bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Biases and the Question of Palestine/Israel: Textbook Treatment of the Question's History in Western Universities
Authors: Borhani Seyed Hadi
Published: October 2016

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the purported influence of a pro-Israeli environment in the West on the production of academic knowledge about the Palestine/Israel question. The most popular college textbooks on the history of the question were analysed through textbook and context analysis in order to answer the key question of the research: ‘How the knowledge of the history of the Palestine/Israel question presented in Western academia, and why has it been presented in that particular way. The results of the textbook analysis (Historical Narrative Analysis) support the conclusion that textbook knowledge on the question is mainly pro-Israeli in bias. In relation to the ‘Why’ question, the context analysis offers the ‘Jewish pro-Israeli producer’ as being the main factor for the bias in the products. An additional factor identified is that the relevant knowledge has been produced in a certain, American or Israeli, national and educational environment.
State Power, Local Autonomy, and War in Scotland, 1625–9
Authors: White Jason
Published: October 2016

The existence, nature, and scope of the pre-Covenanting state in Scotland has been a source of much historiographical debate. This article contributes to this debate by examining the early modern Scottish state through the lens of a short period of war at the start of Charles I's reign. Upon assuming the thrones of England, Scotland, and Ireland in 1625, Charles I looked to intervene in the ongoing Thirty Years' War on behalf of his sister and brother-in-law Elizabeth and Frederick of Bohemia. While the direct involvement of the three Stuart kingdoms in the war did not last long, Scotland played an important role as the supplier of soldiers to allied armies, especially Denmark and Sweden. The near constant demand for soldiers intensified the contact between centre and localities and provided opportunities for Scots at the local level to participate, thanks to print, in debates on a national scale.
Christ's Soldier, Scotland's Hero: Major-General Andrew Gilbert Wauchope (1846–99)
Authors: McFarland Elaine
Published: October 2016

Major-General Andrew Gilbert Wauchope was quickly elevated to the status of imperial hero following his death at the battle of Magersfontein in 1899. His case throws light on mechanics of military celebrity in the popular culture of high imperialism, with a particular focus on its Scottish dimension. Indeed, the defence of his leadership was also a vital component in vindicating Scotland's martial reputation after the initial reversals of the South African War. Great imaginative significance was invested in the raw material of his life, but the media also created a political environment that made criticism of Wauchope's leadership difficult. Historians and biographers played a further important mediating role, elaborating the themes of ‘Christian soldier’ and ‘Scottish hero’ that structured his posthumous reputation. The heroic image of Wauchope was further subject to the processes of commemoration and commodification in the years that followed his death. Ultimately, however, the traditional image of the heroic commander was short circuited by the Great War, ensuring that the ‘Scot of the Scots’ did not linger long in the public consciousness.
The Last Ten Years of Advancements in Plant-Derived Recombinant Vaccines against Hepatitis B
Authors: Joung Young , Park Se , Moon Ki-Beom , Jeon Jae-Heung , Cho Hye-Sun , Kim Hyun-Soon
Published: October 2016

Disease prevention through vaccination is considered to be the greatest contribution to public health over the past century. Every year more than 100 million children are vaccinated with the standard World Health Organization (WHO)-recommended vaccines including hepatitis B (HepB). HepB is the most serious type of liver infection caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV), however, it can be prevented by currently available recombinant vaccine, which has an excellent record of safety and effectiveness. To date, recombinant vaccines are produced in many systems of bacteria, yeast, insect, and mammalian and plant cells. Among these platforms, the use of plant cells has received considerable attention in terms of intrinsic safety, scalability, and appropriate modification of target proteins. Research groups worldwide have attempted to develop more efficacious plant-derived vaccines for over 30 diseases, most frequently HepB and influenza. More inspiring, approximately 12 plant-made antigens have already been tested in clinical trials, with successful outcomes. In this study, the latest information from the last 10 years on plant-derived antigens, especially hepatitis B surface antigen, approaches are reviewed and breakthroughs regarding the weak points are also discussed.
Metabolomic Profiling of the Effects of Melittin on Cisplatin Resistant and Cisplatin Sensitive Ovarian Cancer Cells Using Mass Spectrometry and Biolog Microarray Technology
Authors: Alonezi Sanad , Tusiimire Jonans , Wallace Jennifer , Dufton Mark , Parkinson John , Young Louise , Clements Carol , Park Jin , Jeon Jong , Ferro Valerie , Watson David
Published: October 2016

In the present study, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) was employed to characterise the metabolic profiles of two human ovarian cancer cell lines A2780 (cisplatin-sensitive) and A2780CR (cisplatin-resistant) in response to their exposure to melittin, a cytotoxic peptide from bee venom. In addition, the metabolomics data were supported by application of Biolog microarray technology to examine the utilisation of carbon sources by the two cell lines. Data extraction with MZmine 2.14 and database searching were applied to provide metabolite lists. Principal component analysis (PCA) gave clear separation between the cisplatin-sensitive and resistant strains and their respective controls. The cisplatin-resistant cells were slightly more sensitive to melittin than the sensitive cells with IC50 values of 4.5 and 6.8 μg/mL respectively, although the latter cell line exhibited the greatest metabolic perturbation upon treatment. The changes induced by melittin in the cisplatin-sensitive cells led mostly to reduced levels of amino acids in the proline/glutamine/arginine pathway, as well as to decreased levels of carnitines, polyamines, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+). The effects on energy metabolism were supported by the data from the Biolog assays. The lipid compositions of the two cell lines were quite different with the A2780 cells having higher levels of several ether lipids than the A2780CR cells. Melittin also had some effect on the lipid composition of the cells. Overall, this study suggests that melittin might have some potential as an adjuvant therapy in cancer treatment.
Mitoxantrone-Surfactant Interactions: A Physicochemical Overview
Authors: Enache Mirela , Toader Ana , Enache Madalin
Published: October 2016

Mitoxantrone is a synthetic anticancer drug used clinically in the treatment of different types of cancer. It was developed as a doxorubicin analogue in a program to find drugs with improved antitumor activity and decreased cardiotoxicity compared with the anthracyclines. As the cell membrane is the first barrier encountered by anticancer drugs before reaching the DNA sites inside the cells and as surfactant micelles are known as simple model systems for biological membranes, the drugs-surfactant interaction has been the subject of great research interest. Further, quantitative understanding of the interactions of drugs with biomimicking structures like surfactant micelles may provide helpful information for the control of physicochemical properties and bioactivities of encapsulated drugs in order to design better delivery systems with possible biomedical applications. The present review describes the physicochemical aspects of the interactions between the anticancer drug mitoxantrone and different surfactants. Mitoxantrone-micelle binding constants, partitions coefficient of the drug between aqueous and micellar phases and the corresponding Gibbs free energy for the above processes, and the probable location of drug molecules in the micelles are discussed.
Drywall (Gyproc Plasterboard) Recycling and Reuse as a Compost-Bulking Agent in Canada and North America: A Review
Authors: Ndukwe Ifeanyi , Yuan Qiuyan
Published: October 2016

The incessant disposal of drywall waste, generated predominantly from construction and demolition sites, has been associated with many environmental problems. In landfill sites, it has long been linked with the generation of hydrogen sulphide, a toxic and foul-smelling gas, while the incineration of this waste results in the potential release of sulphur dioxide gas, a contributor to acid rain formation. The traditional disposal methods also result in the loss of a valuable resource. Therefore, proper management of this waste through recycling programs and subsequent returns to the end market will ensure that a valuable resource is not lost and that environmental impacts are mitigated. Many potential end markets have been identified for recycled drywall. The application as a bulking agent for composting is one of these markets, which could also provide additional calcium and sulphur nutrients to the soil. Despite the benefits of drywall waste recycling, certain challenges have crippled its recycling rate in North America. This review summarises the current situations with drywall recycling and disposal, existing markets, and the availability of competing markets. Furthermore, the potential use of drywall as a compost-bulking agent is discussed. Finally, a possible solution to improving the recycling rate and market demands for drywall is presented.
Application of CCG Sensors to a High-Temperature Structure Subjected to Thermo-Mechanical Load
Authors: Xie Weihua , Meng Songhe , Jin Hua , Du Chong , Wang Libin , Peng Tao , Scarpa Fabrizio , Xu Chenghai
Published: October 2016

This paper presents a simple methodology to perform a high temperature coupled thermo-mechanical test using ultra-high temperature ceramic material specimens (UHTCs), which are equipped with chemical composition gratings sensors (CCGs). The methodology also considers the presence of coupled loading within the response provided by the CCG sensors. The theoretical strain of the UHTCs specimens calculated with this technique shows a maximum relative error of 2.15% between the analytical and experimental data. To further verify the validity of the results from the tests, a Finite Element (FE) model has been developed to simulate the temperature, stress and strain fields within the UHTC structure equipped with the CCG. The results show that the compressive stress exceeds the material strength at the bonding area, and this originates a failure by fracture of the supporting structure in the hot environment. The results related to the strain fields show that the relative error with the experimental data decrease with an increase of temperature. The relative error is less than 15% when the temperature is higher than 200 °C, and only 6.71% at 695 °C.
Enhancement of Frequency Stability Using Synchronization of a Cantilever Array for MEMS-Based Sensors
Authors: Torres Francesc , Uranga Arantxa , Riverola Martí , Sobreviela Guillermo , Barniol Núria
Published: October 2016

Micro and nano electromechanical resonators have been widely used as single or multiple-mass detection sensors. Smaller devices with higher resonance frequencies and lower masses offer higher mass responsivities but suffer from lower frequency stability. Synchronization phenomena in multiple MEMS resonators have become an important issue because they allow frequency stability improvement, thereby preserving mass responsivity. The authors present an array of five cantilevers (CMOS-MEMS system) that are forced to vibrate synchronously to enhance their frequency stability. The frequency stability has been determined in closed-loop configuration for long periods of time by calculating the Allan deviation. An Allan deviation of 0.013 ppm (@ 1 s averaging time) for a 1 MHz cantilever array MEMS system was obtained at the synchronized mode, which represents a 23-fold improvement in comparison with the non-synchronized operation mode (0.3 ppm).
One-Time URL: A Proximity Security Mechanism between Internet of Things and Mobile Devices
Authors: Solano Antonio , Dormido Raquel , Duro Natividad , González Víctor
Published: October 2016

The aim of this paper is to determine the physical proximity of connected things when they are accessed from a smartphone. Links between connected things and mobile communication devices are temporarily created by means of dynamic URLs (uniform resource locators) which may be easily discovered with pervasive short-range radio frequency technologies available on smartphones. In addition, a multi cross domain silent logging mechanism to allow people to interact with their surrounding connected things from their mobile communication devices is presented. The proposed mechanisms are based in web standards technologies, evolving our social network of Internet of Things towards the so-called Web of Things.
Enantiomeric Ratio of Amino Acids as a Tool for Determination of Aging and Disease Diagnostics by Chromatographic Measurement
Authors: Kalíková Květa , Šlechtová Tereza , Tesařová Eva
Published: October 2016

Occurrence of d-amino acids in living organisms is a useful indicator of various changes, diseases, or disorders. Determination of amino acid enantiomers, namely the enantiomeric ratio of amino acids or excess of certain d-amino acids, represents a useful tool in the studies of aging processes or biomarkers in disease/disorder diagnosis in humans. The amount of d-amino acids is usually very low. Therefore, suitable sample pretreatment, often derivatization, and highly selective and sensitive separation methods are essential for d-amino acid analysis in this field. Chromatographic techniques offer appropriate choices for solving these tasks. This review covers the advances in methodology and development of improved instrumental chromatographic methods focused on d,l-amino acid separation and determination. New findings in the area of possible d-amino acid biomarkers are also included.
40 Is the New 65? Older Adults and Niche Targeting Strategies in the Online Dating Industry
Authors: Blackwell Derek
Published: October 2016

Niche dating sites have become a popular trend in the online dating industry; yet, little is known about the specialization strategies these sites use to cater to their users’ needs. Moreover, previous research alludes to the idea that many of these sites may be engaging in pseudo-individualization—a deceptive technique that creates an illusion of specialization. This study focuses on niche dating sites for older adults, one of the fastest growing niches in online dating. Through a qualitative content analysis and close reading of older-adult dating sites, I seek to determine how and to what extent online dating sites that target older adults actually customize their services to benefit this population. Three key findings emerge: (1) the use of mass segmentation, a strategy that combines elements of both mass marketing and market segmentation; (2) a strategic broadening of the boundaries of the older-adult niche; and (3) the use of deceptive advertising to attract users. These findings suggest that older-adult dating sites are, in fact, engaging in pseudo-individualization. They also highlight some of the unique aspects of online media that facilitate this practice. Implications for both online daters and site producers are discussed.
Classification et nomenclature des Parméliales. Les Colématales ou Collemataceae (suite et fin)
Authors: Choisy M.
Published: October 2016

La famille des Collemaceae ou Collemataceae termine l'histoire de ce grand groupe des Parmeliales, dont les caractères communs et ne se retrouvant ensemble dans aucun autre groupe sont l'ascogone à hyphe peletonné et les pycno-conidies (ou spermaties ?) à stérigmates articulés, chaque article pouvant supporter une conidie.

Cette définition restreint la conception actuelle de cette famille en éliminant notamment le groupe dont le genre principal est Lempholemma, lequel se retrouvera réuni aux Lichens à thalle gélatineux et à conidies courtes, parfois ovoïdes. mais naissant au sommet d'un stérigmate simple.

Une objection peut venir à l'esprit critique en ce que la réunion d'un groupe à thalle théoriquement gélatineux avec un ensemble de genres à thalle constamment stratifié peut paraître illogique ; cependant, aimant à me référer aux auteurs anciens, je rapellerai que certains Collema ont été jadis confondus avec le groupe du Parmelia olivacea ; (Collema paradoxum Ach. = P. stygia (L.) Ach. !) des arguments beaucoup plus sérieux nous permettent de donner entre les Parmeliales à thalle stratifié et les Collematales des exemples de transitions indéniables.

Par le thalle, signalons le cas du Leptogium callithamnium (Tayl.) Nyl. qui a d'abord été nommé Sticta callithamnium Taylor ; par le thalle également, la famille ou sous-famille des Placynthiaceae Dahl, qui se place entre les Collemataceae et les Pannariaceae. D'autre part, la morphologie ascale nous apporte des éléments précieux, après les travaux de G. Degelius et de Dughi, d'où il ressort que le genre Leptogium est relié par les caractères ascals avec la section Chlamydophysma Dughi du genre Physma et par ce genre à Parmeliella des Pannariaceae ; et parallèlement Collema sensu stricto à la section Gymnophysma du même genre Physma au genre Massalongia des mêmes Pannariaceae.

Nous sommes donc amenés à un bouleversement des données classiques dans la systématique lichénique ; ici les relations morphologiques du thalle, déjà rendues floues par la conception (arbitraire) des Pannariaceae de Zahlbrûckner, où le genre Placynthium à thalle gélatineux est voisin d'autres genres à thalle stratifié, et d'autre part, nous avons vu que les dites Pannariaceae s'affiliaient assez étroitement aux Neophysciaceae (gen. Physcia et Xanthoria-Caloplaca auctor.).
A Philosophical Topography of Place and Non-Place: Lithuanian Context
Authors: Žukauskienė Odeta
Published: October 2016

Drawing on French anthropologist Marc Augé and his seminal book Non-Places (1995) the author pays attention to the transformation of contemporary urban landscapes. In thinking trough the dialectic of place and non-place, this paper aims to account for the apparent sense of placelesness in our cultural landscapes and in increasingly globalised world. If we want to ask fundamental questions about what has happened to our urban landscape and to the spirit of cities during the last decades then the concepts of place and non-place help us to describe the actual changes. Besides, Augé’s work gives us the methodological tools to address philosophical questions about the nature of supermodernity and the relationship between modernity and postmodernity moving toward new conditions of globality. This article will attempt to apply anthropological and philosophical concepts of place and space to the context of Lithuania, comparing the ways of spreading of non-places (non-lieu) in the Soviet modernity and contemporary global, hyper-visual and liquid cultural landscape.
Gender and Multiculturalism: Reflections on the Research in Poland after 1989 Year in the Context of Multicultural Communication
Authors: Bieńkowska Małgorzata
Published: October 2016

The aim of the paper is to reflect on the condition of the research concerning gender issues in a culturally diverse society in Poland. After the political breakthrough in 1989, Poland emerged as a democratic state, where various categories of the Other came back to life. At the same time, new social minorities appeared. In the context of talking about issues of multiculturalism in Poland is a new aspect of gender, have not so much ignored, which overlooked in general discussions about the relationship between minority and dominant group.
First Philosophy in the Border Zone
Authors: Rossvaer Viggo
Published: October 2016

The article will be devoted to such problems as a idea of subsidiarity, a cosmopolitan right and a visitor figure in context and interpretation of ancient and modern philosophy. The article deals with the concept of subsidiarity which is taken as a point of departure for the discipline of borderology, an academic study with Kantian roots. Borderology, according to the principle of subsidiarity, can present as a new field of investigation which invites philosophers and social scientists to replace a “top down” with a “bottom up” procedure. The figure of the visitor is close linked with the experience of subsidiarity which means the freedom and initiative below the level of State. In Immanuel Kant’s strategy for perpetual peace, the figure of the visitor launches a critique of a tendency to self-aggrandizement, characteristic of the modern State and thereby a defense of the political independence of local border regions. The visitor also invites us to see, think and work to liberate our own subjectivity from false voices of sovereignty. Kant articulates the offer of the visitor by bringing in the term Verkehr. Using Kant scholar Otfried Höffe,s methodology we show how idea of subsidiarity is overlooked in international political theory, explain some constitutive principles of borderology, from which is more important is the methodological principle of an intercultural discourse and presents borderology as an anti-Huntingtonian model for border studies.
Kūrybos visuomenės perspektyvos globalumo epochoje
Authors: Vėželis Tautvydas
Published: October 2016

Richard Florida knygos "Kūrybinės klasės iškilimas" recenzija.
THE COVERING FACTOR OF WARM DUST IN WEAK EMISSION-LINE ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI
Authors: Zhang Xudong , Liu Yuan
Published: October 2016

Weak emission-line active galactic nuclei (WLAGNs) are radio-quiet active galactic nuclei (AGNs) that have nearly featureless optical spectra. We investigate the ultraviolet to mid-infrared spectral energy distributions of 73 WLAGNs (0.4 < z < 3) and find that most of them are similar to normal AGNs. We also calculate the covering factor of warm dust of these 73 WLAGNs. No significant difference is indicated by a KS test between the covering factor of WLAGNs and normal AGNs in the common range of bolometric luminosity. The implication for several models of WLAGNs is discussed. The super-Eddington accretion is unlikely to be the dominant reason for the featureless spectrum of a WLAGN. The present results are still consistent with the evolution scenario, i.e., WLAGNs are in a special stage of AGNs.
INVESTIGATING THE CONDITIONS OF THE FORMATION OF A TYPE II RADIO BURST ON 2014 JANUARY 8
Authors: Su W. , Cheng X. , Ding M. D. , Chen P. F. , Ning Z. J. , Ji H. S.
Published: October 2016

It is believed that type II radio bursts are generated by shock waves. In order to understand the generation conditions of type II radio bursts, we analyze the physical parameters of a shock front. The type II radio burst we selected was observed by the Siberian Solar Radio Telescope (SSRT) and Learmonth radio station and was associated with a limb coronal mass ejection (CME) occurring on 2014 January 8 observed by the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory. The evolution of the CME in the inner corona presents a double-layered structure that propagates outward. We fit the outer layer (OL) of the structure with a partial circle and divide it into seven directions from −45° to 45° with an angular separation of 15°. We measure the OL speed along the seven directions and find that the speed in the direction of −15° with respect to the central direction is the fastest. We use the differential emission measure method to calculate the physical parameters at the OL at the moment when the type II radio burst was initiated, including the temperature (T), emission measure (EM), temperature ratio (

), compression ratio (X), and Alfvén Mach number (M
A). We compare the quantities X and M
A to those obtained from band-splitting in the radio spectrum, and find that this type II radio burst is generated at a small region of the OL that is located at the sector in the 45° direction. The results suggest that the generation of type II radio bursts (shocks) requires larger values of X and M
A rather than simply a higher speed of the disturbance.
COMPARISON OF DIVERSITY OF TYPE IIB SUPERNOVAE WITH ASYMMETRY IN CASSIOPEIA A USING LIGHT ECHOES
Authors: Finn Kieran , Bianco Federica B. , Modjaz Maryam , Liu Yu-Qian , Rest Armin
Published: October 2016

We compare the diversity of spectral line velocities in a large sample of type IIb supernovae (SNe IIb) with the expected asphericity in the explosion, as measured from the light echoes (LEs) of Cassiopeia A (Cas A), which was a historical galactic SN IIb. We revisit the results of Rest et al., who used LEs to observe Cas A from multiple lines of sight and hence determine its asphericity, as seen in the velocity of three spectral lines (He i
λ5876, Hα, and the Ca ii near-infrared (NIR) triplet). We confirm and improve on this measurement by reproducing the effect of the LEs in the spectra of several extragalactic SNe IIb found in the literature as well as mean SN IIb spectra recently created by Liu et al. and comparing these to the observed light echo spectra of Cas A, including their associated uncertainties. In order to quantify the accuracy of this comparison, we smooth the light echo spectra of Cas A using Gaussian processes and use a Monte Carlo method to measure the absorption velocities of these three features in the spectra. We then test the hypothesis that the diversity of ejecta velocities seen in SNe IIb can be explained by asphericity. We do this by comparing the range of velocities seen in the different LEs, and hence different lines of sight, of Cas A to that seen in the population of SNe IIb. We conclude that these two ranges are of the same order and thus asphericity could be enough to explain the diversity in the expansion velocity alone.
MAGNETIC DIAGNOSTICS OF THE SOLAR CHROMOSPHERE WITH THE Mg II h–k LINES
Authors: del Pino Alemán T. , Casini R. , Manso Sainz R.
Published: October 2016

We investigated the formation of the Mg ii h–k doublet in a weakly magnetized atmosphere (20–100 G) using a newly developed numerical code for polarized radiative transfer in a plane-parallel geometry, which implements a recent formulation of partially coherent scattering by polarized multi-term atoms in arbitrary magnetic-field regimes. Our results confirm the importance of partial redistribution effects in the formation of the Mg ii h and k lines, as pointed out by previous work in the non-magnetic case. We show that the presence of a magnetic field can produce measurable modifications of the broadband linear polarization even for relatively small field strengths (∼10 G), while the circular polarization remains well represented by the classical magnetograph formula. Both these results open an important new window for the weak-field diagnostics of the upper solar atmosphere.
Accentuation et niveaux de constituance en français : enjeux phonologiques et psycholinguistiques
Authors: Astésano Corine , Bertrand Roxane
Published: October 2016

Nous proposons de discuter des caractéristiques prosodiques du français sur la base d’une analyse métrique et perceptive de corpus de parole variés. Nos résultats nous conduisent à proposer le niveau du mot prosodique (pw) comme niveau de représentation de l’accentuation du français. Cette proposition forte, jusque-là jamais attestée empiriquement, est fondée sur deux résultats majeurs : la capacité des sujets à percevoir une proéminence finale indépendamment de la frontière intonative, à tous les niveaux de constituance ; la perception et le traitement de l’accentuation, notamment initiale, au niveau le plus bas de la constituance prosodique (pw) . La démarcation accentuelle bipolaire du mot lexical en surface nous invite à réinterpréter le statut de l’accentuation en français et à mettre en doute la notion de surdité accentuelle en français.
École d’Aix et approches tonales de l’intonation du français : un aperçu des recherches depuis les années 1970
Authors: D’Imperio Mariapaola , Michelas Amandine , Portes Cristel
Published: October 2016

Cet article a pour objectif d’expliciter le lien direct qui existe entre les travaux en prosodie menés aujourd’hui à Aix-en-Provence et les travaux qui ont été conduits depuis les années 70 par ce que l’on appelait alors « l’École d’Aix en Prosodie ». Ce lien sera établi au moyen de trois notions principales : les notions de cible tonale , de constituance prosodique et d’ interface entre la prosodie et les autres niveaux de la grammaire.
Le français du Midi : une variété de français à accent lexical
Authors: Sichel-Bazin Rafèu
Published: October 2016

Le français est traditionnellement décrit comme une langue sans accent de mot. L’accentuation est considérée marquer, de façon post-lexicale, les frontières – obligatoirement à droite et optionnellement à gauche – d’une unité prosodique, le groupe accentuel (ou Accentual Phrase , AP), qui peut contenir plusieurs mots lexicaux. Le français du Midi s’est développé au contact de l’occitan, une langue à accent lexical distinctif. Ce contact a conduit à une convergence entre les systèmes prosodiques des deux langues. D’un côté, l’occitan a adopté l’AP, avec ses accents final et initial, et l’accent de mot s’est affaibli, n’étant marqué que de façon optionnelle par une montée tonale à l’intérieur de l’AP. De l’autre, le français du Midi conserve des reliques d’accent de mot : il est possible d’observer des montées tonales sur la dernière syllabe pleine de mots de contenu à l’intérieur de l’AP, ce qui n’est pas le cas en français du Nord.
Une analyse multidimensionnelle du phrasé prosodique des adjectifs en français
Authors: Avanzi Mathieu , Brognaux Sandrine
Published: October 2016

Dans la littérature, la question de savoir quelles sont les contraintes qui permettent de prédire si un SN comprenant un nom et un adjectif constitue un seul ou deux groupes accentuels n’est toujours pas résolue, de même que la question de savoir comment interagissent ces contraintes. Le but de cette étude est d’évaluer le rôle des variables syntaxiques, métriques, réalisationnelles, lexicales, idiolectales, sociales et stylistiques qui pèsent sur le phrasé prosodique des suites syntagmatiques composées d’un adjectif et d’un nom en français. Pour ce faire, nous conduisons une analyse de régression impliquant plus d’une dizaine de prédicteurs et plus de 3 000 clusters extraits d’un corpus d’une durée de 13 h, annoté à différents niveaux et échantillonné pour étudier la variation régionale et stylistique en français.
De l’atelier au musée, le musée-atelier, les ambiguïtés d’un genre muséal singulier
Authors: de Font-Réaulx Dominique
Published: October 2016

Lieux souvent charmants, les musées-ateliers n’ont, jusqu’à maintenant, jamais fait l’objet d’un travail de recherches approfondi. Fort peu de mémoires et d’études universitaires ont été, en effet, consacrés aux musées-ateliers, comme institutions. L’usage est de les confondre avec les maisons d’écrivains, avec les demeures d’hommes célèbres, effaçant ainsi souvent la dimension de la collection, la part du musée dans l’atelier. La plupart des ouvrages qui leur ont été dédiés furent soit militants, en défense de l’artiste dont l’œuvre était ainsi préservée, oblitérant la réflexion sur le lieu et sa destination en tant que tels ; soit, le plus souvent, se focalisant sur la seule magie du lieu , sans pour autant la définir ou la caractériser, ni justifier des choix qui auraient conduit à son maintien ou à son développement, aux bénéfices de la communauté publique. Cet article, fondé sur un programme de recherches initié au musée Eugène-Delacroix, tente de mettre en évidence les ambiguïtés ontologiques de ces institutions, tout à la fois lieux de mémoire, lieux de vie et musées.
Les pharaons au musée : le regard des voyageurs français en Égypte à la fin du xix e siècle
Authors: Moussa Sarga
Published: October 2016

Créé par Mariette et ouvert au public en 1863, le Musée de Boulaq, dont les collections sont ensuite transférées au Palais de Gizeh puis au Musée égyptien, devient l’une des « curiosités » des voyageurs français en Égypte à la fin du xix e siècle. Cette plongée dans le passé pharaonique a des enjeux esthétiques et idéologiques : qu’il s’agisse d’affirmer la prééminence de l’art européen ou au contraire de montrer que les Pharaons sont des maîtres en matière d’ imitatio , des voyageurs égyptologues (Rhoné), historiens de l’art (Blanc), archéologues (Saulcy), journalistes (Alis), etc., montrent ce qu’un des premiers musées archéologiques extra-européens peut susciter comme controverses – mais aussi comme expérience existentielle, telle celle que raconte Loti, qui visite la salle des momies, de nuit, sous la conduite de Maspero, en 1907.
Suicide et enthousiasme chez Germaine de Staël
Authors: Foerster Maxime
Published: October 2016

Le présent article vise à démontrer l’étendue de l’originalité de la pensée de Germaine de Staël sur le suicide dans ses Réflexions sur le suicide . Régulièrement abordé par Staël tout au long de son œuvre, dans ses fictions et ses essais, le suicide est finalement théorisé d’une façon inédite à la fin de sa vie. Le concept d’enthousiasme est mobilisé pour proposer une sagesse du « savoir-souffrir » qui permet de dépasser la tentation du suicide par le consentement à la négativité de l’existence. Ce traitement enthousiaste de la souffrance et l’adhésion au destin anticipent le concept d’ amor fati tel qu’il sera repris plus tard par Nietzsche.
Educational Management Leadership
Authors: Brzozowski Maciej , Ferster Ilan
Published: October 2016

This chapter examines new directions in educational management leadership theory and practice. Relevant literature is synthesized to provide a holistic picture of current knowledge of the topic, highlighting meanings, principles, prerequisites, process and consequences. The major aim of the research is to investigate the interrelation between nigh school principal's management style and parental involvement in school management in Israel. The chapter illustrates recent educational reforms in Israel as the context for introducing a specific style of managing school organizations and staff in a goal-oriented forward-thinking manner. Educational leadership moves the principal beyond upholding the status quo and towards setting an individual vision towards which to lead the school organization. Properly applied, it should help school principals forge a vision of educational success that can anticipate and adapt to the demands of the overall state requirements as well as the localized needs of school staff, the local community, the students, and their parents.
Understanding of Leadership in Distance Education Management
Authors: Ekren Gülay , Karataş Serçin , Demiray Uğur
Published: October 2016

Today, distance education institutions are different from other traditional organizational structures because they require a virtual structuring. Therefore, the concept and practice of educational leadership is considered as a special area in distance education management process. As a requirement of 21st century, distance education leadership has been seen as a matter or necessity to be developed and to be investigated in the management of distance education. In this chapter, it is aimed to bring the insights of various researchers to define characteristics or qualifications of leadership in distance education, which are or should be different from traditional educational leadership through a literature review relevant to leadership and theories in leadership, educational leadership, and distance education leadership.
Teachers' Professional Development in the Digitized World
Authors: Ozdemir Emsal Ates , Dikilitaş Kenan
Published: October 2016

Professional development for in-service English language teachers has increasingly become a need in higher education not only in Turkey but across the world. Due to the limited time teachers have and the distance between the source of service and the potential participants, using digitized activities and materials have naturally become a necessity. The purpose of this research is to report the potential impact of the course described below and discuss the role of blended learning experience of professional development on the participating teachers. The theoretical background of the study is experiential learning initiated by Kolb and socio-constructivist learning theory by Vygotsky in that both theories highlight the role of experiencing the change and focus on personal meanings and learning with and from others in real and online environments.
Integrating Technology in Nurse Education
Authors: Wright Vivian H. , Davis Anjanetta
Published: October 2016

This chapter explores how nurse educators can better integrate technology in their professional development, teaching and learning, and clinical experiences in a purposeful and meaningful manner. The authors explore how and why nurse educators should be mindful of the intersection of technology, pedagogy, and content knowledge (TPACK) in developing teaching and learning plans. The authors contend that nurse educators should consider and employ TPACK on a routine basis, so that using technology purposefully becomes the traditional approach in one's teaching. Examples of how technology can become more meaningful in three areas that nurse educators routinely work within are: professional development, teaching, and clinical experiences.
Technology Integration and Innovation during Reflective Teaching
Authors: Baporikar Neeta
Published: October 2016

With emerging innovations, the use of technology tools to make learning process effective is foreseeable. Hence, appropriate incorporation of technology can make a valuable contribution to the learning and undoubtedly reflection is core to learning. With today's twenty-first century learners, it is important that educators advocate integrating twenty-first century skills into their reflection activities. In Ray and Coulter's study (2008) on the use of blogs by teachers for reflective purposes, the authors conclude that “Teachers would benefit from combining the skills of technology and reflection,” and that “these kinds of public technologies provide a way for teachers not only to analyze their own practice, but also to share their reflections with others” (p. 20). Teachers and students can now avail themselves of various online and computer-based applications in order to reflect on their learning. As technology integration process takes time and efforts, a systemic plan is required. This paper examines reflective teaching through concerted technology integration.
The Role of Teacher Leadership for Promoting Professional Development Practices
Authors: Dickenson Patricia , Montgomery Judith L.
Published: October 2016

This chapter examines the status of teacher professional development in mathematics and explores the role of teacher leadership to promote innovative professional development strategies that sustain the growth and development of an organization. Survey data was collected from teacher leader participants of one mathematics professional development organization to understand how participants' growth and development as a teacher leader not only shaped their mathematics instructional practices, but influenced their choices in leadership roles. Further the authors share how the learning environment and pedagogical choices of the project director supported a teacher-driven professional development approach. Recommendations as well as a model for developing a teacher-driven professional development organization are provided for replication.
The Importance of Distance Education Experts in the Organizational Development Process of Distance Education Institutions
Authors: Kesim Eren
Published: October 2016

The rapid development of new technologies has forced all nations to adopt new perspectives regarding the intense competition process. Educational institutions are expected to compete in such a state that it has become paramount for these institutions to manage this paradigm shift. With newly developing areas of expertise, management of distance education institutions is rapidly becoming a process in need of delicate attention. As such, this chapter studies the need for new perspectives and approaches in this process of change regarding distance education institutions and their organizational development process. The matter of expertise in this field is discussed, along with the qualities of distance education experts and their role in the organizational development induced by this paradigm shift. Lastly, recommendations for future research and applications are made regarding the process of change itself, in both institutional and educational capacities and regarding individuals in this field, specifically experts guiding this change.
Learning to Teach Online
Authors: Tschida Christina M. , Hodge Elizabeth M. , Schmidt Steven W.
Published: October 2016

The rapid expansion of distance education in higher education has left a high demand for faculty willing to design and teach online courses, often with little or no training. The path from face-to-face to online courses is not an easy one and can be filled with frustration and doubt for many faculty. Professional development often focuses on technology tools rather than pedagogical issues of online learning or course content. This chapter focuses on research that examines the experience of several faculty from the college of education at a state university in the Southeast United States, as they learned to teach online. It presents their negotiations of issues of online platform and pedagogy and their efforts to find professional development to meet their needs. The implications for institutions of higher learning are important as distance education continues to increase and more and more faculty are asked (or told) to transfer their courses online.
Optimizing Group Waiting Time in Service System with Learning Effect
Authors: Cohen Yuval , Rozenes Shai
Published: October 2016

This paper deals with service lines that serve groups of customers that differ in their service processes, but have similarities regarding the service capabilities of the specific servers. This paper optimizes the problem of allocating work elements with various learning slopes to servers to minimize the system waiting time of customers in such a line. The customer groups have a large variety of service needs. The service is organized in tandem, and the service repetitions in each group causes learning effect, but due to the nature of work, server's learning slopes can vary. The authors propose a two stage optimization methodology: the first stage is an optimization based on a non-linear formulation for work allocation with some constraints relaxation; the second stage drops the relaxations and finds a solution that is the closest to the unconstrained solution found in the first stage. The authors show that in the presence of learning, the optimal system waiting time requires assigning different workloads to different servers. This difference depends on the number of cycles of a customer group, the server's learning slope, and the server's location along the line. The savings in the optimal system waiting time due to the imbalanced loading of work over the balanced load case are demonstrated.
Development of Data Mining Driven Software Tool to Forecast the Customer Requirement for Quality Function Deployment
Authors: Purohit Shivani K. , Sharma Ashish K.
Published: October 2016

Quality Function Deployment (QFD) is widely used customer driven process for product development. Thus, Customer Requirements (CRs) play a key role in QFD process. However, the diversification in marketplace makes these CRs more dynamic and changing, giving rise the need to forecast CRs to improve competitiveness and increase customer satisfaction. The purpose can be served by using Data Mining techniques of forecasting. With the pool of forecasting techniques available, it is important to evaluate a suitable one for more effective results. To this end, the paper presents a novel software tool to efficiently forecast CRs in QFD. The tool allows for forecasting using various data mining based time series analysis techniques that strongly assists in doing comparative analysis and evaluating out the most apt technique for forecasting of CRs. The tool is developed using VB.Net and MS-Access. Finally, an example is presented to demonstrate the practicability of proposed software tool.
Pursuing Supply Chain Integration
Authors: Munkata Abdul Samed , Anin Emmanuel Kwabena , Essuman Dominic , Ataburo Henry
Published: October 2016

Although supply chain (SC) integration is well discussed in literature, there is a missing link in its multi-faceted nature, in terms of implementation, at the empirical level. Existing empirical research focus has largely been on examining the impact of SC integration (SCI) on business performance while other issues such as barriers and enablers of SCI have mostly been conceptual. This study was thus set to examine the manner in which firms pursue integration; and how resources, competences, experience, and industry-type influence this course. Using questionnaires, data were collected from 117 service and manufacturing firms operating in the Ashanti Region of Ghana. The contribution of this study lies in its ability to critically examine how SCI is pursued and providing validations to the root barriers/enablers of SCI from a contextual standpoint. The findings of the study do not only fill the void in literature but also offer invaluable directions to practitioners and researchers.
Advantages and Disadvantages of Clicker Use in Education
Authors: Wentao Chen , Jinyu Zhang , Zhonggen Yu
Published: October 2016

Since the birth of clickers at Pennsylvania State University, there have been numerous arguments on its effectiveness. This study, aiming to review use of clickers in education, examined literature over around a decade on use of clickers, involving benefits and defects of use of clickers, peer discussion, use of clickers in learning, teaching and problem solving, the effectiveness of use of clickers among non-students. Besides, relationships between lecturing and learning aided with clickers, and current developments in use of clickers were also reviewed and discussed. It was concluded that clickers, as one form of modern technology, had gained growing popularity due to their advantages, such as peer discussion, anonymity and instant feedback although disputes still remained. More studies on clickers and other new technologies were still needed to further push forward levels of education. Cross-disciplinary cooperation between computers, education and psychology may be needed to design more advanced educational technologies.
Supplier Selection and Assessment by University Procurement Officers
Authors: Bouhnik Dan , Giat Yahel , Zarruk Issachar
Published: October 2016

Supplier selection and assessment is at the core of the procurement process. This study investigates how procurement officers in Israel's universities select and assess their suppliers. The authors explore which information channels officers use to assess suppliers and find that incidental and informal information sources are the most frequently used followed by official sources. The authors examine the criteria used by officers to select suppliers and identify quality and price as significantly more important than most other criteria. Finally, the authors do not find strong evidence that officers categorize suppliers to key and non-key suppliers according to the university's goals.
Customer Satisfaction of the Third-Party Logistics Enterprise Based on AHP
Authors: Xiaomin Xu , Yi Liu
Published: October 2016

This article reports on results of a study on a freight forwarding enterprise engaged in third-party logistics services. The first phase involved establishing an evaluation index system for customer satisfaction of 3PL enterprise based on SERVQUAL model. In phase two, analytic hierarchy process AHP is applied to analyze survey results to find out key factors affecting service quality of 3PL enterprises. Based on these results, some suggestions are given.