bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH HASIL BELAJAR PEMASARAN ONLINE DAN HASIL BELAJAR KEWIRAUSAHAAN TERHADAP KINERJA PENJUALAN ONLINE PESERTA DIDIK SMK NEGERI SURABAYA
Authors: Effendi Hari
Published: November 2017

This study aimed to analyze whether there is influence learning outcomes online marketing on the performance of online sales, to analyze whether there is influence learning outcomes of entrepreneurship on the performance of online sales and analyze whether there is influence learning outcomes online marketing and entrepreneurship simultaneously on the performance of online sales is applied to learners class 10 SMK Field of expertise Business Management, Marketing Package expertise in Surabaya. The research was conducted in the second semester of 2014 - 2015 with this quantitative approach, the students SMK Surabaya, namely SMK 10, SMK Negeri 4 and SMK Negeri 1 Surabaya with a sample of 135 learners. Based on the results of data analysis, it can be concluded that there is a significant influence on the results of online marketing learning online sales performance, there is a significant effect on the performance of entrepreneurial learning outcomes online sales, there is a significant effect simultaneously learning outcomes online marketing and entrepreneurship learning outcomes for online sales performance.
PENGARUH MOTIVASI BELAJAR, SARANA BELAJAR, DAN PERCAYA DIRI TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR IPS SISWA PENERIMA BSM (BANTUAN SISWA MISKIN) SMP NEGERI DI SURABAYA
Authors: Murtiningsih Murtiningsih
Published: November 2017

This research aims to know (1) the influence of learning motivation towards learning outcomes students (2) influence of a learning tool toward student learning outcome (3) influence of confidence against a student learning outcome (4) influence of learning motivation, learning tools, and confident against the learning outcomes of students. This research uses a quantitative approach. Analysis of the multiple linear regression analysis was used. Population studies as many as 150 students taken in random sampling as much as 110 students in Junior High School State 39, 41, and 43 Surabaya school year 2014-2015. The results showed (1) there is the influence of learning motivation towards learning outcomes students (2) there is the influence of the means of learning towards student learning outcome (3) there are confident against influence student learning outcomes (4) there is the influence of learning motivation, learning tools, and confident against the results of student learning receiver BSM (poor students coupon) junior high school state Surabaya. Based on research it can be concluded that the motivation of learning, learning tools, and simultaneous confidence effect significantly to student learning outcomes, namely 94.4 whereas 5.6 is affected by other variables outside of the variables examined. To cover the shortfall, it can be done by way of teaching with the methods vary according to the material being taught by associate Social Science material in everyday life, learning tools are fitted and foster the confidence of students, so that the results of his studies.
PENGARUH LATAR BELAKANG ETNIS, KECERDASAN ADVERSITAS DAN REGULASI DIRI DALAM BELAJAR TERHADAP ORIENTASI WIRAUSAHA SISWA SMP NEGERI 31 SURABAYA
Authors: Wardayati Setijo
Published: November 2017

This study aims to analyze the influence of ethnic background,  adversity quotient and self-regulated learning of the students’ entrepreneurial orientation SMP Negeri 31 Surabaya. This study uses a quantitative approach. This research was conducted in class VII and VIII in SMP Negeri 31 Surabaya for academic year of  2014-2015 with population of 663 students. Sample was 249 students, selected by proportional random sampling. Data analysed using multiple regression analysis. The results showed  there is positive and significant effect ethnic backgrounds, intelligence adversity and self-regulated learning of the students' entrepreneurial orientation SMP Negeri 31 Surabaya either partially or simultaneously. The influence of ethnic background, adversity quotient and self-regulated learning of the students' entrepreneurial orientation amounted to 63.8%, while the rest  influenced by other factors not examined in this study.
A Clinical Audit for Compliance on the Innovated Radiographic Technique at a Radiologic Unit
Authors: Ismanto S. , Hassan C.H.
Published: November 2017

This study identifed X-ray laboratory users’ compliance with the innovated radiographic technique and evaluated it’s effectiveness in decreasing risks of repeating unnecessary X-ray exposure. The use of various steps in the standard operating procedures of radiography, proper radiographic technique and critique, practical protection measures, and radiographic positioning practice in X-ray laboratory at a private radiographic academy in Indonesia were audited. Thirty participants were used as the simple random sample. The demographic distribution was divided into, gender, nationality, and practical experience. Generally, out of 30 participants, 20 (67%) complied, and 10 (33%) did not. Radiograph image results showed that proper radiographic technique was effective in decreasing repetitive exposure among X-ray laboratory users.
A Novel Penalty Scheme in Genetic Algorithms For Structural Design Optimization
Authors: Nanakorn Pruettha , Meesomklin Konlakartn
Published: November 2017

A Novel Penalty Scheme in Genetic Algorithms For Structural Design Optimization
Radon and its Progeny in Outdoor Air
Authors: Hu S. J , Tan K. S
Published: November 2017

Radon and its Progeny in Outdoor Air
Wear of Ceramic Tools When Machining Nodular Cats Iron
Authors: Husni L.A , Choudhory C , Ghani A.K
Published: November 2017

Wear of Ceramic Tools When Machining Nodular Cats Iron
Modification os RBF Network Architecture
Authors: Mashor Mohd Yusoff
Published: November 2017

Modification os RBF Network Architecture
A Preliminary Investigation of The Alkaloid of Phoebe Lanceolata
Authors: Arbain Dayar , Sargent Melvyn V.
Published: November 2017

A Preliminary Investigation of The Alkaloid of Phoebe Lanceolata
Accelerated Corrorion Testing: Salt Spry Test
Authors: Trakulcoo Kanchana
Published: November 2017

Accelerated Corrorion Testing: Salt Spry Test
Basic Issues and Recent Development in Science and Technology Policy in Thailand
Authors: Yuthavong YongYuth
Published: November 2017

Basic Issues and Recent Development in Science and Technology Policy in Thailand
Status and Potential of Co - Generation in Thai Rice Mills
Authors: Chantramonklasri Nit , Wibulswas Prida
Published: November 2017

Status and Potential of Co - Generation in Thai Rice Mills
Optical Properties and Aging Characteristics of Blackchrme Surface on Different Textures of Aluminium Substrates
Authors: Trakulcoo Kanchana , Niemsorn Saowanee , Pitaksenpanich Patcharee
Published: November 2017

Optical Properties and Aging Characteristics of Blackchrme Surface on Different Textures of Aluminium Substrates
Introduction of Cosmid pHU 52 Into HUP Azospirillum SP. BSs 8 BY Transconjugation and Transformation
Authors: Mamaril Juanita C , Ko Elizabeth P , Trinidad Lorele C.
Published: November 2017

Introduction of Cosmid pHU 52 Into HUP Azospirillum SP. BSs 8 BY Transconjugation and Transformation
Effects of Oil Palm (Elais guineensis) Fruit Extracts on Glucose Uptake Activity of Muscle, Adipose and Liver Cells
Authors: Faez S , Muhajir H , Amin I , Zainah A
Published: November 2017

The effect of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) fruit aqueous extract (OPF) on glucose uptake activity of three different cell lines was investigated. The cell lines were incubated with different concentrations of OPF to evaluate the stimulatory effect of OPF towards glucose uptake activity of L6 myotubes, 3T3F442A adipocytes and Chang liver cell line. The glucose uptake activities of all tested cells were enhanced in the presence of OPF extract (basal condition). Nevertheless in combination of OPF extract and 100 nM insulin, the glucose uptake activity was only significantly enhanced in L6 myotubes and 3T3F442A adipocytes cell lines. The extracts enhanced the glucose uptake into cells through either insulin-mimetic or insulin-sensitizing property or combination of these two properties. It can be suggested that the OPF extract exerts its antihyperglycemic action partly by mediated glucose uptake into the glucose-responsive disposal cells, muscle, adipose and liver.
Generalized Fuzzy Filters in Ordered Ternary Semigroups
Authors: Khan M.J , Khan A , Sarmin H
Published: November 2017

In this paper, the concept of
Optimization of the Photochemical Degradation of Textile Dye Industrial Wastewaters
Authors: Dang T.H. , Mai T.P. , Truong M.T. , Dao L.T , Nguyen T.A.N
Published: November 2017

In this study, the photochemical degradation via photo-Fenton process was carried out to degrade dyes in textile industrial wastewaters. Experimental design methodology was also applied for optimizing effects of factors which influencethe effective treatment such as ferric dose, hydroperoxide dosage, initial pH, reaction time and initial chemical oxygen demand (COD). Two independent variables namely colour and COD removal efficiencieswere used to evaluate the treatment yield. Under the optimal conditions, ca. 99%  and ca. 88%, colour, and COD were removed, respectively.
Fabrication, Rheology and Antioxidant Activity of Palm Esters-based Emulsions Loaded with Tocotrienol
Authors: NG S.H , Mahiran B , Zahariyah I
Published: November 2017

Palm oil esters are wax esters derived from palm oil and oleyl alcohol. Palm oil esters have many applications due to their luxurious moisturizing properties, non-greasy and blend easily with fragrances and colours when applied on skin surface. The aim of this research was to fabricate palm esters-based emulsions cream for topical delivery, characterise the rheological properties and in vitroantioxidant activity of the palm esters-based emulsions system. Emulsions containing palm oil esters loaded with tocotrienol were obtained in two stages, with propagation of rotor-stator at 6000 r.p.m. for 5 min and further emulsified using an ultrasound at various acoustic amplitudes for another 5 min. A stress/rate controlled Kinexus Rheometer with a temperature controller was used to measure the rheological properties of the emulsion. Rheology measurements were performed at 25.0°C ± 0.1°C with 4°/40 mm cone and plate geometry. Thein vitro antioxidant activity was investigated using UV-Vis spectrophotometer.The yield stress of the emulsions increased with increasing acoustic amplitudes. The viscoelasticity of the emulsions were enhanced by the increase in the oil and surfactant concentrations. The emulsions with higher oil phase concentration [30% (w/w)] showed greater elasticity which implied strong dynamic rigidity of the emulsions. The cohesive energy increased significantly with surfactant concentration especially for the emulsions with 30% (w/w) oil phase concentration. The palm oil esters emulsions containing tocotrienol gave higher Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity values which implied higher antioxidant capability. The tocotrienol in emulsion with 30% (w/w) dispersed phase showed that they were the most stable with longest shelf life and exhibited greater inhibitory effects on the ABTS".
Pd(II) Complexes with Nitrogen-oxygen Donor Ligands: Synthesis, Characterization and Catalytic Activity for Suzuki-Miyaura Cross-coupling Reaction
Authors: Amalina M.T , Hadariah B , Karimah K , Nazihah W.I.W
Published: November 2017

Inexpensive bidentate Schiff base ligands (O1, O3) and their Pd(II) complexes (OPd1, OPd3) were successfully synthesized and characterized using CHN elemental analysis, FTIR, 1H and 13C NMR, melting point determination, molar conductivity and magnetic moment. It revealed that these Schiff bases behaved as bidentate ligands in their complexes. The spectral data indicated that the ligands co-ordinated through the phenolic oxygen and the azomethine nitrogen atoms. Magnetic momentdata suggested the existence of square planar Pd(II) complexes, while non-electrolytic behaviour indicated the absence of counter ions in chloroform. The Pd(II) complexes showed good catalytic activities for Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction between iodobenzene with phenylboronic acid at 1.0 mmol% catalyst loading.
Cigarette Smoking among Male Teenagers in Malaysia ― A Narrative Review
Authors: Dioso R.III P
Published: November 2017

This narrative review of a contemporary healthcare issue focuses on strategies and healthcare initiatives to curtail the increasing prevalence of active cigarette smoking among male teenagers in Malaysia — a mission of the Malaysian Millennium Development Goal and the United Nations Development Programmes on all health sectors. This narrative review analysed global and Malaysian views on cigarette smoking.
Factors Influencing ISO 14001 Firm’s Perceived Environmental Performance in Malaysia
Authors: Rohati S. , Norlida M.N. , Syed Jamal A.N.S.M.
Published: November 2017

The changes in the global environmental conditions have placed great challenges on governments, industries, and societies. Business organizations are often blamed for being the sources of theseenvironmental problems. This study aimed to examine the factors influencing the perceived environmental performance of firms certified under the ISO 14001 in Malaysia. A total of 268 manufacturing companies responded to the questionnaires. In this study, structural equation modeling was applied to test the hypotheses. It was found that the “environmental policy”, “environmental training”, “regulatory stakeholder’s pressures”, and “customer pressures”, influence the firm’s perceived environmental performance in which “customer pressures”, was found to be the dominant factor. The measure of environmental performance was self-reported due to the lack of available data. Therefore, perceived environmental performance was employed for this study which is aperceived measure based on the dimensions of the ISO 14001 definition. This study provided a model to synthesize both internal (environmental policy and environmental training) and external (regulatory stakeholder’s pressure and customer pressures) constructs that influenced a firm’sperceived environmental performance. The empirical results and insights from interviews shed lights on the practitioners as to how to enhance a firm’s environmental performance through green practices.
Wound Healing Post-mesh Repair ― An Observational Study
Authors: Lebbe M.N , Kularajasingham J , Dioso P
Published: November 2017

This study identified the best surgical mesh repair techniques for inguinal hernia and prevalence of wound healing post-mesh repair. The cross-sectional study design used cluster sampling for data collection. Of the 120 respondents, 48.3% preferred anterior tension-free mesh repair and 49.2% Lichtenstein mesh repair, both identified as the common surgical techniques in eastern Sri Lanka. About 82.5% of the respondents (n = 99) healed while 17% (n = 21) had recurrence of hernia after one month. Nevertheless, 2.5% of the total respondents said that the hernia repaired after one month but less than two months; and 97.5% of the interviewees stated that they recovered in less than one month regardless of the surgical mesh repair technique. Respondents aged 30–39 faced little impact on healing time with mesh repair (p = 0.4393), while those aged 40–49 probably had also longer healing time (p = 0.3947). Recovering period differed significantly (p = 0.862), on pain ordiscomfort, especially when bending over, coughing or lifting heavy objects.
Knowledge and Caring Attitude of Sri Lankan Nurses in Providing Care for Dying Patients ― A Cohort Study
Authors: Rajudeen M.M , Janoof M. , Dioso P
Published: November 2017

This research identified evidence of knowledge and caring attitude among Sri Lankan nurses caring for dying patients; and identified the factors affecting nursing care for the dying in the eastern province of Sri Lanka. A quantitative cohort study design was used having questionnaires as the means of collecting the data. The purposive way of sampling selected 120 staff nurses employed in a government hospital as respondents who falls under the inclusion and exclusion criteria.There was significant evidence of caring attitude towards the dying (p = 0.005534) and knowledge on the end-of-life nursing care (p = 0.0004703) for the dying patients. Educational attainment (p = 0.050001), clinical experiences (p = 0.01499), age (p = 0.01061) and civil status (p = 0.001782) were factors affecting the knowledge and attitude of Sri Lankan nurses in delivering nursing care for the dying patients admitted to a government hospital.
Nutrient Composition of Artocarpus champeden and Its Hybrid (Nanchem) in Negara Brunei Darussalam
Authors: Lim L.B.L , Chieng H.I , Wimmer F.L
Published: November 2017

The flesh and seeds of ripened and unripened Artocarpus champeden and its ripened hybrid (Nanchem) were analyzed for their moisture, ash, crude fibre, crude protein, crude fat, total carbohydrate, energy and mineral content. Generally, unripened A. champeden which is always treated and cooked as a vegetable contains higher amounts of moisture, ash, crude fibre and crude protein for its flesh than ripened A. champeden and Nanchem. Ripened A. champeden and Nanchemhave higher total carbohydrates and energy content than the unripe fruit. Similarly, the unripened A. champeden seed has more nutritional components in terms of moisture, ash, crude fibre, crude protein, crude fat, total carbohydrate and energy compared to the ripened A. champeden and Nanchem seeds. Potassium and magnesium are the prevalent minerals in this fruit species. Nanchem has the characteristics of both jackfruit (A. heterophyllus) and A. champeden.
Decision-making Processes for a Patient Admitted to the Accident and Emergency Department Requiring Emergency Abdominal X-ray ― A Case Study
Authors: Yuliawati Y.
Published: November 2017

This study investigated the application of the various processes involved in decision-making for acase requiring radiologic emergency abdominal X-ray examination to the Accident and Emergency Department in a government-owned hospital in West Java, Indonesia. It is also aimed to evaluate the patient who was experiencing abdominal pain accompanied by bloating, vomiting, severe constipation and abdominal cramps.The decision-making models used for this case were the normative, prescriptive and descriptive judgments. A decision tree in the form of decision options that was employed in this case addressed the normative model of decision-making, while the algorithm and information processing theory focused on the prescriptive model. Lastly, the intuition that was used in this case concentrated on the descriptive model of decision-making. An emergency abdominal X-ray was indicated for the patient ― a prescriptive decision. Options from decision trees were also practiced. However, the patient was in pain; therefore, she was unable to understand the alternatives that were presented. Hence, this choice was suggested by the author because, by intuition, the expectation was that the patient suffered from acute abdominal crisis.
Assessment of the Treatment of Textile Mill Effluent Using UASB Reactor
Authors: Arshad A , Hashim N.H , Kashif A.K , Bashir A
Published: November 2017

This study was designed to evaluate the feasibility of the treatment of actual textile mill effluent using a upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor. The main objective of this study was to generate design aids; in terms of organic loading rate (OLR), hydraulic retention time (HRT) versus chemical oxygen demand (COD) and colour removal in the textile effluent using a UASB reactor at neutral pH and constant mesophilic temperature. The COD, colour and total suspended solids concentration of the textile wastes used in the study were analyzed as 5440 mg/l, 3280 mg/l, 2320 units and 955 mg/l, respectively. The UASB reactor was started up by gradually increasing the OLR from 0.2 kg-COD/m3-day to 2.6 kg-COD/m3-day in order to prevent an organic shock to the reactor. Similarly, the hydraulic retention time (HRT) was slowly reduced from 58 h to 8 h to prevent the wash-out of sludge from the reactor. It was observed that more than 80% of COD and colour could be effectively removed at an OLR of 2.2 kg-m3/d and HRT of 20 h. At optimum operating conditions, the effluent volatile fatty acid concentration was observed to be 430 mg/l. The average biogas production observed during this study was 0.34 l/g-CODremoved and it was composed of 58% methane. During the course of maturity of granular sludge, its effective size and settling velocity were observed to increase exponentially as 0.261e0.051x and 1.91e0.017x respectively. The overall observed biomass yield (Yobs) for the experimental period was calculated as 0.049 g-VSS/g-CODrem. This study suggests that the use of a UASB reactor for textile mill effluent is a fairly feasible and viable option.
Recycling Mimeograph-Printed Newsprint Paper
Authors: Mari E. L , Torres A.S , Austria C.O
Published: November 2017

Virgin newsprint paper from thermo-mechanical pulp was subjected to a laboratory recycling scheme, which involved mimeograph-printing, re-pulping, de-inking, washing, refining, and handsheetforming, without adding other fibre in between cycles. Fibre dimension, pulp freeness and paper properties were determined after each cycle until the fifth, at which about 20% of the original material remained. The remaining fibre was then mixed with virgin pulp, the original newsprint and unsorted mixed office waste to determine the proportion necessary for acceptable properties. The results indicated remarkable modification in distribution of fibre properties, a decreasing amount of long fibre with corresponding increase of short fibre in the course of recycling and loss of fibre. Refining generally improved the strength properties of paper from recycled fibre. About 20 % to 30 % of either thermo-mechanical pulp or unsorted mixed office waste was found sufficient for blending with recycled fibre to obtain acceptable strength properties.
Bond Strength of Glued-in Rods in Malaysian Tropical Timber as Influenced by Adhesive, Diameter and Glueline Thickness
Authors: Za'ba N.E.L , Ahmad Z , Ibrahim A
Published: November 2017

Failure in wood structure is mainly caused by improper connection design, construction (fabrication) details, or serviceability. Besides using traditional bolting methods such as nails, screws and bolts to join members, timber members also can be connected by using bonded-in joints. However, current knowledge in the use of this type of timber connection is still limited. This study investigated the performance of bonded-in pultruded rods in timber as connections by exploring the effect of a few parameters such as rod type, diameter of the rod, adhesive type and thickness of the glueline. Pull-out tests were used to characterize the strength of the bonded-in connections. From the results of this study, it was found that strength increased as glueline thickness increased, while strength decreasedas the diameter of the rod increased.
Design and Construction of Automized Assembly Application
Authors: HTWE E.E , Hatanaka S , Akiyama T
Published: November 2017

Nowadays the main stream of current automatic process and assembly is on intermittent transportation. Robot control systems can be divided into motion control and force control depending on the work. Assembly work is necessary to consider the state of force applied by detection of the force or moment on the fingers of the gripper. In this project, four groups designed and developed each one of the stages of the workpieces until the final piece was delivered; it was composed of three different workpieces. The mechanism was designed to set the shaft and fasten the screw into a vacancy in a workpiece. The machine was constructed with frame, base plate, support, gripper and workpieces by using CNC milling, turning, drilling and wirecut machine. This paper briefly describes the design analysis of a conveyor, actuator and motor control system.
Potential Application of ENR/EPDM Blends
Authors: Chan B.L.
Published: November 2017

Since the process and conversion of natural rubber into epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) was discovered and patented by I. R. Gelling of the Malaysian Rubber Product Research Association  (or now known as the Tun Razak laboratory), Brickendonbury, Hertford, in the United Kingdom, there are more than 10 000 technical and technological papers cited in the internet. Information on ENR is available, not only in the the English language but also other languages like Chinese, Malay, French, Thai and even German languages are used.NR is the most versatile and reactive rubber/elastomer. It is an advanced natural rubber which could be potentially used as a starting material for the development of other rubbers, modifie elastomers, for grafting, plastic-based materials and also thermoplastic rubbers. Its reactivity is dependent on its epoxy groups, the opening of its ring structure, and also the subsequent structures of carboxylic groups and the in-situ side-chains “carbon – carbon” double bonds (> C = C <). In some instances, up to 65% epoxidation of NR is possible and achieved for more oil resistance. For these reasons, there are many new and advanced materials which have been formed and developed in the last two decades.Among them, some of the recent research work is listed here. Apart from studies of compounding the ENR itself and its potential uses, there are many rubber-rubber blends and ENR rubber-plastics blends, some of the studies cited are “uses of new and advanced chemicals”  and synthetic rubbers:  ENR/NBR, ENR/PVC, ENR/polylactic acid blends, ENR/copolyester blends, ENR/Copolyamide Blends, ENR/poly (vinylidene fluoride)blends, ENR/Carbon Nanotubes with co-agent Trimethylol Propane Triacrylate, ENR /recycled silicon materials, and ENR/copolymer of n-butyl acrylate/butyl methacrylate “grafted”. Each of these blends has its own characteristics in terms of processing, enhancement of processing like safety, scorch, oil and water resistance properties, or some in the development of potential thermoplastic rubber and its thermoplastic vulcanizates.In this paper, the author would like to share some findingsof the ENR/EPDM blends that have good flexand dynamic properties, relatively low compression set, and tolerant tensile properties that satisfy most rubber products that are required for and used in the industrial, mechanical, and even automotive parts. More importantly, the sliding skid resistance/frictional property and wear resistance of the blends are also examined. In some blends, the thermal dynamic behaviour is also measured over a temperature range depicting the low-temperature stability, its temperature of transition and the dynamic factor like tangent delta (σ). These are the potential factors that could enhance the blend properties that give possible, good high speed and traction, applicable in tyres.
Performance of Jatropha Oil-based Biodiesel Fuel in a Single-cylinder Four-Stroke Diesel Engine
Authors: Win H.H
Published: November 2017

Studies on alternative fuels have been active in Myanmar because the rapid mechanization of the agricultural sector demands higher diesel consumption. Jatropha oil-based biodiesel is one of the potential alternatives because of the relative ease of growing and producing this plant. In this study, both the experimental and theoretical analyses of Jatropha oil-based B20 biodiesel wereperformed and compared with conventional diesel. First, B20 was prepared by the base-catalyzed transesterification of the oil and its properties were measured. Second, separate performance tests were conducted on diesel and the biodiesel fuel using a LEYER-16 diesel engine. The speed range of interest was between 1000 r.p.m and 2000 r.p.m. Third, performance simulations were done in MATLAB using an algorithm written based on the theory of the engine operating cycle and air/ fuel compositions. Both experimental and simulation results show that there were no significant differences in the brake power and thermal efficiency of the engine between using diesel and the B20 diesel. However, fuel consumption when using B20 was slightly higher than that of diesel. This difference was marginal and it can be concluded that engine performance characteristics are the same for both diesel and B20 suggesting that B20 has great potential to be used as a substitute for diesel.
Ethanol Production in Yeasts Isolated from Fermented Kitchen Waste
Authors: Wong S , Wong S.K , Bujang J.S
Published: November 2017

Microbial ethanol is a potential substitute for the non-renewable fossil fuel which is depleting. Yeasts have been long and extensively studied for ethanol production. The objectives of this study were to isolate yeasts from fermented kitchen waste and to determine their ethanol production performances. A number of fifteen yeasts were isolated from fermented kitchen waste. The yeastswere then grouped based on their ability to ferment different types of sugars. Three yeast isolates were selected for the analysis of ethanol production. Fermentation was carried out for 72 h in yeast extract peptone dextrose broth containing 18% glucose. Fourier transform infrared attenuated total reflection spectroscopy was used to monitor the ethanol production and glucose utilization. Isolate Y4 achieved the highest ethanol production at the level of 16%, while Y6 and Y8 demonstrated 12% and 11% ethanol yields, respectively. The isolates Y4, Y6 and Y8 were identified using universal fungal primers ITS1 and ITS4. The yeast isolates were closest to Saccharomyces cerevisiae (76%), Paracoccidioides brasiliensis (56%) and Saccharomyces boulardii (64%), respectively. This studyshowed that fermented kitchen waste could serve as a good source of yeasts for ethanol production.
Utilization of Agricultural Wastes in the Manufacture of Composite Boards
Authors: Macatangay P.M , Mangundayao E.C , Rosales C.A.M
Published: November 2017

Development of useful composite materials out of agricultural waste has become a desirable option in recycling. This led to the production of composite boards being used in the construction industry. In this paper, three types of available agricultural wastes in the province of Batangas — peanut shells, corn husks and banana sheath — were independently utilized in the production of composite boards. The raw materials were either air or sun dried, then crushed (for peanut shells) and extracted (for banana sheath and corn husks) before mixing with the binder. Urea formaldehyde (UF) was used as binder for peanut shells and banana sheaths while cleaned used plastic bags were chopped and mixed with corn husks before subjecting to hot compress machine. For each mat, the followingproportions were used:1000 gm banana fibres, 500 gm of UF mixed with 250 gm of water; 720 gm of crushed peanut shells, 133 gm UF with 12% resin content; 40% corn husks, 60% plastic strips by weight. The physical and mechanical characteristics like modulus of rupture (MOR), internal bond, face screw head test (FSHT) or Nail Head Pull through (NHPT), water absorption and thicknessswelling were determined for each board and the results were compared to the values set by the Philippine National Standards (PNS). Based on statistical results, the corn husk-plastic composite boards conformed to all parameters in the PNS; the density, thickness swelling, IBS, and NHPT/ FSHT of peanut shell-resin composite boards conformed to the PNS; and the thickness swelling,density, MOR and NHPT/FSHT of the banana sheath-UF composite boards conformed to the PNS.
Utilization of Waste from Natural Rubber Glove Manufacturing Line
Authors: DEVARAJ V. , NUR F. I. , DAYANG A. I. H. , NOR H. K. , ZAIROSSANI M. N.
Published: November 2017

Malaysia is the largest producer and exporter of examination and surgical gloves in the world and currently faced with mitigating large amounts of waste generated during the glove production process. This waste is mainly generated from glove dipping tanks and is referred as dipping tank coagulum (DTC). It is considered as scheduled waste which requires mandatory disposal by incineration, in compliance to the Scheduled Waste Regulations set by the Department of Environment. Work described in this study showed, DTC samples with a polymer content of >40%, both ash and calcium carbonate content of <10% and curatives <2% (Sulphur, antioxidants, accelerators and ZnO) when blended with virgin rubbers (SMR 10 and SMR 20) were found to be suitable for manufacturing value-added rubber products. DTC samples with polymer contents of <40% and lower in curativescould still be considered for recycling, by adding higher portions of virgin rubber for manufacturing products like shoe soles, carpet underlay and thermoplastic elastomer products. Glove manufactures should ideally set up on-site DTC processing facilities at their factory premises equipped with crepers as well as space to ‘air dry’ the creped DTC samples. Creped samples could be sent to the Malaysian Rubber Board (MRB) for chemical analyses. Factory owners could also present the analytical results from MRB to the recyclers to obtain a good premium for their processed DTC samples to be used as raw materials.
A Phenomenological Study on the Quality of Life Among Patients with Osteoarthritis Admitted for Rehabilitative Physiotherapy in a Private Hospital in Kuala Lumpur
Authors: DIOSO R. (III) P. , TANGGAYA R.
Published: November 2017

The aim of this study is to explore patients’ experiences and how their rehabilitation and physiotherapy at a private hospital in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia has affected their quality of life (QOL) due to osteoarthritis (OA).  In addition, this study also aims to explore patients’ perspectives of the rehabilitation and physiotherapy for their OA before and after which affects moreover their QOL. The seven domains of the QOL were the physiological, social, financial,environmental, psychological, level of independence and spiritual – aimed to guide the theme of the interview sessions. A qualitative design was used. Of the 50 patients purposively enrolled only six were selected using inclusion and exclusion criteria.  Thematic analysis addressed the seven domains of the QOL for data analysis.  A 60-minutes interview session was audio-recorded.  The rehabilitation therapy was explored on all seven domains of the QOL. Of the six respondents four explored their lived experiences on the social and environmental domain, while fiveon the physiologic domain. The spiritual, psychological, level of independence and financialdomains were mostly explored by the six respondents that have affected their QOL.
Decision Making Processes for a Pregnant Woman Admitted to the Accident and Emergency Department Requiring Emergency Diagnostic X-ray – A Case Study
Authors: Ismanto S.
Published: November 2017

The objective of this study is to apply the decision-making processes for a pregnant woman who was involved in a motor vehicle accident and admitted to a private middle-class hospital in the capital of Indonesia requiring radiologic X-ray examination.  It also aims to examine and evaluate the patient who was in her 20th week of gestation in order to provide her with the best emergency care, diagnostic investigations and treatments.The descriptive, normative and prescriptive models of decision-making are demonstrated. The descriptive model used intuition, while the normative model used decision trees as decision options and lastly the prescriptive decision used the information processing theory (IPT) to decide on the best emergency care, diagnostic investigations and treatments for the patient. The IPT dominated the decision-making process; hence an X-ray examination was done that was safe for the fetus and the childbearing mother. Decision option was not used since the patient was in pain and could not understand much of the procedure that was explained.  Intuition helped in the decision-making in order to ensure safe and effective practice.
Increasing Serum Cholesterol Level among Sri Lankan Adult Obese Patients Admitted to Medical Wards: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: DIOSO R. (II) P. , SHALINA K. , JUDENIMAL K.
Published: November 2017

This research identifid the factors affcting the widespread of the level of serum cholestrol among adult obese patients admitted to government hospitals in the easternpart of Sri Lanka, and identifie  the number of adults obese patients with increasing serum cholesterollevel. A descriptive cross-sectional studydesign was used. Convenience sampling technique helped select 150 patients in medical wards and clinics of two government hospitals in the easternprovince of Sri Lanka, and Questionnaireswere distributedfor data analysis. Overall findingsof 150 obese patients regarding increasing serum cholestrol level admitted in the medical wards and follow-up at medical clinics had 59% in moderate risk, 36% with high risk, and 2% with a minimal risk of increasing serum cholestero level. Gender was a factor, which brings about 49.3% (n = 74) of the respondents were female and 50.7% (n = 76) were male. About 59% of participants had 130–159 mg/dl of total cholesterollevel while 36% had 160–189 mg/dl and 1% had lower than 100 mg/dl. It was also identifiedthat age and co-morbidities of obesity are factors that affect an increasing serum cholesterol level
Structures, Energies, and Bonding Analysis of Monoaurated Complexes with N-Heterocyclic Carbene and Analogues
Authors: NGUYEN T.A.N. , HUYNH T.P.L. , VO T.X.P. , TRAN T.H. , TRAN D.S. , DANG T.H. , DUONG T.Q.
Published: November 2017

In this work, we computationally investigated from quantum chemical calculations (DFT) at the BP86 level with the various basis sets def2-SVP, def2-TZVPP, and TZ2P+, chemical bonding issues of the recently described carbene-analogues gold(I) complexes AuCl-NHEMe (Au1-NHE) with E = C – Pb. The optimized structures and the metal-ligand bond dissociation energy (BDE) were calculated, and the nature of the E→Au bond was studied with charge and energy decomposition methods. The equilibrium structures of the system showed that there were major differences in the bonded orientation from the ligands NHC-NHPb to gold(I) complex between the lighter and the heavier homologues. The BDEs results showed that the metal-carbene analogues bonds were very strong bonds and the strongest bond was calculated for Au1-NHC which had the bond strength De = 79.2 kcal/mol. Bonding analysis of Au1-NHE showed that NHE ligands exhibited donor-acceptor bonds with the σ lone pair electrons of NHE donated into the vacant orbital of the acceptor fragment (AuCl). The EDA-NOCV results indicated that the ligand NHE in Au1-NHE complexes were strong σ-donors and very weak π donor and the bond order in complexes was Au1-NHC > Au1-NHSi > Au1-NHGe > Au1-NHSn > Au1-NHPb. We also realised that the gold-ligand bond was characterized by a π back-donation component from the Au to the ligand. All investigated complexes in this study were suitable targets for synthesis and gave a challenge in designing Au nano-crystals of narrow size distribution from gold(I) complexes that carried versatile N-heterocyclic carbene-analogues NHE.
Correlation Between Thermal Diffusivity Variation and Quality of Cold Preserved Fish
Authors: Ansari F.A , Abbas K.A , Megat Ahmad M.M.H
Published: November 2017

The present paper deals with establishment of correlation between thermal behaviour and quality of cold preserved fish. Experiments were designed and transient temperature-time variations were recorded at the center and other three equidistant locations during air blast cooling of slab shaped pieces of fresh water fish. A number of pieces from the same lot were cold preserved at 3°C for a period of 28 days and experiments were repeated daily. Time-temperature records were used to determine thermal diffusivity of each sample using the empirical approach of the first author, reported elsewhere. It was observed that the measured thermal diffusivity increased up to 14 days and then stayed approximately constant up to the end of the preservation period (28 days). According to the reported literature, it was found that the shelf life of fish preserved at 3°C is 14 days. Regression analysis was made to develop an empirical correlation between thermal diffusivity and preservation time of the fish under investigation.
Hedge Algebras: An Algebraic Approach to Domains of Linguistic Variables and Their Applicability
Authors: N.C. Ho N.C.
Published: November 2017

The paper is an overview on an algebraic approach to domains of linguistic variables and somefirst applications to show the applicability of this new approach. In this approach, each linguistic domain can be considered as a hedge algebra (HA for short) and based on the structure of HAs,a notion of fuzziness measure of linguistic hedges and terms can be defined. In order to apply hedge algebras to those problems, the results of which are needed, a notion of semantically quantifying mappings (SQMs) will be introduced. It shown that there is a closed connection between SQMs and fuzziness measure of hedge and primary terms (the generators of linguistic domains). To show the applicability of this approach, new met hods to solve a Fuzzy Multiple Conditional Reasoning problem, the problem of Balancing an Inverted Pendulum will be presented.
Numerical investigation of turbulent swirling flows through an abrupt expansion tube
Authors: Eiamsa-ard S. , Promvonge P.
Published: November 2017

A numerical investigation of turbulent swirling flows through an abrupt expansion tube is reported.  The TEFESS code, based on a staggered Finite Volume approach with the standard k-ε model and first-order numerical schemes built-in, was used to carry out all the computations. The code has been modified in the present work to incorporate the ASM and two second-order numerical schemes.  The ASM, which includes the non-gradient convection terms arising from the transformation from Cartesian to cylindrical coordinates, was investigated for isothermal flows by applying it to the flow through an abrupt expansion tube with or without swirl flows.  In addition, to investigate the effects of numerical diffusion on the predicted results, two second-order differencing schemes, namely, second-order upwind and the quadratic upstream interpolation, were used to compare with the first-order hybrid scheme.  An abrupt expansion tube with non-swirling flow, predicted results using both the k-ε model and the ASM were in good agreement with measurements.  For swirling flows, the calculated results suggested that the use of the ASM with a second-order numerical scheme leads to better agreement between the numerical results and experimental data, while the k-ε model is incapable of capturing the stabilizing effect of the swirl.
Optical Response of Poly (1,4-Phenylene-1,2-Di (P-Phenoxyphenyl) Vinylene) Towards Oxygen Gas
Authors: Mehamod F.S , Daik R , Ahmad M
Published: November 2017

This research involved the synthesis of poly (1,4-phenylene-1,2-di (p-phenoxyphenyl) vinylene), dpop-PDV from di (p-phenoxybenzoyl) benzene compound as the monomer. The potential of the produced polymer as sensing reagent for O2 detection based on fluorescence quenching was studied. Di (p-phenoxybenzoyl) benzene was synthesised via the Friedel-Crafts benzoylationwith terephthaloydichloride and biphenylether as starting materials and anhydrous AlCl3 as the catalyst, while the dpop-PDV was synthesized via the McMurry coupling reaction. The polymerization was carried out in THF with TiCl4 and Zn as the catalyst and reducing agent respectively. Characterization on monomer and polymer had been carried out by using FTIR, GCMS, DSC, TGA, GPC and melting point measurement. Response of the polymer towards oxygen gas was described in terms of fluorescence spectra, repeatability, reproducibility and the response curve. Results obtained showed that the fluorescence intensity decreased upon exposure to O2 gas, indicating that the polymer was responsive to the presence of the O2 gas and the sample was found regenerable by flushing the polymer solution with N2 gas.
Methanolysis of Crude Jatropha Oil using Heterogeneous Catalyst from the Seashells and Eggshells as Green Biodiesel
Authors: REDDY A. N. R. , AHMED A. S. , ISLAM M. D. , HAMDAN S.
Published: November 2017

In this work, heterogeneous calcium oxide catalysts gleaned from Polymedosa expansa and eggshell were investigated for the transesterification of crude jatropha oil with methanol, to access their prospective performance in biodiesel production as an alternative green energy resource. The best yield of biodiesel achieved was 96% in 1 h for Step 1 using 0.01:1 ratio of acid catalyst to oil and 0.6:1 ratio of alcohol to oil ratio, together with 2 h of Step 2 using 0.02:1 ratio with base catalyst CaO, derived from P. expansa, to oil ratio and 5:1 ratio of alcohol to oil.  The properties of jatropha biodiesel were analyzed and found to have calorific value of 35.43 MJ/kg, density value of 895 kg/m3 and flash point of 167. The biodiesel was blended with mineral diesel from B0 to B50 for a diesel engine performance test. B20 indicated comparable characteristics with pure mineral diesel, like lowest fuel consumption rate, specific fuel consumption rate, highest brake horsepower and mechanical efficiency.
Dynamic Mechanical Thermal Analysis (DMTA) of Thermoplastic Natural Rubber (TPNR) Barium Ferrite (bafe12o19) Composites
Authors: Hamdan S , Hasihim D.M.A , Yusop M
Published: November 2017

filled with 0-6 volume percentage of barium ferrite was performed using a Polymer Laboratory- Dynamic Mechanical Thermal Analyser (PL-DMTA) over a range of temperature from -100 to 100°C at 10hz. The results showed that the storage modulus (E') of the composites below the transition temperature increase with filler content up to ~3-4 volume percentage. Incorporation of the filler does not change the matrix glass transition that occurs around -40°C but the damping curve becomes broader with increasing filler content. The addition of filler in the compositedoes not affect the glass transition and melting temperature. The blend of TPNR and barium ferrite powder is only a physical mixture that does not act chemically.
Effect of the reciprocating mass of slider-crank mechanism on torsional vibrations of diesel engine systems
Authors: Pasricha M.S. Pasricha , Hashim F.M.
Published: November 2017

The torsional vibration phenomenon in the running gear of reciprocating engine systems isusually dealt with by considering a series of constant inertias connected by sections of massless shafting. However in reality, a slider crank mechanism is a vibrating system with varying inertia because the effective inertia of the total oscillating mass of each crank assembly varies twice per revolution of the crankshaft. Large variations in inertia torques can give rise to the phenomenonof secondary resonance in torsional vibration of modern marine diesel engines which can not be explained by conventional theory incorporating only the mean values of the varying inertias. In the past associated secondary resonances and regions of instability tended to be dismissed by most engineers as interesting but of no importance. The situation changed in recent years since there is evidence of the existence of thesecondary resonance effects which could have contributed to a number of otherwise inexplicable crankshaft failures in large slow speed marine engines. The cyclic variation of the polar moment of inertia of the reciprocating parts during each revolution causes a periodic variation of frequency and corres ponding amplitude of vibration of reciprocating engine systems. It also causes an increase in the speed range over which resonance effects are experienced and only a partial explanation of the behaviour of the systems has been worked out. It is impossible to avoid these instabilities by changes in thedesign , unless of course the variations in mass and spring constant can be made zero. In the present paper a critical appraisal of the regions of instability as determined from the equation of motion which takes into account variation of inertia is given. The motion in the form of complex waveforms is studied at different speeds of engine rotation. A comparison of theoretical results with Goldsbrough’s experimental resultsand Gregory’s analysis is included.