bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pathways of degradation in rangelands in Northern Tanzania show their loss of resistance, but potential for recovery
Authors: Wiethase Joris H. , Critchlow Rob , Foley Charles , Foley Lara , Kinsey Elliot J. , Bergman Brenda G. , Osujaki Boniface , Mbwambo Zawadi , Kirway Paul Baran , Redeker Kelly R. , Hartley Susan E. , Beale Colin M.
Published: February 2023

Semiarid rangelands are identified as at high risk of degradation due to anthropogenic pressure and climate change. Through tracking timelines of degradation we aimed to identify whether degradation results from a loss of resistance to environmental shocks, or loss of recovery, both of which are important prerequisites for restoration. Here we combined extensive field surveys with remote sensing data to explore whether long-term changes in grazing potential demonstrate loss of resistance (ability to maintain function despite pressure) or loss of recovery (ability to recover following shocks). To monitor degradation, we created a bare ground index: a measure of grazeable vegetation cover visible in satellite imagery, allowing for machine learning based image classification. We found that locations that ended up the most degraded tended to decline in condition more during years of widespread degradation but maintained their recovery potential. These results suggest that resilience in rangelands is lost through declines in resistance, rather than loss of recovery potential. We show that the long-term rate of degradation correlates negatively with rainfall and positively with human population and livestock density, and conclude that sensitive land and grazing management could enable restoration of degraded landscapes, given their retained ability to recover.
Prevalence of family history of cancer in the NC-CCAPH consortium of Japan
Authors: Abe Sarah Krull , Ihira Hikaru , Minami Tetsuji , Imatoh Takuya , Inoue Yosuke , Tsutsumimoto Kota , Kobayashi Nozomu , Kashima Rena , Konishi Maki , Doi Takehiko , Teramoto Masayuki , Kabe Isamu , Lee Sangyoon , Watanabe Makoto , Dohi Seitaro , Sakai Yukie , Nishita Yukiko , Morisaki Naho , Tachimori Hisateru , Kokubo Yoshihiro , Yamaji Taiki , Shimada Hiroyuki , Mizoue Tetsuya , Sawada Norie , Tsugane Shoichiro , Iwasaki Motoki , Inoue Manami
Published: February 2023

The objective of this study was to identify the prevalence of family history of cancer using cohorts participating in the Japanese National Center Cohort Collaborative for Advancing Population Health (NC-CCAPH). We pooled data from seven eligible cohorts of the Collaborative with available data on family history of cancer. Prevalence of family history of cancer and corresponding 95% confidence intervals are presented for all cancers and selected site-specific cancers for the total population and stratified by sex, age, and birth cohort. Prevalence of family history of cancer increased with age ranging from 10.51% in the 15 to 39 year age category to 47.11% in 70-year-olds. Overall prevalence increased in birth cohorts from ≤ 1929 until 1960 and decreased for the next two decades. Gastric cancer (11.97%) was the most common site recorded for family members, followed by colorectal and lung (5.75%), prostate (4.37%), breast (3.43%) and liver (3.05%) cancer. Women consistently had a higher prevalence of family history of cancer (34.32%) versus men (28.75%). Almost one in three participants had a family history of cancer in this Japanese consortium study highlighting the importance of early and targeted cancer screening services.
Apparent increase in lip size influences two-point discrimination
Authors: Ambron Elisabetta , Coslett H. Branch
Published: February 2023

Magnified vision of one’s body part has been shown to improve tactile discrimination. We used an anesthetic cream (AC) to determine if somesthetic stimulation that alters the perception of the size of one’s body would also improve two point-discrimination (2PD). In Experiment 1, application of AC caused an increase in perceived lip size and an improvement in a 2PD. As perceived lip size increased, subjects became more accurate in identifying that they had been touched in two locations. Experiment 2 confirmed this effect in a larger sample and introduced a control condition (no AC) that demonstrated that the change in performance was not attributable to practice or familiarity with the task. In Experiment 3, we showed that both AC and moisturizing cream improved subjects’ ability to indicate that they had been touched in 2 locations, but the improvement was modulated by perceived lip size only for AC. These results support the idea that changes in the body representation influence 2PD.
Reliability and validity of ultrasonographic automated length measurement system for assessing talofibular anterior instability in acute lateral ankle sprain
Authors: Kawabata Masashi , Kumazawa Yusuke , Takagi Kazuya , Okada Hirokazu , Miyatake Kazuma , Kobayashi Takumi , Nanri Yuta , Kenmoku Tomonori , Watanabe Hiroyuki , Takahira Naonobu
Published: February 2023

Ankle joint instability after acute lateral ankle sprain (LAS) is an important factor for deciding treatment strategies. Nevertheless, the degree of ankle joint mechanical instability as a criterion for making clinical decisions is unclear. This study examined the reliability and validity of an Automated Length Measurement System (ALMS) in ultrasonography for assessing real-time anterior talofibular distance. Using a phantom model, we tested whether ALMS could detect two points within a landmark following movement of the ultrasonographic probe. Furthermore, we examined whether ALMS was comparable with the manual measurement method for 21 patients with an acute LAS (42 ankles) during the reverse anterior drawer test. Using the phantom model, ALMS measurements showed excellent reliability, with errors below 0.4 mm and with a small variance. The ALMS measurement was comparable to manually measured values (ICC = 0.53–0.71, p < 0.001) and detected differences in talofibular joint distances between unaffected and affected ankles of 1.41 mm (p < 0.001). ALMS shortened the measurement time by one-thirteenth for one sample compared to the manual measurement (p < 0.001). ALMS could be used to standardize and simplify ultrasonographic measurement methods for dynamic joint movements without human error in clinical applications.
Neuroendocrine and psychophysiological investigation of the evolutionary roots of gossip
Authors: Rudnicki Konrad , Spacova Irina , Backer Charlotte De , Dricot Caroline E. M. K. , Lebeer Sarah , Poels Karolien
Published: February 2023

This study investigates an evolutionary hypothesis of gossip postulating that in humans it serves a similar function as social grooming in other primates. It examines whether gossip decreases physiological markers of stress and increases markers of positive emotionality and sociability. Dyads of friends (N = 66) recruited at the university, participated in an experiment where they experienced a stressor followed by social interaction (gossip or control task). Individual levels of salivary cortisol and $$\beta$$
β
-endorphins were assessed at before and after social interactions. Sympathetic activity and parasympathetic activity were monitored throughout the experiment. Individual differences in Tendency and Attitude towards Gossip were investigated as potential covariates. Gossip condition was characterized with increased sympathetic and parasympathetic activity, but did not differ in cortisol or $$\beta$$
β
-endorphins levels. However, high Tendency to Gossip was associated with decreases in cortisol. Gossip was shown to be more emotionally salient than non-social talk, but the evidence with regard to lowering stress was not sufficient to support an analogy to social grooming.
Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 is not a major causative factor for exacerbation in a mouse model of SARS-CoV-2 infection
Authors: Nakayama Takashin , Azegami Tatsuhiko , Kiso Maki , Imai Masaki , Uraki Ryuta , Hayashi Kaori , Hishikawa Akihito , Yoshimoto Norifumi , Nakamichi Ran , Sugita-Nishimura Erina , Yoshida-Hama Eriko , Kawaoka Yoshihiro , Itoh Hiroshi
Published: February 2023

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) remains a global pandemic. Although several vaccines targeting SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins protect against COVID-19 infection, mutations affecting virus transmissibility and immune evasion potential have reduced their efficacy, leading to the need for a more efficient strategy. Available clinical evidence regarding COVID-19 suggests that endothelial dysfunction with thrombosis is a central pathogenesis of progression to systemic disease, in which overexpression of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) may be important. Here we developed a novel peptide vaccine against PAI-1 and evaluated its effect on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced sepsis and SARS-CoV-2 infection in mice. Administration of LPS and mouse-adapted SARS-CoV-2 increased serum PAI-1 levels, although the latter showed smaller levels. In an LPS-induced sepsis model, mice immunized with PAI-1 vaccine showed reduced organ damage and microvascular thrombosis and improved survival compared with vehicle-treated mice. In plasma clot lysis assays, vaccination-induced serum IgG antibodies were fibrinolytic. However, in a SARS-CoV-2 infection model, survival and symptom severity (i.e., body weight reduction) did not differ between vaccine- and vehicle-treated groups. These results indicate that although PAI-1 may promote the severity of sepsis by increasing thrombus formation, it might not be a major contributor to COVID-19 exacerbation.
Challenges with interpreting the impact of Atlantic Multidecadal Variability using SST-restoring experiments
Authors: O’Reilly Christopher H. , Patterson Matthew , Robson Jon , Monerie Paul Arthur , Hodson Daniel , Ruprich-Robert Yohan
Published: February 2023

Climate model simulations that restore SSTs in the North Atlantic have been used to explore the climate impacts of Atlantic Multidecadal Variability (AMV). However, despite simulations and observations exhibiting similar North Atlantic SST anomalies, experiments with active SST-restoring in the Tropical North Atlantic exhibit strong positive surface heat-fluxes out of the ocean with warm SST anomalies, which is not replicated in other simulations or observations. The upward surface heat-fluxes that are systematically driven by the active SST-restoring in the Tropical North Atlantic are found to be crucial for generating a strong local precipitation response and the associated remote impact on the Pacific Walker circulation; these are both absent in other simulations. The results of this study strongly suggest that experiments employing SST-restoring (or prescribed SSTs) in the Tropical North Atlantic exaggerate the influence of the Atlantic on patterns of global climate anomalies and its role in recent multidecadal SST trends.
Nanoscale imaging of CD47 informs how plasma membrane modifications shape apoptotic cell recognition
Authors: Dufour Samy , Tacnet-Delorme Pascale , Kleman Jean-Philippe , Glushonkov Oleksandr , Thielens Nicole , Bourgeois Dominique , Frachet Philippe
Published: February 2023

CD47 recognized by its macrophage receptor SIRPα serves as a “don’t eat-me” signal protecting viable cells from phagocytosis. How this is abrogated by apoptosis-induced changes in the plasma membrane, concomitantly with exposure of phosphatidylserine and calreticulin “eat-me“ signals, is not well understood. Using STORM imaging and single-particle tracking, we interrogate how the distribution of these molecules on the cell surface correlates with plasma membrane alteration, SIRPα binding, and cell engulfment by macrophages. Apoptosis induces calreticulin clustering into blebs and CD47 mobility. Modulation of integrin affinity impacts CD47 mobility on the plasma membrane but not the SIRPα binding, whereas CD47/SIRPα interaction is suppressed by cholesterol destabilization. SIRPα no longer recognizes CD47 localized on apoptotic blebs. Overall, the data suggest that disorganization of the lipid bilayer at the plasma membrane, by inducing inaccessibility of CD47 possibly due to a conformational change, is central to the phagocytosis process.
1,3a,6a-Triazapentalene derivatives as photo-induced cytotoxic small fluorescent dyes
Authors: Tsuji Daisuke , Nakayama Atsushi , Yamamoto Riko , Nagano Shuji , Taniguchi Takashi , Sato Ryota , Karanjit Sangita , Muguruma Naoki , Takayama Tetsuji , Itoh Kohji , Namba Kosuke
Published: February 2023

1,3a,6a-Triazapentalene (TAP) is a compact fluorescent chromophore whose fluorescence properties vary greatly depending on the substituents on the TAP ring. This study investigated the photo-induced cytotoxicities of various TAP derivatives. Among the derivatives, 2-p-nitrophenyl-TAP showed significant cytotoxicity to HeLa cells under UV irradiation but no cytotoxicity without UV. In addition, the photo-induced cytotoxicity of 2-p-nitirophenyl-TAP was found to be cancer cell selective and effective against HeLa cells and HCT 116 cells. Under UV irradiation, 2-p-nitrophenyl-TAP generated reactive oxygen species (ROS) that induced an apoptosis and ferroptosis in cancer cells. Therefore, it was revealed that 2-p-nitrophenyl-TAP is the most compact dye that can generate ROS by photoirradiation.
Conductance spectroscopy of Majorana zero modes in superconductor-magnetic insulator nanowire hybrid systems
Authors: Singh Roshni , Muralidharan Bhaskaran
Published: February 2023

There has been recent interest in superconductor-magnetic insulator hybrid Rashba nanowire setups for potentially hosting Majorana zero modes at smaller external Zeeman fields. Using the non-equilibrium Green’s function technique, we develop a quantum transport model that accounts for the interplay between the quasiparticle dynamics in the superconductor-magnetic insulator bilayer structure and the transport processes through the Rashba nanowire. We provide an analysis of three-terminal setups to probe the local and non-local conductance in clean and disordered nanowires. We uncover the gap closing and reopening followed by the emergence of near-zero energy states, which can be attributed to topological zero modes in the clean limit. In the presence of a disordered potential, trivial Andreev bound states may form with signatures reminiscent of topological zero modes. Our results provide transport-based analysis of regimes that support the formation of Majorana modes in these hybrid systems while investigating the effect of disorder on devices.
An interactive model to assess pathways for agriculture and food sector contributions to country-level net-zero targets
Authors: Baudry Gino , Costa Luis , Di Lucia Lorenzo , Slade Raphael
Published: February 2023

The Food and agriculture system plays a determining role in many countries ambitions to achieve net-zero by 2050. Sector pathways consistent with this objective most frequently describe sustainable intensification as the dominant response. This narrows the option space for the agricultural sector and restricts its ability to address multiple sustainability issues simultaneously. Here we present an interactive model ARISE (AgRIculture and food SystEm interactive model) which allows stakeholders to design complementary food and agriculture sector pathways and build consensus. As a first case study, we provided an environment-oriented NGO assessment of a UK agroecology pathway and evaluate the benefits in comparison with alternative pathways available in the literature and developed by the UK Government. This shows how the ARISE model can enable the exploration of critical trade-offs between the multiple sustainability objectives.
Metagenomic and machine learning-aided identification of biomarkers driving distinctive Cd accumulation features in the root-associated microbiome of two rice cultivars
Authors: Cheng Zhongyi , Zheng Qiang , Shi Jiachun , He Yan , Yang Xueling , Huang Xiaowei , Wu Laosheng , Xu Jianming
Published: February 2023

Developing low-cadmium (Cd) rice cultivars has emerged as a promising avenue for food safety in Cd-contaminated farmlands. The root-associated microbiomes of rice have been shown to enhance rice growth and alleviate Cd stress. However, the microbial taxon-specific Cd resistance mechanisms underlying different Cd accumulation characteristics between different rice cultivars remain largely unknown. This study compared low-Cd cultivar XS14 and hybrid rice cultivar YY17 for Cd accumulation with five soil amendments. The results showed that XS14 was characterized by more variable community structures and stable co-occurrence networks in the soil-root continuum compared to YY17. The stronger stochastic processes in assembly of the XS14 (~25%) rhizosphere community than that of YY17 (~12%) suggested XS14 may have higher resistance to changes in soil properties. Microbial co-occurrence networks and machine learning models jointly identified keystone indicator microbiota, such as Desulfobacteria in XS14 and Nitrospiraceae in YY17. Meanwhile, genes involved in sulfur cycling and nitrogen cycling were observed among the root-associated microbiome of these two cultivars, respectively. Microbiomes in the rhizosphere and root of XS14 showed a higher diversity in functioning, with the significant enrichment of functional genes related to amino acid and carbohydrate transport and metabolism, and sulfur cycling. Our findings revealed differences and similarities in the microbial communities associated with two rice cultivars, as well as bacterial biomarkers predictive of Cd-accumulation capacity. Thus, we provide new insights into taxon-specific recruitment strategies of two rice cultivars under Cd stress and highlight the utility of biomarkers in offering clues for enhancing crop resilience to Cd stresses in the future.
Alignment and photooxidation dynamics of a perylene diimide chromophore in lipid bilayers
Authors: Sinambela Novitasari , Jacobi Richard , Hernández-Castillo David , Hofmeister Elisabeth , Hagmeyer Nina , Dietzek-Ivanšić Benjamin , González Leticia , Pannwitz Andrea
Published: February 2023

Enabling the photochemical redox process of organic chromophores in water.
Aza-bicyclooctadiene/tetracyclooctane couples as promising photoswitches for molecular solar thermal energy storage applications
Authors: Sangolkar Akanksha Ashok , Faizan Mohmmad , Krishna Kadiyam Rama , Pawar Ravinder
Published: February 2023

The position of N in the aza-BOD/TCO photoswitching systems govern the thermochemical and photophysical properties for molecular solar thermal energy storage application.
Single-particle optical study on the effect of chloride post-treatment of MAPbI3 nano/microcrystals
Authors: Jin Handong , Mukherjee Amitrajit , Chouhan Lata , Steele Julian A. , de Jong Flip , Gao Yujie , Roeffaers Maarten B. J. , Hofkens Johan , Debroye Elke
Published: February 2023

MACl post-treatment of MAPbI3 nanoparticles in a mixed solvent successfully suppresses surface traps, associated with an improved PL intensity and lifetime, brighter and longer ON-states in PL blinking, and a more stable, enhanced photocurrent.
Polyoxometalate supported on a magnetic Fe3O4/MIL-88A rod-like nanocomposite as an adsorbent for the removal of ciprofloxacin, tetracycline and cationic organic dyes from aqueous solutions
Authors: Ashrafi Mona , Farhadi Saeed
Published: February 2023

A magnetic Fe3O4/MIL-88A Fe rod-like nanocomposite containing H3PW12O40 was fabricated and applied as a new magnetically recoverable ternary adsorbent to remove antibiotics and dyes from aqueous solutions.
Aromaticity: Quo Vadis
Authors: Merino Gabriel , Solà Miquel , Fernández Israel , Foroutan-Nejad Cina , Lazzeretti Paolo , Frenking Gernot , Anderson Harry L. , Sundholm Dage , Cossío Fernando P. , Petrukhina Marina A. , Wu Jishan , Wu Judy I. , Restrepo Albeiro
Published: February 2023

In this perspective, different expert opinions are gathered on the definition and concept of aromaticity.
Engineering intraporous solvent environments: effects of aqueous-organic solvent mixtures on competition between zeolite-catalyzed epoxidation and H2O2 decomposition pathways
Authors: Potts David S. , Torres Chris , Kwon Ohsung , Flaherty David W.
Published: February 2023

A combination of kinetic, thermodynamic, and spectroscopic techniques demonstrates that increasing the water fraction within organic solvents accelerates alkene epoxidations while suppressing the undesired H2O2 decomposition pathway.
Sustainable robust waste-recycled ocean water-resistant fly ash-carbon nanotube nanocomposite-based triboelectric nanogenerator
Authors: Chaturvedi Ashish Kumar , Badatya Simadri , Pappu Asokan , Srivastava Avanish Kumar , Gupta Manoj Kumar
Published: February 2023

Herein, for the first time, we have successfully converted waste materials into a novel, sustainable, robust, ocean water- and thermal-resistant high-performance triboelectric nanogenerator device using fly ash waste and carbon nanotubes to scavenge mechanical energy.
Rapid preparation of N,B-codoped carbon quantum dot based films with strong two-photon absorption and optical limiting effect
Authors: Zheng Jingxia , Cao Zheyong , Lei Mingxiu , Nie Zhongquan , Yang Yongzhen , Liu Xuguang , Xu Bingshe
Published: February 2023

Strong two-photon absorption N,B-CQDs with high crystallinity prepared via a quick microwave method and their films have shown important application value in the optical limiting fields.
A comprehensive review of cathode materials for Na–air batteries
Authors: Mao Pengcheng , Arandiyan Hamidreza , Mofarah Sajjad S. , Koshy Pramod , Pozo-Gonzalo Cristina , Zheng Runguo , Wang Zhiyuan , Wang Yuan , Bhargava Suresh K. , Sun Hongyu , Shao Zongping , Liu Yanguo
Published: February 2023

In recent years, rechargeable sodium–air batteries have attracted extensive attention and developed rapidly for electrochemical energy storage applications due to low costs, abundance of precursor resources, and high energy density.
Theoretical exploration of the origin of selectivity for the oxidative carbonylation reaction catalyzed by a single Pd atom embedded on graphene
Authors: Lin Shujuan , Xu Zhong-Ning , Lin Jing , Guo Guo-Cong
Published: February 2023

A Pd–COOCH3 species in the vapor-phase carbonylation of methyl nitrite is revealed to have two-fold reactivity, where the nucleophilicity of the Pd–C bond enables C–C coupling to give DMO and the electrophilicity of the π* orbital facilitates C–O coupling to afford DMC.
Human skin oil: a major ozone reactant indoors
Authors: Weschler Charles J. , Nazaroff William W
Published: February 2023

Much of the ozone that enters buildings reacts with human skin oils, both on occupants and on other surfaces. Products of these reactions influence human chemical exposures.
LaAeAl3S7(Ae = Ca, Sr): Cairo pentagonal layered thioaluminates achieving a good balance between a strong second harmonic generation response and a wide bandgap
Authors: Xu Jingjing , Wu Kui , Zhang Bingbing , Yu Haohai , Zhang Huaijin
Published: February 2023

LaAeAl3S7IR NLO thioaluminates with unprecedented Cairo pentagonal layers exhibit a good balance between a strong SHG response and a wide bandgap.
Tetracycline degradation mechanism of peroxymonosulfate activated by oxygen-doped carbon nitride
Authors: Wang Liquan , Li Ruyi , Zhang Yimin , Gao Yuexiang , Xiao Xian , Zhang Zhiwei , Chen Ting , Zhao Yuan
Published: February 2023

In this study, oxygen-doped carbon nitride (O–C3N4) was prepared by thermal polymerization and was applied to activate peroxymonosulfate (PMS) for tetracycline (TC) degradation.
Correction: Anaerobic oxidation of aldehydes to carboxylic acids under hydrothermal conditions
Authors: Liao Yiju , Aspin Alexandria , Yang Ziming
Published: February 2023

Correction for ‘Anaerobic oxidation of aldehydes to carboxylic acids under hydrothermal conditions’ by Yiju Liao et al., RSC Adv., 2022, 12, 1738–1741, https://doi.org/10.1039/D1RA08444E.
1-Azahomocubane
Authors: Fahrenhorst-Jones Tyler , Marshall David L. , Burns Jed. M. , Pierens Gregory K. , Hormann Robert E. , Fisher Allison M. , Bernhardt Paul V. , Blanksby Stephen J. , Savage G. Paul , Eaton Philip E. , Williams Craig M.
Published: February 2023

1-Azahomocubane has been prepared 56 years after the parent hydrocarbon. Introduction of a nitrogen atom into this constrained polycyclic environment resulted in minimal changes to the framework geometry, with s-character of the nitrogen lone pair increasing due to strain.
All-in-One digital microfluidics pipeline for proteomic sample preparation and analysis
Authors: Peng Jiaxi , Chan Calvin , Zhang Shuailong , Sklavounos Alexandros A. , Olson Maxwell E. , Scott Erica Y. , Hu Yechen , Rajesh Vigneshwar , Li Bingyu B. , Chamberlain M. Dean , Zhang Shen , Peng Hui , Wheeler Aaron R.
Published: February 2023

The All-in-One digital microfluidic pipeline allows for end-to-end automation of processing and analysis of mass-limited proteomic samples.
Biomass chitosan-derived Co-induced N-doped carbon nanotubes to support Mn3O4 as efficient electrocatalysts for rechargeable Zn–air batteries
Authors: Zhou Wenshu , Liu Yanyan , Wu Dichao , Zhou Limin , Zhang Gaoyue , Sun Kang , Li Baojun , Jiang Jianchun
Published: February 2023

Co-induced N-doped carbon nanotubes to support Mn3O4 as efficient ORR/OER catalysts is fabricated successfully. The special structure and the synergistic effects among Mn3O4, Co and NCNT endow the composite with the excellent ORR/OER performance.
Promoting ambient ammonia electrosynthesis on modulated Cuδ+catalysts by B-doping
Authors: Wu Limin , Zhang Libing , Liu Shoujie , Feng Jiaqi , Xu Liang , Tan Xingxing , Ma Xiaodong , Sun Xiaofu
Published: February 2023

B doping modified the local electronic structure of Cu with appropriate positive valence. B-doped Cuδ+sites decreased the reaction barrier and facilitated the formation of key intermediates, leading to high catalytic activity for NO3−-to-NH3.
Machine learning-inspired battery material innovation
Authors: Ng Man-Fai , Sun Yongming , Seh Zhi Wei
Published: February 2023

Data-driven machine learning is a proven technique for battery material discovery and enables the development of sustainable next-generation batteries.
Comparing Interventions With Speech-Generating Devices and Other Augmentative and Alternative Communication Modes: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Pak Natalie S. , Bailey Kathryn M. , Ledford Jennifer R. , Kaiser Ann P.
Published: February 2023

Purpose:

Optimal augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) systems for children with complex communication needs depend in part on child characteristics, child preferences, and features of the systems themselves. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to describe and synthesize single case design studies comparing young children’s acquisition of communication skills with speech-generating devices (SGDs) and other AAC modes.

Method:

A systematic search of published and gray literature was conducted. Data related to study details, rigor, participant characteristics, design information, and outcomes were coded for each study. A random effects multilevel meta-analysis was performed using log response ratios as effect sizes.

Results:

Nineteen single case experimental design studies with 66 participants (
M
age
= 4.9 years) met inclusion criteria. All but one study featured requesting as the primary dependent variable. Visual analysis and meta-analysis indicated no differences between use of SGDs and picture exchange for children learning to request. Children demonstrated preferences for and learned to request more successfully with SGDs than with manual sign. Children who preferred picture exchange also learned to request more easily with picture exchange than with SGDs.

Conclusions:

Young children with disabilities may be able to request equally well with SGDs and picture exchange systems in structured contexts. More research is needed comparing AAC modes with diverse participants, communication functions, linguistic complexity, and learning contexts.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.22111181
Using Reference Values to Identify Profiles of Swallowing Impairment in a Case Series of Individuals With Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Valenzano Teresa J. , Smaoui Sana , Peladeau-Pigeon Melanie , Barbon Carly E. A. , Craven B. Cathy , Steele Catriona M.
Published: February 2023

Purpose:

In this article, we illustrate use of a systematic approach to rating videofluoroscopic swallowing studies (VFSS), the Analysis of Swallowing Physiology: Events, Kinematics and Timing (ASPEKT) method. The method is applied to a clinical case series of individuals with a history of traumatic spinal cord injury (tSCI) requiring surgical intervention using a posterior approach. Previous studies suggest that swallowing is highly variable in this population given heterogeneity in mechanisms, location and extent of injury, and in surgical management approaches.

Method:

The case series involved 6 individuals who were at least 1 month postsurgery for management of tSCI. Participants completed a VFSS using a standardized bolus protocol. Each VFSS was blindly rated in duplicate using the ASPEKT method and compared with published reference values.

Results:

The analysis revealed considerable heterogeneity across this clinical sample. Penetration–aspiration scale scores of 3 or higher were not observed in this cohort. Of note, patterns of impairment did emerge, suggesting there are some commonalities across profiles in this population, including the presence of residue associated with poor pharyngeal constriction, reduced upper esophageal opening diameter, and short upper esophageal sphincter opening duration.

Conclusions:

Although the participants in this clinical sample shared a history of tSCI requiring surgical intervention using a posterior approach, there was great heterogeneity in swallowing profile. Using a systematic method to identify atypical swallowing parameters can guide clinical decision making for determining rehabilitative targets and measuring swallowing outcomes.
Investigation of influence of grinding wheel and cutting parameters on surface roughness and surface hardening when relieving grinding the gear milling teeth surface based on the Archimedes' spiral
Authors: Nguyen Huy Kien , Dong Pham Van , Tran Ve Quoc
Published: February 2023

3D surfaces based on the Archimedes' spiral are widely used in mechanical engineering, especially in the manufacturing the gear milling cutters. The machining process to create this type of surface is usually performed in specialized machines. In this study, relieving grinding process was conducted to machine the Archimedes surface of HSS P18 workpiece material using a specialized machine (1Б811) to investigate the influence of the grinding wheel graininess (G), hardness of grinding wheel (Hd), grinding wheel velocity (V), and feedrate (s) on surface quality including surface roughness (Ra) and surface hardening (ΔHRC). The experimental plan with 27 experiments (L27) was designed using the Taguchi method. Applying the analysis of variance (ANOVA), the influence of G, V, s, and Hd on Ra and ΔHRC was investigated. G, V, s, and Hd have different influences on Ra and ΔHRC in the relieving grinding process. V has the greatest influence on Ra and ΔHRC with 40.96% for Ra and 26.43% for ΔHRC. The grinding wheel hardness that has the lowest influence on Ra (0.82%), whereas the feedrate has a negligible effect on ΔHRC (7.01%). The interaction effect of the input parameters on Ra is not significant (2.91%). However, for ΔHRC, the interaction influence degree of these parameters on this criterion is quite high (33.77%). From the experimental data, Ra and ΔHRC were presented as a quadratic function of G, V, s, and Hd with high values of determination coefficient (R2 = 92.75% for Ra and R2 = 92.00% for ΔHRC). In the surveyed range of the input parameters, Ra decreases if G and V increase, and s decreases. Also in this survey range, the hardening increases if the values of the input parameters (G, V, and s) increase. This study also determined that there is no clear rule about the relationship between Ra and ΔHRC. Further studies need to be carried out to find the input optimal values ensuring the quality criteria of the relieving grinding process.
Programme de formation de formateur en simulation interprofessionnelle
Authors: Wiesner Conti Joanne , Picchiottino Patricia , Doureradjam Robert , Bosson Jean-Pierre , Paignon Adeline
Published: February 2023

Contexte : Les professionnels et futurs professionnels de la santé ont pour mission de délivrer des soins sûrs et de qualité malgré la complexité croissante des problèmes de santé que présente la population. La collaboration interprofessionnelle est une des solutions prometteuses pour répondre, à long terme, à ces enjeux sanitaires et démographiques. En réponse à ces défis, le Centre interprofessionnel de simulation (CiS) a développé la simulation interprofessionnelle pour enseigner la collaboration interprofessionnelle aux étudiants des différentes filières de formation en santé ainsi qu’aux professionnels en activité. Problématique : Une enquête conduite au CiS a confirmé que la facilitation de simulations interprofessionnelles est particulièrement exigeante pour les formateurs et ce d’autant plus qu’ils l’effectuent en binômes interprofessionnels. Description du programme : Le CiS a donc développé un programme original de formation de formateurs en simulations interprofessionnelles pour leur permettre d’être à la fois efficaces et à l’aise lors de ces enseignements interprofessionnels. Ce programme se décline en trois niveaux : facilitation de simulation, éducation interprofessionnelle et co-facilitation de simulation interprofessionnelle. Au terme de la formation, il est attendu que les formateurs disposent des connaissances et compétences nécessaires à la co-facilitation de simulation interprofessionnelle. Les évaluations reflètent une haute qualité de la formation, avec une adéquation élevée de réponse aux besoins des formateurs. Ceux-ci indiquent augmenter leur niveau de compétences et de connaissances tant en facilitation de simulation qu’en enseignement interprofessionnel. Conclusion : Les formateurs formés sont de meilleurs vecteurs pour le transfert des compétences en collaboration interprofessionnelle auprès des étudiants et dans les milieux cliniques.
Intérêt d’un dispositif pédagogique de type Jigsaw ou « classe puzzle » en formation initiale d’orthophonie
Authors: Privat Lisa , Laloi Aude , Gatignol Peggy , Borel Stéphanie
Published: February 2023

Contexte : La méthode Jigsaw ou « classe puzzle » est une approche pédagogique développée aux États-Unis qui redéfinit les rôles de chacun, enseignants et apprenants, dans l’apprentissage. Nous l’avons appliquée à la formation à la lecture labiale des étudiantes de troisième année d’orthophonie. But : Le but était d’évaluer l’efficacité en termes d’amélioration des compétences et la perception de l’intérêt pédagogique de cette méthode par les étudiantes de troisième année du premier cycle d’études en orthophonie. Cet enseignement a été proposé en visioconférence pendant la crise sanitaire. Méthodes : Six groupes de 18 étudiantes ont participé aux enseignements sous forme de deux séances de travaux dirigés. L’évaluation et l’auto-évaluation de la lecture labiale, ainsi que le retour sur le procédé pédagogique ont été recueillis de façon anonyme. Résultats : La compétence en lecture labiale et le sentiment d’auto-efficacité s’améliorent après les deux séances de travaux dirigés. Le procédé pédagogique est jugé intéressant, dynamique et concret par les étudiantes. Conclusion : L’approche Jigsaw a permis de rendre l’enseignement de lecture labiale plus vivant et d’améliorer les compétences des étudiantes de troisième année d’orthophonie. Des études ultérieures permettront de comparer l’efficacité de cette approche par rapport aux méthodes pédagogiques traditionnellement utilisées en formation paramédicale, à savoir l’enseignement magistral et les travaux dirigés axés sur la discussion de cas cliniques.
Tonometrie: Rückblick und Ausblick (Teil 2)
Authors: Yaïci Rémi , Geerling Gerd
Published: February 2023

In 2. Teil des Beitrags werden die sonstigen Kontakttonometer und die Nonkontakttonometrie präsentiert. Es wird anhand einer Revue der Literatur über den klinischen Wert der verschiedenen Methoden und den Wert der Multimodalität in der Tonometrie diskutiert; ferner werden die letzten Innovationen mit den telemetrischen IOD-Sensoren eingeführt.
Empfehlungen bei progredienter Myopie im Kindes- und Jugendalter
Authors:   Berufsverband der Augenärzte Deutschlands e. V. (BVA),   Deutsche Ophthalmologische Gesellschaft (DOG),   Bielschowsky Gesellschaft für Schielforschung und Neuroophthalmologie
Published: February 2023

Seit der letzten und gleichzeitig ersten Stellungnahme der deutschen ophthalmologischen Fachgesellschaften zu den Möglichkeiten der Minderung von Myopieprogression im Kindes- und
Jugendalter haben sich in der klinischen Forschung viele neue Details und Aspekte ergeben. Die nun vorliegende, zweite Stellungnahme aktualisiert das bisherige Dokuments und konkretisiert
die Empfehlungen sowohl zum Seh- und Leseverhalten als auch zu den pharmakologischen und optischen Therapieoptionen, die in der Zwischenzeit sowohl verfeinert als auch neu entwickelt
wurden.
Preferences and Satisfaction Toward an Orthodontic Clinical App
Authors: Thiradilok Sasipa , Witayabusarakhum Praeopailin , Jearnsujitwimon Oranut , Manopatanakul Somchai
Published: February 2023

Objectives To promote the development of professional orthodontic apps and to grow app engagement, many contributing factors should first be scrutinized. The main purpose of this research was to assess whether gap analysis facilitates strategic app design.

Materials and Methods Gap analysis was first conducted to reveal users' preferences. Then, the OrthoAnalysis app was developed on an Android operating system using Java programming language. Finally, a self-administered survey was issued to 128 orthodontic specialists to assess their satisfaction toward usage of the app.

Statistical Analysis The content validity of the questionnaire was ascertained using an index of Item-Objective Congruence of more than 0.5. The reliability of the questionnaire was also analyzed with Cronbach's Alpha reliability coefficient (ɑ = 0.87).

Results Besides the most important factor, “content,” many issues were listed, and all were required to engage users. A strong and engaging app should show accurate, trustworthy, and practical clinical analysis that operates smoothly and fast with ease, along with a user-friendly, appealing, and trustworthy interface. In short, because of the preliminary gap analysis that was done to evaluate the potential app engagement power prior to app design, the result of the satisfaction assessment showed that nine traits including overall satisfaction were of high levels.

Conclusions Orthodontic specialists' preferences were assessed using gap analysis and an orthodontic app was designed and appraised. This article presents the orthodontic specialists' preferences and summarizes the process of achieving app satisfaction. Therefore, to create a clinical app with strong engagement power, a strategic initial plan using gap analysis can be recommended.
Combined Endoscopic–Laparoscopic Surgery (CELS) in the Management of Early Colorectal Lesions
Authors: Wlodarczyk Jordan R. , Lee Sang W.
Published: February 2023

Over 14 million colonoscopies are performed annually in the United States. With the growing number of colonoscopies comes corresponding increases in the rates of colectomies performed for benign polyps. These advanced adenomas have the potential, if removed early, to promote decreased rates of colon cancer and improve patient survival. Difficult to resect polyps may be located at colonic flexures, tortuous turns in the colon, the ileocecal valve, or the appendiceal orifice presenting a unique challenge to endoscopic resection. Various advanced endoscopic techniques are now available for the resection of these polyps such as endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) and endoscopic submucosal dissection, but these techniques have a steep learning curve and are technically challenging. For the community colorectal surgeon, relatively simpler options include combined endoscopic and laparoscopic surgery (CELS) and full-thickness laparo-endoscopic colonic excision (FLEX) for either the endoscopic or laparoscopic removal of challenging polyps. The FLEX procedure resembled a nonanatomic wedge resection of the colon with polyp, while CELS resembles a laparoscopically augmented EMR. With the technical success rate for CELS reportedly between 74 and 97%, the postoperative complication rate of less than 5%, and polyp recurrence rates bordering less than 2%, these procedures have the capacity to safely facilitate the complete removal of difficult-to-resect endoscopic polyps. The purpose of this review is to both provide recommendations for CELS and FLEX utilization for the resection of polyps and describe our operative techniques and tips and tools for increasing the efficacy of these procedures.
Does Construct Type Matter? A Retrospective Review Comparing Outcomes of Distal Radius Fractures Treated with Standard Volar Plating versus Fragment-Specific Fixation
Authors: Bowers Mitchell , Gruenberger Eric , Jardaly Achraf H. , Wood Madison , Ko Andrew , D'Almeida Stacey , Rubin Todd A.
Published: February 2023

Background Treatment of intra-articular distal radius fractures (DRFs) rests on anatomic internal fixation. Fragment-specific fixation (FSF) is applied when fracture pattern is too complex for standard volar plating (SVP), oftentimes with potential increased risk of complications. We hypothesized that patients undergoing FSF would achieve less wrist range of motion (ROM) with higher risk of complications compared with SVP.

Methods We conducted a retrospective review of 159 consecutive patients undergoing DRF fixation from 2017 to 2020. Patients < 18 years old, < 8 weeks' follow-up, open fractures, ipsilateral trauma, and fractures requiring dorsal spanning plate were excluded. Patient demographics, specific construct type, AO fracture classification, ROM, and complications were assessed. ROM was calculated using average flexion, extension, supination, and pronation. t-Tests were used to determine differences in ROM among construct types.

Results Ninety-two patients met all inclusion criteria: 59 underwent SVP and 33 underwent FSF. Average wrist ROM for patients undergoing SVP was 57 degrees/50 degrees flexion-extension and 87 degrees/88 degrees supination-pronation; average ROM for patients undergoing FSF was 55 degrees/49 degrees flexion-extension and 88 degrees/89 degrees supination-pronation. No significant differences were identified when comparing final wrist flexion (p = 0.08), extension (p = 0.33), supination (p = 0.35), or pronation (p = 0.21). Overall reoperation rate was 5% and higher for FSF (12%) versus SVP (2%). Highest reoperation rate was observed in the double volar hook cohort (80%; N = 4).

Conclusion Construct type does not appear to affect final ROM if stable internal fixation is achieved. SVP and FSF had similar complication rates; however, double volar hook constructs resulted in increased reoperations likely from fixation failure and plate prominence.

Level of Evidence Level IV, retrospective review.
Empirical tight-binding parameters for wurtzite group III–V(non-nitride) and IV materials
Authors: Sink Joseph , Pryor Craig
Published: February 2023

Suitable tight-binding models for wurtzite III–V (non-nitride) and group-V materials are presently missing in the literature. Many commonly used nearest neighbor tight-binding models for cubic-zincblende semiconductors result in highly inaccurate band structures when transferred to hexagonal polytypes. Wurtzite parameters would be of use in modeling nanowires that primarily condense into either wurtzite or zincblende crystal phases. Nanowire growth has seen significant development over the last decade, and polytypic heterostructures are now able to be fabricated. We have produced a set of spds* tight-binding parameters to be used in the hexagonal-wurtzite crystal phase for non-nitride III–V and group V semiconductors. We confine our parameter space to remain in the vicinity of a well-established zincblende parameter set to ensure semi-transferability between the wurtzite and zincblende polytypes. Our wurtzite parameters, when combined with the existing zincblende parameters, enable modeling electronic structures of heterostructures containing both the wurtzite and zincblende crystal phases.
Influence of Solar Activity on Precise Orbit Prediction of LEO Satellites
Authors: Yuan Jun-Jun , Zhou Shan-Shi , Tang Cheng-Pan , Wu Bin , Li Kai , Hu Xiao-Gong , Liang Er-Tao
Published: February 2023

The perturbations of low earth orbit (LEO) satellites operating in the orbit of 300 ∼ 2000 km are complicated. In particular, the atmospheric drag force and solar radiation pressure force change rapidly over a short period of time due to solar activities. Using spaceborne global positioning system (GPS) data of the CHAMP, GRACE and SWARM satellites from 2002 to 2020, this paper studies in depth the influence of solar activity on LEO satellites’ precise orbit prediction by performing a series of orbit prediction experiments. The quality of GPS data is more susceptible to being influenced by solar activity during years when this activity is high and the changes in dynamic parameters are consistent with those of solar activity. The effects of solar activity on LEO orbit prediction accuracy are analyzed by comparing the predicted orbits with the precise ones. During years of high solar activity, the average root-mean-squares prediction errors at 10, 20, and 30 minutes are 0.15, 0.20, and 0.26 m, respectively, which are larger than the corresponding values in low-solar-activity years by 59%, 63%, and 68%, respectively. These results demonstrate that solar activity has a great influence on the orbit prediction accuracy, especially during high-solar-activity years. We should strengthen the real-time monitoring of solar activity and geomagnetic activity, and formulate corresponding orbit prediction strategies for the active solar period.
3D bioprinted autologous bone particle scaffolds for cranioplasty promote bone regeneration with both implanted and native BMSCs
Authors: Huan Yu , Zhou Dezhi , Wu Xiuquan , He Xin , Chen Hongqing , Li Sanzhong , Jia Bo , Dou Yanan , Fei Xiaowei , Wu Shuang , Wei Jialiang , Fei Zhou , Xu Tao , Fei Fei
Published: February 2023

Although autologous bone (AB) grafting is considered to be the gold standard for cranioplasty, unresolved problems remain, such as surgical-site infections and bone flap absorption. In this study, an AB scaffold was constructed via three-dimensional (3D) bedside-bioprinting technology and used for cranioplasty. To simulate the skull structure, a polycaprolactone shell was designed as an external lamina, and 3D-printed AB and a bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) hydrogel was used to mimic cancellous bone for bone regeneration. Our in vitro results showed that the scaffold exhibited excellent cellular affinity and promoted osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs in both two-dimensional and 3D culture systems. The scaffold was implanted in beagle dog cranial defects for up to 9 months, and the scaffold promoted new bone and osteoid formation. Further in vivo studies indicated that transplanted BMSCs differentiated into vascular endothelium, cartilage, and bone tissues, whereas native BMSCs were recruited into the defect. The results of this study provide a method for bedside bioprinting of a cranioplasty scaffold for bone regeneration, which opens up another window for clinical applications of 3D printing in the future.