bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kawasaki Disease - A Case Overview
Authors: - Rajalakshmi R. , - Sharanabassappa Dambal
Published: November 2022

Kawasaki disease, a medium vessel vasculitis, is seen commonly in children below 5 years of age. In developing countries Kawasaki disease is being increasingly reported, and is one of the emerging leading causes of acquired heart disease in children. Diagnosis of this case is often missed in this age group as it is not considering an upfront clinical possibility in a febrile child which often leads to delay in diagnosis and initiation of therapy. A 2 years old male child got admitted on 24/08/2022 under PICU, AIIMS, Raipur with chief complaints of cough and cold for 7 days, fever for 5 days, redness of eyes for 2 days, 3 days back, rash for 3 days, vomiting after meals for 2 days, fast breathing for 1 day, redness of palm and soles for 1 day, neck swelling for 1 day. The patient underwent basic investigations to rule out the diagnosis and differential diagnosis and was treated with oxygen support, IVIg, aspirin, antibiotics and supportive management. There was significant improvement in the child’s condition and was discharged with follow up advise.
An Inquiry into Transfer of territories of Jammu and Kashmir to Maharaja Gulab Singh by British
Authors: - Dr. Kanwal Singh
Published: November 2022

This paper intended to investigate the reasons behind the transfer of territories to Gulab Singh and thus carving an independent state of Jammu and Kashmir. The transfer of territories is a matter of debate among historians, writers, and officials of the English Government at that time. There are diverse opinions among the scholars regarding their explanations for the transferring of territories to Gulab Singh and helping him in carving an Independent state. Also, an attempt has been made to look into the causes and circumstances which enable the British to adopt the favourable policy towards Gulab Singh at the point time when the East Indian Company was expanding their empire throughout India by annexing princely states of India. Through this paper, an attempt has been made to bring out various dimensions regarding this issue.
Current Issues in Sport Science
Authors: Nigg Claudio , Tilp Markus , Amesberger Günter , Ewing Garber Carol , Finkenzeller Thomas , Keller Martin , Pellegrini Christine , Ruin Sebastian , Stein Thorsten , Thiel Ansgar , Van Poppel Mireille , Würth Sabine
Published: November 2022

CISS welcomes and encourages articles addressing a broad range of topics across sport science which include but is not limited to genetic, biological, physical, physiological, psychological, pedagogical, sociological, environmental, policy among other aspects. In this editorial, we highlight several topics of interest for each of our sections within CISS: biology & medicine, biomechanics & informatics, movement & exercise science, pedagogy & history, psychology & philosophy, public health, sociology & economics and technology. We hope to motivate you and your colleagues to join us in advancing the field of sport science.
The cutaneous manifestations of COVID-19, personal protective equipment and treatment
Authors: Haddad Afaf , Haddad Isabelle
Published: November 2022

Since the beginning of COVID-19 pandemic in late 2019, the symptoms and signs detailed in the medical literature and the media concentrated on the effect of causative virus SARS-COV-2 on the respiratory tract, the coagulopathy associated with severe forms of the disease and the febrile flu like illness in the mild cases. The widespread publicising of the symptoms has been one of the important public health measures in combatting the rapid spread of COVID-19. Less known is the direct or indirect effect of COVID-19 on the skin and underlying soft tissue. Recognising the various cutaneous manifestations may prove a useful tool in early detection and management of COVID-19.
A review on looking at prescription quality in Ayurveda and principles of ethical Ayurvedic prescription
Authors: Badri Sireesha , Malapati Anjali , Mullagura Bhavya sri , K Swapna kumari , R Suvartha , T Padmavathi
Published: November 2022

Medical prescriptions have few common generic features, usally containing the basic details of the patient and prescriber identification followed by the medications including its dose, intake schedules and total duration of drug consumption . The importance of prescription quality among every system of medicine an attempt was made to design a prescription quality index for ayurveda. Prescription quality index for ayurveda was found useful in between the ideal and generated prescriptions. Ayurvedic practice of medicine is largely criticized for not utilizing its own concepts of disease, diagnosis and management imposing the modern concepts of pathogenesis and treatments upon their own treatment principles. There is a poor quality of ayurvedic prescriptions is an undercurrent observations and brought into notice frequently. The pilot test was also able to reveal many underlying limitations in contemporary ayurvedic prescription writing. Great caution is warrented while prescribing medicines in children, elders and pregnant ladies and it has been suggested to prescribe disease- specific drugs in limited number of combinations in proper doses with proper adjuvants.
A A review on role of neuromodulators in autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Hussain Sajid , Deeba Farha
Published: November 2022

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a group of complex neurodevelopmental disorders whose diagnosis is exclusively made on a behavioral basis. According to the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, autism is defined by deficits in two main symptoms (social interaction & communication, and repetitive/restrictive behaviors), which emerge in premature phases of postnatal development. The authors review evidence that ASD is a neurobiological disorder influenced by both genetic and environmental factors affecting the developing brain, and enumerate factors that correlate with ASD risk. Finally, the article describes how clinical evaluation begins with developmental screening.
“EVALUATION OF ANTI-DEPRESSANT ACTIVITY OF METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF AVERRHOA BILIMBI USING VARIOUS ANIMAL MODELS”
Authors: MESTHA Sujana V , Nagesh Sahana , Shanbhag Preeti , BHAT RAMDAS
Published: November 2022

Aim of the study: Averrhoa bilimbi is used to treat a variety of illnesses, including those that affect the central nervous system. In this study, albino rats were given methanolic extract of Averrhoa bilimbi leaves (MEAB) to investigate its effects using behavioral assays that are sensitive to antidepressants with clinical efficacy. Methodology: When mice were subjected to the Tail suspension test (TST) and Forced swim test (FST), the extract (125,250, and 500mg/kg) was able to reduce the immobility duration of the mice dose-dependently; the effects are comparable to those of standard medicines, i.e., imipramine (10mg/kg). Results: Our research revealed that MEAB, when administered at greater concentrations, significantly (p<0.0001) reduced immobility in tail suspension and forced swim model of depression comparable to Imipramine. These findings showed that AB exhibited in vivo effects that were selectively antidepressant. Conclusion: The results of this study, in summary, revealed that AB extracts may have antidepressant properties that make them potentially useful for treating patients with depressive disorders. However, more research is required to comprehend the mechanism of action and to pinpoint the key ingredient that produces antidepressant-like activity.
Diagnostic Reference Range (DRR) in Computed Tomography (CT) Imaging Based on Clinical Indications Related to Thorax, Abdomen and Pelvic Regions
Authors: Abdul Kadir Siti Norfarhana , Osman Noor Diyana , Mohd Daud Norfataha , Ya Ali Nik Kamarullah , Mockter Tasnim
Published: November 2022

The concept of diagnostic reference range (DRR) is introduced to address the balance between a patient’s risk (radiation dose) and benefit (image quality necessary for an accurate diagnosis). R provides a minimum estimated dose that covers 25–75% range of dose distribution. The International Commission on Radiological Protection, ICRP (2017) recommended the 75th percentile as the upper d 25th percentile as the lower limit of DRR [1]. Dose below the lower range should compromise accurate interpretation of the image and dose above the upper range may be in excess and need to be reviewed. Meanwhile, Diagnostic Reference Levels (DRLs) are set at the 75th percentile of dose distribution and recommended by ICRP as a guidance to identify any unusual computed tomography (CT) procedures that consistently exceed the established DRLs.

The aim of this study was to establish the local DRR for CT scanning based on clinical indications associated to thorax, abdomen, and pelvic regions in adult patients at Department of Radiology, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (HUSM), Kelantan. This study involved a retrospective survey on data of adult patients underwent CT scanning based on 5 most common clinical indications related to thorax, abdomen, and pelvic regions at two departments, Radiology and Trauma Department, HUSM. This study obtained human ethical approval from the university ethical committee (Protocol code: USM/JEPeM/22010025). The CT dose metrics (dose length product, DLP and total DLP) and associated technical factors were collected.

Results showed that the five most common clinical indications were cancer staging, coronary artery disease, pulmonary embolism, stones (CTU protocol) and stones (KUB protocol). The DLP values were varied based on their clinical indications and CT scanner types.  Figure 1 shows boxplots representing the DRRs of DLP based on five most common clinical indications associated to CT scans of thorax, abdomen, and pelvic regions for Toshiba and Siemens CT scanners. The highest total DLP values was 4722 mGy.cm observed from CT scanning of cancer staging using Siemens scanner. While the lowest DLP value is 40 mGy.cm for stones scanning using the KUB protocol also using Siemens scanner. The main factor that contributes to higher DLP is the longer scanning length.

This study demonstrates that the dose descriptor values, DLP and total DLP were varied for similar anatomical region based on different image quality requirement for each clinical indication. Thus, utilisation of both DRR and DRL are crucial to minimise the unnecessary dose to patient and ensure the optimum image quality is produced by each CT scanning.
Evaluating Variability of Physico-chemical Properties of Soils from Urban Park of Tasik Permaisuri Cheras for Forensic Purpose
Authors: Mohd Rosdi Nur Ain Najihah , Lee Loong Chuen , Sino Hukil
Published: November 2022

Forensic soil analysis is commonly used to establish a link between soil collected from a suspect (known samples) and soil collected from a crime scene (questioned sample) (1). Taman Tasik Permaisuri is located about 7km from Kuala Lumpur, one of the capital cities of Malaysia. Being a densely populated residential place, the rate of crime reported is also high. Soil is one of the most common types of evidence encountered in various types of crimes (2). The understanding of the variability of soil of a place is of fundamental importance to assess reliable evidence on forensic investigations (3). Therefore, this work aimed to evaluate the physico-chemical variability of soils collected from the urban park of Taman Tasik Permaisuri. A total of 20 soil samples were collected from several proximate sites around the park. The pH of all the samples dissolved in distilled water were measured using a pH meter. Meanwhile, colour of the samples in dried and wet conditions were recorded based on the Munsell Soil Color Chart. The variability of the physico-chemical properties was first explored using levelplot and then assessed via one-way ANOVA test). Fig. 1 illustrates the variability of the 20 soil samples by pH and soil color observed under dried condition using levelplot. In overall, the soils were mainly slight acidic or neutral. The soils exhibited rather low variability in pH value despite the one-way ANOVA coupled with LSD test (Fig. 2) denoted that the samples can be divided into ten subgroups. In conclusion, the physico-chemical properties of soils collected from the urban park of Taman Tasik Permaisuri were rather homogenous with mild variability.
Continuous Intravenous Ketamine for Management of Acute Pain Postoperative Laparotomy with Septic Shock: A Case Report
Authors: Nugrainy Sri Ayu , Charles Wijaya Tan
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Ketamine used for patients in the intensive care unit provides a combination of sedation and analgesia as well as a beneficial effect on hemodynamics. This study aims to describe the use of continuous intravenous ketamine as postoperative laparotomy pain management in septic shock.

Case presentation: A man, 55 years old, came to the emergency room with complaints of abdominal pain accompanied by bloating, nausea, and vomiting. From the anamnesis and physical examination and support, a diagnosis of peritonitis generalisata et causa hernia suspect incarceration was found. In postoperative observation, vital sign examination showed blood pressure 80/50, pulse 128x/minute, respiratory rate 24x/minute, temperature 37.7ºC, and numeric rating scale 5/10. The treatment the patient got was simple oxygen mask 6-7 L/ minutes, IVFD ringer lactate 3000 cc/24 hours, intravenous ceftriaxone 1gr/12 hours, intravenous metronidazole 500 mg/8 hours, norepinephrine 0.15-0.2 mcg/kg/minute titration, dobutamine 7.5 mcg/kg/minute titration, fentanyl 0.5 mcg/kg/hour titration, ketamine 0.08-0.1 mg/kg/hour and intravenous paracetamol drips 1gr/ 6 hours. The patient experienced improvement and decreased the need for postoperative fentanyl analgesia from 0.5 mcg to 0.3 mcg/kg/hour.

Conclusion: The addition of continuous ketamine for acute pain management has been shown to reduce opioid requirements in critically ill patients. The combination of low doses of ketamine together with continuous opioids resulted in a lower pain scale and decreased cumulative use of opioids.
Assessment of Socio-Economic Impacts of Stone Quarrying Activities in Narok Town Ward, Narok North Sub-County
Authors: Barchok Festus Kiprop , Mabwoga Samson Okongo , Kirui Stella
Published: November 2022

Quarrying is an excavation process involving abstracting materials, which are neither fuel nor minerals in nature from rocks. The ever-increasing development and construction in major urban centres worldwide have necessitated the need for quarries to provide materials for construction. This has led to detrimental environmental and social economic impacts which are usually ignored at the expense of economic pursuit by developers. The study focused on assessing the socioeconomic impacts of stone quarrying in Narok Town Ward, Narok North Sub-County, Kenya. The target population were quarry workers, the residents and government agency officials dealing with environmental management. The study employed a descriptive research design where both quantitative and qualitative techniques were used. Stratified sampling and random sampling techniques were used during the study. Questionnaires, interviews, observations and photography were used to collect data during the survey. Descriptive statistics, percentages, frequencies and correlation were used to analyze data in Microsoft software MS Excel and SPSS. Findings have been presented descriptively, quantitatively and qualitatively. Quarrying activities in Narok Town ward have played an important role in the economic development and infrastructural development, however it has brought about negative social issues such as a change in social fabrics, conflicts, displacement, and health-related issues. The correlation coefficient (r=0.705, P<0.001) show a positive correlation between the severity of dust and respiratory illnesses among the respondents. The respondents strongly agreed that quarrying activities have led to the creation of employment in the area. The study recommends that Stakeholders should put efforts into the mitigation of negative outcomes of quarrying activities that lead to the disruption of livelihoods. Community education and sensitization on environmental and socioeconomic impacts and safety measures should be done to minimize the negative impacts of quarrying activities in the Narok Town ward
Rural Land Sub-Division and its Impact on Maize Production: The Case of Kiminini Sub-County in Trans-Nzoia County
Authors: Atieno Diana Nekesa , Alumasa Sheila Uside
Published: November 2022

Globally, around three million hectares of agricultural land are lost each year to other land uses. This results in a huge decline in household food production and livelihood security. Maintaining rural land in optimally sized allotments is critical for sustainable food and livelihood security. Sustainable natural resource management and increased productivity of primary industries can also be assured by ensuring that economically viable land sizes are maintained. The literature reviewed indicates that there is limited information on land sub-division trends, their associated impacts on the settlement schemes, and development control measures in the rural area of the Kiminini sub-county. This study investigated the trend of rural land subdivisions in Kiminini sub-county from 1963 to 2018. It examined the causes of rural land subdivision, its impacts on household maize production and has proposed policy interventions to reduce rural land subdivision in Kiminini for food and livelihood security. A cross-sectional survey of 120 households was conducted. Focus group discussions, key informant interviews, and observations were also used to collect the data. The findings have revealed that household land size has decreased from the initial 30 acres to 1.5 acres leading to a reduction in maize production from the potential 600 (90 kgs) bags to 30 (90 kgs bags), a 95% reduction. The main causes of land sub-division are inheritance, for sale, population pressure, and poor implementation of policies. There is no land use plan for the sub-county to guide land use, and there are no guidelines to regulate development. The study recommends land use planning through the development of a local physical development plan, determination of a minimum land size for maize growing, e.g., 5 acres, agricultural land protection zoning, policy review of the land inheritance tradition, consolidation where it has been subdivided to un-economic units and promotion of alternative technology for sustainable agricultural practices
Some Properties of (Λ, α)-open Sets
Authors: Khampakdee Jeeranunt , Boonpok Chawalit
Published: November 2022

The purpose of the present paper is to introduce new classes of generalized (Λ, α)-open sets, namely s(Λ, α)-open sets, p(Λ, α)-open sets, α(Λ, α)-open sets, β(Λ, α)-open sets and b(Λ, α)-open sets. Moreover, some properties of s(Λ, α)-open sets, p(Λ, α)-open sets, α(Λ, α)-open sets, β(Λ, α)-open sets and b(Λ, α)-open sets are investigated.
Comparison of the use of intravenous iron sucrose with intravenous ferric Carboxymaltose for treatment of iron deficiency anaemia in pregnant patients
Authors: Un-Nisa Khar , Rukhsana Shaheen Afzal  , Faiza Safdar  , Noreen Majeed  , Shabana Kalsoom  , Irum Mushtaq
Published: November 2022

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Iron deficiency results in major disabilities and death all over the world, about two billion people are suffering from anaemia at the moment. To compare intravenous iron sucrose with intravenous ferric carboxymaltose in terms of mean change in hemoglobin level and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) for treatment of iron deficiency anaemia in pregnant patients.

METHODOLOGY: Prospective comparative study was conducted at the department of Obstetrics/ Gynecology of POF Hospital Wah Cantt and HIT Hospital Taxila Cantt. The study duration was 2 years, from January 2017-December 2018. A total of 80 patients were included in the study. Patients were randomly divided into two groups; in Group-A; 40 patients were given intravenous iron sucrose, and in Group B, 40 patients were given intravenous ferric carboxymaltose. Patients were observed for hemoglobin level and mean corpuscular volume (MCV). Data analysis was done with SPSS version 24. An Independent t-test was applied, and results with p-value ≤0.05 were found significant.

RESULTS: Post-treatment hemoglobin means level in the iron sucrose group was 9.90±0.4SD, and in the intravenous ferric carboxymaltose group, post-treatment hemoglobin was 10.71±0.9SD (p≤0.001). In the iron sucrose group, the post-treatment mean corpuscular volume mean level was 81.94±6.0SD and in the intravenous ferric carboxymaltose group mean post-treatment mean corpuscular volume was 88.08±7.1SD (p≤0.001)

CONCLUSION: Treatment with intravenous iron caboxymaltose is superior to intravenous iron sucrose with respect to hematological response, which seems to be safe, as very few severe side effects were observed.
THE NUMERICAL CALCULATION OF LOW FREQUENCY ELECTROMAGNETIC TRANSIENT PHENOMENA IN POWER TRANSFORMERS
Authors: Amir Tokić  , Ivo Uglešić
Published: November 2022

In this article, a transformer model is presented that is applicable to low frequency electromagnetic  transient phenomena of up to 1 kHz. An example of the energization of a no-load transformer  is analyzed. A simplifed analytical approach is presented first. Due to the limitations of this approach,  a numerical approach is introduced for the solution of the stiff differential equations that  describe the transient phenomena. In both cases, algorithms have been developed for generating  the waveforms of the state variables. The results of both algorithms are compared to the results  of the MATLAB/Simulink/Power System Blockset for the analysis of electromagnetic transient  phenomena in electrical energy systems. Developed algorithm with the introduced numerical  approach can be used successfully in other low frequency transient phenomena where the main  subject of analysis is the nonlinear character of the transformer: ferroresonance, load switch-off,  transformer faults etc.
DIAGNOSTIC REVIEW OF A BLACKOUT IN RHODES
Authors: Papazoglou, Th. M.  , Papazoglou, M. T  , Thalassinakis, E. J.  , Tsichlakis, Ch.  , Hatziargyriou, N. D.
Published: November 2022

A technical review of an incident on March 21, 2007 that began at 00:50 a.m. and led to a  two-hour blackout of the island of Rhodes electric power system is presented with the complete  sequence, including all the relevant registered operational data as well as the on-site fi eld findings.  A technical analysis of the disturbance was performed to determine the probable causes  and factors that contributed to the duration of the disturbance. Since the system is an isolated  one, it is particularly vulnerable to perturbations. The roles of system protection and wind power  generation during the incident are examined. Conclusions of practical importance are drawn,  including recommendations for corrective measures to be implemented for preventing disturbances  of this kind from reoccurring in the future.
CALCULATION OF ANNUAL ACTIVE ENERGY LOSSES IN A DISTRIBUTION NETWORK WITH A CONNECTED WIND POWER PLANT
Authors: Ranko Goić  , Damir Jakus  , Eugen Mudnić
Published: November 2022

Connecting distributed generation to a distribution network affects the load flows in the network,  resulting in the redistribution of load flows in the network and thereby changing the amount  of active energy losses. At a given moment, depending upon the network consumption and the  power injected from a wind power plant into the network, the active power losses can be higher  or lower than they were before the wind power plant was connected. However, the aggregate  annual energy losses, rather than instantaneous active power losses, are of significance.  Therefore, a methodology has been developed for calculating the annual active energy losses  in a distribution network in the case of a distributed generation connection, assuming the  known chronological consumption and production curves. The corresponding calculations have  been performed for an existing distribution network and a wind power plant scheduled to be  connected to it.
CONTEMPORARY RESEARCH STATUS AND RECOMMENDATION OF APPLIED ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN AGRICULTURE
Authors: Shah Axita , Pareek Jyoti
Published: November 2022

In the foreseeable future, Agriculture has been and will continue the lifeline of Indian Economy. In recent era Government initiatives to help farmers and other agriculture stakeholders embellish like anything. There are various websites and applications available in agriculture by government and private institutes. Even Wide-ranging approaches of Artificial Intelligence such as Information Retrieval using Natural Language Processing, Decision Making System using Machine Learning, Expert System using Internet of Things and Geographic assistance, Image Processing etc. has exponentially improved the working of the Agriculture Sector. We have researched and reviewed literatures of Natural language interface and other approaches of Applied Artificial Intelligence supporting crop cultivation system in academia and various mobile applications provided by Indian Agriculture Industry. This research will be supportive to cognize the existing intelligent system in Agriculture. This Review and Requirement of Farmer identified by the survey have opened the door of requisite of retrieval approach from the diverse government resources via Natural Language. Our Recommendation will highlight the direction for future work in Applied Artificial Intelligence.
PRE-SERVICE TEACHER EDUCATION: AN OVERVIEW OF EDUCATION POLICY IN INDIA
Authors: Gulati Nidhi , Jain Manish
Published: November 2022

This paper provides a review of pre-service teacher education related policies and reports. It looks at the core concerns and outlines a brief trajectory of the policies over time. It points to the continuities and departures of the recent policy with earlier recommendations pertaining to enhanced duration TE programmes, limited institutional capacities, strengthening disciplinary knowledge domains and the question of standards. The paper deliberates on the concerns that the National Education Policy 2020 implementation must be attentive to in order to achieve the policy’s articulated and intended goals.
Hava Bazlı Proteinin Alternatif Bir Protein Kaynağı Olarak Kullanım Olanaklarının İncelenmesi
Authors: ERDOĞAN Elif , KAYA Orhan , DERİN Esra , ÇAKALOĞLU EBCİM Büşra
Published: November 2022

Günümüzde gıda endüstrisinde sürdürülebilir kaynakların, yeni alternatiflerin arayışı trend araştırma konuları olmaktan çıkarak bir zorunluluk haline gelmeye başlamıştır. Üretimde kullanılan doğal kaynakların sınırlı olması ve hızlı nüfus artışı bu durumun temel nedenleridir. Bu noktada alternatif protein kaynağı araştırmaları son derece önem kazanmıştır. Yapılan araştırmalara göre mevcut tüketim alışkanlıkları ve nüfus artışıyla devam edilirse; 2050 yılına gelindiğinde dünya nüfusuna yeterli protein kaynağının sağlanması için protein mahsüllerinin 2005 yılına göre %110 daha fazlasına ihtiyaç duyulacaktır. Tarımsal alanların azalması, küresel ısınma ve insanların zararlı faliyetleri neticesinde biyoçeşitliliğin zarar gördüğü gerçekleri hesaba katıldığında gelecekte kaliteli protein ve su kaynaklarına erişim bir soru işareti halini almaktadır. Tek hücre proteini (THP); biyoprotein, mikrobiyal protein veya biyokütle olarak adlandırılan kurutulmuş hücre topluluğudur. THP; mantarlar, mayalar, algler ve bakteriler gibi birçok farklı mikroorganizma ile elde edilebilmektedir. Hidrojen oksitleyici bakteriler (HOB) birçok avantajı ile THP üretiminde ön plana çıkmaktadır. Hava bazlı protein (HBP) ise HOB’lerin biyoreaktörlerde çoğaltılıp, saflaştırılıp kurutulması ile elde edilen bir THP’dir. Elde edilen biyokütle, proteine ek olarak lipid, karbonhidrat, vitamin ve mineral kaynağı da sağlamaktadır. Tüm bu sebepler HBP’lerin alternatif, sürdürülebilir bir protein kaynağı olma potansiyeline işaret etmektedir. Yapılan bu çalışmada; THP, HOB ve HBP hakkında yapılan araştırmalar derlenmiş ve HBP’lerin kullanım potansiyellerine ışık tutmak hedeflenmiştir.
ABSTRACTS OF THE IV EURASIAN CONGRESS OF CARDIOLOGISTS. October 10–11, 2016, Yerevan, Armenia
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: November 2022

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Collimation of the Relativistic Jet in the Quasar 3C 273
Authors: Okino Hiroki , Akiyama Kazunori , Asada Keiichi , Gómez José L. , Hada Kazuhiro , Honma Mareki , Krichbaum Thomas P. , Kino Motoki , Nagai Hiroshi , Bach Uwe , Blackburn Lindy , Bouman Katherine L. , Chael Andrew , Crew Geoffrey B. , Doeleman Sheperd S. , Fish Vincent L. , Goddi Ciriaco , Issaoun Sara , Johnson Michael D. , Jorstad Svetlana , Koyama Shoko , Lonsdale Colin J. , Lu Ru-Sen , Martí-Vidal Ivan , Matthews Lynn D. , Mizuno Yosuke , Moriyama Kotaro , Nakamura Masanori , Pu Hung-Yi , Ros Eduardo , Savolainen Tuomas , Tazaki Fumie , Wagner Jan , Wielgus Maciek , Zensus Anton
Published: November 2022

The collimation of relativistic jets launched from the vicinity of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) at the centers of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) is one of the key questions to understand the nature of AGN jets. However, little is known about the detailed jet structure for AGN like quasars since very high angular resolutions are required to resolve these objects. We present very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) observations of the archetypical quasar 3C 273 at 86 GHz, performed with the Global Millimeter VLBI Array, for the first time including the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array. Our observations achieve a high angular resolution down to ∼60 μas, resolving the innermost part of the jet ever on scales of ∼105 Schwarzschild radii. Our observations, including close-in-time High Sensitivity Array observations of 3C 273 at 15, 22, and 43 GHz, suggest that the inner jet collimates parabolically, while the outer jet expands conically, similar to jets from other nearby low-luminosity AGNs. We discovered the jet collimation break around 107 Schwarzschild radii, providing the first compelling evidence for structural transition in a quasar jet. The location of the collimation break for 3C 273 is farther downstream from the sphere of gravitational influence (SGI) from the central SMBH. With the results for other AGN jets, our results show that the end of the collimation zone in AGN jets is governed not only by the SGI of the SMBH but also by the more diverse properties of the central nuclei.
The Quantitative Relation of the Time Profiles of Intensities in the Well-connected Solar Energetic Particle Events
Authors: Wang Yang , Lyu Dan , Wu Xinghui , Qin Gang
Published: November 2022

In this work, the quantitative relation of the intensity time profiles in the well-connected energetic particle events has been identified. Focusing on the propagation processes of energetic protons in the energy channels of about 13–64 MeV, solar energetic particle (SEP) events observed by STEREO A, STEREO B, and SOHO have been studied. The intensities observed by the spacecraft with the best magnetic connection to the source region tend to rise the fastest and have the highest peak intensities. In the cases without multiple injections or significant acceleration of particles by interplanetary shocks, particle intensities with the highest peaks are fitted by using a solution of the diffusion equation, and the time profiles of particle intensities could be described by two parameters. By fitting 59 energetic proton events, we find that the two parameters satisfy a power-law model in different events, and the distribution of peak time is also obtained. The power-law model helps one to obtain a quantitative relation of SEP intensities with the fitting function, and the distribution of peak time could provide a basis for determining the magnetic connection between the spacecraft and the source region.
Improving the Spatial Resolution of Solar Images Based on an Improved Conditional Denoising Diffusion Probability Model
Authors: Song Wei , Ma Wen , Ma Ying , Zhao Xiaobing , Lin Ganghua
Published: November 2022

The quality of solar images plays an important role in the analysis of small events in solar physics. Therefore, the improvement of image resolution based on super-resolution (SR) reconstruction technology has aroused the interest of many researchers. In this paper, an improved conditional denoising diffusion probability model (ICDDPM) based on the Markov chain is proposed for the SR reconstruction of solar images. This method reconstructs high-resolution (HR) images from low-resolution images by learning a reverse process that adds noise to HR images. To verify the effectiveness of the method, images from the Goode Solar Telescope at the Big Bear Solar Observatory and the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI) on the Solar Dynamics Observatory are used to train a network, and the spatial resolution of reconstructed images is 4 times that of the original HMI images. The experimental results show that the performance based on ICDDPM is better than the previous work in subject judgment and object evaluation indexes. The reconstructed images of this method have higher subjective vision quality and better consistency with the HMI images. And the structural similarity and rms index results are also higher than the compared method, demonstrating the success of the resolution improvement using ICDDPM.
Begonia parvibracteata, a new species in ﻿Begonia sect. ﻿Platycentrum (Begoniaceae) from Guangxi of China, based on morphological and molecular evidence
Authors: Feng Xin-Xin , Huang Xiao-Feng , Huang Yu-Ni , Liu Zhi-Xian , Li Ren-Kun , Zhou Jin-Ye , Guo Wei , Chen Xiao-Yan , Tian Dai-Ke
Published: November 2022

The previously reported begonias in a limestone forest of Guangxi mainly belong to Begonia sect. Coelocentrum Irmscher. In this article, we described and illustrated a new species in sect. Platycentrum (Klotzsch) A.DC., Begonia parvibracteata X.X.Feng, R.K.Li & Z.X.Liu, which was discovered in a karst forest of south-western Guangxi. The begonia shows high morphological similarity to B. subhowii S.H. Huang and B. psilophylla Irmscher, but differs from the latter two in its narrower oblique-ovate asymmetric leaf blade, 4 (occasionally 6) tepals of pistillate flower and smaller membranous inflorescence bracts. Molecular phylogenetic analysis, based on ITS sequence data, supports the new species as monophyletic and distinct from B. subhowii and B. psilophylla. Considering its narrow distribution and the disturbance of human activities, the conservation status of new taxon is evaluated as “Vulnerable” (VU B1, B2 ab (i, iv, v), D2) according to the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria.
Eriobotrya crassifolia (Rosaceae), a new species from Yunnan Province, China
Authors: Meng Kai-Kai , Chen Su-Fang , Lin Min , Liao Wen-Bo , Jin Jian-Hua , Fan Qiang
Published: November 2022

The new species Eriobotrya crassifolia, collected from Yunnan Province, China, is characterised and illustrated. A phylogeny based on chloroplast genomes supported its closest affinity with E. tengyuehensis, while a phylogeny based on 197 single-copy nuclear genes supported its closest affinity with E. fragrans and E. deflexa. Morphologically, however, it resembles E. angustissima. Nevertheless, it can be easily distinguished from E. angustissima by its abaxially retroflexed and sharply serrate leaf margins, densely rusty tomentose inflorescences, and oblong or elliptic leaves.
A new association with Patzkea paniculata on serpentine substrates at low elevations in the western Alps (Italy)
Authors: Colozza Francesca , Fenoglio Elisabetta , Barberis Davide , Lonati Michele
Published: November 2022

Patzkea paniculata usually dominates grassland communities in the subalpine and alpine belts. The analysis of a unique vegetation community found at low altitudes growing on serpentinitic substrates in the North-Western Alps (Italy) dominated by P. paniculata, is hereby presented. These communities are substantially different from already described alpine communities, framed in the alliance Festucion variae (class Caricetea curvulae, order Festucetalia spadiceae) and typical of higher elevations. Syntaxonomic and ecological investigations were performed to provide a correct phytosociological framework for these grasslands. The new association Potentillo albae-Patzkeetum paniculatae ass. nova is here described, with two different variants, one co-dominated by Bromopsis erecta and the second with co-dominance of Molinia arundinacea. It is a secondary grassland of arid environments attributable to the alliance Bromion erecti (class Festuco valesiacae-Brometea erecti), and characterized by the presence of numerous species, both rare and typical of serpentinitic substrates.
Émotions, genre et exil. Lettres intimes depuis l’internement français (1939-1940)
Authors: Martínez Martínez Alba , Taillot Allison
Published: November 2022

Cet article analyse la correspondance privée et inédite d’un couple de réfugiés espagnols ayant été séparés et internés, après leur passage en France, dans des camps et des lieux d’internement entre 1939 et 1940. Depuis la perspective de l’histoire des émotions et du genre, nous cherchons d’une part, à comprendre le rôle que les émotions peuvent avoir joué dans ce contexte d’exception et, d’autre part, à identifier l’impact du genre sur les expériences des réfugiés tout en réfléchissant aux transformations que l’exil a supposées pour celui-ci.
Dessins et photographies des camps d’internement du Sud de la France (1936-1942)
Authors: Sumpf Alexandre
Published: November 2022

Issus des fonds Madeleine Lamberet et Vicente Pérez Melón conservés à La contemporaine, dessins et photographies illustrent l’exil de deux républicains espagnols et leur vie en camps d’internement.
Le financement participatif numérique, une aubaine pour la culture ?
Authors: Rouzé Vincent
Published: November 2022

Cet article propose de regarder une forme particulière de financement culturel : les plateformes de financement participatif. Passé le phénomène de mode, elles semblent être devenues de nouveaux outils de valorisation et de financement au service de la culture. Sont-elles alors des alternatives aux sources de financement existantes ou de nouveaux intermédiaires inscrites dans des logiques capitalistiques plus classiques ?
Comment l’action publique et l’intermédiation culturelle façonnent les hiérarchies artistiques. Le cas de la musique live
Authors: Picaud Myrtille
Published: November 2022

À partir du cas des salles de musique à Paris, cet article examine le rôle des politiques culturelles et des subventions publiques dans la reproduction des hiérarchies artistiques. Bien que l’action publique se soit aujourd’hui élargie pour soutenir les différents genres musicaux, elle continue de différencier les musiques selon les esthétiques et leurs modes d’écoute. En parallèle, le marché de la musique live connaît une forte concentration économique dans un contexte de recul des ventes de disques, ce qui contraint les marges de manœuvre des programmateurs et programmatrices indépendant·es. Par leur réputation et leurs pratiques de programmation, elles et ils cherchent à tenir l’équilibre entre contraintes économiques et critères artistiques.
Algérie, 1962-1965 : la promotion d’une « langue nationale » en situation de sortie de guerre
Authors: Temlali Yassin
Published: November 2022

Entre la naissance de l’Algérie indépendante, le 5 juillet 1962, et le coup d’État du 19 juin 1965 qui a mis fin aux bouillonnements de la prime indépendance, les décisions linguistiques des dirigeants algériens ont été marquées du sceau du pragmatisme. La politique de promotion de la langue arabe n’a pas été en 1962-1965 une lutte contre la francophonie ou les langues natales, non écrites. Elle a été conduite avec une telle prudence qu’en retardant le déconfinement culturel des campagnes, où l’arabisation était synonyme d’ascension sociale des lettrés de formation arabe, elle a engendré d’énormes frustrations. Ces frustrations ont été exploitées par l’armée pour présenter son putsch, le 19 juin 1965, comme un « redressement révolutionnaire » global, incluant le domaine linguistique.
The implications of pricing on social learning
Authors: Arieli Itai , Koren Moran , Smorodinsky Rann
Published: November 2022

Two firms produce substitute goods of unknown quality. At each stage the firms set prices and a consumer with private information and unit demand buys from one of the firms. Both firms and consumers see the entire history of prices and purchases. Will such markets aggregate information? Will the firm with the superior product necessarily prevail? We adapt the classic social‐learning model by introducing strategic dynamic pricing. We provide necessary and sufficient conditions for asymptotic learning. In contrast to previous results, we show that asymptotic learning can occur when signals are bounded, namely, happens when the density of the consumers at the boundaries of the posterior belief distribution goes to zero. We refer to this property of the signal structure as the “vanishing margins” property.
Sufficientarianism
Authors: Alcantud José Carlos R. , Mariotti Marco , Veneziani Roberto
Published: November 2022

Sufficientarianism is a prominent approach to distributive justice in political philosophy and in policy analyses. However, it is virtually absent from the formal normative economics literature. We analyze sufficientarianism axiomatically in the context of the allocation of 0–1 normalized well‐being in society. We present three characterizations of the core sufficientarian criterion, which counts the number of agents who attain a “good enough” level of well‐being. The main characterization captures the “hybrid” nature of the criterion, which embodies at the same time a threshold around which the worst off in society is prioritized, and an indifference to equality in other regions. The other two characterizations relate sufficientarianism, respectively, to a liberal principle of noninterference and to a classic neutrality property.
Maskin meets Abreu and Matsushima
Authors: Chen Yi-Chun , Kunimoto Takashi , Sun Yifei , Xiong Siyang
Published: November 2022

The theory of full implementation has been criticized for using integer/modulo games, which admit no equilibrium (Jackson (1992)). To address the critique, we revisit the classical Nash implementation problem due to Maskin (1977, 1999) but allow for the use of lotteries and monetary transfers as in Abreu and Matsushima (1992, 1994). We unify the two well‐established but somewhat orthogonal approaches in full implementation theory. We show that Maskin monotonicity is a necessary and sufficient condition for (exact) mixed‐strategy Nash implementation by a finite mechanism. In contrast to previous papers, our approach possesses the following features: finite mechanisms (with no integer or modulo game) are used; mixed strategies are handled explicitly; neither undesirable outcomes nor transfers occur in equilibrium; the size of transfers can be made arbitrarily small; and our mechanism is robust to information perturbations.
How to sell in a sequential auction market
Authors: Hendricks Kenneth , Wiseman Thomas
Published: November 2022

We characterize an optimal mechanism for a seller with one unit of a good facing
N ≥ 3 buyers and a single competitor who sells another identical unit in a second‐price auction. Buyers who do not get the seller's good compete in the competitor's subsequent auction. The mechanism features transfers from buyers with the two highest valuations, allocation to the buyer with the second‐highest valuation, and an allocation rule that depends on the two highest valuations. It can be implemented by a modified third‐price auction, and it raises significantly more revenue than would a standard second‐ or first‐price auction with a reserve price.
Open Research Tools for the Learning Technologies Innovation Lab
Authors: Ehlenz Matthias , Heinemann Birte , Schroeder Ulrik
Published: November 2022

Orchestrating scientific work in educational research laboratories is demanding, especially when many interdisciplinary perspectives are involved. A monolithic approach does not suffice here. This paper describes an open-source architecture for an educational research laboratory. The presented system assists interdisciplinary scientists in implementing prototypes, evaluating new didactical approaches, researching collaborative learning processes, collecting learning analytics data, abstracting and automating experimental procedures, and securely monitoring progress within the lab, even in hybrid or remote setups. Due to both asynchronous and synchronous capabilities, the presented components make it easy to virtualize experiments, incorporate them in courses and lectures, and empower self-regulated but still monitorable learning processes.

The ecosystem described originated in the context of collaborative educational Serious Games for interactive table-top displays but is implemented modular and scales well regarding concurrent experiments, connected clients, and other use cases like VR and smart environments.
Investigations on the Students’ Perception of an Online-Based Laboratory with a Digital Twin in the Main Course of Studies in Mechanical Engineering
Authors: Treffinger Peter , Canz Michael , Glembin Jens
Published: November 2022

During the coronavirus crisis, labs had to be offered in digital form in mechanical engineering at short notice. For this purpose, digital twins of more complex test benches in the field of fluid energy machines were used in the mechanical engineering course, with which the students were able to interact remotely to obtain measurement data. The concept of the respective lab was revised with regard to its implementation as a remote laboratory. Fortunately, real-world labs were able to be fully replaced by remote labs. Student perceptions of remote labs were mostly positive. This paper explains the concept and design of the digital twins and the lab as well as the layout, procedure, and finally the results of the accompanying evaluation. However, the implementation of the digital twins to date does not yet include features which address the tactile experience of working in real-world labs.
Brought, Sought, and Taught
Authors: Welsh Amanda , Ruda Allison
Published: November 2022

Skillification is a powerful concept that can drive better outcomes for students, employers, and institutions of higher education (IHEs). Successful use, however, requires IHEs to adopt a systems thinking mindset more than developing a singular taxonomy or exquisite model. Creating a system of skill-driven applications assumes that universities have rich input language that can be translated to skills without extraordinary investment or effort and can do that translation many times over using different algorithms created by different providers as their application needs warrants. Two tests conducted at Northeastern University offer guidance on how to approach this new design: by affirming the feasibility of using syllabi as input for automated skill extraction and identifying data evaluation activity that drives better decisions about third-party partnerships and skill-driven application use.
Learning 3.0
Authors: Langworthy Maria , Hirsch-Allen Jake
Published: November 2022

The U.S. higher education system is struggling to adapt to the needs of modern society. Employers hire for specific skills and are increasingly looking outside of higher education degrees as those degrees fail to deliver needed skills. Across the country and globe, a growing number of innovative projects are underway to realign higher education's human and technological systems with the skills and competencies necessary for modern work and life. These projects illuminate core elements of the next paradigm of education. In this chapter, authors from Microsoft and LinkedIn highlight some of these promising innovations as well as the risks of this new paradigm. The core elements outlined in the chapter include skill-based education, verifiable credentials and learner records, the infusing of data and intelligence into personalized education-to-employment loops, the unbundling of higher education degrees and the separation of learning from the certification of skills, and new business models and sources of revenue in education.