bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MICRO-LEPIDOPTERA
Authors: Chambers V. T.
Published: February 2010

Anterior and posterior wings linear lanceolate, and apparently destitute of nervures. (In a single specimen of the hind wing, mounted as a microscopic specimcn in Canada balsam, a short costal nervure, a subcostal and an independent nervure close along the posterior margin, but not beginning at the base, are visible, but ordinarily I can fincl no trarce of any nervure except Perhaps the costal is visible; to all ordinary observation the wings are without nervures. Thc posterior are excised from the basal fourth of the costal margin to the apex.
MICRO-LEPIDOPTERA
Authors: Chambers V. T.
Published: February 2010

C. uegerfasciella, ante p. 114, and C. minutisimella, ante p. 125.

When the generic and specific characters of these insects were written –more than a year ago–I placed them, with much doubt, among the Micro-Lepidoptera. Sub equent examination has only served to increase those doubts, or rather, has convinced me that they are allied to the Hydroptilidoe, and are Trichopterous. if Hydroptila is Trichopterous. At the same time, it was partly because I was unable satisfacicrily to place them in Hydroptila, or any allied genus heretofore described, that I was induced to place them among Micro-Lepidoptera.
ON THE GENUS CATOCALA
Authors: Grote Aug. R.
Published: February 2010

Forewings dentate, pulverulent, of a rather lighter grey than C.unijuga.... Median lines black, single, not very distinct. A whitish space before the large bisannulate concolorous reniform. sub-reniform likewise whitish, closed, joined to the t. p. line, the latter jagged but without very prominent discal teeth. making a deeper and narrower sinus altove vein than in C. unijuga. Subterminal upright. dentate, shade (preceding the blackish line) distinct.
NOTES ON AN INTERESTING SPECIMEN OF PAMPHILA ZABULON, Boisd & Lec
Authors: Morrison H. K.
Published: February 2010

The identity of Pamphila pocahontas and quadaquina with the typical species zabulon has been universally acknowledged, although there exists no more positive proof than the fact that no males of these forms have ever been discovered. I have in my collection an intermediate specimen exhibiting plainly the characters of the original species and of the variety and sub-variety, and apparently a link between them.
NOTES ON APHIDES
Authors: Walker Francis
Published: February 2010

The following notes were suggested by “Observations,” &c" on Aphides in The Canadian Entomologist for July, 1873. The species noticed on Rumex crispus seems to have very much resemblance to A rumicis of Europe; some other species of N. America do not differ from those of Europe, but have been probably introduced by means of shipping. With regard to European Aphides it is well known that the winged female of many species appears in the spring, that the wingless female is more fertile than the winged one, that the winged state is, partly at least, by means of the diminution of quantity or alteration of quality in the food, and that the winged state enables the species to have a change of habitation and thus to continue its race till the autumn.
REMARKS ON RECENT NAMES GIVEN TO SOME LEPIDOPTEROUS INSECTS
Authors: Morrison H. K.
Published: February 2010

Looking over some recent papers, by one of our most careful and distinguished naturalists, well known by his contributions to all branches of Natural History, but more particularly to Lepidopterists by his exhaustive studies on the genera of North Anreriian Bombycidæ, we were surprised to see the numerous and apparently unnecessary repetitions of the same specific name in closely allied genera and families.
THE MILCH-COWS OF THE ANTS
Authors: Gentry Thomas G.
Published: February 2010

The above title, which forms the subject-matter of the present article, is one that has claimed the attention of the most eminent naturalists of all time. Although much has been said and written upon the subject, still there is room for more. As science advances in its onward march new facts are developed ; some of these have a tendency to subvert long established principles, others to conErm pre-existent notions.
NOTES ON THE EARLY STAGES OF SOME OF OUR BUTTERFLIES
Authors: Edwards W. H.
Published: February 2010

I herewith send you some memoranda of what I have done during the past summer, largely owing to the assistance of Mr. Mead. I consider it my most successful season in the way of obtaining larvæ eggs. One of the most interesting species we discovercd was Lycaena pseudargiolus. Mr. Mead noticed a female hovering about flowers of Actinomeris squarrosa, which is a weed found hereabouts in company with A. heliianthoides–the last being a thousand-fold most numerous-andl suspeceing that she was oviposing, he made a careful examination of the plant.
DESCRIPTION OF NEW DELTOIDS
Authors: Grote Aug. R.
Published: February 2010

♀. Larger thanBaltimoralis and differing at once by the parallel continuation of the transverse lines to the internal margin. The peculiar conformation of the dark median space, described by Guenée as resembling “une espéce de colé in Baltimoralis, is therefore wanting in scutellaris. Differing from crassalis, than which it is larger, by the inner transverse line being incepted on costa and joining internal margin without fusion with the outer transverse line. In coloration scutellaris is unusuallv bright and contrasted.
MICRO-LEPIDOPTERA
Authors: Chambers V. T.
Published: February 2010

Since the preceeding accounts of the genera Evippe, Eidothea and Helice were sent to the publishers, I have taken a single speciment of the species described below. Its small size, general appearance and the tufts of raised scales at first inclined me to place it near Laruna; but a, closer examination shows it to belong to the Gelechidæ, and to the same group (or subsection of Gelechia) witin Evippe, &c. and Gelechia difficilisella.
REMARKS ON LIMENITIS PROSERPINA AND ARTHEMIS
Authors: Edwards W. H.
Published: February 2010

It seems probable to me that Limenitis proserpina will be found related to L. arthemis, the two being forms of one species, as in Grapta comma and dryas, and I desire to call the attention of Lepidopterists who live where these species or forms are found, that they may observe them from this point of view. They are alike in size and shape, and so far as my experience and that of Mr. Mead goes (confined in both cases to the Catskill Mountains), they are always associated.
ON SOME OF OUR COMMON INSECTS.: II. CABBAGE BUTTERFLIES
Authors: The Editor
Published: February 2010

In pursuance of our plan of laying before our readers, from time to time, illustrated descriptions of the common insects of this country, we propose to begin in this number of our journal some account of the Butterflies belonging to the genus Pieris–familiarly known in their larval state as “Cabbage-Worms.” As stated by our coadjutor, Mr. Saunders, in the first paper of this series (C. E.,v., page 4), we do not profess to bring out any new facts or information of interest and value to the experienced Entomologist, but we wish to afford to our less scientific rerders plain descriptions, with illustrations, of our more common insects, in order that any one beginning to collect and observe may be able to identify and learn something about what he meets with.
MICRO-LEPIDOPTERA
Authors: Chambers V. T.
Published: February 2010

The former notice of this species was very brief and imperfect, having as there stated, been made from a single specimen which had been untimely nipped from its pupa case. since then I have bred and captured other specimens. It may be G. Venustella Clem., proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., 1860, P. 92,and re-described by Dr. Clemens, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila, 1863, p. 216. It does not agree accurately with either of Dr. Clemens' descriptions, but it seems to be a somewhat variable species, though some of the most striking marks in my three specimens are not mentioned by Dr. Clemens.
CANONS OF SYSTEMATIC NOMENCLATURE FOR THE HIGHER GROUPS
Authors: Scudder Samuel H.
Published: February 2010

Several years ago, the American Association for the Advancement of Science appointed a committee to reconsider the canons of biological nomenclature, and to report whether, with the growth of science, they requrired any additions or alterations. No report has yet been made, nor, so far as we are aware, is any likely to be presented, until the subject is again brought prominently forrvard and new instructions given. Professor A. E. Verrill has since repubiished the Revised Rules of Zoological Nomenclature adopted by the British Association for the Advancement of science in 1865, and has accompanied them by a few apt comments; in England, Mr. W. F. Kirby, in a paper read before the Linnean Society of London, has called attention to the extensive changes which a strict adherence to the laws of priority would cause in the generic nomenclature of butterflies; and quite recently has put the same into practice in his catalogue of these insects.
NOTES ON CASNONIA LUDOVICIANA, salle
Authors: Summers S. V.
Published: February 2010

Long, ·3o-·33 inch. Body elongated, glabrous, sanguineous, pilose. Head, disk of prothorax, and under surface black; head rhomboidal, middle wider than thorax, thence gradually constricted into a narrow rufous neck; eyes large and prominent; mouth parts, three basal joints, antennæ and legs rufous; eighth and ninth joints of antennae white, remaining joints black; prothorax elongate, cylindrical, piceous; humeral base and apex rufous, widest just behind middle, when viewed vertically two fine long yellowish erect hairs will be observed to arise laterally just before the middle, much longer than on elytra.
ON MR. SCUDDER'S SYSTEMATIC REVISION OF SOME OF THE AMERICAN BUTTERFLIES
Authors: Grote Aug. R.
Published: February 2010

Since it is conceded that the law of priority is invariable in its application to zoological nomenclature, it remains for us to apply it to the determination of our Butterflies. That some inconveniences may arise from the corection of errors, does not militate against our desire to be right. The question is, are Mr. Scudder's genera well founded, or, are his names entitled to precedence, not is it convenient for us to use them. without as yet entering an extended discussion upon the structural characters of our Butterflies, we will briefly notice Mr. Scudder's genera.
NOTES ON THE HABITS OF THE ANT LION
Authors: Moody H. L.
Published: February 2010

It was in April of 1872, while at Plymouth, Mass., with a party of friends in search of the Mayflower Epigæa repens, that I was so fortunate as to capture a specimen of the larva of this insect. It was quite by accident that it came to my hands. A friend and myself were lounging by the roadside, for want of better employment thrusting our fingers into the light sand, when with a jerk and exclamation my friend withdrew his hand to find this larva clinging with a most determined nip to a finger; it immediately dropped to the ground, however, and so quickly buried itself backward as to almost escape us, but a moment's lively digging revealed it again, and I secured it in a pill box.
DESCRIPTIONS OF NORTH AMERICAN HYMENOPTERA, No. 6
Authors: Cresson E. T.
Published: February 2010

The characters of this genus are given at length under the name of Tenthredoides (Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil., iv., p, 29o), which airpears to be synonymous. It may be easily recognized by the short robust body, rather lalge transverse head, stout legs, broad ampie wings (which are, gencrally fuliginous). and especially by the form of the marginal cell, which is rather suddenly constricted (or somewhat reclivate) at tip of second sub-marginal cell, and thence narrowed to the apex, which is somewhat incurved, and reaches the extreme apex of the wing; this, as well as the second and third submarginal cells, are indistinctly defined, the nervures being sub-obsolete.
MICRO-LEPIDOPTERA
Authors: Chambers V. T.
Published: February 2010

If the rule holds good absolutely that the same generic name should not be used in Entomologya and Botany, then Gracillaria must be dropped in one or the other. I do not know which has priority, but a name of a genus so old and well known as the Gracillaria of Micro-Lepidopterists ought scarcely to give place to an obscure genus of Cryptogamia.
ON SOME OF OUR COMMON INSECTS.: IV.—THE ISABELLA TIGER MOTH
Authors: Saunders W.
Published: February 2010

There are but few of our readers who are not familiar with the caterpillar of the Isabella Tiger Moth, one of our commonest “woolly bears,” and found, we believe, in almost every part of canada and the Northern United States. This larva, in common with many other members of the family (arctidæ) to which it belongs, hybernates during the winter. It acquires nearly full growth in the autumn, and then, having selected a cosy sheltered spot under bark, 1og, rail, stone or board in which to hide, it coils itself up there into a sort of ball and sleeps through the long and dreary winter, and about the time when the birds come back and the warm days of spring begin, this bristly creature rouses itself to begin rife anew.
HYPENA SCABRA (Fabr.) AND H. ERECTALIS, Guen
Authors: Lintner J. A.
Published: February 2010

In the examination of my last season's collections of Hypena scabra (scabralis, Guen.,) and “H. erectalis,” for sexual determinations, I was surprised to find of the former, only the male represented. and of the latter, only the female. Collections of each having been made during the same period of time (from September 1st to September 24th) and at the same place (the wall and ceiling of the piazza of my residence)– such a remarkable occurrrence seemed to be so removed from accident, and inexplicable from any difference of sexual habits, that I was led to suspect the identity of the two species.
MICRO-LEPIDOPTERA
Authors: Chambers V. T.
Published: February 2010

Black; head and face rufous ; palpi grayish white; antennæ. yellowish gray, annulate with black, tips, white; wings black, with a costal and dorsal white spot opposite each other just before the middle (sometimes united, forming a fascia), a white fascia (sometimes interrupted) beyond the middle, a costal white spot in the apacial portion of the wing, and near the apex an obliquely curved costal white streak; apacial portion of the wing bronzy, iridescent, ciliae grayish brown;
A GLIMPSE OF INSECT LIFE
Authors: BELL
Published: February 2010

while looking over some o1d memoranda a few days ago, I found the following, ,which may Prove interesting to the readers of the Entomologist.

In the summer of the year 1830, while residing in the northern part of the County of Northumberland, England, in the capacity of a farm student, I was requested to carry out a sentence of death upon a worthless cur, which had been condemned as an incorrigible cattle chaser.
NOTES ON THE LARVÆ OF ARGYNNIS CYBELE, APHRODITE AND DIANA
Authors: Edwards W. H.
Published: February 2010

I am now able to give the results of my attempts at raising the caterpillars of the three Argynnides, Cybele, Aphrodite and Diana, from the egg, this past season. In August and. early in September, 1873, females of cybele were easily obtained, and a few of aphrodite, which is a rare species here, and these were shut up in kegs, within which were placed pots of growing violets. The eggs rvere laid abundantly on the leaves and stems, and on the cloths which covered the kegs.
MICRO-LEPIDOPTERA
Authors: Chambers V. T.
Published: February 2010

Slate color, tinged with ochreous; apex of the abdomen yellowish ; two longitudinal dusky lines on top of the abdomen, which, however, are invisible in the dead specimen. Al. ex.,6/16 inch. Kentucky.

The case is ochreous, slender, cylindrical, tapering a little to each end, and compressed or pinched at the posterior end, so as to divide it into three small ridges. It is about half an inch long, and was found adhering to the bark of sugar trees (Acer saccharinum.)
NOTES ON THE SPECIES OF OODII OF LOUISIANA
Authors: Summers S. V.
Published: February 2010

The species belonging to this sub-tribe, although small in number, rank with the rarer forms of Carabidæ : they may easily he known by their glabrous body and the confluent eighth and ninth striæ of the elytra. Several of the Oodii bear a superficial resemblance to certain Amara allied to fallx. With one exception ( O. elegans) the species are all Atlantic, occurring more abundantly southward. Oades fluvialis must be considered a typical northern Species, occurring rarely near St. Louis, Mo., but more abundent at Rock Island, Ill.
ENTOMOLOGICAL NOTES
Authors: Andrews W. V.
Published: February 2010

Mr. J. E. Fletcher has a note in the March No. of Newman's Entomologist, on “Controlling Sex in Lepicloptera” He says :“ During last summer, I had a few larvæ of EXapate congelatella feeding on privet; as I was greatly occupied with other things, they were neglected ; the supply of food was very irregularly given and short in quantity, yet the moths produced from them consisted of four males, full sized, and eleven females, some of these latter being much below the average of the species in size.”
MICRO-LEPIDOPTERA
Authors: Chambers V. T.
Published: February 2010

For the purpose of comparing it with the other species, I quote here Dr. Clemens' description of A. splendoriferella.

“Head golden; antennæ fuscous, tinged with golden. Fore wings from the base to the middle leaden grey, with a splendant lustre, and from the middle to the tip golden, with a broad, nearly straight, metallic, silvery streak, extending from the costa, near the tip, to the middle of the wing, and dark margined on both sides.
THE LINNEAN SIGNIFICATION OF THE GENERIC TERM PAPILIO
Authors: Hagen H.
Published: February 2010

In a recent issue of the Canadian Entomologist, No. viii, Vol. vi, there appears from the pen of Mr. Scudder a paper on “The Linnean Signification of the Generic Term Papilio,” containing some statements on which I propose to offer a few remarks.

The data given by Scudder from Linné's works are-save some minor typographical errors-correct, excepting in two important points. On p. 144 he says “in the year 1846 the first edition of the Fauna Suecica was published, in which Linne for the first time treats of species, giving to them names in the language of the country,” (The italics are mine.)
MICRO-LEPIDOPTERA
Authors: Chambers V. T.
Published: February 2010

Can there be two Antispila miners of the Dog-wood? Either there must be, and my specimens are specifically distinct from this species, or Dr. Clements' description is strangely erroneous in at least one particular, viz., the color of the fascia and streaks, which he says are golden in cornifoleilla, but which are silvery white in my specimens, all of which six in number–agree exactly in ornamentation, and all but one of which are bred specimens. The species of the genus generally resemble each other very closely, and some recognized species do not differ from each other more than my specimens do from Dr. Clemens' description.
STRAY NOTES ON CANADIAN DIPTERA
Authors: Morris Beverley R.
Published: February 2010

The following fragmentary notes are submitted to the readers of the Canadian Entomologist in the hope that they may assist in even a small measure in determining the number of this order occurring in the Dominion.

When in Canada I only incidentally captured Diptera, and the number I possess is very limited. I am indebted to F. Smith, Esq., of the British Museum, for the names of those given below.
ON SOME CHANGES IN THE NOMENCLATURE OF NORTH AMERICAN COLEOPTERA, WHICH HAVE BEEN RECENTLY PROPOSED
Authors: Leconte John L.
Published: February 2010

Since the issue of the Check List of N. A. Coleoptera by the late Mr. G. R. crotch, I have been asked by several persons interested in that branch of science, if I would advise them to change the labels in their collections in accordance with the nomenclature of several familiar genera as therein set forth. To all such applicants I have answered, that such changes are not expedient, unless they are fully, convinced of the propriety of admitting them. For my part, I considered them quite unnecessary, and still further, contrarry to the code of laws of nomenclature under which I supposed we were acting.
ON ENTOMOLOGICAL NOMENCLATURE
Authors: Leconte John L.
Published: February 2010

The discussions upon the subject of nomenclature in Zoology, and especially in the department of Entomology, have recently become very perplexing to American students. Many who have been unable either by want of time or lack of opportunity, to consult old works, which are to be found in but few libraries, are called upon suddenly to decide for themselves, whether they will or will not adopt changes in the names of some of the most familiar and best known objects.
ON THE INSECTS MORE PARTICULARLY ASSOCIATED WITH SARRACENIA VARIOLARIS (Spotted Trumpet-Leaf.)
Authors: Riley Chas. V.
Published: February 2010

The insect-catching powers of those curious plants, the Fly-traps (Dionæ), the Sun-dews (Drosera) and the Trumpet-leaves (Sarracenia) have always attracted the attention of the curious, but renewed interest has been alvakened in them by virtue of the interesting experiments and observations on their structure, habit and function, that have lately been recorded, and especially by the summing up of these observations in some charming papers by Prof. Asa Gray, which recently appeared in The Nation and The New York Tribune, under the title of “Insectivorous Plants.”
THE FOOD-PLANTS OF EUROPEAN BUTTERFLIES
Authors: Scudder S. H.
Published: February 2010

Kaltenbach is publishing a work entitled Die Pflanzen-Feindeaus der Classe der Insecten, two parts of which have appeared and carry the investigation through the willows. He enumerates all the German insects known to feed upon particular plants ; annotated lists of more than three hundred species of insects are sometimes ascribed to a single tree.
PRELIMINARY CATALOGUE OF THE NOCTUIDÆ OF CALIFORNIA.: Part II
Authors: Grote Aug. R.
Published: February 2010

The specimens are hardly to be distinguished from Eastern material; they are perhaps a little larger, and of a little different tone of color. My determination of this species as lycarum H.-S., based on a figure, is probably incorrect. It seems possible that Harris has described. A. Cochranii under the name messoria, which should then be retained. More Material of A. fuscigerus (ante No. 15) shows that this is a good but variable species, both in size and color. There is always a uniformity in the disposition of the ground tint over the primaries above, and usually the broad inner lunulations of the t. p. line and the median shade are characteristic.
THE LARVÆ OF DEPRESSARIA DUBITELLA AND GELECHIA RUBENSEELA
Authors: Murtfeldt Mary E.
Published: February 2010

Being much interested in the Tineidæ, Mr. chambers' articles on this family of moths are the first to receive attention as the successive numbers of your magazine come to hand.

I have had the satisfaction of rearing from their larvæ many of the winged gems described in your pages, among others the twospecies named above. Now, as Mr. C. seems to have been in some doubt as to his own determination of these specics, of which he has as yet-as he informs me seen only the imagines, it occurs to me that a description of their larval characteristics might affors some aid in deciding the doubtful points.
ON ENTOMOLOGICAL NOMENCLATURE
Authors: Leconte John L.
Published: February 2010

“Ignorato genere proprio, nulla descriptio, quamvis accurate tradita certum demonstret; sed plerumque fa11at.”-Cæsalp. apud Linn., SystNat., xii, 1, 13.

In the first part of this essay I endeavored to show the confusion which resulted from the application of the law of priority to the names employed in the early development of our science by persons who had no idea corresponding to the law which has since been formulated. We will now attempt to discuss the second great fallacy in the exegesis of the writings of the founders of the science ; the selection on principles, more or less arbitrary, but always opinionative, of generic types, when these have not been explicitly mentioned by the author.
TINEINA FROM TEXAS
Authors: Chambers V. T.
Published: February 2010

A collection of Tineina received from Mr. Belfrage, of Waco, Texas, presents some points worthy of mention apart from the descriptions of the new species.

The collection consists of about two hundred and fifty specimens in tolerably good condition, referable to seventy-six species and twenty-seven genera. Such a number of genera and species is evidently typical of the Tineina of thelocality where they were collected.
NOTES ON COLLECTING CATOCALAS
Authors: Bunker Robert
Published: February 2010

In many respects the Catocalas are among the most interesting of the moths. The contrast of color between their fore and hind wings renders them objects of great beauty, and hence these fair forms of the woods are eagerly sought after by collectors. My spare time this season was spent in collecting Catocalas. In this part of the country they may be found from the first of June till the first of November.Amasia and ultronia are seen first; I took a fine amasia on the 29th of May, and an ultronia on the 10th of June, cara and several other species may be found as late as the first of November.
ON THE SPECIES REFERRED TO ORTHODES BY GUENEE
Authors: Morrison H. K.
Published: February 2010

In Mr. Grote's recent “List of the Noctuidæ” four of the five species described by Guenæe are marked unidentified. With a very large material(nearly 100 specimens of the different species, for many of which we are indebted to Mr. F. C. Bowditch, who has found them common in the vicinity of Boston) before us, we have attempted to straighten out the species and to characterize the two genera to which we refer them.
ON ANISOPTERYX VERNATA AND POMETARIA
Authors: Morrison H. K.
Published: February 2010

There has been some coufusion lately in regard to the limits and synonymy of these two common species, partially due to Dr. Harris' unsatisfactory reference to them in his “Report on the Insects of Massachusetts.” 1841. and to the inaccessibility of Prof. Peck's original descripticn of A. vernata.

In the numerous notes on these species and references to them in recent publications, they are in nearly allcases confounded together or wrongly determined; and I have not found them correctly named in a single collection which I have examined.
HESPERIA PAWNEE. N. sp
Authors: Dodge G. M.
Published: February 2010

Male expands 1.45 inches. Primaries above fulvous. Subcostal, submedian and subdorsal veins black at the base. Stigma black and conspicuous, followed by a dusky shade. A small black line at the extremity of the disk is preceded by a yellowish white or semi-transparent spot in the disk ; a similar spot, triangular in shape, appears between the first and second median veinlets at their divarication, and two others between the sixth and seventh subcostal veinlets
ON MR. COUPER'S COLLECTIONS OF LEPIDOPTERA MADE ON ANTICOSTI ISLAND IN 1873
Authors: Grote Aug. R.
Published: February 2010

The butterflies collected by Mr. Couper have been already enumerated in the “Bulletin of the Buffalo Society of Natural Sciences.” They were : Vanessa atalanta, Argynnis atlantis, Phyciodes tharos, Glaucopsyche Couperi, Cyaniris lucia, Ganoris oleracea var. borealis, Papilio brevicauda and, Cycloypides mandan. The moths, as far as the Geometridæ, have been determined by me and were as follows
REMARKABLE VARIATIONS IN COLORATION, ORNAMENTATION, &c., OF CERTAIN CREPUSCULAR AND NOCTURNAL LEPIDOPTEROUS LARVÆ
Authors: Gentry Thomas G.
Published: February 2010

Having spent considerable time during the past season in the collection and study of various larval forms of our twilight and night-fliers, I was peculiarly impressed with the novel colors, markings, and external structural characters presented by those that were taken late in the autumn, at the period when the leaves were donning their autumnal hues. To one who has rendered himself familiar rvith their usual outward characters, a moment's inspection was sufficient to show a marked contrast between those taken early in the season, when the leaves were fresh and green, and those captured later, when the foliage of the trees had sustained a check to their vitality. That these larval changes have a producing cause it shall be my aim to show in the conclusion of the present article.
MICRO-LEPIDOPTERA
Authors: Chambers V. T.
Published: February 2010

The little insect which I have made the type of this new genus, unites in itself the characters of several genera.

Tongue naked, about as long as the maxillary palpi, which nearly conceal it. The maxillary palpi are about as long as the labial palpi and in the dead insect are laid upon the coxae ; they are rather densely scaled, the scales being somewhat roughened.
ON GENERA IN THE MOTHS
Authors: Grote A. R.
Published: February 2010

Since I am recently criticized for erecting new genera in the Sphingidæ as it is thought unnecessarily, I have put together some of my thoughts on the subject in the present Paper. In a review, the friendly spirit of which I most gladly recognize, Mr. Moschler speaks of my division of the old genus Smerinthus, which I have restrictcd to the type ocellatus, geminatus, &c.,and says in effect that since hybrids are known to occur between certain of the species, these could not be generically or tribally separated.
ON A NEW SPECIES OF TRICOPIS AND HOMOHADENA, AND REMARKS ON HOMOHADENA INDUTA
Authors: Harvey Leon F.
Published: February 2010

This species, collected by Mr. G. H. Belfrage, in Bosque Co., Texas, Sept. 16th, differs from T. chrysellus by the broader, more olivaceous basal and median fasciae, narrowly united along the hind margin of the wing. The white fields of the primaries are thus less extended than in its congener. Subterminal line diffusely shaded with olivaceous, as is the terminal margin, leaving a whitish apical space. . Fringes whitish, thorax light olivaceous. Hind wings less purely white, with a terminal olivaceous shading.
ON LYCÆNA NEGLECTA, Edw
Authors: Lintner J. A.
Published: February 2010

In the very interesting paper of Mr. W. H. Edwards, published in the May number of this journal, in which another valuable addition is made to the knowledge of our Lepidoptera, by the identity therein shown of the Lycænas pseudargiolus and violacea–autumnal and vernal forms of the same species–it is suggested that neglecta and lucia may prove to bear the same relationship to one another.
ON SOME OF OUR COMMON INSECTS.: THE LUNA MOTH—Actias luna Linn
Authors: Rogers R. V.
Published: February 2010

If any of the insect host is a proof of high art in nature, and of the beauty of the creator's thoughts, it is most assuredly the fair creature whose name is mentioned above. Allied to families whose members are among the greatest of the insect world, and having cousins and connections surpassing in size and beauty all others of their kingdom in this Dominion, still this moth is as pre-eminent above its fellows as is its namesake–the fair empress of the sky–above the lesser lights that rule the night.
DESCRIPTION OF A NEW CALIFORNIAN AGROTIS
Authors: Chambers V. T.
Published: February 2010

♀.Fore tibiae unarmed; middle and hind tibiae spinose. By the flattened abdomen allied to cupidissima. Fore wings dark blackish brown, with the terminal space paler, somewhat olivaceous. As in exsertistigma, the orbicular is open, triangulate, bloadly pale margined, fusing superiorly with a pale subcostal shade extending from the base of the wing above this spot. Unlike exsertistigma, the orbicular and reniform are black, the ground color of the median space about them being powdered with deep yellow.
TINEINA FROM CANADA
Authors: Chambers V. T.
Published: February 2010

This beautiful and well known European insect is now for the first time discovered in this country. I quote Mr. Sainton's description from Ins. Brit., v. 3, p. 187. “Head yellowish white. Face and palpi white. Antennæ white, annulate with fuscous. Anterior wings white, sometimes suffused with golden, with an oblique golden fascia from the base of the costa.
NOTES ON THE LIFE HISTORY OF THE AMERICAN TIGER MOTH
Authors: Bunker Robert
Published: February 2010

Egg spherical, .04 inch in diameter, honey yelloW, shiny and smooth as polished glass; laid in straight rows. Larva, when first hatched,one eighth of an inch long, head small and black, body dark brown clothed with ten longitudinal rows of bunches of spreading hairs; dark brown on the sides, dark gray on the back. First moult somewhat increased in size, color unchanged. Second moult 3/8 inch long, dark sooty brown; hair dark brown on the sides, grayish brown above.
DESCRIPTION OF PACHNOBIA ORILLIANA
Authors: Grote Aug. R.
Published: February 2010

Both sexes of a species of Pachnobia have been collected by Mr. Geo Norman, at Orilla, which I propose to call by the name of orilliana. It is evidently allied to Agrotis hyperborea, which I know only from Milliére's and Herrich-Schaeffer's illustrations. It looks at first sight like a species of Graphiphora (Taeniocampa).

All the tibiae are spinose. The head is sunken, eyes naked, abdomen short. The wings are wide, the male antennae shortly pectinate, serose. The color is not unlike that of Graph. incerta, but more olivaceous.
THE EFFECT OF THE GLACIAL EPOCH UPON THE DISTRIBUTION OF INSECTS IN NORTH AMERICA
Authors: Grote Aug. R.
Published: February 2010

From the condition of an hypothesis the glacial epoch has been elevated into that of a theory by the explanations it has afforded to a certain class of geological phenomena. The present paper endeavors to show that certain zoological facts are consistent with the presence, during past times, of a vast progressive field of ice, which, in its movement from north to south, gradually extended over large portions of the North American continent. These facts, in the present instance, are furnished by a study of our Lepidoptera, or certain kinds of butterflies and moths now inhabiting the United States and adjacent territories.
ON A NEW CANADIAN LITHOPHANE AND SCOPELOSOMA
Authors: Grote A. R.
Published: February 2010

Mr. George Norman has recently taken a number of the species of the genus Lithophane at Orillia. In a recent letter, Mr. Norman records the capture of petulca, ferrealis, disposita, Bethunci, semiusta, and “that lovely oriunda, a single specimen.” Mr. Norman also finds a number of specimens of a large light grey species allied to laticinerea, but differing from that species and cinerea in the position of the stigmata, the color, and the shape of the subterminal line. I propose to call the species Lithophane Georgii, after its discover.
NOTES ON CERTAIN SPECIES OF ARCTIA
Authors: Grote A. R.
Published: February 2010

A male specimen taken by the late Mr. C. T. Robinson, at Brewster's, N. Y., varies by the fore wings being black, the veins broadly bordered by flesh color. The ordinary triangulate black interspaceal markings have all fused. Hind wings shaded entirely with blackish, none of the usual spots being visible. Beneath as above. Body as in the type.
NOTES ON THE LARVA OF CATOCALA ILIA, Cram
Authors: Caulfield F. B.
Published: February 2010

On June 15th, 1874, Mr. Wm. Couper, while collecting on Montreal Mountain, found a larva on Oak, which he kindly gave to me. It appeared fully grown, and was a little over two inches in length. Body onisciform ; general color, gray. Head heart-shaped, strongly bilobed, pale green, with white blotches, twelve short black hairs in front, and near the top of the head there are four small tubercles of a white color, each of which is tipped with a black hair ; head surrounded with a broken border of dark streaks.
AN ABSTRACT OF DR. AUG. WEISMANN'S PAPER ON “THE SEASONAL-DIMORPHISM OF BUTTERFLIES.”
Authors: Edwards W. H.
Published: February 2010

Dr. Weismann has lately published an account of certain experiments made by him during a course of years with a view to determining the facts relating to seasonal-dimorphism, and from them to deduce the reasons for the phenomena. As several North American butterflies are thus dimorphic. I have thought that the substance of Dr. Weismann's paper would be interesting to the readers of the Entomologist, it being too long to print in full.
CAPTURES OF NOCTUIDÆ AT ST. CATHARINES, ONT
Authors: Norman Geo.
Published: February 2010

In the spring of this year I commenced collecting the Nectuæof this part of Canada, and in the hope that a list of my captures, with the dates of appearance, may be of interest, I venture to send the same for publication.

Being a stranger to the insect fauna of N. America, and in the absence of anything like a manual of the Heterocera, I shouls, even with the assistance of the Brit. Mus. Catalogues and Gueneæ's work, have had great difficulty in identifying my specimens.
NOTES ON THE LARVA OF GRAPTA FAUNUS Edwards
Authors: Caulfield F. B.
Published: February 2010

On the 6th of June, 1874, I found on a wild gooseberry bush four larvæ of Grapta faunus Edwards. Length of full grown larva, 1¼ inch ; form cylindrical ; head flat in front, black, furnished with two branching horns and a few scattered white hairs ; a yellow V-shaped stripe in front ; the base between the horns, the ends pointing towards the mandibles ; mandibles black.
TINEINA FROM TEXAS
Authors: Chambers V. T.
Published: February 2010

The publication of the paper on this genus in the February number of this magazine, in its present form, was unfortunate, and resulted from a misunderstanding by the Editor of a letter addressed by me to him. The paper was prepared from specimens contained in Mr. Belfrage's first collection, and was sent by me to the Editor some months ago. Further study of that collection and of additional material, induced me to suppress some of the descriptions and to amend others, and with a view thereto I requested a return of that portion of the mss. Unfortunately my letter was misunderstood. and the wrong mss was returned to me, while the paper on Laverna was published.
SOME NOTES ON LYCÆNA PSEUDARGIOLUS
Authors: Edwards W. H.
Published: February 2010

In September, 1873, Mr. T. L. Mead, who was then at Coalburgh, observed a ♀ pseudargiolus depositing eggs upon the flowers of Actinomeris squarrosa, and on examining the flower heads found a number of eggs. He brought home two of the females, and enclosed them in a muslin bag upon the flower heads of the same plant, near my house, the plant being not at all an uncommon one here. Several eggs were soon deposited, and in due time the larvae were hatched and some of them were carried through to chrysalids, a change which occurred about the middle of October.
ON THREE NEW SPECIES OF NOCTUIDÆ
Authors: Grote Aug. R.
Published: February 2010

♂. Eyes naked, all the tibiae spinose antennae brush-like. Thorax, head and appendages brownish red. Anterior wings brownish red, silky, Median lines faint, blackish, tolerably approximate. T. a. line nearly straight, t. p. line eyenly rounded, tending to be obsolete on the veins; costal dots mark the inception of the lines. Median shade very faint, Stigmata ohsolete; there is merely an indication of the reniform. Subterminal line pale, narrow,continuous; terminal space darker than the wing, the fringe ligher.
DESCRIPTION OF A NEW NORTH AMERICAN SPECIES OF MAMESTRA, AND OF A GENUS ALLIED TO HOMOHADENA
Authors: Morrison H. K.
Published: February 2010

Expanse 34 m. m. Length of body 14 m. m. Eyes hairy; antennae of the male simple; villosity of the palpi coarse; thorax provided with the usual fore and hind tufts; abdomen short, stout and untufted; ground color of the anterior wings gray without ochreous or brown admixture, as in M. lorea Guen.; the ordinary spots are tolerably distinct, concolorous, black encircled, the reniform filled below with black, the clavifor small; the median lines are simple, black and conspicuous, the interior line perpendicular, forming a triangular projection above the orbicular spot, which it touches.
TINEINA FROM TEXAS
Authors: Chambers V. T.
Published: February 2010

Palpi dark brown, with a yellowish white annulus around the middle and tip of the second and third joints. Head yellowish white; antennae dark brown, with the extreme tip of the basal joint white. Thorax above and base of the forewings brown: dorsal margin of the forewings, from the base to the ciliae, pale orange yellow, with a broad fascia of the same hue at about the basal fourth, passing across the wing and gradually narrowing to the costa.
NOTES ON THE VARIATION IN COLOR OF ŒDIPODA CORALLIPES AND ŒDIPODA CINCTA
Authors: Dodge G. M.
Published: February 2010

Rev. Cyrus Thomas, in his Acrididæ of North America, page 132, says: “There are no permanent characters by which to distinguish alcoholic specimens of Œdipoda corallipes, Haldemanii, paradoxa and rugosa from each other.” He therefore considers them the same. Probably Œ. discoidea might be considered as another as another variety of the same. This much named grasshopper is abundant in Nebraska from the middle of June to about the middle of August.
ON HOMOPTERA AND ALLIED FORMS
Authors: Grote A. R.
Published: February 2010

The species of Homoptera stand in need of a revision. They are usually but partially and confusedly named in such collections as I have had access to. With regard to the generic title, its acceptance is only provisional. Two species, Phacocyma lunifera Hübn. and Phaeocyma fluctuaris Hü., are unknown to me. The descriptions hitherto published in this genus are difficult to use for identification ; no comparative characters are given, no analysis of the lines entered upon.
NOTES ON PREPARATORY STAGES OF DANAIS ARCHIPPUS
Authors: Edwards W. H.
Published: February 2010

On the 14th May last I found several eggs of archippus on milk weed. These hatched on the 17th inst. on the 19th all had passed first moult. on the 21st all had passed second moult. Onthe 22nd two passed third moult. On the 25th these two passed fourth moult, and were one inch long. They continued to grow till the 29th, when they measured 1.8 inch, and in the morning had fixed for chrysalis.
SUGARING FOR MOTHS
Authors: Westcott O. S.
Published: February 2010

The various preparations which have been recommended by different writers seem to be successful enough in attracting nocturnal Lepidoptera, while the poisons employed for quieting them seem to fail in one or more essential particulars. Cyanide of Potassium, whether alone or prepared with Plaster of Paris, does not act with sufficient readiness to prevent strong-bodied moths from fluttering so long as in a great measure to spoil the beauty of their vestiture, while the application of chloroform at night is attended with considerable inconvenience.
ON CATOCALA PRETIOSA, N. S
Authors: Lintner J. A.
Published: February 2010

The species is closely allied to C. polygama Guen. Its distinctive features may be more clearly appreciated by a differential cotnparison with that species. The basal region is conspicuously and broadly shaded with black, deepening toward the anterior transverse line ; in polygama, shaded with ferruginous. The anterior transverse line is moderately oblique in its general direction, tending to the posterior third of the internal margin, geminate, distinctly separated by white below and slightly above the submedian : in polygama the line is quite oblique, tending to, or very near to, the internal angle; preceded below the submedian by gray and ferruginous scales.
ON A NEW CANADIAN BOMBYCID MOTH
Authors: Grote A. R.
Published: February 2010

Both sexes of a new genus and species referable to the group Ptilodeutes are represented in specimens taken by Mr. Geo. Norman (No. 52) at St. Catharines, and for which I propose the name Ellida gelida. A male of this species is also in the collection of the Buffalo Society, from New York State. The eyes are naked, ocelli absent, legs rather short and unarmed. The maxillæ are moderate ; labial palpi short, applied to the front, second article shaggily haired, third distinct.
SYNONYMY OF THE COLEOPTERA OF THE FAUNA BOREALI-AMERICANA, KIRBY
Authors: Horn Geo. H.
Published: February 2010

Since the reprint of Kirby's Fauna Boreali-Americana began, much has been learned concerning the species of Coleoptera therein described or mentioned, so that at the present time very few remain unidentified. Through the kindness of the authorities of the British Museum. every facility was granted to Mr. Leconte and myself for the study of Kirby's types, and the results of these studies have already been made known by Dr. Leconte. It will be noticed in very many places that the synonymy here given differs very greatly from that given by Mr. Bethune, who compiled from the best known sources all that was at the time known or guessed concerning Kirby's species.
ON JACOB HUBNER AND HIS WORKS ON THE BUTTERFLIES AND MOTHS
Authors: Grote A. R.
Published: February 2010

For a long time that school of Entomologists which has for its basis the view that there are but few genera in the Butterflies and Moths, and that the more minute characters which these insects offer are not of sufficient value to support genera, have held an almost undisputed sway in the scientific literature on the subject. The first opponent of these views was Jacob Hübner, whose works form the subject of the present paper. A single author, in the comparatively obscure town of Augsburg, in Germany, Jacob Hübner fonnd no adherents to his views, and his works fell into obscurity.
TINEINA
Authors: Chambers V. T.
Published: February 2010

The form of the palpi is that of Anybia langiella St., as represented Ins. Brit., v.3, but the wings are a little longer than those of langiella are there represented, though the hinder pair have the same form. The neuration of the fore wings is that of L. epilobiella(fig'd loc. cit.) except that the apical vein is obsolete in the single specimen examined by me ; that of the hind wings also resembles that of epilobiella; indeed, if the dorsal and submedian veins were represented in the figure of epilobiella, and the sub-apical or discal branch was produced forwards into the cell,the neuration would be that of this species.
TINEINA
Authors: Chambers V. T.
Published: February 2010

This species is placed in this genus provisionally. It is certainly not a true Asychna. Indeed, almost the only character common to all the species which Mr. Stainton places in this genus is their ornamentation, and in this respect Laverna? gleditschiæella is an Asychna,whilst this species is far from it. This species (pulvella) differs widely enough from all the others in ornamentation ; but structurally it approaches this genus so nearly that rather than construct a new one for it, I place it here provisionally.
LARVA OF ANAPHORA AGROTIPENNELLA
Authors: Murtfeldt Mary E.
Published: February 2010

In Vol. 4, p. 137, of the Canadian Entomologist, Mr. Grote first published a description of the large and characteristic Tineid above named. The imago has been very common with us for several years, but until the present season its larval history had eluded my investigation.

Early in April I found among the roots of a bit of white clover sod a very active and singular larva, whose long and rather sprangling thoracic legs gave it, at first glance, the appearance of a Coleopterous larva. A second look, however, discovered the characteristics of a Lepidopteron of which the following description was taken:

Length, 0.75 inch.; diameter greatest at head and 1st joint, slightly tapering thence posteriorly.
AN EXPERIMENT WITH A STINGING LARVA
Authors: Murtfeldt Mary E.
Published: February 2010

There is not in the whole group of caterpilrars a more innocent and harmless-looking object than the larva of Lagoa opercularis–especially just previous to the fourth moult. As it reposes curled upon a leaf, with its long, wavy, white silken hairs the sport of the slightest zephyr, it resembles nothing so much as a tuft of the finest white cotton, and seems almost to invite the touch of caressing fingers.