bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Una actualización de la Disputa de Valladolid, o acerca de cómo se ingresa en la comunidad de comunicación
Authors: Scherbosky Federica
Published: March 2020

Resumen La Disputa de la Valladolid, llevada a cabo entre 1550 y 1551, buscaba resolver los parámetros de humanidad de los pueblos originarios, en función de su consecuente evangelización. ¿Tenían alma los indígenas? ¿Podían entonces evangelizarse? ¿De qué modo? Fueron los interrogantes de los pensadores de la época. Nos interesa, sin embargo, poner en consideración la lectura de la Disputa que realiza el filósofo Enrique Dussel, en torno a dos cuestiones que consideramos relevantes. Una es la vinculación con la comunidad de comunicación que plantea el filósofo alemán Karl Otto Apel y otra es su denuncia de lo que denomina el mito de la modernidad y su correspondiente crítica. Pretendemos pensar cómo el análisis que hace Dussel, cobra mayor vigencia día a día ¿Quiénes son considerados humanos hoy? ¿Con quiénes podemos dialogar? ¿Quiénes consideramos que tienen algo valioso para decirnos? Son algunas de las preguntas que guían este trabajo.
GRAIN YIELD AND MICROBIOLOGICAL QUALITY OF COWPEA PLANTS GROWN UNDER RESIDUAL EFFECT OF SEWAGE SLUDGE FERTILIZATION1
Authors: LOPES PAULO AUGUSTO PEREIRA , PEGORARO RODINEI FACCO , KONDO MARCOS KOITI , SANTOS SILVÂNIO RODRIGUES DOS , FERNANDES LUIZ ARNALDO
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT Cowpea plants produce protein-rich grains and present high yield potential when grown under irrigation and organic fertilization, enabling to substitute part of the mineral fertilizer with sewage sludge, reducing costs and generating environmental benefits. Thus, a field study about residual effect of sewage sludge fertilization on cowpea was developed to evaluate this substitution. The experiment was conducted using a randomized block design with four replications, in a 2×5 factorial arrangement consisted of two fertilization types (residual effect of sewage sludge fertilization, and mineral fertilizers) and five cowpea cultivars (BRS-Pajeu, BRS-Xiquexique, BRS-Marataoa, BRS-Pujante, and BRS-Cauame). The residual fertilizations were from applications of sewage sludge and NPK mineral fertilizers for pineapple crops grown in the area before the cowpea crop. The experiment was conducted using 80,000 plants ha-1 and micro-sprinkler irrigation. Vegetative and yield components, grain yield, and microbiological quality were analyzed. BRS-Pujante had the highest cowpea grain yield (4,124 kg ha-1) and the highest means for vegetative and yield components. The soil with residual sewage sludge fertilization improved the cowpea root growth and grain yield (3,854 kg ha-1); the latter was 19% higher than that of treatments with mineral fertilization. These results were related to the great soil organic matter content provided by the sludge fertilization, which promotes nutrient mineralization, increasing grain yield. Fresh and dry grains of cowpea plants grown under residual effect of sewage sludge fertilization have similar microbiological quality to those of plants grown under mineral fertilization.
INFLORESCENCE PRODUCTION OF BROCCOLI CULTIVARS IN THE HOT AND HUMID CLIMATE OF CENTRAL AMAZONIA1
Authors: SANTOS ANDRÉ RICARDO MORAIS DOS , KANO CRISTIAINI , CHAVES FRANCISCO CÉLIO MAIA , CUNHA ANDRÉ LUIZ BORBOREMA DA , GENTIL DANIEL FELIPE DE OLIVEIRA , COSTA JÚNIOR ARI BATISTA DA
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT Broccoli has great economic, social, and nutritional importance. Genetic improvements through breeding programs for this species made available cultivars with satisfactory production in hot and humid climates. Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the inflorescence production of broccoli cultivars (Ramoso and Cabeça groups) in the hot and humid climate of Central Amazonia. In experiment 1, Ramoso group cultivars were evaluated (Verão Ramoso Piracicaba, Ramoso Santana, Piracicaba, Piracicaba Precoce, Ramirez F1, Hanabi, Piracicaba Precoce Verão, and Hanapon ). In experiment 2, Cabeça group cultivars were evaluated (Green Storm, Strong, TPX-00925, Salinas F1, Bibou, Domador, Burney, and BRO 68 ). A randomized block experimental design was used, with eight treatments consisted of cultivars, and four replications for each experiment. Quantitative variables were evaluated, including inflorescence fresh and dry weights; and the qualitative variables evaluated showed the occurrence of undesirable characteristics in the inflorescences. Significant differences were found within the Ramoso group cultivars and within the Cabeça group cultivars evaluated. The broccoli cultivars that showed the best inflorescence production in the humid, hot climate of Central Amazonia were Verão Ramoso Piracicaba, Piracicaba Precoce Verão, Ramoso Santana, and Piracicaba Precoce of the Ramoso group; and Green Storm and Burney of the Cabeça group.
PERIODICITY OF EXPOSURE OF HYDROPONIC LETTUCE PLANTS TO NUTRIENT SOLUTION1
Authors: DALASTRA CLEITON , TEIXEIRA FILHO MARCELO CARVALHO MINHOTO , VARGAS PABLO FORLAN
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT A balanced periodicity of the nutrient solution flow is essential for better agronomic performances and low production costs in hydroponic systems. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of periodicity of exposure of lettuce plants to the nutrient solution in an NFT hydroponic system on the production, nutrition, and profitability of this crop. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with five replications. The treatments consisted of four periodicities of exposure of lettuce plants to the nutrient solution, consisting of intervals of 60, 30, and 15 minutes between pumping periods of 15 minutes; and uninterrupted flow of the nutrient solution. The plants were harvested at 30 days after transplanting, and 15 lettuce plants of each experimental plot were used to determine total fresh weight; root fresh weight; shoot freshweight; and contents of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, B, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn in shoots, roots, and in the diagnostic leaf; accumulation of these nutrients in shoots and roots; and nitrate and ammonium contents in plant shoot. The highest production and profitability of lettuce were found using uninterrupted nutrient solution flow, which provided higher shoot and root nutrient contents to plants, and resulted in a better nutrient use efficiency.
GROWTH ENVIRONMENT AND POT VOLUME AFFECT BIOMASS AND ESSENTIAL OIL PRODUCTION OF BASIL1
Authors: GUERRA ANTONIA MIRIAN NOGUEIRA DE MOURA , SILVA MARIA GABRIELA MAGALHÃES , EVANGELISTA RÉGILA SANTOS
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of pot volume and growth environment on the productions of biomass and essential oil of basil plants (Ocimum basilicum L.). A completely randomized experimental design was used, with five replications, in a 6×2 factorial arrangement consisting of 6 growth environments (full sun; 50% black shade screen; 50% silver shade screen; 50% red shade screen; 35% green shade screen; 150 µm low density polyethylene film - LDPE) and two pot volumes (3.5 L and 5.0 L). The plants were cut and evaluated for variables related to growth, root system, and extraction of essential oil. The growth environments and pot volumes affected the production of biomass and essential oil of the basil plants evaluated. Plants grown under red and silver shade screens had 36.03% and 31.31% higher plant height than those grown at full sun, respectively. Basil plants grown in 5.0-liter pots under black shade screen produced higher essential oil contents. The biomass production of basil plants grown in 5.0-liter pots was affected by the red and green shade screens and LDPE film. The growth of basil plants in 5.0-liter pots under 50% black shade screen is recommended when the crop is intended for essential oil extraction; and their growth in 5.0-liter pots under red shade screen, green shade screen, or LDPE film is recommended when the crop is intended for fresh biomass production.
IMPACT OF DIFFERENT REVEGETATION TECHNIQUES ON SOIL AND PLANT ATTRIBUTES IN A RIPARIAN ZONE1
Authors: NOVAIS JOÃO MARCOS PEREIRA , RAMOS FABRÍCIO TOMAZ , DORES ELIANA FREIRE GASPAR DE CARVALHO , MAIA JOÃO CARLOS DE SOUZA
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT In 2014, the Upper Paraguay River Basin (UPB) plateau in Brazil maintained only 39.5% of its native vegetation cover, most of which was located in riparian zones that were generally degraded, in legal reserve areas, or in regions without agricultural potential. Due to the lack of practical results in the region, so that farmers could base their projects for the recovery of degraded areas, this work was designed to determine the long-term result of three revegetation techniques and their contributions to soil attributes and vegetative parameters, in the riparian zone of a watershed in the municipality of Campo Verde, located in the UPB. It was found that in only seven years, the technique of distributing a mixture of seeds rich in nitrogen-fixing plant species with washed sand and composted cotton tow, followed by incorporation with light harrowing, favored a rapid establishment of native plants. In this case, the number of species and the floristic diversity was the closest to those of the Tropical Cerrado, i.e., the control. In this technique, Brachiaria brizantha was not dominant , and the mean of total organic carbon storage in the soil (TOCS) was significantly lower, thereby indicating that riparian zones with higher TOCS do not necessarily have greater plant diversity. Therefore, the competition caused by B. brizantha can affect ecological diversity in areas undergoing ecological succession.
PALYNOLOGICAL ORIGIN, PHENOLIC CONTENT AND ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES OF GEOPROPOLIS COLLECTED BY MANDAÇAIA (MELIPONA MANDACAIA) STINGLESS
Authors: SILVA PAULO RICARDO DA , SILVA TELMA MARIA GUEDES DA , CAMARA CELSO AMORIM , SILVA EVA MÔNICA SARMENTO DA , SANTOS FRANCISCO DE ASSIS RIBEIRO DOS , SILVA TANIA MARIA SARMENTO
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT The stingless bee Melipona mandacaia (Smith 1863) (mandaçaia) is found only in the region of Caatinga, Northeastern Brazil, in the states of Bahia and Pernambuco, near to São Francisco river. The aim of the present work was to determine the botanical origin and to evaluate the phenolic content and antioxidant properties (β-carotene/linoleic acid system, DPPH and ABTS scavenging) of mandaçaia geopropolis. 25 pollen types from 15 families were identified from the 9 geopropolis samples analyzed. Phenolic compounds content varied between all the geopropolis EtOH extracts, hexane, EtOAc and MeOH:H2O fractions. The main pollens found in the geopropolis samples were from the Leguminoseae family. This identification of meliponicultural plants is extremely important because it indicates the food sources used for the collection of nectar and pollen. Our results revealed that there is a strong relation between the phenolic compounds and the antioxidant activity. These results showed that total phenols of mandaçaia geopropolis may be responsible for the antioxidant activity with evidence that it's a rich source of phenols bioactive compounds with potential health benefits.
NITRATE ACCUMULATION IN LETTUCE AND ROCKET IN RESPONSE TO NITROGEN FERTILIZATION IN INTERCROPPING
Authors: BARROS JÚNIOR AURÉLIO PAES , CECÍLIO FILHO ARTHUR BERNARDES , REZENDE BRÁULIO LUCIANO ALVES , LINS HAMURÁBI ANIZIO
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT In the cultivation of leafy vegetables, it is common to apply high amounts of nitrogen fertilizer. The imbalance between the absorption and the use of nitrogen (N) by the plant increases the nitrate content and decreases the quality of the vegetables because nitrate has a strong association with compounds harmful to human health. On the other hand, there is a lack of information on how N dose in intercropping, in order to improve yield, affects the quality (nitrate content) of vegetables. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the nitrate content of intercropped lettuce and rocket, with nitrate content acting as a function of the nitrogen dose applied to these crops. The experiment was carried out at UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, from September to December 2006. The experimental design was a complete randomized block design with four replications. The treatments were arranged in a 4 × 4 + 2 factorial scheme, with four varying concentrations of N each for lettuce and rocket (0, 65, 130 and 195 kg ha-1 of N), plus two treatments corresponding to lettuce and rocket monocrops. Nitrate content in lettuce under intercropping is 42% less compared to that in the monocrop. Increasing nitrogen concentrations increased nitrate levels for lettuce and rocket under intercropping; however, these levels are below those found for their respective monocrops.
"MACHADO DE ASSIS, HOMEM DE AÇÃO", "A HUMANIDADE DE MACHADO DE ASSIS" E "MACHADO DE ASSIS VIVIA AS INQUIETAÇÕES DE SUA ÉPOCA"
Authors: ATHAYDE AUSTREGÉSILO DE , DIEGO MARCELO
Published: March 2020

Resumo Reproduzem-se aqui três textos curtos de Austregésilo de Athayde sobre Machado de Assis, publicados originalmente na imprensa. Em "Machado de Assis, homem de ação", de 1939, o crítico interroga-se sobre a possibilidade de o escritor servir de modelo à juventude; em " A humanidade de Machado de Assis", de 1955, ele toma como ponto de partida para suas reflexões o livro Machado de Assis desconhecido, de Magalhães Júnior; e na entrevista "Machado de Assis vivia as inquietações de sua época", de 1958, observa a centralidade do Bruxo do Cosme Velho no sistema literário brasileiro.
CRITÉRIOS BIBLIOGRÁFICOS PARA ATRIBUIÇÃO DE TEXTOS A MACHADO DE ASSIS: ANÁLISE DO ENSAIO “A IMPRENSA NA ATUALIDADE” (1860)
Authors: MARTINS ALEX LARA
Published: March 2020

Resumo Discutem-se as condições editoriais e os critérios de seleção para atribuição de autoria a peças de Machado de Assis. Ao mesmo tempo, apresentam-se razões para se atribuir a Machado de Assis a autoria do ensaio “A imprensa na atualidade”, publicado no Diário do Rio de Janeiro, em 27 de março de 1860. As razões são de ordem biográfica, estilística e comparativa. A crer nas justificativas apresentadas como critérios editoriais de seleção, esta seria a primeira contribuição de Machado para o Diário. O autor recupera e desenvolve teses de alguns artigos publicados anteriormente, sobretudo “O jornal e o livro” e “A reforma pelo jornal”.
ENTREVISTA COM JOHN GLEDSON
Authors: GUIMARÃES HÉLIO DE SEIXAS
Published: March 2020

Resumo O professor, crítico e tradutor John Gledson trata nesta entrevista do trabalho de edição das crônicas de Machado de Assis, que já se estende por mais de três décadas, indicando especificidades do tratamento dos textos desse gênero praticado pelo escritor desde a juventude até os anos finais de sua vida.
Early Hospital Readmission (EHR) in kidney transplantation: a review article
Authors: Tavares Melissa Gaspar , Tedesco-Silva Junior Helio , Pestana Jose Osmar Medina
Published: March 2020

Abstract Early hospital readmission (EHR), defined as all readmissions within 30 days of initial hospital discharge, is a health care quality measure. It is influenced by the demographic characteristics of the population at risk, the multidisciplinary approach for hospital discharge, the access, coverage, and comprehensiveness of the health care system, and reimbursement policies. EHR is associated with higher morbidity, mortality, and increased health care costs. Monitoring EHR enables the identification of hospital and outpatient healthcare weaknesses and the implementation of corrective interventions. Among kidney transplant recipients in the USA, EHR ranges between 18 and 47%, and is associated with one-year increased mortality and graft loss. One study in Brazil showed an incidence of 19.8% of EHR. The main causes of readmission were infections and surgical and metabolic complications. Strategies to reduce early hospital readmission are therefore essential and should consider the local factors, including socio-economic conditions, epidemiology and endemic diseases, and mobility.
Influenza A (H1N1): outbreak management in a dialysis unit and clinical outcomes of infection in chronic hemodialysis patients
Authors: Ventura Carlucci Gualberto , Roque Felício Lopes , Sousa Itanilton Queiroz de , Lobo Renata Desordi , Luders Claudio
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT Introduction: Chronic hemodialysis (HD) patients are considered to be at high risk for infection. Here, we describe the clinical outcomes of chronic HD patients with influenza A (H1N1) infection and the strategies adopted to control an outbreak of influenza A in a dialysis unit. Methods: Among a total of 62 chronic HD patients, H1N1 infection was identified in 12 (19.4%). Of the 32 staff members, four (12.5%) were found to be infected with the H1N1 virus. Outcomes included symptoms at presentation, comorbidities, occurrence of hypoxemia, hospital admission, and clinical evaluation. Infection was confirmed by real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Results: The 12 patients who had H1N1 infection did not differ significantly from the other 50 non-infected patients with respect to age, sex, dialysis vintage, dialysis modality, or proportion of comorbidities. Obesity was higher in the H1N1-infected group (41.5 vs. 4%, p<0.002). The most common symptoms were fever (92%), cough (92%), and rhinorrhea (83%). Early empirical antiviral treatment with oseltamivir was started in symptomatic patients and infection control measures, including the intensification of contact-reduction measures by the staff members, antiviral chemoprophylaxis to asymptomatic patients undergoing HD in the same shift of infected patients, and dismiss of staff members suspected of being infected, were implemented to control the spread of infection in the dialysis unit. Conclusion: The clinical course of infection with H1N1 in our patients was favorable. None of the patients developed severe disease and the strategies adopted to control the outbreak were successful.
Habilitação econômica, gênero e mudança jurídica
Authors: Paniago Marcela Sousa , Ferreira Hugo Luís Pena
Published: March 2020

Resumo A habilitação econômica para o consumo se correlaciona a mudanças jurídicas no reconhecimento de direitos ligados à igualdade de gênero no Brasil. O presente estudo parte de categorias afetas às relações entre capitalismo, gênero e mudanças jurídicas para pensar transformações em direitos das mulheres e direitos LGBT no Brasil, com ênfase para a relação entre empoderamento econômico e a reversão de hierarquias sociais arbitrárias herdadas.
Práticas insolentes: Práticas sexuais desviantes e potência jurídico-política
Authors: Fonseca Angela Couto Machado , Gazotto Gustavo Martinelli Tanganelli
Published: March 2020

Resumo O presente artigo tem o objetivo inicial de identificar como práticas sexuais marginais podem mostrar o direito como um campo no qual a relação entre normalização/controle e busca por direitos não é contraditória. Para tanto, usamos de dois procedimentos. Um primeiro de análise conceitual e outro de uso de casos concretos como exemplos para a percepção da análise conceitual realizada. Na análise conceitual adotamos a compreensão de que normalização em Michel Foucault não é controle sobre sujeitos dados, mas a própria produção normativa da subjetividade. Formulamos que a busca por direitos pode ser compreendida como prática de resistência diante de critérios normativos de certas subjetividades, o que permitiria a ressignificação normativa. Entre normalização e luta por direitos, assim, haveria um circuito. No que se refere aos casos utilizados, a pretensão era a de mostrar que o ideal de completude no direito, quando falha, não trata de anomia em relação a determinadas sexualidades, mas da percepção que tais sexualidades são constituídas no exterior da normalidade normativamente desenhada. Diante dessa não previsibilidade, a busca por direitos, mais que provocar resposta, provoca também um deslocamento da normalidade sexual pressuposta pelas subjetividades normativas existentes para o direito. Assim, as práticas sexuais fabricadas como marginais, encontram nos próprios termos dessa construção normativa a potência de sua resistência e redesenho, tendo como espaço importante de resistência e ressignificação o direito.
La construction du “droit à la vérité” en droit international By Patricia Naftali. Bruxelles: Éditions Bruylant, 2017. 550 pp.
Authors: Osmo Carla
Published: March 2020

Resumo O livro analisa a emergência do direito à verdade sobre violações graves de direitos humanos no Direito Internacional dos Direitos Humanos, com foco nas diferentes mobilizações e estratégias que levaram ao seu reconhecimento. A partir de uma cartografia dos agentes que promoveram a criação desse novo direito subjetivo, suas demandas e formas de ação ao longo do tempo, argumenta que a diversidade de causas e as tensões entre elas contribuem para explicar a pluralidade de representações que o direito à verdade adquiriu.
Reificação da experiência na cidade inteligente: notas para uma crítica da economia política do espaço urbano
Authors: Massonetto Luís Fernando , Bachur João Paulo , Carvalho Eduardo de Moraes
Published: March 2020

Resumo O presente artigo tem como objetivo investigar os modos pelos quais o desenvolvimento das cidades contemporâneas, no contexto da produção capitalista do espaço, implica a reificação da experiência subjetiva. A investigação consiste na crítica da economia política das cidades inteligentes, com o horizonte da proposição de estratégias políticas de reapropriação coletiva da experiência alienada.
Do direito à cidade ao comum urbano: contribuições para uma abordagem lefebvriana
Authors: Tonucci Filho João Bosco Moura
Published: March 2020

Resumo As abordagens disponíveis sobre o comum urbano apenas localizam o comum na cidade, sem, entretanto, discutirem o que há de especificamente urbano no comum. Além disso, não articulam a dimensão dos recursos comuns existentes na cidade com a ideia da própria cidade como comum, como formulado pelos movimentos que lutam pelo direito à cidade. Para fazer frente aos desafios teóricos de se conceber o comum em sua dimensão urbana, ensaio aqui uma elaboração ancorada no pensamento de Henri Lefebvre. Argumento que o comum urbano é produzido no âmbito da vida cotidiana através de práticas de fazer-comum baseados no uso, apropriação e autogestão da cidade como obra coletiva. Dessa forma, o urbano, caracterizado pelo seu caráter de centralidade, mediação e diferença, e acrescido da promessa emancipatória da cidade, passa a ser entendido como espaço contraditório de cercamento e produção do comum. De modo mais amplo, concluo que a própria produção do espaço, tornada central no mundo contemporâneo à reprodução das relações sociais capitalistas, implica cada vez mais a disputa pela apropriação do próprio espaço (urbano) como comum, e as lutas pelo direito à cidade como lutas pela cidade como comum.
Physiological response of soybean seeds to spray volumes of industrial chemical treatment and storage in different environments
Authors: Abati Julia , Brzezinski Cristian Rafael , Bertuzzi Elieges Carina , Henning Fernando Augusto , Zucareli Claudemir
Published: March 2020

Abstract: The increase in spray volumes in industrial seed treatments may increase the deterioration and reduce the physiological potential of seeds, especially when stored in unfavorable environments. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of spray volumes obtained by the combination of different chemical products, via industrial treatment, on the physiological potential of soybean seeds during storage in different environments. A completely randomized experimental design was used in a 5 × 3 factorial arrangement, with four replications. The factors were five spray volumes (0, 600, 1200, 1800 and 2400 mL.100 kg-1 of seeds), obtained from the combination of different products in commercial use, and three storage periods (0, 60 and 120 days), evaluated separately in two environments (storage without climate control and cold storage). The following variables were evaluated: germination, first germination count, seedling emergence in sand, emergence speed index, seedling length (total, shoot, and root) and dry matter (shoot and root). The physiological potential of soybean seeds is reduced by increasing the spray volume used in the industrial treatment and by prolonging the storage period. However, this effect is mitigated by the controlled conditions of cold storage.
Digital image processing of coated perennial-soybean seeds and correlation with physiological atributes
Authors: Acha Amanda Justino , Vieira Henrique Duarte
Published: March 2020

Abstract: Perennial soybean (Neonotonia wightii) is a Fabaceae with potential to be used in consortium with Poaceae plants to improve pasture quality. In order to add value to perennial soybean seeds and improve their seed distribution, seeds coated with different materials in coating machine were characterized by digital image analysis and physical attributes related to physiological attributes in order to define the ideal amount and material to be used in the coating. Different material quantities were tested, 150 g, 200 g and 250 g, divided into layers, namely: sand, calcium silicate + sand and limestone + sand. Coating promoted maximum increments of approximately 350% in seed mass and significant increases of up to 230% in area, 154% in maximum diameter, 162% in minimum diameter, 167% in contained diameter and 152% in perimeter. The coating was also efficient in reducing the moisture of the pellets by increasing the layers that cover the seeds. The sand + limestone combination resulted in the largest pellets. The combination of sand + silicate did not interfere with plant speed and formation. Thus, it was considered the appropriate material for the coating of perennial soybean seeds.
A feminist analysis of child neglect cases from the Brazilian Superior Court of Justice
Authors: Püschel Flavia Portella
Published: March 2020

Abstract This article analyzes the opinions of judges of the Brazilian Superior Court of Justice (STJ) in child neglect cases from a feminist perspective by “asking the woman question” to identify implicit male bias in legal concepts and standards that are apparently gender neutral. Several sexist arguments can be found both in opinions against awarding damages for child neglect and in opinions in favor of it. Sexist bias is shown in the disregard of legal doctrine, as well as of the ambivalent character of family relations and their hierarchical structure. This bias is further expressed in the devaluation of women’s interests and life experiences, stereotyping, problems of logical reasoning as well as in the disregard of statutory rules. The article concludes that the STJ was unable to take into account the point of view of women and the circumstances in which child neglect actually takes place in Brazilian society today. The court developed a concept of harm that, although apparently gender neutral, is based on discriminatory reasons and has greater negative impact on women than on men.
Manifestações de violência institucional no contexto da atenção em saúde às mulheres em situação de violência sexual
Authors: Moreira Gracyelle Alves Remigio , Vieira Luiza Jane Eyre de Souza , Cavalcanti Ludmila Fontenele , Silva Raimunda Magalhães da , Feitoza Aline Rodrigues
Published: March 2020

Resumo O estudo analisou as manifestações de violência institucional na atenção em saúde às mulheres em situação de violência sexual. Pesquisa qualitativa baseada em entrevistas semiestruturas com 68 profissionais e 15 gestores atuantes em nove serviços da rede municipal de saúde em Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil. A análise foi organizada em quatro temáticas: invisibilidade da violência sexual; violência no acolhimento à mulher; limitações estruturais, de medicamentos e de insumos; e atuação frente ao aborto legal. Os resultados revelaram o não reconhecimento da violência sexual como objeto de intervenção no setor saúde e um acolhimento à mulher marcado por omissões, falta de privacidade e atitudes discriminatórias. As condições estruturais e a escassez de medicamentos e insumos foram colocadas como limitantes para o atendimento. O aborto legal envolveu conflitos culturais, gerenciais e institucionais que favoreceram a violação de direitos. Conclui-se que a violência institucional no contexto da atenção às mulheres em situação de violência sexual extrapola questões de ordem subjetiva e de formação dos profissionais de saúde. E a oferta de uma atenção integral capaz de transpor a violência institucional requer que a gestão repense a configuração dos serviços da rede de atendimento e esteja próxima dos atores envolvidos.
Princípios invocados numa política intersetorial de saúde: o caso da fluoretação da água no Brasil
Authors: Souza Neto Antonio Carlos de , Frazão Paulo
Published: March 2020

Resumo O objetivo foi identificar princípios invocados numa política intersetorial de saúde, tomando como caso uma proposta legislativa de revogação da fluoretação da água no Brasil apresentada em 2003. Realizou-se estudo descritivo por meio de pesquisa documental, na qual foram selecionados registros gerados na tramitação do Projeto de Lei nº 510/2003 na Câmara dos Deputados. Buscou-se destacar estratégias discursivas utilizadas pelos atores conforme o jogo de interesses e o contexto conflitivo, utilizando-se o institucionalismo histórico como referencial teórico. O Projeto de Lei tramitou 13 meses, passando pelo Plenário, por três comissões, e sendo arquivado. Três deputados de partidos distintos, órgãos do Poder Executivo federal, agências reguladoras e entidades representativas da categoria odontológica, da saúde pública/coletiva, da engenharia sanitária e das empresas de saneamento participaram diretamente do debate em que emergiram os princípios da segurança da intervenção, dos custos econômicos e do direito à saúde. Em relação às estratégias discursivas utilizadas, os principais elementos invocados no debate da política intersetorial de saúde foram o princípio da incerteza, criando-se falsas categorias científicas a fim de sobrevalorizar os efeitos desfavoráveis e sustentar a implementação de medidas individualizantes; e os princípios morais que definem diferentes tipos de bens econômicos e dimensões de liberdade associadas ao exercício de direitos.
A seca de 1877-1879 no Império do Brasil: dos ensinamentos do senador Pompeu aos de André Rebouças: trabalhadores e mercado
Authors: Secreto María Verónica
Published: March 2020

Resumo Na década de 1870, o Império do Brasil sancionou a Lei do Ventre Livre (1871) e impulsionou um conjunto de reformas modernizadoras. Em meio à crise do escravismo e no contexto da seca de 1877-1879, proprietários de terra e de escravos, ministros, presidentes de província e representantes do saber técnico teciam planos para o aproveitamento do “trabalho livre” dos retirantes, enquanto estes mostravam uma clara orientação pela economia camponesa. Ainda no primeiro ano de seca, o engenheiro e abolicionista André Rebouças escreveu e publicou um conjunto de artigos comparando a seca do Ceará com a da Índia britânica, buscando nesta última modelo de administração a ser seguido no Brasil.
Hiperbólicos italianos: as viagens dos integrantes da Escola Positiva de Antropologia da Itália pela América meridional, 1907-1910
Authors: Sansone Livio
Published: March 2020

Resumo Com base em pesquisa realizada na Itália, no Brasil, na Argentina e nos EUA, proponho reconstruir, ainda de forma preliminar, o momento, o clima político e o debate suscitado na Argentina e no Brasil pela visita de Guglielmo Ferrero e sua esposa, Gina Lombroso Ferrero, em 1907, e as duas viagens do jurista e sociólogo da criminalidade Enrico Ferri em 1908 e 1910. Esses três intelectuais italianos associados à Escola Positiva de Criminologia de Turim, liderada pelo médico e antropólogo físico Cesare Lombroso, visitam o Brasil, a Argentina, o Uruguai e o Chile, a convite, entre outros, da Academia Brasileira de Letras e do periódico argentino La Nación.
Tirando o máximo partido da educação privada: construção de laços e significados em uma escola de elite em Portugal
Authors: Macedo Eunice , Araújo Helena C.
Published: March 2020

Resumo Este artigo parte da sociologia da educação para documentar e teorizar dimensões sociais, culturais e políticas da educação de jovens adultos da elite econômica em uma escola privada, que foi criada em reação à educação em massa e como forma de garantir às elites a distinção anteriormente fornecida pelo acesso em exclusivo à educação pública. O artigo traz à colação contextos e consequências associadas à ascensão da privatização, com base em uma incursão etnográfica durante mais de dez anos em uma escola privada no Norte de Portugal, complementada por grupos focais com jovens adultos no ensino secundário. Destacam-se as formas como esse grupo de elite econômica constrói os seus laços sociais e significados no interior da escola. Admite-se que a educação privada molda e reforça o status das elites econômicas. Entretanto, tensões entre desigualdade e privilégio podem surgir no decurso desse processo. Argumentamos que se há uma ação individual na interpretação e construção da realidade social, essa escola tem um impacto especial nos estudantes, como membros da elite global. Por meio desse contexto educacional, que muitas vezes reforça as expectativas de status e de mobilidade ascendente das famílias, através da educação, esses alunos são seduzidos pelo (poder do) consumo e a maioria deles quer participar do mercado de trabalho e na concorrência nacional e internacional.
In Reply
Authors: Bilen Mehmet Asim , Master Viraj A. , Harvey R. Donald
Published: March 2020

Bilen et al. respond to the letter by Köstek and Demir, agreeing that a deeper understanding of new biomarkers to evaluate immunotherapy outcome is necessary.
Birds’ nest inspires design of thermally efficient bricks printed from plastic waste
Authors: Kandan Karthikeyan
Published: March 2020

Thermally efficient bricks inspired by weaver birds’ nests have been three-dimensionally printed from upcycled waste plastic. With ten times better insulation than clay bricks, Karthikeyan Kandan of De Montfort University in the UK says they offer big environmental and economic benefits.
Civil engineers migrating to the cloud for engineering design simulations
Authors: Slagter Wim
Published: March 2020

Cloud computing offers civil engineers virtually unlimited on-demand computing power for design simulations, but the majority have yet to take the plunge. Wim Slagter at Ansys explains why and how this is likely to change in the next few years.
Research on intelligent control of an agricultural greenhouse based on fuzzy PID control
Authors: Cheng Yanhui
Published: March 2020

With the development of agricultural science and technology in China, the number of greenhouses is increasing rapidly, but the control of greenhouse temperature, the most critical factor in the greenhouse environment, can no longer meet the requirements of the management and operation of agricultural greenhouse by manpower. Therefore, the perfect combination of greenhouse control and intelligent technology has become an urgent demand in the field of agricultural greenhouses. Research on the combination of greenhouse control and intelligent technology will help save human and financial resources and achieve the objectives of more efficient and stable control. Finally, it can guarantee an increase in crop yield and the profit of greenhouse operators. In this study, the temperature control of an agricultural greenhouse based on fuzzy proportion, integration and differentiation (PID) was taken as the research subject and a greenhouse temperature model was constructed by mathematical expression. Finally, simulation effect charts under simple fuzzy control and PID control were obtained, and the results were compared. Finally, it is concluded that fuzzy PID temperature control has the advantages of short response time and stable temperature-control effect, which is the optimal intelligent control mode of an agricultural greenhouse.
Relating elastic and plastic fabric anisotropy of clays
Authors: Amorosi Angelo , Rollo Fabio , Dafalias Yannis F.
Published: March 2020

A relationship between elastic anisotropy, as typically observed in clayey soils subjected to shear wave propagation tests, and plastic anisotropy, detected at yielding and leading to rotated yield loci, is proposed. Such a relationship is expected because both elastic and plastic anisotropies can be ascribed to the same directional ingredients that characterise the fabric of the soil at the microscale. The relationship takes the form of an analytical relation between an elastic and a plastic fabric tensor, the former entering a hyperelasticity theory while the latter is the rotational hardening variable of a clay plasticity theory. The elastic anisotropy can be measured experimentally by wave propagation along orthogonal planes, identifying the ratio of the corresponding elastic shear moduli while a sample is compressed at fixed stress ratio, and paired with plastic anisotropy obtained by the integration of its plastic fabric tensor evolution equation during the foregoing compression. Such experiments were available and used to calibrate and validate the proposed elastic–plastic anisotropy relationship. The findings have a two-way beneficial effect for the solution of a geotechnical boundary value problem, where one can easily measure initial elastic clay anisotropy in the field, which can be used to initialise the plastic anisotropy for the subsequent analysis of the problem, while the evolving plastic anisotropy can be used to update the elastic fabric tensor during deformation.
H. pylori infection and antral nodular gastritis in children
Authors: URGANCI Nafiye , KALYONCU Derya , YILMAZ ÖZGÜVEN Banu
Published: March 2020

Objectives: The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of antral nodularity and establish its association with Helicobacter pylori infection in children.
Methods: A total of 358 children (mean age: 10.35±3.15 years, M/F:0.95) who had upper gastrointestinal endoscopy were evaluated retrospectively in terms of clinical, endoscopic and histological findings. The association between antral nodularity and H. pylori infection was determined.
Results: Antral nodularity was observed in 158 (44.1%) patients. H. pylori was detected in 138 (83.4%) of those patients with antral nodularity. Infected children with H. pylori compared to non-infected group were older (p= 0.0001). The antral nodularity was observed significantly higher in H. pylori-positive patients than in H. pylori-negative cases (p=0.0001). The sensitivity was 52%, specificity 78%, positive predictive value 87% and negative predictive value was 37%.
Lymphoid follicle and aggregates formation was observed higher in patients with antral nodularity than patients without (p=0.0001 and p=0.017, respectively). Statistically significant difference was observed between antral nodularity and the grades of H.pylori density (p=0.0001).
Conclusions: Children with antral nodularity were more likely to have H. pylori gastritis compared to children without. The parameters associated significantly with antral nodularity were older age, H. pylori infection and H. pylori density.
Religious Offence and Human Rights: The Implications of Defamations of Religions
Authors: Naeema Gabru
Published: March 2020

This contribution is a review of a book on actions which may offend religious feelings even if it was not the intention of the offender to do so. This book illustrates how, drawings (amongst others) on the face of it, may be construed to be a mere exercise of the right to freedom of expression or free speech in a democratic society. This is regardless of the content of the drawing which, to other societies, may constitute an offence.
STRIPE-seq library construction v3
Authors: Policastro Robert , Zentner Gabe
Published: March 2020

Accurate mapping of transcription start sites (TSSs) is key for understanding transcriptional regulation; however, current protocols for genome-wide TSS profiling are laborious and expensive. We present Survey of TRanscription Initiation at Promoter Elements with high-throughput sequencing (STRIPE-seq), a simple, rapid, and cost-effective protocol for sequencing capped RNA 5’ ends from as little as 50 ng total RNA. Including depletion of uncapped RNA and bead cleanups, a STRIPE-seq library can be constructed in approximately 5 hours.
HUKUK VE İKTİSAT YAKLAŞIMINDAN KURUMSAL İKTİSAT VE ANAYASAL İKTİSAT: FARKLILIKLAR VE BENZERLİKLER ÜZERİNE BİR İNCELEME
Authors: Yay Serdar
Published: March 2020

Kurallar ve kurumlar, toplumsal düzenin tesisi ve devamı açısından büyük önem arz etmektedir. Bu nedenle tarihsel süreç içerisinde çeşitli iktisat disiplinlerinin kurallar ve kurumlara ilgi duydukları görülmektedir. Bu disiplinlerin başında iktisadın merkezine kurallar ve kurumları yerleştiren, çağımızda belki de geçmişten günü-müze bütün iktisat disiplenleri içerisinde en büyük ilgiyi gören iktisat disiplini olan ve çatısı altında birbirinden önemli muhtelif yaklaşımları barındıran "kurumsal iktisat (institutional economics)" ve anayasal kurallar yoluyla siyasi iktidarın güç ve yetkilerini kötüye kullanmasının önüne geçmeyi hedefleyen ve yine anayasalar aracılığıyla toplumsal düzeni de sağlamayı amaçlayan "anayasal iktisat (constitutional economics)" gelmektedir.

Bu giriş niteliğindeki çalışmada kurallar ve kurumlar perspektifini benimseyen, "hukuk ve iktisat (law and economics)" yaklaşımı içerisinde şekillenen kurumsal iktisat ve anayasal iktisat disiplinlerinin kurallar ve ku-rumlar üzerine görüşleri hukuk ve iktisat yaklaşımı temelinde özetlenecek, her iki disiplinin de hukuk ve iktisat yaklaşımına sağladığı katkılar değerlendirilecek, son olarak da farklı ve benzer yönleri üzerinden karşılaştırmalı bir analiz yapılacaktır.
Correlation of coagulation markers with axillary lymph node metastasis in breast malignancy: a tertiary care centre study in North India
Authors: Srivastava Vaibhav , Rai Nandan , Ahmad Shabi , Singh Vikram , Kumar Shirish
Published: March 2020

Background: Breast cancer is the most common female cancer worldwide representing nearly a quarter (25%) of all cancers. Search for a marker which can predict lymph node metastasis in clinically negative axilla has been a matter of research for long. The present study is an attempt to evaluate role of coagulation makers with special reference to D-dimer and factor 7 and 8 in patients of carcinoma breast in predicting lymph node metastasis in carcinoma patients.Methods: The study was a prospective study conducted in 50 diagnosed patients of carcinoma breast in whom D dimer levels and factor 7 and 8 levels were measured at the time of commencement of the treatment and at six weeks after surgery.Results: Most of the patients in the study group were in the age group 41-70 (80%) years. 22% patients were of early Breast cancer. The reduction in D-dimer, factor VII and factor VIII value after 6 weeks of surgery were significant (p value 0.0001 for all three).Conclusions: D-dimer and factor VII were found to be an independent predictive factor for lymph node metastatsis, thus providing as a safe, easy, objective and convenient supplement to sentinel node biopsy in assessing metastatic disease in axilla. Combined- with other biomarkers, it may prove to be an alternative to sentinel node biopsy in assessing metastatic disease in axilla. Significant postoperative decrease in D-dimer, factor VII and factor VIII may provide objective criteria to assess completion of surgery.
A clinical study of various presentations of intestinal tuberculosis, evaluation, management and its complications
Authors: Basa Maruti , Prakash Karnati
Published: March 2020

Background: Abdominal tuberculosis includes tuberculous infection of gastrointestinal tract, mesentery, lymph nodes and omentum, peritoneum and solid organs like liver and spleen. The initial clinical presentations are nonspecific and no single laboratory investigation is pathognomonic. Bacterial culture and tissue histopathology though confirmatory are time consuming, and immunological tests though rewarding is expensive. Moreover, abdominal tuberculosis with an acute abdomen presents as an enormous challenge to the surgeon.Methods: This one-year prospective observational study of 25 patients who presented with intestinal tuberculosis at the Department of General Surgery, NIMRA Medical College from February 2019 to January 2020. The causes of intestinal tuberculosis were determined along with clinical profile and were monitored for outcome based on the morbidity and mortality.Results: Among the 25 patients, all had intestinal tuberculosis on the basis of operative findings and histopatholoigcal reports. Age of the patients ranged between 9 to 70 years; majority (75%) were in the age group of 20 to 40 years. Female to male ratio was 1.7:1. The commonest operative findings were hyperplastic ileocaecal tuberculosis (16%), followed by strictures (20%), and perforations (24%). The overall mortality was 8% due to sepsis and septic shock.Conclusions: Intestinal tuberculosis is a common problem presenting to general surgical units in the developing countries, often in an acute form. A high index of suspicion, proper evaluation and therapeutic trial in suspected patients is essential for an early diagnosis, in order to minimize complications.
Surgical management and post-operative complications in abdominal tuberculosis patients
Authors: Kumar Mahendra
Published: March 2020

Background: Abdominal tuberculosis is a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge in resource limited countries. The vague clinical presentation is a barrier to early diagnosis. Aim of the study was to highlight the role of operative procedures and post-operative complications in patients suffering from abdominal tuberculosis.Methods: This is a descriptive study of abdominal tuberculosis cases, which were operated in the Department of Surgery, Lal Lajpath Rai hospital Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India, and associated hospitals. Informed and written consent was obtained from each patient prior to commencement of the study. Detailed data of each patient was entered on a Microsoft excel. Data were presented in number and percentages.Results: Most of the patient’s lumps were present in right ileac fosa, 70.37% followed by lymph node mass. Rolled omentum and appendicular showed minimum percentage of cases. In operative finding on exploratory laparotomy, the most common site of involvement was ileocaecal, and less commonly involved site in abdomen tuberculosis are duodenum and appendix. Surgical procedures, intestinal resection in the form of right hemicolectomy (21 cases), small bowel resection (58 cases). Appendicectomies were done only in 3 cases. Post-operative complications were found in 64 cases. Most of the complication developed in patients those were operated in emergency.Conclusions: Most of the surgeons were preferred conservative surgery rather than extensive resection of the active lesion. Commonest post-operative complication was broncho pulmonary complication.