bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of chitosan oligosaccharide and valine on growth, serum hormone levels and meat quality of broilers
Authors: Ahmed Iftikhar , Roohi Nabila , Roohi Ayesha
Published: April 2021

Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) and valine (Val) supplementation will improve growth performance, carcass traits, hormonal profile and meat quality in broilers. To evaluate this hypothesis, based on a 2×4 factorial arrangement, 480 male broilers (Ross 708) were randomly placed in eight treatment groups for two levels of COS (C1: 100 mg/kg, and C2: 150 mg/kg) and four levels of valine (V1: 0.57%, V2: 0.72%, V3: 0.87% and V4: 1.02%) with three replicates (n=24) with 20 birds in each (ni=60; i=1, 2, 3,..., 8.). The results showed that live bodyweight (BW), weight gain (WG), and carcass weight increased, and feed conversion ratio (FCR) decreased with increased supplemental levels of dietary Val at C1 and C2. Abdominal fat reduced linearly for both COS and Val, with a higher reduction response value at C2 and V4. The serum levels of triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), testosterone and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) presented a linear effect for COS and Val. The proximate composition of breast and leg meat showed that crude fat content decreased linearly for COS and Val with higher reduction response values at V3 for both levels of COS. The ash content rose linearly with increasing concentration of Val at C1, but showed the highest value at V2 when birds were offered C2. There was an interaction between COS and Val for T3, T4, IGF-1, ash content and crude fat. In conclusion, supplementation exerted a significant influence on the growth performance, hormonal profile and meat composition of broilers.
Beta alanine effects immediately pre- and post hatch on chick quality, carcass yield and meat quality in broilers
Authors: Atan H. , Kop-Bozbay C.
Published: April 2021

First, this study aimed to evaluate the effects on hatchability of in ovo supplementation of beta alanine (βA). Second, it assessed the effects on performance, meat quality and serum constituents of broiler chickens of βA injection in ovo and of supplementation with βA in feed for the first seven days after hatching. For this purpose, 960 fertilized broiler chicken eggs were distributed to hatchery trays in four treatment groups with six replicates on day 17 of incubation. The treatment groups consisted of eggs that were not injected (T1; negative control), injected with sterile solution with 0.9% salt (T2; positive control), injected with in ovo 1% βA solution (T3), and not injected, but with chicks were fed 1% βA for the first seven days after hatching (T4). Upon hatching, chicks from T1, T2, and T3 were fed commercial starter feed. All treatments were assessed with six replicates of 28 birds (14 females and 14 males) throughout the grow-out period. As a result of this study, T3 increased hatchability, yolk-free hatching weight and chick quality, and decreased yolk weight and feed access time at hatch. Both T3 and T4 improved carcass yield and meat quality, and T3 increased serum total antioxidant status at 42 days afer hatching. The results demonstrated that in ovo βA feeding improved hatching characteristics, and βA administration in ovo or in feed improved carcass yield and meat quality without affecting growth performance.
A tribute to Dr (Hon) Chief George Idodo-Umeh (1944-2020)
Authors: Victor Reginald
Published: April 2021

No Abstract.
The population dynamics of the bony tongue, Heterotis niloticus (Cuvier, 1829) in the Cross River, Nigeria
Authors: Otogo G.A. , Enin U.I.
Published: April 2021

The population dynamics of Heterotis niloticus of the Cross River, Nigeria was investigated for 15 months (October 2010 – December 2011) with the aim to determine the population parameters including growth and mortality rates. Time series data on the length - frequency distribution was collected from the artisanal landings using cast nets and gill nets at Ayadehe and Oku Ibuko beaches in Itu L.G.A. of Akwa Ibom State. The length - frequency data were analysed using FiSAT (FAO - ICLARM Stock Assessment tools). Maximum length of H. niloticus obtained from the field was 92.0 cm with a corresponding weight of 6.0 kg. Population parameters from length – frequency analysis were estimated as follows: Asymptotic length (L∞) = 103.87cm total length, growth coefficient (K) = 0.32 per year, amplitude of oscillation (C = 0.5) and winter point (WP) = 0.6. The K value of 0.32 showed that the fish is a slow growing species. The WP of 0.6 suggests that H. niloticus experiences slowest growth rate in the months of June – July possibly associated with spawning activity and low ambient temperature recorded during this period. The longevity was estimated at 9 years 4 months and growth performance index (o’) was 3.54. The fish instantaneous total mortality (Z) was estimated at 1.51 per year; natural mortality (M) was 0.608; fishing mortality (F) was 0.902 and exploitation rate (E) of 0.60. This exploitation rate indicates that fishing mortality is becoming excessive and is therefore being overfished. Possible interventions and recommendations are that the effort be reduced or stabilized. The close of fishery in July - August, the peak of reproduction is recommended and should be implemented. In addition, mesh size be increased to reduce growth overfishing on juveniles and sub adults.

Key words: Heterotis niloticus, population dynamics, Cross River, Nigeria
Bacteriological and heavy metal status of water and fish samples from Jebba Lake – Nigeria
Authors: Atiribom R.Y. , Abioye O.P. , Daniyan S.Y. , Ojutiku R.O. , Auta H.S. , Mu’azu M.M.
Published: April 2021

Quantitative and qualitative analysis of bacterial isolates in water and fish samples (Oreochromis niloticus and Clarias gariepinus) from Jebba Lake were carried out using primary isolation media and microbact identification kits. The concentration of heavy metals, Lead (Pb), Copper (Cu), Cadmium (Cd), Chromium (Cr) and Arsenic (As) were determined using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). Samples were collected from five (5) different stations. Station Jl.1 and Jl.2 are located at the upper course of the lake and were characterized by high human activities (washing, bathing, mining and animal husbandry operations) especially in sample station Jl.2. Sample station Jl.3 has low human activities, however it has a tributary with high mining activities. Station Jl.4 has high domestic washings but low animal husbandry operation and low mining activities. Station Jl.5 has low domestic washings, low animal husbandry operation and low mining activities. Mean faecal coliform count of sample station Jl.1 (580.83 CFU/100ml) and station Jl.2 (700.83 CFU/100ml) were above maximum permissible limit for Federal Environmental Protection Agency (FEPA). Faecal coliform count of sample stations Jl.3, Jl.4 and Jl.5 were below maximum permissible limit. Maximum faecal coliform count during the wet season was 1600.00 CFU/100ml, while the maximum count during the dry season was 920.00 CFU/100ml. Bacterial species such as Aeromonas caviae, Aeromonas hydrophila, Pseudomonas fluorescens – 25, Escherichia coli, Moraxella species, Mannheimia (pasturella) haemolytica, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas fluorescens – 35, Escherichia hermannii were found in water samples and species such as Vibrio alginolyticus, Moraxella species, Escherichia hermannii, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Aeromonas hydrophila were isolated from fish intestines and gills. Concentration of Cu, Cr and As in water was observed to be within permissible limit but the concentration of Pb and Cd were above tolerable limit. In fish organs, the concentration of heavy metals were within permissible limit except that of Pb and As in Oreochromis niloticus fish intestines (ONFI) (0.38±0.00 and 0.03±0.00 respectively) and Clarias gariepinus fish intestines (CGFI) (0.40±0.00 and 0.03±0.01 respectively) which were above maximum permissible limit by standard organizations.

Key words: Jebba Lake, water, fish, Oreochromis niloticus, Clarias gariepinus, bacteria, heavy metals
Effects of light matrix organics (probiotic) on the growth, feed digestibility, carcass and blood parameters of African catfish, Clarias gariepinus
Authors: Oben B.O , Tiku T.D.G , Oben P.M
Published: April 2021

Cameroon’s fish protein consumption levels remain inadequate due to low fish production. The effects of Light Matrix Organics (LMO), a probiotic combination on the growth performance, feed digestibility, blood and carcass composition of the African catfish, Clarias gariepinus were investigated. Probiotics are live microorganisms which when administered in adequate amounts confer health benefits on the host. A basal diet was formulated and supplemented with LMO at 0.0 ml/kg (T0) as control; 1.66 ml/kg (T1); 2.49 ml/kg (T2); 3.32 ml/kg (T3) and 4.15 ml/kg (T4) and fed to 340 Clarias gariepinus fingerlings in two blocks (with average fish weights of 1.00±0.40 g and 0.1±0.05 g respectively), for sixty (60) days in replicate plastic tanks. Fish were fed twice daily at 4% body weight. Results show that the Mean weight gain, Specific growth rate and Protein efficiency ratio were significantly highest (P<0.05) in fish fed diets supplemented with LMO at 4.15 ml/kg (T4) and lowest in T0 (control). Apparent Digestibility Coefficients (ADC) of C. gariepinus for Dry Matter% and Crude Protein% decreased significantly in the general order: T4>T3>T2>T1>T0, except for Crude Protein which was significantly higher (P<0.05) in T3 than in T4. ADC Lipid% was higher (P<0.05) in both T2 and T4 than in all other treatments while ADC Energy was highest (P<0.05) in T2. Blood parameters were significantly higher (P<0.05) in LMO supplemented diets except for haematocrit (Ht) and red blood cells (RBC). Carcass nutrients differed significantly with LMO supplemented diets producing significantly lower (P≤0.05) fat but storing more energy than fish on the control diet. Incorporating LMO in treatment T2 was significantly more (P<0.05) economically efficient than other treatments. The supplementary use of LMO at the rate of 2.49ml/kg fish feed is therefore recommended based on the high economic efficiency and above average growth performance.

Key words: probotic, light matrix organics, Clarias gariepinus, growth performance, digestibility, economic efficiency.
Absurdity in Medicine. Stanisław Trzebiński’s Philosophy of Medicine
Authors: Barański Jarosław , Mackiewicz Wojciech
Published: April 2021

Stanisław Trzebiński (1861–1930), professor at Stefan Batory University in Vilnius, was one of the most distinguished representatives of the Polish School of Philosophy of Medicine before the Second World War. He undertook studies in neurology, philosophy of medicine, and literature.

The article explores Trzebiński’s philosophical ideas, especially his call for rationality in medicine and the concept of absurdity in medicine as a precondition for the development of medical knowledge and practice. Today this method is an essential background in Evidence-Based Medicine and confirms cultural and scientific forms of cognition.
Franciszek Rychnowski (1850–1929) – niedoceniony geniusz, maniak czy obłąkaniec?
Authors: Rataj Piotr
Published: April 2021

Franciszek Rychnowski (1850–1929) – an Underestimated Genius, a Maniac or a Madman? The article presents the forgotten figure of Franciszek Rychnowski, an engineer from Lviv, mainly relying on his own writings and press releases from the period. The text describes his pioneering technical activity in Galicia, especially in the field of heating and electrical engineering. As far as it was possible, the paper elaborates on the concept of the so-called electroid (or etheroid) – substance (or energy) which Rychnowski held responsible for all phenomena in nature, and around which he forged his own theory of the operation of the universe. The text includes the summaries of his talks, interviews, and more interesting reports on the alleged properties of this substance, as well as reactions to them.
Mechanik Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego Władysław Antoni Grodzicki i jego skraplarki gazów
Authors: Wyka Ewa
Published: April 2021

Mechanic of the Jagiellonian University Władysław Antoni Grodzicki and His Gas Liquefiers

One of the significant achievements in Polish science was the liquefaction of oxygen, air, and other gases in 1883 by the Jagiellonian University professors – Zygmunt Wróblewski and Karol Olszewski. Over the next few years, Krakow became one of the leading units in researching the physicochemical properties of gases. The mechanical workshop of the Jagiellonian University, which produced custom-made laboratory devices for liquefying gases, also gained recognition. The devices were designed by Karol Olszewski, a professor of chemistry at the Jagiellonian University, who modelled them on the countercurrent condenser by William Hampson. The apparatuses were made by the university mechanic, Władysław Grodzicki (1864–1927), who held this post in the years 1897–1927. He offered three types of apparatuses: a cased apparatus, a demonstration apparatus for air liquefaction, and a universal apparatus for liquefaction of air and hydrogen. In order to test how they functioned, a complete gas liquefaction apparatus was installed in the laboratory (including purifiers, a compressor, etc.). These devices were bought by European research institutions, universities, and schools. Grodzicki’s activity contributed to the popularisation of research on low temperatures conducted at the Jagiellonian University. At the same time, it was one of the few Polish companies offering high-class scientific instruments.
Wirus nieszczęścia. Plagi i choroby domu Lenartowiczów w dobie epidemii cholery w XIX-wiecznej Europie
Authors: Bartnikowska-Biernat Magdalena
Published: April 2021

Epidemia cholery, mająca swoje źródło w Dolinie Gangesu, dotarła do Europy w latach trzydziestych XIX wieku, by nawiedzać ją regularnie do końca stulecia. Zaraza dziesiątkowała ludzkość i spędzała sen z oczu medykom, jednak – co zaskakujące – nie zachowało się wiele relacji z epoki na temat epidemii. Jedną z nich można znaleźć w korespondencji Zofii z Szymanowskich Lenartowiczowej, podróżującej z mężem po Europie w 1865 roku, podczas kolejnego wybuchu cholery. Lata sześćdziesiąte XIX wieku były okresem wyjątkowo trudnym dla Zofii i Teofila Lenartowiczów. Pierwszą przyczyną zmartwień małżonków była ustawiczna bieda, potęgująca cierpienia wynikające z chorób, które nękały oboje. W obliczu tych nieszczęść zagrożenie cholerą nie stanowiło największego zmartwienia Lenartowiczów, co znajduje odzwierciedlenie w omawianych listach.

The Misery Virus: Plagues and Diseases in the Lenartowicz Family during the 19th-Century Cholera Epidemic in Europe

The cholera epidemic originating from the Ganges Valley reached Europe in the 1830s, only to plague the continent in successive bouts until the end of the century. The disease decimated the population and harrowed European physicians, though – surprisingly – not many contemporary sources describing the epidemic have been preserved. One of the few surviving accounts can be found in the letters of Zofia Lenartowicz née Szymanowska, who was travelling around Europe with her husband during the 1865 cholera outbreak. The 1860s were a particularly difficult period for Zofia and Teofil Lenartowicz. Their distress stemmed from their chronic destitution, which in turn exacerbated the suffering caused by the medical maladies experienced by both spouses. In view of this overall misery, the threat of cholera was far from the greatest worry of the Lenartowicz couple, which found a clear reflection in the content of the letters discussed in the present paper.
O dwu ospowych opowieściach (czytanych w covidowym świecie)
Authors: Antoniuk Mateusz
Published: April 2021

Artykuł proponuje równoległą, porównawczą lekturę dwu tekstów: polskiego reportażu Zaraza (1965), autorstwa Jerzego Ambroziewicza oraz angielskiego eseju The Last Days of Smallpox: Tragedy in Birmingham (2018), autorstwa Marka Pallena. Teksty te poświęcone są, odpowiednio, epidemii czarnej ospy we Wrocławiu (1963) oraz zalążkowi epidemii tej samej choroby w Birmingham (1978). Przedmiotem porównania są podobieństwa i różnice w zakresie sposobu przedstawiania świata, technik narracyjnych, poetyki i retoryki. W zakończeniu postawione zostaje pytanie o sposób czytania obu „ospowych opowieści” w okresie pandemii COVID-19.

On Two Smallpox Stories (Read in the COVID World)

Abstract: The article proposes a parallel, comparative reading of two texts: the Polish nonfiction story Zaraza (1965) by Jerzy Ambroziewicz and the English essay The Last Days of Smallpox: Tragedy in Birmingham (2018) by Mark Pallen. The texts discuss, respectively, a smallpox epidemic which took place in Wrocław (1963) and an outbreak of the same disease in Birmingham (1978). The present paper studies the similarities and discrepancies in the methods of describing the represented world, narrative techniques, poetics, and rhetoric. The final part of the paper poses the question of how both of these “smallpox stories” may be interpreted in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Topika w muzyce – definicje, historia, znaczenie
Authors: Sołtysik Michał S.
Published: April 2021

Topics in music – definitions, history, meaning

The aim of the article is to present the concept of topics in music, which was associated with the presentation of this term in the history of culture and literature. Due to the broader context, it will be possible to present this Greek term more fully in musicology and in relation to the interpretation of selected examples of musical works. The study consists of three complementary parts. The first introduces to the genesis of the concept, which originates from ancient rhetoric and has been described, among others by Aristotle, Cicero or Boethius. The second part of the article is the presentation of the topic in the context of the analyzes of Ernst Robert Curtius, Janina Abramowska and Jacek Jadacki in the field of literary studies. The last and most extensive part of this text is devoted to showing topics in musicology on the example of several authors. The papers on topic theory will be highlighted, which since the 1980s has been mainly developed by researchers from Anglo-Saxon countries.
ahat ilī – siostra bogów Olgi Tokarczuk i Aleksandra Nowaka. Od powieści do operowego libretta
Authors: Zgliniecka-Hojda Paulina
Published: April 2021

ahat ilī – Sister of Gods by Olga Tokarczuk and Aleksander Nowak: From the Novel to the Opera Libretto

In 2018, the third opera composition by Aleksander Nowak (*1979), ahat ilī – Sister of Gods had its premiere., The libretto was created by Polish Nobel Prize winner Olga Tokarczuk, on the basis of her own novel. This kind of combination of literature and opera, reinforced by the unique situation in which the author of the text-inspiration and the libretto is the same person, suggests that the work should be defined as a literary opera. The aim of the article is to present the composition in terms of its genres as well as to show the unique path of its content from literary work to operatic, together with the analysis of the libretto from the librettological perspective.
The construction of social space through sound. An analysis of a passage from Victor Hugo’s Notre-Dame de Paris
Authors: Goulet Alizée
Published: April 2021

Notre-Dame de Paris is a novel marked by the people’s clamor, the bells’ music and the sounds of battle. In an effort to understand how sounds play a crucial part in the creative process of Hugo’s work, we will analyze chapters of Notre-Dame de Paris relating to “la grand’salle”. During the play and the election of the Pope of Fools (taking place in “la grand’salle”), people originating from all social spheres are gathered in the same space, which is favorable for verbal exchanges that underline the struggles between them – established by the particulars of their speech. In this space, different sounds (rumors, shouts, noises) destroy and reinforce social distances at the same time, creating an evershifting space of boundaries, both physical and social.
Tannhäuser rehabilitated (III) – Eugène d’Harcourt’s concert
Authors: Mrozowicki Michał Piotr
Published: April 2021

In November and December 1894, a few months before the work’s reappearance on the Parisian stage, its very important selection (including especially the entire first and third acts) was presented by the count Eugène d’Harcourt, – by the way member of the elitist Jockey’s Club – during his “eclectic concerts” at the rue Rochechouart’s Salle de Concerts. The author of the article recalls juridical and artistic controversies provoked by these executions of Wagner’s opera. Tannhäuser’s fourth performance at Paris Opera’s stage was preceded, in the spring of 1895, by many publications, books and articles devoted to Wagner’s masterpiece. The most important, Étude sur « Tannhäuser » de Richard Wagner. Analyse et guide thématique, was written by Alfred Ernst and Élie Poirée who tried to show the value of Tannhäuser, considered already as a musical drama and an important stage of the composer’s evolution.
Retrospective analysis of prenatal invasive diagnostic procedures in a tertiary center
Authors: Gedik Özköse Zeynep , Oğlak Süleyman Cemil , Behram Mustafa , Ölmez Fatma , Süzen Çaypınar Sema , Bestel Ayşegül , Acar Züat , Gezdirici Alper , Özdemir İsmail
Published: April 2021

Objective: This study aimed to analyze the indications and outcomes of prenatal invasive diagnostic procedures performed in a single tertiary center.

Materials and Methods: The invasive procedure indications and karyotype results of 1666 pregnant women who underwent prenatal invasive procedures between March 2016 and November 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. The indications and results of prenatal invasive diagnostic procedures were recorded.

Results: Amniocentesis (AS) was performed to 1060 (63.6%) patients, corion villus sampling (CVS) to 299 (17.9%), and cordocentesis (CS) to 307 (18.4%) patients. Among the prenatal invasive procedure indications, the most frequent indication was abnormal ultrasound (US) findings, with a rate of 48.3% (n= 805). A normal karyotype was detected in 85% (n= 1416) of the cases, and chromosomal abnormality was detected in 12.2% (n= 204) of the cases. Abnormal karyotype results were found in 111 (10.5%) of 1060 patients who underwent AS, 87 (29.1%) of 299 patients who underwent CVS, and 52 (16.9%) of 307 patients who underwent CS. Among the numerical chromosomal abnormalities, trisomy 21 was the most common abnormality with a rate of 46% (94/204), while inversions were the most common abnormality of structural chromosomal abnormalities at 8.8% (18/204).

Conclusion: The results of the current study show that AS is the most common prenatal diagnostic invasive procedure. We obtained the highest fetal chromosomal anomaly rate in patients who experienced CVS. Abnormal US findings were the most common prenatal invasive diagnostic procedure indication in our study. Choosing the most appropriate invasive procedure is related to the obstetricians' experience, medical history of the patient, the gestational week at admission, maternal prenatal serum screening test results, and abnormal US findings.
Execution of a Sentence – an Independent Stage of Criminal Proceedings
Authors: Shabanov Vyacheslav B. , Budanova Lyudmila Yu. , Kramarenko Vladimir. P.
Published: April 2021

The article investigates how the notion “execution of a sentence” was formed and analyzes the content of the stage of execution of a sentence as an independent part of criminal procedure, examines legal issues of criminal proceedings within the stage of execution of a sentence, and puts forward some ways to improve it.
The fact that court activities aimed at considering and resolving issues related to the execution of a sentence are defined as part of criminal procedure rather than as an independent stage is a subject for debate, because this activity may or may not take place. But we agree with those scholars who believe that the stage such as the presentation of a sentence for execution always emerges during sentencing, and the analogy with the stage of launching criminal investigation allows us to conclude that, that further criminal proceedings may occur several times or may not occur at all and thus form an independent stage of criminal procedure. We studied the opinions and statements of practitioners and scholars in the field of criminal procedure concerning the role and importance of criminal proceedings aimed at the execution of a sentence as an independent stage of criminal procedure, institution of criminal procedural law, a separate phase of criminal procedure and the theoretical arguments as to the essential nature and meaning of the execution of a sentence in criminal procedure. We conclude that criminal proceedings aimed at presenting the sentence for execution, consideration and resolution by the court of the issues related to its execution form the content of an independent stage of criminal procedure, which has all the necessary and characteristic features.

Key words: execution of a sentence; stage of criminal procedure; subjects of execution of a sentence; criminal justice; criminal proceedings.
State Service in the Law Enforcement Sphere and Its Major Features
Authors: Nagornykh Roman V.
Published: April 2021

The article investigates the main features of state service in the law enforcement sphere and the place of state service in administrative and legal regulation mechanism. The goals of the work are as follows: to consider state service in the law enforcement sphere as a single legal category, to reveal its essence and characteristic features as a social system, to provide a scientific classification of its constituent elements and disclose their administrative and legal content. We highlight the following main functional features of those state bodies the service in which can be called law enforcement activity: state and power-based nature of activity, exercising executive and administrative powers, special functional and target purpose, application of special measures of legal influence based on the use of persuasion and coercion methods, and a special legal status. We conclude that practical solution to the question of classifying state service in a particular state body as law enforcement activity may be found through legislative definition of the concept of law enforcement activity of the state, law enforcement functions of state authorities, and the system of state authorities exercising law enforcement functions.

Key words: state service, administrative and legal regulation, law enforcement activity, law enforcement functions, legal enforcement.
A Program for the Development of Moral and Psychological Stability in Security Division Officers of Correctional Institutions
Authors: Viktorova Tat’yana V. , Zautorova El’vira V.
Published: April 2021

Addressing the issue concerning the development of moral and psychological stability in employees of security division of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia is of major importance to the functioning of correctional institutions. We regard the development of moral and psychological stability as a process of consistent development of personal traits, including self-evaluation of professional and psychological readiness to act in emergency situations, a sense of confidence in the legality of the use of firearms, the knowledge and skills required to respond adequately and adjust one’s emotional state when performing one’s duty; all these traits should help officers deal successfully with negative factors arising in the course of their service and use firearms lawfully. The topic of the paper is relevant, since there has been an increase in the number of violations related to officers’ non-compliance with the law. We have revealed that the level of moral and psychological stability in the majority of security division representatives (52.6%) is low: their sphere of emotional and volitional qualities is not developed; they do not have enough moral requirements and assessments, etc. In this regard, we have worked out a comprehensive target program, the goal of which is to form moral and psychological stability in security officers of correctional facilities in situations requiring the use of firearms. The program was implemented on the basis of correctional institutions in the Komi Republic Department of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia. The program is based on the principles of activity, research orientation and objectification (awareness) of officers’ behavior and includes 56 academic hours (lectures, group classes). In the course of its implementation, various psychological and pedagogical techniques were used to encourage high-quality performance of professional duties. The positive outcome of the program is observed in the fact that officers who use firearms in their work become fully equipped with relevant knowledge, skills and abilities. The skills they acquire are the basis for maintaining personal emotional balance and developing necessary professional qualities.

Key words: corrections officers; activity of a security division; moral and psychological stability; formation of emotional stability; training techniques; program for the formation of moral and psychological qualities in an individual.
An Instrumental Case Study on Testing an Integrated Framework for Tutoring Sessions
Authors: Holland Alicia , Grant Chris , Donthamsetty Reshma
Published: April 2021

The objective for the current qualitative case study was to examine participants’ perceptions on the tutor coaching and session review frameworks. The location of the study was at the tutor coach’s place of business. At the beginning of the study, both tutor coach and tutors were trained on how to implement the specific frameworks associated with their roles in the tutoring process. Tutors who participated in the study kept weekly reflection journals regarding their tutoring experiences. After 6 weeks, the tutor coach participated in 30-minute open-ended phone interviews related to the tutor-coaching framework. All interviews were recorded and transcribed. Tutors completed an online questionnaire about the methods and strategies used to conduct effective tutoring sessions. Themes were extracted related to tutor coaching, session reviews, effective tutoring sessions, and general tutoring from the data: interview transcripts, online surveys, monitoring notes, and weekly journals. There were 12 emerging themes, 7 categories, and 9 sub-categories that were coded and analyzed. The findings revealed that effective tutoring sessions required lesson preparation and the session review framework provided an avenue of viewing and keeping track on what to look for in tutoring sessions. Another finding was that the tutoring coaching framework influenced coaching with tutors.
Pre-Service EFL Teachers’ Experiences in Teaching Practicum in Rural Schools in Indonesia
Authors: Mudra Heri
Published: April 2021

A teaching practicum is officially offered to pre-service English as Foreign Language (EFL) teachers, randomly selected for either urban or rural schools. The study aims to describe and disseminate the obstacles experienced by those teaching English in rural schools during their Teaching Practicum Program (TTP). Seventeen pre-service teachers participated in the qualitative study. Interviews and observations were the main methods of data collection. The results reveal that the obstacles faced by the pre-service EFL teachers were around classroom management, learning materials or resources, teaching aids or media, teaching methods, learners' English skills, choice of language use, slow internet connectivity, learners' motivation, evaluation technique and parental support. The discussion includes implication for need to reorganize future teaching practicum.
Navigating a Life of Theory: An Autobiography of Privilege, Place and Teaching
Authors: Bernhardt Philip
Published: April 2021

Experiences that influence and shape an individual’s pedagogical commitments serve as a unique lens to conceptualize professional transformation. This narrative provides an autobiographical account of the author’s journey from student to teacher. The article, which is divided into two distinct, but tightly connected narratives, draws on this tradition to examine and develop a more nuanced understanding of those life experiences influencing the author’s complex journey as an educator. Each narrative begins with a short autobiographical reflection highlighting significant life moments and histories. Second, critical and post-structuralist theory is interwoven to examine ways the author conceptualizes the significance of the experiences captured in each reflection. Finally, each narrative concludes with discussion focused on how these experiences currently shape the author’s work as an educator.
Pursuing a Dream: The Lived Experiences of Early Leavers and Their Return to Alternative High School
Authors: Morrissette Patrick
Published: April 2021

This article describes a phenomenological study that explored the experiences of early leavers who chose to return to high school in order to pursue their diploma. Eighteen students, including males and females, participated in individual tape recorded interviews, during which they described their experiences, yielding written protocols that were thematically analyzed. Results from this study revealed seven prominent themes that included the following (a) facing reality, (b) launching process, (c) determination, (d) overcoming barriers, (e) supportive influences, (f) proving self, and (g) learning context. Findings and implications for educators and future research are included.
“I am just like everyone else, except for a nine-digit number”: A Thematic Analysis of the Experiences of DREAMers
Authors: Méndez-Pounds Joanna , Nicholas Denise , Gonzalez Natali , Whiting Jason
Published: April 2021

This qualitative thematic analysis study explored the experiences of DREAMers, undocumented students raised in the US awaiting the passage of the DREAM Act. We used a phenomenologically-informed textual analysis which resulted in a summary essence of the experience of DREAMers, describing how even though DREAMers are like other contributing members of society “except for a nine-digit number,” certain characteristics make their experience unique. Two websites containing experiences of individuals identifying as DREAMers as they wait for the passage of the DREAM Act, were analyzed to draw out specific themes that represented DREAMers’ experiences. Results revealed the following themes, Uncertainty about the Future, Resilience in Spite of Barriers, Education as a Form of Identity and Empowerment, the Influence of Time, Family Sacrifices for a Better Life, Disconnect from their Countries of Origin, the Meaning of “Undocumented,” and “Collective Survival.” These were summarized in a description of the essence of the phenomenon. These themes suggest implications for researchers and mental health professionals working with this population and highlight the significance of the unique experiences of DREAMers.
A Book Review Journey through Doing Ethnography
Authors: Laux Katie
Published: April 2021

Giampietro Gobo and Andrea Molle describe their book, Doing Ethnography, as a recipe for cooking ethnography. In this book review, I will take you on a journey through this culinary delight. I provide an overview of the points of interest, a short description of what can be found at each location, and the benefits of the various stops on the tours. Overall, this book is an appropriate choice for novice researchers or anyone who is interested in the practice of ethnography.
A Blueprint for Research Success: Review of Introduction to Community Oral History
Authors: Palacios-Alfonso Yanlys
Published: April 2021

The Introduction to Community Oral History targets the novice researcher. The book provides a blueprint for the process of qualitative research. Also, the authors present examples for each step to engage the reader from start to finish. Lastly, I point out the strengths and weakness of the book.
Prisoners’ Perspectives on Limited Rehabilitative Program Opportunities
Authors: Edwards Kerry
Published: April 2021

Approximately 1.5 million persons are incarcerated in American prisons (Carson, 2020), and the rate at which persons who have been incarcerated reoffend (recidivism) is high (Alper et al., 2018, p. 1). This has propelled the effort to help offenders change their trajectory. Rehabilitative programs are used to help prisoners gain skills and strengths necessary to succeed in the community after their release. Yet, these high recidivism rates persist. Why do some prisoners not benefit from these programs? Although many researchers have studied the efficacy of programs over the past six decades, less attention has been directed towards access to prison programming. Additionally, studies that explore prisoners’ perspectives are not common. This researcher sought to understand programming access and utilization through the prisoner’s lens. This phenomenological, qualitative study explored 49 male prisoners’ perspectives. The findings suggest the prison’s operational structure impeded program access and the study’s participants who experienced blocked access were negatively affected, not receiving needed rehabilitative programming and, separately, suffering from the act of disenfranchisement from services.
Product policies for a Circular Economy: elni 2020 event cycle “Green Deal – A way forward for EU environmental legislation?”
Authors: Schwarz Carolin Isabel
Published: April 2021

In 2020, elni organized an event cycle under the all-embracing question “Green Deal – A way forward for EU environmental legislation?” consisting of four events. Due to the corona pandemic all events were organized as online webinars. The third event took place on 14 October 2020 and dealt with product policies for a circular economy.
Features of using AGV technology in the warehouse
Authors: Аbzhaрbarova A. Zh. , Mussalieva R. D.
Published: April 2021

This article examines the current state of warehouse logistics, which is characterized by the use of automated technologies and software for work performed in the warehouse to reduce logistics costs. Automation of all types of warehouses increases the cost of warehouse operations by automating small, repetitive tasks, allowing workers to focus on more complex tasks. The development of information technologies and the use of modern technology expand the possibilities of improving the efficiency of the warehouse. The warehouse robotics industry includes several types of warehouse robots that serve different purposes and functions, such as filling orders and moving inventory in a warehouse, etc. One of the types of warehouse robotics that we consider in this article are vehicles with automatic control technology AGV (Automatic guided vehicle). The AGV technology is based on an automatic trolley, an electric tool that transports goods from place to place. Since the trolley is controlled automatically, maintenance of the trolley does not require a separate operator-the trolleys move along a given trajectory in isolated conditions without the need for human labor. In addition to the need to maintain the required product quality, the use of AGV has the following advantages: reducing the number of personnel, especially high-quality and responsible transport operators, ensuring occupational safety, minimizing damage caused by product damage, since all movements of vehicles with automatic control can be precisely programmed.
The impact of the pandemic on the labour market
Authors: Izguttiyeva K. Y. , Tussupova L. A. , Yeralina E. M.
Published: April 2021

In the context of a pandemic, many enterprises take actions and make specific decisions in conditions of uncertainty,since it is absolutely impossible to predict the development of the pandemic and its possible consequences on the territory of other countries of the world. Thus, business activity also remains in an environment of uncertainty and is subject to a variety of factors that can not only negatively affect certain aspects of their activities, but can also lead to the complete destruction of the business entity. The relevance of the research topic is shown in the identification of the consequences of the coronavirus pandemic and their assessment on the modern labour market. An increasing number of employers' requirements for employees are associated with soft-skills. These include critical thinking, self-management, problem solving, learnability, resilience to stress, flexibility, and etc. The purpose of the study was to assess the current situation in the world and domestic labour market. The object of research was the labour market of the leading countries of the world: the United States, China, great Britain and Canada. The result of the study was the conclusion about further changes in the demand for labour and the conclusion about what the domestic labour market is waiting for in the future.
On cooperation of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Kazakhstan within the EAEU in the field of energy and transport
Authors: Kalenova S. A.
Published: April 2021

In the context of increasing competition between states, especially in the context of the ever-growing COVID–2019 pandemic, when there is a decline in energy prices, a decrease in the consumption of gas, oil and petroleum products, the correct approach to the use of energy resources of the states this union. especially important for the countries of the Eurasian Economic Union. Also the efficient organization of transport routes for the export of energy resources to foreign international markets is important. The article proposes a scheme of state regulation that can, in our opinion, solve the problems of implementing the strategic priorities of our states, in particular, the Russian Federation and the Republic of Kazakhstan (especially with regard to Kazakhstan's transit opportunities) in the field of energy and transport. The next important step is the further development of industrial and innovative technological development in the field of energy in our countries. The article also notes the problems in the weak integration of the scientific potential of the two countries. It should be emphasized that the collective use of the scientific potential of both states is not such a difficult problem, since in the Soviet period science developed only through joint efforts. Scientific institutes constantly shared their achievements. Joint conferences, symposia and other events were actively held, where it was possible not only to learn about the latest achievements, but also to agree on any joint projects, especially since there is no language barrier between the post-Soviet states.
Social entrepreneurship: theory and practice
Authors: Intykbayeva S. Zh. , Yessenova G. Zh. , Alibayeva A. D.
Published: April 2021

This article examines the existing approaches to the interpretation of the concept of "social entrepreneurship". Social entrepreneurship, as a field of scientific research, in the process of its formation is characterized by insufficient definition of theoretical boundaries, content and conceptual apparatus. The need to clarify the definition of social entrepreneurship will determine the format of its use and development in the process of growing contradictions between social and economic problems and, in the context of the global Covid-19 pandemic that has embraced all countries of the world. Being one of the actively developing forms of entrepreneurial activity, today social entrepreneurship is designed to solve problems affecting the improvement of the level of well-being and quality of life of both socially vulnerable groups of the population and society as a whole. Kazakhstan's experience of social entrepreneurship is a new trend in the development of the economy. Crowdfunding and fundraising should be mentioned as innovative and used tools in the foreign practice of social entrepreneurship. The realities of the current crisis indicate that the adaptation of people of a socially vulnerable group in society, the growth of their social and economic activity are becoming one of the many tasks that social entrepreneurship is designed to implement. In this regard, it is necessary to actively cooperate with state structures, the business and social sectors. The article uses general scientific principles and methods of logical analysis, synthesis, ascent from the abstract to the concrete, as well as a system of general methodological principles of dialectical cognition of social reality as the methodological basis of the research.
The Direct and Indirect Effects of Domestic Violence on the Maternal-Child Relationship & Intellectual Process of Pre-School Age Children’s
Authors: Ali Hira , Ali Hina , Shahid Maria , Dilawar Sabira
Published: April 2021

The study investigated the unswerving besides the incidental effect of domestic violence on a child’s Logical Operations. This study took 100 participants also children, whose age is between 3 or 5-year-old in which (44 Boys and 56 Girls) conscripted from the overall society. Domestic violence is used as a dependent variable and negatively related to the home environment and Trauma & Mental Depression. Children who witness domestic violence have poorer verbal ability whereas controlling the SES and child abuse have significantly affected visual-spatial abilities. The two scores WPPSI-R and PPVT-R score are used for MANCOVA results for primary data for witness and non-witness of domestic violence. In the end, internal vehemence circuitously precious the mutual type of rational skills over the impression on parental downheartedness besides the intellectual superiority of the household atmosphere.
Foto, cinema, foto, cinema – movimenti di Ross McElwee
Authors: Bellour Raymond
Published: April 2021

Ross McElwee is undoubtedly the filmmaker who has stubbornly attempted to circumscribe the impossible relationship between the fatal objectivity of the recording of the world and the inner feeling that is supposed to correspond to this grip. He also writes in Trouver sa voix, where he traces the genesis of the cinema of intimacy of which he never stops trying to perfect the formula: «There must then be a way through which the objectifying presence of the camera merges with the subjective perspective of the director that hangs it». This way is found through an almost continuous voice-over that allows to enter the director's thinking parallel to the images he shows, as McElwee himself is oddly multiplied in his last film, Photographic Memory. The picture becomes doubly a condition of the cinema, with the addition of an intimacy that it imagines both for time and for thought.
Asini grandi e piccoli
Authors: Vasil’ev Anatolij , Volček Dmitrij
Published: April 2021

Taking the presentation of Asino, the first feature film of the eminent theater director Anatolij Vasil'ev, the interviewer questions the Maestro on some aspects of the film (which is entirely shot in Italy), on the situation of the current Russian theater and on theatrical work of Vasiliev in Europe.
In the answers to these questions the Master offers a brief but suggestive overview of his aesthetic positions: on the concept of character transformation, on the creation of a "post-documentary" film, on the relationships between aesthetics and politics, between art and spirituality, between theater and political power in Russia, between artistic needs and productive dynamics in Europe and, at the same time, allows us to observe some Italian phenomena with his foreign eyes.