bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The arrival, establishment and spread of a highly virulent Edwardsiella ictaluri strain in farmed tilapia, Oreochromis spp.
Authors: Nhinh Doan Thi , Giang Nguyen Thi Huong , Van Kim Van , Dang Lua Thi , Dong Ha Thanh , Hoai Truong Dinh
Published: January 2024

Edwardsiella ictaluri is an emerging bacterial pathogen affecting
farmed tilapia ( Oreochromis spp.). This study reports the
arrival, establishment and widespread of E. ictaluri in farmed
tilapia in Vietnam. Among 26 disease outbreaks from 9 provinces in
Northern Vietnam during 2019-2021, 19 outbreaks originated from imported
stocked seeds while outbreaks in 7 farms were from domestic sources.
Clinically sick fish showed appearance of numerous white spots in
visceral organs, and accumulative mortalities reached 30-65%.
Twenty-six representative bacterial isolates recovered from 26 disease
outbreaks were then identified as E. ictaluri based on a
combination of phenotypic tests, genus- and species-specific PCR assays,
16S rRNA and gyrB sequencing and phylogenetic analysis.
All isolates harbored the same virulence gene profile esrC, evpC, ureA-C, eseI,
escD and virD4.
Antimicrobial susceptibility tests revealed 80.8-100% isolates were
multidrug-resistant, with resistance to 4-8 antimicrobials in the groups
of penicillin, macrolide, sulfonamide, amphenicols, and glycopeptide.
Experimental challenge successfully induced disease that mimicked
natural infection. The median lethal dose (LD ) of the
tested isolates (n = 4) were 42 to 61 CFU/fish, indicating their
extremely high virulence. This emerging pathogen has already been
established and spread to various geographical locations and causing
serious impact to farmed tilapia in Northern Vietnam. It is likely that
this pathogen will continue to occur through possibly contaminated
stocks (both imported and domestic sources) and persist spreading. Thus,
increased awareness combined with biosecurity measures and emergent
vaccination programs are essential to mitigate the negative impact of
this emerging disease on the tilapia farming industry.
The origin and molecular characterization of the BEF virus causing the small-scale epidemic in Western Turkey
Authors: PEKMEZ Kemal , KAPLAN Murat , ÇAĞIRGAN Abdurrahman Anıl , ARSLAN Fatih
Published: January 2024

Bovine ephemeral fever (BEF) disease caused by bovine ephemeral fever
virus (BEFV), also known as three-day fever or three-day disease, is an
arthropod-borne viral disease of buffalo and domestic cattle. In
November 2020, the first possible outbreaks of BEF were reported from
two different locations of the Aegean region in Turkey. This study
identified the causative agent through molecular characterization as
BEFV and subsequently performed sequencing of the viral glycoprotein (G)
gene. Phylogenetic analysis of the G-gene region classified the newly
described BEFVs within the Middle East lineage. Based on these
observations it is plausible that animal movements from other regions
were involved in spreading the virus to the Aegean area.
Interleukin-2: an accurate biomarker for rapid testing of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine-induced T cell immune responses in whole blood
Authors: Oliver Maria , Smith Bryan , Brackett Nicole F. , Chapman Martin
Published: January 2024

Background: T cell responses to natural SARS-CoV-2 infection may be more
robust and longer lived than antibody responses, thus preventing
re-infection. Accurate assessment of vaccine-induced T cell responses is
critical for understanding the magnitude and longevity of
vaccine-induced immunity across patient cohorts. Aims: To establish a
simple, accurate and rapid whole blood test to determine natural and
vaccine-induced SARS-CoV-2 immunity via a cytokine release assay.
Methods: Cytokine release in whole blood stimulated with peptides
specific for SARS-CoV-2 was measured in donors with PCR-confirmed
previous infection (n=29), suspected infection (n=30) or with no history
of exposure (n=69); and in donors pre- and post-vaccination (n=32).
Cytokines were measured by enzyme immunoassay and multiplex array.
Results: Cytokines interleukin-2 (IL-2) and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ)
were highly elevated in PCR-confirmed or suspected SARS-CoV-2 infected
donors at 20->2000pg/ml and 20-1000pg/ml, respectively,
compared to history negative controls (<20-90pg/ml). Receiver
operating curves showed IL-2 as the superior biomarker with AUC of 0.99
compared to IFN-γ (0.94). Following vaccination, 100% of PCR-confirmed
donors and 94% of unexposed individuals demonstrated a positive IL-2
response. Mean IL-2 levels increased ~18-fold from
12pg/ml pre-vaccination to 202pg/ml and 216pg/ml after the 1
and 2 vaccine doses,
respectively. No other cytokines were suitable biomarkers for
distinguishing SARS-CoV-2 infection or vaccination responses.
Conclusion: This rapid, whole blood-based T cell test can be utilised to
make accurate and comparable assessments of vaccine-induced T cell
immunity across multiple population cohorts, and aid decision making on
public health policies and vaccine efficacy.
Role of C-Jun N terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathway in acetaminophen hepatotoxicity
Authors: Chen WenShang , zhu jijin , Li ShiLai
Published: January 2024

Acetaminophen (APAP) is a commonly used analgesics and antipyretic
agent. The therapeutic or recommended dose of APAP is not associated
with adverse effects. However, intentional or unintentional overdose of
APAP causes acute liver injury or acute liver failure if treatment is
delayed. Currently, APAP-induced liver injury is one of the major causes
of acute liver injury in the United States and other western countries.
C-Jun N terminal kinase (JNK) implicated in stress-related signaling
pathway plays an indispensable role in the mechanism of APAP
hepatotoxicity. JNK mediates depletion of mitochondrial glutathione in
the metabolic phase and enhances oxidative stress to aggravate liver
injury. In addition, JNK plays an important role in APAP-induced
apoptosis, necrosis or other forms of cell death. Furthermore, JNK plays
a role in regulation of endogenous immune system and aseptic
inflammatory responses induced by APAP. However, JNK may promote cell
regeneration after APAP-induced cell death. The present review therefore
highlights the functions of JNK in APAP-induced liver injury.
Hyperdynamic Left Atrial Appendage May Increase the Risk of Perforation During Left Atrial Appendage Closure-- A Case Series
Authors: Filby Steven , Savona Salvatore , Dallan Luis , Garrett Zachary , Houmsse Mahmoud
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Delayed pericardial effusion following WATCHMAN FLX
implantation is not well understood. We present a case series of two
patients with hyperdynamic left atrial appendages (LAA) who developed
delayed pericardial effusions following WATCHMAN FLX™ implantation.
Methods: Successful left atrial appendage closure was performed in 2
patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation using the WATCHMAN FLX™
device. Both patients had hyperdynamic left atrial appendages noted
during their procedures. Intra-procedure course was uncomplicated.
Results: Delayed pericardial effusion occurred necessitating drainage in
both cases. Conclusion: While exact mechanisms remain unclear, sinus
rhythm and the presence of a hyperdynamic LAA may play a role.
Understanding the interaction of the appendage and the delivery system
may help to reduce the likelihood of this rare, but serious,
complication. Keywords: Atrial fibrillation; Left Atrial Appendage
Closure; Pericardial Effusion; Pericardiocentesis.
DETERMINANTS OF REPERFUSION ARRHYTHMIAS: ACTION POTENTIAL DURATION VS DISPERSION OF REPOLARIZATION
Authors: Bernikova Olesya , Durkina Alexandra , Sedova Ksenia , Azarov Jan
Published: January 2024

Introduction. The role of a border zone in arrhythmogenesis is not fully
understood. In this study we evaluated independent contributions of
action potential duration (APD) and dispersion of repolarization (DOR)
across the normal/ischemic border to the development of ventricular
tachycardia and/or fibrillation (VT/VF). Methods. Ischemia-reperfusion
episodes were induced in anesthetized rats by transient coronary
occlusion. Unipolar electrograms were recorded from ischemic and
perfused areas using a 64-lead array to obtain activation times (ATs),
repolarization times (RTs), activation-repolarization intervals (ARIs, a
surrogate for APD) and dispersion of repolarization (DOR, as a
difference between the earliest and latest RTs). Pinacidil (0.3 mg/kg)
and glibenclamide (2 mg/kg) were applied to reduce DOR and to clamp APD
at a lower and upper levels, respectively. Results. In the control
animals, APD shortened in the ischemic zone, DOR increased to 9±3 ms,
and VT/VF developed at reperfusion (6 out of 10). Pre-occlusion
application of glibenclamide prolonged APD in the ischemic and perfused
zones, decreased DOR to 5±2 ms and did not affect VT/VF development (4
out of 11). Post-occlusion infusion of pinacidil shortened APD in the
perfused zone, decreased DOR to 6±3 ms and VT/VF incidence (2 out of
11). Extrasystolic burden at reperfusion was associated with VT/VF
incidence in logistic regression analysis (β=1.182, 95%CI 1.008-1.386,
p=0.04) and was lesser (p<0.01) in the pinacidil group as
compared to the control and glibenclamide groups. Conclusion. The APDs
in the perfused zone were a superior arrhythmogenic factor in respect to
DOR in the present ischemia-reperfusion model.
Elbasvir/Grazoprevir with or without Sofosbuvir for Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection Post Solid Organ Transplantation
Authors: Ajlan Aziza , Ahmed Mohamed , Abu-Riash Tamadhor , Alkortas Delal , Al-jedai Ahmed
Published: January 2024

Background: A critical challenge in HCV therapy is managing patients who
undergo solid organ transplantation. Elbasvir/grazoprevir, a combination
of NS5A inhibitor and NS3/4A protease inhibitor, is considered a
first-line treatment for chronic HCV infection. Elbasvir/grazoprevir is
a newly approved treatment administered as a fixed-dose combination of
NS5A inhibitor and NS3/4A protease inhibitor. It has been widely
explored in patients with HCV GT 1 and 4 infections, and the combination
is recommended for HCV treatment by the American Association of the
study of liver disease. However, to date, clinical experience with
grazoprevir/elbasvir in the post-transplant setting is limited. In this
retrospective observational study, we aimed to assess the safety and
effectiveness of elbasvir and grazoprevir in a real-world, difficult to
treat, post solid organ transplant setting. Material and Methods: The
study involved evaluation of the patients with HCV infection post solid
organ transplantation and administered elbasvir/grazoprevir with/without
sofosbuvir in retrospective manner. Results: Forty-six patients were
enrolled in the study. Of those, 27 (58.69%) were men; 17 (37%) had
genotype 1 and 22 (47.8%) had genotype 4 HCV infections, and 30
(65.2%) were treatment experienced. The intention-to-treat analysis
revealed that 45 (97%) achieved SVR12 and 44 (95%) achieved SVR24. No
treatment-related adverse effects were identified. Conclusion:
elbasvir/grazoprevir is safe and effective for treating patients with
HCV infection post solid organ transplantation, which is on the most
difficult to treat population, at reduced cost in comparison to other
available direct acting antiviral.
The scaling-law flows: An attempt at scaling-law vector calculus
Authors: Yang Xiao-Jun
Published: January 2024

In this paper, the scaling-law vector calculus, which is connected
between the vector calculus and the scaling law in fractal geometry, is
addressed based on the Leibniz derivative and Stieltjes integral for the
first time. The scaling-law Gauss-Ostrogradsky-like, Stokes-like, and
Green-like theorems, and Green-like identities are considered in sense
of the scaling-law vector calculus. The scaling-law Navier-Stokes-like
equations are obtained in detail. The obtained result is as a
potentially mathematical tool proposed to develop an important way of
approaching this challenge for the scaling-law flows.
Microbial Diversity of genus Aeromonas in an urban river impacted by different pollution sources
Authors: Silva Camila Magalhães , Rocha Rafael dos Santos , Menezes Francisca Gleire Rodrigues de , Sousa Oscarina Viana de
Published: January 2024

The objective of the research is to characterize the diversity of
Aeromonas and verify the presence of ecotypes in an urban river
of Northeast of Brazil along a salinity gradiente. 140 cultivable
strains with morphological characteristics similar to Aeromonas
species were isolated. Of the total, 59 strains (42%) were confirmed by
biochemical tests, of which 28 were identified by gentotypic similarity
to species and the remainder classified as Aeromonas spp, among
them: A. hydrophila, A. cavie, A. veronii and
A. media. According to the results obtained, the phenotypic
identification key used in this work was very efficient for the
identification of the genus Aeromonas, since it confirmed all the
isolates tested as Aeromonas. Analysis of similarity among the isolated
Aeromonas strains showed the presence of 29 Aeromonas
ecotypes. However, the large number of ecotypes found suggests that the
environment, over time, has caused substantial genotypic changes in the
strains of the genus Aeromonas
Cesarean hysterectomy in placenta accreta spectrum; conservative VS adjunctive endovascular pelvic devascularization intervention: A retrospective review.
Authors: Hansahiranwadee Wirada , Chansanti Orapin , Prakobpanich Maneerat , Bumrungphuet Sommart
Published: January 2024

Objective: To compare the estimated blood loss (EBL) and surgical
outcomes between the pregnancy with placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) who
underwent cesarean hysterectomy with and without radiological
intervention. Design: Retrospective cohort study Setting: Study site in
tertiary care, university hospital in Thailand. Population: Pregnant
women with pathological proven PAS Methods: Patient who undergone
cesarean hysterectomy were defined as controls (n=21) and who undergone
cesarean hysterectomy with radiological intervention were defines as
intervention group (n=23). Main Outcome Measures: The primary outcome
was EBL. The secondary outcomes were transfusion requirement, operation
time, postoperative intensive care unit (ICU) admission, adverse
surgical outcomes, neonatal Apgar score, and hospital cost. Result:
Compared with the control group, pregnancy in the intervention group had
significantly lower EBL (3590.48 vs 1993.48 mL; p = 0.017) and total
blood component requirement (6 vs 1 units; p = 0.002) but longer
operation time (232.61 vs 166.19 min; p = 0.002) and higher hospital
cost (4,290 vs 1,844 USD; p < 0.001). Postoperative length of
stay, ICU admission, and adverse surgical outcomes were not
significantly different. Apgar score at 1-min and 5-min were not
significantly different. Conclusions: Cesarean hysterectomy with
adjunctive pelvic devascularization significantly improved surgical
outcomes in pregnancy with PAS by reducing blood loss by 44.5% and
transfusion decreased by 83.3%. The challenges included requirement for
a multidisciplinary team, especially intervention radiologists and
hybrid operating room, longer operation time, and higher hospital
expense. Funding: none Keywords: placenta accreta spectrum, radiological
intervention, cesarean hysterectomy, massive postpartum hemorrhage,
adverse surgical outcome
Physiologically based pharmacokinetic combined JAK2 occupancy modelling to simulate PK and PD of baricitinib with kidney transporter inhibitors and in patients with hepatic/renal impairment
Authors: Wang Zhongjian , Liu Wei , Li Xueyan , Chen Hongjiao , Qi Dongying , Pan Fulu , Liu Huining , Yu Shuang , Wang Guopeng , liu yang
Published: January 2024

Our aim is to build a physiologically based pharmacokinetic and JAK2
occupancy model (PBPK-JO) to simultaneously predict pharmacokinetic (PK)
and pharmacodynamic (PD) changes of baricitinib (BAR) in healthy human
when co-administration with kidney transporters OAT3 and MATE2-K
inhibitors, and in patients with hepatic and renal impairment.
Probenecid and vandetanib were selected as OAT3 and MATE2-K competitive
inhibitors, respectively. Here, we have successfully simulated PK and
JAK2 occupancy profiles in human by PBPK-JO model. Moreover, this
modelling reproduced every observed PK data, and every mean relative
deviation (MRD) were below 2. The simulation demonstrated that oral dose
of BRA should be reduced to half when co-administration with probenecid.
The prediction suggested also vandetanib was unlikely to affect PK and
PD of BAR. In simulations of hepatic and renal impairment patients, the
predictions suggested that significant changes in PK and PD of BAR
occurred. However, there was a lower fold increase in JAK2 occupancies
than in PK in patients relative to healthy individuals. In other words,
administration dose adjustment of BAR in patients with hepatic or renal
impairment should combine PK and PD changes of BAR, instead off only
considering PK alteration.
Gradient descent method for group particles based on Improved Genetic Algorithm
Authors: shan yulong , Zhao Shijun , Li Qiuhan , Zhang Ren
Published: January 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) has been a hot research topic in recent
years and the algorithm is its technical core. Many new algorithms have
been proposed to solve complex non-linear optimization problems, and
each of them has its own advantages and disadvantages. This study
improves the selection operator of Genetic Algorithm (GA) by combining
artificial selection with probabilistic selection to improve the
convergence speed and the success rate when searching for the global
optimal solution using GA. At the same time, considering that Gradient
Descent (GD) method has high convergence rate, and GA has strong global
search ability, we propose the algorithm of Gradient Descent method for
group particles (GDFGP) based on GD and improved GA. Two experiments are
carried out to verify the effectiveness of the new algorithm on
convergence rate and global search ability. The results show that the
improved GA had better convergence rate than the traditional GA. The
success rate for obtaining the global optimal solution of GDFGP is
higher than that of traditional and improved GA, especially when solving
the more complex nonlinear optimization problems.
Physiological and absorption characteristics of sweet potato in response to polyethylene microplastic
Authors: Shi Liang , Hou Yanan , Chen Zanming , Bu Yuan , Zhang Xiyang , Shen Zhenguo , Chen Yahua
Published: January 2024

Microplastics (MPs) pollution poses some serious problems in sweet
potato farms. In this study, pot experiment, liquid adsorption
experiment and fluorescence observation experiment were conducted to
explore the effects of normal and aging MPs on physicochemical
properties in soil, growth and phosphorus (P), potassium (K) absorption
in sweet potato; P and K adsorption in liquid environment; and the
distribution of normal MPs in sweet potato tissues respectively. The
results showed that 5 μm normal polyethylene (PE) MPs significantly
reduced pH and increased EC of soil compared to aging PE MPs. In
addition, normal PE MPs can also significantly improved the biomass
growth rates of sweet potato by adsorping more Olsen-P and Olsen-K in
soil, and increasing K concentration in stems compared with aging PE
MPs. Although there was no significant difference between normal and
aging PE MPs on the degree of membrane lipid peroxidation in sweet
potato leaves, the normal PE MPs made sweet potato exhibit the stronger
oxidative stress. Fluorescent PE MPs spheres just appeared in the
cortical tissues of roots and stems. Our study finds that the sweet
potato will not be harmed by a single PE MPs contamination in a short
period of time.
A case with primary cardiac paraganglioma: imaging findings
Authors: Hua Shaohua , Liu Mengmeng , Li Pengge , Zhang Yonggao , Sun Xinxin
Published: January 2024

A 67-yeary-old middle-aged woman admitted to the hospital with chief
complaints of intermittent palpitation, fatigue for more than 3 months
and bilateral lower extremity edema about 2 months. A solid mass was
discovered in the right atrium by echocardiographic examination, and
computerized tomography (CT) guided needle biopsy of the mass was
performed and revealed a neurogenic tumor, which was a paraganglioma.
She underwent surgical excision of the tumor and had uneventful recovery
at a month post-operation.
Local Adaptation Associated Phenotypic Divergence in Sympatric Weedy Rice Populations
Authors: Wang Zhi , Jiang Xiao Qi , Cai Xingxing , Lu Baorong
Published: January 2024

Temperatures and photoperiods can profoundly affect plant growth and
development, and play vital roles in the local adaptation of plant
species. Weedy rice (Oryza sativa f. spontanea) is a conspecific weed of
cultivated rice, occurring in the same rice fields (sympatry) of early
and late rice-cultivation seasons. In this study, the contrasting
patterns of air-temperature and daylength variation were identified
between the early and late seasons in Leizhou, Guangdong Province of
China, where lower air-temperatures and longer daylengths in the early
seasons were found with more stressful conditions for weedy rice growth
and development. Significant differences in plant heights, the number of
tillers per plant, flowering time, and reproductive traits were detected
between the corresponding early- and late-season weedy rice populations
of the same rice fields in the early-season common garden experiment.
The populations collected from the early season showed higher plant
heights, more tillers, and earlier flowering time than those from the
late season. However, such differences were not detected in the
late-season common garden experiment. In addition, evident local
adaptation represented by the traits such as plant heights, flowering
time, and reproductive traits were only detected in the early-season
weedy rice populations. These results suggest that the early-season
weedy rice populations may have evolved adaptive to the early seasons.
Altogether, these findings provided evidence for phenotypical divergence
between sympatric weedy rice populations, most likely resulted from the
local adaptation to the early seasons in a stressful environment,
supporting the theory of sympatric divergence in ecological speciation.
Technological, nutritional and therapeutic potential of tomato seeds and peels
Authors: KABORE Kabakdé , KONATE Kiéssoum , DAKUYO Roger , Sanou Abdoudramane , DICKO Mamoudou
Published: January 2024

Consumption of tomato products has long been associated with a decreased
risk of several chronic diseases. The problems of keeping tomatoes fresh
led to their processing. This transformation generates by-products which
constitute a pollution problem and require recovery. To reduce the
environmental pollution caused by these tomato by-products, many ways of
valorization are proposed. The objective of this study is to summarize
the work of technological, nutritional and therapeutic valorization of
tomato seeds and peels. Studies were searched in Google Scholar, PubMed,
Scopus and Web of Science published on tomato and tomato by-products.
Several documents were found, a hundred are analyzed but 84 were cited.
Thus the skins and the seeds of tomato are made up of lipid, protein,
carbohydrate and mineral elements. The seeds are rich in oil composed
mainly of unsaturated fatty acids. Vitamin C, β-carotene and tocopherols
are also found in these by-products. The skin in addition to its
diversified mineral composition, is rich in antioxidant compounds. The
major antioxidant compounds are polyphenols, flavonoids, carotenoids and
mainly lycopene. They are therefore rich in secondary metabolites and
exert significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity and are
thought to prevent cardiovascular disease and certain cancers. These
by-products can therefore be used as nutraceuticals or to fortify foods
to obtain functional foods at low cost. They can also be used as food
supplements in achieving food security. It would therefore be necessary
to assess the digestibility of its by-products and to optimize the
bioavailability of their secondary metabolites.
A niche-based approach for evaluating the mechanisms of community stability in butterflies
Authors: Evans Luke , Melero Yolanda , Schmucki Reto , Boersch-Supan Philipp , Brotons Lluis , Fontaine Colin , Jiguet Frederic , Kuussaari Mikko , Massimino Dario , Robinson Robert , Roy David , Schweiger Oliver , Settele Josef , Stefanescu Constanti , Turnhout Chris van , Oliver Tom
Published: January 2024

Species niches may impact population and community stability by
influencing average population sizes and species richness, however,
niche-based approaches are rarely applied when studying stability in
natural communities. Here we utilise a niche-based approach to link
niche characteristics to community stability in 140 European butterfly
communities. We represent niches as hyper-volumes and generate metrics
for niche overlap, mismatch, and volume. Using structural equation
modelling we then test five hypotheses linking niche and community
characteristics to mechanisms influencing community stability. We find
that the position of a site relative to the niches of the species pool
predicts species richness, and that sites with species near the centre
of their niche have higher mean abundance. We then show that niche
position and size influence population stability, and species richness
increases asynchrony which subsequently influences community stability.
Our approach demonstrates that niches metrics are useful tools for
understanding the dynamics of natural communities.
A systematic review of methods used in facial nerve reconstruction
Authors: Pinkiewicz Milosz , Dorobisz Karolina , Zatoński Tomasz
Published: January 2024

Objective: The underlying idea behind this review was to present the
most recent and well-established findings concerning methods of facial
nerve reconstruction in a comprehensive albeit concise fashion. Methods:
The Google scholar, The Medline/Pubmed and Cochrane databases have been
used to select the most relevant and influential experiences on the
reconstruction of the facial nerve. Authors searched for publications
written strictly in English. The authors considered the date of the
publication, the presented cases and the overall significance of the
paper. The references of the publications of interest were also screened
for relevant papers. Conclusions: Facial nerve reconstruction is a
highly formidable challenge, prompting reconstructive surgeons to rely
on a wide spectrum of tools ranging from microsurgery, through
peripheral nerve management to aesthetic procedures. Advances in the
field of reconstructive surgery have resulted in more ambitious goals,
as surgeons strive not only to restore function but also for a highly
aesthetic outcome. The vascularized nerve graft is recommended in cases
with a long nerve gap, inadequate soft-tissue coverage and in patients
with previous irradiation at the wound. Motor nerve grafts seem to be
superior to sensory nerve grafts. A cross-facial nerve graft (CFNG) is
recommended when a proximal nerve stump is unavailable. The gracilis
muscle is effective in the dynamic reconstruction of the oral commissure
movement. Postoperative radiotherapy does not prevent recovery of facial
function after sural nerve grafting. Individual factors and level of
proficiency with a given technique should guide reconstructive surgeons
during the selection of the method.
Germline 16p11.2 microdeletion predisposing to neuroblastoma: A Case report
Authors: Corley Elizabeth , Campbell James , Tweedle Deborah , George Sally , Hubank Michael , Chesler Louis , Pryce Jeremy , Hanson Helen , Holder-Espinasse Muriel , Hughes Debbie , Vaidya Sucheta , Angelini Paola
Published: January 2024

Familial neuroblastoma is an extremely rare entity with only 1 – 2% of
neuroblastoma cases thought to have a familial inheritance, mainly due
to PHOX2B and ALK germline mutations. 16p11.2 microdeletion syndrome has
been reported to be associated with neuroblastoma. We present the first
case report of a patient presenting with metastatic neuroblastoma,
developmental delay, and atypical facies, in whom we identified an
inherited germline 16p11.2 microdeletion.
Effect of new DFT methods on spectroscopy and NLO analysis of 2-Bromo-5-nitrothiozole and Nitrosodimethylamine
Authors: Kaluva Sumalya , Karri Venktat Laxmi , Chaudhari Ajay , Naganathappa Mahadevappa
Published: January 2024

The present study reports the effect new DFT methods introduced in
Gaussian 16 viz B2PLYP, B2PLYPD, DSDPBEP86 and MPW2LPLYP on
spectroscopic characterization and nonlinear optical properties (NLO) of
2-Bromo-5-nitrothiozole and Nitrosodimethylamine. The obtained results
have compared with the old DFT as well as MP2 and HF. The spectroscopic
characterization viz. geometrical parameters, vibrational, electronic
absorption spectra and HOMO to LUMO gap with their molecular orbitals
have been reported. The geometrical parameters such as optimized energy,
dipole moment, bond length and angles have reported for both molecules
at all methods using higher basis set (6-311++G**). The first and second
order hyperpolarizabilities have also been reported for both
2-Bromo-5-nitrothiozole (C3HBrN2O2S) & Nitrosodimethylamine (C2H6N2O)
molecules at all methods. This study shows that these two molecules are
responsive to nonlinear optical (NLO), which reflect its enhanced
applicability in development of photonic devices. The finite field
approach has been applied for calculating first and second
hyperpolarizabilities β and ϒ respectively. The HOMO to LUMO energy gap
of Nitrosodimethylamine is found to be greater than that of
2-Bromo-5-nitrothiozole. All these calculations have performed using
Gaussian 16 program package.
An adaptive differential evolution algorithm based on relaxation strategy for finding the Nash equilibrium of multi-oligopoly game
Authors: li huimin , Xiang Shuwen , Huang Shiguo , Luo Enquan
Published: January 2024

Inspired by the idea of game learning, this paper studies the Cournot
game model of the multi-oligopoly market and studies the realization of
the Nash equilibrium by using adaptive differential evolution algorithm
based on relaxation strategies. The Nash equilibrium is attained through
an adaptive differential evolution based on a relaxation strategy
procedure applied to an objective function with best response dynamics,
the Gap function, which is derived from the sum of the payoff changes of
each oligopoly under best response decisions. Furthermore, the
convergence of the proposed algorithm is proved according to the random
fixed point theorem and random functional theory. Finally, the
calculation of a three-oligopoly game in the oil market verifies that
the proposed algorithm is superior to the usual relaxation algorithm and
the adaptive relaxation algorithm in terms of convergence speed and
avoiding falling into the local optimal when solving multi-oligopoly
Cournot game.
Potential biomarkers of the severity of acute poisoning
Authors: Wang Xikai , Ma Jingjing , Du Yongfeng , Wang Yanli
Published: January 2024

Background This study aimed to assess the effect of Heart-Type Fatty
Acid-Binding Protein (H-FABP), Creatinine Kinase (CK) and Homocysteine
(Hcy) in determining the severity of acute poisoning. Methods 224
poisoning patients were divided into four observed groups: CO, alcohol,
pesticide and drug, 50 health people as control group were included in
this study. The patients were diagnosed moderate or severe acute
poisoning. Blood samples were collected at the time of admission and the
H-FABP, CK and Hcy of serum were tested at the time point. Results All
the four observed groups of patients, the average H-FABP, CK and Hcy
levels were significantly higher than those of the control group. We
found H-FABP combined with CK had a statistically correlation between
the moderate and severe of acute CO and pesticide poisoning, H-FABP
combined with Hcy had a significantly correlation between the moderate
and severe of acute alcohol poisoning, H-FABP combined with CK and Hcy
had a significantly correlation between the moderate and severe of acute
drug poisoning. ROC curve showed that the combination of three
biomarkers could improve the diagnostic ability of the type and severity
of acute poisoning. Conclusions These results indicate that changes in
specific biomarkers (H-FABP combined with CK and Hcy) have potential on
determining the type and the severity of acute poisoning. These findings
can contribute for further research aiming a stronger model to be used
in clinical practice.
OPTIMIZATION OF PROCESSING PARAMETERS FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF SPHERICAL BACTERIAL CELLULOSE
Authors: Tonetto Maria , Pineda Tatiana , Antonio Regina , Lobo-Recio Maria
Published: January 2024

Due to its properties, such as high superficial area, high porosity,
tensile strength and elevated adsorption capacity, the bacterial
cellulose (BC) can be applied in different fields. The present study
aimed to evaluate, through a central composite rotatable design (CCRD),
the effects of the agitation rate and inoculum dose on the diameter of
BC spheres from Komagataeibacter hansenii, cultivated in environments
containing mannitol as a carbon source at 30 ºC of temperature. The only
statistically significant factor (p < 0.05) was found to be
the agitation rate for a 95% confidence level, with a negative linear
effect. CCRD study showed that the sphere diameter decreases when the
agitation rate increases at any inoculum dosage. However, to a given
agitation, the sphere size initially decreases and then increases with
the increase of the inoculum dose. Increases in the agitation rate also
led to an increase in the sphere number at a constant inoculum dosage.
The results contribute to explain the controverted results found in the
literature about the influence of these two parameters. From the
optimization of the processing parameters via CCRD, the selection of the
most adequate parameter values to obtain spherical BC of the desired
diameter can be achieved.
An introduction to PVDF nanofibers properties, and ways to improve them, and reviewing output enhancing methods for PVDF nanofibers nanogenerators
Authors: Aghayari Sedigheh
Published: January 2024

PVDF has special piezo/pyro/ferroelectric, flexibility, low weight,
biocompatibility, economical, good chemical/thermal, and high mechanical
properties such as excellent nontoxic fiber/film formation. It has polar
and nonpolar phases of α, β, γ, ε, and δ that the nonpolar α phase is
the most stable one, but the β phase is the best of all because it has
good piezo/pyro/ferroelectric properties. Copolymers are attractive
because of their low weight, nontoxic, chemical acid resistance,
flexibility, and ease of processing. These aspects result in their
applications in many fields. They are used for piezoelectric
nanogenerators, cooling/heating sensors, electronic devices (fuel cells,
lithium-ion batteries (as separators), dye sensitive solar cells),
filtration, oil/water separation, and photoelectric nanodevices. This
review highlights the main aspects of the last decade’s articles, and
the focus is on the synthesis methods of PVDF nanofibers and their
properties which results in their application in different fields of
industry and especially focuses on finding ways to increase the output
of PVDF nanofibers nanogenerators (weight/acoustic pressure
nanogenerators).
Body size, cell size and Peto's paradox
Authors: Maciak Sebastian
Published: January 2024

Carcinogenesis is one of the leading health concerns afflicting
presumably every single animal species, including humans. Currently,
cancer research expands considerably beyond medicine, becoming a focus
in other branches of natural science. Accumulating evidence suggests
that a proportional scale of tumor deaths involves domestic and wild
animals and poses economical or conservation threats to many species.
Therefore, understanding the genetic and physiological mechanisms of
cancer initiation and its progression is essential for our future action
and contingent prevention. From this perspective, I used an
evolutionary-based approach to re-evaluate the baseline for debate
around Peto’s paradox. I discuss in detail an effect of body mass in
cancer research and the importance of cell size in consideration of body
architecture; and finally, I note the necessity of broader ecological
attempt in studies of carcinogenesis. The weak points and limitations of
theoretical modeling or indirect reasoning based on intraspecific,
comparative studies are highlighted. The novelty of the approach
proposed therein lies in intraspecies testing of the effect of
differentiation of cell size/number on the probability of carcinogenesis
while controlling for the confounding effect of body mass/size.
Structure design and key parameters analysis of heat pipes-cooled thermoelectric cooling channel
Authors: Meng Fankai , Chen Zhaojun , Xu Chenxin
Published: January 2024

A heat pipes-cooled thermoelectric cooling channel structure is proposed
and the thermodynamic model is established based on the finite-time
thermodynamics theory. With refrigeration flux and the coefficient of
performance (COP) as the performance indexes, the influence of key
operating parameters such as working current and inlet temperature and
design parameters such as thermoelectric module parameters and heat pipe
parameters on the cooling performance of the device is analyzed by
numerical simulation. In addition, this paper also compares the
refrigeration performance of the heat pipe-cooled thermoelectric cooling
channel and the air-cooled thermoelectric cooling channel under the same
working conditions. The results show that the maximum refrigeration flux
and maximum COP of the heat pipe-cooled thermoelectric cooling channel
are 0.517 “W∙” 〖“cm” 〗^“-2” and 1.245, respectively. The
results are 154.60 % and 42.30 % higher than those of the air-cooled
thermoelectric cooling channel.
Neither advanced nor delayed germination is optimal for performance – dynamic morphological plasticity in response to germination timing in Abutilon theophrasti (Malvaceae)
Authors: Wang Shu , Zhou Dao-Wei
Published: January 2024

How plants respond to germination timing via morphological plasticity is
not well documented, in spite of its importance for understanding plant
strategies in dealing with natural environmental challenges of
complicacy, especially in the perspective of the entire life cycle of
plants. To address this issue, we conducted a field experiment with
Abutilon theophrasti by growing plants in four periods, as four
germination treatments (GT1~GT4), before measuring a
number of mass and morphological traits on them at three (or four)
growth stages (EX, I~III). Results the optimal
germination time for A. theophrasti was late spring, as plants that
germinated in this period achieved the maximum total mass, with the
highest stem and reproductive allocation and the lowest leaf allocation,
among plants of all germination treatments. Plants that germinated
earlier in spring used a longer time for vegetative growth and did not
outperform late-spring germinants, probably due to exposure to spring
drought and response to competition. Delaying germination into summer
led to a faster growth, increased leaf allocation, decreased stem
allocation, advanced reproduction and shorter life cycle, but further
delay of germination into late summer led to insufficient reproduction
and incomplete life cycle due to extremely short growth period. Results
suggested plants that germinated within the optimal period can maximize
their growth potential in relatively favorable conditions. In spite of
conspicuous disadvantages, plants with advanced and delayed germinated
were still able to use different strategies to better adapt to
subsequent environments, via plasticity in a number of allocation and
morphological traits. Root plasticity may play a predominant or
fundamental role in plant response to environments, or it is crucial to
maintain root allocation stable, while stem or leaf allocation can often
be sacrificed depending on specific situations.
Some new post-quantum Ostrowski-type integral inequalities for twice (p,q)-differentiable convex functions
Authors: Luangboon Waewta , Nonlaopon Kamsing , Tariboon Jessada , Ntouyas S.K. , Budak Huseyin
Published: January 2024

In this paper, we establish a new (p,q)-integral identity using twice
(p,q)-differentiable convex functions. Then, we use this result to
derive some new post-quantum Ostrowski-type integral inequalities for
twice (p,q)-differentiable convex functions. The newly established
results are also proven to generalize some existing results in the area
of integral inequalities of already published ones.
A Map-type Gronwall Inequality on Functional Differential Equations with State-dependence
Authors: Zhou Jun
Published: January 2024

In this paper, in order to investigate a Gronwall inequality with
statedependence, another auxiliary map-type Gronwall inequality is
discussed by modifying the technique of sequential monotonization on
functions into the one on maps. Then we employ the state-dependent
Gronwall inequality to give the estimate and boundedness of solutions
for a functional differential equation with state-dependence. Finally,
we exhibit a concrete example of bounded solutions as application.
Association Between Maternal Weight Gain in Different Periods of Pregnancy and the Risk of Venous Thromboembolism: A Retrospective Matched Case-Control Study
Authors: Wu Yuelin , Dong Lingling , Zhou Zheying , Zhou Tianfan , Zhao Xiaobo , Pei Jindan , Che Ronghua , Han Zhimin , Hua Xiaolin
Published: January 2024

Objective To explore the incidence of pregnancy-related VTE in China and
to assess the associations of maternal weight gain in different periods
of pregnancy with VTE. Design Retrospective case-control study. Setting
Shanghai, China Participants 151 cases (11.7 per 10000) of
pregnancy-related venous thromboembolism (VTE) and 302 controls. Methods
GWG was standardized into gestational age-specific z-scores stratified
by body mass index (BMI) and categorized as low (< -1), normal
(-1 to 1), and high (>1). The adjusted odds ratios (aORs)
and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated through log-binomial
regression models. Main outcome measures Pregnancy-related VTE Results
There were 65.6% of pulmonary embolus (PE) and 34.4% of deep venous
thrombosis (DVT) alone or combined with PE. Among normal-weight women,
there was observed protective effects of low weight gain (aOR 0.79; 95%
CI 0.37–1.68) and significantly increased risks of high weight gain
(aOR=1.47; 95% CI: 1.03-2.09) for PE in early pregnancy. Similarly, a
tendency towards decreased risk at lower weight gain throughout
pregnancy (aOR 0.79; 95% CI 0.37–1.68) and significantly increased
risk at higher values (aOR=1.52; 95% CI: 1.01-2.31) for PE was
observed. As for underweight and overweight women, results from the
categorical model for early, late or total pregnancy weight gain
indicated an increased risk in PE at both low and high weight gain, but
confidence intervals were wide. Conclusion Maternal weight gain in total
or early pregnancy is an important risk factor for PE. Intensive weight
management that continues through pregnancy may be indispensable to
effectively improve pregnant outcomes.
Use of pulse oximetry to screen for infant obstructive sleep apnoea
Authors: Hou Cheuk Ting Andy , Chan Eric Yat-tung , Kwok Ka-Li , Lau Mei Yee , Leung Shuk Yu
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Pulse oximetry is currently used to screen for obstructive
sleep apnoea (OSA) in children. However, its use in infant has not yet
been well studied. Aim: To develop a screening criterion using pulse
oximetry to identify infant with probable OSA. Methods: A retrospective
cross-sectional study including infants <1 year of age with
features of upper airway obstruction or requiring home oxygen, to find
associations between obstructive apnoea hypopnoea index (OAHI) in infant
polysomnography (PSG) and parameters in pulse oximetry by Spearman Rho’s
correlation. And using the parameter with strongest correlation, by
receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve to identify a cut-off with
highest Youden index to screen for probable OSA (OAHI >2
per hour). Results: A total of 27 infants were studied. The index of
oxygen desaturation with SpO2 <90% per sampled hour
(ODI<90%) had the best correlation with OAHI (r = 0.52, p =
0.005). Using the cut-off of ODI<90% more than 1.3 per hour,
the sensitivity and specificity for identifying OAHI >2 per
hour was 77% and 71% respectively. Conclusion: Infant pulse oximetry
can be a useful tool to screen for probable infant OSA especially for
paediatric units not offering infant PSG service.
Laparoscopic gynecological surgery under minimally invasive anesthesia: a prospective cohort study.
Authors: Giampaolino Pierluigi , Mercorio Antonio , Corte Luigi Della , Bruzzese Dario , Coviello Antonio , Grasso Giovanna , Piano Anna Claudia Del , Candice Agostino , Sardo Attilio Di Spiezio , Servillo Giuseppe , Bifulco Giuseppe
Published: January 2024

Objective: To assess the feasibility and the perioperative outcomes of
laparoscopic gynecological surgery in regional anesthesia (RA) from the
point of view of the surgeon, anesthesiologist and patient. Design:
Prospective cohort study Setting: University Hospital Federico II of
Naples Population: Women planned to undergo gynecologic laparoscopy
surgery for benign pathology. Methods: Women were assigned, according to
their preference, to either RA (Group A) or general anesthesia
(GA)(Group B). Surgical, anesthesiological and postoperative recovery
data were recorded. Statistically signiﬁcant differences between the two
groups regarding social, demographic, medical and psychiatric data.
Statistically signiﬁcant differences between the two groups regarding
social, demographic, medical and psychiatric data. Main outcome mesure:
The primary outcome measure was postoperative pain. Secondary outcomes
included mobilization, length of hospital stay, global surgeons and
patient satisfaction, intraoperative pain assessment in Group A.
Results: Immediate postoperative pain was significantly lower in Group A
0 vs 2 (p<0.001), also at 6 h 1.5 vs 3 (p =0.004), with no
significant differences at 24 h. The secondary outcome demonstrated
early patient’s mobilization (p<0.001) as well as early
discharge (p<0.001) and greater patient’s satisfaction for the
Group A. A maximum pain score of 3 points out of 5 was recored through
the entire surgery. Conclusion: RA showed to decrease the impact of
surgical stress and to guarantee a quicker recovery without compromising
surgical results. As well as different surgical approaches can be
selected to treat different pathologies, RA technique could be a viable
option for patients. Keywords: gynecological surgery; regional
analgesia; postoperative pain.
A Liouville type theorem in higher order related to semi-linear parabolic equations on Heisenberg group
Authors: Lamairia Abd Elhakim
Published: January 2024

In this article, we first describe a Liouville-type theorem. We also
consider higher order semi-linear parabolic equations with a non-linear
infinite memory term.Then prove some results of local existence of such
an equation with an infinite memory of nonlinear terms are given and
displayed.