bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FIRM TECHNOLOGICAL READINESS AND COMPLEMENTARITY: CAPABILITIES IMPACTING LOGISTICS SERVICE COMPETENCY AND PERFORMANCE
Authors: Richey R. Glenn , Daugherty Patricia J. , Roath Anthony S.
Published: May 2011

This manuscript explores the importance of both technological readiness and technological complementarily in the management of supplier logistics service quality and performance. From a resource based perspective, the results support the importance of technological readiness and technological complementarity as important capabilities for supply chain firms in attaining superior logistics service quality. Additionally, the long standing belief that logistics service quality is a core competency that impacts superior performance is upheld. Finally, this manuscript gives managers insight into the dynamics of managing technology across partnerships.
SUPPLY CHAIN STRATEGY FOR NASCENT FIRMS IN EMERGING TECHNOLOGY MARKETS
Authors: Sebastiao Helder J. , Golicic Susan
Published: May 2011

The extant literature provides sound guidance for applying appropriate supply chain strategies to address conventional market structures and supply chain objectives. However, our knowledge of the unique objectives, characteristics, and elements of supply chain development by nascent technology firms in new markets they have helped create is more limited. We outline the strategy for this “emergent” phase of a firm's development of their supply chain. This strategy emphasizes establishing market legitimacy and a basic structural foundation through a core of strong collaborative relationships. The strategy also maximizes organizational flexibility and iterative market intelligence gathering through continuous experimentation with potential markets and through potential partners. The strategy is contrasted with extant supply chain strategies and implications and directions for future research are offered.
A THREE‐STAGE IMPLEMENTATION MODEL FOR SUPPLY CHAIN COLLABORATION
Authors: Fawcett Stanley E. , Magnan Gregory M. , McCarter Matthew W.
Published: May 2011

Leading companies know that collaboration and creativity in supply chain (SC) relationships are critical to future competitiveness. Yet, many companies struggle to collaborate effectively. This reality raises the question: “How can managers overcome the cultural and structural impediments to SC collaboration?” Through a series of in‐depth, semi‐structured interviews, we identify core practices and key requirements to successful SC collaboration. Contingency and force field theories help transform our field study findings into a three‐stage model for improving SC collaboration. The constant challenge of persuading other managers and companies to pursue SC collaboration highlights the need for a proven‐path approach to SC collaboration.
A GLOBAL SUPPLY CHAIN PROFIT MAXIMIZATION AND TRANSFER PRICING MODEL
Authors: Miller Tan , de Matta Renato
Published: May 2011

In environments where tax rates in local regions do not represent major decision factors, a cost minimization methodology, which represents the most common optimization modeling approach for integrated manufacturing and distribution planning, can help formulate an effective integrated plan. However, when planning flexibility or alternatives exist because of differing local country tax rates and types and intra‐company transfer pricing options, cost minimization methodologies may inaccurately identify profit‐maximizing global production and distribution plans. Instead, a profit maximization model that explicitly evaluates decisions such as where to incur tax liabilities and how to set intra‐company prices may be required to develop an integrated global manufacturing and distribution plan. In this paper, we discuss and formulate a model that yields profit maximizing global production and distribution plans. We discuss the managerial implications of our results, and the potential applications and benefits of the model.
AN INTRODUCTION TO SARBANES‐OXLEY AND ITS IMPACT ON SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT
Authors: Nadler S. Scott , Kros John F.
Published: May 2011

The purpose of this manuscript is to provide readers with an overview of the Sarbanes‐Oxley Act, its origins, important sections, and its impact on Supply Chain Management. Study results generally contradict the negative affects that this important piece of legislation has reportedly had. The authors provide recommendations to supply chain managers and offer suggestions for future research. Finally, this manuscript seeks to educate readers on Sarbanes‐Oxley in order help them better understand how this important Act has impacted the business community.
EXPLORING PROCESSES FOR CUSTOMER VALUE INSIGHTS, SUPPLY CHAIN LEARNING AND INNOVATION: AN INTERNATIONAL STUDY
Authors: Flint Daniel J. , Larsson Everth , Gammelgaard Britta
Published: May 2011

This paper reports results from a study designed to assess the extent to which firms across industries and several countries lay the groundwork for and use customer value insight, supply chain learning, and innovation processes. The cross‐sectional study serves as an exploration of the theoretical relationships among these activities and their impact on perceptions of organizational performance. Through an international survey study drawing on samples from the U.S., Sweden and Denmark, the authors find support for the notions that supply chain learning and innovation processes are driven by processes aimed at studying changes in customer value and contribute to perceptions of superior organizational performance. These findings have significant implications for logistics and supply chain management.
AN EMPIRICAL EXAMINATION OF SUPPLY CHAIN PERFORMANCE ALONG SEVERAL DIMENSIONS OF RISK
Authors: Wagner Stephan M. , Bode Christoph
Published: May 2011

This research operationalizes several supply chain risk sources and investigates their relationships with supply chain performance. The responses of 760 executives from firms operating in Germany reveal that demand side and supply side risks do have a negative impact on performance whereas regulatory, legal and bureaucratic risks, infrastructure risks, as well as catastrophic risks do not. The analysis and results augment previous research regarding the impact of supply chain risks on the operational performance of firms and shareholder value and provide a detailed analysis of supply chain risk sources as contextual variables in strategic decision‐making.
UNDERSTANDING AND MEASURING MACRO‐INSTITUTIONAL COMPLEXITY OF LOGISTICS SYSTEMS ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Kinra Aseem , Kotzab Herbert
Published: May 2011

We explore the concept of macro‐institutional environmental complexity surrounding logistics systems. Macro‐institutional environmental complexity is formulated as the complexity posed by the diversity of macro‐institutions and infrastructural capabilities of external environments involved in global supply chain logistics operations. This concept is then translated into a simple Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) model evaluating the macro‐institutional logistics systems environmental complexity of the four Nordic countries.
SUPPLY CHAIN INTERFACES: DEFINING ATTRIBUTES AND ATTRIBUTE VALUES FOR COLLABORATIVE LOGISTICS MANAGEMENT
Authors: Stefansson Gunnar , Russell Dawn M.
Published: May 2011

Managing supply chain interfaces, where information or physical goods are exchanged between one trading partner and another, is a key component of collaborative logistics management (CLM). Identifying the interfaces on which to focus, and describing the attributes and attribute values of these interfaces, fosters effective CLM arrangements.
A LOGISTICS STRATEGY TAXONOMY
Authors: Autry Chad W. , Zacharia Zach G. , Lamb Charles W.
Published: May 2011

Beginning with Bowersox and Daugherty's (1987) influential work describing three unique logistics organizational forms, researchers have generally taken a theoretical typology approach to classifying logistics strategies, and attempts to validate the numerous proposed typologies have produced inconsistent and somewhat conflicting results. In an attempt to add clarity to this stream of research, the current article partially replicates and extends the previous studies using a more rigorous and data‐driven methodology, by developing an empirical taxonomy with firmlevel logistics activities used as clustering criteria. The results identify two primary logistics strategy types used by contemporary firms. The revealed strategies are somewhat parallel to two of the three strategic orientations proposed within the original Bowersox and Daugherty (1987) typology, but also elements suggested by other researchers, as well as new concepts introduced since the original work was published. Based on the results, implications of the revealed logistics strategy taxonomy are provided for managers, and foundations are laid for researchers seeking to undertake further inquiry in the area.
INTERORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIORS: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY
Authors: Autry Chad W. , Skinner Lauren R. , Lamb Charles W.
Published: May 2011

Exchanges among firms operating in supply chains are complex due to relational embeddedness, i.e., the extent to which relationships, rather than economic rationality, govern firm‐to‐firm interactions. For many years interfirm relationships were assumed to be best managed via coercive tactics. However, for the last two decades much attention has been given in the literature to more relational forms of governance, and recent supply chain research examining relationship nature, magnitude, and type implies the need for an alternative symbiotic explanation for supply chain relationship effectiveness. To address this void in the literature, this article introduces the concept of interorganizational citizenship behaviors (ICB's). Based on a review of literature from multiple business domains, common types of ICB's are identified, and research hypotheses are developed and tested. Future research initiatives and implications for supply chain management practice are also provided.
PRODUCT RETURNS PROCESSING: AN EXAMINATION OF PRACTICES OF MANUFACTURERS, WHOLESALERS/DISTRIBUTORS, AND RETAILERS
Authors: Stock James R. , Mulki Jay P.
Published: May 2011

Few research studies have published specific empirical data regarding the reverse logistics practices of companies. This multi‐stage study employed interviews, site visits, and a mail survey to collect responses from 230 members of the Warehousing Education and Research Council (WERC) regarding their reverse logistics practices. Results suggest that in spite of the growing importance of reverse logistics, few executives have product return processing as their primary responsibility and often undertake this activity along with other job responsibilities. Most firms handle the product returns process themselves and typically within the same facilities that handle forward logistics. Returning items directly to stock, repackaging and returning to stock, and selling as scrap, were the three top disposition options employed by firms. Results indicate that, contrary to general understanding, the majority of retailers and wholesalers reported a recovery rate of over 75% of product cost. Several hypotheses developed from the published literature on reverse logistics were tested. In many instances, these hypotheses were formulated on anecdotal information or single case studies and had not been empirically tested prior to this research being conducted.
THE ROLE OF SECURITY IN THE FOOD SUPPLIER SELECTION DECISION
Authors: Voss M. Douglas , Closs David J. , Calantone Roger J. , Helferich Omar Keith , Speier Cheri
Published: May 2011

This research assesses whether, and under what conditions, firms are willing to trade off price and delivery reliability for greater supplier security. Specifically, international sourcing and concern over security incidents occurring at the respondent's firm are proposed as conditions that may increase demand for supplier security. This research suggests to managers the trade offs their customers may be willing to accept for increased security. The results are useful for firms evaluating whether they should invest in supply chain security measures. Results provide academic insight into the relative importance of security as a supplier selection criterion.
LOGISTICS AND SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT APPLICATIONS WITHIN A GLOBAL CONTEXT: AN OVERVIEW
Authors: Schoenherr Tobias
Published: May 2011

This paper reviews 726 academic research studies covering logistics and supply chain management (L'SCM) applications within a global context. Articles are analyzed according to their publication year and outlet, common themes, and countries or regions investigated. The sample was drawn from the ABI/INFORM Global database, which includes almost 1,800 journal titles. The review offers a starting point for researchers, graduate students, faculty members or practitioners examining international L'SCM applications. The article also draws attention to the wide array of global L'SCM studies conducted, their settings and viewpoints. Additionally, this paper highlights some of the most interesting works and draws attention to lesser‐researched countries and regions of the world. The overview also provides an introduction for practitioners and managers to what academic research has covered in the area of global L'SCM. Practitioners can use this review as a starting point for the identification of relevant and useful references for their particular task.
AN ANALYSIS OF SUPPLY CHAIN COLLABORATIONS AND THEIR EFFECT ON PERFORMANCE OUTCOMES
Authors: Zacharia Zach G. , Nix Nancy W. , Lusch Robert F.
Published: May 2011

This research examined how operational outcomes, relational outcomes and business performance are affected by a collaboration project between buyers and suppliers in a supply chain. It is hypothesized that interdependence of knowledge and process, supply chain partner insight, and the level of collaboration between the firms affect the outcomes of a collaboration project. Survey data from buyers and suppliers from a wide range of industries and organizations were used in this analysis. Among these participants, higher levels of collaboration led to improvements in operational and relational outcomes, which together led to improvements in asset utilization, competitive position, organizational performance, and profitability.
USAGE AND PERFORMANCE IMPACT OF ELECTRONIC PROCUREMENT
Authors: Teo Thompson S. H. , Lai Kee‐hung
Published: May 2011

This study examines the relationship between the extent of electronic procurement (e‐procurement) usage, measured in different dimensions on volume, diversity, breadth, and depth, and the performance gains with respect to operations and financial performance. A survey of companies in Singapore resulted in 141 usable responses for data analyses. Findings reveal that different dimensions of e‐procurement usage have different relationships with performance.
ANTECEDENTS AND DIMENSIONS OF CUSTOMER PARTNERING BEHAVIOR IN LOGISTICS OUTSOURCING RELATIONSHIPS
Authors: Hofer Adriana Rossiter , Knemeyer A. Michael , Dresner Martin E.
Published: May 2011

In order to be successful in today's competitive environment, third‐party logistics providers (3PLs) increasingly strive to develop close, mutually beneficial long‐term relationships with customers. The current study identifies inter‐organizational conditions and firm‐specific factors that influence a firm's partnering behavior with its 3PL. A model of the antecedents and dimensions of partnering behavior is developed and tested with a diverse set of relationships between a focal 3PL and members of its customer base.
CUTTING LOGISTICS COSTS WITH OCEAN CARRIER SELECTION
Authors: Saldanha John P. , Tyworth John E. , Swan Peter F. , Russell Dawn M.
Published: May 2011

Two decades of survey research has shown that transit‐time differences among ocean carriers are often secondary considerations in carrier selection. However, this study found that shippers can pay substantial premiums for superior ocean transit‐time service, and cut logistics costs even when substantial variability occurs in landside segments of supply chains.
ENSURING SUPPLY CHAIN RESILIENCE: DEVELOPMENT OF A CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
Authors: Pettit Timothy J. , Fiksel Joseph , Croxton Keely L.
Published: May 2011

The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the Air Force, the Department of Defense, or the U.S. Government.

In a world of turbulent change, resilience is a key competency since even the most carefully designed supply chain is susceptible to unforeseen events. This article presents a new Supply Chain Resilience Framework to help businesses deal with change. The conceptual framework is based on extant literature and refined through a focus group methodology. Our findings suggest that supply chain resilience can be assessed in terms of two dimensions: vulnerabilities and capabilities. The Zone of Resilience is defined as the desired balance between vulnerabilities and capabilities, where it is proposed that firms will be the most profitable in the long term. We identified seven vulnerability factors composed of 40 specific attributes and 14 capability factors from 71 attributes that facilitate the measurement of resilience. The article concludes with managerial implications and recommendations for future research.
THE SUCCESSFUL CROSS‐DOCK BASED SUPPLY CHAIN
Authors: Vogt John Joseph
Published: May 2011

A supply chain using the cross‐dock approach can speed goods from upstream suppliers to downstream customers quickly and cost‐effectively, with benefits to the entire chain, if the appropriate type of cross‐dock is chosen and then designed, staffed and managed for effective performance. Unlike a warehouse, which offers storage, a cross‐dock is a high performance rapid transit point that does not provide storage. Although cross‐docks have been studied with some thoroughness, what has not been seen clearly is that a cross‐dock does not operate in isolation and therefore can't be optimized independently from the upstream and downstream processes. To be successful, cross‐dock optimization makes demands for high performance on all members of the supply chain in terms of speed, effective planning, high reliability, near error‐proof processes and a high degree of transparency, visibility and information‐sharing; accordingly, the article refers to this integrative perspective as a “cross‐dock based supply chain.” To make clear this interdependency between the cross‐dock and the chain based on it, a new definition that classifies types of cross‐dock based supply chains is offered. To assist scholars analyzing and industry management choosing a cross‐dock approach, cross‐dock based supply chains are classified as falling into three different types. Lastly, based on field work in industry and on literature review, nine critical success factors for cross‐dock based supply chain operations are offered.
EXPLORING THE POTENTIAL EFFECTS OF FORECASTER MOTIVATIONAL ORIENTATION AND GENDER ON JUDGMENTAL ADJUSTMENTS OF STATISTICAL FORECASTS
Authors: Eroglu Cuneyt , Knemeyer A. Michael
Published: May 2011

The growing adoption of demand collaboration initiatives such as Collaborative Planning, Forecasting, and Replenishment (CPFR) has made judgmental adjustments of forecasts, an already widespread forecasting practice, an increasingly routine part of many logistics managers' responsibilities. This article investigates how logistics managers might improve forecast accuracy by judgmentally adjusting statistical forecasts and potential factors that may influence the effectiveness of such adjustments. In particular, our goal is to expand current knowledge in this area by focusing on individual differences, specifically motivation and gender, which have been thus far neglected in the extant literature. Our findings indicate that motivation has a significant effect on accuracy improvement and this relationship is moderated by gender. Managerial implications of these findings and future research opportunities are also presented.
THE INTELLECTUAL FOUNDATION OF THE JOURNAL OF BUSINESS LOGISTICS AND ITS EVOLUTION BETWEEN 1978 AND 2007
Authors: Georgi Christoph , Darkow Inga‐Lena , Kotzab Herbert
Published: May 2011

Many logistics and supply chain management researchers have so far studied the nature of logistics and supply chain management research in terms of its domain and scope, its epistemological assumptions, and its evolution. However, the knowledge repository on which the scientific research community draws, that is, its intellectual foundation, has not yet been studied. Studying the intellectual foundation of research provides an unbiased and comprehensive picture of the development, dissemination, and utilization of its knowledge. In this article, we identify the most contributive works—in terms of citations received—that have been used in 497 articles published in the Journal of Business Logistics (JBL) between 1978 and 2007. By means of citation and co‐citation analysis, the intellectual structure of research in JBL is revealed and transformations therein are explored. Overall, the most frequently‐cited literature can be classified into six themes: physical distribution; inventory models; customer service; interorganizational relationships; competitive strategy; and empirical methodologies for socio‐scientific research. Furthermore, we determined a development in citation frequencies to these themes: literature related to physical distribution and inventory management declined over the three decades under study, whereas literature related to competitive strategy and empirical methods gained in importance. This development indicates a shift from an operational focus to a prioritization of managerial issues. Moreover, our results demonstrate a shift towards more relational and institutional research in logistics (management), which has been typically linked with the notion of supply chain management since the 1990's.
INDIVIDUAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS ON SUPPLY CHAIN INVENTORY MANAGEMENT: AN EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF INFORMATION AVAILABILITY AND PROCEDURAL RATIONALITY
Authors: Haines Russell , Hough Jill R. , Haines Douglas
Published: May 2011

Some strategies for mitigating ordering inefficiencies in supply chains advise sharing information among decision‐makers. However, there has been little consideration of how individual perceptions intervene in the use of available information in decision‐making processes. This article reports the results of an experiment in which participants were instructed to minimize inventory holding and backlog costs for their supply chains as a whole. The analysis suggests that additional information affects supply chain inventory management costs only when rational decision‐making processes are followed. Decreased costs are observed when rational decision‐making is applied with backlog information. In contrast, increased costs are observed when consumer demand information is available.
TO CHANGE OR NOT TO CHANGE: HOW MOTOR CARRIERS RESPONDED FOLLOWING 9/11
Authors: Atwater Craig , Gopalan Ram , Lancioni Richard , Hunt James
Published: May 2011

What happens when firms are confronted by a strategic surprise—defined as “sudden, urgent, unfamiliar change” (Ansoff 1975, p. 22)—such as the terrorist attacks that occurred on September 11, 2001? Numerous studies have examined how strategic change, in the aftermath of a significant environmental event, contributes to organizational survival and success. But, is strategic change the appropriate response to unexpected and disruptive environmental change? And is there a preferred trajectory for change, such that certain strategies are better suited than others to the post‐surprise environment? This exploratory research examines whether or not strategic change is an appropriate response to strategic surprise affecting the firms in the trucking industry by considering the actions of motor carriers in the aftermath of 9/11. The data evidences significant disruption to the trucking industry following the event: among the sample, mean operating ratios declined by more than 50%. While nearly 40% of the carriers studied changed strategies in the post‐9/11 environment, this did not guarantee better performance. All carriers fared worse following the attacks, but those carriers that changed strategies actually performed significantly worse than those that persisted with pre‐9/11 strategies.
CUSTOMER LOYALTY IN LOGISTICS OUTSOURCING RELATIONSHIPS: AN EXAMINATION OF THE MODERATING EFFECTS OF CONFLICT FREQUENCY
Authors: Cahill David L. , Goldsby Thomas J. , Knemeyer A. Michael , Wallenburg Carl Marcus
Published: May 2011

This research examines the moderating effect of conflict frequency on the satisfaction‐loyalty linkage in logistics outsourcing relationships. The findings suggest service satisfaction to be the primary driver of loyalty in smoothly running relationships. However, relational satisfaction takes a leading role in high conflict relationships. As turbulence increases in these important logistics service relationships, the quality of the interaction becomes a critical consideration.
A SUPPLY CHAIN‐ORIENTED APPROACH OF WORKING CAPITAL MANAGEMENT
Authors: Hofmann Erik , Kotzab Herbert
Published: May 2011

This article analyzes and illustrates the role of payment terms for working capital improvements in supply chains. So far, research has shown how individual industries and powerful companies were able to enhance their cash‐to‐cash cycles at both their supplier's and customer's expense. From a “network perspective,” the exploitation of individual advantages by a single powerful company lowers the overall financial wealth of the supply chain. Therefore, a collaborative working capital management approach is proposed, by which the cash‐to‐cash cycles of companies with the lowest weighted average cost of capital (WACC) should be extended, while companies with higher financing costs are relieved by a shortened cash‐to‐cash cycle. An unequal distribution of power, however, between supply chain members can be the main hindrance for developing a collaborative working capital management solution.
HANDLING NONRESPONSE IN LOGISTICS RESEARCH
Authors: Wagner Stephan M. , Kemmerling René
Published: May 2011

Assessing and controlling for nonresponse bias is critical for the validity and reliability of survey‐based logistics research. In order to gain a better understanding of how researchers assess and report nonresponse bias in their studies, we analyzed articles published from 1998 through 2007 in three top logistics journals (International Journal of Physical Distribution and Logistics Management, Journal of Business Logistics, Transportation Journal). We describe and explore how nonresponse has been handled in these articles. Our findings show that first, survey response rates have declined over time; this influences the generalizability of survey results in case of nonresponse. Second, an average of 44% of published mail survey articles does not mention tests for detecting nonresponse bias.
Vibrational properties of levulinic acid and furan derivatives: Raman spectroscopy and theoretical calculations
Authors: Kim Taejin , Assary Rajeev S. , Curtiss Larry A. , Marshall Christopher L. , Stair Peter C.
Published: May 2011

In this work, the Raman spectra of furan, furfuryl alcohol (FA), furfural, hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), and levulinic acid were obtained in the 500 to 4000 cm−1 spectral region at room temperature. Vibrational wavenumbers were calculated for these compounds with the B3LYP method using the 6‐31 + G(2df,p) basis set. The experimentally determined CC and CC wavenumbers for furan and furan derivatives were in good agreement with the calculated wavenumbers without scaling factor, while the calculated CO and CH wavenumbers at ∼1660 and 3000 cm−1, respectively, showed larger deviations from the measured ones. The Raman spectra for furan and furan derivatives showed intense CC bands, whereas the levulinic acid spectrum showed intense CH vibrations with broad doublet CO bands. We also found that an empirical method based on the chemical structure similarities is able to predict the HMF Raman spectrum from the combined furfural and FA spectra. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Prognostic molecular biomarkers for cutaneous malignant melanoma
Authors: Tanaka Ryo , Koyanagi Kazuo , Narita Norihiko , Kuo Christine , Hoon Dave S.B.
Published: May 2011

Molecular signatures of melanoma have propelled new approaches to early diagnosis, monitoring of treatment response, and targeted therapy. This review discusses messenger RNA (mRNA), genomic, and epigenomic melanoma biomarkers in blood and tissue specimens. The major focus is on tissue‐based molecular assays to upstage sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs), and blood‐based assays to detect melanoma progression by monitoring levels of circulating tumor cells (CTC) and circulating DNA. J. Surg. Oncol. 2011; 104:438–446. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The significance of HER‐2/neu receptor positivity and immunophenotype in ductal carcinoma in situ with early invasive disease
Authors: Harada Shuko , Mick Rosemarie , Roses Robert E. , Graves Holly , Niu Huilin , Sharma Anupama , Schueller Jeanne E. , Nisenbaum Harvey , Czerniecki Brian J. , Zhang Paul J.
Published: May 2011

Introduction

Biologic markers that predict development of invasive breast cancer (IBC) in patients diagnosed with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) are needed to improve personalized therapy. In this study, we examined the incidence of early IBC in DCIS subgroups defined by immunophenotype.

Methods

Clinical and histologic materials of 143 patients with radiographically suggesting DCIS without obvious evidence of IBC were reviewed. All patients underwent initial biopsy followed by short‐term subsequent resection. The presence of IBC, histopathologic features of DCIS and IBC, when present, and their estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and HER2 phenotypes were evaluated.

Results

Early IBC was identified on initial biopsy in 6 (4%) and subsequent resection in 24 (17%) patients. HER2 positivity in DCIS was the dominant factor associated with IBC. There was also a significant association between ER/PR/HER2+ DCIS and the presence of IBC. The ER/PR/HER2+ DCIS appeared to be the most unstable precursor, because of the highest invasion rate and frequent association with a discordant phenotype.

Conclusions

HER2 positivity and ER/PR/HER2 phenotype may be used to identify DCIS patients at higher risk of harboring or potentially developing IBC. Strategies targeting HER2 in DCIS may be of potential benefit in preventing IBC in patients with DCIS. J. Surg. Oncol. 2011; 104:458–465. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Determination of closantel and rafoxanide in animal tissues by online anionic mixed‐mode solid‐phase extraction followed by isotope dilution liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Lai Shirley Sau Ling , Yeung Hoi Sze , Lee Wai On , Ho Clare , Wong Yiu Tung
Published: May 2011

A rapid and high‐throughput isotope dilution LC‐MS/MS method with online sample pre‐concentration and clean‐up using anionic mixed‐mode SPE was described for the determination of closantel and rafoxanide in edible bovine and ovine tissues. Tissue samples were extracted with acetonitrile and acetone mixture (60:40, v/v). Sample pre‐concentration, clean‐up and analysis were completed simultaneously with the online MAX SPE LC‐MS/MS system. Closantel‐13C6 and rafoxanide‐13C6 were used as the internal standards to improve the precision of the method. The method was validated with edible ovine and bovine tissues (muscle, kidney and liver) fortified at three different levels. The accuracy and RSD were 86–106% and ≤14%, respectively. This high‐throughput method was suitable for routine quantitative analysis of closantel and rafoxanide in food safety surveillance samples.
Gas chromatography‐mass spectrometric method for metabolic profiling of tobacco leaves
Authors: Li Yong , Pang Tao , Li Yanli , Wang Xiaolin , Li Qinghua , Lu Xin , Xu Guowang
Published: May 2011

A gas chromatography‐mass spectrometric method was developed for profiling of tobacco leaves. The differentiation among tobacco leaves planted in two different regions was investigated. Prior to analysis, the extraction solvent formulation was optimized and a combination of water, methanol and acetonitrile with a volume ratio of 3:1:1 was found to be optimal. The reproducibility of the method was satisfactory. Kendall tau‐b rank correlation coefficients were equal to 1 (p<0.05) for 82% of the resolved peaks (up to 95% of the overall peak areas), indicating the good response correlation. Forty‐four compounds including 9 saccharides, 9 alcohols, 9 amino acids, 16 organic acids and phosphoric acid were identified based on standard compounds. The method was successfully applied for profiling of tobacco leaves from Zimbabwe and Yunnan of China. Our result revealed that levels of saccharides and their derivatives including xylose, ribose, fructose, glucose, turanose, xylitol and glyceric acid were more abundant while sucrose, glucitol and D‐gluconic acid were less abundant in tobacco leaves from Yunnan as compared to those from Zimbabwe. Amino acids such as L‐alanine, L‐tyrosine and L‐threonine were found to be richer in Zimbabwe tobacco than in Yunnan tobacco.
Enhancement of the capabilities of liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry with derivatization: General principles and applications
Authors: Xu Fengguo , Zou Li , Liu Ying , Zhang Zunjian , Ong Choon Nam
Published: May 2011

The integration of liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS) with derivatization is a relatively new and unique strategy that could add value and could enhance the capabilities of LC–MS‐based technologies. The derivatization process could be carried out in various analytical steps, for example, sampling, storage, sample preparation, HPLC separation, and MS detection. This review presents an overview of derivatization‐based LC–MS strategy over the past 10 years and covers both the general principles and applications in the fields of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis, biomarker and metabolomic research, environmental analysis, and food‐safety evaluation. The underlying mechanisms and theories for derivative reagent selection are summarized and highlighted to guide future studies. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc., Mass Spec Rev 30:1143–1172, 2011
Advances in mass spectrometry for the identification of pathogens
Authors: Ho Yen‐Peng , Reddy P. Muralidhar
Published: May 2011

Mass spectrometry (MS) has become an important technique to identify microbial biomarkers. The rapid and accurate MS identification of microorganisms without any extensive pretreatment of samples is now possible. This review summarizes MS methods that are currently utilized in microbial analyses. Affinity methods are effective to clean, enrich, and investigate microorganisms from complex matrices. Functionalized magnetic nanoparticles might concentrate traces of target microorganisms from sample solutions. Therefore, nanoparticle‐based techniques have a favorable detection limit. MS coupled with various chromatographic techniques, such as liquid chromatography and capillary electrophoresis, reduces the complexity of microbial biomarkers and yields reliable results. The direct analysis of whole pathogenic microbial cells with matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization MS without sample separation reveals specific biomarkers for taxonomy, and has the advantages of simplicity, rapidity, and high‐throughput measurements. The MS detection of polymerase chain reaction (PCR)‐amplified microbial nucleic acids provides an alternative to biomarker analysis. This review will conclude with some current applications of MS in the identification of pathogens. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc., Mass Spec Rev 30:1203–1224, 2011
Competition Between Online and Physical Stores: The Implications of Providing Product Information by Pure‐Play E‐tailer
Authors: Tojo Ryohei , Matsubayashi Nobuo
Published: May 2011

This paper studies the competition between a single pure‐play e‐tailer and a bricks‐and‐mortar retailer, which are originally spatially differentiated. By utilizing information and communication technology, a pure‐play e‐tailer can strategically control consumers' disutility for online purchase. However, such an action may also raise consumers' motivation to visit the physical store, which causes free‐riding by the bricks‐and‐mortar retailer. We show that in the presence of a high free‐riding effect, the e‐tailer should be willing to provide information only about ‘niche’ products, which also results in improving the welfare of all members in the market. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Egg jelly proteins stimulate directed motility in Xenopus laevis sperm
Authors: Burnett Lindsey A. , Sugiyama Hitoshi , Bieber Allan L. , Chandler Douglas E.
Published: May 2011

Previously we have shown that extracts from Xenopus egg jelly (egg water) increase the passage of sperm through a porous membrane in a dose‐dependent manner. Although this assay has shown that sperm accumulation occurs only in the presence of an egg water gradient, it has not revealed the dynamic features of how Xenopus sperm swim in such gradients. Here, we use video microscopic observations to trace sperm trajectories in a Zigmond chamber. Our results show that Xenopus sperm swim in linear and gently curving paths and only infrequently perform turns. In the presence of an egg water gradient, however, the percent of sperm swimming up the gradient axis and the net distance traveled by each sperm along this axis was increased significantly. There was no change in curvilinear velocity. Rather, the orientation of sperm travel was shifted to more closely match that of the gradient axis. In addition, using a porous filter assay, we demonstrate that the egg water protein allurin, in both purified and recombinant forms, stimulates directed motility of sperm. Finally, we use Oregon Green 488‐conjugated allurin to show that this protein binds primarily to the sperm midpiece; binding of allurin to the entire head was observed in a minor subpopulation of sperm. Dose dependence of allurin binding occurred over the 0–1 µg/ml range and correlated well with previously published dose‐dependent sperm attraction data. Binding was rapid with a half‐time of about 10 sec. These data suggest that egg water proteins bind to sperm and modify sperm‐orienting behavior. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 78:450–462, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Association between urinary incontinence in elderly patients and caregiver burden in the city of Sao Paulo/Brazil: Health, Wellbeing, and Ageing Study
Authors: Tamanini José Tadeu Nunes , Santos Jair L.F. , Lebrão Maria Lúcia , Duarte Yeda A.O. , Laurenti Ruy
Published: May 2011

Aim

Some elderly patients with incontinence require the care of third parties, known as caregivers. Such care can occur on a daily basis leaving little opportunity for the caregiver to take care of himself/herself. The aims are to assess the association between urinary incontinence in elderly patients and caregiver burden and identify independent factors for caregiver's burden in the city of Sao Paulo, Brazil.

Methods

The Pan‐American Health Organization and World Health Organization coordinated a multicenter study named Health, Wellbeing and Aging (SABE Study) in elderly people living in seven countries of Latin America and the Caribbean. In Brazil, the study population carried out in São Paulo in the year 2000 and reassessed in 2006 (COHORT A). Urinary incontinence was assessed by ICIQ‐SF and caregiver burden by means of Zarit Burden Scale.

Results

A total of 327 patients with caregivers were included in the study. The general prevalence of urinary incontinence was 25.8%, higher among the women. There was a significant positive association between caregiver burden and incontinent patients, demonstrating that urinary incontinence in elderly patients produced greater caregiver burden. In the present study, the variables with significant correlations were assessed using the multivariate logistic regression model. Category 2 of the ICIQ‐SF (incontinent patients) increased the chances of caregiver burden 1.96‐fold in comparison to Category 1 (continent patients). Likewise, the category of impaired cognition increased the chances of caregiver burden 2.34‐fold.

Conclusions

Urinary incontinence and cognitive impairment in elderly patients were associated to an increase in caregiver burden. Neurourol. Urodynam. Neurourol. Urodynam. 30:1281–1285, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Urgency severity scale could predict urodynamic detrusor overactivity in patients with overactive bladder syndrome
Authors: Chung Shiu‐Dong , Liao Chun‐Hou , Chen Yi‐Chou , Kuo Hann‐Chorng
Published: May 2011

Aims

To evaluate the correlation between an urgency severity scale (USS) based on a voiding diary with detrusor overactivity (DO) in a videourodynamic study in patients with an overactive bladder (OAB).

Methods

We prospectively enrolled 190 consecutive patients with OAB. All patients were assessed using a USS and completed a 3‐day voiding diary that recorded urgency and urgency urinary incontinence (UUI) episodes and the degree of urgency severity. The highest recorded USS score in the voiding diary was considered as the USS score. A videourodynamic study was performed, and the presence of increased bladder sensation (IBS) or DO was recorded. These clinical findings and videourodynamic data were analyzed.

Results

This study enrolled 65 men and 125 women. The mean patient age was 66.4 years (21–88). Among them, 82.6% had urodynamic DO, 7.9% had IBS, and 9.5% had normal urodynamic findings. The prevalence of DO was 50%, 76%, and 94% in patients with a USS = 2, 3, and 4, respectively. Multivariate analysis indicated that OAB wet, high USS and UUI were significantly associated with the presence of DO. Urodynamic DO was present in most patients with OAB wet (94.1%) or USS = 4 (95.5%); however, only 63.9% of OAB dry patients had DO. In the OAB dry patients, 11/25 (44%) with USS = 2, 30/42 (71%) with USS = 3, and 5/5 (100%) with USS = 4 had DO.

Conclusions

A high USS recorded in conjunction with a voiding diary and OAB wet were strongly associated with urodynamic DO. Neurourol. Urodynam. 30:1300–1304, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Correlation between improvements in overactive bladder symptom score and health‐related quality of life questionnaires in overactive bladder patients treated with an antimuscarinic drug
Authors: Kubota Yasue , Kojima Yoshiyuki , Shibata Yasuhiro , Imura Makoto , Kohri Kenjiro , Sasaki Shoichi
Published: May 2011

Aims

To evaluate the relationship between treatment‐related changes in Overactive Bladder Symptom Scores (OABSS) and health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) questionnaires.

Methods

Ninety‐five patients with OAB symptoms were enrolled. All patients completed the OABSS, International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS)‐Quality Of Life (QOL) index and King's Health Questionnaire (KHQ) at enrolment and then again 4, 8, and 12 weeks after treatment with propiverine hydrochloride 10 mg twice daily. We evaluated the relationship between treatment‐related changes in the OABSS, IPSS‐QOL, and KHQ.

Results

Statistically significant improvements were observed in all 4 OABSS subscales and total OABSS from baseline to 4 weeks with further improvements occurring at 12 weeks (all P < 0.01). The OABSS after antimuscarinic treatment correlated positively with both the IPSS‐QOL index and KHQ domain scores. There was a moderate but statistically significant correlation between the change in total OABSS and 2 OABSS subscales (urinary urgency and urge incontinence) and improvement in the IPSS‐QOL index (P < 0.01). Treatment‐related changes in total OABSS were significantly correlated with changes in six KHQ domains. Moderate but statistically significant correlations were observed between the change in total OABSS and impact on life, physical limitations, emotions, and severity measures (r > 0.30, P < 0.05). Small but statistically significant correlations were observed between the change in total OABSS and role limitations or social limitations (P < 0.05).

Conclusions

Improvement in the OABSS correlated with improvements in HRQOL after treatment. The OABSS is a useful tool to evaluate OAB symptom severity after medical treatment. Neurourol. Urodynam. 30:1309–1314, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Error bounds on block Gauss–Seidel solutions of coupled multiphysics problems
Authors: Whiteley J. P. , Gillow K. , Tavener S. J. , Walter A. C.
Published: May 2011

Mathematical models in many fields often consist of coupled sub‐models, each of which describes a different physical process. For many applications, the quantity of interest from these models may be written as a linear functional of the solution to the governing equations. Mature numerical solution techniques for the individual sub‐models often exist. Rather than derive a numerical solution technique for the full coupled model, it is therefore natural to investigate whether these techniques may be used by coupling in a block Gauss–Seidel fashion. In this study, we derive two a posteriori bounds for such linear functionals. These bounds may be used on each Gauss–Seidel iteration to estimate the error in the linear functional computed using the single physics solvers, without actually solving the full, coupled problem. We demonstrate the use of the bound first by using a model problem from linear algebra, and then a linear ordinary differential equation example. We then investigate the effectiveness of the bound using a non‐linear coupled fluid‐temperature problem. One of the bounds derived is very sharp for most linear functionals considered, allowing us to predict very accurately when to terminate our block Gauss–Seidel iteration. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The molecular pathogenesis of STAT3‐driven gastric tumourigenesis in mice is independent of IL‐17
Authors: Kennedy Catherine L , Najdovska Meri , Jones Gareth W , McLeod Louise , Hughes Norman R , Allison Cody , Huey Ooi Chia , Tan Patrick , Ferrero Richard L , Jones Simon A , Dev Anouk , Sievert William , Bhathal Prithi S , Jenkins Brendan J
Published: May 2011

Chronic activation of the gastric mucosal adaptive immune response is a characteristic trait of gastric cancer. It has recently emerged that a new class of T helper (Th) cells, defined by their ability to produce interleukin (IL)‐17A (Th17), is associated with a host of inflammatory responses, including gastritis. However, the role of these Th17 cells in the pathogenesis of gastric cancer is less clear. To formally address this, we employed gp130F/F mice, which spontaneously develop gastric inflammation‐associated tumours akin to human intestinal‐type gastric cancer. At the molecular level, these tumours demonstrate hyper‐activation of the latent transcription factor signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)3 via the IL‐6 cytokine family member, IL‐11. In gp130F/F mice, the generation of Th17 cells, as well as the gastric expression of IL‐17a and other Th17‐related factors (Rorγt, IL‐23), were augmented compared to wild‐type gp130+/+ mice. Consistent with a role for IL‐6 and STAT3 in regulating IL‐17A, increased Th17 generation and gastric expression of Th17‐related factors in gp130F/F mice were reduced to wild‐type levels in gp130F/F:Stat3−/+ mice displaying normalized STAT3 activity, and also in gp130F/F:IL‐6−/− mice. Importantly, genetic ablation of IL‐17A in gp130F/F:IL‐17a−/− mice did not suppress the initiation and growth of gastric tumours. Furthermore, IL‐17A and RORC gene expression was strongly increased in human gastric biopsies from patients with gastritis, but not gastric cancer. Collectively, our data suggest that increased expression of Th17‐related factors does not correlate with the molecular pathogenesis of gastric tumourigenesis.# Copyright © 2011 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.