bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Detection of Peer-to-Peer Botnets using Graph Mining
Authors: Borah Dhruba Jyoti , Sarma Abhijit
Published: April 2023

Peer-to-Peer (P2P) botnets are significant threats to the Internet. The botnet traffic is increasing rapidly every year and impacts the entire Internet. A P2P botnet is responsible for launching various malicious activities such as DDoS attacks, click fraud attacks, stealing confidential information from bank and government websites, etc. It is challenging to detect P2P botnets because of their high resiliency against detection. This paper proposes a method that uses a network communication graph from network flow data to detect botnets. Three graph-mining techniques are used to detect bot nodes individually. The method's final result is obtained by applying an ensemble algorithm to the results of the three graph-mining techniques. A synthetic dataset from a testbed is used to assess the method's performance. In addition, the method is evaluated using a publicly available dataset. Experimental results show that the method performs with an accuracy of 99.99%, a precision of 94.29% ,and a recall of 98.02%, which is better than existing methods.
Secure Routing Protocol to Mitigate Attacks by using Blockchain Technology in MANET
Authors: Ghodichor Nitesh , V Raj Thaneeghavl , Sahu Dinesh , Borkar Gautam , Sawarkar Ankush
Published: April 2023

MANET is a collection of mobile nodes that communicate through wireless networks as they move from one point to another. MANET is an infrastructure-less network with a changeable topology; as a result, it is very susceptible to attacks. MANET attack prevention represents a serious difficulty. Malicious network nodes are the source of network-based attacks. In a MANET, attacks can take various forms, and each one alters the network's operation in its unique way. In general, attacks can be separated into two categories: those that target the data traffic on a network and those that target the control traffic. This article explains the many sorts of assaults, their impact on MANET, and the MANET-based defence measures that are currently in place. The suggested SRA that employs blockchain technology (SRABC) protects MANET from attacks and authenticates nodes. The secure routing algorithm (SRA) proposed by blockchain technology safeguards control and data flow against threats. This is achieved by generating a Hash Function for every transaction. We will begin by discussing the security of the MANET. This article's second section explores the role of blockchain in MANET security. In the third section, the SRA is described in connection with blockchain. In the fourth phase, PDR and Throughput are utilised to conduct an SRA review using Blockchain employing PDR and Throughput. The results suggest that the proposed technique enhances MANET security while concurrently decreasing delay. The performance of the proposed technique is analysed and compared to the routing protocols Q-AODV and DSR.
Class Imbalance Handling Techniques used in Depression Prediction and Detection
Authors: Ndaba Simisani
Published: April 2023

Depression is a prevailing mental disturbance affecting an individual’s thinking and mental development. There has been much research demonstrating effective automated prediction and detection of Depression.Many datasets used suffer from class imbalance where samples of a dominant class outnumber the minority class that is to be detected. This review paper uses the PRISMA review methodology to enlist different class imbalance handling techniques used in Depression prediction and detection research. The articles were taken from information technology databases. The research gap was found that under sampling methods were few for predicting and detecting Depression and regression modelling could be considered for future research. The results also revealed that the common data level technique is SMOTE as a single method and the common ensemble method is SMOTE, oversampling and under sampling techniques. The model level consisted of various algorithms that can be used to tackle the class imbalance problem.
Demand Forecasting of a Perishable Dairy Drink: An ARIMA Approach
Authors: Musora T , Chazuka Z , Jaison A , Mapurisa J , Kamusha J
Published: April 2023

Any organization engaged in trading aims to maximize earnings while maintaining costs at their bare minimum. One of the inexpensive ways to accomplish this objective is through sales forecasting.Evidence from empirical literature has shown that sales forecasting frequently results in better customer service, fewer returns of goods, less dead stock, and effective production scheduling. Successful sales forecasting systems are essential for the food sector because of the limited shelf life of food goods and thesignificance of product quality. In this paper, we generated sales of forecasts for a perishable dairy drink using the famous ARIMA approach. We identified the ARIMA (0, 1, 1)(0, 1, 1)12 as the proper model formodeling the daily sales forecast of the perishable drink. After performing model diagnostics, the modelsatisfied all the model assumptions, and a strong positive linear relationship (R2 > 0.9) was observed when the actual daily sales were regressed against the forecasted values.
Tion Sport: A Mobile Application Designed to Improve a School’s Sport Event Scheduling System
Authors: Duan Junhong , Zhang Yujia
Published: April 2023

In my freshman year, I joined the school’s football team. However, the application they used at the time was incredibly confusing and difficult to navigate. The scheduling system that is currently in place has much room for improvement. This paper covers the development of an application that implements a new scheduling system that is hopefully easier for people to manage. To test the effectiveness of the application at creating a better user experience, an experiment was performed in which ten participants were gathered to test the features of the application, then complete a Google Forms survey that asked the participants to rate the functionality of the application and the convenience of the application on a scale from one to ten [1][2]. The results indicated that the newly developed application would be a suitable replacement for the current school sports application, as many of the participants stated that the application both functioned properly and was very intuitive.
A Machine Learning Method for Prediction of Yogurt Quality and Consumers Preferencesusing Sensory Attributes and Image Processing Techniques
Authors: Hany Maha , Rashwan Shaheera , Abdelmotilib Neveen M.
Published: April 2023

Prediction of quality and consumers’ preferences is essential task for food producers to improve their market share and reduce any gap in food safety standards. In this paper, we develop a machine learning method to predict yogurt preferences based on the sensory attributes and analysis of samples’ images using image processing texture and color feature extraction techniques. We compare three unsupervised ML feature selection techniques (Principal Component Analysis and Independent Component Analysis and t-distributed Stochastic Neighbour Embedding) with one supervised ML feature selection technique (Linear Discriminant Analysis) in terms of accuracy of classification. Results show the efficiency of the supervised ML feature selection technique over the traditional feature selection techniques.
El régimen jurídico del dominio público marítimo-terrestre y su articulación con el planeamiento territorial y urbanístico
Authors: García Morales Verónica Yazmín
Published: April 2023

El ejercicio de competencias por distintas entidades territoriales es una de las peculiaridades más sobresalientes del espacio costero. En el presente estudio se lleva a cabo un análisis del régimen jurídico de protección del dominio público marítimo-terrestre y su articulación con la competencia de ordenación del territorio y urbanismo, en concreto en lo que al ámbito del planeamiento se refiere. Para ello, es importante destacar que dicho análisis se realiza desde dos perspectivas bien distintas. Por un lado, el condicionamiento que la regulación de la zona marítimo-terrestre ejerce sobre el planeamiento territorial y urbanístico. Donde será el régimen de protección del dominio público marítimo-terrestre, establecido por el Estado, el que prevalezca, en todo caso, respecto de las determinaciones autonómicas y locales. Por otra parte, en los terrenos colindantes al dominio público marítimo-terrestre, la proyección de su régimen jurídico de protección es bastante más limitada. Esto es, una vez que el Estado carece de facultades para concretar la clasificación y calificación urbanística en la servidumbre de protección y zona de influencia, serán los planes territoriales y urbanísticos los que, en aplicación de las normas para la protección del dominio público marítimo-terrestre, establezcan los usos del suelo en dicho ámbito espacial. Si bien esta decisión vendrá condicionada por el Estado, son las comunidades autónomas las que, en última instancia, determinan los instrumentos y mecanismos para su ejecución.
El futuro del mercado concesional en Europa
Authors: Lazo Vitoria Ximena
Published: April 2023

Este trabajo ha obtenido el Accésit Premio Estudios Financieros 2013 en la modalidad de Derecho Constitucional-Administrativo.
Hasta la fecha, el derecho de la Unión Europea no ha regulado sistematizadamente los contratos de concesión (los de obras se someten de forma muy limitada a sus disposiciones, mientras que los de servicios están formalmente excluidos de su ámbito de aplicación). Recientemente y tras un prolongado procedimiento de evaluación y consulta previa, la Comisión Europea ha estimado conveniente elaborar un estatuto singular para dichos contratos. Una decisión que, sin embargo, ha generado una notable oposición, especialmente por la inclusión de determinados servicios de interés general en dicho estatuto. En este trabajo se estudian críticamente los rasgos más destacados de la iniciativa (en fase avanzada de aprobación legislativa), cuya aprobación sin duda cambiará de modo significativo la fisionomía del mercado concesional comunitario.
La implementación del Objetivo de Desarrollo Sostenible 12 en el marco de la Unión Europea
Authors: Avilés García Javier
Published: April 2023

Los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible de Naciones Unidas (ODS) constituyen la hoja de ruta avanzada en Europa de la sostenibilidad. La Unión Europea dirige las líneas maestras de su implementación, y el transcurso del tiempo evidencia el peligro de incurrir en una retórica huera sobre las exigencias inevitables de esta «sostenibilidad» en parcelas tan importantes que afectan a los consumidores o usuarios. Parece imprescindible un mayor esfuerzo para explicar con mayor rigor sus objetivos y los previsibles cambios en la profusa reglamentación, normativa y los trabajos preparatorios en curso que inciden sobre la vida útil de los bienes o productos de consumo, que exigen medidas claras y precisas en la lucha efectiva contra la obsolescencia técnica o programada de miles de productos (contexto del ODS 12). Dentro de la copiosa y dispersa legislación nacional y europea vigentes, un análisis jurídico transversal del ciclo de vida útil mínima de los bienes de consumo nos permitirá identificar los problemas clave y vislumbrar soluciones a muchas disfuncionalidades actuales en la cadena de distribución entre productores, empresarios y consumidores, y ello en el contexto de esta materia gris que denominamos «derecho de consumo», indefectiblemente unida al derecho privado, elemento vertebrador indispensable. No cabe duda de que el principio de sostenibilidad de los bienes de consumo debe conjugarse necesariamente con la protección real y precisa de los derechos de los consumidores, en medio de una economía circular colaborativa más competitiva que facilite la lucha efectiva y real contra la obsolescencia técnica o programada.
EFFECTS OF CASH CRUNCH ON SMALL AND MEDIUM SCALE ENTERPRISES IN DELTA STATE
Authors: Emmanuel Mitaire Tarurhor (Ph.D)  , Emmanuel Ejiroghene Aruoren (Ph.D)
Published: April 2023

Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (SMEs) sales turnover has been drastically affected because customers are now prone to down their expenditures due to the effect of the cashless policy in Nigeria. This study examines the effects of the cash crunch on the sales of SMEs in Delta State. A descriptive survey design was adopted while one hundred and ten copies of research questionnaires were distributed to SMEs owners. However, eighty-seven copies of the retrieved questionnaires were found relevant to the analysis. The result indicates that the cash crunch had positive and statistically significant relationship with the sales of SMEs at a 0.05 level of significance. The study recommends that government and the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) should compel commercial banks to invest in enhancing network bandwidth to improve electronic transfers and encourage electronic money usage.

Keywords: Cash Crunch, Small and Medium Scale Enterprises, Cashless Policy,  Electronic Transfer, Electronic Money.
Satellite observations of smoke–cloud–radiation interactions over the Amazon rainforest
Authors: Herbert Ross , Stier Philip
Published: April 2023

Abstract. The Amazon rainforest routinely experiences intense and long-lived biomass
burning events that result in smoke plumes that cover vast regions. The
spatial and temporal extent of the plumes and the complex pathways through
which they interact with the atmosphere have proved challenging to measure
for purposes of gaining a representative understanding of smoke impacts on the Amazonian
atmosphere. In this study, we use multiple collocated satellite sensors
on board AQUA and TERRA platforms to study the underlying
smoke–cloud–radiation interactions during the diurnal cycle. An 18-year
time series for both morning and afternoon overpasses is constructed,
providing collocated measurements of aerosol optical depth (AOD; column-integrated aerosol extinction), cloud properties, top-of-atmosphere
radiative fluxes, precipitation, and column water vapour content from
independent sources. The long-term time series reduces the impact of interannual variability and
provides robust evidence that smoke significantly modifies the Amazonian
atmosphere. Low loadings of smoke (AOD ≤ 0.4) enhance convective
activity, cloudiness, and precipitation, but higher loadings (AOD > 0.4) strongly suppress afternoon convection and promote
low-level cloud occurrence. Accumulated precipitation increases with
convective activity but remains elevated under high smoke loadings,
suggesting fewer but more intense convective cells. Contrasting morning and
afternoon cloud responses to smoke are observed, in line with recent
simulations. Observations of top-of-atmosphere radiative fluxes support the
findings and show that the response of low-level cloud properties and
cirrus coverage to smoke results in a pronounced and consistent increase in
top-of-atmosphere outgoing radiation (cooling) of up to 50 W m−2 for an AOD perturbation of +1.0. The results demonstrate that smoke strongly modifies the atmosphere over the Amazon via widespread changes to the cloud field properties. Rapid
adjustments work alongside instantaneous radiative effects to drive a
stronger cooling effect from smoke than previously thought, whilst
contrasting morning and afternoon responses of liquid and ice water paths
highlight a potential method for constraining aerosol impacts on climate.
Increased drought susceptibility, land use change, and deforestation will
have important and widespread impacts on the region over the coming decades.
Based on this analysis, we anticipate that further increases in anthropogenic
fire activity will associated with an overall reduction in regional
precipitation and a negative forcing (cooling) on the Earth's energy
budget.
Further validation of the estimates of the downwelling solar radiation at ground level in cloud-free conditions provided by the McClear service: the case of Sub-Saharan Africa and the Maldives Archipelago
Authors: Wandji Nyamsi William , Saint-Drenan Yves-Marie , Arola Antti , Wald Lucien
Published: April 2023

Abstract. Being part of the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS), the McClear service provides estimates of the downwelling shortwave irradiance and its direct and diffuse components received at ground level in cloud-free conditions, with inputs on ozone, water vapor and aerosol properties from CAMS. McClear estimates have been validated over several parts of the world by various authors. This article makes a step forward by comparing McClear estimates to measurements performed at 44 ground-based stations located in Sub-Saharan Africa and the Maldives Archipelago in the Indian Ocean. The global irradiance received on a horizontal surface (G) and its direct component received at normal incidence (BN) provided by the McClear-v3 service were compared to 1 min measurements made in cloud-free conditions at the stations. The correlation coefficient is greater than 0.96 for G, whereas it is greater than 0.70 at all stations but five for BN. The mean of G is accurately estimated at stations located in arid climates (BSh, BWh, BSk, BWk) and temperate climates without a dry season and a hot or warm summer (Cfa, Cfb) or with a dry and hot summer (Csa) with a relative bias in the range [−1.5, 1.5] % with respect to the means of the measurements at each station. It is underestimated in tropical climates of monsoon type (Am) and overestimated in tropical climates of savannah type (Aw) and temperate climates with a dry winter and hot (Cwa) or warm (Cwb) summer. The McClear service tends to overestimate the mean of BN. The standard deviation of errors for G ranges between 13 W m−2 (1.3 %) and 31 W m−2 (3.7 %) and that for BN ranges between 31 W m−2 (3.0 %), and 70 W m−2 (7.9 %). Both offer small variations in time and space. A review of previous works reveals no significant difference between their results and ours. This work establishes a general overview of the performances of the McClear service.
Measuring diameters and velocities of artificial raindrops with a neuromorphic dynamic vision sensor disdrometer
Authors: Steiner Jan , Micev Kire , Aydin Asude , Rieckermann Jörg , Delbruck Tobi
Published: April 2023

Abstract. Hydrometers that can measure size and velocity distributions of precipitation are needed for research and corrections of rainfall estimates from weather radars and microwave links. Existing video disdrometers measure drop size distributions, but underestimate small raindrops and are impractical for widespread always-on IoT deployment. We propose an innovative method of measuring droplet size and velocity using a neuromorphic event camera. These dynamic vision sensors asynchronously output a sparse stream of pixel brightness changes. Droplets falling through the plane of focus create events generated by the motion of the droplet. Droplet size and speed are inferred from the stream of events. Using an improved hard disk arm actuator to reliably generate artificial raindrops, our experiments show small errors of 7 % (maximum mean absolute percentage error) for droplet sizes from 0.3 to 2.5 mm and speeds from 1.3 m/s to 8.0 m/s. Each droplet requires the processing of only a few hundred to thousands of events, potentially enabling low-power always-on disdrometers that consume power proportional to the rainfall rate.
Extending MESMER-X: A spatially resolved Earth system model emulator for fire weather and soil moisture
Authors: Quilcaille Yann , Gudmundsson Lukas , Seneviratne Sonia Isabelle
Published: April 2023

Abstract. Climate emulators are models calibrated on Earth System Models (ESMs) to replicate their behaviour. Thanks to their low computational cost, these tools are becoming increasingly important to accelerate the exploration of emission scenarios and the coupling of climate information to other models. However, the emulation of regional climate extremes and water cycle variables has remained challenging. The MESMER emulator was recently expanded to represent regional temperature extremes in the new “MESMER-X” version, which is targeted at impact-related variables, including extremes. This paper presents a further expansion of MESMER-X to represent indices related to fire weather and soil moisture. Given a trajectory of global mean temperature, the extended emulator generates spatially-resolved realisations for the seasonal average of the Canadian Fire Weather Index (FWI), the number of days with extreme fire weather, the annual average of the soil moisture and the annual minimum of the monthly average soil moisture. For each ESM, the emulations mimic the statistical distributions and the spatial patterns of these indicators. For each of the four variables considered, we calculate how much do the quantiles of the emulations deviate from those of the ESMs, resulting in good performances. Moreover, we argue that this framework can be expanded to further variables, given that it works over a large range of annual indicators. Overall, the now expanded MESMER-X emulator can emulate several climate variables, including climate extremes and soil moisture availability, and is a useful tool for the exploration of regional climate changes and their impacts.
A VLF/LF facility network for preseismic electromagnetic investigations
Authors: Galopeau Patrick H. M. , Maxworth Ashanthi S. , Boudjada Mohammed Y. , Eichelberger Hans U. , Meftah Mustapha , Biagi Pier F. , Schwingenschuh Konrad
Published: April 2023

Abstract. Earthquakes are one of the most frequently occurring natural disasters. Many indications have been collected on the presence of seismo-ionospheric perturbations preceding such tragic phenomena. Radio techniques are the essential tools leading the detection of seismo-electromagnetic emissions by monitoring at very low frequency (VLF, 3–30 kHz) and low frequency (LF, 30–300 kHz) sub-ionospheric paths between transmitters and receivers (Hayakawa, 2015). In this brief communication, we present the implementation of a VLF/LF network for searching earthquake electromagnetic precursors. The proposed system is comprised of a monopole antenna including a preamplifer, a GPS receiver and a recording device. This system will deliver a steady stream of real-time amplitude and phase-measurements and a daily recording VLF/LF data set. A first implementation of the system was done in Graz, Austria, the second one will be in Guyancourt, France, a third one in Réunion, France, and a fourth one in Moratuwa, Sri Lanka. In the near future, we are planning on expanding of our network for enhanced monitoring and increased coverage.
Prediction of the absolute hydraulic conductivity function from soil water retention data
Authors: Peters Andre , Hohenbrink Tobias L. , Iden Sascha C. , van Genuchten Martinus Th. , Durner Wolfgang
Published: April 2023

Abstract. For modeling flow and transport processes in the soil–plant–atmosphere system, knowledge of the unsaturated hydraulic properties in functional form is mandatory. While much data are available for the water retention function, the hydraulic conductivity function often needs to be predicted. The classical approach is to predict the relative conductivity from the retention function and scale it with the measured saturated conductivity, Ks. In this paper we highlight the shortcomings of this approach, namely, that measured Ks values are often highly uncertain and biased, resulting in poor predictions of the unsaturated
conductivity function. We propose to reformulate the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity function by replacing the soil-specific Ks as a scaling factor with a generally applicable effective saturated tortuosity parameter τs and predicting total conductivity using only the water retention curve. Using four different unimodal expressions for the water retention curve, a soil-independent general value for τs was derived by fitting the new formulation to 12 data sets containing the relevant information. τs was found to be approximately 0.1. Testing of the new prediction scheme with independent data showed a mean
error between the fully predicted conductivity functions and measured data
of less than half an order of magnitude. The new scheme can be used when
insufficient or no conductivity data are available. The model also helps to
predict the saturated conductivity of the soil matrix alone and thus to
distinguish between the macropore conductivity and the soil matrix
conductivity.
Intraseasonal variability of the South Vietnam upwelling, South China Sea: influence of atmospheric forcing and ocean intrinsic variability
Authors: Herrmann Marine , To Duy Thai , Estournel Claude
Published: April 2023

Abstract. The South Vietnam upwelling (SVU) develops off the Vietnamese coast (South
China Sea, SCS) during the southwest summer monsoon over four main areas: the
northern coastal upwelling (NCU), the southern coastal upwelling (SCU), the
offshore upwelling (OFU) and the shelf off the Mekong River mouth (MKU). An
ensemble of 10 simulations with perturbed initial conditions were run with
the fine-resolution SYMPHONIE model (1 km inshore) to investigate the daily
to intraseasonal variability of the SVU and the influence of the ocean
intrinsic variability (OIV) during the strong SVU of summer 2018. The intraseasonal variability is similar for the SCU, MKU and OFU, driven to the
first order by the wind variability. The MKU and SCU are induced by stable ocean
dynamics (the northeastward then eastward boundary current) and have very
little chaotic variability. The OIV has a stronger influence on OFU. In
July, OFU mainly develops along the northern flank of the eastward jet. The
influence of the OIV is strongest and related to the chaotic variability of the
meridional position of the jet. In August, this position is stable and OFU
develops mainly in the area of positive wind curl and cyclonic eddies north
of the jet. The influence of the OIV, weaker than in July, is related to the
organization of this mesoscale circulation. The NCU shows a behavior different
from that observed in the other areas. In the heart of summer, a large-scale
circulation formed by the eastward jet and eddy dipole is well established
with an alongshore current preventing the NCU development. In early and late
summer, this circulation is weaker, allowing a mesoscale circulation of
strongly chaotic nature to develop in the NCU area. During those periods,
the OIV influence on the NCU is very strong and related to the organization of
this mesoscale circulation: the NCU is favored (annihilated) by
offshore-oriented (alongshore) structures.
A decision tree-based measure-correlate-predict approach for peak wind gust estimation from a global reanalysis dataset
Authors: Kartal Serkan , Basu Sukanta , Watson Simon J.
Published: April 2023

Abstract. Peak wind gust (Wp) is a crucial meteorological variable for wind farm planning and operations. However, for many wind farm sites, there is a dearth of on-site measurements of (Wp). In this paper, we propose a machine-learning approach (called INTRIGUE) that utilizes numerous inputs from a public-domain reanalysis dataset, and in turn, generates long-term, site-specific (Wp) series. Through a systematic feature importance study, we also identify the most relevant meteorological variables for (Wp) estimation. Even though the proposed INTRIGUE approach performs very well for nominal conditions compared to specific baselines, its performance for extreme conditions is less than satisfactory.
Population dynamics of Ericaria zosteroides (Ochrophyta, Fucales) in the central Mediterranean
Authors: Marletta Giuliana , Lombardo Andrea
Published: April 2023

Ericaria zosteroides is a canopy-forming macroalga belonging to the order Fucales, which dominates Mediterranean deep-water stands. In the present research, populations of E. zosteroides from three locations (Santa Maria La Scala, Scalo Pennisi and Acque Fredde) along the central-eastern coast of Sicily (Italy, central Mediterranean) were monitored for five years (from 2017 to 2021). E. zosteroides from all locations in this area share a common phenology: recruits start to appear between January-February; then during spring the frond grows and becomes fertile; in summer it begins to thin out until the autumn when almost all branches have been lost; and finally at the beginning of winter, new primary branches start to grow from the tophules. Nonetheless, we detected a difference in the most frequent size class among the studied populations, being 9 cm at Santa Maria La Scala, 6 cm at Scalo Pennisi and 4 cm at Acque Fredde. This difference could be due to the current regime, related to the tidal currents of the Strait of Messina and upwelling currents of the Ionian Sea, and the coastal morphology which determines local variations in this regime, with multiple eddies characterised by marked directional instability. The low growth rate and dynamics of these stands make them very susceptible to recovery from anthropogenic impacts. Considering that E. zosteroides is a threatened species according to the Barcelona Convention, it would be crucial to ameliorate the conservation status of the investigated populations, which currently do not present any level of protection, in order to promote their future viability.
Pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia Dalam Meningkatkan Kinerja Pegawai Di Baznas Kabupaten Garut
Authors: Munawaroh Iin , Sartika Iriany Ieke , Hermina Tinneke
Published: April 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu agar dapat diketahui gambaran proses pelatihan dan pengembangan sumber daya manusia yang ada di lingkungan BAZNAS Kabupaten Garut serta bagaimana dampak dari pelatihan tersebut. Secara khusus, penelitian ini menjelaskan tiga hal. Pertama, proses pelatihan dan pengembangan SDM di lingkungan Baznas Kabupaten Garut. Kedua, analisis faktor pendukung dan penghambat dalam pengembangan SDM di lingkungan Baznas Kabupaten Garut. Ketiga, pengaruh strategi pengembangan SDM terhadap peningkatan kinerja pegawai Baznas Kabupaten Garut. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proses pelatihan di Baznas Kabupaten Garut dilaksanakan sesuai analisis kebutuhan terhadap peningkatan kemampuan, keterampilan, dan pengetahuan individu pegawai. Keterlibatan aktif pimpinan dalam memberikan informasi terkait pelatihan, memberi kebebasan mengusulkan suatu pelatihan, dan memfasilitasi kegiatan dengan pemateri yang unggul di bidangnya menggambarkan BAZNAS Kabupaten Garut memberikan dukungan penuh dalam pelaksanaan pelatihan dan pengembangan SDM. Tetapi, kurangnya perhatian manajemen puncak terhadap peserta setelah pelaksanaan pelatihan dan pengembangan menyebabkan tidak ada record hasil yang jelas. Hanya dilakukan Sharing Session setelah kegiatan pelatihan dan pengembangan karena BAZNAS Kabupaten Garut belum memiliki tolak ukur keberhasilan pelaksanaan pelatihan dan pengembangan yang telah dilaksanakan.
Corporate Governance, Firm Characteristics and Firm Performance: Empirical Evidence from Vietnam.
Authors: HO The Tran
Published: April 2023

The purpose of this research was to examine how corporate governance methods relate to the performance of companies in Vietnam. The study used a dataset of 85 manufacturing firms listed on the Ho Chi Minh City stock exchange (HOSE) and applied Random-Effect Model (REM) and the Feasible Generalized Least Squares Model (FGLS) method. We found that the performance of a firm is positively influenced by a CEO's age, and gender diversity in boards of directors (BOD). However, firm size and board size have a negative impact on firm performance. The research recommends that companies should not increase board size. Additionally, promoting women executives in the boardroom can bring cultural diversity benefits and reduce information asymmetry. Based on the findings, the research proposes several recommendations for companies and managers to improve performance and reduce the negative effects of poor governance mechanisms.
Эрозионная опасность пахотных земель Белгородской области
Authors: Буряк Жанна Аркадьевна , Нарожняя Анастасия Григорьевна , Маринина Ольга Андреевна
Published: April 2023

В статье приведены результаты оценки эрозионного риска от ливневой эрозии для пахотных земель Белгородской области. Потенциальные почвенные потери рассчитаны по адаптированной для условий России эрозионной модели USLE; входные расчетные эрозионные факторы получены с использованием технологий пространственного анализа в геоинформационной среде, а структура посевных площадей была проанализирована с использованием актуальных спутниковых снимков. Среднегодовые потенциальные почвенные потери с пашни за последние 10 лет составили 3,5 т/га. На основе модели смыва с чистого пара создана база геоданных территорий с повышенным риском эрозионной деградации, которая включает 14 тысяч ареалов на пашне. Это позволило оценить пространственную дифференциацию эрозионного риска обрабатываемых почв области и определить территории адресного внедрения противоэрозионных и почвенно-реабилитационных мероприятий.
 
БлагодарностиИсследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке Министерства науки и высшего образования Российской Федерации в рамках Государственного задания № FZWG-2023-0011.
Электронные терминологические словари-справочники – инновационная форма информационно-коммуникативных технологий в геоинформационно-картографическом образовании
Authors: Тесленок Сергей Адамович , Муштайкин Антон Павлович
Published: April 2023

Цель данной работы – предложить программу проектирования, разработки, создания, внедрения и использования в учебном процессе геоинформационно-картографического образования специализированных электронных терминологических интерактивных словарей-справочников по дисциплинам магистерских программ направления подготовки 05.04.03 «Картография и геоинформатика», включая дистанционное зондирование и аэрокосмические исследования Земли и фотограмметрию. Для достижения поставленной цели намечены основные направления и возможности использования словаря в учебном процессе. Среди новых терминов особое внимание уделено терминам, ориентированным на геоинформационные и смежные технологии, а также связанному с ними геоинформационному обеспечению управления природопользованием – информационной поддержке и геоинформационно-картографическому обеспечению принятия оптимальных управленческих решений. Предлагаемый вариант терминологического электронного интерактивного словаря-справочника отличается от известных аналогов обильным использованием иллюстративных и картографических материалов, мультимедийных элементов, а также включением транскрипции терминов и объяснением их правильного произношения, переводов на иностранные языки, что дает возможности для достижения новых целей и имеет методическую значимость. Для автоматизации процесса его создания предполагается разработка специального универсального шаблона. Уникальный словарь-справочник позволит учащимся самостоятельно эффективно ликвидировать пробелы в знаниях или, наоборот, углубить свои знания в интересующей их области. Кроме того, его можно использовать при организации и проведении научно-исследовательской работы и/или подготовке магистерских диссертаций. Рассматриваются возможности практического применения словарей в учебном процессе и использования опыта их разработки для создания подобных технологий в смежных учебных дисциплинах.
Изменения породного состава лесов Карелии: историко-геоэкологический подход
Authors: Вампилова Людмила Борисовна , Сикан Александр Владимирович
Published: April 2023

Актуальность изучения динамики породного состава лесов Карельского региона связана с масштабными антропогенными преобразованиями за историческое время. Новизна исследования заключается в создании новой методики историко-геоэкологической направленности с использованием ГИС-технологий посредством ретроспективного анализа. Количественный анализ модификации породного состава лесов Карелии за историческое время с целью идентификации антропогенного и природного (климатического) фактора проведен впервые. Получены количественные оценки масштабов преобразования человеком лесных ландшафтов за прошедшие 1500 лет и последнее столетие. Анализ выполнен посредством наложения схемы историко-географического районирования Карелии на имеющиеся разновременные карты растительности. Современные карты растительности опытных полигонов созданы на основе космических снимков. Для установления причин изменения состава лесов проведены экспедиционные исследования и анализ изменения климатических параметров. Значительные трансформации породного состава лесов установлены для Обонежской провинции, где площадь ельников к концу XX в. сократилась с 66 % до 33 %. Обнаружено, что в пределах Поморской провинции еловые леса были замещены сосняками в процессе многовековой хозяйственной деятельности и под влиянием изменений климата.
Изучение влияния режимов функционирования улично-дорожной сети на акустическое состояние примагистральных территорий
Authors: Кондауров Роман Анатольевич
Published: April 2023

Изучение влияния улично-дорожной сети (далее УДС) на акустическое состояние урбанизированных территорий – одна из ключевых задач оценки воздействия на окружающую среду и уровень здоровья населения городов. Несмотря на многочисленность публикаций, посвящённых вопросам акустического загрязнения урбанизированных территорий, практически отсутствуют исследования, посвящённые изучению влияния режимов функционирования УДС на акустическое состояние примагистральных территорий, а также высоты точек мониторинга. В настоящей статье проведены результаты измерений эквивалентного и максимального уровней звука, осуществлённых в условиях типовой высотной застройки города Воронежа с учётом динамики режимов функционирования УДС и изменения высоты точек мониторинга. Практическая значимость проведённых исследований заключается в обосновании учёта изучаемых факторов формирования акустической среды при оценке воздействия на окружающую среду, в рамках разработок проектов строительства автомобильных дорог и жилых комплексов, а также рисков здоровью населения от воздействия шумового фактора.
 
БлагодарностиНастоящие исследования выполнены при финансовой поддержке Российского научного фонда, проект № 20-17-00172.
Результаты мониторинга состояния геосистем с использованием мезофауны беспозвоночных как биоиндикаторов антропогенного воздействия
Authors: Ильин Юрий Михайлович , Раднаева Мария Владимировна , Даржаев Валерий Хандадоржиевич
Published: April 2023

Функционирование почвенной подсистемы, являющейся составной частью природных и антропогенных геосистем, определяется наряду с другими факторами жизнедеятельностью беспозвоночной мезофауны. Несмотря на значительное количество публикаций по почвенной тематике, животному населению в научной литературе уделяется сравнительно мало внимания. Целью данного исследования является определение возможности использования почвенных беспозвоночных немикроскопической размерности для мониторинга развития деградационных процессов в почвах. Сущностью методики является количественная оценка животного населения и его разнообразия на единицу площади почвенного покрова. В результате исследования выявлено, что наибольшее количество экземпляров почвенных беспозвоночных обнаруживается в сенокосном геотопе при орошении. Сельскохозяйственное использование во всех вариантах исследования приводит к снижению численного состава почвенных беспозвоночных, при этом наблюдается повышение разнообразия фаунистического комплекса почвы под посевами многолетних трав. Наименьшее общее количество и разнообразие педобионтов было обнаружено при возделывании картофеля. Показано, что анализ трофической структуры мезопедобионтов может служить показателем экологического состояния геосистемы. Полученные результаты вносят вклад в развитие теории и методологии мониторинга деградационных процессов в почвенных системах.
Urban mobility: relationship with insecurity and domestic violence
Authors:   ,   Universidad del Desarrollo, Contreras Gómez Hugo Alejandro
Published: April 2023

In this thesis, this mobility measurement approach based on digital traces was used to explore how mobility is related to two social phenomena: insecurity and domestic violence against women. The female mobility patterns are different from males, and these social phenomena have the power to modify their behavior, restricting habits and possibly activities in their daily life
Uso de mapas mentais nas aulas de ciências durante ensino remoto imposto pela pandemia da Covid-19
Authors: LISBOA SANTOS JEISON , Flauzino dos Santos Melo Juliana , Fernandes de Miranda Anderson , Wilson Pires Carvalho José
Published: April 2023

O presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar o uso de mapas mentais como recurso didático nas aulas de ciências durante o ensino remoto no período de pandemia de COVID-19 no ano de 2020 em uma escola pública do estado de Mato Grosso. O trabalho foi realizado com mapas mentais produzidos por estudantes do 7º ano do ensino fundamental de uma escola estadual na cidade de Barra do Bugres – MT. Os estudantes elaboraram e criaram um mapa mental acerca dos conteúdos trabalhados nas apostilas: fenômenos naturais; placas tectônicas; vacinas. Durante a pesquisa foram analisados um total de 17 mapas mentais, sendo 4 de fenômenos naturais, 5 de placas tectônicas e 8 abordando conteúdo vacinas. Dentre os mapas mentais, pode-se notar elementos essenciais a este tipo de representação. O primeiro elemento que pode ser percebido é o lúdico que é apresentado na forma de setas, cores, desenhos e ilustração. E o segundo elemento se refere ao conteúdo contido nas apostilas dos estudantes, apresentando título central, conteúdo associado se ramificando para as extremidades. Analisando os mapas mentais elaborados pelos estudantes, pode-se perceber que os estudantes conseguiram elaborar atingindo o lúdico e apropriação dos conteúdos das apostilas trabalhadas. Assim, resultando em uma melhora no conhecimento dos estudantes.
Burnout Syndrome and its Risk Factors among Gynecology Consultants
Authors: Hussain Samar , Yasin Asma , Mushtaq Sumaira , Tahseen Huma , Qurban Saima , Javeria Mehvish
Published: April 2023

Background: Burnout as a condition characterised by emotional weariness, depersonalization (a propensity to show anti and cynical views about others) and a diminished feeling of personal success. In contrast to the more generalized concept of sadness, "burnout" describes a specific kind of fatigue that occurs in the job. Objective: The study's objectives were to (a) determine whether or not burnout (emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal professional achievement) is influenced by environmental factors (gender, age, marital status, years of professional experience, number of hours worked per week, teaching level, workplace), and (b) determine whether or not these factors are related. Study Design: Cross sectional study Study Setting: This study was conducted at Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Rashid Latif Medical College Lahore from July 2022 to December 2022. Methodology: By using a systematic random sample, we were able to include 60 gynecologists. The proforma was given to them through email or print mail, and they were contacted individually. Doctors were told that by completing the anonymous proforma, after taking their consents. The study's template has two sections. The participants' demographic information was found in the first document. The second section was a copy of the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). The 22-item MBI is scored on a 0–6-point Likert scale. SPSS version 20 was used to analyze the data. Results: In all, 60 gynecologists filled the performa. Participants mean ages ranged 40.55 ±6.0 years. Forty-seven of the participants were female (78.3%), whereas just four were male 13 (21.7%). The vast majority of guys had their FCPS, while married people made up the bulk of the sample 38(63.3%). In addition, 48 people (80%) were chosen field of expertise. In this study, participants were classified as burnt out if they had high EE in addition to high DP or low PPA. Over a quarter of consultants were suffering from burnout. At least 33 people The burnout prevalence rate among doctors whose annual salaries fall between 60 and 100,000 PKR is disproportionately high (Table 2). Low-income physicians had more burnout than high-income physicians (p= 0.014).
Frequency of Hypocalcemia in Infants of Diabetic Mothers within 24 Hours of Life
Authors: Awan Nagham Nawaz , Abbas Sumbal , Naz Marina , Jameel Madiha , Iftikhar Sabika
Published: April 2023

Objective: To find frequency of Hypocalcemia in infants of diabetic mothers within 24 hours of life. Study Design: It was a cross-sectional study. Study Duration: The study was conducted at paediatric department of Ittifaq hospital Lahore from April 12, 2018 till Oct 12, 2019. Material and Methods: A total of 260 cases after getting approval of synopsis were taken from Neonatal ward after delivery from Ittifaq hospital Lahore. All neonates fulfilling / meeting inclusion criteria were assessed for hypocalcaemia. Their basic history like age (hours), gender, gestational age, birth weight and baseline calcium level were noted. Venous blood was taken for analysis of calcium level and hypocalcaemia was labeled as per operational definition. Results: The mean age of infants was 11.92 ± 6.66 hours with minimum and maximum age as 1 and 24 hours. There were 137(52.7%) male and 123(47.3%) female cases, with higher male to female ratio. The mean gestational age was 39.48 ± 1.68 weeks with minimum and maximum gestational age as 37 and 42 weeks. The mean birth weight was 3193.99 ± 404.12 g with minimum and maximum birth weight as 2500 and 3892 grams. A total of 67(25.8%) neonates had hypocalcaemia while 193(74.2%) neonates had normal calcium level. Practical implication: This study was done to determine the frequency of neonatal hypocalcemia among infants with maternal hypocalcemia due to the lack of data, especially at the local level. If diagnosed early, they can begin treatment right away, which could reduce their mortality and morbidity in our region of the world. Conclusion: Through the findings of this study, it is concluded that, almost a quarter i.e. 25.8% neonates had hypocalcaemia that is considerably high percentage. So, infants born to diabetic mothers should be screened for hypocalcaemia to minimize the risk of related complications like seizure and loss of consciousness etc. Keywords: Pregnancy, diabetes mellitus, gestational diabetes mellitus, calcium level, hypocalcaemia
Female Sexual Assualt: Prevalence of Positive Cases from a Tertiary Care Center of Province Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Authors: Khan Muhammad Bilal , Saleem Khalid , Hussain Muhammad Arshad , Ullah Atta , Ali Tariq , Aziz Ijaz
Published: April 2023

Objective: To assess the prevalence of recent/current positive cases in sexually assaulted female cases reported at a tertiary care center of the province Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Methodology: The study was designed as cross-sectional observational in nature and was conducted at District Headquarter Hospital, Swabi on a sample of 93 victims. The study span was from Jan 2021 to Dec 2021, while sample was enrolled using non-probability convenience sampling. After following ethical consideration, a pre-designed performa was used to collect the data which included demographic and sexual assault related queries. SPSS v.25.0 was used as tool to analyze and interpret data; descriptive and advanced statistics were used where needed. Results: In a study sample of 93 patients, the mean age was recorded as 22.84+6.71 years with range of 4 to 41 years. In age group, age between 10-19 years was found to be most prone for assault 35 (37.63%), followed by 20-29 years 23 (25%). The study revealed that maximum of the victims were reported after 72 hours of the incident 52 (55.91%), followed by those reported in 48-72 hours 20 (21.51%). It was revealed that in 63 (67.74%) of the victims, assailant was known to her. Injuries to genital area showed that 80 (86.2%) of the victims had healed tear of hymen, followed by 8 (8.6%) having bruise over vagina. An overall positivity was recorded as 21 (22.59%) for sexual assault in serological assessment. Conclusion: The results of the study conclude that about ¼ of each case reported is positive as per semen analysis in female sexual cases. Most of the cases presented were in early adulthood, were reported after 72 hours of the assault and in most cases assailant was known to the victim. Keywords: Assault; Sexual Examination; Injuries; Semen analysis.