bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Designing Consensus Algorithms for Three-Link Manipulators
Authors: Zhai Guisheng , Nakamura Satoshi , Mardlijah
Published: May 2019

We deal with a consensus control problem for a group of three-link manipulators which are networked by digraphs. Assuming that the control inputs of each manipulator are the torques on its links and they are constructed based on weighted difference between its states and those of its neighbor agents, we aim to propose an algorithm on computing the weighting coefficients in the control inputs, so that full consensus is achieved among the manipulators. The control problem is reduced to designing Hurwitz polynomials with complex coefficients. We show that by using Hurwitz polynomials with complex coefficients, a necessary and sufficient condition is obtained for designing the consensus algorithm. Moreover, the discussion is extended to the case of designing convergence rate of consensus. Numerical examples are provided to illustrate the condition and the design algorithms.
Characterization of input-output group decoupling for linear descriptor systems using controllability subspaces
Authors: Arman  , Eso Rosliana , Abdin
Published: May 2019

In this paper we study the problem of the characterization of group decoupled system for linear descriptor systems with index one using controllable subspaces. From the standard decomposition form, the linear descriptor systems can be separated into slow and fast subsystems. In this form, using controllable subspaces, we give some results for the characterization of input-output group decoupled for slow and fast subsystems, respectively. Furthermore, the characterization of the input-output group decoupling yields the normal forms for the input-output group decoupling of linear descriptor system with index one. This normal form can be used in order to define weakly coupled linear systems. All the results that have been obtained in this study can be used to determine the formulation of algorithms in solving the problem of linear quadratic optimal control that contains systems that are consider as weakly coupled subsystems.
Mathematical Literacy of Male and Female Students in Solving PISA Problem by “Shape and Space” Content
Authors: Trapsilasiwi D , Oktavianingtyas E , Putri I W S , Adawiyah R , Albirri E R , Firmansyah F F , Andriani Y
Published: May 2019

This is a descriptive research which aims to describe mathematical literacy of male and female students by solving PISA problem. Mathematical problems are not only related to calculations, but how our ability to apply mathematical knowledge to solve problems in daily life. The importance of mathematical literacy can be seen from the PISA. The content of this research is shape and space content. Determination of this mathematical level is corresponding by some indicators which has been developed. It has three levels that consist of low level, medium level and high level. It has been addapted with 6 indicators of mathematical literacy of PISA. The result of this research is male students reach low level 43,75%, medium level 37,5% and high level 18,75%. While, female students reach low level 11,11%, and medium level 88,89%.
Preliminary study of Malaysian eco-friendly car selection by using analytic hierarchy process
Authors: Che Jamil Fadhilah , Shariff Adli Aminuddin Adam
Published: May 2019

As the global community is moving towards the usage of a cleaner technology, automotive industry has designed the car to become more environmentally friendly, or eco-friendly. Malaysia aims to produce 200,000 electric vehicles (EV) by the year 2020 but this effort might be halted due to the fact that electric vehicle’s sales is not promising for the time being. This research attempts to investigate the current preference of Malaysian to buy their car, and whether they really prefer to buy the eco-friendly car. An Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) model for Malaysian eco-friendly car selection is developed by this research which involves aggregated group judgment from 22 respondents. The result indicates that safety is the highest priority for the Malaysian to buy cars, followed by fuel economy, services, performance, affordable price, emission and design. Two of the criteria which are closely related with eco-friendly factor which are fuel economy is ranked at second whereas emission is ranked at sixth. This concludes that Malaysian still consider eco-friendly factor, which also justify the selection of AHP model for the best eco-friendly car to be Nissan Leaf (2016), followed by Hyundai Ionic HEV (2017), Mercedez Benz C350e (2016), Perodua Myvi 1.3 Ezi (2017), and Toyota Prius 1.8 VVT-i Active (TRK) Auto.
H-Irregularity Total Strength of Fan Graphs
Authors: Hinding Nurdin , Haeruddin  , Haryanto Loeky
Published: May 2019

Determine of H-irregularity total strength in all graphs was not complete on graph classes. Research aims to determine algorithm the H-irregularity total of fan graph, with use H-covering, where H isomorfic to. The determination of H-irregularity total strength of fan graph was conducted by determining the greatest lower bound and the smallest upper bound. The lower bound was analysed by using theorem that

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Metacognitive activity of male students: difference field independent-dependent cognitive style
Authors: Pathuddin  , Ketut Budayasa I , Lukito Agung
Published: May 2019

The study aimed to explore the metacognitive activities of male students who were independent field cognitive style and field dependent cognitive style in solving problems. The type of this research is explorative with qualitative approach, that is from written works and in-depth interviews. Data analysis is done through data reduction, data presentation, data interpretation and conclusion drawing. The results showed that male students with field independent cognitive style, had a tendency to be structured, well organized in solving problems, could restructure new information and relate it to the knowledge they had. While male students with field dependent cognitive style, they had characteristics in solving problems are unstructured and not well organized. Also, they’re difficult to restructure new information and relate it to the knowledge they have.
Altitude Control Design of LSU-05 Aircraft Using Abstraction Method
Authors: Afif Nasrul Anam Muhammad , Adzkiya Dieky , Asfihani Tahiyatul
Published: May 2019

LAPAN Surveilance-05 (LSU-05) is a fixed wing type aircraft developed by LAPAN. This aircraft can be used for monitoring and mapping a very wide range of areas. In carrying out operational missions, the aircraft requires reliable control of autopilot to control flying altitudes, thus facilitating and able to support the mission and for aircraft safety. In the design of the control, we apply the abstraction method using software Pessoa. The design of the control with abstraction aims to design the control such that the closed loop system behavior satisfies the specifications in the form of simple temporal logic. In the experiments, we conduct two scenarios. For each scenario, we use different specification and different abstraction parameter.
Analysis of portfolio optimization with inequality constraints
Authors: Sukmana Agus , Chin Liem , Chendra Erwinna
Published: May 2019

In investing, generally an investor wants an optimum portfolio. This means that the forming portfolio has minimum risk, maximum return or can also be a combination of both with other constraints determined by the investor. These constraints could be in the form of short selling, amount of owning funds, return target, risk target or other constraints. Short selling constraints are inequality in the mathematical model, while other constraints can be in the form of equalities or inequalities. This paper discusses the portfolio optimization with these inequality constraints. In addition, we will provide an example for this portfolio optimization application by analysing portfolio that consists of shares in the LQ45 index. We do this analysis with Solver that is available in Microsoft Excel.
Application of Needleman-Wunch Algorithm to identify mutation in DNA sequences of Corona virus
Authors: Isa Irawan Mohammad , Mukhlash Imam , Rizky Abduh , Ririsati Dewi Alfiana
Published: May 2019

—Corona virus is a virus capable of mutating very quickly and many other viruses that arise due to mutations of this virus. To find out the location of corona virus mutations of one type to another, DNA sequences can be aligned using the Needleman-Wunsch algorithm. Corona virus data was taken from Genbank National Center for Biotechnology Information from 1985-1992. The Needleman-Wunsch algorithm is a global alignment algorithm in which alignment is performed to all sequences with the complexity of O (mn) and is capable of producing optimal alignment. An important step in this reserach is the sequence alignment of two corona viruses using the Needleman-Wunsch algorithm. Second, identification of the location of mutations from the DNA of the virus. The result of this reserach is an alignment and the location of mutations of both sequences. The results of identification DNA mutation can be used to find out other viruses mutation corona virus as well as can be used in the field of health as a reference for the manufacture of drugs for corona virus mutation outcome.
Optimal replenishment policy for multi-item probabilistic inventory model with all-units discount
Authors: Lesmono Dharma , Limansyah Taufik , Koswara Handi
Published: May 2019

In this paper, we develop a multi item inventory model for the retailer by considering all-units discount offered by the supplier. Demands in this model are assumed to be probabilistic following a Gamma distribution with certain values of shape and scale parameters. The aim of the model is to determine the optimal replenishment policy that minimize the total inventory cost. The total inventory cost was composed from the purchasing, ordering, handling or storing and shortage costs. All shortages are handled by backorder. We compare the individual and joint replenishment policies for the model and develop an algorithm to find the optimal replenishment policy. Numerical examples are given to give a better understanding of the model in comparing the individual and joint replenishment policies. We also perform sensitivity analysis by changing values of shape and scale parameters of the demand distribution to analyse the effects on the optimal solution.
New heuristic algorithm for traveling salesman problem
Authors: Shahab M L
Published: May 2019

Traveling salesman problem (TSP) is a basis for many bigger problems. If we can find an efficient method (that produce a good result in a short time) to solve the TSP, then we will also be able to solve many other problems. In this research, we proposed a new heuristic algorithm for TSP. We used 80 problems from TSPLIB to test the proposed heuristic algorithm. The proposed heuristic algorithm can find the best-known distance for 36 different TSPs. The average of all Goodness Value is 99.50%.
The application of statistic image analysis for classification of breast cancer based on mammograms
Authors: Sulistyaningrum D R , Setiyono B , Utomo D B , Sanjoyo B A
Published: May 2019

Cancer is a disease characterized by the ability of abnormal cells to grow uncontrollably. In the medical field, detection of breast cancer is done using a mammogram. Examination of the mammogram image is still done manually by the doctor / radiologist, so it is necessary to use technology as supporting information. In this research, mammogram image classification based on gray-level co-occurrence (GLCM) matrix and gray-tone difference matrix (GTDM) has been done with backpropagation method. The stages of the mammogram image classification process include the process of image acquisition, pre-processing, feature extraction with GLCM and GTDM and classification using backpropagation. The preprocessing process carried out is gray-scalling, contrast enhancement, image segmentation with Otsu thresholding, edge detection process, and image thickening process with widening morphology method. The highest performance results for accuracy are 85% and precision is 85.7%. This result was obtained when using the GLCM and GTDM feature extraction methods.
Using Jeffrey prior information to estimate the shape parameter k of Burr distribution
Authors: Hakim A R , Novita M , Fithriani I
Published: May 2019

Burr distribution with two parameters was first introduced by Burr. This distribution has gained special attention and has been applied in various disciplines. The maximum likelihood method is the most commonly used to estimate its parameters. However, the Bayesian method receives more attention. The parameter estimation using the Bayesian method not only uses the information from the sample data but also combines it with the prior information for the parameter. Jeffrey prior information is one of the prior information we can use. This prior is a noninformative prior. It is proportional to the square root of the Fisher information for the parameter. In this paper we use Jeffrey prior information to estimate the shape parameter k of Burr distribution. As a comparison, we also use an extension of Jeffrey prior information which is proportional to the Fisher information raised by a positive constant. The comparison is made through a simulation with respect to the mean-squared error (MSE) and the posterior risk. The results of the comparison show that the Bayesian estimation for the shape parameter k under Jeffrey prior information gives better results in turn with the extended Jeffrey prior information.
Optimal control for extraction lipid model of microalgae Chlorella Vulgaris using PMP method
Authors: Mardlijah  , Ilmayasinta Nur , Arif Irhami Elmir
Published: May 2019

Microalgae is one of the energy to be used as biodiesel. Chlorella Vulgaris is one of the most economical algae to produce biodiesel, because these green algae are rich in carbohydrates, require no special care, and easy to grow. Algae oil obtained for biodiesel production is obtained through a fairly long process, one of which is the process of lipid extraction. In the study of lipid extraction process using solid-liquid or leaching extraction is the transfer of dissolved dissolved components from solids into the solvent. In the study used CO2-expended methanol (CXM). Soxhlet Extraction Method is a method for lipid extraction using hexane, in the process of extraction with Soxhlet tool there is a process of lipid mass transfer contained in Chlorella Vulgaris to flow CXM. This process of displacement has created a diferential equation which can be viewed as a system by Sriati Monalisa Siahaan(2016) to be used as a mathematical model to predict extractable lipid results for subsequent use as the main ingredient of biodiesel production. In her research, Sriati refers to a research conducted by Yi-Hung Yang(2015). In this research aims to perform optimal control with Pontryagin Maximum Principle (PMP) method to produce maximum lipid extraction result. This method is used to obtain the best control of the dynamic system from the initial state to the last by maximizing the objective function and more modern than other methods such as Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR). Using the PMP method to optimal control in this systems, can increase the value of lipid concentration.
A deterministic model of measles with imperfect vaccination and quarantine intervention
Authors: Aldila Dipo , Asrianti Dinda
Published: May 2019

A modified SVIQR (Susceptible-Vaccinated-Infected-Quarantine-Recovered) deterministic model for measles infection will be discussed in this article. An intervention of two times vaccination (one of them is imperfect to protect measles infection) is implemented along with the quarantine intervention in a purpose to controlling the spread of measles among human population. A measles-free and measles endemic equilibrium, for a complete and a simplified model, established analytically. A basic-reproduction number (R
0) as the endemic indicator is performed using the next-generation matrix approach. We find that the disease-free equilibrium is locally stable if R
0
< 1 and the endemic equilibrium of measles is achieved when R
0
> 1. Some numerical simulation regarding the sensitivities of R
0 and simulation for the autonomous model is given to give a better interpretation for the analytical results.
Software development to predict the level of paddy production using Gaussian Copula Marginal Regression
Authors: Goldestan Gandes , Sutikno  , Setiyono Budi , Mukhlash Imam
Published: May 2019

Appropriate decision making in rice production management is needed to support national food security efforts, especially in East Java which is the largest rice production province in Indonesia. This study aims to develop a web-based decision support system to predict rice production levels in five districts of rice production centers in East Java. A web-based decision support system is constructed to make information accessible and understandable. The method used in this study is Gaussian Copula Marginal Regression (GCMR), which is regression based on Copula. Predictor variables (rainfall) and response variables (harvested area) are identified their correlation using Copula correlation. Estimation of harvested area is constructed using GCMR model. The results showed that the GCMR model used was able to model the area of rice harvest in five districts of rice production centers in East Java. Furthermore, the system is also able to predict the level of rice production in the short term as decision support to help the authorities give consideration in taking policy related to agriculture and food security in East Java.
Reduction of Cd in circular cylinder using three passive control at Re=500
Authors: Imron Chairul , Charisma Juni K , Widodo Basuki , Yuwono Triyogi
Published: May 2019

Passive control is the addition of a small object to an object to reduce the drag force of the object. This study focuses on three passive controls. Numerically, the problem of three passive controls for drag reduction of circular cylinder is studied. In this case, three passive controls are placed in front of and in the rear of the main object. A passive control type-I is in front of circular cylinder while the others are in rear. The distance of the passive controls is varies to the circular cylinder. In this study, we want to find an effective distance of the main object to three passive controls from the shape and the angle position of the passive controls.
Role of clustering based on density to detect patterns of stock trading deviation
Authors: Mustika Rukmi Alvida , Soetrisno  , Wahid Abirohman
Published: May 2019

The pattern of deviation patterns can be identified from the results of cluster transactions and transactions that are transaction irregularities, will be detected. DBSCAN as a density-based clustering algorithm forms clusters that agglomerate and make it easier to detect unclustered data, which is considered as data noise (data outlier). The nature of density in the data clamping process will make it easier to determine noise data objects.The DBSCAN has two parameters, Eps and MinPts. The values entered in both parameters play a role in forming clusters. Stock trading transactions are stated as data objects to be clustered. The noise from clustering with DBSCAN shows outlier transactions, which have diferrent pattern with ordinary transactions. In the results of this clustering, the stock transaction pattern which includes outliers is obtained, marking the close occurs. This result can help to detect stock price manipulation in outlier transactions carried out by securities brokers
Comparison between PID controller and fuzzy sliding mode control (FSMC) on super heater system
Authors: Mardlijah  , Mahatir Najar Abdul , Khusnul Arif Didik
Published: May 2019

Super heater, a component in a boiler, is an important component in a steam power plant system. It serves to transform the heat into superheated steam to spin a turbine. The steam temperature must be carefully controlled, to ensure good quality of steam. For the best performance of steam power plant (PLTU) 3-4 PJB UP Gresik, Indonesia, the temperature of superheated steam must be achieve 814 K. In this paper was designed PID controller super heater system and analysis of the performance of the system by comparing PID and FSMC. PID Controller can generate steam temperature stable at 814 K. While the FSMC controller generate steam temperature stable at 814.097 K. Thus, it was concluded that PID controller can generates more accurate steam temperature than FSMC. However when the system get a disturbance, FSMC can handle it better than PID controller.
Simulation study scenario algorithm on gene expression differences of Chickpea data in Indonesia to modeling series with the Bayesian approach
Authors: Budi Astuti Ani , Solimun  , Achmad Rinaldo Fernandes Adji , Iriawan Nur
Published: May 2019

Data on gene expression differences of chickpeas in Indonesia in healthy and diseased conditions was the result of microarray experiments. The diseased condition in chickpeas are caused by Ascochyta Rabiei pathogenic fungi. To learn more details about the gene expression differences data of chickpeas in Indonesia, especially regarding the distribution and fit modeling of the data, a specific simulation scenario is needed in order to obtain an overview of these data. The purpose of this study is to obtain the right simulation scenario algorithm for data on differences in gene expression of chickpeas in Indonesia in a series of modeling activities using the Bayesian approach. The results showed that with certain simulation scenarios obtained simulation data of gene expression differences of chickpeas in Indonesia that are similar to the original data. In this scenario repetition of 1,000 times with each repetition generated a data sample as many as 3 n according to the number of samples in the original data. These simulation scenario has specific characteristics because of the strict limitations of the meaning of the data on the gene expression differences that are generated. In these simulation scenario, the value of largest tolerance limit is 0.0999.
MHD fluid flow with the effect of mixed convection passing on a magnetic sphere in newtonian nano fluid
Authors: Widodo Basuki , Norasia Yolanda , Adzkiya Dieky
Published: May 2019

This paper considers magneto-hydrodynamics (MHD) fluid flow with the effect of mixed convection passing on a magnetic sphere in nano fluid. Titanium dioxide (TiO
2) is chosen as solid particle in nano fluid. The dimensional governing equations are developed from continuity equation, momentum equation, and energy equation. Furthermore, the dimensional governing equations are transformed into the non-dimensional governing equation by using non-dimensional parameters and variables. Then, the non-dimensional governing equations are transformed into similarity equations using stream function and then solved numerically using implicit finite difference method. The results of numerical solution are obtained using variation of non-dimensional parameters which consist of magnetic parameter, mixed convective parameter, and volume fraction. The numerical results show that the velocity and temperature decrease when magnetic parameter increases. The velocity and temperature increase when mixed convective parameter also increases. Finally, the velocity decreases and temperature increases when volume fraction parameters increase.
Common fixed point theorems for three functions on contraction mapping and expansive mapping in b-metric space
Authors: Nurwahyu Budi
Published: May 2019

In this paper, we will show the properties of common fixed point for three functions on contraction mapping and expansive mapping by using the coincidence point property and weakly compatible function property. However, we also show the sufficient condition without applying the weakly compatible function property.
Minimizing cost and backorder risk through customer priority on spares inventory
Authors: Lukitosari V , Subriadi A P , Siyamah I
Published: May 2019

Spare parts demands usually occur due to the need to replace spare parts on damaged equipment. Uncertain demands and many types of spare parts require complex management. Therefore, the management of spare parts is very challenging. In this study, we developed a spare part inventory method by considering priorities based on customer class. Customers will be grouped according to the number of demands. The number of requests becomes a fill rate priority. Any request that cannot be fulfilled will have backorder risk. This customer prioritization aims to minimize costs and backorder risks. The difference in customer class aims to minimize total inventory costs. Spare parts will be issued based on the queue discipline which is first in first out. The inventory model is solved by the Lagrange multiplier method. Model verification is carried out in real practice in illustrative examples. The results of the research show that customer priorities that are carried out in the provision of the fulfilment of spare parts can reduce costs and backorder risks.
Learning in virtual physics laboratories assisted by a pedagogical agent
Authors: Roth Tobias , Appel Julia , Schwingel Alexander , Rumpler Martin
Published: May 2019

We present the concrete realization of a virtual laboratory equipped with a pedagogical agent. Its functionality and media didactics takes into account the results of an usability test on a prototype system, and the students’ demand on such an automated assistance as obtained from a preliminary survey. The pedagogical agent mediates between the content and the learner by activating him or her. To provide information about the learner’s skills, we propose a pragmatic and simplified competence model that is based on fundamental representations in physics (experiment, figure, text and equation). Moreover, an automated feedback relates the student’s self-assessment with the submitted answer to the correctness of the respective task. In consequence, the pedagogical agent enables mental reflection for a crucial review of the own learning process. Interestingly, learning pathways can be envisioned, thus, giving valuable insight into individual strengths and weaknesses.
APPs in sound measurements to gain a school-work experience
Authors: Buongiorno D , Longo A , Michelini M , Pagotto S , Ricci D , Santi L
Published: May 2019

To gain autonomy in studies and work competences, the Italian Ministry of Education introduced a mandatory school-work integration in upper secondary school curriculum. University is one of the possible work area for that students, offering lot of different proposals and experiences. University of Udine and Flaminio Liceum in Vittorio Veneto, in cooperation with University of Salento in Italy, planned to focus on innovation in using ICT for that aim. The research-based formative intervention module of the project phases are the following: choice of a topic (sound), exploration of some suggested mobile APPs for sound measurements, writing of technical reports on APPs by students and relative discussion, the use of City SoundScape APP to monitor landscape from city centre to natural reserve. Problems and learning needs of students have been monitored during the activities to find out the autonomy strategies, paying particular attention to the stimuli and motivational role of the APP use for measurements in developing study and work competences.
Real-life physics: phonocardiography, electrocardiography, and audiometry with a smartphone
Authors: Thoms Lars-Jochen , Collichia Giuseppe , Girwidz Raimund
Published: May 2019

To foster student motivation and engagement, we combined authentic contexts, procedures, and materials by assessing biomedical physics topics with a smartphone. Selected experiments with simple aids allow for the examination of a student’s heartbeat in various ways: e.g., phonocardiography and electrocardiography. In addition, students can test their frequency-dependent hearing threshold. These contexts lead to an understanding of various physics concepts in a meaningful way.
GeoGebra for Secondary School Physics
Authors: Kolář Petr
Published: May 2019

GeoGebra is a free software which has wide possibilities of using at secondary schools. In math lessons it is obvious. Using of GeoGebra for teaching the geometry and the analytical geometry is maybe an easiest way how to utilize this software. However, GeoGebra also offers tools for the calculus, the statistics and animations. All these facts suggest that we can use GeoGebra in physics. We can work with coordinates and vectors, we can simulate physical systems which are depended on a time and show their evolutions through animations. Then, using of the calculus and statistics in physics is a matter of course. We can also use interactive tools and create our own applets. A great advantage of GeoGebra is that basic tools are intuitive and simple to use. Thanks to this fact GeoGebra has lots of users around all world and they share materials ready to use at schools or instructions how to use some certain tool. This paper shows some of possibilities how to use GeoGebra at physics lessons.
Dipole Radiation – Multiple Visual Representations to Assist Learning
Authors: Girwidz R , Watzka B
Published: May 2019

The Hertzian Dipole is a standard topic for lectures in physics. It points to the fundamental mechanism that is responsible for electromagnetic radiation. Understanding the Hertzian Dipole is the first step toward understanding toward understanding the physics behind different antenna types, such as half-wave antennas and other types. But it is not easy to discuss the spatial and time-dependent behaviour.

Suitable illustrations and animations showing the formation of electromagnetic waves can help for teaching and learning. Moreover, a combination of multiple graphical representations can bring to light the relationships between different aspects. An HTML5-applet was written, specifically to illustrate dipole radiation. The program “DipoleRadiation” is designed to make aspects of electromagnetic radiation visible that cannot be seen directly.

In an explorative pilot study students were interviewed to find out more about their problems. Furthermore, an eye-tracker study was carried out to identify, what learners focussed on. First findings revealed some gaps in knowledge. Among them are a simple lack of prior knowledge, misunderstanding of models, invisible features, spatial imagination, and the ability to identify important details and abstractions from the superficial.
Mid-21st century ozone air quality and health burden in China under emissions scenarios and climate change
Authors: Westervelt D M , Ma C T , He M Z , Fiore A M , Kinney P L , Kioumourtzoglou M-A , Wang S , Xing J , Ding D , Correa G
Published: May 2019

Despite modest emissions reductions of air pollutants in recent years, China still suffers from poor air quality, and the outlook for future air quality in China is uncertain. We explore the impact of two disparate 2050 emissions scenarios relative to 2015 in the context of a changing climate with the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory Atmospheric Model version 3 (GFDL-AM3) chemistry-climate model. We impose the same near-term climate change for both emission scenarios by setting global sea surface temperature (SST) and sea ice cover (SIC) to the average over 2010–2019 and 2046–2055, respectively, from a three-member ensemble of GFDL coupled climate model simulations under the RCP8.5 (Representative Concentration Pathway) scenario. By the 2050s, annual mean surface ozone increases throughout China by up to 8 ppbv from climate change alone (estimated by holding air pollutants at 2015 levels while setting SIC and SST to 2050 conditions in the model) and by 8–12 ppbv in a scenario in which emissions of ozone precursors nitrogen oxides (NO
x
) and anthropogenic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) increase by ∼10%. In a scenario in which NO
x
and anthropogenic VOC emissions decline by 60%, annual mean surface ozone over China decreases by 16–20 ppbv in the 2050s relative to the 2010s. The ozone increase from climate change alone results in an additional 62 000 premature deaths in China as compared to 330 000 fewer premature deaths by the 2050s under a strong emissions mitigation scenario. In springtime over Southwestern China in the 2050s, the model projects 9–12 ppbv enhancements to surface ozone from the stratosphere (diagnosed with a model tracer) and from international anthropogenic emissions (diagnosed by differencing AM3 simulations with the same emissions within China but higher versus lower emissions in the rest of the world). Our findings highlight the effectiveness of emissions controls in reducing the health burden in China due to air pollution, and also the potential for climate change and rising global emissions to offset, at least partially, some of the ozone decreases attained with regional emission reductions in China.
Trends and controls on water-use efficiency of an old-growth coniferous forest in the Pacific Northwest
Authors: Jiang Yueyang , Still Christopher J , Rastogi Bharat , Page Gerald F M , Wharton Sonia , Meinzer Frederick C , Voelker Steven , Kim John B
Published: May 2019

At the ecosystem scale, water-use efficiency (WUE) is defined broadly as the ratio of carbon assimilated to water evaporated by an ecosystem. WUE is an important aspect of carbon and water cycling and has been used to assess forest ecosystem responses to climate change and rising atmospheric CO2concentrations. This study investigates the influence of meteorological and radiation variables on forest WUE by analyzing an 18 year (1998–2015) half-hourly time series of carbon and water fluxes measured with the eddy covariance technique in an old-growth conifer forest in the Pacific Northwest, USA. Three different metrics of WUE exhibit an overall increase over the period 1998–2007 mainly due to an increase in gross primary productivity (GPP) and a decrease in evapotranspiration (ET). However, the WUE metrics did not exhibit an increase across the period from 2008 to 2015 due to a greater reduction in GPP relative to ET. The strength of associations among particular meteorological variables and WUE varied with the scale of temporal aggregation used. In general, vapor pressure deficit and air temperature appear to control WUE at half-hourly and daily time scales, whereas atmospheric CO2concentration was identified as the most important factor controlling monthly WUE. Carbon and water fluxes and the consequent WUE showed a weak correlation to the Standard Precipitation Index, while carbon fluxes were strongly dependent on the combined effect of multiple climate factors. The inferred patterns and controls on forest WUE highlighted have implications for improved understanding and prediction of possible adaptive adjustments of forest physiology in response to climate change and rising atmospheric CO2concentrations.
Spatial pattern of paddy fields and rice mills in Mande, Karangtengah and Cilaku Districts, Cianjur Regency, West Java, Indonesia
Authors: Munibah K , Tjahjono B , Hardianto T W , Wijaya H
Published: May 2019

Cianjur Regency is one of granary area in West Java Province which produces an average of 847,741 tons/year and ranks 5-7th at West Java Province during 2010-2015. This rice production should to be supported with rice milling infrastructure to convert paddy to rice. In general, location and number of rice mills are related to location and area of paddy field because they need each other. Objectives are to analysis spatial pattern of paddy fields and rice mills using nearest neighbor distance and relationship between area of paddy fields and number of rice mills using regresion. Results show that spatial pattern of paddy fields in Mande, Karangtengah, Cilaku District are clustered, disparsed, clustered, respectively. This difference is due to topography, where land with hilly or mountainous topography, the spatial pattern of paddy fields is clustered on flat land. The spatial pattern of rice mills in Mande, Karangtengah, Cilaku District are clustered, clustered, disparsed, respectively. This rice mill is located along the road, therefore rice mills are clustered on tight road, flat topography and around the paddy fields. The relationship between area of paddy fields and number of rice mills in Mande and Cilaku Districts are strong (r2 = 0.62, r2 = 0.64), while Cilaku District is sufficient (r2 = 0.37).
Determination of planting crops using satellite data at Shonai Plain in Japan
Authors: Saito Genya , Uto Kuniaki , Yonezawa Chinatsu , Sasaki Yuka , Yoshino Kunihiko , Oda Kunio , Sato Jun , Oyoshi Kei , Mizukami Yosei
Published: May 2019

Shonai Plain is famous paddy area in Japan. As a countermeasure overproduction of rice in Japan, there are many other crops not rice in the paddy fields. We try to determination of planted crops using satellite data. Recently, in Asian countries, GIS is spread widely and agricultural field polygon is commonly used. Crop determination using the polygon is becoming popular. Normally, fields are used without changing, but sometimes, one field is divided two or three fields, and two or three fields are integrated one field. It is necessary to overlay satellite image and the polygon, and to check with fitting or not. In case of mismatch, field polygon must be corrected. Simultaneously with this confirmation work for each field polygon, the optical satellite data were classified as water surface ‘water’, vegetation as ‘vegetation’, bare soil as ‘soil’ and ‘cannot determination’. In the SAR image, we classify 4 degrees, as small scattering of the water surface ‘0’, scattering slightly larger than the water surface ‘1’, larger than the water surface ‘2’, and large scattering ‘3’. The crop determination is performed according to the following standard using to the time series data. (a) Rice: Almost water surface at rice planting time and following several weeks. In summer, there is large vegetation. (b) Wheat: There is large vegetation at rice planting time, and small vegetation at summer. (c) Soybean: There is small vegetation at rice planting time, and large vegetation in summer. Using this evaluation criteria, we performed the crop classifications in Shonai Pain by ALOS2 and Sentinel2 data, and the correct answer rates are more than 95% at both satellite data.
Vertical structure of Convectively Coupled Equatorial Waves (CCEWs) during Boreal Summer and Winter
Authors: Yuni Anggi Riska Elma , Lubis Sandro W , Setiawan Sonni
Published: May 2019

Atmospheric variability in the tropics on the daily to intraseasonal timescale is often related to convectively coupled equatorial waves (CCEWs), including Kelvin, MRG, ER, and TD-type waves. This study aims toanalyze the observed vertical structures of the CCEWsduring boreal summer and winter fromthe NCEP-DOE reanalysis dataset. Consistent with a linear wave theory, the vertical structure of CCEWs is characterized by a distinctive phase tilt, indicatinga distinct direction of wave energy propagation. The vertical structure of Kelvin, MRG and ER waves is signified by westward phase tilts with height, especially in the upper troposphere when the waves become dry (i.e. there is noeffect of moisture), while in the lower troposphere, the phase tiltsdeviatesignificantly from the linear wave theory, whenthe waves become moist. On the other hand, the TD-type waves exhibit a perpendicular, baroclinic structure with height. The vertical structures of the Kelvin, MRG and TD-Type waves are more clearly observed during boreal summer, while ER waves are more observed during boreal winter. This is consistent with the increasing wave amplitudesdue to a stronger wave sourceduring those periods. Future studies are still required in order to understand how the vertical modulation of CCEWs on RH and wind fields can be used to better improve weather predictions in the tropics.
Water Supplying Vegetation Index (WSVI) Analysis for Drought Rate Mapping in Bogor Regency
Authors: Rosalena I R , Rokhmatuloh  , Hernina Revi
Published: May 2019

Bogor dubbed as The City of Rain because of the high rainfall, Bogor is also a water conservation area. But in recent years in 2015, there was drought in several subdistricts in Bogor, consisting of 40 districts and distributed in 59 villages. Drought is closely related to the existing water reserves in the soil, good water to land as well as for everyday human needs. This research aims to map levels of drought that occurred in Bogor Regency from 2005 to 2015 using the Water Supplying Vegetation Index (WSVI). Research with Water Supplying Vegetation Index (WSVI) is to map the level of drought is still not much done in Indonesia. Methodology this research is to analyze the data of remote sensing technology and geographic information system (GIS) using the Water Supplying Vegetation Index (WSVI) prepared from Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS and Landsat 5 TM. Obtained that areas with a very high level of drought are Cariu Subdistrict, Babakanmadang Subdistrict, Jonggol Subdistrict, Ciampea Subdistrict, and Cibungbulang Subdistrict. The level of drought can be indicated by the level of humidity. If there is a decrease in vegetation, it can reduce the level of moisture which later can also increase the potential for drought.
Influence of the positive Indian Ocean Dipole in 2012 and El Niño-southern oscillation (ENSO) in 2015 on The Indonesian Rainfall Variability
Authors: Mareta Lesi , Hidayat Rahmat , Hidayati Rini , Alsepan Givo
Published: May 2019

Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) and El Niño-southern oscillation (ENSO) are coupled ocean – atmosphere variability in the Indo – Pacific Oceans that play important roles to the Indonesian rainfall variability. This study is focused on the influence of the positive IOD in 2012 and El Niño in 2015 on the rainfall in Indonesia using satellite-derived precipitation data. Sea surface temperature (SST), rainfall and wind components, are analyzed to evaluate the detailed evaluation of those events. The results show that, in 2012, the positive IOD develops in July - October and reaches its peak in September. During the positive IOD in 2012, there is a negative SST anomaly in the eastern Indian Ocean (western Sumatra). This causes a shift in the warm water pool to the western Indian Ocean. This shifted warm pool is accompanied by a shift in the convective region, leading to deareased rainfall in the western Sumatra. Mean while, in 2015, El-Niño started to develop from July to November. Negative anomalies of rainfall in the transition period II and the east monsoon season are in line with the SST elevation in the eastern and central Pacific Ocean. So that the eastern and central of the Pacific Ocean become to center of low pressure which causes the air in the eastern Pacific Ocean to upward (convection) which will form a clouds that contain water, so that the eastern and central of the Pacific Ocean will experience an increase in the amount of rainfall while in the western of the Pacific Ocean or the eastern of Indonesia will experience a rainfall deficit.
Simulation of two-dimensional currents to the depth and suspended sediment concentration in Aceh Besar Waters
Authors: Setiawan I , Yuni S M , Purnawan S , Ilhamsyah Y , Wafdan R
Published: May 2019

Aceh Besar Waters are geographically located at 5.3° - 5.7°N and 95.1° - 95.6°E which border Indian Ocean, Andaman Sea, and Malacca Strait in the West, North, and East, respectively. The purpose of this study was to simulate the circulation of current and suspended sediment transport driven by southwest and northeast monsoon. Model discretization cover 0.5 x 0.5 arcminutes (925 x 925 m) of spatial resolution with time interval of 9 seconds. The parameters of the model are wind friction Cd = 1.285x10−3, bottom friction r = 0.0025, lateral eddy viscosity = 2500 m2/s. The primary data of estuary suspended sediment concentrations were collected in the coastal waters of Lhok Nga, Ulee Lheue, Lampulo, Alue Naga and Krueng Raya as input for the suspended sediment distribution model. The results of the study show that during southwest monsoon, the current in the western part of Aceh Besar Waters move northward and during northeast monsoon in the western and eastern part of the region, the current move toward south and west. Thus, the distribution of suspended sediments follows the direction of the current, where sediment concentrations are reduced when they are away from the coast.
Characteristics study and robustness comparison of various star pattern recognition algorithm for star sensor using digital simulation
Authors: Ardi Nugraha Setya , Poetro Ridanto Eko , Arif Saifudin M , Fathurrohim Luqman , Courie Ilham Akbar
Published: May 2019

The last few years the use of star sensor, which is the most accurate sensor on satellites, began to penetrate into micro satellites and nano satellites, previously used only on high-end satellites. Hence we need to develop star sensor according to the specific needs of microsatellite and nano satellites. One of star sensor’s aspect is star pattern recognition algorithm. A good star pattern recognition algorithm must have a high level of matching success when there are a lot of disturbances (robust) and fast processing time. There are different types of star pattern recognition algorithms, which have their respective advantages and disadvantages, so it is necessary to characterize and compare the various algorithms. In this paper, the characterization and comparison of robustness in different types of star pattern recognition algorithm are done using digital simulation. The simulation results show that the success rate does not always rise with the number of stars used for matching because it depends on how the algorithm works. In addition, the more the number of stars are used, the longer processing time, and vice versa. The best algorithm in terms of success rate is an algorithm that uses a combination pattern of all possible triangles, in other words most robust, but has the longest processing time. This long processing time can be overcome by optimizing GSC (Guide Star Catalogue). From the results the multitriangles 2 algorithm has the best success rate compared to the other algorithms, with success rate for 5, 6, and 7 stars configuration are 97.8%, 98.7%, and 99.8% respectively.
Comparison of LISAT and Landsat imagery for estimating chlorophyll-a (case study: Jatiluhur Reservoir)
Authors: Permatasari P A , Muslimah S , Utomo B A
Published: May 2019

Jatiluhur Reservoir located in Purwakarta Regency, West Java is one of the largest reservoirs in Indonesia. Various studies have been done to determine the quality of water in the reservoir. The presence of locally made satellites, LISAT, can be a tool for monitoring the reservoir’s water constituent using satellite imagery. Our purpose here is to define the spectral reflectance properties on Jatiluhur Reservoir and determine the water column constituents that correlate with the observed lake color. In addition, this study also aims to compare the spatial, temporal, and spectral resolutions of LISAT imagery and Landsat imagery in the Jatiluhur Reservoir region. Based on the table of the relationship between TSI with chlorophyll a parameter, the TSI value is in the range of 80 - 90. TSI 80 value> falls into the category of hypereutrophic waters. The estimated result from Landsat and LISAT imageries still show different results. Chlorophyll-a value from image processing also show significance differences from Chlorophyll-a value derived from laboratory analysis.