bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of attitudes toward china in different types of Russian media reports.
Authors:   Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia, Shahety Ayibota
Published: December 2021

As a world power, Russia is China's largest neighbor and plays a special role in strengthening my country's international communication capabilities. Russia's reports related to China have both positive and negative content, but the viewing angle is more practical and objective. China's image is rarely distorted, belittled, and vilified by political bias and ideological divisions. The overall image of China and China in the international arena The role is positive. Media reports are mainly political and economic news, with a particular focus on information on political and economic and trade exchanges between China and Russia. What are the tendencies in the attitude of the Russian media towards China? How does society and theory view the situation in the trilateral relations between Russia, China and the United States? Are there any new trends in the perception of China's image by political elites and ordinary people? What has been causing concern about China in the Russian media lately? What direction are the media and think tanks showing on the burning issues of the Sino-Indian border conflict? These problems reflect Russians' perception of China's image, are related to the effectiveness of my country's "telling Chinese stories" and external communications, and also reflect the development of Sino-Russian relations and the level of my country's influence in the international arena.
Communication features in online and offline spaces.
Authors:   Yerevan State University, Department of Sociology, Yerevan, Armenia, Karapetyan Anrieta A.
Published: December 2021

No other media has become so popular in such a short period of time as online, which mainly serves for the purpose of communication. Online communications have the potential to fundamentally change the character of our social lives on all levels of social interactions. This article represents an attempt of discussing pros and cons of the online communication compared to the offline ones, and including functional as well as cultural components such as habits, usefulness, as well as specific cases affecting the gradual and immediate shift from the offline to the online communication (like COVID19 pandemic). Online communication spaces provide ample opportunities for selfrepresentation, convenience and compliance, easy connectivity from every place in the world, it is time-consuming and costly. It is widely used in all areas of everyday life. At the same time participants of online communication need nonverbal communication and those all-important social signals, which make communication more efficient. Despite the number of advantages, online communication still cannot completely replace the offline ones.
Formation of the political culture of Russian Germans: transformation, resettlement, rehabilitation. 1980–1990s.
Authors:   Institute of Russian History RAS. Moscow, Russia, Bugay Nikolay F.
Published: December 2021

The journal "Historical and Social-Educational Thought" initiated a discussion dedicated to the historical date  the 100th anniversary of the formation of the USSR. The proposed topic allows scientists to turn once again to the history of the existing Soviet state (USSR), created by the will of the peoples themselves in December 1922. Undoubtedly, the very fate of the peoples inhabiting its territory is connected with the history of the USSR. One of the notable features in the structure of state education was the community of Soviet Germans, who had to go through many transformations at different stages of the development of Soviet statehood. These processes were primarily associated with the formation of an ethnic community under Soviet conditions, the destructive impact of the state on its life during the 19411945 war, and the difficulties of economic revival. The time that followed was not calm either. This situation was due to the unsolvability of problems, the continuous search for opportunities to improve living conditions. Despite the difficulties of overcoming, the community remained characteristic of the strengthening of the positions of Soviet Germans in society, the formation of their political culture, the fostering of a culture of interethnic communication, and the solution of political tasks associated with the revival of Soviet Germans.
Syrian-Israeli Conflict: Route Not Traveled.
Authors:   Ural State Mining University. Ekaterinburg, Russia, Abramov Sergey M. , Akulov Sergey A. ,   Ural State Mining University. Ekaterinburg, Russia
Published: December 2021

The article says that in the second half of the twentieth century, the Golan Heights became an objective factor of contradictions in the Syrian-Israeli conflict. It is noted that the combination of the need to resolve the Arab-Israeli conflict and, at the same time, the territorial conflict with Syria created additional obstacles to ensuring security in the Middle East region; it does not work without diplomatic agreements with Syria. It is important to understand that from the very beginning of the negotiation process, Syria, whose position was characterized by extreme bias, believed that the Golan Heights was an end in itself, to which its interests were locked, while Israel focuses on diplomacy, focusing its attention on finding adequate means settlement of the SyrianIsraeli conflict, and not just on goals. It is especially obvious that the paradigm of conflict settlement on the basis of the principle of “territory for peace” adopted in the negotiation process became repetitive (frozen) at the level of form, which did not happen spontaneously, but only as a result of the absence of any shifts in its settlement. Moreover, the Syrian-Israeli conflict has no solution within the framework of this formula, since the time of simple and at the same time correct approaches to its settlement has passed. The adherence to this undoubtedly authoritative paradigm, as a kind of ritual, began to restrain the emergence of new unexpected forms aimed at resolving the Syrian-Israeli conflict, which is increasingly saturated with complex uncertainty. The article focuses on the fact that it is critically important to understand that today a different interpretation of the place and role of the Golan Heights in the Syrian-Israeli diplomatic dialogue is re- http://www.hist-edu.ru Историческая и социально-образовательная мысль. Toм 13 №3, 2021 Historical and Social-Educational Idea. Volume 13 #3, 2021 81 quired, the scale of which should not be overestimated and which, moreover, continues to be in a state of stagnation. Therefore, modern diplomacy must proceed from a critical understanding of a new complex reality - the Civil War in Syria, which makes it as difficult as possible to find and change the paradigm of a Syrian-Israeli settlement of the conflict.
Socio-cultural and religious victories and lost opportunities Ahyskala Tours with double citizenship.
Authors:   Giresun University. Giresun, Turkey, Bayraktar Rasim
Published: December 2021

. Socio-cultural analysis of the foundations of citizenship (national and international) of more than five hundred thousand Akhysk Turks living in nine different countries (Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Russia, Ukraine, Georgia, Turkey and the United States) shows what such a phenomenon is in the conditions of our time is of great importance. This article aims to consider ethnic, cultural, religious, political victories, as well as the lost opportunities of the foundations of interethnic citizenship, which had a double meaning for the Turks of Akhisk. In this regard, in the article, the author pays special attention to the issue of the weakening of the consciousness of the nationality of the youth of Akhysk, their attitude to language, religion, history, country (homeland), the unity of heritage, the current situation in the conditions of modern everyday life. Thus, both positive and negative consequences of the multicultural social environment in the countries where the Turks of Ahisk live are analyzed.
Logical Design of Legal Education. Towards the Anniversary of Kutafin Moscow State Law University
Authors: Malyukova O. V.
Published: December 2021

The paper deals with the problem of interrelation between two research programs — logic and jurisprudence — from antiquity to the present. Traditional logic has created and developed the Great Triad “Concept — Judgment — Inference” that has become an educational and methodological canon of humanitarian knowledge and education in general and legal knowledge and legal education in particular. The doctrine of the concept, the doctrine of judgment, the doctrine of inference (more precisely, the doctrine of proof) are essentially used in legal proceedings, law-making, and law enforcement. The author resorts to modern achievements of the theory and technology of scientific knowledge as a research methodology. Logical knowledge itself appears in the form of methodology. Under this approach, any science, both natural and humanitarian, necessarily defines its conceptual corpus. Any science, creating its own description of the subject area, uses theoretical provisions in the form of a set of theses and arguments expressed by judgments. Any science substantiates its vision of the world using a system of evidence. All these properties are subject to and correspond to the subject of logics taught in every law school in the context of legal logics or logics for lawyers. The place of logic in the framework of legal education is considered as a hierarchy of problems of the relation between the phenomena of “the logical” and “the legal” within the framework of the world-historical process, the relation between the phenomena of “the logical” and “the legal” within the framework of domestic history and domestic education system before 1917, i.e., before the overthrow of the monarchy and the establishment of the Soviet power, the relation between the phenomena of “the legal” and “the logical” in Soviet and post-Soviet history, creation of an education system, including legal education, in our country and the development of the logical science and logical education at Kutafin Moscow State Law University. The uniqueness of the study is associated with the use of the Transcript of the All-Soviet Meeting of Logic Teachers of Higher Educational Institutions held on June 21–26, 1948 in Moscow discovered and introduced into scientific circulation by the author of the paper. The result of the study proves the special importance of logic for lawyers as a reliable tool in situations of lawmaking, law enforcement and interpretation of legal norms.
Some Remarks on Legal Education in Bulgaria
Authors: Belova G. , Georgieva G.
Published: December 2021

This paper aims to provide in-depth analysis of legal education in Bulgaria since it is of paramount significance for the creation of well-trained lawyers for the state, local authorities, as well as the judicial system. The historical method was used to examine the system of the Bulgarian legal education that has been developing for about 130 years and has gone through numerous difficulties.

The comparative and juxtaposition approach were utilsed in the research to help in making inferences about the present situation regarding legal education in Bulgaria. Now there are nine law schools that deepen international co-operation and adapt their curricula to respond to the changes in national and European legislation.

It takes five years to receive a legal education in Bulgaria and the process ends with a Master’s degree in Law (LLM). There is no Bachelor degree in Law (LLB in other European countries) in our country.

All in all, the main objective of this article is to look at the Bulgarian legal education in the past and nowadays. The paper attempts to show that legal education in Bulgaria is faced with diverse challenges of the new millennium. The process of globalization as well as the recent situation with COVID-19 make it necessary to add information technologies and distant learning forms to legal education.
Комсорг Советского Союза
Authors: Ильинский Игорь Михайлович
Published: December 2021

В статье представлены размышления ректора Московского гуманитарного университета профессора И. М. Ильинского о книге выдающегося деятеля Ленинского комсомола Е. М. Тяжельникова, вышедшей    в 2021 г. Автор статьи пишет о том, в какую эпоху Е. М. Тяжельников возглавил комсомольскую организацию; говорит о личностных качествах первого секретаря ЦК ВЛКСМ, его вкладе в развитие комсомола. Особо в статье отмечается факт создания Е. М. Тяжельниковым Высшей комсомольской школы при ЦК ВЛКСМ (сегодня — Московский гуманитарный университет). Большую ценность представляет то, что автор статьи многие годы был лично знаком с Е. М. Тяжельниковым, работал вместе с ним, что составляет основу для глубоко личных воспоминаний автора об этом удивительном человеке.
Утилитаризм и пандемия: эпистемологическая утопия как modus operandi
Authors: Белялетдинов Роман Рифатович
Published: December 2021

Утилитаризм в качестве этической теории приобрел особое значение во время пандемии и стал крайне востребованной моделью принятия решений. Вместе с тем обнаружились ограничения, препятствующие широкому распространению утилитаристского подхода. Предметное понимание блага и проблема оценки рисков определили границу утилитаристских методов, а столкновение ценностных и конечных благ стало особенно выраженным. Для принятия решений, ограничивающих права и свободы, утилитаризм нуждается в точных статистических данных, на основании которых можно рассчитать приумножение глобального блага и оценить вред, наносимый ограничительными мерами. Глобальные процессы, такие как введение локдауна, достаточно сложно поддаются моделированию, так же, как и методы оценки, могут обладать различными подходами и достоверностью и нуждаются в постоянном критическом анализе. Сохранение базовых свобод и прозрачность исследований, неидеологизация и повышение доверия позволяют с наименьшими усилиями и гораздо более успешно бороться с эпидемией на основе информационной открытости и рационального убеждения. Эмоциональное и психологическое давление, заложенное в утилитаризм как ограничение индивидуальных интересов ради общего блага и невозможность определить истинную ценность каждой отдельной жизни, заставляет относиться к утилитаристской системе принятия решений с большой долей осторожностью. 

В статье анализируются теоретическая и практическая проблемы применения утилитаризма как системы принятия решений во время пандемии и делается вывод о невозможности абсолютизации утилитаристских методов при реализации регулятивных подходов.

 
Идеологический компонент в современной культуре России
Authors: Хорина Галина Петровна
Published: December 2021

В исследовании раскрывается роль, значение и содержание идеологического компонента в современной российской культуре.

Анализируются наиболее влиятельные идеологии партий, прошедших в Государственную Думу и в той или иной степени определяющих развитие российского общества: «Единая Россия», КПРФ, ЛДПР, «Справедливая Россия — патриоты — за правду», «Новые люди». Рассматривается специфика их программных установок. Утверждается, что без опоры на собственные ценности любая идеология и основанная на ней социальная и политическая практика не могут обрести сколько-нибудь широкую социальную базу и исторически обречены.
Участие СМИ в формировании повестки дня новых медиа в периоды политической напряженности
Authors: Гарбузняк Алина Юрьевна , Забиранко Валерия Игоревна
Published: December 2021

В статье анализируется внимание пользователей новых медиа к контенту СМИ в течение двух периодов, характеризующихся повышенным общественным интересом к фигуре Алексея Навального в России. Выделены медиаресурсы, оказавшие наибольшее влияние на персональную повестку пользователей. В то же время автор приходит к выводу, что массмедиа были не источником, но лишь усилителем протестной повестки. Они освещали интересующие аудиторию события и мультиплицировали информацию и позиции, ранее появившиеся в публичном пространстве новых медиа. Аналогичную функцию выполняли также другие паблики и блоги, не имеющие статуса СМИ, что не помешало им приобрести большую популярность у аудитории. В фокусе внимания были прямые эфиры и репортажи с места событий, а также высказывания знаменитостей о происходящем.
Феномен «политическая урбанизация»: проблемы определения
Authors: Забузов Олег Николаевич , Шушпанова Ирина Сергеевна
Published: December 2021

Города являются центрами общественной жизни и ее концентрации. Они выступают своего рода конденсаторами политических, экономических, информационных, собственно социальных и других видов общественных отношений. В них формируются особые виды городских управленческих практик, которые пролонгируются на иные территории и даже страны.

Обозначено авторское видение понятия «урбанизация». Выделены несколько оснований, характеризующих политическую урбанизацию. Предложено определение понятия «политическая урбанизация». Для его генерации проведено авторское поисковое исследование и экспертный опрос среди преподавателей ведущих вузов России и научных сотрудников учреждений РАН.

В авторском видении политическая урбанизация — это процессы концентрации политической власти в больших городах с одновременным возрастанием влияния политической власти таких городов в системе государственной власти, — определяемые формированием новой городской политической идентичности, обусловленной генерацией специфичной городской политической культуры и особой городской политической элиты как результат городского политико-экономического развития.
Postoperative prolonged epidural analgesia using disposable elastomeric pumps in elderly patients after spinal neurosurgery
Authors: Solenkova Alla V. , Lubnin Andrey Yu. , Ivanova Olga N. , Konovalov Nikolay A. , Korolishin Vasiliy A. , Brinyuk Evgeniy S.
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND: Postoperative pain is a significant problem in patients that causes various complications.
AIM: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of prolonged epidural analgesia using
disposable elastomeric pumps in elderly patients undergoing spinal neurosurgery and its comparison with the traditional method of postoperative analgesia in 80 patients.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Hemodynamic parameters were recorded and the efficiency of pain relief and nature of postoperative complications were assessed in comparable groups. The concentration of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-2 were determined.
RESULTS: In the group with prolonged epidural analgesia with 0.2% ropivacaine solution, an adequate level of analgesia was achieved in 92% of the patients. The revealed changes in the blood serum levels of cytokines IL-6 and IL-2 may indicate a balanced response of the immune system in the group with prolonged epidural analgesia.
CONCLUSIONS: Prolonged epidural analgesia using disposable elastomeric pumps provides complete pain relief for patients and correction of individual links of the surgical stress response.
STUDY OF THE ACUTE TOXICITY OF AQUADES-NUK PRODUCTS 5
Authors: Pugach Oleg P. , Lunegov Alexander M. , Lunegova Irina V.
Published: December 2021

In the system of veterinary and sanitary measures, disinfection occupies one of the important places, contributing to ensuring the welfare of animal husbandry against infectious diseases, increasing the productivity of animals, poultry and the sanitary quality of products, raw materials and animal feed. The main purpose of disinfection is to break the epizootic chain by influencing its most important link - the factor of transmission of the causative agent of the disease from the source of infection to the susceptible organism. Based on the foregoing, we were assigned the goal of studying the characteristics of the new domestic disinfectant AQUAdez-NUK 5, and to achieve this goal, one of the tasks was to study acute toxicity. In order to study the acute toxicity of AQUAdes-NUK 5 when administered orally, experiments were carried out on male Wister white rats weighing 220-230 g. at doses of 2000, 3000, 4000 and 5500 mg / kg. For the experiments, the rats were divided into groups of 10 animals. 10 animals were used to study each dosage for each disinfectant. One group of ten animals served as a control, which was injected with 0.9% sodium chloride solution. The disinfectant was injected in pure form. After administration, the laboratory animals were monitored for two weeks. The experiment took into account the death of animals and the clinical picture of intoxication. In the course of laboratory studies, we determined that AQUAdez-NUK 5 belongs to the III hazard class in accordance with GOST 12.1.007-76 (moderately hazardous compounds), as well as the presence of a weak irritant effect, and therefore we took appropriate safety measures during work with this disinfectant.
NAKŞİBENDİYYE TARİKATI TEMELİNDE OSMANLI DEVLETİ’NİN EHL-İ SÜNNET HASSASİYETİ(XV ve XVI. YÜZYIL)
Authors: GÜMÜŞOĞLU Hasan
Published: December 2021

Bu makalede Osmanlı Devleti’nde din ve mezhep anlayışında Nakşibendiyye tarikatının önemi incelenmiştir. Konunun kapsamlı bir şekilde ortaya konulması için önce Osmanlı’nın kuruluşu devresinde tasavvuf temelinde İslam’ın etkisine işaret edilmiş, sonra da Nakşibendiyye tarikatı ve temel esasları hakkında bilgi verilmiştir. Makalede Nakşibendiyye’nin Osmanlı’ya ilk olarak ne zaman geldiği araştırılmış ve bu çerçevede özellikle tarikatın kurucusu Bahaeddin Nakşibend’in halifelerinden Hâce İshak er-Rumî’nin Manisa’daki tekkesinin önemi incelenmiştir. Nakşibendiyye tarikatının padişahlar başta olmak üzere Osmanlılar üzerindeki nüfuzunun açıklanması için meşhur Nakşî şeyh ve âlimlerin mezhep, özellikle de Ehl-i sünnet konusundaki görüşleri araştırılmıştır. Böylece Nakşibendiyye tarikatının, toplumun din ve mezhep anlayışındaki etkisi ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır.
Kyrgyz Youth in the Moscow Agglomeration: Adaptation Strategies
Authors:   Institute for Demographic Research of the Federal Center of Theoretical and Applied Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Osadchaya Galina I. , Leskova Irina V. ,   Russian State Social University, Yudina Tatyana N. ,   Russian State Social University
Published: December 2021

The scientific article, based on the basic ideas of sociological theories about the adaptation of a person to a changing socio-cultural environment, raises the problem of building individual and group adaptation strategies by Kyrgyz young migrants upon arrival in the Moscow agglomeration. The semantic field of the studied phenomenon of social adaptation covers such conceptual strategies as accommodation, acculturation, integration. The basic principles of sociological theories in the author’s interpretation of meanings in relation to the phenomenon of adaptation are investigated. The main niches of employment of Kyrgyz migrants in the Moscow region are established, it turns out how the Kyrgyz youth lives on the territory of the host community. Four groups of migrants were recorded according to the level of adaptation. Three types of attitudes of respondents to the acculturation process are identified and interpreted: the strategy of marginalization in Moscow society, the strategy of complementarity, the strategy of assimilation of dominant norms. The conducted research contributes to the further expansion of the explanatory potential of the features of social adaptation of young citizens of Kyrgyzstan, fills the theory of social adaptation of migrants with new methodological content, allows conceptually ensuring the implementation of further empirical studies of the problems of social adaptation of migrants from the EAEU member states in Russia.
Provincial Youth Career Strategies
Authors:   Belgorod State National Research University, Shapovalova Inna S.
Published: December 2021

Based on the materials of empirical sociological research, the article reflects dispositions, factorial models of choice, life strategies in the field of career aspirations of provincial Russian youth. The author’s typology of career orientations of young people is given, which showed the importance of career aspirations in the ranks of value dispositions. The main life choices of young respondents in the field of career decisions are outlined, the importance of the career ladder in labor strategy for a fourth of the respondents is emphasized. The problems in the field of support for career choices in the implementation of state youth policy, discrimination of young people in work, as well as the risks of migration behavior of young people associated with unfulfilled expectations and requests for career strategies are identified. The authors highlight the contradiction associated with the transformation of the views and attitudes of modern young people to assessing the success of career strategies, based on the risk map of Russian youth.
The Role of the Russian Orthodox Church in the Formation Family Policy of the Russian Federation
Authors:   Institute for Demographic Research of the Federal Center of Theoretical and Applied Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Rostovskaya Tamara K. , Egorychev Alexander M. ,   Institute for Demographic Research of the Federal Center of Theoretical and Applied Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences,   Russian State Social University, Shapovalova Irina A. ,   Institute for Demographic Research of the Federal Center of Theoretical and Applied Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: December 2021

The real problem is associated with the history of the development of the Russian state and society, the institution of the family. The study showed that the Russian Orthodox Church, its spiritual and moral teaching concerning the person, family and family relations, had a greater impact on the formation, development and preservation of the value foundations of the traditional Russian family. The study made it possible to formulate the provisions regarding the development of modern family policy in Russia, the need to take into account in it the historical socio-philosophical and sociocultural foundations of the life of the Russian people, those Orthodox spiritual and moral bonds that underlie the traditional large Russian family.
Migration of Young Scientists in the Context of Professional Socialization: Key Trends and Regional Disparities
Authors:   Platov South-Russian State Polytechnic University (NPI), Ivanchenko Olga S.
Published: December 2021

The article presents generalized materials of the analysis of migration attitudes of young scientists in the context of professional socialization. The key research methods were statistical analysis and a sociological survey conducted in the paradigm of qualitative research among young scientists of the Southern Federal District (n = 15). It is concluded that the migration processes of young scientists are caused by the crisis situation of Russian science. Barriers to professional socialization. It is concluded that the vector of interregional migration is particularly relevant for young scientists in the region. The risks of regional disproportion of the concentration of scientific personnel potential are identified, which have a negative impact both on the territorial and spatial development of the region and on the professional socialization of young scientists
Generative Strategies of Russian Men in Terms of Depopulation
Authors:   Family and Demography Center, Tatarstan Academy of Sciences, Ildarhanova Chulpan I.
Published: December 2021

Theoretical and methodological base of the research includes socio-demographic, thesaurus and generational approaches. Scientific and methodical base of the research is a survey held in the Volga Federal District (Republic of Tatarstan) and the North-Western Federal District (Vologda Region). This study reflects the rupture of the family thesaurus, the loss of the authoritarian value system of family relations, which leads to the leveling of responsibility, distortion of the forms of family relations, and orientation to false family values. Transmission of marital and reproductive behavior of Russian men in intergenerational aspect is analyzed on the base of the empiric survey, the role of father in comparative correlation with transmission of value heritage of fatherhood image is discovered. The scientific novelty of the study is to identify, based on the original methodology, problem areas for the implementation of various models of generative behavior of Russian men in the conditions of transformation of family and parenting institutions.
Los programas de inclusión social juvenil en la gestión de las violencias de género: reflexiones a partir de la implementación del Programa Envión en Buenos Aires
Authors: Gaitán Ana Cecilia
Published: December 2021

In the last two decades in Argentina and at the regional level, a set of programs aimed at young people with violated rights or at risk of exclusion have emerged, aimed at guaranteeing their integration into the education system and the labor market. Based on the analysis of the Envión Program in the province of Buenos Aires, this article offers reflections on how these social inclusion initiatives can also operate as devices for managing the suffering of poor young women, and on how such management can present ambivalences and tensions between clients and state workers, which invite a careful exploration of the relationships between poor young people, violence, and care. The data presented was produced within the framework of two qualitative investigations focused on the participatory processes orchestrated by Envión between 2013 and 2017.
Más allá del clientelismo y la técnica: la distribución política del presupuesto gubernamental en Colombia
Authors: Leyva-Botero Santiago , Mejía-Betancur Claudia , Fortou José Antonio
Published: December 2021

We examine the distribution of budget by the national executive power in a presidential system from the standpoint of the literature on tactical distribution. Our objective is to empirically test theories on the political rationale of this phenomenon. We begin with a comparative literature review, emphasizing voter and congress-oriented distribution. We derive three hypotheses that capture three distinct models: programmatic, voter-oriented, and legislative-oriented distribution. Then, we analyze an original dataset of budget distribution through cupos indicativos in Colombia during president Juan Manuel Santos’ first term (2010-2014). Using regression analyses, we show that increases in legislative representation have a positive association with the amount of resources distributed, which lend empirical support to theories of nonprogrammatic legislative-oriented distributive politics.
Disinfectant Spraying Robot to Prevent the Transmission of the Covid-19 Virus Based on the Internet of Things (IoT)
Authors: Sulistiyowati Indah , Muhyiddin Moh Imam
Published: December 2021

One way to prevent the transmission and spread of Covid-19 is to always keep ourselves and our environment clean. Maintaining personal and environmental hygiene can be done by using antiseptics and disinfectants. Disinfectants that are not used properly will be bad for humans. That is why so far the spraying of disinfectants for the prevention of COVID-19 has been carried out by human workers who are dressed in complete Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) using manual sprayers. This is certainly very risky to humans who do the spraying manually. The objective of this research is to minimize the risk of spraying disinfectants, by using a robotic power to spray disinfectant based on the Internet of Things (IoT) and a camera. This robot is operated by using a smartphone while to determine the environmental conditions around it is used a camera. From the test results, it obtained data that the robot works well and is quite reliable due to the wider scope limit because it uses an IoT connection to communicate with smartphones. The results of camera readings on laptops are also quite clear, although the higher the resolution on the display, the lag time required to transfer images to the laptop affects.
Risk factors of anemia among selected countries experiencing higher rate of under-5 mortality in sub-Saharan Africa: a three-way interaction model
Authors: Eniade Olanrewaju D. , Olarinmoye Abayomi T. , Jasper Tongdiyen L. , Olasunkanmi Yusuff A. , Alabi Musibau A. , Olaore Olusegun A. , Akaki Motunrayo R. , Ojelabi Ibrahim O. , Kayode Bode
Published: December 2021

Background: Over 1.8 million under-five mortality could be avoided each year if anemia is dealt with. No adequate information on the determinants of anemia among the sub-Saharan countries experiencing a higher after prevalence under-5 mortality. This study identified the risk factors of anemia among three sub-Saharan countries (Benin, Guinea and Nigeria).Methods: A total of 24137 records from the 2018 demographic and health survey. The outcome variable was anemia status (Anemic=1, not anemic=0). Measures of effects (AOR) were assessed using binary logistic regression and random-effect generalized linear model. Stata MP 16 was used for the data analysis.Results: Anemia was found to be common among children in Nigeria (ENREF 59.4%), Benin (58.2%), and Guinea (46.0%). Children (<6 months) had higher risk of anemia (AOR: 1.20, 95% CI: 1.05-1.37). Intake of drugs for the treatment of intestinal parasites during pregnancy was found to be protective against anemia in Nigeria (AOR: 0.85, 95% CI: 0.89-0.97) and Guinea (AOR: 0.76, 95% CI: 0.63-0.91). Main cooking fuel: Kerosene (AOR: 1.32, 95% CI: 1.05-1.65) and firewood (AOR: 1.46, 95% CI: 1.17-1.81) were associated with a higher risk of anemia.Conclusions: Children of younger age (<6 months) deserve priority attention in the battle against anemia. Intake of drugs for intestinal parasites during pregnancy presents a potentially impactful strategy for anemia prevention among under-5 children in addition to routine deworming and treatments. Also, rural residents, users of kerosene and firewood as main cooking fuel, and users of unprotected well as main source of drinking water needs attention in the awareness and campaigns against under-5 anemia.
Effect of maternal hemoglobin and iron status on fetal hemoglobin, iron status, growth and maturity
Authors: Kidwai Mohammad Moaaz , Anand V. R. , Gulathi Deepika
Published: December 2021

Background: Iron deficiency anemia during pregnancy is a major health issue in India. However, the status of iron stores in infants born to iron depleted mothers remains controversial and inadequately investigated. The present study is therefore an attempt to understand whether maternal anemia and iron stores have any significant effect on iron status and growth of fetus.Methods: This is a prospective, cross-sectional, hospital based study conducted at Mata Chanan Devi Hosital, Janakpuri, New Delhi. Hemoglobin and iron profile of 100 newborns and their mothers were taken. Mothers were divided into anemic and non anemic group to see the effect of maternal anemia on fetus.Results: A total of 100 newborns and their mothers were analysed. Cord hemoglobin and iron profile was significantly reduced in anemic compared to non anemic group. Birth weight of newborn was significantly reduced only in moderately anemic group as compared to non anemic group but there was no difference seen in length and head circumference.Conclusions: Maternal serum ferritin levels should be measured for the diagnosis of occult iron deficiency in the fetus so that timely measures can be taken to prevent iron deficiency anemia in the newborn.
Clinical characteristics and predictive mortality risk factors in hospitalised children with COVID-19 illness during the first and second wave: single centre experiences from a tertiary paediatric hospital in Mumbai
Authors: Prabhu Shakuntala S. , Gavali Vrushabh S. , Mathur Radhika , Rao Sudha , Shobhawat Lakshmi , Venkatesh Sumitra , Prabhu Sanjay , Bodhanwala Minnie
Published: December 2021

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected both adults and children alike. It presented in cluster of cases in short period of time all across the world. In India, there were two such clusters called as first and second wave. World over mortality was more in adults than in children. But, few children also had severe disease during these waves.  Also, some presented with inflammatory state secondary to COVID-19 infection which is called as Multisystem Inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). As major population affected with severe disease were older people this disease in initial phases was most studied in this population. It is thus necessary to observe and analyse disease manifestations, pattern and risk factors in children and also contrast these variables between the two waves. The objectives of the study was to compare and contrast clinico-demographic parameters and outcome predictors in children admitted with COVID-19 during the first and second waves.Methods: This is a retrospective analytical study comparing aforementioned parameters of children (with and without co-morbidity) admitted with COVID-19 infection between the two waves of pandemic in a tertiary care public pediatric hospital in Western Maharashtra.Results: First wave had 176 cases admitted over six months while the second wave had 185 cases over only three months. While proportion of cases with pneumonia requiring ICU stay was significantly higher in wave 2, those with MIS-C requiring inotropes was higher in wave 1. There was no difference in other clinico-demographic parameters of these cases irrespective of co-morbidity. Pneumonia, severe disease, hypoxia, need for inotropes or ICU care predicted poor outcome in both the waves.Conclusions: Though the pattern of presentation was different, the clinico-demographic variables and predictors of mortality were comparable between the two waves.
Clinical profile, etiology, type and outcome of neonatal seizures: a hospital-based study
Authors: Chesti Mohmad Saleem , Shahzad Naveed , Chaman Shilakha , Gazala Sheenam
Published: December 2021

Background: Our study was undertaken to study the etiological factor, clinical profile, types and outcome of newborn with neonatal seizures (NNS).Methods: Our study was hospital based prospective study was done in Sheri Kashmir institute of medical sciences (SKIMS) Bemina from April 2013 to April 2015 in NICU, after obtaining ethical clearance from institutional ethical committee. All neonates fulfilling inclusion criteria were included in our study.Results: In our study, 80 neonates with seizures were included in our study, among them 48 were males and 32 were females. Majority of neonates (57.5%) developed seizures during first 72 hours of life due to birth asphyxia. Commonest types of neonatal seizures observed in our study were subtle observed in 46 cases, followed by tonic (21.2 %), clonic (14.9 %) and mixed (6.2%) seizures. Birth asphyxia was commonest cause (57.5%) of NNS, sepsis with meningitis (18.7%) followed by hypoglycemia (13.7%) and hypocalcemia (5%). Cases of birth asphyxia were associated with higher mortality (58.3%) as compared to cases with metabolic seizures.Conclusions: From our study we conclude that commonest cause of neonatal seizure was birth asphyxia occurring within 72 hours of birth. Sepsis and meningitis were also common infections resulting in neonatal seizure, while as hypoglycaemia and hypocalcemia were common biochemical abnormalities leading to NNS. Early identification and treatment are likely important for long-term outcomes in acute symptomatic seizure.
Actinomycosis in head and neck region of pediatric patients: a review
Authors: Swain Santosh Kumar , Behera Ishwar Chandra , Jena Pragnya Paramita
Published: December 2021

The majority of cases of actinomycosis are of odontogenic origin and related to the perimandibular region with other sites of primary actinomycosis in the head and neck region include the tongue, paranasal sinuses, middle ear, larynx, lacrimal passage, and thyroid gland. Actinomycosis is an uncommon infection caused by Actinomyces species, facultative anaerobic bacteria that are part of the normal flora in the oropharynx, gastrointestinal tract, and female genital tract. The risk factors for actinomycosis in the pediatric age group are dental caries, trauma, debilitation, and poorly controlled diabetes mellitus. The pathogenesis of the actinomycosis in the head and neck region is often unclear. The hallmark of actinomycosis is the spread of infection which fails to respect the tissue or fascial planes. The organism causing actinomycosis is often difficult to isolate from culture and the differential diagnosis is extensive which prompts clinicians to name the actinomycosis the masquerader of the head and neck area. This clinical entity in pediatric patients may mimic malignancy or granulomatous disease in the head and neck region. Clinicians must be aware of typical presentations of actinomycosis in the head and neck region. Bacterial cultures and histopathological study are the cornerstones of the diagnosis of actinomycosis, however, particular conditions are needed to find the exact diagnosis. The treatment of actinomycosis includes a combination of surgery and antibiotic therapy. Surgery is an important adjunctive to medical therapy in patients with extensive lesions of actinomycosis. Actinomyces species are uniformly susceptible to penicillin. This review article discusses the etiopathology, epidemiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and current treatment of the actinomycosis in the head and neck region of pediatric patients.
Dhaka city drivers’ community knowledge, attitude and practice on water, sanitation and hygiene and associated factors: a descriptive cross-sectional study
Authors: M. Yahya F. S. , Shamsal Islam M.
Published: December 2021

Background: Water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) is to consider the first step to improving the public health of urban people. Primary health-related risk factors are largely induced by urban people's daily WASH practice and this is the leading cause of mortality and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) globally. About 28% of Bangladeshi people are living in urban areas and the megacity Dhaka accounts for around 40% of the urban population. In this explanatory research, we explored the knowledge, attitude and practice on WASH and associated factors of drivers’ communities in Dhaka, Bangladesh.Methods: The study was an observational descriptive cross-sectional study and both quantitative and qualitative data were collected. The study was conducted between 03 September 2020, and 28 February 2021. A total of 109 drivers, 8 focus group discussions (FGDs) and 8 key informant interviews (KIIs) were also conducted.Results: The vast majority of drivers were middle age and a few were younger. The vast majority of drivers were experienced and the current job duration was about 7.94±8.33 years. The majority of drivers usually passed leisure time by playing ludo, chess, carrom, cards, chatting online on Facebook (FB), watching the drama on YouTube, watching television (TV), hearing radio programs and gossiping with colleagues. Two-third of the drivers disposing of food waste in the dustbin, and one-third kept inside the vehicle aiming to dispose of it dustbin although some of them throw it into the street.Conclusions: Study findings suggested that there is a need to create WASH facilities and intensive campaigns on hygiene and sanitation to create awareness among aged drivers to practice health and hygiene during duty hours.
Utility of pneumococcal vaccine among elderly population in buraidah primary health care centers
Authors: Alawaji Sulaiman A. , Kalevaru Chandra S.
Published: December 2021

Background: People with chronic diseases tend to land up with high mortality and morbidity. Objective of the study is to determine the prevalence of Pneumococcal vaccine utility among the 50 years and above age group population, to find the demographic profile, the knowledge of PCV among the general population.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted randomly in 6 primary health care centers in Buraidah city, Saudi Arabia from the aged 50 years and above population. Sample size was calculated by using WHO statistical software for sample size determination, the result of sample size was 236 participants. A interview-based questionnaire was used after obtaining consent from each participant. Data entered and analyzed using the SPSS software 21.0 version. For categorical analysis, chi square test was applied.Results: In the present study, a total of 202 samples of the population has participated and response rate was 86%. About only 12.9% (26/202) of study population taken PCV vaccine in the study. About 79.7% were having different chronic diseases. About 83.7% were given a response as PCV prevents the disease. There was statistically significant association was observed between different levels of education and chronic heart disease with PCV vaccination status (p<0.05).Conclusions: Based on the study results, Pneumococcal vaccination coverage was low, in comparison with Riyadh study in 2018; our study vaccination coverage was more. Still need Health promotional measures among the general public to increase the coverage of PCV.
Impact of contraceptive counselling, an essential element of post-abortion care, on uptake of contraceptives: a cross-sectional study of adolescents who received post-abortion care services in Makueni County, Kenya
Authors: Ngugi Rachel N. , Musovya James , Njoroge Wacuka G. , Kodhiambo Maurice O.
Published: December 2021

Background: Contraceptive counselling and provision of contraceptives are essential elements of the post-abortion care model which was first published in 1994 with an aim of promoting post-abortion care as an effective public health strategy. Despite being core elements of this model, they are often overlooked during provision of post-abortion care services as health care workers focus on emergency services and removing the retained products of conception. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of contraceptive counselling on uptake of contraceptives among adolescents presenting for post-abortion care.Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 100 adolescent girls who presented for post-abortion care at the Kibwezi-east sub-county hospital, Makueni county, Kenya. Self- administered questionnaires were used for data collection and data was analyzed using SPSS version 25. Chi-square was used to compare study participants who received/did not receive contraceptive counselling and their uptake of contraceptives.Results: The mean age of the 100 participants was 17 years (SD=1.457). 98% of them were formally educated, 57% had the mother as their only guardian and majority of them were of Christian religion (56%). 41% (n=41) received contraceptive counselling services and 59% (n=59) were not counselled. Among the 41 participants who received contraceptive counselling, 92% (n=37) of them took up a contraceptive method and 8% (n=4) did not take up any method and among the 59 participants who did not receive contraceptive counselling, 51% (n=30) of them took up a contraceptive method while 49% (n=29) did not.Conclusions: Contraceptive counselling remains an integral part of post abortion care and in this study it was found to have a positive correlation with utilization of post abortion contraceptives (rs=0.412, p=0.000).