bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Description of the Follicular Fluid Cytokine and Hormone Profiles in Human Physiological Natural Cycles
Authors: Piccinni Marie-Pierre , Vicenti Rossella , Logiodice Federica , Fabbri Raffaella , Kullolli Ornela , Pallecchi Marco , Paradisi Roberto , Danza Giovanna , Macciocca Maria , Lombardelli Letizia , Seracchioli Renato
Published: November 2020

Purpose

Exogenous gonadotrophins administration during in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI) cycles could significantly alter the endogenous follicular regulation system and could influence oocyte quality. The analysis of the follicular fluid (FF) cytokine and hormone profiles in physiological natural cycles is crucial to appreciate the role of FF milieu on follicle development. So far, the FF cytokine profile has been analyzed only in controlled ovarian stimulation cycles and in modified natural cycles. Our study defines, in physiological natural cycles, the cytokine and hormone profiles of individual FF aspirated from antral follicles.

Methods

A total of 203 FFs obtained from 83 women with regular menstrual cycles undergoing ovarian tissue cryopreservation were analyzed: 115 FFs from Group 1 (10 to 29 years of age) and 88 FFs from Group 2 (30 to 40 years of age). In individual FF, 27 cytokines were measured with xMAP technology, and progesterone, estrone, estradiol, testosterone, androstenedione concentrations were determined by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry.

Results

FF hormone profiles were not different in follicular and luteal phase, suggesting that FF hormones are regulated independently of the endogenous gonadotrophins—possibly because 74% of the punctured follicles, which were ≤6 mm, did not require cyclic pituitary function. The follicle size was influenced not only by the FF cytokine profile but also by the FF hormone profile, both of which are dependent on age.

Main Conclusions

In physiological natural cycles, FF hormones seems to be regulated independently of the endogenous gonadotropins. Age influences FF hormone and cytokine profiles and the compelling relationship between FF hormones and FF cytokines could influence the follicle development.
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency in Childhood: Data From a Large Nationwide Cohort
Authors: Capalbo Donatella , Moracas Cristina , Cappa Marco , Balsamo Antonio , Maghnie Mohamad , Wasniewska Malgorzata Gabriela , Greggio Nella Augusta , Baronio Federico , Bizzarri Carla , Ferro Giusy , Di Lascio Alessandra , Stancampiano Marianna Rita , Azzolini Sara , Patti Giuseppa , Longhi Silvia , Valenzise Mariella , Radetti Giorgio , Betterle Corrado , Russo Gianni , Salerno Mariacarolina
Published: November 2020

Context

Primary adrenal insufficiency (PAI) is a rare and potentially life-threatening condition that is poorly characterized in children.

Objective

To describe causes, presentation, auxological outcome, frequency of adrenal crisis and mortality of a large cohort of children with PAI.

Patients and Methods

Data from 803 patients from 8 centers of Pediatric Endocrinology were retrospectively collected.

Results

The following etiologies were reported: 85% (n = 682) congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency (21-OHD); 3.1% (n = 25) X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy; 3.1% (n = 25) autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type 1; 2.5% (n = 20) autoimmune adrenal insufficiency; 2% (n = 16) adrenal hypoplasia congenital; 1.2% (n = 10) non-21-OHD CAH; 1% (n = 8) rare syndromes; 0.6% (n = 5) familial glucocorticoid deficiency; 0.4% (n = 3) acquired adrenal insufficiency; 9 patients (1%) did not receive diagnosis. Since 21-OHD CAH has been extensively characterized, it was not further reviewed. In 121 patients with a diagnosis other than 21-OHD CAH, the most frequent symptoms at diagnosis were fatigue (67%), hyperpigmentation (50.4%), dehydration (33%), and hypotension (31%). Elevated adrenocorticotropic hormone (96.4%) was the most common laboratory finding followed by hyponatremia (55%), hyperkalemia (32.7%), and hypoglycemia (33.7%). The median age at presentation was 6.5 ± 5.1 years (0.1-17.8 years) and the mean duration of symptoms before diagnosis was 5.6 ± 11.6 months (0-56 months) depending on etiology. Rate of adrenal crisis was 2.7 per 100 patient-years. Three patients died from the underlying disease. Adult height, evaluated in 70 patients, was −0.70 ± 1.20 standard deviation score.

Conclusions

We characterized one of the largest cohorts of children with PAI aiming to improve the knowledge on diagnosis of this rare condition.
A Novel Loss of Function Melanocortin-4-Receptor Mutation (MC4R-F313Sfs*29) in Morbid Obesity
Authors: Trevellin Elisabetta , Granzotto Marnie , Host Cristina , Grisan Francesca , De Stefani Diego , Grinzato Alessandro , Lefkimmiatis Konstantinos , Pagano Claudio , Rizzuto Rosario , Vettor Roberto
Published: November 2020

Context

Melanocortin receptor-4 (MC4R) gene mutations are associated with early-onset severe obesity, and the identification of potential pathological variants is crucial for the clinical management of patients with obesity.

Objective

To explore whether and how a novel heterozygous MC4R variant (MC4R-F313Sfs*29), identified in a young boy (body mass index [BMI] 38.8 kg/m2) during a mutation analysis conducted in a cohort of patients with obesity, plays a determinant pathophysiological role in the obesity development.

Design Setting and Patients

The genetic screening was carried out in a total of 209 unrelated patients with obesity (BMI ≥ 35 kg/m2). Structural and functional characterization of the F313Sfs*29-mutated MC4R was performed using computational approaches and in vitro, using HEK293 cells transfected with genetically encoded biosensors for cAMP and Ca2+.

Results

The F313Sfs*29 was the only variant identified. In vitro experiments showed that HEK293 cells transfected with the mutated form of MC4R did not increase intracellular cAMP or Ca2+ levels after stimulation with a specific agonist in comparison with HEK293 cells transfected with the wild type form of MC4R (∆R/R0 = -90% ± 8%; P < 0.001). In silico modeling showed that the F313Sfs*29 mutation causes a major reorganization in the cytosolic domain of MC4R, thus reducing the affinity of the putative GalphaS binding site.

Conclusions

The newly discovered F313Sfs*29 variant of MC4R may be involved in the impairment of α-MSH-induced cAMP and Ca2+ signaling, blunting intracellular G protein-mediated signal transduction. This alteration might have led to the dysregulation of satiety signaling, resulting in hyperphagia and early onset of obesity.
Progress in Translational Regulatory T Cell Therapies for Type 1 Diabetes and Islet Transplantation
Authors: Marfil-Garza Braulio A , Hefler Joshua , Bermudez De Leon Mario , Pawlick Rena , Dadheech Nidheesh , Shapiro A M James
Published: November 2020

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) have become highly relevant in the pathophysiology and treatment of autoimmune diseases, such as type 1 diabetes (T1D). As these cells are known to be defective in T1D, recent efforts have explored ex vivo and in vivo Treg expansion and enhancement as a means for restoring self-tolerance in this disease. Given their capacity to also modulate alloimmune responses, studies using Treg-based therapies have recently been undertaken in transplantation. Islet transplantation provides a unique opportunity to study the critical immunological crossroads between auto- and alloimmunity. This procedure has advanced greatly in recent years, and reports of complete abrogation of severe hypoglycemia and long-term insulin independence have become increasingly reported. It is clear that cellular transplantation has the potential to be a true cure in T1D, provided the remaining barriers of cell supply and abrogated need for immune suppression can be overcome. However, the role that Tregs play in islet transplantation remains to be defined. Herein, we synthesize the progress and current state of Treg-based therapies in T1D and islet transplantation. We provide an extensive, but concise, background to understand the physiology and function of these cells and discuss the clinical evidence supporting potency and potential Treg-based therapies in the context of T1D and islet transplantation. Finally, we discuss some areas of opportunity and potential research avenues to guide effective future clinical application. This review provides a basic framework of knowledge for clinicians and researchers involved in the care of patients with T1D and islet transplantation.
Metabolic Consequences of Solid Organ Transplantation
Authors: Bhat Mamatha , Usmani Shirine E , Azhie Amirhossein , Woo Minna
Published: November 2020

Metabolic complications affect over 50% of solid organ transplant recipients. These include posttransplant diabetes, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, dyslipidemia, and obesity. Preexisting metabolic disease is further exacerbated with immunosuppression and posttransplant weight gain. Patients transition from a state of cachexia induced by end-organ disease to a pro-anabolic state after transplant due to weight gain, sedentary lifestyle, and suboptimal dietary habits in the setting of immunosuppression. Specific immunosuppressants have different metabolic effects, although all the foundation/maintenance immunosuppressants (calcineurin inhibitors, mTOR inhibitors) increase the risk of metabolic disease. In this comprehensive review, we summarize the emerging knowledge of the molecular pathogenesis of these different metabolic complications, and the potential genetic contribution (recipient +/− donor) to these conditions. These metabolic complications impact both graft and patient survival, particularly increasing the risk of cardiovascular and cancer-associated mortality. The current evidence for prevention and therapeutic management of posttransplant metabolic conditions is provided while highlighting gaps for future avenues in translational research.
Hipopara-Red, Real Life Experience in 322 Patients With Hypoparathyroidism
Authors: Zanchetta María Belén , Robbiani Damián , Oliveri Beatriz , Giacoia Evangelina , Frigeri Adriana , Kallsbrum Silvia , Salerni Helena , Lucas Sabrina , Diaz Adriana , Perez Betiana , Pieroni Luisina , Arce Lange María Auxiliadora , Tormo Silvina , Kitaigrodsky Ariela , Galich Ana María
Published: November 2020

Context

Hypoparathyroidism is a rare disease and, as such, its natural history, long-term complications, and correct clinical management remain unclear.

Objective

To describe the natural history and clinical characteristics of the disease.

Design and Setting

To present a retrospective observational analysis from 7 specialized centers in Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Patients

Chronic hypoparathyroid patients followed-up between 1985 and December 2018.

Main Outcome Measures

Data on demographics, etiology, clinical complications, biochemical parameters, dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) values, and treatment doses were collected.

Results

A total of 322 subjects with chronic hypoparathyroidism were included; 85.7% were female, the mean age was 55.2 ± 16.8 years, and the mean age at diagnosis was 43.8 ± 16.8 years. Prevalence of surgical hypoparathyroidism was 90.7%, with the most common causes being thyroid carcinoma and benign thyroid disease. A history of hypocalcemia requiring hospitalization was present in 25.7% of the whole group and in 4.3% of patients who had a history of seizures. Overall, 40.9% of our patients had reported at least 1 neuromuscular symptom. Renal insufficiency was present in 22.4% of our patients and was significantly associated with age (P < 0.0001). Hyperphosphatemia was present in 42% of patients. A history of severe hypocalcemia, paresthesias, tetany, ganglia calcifications, seizures, and cataracts was significantly higher in nonsurgical patients.

Conclusion

Although these patients were followed-up by experienced physicians, clinical management was heterogeneous and probably insufficient to assess all the potential complications of this chronic disease. Almost 70% of the study’s group of patients met the experts’ indications for considering the use of rhPTH 1–84. Being aware of this fact is the 1st step in improving our medical management of this disease in the future.
APPLICATION OF INNOVATIVE PEDAGOGICAL TECHNOLOGIES TO IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF KNOWLEDGE ON THE EXAMPLE OF A CHEMISTRY LESSON IN THE 9TH GRADE OF HIGH SCHOOL
Authors: Tazetdinova Gyuzel
Published: November 2020

The article is devoted to the concept of information culture of the individual. A practical example of using the distance learning system (hereinafter-SDL) Moodle in chemistry lessons (9th grade). Based on the material of a specific lesson, the advantages of using SDL and the mechanisms of their influence on the quality of knowledge acquired by pupils are revealed.
HPV immunisation: A review of parent and stakeholder attitudes on school-based programmes
Authors: Burton Courtney L
Published: November 2020

Aim:

The purpose of this integrative review is to examine the benefits of school-based human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination programmes in improving overall vaccine education and adherence among the recommended age groups.

Methods:

The review explores qualitative and quantitative research published between 2010 and 2019 on benefits and barriers to HPV school-based vaccination programmes and stakeholder attitudes influencing implementation in school settings.

Results:

A literature review was performed from a United States perspective among ten articles revealing five themes; vaccine knowledge deficit, parental and patient hesitancy, lack of provider recommendation, vaccine safety and side effect and association with increasing sexual activity.

Conclusions:

HPV-associated cancers and complications are considered a public health issue. However, stakeholder attitudes on school-based HPV vaccination programmes have shown a significant gap in clinical and vaccine knowledge. Moving forward, a multi-level approach through provider training and age-based recommendations among stakeholders is key in overcoming stigmas and barriers to improve vaccination education and uptake rates.
Partner violence: Adopting a public health approach to addressing the problem
Authors: Littler Nadine
Published: November 2020

Adolescence is an exciting, critical period of development, where young people develop a sense of self, new peer and romantic relationships and have an opportunity to explore a range of new experiences. However, due to the enormity of biological, psychological, sociological and environmental changes that occur during this stage of life, young people are also vulnerable to a range of risks, one of which is intimate partner violence. Due to the lack of research on experiences of violence in adolescent intimate partner relationships, there is limited awareness and recognition of this abuse in young people, so they are often silent victims. Therefore, the aim of this article is to provide a narrative review of adolescent intimate partner violence, and to highlight the importance of adopting a public health approach, which involves transdisciplinary working to deliver primary, secondary and tertiary preventative interventions to address this hidden issue.
RSHE: Delivering an inclusive curriculum for SEND learners
Authors: Baker Rachael
Published: November 2020

Relationships, sex and health education is a statutory requirement from this month. Rachael Baker looks at what we must do to ensure our curriculum is inclusive for SEND learners and offers some resources, advice and ideas
Materiales sensibles a biomarcadores y apósitos inteligentes: revisión sistemática
Authors: Ávila Francisco R. , Huayllani Maria T. , Boczar Daniel , Ciudad Pedro , Sarabia-Estrada Rachel , Quiñones-Hinojosa Alfredo , Forte Antonio J.
Published: November 2020

Objetivo:

Evaluar una serie de biomarcadores que permiten medir el proceso de cicatrización de las heridas e identificar los materiales que fueron utilizados para realizar dicha medición, teniendo en cuenta su incorporación en apósitos inteligentes.

Método:

Se realizó una revisión sistemática a partir de PubMed, Medline, CINAHL y Embase, sobre estudios que evaluaran el uso de materiales sensibles a biomarcadores. Se incluyeron estudios en inglés, sin tomar en cuenta el estado o fecha de publicación. No se incluyeron artículos de revisión ni sinopsis de conferencias.

Resultados:

La búsqueda mostró 296 estudios. Un investigador seleccionó 19 artículos para su inclusión. Todos los estudios fueron experimentales. Se encontraron artículos que evaluaron pH, tensión de oxígeno, temperatura, presión, ácido úrico, y glucosa. Los materiales utilizados fueron hidrogeles, fibras y tintas conductivas.

Conclusión:

El biomarcador más estudiado fue el pH. Los materiales que evalúan biomarcadores por medio de métodos colorimétricos podrían ser los más adecuados para su incorporación en apósitos inteligentes.

Conflicto de interés:

Este estudio fue respaldado, en parte, por el centro de Medicina Individualizada de Mayo Clinic, y por la Fundación de Cirugía Plástica (Plastic Surgery Foundation).
Determinantes sociales y demográficos relacionados con la cicatrización de heridas en un centro de asistencia y educación en enfermería
Authors: Moitinho Matheus Santos , Yamachi Cintia Yurie , González Carol V. Serna , de Gouveia Santos Vera L.C. , Gamba Mônica Antar
Published: November 2020

Sinopsis

Objetivo:

Analizar los determinantes sociodemográficos que influyen en la evolución de los pacientes con heridas de difícil cicatrización.

Método:

Este estudio epidemiológico retrospectivo analizó 349 historias clínicas de personas con heridas de difícil cicatrización en un centro de asistencia y educación en enfermería en San Pablo, Brasil, entre 1994 y 2015. Se usó la escala Pressure Ulcer Scale for Healing (PUSH) para evaluar la cicatrización.

Resultados:

Se analizaron datos de 128 personas, la mayoría, adultos mayores. Los participantes se autodeclararon blancos (62%), con educación básica incompleta (31%), ingresos económicos familiares de hasta tres salarios mínimos (86%), diabetes mellitus (61%), e hipertensión arterial sistémica (58,4%). La escala PUSH varió entre 4 y 17 puntos (0–17 posibles), y el puntaje medio en la última valoración fue de, aproximadamente, 12. La tasa de cicatrización fue 60%. El color de piel blanca/amarilla aumentó 3,43 veces las chances de lograr la cicatrización (p<0,001).

Conclusión:

Los atributos sociales estudiados se asemejan a los principales indicadores de inequidades sociales en salud en Brasil. Se observó significancia estadística para los colores de piel blanca/amarilla, relacionados con la cicatrización de la herida. La consulta de enfermería contribuyó en lograr la cicatrización de las heridas.

Conflicto de interés:

Ninguno.
Prevención de lesiones cutáneas causadas por productos y equipos de protección personal durante COVID-19: revisión de alcance
Authors: da Silva Brandão Euzeli , Mandelbaum Maria Helena Sant Ana , Faria da Silva Liliane , Reis Bianca Leal , Tonole Renato
Published: November 2020

Sinopsis

Objetivo:

Identificar, resumir y presentar las recomendaciones publicadas para prevenir lesiones cutáneas (cualquier alteración de la piel) por el uso de productos y equipos de protección personal (EPP) en profesionales de la salud durante la pandemia del COVID-19.

Método:

Se realizó una revisión de alcance, basada en las sugerencias del Instituto Joanna Briggs, entre diciembre de 2019 y mayo de 2020. Se incluyeron estudios realizados con profesionales de la salud de ambos sexos, que utilizaron productos y EPP durante la pandemia, en cualquier escenario de la atención sanitaria. Se examinaron los títulos y resúmenes de los estudios. Dos revisores independientes evaluaron el texto completo, según los criterios de inclusión establecidos.

Resultados:

Ocho publicaciones fueron seleccionadas. Todas se centraron en los cuidados relacionados con la prevención de lesiones por presión (LPP). Resaltaron la higiene e hidratación, y el uso de protectores cutáneos como medidas preventivas.

Conclusión:

Es necesario llevar a cabo investigaciones en busca de mejores estrategias para mantener la integridad de la piel de los profesionales de la salud en el ejercicio de su profesión durante el COVID-19.

Conflicto de interés:

Este artículo es parte de un proyecto apoyado por el Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovaciones (MCTI) y el Consejo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico (CNPq) de Brasil.
No one should die alone on our watch
Authors: Ramos Hector C. , Hashimoto Nathan , Henry Lisa
Published: November 2020

Dying alone has never been a normative event in our society. The coronavirus pandemic has precipitously created an environment of fear and panic, leading to the elimination of the dying vigil as a societal spiritual norm. Many patients have died, and continue to die, alone in their beds without their families or loved ones. Protection of healthcare workers and mitigation of legal liability are purported to be valid justifications for policies that have implemented these restrictions. Yet, historically, the death vigil has been a highly valued event, and seen as an act of community and a spiritual event, in which the person is recognised as more than just a note in the medical record. Two institutions developed policies that respect the death vigil while simultaneously remaining postured to protect healthcare workers. These institutions defied the current trend observed in many clinical environments and refused to let patients die alone.
Care, rights and disability
Authors: Lai Poland
Published: November 2020

This article makes a cautious case against unequivocal acceptance of a rights paradigm for carers. The article draws on criticisms of care advanced by disability scholars. It will then utilise the work of Jonathan Herring, who suggests that in a caring relationship, the interests and identities of all parties are intermingled and it is impossible to consider the welfare or rights of any one party in isolation. Examples in the long-term care sector (nursing homes) in Ontario, Canada, will be used to illustrate situations where the use of rights can be respectful for all parties in a caring relationship.
Nonlinear spatiotemporal control of laser intensity
Authors: Simpson Tanner T. , Ramsey Dillon , Franke Philip , Vafaei-Najafabadi Navid , Turnbull David , Froula Dustin H. , Palastro John P.
Published: November 2020

Spatiotemporal control over the intensity of a laser pulse has the potential to enable or revolutionize a wide range of laser-based applications that currently suffer from the poor flexibility offered by conventional optics. Specifically, these optics limit the region of high intensity to the Rayleigh range and provide little to no control over the trajectory of the peak intensity. Here, we introduce a nonlinear technique for spatiotemporal control, the “self-flying focus,” that produces an arbitrary trajectory intensity peak that can be sustained for distances comparable to the focal length. The technique combines temporal pulse shaping and the inherent nonlinearity of a medium to customize the time and location at which each temporal slice within the pulse comes to its focus. As an example of its utility, simulations show that the self-flying focus can form a highly uniform, meter-scale plasma suitable for advanced plasma-based accelerators.
Maxwellian near-eye display with an expanded eyebox
Authors: Lin Tiegang , Zhan Tao , Zou Junyu , Fan Fan , Wu Shin-Tson
Published: November 2020

Maxwellian view systems can be employed to circumvent the vergence-accommodation conflict in near-eye displays (NEDs), which directly project images onto the retina regardless of the human eye’s depth of focus. However, Maxwellian view optics typically have a limited eyebox, which prevents broader applications of this architecture in NEDs. Here, we demonstrate a thin-film two-dimensional beam deflector composed of multi-twist broad-band Pancharatnam-Berry deflectors to mitigate this limitation via eyebox replication. Based on experimental validation, our proposed design can display always-focused full-color images within a 9 mm × 9 mm eyebox and thus mitigate the limitation of conventional Maxwellian displays while adding negligible weight and volume.
Mother’s Breast is Best in Early Modern Spain
Authors: Cairns Emily Colbert
Published: November 2020

Maternal milk is the first food practice that serves to control the female body, enabling certain women but not others from nursing infants. I explore how authors in early modern Spain conceptualized breastmilk and the social practices associated with nursing and advocate mother’s breast is best, by comparing, Antonio de Guevara’s 1529 Relox de los princípes with Ana Francisca Abarca de Bolea’s Catorce vidas de santas de la orden del císter (1655). In studying these texts together, I explore essential morays, real-life practices and propose an alternative way of understanding the body politic in early modern Iberia that is female-centered.
La esperanza en carne propia: El cuerpo sensorial enTala y Lagarde Gabriela Mistral
Authors: Karr-Cornejo Katherine
Published: November 2020

La importancia del cuerpo en la religión cristiana se ha escondido detrás del binarismo cuerpo-alma. En Tala (1938) y Lagar (1954) de Gabriela Mistral, el cuerpo que siente y percibe revela patrones de conocimiento teológico vinculado a la doctrina de la encarnación y la articulación de una antropología teológica. Al leer una selección de poesía en clave teopoética, se muestra la esperanza formada en un cuerpo poético que siente, desea y busca relacionarse con otros.
Testimonios sobre violencia sexual y delación: Víctimas/verdugos en la zona gris de la era Pinochet
Authors: González Ruth Nelly Solarte
Published: November 2020

Este artículo examina los testimonios de Luz Arce y Marcia Merino, militantes izquierdistas, calificadas como víctimas-verdugos por su cautiverio y posterior colaboración con sus raptores durante la dictadura pinochetista. Se apela aquí a la figura de Sonderkommandos en los campos de concentración nazi y al concepto de zona gris de Primo Levi para analizar la imagen de estas mujeres. El estudio se focaliza en el uso de la violencia sexual como instrumento correctivo y punitivo en los centros de detención chilenos. Asimismo, se estudia el cuerpo sexuado femenino y las relaciones afectivas que se presentaron entre las detenidas y sus captores.
Summoning the Ghosts: Catalan Anti-Fascist Women’s Memory in El gran vuelo (The Great Flight, 2004)
Authors: Cami-Vela María
Published: November 2020

Between the late 1930s and the 1950s, the repressive policies of the Spanish state dominated Catalan anti-fascist women with brutal and systematic strategies. Both the victims and the locations of these crimes were erased from the official annals of history. This paper will analyze how The Great Flight recovers them from oblivion. Director Carolina Astudillo resurrects their memory and reconstructs the story of Clara Pueyo Jornet who was imprisoned, tortured and sentenced to death for her clandestine work on the re-organization of the Unified Socialist Party of Catalonia.
“¿Dónde están las yales?” Reggaetón and Womanhood in the Welfare Island
Authors: Ellis Verónica Dávila
Published: November 2020

The gendered term yal has been recently employed in Puerto Rican colloquial parlance to characterize women who exhibit apparently indecent behavior. This article explores how the yal moniker has been extracted from reggaetón music and resignified through public discourse and performances. I analyze how female recipients of social welfare and federal aid in the Puerto Rican archipelago have been impacted by this classed and racialized stereotype. Paralleling the history of stereotypes employed to police African American women with the development of yal, I show how hegemonic discourses operate upon the vilification of poor women to rationalize social and economic stagnation.
O grande encarceramento feminino
Authors: Fernandes Sousa Jaqueline Aparecida
Published: November 2020

O presente trabalho é fruto das investigações realizadas ao longo do curso de Mestrado em Direito Público da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia-MG, cuja defesa ocorreu em fevereiro de 2019. Por meio de reflexões críticas, inseridas na Criminologia Feminista, foi possível analisar o panorama feminino no interior do sistema prisional. Em que pese a quantidade de leis que surgiram nos últimos anos vislumbrando mitigar o quadro de mazelas do sistema prisional, na prática, verifica-se que todo esse aparato normativo não goza de efetividade, deixando de ser aplicado cotidianamente, o que leva à violação de direitos de milhares de mulheres, mesmo aquelas custodiadas provisoriamente no cárcere. Nesse artigo privilegia-se a discussão sobre a relação entre o grande encarceramento das mulheres e a denominada feminização da pobreza, responsável, em alguma medida, pela seletividade punitiva observada também no Brasil.  

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Criminologia Feminista. Encarceramento Feminino. Política Criminal de Gênero.
A luta das mulheres negras na “fila da sacolinha”
Authors: Sousa de Jesus Andreia
Published: November 2020

Este artigo analisa a experiência de mulheres que acompanham a vida de seus filhos/filhas, irmãos/irmãs, companheiros/companheiras, e demais parentes em situação de cárcere. Pessoas estas que são, em sua maioria, negras. A administração tanto da população privada de liberdade como de seus familiares, evidencia, ainda hoje, a manutenção do pensamento colonial, que racializa os indivíduos, negando-os a cidadania e a atribuição de humanidade. Assim, é possível perceber uma exposição ao racismo estrutural, por meio de violências sistematizadas contra as mulheres negras que protagonizam o universo do cárcere, mesmo quando não são detentas. A hipótese aqui colocada é a de que uma gestão necropolítica se evidencia também no serviço de atendimento às visitas familiares dentro do cárcere.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Racismo Estrutural. Necropolítica. Mulheres Negras.
A notícia da gravidez e o “ser pai”
Authors: Fernandes Camila
Published: November 2020

Esse estudo é qualitativo e objetivou conhecer algumas sensações experimentadas pelos homens durante a gestação. Foram entrevistados dez homens que utilizavam o pré-natal no IFF/Fiocruz. As sensações verbalizadas, no geral, foram positivas, mas em alguns casos, acompanhadas por sentimentos de medo, preocupação e surpresa.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Masculinidade. Paternidade. Cuidado Pré-Natal.
Amazonas militantes, sapatas atuantes: uma introdução à condição lésbica
Authors: Schwarcke do Canto Daniela , Peres Alós Anselmo , Prestes de Oliveira Juliana
Published: November 2020

Resenha da obra O que é lesbianismo (2004), de Tania Navarro Swain.
Agressão contra mulheres e suas consequências – uma temática de interesse? bibliometria sobre violência de gênero
Authors: Pinto Cintia Loos , Christino Juliana Maria Magalhães
Published: November 2020

O objetivo deste artigo foi avaliar o perfil das publicações sobre violência contra a mulher indexadas na base de dados da Web of Science. Para tal optou-se por uma bibliometria que utilizou os softwares Citespace e VOSviewier, avaliando 4576 artigos publicados no período de 1975 a 2019.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Violência de Gênero. Violência Doméstica. Bibliometria.
Synthesis and Structure Features of Tetraphenylantimony 2,3-Difluoro- and 2,3,4,5,6-Pentafluorobenzoate
Authors:   South Ural State University, Efremov A.
Published: November 2020

Tetraphenylantimony 2,3-difluorobenzoate (1) and tetraphenylantimony 2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorobenzoate (2) was obtained by the interaction of pentaphenylantimony with 2,3-difluorobenzoic and 2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorobenzoic acids in benzene with a yield of up to 98 %. The compounds were also synthesized by the ligand redistribution reaction between pentaphenylantimony and triphenylantimony dicarboxylates. The compounds have been identified by IR spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis. According to the X-ray diffraction data, the antimony atoms in compounds 1 and 2 have a distorted trigonal-bipyramidal coordination with the oxygen atom in axial positions. X-ray diffraction analysis was performed on a D8 QUEST diffractometer (Bruker). The crystallographic parameters of the unit cell of the compounds: 1 space group Р1 ̅, а = 9.857(5), b = 10.154(7), c = 14.362(11) Å, α = 83.74(4)°, β = 82.59(3), γ = 68.34(2)°, V = 1321.9(16) Å3, ρcalc = 1.475 g/cm3, Z = 2; 2 space group Р21/с, а = 16.186(9), b = 8.771(6), c = 20.413(13) Å, α = 90.00°, β = 113.073(17), γ = 90.00°, V = 2666(3) Å3, ρcalc = 1.597 g/cm3, Z = 4. The OSbO axial angles are slightly different and amount to 177.90(5)º in 1 and 179.00(5)º in 2. The sums of the CSbC equatorial angles are 356.89(9)º (1), 355.85(7)º (2). The Sb–Ceq distances in compounds 1 and 2 are 2.116(2), 2.119(2), 2.118(2) and 2.1073(17), 2.1158(18), 2.1152(19) Å respectively, which are significantly shorter than the Sb–Сax bond lengths (2.169(2) and 2.1617(19) Å). The organization of molecules in the crystals of compounds is due to hydrogen bonds and CHπ-interactions of the aryl and carboxyl ligands. The main difference between structures 1 and 2 is the different Sb–O bond lengths (2.2864(18) and 2.3168(18) Å), which is due to an increase in the electronegativity of the carboxyl ligand in 2, caused by the presence of five electronegative fluorine atoms in the benzoate substituent. Complete tables of atom coordinates, bond lengths and valence angles are deposited at the Cambridge Crystallographic Data Center (No. 1980908 (1); 1977189 (2); deposit@ccdc.cam.ac.uk; http://www.ccdc.cam.ac.uk/data_request/cif).
Study of the Solubility of Sediments of Certain Lantanoids in Carbonate Solutions
Authors:   Saint-Petersburg Mining University, Kashurin R. , Gerasev S. , Suslov A.
Published: November 2020

The study examines the dissolution process for the precipitates of the rare-earth carbonates and phosphates with a change in the concentration parameters of the system. The objective of the study is to determine the nature of the dissolution process at variable composition of the studied solutions. As a result of the theoretical base analysis, the qualitative and quantitative content of rare-earth metals in red sludge and phosphogypsum is presented, which governs the interest in this problem under consideration. The available techniques for extraction of rare-earth metals from red sludge and phosphogypsum have also been considered, their advantages and disadvantages are presented. A promising carbonate-alkali method for the extraction of rare-earth metals has been considered. Thermodynamic parameters of the system have been calculated to determine the possibility of the process. During the experiment the factors affecting the dissolution process have been examined: the carbonate ion concentration, the nature of the solvent cation and rare-earth metal cation. Carbonates and phosphates of europium, holmium, and neodymium have been considered as the analyzed components. Carbonates and phosphates of neodymium, europium, and holmium have been dissolved in model solutions of K2CO3 with the concentrations of 0.2–4.5 mol/L until reaching equilibrium. The obtained results show the dependence of solubility of the precipitates of rare-earth metals on the solvent nature and concentration. The explored data are presented as solubility isotherms. On the basis of experimental data the values of the extraction degree of a rare-earth metal into the solution have been calculated. For neodymium, europium, and holmium carbonates, the maximum recovery degree αmax is 72.8 %, 81.2 %, 83.0 %, respectively. During the experiment with dissolution of lanthanide phosphates, the following results have been obtained: the maximal degree of neodymium extraction is 60.59%, while for europium it equals 51.66 % and 93.01 % for holmium
Tris(Para-Tolyl)Bismuth Bis(Bromodifluoroacetate). Synthesis and Structure Features
Authors:   South Ural State University, Senchurin V.
Published: November 2020

The interaction of tri(para-tolyl)bismuth with tert-butyl hydroperoxide and bromodifluoroacetic acid in diethyl ether have synthesized tris(para-tolyl)bismuth bis(bromodifluoroacetate). The X-ray diffraction pattern for the crystal has been obtained at 293 K on an automatic diffractometer D8 Quest Bruker (MoKα-radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å, graphite monochromator), the results are [C25H21O4F4Br2Bi, M 830.22, the triclinic syngony, the symmetry group P–1; cell parameters: a = 10.292(8), b = 11.752(9), c = 12.693(9) Å, α = 89.42(2) degrees, β = 78.04(3) degrees, γ = 78.04(3) degrees; V = 1424.8(18) Å3; the crystal size is 0.73×0.57×0.41 mm; intervals of reflection indexes are –13 ≤ h ≤ 13, –15 ≤ k ≤ 15, –16 ≤ l ≤ 16; total reflections 45443; independent reflections 7096; Rint 0.1030; GOOF 1.049; R1 = 0.0739, wR2 = 0.1834; residual electron density 2.11/–2.78 e/Å3], the bismuth atom have a distorted trigonal-bipyramidal coordination. The OBiO axial angle is 172.2(3) degrees; the sum of the CBiC angles in the equatorial plane is 360.6. The Bi–O and Bi–C bond lengths are 2.275(8), 2.295(8) Å and 2.187(10)–2.212(13) Å. The Bi•••O=С distances are 3.127(10) and 3.159(10) Å, which is less than the sum of the van der Waals radii of bismuth and oxygen (3.59 Å). There are no intermolecular contacts H∙∙∙Hal in the crystal. Complete tables of coordinates of atoms, bond lengths and valence angles for the structure are deposited at the Cambridge Structural Data Bank (no. 1923097; deposit@ccdc.cam.ac.uk; http: //www.ccdc.cam.ac.uk).
Structure of Organoantimony Compounds [C5H4Mn(CO)3]Sb, (4-Me2NC6H4)3SbI2, Ph3Sb[OC(O)C6H3(NO2)2-3,5]2, (3-MeC6H4)3Sb[OC(O)C6H3(NO2)2-3,5]2xPhH, and (3-FC6H4)3Sb[OC(O)C6H3(NO2)2-3,5]2xPhH
Authors:   South Ural State University, Sharutin V.
Published: November 2020

The structure of five organoantimony compounds [C5H4Mn(CO)3]Sb (1), (4-Me2NC6H4)3SbI2 (2), Ph3Sb[OC(O)C6H3(NO2)2-3,5]2 (3), (3-MeC6H4)3Sb[OC(O)C6H3(NO2)2-3,5]2PhH (4), and (3-FC6H4)3Sb[OC(O)C6H3(NO2)2-3,5]2PhH (5) was determined by X-ray diffraction analysis. X-ray diffraction of the compounds was carried out on an automatic four-circle diffractometer D8 Quest Bruker (МоКα, λ = 0.71073 Å, 293 К. [C5H4Mn(CO)3]Sb (1), crystal size 0.53×0.4×0.22 mm, R-3, a = 19.221(6), b = 19.221(6), c = 11.935(4) Å,  = 90.00, β = 90.00,  = 120.00 deg., V = 3818.6(17) Å3, Z = 2, R1 = 0.0484, wR2 = 0.0900. (4-Me2NC6H4)3SbI2 (2), crystal size 0.26 × 0.19 × 0.16 mm, Ia-3, a = 22.238(13), b = 22.238(13), c = 22.238(13) Å,  = 90.00, β = 90.00,  = 90.00 deg., V = 10997(19) Å3, Z = 48, R1 = 0.0372, wR2 = 0.0855. Ph3Sb[OC(O)C6H3(NO2)2-3,5]2 (3), crystal size 0.39×0.29×0.19 mm, P-1, a = 11.985(8), b = 12.186(7), c = 14.292(10) Å,  = 72.30(3), β = 69.64(3),  = 61.79(3) deg., V = 1699.8(19) Å3, Z = 2, R1 = 0.0388, wR2 = 0.1246. (3-MeC6H4)3Sb[OC(O)C6H3(NO2)2-3,5]2PhH (4), crystal size 0.2 × 0.17 × 0.07 mm, P-1, a = 12.654(8), b = 13.217(9), c = 14.672(13) Å,  = 64.42(3), β = 79.73(3),  = 65.66(2) deg., V = 2017(3) Å3, Z = 2, R1 = 0.0350, wR2 = 0.0870. (3-FC6H4)3Sb[OC(O)C6H3(NO2)2-3,5]2PhH (5), crystal size 0.55×0.4×0.19 мм, P-1, a = 12.34(3), b = 12.95(2), c = 14.41(2) Å,  = 81.73(6), β = 66.94(10),  = 66.31(7) deg., V = 1940(6) Å3, Z = 2, R1 = 0.0721, wR2 = 0.1558.
Iodonium Polyiodide Crystals in the Framework of Periodic Calculations with Localized Atomic Basis Sets
Authors:   South Ural State University, Yushina I. , Bartashevich E.
Published: November 2020

Methodological features of the crystal structure modeling for compounds with three-center halogen bond formed by two electron donors S–I+–S in polyiodide crystals were considered within the framework of periodic calculations based on localized atomic orbitals. The analysis of applying the different basis sets, effective core potentials, density functional theory functionals, and Grimme dispersion corrections revealed their effect on the geometric, electronic and vibrational properties obtained in calculations. Distribution of S-I bond lengths in S–I+–S fragment was analyzed. The effect of hybrid functional was demonstrated in the significant elongation of S-I distance. The treatment of dispersion interactions via Grimme approach did not significantly influence obtained results. The calculated vibration modes in medium wavenumber region of characteristic cationic stretching vibrations were validated according to experimental Raman spectra and were found to be in good agreement for C-N, C-C and C=S stretching vibrations. Small-core effective potential was shown to be effective for representation of bond lengths in S–I+–S fragment and gave reasonable results for vibrational data for cationic stretching vibrations. Taking into account relativistic effect on the level of basis set led to fine reproducibility of S-I bond lengths although in polyiodides of complex structure it should be treated with caution due to possible incorrect representation of interanionic distances.
Synthesis and Structure of Ceramics of Bisubstituted M-Type Hexaferrite BaFe(11.5-x)Ti0.5AlxO19
Authors:   South Ural State University, Solizoda I. , Zhivulin V. , Sherstyuk D. , Starikov A. , Trofimov E. , Zaitseva O. , Vinnik D. ,   Tajik National University,   South Ural State Humanitarian Pedagogical University
Published: November 2020

The development of scientific and technological progress is impossible without the creation of new functional materials. One of the classes of such materials are hexagonal ferrites. Their unique physical properties make them an irreplaceable material for the production of high-frequency electronics. The widespread introduction of high-frequency electronics into everyday life, over the past decade, has generated great interest in hexagonal ferrites. The number of publications devoted to the synthesis of mono- and bisubstituted ferrites noticeably increases every year. Modification of the chemical composition of a ferrite by replacing some of the iron atoms with another element, without changing its structure, leads to a change in physical properties of the material. Variation of the final ferrite properties, by changing its chemical composition, is of interest and is promising for fine tuning the material properties for a specific task. The aim of the present work is to experimentally study the possibility of synthesizing ferrite with a magnetoplumbite structure, in which the iron atoms are partially replaced by the Al and Ti atoms. A review of the scientific literature on this issue showed the absence of publications on ferrites with such a set of substitute elements. The X-ray phase and structural analysis, electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy were used as research methods in the present study. The article offers the results of an experimental study of the possibility of obtaining bisubstituted M-type ferrite of the BaFe(11.5-x)Ti0.5AlxO19 composition, where x (Al) = 0.1, 0.5, 1. Solid-phase synthesis has been used as a method for preparing samples. This method is devoid of technological difficulties and is promising from the point of view of its scaling for the synthesis of ferrite. The samples have been sintered at three different temperatures: 1300, 1350, and 1400 °C. It is shown that in the temperature range 1300–1400 ° C the formation of monophase samples occurs. The calculation of the parameters of the crystal lattice has been made. The influence of temperature and concentration of a substituting element on the change in the parameters of the crystal lattice of the material has been revealed. The study by the electron microscopy method made it possible to reveal the presence of latent microporosity of the samples.
INSIGHTS: THE CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK FOR BUIDING THE WORLD CLASS GOOD GOVERNANCE ETHICS
Authors: Wan Husain Wan Ahmad Fauzi
Published: November 2020

Good governance without ethics is a corpse. Both must coexist to define morality of behavior be it in individual self or group of people or an organization.  The Renaissance gave birth to schools of thought that adopted secularism to define humanity and rights even though the teaching of religions are still an essence for personal aspects of life. Hence, this paper introduces the conceptual framework for building the World class good governance ethics as articulated from the conduct of Prophet Muhammad SAW, who has been recognized as the most influential people in history by Michael H Hart. This conceptual framework will help individual as well as private and public enterprises to seek the essence of moral principles as guidance for good governance ethics. In conclusion, the World class good governance ethics is the conduct of management and behavior within an organization or individual that comply with the principles of faith, accountability, disruptive leadership, integrity, trustworthiness underpinned with the practice of consultation towards the achievement of justice
ENVIRONMENTAL NGOS INVOLVEMENT IN DISMANTLING ILLEGAL PLASTIC RECYCLING FACTORY OPERATIONS IN MALAYSIA
Authors: Shaharudin Muhammad Shabir , Fernando Yudi , Ahmed Essia Ries , Shahudin Faizah
Published: November 2020

The environmental issue is becoming an important sustainable development goal due to its devastating impact on the economy, society, and ecosystem. The need for managing environmental issues is leading a government to work closely with stakeholders such as environmental NGOs and local municipal councils. While collaboration between government and local municipal councils has been widely covered in the literature, the relationship between environmental NGOs and the government remains a complex issue. In the past, environmental NGOs have a responsibility to advise the government and create awareness to the public. However, the trend has soon changed, where environmental NGOs are becoming more active and influential in enacting policies to uphold environmental integrity. The purpose of this study is to investigate the role played by Malaysian environmental NGOs and the current states of environmental integrity in Malaysia. This study used a qualitative case study of illegal plastic recycling factories in Malaysia to achieve research objectives. The findings show that environmental NGOs in Malaysia are a mediator between the government and the public. However, environmental NGOs are now more active in influencing the public to pressure the government to uphold environmental integrity. In addition, Malaysia's environmental integrity has increased with several policies by the government for firms, and consumers are already in place and gearing towards zero plastics. An improvement from the government side should focus on an integrated waste management system to enables circular economy adoption among firms. This study novelty lies in the introduction of environmental NGOs as a mediator to foster Malaysian environmental integrity and integrated waste management
IMPLEMENTATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (EMS) IN CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY: INVESTIGATION OF SUCCESS FACTORS
Authors: Abdul Khalim Siti Maharah , Lee Chia Kuang
Published: November 2020

The number of construction activities nowadays increased rapidly due to urbanization and economic growth. The increased number of construction activities will cause adverse effects and huge impacts on the natural environment, and integrity of the construction process. Compared to the other industries, it is far behind in the implementation of the Environmental Management System (EMS). This paper aims to investigate the success factors of the implementation of EMS in the construction industry. EMS introduced several control strategies with proper management to address environmental issues caused by construction activities. This study reviewed some of the past studies related to EMS, construction industry, and also sustainable development in construction projects. EMS helps in minimizing environmental impacts by providing a framework that supports a construction company through reliable control. EMS integrates environment management into the company’s long term planning, daily operations and other quality management system.