bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diseño del sistema automatizado para la generación y gestión de documentos en la etapa precontractual de compras públicas para instituciones públicas en el Ecuador
Authors: De la Rosa-Martín Tonysé , León-González Jorge Luis
Published: January 2023

La presente investigación se centra en el Diseño de un sistema para la generación de documentos en la etapa preparatoria y precontractual de compras públicas para las instituciones públicas del Ecuador. Se realizó una investigación completa de las falencias en los procesos actuales que se manejan para las compras públicas, se determinó realizar distintos módulos para la generación de documentos, además de módulos de administración. Este sistema fue desarrollado en un ambiente web como lenguaje principal PHP, además se utilizaron dos frameworks: Laravel y Bootstrap, también se utilizará la librería de JQuery, como almacenamiento de los datos se utilizó el gestor de base de datos MariaDB.Este Sistemas se apoya en la metodología de desarrollo de Software RUP (Rational Unified Process), se utilizó el lenguaje unificado de modelado UML, estas son herramientas necesarias en el análisis y diseño de sistemas POO (Programación orientada a objetos). El sistema resuelve el problema de la gestión de las compras públicas para instituciones inscritas al gobierno en el Ecuador.

Palabras clave:

Compras, oferta pública, gobierno, institucionalidad.

 

ABSTRACT

The present investigation focuses on the Design of a system for the generation of documents in the pre-contractual and pre-contractual stage of public purchases for public institutions in Ecuador. A complete investigation of the shortcomings in the current processes that are managed for public purchases was carried out, it was determined to carry out different modules for the generation of documents, in addition to administration modules. This system was developed in a web environment as the main language PHP, in addition two frameworks were used: Laravel and Bootstrap, the JQuery library will also be used, as data storage the MariaDB database manager was used. This Systems is based on the RUP (Rational Unified Process) Software development methodology, the unified modeling language UML was used, these are necessary tools in the analysis and design of OOP (Object Oriented Programming) systems. The system solves the problem of managing public purchases for institutions registered with the government in Ecuador.

Keywords:

Purchases, public offering, government, institutionality.
Researcher and Academic Library Roles and User Beliefs in the Pandemic: Designing the Open-Access and Library Usage Scale (OALU)
Authors: DeZouche Elizabeth , Blackburn Angelique
Published: January 2023

We investigated whether individuals believe they have a right to information during a crisis, and whether attitudes about crisis-related information sharing differ by age and one’s role in providing or consuming information. We measured attitudes about aspects of data sharing related to COVID-19: researchers’ obligation to share data, publishers’ obligation to share information, and libraries’ responsibility to provide them. We predicted younger individuals, especially students as consumers of information, would report stronger preference for open access to pandemic-related information. A principal components analysis was performed, and two predicted factors emerged: information-sharing obligations and libraries’ responsibility to provide resources. Age was not significantly correlated with attitudes about libraries or information-sharing. Planned analyses comparing students, faculty, and community members unaffiliated with the university revealed no differences in their attitudes regarding library resources or information-sharing. A lack of age and university affiliation-related differences can be explained by universally strong attitudes in favor of both information-sharing and library resources, with a greater desire for information-sharing. Knowing that individuals demonstrate a strong preference for open access to information and that these attitudes do not differ between those who are providing (faculty), and consuming information (students/community) can contribute to funding for these resources. This research is innovative and timely, as attitudes about access when information is urgently and globally needed, as during a pandemic, is likely to differ from those observed under different circumstances.
Biofuels in the nexus energy-environment-food
Authors: Colonna Paul , Duplan Jean-Luc , Legrand Jack , Lenet Elisabeth , Boissonnet Guillaume , Lorne Daphné
Published: January 2023

The production of biofuels from biological resources has been the subject of much controversy. Their opportunity update deserves to be revisited for technological maturity and assess their relevance in response to current environmental concerns. Innovations in biotechnological and chemical processes allow a wide range of liquid and gaseous biofuels; their characteristics concern energy content, compatibility with fossil fuels and openness towards strictly chemical uses. The factors driving this technological market's evolution are the implementation of abundant public policies, the evolution of agronomic practices, the concern for carbon sequestration in soils, the expectations of the aeronautical sector with biokerosenes, and consumer behaviours. From field crops and forests, the mobilizable raw materials have been extended to microalgae, animal, households and plant wastes. Biofuels are then part of the territorial bio-economy and the circular economy. Value chains are more complex than those traditionally focused on biodiesel based on oilseeds and sucrose from beet, cane or starch from wheat or maize. The integration of economic actors and the scaling of markets have been the subject of foresight work at international and French levels. Environmental sustainability is generally proven, with reservations for some sources (soya, oil palm). Biofuels are part of a food-energy-environment nexus. Public policies, if based on the sustainability and social acceptability of biotechnology, will also guide the choices of economic interests alone. This article discusses the research and development work needed to make biofuels a sustainable part of energy policy.
Diversité et rôles des bactéries prédatrices de bactéries : zoom sur les Bdellovibrio et organismes apparentés (BALOs) / Diversity and roles of bacteria predators: focus on Bdellovibrio and related organisms (BALOs)
Authors: Ezzedine Jade A , Jacquet Stéphan
Published: January 2023

This review describes a unique functional bacterial group referred to as Bdellovibrio and like organisms (BALOs). These gram-negative bacteria are obligate predators of other bacteria, with, on one hand, different predation strategies, a remarkable predation spectrum to cope with any type of competitiveness, as well as a competent life cycle ensuring efficient multiplication. On the other hand, this group could fulfil a similar ecological role as bacteriophages concerning the control of bacterial populations. As potentially important natural bio agents, they are more and more considered as alternatives to antibiotics and are investigated for potential uses in medicine and biotechnologies. However, before relying on them to help and heal us, their role in complex and uncontrolled in vivo systems needs to be experimentally assessed, unlike classic broth medium in the laboratory. This review uncovers what lies behind this group and explores their place in natural systems as well as their applications to improve human and animal wellbeing against pathogens increasingly resistant to antibiotics.
Louis Pasteur à Lille : de la chimie à la microbiologie/Louis Pasteur in Lille : from chemistry to microbiology
Authors: Lecerf Jean-Michel
Published: January 2023

Louis Pasteur was the first dean of the Science Faculty of Lille from 1854 to 1857. While he carried out energetically his administrative and teaching duties, he continued his research on crystallization on the deviation of the plane of polarization by similar molecules. He took advantage of requests from regional industries, particularly about beet sugar, to study the origin of fermentation process. This was the starting point of his later works.
Au sujet de l’état de santé des écosystèmes / About the ecosystem health
Authors: Lévêque Christian
Published: January 2023

The concept of ecosystem health, often associated with that of integrity, is a metaphor that inaccurately, but evocatively, compares the functioning of ecosystems to that of an organism. Although much criticized, this concept, which has no precise definition in scientific ecology, is still used in environmentalist discourse. It contributes to the erroneous perpetuation of a normative vision among the public according to which there are healthy systems that function "normally" when they are not degraded by human activities. This metaphor is part of the history of ecology, which has favored the mechanistic concept of a nature in balance, which dysfunctions when disturbed. However, ecosystems are constantly changing so that there is no standard reference system.
Is biological interaction about to supplant the notion of organism?
Authors: Selosse Marc-André
Published: January 2023

Two revolutions have emerged in biology at the beginning of the twenty-first century: microbes are everywhere, and, beyond diseases or decomposition, they weave vital relationships with mutual benefits with larger organisms. All the functions of plants and animals are affected by the microbiota that they contain and which influence their nutrition, health but also development (together with, in the case of animals, behavior). This text is a general presentation of the physical and functional presence of microbiota, and how it is acquired. It discusses the notion of the individual and organism, facing the emergence of the holobiont, and also the strength of interactions and networks of interactions in ecosystems.
La rigueur terminologique pour les concepts de la chimie : une base pour des choix de société rationnels / Terminological rigor for chemistry concepts: a basis for rational societal choices
Authors: This vo Kientza Hervé
Published: January 2023

Food-related decisions that engage communities are often based on chemical concepts. Therefore, the utmost terminological rigour is required. This article considers frequent examples of confusion, and concludes with a call for the introduction of chemistry lessons as early as primary school.
Vers un état de référence en écologie, l’intégrité des écosystèmes / Towards a reference state in ecology, ecosystem integrity
Authors: Couvet Denis
Published: January 2023

We examine how ecological sciences have completed the idea of ecosystem balance with notions of steady-state regime, tipping-points and ecosystem transformation. In this context, it is possible to propose a notion of ecosystem integrity that includes diversity of the compositions, structures and functions of the ecosystem, and as such could be considered as a reference state. These three diversities must allow ecosystems to cope with disturbances, adapt to environmental changes, and consequently allow the maintenance of human activities that depend on the functioning of ecosystems, their predictability. Finally, we explore how such reference state diversities is relevant depending on the degree of anthropization, in 'natural', agricultural and urban ecosystems, or in the context of ‘One-Health’.
Commentaire : A propos de l'article intitulé « Quelle recherche agronomique pour une agriculture durable ? »
Authors: Gallais André , Dattée Yvette , Le Buanec Bernard , Lespinasse Yves
Published: January 2023

N3AF, Commentaire : A propos de l'article intitulé « Quelle recherche agronomique pour une agriculture durable ? », 2021, 12(4), 1-3
Hormones et perturbateurs endocriniens : quelles similitudes ? Quelles différences ? / Hormones and endocrine disruptors: what similarities? What are the differences?
Authors: Combarnous Yves
Published: January 2023

Endocrine disruptor compounds (EDC) are synthetic or natural compounds in the environment promoting unwanted modifications of endocrine homeostasis (regulated by endogeneous hormones) in human and/or in animals. In the present note, we describe similarities and differences between hormones and EDCs’ mechanisms of action, in order to decipher more precisely the structural and biological characteristics of the latters and to better appreciate their risks, and not only their hazards.
L'analyse critique des manuscrits et les conseils d'amélioration donnés aux auteurs. A propos des publications : Klebel et al., 2020, Stern and O'Shea, 2019; Sarabipour et al., 2019; Inrae, 2016 / Critical analysis of manuscripts and advice for improvement given to authors. About the publications: Klebel et al, 2020, Stern and O'Shea, 2019; Sarabipour et al, 2019; Inrae, 2016.
Authors: This vo Kientza Hervé
Published: January 2023

The development of digital systems of information and the increase of the number of manuscripts submitted to scientific journals have been triggering major changes in scientific publishing, in particular about what is called ''peer review''. In this article, the circumstances that generated the old organisation of scientific publishing are recalled, the individual and collective interests of various features of the system are analyzed, and the principles that can lead to a modernization of the publication process are discussed. Changes in terminology, as well as of editorial practices, are proposed.
Retour sur la définition d’un OGM en amélioration des plantes. Points de vue génétique et réglementaire / Review of the definition of a GMO in plant breeding. Genetic and regulatory points of view
Authors: Gallais André
Published: January 2023

At the beginning of the terminology GMO, GMO or Genetically Modified Organism means organism derived by transgenesis. However, with the development of regulations for the marketing of GMO varieties, the meaning of GMOs has been broadened. According to the 2001/18 European Directive, a GMO is an organism whose genetic material has been modified in a manner that is not natural. The problem with this directive is to know among the tools used by the breeder which ones lead to non natural changes in genetic material. In addition, important genetic changes in the genome such as the juxtaposition of elementary genomes corresponding to the creation of new species and the doubling of the chromosome number are not considered as leading to GMOs. A new definition of a GMO plant is then proposed to cover these situations: it is a plant whose nuclear or cytoplasmic genes or genomes have been intentionally modified by human intervention. This definition covers all changes in gene DNA sequence and genome structure made by the breeder. At the regulatory level, remaining in the spirit of the 2001/18 directive, it would be sufficient to specify the techniques leading to GMOs that are exempted and those leading to GMOs under regulation. In other words, among all GMOs, there would be unregulated GMOs and regulated GMOs.
André Voisin dans le paysage de la recherche agronomique. La notion d’« années de misère » dans les années 1950 / André Voisin in the landscape of agricultural research. The notion of "years of misery" in the 1950s
Authors: Bouvier Charlène
Published: January 2023

This work questions André Voisin's place in the French agronomic research landscape in the 1950s through the controversy surrounding the notion of “années de misère”. To this end, André Voisin's work, mainly his lectures at the Académie d’agriculture de France, has been analysed and compared to the work of the main players in this controversy, namely René Dumont, Pierre Chazal and Jean Rebischung. This analysis borrows concepts from Science studies. This method, which makes it possible to think the elaboration of scientific knowledge as a historical process resulting from a collective activity, highlights the reasons for André Voisin's invisibility in France. The approach to agronomy advocated by André Voisin and the practical solutions he proposed to increase French fodder production did not meet the economic, political and social challenges of increasing agricultural production in the context of post-war food shortages.
Réponse des auteurs au Commentaire de Gallais et al. (N3AF, 2021, 12(4), 1-3), 2021, 12(5), 1-3 / Answer from the authors to the Commentary by Gallais et al. (N3AF, 2021, 12(4), 1-3), 2021, 12(5), 1-3
Authors: Lemaire Gilles , Briat Jean-François , Dron Michel
Published: January 2023

Answer from the authors to the Commentary by Gallais et al. (N3AF, 2021, 12(4), 1-3), 2021, 12(5), 1-3
Impact of Anti-HER2 Therapy Alone and With Weekly Paclitaxel on the Ovarian Reserve of Young Women With HER2-Positive Breast Cancer
Authors: Lambertini Matteo , Ceppi Marcello , Anderson Richard A. , Cameron David A. , Bruzzone Marco , Franzoi Maria Alice , Massarotti Claudia , El-Abed Sarra , Wang Yingbo , Lecocq Christophe , Nuciforo Paolo , Rolyance Rebecca , Pusztai Lajos , Sohn Joohyuk , Latocca Maria Maddalena , Arecco Luca , Pistilli Barbara , Ruddy Kathryn J. , Ballestrero Alberto , Del Mastro Lucia , Peccatori Fedro A. , Partridge Ann H. , Saura Cristina , Untch Michael , Piccart Martine , Di Cosimo Serena , de Azambuja Evandro , Demeestere Isabelle
Published: January 2023

Background: The potential gonadotoxicity of anti-HER2 agents remains largely unknown, and limited, conflicting evidence exists for taxanes. Antimüllerian hormone (AMH) is an established biomarker of ovarian reserve that may aid in quantifying anticancer treatment–induced gonadotoxicity. Patients and Methods: The present biomarker analysis of the randomized phase III neoadjuvant NeoALTTO trial included premenopausal women aged ≤45 years at diagnosis of HER2-positive early breast cancer with available frozen serum samples at baseline (ie, before anticancer treatments), at week 2 (ie, the “biological window” of anti-HER2 therapy alone), and/or at the time of surgery (ie, after completing paclitaxel + anti-HER2 therapy, before starting adjuvant chemotherapy). Results: The present analysis included 130 patients with a median age of 38 years (interquartile ratio [IQR], age 33–42 years). AMH values at the 3 time points differed significantly (P<.001). At baseline, median AMH levels were 1.29 ng/mL (IQR, 0.56–2.62 ng/mL). At week 2, a small but significant reduction in AMH levels was observed (median, 1.10 ng/mL; IQR, 0.45–2.09 ng/mL; P<.001). At surgery, a larger significant decline in AMH levels was observed (median, 0.01 ng/mL; IQR, 0.01–0.03 ng/mL; P<.001). Although the type of anti-HER2 treatment (trastuzumab and/or lapatinib) did not seem to impact the results, age and pretreatment ovarian reserve had a major influence on treatment-induced gonadotoxicity risk. Conclusions: This NeoALTTO biomarker analysis showed that anti-HER2 therapies alone had limited gonadotoxicity but that the addition of weekly paclitaxel resulted in marked AMH decline with possible negative implications for subsequent ovarian function and fertility.
Indicators of Clinical Trajectory in Patients With Cancer Who Receive Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
Authors: Chawla Sanjay , Gutierrez Cristina , Rajendram Prabalini , Seier Kenneth , Tan Kay See , Stoudt Kara , Von-Maszewski Marian , Morales-Estrella Jorge L. , Kostelecky Natalie T. , Voigt Louis P.
Published: January 2023

Background: Patients with cancer who require cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) historically have had low survival to hospital discharge; however, overall CPR outcomes and cancer survival have improved. Identifying patients with cancer who are unlikely to survive CPR could guide and improve end-of-life discussions prior to cardiac arrest. Methods: Demographics, clinical variables, and outcomes including immediate and hospital survival for patients with cancer aged ≥18 years who required in-hospital CPR from 2012 to 2015 were collected. Indicators capturing the overall declining clinical and oncologic trajectory (ie, no further therapeutic options for cancer, recommendation for hospice, or recommendation for do not resuscitate) prior to CPR were determined a priori and manually identified. Results: Of 854 patients with cancer who underwent CPR, the median age was 63 years and 43.6% were female; solid cancers accounted for 60.6% of diagnoses. A recursive partitioning model selected having any indicator of declining trajectory as the most predictive factor in hospital outcome. Of our study group, 249 (29%) patients were found to have at least one indicator identified prior to CPR and only 5 survived to discharge. Patients with an indicator were more likely to die in the hospital and none were alive at 6 months after discharge. These patients were younger (median age, 59 vs 64 years; P≤.001), had a higher incidence of metastatic disease (83.0% vs 62.9%; P<.001), and were more likely to undergo CPR in the ICU (55.8% vs 36.5%; P<.001) compared with those without an indicator. Of patients without an indicator, 145 (25%) were discharged alive and half received some form of cancer intervention after CPR. Conclusions: Providers can use easily identifiable indicators to ascertain which patients with cancer are at risk for death despite CPR and are unlikely to survive to discharge. These findings can guide discussions regarding utility of resuscitation and the lack of further cancer interventions even if CPR is successful.
Forests Fanned by Waves: Embodied Ways of Knowing in a Mangrove Landscape
Authors: Kalyanasundaram Sandhiya
Published: January 2023

This narrative article explores a boatman's intimate relationship with the mangrove forests he had grown up with from his childhood. The author listens to the boatman's stories about his life when he is in his sixties. How he assessed the author also implied what part of his world the author would be invited to see. This is a narrative of warmth and friendship built through traversing the mangrove forest in a handmade raft, watching birdlife, lotuses and other mangrove species. The narrative captures the ecosophy of this boatman in his lived and embodied experience.
Gabrielle Wittkop y Juan Rodolfo Wilcock: decreación y recreación literaria de imágenes
Authors: Parra-Bañón José Joaquín
Published: January 2023

Escribir literariamente también puede ser una forma de practicar la iconoclasia. Hubo y hay en esta época visual escritoras y escritores, creadores verbales de imágenes, productores de representaciones y de simulacros, que son quirúrgica y terapéuticamente iconoclastas. Gabrielle Wittkop y Juan Rodolfo Wilcock son dos de los contemporáneos que con su obra han puesto en evidencia algunos de los métodos más útiles para ejercerla. Estrategias no de destrucción formal ni de negación ideológica, sino procesos de construcción basados en la decreación (como disolución de la forma) y la recreación (como resultado de un proyecto) de obras artísticas. Mediante la autopsia de cuatro obras marginales, de La sinagoga de los iconoclastas, El libro de los monstruos, El necrófilo y Cada día es un árbol que cae, en “Gabrielle Wittkop y Juan Rodolfo Wilcock: decreación y recreación literaria de imágenes” se postula que la literatura que se ha interesado por el arte, que lo ha integrado en ella, no como digresión o como asunto sujeto al análisis, sino como materia prima, ha sido iconoclasta.
De obras que se autodestruyen, de aporías estéticas y de intentos variados de despistar. Una interpretación de la obra de Banksy
Authors: Murcia Serrano Inmaculada
Published: January 2023

En una subasta de Sotheby´s del año 2018, una versión en óleo de la obra del artista callejero anónimo que firma con el nombre de Banksy se autotrituró parcialmente en el momento en el que era pujada al mejor postor. En el acto propiciado por Banksy a se ponían en juego asuntos teóricos de gran calado. Por un lado, el aprovechamiento del tópico teórico de la agencia material, en este caso, encarnada en un objeto artístico que “cobró vida” en el momento de la subasta; en segundo lugar, el acto en sí de la autodestrucción de la obra, que entronca, aunque particularizándolo, con los numerosos gestos iconoclastas que durante siglos han estado asociados con el contexto del arte; en tercer lugar, la importancia del fin perseguido por Banksy con esta acción, un fin no exento de aporías, contradicciones y fascinantes paradojas que terminan en la interesante reflexión en torno a la institucionalización y la  comercialización de las obras de arte. Todos ellos entroncan con el espíritu con el que nació el arte conceptual.
Imágenes, acción y poder. La pregunta por las formas de agencia de la imagen
Authors: García Varas Ana , Martínez Luna Sergio
Published: January 2023

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Precios y valores: nuevas miradas sobre el problema del costo de vida en América Latina durante el siglo xx
Authors: Elena Eduardo
Published: January 2023

Objective/Context: This work considers how historians have investigated the problem of the cost of living in twentieth-century Latin America. Their investigations have collectively expanded our sense of how social groups in different historical moments have imagined, calculated, and coped with the cost of living. Methodology: The article draws on a wide corpus of research from fields such as economic and labor history, as well as the study of the welfare state, nationalist movements, gender relations, consumption, and poverty. It incorporates findings from various case studies, including the author’s research on the First Peronism (1943-1955) in Argentina. Originality: The text identifies and explores three major tendencies in recent work on the cost of living in Latin America: the creation of new forms of social scientific expertise and knowledge about quotidian economic life; the political contests among a wide range of actors over living standards, inflation, and related concerns; and the impact of mass consumption on cost-of-living struggles and conceptions of social wellbeing. Conclusions: The article situates the studies in this dossier within a wider historiographical context while also pointing to future avenues of inquiry and cost of living issues that merit closer attention.
Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Perempuan Melakukan Pemeriksaan Dini Kanker Serviks : A Scoping Review
Authors: Khairunnisa Prila , Ronoatmodjo Sudarto , Prasetyo Sabarinah
Published: January 2023

Berdasarkan laporan dari The Global Cancer Observatory (GLOBOCAN) 2020, kasus terbaru kanker serviks di Indonesia sebanyak 36.633 jiwa (17,2%) menempati posisi kedua setelah kanker payudara dan menempati posisi ketiga penyebab kematian akibat kanker. Secara nasional hanya sebanyak 8,3% perempuan usia 30-50 tahun yang melakukan pemeriksaan dini kanker serviks melalui metode Inspeksi Visual Asam Asetat (IVA test) dan kanker payudara dengan Periksa Payudara Sendiri (SADARI). Tujuan dari artikel ini adalah untuk mengkaji dan menemukan bukti berdasarkan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pencegahan dini kanker serviks pada perempuan di Indonesia. Scoping Review digunakan untuk menafsirkan hasil sesuai dengan evidence based dengan menerapkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi, kemudian menggali dan menganalisis data serta memaparkan hasil dari review artikel. Dari beberapa databased yang digunakan pada penelitian ini seperti Science Direct (42) dan PubMed (68) diperoleh 2 tema yaitu skrining kanker serviks, hambatan dalam skrining dan vaksinasi HPV. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini terdapat hambatan dalam pemeriksaan dini kanker serviks dengan metode IVA test, Pap Smear dan pencegahan dini kanker serviks dengan vaksinasi HPV yang diantaranya disebabkan oleh kurangnya pengetahuan, dukungan suami serta khawatir akan efek samping dan biaya yang tinggi.
Prevalensi dan Faktor-faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Simtom Depresi pada Penduduk di Indonesia (Analisis Data IFLS5 Tahun 2014-2015
Authors: Simanjuntak Tri Damayanti , Noveyani Adistha Eka , Kinanthi Citra Anggun
Published: January 2023

Berdasarkan data WHO, secara global prevalensi jumlah orang yang hidup dengan depresi diperkirakan mengalami peningkatan sebesar 18,4% antara tahun 2005 dan 2015.  Depresi merupakan fenomena yang kompleks, karena diduga beberapa simtom depresi memiliki faktor risiko yang berbeda. Beberapa penelitian sebelumnya tentang depresi fokus pada kelompok tertentu, misalnya lansia, pelajar, maupun ibu setelah melahirkan yang dilakukan pada cakupan wilayah yang cukup kecil. Penelitian ini bertujuan meneliti prevalensi dan faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan simtom depresi di Indonesia. Desain penelitian ini adalah cross-sectional dan menggunakan data sekunder, yaitu survei nasional Indonesia Family Life Survey ke-5 (IFLS5). Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah teknik stratified random sampling dimana ditemukan sebanyak 27.622 orang yang memenuhi kriterian inklusi dan eksklusi. Penelitian ini menunjukkan prevalensi simtom depresi pada populasi Indonesia pada tahun 2014 - 2015 adalah 23,14%.  Dari analisis multivariat dengan cox regression ditemukan bahwa kelompok usia 18-25 (PR=1,64, 95% CI 1,52-1,77), perempuan (PR=1,39, 95% CI 1,29-1,49), berpisah/cerai (PR=1,31, 95% CI 1,20-1,42), merokok (PR=1,28, 95% CI 1,19-1,38), aktivitas berat (PR=1,61, 95% CI 1,52-1,71), hipertensi (PR=1,32, 95% CI 1,24 - 1,41), dan kanker (PR=1,31, 95% CI 1,53-1,63) berhubungan dengan simtom depresi. Studi ini menunjukkan bahwa risiko depresi dapat diturunkan dengan mengendalikan faktor risiko, seperti untuk tidak merokok, aktivitas fisik disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan, cegah hipertensi, dan cegah kanker. Dimasa mendatang diperlukan penelitian lebih lanjut terkait faktor sosial dengan depresi dengan desain studi yang lebih baik untuk menunjukkan hubungan kausalitas.
Literature Review: Stunting Saat Balita sebagai Salah Satu Faktor Risiko Penyakit Tidak Menular di Masa Depan
Authors: Kurniati Henny , Djuwita Ratna , Istiqfani Maulidya
Published: January 2023

Seseorang yang mengalami stunting saat balita cenderung memiliki tubuh yang lebih pendek dan memiliki risiko efek jangka panjang, yaitu menderita penyakit kronis yang berkaitan dengan gizi, rentan terhadap penumpukkan lemak tubuh, serta berisiko menderita diabetes melitus karena resistensi insulin dan beberapa penyakit tidak menular seperti hipertensi dan stroke. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menelaah secara ilmiah efek stunting yang terjadi pada seseorang saat balita terhadap penyakit tidak menular saat dewasa. Penelitian ini merupakan literature review dengan metode PICO (population, intervention, comparators and outcome). Database elektronik yang digunakan adalah Embase, Proquest dan lib.ui didapatkan sebanyak lima artikel dan satu tugas akhir (tesis) setelah melalui tahapan eksklusi berdasarkan kriteria yang telah ditetapkan. Usia anak yang dijadikan sampel dalam setiap studi berkisar dua sampai lima tahun. Hasil telaah ilmiah dari lima artikel dan satu tugas akhir yang sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi, menunjukkan bahwa seseorang yang mengalami stunting saat balita memiliki risiko kegemukan atau obesitas. Adanya fase catch up growth untuk mengejar ketertinggalan pertumbuhan dan resistensi insulin sehingga rentan terhadap penumpukkan lemak tubuh. Stunting yang dialami seseorang pada saat balita dapat menjadi salah satu faktor seseorang menderita penyakit kronis yang berkaitan dengan gizi dan penyakit tidak menular lainnya karena adanya peningkatan adipositas dan penumpukkan lemak tubuh. Perlu dilakukan telaah lebih mendalam pada penelitian selanjutnya terkait efek genetik dan perubahan hormon pada masa remaja karena pada masa ini seseorang mengalami fase pubertas dan dapat mempengaruhi risiko obesitas dan hipertensi di masa dewasa.
Água e bacias hidrográficas: planejamento, gestão e manejo para enfrentamento das crises hídricas
Authors: Piroli Edson Luís
Published: January 2023

Ao longo da evolução do planeta, a água foi a principal responsável pela formação das bacias hidrográficas. Nas últimas décadas, a ocupação dessas bacias sem planejamento, gestão e manejo adequados provocou mudanças no ciclo e nos caminhos das águas, rompendo o equilíbrio dessas áreas. Solos ressecados e menos produtivos, erosões, assoreamentos, inundações, ilhas de calor, mudanças climáticas, doenças de origem hídrica, incêndios em áreas naturais e de produção agropecuária e crises hídricas são algumas das consequências da ocupação desordenada das bacias hidrográficas. Este livro aborda as temáticas da crise e da segurança hídrica, demostrando suas causas, consequências e alternativas para a reversão desses processos ou, pelo menos, para o enfrentamento dessas problemáticas, com redução de danos e melhor convivência das pessoas com a realidade atual, de profundas transformações nas bacias hidrográficas e na disponibilidade hídrica.
Prescription Pattern and Cost Analysis of Nutraceuticals among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Mohammed Ansaf Hassan , Kellarai Adithi , Mateti Uday Venkat , Rawal Kala Bahadur , Raju Barma Naga , Shetty Shraddha , Moorthy Jagadeesan
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a disorder related to the relative lack of insulin secretion leading to abnormal metabolism. In addition to insulin, various micronutrients takes part in the metabolic processes. The imbalance between these vital micronutrients might be one reason for the progression of chronic diseases. There is a need to understand the utilisation pattern of these nutraceuticals in treating chronic conditions like DM. Aim: To study the prescribing patterns of various types of nutraceuticals and the cost of nutraceuticals per prescription in T2DM patients. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary care teaching hospital of Dakshin Karnataka, India, from September 2021 to April 2022. Total 150 T2DM patients, who were prescribed atleast one nutraceutical, were included in the study. Collected data was assessed by descriptive analysis (quantitative data; age, height, weight, Body Mass Index (BMI), number of drug prescribed, number of prescriptions, cost of nutraceuticals) whereas qualitative data (gender, social classes, qualification, occupation, domiciliary status, marital status, duration of diseases, family history, social history, personal history) was documented using frequency/ percentage. Results: Out of total 150 subjects, 92 (61.33%) were males, and 58 (38.67%) were females. At the same time, the mean age of the patients was found to be 58.1 years. Among all the prescribed nutraceuticals, vitamins were found to be the most frequently prescribed 97 (64.66%), followed by proteins 45 (30%) and vitamins+minerals 42 (28%). The average number of nutraceuticals per prescription was 1.57±0.76. The average cost of nutraceuticals was 440.55 (Indian rupee) INR per prescription. Conclusion: The most commonly prescribed nutraceuticals were vitamins in 97 (64.66%) patients. The average additional cost for the nutraceuticals was found to be 440.55 INR.
Artificial Neural Network as a Predictive Tool for Gender Determination using Volumetric and Linear Measurements of Maxillary Sinus CBCT: An Observational Study on South Indian Population
Authors: Dhandapany Priyadharshini , Reddy RC Jagat , Vandana S , Baliah John , Sivasankari T
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Determination of age and gender using bones of skull is central aspect of forensic odontology. Maxillary sinuses in this regard have shown high accuracy in predicting gender. Aim: To identify gender using the volumetric and linear measurements of maxillary sinuses obtained from a Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) by using Artificial Neural Network (ANN) based tool. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 80 volumes of CBCT (derived from n=80 patients) with equal gender distribution. The CBCT images were analysed for eight linear and two volumetric measurements namely the maxillary sinus height, maxillary sinus length, maxillary sinus width, distance between infraorbital foramen and distance between maxillary sinus. The data from these parameters were reported by two experts and subjected to discriminant analysis and McNemars test for gender determination. The same data was also fed to the ANN software and the accuracy of its gender prediction was analysed by Receiver Operating Characteristics Curve (ROC) and Area Under the Curve (AUC). Results: The ROC test and AUC (ANN –test) had shown high accuracy for prediction of gender form the data of the CBCT parameters for maxillary sinuses. McNemars test showed that the difference in proportion between the actual gender and ANN predicted gender was not significant (p-value=0.687) and the agreement between the actual gender and ANN in measuring the gender was 84.6%. The male sex was predicted correctly upto 89.7% and female sex upto 94.9%. Conclusion: This study has found ANN to have an encouraging predictive power in gender determination based on linear and volumetric measurements of maxillary sinus obtained from CBCT
Diffusion Tensor MRI of Brain in Healthy Adult Population: Normative Fractional Anisotropy Values at 3 Tesla MRI
Authors: Mehta Deepak Kumar V , Sharma Dolly A
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) technique and its clinical application are increasing in clinical routine practice, still very less normative data is available. Awareness regarding regional differences in Fractional Anisotropy (FA) measurements is very important when routinely DTI is used in clinical Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Aim: To determine the normative FA values data at 3 Tesla (3T) MRI and to determine the degradation of FA values in various regions of brain values with age. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study involved a total of 52 participants without any abnormal findings ( presence of tumour, stroke, infarct, degeneration, etc) and whose brain scanning was performed at 3T MRI, in the Department of Radiodiagnosis, Shree Krishna Hospital, and Pramukhswami Medical College, Karamsad, Anand, Gujarat, India. A DTI protocol was set for the healthy patient’s brain scanning. The colour-coded DTI brain images were postprocessed carefully to draw a circular Region of Interest (ROI) in the required areas of white matter and FA values were noted. Descriptive statistics were used to find out the normative data in 11 regions of the brain on right and left side. Pearson correlation was used to check the correlation of FA values with age. Results: There were 52 patients in the present study, with a male to female ratio of 1.7:1 and a mean age of 52 years. The highest FA values were observed in the splenium (0.809), genu (0.767), the body of the corpus callosum (0.627), and the posterior limb of the internal capsule (0.721), rest areas showed moderate to low FA values. Pearson correlation was used to find the variation in the FA values with age in three age groups 18-40, 41-60 and >60 years, where moderate changes in FA values with age were seen in a few regions of the brain such as genu (right side) with p-value=0.003 and foramen magnum at CVJ level (right side) with a p-value of 0.001. Conclusion: Generally, FA values intend to change with the presence of multiple tract areas, field strength, coil sensitivity, and partial volume averaging. FA values were also found to be affected with respect to increasing age.
Undiagnosed Case of Ventricular Septal Syndrome with Eisenmenger Syndrome and Epistaxis Presentation
Authors: Pankhaniya Rajesh Naranbhai , Tandon Rahul , Trivedi Bhadra , Anant Megha
Published: January 2023

Eisenmenger syndrome is a rare irreversible cardiac condition as a consequence of increased Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH). This causes a reversal of flow and cyanosis. This pulmonary arterial condition developed because of unrestricted pulmonary flow. It is seen mostly in unrepaired acyanotic congenital cardiac defects with an initial left to right shunt. The common conditions are large Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD), Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA), Atrioventricular Septal Defect (AVSD), and atrial septal defect. The patient presented with cyanosis and worsening exertional dyspnoea due to the reversal of the shunt. It can be prevented with early diagnosis and by successfully repairing the defect. The mode of diagnosis is a good physical examination and two-dimensional (2D) echocardiography. This case report is about an 11-year-old female patient who presented with a complaint of exertional dyspnoea for five years. She had very low oxygen saturation on room air when presented in the paediatric Outpatient Department (OPD). She went for 2D echocardiography as her physical examination and laboratory investigation were not supporting any diagnosis. Her echocardiography (echo) showed large sub-aortic VSD with Eisenmenger complex and prescribed tablet Sildenafil. On the next day of admission, her dyspnoea improved, and maintained saturation without oxygen of 96-97%. She was successfully discharged and called for regular follow-up.
Comparison of Analgesic Efficacy of Nalbuphine and Fentanyl as Adjuvants to Intrathecal Hyperbaric Bupivacaine in Patients undergoing Lower Limb Orthopaedic Surgeries: Randomised Clinical Trial
Authors: Katti Vijay V , Swathi NR , Holyachi Renuka
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Postoperative pain management poses a major challenge in patients who undergo lower limb orthopaedic surgeries. Methods that reduce the requirements of systemic analgesics and have minimal adverse effects on haemodynamic stability are the need of the hour. Nalbuphine, a kappa agonist/ partial μ antagonist can be utilised in spinal anaesthesia as an auxiliary to local anaesthetic. Aim: To evaluate the efficiency of intrathecal hyperbaric bupivacaine versus nalbuphine plus fentanyl as adjuvants in patients undergoing lower limb orthopaedic surgeries. Materials and Methods: This prospective randomised clinical trial comprised 70 American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) grade I and II patients aged between 18 to 60 years who had been posted for elective lower limb orthopaedic operations. Patients were randomly assigned to either Group NB (intrathecal bupivacaine with nalbuphine) or Group FB (Intrathecal bupivacaine with fentanyl). Onset and duration of sensory and motor block, haemodynamic alterations, side-effects, and requirement for systemic analgesics in the postoperative period were examined. Results: There was no statistically significant difference in beginning of sensory and motor blockage between the two groups. In comparison to group FB, group NB’s sensory blockade lasted substantially longer (126.06±6.52 minutes vs. 103.34±3.7 minutes; p-value<0.001). In group NB, the length of the motor block was considerably longer (p-value<0.001). When compared to patients in group FB (230.83±7.98 minutes), patients in group NB experienced analgesia for a mean time of 278.31±9.58 minutes, which was noticeably longer. There was no discernible difference between group NB and group FB (p-value>0.05) in terms of symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, bradycardia, and hypotension throughout the intraoperative period. Conclusion: In patients scheduled for elective lower limb orthopaedic procedures, intrathecal nalbuphine 1 mg as an adjuvant to 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine for subarachnoid block extend the duration of sensory block, motor block, and the postoperative analgesia more successfully than intrathecal fentanyl 25 μg.
Artificial Neural Network Model and Its Application in Signal Processing
Authors: Pan Xianlu , Wang Ying , Qi Yu
Published: January 2023

The human brain is a powerful image and pattern recognition processor, and its basic processing element is neurons. Synapses are weighted interconnections between neurons, allowing learning and communication between neurons. Artificial neural network (ANN) is an information processing system established by simulating the structure and logical thinking mode of human brain. The uniqueness of ANN is that it is nonlinear and trained to complete processing tasks in a way similar to human brain learning. It is particularly suitable for processing signals sent by various sensors, signals sent by communication devices, and other signals that are difficult to identify. This paper introduces the origin, types and research progress of neural networks, and summarizes the application research progress of neural networks in the field of signal processing. This paper introduces the origin, types and research progress of ANN, and summarizes the application research progress of ANN in the field of signal processing.
Soil Acidity and its Distribution in Laterite Soils of Northern Kerala: A Descriptive Analysis
Authors: Sreelakshmi M. M. , Aparna B. , B. Rani
Published: January 2023

Soil acidity is one of the major constraints of crop production in tropical soils. A study was conducted to examine different forms of soil acidity, contribution of each fraction to total acidity  and distribution of exchangeable Al+3, exchangeable H+ detrital laterite rice wetlands of Kerala. Among the series, the Kalikkadavu series reported the highest exchangeable acidity with a mean of 1.66 ± 0.23 meq/100g at a depth of 0-15 cm. Soils from Angadipuram series showed high values for exchangeable hydrogen with a mean of 0.71 ± 0.87 meq/100g and a range of 0.2- 3 meq/100g. Kalikkadavu series reported a high value for exchangeable hydrogen with a mean value of 1.29 ± 0.23 meq/100 g. Regarding potential acidity, Nanminda series reported the highest with a mean value of 40.2 meq/100g. Descriptive statistics of pH dependent acidity data revealed highest acidity for Nanminda series in surface layer with a mean value of 39.27 ± 1.77 meq/100g while in subsurface soils, Arathil series has reported the highest with a mean value of 32.21 ± 3.28 meq/100g. From the paired t-test analysis, significant variations of potential acidity and pH-dependent acidity were observed across surface and subsurface while exchangeable acidity, exchangeable Al+3, exchangeable H+ have shown non-significant variation.Hence, we recommend a proper soil management system that lowers the surface and subsoil acidity in low-pH soil. Again, for best effects in terms of biomass production and economic crop yields, amelioration of soil acidity should be followed by optimum plant nutrient inputs.
Effect of Organic and Liquid Manures on Yield, Yield Attributes and Economic of Urdbean
Authors: Ram Verma Singh , Yadav S. S. , Hritik Srivastava , Umesh Singh Kumar , Yashvant Singh , Shivendra Mishra Kumar
Published: January 2023

A field experiment was carried out in 2020 kharif season, on loamy sand soil at the S.K.N. College of Agriculture's Agronomy Farm in Jobner (Rajasthan). It included two foliar sprays of each of four liquid manures (control, 100% RDP panchgavya @ 5%, 100% RDP vermiwash @ 10%, and 100% RDP cow urine @ 5%), totaling sixteen treatment combinations. It included four treatments of organic manures (control, 100% RDP through FYM, through vermicompost, and through poultry manure) and two foliar sprays of each of four liquid manures. Three replications of the experiment were set up using a Randomized Block Design.  'Krishna' variety of urdbean was sown as on July 13, 2020, a test crop with a 30-cm row spacing. The results showed that two foliar sprays of 5% panchgavya were the most effective liquid manure treatment in raising the maximum seed production (942 kg/ha), straw yield (2,121 kg/ha), and biological yield (3,063 kg/ha) of urdbean. The highest levels of nitrogen, phosphorous, and potassium were found in seed and straw under this liquid manure treatment, which was comparable to two foliar sprays of 10% vermiwash. However, applying 100% RDP through FYM was the most lucrative strategy, for obtaining higher yield, net returns of '36,314/ha and a B:C ratio of 2.68. Foliar spraying with 5% panchgavya also generated an extra 36,798/ha in net returns over the control, which had the highest B:C ratio of 2.37.