bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identification of heterochromatic variations in nonsyndromic cleft lip and palate
Authors: Raj Soumya , Varghese Leyon , Narayanan Puthucode Viswanathan , Raveendran Suresh Kumar , Varghese Pulikkottil Raphael , George Alex
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Orofacial cleft (OFC) has been one of the major common congenital anomalies exhibiting prominent ramifications allied with the medical, social, psychological, and economic strands. Most OFC occurrences do not have additional features, so they are categorized as nonsyndromic. The classification of the aforesaid complication has been directed toward the following categories: cleft lip (CL) with cleft palate, isolated CL, and finally the isolated cleft palate. The recent research concerning the aforementioned anomalies always searches for advanced novel inferences linked with the chromosomal perspectives since some of the specific genes are probably known to produce significant effects over the anomalies. Materials and Methods: Karyotyping was performed for all 130 cases of nonsyndromic cleft lip and palate (NSCLP). Aseptic collection of peripheral blood lymphocyte culture (PBLC) was performed from the patients using heparin vacutainers, and C-banding was done to confirm heterochromatic variations. Results: A total of 130 patients known to have the NSCLP were recruited for this study of which 88 cases (68%) had CL along with cleft palate, 18 cases (14%) had isolated CL and 24 cases (18%) had isolated cleft palate. Cytogenetic analysis by G-banding by Trypsin and Giemsa (GTG) banding in these patients revealed five cases (3.84%) with abnormal karyotype where a higher frequency of pericentric inversion in the analyzed region, specifically the chromosome 9, inv(9)(p11p13) was observed. Conclusion: The heteromorphisms or structural rearrangements involving the centromere were confirmed by centromere banding in two cases. Understanding the etiology with special inference on the above-said perspectives is significant to develop an effective strategy for the prevention and treatment of the individuals affected with the anomalies.
Comparative evaluation of conventional smear method with the novel smear hub method in the improved accuracy of interpretation of peripheral blood smears
Authors: Georgia Benitha , Prathiba Ramani , Abilasha R
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Peripheral blood smear examination is one of the most crucial diagnostic methods used in the clinical laboratories. The aim of the current study is to assess the efficacy and quality of smears produced by the innovative smear hub in comparison to traditional smears. Materials and Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted among 90 patients visiting our hospital and blood sample was collected in the Central Haematology Laboratory. Two thin smears were made from each sample. Leishman’s staining was used and two Oral Pathologists evaluated and scored the smear characteristics according to six criteria including the RBC pattern, nuclear pattern, neutrophil, eosinophil, platelet, and presence of artefacts. Kappa statistics was done to assess the agreement between two observers. The results were analyzed by Statistical Software for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 16.0. Results: Based on the six parameters, the acceptance percentage for RBC, platelets, eosinophils, neutrophils, and nuclear morphology was reduced in the conventional smear method when compared to the smear hub method. There was substantial reduction in the artefacts, in the smears prepared using the smear hub method. Kappa statistics showed substantial to moderate agreement between the grading of the two observers. Conclusion: With the advent of this novel device, the smears showed an accurate interpretation of blood cell morphology with a reduction in the artefacts produced. Thus, this device can be used in cytopathology to enhance the quality of smears and to provide a rapid, yet accurate diagnosis.
Role of serum uric acid in acute myocardial infarction as a prognostic marker, in a tertiary care center of South-Eastern Rajasthan
Authors: Rathore Ashok , Tank Laxmikant , Gupta Deepak
Published: November 2023

Introduction:

Myocardial infarction (MI) is a leading cause of death worldwide, and myocardial cell death is associated with increased uric acid production. Therefore, in the underlying tissue death, the increased uric acid level can be used as a prognostic marker in MI, concerning Killip’s classification.

Materials and Methods:

Our study included 100 diagnosed cases of acute MI with 100 controls admitted to SRG Hospital, Jhalawar, Rajasthan, India. A meticulous clinical history and physical examination with special reference to the Killip class were carried out. All the routine investigations, including complete blood count, renal function test, liver function test, electrocardiogram, cardiac markers, and chest X-ray, were done on admission. Serum uric acid levels were measured on days 0, 3, and 7 of MI. Hyperuricemia is labeled in our study for males >7 mg/dL and females >5 mg/dL.

Results:

Our study included 63 males and 37 females as cases. On admission, we found statistically significant elevated levels of uric acid in patients with acute MI compared with controls. The higher Killip class patients had higher uric acid levels on days 0, 3, and 7, irrespective of their sex and history of hypertension and diabetes mellitus. During our study, four patients died within 5 days of admission and had higher serum uric acid levels, that is, >7 mg/dL, and all of them were included in Killip class IV, irrespective of sex.

Conclusion:

Patients of acute MI with higher Killip class had elevated serum uric acid levels. The serum uric acid levels correlate with the Killip class and are an evident predictor of mortality and morbidity after acute MI.
Assessment of food quality and safety among Nigerian school children
Authors: Sodimu Jeminat Omotade , Okafor Ngozi
Published: November 2023

Nutrition is of vital importance in the physical, emotional, and intellectual development of children, for retarded academic performance is not the only risk of lack of good food; various health risks that may deform the body system or result in sickness or death are also, not unconnected to consumption of foods devoid of quality and safety. This article aims to assess the food quality and safety among Nigerian school children. A review of related online free-full articles written in the English language published from 2018 to 2022 was done. A consequent title and abstract review of articles published on food quality and safety, and over 1056 published studies identified, they were visualized, profiled, cleansed, prepared, analyzed, and summarized, of which 36 most relevant articles met the inclusion criteria and were utilized for the review. This study found that providing high-quality and safe foods to children is key to achieving sustainable development goals by 2030, and it is in this quest that tremendous educational and health benefits. We also found that the foods served or sold to children in schools are sometimes of low quality and unsafe to satisfy learners’ esthetic or nutritional needs, which have grave consequences for their physical growth, health status, and academic development. In conclusion, there is a need to train and monitor food handlers on food quality and safety in schools in Nigeria.
Should zinc deficiency be tested and treated in CKD patients? Experience from a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Bawa Saurabh , Kumar Satish , Verma Balbir S , Kumar Asheesh
Published: November 2023

Background:

Hypozincemia is common in patients with chronic renal insufficiency and end-stage renal disease treated with peritoneal and hemodialysis. Several factors may contribute to and explain zinc deficiency associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD). We planned this study to see the prevalence of zinc deficiency in these patients and whether it is justified to test and treat it.

Materials and Methods:

It was a cross-sectional, observational study. Study participants were patients diagnosed with CKD on maintenance hemodialysis. All patients were subjected to detailed history and clinical examination per predesigned performance. Serum zinc levels, along with serum iron studies, were sent. Patients with serum zinc concentrations of less than 80 μg/dL were diagnosed to have hypozincemia. The relation between hypozincemia and hematological parameters was studied. The data collected were entered into the MS Excel master sheet and analyzed.

Results:

A total of 112 patients aged 18 years and above, diagnosed with CKD and on maintenance hemodialysis, were selected for the study. The mean age of the study population was 51.0 ± 14.9 years. Approximately two-thirds (71 patients, 63.4%) of the study participants were males. All patients in the present study were anemic, with a mean hemoglobin level of 7.4 ± 1.2 g/dL. The prevalence of hypozincemia was observed to be 83.0% (93 of 112 patients). There was no statistically significant difference in the degree of anemia, serum iron and ferritin levels, serum urea/creatinine, and hypozincemia.

Conclusion:

Despite the high prevalence of hypozincemia in our study (83%), there was no relationship between hypozincemia and other hematological parameters; therefore, routine testing and treatment for zinc deficiency in CKD patients are not advisable.
Speech Emotion Recognition using Extreme Machine Learning
Authors: Koti Valli Madhavi , Murthy Krishna , Suganya M , Sarma Meduri Sridhar , Seshu Kumar Gollakota V S S , N Balamurugan
Published: November 2023

Detecting Emotion from Spoken Words (SER) is the task of detecting the underlying emotion in spoken language. It is a challenging task, as emotions are subjective and highly contextual. Machine learning algorithms have been widely used for SER, and one such algorithm is the Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) algorithm. The GMM algorithm is a statistical model that represents the probability distribution of a random variable as a sum of Gaussian distributions. It has been widely used for speech recognition and classification tasks. In this article, we offer a method for SER using Extreme Machine Learning (EML) with the GMM algorithm. EML is a type of machine learning that uses randomization to achieve high accuracy at a low computational cost. It has been effectively utilised in various classification tasks. For the planned approach includes two steps: feature extraction and emotion classification. Cepstral Coefficients of Melody Frequency (MFCCs) are used in order to extract features. MFCCs are commonly used for speech processing and represent the spectral envelope of the speech signal. The GMM algorithm is used for emotion classification. The input features are modelled as a mixture of Gaussians, and the emotion is classified based on the likelihood of the input features belonging to each Gaussian. Measurements were taken of the suggested method on the The Berlin Database of Emotional Speech (EMO-DB) and achieved an accuracy of 74.33%. In conclusion, the proposed approach to SER using EML and the GMM algorithm shows promising results. It is a computationally efficient and effective approach to SER and can be used in various applications, such as speech-based emotion detection for virtual assistants, call centre analytics, and emotional analysis in psychotherapy.
О тождествах модельных алгебр
Authors: Pchelintsev Sergey Valentinovich
Published: November 2023

Указана точная верхняя оценка для индекса нильпотентности коммутаторного идеала $2$-порожденной подалгебры произвольной модельной алгебры; эта оценка почти вдвое меньше, чем в случае произвольных Ли нильпотентных алгебр той же ступени. Найдены все тождества от двух переменных, выполняющиеся в модельной алгебре кратности $3$. Для любого $m\geqslant 3$ в свободной Ли нильпотентной алгебре $F^{(2m+1)}$ ступени $2m$ указан ядерный многочлен наименьшей возможной степени. Доказано, что степень любого тождества модельной алгебры больше ее кратности.
Библиография: 13 наименований.
Теоремы типа Куна-Таккера в конус-пространствах и линейных нормированных пространствах
Authors: Tsar'kov Igor' Germanovich
Published: November 2023

Рассматриваются теоремы типа Куна-Таккера в полулинейных пространствах, а также в линейных нормированных пространствах
для, вообще говоря, невыпуклых множеств.
Библиография: 12 названий.
Квазиклассическое приближение монопольных гармоник
Authors: Kordyukov Yuri Arkadevich , Taimanov Iskander Asanovich
Published: November 2023

С помощью предложенного нами ранее обобщения многомерного метода ВКБ на магнитные лапласианы,
отвечающие монополям, получены явные
формулы для квазиклассических приближений собственных функций для
монополя Дирака.
Библиография: 10 названий.
Leptospirosis Cases among Outpatients with Non-Malaria Fever Attending Primary Care Clinics during the Rainy Season in Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
Authors: Zida Sylvie , Kania Dramane , Bolloré Karine , Bandaogo Ousséni , Pisoni Amandine , Dicko Amadou , Tinto Bachirou , Traoré Jacques , Van de Perre Philippe , Ouédraogo Henri Gautier , Tuaillon Edouard
Published: November 2023

Leptospirosis is presumably an important cause of non-malarial fever in West Africa. In this study, outpatients consulting in primary care clinics during the rainy season were tested for leptospirosis, and clinical characteristics associated with leptospirosis cases were explored. Patients with fever ≥ 39°C were recruited in nine primary health care centers in Bobo Dioulasso (Burkina Faso). Diagnosis of malaria was ruled out using a rapid diagnostic test (RDT; SD Bioline Malaria®). Leptospirosis cases were defined as patients who tested positive for Leptospira IgM (Leptocheck-WB RDT and Leptospira IgM ELISA assay, Panbio) or DNA in plasma (LipL32 polymerase chain reaction [PCR]). Among 350 patients, 202 tested positive for malaria and were excluded, and 148 met the eligibility criteria and were included. Among these, 26 subjects were considered to be leptospirosis cases: 23 tested positive for Leptospira IgM (15.5%) and three tested positive by PCR (2.2%). Headaches, abdominal symptoms, and myalgia were frequently reported without any difference between leptospirosis cases and negative cases. Cough was more frequently observed among subjects testing positive for leptospirosis (P = 0.02). Water exposure, presence of a skin injury, and walking barefoot were associated with a Leptospira-positive test. All leptospirosis cases recovered without sequelae. A significant portion of outpatients with non-malarial febrile illness during the rainy season in Burkina Faso had epidemiological factors associated with leptospirosis and tested positive for Leptospira. The favorable outcome of leptospirosis cases was reassuring; this could be due in particular to the young age of the patients.
The U.S. President’s Malaria Initiative’s Support for Improving the Quality of Malaria Case Management Services: Fifteen Years of Progress and Learning
Authors: Barat Lawrence M. , Whitehurst Nicole , Venkatesan Meera , Connolly Kim , Yamo Emmanuel , Psychas Paul , Bernard Yves-Marie
Published: November 2023

Since its launch in 2005, the U.S. President’s Malaria Initiative’s (PMI) investment in malaria case management has evolved based on lessons learned from its support to countries. An initial focus on updating malaria treatment policies to adopt artemisinin-based combination therapies achieved limited success, in part because of the poor quality of diagnostic and treatment services in targeted countries. In response, the PMI supported the development, refinement, and expansion of Outreach Training and Supportive Supervision (OTSS), a quality improvement approach that combines structured, competency-based supervision with corrective measures, including on-the-job training, coaching, troubleshooting, action planning, and timely follow-up. With 15 years of experience, the OTSS approach has been adopted by more than a dozen countries, and its effectiveness in improving the quality of malaria case management services has been documented. Through the PMI Impact Malaria Project, launched in 2018, the OTSS approach was expanded beyond case management of uncomplicated malaria to support quality improvement of inpatient management of severe malaria and malaria in pregnancy services delivered through antenatal care clinics. The OTSS platform also enabled targeted countries to respond rapidly to the COVID-19 pandemic by adding modules related to clinical management and laboratory diagnosis of suspected cases. The OTSS approach has been established as an effective approach to improve the quality of clinical malaria services and can be expanded to cover other health priorities. Further innovations to improve the quality of inpatient and community-based services, and further integration and institutionalization of OTSS into country health systems are needed.
Epidemiological, Serological, and Entomological Investigation of New Visceral Leishmaniasis Foci in Nepal
Authors: Joshi Anand Ballabh , Banjara Megha Raj , Das Murari Lal , Ghale Pragyan , Pant Krishna Raj , Pyakurel Uttam Raj , Dahal Gokarna , Paudel Krishna Prasad , Das Chuman Lal , Kroeger Axel , Aseffa Abraham
Published: November 2023

The aim of this study was to explore epidemiological, serological, entomological, and social aspects of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in new foci in Nepal. The study was conducted in 11 villages of five districts that had been previously free of VL but that reported new cases between 2019 and 2021. We screened 1,288 inhabitants using rK39 tests and investigated the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 12 recent VL cases. A total of 182 community members were interviewed about knowledge, attitude, and practices regarding VL. They then underwent an awareness training; 40 of them had a second interview at 6 months to assess the training impact. Vector surveys were conducted in six houses per village to assess sandfly density and infection rates. The prevalence of VL infection was 0.5% and 3.2% among screened populations in Dolpa and Kavre districts, respectively, while the other districts had no rK39-positive cases. No association between travel history and VL infection was found. Phlebotomus argentipes sandflies were collected in three districts at high altitudes (from 1,084 to 4,450 m). None of the sandflies captured had Leishmania donovani DNA. People in new foci were not aware of VL symptoms, vectors, or preventive measures. The training significantly improved their knowledge and practice in seeking medical care in case of illness. The epidemiological, serological, and entomological investigations suggest indigenous focal transmission of VL. An integrated package of strategic interventions should be implemented by the national VL elimination program in districts with new VL foci.
Case Report: Challenges of Diagnosing Malaria in Returning Travelers at the Height of COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Kamau Edwin , Olivo Freites Christian , Sakona Ashlyn N.
Published: November 2023

In 2021, we treated three patients in Southern California who contracted malaria while traveling in Uganda. Two patients visited the Nile River in Uganda in the months of July and August 2021, and upon returning to the United States, diagnosis was delayed due to limited access to care during the COVID-19 pandemic. One of the patients developed severe malaria, and the second developed parasitemia after he stopped taking malaria prophylaxis. The third patient, who traveled to Kampala, Uganda, in December 2021 returned home and was admitted for chronic medical conditions. Later in the clinical course, he developed symptoms consistent with malaria, but due to SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis, there was no suspicion of malaria infection until it was incidentally discovered while performing a blood manual differential. All patients were treated for malaria and recovered uneventfully.
IN-SILICO STUDIES ON POTENTIAL INHIBITORS OF SARS-CoV2
Authors: Kumar Shukla Bindesh , Yadava Umesh
Published: November 2023

The emergence of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic, has spurred extensive research to identify effective treatments and preventative measures. One promising avenue is the repurposing of existing anti-malarial and anti-viral compounds, which have shown potential through molecular docking studies. These studies provide crucial insights into how these compounds interact with viral proteins and can aid in the development of novel therapies. In this article, authors will delve into the world of molecular docking studies concerning anti-malarial and anti-viral compounds for SARS-CoV-2.
Penerapan Standar Pelayanan Kesehatan Minimun di Puskesmas Cipaku Bogor
Authors: Wiyanti Ani , Daroini Selamet , Muksin Ahmad
Published: November 2023

Standar Pelayanan Minimal (SPM) dalam bidang kesehatan merupakan pelayanan dasar yang harus dipenuhi dan menjadi prioritas pemerintah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis implementasi standar pelayanan minimal bidang kesehatan di Puskesmas Cipaku Bogor. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teori implementasi, standar pelayanan minimum, kualitas pelayanan, dan puskesmas. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang dilakukan adalah wawancara, observasi, dan studi dokumentasi. Analisis data yang dilakukan adalah pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa Implementasi Standar Pelayanan Minimal (SPM) dalam bidang kesehatan di Puskesmas Cipaku Bogor belum mampu berjalan secara optimal. Hal ini karena hanya terdapat 2 indikator yang telah mencapai target dan terdapat 10 indikator pelayanan dasar kesehatan yang belum mampu mencapai target yang ditetapkan oleh SPM bidang Kesehatan dalam Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan No.4 Tahun 2019. Sehingga, peningkatan pelayanan SPM perlu dilakukan dengan menganalisis faktor-faktor yang menjadi penghambat implementasi.
Human Vocal Commands Verify Audio Discrimination Ability in the Steller Sea Lion Eumetopias jubatus
Authors: Sasaki Masahiro , Chiba Miyui , Ito Eri , Tsutsumi Kazuki , Ito Koichi , Sunobe Tomoki
Published: November 2023

We report results of experiments using human vocal commands to investigate how well a Steller sea lion (Eumetopias jubatus) can discriminate different sounds. The participant, Hama, a 12-year-old female at Kinosaki Marine World, Japan, was raised by four trainers. We investigate Hama’s ability to discriminate 10 vocal commands (e.g. Iya-iya, Okay etc.) used in daily performances in two experiments: 1, commands given directly to the sea lion by trainers, but out of her sight; and 2, vocal commands given to the sea lion by trainers, but using recorded commands over a loudspeaker. In the experiment 1, Hama was able to discriminate all 10 commands, but her accuracy to discriminate one command was significantly lower than others (p < .05). In the  experiment 2, Hama was able to discriminate all but one command; accuracy rates among commands were variable, but the accuracy rate for one was significantly lower than the others, and those for three commands were significantly higher than others(p < .05). These experiments demonstrate that Hama can discriminate most commands based on their acoustic properties, regardless of which of four trainers spoke them out of her sight or if they were relayed from a recording. This ability suggest that the Steller sea lion E. jubatus might use sound for their own complex communication.
Plasmids for Efficient Production of Recombinant Proteins in E. coli
Authors: Arrolla Lekha , Kanigiri Deepthi Sri , Mohammed Azharuddin , Kona Venkata Sri Krishna
Published: November 2023

Plasmids play a crucial role in the transmission of genetic information across different types of bacteria. Plasmids transfer pathogenicity and survival genes to the host bacterium, allowing the bacteria to adapt to new environments and grow. Several plasmids of differing sizes have been recovered from numerous bacterial species. Plasmids may be used to genetically modify bacteria for a variety of reasons, including the generation of recombinant proteins. Escherichia coli is the most often utilised bacterium for the production of recombinant proteins owing to its quick growth rate, low cost, high yield of recombinant proteins, and simple scale-up procedure. To boost the synthesis of heterologous proteins in E. coli, a number of plasmids have been used. Diverse plasmids have been devised and built to address challenges such as protein refolding, E. coli codon use, a lack of post-translational modifications such as glycosylation, and insufficient recovery of functionally viable recombinant proteins. Recent technical advancements that have made it possible for the E. coli expression system to create more complex proteins, such as glycosylated recombinant proteins and therapeutic antibodies.
Strategi Komunikasi Pemasaran Jasa Ekspedisi PT Putra Kalistail Banyuwangi dalam Meningkatkan Pelayanan pada Pelanggan
Authors: Nurmala Aulia Chandra Widya , Thamrin H.M.
Published: November 2023

Ekspedisi Putra Kalisetail sebagai lembaga yang bergerak di bidang ekspedisi bidang jasa menggunakan berbagai teknik pemasaran untuk mengkomunikasikan produknya. Word of Mouth dan sponsorship merupakan salah satu strategi pemasaran yang diterapkan. WOM (word of mouth) berperan penting dalam kegiatan pemasaran karena berpengaruh positif dan negatif terhadap persepsi konsumen. Pelayanan merupakan faktor terpenting dalam menentukan kepuasan pelanggan karena kualitas pelayanan dirasa memiliki hubungan erat yang dapat mempengaruhi kepuasan pelanggan atas suatu jasa yang diberikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui strategi komunikasi pemasaran jasa PT Putra Kalisetail Expedition dalam meningkatkan kepercayaan pelanggan, faktor pendukung strategi Marketing Communication PT Putra Kalisetail Expedition yang mempengaruhi peningkatan konsumen PT Putra Kalisetail Expedition, serta pola kemitraan dibangun oleh PT Putra Kalisetail Expedition pada pelanggan. Dalam penelitian ini, peneliti menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Data yang digunakan diperoleh melalui metode wawancara dan observasi serta diperoleh pula melalaui sumber publikasi, buku dan jurnal akademik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa strategi komunikasi word-of-mouth dan sponsorship merupakan strategi yang efektif untuk meningkatkan pelayanan kepada pelanggan, namun tidak dipungkiri jika diperlukan perusahaan akan menggunakan strategi lain, seperti menggunakan media sosial yang berguna untuk memperluas jaringan. lebih jauh. Faktor-faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi keberhasilan PT Putra Kalisetail Expeditions adalah kepemilikan armada angkut sendiri, jam terbang yang cukup, dan sistem pelayanan yang dimiliki oleh PT Putra Kalisetail Expedition yang membuat pelanggan senang menggunakan layanannya.
T-Zell-Lymphome
Authors: Hentrich Marcus
Published: November 2023

Reife beziehungsweise periphere T-Zell-Lymphome (PTCL) weisen im Vergleich zu B-Zell-Lymphomen eine ungünstigere Prognose auf. Eine Ausnahme stellen anaplastische großzellige T-Zell-Lymphome dar, für die mit Brentuximab vedotin und CHP (Cyclophosphamid, Doxorubicin, Prednisolon) eine sehr effektive Therapie zur Verfügung steht. Chemotherapie der Wahl anderer PTCL-Subtypen ist CHOP (CHP plus Vincristin) oder CHOEP (CHOP plus Etoposid), gefolgt von einer konsolidierenden autologen Stammzelltransplantation (SCT) in erster Remission bei hierfür geeigneten Patient:innen. Im Rezidiv sollte eine allogene SCT erwogen werden. Zudem haben bei Erkrankten mit Rezidiv neuere, noch in klinischer Prüfung befindliche Substanzen wie HDAC-Inhibitoren oder hypomethylierende Substanzen vielversprechende Ergebnisse gezeigt.
Aktuelle Behandlungsstrategien des diffusen ­groß­zelligen (DLBCL) und des primär mediastinalen großzelligen B-Zell-Lymphoms (PMBL)
Authors: Illert Anna Lena , Lörsch Alisa Martina
Published: November 2023

Das diffuse großzellige B-Zell-Lymphom (DLBCL) ist der häufigste Vertreter der B-Zell-Lymphome. In den vergangenen Jahren werden in der Therapie des DLBCL neben der konventionellen Chemotherapie und klassischen Antikörpern zunehmend neue, innovative Behandlungsstrategien eingesetzt. Insbesondere beim refraktären oder rezidivierten DLBCL kommen immer mehr Immun- und Zelltherapien zum Einsatz. So stellt CAR(chimärer Antigenrezeptor)-T-Zell-Therapie bei einem DLBCL-Frührezidiv unter zwölf Monaten nach Abschluss der Chemotherapie oder bei einem primär refraktären DLBCL mittlerweile den Goldstandard dar. Für das zweite Rezidiv eines DLBCL sind etablierte Optionen wie bispezifische Antikörper zugelassen. Bei Patient:innen mit intermediärem oder Hochrisiko-DLBCL ist das Antikörper-Wirkstoff-Konjugat Polatuzumab vedotin in der ersten Therapielinie zugelassen.
UNESCO: ROLE AND FUNCTIONS
Authors: Singh Rajbir
Published: November 2023

The important socio-economic needs of global society pave   the fundamental roles and functions of UNESCO, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, in fostering global peace and development. The organization's mission revolves around promoting access to quality education, encouraging international collaboration in science, and safeguarding cultural diversity. UNESCO serves as a platform for nations to address shared challenges, advocates for the free flow of information, and plays a vital role in emergency response. UNESCO’s commitment to education, science, and culture underscores its pivotal role in shaping a world that values knowledge, understanding, and collaboration for the betterment of humanity.
Pengaruh Modal, Nilai Produksi dan Tingkat Upah terhadap Penyerapan Tenaga Kerja Industri Kecil di Kabupaten Sidoarjo
Authors: Ghazy Guwairy Alphard , Galih Wicaksono Amirul , Tiana Rose Neni , Marta Safitri Tiara , Oktavina Radianto Denny
Published: November 2023

This study was conducted to analyze the factors that influence employment in the Small Industry Sector in Sidoarjo Regency. Through the results of this study, it is expected to contribute to the scientific field, especially in business management related to employment in the small industry sector. The population of this study includes all small industries in Sidoarjo Regency. The results showed that capital has no influence on employment in the small industry sector in Sidoarjo Regency. However, production value has a significant positive effect on labor absorption in the small industry sector in Sidoarjo Regency. This means that the demand for labor by entrepreneurs is influenced by the number of goods produced by these workers. In addition, the wage level also has a significant negative effect on employment in the small industry sector in Sidoarjo Regency. This means that the higher the wage level, the lower the demand for labor by employers.

Keywords: capital, production value, wages, labor
Formation of the All-Russian Education System in the field of healthy food of the population
Authors: Tutelyan Viktor A. , Nikityuk Dmitriy B. , Tarmaeva Inna Yu.
Published: November 2023

The establishment of the educational cluster “Healthy Eating” in the Russian Federation is based on the Federal State Budgetary Institution’s “Federal Research Center for Nutrition and Biotechnology” and intended to save the health of children and adults, as it serves as a model for the children’s and adults’ population. The development of different programs for both specialists and the population has been done through various means. It is suggested to concentrate attention on two main areas of activity: educational and outreach. Learning activity in the form of a cluster is shown to create the conditions for the development of an all-Russian system of education in the field of healthy nutrition for the Russian Federation’s population.
Aim. Development and implementation of a system of federal and regional educational programs for specialists and various groups of the population of the Russian Federation.
The population of the Russian Federation has an insufficient level of knowledge about healthy nutrition, so about 50% have practically no idea about its rules, 60% of the population do not follow the diet. In connection with the urgency of the problem, an educational cluster was formed on the basis of the Federal Research Center for Nutrition and Biotechnology. The resources and qualifications of the cluster members, which combined the scientific potential of the Federal Research Center for Nutrition and Biotechnology and the educational opportunities of specialized departments of the country’s leading universities, make it possible to effectively solve the problems that the education system of specialists and the population faces in the field of healthy nutrition. Additional education programs have been developed – advanced training courses, differentiated programs are being created for specialists: nutritionists, doctors, faculty of medical universities, teachers and trainers of sports schools, fitness trainers, food industry workers, graduate students and residents, as well as educational and educational programs for various population groups.
Taking into account the high efficiency of outreach work, as well as its relatively low cost, in addition to the educational block, an information and educational block has been allocated separately, including with the involvement of public opinion leaders and the media.
Thus, the establishment of a systematic approach to the education of specialists and the public in the field of healthy nutrition, through management, scientific, methodological, and educational support within the educational cluster, leads to the creation of an all-Russian system of education in healthy nutrition for the Russian population.
Conclusion. Successful implementation of federal and regional programs of the educational cluster “Healthy Nutrition” is a necessary condition for improving the quality of life and health of the population.
Seasonal changes in secretory immunity indices in saliva in indigenous and alien inhabitants of the Yakutia Arctic zone
Authors: Khripach Ludmila V. , Knyazeva Tatiana D. , Makovetskaya Anna K. , Zagaynova Anzhelika V.
Published: November 2023

Introduction. The combination of extreme climate with intensive migration processes creates favourable conditions for the spread of infectious diseases in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation.
The purpose of the study: comparative analysis of immunity indicators in saliva samples of indigenous and alien residents of Yakutia Arctic zone, taking into account the influence of seasonal factors.
Materials and methods. Samples of mixed saliva of indigenous (n=212) and alien (n=120) male residents from Chokurdakh and Tiksi settlements were taken in 4 batches corresponding to the seasonal transition from summer to early winter. Levels of secretory IgA (sIgA) and cytokines IL-1ß, IL-8 and IL-6 in saliva were determined by ELISA. Main Effects ANOVA was used for the data analysis.
Results. No significant age-related changes of the indicators were found. During the transition from summer to winter, there was a decrease in sIgA, IL-1ß, and IL-8 levels in saliva of the examined persons (p from 0.001 to 1.6•10–7). Rate of seasonal changes did not differ between indigenous and alien inhabitants. IL-6 level in saliva of Chokurdakh residents (200 km from the sea) was higher (F(1,139)=9,202; p=0.003) and sIgA level was lower (F(1,324)=3,560; p=0.060) than corresponding levels in residents of coastal settlement Tiksi. Comparison of the body mass indices (medians 24.3 in Chokurdakh and 26.2 in Tiksi, p=0.0005) confirms that it may be the result of inequality in physical activity of residents due to almost 2-fold increase in wind speed and precipitation in Tiksi.
Limitations. Monitoring period till the beginning of winter, and not later, could predetermine the absence of the expected differences between indigenous (evolutionarily adapted) and alien residents.
Conclusion. Evaluation of immunity indicators in saliva samples is a simple and informative approach to study mechanisms of human adaptation to extreme climatic conditions.
Indicators of the functional state of the circulatory system among agricultural machine operators
Authors: Novikova Tamara A. , Spirin Vladimir F. , Starshov Andrey M.
Published: November 2023

Introduction. Identification of functional disorders and prenosological conditions of the circulatory system under the conditions of adverse effects of the occupational environment is a necessary link in the development of measures to prevent health disorders in workers.
Materials and methods. The study of functional indicators of hemodynamics, endurance and efficiency, functional reserves of the circulatory system, and ECG dispersion mapping using “Cardiovisor-06s” in eighty five male tractor drivers in agricultural production (agricultural machine operators) was carried out.
The average age of the surveyed cases was 42.36±1.2 years, the average work experience in the occupation is 19.61±1.26 years.
Results. Agricultural machine operators, whose working conditions are characterized by the influence of working environment factors with a prohypertensive effect, have been established to reveal changes in the indicators of the functional state of the circulatory system and a decrease in the adaptive capabilities of the body, indicating the manifestation of borderline states between the norm and pathology. Between the duration of work experience in the occupation and the level of functioning of the circulatory system, a statistically significant correlation was established (r = 0.53) According to ECG dispersion mapping, individual values of the “Myocardium” microalternation index in 14.3% of the examined cases corresponded to a borderline state close to the initial stage of probable pathology . The most pronounced changes, indicating a violation of cardiometabolic processes, were noted in workers over 40 years. The average values of the “Rhithm” index (RI), which characterizes the integral component of heart rate variability, which is a marker of the adaptive capabilities of the body, were in the range of 21–35% for all examined persons (with a normal value of 0–20%), which corresponded to an increased tension of regulatory systems or
a borderline state. Increased individual levels of RI were more often recorded in people over 50 years.
Limitations on the study are determined by the area of studying the subject of research in one professional cohort of workers.
Conclusion. Early detection of prenosological changes in systemic hemodynamics and adaptation of the circulatory system can be one of the tools to identify the risk group of workers who need to develop and implement measures to prevent diseases of the circulatory system.
Allergic rhinitis in schoolchildren under combined exposure to various environmental risk factors
Authors: Valina Svetlana L. , Ustinova Olga Yu. , Shtina Irina E. , Maklakova Olga A. , Osheva Larisa V.
Published: November 2023

Introduction. Growing prevalence of allergic rhinitis (AR) and significant socioeconomic losses related to implementing medical and prevention activities indicate the necessity to examine what role exogenous factors play in the disease onset and development. The aim of this study was to establish pathogenetic peculiarities of AR onset and development in schoolchildren under combined exposure to various environmental risk factors.
Materials and methods. We analyzed results of clinical and laboratory examinations of schoolchildren’s health and data obtained by questioning and taken from diaries of daily rations provided at school for four hundred thirty nine AR children. They attended either an ordinary secondary school or a school with profound studies of some subjects. Influence of risk factors on clinical and laboratory indicators was evaluated by using one-factor logistic regression models that described “adverse exposure – likelihood of a response (effect)” relationships. Leading risk factors and pathogenetic peculiarities of AR onset and development were identified based on analyzing established cause-effect relations “risk factor – laboratory indicator – likelihood of diagnosing AR».
Results. More significant violations of hygienic standards were established in schools with profound studies of some subjects; we identified improper management of educational activities, non-rational diets, and too intensive use of electronic devices. Likelihood of AR is 4.2 times higher for schoolchildren in such schools than for their counterparts from ordinary schools (OR=4.2) under combined exposure to adverse factors related to the educational process, diets, the environment (blood contamination with nickel, chromium, manganese, zinc, benzene, and toluene) and low physical activity. We established cause-effect relations between the disease development and the examined factors as well as their contributions to likelihood of risk-associated AR (12–60 %). We identified adverse laboratory effects in AR children who attended schools with profound studies of some subjects and established their association with affecting environmental factors. Pathogenetic peculiarities of the disease onset and development were posited based on modelling associations between laboratory indicators of disrupted homeostasis and AR development.
Limitations. The examination was performed with 439 schoolchildren participating in it. Participants were not divided into sex-specific groups when describing peculiarities of allergic rhinitis development.
Conclusion. The established key pathogenetic components in development of risk-associated AR are relevant targets for hygienic activities as regards the educational process and quality of the environment
Biomarkers of stress in children with asthenic syndrome associated with aluminum contamination in biological media and A/G polymorphism of the HTR2A (rs7997012) serotonin receptor gene
Authors: Dolgikh Oleg V. , Zaitseva Nina V. , Subbotina Alena A. , Kazakova Olga A. , Alikina Inga N.
Published: November 2023

Introduction. Ambient air pollution with heavy metals, included aluminum, creates their elevated levels in children and leads to rather early decompensation of weak genetically heritable systems of the body including the nervous system.
Materials and methods. We examined eighty six 4–7 years children with asthenic syndrome. Fifty two of them (the test group) lived and attended preschool facilities in a zone influenced by emissions from aluminum production (a dose created by a non-ferrous metallurgic plant is 5.65•10–5 mg/(kg•day)). The reference group was made of 34 children who lived on a conditionally clean territory and were exposed to airborne aluminum in a dose of 3.0•10–6 mg/(kg•day). Within this study, there were examined several children’s biological media including urine (aluminum), blood (serotonin and cortisol), and buccal epithelium (HTR2A rs7997012 gene). Differences were considered to be significant at a p<0.05.
Results. We established statistically significantly higher aluminum levels in urine (1.3 times higher) in the test group against the reference one (0.012±0.0001 and 0.0092±0.0012 respectively); authentically higher prevalence of the minor allele G of the HTR2A (rs7997012) serotonin receptor gene (authentically 1.6 times higher in the test group against the reference one). Both these factors create an elevated risk of asthenic syndrome, 1.86 times higher in the test group (OR=1.86; 95%CI (1.02–3.67)) together with lower serotonin levels (130.28±32.42 ng/ml and 183.35±34.57 ng/ml respectively) and higher cortisol levels (278.08±25.90 nmol/cm3 and 191.28±21.62 nmol/cm3 respectively).
Limitations. The limitation is application of the identified stress biomarkers for diagnostics of nervous system disorders that manifest themselves in children through asthenic syndrome associated with exposure to aluminum.
Conclusion. A/G replacement of the HTR2A (rs7997012) gene creates a 1.86 times higher risk of asthenic syndrome (OR=1.86; 95%CI (1.02–3.67)) for children with elevated aluminum levels in urine under inhalation exposure to it in a dose equal to 5.65•10–5 mg/kg•day). The disease would have such a peculiarity as longer recurrence and its biomarkers include an imbalance between indicators of a developing stress, cortisol, and serotonin.
The Nexus between Ethics, Communication, and Universal Grammar: An Analytic Philosophical Approach
Authors: Onyagholo Dr. Azibalua , Wada Larry Ebikekeme , Wadozie Paul Chikamadu
Published: November 2023

This research paper delves into the intricate relationship between ethics and communication within the context of 21st-century Analytic philosophy. It argues that this relationship holds significant implications, especially when examined through the lens of the theory of Universal Grammar proposed by Noam Chomsky. The paper begins by establishing the fundamental connection between ethics and communication, emphasizing the increasing complexity of ethical considerations in the digital age. It then introduces Analytic philosophy as a suitable framework for dissecting these complexities due to its emphasis on logical rigor and precision in language. Contemporary ethical concerns in communication, such as online privacy and misinformation, are explored, followed by an examination of Universal Grammar’s relevance to linguistic ethics. The paper raises questions about linguistic relativity, cultural sensitivity, linguistic imperialism, and cultural appropriation within this framework. Finally, the paper highlights the practical implications of integrating ethics and communication within Analytic philosophy, emphasizing the role of Analytic philosophers in promoting ethical communication practices in our rapidly changing digital world.
Influence of E-Learning on Performance and Employability among Business Education Students in Tertiary Institutions in Delta State
Authors: Erhivwiohwovie Mr O. G. , E. Dr. (Mrs.) Okoro P.
Published: November 2023

This research aimed to explore the impact of E-Learning on the academic performance and employability of Business Education students in tertiary institutions. The study was guided by four research questions and tested four null hypotheses. It utilized a descriptive correlational research design and involved a population of 937 Business Education students in Delta State tertiary institutions. A sample of 260 students was selected using proportionate stratified sampling. The data collection instrument was a questionnaire, which underwent validation by three experts from the Business Education Department. Reliability was assessed using Cronbach alpha coefficient. The research questions were addressed through mean, standard deviation, and Pearson’s coefficient of determination, while the hypotheses were examined using the Pearson Product moment correlation coefficient at a significance level of 0.05. The findings of the study indicated that E-Learning can positively influence the academic performance and employability of Business Education students in Delta State’s tertiary institutions. Factors contributing to the success or failure of E-Learning included equipment costs, management attitudes, and the need for well-equipped E-Learning centers. The study also highlighted that optimizing E-Learning for enhanced academic performance and employability could be achieved through adequate financing, continuous staff training and empowerment, and ensuring a stable power supply. Furthermore, the research revealed a significant positive influence of E-Learning on the academic performance and employability of Business Education students in Delta State’s tertiary institutions. As a recommendation, the study suggested that institutions allocate sufficient financial resources to support the implementation and maintenance of E-Learning infrastructure, covering equipment, software, learning management systems, and technical support.