bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TWO IMPORTANT WEST INDIAN SEED-INFESTING CHALCID WASPS
Authors: Dozier Herbert L.
Published: October 2020

The following brief and incomplete notes are presented here in order to call attention to two seed-infesting chalcid wasps in the hope that they will be studied further by other workers as the opportunity occurs. Both are of much economic importance but the damage occasioned by them has heretofore been completely overlooked. Although our knowledge of the distribution of these species is extremely limited, they undoubtedly will prove to be present on most of the islands of the West Indies and, possibly, wherever their host plants occur.
NEW OR INTERESTING TROPICAL AMERICAN DOTHIDEALES-III
Authors: Chardon Carlos E.
Published: October 2020

Resumen en inglés
THIELAVIOPSIS PARADOXA; AN IMPORTANT DISEASE OF SUGAR CANE
Authors: Cook Melville T.
Published: October 2020

Resumen en inglés
FUSARIUM DISEASE OF COFFEE IN COSTA RICA
Authors: Picado T. C.
Published: October 2020

Resumen en inglés
CONCERNING THE ORIGIN OF THE WHITE QUARTZ SANDS OF NORTHERN PUERTO RICO
Authors: Thorp James , Rockwell Smith Leslie
Published: October 2020

The origin of the large deposits of almost pure white quartz sands which occur within the area occupied by the Tertiary limestones of northern Puerto Rico have long been a source of puzzlement to geologists. The largest areas occur within a mile or so of the seacoast in association with Tertiary deposits but are unconformable with them. Many of them are found in association with the remnants of lagoons which were cut off from the sea by the San Juan formation. Some deposits are also in fairly close association with the latter formation in some places. Smaller areas occur well within the limestone hills. Examinations of limestone outcrops and of residual soils within the limestone hills indicate that a large amount of sand originally came from the solution of layers of impure limestone which formerly overlay the district. It is altogether probable that some of the sands have been blown inland from the broken up San Juan formation and later leached of their lime. There is some evidence to support the theory that some of these sands may have been left in or near their present position along the shore of former lagoons which have since been drained by a slight emergence of the coast. There is but little question but that the smaller deposits several miles inland and well within the limestone hills are the residuum left from the dissolution of the limestones. The whiteness and purity of the sands are due to the soil forming process known as podzolization (acid leaching and eluviation) which in this case has taken place largely under conditions of high rainfall and poor subdrainage and to a less extent under well drained conditions. Some of the deeper deposits which are now well drained have been more or less piled up by the winds since they were bleached. We can therefore state with reasonable assurance that the quartz sands have come from the various sources above mentioned but that they are white because of a high degree of "podzolic" leaching which has affected them since they accumulated. Millions of acres of similar soils which have been carefully studied by soil scientists in the southeastern United States have furnished the evidence for this explanation of the origin of Puerto Rico's white sand deposits.
A YEAR'S EXPERIENCE WITH THE COTTONY CUSHION SCALE IN PUERTO RICO
Authors: Wolcott George N. , Seín, Jr. Francisco
Published: October 2020

1. The Cottony Cushion, or Fluted Scale of Australia, Icerya purchasi Maskell, is known to have been present on rosebushes in Puerto Rico since early in 1931, and presumably had been present for some time previously. 2. It first appeared in noticeable and destructive abundance on casuarinas (Australian pines) in San Juan and Santurce, and in citrus groves mostly less than ten miles to the west and southwest of San Juan, during the exceptionally dry spring of 1932. 3. Natural dispersion of the scale is by the pre vailing north-east winds: from the original focus in San Juan and Santurce to the west and southwest. 4. In the citrus groves well protected by windbr eaks, the scale was entirely eliminated by an entomogenous fungus, Spicaria javanica, never before recorded from Puerto Rico, which attacked it during the extremely wet weather of May 1932, and persisted during tile following humid summer months. 5. The Australian lady beetle, Rodolia (Novius) cardinalis Mulsant, brought to Puerto Rico by airplane from Florida and later from New Orleans, is reasonably efficient in cleaning up scale infestations in less humid locations, such as exposed citrus groves, and on casuarinas growing close to the ocean or planted to serve as windbreaks. 6. Of native parasites, the most important is a Phorid fly, Syneura cocciphila Coquillet, originally described from Mexico, and never before found in Puerto Rico. The scale is also attacked by a wasp, Cheiloneurus pulvinariae Dozier, described from Puerto Rico, and by a small lady-beetle, Decadiomus pictus Chapin, a new and previously undescribed species. 7. During dry weather, almost perfect control is obtained by spraying with a standard heavy engine oil-fish oil soap emulsion, of which fusel oil is the stabilizer. 8. Except in special instances where especially well protected by high buildings, all the large scales and practically all the small scales were carried away and destroyed by the hurricane of San Ciprián, September 26-27, 1932. A few scales in protected locations on their hosts escaped destruction and were later able to increase rapidly in abundance because the hurricane had been even more destructive of their natural enemies. 9. So far as can be determined, the hurricane had no effect in the dispersion of the scale.
THE LARVAL PERIOD OF DIAPREPES ABBREVIATUS L.
Authors: Wolcott George N.
Published: October 2020

Resumen en inglés.
THE CHANGED STATUS OF SOME INSECT PESTS IN PUERTO RICO
Authors: Wolcott George N.
Published: October 2020

Resumen en inglés.
THE LARVAE OF LYCAENA THEONUS LUCAS FEED ON BUDS AND FLOWERS OF LIMA BEAN AND CROTALARIA INCANA IN PUERTO RICO
Authors: Wolcott George N.
Published: October 2020

Resumen en inglés.
INHERITANCE IN NICOTIANA. I. STUDY OF THE GLAUCOUS AND THE YELLOW CHARACTERS IN N. TABACUM L.
Authors: Nolla J. A. B.
Published: October 2020

1. Two previously undescribed characters of N. tabacum are described and studied genetically. The yellow plant color appears to be distinct from similar deficiencies heretofore reported. It is not to be confused with the Burley character in White Burley tobacco. 2. Green color is dominant to yellow color. 3. Normal green is dominant to glaucous or "Ceniza". 4. Green and yellow are differentiated by a single factor pair which is designated Yy. 5. Normal green and Ce or glaucous plants are differentiated by two factor pairs; therefore segregation occurs in the proportion of 15 normal green to 1 glaucous (Ce). These are designated by Ce1 ce1 Ce2 ce2. 6. The factors for glaucous and for yellow are inherited independently of each other.
THE UTILIZATION OF WASTE MOLASSES IN THE PRODUCTION OF I. ACETONE AND BUTANOL II . NORMAL BUTYRIC ACID
Authors: Arroyo Rafael
Published: October 2020

Resumen en inglés.
NEW SPECIES OF SCARABAEIDAE (COLEOPTERA) FROM PUERTO RICO AND THE VIRGIN ISLANDS
Authors: Chapin Edward A.
Published: October 2020

Resumen en inglés.
INVESTIGATIONS CONCERNING CUBAN BIRDS, WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THEIR ECONOMIC STATUS, AND CONSIDERATION OF THOSE WHICH MIGHT BE DESIRABLE FOR INTRODUCTION INTO PUERTO RICO
Authors: Danforth Stuart T.
Published: October 2020

Resumen en inglés.
INVESTIGATIONS ON THE ROOT OF MANIHOT UTILISSIMA POHL
Authors: Cruz Monclova H. E.
Published: October 2020

Resumen en inglés.
THE RELATION OF BUFFER CAPACITY AND ORGANIC MATTER TO THE SOLUBILITY OF THE NUTRIENT ELEMENTS IN TOA SILT LOAM
Authors: Vélez Franceschi Arnaldo
Published: October 2020

1. Organic matter, buffer capacity, and the relation of changes in reaction to the solubilities of the mineral nutrient elements in six samples of Toa silt loam were studied. 2. The buffer characteristics may vary rather widely within a given soil type. The buffer curves for different samples of Toa silt loam show that the presence of larger amounts of organic matter markedly increases the buffer capacity near neutrality . This is reflected in the flatter buffer curves. The samples which contained lower quantities of organic matter are most highly buffered at the extreme ranges of high acidity and basicity. This is indicated by typical sigmoid buffer curves. 3. The state of the decomposition of the organic matter in these samples indicates as has been shown by previous work that the buffering effect of the organic matter is associated with the lignin-humus fraction. 4. Additions of acid to the soil increased the solubility of the nutrient mineral elements. The increases in the solubilities were greatest in the samples that were low in organic matter. 5. Although liming increased the amount of soluble calcium in the soil, it did not decrease the solubility of phosphorus. The additions of lime decreased the solubility of potassium. The solubilities of iron and manganese were too low to be easily measured above pH 7.2 and in only one case above pH 5.0. 6. Additions of acid to the soil increased the solubility of potassium when the reaction was forced lower than pH 5.0. There was a greater increase in the solubility of potassium from the acid treatments in the samples that were lower in organic matter. 7. The solubilities of iron and manganese were increased from additions of acid. Manganese became much more soluble than iron from increased acidity and its solubility was more affected in the samples that were low in organic matter.
FIRST SUPPLEMENT TO THE HOST INDEX OF VIRUS DISEASES OF PLANTS
Authors: Cook Melville T.
Published: October 2020

Resumen en inglés.
Mutation Effect of Chemical Mutagen Ethymthane sulfonate (EMS) on Some Local Yeasts
Authors: Abdul Razzak Badia , Nashwan Abul-Rahman Rehan , Azad Hamid Maha
Published: October 2020

Thirty samples of orange juice were collected from local markets in Mosul / Iraq. Isolates were diagnosed after performing phenotypic, culture and biochemical tests. The results showed that the yeasts belong to the following species: Rhodotorula rubra 36%, Trichosporon asahii 16%, Cryptococcus laurentii 28%, and Candida tropicalis 20%. The susceptibility of isolates to six antibiotics Candizole (Cd), Clotrimazole (Ct), Fluconazole (Fc), Ketoconazole (Kc), Lamisil (Ls), and Nystatin (Nys) was studied. The results of the sensitivity test showed that R. rubra was resistant to all antibiotics used except for Lamisil (Ls). The rest of the yeasts varied among themselves in their resist antibiotics. The chemical mutagen Ethyl Methanesulfate (EMS) at a concentration of 0.2 mg / ml on the vitality of the yeasts showed that the highest effect in the yeast Crypto. laurentii, with the killing severity reaching 4.47% while the lowest effected yeast was Tricho. asahii, with killing severity reaching 72%.
On-site detection of saliva-alcohol as a function of blood alcohol concentration using colorimetric biosensor based on deposited Chromium (VII) Oxide Nanoparticles on filter paper
Authors: Jeber Jalal N. , Ahmed Abed Maher , Abbas Faisal Ausama
Published: October 2020

Alcohol intoxication is usually associated with drowning, falls, overdoses, fires, occupational accidents, physical and sexual abusements, domestic violence and traffic accidents. Therefore, alcohol considered an important factor for the explanation of the occurrence of many types of injuries. For many purposes such as forensic, it is important to establish a detection method to ensure whether the subject or the patient have consumed alcohol at a level that would be the reason for the accidents or injuries occur. Therefore, in this work, a simple, rapid and low-cost method was developed and validated for the detection of the alcohol in saliva as a function of blood alcohol concentration (BAC). The method is based on fabricated a biosensor consisted of chromium oxide nanoparticles deposited on filter paper. The validation of the biosensor was tested on 50 participants which categories into two selected groups (1 and 2). Group 1 consisted of 20 subjects from an organized party (no alcohol), they usually consumed three to four drinks as an average per week while Group 2 consisted of 30 subjects from an organized party the local bar (alcohol group), usually consumed two to three drinks per day. The results of the present study have shown that 95% of group 1 demonstrated positive results with variable colour intensities of the BAC in comparison to the 80% only of subjects from group 2. The present study has approved that the fabricated biosensor can effectively detect 0.02% or more of BAC which can be a useful test for many purposes such as medical, forensic, research and workplace.
Great benefits of Conocarpus erectus
Authors: El Faras Wafaa
Published: October 2020

Plants still an important source of omega oils that help to healthy for human and animals. Fresh leaves, stem, flower and fruits samples from Conocarpus erectus family Combretaceae has been analyzed using (GLC) Gas and liquid chromatography. The results indicated high levels of Omega oils which related to growth of nerve cells in brain. PH of fresh leaves determined and alkaloids with 8.2 which could help patients of diabetic type II
COVID-19 INFECTION IN A CANDIDATE FOR AUTOLOGOUS HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION: A CASE REPORT
Authors: Lira Mateus Lavor , Lima Yara Ceres E Silva Ferreira , De Figueiredo Júnior Isaias Lima , Oliveira Neto Osvaldo Pimentel , Duarte Isabella Araujo , Duarte Beatrice Araujo , Duarte Fernando Barroso
Published: October 2020

The pandemic for the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has been the causeof enormous challenges for the entire health system, especially in programs who dealwith Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (TCTH), since sequelae related to COVID-19 can be a hindrance to a possible HSCT. In case report, VBF, 61 years old, diagnosis of classic lymphocyte-rich Hodgkin'slymphoma in 2018 with initial treatment with ABVD, due to the return of the disease, an ICE regimen was started, but with disease progression after 5 cycles. Then, an IGEV scheme was started with a schedule of autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation, which took place in the third cycle in May / 2020. However, at the end of May / 2020, he was admitted to the emergency department with confirmation of SARS-Cov-2 infection by means of PCR of the nasal and oropharyngeal swab. He evolved during hospitalization with hypoxemic respiratory failure, mechanical ventilation and signs of secondary pulmonary infection, using multiple antimicrobial regimens, showing improvement and finally being extubated. However, he presented important pulmonary sequelae, with chest CT showing extensive cavitation in the left upper lobe and reticular opacities, with distortion of the pulmonary architecture. He was reassessed as to the possibility of autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation, but this was contraindicated due to pulmonary sequelae. In the case reported, the patient complied with the formal indication for HSCT, which would be refractoriness or relapse in a second remission in patients up to 70 years old with sensitivity to rescue schemes. However, due to pulmonary sequelae acquired after COVID-19, HSCT was contraindicated. This case leads us to the conclusion that the pandemic by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus can directly affect HSCT services and that in addition to preventing infection in this group of patients, they should be reevaluated after the recovery of COVID-19 for evaluation of structural and functional respiratory sequelae.
INCIDENCE AND RISK FACTORS FOR ORAL MUCOSITIS AFTER BONE MARROW TRANSPLANTATION PATIENTS UNDER LOW INTENSITY LASER THERAPY: A LONGITUDINAL STUDY
Authors: Malta Cassia Emanuella Nobrega , Rodrigues Maria Imaculada de Queiroz , Lemos José Vitor De Mota , Freire Natalia Costa Bezerra , Duarte Fernando Barroso , Silva Paulo Goberlânio De Barros , Alves Ana Paula Negreiros Nunes
Published: October 2020

Bone marrow transplantation (BMT) has been used to treat numerous malignant and non-malignant hematological diseases, genetic and immunological diseases with a high risk of oral mucositis (OM) due to the action of antineoplastic drugs. As photobiomodulation therapy (FBMT) with low-level laser is a proven non-invasive treatment for OM, the objective of this study was to evaluate the incidence of OM in patients on BMT undergoing FBM. 53 patients undergoing treatment received FBMT (red laser, 2J, 20s, 100mW) as a preventive protocol. If MO was observed, an infrared laser (4J, 40s, 100W) was administered. The following data were collected from patients' medical records: sex, age, chemotherapy protocol (QT) and type of BMT. An incidence of 34% was observed in the population studied (20% grade I, 11.3% grade II and 1.9% grade III). Prevention protocols using FBMT significantly reduced the incidence of oral mucositis (p = 0.004). Now, young patients with myeloid leukemia, the time between QT and BMT (p = 0.010) and time of QT (p = 0.018) were directly associated with the increased incidence of oral mucositis. It was concluded that low-intensity preventive laser therapy was associated with a reduction in the incidence of oral mucositis, showing the importance of this therapy in the management of patients undergoing BMT.
Comparison of early and late intravenous infusion of milrinone in children upto 1 year undergoing cardiac surgery.
Authors: •	Dr. Milind Pol  , Jain Dr. Kajalkumari , Dr. Sunil Natha Mhaske
Published: October 2020

Objective:  To compare the effects of early and late use of milrinone in children upto 1  year undergoing complex cardiac surgery. Study design:- prospective randomized study. Methods:

A prospective study involved 30 children undergoing congenital corrective cardiac surgery,classified randomly into two groups. Group A: Milrinone infusion  was started without loading dose at  0.5mcg/kg/min at the beginning of CPB and continued postoperatively (0.5-0.75 mcg/kg/min) in the paediatric cardiac surgical ICU . Group B: Milrinone was started as a loading dose of 50mcg/kg over 10 min after aortic declamping and continued as infusion  postoperatively at 0.5-0.75 mcg/kg/min  in the pediatric cardiac surgical ICU.Data were collected at baseline, 1st ,6th  and  12th   postoperative hours in the ICU. Results: The inotropic supports and mechanical supports were needed more in group B than group A. The comparison of heart rate, CVP were insignificant between the two groups (P>0.05). The mean arterial blood pressure through the first 6 hours postoperatively was higher in group A than group B (P<0.05), but became insignificant through other timepoints. The urine output and central venous oxygen saturation were higher in group A than group B (P<0.05).The serum lactate levels were significantly higher in group B more than group A (P<0.05). Conclusion:Early use of milrinone, lead to easy weaning from Cardiopulmonary bypass, decreased requirement of pharmacological and mechanical support and decreased incidence of low cardiac output syndrome after pediatric cardiac surgery and there was no complications related to milrinone in our study patients.
Vigencia del Diseño Curricular: una mirada al contexto
Authors: Morales Segura Jenny Djassminn
Published: October 2020

Los avances suscitados a nivel mundial; tanto científicos, sociales, políticos, tecnológicos, culturales y económicos han repercutido en el sistema educativo. Guatemala pertenece a los países latinoamericanos y la Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala representa a la única universidad estatal, la cual forma parte del Proyecto Tuning América Latina que fue un referente para la presente investigación. El articulo tiene como objetivo dar una mirada al contexto y la vigencia del diseño curricular a nivel de pregrado a través de la carrera de Licenciatura en Arte de la Facultad de Humanidades de la Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala que se creó en 1981 lo que refiere un análisis con el contexto actual puesto que han pasado 39 años desde su creación. La metodología utilizada fue un diseño fenomenológico hermenéutico, con enfoque cualitativo y un alcance descriptivo. Se tomó como muestra la carrera de Licenciatura en Arte. Dentro de los hallazgos principales se identificó la carencia del documento físico del diseño curricular en la carrera, la cual se respalda únicamente con un plan de estudios básico. Y como conclusión toda la carrera requiere contar con un diseño curricular que contenga los lineamientos requeridos por la institución educativa y a su vez adecuarlos al contexto local, social y cultural.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE POSSIBILITY TO SINGLE OUT THE MODE OF SINGLE-PHASE CLOSURE TO THE GROUND IN THE CIRCUIT 6– 10 kV BY THE INTELLIGENCE SYSTEM OF ELECTRICITY METERING
Authors: Abdullazyanov Ainur F. , Fedotov Alexander I. , Khabibullin Marat N. , Abdullin Linar I. , Vagapov Georgii V.
Published: October 2020

The problem of increasing the reliability of electricity supply is relevant at the current stage of electric power systems development both in the territory of the Russian Federation and in foreign electric power systems. One of the ways to improve the reliability of electricity supply is to prevent the development of emergency situations on overhead power transmission lines as the most important components of electric power systems, which is confirmed by a substantial number of annual domestic and foreign publications. Preventing the development of emergency situations is largely facilitated by early detecting the signs of emergency modes onset in the functioning of all voltage classes’ electric networks. At the same time, the development of intelligence systems for technical and commercial electricity metering opens up new opportunities for monitoring numerous parameters of different operational modes of electrical networks, including those of 6-10-35 kV voltage with isolated neutral operation mode. Numerous works of author’s teams are devoted to the theoretical analysis of the possibility to early detect the diagnostic signs of emergency signals. However, existing publications do not always present the results of field experimental studies in existing electrical networks on the subject under consideration, which demonstrates some discrepancy between theoretical provisions and the possibility of their practical implementation. The present article attempts to assess the possibility of practical implementing the part of theoretical provisions on early detection of diagnostic signs for emergency regimes and, as a result, increase reliability of electricity supply. At the same time, the article presents the results of the field study the basis of which were used to open up current possibilities of early detecting the diagnostic signs of emergency regimes on the example of individual singling out higher harmonic components of currents and voltages, including when using already existing intelligence electricity metering systems installed in the existing electrical distribution systems with the voltage of 10 kV. At the same time, the article demonstrates implementability and further development of online monitoring of emergency modes in electric networks functioning on the example of identifying a single-phase ground fault, which makes it possible to significantly reduce the costs of temporary and material resources when localizing the single-phase closure zone.
Kamenná struktura E v Mohelně-Plevovcích: nová výzva pro metodiku výzkumu
Authors: Bartík Jaroslav , Škrdla Petr , Rychtaříková Tereza , Demidenko Yuri E. , Nejman Ladislav
Published: October 2020

A salvage excavation was conducted in harsh conditions to recover stone structure E (KSE). In spite of a very short time window available for digging, an area of 20 m2
was completely excavated and the entire structure (KSE) was carefully documented. Spatial distribution of artifacts closely follows the boundary of the paved area. The raw material spectrum is characterized by prevailing rock crystal, supplemented by quartz, plasma, erratic flint, radiolarite, smoky quartz and Krumlovský les-type chert. The artifacts are similar to those recovered from KSA and KSB, including carinated atypical endscraper-cores, bipolar anvil cores, and Sagaidak-Muralovka-type microliths. A detailed analysis of granulite used to construct the pavement structure indicates smoothing, abrasion, pounding marks, and flake removals – they probably served as pads for activities that we have not identified as yet.
Last Glacial Maximum landscape and Epigravettian horse hunting strategy in Central Europe: The case of Stránská skála IV
Authors: Svoboda Jiří , Boriová Soňa , Lengyel György , Pokorný Petr , Přichystal Antonín , Sázelová Sandra , Wilczyński Jaroslaw
Published: October 2020

With the end of MIS3, the unity of larger Gravettian settlements based predominantly on mammoth exploitation split into a mosaic of smaller Epigravettian sites with specific behaviors and economies. Based on C14 chronology, the site of Stránská skála IV (together with Grubgraben, Ságvár and Kašov), correlates with a brief warm period after the Last Glacial Maximum around 22 ka calBP. We detected two main accumulations of predominantly horse bones under a rock cliff suggesting that the site was not a regular settlement but rather a specialised hunting site. No features or hearths were
recovered. Lithic raw materials were imported from long distances, and the
horse hunting strategy profitted from the specific geographic qualitites of the
site. Preferential location of Epigravettian sites in secluded valleys is a pattern generally recognized in Moravia and usually explained as a response to
the harsh MIS2 climates.
Monoxyl a další dřevěné struktury v oblasti řeky Moravy z lokalit Moravičanských jezer na katastru Mohelnice
Authors: Peška Jaroslav
Published: October 2020

The article presents a brief summary of newly discovered wooden structures in the well-known polycultural site Mohelnice – štěrkovna (also “U cukrovaru” or Za cukrovarem) in the Mohelnice cadastre and its vicinity. Earlier discoveries at this site include Neolithic timbered wells and a sensational find of an oak monoxylon from the La Tène period of the 4th/3rd century BC (dendro 281 or 301 BC). It was found trapped in its home port on the banks of the meandering river Morava and dating has revealed the same age as the absolutely dated simple wooden pole construction. It is the northernmost found monoxylon known in the Czech Republic and also presents the oldest evidence for
such use of ships on Czech rivers. The manufacture and use of such ships has been known since the Mesolithic period continuing until modern times. The subsequent exploration of the shores of the Moravičany Lakes banks revealed a number of smaller wooden structures below the water surface, either made up of pointed stakes themselves, or a combination of smaller stakes and branches built into a tapered corridor resembling a structure used for fishing. The latest discovery is a massive oak-fir structure manufactured from stakes, longitudinal and transverse planks and stones, interpretable as a timber trackway, or a bridge. It has been dendrochronologically dated to 1547–1560 and archival sources indicate the structure was repaired in 1645. The structure spans the former meander between Třeština and Mohelnice near one of
the mills. The existence of this route is documented on 18th-century maps. Significant discoveries from various times of mainly wooden buildings underscore at least the European significance of the Mohelnice site. It may yield many valuable finds in the future.
Linguistic and Cultural Features of the Russian Public Service Advertising Discourse on Road Safety
Authors:   Chelyabinsk State University, Nefedova Liliya , Sotnikova Elizaveta ,   Chelyabinsk State University
Published: October 2020

Public service advertising discourse is a multilayer construct, whose main aim is to influence the recipient and create a certain opinion about social phenomena. Despite being a subtype of advertising discourse, it has its own peculiarities and differs from the commercial advertising discourse. The hypothesis of the research is the supposition that the key feature of the Russian public service advertising discourse on road safety is intimidation on linguistic and extralinguistic levels. This hypothesis is based on previous research that shows that intimidation strategy is one of the main strategies in this type of discourse and is connected to the ‘safety’ concept. The article focuses on key features of public service advertising on road safety since this topic remains one of the most wide-spread in Russian public service advertising due to the vast number of accidents on Russian roads. The authors identify the main concepts used together with the concept ‘road safety’ and examine the reasons of their appearance in public service advertising. They also study speech strategies used in this type of discourse and determine that intimidation strategy and dialogue strategy are the most common for this type of advertising, though other strategies can also be observed. The linguistic side of the research includes a study of typical syntax, punctuation, and word choice and usage. For example, public service advertisements are usually characterized as short, succinct, and easy to understand. On the non-verbal layer, the authors look at typical patterns of text and image organization and design, use of colors, and the connection between the text and the image. An important feature of a public service advertising text is its creolization or heterogeneity: the presence of two heterogeneous components, verbal and non-verbal. Finally, the authors take a look at the cultural component: specific features of the Russian culture which can be observed in advertising. Overall, public service advertising is a crucial tool for influencing public opinion, so further research of this phenomenon implies studying reactions of recipients to separate components of advertisements and the appropriateness and effectiveness of specific speech strategies in connection with given concepts.
BUSINESS ETHICS COURSE ON STUDENT MORAL REASONING
Authors: Rafinda Ascaryan , Gál Tímea , Purwaningtyas Putri
Published: October 2020

This research aims to identify and measure the effectiveness of business ethics courses on student Moral Reasoning. In-depth interview and a pilot test were conducted to examine the understandability of the experimental instrument. Quasi-experimental methods were conducted on students who join a business ethics course. One hundred twenty-two participants were valid from the manipulation check of pre-test and post-test. Paired T-Test was used to test the score between pre-test and post-test. Moral reasoning was measured using a defining issue test (DIT) to categorise High and Low Moral Reasoning on Participants. The result shows no difference in moral reasoning score between pre-test and post-test on a student who joins the business ethics course. This study finds that student moral reasoning does not improve by joining a business ethics course at university. These results imply that we should evaluate and re-examine the business ethics course syllabus for future research.
WILL ROMANIA’S STRATEGY OF DEVELOPMENT AFFECT THE INTEGRATION OF THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN THE ACCOUNTING OF ROMANIAN ENTITIES?
Authors: Bogeanu-Popa Maria-Madalina
Published: October 2020

This paper presents the influence that the sustainable development strategy has over the economic environment and especially over the national accounting model. Generally, the strategies of the sustainable development are carefully monitored and the periodic evaluation of them is a defining element. The processes involved in the evolution of the economic activities support the pylons of sustainable development and it integrates in this process the future request and offer. The elaboration of these strategies in the long run represents a primordial objective of the economic entities. The function of foresight from within the accounting model is used to showcase the strategy and to establish the mission that the economic entity has. By actively involving the accounting model, the internal and external information is contained into one single process. A different reason for which the accounting model is headed towards this direction is the fact that the objectives established in the long run contain at least one of the different environmental, social and economic factors, achieving at least one specific pylon of the sustainable development. Discussing assumed objectives, organizing programs and strategies of education and improvement in the field of sustainable development are key elements. These can be analyzed carefully within the entity and can guide the economic activity towards planning the strategy starting from its own accounting model. Respecting everything that has been mentioned, the integration of the sustainable development’s aspects needs to complete the process of sustainable development specific to the economic entity’s objectives and the accounting model.
DYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF THE COOPERATION AND COMPETITION RELATIONSHIP IN THE OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY IN ROMANIA
Authors: Rămescu Doriana Andreea , Sîrghi Nicoleta , Neamțu Mihaela
Published: October 2020

The aim of the paper is to analyse the cooperation and competition relationship in the oil and gas industry in Romania using the game theory. The players are the companies, the payoffs are the profits obtained by the entities and there are two strategies as cooperation and competition. Two cases are considered: duopolistic and triopolistic market. The mathematical models have as variables the probabilities of choosing cooperation and competition by each player. They are described by two and three nonlinear differential equations. The time delay is introduced in order to highlight the time between choosing a strategy and its effect. The case studies use real data for two and three companies, respectively, with two scenarios related to the obtained payoffs if they cooperate or not. The time evolutions of the variables are carried out using Wolfram Mathematica 9. Finally, some conclusions and future research are drawn.
EVALUATING BANKS FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE USING FINANCIAL RATIOS: A CASE STUDY OF KUWAIT LOCAL COMMERCIAL BANKS
Authors: Rawan Abuzarqa
Published: October 2020

This study investigates the effect of Leverage, Total deposit to total assets, Total loans to total assets, Retained earnings to total assets, and Tangible book value per share ratios on banks’ financial performance for Return on Assets (ROA) as the dependent variable. The data were obtained from the financial statement (Income statement and Balance sheet) of the selected banks. The results were found by analyzing the financial ratios of five commercial banks in Al-Kuwait throughout five years (2013–2017). We used analytical methods which led us to the presented results. MANOVA and ANOVA analysis were used to show the difference between banks in their financial situation and performance, and then the panel regression model used to study relationships among variables. The Hausman test was applied to compare fixed and random effect models which were shown that the random effect model gives the better result. Our findings show that the independent variables “Total deposit” to “total assets” and “Retained earnings” to “total assets” have a strong significant impact on our dependent variable ROA. “Leverage” and “Total loans” to “total assets” have a less significant effect on the banks’ financial performance (ROA) while Tangible book value per share does not affect the ROA.
CONSIDERATIONS REGARDING THE HORECA INDUSTRY IN BIHOR COUNTY. AN ECONOMETRIC APPROACH
Authors: Patarlageanu Simona Roxana , Constantin Marius , Dinu Mihai
Published: October 2020

The tourism and restaurant sectors contribute to the local economy in many ways and can ensure achieving the sustainable development goals. Since Bihor County presents great potential for the development of the HORECA industry, both locally and nationally, the main objective of this research was aimed towards studying the dynamics of the indicators specific to this field. More precisely, the main objective was to quantify the influence of indicators specific to the HORECA industry on the average monthly nominal net earnings in the industry in Bihor County. The multiple linear regression methodology (least squares method) was applied in this study, in order to validate or reject hypothesis that the average monthly nominal net earnings in the HORECA industry in Bihor County is strongly influenced by a series of specific indicators. Findings validate this hypothesis because the coefficient of determination indicates that the multiple linear equation successfully (78.89%) predicts the directions of influence between the previously mentioned indicators. Out of all the indicators included in the regression model, the increase with one unit of the relative change of the number of active enterprises in Bihor in the HORECA industry determines the biggest increase of the relative change in the average monthly nominal net earnings in the HORECA industry in Bihor, an increase with 1.058%, should the other exogenous variables remain constant.
SHARING ECONOMY AND ITS POPULARITY IN HUNGARY AND ROMANIA
Authors: Nábrádi András , Kovács Tünde
Published: October 2020

The purpose of this study aims at introducing the sharing economy, one of the most popular economic mechanisms at present, with special regard to its varieties and definitions. The explosion of the sharing economy into the tertiary sector has changed the balance of powers and paved the way for increasing markets based on a new footing. The emergence of trading platforms has created a wide variety of virtual marketplaces, where consumers and suppliers contact each other directly according to their interests, and may even form groups. The review of the relevant literature can be considered rather inclusive regarding the terms and definitions; therefore, the authors find the separation of suppliers essential, according to whether they are private individuals or entrepreneurs. The literature distinguishes three large groups of the sharing economy: product-service systems, redistribution markets and collaborative lifestyle markets, followed by further sub-categories. This paper focuses on the economic markets of the Hungarian and Romanian sharing economy from supply and demand-side aspects to obtain a clear picture of the sharing economy’s growing range and forms. The paper includes both primary and secondary research, literary sources and the open-access database of the European Commission (2018): Flash Eurobarometer 467 (The Use of the Collaborative Economy), which is analyzed by using the SPSS 24 software. Sharing economies have been studied from both consumer and service provider perspectives. The survey on the percentage of consumers and suppliers, the advantages and disadvantages, the reasons for not using services offered as such, and the motives behind the participation of suppliers on sharing economy platforms was carried out in Hungary and Romania and the EU-28 member states. As regards to the advantages, consumers praise easy access to a given service, and then the sequence of evaluated advantages shows a difference between Romanian and Hungarian users. The estimation of sharing economy services shows a more positive picture among Hungarian residents, whereas Romanian users and service providers as a whole correspond to the EU 28 average. Experience has shown that just like in the 28 members of the EU, the most popular sharing economy platforms are accommodation and ridesharing services in Romania and Hungary. To the best of our knowledge, the analysis of this topic has not been carried out.
DETERMINANTS OF CUSTOMER LOYALTY TO MOBILE PHONE BRANDS
Authors: Odia Edith Onowe , Adekunle Simon Ayo
Published: October 2020

This study empirically examined customer loyalty to mobile phone brands in Nigeria with specific objectives of establishing customers' preference for the different brands of mobile phone; ascertain the rationale for customer loyalty and preference for mobile phones; and examining the influence of demographic variables on customer loyalty to mobile phone usage. A survey research design with the use of questionnaire was adopted to generate the needed data for the study. The population of the study comprised users of mobile phones in the university community, ministries, and secondary schools in Benin City, Nigeria. Copies of questionnaire were administered to two hundred (200) respondents out of which one hundred and ninety-four (194) were returned and found useable. Statistical tools including simple percentage, mean, t-test and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were employed for data analysis through the use of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS 22.0). The study found that there is a significant relationship between respondents' demographics (gender, age and educational qualification) and customer loyalty at a 5% level of significance. Based on the investigated factors influencing mobile phone purchases such as quality, functionality, cost, durability and ease of maintenance, the study revealed that Nokia, Blackberry and Samsung are the most preferred mobile phones in Nigeria. The study, therefore, recommends that manufacturers of mobile phones should ensure that their products are of good quality, durable, affordable, easy to repair and capable of performing multiple functions so that those customers who like using more than one phone with different functional varieties can be loyal to a particular brand.
EVOLUTION OF FAMILY BUSINESSES – A 3D THEORETICAL APPROACH
Authors: Tobak Júlia , Nábrádi András
Published: October 2020

According to international literature there are many researches about family businesses. Examining and evaluating these kinds of businesses is a complex task because it is hard to take into account every influencing factor which have an impact on the operation of family businesses. The purpose of this study is to present a new theoretical method and model which is applicable to measure the development of family businesses from three dimensions: (1) family, (2) business and (3) ownership. The new theoretical model is suitable for carrying out such cross-sectoral and international comparative statistical analyses. The three attributes of family businesses may be measured, evaluated and analyzed separately and/or in combination. It is suitable for doing aggregated analysis of one or more companies. The (1) family dimension presents wich generation/generations operates the business. The dimension of (2) business shows the level of separation of tasks between family and non-family members and gives an answer how the management and the ownership functions are separated. The (3) ownership dimension shows the ownership state of examined businesses and can clarify the stage of the ownership structure. The simultaneous or separate examination of dimensions can assist to family businesses to measure their own status. The TONA model is applicable to measure the evolution of family businesses and can show the differences between sectors or countries in an illustrative way.
INNOVATION FOR GROWTH: EVIDENCE FROM CEE EUROZONE CANDIDATES
Authors: Floroiu Otilia Georgiana
Published: October 2020

This paper analyzes the European innovation framework focusing on four Eurozone candidates: Romania, Poland, Hungary, and Czech Republic. In the last decades, almost two-thirds of Europe’s economic growth has been driven by innovation. This idea is supported by impressive scientific findings concerning the correlation between innovation and economic growth. We believe that better innovation performance stimulates economic convergence and in the long term, facilitates the candidates’ transition towards Euro currency adoption. The countries in the study demonstrate a low innovative performance pattern, as our SWOT analysis will show. First, the gross domestic expenditure on research and development levels are far below the Union average. Secondly, there is a lack of cooperation between the academic and business sector, leading to a decreasing number of skilled personnel in the innovation industries. Lastly, these countries are suffering from an incoherent strategy aimed at reducing the productivity gap between domestic and foreign-owned firms. In order for these CEE Eurozone candidates to improve their European Innovation Score and their competitiveness, we recommend increasing investments in R&D, infrastructure, education, healthcare, clean energy and shifting towards higher value-added activities. We are also suggesting supporting digital innovation hubs, the creation of new companies, and facilitating access to finance for small and medium-sized businesses.
NEŞET GÜNAL’IN TOPLUMSAL GERÇEKÇİ RESİMLERİ ÜZERİNDEN EMEKÇİ KADIN FİGÜRLERİ
Authors: AKSU Sezen
Published: October 2020

Sanatçı, içinde yaşadığı toplumun bir parçası olarak çevresinde yaşananlara kayıtsız kalamaz ve gözlemlerini, düşüncelerini bazen bir tepki olarak, bazen de toplumu aydınlatmak, yaşananları gözler önüne sermek için kullanır. Dünyada 19. ve 20. yüzyılda kendini gösteren toplumsal gerçekçi tutumu benimseyen sanatçılar, toplumun acılarını, yokluğunu, üzüntüsünü, kısacası topluma ait tüm olguları gerçekçi bir biçimde gözler önüne sermeyi amaçlamışlardır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, kadın ve erkek figürü toplumsal gerçekçilerin sıkça kullandıkları bir obje olmuştur. Sosyal bir varlık olan kadın da, yaşadığı toplum içerisinde geçmişten bu güne var olmaya, kendini kabul ettirmeye, çalışma hayatının her alanında varlık göstermeye, haklarını savunmaya çaba sarf etmiş, çalışan erkek figürü yanına, çalışan kadın figürünü de koymaya çalışmıştır. Bu çalışmada toplumsal gerçekçi sanat anlayışının Türkiye’deki doğuşu kısaca ele alındıktan sonra bu tutumla eserler üretmiş sanatçılardan Neşet GÜNAL’ın çalışmaları incelenmiş, ele alınan eserler üzerinden kadın figürünün emekçi yanı ve sanatçı tarafından nasıl işlendiği analiz edilmiştir. Bunun için Neşet Günal'ın kırsal kesim konulu çalışmaları içerisinden, kadın ve emeği konu aldığı düşünülen resimler seçilmiş, çalışma bu resimler ile sınırlandırılmıştır. Eserler üzerinde yapılan inceleme ile kırsal kesimdeki emekçi kadın figürünün, kadın gücünün sanat eserlerine nasıl yansıdığı sorgulanmıştır. Çalışma, dönemin toplumsal ve ekonomik yapısı içinde kadının konumunu, üstlendiği rolleri, sorumlulukları da göstermesi açısından önem taşımaktadır.
SANATSAL YARATIM SÜRECİNİN SANATÇI PSİKOLOJİSİNE ETKİLERİ
Authors: İBA Şeyma Müge
Published: October 2020

Çalışma, sanatçının yaratım sürecindeki sanatçı kişiliğini psikolojik açılardan ele almaktadır. Bu bağlamda sanatçının öncelikle ego oluşum süreci ele alınmış daha sonra bu süreç dâhilinde kişilik oluşması ve kişilik tanımlarına değinilmiştir. Ego oluşum süreçleri için Sigmund Freud ve Carl Gustav Jung psikanaliz metotları doğrultusunda incelenmiştir. Bu doğrultuda sanat yapıtını oluşturan sanatçı için en önemli süreçlerden biri olan bireyleşme ve öznelleşme süreçleri anlatılmıştır. Bireyleşme süreci, kişinin nerede sanatçı kişiliğe büründüğü konusundan hareketle açıklanmaya çalışılmış ve araştırmada, bireyleşen kişinin öznelliği psikolojik açıdan irdelenmiştir.Sanatta yaratma, elbette ki doğal yaratıcılığa, bireysel gelişime, değişen toplumsal ve kültürel koşullara bağlı olarak gelişebilir. Öncelikli olarak bu süreç tam olarak yaratıcı kişiliğin sanat hayatında hangi nokta da başladığını düşündüğümüzde, bireyin gelişim sürecini, gelişim sürecindeki dış etmenleri ve dahası kişisel farklılıkları da göz önüne almaktadır. Bu saptamalar bize sanatçı ve sanat eserinin varoluş sürecinde referanslar oluşturmaktadır. Sanatsal yaratım süreci, bu veriler değerlendirilerek incelenmiştir. Sanatçı için kişiliğin oluşum süreci onun sanatında öznelliğini nasıl etkiliyorsa üslupsal olarak da kendi duygusal jargonunu yaratmaktadır. Bu süreçte sanatçının esin kaynağını dışsaldan ziyade içsel arayışlar olarak değerlendirebilir. İşte bütün bu içselliğin sebebi ve kişiliğinin hayatına etkileri bu çalışmada incelenmiştir.