bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relationship between types of activity and subjective well-being in older adults living alone: Secondary analysis of the 2014 survey of attitudes towards older people living alone
Authors: MORI YUTA , Tachi Tomoki
Published: September 2020

Objective: In the contemporary aging society, subjective well-being is an important determinant of quality of life for older adults living alone. Although the association between improved health and subjective well-being in this population is well documented, the types of activities associated with subjective well-being are unclear.Methods: This study assessed the relationship between subjective well-being and activity types among older adults living alone based on a secondary analysis of the 2014 Survey of Attitudes Towards Older People Living Alone data. We conducted a Poisson regression analysis to determine the association between activity and subjective well-being.Results: After adjustment for age, sex, subjective physical health, subjective mental health, and income, higher levels of subjective well-being were significantly associated with spending time with family, meeting friends, playing with pets, eating, hiking, traveling, and watching sports.Conclusion: Going out and interactive activities, as well as individual activities outside the home, are associated with higher levels of subjective well-being. Promoting these activities has the potential to increase the subjective well-being of older adults.
Factor Effecting of Durian Innovation Product of SME Industry: Study in South of Thailand
Authors: Srimarut Thammarak , Mekhum Witthaya
Published: September 2020

Innovation is a process of creating new things or simply a new idea. Innovation helps the organization to find a competitive edge for survival. Innovation improves the quality of existing products like durian products in Thailand. The purpose of the current study is to investigate the link between factors that affect the durian product innovation in the small and medium industries working in the south of Thailand. Respondents of this study are employees working in the SME industry of the south of Thailand. Data is collected through a questionnaire via e-mail. Data is cross-sectional and the study is quantitative. Results generated from PLS revealed that factors that affect the durian product innovation are customer base, department of research and development and level of competition has a positive significant impact on durian product innovation. Technological innovativeness also has a positive significant impact on durian product innovation and also mediates the relationship between the level of competition and durian product innovation in the SME industry of the south of Thailand. Policymakers should focus on these factors for increasing the innovation of durian products.
A Tensionable Suture-based Cerclage Is an Alternative to Stainless Steel Cerclage Fixation for Stabilization of a Humeral Osteotomy During Shoulder Arthroplasty
Authors: Denard Patrick J. , Nolte Philip-C. , Millett Peter J. , Adams Christopher R. , Liebler Stephenie A.H. , Rego George , Higgins Laurence D.
Published: September 2020

Introduction:

Fixation of periprosthetic humeral fractures is most commonly obtained with steel-based wires or cables; however, disadvantages with these constructs are numerous. Suture-based cerclages offer the advantage of easy handling, less radiographic interference, and risk of metallosis, as well as decreased risk of cutting into the soft humeral bone. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare a suture-based cerclage to a stainless steel wire cerclage (SSWC) for stabilization of the humerus during shoulder arthroplasty.

Methods:

In part I of the study, SSWC fixation was compared with single-looped tape cerclage and a double-looped tape cerclage (DLTC) fixation. In part II, a subsidence test was performed on 12 cadaveric humeri. After an osteotomy, the humeri were secured with either a SSWC or DLTC. Subsequently, a metal wedge was introduced into the humerus to simulate the stem of a shoulder arthroplasty.

Results:

In part I, load to 2-mm displacement was significantly higher for the DLTC construct compared with the SSWC construct (2,401 ± 483 N versus 750 ± 33 N; P < 0.0001). Load to failure was 935 ± 143 N with the SSWC, 1,737 ± 113 N with the single-looped tape cerclage, and 4,360 ± 463 N with the DLTC constructs, and all differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). In part II, load at 20-mm subsidence was higher for the DLTC (320 ± 274 N) compared with the SSWC (247 ± 137 N), but no significant difference was observed (P > 0.05). However, gap displacement at 20 mm subsidence was significantly lower with the DLTC construct (0.33 ± 0.31 mm versus 0.77 ± 0.23 mm; P = 0.009). Load to failure was higher with the DLTC construct compared with the SSWC construct (4,447 ± 2,325 N versus 1,880 ± 1,089 N; P = 0.032), but the final gap displacement did not differ significantly (DLTC 5.23 ± 6.63 mm versus SSWC 6.03 ± 8.82 mm; P > 0.05).

Discussion:

A DLTC has higher load to failure and trends toward lower gap displacement compared with a SSWC. The DLTC construct may therefore be a viable alternative for fixation of periprosthetic fractures or osteotomies of the humeral shaft during shoulder arthroplasty.
Trends in Spinal Surgery Performed by American Board of Orthopaedic Surgery Part II Candidates (2008 to 2017)
Authors: Yeung Caleb M. , Schoenfeld Andrew J. , Lightsey Harry M. , Kang James D. , Makhni Melvin C.
Published: September 2020

Introduction:

The American Board of Orthopaedic Surgery (ABOS) Part II Oral Examination is typically taken two calendar years after fellowship completion. Despite previous studies using ABOS Part II Oral Examination data in other subspecialties, types of cases performed by spine surgeons in initial independent practice have not been well-studied. Such data may help trainees anticipate case composition observed in early practice and allow spine fellowship programs to understand emerging trends.

Methods:

We retrospectively reviewed surgical cases submitted to the ABOS by candidates taking the Part II Oral Examination between 2008 and 2017 whose designated subspecialty was spine. A hierarchical, restrictive algorithm was used to determine procedures based on candidate-reported International Classification of Diseases 9th/10th Revision and Current Procedural Terminology codes. Adjusted multivariable Poisson regression analyses were used to assess changes in procedure incidence rates over time.

Results:

We identified 37,539 cases, averaging 3,754 cases/yr, and an average of 49 cases per candidate per 6-month collection period. The most common procedures were lumbar diskectomy (22% of all procedures), posterolateral spinal fusion (PSF) (19%), and anterior cervical diskectomy and fusion (ACDF) (17%). Rates of ACDF and cervical disk arthroplasty significantly increased over time (incidence rate ratios of 1.41 and 23.3 times higher, respectively, at the end of the study period), whereas rates of cervical foraminotomy, lumbar diskectomy, PSF, and structural autograft use decreased (incidence rate ratios of 0.35, 0.84, 0.55, and 0.30). Rates of anterior lumbar interbody fusion/lateral lumbar interbody fusion and transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion did not significantly change over the study period.

Discussion:

Recent spine fellowship graduates are performing more cervical disk arthroplasties and ACDFs while decreasingly using structural autograft as well as performing fewer PSFs and lumbar diskectomies. Techniques such as anterior lumbar interbody fusion/lateral lumbar interbody fusions and transforaminal lumbar interbody fusions have not changed significantly over the last decade.

Level of Evidence:

Level IV (retrospective case series study)
Orthopaedic Injuries Associated With Cell Phone Use Resulting in Emergency Department Visits: A 20-Year Analysis
Authors: Moore Harold G. , Halperin Scott J. , Berson Elisa R. , Burroughs Patrick J. , Paskhover Boris , Grauer Jonathan N.
Published: September 2020

Introduction:

Cell phones are an integral part of daily life but are distractors that can contribute to injury. The present study uses a large national emergency department (ED) database to evaluate the frequency, anatomic location, and type of injuries associated with cell phone use. We hypothesize that orthopaedic injuries related to cell phone use have increased over time and affect certain body parts and age groups more than others.

Methods:

The 1999 to 2018 Nation Electronic Injury Surveillance System was queried for cell phone-related injuries leading to ED visits (injuries to the head or face or involving a landline were excluded). Demographics, type of orthopaedic injury, and body part injured were tabulated, and injuries were then classified over time as direct mechanical or cell phone use-associated, as well as related to texting compared with talking.

Results:

A weighted national total of 44,599 injuries met inclusion criteria. A marked increase was noted in the incidence of cell phone use-associated injuries over the time (2,900%). Injuries occurred in persons with mean ± standard deviation age of 36.6 ± 19.9 years old, predominantly in women (60.6%), at home (32.8%) or on the street (22.4%), and while walking (31.6%) or driving (18.16%). The distribution of orthopaedic injuries was defined and occurred most frequently in the neck, lower torso/hip, and ankle. The most common types of injuries were sprain/strain (56.8%) and fracture (32.6%). The proportion of fracture injury types was significantly greater in adults aged greater than 65 (P < 0.001). The proportion of injuries related to texting on a cell phone was greatest in the 13- to 29-year-old age group and declined as age increased.

Discussion:

Orthopaedic injures related to cell phone use resulting in ED visits have markedly increased over time. The distribution and characteristics of such injuries can be used in targeted public health education and policy development.
Impact of Smoking and Drinking on Complications After Revision Total Joint Arthroplasty: A Matched Cohort Analysis
Authors: Tirumala Venkatsaiakhil , Bounajem Georges , Klemt Christian , Barghi Ameen , Kwon Young-Min
Published: September 2020

Introduction:

Smoking and drinking have been shown to impair postoperative outcomes in primary hip and knee total joint arthroplasty (TJA). This study aimed to evaluate the potential impact of smoking and drinking on complications after revision TJA.

Methods:

We retrospectively evaluated a total of 4,302 consecutive patients who underwent revision TJA. Patient demographics and complications were compared between four cohorts based on smoking and drinking status: (1) nonusers (nonsmokers and nondrinkers), (2) smokers, (3) drinkers, and (4) concurrent users.

Results:

A total of 1,924 patients were matched using propensity score analysis: 808 nonusers (42.0%), 421 smokers (21.9%), 483 drinkers (25.0%), and 212 concurrent users (11.1%). When compared with nonusers, smokers, drinkers, and concurrent users (simultaneous smokers and drinkers) exhibited higher odds for both inhospital complications (odds ratios, smokers: 2.40, drinkers: 1.55, and concurrent users: 5.13, P < 0.01). Among the user cohorts, although smokers and drinkers showed similar rates of 90-day postdischarge complications (smokers: 14.95% and drinkers: 14.80%, P = 0.95), concurrent users demonstrated the highest significant odds for these complications (odds ratio, 1.64, P = 0.02).

Discussion:

Our propensity-score-matched cohort study results demonstrate that although the smokers and drinkers groups shared similarly poor outcomes after discharge, concurrent users were found to have the worst outcomes compared with either single user group.
Outcome of Spinal Versus General Anesthesia in Revision Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Propensity Score-Matched Cohort Analysis
Authors: Tirumala Venkatsaiakhil , Bounajem Georges , Klemt Christian , Maier Stephen P. , Padmanabha Anand , Kwon Young-Min
Published: September 2020

Introduction:

Spinal anesthesia has been previously shown to offer improved patient outcomes compared with general anesthesia in revision total knee arthroplasty. This study aimed to evaluate the potential differences in perioperartive and postoperative outcomes in revision total hip arthroplasty (THA) between spinal or general anesthesia.

Methods:

A total of 2,656 consecutive patients who underwent revision THA were evaluated. Propensity-score-adjusted multivariate logistic regression analyses were applied to control for intergroup variability and evaluate the differences in outcomes and complications with anesthesia type.

Results:

Propensity score matching resulted in 1:1 matching with 265 patients in each anesthesia cohort. Multivariate analyses demonstrated that patients administered general anesthesia had a significantly longer procedure time (174.8 versus 161.3, P < 0.01), higher intraoperative (402.6 versus 305.5 mL, P < 0.01), and total perioperative blood loss (1802.2 versus 1,684.2 mL,P < 0.01). In addition, patients administered general anesthesia were found to have higher odds for two or more inhospital complications (odds ratio, 4.51, P < 0.01) and extended length of stay (odds ratio, 2.45, P = 0.02).

Discussion:

Our study shows that propensity-matched patients who received spinal anesthesia for revision THA exhibited notable reduction in surgical time, perioperative blood loss, and complications compared with patients who received general anesthesia, suggesting that spinal anesthesia is a viable alternative to general anesthesia in revision THA.
High Risk Health Behavior among Malaysian Adolescents: A Comparison between Gender
Authors: Johari Mohammad Zabri , Wee Lei Hum , Nudin Siti Sa’adiah Hassan , Ujang Edawaty , Roslan Norazilah Mohd. , Omar Baharuddin , Chinna Karuthan
Published: September 2020

PURPOSE: The main objective was to study health risk behaviours, knowledge and perception amongst Malaysian adolescents aged between 13-17 years of age.

METHODS: Modified version of Youth Behaviour Risk Factor Surveillance System (YBRFSS) was used in this nationwide cross-sectional study involving 5,000 students enrolled from 50 selected schools, by adopting multi-stage sampling with randomization of schools and classes from all states in Malaysia. Descriptive data for behaviours, knowledge and perception were also compared between genders.

RESULTS: Overall, 72.6% and 21.1% adolescents were found to not perform adequate exercise or did not perform any exercise, respectively. Majority of them also (81.8%) spent time watching TV beyond one hour per day. Although overall compliance to meal timings showed better result for girls (89.2%) than boys (84.8%); non-compliance to breakfast timing was the most frequent (74.7%) compared to other meal timings. Signs of continuous sadness ranked highest (21.3%), followed by signs of depression (9.4%) and suicidal ideation (7.8%). Girls suffered worse than boys for signs of continuous sadness (25.4% vs. 16.2%) and suicidal ideation (10.4% vs. 4.5%). In terms of perception, only 50.1% responded favourably to managing their anger. Boys were more satisfied with their own body weight and body shapes compared with the girls (43.3% vs. 34.7%; 45.3% vs. 37.9%, respectively).

CONCLUSION: Although adolescents in Malaysia had good overall knowledge and perception on the healthy habits, they still practiced risky behaviours which may lead to early morbidity and mortality among adolescence.
Rechtsmaatregelen tegen misbruik van abstracte bankgaranties (II)
Authors: Russcher P.C.
Published: September 2020

Rechtsmaatregelen tegen misbruik van abstracte bankgaranties (II)

Het gebeurt regelmatig dat de opdrachtgever van een bankgarantie probeert uitbetaling door de bank te beletten, maar deze pogingen zijn zelden succesvol. Naar aanleiding van een aantal recente uitspraken, waarin de opdrachtgever wél succes had, wordt in deze – in twee delen te verschijnen – bijdrage aan de hand van een systematische behandeling van rechtspraak en literatuur ingegaan op rechtsmaatregelen die de opdrachtgever kan nemen.
De maatschappelijke onderneming en haar (nieuwe) juridische jas
Authors: Zillikens-Loos M.J.L.A.M. , Crul Q.M.J.A. , Schriemer T.A.
Published: September 2020

De maatschappelijke onderneming en haar (nieuwe) juridische jas

Het Ministerie van EZK heeft onderzoek laten doen naar de maatschappelijke onderneming. Auteurs bespreken naar aanleiding daarvan de huidige toepassings- en herkenningsmogelijkheden van de maatschappelijke onderneming met een blik op het verwachte wetsvoorstel voor de BVm.
Naschrift bij de reactie van mr. J. Winkels
Authors: Broere P.H.M.
Published: September 2020

Naschrift bij de reactie van mr. J. Winkels

Onlangs besprak de auteur in dit tijdschrift de SNS-beschikking waarin de Hoge Raad oordeelde dat aan het verschoningsrecht in het enquêterecht ook betekenis toekomt. Mr. J. Winkels schreef een reactie op die bijdrage, waarbij in dit naschrift enkele kanttekeningen worden geplaatst.
Die Konferenz zur Zukunft Europas zwischen „Konvent 2.0“ und „Intergouvernementalismus 3.0“: Warum Europa diese Chance zur Reform nutzen muss
Authors: Plottka Julian
Published: September 2020

Three months after the initially scheduled start of the Conference on the Future of Europe (CoFoE) its design remains unclear. While the European Parliament proposed a rather ambitious concept of a “European Convention 2.0”, the European Council seeks additional legitimacy for its Strategic Agenda, excluding the possibility of treaty reforms. However, not all national governments seem to be convinced that such an “Intergovernmentalism 3.0” legitimised by participative democracy is a good idea. In between these two positions, the European Commission seeks to water down Ursula von der Leyen’s bid to the European Parliament. Comparing the opportunities and risks entailed in these three concepts of the CoFoE, the article argues for an open process, which neither pushes for nor excludes treaty reform. If citizens and civil society support such a constitutional momentum, it is about time to address the numerous reform needs and to end the further procrastination of treaty reforms.
Modulation of Extracellular Matrix by Scrophularia striata Extract in Vitro: A Potential Antiscarring Agent
Authors: Tamri Pari , Haddadi Rasool , Javani Jouni Fatemeh
Published: September 2020

Background: Hypertrophic scars are the consequences of the aberration of normal wound healing. To date, therapeutic strategies for abnormal scarring have been unsuccessful. ‎‏The abnormal extracellular‎ matrix is one of the most important contributing factors to ‎hypertrophic scars. ‏Scrophularia striata has been used in Iranian folk medicine for the treatment of burn wounds. ‏The plant extract accelerates wound healing and attenuates scar formation. Objectives: The study was performed to investigate the effects of Scrophularia striata hydroalcoholic extract (SSE) on MMP1, MMP8, fibronectin, collagen type I, and total collagen produced by human skin fibroblasts in the culture medium. Methods: The effects of SSE on the expression of MMP1, MMP8, fibronectin, and collagen type I in human skin fibroblast (HSF) were evaluated using Q-PCR and Western blotting methods. In addition, the effect of SSE on the total collagen content was measured in cultured HSF using Red Sirius Kit. Results: SSE significantly induced the expression of MMP1 and suppressed the production of fibronectin at the mRNA and protein levels. The total collagen content was significantly lower in SSE-treated cells than in untreated cells. SSE did not have any significant effect on MMP8 and collagen type I expression. Conclusions: The results of this study revealed that SSE could modulate the extracellular matrix turnover and had the potential for the prevention and treatment of hypertrophic scars.
Time-Varying Relations between Seven Dimensions of CSR and Firm Risk
Authors: Lu Wenling , Yeo Benjamin ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: September 2020

This study examines the relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR), a central ethical concern, and firm total risk, a central business concern, using a large US dataset spanning 1991 to 2015. It includes considerations for the recent financial crisis to establish whether firm engagement in specific CSR dimensions decrease (i.e., the risk reduction hypothesis) or increase (i.e., the resource constraint hypothesis) firm risk. The findings demonstrate the impact of CSR engagement is different, depending on the specific CSR dimension in question, and the relationship between each of the seven CSR dimensions and total risk is time varying. Our empirical evidence suggests that firms should prioritize different CSR dimensions as an integral part of their CSR strategies and strategic management and change the priority in different market conditions.
Pedagogia universitária e formadores de professores de Educação Física: o que expressam as produções científicas?
Authors: Martins Adriana Claudia , Clates Daniela de Moura , Elesbão Heloisa , Camargo Maria Cecília da Silva
Published: September 2020

A investigação é desenvolvida no Programa de Pós-graduação em Educação Física da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria/RS e consiste em um levantamento do tipo estado da arte, estudo direcionado aos princípios da pesquisa bibliográfica. A proposta está estruturada a partir da investigação de produções científicas publicadas nos principais bancos de teses/dissertações e artigos científicos que abordam a formação de professores formadores de Educação Física e a pedagogia universitária, no período entre 2009-2019. Os resultados indicam a incipiência de estudos nessa temática e área, sinalizando a importância de mais pesquisas. Identifica-se, entretanto, que a autoformação e os conhecimentos subjacentes à docência universitária estão presentes nas produções analisadas.
A concepção de Cenografia que cria diferentes conexões entre edifício teatral e cidade
Authors: Pereira Regilan Deusamar Barbosa
Published: September 2020

O edifício teatral constrói relações profissionais e humanas, as quais desenvolvem singular trânsito entre este edifício e a cidade que o abriga. Esta perspectiva proporcionou um singular conceito de
O edifício teatral constrói relações profissionais e humanas, as quais desenvolvem singular trânsito entre este edifício e a cidade que o abriga. Esta perspectiva proporcionou um singular conceito de Cenografia. A fundamentação teórica está centrada no estudo epistemológico que Michel Foucault empreendeu, ao reconhecer no século XVI a ação cognitiva de “espacializar o conhecimento”, a qual conecta o microcosmo ao macrocosmo. Este “espacializar” cognitivo será considerado de acordo com os espaços físico e virtual. O virtual será analisado a partir da plataforma digital, que permite que performance teatral e plateia se encontrem em ruas e praças, recriando as normas de confinamento.
Cidade espaço inóspito: território do teatro de invasão
Authors: Carreira André
Published: September 2020

Este texto discute a cidade como espaço inóspito e violento, e sua abordagem pelas práticas de teatro de invasão. Esta modalidade teatral é analisada como estratégia dissidente com relação à lógica funcionalista da rua e como resistência à cultura da violência. O artigo também aborda o conflito como contexto dos processos de criação e habitação do espaço urbano pela experiência cênica.
Creation procedures in The Parthenon Metopes, by Romeo Castelluci
Authors: Marcondes Renan
Published: September 2020

The article analyzes procedures for creation and staging of the play The Partenon Metophes, by Romeo Castellucci. Based on Judith Butler and Walter Benjamin, we analyze central topics for the work, such as: the artist's use of images of war and violence that circulate in our daily lives; dialogue with aspects of the tragedy; the reference to the American artist Andy Warhol; the dissociation of the relationship between seeing and knowing that he proposes to his audience. Focusing on the formal choices of unframing, repetition of scenes and exposure of the bodies of the actors and actresses in this play, we seek to understand how the artist seeks a work in which the experiences of commotion and catharsis are suspended or displaced.
A presença do riso na Capoeira Angola
Authors: Silva Renata de Lima , Falcão José Luiz Cirqueira , Miranda Elderson Melo
Published: September 2020

Neste artigo analisamos a presença do riso na roda de Capoeira Angola, utilizando como principais campos de análises o arquétipo do malandro e a ética da malandragem. O riso constitui-se num fenômeno sócio antropológico que instaura o humor e o cômico nos absurdos da existência e na percepção da inadaptação ou da distração particular do indivíduo em relação aos costumes sociais. No imaginário popular o arquétipo do malandro evoca esperteza, sagacidade e engenhosidade e é bastante enaltecido entre os angoleiros. A malandragem na Capoeira Angola é aqui discutida a partir da dimensão corporal, com ênfase no jogo, na brincadeira e especialmente no riso. Analisamos o transcurso da malandragem como algo que se consolidou no Brasil no início do Século XX e tem influenciado sobremaneira a prática da capoeira até os dias atuais.
Palhaças e palhaços atuando em palcos hospitalares
Authors: Brum Daiani Cezimbra Severo Rossini
Published: September 2020

Este trabalho consiste na apresentação do artista cênico Wellington Nogueira, fundador da Associação Doutores da Alegria, e de entrevista cedida por ele transcrita na íntegra. O entrevistado narra o desenvolvimento e a inserção de figuras palhacescas profissionais em ambiente hospitalares, desde 1991. Promovendo a investigação de novas configurações espaciais no âmbito dos hospitais, e no campo da palhaçaria, assim como o estabelecimento de relações artísticas, humanas, políticas e sociais entre artistas e pessoas em situação hospitalar, esse fenômeno, a partir do projeto trazido ao Brasil por Wellington Nogueira, foi amplamente difundido no país, onde atuam contemporaneamente centenas de grupos.
LES IMMATÉRIAUX
Authors: Lage Celina Figueiredo , Alves Amanda
Published: September 2020

O artigo propõe a análise de aspectos da exposição Les Immateriaux. Curada pelo filósofo Jean-François Lyotard em 1964, foi apresentada no Centre Georges Pompidou, em Paris, de 28 de março a 15 de julho de 1985. A mostra significou um marco na história das exposições por servir como veículo visual para a transmissão de um discurso filosófico. Entende-se que a pertinência da análise é advinda da possibilidade de discutir aspectos da metodologia de estudo da história das exposições, da utilização da curadoria aliada ao pensamento filosófico e do diagnóstico de aspectos característicos da curadoria contemporânea.
Semejanzas entre procedimientos de Erwin Piscator y procesos de creación dramatúrgica actorales
Authors: Lucas Elisa Martins
Published: September 2020

El artículo presenta un análisis de los procedimientos adoptados por el director alemán Erwin Piscator en los procesos adaptativos de las piezas Rasputín (1927) y Las Aventuras del Buen Soldado Schweik (1927) y los compara con algunos procesos de creación dramatúrgica contemporáneos. Los procedimientos utilizados por Erwin Piscator pueden ser considerados como precursores del proceso de creación dramatúrgica actoral desarrollado por actores contemporáneos, pero desde el punto de vista del director.
Mental health in people with substance use disorder: differential aspects between men and women
Authors: Santos de Pacual Asunción , Saura Garre Pedro , López Soler Concepción
Published: September 2020

El propósito de este estudio es presentar el perfil psicopatológico y las diferencias entre hombres y mujeres que inician tratamiento residencial para las adicciones.

La muestra se compuso de 142 pacientes (116 hombres y 26 mujeres), que cumplimentaron el EuropASI y MMCMI-III.

Se analizan variables socio-demográficas, patrón de consumo y otras características, así como patrones, trastornos de personalidad y síndromes clínicos. El grupo de hombres presenta alta prevalencia en el patrón de personalidad antisocial (31%). Las mujeres, en el depresivo (23,1%), dependiente (26,9%) y antisocial (26,9%), solo en el dependiente las diferencias son estadísticamente significativas.

En los síndromes clínicos los hombres presentan prevalencia en dependencia de sustancias (86,2%), trastorno de ansiedad (60,3%) y dependencia de alcohol (45,7%), las mujeres en el trastorno de ansiedad (76,9%), dependencia de alcohol (69,2%), sustancias (53,8%) y distímico (46,2%). Aparecen diferencias significativas estadísticamente en el trastorno ansioso, distímico y dependencia de alcohol, donde las mujeres se muestran más afectadas.

En el síndrome clínico trastorno de pensamiento los hombres puntúan más alto y las mujeres más altas en depresión, en ambos casos las diferencias son estadísticamente significativas.

Se comentan las implicaciones que estos resultados tienen en la evaluación y mejora de los tratamientos.

 

 

 

The aim of this study is to present the psychopathological profile and the differences between men and women who start an addition residential treatment.

The sample included 142 patients (116 were men and 26 women). We analysed socio-demographic variables, consumption pattern as well as personality disorders and clinical syndromes using EuropASI and MCMI-III as evaluating instruments.

Men group showed a high prevalence at antisocial personality disorder (31%). On the other hand, women did so at depressive (23,1%), dependent (26,9%) and antisocial (26,9%) patterns, finding statistically significant differences only at the dependent disorder.

At clinical syndromes men showed a relevant prevalence when analysing substances dependence (86,2%), anxiety disorder (60,3%) and alcohol dependence (45,7%), and women group at anxiety disorder (76,9%), alcohol dependence (69,2%), substances (53,8%) and dysthymic (46,2%). We found statistically significant differences at anxiety disorder, dystymic and alcohol dependence where women appeared to be more affected.

At thought clinical syndrome men raised higher scores, and women did so at depression, being both differences statistically significant.

The results are discussed and their clinical implications analysed.

 

Keywords: dual diagnosis, personality disorders, addiction, psychopathology, gender.
Differences between Latin American and Spanish men in a batterer intervention programme: proximal and final outcomes
Authors: Vargas Viviana , Conchell Raquel , Expósito-Álvarez Cristina , Lila Murillo Marisol
Published: September 2020

El objetivo de este estudio es comprobar si existen diferencias en la efectividad de un programa de intervención para hombres condenados por violencia de género, en función del lugar de procedencia de los participantes (i.e., españoles e inmigrantes latinoamericanos). Se utilizó una muestra de 425 hombres penados por violencia de género que participaban en un programa estándar de intervención en España. Se consideraron como variables finales la reincidencia oficial y el riesgo de reincidencia y como variables proximales la intención de cambio, la asunción de responsabilidad, la adherencia al tratamiento y el compromiso con la intervención. No se encontraron diferencias entre participantes españoles y latinoamericanos en las variables riesgo de reincidencia, intención de cambio, asunción de responsabilidad al sistema legal y a la víctima. Únicamente se encontraron diferencias significativas entre estos dos grupos en la variable compromiso con la intervención. Los resultados sugieren que, al menos para los inmigrantes latinoamericanos que se encuentran participando en programas de intervención con hombres condenados por violencia de género en España, no parece necesario ajustar la intervención en función de las diferencias culturales, siendo suficiente el uso de estrategias motivacionales para promover el cambio.

The aim of this study was to test whether there are differences in the effectiveness of a Batterer Intervention Programme (BIP) for Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) perpetrators depending on the participants’ countries of origin (i.e., Spanish or Latin American immigrants). The sample included 425 male offenders who participated in a court-mandated standard BIP in Spain. Official recidivism and risk of recidivism were considered the final outcomes. Intention to change, responsibility attribution, adherence to treatment and treatment compliance were taken as the proximal outcomes. No differences were found in risk of recidivism, intention to change, responsibility attribution to the legal system and to the victim between the Spanish and Latin American participants. Significant differences between both groups were found for the variable treatment compliance. The results suggest that, at least for the Latin American immigrants participating in BIPs in Spain, it is apparently not necessary to adjust BIPs to cultural differences as adopting motivational strategies to promote change suffices.
On The Quotient of a Centralized and a Non-centralized Complex Gaussian
Random Variable
Authors: Gu Dazhen
Published: September 2020

A detailed investigation of the quotient of two independent complex random
variables is presented. The numerator has a zero mean, and the denominator has a
non-zero mean. A normalization step is taken prior to the theoretical developments in
order to simplify the formulation. Next, an indirect approach is taken to derive the
statistics of the modulus and phase angle of the quotient. That in turn enables a
straightforward extension of the statistical results to real and imaginary parts. After
the normalization procedure, the probability density function of the quotient is found
as a function of only the mean of the random variable that corresponds to the
denominator term. Asymptotic analysis shows that the quotient closely resembles a
normally-distributed complex random variable as the mean becomes large. In addition, the
first and second moments, as well as the approximate of the second moment of the clipped
random variable, are derived, which are closely related to practical applications in
complex-signal processing such as microwave metrology of scattering-parameters.
Tolerance intervals associated with the ratio of complex random variables are
presented.
« Comment peut-on être cochon ? » : darwinisme et conscience chez Darrieussecq
Authors: Kemp Simon
Published: September 2020

Les liens de plus en plus étroits entre les sciences cognitives et la théorie darwinienne ont permis de faire des découvertes fascinantes au cours des dernières décennies, souvent adoptées par les sciences humaines avec enthousiasme, et on a vu émerger de cette confluence la naissance de nouvelles disciplines comme la psychologie évolutionniste et la neuro-phénoménologie. L’intérêt de Darrieussecq pour la cognition humaine et animale fait de son oeuvre un site d’exploration de plusieurs questions liées à ces domaines de recherche. Ses personnages s’interrogent sur la vie intérieure et l’univers phénoménologique des chiens, des chats et des insectes. La focalisation narrative de son histoire saute brusquement d’une conscience humaine à celle d’un lion de mer ou d’un requin pèlerin. Notamment, dans le premier roman de Darrieussecq, le lecteur suit la subjectivité de la narratrice à travers sa métamorphose entre être humain et truie, y compris un statut incertain entre les deux, en se rendant compte petit à petit que ce n’est pas que la forme physique de la narratrice qui se transforme mais aussi son univers mental. Cet article démontre que l’exploration de la conscience animale et humaine chez Darrieussecq ne sert pas seulement de métaphore de l’intersubjectivité et de la difficulté à comprendre la conscience de l’autre, mais offre aussi une méditation sur ce que c’est que l'humanité et sur sa place dans un spectre darwinien de cerveaux différemment adaptés.
The Ecopoetics of Reparation: Energy, Air and Cosmos in Marie Darrieussecq’s Tom est mort
Authors: McCaffrey Enda
Published: September 2020

This article establishes that reparation from grief is a process of “working through” trauma in which death is a catalyst for a re-imagination of the human form. “Working through” trauma comes about in different ways in Tom est mort. It manifests itself firstly as a process “outside” Judeo-Christian and socio-cultural signifiers and outside traditional limits of cognition and subjectivity. Darrieussecq views reparation as a process of nonanthropocentric and anthropogenic relationality (with other species and other non-human phenomena) in which new coalitions and affinities offer an alternative post-human ontology founded in the reduction and dissolution of human form into atoms and particles. Secondly, reparation finds an ecopoetic continuity and sustainability in the narrator’s proximity to and approximation with the physics and spherical production of motion (energy, air, cosmos) and the reparative possibilities posed by this physics to traditional, psychic forms of communication. Darrieussecq’s vision is the hidden energy that operates in space around us. It is a knowledge of the hidden that comes from an acknowledgement of human redundancy in the face of the planet’s eco-vitality.
Posthuman Conjectures: Animal and Ecological Sciences in Marie Darrieussecq’s Dystopian Fiction
Authors: Posthumus Stephanie
Published: September 2020

Despite being published over twenty years apart, Marie Darrieussecq’s novels, Truismes (1996) and Notre vie dans les forêts (2017), share many features including their dystopian setting, urgent narrative tone, and themes of hybridity, corporeality and radical revelation. Deconstructing the boundaries between animal and human, nature and culture, human and machine, they invite the reader to move beyond anthropocentrism. In response to this invitation, I propose four posthuman conjectures, tracing the ethos of animal and ecological sciences in the two novels. First, I examine the ways in which the presence of non-human animal worlds requires imagining new subjectivities and writing embodied languages. Second, I move from the animal world to the machine cyborg who remains caught in the effects and affects of the techno-scientific complex in Darrieussecq’s dystopian fiction. Third, I consider the space made in both novels for death and dying as a non-metaphysical phenomenon situating humans in an eco-evolutionary web. Last, I define writing as a form of (post)human technology that the novels use to reject the notion of human superiority and to illustrate language’s capacity to imagine new, less-hierarchical paradigms.
Révolte contre l’effacement et sur-vie à l’ère de l’hypertechnologie dans Notre vie dans les forêts de Marie Darrieussecq
Authors: Fréville Carine
Published: September 2020

À travers le récit de Viviane, la narratrice de son dernier roman en date, Notre vie dans les forêts, Marie Darrieussecq nous dépeint un monde dystopique effrayant, tout en nous entraînant dans une réflexion sur le clonage et l’omniprésence exponentielle des nouvelles technologies dans nos vies. Il s’agira, dans cet article, d’analyser et d’interroger les diverses pratiques de révolte et de résistance que nous donne à lire le récit-testament de Viviane. Tout d’abord, avec l’espace de la forêt comme seule alternative à l’hypertechnologie et à l’hypersurveillance ; puis la révolte de Viviane et sa tentative d’établir une figuration alternative ; pour enfin terminer par l’exploration de son écriture comme manipulation de la langue et pratique de création poéthique résistante.
Kreyol Intertextuality and Decolonizing Narrative in Veillées noires
Authors: Meehan Kevin
Published: September 2020

This essay identifies three levels of intertextuality in the short story, “Echec et mat” by Léon-Gontran Damas. Incorporating folkloric tales, lyrics from popular music, and 19th Century satiric writing in Kreyol, “Echec et mat” offers a microcosm of the intertextual techniques employed throughout the entire collection, Veillées noires. In particular, I analyze Damas’s embedding of a satire written and published in Kreyol by Guadeloupean author Paul Baudot. While this Kreyol satire—written by a white béké author from the mid-19th Century—is ambiguous politically, and must be determined by musical and folkloric references, Damas nevertheless signals the importance of earlier Caribbean writing in Kreyol. Such writing co-exists with other forms of cultural production and is part of the reservoir from which Damas draws to assemble his complex anti-colonial discourse. These intertextual traces reveal a cultural identity that is plural as well as anti-colonial.
L'imaginaire de Damas dans Black-Label, une matrice de l'enchevêtrement
Authors: Bédouret-Larraburu Sandrine , Bédouret David
Published: September 2020

Black-label de Damas est une expérience à la fois poétique et géographique : le poète plie le langage à ses différents états d’âme, conséquences d’une consommation de whisky mise en scène par l’écriture et cherche à explorer cette identité triangulaire « noir, démuni, homme », mais aussi « africaine, amérindienne, européenne ». Le surréalisme de Damas se construit sur la réappropriation d’une histoire et d’une culture nègre qui fait intervenir un imaginaire matrice d’une géographicité et d’une poéticité hybrides. L’imaginaire de Damas nous fait tout d’abord voyager dans l’espace et le temps dessinant les territoires et l’histoire de référence du peuple noir. Il nourrit une langue poétique qui puise dans ces différents territoires et fait résonner le créole, l’amérindien dans un français soigné et réapproprié.
“Discourses of Displacement” in the Ethnography of Léon-Gontran Damas and Poetry of Charles Baudelaire
Authors: Reyes Salas Michael
Published: September 2020

It is not far-fetched to imagine that the French underclass that occupied the city streets Charles Baudelaire roamed as a flâneur could have turned up in the bagne, or penal colony, described by the Negritude poet Léon Damas in his ethnographic field work in Guyane. Through a literary analysis of Damas’ ethnography, Retour de Guyane (1938), in tandem with a selection of prose-poems by Baudelaire from Le Spleen de Paris (1869) and Les Fleurs du mal (1857), this article calls attention to the parallels between the observational methods of urban spectatorship they use to collect case studies for their writing. The interpretive approach I use acknowledges the crossover between literary creativity and sociological analysis and is informed by a theoretical framework that couples Negritude’s anticolonialism with carceral studies. My analysis of these texts is situated in the context of the French Third Republic’s laws against recidivism and vagrancy in the late nineteenth century, which carried the penalty of forced deportation to distant penal colonies, a punitive practice that continued into the early twentieth century. In Baudelaire’s case, changing sociopolitical circumstances in light of Hausmannisation necessitated new modes of how writers dealt with the capital city’s exclusionary development. In the case of Damas, his critique of mise en valeur culture and exploitative colonial scholarship prompted his departure from the conventional practice of salvage ethnography that feigned inclusive objectivity. The article focuses on passages that highlight overlapping colonial and carceral attributes within both the colony and metropole. In conclusion, I argue that Damas’ condemnation of the mission civilisatrice, alongside Baudelaire’s contestation of degraded urban environments, point towards a poetics of colonial society’s intoxication with power.
Masquereading Léon Damas' Mine de riens
Authors: Gyssels Kathleen
Published: September 2020

In French Guiana, “macoumé” is the offensive term for the supposedly or proven homosexual. In a long passage from Black-Label, the poet rhymed, in a self-portrait as the “Beautiful Choir Child”, the roses “miraculées, immaculées, immatriculées” (BL 38). I have always heard the term put in quotation marks: “macoumé.” Starting from the concepts of “Masquereading” (Marie-Hélène Bourcier) and “homotextuality” (Jean-Pierre Rocchi), I propose a new approach to this impudent and immoralist (Gide launched Damas, after all) poetry. He will have been a “maskilili”, a Native American devil who is never where he is expected to be, defying expectations and above all putting his right shoe on his left foot.
[Fichier audio] PIGMENTS and the Clarinet Choir - Quand malgré moi
Authors: Hazebrouck Guillaume
Published: September 2020

Pièce musicale du groupe PIGMENTS and the Clarinet Choir
[Fichier audio] PIGMENTS and the Clarinet Choir - Soudain d'une cruauté feinte
Authors: Hazebrouck Guillaume
Published: September 2020

Pièce musicale du groupe PIGMENTS and the Clarinet Choir
Camus, Mauriac et l’épuration (1944-1945)
Authors: Grégoire Vincent
Published: September 2020

À la Libération, tandis que Camus demande, dans Combat, une épuration « courte », « bien faite » et « limitée » dans le temps qui aboutisse à l’exécution des pires criminels collaborateurs, Mauriac, quoique résistant lui-même, y est essentiellement opposé parce qu’il devine que cette épuration va être synonyme de parodie de justice. Ce dernier va ainsi chercher à obtenir la grâce d’écrivains qui se sont, selon lui, fourvoyés en collaborant mais ne méritent pas la mort. Dès janvier 1945, Camus aura rejoint le point de vue de Mauriac et concèdera en 1948 que son aîné avait raison de privilégier la clémence à la rigueur, la charité à la peine capitale. Notre étude va développer l’évolution de ces deux autorités morales sur la question de la justice à l’été et l’automne 1944, une évolution qui n’a pas été linéaire, même pour Mauriac, et qui va aboutir au ralliement de l’éditeur en chef de Combat à la « philosophie de la clémence » de l’éditorialiste du Figaro.
Entre Haïti et le Québec. La conceptualisation de l’oraliture et de l’homme américain dans la position exotopique de Maximilien Laroche
Authors: Del Rossi Sara
Published: September 2020

À partir des années 1960, la critique littéraire québécoise connaît un élan innovateur surtout dans le cadre de la littérature comparée. Maximilien Laroche (1937-2017), critique et professeur haïtien installé au Québec depuis les années 1960, s’insère dans cette vague en établissant des ponts et points de convergence entre les littératures québécoise et haïtienne. Cet article se propose d’analyser la pensée de Laroche, en prenant pour objet sa situation de l’entre-deux, marquée par l’interface Haïti-Québec qui engendre ses deux concepts clef : « l’homme américain » et « l’oraliture ». À travers l’analyse de ses principaux ouvrages, nous essayerons de montrer que la position exotopique (Bakhtine) de Laroche, entre les aires culturelles et littéraires du Québec et d’Haïti, contribue à une ouverture inédite aux études comparées interaméricaines, à la fois continentales (le Québec, les États-Unis, Le Brésil et la Chine) et insulaires (l’apport des croyances amérindiennes et de la culture populaire haïtienne). Toutefois, cette mondialisation du regard chez Laroche n’est jamais déconnectée de sa culture d’origine, au contraire, elle lui permet de remettre en valeur l’oraliture haïtienne, focalisée sur les croyances et valeurs ancestrales.
L'universalisation de la catastrophe haïtienne dans Tout bouge autour de moi de Dany Laferrière
Authors: Vignoli Alessia
Published: September 2020

Ouvrage hybride et difficile à classer dans une catégorie préétablie, Tout bouge autour de moi de l’haïtien-québécois Dany Laferrière est une réflexion composite, déclenchée par le tremblement de terre qui a ravagé Haïti, en particulier sa capitale Port-au-Prince, en janvier 2010. Cet article se propose de mettre en corrélation l’événement (progression des séquences d’action, urgence de témoigner, précipitation des faits) et la méditation de type essayistique qui permet à l’écrivain haïtien-québécois de transcender et universaliser le drame haïtien. Nous nous appuierons sur l’analyse de quelques extraits tirés de Tout bouge autour de moi pour montrer que l’universalisation de la catastrophe opérée par Laferrière est possible grâce à de multiples références de deux types : culturelles (les peintres et les écrivains haïtiens et étrangers, parmi lesquels Paul Morand, Stefan Zweig, Amos Oz) et extraterritoriales (les liens entre Haïti et d’autres espaces, comme le Brésil et le Québec).