bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Experimental and Modelling Comparison of the Effects of UV Energy on Liquefaction Efficiency in Coal Liquefaction Mechanism
Authors: ALTINSOY Yelda , ŞİMŞEK Emir
Published: June 2022

Coal liquefaction process gives very efficient results, especially for value-added chemicals production from low-quality coal. However, when the literature is examined, notably there is not enough scientific study for liquefaction mechanisms. Here, in this study, There are five different liquefaction mechanisms of Beypazarı coals. It includes four different UV light power and a catalyst environment using 180 watts of UV power. Created first-order linear discrete models were proposed and compared with the experimental results. Additionally, the reaction rate constants for each proposed kinetic model were calculated using the Kalman filter method. However, to evaluate the compatibility of the experimental results and the modeling results, the sum of the squared differences of the values calculated from the experimental data and the models was examined. Because of these studies, it has been observed that the rate constants of direct oil formation from coal at 120 and 180 watts of UV power are at least three times greater than the rate constants for the formation of asphaltene and pre-asphaltene from coal. Simultaneously, The results demonstrate that models with reversible and parallel steps are more compatible with experimental data. Experimental data and modeling results are much more compatible with the studies conducted on Beypazarı coals in a 180-watt UV-catalyzed environment compared to a 180-watt catalyst-free environment. In the presence of ZnO catalyst, the rate constants occurring in the conversion reaction from coal to oil were again three times faster than the conversion rate constants from coal to asphaltene and from coal to preasphaltene. In the modeling and experimental results conducted in the catalyst environment, the efficiency was higher than the catalyst-free environment. The best fit was obtained using model that has both reversible (between asphaltene: coal, asphaltene: oil, and asphaltene: preasphaltene) and irreversible (coal: oil, coal: preasphaltene and preasphaltene: oil) reaction steps. The model also evidenced that reversible reactions are critical on the liquefaction of Beypazarı coal.
Pengaruh Profesionalisme Kerja, Disiplin Kerja dan Pendidikan terhadap Kineja Prajurit dan Pegawai Negeri Sipil di Kosek II Makassar
Authors: P Hadi Priyono Dolly , Latif Nurdin , Taufiq Ansar
Published: June 2022

Tujuan penelitian adalah sebagai berikut Untuk mengetahui apakah secara bersama-sama pengaruh Profesionalisme Kerja dan Disiplin Kerja terhadap Kinerja Prajurit dan PNS di Diskomlek TNI AU. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang dipakai dalam penelitian ini penulis menggunakan teknik Total Sampling atau secara acak Semua prajurit adalah populasi dan dijadikan sampel secara keseluruhan. Berdasarkan hasil uji korelasi berganda diketahui bahwa besarnya hubungan antara Profesionalisme Kerja (X1), Disiplin Kerja (X2), dan Tingkat Pendidikan (X3) secara simultan terhadap Kinerja Prajurit dan Pegawai Negeri Sipil (Y) yang dihitung dengan koefisien korelasi adalah 0,962. Hal ini menunjukkan pengaruh yang sangat kuat. Sedangkan secara simultan kontribusi atau kontribusi variabel Profesionalisme Kerja (X1), Disiplin Kerja (X2), dan Tingkat Pendidikan (X3) terhadap Kinerja Prajurit dan Pegawai Negeri Sipil (Y) adalah sebesar 92,6% sedangkan 7,4% ditentukan oleh variabel lain, tidak diteliti dalam penelitian ini. Nilai konstanta intersep sebesar 42.983 dapat didefinisikan bahwa jika variabel Profesionalisme Kerja (X1), variabel Disiplin Kerja (X2), dan Tingkat Pendidikan (X3) meningkat sebesar 1 satuan, maka variabel Kinerja Prajurit dan Pegawai Negeri Sipil (Y) akan meningkat sebesar 42.983. Dapat juga didefinisikan bahwa nilai konstanta intersep sebesar 42.983 menggambarkan kinerja Prajurit dan Pegawai Negeri Sipil (Y) secara rata-rata jika variabel Profesionalisme Kerja (X1) dan Disiplin Kerja (X2) bernilai 0 (nol).
Effect of Financial Sector Development on Monetary Stability Objective in CEMAC
Authors: MBANGA PAGAL Emmanuelle Dorcas
Published: June 2022

The paper determines the role played by banking stabilization policies over the relationship between financial sector development and monetary stability objective. Applying generalised method of the moments (GMM) system of Blundell and Bond (1998) over the inflation equation constructed by Gallic and al (2017), we found that undesirable effects of financial sector development (credit risk) increase inflation rate in CEMAC. Besides, the negative relationship between financial sector development and monetary stability objective quoted in the literature is not reversed in CEMAC. The credit risks, the main cause of monetary instability and the main undesirable effects of financial sector development increase the inflation rate in CEMAC. Therefore, policymakers need to curb any increased of credit risks associated with financial sector development as this risk increase inflation in CEMAC.
Methods for automatic glaucoma detection and feature extraction by different techniques at the pre-processing stage in fundus images
Authors: Pinos Eduardo , Cordero-Mendieta María , Coronel-Berrezueta Roberto
Published: June 2022

Glaucoma is a neurodegenerative, progressive and silent disease that affects the optic nerve, characterized by an increase in intraocular pressure causing irreversible damage to the optic nerve. The difficulty in early diagnosis of glaucoma has posed challenges at the technological and medical level, since it requires not only several years of study, but also experience on the part of medical specialists to examine the images and make a timely diagnosis.During this pandemic of COVID-19 many patients with this pathology have suffered constant changes and intraocular pressure has increased considerably, so early detection is of vital importance, in addition to providing appropriate and timely treatment so that the patient does not lose vision in its entirety and mitigate the effects that COVID-19 has caused in these patients.In this article we present the different techniques for the diagnosis of glaucoma and the automatic detection methods, as well as the analysis of image processing and the results obtained in the preprocessing stage, the characterization of this disease according to different points of view, we also present a thorough analysis of each of the methods proposed for the support of medical diagnosis, the characteristics of each of the classifiers and data of great relevance for future work.
Digital Twins for the Intelligent Detection of Malicious Activities in Urban Spaces
Authors: Sabeur Zoheir , Bruno Alessandro , Johnstone Liam , Ferjani Marouane , Benaouda Djamel , Cetinkaya Deniz , Arbab-zavar Banafshe , Sallal Muntadhar , Hardiman Benjamin
Published: June 2022

The S4AllCities project has progressed rapidly during the last twelve months since it began in 2020 for the development of three distinct digital twins that collectively augment intelligence concerning cyber and physical security monitoring in smart urban spaces. These respectively specialize on; a) Distributed Edge Computing IoT (DEC-IoT); b) Malicious Actions Information Detection System (MAIDS); and c) Augmented Context Management System (ACMS) (S4AllCities, 2020). These three twins are built under a distributed System of Systems (SoS) architecture. Further, they each acquire real-time observations of both cyber and physical spaces while processing data for the critical extraction of knowledge at their levels. The extracted knowledge, represented as “events” at each of the respective twins levels, is communicated across the S4AllCities SoS Apache Kafka communication client/ server protocols. These respectively specialize in advancement of situation awareness at their levels. Namely, for the intelligent edge processing of observations in the urban space under the DEC-IoT; the detection of unusualness and understanding of cyber and human behavior under the MAIDS; while augmenting all awareness for the final release of threat alerts and proposed regulated responses (ACMS). In this paper, we will introduce the S4AllCities SoS overall architecture and the three twins high level functions. Then we will focus on describing our development of the MAIDS sub-modules and their functions under the De-Facto Joint Director of Laboratory (JDL) data fusion framework. The JDL framework efficiently enables the intelligent monitoring, detection and interpretation of the potential presence of threats and/or attacks in urban spaces. These attacks are either of cyber, physical, or both malicious nature. The well-known Endsley model for the cognitive advancement of situational awareness is mapped into the JDL framework in the context of critical decision support on cyber-physical surveillance in urban spaces. The JDL is much more adaptive for big data processing, machine learning, context knowledge modelling and augmented situational awareness of the cyber-physical space.
The Construction and Exploration of Spatial Narrative under the Ken of Metaverse
Authors: Duan Xiaoxiao , Chen Caiying
Published: June 2022

With the continuous development and mutual construction of digital technology and the concept of themetaverse, the expression paradigm formed in the evolution of the metaverse will be established in continuousreplacement. Based on current spatial construction process of metaverse, the characteristics and advantages of traditionalspatial narrative will provide theoretical basis and basic rules for the construction of the metaverse expression paradigm.Simultaneously, the emergence of digital space will continually expand the concept of spatial narrative. This paperargues that the “great time” theory in spatial narrative will have positive effects in the spatial construction of metaverseand contribute to the expression of relevant rules of metaverse paradigm.
İğdirler
Authors: GÜREL Levent
Published: June 2022

Türk tarihinde önemli bir yer tutan Oğuzlarla ilgili birçok araştırma yapılmasına rağmen Oğuz birliğini oluşturan boylardan bir tanesi olan iğdirler hakkında sınırlı sayıda araştırma yapılmıştır. İğdirler adının geçtiği ilk zaman diliminden günümüze kadarki süreçte, Oğuz boyları içinde önemli yere sahip olmuştur. İğdir boyuna mensup insanlar günümüz itibariyle dünyanın değişik coğrafyalarında yaşamaktadırlar. Anadolu’nun Türkleşmesi sürecinde İğdir boyu önemli bir rol oynamış ve bugün Anadolu coğrafyasının değişik yerlerinde bu boya mensup insanlar halen yaşamaktadırlar. Çalışmamızda elimizde yer alan bilgiler doğrultusunda Oğuzların İğdir boyu genel hatlarıyla incelenmiştir.
5651 Sayılı Kanun Kapsamında Suç İşlenmesinin Önlenmesi Amacıyla İnternet Erişiminin Engellenmesi
Authors: ÖZKAYA Yunus
Published: June 2022

Günümüzde internet en yaygın kullanılan kitle iletişim araçlarından birisi haline gelmiştir. Bireylerin yaşantısına sağladığı pek çok katkının yanı sıra internet kullanımından meydana gelen sorunlar da söz konusudur. Özellikle internetin, kötü amaçlarla kullanılması halinde başkalarının hak ve özgürlüklerine yapılan saldırıların bir aracı olduğu görülmektedir. Devletler tarafından yapılan hukuki düzenlemeler çerçevesinde; internet kullanımı ile meydana gelen hukuka aykırılıkların önlenmesi amacıyla bazı tedbirlere başvurulmaktadır. Bu tedbirlerden bir tanesi de internet ortamında yayınlanan hukuka aykırı içeriklere erişimin engellenmesidir. Özü itibariyle bir tedbir kararı olan internet erişiminin engellenmesi suç işlenmesinin önlenmesi gibi çeşitli sebeplere dayalı olarak verilmektedir. Bu çalışmada öncelikle genel olarak internet erişiminin engellenmesi kavramı üzerinde durulmakta; akabinde 5651 sayılı Kanunun 8 ve 8/A maddelerinde düzenlenen internet erişiminin engellenmesi kararlarının hukuki niteliği, kararların alınması ve uygulanması ile kararlara karşı başvurulabilecek hukuki yollar değerlendirilmektedir.
Pelatihan Pembuatan Saus Tomat untuk Memanfaatkan Limbah Daging Buah Tomat dari Kelompok Tani Pondok Menteng, Desa Citapen, Kecamatan Ciawi, Kabupaten Bogor
Authors: Rochaeny Henny , Budikania Tri Sutanti , Wibowo Singgih , Rawiningtyas Sotya , Damayanti Lisda , Elfrida Nia Roshe
Published: June 2022

ABSTRAK Kelompok tani Pondok Menteng merupakan kelompok tani yang bergerak pada bidang usaha pembibitan tomat dengan produknya adalah biji tomat. Dalam proses produksinya, banyak dihasilkan daging buah tomat dalam jumlah besar. Selama ini daging buah tomat yang dihasilkan dibuang sebagai limbah. Guna memanfaatkan limbah daging tomat serta memberikan nilai tambah pada kelompok tani, maka perlu dilakukan proses pengolahan agar dapat menjadi produk, yaitu berupa saos tomat. Kegiatan ini diintegrasikan dalam kegiatan pengabdian pada masyarakat (PkM) oleh tim dosen Politeknik AKA Bogor. Kegiatan PkM dilaksanakan melalui tiga tahap, yaitu kegiatan survey, pelaksanaan, dan evaluasi kegiatan. Tahap pelaksanaan PkM berupa pelatihan pembuatan saus tomat dan sosialisasi tata cara pengurusan ijin usaha, jaminan halal produk pangan, dan kewirausahaan. Adapun target luaran yang dicapai dari kegiatan PkM adalah masyarakat dapat membuat saus tomat yang baik dan aman dikonsumsi. Selain itu masyarakat dapat memiliki pemahaman tentang tata cara perijinan usaha, jaminan halal produk, serta pemasaran produk. Berdasarkan hasil evaluasi, diperoleh hasil yang positif dari kegiatan PkM, masyarakat memiliki tingkat kepuasan dan minat yang tinggi terhadap kegiatan pelatihan, serta sesuai dengan kebutuhan masyarakat kelompok tani Pondok Menteng, Desa Citapen, Ciawi- Bogor.Kata Kunci: Pengabdian Masyarakat; Saus Tomat; Tomat.
Mahmut Makal’ın Kaleminden Doğu Kalkınmasına Işık Tutacak İzlenimler
Authors: GENCER Tülay
Published: June 2022

Türk edebiyatının önemli isimlerinden biri olan Mahmut Makal, Köy Enstitüsü’nde okumuş, köylerde öğretmenlik yapmıştır. Öğretmenliğe başladığı yıllarda “Bir Köy Öğretmeninin Notları” ismiyle Varlık dergisinde İç Anadolu köylerini anlatan yazılar yazmış, bu yazılar daha sonra 1950 yılında “Bizim Köy” adı ile kitaplaştırılmıştır. Kitap edebiyattan siyasete, hemen her alanda büyük tartışma yaratmıştır. Öğretmenlik dışında ilköğretim müfettişliği de yapan Makal, 1966 yılında Adana’da müfettişken bakanlık emrine alınmıştır. Bakanlık emrinde görevli iken Van’a gitmeye karar vermiştir. İç Anadolu köyleri ile ilgili gözlem ve izlenimlerinden sonra Doğu’da nasıl bir manzara ile karşılaşacağını merak etmiştir. Ankara’dan başlayan tren yolculuğu Tatvan’da son bulmuş, Tatvan feribotu ile de Van’a varmıştır. Mahmut Makal’ın Van’da özellikle gitmek istediği yer; Ünseli köyüdür. Bu köyü özel kılan Köy Enstitüleri’nin sonuncusunun burada kurulmuş olmasıdır. Makal’ın izlenimleri önce Ant dergisinde “Yeraltında Bir Anadolu” başlığı ile 5 kısım olarak yayınlanmış, ardından aynı isimle ayrıca kitaplaştırılmıştır. Makal’ın anlattıklarında Türkiye’nin mevcut gelişmişliği içinde Doğu gerçeğini görmek mümkündür. Nitekim 1960’lı yıllar Türkiye’de kalkınma tartışmalarının revaçta olduğu yıllardır. Bu kalkınma tartışmaları içerisinde dönemin gazete ve dergilerinde Doğu’ya yönelik bir ilgi de kendini göstermeye başlamıştır. Ant dergisi sayfalarında da bu ilgiyi takip edebilmek mümkündür. Makale; Türk entelektüelinin 1960’lı yıllarda Doğu coğrafyasına yönelik tecessüsü ekseninde bölge kalkınmasının tarihsel temellerinin anlaşılmasına bir katkı getirmeyi amaçlamaktadır.
Karbon Fiber Takviyeli Elyaf Kumaşlarla Güçlendirilen Betonarme Kolonların Eş Merkezli ve Tek Doğrultulu Eğilme Yüklemeleri Altındaki Davranışının Deneysel Olarak İncelenmesi
Authors: ERBAŞ Yaşar , BARAN Mehmet , MERCİMEK Ömer , ANIL Ozgur
Published: June 2022

Betonarme kolonlar, yapının yaşlanması, çevresel etkiler, deprem vb. gibi durumlardan dolayı güçlendirilmesi ya da onarılması gereken en önemli yapısal elemanlardır. Bir yapı elemanı güçlendirilirken hangi etkilere maruz kaldıklarını tespit etmek oldukça önem arz etmektedir. Betonarme kolonlar da çoğu kez eş merkezli yüklemelere maruz kalsalar da özellikle kenar kolonlar dış merkezli olarak da yüklemelere maruz kalarak eğilme momentleri tesiri altında eksenel yük taşımaya çalışmaktadır. Bu çalışma kapsamında eş merkezli ve dış merkezli olarak yüklenen betonarme kolonların karbon fiber takviyeli elyaf kumaş (KFTEK) şeritler ile güçlendirilmesinin deneysel olarak incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla 6 adet büyük ölçekli deney elemanı üretilmiştir. Bu deney elemanlarından 2 adeti referans olarak seçilmiştir. Geriye kalan 4 adet deney elemanı is KFTEK şeritler ile güçlendirilmiştir. Yükleme tipi (eş ve dış merkezli) ve ankraj kullanımı değişkenler olarak belirlenmiştir. Şerit genişliği ve aralığı ise sabit tutulmuştur. Gerçekleştirilen deneysel çalışma sonucunda deney elemanlarının maksimum yük taşıma kapasitesi, başlangıç rijitliği, sünekliği ve enerji tüketim kapasitesi hesaplanarak sonuçlar karşılaştırılmıştır.
TMS 1 FİNANSAL TABLOLARIN SUNULUŞU STANDARDINA UYUM DERECELERİNİN BORSA ISTANBUL (BİST)’DA İNCELENMESİ
Authors: FIRAT Faruk , ALTUNEL Neslihan
Published: June 2022

Bu çalışmanın amacı, TMS 1 Finansal Tabloların Sunuluşu Standardı kapsamında enerji, turizm ve bilişim sektörlerinde yer alan belirli şirketlerin düzenledikleri finansal tabloların açıklamalarının TMS 1’e uyumunu pozitif muhasebe teorilerini de dikkate alarak ölçmektir. Bu çalışma kapsamında, Borsa Istanbul (BİST)’da işlem gören 39 şirket sektörel bazda incelemeye dahil edilmiş ve söz konusu şirketlerin 2019 yılı yıllık finansal raporları dikkate alınmıştır. Açıklamalardan türetilen endeks verileriyle, açıklama belirleyicileri olarak belirlenen kârlılık, kaldıraç, likidite oranları ve şirket büyüklüğü arasındaki ilişki korelasyon analiziyle gerçekleştirilmiştir. Gerçekleştirilen analiz neticesinde, TMS 1 standardının açıklama gerekliliklerine uyumda; enerji ve turizm sektörlerinde incelenen şirketlerin, her bir sektör için TMS 1’e ortalama uyum oranının yüzde 98, bilişim sektöründe incelenen şirketlerin ise ortalama uyum oranının yüzde 97 olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Enerji sektöründe, kaldıraç ve şirket büyüklüğü ile TMS 1’e uyum arasında, bilişim sektöründe ise kârlılıkla TMS 1’e uyum arasında pozitif ilişki tespit edilmiştir.
Soviet Medical Expeditions in Tuva and the Making of Tuvinian Healthcare, 1928-1936
Authors: Bashkuev Vsevolod
Published: June 2022

This paper aims to expose the role of Soviet medical expeditions in the construction of modern healthcare in the Tuvinian People’s Republic. Based on archival sources, the study traces the activities of four successive medical teams working in Tuva from 1928 to 1936. The first expedition thoroughly reconnoitered the health situation in the republic, picking out the most troublesome areas, diseases, and spheres of life. The ones that followed consolidated the initiative of the first team, turning healthcare in Tuva into a state affair and an international venture with political undertones.
“Face to the Countryside!”: A Thorny Path for Soviet Public Healthcare in an Interwar Belarusian Province
Authors: Zamoiski Andrei
Published: June 2022

This article demonstrates the complications of rural healthcare modernization in the context of the Belarusian Socialist Soviet Republic. While reforming public healthcare, the Bolsheviks managed to revive pre-revolutionary networks and provide the rural population with basic medical assistance. Various propaganda campaigns by the medical administration also aimed to improve sanitary condition and the state of healthcare in the countryside. However, due to political transformations in the interwar Soviet state, many of these plans ultimately proved unsuccessful at the local level.
Constructing Identities, Ascribing Nationalities: The Polish Minority in Ukraine During Late-imperial and Early-Soviet Rule
Authors: Palko Olena
Published: June 2022

This article investigates underlying state intentions behind the counting and standardizing minority populations in view of the dire need to modernize the country. It takes a close look at the statistics regarding the Polish minority provided by the 1897 Imperial and 1926 Soviet censuses to understand how, within a span of only thirty years, the abstract figures of language, religion, and social status came to represent rigidly ascribed and hereditary national categories. The article also explores how the category of “nationality” was understood and how its meaning, political, and economic significance changed in the decades between these two censuses.
Peningkatan Daya Saing UKM Minuman Rumah Herbal Mak Nyak di Kabupaten Jember
Authors: Wijayanti Fefi Nurdiana , Setyowati Trias
Published: June 2022

Jamu termasuk minuman herbal yang menjadi warisan budaya bangsa Indonesia. Usaha jamu tradisional mayoritas dilakukan oleh UKM atau kelompok usaha rumahan, seperti usaha jamu tradisional yang dilakukan oleh kelompok anggota Dama Aster Dahlia. Implementasi kegiatan Dama melalui usaha pembuatan jamu dari rempah ini  menjadi upaya peningkatan ekonomi keluarga, pendampingan yang dilakukan secara periodik dan peningkatkan pengetahuan serta keterampilan anggota Dama Aster Dahlia. Peningkatkan produksi dan penjualan akan meningkatkan penghasilan anggota Dama, proses pemberdayaan perempuan akan tampak dari berubahnya wawasan dan sikap kerja mereka. Pelaksanaan PkM dalam bentuk ceramah, diskusi dan tanya jawab, praktek dan supervisi, monitoring dan evaluasi.  Mitra Dama Aster Dahlia sebagai peserta sosialisasi, juga bertindak sebagai peserta pelatihan dan pendampingan pengurusan NIB dan Sertifikat Halal.
TÜRK BANKACILIK SEKTÖRÜNDE PİYASA HAKİMİYETİNE ETKİ EDEN FAKTÖRLER: BİR PANEL VERİ ANALİZİ
Authors: KÜÇÜKOĞLU Sami , GÜNEREN GENÇ Elif
Published: June 2022

Bu çalışmada, Türk bankacılık sektöründe 1997-2020 dönemi arasında faaliyet gösteren 37 bankanın, bankacılık sektöründe piyasa hakimiyetine etki eden faktörlerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem ve konuya ilişkin literatür taramasının ardından Türkiye Bankalar Birliği (TBB) kurumundan elde edilen 1997-2020 döneminde faaliyet gösteren 37 bankanın veri seti, panel veri regresyon modelleri kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Analiz sonucunda elde dilen bulgularda, Türk bankacılık sektöründe, bankaların piyasa hakimiyet oranını etkileyen ekonometrik açıdan anlamlı değişkenlerin varlığı tespit edilmiştir.
Den svenska prostitutionsutredningen
Authors: Finstad Liv
Published: June 2022

I denna recensionsartikel ger Liv Finstad en överblick över prostitutionsutredningens huvudpoänger. Hon tar upp några metodologiska kritikpunkter och lägger slutligen fram förslag till mer långtgående politiska åtgärder, bl a kriminalisering av kunden.
Kroppspolitiken
Authors: Tickner Lisa
Published: June 2022

Det passiva kvinnoidealet har speglats också i den erotiska konsten. Denna har hittills varit helt manlig och patriarkaliskt definierad. Men kvinnornas 1970-talskonst visar nu fram en självmedveten kvinnlig sexualitet. Bland uttrycken finns mannen som motiv och en vaginal ikonologi.
Att gestalta sin tid
Authors: Werkmäster Barbro
Published: June 2022

I samband med festligheter för Karin Westman Berg i Uppsala i våras visade konstnären Atti Johansson bilder på sina målningar och talade om sitt arbete och sin utveckling. Tyngdpunkten låg på de samhällskritiska momumentala väggmålningarna från 1970-talet. Barbro Werkmäster har med föreläsningen som utgångspunkt och genom samtal med Atti Johansson överfört innehållet till artikelform.
Geijer, liberalismen och kvinnornas medborgarrätt
Authors: Kyle Gunhild
Published: June 2022

Den kvinnliga medborgarrätten blev ett politiskt problem först under slutet av 1800-talet. Som ideologisk fråga är det emellertid möjligt att följa den betydligt längre tillbaka i tiden.
Stockholms Högskola för 100 år sedan - ett naturvetenskapligt universitet med plats för kvinnor
Authors: Johansson Sif
Published: June 2022

Den nystartade Stockholms Högskola skilde sig från de anrika universiteten i Lund och Uppsala genom att den var präglad av tidens liberala idéer och genom att den var betydligt generösare mot kvinnorna. Sif Johansson visar här hur Stockholms Högskola inte bara tolererade kvinnliga studenter utan också erbjöd kvinnliga akademiker tjänst vid institutionerna.
Självkänsla kontra realitet
Authors: Ethelberg Eva
Published: June 2022

Varjeflicka måste ta ställning till motsättningen mellan den egna självkänslan och insikten om att män har högre status och mer makt i samhället än kvinnor. Eva Ethelberg ser tre "'lösningar"på detta dilemma och hon kallar dem "personlighetsstrategier". Med hjälp av dessa analyserar hon tre "äldre"personlighetsteorier och tre kvinnoteorier.
Kvinnors intressen och andra värden
Authors: G Jónasdóttir Anna
Published: June 2022

Har kvinnor speciella intressen som kan särskiljas från mäns? Kan kvinnorna betraktas som en intressegrupp i det politiska systemet? Anna G Jonasdöttir diskuterar här det politiska intressebegreppets relevans för kvinnor. Hon lanserar en intressesyn som både visar begreppets fruktbarhet och dess begränsningar.
Integrated Fiber Bragg Grating sensor for Bridge load measurement and traffic load estimation
Authors: Včelák Jan , Vaněk Jakub , Doupal Emil , Juhas Miroslav
Published: June 2022

Condition of road bridges in central as well as eastern Europe is not excellent. Lack of funding for maintenance requires precise identification of road bridge in need of investment. Integration of permanent monitoring sensors during construction of new bridge is a tool for integrated diagnostics. While the integrated Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensors can be used for strain measurement or crack detection, in meantime they could be the same sensors used for traffic load estimation. Two types of FBG sensors were installed in concrete road bridge during construction phase in 2017 Czech Republic. Two FBG sensors in steel body and 4 Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer GFRP sensor chain was integrated in the concrete body of the pre-stressed reinforced concrete element. Sensors are measuring strain in longitudinal direction of the bridge close to the bottom edge of the bridge where load on the bridge is causing extension. The signal from FBG sensors is processed by interrogation unit FBGuard and since they are embedded in the concrete, they are well protected against vandalism as well as against outdoor weather conditions. Weight in Motion (WIM) system together with measurement of acceleration was installed on the same bridge element as a reference system for accurate identification of vehicle type, speed, axle load measurement and bridge deflection under vehicles passed over the bridge element. Methods of fiber optic sensor (FOS) signal processing, mathematical processing to determine important traffic parameters, FOS system accuracy and reliability will be presented in this paper. Limitations of the system will be also discussed in the paper. Installed FOS system is used to determine vehicle number, speed, and weight estimation. Results of signal processing and calculation of traffic parameters from FOS system will be shown on real data obtained from the bridge load tests carried out in 2021.
Calibration of the IDM car-following model using trajectory data
Authors: Vasconcelos Luís , Martins Francisco , Cruz-Lopes Luísa
Published: June 2022

Car-following models describe the longitudinal movement of vehicles and are a major component of microscopic simulation packages. As car-following models seek to replicate the behaviour of individual drivers, their mathematical formulation usually includes a large set of adjustable parameters. The calibration of the model is essential to achieve accurate results, but as it may be a complex and expensive task, users often rely on default values or on simple techniques that offer poor transferability. In this paper we describe a calibration technique for the Intelligent Driver Model (IDM) that explicitly accounts for the physical meaning of each parameter. Trajectory data was collected for a sample of Portuguese drivers using an instrumented vehicle and covers the most relevant cases, such as unconstrained acceleration and deceleration manoeuvres and car following in steady-state conditions. A two-step calibration technique was followed: first, subsets of parameters with clear physical meanings were manually adjusted to replicate the velocity profiles of simple driving patterns; second, the results were used to define the bounds of values within an automatic calibration procedure for normal driving conditions. First results show that the calibration procedure allows to accurately replicate the real trajectories. There is still the concern with the transferability of results and further work is required to understand how to reach the best compromise between the model’s descriptive and predictive capacities.
Turboroundabouts in urban areas – a case study from Croatia
Authors: Džambas Tamara , Dragčević Vesna , Pavlaković Ivan
Published: June 2022

In this study, a preliminary design of three-legged egg-shaped turboroundabout in the city of Šibenik in Croatia was made. The traffic situation before 2014 was analysed when there was a classic three-legged at-grade intersection, as well as the situation after 2014 when the aforementioned intersection was reconstructed into a four-legged intersection with traffic lights (current situation). All above-mentioned traffic solutions were compared, and their main advantages and shortcomings were described.
Steel box girder manufacturing of Pelješac bridge
Authors: Wang Xuefeng , Tang Bicheng , Lu Hanzhong , Yuan Jun
Published: June 2022

A major construction milestone of Pelješac Bridge was reached at midnight on 29 July, 2021, as the deck was connected successfully. The extra-dosed cable-stayed bridge lies in the highly active seismic region with a designed ground acceleration ag= 0.34g, so the superstructure design of this bridge abandoned the regular concrete structure with poor plasticity, compared to concrete, steel has a better capability of shocks resistance and the designer adopted a steel box-shaped girder with a quantity of steel totaling 34,700t. This accounted for almost 50% of the entire bill of quantities, making the manufacture of the steel structure, its shipment, and on-site installation critical components of the project. Besides, the steel structure was designed with the strictest execution class EXC4 based on EN 1090-2. The specification requested near-perfect requirements for the appearance of the steel box girder. During the production, this project made extensive use of various welding robots and automatic or mechanical equipment. In addition, appropriate welding technology and manufacturing procedures ensured the quality level of EXC4. The global outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic as force majeure had a serious impact on the steel structure production and transportation. Due to the shortage of cargo vessels the expense of ocean shipping increased dramatically. However, the contractor, China Road and Bridge Corporation (CRBC) overcame impossibilities beyond human control and utilized a simultaneous processing strategy by two manufacturers to decrease the construction period. At the meantime, CRBC relied on the shipment resource of its parent company China Communications Construction Company (CCCC) to deal with ship shortages in the global market. As a result, the steel structure fabrication and site installation were achieved in two years successfully. The acquired experience should be treated as a reference for similar mega sea-crossing bridge projects in future.
Simplified analysis of railway track degradation by mobile applications
Authors: Goswami Rohit Raj , Sañudo Ortega Roberto , Ricci Stefano
Published: June 2022

This analysis deals with the problem of track degradation and monitoring methods. The main aim is to discuss benefits, drawbacks, and shortages of most of them. There are several monitoring failures approach available today, but no one can predict when or where a failure will occur. This study examines several types of track failures found in railway tracks. Among the many procedures and measures used to deal with these types of track degradation, the authors propose simplified mobile application for investigating the condition of the track. The major goal of the research is to review and provide approaches for track life prediction based on the previous methodologies. The failure prediction can be determined by looking at the degradation of various railway track components. The paper initially addresses railway tracks and their components. Then, it will go over the most usual types of failures that can occur on a railway track and discussion of monitoring techniques. Starting from the methods used when a component fails, it proposes a new prediction method for failures and track life based on the simplified approach to track monitoring using a mobile by a systematic collection of data plots obtained with smartphones in a real track section in India.
Bi-Directional load test: To remove uncertainty in pile load test results interpretation
Authors: Sakhuja Akshay , Rajamanickam Vignesh , Raju Visakan , Sekaran Balasundaram Dhana
Published: June 2022

Bi-directional static load testing for piles has been around for long time. However, the loading mechanism is different from the conventional pile loading testing method, many practicing engineers have concern over its concern of the pile top settlement. Its proponents believe it is safer, easier, and capable of achieving higher loads than traditional top-loading methods. The traditional methods including the kentledge have constraints of performing higher loads, which may lead to fatal accidents. India has seen a lot of development in the field of infrastructure in the recent past and strive to build the biggest, the largest viz. cable stayed bridges, with speed and skills, and at the same time without compromising on the quality. For ensuring the quality of the foundations of such massive structures, Bi-Directional static load testing is coming into spotlight. Famous Aerospace Engineer Wernher von Braun quoted “one good test is worth a thousand expert opinion.” Geotechnical Engineering and foundation design is no exception. This paper throws light on one of the bridge projects in India, where the Bi-Directional Load cell is used for the load testing for bridge where pile foundation is being carried out. This paper provides the details of the geological conditions of the project area and depicts the load mobilization details i.e., about the skin friction mobilization along the pile shaft and concludes that soil has much higher capacity in comparison to theoretical capacity being considered in the international practices. The focus of the paper is to emphasize that with the advancement in the construction methodology, and enhancement in the foundation testing methodology, the limitations imposed on these pile capacity components also should be re-assessed.
Sustainable precast concrete products with wood biomass ash – kerbs and drainage channels
Authors: Cerković Sonja , Štirmer Nina
Published: June 2022

Construction materials need to be observed through a lifetime carbon footprint. Due to the high greenhouse gas emissions from cement production, the lack of natural raw materials such as sand, a significant increase of WBA and the problem of its disposal, there has been a serious disturbance of the ecosystem. Therefore, it is necessary to encourage the use of production processes that consume less materials and energy, use waste-free resources, and include full recycling at the end of the product’s life. One of the possible solutions is the use of locally available wood biomass ash as a substitute for cement or sand in concrete mixes for non-structural precast concrete products. To achieve this goal, the relevant mechanical and durability properties of concrete products - kerbs and drainage channels, were investigated by replacing cement or fine aggregate with 15% of WBA and comparing it to a reference mixture without WBA. For this study, 5 different types of WBAs were collected from biomass power plants in the Republic of Croatia. This paper presents the effects of WBAs on the mechanical properties and durability of concrete products, which represents a possible more environmentally friendly alternative for industrial waste recycling compared to existing waste management options.
Use of liDAR and autonomous mobile robots in safety and inspection applications on railways
Authors: Dimec Marjan , Kraljević Mislav , Žalik Borut , Krejan Mihael , Pečnik Sašo , Podgorelec David
Published: June 2022

LiDAR is a remote sensing technology that enables measuring distances using laser beams. Over the last two decades, LiDAR has established itself primarily in the field of Earth observation and has subsequently taken advantage of its capabilities in stationary and mobile platforms, providing real-time solutions for e.g. autonomous driving, robotics, and drone applications. This paper presents two examples confirming applicability of LiDAR sensors in safety and inspection applications on railway infrastructure. SMART2 uses a stationary sensor (or more of them) for accident prevention and detection of dangerous obstacles at level crossings. The second application developed in the InspectRail project introduces a new way of controlling dangerous railway sections threatened by landslides, falling rocks, collapses of buildings, etc. LiDAR sensors and video cameras are utilized to inspect such sections, mounted on the autonomous mobile robots moving along the railway lines on steel cables stretched between catenary masts.
Dual locomotives for regional freight trains
Authors: Chýle Martin , Drábek Michal
Published: June 2022

This paper focuses on the possibilities of using dual locomotives in freight rail transport. It presents different types of power supplies for these vehicles, their categories and shows the possibilities of use regarding operational efficiency and emission savings. On a practical example, it demonstrates the suitability of deploying dual locomotives for a wide range of operation, including considerable savings in traction energy costs. It also provides examples of real deployment of these machines, particularly in the Czech Republic and the Central European region in general. Finally, an assessment of the benefits of dual engines is presented and a recommendation for appropriate operational deployment is made.
Influence of data acquisition speed on pavement layer thickness determined by GPR
Authors: Bezina Šime , Stančerić Ivica , Rukavina Tatjana , Domitrović Josipa
Published: June 2022

Information on pavement layer thickness is crucial for estimating bearing capacity, assessing remaining service life, and strengthening planning. Traditionally, the pavement layer thickness is determined by extracting cores and digging test pits. These methods are destructive, require temporary road closures and subsequent repairs, and at the same time provide incomplete information as the data relates to a specific location. For this reason, ground-penetrating radar has become one of the most widely used methods for determining pavement layer thickness in recent decades. GPR is a non-destructive testing method based on the emission of low-power electromagnetic waves to obtain images of subsurface layers. The reflection and scattering of the broadband electromagnetic waves emitted by the radar occur due to discontinuities in the electrical and magnetic properties of the structure under investigation. The echoes detected in the structures or subsurface layers under investigation are then converted into images using signal processing and imaging techniques. The main advantage of the GPR application is continuous data acquisition at a steady driving speed without interrupting traffic, resulting in reduced cost and inconvenience to users. This study aimed to investigate the effect of data acquisition speed on the accuracy and repeatability of the GPR method for determining pavement layer thickness. Data acquisition was performed using a survey vehicle equipped with an air-coupled GPR system. The speed of the survey vehicle varied between 30 and 100 km/h (in steps of 10 km/h). After interpreting the GPR data, the pavement layers thickness was compared with the cores.
Impact of Eurocode Load Model 3 on the design of highway and expressway bridges
Authors: Vlašić Anđelko , Srbić Mladen , Šavor Zlatko , Mandić Ivanković Ana
Published: June 2022

According to Eurocode HRN EN 1991-2 and Croatian National Annex HRN EN 1991-2/NA highway and expressway bridges need to be designed for Load Model 1 (heavy vehicles) and Load Model 3 (special vehicles) traffic loads. Classes of special vehicles are defined in Annex A of HRN EN 1991-2, while the Croatian National Annex requires the use of 15 axle special vehicle with total weight of 3000 kN and axle loads of 200 kN. The simultaneity of LM1 and LM2 is also covered by the standard, depending on the travel speed of the special vehicles. Design practice has shown that these design requirements have notable impact on bridges in the 30 to 100 m span range. In this paper, the results of a parametric study on a group of continuous girder bridges with different spans and carriageway widths are presented, to determine the exact difference in resulting hogging and sagging moments and shear forces between LM1 and LM3 Load Models. Thus, the governing Load Model and its effect on the design for the relevant range of bridges is determined. A recommendation is made as to when each Load Model should be used in design.
Seismic retrofitting of existing road bridges – current state of practice
Authors: Skokandić Dominik , Vlašić Anđelko , Kušter Marić Marija , Srbić Mladen , Mandic Ivanković Ana
Published: June 2022

Seismic assessment and subsequent retrofitting of existing road bridges is a growing challenge for structural engineers in earthquake-prone areas. Following the two catastrophic earthquakes which occurred in the last two years in Croatia, the awareness (both from the engineers and public) for older existing road bridges is heightened. As they were designed according to old codes, and due to their age, deterioration, and increased traffic volume over the last decades, these bridges are in need of assessment (and retrofitting when required). The first part of the paper provides a theoretical overview of bridge behavior during seismic events and the identification of critical structural elements, based on the bridge type and size. In the second part, the review on the most commonly used techniques for seismic retrofitting of these bridges is given, with practical examples were available. The techniques are divided based on the corresponding structural elements and bridge types, with a focus on reinforced and prestressed concrete bridges as the most common bridge types in Croatia and the surrounding region.
Deep Convolutional Neural Network for Real-Time Facial Expression Detection
Authors: Gomathi Dr. S. , Jaasmin P. Hawwa , Lakshmi K.
Published: June 2022

Facial Emotional Recognition is an interesting topic with a wide range of various applications such as image and video retrieval, automated tutoring systems, human-computer interaction, and driver warning systems. Facial expression is one of the nonverbal communication. With the help of analyzing human facial emotion, the inner feelings and real emotions of a person can be identified. Capturing the dynamics of facial expression progression in the video is an essential and challenging task for facial expression recognition (FER). The proposed system uses a new low-cost and multi-user framework based on big data analysis for patient feelings, where emotion is detected in terms of facial expression. A Faster region convolutional neural network (FRCNN) is applied to the whole facial observation to learn the global characteristics of six different expressions namely Happy, Sad, anger, surprise, and neutral. Finally, the Predicted emotions are shown as output.
Analysis of quantitative and qualitative extractive components extracted from hornbeam (Carpinus betulus L.) and yakal (Shorea astylosa Foxw.) wood
Authors: Sierant Dominik , Szadkowska Dominka
Published: June 2022

The aim of the study was analysis of quantitative and qualitative extractive components extracted from hornbeam (Carpinus betulus L.) and yakal (Shorea astylosa Foxw.) wood. Two wood species similar to each other in terms of microscopic structure and physical properties, the native wood of Hornbeam (Carpinus betulus L.) and the yakal wood (Shorea astylosa Foxw.) endemic to the Philippines, which is still little understood, were investigated. Wood is a material composed mainly of polymers called lignocellulose which includes: (cellulose, lignin and hemicelluloses), but also contains many extractive and mineral substances. . The extractive content of wood in temperate climates is approximately for up to 5% by weight of wood. Their identification is difficult because of the wide variety and multiplicity of compounds present. However, extractive compounds are important for the resistance of trees and wood to biological agents such as fungal infestation or insect infestation. Usually the zones of dead wood (heartwood or cored wood) are characterized by a higher content of extractives. The understanding of the chemical composition of extractives in wood can contribute to the development of wood preservative products and environmentally friendly and would be part of the green chemistry policy.
Countering Islamophobia in the Victorian Population
Authors: Dunn Kevin , Sharples Rachel , Mansouri Fethi , Paradies Yin , Vergani Matteo , McGarty Craig , Elias Ammanuel
Published: June 2022

This brief provides contemporary empirical insights into the extent of Islamophobia in Victoria, and how it is manifest, in order the help develop policy responses.
Effect of Metformin or Vitamin E on Ultrasonographic Grade and Biochemical Findings of Children and Adolescents with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Homaei Ali , Alhadad Maaz , Arad Banafsheh , Saffari Fatemeh
Published: June 2022

Background: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most frequent form of liver disease in children, defined as the infiltration of fat into more than 5% of liver cells with metabolic syndrome consisting of dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and obesity. Objectives: This study aimed to assay the effect of metformin or vitamin E on ultrasonographic grade and biochemical findings of children and adolescents with NAFLD. Methods: This clinical trial was performed on 150 non-diabetic obese children with NAFLD in the age range of 10 to 14 in Qazvin, Iran, during 2018 - 2019. The participants were randomly assigned to three groups: Group 1 was treated with metformin at a dose of 500 mg twice daily for three months; group 2 received vitamin E at a dose of 400 units twice daily; and group 3 received a placebo. In addition, all the three groups were given the same proper diet and advised to increase their physical activity. SPSS software version 23 was used to analyze the data. Results: After the intervention, in groups receiving metformin and vitamin E, the grades of fatty liver decreased significantly (P < 0.05), and the decrease was more significant in the group receiving metformin. Conclusions: Insulin resistance is one of the critical factors in the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. By reducing insulin resistance with drug treatment, desirable results can be achieved.
Umelecky býva človek: Advenant ako herec vo filozofii Clauda Romana
Authors: Marcel Šedo
Published: June 2022

Štúdia interpretuje udalostnú hermeneutiku francúzskeho fenomenológa Clauda Romana, ktorú postuloval v publikáciách Udalosť a svet, Udalosť a čas a Tam je, a to cez prizmu umeleckej skúsenosti. Štúdia si kladie za cieľ interpretovať pojmy ako udalosť, advenant, ex-per-iancia, rekonfigurácia a ničota a poukázať na ich súvislosť s umením. Pracovná téza je: Advenant býva umelecky. Cieľom štúdie tak nie je len analýza a pred-stavenie Romanovho diela, ale aj vyzdvihnutie tendencií smerujúcich k chápaniu udalosti a advenanta v umeleckých kontúrach. Štúdia preto analyzuje autorov kontext, ktorý tvorí fenomenologická hermeneutika, predovšetkým diela Martina Heideggera a Henriho Maldineya. V súvislosti s rekonfiguratívnym aspektom advenantovho bytia sa v štúdii stáva ústredným konceptom pojem figúry, z ktorého následne vyplýva problém herectva.