bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Guillain-Barre syndrome in pregnancy- a rare entity
Authors: Pakhale Snehal W. , Sehra Angela , Bhardwaj Seema
Published: October 2020

Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) is a rare, autoimmune disorder. Estimated incidence is 0.62 to 2.66 cases per 100000 people annually. We report a case of GBS in 29 years old primigravida with pre-gestational diabetes mellitus controlled on insulin, who presented at 7 weeks of the period of gestation with complaints of numbness in both hands and fingers. After 3 days of hospital admission, she had progressive weakness in both limbs and difficulty in walking. MRI of the brain and spinal cord done to exclude other possible causes and was normal. All the other blood investigations including electrolytes were normal. Nerve conduction velocity test was suggestive of acute inflammatory demyelinating axonal motor polyneuropathy and diagnosis of GBS was made. She was managed by multidisciplinary approach in intensive care unit. The patient improved after plasmapheresis and supportive measures as thromboembolism prophylaxis and physiotherapy. Patient was discharged after 2 weeks of hospital stay and had no residual symptoms after 1 month. She was readmitted at 32 weeks of gestation with severe preeclampsia and underwent emergency cesarean section delivering 1.9 kg male baby. She was discharged on day 4 of cesarean section and followed in postpartum period for complications. To summarize, GBS can appear at any stage of pregnancy & postpartum. Diagnosis can be delayed, so needs high index of clinical suspicion. Early diagnosis along with prompt intensive multidisciplinary supportive care improves outcomes for the mother and foetus.
Spontaneous pregnancy following post in vitro fertilization ruptured tubal ectopic pregnancy
Authors: Nahar Kirty , Nahar Nikita
Published: October 2020

Ectopic pregnancy (EP) is a dramatic life threatening event in a woman’s reproductive life, especially after a long, expensive and difficult course of treatment for infertility. EP accounts around 1–2% of all natural conceptions, and this prevalence increases following assisted reproductive techniques, to range between 2.1% and 8.6% and it can reach up to 11% in women with tubal factors infertility history. A 32 year old female, primigravida presented at emergency department of Apollo Hospitals, Ahmedabad with complaints of amenorrhoea 2 months, severe pain abdomen associated with vomiting, difficulty in breathing and bleeding per vagina on and off. She was a case of primary infertility with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) who had conceived after difficulty with in vitro fertilization (IVF), resulted in ruptured right tubal ectopic pregnancy. She underwent exploratory laparotomy followed by removal of right ectopic pregnancy, right salpingectomy and peritoneal lavage. Early diagnosis, timely intervention and prompt surgical management could save the patient’s life. Later on she conceived spontaneously and had an eventful and complicated pregnancy. She presented at 35 weeks of pregnancy with preterm labour pain and underwent emergency caesarean section for fetal distress. She delivered a healthy male child and had a successful obstetric outcome. Diagnosis of ruptured tubal ectopic pregnancy is made based on patient’s history, clinical acumen, serum beta human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) levels and pelvic ultrasound. Ectopic pregnancy should be suspected in patients with an adnexal mass even in absence of risk factors. Clinicians must be alert to the fact that assisted reproductive techniques as a treatment for infertility can result into ectopic pregnancy. This case highlights the fact that patient who underwent IVF treatment resulting in ruptured tubal ectopic pregnancy can have spontaneous conception and a successful obstetric outcome.
Acute right lower limb deep venous thrombosis due to pressure from large adenomyotic uterus-laparoscopic management
Authors: Anagani Manjula , Agrawal Prabha , Agrawal Rahul
Published: October 2020

A 48-year lady came with abnormal uterine bleeding with 22 weeks size adenomyotic uterus compressing on right common iliac, external iliac and femoral vein leading to acute deep venous thrombosis (DVT). She had history of severe anaemia secondary to menorrhagia with multiple blood transfusions and medical management with tranexamic acid and oral and intrauterine progesterone for 2 years. She presented with right leg swelling and discoloration for 1 day, and a doppler ultrasound confirmed an extensive DVT. Limb saving procedure was taken up immediately with right femoral vein catheterization and venoplasty followed by heparin infusion and thrombolysis for total 48 hours. After 12 hours of stopping heparin drip total laparoscopic hysterectomy was done in view of continuous bleeding and to decrease pressure on iliac vessels. Post-operative heparin infusion started in 8 hours and patient was discharged in stable condition 48 hours post-surgery. Histopathological examination confirmed adenomyosis with weight of specimen being 1.5 kg.  Large uterine fibroids are a well-known cause of DVT and/or pulmonary embolism (PE). However, reports of large uterine adenomyosis causing DVT secondary to pelvic compression are scanty.
Vaginal leiomyoma, post hysterectomy, mimicking vault prolapse: case report
Authors: Behura Jharna , Bagga Poonam , Mathur Anjali
Published: October 2020

Leiomyomas are common benign smooth muscle tumours of the uterus. Leiomyoma of the vagina are very rare with only about 300 reported cases. Correct diagnosis and differentiation from urethral lesions are important but is usually difficult on clinical examination alone. A 40-year P3L3, with a previous history of abdominal hysterectomy 5 years back, for multiple fibroids presented with complaints of a mass descending per-vagina since the last 2 years. Since the last 6 months she had dyspareunia, dysuria and perineal discomfort. On external appearance the mass looked like a vault prolapse. However, on vaginal examination, it appeared as a single well circumscribed mass arising from the anterior vaginal wall and the vault. Transvaginal sonography showed a hypoechoic mass arising from the anterior vaginal wall of dimension 50×54×63 mm pressing on the urethra. Contrast CT revealed a rounded homogeneous well-defined soft tissue density mass lesion measuring approximately 63×52 mm in the region of the vaginal vault interposed between the bladder base and the rectum. Bilateral ovaries and adnexa appeared normal. Surgical excision of the tumour through the vagina was done. Histopathology confirmed leiomyoma.  The diagnosis of vaginal leiomyoma is based on careful examination and preoperative imaging both by ultrasonography and a CT scan/MRI for ascertaining its location, extent, its relationship to adjacent structures and characterization before attempting surgical excision. The correct clinical diagnosis of a vaginal fibroid is frequently overlooked in favour of much more common urethral diverticulum.
İSVEÇ KRALI XII. KARL’IN OSMANLI DEVLETİ’NDE İKÂMETİNİN BOĞDAN’A ETKİSİ VE NİKOLAOS MAVROKORDATOS
Authors: CEVRİOĞLU Mahmut Halef
Published: October 2020

İsveç Kralı XII. Karl’ın memleketinden yıllarca uzakta geçen savaşlarla ve maceralarla dolu hayatı kuşaklar boyu tarihçilerin ilgisini çekmiş, hatta Türkiye’den de Ahmet Refik Altınay ve Akdes Nimet Kurat gibi araştırmacılar da bu konuda çalışmışlardır. Ancak yine de dönemin Tuna Voyvodalıkları (Eflak-Boğdan) ile Bender’deki İsveç ordugâhı arasında olan bitenler yeterince bu ilgiden nasiplenememiştir. Bu sebeple mevcut çalışma Boğdan Prensi Nikolaos Mavrokordatos ile Bender’deki İsveç idaresi arasında cereyan eden muhaberat ve münasebata odaklanacaktır. Dönemin diplomatik belgeleri (Hurmuzaki tarafından yayınlanmış olanlar ile birlikte) bu ilişkiyi muayene etmek için fırsat tanımak-tayken, XVIII. asrın Batı Avrupa gazeteleri de İsveç Kralının Osmanlı Devleti’ndeki ikametine ilişkin bir kronoloji izlemek adına zemin hazırlamaktadır. Bu açıdan Prens Mavrokordatos’un yazışmaları, Boğdan Prensliğine (Voyvodalığına) ve İsveç ordugâhına dair haberlerle birlikte değerlendirilecektir
İSTANBUL/UZUNÇARŞI YANGINI (1911) İÇİN TRABZON VİLAYETİNDEN TOPLANAN YARDIMLAR
Authors: ÖKSÜZ Melek
Published: October 2020

Yangınlar her dönem İstanbul’un adeta korkulu rüyası olmuştur. Şehirde meydana gelen bu yangınlar sonucunda maddi manevi pek çok kayıp yaşanmıştır. Dikkatsizlik, kundaklama başlıca yangın nedenlerini oluştururken şehrin mimari yapılanması, söndürme tekniklerinin yetersizliği ve rüzgâr gibi faktörler yangının genişlemesine sebebiyet vermiştir. 20.yüzyılın ilk çeyreğinde meydana gelen önemli yangınlardan birisi 1911 yılında Uzunçarşı’da çıkmış ve kısa zamanda geniş bir alana yayılarak tahribatı büyük olmuştur.

İstanbul’da meydana gelen bu felaket, hemen Trabzon’da da yankı bulmuştur. Vali Bey başkanlığında şehrin ileri gelenlerinin yer aldığı bir komisyon oluşturularak yardım toplanmıştır. Vilayete bağlı sancak ve kazalarda da aynı şekilde yardım faaliyetleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Yerel bir gazete olan “Trabzon’da Meşveret” yangın ile ilgili haberleri okuyucularla paylaşarak bu konuda halkı bilgilendirmeye çalışmıştır. Aynı zamanda Vilayet dâhilinde komisyonlar aracılığı ile toplanan yardımların listeleri de gazetede yayınlanmıştır.

Bu çalışmada, “Trabzon’da Meşveret” gazetesine göre 1911 tarihli Uzunçarşı yangınının yerele nasıl yansıdığı ortaya konulacak ve Trabzon Vilayetinden yangın-zedeler için toplanan yardımlar değerlendirilecektir.
AKÇAABAT / ORTAMAHALLE GİYİM KÜLTÜRÜ (1930-1970)
Authors: AYDIN Nazmiye
Published: October 2020

Trabzon ilinin batı sahilinde yer alan Akçaabat, kültüründe Roma, Bizans, Komnenos ve Osmanlı döneminin izlerini barındıran tarihi yerleri, zengin ve köklü kültürü, folkloru, jeopolitik konumu, coğrafik yapısı, çok zengin bitki örtüsüyle Doğu Karadeniz’in en eski yerleşim yerlerinden biridir.
Antik çağdan günümüze Akçaabat ve çok sayıda tarihi eseriyle Ortamahalle, 19 yy. Osmanlı dönemi sivil mimarlık örneği tarihi evleri, dar sokakları, merdivenleri, duvarları, çeşmeleri ile geçmişin izlerini günümüze taşımaktadır.
Akçaabat’ın diğer mahallelerine göre hep farklılık göstermiş Ortamahalle’de aile içinde, kadınlar tarafından kuşaktan kuşağa aktarılan bilgi, beceri ve deneyimler sonucu ortaya çıkmış giyim kültürü bu çalışmanın konusu olmuş, 1930’lu yıllardan itibaren Ortamahalle’de giyim kültürüne yön veren mahalle terzileri ve bu terziler tarafından Ortamahalle’de yaşamış kişilere dikilen gelinlik, gelin ağırlığı, nişan, nikâh, sokak ve ev kıyafetleri, erkek, çocuk, okul kıyafetleri araştırılmış, yaşamın içinde oluşan giyim kültürü saptanmaya çalışılmıştır.
Çalışmayı gerçekleştirmek için literatür taraması yapılarak çalışmanın bilimsel bir tabana oturtulması sağlanmış, araştırmada alan araştırması, kaynak kişi görüşmesi ve yerinde gözlem teknikleri kullanılmış, araştırma fotoğraflar ile belgelenmiştir.
TARİH VE LİTERATÜRDE TRABZON İMPARATORLUĞU
Authors: KEÇİŞ Murat , ALİYAZICIOĞLU Zeynep İnan
Published: October 2020

Alexander Aleandrovich VASILIEV’in “The Empire of Trebizond in History and Literature” (Byzantion, XV/I (1940-1941), s. 316-377.) adıyla kaleme aldığı, Murat KEÇİŞ ve Zeynep İNAN ALİYAZICI-OĞLU’nun “Tarih ve Literatürde Trabzon İmparatorluğu” adıyla Türkçe literatüre kazandırdıkları yazı, 1204-1461 yılları arasında Doğu Karadeniz bölgesinde hüküm sürmüş devlet hakkında okurlara yeni ve özgün bilgiler sunmaktadır.

"Yıllar önce, tam olarak 1889 yazında, Rusya’nın St. Petersburg Üniversite-sinde öğrenciyken, Kafkasya’dan İstanbul’a seyahatim sırasında, Türkiye’de ikinci sınıf bir liman şehri olan Trabzon’u ziyaret ettim. O zamanlar, Trabzon’un uzun bir süre sonra özel ilgi alanım olacağını bilmiyordum. Henüz daha çok gençken, nedenini söylemek çok zor ama Trabzon’un cazibesi hayal dünyamda güçlü bir etki bırakmıştı ve onun cazibesine kapılan tek kişi ben değildim. Bir yüzyıldan uzun zaman önce Trabzon tarihinin ilk bilimsel çalışmasını kaleme alan Alman tarihçi ve filolog Fallmerayer’e göre Trabzon “hoş ve ahenkli adıyla” “gençliğinin ilk dönem-lerinde onun hayallerinin ülkesiydi.” Hakikatten gemi güvertesinden görünen uçsuz bucaksız yemyeşil dağlar arasında yer alan Trabzon’un panoraması adeta unutul-mazdır.

XIV. yüzyılda Trabzon’un imparatorluk tarihçisi Mikhail Panaretos, sarayın sıkıcı ama güvenilir bir anlatısını kaydettiği saray Kroniğiyle başka yerlerde bilin-meyen pek çok gerçeği ortaya çıkardı ve Trabzon İmparatorluğu tarihini ilk kez bir düzene sokarak okumamıza imkân sağladı. Ayrıca İstanbul’da doğmasına rağmen din adamı olarak Trabzon’da görev yapan Panaretos’un çağdaşı Andreas Libadenos, şehrin ve şehrin tarihiyle bağlantılı bazı olayların ilgi çekici bir tasvirini ardında bırakmıştı. XV. yüzyılda Trabzon’u ziyaret eden iki İspanyol seyyah Ruy Gonzales de Clavijo ile Pero Tafur şehrin ve küçük imparatorluğun genel durumunun son derece önemli bir resmini bize sunmuştur. İmparatorluğun yıkıma yaklaştığı XV. yüzyılda bile Trabzon, yazarlara ilham kaynağı olmuştur. Bu dönemde İznikli Bessarion ve Ioannes Eugenikos, ünlü Encomialarını [Övgü] kaleme almışlardı."...
Power Quality Investigation by Reduced Switching UPQC
Authors: Kumar Pradeep
Published: October 2020

In this paper, nine switches UPQC topology with different control techniques have been depicted and compared their performances to accomplish clear inspection of the best control techniques. As conventional UPQC having twelve switches of six legs enhances the switching losses, circuit complication, costly etc. Hence nine switches UPQC topology is intended to reduce the switching losses, complexity, size and cost. This proposed topology has only three legs with three switches in each leg making total number of nine switches. The three control techniques such as Unit vector template, PQ theory and Synchronous reference frame theory have been employed in the nine switch UPQC topology. The simulation has been carried out separately for each control technique in MATLAB/SIMPOWER environment and results have been verified for higher efficiency of nine switch UPQC topology. The comparative THD of source currents and load voltages under these control techniques have been analysed. The obtained THD values are below 5% as per IEEE-519 standard.
Reconciliation Needs Remembrance: The German-Polish Case
Authors: Franzenburg Geert
Published: October 2020

Pojednanie wymaga pamięci: przypadek niemiecko-polski

Artykuł podkreśla zależności między pojednaniem i pamięcią poprzez ocenę, z ekumenicznie zorientowanej perspektywy luterańskiej, przykładów dyskursów niemiecko-polskich w XX wieku, dotyczących aspektów wewnątrzosobowych, międzyosobowych, wewnątrzkulturowych, międzykulturowych i transkulturowych. Opierając się na badaniach nad pamięcią, pojednaniem oraz na parnerstwie między Münster i Lublinem, formułuje pewien program jednającej pamięci jako narzędzia dla wspólnych projektów dialogu ekumenicznego i transkulturowego poprzez dzielenie doświadczeń oraz umożliwianie rytuałów, które czynią te projekty zrównoważonymi.
Wszechmocny Bóg i niewolna wola. Kluczowe motywy luterskiej teologii w interpretacji współczesnych badaczy jego spuścizny
Authors: Sojka Jerzy
Published: October 2020

Artykuł skupia się na dwóch wątkach teologii Marcina Lutra – jego wizji Boga i pojmowaniu wolności woli. Czyni to przez pryzmat dwóch współczesnych interpretacji teologii Reformatora przygotowanych przez renomowanych luterologów – Oswalda Bayera i Hansa-Martina Bartha. Ich odmienne w swej perspektywie i uporządkowaniu analizy ukazują teologię Marcina Lutra jako przepojoną radykalną wizją Boga wszechmocnego i pasywnego człowieka, który nie posiada wolności woli w kwestii zbawienia. Te rekonstrukcje teologii wittenberczyka zostały wpisane w pochodzącą od Albrechta Beutela diagnozę kluczowych struktur teologii Marcina Lutra: jej zakorzenienie w chrystocentrycznej wykładni Pisma Świętego, jej pojmowanie w kategoriach sztuki rozróżniania oraz jej oparcie na doświadczeniu.
Analysis of Humor on Cartoon Comics "Be Like Bro": Pragmatics Study
Authors: Puri Anindita Dewangga , Baskara FX. Risang
Published: October 2020

This article aims to identify the types of violation of conversational maxims created by cartoon comic entitled “Be Like Bro” in the English version and also to describe how the humorous situation can be created from those violations. There are two findings in this research. First, those six data show that there is a violation of conversational maxims, which are the maxim of quantity, the maxim of relevance, and the maxim of manner. Those six data also show that the humorous situation is creating by incongruent meaning in the conversation and releasing the feeling. Keywords: humor, cooperative principles, context, pragmatics
Sugarcane Green Harvest Effects on Arthropod Ground Predators and Lesser Cornstalk Borer (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) Damage
Authors: Sandhu Hardev , Cherry Ron , Nadeem Mubashar
Published: October 2020

A field trial was conducted to determine the effects of harvest method (green cane harvest versus preharvest burning) and different crop residue removal treatments on the populations of ground-inhabiting arthropod predators and Elasmopalpus lignosellus (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in the first ratoon crop. Neither preharvest burning nor percentage crop residue removal after green cane harvest had any significant effect on the numbers of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) (F = 1.00; df = 4; P = 0.412) or spiders (Araneae) (F = 0.08; df = 4; P = 0.921) captured in pitfall traps. In contrast, crop residue levels remaining after green cane harvest significantly impacted E. lignosellus damage to the ratoon crop, with increased damage associated with lower levels of residue. Removal of ≥66% of the crop residue caused a significant (F = 132.68; df = 3; P < 0.001) increase in E. lignosellus damage that would likely reduce sugarcane yield, while 33% of the residue could be removed without increasing damage. Overall, our data indicate that green cane harvesting will not affect arthropod ground predators but may reduce the risk of E. lignosellus damage.
9s-Ssi: Proposta, Análise E Modulação
Authors: Acosta Rodrigues Leonardo , Brum Chaves Diego , Bovolini Grigoletto Felipe
Published: October 2020

A topologia Nine-Switch (9S) é uma interessante alternativa frente ao tradicional inversor back-to-back trifásico, pois permite a redução do número de interruptores de potência. Por outro lado, algumas aplicações dispõem de tensões CC menores que o valor mínimo requerido para síntese da tensão alternada de saída, sendo necessário o emprego de um estágio CC-CC adicional. Neste sentido, o inversor com fonte dividida ou Split-Source Inverter (SSI) agrega a elevação e inversão de tensão em um único estágio de processamento de energia, dispensando múltiplos conversores. Este artigo propõe a topologia 9S-SSI que une as características de dupla porta bidirecional trifásica conjuntamente com o estágio de elevação de tensão CC. É proposta uma estratégia de modulação PWM abordada de forma vetorial e escalar. Ambas abordagens são correlatas, contudo a primeira permite a escolha direta dos vetores de comutação enquanto que a segunda possui a vantagem da facilidade de implementação. Além disso, uma análise de perdas e o dimensionamento dos dispositivos de potência são apresentados. Resultados de simulação e experimentais são apresentados para demonstrar o bom desempenho da topologia e estratégias de modulação propostas.
Re-translations to Paratexts to Children’s Literature: The Diversity of Literary Translation
Authors: Kaloh Vid Natalia
Published: October 2020

This monography consists of three sections: the testing of a re-translation hypothesis accompanied by a textual analysis of translations of Mikhail Bulgakov’s works from Russian into English, the role of metatexts, i.e. prefaces and notes, and their function and role in establishing the target readers’ interpretative coordinates and, finally, translations of children’s literature, C. Collodi’s Pinnochio and L. Carroll’s novel Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland, with an emphasis on the role of ideology and the use of domesticating strategies. I hoped to attract the reader’s attention by focusing on various aspects of literary translation and each section can be read and studied separately.
The study of genetic factors that determine the awned glume trait in bread wheat
Authors: Dobrovolskaya O. B. , Dresvyannikova A. E. , Badaeva E. D. , Popova K. I. , Trávníčková M. , Martinek P.
Published: October 2020

Awns are bristle‐like structures, typically extending from the tip end of the lemmas in the florets of cereal species, including such economically important crops as wheat (Triticum aestivum L., T. durum Desf.), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), rice (Oryza sativa L.), and rye (Secale cereale L.). The presence of long awns adhered at tip end of glumes is a characteristic feature of “Persian wheat” T. carthlicum Nevski spike. Glume outgrowth of T. carthlicum Nevski spike passes into a long awn, equal in length to the lemma awn. Awned glumes can be formed in T. aestivum and T. aethiopicum wheats, however, such forms are rare. Features of the awned glume development and the genetic determinants of this trait have been little studied. In this paper, we described the features of the development and inheritance of the tetra-awness (awned glume) trait of the bread wheat T. aestivum line CD 1167-8, using classical genetic analysis, molecular genetic mapping, and scanning electron microscopy. It was shown that the trait is inherited as a recessive monogenic. The gene for the awned glume trait of CD 1167-8 was mapped in the long arm of chromosome 5A, using the Illumina Infinium 15K Wheat Array (TraitGenetics GmbH), containing 15,000 SNPs associated with wheat genes. Results of allelism test and molecular-genetic mapping suggest that the gene for awned glumes in bread wheat is a recessive allele of the B1 awn suppressor. This new allele was designated the b1.ag (b1. awned glume). Analysis of the CD 1167-8 inflorescence development, using scanning electron microscopy, showed that awns had grown from the top of the lemmas and glumes simultaneously, and no differences in patterns of their development were found.
Compositional analysis and cross-cultural examination of blue and blue-green post-fire colorants on Tolita-Tumaco ceramics
Authors: Reiss Breanna F. , Spilde Michael , Peterson Eric
Published: October 2020

Este estudio explora los colorantes azules y azul-verdoso utilizados por la cultura Tolita-Tumaco de las costas antiguas de Ecuador y Colombia. Utilizando la difracción de Rayos X (DRX) y la microscopía electrónica de barrido (SEM) con la espectroscopía de energía dispersiva (EDS), se analizaron muestras de cada uno de los colorantes azul y azul-verdoso para identificar las composicións mineral. La muestra azul verdosa de una cerámica encontrada en La Tolita fue identificada como celadonita o glauconita. Las pruebas de DRX y SEM en una muestra azul de un fragmento de figurilla de cerámica encontrado a lo largo del río Mataje se identificaron tentativamente como los anfíboles sódicos glaucofano y riebeckite. Las pruebas de DRX sugieren además otros minerales que pueden afectar el color, como la cordierita, antigorita y celadonita o glauconita. La comparación intercultural proporciona información sobre cómo los grupos ecuatorianos costeros utilizaron estos colorantes y ejemplifica la naturaleza innovadora detrás de su creación. Parece que el desarrollo de azul y azul verdosa ecuatoriano se derivó de las tradiciones de colorantes locales, con algunas fuentes de pigmentos localizadas.
Technology and organization of black pottery production on the north coast of Peru
Authors: Shimada Izumi , Wagner Ursel
Published: October 2020

Not all «black» pottery was produced in the same manner just as their social and symbolic uses and reasons for production varied a good deal. Nor are many examples truly black. The Middle Sicán culture (AD 900-1100) on the north coast of Peru distinguished itself with the perfection and large-scale production of black pottery made of fine paste. Based on our «holistic» study of a Middle Sicán workshop (including experimental firing and detailed chemical analyses of both archaeological and experimental samples), we present a detailed characterization of the blackware production technology and organization. Our study revealed that the glossy Middle Sicán blackware resulted from various factors including firing under strongly reducing conditions in small semi-closed kilns, an even carbon deposition on the vessel surface as well as penetration into the body, and the formation of graphite crystals on the well-burnished surface. Chimú reduced ware, in contrast, is typically made of coarser pastes, not as well burnished, and fired in relatively large “pit kilns” that did not permit a tight control over temperature and atmosphere. We infer that the prestige of the Middle Sicán religion and its art together with the lustrous, truly black appearance of the pottery that had been rarely achieved before played an important role in establishing the popularity of black pottery not only in the Sicán heartland but also much of the coastal Peru.
El establecimiento de la Inquisición en Brasil: un proyecto frustrado
Authors: Santos Pereira Ana Margarida
Published: October 2020

La Inquisición de Lisboa extendió su jurisdicción a los territorios portugueses del Atlántico, incluido, por supuesto, Brasil. Aun así, las autoridades religiosas y también los propios colonos, o al menos algunos, solicitaron con frecuencia el establecimiento de un tribunal en la colonia portuguesa de América. En este artículo, analizaremos los proyectos que se discutieron en el siglo XVII con miras a lograr ese objetivo. A partir de la información contenida en la documentación inquisitorial, intentaremos demostrar que la monarquía portuguesa, la Iglesia y la Inquisición tenían intereses dispares y esto fue decisivo para que ninguna de las propuestas en discusión se pusiera en práctica.
Plateros para el Inca: la traducción de documentos en lengua general al castellano en la Audiencia de Lima a fines del siglo XVII
Authors: De La Puente Luna José Carlos
Published: October 2020

Un documento de 1693 esclarece la labor de traducción de testimonios escritos en lengua general al castellano por parte de los intérpretes de los naturales de la Audiencia de Lima. El caso demuestra el uso oficial de la escritura en quechua como vehículo de la justicia ordinaria y refuerza la idea de que la labor de interpretación en un contexto plurilingüe como el del circuito de la Audiencia fue posible gracias al uso de una o más variantes estándar de quechua, por parte de traductores y litigantes, hasta bien entrado el siglo XVII.
Los humedales en la evaluación de impacto ambiental del propuesto aeropuerto de Chinchero
Authors: Soria Dall’Orso Carlos Antonio Martin
Published: October 2020

Este articulo revisa, a la luz del marco legal aplicable, algunos aspectos del Estudio de Impacto Ambiental (en adelante el EIA) de la propuesta de construcción y operación de un aeropuerto en Chinchero (ACON & Kuntur Wasi 2015), relativos al análisis del impacto potencial de dicha obra sobre el sistema de humedales altoandinos con alto valor natural, cultural y socioeconómico. Primero se presentan detalles básicos del distrito y pueblo de Chinchero, del propuesto aeropuerto de Chinchero y de los humedales. A seguir, se revisa la caracterización del EIA de los posibles impactos ambientales sobre el recurso agua. Luego se presentan los componentes del sistema de humedales altoandinos de Chinchero. Con este contexto se analiza la caracterización de los impactos ambientales en el EIA y qué elementos debieron constar en este, y con ello se revisa el marco legal aplicable para formular algunas conclusiones. Las deficiencias de la línea base y las ausencias evidencian la pobre revisión del documento y del área de estudio durante el proceso de certificación y durante la fiscalización ambiental. La caracterización de los impactos ambientales sobre el sistema hídrico de humedales altoandinos de Chinchero es una grave ausencia. Las conclusiones permiten identificar acciones que las autoridades del sistema de gestión ambiental deben tomar para corregir las insuficiencias y poder evaluar de manera certera el impacto ambiental de la obra sobre el sistema hídrico de humedales altoandinos.
«Coronavirus» como manchachi. Notas acerca de las concepciones y conductas ante el miedo
Authors: Mujica Bermúdez Luis
Published: October 2020

El artículo analiza el significado del término manchasqa o mancharisqa (asustado) en tiempos del coronavirus o SARS-Cov-2 entre los pobladores en una zona andina quechua y las conductas que adoptan ante la amenaza de la expansión del virus en el contexto de emergencia dispuesta por el Gobierno peruano. Se revisa el concepto del «susto» (manchasqa) recurriendo a la tradición mítica quechua, a la médica, a las ciencias sociales y a las humanas, como la psicología y la filosofía. Se propone una tipología, a modo de hipótesis, de las formas de entender el mancharisqa (estar asustado) en una zona de los andes.
Comparación de los niveles de ruido, normativa y gestión de ruido ambiental en Lima y Callao respecto a otras ciudades de Latinoamérica
Authors: Gamero Motta Héctor Guillermo
Published: October 2020

Debido al vertiginoso crecimiento económico, demográfico y a las constantes migraciones a la capital, Lima se ha convertido en un conglomerado de focos donde el ruido sobrepasa los niveles recomendados por la OMS. De ahí la importancia de hacer un análisis del ruido en la capital, con el fin de compararlo con otros países y estudiar la normativa que regula la contaminación acústica, para así dar a conocer las razones por las cuales la problemática del ruido debe ser solucionada. De la comparación hecha entre las ciudades elegidas (Lima, Bogotá y Santiago), se determinó que el ruido en Santiago es menor y está mejor controlado que en Lima y Bogotá, mientras que estos dos comparten realidades similares respecto a niveles de ruido. En el marco legal, los tres países tienen un sólido sistema normativo, pero en el caso del Perú, este empezó al menos una década tarde, ya que Chile y Colombia empezaron a preocuparse por ese problema desde los noventa. Es más, Chile sigue llevando la ventaja ya que posee un plan de gestión del ruido ambiental en donde expone medidas para su control. Todos estos factores hacen sentido en que la sociedad chilena está más a la vanguardia en temas de gestión de la contaminación acústica que la peruana, y su realidad se alinea más a los países referentes en acústica en el mundo.Bajo este modelo, es importante que las autoridades reflexionen sobre la problemática ambiental del ruido y puedan tomar como punto de partida el análisis brindado en este estudio para una mejor gestión del ruido ambiental en Lima y el resto del Perú.
PENGARUH MAKROPRUDENSIAL DAN MIKROPRUDENSIAL TERHADAP HARGA SAHAM
Authors: Saputri Oktoviana Banda
Published: October 2020

The existence of Islamic banking in Indonesia still not as advanced the spirit of Islamic economic life significantly. Based on Indonesia Stock Exchange data, PT Bank Panin Dubai Syariah, Tbk (PNBS) has the first Islamic banking to register on the stock exchange on January 15, 2014. This reasearch’s aim to analyze indicators that have a greater effect on changes in stock price index . There are six independent variables that are predicted to affect the PNBS stock price. Based on the macro indicators of inflation, exchange rate and BI 7day repo rate, while micro indicators consist of total assets, DPK growth, and the amount of profit (loss). Data collection using secondary data obtained from several sources. By using time series regression analysis followed by the ARCH model, while in the short term testing using the ECM method. Based on results, the short-term output is closer to theory and hypothesis compared to long-term testing and macroprudential indicators have a greater effect on the PNBS stock price index than macroprudential indicators. This study provides recommendations that improving financial performance is very important for the Islamic banking industry.
El mundo necesita más artistas. Reflexiones sobre el arte en y desde Utopía
Authors: Hernández Bello Álvaro
Published: October 2020

En sus 10 años, el proyecto Utopía ha permitido desplazar la frontera de lo posible, dotando a la comunidad universitaria lasallista de una nueva imaginación y exigiéndole, por lo tanto, una nueva forma de relacionarnos con lo posible. En la tensión utópica, que pone en relación la realidad y su posibilidad —como en el Reino de Dios—, el lenguaje del arte se convierte en un destino factible y necesario. Siendo la utopía, ante todo, un acto expresivo, nos invita a pensar en los lenguajes con los que se escribe y se describe esa nueva realidad, las otras narrativas que le quitan a la guerra su palabra única y su hegemonía en el discurso. El presente artículo busca iniciar una reflexión sobre la formación artística en la universidad —y su importancia—, en y a partir del campus de Yopal
La inclusión social en proyectos productivos
Authors: Roa Mendoza Claudia Patricia , Flechas Hernández David Leonardo , Alzate Meza Juan Pablo
Published: October 2020

El reto de la inclusión social en proyectos productivos se ha constituido en el derrotero de la alianza entre la Universidad de La Salle y la Fundación Saldarriaga Concha que pretende, por una parte, realizar un acompañamiento técnico y psicosocial a propuestas de egresados del programa de Ingeniería Agronómica del proyecto Utopía, y por otro, brindar oportunidades de participación económica y vida digna para personas mayores, personas con discapacidad y cuidadores en diferentes regiones de Colombia. A 2020 se han concretado tres fases en las que se han unido los intereses y carismas de instituciones, actores académicos y beneficiarios como una apuesta de construcción de país y para materializar los perfiles de formación de los ingenieros de Utopía. Lo anterior, se ha registrado con la metodología de sistematización de experiencias, que permite que la experiencia adquirida sea analizada y socializada a la comunidad en general, para que pueda servir de referente de análisis y comprensión de experiencias semejantes
Dinámica actual de los estilos de aprendizaje de los estudiantes del programa de Ingeniería Agronómica del proyecto Utopía, a la luz de su modelo de enseñanza
Authors: Fernández Lizarazo John Cristhian , Valencia Perry María Ximena , Cabrera Cabrera Leidy Johana
Published: October 2020

El Programa de Ingeniería Agronómica de la Universidad de La Salle, es el Programa ancla del proyecto Utopía. La práctica productiva es el mayor diferenciador del programa, pues materializa la metodología de “aprender haciendo y enseñar demostrando”. Además de permitir la reflexión teórica de lo aprendido mediante la Pregunta Generadora Transdisciplinar (PGT) y otras actividades detonadoras asociadas. El diseño de la práctica productiva realizado hace casi una década, se basó en el estudio de los estilos de aprendizaje de los estudiantes. Por medio de esta investigación se busca determinar la dinámica actual de los estilos de aprendizaje de los estudiantes del programa de Ingeniería Agronómica del proyecto Utopía de la Universidad de La Salle a la luz de su metodología de enseñanza, cuyo lema es Aprender haciendo y enseñar demostrando. Los resultados obtenidos muestran un giro de la tendencia hacia el estilo de aprendizaje Teórico, lo que sugiere cambios a nivel de didácticas particulares, no necesariamente de carácter estructural, del modelo de aprendizaje. Otros resultados novedosos también son discutidos. Debido a que el modelo planteado por el proyecto Utopía es pionero en Colombia y en Suramérica, es necesaria su continua evaluación, en la cual radica la relevancia de esta investigación
Non-Linear Analytical Modeling and Simulation of Microstructural Evolution in Zr Based Metallic Glass Matrix Composites During Solidification Using MATLAB® – Further Results
Authors: Rafique Muhammad Musaddique Ali
Published: October 2020

Metallic glass matrix composites are unique new materials which have superior mechanical properties as compared to existing conventional materials. Owing to this, they are potential candidates for various future structural applications. However, they suffer from disadvantages of brittleness, poor ductility and little or no toughness and they manifest catastrophic failure on application of force. Their behavior is dubious and require extensive experimentation to draw conclusive results. In present study, which is continuation of previous study by author, an effort has been made to overcome this pitfall by simulation. A quantitative mathematical model based on KGT theory has been developed to describe nucleation and growth of crystalline phase dendrites in glassy matrix during solidification. It yields information about numerical parameters to understand the behavior of each individual element in a phase in multicomponent sluggish slurry and their effect on final microstructural evolution. Model is programmed and simulated in MATLAB®. Its validation is done by comparison with identical curves reported in literature previously for similar alloys. Results indicate that effect of incorporating all heat transfer coefficients at macroscopic level and diffusion coefficients at microscopic level play a vital role in refining the model and bringing it closer to actual experimental observations. Two types of hypoeutectic and eutectic systems namely Zr65Cu15Al10Ni10 and Zr47.5Cu45.5Al5Co2 respectively were studied. Simulation results were found to be in good agreement with prior simulated and experimental values
Paulatina transformación de la propiedad agraria en la zona metropolitana de Mexicali de 1990 a 2018 Su rol para los proyectos inmobiliarios y para la expansión urbana
Authors: Barrera Mejía Herman , Leyva Camacho Osvaldo , Garate Carrillo Ana Carolina
Published: October 2020

El objetivo del presente artículo es analizar y conocer los principales mecanismos de incorporación de la tierra agraria al mercado del suelo urbano, particularmente por los proyectos masivos de vivienda en la periferia de la zona metropolitana de Mexicali, Baja California. Con apoyo de técnicas y herramientas metodológicas, como Sistemas de Información Geográfica (sig), revisión bibliográfica-documental estadística-institucional y trabajo de campo, se identificaron y conocieron las áreas del crecimiento urbano y sus porcentajes, la ubicación de los proyectos inmobiliarios y los mecanismos de incorporación de la propiedad agraria a los procesos urbanos dentro del periodo 1990-2018. Tomando como zonas de estudio cuatro núcleos agrarios (na) geográficamente inmediatos al área urbana de la zona metropolitana son visibles los momentos dentro del periodo estudiado en donde se detonan los diversos conjuntos masivos de vivienda y los actores sociales e instituciones partícipes. Resulta interesante cómo dicha expansión urbana de tipo disperso, que se orientó sobre estos na, dista mucho de ser un proceso planeado o regulado por el gobierno local, al grado de que superficies territoriales de estas zonas analizadas no formaron parte de las reservas territoriales consideradas por el municipio y sus instrumentos urbanos para el crecimiento de la ciudad a futuro, que ya los rebasó.
An anthropological reflection on the Summer of 2019 and the social movement #Rickyrenuncia (Ricky Resign) in Puerto Rico
Authors: Vazquez Victor Manuel , McAfee2 Ashley
Published: October 2020

The following article presents an anthropological and historical analysis based on the social movement referred to as #Rickyrenuncia and its most important achievements during the Summer of 2019 in Puerto Rico. The theoretical concepts used in this analysis are concepts of agency and citizen participation that enabled social mobilization. The subaltern by Gayatri Spivak and the most recent studies regarding Puerto Rico’s political and economic crisis are highlighted in order to contextualize the Summer of 2019.
Calcium-dependent serine-threonine phosphatase, calcineurin inactivation mediated by baicalein attenuates prion protein-mediated neuronal cell damage
Authors: Hong Jeong-Min , Moon Ji-Hong , Park Sang-Youel
Published: October 2020

Background: Prion diseases are a group of unvaryingly fatal neurodegenerative disorders characterized by neuronal cell death. Calcineurin and autophagy mediate prion-induced neurodegeneration, suggesting that inhibition of calcineurin and autophagy could be a target for therapy. Baicalein has been reported to exert neuroprotective effects against calcium-dependent neuronal cell death. Results: In the present study, we investigated whether baicalein attenuates prion peptide-mediated neurotoxicity and reduces calcineurin. We found that baicalein treatment inhibits prion protein-induced apoptosis. Baicalein inhibited calcium up-regulation and protected the cells against prion peptide‑induced neuron cell death by calcineurin inactivation. Furthermore, baicalein increased p62 protein levels and decrease LC3-II protein levels indicating autophagic flux inhibition and baicalein inhibited prion protein-induced neurotoxicity through autophagy flux inhibition. Conclusions: Taken together, this study demonstrated that baicalein attenuated prion peptide-induced neurotoxicity via calcineurin inactivation and autophagic flux reduction, and also suggest that baicalein may be an effective therapeutic drug against neurodegenerative diseases, including prion diseases.
DRGs-based health system performance for breast cancer patients
Authors: Liu Xinkui , Liu Furong , Wang Lin , Wu MengFan , Yang LinPeng , Wei Le
Published: October 2020

Background: To evaluate health system performance for patients with breast cancer in Henan Province, China, using Diagnosis-Related Groups (DRGs) indicators and provide data to inform practices and policies for the prevention and control of breast cancer. Methods: The data were collected from the front pages of the medical records (FPMR) of all hospitals above class II that admitted breast cancer patients in Henan Province between 2016 and 2019. Breast cancer patients were the subjects in our study. China DRGs (CN-DRGs) were used as a risk adjustment tool. Three indicators, including the Case-Mix Index (CMI), number of DRGs, and total weight, were used to evaluate the range of available services for patients with breast cancer, while indicators including the Charge Efficiency Index (CEI), Time Efficiency Index (TEI) and inpatient mortality of low-risk group cases (IMLRG) were used to evaluate the medical service efficiency and medical safety. Results: Between 2016 and 2019, there were 103,760 cases of patients with breast cancer. The number of enrolled patients and total weight increased over the study period at an average annual rate of 21.38% and 21.88%, respectively. The TEI decreased over the study period by 15.60%. The CEI exhibited an increasing trend, but the average annual rate of increase was small (2.94%). The IMLRP was 0.02%, 0%, 0% and 0.01% in 2016, 2017, 2018 and 2019, respectively. Conclusion: The health system performance improved between 2016 and 2019 for breast cancer patients discharged from the study hospitals in Henan Province. The main areas of improvement were in the range of available services, but medical institutions must still make efforts to improve the efficiency of medical services and ensure medical safety. DRGs are an effective evaluation tool.
Evaluation of Lumbar Stiffness after Long-Level Fusion for Degenerative Lumbar Scoliosis in Chinese population
Authors: Zhang Xinling , Yuan Lei , Zeng Yan , Chen Zhongqiang , Li Weishi , Sun Chuiguo , Zhong Woquan
Published: October 2020

Study Design: a retrospective study.Summary of Background Data: Long-level spinal instrumented fusion for DLS by intention eliminated spinal motion in an attempt to alleviate pain, improve deformity, and reduce disability. However, this surgery considerably impaired performance of activities of daily living (ADL) due to the resulting stiffness. The lumbar stiffness disability index (LSDI) was a validated measure of the effect of lumbar stiffness on functional activity, however, which might not be fully applicable to elderly Chinese population because of their several special lifestyles.Objective: To evaluate the lumbar stiffness in patients with degenerative lumbar scoliosis (DLS) after long-level fusion by Chinese-LSDI (C-LSDI).Methods: 129 DLS patients underwent long-level (≧4 levels) fusion surgery with at least one-year follow-up were included. The C-LSDI was designed by modifying LSDI and Korean-LSDI (K-LSDI) considering elderly Chinese lifestyles, and the patient-reported outcome questionnaire measuring the impact of lumbar stiffness on functional abilities in elderly Chinese with DLS was assessed for internal consistency and retest repeatability.Results: All patients showed increased lumbar stiffness with significantly improvement in pain and deformity postoperatively, and for items of performing personal hygiene after toileting and getting out of a car, people performed more inconvenient with increasing fixed levels. Compared with LSDI and K-LSDI, the C-LSDI demonstrated high internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha=0.902) and retest reliability (ICC=0.904) in the elderly Chinese population. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that the C-LSDI questionnaire was a reliable and valid instrument for assessing functional limitations due to lumbar stiffness among elderly Chinese patients with DLS after long-level fusion. Although the effects of stiffness did trend toward greater impacts among patients underwent longer fusions, most patients were satisfied with trade-offs of function and pain relief in exchange for perceived increases in lumbar stiffness.
The Decision Not to Resuscitate Order for Terminally Ill Pediatric Patients and Ethics as a Predictor from Undergraduate Students’ Perspective
Authors: abuhammad sawsan , Mufleh Suhiab , Alzoubi Karem H
Published: October 2020

Background: Nurses and Doctor of Pharmacy (PhrmD) must communicate and properly documented the do not resuscitate orders for terminally ill children and their relatives. They also have to offer excellent care including more family support, assisting the child with terminally ill disease in passing on peacefully, and preventing unnecessary cardiopulmonary resuscitation. This research was aimed to survey attitudes of nursing and pharmD undergraduate students about the “do not resuscitate” order for children with terminally ill diseases.Method: A cross-sectional correlational design was used. More than 400 nursing and pharmD students were recruited in this study. All the participating students were e-mailed information regarding the study, including the web survey link.Results: Approximately, 60% of the nursing and phrmD students would disclose the need for the do not resuscitate order for children with terminally ill diseases. The results showed that there was a significant difference in perception toward do not resuscitate order between nursing and pharmD students. The pharmD students had more positive attitude toward do not resuscitate than the nursing students. Demographic variables were not associated with the perception toward do not resuscitate orders. Conclusion: This study showed that Jordanian nursing and pharmD students are willing to learn more about different aspects of do not resuscitate orders for terminally ill children. Analyzing their responses to many items showed their misconception about do not resuscitate orders for terminally ill children.