bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The cryo-EM structure of hibernating 100S ribosome dimer from pathogenic Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Matzov Donna , Aibara Shintaro , Basu Arnab , Zimmerman Ella , Bashan Anat , Yap Mee-Ngan F. , Amunts Alexey , Yonath Ada E.
Published: September 2017

Formation of 100S ribosome dimer is generally associated with translation suppression in bacteria. Trans-acting factors ribosome modulation factor (RMF) and hibernating promoting factor (HPF) were shown to directly mediate this process in E. coli. Gram-positive S. aureus lacks an RMF homolog and the structural basis for its 100S formation was not known. Here we report the cryo-electron microscopy structure of the native 100S ribosome from S. aureus, revealing the molecular mechanism of its formation. The structure is distinct from previously reported analogs and relies on the HPF C-terminal extension forming the binding platform for the interactions between both of the small ribosomal subunits. The 100S dimer is formed through interactions between rRNA h26, h40, and protein uS2, involving conformational changes of the head as well as surface regions that could potentially prevent RNA polymerase from docking to the ribosome.
Organic flash memory on various flexible substrates for foldable and disposable electronics
Authors: Lee Seungwon , Seong Hyejeong , Im Sung Gap , Moon Hanul , Yoo Seunghyup
Published: September 2017

With the emergence of wearable or disposable electronics, there grows a demand for a flash memory realizable on various flexible substrates. Nevertheless, it has been challenging to develop a flash memory that simultaneously exhibits a significant level of flexibility and performance. This is mainly due to the scarcity of flexible dielectric materials with insulating properties sufficient for a flash memory, which involves dual dielectric layers, respectively, responsible for tunneling and blocking of charges. Here we report ultra-flexible organic flash memories based on polymer dielectrics prepared by initiated chemical vapor deposition. Using their near-ideal dielectric characteristics, we demonstrate flash memories bendable down to a radius of 300 μm that exhibits a relatively long-projected retention with a programming voltage on par with the present industrial standards. The proposed memory technology is then applied to non-conventional substrates, such as papers, to demonstrate its feasibility in a wide range of applications.
Atypical autism in a boy with double duplication of 22q11.2: implications of increasing dosage
Authors: Dale Breanne , Modi Bonnie MacKinnon , Jilderda Sanne , McConnell Beth , Hoang Ny , Swaroop Pooja , Falcon Jhoan , Thiruvahindrapuram Bhooma , Walker Susan , Scherer Stephen W. , Stavropoulos D. James , Drmic Irene E. , Carter Melissa T.
Published: September 2017

Duplication of chromosome 22q11.2 (LCR A-D) has been reported at higher frequencies in clinical samples than the general population, but phenotypes vary widely. Triplication (4 copies) is rare, but studying the associated phenotype may provide insight into dosage-sensitivity of the genes in this chromosomal interval. We describe a proband with a triplication, specifically a “double duplication” (two copies per chromosome) of the 22q11.2 region, while his parents and two siblings each have a single duplication (3 copies). The proband had a heart malformation, dysmorphic features, and learning and socialization deficits, whereas the other family members did not. This family illustrates that while duplication of the 22q11.2 may not be sufficient to cause clinically significant neurodevelopmental or health-related phenotypes, triplication of the same region may result in a phenotype characterized by a mild neurodevelopmental disorder, facial dysmorphism, and possibly cardiac anomalies.
Ectopic expression of Triticum aestivum SERK genes (TaSERKs) control plant growth and development in Arabidopsis
Authors: Singh Akanksha , Khurana Paramjit
Published: September 2017

Somatic embryogenesis receptor kinases (SERKs) belong to a small gene family of receptor-like kinases involved in signal transduction. A total of 54 genes were shortlisted from the wheat genome survey sequence of which 5 were classified as SERKs and 49 were identified as SERK-like (SERLs). Tissue- specific expression of TaSERKs at major developmental stages of wheat corroborates their indispensable role during somatic and zygotic embryogenesis. TaSERK transcripts show inherent differences in their hormonal sensitivities, i.e. TaSERK2 and TaSERK3 elicits auxin- specific responses while TaSERK1, 4 and 5 were more specific towards BR-mediated regulation. The ectopic expression of TaSERK1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 in Arabidopsis led to enhanced plant height, larger silique size and increased seed yield. Zygotic embryogenesis specific genes showed a differential pattern in TaSERK Arabidopsis transgenics specifically in the silique tissues. Elongated hypocotyls and enhanced root growth were observed in the overexpression transgenic lines of all five TaSERKs. The inhibitory action of auxin and brassinosteroid in all the TaSERK transgenic lines indicates their role in regulating root development. The results obtained imply redundant functions of TaSERKs in maintaining plant growth and development.
General Anesthetics Regulate Autophagy via Modulating the Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate Receptor: Implications for Dual Effects of Cytoprotection and Cytotoxicity
Authors: Ren Gongyi , Zhou Yachun , Liang Ge , Yang Bin , Yang Meirong , King Alexander , Wei Huafeng
Published: September 2017

General anesthetics are both neuroprotective and neurotoxic with unclear mechanisms. General anesthetics may control cell survival via their effects on autophagy by activation of type 1 inositol triphosphate receptor (InsP3R-1). DT40 or SH-SY5Y cells with only or over 99% expression of InsP3R-1 were treated with isoflurane or propofol. Cell viability was determined by MTT reduction or LDH release assays. Apoptosis was determined by measuring Caspase-3 or by TUNEL assay. Autophagy activity was determined by measuring LC3 II and P62. We evaluated mitochondrial integrity using MitoTracker Green and cytosolic ATP levels. Fura2-AM was used to measure the concentrations of cytosolic calcium ([Ca2+]c). Propofol significantly increased peak and integrated calcium response (P < 0.001) in cells with InsP3R-1 but not in cells with triple knockout of InsP3R. Both propofol and isoflurane increased autophagy induction (P < 0.05) in an mTOR- and InsP3R- activity dependent manner. Short exposure to propofol adequately activated InsP3-1 to provide sufficient autophagy for cytoprotection, while prolonged exposure to propofol induced cell apoptosis via impairment of autophagy flux through over activation of InsP3-1. Propofol damaged mitochondria and decreased cytosolic ATP. The effects of general anesthetics on apoptosis and autophagy are closely integrated; both are caused by differential activation of the type 1 InsP3R.
Dissecting genetic architecture of startle response in Drosophila melanogaster using multi-omics information
Authors: Xue Angli , Wang Hongcheng , Zhu Jun
Published: September 2017

Startle behavior is important for survival, and abnormal startle responses are related to several neurological diseases.Drosophila melanogasterprovides a powerful system to investigate the genetic underpinnings of variation in startle behavior. Since mechanically induced, startle responses and environmental conditions can be readily quantified and precisely controlled. The 156 wild-derived fully sequenced lines of theDrosophilaGenetic Reference Panel (DGRP) were used to identify SNPs and transcripts associated with variation in startle behavior. The results validated highly significant effects of 33 quantitative trait SNPs (QTSs) and 81 quantitative trait transcripts (QTTs) directly associated with phenotypic variation of startle response. We also detected QTT variation controlled by 20 QTSs (tQTSs) and 73 transcripts (tQTTs). Association mapping based on genomic and transcriptomic data enabled us to construct a complex genetic network that underlies variation in startle behavior. Based on principles of evolutionary conservation, human orthologous genes could be superimposed on this network. This study provided both genetic and biological insights into the variation of startle response behavior ofDrosophila melanogaster, and highlighted the importance of genetic network to understand the genetic architecture of complex traits.
Lecithin derived from ω-3 PUFA fortified eggs decreases blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats
Authors: Nowacki Dorian , Martynowicz Helena , Skoczyńska Anna , Wojakowska Anna , Turczyn Barbara , Bobak Łukasz , Trziszka Tadeusz , Szuba Andrzej
Published: September 2017

Hypertension is the most common risk factor for stroke, coronary heart disease and heart failure, which are the leading causes of death worldwide. Dietary patterns and supplements intakes are becoming important factors in the hypertension. The aim of this study was to estimate the effects of new generation egg yolk phospholipids rich in lecithin (SL) esterified with omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids on blood pressure in hypertensive rats (SHR). Here we have reported that lecithin (SL) derived from egg yolk lowers blood pressure in pathology of hypertension. The SHR rats treated with SL had significantly lower blood pressure than control group (157/104 vs. 178/121 mmHg; P < 0.05) and down-regulated mesenteric artery over-response to norepinephrine and potassium chloride, giving similar arterial response as for normotensive Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY). Hypertensive rats treated by SL demonstrated significantly lower serum level of inflammatory factors. This work also indicates that SL treatment lowers heart rate and reduces the serum level of oxidative stress marker - nitrotyrosine - by 30–34% in both hypertensive and normotensive animals. Phospholipids with lecithin derived from PUFA fortified eggs may be a valuable dietary supplement in prophylaxis of hypertension and in patients with hypertension, however, this requires further studies on humans.
Synergetic effect of the Onion CHI gene on the PAP1 regulatory gene for enhancing the flavonoid profile of tomato skin
Authors: Lim Wansang , Li Jiarui
Published: September 2017

Tomatoes are known to have ameliorative effects on cardiovascular disease and cancer. The nutritional value of tomatoes can be enhanced by increasing flavonoids content through genetic modification. The regulatory gene PAP1 (production of anthocyanin pigment 1) from Arabidopsis is reported to increase initial flavonoid flux and anthocyanin content. The structural gene CHI from Alium cepa increases flavonol content. However, the number of structural genes that can be transferred to plants is limited. To solve this problem, for the first time, we produced gene stacking transgenic tomato, in which Arabidopsis PAP1 (production of anthocyanin pigment 1) was stacked with an onion CHI by crossing. This procedure resulted in increased rutin and total anthocyanin content of as much as 130 and 30 times more, respectively, than the content in wild tomato skin, compared with 2.3 and 3 times more flavonol content, and 1 and 1.5 times more anthocyanin content in unstacked FLS and PAP1 tomatoes, respectively.
Temperature-dependent sex-reversal by a transformer-2 gene-edited mutation in the spotted wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii
Authors: Li Jianwei , Handler Alfred M.
Published: September 2017

Female to male sex reversal was achieved in an emerging agricultural insect pest, Drosophila suzukii, by creating a temperature-sensitive point mutation in the sex-determination gene, transformer-2 (tra-2), using CRISPR/Cas9 (clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated) homology-directed repair gene-editing. Ds-tra-2
ts2
mutants developed as normal fertile XX and XY adults at permissive temperatures below 20 °C, but at higher restrictive temperatures (26 to 29 °C) chromosomal XX females developed as sterile intersexuals with a predominant male phenotype, while XY males developed with normal morphology, but were sterile. The temperature-dependent function of the Ds-TRA-2ts2 protein was also evident by the up- and down-regulation of female-specific Ds-Yolk protein 1 (Ds-Yp1) gene expression by temperature shifts during adulthood. This study confirmed the temperature-dependent function of a gene-edited mutation and provides a new method for the more general creation of conditional mutations for functional genomic analysis in insects, and other organisms. Furthermore, it provides a temperature-dependent system for creating sterile male populations useful for enhancing the efficacy of biologically-based programs, such as the sterile insect technique (SIT), to control D. suzukii and other insect pest species of agricultural and medical importance.
Diesel soot aging in urban plumes within hours under cold dark and humid conditions
Authors: Eriksson A. C. , Wittbom C. , Roldin P. , Sporre M. , Öström E. , Nilsson P. , Martinsson J. , Rissler J. , Nordin E. Z. , Svenningsson B. , Pagels J. , Swietlicki E.
Published: September 2017

Fresh and aged diesel soot particles have different impacts on climate and human health. While fresh diesel soot particles are highly aspherical and non-hygroscopic, aged particles are spherical and hygroscopic. Aging and its effect on water uptake also controls the dispersion of diesel soot in the atmosphere. Understanding the timescales on which diesel soot ages in the atmosphere is thus important, yet knowledge thereof is lacking. We show that under cold, dark and humid conditions the atmospheric transformation from fresh to aged soot occurs on a timescale of less than five hours. Under dry conditions in the laboratory, diesel soot transformation is much less efficient. While photochemistry drives soot aging, our data show it is not always a limiting factor. Field observations together with aerosol process model simulations show that the rapid ambient diesel soot aging in urban plumes is caused by coupled ammonium nitrate formation and water uptake.
COUP-TFII is required for morphogenesis of the neural crest-derived tympanic ring
Authors: Hsu Wen-Hsin , Chen Chun-Ming , You Li-Ru
Published: September 2017

Chicken Ovalbumin Upstream Promoter-Transcription Factor II (COUP-TFII) plays pivotal roles in cell growth, cell differentiation, and cell fate determination. Although genome-wide studies have identified COUP-TFII binding on gene sets mainly involved in neural crest cell (NCC) development and craniofacial morphogenesis, the direct functional connection between COUP-TFII and NCCs in vivo has not been well characterized. In this study, we show that COUP-TFII is expressed in the subpopulation of NCCs and its derivatives, and targeted ablation of COUP-TFII in mouse NCCs results in markedly shortened and bifurcated tympanic rings, which in turn disturb the caudal direction of external acoustic meatus invagination. However, formation of the manubrium of the malleus (MM) in Wnt1-Cre/+;COUP-TFII
flox/flox
mice is not perturbed, suggesting that the rostral half of the tympanic ring is sufficient to support proper MM development. Interestingly, we found that loss of COUP-TFII up-regulates Sox9 in the tympanic ring primordium and affects the distribution of preosteoblasts before mesenchymal condensation. Together, our results demonstrate that COUP-TFII plays an essential role in regulating the patterning of the NCC-derived tympanic ring.
A novel CuZnInS quantum dot-based ECL sensing system for lysophosphatidic acid detection
Authors: Chen Xueqian , Gui Wenying , Liu Hua , Ma Qiang
Published: September 2017

A novel ECL sensing system was developed for lysophosphatidic acid detection based on AGM-CuInZnS QDs and GNs.
Green analytical flow method for the determination of total sulfite in wine using membraneless gas–liquid separation with contactless conductivity detection
Authors: Chantipmanee Nattapong , Alahmad Waleed , Sonsa-ard Thitaporn , Uraisin Kanchana , Ratanawimarnwong Nuanlaor , Mantim Thitirat , Nacapricha Duangjai
Published: September 2017

New and green automated flow-method based on membraneless vaporization technique suitable for monitoring of total sulfite in wine.
Effect of N- and C-terminal functional groups on the stability of collagen triple helices
Authors: Egli Jasmine , Erdmann Roman S. , Schmidt Pascal J. , Wennemers Helma
Published: September 2017

The effect of chargedversusneutral N- and C-termini on the stability of the collagen triple helix was examined.
Copper-mediated phospha-annulation to attain water-soluble polycyclic luminophores
Authors: Belyaev Andrey , Chen Yi-Ting , Su Shih-Hao , Tseng Yu-Jui , Karttunen Antti J. , Tunik Sergey P. , Chou Pi-Tai , Koshevoy Igor O.
Published: September 2017

The P-heterocyclic fluorophores, obtained via Cu(ii)-mediated cyclization, are suitable for cell imaging due to their stability, water solubility and low toxicity.
Selective recognition of oxalate in water: effect of pH on binding strength and sensing mechanisms
Authors: Mittapalli Ramana R. , Namashivaya Siva S. R. , Oshchepkov Aleksandr S. , Shumilova Tatiana A. , Rüffer Tobias , Lang Heinrich , Kataev Evgeny A.
Published: September 2017

New anthracene-containing azacryptands can selectively detect oxalate in a buffered aqueous solution at pH 6.2 showing a 10-fold fluorescence enhancement.
Exploring the effects and mechanisms of carbon nanomaterial diversity on the morphology of lysozyme crystals
Authors: Li Xinyu , Wang Hongyu , Kuang Xiangyu , Ma Jingrui , Feng Xizeng
Published: September 2017

A shift in the final size distribution and morphology was observed, and more pronounced X-ray diffraction peaks were achieved in lysozyme crystals with the addition of 3D CNMs.
Theoretical study of the charge transport mechanism in π-stacked systems of organic semiconductor crystals
Authors: Ya-Rui Shi , Hui-Ling Wei , Ya-Ting Shi , Yu-Fang Liu
Published: September 2017

We investigate the influence of various factors on the charge transport mechanism.
Supramolecular architectures based on p-cymene/ruthenium complexes functionalized with nucleobases
Authors: Sce Fabio , Beobide Garikoitz , Castillo Oscar , de Pedro Imanol , Pérez-Yáñez Sonia , Reyes Efraim
Published: September 2017

The nucleophilic attack of nucleobases on [(η6-p-cymene)RuCl(μ-Cl)]2 provided half-sandwich ruthenium entities in which the nucleobase tautomer directs the supramolecular architecture.
On the nanosecond proton dynamics in phosphoric acid–benzimidazole and phosphoric acid–water mixtures
Authors: Melchior Jan-Patrick , Frick Bernhard
Published: September 2017

Combining1H-NMR,17O-NMR, and high-resolution backscattering QENS hydrodynamic and structural proton transport in phosphoric acid is separated. The rate limiting steps for structural proton diffusion in mixtures of acid with Brønsted bases are found to occur below the nanosecond timescale.
Hydrogenous spinel γ-alumina structure
Authors: Dong Jinshi , Wang Jun , Shi Lu , Yang Jiaqiang , Wang Jianqiang , Shan Bin , Shen Meiqing
Published: September 2017

A γ-alumina unit cell with two octahedral cationic vacancies and one bulk H inside was preferential in terms of calculated Gibbs energy.
Knudsen cell studies of the uptake of gaseous ammonia and amines onto C3–C7 solid dicarboxylic acids
Authors: Fairhurst Michelle C. , Ezell Michael J. , Finlayson-Pitts Barbara J.
Published: September 2017

While atmospheric particles affect health, visibility and climate, the details governing their formation and growth are poorly understood on a molecular level.
Ultrathin gold film modified optical properties of excitons in monolayer MoS2
Authors: Yi Jia Guang , Zhang Qiang , Xian Huang Zhen , Bin Huang Shu , Xu Jing
Published: September 2017

The incident angle for maximum C excitonic absorption deviates from the SPR angle due to the ultrathin-gold-film-induced optical scattering.
Low-temperature FTIR spectroscopy provides evidence for protein-bound water molecules in eubacterial light-driven ion pumps
Authors: Nomura Yurika , Ito Shota , Teranishi Miwako , Ono Hikaru , Inoue Keiichi , Kandori Hideki
Published: September 2017

The present FTIR study showed that eubacterial light-driven H+, Na+ and Cl− pump rhodopsins contain strongly hydrogen-bonded water molecule, the functional determinant of light-driven proton pump. This explains well the asymmetric functional conversions of light-driven ion pumps.
Mutual interference of Cu and Zn ions in Alzheimer's disease: perspectives at the molecular level
Authors: Atrián-Blasco Elena , Conte-Daban Amandine , Hureau Christelle
Published: September 2017

While metal ions such as copper and zinc are essential in biology, they are also linked to several amyloid-related diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD).
An unsymmetric cisplatin-based Pt(iv) derivative containing 2-(2-propynyl)octanoate: a very efficient multi-action antitumor prodrug candidate
Authors: Gabano Elisabetta , Ravera Mauro , Zanellato Ilaria , Tinello Stefano , Gallina Andrea , Rangone Beatrice , Gandin Valentina , Marzano Cristina , Bottone Maria Grazia , Osella Domenico
Published: September 2017

The assembly of cisplatin and the histone deacetylase inhibitor 2-(2-propynyl)octanoate affords a Pt(iv) multi-action anticancer prodrug.
The crystalline α,ω-dicarboxylate metal complex with the longest aliphatic chain to date: uranyl 1,15-pentadecanedioate
Authors: Thuéry Pierre , Harrowfield Jack
Published: September 2017

A bilayer 2D network is formed in uranyl 1,15-pentadecanedioate, different from the species obtained with related ligands and bulkier counterions.
A zirconium metal–organic framework with an exceptionally high volumetric surface area
Authors: Stewart Larissa , Lu Weigang , Wei Zhang-Wen , Ila Daryush , Padilla Carla , Zhou Hong-Cai
Published: September 2017

A highly stable Zr(iv)-based metal–organic framework with an exceptionally high volumetric surface area.
Construction of (3,6)-connected polyoxometalate-based metal–organic frameworks (POMOFs) from triangular carboxylate and dimerized Zn4-ε-Keggin
Authors: Dong Bao-Xia , Chen Hua-Bo , Wu Yi-Chen , Zhao Juan , Teng Yun-Lei , Liu Wen-Long , Li Zong-Wei
Published: September 2017

The methodology of extension of reduced transition metal-grafted ε-Keggin polyoxoanions with two types of terphenyl-based tricarboxylates was used to isolate two (3,6)-connected 3D POMOFs.
Colloidal nano-toolbox for molecularly regulated polymerization: chemorheology over 6 decades of viscoelasticity
Authors: Sheikhi Amir , Yang Han , Carreau Pierre J. , van de Ven Theo G. M.
Published: September 2017

A universal colloidal approach to gain control over molecular interactions among activated, ready-to-react monomers has been proposed.
Oxygen evolution on Fe-doped NiO electrocatalysts deposited via microplasma
Authors: Pebley Andrew C. , Decolvenaere Elizabeth , Pollock Tresa M. , Gordon Michael J.
Published: September 2017

The oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in alkaline media was investigated on nanostructured Fe2O3, NiO, and Ni1−xFexO (Fe-doped, rocksalt NiO,x= 0.05–0.19) electrocatalysts depositedviamicroplasma on indium tin oxide.
Bismuth oxyiodide coupled with bismuth nanodots for enhanced photocatalytic bisphenol A degradation: synergistic effects and mechanistic insight
Authors: Luo Shunqin , Xu Jinjia , Li Zijing , Liu Chen , Chen Jiawei , Min Xin , Fang Minghao , Huang Zhaohui
Published: September 2017

Oxygen defects and acceleration of photoinduced charge migration were achieved simultaneously by the fabrication of BiOI with deposited Bi nanodots.
Improved device performances based on Si quantum dot/Si nanowire hetero-structures by inserting an Al2O3 thin layer
Authors: Ji Yang , Zhai Yingying , Yang Huafeng , Liu Jingjing , Shao Wenyi , Xu Jun , Li Wei , Chen Kunji
Published: September 2017

The Al2O3 ultrathin layer is employed to significantly improve the light emitting device performance containing Si quantum dot/Si nanowire hetero-structures.
Unexpected formation of gold nanoflowers by a green synthesis method as agents for a safe and effective photothermal therapy
Authors: Yang Da-Peng , Liu Xuan , Teng Choon Peng , Owh Cally , Win Khin Yin , Lin Ming , Loh Xian Jun , Wu Yun-Long , Li Zibiao , Ye Enyi
Published: September 2017

A green synthesis of gold nanoflowers with photothermal therapeutic potential was achieved by using star fruit juice and gold chloride.
Computational characterization of the mechanism for the light-driven catalytic trichloromethylation of acylpyridines
Authors: Fernandez-Alvarez Victor M. , Maseras Feliu
Published: September 2017

DFT and DFT/MM calculations are applied to a photocatalytic enantioselective reaction and shown to be able to characterize the mechanism.
On the regiochemical differences between Pd-catalyzed heterocyclization–allylation and –arylation reactions of alkynylbenzamides: preparation of 4-allyl-isochromen-1-imines and computational study
Authors: Álvarez Rosana , Vilar Unai , Madich Youssef , Aurrecoechea José M.
Published: September 2017

The divergent regioselectivity of allylation and arylation of 2-alkynylbenzamides under Pd(0)-catalyzed conditions is studied with the aid of DFT calculations.
ESIPT-induced fluorescent o-hydroxycinnamate: a self-monitoring phototrigger for prompt image-guided uncaging of alcohols
Authors: Paul Amrita , Mengji Rakesh , Chandy Olive Abraham , Nandi Surajit , Bera Manoranjan , Jana Avijit , Anoop Anakuthil , Singh N. D. Pradeep
Published: September 2017

An ESIPT-induced fluorescent o-hydroxycinnamate phototrigger having large Stokes’ shifted emission exhibited “image-guided” uncaging of alcohols with “self-monitoring” via fluorescence colour change.
Mechanism of supplemental activator and reducing agent atom transfer radical polymerization mediated by inorganic sulfites: experimental measurements and kinetic simulations
Authors: Krys Pawel , Fantin Marco , Mendonça Patrícia V. , Abreu Carlos M. R. , Guliashvili Tamaz , Rosa Jaquelino , Santos Lino O. , Serra Arménio C. , Matyjaszewski Krzysztof , Coelho Jorge F. J.
Published: September 2017

The mechanism of ATRP mediated by Na2S2O4, with CuIIBr2/Me6TREN as the catalyst in ethanol/water mixtures, was investigated experimentally and by kinetic simulations.
Investigation of redox switchable titanium and zirconium catalysts for the ring opening polymerization of cyclic esters and epoxides
Authors: Lowe Miranda Y. , Shu Sisheng , Quan Stephanie M. , Diaconescu Paula L.
Published: September 2017

The synthesis and characterization of (thiolfan*)Zr(OtBu)2 (thiolfan* = 1,1′-di(2,4-di-tert-butyl-6-thiophenoxide)ferrocene) is reported, as well as its activity toward the ring-opening polymerizations of l-lactide and ε-caprolactone.
A highly selective and sensitive Zn(ii) coordination polymer luminescent sensor for Al3+and NACs in the aqueous phase
Authors: Zhang Xiao , Luo Xuan , Zhang Nanxi , Wu Jie , Huang Yong-Qing
Published: September 2017

A novel coordination polymer Zn(DMA)(TBA) (1) (H2TBA = 4-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)-benzoic acid) features a unique two-dimensional (2D) network structure, exhibiting excellent luminescence and good stability in both water and other organic solvents.
The regioselective synthesis of 2-phosphinoylindoles via Rh(iii)-catalyzed C–H activation
Authors: Wang Huanan , Li Shuaiqi , Wang Baiquan , Li Bin
Published: September 2017

A step-economical route for the synthesis of 2-phosphinoylindoles via the Rh(iii)-catalyzed redox-neutral annulation of N-nitrosoanilines with 1-alkynylphosphine oxides was developed.
Where does Au coordinate to N-(2-pyridiyl)benzotriazole: gold-catalyzed chemoselective dehydrogenation and borrowing hydrogen reactions
Authors: Huang Ronghui , Yang Yongchun , Wang Duo-Sheng , Zhang Liang , Wang Dawei
Published: September 2017

Pyridyltriazole gold(i) complexes proved to be an efficient precatalyst for the most challenging gold-catalyzed borrowing hydrogen reaction and dehydrogenation of alcohols and amines.
Morphological analysis of cerium oxide stabilized nanoporous gold catalysts by soft X-ray ASAXS
Authors: Rumancev C. , von Gundlach A. R. , Baier S. , Wittstock A. , Shi J. , Benzi F. , Senkbeil T. , Stuhr S. , Garamusx V. M. , Grunwaldt J.-D. , Rosenhahn A.
Published: September 2017

Soft X-ray SAXS and ASAXS reveal nanostructural properties and temperature induced morphological changes in catalyst materials. The stabilizing effect of cerium oxide deposits on the gold catalyst and the morphological properties of the cerium oxide were determined.
Fruit bromelain ameliorates rat constipation induced by loperamide
Authors: Zhou Zijuan , Wang Liang , Xu Ming , Yin Lianhong , Yang Fang , Hui Simei , Yi Yanlin , Feng Panpan , Wang Jingyu , Lin Yuan , Peng Jinyong , Chen Dapeng
Published: September 2017

Fruit bromelain ameliorates rat constipation. MLCK, myosin light chain kinase;p-MLC20, phosphorylation of 20 kDa myosin light chain.
1H NMR metabolomic signatures related to giant cell tumor of the bone
Authors: Martínez-López Francisco Javier , Bañuelos-Hernández Angel E. , Becerra-Martínez Elvia , Santini-Araujo Eduardo , Amaya-Zepeda Ruben A. , Pérez-Hernández Elizabeth , Pérez-Hernández Nury
Published: September 2017

1H NMR metabolomic profiling for giant cell tumor of the bone.
Super-hydrophobic powders obtained by froth flotation: properties and applications
Authors: Chevalier Nicolas R.
Published: September 2017

Super-hydrophobic materials offer a wide range of industrially relevant applications such as water-repellent construction materials, surface or textile coatings and oil sorbents.
Preparation of electrolyzed oxidizing water with a platinum electrode prepared by magnetron sputtering technique
Authors: Wei Shaonan , Shi Liubin , Ren Zhandong , Zhang Ailian , Ming Ruoxi , Chai Bo , Zhu Yuchan
Published: September 2017

EO water has the maximum value of available chlorine content when prepared by the Pt-MS electrode due to its good selectivity for CER.
Passivation of high aspect ratio silicon nanowires by using catalytic chemical vapor deposition for radial heterojunction solar cell application
Authors: Dong Gangqiang , Zhou Yurong , Zhang Hailong , Liu Fengzhen , Li Guangyi , Zhu Meifang
Published: September 2017

High aspect ratio silicon nanowires (SiNWs) prepared by metal-assisted chemical etching were passivated by using catalytic chemical vapor deposition (Cat-CVD).
Improved performance of hole-transporting layer-free perovskite solar cells by using graphene oxide sheets as the nucleation centers
Authors: Sun Xue , Lin Tong , Song Qiaogang , Fu Yue , Wang Ye , Jin Fangming , Zhao Haifeng , Li Wenlian , Su Zisheng , Chu Bei
Published: September 2017

Graphene oxide sheets (GOSs) are introduced between indium tin oxide (ITO) and CH3NH3PbI3 in inverted hole-transport layer-free planar heterojunction perovskite solar cells.
Mitigation of acid corrosion on carbon steel by novel pyrazolone derivatives
Authors: Deyab M. A. , Fouda A. S. , Osman M. M. , Abdel-Fattah S.
Published: September 2017

For the corrosion of carbon steel in 1.0 M HCl solution, the new pyrazolone derivatives (PY1 and PY2) have been identified as active corrosion inhibitors.
Three dimensional Ni1+xFe2−xS4-graphene-2D-MoSe2 as an efficient material for supercapacitors
Authors: Tang Xiao-Feng , Yang Zhen-Guo , Liang Jia-Hui
Published: September 2017

A ternary Ni1+xFe2−xS4-graphene-2D-MoSe2 (Ni1+xFe2−xS4-g-MoSe2) nanocomposite was designed and fabricated through a facile two-step method.
Synthesis of a poly(Gd(iii)-DOTA)–PNA conjugate as a potential MRI contrast agent via post-synthetic click chemistry functionalization
Authors: Wang Xiaoxiao , Milne Mark , Martínez Francisco , Scholl Timothy J. , Hudson Robert H. E.
Published: September 2017

An operationally easy method provides poly(Gd3+chelate) PNA conjugates that form comb-like complexes with poly(rA) and demonstrate increased relaxivity.
Comparison of alkene hydrogenation in carbon nanoreactors of different diameters: probing the effects of nanoscale confinement on ruthenium nanoparticle catalysis
Authors: Aygün Mehtap , Stoppiello Craig T. , Lebedeva Maria A. , Smith Emily F. , Gimenez-Lopez Maria del Carmen , Khlobystov Andrei N. , Chamberlain Thomas W.
Published: September 2017

Exploratory, competitive hydrogenation reactions reveal the optimum level of confinement to control chemical reactions.
Enhanced electrocatalytic performance of Pt nanoparticles on triazine-functionalized graphene nanoplatelets for both oxygen and iodine reduction reactions
Authors: Jeon In-Yup , Kweon Do Hyung , Kim Seong-Wook , Shin Sun-Hee , Im Yoon Kwang , Yu Soo-Young , Ju Myung Jong , Baek Jong-Beom
Published: September 2017

Triazine-functionalized graphene nanoplatelets were synthesized for use as platinum nanoparticle supports. The Pt/TfGnP catalyst exhibited high electrocatalytic activity with superb stability for both the ORR and IRR.
Aggregation-induced emission (AIE)-active fluorescent probes with multiple binding sites toward ATP sensing and live cell imaging
Authors: Ma Hengchang , Yang Manyi , Zhang Caili , Ma Yucheng , Qin Yanfang , Lei Ziqiang , Chang Lu , Lei Lei , Wang Tao , Yang Yuan
Published: September 2017

Herein, we report a set of novel AIE-active fluorescent probes containing pyridiniums and boric acid groups with the applications of ATP recognition and specific tracking of different cell organelles.
Resistive switching in MoSe2/BaTiO3 hybrid structures
Authors: Silva J. P. B. , Almeida Marques C. , Moreira J. Agostinho , Conde O.
Published: September 2017

Here we study the resistive switching (RS) effect that emerges when ferroelectric BaTiO3 (BTO) and few-layer MoSe2 are combined in a single structure.
One-step synthesis of a monolayer of monodisperse gold nanocubes for SERS substrates
Authors: Omar Rana , En Naciri Aotmane , Jradi Safi , Battie Yann , Toufaily Joumana , Mortada Hussein , Akil Suzanna
Published: September 2017

Here, we report for the first time a facile and fast one-step strategy to fabricate monodisperse gold nanocubes (GNCs) by spin-coating a gold precursor-loaded PMMA dispersion on N-doped silicon.
First-principles prediction of Tl/SiC for valleytronics
Authors: Xu Zhen , Zhang Qingyun , Shen Qian , Cheng Yingchun , Schwingenschlögl Udo , Huang Wei
Published: September 2017

We demonstrate by first-principles calculations that monolayer Tl can be grown on SiC. Our study shows that the Tl/SiC system is promising for valleytronic applications.
The spliceosomal proteins PPIH and PRPF4 exhibit bi-partite binding
Authors: Rajiv Caroline , Jackson S. RaElle , Cocklin Simon , Eisenmesser Elan Z. , Davis Tara L.
Published: September 2017

Pre-mRNA splicing is a dynamic, multistep process that is catalyzed by the RNA (ribonucleic acid)–protein complex called the spliceosome. The spliceosome contains a core set of RNAs and proteins that are conserved in all organisms that perform splicing. In higher organisms, peptidyl-prolyl isomerase H (PPIH) directly interacts with the core protein pre-mRNA processing factor 4 (PRPF4) and both integrate into the pre-catalytic spliceosome as part of the tri-snRNP (small nuclear RNA–protein complex) subcomplex. As a first step to understand the protein interactions that dictate PPIH and PRPF4 function, we expressed and purified soluble forms of each protein and formed a complex between them. We found two sites of interaction between PPIH and the N-terminus of PRPF4, an unexpected result. The N-terminus of PRPF4 is an intrinsically disordered region and does not adopt secondary structure in the presence of PPIH. In the absence of an atomic resolution structure, we used mutational analysis to identify point mutations that uncouple these two binding sites and find that mutations in both sites are necessary to break up the complex. A discussion of how this bipartite interaction between PPIH and PRPF4 may modulate spliceosomal function is included.
Ubiquitin recognition of BAP1: understanding its enzymatic function
Authors: Hanpude Pranita , Bhattacharya Sushmita , Kumar Singh Abhishek , Kanti Maiti Tushar
Published: September 2017

BRCA1-associated protein 1 (BAP1) is a nuclear localizing UCH, having tumor suppressor activity and is widely involved in many crucial cellular processes. BAP1 has garnered attention for its links with cancer, however, the molecular mechanism in the regulation of cancer by BAP1 has not been established. Amongst the four UCHs, only BAP1 and UCHL5 are able to hydrolyze small and large ubiquitin adducts but UCHL5 hydrolyzes only when it is present in the PA700 complex of the proteasome. The ability of BAP1 to cleave large ubiquitin derivatives is because of its relatively longer active-site crossover loop than other UCHs. The mechanism of ubiquitin recognition has not been studied for BAP1. The comparative enzymatic analysis of ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCHL1), ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L3 (UCHL3), ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L5 (UCHL5N), and BAP1N has confirmed that enzymatically BAP1 is similar to UCHL5, which corroborates with the bioinformatics analysis done earlier. We have undertaken extensive mutational approaches to gain mechanistic insight into BAP1–ubiquitin interaction. Based on the homology-modeled BAP1 structure, we have identified a few BAP1 residues which possibly play a crucial role in ubiquitin interaction of which a few mutations have been identified in many cancers. Our comparative thermodynamic analysis reveals that BAP1–ubiquitin interaction is majorly driven by entropy factor which is unique amongst UCHs. Our study sheds light on BAP1 interaction with ubiquitin, which will be useful in understanding its enzymatic function.
Sulphur dioxide suppresses inflammatory response by sulphenylating NF-κB p65 at Cys38 in a rat model of acute lung injury
Authors: Chen Siyao , Huang Yaqian , Liu Zhiwei , Yu Wen , Zhang Heng , Li Kun , Yu Xiaoqi , Tang Chaoshu , Zhao Bin , Du Junbao , Jin Hongfang
Published: September 2017

The present study was designed to investigate whether endogenous sulphur dioxide (SO2) controlled pulmonary inflammation in a rat model of oleic acid (OA)-induced acute lung injury (ALI). In this model, adenovirus expressing aspartate aminotransferase (AAT) 1 was delivered to the lungs, and the levels of SO2 and proinflammatory cytokines in rat lung tissues were measured. In the human alveolar epithelial cell line A549, the nuclear translocation and DNA binding activities of wild-type (wt) and C38S (cysteine-to-serine mutation at p65 Cys38) NF-κB p65 were detected. GFP-tagged C38S p65 was purified from HEK 293 cells and the sulphenylation of NF-κB p65 was studied. OA caused a reduction in SO2/AAT pathway activity but increased pulmonary inflammation and ALI. However, either the presence of SO2 donor, a combination of Na2SO3 and NaHSO3, or AAT1 overexpression in vivo successfully blocked OA-induced pulmonary NF-κB p65 phosphorylation and consequent inflammation and ALI. Either treatment with an SO2 donor or overexpression of AAT1 down-regulated OA-induced p65 activity, but AAT1 knockdown in alveolar epithelial cells mimicked OA-induced p65 phosphorylation and inflammation in vitro. Mechanistically, OA promoted NF-κB nuclear translocation, DNA binding activity, recruitment to the intercellular cell adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 promoter, and consequent inflammation in epithelial cells; these activities were reduced in the presence of an SO2 donor. Furthermore, SO2 induced sulphenylation of p65, which was blocked by the C38S mutation on p65 in epithelial cells. Hence, down-regulation of SO2/AAT is involved in pulmonary inflammation during ALI. Furthermore, SO2 suppressed inflammation by sulphenylating NF-κB p65 at Cys38.
Trimmed sparse coding for robust face recognition
Authors: Dong Boxiang , Mi Jian‐xun
Published: September 2017

In sparse representation (SR), a test image is encoded by a sparse linear combination of training samples. The L1‐regulariser used in SR is beneficial to produce a good reconstruction of the test face image with sparse error, but it is incapable to guarantee the robustness against local structural noise. To enhance noise tolerance of SR‐based classifier, an improved L1‐regulariser based on trimmed sparse coding (TSC) by using an extra penalty on correlation among all coding coefficients is proposed. Different from traditional single‐coding scheme in SR, multiple coding coefficients are used to represent patches of a test image by its corresponding training patches. The consistency penalty imposed into the new SR model improves the confidence for accuracy classification. Experimental results show the superiority of TSC on two benchmark databases, and it outperforms other state‐of‐the‐art methods.
Multiple operating mode ANFIS modelling for speed control of HSEMU
Authors: Fu Yating , Yang Hui , Ding Jinliang
Published: September 2017

High‐speed electric multiple unit (HSEMU) is a complex non‐linear system which runs under three typical operating modes (OMs) including traction, braking, and coasting. With the increasing traffic density of the high‐speed railway, the conventionally manual control strategies may be inapplicable for the HSEMU to maintain a good running performance. To enhance the running performances, in this study, a novel multiple OM (MOM) running model is designed to accurately describe the non‐linear relationship between running speed and controlling force. By utilising the advantages of adaptive neuro‐fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) on non‐linear modelling, this study proposes an MOM‐ANFIS model of HSEMU. On the basis of the established MOM‐ANFIS model, a new speed controller incorporated with OM selection mechanism is designed to achieve speed control of HSEMU followed by a stability analysis of the closed‐loop system. Comparative experimental results using practical running data show that the proposed MOM‐ANFIS model displays better modelling accuracy and the corresponding control strategy achieves improved speed control performances for the HSEMU.
Expelled grains from an unseen parent body around AU Microscopii
Authors: Sezestre É. , Augereau J.-C. , Boccaletti A. , Thébault P.
Published: September 2017

Context. Recent observations of the edge-on debris disk of AU Mic have revealed asymmetric, fast outward-moving arch-like structures above the disk midplane. Although asymmetries are frequent in debris disks, no model can readily explain the characteristics of these features.

Aims. We present a model aiming to reproduce the dynamics of these structures, more specifically their high projected speeds and their apparent position. We test the hypothesis of dust emitted by a point source and then expelled from the system by the strong stellar wind of this young M-type star. In this model we make the assumption that the dust grains follow the same dynamics as the structures, i.e., they are not local density enhancements.

Methods. We perform numerical simulations of test particle trajectories to explore the available parameter space, in particular the radial location R0 of the dust producing parent body and the size of the dust grains as parameterized by the value of β (ratio of stellar wind and radiation pressure forces over gravitation). We consider the cases of a static and of an orbiting parent body.

Results. We find that for all considered scenarios (static or moving parent body), there is always a set of (R0,β) parameters able to fit the observed features. The common characteristics of these solutions is that they all require a high value of β, of around 6. This means that the star is probably very active, and the grains composing the structures are submicronic in order for observable grains to reach such high β values. We find that the location of the hypothetical parent body is closer in than the planetesimal belt, around 8 ± 2 au (orbiting case) or 28 ± 7 au (static case). A nearly periodic process of dust emission appears, of 2 yr in the orbiting scenarios and 7 yr in the static case.

Conclusions. We show that the scenario of sequential dust releases by an unseen point-source parent body is able to explain the radial behavior of the observed structures. We predict the evolution of the structures to help future observations discriminate between the different parent body configurations that have been considered. In the orbiting parent body scenario, we expect new structures to appear on the northwest side of the disk in the coming years.
Supercritical Fluid Chromatography in Natural Product Analysis – An Update
Authors: Gibitz Eisath Nora , Sturm Sonja , Stuppner Hermann
Published: September 2017

The wide chemical diversity of natural products has challenged analysts all over the world and has been a driving force for the development of innovative technologies since decades. In the last years, supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) has finally emerged from the shadow of liquid chromatography (LC) and gas chromatography (GC) and has become a powerful tool in modern natural product analysis. Whereas in the past the technique had mainly been restricted to a small group of nonpolar compounds, it has largely expanded its suitability in the last years and has demonstrated possibilities without boundaries. This mini-review, focused on the latest applications, provides a brief update on the current status of SFC in natural product analysis with the aim to demonstrate its applicability for both polar and nonpolar plant constituents. The approaches cover the whole range of polarity, including carotenoids, flavonoids, water-unstable ginkgolides, and even highly polar triterpene saponins with several sugar residues.
Der hypertensive Notfall
Authors: Bönner Gerd
Published: September 2017

Hypertensive urgency and hypertensive emergency are associated with sudden, massive rise in blood pressure. An acute increase in blood pressure to values above 180/120 mmHg is considered critical. If not treated in time, it can quickly enter a life-threatening hypertensive emergency. The symptoms or organ damage determine the assessment as a crisis or an emergency. Rapid action is required. The therapy depends on the severity and the organ involvement. However the general principal is to avoid therapeutically induced hypotension.
Therapieziele bei der Hypertoniebehandlung
Authors: Düsing Rainer
Published: September 2017

The optimal target blood pressure (BP) in the treatment of hypertensive patients remains controversial. Recently, the systolic blood pressure trial (SPRINT) has proposed that a target systolic blood pressure of < 120 mmHg provides prognostic benefit in elderly hypertensive patients at high cardiovascular risk. The results of SPRINT contrast with several other intervention trials which have investigated the effect of intense BP lowering (Secondary Prevention of Small Subcortical Strokes [SPS3], Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes [ACCORD], Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation [HOPE]-3). The differences in outcomes in SPRINT vs. other intervention trials are, to a large extend, due to an "unobserved" BP measurement procedure utilized in the SPRINT trial. Thus, a BP goal of < 120 mmHg, at least by conventional BP measurement, remains unproven. Independent of SPRINT the controversial evidence with respect to BP targets calls for further studies and, possibly, for more individualized treatment goals.