bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Integration of activity-based risk factors in PERT scheduling: case study of Indian metro tunnel projects
Authors: Shelake Abhaysinha. G. , Gogate NIvedita G. , Soundankar Hrishikesh S.
Published: August 2023

In construction sector, tunneling is a costly and risky affair. The time and cost involved in tunnel construction is very high. Hence, it is necessary to use more comprehensive method like Program Evaluation Review Technique (PERT) while preparing schedule of tunnel construction projects. As PERT considers three different time durations, the reliability of the schedule prepared at planning stage of the project gets enhanced significantly. However, the schedule preparation of tunneling projects still relies mainly on the optimistic time. In this work the author attempts to prepare a PERT schedule for metro tunnel projects by integrating activity-wise risk factors. Initially, the critical risk factors are taken from previous literature and further these are mapped with tunnel construction activities. The list of construction activities along with optimistic schedule and respective activity-wise risk factor list is then supplied to tunnel experts for capturing their opinion on pessimistic and most likely time values. Finally, a comparative analysis is carried out by estimating project cost and developing a relation between the different times and costs associated with metro tunnel projects. The intent of this paper is to integrate the activity-wise risk factors in project scheduling to reduce delays and subsequent cost escalations. Integrating risk factors into PERT scheduling will improve risk management, enhance decision-making and enable realistic project planning. This will significantly improve project success rate. By considering risks in the scheduling process, project managers can effectively manage uncertainties and minimize their impact on project outcomes.
A nomogram to predict stoma creation in elective surgical resection for penetrating Crohn's disease
Authors: sun zhenya , Cao Lei , Guo Zhen , Zhou Yan , Zhu Weiming , Li Yi
Published: August 2023

Purpose The decision to perform a stoma during surgical resection of penetrating Crohn's disease (CD) is a critical consideration. The objective of this study was to identify factors that influence stoma creation and develop a predictive nomogram model to assist surgeons in making optimal surgical decisions.Methods A retrospective study was conducted at a tertiary center from December 1, 2012, to December 1, 2021, involving consecutive patients with penetrating CD who underwent elective surgical resection. The LASSO regression method was used to select preoperative predictors, and a nomogram was constructed using multivariate logistic regression. The performance of the nomogram was validated in an internal cohort by assessing its discrimination, calibration, and clinical usefulness.Results The study included 405 cases in the training group and 135 cases in the validation group. Nine risk factors for stoma formation were identified, including disease location, fistula resulted from previous anastomosis, absence of preoperative exclusive enteral nutrition support, albumin levels below 35 g/L, C-reactive protein levels above 10 mg/L, hemoglobin levels below 100 g/L, perianal disease, internal fistula, and surgical approach. These risk factors were selected using the LASSO regression method, and a nomogram was developed based on them. The area under the curve and the coefficient of determination (R2) of the nomogram were 0.821 and 0.394, respectively. And the nomogram demonstrated good performance in the validation cohort.Conclusions The nomogram exhibited good predictive ability for stoma formation during elective surgical resection for penetrating CD, which can assist surgeons in making informed clinical decisions.
Pre-training a Foundation Model for Universal Fluorescence Microscopy Image Restoration
Authors: Yan Bo , Ma Chenxi , Tan Weimin
Published: August 2023

Fluorescence microscopy image restoration (FMIR) has received wide attention in the life science field and led to significant progress, benefiting from the deep learning (DL) technology. However, most of the current DL-based FMIR methods need to train a task-specific deep model from scratch on a specific dataset for each FMIR problem, such as super-resolution (SR), denoising, isotropic reconstruction, projection, volume reconstruction, etc. The performance and practicability of these FMIR models are limited due to the troublesome training, the difficulty in obtaining high-quality training images, and the limited generalization ability. Nowadays, the pre-trained foundation models have obtained significant breakthroughs in computer vision (CV) and natural language processing (NLP), demonstrating the powerful effect of the pre-training and fine-tuning paradigm. Here, inspired by the huge success of the pre-trained foundation models in the artificial intelligence (AI), we provide a universal solution for different FMIR problems by presenting a unified FMIR foundation model (UniFMIR), achieving higher image precision, better generalization performance, efficient and low-cost training of the task-specific model. The experimental results on five FMIR tasks and nine datasets, covering a wide range of fluorescence microscopy imaging modalities and biological samples, demonstrate the strong capability of the UniFMIR to handle various FMIR situations with a single model. The UniFMIR, pre-trained on the large-scale dataset we collected, can effectively transfer the knowledge learned during the pre-training to a specific FMIR situation by fine-tuning and can obtain a significant performance improvement, uncovering clear nanoscale cell structures and facilitating high-quality imaging in live samples.
This work first explores the potential of applying the foundation model for FMIR. We hope to provide some inspiration for more researchers to further explore the DL-based FMIR and to trigger new research highlights of the FMIR model pre-training and development.
Evaluation of the safety profile and therapeutic efficacy of remdesivir in children with SARS- CoV-2 infection – a single-centre, retrospective, cohort study
Authors: Kautsch Karolina , Wiśniowska Joanna , Friedman-Gruszczyńska Joanna , Buda Piotr
Published: August 2023

Purpose
Despite 3.5 years of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic we still lack effective drugs against COVID-19. The first and most used one, remdesivir, still has not been clearly proven to be effective in the treatment of adults. Its effectiveness in children is even less known. Therefore, this retrospective study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of remdesivir in paediatric patients with COVID-19 hospitalized in one medical centre.
Methods
Medical records of 328 children with COVID-19 were analyzed. The analysis was performed on the subgroups of children treated and not treated with remdesivir. Clinical data regarding general health condition, the course of COVID-19 and the administered treatment were analyzed.
Results
Remdesivir was administered to 64 children, 16 to treat severe or critical illness, and 48 due to the presence of risk factors to prevent progression to severe COVID-19. Among children with severe COVID-19 remdesivir did not reduce the death rate. However, in patients with milder courses and risk factors, the drug significantly reduced the risk of progression to severe disease. Among the adverse events, only mild elevations of aminotransferases were observed in 4 patients, but none of them required treatment discontinuation.
Conclusions
Remdesivir is a safe form of treatment in children with COVID-19. However, the effectiveness of such therapy is still uncertain. It seems that in children with asymptomatic to moderate COVID-19 and risk factors for severe disease, remdesivir could be an effective method of prophylaxis. However, its effectiveness in combating severe disease is questionable and requires further studies.
Associations of U.S. state-level COVID-19 policies intensity with cannabis sharing behaviors in 2020
Authors: Assaf Ryan D. , Hamad Rita , Javanbakht Marjan , Arah Onyebuchi A. , Shoptaw Steven J. , Cooper Ziva D. , Gorbach Pamina M.
Published: August 2023

Background
Cannabis use before the COVID-19 pandemic for many involved sharing prepared cannabis for inhalation, practices that were less prevalent during the pandemic. State-level COVID-19 containment policies may have influenced this decrease. This study examined the extent to which the intensity of state-level COVID-19 policies were associated with individual-level cannabis sharing. Findings have the potential to guide harm reduction policies for future respiratory pandemics and seasonal respiratory virus waves.
Methods
This study used cross-sectional individual-level data from the COVID-19 Cannabis Study, an anonymous U.S.-based web survey on cannabis use disseminated during the early phase of the pandemic (Full sample N = 1,883). We combined individual-level data with state-level policy data from Kaiser Family Foundation’s State COVID-19 Data and Policy Actions for three time-points from June to August 2020 that overlapped with the survey period. Cannabis sharing was dichotomized as any versus no sharing. We adapted a previously published coding framework to score the intensity of COVID-19 policies implemented in each U.S. state and averaged the policy score across the time period. We then used logistic regression models to quantify the associations of the average state-level COVID-19 policy score with cannabis sharing during the pandemic.
Results
Participants (n = 975) reporting using inhalation as a mode for cannabis use were included in this analysis. Most respondents were male (64.1%), non-Hispanic White (54.3%), with a mean age of 33.7 years (SD 8.8). A large proportion (75.1%) reported sharing cannabis during the pandemic. Those who shared cannabis more commonly lived in states with a lower average policy score (15.3, IQR 11.3–19.0) compared to those who did not share (16.3, IQR 13.7–22.7). In adjusted models, the odds of any cannabis sharing per every 5-unit increase in the average COVID-19 policy score were 0.78 (95% CI 0.58, 1.04).
Conclusions
Fewer individuals shared cannabis in states with more intense COVID-19 containment policies compared to those in states with less intense policies. Individuals who use cannabis may be willing to make changes to their behavior and may further benefit from specific and directed public health messaging to avoid sharing during respiratory infection outbreaks.
Variable Predictor of Non-Measurability for Fractional Flow Reserve Derived from Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography
Authors: Nonaka Hideaki , Yahagi Kazuyuki , Komiyama Kota , Oshima Asahi , Kawakami Toshinaru , Gonda Yuki , Tezuka Takumi , Yoshiura Daiki , Ishizawa Taiki , Sekiguchi Masahiro , Horiuchi Yu , Asami Masahiko , Yuzawa Hitomi , Tanaka Jun , Aoki Jiro , Tanabe Kengo
Published: August 2023

Purpose
The fractional flow reserve derived from coronary computed tomography angiography (FFRCT) cannot be analyzed in some cases (non-measurability). Current data on non-measurability is lacking. This study aimed to examine the non-measurability rate and factors associated with non-measurability in daily clinical practice.
Methods
This retrospective observational study included consecutive patients who underwent FFRCT analysis at our hospital. The primary outcome was FFRCT non-measurability (defined as an inability to perform quantitative analysis with FFRCT) rate. Factors associated with non-measurability were evaluated with logistic regression analysis.
Results
Among the 307 patients enrolled, 21 (6.8%) could not be analyzed. Heart rate at computed tomography examination and coronary calcium scores were significantly higher in cases with non-measurability than in those with measurability (heat rate: 69.6 ± 8.9 bpm vs. 61.0 ± 11.1 bpm; p = 0.001; coronary calcium score; 931.2 [290.8, 1451.3] vs. 322.9 [100.7, 850.0]; p = 0.008). Multivariate analysis showed that heart rate was an independent predictor for non-measurability (odds ratio, 1.05; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.09; p = 0.002). Based on the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, the optimal cut-off value of heart rate and coronary calcium score is 63 bpm (specificity, 67.1%; sensitivity, 76.2%) and 729.2 (specificity, 71.3%; sensitivity, 66.7%), respectively. In addition, the absence of two features (heart rate > 63 bpm and coronary calcium score > 729.2) showed a high negative predictive value (99.3%) for FFRCT non-measurability.
Conclusions
The rate of FFRCT non-measurability was 6.8%. Heart rate is an important factor in acquiring FFRCT values and, when combined with coronary calcium score, can predict FFRCT measurability with high probability.
Rapid visual nucleic acid detection of Vibrio alginolyticus by RPA combined with CRISPR/Cas13a
Authors: Wang Yanan , Hou Yachao , Liu Xinping , Lin Na , Dong Youyou , Liu Fei , Xia Wenrong , Zhao Yongqi , Xing Weiwei , Chen Jin , Chen Changguo
Published: August 2023

Vibrio alginolyticus (V. alginolyticus) is a common pathogen that infects humans and animals. In addition to causing serious economic losses in aquaculture, it can also infect humans. The rapid detection of nucleic acids of V. alginolyticus with high sensitivity and specificity in the field is very important for the diagnosis and treatment of infection caused by V. alginolyticus. Here, we established a simple, fast and effective molecular method for the identification of V. alginolyticus that does not rely on expensive instruments and professionals. The method integrates RPA technology with CRISPR technology in a single PCR tube. Using this method, the results can be visualized by lateral flow dipstick in less than 50 minutes. The method was confirmed to achieve high specificity for the detection of V. alginolyticus with no cross-reactivity with similar Vibrio and common clinical pathogens. This diagnostic method shows high sensitivity; the detection limit of the RPA-CRISPR/Cas13a-LFD is 10 copies µL-1. The results for 55 wild strains were consistent with TaqMan-qPCR, and it can be concluded that the methods have 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity. In conclusion, RPA-CRISPR/Cas13a offers great potential as a useful tool for reliable and rapid diagnosis of V. alginolyticus infection, especially in limited conditions.
Directed dynamic attribute graph anomaly detection based on evolved graph attention for blockchain
Authors: Liu Chenlei , Xu Yuhua , Sun Zhixin
Published: August 2023

Blockchain is gradually becoming an important data storage platform for Internet digital copyright confirmation, electronic deposit, and data sharing. Anomaly detection on the blockchain has received extensive attention as the foundation for securing blockchain-based digital applications. However, the current blockchain anomaly detection for obtaining network nodes' depth and dynamic change features still needs improvement. In this paper, we propose a blockchain anomaly detection method based on evolved graph attention. Different from general blockchain network modeling methods, we first adopt a dynamic attribute graph network construction method to model each transaction using edges to provide more learnable transaction attribute information for graph representation learning in blockchain networks. Then, we propose an evolved graph attention model structure, which learns the time evolution features of the blockchain network and dynamically updates the learning weights of the subnetwork nodes with different time steps while fully extracting the deep features of the blockchain nodes and avoiding the influence of noisy data on the classification results. In order to solve the dataset imbalance problem, we also apply the SMOTE method for graph-structured data on blockchain for the first time. Finally, we identify node labels in blockchain networks using a binary classification method and verify our proposed scheme through multiple rounds of experiments.
Zavegepant intranasal spray for the Acute Treatment of Migraine : A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials
Authors: Suresh Vinay , Bardhan Mainak , Dave Tirth , Shamim Muhammad Aaqib , Suresh Dilip , S Poorvikha , Dhakal Bishal , Bhonsale Aman , Roy Priyanka , Padhi Bijaya Kumar , Monteith Teshamae
Published: August 2023

Migraine is a prevalent and debilitating primary headache disorder with significant socio-economic and personal impacts. This study aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of zavegepant, a recently approved third-generation small-molecule calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) receptor antagonist nasal spray (BHV-3500), ), to be administered as a nasal spray in the acute treatment of migraine attacks. A search was conducted across multiple databases, to identify relevant randomized clinical trials (RCTs). After the study selection process, 2 RCTs (involving 2850 participants) and an additional trial for qualitative synthesis were included for analysis. The primary efficacy outcome assessed was freedom from pain at 2 hours post-dose, which showed a significantly higher likelihood in the zavegepant 10 mg group compared to the placebo group (RR 1.54, 95% CI 1.28 to 1.84). Additionally, zavegepant 10 mg demonstrated superior freedom from the most bothersome symptoms (MBS) at 2 hours post-dose compared to placebo (RR 1.26, 95% CI 1.13 to 1.42). Safety outcomes were evaluated based on adverse events (AEs), with the zavegepant 10 mg group experiencing a higher incidence of AEs compared to placebo (RR 1.78, 95% CI 1.5 to 2.12). Dysgeusia was the most commonly reported AE in the zavegepant group (RR 4.18, 95% CI 3.05 to 5.72). zavegepant effectively relieved pain and bothersome symptoms at 2 hours post-dose, however, it was associated with a higher incidence of adverse events, predominantly dysgeusia. In conclusion, while further research and clinical trials are needed to evaluate the long-term effectiveness and safety of zavegepant in diverse patient populations, the analyzed trials provide compelling evidence that zavegepant is a potentially effective acute treatment for migraine.
Tuning the spin qubit property of diamagnetic Zn(II) metal– organic frameworks via Cu(II) doping
Authors: Wakizaka Masanori , Gupta Shraddha , Wan Qingyun , Takaishi Shinya , Noro Honoka , Sato Kazunobu , Yamashita Masahiro
Published: August 2023

With the aim of developing a general method for the synthesis of molecular spin qubits, this work demonstrates a spin-center doping method based on the use of a metal–organic framework (MOF). As the MOF host, perovskite-type [CH6N3][ZnII(HCOO)3] doped with 5%, 2%, and 1% mol of Cu(II) ions is used. An analysis including X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, magnetism, and the complete active space self-consistent field calculation method confirm the presence of dopant Cu(II) sites with the S = 1/2 system. Magnetic dynamics indicate the occurrence of a slow magnetic relaxation via the Raman process under an applied field, with a relaxation time of 3.5 ms (5% Cu), 9.2 ms (2% Cu), and 15 ms (1% Cu) at 1.8 K. Furthermore, pulse electron spin resonance spectroscopy reveals spin qubit properties with a Hahn echo decay time of 0.24 µs (2% Cu) and 0.41 µs (1% Cu) at 4 K as well as Rabi oscillation between MS = ± 1/2 spin sublevels. These relaxation-extending effects stem from the weakening of the spin–spin interactions between the Cu(II) sites and can be tuned by adjusting the dopant concentration. This work demonstrates a new application of MOFs as quantum materials having fine-tuning ability for spin qubits.
Maximizing the decay of anti-plane shear waves in periodic pile barriers by topology optimization and its application in barrier design considering a moving load
Authors: Wang Xiao , Wan Shui
Published: August 2023

Mitigating ambient vibrations using periodic pile barriers has gained significant attention in the past decade. The width of the bandgap and the attenuation coefficient are two important factors that determine the vibration reduction capabilities of periodic pile barriers. In certain situations, significant vertical anti-plane vibrations may occur, such as those generated by subways. Therefore, the focus of this paper is to optimize the attenuation coefficients of anti-plane shear waves in periodic pile barriers. Firstly, a single-objective optimization framework is developed based on the Genetic Algorithm (GA) to maximize the attenuation coefficient of anti-plane shear waves in periodic pile barriers at a target frequency. The optimization considers the effects of the target frequency, elastic modulus of soil, and wave vector direction. A comparison between the optimized and traditional pile barriers is performed to demonstrate the superiority of the optimized design. Secondly, a multi-objective optimization framework is developed based on the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm Ⅱ (NSGA-II) to investigate the relationship between the attenuation coefficient and the filling fraction, as well as the relationship between the attenuation coefficient and the bandgap width. The results indicate that a higher filling fraction result in a larger attenuation coefficient, while there is a trade-off between the filling ratio and the bandgap width. Thirdly, an optimization framework is established considering the effect of a moving load, and the coverage rate of the target frequency range is defined to design periodic pile barriers. Finally, numerical simulations are conducted to validate the effectiveness of periodic pile barriers in mitigating vibrations when a finite number of pile rows is used.
Simulation of canal water availability for Bari Doab in MODFLOW calibrated model
Authors: Basharat Muhammad , Jawad Muhammad
Published: August 2023

The climate in Pakistan gradually increases in severity in the north-south direction. But irrigation allowances are almost kept constant, particularly in Punjab. The results show that climate becomes more severe towards the tail of the BARI DOAB commands both during summer as well as winter. The average annual rainfall varies from 713 mm for Lahore in the northeast to 209 mm for Multan in Sidhnai command in the southwest; and the ETo difference is 177 mm between the two stations across spatial domain of the BARI DOAB commands. DTW increases in the downstream direction of Bari Doab i.e. why canal water was reallocated. The canal water availability was simulated for Bari Doab in MODFLOW calibrated model. Here, the possibility of climate change was simulated by increasing and decreasing groundwater recharge by 15 & 25 percent of existing average canal flows. Moreover, in another simulation canal water was reallocated i.e. distributed equally all over the Doab in a way that recharge from canal and rainfall remained equal. Then in another simulation groundwater pumping was assumed equal to calibrated model and distributed equally. Graphs were also developed for depth to watertable. Moreover, areas declared as non-perennial were recommended for perennial allocations.
The Mindfulness-Based Digital Wellbeing Retreat: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis
Authors: Thomas Justin , AlJuraib Nada , Ashour Layla , Karunavira Dh.
Published: August 2023

Concerns about the health impacts of online activities, such as gaming and social media, have led to the development of psychological interventions targeting problematic technology use. The efficacy of these interventions is typically assessed using quantitative metrics, such as decreased screentime and reductions in behavioural addiction or mood disorder symptomatology. However, few studies have examined participants’ subjective evaluations and perceptions of these interventions. This study explored the experiences of seven young adults who participated in a mindfulness-based digital wellbeing retreat. Semi-structured interviews, focusing on program experience and perceived impact, were subjected to interpretative phenomenological analysis. Participants described varied struggles with technology, suggesting the retreat represented a safe space to discuss such issues while exploring alternative ways of being with their digital devices. The experience was valued for providing a connection to a supportive peer group and the natural outdoor environment. Participants also described developing a heightened awareness of their tech-use idiosyncrasies and maladaptive habits, leading to usage characterised by greater intentionality and choice.
The genetic architecture of differentiating behavioural and emotional problems in early life
Authors: Askelund Adrian , Hegemann Laura , Allegrini Andrea , Corfield Elizabeth , Ask Helga , Davies Neil , Andreassen Ole , Havdahl Alexandra , Hannigan Laurie
Published: August 2023

Early in life, behavioural and cognitive traits associated with risk for developing a psychiatric condition are broad and undifferentiated. As children develop, these traits differentiate into characteristic clusters of symptoms and behaviours that ultimately form the basis of diagnostic categories. Understanding this differentiation process - in the context of genetic risk for psychiatric conditions, which is highly generalised - can improve early detection and treatment. We modelled the differentiation of behavioural and emotional problems from age 1.5-5 years (behavioural problems – emotional problems = differentiation score) in a pre-registered study of ~79 000 children from the population-based Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child Cohort Study. We used genomic structural equation modelling to identify genetic signal in differentiation and the total level of behavioural and emotional problems, investigating their links with 11 psychiatric and neurodevelopmental conditions. We examined associations of polygenic scores (PGS) with differentiation and total problems and assessed the relative contributions of direct and indirect genetic effects in over 33 000 family trios. Differentiation exhibited detectable common variant heritability (h2SNP= 0.023 [0.017, 0.029]), and was primarily genetically correlated with psychiatric conditions via a “neurodevelopmental” factor. PGS analyses revealed a substantial association between polygenic liability to ADHD and differentiation (β = 0.09 [0.08, 0.11]), and a weaker association with total problems (β = 0.05 [0.04, 0.06]). Trio-PGS analyses indicated predominantly direct genetic effects on both outcomes. We uncovered systematic genomic signal in the differentiation process, mostly related to common variants associated with neurodevelopmental conditions. Investigating the co-occurrence and differentiation of behavioural and emotional problems may enhance our ability to detect and eventually prevent the emergence of psychiatric conditions.
Anisotropy and deformation processes in Southern California from rotational observations
Authors: Tang Le , Igel Heiner , Montagner Jean-Paul
Published: August 2023

Seismic anisotropy in the upper mantle reveals geodynamic processes and the tectonic evolution of the Earth. The two most powerful methods, surface wave tomography, and shear-wave splitting observations, cannot investigate the deep local anisotropy with good vertical and lateral resolution, resulting in poor constraints on plate deformation processes of the complex plate boundary beneath the Southern California region. Here, we show that the amplitude ratio of translational displacement and rotation makes it possible to retrieve the local anisotropy in the upper mantle. Azimuthal anisotropy in the asthenosphere is well determined and resolved in lateral and vertical directions. The fast axis retrieved from the amplitude observation indicates the local rapid changes in plate deformation and complex pattern of mantle flow, which is compatible with the distributions of horizontal mantle flow illuminated by geodetic measurements, providing new insights on geodynamic processes of the Southern California region.
Angular resolution of signals measurement in multi-base phase direction finders
Authors:   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics (TUSUR), Dubinin Dmitry V.
Published: August 2023

Angular resolution method of signal sources in phase direction finders with antenna systems in the form of linear, flat or three-dimensional arrays consisting of weakly directed elements is considered. The angular resolution of the signals is achieved by determining for each of the sources its own set of full periods of phase differences lost during measurements. It is shown that the maximum likelihood method developed for estimating the angle of arrival of a single signal is suitable for angular resolution of signals. There is given the received signals bearing angle accuracy evaluation.
Waveguide dual-mode bandpass filters based on half-wave resonators with stubs
Authors:   Siberian Federal University, Sorkin Alexander A.
Published: August 2023

A waveguide half-wave resonator with a stub and filter designs based on it are considered. It is shown that the location of the stub in the center of a half-wave resonator leads to an increase in signal attenuation near the passband of filters compared to filters based on half-wave resonators. Using this type of resonator, the pole can be obtained both below the passband and above. The geometric dimensions of the four- and eightsection filters with a symmetrical frequency response are given.
Experimental evaluation of decomposition pulse voltage in a double-sided PCB with triple modal reservation after failures
Authors:   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics (TUSUR), Medvedev Artem V.
Published: August 2023

The relevance of research on the rational use of redundancy by applying triple modal redundancy (MR) techniques to increase the resistance to ultra-wideband interference is highlighted. An experimental evaluation of the change in maximum voltage of decomposed pulses in a bilateral printed circuit board (PCB) with triple MR after failures has been performed. A special prototype of a double-sided PCB with triple MR with optimum parameters has been fabricated. SMD resistors were used as loads. At the far end of the redundant conductor of the PCB, a decomposition into 4 pulses at different input durations is shown. The maximum voltage changes before and after failures at input durations of 120 ps and 240 ps are 26.8% and 28%, respectively. The above comparison of the experimental and electrodynamic simulation results in the time and frequency domains showed their consistency. The maximum voltage and delay differences are 3.69 and 5.6 %, respectively.
Life-cycle models and security threats to the microchip during its development and exploitation
Authors:   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics (TUSUR), Belyakov Danila S. , Kalinin Evgeny O. ,   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics (TUSUR), Konev Anton A. ,   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics (TUSUR), Shelupanov Alexandr A. ,   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics (TUSUR), Mitsel Artur A. ,   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics (TUSUR)
Published: August 2023

The growth of Internet of Things devices has shown the need to advance the information security and more specifically the development and operation of microchips, as modern information systems are built around the latter. This article presents the lifecycle of secure chips used as the Root of Trust of information systems. The main stages of the life cycle of protected chips are described, namely life cycle models during development and operation by the end user.
Motion trajectory planning for a manipulator based on modified ant colony optimization
Authors:   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics (TUSUR), Goritov Aleksandr N. , Goncharov Kirill V. ,   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics (TUSUR)
Published: August 2023

Manipulators are widely used to automate a broad range of operations in industry. It is required to compute a motion plan for a manipulator to move the manipulator from the initial configuration to the goal configuration so that the manipulator can accomplish the planned operations. The motion planning problem is further complicated by the fact that there are obstacles in the work zone of the manipulator, collision with which is to be avoided. There exist many motion planning methods both for obstacle-free environments and for environments with obstacles. The group of motion planning methods based on heuristic algorithms is of a particular interest. In this paper, a research on the possibility of modification of a motion planning method based on ant colony optimization algorithm for building a motion plan for a manipulator is carried out. A modification of the original method, using probabilistic roadmap (PRM) method, is proposed. An analysis on results of modified algorithm with varied values of parameters of the algorithm is performed. Recommendations on the optimal selection of parameters of the algorithm are provided based on results of the analysis.
Pembangunan Dashboard Inventory Pada Bisnis Ritel
Authors: Adi Yusuf Giri Priyangga , Susanto Budi , Rini Maria Nila Anggia
Published: August 2023

In this study, it will be explained how to create a data mart in a retail business to answer the KPI (Key Performance Indicator) inventory of goods which will be visualized in the form of a dashboard to make it easier for company executives to see the condition of inventory in stores. In making a data mart, it will be explained how the ETL (Extraction, Transformation and Loading) process from a transactional database from 9 stores becomes a data mart. The data mart in this study was built using a star schema and produced 4 dimension tables and 1 fact table. Star schema is used to simplify the query process when you want to display data on the dashboard. After the dashboard has successfully visualized the data, then testing is carried out on users using the UEQ (User Experience Questionnaire) method to find out how the user experience when using the dashboard. From this study, it was found that the dashboard was able to visualize the total inventory of goods, consigned goods inventory, non-consigned trunk inventory in monthly, semester, quarterly, and annual periods. And excellent results on 6 scales of User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ).
León Rozitchner y el problema del sujeto. Una lectura filosófico-política de Freud
Authors: Yagüe Pedro
Published: August 2023

Ya desde sus primeras publicaciones, la pregunta por la constitución histórica del sujeto se presenta como un eje central en la filosofía del argentino León Rozitchner (1924-2011). El presente artículo analiza el modo en que Rozitchner, a partir de esta problemática, realiza un camino que va desde la fenomenología hacia el psicoanálisis, dando así lugar a una lectura filosófico-política de Freud. En la primera parte, recomponemos las continuidades y rupturas teóricas que lo conducen de Merleau-Ponty hacia Freud. Una vez realizado esto, analizamos el modo en que, a partir de su lectura de Freud, Rozitchner advierte la existencia de dos distancias (una interna, otra externa) en la constitución histórica del sujeto. A modo de conclusión, señalamos la relevancia teórica y política de la filosofía de Rozitchner y algunos de los logros y límites de su lectura de Freud.
Una articulación filosófica de la epidemiología epigenética
Authors: Martín Villuendas Mariano
Published: August 2023

Múltiples estudios experimentales han iluminado el potencial papel que las alteraciones epigenéticas podrían jugar en el inicio y estabilización de las enfermedades. Estas investigaciones han motivado el surgimiento de una nueva disciplina conocida como epidemiología epigenética. Este artículo tiene dos objetivos fundamentales. Primero, analizar y clarificar las principales dificultades epistemológicas, ontológicas y metodológicas que enfrenta la articulación de esta nueva disciplina científica. Segundo, estructurar un marco filosófico alternativo e innovador basado en un pluralismo científico que permita, en último término, integrar la epidemiología epigenética dentro de la actual práctica médica.
Phytochemicals of Promise in the Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Mitra Soumya , Chandra Mandal Subhash , Ghosh Nilanjan
Published: August 2023

Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by
hyperglycemia, resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. Type
2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is typically characterized by insulin resistance, wherein
there is a cross-talk involving obesity and inflammation. Symptoms of T2DM include
polyuria, polydipsia, and weight loss, often accompanied by polyphagia, blurred vision,
growth impairment, etc. The disease burden is often complicated by secondary
complications like retinopathy, nephropathy, peripheral and autonomic neuropathy,
increased incidence of atherosclerosis, peripheral and cerebrovascular diseases.
Advances in understanding the pathophysiology involved in disease progression have
led to the exploration of novel targets like glucose transporters, incretin-based
therapies, SGLT-1/SGLT-2 modulation, AR/PTP1B dual inhibitors, PPAR-based
therapies, NFκB and modulation of IRS for the management of T2DM. Various in vitro
and in vivo studies have strongly suggested the potential of phytochemicals for the
treatment of different pathological conditions associated with hyperglycemia and its
complications. Different secondary metabolites have shown promising results in the
treatment of different metabolic disorders, including T2DM, by different mechanisms
of action. This chapter aims to provide an overview of some of the major
phytochemicals, currently investigated for their potential activity against T2DM along
with the mechanisms contributing to glycemic control.
Discovery of Potential Lead Molecules from Medicinal Plants using in silico Molecular Docking Approaches
Authors: Srinivasa Rao Kareti , Subhash Paranthaman , Chandra Mandal Subhash
Published: August 2023

Natural products have historically made a significant contribution to
traditional and modern medicine and are considered one of the most successful new
structural leads and effective drug development sources. Secondary metabolites and
their structural analogues produced by suitable chemical or biological modifications
have helped significantly to discover new lead molecules from herbal medicines.
Moreover, 34% of prescription drugs are from plant-based or semi-synthetic
derivatives, which include anti-cancer, anti-Alzheimer's, anti-hypertensive, anti-psychotic, infectious diseases and immunosuppressive molecules. More than 80% of
people worldwide rely on herbal medicinal products and approximately 60% of clinical
medicines are prepared from natural resources. This book chapter deals with the
introduction to the phytochemical investigation, the significance and systematic steps
involved in the phytochemical investigation, characteristics of phytoconstituents,
selection of solvents, solvents influence and extraction procedure of natural products
and treatment of plant residue after extraction. Further, the application of in silico
molecular docking studies for the phytoconstituents detected from medicinal plant
extracts to identify novel possible lead compounds against disease therapeutic targets.
The key steps that enable natural product-based drug development and discovery with
recent technological advancements are summarized.
Screening of Natural Resources Through High Performance Liquid Chromatography
Authors: Prasad Mishra Ganesh , Pathak Manish , Kumar Sokindra , Singh Lubhan , Kumar Pandey Rupesh , Paul Prasanjit , Gidwani Bina , Kumar Pandey Ravindra , Shukla Shiv Shankar
Published: August 2023

Currently, analytical techniques play a crucial role in drug discoveries and
isolation processes. Different advanced methods are available for screening natural
resources into desirable forms. Among them, chromatographic techniques are the most
reliable and applicable for small quantities of samples. Chromatography is a technique
for separating mixtures that depend upon differential affinities of solutes between two
immiscible phases. One of the phases is a fixed bed of a large surface area while other
fluid flows through or over a fixed phase. The greatest utility of chromatography lies in
its ability to separate mixtures of solutes so that several individual substances may be
quantities isolated in a pure state. Separation and identification of a natural substance
can be challenging. Natural substances are a mixture of different components with
different physiochemical properties. They are available as natural sources in large to
small quantities in the form of a mixture. Herein, we are trying to explain different
types of chromatographic techniques and types of strategies adopted to identify and
isolate natural substances.
Herbal Medicines: From Bench to Bedside
Authors: Santosh Alex Thomson , Kaur Lang Damanpreet , Khabiya Rakhi , Dwivedi Akanksha , Kumar Jain Sachin , Sultana Yasmin , Pratap Choudhary Gajendra , Darwhejar Gajanan Narayanrao
Published: August 2023

Mother nature has provided us with a vast array of plants to be utilized as
medical remedies. Since ancient times, natural products have been and continue to be a
fertile source for the development of novel medicines and therapeutic leads, and
various research data conclude that more than 50% of the drugs in the market are
derived from natural resources, highlighting the importance of herbal medicine in
today's era. Recent research on medicinal plants has led to the rediscovery of long.known effects at the cellular and molecular levels. The absence of standardized
procedures in older investigations shows up in situations of biological activity.
Furthermore, traditional medicines with plant origins may be used as additional
treatment alternatives to treat various illnesses. More research is needed for a solid
knowledge of the herbal medicine system combined with current science that may
enlist functional leads foundation for deadly disease states at preventative, diagnostic,
promotive, and curative levels. Due to the many adverse effects of conventional
treatment consisting of synthetic drugs, there is a surge in demand for complementary
and alternative therapies, mainly herbal botanicals. With the paucity of empirical
evidence on the mechanistic routes of herbal medications used till now, the medical
world has had difficulty accepting them. As a result, there has been a surge in interest
in deciphering the mechanisms of action of herbal compositions. Our work will
highlight the various phytochemicals, such as flavonoids, alkaloids, glycosides, volatile
oils, resins, organic acids, amino acids, tannins, proteins, and trace elements
polysaccharides present in various plants that can be employed as a treatment option to
cure major diseases.
Comprehensive review of soil stabilization agents
Authors: Al Shorman B.
Published: August 2023

Abstract. Soil stabilization is a technique that is used in most construction projects to enhance the geotechnical and engineering properties of soil. There is a wide range of research studies related to soil stabilization techniques and agents, these studies discussed the effects of the different types of soil stabilization on soil, the most suitable agent type regarding soil classification, and the challenges that were founded during the application of these processes. Stabilization agents include traditional and non-traditional additives with their different categories were reviewed and discussed in this paper by presenting the results of the recent studies concerned with various types of soil stabilization agents in different laboratories and project tests with highlights on the enhancement of soil properties. In addition to increasing the compressive and shear strength parameters, Maximum Dry Density (MDD), and California Bearing Ratio (CBR) of the soil, the soil stabilization agents play a great role in decreasing the soil plasticity index, swelling, compressibility, porosity, permeability, and Optimum Moisture Content (OMC).
Best theory diagram using genetic algorithms for composite plates
Authors: Hinostroza M.A.
Published: August 2023

Abstract. Composite structures offer a practical approach for many engineering applications, but their design is complex and can result in excessive sizing due to limitations in current modeling techniques. BTDs minimize the number of unknown variables in a kinematic theory for desired accuracy or for a fixed error in the Carrera Unified Formulation. This paper presents a method for computing Best Theory Diagrams (BTDs) for laminated composite plates using Genetic Algorithms (GA). As reported in previous papers by the authors, a multi-objective optimization technique using a GA is applied to build BTDs for a given structural problem. The plate models stresses and displacements are compared to those of a reference solution, and a plate model performance is quantified in terms of the number of unknown variables, the mean error and standard deviation of the stresses and displacements. Also, with the objective of reducing the computational time, a Neural-Networks (NN) was trained to reproduce the mean error and standard deviation of the stresses and displacements for any plate model refined from a reference plate model is addressed. Numerical simulations were computed for laminated composite plates with previously uninvestigated boundary conditions and compare computational time for BTD calculation. The preliminary results show that the use of multi-objective GA plus NN method reduces considerably the computation time to build BTDs.
Characteristics of electrorheological fluids under single and mixed modes
Authors: El Wahed A.K.
Published: August 2023

Abstract. This paper is concerned with an experimental assessment of the rheological performance of Electrorheological (ER) fluids when utilized under single and mixed modes of operation. The experimental facility, which incorporated a dedicated ER cell, was developed to enable the instantaneous measurement of the mechanical and electrical responses of the ER fluid. The ER cell comprises a cylinder, which provides the reservoir for the ER fluid, and a piston. The cylinder is subjected to an oscillatory sinusoidal motion while the piston is fixed. The current ER cell was designed to permit the ER fluid, which is sandwiched between its cylindrical and circular gaps, to be energized either separately or simultaneously to simulate the fluid operation under either a single shear or a single squeeze or a mixed shear and squeeze modes, respectively. The transient rheological characteristics of the fluid were determined for various mechanical and electrical input conditions, which were done using a combination of displacement, force, velocity and acceleration transducers. The results have shown that the force transmitted across the fluid in squeeze is greater than that transmitted when the fluid is in shear. However, the transmitted force level was further enhanced when the fluid was utilised under mixed shear and squeeze mode of operation. In addition, the implications of the results to vibration control, where the ER fluid is employed in an engine mount, are discussed.
Biomechanical model for musculoskeletal simulation
Authors: Eltayeb M.
Published: August 2023

Abstract. Musculoskeletal modeling is a technique for studying joint contact forces and moments during a movement. Subject-specific models can achieve high accuracy in estimating joint contact forces. Construction of subject-specific models, on the other hand, remains costly and time-consuming. The objective of this study was to determine what changes could be made to generic musculoskeletal models to improve the estimation of joint contact forces. The effect of these changes on the accuracy of the estimated joint contact forces was evaluated. A variety of change strategies were discovered, including muscle models (e.g., muscle length), joint angle models (e.g., angle, number of degrees of freedom), moments and optimization problems (e.g. objective function, constraints, design variables). All of these changes had an effect on joint contact force accuracy, demonstrating the potential for improving model predictions without requiring time-consuming and expensive medical techniques. However, due to inconsistencies in the literature evidence about this effect, and despite the high quality of the reviewed studies, no trend defining which change had the greatest effect could be identified.