bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Geological and Geomorphologic Conditions and Traces of Prehistoric and Historic Human Settlements in the Vicinity of Ulów (Roztocze Region, Southeastern Poland)
Authors: Rodzik Jan , Niezabitowska-Wiśniewska Barbara , Nitychoruk Jerzy , Budziszewski Janusz , Jakubczak Michał
Published: January 2018

The paper presents determinants of location of the multicultural complex of archaeological sites in the vicinity of Ulów, in the Central Roztocze upland region in south-eastern Poland. Archaeological research revealed that in the area assumed to be devoid of settlements, the settlements of prehistoric and historical communities functioned from the Palaeolithic to modern times. The region was also subjected to environmental examination. Location of sites was analysed, taking into account a convenience of communication in a regional scale and local environmental conditions. Analysis of hydrogeological, geomorphological and soil conditions was carried out, taking into account water supply, communication and the farming development. In-depth analysis included micromorphological DTM (Digital Terrain Model) and geological and soil probing. The area was found to be located on the crossing of prehistoric communication routes the course of which depended on the variability of the physiographic parameters of regions. The functioning of new cultures in the same place resulted from specific local conditions such as: easily arable soils, favourable microclimate, and particularly access to water. The presence of a source of water in a plateau area is determined tectonically (strike-slip fault), lithologically (impermeable marl horizon), and geomorphologically (dissection of the aquifer by an erosion-denudation valley).
Holocene Lake Sediments as a Source of Building Material in Ancient Egypt; Archeometric Evidence from Wadi Tumilat (Nile Delta)
Authors: Zaremba Małgorzata , Trzciński Jerzy , Welc Fabian
Published: January 2018

The Tell el-Retaba archaeological site is located in the middle part of Wadi Tumilat, which extends along the north-eastern margin of the Nile Delta. It contains fragments of fortified and domestic objects of the ancient fortress and other constructions built of mud bricks. The establishment and functioning of the fortress is dated at the times of the reign of two great pharaohs, Ramesses II and Ramesses III (13th and 12th centuries BC). The grain size composition of the sediments used for mud brick production had significant influence on their physical and mechanical properties, which was used by the ancient Egyptians for the improvement of bricks. The finest fractions, clay and silt, which generally comprise clay minerals and organic matter played a significant role. These components significantly influenced the mud brick properties and resulted in a structural cohesion of the material. The second important component of mud bricks were coarse fractions – sand and gravel. The source of material used for brick production were the natural sediments located in the vicinity of the fortress, i.e. the Holocene lake clay and the Pleistocene gravel and sand of the gezira formation, deposited by a braided river. Clay sediments have a variable lithology as can be deduced from grain size composition of mud bricks and their properties. This variability was caused by a variable regime of the Nile, which supplied material to the lake basin. Geological studies were used to recognize ancient environment and morphology of the area, and to find clay, sand and gravel open-pits that existed in the area. The fortress site was selected optimally in relation to the landscape morphology and close vicinity of the source of basic material and water used for mud brick production. The area around the fortress was substantially transformed by humans due to settlement.
The Role of an Integrated Transport System in the Comprehensive, Polycentric Development of Gdańsk Bay Metropolitan Area
Authors: Kamrowska-Załuska Dorota
Published: January 2018

In this paper the role of an Integrated transport system and mobility in the development of Gdańsk Bay Metropolitan Area is discussed, with special emphasis on how it influences the development of comprehensive, polycentric urban structures. The paper consists of an analysis of how the changes, which occurred after the socio-economic transformation shaped the transport system, and as a consequence the spatial structure, of Gdańsk Bay Metropolitan Area. At the beginning of the paper historic, present and future development of integrated transport systems and the urban structure of the metropolis are described and then strategies and proposed solutions are introduced. The last chapter includes conclusions and recommendations for the future role of the integrated transport system in shaping the development of the Gdańsk Bay Metropolitan Area.
Customer Relationship Management Implementation and its Implication to Customer Loyalty in Hospitality Industry
Authors: Hardjono Budiono , San Lai Pooi
Published: January 2018

Building up customer loyalty have become more important to survive in the high competition of hospitality industry. One approach to developing this is by implementing customer relation-ship management (CRM). This study investigates the implication of CRM implementation to-wards customer loyalty in the hospitality industry. The results should assist marketers to recog-nize what determinant factors and dimension of CRM that contribute to building up customer loyalty in the hospitality industry. A purposive survey of 150 respondents of all rated hotels in Malacca, Malaysia was conducted. It is found that there is a significant correlation between customer orientation, CRM organization, and knowledge management towards customer loy-alty while the another dimension of technology-based CRM has no significant effect on this research. The marketer in the hospitality industry should, however, carefully evaluate the nature of customer loyalty regarding any other variables that are not included such as brand image and brand association and some special or unique features in this hospitality industry that should be addressed in the future research.
The Influence of Information Framing towards Investors Reaction in Bullish and Bearish Market Condition: an Experiment
Authors: Rahayu Caecilia Wahyu Estining
Published: January 2018

This research aims to test the reaction of the investors when the investors receive a dividend information presented with positive or negative frames at the same market conditions, either bullish or bearish market conditions. In addition, it also test the reactions of investors when they are in the bullish or bearish market conditions, the investors receive a dividend information with the same frame, both positive and negative frames. The investors reaction is indicated by the magnitude of the stock price prediction on the next day with absolute value. Experimental method is used to test the hypotheses in this research by using independent sample t-test. The results showed that there is an information framing effect to the investors when receiving the information with a positive frame in the bullish market conditions and gain domain effects occur to the investors in the bullish market conditions when the investors receive the information with a positive frame. These results are expected to provide a new insight on the different reactions of investors when receiving the same information.
Pelatihan Keterampilan Otomotif untuk Meningkatkan Kesempatan Kerja di Balai Latihan Kerja Kabupaten Karawang
Authors: Hidayat Dayat
Published: January 2018

Tujuan penelitian ini mengalisis pelaksanaan, hasil dan dampak pelatihan keterampilan otomotif dalam meningkatkan kesempatan kerja di BLK Karawang. Pendekatan penelitian menggunakan kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara dan studi dokumentasi sebagai sumber data triangulasi yang dapat dipertanggungjawabkan keakuratannya serta analisis data menggunakan model interaktif. Subjek penelitian terdiri dari satu orang pengurus BLK, satu orang instruktur dan 3 orang warga belajar. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa pelaksanaan pelatihan keterampilan otomotif dimulai melalui tahap perencanaan, pelaksanaan dan penilaian. Pelatihan keterampilan otomotif merupakan proses transformasi pengetahuan, sikap dan keterampilan otomotif terhadap warga belajar. Hasil pelatihan menunjukkan peningkatan pengetahuan, sikap dan keterampilan otomotif dari warga belajar. Hasil pelatihan mengindikasikan perubahan disposisi atau kemampuan warga belajar pada aspek pengetahuan dan keterampilan di bidang otomotif serta sikap pengembangan usaha mandiri di bidang perbengkelan. Dampak pelatihan keterampilan otomotif menunjukkan terbukanya kesempatan kerja bagi warga belajar di perusahaan otomotif maupun membuka bengkel secara mandiri.
Improving Genomic Prediction in Cassava Field Experiments by Accounting for Interplot Competition
Authors: Elias Ani A , Rabbi Ismail , Kulakow Peter , Jannink Jean-Luc
Published: January 2018

Plants competing for available resources is an unavoidable phenomenon in a field. We conducted studies in cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) in order to understand the pattern of this competition. Taking into account the competitive ability of genotypes while selecting parents for breeding advancement or commercialization can be very useful. We assumed that competition could occur at two levels: (i) the genotypic level, which we call interclonal, and (ii) the plot level irrespective of the type of genotype, which we call interplot competition or competition error. Modification in incidence matrices was applied in order to relate neighboring genotype/plot to the performance of a target genotype/plot with respect to its competitive ability. This was added into a genomic selection (GS) model to simultaneously predict the direct and competitive ability of a genotype. Predictability of the models was tested through a 10-fold cross-validation method repeated five times. The best model was chosen as the one with the lowest prediction root mean squared error (pRMSE) compared to that of the base model having no competitive component. Results from our real data studies indicated that <10% increase in accuracy was achieved with GS-interclonal competition model, but this value reached up to 25% with a GS-competition error model. We also found that the competitive influence of a cassava clone is not just limited to the adjacent neighbors but spreads beyond them. Through simulations, we found that a 26% increase of accuracy in estimating trait genotypic effect can be achieved even in the presence of high competitive variance.
Desigualdad persistente. Un ejercicio con datos de Argentina (1993-2015)
Authors: Paz Jorge
Published: January 2018

Este artículo intenta responder la siguiente pregunta: ¿Por qué persiste una alta desigualdad salarial entre la población masculina adulta en la Argentina, a pesar de la reducción en la desigualdad general que ha tenido lugar durante el periodo 2003-2011? Esto conduce a analizar los determinantes de la desigualdad salarial de los hombres ocupados, así como a evaluar las brechas entre grupos que no lograron cerrarse y permanecen como rasgo estructural del mercado laboral. Se usaron datos de los años 1993, 2002 y 2015, a los que se aplicaron técnicas de microdescomposición y microsimulación, lo que permitió determinar la importancia de cada determinante en la distribución de los ingresos del trabajo.
DINAMIKA POPULASI LOBSTER PASIR (Panulirus homarus Linnaeus, 1758) DI PERAIRAN PALABUHANRATU, JAWA BARAT
Authors: Zairion Zairion , Islamiati Nefi , Wardiatno Yusli , Mashar Ali , Wahyudin Rudi Alek , Hakim Agus Alim
Published: January 2018

Dinamika populasi merupakan aspek penting sebagai dasar pengelolaan perikanan dan informasi tentang aspek tersebut pada lobster pasir masih minim di perairan Palabuhanratu. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengkaji aspek pertumbuhan, pola rekrutmen, mortalitas dan laju eksploitasi lobster pasir (Panulirus homarus) di perairan Palabuhanratu. Penelitian ini dilakukan periode Juni 2015-Mei 2016 dengan metode sensus. Lobster pasir hasil tangkapan jaring insang dasar dengan jumlah total sampel 483 ekor mempunyai panjang karapas antara 28-100 mm. Pola pertumbuhan berdasarkan hasil regresi linear memperlihatkan allometrik negatif. Hasil analisis menggunakan metode ELEFAN I (Electronic Length Frequency Analysis) menunjukan koefisien pertumbuhan lobster pasir jantan (K = 0,29 per tahun), lebih kecil dibandingkan dengan betina (K = 0,40 per tahun). Rekrutmen terindikasi dua puncak dalam setahun: yaitu pada Februari-Mei dan September-Oktober). Laju mortalitaskarena penangkapan (F) mencapai 1,9-2,2 kali laju mortalitas alami (M). Nilai Lc<Lrmemperlihatkan lobster pasir sudah tertangkap sebelum mencapaiukuran rata-rata mengerami telur atau ukuran kematangan reproduktif. Laju eksploitasi lobster pasir mencapai 32-38% di atas laju eksploitasi optimum, sehingga lobster pasir sudah mengalamieksploitasi yang berlebih.Population dynamics is an important aspect as basic of fisheries management and little information of this aspect for spiny lobster fishery in Pelabuhanratu waters. This research aims to evaluate of growth aspects, recruitment pattern, mortality, and exploitation rate of scalloped spiny lobster (Panulirus homarus) in Palabuhanratu waters. This research was conducted in June 2015 until May 2016 using census method. The size of P. homarus captured using bottom gill-net with total sample 483 specimen was between 28-100 mm carapace lengths (CL). Linear regression showed that growth pattern was negative allometric. The growth coefficient of male (K = 0.29 per year) was found smaller than female (K = 0.40 per year) based on ELEFAN I (Electronic Length Frequency Analysis) method. Recruitment seems to be accrued twice peaks a year (February to May and September to October) and the highest was at February to May. Fishing mortality (F) reached 1.9 to 2.2 times of natural mortality (M). The LcÂLr value showed that female has been caught before reached the average size of bearing eggs or reproductive maturity size. The exploitation rate of spiny lobsters reaches 32-38% above optimum level. This study suggests that the spiny lobster fishery in Palabuhanratu in the state of overexploitation.
Different Histories of the Present: On the Spanish Reception of Michel Foucault's Surveiller et Punir and the Issue of Political Prisoners
Authors: Herrmann Lucia
Published: January 2018

In the mid-1970s Foucault's work on the birth of the prison entered contemporary debates about the prison in Spain in various instances. Reading Foucault's writings and their Spanish reception next to each other, it becomes clear that one question central to the Spanish prison debates at the time was hardly mentioned in Surveiller et Punir: namely, the relationship between political and non-political prisoners. After a brief contextualization of Spanish prison debates in the 1970s and their reference to Foucault's work, this paper first outlines in what way the issue of political prisoners was (in the Spanish case) or was not (in Foucault's prison study) discussed and why. Based on this comparison the paper clarifies the link between past and present in Foucault's approach of a "history of the present." It then draws on an interview where Foucault did reflect on the issue of prisoner categories and concludes with a suggestion for productively using Foucault's methods as tools to analyze historically changing debates about the issue of political prisoners as a history of contingent problematizations.
Ocorrência de eventos adversos em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neopediátrica: qualidade assistencial de enfermagem
Authors: Silva Carolina Barbosa , Da Silva Deisi Gomes , Carvalho Larissa Luft , Goulart Cássia Da Luz , Da Silva Andréa Lúcia Gonçalves , Angri Daniela
Published: January 2018

Justificativa e objetivo: O avanço tecnológico possibilitou a criação de novas especialidades na saúde e grande evolução dos cuidados médicos e de enfermagem. Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar ocorrência de eventos adversos (EAs) em uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva

Neopediátrica e relacioná-los com a vulnerabilidade as quais estes pacientes estão expostos. Métodos: Estudo epidemiológico transversal realizado por meio de busca ativa em registros de Enfermagem da Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal/Pediátrica de um Hospital de Ensino localizado na cidade de Santa Cruz do Sul, durante o ano de 2014. A coleta de dados foi realizada diariamente através dos prontuários onde coletamos mês e quantidade de internações, idade do neonato (em semanas) ou pediátrico (em anos) e os EAs de cada paciente. Resultados: No período de janeiro a dezembro de 2014, na UTI Neonatal/Pediátrica, foram internados 190 neonatos, dos quais a taxa de permanência foi de 0,52 pacientes/dia, houve ocorrência de 73 EAs principalmente nos meses de janeiro e junho, ambos com 10 casos (13,7%). Quanto ao tipo de EA mais frequente, destaca-se a perda de PICC 18 ocorrências (25%), bem como a Flebite com 12 ocorrências (16%). Conclusão: Encontramos uma elevada taxa de EAs, sendo a PICC e a flebite as mais prevalentes na UTI Neonatal/Pediátrica.

DESCRITORES: Gestão de riscos. Neonatologia. Gestão de qualidade. Indicadores de qualidade em assistência à saúde.
Emergência de resistência antimicrobiana em Klebsiella spp. em município do interior do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
Authors: Tessmann Beatriz Adriana , Caballero Paula Alencastro , Martins Andreza Francisco , Perez Vinícius Pieta
Published: January 2018

Justificativa e Objetivos: Infecções por Klebsiella spp. multirresistentes têm sido relatadas globalmente em decorrência da capacidade de aquisição de diversos mecanismos de resistência e rápida propagação destes microrganismos. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi descrever a variação do perfil de suscetibilidade aos antimicrobianos de Klebsiella spp. em um hospital no interior do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Métodos: Foram incluídos todos os casos de pacientes com culturas de urina,

hemoculturas ou culturas de secreções positiva para Klebsiella spp. entre os anos de 2014 e 2015. Os dados das culturas microbiológicas e dos prontuários médicos foram revisados sendo coletadas as seguintes variáveis, idade, sexo, data, sítio anatômico de isolamento, origem, e resultados do teste de suscetibilidade aos antimicrobianos.

Resultados: Durante o período ocorreram 42 casos, sendo 57% de culturas do trato urinário, seguido de secreções 38% e infecções de corrente sanguínea 5%. Foram observadas resistências em 81% dos isolados, e multirresistência em 62%. No período houve significativa redução da suscetibilidade para a classe dos β-lactâmicos,

principalmente cefalosporinas e carbapenêmicos, aminoglicosídeos e tetraciclinas. Conclusão: Os dados obtidos demonstram um significativo aumento da multirresistência aos antimicrobianos na localidade, com destaque para a emergência de resistência aos carbapenêmicos ocorrida no ano de 2015. A ameaça do estabelecimento local destes isolados alerta para a necessidade do contínuo monitoramento e

implementação de medidas de controle de infecção.

DESCRITORES: Klebsiella. Resistência Microbiana a Medicamentos.

Carbapenêmicos. Infecção Hospitalar. Controle de Infecções
Hábito alimentar e perfil sociodemográfico de pacientes com tuberculose pulmonar.
Authors: Frazão Andrea Das Graças Ferreira , Dias Rosa Maria , Sousa Jessica Cordeiro dos Santos , Alberio Carlos Augusto Abreu , Vieira José Luis Fernandes , Souza Givago Da Silva
Published: January 2018

Justificativa e Objetivos: A tuberculose (TB) é uma doença infecciosa que pode ser mais susceptível em pessoas com carências nutricionais. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar marcadores alimentares e sua associação com variáveis sociodemográficas dos pacientes

com TB pulmonar. Métodos: Estudo descritivo do tipo transversal realizado entre 2015 e 2016, em Belém-PA. Foram entrevistados pacientes com TB por meio de um questionário elaborado com base na Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde, com questões sobre variáveis sociodemográficas e marcadores de alimentação saudável. Os dados foram analisados nos programas Epi-Info e Bioestat, a partir dos testes G e Binomial, com nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: Participaram 61 pacientes, a maioria era do sexo masculino (62,2%), faixa etária entre 40-59 anos (42,6%) e nível de escolaridade de 10 a 12 anos de estudo (42,6%). Houve associação estatisticamente significativa para o

consumo dos três marcadores (p
A Disgrace to the Master Race: Colonial Discourse Surrounding the Incarceration of "European" Prisoners within the Colony of Natal towards the End of the Nineteenth and Beginning of the Twentieth Centuries
Authors: Peté Stephen Allister
Published: January 2018

The discourse surrounding the punishment of offenders within a society reveals much about the particular ideological underpinnings of power within that society. Penal discourse within colonial societies is particularly interesting, in that it traces the specific contours of the racist ideologies which characterise those societies. This article is focused upon penal discourse within the Colony of Natal towards the end of the nineteenth and beginning of the twentieth centuries. Within the colony at this time, the race of an offender was becoming increasingly important in determining the type of punishment, treatment and training considered appropriate for that offender. This article is focused - in particular - upon the discourse surrounding the punishment of ‘European’ offenders in colonial Natal. It is submitted that the punishment of these offenders raised all sorts of ideological problems for the colonists, since the offenders in question were members of the white 'master race'. The following central themes within the colonial penal discourse of the time are discussed: first, the role that 'shame' and 'degradation' were considered to play in the punishment of white - but not black - prisoners; second, the perceived need to train white - but not black - prisoners in skilled work, to enable white prisoners to find employment upon leaving prison; and, third, the perceived need to keep white - but not black - prisoners out of the public gaze, in particular avoiding situations in which white prisoners could be seen being punished alongside black prisoners and subject to the control of black prison guards. Examining the precise contours of the penal ideology which underpinned the punishment of offenders in colonial Natal, may be useful in understanding certain of the foundations of racist penal thinking during subsequent periods of South African history, including the notorious apartheid era.
The BRICS-Lawyers' Guide to Global Cooperation
Authors: Sucker Franziska
Published: January 2018

This contribution reviews the book "The BRICS-Lawyers' Guide to Global Cooperation" authored by Rostam J Neuwirth, Aexandr Svetlicinii and Denis De Castro Halis published by Cambridge University Press in 2017.
Emerging horizons in anaesthetic practice: a pharmacological update
Authors: Codi R. Sudar , Manimekalai K.
Published: January 2018

Anesthesiologists are in search for new drugs possessing properties like rapid onset of action, minimal residual effects, better hemodynamic stability, organ independent metabolism and cost effective. Structural alterations of the currently available compounds or newer formulations of the older ones or newer anaesthetic drug delivery system will be an useful alternative to newer discovery by reducing the cost and time. Tapentadol is a centrally acting µ opioid receptor (MOR) agonist with selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibition, approved by US FDA for treating moderate to severe acute pain in adults more than 18 years of age. Sugammadex, a novel selective relaxant binding agent to reverse steroidal neuromuscular blockers is recently approved by the European Union. Gantacurium, a rapid and ultra short acting non depolarizing neuromuscular blocker, inactivated rapidly by the adduction of non essential amino acid cysteine to the gantacurium molecule is in clinical trials. Remimazolam is a new drug in clinical trials that has a rapid onset of action like midazolam and is metabolized by non specific tissue esterases like remifentanil and expected to have a promising future. Liposomal Bupivacaine is approved by FDA in October 2011 that uses bupivacaine in liposomal vesicles to extend the duration of analgesia upto 72 hours and reduces the opioid use in the post operative period. Methoxy carbonyl carboetomidate is in clinical trials that combines the advantages of MOC etomidate and carboetomidate. Hence anaesthesiology is marching towards a bright pathway with new soft drugs coming up making not only anaesthesiology soft but also pharmacology.
Study of drug utilization pattern and adverse drug reactions of psychotropic drugs in psychiatric inpatient department of tertiary care hospital
Authors: Gurung Aruna , Jaju Jugalkishore B. , Pawar Ganesh R. , Dharmadhikari Shrikant C. , Solunke Rajvardhan R.
Published: January 2018

Background: Mental disorders are now widely recognized as a major contributor to the global burden of disease. The drug use in psychiatric illness is a complex process and because of this the optimal benefits of drug therapy in patient care is not achieved. This often leads to increased cost of medical care, drug resistance, adverse effects and patient mortality. Hence, this study is undertaken to study the drug utilization pattern and adverse drug reactions of psychotropic drugs in psychiatric inpatient department of a tertiary care hospital.Methods: A prospective, observational study was undertaken from 1st February 2015 to 31st July 2016. A total of 250 prescriptions were analysed. Defined daily dose of the drugs were calculated. ADR’s were recorded in the format of the National Pharmacovigilance Programme of India (PvPI).Results: In 250 prescriptions most, common drug prescribed was antipsychotics (48.5%). Total drug utilization in terms of DDD/100 bed days was 669. The total number of adverse drug reactions observed was 8%. Antipsychotics were the most common class of psychotropic drugs causing ADR’s.Conclusions: In conclusion, it has been found that the psychotropic drugs used in our psychiatry department was rational and was based on clinical knowledge, expertise and the guidelines available in the field of psychiatric practice.
Platelet rich plasma in treatment of chronic non healing ulcers: a study of ten cases
Authors: Deshmukh Nitika S. , Belgaumkar Vasudha A. , Tolat Sunil N. , Chavan R. B. , Vamja Chirag J.
Published: January 2018

Background: Platelet rich plasma (PRP) helps tissue re-modulation by its growth factors (GFs)– platelet derived growth factor (PDGF), transforming growth factor (TGF-β), epidermal growth factor (EGF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF-2), insulin-like growth factor (IGF). These GFs aid healing by attracting undifferentiated stem cells into newly formed matrix and triggering cell division; by promoting capillary growth and by attracting macrophages to improve tissue healing and regeneration. The aims and objectives of the study were to assess reduction in wound size of chronic non-healing ulcers by autologous platelet rich plasma and to evaluate the safety of autologous platelet rich plasma in treatment of chronic non healing ulcers.

Methods: This was an experimental study conducted on ten patients of chronic non-healing ulcers of varied etiology. Autologous PRP was freshly prepared using 10 ml of patient’s own blood by differential centrifugation process and injected at the margins and base of each ulcer. Four such sittings were administered at weekly intervals for four weeks with a post-treatment follow-up period of one month. Total duration of our study was 8 weeks. Objective assessment of ulcer size was done using centimetre scale and documented by digital photographs.

Results: While 40% of chronic ulcers healed completely, the remaining 60% cases showed signs of healing at the end of 8 weeks. Mean improvement in ulcer size was 69.38% over a period of 8 weeks. No side effect was encountered in any of our cases.

Conclusions: Platelet rich plasma hastened the healing process of chronic non-healing ulcers. Being autologous, it has rare chances of hypersensitivity reactions. 
Desnutrición infantil: perspectivas desde la bioética
Authors: Rodríguez Escobar Gilma
Published: January 2018

En este artículo se analizan y critican algunos conceptos sobre la desnutrición infantil, que han orientado las intervenciones para medir su magnitud y ofrecer tratamientos. Desde diferentes perspectivas de la bioética, se propone un nuevo concepto de la desnutrición infantil como un problema político causado por el egoísmo y la corrupción humana, que les roba el presente y el futuro a muchos niños.

La información se obtuvo de diferentes fuentes y se organizó desde varias propuestas de la bioética “principialista” estadounidense, algunos principios formulados desde Europa, y la mirada de la Declaración Universal de Bioética y Derechos Humanos, con énfasis en el derecho a la alimentación, solicitada a los Estados.

Esta mirada busca pensar, sentir, investigar, interpretar y actuar en la prevención de este fenómeno desde la demanda de honestidad y ética a los políticos que toman las decisiones.
La alimentación colectiva en grandes eventos deportivos: experiencias y reflexiones del desempeño del nutricionista en los servicios de alimentación de los Juegos Olímpicos y Paralímpicos, Río 2016
Authors: Ferreira-Coelho Isabela , Quintero-Barrantes Katherin
Published: January 2018

Los Juegos Olímpicos y Paralímpicos, de los mayores eventos deportivos del mundo, demandan gran planificación, y eso involucra los servicios de alimentación. Los Juegos Olímpicos y Paralímpicos, Río 2016, fueron los eventos deportivos más grandes de Brasil, por ello, fue de fundamental importancia crear una estructura que pudiera atender a las diversas necesidades.

El sector de alimentos y bebidas tenía como objetivo atender atletas, oficiales técnicos, familia olímpica y paralímpica, prensa, fuerza de trabajo y espectadores. El servicio siguió estándares internacionales, respetando los contratos firmados y los protocolos. El sector de alimentos y bebidas fue ampliamente planeado; la gestión fue realizada por un equipo exclusivo, formado por profesionales de diversas nacionalidades y con experiencia en eventos deportivos internacionales. La selección para la formación de este sector fue minuciosa y, a continuación, se realizaron entrenamientos teóricos y prácticos con los seleccionados, considerando las tareas de cada cargo. Se desarrollaron materiales y métodos exclusivos para el sector de alimentación, como el KPI (Key Performance Indicator), las listas de verificación y el sistema de seguridad alimentaria (Food Safet y), por ejemplo.

Los Juegos Olímpicos y Paralímpicos, Río 2016, dejaron un legado para el sector de alimentos y bebidas en Brasil: mayor capacitación de profesionales, modelos de crecimiento para el sector, excelencia en la prestación de los servicios propuestos e incentivos para que haya más conexiones nacionales e internacionales en grandes eventos.
Estrategias de atención alimentaria en desastres, experiencia en Chile
Authors: Hermosilla Valenzuela Cristián
Published: January 2018

En esta última década, Chile ha estado sometido a un sinnúmero de catástrofes naturales, entre las cuales se destacan el terremoto del 2010, la erupción del volcán Chaitén y los incendios forestales del 2016 en la zona central, entre otros. La Fuerza Aérea de Chile es una de las instituciones que hacen parte del Plan Nacional de Protección Civil, por lo que debe poseer estrategias de atención en alimentación que permitan sostener al personal involucrado en esta actividad de la mejor forma posible. Para generar las estrategias adecuadas, es necesario tener presente que en la etapa de preparación (preemergencia) del ciclo metodológico del desastre, se deben hacer las apreciaciones necesarias respecto a cómo operar en caso de emergencias. Este proceso contempla resolver una cantidad importante de requisitos que permitan decidir cuál es la mejor forma de operar en estas situaciones de contingencia. Entre los requisitos, se pueden destacar el objetivo del servicio, el tipo de desastre, el personal y su capacitación, la infraestructura, las maquinarias y equipos, los servicios básicos y la logística. Una vez dilucidados estos requisitos, se puede definir qué tipo de estrategia es la más adecuada; existen alternativas de autonomía absoluta, como las raciones individuales de consumo inmediato, un sistema integrado de cocina convencional, el sistema semiintegrado de cocina que contempla un equipo de arrastre, o bien, la mezcla de ellos. Por último, se definen los aspectos alimentario-nutricionales que se traducen en un plan de alimentación equilibrado, suficiente y sanitariamente apto.
Simulation and experimental development of a temperature control system of a radiation calibration source based on a PID-regulyator
Authors: Volkov V. V.
Published: January 2018

Improvement of methods of radiometric correction for multichannel spectral hardware and wide usage of LED-sources require the development of both mathematical and experimental methods of calibration of the obtained spectral data. To obtain true coefficients of spectral reflection it is necessary to use high-stable radiation sources, which makes it possible to improve measuring accuracy, to perform a transition from absolute to relative units of measure. Application of high-brightness LEDs for the purposes of radiometric calibration is limited by variations of their characteristics over time, degradation of structures and temperature drift of characteristics. To stabilize the spectral LED radiation maximum we need to resort to additional methods for the temperature control of radiation sources by controlling dissipation power on the crystal, taking into account high nonlinearity of the dissipation curve of the crystal depending on the passing current. The nonlinearity of the processes of the crystal heat release at the optimum operation point calls for the application of a high-precision mode of temperature control. A technique of proportional integral-derivative temperature control for light-emitting diodes of increased brightness with phosphor-coated crystals was developed and experimentally tested. The possibility of using temperature control of a highly stable source to stabilize spectral characteristics is shown. It allows using this technique to increase the accuracy of assessing the optical properties of the surface under investigation.
Clustering algorithm with projection for solving problems of optimal allocation of transport facilities
Authors: Esipov B. A. , Moskvichev O. V. , Skladnev N. S. , Alyoshintsev A. O.
Published: January 2018

The paper proposes a mathematical model and a new method for solving the problem of optimal location of logistic centers for a two-level railway transportation network based on the application of the mathematical apparatus of cluster analysis. Given the geo-information parameters of the supplier plants, as well as the railroad networks specified by the railroad stations, the task of the optimal choice of railway stations container points (CP) is set. The criterion is to minimize the total amount of traffic in ton-kilometers from the production plant to the CP. For this purpose, the model of dividing the object into clusters is used as an optimization mathematical model. The required clusters are subsets of production points with their own CP centers. Since cluster centers must necessarily be located at railway stations, the article suggests a new clustering algorithm with projection. The possibilities of such a clustering algorithm, called k-means pro, are explored. A method of optimizing the choice of location of container storage distribution centers as second-level centers for a two-level transportation network is described.
Service-oriented distributed software complex for evaluation and multi-criteria analysis of reliability and survivability of on-board equipment of small satellites: Russian and Belarusian segments
Authors: Zelentsov V. A. , Potryasaev S. A. , Sokolov B. V. , Skobtsov V. Yu. , Korenyako S. A. , Kim D. S. , Vakulchyk E. N. , Kulbak L. I. , Nikolaenya E. D. , Lapitskaya N. V. , Saksonov R. V.
Published: January 2018

The paper presents solutions to the problems of estimation, analysis and forecasting of indicators of reliability, survivability and efficiency of on-board equipment (BE) of small satellites (SS) in standard and specified conditions of operation. A distributed software complex for multi-criteria evaluation, analysis and prediction of the values of reliability and survivability indicators of SS BE was developed taking into account the factors of outer space, as well as control of their reconfiguration at different stages of the life cycle (SPIIRAS). The developed complex of methodologies and software tools for estimating the reliability of SS BE (UIIP) was integrated as a distributed segment into the SPIIRAS software complex. The developed software systems are based on using the applied control theory of structural dynamics of complex objects, as well as the developed methods of estimation, analysis and forecasting of indicators of reliability, survivability and efficiency of SS BE, and database mining approach.
Methodological and analytical support for the creation and maintenance of aerospace industry technological development strategic programs
Authors: Gaponenko O. V.
Published: January 2018

The article presents basic methodological techniques of constructing the objective tree of the Federal target program of technological development of the aerospace industry, formation and analytical support of components of program activities, including research and development work and investment projects of reconstruction and technical re-equipment of the industry. The main quantitative target indicators of achievement of the program goals are presented in the article. The structure of the program sections combining technological R D and investment projects for reconstruction and technical re-equipment of production units are specified. In the paper the author proposes a system of criteria for selection of R D for industrial base technologies and industrial critical technologies and the principle of calculation of scoring (rating) the significance of a technology in general. The paper presents the main stages of formation of the R D section at which applications for R D from companies in the space industry are collected, the applications are selected in accordance with the specified system of criteria, the prospects of implementation and effectiveness of the developed technology are assessed. The same methodological approach is applicable not only during the initial formation of the program, but also for its analytical support and making adjustments.
Сonceptual design of small spacecraft with a high resolution P-VHF band bistatic SAR system
Authors: Goryachkin O. V. , Maslov I. V. , Zhengurov B. G.
Published: January 2018

Spatial resolution is one of the most important characteristics of a radar image. Significant limitations in communication regulations should be taken into account concerning radar facilities in long-wave frequency ranges (P or VHF). These limitations do not allow high resolution of a radar facility. The article presents a possible conceptual design of a small spacecraft with a bistatic dual-frequency P-VHF radar facility. The system under consideration is characterized by the displacement of the transmitting station in the process of imaging and stationary position of the receiving station. The synchronization of the system is ensured by organizing a direct channel of signal propagation between the transmitter and receiver. The distinctive feature of the system is simultaneous radiation of direct impulses of the space-borne radio transmitting device in two bands. The influence of the atmosphere on the radar resolution is compensated as a result of joint processing at the ground receiving station. It is expected that total spatial resolution can be brought up to 2 meters due to the simultaneous operation in dual-frequency ranges. The results of a full-scale ground-based experiment simulating the work of the proposed radar complex are presented in the article.
The use of gas-dynamic flame stabilization in afterburner combustion chambers of aircraft gas turbine engines
Authors: Kolesnikov A. S. , Pakhol'chenko A. A.
Published: January 2018

It is impossible to abandon the use of the afterburner combustion chamber in designing advanced gas turbine engines. Well-known and well-established structural designs of afterburners were developed several decades ago and do not meet the requirements imposed upon advanced projects, some of which appeared only now. In this context, it became necessary to develop new structural concepts and ways of organizing the working process of afterburner combustion chambers. One of such methods is the rejection of aerodynamic stabilization of the flame by using bluff bodies (angled stabilizers) in favor of gas dynamic stabilization. Gas-dynamic flame stabilization can be effected by the injection of air streams into the gas flow. Its application will reduce the blocking of the flow part of the afterburner, which will be good for the non-afterburning regimes of the engines work; besides, the possibilities of controlling the workflow will be expanded. But the implementation of gas-dynamic stabilization requires a source of compressed air. Bleeding the air from behind the compressor seems to be the best way for this purpose. A proposed combustion chamber flame tube head, the relationship of the characteristics of the injected streams and the gas flow to ensure stable operation of the afterburner, the effect of air bleeding for the needs of the gas-dynamic stabilization of the flame on the workflow of the engine as a whole are discussed in the article.
The Benefits of Civil Litigation
Authors: Croley Steven P.
Published: January 2018

This chapter argues that while litigation is important to the parties to a case, who often seek to recover damages if successful, it is also important to society at large. In particular, civil litigation brings social benefits because litigation is the means through which legal commitments are enforced; litigation gives effect to the rule of law itself. This chapter further argues that the desirable litigation levels are achieved when parties with bona fide legal claims, and only such parties, initiate litigation.
Features of a Well-Working Civil Litigation System
Authors: Croley Steven P.
Published: January 2018

This chapter provides an analytical and normative framework for evaluating the civil litigation system as well as for understanding existing critiques of the system. It argues that civil justice requires, first, that courts are accessible to parties with valid legal claims and defenses and, second, that courts are capable of distinguishing between strong and weak claims and defenses, which the chapter defines as reliability. This chapter also explains the central importance of litigation costs, and notes that on the one hand litigation costs can impede access to the courts, while on the other hand some costs are crucial to the operation of the civil litigation system—in that distinguishing between strong and weak claims requires certain expenditures.
Primer reporte de la variabilidad genética del gato (Felis catus), con marcadores fenotípicos en Coveñas, Sucre
Authors: Pardo Pérez Enrique , Martínez Bula María Teresa , Zambrano Charrasquiel José Darío
Published: January 2018

El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar la variabilidad genética de las poblaciones de gatos domésticos (Felis catus) utilizando genes que codifican la coloración, el diseño y la longitud del pelaje en Coveñas, Sucre, Colombia. Se realizaron muestreos aleatorios entre septiembre y diciembre de 2014, en 187 animales adultos presentes en cinco barrios de Coveñas, donde se caracterizó fenotípicamente cada animal. La nomenclatura utilizada está en concordancia con el Committee Standardized Genetic Nomenclature For Cats (1968), y atiende a los marcadores autosómicos de codificación morfológica: el locus ligado al sexo Orange (O) y los loci autosómicos non-agouti (a), tabby blotched (Tb), dilution (d), long hair (l) spotting white (s) y dominant white (W). Se calcularon los parámetros genéticos poblacionales: frecuencia alélica, diversidad genética, flujo génico, equilibrio Hardy-Weinberg y distancia genética, y se infirieron las relaciones filogenéticas entre las poblaciones de gatos. Se encontró que el marcador non-agouti fue el de mayor frecuencia, mientras los genes tabby blotched y dominant white presentaron los valores más bajos. La mayor parte de la diversidad genética se encontró dentro de las poblaciones (HS) y poca entre las poblaciones (DST) y un elevado flujo génico. Se observó un exceso de heterocigotos en la población. No hubo equilibrio Hardy-Weinberg. Las poblaciones se encuentran muy relacionadas genéticamente. Además, se evidenció una posible selección natural y artificial del locus non-agouti.
Mixosporídeos e nematóides em Hemiodopsis microlepis (Teleostei: Hemiodontidae) do rio Gurguéia-Bom Jesus-Pi, Brasil
Authors: Lopes da Silva Filho Manoel , Lopes Glauciany Soares , Kunkel Daniela , Barros Brito Danilo Rodrigues
Published: January 2018

O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar um estudo ictioparasitológico sobre a espécie Hemiodopsis microlepis (peixes de arqueiros), do rio Gurguéia, situada em Bom Jesus-Piauí, Brasil. Coletaram-se trinta espécimenes de Hemiodopsis microlepis, aos quais realizou-se uma análise morfológico externo e coleta de pequenos fragmentos das brânquias, fígado, rins e intestinos para identificar os parasitas Myxobolus sp., Henneguya sp. e Camallanus sp. em um microscópio óptico (40X). Aproximadamente 90 % dos peixes examinados foram parasitados por myxosporidos pertencentes à família Myxobolidae, dos quais ao redor do 20 % foram parasitados por Henneguya sp. e o 70 % foram parasitados por Myxobolus sp. Solo o 5% das espécimenes parasitados por Myxobolus sp. foram também parasitados por nematódeos. O estudo de ictioparasitologia realizado sobre a espécie Hemiodopsis microlepis confirmou a presença de parasitas Myxobolus sp. e Henneguya e os nematódeos da espécie Camallanus sp.
Efecto de la temperatura ambiente en la temperatura superficial de zonas negras y blancas del pelaje de un hato de vacas holstein en el departamento de Antioquia, Colombia
Authors: Echeverri Echeverri Diego Mauricio , Galeano-Vasco Luis Fernando , Ramírez Arias Jennifer Paola , Cerón-Muñoz Mario Fernando , Márquez Girón Sara María
Published: January 2018

El artículo reporta la evaluación del efecto de la temperatura ambiente, la humedad relativa, la radiación solar y la velocidad del cuerpo bajo el índice THSW en la temperatura superficial de áreas blancas y negras del pelaje de vacas holstein. Se utilizó información de 5 vacas holstein en producción de la finca El Recreo, ubicada en el municipio de Abejorral, Colombia. Se les tomó la temperatura superficial cada 2 h durante 15 días en 10 sitios diferentes: línea dorsal anterior, media y posterior, flanco derecho e izquierdo, pecho, cuello derecho e izquierdo, vulva y glándula mamaria, con termómetro infrarrojo. Para evaluar el efecto de la temperatura ambiente en la corporal se utilizó un índice que involucra la temperatura, la humedad, la radiación y la velocidad del viento (THSW) y para el análisis estadístico se utilizó un modelo mixto aditivo generalizado suavizado. El THSW encontrado fue de 10 y 27 °C. Las áreas muestreadas tuvieron una diferencia en la temperatura; las de color negro fueron las de mayor temperatura superficial. Oscilaron entre 32,5 y 35,8 °C para zonas blancas, y entre 34,5 y 40,5 °C para zonas negras. Los mayores valores de temperatura superficial para ambas zonas en todos los puntos se presentaron a mayores valores de THSW. Se concluye que el índice THSW tiene efecto diferenciado en la temperatura superficial corporal de acuerdo con el color del pelaje; los puntos negros fueron los que presentaron mayores temperaturas.