bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Strengthening the clinical academic pathway: a systematic review of interventions to support clinical academic careers for doctors and dentists
Authors: Raine Gary , Evans Connor , Uphoff Eleonora Petronella , Brown Jennifer Valeska Elli , Crampton Paul E S , Kehoe Amelia , Stewart Lesley Ann , Finn Gabrielle Maria , Morgan Jessica Elizabeth
Published: September 2022

Objective

Evaluate existing evidence on interventions intended to increase recruitment, retention and career progression within clinical academic (CA) careers, including a focus on addressing inequalities.

Design

Systematic review.

Data sources

Medline, Embase, Cochrane Controlled Register of Trials, PsycINFO and Education Resource Information Center searched October 2019.

Study selection

Eligible studies included qualified doctors, dentists and/or those with a supervisory role. Outcomes were defined by studies and related to success rates of joining or continuing within a CA career.

Data extraction and synthesis

Abstract screening was supported by machine learning software. Full-text screening was performed in duplicate, and study quality was assessed. Narrative synthesis of quantitative data was performed. Qualitative data were thematically analysed.

Results

148 studies examined interventions; of which 28 were included in the quantitative synthesis, 17 in the qualitative synthesis and 2 in both. Studies lacked methodological rigour and/or were hindered by incomplete reporting. Most were from North America. No study included in the syntheses evaluated interventions aimed at CA dentists.

Most quantitative evidence was from multifaceted training programmes. These may increase recruitment, but findings were less clear for retention and other outcomes. Qualitative studies reported benefits of supportive relationships, including peers and senior mentors. Protected time for research helped manage competing demands on CAs. Committed and experienced staff were seen as key facilitators of programme success. Respondents identified several other factors at a programme, organisational or national level which acted as facilitators or barriers to success. Few studies reported on the effects of interventions specific to women or minority groups.

Conclusions

Existing research is limited by rigour and reporting. Better evaluation of future interventions, particularly those intended to address inequalities, is required. Within the limits of the evidence, comprehensive multifaceted programmes of training, including protected time, relational and support aspects, appear most successful in promoting CA careers.

Systematic review registration

Open Science Framework:https://osf.io/mfy7a
Single-cell RNA-sequencing analysis reveals the molecular mechanism of subchondral bone cell heterogeneity in the development of osteoarthritis
Authors: Hu Yan , Cui Jin , Liu Han , Wang Sicheng , Zhou Qirong , Zhang Hao , Guo Jiawei , Cao Liehu , Chen Xiao , Xu Ke , Su Jiacan
Published: September 2022

The cellular composition and underlying spatiotemporal transformation processes of subchondral bone in osteoarthritis (OA) remain unknown. Herein, various cell subsets from tibial plateau of patients with OA are identified, and the mechanism of subchondral microstructure alteration is elaborated using single-cell RNA sequencing technique. We identified two novel endothelial cell (EC) populations characterised by either exosome synthesis and inflammation response or vascular function and angiogenesis. Three osteoblast (OB) subtypes are introduced, separately related to vascularisation, matrix manufacturing and matrix mineralisation. The distinct roles and functions of these novel phenotypes in OA development are further discussed as well as interaction network between these subpopulations. The variation tendency of each population is testified in a destabilisation of the medial meniscus mouse model. The identification of cell types demonstrates a novel taxonomy and mechanism for ECs and OBs inside subchondral bone area provides new insights into the physiological and pathological behaviours of subchondral bone in OA pathogenesis.
A systematic literature review informing the consensus statement on efficacy and safety of pharmacological treatment with interleukin-6 pathway inhibition with biological DMARDs in immune-mediated inflammatory diseases
Authors: Kastrati Kastriot , Aletaha Daniel , Burmester Gerd R , Chwala Eva , Dejaco Christian , Dougados Maxime , McInnes Iain B , Ravelli Angelo , Sattar Naveed , Stamm Tanja A , Takeuchi Tsutomu , Trauner Michael , van der Heijde Desirée , Voshaar Marieke J H , Winthrop Kevin , Smolen Josef S , Kerschbaumer Andreas
Published: September 2022

Objectives

Informing an international task force updating the consensus statement on efficacy and safety of biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) selectively targeting interleukin-6 (IL-6) pathway in the context of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases.

Methods

A systematic literature research of all publications on IL-6 axis inhibition with bDMARDs published between January 2012 and December 2020 was performed using MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane CENTRAL databases. Efficacy and safety outcomes were assessed in clinical trials including their long-term extensions and observational studies. Meeting abstracts from ACR, EULAR conferences and results on clinicaltrials.gov were taken into consideration.

Results

187 articles fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Evidence for positive effect of IL-6 inhibition was available in various inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, giant cell arteritis, Takayasu arteritis, adult-onset Still’s disease, cytokine release syndrome due to chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy and systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease. Newcomers like satralizumab and anti-IL-6 ligand antibody siltuximab have expanded therapeutic approaches for Castleman’s disease and neuromyelitis optica, respectively. IL-6 inhibition did not provide therapeutic benefits in psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis and certain connective tissue diseases. In COVID-19, tocilizumab (TCZ) has proven to be therapeutic in advanced disease. Safety outcomes did not differ from other bDMARDs, except higher risks of diverticulitis and lower gastrointestinal perforations. Inconsistent results were observed in several studies investigating the risk for infections when comparing TCZ to TNF-inhibitors.

Conclusion

IL-6 inhibition is effective for treatment of several inflammatory diseases with a safety profile that is widely comparable to other bDMARDs.
Patients with VEXAS diagnosed in a Danish tertiary rheumatology setting have highly elevated inflammatory markers, macrocytic anaemia and negative autoimmune biomarkers
Authors: Rasch Mads Nyhuus Bendix , Szabados Fruzsina , Jensen Jens Magnus Bernth , Nielsen Kirstine Overgaard , Hauge Ellen-Margrethe , Troldborg Anne
Published: September 2022

Background

Vacuoles, E1 enzyme, X-linked, autoinflammatory, somatic (VEXAS) is an autoinflammatory condition with overlapping features of rheumatology and haematology caused by somatic mutations in the UBA1 gene. Patients present with highly variable symptoms and their path towards diagnosis are often complicated and characterised by extensive examinations. It is, therefore, pivotal that clinicians become familiar with the clinical presentation of VEXAS to advance identification of patients with the disease.

Objectives

We aimed to (1) characterise patients diagnosed with VEXAS in a tertiary rheumatology referral centre, (2) identify common rheumatological biomarkers that may distinguish VEXAS from other rheumatic diseases and (3) suggest which clinical findings should motivate genetic testing for VEXAS.

Methods

Patients were identified and diagnosed at the department of Rheumatology, Aarhus University Hospital (AUH), Denmark. Blood samples were examined for VEXAS-associatedUBA1variants by Sanger sequencing at the department of Clinical Immunology, AUH. Clinical and biochemical data were retrieved from the hospital electronic patient chart.

Results

Eleven male patients with clinical suspicion of VEXAS underwent sequencing. Five of these carried known VEXAS-associated variants. Median age at diagnosis was 84 (75–87) years. All patients had significantly elevated inflammatory markers with a median C-reactive protein (CRP) of 297 (196–386) mg/L and macrocytic anaemia. None of the patients presented common biomarkers for autoimmunity.

Conclusion

Danish patients with VEXAS syndrome are men with persistent inflammation, constitutional symptoms and heterogeneous clinical presentations. Shared features for all patients in this study were highly elevated inflammatory markers, macrocytic anaemia and negative autoimmune biomarkers.
Novel insight into the aetiology of rheumatoid arthritis gained by a cross-tissue transcriptome-wide association study
Authors: Ni Jing , Wang Peng , Yin Kang-Jia , Yang Xiao-Ke , Cen Han , Sui Cong , Wu Guo-Cui , Pan Hai-Feng
Published: September 2022

Background

Although genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified more than 100 loci associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) susceptibility, the causal genes and biological mechanisms remain largely unknown.

Methods

A cross-tissue transcriptome-wide association study (TWAS) using the unified test for molecular signaturestool was performed to integrate GWAS summary statistics from 58 284 individuals (14 361 RA cases and 43 923 controls) with gene-expression matrix in the Genotype-Tissue Expression project. Subsequently, a single tissue by using FUSION software was conducted to validate the significant associations. We also compared the TWAS with different gene-based methodologies, including Summary Data Based Mendelian Randomization (SMR) and Multimarker Analysis of Genomic Annotation (MAGMA). Further in silico analyses (conditional and joint analysis, differential expression analysis and gene-set enrichment analysis) were used to deepen our understanding of genetic architecture and comorbidity aetiology of RA.

Results

We identified a total of 47 significant candidate genes for RA in both cross-tissue and single-tissue test after multiple testing correction, of which 40 TWAS-identified genes were verified by SMR or MAGMA. Among them, 13 genes were situated outside of previously reported significant loci by RA GWAS. Both TWAS-based and MAGMA-based enrichment analyses illustrated the shared genetic determinants among autoimmune thyroid disease, asthma, type I diabetes mellitus and RA.

Conclusion

Our study unveils 13 new candidate genes whose predicted expression is associated with risk of RA, providing new insights into the underlying genetic architecture of RA.
Quantifying agricultural property value diminution due to upstream oil and gas activities using Alberta's abandoned well sites as an example
Authors: Thiessen Ron J. , Achari Gopal
Published: September 2022

There is public perception that agricultural property value in Alberta is negatively affected by abandoned but unreclaimed oil and gas well sites. This exploratory research examines whether a difference in property values exists between those with reclaimed well sites and properties with abandoned but unreclaimed well sites (i.e., reclamation status). A total of 485 property transfer records from the provincial registry and oil and gas well information from an industry database were used in the research. Stepwise, sequential-search regression was applied to derive an optimized set of potential factors and covariates to predict per-acre agricultural property value. Property sale date, residential density, and agricultural land capability class were the covariates. Property location, well type, and reclamation status were the factors. The data analysis did not support the public perception about reclamation status but did confirm property location and the listed covariates as significant predictors of agricultural property value in Alberta.
The impact of ionic contribution to dielectric permittivity in 11CB liquid crystal and its colloids with BaTiO3 nanoparticles
Authors: Łoś Joanna , Drozd-Rzoska Aleksandra , Rzoska Sylwester J. , Czupryński Krzysztof
Published: September 2022

The report shows the temperature behavior of the real part of dielectric permittivity in the static (dielectric constant) and low-frequency (LF) domains in bulk samples of 11CB and its BaTiO3-based nanocolloids. The study covers the isotropic liquid (I), nematic (N), smectic A (SmA), and solid crystal (Cr) phases. For each phase, the dominance of pretransitional fluctuations, significantly moderated by nanoparticles, is shown. The authors consider separate focuses on the dielectric constant $$\varepsilon \left( {\varvec{T}} \right)$$

ε

T

evolution in the static domain, yielding mainly response from permanent dipole moment and its arrangement, and in the low-frequency (LF) domain $$\Delta \varepsilon^{\prime } \left( f \right) = \varepsilon^{\prime } \left( f \right) - \varepsilon$$

Δ

ε
′

f

=

ε
′

f

-
ε

(where $$\varepsilon^{\prime } \left( {\varvec{f}} \right)$$

ε
′

f

is for the real part of dielectric permittivity in the LF domain), which is associated solely with ionic-related polarization mechanisms. All of these led to new experimental evidence concerning I–N, N–SmA, and SmA–solid transitions, focusing on the strength and extent of pretransitional effects, critical exponents, and phase transitions discontinuities. The strong evidence for pretransitional effects near the SmA–Cr transition is notable, particularly regarding $$\Delta \varepsilon^{\user2{^{\prime}}} \left( {{\varvec{f}},{\varvec{T}}} \right)$$

Δ

ε

′

f

,

T

. Studies are supplemented by the discussion of DC electric conductivity—a parameter also related to the LF domain. Finally, the validity of the relation $$\varepsilon^{\prime } \left( {\varvec{f}} \right) = {\varvec{Af}}^{ - 3/2} + \varepsilon$$

ε
′

f

=

Af

-
3
/
2

+
ε

(where f stands for frequency, and A is a constant parameter), often used for discussing dielectric spectra in LC compound and its nanocolloids in the LF domain, is examined.

Graphical abstract
Cyclic Vertex (Edge) Connectivity of Burnt Pancake Graphs
Authors: Liu Xiaoqing , Zhou Shuming , Zhang Hong
Published: September 2022

The cyclic vertex (resp., edge) connectivity of a graph [Formula: see text], denoted by [Formula: see text] (resp., [Formula: see text]), is the minimum number of vertices (resp., edges) whose removal from [Formula: see text] results in a disconnected graph and at least two remaining components contain cycles. Thus, to determine the exact values of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] is important in the reliability assessment of interconnection networks. However, the study of the cyclic vertex (edge) connectivity is less involved. In this paper, we determine the cyclic vertex (edge) connectivity of the burnt pancake graphs [Formula: see text] which is the Cayley graph of the group of signed permutations using prefix reversals as generators. By exploring the combinatorial properties and fault-tolerance of [Formula: see text], we show [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] for [Formula: see text]. Moreover, we determine that [Formula: see text] for [Formula: see text].
Multi-orbital Hubbard model with infinite-range coulomb coupling
Authors: Souza Andre M. C.
Published: September 2022

In this paper, we study the role of degeneracy in the Hubbard model featuring infinite-range Coulomb coupling. We put forward its exact solution for any dimension alongside analytical expressions for the one-dimensional (1D) lattice, thus generalizing the solution proposed by Hatsugai and Kohmoto for a single orbital. The ground-state phase diagram is also addressed against the particle density, interaction strength, and orbital number. We show that increasing the orbital number and/or the Hund’s hole coupling favors the phases associated to aligned spins within orbitals. Standard thermodynamic quantities in the grand canonical ensemble are further evaluated in 1D.
Theoretical analysis of modified non-Newtonian micropolar nanofluid flow over vertical Riga sheet
Authors: Abbas Nadeem , Shatanawi Wasfi , Shatnawi Taqi A. M.
Published: September 2022

The main purpose of this work is to study the steady incompressible second-grade micropolar fluid flow over a nonlinear vertical stretching Riga sheet. Velocity slip and zero mass flux are considered at the solid surface of Riga shape such that the friction of nanoparticle maintains itself with strong retardation. The influence of Lorentz forces produced by the Riga plate is an important aspect of the study. The influences of thermophoresis and Brownian motion under the heat generation and e bouncy forces are studied on the nonlinear vertical Riga sheet. The mathematical model is developed under the flow assumptions. The mathematical model in terms of partial differential equations is formed by implementing the boundary layer approximations. The partial differential equations are further reduced to ordinary differential equations by means of suitable transformations. The ordinary differential equations are solved through the numerical procedure. The variations in the horizontal movement of nanofluid, thermal distribution and concentration distribution of the nanoparticle have been noted for different fluid parameters. The values of velocity profile and temperature profile are larger in the case of injection ([Formula: see text] as compared to suction ([Formula: see text]). The values of concentration distribution are smaller in the case of injection ([Formula: see text] as compared to suction ([Formula: see text]. The validation of this analysis with decay literature is provided in the form of tables.
Darcy–Forchheimer flow of CNTs-H2O nanofluid over a porous stretchable surface with Xue model
Authors: Upreti Himanshu , Pandey Alok Kumar , Kumar Manoj , Makinde O. D.
Published: September 2022

This investigation includes a three-dimensional Darcy–Forchheimer flow model and the heat transfer phenomenon of H2O-CNTs nanofluid for a two-way stretchable surface. Xue’s proposed thermal conductivity model is employed. The numerical analysis scheme is applied to solve the transformed PDEs. The outline of velocities, temperature, surface drag forces and Nusselt number against relevant variables are portrayed. From this study, it has been noted that with an increase in Eckert numbers along both directions, two patterns were obtained for temperature curves, the initial temperature outlines increased and after that they decreased. Moreover, the width of the thermal boundary layer for H2O-MWCNT nanofluid was more compared to H2O-SWCNT nanofluid. To validate the existing code, numerical outcomes were compared to the earlier published data.
Lithium-doped SnO2@CeO2 nanoparticles for highly photodegradation of Rhodamine B dye upon visible light irradiation
Authors: Mohammed Mustafa K. A.
Published: September 2022

Regarding to the sustainability and green environment, many researchers have devoted to address the issues of chemical toxicity toward human and earth. This paper reports the fabrication of heterostructures comprised of tin oxide (SnO2) and cerium oxide (CeO2) by a facile co-precipitation method. For the first time, the obtained SnO2@CeO2 nanostructures were modified with lithium dopant with different mole ratios. The fabricated bare SnO2, SnO2@CeO2, and Li–SnO2@CeO2 nanostructures were investigated by X-ray diffractometer (XRD), UV-visible spectrophotometer (UV–VIS), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The heterostructure preparation of the SnO2@CeO2 sample was verified by XRD and FT-IR analyses. The XRD results showed the tetragonal and cubic phases related to the SnO2 and CeO2, respectively. The suppression in bandgap from 2.51 eV to 2.22 eV on Li was estimated from Tauc plots obtained from the UV-VIS curve. Also, the Li–SnO2@CeO2 nanocomposite, when utilized as a catalyst for the degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) during light irradiation, demonstrates a superior photodegradation performance of 92%, which is higher than all other fabricated catalysts.
Schrödinger’s black hole cat
Authors: Foo Joshua , Mann Robert B. , Zych Magdalena
Published: September 2022

In the absence of a fully fledged theory of quantum gravity, we propose a “bottom-up” framework for exploring quantum-gravitational physics by pairing two of the most fundamental concepts of quantum theory and general relativity, namely quantum superposition and spacetime. We show how to describe such “spacetime superpositions” and explore effects they induce upon quantum matter. Our approach capitalizes on standard tools of quantum field theory in curved space, and allows us to calculate physical observables like transition probabilities for a particle detector residing in curvature-superposed de Sitter spacetime, or outside a mass-superposed black hole. Crucially, such scenarios represent genuine quantum superpositions of spacetimes in contrast with superpositions of metrics that only differ by a coordinate transformation and thus are not different according to general relativity.
Baby universes born from the void
Authors: Betzios Panos , Gaddam Nava , Papadoulaki Olga
Published: September 2022

We propose a novel construction of a third quantised baby universe Hilbert space [Formula: see text] for the quantum gravity path integral. In contrast to the original description of [Formula: see text]-parameters, both the bulk and boundary microscopic parameters are fixed in our proposal. Wormholes and baby universes appear due to refined observables, of the boundary dual quantum field theories, that crucially involve the space of representations of the boundary gauge group. Irreducible representations, on which the path integral factorises, give rise to field theoretic superselection sectors and replace the [Formula: see text] states.
Buckling of Nanowires Under Self-Weight and Tip Load Including Effect of Surface Stress
Authors: Musiket Kamtornkiat , Phungpaingam Boonchai , Prakaiprasert Narisorn , Chucheepsakul Somchai
Published: September 2022

In this paper, buckling of a nanowire column subjected to self-weight and tip load is investigated. One end of the nanowire is free, while the other end is attached to a rotational spring support. Considering the equilibrium equations together with the Euler–Bernoulli beam theory, the governing differential equation describing the behavior of the column can be obtained. Effect of surface stress is also incorporated into the formulations in terms of transverse distributed loading. The differential equation has been solved analytically and the general solution can be presented in the terms of Bessel function of the first kind. Applying the boundary conditions, the characteristic equations influenced by surface stress and stiffness of the rotational spring at the support can be expressed and then the critical load can be determined using the Newton–Raphson iterative scheme. From the results, they reveal that the positive surface stress could strengthen the nanowire against the buckling. Fixity at the base is also influenced to the critical load where the increase of the stiffness of the spring results in the increase of critical load as well.
Riemannian 3-manifolds and Ricci–Yamabe solitons
Authors: Haseeb Abdul , Chaubey Sudhakar K. , Khan Meraj Ali
Published: September 2022

In this paper, we characterize three-dimensional Riemannian manifolds [Formula: see text] admitting Ricci–Yamabe solitons (RYSs). It is proved that if an [Formula: see text] endowed with a semi-symmetric metric [Formula: see text]-connection admits an RYS, then the scalar curvature of [Formula: see text] satisfies the Poisson equation [Formula: see text] where [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] We also discuss the existence of gradient RYS in Riemannian setting. Finally, we construct a nontrivial example of three-dimensional Riemannian 3-manifolds admitting RYS to prove some of our results.
Uncertainty principles for the coupled fractional Wigner distribution
Authors: Shah Firdous A. , Teali Aajaz A.
Published: September 2022

In continuation to the recent study “Coupled Fractional Wigner Distribution with Applications to LFM Signals” in [Fractals, World Scientific; 2022], we formulate some important uncertainty inequalities including, the Hausdorff–Young, Lieb’s and Pitts inequalities for the coupled fractional Wigner distribution. In the sequel, we also establish Heisenberg’s, logarithmic, Hardy’s and Beurling’s uncertainty principles. Towards the end, we derive some Sobolev-type inequalities for the coupled fractional Wigner distribution.
A Pedagogical Numerical Simulation of Persistent Luminescence Phenomenon for Teaching Radiation Dosimetry
Authors: Salas-Juárez Ch. J. , Burruel-Ibarra S. E. , Gómez-Dominguez C. E. , Martínez-Gil M. , Borbón-Nuñez H. A.
Published: September 2022

This paper presents the theoretical bases and numerical simulation of the persistent luminescence applied to radiation dosimetry to create an educational exercise for undergraduate students who are beginning in the areas of physics and radiation dosimetry. Numerical simulation of persistent luminescence curves was performed using Mathcad v15 software. Persistent luminescence curves with first-order kinetics were simulated, and their relationship with the thermoluminescence phenomenon was also studied. In addition, this paper explains a series of numerical simulations that include various types of experiments that can be carried out to characterize materials that are constituted by a persistent luminescence property, for instance, dose-response, reusability, selection of measurement temperature, determination of lifetime [Formula: see text], energy activation E, and frequency factor s.
Making Physics Teaching Inclusive Through a Humanistic Approach
Authors: Colletti Leonardo
Published: September 2022

Investments in physics education suffer from rather poor outcomes if we consider the high percentage of young people for whom physics is not perceived as a rich opportunity but only as an arid obstacle along their educational path. To make physics teaching more inclusive also with respect to these students, physics teachers should act as interpreters who combine and convey the powerful images and mental schemes typical of physics together with multiple cultural contexts. Only from this perspective, physics may finally represent an effective contribution to the growth and development of all, especially those who do not plan to become scientists. Systematic references to the humanities may offer a didactic approach that has been underestimated and little exploited until now.
On the Mechanistic Basis of Killer Meiotic Drive in Fungi
Authors: Saupe Sven J. , Johannesson Hanna
Published: September 2022

Spore killers are specific genetic elements in fungi that kill sexual spores that do not contain them. A range of studies in the last few years have provided the long-awaited first insights into the molecular mechanistic aspects of spore killing in different fungal models, including both yeast-forming and filamentous Ascomycota. Here we describe these recent advances, focusing on the wtf system in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe; the Sk spore killers of Neurospora species; and two spore-killer systems in Podospora anserina, Spok and [Het-s]. The spore killers appear thus far mechanistically unrelated. They can involve large genomic rearrangements but most often rely on the action of just a single gene. Data gathered so far show that the protein domains involved in the killing and resistance processes differ among the systems and are not homologous. The emerging picture sketched by these studies is thus one of great mechanistic and evolutionary diversity of elements that cheat during meiosis and are thereby preferentially inherited over sexual generations.
Influence of sex and presence of cardiovascular risk factors on relations between cardiorespiratory fitness and cerebrovascular hemodynamics
Authors: Lefferts Wesley K. , Weiner Cynthia M. , Mascone Sara E. , Augustine Jacqueline A. , Heffernan Kevin S. , Lefferts Elizabeth C.
Published: September 2022

We identify beneficial associations between cardiorespiratory fitness and lower carotid stiffness and pulse pressure as potential mechanisms underlying sex-specific associations of fitness and cerebral pulsatility in females without modifiable risk factors. Greater fitness is beneficially associated with conductance, pulsatile damping, and forward wave energy among adults without risk factors; however, associations are attenuated among adults with modifiable risk factors. These data suggest sex and risk factors may alter cerebrovascular sensitivity to cardiorespiratory fitness.
Long Noncoding RNA LINC02249 Is a Prognostic Biomarker and Correlates with Immunosuppressive Microenvironment in Skin Cutaneous Melanoma
Authors: Du Maotao , Han Liang , Shen Pan , Wu Dengyan , Tu Shenghao
Published: September 2022

Skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM) is one of the most aggressive and life-threatening tumors. It has a high incidence rate, as well as significant metastasis and fatality rates. To successfully treat SKCM and to increase the overall survival rate, early identification and risk stratification are both absolutely necessary. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a significant regulatory role in a variety of cancers. However, the expression and function of many lncRNAs have not been investigated. We evaluated the expression profile of the long noncoding RNA LINC02249 (LINC02249) in pan-cancers by using data on gene expression obtained from TCGA and GTEx. The biological function of LINC02249 was determined by gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). The prognostic value of LINC02249 expression in SKCM patients was statistically analyzed. Besides, the ssGSEA approach was utilized in order to investigate the degree to which LINC02249 expression is correlated with tumor immune infiltration. In this study, the expression of LINC02249 was found to be abnormally high in a variety of tumors, according to our findings. When compared with nontumor specimens, the level of expression of LINC02249 was shown to be significantly elevated in SKCM samples. GO and KEGG assays revealed LINC02249 may be involved in tumor progression. High expression of LINC02249 was associated with shorter overall survival and disease-specific survival of SKCM patients. More importantly, multivariate methods revealed that LINC02249 expression was an independent prognostic factor for SKCM cases. Using ssGSEA, we found that the expression of LINC02249 was negatively associated with different tumor-infiltrating immune cells, especially aDC, Treg, and macrophages. Overall, our findings suggested that LINC02249 can serve as a novel biomarker to predict the prognosis and immune infiltration in SKCM.
A Novel Multidose Dry Powder Inhaler and Its Application in Patients with Asthma and COPD
Authors: Shi Feng , Zhu Chaoting , Zhou Tianqi , Liu Jianhui
Published: September 2022

Patient and physician satisfaction with the maintenance inhaler device is an important factor in medication adherence and effectiveness in respiratory disorders. We look at inhaler preferences in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) from both the patient's and physician’s perspectives, emphasizing the relative importance of device features and patient considerations in inhaler selection. Teva Pharmaceuticals developed the multidose dry powder inhaler (M-DDPI) to treat chronic respiratory diseases. It is a metered-dose dry powder inhaler device intended to seem like a standard pressured metered-dose inhaler, but its internal geometry is somewhat distinctive. Inhalation treatment permits medication delivered directly to the airways. Inhalation devices serve a vital role in the therapy of obstructive lung illnesses such as asthma and COPD. The purpose of this research is to see how M-DDPI achieves maximum bronchial deposition of the medicine; the device must provide a high percentage of small particles, be simple to operate, and supply continuous and exact dosages of the active ingredient in COPD and asthma patients. Patients with COPD and asthma who had been diagnosed and treated at the hospital were first recruited as research participants and split into two groups. The control group got oxygen therapy as part of their standard treatment, whereas the experimental group received M-DDPI therapy. Statistical analysis techniques such as the Mann-Whitney

U

test and chi-squared test were used to examine the effects. The data show that the efficacies of M-DDPI therapy for COPD and asthma for obstructive lung illnesses seem to be promising right now.
Effect of Cooling Header on the Hydrocarbon Fuel Flow Distribution in a Regenerative Cooling Channel
Authors: Yin Liang , E Jiaqiang , Ding Jie
Published: September 2022

Regenerative cooling technology is the most widely used cooling technology in liquid rocket engines, and flow distribution is very important for regenerative cooling heat transfer. In this work, the flow distribution characteristics of

Z

-type parallel channels were studied through numerical simulation, and the effects of flow area ratio, inlet header shape, and inlet aspect ratio were analyzed. Results showed that changing the inlet cooling header can improve the uniform distribution of flow rate effectively. The nonuniformity coefficient and fuel temperature varied with change in the flow area ratio, inlet header shape, and inlet aspect ratio. The maximum temperature of the wall decreased from 1334.52 K to 1220.61 K when the flow area ratio was changed from 1 to 0.25. An appropriate decrement in the inlet header shape was beneficial to the uniform flow distribution. The inlet aspect ratio should be reduced properly to ensure that each channel experiences similar pressure drop. This research has a certain reference value for the structural design of regenerative cooling channels.
Pharmacological Activities of Natural Products from Marine Seaweed Turbinaria ornata: A Review
Authors: Remya Rajan Renuka , Julius Angeline , Ramadoss Ramya , Parthiban S. , Bharath N. , Pavana B. , Samrot Antony V. , Kanwal Smita , Vinayagam Mohanavel , Gemeda Firomsa Wakjira
Published: September 2022

The marine biosphere is the primary source that has produced excellent bioactive metabolites. Natural compounds isolated from various algae, especially brown algae, gained interest because of their wide variety of biological activities and biocompatibility. Among brown algae, Turbinaria ornata (T. ornata), a highly prevalent alga, because of the presence of bioactive substances, primarily polysaccharides and proteins, could be used for a broad range of pharmaceutical applications. Hence, this study focuses on the biological activity of T. ornata as reported in earlier studies, which includes antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, antidiabetic, antiproliferative, and neuroprotective effects. Also, a few natural compounds isolated from the Turbinaria species have been used for the biogenic nanoparticle synthesis that was considered to be potential for desired biological applications. This review gives detailed information on the valuable natural resources being used as a potential component in pharmaceutical applications.
Research and Application of Business Law Information Management System Based on Big Data
Authors: Huang Lihong
Published: September 2022

China’s manufacturing industry has set off a wave of digital transformation innovation, and the commercial law information management system, as one of the important tools to enhance the intelligent management ability of enterprises, will also face a new round of reform and upgrade. Building an “intelligent commercial law information management system platform” is the primary transformation path for traditional manufacturing enterprises to realize intelligent upgrading of commercial law information management system. The “intelligent commercial law information management system platform” is a management information sharing service platform that enables enterprises to achieve the goal of collaborative management by integrating their own business models and product technology needs with the help of emerging digital technologies, which can help enterprises realize the organic integration of business processes, risk management, value creation, and other management needs and change the original. The platform can help enterprises realize the organic integration of business processes, risk management, value creation, and other management needs and change the focus of the traditional financial shared service center, so that the enterprise business law information management system can be shifted to the enterprise strategy-oriented, focusing on risk control, decision support, and other high-level management. Therefore, it is particularly important to evaluate and optimize the “intelligent business law information management system platform” of manufacturing enterprises in the process of digital transformation. In this context, this paper conducts research and application of commercial law information management system based on big data, conducts an in-depth study on the current status of commercial law information management system in China, and provides an outlook on commercial law information management in China by establishing a relevant model system.
Relationship between Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity with Health-Related Physical Fitness Indicators among Pakistani School Adolescents: Yaali-Pak Study
Authors: Hamdani Syed Muhammad Zeeshan Haider , Jie Zhuang , Hadier Syed Ghufran , Tian Wang , Hamdani Syed Danish Haider , Danish Shaista Shireen , Fatima Syeda Urooj
Published: September 2022

Background. The current study is the foremost study exploring the relationships between moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and health-related physical fitness indicators among 12–16-year-old adolescents of the South Punjab region of Pakistan. Methods. The researcher adopted the cross-sectional research design for the study. A total of 2970 participants (1477 boys and 1493 girls) aged adolescents from South Punjab, Pakistan, completed health-related physical fitness indicators measuring strength, endurance, and aerobic capacity through a hand-grip strength test, modified pull-up test, plank test, and 20-m shuttle run test, and physical activity were subjectively assessed by International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form (IPAQ-SF). Linear regression models were used to explore the between moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) with health-related physical fitness indicators. Results. Positive associations were observed between hand-grip strength (p<0.001), modified pull-up (p<0.001), plank exercise (p<0.001), and 20-m shuttle run test (p<0.001), with MVPA. The gender-specific comparison also indicated a significant (p<0.001) and positive relationship. The results revealed that as MVPA increases, body composition, muscular strength, core muscular endurance, and aerobic capacity could improve in both genders. Conclusions. MVPA appears to be an effective and reliable predictor of health-related physical fitness among school adolescents.
Feasibility on the Integrated Teaching Method of Machine Learning Algorithm inside and outside Physical Education Class
Authors: Huang Rong , Wang Lei , Zhou Gaozhu
Published: September 2022

School education, especially physical education, directly undertakes the tasks of “student physical fitness” and “student health promotion.” In the context of the policy to further strengthen quality training and promote education in all aspects, it is explicitly pointed out that “a sound physical fitness is a primary demand for serving the motherland and the country as a result of youth, and it reflects the vitality of the Chinese nation.” Therefore, the implementation of the National Physical Education Curriculum Guidelines and curriculum criteria for sports for Chinese College Students is the primary task of physical education. This study proposes machine learning-based teaching methods as an integrated teaching method inside and outside physical education. After conducting research and experiments on it, the experimental data show that after machine learning improves the integrated teaching of sports inside and outside, 50.51% of students are satisfied with the teaching, 40.4% are relatively satisfied, 6.06% feel average, and only 6.06% are dissatisfied. Compared with the previous part, the satisfaction rate has increased by 16.51%, the more satisfaction rate has increased by 4.4%, and the dissatisfaction rate has decreased by 16.97%. The practice has proved that the implementation of comprehensive teaching based on machine learning in physical education, integration of a student-led approach with a teacher-led role, promotes students’ interest in sports and improves students’ health concepts, which is in line with the current development trend of physical education.
Application of Response Surface Methodology (RSM) for Simultaneous Optimization of Kinetic Parameters Affecting Gold Leaching in Thiosulfate Based Media: A Statistical Approach
Authors: Baloyi Nomsa P. , Nseke Joseph M. , Makhatha Mamookho E.
Published: September 2022

Over the years, the use of new alternative lixiviants for gold extraction has been investigated to overcome the environmental concerns resulting from the cyanidation process. Moreover, with global economic factors causing a decline in gold prices, it is crucial that novel hydrometallurgical methods of extracting gold minimise operational costs by using low-priced reagents such as thiosulfate. In the current study, the response surface methodology (RSM) approach is used to optimize the kinetic factors (temperature and copper, ammonia, and thiosulphate concentration) affecting gold leaching. Gold ore assayed at 16 g/t was characterized through X-ray fluorescence and X-ray diffraction spectrometric analysis as well as scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive spectrometric technique. Gold ore was predominantly siliceous with minor pyritic content. The results indicate a strong relationship between the actual gold leaching recovery data and the RSM model. Correlation coefficients R2 and adjusted R2 are equivalent to 0.9869 and 0.9817. Gold leaching in copper-ammonia-thiosulfate media is best described as a surface chemical reaction-controlled process, suggesting that gold dissolution in thiosulfate is considerably affected by the increase in temperature. The effect of temperature is mostly significant, contributing up to 64.65% of the gold recovery response model. The contribution percentages of the effects of time, thiosulfate [S2O3], ammonia [NH3], and copper [Cu] concentrations were calculated as 12.81%, 5.88%, 5.19%, and 4.65%, respectively. All investigated kinetic parameters were found statistically significant with

p

value <0.05. The optimal concentrations of gold leaching media to achieve potentially complete dissolution of gold from its ore in copper-ammoniacal thiosulphate media based on the effect of the investigated parameters were 0.5 M S2O3, 3 M NH3, and 0.003 M Cu2+ with a desirability value equivalent to unity (d = 1.000).
Precision Irrigation Scheduling Based on Wireless Soil Moisture Sensors to Improve Water Use Efficiency and Yield for Winter Wheat in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Munyaradzi Michael , Hapanyengwi Gilford , Masocha Mhosisi , Mutandwa Edward , Raeth Peter , Nyambo Benny , Murwira Amon , Mashonjowa Emmanuel
Published: September 2022

In Sub-Saharan Africa, where most irrigation systems are manually operated, water allocation and irrigation scheduling are often based on uniform application irrespective of crop needs and growth stages, which results in nonoptimal water use. Recently, a lot of research has been carried out to improve irrigation water use efficiency through automation by employing wireless sensor-based monitoring systems. Further to the improvement of water use efficiency and yield, while reducing costs, a field trial was carried out at a farm in Harare, Zimbabwe, during the 2016, 2017, and 2018 winter seasons to test whether a new approach to the automated irrigation systems, one based on IoT and wirelessly connected soil sensors (called hereafter as WCSS), improves water use efficiency without reducing yield. WCSS method was compared with three widely used conventional irrigation methods, that is, manual scheduling, tensiometer-based scheduling, and weather-based scheduling. Impacts on water savings and yield of winter wheat crops under drip irrigation were evaluated. WCSS saved up to 25% more water compared to typical fixed irrigation schedule rates used by wheat growers during the winter season.
Deep Learning-Driven Financial Management Innovation Upgrade for Universities
Authors: Guan Yu , Chen Chen
Published: September 2022

This study aims to improve the quality of college financial management and reduce the risk of college financial management, and a college financial system based on multiscale deep learning is designed in this paper. This paper designs a university financial system based on multiscale deep learning. In the hardware design, the system adds multiple sensors and scans all the information in the financial database using a coordinator. In the software design, the weights that can connect the financial information of the same attribute are set by establishing a database form; according to the multilayer perceptual network topology, a full interconnection model based on multiscale deep learning is designed to realize the system’s deep extraction of data. The experimental results show that the financial risk is based on the risk warning capability for university finance, and compared with the system under the traditional design, the university finance system designed at this time has the most categories of financial information parameters extracted.
UNCAN.eu, a European Initiative to UNderstand CANcer
Authors: Solary Eric , Blanc Patricia , Boutros Michael , Girvalaki Charis , Locatelli Franco , Medema Rene H. , Nagy Péter , Tabernero Josep
Published: September 2022

“UNCAN.eu” refers to a collective European effort seeking to enable a leap forward in our understanding of cancer. This initiative, which includes the creation of a European cancer research data hub, will pave the way to new advances in cancer care. Starting on September 1, 2022, a 15-month coordination and support action will generate a blueprint for UNCAN.eu. Here, we summarize the cancer research issues that the blueprint will propose to tackle at the European level.