bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La digitalizzazione della cooperazione giudiziaria in materia civile e commerciale nell’Unione europea
Authors: Signorin Stefano
Published: March 2024

Il contributo affronta il tema della nuova disciplina europea sull’assunzione di prove all’estero in materia civile e commerciale recata dal regolamento (UE) n. 1783/2020. L’autore ne esplora gli aspetti principali, dedicando particolare attenzione alle disposizioni in tema di giustizia elettronica, emanazione del principio digital by default, attraverso cui il canale digitale è stato elevato a metodo di comunicazione predefinito e preferenziale tra le autorità competenti degli Stati membri. Il coordinamento tra i sistemi giudiziari nazionali passa attraverso una piattaforma informatica decentrata ed interoperabile, basata sulla tecnologia e- Justice Communication via Online Data Exchange (e-CODEX) che, nel contesto dell’assistenza istruttoria transfrontaliera, assume la denominazione di sistema “taking of evidence” (ToE). In seguito, il regolamento (UE) n. 850/2022 introduce i caratteri essenziali di e-CODEX. Da ultimo, viene discussa la compatibilità dell’impiego di tale tecnologia con l’esigenza di salvaguardare i diritti fondamentali e le garanzie processuali degli individui.
Irreconcilability and the Role of the CJEU post-Brexit
Authors: Lambsdorff Frederik Graf , Ma Yaqi
Published: March 2024

In the latest court decision in the context of the “Prestige” case, post-Brexit legal complexities came to the forefront. The “London P&I Club” contested a Spanish court’s decision demanding compensation for an oil spill. Invoking arbitration, the Club sought to prevent enforcement of the Spanish judgment in the UK. However, the CJEU ruled the arbitration couldn’t block the Spanish judgment’s recognition. Challenging this, Justice Butcher of the London High Court found the CJEU had overstepped its jurisdiction. He concluded the arbitration proceedings could indeed impede the Spanish judgment’s enforcement, highlighting tensions between UK courts and CJEU post-Brexit, and raising critical questions about arbitration’s role in international disputes and the principles of irreconcilability and public policy.
Bienes culturales e “interest analysis”
Authors: Zambrana Tévar Nicolás
Published: March 2024

Este artículo comenta una sentencia que puede poner fin a un largo y complejo litigio que trata de la aplicación de la teoría de la ponderación de intereses en conflicto – “comparative impairment approach” – en materia de conflicto de leyes. También trata de la elección entre las normas de conflicto federales, o estatales. Este litigio es también muy relevante para la actual batalla que tiene lugar ante los tribunales norteamericanos, para recuperar obras de artes expropiadas por los Nazis y que se encuentran fuera de los Estados Unidos.
N. Goñi Urriza. La libre circulación de servicios en la Unión Europea: El régimen de la libertad de establecimiento y la libre prestación de servicios y su aplicación por los tribunales españoles
Authors: Calvo Caravaca Alfonso-Luis
Published: March 2024

Este artículo reseña:

I. Goñi Urriza. La libre circulación de servicios en la Unión Europea: El régimen de la libertad de establecimiento y la libre prestación de servicios y su aplicación por los tribunales españoles. Madrid, Ed. Bosch, 2023. ISBN: 9788490907245.
Linfocitose Policlonal Persistente de Células B (LPPB): Uma Entidade que Não É o que Parece
Authors: Figueiredo António , Freitas Ana Carolina , Paulino Diogo , Severino Carlos , Calú Máriam , Barreira Rui
Published: March 2024

A linfocitose policlonal persistente de células B é uma doença rara, caracterizada por linfocitose crónica policlonal, que ocorre mais frequentemente em mulheres fumadoras de meia-idade, que se apresentam assintomáticas ou com sintomas inespecíficos. A presença de linfócitos B binucleados é considerada a assinatura citomorfológica desta entidade. A imunofenotipagem comprova a sua origem policlonal, observando-se muitas vezes uma elevação da IgM sérica. É controverso se existe um risco aumentado de desenvolvimento de linfoma. A predisposição genética é também um fator de risco, além do tabagismo. Apesar da sua natureza policlonal, alterações genéticas recorrentes estão descritas. Na linfocitose policlonal persistente de células B a abordagem terapêutica consiste habitualmente numa vigilância regular, o que reforça a importância do seu reconhecimento. Os autores descrevem o caso de uma mulher de 46 anos, fumadora, com linfocitose crónica, IgM elevada e linfócitos binucleados. O diagnóstico diferencial com linfoma assumiu particular importância, considerando os sintomas constitucionais e esplenomegalia que apresentava.
Beneficial Effects of Geological Materials: With Africa Case Descriptions
Authors: Olarewaju Olaoluwa Omoniyi , Fajinmi Olufunke Omowumi , Davies Theophilus C. , Arthur Georgina D. , Coopoosamy Roger Murugas , Naidoo Kubendran Kista
Published: March 2024

Studies on Medical Geology have up till recently tended to emphasise the harmful effects of geological material and processes. This is perhaps justifiable, given the realisation that many environmental diseases could have causal links with some geo-environmental variables as co-factors, making such studies extremely valuable in the improvement of diagnoses and therapy. However, this review aims to show that in addition to the high value of such research, studies conducted on the beneficial properties of Earth materials also have considerable merit, given their enormous potential for assuaging a wide range of environmental health disorders. For instance, certain geological materials including clay minerals contain active substances that show considerable promise in various applications such as pharmaceutical formulations, aesthetic medicine, and indigenous medicine. This review synthesises current knowledge of how certain geological materials can be exploited in formulating remedies for some human health problems. Reports of the therapeutic uses of clay minerals, zinc oxide (zincite), zeolite, and kaolin are appraised. The review shows that ancient and contemporary use of geological materials such as clay minerals have played crucial roles in the treatment of several human diseases, with recent and ongoing research revealing further development in these applications. Well strategised clinical trials using available resources could give impetus to further research in elucidating the potential of various geomaterials as innovative clinical remedies for some human diseases and infections as well as aid the proper scientific documentation of their natural uses.
La cultura difundida en tiempos de pandemia: una experiencia en Ecuador con estudiantes de Software y Derecho
Authors: Hernández Infante Rafael Carlos , Infante Miranda María Elena
Published: March 2024

La época contemporánea está signada por el acelerado desarrollo de las tecnologías de la información y las comunicaciones. Estas aportan mejoras al desempeño de los individuos. La Universidad Regional Autónoma de los Andes, en Ecuador, reparando en la necesidad de preservar la salud de estudiantes, docentes y administrativos, ha hecho cambios en la enseñanza presencial y semipresencial, desarrollando un proceso virtual. Independiente de ello, el estudiantado se ha visto afectado por el delicado contexto en que se encuentran insertados. El trabajo está orientado al cumplimiento del siguiente objetivo: argumentar cómo la difusión de la cultura puede contribuir a la motivación de estudiantes de Software y Derecho, para conducir su formación en tiempos de pandemia. La investigación es de base cualitativa. Como métodos del nivel teórico se emplean el: análisis y crítica de fuentes. Dentro del nivel empírico se hacen uso de: la observación participante y la escuesta.
Diarios de pandemia: la experiencia de estudiantes de la UACH
Authors: Juárez Méndez Nidia Paola
Published: March 2024

Entre marzo y junio de 2020 se invitó a estudiantes de Historia de la Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua a que, de manera voluntaria, registraran en un diario la experiencia personal vivida durante los primeros meses de la pandemia de Covid-19. A partir de una selección representativa de extractos, se pretende visibilizar la experiencia de cómo jóvenes universitarios estudiantes de la licenciatura en Historia han afrontado la pandemia, así mismo, documentar y dar testimonio de cómo está afectando a diferentes personas, además de generar documentos susceptibles de ser utilizados como fuentes para la historia.
Portada Educación
Authors: Pittavino SebastiánPittavino
Published: March 2024

n/a
El Covid-19 y la guerra contra los maestros en Oaxaca
Authors: Maldonado Alvarado Benjamín
Published: March 2024

Se hace un resumen de los últimos años de la relación gobierno-magisterio en Oaxaca para ubicar las posibles consecuencias de la pandemia de Covid en el proceso social de la educación básica en el estado.
Salud mental, covid-19 y ROTMENAS
Authors: Chávez Baray Silvia M. , Sánchez Escalante Martha Dolores
Published: March 2024

La salud del individuo tiene dos componentes: la salud física y la salud mental, incluso, se ha dicho que no existe salud física sin salud mental. La salud mental está compuesta por el bienestar biopsicosocial de la persona y afecta los pensamientos, las sensaciones y la conducta al enfrentarse a diferentes escenarios en la vida. Cuidar de la salud mental puede preservar la capacidad de una persona para disfrutar de la vida.
¿Quién les preguntó qué escuela querían? Escucha de niñas y niños en la escuela nueva en tiempos de pandemia
Authors: Estigarribia Camila , Padovani Francesco
Published: March 2024

En el contexto sanitario de emergencia covid-19 mucho se ha investigado y consultado a adultas y adultos sobre los modos en que la cuarentena ha venido atravesando las vidas cotidianas: los cambios de dinámicas, las rutinas, los empleos y desempleos, las angustias, los miedos, las miserias, las incertidumbres. En fin, literatura suficiente hay al respecto, donde se analiza siempre la pandemia desde una experiencia adulta que lee el mundo y en él, sus problemáticas. Pero ¿qué dicen las niñas y los niños al respecto? ¿Quién les ha ido a preguntar de qué modo atraviesan sus propias pandemias?
Optimization of Gas Injection Network Using Genetic Algorithm: A Solution for Intermittent Gas Lift Wells
Authors: Garg Ankit , Sharma Aman , Rajvanshi Saurabh , Suman Abhinav , Goswami Bhargab , Yadav Mahendra Prasad , Narayana DKJ , Tiwary Rajesh
Published: March 2024

Multiple intermittent gas lift (IGL) wells are typically connected to a centralized high-pressure gas source, which can result in significant fluctuations in gas injection header pressure and subsequent liquid surges in the well fluid header when gas injection is initiated simultaneously in multiple wells. To address the challenge of gas injection interference among intermittent gas lift wells, we propose a mathematical model that utilizes genetic algorithm to optimize the staggering of time cycles, with the goal of achieving minimal interference.

Genetic algorithms approach provides an effective optimization technique for addressing the time cycle staggering in intermittent gas lift wells. The algorithm involves creating a population of potential solutions, representing each solution as a set of genes or chromosome. In the context of this model, the gas injection time slots for each well are encoded as chromosomes. The developed model utilizes input gas injection time cycles, to compute the best possible time slots for each well. By leveraging the principles of natural selection and evolution, the model iteratively computes the best possible time slots for each well, continuously improving the solutions until convergence is reached. This approach minimizes gas injection interference and enhances the efficiency of gas lift operations.

The current field practice involves manually staggering the time cycle slots to minimize interference among wells, which becomes impractical with increased well and time slot numbers. Our developed model based on genetic algorithm optimization approach offers an automated and efficient solution for time cycle staggering in intermittent gas lift wells. Despite the NP-hard (non-deterministic polynomial-time hardness) nature of the problem, genetic algorithms provide an effective means of generating near-optimal solutions within a reasonable computational time. By minimizing gas injection interference, this optimization technique enhances the overall efficiency of gas lift operations, preventing production losses. Application of the developed model in the onshore oil field of ONGC demonstrated a significant reduction in gas injection header pressure fluctuations which improved the overall performance of the gas lift system. In this study effect of manually staggered gas injection time cycle, on gas injection network pressure fluctuations is also analysed.

The population of wells employing intermittent gas lift mode is progressively growing as oil fields undergo browning. This advancement in optimization methodology holds great promise for the oil and gas industry, facilitating the optimization of gas injection time cycle slots leading to reduced pressure fluctuations and improved production efficiency.
Targeted Acid Stimulation Technique for Production Enhancement – A Montney Case Study
Authors: Smith F. T , Ramji Z
Published: March 2024

A safe and cost-effective method of stimulating a multi-zone hydrocarbon producing well is presented whereby a tool containing dry chemical is deployed downhole via wireline. An extended exothermic reaction is initiated downhole which generates acid vapour at a target depth in front of the perforated interval. This method allows for each interval to be uniquely treated with specific acid blends and order of operations.

A typical well in the field is characterized as a vertical oil producing well with two existing perforated intervals. The top interval is a 3½ foot perforated interval in the Worsley Dolomite with a permeability of 500 - 1000 mD and 40 - 45% porosity. Approximately 50 feet below is a 3 ½ foot perforated Worsley Siltstone interval with 18-20% porosity and permeability of 5 - 10 mD. The 5 ½" 14 lbs/ft cemented production casing is set at approximately 3000 ft.

Prior to acidizing, a workover operation was completed where the 2 7/8" tubing was pulled. The order of operations was to first perforate a new 20-foot interval in the Montney that was 70 feet below the Worsley Siltstone. Subsequently, the tightest interval – the Worsley Siltstone – was then treated using an HCl tool deployed via wireline which acted as a pre-flush treatment. This removed any existing scale and provided an HCl rich environment to minimize the risk or precipitation of CaF2 when later acidizing with Mud Acid. After the HCl pre-flush, an HCl/HF tool was then deployed. The next interval was the Worsley Dolomite which was treated with HCl followed by the newly perforated 20-foot Montney interval which was also treated with HCl. This entire operation is completed in 8 hours.

Prior to treatment, the candidate wells were producing on average 6 bbl/day and had shown a declining trend over a period of several years. Prior treatments were to bullhead 15% HCl acid and it was believed that the acid was not all going to the desired zone. Using the new method, a total of 7 wells were treated - one well per day - and the average increase in production increase was 342% approximately 60 days post-treatment. The production increase was sustained with wells maintaining an average increase in production of 183% approximately 9 months post-treatment.

This method of acidizing has supplanted the previous acidizing method - bullheading of 15% HCl - due to its sustained production enhancement and cost-effectiveness.
Technology Advancements in Loss Circulation (LC) Spacer Deployment Across a Narrow Pressure Window for Critical Liner Cement Jobs: Case Studies from Saudi Arabia
Authors: Ali Wajid , Hashmi Ahmad Atef , Turki Faisal Abdullah Al , Bouaraki Mouloud , Aljardan Moaathe
Published: March 2024

A major challenge that is faced during the well construction phase is to cement the formations holding narrow pressure margins between the pore and fracture gradients without inducing losses that could compromise the integrity of the cement barrier. The paper will review two case studies for deploying an engineered loss circulation (LC) spacer system as an important solution for primary cementing operations in the case study wells with such narrow pressure margins.

One of the case studies well is a land well where a high-pressure influx was encountered while drilling an 8-3/8-in hole across a water-bearing formation. A narrow pressure gradient persuaded to utilize a managed pressure drilling (MPD) system. The well was drilled to the target depth using 138 lbm/ft3 oil-based mud drilling fluid while maintaining the equivalent circulation density (ECD) from 146.5 to 149.5 lbm/ft3. A 150 lbm/ft3 slurry was designed to keep the ECD intact. Additionally, the spacer was loaded with optimum amounts of surfactant package to help remove the mud and to water-wet the formation and pipe to achieve better cement bonding.

It was observed that the engineered LC spacer provided safe isolation of low fracture gradient zones cost-effectively, even in challenging narrow-pressure window scenarios. The LC Spacer was able to mitigate the loss circulation while cementing due to the utilization of ultra-low invasion technology, which created a barrier across loss circulation zones. It was also observed that the LC spacer formed a shield across formation walls and reduced the loss circulation, ranging from partial to total losses on permeable, fragile, weak formations, naturally fractured reservoirs, and depleted reservoirs. The LC spacer also improved wellbore stability and ECDs along the wellbore and expected loss zones. Ultimately, the paper concludes that LC Spacer can be designed to address the challenge of minimizing losses during the primary cement job by offering superior sealing capabilities.

The case studies present an overview of the engineering process used to plan critical liner cement jobs using a specialized LC spacer system. This paper reviews the execution of two successful liner jobs and presents findings and lessons learned. After the successful results on these jobs and subsequent operations, this spacer system is now being adopted to optimize cementing, where losses during cementing operations in the past have forced the modification of well construction.
Assuring Critical Coiled Tubing Re-Entry Operations of Old Wells with Integrity Issues by the Application of the Well Intervention Guide, Provides Execution to Safeguard the Life and Environment
Authors: Rodriguez A. , Cadavid C. , Ortega O. , Silva P. , Guarín L. , Rincón R. , Cuervo M. , Garay R. , Hernandez J.
Published: March 2024

This paper presents the critical aspects taken into account during the planning process of a Coiled Tubing re-entry of an old abandoned well with substandard modified wellhead, a section of 2-7/8″ tubing stuck into the surface cement plug, hazardous atmosphere readings, integrity issues exhibiting sustained casing pressure, wellbore fluids migration on surface, presence of formation faults connecting over pressured formations and background of a well control event requiring 21.1 ppg fluid during the completion stage.

Due to the complexity of the Coiled Tubing intervention and information uncertainty, the planning strategy was divided in three stages: First, an initial inspection to determine the integrity status of the wellhead and accessories on the surface, then a second stage to ensure and correct the integrity of the wellhead and the last stage to carry out the intervention on coiled tubing. For the last stage the IDA-G-001 Well Intervention Guide process was followed to fulfil a strict operational discipline including several peer reviews by technical authorities to safeguard the life and environment.

The well interventions team planned a critical Plug and Abandonment P&A intervention in a restricted access location; the need for more information was a challenge. The field group accomplished the challenge of milling out with Coiled tubing, the 7″ casing cement plug, and 2-7/8″ tubing with expected well pressure below the cement plug with the proper simulations, bases of design and risk assessments. Acquiring more information about the well's integrity by running electric logs was crucial for adequately designing the abandonment that fulfills the government regulations and industry standards. Consequence analysis and multidisciplinary detailed risk assessment were essential for identify contingency plans during the planning. The pre-operational QA Check list was verified for all the services involved in the abandonment, to mitigate the risk of equipment failure, and this contributed to execute the intervention according to the planing. The two first stages of wellhead inspection and subsequent integrity assurance allowed the intervention with no wellbore fluids that could contaminate the surface.

The application of the corporate Guide for the Planning and Execution of Special Interventions, (Well Intervention Guide WIG), is a detailed process that, through an initial risk assessment, determines the complexity of the planning and safe execution of high-risk interventions and is a powerful tool when critical operations such as the intervention of old wells with lack of information and integrity are required.
Enhancing Nutritional and Organoleptic Properties of Jerusalem Artichoke Tuber through Probiotic Fermentation
Authors: Bayazitov Kamil R. , Ivanov Maksim S. , Gelazov Robert K. , Barua Subhrajit , Lavrentev Filipp V. , Antsyperova Mariia А. , Fedorov Aleksei А. , Iakovchenko Natalia V.
Published: March 2024

Fermented plant-based products are rapidly gaining popularity worldwide. Factors influencing the consumers' choice of such products include not only a desire to improve their health but also to reduce the environmental impact associated with the high consumption of animal products such as meat and dairy. Numerous studies demonstrate that fermentation enhances the bioavailability of nutrients such as amino acids, vitamins, and minerals in plant-based products. Consuming cultures of probiotic microorganisms as part of fermented plant-based products can have a beneficial impact on the digestive and immune systems. This article focuses on the use of different pre-treatment methods on Jerusalem artichoke tubers and the possibility of using fermentation to create new plant-based products with unique organoleptic properties and health benefits. Due to the unfavorable influence on quality indicators of plant dispersions, such as pH level, percentage of dry matter, content of proteins, fats, carbohydrates, fiber, and polyphenols, an increase in minerals, among ultrasound-treated, pre-frozen and untreated samples, a decision was made to carry out fermentation process using untreated raw material. Our study shows that among the various samples of Jerusalem artichoke tuber dispersions fermented with selected probiotic strains, the one with L. bulgaricus provides the most efficient fermentation process: the highest antioxidant activity with a maximum value of 67.5% DPPH activity on day 5 after fermentation; the highest increase of microbial cells during fermentation was recorded to be log10(CFU/ml) = 2.3; the fastest acid accumulation and the best results of sensory estimation were also achieved.
SNPs in microRNA Seed Region and Impact of miR-375 in Concurrent Regulation of Multiple Lipid Accumulation-related Genes
Authors: Lee Jiyeon , Hong Inpyo , Lee Chanwoo , Kim Daehyun , Kim Sunghak , Lee Yoonseok
Published: March 2024

Bovine intramuscular fat (IMF), commonly referred to as marbling, is regulated by lipid metabolism, which includes adipogenesis, lipogenesis, glycerolipid synthesis, and lipolysis. In recent years, breeding researchers have identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as useful marker-assisted selection tools for improving marbling scores in national breeding programs. These included causal SNPs that induce phenotypic variation. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small highly conserved non-coding RNA molecules that bind to multiple non-coding regions. They are involved in post-transcriptional regulation. Multiple miRNAs may regulate a given target. Previously, three SNPs in the GPAM 3' UTR and four miRNAs were identified through in silico assays. This study aimed to verify the binding ability of the four miRNAs to the 3' UTR of the GPAM gene and identify their multifunctional role in adipocytes. We verified that the four miRNAs bound to the GPAM 3'UTR and identified that the miR-375 sequence is highly conserved. Furthermore, we found that miR-375 upregulated the GPAM gene and other lipid metabolism-related genes and promoted lipid droplet accumulation in 3T3-L1 cells. In conclusion, these results suggest that miR-375 is a multifunctional regulator of multiple lipid metabolism-related genes and may aid in obesity research as a biomarker.
Differential expression of cellular prion protein (PrP C ) in mouse hepatitis virus induced neuroinflammation
Authors: Ghosh Satavisha , Jana Rishika , Jana Soumen , Basu Rahul , Chatterjee Madhurima , Ranawat Nishtha , Sarma Jayasri Das
Published: March 2024

The cellular prion protein (PrPC) is an extracellular cell membrane protein. Due to its diversified roles, a definite role of PrPC has been difficult to establish. During viral infection, PrPC has been reported to play a pleiotropic role. Here, we have attempted to envision the function of PrPC in the neurotropic m-CoV-MHV-RSA59-induced model of neuroinflammation in C57BL/6 mice. A significant upregulation of PrPC at protein and mRNA levels was evident in infected mouse brains during the acute phase of neuroinflammation. Furthermore, investigation of the effect of MHV-RSA59 infection on prion expression in specific neuronal, microglial, and astrocytoma cell lines, revealed a differential expression of prion during neuroinflammation. Additionally, siRNA-mediated downregulation of prnp transcripts reduced the expression of viral antigen and viral infectivity in these cell lines. Cumulatively, our results suggest that PrPC expression significantly increases during acute MHV-RSA59 infection and that PrPC also assists in viral infectivity and viral replication.
Effects of Short-Term Sleep-Low Method on Exercise Performance and Fat Metabolism
Authors: SAKAMOTO Takumi , UEDA Shin-ya , NAKAHARA Hidehiro
Published: March 2024

Background: The sleep-low method has been proposed as a way to reduce glycogen availability, sleep and temporarily restrict carbohydrates to improve exercise performance. In the sleep-low strategy, however, dietary restriction has been implemented four times a week for only three weeks, out of concern that long-term dietary restriction may induce mental stress and cause a decrease in performance in athletes. If it is possible to elucidate the intervention effects of the sleep-low strategy implemented for a shorter period than that in previous studies, there will be growing expectation to achieve training aiming to improve athletes’ performance and dietary restriction aiming at weight loss without incurring stress due to long-term dietary restrictions. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to clarify the intervention effect of a short-term intensive sleep-low method.
Methodsː The purpose of this study was to clarify the intervention effect of a short-term intensive sleep-low method. A total of 22 subjects were recruited among university students participating in sports club activities. The experimental period was two weeks. In the first week, both groups took a usual diet. In the second week, the sleep-low group was prohibited to consume carbohydrates after 16:00, while the control group continued to take the usual diet. In both groups, the calorie intake and carbohydrate intake in the second week should be equivalent to those in the first week. During the study period of two weeks, all subjects ran for one hour every day before breakfast at a heart rate of 65% of their maximum heart rate, based on the data obtained from preliminary measurements.
Resultsː The results obtained from young adults participating in sports showed significant differences in VO2peak, work rate max, RQ, body weight, and lean body mass after intervention compared to before intervention in the sleep-low group (p < 0.05).
Conclusionsː The present results indicate that Sleep-Low method, even when performed for short term, markedly improves fat metabolism. However, there is a need to consider nutritional intake other than carbohydrates.
Research and Community Engagement During the COVID-19 Pandemic in a Resource-Limited Setting: A mixed methods study with Epidemic Preparedness Implications
Authors: Kaawa-Mafigiri David , Muyomba Dickson , Kisakye Irene Sheila , Semakula Daniel , Sewankambo Nelson K.
Published: March 2024

Background
When WHO declared the SARS-CoV-2 respiratory virus pandemic in 2020, Uganda was unprepared to prevent and control its spread or manage the COVID-19 and non-COVID patients. A community trial to assess the efficacy of an intensive community engagement and risk communication (CERC) was contemplated. However, a baseline assessment of the existing CERC status and the challenges of conducting community research in the early months of the pandemic was necessary.
Methods
A community baseline face-to-face mixed-methods study with a quantitative survey and qualitative research (in-depth interviews, key informant interviews, focus group discussions, and household conversations) was implemented in 15 parishes (6 and 9 in Kawempe and Nakawa divisions respectively) of Kampala Capital City Authority, Uganda. We employed a multistage sampling strategy that allocated parishes and villages based on their proportional contribution to the overall population for the planned CERC trial which was to follow. The baseline study, was conducted during the pandemic from July 2020 to February 2021.
Results
There were 852 respondents with median age 32 years (IQR 25–42). Majority were females (n = 610, 73·05%), and household heads (n = 391, 46·5%) followed by spouses of household heads (n = 305, 36·1%) and children (n = 68, 8%). Most were low-and middle-income workers. Some had tertiary education (n = 206, 24·2%), ordinary level (n = 195, 23·3%), primary education (n = 201, 24·01%), and no formal education (n = 142, 16%). Many potential challenges to research involving CERC were identified and were categorized into three main interrelated domains: a) implementation challenges b) social, cultural, and political context of the research, and c) budgetary and funding constraints.
Conclusions
The three interrelated challenges identified in this study should be considered in future plans for epidemic and pandemic preparedness. The practical application of conventional concepts like CE, risk communication, qualitative research methods must be re-examined prior to epidemics and pandemics to improve their applicability and responsiveness during complex, dynamic epidemics and pandemics.
Novel Apocynin regulates TRPV1 activity in the trigeminal system and controls pain in a temporomandibular joint neurogenic model
Authors: Machado Taisa Maria Mendes Matuiama , Aquino Iara Gonçalves , Franchin Marcelo , Zarraga Miguel O , Bustos Daniel , Spada Fernanda Papa , Napimoga Marcelo Henrique , Clemente-Napimoga Juliana Trindade , Alencar Severino Matias , Benso Bruna , Abdalla Henrique Ballassini
Published: March 2024

Objective
Herein, we investigate the potential analgesic effect of a newly synthesized chalcone-derived apocynin in a neurogenic pain model.
Methods
Molecular docking was used to foretell the apocynin binding features and dynamics with the TRPV1 channel, and the activity was tested in vitro, using transfected HEK 293T cells with the rat TRPV1 receptor. The analgesic effect of apocynin was investigated using a capsaicin-induced pain model. The expression of TRPV1, TRPA1, TRPM8, and MAPKs was assessed by electrophoresis, and immunosorbent assays were performed to quantify the neurotransmitters Substance P, Glutamate, and CGRP. A survival assay using Galleria mellonella was carried out to determine the toxicity.
Results
We observed that apocynin exhibits greater thermodynamic stability. Upon apocynin ligand binding, it changes the electrostatic potential for a predominantly electronegative state in the interior and neutral in its external vanilloid pocket. Treatment of apocynin induces antinociceptive effects against the noxious challenge of capsaicin. Histologically, apocynin decreased the number of TRPV1+ immunopositive cells. Electrophoresis showed reduced phosphorylation of p44/42 (ERK1/2) and decreased protein levels of substance P, and CGRP. In the survival assay, apocynin showed low toxicity.
Conclusions
In conclusion, we provide proof-of-principles that the newly synthesized apocynin compound effectively prevented nociception in a neurogenic model of orofacial pain.
Comprehensive Vulnerability Assessment of Power System Nodes with Wind Power Based on Dagum-Gini Coefficient Approach
Authors: Yan Mingzhu , Wu Jiahui , Jiang Huan , Kou Yang , Zhao Wei
Published: March 2024

The increasing scale of wind power access to the grid makes it important to identify weak links in the system to prevent major outages. In order to analyze the vulnerability of grid nodes, this paper proposes a dynamic comprehensive evaluation method considering system uniformity, and establishes a comprehensive assessment model of node vulnerability based on wind power grid-connectedness, based on which the vulnerability of wind power-containing power systems is studied. Firstly, the improved weighted power entropy index is selected for the phenomena of system current instability and line overloading, and the comprehensive index set of node vulnerability is constructed by considering the structural and state characteristics, and the subjective and objective weights are calculated by using the hierarchical analysis method and the CRITIC method. Subsequently, the Dagum-Gini coefficient method is utilized to reflect the homogeneity of the system, and a comprehensive evaluation method based on the VIKOR method is used to confirm the ordering of critical nodes that have the greatest impact on the system and have a high failure rate. Finally, the proposed method is applied to the study of node vulnerability of wind-containing power systems. The feasibility of the above methodology is verified by a modified IEEE-118 test system with test simulations.
Fabrication of Free Standing nano-SiO 2 Incorporated Solid Polymer Electrolytes based on Poly(Vinyl) Chloride
Authors: Jayanthi S. , Parangusan Hemalatha , Ponnamma Deepalekshmi
Published: March 2024

Free standing nanocomposite polymer electrolytes (NCPEs) based on the polymer host poly(vinyl) chloride (PVC) were successfully prepared using the solution casting technique. Lithium nitrate (LiNO3) and nano-sized silica (SiO2) (< 100 nm) were employed as the electrolyte and filler, respectively. Impedance studies revealed a maximum ionic conductivity value of 1.226 x 10− 4 S/cm at room temperature for the PVC/LiNO3 with 5 wt.% nano-SiO2. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis verified the sample's amorphous nature. Dielectric permittivity and relaxation time values were consistent with impedance results. Additionally, parameters such as diffusion coefficient, mobile concentration, and mobility were evaluated for the prepared samples. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) studies confirmed a change in glass transition temperature (Tg) of PVC/LiNO3/SiO2 sample. The scanning electron micrograph (SEM) images revealed a honey-comb morphology, indicating ease of Li+ ion transportation.
Parameter estimation of Gompertz model for tumorgrowth: which likelihood to choose?
Authors: Ramírez-Torres Erick E. , Castañeda Antonio R. Selva , Rández Luis , Sisson Scott A. , Cabrales Luis E. Bergues , Montijano Juan I.
Published: March 2024

The Gompertz model, a mainstay in tumor growth kinetics analysis, requires an accurate likelihood function for its parameterestimation, applicable in both classical and Bayesian methodologies. This study compares five distinct error models, eachrepresenting a different likelihood function. Our comparative analysis employs the Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC), theDeviance Information Criterion (DIC), the Bayes Factor (BF), and hypothesis tests on residuals. Applying these criteria to fitthe Gompertz model to Ehrlich and fibrosarcoma Sa-37 tumor data, we find that error models with tumor volume-dependentdispersion consistently outperform others in quantitative evaluations. However, the conventional Normal error model withconstant variance remains a vital tool, offering significant clinical insights. This study underscores the complexity of likelihoodmodel selection in tumor growth kinetics and highlights the need for a multifaceted approach in such analysis.
Random coil to alpha helix structural shift in the peptide from phospholipase domain of Parvovirus B19 capsid conjugated with the carrier is caused by acidification of the medium
Authors: Khrustalev Vladislav Victorovich , Khrustaleva Olga Victorovna , Stojarov Aleksander Nicolaevich , Akunevich Anastasia Aleksandrovna , Baranov Oleg Evgenyevich , Popinako Anna Vladimirovna , Samoylovich Elena Olegovna , Yermolovich Marina Anatolyevna , Semeiko Galina Valeryevna , Cheprasova Victoria Igorevna , Sapon Egor Gennadyevich , Shalygo Nikolai Vladimirovich , Poboinev Victor Vitoldovich , Khrustaleva Tatyana Aleksandrovna , Ranishenka Bahdan Vyacheslavovich , Kharytonova Ulyana Vitalyevna
Published: March 2024

Spectroscopic studies on isolated domains of large proteins and peptides derived from them are complicated because of their tendency to dissolve in aquatic buffers in form of oligomers. Here we demonstrate that conjugation of such peptides with a carrier protein is helpful for studies on the influence of different factors on their secondary structure. Namely, we approved that SK30 peptide from phospholipase A2 domain of Parvovirus B19 capsid conjugated to BSA through N-terminal Cys residue and SMCC linker undergoes random coil to alpha helix transition in the acidic medium mimicking the environment of endolysosome because of His residue protonation. In contrast, unconjugated peptide does not undergo such shift because it forms stable octamers connected by intermolecular beta sheet, as well as the whole isolated phospholipase domain. Obtained results provide evidence on the mechanism of phospholipase domain folding during the acidification of the medium by the way of the formation of contacts between protonated His153 and Asp175, and opens up a perspective of vaccine development, since rabbit polyclonal antibodies against our conjugate, in which the structure of the second alpha helix from the phospholipase A2 domain has been reproduced, can bind epitopes of the complete unique part of VP1 Parvovirus B19 capsid.
Alteration and Predictive Ability of Cervical Length for Preterm Delivery in Each Gestational Trimester
Authors: Zhang Qidi , Han Xinyue , Yang Huixia , Zhu Yuchun , Wei Yumei
Published: March 2024

Background
To investigate the variations in cervical length (CL) across the first, second and third trimesters and the association with preterm delivery (PTD).
Methods
In total, 16,352 women (32,543 measurements) who delivered singleton live births between January 1, 2020, and October 31, 2023, at Peking University First Hospitals were included in the present study. The associations between CL at three gestational weeks (9–13+ 6, 19–23+ 6 and 29–33+ 6 weeks) and PTD were evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and logistic regression analysis. The chi-square test was used for comparisons of the incidence of PTD at or below each percentile for CL with patients with CL above the 75th percentile.
Results
With increasing gestational age, there was a downward trend in CL at each percentile, with particularly obvious decreases in the 10th (31.5 mm and 27.1 mm), 5th (30.0 mm and 23.4 mm) and 1st (25.2 mm and 15.5 mm) percentiles after the 19th week of gestation. As gestational age increased, the predictive value of CL for PTD ≤ 34+ 6 gestational weeks and PTD < 37 gestational weeks increased. After the 19th week of gestation, CL and PTD risk were negatively correlated when CL was less than or equal to the 75th percentile (all P < 0.01). The incidence of PTD < 37 gestational weeks was significantly higher among women with CL ≤ 22.3 mm at 29–33+ 6 gestational weeks than among women with CL ≤ 25 mm.
Conclusions
CL progressively decreases with increasing gestational age and has emerged as a more potent predictor of PTD after the 19th week of gestation. The defining threshold of a short cervix should probably be less than 25 mm at 29–33+ 6 gestational weeks.
Controlled Fluid Flow Without Controlling Pump Using Arduino
Authors: Ali Shamsher , Gillani Syed Muhammad Daniyal , Khan Sudais Ahmad , Zain Syed Muhammad
Published: March 2024

This paper presents the development of a cost-effective fluid flow control system using an Arduino microcontroller. The system maintains a desired fluid level within a tank while continuously monitoring the fluid temperature. The hardware and software components of the control system are detailed, along with its potential applications across various industries. The integration of automation in fluid flow control is crucial for Industry 4.0, enhancing efficiency and precision in various sectors like manufacturing, healthcare, and agriculture. This paper explores the importance of fluid flow control in these industries, highlighting its role in precision dosing, process optimization, temperature regulation, and safety.
Predictive value of end-tidal carbon monoxide concentration (ETCOc) within 48 hours after birth in neonatal hyperbilirubinemia caused by hemolysis.
Authors: Yang Chuanzhong , Cheng Xiaoqin , Lin Bingchun , Yang Yong , Yu Yanliang , Fu Yongping
Published: March 2024

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the predictive value of end-tidal carbon monoxide concentration (ETCOc) within 48 hours after birth in neonatal hyperbilirubinemia caused by hemolysis.
METHODS: A prospective study was conducted on hemolytic high-risk newborns. ETCOc within 24 hours (D1-ETCO) and between 24 to 48 hours after birth (D2-ETCO) were measured. They were divided into a normal group, a nonhemolytic hyperbilirubinemia (NHH) group, and a hemolytic group based on whether they had hyperbilirubinemia or hemolysis.
RESULTS: The hemolytic group had the highest ETCOc values, followed by the NHH group, and the normal group. The AUC of D1-ETCO and D2-ETCO were 0.958 and 0.862. The sensitivity and specificity were 83.3%, 94.7%, 72.0%, and 96.0%, respectively. There was a linear correlation between D1-ETCO and total bilirubin /age at admission ratio and reticulocytes (r = 0.896 and 0.878, respectively).
CONCLUSIONS: ETCOc within 48 hours can predict hyperbilirubinemia caused by hemolysis well.
Development and evaluation of nomograms for predicting the optimal FSH starting dose in the depot GnRH agonist protocol for the early follicular phase
Authors: Fan Wenqian , Ye Tian , Du Linqing , Tian Lifeng , Kong Huijuan
Published: March 2024

Background Each controlled ovarian hyperstimulation(COH) protocol has its own unique mechanism and hormone pattern. The depot GnRHa protocol has a deeper down-regulation effect and favourable clinical pregnancy rates, the predictive model of the optimal follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) starting dose in the early follicular phase depot GnRH agonist (EFDGa) protocol has not been reported. Our study was made to explore predictive indicators for determining the optimal FSH starting dose in patients undergoing ovarian stimulation with the EFDGa protocol in assisted reproductive technology (ART), and to develop and validate a nomogram prediction model for the starting dose of FSH.
Methods This retrospective study included 2733 cycles who underwent fresh cycle transplantation at two large teaching hospitals in China from January to December 2022: center 1 (Reproductive Medicine Center of first affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University) provided the data for modelling (n = 938) and internal testing (n = 400), and center 2 (Reproductive Medicine Center of Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital) provided the data for external testing (n = 1109). Patient demographics, including age, anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) levels, baseline endocrine profile, and body mass index (BMI), along with information on ovulation stimulation, were collected. Univariate and multivariate linear regression models were used to identify factors influencing the FSH starting dose. A nomogram for the ideal FSH starting dose was developed based on these factors and validated internally and externally. Bland and Altman plots and paired t-tests were conducted to verify the concordance and RMSE between groups.
Results Univariate analysis revealed that patient age, BMI, baseline FSH, AMH, and antral follicle count (AFC) were indicators of FSH starting dose. The regression model for predicting FSH starting dose was determined as: Initial dose of FSH = 45.984 + 1.728 * AGE (years) + 5.131 * BMI (kg/m²) + 2.455 * bFSH (IU/ml) - 6.697 * AMH (ng/ml) – 3.339 * AFC. Bland and Altman analysis showed good agreement in the internal validation (bias: 0.629, SD of bias: 36.83, 95%LoA: -71.55 - 72.81 IU). Furthermore, validating the model on external cohort confirmed that nomogram prediction model is an accurate predictor of FSH starting dose ((bias: -1.428, SD of bias: 43.21, 95%LoA: -85.11 - 82.15 IU).
Conclusions We established a model for effectively predicting the ideal FSH starting dose, with the nomogram model providing an intuitive representation of the data. The predictive model demonstrates practical utility, effectively initiating a proper ovarian response and preventing adverse ovarian reactions or the occurrence of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. As more IVF cycles are being generated in the future, this model will be valuable in clinicians using basic parameters to assess proper initial dose of FSH.
Feasibility Study of Utilizing Saccharomyces boulardii as an Adjunct Culture in Mozzarella Cheese Making and Quality Characterization of Cheese
Authors: Bihola Ankit , Jana Atanu H. , Parmar Satish C. , Adil Shaikh
Published: March 2024

Research pertained to investigate influence of utilizing Saccharomyces boulardii as an adjunct culture at two levels on the quality aspects of Mozzarella cheese. Two protocols were employed: Protocol I using unhomogenized milk, adopting cheddaring of curd before plasticizing (i.e. CCUM) and Protocol II using blend of homogenized and unhomogenized milks (1:1; i.e. CBHM) to evaluate which method lends led to more S. boulardii count. Control cheese (CUM) was prepared from unhomogenized milk involving stretching of curd, post whey draining. Cheese CBHM4.2 showed the highest yield. The textural properties of cheeses CCUM3.5 and CCUM4.2 as well as CBHM3.5 and CBHM4.2 were at par. CUM and CCUM cheeses had excellent baking properties (viz., shred, melt, fat leakage, stretch), while CBHM demonstrated desirable baking properties. Cheese made using lower level of starter adjunct received higher sensory scores on pizza pie. Using adjunct culture at higher usage level led to cheese having increased S. boulardii and Lactic Acid Bacteria count. It is recommended to adopt Protocol II in order to have S. boulardii count of ~107/g product since such method enabled use of milder plasticizing condition.