bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Production of Bioethanol from Kepok Banana Peels (Musa acuminata x Musa balbisiana) using Different Types of Yeast
Authors: Shitophyta Lukhi Mulia , Zhirmayanti Rizka Septiana , Khoirunnisa Hasna Aeska , Amelia Shinta , Rauf Fatima
Published: July 2023

Banana peels belong to lignocellulosic substrates, which can be used as raw material for bioethanol. Yeast plays an essential role in bioethanol fermentation. The study aims to compare ethanol yield using two different yeasts: Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Rhizopus oryzae, with yeast concentrations of 2, 3, and 5 g/L. The fermentation is run at room temperature for 120 hours. Results show that R. oryzae generates higher ethanol compared to the yeast of S. cerevisiae. Yeast of 2 g/L obtains the highest yield of ethanol. Yeast concentrations do not affect bioethanol production (p > 0.05).
Design of Batak Toba Script Recognition System Using Convolutional Neural Network Algorithm
Authors: Willian Steven , Rochadiani Theresia Herlina , Sofian Thamrin
Published: July 2023

Indonesia is one of the countries with diversity and abundant cultural wealth, one of which is the Batak Toba script as one of the wealth originating from the Batak tribe. However, the existence of the Batak Toba script is decreasing along with the rapid development of the times, due to the lack of interest of the younger generation and public awareness in preserving the Batak Toba script. From these problems, the author conducted research to create a model of introducing the Batak Toba script, as an effort to preserve the Batak Toba script which is one of Indonesia's cultural wealth. The purpose of this research is to create a Batak Toba script recognition model using a digital handwriting dataset, and has an output in the form of visual text and with audio pronunciation of each script. The method used in this research is the Convolutional Neural Network algorithm combined with RMSprop optimizer. Convolutional Neural Network is an algorithm that is one of the deep learning methods that has good performance on image data. The results of this study incised a recognition model with a relatively high level of accuracy, which is equal to 99,54% which was tested on the Batak Toba script dataset in the form of digital handwriting. Through this research, the model using the Convolutional Neural Network algorithm used in this research is able to produce good results for recognizing the Batak Toba script in the form of handwriting.
Finite Element Model of Rock Obstruction on Overtopping at the Coastline
Authors: Marpaung Rony Genevent , Tulus Tulus , Mardiningsih Mardiningsih
Published: July 2023

Wave overtopping is a common phenomenon that occurs during extreme sea conditions, where water waves travel over the surface of an open structure towards the sea and pass over its crest. To prevent flooding and coastal erosion, rock structures are often constructed as wave barriers along the shore. These barriers serve as a solution to mitigate wave overtopping. One of the key factors influencing overtopping is the arrival of continuous and sufficiently high-water waves that can pass through the top of coastal defense structures. Several phase settlement methods have been developed and applied to analyze wave overtopping using the Navier-Stokes (NS) equation. By employing the finite element method, numerical solutions and simulations are sought by inputting specific parameter values. This process aims to validate the accuracy of the resulting mathematical model. To accomplish this, a program is developed based on the discretization of the model, enabling a system analysis approach. The obtained results exhibit minimal error values, thereby demonstrating optimal outcomes in terms of rock placement. The entire fluid mechanics system analysis is simulated using the COMSOL Multiphysics 5.6 program, which provides a comprehensive platform for studying and evaluating the performance of the wave barrier system
Supraglottoplasty in Congenital Laryngomalacia Patient Without Tracheostomy
Authors: Kim Dong-Jo , Lee Minhyung , Lee Jin-Choon , Sung Eui-Suk
Published: July 2023

Laryngomalacia is the most common congenital anomaly of the larynx in neonates. This supraglottic obstruction leads to increased work of breathing and stridor. The most common associated symptoms are swallowing dysfunction, regurgitation, cough, and sleep-disordered breathing. Spontaneous improvement usually occurs over a period of 12 months to 2 years although the majority of cases of laryngomalacia bnegins its course without any long-term sequel. Despite its benign characteristics, 10% of cases require intervention. Nowadays, the treatment consists of either wait-and-see or surgery. For severe laryngomalacia, supraglottoplasty has become the mainstay of surgical management. In this study, we report 3 cases of laryngomalacia in neonates, where patients underwent supraglottoplasty using the carbon dioxide laser without tracheostomy under conventional ventilation.
The Efficacy of Fibrin Sealant to Reduce Complications After Rhinoplasty: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Kang Jeong Wook , Bang Je Ho , Son Seung Yup , Lee Kun Hee
Published: July 2023

Background and Objectives Fibrin sealant (FS) is widely used to reduce postoperative bleeding. This analysis aimed to assess the efficacy of FS to reduce complications after rhinoplasty.Materials and Method We searched PubMed, Scopus, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and the Web of Science database for articles on FS and rhinoplasty from the inception of publication to December 29, 2021. Post-rhinoplasty complications, such as edema and ecchymosis, were recorded. The final meta-analysis was performed using three studies.Results Two subgroups were created based on the FS usage after rhinoplasty. The FS effect on edema reduction was favorable on the postoperative day-1 (standardized mean difference [SMD]=-1.07 [-1.70; -0.45]). In addition, the FS effect on ecchymosis reduction was favorable on the postoperative day-1 postoperative (SMD=-1.33 [-2.15; -0.50]).Conclusion Our study shows that FS reduces the early complications of rhinoplasty.
STOP-Bang and Smartwatch’s Two-Step Approach for Obstructive Sleep Apnea Screening
Authors: Kim Min Woo , Choi Myoung Su
Published: July 2023

Background and Objectives Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with various health risks, including hypertension, cerebrovascular disease, myocardial infarction, diabetes, cognitive impairment, and all-cause mortality. While overnight polysomnography (PSG) is the gold standard for diagnosing OSA, it is costly and time-consuming. The STOP-Bang questionnaire is a convenient tool for OSA screening, but its high sensitivity comes at the expense of low specificity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the usefulness of combining the STOP-Bang questionnaire and a smartwatch capable of measuring oxygen saturation in screening for OSA.Subjects and Method Of the patients scheduled for PSG due to OSA, 109 patients voluntarily participated in the study by filling out a STOP-Bang questionnaire during their first visit and wearing a smartwatch during PSG.Results There were 80 males and 29 females, with the patients’ mean age of 45±13.3 years. Based on the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), 19 patients (17.4%) were normal, 28 (25.7%) had mild OSA, 23 (21.1%) had moderate OSA, and 39 (35.8%) had severe OSA. When using the AHI threshold of AHI ≥15/h, the STOP-Bang alone showed sensitivity of 85.5% and specificity of 61.7%. Combining the STOP-Bang questionnaire with a smartwatch resulted in a slight decrease in sensitivity and a significant increase in specificity, yielding the values of 80.5% and 84.4%, respectively.Conclusion A two-step approach using the STOP-Bang and a smartwatch was implemented to enhance the diagnostic accuracy of screening OSA.
Fixação interna rígida após exérese de cisto odontogênico em mandíbula
Authors: Custódio Gustavo Paiva , Costa Cesar Feitoza Bassi , Carvalho Hugo Figueiredo , D’Dalarponio Pedro de Alcantara Torquette , Pavoski Luana , Karnikowski Damiana , Conceição Rafaela de Oliveira , Libarino Alex de Sousa , Clemente Mylena Souza , Almeida Marcelo de Carvalho , Dias Gabriel Vieira
Published: July 2023

O cisto Dentígero é uma alteração originada pela separação do folículo pericoronário de quaisquer elementos dentários não erupcionados, sendo o tipo mais comum dos cistos odontogênicos de desenvolvimento. Estes cistos podem adquirir um volume considerável resultando em assimetria facial, podendo ser sépticos ou não. Radiograficamente os cistos dentígeros são de aspecto radiolúcido unilocular com margens bem definidas associado a coroa do elemento incluso, podendo dar a impressão de aspectos multiloculares em cistos grandes. O cisto dentígero possui 3 variações radiográficas: Central (mais comum) Lateral e Circunferencial. Seu tratamento varia desde a enucleação até a marsupialização, com prognóstico excelente para a grande maioria esmagadora dos cistos e com recidiva rara, entretanto pode sofrer uma transformação neoplásica para um ameloblastoma. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar um relato de caso de enucleação de um cisto dentígero em mandíbula, de grande extensão, em região posterior do lado esquerdo, associado ao dente 38, com necessidade de fixação interna rígida após a remoção da lesão, em um paciente do sexo masculino com 59 anos e leucoderma, mostrando suas propriedades clínicas, imaginológicas e histopatológicas e sua forma de tratamento. Conclui-se que a excisão cirúrgica do cisto dentígero é a principal escolha de tratamento e, associada à fixação interna rígida, quando indicada, resulta em um melhor prognóstico ao paciente.
Uso de cannabis: perfil socioeconômico, benefícios terapêuticos e perspectivas sobre a legalização
Authors: Borges Pedro Gabriel de Lima Carneiro , Freire Ricardo Silva , Blanch Graziela Torres
Published: July 2023

O objetivo do trabalho foi realizar um levantamento socioeconômico demográfico de usuários de cannabis, abordando a forma de uso, a percepção do usuário sobre sua saúde e seu posicionamento quanto a legalização da planta para fins medicinais. O estudo é do tipo observacional transversal, a partir dos quais foram realizadas análises quantitativas para traçar um panorama do objetivo do estudo. A pesquisa consiste em um levantamento envolvendo as principais finalidades do uso da maconha. Esse levantamento foi realizado por meio de um formulário utilizando a ferramenta Google Forms®. Este estudo observou uma população de 237 pessoas, predominantemente jovem, com maioria de respondentes de cor branca e parda, de classe econômica alta, com escolaridade superior e autopercepção positiva sobre a saúde. Nosso estudo mostrou que uma parcela significativa dos entrevistados já experimentou maconha em algum momento da vida, cerca de 83,8%, e 61% relataram melhorias nas comorbidades com o uso da cannabis. Desse, a forma de uso mais frequente foi fumada para fins recreativos. A maioria dos participantes conhecia pessoas que utilizavam a maconha para fins medicinais, cerca de 72,5%. Além disso, 91% dos participantes que afirmaram que a cannabis tem benefícios na área médica possuíam ensino superior completo ou incompleto. Ficou evidente a necessidade de planejar políticas que facilitem o acesso a medicamentos à base de cannabis sem onerar excessivamente o produto, além de esclarecer à população os potenciais benefícios da cannabis como uma opção terapêutica para inúmeras comorbidades.
Acute spontaneous subdural hematoma: A literature review
Authors: Oliveira Lucas Mafra Alves de , Ricci Rivoli João Vitor , Grande Rogério Mendes
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Cases of acute subdural hematomas are considered medical emergencies that should be treated with maximum urgency and efficacy. One class of this type of brain bleeding is spontaneous, classified mainly by the absence of trauma history and with distinct etiologies. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical, epidemiological and pathophysiological aspects of spontaneous acute subdural hematoma, basing the construction of knowledge on case reports. Materials and Methods: This is an integrative literature review about the general clinical features of spontaneous acute subdural hematoma. The PICO strategy was used to develop the guiding question. Furthermore, the descriptors "Acute Subdural Hematoma"; "Spontaneous Subdural Hematoma"; "Cerebral Hemorrhage" were cross-referenced with the National Library of Medicine (PubMed MEDLINE), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO), Ebscohost, Google Scholar and Virtual Health Library (VHL) databases. Results and Discussion: A significant portion of the articles showed that the spontaneous acute subdural hematoma is caused by etiologies different from the traumatic cause, showing a difference in the precipitating factor, but keeping the typical clinical picture of subdural bleeding. Conclusion: It was possible to realize that spontaneous acute subdural hematoma is a modality of subdural bleeding, but it is precipitated by non-traumatic causes, such as arteriovenous malformations and rupture of aneurysms by hypertensive peaks. The prognosis is reserved, given its dependence on the site of involvement, as well as on the management adopted for the patient.
Cannabis sativa sp. como adjuvante no manejo de dores orofaciais: Revisão narrativa
Authors: Campos Estéfane Sobral , Silveira Lucas Fonseca Carvalho , Souza Caian Dourado , Rodrigues Marcela Santos , Santos Valéria Pinto dos , Santana Lucas Alves da Mota , Vasconcellos Sara Juliana de Abreu de
Published: July 2023

A planta Cannabis sativa sp. é conhecida pelos seus potenciais terapêuticos há pelo menos 5.000 anos, como relata a primeira farmacopeia da humanidade, a Pen-ts’ao ching. Porém, em meados da década de 1960, a expansão neocolonial dos Estados Unidos da América (EUA) se utilizou da sua proibição para poder segregar povos originários (indígenas e quilombolas) que a tinham como parte da sua medicina e cultura. Em paralelo à proibição, a medicina baseada em evidência se encarregou de trazer à tona resultados que corroboravam com a eficácia do uso da planta em diversos tipos de patologias. Muitas destas, cujos tratamentos convencionais mostravam-se escassos, além de bastante associados a efeitos colaterais e resistência terapêutica. Isso fez com que a Cannabis fosse cada vez mais estudada e utilizada, inclusive em pacientes odontológicos, na tentativa de tratar a sintomatologia da dor orofacial. Tal patologia está diretamente ligada à odontologia, englobando condições dolorosas em região extra e intraoral. Diante disso, o objetivo deste trabalho é pesquisar artigos científicos obtidos nos bancos de dados eletrônicos, sem limite temporal, que tratavam da utilização de formulações contendo extrato de Cannabis na odontologia. Traz-se então evidências que justifiquem a possibilidade do seu uso por profissionais dentistas, como um possível caminho para tratamentos das dores orofaciais não responsivas aos tratamentos convencionais já existentes.
Atuação da enfermagem diante das infecções associadas a instalação de cateter venoso central em unidade de terapia intensiva
Authors: Félix José Lucas dos Santos , Nascimento Andresa Sobral Silva do
Published: July 2023

Objetivos: O objetivo geral deste projeto de pesquisa é analisar evidências científicas na literatura no que tange à atuação dos profissionais de enfermagem frente a prevenção de infecções associada a instalação de cateter venoso central. Tendo como objetivos específicos, i) Esclarecer protocolos pré existentes sobre inserção de cateter venoso central; ii) levantamento de definições do que são infecção da corrente sanguínea iii) analisar qualificação da equipe de enfermagem na assistência ao CVC Método: revisão Integrativa de literatura, na Base de Dados de Enfermagem (BDENF), Literatura Latino Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS) e Medical Literature Review and Online Recovery System (MEDLINE), analisou as publicações pelo ano, idioma, tipo de produção, resumo e título. A amostra final foi de 10 artigos selecionados. Resultados: o estudo apontou que os principais cuidados para prevenção são a higienização das mãos, usando a barreira máxima para a inserção do cateter.
O ultrassom e a sua funcionalidade para a endodontia - Revisão de literatura
Authors: Lopes Maria Luiza Cabral de Souza , Tiné Maria Eduarda Gomes , Albuquerque Maria Manuela da Costa , Lima Aline Kamilla Macedo Ferreira de , Silva Maria Eduarda Accioly da , Jorge Bianca Valle Leite Vasconcelos , Silva Luciano Barreto
Published: July 2023

O presente artigo relata as diversas formas de uso do ultrassom na Endodontia e como ele é aplicado em cada área, com o intuito de tornar os tratamentos cada vez mais qualificados, rápidos e fáceis. O objetivo do estudo é entender de que forma o ultrassom pode ser aplicado na Endodontia e verificar sua eficácia em cada tratamento através da revisão de literatura. Após a análise foi visto que mesmo o ultrassom trazendo desvantagens, as vantagens ainda se sobressaem, e ele é um dos meios que traz mais avanços na área da Endodontia em diversos tratamentos como na localização de condutos radiculares, remoção de retentores intra-radiculares, instrumentos fraturados, na irrigação dos canais, remoção de calcificações no canal radicular, entre outros descritos no estudo. Este artigo conclui que o ultrassom e suas pontas têm se tornado um instrumento facilitador para a rotina endodôntica, tanto para o Cirurgião Dentista quanto para o paciente.
Atuação do enfermeiro na assistência pré-natal ofertada na Atenção Primária à Saúde
Authors: Amthauer Camila
Published: July 2023

Objetivou-se compreender a atuação do enfermeiro na assistência pré-natal ofertada na Atenção Primária à Saúde. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, descritiva-exploratória, desenvolvida com onze enfermeiros atuantes nas Estratégias Saúde da Família de um município do extremo oeste de Santa Catarina. A coleta dos dados transcorreu por entrevista semiestruturada, gravadas e, posteriormente, transcritas na íntegra. Para análise dos dados, utilizou-se a Análise de Conteúdo, proposta por Minayo. Após a análise, emergiram duas categorias temáticas: percepções e ações de enfermeiros na assistência pré-natal; e, dificuldades encontradas pelos enfermeiros na realização do pré-natal na Atenção Primária à Saúde. Percebe-se que muitos dos enfermeiros entrevistados não realizam a Consulta de Enfermagem, embora reconheçam a sua importância na assistência pré-natal. Contudo, fica evidente a realização do acolhimento, do diálogo, das orientações e da construção de vínculo com as gestantes, atividades estas que só são possíveis através da consulta. Visto isso, se coloca a importância destes profissionais instituir a Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem, por meio da operacionalização do Processo de Enfermagem, para que a Consulta de Enfermagem seja sistematizada, resolutiva e, de fato, reconhecida pelos enfermeiros, pela equipe de saúde e pelas gestantes.
Periodização e prescrição de treino na osteogênese imperfeita: revisão sistemática
Authors: Guimarães João Carlos Silva , Costa Alisson  Vieira , Dias Marcela Fabiani Silva
Published: July 2023

A osteogênese imperfeita (OI) é uma doença atávica congênita e crônica que afeta os ossos por intermédio de sua fragilidade, vinculando-se ao processo de deterioração do tecido conjuntivo ósseo. O objetivo do estudo foi sistematizar a produção do conhecimento a respeito da periodização e prescrição para pacientes com OI, trazendo indicações de exercícios. As bases de dados Portal Regional BVS, SciELO, PubMed, Cochrane e Research Gate foram usadas para a busca. Com os critérios de elegibilidade aplicados 2 estudos foram selecionados, sendo um estudo clínico randomizado e uma revisão sistemática.  Os trabalhos de reduções de estresse articular, ganho de força muscular, desenvolvimento da estimulação sensório-motora, alinhamento biomecânico e a natação são as recomendações mais preconizadas no que concerne o eixo de periodização e prescrição na OI. Exercícios de força, progressões de carga leve, aeróbicos em bicicleta seja estacionária ou não também são recomendadas para este público-alvo. Os estudos da literatura científica ainda são superficiais quando ao treinamento físico, a atividade física e ao exercício físico em pacientes com OI, necessitando-se de aprofundamento teórico-científico. A periodização e prescrição pauta-se em sua grande maioria em exercícios de baixo impacto, buscando melhoria do bem-estar do paciente, entretanto, exercícios de força também são opções na periodização buscando melhoria da densidade mineral óssea. Existe uma lacuna acerca das diretrizes de periodização e prescrição para pacientes com OI, em que a grande maioria dos exercícios são associados a uma prática fisioterapêutica, necessitando-se de mais estudos de atualização e intervenção.
Educação Interprofissional e Prática Colaborativa em Residências Multiprofissionais em Saúde no contexto hospitalar
Authors: Maffissoni André Lucas , Sanes Marina da Silva , Martini Jussara Gue
Published: July 2023

Objetivo: compreender como as práticas na Residência Multiprofissional em Saúde no contexto hospitalar favorecem a Educação Interprofissional e a Prática Colaborativa e de que forma contribuem para a ampliação de ações interprofissionais. Método: análise documental, realizada por meio de teses e dissertações, com busca de dados no mês de fevereiro de 2022. Os dados foram analisados mediante análise de conteúdo, com auxílio do Software ATLAS.ti 9. Resultados: Foram incluídos 15 documentos para análise de conteúdo. A análise resultou em 40 unidades de sentido, oito unidades de contexto e duas categorias finais de discussão. Considerações Finais: a Residência Multiprofissional em Saúde é importante para fomentar as práticas interprofissionais. A perspectiva de equipe multiprofissional aumenta as possibilidades de desenvolvimento da Educação Interprofissional e da Prática Colaborativa, mas existem desafios para que haja, de fato, a colaboração entre os profissionais.
Gestão de estoques: proposição de melhorias em uma loja de moto peças
Authors: Lopes Harlenn dos Santos , Pereira Jeferson Lopes
Published: July 2023

Este trabalho propõe melhorias estruturadas de gestão de estoques para uma empresa que atua no varejo de moto peças, dessa forma utilizou-se o diagrama de Ishikawa para identificar as causas raízes de falhas na gestão dos estoques detalhando-as em 6M’s para que após fosse possível propor soluções integrando classificação ABC, modelo de reposição por ponto de pedido e reposição periódica. Após a identificação das causas iniciou-se os planos de ação onde foram aplicados a classificação ABC para identificar os materiais mais importantes em termos de valor e demanda. A partir da classificação dos itens, o modelo de reposição por ponto de pedido foi aplicado para determinar a quantidade ideal de reposição e o modelo de reposição Periódica para verificar o nível de estoque no instante de revisão e ordenar um lote com quantidade suficiente para repor o estoque ao nível máximo projetado, para demonstrar a aplicação dos modelos de reposição utilizou-se dados de um item classe A que corresponde ao óleo lubrificante. Os resultados do estudo mostraram que a integração da classificação ABC e dos modelos de reposição por ponto de pedido e periódica mostra-se eficaz na gestão de estoques. O estudo conclui que a gestão de estoques utilizando as ferramentas de classificação ABC, modelo de reposição por ponto de pedido e modelo de reposição periódica podem ser aplicadas em diferentes setores e indústrias para resolver problemas nos estoques. Estudos como esse podem ajudar as empresas a gerenciar melhor seus estoques, reduzir custos e melhorar a satisfação dos clientes.
Síntese e estudo de estabilidade preliminar de géis de natrosol contendo extrato de Hamamelis virginiana
Authors: Pinheiro Emili Braga , Maia Nicole Kananda Almeida , Costa Carina Pinheiro da , Freitas Ana Carolina Gomes de Albuquerque de , Silva Júnior José Otávio Carréra , Alves Taís Vanessa Gabbay
Published: July 2023

O extrato de hamamélis é um excelente antiinflamatório por apresentar ação vasodilatadora, utilizado pela indústria farmacêutica na forma de gel antivaricoso. O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar a estabilidade térmica de cinco formulações de géis de Natrosol® contendo extrato de hamamélis. Durante o ensaio de estabilidade preliminar, os géis foram submetidos a 6 ciclos de estresse térmico, utilizando as temperaturas de 45±2°C e 5±2°C, respectivamente, durante 24 cada uma, o equivalente a 1 ciclo. Ao final de cada ciclo gelo-degelo, analisou-se em cada formulação através de caracterização organoléptica (cor, odor e aspecto), pH e densidade, e aplicou-se análise estatísticas dos dados obtidos. A formulação 2, apresentou em determinados momentos, turbidez em sua coloração, indicando inviabilidade da amostra, diferindo no entanto, do restante das formulações, que apresentaram caráter positivo, preservando sua estabilidade ao longo das análises, desempenhando conformidade com os guias de estabilidade. Desse modo, F1, F3, F4 e F5, demonstram viabilidade em seguir para as próximas etapas de estabilidade de longa duração.
Divulgação científica universitária - vol. IV
Authors: PESSOA MARCELO
Published: July 2023

This volume brings together texts produced by undergraduate students at the State University of Minas Gerais – Frutal Unit. In the contents published here, we find different degrees of maturation of academic writing, since these Authors, placed alongside professional scientists, are young people initiated in scientific activities, still attending the 1st or 2nd period of their courses. Therefore, the great merit of this work does not reside exactly in the 'truth' of what they write, but in the boldness of proposing to do so. The great challenge given to them was won. May this moment serve as a shield, as a first university and professional step. Anyway, let them know that every great journey always begins with a first and lonely step.
Evolution of Human Intelligence; Psychological Science for a Better World
Authors: Senarath Dayathilake Kande Lekamalaya
Published: July 2023

Humankind faces many problems, such as terrorism, crime, divorce, drug abuse, war, theft, etc. I performed this multidisciplinary study to determine whether there are primary and common psychological reasons and solutions for significant issues. I have discovered more than 3000 mind viruses that make grand delusions that significantly regress human intelligence and decisions in social and individual well-being. How can those mind viruses be destroyed by ('3000') healthy mind viruses? Here I suggest the fundamental nature of intelligence and why/how it resulted from biological evolution and (if) the afterlife(occurs) how does universally evolve the consciousness. The psychological(scientific) course on the 'eight-fold path' might be a better/best way to learn and train to scan mind viruses to prevent/ cure issues. Furthermore, discuss better nurture, clock time vs. psychological time, true happiness, and more than forty new ideas. A 3D graph showing individual and social intelligence evolution mechanisms make a happier world.
Blood myeloid cells differentiate to lung resident cells and respond to pathogen stimuli in a 3D human tissue-engineered lung model
Authors: Roe Mandi M. , Do Taylor , Turner Sean , Jevitt Allison M. , Chlebicz Magdalena , White Karley , Oomens Antonius G. P. , Rankin Susannah , Kovats Susan , Gappa-Fahlenkamp Heather
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Respiratory infections remain a leading global health concern. Models that recapitulate the cellular complexity of the lower airway of humans will provide important information about how the immune response reflects the interactions between diverse cell types during infection. We developed a 3D human tissue-engineered lung model (3D-HTLM) composed of primary human pulmonary epithelial and endothelial cells with added blood myeloid cells that allows assessment of the innate immune response to respiratory infection.

Methods: The 3D-HTLM consists of small airway epithelial cells grown at air-liquid interface layered on fibroblasts within a collagen matrix atop a permeable membrane with pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells layered underneath. After the epithelial and endothelial layers had reached confluency, an enriched blood monocyte population, containing mostly CD14+ monocytes (Mo) with minor subsets of CD1c+ classical dendritic cells (cDC2s), monocyte-derived dendritic cells (Mo-DCs), and CD16+ non-classical monocytes, was added to the endothelial side of the model.

Results: Immunofluorescence imaging showed the myeloid cells migrate through and reside within each layer of the model. The myeloid cell subsets adapted to the lung environment in the 3D-HTLM, with increased proportions of the recovered cells expressing lung tissue resident markers CD206, CD169, and CD163 compared with blood myeloid cells, including a population with features of alveolar macrophages. Myeloid subsets recovered from the 3D-HTLM displayed increased expression of HLA-DR and the co-stimulatory markers CD86, CD40, and PDL1. Upon stimulation of the 3D-HTLM with the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) agonist bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the CD31+ endothelial cells increased expression of ICAM-1 and the production of IL-10 and TNFα was dependent on the presence of myeloid cells. Challenge with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) led to increased expression of macrophage activation and antiviral pathway genes by cells in the 3D-HTLM.

Discussion: The 3D-HTLM provides a lower airway environment that promotes differentiation of blood myeloid cells into lung tissue resident cells and enables the study of respiratory infection in a physiological cellular context.
Biosafety evaluation of BaSi2O2N2:Eu2+/PDMS composite elastomers
Authors: Zhang Zheyuan , Zong Mingrui , Liu Jinrong , Ren Jianing , Liu Xiaoming , Zhang Ran , Cui Jiayu , Sun Lingxiang , Song Hao , Zhang Yanjie , Li Bing , Wu Xiuping
Published: July 2023

In recent years, mechanoluminescent (ML) materials have shown great potential in stress sensing, mechanical energy collection and conversion, so they have attracted wide attention in the field of stomatology. In the early stage of this study, BaSi2O2N2:Eu2+ ML phosphors were synthesized by two-step high temperature solid state method, and then mixed with Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) in different proportions to obtain BaSi2O2N2:Eu2+/PDMS ML composites with different mass fractions (10%,20%,30%,40%,50%). Then its biosafety was evaluated by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), Calcein-AM/PI fluorescence staining, hemolysis, oral mucosal irritation, acute and subacute systemic toxicity tests. The experimental results show that the biosafety of BaSi2O2N2:Eu2+/PDMS ML composite elastomers with different mass fraction is in line with the existing standards, and other related properties can be further studied.
Evaluating solar and wind electricity production in the Kingdom of Bahrain to combat climate change
Authors: Alnaser N. W. , Alnaser W. E. , Al-Kaabi E. A. D.
Published: July 2023

Recently, the Kingdom of Bahrain doubled its renewable energy (RE) target to achieve 20% of energy mix by 2035 instead of 10%. Two RE sources are candidates among others, i.e., solar and wind energy. Both of these sources require, relatively, large spaces, and both are subject to fluctuation throughout the day, month, and year. Therefore, a thorough experimental evaluation of these two sources is necessary as theoretical assessment has been extensively made. Therefore, we are analyzing the result of two prototypes, solar and wind RE systems installed by the government. The first system includes installing two wind turbines (WT1 and WT2), each rated at 850 kW, and the second system is a 1 MW solar PV system. The annual result for 2022 is recorded for the wind turbine along with the results of 2 years (2017 and 2018) for the solar PV. The annual average produced by the first turbine (WT1), in the front, was found to be 899 MWh, while the second (WT2), at the back, was 872 MWh with an average capacity factor of 12%. Meanwhile, the 1 MW solar PV produced 1,632 MWh in 2017 and 1,497 MWh in 2018. Our analysis shows that each kW of wind turbine yields 2.9 kWh per day while each kW solar PV electricity yields, in average, 4.3 kWh per day. We also found that the average cost of wind electricity unit is 49 fils/kWh (USD¢ 13/kWh) and the payback is nearly 40 years while the average cost of solar electricity unit is 17 fils/kWh (USD ¢ 4.5/kWh) and the payback is nearly 12 years. Furthermore, we found that 1 MW of solar PV gives more electricity than 1 MW of wind by 42% and, subsequently, alleviates more CO2 by 42% than wind turbines’ installation; i.e., 1 MW solar PV will annually produce 1,500 MWh (alleviating 654 tons of CO2), while 1 MW produces, annually, 1057 MWh (alleviating 461 tons of CO2).
GPx3 knockdown inhibits the proliferation and DNA synthesis and enhances the early apoptosis of human spermatogonial stem cells via mediating CXCL10 and cyclin B1
Authors: Wu Si , Cheng Zixin , Peng Ye , Cao Ying , He Zuping
Published: July 2023

Spermatogenesis is regulated by genetic and epigenetic factors. However, the genes and signaling pathways mediating human spermatogenesis remain largely unknown. Here, we have for the first time explored the expression, function, and mechanism of glutathione peroxidase 3 (GPx3) in controlling the proliferation and apoptosis of human spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs). We found that GPx3 was expressed in human SSCs. Notably, we revealed that GPx3 knockdown resulted in the decrease in the proliferation, DNA synthesis, and cyclin B1 level in human SSC lines, which possessed the phenotypic features of human primary SSCs. Flow cytometry and TUNEL assays showed that GPx3 silencing led to enhancement of early apoptosis of human SSC line. RNA sequencing was utilized to identify CXCL10 as a target of GPx3 in human SSCs, and notably, both double immunostaining and co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) demonstrated that there was an association between GPx3 and CXCL10 in these cells. CXCL10-shRNA resulted in the reduction in the proliferation and DNA synthesis of human SSC line and an increase in apoptosis of these cells. Taken together, these results implicate that GPx3 regulates the proliferation, DNA synthesis, and early apoptosis of human SSC line via mediating CXCL10 and cyclin B1. This study, thus, offers a novel insight into the molecular mechanism regulating the fate determinations of human SSCs and human spermatogenesis.
Quantitative super-resolution microscopy reveals the differences in the nanoscale distribution of nuclear phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate in human healthy skin and skin warts
Authors: Hoboth Peter , Sztacho Martin , Quaas Alexander , Akgül Baki , Hozák Pavel
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Imaging of human clinical formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue sections provides insights into healthy and diseased states and therefore represents a valuable resource for basic research, as well as for diagnostic and clinical purposes. However, conventional light microscopy does not allow to observe the molecular details of tissue and cell architecture due to the diffraction limit of light. Super-resolution microscopy overcomes this limitation and provides access to the nanoscale details of tissue and cell organization.

Methods: Here, we used quantitative multicolor stimulated emission depletion (STED) nanoscopy to study the nanoscale distribution of the nuclear phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (nPI(4,5)P2) with respect to the nuclear speckles (NS) marker SON.

Results: Increased nPI(4,5)P2 signals were previously linked to human papillomavirus (HPV)-mediated carcinogenesis, while NS-associated PI(4,5)P2 represents the largest pool of nPI(4,5)P2 visualized by staining and microscopy. The implementation of multicolor STED nanoscopy in human clinical FFPE skin and wart sections allowed us to provide here the quantitative evidence for higher levels of NS-associated PI(4,5)P2 in HPV-induced warts compared to control skin.

Discussion: These data expand the previous reports of HPV-induced increase of nPI(4,5)P2 levels and reveal for the first time the functional, tissue-specific localization of nPI(4,5)P2 within NS in clinically relevant samples. Moreover, our approach is widely applicable to other human clinical FFPE tissues as an informative addition to the classical histochemistry.
Balancing participation in writing meeting minutes online in video-mediated return-to-work negotiations
Authors: Weiste Elina , Koskela Inka , Kallio Aku , Keränen Hanna , Pesonen Sanna , Sormunen Erja , Juvonen-Posti Pirjo , Ruusuvuori Johanna
Published: July 2023

Introduction

Balancing participation in multiparty negotiations in healthcare and vocational rehabilitation processes is an interactional challenge, especially when the participants interact online. Participants in multiparty video-mediated context have limited and asymmetric access to each other's activities. Also the different meeting tasks cause an imbalance in their opportunities to participate. At the same time, contemporary clinical practice rests on the ideal of reciprocal, balanced participation.

Method

We used conversation analysis to examine the participants' construction of the meeting memo as a joint document in video-mediated return-to-work (RTW) negotiations. We aim to observe how participants views are invited, receipted, and jointly formulated, both verbally and writing, when constructing the meeting memo. RTW negotiations are common collaboration arenas of vocational rehabilitation in Finland which aim to support the employee's return to work, for instance, after sickness absence. The meeting memo is a summary of the negotiation and its concrete decisions which may affect the employee's disability-based vocational rehabilitation services and benefits.

Results

The way in which the meeting memo is produced in RTW negotiations plays a significant role in the participants' opportunities for participation. Sharing the screen view to the already written text, enable participants to comment on and correct the text, reinforcing its joint approval. Involvement of participants in co-producing memo texts allow the participants not only produce the content to the text but also to formulate the publicly available form of the text.

Discussion

These practices for constructing the memo in and through the unfolding of interaction may be considered as enhancing more balanced participation. However, they may also require extra interactional effort in multiparty video-mediated negotiations.
Isolated and combined effects of EVA and TPU custom foot orthoses on constant speed, treadmill running kinematics
Authors: Van Alsenoy Ken , van der Linden Marietta L. , Ryu Joong Hyun , Girard Olivier , Al Raisi Lubna , Santos Derek
Published: July 2023

Introduction: We investigated the isolated and combined (HYB) effects of ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) and expanded thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) custom foot orthoses (CFOs), compared to a control condition (CON; shoes only), on constant speed, treadmill running kinematics.

Methods: Twenty (10 male and 10 female subjects) well-trained runners performed four 6-min bouts at the same individualized speed for each bout on a treadmill under four footwear conditions (EVA, TPU, HYB, and CON). Twenty markers and four clusters (four markers each) were placed on lower limbs and the pelvis. Lower limb and pelvis movements were tracked using a three-dimensional motion capture system with 11 cameras (Vicon MX System, Oxford, United Kingdom). Lower limb joint angles and angular velocity were normalized to 100% of the stance phase.

Results: Peak ankle eversion (p < 0.001, η2 = 0.72), peak ankle eversion angular velocity (AV) (p < 0.001, η2 = 0.64), peak ankle inversion AV (p < 0.001, η2 = 0.60), and peak ankle internal rotation AV (p < 0.001, η2 = 0.49) demonstrated the largest differences between conditions. Statistical non-parametric mapping analysis revealed that HYB exhibited the largest proportions of change during the total stance phase compared to the CON.

Discussion: All CFO materials caused significant reductions in peak angles and peak AVs at the ankle in the frontal plane, with more pronounced effects for harder (EVA) than softer (TPU) materials. These significant reductions occurred during large portions of the total stance phase for the angles and for the AVs. Although some effects could be found in more proximal joints such as the knee and hip, most significant effects were found at the ankle joint. Overall, combining hard EVA material in the heel and soft TPU in the forefoot (HYB) resulted in significant, more favorable changes compared to the CON that lasted for the largest proportion of stance phase when compared to wearing shoes only.
Numerical calculation of phase change heat conduction in freezing soil by lattice Boltzmann method based on enthalpy method
Authors: Tian Lin , Shen Linfang , Wang Zhiliang , Luo Junyao
Published: July 2023

In the freezing process, the soil is accompanied by heat conduction, heat release for ice-water phase change, phase change interface movement, and a change in thermal diffusion coefficient, which is a complex nonlinear problem and is hard to solve. This study uses the enthalpy method to establish a unified control equation for heat conduction in the entire calculation region (including the solid-phase zone, liquid-phase zone, and phase change interface). It solves the equation numerically, relying on the D2Q4 model of the lattice Boltzmann method, and determines the evolution of the temperature field and solid-liquid phase change interface position with time. The trends in the soil’s temperature field evolution and freezing front movement under unilateral and bilateral cold sources are discussed using an example from an artificial freezing project. The results show that when −10°C is taken as the limit for freezing wall temperature, the freezing wall thickness developed at 5, 10, 20, 30, and 40 days under the unilateral cold source is 0.24, 0.33, 0.47, 0.57, and 0.66 m, respectively. The overall temperature in the soil drops below −13.6°C and −26.4°C at 35 days and 45 days under the bilateral cold sources. These values can provide a basis for engineering design.
N6-methyladenosine RNA modification: an emerging molecule in type 2 diabetes metabolism
Authors: Zhang Haocheng , Gu Yan , Gang Qiaojian , Huang Jing , Xiao Qian , Ha Xiaoqin
Published: July 2023

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a metabolic disease with an increasing rate of incidence worldwide. Despite the considerable progress in the prevention and intervention, T2D and its complications cannot be reversed easily after diagnosis, thereby necessitating an in-depth investigation of the pathophysiology. In recent years, the role of epigenetics has been increasingly demonstrated in the disease, of which N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is one of the most common post-transcriptional modifications. Interestingly, patients with T2D show a low m6A abundance. Thus, a comprehensive analysis and understanding of this phenomenon would improve our understanding of the pathophysiology, as well as the search for new biomarkers and therapeutic approaches for T2D. In this review, we systematically introduced the metabolic roles of m6A modification in organs, the metabolic signaling pathways involved, and the effects of clinical drugs on T2D.
Sex differences in the non-linear association between BMI and LDL cholesterol in type 2 diabetes
Authors: Li Kun , Cao Bin , Wang Xiaojing , Chai Tao , Ke Jing , Zhao Dong
Published: July 2023

Background

A data-based study reported the linear relationship between body mass index (BMI) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in a normal population. However, there were no studies giving the suggestion for diabetes patients limited by sample size. This study aimed to investigate the non-linear dose-response relationship between BMI and LDL-C in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Method

The study participants registered at the National Metabolic Management Center (MMC) of Beijing Luhe hospital from June 2017 to June 2021. T2DM was diagnosed according to the 1999 World Organization criteria. The generalized additive models (GAMs) were used to investigate the non-linear association between BMI and LDL-C. The relationship between BMI and LDL-C was visualized via the smooth splines function plot by sex. Segmented regressions were fitted to calculate the slopes with different estimated breakpoints.

Results

After data cleaning, a total of 2500 participants with T2DM aged 30 to 70 years were included in this study. Compared with females, the spline between BMI and LDL-C showed an Inverted U shape in males. In males, the slopes below and above the breakpoint (26.08. 95% CI: 24.13 to 28.03) were 2.38 (95%CI: 1.06, 3.70) and -0.36 (95%CI: -1.20, 0.48), respectively.

Conclusion

There was an Inverted U shape association between BMI and LDL-C in male participants with T2DM, for which the LDL-C was increased with BMI in the lean population, while LDL-C gradually tended to be flat or even decreased in the obese population. However, the Inverted U-shape between BMI and LDL-C was not found in female patients with T2DM.
Nuclear reactor at home? Public acceptance of small nuclear reactors in the neighborhood
Authors: Hlavacek Martin , Cabelkova Inna , Pawlak Karolina , Smutka Lubos
Published: July 2023

Small Nuclear Reactors (SNR) can provide climate-neutral, stable electricity and heating if located in people’s neighborhoods close to people’s dwellings. The extensive use of SNR would reduce capacity requirements for energy transmission systems and increase the overall stability of energy grids. However, the public fear location of SNR close to their homes. This paper hypothesizes that the public acceptance of SNR in the neighborhood is contingent upon knowledge of technology, fear of nuclear energy (NE), trust in the government, the expected increase of future electricity needs and the expected ability of renewables to cover these needs, environmental and climate concerns, and media exposure. We rely upon representative survey data from the Czech Republic (N = 1,013, 51.2% female, aged 18–91, M ± SD: 47.7 ± 17.6; 19.6% with higher education). Methodologically we conduct exploratory Principal Component Analysis and a series of ordinal regressions. The results suggest that the knowledge of technology, trust in the government, the preference for NE expansion, and media exposure increased the acceptance of SNR, while fear of NE decreased SNR acceptance. The perceived replaceability of conventional energy sources with renewables decreased acceptance of SNR in most cases. Surprisingly, worries about climate change reduced the support for SNR. Women accept fewer SNRs located close to their residence compared to men. More educational effort is needed in the specifics of SNR technology and the environmental effects of SNR. Media proved to be an excellent way to start.
DC voltage-based virtual synchronous generator scheme for eliminating circulating power of two-stage grid-tied converters
Authors: Hao Tianqu , Zhu Jun , Gao Feng , Zhao Xingjian
Published: July 2023

virtual synchronous generators (VSGs) powered by renewable energy sources prefer to have energy storage attached to the DC link with DC–DC converters, emulating the inertia and smoothing the intermittency of renewable generations. This paper proposes a new VSG method for a two-stage converter to eliminate the circulating power among inverters while having external characteristics identical to those of a traditional VSG. In particular, the proposed VSG method uses the inverter, energy storage converter, and DC capacitor together to implement the swing equation. Meanwhile, the method can still achieve strong similarities with synchronous generators in terms of physical structure, control, and mathematical model. Therefore, the stable operation of the proposed VSG is easy to evaluate by the well-developed traditional power system theory. Moreover, the method is developed to be capable of eliminating circulating power among paralleled VSGs. Simulation and experimental results have also verified the effectiveness of the proposed method.