bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EFFECT OF MIXTURE OF LEAF EXTRACT OF Ocimum gratissimum AND Vernonia amygdalina ON CADMIUM INDUCED HEPATOTOXICITY IN WISTAR RATS
Authors: EFEKEMO OGHENETEKEVWE, , O. CLEMENT ORORORO
Published: August 2022

The search for potential ameliorative substances for cadmium toxicity is still in progress, thus, this study investigated the invivo effect of oral administration of the leaf extract of Vernonia amygdalina (Bitter leaf) and Ocimum gratissimum (Scent leaf) on biochemical parameters; Alanine transaminase (ALT), Aspartate transaminase (AST), Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Albumin, Total protein and oxidative stress biomarkers Malondialdehyde (MDA), Reduced glutathione (GSH), Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in the liver of cadmium exposed Wistar rats. A total of sixteen female rats weighing 120-150g were used and they were divided into four groups with four rats each. The experimental period was for four weeks. Group 1 served as control, Group 2 (Cadmium 10mg/kg body weight), Group 3 (Extract 200mg/kg per body weight). Group 4 (Cd 10mg/kg + Extract 200mg/kg body weight). The samples were administered orally by gastric intubation through the use of a cannula attached to a 1ml syringe. Blood and organ samples were collected and analyzed. Results obtained from administered groups were all compared to the control. Serum biochemical markers showed significant (P≤0.05) increase in the activities of AST, ALT, ALP, but there was no significant change in Total protein and Albumin when values were compared to the control (Group 1). Comparing Group 2 to Group 4 showed significant decrease in enzyme activities, but no significant change in the concentration of total protein and albumin. Oxidative stress markers showed significant increase (P<0.05) in concentration of MDA in the liver and significantly (P<0.05) decreased the activity of SOD and CAT and concentration of GSH in cadmium control (Group 2) when compared with the control (Group 1). Comparing Group 2 to the Group 4 (cadmium and extract) showed significant (P<0.05) increase in activity of SOD and CAT and concentration of GSH, while MDA had significant (P<0.05) decrease. The results showed that the leaf extract had some antioxidant and hepatoprotective potentials, which can help in ameliorating cadmium induced stress to the liver.
STUDY ON THE SYNTHESIS OF DIETHYLTOLUAMIDE ASINSECTREPELLENTS
Authors: Bui Thuy Trang
Published: August 2022

Diethyltoluamide is evaluated as effective insect repellentswith no side effects and recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, to be used as insect repellents, especially mosquitoes, in Vietnam as well as in the world. In this paper, we present a synthesis method including the optimal conditions to prepare the bioactive molecule diethyltoluamide from 3-methyl benzoic acid. UsingSOCl2as a chlorinatingagent, the procedure is simple, under mild reaction conditions, the desired diethyltoluamide is obtained in excellent yield up to 92% with the scale is over 500g/batch.
SYNTHESIS AND INVESTIGATING THE DETOXIFICATION ABLITY OF KBDO AGAINST YPERITE
Authors: Vu Ngoc Doan
Published: August 2022

Potassium 2.3-butanedione monoxime (KBDO) salt is one of the highly effective decontaminations for neurotoxins and blister agents; hence, it is the main ingredient in the RSDL Decontamination Kit. This paper presents the synthesizing KBDO from 2.3-butanedione monoxime (DAM) and KOH or t-BuOK under different reaction conditions and decontamination surveys of product with the yperite. The composition and structure of the products were confirmed by IR, NMR, EDX spectroscopy methods. Furthermore, the detoxification mechanism of KBDO withHD was proposed by determining the intermediate product of the reaction by NMR spectroscopy.
MICROSTRUCTURESAND PROPERTIES OF THE HIGH-ENTROPY ALLOY COATING FABRICATED BY LASER CLADDING
Authors: Nguyen Thanh Hung
Published: August 2022

FeMnNiCrCu0.5high-entropy alloy (HEA) coating was prepared on the C45 steel by laser cladding. Constituent phase, microstructure and chemical composition of the coating was investigated usingX-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), respectively. The microhardness and corrosion resistance of the coating are also studied. Results showed that the HEA coating reveals a good metallurgical bonding to the substrate, and they consist of the heat-affected zone, bonding zone and cladding zone. The microstructure of the coating showed a typical dendrite crystal growing from the substrate. FeMnNiCrCu0.5 coating was composed a single face-center cubic (FCC) phase, and the surface hardness of the coating is 195 HV0.2. In 0.5M H2SO4solution, the coating has better corrosion resistance than the substrate, which allows the HEAcoating to be used as an anti-corrosion coating in engineering applications.
THE EFFECT OF COOLING RATE, SOLIDIFICATION RATE ON THE FORMATION OF α-Al PHASE IN ADC12 ALLOY SEMI-SOLID CASTING
Authors: Le Minh Duc
Published: August 2022

This paper presents the effect of the cooling and solidification rate on the formation of α-Al phase in ADC12 alloy when poured on a cooling slope with a length of 300 mm, an angle of 45°into the 4 steps of a mold with different thicknesses (5, 10, 20 and 30 mm). The results show that, the cooling and solidification rates are maximum (138 K.s-1and 0.43 s-1) leading to the fraction of α-Al phase reaching the maximum value of 73.2% in the first step. While this value at steps 2, 3 and 4 is66.7%, 65.4% and 65% respectively for cooling rates of 15.0, 14.6 and 9.8 K.s-1. The average size of α-Al phase gradually increased from the 1st step (~30 μm) to the 4th step (~80 μm), while the equiaxed dendritic grains of α-Al with high globalization are retained at all steps. The minimum cooling rate to create the equiaxed dendritic grains of α-Al is about 10 K.s-1.
DETERMINE THE SHAPE FACTOR IN HEAT TRANSFER MODEL OF MICRO ELECTROTHERMAL V-SHAPED ACTUATOR USING ANSYS WORKBENCH SOFTWARE
Authors: Hoang Trung Kien
Published: August 2022

This article proposes a method to determine the shape factor in heat transfer model of micro electrothermal V-shaped actuator using ANSYS Workbenchsoftware. The 2D model was built to investigate the heat transfer from a beam cross-section to the substrate through a thin layer of air. This model can be used to determine the influence of beam width and thickness on the shape factor. The results of this work will provide an effective method to determine the shape factor in theoretical heat transfer models for micro electrothermal V-shaped actuator and can also be applied to similar heat transfer models.
OPTIMIZATION OF WING PROFILE IN TRANSONIC FLOW
Authors: Pham Van Khiem
Published: August 2022

This paperpresents a method to optimize the wing profile RAE2822 in transonic flow by a surrogate-based optimization method. The problem is solved for the profile with given parameters of angle of attack, Mach number, ambient temperature and Reynolds number using open source software SU2 (Stanford University Unstructured). The surrogate based optimizationmethod with only two parameters of perturbation functions provides a solution for increasing aerodynamic quality of the wing profile by reducing drag and keeping lift above a specified value. The obtained results are the basis for studying wing optimization in the preliminary design stage.
Kebiasaan Belajar dan Capaian Matematika Siswa: Bagaimana Korespondensinya?
Authors: Nurhaliza Siti , Alghadari Fiki , Nurwiatin Neng
Published: August 2022

Belajar matematika yang dilakukan secara mendalam berimplikasi pada kualitas capaian. Namun, siswa tidak selalu mengaplikasikan pola terbaiknya, atau bahkan pola tersebut belum membentuk kebiasaan yang konsisten. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menginterpretasi bagaimana korespondensi antara kebiasaan belajar siswa dan capaian belajar matematika mereka. Penelitian observasional ini dilakukan dengan teknik korelasi. Data diperoleh melalui angket dan tes yang diberikan kepada 30 siswa dari satu sekolah di kabupaten Karawang. Sampel ditentukan dari satu sekolah kejuruan dan terpilih satu subkelompok. Distribusi data dianalisis, dilanjutkan dengan menganalisis persamaan regresi, dan analisis korelasi dengan statistik inferensial yang mengkonsultasikan antara hasil perhitungan nilai korelasi dan taraf signifikansinya. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data, dinyatakan bahwa data berdistribusi normal, regresinya linear dengan koefisien positif, dan korelasinya signifikan. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan terdapat hubungan antara kebiasaan belajar dengan capaian matematika siswa. Temuan penelitian juga dibahas. Perubahan kebiasaan belajar terhadap capaian matematika ditaksir sebesar 10%. Angka tersebut menunjukan perubahan yang relatif lambat. Oleh karena itu, jika kebiasaan belajar pola baru diimplementasi kepada siswa, misalnya melalui perubahan kurikulum pendidikan, dan dengan relativitas yang ditaksir relatif lambat, maka ideal ketika dampaknya terhadap capaian matematika siswa yang belum sangat signifikan.
Analisis Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Siswa SMP pada Materi Statistika Ditinjau dari Kemampuan Awal Matematika
Authors: Rosalinda Mega , Purba Santri Chintia , Manalu Risma Uli
Published: August 2022

Penelitian yang telah dilakukan mengenai analisis kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika siswa SMP pada materi statistika ditinjau dari kemampuan awal matematika. Tujuan dari penelitian ini ialah untuk mengetahui bagaimana analisis kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika siswa SMP pada materi statistika ditinjau dari kemampuan awal matematika. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah pendekatan kualitatif. Penelitian ini di laksanakan di SMP Santa Maria Monica. Subjek yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah sebanya 9 siswa/i kelas VIII SMP Santa Maria Monica dalam menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Hasil penelitain menunjukkan siswa kemampuan awal matematika tinggi mampu melakukan semua tahapan pemecahan masalah dengan tepat dan benar. Siswa kemampuan awal matematika sedang mampu menyelesaikan masalah yang diberikan, mampu melakukan langkah penyelesaian masalah, namun masih ada beberapa langkah yang belum sistematis dan maksimal. Siswa kemampuan awal matematika rendah tidak menyelesaikan semua langkah indikator kemampuan pemecahan masalah dengan benar.
Hubungan Pemahaman Konsep Pecahan dan Hasil Belajar Akuntansi pada Materi Perhitungan Pajak Penghasilan
Authors: Rukyat Abdul
Published: August 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan pemahaman konsep pecahan dan hasil belajar akuntansi pada materi Pajak Penghasilan (PPh). Penelitian kuantitatif ini adalah studi noneksperimental, pendekatan observasional, dan desain eksplanatori. Sampel penelitian ini sebanyak 30 peserta didik kelas XI SMK di daerah Bekasi yang diperoleh melalui teknik simple random sampling. Data yang dianalisis dalam penelitian ini adalah descriptive analysis dan inferential analysis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat korelasi positif antara pemahaman konsep pecahan (variabel X) dan hasil belajar akuntansi pada materi PPh (variabel Y). Nilai koefisien korelasi (rxy)=0.98 dengan persamaan regresi Ŷ=6.49+0.927X. Koefisien determinasi menunjukkan bahwa R2=(0.98)2=0.96 artinya 96% hasil belajar akuntansi dipengaruhi oleh pemahaman peserta didik pada konsep pecahan. Simpulan penelitian ini terdapat hubungan positif yang signifikan antara pemahaman konsep pecahan dan hasil belajar akuntansi pada materi perhitungan PPh. Dengan demikian, menekankan siswa SMK supaya mereka memahami konsep pecahan adalah salah satu cara membantu mereka untuk mencapai hasil belajar akuntansi dan menguasai perhitungan PPh.
Poemele homerice in versiuni romanesti si turcesti. O abordare contrastiv-tipologica
Authors: Anefi Icbal
Published: August 2022

Lucrarea de fata isi propune sa realizeze o imagine „in oglinda” a istoriei principalelor traduceri din poemele homerice Iliada si Odiseea in doua limbi moderne – romana si turca. Demersul nostru este, inainte de orice, unul de istorie a limbii literare, abordata din perspectiva strict lingvistica, dar si din perspectiva culturala.
Metallurgical Factors Affecting the Tensile Properties of Weld Heat-Affected Zone in Medium Mn Transformation-Induced Plasticity Steel
Authors: Park Gitae
Published: August 2022

The role of retained austenite in the mechanical property changes in the medium Mn transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP) steel heat-affected zone (HAZ) was elucidated throug a comparison with conventional TRIP steel. The two steel grades had similar microstructures consisting of ferritic phases with a high fraction of retained austenite in the as-received state; however, the difference in properties after welding was significant. The microstructures of both steels were dramatically changed to a martensitic matrix in the coarse-grained HAZ region. The medium Mn TRIP steel HAZ can have a higher retained austenite fraction than the conventional one; hence, an excellent combination of tensile strength and elongation can be obtained. The decisive difference between the two steels was determined in terms of austenite stability and the initial grain size.
Justicia tributaria en tiempos de pandemia: El incentivo fiscal para fomentar la rebaja de la renta arrendaticia
Authors: González Dona José Manuel
Published: August 2022

La pandemia por la propagación del SARS-CoV-2 ha supuesto un elevadísimo coste en vidas humanas. El establecimiento por las diferentes autoridades gubernativas de medidas restrictivas para intentar evitar los contagios ha conducido, además, a una notoria reducción en el crecimiento económico y a que múltiples empresas se hayan visto obligadas a cesar en su actividad. Para ayudar a paliar esta adversa situación en los sectores más desfavorecidos con la crisis sanitaria, las potestades del Estado han adoptado medidas de carácter económico y social como el establecimiento del incentivo fiscal para fomentar la rebaja o moratoria de la renta arrendaticia a ciertos sectores de negocio. En el presente trabajo se realizará un examen de esta medida de justicia tributaria, abordando en un primer lugar el contexto en el que se ha instaurado, sus diferentes ámbitos de aplicación, la relevancia práctica de su reconocimiento y, finalmente, los problemas que acarrea desde la perspectiva de la igualdad de trato y no discriminación fiscal. Todas estas cuestiones serán tratadas desde una perspectiva crítica para invitar a la reflexión y mejora de este incentivo, que hace destacar el elemento de justicia que preside e inspira nuestro sistema fiscal.
La eutanasia en España. Estudio sociológico sobre la legalización y regulación de la prestación de ayuda para morir
Authors: Carod Martínez Guillermo
Published: August 2022

El texto tiene como objetivo principal mostrar cuál es la situación actual en la que nos encontramos tras la legalización de la eutanasia en España y como afecta a la población en general y a la sanitaria en particular. El presente estudio forma parte de un extracto del trabajo fin de máster en Derechos Humanos, especialidad Bioderecho, sobre la Eutanasia que realizó el autor en julio de 2021, mostrando los resultados prácticos más destacados, los cuales han quedado recogidos en las distintas encuestas realizadas, procediendo a su análisis posterior para intentar conocer de primera mano el sentir general de la sociedad en su conjunto y de los propios profesionales sanitarios. A lo largo del presente artículo se abordarán, entre otras, cuestiones como el principio de dignidad humana en relación al derecho de autonomía del paciente, la importancia del Documento de Instrucciones Previas, la legalización y regulación de la eutanasia, así como la consideración de la eutanasia como un nuevo derecho.
La clientela mediación en la incorporación a la ciudadanía
Authors: Giménez Sáez Antonio
Published: August 2022

Pretendemos abordar la relación de la clientela con la ciudadanía, el orden gentilicio y la plebe, —desde su proceso de evolución histórica— a los efectos de esclarecer su naturaleza fiduciaria y su relación con los mores.Se observa el contraste entre el orden gentilicio precívico y el nacimiento de la ciudad; la clientela en la etapa monárquica, el régimen de la misma recogido en la Ley de las XII tablas y desarrollo posterior, hasta su politización definitiva en el ocaso de la República. Lo que implica el estudio de la relación clientela-plebe, su confusión, amplitud institucional para concluir con su función integrativa del extranjero.
Fernando VII, rey pleno por la gracia de dios. Definición y marco jurídico del “delito político” en su reinado 1808-1833
Authors: Hinojal Aguado Diego
Published: August 2022

En el marco de un estudio más extenso, resaltamos la figura del monarca Fernando VII y la defensa a ultranza de su soberanía absoluta, en una etapa de crisis de la monarquía marcada por el tránsito hacia el nuevo Estado liberal. La represión definirá su reinado en un intento de erradicar el Liberalismo por todos los medios tradicionales y también algunos nuevos. Porque, para el absolutismo fernandino, los defensores del sistema constitucional eran considerados como los peores criminales para el Trono y el Altar, y reos del crimen de lesa Magestad humana y divina. En su persecución no sólo se empleó la Justicia del Rey, sino que tuvieron gran protagonismo las jurisdicciones especiales eclesiástica y militar. Finalmente, y después de superar las reformas promovidas durante los lapsos liberales de su reinado, gracias a la concentración de poder en manos del monarca, la represión de los delincuentes políticos fue dirigida desde palacio. Labor en la que destacaron, siguiendo los dictados del monarca absoluto, la Secretaría o ministerio de Gracia y Justicia, la Superintendencia General de Policía del Reino y la difusión de una legislación represiva, vía Real decreto.
La directiva inicial militar 5/2020, de 16 de marzo, en el marco del derecho de excepción
Authors: Marabel Matos Jacinto J.
Published: August 2022

El 14 de marzo de 2020, en el contexto de la crisis sanitaria originada por la pandemia de covid-19, el Gobierno aprobó un estado de alarma, mediante un Real Decreto que posteriormente sería declarado parcialmente inconstitucional, delegando en las Fuerzas Armadas una serie de competencias para la gestión de la situación de emergencia nacional, que serían eficazmente ejecutadas en base al Derecho Operativo Militar. La gestión de esta primera fase de la pandemia, en la que se puso en entredicho la capacidad de reacción de los Estados bajo situaciones excepcionales de crisis sanitaria, demostró sin embargo que el ordenamiento castrense era un instrumento jurídico válido, ajustado a las exigencias legales y constitucionales que presiden el Derecho de Excepción, para hacer frente a aquellos problemas.
Análisis de la utilidad del derecho de portabilidad de datos personales para la garantía del derecho a la salud, a la luz del Reglamento General de Protección de Datos en la Unión Europea y la Ley General de Protección de Datos Personales en Posesión ...
Authors: Olvera-Arellano Ana Guadalupe
Published: August 2022

Con la publicación en el Diario Oficial de la Unión Europea del Reglamento General de Protección de Datos Personales (2016) y en el Diario Oficial de la Federación de la República Mexicana de la Ley General de Protección de Datos Personales en Posesión de Sujetos Obligados (2017), sobrevino la positivización del derecho a la portabilidad de datos personales, que ya encontraba antecedentes en el campo de las telecomunicaciones. Sin embargo, los elementos subjetivos y objetivos de este derecho y que afectan a la totalidad del ciclo de vida del dato personal, nos dan cuenta de las muchas limitaciones existentes para su ejercicio y garantía, cuestión que además encuentra detalles específicos dependiendo de la materia que se trate. En ese sentido, el presente pretende analizar si el ejercicio de este derecho, tal y como se encuentra previsto en las normas mencionadas que se encuentran vigentes, resulta beneficioso para los usuarios de los sistemas de salud o si, por el contrario, representa una carga.
La prohibición de tortura en la jurisprudencia de la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos
Authors: Perera León Vernor Roberto
Published: August 2022

Este artículo describe criterios de la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos relativos al tema de la tortura, producto del análisis de sentencias de dicho tribunal que permitieron identificar líneas procesales y sustanciales. Se trata de un Tribunal internacional dedicado a esa materia, de ámbito regional en las Américas, cuyas decisiones son vinculantes para los Estados signatarios1. La Jurisprudencia de este alto tribunal revela características de la situación de los derechos humanos en el continente americano y su defensa. Se identificaron dos grandes vertientes de las decisiones relativas al tema; una de carácter sustancial y la otra procesal. La vertiente sustancial enmarca aquellas decisiones relativas al derecho de fondo, el cual se pronuncia sobre la verdad de lo ocurrido, su calificación y consecuencias. La vertiente procesal conlleva aquellas decisiones relativas a los argumentos relacionados con la correcta marcha de los juicios y cumplimiento de órdenes específicas. En el estudio de la muestra recabada respecto al tema de tortura se identificaron diez criterios sustanciales y diez procesales.
Claves para la regulación positiva de la Justicia Restaurativa en España: Cuestiones a las que ha de dar respuesta el legislador
Authors: Rebollo Revesado Sonia
Published: August 2022

Hoy la Justicia Restaurativa tiene amplio reconocimiento internacional, tanto en el derecho internacional universal como en el regional europeo. Sin embargo, y pese a la tendencia de países de nuestro entorno que han legislado sobre ella, la realidad es que en España solo hay algunas referencias normativas a la Justicia Restaurativa o a la mediación penal, no existiendo una regulación expresa sobre la materia. Frente a las propuestas normativas de modificación de la LECr realizadas en 2011 y 2013 o en el actual Anteproyecto de Ley de reforma de dicha Ley de noviembre de 2020 que se refiere a ella expresamente, lo cierto es que no se sigue la línea de la Recomendación de 2018 y no se regula de forma exhaustiva, incorporándola de forma real y efectiva a nuestro ordenamiento interno. Este trabajo pretende ofrecer una propuesta de regulación sobre la materia, teniendo en cuenta la experiencia teórico-práctica acumulada por los facilitadores españoles en materia de justicia restaurativa y mediación penal intrajudicial en distintos proyectos pilotos promovidos por el CGPJ, en juzgados y tribunales de todo el territorio nacional, y gracias a la iniciativa de alguna Comunidad Autónoma como la del País Vasco donde la justicia restaurativa es una realidad materializada a través de los Servicios de Justicia Restaurativa.
Eficacia transversal del derecho a la educación
Authors: Tortosa López Juan Carlos
Published: August 2022

En este estudio se pretende analizar la situación del derecho a la educación, para lo que estudiaremos los antecedentes legislativos en España, en las distintas épocas en las que se tiene conciencia de su necesaria regulación e intervención de los poderes públicos. Se hará una visión del derecho positivo y reconocimiento internacional de la educación, como derecho humano y fundamental, así como una aproximación a la relación de la doctrina jurisprudencial con los instrumentos internacionales que lo regulan. Evaluaremos los diferentes criterios que han movido al legislador estatal, en la regulación del derecho a la educación y la especial problemática que presenta el estado autonómico en referencia a la competencia legislativa en educación y los consecuentes conflictos.
“Na luta é que a gente se encontra”: reflexões sobre a greve da educação pública federal de 2012
Authors: Farage Eblin , Lima Kátia
Published: August 2022

O artigo tem como objetivo apresentar um conjunto de reflexões sobre uma das greves mais potentes da educação pública federal realizada no ano de 2012. Fundamentado nos estudos de pesquisadores vinculados à tradição marxista, o texto analisa como a burguesia brasileira respondeu à crise estrutural do capitalismo e aos seus rebatimentos no Brasil, um país marcado por sua inserção capitalista dependente na economia mundial, pela realização da contrarreforma do Estado e da educação superior que consubstanciaram novas faces do histórico dilema educacional brasileiro. A partir do exame de documentos elaborados pelo movimento grevista, considera a greve como uma resposta política ao processo de refuncionalização das universidades federais realizado pela desestruturação da carreira do magistério federal e pela intensificação e precarização das condições de trabalho docente nas instituições federais de ensino, conduzidas, no referido período, pelos governos petistas. Por fim, indica o saldo organizativo decorrente do movimento grevista, evidenciando a importância da organização classista e combativa do movimento docente com o protagonismo do ANDES/Sindicato Nacional dos Docentes das Instituições de Ensino Superior.
O processo de indução do professor alfabetizador iniciante
Authors: Trevisan Alexandra Aparecida Liberato , Andrade Maria de Fátima Ramos de
Published: August 2022

O presente artigo é resultado de uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, de caráter descritivo analítico, que objetivou investigar as iniciativas no processo de indução com professores alfabetizadores iniciantes. Os estudos de García, Huberman, Shulman e Wong apoiaram a construção do referencial teórico e da análise de dados. Constatamos, com a análise dos dados, que ainda não há um programa de indução voltado para receber os professores iniciantes. Além disso, com relação às dificuldades e aos desafios enfrentados pelo professor, um ponto crucial no processo de alfabetização envolve a inclusão de alunos com transtornos, com dificuldades de aprendizagem ou com alguma deficiência.
Letramento digital, multimodalidade e multiletramentos: desafios e caminhos possíveis para a educação
Authors: Freitas Fabiana Martins de , Rodrigues Jacinta Antônia Duarte Ribeiro
Published: August 2022

O objetivo deste artigo consiste em debater sobre os conceitos de letramento digital, multimodalidade e multiletramento, destacando desafios e perspectivas para a educação contemporânea. O estudo se caracterizou como pesquisa qualitativa, tipificada como bibliográfica. A pesquisa evidenciou como resultado do estudo teórico diversos desafios a serem superados pelas unidades de ensino no que diz respeito à inserção das tecnologias digitais no espaço escolar e ressaltou que estas podem, também, trazer possibilidades viáveis para o campo educacional. Realçou ainda que o âmbito abordado provoca outras discussões e converge para o encorajamento de pesquisas sobre o uso apropriado das novas tecnologias na dinâmica das aulas. Por isso, enfatizou-se a importância de partir da compreensão sobre letramento digital, multimodalidade e multiletramento para, então, ampliar as concepções sobre o uso das mídias digitais na sala de aula, visto neste estudo como desafio a ser superado, ainda, pela escola.
Molecular dynamics simulation and docking analysis of NF-κB protein binding with sulindac acid
Authors:   International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India, Ahmad Shaban
Published: August 2022

It is of interest to document the Molecular Dynamics Simulation and docking analysis of NF-κB target with sulindac sodium in combating COVID-19 for further consideration. Sulindac is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) of the arylalkanoic acid class that is marketed by Merck under the brand name Clinoril. We show the binding features of sulindac sodium with NF-κB that can be useful in drug repurposing in COVID-19 therapy.
Effect of nanoparticle based intra-canal medicaments on root dentin micro-hardness
Authors:   Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, India, Nasim Iffat
Published: August 2022

Complete eradication of bacterial infection from the root canal with minimum or no effect on the microhardness of the dentin is desirable for the success of endodontic treatment. The effect of nanoparticle based intracanal medicaments on the root dentine microhardness was assessed. The medicaments used were combination of calcium hydroxide - silver nanoparticles, Combination of graphene oxide - silver nanoparticles, Calcium hydroxide and a control group. Vickers hardness value were evaluated and compared at coronal, middle and apical third level. Graphene oxide - silver nanoparticles based intracanal medicament showed least effect on the microhardness of the root dentin compared to calcium hydroxide and calcium hydroxide combined with silver nanoparticle based intracanal medicaments.
Effect of cotton dust on lungs among female workers in cotton industry in northern Gujarat, India
Authors:   Department of Physiology, Nootan Medical College & Research Centre, Sankalchand Patel University, Visnagar, Gujarat, India, Ekambaram Gnanadesigan
Published: August 2022

Byssinosis is a disabling occupational lung disease caused by cotton dust. It is a well known occupational respiratory disease in cotton industry workers caused by cotton dust pollution. Many studies have been documented the effects of cotton dust on pulmonary function among workers employed in cotton-spinning mills. However, little data exist on the prevalence of this disorder in female workers particularly in western part of India. The present study was conducted to analyze the effects of exposure to cotton dust on pulmonary functions among female workers. The study was designed to assess the effects of exposure to cotton dust on lung functions among female cotton industry workers. Study group comprises 50 Female workers of cotton industry and control group comprises 50 age matched females who were neither worked in cotton industry nor exposed to cotton dust. Information was collected using standardized questionnaires, physical examination and spirometric measurements. Student’s T-test was used to find the difference between spirometric parameters. All the respiratory parameters (FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC ratio, FEF 25-75 % PEFR and MVV) were reduced in cotton industry workers as compared with control subjects (p<0.0001) and no significant difference of SpO2 between groups. Cotton dust exposure makes huge impact on respiratory parameters of the cotton industry workers. This deterioration in respiratory health deteriorates with increasing duration of exposure. The health hazards caused by cotton dust should be controlled by creating awareness among the workers & employers.
Trapping and A4-A4 end-to-side anastomosis for the treatment of a ruptured A3 fusiform aneurysm: Potential risk of in-situ bypass
Authors: Kim Young Rak , Lee Sung Ho , Bae Jin Woo , Choi Young Hoon , Ha Eun Jin , Kim Kang Min , Cho Won-Sang , Kang Hyun-Seung , Kim Jeong Eun
Published: August 2022

The treatment of complicated anterior cerebral artery aneurysms remains challenging. Here, the authors describe a case of ruptured complicated A3 aneurysm, which was treated with trapping and in-situ bypass. A 47-year-old man presented to the emergency department with severe headache and vomiting. Computed tomography illustrated acute intracerebral hemorrhage in the right frontal lobe. Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) confirmed a ruptured fusiform A3 aneurysm with lobulation and a daughter sac. Trapping of the ruptured fusiform A3 aneurysm and distal end-toside A4 anastomosis was performed. DSA on postoperative day 7 showed mild vasospasm to the afferent artery. However, 2 months later, DSA demonstrated that the antegrade flow through the anastomosis site had recovered. Thus, surgeons should be aware of the possibility of postsurgical vasospasm of anastomosed arteries, especially in cases of ruptured aneurysms.
Intraosseous Technique for Correction of Hammertoe Deformity
Authors: Lott Trent , Penvose Charles , Alvarez Gregory
Published: August 2022

Hammertoe deformities are among the most common conditions treated by foot and ankle surgeons. Many different types of proximal interphalangeal joint arthrodesis fixation techniques have been used. These include implant fixation, absorbable fixation, screw fixation, two-pin fixation, and single–Kirschner wire fixation. Each of these has their own set of associated advantages and disadvantages. One of the most common techniques to address hammertoe deformity is the use of Kirschner wires. Although Kirschner wires have been reliable and produced good outcomes, there are some drawbacks associated with their use. Some disadvantages include wire failure (bending/breaking), infection, and patient anxiety associated with removal. One of the more challenging aspects with using a single Kirschner wire for fixation is stability. Pistoning and rotational instability may occur with single–Kirschner wire use. Both pistoning and lack of rotational control can lead to nonunion, fibrous union, malunion, and ultimately patient dissatisfaction. The suturedesis technique is a surgical option that may be considered when a surgeon attempts to address these disadvantages. The authors believe this technique can adequately bring stability to the frontal plane and eliminate pistoning, which may lead to better fusion rates, better postoperative alignment, and better patient satisfaction. This article outlines the authors’ surgical technique of suturedesis in correcting hammertoe deformity.
Tension Band Suture Fixation of Fifth Metatarsal Tuberosity Fracture: A Case Report
Authors: Fazal Muhammad Ali , Widjono Ardito , Remani Mohan
Published: August 2022

Tuberosity fractures of the fifth metatarsal are common. The majority of these fractures are treated nonoperatively with good outcome. Surgery is indicated for nonunions, delayed unions, comminuted fractures, and displaced fractures. The surgical modalities include screw fixation, suture anchor fixation, Kirschner wires, tension band wiring, and locking plates. We report a case of a symptomatic nonunion of a displaced fracture of the tuberosity of the fifth metatarsal in a young patient treated with a tension band suture fixation that to our knowledge has not been described before.
Surgical Treatment of Plantar First Metatarsal Ulcerations in High-Risk Patients: A Case Series
Authors: Cates Nicole K. , Stowers Jered M. , Mayer Alissa , Wynes Jacob
Published: August 2022

Background: Plantar first metatarsal ulcerations pose a difficult challenge to clinicians. Etiologies vary and include first metatarsal declination, cavus foot deformity, equinus contracture, and hallux limitus/rigidus. Our pragmatic, sequential approach to the multiple contributing etiologies of increased plantar pressure sub–first metatarsal can be addressed through minimal skin incisions.

Methods: A retrospective review was performed for patients with surgically treated preulcerations or ulcerations sub–first metatarsal head. All of the patients underwent a dorsiflexory wedge osteotomy, and the need for each additional procedure was independently assessed. Equinus contracture was treated with Achilles tendon lengthening, cavovarus deformity was mitigated with Steindler stripping, and plantarflexed first ray was treated with dorsiflexory wedge osteotomy.

Results: Eight patients underwent our pragmatic, sequential approach for increased plantar pressure sub–first metatarsal, four with preoperative ulcerations and four with preoperative hyperkeratotic preulcerative lesions. The preoperative ulcerations were present for an average of 25.43 weeks (range, 6.00–72.86 weeks), with an average size of 0.19 cm3 (median, 0.04 cm3). Procedure breakdown was as follows: eight first metatarsal osteotomies, four Achilles tendon lengthenings, and six Steindler strippings. Postoperatively, all eight patients returned to full ambulation, and the four ulcerations healed at an average of 24 days (range, 15–38 days). New ulceration occurred in one patient, and postoperative infection occurred in one patient. There were no ulceration recurrences, dehiscence of surgical sites, or minor or major amputations.

Conclusions: The outcomes in patients surgically treated for increased plantar first metatarsal head pressure were evaluated. This case series demonstrates that our pragmatic, sequential approach yields positive results. In diabetic or high-risk patients, it is our treatment algorithm of choice for increased plantar first metatarsal pressure.
The Pedal Subcutaneous Phaeohyphomycotic Cyst in an Immunocompetent Adult Man: A Case Report
Authors: Esmaili Mo , Procop Gary W. , Mirkin Gene , Hao Xingpei
Published: August 2022

Phaeohyphomycosis is a spectrum of subcutaneous and systemic infections caused by a variety of dematiaceous fungi. It is an opportunistic disease with an increased incidence in immunocompromised patients. We report a case of a pedal phaeohyphomycotic cyst in an immunocompetent adult male immigrant with the goal of highlighting its clinical presentation, diagnosis, and optimal treatment. A 57-year-old male immigrant from Panama presented with a painless, gradually increasing, large cystic lesion in his left foot, first intermetatarsal space, which had been present for many years. The patient was treated with surgical excision without antifungal therapy. Histologic analysis showed multiple granulomas composed of fibrin and necrosis in the centers surrounded by proliferative palisading fibroblasts admixed with heavily infiltrated neutrophils, plasma cells, macrophages, lymphocytes, and eosinophils. Periodic acid-Schiff and Fontana-Masson stains revealed sporadic, scattered dematiaceous fungal hyphae and pseudohyphae among granulomatous tissues. The mass was diagnosed as a phaeohyphomycotic cyst. Polymerase chain reaction–based sequencing failed to identify the fungal species because of the rarity of the fungal elements in the granulomatous tissues. The patient had no recurrence at a follow-up of 2 years. A phaeohyphomycotic cyst is a rare entity that needs to be differentiated from other benign and malignant lesions. Multiple modalities, including clinical evaluation, radiography, histologic analysis, microbiological culture, and nucleic acid sequencing, should be used for the final diagnosis. Surgical excision is an optimal treatment. Antifungal therapy should be considered based on the patient’s clinical manifestation, surgical excision, and immune functional status.
Treatment of Posterior Malleolar Fractures in Elderly Individuals with Kirschner Wire Tension Band Fixation
Authors: Wang Bingqi , Hu Maozhong , Wan Dongdong , Sun Kai
Published: August 2022

Background: Generally, posterior malleolar fragments are fixed either with percutaneous anteroposterior screws or through a posterolateral approach using screws and/or a buttress plate. Both surgical methods have some shortcomings, and the use of anteroposterior screws to fix osteoporotic posterior malleolar fractures carries a risk of failure.

Methods: Nine elderly patients (average age, 67 years) with posterior malleolar fractures were treated with transfibular Kirschner wire tension band fixation. According to the Lauge-Hansen classification, all fractures were of the supination-external rotation type. The operative duration, intraoperative blood loss, and wound healing outcome were recorded. During the follow-up period, clinical outcomes were measured using the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society ankle-hindfoot score, and the occurrence of complications was observed.

Results: The patients were followed up for 12 to 18 months (mean, 15 months). The operative duration ranged from approximately 30 to 95 minutes, with an average of 70 minutes. Anatomical reduction was achieved in nine cases, and there were no complications, such as skin necrosis, wound infection, or skin sensory disturbance. There was one case of delayed wound healing caused by fat liquefaction, which was cured by a dressing change. The functional scores were excellent in four cases, good in four cases, fair in one case, and poor in zero cases. The rate of excellent and good results was 88.89% (eight of nine), with an average of 78.78 points.

Conclusion: Kirschner wire tension band fixation through a transfibular approach for the treatment of posterior malleolar fractures does not require a change in patient posture. It facilitates the reduction and internal fixation of the posterior malleolar fragment; furthermore, it is easier to remove internal fixation after fracture healing, which provides a new surgical method for elderly patients with posterior malleolus fracture. Thus, this has potential as a new surgical method for elderly patients with posterior malleolar fractures.
Primary Cutaneous Cribriform Carcinoma of the Heel: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Başdelioğlu Koray , Yıldırım Ayşe Nur Toksöz , Akkaya Arda , Özkanlı Sıdıka Şeyma , Öztürk Muhammed Beşir , Özkan Korhan
Published: August 2022

Primary cutaneous cribriform carcinoma (PCCC) is an extremely rare carcinoma of the sweat glands. In this case report, we present a 41-year-old man with PCCC in the heel. The patient had heel pain for 10 months, and his complaints had increased in the past 2 months. Physical examination revealed a firm nonmobile mass at his heel. The PCCC in the heel was excised by wide resection after biopsy, and the defect that occurred after resection was reconstructed with a vascularized free anterolateral thigh flap. There were no complications during or after the surgery. No recurrence or metastasis was encountered during 48 months of follow-up. The patient continues his daily life activities without any problems or pain. In the heel, PCCC can be effectively treated by extensive resection and reconstruction of the defect with a skin graft/vascularized flap. Cribriform carcinomas of visceral organs and primary cutaneous adenoid cystic carcinoma should be included in the differential diagnosis, which should be made carefully, histopathologically, and immunohistochemically.
An Unusual Pediatric Manifestation of the Herpes Simplex Virus
Authors: Salerno Nicholas , Doolan John J.
Published: August 2022

Herpetic whitlow is a viral infection of the fingers or toes caused by the herpes simplex virus. Herpes simplex virus is a common pathogen that causes infections in any cutaneous or mucocutaneous surface, most commonly gingivostomatitis or genital herpes. However, infection of the digits is also infrequently reported. Herpetic whitlow occurs when the virus infects the distal phalanx of the fingers or toes by means of direct inoculation, causing pain, swelling, erythema, and vesicle formation. The proper diagnosis is important because the condition can mimic various other podiatric abnormalities such as paronychia, bacterial cellulitis, or even embolic disease. Improper diagnosis often leads to unnecessary work-up, antibiotic therapy, or even surgical intervention. This case will help illuminate the clinical presentation of herpetic whitlow in an atypical location, and the patient’s subsequent treatment. We present an atypical case of right hallux herpetic whitlow with delayed diagnosis and associated cellulitis. The patient was admitted after seeing multiple providers for a progressive right hallux infection that presented as a mixture of vesicular lesions and apparent cellulitis. His history was positive for biting his fingernails and toenails, and the lesions were noted to be honeycomb-like, with minimal drainage. The lesions were then deroofed and viral cultures were obtained, which were positive for herpes simplex virus type 1, thus confirming a diagnosis of herpetic whitlow. Although he remained afebrile with negative wound cultures during admission, a secondary bacterial infection could not be excluded because of his nail avulsion and surrounding cellulitis. He was discharged on oral antibiotics, antivirals, and wound care recommendations. Herpetic whitlow should be included in the differential diagnosis of pedal digital lesions that appear as vesicular or cellulitic in the pediatric population.
Epac2 in midbrain dopamine neurons contributes to cocaine reinforcement via enhancement of dopamine release
Authors: Liu Xiaojie , Vickstrom Casey R , Yu Hao , Liu Shuai , Snarrenberg Shana Terai , Friedman Vladislav , Mu Lianwei , Chen Bixuan , Kelly Thomas J , Baker David A , Liu Qing-song
Published: August 2022

Repeated exposure to drugs of abuse results in an upregulation of cAMP signaling in the mesolimbic dopamine system, a molecular adaptation thought to be critically involved in the development of drug dependence. Exchange protein directly activated by cAMP (Epac2) is a major cAMP effector abundantly expressed in the brain. However, it remains unknown whether Epac2 contributes to cocaine reinforcement. Here, we report that Epac2 in the mesolimbic dopamine system promotes cocaine reinforcement via enhancement of dopamine release. Conditional knockout of Epac2 from midbrain dopamine neurons (Epac2-cKO) and the selective Epac2 inhibitor ESI-05 decreased cocaine self-administration in mice under both fixed-ratio and progressive-ratio reinforcement schedules and across a broad range of cocaine doses. In addition, Epac2-cKO led to reduced evoked dopamine release, whereas Epac2 agonism robustly enhanced dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens in vitro. This mechanism is central to the behavioral effects of Epac2 disruption, as chemogenetic stimulation of ventral tegmental area (VTA) dopamine neurons via deschloroclozapine (DCZ)-induced activation of Gs-DREADD increased dopamine release and reversed the impairment of cocaine self-administration in Epac2-cKO mice. Conversely, chemogenetic inhibition of VTA dopamine neurons with Gi-DREADD reduced dopamine release and cocaine self-administration in wild-type mice. Epac2-mediated enhancement of dopamine release may therefore represent a novel and powerful mechanism that contributes to cocaine reinforcement.
Having an abortion during your PhD
Authors: Smythers Amanda
Published: August 2022

A graduate student reflects on her choice to end a pregnancy, and on what the overturning of Roe v. Wade means for trainees in the United States.
C1orf74 positively regulates the EGFR/AKT/mTORC1 signaling in lung adenocarcinoma cells
Authors: Guo Jinyong , Li Aili , Guo Ruolin , He Qiufeng , Wu Youru , Gou Yi , Jin Junfei , Huang Guojin
Published: August 2022

Background

Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a major type of lung cancer with poor prognosis and low 5-year survival rate, which urgently needs further investigation in order to elucidate its mechanisms completely and discover novel therapeutic targets. C1orf74 is a novel protein with unknown function either in normal cells or cancer cells. The aim of this study is to investigate the expression and function of C1orf74 in LUAD cells.

Methods

The expression of C1orf74 in LUAD was analyzed using the LUAD datasets from public databases. The prognostic value of C1orf74 in LUAD was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier Plotter. C1orf74 expression in LUAD cell line A549, H1993 and HCC827 was silenced using small interfering RNA, and then the effects of C1orf74 knockdown on proliferation, migration and invasion of LUAD cells were detected by colony formation assay and Transwell assay, the role of C1orf74 in EGFR/AKT/mTORC1 signaling pathway was examined by Western blot, and the function of C1orf74 in cell cycle was detected by flow cytometry.

Results

The results of LUAD clinical data showed that C1orf74 was upregulated in LUAD tissues, and its high expression was associated with poor prognosis. The results from cultured LUAD cells demonstrated that C1orf74 knockdown inhibited cell proliferation, migration and invasion, but induced cell cycle arrest and autophagy. Moreover, C1orf74 knockdown suppressed EGFR/AKT/mTORC1 signaling in LUAD cells. In conclusion, the present study revealed that C1orf74 is upregulated in LUAD tissues and plays an oncogenic role in LUAD, and that C1orf74 positively regulates cell proliferation and mobility through the EGFR/AKT/mTORC1 signaling pathway in LUAD cells.