabupaten Demak selalu meningkat dan 75% wilayah di Demak endemis DBD. Demak Kota adalah salah satu kecamatan endemis DBD dengan CFR tertinggi. Pemerintah telah melakukan berbagai upaya, namun belum optimal. Pemberdayaan masyarakat dengan mengaktifkan kembali potensi dan kearifan lokal masyarakat “Ronda Jentik” adalah bentuk inovasi pemberdayaan masyarakat dalam penanggulangan DBD. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian pengembangan dengan pendekatan kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Populasi seluruh rumah di RW 04 Kelurahan Mangunjiwan Kecamatan Demak sejumlah 126 rumah. Responden penelitian adalah ibu rumah

tangga yang ditentukan dengan teknik cluster sampling. Hasil menunjukkan model “Ronda Jentik” relevan dengan permasalahan DBD, dapat menumbuhkan kebersamaan dalam pemberantasan sarang nyamuk, mudah, sesuai dengan budaya lokal, tidak membutuhkan banyak biaya, serta semua anggota masyarakat terlibat sebagai subjek pemantauan dan pemberantasan jentik. Hasil uji coba, model “Ronda Jentik” dapat meningkatkan praktik PSN dan meningkatkan jumlah rumah bebas jentik.

 

Abstract

 

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is a diseasethat often causes epidemic and death. Dengue cases in the Demak Regency always increases and 75% of Demak areas are endemic. Demak Kota is one of endemic sub-districts with the highest CFR. The government has made various efforts, but did not work well. Empowerment by reactivating potential and local wisdom, “Ronda Jentik” is a form of innovation community empowerment in dengue prevention. This is a development research with quantitative and qualitative approach. The population was all houses (146 houses) in RW 04 in Mangunjiwan Village. The respondents were housewives which were taken by cluster sampling. The study states that the "Ronda Jentik" model was relevant to dengue problem, able to foster togetherness in mosquito eradication, easy, similiar to the local cultural, and does not require a lot of costs, and all community members could involve as the subject of larvae monitoring and eradication. "Ronda Jentik" model could improve practices of mosquito eradication and increase the amount of no-larvae houses.
HEALTH BELIEF MODEL DAN KAITANNYA DENGAN KETIDAKPATUHAN TERAPI ANTIRETEROVIRAL PADA ORANG DENGAN HIV/AIDS
Authors: Sisyahid Abdul Kharis , Indarjo Sofwan
Published: September 2017

Antiretroviral (ARV) therapy for people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV) may reduce mortality and improve the quality of life among them. Non-adherence of HIV/AIDS patients in ARV therapy may lead to cease of therapy, increase risk of death, complicate evaluation of ARV services, and increase the risk of ARV resistance if they wish to start over. This study aimed to determine the factors that cause non-adherence to ARV therapy among PLHIV in Pemalang Regency. The research used qualitative method with case study approach. Data collection was conducted through in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation to 6 HIV/ AIDS patients who were listed as non-adherence patient in ARV therapy. Data analysis was done descriptively with triangulation method and data analysis. Results revealed that the factors that cause non-adherence to ARV therapy among PLHIV were lack of vulnerability perception to illness in the future, lack of illness perception among informants about the severity of illness, lack of benefit perception perceived by most informants, and barrier perception of side effects, lack of facilities to access ARV, and pudency that their HIV-positive status was known by others.
FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KEJADIAN KEPUTIHAN PATOLOGIS SISWI SMAN 1 SIMPANG HILIR KABUPATEN KAYONG UTARA
Authors: Abrori Abrori , Hernawan Andri Dwi , Ermulyadi Ermulyadi
Published: September 2017

Vaginal discharge is one of reproductive tract infections that commonly occure among teenage girls. It actually does not need a treatment, but its impact will lead to infertility and cervical cancer. The aim of this study was to determine factors associated with the occurrence of pathologic vaginal discharge among high school girls in Kayong Utara Regency. This study was an analytical obervational research with cross sectional approach. Sampling technique used was simple random sampling. Sample size were 59 respondents. Data were collected by interview using questionnaire. Data analysis was done by chi square test. Results showed that there were significant association between knowledge of vulva hygiene (p=0.036), vaginal cleaning motion (p=0.025), use of vaginal cleanser (p=0.002), tight underwear (p=0.007), and use of public toilets (p=0.021) with pathologic vaginal discharge. There were no significant association between obesity and pathologic vaginal discharge (p=0.587). Factors associated with pathological vaginal discharge were knowledge of vulva hygiene, vaginal cleaning motion, use of vaginal cleanser, use of tight underwear, and use of public toilets.
PERSPEKTIF HAMBATAN TERHADAP KEMUNGKINAN REMAJA BERHENTI MEROKOK
Authors: Wibowo Marsiana
Published: September 2017

Merokok adalah perilaku yang masih sulit untuk dikendalikan dalam rangka investasi kesehatan. Usia remaja adalah usia inisiasi para perokok. Lebih cepat berhenti merokok, akan lebih menekan resiko kesehatan akibat merokok. Anggapan tentang kesulitan berhenti merokok menjadi salah satu tantangan dalam menyiapkan generasi bebas rokok. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui hubungan persepsi hambatan berhenti merokok terhadap kemungkinan berhenti merokok. Peneliti menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional, dengan uji spearman correlation. Hasil menunjukkan hubungan yang negatif namun lemah pada pola hubungan hambatan berhenti merokok dengan kemungkinan remaja perokok untuk berhenti merokok, namun secara statistik bermakna. Memperhatikan pola hubungan ini, berbagai pihak yang terkait sebaiknya lebih menggiatkan upaya dalam mengendalikan pengkonsumsian rokok di kalangan remaja, daril ingkungan keluarga, lingkungan sosial, institusional, dan pemegangan kebijakan.

 

Smoking is a behavior that still hard to control in health investment context. Adolescent is initiation period for smoker. Earlier smoker to stop smoking, will put more benefit to pressure on the health risks of smoking. The assumptions about the difficulty of quitting is one of the challenges in preparing free tobacco generation. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between perception barriers against the possibility of smoking cessation. Researchers used cross sectional approach, with the Spearman correlation test. The results showed a negative relationship but weak on the relationship patterns of barriers to stop smoking with the possibility of adolescent smokers to quit smoking, but statistically significant.Taking into account this relationship pattern, the various stakeholders should further intensify efforts in controlling cigarette consumption among adolescents, from the family environment, the social environment, institutional, and policy enforcement.
ANALISIS POTENSI REDUKSI SAMPAH RUMAH TANGGA UNTUK PENINGKATAN KUALITAS KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN
Authors: Windraswara Rudatin , Prihastuti Dyah Ayu Bunga
Published: September 2017

Pengelolaan sampah perkotaan merupakan salah satu tantangan besar yang harus dihadapi daerah perkotaan di negara-negara berkembang. Dari total 16 kecamatan yang ada di Kota Semarang, salah satu kecamatan yang belum terlayani oleh pengangkutan sampah oleh dinas terkait adalah Kecamatan Gunungpati. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis potensi pengurangan sampah (waste reduction) dengan memperhitungkan aspek ekonomis dari sampah (terutama anorganik) menggunakan survey primer dan kuesioner dengan pengukuran timbulan dan komposisi sampah mengacu pada SNI 19-3964-1994. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa potensi reduksi sampah oleh perumahan permanen adalah sebesar 53% sampah mudah membusuk yang berpotensi untuk pengomposan dan 17% sampah anorganik untuk daur ulang yang bisa memiliki potensi sampai Rp. 672,125 perhari. Potensi reduksi sampah untuk perumahan kos permanen adalah sebesar 16% sampah organik untuk pengomposan dan 47% sampah anorganik untuk daur ulang; timbulan rumah makan/ warung  53% dapat diolah menjadi kompos, serta sebesar 17% akan di daur ulang dengan cara melakukan pengolahan sendiri atau dijual kepada penadah.

 

Municipal solid waste (MSW) is one of the major challenges to be hadled in the urban areas of developing countries. Of the total 16 districts in Semarang City, Gunungpati District has not received waste management service. This study aimed to analyze the potential for waste reduction emphasizing the economic aspect of the household waste in Sekaran village. This descriptive analytical research using primary survey and a questionnaire to measure the composition and trash (refers to the SNI 19-3964-1994). The results of this study indicate that the potential reduction of waste by permanent housing is equal to 53% of the waste (potential for composting) and 17% inorganic waste for recycling that could have the potential to Rp. 672.125 per day. Potential waste reduction from student housing was 16% for composting and 47% inorganic waste for recycling; and restaurant has potential of  53% to be composted, and 17% will be recycled by doing its own processing or sold to private waste collector.
PEMILIHAN KONTRASEPSI BERDASARKAN EFEK SAMPING PADA DUA KELOMPOK USIA REPRODUKSI
Authors: Setiawati Erna , Handayani Oktia Woro Kasmini , Kuswardinah Asih
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT

Kelompok usia reproduksi terbagi dalam tiga fase yaitufase menunda kehamilan (<20 tahun), fase menjarangkan kehamilan (20-30 tahun) dan fase mengakhiri kehamilan (>30 tahun). Cara yang ditempuh yaitu dengan pemakaian kontrasepsi.baik  MKJPmaupunnon MKJP. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui ada atau tidak perbedaan pemilihan kontrasepsi MKJP dan non MKJP berdasarkan efek samping pada dua kelompok usia reproduksi. Penelitin ini menggunakan desain cross sectional, pengambilan data dengan kuesioner. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah akseptor KB baik MKJP maupun non MKJP pada bulan april sampai juni sebanyak 200 responden, dimana tekhnik pengambilan datanya dengan random sampling dan kuota sampling. Hasil penelitian kemudian diuji dengan mann-whitney test.Hasil penelitian dengan uji mann whitney test diperoleh p = 0.662 dengan kata lain p > α (0.05) yang berarti tidak ada perbedaan pemilihan MKJP dan non MKJP berdasarkan efek samping di Wilayah Kabupaten Semarang. 

 

 

ABSTRACT

Reproductive-age category can be divided into three groups which are the group of delayed interval pregnancy (less than 20 years old), the group of intervalcontrol pregnancy (20 to 30 years old), and the group of high risk pregnancy (more than 30 years old). An alternative to avoid high risk pregnancy is by using contraception tool namely long-term contraception (MKJP) and non long-term contraception (non MKJP).The purpose of this research is to analysedwhether there are differences in choosing MKJP and non –MKJP based on side effects in the two reproductive-age groups.This research was an explanatory research with cross-sectional design. The population were all women of contraception acceptors in Semarang Regency.The samples were 200 respondents, used simple random sampling and quota sampling. This research used quisionaire instrument and analyze used mann whitney test (α=0,05). Theresult showed thatP = 0,662 meaning P > α = 0.05 which means there is no difference in choosing MKJP and non-MKJP based on side effects in the two reproduction-age groups in Semarang regency.
ID: 4001 Nanoparticle-based Cancer Therapy
Authors: Tamanoi Fuyu
Published: September 2017

Advances in Nanotechnology have led to the development of a variety of nanomaterials that are changing the way cancer therapy is carried out. A particularly important example is nanoparticle that can carry cargo to tumor. We are using mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) for cancer therapy. MSNs contain thousands of pores that provide storage space for anticancer drugs. These materials are biocompatible and safe. In addition, we have recently introduced biodegradability into MSNs.

 We have shown that MSNs exhibit excellent tumor targeting capability in two different animal model systems (chicken egg tumor model and mouse xenografts). This tumor targeting capability is partly due to its small size; these nano-sized particles can accumulate in tumor due to leaky tumor vasculature. In addition, we have carried out surface modifications to attach ligands that bind receptors present on the surface of cancer cells. For example, folate was attached to the surface that enables binding to folate receptors overexpressed on cancer cells.

 We have also conferred controlled anticancer drug release capability to MSNs in collaboration with Fraser Stoddart and Jeff Zink. This was accomplished by attaching nanovalves at the opening of the pores. Rotaxanes and pseudorotaxanes are used to prepare nanovalves. These chemical compounds consist of a stalk and a moving part. When the moving part is close to the pore opening, the nanovalve is closed. On the other hand, when the moving part is located away from the pore opening, the nanovalve is closed. In this way, the nanovalve provides an open and close function so that controlled release of anticancer drugs can be carried out.

 Light activated nanovalves were developed by incorporating azobenzene into nanovalves. Azobenzene changes conformation upon light exposure and this conformational change opens the nanovalve releasing anticancer drugs in a power and exposure time dependent manner. More recently, this system was modified by incorporating two-photon dyes that can capture energy from two-photon light and transfer to azobenzene to drive the release of anticancer drugs. This enables the system to work with tissue penetrating two-photon light.

 We have also developed nanoparticles that respond to oscillating magnetic field. This system was developed using MSNs that contain iron oxide core. Because of superparamagnetic property of iron oxide, the internal temperature of such nanoparticles increases when exposed to oscillating magnetic field. This temperature increase drives opening of nanovalves that are particularly designed for this purpose. 

 Development of nanoparticles that respond to external cues such as light and magnetic field may change the way cancer therapy is carried out. Implications on the future of cancer therapy will be discussed.