bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An analytic network process (ANP) model to examine LEED-certified buildings’ operational performance
Authors: Ozcan Deniz Gulbin
Published: August 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to create and present a Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design New Construction (LEED NC) building performance assessment model that will identify and prioritize external parameters affecting a LEED-certified building’s operational performance.

Design/methodology/approach

The uncertainty associated with external parameters affecting a LEED-certified building’s operational performance is examined through the use of analytic network process (ANP). An ANP model is created based on the extensive literature research and experiences of professionals in the green building industry. Eight case studies are analyzed, and data collected through interviews with experts are utilized in prioritizing external parameters affecting buildings’ operational performance.

Findings

The findings show that the most important external parameters affecting a LEED-certified building’s operational performance are lack of enhanced commissioning, lack of life cycle assessment/life cycle costing analysis, lack of energy modeling, and lack of knowledge in green technology. The results demonstrate that both asset value and profit, as well as the economic life of the facility, are mostly affected by the energy efficiency of the building, and consequently LEED NC energy and atmosphere category.

Originality/value

This research contributes to the body of knowledge on green architecture by defining and prioritizing external parameters and their relationships to operational building performance in LEED NC projects. The proposed model can be used by construction managers and facility managers to operate LEED-certified buildings better and reduce environmental impacts throughout the functional life cycle of the building.
The Co-Creation-Wheel
Authors: Ehlen Corry , van der Klink Marcel , Stoffers Jol , Boshuizen Henny
Published: August 2017

Purpose

This study aims to design and validate a conceptual and practical model of co-creation. Co-creation, to design collaborative new products, services and processes in contact with users, has become more and more important because organisations increasingly require multidisciplinary collaboration inside and outside the organisation to respond to challenges and create added value.

Design/methodology/approach

This is a design and validation study, which uses mixed-methods, a reconstructive design and a semi-structured interview with a questionnaire as validation. The designed model is validated by 14 scholars and practitioners across fields.

Findings

Designed is a conceptual and practical model, the four-dimensional Co-Creation-Wheel, which contains success factors for co-creation: 12 internal team factors plus 4 external conditions and a core. The validation study of this model, scientifically and as a practical instrument, supported the importance of the components of the model and suggested slight improvements. This resulted in a refinement of the first designed Co-Creation-Wheel.

Research limitations/implications

Although restricted usefulness to large-scale structured innovation practices was expected, the instrument has a broader reach. First applications demonstrate that this Co-Creation-Wheel is multifunctional and international. It inspires, supports reflection of collaboration, stimulates interventions to enhance co-creation practices and human resource development (HRD) activities and is able to measure the quality of co-creation elements. Further research on its effects in co-creation practices is necessary, especially on the role of HRD in co-creation..

Originality/value

This study is the first to design and validate a multifaceted, holistic conceptual and practical model of co-creation that is easy to use for innovators in practice and is multifunctional.
Dimensions of role efficacy and managerial effectiveness: evidence from India
Authors: Bamel Umesh , Budhwar Pawan , Stokes Peter , Paul Happy
Published: August 2017

Purpose

While a range of studies have been undertaken on role efficacy (RE) and managerial effectiveness (ME), understanding of the link between RE and ME in the extant literature remains underdeveloped and, in particular, there is a need to develop appreciation of the phenomenon in varying (national and cultural) contexts. The purpose of this paper is to advance the understanding of ME by considering the relationship between RE and ME in the Indian context. In tandem with this focus, the study considers the parallel underlying dynamic and influence of social cognitive frameworks and adaptive self-regulation mechanisms.

Design/methodology/approach

The study employs a quantitative methodology and follows a correlational design. A survey questionnaire was employed sequentially (the independent variable was measured at time 1 and the dependent variable was measure at time 2) in order to collect data from 294 Indian managers. Structural equation modeling was used to ascertain the validity of measures and multiple hierarchical regression analysis was conducted to test the study hypotheses.

Findings

The results of the study identify that RE dimensions, i.e. role making, role centering and role linkage were significantly and positively related to ME and these findings are particularly important in relation to the transforming cultures of Indian work and organizational environments. These findings advance the understanding of social cognitive theory and adaptive self-regulation processes in relation to RE and ME.

Practical implications

The empirical results of this study suggest that RE-related components may be used as means to boost employee effectiveness.

Originality/value

The study identifies a significant role for RE in relation to beneficial outcomes for ME. These findings contribute to the field of social cognitive mechanisms by establishing positive relationships in domain link efficacy, i.e. RE and ME.
Experimental investigation and analysis of factors influencing delamination and thrust force during drilling of carbon-fibre reinforced polymer composites
Authors: D Rajkumar , P Ranjithkumar , Jenarthanan M.P. , C Sathiya Narayanan
Published: August 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to develop a statistical model for delamination and thrust forcing during drilling of carbon-fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites using response surface methodology (RSM) to determine the input parameters (drill speed, drill diameter and feed rate) that influences the output response (delamination and thrust force) in the machining of CFRP composite using solid carbide drill cutter.

Design/methodology/approach

Three factors, three levels central composite face centred (CCFC) design, is used to conduct the experiments on CFRP by carbide drill. The whole quality evaluation (delamination) was done by video measuring system to measure the width of maximum damage of the machined CFRP composite. The thrust forces during drilling are measured using digital multi-component cutting force (Make: IEICOS, Model: 652) dynamometer. The “Design Expert 7.0” is used to analyse the data collected graphically. An analysis of variance is carried out to validate the model and for determining the most significant parameter.

Findings

The response surface model is used to predict the input factors influencing the delamination and thrust force on the drilled surfaces of CFRP composite at different cutting conditions with the chosen range of 95 per cent confidence intervals. The analysis on the influences of the entire individual input machining parameters on the delamination and thrust force has been carried out using RSM. This investigation revealed that the drill diameter is the eminent factor which affects the responses.

Originality/value

In all, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5 mm holes have been successfully made on CFRP using vertical machining center, whereas the previous researchers have not drilled hole size less than 1 mm in CFRP using vertical machining center.
Preparative separation and purification of flavonoids from Lamiophlomis rotata (Benth.) Kudo.
Authors: Zhao Yingyu , Chen Zhenbin , Li Jie , Liu Zhen , Liu Donglei , Li Zhizong
Published: August 2017

Purpose

The purpose of the paper is to separate and purify flavonoids existed in Lamiophlomis rotata (Benth.) Kudo. by macroporous adsorption resin (MAR) mixed-bed technology.

Design/methodology/approach

The adsorption and desorption parameters were characterized by UV-VIS spectrophotometry. The optimal MAR mixed bed was screened based on the adsorption experiments; the experiment process was investigated by the order of single, two and three MAR mixed bed separately; and the adsorption performance, which was composed by the authority of 80 per cent adsorption ratios and 20 per cent desorption ratios, was adopted to screen MAR mixed bed for flavonoids. The adsorption dynamic investigated the order of reaction first, and then the adsorption mechanism was researched further. The adsorption thermodynamic investigated the adsorption isotherm first, and then the adsorption feature was analyzed.

Findings

This research found that MAR mixed bed of LS-840 + LSD301 with mass ratio of mLS840:mLSD301 = 3:2 was the optimized combination, and the optimal conditions of the adsorption were volume V = 50 mL, time t = 6.5 h, T = 40°C. The desorption conditions were ethanol content = 70 per cent, desorption time t = 3.0 h, T = 40°C. The adsorption dynamic experimental data fitted better to the pseudo-second-order, and the intra-particle-diffusion model was more suitable for expression of the adsorption mechanism in mesopores process, whereas the homogeneous particle-diffusion model was more suitable in microspores. The adsorption was a physical and multilayer adsorption, and the adsorption driving force was disappeared as it transferred to the fourth layer.

Practical implications

Find an efficient way to separate flavonoids that useful for human’s health, which can not only utilize of plant resources effectively, but also make outstanding contributions to medical industry. It has very high economic and social value.

Originality/value

This contribution provided a new way to separate flavonoids from Lamiophlomis rotata (Benth.) Kudo. Under the optimal conditions, the adsorption rate (F) of MAR mixed bed LS-840 + LSD301 to the flavonoids was 97.81 per cent, the desorption rate (D) was 90.02 per cent and the purity of flavonoids was dramatically increased about 2.08 fold of the crude extract from 28 to 58.4 per cent, and the recovery yield of flavonoids arrived at 91.6 per cent after a circle of adsorption/desorption operation.
iPad: efficacy of electronic devices to help children with autism spectrum disorder to communicate in the classroom
Authors: Sankardas Sulata Ajit , Rajanahally Jayashree
Published: August 2017

Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) are known to have difficulty in social communication, with research indicating that children with ASD fail to develop functional speech (Lord and Rutter, 1994). Over the years a number of Augmented and Alternate Communication (AAC) devices have been used with children with ASD to overcome this barrier and to facilitate communication. This article examines an Indian AAC tool called AVAZ (meaning sound), which is the first of its kind in India. The project reported also looks at the effectiveness of using AVAZ and the use of iPads by children with ASD in the classroom. Additionally, the article examines the suitability of using iPads for all learners in the spectrum. Twenty children between the ages of 4 and 10 years were selected to trial the use of AVAZ. They received three sessions weekly of 45 minutes over a period of 10 weeks. The feedback of the special educators who trained the children was analysed. The findings of this small scale study indicates that the children preferred using the AVAZ app and the iPad to pen and paper. Huguenin (2004) too indicated similar reports in using Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in enhancing children's motivation to learn and communicate. The trainers felt it could be used as an educational tool, and many more educational concepts could be added. Research also suggests that ICT can be used as a tool to tutor for educational purpose (Means, 1994). The AVAZ app could be recommended to children with ASD who are included in mainstream schools. This study was conducted at Sankalp, a special school in Tamil Nadu, Chennai.
Redundancy as a strategy in disaster response systems: A pathway to resilience or a recipe for disaster?
Authors: Nowell Branda , Bodkin Candice Pippin , Bayoumi Deena
Published: August 2017

Public management scholars have long sought to understand design principles that can promote the adaptability and resilience of complex organizational systems operating in uncertain and turbulent environments. Perhaps nowhere is this need more acute than in developing systems for responding to complex disasters. One concept that has received significant attention in discussion of resilient systems design is the notion of redundancy; however, existing literatures offer contradictory theories as to whether redundant designs enhance or undermine system resilience. Using case study data from three large‐scale wildfire events, this article extends the theoretical discussion of redundancy by developing a typology of redundancy strategies and investigating their application and associated consequences in incident response. Our findings reveal four principal ways redundancy can be integrated into system design: backup, cross‐functionality, duplication and cross‐checking. Further, each redundancy type is associated with its own capabilities for enhancing system resilience as well as its own set of risk factors that, if left unmanaged, could undermine system functioning. Findings demonstrate how understanding both the potential value and risk portfolio associated with each type of redundancy clarifies the management challenge for responders when employing these strategies.
How Do Firms Finance Nonprimary Market Investments? Evidence from REITs
Authors: Conklin James , Diop Moussa , Qiu Mingming
Published: August 2017

This study explores the impact of investment characteristics, mainly investment location relative to the firm's primary market, on financing choices by real estate investment trusts (REITs). Using a large sample of commercial property acquisitions, we show that REITs are 4–8% less likely to use secured (mortgage) debt when acquiring properties in their primary markets than elsewhere. The documented evidence supports a demand‐side story for the relation between investment characteristics and financing. Moreover, the evidence is consistent with the hypothesis that REITs avoid mortgage financing in their primary markets to preserve operational flexibility in those markets.
Surgical strategies in the treatment of liver hydatid cyst
Authors: Manterola Carlos , Otzen Tamara
Published: August 2017

Aim

Hydatidosis is an endemic zoonosis that is prevalent in South America, specifically in Chile, Argentina and Uruguay. Liver hydatidosis (LH) is associated with morbidity and mortality due to evolutionary complications, as well as the risk of complications related to surgical procedures. The surgical treatment of LH can be divided into four phases: isolation of the surgical area, evacuation of the cyst, treatment of the complications of the cyst and treatment of the residual cavity. LH surgical procedures can be classified as conservative and radical. The aim of the present study was to present a general, evidence‐based overview of some surgical aspects of interest in the treatment of LH.

Patients and Methods

An overview was conducted. Articles published between 1990 and 2015 and related to results of surgery in patients with LH were evaluated. PubMed, Web of Science, SciELO and Trip Database were reviewed, and the results of surgery in LH patients were evaluated.

Results

A total of 301 articles were retrieved, 46 of which met the selection criteria (3 systematic reviews, 2 controlled trials, 5 cohorts studies, 12 observational studies and 24 case series). The studies had a level of evidence of 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a and 4 of prognostic and therapy scenarios.

Conclusions

The articles found were few and heterogeneous, making meaningful conclusions difficult. Studies with better levels of evidence, methodological quality and population size are needed to make conclusions and recommendations.
Evaluation of New York State's Sex Offender Civil Management Assessment Process Recidivism Outcomes
Authors: Sandler Jeffrey C. , Freeman Naomi J.
Published: August 2017

Research Summary

We sought to evaluate New York State's sex offender civil management law by (a) investigating the sexual rearrest of offenders who were screened for possible civil management but who did not receive it and (b) evaluating the accuracy of the multi‐tiered civil management screening and assessment process. Our results indicated that each step in the multi‐tiered assessment process is effectively and accurately identifying higher risk offenders. Additionally, after a 5‐year follow‐up period, 4.6% of the offenders screened by the New York State Office of Mental Health (OMH) who did not receive civil management were rearrested for a sexual offense, which was a significant 36.1% decrease from the 7.2% five‐year sexual rearrest rate found before the enactment of civil management.

Policy Implications

The results suggest that the screening process used by OMH to implement New York's civil management initiative is accurately identifying lower and higher risk offenders. The size of the public safety gains from civil management, however, need to be kept in perspective. A 2.6% reduction in the sexual rearrest rate is certainly a significant reduction in rearrests, but it is still a small reduction within the scope of overall sexual offending. The constitutional limits placed on civil management, however, make it difficult for these programs to have further public safety gains than those already achieved. As such, additional efforts to produce further meaningful reductions of not just recidivism but of all sexual assault should continue to be explored.
Public Support for Emergency Shelter Housing Interventions Concerning Stigmatized Populations
Authors: Dum Christopher P. , Socia Kelly M. , Rydberg Jason
Published: August 2017

Research Summary

We examine citizen decision‐making in the context of providing access to safe housing to different noncriminal and criminal populations. More than 4,000 national online survey respondents considered different “emergency housing policy” scenarios that would affect the housing conditions of one of five randomly assigned populations of varying stigma (three noncriminal, two criminal). We find that the criminal populations had the least support for helpful housing policies and the most support for harmful housing policies. Furthermore, compared with a “no cost” policy, average support levels decreased when it increased taxes for the respondent.

Policy Implications

Citizens seem more willing to subject criminal populations to poor and unsafe housing conditions compared with noncriminal populations. Thus, citizen support may be higher when policies are pitched in ways that do not imply specifically helping ex‐offenders, when they do not involve a personal sacrifice through increased taxes, and when they do not involve “in‐my‐backyard” proposals. For example, a housing policy pitched as aiding the area's homeless (ex‐offenders included) would likely see more support than one that identifies ex‐offenders (and particularly sex offenders) as the population being targeted for help, or that identifies a specific neighborhood as a potential housing facility location.
raptr: Representative and adequate prioritization toolkit in R
Authors: Hanson Jeffrey O. , Rhodes Jonathan R. , Possingham Hugh P. , Fuller Richard A.
Published: August 2017

An underlying aim in conservation planning is to maximize the long‐term persistence of biodiversity. To fulfil this aim, the ecological and evolutionary processes that sustain biodiversity must be preserved. One way to conserve such processes at the feature level (e.g. species, ecosystem) is to preserve a sample of the feature (e.g. individuals, areas) that is representative of the intrinsic or extrinsic physical attributes that underpin the process of interest. For example, by conserving a sample of populations with local adaptations—physical attributes associated with adaptation—that is representative of the range of adaptations found in the species, protected areas can maintain adaptive processes by ensuring these adaptations are not lost. Despite this, current reserve selection methods overwhelmingly focus on securing an adequate amount of area or habitat for each feature. Little attention has been directed towards capturing a representative sample of the variation within each feature.

To address this issue, we developed theraptr Rpackage to help guide reserve selection. Users set “amount targets”—similar to conventional methods—to ensure that solutions secure a sufficient proportion of area or habitat for each feature. Additionally, users set “space targets” to secure a representative sample of variation in ecologically or evolutionarily relevant attributes (e.g. environmental or genetic variation). We demonstrate the functionality of this package, using simulations and two case studies. In these studies, we generated solutions using amount targets—similar to conventional methods—and compared them with solutions generated using amount and space targets.

Our results demonstrate that markedly different solutions emerge when targeting a representative sample of each feature. We show that using these targets is important for features that have multimodal distributions in the process‐related attributes (e.g. species with multimodal niches). We also found that solutions could conserve a far more representative sample with only a slight increase in reserve system size.

Theraptr Rpackage provides a toolkit for making prioritizations that secure an adequate and representative sample of variation within each feature. By using solutions that secure a representative sample of each feature, prioritizations may have a greater chance of achieving long‐term biodiversity persistence.
Evaluation of a lateral flow immunoassay for field identification of Solenopsis invicta (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Australia
Authors: Valles Steven M , Wylie Ross , Burwell Chris J , McNaught Melinda K , Horlock Christine
Published: August 2017

In an effort to improve surveillance capacity for the exotic red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta, a lateral flow immunoassay (LFA) was recently evaluated by Biosecurity Queensland staff in Australia. The purpose of the research was to assess the ability of the fire ant LFA to discriminate S. invicta from ants found in Australia and to conduct the first field evaluation of the test. In addition to S. invicta, 36 species of ants, collected mainly from Queensland, were evaluated by the LFA, including species from the Dolichoderinae (n = 7), Formicinae (n = 13), Myrmeciinae (n = 1), Myrmicinae (n = 11), Ponerinae (n = 3) and Pseudomyrmicinae (n = 1) subfamilies. The fire ant LFA test correctly identified S. invicta in every instance. No cross reactivity was observed in the other ant species. Field tests by staff previously unfamiliar with the test resulted in suggestions for improving ant collection and manipulation. The fire ant LFA appears to be suitable for use in Australia for rapid confirmation of potential new detections of S. invicta.
An Economics Perspective on Financial Reporting Objectives
Authors: Miller Anthony D. , Oldroyd David
Published: August 2017

The paper examines the IASB and FASB's stated objectives of financial reporting, and in particular the decision to disregard the motivational aspects of stewardship information. The paper shows this view to be flawed from a theoretical perspective and considers the practical consequences.
The Variation of Statin Use Among Nursing Home Residents and Physicians: A Cross‐Sectional Analysis
Authors: Campitelli Michael A. , Maxwell Colleen J. , Giannakeas Vasily , Bell Chaim M. , Daneman Nick , Jeffs Lianne , Morris Andrew M. , Austin Peter C. , Hogan David B. , Ko Dennis T. , Lapane Kate L. , Maclagan Laura C. , Seitz Dallas P. , Bronskill Susan E.
Published: August 2017

Objectives

To examine the variability of statin use among nursing home residents and prescribing physicians, and to assess statin use by resident frailty.

Design

Population‐based, cross‐sectional analysis.

Setting

All nursing home facilities (N = 631) in Ontario, Canada between April 1, 2013 and March 31, 2014.

Participants

All adults aged 66 years and older who received a full clinical assessment while residing in a nursing home facility and their assigned, most responsible, physician.

Measurements

Statin use on date of clinical assessment. Resident‐ and physician‐level characteristics ascertained through clinical assessment and health administrative data. Resident frailty was derived using a previously validated index.

Results

Among 76,226 nursing home residents assigned to 1,919 physicians, 25,648 (33.6%) were statin users. There were 13,331 (30.1%) statin users among the 44,290 residents categorized as frail. In an adjusted mixed‐effects logistic regression model, frail residents (adjusted odds ratio = 0.62, 95% confidence interval 0.58–0.65) were significantly less likely to be statin users compared with non‐frail residents. After adjustment for resident characteristics, the intraclass correlation coefficient indicated that between‐physician variability accounted for 9.1% of the residual unexplained variation in statin use (P < .001). Among the 894 physicians assigned 20 or more residents, funnel plots confirmed there were more low‐outlying (17.4%) and high‐outlying (12.0%) prescribers of statins than expected by chance. Physicians who were high‐outlying prescribers had higher historical rates of statin prescribing.

Conclusions and Relevance

Statin prescribing was substantial within nursing homes, even among frail residents. After controlling for resident characteristics, the likelihood of statin prescribing varied significantly across physicians. Further studies are required to evaluate the risks and benefits of statin use, and discontinuation, among nursing home residents to better inform clinical practice in this setting.
Modulation of the eyeblink and cardiac startle reflexes by genuine eye contact
Authors: Chen Tingji , Peltola Mikko J. , Dunn Richard , Pajunen Sanna M. , Hietanen Jari K.
Published: August 2017

Is another person's direct gaze an inherently positive or negative stimulus? The present study employed the startle reflex methodology to investigate individuals’ automatic reactions to another person's direct and averted gaze. In the study, participants’ eyeblink startle and cardiac reflexes elicited by a high‐intensity acoustic noise stimulus were measured in the context of viewing a live model's direct and downward gaze. Both the eyeblink electromyographic and electrocardiographic data revealed that the startle reflex was modulated by gaze direction. Direct gaze attenuated the eyeblink startle and cardiac reflexes to the acoustic probes compared to those elicited in the context of a downward gaze. These results indicate that the defense reflex is weaker when presented in the context of direct versus downward gaze, and thus suggest that another individual's direct gaze, compared to averted gaze, automatically elicits more positive affective responses in the viewer.
The parameterisation of Number
Authors: Hicks Christopher
Published: August 2017

The interpretation and marking of number greatly varies crosslinguistically. This paper examines the connections between the marking and interpretation of number for count nouns, based on evidence found in a range of languages. I argue that a consistent number interpretation depends on the presence of the grammatical feature Number, hosted on a functional Num head (as proposed by Ritter (1991)). If the Number feature and the Num head are present in the extended projection of the noun, then the denotation of that noun will be restricted accordingly in terms of number. I also argue that number marking results from a property of the Number feature, such that a language that marks number through an affix on the noun will have raising of N to the Num head and languages without such marking will be able to value the Number feature of the noun in situ. This leads to the proposal that the Number feature is the locus of parametric variation in the number system and predicts a new typology of number marking which accounts for languages that mark plural only, languages that also mark singular, languages that maintain a general number interpretation, and canonical classifier languages.
Cover Image, Volume 15, Issue 3
Authors: Gray M. E. , Lee S. , McDowell A. L. , Erskine M. , Loh Q. T. M. , Grice O. , Argyle D. J. , Bergkvist G. T.
Published: August 2017

The cover image, by M. E. Gray et al., is based on the Original Article Dual targeting of EGFR and ERBB2 pathways produces a synergistic effect on cancer cell proliferation and migration in vitro, DOI: 10.1111/vco.12230.

image
On Plurality Category and Teaching in Turkish
Authors: Alyılmaz Semra
Published: August 2017

When discussing about "plurality" of nouns in Turkish, it reminds /+lar/ affix after nouns (morpheme) and the subject is undervalued. Whereas, plurality and formation of plurality is not simple as it is thought as well as it is not made up of /+lar/ affix. It is because /+lar/ affix is only one of the linguistic elements in the morphological plurality used for making plural in Turkish.Out of /+lar/ affix, /+An+/, /+Ar+/, /+(ş)Ar+/, /+GIl+/, /+GUn+/, /+ºK+/, /+lA+/, /+ºs+/, /+ºş+/, /+ºT+/, /+ºz+/ affixes have given plurality, plus, double, group, generalization, exaggeration, respect etc. to the words they are added in the historical process of Turkish. However, a major part of affixes used in plurality by morphological ways in Turkish has lost their function of plurality etc. in the historical process and combined with the base, origin, and body of their words.The plurality in Turkish is a name of category (as it is in all world languages) and made in three ways: Morphological plurality, semantic plurality, and syntactic pluralityIn this article, information is given primarily in "generality" and "singularity" and secondarily in plurality in Turkish, ways of forming this category, and some problems in learning it.
On the de Rham homology and cohomology of a complete local ring in equicharacteristic zero
Authors: Switala Nicholas
Published: August 2017

Let $A$ be a complete local ring with a coefficient field $k$ of characteristic zero, and let $Y$ be its spectrum. The de Rham homology and cohomology of $Y$ have been defined by R. Hartshorne using a choice of surjection $R\rightarrow A$ where $R$ is a complete regular local $k$-algebra: the resulting objects are independent of the chosen surjection. We prove that the Hodge–de Rham spectral sequences abutting to the de Rham homology and cohomology of $Y$, beginning with their $E_{2}$-terms, are independent of the chosen surjection (up to a degree shift in the homology case) and consist of finite-dimensional $k$-spaces. These $E_{2}$-terms therefore provide invariants of $A$ analogous to the Lyubeznik numbers. As part of our proofs we develop a theory of Matlis duality in relation to ${\mathcal{D}}$-modules that is of independent interest. Some of the highlights of this theory are that if $R$ is a complete regular local ring containing $k$ and ${\mathcal{D}}={\mathcal{D}}(R,k)$ is the ring of $k$-linear differential operators on $R$, then the Matlis dual $D(M)$ of any left ${\mathcal{D}}$-module $M$ can again be given a structure of left ${\mathcal{D}}$-module, and if $M$ is a holonomic ${\mathcal{D}}$-module, then the de Rham cohomology spaces of $D(M)$ are $k$-dual to those of $M$.
Mind your bedtime: The circadian clock and mTOR in an orphan brain disease
Authors: Haspel Jeffrey
Published: August 2017

Circadian disturbances that accompany tuberous sclerosis Complex are explored in mouse models.
Cellobiose Consumption Uncouples Extracellular Glucose Sensing and Glucose Metabolism in
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Chomvong Kulika , Benjamin Daniel I. , Nomura Daniel K. , Cate Jamie H. D.
Published: August 2017

Glycolysis is central to energy metabolism in most organisms and is highly regulated to enable optimal growth. In the yeast
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
, feedback mechanisms that control flux through glycolysis span transcriptional control to metabolite levels in the cell. Using a cellobiose consumption pathway, we decoupled glucose sensing from carbon utilization, revealing new modular layers of control that induce ATP consumption to drive rapid carbon fermentation. Alterations of the beta subunit of phosphofructokinase-1 (
PFK2
), H
+
-plasma membrane ATPase (
PMA1
), and glucose sensors (
SNF3
and
RGT2
) revealed the importance of coupling extracellular glucose sensing to manage ATP levels in the cell. Controlling the upper bound of cellular ATP levels may be a general mechanism used to regulate energy levels in cells, via a regulatory network that can be uncoupled from ATP concentrations under perceived starvation conditions.

IMPORTANCE
Living cells are fine-tuned through evolution to thrive in their native environments. Genome alterations to create organisms for specific biotechnological applications may result in unexpected and undesired phenotypes. We used a minimal synthetic biological system in the yeast
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
as a platform to reveal novel connections between carbon sensing, starvation conditions, and energy homeostasis.
Euglycaemic ketoacidosis: a potential new hazard to plastic surgery day case and inpatient procedures
Authors: Sleiwah Aseel , McBride Michael , Black Claire E.
Published: August 2017

A woman aged 44 underwent elective standard abdominoplasty and bilateral mastopexy (superiorly based pedicle with vertical scar) following weight loss of 8.5 stone (53.9 kg) over a 5-year period. She had type 2 diabetes and her antidiabetic medications included metformin, liraglutide and empagliflozin. Towards the end of the first postoperative day, she reported gradual onset of nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain. Her condition continued to deteriorate overnight, becoming tachycardic and tachypnoeic. Urgent investigations showed severe diabetic ketoacidosis with euglycaemia. She was managed with fluid resuscitation, insulin infusion and intravenous sodium bicarbonate in the high dependency unit. She made a complete clinical and biochemical recovery and was discharged on day 9 postoperatively. This case illustrates a diagnostic challenge of a serious life-threatening complication of diabetes in the postoperative period associated with a novel class of antidiabetic medications, sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors.
Ventilator respiratory graphic diagnosis of hiccupping in non-ketotic hyperglycinaemia
Authors: Panayiotou Eliana , Spike Kelly , Morley Colin , Belteki Gusztav
Published: August 2017

A neonate presented with early encephalopathy deteriorated and was intubated and ventilated. Ventilator data were monitored and recorded at 100 Hz for 24 hours.

The infant had many sudden deep inspirations during this time which were initially thought to be seizures. These were characterised by short, rapid, large inspirations when the airway pressure was reduced well below the positive end expiratory pressure level. Analysis of the ventilator data showed that these were hiccupping episodes misinterpreted by the ventilator as spontaneous breaths and triggering ventilator inflations. The expired tidal volumes during the hiccupping episodes were more than double the set 4.5 mL/kg. During these episodes, there was no change in the level of consciousness or in the amplitude-integrated electroencephalogram signal. Detailed respiratory recording of pathological hiccups has not been reported.

Metabolic screening diagnosed non-ketotic hyperglycinaemia. Hiccups commonly occur in this condition and should not be misinterpreted as seizures, spontaneous breaths or gasps.
Clinical profiles, comorbidities and complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus in patients from United Arab Emirates
Authors: Jelinek Herbert F , Osman Wael M , Khandoker Ahsan H , Khalaf Kinda , Lee Sungmun , Almahmeed Wael , Alsafar Habiba S
Published: August 2017

Objective

To assess clinical profiles of patients with type 2 diabetes in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), including patterns, frequencies, and risk factors of microvascular and macrovascular complications.

Research design and methods

Four hundred and ninety patients with type 2 diabetes were enrolled from two major hospitals in Abu Dhabi. The presence of microvascular and macrovascular complications was assessed using logistic regression, and demographic, clinical and laboratory data were collected. Significance was set at p<0.05.

Results

Hypertension (83.40%), obesity (90.49%) and dyslipidemia (93.43%) were common type 2 diabetes comorbidities. Most of the patients had relatively poor glycemic control and presented with multiple complications (83.47% of patients had one or more complication), with frequent renal involvement. The most frequent complication was retinopathy (13.26%). However, the pattern of complications varied based on age, where in patients <65 years, a single pattern presented, usually retinopathy, while multiple complications was typically seen in patients >65 years old. Low estimated glomerular filtration rate in combination with disease duration was the most significant risk factor in the development of a diabetic-associated complication especially for coronary artery disease, whereas age, lipid values and waist circumference were significantly associated with the development of diabetic retinopathy.

Conclusions

Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the UAE frequently present with comorbidities and complications. Renal disease was found to be the most common comorbidity, while retinopathy was noted as the most common diabetic complication. This emphasizes the need for screening and prevention program toward early, asymptomatic identification of comorbidities and commence treatment, especially for longer disease duration.
RNA extraction from decaying wood for (meta)transcriptomic analyses
Authors: Adamo Martino , Voyron Samuele , Girlanda Mariangela , Marmeisse Roland
Published: August 2017

Wood decomposition is a key step of the terrestrial carbon cycle and is of economic importance. It is essentially a microbiological process performed by fungi and to an unknown extent by bacteria. To gain access to the genes expressed by the diverse microbial communities participating in wood decay, we developed an RNA extraction protocol from this recalcitrant material rich in polysaccharides and phenolic compounds. This protocol was implemented on 22 wood samples representing as many tree species from 11 plant families in the Angiosperms and Gymnosperms. RNA was successfully extracted from all samples and converted into cDNAs from which were amplified both fungal and bacterial protein coding genes, including genes encoding hydrolytic enzymes participating in lignocellulose hydrolysis. This protocol applicable to a wide range of decomposing wood types represents a first step towards a metatranscriptomic analysis of wood degradation under natural conditions.
Soil-gas and weak partial soil extractions for nickel exploration through transported cover in Western Australia
Authors: Noble R. R. P. , Seneshen D. M. , Lintern M. J. , Anand R. R. , Pagès A. , Pinchand G. T.
Published: August 2017

Traditional, near surface geochemical techniques have been effective in mineral discovery but to explore in deeper transported cover (>10 m) and find new resources, as demanded by a growing global population, new and improved exploration methods are required. As mineral exploration transitions from exploring in residual outcropping terrains into deeper covered terrains, geochemical signatures are diluted and the ability to successfully discern subtle geochemical signatures is essential. At the ‘geochemically-blind’ North Miitel Ni deposit in Western Australia, we compared passive soil-gas hydrocarbons and weakly extracted elements from soil (10 – 20 cm depth) with both proving successful. The primary mineralization is >200 m below the surface, but a weak zone of secondary Ni enrichment occurs in the saprolite at 15 – 20 m depth. This enriched zone is covered by 10 – 15 m of transported cover. Minimum hypergeometric probability (MHP) statistics were used to evaluate the near surface geochemical signatures of
c.
100 samples from three traverses over the mineralization. Soil samples from 10–20 cm were subjected to distilled water, 0.1 M cold hydroxylamine hydrochloride and aqua regia extractions. The water-extractable concentrations of Ni, Co, Mo, Sb, and Sn were successful in identifying mineralization (MHP <1%, type II error). The hydrocarbons, 2-methylbutane, pentane and 1-pentene were also successful (MHP <1%) at identifying the zone of mineralization using the Amplified Geochemical Imaging (AGI) passive soil-gas collectors. Of the techniques used, the water extraction performed the best using MHP classified accuracy to identify mineralization. The passive soil-gas data were the second most effective, and superior to the stronger partial extractions using hydroxylamine and aqua regia that did not identify the mineralized zone (MHP>>1%). The water extraction and the passive soil-gas showed a greater degree of variability than the stronger extractions. The results indicate that depth of sampling, interaction with organic carbon and potential mechanisms of metal migration greatly influence the geochemical anomaly near the surface. These mechanisms are evident as hydromorphic dispersion at depth, with potential capillarity and gaseous migration up through the profile above the water table. Integrating an understanding of metal migration mechanisms, genesis and evolution of target and pathfinder compounds (particularly hydrocarbons) related to deposit types will improve future exploration. Extending into much deeper cover (>20 m), the viability of passive soil-gas methods may become more relevant and warrant further study for mineral exploration.
Model of rhythmic ball bouncing using a visually controlled neural oscillator
Authors: Avrin Guillaume , Siegler Isabelle A. , Makarov Maria , Rodriguez-Ayerbe Pedro
Published: August 2017

The present paper investigates the sensory-driven modulations of central pattern generator dynamics that can be expected to reproduce human behavior during rhythmic hybrid tasks. We propose a theoretical model of human sensorimotor behavior able to account for the observed data from the ball-bouncing task. The novel control architecture is composed of a Matsuoka neural oscillator coupled with the environment through visual sensory feedback. The architecture’s ability to reproduce human-like performance during the ball-bouncing task in the presence of perturbations is quantified by comparison of simulated and recorded trials. The results suggest that human visual control of the task is achieved online. The adaptive behavior is made possible by a parametric and state control of the limit cycle emerging from the interaction of the rhythmic pattern generator, the musculoskeletal system, and the environment.

NEW & NOTEWORTHY The study demonstrates that a behavioral model based on a neural oscillator controlled by visual information is able to accurately reproduce human modulations in a motor action with respect to sensory information during the rhythmic ball-bouncing task. The model attractor dynamics emerging from the interaction between the neuromusculoskeletal system and the environment met task requirements, environmental constraints, and human behavioral choices without relying on movement planning and explicit internal models of the environment.
A Protocol for Diagnosis and Management of Aortic Atherosclerosis in Cardiac Surgery Patients
Authors: Jansen Klomp Wouter W. , Brandon Bravo Bruinsma George J. , Van ’t Hof Arnoud W. J. , Grandjean Jan G. , Nierich Arno P.
Published: August 2017

In patients undergoing cardiac surgery, use of perioperative screening for aortic atherosclerosis with modified TEE (A-View method) was associated with lower postoperative mortality, but not stroke, as compared to patients operated on without such screening. At the time of clinical implementation and validation, we did not yet standardize the indications for modified TEE and the changes in patient management in the presence of aortic atherosclerosis. Therefore, we designed a protocol, which combined the diagnosis of atherosclerosis of thoracic aorta and the subsequent considerations with respect to the intraoperative management and provides a systematic approach to reduce the risk of cerebral complications.
Optimization of Fuzzy Control for Magnetorheological Damping Structures
Authors: Ding Jianguo , Sun Xin , Zhang Lifeng , Xie Jiaoyan
Published: August 2017

Due to the influence of nonlinearity and time-variation, it is difficult to establish an accurate model of a magnetorheological damping structure that adopts semiactive control. Fuzzy control is a relatively appropriate control method, but fuzzy control design is susceptible to human subjective experience, which will decrease the control effect. This paper proposes new fuzzy control rules based on a genetic algorithm (GA) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) and performs a numerical simulation for a three-layer reinforced concrete frame structure under conditions of an uncontrolled structure, fuzzy control, fuzzy control optimized by GA, fuzzy control optimized by PSO, and GA-optimized FLC control (GA-FLC) proposed by Ali and Ramaswamy (2008). The results show that (1) the fitness values of the convergence of the two types of optimized fuzzy control are close. The speed of the convergence of the fuzzy control optimized by PSO is faster than that of the fuzzy control optimized by GA, but its running speed is slower. (2) Comparing the acceleration and displacement of the structure under the conditions of three different seismic waves, the effect of the optimized fuzzy control is better than that of the human experience fuzzy control and GA-FLC.
Feasibility of Terahertz Time-Domain Spectroscopy to Detect Carbendazim Mixtures Wrapped in Paper
Authors: Qin Binyi , Li Zhi , Luo Zhihui , Zhang Huo , Li Yun
Published: August 2017

The purpose of this work was to detect carbendazim mixtures wrapped in paper. Unlike previous reports of THz-TDS for detecting pesticide residue, this work focused on detecting pesticide residue in packaged foods. Different weight ratios of carbendazim in polyethylene and in rice powder were detected qualitatively and quantitatively. Results show that pure carbendazim, polyethylene, and rice powder can be easily distinguished from each other. However, when the weight ratio was low, the absorbance of the mixture was similar with that of pure polyethylene and rice powder. With the help of SVM, carbendazim could be qualitatively detected in low weight ratio mixture successfully. Moreover, PLS and SVR were selected to quantitatively detect carbendazim mixtures. SVR has higher R and lower RMSECV, RMSEC, and RMSEP than PLS model. Lasty, the results also indicate that THz-TDS is a potential tool to detect pesticide residue in packaged foods qualitatively and quantitatively.