bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Enthusiastic Objectifications of Skaz: Mikhail Zoshchenko and the “Simple‐Souled” Soviet Reception of Jazz
Authors: CIEPLY JASON
Published: June 2020

Skaz, an experimental narrative form popular in the early Soviet years, has been defined by its orientation toward orality and the voice of a lower‐class other. Skaz's most widely read practitioner, Mikhail Zoshchenko claimed to speak on behalf of proletarian writers, who, according to revolutionary vanguardist theory, could not yet speak for themselves. Sympathetic and antagonistic critics alike have presented Zoshchenko as a pessimist hostilely inclined to the linguistic consciousnesses depicted in his fiction and to the revolutionary project as a whole. In this article, skaz is reconsidered in relation to its roots in enthusiastic aesthetics and politics, an ancient philosophical tradition which since became central to the analysis of feeling and class in revolutionary societies. Following the Russian Revolution, populist intellectuals “spoke in the tongues” of the lower‐class other in an attempt to step outside their own subjective vantage points. The result was a dialectic made up of the “illusory” objectification of the revolutionary subject and a reciprocal defamiliarizing self‐objectification through this imagined consciousness. The enthusiastic aesthetics of skaz do not enable their object to speak, but they do facilitate a movement toward it. This article makes this case using the example of Zoshchenko's 1927 “Simplicity of Soul,” a prose miniature about Soviet shoving framed by the narrator's recollections of remarks on the matter made by members of a so‐called “Negro‐Operetta.” The anecdote originates in a real feuilleton recounting the impressions of the Chocolate Kiddies, an African‐American jazz ensemble that toured the Soviet Union in 1926. Read alongside Soviet reviews of the Chocolate Kiddies, the story is revealed to be a nuanced critical response to the misguided, racist, and, at the same time, well‐meaning internationalist enthusiasm that defined the Soviet response to jazz. Zoshchenko's point in exploring the crude objectifications which obscured Soviet critics' reading of this emancipatory, transnational art form is to articulate–and offer a qualified defense of–the contingent, illusory, and problematic images produced by his own enthusiastic performances of proletarian voice.
A Machine Learning Approach to Identifying Changes in Suicidal Language
Authors: Pestian John , Santel Daniel , Sorter Michael , Bayram Ulya , Connolly Brian , Glauser Tracy , DelBello Melissa , Tamang Suzanne , Cohen Kevin
Published: June 2020

Objective

With early identification and intervention, many suicidal deaths are preventable. Tools that include machine learning methods have been able to identify suicidal language. This paper examines the persistence of this suicidal language up to 30 days after discharge from care.

Method

In a multi‐center study, 253 subjects were enrolled into either suicidal or control cohorts. Their responses to standardized instruments and interviews were analyzed using machine learning algorithms. Subjects were re‐interviewed approximately 30 days later, and their language was compared to the original language to determine the presence of suicidal ideation.

Results

The results show that language characteristics used to classify suicidality at the initial encounter are still present in the speech 30 days later (AUC = 89% (95% CI: 85–95%), p < .0001) and that algorithms trained on the second interviews could also identify the subjects that produced the first interviews (AUC = 85% (95% CI: 81–90%), p < .0001).

Conclusions

This approach explores the stability of suicidal language. When using advanced computational methods, the results show that a patient’s language is similar 30 days after first captured, while responses to standard measures change. This can be useful when developing methods that identify the data‐based phenotype of a subject.
Review of Carceral State Studies and Application
Authors: Martensen Kayla Marie
Published: June 2020

This review considers a range of literature that contributes to a critical conversation encompassing radical opposition to the Carceral State and its logics, practices, and technologies. The carceral concept has been adopted and applied to multiple areas of the social world. With few exceptions, the term “Carceral State” has been used by many scholars without a comprehensive or agreed definition of the concept. This review is an attempt to piece together various pieces of literature that offer theoretical explorations of mass incarceration, as well as, how punishment and the logics of prison have informed economic, political, and social landscapes, compromising what has been identified by many scholars as a Carceral State.
Investigations on biosorption and biogenic calcite precipitation in sands
Authors: Shashank Bettadapura S. , Kuntikana Ganaraj , Jiang Ning‐Jun , Singh Devendra N.
Published: June 2020

Soils are a host to several micro‐organisms which are responsible for various biogeochemical processes prevailing in the geoenvironment. Such processes have been utilized to alter engineering properties of the coarse‐grained soils viz., sands, such as strength, liquefaction potential and permeability. One of such processes, which has been explored by several researchers, is Biogenic Calcite Precipitation (BCP) in the coarse‐grained soils. Though the impact of biogenic calcite (BC) on engineering behaviour of sands has been dealt with in great detail, the mechanism of calcite ‘growth’ on their surface, which primarily depends on biosorption (i.e. attachment of bacterial cells), has not been investigated and/or discussed in detail. It should be noted that biosorption would strongly depend upon the overall surface characteristics of the sand grains, apart from their chemico‐mineralogical characteristics. Unlike fine‐grained soils, where the bacteria‐soil interaction is being investigated extensively by researchers, the above‐referred studies on sands have been pretermitted, largely. With this in view, an attempt has been made to investigate the mechanisms associated with the interaction of bacterial cells with sand grains and BC substrates, which is a precursor for the biogeochemical processes such as BCP, bioremediation and biological degradation of soils. Highlighting the role of key factors in bacterial cell‐sand interactions, a conceptual model has been proposed for the growth of biogenic calcite around a sand grain. Such a fundamental study, conducted by employing Atomic Force Microscopy and Extended Derjaguin‐Landau‐Verwey‐Overbeek (ExDLVO) theory, provides an insight into the biosorption on sands and BC.
Phylogeny and classification of the leafhopper subfamily Eurymelinae (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) inferred from molecules and morphology
Authors: Xue Qingquan , Dietrich Christopher H. , Zhang Yalin
Published: June 2020

Phylogenetic analysis of the globally distributed arboreal leafhopper subfamily Eurymelinae was conducted based on DNA sequence data from three nuclear and two mitochondrial genes in addition to 86 discrete morphological characters. The analysis included 89 species representing 61 genera from all major biogeographic regions including six species from outgroups, Megophthalminae and Ulopinae. Trees resulting from partitioned Bayesian and maximum likelihood analyses of the combined data were well resolved and largely congruent, differing mainly in the relationships among the earliest diverging lineages. The results are consistent with an expanded concept of Eurymelinae, including tribes Austroagalloidini and Macropsini. Six monophyletic groups are recognized as new tribes, Balocerini, Chiasmodolini, Chileanoscopini, Idioceroidini, Kopamerrini and Nesocerini, tribe n., and the previously recognized tribes Eurymelini, Idiocerini and Megipocerini are redefined. A new synonym, Busonini Zhang & Li, 2015 syn.n. is proposed here for Megipocerini Isaev, 1988. Molecular divergence time estimates were calibrated using two fossil taxa and suggested that the earliest divergences occurred in the Lower Cretaceous and that most major lineages of this group arose during the Cretaceous. Reconstruction of ancestral areas revealed considerable continental‐scale biogeographical structure. The place of origin of Eurymelinae is equivocal but major lineages arose in the Neotropical, Australian and Afrotropical regions. A key to tribes and a checklist of genera showing current tribal placements are provided.
How an aglossic speaker produces an alveolar-like percept without a functional tongue tip
Authors: Toutios Asterios , Xu Melissa , Byrd Dani , Goldstein Louis , Narayanan Shrikanth
Published: June 2020

It has been previously observed [McMicken, Salles, Berg, Vento-Wilson, Rogers, Toutios, and Narayanan. (2017). J. Commun. Disorders, Deaf Stud. Hear. Aids 5(2), 1–6] using real-time magnetic resonance imaging that a speaker with severe congenital tongue hypoplasia (aglossia) had developed a compensatory articulatory strategy where she, in the absence of a functional tongue tip, produced a plosive consonant perceptually similar to /d/ using a bilabial constriction. The present paper provides an updated account of this strategy. It is suggested that the previously observed compensatory bilabial closing that occurs during this speaker's /d/ production is consistent with vocal tract shaping resulting from hyoid raising created with mylohyoid action, which may also be involved in typical /d/ production. Simulating this strategy in a dynamic articulatory synthesis experiment leads to the generation of /d/-like formant transitions.
Protective Role of Bacterial Alkanesulfonate Monooxygenase under Oxidative Stress
Authors: Park Chulwoo , Shin Bora , Park Woojun
Published: June 2020

ssuDandtauD, which play a role in the degradation of organosulfonate, were expressed duringn-hexadecane metabolism and oxidative stress conditions inA. oleivoransDR1. Our study confirmed that hexadecanesulfonate was accidentally generated during bacterialn-hexadecane degradation in sulfate-limited conditions. Removal of this by-product by SsuD and TauD must be necessary for bacterial survival under oxidative stress generated duringn-hexadecane degradation.
Two Interacting ATPases Protect Mycobacterium tuberculosis from Glycerol and Nitric Oxide Toxicity
Authors: Whitaker Meredith , Ruecker Nadine , Hartman Travis , Klevorn Thais , Andres Jaclynn , Kim Jia , Rhee Kyu , Ehrt Sabine
Published: June 2020

A better understanding of the pathogenesis of tuberculosis requires a better understanding of gene function in
M. tuberculosis
. This work provides the first functional insight into the Rv3679/Rv3680 ATPase complex. We demonstrate that
M. tuberculosis
requires this complex and specifically its ATPase activity to resist glycerol and nitric oxide toxicity. We provide evidence that the glycerol-derived metabolite methylglyoxal causes toxicity in the absence of Rv3679/Rv3680. We further show that glycerol-dependent toxicity is reversed when glycerol kinase (GlpK) is inactivated. Our work uncovered other genes of unknown function that interact with Rv3679 and/or Rv3680 genetically or physically, underscoring the importance of understanding uncharacterized genes.
Unraveling a Tangled Skein: Evolutionary Analysis of the Bacterial Gibberellin Biosynthetic Operon
Authors: Nett Ryan S. , Nguyen Huy , Nagel Raimund , Marcassa Ariana , Charles Trevor C. , Friedberg Iddo , Peters Reuben J.
Published: June 2020

While production of phytohormones by plant-associated microbes has long been appreciated, identification of the gibberellin (GA) biosynthetic operon in plant-associated bacteria has revealed surprising genetic heterogeneity. Notably, this heterogeneity seems to be associated with the lifestyle of the microbe; while the GA operon in phytopathogenic bacteria does not seem to vary to any significant degree, thus enabling production of bioactive GA, symbiotic rhizobia exhibit a number of GA operon gene loss and gain events. This suggests that a unique set of selective pressures are exerted on this biosynthetic gene cluster in rhizobia. Through analysis of the evolutionary history of the GA operon in alphaproteobacterial rhizobia, which display substantial diversity in their GA operon structure and gene content, we provide insight into the effect of lifestyle and host interactions on the production of this phytohormone by plant-associated bacteria.
In Silico
Analysis Highlights the Diversity and Novelty of Circular Bacteriocins in Sequenced Microbial Genomes
Authors: Xin Bingyue , Liu Hualin , Zheng Jinshui , Xie Chuanshuai , Gao Ying , Dai Dadong , Peng Donghai , Ruan Lifang , Chen Huanchun , Sun Ming
Published: June 2020

Circular bacteriocins are promising biopreservatives, and it is important to identify more novel circular bacteriocins to enhance the current arsenal of antimicrobials. In this study, we used an
in silico
approach to identify a large number of novel circular bacteriocins and classified these bacteriocins into 28 groups rather than the 2 groups that were described in previous studies. Nineteen groups were novel and had low similarity (less than 50%) to any known precursor peptides of circular bacteriocins; this finding greatly expands the awareness of the novelty and diversity of circular bacteriocins. A novel circular bacteriocin which we named cerecyclin was identified in the
B. cereus
group; this circular bacteriocin had great antimicrobial activity against some foodborne pathogens and showed extreme stability. This study not only identified a promising food biopreservative but also provided a rich source for the identification of novel circular bacteriocins and the development of new biopreservatives.
Ertapenem-induced encephalopathy
Authors: Adams Rebecca , Chopra Priya , Miranda Richard , Calderon Aaron
Published: June 2020

Neurotoxicity is an unusual side effect of carbapenems, and it has been reported most commonly presenting as seizures, encephalopathy and hallucinations. Ertapenem neurotoxicity most classically presents as seizures in patients with end-stage renal disease (estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <30 mL/min/1.73 m2). We present a patient with a baseline eGFR of 30–59 mL/min/1.73 m2with acute kidney injury who developed non-seizure neurotoxicity after ertapenem exposure. This patient is a middle-aged Caucasian man who received intravenous ertapenem for treatment of empyema. Although the empyema improved, he developed delirium beginning on day 7 of ertapenem. The delirium progressed to constant agitation and visual hallucinations requiring transfer to the intensive care unit with eventual intubation for airway protection. No improvement in mental status was observed with cessation of other medications. Ertapenem was discontinued and within 24 hours, he was extubated, and his mental status returned to baseline. He was discharged from the hospital the following day. The timely resolution after ertapenem discontinuation makes ertapenem-induced encephalopathy the most likely explanation for this patient’s course.
Health literacy and exercise interventions on clinical outcomes in Chinese patients with diabetes: a propensity score-matched comparison
Authors: Wei Yan , Chen Yingyao , Zhao Yingnan , Rothman Russell , Ming Jian , Wang Lei , Liu Xiaona , Shi Lizheng , Xu Wanghong
Published: June 2020

Introduction

Patients with diabetes in China have low health literacy, which likely leads to poor clinical outcomes. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of health literacy and exercise interventions on clinical measurements in Chinese adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Research design and methods

A cluster randomized controlled trial was conducted from February 2015 through April 2017 in Shanghai, China. 799 patients with T2DM aged 18 years or older recruited from eight Community Healthcare Centers were randomized into one control arm and three intervention arms receiving 1-year health literacy intervention, exercise intervention or both as the comprehensive intervention. Propensity score matching was employed to minimize potential imbalance in randomization. The intervention-attributable effects on main clinical outcomes were estimated using a difference-in-difference regression approach.

Results

After propensity score matching, 634 patients were included in the analysis. The three intervention groups had decreased hemoglobin A1c (A1c) level after 12 months of intervention. The largest adjusted decrease was observed in the health literacy group (−0.95%, 95% CI: −1.30 to −0.59), followed by the exercise group (−0.81%, 95% CI: −1.17 to −0.45). However, A1c was observed to increase in the health literacy and the comprehensive groups from 12 to 24 months. No obvious changes were observed for other measurements including high-density and low-density lipoprotein cholesterols, and systolic and diastolic blood pressures.

Conclusions

Health literacy and exercise-focused interventions improve glycemic control in Chinese patients with diabetes after 12 months of intervention, and the health literacy intervention shows the greatest effect. Our results suggest that the interventions may have the potential to improve diabetes self-management and reduce diabetes burden in China.

Trial registration number

ISRCTN76130594.
Remote rapid cycle deliberate practice simulation training during the COVID-19
pandemic
Authors: Balmaks Reinis , Auzina Luize , Gross Isabel Theresia
Published: June 2020

The COVID-19 pandemic is posing new challenges for medical education and
simulation practice given local social distancing requirements.

This report describes the use of an online platform for rapid cycle
deliberate practice simulation training that can be used and tailored to local
COVID-19 pandemic restrictions as it allows for participants, facilitators and
simulation equipment to be apart.
BET 1: Prone positioning of awake patients with acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure
Authors: Bell Jack , Horner Daniel
Published: June 2020

A short-cut review of the literature was carried out to examine the potential utility of prone positioning in awake patients with hypoxaemic respiratory failure. Four papers were identified as suitable for inclusion using the reported search strategy. The author, date and country of publication, patient group studied, study type, relevant outcomes, results and study weaknesses of the best papers are tabulated. It is concluded that there is no evidence that regular prone positioning in the awake patient with hypoxaemic respiratory failure impacts on clinically relevant outcomes. Further research is required to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of this intervention, compared with routine mobilisation strategies.
BET 2: Video laryngoscopy for patients requiring endotracheal intubation in the emergency department
Authors: Howson Abbie , Goodliff Alex , Horner Daniel
Published: June 2020

A short-cut review of the literature was carried out to examine whether video laryngoscopy (VL) could improve first-pass success and reduce complication rates in ED patients requiring endotracheal intubation, when compared with direct laryngoscopy. Four papers were identified as suitable for inclusion using the reported search strategy. The author, date and country of publication, patient group studied, study type, relevant outcomes, results and study weaknesses of the best papers are tabulated. It is concluded that current evidence suggests VL is likely to improve first-pass success and reduce oesophageal intubation rates, but there is no evidence at present that it improves clinically relevant outcomes. In addition, no difference was found between first-pass success rates in senior/experienced operators, who should use techniques with which they are familiar.
Delayed functional independence after thrombectomy: temporal characteristics and predictors
Authors: Desai Shashvat M , Tonetti Daniel A , Morrison Andrew A , Molyneaux Bradley J , Starr Matthew , Rocha Marcelo , Gross Bradley A. , Jankowitz Brian , Jovin Tudor G , Jadhav Ashutosh P
Published: June 2020

Background

Variability in early neurological improvement after endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) for large vessel occlusion (LVO) stroke is well documented. Understanding the temporal progression of functional independence after EVT, especially delayed functional independence in patients who do not experience early improvement, is essential for prognostication and rehabilitation.

Objective

To determine the incidence of early and delayed functional independence and identify associated predictors after EVT.

Methods

A retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data on patients undergoing EVT in the setting of anterior circulation LVO was performed. Demographic, clinical, radiological, treatment, and procedural information were analyzed. Incidence and predictors of early functional independence (EFI, modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score 0–2 at discharge) and delayed functional independence (DFI, mRS score 0–2 at 90 days in non-EFI patients) were analyzed.

Results

Three hundred and fifty-five patients met the study criteria. 55% were women and mean age was 71±15. Mean National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score was 17±6 and median Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score was 9 (8-10). EFI was observed in 21% (73) of patients. Among non-EFI patients (282), DFI was observed in 30% (85) of patients. Shorter time to treatment (p=0.03), lower 24 hours NIHSS score (p<0.001), and smaller follow-up infarct volume (p=0.003) were independent predictors of EFI. Younger age (p=0.011), lower 24 hours NIHSS score (p=0.001), and absence of parenchymal hemorrhage (PH2; p=0.039) were independent predictors of DFI.

Conclusion

Approximately one-fifth of patients experience EFI and one-third of non-early improvers experience DFI. Younger age, lower 24 hours NIHSS score, and absence of parenchymal hemorrhage were independent predictors of DFI among non-early improvers. Further studies are required to improve our understanding of DFI.
Accuracy of optical coherence tomography imaging in assessing aneurysmal remnants after flow diversion
Authors: Fries Frederik , Maßmann Alexander , Tomori Toshiki , Yilmaz Umut , Kettner Michael , Simgen Andreas , Cattaneo Giorgio , Wagenpfeil Gudrun , Reith Wolfgang , Mühl-Benninghaus Ruben
Published: June 2020

Background

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an ultra-high resolution real-time intravascular imaging method that is gaining interest in cerebrovascular applications.

Objective

To compare, in a rabbit elastase aneurysm model, digital subtraction angiography (DSA) and OCT as diagnostic tools for the assessment of aneurysmal remnants and baseline characteristics of aneurysms after flow diverter (FD) implantation.

Methods

With Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee approval, saccular aneurysms were created in 28 rabbits and treated with Derivo FDs. DSA was performed before, and immediately after, stent implantation. As a follow-up, DSA and OCT were performed 28 days after device implantation.

Results

DSA and OCT were successfully performed in 23 cases. OCT could not be achieved in 5 cases owing to navigational difficulties in the stent lumen with the OCT catheter. Residual aneurysms were significantly more often visible with OCT (18/23 (78%) than with DSA 12/23 (52%), p = 0.031).

Conclusion

OCT was more sensitive than conventional angiography for the assessment of residual aneurysms at 28 days after FD implantation in an animal model.
Tardive syndromes
Authors: Mulroy Eoin , Balint Bettina , Bhatia Kailash P
Published: June 2020

Dopamine receptor﻿-blocking antipsychotics, first introduced into clinical practice in 1952, were hailed as a panacea in the treatment of a number of psychiatric disorders. However, within 5 years, this notion was to be shattered by the recognition of both acute and chronic drug-induced movement disorders which can accompany their administration. Tardive syndromes, denoting the delayed onset of movement disorders following administration of dopamine receptor-blocking (and also other) drugs, have diverse manifestations ranging from the classic oro-bucco-lingual dyskinesia, through dystonic craniocervical and trunk posturing, to abnormal breathing patterns. Although tardive syndromes have been an important part of movement disorder clinical practice for over 60 years, their pathophysiologic basis remains poorly understood and the optimal treatment approach remains unclear. This review summarises the current knowledge relating to these syndromes and provides clinicians with pragmatic, clinically focused guidance to their management.
Spinning gyroscope in an acoustic black hole: precession effects and observational aspects
Authors: Chakraborty Chandrachur , Majumdar Parthasarathi
Published: June 2020

The exact precession frequency of a freely-precessing test gyroscope is derived for a $$2+1$$2+1 dimensional rotating acoustic black hole analogue spacetime, without making the somewhat unrealistic assumption that the gyroscope is static. We show that, as a consequence, the gyroscope crosses the acoustic ergosphere of the black hole with a finite precession frequency, provided its angular velocity lies within a particular range determined by the stipulation that the Killing vector is timelike over the ergoregion. Specializing to the ‘Draining Sink’ acoustic black hole, the precession frequency is shown to diverge near the acoustic horizon, instead of the vicinity of the ergosphere. In the limit of an infinitesimally small rotation of the acoustic black hole, the gyroscope still precesses with a finite frequency, thus confirming a behaviour analogous to geodetic precession in a physical non-rotating spacetime like a Schwarzschild black hole. Possible experimental approaches to detect acoustic spin precession and measure the consequent precession frequency, are discussed.
New contributions to the Hamiltonian and Lagrangian contact formalisms for dissipative mechanical systems and their symmetries
Authors: Gaset Jordi , Gràcia Xavier , Muñoz-Lecanda Miguel C. , Rivas Xavier , Román-Roy Narciso
Published: June 2020

We provide new insights into the contact Hamiltonian and Lagrangian formulations of dissipative mechanical systems. In particular, we state a new form of the contact dynamical equations, and we review two recently presented Lagrangian formalisms, studying their equivalence. We define several kinds of symmetries for contact dynamical systems, as well as the notion of dissipation laws, prove a dissipation theorem and give a way to construct conserved quantities. Some well-known examples of dissipative systems are discussed.
Inhibition of JK184-Induced Cytoprotective Autophagy Potentiates JK184 Antitumor Effects in Breast Cancer
Authors: Xi Xiaoya , He Tao
Published: June 2020

Breast cancer (BCa) is the most common aggressive tumor with limited curative therapeutic options available among women worldwide. JK184 is a potent Hedgehog inhibitor that regulates the glioma-dependent transcriptional activity. Although some studies have indicated that JK184 can kill BCa cells, it remains unclear whether there are any events that limit the use of JK184 in BCa therapy. Here, we report that JK184 intervention induces BCa cell death involving the dysregulation of autophagy in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The induction of autophagy compromises the antiproliferative effect of JK184. Mechanistically, JK184 induces autophagy via inhibiting the Akt/mTOR pathway in BCa cells. Taken together, our findings unravel a novel mechanism for JK184 treatment in BCa, suggesting that JK184 in combination with autophagy inhibitor may be a potential therapeutic strategy for the clinical treatment of BCa.
SSH: A Tool for Predicting Hydrophobic Interaction of Monoclonal Antibodies Using Sequences
Authors: Dzisoo Anthony Mackitz , Kang Juanjuan , Yao Pengcheng , Klugah-Brown Benjamin , Mengesha Birga Anteneh , Huang Jian
Published: June 2020

Therapeutic antibodies are one of the most important parts of the pharmaceutical industry. They are widely used in treating various diseases such as autoimmune diseases, cancer, inflammation, and infectious diseases. Their development process however is often brought to a standstill or takes a longer time and is then more expensive due to their hydrophobicity problems. Hydrophobic interactions can cause problems on half‐life, drug administration, and immunogenicity at all stages of antibody drug development. Some of the most widely accepted and used technologies for determining the hydrophobic interactions of antibodies include standup monolayer adsorption chromatography (SMAC), salt‐gradient affinity‐capture self‐interaction nanoparticle spectroscopy (SGAC‐SINS), and hydrophobic interaction chromatography (HIC). However, to measure SMAC, SGAC‐SINS, and HIC for hundreds of antibody drug candidates is time‐consuming and costly. To save time and money, a predictor called SSH is developed. Based on the antibody’s sequence only, it can predict the hydrophobic interactions of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Using the leave‐one‐out crossvalidation, SSH achieved 91.226% accuracy, 96.396% sensitivity or recall, 84.196% specificity, 87.754% precision, 0.828 Mathew correlation coefficient (MCC), 0.919 f‐score, and 0.961 area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC).
Collaboration among Registered Nurses and Licensed Practical Nurses: A Scoping Review of Practice Guidelines
Authors: Prentice Dawn , Moore Jane , Crawford Joanne , Lankshear Sara , Limoges Jacqueline
Published: June 2020

Professional associations, nurse scholars, and practicing nurses suggest that intraprofessional collaboration between nurses is essential for the provision of quality patient care. However, there is a paucity of evidence describing collaboration among nurses, including the outcomes of collaboration to support these claims. The aim of this scoping review was to examine nursing practice guidelines that inform the registered nurse (RN) and registered/licensed practical nurse (R/LPN) collaborative practice in acute care, summarize and disseminate the findings, and identify gaps in the literature. Ten practice guidelines, all published in Canada, were included in the final scoping review. The findings indicate that many of the guidelines were not evidence informed, which was a major gap. Although the guidelines discussed the structures needed to support intraprofessional collaboration, and most of the guidelines mention that quality patient care is the desired outcome of intraprofessional collaboration, outcome indicators for measuring successful collaborative practice were missing in many of the guidelines. Conflict resolution is an important process component of collaborative practice; yet, it was only mentioned in a few of the guidelines. Future guidelines should be evidence informed and provide outcome indicators in order to measure if the collaborative practice is occurring in the practice setting.
Effects of the Immobilization of the Upper Extremities on Spatiotemporal Gait Parameters during Walking in Stroke Patients: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Hong Seung-hyeon , Jung So-young , Oh Hyeon-kyung , Lee So-hyeon , Woo Young-keun
Published: June 2020

Background. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of upper extremity immobilization and consequent walking speed on spatiotemporal gait parameters in stroke patients with hemiparesis. Methods. The following variables were assessed or measured in 29 stroke patients: age, height, weight, disease duration, Korean version of the Mini‐Mental State Examination (MMSE‐K), Berg balance scale (BBS‐K), functional gait assessment (FGA‐K), cause of the disease (type of lesion), and hemiparetic side. The measurement of gait was performed using two pressure plates of 1.5 m to create a 3 m walking distance and leaving 1.5 m of extension at both start and end, to ultimately create a 6 m walking distance that the patient could walk through. The following gait patterns were randomly selected based on card draws: self‐selected walk speed (SW), self‐selected walk speed with immobilized upper extremities (SWI), fast walking (FW), and fast walking with immobilized upper extremities (FWI). Each patient was assessed for four different gait patterns, with three measurements per pattern (12 gait measurements in total). Results. While there were significant differences in the stride length, step width, velocity, and step length of the paretic side between self‐selected walk speed (SW) and SWI, FWI did not show significant changes in any of the tested parameters. Conclusions. Immobilization of the upper extremities may affect walking at self‐selected walk speeds. A comprehensive training program including upper extremity movement should be established for gait rehabilitation. Clinical Trial Registration. This trial is registered at http://cris.nih.go.kr/cris.
Evaluation of Loopamp Assay for the Diagnosis of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Cambodia
Authors: Cheng Sokleaph , Pheng Sok Heng , Heng Seiha , Marks Guy B. , Bañuls Anne-Laure , Mao Tan Eang , Kerléguer Alexandra
Published: June 2020

The Loopamp™ MTBC kit (TB‐LAMP) is recommended by WHO for Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex detection in low‐income countries with a still low drug‐resistant tuberculosis (TB) rate. This study is aimed at testing its feasibility in Cambodia on sputa collected from presumptive tuberculosis patients. 499 samples were tested at a smear microscopy center and 200 at a central‐level mycobacteriology laboratory. Using mycobacterial cultures as reference, TB‐LAMP results were compared with those of LED fluorescent microscopy (LED‐FM) and Xpert® MTB/RIF. At the microscopy center, TB‐LAMP sensitivity was higher than that of LED‐FM (81.5% [95% CI, 74.5‐87.6] versus 69.4% [95% CI, 62.2‐76.6]), but lower than that of the Xpert assay (95.5% [95% CI 92.3‐98.8]). At the central‐level laboratory, TB‐LAMP sensitivity (92.8% [95% CI, 87.6‐97.9]) was comparable to that of Xpert (90.7% [95% CI, 85.0‐96.5]) using stored sample. No significant difference in terms of specificity between TB‐LAMP and Xpert assays was observed in both study sites. In conclusion, our data demonstrate that TB‐LAMP could be implemented at microscopy centers in Cambodia to detect TB patients. In addition, TB‐LAMP can be a better choice to replace smear microscopy for rapid TB diagnosis of new presumptive TB patients, in settings with relative low prevalence of drug‐resistant TB and difficulties to implement Xpert assay.
Disease Mutation Study Identifies Critical Residues for Phosphatidylserine Flippase ATP11A
Authors: Sun Kuanxiang , Tian Wanli , Li Xiao , Liu Wenjing , Yang Yeming , Zhu Xianjun
Published: June 2020

Phosphatidylserine flippase (P4‐ATPase) transports PS from the outer to the inner leaflet of the lipid bilayer in the membrane to maintain PS asymmetry, which is important for biological activities of the cell. ATP11A is expressed in multiple tissues and plays a role in myotube formation. However, the detailed cellular function of ATP11A remains elusive. Mutation analysis revealed that I91, L308, and E897 residues in ATP8A2 are important for flippase activity. In order to investigate the roles of these corresponding amino acid residues in ATP11A protein, we assessed the expression and cellular localization of the respective ATP11A mutant proteins. ATP11A mainly localizes to the Golgi and plasma membrane when coexpressed with the β‐subunit of the complex TMEM30A. Y300F mutation causes reduced ATP11A expression, and Y300F and D913K mutations affect correct localization of the Golgi and plasma membrane. In addition, Y300F and D913K mutations also affect PS flippase activity. Our data provides insight into important residues of ATP11A.
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Hamamyh Tahseen , Yassin Mohamed A.
Published: June 2020

Background: Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) might be associated with underlying hematological malignancies such as chronic lymphocytic leukemia. However, the association between AIHA and chronic myelogenous leukemia is extremely unusual. Summary: We reviewed case reports and series of 54 patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) who developed autoimmune hemolysis between 1952 and 2018. Almost all the patients were in the chronic phase and were classified into transplant and non-transplant groups. The onset of autoimmune hemolysis was earlier in the transplant group and required second- and third-line therapy to control it. The etiology of hemolysis is poorly understood but attributed in the transplant group to immune reconstitution, viral infections, or CML relapse. On the other hand, it is thought to be related in the non-transplant group to CML medications, especially interferon. Key Messages: Although AIHA is uncommon in chronic myelogenous leukemia patients, it should be in the differential diagnosis list for those who develop a sudden drop in hemoglobin without a bleeding source.
Delineation of Clinical Manifestations of the Inherited Xq24 Microdeletion Segregating with sXCI in Mothers: Two Novel Cases with Distinct Phenotypes Ranging from UBE2A Deficiency Syndrome to Recurrent Pregnancy Loss
Authors: Tolmacheva Ekaterina N. , Kashevarova Anna A. , Nazarenko Lyudmila P. , Minaycheva Larisa I. , Skryabin Nikolay A. , Lopatkina Maria E. , Nikitina Tatyana V. , Sazhenova Elena A. , Belyaeva Elena O. , Fonova Elizaveta A. , Salyukova Olga A. , Tarabykin Victor S. , Lebedev Igor N.
Published: June 2020

Chromosomal microdeletion syndromes present with a wide spectrum of clinical phenotypes that depend on the size and gene content of the affected region. In a healthy carrier, epigenetic mechanisms may compensate for the same microdeletion, which may segregate through several generations without any clinical symptoms until the epigenetic modifications no longer function. We report 2 novel cases of Xq24 microdeletions inherited from mothers with extremely skewed X-chromosome inactivation (sXCI). The first case is a boy presenting with X-linked mental retardation, Nascimento type, due to a 168-kb Xq24 microdeletion involving 5 genes (CXorf56, UBE2A, NKRF, SEPT6, and MIR766) inherited from a healthy mother and grandmother with sXCI. In the second family, the presence of a 239-kb Xq24 microdeletion involving 3 additional genes (SLC25A43, SLC25A5-AS1, and SLC25A5) was detected in a woman with sXCI and a history of recurrent pregnancy loss with a maternal family history without reproductive wastages or products of conception. These cases provide evidence that women with an Xq24 microdeletion and sXCI may be at risk for having a child with intellectual disability or for experiencing a pregnancy loss due to the ontogenetic pleiotropy of a chromosomal microdeletion and its incomplete penetrance modified by sXCI.
Super-twisting sliding mode controllers based on D-PSO optimization for temperature control of an induction cooking system
Authors: Mekki Abdeldjalil Abdelkader , Kansab Abdelkader , Matallah Mohamed , Boudjema Zinelaabidine , Feliachi Mouloud
Published: June 2020

In this study, we perform the control of the temperature evolution versus time of induction cooking system using a super twisting sliding mode control (STSMC) based on Dynamic Particle Swarm Optimization (D-PSO). First, we will determine the evolution of the temperature in the middle of the pan bottom using the FEM method. The found temperature exceeds the limit of the desired cooking temperature (150-200°C). Second, to limit temperature increase, a (ST-SMC) method combined with a (D-PSO) algorithm is used to get the desired temperature. Particles Swarm Optimization (D-PSO) method is used to optimize the parameters of the gain of (ST-SMC) and improve its performance. The simulation results show that the use of the optimized super twisting sliding mode controller helps to achieve a desired value of cooking.
Optimal placement of wind turbine in a radial distribution network using PSO method
Authors: Merzoug Yahiaoui , Abdelkrim Bouanane , Larbi Boumediene
Published: June 2020

The aim of this article is to apply the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) method to find the best location for the wind turbine in the radial distribution network. The optimal location is found using the loss sensitivity factor. By respecting the constraints of the active power transmitted in the branches and the limits of the voltages modules for all the nodes. The validity of this method is tested on a 33-IEEE test network and the results obtained are compared with the results of basic load flow.
Design of high performance DC motor actuated cable driving system for compact devices
Authors: Direkwatana Chawaphol , Suthakorn Jackrit
Published: June 2020

The cable transmission is widely used in the remote operation or complex geometry with high stiffness and low backlash. Larger drum is required to reduce and error of transmission in long stroke. An error of the desired position occurs due to the fleet angle while cable winding on a drum. Therefore, a new cable driving module which overcomes this problem is proposed. A new cable driving module with a sliding platform is connected to the actuator unit. A motion of the sliding platform is corresponding to a screw rod connected to an actuator. The precision of the driving system is measured by a high-resolution rotatory encoder and high gear ratio actuator. Results are measured by load and error of the system. A load of system shows a performance of overall translation and rotation of the drum at different speeds. An error of the system is measured from forward and reverse direction by increasing and decreasing the number of turns with constant speed. A system has an average load consumption along a long stroke of cable winding which has no significant problem on the screw platform. Multiple turns have low error value in specific and continuous turn in forward and reverse motion. A new cable driving system is proved in precision movement. The fleet angle is eliminated in new mechanism. Along with a constraint motion, there is no significant change in load consumption. An error is low value in a different direction of movement. Hence, a new design of cable transmission can perform in high performance and small size of the system.
Asymmetric hybrid multilevel inverter with reduced harmonic using hybrid modulation technique
Authors: Kumar Satish , Kumar M. Sasi
Published: June 2020

This paper studies the Asymmetric cascaded three phase multilevel inverter developed with hybrid modulation technique applied for an industrial application. The aim of this paper to reduce the Total harmonics distortion in the cascaded multi level inverter by introducing the new concept to develop the three phase CMLI. This inverter has two segments, one segment has H-bridge inverter and another segment has sequential arrangement of power semi conductor switches with asymmetrical voltage source in the ratio of 1:2. Similarly develop the segments for other phases. This new topology is called as Hybrid MLI. This hybrid MLI is used to reduce the no of semiconductor device requirement and the Total harmonics distortion.  The inverter is controlled by Phase disposition (PD) and alternative phase opposition disposition PWM technique (APOD). This control technique is used to minimize the current harmonic and increase the system performance. The circuit is simulated using Matlab circuit and its performance is compared using PD and APOD PWM techniques and verified with simulation results.
 
Performance enhancement of solar powered floating photovoltaic system using arduino approach
Authors: Jamil Nur Amirah Abdul , Jumaat Siti Amely , Salimin Suriana , Abdullah Mohd Noor , Nor Ahmad Fateh Mohamad
Published: June 2020

This paper presents Performance Enhancement of Solar Powered Floating Photovoltaic System using Arduino Approach. In the project, an Arduino nano as a main controller of the system. The objective of this project to monitor performance of the voltage, current and power output respectively. Furthermore, the prototype of the research is testing in two conditions: on water surface and on a land area. Based on the results, the power of the photovoltaic on the water surface is increased compared on the land area. The conclusion for this project is it can generate electricity using floating photovoltaic and the same time to monitor output of the system.
Design and implementation of an efficient WPT system
Authors: Obais Abdulkareem Mokif , Ruzij Ali Faeq
Published: June 2020

Wireless power transfer (WPT) is a technique introduced to transfer power wirelessly. Generally, WPT systems are characterized by low efficiency and low output power. Since WPT process depends mainly on mutual coupling between transmitting and receiving coils in addition to load requirements, it is focused in this work toward enhancing the mutual coupling and conditioning the receiving circuit so as to optimally satisfy the load demand. The mutual coupling between transmitting and receiving nodes is enhanced via inserting three resonating circuits along with energy transmission path and conditioning the receiving circuit such that it accomplishes delivering maximum power to the load node. In this work, an adaptive efficient WPT system is introduced. This system is carried out on PSpice and validated experimentally. Both simulative and experimental WPT systems have accomplished significant enhancement in efficiency. The proposed WPT system has three resonators and three parallel connected identical receiving coils located at 6.61m from the power transmitter. The efficiency enhancement approaches thousands of times the efficiency of a conventional WPT system having similar power transmitter located at the same distance from the receiving circuit, which has a single coil identical to those in the proposed efficient WPT system.
Computer-based solar tracking system for PV energy yield improvement
Authors: Hasanah Rini Nur , Setyawan Aditya Bagus , Maulana Eka , Nurwati Tri , Taufik Taufik
Published: June 2020

Electric energy is the main driver of various daily activities, both to increase productivity as well as to improve life quality. Energy demand is continuously increasing in parallel to the progress in technology and population growth. Depletion of fossil energy sources and awareness of environmental protection make people resort to renewable energy sources like solar energy. Low efficiency and intermittent characteristic of solar energy may originate from the sun movement along the day as well as the year. Efforts have always been tried to deal with the drawbacks. This paper proposes a computer-based tracking system to fully monitor and control a solar panel movement. The designed system has proven a good performance of working at certain time intervals, either hourly, or even continuously, as desired. Energy yield improvement has been achieved by processing the tracking results with the help of a microcontroller to optimize the power generation of the solar panel.
A new gate drive for a single-phase matrix converter
Authors: Baharom Rahimi , Rahman Nor Farahaida Abdul , Hidayat Muhamad Nabil , Muhammad Khairul Safuan , Seroji Mohammad Nawawi , Yahaya Nor Zaihar
Published: June 2020

This paper presents the new generation of advanced gate driver circuit based on IR2110 device for a Single-Phase Matrix Converter (SPMC) circuit topology that uses MOSFETs or IGBTs switches. The new generation of gate drive circuit uses less number of components, since a single IR2110 device can drive two power switches, thus reduce power losses and minimize the complexity of conventional circuit. An additional isolation of the upper and lower sides of IR2110 device features additional protection to the proposed gate drive system. As a result, the proposed gate drive circuit just uses four IR2110 gate drives in order to control eight switches of SPMC circuit, thus, solve the conventional bulky gate drive circuit problem in SPMCs operation.  This is in line with the international power electronic technology road-maps to reduce losses, cost, volume, therefore to raise up the power density of power electronics converters. Validation have been done through the experimental test-rig. As a result, such new theoretical enhancements can be used as a novel foundation of future high power density of SPMC circuit topology and in-line with the Fourth Industrial Revolution (IR 4.0) which were characterized mainly by advances in technology