bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fighting as a Trope for Flight from Conflict: Combat Sports in Le Débrouillard (N.G.M. Faye) and L’Appel des arènes (Aminata Sow Fall)
Authors: Hogarth Christopher
Published: May 2022

Christopher Hogarth discusses boxing as ‘a small-scale civilizing machine’ and the resulting tension when the trope of combat is used in narratives about Senegalese migration in a post-independence context. Comparing multiple texts and films, he demonstrates the difficulties of representing African identities in a complicated, ever-changing world. After examining the theories of boxing proposed by Loïc Wacquant and others, Hogarth discusses two novels written by Senegalese authors that depict the act of fighting as a greater form of self-knowledge, portraying different resultant forms of ‘civilization.’ N.G.M. Faye’s novel Le Débrouillard (1964) is one of the rare tales of a successful migrant (here, a Senegalese man in France) in the post-independence period. Its positive portrayal of a young man’s experiences as he moves from his homeland to a difficult, ‘modern’ metropole and learns to lead a happy life balancing tradition and modernity through fighting, resembles the story found in the other Senegalese novel analyzed in this chapter, Aminata Sow Fall’s L’appel des arènes (1982). Hogarth argues that these authors’ common uses of the trope of combat are a form of self-discovery and débrouillardise in the complicated, ever-changing world of the migrant African subject.
Synopsis
Authors: Daniel Rob
Published: May 2022

New Essex, North Carolina, 1991. Max Cady (Robert De Niro) is released from prison after serving fourteen years for rape and aggravated sexual battery. He begins a campaign of intimidation against Sam Bowden (Nick Nolte), the lawyer who defended him. He follows Sam, Sam’s wife Leigh (Jessica Lange), and their fifteen-year-old daughter Danielle (Juliette Lewis) to a movie theatre and then to an ice cream parlour....
Devil in the Details – Horror and Cape Fear
Authors: Daniel Rob
Published: May 2022

An investigation into how horror cinema informed and is reflected in Cape Fear. Beginning with theoretical models, this reviews the film using Brigid Cherry’s definition of horror as a set of sub-genres, plus Robin Wood’s “incoherent text” tool, and Andrew Tudor’s demarcation of 20th century cinematic horror into “Secure Horror” and “Paranoid Horror.” Analysis of how the film was informed by, or has elements of, contemporary horror cinema, including the Devil movie, rural horror, slasher cinema, and yuppie horror. The representation of Robert De Niro’s antagonist as a diabolical figure, based on biblical depictions of Satan as grand corruptor, together with strong suggestions of supernatural abilities. Analysis of how John D. MacDonald’s source novel, The Executioners, and the original 1962 film are used as points of comparison and contrast within Scorsese’s film.
Rupture and Reconstruction
Authors: Soloveitchik Haym
Published: May 2022

The essay that forms the core of this book is an attempt to understand the developments that have occurred in Orthodox Jewry in America in the last seventy years, and to analyse their implications. The prime change is what is often described as ‘the swing to the right’, a marked increase in ritual stringency, a rupture in patterns of behaviour that has had major consequences not only for Jewish society but also for the nature of Jewish spirituality. For the book's author, the key feature at the root of this change is that, as a result of migration to the ‘New Worlds’ of England, the United States, and Israel and acculturation to its new surroundings, American Jewry—indeed, much of the Jewish world—had to reconstruct religious practice from normative texts: observance could no longer be transmitted mimetically, on the basis of practices observed in home and street. In consequence, behaviour once governed by habit is now governed by rule. This new edition allows the author to deal with criticisms raised since the essay, long established as a classic in the field, was originally published, and enables readers to gain a fuller perspective on a topic central to today's Jewish world and its development.
“The See-Saw of Race”
Authors: Hall Michael Ra-Shon
Published: May 2022

The first chapter argues that writers in the black press from the post-Reconstruction era through the 1960s attempt to locate and advertise geographical spaces in which African Americans could move beyond mobility consistently haunted and complicated by uneven practices of discrimination as well as a disparate quality of accommodations and services. Citing a multitude of news articles from numerous black press outlets, the chapter illustrates how racialized and ethnic social practices made it difficult for African American travelers to journey with the same confidence as their European American counterparts. As result particularly of Jim Crow discrimination, African American travelers regularly turned to the black press and periodicals as tools with which to navigate and challenge impediments to their mobility. While efforts to protect African American travellers were not always successful, resources and information provided by the black press were crucial to mitigating the harmful effects of discrimination. Even more, the black press laid a foundation on which writers of nonfiction and fiction built notably in terms of continuing the careful documentation of racialized and ethnic barriers to African American mobility and also extending readers’ understanding of impasses to free movement by including gendered limitations, particularly related to women’s mobility.
Pound and/ or Franklin
Authors: Gery John
Published: May 2022

John Gery takes Philadelphia as his starting point, but less for Pound’s ties to Jefferson than for his mostly unexplored associations with Benjamin Franklin’s sensibility. When looking for early American counterparts to the prominent figures who populate The Cantos, from Sordello to Confucius, Pound looked first to Jefferson, then to John Adams as his American icons, despite Franklin’s public prominence. Although Pound does refer to Franklin some twenty times in The Cantos, he underplays his role. “Given Franklin’s prominent reputation for his imagination, unorthodox manner, wily and sometimes scandalous behaviour, inventive spirit, public service, and political savvy,” he might well have a more formidable presence in Pound’s epic. After comparing Franklin’s views on education with Pound’s ideal of a formal education, and after contrasting both writers’ views on “civic economy,” Gery ends with a close reading of Franklin’s portrait in Canto 31, to determine what Franklin represents for Pound, what aspects of his American imprint has found its way into The Cantos, cross-historically, possibly evident as much as by what Pound omits as by what he incorporates.
Fenollosa and Pound
Authors: Wei Lin
Published: May 2022

Lin Wei examines the nagging question about the extent of Pound’s authorship regarding the posthumous publication of Ernest Fenollosa’s manuscript, The Chinese Written Character as a
Medium for Poetry. Setting aside Pound’s separate preoccupation with Far Eastern culture and its influence on modernism, Wei observes how critical discussions of The Chinese Written Character can get confused, principally because Pound, not Fenollosa, is often assumed to be its author. When, after Fenollosa’s death in 1908, his widow asked Pound to edit for publication her husband’s translations and theoretical writings, Pound accepted the challenge and, through his life-long advocacy for Fenollosa’s disputed argument about the visual nature of the classical Chinese language, The Chinese Written Character has exerted an enormous influence on Western poets. Drawing on Haun Saussy’s 2008 edition of The Chinese Written Character, Wei’s essay compares that edition to earlier editions, as she analyses Pound’s method of editing, uncovers evidence of his shaping the text to fit his own poetic agenda, and deconstructs Pound’s theory as an author/editor. Adopting an approach from Walter Benjamin’s “The Ways of the Translator,” Wei raises important cross-cultural questions, not only about how Pound “edits” others’ texts, but about the art of translation itself.
The Genealogy of the China Cantos
Authors: Su Kent
Published: May 2022

Kent Su looks into The Cantos to examine how Pound’s reading of contemporary accounts  of Chinese history from a Confucian perspective helped to shape his method for Cantos 52–61, the sequence known as the Chinese Cantos or China Cantos. Following his own dictum in ABC of Reading, “DICHTEN = CONDENSARE” (which Su describes as a “principle of lean philosophical economy”), Pound in the 1930s used the approach of “condensing some historical facts” to capture the pith and gist of ancient Chinese history, an approach Pound also attributes to Mussolini. Readers know that for these Cantos Pound drew from the French text of Joseph-Anne-Marie de Moyriac de Mailla’s 11-volume Histoire  générale de la Chine, but Su demonstrates how Pound also made significant use of the two Chinese texts that served as the basis for de Mailla’s Histoire, namely, Sima Guang’s Zizhi Tongjian and Zhu Xi’s Tongjian Gangmu, the latter a condensation of Guang’s 20-volume history. Su further contrasts the influences of Greek philosophy and Confucianism on Pound, as he offers analyses the complex cross-cultural sources of the China Cantos.
The Poetics of Queering Translation in Ezra Pound’s Homage to Sextus Propertius
Authors: Bancroft Christian
Published: May 2022

Christian Bancroft adopts the approach of “queering translation” to Pound’s controversial renderings of the Latin poetry of Sextus Propertius in Homage to Sextus Propertius. Based on the work of William Spurlin and others, Bancroft clarifies that, as a methodology, queering translation does not merely concern the translation of a queer writer from one language to another but, more pointedly, involves “the heterogeneity that exists between languages: a space of indeterminacy that includes the untranslatable,” as it “emphasizes the nebulous, the ambiguous, multiplicities, heterogeneities, femininities, masculinities, as well as the sexual, gendered, cultural, and historical differences between languages.” Bancroft’s application of queer theory provides a new reading of Homage, a sequence discussed less often than Mauberley, by way of addressing ongoing issues in both modernist studies and Pound’s methods of “translation.” He examines Pound’s specific choices of translated terms, such as Pound rendering Graios orgia as “Grecian  orgies” (instead of the more accurate phrase, “mysteries or sacred rites”), in order to substitute modern idioms and convey Propertius’s humor. For Bancroft, such wordplay “foreignizes the text, disengaging the power relations that would otherwise threaten to domesticate the linguistic and cultural difference of the source text.”
Pound, Bergson, and the Vortex of Memory
Authors: Pollock Jonathan
Published: May 2022

Jonathan Pollock’s essay links Ezra Pound’s Vorticist thinking to the influential poetics of French philosopher Henri Bergson via Wyndham Lewis’s 1927 book, Time and Western Man. In that book, Lewis gives considerable attention to Bergson’s metaphysics but also devotes two chapters to Pound, whose reality is, like Bergson’s, of a temporal rather than a spatial nature. Drawing from Bergson, especially from Matière et Mémoire, Pollock makes a case for Pound’s Bergsonian poetics in The Cantos and speculates that from the start Pound’s notion of the vortex “almost certainly had in mind the famous cone of memory – a cone balancing on its tip on a flat plane. . .” In The Cantos, as in Bergson, “the vortex of the past is not to be understood as chronological”; rather, “the whole of the past is contained within each level, layer, or stratum of the cone.” Still, Pollock points out a significant divergence between them, when he discusses Bergson’s image in L’Évolution créatrice (1907) of a human arm plunged into iron filings. With Bergson the filings remain dead matter, whereas with Pound there is energy which creates patterns, like the Rose in the Steel Dust.
MEASURING THE INTER-STRUCTURAL LOW-CARBON ECONOMIC INEQUALITIES FROM PERSPECTIVES OF INDUSTRIAL HETEROGENEITY AND SCALE ECONOMY: A CASE STUDY OF CHINA’S 29 NON-FERROUS METAL INDUSTRIES
Authors: Sun Lu-Xuan , Wang Miao , Xia Yin-Shuang , Feng Chao
Published: May 2022

With the rapid energy consumption increase in China’s non-ferrous metal industry (NMI), there are inequalities in energy-related CO2 emissions among the sub-sectors. In this paper, a meta-frontier decomposition analysis was proposed for decomposing inter-structural low-carbon economic development inequalities among 29 sub-sectors in China’s NMI from 2004 to 2018 into 11 components, including four new factors, i.e., energy- and output- oriented technological gaps and scale economies. In addition, an I(CI) index is constructed to measure the inter-inequalities of low-carbon economic development among NMI and decomposed from the static and dynamic perspectives, respectively. Results show that: (1) I(CI) index was in a downward trend during 2004–2010, while remained stable during 2010–2018; (2) the energy-oriented technological gap (ETG) was the key promoters to increase I(CI); (3) the potential energy intensity (PEI) was the primary inhibiting factor for I(CI); (4) the government can reduce the inter-inequalities by narrowing the technological gap and reducing potential energy intensity in the energy market.
Nobeyama Survey of Inward Motions toward Cores in Orion Identified by SCUBA-2
Authors: Tatematsu Ken’ichi , Yeh You-Ting , Hirano Naomi , Liu Sheng-Yuan , Liu Tie , Dutta Somnath , Sahu Dipen , Evans II Neal J. , Juvela Mika , Yi Hee-Weon , Lee Jeong-Eun , Sanhueza Patricio , Li Shanghuo , Eden David , Kim Gwanjeong , Lee Chin-Fei , Wu Yuefang , Kim Kee-Tae , Tóth L. Viktor , Choi Minho , Kang Miju , Thompson Mark A. , Fuller Gary A. , Li Di , Wang Ke , Sakai Takeshi , Kandori Ryo , Hsu Shih-Ying , Chiong Chau-Ching ,   JCMT Large Program “SCOPE” collaboration,   “ALMASOP” collaboration
Published: May 2022

In this study, 36 cores (30 starless and six protostellar) identified in Orion were surveyed to search for inward motions. We used the Nobeyama 45 m radio telescope, and mapped the cores in the J = 1 → 0 transitions of HCO+, H13CO+, N2H+, HNC, and HN13C. The asymmetry parameter δV, which was the ratio of the difference between the HCO+ and H13CO+ peak velocities to the H13CO+ line width, was biased toward negative values, suggesting that inward motions were more dominant than outward motions. Three starless cores (10% of all starless cores surveyed) were identified as cores with blue-skewed line profiles (asymmetric profiles with more intense blueshifted emission), and another two starless cores (7%) were identified as candidate blue-skewed line profiles. The peak velocity difference between HCO+ and H13CO+ of them was up to 0.9 km s−1, suggesting that some inward motions exceeded the speed of sound for the quiescent gas (∼10–17 K). The mean of δV of the five aforementioned starless cores was derived to be −0.5 ± 0.3. One core, G211.16−19.33North3, observed using the Atacama Compact Array of the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array in DCO+
J = 3 → 2 exhibited blue-skewed features. Velocity offset in the blue-skewed line profile with a dip in the DCO+
J = 3 → 2 line was larger (∼0.5 km s−1) than that in HCO+
J = 1 → 0 (∼0.2 km s−1), which may represent gravitational acceleration of inward motions. It seems that this core is at the last stage in the starless phase, judging from the chemical evolution factor version 2.0 (CEF2.0).
Dependence of X
CO on Metallicity, Intensity, and Spatial Scale in a Self-regulated Interstellar Medium
Authors: Hu 胡 Chia-Yu 家瑜 , Schruba Andreas , Sternberg Amiel , van Dishoeck Ewine F.
Published: May 2022

We study the CO(1–0)-to-H2 conversion factor (X
CO) and the line ratio of CO(2–1)-to-CO(1–0) (R
21) across a wide range of metallicity (0.1 ≤ Z/Z
⊙ ≤ 3) in high-resolution (∼0.2 pc) hydrodynamical simulations of a self-regulated multiphase interstellar medium. We construct synthetic CO emission maps via radiative transfer and systematically vary the observational beam size to quantify the scale dependence. We find that the kpc-scale X
CO can be overestimated at low Z if assuming steady-state chemistry or assuming that the star-forming gas is H2 dominated. On parsec scales, X
CO varies by orders of magnitude from place to place, primarily driven by the transition from atomic carbon to CO. The parsec-scale X
CO drops to the Milky Way value of

2
×

10

20

cm

−
2

K

km

s

−
1

−
1

once dust shielding becomes effective, independent of Z. The CO lines become increasingly optically thin at lower Z, leading to a higher R
21. Most cloud area is filled by diffuse gas with high X
CO and low R
21, while most CO emission originates from dense gas with low X
CO and high R
21. Adopting a constant X
CO strongly over- (under-)estimates H2 in dense (diffuse) gas. The line intensity negatively (positively) correlates with X
CO (R
21) as it is a proxy of column density (volume density). On large scales, X
CO and R
21 are dictated by beam averaging, and they are naturally biased toward values in dense gas. Our predicted X
CO is a multivariate function of Z, line intensity, and beam size, which can be used to more accurately infer the H2 mass.
Using Statistical Emulation and Knowledge of Grain-surface Diffusion for Bayesian Inference of Reaction Rate Parameters: An Application to a Glycine Network
Authors: Heyl Johannes , Holdship Jonathan , Viti Serena
Published: May 2022

There exists much uncertainty surrounding interstellar grain-surface chemistry. One of the major reaction mechanisms is grain-surface diffusion for which the binding energy parameter for each species needs to be known. However, these values vary significantly across the literature which can lead to debate as to whether or not a particular reaction takes place via diffusion. In this work we employ Bayesian inference to use available ice abundances to estimate the reaction rates of the reactions in a chemical network that produces glycine. Using this we estimate the binding energy of a variety of important species in the network, by assuming that the reactions take place via diffusion. We use our understanding of the diffusion mechanism to reduce the dimensionality of the inference problem from 49 to 14, by demonstrating that reactions can be separated into classes. This dimensionality reduction makes the problem computationally feasible. A neural network statistical emulator is used to also help accelerate the Bayesian inference process substantially. The binding energies of most of the diffusive species of interest are found to match some of the disparate literature values, with the exceptions of atomic and diatomic hydrogen. The discrepancies between these two species are related to the limitations of the physical and chemical models. However, the use of a dummy reaction of the form H + X⟶HX is found to somewhat reduce the discrepancy with the binding energy of atomic hydrogen. Using the inferred binding energies in the full gas–grain version of UCLCHEM results in almost all the molecular abundances being recovered.
A Simulation-driven Deep Learning Approach for Separating Mergers and Star-forming Galaxies: The Formation Histories of Clumpy Galaxies in All of the CANDELS Fields
Authors: Ferreira Leonardo , Conselice Christopher J. , Kuchner Ulrike , Tohill Clár-Bríd
Published: May 2022

Being able to distinguish between galaxies that have recently undergone major-merger events, or are experiencing intense star formation, is crucial for making progress in our understanding of the formation and evolution of galaxies. As such, we have developed a machine-learning framework based on a convolutional neural network to separate star-forming galaxies from post-mergers using a data set of 160,000 simulated images from IllustrisTNG100 that resemble observed deep imaging of galaxies with Hubble. We improve upon previous methods of machine learning with imaging by developing a new approach to deal with the complexities of contamination from neighboring sources in crowded fields and define a quality control limit based on overlapping sources and background flux. Our pipeline successfully separates post-mergers from star-forming galaxies in IllustrisTNG 80% of the time, which is an improvement by at least 25% in comparison to a classification using the asymmetry (A) of the galaxy. Compared with measured Sérsic profiles, we show that star-forming galaxies in the CANDELS fields are predominantly disk-dominated systems while post-mergers show distributions of transitioning disks to bulge-dominated galaxies. With these new measurements, we trace the rate of post-mergers among asymmetric galaxies in the universe, finding an increase from 20% at z = 0.5 to 50% at z = 2. Additionally, we do not find strong evidence that the scattering above the star-forming main sequence can be attributed to major post-mergers. Finally, we use our new approach to update our previous measurements of galaxy merger rates


=
0.022
±
0.006
×

(
1
+
z
)

2.71
±
0.31

.
Reduced Atmospheres of Post-impact Worlds: The Early Earth
Authors: Itcovitz Jonathan P. , Rae Auriol S. P. , Citron Robert I. , Stewart Sarah T. , Sinclair Catriona A. , Rimmer Paul B. , Shorttle Oliver
Published: May 2022

Impacts may have had a significant effect on the atmospheric chemistry of the early Earth. Reduced phases in the impactor (e.g., metallic iron) can reduce the planet’s H2O inventory to produce massive atmospheres rich in H2. While previous studies have focused on the interactions between the impactor and atmosphere in such scenarios, we investigate two further effects: (1) the distribution of the impactor’s iron inventory during impact between the target interior, target atmosphere, and escaping the target; and (2) interactions between the post-impact atmosphere and the impact-generated melt phase. We find that these two effects can potentially counterbalance each other, with the melt–atmosphere interactions acting to restore reducing power to the atmosphere that was initially accreted by the melt phase. For a ∼1022 kg impactor, when the iron accreted by the melt phase is fully available to reduce this melt, we find an equilibrium atmosphere with H2 column density ∼104 moles cm−2 (pH2 ∼ 120 bars, X
H2 ∼ 0.77), consistent with previous estimates. However, when the iron is not available to reduce the melt (e.g., sinking out in large diameter blobs), we find significantly less H2 (7 × 102 − 5 × 103 moles cm−2, pH2 ≲ 60 bars, X
H2 ≲ 0.41). These lower H2 abundances are sufficiently high that species important to prebiotic chemistry can form (e.g., NH3, HCN), but sufficiently low that the greenhouse heating effects associated with highly reducing atmospheres, which are problematic to such chemistry, are suppressed. The manner in which iron is accreted by the impact-generated melt phase is critical in determining the reducing power of the atmosphere and resolidified melt pool in the aftermath of impact.
Primulina nana (Gesneriaceae), a new species from eastern Guangxi, China
Authors: Xiong Chi , Chou Wei-Chuen , Huang Yi , Wen Fang
Published: May 2022

Primulina nana C.Xiong, W.C.Chou & F.Wen, a new species of Gesneriaceae from limestone areas of Guangxi, China, is described and illustrated here. It morphologically resembles P. yangshuoensis Y.G.Wei & F.Wen in papillose leaf surface, but can be easily distinguished from the latter by noting a combination of characteristics, especially in its leaf blades, leaf blade indumentum characteristic, calyx lobes, corolla and the disc. We found only one population at the type locality, about 200 mature individuals. According to the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria (Version 3.1), the new species is provisionally assessed as Critically Endangered (CR).
Invariant tori for the derivative nonlinear Schrödinger equation with nonlinear term depending on spatial variable
Authors: Lou Zhaowei , Si Jianguo , Wang Shimin
Published: May 2022

We focus on a class of derivative nonlinear Schrödinger equation with reversible nonlinear term depending on spatial variable \begin{document}$ x $\end{document}:

   \begin{document}$ \begin{equation*} \mathrm{i} u_t+u_{xx}-\bar{u}u_{x}^2 + F(x, u, \bar{u}, u_{x}, \bar{u}_{x}) = 0, \quad x\in \mathbb{T}: = \mathbb{R}/2\pi\mathbb{Z}, \end{equation*} $\end{document}

where the nonlinear term \begin{document}$ F $\end{document} is an analytic function of order at least five in \begin{document}$ u, \bar{u}, u_{x}, \bar{u}_{x} $\end{document} and satisfies

   \begin{document}$ \begin{equation*} F(x, u, \bar{u}, u_{x}, \bar{u}_{x}) = \overline{F(x, \bar{u}, u, \bar{u}_{x}, u_{x})}. \end{equation*} $\end{document}

Moreover, we also assume that \begin{document}$ F $\end{document} satisfies the homogeneous condition (6) to overcome the degeneracy. We prove the existence of small amplitude, smooth quasi-periodic solutions for the above equation via establishing an abstract infinite dimensional Kolmogorov–Arnold–Moser (KAM) theorem for reversible systems with unbounded perturbation.
Bismut formula for intrinsic/Lions derivatives of distribution dependent SDEs with singular coefficients
Authors: Huang Xing , Song Yulin , Wang Feng-Yu
Published: May 2022

By using distribution dependent Zvonkin's transforms and Malliavin calculus, the Bismut type formula is derived for the intrinisc/Lions derivatives of distribution dependent SDEs with singular drifts, which generalizes the corresponding results derived for classical SDEs and regular distribution dependent SDEs.
On geometry of focal surfaces due to B-Darboux and type-2 Bishop frames in Euclidean 3-space
Authors: AL-Dayel Ibrahim , Solouma Emad , Khan Meraj
Published: May 2022

In Euclidean 3-space $ {\mathrm{E}}^3 $, a canonical subject is the focal surface of such a cliched space curve, which would be a two-dimensional corrosive with Lagrangian discontinuities. The tubular surfaces with respect to the B-Darboux frame and type-2 Bishop frame in $ {\mathrm{E}}^3 $ are given. These tubular surfaces' focal surfaces are then defined. For such types of surfaces, we acquire some results becoming Weingarten, flat, linear Weingarten conditions and we demonstrate that in $ {\mathrm{E}}^3 $, a tubular surface has no minimal focal surface. We also provide some examples of these types of surfaces.
A generalized Shift-HSS splitting method for nonsingular saddle point problems
Authors: Huang Zhuo-Hong
Published: May 2022

In this paper, we propose a generalized shift-HSS (denoted by SFHSS) iteration method for solving nonsingular saddle point systems with nonsymmetric positive definite (1, 1)-block sub-matrix, and theoretically verify its convergence property. In addition, we discuss the algebraic properties of the resulted SFHSS preconditioner and estimate the sharp eigenvalue bounds of the related preconditioned matrix. Finally, numerical experiments are given to support our theoretical results and reveal that the new method is feasible and effective.
Effect of fractional temporal variation on the vibration of waves on elastic substrates with spatial non-homogeneity
Authors: Alzaidi Ahmed SM , Mubaraki Ali M , Nuruddeen Rahmatullah Ibrahim
Published: May 2022

The current manuscript examines the effect of the fractional temporal variation on the vibration of waves on non-homogeneous elastic substrates by applying the Laplace integral transform and the asymptotic approach. Four different non-homogeneities, including linear and exponential forms, are considered and scrutinized. In the end, it is reported that the fractional temporal variation significantly affects the respective vibrational fields greatly as the vibrations increase with a decrease in the fractional-order $\mu$. Besides, the two approaches employed for the cylindrical substrates are also shown to be in good agreement for very small non-homogeneity parameter $\alpha$. More so, the present study is set to play a vital role in the fields of material science, and non-homogenization processes to state a few.
Prioritizing COVID-19 vaccination. Part 2: Real-time comparison between single-dose and double-dose in Japan
Authors: Kobayashi Tetsuro , Nishiura Hiroshi
Published: May 2022

Japan successfully implemented a mass vaccination program for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), immunizing more than 1 million persons a day by July 2021. Given the COVID-19 vaccination capacity limitations, an urgent question was raised regarding whether it would be better to (ⅰ) complete double-dose COVID-19 vaccination among healthcare personnel and older adults before beginning double-dose vaccination of younger adults (double-dose strategy) or (ⅱ) allocate a single dose of COVID-19 vaccine to all adults regardless of age before administering the second dose (single-dose-first strategy). We used an age-structured susceptible-infectious-recovered (SIR) compartment model to compare the effectiveness of possible COVID-19 vaccination strategies and the length of public health and social measures (PHSM) to minimize the cumulative COVID-19 disease risk and death toll. Our results indicate that if the single-dose-first strategy was taken, an estimated total of 1,387,078 persons, i.e., 263,315 children, 928,518 young adults, and 195,245 older adults, would develop COVID-19, resulting in 15,442 deaths. In contrast, if the double-dose strategy was taken instead, an estimated total of 1,900,172 persons, i.e., 377,107 children, 1,315,927 young adults, and 207,138 older adults, would develop COVID-19, yielding 17,423 deaths. Real-time investigation favored the disease transmission blocking option, i.e., single-dose vaccination strategy. Applying the single-dose-first strategy should yield a smaller epidemic size than applying the double-dose strategy; however, for both strategies, PHSM will be essential by the time second-dose COVID-19 vaccination is complete among all adults.
Homo Precarious
Authors: Dourgkounas Georgios
Published: May 2022

The aim of this study is to present an alternative approach to lifelong learning that contradicts the prevailing political rhetoric and highlights the role of lifelong learning as a mechanism to subjugate and control subjects, with the aim of increasing the profitability of companies and employers. Particular attention is paid to the ideological content of the concept of lifelong learning, to the way in which lifelong learning functions as a form of biopower, and to its connection with the emergence of a new ‘dangerous' class of the precariat.
Reframing Connection
Authors: McFarland Tessa
Published: May 2022

The strategies utilized by traffickers to exploit vulnerable humans continues to be one of history's cruelest treatment of others. At the heart of the manipulation is the misuse of the relational need for connection. The inherent need to attach to others is well researched throughout the field of psychology and serves as the basis for prevention of exploitation. This chapter focuses on a community-based intervention accessing the present strengths of minority communities with church partnerships through a psychological framework. The primary ways churches can detect and prevent human trafficking are through mental health education, integration, and intentional-movement-toward. These strategies engage at a community and relational level of engagement to create a resilient environment.
Mis-Framing of Sex Trafficking in News Reports
Authors: Morris Pamela L , Desmond Scott A.
Published: May 2022

Media shapes public perceptions about sex trafficking; how and under what circumstances sex trafficking occurs and by who and to whom are framed by news reports. This study examines a four-year span of U.S. news reports of law enforcement and judicial actions against sex traffickers (2017-2021). Articles were coded to determine the frames presented to readers. The results confirm that journalists continue to reduce trafficking to a crime problem, over-represent certain kinds of victims and perpetrators, and fail to educate readers about the definition of, causes of, and remedies for sex trafficking. Such reporting needs to improve the way it educates audiences about causes, solutions, perpetrators, and survivors. This is vital to better prepare the public—and law enforcement—to participate in combatting sex trafficking through reporting, funding services, and shaping effective public policy.
Predictive Analytics
Authors: Harris Kristen J. , Franchino-Olsen Hannabeth
Published: May 2022

This chapter presents Prevention Now's design and use of predictive analytics as a method to identify risk factors for human trafficking and to intervene the upstream of exploitation. The method relies on a social-ecological framework for organizing risk factors and to guide analytical prevention efforts. Prevention Now is a non-profit anti-trafficking organization that is prioritizing a data-driven and multidisciplinary approach to trafficking prevention. This approach has three central aims: to develop trans-disciplinary partnerships, to build geographically-specific analytical models, and to translate model findings into targeted prevention. This chapter presents efforts undertaken by Prevention Now towards building collaborative partnerships across systems in a given geography, county, state, to inform data collection and prevention efforts. The chapter centers around Prevention Now's predictive analytics project involving four US states and its ability to leverage data collection and analysis in efforts to better understand the drivers of trafficking.
Trafficking in Women and Children in Bangladesh
Authors: Ara Fardaus , Khan Md Mostafizur Rahman
Published: May 2022

Human trafficking has emerged as one of the world's most heinous and ubiquitous kinds of human rights violations against women and children. It has now become a serious social and political concern on a global and national scale. Bangladesh is primarily a source and transit country of cross-border trafficking due to several factors. Using qualitative methods, this study attempts to investigate the current situation and the laws and other strategies adopted by the government of Bangladesh to mitigate and/or battle the problem. It is found that enforcement of law alone cannot combat this evil. This study recommends stringent enforcement of the law, regional and international cooperation, and public awareness to prevent and combat trafficking in women and children in Bangladesh.
The Role of the Pediatric Healthcare System in Preventing, Identifying, and Responding to Child Trafficking
Authors: Wallace Carmelle , Huls Kara , Cohen Charli , Vincent Kathleen
Published: May 2022

This chapter aims to describe the role of the pediatric healthcare system in the prevention and identification of children and youth who are trafficked, and what the pediatric healthcare response should entail. To help providers understand the relevance of this work, the authors provide a detailed context for trafficking in children, specifically with regards to risk factors, special populations, vulnerabilities, and healthcare interactions, and then delve into an exploration of the evidence base describing pediatric health care provider knowledge, studied interventions, screening tools and strategies, and the pediatric provider response. Summary tables and case vignettes are included to provide the reader with helpful quick references.
Inclusion, Diversity Belonging, Equity, and Accessibility Principles on College Campuses
Authors: Brown Tasha Youngblood , Cornell Natasha , Tevlin Jennifer M. , Williams Daniqua , Mulvaney Tracy
Published: May 2022

Inclusion, diversity, belonging, equity, and accessibility (IDBEA) are foundational principles in learning, required to create a meaningful experience for students, faculty, and staff. The purpose of this chapter is to define the core elements of inclusion, diversity, belonging, equity, and accessibility, and to describe how each component impacts the student experience in higher education. Academics are only one measure of student achievement. Here, the authors present a review of current literature focused on the intersectionality of historically marginalized and underrepresented groups, and the role that faculty and staff play in creating a culture of empowerment for student success. Results show that the more engaged faculty and staff are in cultivating an authentic campus life culture, the more empowered higher education learners will be to not only complete their programs of study but do so in a way that empowers them to work toward future career accomplishments.
Negotiating Self-Efficacy During a Pandemic Through Pragmatic Teacher Hope
Authors: Meidl Christopher , Guzzi Isabella
Published: May 2022

Self-efficacy is one's belief about their ability to perform a skill or task. In teaching, this task includes managing curriculum goals, pedagogy, student behavior, navigating overt and covert systems, and maintaining a sense of self outside of teaching. This chapter tells the story of one new teacher who ended her teacher preparation during the COVID-19 pandemic, taught her first year online, and is in the midst of a chaotic online/in-person second year. Her sense of self-efficacy is processed as she moves from student teacher to in-person teacher in an urban school district. The typical trauma her students had was amplified by the restraints of the pandemic and changing pedagogical formats. Her trials and tribulations provide a narrative of enthusiasm, frustration, exhaustion, and hope as her own self-efficacy is tested and realigned. Transformation often is not designed but occurs through resiliency for not only students but also teachers.
Empowering Literacy Educators Through Trauma-Informed Practices
Authors: McLaurin Trent , Lewinski Kimberly E.
Published: May 2022

This chapter will discuss trauma-informed pedagogy that values student and teacher voice. This approach leads to an anti-deficit lens that builds on resiliency through literacy instruction. Additionally, the authors demonstrate how to incorporate a trauma-informed approach into literacy instruction using a model that has been used in real-world classrooms during the COVID-19 pandemic. Educators can use trauma-informed pedagogy to develop a more inclusive environment while improving engagement in curriculum through literacy instruction.
Designing Problem Posing Mathematics Lessons for Remote Instruction
Authors: Kurz Terri L. , Bloom Skylar
Published: May 2022

When teaching elementary children remotely, it is imperative that they are provided with an opportunity to thoughtfully evaluate mathematical concepts. Learning must go beyond rote memorization and the recalling of information. Rather, there needs to be a focus on discovery of connections and concepts. The focus of this chapter is guiding students to discover features of shapes using tools and technology through remote instruction with an emphasis on problem posing. Activities are provided to help intermediate elementary students explore the impact that doubling or tripling dimensions has on perimeter and area for two-dimensional shapes and surface area and volume for three-dimensional shapes. Activities that increase in difficulty as well as extensions are provided to differentiate instruction. Lessons are designed to use technology to promote discovery of mathematical relationships using technology. Strategies for remote lesson plan design in mathematics are provided.
Putting Industry Into WIL Teaching Praxis
Authors: Naqvi Jeff
Published: May 2022

A 2008 review identified the need for Australia to get more citizens into higher education. With this increase in participation, the student cohort began to diversify. Qualitative research showed that final-year students experienced anxiety and a lack of confidence towards their impending transition into professional practice. The WIL course in this case study encouraged students to view career management proactively, as more than generating professional sustenance, but to connect to individual values and working preferences. Students reported that the WIL course helped them gain confidence in their existing skillsets to approach the market. There is an evidence base that as graduates the ‘lifelong' career management benefits of the course continue to be valued. Considerations for WIL praxis include earlier adoption of work-based learning, leverage internal stakeholders to understand the student cohort, and educating academics on assessment design to enhance students' opportunity to learn.
Learning by Working
Authors: Līce Anita
Published: May 2022

Work placements can provide good opportunities for students to obtain meaningful learning and work experience. In Latvia, the quality of work placements varies and can lead to both excellent and dubious experience. The chapter aims at investigating how work placements can contribute to student development and how to organize work placements of high quality by exploring examples of good practice of organizing work placements in the companies in Latvia. The results indicate that the most important factor to ensure quality work placements is the interest and motivation of the companies which stems from their need for qualified workers, strategic goals, and sustainable working practices. Quality work placements include the following elements: selection of trainees, discussing the goals of and the program of work placement, assigning the supervisor, preparation for and implementation of work placement, as well as the evaluation. The chapter provides various examples and suggestions on how to improve the learning experience during work placements considering constructionism learning ideas.
Concept of Automated Support to Problem
Authors: Vlasov Andrey Igorevich , Juravleva Ludmila Vasilievna , Shakhnov Vadim Anatolievich
Published: May 2022

The chapter deals with the concept of training for technicians, able to adjust to ongoing changes in the manufacturing environment. It is proposed to apply the systematic approach with a targeted use of collected methods and acmeological planning in a learning process when extra time is found owing to interdisciplinary integration and increased self-learning. Such planning is done with crosscutting design and problem-modular training with cross-rated instruction materials and learning outcomes. Education information systems are recommended as tools (like those based on modular object-oriented dynamic learning environment according to shareable content object reference model standard) together with automated information systems for self-learning, business and role plays with methods to rate career guidance and multimedia aids as learning tools.
Key Processes for the Performance of Work-Integrated Learning in HE
Authors: Nuninger Walter , Châtelet Jean-Marie
Published: May 2022

In a changing business market due to state regulation, funding reductions, and generation evolution, HE providers target a high level of operational learning performance. Work Integrated Learning is a framework that complies with European Standards and Guidelines, leading to increased competences of the citizen all through life and career. But the consistency of the training offer with shareholders' projects is only ensured if a learning organization rigorously monitors the 5-step road map: an improvement cycle that nonetheless allows local adaptation when carrying out the training in the scope of Quality Assurance. Today, more than ever, the issue for excellence (sustainability, efficiency, welfare at work) requires the Pole of Expertise animation, which means training tutors (TIL). The winning-foursome is the new lever for innovation. The tremendous digital integration at all levels of the organization opens new dimensions to executive dashboards to support the change of paradigm between trainees and trainers, then questions training lifetime and leading model for transfer.
Student Reflections and Self-Assessments in Vocational Training Supported by a Mobile Learning Hub
Authors: Amhag Lisbeth
Published: May 2022

The aim of this study is to contribute knowledge about what characterizes students' capabilities to reflect on and self-assess their professional development during four school based vocational training courses in distance higher education. What abilities and challenges appear in their written reflections and self-assessments with critical incidents about a situation, incident, or issue in their log journals, as well as in their discussions online. face-to-face (F2F), supported by a mobile learning hub (MLH) with both mobile and blended activities? Theoretically, the study is based on five major levels of reflection: reporting, responding, relating, reasoning and reconstructing. The results from a group of students' representative excerpts demonstrates the importance of letting student teachers have agency and mediate their subjective experiences during practical vocational training in progression, supported by mobile and blended tools, to understand and make sense of experience in relation to self, others, and contextual conditions for personal and professional learning.
The Rhetoric of Hands-On Practical Skills
Authors: Mtshali Thokozani Isaac , Ramaligela Sylvia Manto
Published: May 2022

Learning hands-on skills in Civil Technology ensures that learners are capacitated with skills that address socio-economic ills. However, most learners who have completed their studies in Civil Technology are still experiencing unemployment. The purpose of this chapter is to explore innovative teaching and learning techniques that Civil Technology teachers possess during hands-on practical lessons. This chapter used qualitative research approach using observation and interview data collection instruments. This chapter purposefully sampled nine teachers and 145 learners from Gauteng and Limpopo provinces of South Africa and used two frameworks, namely Roger's diffusion of innovativeness and 9E instructional model. The study found that teachers have various challenges in using innovative teaching and learning techniques such as digital technologies to enhance learners understanding of tools concepts. This chapter recommends training for teachers about how to execute hands-on lessons using 9E instructional model as a guide to innovative knowledge.
An Integrative Model of Hardware Product Development in Startup Contexts
Authors: Khan Khalid , Khan Faiza , Nguyen Quang Trung , Nguyen Duc Anh
Published: May 2022

Hardware startups are increasingly popular due to recent advancements in hardware technologies. Nowadays, hardware product development involves the process innovation not only at the hardware level but also at software components. The scarcity of knowledge on hardware startup product development motivates the authors to carry out an empirical investigation on five hardware startup companies. They found some common good practices among hardware startups (i.e., process definition, evolutionary development process, and document management). They reveal several factors that are different from software startups, such as low priority of product quality, product pipeline, and unrecognized product platform. They proposed an integrative process model of hardware product development that shows the connections between human factors in the startups, their speed-prioritized development processes, and the consequence of hindered productivity in the later phases. The model has some implications for hardware startup founders to plan for the trade-off between team, speed, quality, and later productivity.