bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Oral bovine serum albumin administration benefits plasma amino acid profile in blunt snout bream fed high‐fat and high‐energy diet through the TOR signaling pathway
Authors: Abasubong Kenneth Prudence , Jiang Guang‐Zhen , Adjoumani Jean‐Jacques Y. , Guo Hui‐xing , Wang Xi , Huang Yang‐yang , Dai Yong‐Jun , Li Xiang‐Fei , Dong Yan‐zou , Liu Wen‐bin , Desouky Hesham Eed
Published: August 2023

This study investigated the effect of oral bovine serum albumin (BSA) on plasma amino acid profile and growth performance in blunt snout bream fed high‐fat and high‐energy diets. A total of 360 fish (average weight: 45.84 ± 0.07 g) were randomly divided into three groups in four replicates and fed with the control, high‐fat diet (HFD), and high‐energy diet (HED), respectively. After 12 weeks of feeding, fish were orally administered with 10% BSA for 10 h, with the blood and liver sample obtained at 10 h. The results showed no remarkable difference (p > 0.05) in final weight, weight gain rate, feed conversion ratio, protein efficiency ratio, and daily growth rate among dietary treatments. However, fish fed HFD and HED obtained significantly higher energy and nitrogen retention content than the control. Plasma valine and histidine content were more prevalent in fish fed the control diet than in HFD and HED groups. However, BSA significantly enhanced this content with higher values observed in arginine and alanine content than in control diets at 10 h. Significantly higher liver and plasma Aspartate aminotransferase, Xanthine oxidase, and Glutamate dehydrogenase content were found in the HFD than in the control group. However, the administration of BSA at 10 h improved these parameters similar to the control. Meanwhile, protease, Lipase, aminopeptidase N, carboxypeptidase A, and Na+ K+‐ATPase were influenced significantly (p < 0.001) by sampling time, dietary treatments, and their interaction. Fish fed with the HFD and HED significantly downregulated (p < 0.05) the akt, bcat2, 4e‐bp1, s6k1, and tor expression compared to the control. However, BSA administration at 10 h improved these genes similar to the control. This study indicated that oral BSA administration could benefit plasma amino acid through the TOR signaling pathway in blunt snout bream fed high‐fat and high‐energy diets.
The expression and distribution of TACAN in human and rat bladders
Authors: Lu Qudong , Liu Qian , Chen Shiwei , Wang Jiaolian , Chen Yongjie , Sun Bishao , Yang Zhenxing , Feng Huan , Yi Shanhong , Chen Wei , Zhu Jingzhen
Published: August 2023

Objectives

A lot of ion channels participate in the regulation of bladder function. TACAN, a new mechanosensitive ion channel, was first discovered in 2020. TACAN has been found to be expressed in many tissues, such as the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) and adipose tissue. However, it is unclear whether or not TACAN is expressed in the bladder. In this work, we decided to study the expression and distribution of TACAN in human and rat bladders. Meanwhile, the expression of TACAN in the rat model of interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) was studied.

Methods

Human bladder tissues were obtained from female patients. Cyclophosphamide (CYP) was used to build the rat model of IC/BPS. Real‐time polymerase chain reaction, agarose gel electrophoresis, and western blotting were used to assess the expression of TACAN in human and rat bladders. Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence were used to observe the distribution of TACAN in human and rat bladders. Hematoxylin‐eosin stain, withdrawal threshold, and micturition interval were used to evaluate animal models.

Results

The results of agarose gel electrophoresis and western blotting suggested that TACAN was expressed in human and rat bladders. Immunohistochemical results suggested that TACAN showed positive immunoreaction in the urothelial and detrusor layers. The immunofluorescence results indicated that TACAN was co‐stained with UPKIII, α‐SMA, and PGP9.5. The IC/BPS model was successfully established with CYP. The mRNA and protein expression of TACAN was upregulated in the CYP‐induced rat model of IC/BPS.

Conclusions

TACAN was found in human and rat bladders. TACAN was mainly distributed in the urothelial and detrusor layers and bladder nerves. The expression of TACAN was upregulated in the CYP‐induced rat model of IC/BPS. This new discovery will provide a theoretical basis for future research on the function of TACAN in the bladder and a potential therapeutic target for IC/BPS.
Temperature‐induced lipocalin‐mediated membrane integrity: Possible implications for vindoline accumulation in Catharanthus roseus leaves
Authors: Mall Maneesha , Shanker Karuna , Nagegowda Dinesh A. , Samad Abdul , Kalra Alok , Pandey Alok , Sundaresan Velusamy , Shukla Ashutosh K.
Published: August 2023

Plant lipocalins perform diverse functions. Recently, allene oxide cyclase, a lipocalin family member, has been shown to co‐express with vindoline pathway genes in Catharanthus roseus under various biotic/abiotic stresses. This brought focus to another family member, a temperature‐induced lipocalin (CrTIL), which was selected for full‐length cloning, tissue‐specific expression profiling, in silico characterization, and upstream genomic region analysis for cis‐regulatory elements. Stress‐mediated variations in CrTIL expression were reflected as disturbances in cell membrane integrity, assayed through measurement of electrolyte leakage and lipid peroxidation product, MDA, which implicated the role of CrTIL in maintaining cell membrane integrity. For ascertaining the function of CrTIL in maintaining membrane stability and elucidating the relationship between CrTIL expression and vindoline content, if any, a direct approach was adopted, whereby CrTIL was transiently silenced and overexpressed in C. roseus. CrTIL silencing and overexpression confirmed its role in the maintenance of membrane integrity and indicated an inverse relationship of its expression with vindoline content. GFP fusion‐based subcellular localization indicated membrane localization of CrTIL, which was in agreement with its role in maintaining membrane integrity. Altogether, the role of CrTIL in maintaining membrane structure has possible implications for the intracellular sequestration, storage, and viability of vindoline.
Staff‐rated ability to provide post‐diagnosis support for patients with mild cognitive impairment and related factors
Authors: Iiyama Yuki , Kaba Yuzaburo , Kusaba Tomoko , Furumura Mitsuyo
Published: August 2023

Background

Proactive interventions for patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) are required. We aimed to determine the staff‐rated ability to provide post‐diagnosis support for patients with MCI at a medical centre for dementia and the related factors.

Methods

We conducted a web‐based survey on post‐diagnosis support for patients with MCI among healthcare personnel, such as mental health social workers and public health nurses (hereafter referred to as ‘staff’), in consultation and support roles at medical centres for dementia nationwide. The latent characteristic value for ‘staff's self‐rated ability to provide post‐diagnosis support to patients with MCI’, which was estimated using the one‐parameter logistic model of item response theory, was used as the dependent variable. Multivariate linear regression analysis was used to examine the factors associated with the dependent variable.

Results

We conducted the study at 482 medical centres for dementia. We received responses from 162 participants, 158 of which were valid. We applied item response theory to 45 staff‐rated items regarding post‐diagnosis support for patients with MCI and found that item difficulty ranged from −2.56 to 1.02; 40 items had negative values and were deemed relatively easy. The staff‐rated ability to provide post‐diagnosis support was significantly higher for ‘The role in assisting patients with MCI is clear’ (P < 0.005), ‘A reasonable number of personnel is available to assist immediately after MCI diagnosis’ (P = 0.001), and ‘Collaboration with family physician available immediately after MCI diagnosis’ (P < 0.001).

Conclusions

The results of this study showed that staff rated their ability to provide post‐diagnosis support for patients with MCI as relatively easy. The staff‐rated ability to provide post‐diagnosis support to patients with MCI may be enhanced by increased availability of staff immediately after MCI diagnosis, clarification of staff roles, and collaboration with family doctors.
Frame alignment processes for locally useful agricultural soil research and extension: The role of farm advisors
Authors: Higgins Vaughan , Bryant Melanie , Allan Catherine , Cockfield Geoff , Leith Peat , Cooke Penny
Published: August 2023

Farm advisors are recognised as playing an increasingly central role in facilitating interactions between scientists and farmers to improve local implementation of sustainable soil management practices and agricultural innovations more broadly. However, there has been limited scrutiny of what farm advisors do when faced with conflicting interpretations among actors over techniques or approaches for facilitating agricultural innovation. This article advances knowledge in this area by investigating the role of farm advisors in aligning different frames on agricultural soil research and extension across seven Australian mixed farming regions. Drawing upon theoretical work on frame alignment, we argue that farm advisors use three types of strategies to align conflicting frames—frame bridging, frame amplification and frame transformation. These strategies seek to frame local soil research and extension priorities in ways that are assumed to resonate more closely with the frames of multiple constituents, such as farmers and soil scientists. Through our analysis, we argue that the application of a frame alignment approach enables greater precision in identifying which (a) interactive and social learning processes, (b) key local influencers and communities of practice and (c) resourcing and governance arrangements are most likely to be effective in facilitating soil research and extension that is locally useful and useable.
What students say to be ready for acute care: Implications for preceptors
Authors: Oldenburg Hannah , Hake Melissa , Rindflesch Aaron
Published: August 2023

Background

Student readiness for clinical education experiences is an important variable for clinical preceptors. Readiness has been reported from the viewpoints of clinicians, academic faculty, clinical preceptors, employers and novice graduate physical therapists. Perspectives from physical and occupational therapy students could better prepare preceptors in the acute care setting.

Approach

Thematic analysis was conducted following the approach described by Braun and Clarke. The purpose of this study was to describe physical and occupational therapy student perceptions of readiness for full‐time acute care clinical education experiences. Twenty‐one physical and occupational therapy students in process of completing full‐time clinical education experiences at a large academic medical centre were qualitatively interviewed in small groups. A two‐stage iterative process of thematic inquiry was used to induce themes about student readiness for full‐time acute care clinical experiences. Transcription, coding and thematic analysis were completed. Students also completed a one‐time questionnaire with demographic and learner characteristic scales.

Findings

Participants were on average 26.4 years old, predominantly female and White, and had completed one full‐time clinical education experience prior to participation. Four major thematic categories of student readiness for acute care clinical experiences emerged: (1) mindset and willingness; (2) knowledge and experience; (3) communication and collaboration; and (4) planning and prioritising.

Implications

Students report their readiness is facilitated by preceptors who can model flexibility, foster communication that promotes clinical reasoning, implement an orientation to the acute care culture and learning resources and scaffold roles and responsibilities to aid professional authority.
Feasibility and safety of Post-Urgent PCI Same-DaY discharge (PUSDY Trial) in China: protocol for a multicentre randomised controlled trial
Authors: Li Xiang , Zhang Feng , Yang Duo , Ye Ming , Zu Xiaolin , Zhai Guangyao , Fu Hao , Qu Chao , Jin Yanyan , Zhou Can , Qi Shuying , Wang Chenggang , Gao Hai
Published: August 2023

Introduction

In the Chinese healthcare system, where there is overcrowding in hospitals, especially in tertiary care centres, adoption of same-day discharge (SDD) post-percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) could potentially lead to significant savings of healthcare resources and costs. This study is a non-inferiority trial examining whether post-PCI SDD is feasible in China. The primary hypothesis is that patient outcomes in post-urgent PCI SDD patients are non-inferior to regular discharge patients.

Methods and analysis

Post-Urgent PCI Same-DaY is an investigator-initiated multicentre randomised unblinded clinical non-inferiority trial, with 1:1 centralised randomisation to the SDD or usual care (UC) group. Based on sample size calculations, 1296 patients from at least three hospitals, with mild to moderate myocardial infarction, will be included, and acute coronary syndrome patients will be excluded. All patients will receive UC while patients assigned to the SDD group will be discharged on the same day or within 12 hours post-PCI. The primary outcome is major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events 30 days after discharge. The secondary outcomes are all-cause mortality, bleeding and access site complications. The outcome rates will be compared between groups with the absolute risk difference with a 95% CI.

Ethics and dissemination

The study protocol V.2.0 has been approved on 21 January 2022 by the Ethics Committee of Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University (approval number: 2021 KLSD No. 23). The outcomes of this study will be disseminated through a peer-reviewed journal and presented at international conferences.

Trial registration number

ChiCTR 2200057065; China Clinical Trial Registration.
Molecular dynamic simulations of Ti-6Al and Fe-12Cr alloys for their heat transfer and oxygen transport behaviors
Authors: Sun Ruochen , Mi Guangbao , Huang Xu , Sui Nan
Published: August 2023

The heat transfer and oxygen transport behaviors of Ti-6Al and Fe-12Cr alloys directly affect their aeronautical material application. In order to investigate the flame retardant mechanism in atomic scale, molecular dynamic (MD) simulations were performed to study the heat transfer and oxygen transport performances of Ti-6Al and Fe-12Cr alloys in the linear and uniform heating treatment. Next, the ignition performances of Ti-6Al and Fe-12Cr alloys were further verified by the frictional ignition tests. Therefore, this is a multi-scale research with a novel combination of MD simulations and ignition tests. Those obtained results show that the heat is more concentrated at the heating edge of Ti-6Al alloy while at the same heating rate. This leads to the intensification of atomic motion at the heating edge, and reduces the structural thermal stability of Ti-6Al alloy’s heating edge. Therefore, the heat transfer performance of Fe-12Cr alloy at the same state is better than that of Ti-6Al alloy. When there is an oxide layer on the surface of these two alloys, Fe-12Cr alloy can inhibit the oxygen transfer more effectively than Ti-6Al alloy, and further improve its flame retardant property. In addition, the frictional ignition tests with Ti alloy rotor under the same airflow environment show that the critical airflow velocity of the Fe-12Cr alloy stator is about 114[Formula: see text]m/s higher than that of Ti-6Al-4V alloy stator at 384∘. Generally, according to MD simulations and frictional ignition tests, it could be concluded that the flame retardancy of Fe-12Cr alloy is higher than Ti-6Al alloy.
Bivariate Extension of Weighted Dynamic Survival Extropy and Its Quantile Approach
Authors: Sathar E. I. Abdul , Krishnan C. U. Lekshmi
Published: August 2023

This paper considers shift-dependent survival extropy in a bivariate setup and studies its properties. We also look into the problem of extending the same measure for conditionally specified models. It is shown that the proposed measure uniquely determines the distribution. Also, we established nonparametric estimators for the conditionally specified model, and the asymptotic properties of the proposed estimator are established under some regularity conditions. The effect of the proposed estimator is illustrated using simulated and real data sets. We have also proposed a quantile-based measure which uniquely determines the distribution. Also, we have obtained the real-life application of the proposed measure for a quantile function whose distribution function does not exist.
An Efficient Brain Tumor Prediction Using Pteropus Unicinctus Optimization on Deep Neural Network
Authors: Chhabra Sumit , Bansal Khushboo
Published: August 2023

Human brain tumors are now the most serious and horrible diseases for people, causing certain deaths. The patient’s life also becomes more complicated over time as a result of the brain tumor. Thus, it is essential to find tumors early to safeguard and extend the patient’s life. Hence, new improvements are highly essential in the techniques of brain tumor detection in medical areas. To address this, research has introduced automatic brain tumor prediction using Pteropus unicinctus optimization on deep neural networks (PUO-deep NNs). Initially, the data are gathered from the BraTS MICCAI brain tumor dataset and preprocessing and ROI extraction are performed to remove the noise from the data. Then the extracted RoI is forwarded to the fuzzy c-means (FCM) clustering to segment the brain image. The parameters of the FCM tune the PUO algorithm so the image is segmented into the tumor region and the non-tumor region. Then the feature extraction takes place on ResNet. Finally, the deep NN classifier successfully predicted the brain tumor by utilizing the PUO method, which improved the classifier performance and produced extremely accurate results. For dataset 1, the PUO-deep NN achieved values of 87.69% accuracy, 93.81% sensitivity, and 99.01% specificity. The suggested PUO-deep NN also attained the values for dataset 2 of 98.49%, 98.55%, and 95.60%, which is significantly more effective than the current approaches.
Multi-Scale Modeling and Analysis of Three-Dimensional Woven Composites Shell with Cut-Outs
Authors: Panigrahi S. K. , Dewangan Mithilesh Kumar , Kumar Pankaj
Published: August 2023

Advancement in weaving techniques has made woven composites used in the diverse fields of aerospace, automobile, and many more. In the past few decades, textile composites have been considered the best materials, where most of the studies are focused on plain woven composites. The designing of these structures made up of plain-woven composites associated with discontinuities in the form of cut-outs may lead to the failure of the structure. The collapse in the structure will be due to stress concentration or popularly known as stress raisers. Therefore, this research proposes a numerical study based on finite element analysis (FEA) using a multi-scale modeling approach for a three-dimensional (3D) plain-woven composite 3D shell with varied cut-out shapes. The analysis is performed to comprehend the result of fiber orientation on the mechanical behavior of 3D woven composites having circular and elliptical cut-outs. This research proposes a ply stacking sequence that significantly reduces stress concentration primarily at interruptions in the structure. It is concluded that combining different ply layers having fiber orientation of [Formula: see text] in a multilayer composite 3D shell reduces stress concentration around the periphery of circular or elliptical cut-outs.
Underrepresentation of women in exercise science and physiology research is associated with authorship gender
Authors: James Jessica J. , Klevenow Emilie A. , Atkinson Mira A. , Vosters Emma E. , Bueckers Elizabeth P. , Quinn Meagan E. , Kindy Samantha L. , Mason Azara P. , Nelson Sophia K. , Rainwater Kennedy A. H. , Taylor Petra V. , Zippel Elena P. , Hunter Sandra K.
Published: August 2023

Analysis of human applied physiology studies revealed that the representation of women authors, participants, and editorial board members increased over 30 years but remained lower than men in 2021. Larger representation of women editors and authors was associated with more women participants. Women authors assessed similar numbers of women and men participants, whereas men authors included less women. Equitable representation of women participants may be achieved by closing the gender gap in authorship and editorial board membership.
Effect of Differently Polarized Human Macrophages on the SH-SY5Y Cells Damaged by Ischemia and Hypoxia In Vitro
Authors: Rashchupkin Ivan Mikhailovich , Shevela Ekaterina Yakovlevna , Maksimova Aleksandra Aleksandrovna , Tikhonova Marina Aleksandrovna , Ostanin Aleksandr Anatolevich , Chernykh Elena Removna
Published: August 2023

Macrophages are the major cells of innate immunity with a wide range of biological effects due to their great plasticity and heterogeneity. Macrophages play a key role in neuroregeneration following nervous tissue injury. However, the neuroregenerative potential of various macrophage phenotypes, including those polarized by efferocytosis, remains unexplored. The aim of this study was to compare the neuroregenerative and neuroprotective activity of soluble factors secreted by variously activated human macrophages on the functions of neural progenitors in an in vitro model of ischemia or ischemia/hypoxia. Macrophages were polarized by interferon-γ (M1), IL-4 (M2a), or interaction with apoptotic cells (M2(LS)). The effect of macrophages conditioned media on the proliferation, differentiation, and survival of SH-SY5Y cells damaged by serum deprivation alone (ischemic conditions) or in combination with CoCl2 (ischemic/hypoxic conditions) was assessed. All studied macrophages stimulated the proliferation and differentiation of SH-SY5Y cells. On day 3, the pro-proliferating effect of M1 and M2 was similar and did not depend on the severity of the damaging effect (ischemia or ischemia/hypoxia), while on day 7 and under ischemic/hypoxic conditions, the effects of M2(LS) exceeded those of M1 and M2a cells. The prodifferentiation effects of macrophages were manifested in both short- and long-term cultures, mainly under ischemic/hypoxic conditions, and were most characteristic of M2(LS) cells. Importantly, the ischemia/hypoxia model was accompanied by the pronounced death of SH-SY5Y cells. Only macrophages with the M2 phenotype demonstrated antiapoptotic activity, and the effect of M2(LS) was higher than that of M2a. The results obtained indicate that human macrophages have neuroprotective and neuroregenerative activity, which is mediated by soluble factors, is most characteristic for macrophages activated by efferocytosis (M2(LS)), and is most prominent under in vitro conditions simulating the combined effect of ischemia/hypoxia.
Clinical Characteristics and Risk Factors for Allergic Rhinitis in Children with Epistaxis
Authors: Qing Jing , Cai Yili , Tang Shixiong , Wang Yaowen
Published: August 2023

Background. Epistaxis is frequently observed in children with allergic rhinitis. However, few studies have addressed the clinical characteristics and risk factors for allergic rhinitis in children with epistaxis. This study aimed to describe the factors associated with allergic rhinitis in children with epistaxis. Methods. In total, we recruited 80 children (aged 3–14 years) who presented with epistaxis at a tertiary hospital between January 2014 and January 2022. The follow-up duration was at least 3 months, and we performed a multivariate logistic regression analysis to identify the risk factors for allergic rhinitis. Results. Among the 80 children examined, 57 (71.25%) had allergic rhinitis. Epistaxis mainly occurred in autumn in children with allergic rhinitis; in contrast, it mostly occurred in summer in children without it (P = 0.029). Mites are common allergens for allergic rhinitis in children with epistaxis; the univariate analysis revealed significant differences between allergic-rhinitis group and nonallergic-rhinitis group in the number of allergens

P
 
<
 
0.001

and total IgE

P
 
<
 
0.001

. The difference in severity of nasal symptoms between the two groups was statistically significant and included nasal obstruction

P
 
<
 
0.001

, rhinorrhea

P
 
<
 
0.001

, sneezing

P
 
<
 
0.001

, and nasal itching

P
 
<
 
0.001

. After adjusting for potential confounders, the severity of rhinorrhea symptoms was found to be associated with an increased risk of allergic rhinitis in children with epistaxis (odds ratio: 3.86; 95% confidence interval: 1.61–9.26; P = 0.003). Conclusions. Observing the onset season, number of allergens, total IgE, and nasal symptoms in cases of epistaxis could suggest the presence of associated allergic rhinitis and reduce the number of missed diagnoses; antiallergic drugs could help control epistaxis in these cases.
PENGETAHUAN, SIKAP, DAN PERILAKU PASIEN GLAUKOMA DI PMN RS MATA CICENDO TERHADAP PENYAKIT GLAUKOMA
Authors: Akbari Anamika Lingga Anjani , Rifada R. Maula , Gustianty Elsa
Published: August 2023

Pendahuluan: Glaukoma merupakan penyebab kedua kebutaan terbanyak secara global. Sebagian besar kasus glaukoma bersifat asimptomatik, sehingga pasien tidak sadar dengan penyakitnya sampai munculnya gangguan penglihatan hingga kebutaan. Melalui pengetahuan, sikap, dan perilaku (PSP) pasien yang baik dapat mendukung pengendalian keparahan penyakit glaukoma. Akan tetapi, di Indonesia penelitian yang menunjukkan tingkat PSP pasien glaukoma terhadap penyakit glaukoma masih tergolong sedikit. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai tingkat PSP pasien glaukoma di PMN RS Mata Cicendo terhadap penyakit glaukoma.
Metode: Studi ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian deskriptif cross-sectional melalui pengisian kuesioner pada 59 pasien glaukoma di PMN RS Mata Cicendo pada bulan Februari 2023. Pada penelitian ini terdapat tiga variabel yang dinilai, yaitu pengetahuan, sikap, dan perilaku.
Hasil: Pasien glaukoma menunjukkan pengetahuan baik (35,6%), cukup (59,5%), dan kurang (5,1%) dengan hanya 42,4% pasien yang bersikap positif dan 49,2% pasien berperilaku baik. Secara keseluruhan tingkat PSP pasien adalah 47%. PSP yang baik banyak ditemukan pada pasien dengan durasi pengobatan ≥6 bulan. 
Simpulan: Tingkat PSP pasien glaukoma terhadap penyakit glaukoma yang sudah cukup baik tetap harus ditingkatkan dengan strategi edukasi agar tingkat sikap dan perilaku pasien jauh lebih baik.
O pesadelo da exaustão formativa: dois poemas de Ricardo Domeneck
Authors: Lopes João Gabriel Mostazo
Published: August 2023

O artigo parte de uma reflexão sobre os impasses políticos do Brasil das duas primeiras décadas do século XXI para se perguntar sobre como a poesia reflete a exaustão do processo formativo brasileiro e os impasses da consolidação do capitalismo neoliberal como forma de vida hegemônica. A análise tem como pano de fundo aquilo que, na pesquisa em curso, estamos caracterizando como dificuldade, conceito que nomeia o esvaziamento histórico da ideia de resistência. Para isso, são analisados dois poemas de Ricardo Domeneck.
As ninfas dos mares de cá: a ninfa pagã e seu exílio nos trópicos
Authors: Campos Daniela Queiroz
Published: August 2023

O presente artigo tem como mote as chamadas ninfas na arte brasileira do século XIX. Para cumprir tal desígnio, parte-se das premissas teóricas de dois historiadores da arte, Aby Warburg e Georges Didi-Huberman. Foram, então, abordadas quatro personagens outrora literárias que se transformaram em personagens pictóricas pelos pincéis de renomados artistas brasileiros: Lindoia, Moema, Iracema e Marabá. Nas telas de José Maria de Medeiros, Victor Meirelles, Antônio Parreiras e Rodolfo Amoedo, buscamos encontrar a ninfa pagã em seu exílio nos trópicos.
O arquivo aberto do modernismo paulista
Authors: Pasini Leandro
Published: August 2023

Couto de Barros: a elite nos bastidores do modernismo paulista, de Maria Eugenia Boaventura, e Couto de Barros: o filósofo da malta (textos modernistas), organizado pela mesma autora, recolocam em cena uma figura importante, embora pouco lembrada, do grupo que organizou a Semana de Arte Moderna e atuou de forma decisiva na reconfiguração das letras, da cultura e da vida institucional de São Paulo. Com acesso ao arquivo de Couto de Barros, preservado pela família, Boaventura reconstrói não só uma narrativa biográfica e histórico-literária, mas também a história material desse grupo. Esta resenha analisa a recuperação desse novo personagem, a metodologia utilizada e a arquitetura teórica implícita nessa pesquisa.
Esculpir o ideal do “novo homem” e da “nova mulher” no Estado Novo
Authors: Lima Nerian Teixeira de Macedo de
Published: August 2023

Esta resenha crítica oferece um panorama dos principais temas debatidos pela autora do livro a partir do conjunto escultórico encomendado pelo Ministério da Educação e Saúde, no Rio de Janeiro, na gestão de Gustavo Capanema como ministro durante o Estado Novo.
Conditional, Tissue-Specific CRISPR/Cas9 Vector System in Zebrafish Reveals the Role of Nrp1b in Heart Regeneration
Authors: Singh Angom Ramcharan , Wang Ying , Wang Enfeng , Dutta Shamit Kumar , Mukhopadhyay Debabrata
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND:

CRISPR/Cas9 (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat-associated 9) technology-mediated genome editing has significantly improved the targeted inactivation of genes in vitro and in vivo in many organisms. Neuropilins play crucial roles in zebrafish heart regeneration, heart failure in mice, and electrical remodeling after myocardial infarction in rats. But the cell-specific functions of nrp1 have not been described before. In this study, we have investigated the role of
nrp1
isoforms, including
nrp1a
and
nrp1b
, in cardiomyocytes during cardiac injury and regeneration in adult zebrafish hearts.

METHODS:

In this study, we have reported a novel CRISPR-based vector system for conditional tissue-specific gene ablation in zebrafish. Specifically, the cardiac-specific
cmlc2
promoter drives Cas9 expression to silence the
nrp1
gene in cardiomyocytes in a heat-shock inducible manner. This vector system establishes a unique tool to regulate the gene knockout in both the developmental and adult stages and hence widens the possibility of loss-of-function studies in zebrafish at different stages of development and adulthood. Using this approach, we investigated the role of neuropilin isoforms
nrp1a
and
nrp1b
in response to cardiac injury and regeneration in adult zebrafish hearts.

RESULTS:

We observed that both the isoforms (
nrp1a
and
nrp1b
) are upregulated after the cryoinjury. Interestingly, the
nrp1b
knockout significantly delayed heart regeneration and impaired cardiac function in the adult zebrafish after cryoinjury, demonstrated by reduced heart rate, ejection fractions, and fractional shortening. In addition, we show that the knockdown of
nrp1b
but not
nrp1a
induces activation of the cardiac remodeling genes in response to cryoinjury.

CONCLUSIONS:

To our knowledge, this study is novel where we have reported a heat-shock–mediated conditional knockdown of
nrp1a
and
nrp1b
isoforms using CRISPR/Cas9 technology in the cardiomyocyte in zebrafish and furthermore have identified a crucial role for the
nrp1b
isoform in zebrafish cardiac remodeling and eventually heart function in response to injury.
Contesting the Shifting Center of World Christianity to Africa: Methodological Reconsiderations
Authors: Ilo Stan Chu
Published: August 2023

This essay contests the regnant narratives that the center of gravity of Christianity is shifting to Africa. First, it is not always clear what theorists mean as to what constitutes the centering of Christianity and what ‘shifting centers’ mean beyond the claims of the demographic, social and cultural history of Christian expansion. Furthermore, the field of world Christianity and the methods for studying it continue to evolve, pointing more to a divergence than a convergence in both method and subject matter. Through critical study of old and emerging methodologies, the essay proposes that the claims about world Christianity and its variants and features in Africa must be rethought in ways that give value to the actual faith and context of Africans. The essay proposes four possible approaches for developing an account of Christianity in Africa and the world, focusing on theological, missional, and biblical prescriptive perspectives, that complement the predominant descriptive, sociological, and historical accounts of Christian expansion in Africa in current scholarship.
Prophetic Dialogue: Ecclesiology for a Vital Church
Authors: Otu Idara
Published: August 2023

The Catholic church is a community of faith, and an agency of social transformation for a distressed African continent. Many Africans look up to the church for renewal and direction in their quest for integral development and cosmic flourishing. This expectation is gradually weaning in the face of the multidimensional challenges that weigh on Africa. Particularly, the impoverished social order and dysfunctional political systems deprive Africans of dignified lives and sustainable development. This article builds on prophetic dialogue as an ecclesiological paradigm for local churches in engaging the African social context in a manner that inspires social transformation. Grounded on prophetic dialogue, the article proposes pathways of local churches in addressing the concrete social issues and concerns of the people in their locality. These include social discernment, social palaver, and self-emptying. Drawing insights from the teachings of Pope Francis, the essay argues that these pathways offer credible and effective channels for a transformative encounter between the Catholic Church and African society.
Type specimens of the species of Cycloramphus Tschudi, 1838 (Anura, Cycloramphidae) in the collections of the Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Authors: CARAMASCHI ULISSES , JR. JOSÉ P. POMBAL
Published: August 2023

The Museu Nacional, in Rio de Janeiro, is the oldest scientific institution in Brazil, created by a decree of the Regent Prince and future King D. João VI on 06 June 1818. In particular, the herpetological collection dates from the early 1870’s and were studied by the first Brazilian herpetologists, namely Alípio de Miranda Ribeiro (1874–1934) and Adolpho Lutz (1855–1940). Currently, the Museu Nacional houses many type-specimens of amphibians, including species of the genus Cycloramphus Tschudi, 1838, with many problems and inconsistencies between the published data, the labels of the specimens, and the register books. In this paper, we analyse the type-specimens of Cycloramphus deposited in the Museu Nacional and Adolpho Lutz collections, described by Miranda-Ribeiro, A. Lutz, and many later herpetologists. With the purpose of contributing to the stability of nomenclature within Cycloramphus, we newly designate lectotypes for Cycloramphus eleutherodactylus var. variegata A. Lutz, 1929, Grypiscus lutzi Miranda-Ribeiro, 1935, and Iliodiscus lutzi Miranda-Ribeiro, 1929. Of the 14 nominal species treated, lectotypes for Cycloramphus eleutherodactylus var. variegata A. Lutz, 1929, Cycloramphus granulosus A. Lutz, 1929, Iliodiscus lutzi Miranda-Ribeiro, 1929, and Grypiscus lutzi Miranda-Ribeiro, 1935, are designated and figured; the holotypes of Cycloramphus eleutherodactylus var. strigillata A. Lutz, 1929 and of Cycloramphus distinctus A. Lutz, 1932, are figured; the identity of holotype and paratypes of Cycloramphus heyeri Segalla et al. 2021 is clarified. A new synonymy between Grypiscus lutzi Miranda-Ribeiro, 1935 and Cycloramphus brasiliensis (Steindachner, 1864) is proposed. Information on the type localities of all species is updated.
Endovascular Occlusive or Sclerosing Agent Monotherapy for Varicose Veins: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Chen I-Chun , Huang Ya-Li , Kang Yi-No , Chiu Wen-Kuan , Wang Hsian-Jenn , Chen Chiehfeng
Published: August 2023

This systematic review and network meta-analysis investigated the clinical efficacy and safety of chemical agent injections in patients with varicose veins. PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases were searched for eligible studies where patients administered endovascular agents comprised an intervention group, and patients administered other interventions comprised the comparison group. The endovascular agents included foam and liquid form sclerotherapy or cyanoacrylate glue. The other interventions in this study included surgery, endovenous laser ablation (EVLA), radiofrequency ablation (RFA), and placebo. A network meta-analysis for treatment effectiveness was performed. In addition, we illustrated the P-score lines of success rate and complication rate sorted by the P-score. Our results showed that at all postprocedural time intervals, cyanoacrylate glue therapy exhibited a significantly higher success rate compared with foam and liquid sclerotherapy. According to the plot of P-score lines, cyanoacrylate glue had an overall tendency of higher success rate and lower complication rate compared with foam and liquid sclerotherapy. Comparing with the other invasive treatments, cyanoacrylate glue may be non-inferior and could be considered as an option for treating varicose veins. However, the clinical benefits and safety of endovascular agents for the treatment of varicose veins require further corroboration through randomized control trials.
Managing Congenital Heart Defects in Elderly: The Platypnea-Orthodeoxia Syndrome in Underestimated Patent Foramen Ovale
Authors: Verdoia Monica , Viola Orazio , Marenna Biondino , Marrara Federica , Bertola Benedetta , Brancati Marta Francesca , Gioscia Rocco , Soldà Pier Luigi , Rognoni Andrea
Published: August 2023

The platypnea-orthodeoxia syndrome (POS) is a rare and often suboptimally managed condition with a complex diagnostic workup, conversely displaying an easy treatment and a good recovery of symptoms, especially if consequent to an intracardiac shunt. However, its identification is challenging, due to the several clinical manifestations, the multiple etiologies, representing often the delayed presentation of a congenital heart disease. We present a case report and review of available literature on patients with the POS secondary to a patent foramen ovale successfully treated with its closure.
Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging for myocardial viability assessment: Optimizing surgical revascularization in ischemic heart disease
Authors: Sayyed Azhar , Das Subhajit , Das Patralekha , Shales Sufina , Kapoor Lalit , Saha Atanu , Narayan Pradeep
Published: August 2023

Background

Patients with poor ejection fraction undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting carry higher operative risk and have poor long-term survival. Cardiac magnetic resonance is a useful modality to assess viability which can identify patients likely to benefit most from revascularization. In this study, we aimed to assess the outcome in patients selected for surgical revascularization by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and identify predictors associated with poor outcomes.

Methods

The study included patients with severely impaired left ventricular function but with at least six viable segments. Patients requiring emergency surgery, undergoing combined procedures, or where cardiopulmonary bypass was required were excluded. Cardiac magnetic resonance was carried out both preoperatively and at six months postoperatively by the same radiologist in all cases. Late gadolinium enhancement was used for the evaluation of myocardial viability.

Results

Amongst a total of 493 segments studied, there were 89 (18.1%) non-viable, 117 (23.7%) hibernating and 287 (58.2%) viable segments. At six months, the number of non-viable segments changed from 89 (18.1%) to 97 (19.7%), with an increase in viable segments from 287 (58.2%) to 374 (75.8%) and a corresponding reduction of hibernating segments from 117 (23.7%) to 22 (4.5%). There was improvement in ejection fraction from 28 ± 5.54 to 37 ± 5.86 ( p < 0.0001) in the entire cohort at six months. Overall mortality was 1 (3.2%). Preoperative left ventricular end-systolic volume had the strongest negative correlation with post-operative ejection fraction.

Conclusion

Cardiac magnetic resonance aided revascularization is associated with low mortality. Preoperative left ventricular end-systolic volume is an important determinant of postoperative ejection fraction.
Book review: Raziuddin Aquil, History in the Public Domain
Authors: Yousuf Muneeb
Published: August 2023

Raziuddin Aquil, History in the Public Domain (New Delhi: Manohar, 2023), 260 pp.
Harassment in the headache field: a global web-based cross-sectional survey
Authors: de Boer Irene , Ambrosini Anna , Halker Singh Rashmi B. , Baykan Betül , Buse Dawn C. , Tassorelli Cristina , Jensen Rigmor H. , Pozo-Rosich Patricia , Terwindt Gisela M. ,   on behalf of the International Headache Society Women’s Leadership Forum
Published: August 2023

Background

Matters of workplace harassment are an important issue. This issue needs to be recognized and studied to prevent occurrences. These important sensitive areas of effective workplace management are increasingly gaining more interest. We aimed to identify the prevalence of workplace sexual, verbal and physical harassment among headache professionals.

Methods

We adopted a cross‑sectional exploratory survey approach with quantitative design. The survey was distributed electronically among headache healthcare and research professionals globally through the International Headache Society (IHS).

Results

Data were obtained from 579 respondents (55.3%; 320/579 women). A large percentage of respondents (46.6%; 270/579) had experienced harassment; specifically, 16.1% (93/578) reported sexual harassment, 40.4% (234/579) verbal harassment and 5.5% (32/579) physical harassment. Women were almost seven times more likely to experience sexual harassment compared to men (odds ratio = 6.8; 95% confidence interval = 3.5–13.2). Although women did also more frequently report other types of harassment, this was not statistically significant (odds ratio = 1.4; 95% confidence interval = 1.0–2.0).

Conclusions

Lifetime exposure to workplace harassment is prevalent among headache professionals, especially in women. The present study uncovers a widespread issue and calls for strategies to be implemented for building a healthy and safe workplace environment.
Shipping legitimacy and identity: The Danish Maritime Museum, 1915 and 2013
Authors: Sørensen Anders Ravn
Published: August 2023

In this article, the author describes how the creation of the Danish maritime museums in 1915 and 2013 – both generously funded by maritime foundations and actors – was perceived by the shipping industry as initiatives that would help market the industry in the eyes of the public. He argues more generally that national maritime museums constitute focal points for disseminating narratives that legitimate maritime activities and establish these activities as symbols of national identities. It is suggested that maritime historians, curators and scholars reflect on the relationship between maritime industry actors and museum exhibition narratives, and consider the interests and capital that potentially underpin museums’ and curators’ decisions.
‘The Fire This Time’: The Long Crisis of Neoliberal Capitalist Accumulation and Spectre of Neofascism
Authors: Ayers Alison J.
Published: August 2023

The era since the Great Recession of 2008/9 has witnessed the rise and increased sway of numerous authoritarian-right movements, regimes and leaders across the globe. Such political developments remain inadequately understood; yet several commonplaces have emerged. First, a tendency to eschew critical enquiry of the range of forces on the radical right, in favour of collapsing such political developments into generalisations such as ‘populism’. Second, such over-generalisations have commonly elided analysis of neofascist forces, strategies and processes. Third, despite some engagement with ‘economic’ factors, examination of these political developments has largely eschewed the underlying organic crisis of neoliberal capital accumulation. This article critiques such commonplaces. The first section problematises the category of ‘populism’ as largely inadequate in understanding the complexity of forces and dynamics on the radical right. The subsequent section argues that an emergent or immanent neofascism exists within such political developments, outlining eight theses on the spectre of neofascism and the conditions that underpin the rise of elements of fascistic politics. The final section concludes with key aspects for an antifascism, arguing that opposing neofascism entails the transcendence of neoliberal capitalism itself. And a meaningful alternative to neoliberal state and capital requires us to look again to socialism.
A pioneer in the management of Australian psychiatric services: Dr Richard Greenup (1803–1866)
Authors: Brakoulias Vlasios , Buxton Megan , McDonald Tracy , White Richard T , De Moore Gregory
Published: August 2023

Objectives

To provide a brief biography of Dr Richard Greenup and to explore the legacy he has left to one of Australia’s longest operating psychiatric services.

Methods

This history was obtained by consulting staff working within Cumberland Hospital, New South Wales and by examining primary and secondary sources.

Results

Greenup was the second surgeon superintendent of ‘The Parramatta Lunatic Asylum’ from 1852 until 1866 when he was fatally stabbed with a pair of scissors by a patient. Greenup was involved in establishing The University of Sydney and advocated for expanded and improved services for people diagnosed with mental disorders.

Conclusions

Greenup recognised the needs of the mentally ill and sought to address similar social and demographic determinants of health to those that we face today. The challenges he faced, and his tragic end remind us of the importance of delivering patient-centred care whilst being mindful of associated risks.