bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A PRISÃO COMO SISTEMA: OS INTERESSES DO CAPITALISMO E O ENGODO DA RESSOCIALIZAÇÃO
Authors: Freitas Marta , Nascimento Elaine , Pérez Adriana
Published: January 2024

The article deals with the emergence and forms of prison since Western modernity, its objectives and practices adapted according to the political, economic, social, cultural context and capitalist interests. It questions the purpose of the creation and maintenance of prisons. The objective of the work is to analyze what interests prison historically serves. The main planned and implemented prison models were presented; prison in capitalism and the discourse of social resocialization. The study is the result of a qualitative research approach, data collection was carried out through bibliographic and documentary review and the analytical method was dialectical historical materialism. The main authors used were Michael Foucault, Wacquant Loic, Aguirre Carlos, Bitencourt Cezar, Thompson Augusto and Baratta Alessandro. The results demonstrated that prison and punishment are reconfigured with each socioeconomic, historical, political or ideological transformation at different times and intersect according to capitalist interests. It was identified that prison is not capable of resocialize or reinstate, however, it controls a certain population and guarantees the maintenance of large capital.
Stability Analysis of First Order Integro-Differential Equations With the Successive Approximation Method
Authors: Jargess Abdul Wahid Abdulla Et al.
Published: January 2024

The Ulam stability theory provides a framework to provide the stability of functional equations, including integrodifferential equations. This manuscript focuses on the Ulam-stability analysis of the first-order integrodifferential equation. First-order integrodifferential equations combine differential and integral terms, making their analysis challenging and intriguing. The Ulam-stability concept investigates the behaviour of solutions under perturbations in the equation's inputs or initial conditions. It offers valuable insights into the long-term behaviour and robustness of the solutions in the presence of minor disturbances. The results obtained in this study contribute to the understanding of stability properties of first-order integrodifferential equations and provide a foundation for further research in this area. The Ulam stability analysis offers valuable insights into the behaviour of these equations, aiding in their application to diverse domains, including physics, engineering, and mathematical modeling.
Mathematical Modelling and Deep Learning: Innovations in E-Commerce Sentiment Analysis
Authors: Ashish Suresh Awate Et al.
Published: January 2024

This research explores e-commerce dynamics, focusing on the challenge of predicting customer churn using deep learning [65]. It integrates and analyses both textual and transactional data, including social media posts and customer feedback [59]. The approach uses an advanced deep learning model, involving data collection, pre-processing, and feature extraction [40]. Novel methods fuse data to create a detailed customer profile combining sentiment analysis with behavioural insights derived from transaction data [25]. The deep learning architecture is designed to analyse and predict customer sentiments and purchasing behaviours, informed by the latest research [65]. This study is significant as it provides an innovative solution for predicting customer churn in e-commerce, aiding sustainability [45]. It also enables targeted retention strategies and personalized customer engagement [59]. Additionally, it contributes insights to big data analytics and customer relationship management in e-commerce, showcasing deep learning's potential in transforming business practices and enhancing customer experience [40].
Nonlinear Dynamics of Complex Systems: Modeling and Analysis
Authors: C. Okeke Chibueze
Published: January 2024

Nonlinear dynamics plays a pivotal role in understanding and modeling complex systems. This article provides an overview of key concepts, methodologies, and recent advances in the modeling and analysis of nonlinear dynamics in complex systems.
Reclaiming Womanhood: Sexuality, Violence and Women with Disabilities
Authors: Chaturvedi Mukul
Published: January 2024

This paper addresses the issue of sexuality and violence and how they are inextricably linked in women with disabilities. Perceived by the family as well as the state to be vulnerable to sexual violence in terms of assault and rape, what remains under-examined in case of women with disabilities is the violence that is committed by not regarding them as sexual beings with desires for emotional and sexual fulfilment. By depriving them of roles that are available to able-bodied women and considering them as non-sexual beings, their humanity and dignity is compromised. Drawing from the field work with women with disabilities, the paper argues that despite family support, institutional rehabilitation and government initiatives, issues of sexuality, sexual identity, companionship, and reproductive rights of disabled women are often glossed over. The paper locates female experience of disability and sexuality in the larger context of feminist debates about the female body and argues that a rights-based approach will address the needs and aspirations of disabled women. Additionally, the paper also examines specific articles of United Nations Conventions on the Rights of Persons with disabilities (UNCRPD) that acknowledge the needs and aspirations of women with disabilities and their right to have a home and family.
Negotiating Disability Studies and Trauma Through Literature: A Critical Study of the Graphic Novel Mai by Sriram Jagannath
Authors: Ibrahim Mushrifa
Published: January 2024

The social construction of disability is an issue that needs to be analysed and examined in order to arrive at a proper understanding of the discipline. Disability studies from the beginning of its journey has undergone many changes of perspectives, from a medically determined categorisation to a social model of disability, thereby leading to a distinction between impairment and disability. In spite of these transitions, society still fails to possess a more sensitive attitude. Among different categories of reservation among government policies, we come across a category called “PWD” which means Persons with Disabilities. Although this categorisation is supposed to provide more opportunities to differently abled people but the nomenclature itself is derogatory. The objective of this paper is to analyse a Graphic novel Mai by Sriram Jagannath to find out how the issue of disability is received by the society and the efficacy of the graphic medium to bring about a change in perspective regarding people with disabilities.
Presencia africana y afrodescendiente en Chile: una contribución desde el patrimonio artístico de la zona centro-sur
Authors: Fuentes Alejandra
Published: January 2024

Este artículo investiga la presencia africana y afrodescendiente en la historia de Chile, a partir del estudio histórico y visual del patrimonio artístico de la zona centro-sur del país. Como resultado de un esfuerzo inédito de síntesis, presenta un catastro preliminar de las colecciones públicas y privadas que hoy resguardan obras cuyas representaciones remiten a sujetos de origen africano. Se registra un total de 139 piezas bidimensionales y tridimensionales, las que son categorizadas en función de criterios morfológicos, temporales, institucionales e iconográficos. Ello permite dar cuenta de su relevancia para la identidad chilena actual y para los estudios afrolatinoamericanos impulsados cada vez con mayor fuerza en la región.
Rebelión encarnada: escrituras de obreras anarquistas en Chile a principios del siglo xx
Authors: Alvarado Gattas Natalia
Published: January 2024

Este artículo aborda las escrituras de obreras anarquistas publicadas en el periódico Verba Roja durante 1919, interpretando la centralidad que le confieren al cuerpo, para representar su existencia en el doble sistema de explotación capitalista/patriarcal. A partir de esto, se atienden las resistencias epistemológicas que adquiere la tematización de la corporalidad, asimilándola como una materia subjetiva, intervenida por el control político del contexto, pero a la vez, configurándola como la materia desde la cual se podría subvertir la opresión sistematizada en la modernidad.
Eurocentrismo en la enseñanza de Asia Oriental: El caso de los textos escolares en Chile
Authors: González Nicolás , Kim Soonbae
Published: January 2024

Con el objetivo de abordar la influencia del eurocentrismo en el relato historiográfico educativo chileno sobre Asia Oriental, este trabajo realizó una caracterización preliminar de las representaciones sobre aquella región que se encuentran en los textos escolares de Chile. Basado en el análisis de los textos desde 1° Básico a 4° Medio de las asignaturas de “Historia, Geografía y Ciencias Sociales” y “Educación Ciudadana”, se elaboró un diagnóstico del conocimiento entregado sobre China, Japón y Corea del Sur. A partir de este análisis se obtuvieron dos resultados principales: 1) Asia Oriental es un contenido historiográfico que se estudia como un complemento de la Historia Universal y 2) Asia Oriental se presenta como una historia local fragmentada. Se concluyó que la enseñanza de Asia Oriental es dependiente de un discurso eurocéntrico, lo que nos invita a estudiar alternativas a la representación subordinada de la región.
Glioblastoma multiforme mimicking frontotemporal dementia: A case report
Authors: Orsini Marco , de Freitas Marcos RG , Cezar Vieira Paulo , Melo Reis Carlos Henrique , Vieira Gabriela , da Silva Catharino Antônio Marcos
Published: January 2024

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and aggressive primary brain tumor in adults. In this case a 57-year-old male patient had cognitive decline, visual dysfunction, and memory loss. He is not able to interact during the medical consultation. The brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) showed an infiltrative and expansive lesion compressing the third ventricle and extending to midbrain to the left. The anatomopathological report concluded the diagnosis of Grade IV glioblastoma and the patient will undergo to surgical intervention.
Effect of pre-sowing treatments on the propagation of Schleichera oleosa (LOUR.) Oken
Authors: C.H. Bhargavi , Singh Lalji , Milkuri Chiranjeeva Reddy , Mhaiskar Priya Rajendra , Varma D. Ravi , Manasa M.  , Ooha M.  , Rajashekar P.
Published: January 2024

Seeds of kusum (Schleichera oleosa) exhibits physical and physiological dormancy.A study on “Effect of presowing treatments on the propagation of Schleichera oleosa” was conducted during 2021-22.Kusum seeds were subjected to nine treatments which includes GA3 (100, 300, 500, 1000 ppm), H2 SO4 (3, 5, 10 min) and cold stratification for improving their germination and growth performance by breaking dormancy exhibited by seed in the present study. Various germination parameters viz germination and survival percentage, germination energy, germination period and growth parameters like root length, shoot length, number of leaves, collar diameter, dry weight of shoot and root, shoot: root ratio for seedlings were observed. GA3 of 1000 ppm for 24 hours reported highest germination percentage, survival percentage, germination energy, dry weight of shoot and root and shoot: root for Schleichera oleosa while root length, shoot length, number of leaves, collar diameter were significantly higher with GA3 of 100 ppm for 24 hours treatment.
Experimental Studies on Paver Block Concrete Using Granite and Kota Stone Waste with Environment Affect on Strength
Authors: Goutam Ravi , Singh Dr. Yuvraj
Published: January 2024

The numerous stone wastes produced by the various processes in the stone industries are used to create convenient forms of stone. From the primary surplus, known as stone dust it is taken out to substitute the confident quantity of cement consumption in concrete due to its least price. By utilizing trash from the building industry, the issue of disposing of stone waste can be efficiently solved. In the current investigation, Kota stone chips and granite chips utilized in place of aggregate to examine the effects on various characteristics of the concrete mixtures. The characteristics of typical Kota stone and Granite chips in M25 concrete blocks are discussed in this study. Compressive strength, a crucial aspect of concrete, is discussed in the paper. The study shows that adding Kota stone debris to concrete had a good effect by making it stronger and more durable when done correctly.This is the first phase of the study in which kota stone waste is replaced with coarse aggregates to check the suitability of the waste with natural aggregates. It will help for further study.
Green Consumerism and Sustainability Tourism Marketing: A Systematic Bibliometric Review
Authors: Vaid Jatin
Published: January 2024

Purpose: The growing awareness about climate change and environment has a perceived impact on consumer behaviour. The change is observed in a greater focus on green consumerism in the tourism industry, which in turn has led a large number of researchers to study this area. The purpose of this research is to provide a comprehensive analysis of the present and future state of research in the domain of green consumerism and sustainable marketing of tourism. Design/ Methodology/ Approach: A comprehensive list of journal publications, conference papers, corporate reports and relevant books were analysed using Systematic Literature Review consisting of bibliometric review, citation analysis, co-citation analysis and co-occurrence of keyword analysis. Findings: The findings of this research would assist government departments, policymakers, and senior management at hotels to focus better on niche aspects of green consumer behaviour and strategize their marketing initiatives to be sustainable. Research Limitations: Limitations may exist due to study search strings used, which may not be exhaustive to include all relevant studies in the analysis. Practical Implications: Sustainability in marketing of tourism products may get the desired impetus from government policies through a strong strategic intent. Originality/ Value: This research paper presents an original work in terms of comprehensively analysing the most relevant research studies through systematic literature review.
Recent Advancements in Lignin Valorization, Bioengineering, Catalysis and Biorefining
Authors: Yue Dong Madeleine Wang
Published: January 2024

Most of the research studies in the field of lignin valorization has been achieved on lignin from paper and pulp industries. The key merit of utilizing lignin from the facilities is that resources are already centralized, and the costs of transportation to further process are fundamentally less compared to possible sources. Biomass composed of lignin, hemicelluloses, and cellulose (also known as lignocellulosic biomass) is both plentiful and renewable. The three polymer groups may be isolated and chemically transformed to provide a wide variety of bio-generated value-added materials, chemical, and fuels. To maximize the value of the biomass feedstock as a whole, it is best to extract these products via a streamlined, integrated models of pathways concerned with catalytic reactions i.e., bio-refinery. In this article, upstream processing is analyzed in depth, including the phenylpropanoid route, bioengineered lignins, and lignin bioengineering. The last section addresses the difficulties inherent in lignin bioengineering from a technical and practical standpoint.
Strategi Pembelajaran Berbasis Proyek dalam Meningkatkan Kreativitas Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Nikolaos Nikolaos , Arifianto Yonatan Alex , Triposa Reni
Published: January 2024

Abstract: The aim of this research is to analyze the application of the project-based learning model to increase the creativity of elementary school students. This research uses a descriptive qualitative method with a literature and narrative study approach. So it can be concluded that the project-based learning model in increasing the creativity of students in elementary schools found that teachers must understand and have an understanding of learning strategies because project-based learning is a student-centered approach where students actively develop their knowledge through practice and application of ideas. new. Students engage in problem-solving projects that are important for future employment through research, hypothesis, discussion and testing of new ideas. And of course what is expected is that teachers must also prepare various forms and ways of delivering material even though in general teachers have ways and patterns of teaching in the classroom and outside the classroom.
Abstrak: Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis penerapan model pembelajaran berbasis proyek untuk meningkatkan kreativitas siswa sekolah dasar. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskritif dengan pendekatan studi pustaka dan naratif.  Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa model pembelajaran berbasis proyek dalam meningkatkan kreativitas nara didik pada Sekolah Dasar ditemukan guru harus memahami dan memiliki Pengertian tentang strategi pembelajaran sebab Pembelajaran berbasis proyek merupakan pendekatan yang berpusat pada siswa di mana siswa secara aktif mengembangkan pengetahuannya melalui praktik dan penerapan ide-ide baru. Siswa terlibat dalam proyek pemecahan masalah yang penting untuk pekerjaan masa depan melalui penelitian, hipotesis, diskusi dan pengujian ide-ide baru. Dan tentunya yang diharapkan bahwa guru juga harus menyiapkan berbagai bentuk dan cara menyampaikan materi meskipun pada umunya guru memiliki cara dan pola mengajar didalam kelas maupun diluar kelas.
A case study on the evolution of rigid zones within the permanent two-dimensional Herschel-Bulkley fluid flow
Authors: Elalem Messaouda , Taibi Hadi , Messelmi Farid , Rabehi Abdelaziz
Published: January 2024

The formation and development of undeformed regions during the flow of viscoplastic fluids can significantly affect fluid flow behaviour. They can impair the efficiency and effectiveness of industrial operations that use viscoplastic fluids. This paper uses numerical analysis to examine the emergence of rigid zones during non-stationary Herschel-Bulkley fluid flow across a square plate. The impact of pressure and yield stress on the behaviour of rigid zones over time is explored, and the development of the rigid zone area is shown. This work produced mathematical correlations that describe the relationship between the area of rigid zones and both the time of flow and the yield stress, as well as the area of rigid zones and the stagnation time.
Inovação em MEI’s do segmento de serviços: um estudo no centro sul do Paraná
Authors: Santos Caroline Coradassi Almeida , Menon Rozeli Aparecida , Fernandes Ana Claudia de Batista
Published: January 2024

Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar os aspectos inovadores dos Microempreendedores Individuais (MEI) no segmento de serviços, destacando a percepção da relevância desses elementos na condução do crescimento e desenvolvimento dos negócios para otimizar as oportunidades oferecidas pelo mercado. A pesquisa visa mensurar e analisar o perfil inovador dos Microempreendedores Individuais no setor de prestação de serviços em Guarapuava, no Paraná. A abordagem adotada é quantitativa, com a aplicação de questionários para a coleta de dados, contemplando uma amostra de aproximadamente 150 MEIs da região. Utilizam-se categorias específicas para compreender os tipos de inovações, como inovação incremental ou radical, nos âmbitos de produto, processo, marketing e organizacional. As dimensões consideradas no questionário para atribuição de resultados abrangem o grau de inovação, desempenho, tecnologia utilizada, resultados esperados e resultados alcançados. A análise dos dados coletados revelou que muitos empreendedores buscam informações e aprendizado relacionados aos aspectos de inovação, visando garantir melhores resultados para suas empresas.
Inventário de saberes como ferramenta para autonomia do sujeito aprendente: contribuições a partir de um estudo exploratório
Authors: Cruz Annebelle Pena Lima Magalhães , Cruz Luiz Marcelo Magalhães , Lima Maria José Costa , Da Silva Anderson Lincoln Vital
Published: January 2024

O inventário de saberes é um mecanismo de autotomia do aprendente em sala de aula. Contudo, os debates teóricos e práticos acerca do inventário de saberes ainda são insuficientes. O docente enfrenta um grande desafio, pois não é comum que os projetos pedagógicos incluam o inventário de saberes como ferramenta. Assim, o que é inventário de saberes? E como ocorre as contribuições do inventário de saberes para autonomia do sujeito aprendente? O objetivo do estudo versa em descrever e discutir o conceito e as contribuições teóricas e práticas do inventário de saberes como ferramenta da relação ensino-aprendizagem. Adotou-se nessa pesquisa o método exploratório, pois ele objetiva investigar uma temática pouco abordada; é uma pesquisa tipo bibliográfica que focou a construção da base teórica de Piaget sobre autonomia do sujeito. Teve inclinação qualitativa, que buscou compreender e interpretar os fenômenos sobre o inventário de saberes. O inventário de saberes é um registro dos conhecimentos, habilidades e experiências prévias que um sujeito aprendente possui antes de se envolver em um processo de aprendizagem. Constatou-se que o inventário de saberes evidenciado neste estudo contribuiu para demarcar a autonomia dos sujeitos aprendentes em seu próprio local de vivência, bem como a sua comunidade. Através sua aplicação a autonomia do sujeito aprendente ocorre de várias maneiras: consciência das habilidades existentes, autoconfiança, construção de pontes entre conhecimentos, planejamento personalizado e aprendizagem autodirigida.
Projeção dos casos de COVID-19 no Brasil e a relação com a cadeia de suprimentos da soja em Mato Grosso do Sul
Authors: Ruviaro Clândio Favarini , Vanzela Matheus , Delai Ana Paula Dalmagro , De Jesus Marcelo Chaves
Published: January 2024

A relação econômica entre os efeitos epidemiológicos e de gestão da pandemia de COVID-19 na etapa de colheita da soja em Mato Grosso do Sul são discutidos neste trabalho. Um modelo matemático epidemiológico foi utilizado para projetar os períodos de maior pico de infectados pelo vírus. A partir destes resultados avaliou-se o impacto na cadeia de suprimentos da soja, para o estado de Mato Grosso do Sul, da variação nos preços do diesel devido aos choques de oferta e demanda provocados pela pandemia. O modelo epidemiológico proposto é conhecido na literatura como SIR (Suscetíveis – Infectados – Removidos), foram aplicados dados de contágio para as características do Brasil, atualizando as previsões que, durante o início da pandemia, utilizavam parâmetros internacionais. Os resultados ejetados com o modelo epidemiológico associam-se ao levantamento de como as reduções no preço praticado para o diesel afetaram os agentes envolvidos com a colheita e distribuição da cadeia de suprimentos da soja. Os resultados da pesquisa apontaram que grande parte dos produtores no estado de Mato Grosso do Sul estavam no momento de colheita da soja durante o movimento de redução nos preços do combustível; devido à etapa de colheita e distribuição serem intensivas no uso de diesel, avaliou-se que houve impacto positivo para a cadeia de suprimentos da soja da ordem d 4,6 milhões de reais em nível estadual. De acordo com as conclusões do estudo, os produtores não absorveram de forma equânime tanto os efeitos positivos quanto os efeitos deletérios da pandemia.
The hereditary abnormalities and genetic therapy of BCM
Authors: Zhang Qingyao
Published: January 2024

Blue cone monochromia is a visual disorder caused by genetic mutation, which is a single gene genetic disease thus very suitable for gene therapy. With this technique, mutations in patients' opsin genes can be repaired, thereby restoring their visual recognition of red and green. Compared with traditional treatment methods, gene therapy has obvious advantages in improving curative effect and is expected to achieve a radical cure of the disease. However, gene therapy still faces some challenges and limitations, such as technical validation, cost and accessibility issues. This review focuses on the progress of gene diagnosis and treatment technology in recent years and its application to blue cone monochromatic diseases. Further research and clinical practice will show more support and validation for the development of this treatment, thus providing patients with better treatment options.
Analysis Of Factors Affecting Bird Identification Mechanisms and Suggestions for Environmental Protection
Authors: Liu Xike
Published: January 2024

Recognition, happening between species, kin, neighbors, and mates, is the basis of most animal interactions such as mating, food provisioning, and territory protection. The identification accuracy of conspecifics is facilitated by some factors but impeded by others, such as the cost of acquiring and memorizing social information. Avians primarily use vocal and visual identity signals to recognize other individuals, such as the general song characteristics or spot patterns on the feathers. By analyzing the identification context, signature production, and signal perception and response, the article reviews recent works to recommend environmental conservation approaches from the perspective of bird identification. Factors including sex, behavioral context, vocalization types, distance, and cognitive cost are demonstrated in their influence on recognition, and the lack of research on visual recognition does not indicate the more adaptive and complex nature of vocal recognition. Furthermore, the review encourages reducing anthropogenic effects on noise, light, and climate; avoiding behavioral disturbance; and restoring natural habitats. The review provides insights into the current state of individual animal recognition research by organizing the main findings of recent studies.
The importance of vultures for ecological stability and human society
Authors: Ta Linangqin
Published: January 2024

As human society continues to evolve and advance, urbanization has become increasingly prevalent in various countries. Consequently, the natural environment is confronted with a growing array of challenges. It is imperative for individuals to enhance awareness of the significance of vultures to both humanity and the natural environment. This essay will primarily elucidate the significance of vultures, encompassing their role within human culture and the natural environment. Research has indicated that vultures possess a scarcity as significant, sizable scavengers within the natural environment. They play a crucial role in impeding the spread of infectious diseases arising from deceased organisms, while also expediting the progression of vital ecological cycles, such as the carbon and nitrogen cycles. Vultures play a significant role in agricultural growth by aiding in the disposal of animal carcasses. Furthermore, due to their longstanding coexistence with humans, vultures have acquired symbolic significance in various religious traditions worldwide, representing spiritual potency. The significance of human beings is widely acknowledged in numerous geographical areas. Enhanced focus on vultures is vital for safeguarding the growth of their population, facilitating the expeditious advancement of science and technology, mitigating ecological harm, and upholding the symbiotic coexistence of humanity and the natural world.
Clinical challenges and strategies on delivery of Oncolytic Virus
Authors: Zhang Xiyuan
Published: January 2024

Oncolytic Virus therapy, including HSV-1 and adenovirus, is a new type of tumour immunotherapy that uses specific viruses to directly kill tumour cells or to induce the body's intrinsic and acquired immunity to generate anti-tumour immune responses. In addition, Oncolytic Virus is capable of recruiting immune cells to improve the tumour microenvironment, so the development of The clinical significance of oncolytic virus therapy lies in its potential to enhance the efficacy of other immunotherapeutic approaches. However, the delivery of Oncolytic Virus in current clinical trials has huge defects, which greatly limits the benefits of Oncolytic Virus and even produces certain side effects. Therefore, this review discusses the definition and mechanism of Oncolytic Virus and focuses on the defects in Oncolytic Virus delivery, such as systemic delivery and intratumoural delivery. Further, this review also summarizes some improvement strategies against the challenges of intratumoural heterogeneity and vascular complexity.
Coordinating Poly(I:C) and Aluminum within Liposomal Vesicles for Enhanced Innate Immune Activation
Authors: Zhong Ning
Published: January 2024

PolyIC is a double-stranded RNA formed by two complementary ribonucleic acid chains: inosine and cytidine. It is a synthetic analog RNA that mimics the viral genome. PolyIC can activate downstream signal pathways to trigger interferon (IFNs) production after it is uptaken by antigen presenting cells and recognized by the Toll-like receptors (TLRs) located in the endosomal system. The productions of interferon have the functions such as enhancing antigen presentation and immune modulation, and stimulating innate immune responses. However, the delivery of PolyIC into tumors is hampered by RNases present in physiological conditions, which leads to enzymatic degradation. To address the delivery challenge, we encapsulated and stabilized the PolyIC into liposomes, which are lipid-bilayer nanoparticles that enclose and carry drugs inside the core, using the coordination of metals and phosphate on ribose. By using aluminum as the coordination metal, an adjuvant often used with vaccines to enhance immunity, we found that PolyIC synergized with coordinating aluminum to activate macrophages and increase the production of interferons. The results proved that the coordinating liposomes Al-PolyIC allowed for evasion from enzymatic degradation and enhancement of innate immune response.
Harnessing Hydrogels for Precise Cancer Therapy: Innovations and Applications
Authors: Xie Yushan
Published: January 2024

Hydrogels, characterized by hydrophilic networks and ECM-like structures, serve as versatile platforms for drug delivery and tumor microenvironment (TME) modeling. They enable precise drug administration, minimize side effects, and enhance therapeutic efficacy. Intratumoral delivery strategies using smart hydrogels offer targeted drug release, while in vitro TME models replicate complex interactions. Additionally, an innovative injectable hydrogel strategy reshapes the adenosinergic axis, converting immunosuppressive adenosine to immune-enhancing inosine. The S@ABD hydrogel demonstrates remarkable potential in reversing the axis, amplifying Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) release, and reshaping the TME, promising effective cancer therapy. In summary, this review highlights the transformative role of hydrogels in cancer treatment, hydrogels redefine cancer research and therapy paradigms, holding the key to personalized and potent treatments.
Molecular Pathogenesis and Histological Variability of Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans
Authors: Chen Xianglong
Published: January 2024

Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) is a kind of infrequent tumor of the soft tissues distinguished by its gradual proliferation and a preference for regional reoccurrence, despite its limited capacity for metastasis. At the molecular level, a significant majority of DFSP cases manifest the t (17;22) (q22; q13) chromosomal translocation, resulting in the fusion of the collagen type I alpha chain (COL1A1) gene and platelet-derived growth factor B chain (PDGFB) gene. This fusion results in PDGFB overexpression, consequently activating the PDGF Receptor-beta (PDGFR-β). The activated PDGFR-β serves as a central nexus for numerous intracellular signaling pathways, initiating cascades including Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt, Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), and STATs pathways. These cascades collectively enhance DFSP cell growth, proliferation, and invasiveness. Histologically, DFSP tumors are predominantly fibroblastic and display distinct immune cell infiltration patterns in their microenvironment. Elevated expression of CD4+ naïve cells, CD4+ Th2 cells, CD8+ central memory T cells, B cells, and macrophages is evident, while levels of CD4+ central memory T cells and eosinophils are diminished. Immunohistochemical analyses further highlight that most DFSP cells exhibit positive cytoplasmic CD34 expression, whereas factor XIIIa and α-smooth muscle actin are notably absent. Clinically, DFSP presents in diverse subtypes, each characterized by its unique histological profile. Prominent subtypes encompass classic DFSP, fibrosarcomatous DFSP (FS-DFSP), pigmented DFSP, giant cell fibroblastoma, myxoid DFSP, atrophic DFSP, and the granular cell variant. This review aspires to deliver an exhaustive insight into DFSP, accentuating its molecular underpinnings and clinical presentation, with the ultimate goal of advancing our understanding and management of this distinct dermatological entity.
Effects of Baduanjin on balance and walking function in stroke survivors
Authors: Dong Pu
Published: January 2024

OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to systematically assess the impacts of the Baduanjin exercise on the balance and walking ability of stroke survivors. METHODS: A search for relevant randomized controlled trials was carried out in three Chinese and English electronic databases. RESULTS: Eight randomized controlled trials were included in this study. By analyzing the results of the eight trials, it was found that Baduanjin exercise could significantly help stroke survivors balance in later rehabilitation. Additionally, Baduanjin exercise can effectively improve the ability of daily living and cognitive function, thus improving living quality. CONCLUSION: The findings suggest that Baduanjin may be a beneficial rehabilitation technique for improving balance, motor, trunk and neurological function, activities of daily living and overall living quality in stroke survivors. However, the results pertaining to improvements in walking function associated with Baduanjin remain inconclusive. Further high quality RCTs are needed to validate these findings.
Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-derived Cardiomyocytes Treatment for Coronary Heart Disease
Authors: Yang Yuanyuan
Published: January 2024

In the past few decades, stem cell therapy made remarkable progress in the medical field, demonstrating significant potential in the treatment of various diseases. Particularly, for cardiovascular disorders such as coronary heart disease (CHD), research has indicated that stem cell transplantation holds promise as an effective clinical therapeutic approach. Human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes, as a crucial cardiac cell type, have garnered widespread interest in cardiovascular disease research and the exploration of cardiac cell-based therapies. These cells can be cultured in vitro and are envisioned as an innovative avenue for treating heart ailments through transplantation. By culturing a substantial number of PSC-CMs ex vivo, potentially in conjunction with other cardiovascular cell types or progenitors, and subsequently transplanting them to the damaged region of the heart, myocardial regeneration and restoration of cardiac function can be achieved. Nevertheless, despite the significant potential of PSC-CMs, further in-depth research and validation are essential before considering their clinical application, as several critical challenges need to be addressed. This paper primarily focuses on the latest advancements and limitations concerning the use of PSC-CMs in the treatment of CHD, unveiling opportunities and hurdles in cardiac regenerative medicine.
Development of monoclonal antibodies targeting Her-2 and EGFR in the treatment of breast cancer
Authors: Mao Yan , Zhao Hanyu , Zhu Xixi
Published: January 2024

Breast cancer is the highest incidence of female cancer malignant tumors, the global incidence of breast cancer is about 12%, and the mortality rate is about 7%. For patients with breast cancer, surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, endocrine therapy, and immunotherapy are often used. Throughout history, monoclonal antibodies have revolutionized the breast cancer treatment patients. Her-2 and EGFR antibodies have been particularly important. Cetuximab and panizumab can block EGFR ligand binding, thereby preventing EGFR from functioning. Trastuzumab and pertuzumab are anti-Her-2 monoantibodies that have been clinically proven to be effective. Although endocrine therapy and anti-Her-2 targeted therapy have achieved certain results, these treatments are effective for all patients and have certain side effects. This paper examines the effects of five specific monoclonal antibodies on breast cancer, including benefits, drawbacks, and side effects, using clinical trial materials and academic papers published since 2001. This paper emphasizes Her-2 antibodies and breast cancer, as well as the role of specific Her-2 and EGFR antibodies.
Research progress of exosome biosensors
Authors: Zeng Yingchi
Published: January 2024

At present, cancer is still an important cause of high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Early diagnosis has become the key to improving the cure rate and life quality of patients. Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles that play important roles in intercellular communication. Exosomes contain a variety of biomarkers, such as DNA, RNA, proteins, lipids, and metabolites, which reflect the state of the parent cell. Since exosomes affect tumorigenesis and metastasis in cancer patients, they are excellent non-invasive potential indicators for early cancer detection. In addition, the growing understanding of the structure and function of cancer marker exosomes provides new solutions for early cancer detection. Nowadays, the main cancer screening methods (ultrasound, nuclear magnetic resonance, tissue biopsy, etc.) are expensive, time-consuming, and require professionals to operate imaging, etc. Exosome biosensors have become effective tools for early cancer diagnosis due to their advantages of simple operation and cost-effectiveness. Therefore, based on the structure and function of exosomes, this study summarizes the research progress of different types of biosensor detection, discusses the characteristics of current biosensors, and looks forward to future research trends.
Immunomodulatory Mechanism of Coronary Heart Disease and Related Therapeutic Applications and Prospects
Authors: Chang Aiqin , Xu Hanzhe , Yu Fangning
Published: January 2024

Coronary heart disease is a type of heart disease caused by stenosis or occlusion of the coronary artery lumen. The typical symptoms are chest pain, chest tightness, and aggravation after activity. It is divided into two categories, chronic coronary disease (CAD) and acute coronary syndrome (ACS). The pathological basis of CHD is coronary atherosclerosis, immune factors (cellular immunity, humoral immunity, autoimmunity, complement system, cytokines, adhesion molecules and apoptosis, etc.) are involved in the formation and development of atherosclerosis. So far, its pathogenesis has not been fully understood and there is no effective and specific drug treatment in clinic. This article is based on existing literature and research on the impact of immune regulation on coronary heart disease. To investigate the role of the immune system in the treatment of atherosclerosis, we analyzed the causes of atherosclerosis. Through literature search, this paper found the influence of infectious, autoimmune and chemical factors on atherosclerosis, and sought corresponding treatment methods for the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular injuries caused by these factors.
Spatial Transcriptome: Variable Genes Identification Methods
Authors: Wang Tianyi
Published: January 2024

Single-cell RNA (scRNA) sequencing permits the characterization of distinct cellular conditions through the analysis of transcriptomes. Contrasted with bulk sequencing, single-cell methods reveal detailed gene expression, exposing cellular heterogeneity and enabling deep exploration of development and disease. Recently, spatial transcriptomics (ST) emerges and focuses on tissue-level gene expression patterns to capture spatial gene expression profiles. The paper compares and contrasts the approaches currently used to find genes that are differently expressed in ST. This article discusses three noteworthy analysis methods, SpatialDE, BOOST-GP, and CTSV, considers their drawbacks, and suggests new routes for improvement. The purpose of this paper is to provide useful guidelines for performing differential analysis in future ST research by a thorough overview of various techniques. Future research should aim for flexible models, accurate analyses, and richer biological insights. These efforts will enhance comprehension of spatiotemporal gene regulation, illuminate tissue-cell interactions, and advance health and disease studies. This paper is devoted to expanding ST's contribution to life sciences.
Recent Study of Artifact Elimination in EEG Signals
Authors: He Mingxuan
Published: January 2024

The progress of electroencephalography (EEG) has promoted this technology to be widely used in various fields such as computer science, medical engineering, and signal processing because of its non-invasiveness and low cost. However, the quality of EEG recordings may be degraded due to the introduction of artifacts, which has a non-negligible negative impact on subsequent operations. Artifacts are unwanted signals that vary in their source, such as muscular, ocular, and cardiac ones. Many studies have proposed methods to remove artifacts from EEG signals, from the classic ones including filtering, empirical mode decomposition, and blind source separation to the recent frequent introduction of neural networks. This work reviews the highly influential publications in the past 5 years to update the latest headways. Based on the survey of essays and papers, we notice hybrid methods with the greatest proportion.  Besides, not only do we discover the development and advancement of the typical methods of signal processing mentioned, but we also find that machine learning techniques are becoming more prevailing and effective for artifact removal. Moreover, we observe that recent works have proposed integrated architectures and blockchain solutions to address the problem globally, regardless of the type of artifact.
Possible Relevance between Evolution of Human Bones and Behaviors
Authors: Xu Yexiang
Published: January 2024

Throughout the course of human evolutionary history, a distinct species diverged from early primate ancestors, which belongs to the apes clade. Humans have undergone remarkable morphological transformations that enabled them to successfully adapt to their surroundings, resulting in enhanced fitness and positioning them as the predominant species on Earth. This research centers on the progression of human evolution by presenting diverse sections of the evolutionary progression: spanning from quadrupedalism to bipedalism, from basic behaviors to advanced capabilities, and the corresponding adaptations that accompanied these behavioral shifts. Considering the synthesizing insights from various perspectives, the evolution of humans appears an exceptionally fortunate phenomenon. The primary purpose of this paper is establishing a focal point for future investigations on human evolution. Nevertheless, fractional and scattered fossil records and interpretation of behavior are the two major difficulties when studying human evolution. Many transitional forms of bones, for example, may never be fossilized, and those that have been preserved are often found in small, isolated fragments, making it challenging to reconstruct the complete story of human evolutionary history. Moreover, behavior does not fossilize, so researchers must rely on indirect evidence such as tool use, symbolic artifacts, and morphological features to study the human evolution of behaviors.
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Generalization and Clinical Treatments
Authors: Jiang Yichen , Xiao Bohan
Published: January 2024

Women of child-bearing age are concerned about multiple risks within the gestational period of which the gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is commonly concerned; therefore, generalization of GDM urges to be brought into public view. However, diagnosis criteria and treatment of GDM still lack of standardization and public awareness. GDM first appears after pregnancy due to abnormalities in maternal glucose metabolism which are common complications of pregnancy. The prevalence of GDM is rising worldwide as diagnostic criteria change, and GDM, although it does not have obvious symptoms, can have serious instant and long-lasting complications on both the mother and fetus. Therefore, a detailed guideline is necessary. In order to clarify and synthesize a comprehensive picture of the pathology of GDM and the corresponding treatment options, this article summarizes the background, causes, diagnosis criteria, consequences, and different treatments of GDM. As a result, selective screening associated with oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT) is the most preferred diagnosis criteria. A collaborative treatment is the most effective approach that causes the least complications.
Advancements, Challenges, and Future Directions of Stem Cell Therapies in Skin Cancer
Authors: Li Yuehan
Published: January 2024

Skin cancer, one of the most prevalent malignancies worldwide, remains a significant challenge for global healthcare systems. Despite the availability of numerous treatments, many patients face suboptimal outcomes and a range of adverse effects. In the quest for more effective therapeutic strategies, attention has turned to stem cells, renowned for their unique ability to differentiate and regenerate. These attributes position them as potential game-changers in skin cancer therapeutics. This comprehensive review delves into the multifaceted world of skin stem cells, exploring their diverse types and the roles they play in tissue repair and regeneration. The current landscape of stem cell utilization in skin cancer therapy is examined, highlighting inherent limitations and proposing innovative solutions. By looking into future advancements, the review offers a panoramic view of stem cell applications across various global contexts. The aim is to amalgamate the existing body of knowledge, pinpoint areas awaiting further exploration, and pave the way for more effective strategies in skin cancer management.
Laws Of Wildlife Protection Through Negative Relationship of People and Wildlife
Authors: Li Yiming
Published: January 2024

Animals need space to live freely in their natural habitats without undue human interference or encroachment. As human development expands, habitat loss is a major threat to animal survival and reproduction. It is important to maintain safe and undisturbed refuge areas in places of migration. In turn, humans need residential and agricultural space, and it is ultimately optimal for the two to remain undisturbed by each other. The problems of animals destroying crops/property and humans harming animals in conflict should be avoided as much as possible through preventive measures and non-lethal deterrents. Laws around issues like compensation, population control, and responsibilities help foster an organized, balanced relationship with defined roles for governments, farmers. Overall, a collaborative, planned approach respecting needs on both sides leads to the most harmonious and sustainable human-wildlife interactions long term. However, unchecked expansion also disrupts ecosystems and brings humans and animals into closer contact, raising conflict risks. However, unchecked expansion also disrupts ecosystems and brings humans and animals into closer contact, raising conflict risks.