bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Natural vibrations of fluid in a well connected with the reservoir by a system of radial fractures
Authors: Bashmakov R. A. , Nasyrova D. A. , Khakimova Z. R.
Published: October 2024

The problem of natural vibrations of a fluid in a horizontal well with multiple fractures obtained by hydraulic fracturing is considered. A mathematical model of the natural vibrations of fluid in a horizontal oil well connected to the reservoir by a system of radial hydraulic fractures is constructed and the frequency characteristics of the natural vibrations of fluid as functions of the hydraulic fracture and reservoir parameters are determined. Using a numerical analysis of the frequency characteristics of vibrations, the effect of changes in the fracture width, the number of fractures, and the reservoir permeability on the natural frequencies is demonstrated.
ОЦІНЮВАННЯ ВПЛИВУ РИЗИКІВ НА ДИНАМІКУ ЕКОНОМІЧНИХ ПОКАЗНИКІВ У ЛІСОВІЙ ПРОМИСЛОВОСТІ
Authors: ЯРМОЛЮК Анатолій
Published: October 2024

У статті досліджено вплив різноманітних ризиків на динаміку економічних показників лісової галузі. Дослідження оцінює макроекономічні та мікроекономічні ризики, що впливають на цей сектор, використовуючи як якісні, так і кількісні методи для оцінки їх впливу на ключові фінансові та операційні показники. Дослідження підкреслює важливість ефективних стратегій управління ризиками для підтримки стабільності галузі та сприяння сталому зростанню. Результати показують, що некеровані ризики можуть значно знизити прибутковість і призвести до нестабільності виробництва, тоді як проактивне управління цими ризиками підвищує стійкість і довгострокову життєздатність.
ТЕОРЕТИКО-ПРАКТИЧНІ АСПЕКТИ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ПРОДОВОЛЬЧОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ НА РЕГІОНАЛЬНОМУ РІВНІ
Authors: КУЗЬОМА Віталій , КОВАЛЕНКО Дмитро
Published: October 2024

Статтю присвячено дослідженню проблем забезпечення продовольчої безпеки в Україні з урахуванням регіональних особливостей. Метою дослідження є аналіз, систематизація, узагальнення та удосконалення наявних теоретико-методичних засад щодо забезпечення продовольчої безпеки на регіональному рівні. Зазначено, що продовольча безпека є важливою складовою національної безпеки, і можливості її досягнення залежать від природно-кліматичних, ресурсних та соціально-економічних факторів, специфічних для кожного регіону країни. У статті проаналізовано роль світових продовольчих альянсів у забезпеченні продовольчої безпеки, на прикладі міжнародних організацій, таких як Альянс проти голоду та недоїдання (ААНМ) та Глобальний альянс з продовольчої безпеки (GAFS). Досліджено вплив природно-аграрних зон України на формування агропродовольчого потенціалу країни та визначено ключові регіони з найбільшим вкладом у виробництво сільськогосподарської продукції. Визначено ключові індикатори оцінки рівня продовольчої безпеки, серед яких фізична та економічна доступність продовольства, його якість та безпека, а також потенціал сталого розвитку агропродовольчих систем. Результати досліджень показують, що регіональні відмінності у рівні споживання основних продуктів харчування впливають на продовольчу безпеку країни. Дослідження дозволило відокремити чотири продовольчих регіональних кластери за ступенем продовольчого самозабезпечення: І кластер – група з 7 адміністративно-територіальних областей із високим рівнем самозабезпечення продовольчої безпеки (Вінницька, Волинська, Житомирська, Полтавська, Рівненська, Тернопільська та Хмельницька області), інтегральний коефіцієнт самозабезпечення продовольством знаходиться у межах 0,64-0,88; ІІ кластер –7 адміністративно-територіальних областей України із середнім рівнем самозабезпечення продовольчої безпеки (Івано-Франківська, Кіровоградська, Львівська, сумська, Херсонська, Черкаська, Чернігівська області), значення інтегрального коефіцієнту самозабезпечення продовольством знаходиться у діапазоні 0,66-0,79; ІІІ кластер – 2 адміністративно-територіальних області (Закарпатська, Чернівецька), із значенням інтегрального показника продовольчої безпеки 0,66-0,77; ІV кластер – 8 адміністративно-територіальних областей із низьким рівнем продовольчого самозабезпечення (Дніпропетровська, Донецька, Запорізька, Київська, Луганська, Миколаївська, Одеська, Харківська), значення інтегрального коефіцієнту продовольчого самозабезпечення на рівні 0,42-0,63.
Akibat Hukum Perceraian terhadap Harta Bersama yang Menjadi Agunan Pada Bank Nagari Cabang Pembantu Bawan
Authors: Marta Rice , Fendri Azmi , Delfiyanti
Published: October 2024

Pasal 35 ayat (1) UU Perkawinan menyatakan harta benda yang diperoleh selama perkawinan menjadi harta bersama. Bila perkawinan putus karena perceraian, harta bersama diatur menurut hukumnya masing-masing (Pasal 37 UU Perkawinan). Dalam penjelasan Pasal 37 UU Perkawinan disebutkan yang dimaksud dengan hukumnya masing-masing ialah hukum agama, hukum adat, dan hukum-hukum yang lainnya. Pasal 97 KHI menjelaskan bahwa janda atau duda cerai hidup masing-masing berhak seperdua dari harta bersama sepanjang tidak ditentukan lain dalam perjanjian kawin. Untuk mengembangkan sebuah usaha, harta yang didapatkan selama masa perkawinan biasanya dapat digunakan sebagai modal usaha dengan cara mengajukan pinjaman atau kredit kepada lembaga keuangan, baik itu lembaga perbankan maupun non perbankan. Adapun masalah yang dikaji dalam penelitian ini yaitu: 1) bagaimana akibat hukum terhadap harta bersama apabila terjadi perceraian dan akibat hukum terhadap harta bersama yang menjadi agunan di lembaga perbankan apabila terjadi perceraian? dan 2) bagaimana pertimbangan hakim dalam Putusan Pengadilan Agama Lubuk Basung Nomor: 80/Pdt.G/2020/PA.LB? Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif, dengan pendekatan kasus. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa harta bersama dalam perkawinan terbagi atas aktiva dan pasiva. Hutang yang terjadi selama perkawinan merupakan beban perkawinan. Dimiliki dan ditanggung bersama-sama oleh suami dan isteri selayaknya harta bersama. Apabila terjadi perceraian maka terhadap harta bersama yang menjadi objek jaminan tidak dapat dibagi-bagi. Adapun pertimbangan Majelis Hakim dalam Putusan Pengadilan Agama Lubuk Basung Nomor: 80/Pdt.G/2020/PA.LB menyatakan bahwa harta yang diperoleh selama perkawinan menjadi harta bersama suami isteri. Hal ini diatur dalam Pasal 35 ayat (1) UU Perkawinan juncto Pasal 1 huruf f KHI. Pasal 97 KHI dinyatakan apabila terjadi perceraian, maka bekas suami atau isteri masing-masing berhak memperoleh seperdua dari harta bersama sepanjang tidak ditentukan lain dalam perjanjian perkawinan, apabila tidak bisa dibagi secara natura, maka dibagi secara lelang. Pembagian harta bersama tersebut dibagi seperdua karena para pihak tidak mempermasalahkan kewajiban dan kontribusi masing-masing pihak terhadap adanya  harta bersama tersebut, sehingga tidak ada alasan bagi Majelis Hakim untuk menggunakan asas ius contra legem, yakni dengan mengesampingkan Pasal 97 KHI. Sehingga Pasal Pasal 35 ayat (1) UU Perkawinan juncto Pasal 1 huruf f KHI. Pasal 97 KHI dapat dikesampingkan oleh Majelis Hakim jika para pihak mempermasalahkan kewajiban dan kontribusi masing-masing pihak. Selain itu, harta bersama yang diperoleh selama masa perkawinan yang sekarang menjadi objek jaminan tidak dapat dibagi. Seharusnya Majelis Hakim dapat memberikan pertimbangan lain bahwa harta bersama yang menjadi objek jaminan dapat dibagi jika mendapatkan persetujuan oleh pemegang jaminan.
COMPOUND CRITIQUING APPROACH FOR LAPTOP RECOMMENDATION IN CONVERSATIONAL RECOMMENDER SYSTEM USING COLLABORATIVE FILTERING
Authors: Khatimah Ummu Husnul , Baizal Z. K. A.
Published: October 2024

This study proposes a method for laptop recommendation in a conversational recommender system (CRS) by integrating collaborative filtering with the Apriori algorithm. The CRS interacts with users to help them find laptops that match their preferences, allowing them to provide feedback or critiques on the recommendations. This research emphasizes the use of compound critiques, which allow users to express preferences on multiple attributes at once, leading to more personalized recommendations. The Apriori algorithm identifies frequent itemsets from these critiques, which are then used to iteratively update recommendations. Evaluation results show that the High Support (HS) strategy, which focuses on commonly preferred features, produces more efficient recommendations, with a shorter average session duration of 38.01 seconds compared to the Low Support (LS) 41.30 seconds and Random (RAND) 50.49 seconds. This approach improves the recommendation process by better aligning with user preferences, which in turn improves interaction efficiency. @font-face {font-family:"Cambria Math"; panose-1:2 4 5 3 5 4 6 3 2 4; mso-font-charset:0; mso-generic-font-family:roman; mso-font-pitch:variable; mso-font-signature:-536869121 1107305727 33554432 0 415 0;}@font-face {font-family:Calibri; panose-1:2 15 5 2 2 2 4 3 2 4; mso-font-charset:0; mso-generic-font-family:swiss; mso-font-pitch:variable; mso-font-signature:-469750017 -1073732485 9 0 511 0;}p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal {mso-style-unhide:no; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; margin:0cm; text-align:center; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US;}.MsoChpDefault {mso-style-type:export-only; mso-default-props:yes; font-size:10.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-font-kerning:0pt; mso-ligatures:none; mso-ansi-language:EN-US;}div.WordSection1 {page:WordSection1;}
Presentacion de la Revista Argentina de Ciencias del Comportamiento
Authors: Pautasi Ricardo M. , Cupani Ricardo Marcos , Godoy Juan Carlos
Published: October 2024

The Argentine Journal of Behavioral Sciences (RACC), which is endorsed by the Argentine Association of Behavioral Sciences (AACC) and the Faculty of Psychology of the National University of Córdoba, provides a forum for the rapid dissemination of original empirical articles, reviews and brief communications in all areas of Psychology and related sciences.RACC is published using an open access model. This implies that all interested readers can access the contents of the journal without the need for a subscription. Moreover, the RCCC does not charge publication fees to authors. The RACC aims to maintain standards of academic excellence. In that sense, it employs a double-blind peer review system.
Las propiedades de refuerzo central del etanol están mediadas por sistemas de opiáceos endógenos: efectos de los antagonistas de los opiáceos Mu y Kappa
Authors: Nizhnikov Michael E. , Varlinskaya Elena I. , Spear Norman E.
Published: October 2024

Endogenous opioid systems are implicated in the reinforcing effects of ethanol and may play a substantial role in modulating the central reinforcing effects of ethanol early in ontogeny. This possibility was explored in the present study through the use of an olfactory conditioning paradigm with centrally administered ethanol serving as an unconditioned stimulus (US). In Experiment 1, newborn rat pups were treated with either a selective mu antagonist CTOP or kappa selective antagonist nor-BNI prior to olfactory conditioning. Experiment 2 tested the effectiveness of an alternative, shorter-duration kappa opioid antagonist GNTI in altering ethanol reinforcement. Experiment 3 investigated whether the effectiveness of pharmacological blockade of opioid receptors was due to the disruption of learning per se using an olfactory aversive conditioning paradigm with intraoral quinine serving as a US. Central administration of either mu or kappa opioid antagonists prior to conditioning disrupted the reinforcing effects of ethanol in newborn rats. The kappa opioid antagonist GNTI was as effective as nor-BNI. These effects of opioid antagonists on ethanol reinforcement are unlikely to be due to a disruption of all types of conditioning, since CTOP did not affect aversive reinforcement to intraoral infusions of quinine. The present results support the hypothesis that in newborn rats, the reinforcing properties of ethanol are mediated by the endogenous activity at mu and kappa opioid receptors.
Construcción y valoración de las propiedades psicométricas del Cuestionario de Contextos de Consumo de Alcohol para Adolescentes (CCCA-A)
Authors: Pilatti Angelina , Brussino Silvina Alejandra
Published: October 2024

A new measure of drinking contexts in adolescents was developed and validated. Phase 1: 212 participants answered three structured open format questions to gather information regarding why, with whom and where adolescents drink alcohol. The pool of items was analyzed by a group of three experts according to the following criteria: item correspondence with two different theoretical models and item semantic correctness. According with the evaluation of the agreement between judges, a set of 47 items was obtained. Phase 2: 275 participants answered the Drinking Contexts Questionnaire –Adolescent form (CCCAA). Internal structure was analyzed through the use of exploratory factor analysis. A principal component analysis with oblimin rotation (promax) yielded a four factor structure. The measure was found to demonstrate very good internal consistency for the four scales: social facilitation, peer pressure, stress control and parental control. These results indicate that CCCA-A is a valid and reliable measure to assess drinking contexts in Argentinean adolescents.
Influencias de las b-endorfinas en los patrones de consumo de etanol y adquisición de una aversión al gusto condicionada mediada por el fármaco
Authors: Abate Paula , Caeiro Ximena , Vivas Laura Marta , Molina Juan Carlos
Published: October 2024

Rewarding effects of ethanol may be mediated in part by endogenous opioids. Ethanol alters ?-endorphin synthesis and release. ?endorphin heterozygous (HT) and knockout (KO) mice consume higher levels of a low-concentrated alcohol solution and show heightened predisposition to self-administer ethanol in comparison with wild-type (WT) mice (Grisel et al., 1999). This study was conducted in order to: i) reanalyze and extend previous results in terms of ethanol consumption profiles of ?-endorphin deficient mice; and ii) analyze conditioned aversive learning mediated by ethanol postabsorptive effects as a function of genetic capabilities to synthesize ?-endorphin. In Experiment 1, mice were evaluated in terms of consumption of a low (7%) ethanol solution in a twobottle free choice paradigm. Ethanol concentration was then increased to 10 % and voluntary intake consumption was tested. WT mice displayed significantly higher consumption levels and ethanol-preference scores than did KO mice, independently from ethanol concentration. HT mice drank more ethanol than did KO mice. In Experiment 2, mice (KO, HT and WT) were tested in a conditioned taste aversion paradigm in which a sodium chloride (NaCl) solution was paired with a 2-g/kg ethanol dose. Only HT and KO displayed a conditioned aversion when using 2-g/kg ethanol as unconditioned stimulus. The present results indicate that total or partial deficiency of ?-endorphin synthesis reduces ethanol preference and consumption. Furthermore, this study indicates that the lack of ?-endorphin synthesis exacerbates ethanol’s aversive postabsorptive effects which can in turn modulate self-administration patterns of the drug.
Problemas Relacionados al Alcohol: Bases Neurobiológicas del consumo de alcohol y Modelos Animales desarrollados para el abordaje de estas problemáticas
Authors: March Samanta M. , Miranda Morales Roberto Sebastián
Published: October 2024

The present review is focused on animal models for the study of alcohol use, abuse and dependence. These models have helped to understand several features of alcohol consumption, ranging from genetic influences to environmental factors such us early experiences with the drug. Additionally, animal models have been useful tools to assess the efficacy of pharmacological treatments as well as alcohol associated phenomena, such as craving, tolerance and reinstatement. First we introduce a short description of the neurobiological basis of alcohol reinforcement, focused on the opiate system. Then we cover several animal models, from genetic models, and models focused on the study of alcohol related disorders to animal models that emphasize the importance of early experiences with the drug in the development of alcohol use and alcohol related disorders.
Un tipo de interacción no considerado: la interacción de razón
Authors: Iyaca Eduardo
Published: October 2024

In factorial designs, the study of the interaction allows the researcher to determine whether the effect of one factor depends on the level of the other factors. In order to do so, the usual method is to consider the differences among the mean values resulting from each single-factor experiment. The present article proposes that the ratio among the mean values should also be considered, when the level of measurement of the dependant variable allows it. This makes possible the study of a kind of interaction that has not been considered so far, which is described under the name of ratio interaction. This paper discusses the usefulness of considering the ratio interaction.
Evidencia de renovación instrumental ABC previamente eliminada con los procedimientos de extinción y omisión
Authors: Bernal-Gamboa Rodolfo , Nieto Javier
Published: October 2024

One experiment used a free operant procedure with rats to evaluate renewal of a response previously eliminated by using omission training or by using an extinction treatment. All rats were trained to press a lever for food in context A. Then, the operant responses were eliminated in a second context. In this phase, half of the subjects received an omission training (i. e., delivery of food for withholding responding), while the other half received an extinction procedure. Finally, a within-subject ABC renewal test was conducted. The results demonstrated that all rats showed higher levels of responding when they were tested outside extinction context, regardless the procedure used during the elimination phase.
Flexibilidad cognitiva y control contextual de clases de equivalencia de estímulos según la naturaleza de las claves contextuales
Authors: Arismendi Mariana , Iorio Alberto
Published: October 2024

Contextual control of stimuli equivalence classes (SEC) emerges from second order conditional discriminations (CD): in this procedure, a stimulus can belong to different SEC according to the context. This characteristic allows the experimental study of flexible behaviors. The Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) also assesses cognitive flexibility, though by non-arbitrary criteria. In this study, the performance of 52 participants in a second-order CD task was evaluated, using contextual cues of different nature (arbitrary / verbal), and compared with their performance in the WCST. The results showed that, although verbal keys acquired their contextual function more readily than the arbitrary ones, they did not have a differential impact on the contextual control of SEC. Strong associations between performances in both tasks were observed. The results are discussed in terms of differences in the arbitrariness of the stimuli and the convenience of using rigorous procedures in the evaluation of relational flexibility.
Estructura interna y consistencia interna del índice de esperanza de Herth en habitantes de la ciudad de Arequipa.
Authors: Arias Gallegos Walter Lizandro , Ventura-León José , Caycho-Rodríguez Tomás , Román Gallardo Alessandra , Ceballos Canaza Karla , Zúñiga Núñez Carlos , Díaz Cano Cáceres Marcia , Lovón López Elmer
Published: October 2024

The article studies the evidence of validity based in the internal structure and internal consistency about the punctuations of the Herth Hope Index in a sample of 875 habitants from Arequipa City. The sample was conformed by 416 males and 459 females who are settled in eleven districts at Arequipa City, selected by the clusters sample technique. The abbreviated form of the Herth Hope Scale was used, which has 12 items and was applied previously to university students from Lima. The results indicate that punctuations of the scale are reliable, considering also, the evidence of its validity based in the internal structure that points toward the unidimensionality of the instrument with the effect of the reverse items.
Escala de probabilidad de perdón: Evidencias iniciales de validez y confiabilidad en el contexto peruano
Authors: Caycho-Rodríguez Tomás , Ventura-León José , Arias Gallegos Walter L. , Azabache-Alvarado Karla , Rodriguez Lucas Marcelo , Moreno José Eduardo
Published: October 2024

The present study analyzed the reliability and validity based on the internal structure of the Forgiveness Likelihood Scale (FLS). The FLS was administered to 499 university students from the city of Trujillo (228 men and 271 women) with an average age of 20.71 years (SD = 2.61). The confirmatory factor analysis provided adequate support for the one-dimensional model of 8 items with the presence of correlated errors (?2 = 35,133, df = 18, ?2/df = 1,952, CFI = .988, RMSEA = .044 [IC 90% .021, .065]; and SRMR = .0266; AIC = 71.133), in addition to showing a good internal consistency based on the corrected omega value (?corrected) of 0.83. The results suggest that the Peruvian version of the FLS presents adequate psychometric evidence to measure the probability of forgiveness in university students. Thus, it seeks to contribute to the advancement of the scientific study of forgiveness in Latin America.
Estructura interna del BFI-10P y BFI-15P: un estudio complementario con enfoque CFA y ESEM
Authors: Dominguez-Lara Sergio Alexis , Merino Soto César
Published: October 2024

The aim of this paper was to analyze the internal structure of two brief measures of personality, Big Five Inventory-15P and Big Five Inventory-10P, through SEM-CFA and ESEM, in 534 college students (77.5% females; Mage = 20.75 years) and 238 adults from general population (53.8% females; Mage = 31.75 years). The five factor model was evaluated with CFA and exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM); non-substantive competitive models were also estimated. In addition, the empirical differentiation between factors was evaluated by comparing the squared root of the average variance extracted and the interfactorial correlation. The reliability was estimated by coefficients ? and H, and we analyzed the difference between ? and ?. The results showed that the five factors structure were better represented by the ESEM, with empirically differentiated factors. The coefficients ? and H reached acceptable magnitudes and, in some cases, they differ from ?.
Affective Simon Effect: a study in children and adolescents
Authors: Zamora Eliana , Introzzi Isabel , Del Valle Macarena , Aydmune Yesica , Richard's María
Published: October 2024

In this study, a modified variant of the Affective Simon Task (De Houwer & Eelen, 1998) was used in children and adolescents. Thus, we designed a task in which the participants had to respond choosing a happy or sad face depending on whether the figure presented on the screen was an object or an animal, ignoring its affective valence (positive or negative). Our results showed that the Affective Simon effect was produced only in the children group. Likewise, it was found that performance improved with age, which indicates an improvement of the processes involved in the resolution of the Affective Simon effect. The results of this study are a first exploratory approach to the investigation of the Affective Simon effect in children and young populations.
Depresión en adolescentes peruanos durante pandemia: un análisis de redes
Authors: Sánchez-Villena Andy Rick
Published: October 2024

The aim of this study, with an associative and cross-sectional design, was to explore the relationships between the symptoms of depression in Peruvian adolescents during the pandemic and to identify which of them is the most central according to sex. A total of 2059 adolescents participated and were administered the PHQ 9. Through network analysis, it was found that the central symptoms of depression were depressed mood and fatigue followed by loss of interest. A greater interaction between symptoms was found in the female group. It is concluded that the main symptoms of depression in both adolescent males and females were depressed mood, fatigue or loss of energy and anhedonia. Although no significant differences were found, the first two symptoms seem to have more centrality in males, while anhedonia had more centrality in females.
Associations between screen exposure and children self-regulation: a systematic review and meta- analyses
Authors: Lee Florencia , Gago Galvagno Lucas , Castillo María del Pilar , Boscolo Martina , Elgier Ángel M. , Azzollini Susana C.
Published: October 2024

Cognitive and emotional self-regulation are essential skills during the first years of life as they predict the later development of other cognitive skills, academic performance and the presence of psychopathology. As the exposure to technological devices has increased in recent years, both in adulthood and early childhood, it is important to meta-analyze studies on this topic to assess how their use is associated with early self-regulation. For this, a systematic review and meta-analysis was carried out with the research of the last 10 years (2011-2021) on the contribution of technological devices to the self-regulation of infants with typical development. There was a total of 13,408 children from 0 to 12 years of 20 different associations outcomes. Effect sizes were measured as correlations (r). The results showed that the more time in front of a screen (measured as range time in a typical day), the lower the scores on the self-regulation tests will be (screen time [n = 20; r = −0.18 (95% CI, −0.26 to −0.09], with higher levels of interstudy heterogeneity.  There findings show that it is necessary to include research from another countries and analyze possible moderators.
Adicción a los videojuegos, calidad de sueño y malestar psicológico en adolescentes y jóvenes adultos
Authors: González Caino Pablo Christian , Resett Santiago
Published: October 2024

The present research took levels of video game addiction and tested a model of structural structures to determine whether videogame addiction predicted sleep quality and psychological distress. A sample of 612 young male adults was constituted, with a mean age of 21 years (SD = 2.95) of residents of Greater Buenos Aires and 40% in the Federal Capital. They answered a demographic questionnaire, the GASA questionnaire, a sleep questionnaire and the DASS-21 that measures anxiety, depression, and stress. The results indicated high levels of video game addiction and that age introduced differences. The structural model presented a good fit and addiction predicted greater sleep difficulties and less psychological well-being. The discussion will review the implications of this research and provide suggestions for future research.
Evaluación de las dimensiones del desarrollo socioemocional, cognitivo y motor en niños chilenos con Trastorno del Desarrollo del Lenguaje y desarrollo típico: Un estudio analítico
Authors: Iturra-Osorio Daniela , Allende-Valenzuela Tamara , Vargas Ríos Felipe Alonso
Published: October 2024

Recent evidence shows that children with Developmental Language Disorder (DLD) may present limitations in areas of development other than language. There are few studies in Spanish-speaking preschoolers that evaluate them, especially in the socioemotional and motor dimensions. The objectives were to compare cognitive, motor, socioemotional and language development between preschoolers with TDL and typical development (TD) and to correlate their language skills with the rest of the dimensions. Forty children with a mean age of 56 months were divided into two groups: 20 with TDL and 20 with TD. They were compared using the Test of Infant Learning and Development (TADI), and it was found that children with TDL performed significantly worse in all scales. When studying the correlations, the relationship between motor skills and receptive grammar in both samples stands out. The findings suggest the need for an interdisciplinary approach under an integrative vision of development that promotes the well-being of these children.
Teoría De La Mente, Lenguaje Pragmático y Comprensión Lectora: Una Revisión Sistemática
Authors: López Hernández Sara , Arango Tobón Olber Eduardo
Published: October 2024

La población con Trastorno del Espectro Autista (TEA) presenta alteraciones sociocognitivas propias del diagnóstico. La comprensión lectora es un proceso multifactorial que implica aspectos lingüísticos, psicolingüísticos y neurocognitivos que permiten el éxito en la comprensión del contenido de un texto. El presente artículo desarrolla una revisión sistemática de acuerdo con el protocolo Prisma que permite la recolección de información sobre la relación entre la teoría de la mente, las habilidades del lenguaje pragmático y la comprensión lectora en niños y adolescentes con TEA. Los resultados muestran una relación positiva y significativa entre las variables investigadas. Se concluye que las personas con TEA presentan dificultades en comprensión del lenguaje no verbal, en habilidades para hacer inferencias y en procesos pragmáticos del lenguaje. Estas dificultades a su vez generan limitaciones en la comprensión de la lectura, específicamente en la capacidad para comprender la intencionalidad del contenido de un texto.
Revisión sistemática de intervenciones para favorecer la actividad física desde una perspectiva psicológica
Authors: Koutsovitis Florencia , Garay Cristian Javier
Published: October 2024

Interventions to promote physical activity (PA) are interesting alternatives to other specific treatments to improve health, even though not all of them are based on psychological theories, which would favor adherence and maintenance of such habit. A systematic review of studies on psychological interventions to promote PA conducted during the last 10 years was carried out. The searches were made in the following databases: PubMed, Scopus, Redalyc, ScienceDirect and Scielo. Of the 491 articles found, 13 met the selected criteria. All, except one, reported improvements in psychological variables, with nine demonstrating significant increases in levels of PA. Only six studies included long-term follow-up. It is possible to promote PA through psychological interventions, however, the scarcity of studies with Spanish-speaking populations and the variability of methods used suggest the need for further research on the subject.
Generalization of the say-do correspondence in a child with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Montoya-Rodríguez María del Mar , Molina Cobos Francisco Javier , Ramón Cortés Ana Isabel
Published: October 2024

Say-do correspondence refers to the equivalence between what a person says he/she is going to do and what he/she then does. The teaching of this ability has been reported in many studies with diverse populations for several decades for the establishment of numerous adaptive behaviors. This study aimed to improve previous studies´ results sampling children with autism spectrum disorder. Training was designed which was based on the use of prompts to prevent errors and differential reinforcement, among other elements. In addition, the evaluation of the correspondence generalization was made on a pre-established stimuli class. The results showed that the participant managed to establish the say-do correspondence and non-correspondence as well as the generalization of this relation to untrained stimuli. Results should be considered for what it means when designing training procedures and generalization of the say-do correspondence with children with limitations in their repertoire.
Reconocimiento y adscripción de creencias en el niño. Un estudio empírico sobre algunos factores inespecíficos presuntamente asociados
Authors: Duero Dante Gabriel
Published: October 2024

Empirical evidence suggests that human beings develop the capacity to ascribe mental states (as false beliefs) at the age of four or five years old. This has been demonstrated through the use of different tests (appearance – reality, representational change and false belief tests). Three year old infants commit serious mistakes in such tests. Perner (1994; 1995) suggests that such capacities depend on the metacognitive skills that permits the comprehension of the mind as a representational structure. But its are not developed until the age of four or five. Leslie (1987; 1988; 1994b) sustains that such capacity depends on the ontogenetic development of a “paraintentional” modular structure in the brain. Leslie think that around the second year of life children express “mentalist” abilities. For Leslie, lack of executives capacities and lack of a mechanism responsible for coordination of inferences explain the difficulties of children in false belief tests. The objective of this work is to inquire why 3 years old children can not attribute false beliefs, in “false belief test”. The data shows that children are capable of solving problems that require mental adscription at 3 years old, as long as problems are simplified. This indicates that the reported low performance of 3 year old children can be explained in terms of general skills to compute information.
Evaluación neuropsicológica de la función ejecutiva en adolescentes con diferentes patrones de consumo de alcohol
Authors: Martinez María Victoria , Manoiloff Laura María Victoria
Published: October 2024

The principal goal of this study was to evaluate the neuropsychological performance in Executive Function (EF) tasks in adolescents with different patterns of alcohol use. An ex – post facto simple prospective design was used and three groups were identified in regard to alcohol drinking patterns (DP): light drinkers, moderate drinkers, and Binge drinkers. No differences were found in neuropsychological performance in EF tasks related to DP. Results of the present work highlights relevant issues that need to be considered in future works, like the importance of a better assessment of DP among Argentinean adolescents and the implementation of neuropsychological tasks developed to assess emotional aspects of EF, such us the decision making tasks.
Procesamiento cognitivo de las leyes de Morgan: un enfoque de toma de decisiones
Authors: Macbeth Guillermo , Fernández José Humberto , Razumiejczyk Eugenia
Published: October 2024

El objetivo del presente estudio consiste en proponer una descripción preliminar del comportamiento espontáneo del pensamiento humano en tareas de razonamiento relacionadas con las equivalencias lógicas atribuidas a Augustus DeMorgan. Estas equivalencias relacionadas con la negación de conjunciones y disyunciones se han estudiado previamente sólo en relación con silogismos, pero no desde la toma de decisiones. Se realizó un estudio exploratorio on-line para poner a prueba dos hipótesis. La primera hipótesis sostiene que la ley de Morgan para conjunciones es más fácil de reconocer intuitivamente que la correspondiente ley para disyunciones. La segunda afirma que los errores en estas tareas son regulados por un patrón cognitivo. La evidencia obtenida resultó incompatible con la primera hipótesis y compatible con la segunda. Se propuso un heurístico para explicar la inesperada facilidad con que los sujetos reconocieron la ley de disyunciones pero no la de conjunciones. Se propusieron finalmente lineamientos para futuras investigaciones.
Síntomas depresivos y agotamiento en personal trabajador del Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía
Authors: Velásquez-Pérez Leora , González González Margarita , Contreras-Cortés Guadalupe Araceli
Published: October 2024

There are stressors arising in the workplace that influence emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and lack of personal fulfillment of workers; the most vulnerable populations are those who have contact with the public. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of depressive symptoms and burnout syndrome in staff of the National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery. The Burnout Inventory (MBI-HS) and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) were applied. Secretarial staff presented the higher rate of depressive symptoms. Concerning the MBI-HS differences were found regarding the lack of personal accomplishment and feelings towards patients according to the different categories of workers.
Motivación y Lesiones Deportivas en Jugadores de Balonmano
Authors: Olmedilla Zafra Aurelio , Blas Redondo Amador , Laguna Tudela Maria
Published: October 2024

The aim of the study was to test whether different levels of motivation are related to the injuries suffered by elite athletes. The sample consists of 80 professional handball players of ASOBAL League, with a mean age of 24.83 years (+ 5.21). Motivation was assessed through the CPRD scale (Gimeno, Buceta & Pérez-Llantada; 1999) and a self-report questionnaire was used to register sports injuries. The results indicate that there is a relationship between motivational levels and the risk for injury. Specifically, players with high motivated players had a greater number of moderate injuries. Although it may seem paradoxical, it is possible that an excessively high motivation leads to overachievement and risk behaviors, which in turn facilitate the appearance of lesions.
Mediación Social en el Consumo de Alimentos en Ovinos: Condicionamiento Jerárquico por Edad como Herramienta para Controlar la Dieta en Rumiantes No Emparentados en Pastoreo
Authors: Ruiz Santos Paul , Verdes José Manuel
Published: October 2024

Conditioning of food consumption induced by Lithium Chloride (LiCl) treatment has been reported in different animal species. In ruminants, older animals are capable of transferring selective food aversion to the youngers. The objetive of this study was to determine whether food aversion in adult sheep induced by LiCl can be transmitted to non-relative lambs. Twelve animals, four adult ewes and eight lambs were used. Three ewes were conditioned with LiCl 200 mg/kg BW (orally) to avoid concentrate consumption, while the other one acted as a control. Food consumption of lambs was recorded prior to the trial, to define preconditioned basal consumption. After that, animals were assigned to four groups of one sheep and two lambs each, whose food consumption was recorded for a 20-day period in lairage. Concentrate consumption decreased significantly in those lambs that were grouped with conditioned ewes (p < .01). These results suggest that hierarchical conditioning in sheep would be a useful tool to control diet and consumption of potentially harmful food like toxic plants.
Variables cognitivas implicadas en la experiencia de dolor crónico
Authors: Moretti Luciana Sofía
Published: October 2024

Since the creation of gate control theory, the importance of psychological variables in chronic pain has emerged. Thus, the cognitive variables are emphasized in between behaviors, emotions and social factors for the explanation of chronic pain. Considering the gate control theory, cognitive variables modulate the other two dimensions of the chronic pain experience: the motivational-afective dimension and the sensory-discriminative dimension (Camacho Martel & Anarte Ortiz, 2001; Gatchel, Peng, Peters, Fuchs & Turk, 2007). The aim of this work is to review the main cognitive variables implicated in the chronic pain experience. Moreover, empirical evidence that support the importance of these variables is presented. Furthermore, it is discussed the clinical implications and the importance of this area in the local context.
Conceptos, conceptos animales: pluralismo y división de problemas
Authors: Aguilera Mariela
Published: October 2024

Charter and Heyes (1994) claim that the idea of animal concepts has no sense since it cannot fit with any of the current psychological theories of concepts (prototype, exemplar and definitional theories). But, as I claim, the problem of animal concepts is related to the problem of conditions of concept possession, which has been widely studied by philosophical theories. Psychological theories of concepts have focused on the nature of concepts; so they are inadequate for answering such problem. Nevertheless, it does not mean the labors of both disciplines must be unrelated. Instead, by adopting pluralism about concepts –inspired by recent empirical research on psychology of concepts– it is possible to articulate both disciplines. Besides, some methodological consequence on psychology of concepts should follow from the debate on animal concepts.
Acción intencional, intención en acción y representaciones motoras: algunas puntualizaciones sobre la Teoría Causal revisada y su posible articulación con la neurofisiología de la acción
Authors: Ibarra Romina Alejandra , Amoruso Lucía
Published: October 2024

By introducing the concept of intention in action John Searle helped to solve some of the main difficulties faced by the Causal Theory of Action. Yet, his modified theory raises new issues. Given this, the main goal of this article is to review certain problems posed by Searle’s Causal Theory taking into account recent advances in the cognitive neuroscience of action. Particularly, by using the concept of motor representation.
Explicaciones intencionales y explicaciones teleológicas de la conducta animal
Authors: Danón Laura
Published: October 2024

This paper examines two philosophical proposals about the requirements which must be satisfied in order to legitimately apply intentional explanations to non-human animals. Firstly, I evaluate Daniel Dennett’s intentional stance approach, and I present a well-known critique against it: the risk of over-attribution of intentional states that it comports. Secondly, I turn to Mark Okrent’s attempt to refine Dennett’s original position, by distinguishing between an intentional stance and a teleological one. Even when this strategy seems useful to deal with the problem of overattribution of intentionality, it faces its own problems. As I will try to show, there are behaviors of non-human animals that can be explained neither by the teleological stance, nor by the intentional stance. Finally, I will suggest that, in order to overcome this problem, Okrent’s requirements for the legitimate application of the intentional stance should be revised and mitigated.
La asociación prenatal entre un taco quimiosensorial (Cineole) y los efectos postabsortivos del etanol modula la respuesta posterior del operador a la leche con sabor a Cineole en ratas de 1 día de edad
Authors: March Samanta Mabel , Abate Paula , Molina Juan Carlos
Published: October 2024

Near-term rat fetuses detect and associate ethanol’s sensory and postabsortive properties. We aimed to evaluate changes upon operant conditioning in neonates, as a function of prenatal ethanol-mediated associative experiences. Prenatal treatments were: Paired group, dams administered (i.g.) with cineole and 15-min later with EtOH (2.0 g/kg); Long-delay group, dams received cineole 6 hours before ethanol intoxication; Water group, dams received two administrations of water separated by 15 min. On PD1 neonates were trained in an operant task. Two different learning conditions were used. Paired pups were trained under a FR=1 reinforcement schedule. Yoked pups received the reinforcer but, unrelated to their own behavior. Milk or Cineole-flavored milk were the reinforce solutions. Present results support the idea that ethanol-related prenatal memories modulate operant responsiveness when pups are reexposed to cues that predict toxic consequences of the drug..
Etología clínica y agresividad canina en Montevideo: implicancia de las razas y el sexo
Authors: Damián Juan Pablo , Ruiz Santos Paul , Belino Maria , Rijo Ruben
Published: October 2024

Statistics about clinical data is lacking in Uruguay. Herein, we present an account of canine behavioral problems recorded from different sources: a) clinical reports on canine behaviour, from 30 veterinary clinics in Montevideo city from 2005 to 2007 (n = 179); b) records of dog attacks to people (n = 992) reported at the Servicio de Atención al Mordido (Ministerio de Salud Pública, same period); and c) conflicts from records of Comisión Nacional Honoraria de Zoonosis (n = 44,000). Based on these data we discus common behavioral problems, types of aggression involved, the frequency of male / female, if they were neutered or not and the age at the onset of the first episodes of aggression. For each record we obtained an aggressive risk factor associated to breed. The results are consistent with international reports, where the aggression was the most common behavioral problem (58.9%), and dominance aggression has the highest proportion (56%). The RDPCC records revealed that the proportion of animals involved in aggression is similar in both genders. However, SAM-MSP records showed that males (71%) were a significantly greater proportion than females (29%). Our data from RDPCC showed that 100% of males involved in aggression towards people were whole, while 38.5% females were castrated. The first signs of canine aggression towards people were observed in first year of life in 56.5% of cases. On the other hand, while the RDPCC record suggests that Cocker breed tended to show more attacks of aggression toward people, the SAMMSP record pointed to the German Shepher as the more aggressive breed. The Rottweiler and Uruguayan Cimarron, occupied the first and third place respectively in the aggressive risk factor rank associated to breed, both in RDPCC and SAM-MSP set of records. This is the first descriptive work on dog behavior problems and aggression in Montevideo, where also is shows the implication of the Cimarron uruguayo race in aggression.
Estudio preliminar de las propiedades psicométricas de la escala de desgaste emocional para estudiantes universitarios
Authors: Fontana Silvia Alicia
Published: October 2024

The stated goal is to analyze the psychometric properties of the Emotional Exhaustion Scale (EES) (González-Ramírez and Landero-Hernández, 2007) in university students in Argentina. The results obtained in the EES were the verification of the unifactorial structure (KMO = 0,88; test of sphericity of Barttlet = 568,59, p = 0,000) and a high level of reliability (Cronbach ? = 0,86).
Educación multicultural y bienestar social del profesorado
Authors: Alonso María Lorena , Martínez-Taboada Cristina
Published: October 2024

La configuración de nuevas relaciones intergrupales e interpersonales que se producen en el contexto social de acogida como consecuencia de los procesos migratorios, posee implicancias directas sobre el espacio escolar. Teniendo en cuenta la existencia de diferentes modelos de atención a la diversidad cultural en las escuelas (Banks, 2009), nuestro objetivo consiste en analizar de qué manera, la mayor o menor presencia de alumnos inmigrantes en los centros, impacta en el bienestar social del docente. Se aplicó la Escala de Bienestar Social de Keyes (1998), adaptada por Blanco & Díaz (2005) a una muestra de 281 docentes de educación primaria (Guipúzcoa, España), distribuidos en tres grupos para su comparación. Los resultados indican que aquellos docentes que pertenecen a centros con mayor porcentaje de alumnado extranjero, son quienes presentan un mayor nivel de bienestar social respecto de sus colegas que pertenecen a centros caracterizados por la homogeneidad socio-cultural del alumnado.