bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Accuracy between clinical and radiological diagnoses compared to surgical orbital biopsies
Authors:   School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2.9 JT, United Kingdom, Tang Audrey , Gout Taras ,   Department of Ophthalmology, St. James’s University Hospital, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Beckett Street, Leeds, LS9 7TF, United Kingdom, Chang Bernard ,   Department of Ophthalmology, St. James’s University Hospital, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Beckett Street, Leeds, LS9 7TF, United Kingdom, El-Hindy Nabil ,   Department of Ophthalmology, St. James’s University Hospital, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Beckett Street, Leeds, LS9 7TF, United Kingdom, Kalantzis George ,   Department of Ophthalmology, St. James’s University Hospital, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Beckett Street, Leeds, LS9 7TF, United Kingdom
Published: April 2023

AIM: To assess the concordance between diagnosing orbital lesions by clinical examination, orbital imaging, and histological evaluation, in order to help guide future research and clinical practice.
METHODS: A retrospective analysis was undertaken at a large regional tertiary referral centre of all surgical orbital biopsies performed over a 5-year period, from 1st January 2015 until 31st December 2019. Accuracy and concordance between clinical, radiological and histological diagnoses are reported as percentage sensitivity and positive predictive value.
RESULTS: A total of 128 operations involving 111 patients were identified. Overall, sensitivities of 47.7% for clinical and 37.3% for radiological diagnoses were found when compared to the histological gold standard. Vascular lesions that have characteristic clinical and radiological features had the highest sensitivity at 71.4% and 57.1%, respectively. Inflammatory conditions showed the lowest sensitivity in both clinical (30.3%) and radiological (18.2%) diagnoses. The PPV for inflammatory conditions were 47.6% for clinical and 30.0% for radiological diagnoses.
CONCLUSION: Accurate diagnoses are difficult to reach by relying on clinical examination and imaging alone. Surgical orbital biopsy with histological diagnosis should remain the gold standard approach for definitively identifying orbital lesions. Although larger scale prospective studies would help further refine concordance and guide future research avenues.
Recent progress in N6-methyladenosine modification in ocular surface diseases
Authors:   Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China, Wang Wei
Published: April 2023

N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification is a reversible process promoted by “writers”, inhibited by “erasers”, and processed by “readers”. During the last decade, increasing emphasis has been placed on the underlying roles of m6A modification owing to their great importance in biological significance. The abnormal regulation of m6A modification will lead to aberrant cellular behavior and various diseases. Recently, studies have demonstrated that m6A modification is closely associated with the genesis and progression of ocular surface diseases (OSDs). This review focus on the role of m6A modification and research progress in OSDs including fungal keratitis, herpes simplex keratitis, immune-related keratoconjunctival diseases, pterygium, ocular chemical burns, and Graves’ ophthalmopathy, which may provide new insights into and prospective applications for OSDs.
Combined aqueous misdirection and persistent choroidal effusions following implantation of a Preserflo MicroShunt
Authors:   University Hospitals of Leicester, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Infirmary Square, Leicester, LE1 5WW, 03003031573, United Kingdom, Malick Huzaifa , Stead Richard E ,   Queens Medical Centre, Derby Road, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom
Published: April 2023

AIM: To describe a case of aqueous misdirection complicated by subsequent persistent choroidal effusions following implantation of a Preserflo MicroShunt (PMS) device to treat advanced closed angle glaucoma.
METHODS: A 67-year-old caucasian female with advanced primary angle-closure glaucoma on four medications with an intraocular pressure (IOP) of 26 mm Hg was listed for a PMS insertion with mitomycin C (MMC).
RESULTS: Past ocular history was significant for pseudophakia and previous yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) peripheral iridotomy. Surgery was uneventful but on the first postoperative day, she developed aqueous misdirection complicated by subsequent development of persistent uveal effusions. Conventional treatment strategies including atropine drops, YAG hyaloidotomy and choroidal effusion drainage proved ineffective. A combination of oral steroids and pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) along with an irido-zonulo-hyloidectomy (IZH) proved efficacious.
CONCLUSION: To the best of the author’s knowledge, this is the first published case of aqueous misdirection complicated with the presence of significant, unresolving choroidal effusions, highlighting the possibility and sequelae of comorbid pathology in nanophthalmic eyes.
Impediance spectroscopy of modified potassium titanates. II
Authors:   Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov, Makarova Anna D. , Goffman Vladimir G. ,   Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov, Gorokhovsky Alexander V. ,   Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov, Tretyachenko Elena V. ,   Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov, Vikulova Mariya A. ,   Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov, Morozova Natalia O. ,   Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov, Bainyashev Alexey M. ,   Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov, Kuzmina Vera M. ,   Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov, Gonnova Iana A. ,   Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov
Published: April 2023

The electrochemical and electrophysical properties of basic and protonated potassium titanates in contact with the graphite electrodes were studied using the method of impedance spectroscopy. The characteristics of potassium titanates are given depending on the methods of modification and on the methods of their processing. The activation energies for some compositions were determined.
Paleogene quartz sandstones of the Sosnovka Formation of the Uljanovsk-Syzran Volga region (Eastern Russian Platform): Mineral composition and origin
Authors:   Kazan (Volga region) Federal University, Zorina Svetlana O. , Afanasieva Nadezhda I. ,   Kazan (Volga region) Federal University, Hamada Nadia ,   Kazan (Volga region) Federal University, Nikashin Konstantin I. ,   Kazan (Volga region) Federal University, Sokerin Mikhail Yu. ,   Institute of Geology of Komi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: April 2023

The Paleogene quartz sandstones of the Sosnovka formation are widely occurred in the Uljanovsk-Syzran Volga region and are used as valuable building materials. The articlecomprises an improvement for thecontinental origin of the Sosnovkasandstones based on the results of a comprehensive study of the features of the mineral composition and microstructure of quartz sandstones of the Sosnovka formation obtained by using petrographic, XRD and electron-microscopic analyses. Therelevance of thestudy is based on the debatability of the origin ofsandstones, the depletion ofthemineralresource base ofthistype ofmineralrawmaterials andthe needto develop new approachesto its prediction. Accordingto theresults ofthestudy, itwasfoundthat opokas and diatomites ofthe Lower Syzransubformation, brought uptothe denudationsurface,could be the source of free silica for the cementation of sand grains of the Sosnovka sandstones. The deficit of siliceous cement and its extremely irregular distribution among the clastic grains indicate the local and restrict occurance of the source of solutions saturated with free silica, which, most likely, was controlled by paleorelief. Electron microscopic images and microprobe analysis of individual sandstone microcomponents indicate strong bacterial activity and frequent change of the land paleoenvironments to extensive marshy ones. The formation of pyrite framboids in the cementitious mass is a sign of oxygen deficit in the continental basin and the activity of magnetotactic bacteria. Whereas the decay of framboids is associated with dissolution of organic matter inside the framboids due to oxidation of the paleobasin. The results of the study leave no doubt about the non-marine origin of the sandstones studied, hence, we should not assume the presence of extended bodies of sustained thickness when solving prognostic-mineralogical problems. The Sosnovka sandstones are of extremely irregular distribution in the sandy sequence and formation in extremely continental pedological conditions will allow us to solve the important task of improving approaches to the prediction of new objects of this valuable mineral resource in the Ulyanovsk-Syzran Volga region.
Colonial Leptophragmidae (Porifera, Hexactinellida) from the Lower Santonian of the Volga region
Authors:   Saratov State University, Pervushov Evgeny M.
Published: April 2023

Study of the skeletal morphology of a new representative of the Leptophragmidae family, with no suboscula in its structure, provides support for the earlierspecified regularities in generation of Hexactinellida modular forms. Good preservationstate of a majorcolony has made it possible to specify the aspects of paleoecology and taphonomy in the later representatives of the Middle Coniacian – Early Santonian succession of siliceous sponges.
Fotografía y memoria en el Perú de la posguerra
Authors: Poole Deborah
Published: April 2023

Este artículo busca contribuir al proyecto de poner las imágenes fotográficas al servicio de las memorias sobre las cuales debería ser posible imaginarnos ese futuro diferente con el que sueña el impulso democratizador presente en la sociedad peruana. Para este propósito echamos una mirada antropológica a la exhibición Yuyanapaq y a la manera en que esta contempla la relación entre la imagen fotográfica y la memoria colectiva (es decir, la relación entre «ver» y «pertenecer»). Nos interesa en particular la tesis central subyacente en el proyecto de que nuestra incapacidad ética para ver el sufrimiento del «otro» contribuyó a la proliferación de la violencia en los años ochenta y que, por lo tanto, el acto de mirar la evidencia del sufrimiento ocasionado por esta violencia nos llevaría ahora a compartir una memoria determinada sobre los orígenes y las causas de una violencia que no se debe repetir
Entretejidos de imágenes : encuentros, brechas y memorias latentes en el nuevo cine andino
Authors: Quinteros Meléndez Alonso
Published: April 2023

En un evento realizado en la Biblioteca Nacional del Perú, dos cineastas provenientes de distintas regiones, Flaviano Quispe de Juliaca y Nilo Inga de Huancayo, fueron invitados a exponer sus trabajos y a mostrar trailers de sus producciones previas. La situación no parecía nada fuera de lo ordinario, excepto que mientras uno de ellos narraba cómo su primera película llenaba repetidas veces un local en Juliaca —de tal manera que se hizo necesario programar cuatro presentaciones cada día por al menos dos meses—, en cambio, el local en el que estábamos, el recientemente construido anfiteatro de la Biblioteca Nacional, se mantenía casi vacío. Este evento fue parte de una serie de conferencias denominada «Lo cholo en el Perú»1 , pensadas para celebrar el espíritu emprendedor, la capacidad inventiva y las estéticas de colores vivos y brillantes que se adscriben a todas las cosas «cholas», un término que se ha usado como un significante homogeneizador de la creciente población inmigrante andina, cuyos integrantes se han convertido en los nuevos ciudadanos de Lima.
Influência da Pandemia da Covid-19 na Qualidade de Vida de Estudantes Universitários
Authors: Silva Siomara Aparecida da , Matos Eden Schmidt de
Published: April 2023

Buscando compreender a percepção da Qualidade de Vida (QV), o trabalho objetivou verificar a influência do isolamento social devido à pandemia da covid-19 na autopercepção de qualidade de vida dos ingressantes nos cursos de Educação Física. Para isso, foi utilizado o questionário o WHOQOL-Bref. Foi possível perceber que os alunos de 2ª entrada, antes do isolamento, apresentaram maiores escores nos domínios físicos, psíquico e ambiente, enquanto os alunos de durante a pandemia tiveram uma inversão destas respostas. Os estudantes universitários de 1ª entrada apresentaram maiores escores significativos para estes domínios. A pandemia com o isolamento social influenciou na percepção da qualidade de vida de estudantes universitários, sendo importante o desenvolvimento de programas de intervenção para um melhor desempenho dos graduandos e da qualidade de vida.
Strongylids Profile on Horses in East Java
Authors: Puput Sesa , Suwanti Lucia Tri , Mufasirin Mufasirin , Yunus Muchammad , Suprihati Endang , Aksono Eduardus Bimo , Puspitasari Heni
Published: April 2023

Strongylids are a group of worms that infect the digestive tract of horses consisting of Strongylus vulgaris, Strongylus equinus, Strongylus edentates and Cyathostomes. There is no reported prevalence data on Strongylids infection in horses in East Java. Study on Strongylids is urgently needed because this worm is one of the causes of zoonotic diseases. This study aimed to identify Strongylids that infect horses morphologically. Identification of Strongylids in this study using morphological methods. A total of 65 horse faeces in East Java, i.e. in the cities of Surabaya, Malang, Kediri and Pasuruan were examined microscopically after being fixed in 10% formalin. Three microscopically positive samples showed a prevalence of 4,6% with an average size of 60-70µm x 50-60µm and larvae developed inside the worm eggs.
Pulmonary Anthracosis in A Lion Tailed Macaque (Macaca silenus), An Endangered Primate Species - A Case Report
Authors: Ibrahim Anees , Alexander Jacob , S S Devi
Published: April 2023

Anthracosis is the blackish pigmentation of the lung parenchyma and tracheobronchial tree. A female Lion Tailed Macaque aged 19 years was being kept captive in Thiruvananthapuram Zoo for 17 years. On 30th November 2019, the animal was found dead in the zoo and was subjected to a necropsy at the zoo hospital. The necropsy revealed diffused black deposits throughout the lungs on gross examination. On histopathological analysis, blackish deposits could be found throughout the lung parenchyma as free particles in addition to those observed in macrophages. Vehicular emissions seem to have caused the condition to develop. This is the first reported case of anthracosis in a Lion Tailed Macaque. The condition can adversely affect the health and life expectancy of Lion Tailed Macaques. The conservation status of Lion Tailed Macaques makes it important to prevent such pathologies from affecting the relatively smaller population of the species.
Correlation between Sanitation of Cow Stalls on Flies Density and Cryptosporidium sp. Manifestations
Authors: Drajad Rahadinda Mutia Dhamar , Nurdian Yudha , Astuti Ida Srisurani Wiji , Utami Wiwien Sugih , Armiyanti Yunita , Hermansyah Bagus
Published: April 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation of stall sanitation on fly density and Cryptosporidium sp. presence on housefly. This study type was observational with a cross sectional approach in Jatian Village, Pakusari District, Jember Regency on December 2021 - February 2022. Data type was primary data that obtained using interview and observation. The correlation test that used was contingency coefficient test. The results showed that 77,5% of the stall had high fly density. Prevalence of Cryptosporidium sp. on housefly was 10%. Statistical analysis showed that cattle manure handling affected fly density (p≤0,05) with low correlation (r=0,384), meanwhile air vents affected Cryptosporidium sp. presence on housefly (p≤0,05) with low correlation (r=0,359). Farmers were suggested to keep the stall sanitation optimal to prevent Cryptosporidium transmission to humans.
Protective Effect of Ethanol Extract of Kesum Leaves (Polygonum minus) on the Number of Leydig Cells in Mice Exposed to Cadmium Chloride
Authors: Paramita Chici Ayu , Plumeriastuti Hani , Madyawati Sri Pantja , Arimbi Arimbi , Mulyati Sri , Kurnijasanti Rochmah
Published: April 2023

This study aimed to determine the protective effect of ethanol extract of kesum leaves (Polygonum minus) on the number of Leydig cells in mice exposed to cadmium chloride (CdCl2). A total of 20 male mice were divided into five groups, each group consisting of four replications and then given different treatments orally for 21 days. The treatment groups included (K-) 0,5% CMC Na suspension + distilled water, (K+) 0,5% CMC Na suspension + 12 mg/kgBW/day cadmium chloride, (P1, P2, and P3) ethanol extract of kesum leaves, respectively. -respectively 200, 400, and 800 mg/kgBW/day + 12 mg/kgBW/day cadmium chloride. Observations were made by counting the number of Leydig cells. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and Duncan's test. The results showed significant differences (p<0,05) between groups P1, P2, P3 and K+. On the other hand, the P2 group showed similar results to K-. In conclusion, the ethanol extract of kesum leaves can protect and maintain the number of Leydig cells in the testes of mice from exposure to cadmium chloride, and the optimal dose was 400 mg/kgBW/day.
FABRICATION OF SIMPLE SPACE REGAINER FOR SPACE LOSS CASE
Authors: Goenharto Sianiwati , Rusdiana Elly , Rahmadani Annisa , Inayati Eny , Ratwita Rr. Dwiyanti Feriana , Setyowati Okti , Wahjuni Sri , Halimah Anisa Nur , Sujati  , Kusdarjanti Endang
Published: April 2023

Background: Anterior crossbite is a case that when upper anterior are positioned palatally than lower anterior teeth in centric occlusion. Orthodontic appliances using expansion screw could be solution for tooth anterior crossbite treatment. Purpose: To figure out the optimal fabrication process of orthodontic appliances in single tooth anterior crossbite case using expansion screw. Case analysis: Dental laboratory provided the maxillary dental appliance with single tooth anterior crossbite on teeth 21. Dental technician also received orthodontic appliance using expansion screw. Result: Orthodontic appliance design was Adams claps on teeth 16, 26, labial bow on teeth 13, 12, 11, 21, 22, 23. Additional posterior bite plane, also expansion screw was located on maxillary left first incisor, palatal section. Conclusion: Design and making orthodontic appliances using expansion screw begins with drawing design, positioning Adams clasps and labia bow sectional screw mini mounting, then acrylic packing. Final step was finishing polishing acrylic plate.
GAMBARAN PENYEBAB KELUARGA BERISIKO STUNTING DI KABUPATEN BOJONEGORO
Authors: Putri Endah Budi Permana , Namira Faradila Putri , Syafiuddin Achmad
Published: April 2023

The high stunting rate in Indonesia encourages the Government to make efforts to accelerate stunting reduction. One of the efforts is by assisting universities to the local government in Bojonegoro District. The purpose of this activity is to find out the factors that cause families to be at risk of stunting in Bojonegoro District. The research method used is analytic observational with a cross-sectional design. The data source for this research is secondary data in the form of PK21 Bojonegoro Regency obtained from the East Java BKKBN. The statistical analysis used was the Paired Sample T Test with α = 0.05. The results show that the type of house floor used is ceramic/granite/marble, the most used drinking water source is bottled/refill water and the most used defecation facility is a septic tank. But behind it all, there are still families who have not used a good type of floor, healthy drinking water sources and standardized defecation facilities. The conclusion of this research is that there are still families at risk of stunting in Bojonegoro District based on the parameters of the widest house floor type, drinking water sources and defecation facilities. This research is expected to contribute to the acceleration of stunting reduction in Bojonegoro District.
Dual Role of Early Childhood Teachers as Health Cadres in Reducing Stunting
Authors: Hakimah Nurul , Nadhiroh Siti Rahayu , Dhorta Nandia Firsty , Tapriadi  , Palupi Fitria Dhenok , Hapsari Indri , Fajar Ibnu , Hadisuyitno Juin
Published: April 2023

Background: The role of early childhood education teachers (PAUD) is getting bigger in areas related to child nutrition and become potential contributors in improving and reducing stunting cases in children under five. The purpose of this study is how to promote health through the right food for PAUD-aged children. The role of PAUD teachers as well as health cadres is to become best practice in efforts to reduce stunting in the Malang City, Indonesia. Methods: This research is an analytic observational cross sectional design, using 150 PAUD teachers as well as health cadres who carry out best practice efforts to reduce stunting through evidence-based in-depth interviews. Results: The best practices that have been implemented are : the number of PAUD-age children who receive PMT directly; the ease of delivery of health promotion to the community, especially parents or child caretakers; higher community compliance; and a significant increase in children's weight and height. The impact and output of the dual role of PAUD teachers as health cadres in reducing stunting is more effective. Conclusion: This dual role of early childhood teachers as health cadres needs to be appreciated, defined, and rewarded by national authorities, based on local needs, and programmed according to policy-based evidence, such as in the formation of the Team for the Acceleration of Stunting Reduction (TPPS).
Relational Sources of Counselor Self-Efficacy: Supervisory Relationship and Beliefs about Supervisors
Authors:   The Association of Korea Counseling Psychology Education Welfare, HUR Lib
Published: April 2023

A tripartite model of relational efficacy beliefs which explains how self-efficacy developswithin close relationships was applied to the context of counseling supervision to confirmrelational sources of counselor self-efficacy. Survey data about relational efficacy beliefs werecollected from 153 counselors and analyzed using AMOS 21.0. The results of path analysis showthat counselor self-efficacy is well predicted by counselors' beliefs about how their supervisorsperceive counselors' ability(Relation-Inferred Self-Efficacy: RISE), and counselors' beliefs aboutthe supervisors' ability(other-efficacy) and counselors' length of counseling experience moderatethe strength of this relationship. Furthermore, other-efficacy predicts RISE and supervisoryrelationships. It is suggested that RISE and other-efficacy play important roles as relationalsources of counselor self-efficacy in a supervisory relationship.
Central Nervous System Source Modulates Microglia Function and Morphology In Vitro
Authors: Pinho Andreia G , Monteiro Andreia , Fernandes Sara , De Sousa Nídia , Salgado António , Silva Nuno A. , Monteiro Susana
Published: April 2023

Regional heterogeneity of microglia was first described a century ago by Pio del Rio Hortega. Currently, new hints on microglia heterogeneity across central nervous system (CNS) regions are still being unraveled by high-throughput techniques. It remains unclear whether these spatial specificities translate into different microglial behaviors in vitro. We cultured microglia isolated from the cortex and spinal cord and analyzed the effect of the CNS spatial source on in vitro behavior by applying the same experimental protocol and culture conditions. We analyzed microglial cell numbers, function, and morphology and found a distinctive in vitro phenotype. We found that microglia were present in higher numbers in spinal cord-derived glial cultures, presenting different expression of inflammatory genes and a lower phagocytosis rate under basal conditions or after activation with LPS and IFN-. Morphologically, cortical microglial cells are more complex and present longer ramifications, which were also observed in vivo in CX3CR1+/GFP transgenic reporter mice. Collectively, our data demonstrated that microglial behavior in vitro is defined according to specific spatial characteristics acquired in the tissue. Thus, our study highlights the importance of microglia as a source of CNS for in vitro studies.
Ruminal Solubility and Bioavailability of Inorganic Trace-Mineral Sources and Effects on Fermentation Activity Measured In Vitro
Authors: Vigh Antal , Criste Adriana , Gragnic Kévin , Moquet Léa , Gerard Christine
Published: April 2023

The aim of this study was to assess the effects of supplementation of inorganic sources of manganese (MnO, MnSO4), zinc (ZnO, ZnSO4) and copper (CuSO4) at different levels (0.06%DM for Mn, 0.05%DM for Zn; and 0.01 and 0.05%DM for Cu) on in vitro rumen fermentation, solubility and bioavailability. Fermentation activity was measured by total gas production (TGP) and dry matter degradability after 70hrs of fermentation (dDM%). Trace-mineral (TM) solubility was estimated by the TM concentration in the supernatant of the final fermentation medium (SOL) and TM bioavailability by the TM concentration in a bacterial enriched fraction (BACT). Mn (regardless of source) and ZnO tended (p<0.10) to decrease, while Cu showed no significant effect on TGP. The addition of inorganic Mn and of ZnO tended (p<0.10) to decrease, ZnSO4 tended to increase (p<0.10), whilst Cu showed no effect on dDM%. Concerning solubility, Mn (MnO and MnSO4), ZnSO4 and CuSO4 significantly (p<0.05, p<0.001 and p<0.01) increased, while ZnO did not affect TM content of the SOL. These results indicate that MnSO4, ZnSO4 and CuSO4 are highly soluble, MnO is quite soluble, while ZnO has a low solubility in the rumen. Based on the TM content of BACT, MnO, MnS4 and CuSO4 have a high bioavailability, while ZnO is poorly assimilated by rumen bacteria. However, the lack of clear inhibition or improvement of fermentations suggests that the rumen microbiota has low requirement for TM supplementation.
Beraprost and Overall Survival in Cats With Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Ito Hiroyuki , Matsuura Takumi , Sano Tadashi
Published: April 2023

Background: Overall survival is the most important outcome for treatment response in feline chronic kidney disease (CKD). Beraprost has been shown to reduce the kidney function decline in cats with International Renal Interest Society (IRIS) stage 2 and 3 CKD. However, association with prolonged survival has not yet been examined. Objective: To assess the relationship between beraprost and overall survival in cats with CKD in real clinical practice. Animals: Client-owned cats with IRIS stage 3 CKD (n = 134), evaluated between 2017 and 2020. Methods: Retrospective cohort study based on data from electronic medical records of one hospital. Results: Multivariable Cox regression models on all treatment effects showed that beraprost only was related to better survival (P = 0.028). The cohort was divided into “beraprost therapy” and “no beraprost therapy” groups, and survival analyses revealed that overall survival was significantly longer in the beraprost therapy group, using Kaplan-Meier curves (P = 0.004). However, baseline phosphate is known to be an important prognostic indicator and was not well balanced between the two groups. Therefore, a subcohort of 97 cats was selected (those having baseline phosphate < 6.0 mg/dL) that allowed for this parameter to be balanced between groups. The survival data in this subcohort was consistent with that of the overall study cohort. Conclusions: In feline patients with CKD, beraprost therapy was associated with better overall survival.
Proportional Equation and Multiplicative Superposition: New Way to Understand Reality
Authors: Kim Seong-Dong
Published: April 2023

We still do not have satisfactory answers about the inflationary and accelerating expansions of the universe, the missing mass problem, and the origins of the four fundamental forces and the quantum phenomena. Here, we introduce a new model of matter and space and a postulate on a constant of motion, and then show that an equation of motion derived from the constant of motion could provide new understandings of the above problems. For example, we show that there is a natural inflation scenario and that the co-moving distance to the closest accelerating supernova is clearly given as $c/(\sqrt{3} H)$ ($\sim$8.1 billion ly). In addition, we show that, in a system including a proton and an electron, the equation of motion has eight acceleration terms, some of which are suspected to be responsible for the four fundamental forces and the galaxy rotation anomaly. From further discussion, we conjecture that in order to understand the gravitational and strong interactions and the quantum phenomena, it is necessary to consider the expansion of the universe. The lensing mass distribution is explained, based on another postulate on a method of representing superposition.
Transmisi Kemiskinan Antargenerasi di Indonesia Tahun 1993–2014, Studi Data IFLS
Authors:   Program Pascasarjana Ilmu Ekonomi, Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis, Universitas Indonesia, Irwan Memy , Moeis Jossy P. ,   Departemen Ilmu Ekonomi, Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis, Universitas Indonesia
Published: April 2023

Hipotesis awal penelitian ini adalah anak dari rumah tangga miskin memiliki kecenderungan untuk kembali miskin saat dewasa. Hal ini disebabkan tertutupnya peluang dalam memanfaatkan sumber daya yang tersedia bagi anak dari rumah tangga miskin dibandingkan dengan anak dari rumah tangga tidak miskin. Dengan menggunakan uji McNemar, terbukti bahwa pada rentang tahun 1993–2014 terjadi transmisi kemiskinan di Indonesia. Dengan kata lain, pengentasan kemiskinan belum berhasil dilakukan. Berbagai faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap transmisi kemiskinan di Indonesia dianalisis menggunakan multinomial logit. Faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh adalah tingkat pendidikan dan kesehatan, kepemilikan aset bergerak, serta keberadaan fasilitas sekolah.
IMPLEMENTASI STRATEGI PEMASARAN LEMBAGA PENDIDIKAN PONDOK PESANTREN AL MUAYYAD SURAKARTA
Authors: Uswatun Hasanah Dian , Alfi Ahmad , Mujahid Imam
Published: April 2023

ABSTRAK

 

Sebagian masyarakat memandang pesantren hanya suatu wadah khusus dalam mempelajari agama, belum lagi bagi pesantren yang mencoba mempertahankan nilai-nilai tradisi leluhur tak jarang dianggap sebagai suatu keterbelakangan. Hal tersebut memberikan dampak pada penilaian sebagian masyarakat yang menyebabkan pendidikan pondok pesantren kurang diminati. Atas dasar tersebut, implementasi strategi pemasaran menjadi penting untuk menjawab sebuah kebutuhan. Maksud dari tujuan ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan menjelaskan implementasi strategi pemasaran di lembaga pendidikan Pondok Pesantren Al Muayyad Surakarta.

Artikel penelitian ini menggunakan strategi kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif dan dengan jenis fokus penelitian studi kasus. Sumber data berupa dokumen dan informan. Dalam pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik wawancara dan content analysis. Adapun teknik analisis data menggunakan model atau pola interaktif, dikumpulkan, dikelompokkan, dianalisis, lalu ditarik kesimpulan dengan tetap mengacu teori manajemen strategik Fred R. David tentang implementasi strategi pemasaran.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat strategi pemasaran pendidikan yang dilakukan Pondok Pesantren Al Muayyad Surakarta, yakni pengelolaan promosi lembaga, perencanaan pemasaran, pengorganisasian pemasaran, pembentukan struktur organisasi pemasaran, keterlibatan kiai dan pimpinan dalam pengendalian pemasaran, adanya pembeda dalam pencapaian target pengelolaan pemasaran. Kemudian, implementasi strategi pemasaran Pondok Pesantren Al Muayyad dilakukan dengan melihat persoalan atau permasalahan pemasaran yang meliputi positioning product dan segmentasi pasar. Segmentasi pasar mencakup bentuk produk, harga, promosi, dan tempat. Adapun positioning product berkaitan dengan keistimewaan yang dimiliki Pondok Pesantren Al Muayyad yakni “Cerdas dan Mulia Bersama Al-Qur’an.

 

Kata Kunci:     Implementasi Strategi, Pemasaran, Pesantren.
Bacterial microbiome profiles of the inflamed terminal ileum mucosa in active Crohn’s disease patients
Authors: Yin Juan , Hu Tong , Zhang Liping , Xu Lijuan , Zhu Jianyun , Ye Yulan , Pang Zhi
Published: April 2023

Background:The dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiome relates to the pathogenesis of Crohn’s disease (CD). Previous studies have focused on microbiota diversity and composition in CD patients in comparison with healthy individuals. Nonetheless, intestinal flora varies greatly among individuals. The aim of this study was to characterize the bacterial microbiome profiles of inflamed mucosa in comparison with those of noninflamed mucosa from Crohn’s disease patients.Methods:Sequencing of 16S rDNA V4 was used to identify the bacterial microbiome profiles of twelve pairs of inflamed and noninflamed mucosa from active CD patients.Results:753 OTUs were specific to inflamed tissues. Alpha diversity demonstrated that the biodiversity of the bacterial microbiota in the inflamed mucosa was increased, but it was not significantly different from that in the noninflamed mucosa. LEfSe Clustergram showedMicrococcaceae,Bifidobacteriaceae,Bifidobacteriales,FlavobacteriaceaeandMethylobacteriaceaeas potential biomarkers in the inflamed mucosa of active CD patients. Wilcox test results of genus differences indicatedMethylobacterium,Rothia,Shinella,Capnocytophaga,Actinomyces,Gardnerella,Leucobacter, andBifidobacteriumas significantly upregulated genera in the inflamed mucosa of active CD patients compared with their own noninflamed mucosa.Conclusions:These findings provide new evidence that the dysbiosis of mucosa-associated microbiota contributes to CD development, from a self-comparison perspective.
Mpox emergence in Japan: risks of establishment in Asia and the global resurgence
Authors: Endo Akira , Jung Sung-mok , Miura Fuminari
Published: April 2023

In late January 2023, mpox cases without a travel history started to be frequently reported in Japan. As of 31 March 2023, the total number of cases reached 82 with an apparent sign of sustained local transmission. Compared with many of the previously affected countries, Japan is more closely connected with other Asian countries. In the current global mpox outbreak, Asia has been the least affected region so far with limited or no vaccine rollout. As a result, many countries in this region (including low- and middle-income countries) are left with a large susceptible population to mpox. If local transmission is established in these countries, the global spread of mpox may reemerge.
Vitamin D Receptor Gene polymorphisms and Genetic susceptibility to Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis
Authors: Siddiq Amer , Naveed Abdul Khaliq , Khan Javed Ahmad , Fatima Noor , Muzaffar Maryam
Published: April 2023

Background
The severity and complexity of autoimmune disorders is dependent on the genetic capability of individuals. Genetic studies have revealed association between polymorphisms of Vitamin D Receptor gene and individuals’ predisposition to autoimmune diseases. Therefore, this study aimed to develop relationship between vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms and hypothyroidism.
Materials and Methods
A total of 144 individuals were studies, including 72 patients presenting with symptoms of Hashimoto’s disease. The amplicon sequencing was performed on samples bearing M13 tail tags. Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS software to establish correlations of genotypes and alleles among control and diseased individuals.
Results
The mean concentrations of vitamin D were observed to be critically low in patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. Of the four SNPs studied, only rs7975232 was found to be significantly related with disease progression. Other three rs1544410, rs731236 and rs2228570 did not show significant correlation in the individuals studied.
Conclusion
Altered VDR expressions because of various VDR polymorphisms have been shown to exhibit differently among various races and ethnic groups. Furthermore, these VDR polymorphisms also vary among populations in different environmental and genetic predispositions. This study suggests the homozygous CC genotype at rs7975232 to be more as a risk factor for development of Hashimoto’s disease in the population studied.
Students Perspectives of the Effect of Ethnicity On Experiences in a Graduate Entry Medicine Course in Wales: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Zulfiqar Mehwaish Haseefah , Moughal Mariam , Rahim Arian , Tomlin Jamie , Tin Kimberly , Obilanade Funminiyi , Brown Lydia Emma Lucy , Hawthorne Kamila
Published: April 2023

Objectives:To explore the clinical experiences of graduate-entry medical students; whether ethnicity impacts this and how medical education can better prepare students from a diverse range of backgroundsDesign:Qualitative study using semi-structured interviewsSetting:A medical school in WalesParticipants:17 graduate-entry MBChB students were recruited using volunteer and snowball sampling; 9 students self-identified as being from Black, Asian or Minority Ethnic backgrounds (BAME) and 8 from White Caucasian backgrounds.Results:When asked whether they felt they had experienced disadvantage during their time on the course, 6 BAME students report feeling disadvantaged during their studies and 2 were unsure. This was compared to 2 white students who felt disadvantaged. Gender was most frequently linked to disadvantage, followed by ethnicity and racial background. Patients were reported to be the main causes of microaggressions and overt racism, leading to uncomfortable situations for BAME and White students. Clinician interactions were identified as a source of disadvantage, often linked to students’ being overlooked in teaching and opportunities. ‘Unfamiliar’ names were associated with negative experiences, which ranged from being blanked for having a name perceived as difficult to pronounce to being disrespected. Microaggressions by clinicians and patients were identified by BAME and White participants alike, with participants feeling unsure of how to handle them. Institutional factors were divided into language used by lecturers and clinicians and lack of support. Language was felt to be out-dated and furthering the feeling of ‘other’ felt by BAME students. Students reported feeling unsupported and dismissed when trying to escalate issues, leading to a lack of trying after a while.Conclusion:In this cohort, although patients were most commonly associated with discrimination, the disadvantage in medical education was perceived to be linked to clinician interactions. Names and being ignored by clinicians most impacted on learning experiences. Institutional factors compounded the aforementioned and furthered the feeling of ‘other’ by BAME students.
Biochanin A abrogates osteoclastogenesis in type 2 diabetic osteoporosis via regulating ROS/MAPK signaling pathway based on integrating molecular docking and experimental validation
Authors: He Qi , Yang Junzheng , Chen Weijian , Pan Zhaofeng , Chen Baihao , Zeng Jiaxu , Zhang Nenling , Lin Yuewei , Chen Chuyi , Xiao Jiacong , Li Miao , Li Shaocong , Wang Haibin , Chen Peng
Published: April 2023

Background:There are accumulating type 2 diabetes patients who have osteoporosis simultaneously. More effective therapeutic strategies should be discovered. Biochanin A (BCA) has been indicated that can play a role in improving metabolic disorders of type 2 diabetes and preventing osteoporosis. But whether BCA can treat type 2 diabetic osteoporosis has not been studied.Purpose:To investigate if the BCA can protect against type 2 diabetic osteoporosis and clarify the mechanism.Methods:Micro-CT and histology assays were performed to detect the trabecular bone and analyze the bone histomorphology effect of BCA. CCK-8 assay was performed to detect the toxicity of BCA. TRAcP staining, immunofluorescence and hydroxyapatite resorption assay were used to observe osteoclasts differentiation and resorptive activity. Molecular docking provided evidence about BCA regulating the MAPK axis via prediction by the algorithm. QRT-PCR and Western Blotting were utilized to detect the expression of osteoclastogenesis-related markers and MAPK signaling pathway.Results:Accumulation of bone volume after BCA treatment could be found based on the 3D reconstruction. Besides, there were fewer osteoclasts indb/dbmice treated with BCA thandb/dbmice treated with saline. In vitro, we found that BCA hadn’t toxicity in osteoclasts precursor, but also inhibited differentiation of osteoclasts. Further, we found that BCA suppresses osteoclastogenesis via ROS/MAPK signaling pathway.Conclusion:BCA can prevent type 2 diabetic osteoporosis by restricting osteoclast differentiation via ROS/MAPK signaling pathway.
Assessment of Covid-19 Vaccine Confidence Among Healthcare Personnel in The Safety-Net Sector in The United States and Puerto Rico
Authors: Miles Thomas T. , Li Shang-Ju , Danzig Tija , Marrero Miguel , Morales Ivelisse , Babazadeh Saleh
Published: April 2023

Background: This study aimed to assess COVID-19 vaccine confidence among healthcare personnel in the safety net sector of the United States and Puerto Rico. The study aimed to examine the extent to which increased knowledge and positive attitudes about COVID-19 vaccine safety and efficacy were associated with healthcare workers' COVID-19 vaccination status and their recommendation of the vaccine to all patients.
Methods: The study collected online survey data from healthcare workers working in Free and Charitable Clinics across the United States and Federally Qualified Health Centers in Puerto Rico. The survey consisted of 62 questions covering various demographic measures and constructs related to healthcare workers' vaccination status, beliefs, and their recommendation of COVID-19 vaccination to all patients. Statistical analyses, including multivariate analysis, were conducted to identify the factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine status and recommendation among healthcare personnel.
Results: Among the 2273 respondents, 93% reported being vaccinated against COVID-19. The analysis revealed that respondents who believed that COVID-19 vaccines were efficacious and safe were three times more likely to be vaccinated and two times more likely to recommend the vaccine to all their patients. Respondents who believed they had received adequate information about COVID-19 vaccination were 10 times more likely to be vaccinated and four times more likely to recommend it to all their patients.
Conclusions: The study findings suggest that healthcare personnel's COVID-19 vaccine confidence is associated with increased knowledge and holding positive beliefs and attitudes about COVID-19 vaccine safety and efficacy. The results also highlight the importance of healthcare personnel feeling adequately informed and confident in their knowledge to recommend the vaccine to their patients. These findings have important implications for developing strategies to increase COVID-19 vaccine confidence among healthcare personnel and improve vaccine uptake among their patients.
Bacteriospermia in Men Among Infertile Couples in Nepalese Population
Authors: Shrestha Anima , Joshi Dev Raj , Vaidya Dijan , Shrestha Sanu Maiya , Singh Anjana
Published: April 2023

Infection of male urogenital tract or male accessory glands is considered as one of the important causes of male infertility, and results in the presence of bacteria in semen affecting fertility potential of men. It is important to know the composition of bacteria in semen to understand the etiology of urogenital infections and its association with infertility. This study aims to know the rate of infection in semen of infertile men, and the association of seminal bacteria with semen parameters related to fertility potential. A cross-sectional study was carried out from June 2021 to July 2022, in which 213 semen samples were collected from the male partners of couples consulting for fertility problems in an infertility center of Nepal. All the samples were processed following WHO guidelines, 2021. Analysis of semen parameters was done immediately after the liquefaction of collected samples. Microbiological assessment was also done for identification of bacteria in semen by conventional method, which showed 25.4% of samples had bacteriospermia. S. aureus and Corynebacterium were predominant bacteria in semen. The volume of semen was significantly associated with bacteriospermia. The concentration of sperms, percentage of total sperm motility, sperms with normal forms and vitality were found to be less in semen with bacteria compared to those without bacteria, which was statistically insignificant. This study provides a baseline data on bacterial infection in semen of infertile men in Nepal.
Community-based perinatal mental health peer support: a realist review
Authors: McLeish Jenny , Ayers Susan , McCourt Christine
Published: April 2023

Background Peer support has been suggested as an alternative or complement to professional support for mothers with perinatal mental health difficulties. The aim of this realist review was to synthesise the evidence on perinatal mental health peer support programmes outside mental health services, to understand what is it about community-based perinatal mental health peer support that works, for whom, in what circumstances, in what respects, and why. Methods Applying realist methodology, an initial theoretical model was tested against evidence from empirical studies. 29 empirical studies were included, covering 22 antenatal and postnatal mental health interventions that offered one-to-one or group peer support, in person or by telephone. Data extraction identified the configurations of contexts (C), mechanisms (M) and outcomes (O) relevant to mothers’ use of peer support and to the positive and negative effects of using peer support. Results 13 C-M-O configurations explained take-up of peer support. These were based on mothers’ perceptions that peer support would offer empathetic understanding and non-judgemental acceptance outside their social circle; their relationships with primary health professionals; their cultural background and perspectives on mental health; their desire for professional support; overcoming barriers; the format of the support; and the use of volunteers. A further 13 C-M-O configurations explained positive impact on mothers. These were based on receiving empathetic listening, acceptance, affirmation and normalisation; peers sharing ideas about self-care, coping, and services; peers using therapeutic techniques; the opportunity to give support to others; meaningful social relationships with volunteers and other mothers; and other benefits of attending a group. There were 8 C-M-O configurations explaining negative impact. These were based on lack of validation; self-criticism from downward and upward social comparison; a culture of negativity; peers being judgemental or directive; not feeling heard; peer support as a stressful social relationship; and distress at endings. Conclusions Peer support works in complex ways that are affected by personal and social contexts. Applying insights from this review could enable programmes to train peer supporters to maximise the benefits and minimise potential risks, and to devise new ways of reaching mothers who do not currently engage with peer support.