bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Elemental analysis of some edible medicinal plants serving as a source of nutrition for sustainable good health and wellbeing
Authors: Taiwo O. F. , Olugbuyiro J. A. O. , Adebayo A. H.
Published: December 2024

Sustainable Development Goal three (SDG 3) is good health and well-being. Edible medicinal plants are a significant source of good health and well-being as many of them can pass for nutraceuticals, serving as a source of nutrition and providing health benefits. Qualitative phytochemical screening, proximate evaluation, and elemental analysis of methanol extracts of Albizia zygia (AZ), Trema orientalis (TO), and Psidium guajava (PG) leaves were carried out to determine their nutritive and medicinal values. Preliminary qualitative phytochemical screening and percentage proximate composition were determined using standard methods. Their elemental composition was determined using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy. The leaves contained tannins, flavonoids, reducing sugars, cardiac glycosides, saponins, terpenoids, and alkaloids. AZ, TO, and PG had 73.62 ± 0.64, 69.83 ± 0.60 and 70.75 ± 0.34 % of carbohydrate, 3.76 ± 0.13, 4.21 ± 0.04, and 5.35 ± 0.16 % of protein, 0.39 ± 0.04, 0.52 ± 0.05, 0.61 ± 0.07 % of crude fat, 4.67 ± 0.08, 6.68 ± 0.30, and 5.2 0 ± 0.03 %of moisture content, 5.29 ± 0.25, 6.32 ± 0.03, and 5.65 ± 0.23 %, of ash content and, 12.27 ± 0.22, 12.45 ± 0.34, and 12.42 ± 0.19 % of crude fibre respectively. Aluminium, arsenic, cadmium, and mercury were absent, while iron, copper, magnesium, manganese, chromium, thorium, silicon, and zinc, were present in the three leaf samples. Lead and selenium were present in TO but absent in AZ and PG. Calcium was absent in AZ and TO but present in PG in a significant amount (3.895 mg/L). The proximate composition reveals their nutritive values, while the composition of constituent elements and phytochemicals qualify them as probable therapeutic sources, useful for the good health and well-being of humans.
Plausible effects of equatorial vertical plasma drifts on F2-region sustainable peak electron density in ionospheric environment
Authors: Ehinlafa O. E. , Oyeleke K. S. , Duke A. E. , Okafor P. N.
Published: December 2024

F2-region sustainable electron density (NmF2) morphology as well as the effects of vertical E × B plasma drifts (vz) in ionospheric environment for a location of Ilorin (8.5°N lat., 4.5°E long., dip 2.95o lat.), an equatorial anomaly station during solar minimum (SM) period were investigated. The 10-international quiet days (IQDs) of electron density and vertical plasma drifts estimated from peak heights, hmF2 data were used and its monthly means computed across each local time period. Diurnally, the daytime occurrences in NmF2 and vz had two characteristic peaks: pre-noon and post-noon peaks for all seasons. The NmF2 and vz pre-noon peak values are (7.3 - 8.5) × 1011 elm−3
and (1.0-6.4) ms−1 respectively, and the post-noon peak values in NmF2 and vz are (6.7 - 10.7) × 1011
elm-3
and (0.5-2.2) ms−1 respectively for all seasons. Also, only vz exhibited evening pre-reversal enhancement (PRE) and night downward reversal enhancement (DRE) peaks at different local times for all seasons. The evening PRE peak values are [(-0.5)-0.6] ms−1 about 1800 hr and the night DRE peaks values are [(-0.9)-(0.2)] ms−1 about 2100 hr for all seasons. The same sensations ensued in the annual patterns of NmF2 and vz. Generally, the NmF2 and vz values of post-noon peak (10.7 × 1011 elm−3and 2.2 ms-1) are greater than the pre-noon peak ( 7.3 × 1011 elm−3
and 1.0 ms−1) for all seasons; and their values were greatest in Equinox (8.5 × 1011 elm−3
and 6.4 ms−1) and lowest in Solstice (6.7 × 1011 elm−3
and 0.6 ms−1). The NmF2 and vz steady and continuous fall for all seasons indicates the electrons rapidly driving away from the equatorial ionosphere that is caused by ionization of sun’s radiation. The noticed concurrent post-sunset rise in drifts of vertical E × B relatively compared with swift descent in NmF2 for all seasons conclude that electrons drifting away from the equator are at a region of low rate due to recombination loss. It is considerately stated that same study under closely related conditions in the ionospheric environment be done for a well claim.
Embodied Intelligence in Transportation Systems: Road Network Computing
Authors: Chu Kai-Fung , Ye Fan , Iida Fumiya
Published: December 2024

This paper studied the concept of embodied intelligence within transportation systems, focusing on the interactions between purposefully designed physical structures and their dynamic environmental contexts. By drawing inspiration from the intricate complexities inherent in human-designed transportation systems, including the intricate web of road networks and vehicular components, the integration of intelligent elements is examined. Beyond a mere examination, the paper proposes a novel perspective—conceptualizing a transportation system, particularly road networks, as a physical reservoir. This perspective is substantiated through a thorough exploration of the reading mechanism of the traffic states and the echo-state property of road networks. We further dive into the traffic property to explore the inherent computational capabilities, such as fundamental logic operations, within these networks. The illustrative examples of OR, XOR, and AND logic gates within road networks serve as tangible demonstrations of their inherent computational capabilities. These examples not only showcase the computational abilities embedded in road networks but also lay the groundwork for a paradigm shift—a consideration of road networks as a manifestation of embodied intelligence within the broader framework of transportation systems. This paper contributes to the evolving discourse on the transformative potential of road networks as dynamic, intelligent entities, redefining our understanding of transportation systems.
Teaching Morphological Computation: A Case Study Using Paper Structures
Authors: Wu Yi-Shiun , Hughes Josie
Published: December 2024

Soft robotics is an interdisciplinary field that is constantly advancing, providing us with an improved understanding of materials, mechanisms, control systems, and design principles to enable the creation of innovative and adaptable robotic systems. Soft robotics leverages embodiment to attain novel capabilities or enable systems of increased complexity. However, to be able to design such increasingly intelligent systems, it is crucial to for engineers and researchers to understand how material and physical properties influence behavior. It is important that we educate individuals with the knowledge and skills necessary to tackle the complex system. We propose utilizing the V-shaped falling paper system as a teaching topic to delve into the role of morphological computation and design exploration. Parameterized V-shape papers exhibit diverse behaviors during the falling process, driven by their morphology. An easily deployable, cost-effective learning system was developed and employed to investigate participants’ behaviors and learning outcomes using various learning objectives and methods. Participants recruited from university campus are expected to understand the V-shape falling paper system characteristic especially the link between the morphology and behaviors. Our findings indicate that participants’ behaviors are influenced by the task objectives, while the learning methods employed can impact the learning outcomes. This research sheds light on the connection between task objectives and participants’ behaviors as well as learning methods and learning outcomes, emphasizing the significance of morphological computation and design exploration in soft robotics education.
Multiple Musical Skills Framework for Robotic Musicianship
Authors: Schofield Lawrence , Sirithunge Chapa , Abdulali Arsen , Iida Fumiya
Published: December 2024

Why are musical robots distinguishable from humans? What makes them sound less ‘musical’ or ‘human’? The many variables and high complexity of music make it difficult to answer this question. This paper sets out to formalise the many tasks and skills a musical robot has to carry out, and lists areas of unsolved problems that require new research. A potential overall robot information structural flow is provided on how separately created modules can work together to create a coherent musical robot. This was accompanied by a method for grading the ability of musical robots to evaluate their performance. This study attempted to depict how robotic musicians might perform in the future.
The impossible abdomen in a complex patient: treatment with novosorb biodegradable temporizing matrix (BTM) for frozen abdomen with entero-atmospheric fistula
Authors: Cerceo Jaclyn Riana , Malkoc Aldin , Mamoun Lana , Vignaroli Kendall , Shoemaker Hailey , Perez Kevin , Schwartz Samuel , Woodward Brandon , Wong David T
Published: December 2024

Managing patients with severe fixation of intra-abdominal contents, known as frozen abdomen, often creates a vicious cycle of tissue injury that further prolongs open abdomen resolution. We share the management course of a 28-year-old male status post motor vehicle accident with traumatic pancreatitis and complex liver injury. Following multiple laparotomies for abdominal wash out, he developed a frozen abdomen and an entero-atmospheric fistula (EAF) through granulated bowel. The exposed granulated bowel, bilious leak and fistula limited options for abdominal closure and ostomy appliance placement. NovoSorb Biodegradable Temporizing Matrix (BTM) applied to the granulated bowel eventually allowed an ostomy appliance to be placed around the fistula on top of the non-absorbable layer of the BTM. Eventual fistula closure was achieved and appropriate granulation tissue had formed prior to autografting. This is the first report utilizing BTM to aid in the closure of open abdomen in the setting of frozen abdomen with EAF.
Recruiting Technology
Authors: Morris Mark A.
Published: December 2024

This chapter addresses the core elements of technology used in talent acquisition, leveraging findings from a recent survey of senior talent acquisition leaders across the United States. A special-focus deep dive includes the core of most company’s talent acquisition technology, the applicant tracking system. Other topics discussed include social media tools, virtual interviews, artificial intelligence, and other types of technology tools used throughout the hiring lifecycle. Recommendations on when to use each type with different industries/candidates/human resources systems are offered and risks identified. Technology recommendations should be considered within the context of rapid change in this field.
Arriba y Adelante: Looking Outward and Moving Ahead
Authors: Deutsch Judith E
Published: December 2024

Judith E. Deutsch, PT, PhD, FAPTA, the 55th McMillan Lecturer, is professor and director of the Research in Virtual Environments and Rehabilitation Sciences (Rivers) Lab in the Doctoral Programs in Physical Therapy in the School of Health Professions at Rutgers University. Her current research includes the development and testing of virtual reality, serious games to improve mobility and fitness of individuals with neurologic health conditions, and knowledge translation to strengthen evidence-based practice. Her research has been funded by the National Institutes of Health, the National Science Foundation, and the American Hospital Association. She also has longstanding interest and scholarship in integrating complementary therapies into physical therapy. Dr Deutsch has been recognized with awards for teaching, research, mentoring, service and publications from the American Physical Therapy Association (APTA), Academy of Neurologic Physical Therapy, the New Jersey chapter of APTA, the International Society for Virtual Rehabilitation, the Kessler Institute for Rehabilitation, the University of Southern California, and Rutgers University.
From red tape to red carpet: the Unidroit Cape Town Convention and MAC Protocol’s Adventure in Africa
Authors: Otabor-Olubor Iyare
Published: December 2024

This article examines the implementation of the Mining, Agricultural and Construction (MAC) Equipment Protocol under the Cape Town Convention in Africa, focusing on enhancing economic growth and sustainable development through improved access to financing for high-value mobile equipment. Africa’s economic development is significantly hindered by inadequate infrastructure, which escalates transaction costs and limits access to international markets. Investment in modern infrastructure, particularly in the mining, agricultural, and construction sectors, is typically expensive for many businesses in the African region. The MAC Protocol aims to address these challenges by providing a uniform legal framework that supports the financing of MAC equipment. The Convention and the MAC Protocol facilitate access to affordable capital and reduce risks for financiers who take international interests in MAC equipment, promoting economic activities in Africa. The article highlights the legal protections offered by the MAC Protocol, ensuring rights against third-party claims and enhancing the enforceability of international interests. The adoption of the MAC Protocol by African States could significantly impact their ability to meet the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals by making modern, cost-efficient equipment more accessible, thus boosting productivity and economic diversification. The article advocates for adopting the MAC Protocol, emphasizing its potential to enhance foreign investment in the mining, agriculture, and construction sectors, stimulating economic development in Africa. This strategic move will propel African countries towards greater economic resilience and integration into the global economy. The article also critically analyses and illustrates the several declaration mechanisms available to countries adopting the MAC Protocol, accompanied by a guidance note to sensitize lawmakers when signing and/or ratifying or acceding to the Cape Town Convention and the MAC Protocol.
Injectable promethazine in clinics and hospitals
Authors: Overholser Andrew , Sizemore Megan , Czech Eric
Published: December 2024

The Institute for Safe Medication Practices and the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists have advocated for removing all injectable promethazine from inpatient and outpatient settings; however, this drug is still being used despite the risk for tissue necrosis, gangrene, and possible amputation when it inadvertently is given by the subcutaneous or intra-arterial route. This article describes alternative injectable medications that can be selected based on patient comorbidities, indications, and clinician experience.
Management of Pediatric Traumatic Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction and Predictors for Surgical Outcomes
Authors: Li Lunhao , Zhang Leilei , Li Yimin , Shi Wodong , Ali Mohammad Javed , Xiao Caiwen
Published: December 2024

Purpose:

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical features, surgical treatments, and outcomes of pediatric post-traumatic nasolacrimal duct obstructions and predictors for surgical outcomes.

Methods:

A retrospective chart review was performed of patients under the age of 18 years with the diagnosis of traumatic nasolacrimal duct obstructions during an 11-year period from a tertiary referral center. The clinical data were reviewed and analyzed. A binary logistic regression was performed to establish a predictive model for surgical failure after treatment.

Results:

Eighty-three eyes of 80 consecutive patients were included in the study. Anterior displacement of the lacrimal sac was noted in 71.1% (59/83) cases. Medial canthus deformities were observed in 79.5% (63/83) cases. External dacryocystorhinostomy and endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy were performed on 65 and 18 cases, respectively. At a mean follow-up of 28 months following stent removal, anatomical and functional success rate was noted in 83.1% (69/83). The presence of orbital fractures involving the rim, gross skin scaring, lacrimal sac displacement, and fracture fragments in the vicinity of the lacrimal sac were found to be significant predictors for surgical failure. The area under the raw current curves of the predictive model was 0.888.

Conclusion:

This large series of post-traumatic pediatric nasolacrimal duct obstructions showed that sac-duct junction was the most common site of obstruction and anterior displacement of the lacrimal sac and bony fragments in the lacrimal sac area were significant predictors of failures. Medial canthal deformities can be addressed simultaneously with good outcomes.
Updates on neurologic manifestations of mitochondrial disease
Authors: Kuusik Britta , Mithal Divakar S.
Published: December 2024

Purpose of review

Primary mitochondrial disease (PMD) is diverse both genetically and phenotypically. Neurologic manifestations are present at a high rate and often pose complications for providers. The review will discuss common manifestations and how advances in genetic testing have broadened understanding of PMDs.

Recent findings

Across all areas of PMD research, genetic advancements are notable both for mitochondrial and nuclear DNA.

Global understanding of PMDs is driving deeper and broader research. Neurologic manifestations primarily include neuromuscular disease, epilepsy, stroke-like episodes and neurodegeneration, and advances in all areas have benefitted from global reporting of genetic studies.
Detection and treatment of developmental dysplasia of the hip in infants: updates and recommendations
Authors: Cosgrove Aidan P. , Maizen Claudia
Published: December 2024

Purpose of review

Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is common and is a source of potentially avoidable morbidity through childhood and adult life. Despite progress over the past century, there is a wide variation in policy, practice and outcomes between countries. This review considers information from a geographically wide range of locations to evaluate the impact of these variations and understand how these variations arise. The aim is to help clinicians and policymakers adopt the best practices for their population.

Recent findings

There is a lack of randomized controlled trials to guide decisions on screening. Given the large numbers to treat and preexisting practices, it is unlikely that such trials of sufficient statistical power will be performed. However, many whole population studies are becoming available from different countries that allow an assessment and comparison of the impact of their strategies.

Standardizing metrics in studies and defining late diagnosis would improve comparisons across studies. The general trend appears to favour universal screening to reduce the risk of late diagnosis, the need for surgery and the subsequent poorer outcomes. Notably, resource-constrained countries like Mongolia have successfully implemented universal screening, showing that effective strategies can be adopted regardless of resources.
Pleuropulmonary blastoma and DICER1-related tumor predisposition: from clinicopathologic observations to clinical trial
Authors: Nelson Alexander T. , Chen Kenneth S. , Schultz Kris Ann P.
Published: December 2024

Purpose of review

Pleuropulmonary blastoma (PPB) is a rare primary lung neoplasm of infancy and childhood. The purpose of this review is to highlight recent developments in our understanding of PPB and research strategies to facilitate future rare cancer research.

Recent findings

The International PPB/DICER1 Registry has recently assembled the largest-ever cohorts of type I and Ir PPB and type II and III PPB. These analyses were strengthened by robust histologic, genetic and longitudinal data made possible by systematic data collection and abstraction and dedicated central pathology review. These cohorts have laid the groundwork for a prospective consortium-based clinical trial to assess response to camptothecins in type II and III PPB and standardize the use of chemotherapy in type I PPB.

Significant strides in the study of PPB have been made through clinical, laboratory and translational research, multidisciplinary collaborations and the generous contributions of patients, families and referring physicians. Ongoing advancements will continue to depend on multidisciplinary, multiperspective global collaborations.
Planning a Phased Guideline Implementation Strategy Across the Multicenter Ventilation Liberation for Kids (VentLib4Kids) Collaborative
Authors: Loberger Jeremy M. , Hearld Kristine R. , Nishisaki Akira , Khemani Robinder G. , Steffen Katherine M. , Abu-Sultaneh Samer ,   for the Ventilation Liberation for Kids (VentLib4Kids) Investigators on behalf of the Pediatric Respiratory and Ventilation Subgroup (PREVENT) of the Pediatric Acute Lung Injury and Sepsis Investigators (PALISI) network
Published: December 2024

Objectives:

To evaluate contextual factors relevant to implementing pediatric ventilator liberation guidelines and to develop an implementation strategy for a multicenter collaborative.

Design:

Cross-sectional qualitative analysis of a 2023/2024 survey.

Setting:

International, multicenter Ventilation Liberation for Kids (VentLib4Kids) collaborative.

Subjects:

Physicians, advanced practice providers, respiratory therapists, and nurses.

Interventions:

None.

Measurements and Main Results:

The survey was distributed to 26 PICUs representing 18 unique centers (17 in North American)—14 general medical/surgical, eight cardiac, and four mixed (1935 solicitations). All 409 responses were analyzed (prescribers 39.8%, nursing 32.8%, and respiratory therapists 27.4%). Three implementation tiers were identified based on perceptions of evidence, feasibility, positive impact, and favorability constructs. Tier A (≥ 80% agreement for all constructs) included extubation readiness testing (ERT) screening, ERT bundle, spontaneous breathing trials (SBTs), upper airway obstruction (UAO) risk mitigation, and risk stratified noninvasive respiratory support (NRS). Tier B (50–79% agreement) included standard risk SBT method, risk stratified SBT duration, and UAO risk assessment. Tier C (< 50% agreement) included high-risk SBT method, respiratory muscle strength testing, and infant NRS. The smallest perceived practice gaps were noted in tier A and the largest in tier C. The smallest practice gap was risk stratified NRS (88% agreement). The largest practice gap was respiratory muscle strength (18% agreement). In regression analysis, independently significant differences in perceptions based on role and unit type for multiple constructs were identified for UAO risk assessment, UAO risk mitigation, risk stratified NRS, and infant NRS.

Conclusions:

This survey study of the VentLib4Kids collaborative lays the foundation for phased implementation of the 2023 pediatric ventilator liberation guidelines. Early phases should focus on the best implementation profiles and smallest practice gaps. Later phases should address those that are more challenging. Unit- and role-based tailoring of differences should be considered for some recommendations more than others.
Children Requiring 3 or More Days of Invasive Ventilation: Secondary Analysis of Post-Discharge Change in Caregiver Employment
Authors: Kalata Kathryn E. , Miller Kristen R. , Sierra Yamila L. , Bennett Tellen D. , Watson R. Scott , Mourani Peter M. , Maddux Aline B.
Published: December 2024

Objectives:

To describe frequency of, and risk factors, for change in caregiver employment among critically ill children with acute respiratory failure.

Design:

Preplanned secondary analysis of prospective cohort dataset, 2018–2021.

Setting:

Quaternary Children’s Hospital PICU.

Patients:

Children who required greater than or equal to 3 days of invasive ventilation, survived hospitalization, and completed greater than or equal to 1 post-discharge survey.

Interventions:

None.

Measurements and Main Results:

We measured change in caregiver employment 1 and 12 months post-discharge relative to pre-admission and, when present, change in caregiver identity defined by relationship to the patient. Data were collected by survey. We used logistic regression to identify factors associated with these changes. We evaluated 130 children, median age 6.4 years (interquartile range, 1.10–13.3 yr), 40 (30.8%) with a complex chronic condition (CCC), and 99 (76.2%) with normal pre-illness Functional Status Scale scores. Of 123 with 1-month post-discharge data, 25 of 123 (20.3%) experienced a change in caregiver employment and an additional 14 of 123 (11.4%) had a change in caregiver(s). Of 115 with 12-month post-discharge data, 33 of 115 (28.7%) experienced a change in caregiver employment and an additional 16 of 115 (13.9%) had a change in caregiver(s). After controlling for age, CCC, baseline caregiver employment, new morbidity at discharge, and social and economic index; higher maximum Pediatric Logistic Organ Dysfunction-2 score (odds ratio [OR], 1.19 [95% CI, 1.01–1.41]) and government insurance (OR, 3.85 [95% CI, 1.33–11.11]) were associated with the composite outcome of change in caregiver employment or caregiver(s) at 1-month post-discharge.

Conclusions:

At 1 and 12 months post-discharge, more than one-in-five children who survived greater than or equal to 3 days of invasive ventilation had a change in caregiver employment and one-in-ten had a change in caregiver(s). Identification of risk factors, such as illness severity and social determinants of health, associated with a significant family change may improve our support of these families.
Prepectoral Breast Reconstruction
Authors: Seth Akhil K. , Sisco Mark
Published: December 2024

Learning Objectives:

After studying this article, the participant should be able to: 1. Describe indications and patient factors relevant to performing prepectoral breast reconstruction. 2. Understand the effects of different types of implants and implant support in prepectoral breast reconstruction. 3. Describe techniques for surgical revision to improve outcomes in prepectoral breast reconstruction. 4. Understand the current literature surrounding clinical and quality-of-life outcomes in prepectoral breast reconstruction.

This article goes beyond a general review of prepectoral breast reconstruction, providing a working framework and important considerations for any surgeon utilizing prepectoral breast reconstruction techniques. This article also addresses current controversies, provides practice tips and technical pearls, and addresses gaps in knowledge with both opinion and a review of the most current literature.
Exophiala zingiberis sp. nov., a novel cellulase-producing black yeast-like fungi isolated from ginger in India
Authors: Avchar Rameshwar , Shinde Srushti , Kashid Yaminee , Gangani Parang , Sharma Avinash
Published: December 2024

The genus Exophiala, known for its melanized, yeast-like appearance, includes a diverse group of fungi with significant implications across various fields. An isolate representing a novel species was identified within this genus from a ginger tuber from India, based on morphological characteristics and molecular phylogenetic analysis. Phylogenetic analysis of the D1/D2 domain of the 26S LSU rRNA gene, SSU rRNA gene and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region confirmed this strain as a new species. It was named Exophiala zingiberis sp. nov. (MycoBank no. MB 855415), with MCC 9960T designated as the holotype and PYCC 9834 as the isotype. Exophiala zingiberis was positioned as a sister species to a clade that includes Exophiala castellanii, Exophiala mali and three additional species. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that while E. zingiberis shares a common ancestor with these species, it is genetically distinct, underscoring its novel status. The type strain of this novel species differs from Exophiala yuxiensis YMF1.07354T, the most closely related species, by 19 nucleotide substitutions (3.6% sequence variation) in the D1/D2 region (549 bp compared) and 104 nucleotide substitutions and 44 gaps (27.1% sequence variation) in the ITS region (546 bp compared).
Consumer preference for ripped plantain powder for plantain fritters (kaklo) in Cape Coast, Ghana
Authors: Owusu Rebecca , Dadzie Samuel Kwesi Ndzebah , Teye Ernest
Published: December 2024

Purpose

Despite the importance of plantains in food security, nutrition and socioeconomic development, their production over the years has not matched up with demand, simply because of their highly perishable nature and high post-harvest losses. Current attempts at increasing production levels have targeted converting plantains into forms that may help to increase their shelf life. One of such forms is a ripped plantain powder mix for ease of preparing ripped plantain fritters (kaklo). As part of product development and introduction, this study aimed at examining consumer preferences for the ripped plantain powder mix for kaklo using advanced discrete choice modelling techniques.

Design/methodology/approach

We employed random utility maximization and random regret minimization methods in both utility space and willingness to pay (WTP) space to analyse choice data on 198 sampled consumers in Cape Coast, Ghana.

Findings

Our econometric modelling revealed that consumers attached high value to the proposed ripped plantain powder mix for preparing kaklo. They prefer a formulation that would have the traditional reddish-brown colour, sweet and spicy, certified but also affordable.

Practical implications

This implies that to improve marketability of the product, it should be cheap, Food and Drugs Authority certified and must have a sweet and spicy taste.

Originality/value

This paper is one of the first to apply the random utility maximization and random regret minimization models in the utility space and WTP space to examine consumer preferences for ripped plantain powder mix for plantain fritters preparation.
Investigating consumers’ slow fashion purchase decision: role of lack of information and confusion
Authors: Benhissi Maali , Hamouda Manel
Published: December 2024

Purpose

This study aims to investigate consumers’ slow fashion purchase decision. Specifically, the research empirically examines the relationship between the attributes of slow fashion products, perceived value, lack of information, confusion and consumer decision (intention, deferral and abandonment of the purchase) about slow fashion products.

Design/methodology/approach

A quantitative study was carried out on a sample of 323 customers. Partial least squares structural equation modeling was applied to analyze the collected data.

Findings

Purchase intention was enhanced by perceived value. However, only three attributes of slow fashion products (localism, equity and functionality) had a significant influence on perceived value. Lack of information had a significant negative influence on perceived value, as well as on consumer confusion, which can lead to purchase abandonment or deferral of the purchase of slow fashion products.

Practical implications

Slow fashion product managers should pay particular attention to the attributes of localism, equity and functionality, which have proven to be significant for creating a favorable perceived value. Getting customers more involved in the production process and using slow communication would be among the practices to be encouraged by professionals. Furthermore, such actions are likely to reduce confusion arising from the lack of information about slow fashion products, and thus, avoid the inhibition of customers’ purchase process.

Originality/value

Existing literature has focused on consumers’ intentions to purchase slow fashion products. These intentions are mainly related to the attributes of slow fashion products and perceived value. Nevertheless, the prediction of sustainable product consumption, such as slow fashion products, is also influenced by typical external barriers such as lack of information and consumer confusion, which are considered in this study.
Decomposing intra household gender differentials in resource allocation in Nigerian agricultural households
Authors: Adeyemo Temitayo Adenike , Okoruwa Victor , Oyebanji Akinsola
Published: December 2024

Purpose

This paper decomposes intra-household gender differentials in resource allocation in Nigerian agricultural households. Gender differences in agricultural households affect livelihood resources and productivity in Nigeria as in many countries.

Design/methodology/approach

Intersection of sex and age define gender as young male, young female, adult male and adult female within each household. Status of resource allocation was examined across the gendered groups. With the use of Oaxaca-Blinder, the mean outcome of resource allocation across the four gender groups was decomposed into components parts.

Findings

Resource allocation was generally low among farming actors, with young males, adult and young females situating below the household average. Equal endowment with adult males would have increased resources for young males, as well as young and adult females, respectively by up to 0.21, 0.07 and 0.01. The returns effects were largely significant for young and adult females.

Practical implications

The findings provide the premise to increase opportunities for female agricultural actors to access resources for their livelihood activities. Policies reducing the inequality between males and females in the Nigerian agricultural systems in terms of access to resources are recommended.

Social implications

This study fits into the implementation of global goals to enhance gender equality and sustainable outcomes through inclusive access to productive resources in the Nigerian agrifood system.

Originality/value

This study operationalized gender as the intersectionality of sex and age; obtained in many African settings. This helped to capture differences in roles, opportunities and constraints within agricultural livelihoods.

Peer review

The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/IJSE-04-2024-0322
Linking creativity with unethical behaviors: investigating when and why creativity predicts unethical pro-organizational behavior
Authors: Zhang Ying , Zhang Jian , Bu Xing , Zhang Na
Published: December 2024

Purpose

The aim of this study is to examine when and why employee creative behavior leads to unethical pro-organizational behavior (UPB). Drawing on research on moral licensing, we argue that the relationship between employee creative behavior and UPB is indirectly mediated by moral licence.

Design/methodology/approach

The data were collected from 214 employees and their immediate supervisors, and the theoretical hypotheses were tested by correlation and a hierarchical regression analysis.

Findings

We found that: (1) employee creative behavior is positively correlated with their moral credentials and moral credits; (2) it supported the mediating role of moral credentials between creative behavior and UPB but did not support the relationship between creative behavior and UPB through moral credits and (3) the indirect relationship between creative behavior and UPB is strengthened through moral credentials when perceptions of organizational valuing of creativity are high.

Originality/value

This study responds to calls from researchers to explore more detrimental outcomes of creativity, and we extend existing research by empirically showing that creativity can promote some unethical pro-organizational behavior. We also contribute to explore the mediated role of moral licensing and the moderated role of the perceived organizational valuing of creativity to explain the creative behavior–UPB relationship.
Can oil be used as an alternate asset for investment? Unveiling new insights using the NARDL model incorporating structural breaks
Authors: Patra Saswat , Malik Kunjana
Published: December 2024

This study examines the impact of the financial stress index (FSI) and equity market uncertainty (EMU) on the crude oil spot markets, namely, Brent and West Texas Intermediate (WTI). We use the nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag (NARDL) framework with structural breaks to assess the impact of FSI and EMU across various sub‐periods. Our analysis finds a statistically significant asymmetric impact of FSI and EMU on the oil returns in the long run. A rise (fall) in the FSI (EMU) results in a larger increase (decrease) in the oil returns as compared to a fall (rise) in the FSI (EMU) and the corresponding decrease (increase) in the returns. Further, the asymmetric effect in the short run is observed only for EMU. These findings suggest that in response to a rise or fall in the financial stress levels and uncertainty in the equity markets, investors respond differently and show a preference for oil as an alternate asset class in the long run. In addition to this, we also find evidence in support of its suitability for investment purposes during periods of heightened financial stress and high volatility such as the global financial crisis (GFC), the recent COVID‐19 pandemic, and the Russia–Ukraine war. Our results have clear policy implications for oil companies, investors, regulators, and policy‐makers.
Estimating a physiological threshold to oxygen and temperature from marine monitoring data reveals challenges and opportunities for forecasting distribution shifts
Authors: Indivero Julia , Anderson Sean C. , Barnett Lewis A. K. , Essington Timothy E. , Ward Eric J.
Published: December 2024

Species distribution modeling is increasingly used to describe and anticipate consequences of a warming ocean. These models often identify statistical associations between distribution and environmental conditions such as temperature and oxygen, but rarely consider the mechanisms by which these environmental variables affect metabolism. Oxygen and temperature jointly govern the balance of oxygen supply to oxygen demand, and theory predicts thresholds below which population densities are diminished. However, parameterizing models with this joint dependence is challenging because of the paucity of experimental work for most species, and the limited applicability of experimental findings in situ. Here we ask whether the temperature‐sensitivity of oxygen can be reliably inferred from species distribution observations in the field, using the U.S. Pacific Coast as a model system. We developed a statistical model that adapted the metabolic index — a compound metric that incorporates these joint effects on the ratio of oxygen supply and oxygen demand by applying an Arrhenius equation — and used a non‐linear threshold function to link the index to fish distribution. Through simulation testing, we found that our statistical model could not precisely estimate the parameters due to inherent features of the distribution data. However, the model reliably estimated an overall metabolic index threshold effect. When applied to case studies of real data for two groundfish species, this new model provided a better fit to spatial distribution of one species, sablefish Anoplopoma fimbria, than previously used models, but did not for the other, longspine thornyhead Sebastolobus altivelis. This physiological framework may improve predictions of species distribution, even in novel environmental conditions. Further efforts to combine insights from physiology and realized species distributions will improve forecasts of species' responses to future environmental changes.
Indole‐3‐Carboxaldehyde Inhibits Inflammatory Response and Lipid Accumulation in Macrophages Through the miR‐1271‐5p/HDAC9 Pathway
Authors: Luo Wei , Meng Jun , Yu Xiao‐Hua , Zhang Zi‐Zhen , Wang Gang , He Jin
Published: December 2024

Indole‐3‐carboxaldehyde (ICA), a microbiota‐derived tryptophan metabolite, has been reported to protect against atherosclerosis. However, the molecular mechanisms for its atheroprotective effect remain largely unknown. This study aimed to explore the influence of ICA on lipid accumulation and inflammatory response in THP‐1 macrophage‐derived foam cells. Our results showed that administration of ICA upregulated the expression of miR‐1271‐5p, ATP binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) and ABCG1, downregulated histone deacetylase 9 (HDAC9) expression and inhibited macrophage lipid accumulation. ICA treatment also facilitated macrophage polarisation to the M2 phenotype and alleviated inflammatory response, as evidenced by decreased IL‐6 levels and increased IL‐10 levels. HDAC9 was identified as a direct target of miR‐1271‐5p. HDAC9 overexpression or miR‐1271‐5p knockdown decreased the effect of ICA on ABCA1 and ABCG1 expression as well as inflammatory response. Taken together, these results suggest that ICA can suppress lipid accumulation and mitigate inflammatory response in macrophages by activating the miR‐1271‐5p/HDAC9 signalling cascade, thereby providing new explanations for how ICA reduces atherosclerosis.
The Place of History in British Criminology: 20th‐Century Developments
Authors: Catello Roberto
Published: December 2024

While the relevance of historical research and analysis for the development of a critical criminology in the United States in the 1970s has recently received some attention by historical criminologists, the place of history in British criminology—and British critical criminology in particular—remains a largely unexplored area of academic inquiry. This article fills this gap in the history of historical criminology by reviewing the uses of history in British criminology before and after the emergence of critical criminology in the 1970s. The article first reviews the precritical uses of history found in the writings of the key figures responsible for the establishment of academic criminology in Britain in the mid‐20th century, namely, Leon Radzinowicz, Hermann Mannheim, and Max Grünhut. These scholars made a valuable contribution to the historical study of crime but the criminological zeitgeist of their time prevented them from outlining a manifesto for a historical criminology. The article then proceeds to show that the critique of ahistorical criminology instigated by critical criminologists in Britain during the 1970s was born out of attempts to historicize the sociology of deviance. Lastly, the article goes on to argue that the new criminology envisioned by Ian Taylor, Paul Walton, and Jock Young was instrumental in advancing a conception of critical criminology that is indistinguishable from a fully historical criminology.
Improving soil chemical properties and tef (Eragrostis tef) productivity with Acacia decurrens‐based fallow in northwestern Ethiopia
Authors: Tadele Desalegn , Adgo Enyew , Meshesha Derege Tsegaye
Published: December 2024

Following land degradation and the associated reduction in crop production, smallholder farmers in the highlands of northwestern Ethiopia have recently practiced Acacia decurrens‐based fallow system. Despite the rapid expansion of this new cropping system, its effect on soil properties and crop productivity has never been exhaustively studied. We assessed the effects of A. decurrens‐based fallow system on soil properties and tef (Eragrostis tef) productivity under the existing production environment on farmers' fields using: (i) tef cultivation under the fallow system in two rotations which represent 5 and 10 years of continuous fallow period (fallowed lands); (ii) conventional tef cultivation system (ST system); (iii) tef cultivation on fallowed lands in the first rotation for two consecutive years; (iv) ST system adjoining a 4‐year‐old acacia woodlot; and (v) interview with local farmers. The results showed that fallowed lands in the first and second rotations improved soil properties and tef productivity with greater effects in the second rotation. Compared to the ST system, fallowed lands in both rotations significantly increased soil pH, soil organic carbon (SOC), available P, total N and cation exchange capacity (CEC), but decreased exchangeable Al3+. Tef aboveground biomass and grain yields were increased by 74% and 93% in the first rotation and 103% and 167% in the second rotation over the ST system, respectively. Similarly, height was increased by 9% in the first rotation and 17% in the second rotation. Fallowed lands sustained positive effects on soil fertility and tef productivity over two successive production years highlighting that the fallow system can benefit farmers through the cultivation of two annual crops in 2 years. Significant tef yield reductions occurred over the first 10 m distance from the acacia woodlot. Soil moisture, pH, SOC, available P, total N and CEC were higher at croplands close to the acacia woodlot. According to the farmers, the fallow system can improve tef productivity and reduce the need for inorganic fertilizer by 50%. Overall, the results demonstrated that fallowing with A. decurrens can reduce soil acidity and restore nutrients for sustainable crop production; and the shading effect could be the limiting factor for tef production on croplands adjacent to the acacia woodlots.
Detection of Novel HLA‐C*03:694, HLA‐C*05:301 and HLA‐C*07:1160Q Alleles
Authors: Loginova Maria , Morozova Nadezhda , Paramonov Igor
Published: December 2024

The novel HLA‐C*03:694, HLA‐C*05:301 and HLA‐C*07:1160Q alleles were detected during the HLA typing process.
Confirmation and Extension of 35 HLA Alleles Identified in Donors From the Russian Bone Marrow Registry
Authors: Morozova Nadezhda , Loginova Maria , Paramonov Igor
Published: December 2024

35 allele sequences were confirmed and extended: 12 HLA‐A, 9 HLA‐B, 6 HLA‐C, 2 HLA‐DQB1, and 6 HLA‐DRB1.
Discovery of the Novel HLA‐DRB4*01:03:01:21 Allele by Third‐Generation HLA‐Targeted Sequencing Technology
Authors: Li Zihang , Tang Guangbo , Wang Tingjie , Gao Peng , He Pengcheng
Published: December 2024

HLA‐DRB4*01:03:01:21 differs from DRB4*01:03:01:11 by two nucleotide changes in intron 1 and intron 2.
Becoming Roger Penrose
The Impossible Man: Roger Penrose and the Cost of Genius
Patchen Barss
Basic Books, 2024. 352 pp.
Authors: Farmelo Graham
Published: December 2024

A journalist paints a complex and rewarding portrait of the mathematical physicist
A common immune response node in diverse plants
Authors: Dangl Jeffery L. , Jones Jonathan D. G.
Published: December 2024

Small molecules activate a defense mechanism shared by all flowering plants
Return of the phage
The Living Medicine: How a Lifesaving Cure Was Nearly Lost—and Why It Will Rescue Us When Antibiotics Fail
Lina Zeldovich
St. Martin’s Press, 2024. 320 pp.
Authors: Smith Tara C.
Published: December 2024

The pros and cons of alternative antimicrobial therapies are worth considering in an age of antibiotic resistance
Can psychedelics improve well-being in autism?
Authors: Nuwer Rachel
Published: December 2024

A brace of new studies probes benefits and risks for an understudied group
Pd(PPh3)4-Catalyzed Elimination of Acetic Acid from (±)-9α,11α,15α-Triacetoxycloprostenol 4-Methoxybenzyl Ester
Authors: Zagitov V. V. , Vostrikov N. S. , Miftakhov M. S.
Published: December 2024

Attempted replacement of the allylic C15-acetate group in 9α,11α,15α-triacetoxycloprostenol 4-methoxybenzyl ester by tosyl group under phase-transfer conditions [CH2Cl2/H2O, R3R′N+Hlg–, NaOH, TsOH, Pd(PPh3)4] led to the formation of the corresponding (13E,15Z) derivative in a moderate yield as a result of elimination of acetic acid. The same product was obtained with high yield and stereoselectivity when the reaction was carried out in THF in the presence of Pd(PPh3)4 and NaH.