bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pulmonary edema following central nervous system lesions induced by a non- mouse-adapted EV71 strain in neonatal BALB/c mice
Authors: Jin Yuefei , Zhang Chao , Zhang Rongguang , Ren Jingchao , Chen Shuaiyin , Sui Meili , Zhou Guangyuan , Dang Dejian , Zhu Jiehui , Feng Huifen , Xi Yuanlin , Yang Haiyan , Duan Guangcai
Published: December 2017

Background

Enterovirus (EV) infection has been a serious health issue in Asia-Pacific region. It has been indicated that the occurrence of fatal hand foot and mouth disease (HFMD) cases following EV71 infection is mainly attributed to pulmonary edema. However, the development of pulmonary disorders after EV71 infection remains largely unknown. To establish an EV71-infected animal model and further explore the underlying association of central nervous system (CNS) invasion with pulmonary edema, we isolated a clinical source EV71 strain (ZZ1350) from a severe case in Henan Province.

Methods

We evaluated the cytotoxicity of ZZ1350 strain and the susceptibility in 3-day-old BALB/c mice with intraperitoneal, intracerebral and intramuscular inoculation. Various histopathological and immunohistochemical techniques were applied to determine the target organs or tissue damage after infection. Correlation analysis was used to identify the relationship between CNS injury and pulmonary disorders.

Results

Our experimental results suggested that ZZ1350 (C4 subtype) had high cytotoxicity against African green monkey kidney (Vero) cells and human rhabdomyosarcoma (RD) cells and neonatal BALB/c mice were highly susceptible to the infection with ZZ1350 through three different inoculation routes (2 × 106 pfu/mouse) exhibiting severe neurological and respiratory symptoms that were similar to clinical observation. Viral replication was found in brain, spinal cord, skeletal muscle, lung, spleen, liver, heart of infected mice and these sections also showed histopathological changes. We found that brain histology score was positive correlated with lung histology score in total experimental mice and mice under the three inoculation routes (P < 0.05). At the same time, there were positive correlations between spinal cord score and lung score in total experimental mice and mice with intracerebral inoculation (P < 0.05).

Conclusions

ZZ1350 strain is effective to establish animal model of EV71 infection with severe neurological and respiratory symptoms. The development of pulmonary disorders after EV71 infection is associated with severity of CNS damage.
Using incentives to recruit physicians into behavioral trials: lessons learned from four studies
Authors: Mohan Deepika , Rosengart Matthew R. , Fischhoff Baruch , Angus Derek C. , Wallace David J. , Farris Coreen , Yealy Donald M. , Barnato Amber E.
Published: December 2017

Objective

To describe lessons learned from the use of different strategies for recruiting physicians responsible for trauma triage, we summarize recruitment data from four behavioral trials run in the United States between 2010 and 2016.

Results

We ran a series of behavioral trials with the primary objective of understanding the influence of heuristics on physician decision making in trauma triage. Three studies were observational; one tested an intervention. The trials used different methods of recruitment (in-person vs. email), timing of the honorarium (pre-paid vs. conditional on completion), type of honorarium [a $100 gift card (monetary reward) vs. an iPad mini 2 (material incentive)], and study tasks (a vignette-based questionnaire, virtual simulation, and intervention plus virtual simulation). We recruited 989 physicians, asking each to complete a questionnaire or virtual simulation online. Recruitment and response rates were 80% in the study where we approached physicians in person, used a pre-paid material incentive, and required that they complete both an intervention plus a virtual simulation. They were 56% when we recruited physicians via email, used a monetary incentive conditional on completion of the task, and required that they complete a vignette-based questionnaire.

Trial registration clinicaltrials.gov; NCT02857348
CRISPR/Cas9‒Mediated Tspo Gene Mutations Lead to Reduced Mitochondrial Membrane Potential and Steroid Formation in MA-10 Mouse Tumor Leydig Cells
Authors: Fan Jinjiang , Wang Kevin , Zirkin Barry , Papadopoulos Vassilios
Published: December 2017

The outer mitochondrial membrane translocator protein (TSPO) binds cholesterol with high affinity and is involved in mediating its delivery into mitochondria, the rate-limiting step in hormone-induced steroidogenesis. Specific ligand binding to TSPO has been shown to initiate steroid formation. However, recent studies of the genetic deletion of Tspo have provided conflicting results. Here, we address and extend previous studies by examining the effects of Tspo-specific mutations on steroid formation in hormone- and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)–responsive MA-10 cells, using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. Two mutant subcell lines, nG1 and G2G, each carrying a Tspo exon2-specific genome modification, and two control subcell lines, G1 and HH, each carrying a wild-type Tspo, were produced. In response to dibutyryl cAMP, the nG1 and G2G cells produced progesterone at levels significantly lower than those produced by the corresponding control cells G1 and HH. Neutral lipid homeostasis, which provides free cholesterol for steroid biosynthesis, was altered significantly in the Tspo mutant cells. Interestingly, the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) of the Tspo mutant cells was significantly reduced compared with that of the control cells, likely because of TSPO interactions with the voltage-dependent anion channel and tubulin at the outer mitochondrial membrane. Steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (STAR) expression was induced in nG1 cells, suggesting that reduced TSPO affected STAR synthesis and/or processing. Taken together, these results provide further evidence for the critical role of TSPO in steroid biosynthesis and suggest that it may function at least in part via its regulation of ΔΨm and effects on STAR.
Evidence Supporting a Role for Constitutive Ghrelin Receptor Signaling in Fasting-Induced Hyperphagia in Male Mice
Authors: Fernandez Gimena , Cabral Agustina , Andreoli María F , Labarthe Alexandra , M'Kadmi Céline , Ramos Jorge G , Marie Jacky , Fehrentz Jean-Alain , Epelbaum Jacques , Tolle Virginie , Perello Mario
Published: December 2017

Ghrelin is a potent orexigenic peptide hormone that acts through the growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR), a G protein–coupled receptor highly expressed in the hypothalamus. In vitro studies have shown that GHSR displays a high constitutive activity, whose physiological relevance is uncertain. As GHSR gene expression in the hypothalamus is known to increase in fasting conditions, we tested the hypothesis that constitutive GHSR activity at the hypothalamic level drives the fasting-induced hyperphagia. We found that refed wild-type (WT) mice displayed a robust hyperphagia that continued for 5 days after refeeding and changed their food intake daily pattern. Fasted WT mice showed an increase in plasma ghrelin levels, as well as in GHSR expression levels and ghrelin binding sites in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus. When fasting-refeeding responses were evaluated in ghrelin- or GHSR-deficient mice, only the latter displayed an ∼15% smaller hyperphagia, compared with WT mice. Finally, fasting-induced hyperphagia of WT mice was significantly smaller in mice centrally treated with the GHSR inverse agonist K-(D-1-Nal)-FwLL-NH2, compared with mice treated with vehicle, whereas it was unaffected in mice centrally treated with the GHSR antagonists D-Lys3-growth hormone–releasing peptide 6 or JMV2959. Taken together, genetic models and pharmacological results support the notion that constitutive GHSR activity modulates the magnitude of the compensatory hyperphagia triggered by fasting. Thus, the hypothalamic GHSR signaling system could affect the set point of daily food intake, independently of plasma ghrelin levels, in situations of negative energy balance.
Recent advances in the biology and therapy of medullary thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Nelkin Barry
Published: December 2017

Medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) is a relatively uncommon yet prognostically significant thyroid cancer. Several recent advances in the biology and current or potential treatment of MTC are notable. These include a new understanding of the developmental biology of the thyroid C cell, which heretofore was thought to develop from the neural crest. RET, encoded by the most common driver gene in MTC, has been shown to be a dual function kinase, thus expanding its potential substrate repertoire. Promising new therapeutic developments are occurring; many have recently progressed to clinical development. There are new insights into RET inhibitor therapy for MTC. New strategies are being developed to inhibit the RAS proteins, which are potential therapeutic targets in MTC. Potential emerging immunotherapies for MTC are discussed. However, gaps in our knowledge of the basic biology of the C cell, its transformation to MTC, and the mechanisms of resistance to therapy impede progress; further research in these areas would have a substantial impact on the field.
A proposal to change the name of the NBPF/DUF1220 domain to the Olduvai domain
Authors: Sikela James M. , van Roy Frans
Published: December 2017

We are jointly proposing a new name for a protein domain of approximately 65 amino acids that has been previously termed NBPF or DUF1220. Our two labs independently reported the initial studies of this domain, which is encoded almost entirely within a single gene family. The name Neuroblastoma Breakpoint Family (NBPF) was applied to this gene family when the first identified member of the family was found to be interrupted in an individual with neuroblastoma.

Prior to this discovery, the PFAM database had termed the domain DUF1220, denoting it as one of many protein domains of unknown function. It has been PFAM’s intention to use “DUF” nomenclature to serve only as a temporary placeholder until more appropriate names are proposed based on research findings.

We believe that additional studies of this domain, primarily from our laboratories over the past 10 years, have resulted in furthering our understanding of these sequences to the point where proposing a new name for this domain is warranted. Because of considerable data linking the domain to human-specific evolution, brain expansion and cognition, we believe a name reflecting these findings would be appropriate. With this in mind, we have chosen to name the domain (and the repeat that encodes it) Olduvai. The gene family will remain as NBPF for now. The primary domain subtypes will retain their previously assigned names (e.g. CON1-3; HLS1-3), and the three-domain block that expanded dramatically in the human lineage will be termed the Olduvai triplet.

The new name refers to Olduvai Gorge, which is a site in East Africa that has been the source of major anthropological discoveries in the early-mid 1900’s. We also chose the name as a tribute to the scientists who made important contributions to the early studies of human origins and our African genesis.
ADDITIONAL GENERALIZING PROGRAM PREPARATION OF STUDENTS FOR PARTICIPATION OF THE WORD SKILLS CHAMPIONSH
Authors: Ильиных Елена , Ilyinykh Elena
Published: December 2017

The program of psychological preparation of students for participation in the championship "WORD SKILLS". It is aimed at training the participants in the championship skills of volitional regulation, the distribution of tasks on time, the development of skills to work in stressful situations, with a large number of the public and distractions; development of professionally important qualities; the ability to cope with emotional stress, fatigue.
Cultural Brokerage and Creative Performance in Multicultural Teams
Authors: Jang Sujin
Published: December 2017

This paper presents a novel theoretical framework of how members of multicultural teams leverage their diverse knowledge to produce creative outcomes. I develop and test a model of cultural brokerage, which I define as the act of facilitating interactions between actors across cultural boundaries. I find that team members with multicultural backgrounds engage in cultural brokerage on behalf of monocultural team members. Among multiculturals, “cultural insiders” (those whose cultural background overlaps with other team members’) brokered by integrating knowledge from different cultures, whereas “cultural outsiders” (those whose cultural background has no overlap with any other team members’) brokered by eliciting knowledge from different cultures. Both integrating and eliciting significantly enhanced creative performance at the team level. These findings advance our understanding of the process of creativity in culturally diverse teams.
The Use of Electrochemical Biosensors in Food Analysis
Authors: Bunney John , Williamson Shae , Atkin Dianne , Jeanneret Maryn , Cozzolino Daniel , Chapman James , Power Aoife , Chandra Shaneel
Published: December 2017

Rapid and accurate analysis of food produce is essential to screen for species that may cause significant health risks like bacteria, pesticides and other toxins. Considerable developments in analytical techniques and instrumentation, for example chromatography, have enabled the analyses and quantitation of these contaminants. However, these traditional technologies are constrained by high cost, delayed analysis times, expensive and laborious sample preparation stages and the need for highly-trained personnel. Therefore, emerging, alternative technologies, for example biosensors may provide viable alternatives. Rapid advances in electrochemical biosensors have enabled significant gains in quantitative detection and screening and show incredible potential as a means of countering such limitations. Apart from demonstrating high specificity towards the analyte, these biosensors also address the challenge of the multifactorial food industry of providing high analytical accuracy amidst complex food matrices, while also overcoming differing densities, pH and temperatures. This (public and Industry) demand for faster, reliable and cost-efficient analysis of food samples, has driven investment into biosensor design. Here, we discuss some of the recent work in this area and critique the role and contributions biosensors play in the food industry. We also appraise the challenges we believe biosensors need to overcome to become the industry standard.
A Conceptual Model for Developing a Valid and Reliable Questionnaire on Nutritional Knowledge and Supplement Habits Among Disabled Athletes in Malaysia
Authors: Md. Nor Norazmir , Manaf Haidzir , Mohd Azhari Nurul Athirah
Published: December 2017

Disability sports has become more popular since the last the five decades. The increase in participation will cause pressure among athletes to achieve optimum sports performances. Through proper nutrition, the athletes’ sports performance can be enhanced. The benefits of nutrition in sports performance among athletes can be attained if their level of nutritional knowledge and habits are identified. This paper intends to present the design of the questionnaires from previous literature and predicted questionnaire model for this study. This study aims to develop, a questionnaire that combines both nutritional knowledge and supplement habits among disabled athletes in Malaysia, to validate and determine the reliability of the developed questionnaire. Expert validation, test-retest reliability, and internal consistency reliability will be used in this study. In expert validation, seven experts in nutrition, dietetics and sports nutrition field will be involved, and the data will be measured using the content validity ratio (CVR). Pearson Correlation Coefficient and Cronbach Alpha will be applied to determine the internal consistency reliability and test-retest reliability in determining the reliability of the developed questionnaire. As a result, a valid and reliable questionnaire that combines both nutritional knowledge and supplement habits specifically for Malaysian disabled athletes will be established, thus optimizing the growth of Malaysia disability sports. However, this research has not completed yet.
A Research on Reminiscence and Acclimation of Oryza Sativa Flakes Snacks Among Adolescents
Authors: ARUN KANCHANA , ARUN A. , VIJAYALAKSHMI S.
Published: December 2017

The adolescents from this Z generation in India prefers to image the western culture, it is this scenario which has immensely changed the snacking habits from traditional healthy to unhealthy snacks among Indian adolescents. The study leads to an awareness of health consciousness among the adolescents on the search for traditional, nutritious and health promoting food options.
This research’s aim is to determine adolescent’s preferences and specific attributes in the preparation of oryza sativa (red rice) flakes that drive acceptability through descriptive analysis and preference mapping on snacks with red rice flakes.
The results exhibited a highly positive correlation in the preference of traditional snacks. Preference mapping and percentage showed higher overall liking scores for samples characterized by snacks made with red rice flakes. Overall, this study was successful in determining the adolescent’s acceptability with red rice flakes snacks through preference mapping.
This study proposes that the adolescents to minimise the consumption of westernized snacks in the contrary to develop a habit to consume more traditional ingredients with trendy and innovative red rice recipes. The study concludes that these standardized recipes will lure all the age groups to consume red rice in their diet.
Assessment of Occupational Dust and Silica Exposure in Indian Stone Mining and Crushing Unit- A Case Study
Authors: Deshmukh Anand , Pradip Nikhil , Dhatrak Sarang , Nandi Subroto
Published: December 2017

Stone crushing industry plays a vital role in the economy and urban development of fast developing countries like India. Stone mines and crushers in India are located around major cities and roughly employ around 5,00,000 peoples throughout the country. However this employment generating industry also happens to be one of the most dust generating activity and also a precursor to the respiratory disease, silicosis. This study was undertaken with an objective to estimate the personal exposure of the workers to silica laden dust in this industry sector. Personal dust sampling (n=11) and (n=6) was carried out in stone crushing and stone mining (quarry)areas respectively over a period of three consecutive days in selected units in a suburban area of Nalgonda district of Telangana state in India. The respirable dust exposure and free silica content was then estimated. It was observed that three (3) samples of crusher helper from the Crushing Unit had exposures exceeding the Permissible Limit Value (PLV) of Indian Factories Act1948. Two (2) Heavy Earth Moving Machineries (HEMM) operators from stone mining area were observed to have exceeded the Permissible Maximum Exposure Limit (PMEL) prescribed by the Indian Mines Act 1952 and subsequent rules their under. The remaining samples of HEMM operators from mining area and of the crusher helper from the crusher plant were observed to be within the prescribed limits of respective guidelines prescribed by the Indian statutory agencies. Two different acts were considered, because of the fact that stone mining is regulated by the Indian mining act and under the overall control of Directorate of Mines and Safety (DGMS), Government of India. On the other hand Crusher plant comes under the ambit of Model Factory Rule 120 under section 87 of Indian Factories Act 1948 under the overall control of Directorate General Factory Service and Labour Institute (DGFASLI) Government of India. Post the study it could be concluded that, stone crushers are dustier as compared to stone mining area. Workers in stone mining and crushing units of study area are indeed exposed to high levels of respirable and silica laden dust. It was observed that safety and precautionary measures towards dust and silica exposure are not implemented necessitating to be taken by unit operators.
Evidence to practice: use of Angio-Seal following PCI
Authors: Di Loreto Francesca , Sampson Michael
Published: December 2017

An increasing number of PCIs are being performed worldwide. Most procedures are carried out via the radial artery; however, femoral access is still preferred in some instances, and is associated with an increased risk of complications. Since the 1990s, vascular closure devices (VCDs), such as Angio-Seal™, have largely replaced manual compression as a method to achieve haemostasis—yet the evidence supporting their use remains uncertain. The current article uses a case-study approach to examine the evidence supporting the use of Angio-Seal, and the nursing care required post procedure. Moderately strong evidence supports the use of VCDs, but small sample size, bias and heterogeneity are limitations of the studies. There is also a lack of standardised cost analysis, and little consensus regarding the length of bed rest required post procedure. No research was found assessing the optimal frequency of patient observations.
Writing for publication: Sharing your clinical knowledge and skills
Authors: Wood Cate
Published: December 2017

Clinical nurses are ideally placed to write for publication in addition to those who work in academia who have this as an accepted part of their role. Nurses generate new evidence from their work in practice by carrying out research and audits and being involved in practice development projects, for example. This resource of knowledge needs to be shared with others, ideally in an international arena so that nurses can learn from each other. Nursing in the United Kingdom is now an all graduate profession and many nurses go on to study at both Masters and PhD level, providing writing from all levels of academic study that can be adapted for publication. It seems wrong to undertake a study and obtain findings and then choose not share this widely. Both a lack of confidence and time are cited as reasons why nurses do not write; however, to share knowledge with others is a duty as part of any nursing role for the improvement of staff working practices and patient care. All nurses need knowledge that is practical, experiential, and scientific; clinical nurses who write for publication can provide this.
Threads of creative thought
Authors: Clarke Jenni
Published: December 2017

Jenni Clarke explores ways to keep things simple in the early years. This month's article looks at the everyday resources and materials you can use to stimulate complex play – here we feature, string.
Taking it right to the top
Authors: Sargent Marianne
Published: December 2017

This article is an extract from the Practical Pre-School book, Developing Early Maths Skills Outdoors; it explores the notion of capacity in relation to physical development and a child's mathematical knowledge.
Meaning to make your mark
Authors: Chapman Ailsa
Published: December 2017

We resume our series of articles that look at the possibilities for play and learning inherent in certain popular and common early years resources and materials – this month, we look explore writing.
Recent Trends in Chitosan Nanofibers: From Tissue-Engineering to Environmental Importance: A Review
Authors: Wani Saima , Sofi HashAm S , Majeed Shafquatat , Sheikh Faheem A.
Published: December 2017

Chitosan is a biodegradable, biocompatible and extracellular matrix mimicking polymer. These tunable biological properties make chitosan highly useful in a wide range of applications like tissue-engineering, wound dressing material, controlled drug delivery system, biosensors and membrane separators, and as antibacterial coatings etc. Moreover, its similarity with glycosaminoglycans makes its suitable candidate for tissue-engineering. Electrospinning is a novel technique to manufacture nanofibers of chitosan and these nanofibers possess high porosity and surface area, making them excellent candidates for biomedical applications. However, lack of mechanical strength and water insolubility make it difficult to fabricate chitosan nanofibers scaffolds. This often requires blending with other polymers and use of harsh solvents. Also, the functionalization of chitosan with different chemical moieties provides a solution to these limitations. This article reviews the recent trends and sphere of application of chitosan nanofibers produced by electrospinning process. Further, we present the latest developments in the functionalization of this polymer to produce materials of biological and environmental importance.
Effect of Ag Doping on Properties of Al–Doped ZnO Nanoparticles Varies as Zn1-X-YAgxALYO
Authors: Sharma Neha , Kumar Sanjayay
Published: December 2017

In present study, undoped ZnO, Zn0.8Ag0.2O, Zn0.8Al0.2O and Zn0.6Al0.2Ag0.2O samples are synthesized by simple solution method. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy-Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and UV-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy are used to perform the characterization of undoped, doped and codoped samples. XRD analysis is exposed that hexagonal wurtzite crystalline structure obtained for undoped, doped and codoped samples without any extra representation of impurity phases. The crystalline size is when evaluated by using Scherrer, It has 44, 49, 41and 37nm for undoped ZnO, Zn0.8Ag0.2O, Zn0.8Al0.2O and Zn0.6Al0.2Ag0.2O samples. Similarly, the crystalline size and strain are also evaluated by Williamson hall (W-H) and size strain plot (SSP) for the undoped, doped and codoped nanoparticles. The evaluated crystalline size by SSP is three times greater than the result of the scherrer method. The SEM exposes that surface morphology of nanoparticle samples, in this case is the formation of large agglomeration in spherical shape with nanocrystallites of undoped and doped ZnO with apparent and definite boundaries. EDX points out the replacement of Al2+ and Ag+ with Zn2+ in ZnO matrix and consequences in the development of single-phase Zn1−x−yAgxAlyO. The blueshift is shown in UV-Vis absorption spectra because the band gap value increases with the increase in doping, except Ag+ doped ZnO nanoparticles.
Kinetic Data for Texture Changes of Foods During Thermal
Processing
Authors: Lee Seung Hwan
Published: December 2017

To automate cooking processes, quantitative descriptions are needed on how
quality parameters, such as texture change during heating. Understanding
mechanical property changes in foods during thermal treatment due to changes in
chemical composition or physical structure is important in the context of
engineering models and in precise control of quality in general. Texture
degradation of food materials has been studied widely and softening kinetic
parameters have been reported in many studies. For a better understanding of
kinetic parameters, applied kinetic models were investigated, then rate
constants at 100°C and activation energy from previous kinetic studies were
compared. The food materials are hardly classified into similar softening
kinetics. The range of parameters is wide regardless of food types due to the
complexity of food material, different testing methods, sample size, and
geometry. Kinetic parameters are essential for optimal process design. For broad
and reliable applications, kinetic parameters should be generated by a more
consistent manner so that those of foods could be compared or grouped.
Elements of place and nation branding in Ocho apellidos vascos (2014)
Authors: Martínez-Expósito Alfredo
Published: December 2017

This article considers the ways in which Ocho apellidos vascos (2014) mobilizes salient aspects of nation branding, such as communication strategies that privilege a tourist’s gaze, authentication of local stereotypes, selective recycling of history, the commodification of place and commercial nationalism. The film was produced and released in 2014, only three years after ETA’s historic cease-fire declaration. The national context for the release was marked by the end of terrorist violence in the Basque Country, growing separatist sentiment in Catalonia and the concomitant decline in popularity of Brand Spain. Ocho apellidos vascos invokes branding discourses that have impact well beyond the seemingly innocuous regional stereotypes that structure the film’s imagery and plot. This article explores the influence of these discourses on the film’s branding of three key ‘places’: Spain, Seville and the Basque Country. In particular, it discusses the process by which ‘Spain’ is subject to erasure, ‘Seville’ is branded as a synecdoche for the whole of Spain and ‘the Basque Country’ is subject to an othering gaze that is incongruous with the recently formulated Basque Brand.
Basil Fawlty as a ‘pre-Thatcherite’ conservative in Fawlty Towers
Authors: Mähkä Rami
Published: December 2017

The article analyses the popular British situation comedy Fawlty Towers (1975, 1979) as a comedic representation of conservatism and its lead character, Basil Fawlty (played by John Cleese), as a ‘pre-Thatcherite’. The article discusses how the character of Fawlty can help us understand the processes that led to Margaret Thatcher winning the election in 1979 and becoming prime minister. Fawlty promotes similar values to Thatcher, but with ambiguity as the series is a comedy; comedy makes interpretation of ideological issues problematic as it is an alternative meaning-making system to non-comedic forms.
Polluting young minds? Smash Hits and ‘high Thatcherism’
Authors: Kirkham Neil
Published: December 2017

This article is an analysis of the British popular music publication Smash Hits at the peak of its commercial power in the late 1980s. Whereas academic attention has been diverted towards its early, more ‘alternative’ period in the late 1970s, as Railton suggests, like many similar publications it has not been widely studied within the academy and particularly not in relation to its engagement with overtly popular music. On the rare occasions it is discussed it is broadly dismissed as being conservative and overtly consumerist, merely a ‘teen glossy’ that provided posters for teenage girls’ bedrooms. Through a content analysis of issues published in 1987, with a specific focus on an interview with Margaret Thatcher conducted by Smash Hits in March of that year, this article will attempt to redress this imbalance. It aims to demonstrate that as a guide to the politics of popular music and youth culture at the end of ‘high Thatcherism’, Smash Hits deserves to be studied with the same respect as it’s more credible ‘inkie’ and ‘indie’ peers of the period. It will also suggest that the very nature of Smash Hits as a reflection of populist taste allowed it the scope to cover, as cultural texts, a range of musical performers and styles far broader than that seen in the indie press of the time and that, in turn, this allowed it to visualize key youth movements they ignored. Finally, it also hopes to outline how it’s representation of gender, sexuality and race was very much at odds with mainstream, and specifically Thatcherite, ideals in this period.
Where there is discord, may we bring harmony: Government economic policy and independent record labels in the United Kingdom in the 1980s
Authors: Baillie Mark
Published: December 2017

This article seeks to examine the relationship between independent popular music cultural production in the United Kingdom in the 1980s and the policies and political philosophy of Thatcherism. Although often regarded as being oppositional forces, closer scrutiny reveals areas of significant complementarity, most notably in the influence of the Enterprise Allowance Scheme on various emerging independent record labels. The first part of the article will look at genuine attempts at resistance to Thatcherism in popular music culture such as Red Wedge, and cite various ‘common-sense’ ideas around anti-Thatcherism in contemporary popular music culture. The second part looks at the historical roots of Thatcherism in order to provide a definitional framework as well as to explore some of the ambiguities around Thatcherism itself (particularly regarding the competing strands of social conservatism and economic liberalism) and the central importance of the promotion of an ‘enterprise culture’ based on self-reliance and entrepreneurship. An examination of the role played by the Enterprise Allowance Scheme in the development of independent record labels follows in order to assess the degree to which the economic liberalism of Thatcherism found an expression in independent popular music culture.
Epígrafe latina como elemento didático (XXXIV): ainda a inscrição neoclássica de Creta
Authors: D'Encarnação José
Published: December 2017

Epígrafe latina como elemento didático (XXXIV): ainda a inscrição neoclássica de Creta
Familias, retornos educativos y clases sociales. Valorización de capital cultural y estrategias escolares de clase media y clase trabajadora en Córdoba (Argentina)
Authors: Assusa Gonzalo , Jiménez Zunino Cecilia Inés
Published: December 2017

Este texto analiza las estrategias de inversión y valorización del capital cultural en familias de clases media y trabajadora. Desde la teoría de la práctica de Pierre Bourdieu, y utilizando metodología que combina técnicas multivariadas (ACM) y entrevistas en profundidad, realizamos un análisis comparado de las apuestas escolares de las posiciones intermedias del espacio social de Gran Córdoba (Argentina). El objetivo es complejizar el análisis sobre las recientes dinámicas de desigualdad social, y desplazar la mirada desde la noción de retornos educativos hacia las lógicas de inversión, las disposiciones prácticas y los modos de reproducción social de las familias.
Un análisis de política comparada: planes de gobierno y posicionamiento de partidos políticos. El caso de Alemania, España, EE.UU., Francia, México, R.U. y Suecia. 1980-2015
Authors: Ramírez Franco Luz Dary
Published: December 2017

Este documento presenta un análisis de política comparada dividido en dos secciones: La primera contiene un análisis de las políticas propuestas en los Planes Electorales de siete economías para el período 1980-2015; la segunda presenta el estudio del posicionamiento en el espectro izquierda-derecha de los Partidos Políticos a través del indicador RILE. Ambos objetivos se desarrollan bajo la metodología del Comparative Manifesto Project (CMP), con la cual se genera una matriz de información de política pública. Los resultados muestran que a pesar de que en estos 35 años de estudio ha imperado el modelo neoliberal para el conjunto de economías, estas no priorizan en el mismo orden las áreas identificadas por el CMP como dominios de actuación gubernamental. En cuanto al posicionamiento de los partidos políticos, se concluye que impera el sistema bipartidista en las 7 economías, y que, aunque estos se auto-posicionan de acuerdo a su ideología en el espectro izquierda-derecha, durante el período de estudio se observa como ambos tipos de partidos navegan de un lado al otro.
Alcaptonuria: un error innato del metabolismo que desafía la práctica clínica pediátrica
Authors: Redondo Meza Yulys Carolina , Muñoz  Otero Cristina , Carrillo Tatiana Alvarado
Published: December 2017

La alcaptonuria es una enfermedad hereditaria, de carácter autosómico recesivo, que afecta el catabolismo de la tirosina y se caracteriza por la presencia de ácido homogentísico en orina y sangre. En este reporte, se presenta el caso de un paciente diagnosticado con alcaptonuria a los 12 años de edad. Este reporte de caso pone de manifiesto la importancia de tratar temprana y oportunamente a pacientes con esta condición para evitar complicaciones a futuro.
Characteristics of early pregnancy and prevention of gestational and perinatal complications in women with metabolic syndrome
Authors: Lipatov Igor' S. , Tezikov Yurii V. , Protasov Andrei D. , Martynova Nadezhda V. , Bukreeva Anna A. , Kutuzova Ol'ga A. , Zhernakova Elena V. , Dobroditskaya Alina D.
Published: December 2017

Introduction. Based on the knowledge of early gestational disorders related to metabolic syndrome (MS), pathogenetically relevant preventive treatment meeting the requirements of perinatal pharmacology can be developed.
Aim. To reveal clinical and laboratory characteristics of early pregnancy and develop pathogenetically relevant preventive monotherapy for unfavorable gestational and perinatal outcomes in women with metabolic syndrome.
Material and methods. A total of 230 women were investigated and divided into four groups: Group I consisted of 68 pregnant women with MS who refused any preventive measures; Group II comprised 97 women with MS who received periconceptional preventive monotherapy with dydrogesterone, a progestagen; Group III consisted of 35 healthy primigravidas women with physiological course of gestation; Group IV comprised 30 healthy non-pregnant women. Laboratory testing during IIII trimesters allowed to assess the dynamics demonstrated by markers of lipid spectrum, endothelial dysfunction, apoptosis, decidualization, energy metabolism, and immunomodulation.
Results. A balance between factors of physiological damage and gestational adaptation in the course of physiological pregnancy has been shown to be of primary significance. In women with MS, embryo-placental dysfunction develops during early pregnancy, and this stage is preceding for major obstetric syndromes. Preventive administration of dydrogesterone in women with MS appeared highly effective: NNT (number needed to treat) was 1.33 (95% CI 0.91.8); OR 5.2 (95% CI 4.65.7).
Conclusion. Pregestational changes and atherogenic profile of gestational process determine the course of early pregnancy in women with MS with the development of embryo-placental dysfunction and major obstetric syndromes. High efficacy in the prevention of unfavorable gestational and perinatal outcomes was shown by preventive dydrogesterone monotherapy.
Nonlinear optical investigation of (E)-1-(4-flourobenzylidene)urea using theoretical calculations
Authors: J Tracy , A Dhandapani , Bharani Bharanidharan
Published: December 2017

The FT-IR and FT-Raman spectra of (E)-1-(4-flourobenzylidene)urea (4FBU) was recorded and analyzed. The optimized geometrical parameters were calculated. The complete vibrationally assignments were performed based on PED analysis with the help of SQM method. NBO analysis was carried out to explore the various conjucative/hyperconjucative interactions within the molecule and their second-order stabilization energy. The HOMO and LUMO energy gap was studied. All theoretical calculations were performed based on B3LYP/6-31G (d,p) level of theory. The first order hyperpolarizability (Î²0) and related properties (Î², Î±0, Î”Î±) of 4FBU were calculated. Besides, FMOs, MEP, Mulliken atomic charges and various thermodynamic parameters such as entropy, heat capacity and enthalpy were also calculated.
DESIDOC Journal of Library and Information Technology (DJLIT): A Bibliometric Analysis of Cited References
Authors: Bapte Vishal Dattatray
Published: December 2017

The paper presents a bibliometric analysis of the 4821 cited documents appended to the 295 articles published in DJLIT during 2011-15. The citation analysis is based on various strictures such as studying distribution of citations, authorship pattern, degree of collaboration, distribution of reference sources, prominent authors and ranked list of core journals. The study revealed that there is dominance of single authorship with 1912 (39.65%) citations followed by two authors with 1152 (23.89%) citations, three authors with 456 (9.45%) citations and more than three authors with 386 (8%) citations. There has been the availability of a good degree of institutional publications as well. Year-wise authorship pattern is also specified so as to see the dominance of particular authorship pattern for the period considered under the study. The degree of authors’ collaboration for the present study is 0.51 and modified collaborative coefficient is 0.3661. Dr B.M. Gupta with 52 citations is the most prolific author. Dr K.C. Garg and Dr B.S. Kademani are at the second and third position respectively.  The study further exposed the journal to be the mostly cited information source 2560 (53.10%) followed by websites (22.69%) and books (10.81%). Conference papers, reports, theses, workshop papers and seminar papers equally seem to be preferred domain with regard to using pertinent information source. Ranked list of journals denotes Scientometrics to be the most used journal (6.60%) by the authors contributing in DJLIT. The source journal is at the second position in the ranked list with 5.43%. A glance at the ranked core list of journals suggests that maximum journals are from foreign countries.
Knowledge Sharing Pattern Among the Arts Faculty Students of Dhaka University: A Survey
Authors: Islam Shariful , Nowrin Shohana , Mostofa Sk. Mamun
Published: December 2017

The purpose of this paper is to explore the Knowledge Sharing (KS) patterns among the students of the Arts faculty, University of Dhaka (DU). In order to investigate the KS patterns, a structured questionnaire was used which included different parameters such as background information of the respondents, their purpose, frequency, preferred channels, benefits and motivators for Knowledge Sharing. The data were collected from a total number of 372 students and later analysed using SPSS and Microsoft Excel. The study revealed that, majority of the students of the Arts faculty share their knowledge for self-satisfaction. Although, largest numbers of the students also believe knowledge sharing help them to create new knowledge and ideas, while, learning from each other is their prime motivator for KS.
Contribution by Indian Authors in Foreign Origin Library and Information Science Journals during 2006-2015: A Scientometrics Study
Authors: Mondal Dhiman , Kanamadi Satish , Das Kingsuk
Published: December 2017

Contribution of Indian authors in foreign library and information science journals during 2006-2015 using Library, Information Science and Technology Abstracts database is examined in this study. This scientometrics study analyses the research publication productivity and trend according to year, authorship, most prolific authors, Indian states, institutions, preferred journals for communication and subject. It is found that Indian authors contributed a total number of 234 articles during the covered period and collaborative articles with two-authors are highest in numbers. Library Philosophy and Practice has emerged as the most preferred journal by authors for publication. In terms of keywords/areas of study ‘Users’ and Study’ has emerged as the most preferred research area to publish during the period.
Publications of Banaras Hindu University during 1989-2016: A Three-dimensional Bibliometric Study
Authors: Dwivedi Sandhya
Published: December 2017

A3-D bibliometric evaluation of Banaras Hindu University (BHU), Varanasi is reported in this study. Data was retrieved from Web of Science, Science Citation Index-Expanded for the period 1989-2016. A total 16556 records are included in this study. Exponential growth of publications is seen since 2005. Chemistry has maximum publications, followed by Physics. Current Science published maximum research publications of BHU. Council of Scientific & Industrial Research is the main collaborator of BHU with 443 publications, followed by Defence Research and Development Organisation with 280 publications. BHU’s main collaborator country is USA with 607 publications, followed by Germany with 471 publications. Maximum consistency (0.40) in international collaboration is seen with Nepal, whereas minimum consistency observed with England. Maximum consistency of publications is seen 1995. Highest consistency (0.37) is seen in sub-field electrochemistry. Sepectrochimica acta Part A has highest consistency (0.53), while Astrophysics and Space Science has lowest (0.19) consistency.
Acute Immunomodulatory Effects of Fentanyl and its Three New Analogues in Swiss Albino Mice
Authors: Yadav Shiv Kumar , Bhattacharya Rahul
Published: December 2017

Fentanyl is a potent synthetic opioid analgesic. However, due to its several limitations, new analogues are being synthesised for better pain management. We have earlier reported the synthesis and bio-efficacy of fentanyl and its eight new analogues (1-8) in mice. Among eight analogues tested, N-(1-(2-phenoxyethyl)-4-piperidinyl)propionanilide (2), N-isopropyl-3-(4-(N-phenylpropionamido)piperidin-1-yl)propanamide (5), and N-t-butyl-3-(4-(N-phenylpropionamido)piperidin-1-yl)propanamide (6) were found to be more effective and less toxic compared to fentanyl. Therapeutic efficacy of fentanyl and its analogues are known to be compromised due to many adverse effects, including alterations in the immune system. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to assess the acute effect of fentanyl and its three analogues (2, 5, and 6) on plasma levels of different pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and anti-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-10 (IL-10) at different time points. Mice were intraperitoneally treated with 0.50 LD50 of the compounds and cytokines were measured 1 h, 2 h, 4 h, and 24 h post-exposure. Compared to control, none of the treatments produced any change in TNF-α and IL-1β levels. However, IL-6 levels were significantly elevated between 1 h to 2 h post-exposure in fentanyl and analogue 2 treated groups. Further, IL-10 levels were found to be significantly increased in fentanyl, analogue 2, and 6 treated groups at 1 h and 2 h post-exposure. Pre-treatment of naltrexone (opioid receptor antagonist) blocked the effects of fentanyl, confirming that its effects were opioid receptor- dependent. However, effect of naltrexone on analogue 2 and 6 was not conclusively evidenced, indicating that immunomodulatory changes caused by the analogues could have some additional implications as well. The present study reveals undesirable effects of fentanyl and its new analogues on cytokines homeostasis, thereby limiting their use in pain management.
Quality and Quantity Loss by Aphid Infestation in Vegetables Grown under Protected Cultivation in Ladakh Region
Authors: Singh Narendra , Dhiman Sunil Kumar
Published: December 2017

During the hardly six months of suitable climatic window in summer season, many vegetable crops such as cabbage, cauliflower and radish are grown extensively in Ladakh region of India. These crops contribute significantly to the requirement of military and paramilitary troops in addition to the civil population inhabiting the region. In addition to growing these vegetable crops outdoor, some of these are grown under protective cultivation to get early and more produce, however various insect pests including aphids cause serious damage to the crops annually. The present study was undertaken to estimate the quality as well as quantity loss due to aphids infestation in three economically important crops namely cauliflower (B. oleracea var. botrytis), knol – khol (B. caulorapa) and radish (R. sativus) in the Indus valley of Ladakh region (J&K), in 2015. Results showed that there was 7.5 % to 27.5 % reduction in chlorophyll contents in the study crops while the overall yield in infested crops ranged from 35.4 in B. caulorapa to 41.9 % in B. oleracea var. botrytis respectively. Total chlorophyll contents were decreased statistically in radish (p = 0.0002; χ2 ≥ 17.0), whereas the overall yield loss was statistically similar among all the three vegetable crops (p = 0.6). Current study is first to analyze this kind of loss in important vegetable crops in Ladakh region of India and could be used as baseline study for planning anti-aphid strategy to protect vegetable crops in Ladakh region of India.