bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Floristic composition, structure and environmental characterization of Cyathea costaricensis population in a remnant cloud forest in Mexico
Authors: Olvera-Vargas Miguel , Figueroa-Rangel Blanca L. , Solís Robles Christiam
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Tree ferns are significant components of temperate, tropical and subtropical forests, contributing to shape complex forest stand structures. Objectives: 1) to describe the population structure of Cyathea costaricensis in a remnant cloud forest of West-central Mexico; 2) to characterize and relate the floristic composition and the structure of the most important tree species associated to the C. costaricensis population and; 3) to describe the environment where C. costaricensis occurs. Methods: We estimated the Importance Value Index (IVI) to select the most important canopy-dominant species associated to C. costaricensis; we constructed height and Diameter at Breast Height (DBH) frequency distributions for those selected species according to IVI as well as for C. costaricensis population; we computed the asymmetry of the frequency distributions through the coefficient of skewness and the probability density function via the Kernel density estimation. We tested for differences between canopy-dominant tree species and C. costaricensis population structure by the non-parametric Wilcoxon rank sum test. Results: C. costaricensis individuals presented the smallest heights and intermediate DBH sizes as compared with the canopy-dominant species, with statistically significant differences for height but not for DBH according to the Wilcoxon test. Most of the tree fern individuals were located in uneven terrains and over the base slope of the terrain; canopy openness and Total Radiation Under the Canopy values were similar to those reported for Cyathea species elsewhere. Conclusions: We confirm the hypothesis of comparable structure between the canopy-dominant species and the C. costaricensis population only for DBH; on the contrary, for trunk height, there were statistically significant differences; the small heights of C. costaricensis suggest their coexistence in the understory through sheltering from the taller canopy-dominants. Mostly all individuals of C. costaricensis were confined to local environmental conditions, particularly to physiography.
РЕЦЕНЗИЯ НА НАУЧНУЮ МОНОГРАФИЮ О.Б. КАФАНОВОЙ «ПЕРЕВОДЫ Н.М. КАРАМЗИНА КАК КУЛЬТУРНЫЙ УНИВЕРСУМ». СПБ.: АЛЕТЕЙЯ, 2020. 356 с., ил.
Authors:   Tomsk State University (Tomsk, Russian Federation), Никонова Н.Е.
Published: January 2022

The review notes Olga Kafanova’s great contribution to the study of the history of Russian literature, and especially works by Nikolai Karamzin, and productivity of her research as evidenced by the presented monograph. The book excels in its fundamental nature, novelty and reliability of the source base (more than 500 items of the bibliography of translations by Karamzin (1783–1800) and originals discovered while studying foreign works and periodicals). The review indicates the novelty and prospects of a number of Kafanova’s observations. In 2016, the public celebrated the 250th anniversary of Karamzin’s birth. The jubilee events were held in several countries and brought together dozens of scholars. One of the particular results of these events is an observation on the need for a comprehensive understanding of the work of Karamzin as a translator at a new level. The reviewed monograph promptly fills the noted gap and, using unique material, solves the problem of popularizing and preserving the Russian literary classics. The bibliography presented in the form of an appendix contains names of more than 50 authors of English, German, and French literature, whose texts Karamzin referred to. Based on the compiled corpus, Kafanova chooses an analytical approach that consistently reflects the evolution of Karamzin’s own system of views, on the one hand, and is based on the classic examples of Russian literary criticism and translation studies, on the other. Kafanova’s genre-generic approach easily synthesizes the several dimensions of the literary, editorial and institutional activities of Karamzin as a translator; there is no criticism of the clear definitions that classify Karamzin’s work on mastering the texts of foreign authors to one type or another. Another idea in the book is connected with a fundamental approach in the science of literature, according to which the history of literary processes is considered as a series of successive trends and directions of humanitarian thought. The reviewed book tells about the nuances of the era of pre-Romanticism, about the intricacies of interpreting Stern’s “sentimental stories of a sensitive heroine”, about the “portrait” project associated with “sensitive authors” (Wieland, Gesner, Klopstock, and others), and about the peculiarities of the Enlightenment and European Antiquity in the pantheon of literature by Karamzin and his contemporaries.
РЕЦЕНЗИЯ НА УЧЕБНОЕ ПОСОБИЕ «ПРОБЛЕМА ЧИТАТЕЛЯ В ТОМСКЕ И ТОМСКОЙ ГУБЕРНИИ В КОНЦЕ XIX – НАЧАЛЕ XX ВВ.» / ОТВ. РЕД. Т.Л. ВОРОБЬЁВА. ТОМСК: ИЗДАТЕЛЬСКИЙ ДОМ ТОМСКОГО ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОГО УНИВЕРСИТЕТА, 2020. 226 с.
Authors:   Vyatka State University (Kirov, Russian Federation), Динер Е.В.
Published: January 2022

The reviewed textbook presents the results of a study of the personality of the reader of Tomsk and Tomsk Province in the late 19th – early 20th centuries. The review shows the high relevance of these results for the study of modern processes in the field of reading and notes the importance of these results for the development of professional competencies of workers in the publishing and library industries. The content of the textbook is characterized. The significance of its use for studying the problems of sociology and psychology of reading, regional and Russian publishing, issues of the history of the development of culture in Siberia is determined.
Contrastive and Degenerative Transitivity as Thematic Reinforcement in Selected J. P. Clark Poetry
Authors: Iroegbu Obinna
Published: January 2022

This article examines the stylistic implications of transitivity in selected poems by J.P. Clark, a foremost Nigerian poet. Transitivity is engaged from the perspective of Halliday’s ideational meta-function of language use, with attention paid to the participants and the processes. Twelve randomly selected poems from Clark’s (2010) Full Tide are analyzed. It is observed that, in some of these poems, there is deliberate foregrounding of the sequence or location of lexical forms, especially those pertaining to participants and processes. This foregrounding is established in what manifests as a negative shift in lexico-semantic forms that suggests degenerative essence. The placement of words as well as the sequence of these words evokes a secondary reading beyond what the text ordinarily expresses.
Establishing the Validity and Reliability of the Malaysian English Language Textbook Evaluation Checklist (MELTEC) Using Rasch Measurement Model (RRM)
Authors: Roberts Faustina , Aziz Azlina Abdul , Matore Mohd Effendi @ Ewan Mohd
Published: January 2022

A textbook is an important teaching and learning material. Evaluating a textbook is essential to ensure educational goals are met. In the present study, the Malaysian English Language Textbook Evaluation Checklist (MELTEC) is developed for the purpose of materials adaptation. The lack of validity and reliability of previous textbook evaluation checklists reported by researchers in the field of ELT textbook evaluation has resulted in the need to establish the validity and reliability of the checklist developed in this study using the Rasch Measurement Model (RRM). One hundred and ten ESL secondary school teachers from Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, had participated in this study. Rasch analysis was used to examine the item fit, polarity, reliability, separation index, and unidimensionality of the checklist. As a result, the finalised version of MELTEC comprises of 78 items. A total of 63 items were dropped as these items were not deemed to be suitable. The analysis performed using Rasch Measurement Model proved that the checklist has high validity and reliability. The checklist is found to be suitable to evaluate ELT secondary school textbooks in Malaysia. On that account, future researchers can consider using Rasch Measurement Model to establish the validity and reliability of the instruments developed to ensure their integrity and quality.
Revitalizing Local Wisdom in Balinese Simile: An Effort to Enhance Balinese Youth Character
Authors: Kardana I Nyoman , Rajistha I Gusti Ngurah Adi , Satyawati Made Sri
Published: January 2022

The moral message in local languages is often referred to as local wisdom. Local wisdom plays a very important role in people's lives since it is used as a means and basis for solving their encountered various problems. As one of the big local languages in Indonesia, the Balinese language contains many figurative languages that are rich in local wisdom values. The values have proven to be a shield to protect the Balinese people and their culture from the globalization attack. For this reason, local wisdom found in Balinese figurative language needs to be revitalized to be understood and implemented by the younger generation of Bali. One of the figurative languages studied in this study is the simile. Similes of the Balinese language are studied by combining three approaches, namely ecolinguistic, pragmatic, and cultural approaches, to reach detailed analysis results. Simile as part of a metaphor is an expression or discourse conveyed by the speaker indirectly to the interlocutor with certain aims and objectives. The ecolinguistic approach examines the form, function, and meaning or ideology contained in metaphorical language. Meanwhile, a pragmatic approach and a cultural approach are used to assist the ecolinguistic approach in uncovering the functions of figurative language in society and explaining the meaning or ideology existing in Balinese society. The values were reviewed for relevance to the current people's lives contaminated by information technology and tourism development.
Analysis of Fallacies in Below-Average Chinese Debaters’ Speech From Judges’ Oral Feedback
Authors: Wang Liqing
Published: January 2022

This study aims to explore and analyze the common characteristics of fallacies made by below-average Chinese debaters and identify the criteria used by judges in evaluating those fallacies that determine the ranking of debaters. The 20 pieces of oral feedback from judges on the total fallacies made by five teams of below-average debaters from one tournament of the FLTRP CUP debate competition were selected. A direct link to the cause of faulty reasoning in the group of lower ranked teams was found between relevance-related and structural-related fallacies. Additional contributory fallacies which prevented debaters from winning if not necessarily losing were those related to acceptability and refutation, finally, the most prevalent fallacy was found to be that related to sufficiency which occurred in varying degrees and at different levels of the team.
Conversational Implicatures on Saturday Night Live Talk Show
Authors: Yulianti Sri , Arafah Burhanuddin , Rofikah Ummu , Idris Andi Muhammad Syafri , Samsur Nurfaizah , Arafah Azhariah Nur B.
Published: January 2022

Conversational implicature seems to be an everlasting concern in pragmatics for its wide-ranging investigation possibility. Applying Gricean’s principles, the present study examined the types of conversational implicatures found in the Saturday Night Live talk show. This research used a qualitative method with a pragmatic approach. The research data were collected from the utterances in Season 46 Episode 5 accessed from MBC's channel (www. saturday night live – NBC.COM). The result indicated that there were two types of conversational implicatures found in Saturday Night Live talk show namely: First, particularized conversational implicature, and second, generalized conversational implicature. We found that the utterances containing particularized implicature outnumbered the ones with generalized implicature. In our interpretation, the dominance of particularized implicature reflects the centrality of the particular context in producing and inferring utterances for meaningful and effective communication.
Review of the Study on Rhetoric Translation in China (1997-2021)
Authors: Ren Junhua
Published: January 2022

Rhetoric and translation help to promote language and cultural exchanges. Therefore, the study of the two fields can be traced far back. Scholars focused on the translation of rhetorical devices long before. In order to learn the trend and problem of the current study of rhetoric translation in China, this paper adopts the method of bibliometrics to analyze the relevant academic articles, theses and dissertations published from1997 to 2021 on China National Knowledge Infrastructure (short for CNKI), a well-known academic website of China. The analysis goes through six dimensions, such as languages involved in the transfer, translation direction, text type, research perspective, rhetoric device and citation frequency.
Burmese Women Portrait Under the British Imperialism in Orwell’s Burmese Days
Authors: Afiah Nur , Arafah Burhanuddin , Abbas Herawaty
Published: January 2022

This study aims to expose the Burmese women portrait under British Imperialism. The writer believes that Burmese Days is created as a response to the social phenomenon that was happening during the process of its creation. This study used a qualitative method using a sociological approach by Laurenson and Swingewood. The data of this study were collected from the description and utterances of the characters and narrator in the novel. The result of this study shows that the women were portrayed as the slave of the English men. The women are not valuable, they merely become entertainment for the English men to entertain them. Even, some of the Europeans have concubines to accompany them in killing their time or killing their boredom. It looks like the women are created for the English men as dolls which can be played as often as they can, and of course, like a doll, they can be thrown easily after the English men being bored. As this research limited to the analysis of women portrait as a concubine for the English men, it is suggested for other researchers to analyze and find the relevant problems that still exist around the society, such as social inequality, resistance, obedience, strategy, gender, racism, corruption and other social aspects in the novel Burmese Days.
Foreign Language Acquisition Anxiety and Project-Based Learning in Collaborative L2 Instruction: A Case Study
Authors: Miguel Elizandra , Carney William
Published: January 2022

This article discusses the experiences of an instructor-student collaboration in combining English as a Second Language instruction with a project-based model. It provides information about a year-long period of instruction that made use of extensive collaboration in language instruction for the creation of business documents geared to a specific purpose. The article suggests that such a project-based and collaborative approach to Foreign Language Learning might be useful in alleviating foreign language learning anxiety for advanced speakers of a second language. Additionally, the article discusses instruction performed via the Zoom platform. The use of platforms such as Zoom, or Skype, are becoming more ubiquitous as an instructional trend that pre-dates recent public health concerns, and this technology is discussed here in terms of the opportunities for collaborative learning and feedback it offers in a discipline that is still favors traditional face-to-face instruction. Although the experiences described here occurred in a non-academic setting with an instructor-student dyad, we suggest that it may be useful in academic settings with additional students and fewer collaborative opportunities to create highly specific objectives.
The Effectiveness of Differentiated Teaching Strategy in Developing Reading Comprehension Skills of Fourth Grade Students in the United Arab Emirates
Authors: Ma’youf Nisreen A. , Aburezeq Ibtehal M.
Published: January 2022

The aim of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of the differentiated teaching strategy in developing reading comprehension skills of fourth grade students in the United Arab Emirates. The study sample consisted of (49) male and female students, who were randomly distributed into an experimental group (23 students), and a control group (26 students). The experimental group was taught using the Differentiated Teaching strategy, and the control group was taught using the traditional method. To conduct the study and answer its questions, the researchers used the quasi-experimental approach and constructed a reading comprehension test. After the completion of the study, the post-test of reading comprehension skills was implemented; scores of the two groups were obtained; and the data were analyzed using the appropriate statistical methods. The results revealed that there were statistically significant differences in the post-test at the four levels (literal, deductive, critical, and creative) and reading skills in general between the scores of the two study groups in favor of the experimental group. This indicates that the Differentiated Teaching strategy had a positive impact on developing students' reading comprehension skills. In light of the results, a number of recommendations were drafted and presented.
A Comparison of Online Learning Challenges Between Young Learners and Adult Learners in ESL Classes During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Critical Review
Authors: Manoharan Sasi Rekha , Hua Tan Kim , Sultan Fazal Mohamed Mohamed
Published: January 2022

This critical review aims to make a comparison of online learning challenges between young learners and adult learners in ESL classes during the COVID-19 pandemic. The pandemic has forced the closure of schools and institutions and the shift from face to face classes to online learning which forced the learners to adapt with the transformation. The challenges being faced by the young and adult learners were categorized into three themes, namely learning styles, psychological effect and low academic performance. A total of 40 articles were screened from the years 2020 and 2021. Out of those articles, 29 articles were recognized for the adult learners’ challenges and 11 articles for the young learners’ challenges. The findings suggested there were differences of challenges between the young and adult learners. It is important to recognize the challenges faced by these two levels of learners so that these challenges can be addressed accordingly in the future.
Lexical Quantors: From Term to Discursive Practice
Authors: Kushch Elina , Bialyk Vasyl , Zhykharieva Olena , Stavtseva Viktoriia , Taran Svitlana
Published: January 2022

The paper looks into the emergence of terms and neologisms related to COVID-19 outbreak, which are treated as lexical quantors (LQs). A LQ, as a linguistic nominative unit, reflects the amount of language knowledge (LK) represented in a certain segment of language worldview (LWV). It is represented by a word or a phrase, which constitutes some quantum of information to designate a certain segment of LWV. It has a systemic character and is reflected in the semantics of a linguistic unit. This research is aimed at exploring COVID-19 lexical quantors both in terminological and general vocabulary aspects and it defines the major language concepts for special purposes (LSP). It is characterized by the word formation means expressing all types of LK with the prevalence of a denotative special meaning. General COVID-19 lexical units employ all word formation means to render both denotative and connotative components of LQs meanings revealing also social, cultural, and axiological aspects of LK. The boundary between COVID-19 terminology and general lexical units is quite blurred when the transition from one layer of vocabulary to another is observed. Word formation is viewed as the process of constructing LQs in terms of aggregated, condensed and modified knowledge means. In conclusion, the informative potential realization of LQ is manifested in various discursive practices, namely: media, politics, and public service announcements (PSA) that embrace both linguistic and socio-cultural characteristics of communication.
Indonesian Language Characteristics of Deaf Children and Implications for Literacy Skills
Authors: Arnawa Nengah , Geria Anak Agung Gde Alit , Arsana I Gusti Lanang Rai
Published: January 2022

This research aimed to reveal the characteristics of the Indonesian language in deaf children and the implications for their literacy skills. A qualitative approach was used on the subjects determined through purposive sampling. Data were collected by recording student performance portfolios, interviewing teachers, and observing video recordings. The data were analyzed descriptively and explanatively. The results showed that the Indonesian language for deaf children is limited, as seen through four ways. First, the vocabulary of deaf children is dominated by general words (hypernyms) and concrete references. Second, they do not use figures of speech or idioms, compound words, and terms. Third, their ability to form derivative words is still low. Fourth, they generally produce core and single sentences, and only a small part uses compound sentences. The main and single sentences have an inversion pattern, where the verb precedes the subject. Moreover, they fail to use linking between sentences, and the resulting discourse is a collection of separate sentences. The linguistic barriers resulted in a low effective reading speed of 33.04 – 68, 30 words per minute. This has implications for low literacy skills. Therefore, an intervention program is needed to improve the language skills of deaf children.
Social Interaction: Communicative Approach
Authors: Zaitseva Margaryta , Pelepeychenko Lyudmyla
Published: January 2022

The article focuses on the study of requirements for communication in the social sphere and justification of their specificity in comparison with other types of verbal interaction. The relevance of the stated problem is determined by the significant influence of social communications on society and the dependence of public safety on the effectiveness of social interaction. The study aimed at identifying the types of violations of commonly known maxims in the social sphere and substantiating the specificity of requirements for social communicative interaction. Two main methods were used in the research: projecting and modeling. The well-known communication maxims were divided into two groups. The first group contains those that define the requirements for organizing the content of the message and are aimed at ensuring the fullness of its perception by the addressees. The second group includes maxims, which establish requirements for the moral climate of communication and the implementation of the principle of politeness. The data of interviews given by representatives of governmental bodies to journalists of certain TV channels and blogs, as well as the analysis of Internet news videos revealed the types of violations of the well-known maxims of communication in the social domain. The main ones are:  ignoring the maxims of the second group in interviews and non-compliance with the maxims of the first group in news programs. It has been proved that the well-known maxims of communication need to be revised taking into account the conditions of social contact discourse. The specificity of maxims in social communicative interaction was substantiated.
“Things” and Recovery From Trauma in Joukhader’s A Map of Salt and Stars
Authors: Louati Hayat , Amrieh Yousef Abu
Published: January 2022

The present article explores the impact of “Things” on the healing journeys of the characters in Syrian American author Jennifer Zeynab Joukhader’s novel A Map of Salt and Stars (2018). It highlights the role of certain “Things” in Nour’s family’s healing process from the traumatic experiences of the Syrian war. The article also sheds light on the war’s reshaping of the objects and the individuals’ relationship with them. The objects that this article investigates are as varied as mundane utensils (a shattered plate), cherished souvenirs (Zahra’s bracelet), and even magical objects (Nour’s stone). Particularly, the article examines the establishment of the close association between the characters and these objects and the impact of this association on the family’s journey towards safety and recovery. For this reason, the present study is situated within the theoretical frameworks of the “Thing” theory and psychological trauma. This article argues that the close association that the characters establish with certain “Things” accompanies them during their grief and traumatic experiences, and subsequently initiates and facilitates their recovery.
A Study on Peach Blooms Painted With Blood From the Perspective of Foreignization
Authors: Lu Shaohui
Published: January 2022

This research analyzes the drama, Peach Blooms Painted with Blood, as translated by Xu Yuanchong in light of Lawrence Venuti’s foreignization translation theory. The four elements influencing the foreignization translation method: purpose of the translator, type of text, poetics, and ideology are introduced, defined, analyzed, and illustrated in the translations by employing foreignization translation in linguistic, religious, and sociocultural contexts based on the five cultural contexts put forward by Eugene A. Nida. Following discussion of Nida’s contexts, the cases are analyzed through comparison and contrast of the connotations, implications, and situations existing between Chinese and Western cultures with the aim of enhancing the understanding of classical Chinese poetry and prose, thus enabling translators to interpret and advance Chinese classical works in a more effective way.
Man and the Internet: dialectics of knowledge and information
Authors: Emelyanenko V. D. , Yanenko E. M.
Published: January 2022

In the article the problem of transformation of the information received by the user on the Internet into his knowledge is investigated. The paper uses the main special scientific and logical research methods used in the social and humanitarian sciences. At the same time, the methods of systematic and value-worldview analysis of the phenomena of the spiritual world of a person are distinguished by the degree of significance, which allow us to study the problem of the dialectic of knowledge and information on the Internet not in isolation, but in connection with the main phenomena of the spiritual life of people, taking into account the priority of value-worldview structures. The goal of the work is to find a priority factor that provides a higher degree of accuracy in the transformation of information from the Internet into human knowledge. It is shown that the nature of the world wide web to a certain extent complicates the process of translating information coming to a person into his knowledge. It is concluded that the condition for the transformation of information received by the user on the Internet is the cognitive activity of a person, due primarily to the development of its value and ideological sphere. If the cognizing person has sufficiently developed and stable value – ideological foundations of personality (beliefs, ideals, principles, worldview), he successfully realizes himself as a developing subject, an active participant in knowledge. On the contrary, insufficiently stable value-worldview sphere can lead to passive perception of information by the individual, adaptation to reality, simplification of personality. Information from the Internet in the most adequate form is transformed into a person’s knowledge on the basis of his own cognitive activity, in the presence of intellectual and volitional capabilities (especially value-worldview qualities) for verifying the information available on the Network.
Blurring the line between publicity and privacy on social media and the privacy paradox
Authors: Chesnokova L. V.
Published: January 2022

The article examines the situation associated with the spread of social networks, which brought not only new communication opportunities, but also the risks of blurring the boundaries between privacy and publicity. People voluntarily share personal data in exchange for public acceptance. This information is recorded and studied by various government and commercial institutions. The danger to information privacy as a right to control access to personal information is aggravated by the peculiarities of online communication, which is characterized by “context collapse”: the merging of different audiences with different norms and values. Content posted on social media is searchable beyond a specific point in time and situation. If offline communication involves a foreseeable number of interlocutors, there is an “invisible audience” on social networks, which leads to information asymmetry. However, despite the fact that most users are aware of the potential dangers of privacy breaches, they share personal information on social networks. This phenomenon is called the privacy paradox. The reasons for this behavior are a lack of technical and social skills, a reluctance to spend time and energy on measures to minimize risks, a desire to have wide social connections and skepticism about the effectiveness of the efforts being made. The behavior of users on social networks is influenced primarily by factors such as age and education. The most concerned about the preservation of privacy are young people and middle-aged people, as they have to manage the most complex social relations.
Design of Sliding Correlator Channel Sounder for Ionospheric Channel Probing Based on Software Define Radio
Authors: Dear Varuliantor , Purwono Adi , Iskandar Iskandar , Kurniawan Adit , Abadi Prayitno
Published: January 2022

Observation of wireless channel using channel sounder method is needed in order to obtain the channel characteristics in the form of delay spread (Tm) and doppler spread (fD) parameters for optimizing the design of digital communication systems. This also applies to the ionosphere channels which are known to have dynamic properties in the time and place domains. The Sliding Correlator Channel Sounder technique known as a popular technique due to the advantage in the low level of complexity and relatively low cost. Similar to the advantages of the sliding correlator technique, Software Define Radio (SDR) device is one of the popular inexpensive platforms for implementing the communication system into the real world. The implementation of the sliding correlator channel sounder technique in the SDR platform will increase the advantages of the ionosphere channel measurement system that needed as an effort to obtain the dynamic of ionospheric channel characteristic information. However, the process of implementing a sliding correlator channel sounder system into the SDR device requires precise calculations to guarantee the designed system able to works according to the specifications of the SDR device and also meet the system performance targets. This paper discusses the design of a sliding correlator channel sounder system for observing the characteristics of ionosphere channels using SDR devices. The system design starts with the process of calculating the clock frequency generator bit (fchirp) based on the system performance target which refers to the recommendation of the ionospheric channel characteristics based on ITU-R F.1487 documents. Parallel with the calculation of the fchirp, the calculation of the Pseudo Noise (PN) bit length (L) based on the Dynamic Range (DR) value that meets with the specifications of the SDR hardware also carried out. Based on the obtained fchirp and L values, the calculation of other sliding correlator channel sounder parameters is performed with a limitation of a hardware specification and the target system performance. MATLAB simulation results show that the expected system performance can be met. This systems can also be realized significantly through the results of real signal transmission experiments conducted in a closed room laboratory
Customer Churn Analysis: Analyzing Customer Churn Determinants on an ISP Company in Indonesia
Authors: Salma Nisrina , Aprianingsih, Ph.D Atik
Published: January 2022

The growth of Internet Service Providers (ISP) in Indonesia, has led Indonesia to be one of the world’s fastest-growing telecommunications market. This condition derives a number of internet service providers pushing the Indonesian market massively one of them is HELOSEL (pseudonym). With this condition, ISP can suffer from a loss of valuable customers to competitors due to many attractive offers from the competitions or known as customer churn. Customer churn is one of the most pressing challenges in today's fast-paced and challenging telecom industry. The trend of customer churning in HELOSEL is increasing from month to month during the year of 2020 with the average churn rate of each month is 6,48%. To retain the HELOSEL customers’, company needs to know what kind of factors that could possibly affect the customer from churning. Hence, knowing the customer churn determinants in HELOSEL is essential for to prevent customer churn.
Comparative Analysis of Microwave Link Using Space and Hybrid Diversity Configuration on Mountain Topography Area
Authors: Wahyudin Ade , Hikmaturokhman Alfin
Published: January 2022

The development of information and communication technology (ICT) in Indonesia is increasing rapidly every year. However, this increase is not comparable to the distribution of technology in remote areas, especially areas with mountainous contours. So it takes a proper backhaul network design to deploy telecommunication services in remote areas. Microwave transmission technology is widely used as a backhaul network in mountainous areas because it can reach areas that are difficult to reach by fiber optic. However, multipath fading becomes a problem in microwave communication, so to solve it, we use the diversity configuration approach. Space diversity configuration is the system most often used, but in more extreme conditions it can use a hybrid diversity configuration which is a combination of space and frequency diversity. In this study, we designed and compared the performance of two types of diversity configurations, namely space and hybrid diversity in cross-mountainous areas using simulation software Pathloss 5.0. Before comparison, these paths were tested with a point-to-point configuration to assess microwave communication performance without diversity. Based on the simulation, the resulting cross-mountain microwave communication performance using point-to-point configuration results in 99.98179% availability and 5742.79 seconds unavailability in one year, these values are still far from the ITU-T G.821 standard, namely 99.99% availability. In the configuration using Space Diversity, the quality has increased, but it cannot meet ITU standards because it is only capable of producing 99.98333% to 99.98943% availability or comparable to un-availability for 5255.53 to 3332.48 seconds/year. Meanwhile, the hybrid diversity configuration can produce a performance that meets ITU standards with an availability of 99.99122% or equivalent to un-availability for 2769.79 seconds per year.
Study of Mobile Operator Readiness Measurement in Indonesia for 5G Technology Deployment
Authors: Ariyanti Sri , Slamet Alim Setiawan , Munandar Jono M
Published: January 2022

The readiness of mobile operators in implementing 5G technology is essential in providing an overview for the government regarding the level of readiness of mobile operators so that they can provide input for policies that the government will issue regarding the deployment of 5G technology in Indonesia. This study aims to measure the level of readiness of mobile operators in 5G technology deployment. The research method by measuring the readiness index of mobile operators includes infrastructure, spectrum, demand, revenue, and ARPU. Research data is secondary data obtained from the Ministry of Communication and Information Technology. The results showed that PT. Telkomsel is the readiest to deploy 5G in Indonesia. For the next rank, namely PT. XL-Axiata, PT. Indosat, PT. Smartfren, H3I, and the last one is PT. Sampoerna Telekomunikasi Indonesia (STI).
ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНАЯ СРЕДА И РАЗВИТИЕ ПОДРАСТАЮЩЕГО ПОКОЛЕНИЯ В УСЛОВИЯХ СЕКУЛЯРНОГО ОБЩЕСТВА (по материалам региональных Рождественских чтений «К 350-летию со дня рождения Петра I: секулярный мир и религиозность»)
Authors:   Бурятский республиканский институт образовательной политики, Гунсема Сандаковна Митыпова
Published: January 2022

В статье рассмотрены основополагающие вопросы духовно-нравственного воспитания в образовательной среде в контексте развития подрастающего поколения в условиях секулярного общества. Автор в статье поддерживает позицию иерархов Церкви в том, что сегодня изменился мир и человек, ценностная ориентация которой направлена в основном на потребление материальных благ. Объединение усилий в современном секулярном мире духовенства, родительской и учительской общественности, позволит развитию и формированию у современных детей четких нравственных критериев и ориентиров. Учительская общественность ставит в своей повседневной деятельности задачи необходимости объединения обучения и воспитания в целостный образовательный процесс на основе духовно-нравственных и социокультурных ценностей народов России.
Genotype-Guided Antiplatelet Therapy Versus Standard Therapy for Patients with Coronary Artery Disease: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Tang Borui , Wang Xin , Wang Xinrui , Liu Lihong , Ma Zhuo
Published: January 2022

Objective: Previous studies on the efficacy and safety of genotype-guided antiplatelet therapy in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) or undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) have been inconclusive. Aim: We conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate if the genotype-guided antiplatelet strategy is superior to the standard therapy in patients with CAD or undergoing PCI. Method: PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases were searched up to October 1st, 2021. Studies reporting efficacy and safety outcomes in the genotype-guided treatment and standard treatment groups were included. The two groups were statistically compared. Result: Eleven randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving 11740 patients were included in this meta-analysis. Compared with the standard treatment group, the genotype-guided group had significant lower risks of all efficacy outcomes, including major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) (RR 0.60, 95%, CI 0.44-0.82, P=0.001), all-cause death (RR 0.70, 95% CI 0.51-0.95, P=0.02), cardiovascular death (RR 0.71, 95% CI 0.53-0.95, P=0.02), myocardial infarction (RR 0.53, 95% CI 0.42-0.67, P<0.0001), stroke (RR 0.64, 95% CI 0.41-0.98, P=0.04), stent thrombosis (RR 0.63, 95% CI 0.43-0.91, P=0.01) and targeted vessel revascularization (RR 0.79, 95% CI 0.67-0.92, P=0.003). There was no significant difference in any bleeding events between the two groups. As a result of the subgroup analyses, the genotype-guided treatment was more likely to reduce the incidence of MACEs in the subgroup where the proportion of patients with ACS was ≥ 90%, and subgroup of the Chinese population. Conclusion: Genotype-guided antiplatelet treatment could reduce the risk of MACEs without increasing the risk of bleeding events as compared with the standard treatment in patients with CAD or those undergoing PCI. In addition, Genotype-guided antiplatelet treatment might benefit Chinese population or patients with ACS.
Protection against the Omicron and Subsequent Coronavirus Variants: Medical-grade Masking, Third Dose Vaccination, Updating Vaccines, and Pursuing Universal Vaccine
Authors: Shamabadi Ahmad , Akhondzadeh Shahin
Published: January 2022

The article's abstract is not available.
Non-gynaecological Applications of Menstrual-derived Stem Cells: A Systematic Review
Authors: Galea Claire , Riva Nicoletta , Calleja-Agius Jean
Published: January 2022

Menstrual-derived Stem Cells (MenSC) are a potential novel source of mesenchymal stem cells. There is an increased interest in investigating the therapeutic potential of MenSC due to the various advantages they exhibit, when compared to other types of stem cells. MenSC are obtained non-invasively from menstrual blood. Thus, collection of MenSC is simple, reproducible and can be carried out periodically, with minimal complications. MenSC are present in abundance, are highly proliferative, exhibit a low immunogenicity and lack ethical issues. MenSC have shown the ability to differentiate into several lineages. The therapeutic potential of MenSC in non-gynaecological applications has been investigated in wound healing, neurological, musculo-skeletal,  cardiovascular, respiratory, and liver disorders, as well as in diabetes and cancer. Human clinical trials are limited. To date, therapeutic efficacy and safety have been reported in patients with Avian influenza A subtype H7N9, COVID-19, congestive heart failure, multiple sclerosis and Duchene muscular dystrophy. However, further clinical trials in humans should be conducted, to study the long-term therapeutic effects of these stem cells in various diseases and to further explore their mechanism of action. This systematic review focuses on the application of MenSC in non-gynaecological diseases.
New Generation Vaccines for COVID-19 Based on Peptide, Viral Vector, Artificial Antigen Presenting Cell, DNA or mRNA
Authors: Rezaei Marzieh , Nazari Mahboobeh
Published: January 2022

At present, effective vaccines have been developed as the most successful approaches for preventing widespread infectious disease. The global efforts are focusing with the aim of eliminating and overcoming the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and are developing vaccines from the date it was announced as a pandemic disease. In this study, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Clinicaltrial.gov, WHO reports, Science Direct, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Springer databases were searched for finding the relevant studies about the COVID-19 vaccines. This article provides an overview of multiple vaccines that have been manufactured from December 2020 up to April 2021 and also offers a perspective on their efficacy, safety, advantages, and limitations. Currently, there are several categories of COVID-19 vaccines based on Protein Subunit (PS), Inactivated Virus (IV), Virus Like Particle (VLP), Live Attenuated Virus (LAV), Viral Vector (replicating) (VVr) and Viral Vector (non-replicating) (VVnr) in progress or finalized as indicated by the WHO reporting of April 1, 2020.
Genome Analysis of the Enterococcus faecium Entfac.YE Prophage
Authors: Elahi Yara , Mazaheri Nezhad Fard Ramin , Seifi Arash , Mahfouzi Saeideh , Saboor Yaraghi Ali Akbar
Published: January 2022

Background: Bacteriophages are viruses that infect bacteria. Bacteriophages are widely distributed in various environments. The prevalence of bacteriophages in water sources, especially wastewaters, is naturally high. These viruses affect evolution of most bacterial species. Bacteriophages are able to integrate their genomes into the chromosomes of their hosts as prophages and hence transfer resistance genes to the bacterial genomes. Enterococci are commensal bacteria that show high resistance to common antibiotics. For example, prevalence of vancomycin-resistant enterococci has increased within the last decades.
Methods: Enterococcal isolates were isolated from clinical samples and morphological, phenotypical, biochemical, and molecular methods were used to identify and confirm their identity. Bacteriophages extracted from water sources were then applied to isolated Enterococcus faecium (E. faecium). In the next step, the bacterial genome was completely sequenced and the existing prophage genome in the bacterial genome was analyzed.
Results: In this study, E. faecium EntfacYE was isolated from a clinical sample. The EntfacYE genome was analyzed and 88 prophage genes were identified. The prophage content included four housekeeping genes, 29 genes in the group of genes related to replication and regulation, 25 genes in the group of genes related to structure and packaging, and four genes belonging to the group of genes associated with lysis. Moreover, 26 genes were identified with unknown functions.
Conclusion: In conclusion, genome analysis of prophages can lead to a better understanding of their roles in the rapid evolution of bacteria.
Optimization of Expression and Purification of Recombinant Mouse plac1
Authors: Rahdan Shaghayegh , Razavi Seyed Alireza , Nazari Mahboobeh , Shojaeian Sorour , Shokri Fazel , Amiri Mohammad Mehdi , Ramezani Amin , Zarnani Amir-Hassan
Published: January 2022

Background: Placenta-specific 1 (PLAC1) is one of the recently-discovered Cancer-Testis-Placenta (CTP) antigen with restricted normal tissue and ectopic expression in a wide range of cancer cells from different histological origins. The production of recombinant human PLAC1 has already been optimized; however, no study has been reported so far on the production and purification of mouse plac1. In this study, mouse plac1 expression and purification was optimized in a prokaryotic system and the effects of the generated proteins on inducing humoral responses in mice were investigated.
Methods: A fusion protein containing full extracellular domain of mouse plac1, immunostimulatory peptides, tetanus toxin P2P30 and PADRE and KDEL3 signal (main plac1), and the same fragment without immunostimulatory peptides (control plac1) was produced. To optimize production and purification steps, different parameters including bacterial strain, cultivation temperature, cultivation time, IPTG concentration, culture medium, and also different buffers for purification of the recombinant proteins were tested. After confirming the identity of recombinant plac1 proteins with Western Blotting (WB) and ELISA assays, these proteins were subcutaneously injected in mice with Freund's adjuvant and the anti-plac1 antibody response was detected by ELISA.
Results: The optimal expression level of main and control plac1 was obtained in BL21 (DE3) and TB culture medium in the presence of 0.25 mM IPTG after 24 hr of induction at 15°C. The buffer containing 2% sarkosyl produced higher yield and purity. Our results showed specific reactivity of anti-human recombinant plac1 polyclonal antibody with both main and control plac1 recombinant proteins in WB and ELISA analysis. Both proteins induced humoral responses in mice; however, anti-plac1  antibody titer was significantly higher in sera of mice immunized with main compared to control plac1.
Conclusion: In this study, an optimized protocol for production and purification of mouse plac1 was reported and it was shown that insertion of immunostimulatory peptides in gene construct could efficiently enhance humoral immune responses against mouse plac1, which could potentially augment cellular immune responses against plac1 leading to more effective anti-cancer responses.