bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sensor guided unicompartmental to total knee arthroplasty revision: Surgical technique
Authors: Indelli Pier Francesco , Risitano Salvatore , Pipino Gennaro , Ghirardelli Stefano , Violante Bruno
Published: January 2021

Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty (UKA) is an effective surgical option for managing unicompartmental knee osteoarthritis; it represents 10% of all knee arthroplasties worldwide, increasing 32.5% annually in the United States alone. Despite evolution in surgical technique and implant design, success rate and long-term survivorship of UKA have been historically lower than Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA). The most common causes of UKA failure leading to revision are polyethylene wear, progression of arthritis, aseptic loosening and patella-femoral symptoms due to poor patient selection in many cases. Historically, UKA revisions have presented technical challenges mainly related to managing residual bone defects and ligament insufficiency ultimately leading to knee instability: the fear of instability has often pushed surgeons to lower the threshold for an increase of the intra-articular level of constraint. Unfortunately, the use of more constrained implants requires sacrificing bone stock and has been related to higher rates of re-revision secondary to recurrence of aseptic loosening. Because of these challenges, the authors developed a surgical technique that could combine balancing the knee during revision surgery with the use of the less constrained polyethylene option. To achieve this, we started evaluating a novel device (VERASENSE, Orthosensor, FL) designed to support soft tissue balancing during primary TKA. This intraoperative sensing technology dynamically quantifies intra-articular loads during TKA trial with the goal of correcting any residual imbalance in real time. Herein we propose a novel surgical technique, which might allow use of a primary TKA design characterized by a lower level of constraint, instead of a constrained or hinged revision knee system, during UKA revision. A key aspect of this technique is the use of sensing technology during intraoperative stability testing.
Granulomatous reaction following bacillus Calmette–Guérin vaccination: Successful response to clarithromycin
Authors: Nanda Arti , Al-Sabah Humoud , Al-Sumait Anwar , AlNaqi Nadia , Al-Otaibi Mohammad , AlLafi Atlal
Published: January 2021

We report a 3-year-old girl with a delayed nontuberculous granulomatous reaction on a bacillus Calmette–Guérin injection site with dissemination to distant sites who showed a favorable response to clarithromycin used for 12 weeks with no recurrence on a follow-up of more than 2 years.
A Prospective Comparative Study between Day Care Spine Surgery and Conventional Spine Surgery
Authors: Thounaojam Chandra Kumar , Borkar Sachin A. , Sharma Ravi , Phalak Manoj , Sharma Rajeev , Sharad Kale Shashank
Published: January 2021

Background:

Day care spine surgery though practiced in many centers around the world, is still relatively an unchartered territory here in India, with very few centers performing spine surgeries in a day care setup. Our study was conducted to assess the feasibility of day care spine surgery in our setup.

Materials and Methods:

This is a prospective observational study in which patients who had undergone spinal surgery (lumbar discectomies, intradural-extramedullary lesions [IDEMs] and extradural space-occupying lesions [SOLs] extending up to one and a half vertebral levels, and one or two level anterior cervical discectomy and fusion [ACDF] in a day care setting) in our department from March 2018 to December 2018, were recruited. Of the 68 patients recruited, 33 were in the day care group and 35 were in the routine group. Data was collected on type of pathology, comorbidities, spinal segment involved, type of surgical procedure; visual analog scale (VAS) score in the preoperative period, immediately after surgery, 12h after the discharge, and at suture removal, length of hospital stay, cost, conversion of the day care to a routine admission, and disability/functional outcome.

Results:

We found comparable surgical results and postoperative pain profile in both the groups; median VAS in the immediate post-op period was found to be 5 in the day care and 4 in the routine group, at 12h after discharge, it was found to be 4 in both the groups, and at suture removal, it was found to be 2 in both the groups. There was statistically significant decrease in hospital stay and cost with a P value of 0.001 for both. Mean length of hospital stay was 1.15 ± 0.36 days in the day care and 9.66 ± 4.76 in the routine group. Mean cost was 2142.97 rupees in the day care, whereas it was 17971.94 rupees in the routine group. There were no new onset neurological deficits in the day care group. Five cases were converted from the day care group due to various reasons.

Conclusion:

One and two level lumbar prolapsed intervertebral discs (PIVDs)/canal stenosis, cervical PIVDs, especially single-level PIVD, IDEMs, and extradural SOLs can be performed in a day care setting.
Position-related Neurovascular Injuries Detected by Intraoperative Monitoring
Authors: Gowda Shaila
Published: January 2021

Background:

Poor patient positioning during surgeries can result in vascular and peripheral nerve injuries. The purpose of this study was to analyze the various etiologic factors related to positioning detected by intraoperative monitoring (IOM) and make recommendations for prevention of comorbidities.

Materials and Methods:

The data for a total of 4450 consecutively monitored patients who underwent orthopedic and neurosurgical procedures were retrospectively reviewed. Patients with signal changes related to positioning detected by IOM were analyzed for position, modalities, timing of interventions, duration of surgery, and etiologic factors. Deficit and non-deficit groups were further compared using Wilcoxon rank sum test.

Results:

Intraoperative evidence of impending neurologic injury was seen 1.1% times, most frequently due to malpositioning of upper extremities (57%) in prone position (55%). Shoulder tape, bootstrap, thigh/hip pads, sitting and lower extremity malpositioning were other etiologic factors. Appropriate intervention was performed within 3min 66% of the time. Four patients developed new postoperative deficits: brachial plexopathy (n = 3) and bilateral sciatic neuropathy (n = 1). The deficit group had longer duration of surgery (P = 0.031), and neurophysiological (NP) signal changes persisted for an increased time interval (P = 0.0084) when compared to the non-deficit group.

Conclusion:

Prolonged duration of surgery and persistence of NP signal changes can increase the risk of potential neurovascular injury. Intraoperative neurovascular injuries due to positioning can occur in various settings. Early recognition of signal changes during monitoring and immediate intervention is likely to prevent neurological deficits.
Intravitreal Bevacizumab (Avastin) as An Adjuvant Therapy for Choroidal Carcinoid Metastasis
Authors: Karimi Saeed , Arabi Amir , Shahraki Toktam
Published: January 2021

Purpose:

To report a case of choroidal carcinoid metastasis with neovascularization of the optic disc and macular edema that was treated with three sessions of intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) as an adjuvant therapy with photodynamic therapy (PDT).

Methods:

A 16-year-old patient with a diagnosis of lung carcinoid tumor presented to an ophthalmology clinic with a complaint of decreased vision in his right eye. Fundus examination revealed choroidal carcinoid metastasis in addition to neovascularization of the optic disc. Macular optical coherence tomography revealed cystoid macular edema and subretinal fluid. The patient was treated with PDT in addition to three sessions of intravitreal anti-VEGF injections.

Results:

Following the treatment, the new vessels regressed, and visual acuity improved. Furthermore, central retinal thickness reduced significantly. The tumor size reduced significantly over a follow-up period of 6 weeks.

Conclusion:

Choroidal carcinoid metastasis may be complicated by neovascularization of optic disc, which responds favorably to intravitreal injections of bevacizumab.
Relevance of Multicolor Imaging in Type 2 Macular Telangiectasia
Authors: Venkatesh Ramesh , Pereira Arpitha , Bavaharan Bharathi , Jain Kushagra , Aseem Aditya , Sangai Sajjan , Yadav Naresh Kumar
Published: January 2021

Purpose:

To report the imaging characteristics of various clinical features in idiopathic macular telangiectasia (MacTel 2) on multicolor imaging (MCI) and compare its accuracy vis-à-vis color fundus photograph (CFP) and fluorescein angiography (FA).

Methods:

In this retrospective observational study, 54 eyes of 27 patients with MacTel 2 were included after institutional review board approval. Multimodal imaging with CFP, optical coherence tomography (OCT), MCI, and FA was done. Images were analyzed to identify and describe the clinical findings in MacTel 2. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were computed for the various imaging modalities in MacTel 2.

Results:

In this study, the MCI identified all the different clinical features of MacTel 2 in 100% of cases. The confocal blue reflectance (BR) image was more sensitive than CFP (100% vs. 96.3%) in identifying the loss of retinal transparency in MacTel 2. For other clinical features such as right-angled vessels, superficial retinal crystals, and retinal pigment epithelial hyperplasia/plaques, the sensitivity of BR, and green reflectance (GR) image, was comparable to that of CFP. Confocal infrared reflectance (IR) images showed poor sensitivity in identifying the non-proliferative features in MacTel 2 (P < 0.001). Loss of retinal transparency was not picked up on IR image. Other features such as right-angled vessels, superficial retinal crystals, and pigment plaques were seen in 20%, 4.6%, and 26.3% of cases, respectively. However, confocal IR images were superior to FA (100% vs. 47%) and CFP (100% vs. 15%) in identifying the extent and location of subretinal neovascular membrane. The confocal BR and GR images were unable to identify the choroidal neovascular membrane (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:

MCI is a useful and non-invasive imaging modality to identify the clinical features in MacTel 2. MCI can be used as a complementary imaging tool to CFP, FA, and OCT.
Variability of soil physical and hydraulic properties along a toposequence in the coastal lowlands of Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Gaia-Gomes João Henrique , Pinheiro Junior Carlos Roberto , Pereira Marcos Gervasio , Almeida Wilk Sampaio de , Silva Geuzimar Terração
Published: January 2021

Soil physical and hydraulic properties are interdependent, and soil-use planning and management are complicated by the high variability of these attributes. The current study assessed the variability of physical and hydraulic properties of soils along a toposequence located in a forest fragment under spontaneous regeneration in the coastal lowlands of Rio de Janeiro. Four soil profiles were selected, and samples were collected from surface and subsurface horizons for determination of moisture content, bulk density, macroporosity, microporosity, hydraulic conductivity, texture, and soil resistance to penetration (measured using benchtop and field penetrometers). Exploratory and principal component analyses were performed, and descriptive parameters and Pearson’s correlation coefficients were calculated. In A horizons of profiles 3 (Planossolo) and 4 (Gleissolo), clay contents ranged from 59.0 to 577.0 g kg-1, moisture contents from 1.5 to 16.4%, and microporosity from 10.4 to 46.2%, respectively. Field- and laboratory-measured penetration resistances showed a stronger association with profile 1 (Argissolo); however, values were not sufficiently high to limit root development. The variability in soil physical and hydraulic properties in short slopes is high, mainly in terms of hydraulic conductivity, moisture, microporosity, and clay content. The greater variability of soil physical and hydraulic properties in lowland is attributed to clay and silt fractions, microporosity, and moisture content. The increment in clay content with depth increases bulk density and resistance to root penetration.
Local Taxation of Tourism in the Context of the Collaborative Economy – Case Study from the Czech Republic
Authors: Plzáková Lucie , Studnička Petr
Published: January 2021

Tourism management has undergone significant changes in recent years under the influence of two factors: the strengthening of the fiscal decentralization approach and the development of a collaborative economy that significantly affects the tourism market, both on the supply and demand side. Tourism taxes are one of the management tools on the local level. The paper focuses on innovation in the act on local charges and fees so that it meets the requirements of the current state and the expected development in the future, laying emphasis on the use of digital platforms in tourism. The proposed and accepted legal regulation will bring the Czech self-government many advantages such as i) extended powers for self-government; ii) increased revenues to the municipalities´ budgets; iii) the update of such groups of tourists that are exempted from local taxation, and iv) the liability to ensure local taxation for all types of objects providing short-term temporary accommodation.
Gıdalarda Escherichia Coli O157:H7 Yaygınlığının Riskleri ve Kontrolü
Authors: TURGUT Nalan
Published: January 2021

Toplum sağlığı açısından risk taşıyan ve gıda kaynaklı bir patojen olan Escherichia coli O157:H7 önemli ve tehlikeli mikroorganizmalardan birisidir. Patojenin bulaşma yollarının bilinmesi, yayılmayı önleyici tedbirlerin tam olarak anlaşılması ve bulaşma riskinin azalma yollarının tespiti insanların bu patojenden korumada en önemli kriterlerdendir. Bu çalışmada patojenin tam olarak kaynaklarının bilinmesi, bulaşma yolları ve yayılmasını engellemede güncel çalışmaları kullanarak kişilerin bu patojen kaynaklı rahatsızlıkların önüne geçilmesine yardımcı olmak amaçlanmıştır. Konuyla ilgili olarak son dönemlerde yapılmış olan çalışmalar incelendiğinde etmenin bulaşma yollarına dikkat çekilmiş, özellikle iyi pişirilmemiş et ürünlerinin tüketimi, pastörize edilmemiş süt tüketimi, kontamine olmuş havuz ya da göl sularında yüzmek dünyada görülen enfeksiyonların sebebi olmasından dolayı bulaşma riskini ortadan kaldırmak ve hastalıktan korunmaya yardımcı olmak adına yaşam kalitesini artırıcı etkisi bulunan konular üzerinde önem kazanmıştır.
Lavagem de dinheiro e infração antecedente: conexão e seus efeitos
Authors: Nasralla Victor Waquil
Published: January 2021

O artigo tem por objeto analisar a aplicação das regras que tratam da conexão no processo penal, especificamente no que concerne aos crimes de lavagem de dinheiro e seus delitos antecedentes. Para tanto, analisar-se-á a legislação ordinária específica sobre o processamento dos crimes de branqueamento e os delitos antecedentes, bem como as regras gerais do Código de Processo Penal sobre o tema, além de normas infralegais prorrogadoras de competência (criação de varas especializadas), tendo sempre como premissa o conteúdo e os limites dentro dos quais se assegura a garantia constitucional do juiz natural. A partir de então, analisar-se-á a definição da competência nos casos de conexão entre crime antecedente de competência da Justiça Eleitoral e o crime de lavagem de dinheiro, bem como delito antecedente cometido por agente com foro por prerrogativa de função e o crime de branqueamento de capitais cometido por particular sem a mencionada prerrogativa, ou vice-versa, e nas hipóteses de ambos acusados terem foro por prerrogativa de função, mas que a CF atribui a tribunais diversos.
A reinserção social na jurisprudência do Tribunal de Justiça da União Europeia: o que nos falta? O que precisamos?
Authors: Caria Rui Jorge Fonseca
Published: January 2021

A jurisprudência do Tribunal de Justiça da União Europeia (TJUE) mostra-se uma fonte crucial para a interpretação do direito da União Europeia e dos princípios a que aderem os Estados-Membros. A cooperação judiciária em matéria penal exige esforços no que diz respeito ao entendimento desses princípios, nomeadamente, aos que estão directamente relacionados com a punição e execução de penas privativas de liberdade. Este estudo explora o conceito de reinserção social na doutrina portuguesa, utilizando-o como instrumento de análise da jurisprudência do TJUE, no sentido de procurar um entendimento comum sobre a reinserção social na União Europeia. Nessa análise, serão salientados os contributos positivos quanto a esse conceito, bem como as insuficiências, acrescentando-se algumas vias de resposta revisitando o pensamento de Alvino Augusto de Sá e Carl Rogers.
A falibilidade da saúde pública sob a égide de um conceito restritivo de bem jurídico coletivo
Authors: Miranda Luiz Henrique Nogueira Araújo
Published: January 2021

O presente artigo tem por objetivo analisar a falibilidade da “saúde pública”, eleita como o bem a ser protegido pelas normas penais contidas no título VIII, capítulo III do Código Penal e na Lei nº. 11.343/06, diante de um conceito restritivo e garantista de bem jurídico coletivo. A metodologia utilizada foi a bibliográfica, constituída por livros e artigos científicos, e a pesquisa documental, por meio de análise de relatórios de pesquisas. Pretende-se restringir o conceito de bem jurídico supraindividual, adotando a teoria personalista de Hassemer, acrescida por requisitos objetivos formulados por Hefendehl, que visam a limitar a arbitrariedade do legislador penal na criação de novos tipos penais sob a orientação de proteção de falsos bens jurídicos coletivos. Os requisitos adicionais utilizados são: a não exclusividade do uso, não rivalidade do consumo e não distributividade conceitual, fática ou jurídica. Por fim, acredita-se que, aplicando um conceito crítico de bem jurídico, é possível chegar à conclusão de que apenas a saúde individualmente verificada constitui um bem jurídico legítimo, sendo, portanto, a “saúde pública” um falso bem jurídico coletivo.
A Cluster of Neurobrucellosis at King Hussein Medical Center, Jordan - A Comprehensive
Analysis And Review.
Authors: Aktham Al Dhomour , Awni Al Shyyab , Shaher Al Etan , Mohammed Al Adamat , Bani Salamah Amin , Laith Al Habahbeh
Published: January 2021

In this retrospective review, we describe the neurological clinical manifestations in
five cases diagnosed with neurobrucellosis over two years between 2018 and 2020,
and the application of different proposed criteria for establishing the diagnosis and
treatment of neurobrucellosis. All cases were confirmed to have brucellosis with
laboratory tests, and all were living in Jordan, which is considered part of a highly
endemic area within the Middle East. The neurobrucellosis proposed criteria was
applied, which requires signs and symptoms consistent with neurobrucellosis,
presence of anti-Brucella antibodies in cerebrospinal fluid and serum with or without
isolation of Brucella species in CSF and serum, cerebrospinal fluid analysis shows:
lymphocytosis, high protein level, and low glucose level and radiological findings on
MRI or CT. In all five cases, we have confirmed direct contact with animals or animal
products either as a consumer or as a farmworker. Their signs and symptoms were
consistent with brucellosis. In all cases, haematological and CSF results, in addition to
imaging findings using magnetic resonance and computed tomography, were highly
coherent with neurobrucellosis. Neurobrucellosis can present with different clinical
manifestations, either as a sole site of infection like acute or subacute meningitis or
myelitis, or in context of a multi variable systemic disease. In patients with unusual
neurological clinical presentations, and those with persistent chronic symptoms like
headache, malaise, or depression, neurobrucellosis should be highly suspected,
especially in endemic areas. Such patients must have a prolonged course of antibiotics
between 6 to 18 months with close monitoring of their serum and CSF examination
ANALISIS PRODUK, HARGA, DISTRIBUSI DAN PROMOSI YANG BERPENGARUH TERHADAP KEPUASAN KONSUMEN UNTUK MENGURANGI PERPINDAHAN MEREK PADA A&W RESTAURANT MASPION SQUARE PERIODE 2015-2018
Authors: Cahyadinata Danang Prastiya , Cholifah Cholifah , Sutopo Sutopo
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar tingkat kepuasan konsumen yang ada di A&W Restaurant Periode 2015-2018, penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif. Data yang diteliti berupa laporan yang didapatkan dari seorang Manager A&W Restaurant, data yang berhubungan dengan variabel yang saya teliti. Hasil penelitian dapat ditinjau dari sebuah hasil penelitian yang berhubungan dengan kepuasan konsumen dengan beberapa faktor diantaranya Produk, Harga, Distribusi dan Promosi Terhadap Kepuasan Konsumen untuk mengurangi perpindahan merek. Pada kesimpulan keseluruhan dari analisis yang sudah dilakukan di A&W Restaurant Giant Maspion Square bahwa Produk, Harga, Distribusi dan Promosi sangat berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Kepuasan Konsumen untuk mengurangi perpindahan merek.
PENGARUH PERTUMBUHAN USAHA MIKRO KECIL MENENGAH (UMKM) TERHADAP TINGKAT PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI DI KABUPATEN SIDOARJO
Authors: Wijaya Sheylla Akseleria , Pudjowati Juliani , Fattah Abdul
Published: January 2021

Pertumbuhan Ekonomi merupakan bagian penting yang harus dimiliki oleh suatu daerah, di mana pertumbuhan ekonomi yang stabil maka akan menimbulkan suatu kesejahteraan pada suatu daerah. Pertumbuhan Ekonomi dikatakan stabil dapat dilihat bagaimana peran masyarakat dalam memanfaatkan Lingkungan sekitar yang ada di daerah itu sendiri.  Beberapa faktor juga dapat menunjang adanya pertumbuhan ekonomi, salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi pertumbuhan ekonomi Kabupaten Sidoarjo adalah pertumbuhan UMKM. Banyaknya jumlah UMKM akan memberi efek baik, karena UMKM adalah sektor perekonomian yang potensial dan memberikan banyak manfaat kepada masyarakat, khususnya masyarakat golongan menengah ke bawah, dikarenakan UMKM juga dapat membuka lapangan pekerjaan bagi masyarakat. Pertumbuhan UMKM di Kabupaten Sidoarjo akan saling berkaitan  dengan  pertumbuhan ekonomi Kabupaten Sidoarjo, untuk mengetahui tingkat signifikansi pertumbuhan ekonomi di kabupaten sidoarjo maka dilakukan pengujian parsial dengan menggunakan variabel jumlah UMKM, Nilai Produksi, Modal Usaha, Nilai Investasi dan Pertumbuhan Ekonomi dan dari hasil penelitian terdapat variabel yang berpengaruh positif  terhadap tingkat pertumbuhan Ekonomi,  sedangkan  untuk variabel jumlah UMKM,   Nilai Produksi , Modal Usaha dan  Nilai Investasi berpengaruh  signifikan terhadap tingkat pertumbuhan ekonomi di Kabupaten Sidoarjo.
PENGARUH RASIO KEUANGAN TERHADAP KONDISI FINANCIAL DISTRESS PADA PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR SUB SEKTOR KIMIA YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA TAHUN 2014-2017
Authors: Wafi Amirah Hibatul , Rahman Arief , Inayah Nur Lailiyatul
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah rasio keuangan mempunyai pengaruh terhadap kondisi financial distress pada perusahaan manufaktur sub sektor kimia yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) periode 2014-2017. Untuk menentukan sampel dalam penelitian ini digunakan teknik non probability sampling, yaitu sampling purposive dengan menetapkan beberapa kriteria yang harus dipenuhi untuk digunakan sebagai sampel. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi linear berganda dengan menggunakan bantuan SPSS Versi 25. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hanya ada dua rasio keuangan yang berpengaruh signifikan terhadap financial distress, yaitu rasio working capital to total assets dan earning before interest and taxes to total assets. Sementara ke empat rasio lainnya tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap financial distress.
Политичко-морална одговорност Цркве у савременом друштву: позив на преображај или херојски подухват?
Authors: Млађеновић Ана , Чајковић Марко
Published: January 2021

Овај рад ће на­сто­ја­ти да при­зму ин­те­лек­ту­ал­не оп­ти­ке усме­ри на јед­ну ком­па­ра­тив­ну ана­ли­зу исто­риј­ских окол­но­сти хри­шћан­ске Цр­кве са на­гла­ском на на­чи­не на ко­је се хри­шћан­ски етос про­ја­вљу­је у спо­ра­дич­ним по­ли­тич­ким пре­лом­ним тре­ну­ци­ма, од ко­јих за­ви­си да­љи пра­вац цр­кве­не исто­ри­је. У да­љем ра­ду, би­ће да­ти опи­си са­вре­ме­ног се­ку­лар­ног ам­би­јен­та Цр­кве, уз со­ци­јал­ну уло­гу и зна­чај Цр­кве у то­ку пре­суд­них исто­риј­ских до­га­ђа­ја. Ма­ни­фе­ста­ци­је де­ло­ва­ња Цр­кве су од­је­ки­ва­ле и у по­ли­тич­ком све­ту, и та де­ло­ва­ња се мо­гу сма­тра­ти и не­ком вр­стом по­ли­тич­ког ак­ти­ви­зма. Сто­га, кључ­но пи­та­ње ко­је ти при­ме­ри и обра­сци тре­ба да пру­же је на ко­ји на­чин то со­ци­о­по­ли­тич­ко де­ло­ва­ње Цр­кве мо­же са се спро­ве­де у је­ван­ђељ­ском ду­ху, а по­себ­но у ери ли­бе­рал­ног, се­ку­ла­р­ног дру­штва?
Penerapan Model Concept Sentence untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Menulis Karangan Narasi Siswa
Authors: Salsabila Shofia , Saefuddin Asis , Hidayat Heri
Published: January 2021

This research was motivated by a lack of students' vocabularies so that they have difficulty narrating ideas into their writing. Students also often repeated the same words and used the local language. The purpose of this study was to determine students' narrative essay writing skills before the use of the concept sentence model, as well as student's learning activities using the concept sentence model at MI Al-Khoiriyyah III Garut Regency. This research was a Classroom Action Research consisted of two cycles. The results showed the activities of students before the concept sentence model was still lacking (43.04%), and the average of learning outcomes was only (48.69). The use of the concept sentence model run according to its stages, the activities, and students' learning outcomes have increased in every cycle. In the first cycle, the students' activities reached 66.85% and then increased in the second cycle by 78.81%. While students' learning outcomes in the first cycle of action I reached 62.82 then increased in action II by 69.35. As for the second cycle of action I students' learning outcomes reached 75, and for the action II reached 82.61 by very good criteria.
Prekarijat i neka pitanja društvene strukture i društvenih nejednakosti
Authors: Marković Aleksandra
Published: January 2021

Opravdanost uvođenja još uvek relativno novog pojma prekarijata u naučni fond znanja je pitanje koje zahteva posebnu analizu i argumentaciju. No, bez obzira na to sa kojih stanovišta polazimo, pripadnici prekarijata (ili pojedinaca koji se nalaze u izrazito prekarnom položaju u savremenim društvima) ne levitiraju nezavisno jedni od drugih i od ostalih društvenih grupacija. Stoga je cilj ovog rada bio pre svega da pruži čitaocima kratki prikaz kompleksnosti ispitivanja društvene strukture i sistema, pre svega kroz pregled osnovnih teorijskih pravaca proučavanja društvene stratifikacije i nejednakosti, te da otvori pitanje da li i na koji način bi prekarijat mogao biti epistemološki ali i metodološki ispitivan u proučavanjima društvene stratifikacije. Ponuđen je prikaz, kao i kritika, jednog od, za sada, najuticajnijih empirijskih istraživanja društvene strukture, u kojem je prekarijat prepoznat kao jedna od društvenih grupa koji sačinjavaju strukturu britanskog društva (BBC’s Great British Class Survey, 2011).
Neurological and Molecular Basis of Diabetic Neuropathy
Authors:   Department of Medicine, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria, Alare Kehinde , Alare Taiwo ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria, Odunita Tope ,   Department of Biochemistry, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria, Adetunji Busayo ,   Department of Medicine, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria, Owonikoko Oladoja ,   Department of Medicine, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria
Published: January 2021

Aims: the aim of the research is to look to the neurological and molecular mechanism of diabetic neuropathy and also suggesting a better way of management. Methods: Critical reviews of the relationship between hyperglycemia in diabetes with polyol pathway, hexose monophosphate shunt and de novo synthesis of sphingolipids and how this relationship could be involved in diabetic neuropathy. Results: The research gave rise to some factor causing diabetic neuropathy such as osmotic stress, oxidative stress , dymelination and are gotten from the method above. Conclusion: This research pointed out decrease NADPH available for de novo synthesis of sphingomyelin as result of increase consumption by polyol pathway and decrease production by hexose monophosphate shunt as the main factor responsible for diabetic neuropathy
An Exploration of Adamu Kyuka Usman’s Style of Introduction in Hope in Anarchy
Authors: Oladayo Muniru Murana , AbdulWahab Hafsat
Published: January 2021

Every good piece of writing, fictional or otherwise is marked by a good introduction. This initial part is the primary provider of the reader’s first impression that sustains the reading. The introduction as well as the other parts of a written or spoken text is essentially realized through specially selected language. In prose fiction, special selections and patterns are the hallmarks. This paper explores the devices of style deployed by Usman in the creation of the introduction to Hope in Anarchy. It involves an intensive reading of the first chapter of the novel to unravel its artistic underpinnings for creating and sustaining the interest of the reader in the story. This thorough reading follows a general but careful reading of the entire text to establish the writer’s preoccupation and general tone. Excerpts from the introductory chapter form the data, and the analytical framework is linguistic stylistics. The analysis reveals that the novelist annexes contrastive lexical and syntactic devices, adjectives and adverbs of varied types and semantic nuances and morpho-phonological choices to introduce and delineate characters, develop events and create suspense. The paper concludes that both the novelty and typicality of the narrative derive from these stylistic constructs.
Female Readers as Literary Critics: Reading Experiences of Kano Market Romance Fiction
Authors: Kiyawa Haruna Alkasim
Published: January 2021

This paper aims to explore the female readers reading experiences, views and feelings of Hausa romance novels found in most of the northern part of Nigeria. This article also examines some criticism and accusations against the readership and content of the Hausa romance genre. The study applied the Transactional Reader-Response Theory of Rosenblatt’s (1978) as guide by selecting 7 female readers within the age ranges between 22-26 years from 2 book clubs to participate in the study. The findings revealed that all the readers individually were able to reveal their varied responses, beliefs, and experiences on the value of the romance novels which challenged the assertion made by the literary critics and traditional society that the books have no relevance in their life activities which supported their arguments and personal interpretive reading stance towards the Hausa romance genre. The finding yielded four themes were emerging: (a) promoting literacy development; (b) resistance to the traditional marriage system in society; (d) enlightening females on social inequality. These findings provided empirical support for the application of the Transactional Reader-Response Theory of Rosenblatt (1978) outside classroom contexts to understand the role of African romance novels towards female social transformation.
Rancang Bangun Sistem Informasi Eksekutif Pada Pemerintah Kecamatan Belida Darat Kabupaten Muara Enim
Authors: Larassati Nurhera , Hadinata Novri , Sauda Siti
Published: January 2021

Kecamatan Belida Darat merupakan lembaga pemerintah yang berada di wilayah kabupaten Muara Enim. Kecamatan Belida Darat diresmikan oleh Bupati Muara Enim Ir. H Muzakir Sai Sohar pada tanggal 8 Oktober 2012, merupakan tindak lanjut dari Perda Kabupaten Muara Enim No.1 Tahun 2012 tanggal 20 Juli 2012 merupakan pemekaran dari Kecamatan Lembak. Karena merupakan kecamatan baru, kecamatan ini masih memerlukan banyak sistem yang berguna untuk mempermudah urusan yang ada di kecamatan. Tujuan melakukan penulisan skripsi ini adalah untuk merancang dan membangun suatu sistem informasi eksekutif pada kecamatan Belida Darat dengan berfokus pada laporan monografi. Metode  yang digunakan dalam pembuatan sistem ini adalah metode Waterfall. Metode ini merupakan salah satu metode yang banyak digunakan dalam pengembangan perangkat lunak. Hasil implementasi sistem diharapkan dapat mengatasi permasalahan-permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh kecamatan Belida Darat dalam menyajikan laporan untuk eksekutif.
Peneraapan Model HOT Fit pada Evaluasi Kinerja Human Resources Information System (HRIS) di KPKNL Palembang
Authors: Pertiwi Bunga , Yulianingsih Evi
Published: January 2021

Human Resources Information System (HRIS) is a system that functions to manage all information related to human resources in an institution. This study aims to evaluate and assess the current system and to see the relationship of the variables in the HOT Fit method to HRIS users in KPKNL Palembang. There are three independent variables in this model, each variable has its own sub-variables. Human variables have sub-variables: System Users (PS) and User Satisfaction (KP), Organization Variables have sub-variables: Organizational Structure (SO) and Organizational Environment (LO), and Technology Variables have sub-variables: System Quality (KS), Quality Information (IC), and Service Quality (KL), In addition to the independent variable of this study there are also dependent variables, namely Net Benefit. From these variables, it will be the focus of this research. In this study the authors will use quantitative descriptive research methods by observing, interviewing, and distributing questionnaires. This study uses a Likert scale in measuring employee attitudes and perceptions of the product to be assessed. Because there are only 38 Civil Servants (PNS), all of them will be taken as samples. From this study, the authors hope that the agency can use it as a reference in perfecting the current system.
Detection of Zoonotic Yersinia Infection in Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Dogs in Sokoto State Nigeria
Authors: Nathaniel Pilau Nicholas , Zaid Shehu , Sadiq Yakubu Abubakar , Saidu Bashir , Yakubu Dabai Umar
Published: January 2021

Background: Zoonotic Yersinia infection has been previously reported in humans and animal hosts in Nigeria, occasionally with fulminant disease. Despite earlier evidence of Yersinia pathogen circulating in human and animal populations in Nigeria, studies and suspicion index to Yersinia is below an acceptable average amongst clinicians, diagnosticians, academics and health policy officers. Methods: The Deoxycholate Citrate Agar (DCA) was used as selective media to culture Yersinia preceded by inoculation in MacConkay agar. Plates with evident growth in the differential media consistent with reported accounts for Yersinia were picked and inoculated in selective medium and left for 48 hours until growth was seen, other samples left until five days before being discarded as negative. Pure cultures were subjected to comprehensive biochemical tests standard and previously applied for diagnosis and discrimination of Yersinia species. Result: This research recorded an overall microbial prevalence of 30%. Prevalence of Yersinia enterocolitica was 18.3% and Y. pseudotuberculosis 11.7%. Male dogs presented a relative prevalence of Y.
Effect of Low Intensity Aerobic Exercise on Anthropometric Parameters and Cardiometabolic Risk Markers in Sedentary Individuals
Authors: Ahmed Isa Suleiman , Ladan Jangebe Muhtari , Bala Yabo Aminu , Maiakwai Lamido Halimatu
Published: January 2021

Background: Walking is a common form of low intensity exercise that is suitable for most sedentary population. Regulation of blood lipids is an important mechanism by which physical exercise reduces cardiovascular risk. Aim: This study aimed to determine whether low intensity exercise modulates cardiometabolic risk markers in previously sedentary individuals. Methods: Twenty sedentary adults (12 males and 8 females) participated in an eight weeks low intensity exercise. The exercise consisted of brisk walking for 45 minutes, 3 times per week for 8 weeks under supervision. Serum glucose, anthropometric parameters, blood pressure and lipid profile were determined at baseline and after four, six and eight weeks of the exercise programme. Results: There was a non-significant decrease in body mass index
Entrepreneurial Strategies and Growth of Women Micro-Enterprises in Kenya: A Case of Ongata Rongai, Kajiado North Sub County
Authors: Marete Josphine Ciamakanga , Mathenge Rev. Fr. Dr. Paul , Ntale Dr. Joseph
Published: January 2021

Purpose: The main purpose of this study was to examine entrepreneurial strategies and growth of women micro-enterprises in Ongata Rongai, Kajiado North Sub County. The study sought to establish the influence that innovation, networking, entrepreneurial training, and entrepreneurial finance have on the growth of women micro-enterprises in Ongata Rongai, Kajiado North Sub County.Methodology: The target population was three hundred and seventy-two registered enterprises in Ongata Rongai. Sample size determination table by Krejcie and Morgan (1970) was used. Hence, the sample size was one hundred and eighty-nine respondents. Questionnaires were the key data collection instrument. The collected data was analyzed using both quantitative and qualitative approaches. Descriptive analysis and inferential statistics were used. Descriptive data were summarized into frequencies and percentages with the help of the SPSS and presented using tables, figures, and pie charts. On the other hand, inferential analysis helped in establishing the statistical relationship between entrepreneurial strategies and growth of Women-led enterprises. Multiple Regression model was used to present the inferential analysis.Findings: The study found that eighty-one-point seven percent variations on the growth of women-led enterprises are explained by innovation, networking, entrepreneurial training, and entrepreneurial finance. There is a positive association and significant relationship between Innovation, Networking, Entrepreneurial Training and Entrepreneurial Finance.Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study recommended that there is a need for opportunities to be created that can help women entrepreneurs to network with other individuals from various professions on a regular basis. Women entrepreneurs should also seek more training in entrepreneurship skills. There is also need for mentorship and incubation programs aimed at promoting the growth of women enterprises. Financial institutions should also target women entrepreneurs through easy access to financial support. There is a need for a similar study to be carried out to establish the challenge facing the attainment of entrepreneurial skills among women entrepreneurs in rural or remote areas of Kenya.
Determinants Influencing the Performance of Child Welfare Protection Project: A Case of Charitable Children Institutions in Kilifi County, Kenya
Authors: Apeli Aleo Nipher , Kisimbii Dr. Johnbosco M.
Published: January 2021

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to examine the key determinants influencing the performance of child welfare protection project in Kilifi county, Kenya. The study aimed to achieve the following objectives: to examine the extent to which training of workers influences performance of child welfare protection project, to determine the extent to which stakeholder engagement influences performance of child welfare protection project, to establish the extent to which availability of financial resources influences performance of child welfare protection project and to assess how monitoring and evaluation approaches influences the performance of child welfare protection project.Methodology: The study adopted the descriptive research design.  The target population was 20 directors and 110 project workers which summed to 130 persons. The study sampled 101 respondents which included (15) directors and (86) project workers in the social department of 15 child charitable institutions. Purposive sampling and proportionate sampling were utilized respectively. Primary data was collected by use of close ended questionnaire and the return rate was 70%. Quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive statistics with the aid of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version) latest version. The study results were presented through frequency tables and narratives analysis.Results: The findings clearly depict that all determiners: training of workers, stakeholder engagement, availability of financial resources and monitoring and evaluation approaches were present in child welfare projects constituting of the composite mean of 3.9468, 2.988, 3.6798 and 3,9434 respectively while the dependent variable had a composite mean of 4.34. Hypothesis was tested on each alternative as per the objective using the simple Chi square test determined that training of workers had no significant influence on the performance of child welfare protection projects while stakeholder engagement, availability of financial resources and monitoring and evaluation had a significant influence on the performance of child welfare protection projects.Unique contribution to theory, policy and practice: The study recommends that further research be conducted on training to provide more insight of this variable. The study recommends training of workers through university-agency partnerships be fortified to bring about new ideas and skills among project workers in addition, firms should ensure child welfare practitioners are endowed with valuable M&E skills and suitable approaches to meet the set target and objectives.
Determinants of Deposit Money Banks’ Lending Behaviour to Private Sector of the Economy in Nigeria (1986-2017)
Authors: Akindutire Tonia
Published: January 2021

The study examined those factors that determine the deposit money bank's lending behaviour to private sector of the economy in Nigeria using annual time series data spanning from 1986 to 2017. Secondary data were sourced majorly from CBN Statistical Bulletin (2017). In measuring the variables, determinants of deposit money bank lending behaviour to private sector were subjected to bank-specific factors, regulation factors, financial deepening and macroeconomic factors. The bank-specific factors were proxied by volume of deposit (VD) and lending rate (LDR), regulation factor was proxied by reserve requirement (RSR), financial deepening was proxied by the ratio of the money supply to GDP (M2G) while macroeconomic variables were proxied by inflation (INF). The estimation techniques used for the study were the Augmented Dickey-Fuller test, pairwise Granger causality test and autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL). It was found that the variables in the series were integrated of difference order l(0) and l(1) and there was a significant relationship between bank lending behaviours and the identified determinants. In addition, it was revealed that the variables move in the long run, however, among the variables of interest, the volume of deposit and M2G determines bank lending behaviour in the short and long run while RSR, INF and LDR retard lending to private sector. The study also found that causality runs from the volume of deposits to private sector credit. Hence, the study concluded that there is a significant relationship between bank lending behaviour private sector and its determinants. It was recommended that bank lending rate should be brought down or flexible to meet up the categories of borrowers since there is common knowledge that high-interest rate discourages borrowers and influences banks to select bad loan offer which may affect the bank returns in the long run. Secondly, the reserve requirement dictated by CBN on deposit money banks should be reduced so as to enable banks to be more liquid for the private sector to access funds for their productive purposes and lastly, inflation should be made below 2 digits, as inflation above a digit may be unfriendly to economy activities thereby affecting the private-sector output which is germane to the economic growth.
A CERTIFICAÇÃO FAIRTRADENO SETOR EXPORTADOR DE FRUTAS FRESCAS NO BRASIL
Authors: Barbosa de Melo Rosemary , Palma Revillion Jean Philippe , Xavier da Silva Leonardo
Published: January 2021

No Brasil, a certificação Fairtrade é aplicada em diversos produtos; contudo, um dos que mais se destaca é o segmento de frutas frescas. Foi utilizada a Economia dos Custos de Transação (ECT) com o intuito de identificar e analisar os contratos existentes na rede Fairtrade de Frutas Frescas Brasileiras, bem como verificar o tipo de estrutura de governança da rede. O método adotado foi o estudo de caso. Iniciou-se pela pesquisa bibliográfica sobre a rede Fairtrade e a ECT. Em seguida, realizou-se a pesquisa documental por meio dos contratos e normas de produção e comercialização, disponibilizados pelas organizações produtoras e nos sites da Fairtrade International e Flo-Cert. Além disso, entrevistas semiestruturadas foram realizadas junto aos agentes envolvidos na referida rede. As análises identificaram que a governança na rede é do tipo híbrida e que a Fairtrade International atua como centro estratégico e possui a responsabilidade de coordenar toda a rede. Também foram identificados três tipos de contratos envolvendo as organizações produtoras (OPs), os quais ligam as OPs à rede Fairtrade, aos traders, e aos seus importadores. A relação que surge nas transações contratuais na rede é de dependência trilateral e os contratos são do tipo neoclássico, com frequência discreta. O estado do conhecimento atingido a partir dos contratos analisados pode ser utilizado em outros estudos, com impacto sobre a identificação se há um fortalecimento ou enfraquecimento das relações contratuais entre os agentes envolvidos na rede Fairtrade.
ANÁLISE DAS INTERVENÇÕES NAS EXPORTAÇÕES BRASILEIRAS DE CAFÉ SOLÚVEL PARA UNIÃO EUROPEIA NO PERÍODO DE 1995 A 2014
Authors: Carla Siqueira Larissa , Peixoto Chain Caio , Silvério Campos Renato
Published: January 2021

O presente trabalho teve por objetivo analisar o efeito de choques internacionais no mercado de café solúvel sobre a quantidade exportada de café solúvel do Brasil para a União Europeia, do primeiro trimestre de 1995 ao último trimestre de 2014. Como referencial analítico, utilizou-se o modelo de análise de intervenção para modelos ARIMA multivariados. Os resultados indicam que o PIB da União Europeia é significativo para as exportações brasileiras, além disso identificou-se que a Crise de 2008 e a intervenção na OMC DS 154 de 1998 afetaram negativamente o comportamento das exportações conforme esperado. Porém, a intervenção junto a OMC, DS209 de 2000 e a taxa de câmbio para o setor cafeeiro conilon não se comportaram conforme esperado. De maneira geral os resultados demonstraram efetivos para uma boa análise do comportamento das exportações brasileiras de café solúvel para União Europeia no período proposto.