bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Records Management Services (RMS) Practices of Selected SME's In Pasig City: An Enterprise Reference Guide
Authors: - Bernadette Yriarte Guijo
Published: December 2024

This study explores and investigates the Records Management Service (RMS) practices of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Pasig City, Philippines. With a flourishing business landscape with over 18,000 registered SMEs, the effective management of records is critical to ensuring compliance, efficiency, and sustainability. The main objective is to develop an enterprise reference guide to enhance Records Management among SMEs, ultimately promoting operational efficiency, compliance with regulatory requirements, and achieving profitable business ventures. The research employs qualitative methodologies, primarily semi-structured interviews, to scrutinize various aspects of records handling, including risk management practices, safety, and security measures, document retention strategies, compliance with regulatory requirements, cost efficiency, and the challenges SMEs face. The findings delineate significant themes such as SMEs implementing diverse risk assessment techniques to identify vulnerabilities, enforcing safety protocols to protect sensitive information, managing document retention timelines effectively, and striving to fulfill compliance requirements. By demonstrating the critical role of well-structured RMS in business operations, this research addresses the prevalent inadequacies in record-keeping among SMEs. It highlights the potential for strategic growth and improved efficiency in the business sector. The study concludes that a tailored reference guide can assist SMEs in establishing relevant records management systems, facilitating better resource utilization and operational sustainability.
Correction and assimilation the date of water objects surface temperature hydrological observations
Authors:   Hydrometeorological Research Center of Russian Federation, Rogutov V.S.
Published: December 2024

The paper proposes an algorithm for correcting the data of hydrological observations of water temperature and an algorithm for assimilating corrected data for calculations of water body surface temperatures in Russia. The temperatures are used in initial data for computing global medium-range weather forecasts with the new version of the SLAV10 model with a grid spacing of about 10 km. The correction algorithm for hydrological observations of water temperature makes it possible to eliminate ambiguity in temperature coding at most gauging stations. The assimilation of corrected hydrological observations allows reducing water body surface temperature errors in the SLAV10 model initial data as compared to specifying water temperature from the data of the nearest land points.
أساليب البيان في شعر عبد الحميد بطاو ديوان مرثيّة مرائية أنموذجا (دراسة أسلوبيّة نقديّة)
Authors: علي بوفردة الشيخي صافي , محمد العوامي هند
Published: December 2024

يحتوي هذا البحث على إجابات لتساؤلات عدة حول أساليب البيان في ديوان " مرثية مرائية " للشاعر عبد الحميد بطاو، ومن أهمها :
ما دور أساليب البيان في ديوان " مرثية مرائية " ؟
كيف وظف بطاو الاستعارة في تجربته الشعرية من خلال ديوان " مرثية مرائية " ؟
كيف وظف بطاو التشبيه في تجربته الشعرية من خلال ديوان " مرثية مرائية " ؟
كيف وظف بطاو الكناية في تجربته الشعرية من خلال ديوان " مرثية مرائية " ؟
تطبيق نموذج قبول التكنولوجيا (TAM) لتقصي فعالية استخدام أدوات التعليم عن بعد على فئة من أعضاء هيئة التدريس بجامعة بنغازي (2024)
Authors: امحمد الورفلي حواء , رجب بن هلوم أحمد
Published: December 2024

مع ظهور جائحة مرض فيروس كورونا الجديدة 2019 (كوفيد-19) في عام 2020، اضطرت المؤسسات التعليمية إلى التكيف بسرعة من التعليم وجهًا لوجه إلى التعليم عبر الإنترنت لضمان استمرار التعليم. كانت مختلف منصات التعليم الرقمي أدوات للتدريس عبر الإنترنت. لذلك، كانت هذه الدراسة تهدف إلى فحص قبول التكنولوجيا والنوايا السلوكية لاستخدام بعض ادوات التعليم عن بعد للمراحل الجامعية بكليات جامعة بنغازي. لتحقيق هذا الهدف، اعتمدت الدراسة نموذج قبول التكنولوجيا كإطار وتم توسيعه بمتغيرات مختلفة، بما في ذلك الكفاءة الذاتية في التكنولوجيا، والمعايير الذاتية، وظروف التيسير. استخدم استبيان عبر الإنترنت لجمع البيانات من 209 محاضر من المراحل الجامعية المختلفة. اعتمدت الدراسة على نهج نمذجة المعادلات الهيكلية لاختبار النموذج المقترح. أظهرت النتائج أن المواقف والمعايير الذاتية تؤثر بشكل كبير على النوايا السلوكية نحو الاستخدام، في حين أن الفائدة المدركة وسهولة الاستخدام تؤثران مباشرة على المواقف. علاوة على ذلك، كانت كفاءة الذات في التكنولوجيا، والمعايير الذاتية، وظروف التيسير تؤثر على الفهم المدرك لسهولة الاستخدام. يمكن للنتائج أن تكون مرجعًا لأساتذة الجامعات، والإدارات المعنية، وصناع السياسات في زيادة قبول منصات التعليم عن بعد بين المحاضرين في المستقبل ايضاً.
حل المعادلات التكاملية لفولتيرا ذات الرتب الكسري باستخدام كثيرات حدود تشيبيشيف بطريقة عددية
Authors: مرعي محمد هناء
Published: December 2024

تناول هذه الورقة البحثية الطريقة العددية لحل المعادلات التكاملية لفولتيرا من النوع الأول والثاني الناتجة من معادلة ابل التكاملية حيث تضمنت دراسة والمصفوفات التنفيذية لـكثير حدود تشيبيتشيف واستعمالها في حل بعض المعادلات التكاملية, وذلك بتحويل المعادلات التكاملية لفولتيرا الي نظام جبري خطي.
CORRECTION WITH POLYPHENOL PC-7 ON CHANGES IN COGNITIVE STATES AND CALCIUM DYNAMICS IN BRAIN SYNAPTOSOMES IN RATS UNDER CONDITIONS OF MODELED ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE IN VIVO
Authors:   Institute of Biophysics and Biochemistry at the National University of Uzbekistan named after M. Ulugbek, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Bakhtiyarovich Kozokov Islom , ugli Dedaboev Jobir Ismoil ,   Institute of Biophysics and Biochemistry at the National University of Uzbekistan named after M. Ulugbek, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Numonjonovich Khoshimov Nozim ,   Institute of Biophysics and Biochemistry at the National University of Uzbekistan named after M. Ulugbek, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, og'li Asatillayev Joxongir Ne'matjon ,   Uzbekistan State University of Physical Education and Sports, Uzbekistan, o'g'li Saidmurodov Samandar Abdumalik ,   Alfraganus university. Tashken, Uzbekistan, Nurillaevich Rakhimov Rakhmatilla ,   Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry named after Acad. A.S. Sadykova ASRUz Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Erkinovich Nasirov Kabil ,   Institute of Biophysics and Biochemistry at the National University of Uzbekistan named after M. Ulugbek, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
Published: December 2024

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most common manifestations of neurodegenerative dementia, characterized by changes in brain tissue long before the appearance of the first clinical symptoms. Animal models induced by AD are the cornerstone of any drug development program and offer the opportunity to make a significant and meaningful contribution to successful therapeutic development. We conducted experiments to determine whether this polyphenol crosses the blood-brain barrier by administering in vivo the polyphenol PC-7, which has a good effect on infection of these disease models, in a liposomal form based on soy phospholipids, in different ways. rats. In our experiments, when studying the behavior of rats modeled by AD, the behavior of rats initially selected in the tests "Open field", "Conditioned reflexes of passive escape" and "Conditioned reflexes of active escape" was studied. McGraw scale. It was found that the used polyphenol PС-7 has a positive effect on changes in cognitive states and the level of synaptosomal calcium that occur in AD states.
El Impacto de la Narración Colaborativa en el desarrollo de Habilidades Argumentativas en Estudiantes de Secundaria
Authors: Yepez Mogro Tania Calixta x , Aldas Macias Ketty Jacqueline , Zambrano Lamilla Lizbeth Mariela , Pala Tierra Walter Eduardo , Lara Rendón Meliza Yomara , Simancas Malla Flor María , Bayas Chacha Luz Maria
Published: December 2024

El estudio titulado "El impacto de la narración colaborativa en el desarrollo de habilidades argumentativas en estudiantes de secundaria" investiga el efecto que tiene la aplicación de técnicas narrativas colaborativas en el fortalecimiento de las habilidades argumentativas de los estudiantes de nivel secundario. En el presente contexto, donde la habilidad de argumentar y comunicar ideas de forma efectiva es esencial, el objetivo de esta investigación es investigar métodos educativos novedosos que promuevan el desarrollo de estas competencias fundamentales. La narración colaborativa es una metodología en la que los estudiantes colaboran en grupos para crear relatos de forma conjunta. Esta práctica fomenta la interacción, el pensamiento crítico y la negociación de ideas. Durante la investigación, se analizó una muestra de 120 estudiantes de educación secundaria distribuidos en dos grupos: uno experimental y otro de control. El grupo experimental se involucró en actividades de narración colaborativa, en contraste con el grupo de control que siguió un enfoque convencional de enseñanza centrado en ejercicios individuales de escritura. El estudio se dividió en tres etapas: diagnóstico, intervención y evaluación. Durante el mismo, se emplearon pruebas estandarizadas para evaluar las habilidades argumentativas tanto previas como posteriores a la intervención. Para analizar las percepciones de los estudiantes sobre la metodología empleada, se llevaron a cabo encuestas y grupos focales. Los resultados numéricos evidenciaron un incremento significativo en las habilidades argumentativas del grupo experimental en contraste con el grupo de control. En promedio, los estudiantes que formaron parte de la narración colaborativa experimentaron un aumento del 25% en sus calificaciones de evaluación, en contraste con el grupo de control que mostró una mejora del 10%. Los hallazgos fueron respaldados por los resultados cualitativos, los cuales resaltaron que los estudiantes apreciaron el enfoque colaborativo como una herramienta que favoreció la comprensión y aplicación de estructuras argumentativas. En resumen, se ha evidenciado que la narración colaborativa es un enfoque metodológico eficaz para promover el desarrollo de habilidades argumentativas en estudiantes de nivel secundario. Adicionalmente, su participación favoreció la creación de un entorno educativo más dinámico y que promueve la inclusión de todos los estudiantes. Se sugiere la aplicación de este enfoque en diferentes entornos educativos, así como su integración con estrategias tecnológicas con el fin de potenciar su efectividad. El presente estudio proporciona pruebas significativas que respaldan la promoción de enfoques pedagógicos novedosos orientados al fortalecimiento de habilidades fundamentales para el desarrollo en el siglo XXI.
Understanding Poland syndrome: a collaborative approach to patient care
Authors:   Department of Radiology, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Ramakrishnan Karthik Krishna , Sharmeela S. ,   Department of Radiology, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Govindarajan BR ,   Department of Radio-Diagnosis, PES institute of medical sciences and research, NH-219, Kuppam, Beggilipalle, Andhra Pradesh, India, Subramonian Sakthi Ganesh ,   Department of Radiology, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Published: December 2024

Background and objectives. Poland syndrome is a rare congenital condition characterized by the underdevelopment of the chest muscles and upper limb abnormalities, commonly presenting with brachy syndactyly. This case report details the successful staging of plastic surgery in a 3-year-old boy with Poland syndrome, who had a significant deformity in his left hand. The aim is to describe the importance of early diagnostic imaging, the surgical strategy, outcomes, and the challenges faced during the staged correction process. Materials and methods. A 3-year-old boy with Poland syndrome presented with underdevelopment of the left pectoral muscles and significant brachysyndactyly of the left hand. A multidisciplinary team developed a comprehensive, staged surgical plan to address these deformities by corrective surgery on the left hand, including digit lengthening and syndactyly release. Postoperative management included monitoring for complications and a structured rehabilitation program to enhance hand function. Results. Over 12 months, the staged surgical procedures were completed successfully. Hand surgery significantly improved digit length and separation, resulting in enhanced grip strength and fine motor skills. Postoperative imaging confirmed the correction of bony and soft tissue abnormalities. The patient showed marked improvements in both physical function and psychosocial well-being. Conclusions. Early diagnosis through appropriate imaging and Staged plastic surgery for the correction of Poland syndrome-related deformities in a young child, particularly involving the left hand, can result in excellent functional and cosmetic outcomes. Early intervention, precise surgical planning, and a multidisciplinary approach are crucial for successful treatment.
Locating possible micro-osteoperforation sites and alveolar bone thickness by CBCT among kurdish young adults with class I skeletal relationship
Authors:   Department of Pedodontics, Orthodontics, and Preventive Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Mosul University, Iraq, Al Hamdany Afrah Khazal , Rasheed Tara Ali ,   Department of Pedodontics, Orthodontics, and Preventive Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Mosul University, Iraq, Alhafidh Nada Nashee ,   Department of Pedodontics, Orthodontics, and Preventive Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Mosul University, Iraq
Published: December 2024

Objectives. Micro-osteoperforation (MOP) was introduced as a minimum invasive surgical intervention employed to accelerate orthodontic tooth movement. This study aimed to determine proposed MOP sites with the available alveolar bone thickness (ABT) needed in the maxilla (Mx.) and the mandible (Mand.) at both genders using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods. Pre-operative CBCT images of 48 skeletal Class I relationship (18-30yrs old) patients (22 males, 26 females) were analyzed. NewTom’s NNT software was used to measure ABT. Measurements were done in 13 bilateral Mx. and Mand. inter-radicular sites at 3 levels corresponding to the proposed MOP sites. Statistical Package for Social Sciences, version 21 was used. Descriptive statistic values and Independent samples t-test were used to test the gender and Mx.-Mand. ABT difference, P ≤0.05. Results. There was a general tendency toward increasing ABT gradually from the inter-incisal region distally toward the molar and from near cement-enamel junction toward the apical region in Mx. arch in both genders. In Mand., the same trend was observed as in Mx., especially for the males. No statistically significant gender ABT difference found at both dental arches except those of females who had significantly higher Mx. ABT at specific locations. No statistically significant difference was found in the comparison between both dental arches at P ≤ 0.05 except for certain locations where the Mx. had significantly larger values than Mand. Conclusions. The outcome of this study can facilitate the site selection for the orthodontic MOPs beside mini-screws. As a clinical consideration, the best and the safest sites of MOPs can be specified for clinicians.
Squat Posture Analysis in Various Ethnic Groups in Malaysia
Authors: Teik Senn Jothy Yeoh Teik Senn , B. Arun , Barathi Mahadevi Barathi
Published: December 2024

The squat posture is commonly used in an Asian population like Malaysia. Certain positions have been shown to lead to pathologies like osteoarthritis. This study compares the hip, knee, and ankle joint angles in the squat posture among the Chinese, Indian, and Malay ethnic groups. Participants (N = 31) were divided equally into three groups; Chinese, Indian, and Malay (n = 11). The hip, knee, and ankle joint angles were measured during the squat using 2-dimensional motion analysis equipment. Series one-way ANOVA, p < 0.05, was used for analysis.  Significant differences in the hip angle between the Chinese and Indian groups (p = 0.020) were found. There was a significant difference in the frequency of squatting for religious purposes among the different ethnic groups (p=.000). There were moderate to high significant differences in the frequency of squatting for religious purposes among the Chinese and Malay groups (p=.049), and the Indian and Malay groups (p=.000). There were significant interethnic differences in the hip joint and the frequency of squatting for religious activities; however, further research is required to confirm these findings and expand this study's directions.
Effectiveness of Tube Potential Reduction and Scan Range in Dose Reduction in Computed Tomography (CT): A Systematic Review
Authors: Bohang Siti Aisyah Munirah , Lai Jie Hong
Published: December 2024

Computed Tomography (CT) is one of the most used imaging modalities. As CT continues to expand its usage, public has raised questions regarding the adverse effect due to radiation in CT. Dose reduction techniques without affecting good quality image useful for diagnosis remains a major concern in healthcare. However, limited studies that focuses on the effectiveness of reducing tube potential or adjustments of scan range on CT dose reduction can be identified in recent years. The objective of this study is to systematically review the effectiveness of reducing tube potential and scan range in dose reduction in CT. Literature search was conducted via PubMed and Google Scholar within a span of 15 years from 2008 to 2023 with the use of phrases and keywords that are specific. Studies that are duplicated or contain insufficient data are excluded. A single reviewer conducted the screening of the title, abstract, objectives methods and results of the studies. 25 studies from a total of 486 studies was included in this review after adhering to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) flow diagram. 16 of the studies achieved radiation dose reduction by decreasing the tube potential while nine other studies achieved radiation dose reduction by implementing a reduced scan range protocol. The dose reduction percentage by tube potential reduction ranges from 6.5% to 63%, whereas the dose reduction by reducing scan range ranges from 11% to 71%. The efficiency of tube potential reduction and optimised scan range in lowering radiation doses in CT has been shown by this systematic review where reduced tube potential protocol can effectively reduce patients’ radiation dose without sacrificing image quality, while decreasing scan range can also decrease radiation dose received by patient without missed diagnosis of disease. Both of these protocols are recommended to be use in future clinical practices.
Pendekatan Keadilan Restoratif dalam Penghentian Penyidikan Tindak Pidana Perpajakan di Indonesia
Authors: Satryo Wibowo Agung , Hufron
Published: December 2024

Hakikat dari pajak adalah sumber utama penerimaan negara yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan rakyat. Namun permasalahan pajak di Indonesia terus terjadi hingga saat ini. Permasalahan tersebut mengingat pelanggaran hukum di bidang perpajakan berakibat kerugian keuangan negara, sementara pajak merupakan kontribusi atau pengalihan kekayaan wajib pajak kepada negara yang digunakan untuk kesejahteraan masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis konsep pengaturan penghentian penyidikan tindak pidana perpajakan berdasarkan pendekatan keadilan restoratif. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum (legal research). Penelitian hukum ini menggunakan 2 (dua) pendekatan masalah, yakni pendekatan peraturan-undangan (statute approach) dan pendekatan konseptual (conceptual approach). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa filosofi dan prinsip-prinsip keadilan restoratif secara proporsional melandasi pengaturan dan pelaksanaan penegakan hukum pajak dibandingkan dengan retributive justice sehingga berakibat terhadap peningkatan pendapatan negara dari sektor pajak serta sekaligus tercapainya perlindungan wajib pajak.
Полемика о феминативах в польской периодической печати на рубеже XIX—XX веков
Authors: Dolgushin Vikentii
Published: December 2024

Die Emanzipation der polnischen Frauen trat an der Wende des 19. und 20. Jahrhunderts in ihre aktive Phase ein. Dies ist durch die Verbreitung von femininen Berufsbezeichnungen in der polnischen Sprache
deutlich sichtbar, was wiederum mit der Entwicklung neuer Berufe und sozialer Rollen für Frauen verbunden ist. Weibliche Endungen in der polnischen Sprache waren kein neues Phänomen – feminitive
Berufsbezeichnungen verbreiteten sich bereits im 19. Jahrhundert, als Frauen Zugang zu Bildung erhielten. Gerade in dieser Zeit erschienen Wörter wie asystentki (Assistentinnen) und profesorki
(Professorinnen) in der polnischen Sprache.
Názvy rostliny bramboru obecného (Solanum tuberosum)
Authors: Šnejdrlová Jitka
Published: December 2024

Der Beitrag skizziert die Charakteristik und die historische Herkunft der Kartoffel, die sprachliche Entwicklung der Einzelnamen vom Alttschechischen bis in die Gegenwart, klärt die
etymologische Deutung der tschechischen Namen, ihre Dialekt- und Volksformen und beschreibt die Verwendungsweise der Kartoffel in der altböhmischen und Volksküche.
Diftongizace ý > ej ve Smolné knize velkobítešské (1556–1636)
Authors: Filipová Jitka
Published: December 2024

Als spezifische Quelle zum Verständnis des gesprochenen Tschechisch der Frühen Neuzeit erscheinen Schwarzbücher, die Verhörprotokolle aus einer Befragung unter Folter enthalten. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wurde die
Distribution der Diphthongierung ý > ej in dem Schwarzbuch aus Velká Bíteš untersucht. Es beweist die Durchdringung des Diphthongs in den Wortstamm und in die Endungen und betrachtet den möglichen Einfluss nichtsprachlicher Faktoren.
Exclusion within the inclusion practices of learners with hearing impairment in inclusive schools: A systematic review
Authors: Mbazi Salimini , Ojok Patrick , Okwaput Stackus
Published: December 2024

This systematic review examines the exclusion within the inclusion practices of learners with hearing impairment (LwHI) in inclusive schools. Four databases, Google Scholar, PubMed, EBSCO-host, and Research Gate, were used. The study was guided by the 5W+1H framework for systematic review. The search was conducted in September 2024, and the searching strategies were Boolean operators (AND, OR, and NOT) and proximity operators (SAME and NEAR). The eligibility of the studies was ensured using PRISMA guidelines, and the reviewed studies were appraised using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP). The database search identified 108 studies; only 27 were eligible for the study after screening. The reviewed studies were analysed narratively, and no statistical data were presented in the results. Based on the established research questions, it was revealed that the availability and use of hearing assistive devices like hearing aids and cochlea implants, support services from audiologists and speech therapists, use of total communication, use of teaching aids, provision of extra time when teaching LwHI, the low pace of teaching and use of inclusive instructional and assessment strategies are some of the inclusion practices in inclusive schools. In contrast, negative attitudes towards LwHI, use of exclusive instructional and assessment strategies, rigid curriculum, poor seating arrangement, and inadequate skills in sign language are the critical exclusion practices that hinder the inclusion of LwHI in inclusive schools. This review highlights that exclusion practices exist because of the poor preparation of teachers to teach in inclusive schools and poor infrastructures in inclusive schools.
Phenomenon of differentiation as a basic condition for inclusion in primary education
Authors: Semradova Monika
Published: December 2024

This study focuses on the current trend of increasing the quality of education, which brings with it increased demands on teacher competences in the implementation of differentiated instruction for primary students from the very beginning of schooling. The key subject of the study investigation is the inclusive concept of differentiated instruction, which represents a complex modification of the educational content, process, product and evaluation of the educational process. According to the Strategies of Educational Policy of the Czech Republic until 2030+, ensuring comparable and high-quality teaching in primary schools by introducing internal differentiation and individualisation is a key strategy for improving heterogeneous collectives' teaching quality. However, teachers are not sufficiently prepared for this reality, and very little relevant literature exists. Using a qualitative study design that includes participant observation and semi-structured interviews with seven teachers from three regions of the Czech Republic, this paper seeks to systematically map the implementation of these pedagogical strategies in the years 2021-2023 with first- and second-year primary students in the subjects of Czech language and mathematics. A multi-case study of seven teachers presents a longitudinal study of the implementation of differentiated teaching strategies with a focus on its inclusive concept, which is reflected in all components of the educational process. This dissertation highlights the urgent need for further study in this critically important area, especially considering the lack of exploration of pedagogical means of differentiation and individualisation in the Czech study field.
Exploring deaf student teachers’ academic experiences at a teacher training college in Rwanda
Authors: Maizere James
Published: December 2024

From Eugenics to the institutionalisation period, Deaf students were discriminated against. Their education in African countries is minimal, especially in tertiary institutions, including Rwanda. The study explored the academic experiences of deaf student teachers at a Teacher Training College (TTC) in Rwanda. It used the interpretive paradigm and qualitative research approach. The study employed a narrative case study. The study population comprised two TTC administrators, two deaf student teachers, all the sixteen tutors who taught the deaf student teachers, and two library workers. One TTC administrator, two deaf student teachers, one teacher, and one library worker were purposively sampled, comprising five participants. The study found that the TTC did not have resources to educate deaf student teachers. The study also found that the tutors and the deaf student teachers relied on detailed notes, handouts, and an interpreter. It also found that deaf student teachers preferred Rwandan Sign Language because they had no communication options. The study recommended that the Rwanda Basic Education Board should provide resources for the education of deaf student teachers. Moreover, the Department of Special Needs and Inclusive Education should have a viable Rwandan Sign Language group to educate the hearing TTC community on Rwandan Sign Language.
QR 19
Authors: Cenicafé Federación Nacional de Cafeteros
Published: December 2024

QR 19
QR 20
Authors: Cenicafé Federación Nacional de Cafeteros
Published: December 2024

QR 20
Conceptual solutions in the field of land reclamation: using green finance
Authors:   FGBNU VNIIOZ, Sizov Yuri I. , Medvedeva Lyudmila N. ,   FGBNU VNIIOZ, Lomakin Nikolay I. ,   FGBNU VNIIOZ, Plotnikov Alexander S. ,   FGBNU VNIIOZ
Published: December 2024

The article presents materials revealing the desire of public authorities to develop a green economy and attract private investment for environmental projects. The emergence of green bonds on the debt market is associated with the promotion of the principles of sustainable business development – ESG (environmental, social and corporate governance) in the context of increasing pressure on natural resources. The proposed solution – the issue of water bonds, is the desire of the authors to offer conditions for increasing the efficiency of water resources in the national economy. The methodological basis of the study was provided by general scientific methods and the self-organizing Kohonen map of artificial intelligence, which provided visualization of the project. The hypothesis of the study was the statement that the issue of water bonds will attract financial resources to land reclamation, increase the efficiency of agricultural production, and strengthen the environmental standardization of irrigated agriculture. The purpose of the study was to promote conceptual solutions in the field of green economy based on decision-making on the issue of water bonds. The conclusions present the rationale for promoting the green economy and calculations for the issue of water bonds for the development of land reclamation.
The Star Clusters as Links between Galaxy Evolution and Star Formation Project. I. Numerical Method
Authors: Reina-Campos Marta , Gnedin Oleg Y. , Sills Alison , Li Hui
Published: December 2024

Stellar clusters are critical constituents within galaxies: They are the result of highest-density star formation, and through their spatially and temporally correlated feedback, they regulate their host galaxy evolution. We present a novel numerical method to model star clusters as individual units of star formation using sink particles. In our method, star clusters grow via gas accretion and via merging with less massive clusters. We describe the implementation in the radiation hydrodynamics code GIZMO and run a large grid of marginally bound, turbulent clouds of 107
M
⊙ to explore the effect of modeling ingredients on the evolution of the clouds and the star clusters. We find both gas accretion and mergers to be critical processes to form star clusters of masses up to ∼105–106
M
⊙, while ionizing radiation is the main feedback mechanism regulating the growth of star clusters. The majority of our star clusters assemble their mass in 0.3–2.6 Myr, and the most massive ones take ∼10 Myr. By removing high-density gas by accretion, our sink-based cluster formation prescription allows the newly formed star clusters to inject their stellar feedback in less dense environments. This makes feedback more efficient at ionizing and disrupting the cloud than if we were to use a standard star formation approach, indicating that our numerical method is the missing critical step to model the interplay between star clusters and their host galaxies.
A High-resolution Simulation of Protoplanetary Disk Turbulence Driven by the Vertical Shear Instability
Authors: Shariff Karim , Umurhan Orkan M.
Published: December 2024

A high-resolution fourth-order Padé scheme is used to simulate locally isothermal 3D disk turbulence driven by the vertical shear instability (VSI) using 268.4 M points. In the early nonlinear period of axisymmetric VSI, angular momentum transport by vertical jets creates correlated N-shaped radial profiles of perturbation vertical and azimuthal velocity. This implies dominance of positive perturbation vertical vorticity layers and a recently discovered angular momentum staircase with respect to radius (r). These features are present in 3D in a weaker form. The 3D flow consists of vertically and azimuthally coherent turbulent shear layers containing small vortices with all three vorticity components active. Previously observed large persistent vortices in the interior of the domain driven by the Rossby wave instability are absent. We speculate that this is due to a weaker angular momentum staircase in 3D in the present simulations compared to a previous simulation. The turbulent viscosity parameter α(r) increases linearly with r. At intermediate resolution, the value of α(r) at midradius is close to that of a previous simulation. The specific kinetic energy spectrum with respect to radial wavenumber has a power-law region with exponent −1.84, close to the value −2 expected for shear layers. The spectrum with respect to azimuthal wavenumber has a −5/3 region and lacks a −5 region reported in an earlier study. Finally, it is found that axisymmetric VSI has artifacts at late times, including a very strong angular momentum staircase, which in 3D is present weakly in the disk’s upper layers.
Evolution of the Accretion Disk and Corona during the Outburst of the Neutron Star Transient MAXI J1807+132
Authors: Rout Sandeep K. , Muñoz-Darias Teo , Homan Jeroen , Armas Padilla Montserrat , Russell David M. , Alabarta Kevin , Saikia Payaswini
Published: December 2024

Low-mass X-ray binaries with a neutron star as the primary object show a complex array of phenomenology during outbursts. The observed variability in X-ray emission primarily arises from changes in the innermost regions of the accretion disk, neutron star surface, and corona. In this work, we present the results of a comprehensive X-ray spectral and timing analysis of the neutron star transient MAXI J1807+132 during its 2023 outburst using data from the NICER observatory. The outburst is marked by a very rapid rise in the count rate by about a factor of 20 in a day. The source undergoes full state transitions and displays the hysteresis effect in the hardness and rms intensity diagrams. Spectral analysis with a three-component model is consistent with disk truncation during the hard states and reaching the last stable orbit during the intermediate and soft states. We discuss the different values of the last stable radius in the context of the possible distance of the source and magnetic field strength. The characteristic frequencies throughout the hard and intermediate states are found to be strongly correlated with the inner radius of the disk. Together with the spectral and fast variability properties, we attempt to trace the evolution of the size of the corona along the outburst. Following the main outburst, the source undergoes a high-amplitude reflare, wherein it shows a complex behavior with relatively high variability (10%), but low hardness.
Detection of a Highly Ionized Outflow in the Quasiperiodically Erupting Source GSN 069
Authors: Kosec P. , Kara E. , Brenneman L. , Chakraborty J. , Giustini M. , Miniutti G. , Pinto C. , Rogantini D. , Arcodia R. , Middleton M. , Sacchi A.
Published: December 2024

Quasiperiodic eruptions (QPEs) are high-amplitude, soft X-ray bursts recurring every few hours, associated with supermassive black holes. Many interpretations for QPEs were proposed since their recent discovery in 2019, including extreme mass ratio inspirals and accretion disk instabilities. But, as of today, their nature still remains debated. We perform the first high-resolution X-ray spectral study of a QPE source using the Reflection Grating Spectrometers' gratings on board XMM-Newton, leveraging nearly 2 Ms of exposure on GSN 069, the first discovered source of this class. We resolve several absorption and emission lines including a strong line pair near the N vii rest-frame energy, resembling the P-Cygni profile. We apply photoionization spectral models and identify the absorption lines as an outflow blueshifted by 1700−2900 km s−1, with a column density of about 1022 cm−2 and an ionization parameter

log
(
ξ

/erg cm s−1) of 3.9−4.6. The emission lines are instead redshifted by up to 2900 km s−1, and likely originate from the same outflow that imprints the absorption features, and covers the full 4π sky from the point of view of GSN 069. The column density and ionization are comparable to the outflows detected in some tidal disruption events, but this outflow is significantly faster and has a strong emission component. The outflow is more highly ionized when the system is in the phase during which QPEs are present, and from the limits, we derive on its location, we conclude that the outflow is connected to the recent complex, transient activity of GSN 069, which began around 2010.
Irradiated Atmospheres. I. Heating by Vertical-mixing-induced Energy Transport
Authors: Zhong Wei , Zhang Zhen-Tai , Zhong Hui-Sheng , Ma Bo , Tan Xianyu , Yu Cong
Published: December 2024

Observations have revealed unique temperature profiles in hot Jupiter atmospheres. We propose that the energy transport by vertical mixing could lead to such thermal features. In our new scenario, strong absorbers, TiO, and VO are not necessary. Vertical mixing could be naturally excited by atmospheric circulation or internal gravity wave breaking. We perform radiative transfer calculations by taking into account the vertical-mixing-driven energy transport. The radiative equilibrium is replaced by the radiative-mixing equilibrium. We investigate how the mixing strength, K
zz, affects the atmospheric temperature–pressure profile. Strong mixing can heat the lower atmosphere and cool the upper atmosphere. This effect has important effects on the atmosphere's thermal features that would form without mixing. In certain circumstances, it can induce temperature inversions in scenarios where the temperature monotonically increases with increasing pressure under conditions of lower thermal band opacity. Temperature inversions show up as K
zz increases with altitude due to shear interaction with the convection layer. The atmospheric thermal structure of HD 209458b can be well fitted with K
zz ∝ (P/1 bar)−1/2 cm2 s−1. Our findings suggest vertical mixing promotes temperature inversions and lowers K
zz estimates compared to prior studies. Incorporating chemical species into vertical mixing will significantly affect the thermal profile due to their temperature sensitivity.
The Impact of Void-finding Algorithms on Galaxy Classification
Authors: Zaidouni Fatima , Veyrat Dahlia , Douglass Kelly A. , BenZvi Segev
Published: December 2024

We explore how the definition of a void influences the conclusions drawn about the impact of the void environment on galactic properties using two void-finding algorithms in the Void Analysis Software Toolkit: Voronoi Voids (V

2
), a Python implementation of ZOnes Bordering On Voidness (ZOBOV); and VoidFinder, an algorithm that grows and merges spherical void regions. Using the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 7, we find that galaxies found in VoidFinder voids tend to be bluer and fainter and to have higher (specific) star formation rates than galaxies in denser regions. Conversely, galaxies found in V

2
voids show less significant differences when compared to galaxies in denser regions, less consistent with the large-scale environmental effects on galaxy properties expected from both simulations and previous observations. These results align with previous simulation results that show V

2
-identified voids “leak” into the dense walls between voids because their boundaries extend up to the density maxima in the walls. As a result, when using ZOBOV-based void-finders, galaxies likely to be part of wall regions are instead classified as void galaxies, a misclassification that can be critical to our understanding of galaxy evolution.
A Flat-bottomed Buried Crater and Paleo-layered Structures Revealed at the Von Kármán Crater Using Lunar Penetrating Radar
Authors: Zhang Ling , Meng Xindong , Qian Yuqi , Xu Yi , Zhang Xiaoping , Liu Zhipeng , Lai Jialong , Gao Rui
Published: December 2024

Impact cratering is the most common geological process occurring on terrestrial planets. The morphologies of impact craters reflect not only the impact conditions but the target properties as well. They have been widely used as subsurface probes into regolith thickness and mechanical properties. A population of paleo-buried impact craters has been discovered by recent geophysical investigations of the Moon; however, their morphologies have never been constrained. The lunar penetrating radar onboard the Chang’e-4 rover has offered an unprecedented opportunity to study the morphology of those paleo-buried craters and reveal obscured depositing history. In this study, we have identified a flat-bottomed paleocrater (450 m in diameter; 11.5 m in depth) on an extraterrestrial world and reconstructed its morphology. This discovery reinforces how impacts would modify layered structures, providing additional evidence regarding subsurface interfaces between the paleoregolith layers and the final-stage lava layers, shedding light on similar processes on all planets.
An Exploration of Molecular Lines for Abundance Analysis in M-dwarf IR Spectra
Authors: Flores Isabella , Maas Zachary G. , Hinkel Natalie R.
Published: December 2024

We identified detectable molecular absorption lines and estimated the abundances of carbon (C), aluminum (Al), chlorine (Cl) and chromium (Cr) in an M dwarf star with  T
eff ~ 3100 K. We chose a well-studied M-dwarf, HD 125455B, since this star is in a binary pair with K-type star, HD 125455. Abundance analysis was conducted using a high-resolution H-band spectrum from IGRINS. We identified CO lines to test the methodology and identified detectable AlO, HCl, and CrH lines in the IR H-band. We determined upper limits for stellar abundances for [C/H], [Al/H], [Cl/H], and [Cr/H] in HD 125455B and we provided a comparison to known abundances for HD 125455.
Little Time for Oscillation: Fast Disruption of the Radcliffe Wave by Galactic Motions
Authors: Li Guang-Xing , Zhou Ji-Xuan , Chen Bingqiu
Published: December 2024

The Radcliffe wave is a 2.7 kpc long, 100 pc wide-like structure in the Galactic disk with a wave-like velocity structure. A referent Nature paper treated the Wave as a solid body in the disk plane, modeled its oscillation along the vertical direction, and derived the local Galactic mass distribution from the oscillation pattern. In reality, Galactic shear can stretch gas through differential rotation, whereas gas clouds experience epicyclic motions. We simulate the 3D evolution of the local interstellar gas and find shear and encyclic motion stretches the Radcliffe wave to almost twice its current length at the timescale of 45 Myr, within which only half a cycle of the proposed vertical oscillation occurs. The simulation also reveals the formation of new filaments and filament-filament mergers. Treating the Radcliffe wave as a solid body in the Galactic disk and an oscillating structure in the vertical direction is thus an oversimplification. Our data-driven simulation reveals the 3D evolution of the local interstellar gas with several processes at play, strengthening the role of the Solar Neighborhood as a unique test ground for theories of interstellar gas evolution.
Ejected Particles after Impact Splash on Mars: Electrification
Authors: Becker T. , Onyeagusi F. C. , Teiser J. , Jardiel T. , Peiteado M. , Muñoz O. , Martikainen J. , Gomez Martin J. C. , Merrison J. , Wurm G.
Published: December 2024

Within the RoadMap project, we investigated the microphysical aspects of particle collisions during saltation on the Martian surface in laboratory experiments. In earlier works, we followed the size distribution of ejected particles, their aerodynamic properties, and aggregation status upon ejection. We now focus on the electrification and charge distribution of ejected particles. We analyzed rebound and ejection trajectories of grains in a vacuum setup with a strong electric field of 100 kV m−1 and deduced particle charges from their acceleration. The ejected particles have sizes of about 10–100 μm. They carry charges up to 105 e or charge densities up to >107 e mm−2.
Left atrial myxoma metastasizing to the brain: a case report and review of literature
Authors: Basu Anna , Grindrod Natalie , Dar A. Rashid , Leung Andrew , Cecchini Matt , Lock Michael
Published: December 2024

Cardiac myxomas, the most common primary cardiac tumors, are believed to originate from multipotent mesenchymal cells. Approximately 75% of myxomas occur within the left atrium, increasing the risk of systemic thromboembolic events. While typically benign, atrial myxomas can rarely metastasize to the brain, with fewer than 60 cases reported. We present a case of a 56-year-old woman with a history of left atrial myxoma who developed headaches, right arm weakness, and blurry vision three months post-cardiac surgery. Imaging showed multiple hemorrhagic brain lesions, and she was treated with whole brain radiotherapy (20 Gy/5 fractions). Four years later, she remains stable with no new lesions and has fully regained function. Currently, there is no standard management for cardiac myxoma metastases. This case highlights the potential role of radiotherapy in managing brain metastases from left atrial myxomas, suggesting a possible treatment strategy based on this case and a review of the literature.
Distribution and growth of Nga Myin Yinn, Silonia silondia (Actinopterygii: Siluriformes: Schilbeidae), in the Ayeyarwady River, Myanmar
Authors: Min Aye Aye , Soe Toe Toe , Thwe Thida Lay , Aye Pwint Thu , Lwin Than Than , Thaung Ye Win , Lwin Tint , Oo Aung Naing , Maung Wai Lin , Maw Khin Maung , Hosono Shota , Matsui Hiroyuki , Mitsui Shota , Terahara Takeshi , Endo Masato , Yokota Masashi , Kobayashi Takeshi
Published: December 2024

The silond catfish, Silonia silondia (Hamilton, 1822), known locally as Nga Myin Yinn, is rare in Myanmar fish markets and can fetch a high price. Efforts are being made to increase the production for domestic demand. We examined the distribution and growth of S. silondia based on catches in the Ayeyarwady River and growth records in fish farms near the river. The smaller fish were observed downstream near their nursery and the medium fish were around 1 m total length (TL) were often widespread, whereas the larger fish preferred upstream locations. Estimating the individual age from poorly defined periodic rings on the surface of otolith sections was difficult, but their microchemistry may reflect a shared nursery environment and subsequent migration throughout the entire river region. The growth curve estimates in the farmed population revealed a mean TL of 60 cm at four years, indicating that farmed fish were smaller than commercially captured wild fish. This is one of the first comprehensive studies of the river region, but more detailed surveys are needed to manage the fish resource sustainably.
A New Era of “Greater BRICS Cooperation”: The Future of the World and China’s Role
Authors: Wang Wen , Long Chen
Published: December 2024

After the expansion of BRICS, its cooperation mechanism has officially transitioned to a new phase termed “Greater BRICS Cooperation”. This paper explores methods to enhance collaboration among the greater BRICS nations from the perspective of China. Employing textual and empirical analysis, this study observes that the developmental disparities between the global North and South have gradually diminished, amplifying the eagerness and capacity of developing nations to engage in global governance. Simultaneously, the original BRICS cooperation framework faces pressure to adapt alongside changes in its member composition. As a prominent BRICS member, China is urged to leverage its developmental expertise to drive standardized expansion protocols and foster internal and external cooperation. Internally, the association needs to standardize expansion procedures, enhance the institutional framework, and boost professionalism. Externally, it should establish a BRICS regional cooperation committee and strengthen ties with international organizations. These efforts aim to propel high-quality development and comprehensive advancement within the BRICS cooperation mechanism.