bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Acupuncture on Adrenocortical Hormone Production in Rabbits with a Central Lesion
Authors: Liao Ying-Yi , Seto Katsuo , Saitoh Hideo , Kawakami Masazumi
Published: November 2004

A study was made of adrenocortical hormone production under electroacupuncture stimulation of the Tsu-San-Li locus in rabbits with a lesion in the fornix, stria terminalis, ventromedial nucleus or arcuate nucleus. In rabbit with a lesion in the stria terminalis or ventromedial nucleus, electroacupuncture stimulation of Tsu-San-Li resulted in no increase in phase 1 but an increase in phase 2 of adrenocortical hormone production. In rabbits with a lesion in the fornix or arcuate nucleus electroacupuncture stimulation of Tsu-San-Li was followed by increased adrenocortial hormone production in the both phases. These results show that the stria terminalis and the ventromedial nucleus play a major role in the augmentation of adrenocortical hormone production by electroacupuncture of Tsu-San-Li.
Oriental Medicine: "A Computerized Study of Complex Recipes and Their Components: Herbs Most Frequently Used in Traditional Japanese and Korean Medicine"
Authors: Brekhman I. I. , Grinevitch M. A. , Kyu Kim Ben
Published: November 2004

The investigated plants were processed in a computer to calculate their respective frequency of utilization in the traditional medicine of Japan and Korea. Each plant was characterized by means of certain quantitative indices (frequency-, pharmacological-, therapeutic- and cumulative indices). Out of 663 species included in 558 prescriptions, a few "elite" groups were selected which constitute a total of 92 herbs.
Peripheral Afferent Nerve Impulses for Conveying Electroacupuncture Effects on the Jaw Opening Reflex Evoked by Tooth Pulp Stimulation in Rat
Authors: Toda Kazuo
Published: November 2004

Effects of conditioning electrical stimulation of the nerves innervated around the meridian Ho-Ku point on the tooth-pulp evoked jaw opening reflex were investigated in Wistar albino rats. Changes of the threshold of the reflex were monitored before and after the conditioning stimulation. The increased changes of the threshold value gradually appeared and even after the cessation of the conditioning stimulation, its effect remained for several minutes. Of the three nerves in the brachial plexus (radial, median and ulnar), radial nerve was the most effective. The ipsilateral nerve stimulation was more effective on the threshold elevation of the reflex that the contralateral one. When the two nerves were stimulated simultaneously, the increase of the threshold value was sometimes observed as compared to the case of stimulating each nerve separately. However, in cases of the combination stimulation including radial nerve, the summation among the different impulses produced by the conditioning stimulation was scarely observed: therefore, the effect was not reinforced.
The Rational Interpretation of the Indian Doctrine of Humorology
Authors: Mahdihassan S.
Published: November 2004

The early Indian cosmology is comprized of Water, Heat, and Earth as cosmic elements. They represent conditions of plant life and have been conceived by a practical farmer. The Indian doctrine of humorology is comprized of Water, Air and Heat as humours which represent conditions of human life. They have been conceived by a medicine-man trying to substitute Soma as panacea when the substituted Rasayana drugs would be rich in the three humours.
Further Investigation on the Hypothesis of Meridian-Cortex-Viscera Interrelationship
Authors: Chang Hsi-chun , Xie Yi-kuan , Wen Yun-yi , Zhang Shi-yi , Qu Jin-he , Lu Wei-ji
Published: November 2004

The hypothesis of Meridian-Cortex-Viscera Interrelationship maintains: 1. Meridian channel system in an independent system connected with the nerves to the cortex; 2. It acts through the nerves; 3. The nervous action is realized by humoral agents. This article gives preliminary-experimental supports for the above criteria.
Effect of Single Moxibustion on Phagocytic Activity in Mice
Authors: Okazaki Masako , Furuya Eiji , Kasahara Takako , Sakamoto Koji
Published: November 2004

Effects of moxibustion stimulation on the phagocytic activity of the reticuloendothelial system in ddY and ICR mice has been studied by using the carbon clearance methods. It was found that moxibustion stimulation induced the enhancement of the phagocytic activity with increased phagocytic indexes (K and a indexes) and lysosomal enzyme activities in mice peritoneal exudate cells and peritoneal macrophages. In addition, the increase of carbon uptake in the Kupffer cells of the liver after carbon injection can be seen by light microscopy when compared with that of nontreated mice. Few big holes on the cell surface of the macrophages obtained from the moxibustion mice were observed in scanning electron microscopical studies. These results suggest that the moxibustion treatment caused the enhancement of the host defence mechanisms in mice.
Effects of Tokishakuyakusan and Its Components on Rat Corpus Luteum Function In Vitro
Authors: Usuki Satoshi
Published: November 2004

27-day-old female rats received 20 IU PMS and 56 hours later, 40 IU hCG. Seven days after hCG treatment, the resected ovaries were perifused with NIH-LH, Tokishakuyakusan (TJ-23) or its components. LH and TJ-23 increased progesterone in media and LH was more effective than TJ-23. Hoelen, Peony root, Alisma rhizome and Japanese angelica root also agumented progesterone. 17α-hydroxyprogesterone and 20 α-hydroxyprogesterone were not stimulated by TJ-23. These results suggest that TJ-23 stimulates corpora lutea to secrete progesterone without direct luteotropic or luteolytic effect and that the effect may be attributable to Hoelen, Peony root, Alisma rhizome or Japanese angelica root.
Hachimijiogan Produces Testosterone in Adult Rat Testes
Authors: Usuki Satoshi
Published: November 2004

The effect of Hachimijiogan (HZ) and Keishibukuryogan (KB) on the steroid production in rats was examined in vivo and in vitro. In an in vivo study, HZ stimulated the testes from ten-week old male rats to produce testoterone, whereas KB decreased the tissue testosterone concentrations. The Δ4-androstenedione and estradiol-17β (E2) showed no significant changes. In an incubation study, HZ also stimulated the testosterone production. The data suggested that HZ produces testosterone in rat testes. The role of KB is questionable.
In Vitro Induction of Differentiation in HL-60 Leukemic Cell Line by Clerodendron Fragrans
Authors: Chen Po-min , Yung Lin-lin , Hsiao Kuo-I , Chen Chien-ming , Yeh Hsin-mei , Chuang Mei-hui , Tzeng Cheng-hwai
Published: November 2004

The promyelocytic cell line HL-60 could be induced to differentiate into morphologically and functionally mature monocytoid cells (up to 20%) following exposure to the Chinese herb Clerodendron Fragrans (1 mg/ml). This effect was time dependent and appeared to work synergistically with interferon-r in this promotion of differentiation. Our study suggests that Clerodendron Fragrans has potential therapeutic value for the treatment of certain acute myelocytic leukemia putatively caused by a block in the myeloid differentiation process.
The Effects of Vandellia Cordifolia on Renal Functions and Arterial Blood Pressure
Authors: Tsai Huei-Yann , Chiang Ruey-Tean , Tan Tzu-Wei , Chen Ho-Chan
Published: November 2004

Vandellia cordifolia (COLSM) G, DON of Scrophulariaceae (V. cordifolia) is an annual wild herb indigenous to Taiwan. It can be found in plains, low altitudes, swampy places, and paddy fields. Taiwanese folk physicians use it in "nephritis, uremia, furnucle, carbuncle." The LD50 (95% confidence limit) of the crude exract of V. codifolia given by the oral route was more than 10 g/kg in rats. By the intraperitoneal route, it was 4.6 g/kg (4.35–4.93), The extraction rate was 16.6%. We studied its effects on renal functions and blood pressure and found that (1) it had diuretic effect on normal rats, (2) it decreased glomerular filtration rate and renal blood flow on normal kidneys in rabbits, (3) it had no effects on glomerular filtration rate and renal blood flow on glycerin-induced insufficient kidneys in rabbits, (4) it had diuretic effects on both normal and glycerin-induced insufficient kidneys in rabbits, (5) it could inhibit Na+ and K+ reabsorptionn on normal and glycerin-induced insufficient kidneys in rabbits, (6) it had hypertensive effect and this effect could be blocked by phenoxybenzamine. From the above facts, we conclude that V, cordifolia had diuretic effect and it may act on renal tubules to inhibit Na+ and K+ reabsorption.
The Manicuring System of Keeping Long Nails Originating From China
Authors: Mahdihassan S.
Published: November 2004

The manicuring art of keeping long nails is Chinese. This art has appealed to fashionable young ladies in America and Europe and has even reached Pakistan. That it is Chinese is revealed by illustrations taken from Dore.
Effect of Sho-saiko-to (Xiao-Chai-Hu-Tang) on HBeAg Clearance in Children with Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection and with Sustained Liver Disease
Authors: Tajiri H. , Kozaiwa K. , Ozaki Y. , Miki K. , Shimuzu K. , Okada S.
Published: November 2004

We studied the effect of Sho-saiko-to (Xiao-Chai-Hu-Tang) on HBeAg clearance rate (SN rate) in fourteen children with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and with sustained liver disease. Seven of fourteen patients (50.0%) became HBeAg negative in the average observation period of 0.47 years(0.2-0.9 years). Four of those seven patients developed anti-HBe. The annual SN rate in the She-saiko-to treated group was apparently higher than the natural annual SN rate (22.7%) of 22 untreated patients retrospectively reviewed from the onset of hepatitis. Sho-saiko-to seemed to promote clearance of HBeAg in children with chronic HBV infection and with sustained liver disease. Sho-saiko-to may be an useful drug for such patients.
The Direct Luteotropic Effect of Tokishakuyakusan in Rats
Authors: Usuki Satoshi
Published: November 2004

The effect of Tokishakuyakusan (TS) on the corpus luteum function in pseudopregnant rats was examined in vivo. On day 4 of pseudopregnancy (PSP), induced by cervical stimulation, TS (20 μg) stimulated the progesterone secretion rate (PSR) in the ovarian venous plasma. There was also a significant increase in the rate of progesterone to 20 α-OH-progesterone. However, on day 8 of PSP, there was no apparent change in PSR in the ovarian venous plasma after the administration of TS. These data suggest that the sensitivity to TS of the corpus luteum varies according to its age.
The Pharmacological and Pathological Studies on Taiwan Folk Medicine (VII): The Anti-inflammatory Effect of Echinops grjiisii
Authors: Lin Chun-Ching , Lin Cheng-hung , Chiu Hui-Fen , Hu Min-Fu
Published: November 2004

The hepatotoxic-protective effects of "San-fang-feng" (the root of E. grijisii) and "Lou-lu" (the root of E. latifolius) on CCl 4 induced hepatotoxicity have been proposed in our previous paper (Lin et al, 1990). The anti-inflammatory effects of these two crude drugs were investigated in this experiment. The results indicated that both of them displayed pronounced anti-inflammatory activities against carrageenan-induced edema. Furthermore, in order to isolated the main active components of E. grijisii, fractions obtained from the methanolic extract of E. grijisii were investigated in mice for their 24-h LD 50 and 95% confidence limits, which could be used as a guiding for further animal experiments. Our findings demonstrated that n-hexane (100,300 mg/kg), chloroform (30,100,300 mg/kg) and ethyl acetate (30,100, 300 mg/kg) fractions could markedly inhibit the carrageenan-induced inflammation, and the main active principle was found to be concentrated in the chloroform fraction, which possessed significant inhibitory activities even more than does indomethacin.
The Effect of Ninjinyoeito on Werner's Syndrome Skin Fibroblasts
Authors: Uchiyama Yasuhiko , Nakajima Shigekatsu , Ohno Tadao , Goto Makoto , Kan Mikio , Haruki Eiichi
Published: November 2004

The effect of Ninjinyoeito on three cases of Wemer's syndrome fibroblasts was investigated. In all three cases, groups which were treated with Ninjinyoeito showed improved life-span doubling levels compared to groups which were not treated with Ninjinyoeito. Also, all of the treated group in all three cases showed significantly higher values in the rates of DNA synthesis including two cases which showed significantly higher rates of protein synthesis.
Effects of Sham and Real Auricular Needling: Implications for Trials of Acupuncture for Cocaine Addiction
Authors: Margolin Arthur , Chang Patrick , Avants S. Kelly , Kosten Thomas R.
Published: November 2004

We conducted a single-blind study (n=48) comparing subjective evaluations of needles inserted into sham and real auricular acupuncture points. Both ears were needled concurrently, one in sham sites and the other in active points used in the treatment of cocaine addiction. Subjects then completed a questionnaire rating the intensity of five sensations in each ear, and also attempted to identify which ear received sham and which ear received real acupuncture. Results showed that real points were more painful than sham; there were no other overall differences. Subjects' ability to identify which ear received sham and which ear received real acupuncture did not rise above the level of chance.
Effects of Rehmanniae Radix Water Extract on Renal Function and Renin Secretion Rate in Unanesthetized Rabbits
Authors: Lee Ho Sub , Kim Seong Tae , Cho Dong Kee
Published: November 2004

This study was undertaken to explore the effects of different preparations of Rehmanniae Radix on renal function and renin secretion rate. Steamed Rehmanniae showed a decrease in urine volume, renal hemodynamics, and urinary excretion of electrolytes confined to the infused kidney, and was followed by an increase in urinary excretion of electrolytes from both kidneys. Dried Rehmanniae showed a decrease in urine volume, glomerular filtration rate, and urinary excretion of electrolytes, while raw Rehmanniae showed only an increase in urinary excretion of electrolytes. Steamed Rehmanniae and dried Rehmanniae decreased renin secretion rate, but raw Rehmanniae tended to increase renin secretion. These results suggest that the Rehmanniae Radix preparations have different effects on renal function and renin secretion rate.
An Auricular Acupuncture Treatment for Idiopathic Canine Epilepsy
Authors: Panzer Richard B. , Chrisman Cheryl L.
Published: November 2004

A new canine auricular acupuncture point for the treatment for epilepsy is introduced. The new acupoint was used with a previously reported canine auricular acupoint (van Neikerk and Eckersley, 1988) for the treatment of epilepsy in five dogs. The testimonial results of these five cases indicate that the technique is worthy of scientific investigation, and controlled research is proposed. Only testimonial evidence currently supports its application, yet this innocuous treatment is recommended for use in all cases of canine epilepsy. The traditional Chinese medical explanation for the treatment is described, and hypothetical Western physiology is presented.
Effect of Liu-junzi-tang on the Symptom of Bitter Taste in Patients with Chronic Gastritis
Authors: Motoo Yoshiharu , Watanabe Hiroyuki , Okai Takashi , Sawabu Norio
Published: November 2004

A symptom of bitter taste was found in 15 out of 82 patients with chronic gastritis that was diagnosed from symptoms and endoscopic findings. Liu-junzi-tang was very effective in 12 (80%) of the 15 patients. The symptom of bitter taste completely disappeared in 24.7 days on average after oral administration of Liu-junzi-tang in these 12 patients. In the remaining 3 patients, the symptom of bitter taste did not completely disappear, but was improved. Other symptoms associated with chronic gastritis and endoscopic findings were also improved in these patients. These findings indicate that Liu-junzi-tang may be a good remedy for the symptom of bitter taste in patients with chronic gastritis.
Effects of Ginseng on the Blood Chemistry Profile of Dexamethasone-treated Male Rats
Authors: Lin J. H. , Wu L. S. , Tsai K. T. , Leu S. P. , Jeang Y. F. , Hsieh M. T.
Published: November 2004

Ginseng, a panacea in the Orient, has been widely investigated in the last two decades and found to possess a wide range of pharmacological activities including anti-fatigue properties, a transient regulatory action on metabolism and blood pressure, and an increase in the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenocortical activities. However, a panoramic clinical chemistry study including adrenal and thyroid functions has never been done before. Two experiments with the same design but different concentrations of dexamethasone were performed in this study. The results obtained from the two experiments indicated that ginseng administration at this regime did not influence the blood chemistry profiles in normal rats, but significantly decreased AST and ALT levels from those in dexamethasone-treated ones. It implies that ginseng has a liver-protective effect. Meanwhile, ginseng therapy restores the adrenal and thyroid functions of rats inhibited by dexamethasone treatment.
The Effect of Unkei-to on Pituitary Gonadotropin Secretion and Ovulation in Anovulatory Cycles of Young Women
Authors: Ushiroyama Takahisa , Tsubokura Shogo , Ikeda Atsushi , Ueki Minoru
Published: November 2004

Unkei-to (TJ-106) induced significant increases of plasma follicle stimulating hormone level in the first grade ( P < 0.05), second grade amenorrhea without weight loss ( P < 0.05), and weight loss related to second grade amenorrhea (P < 0.01) in eight weeks of treatment, respectively. Plasma estradiol level significantly increased 1.8 times in 4 week treatment with Unkei-to in first grade amenorrhea ( P < 0.01). In second grade amenorrhea without weight loss and weight loss related second grade amenorrhea, plasma estradiol level significantly increased 2.9 times ( P < 0.01) and 1.7 times ( P < 0.05) in 8 weeks treatment, respectively. On the other hand, the patterns of pulsatile secretion of follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone remarkably improved by the treatment with Unkei-to. In the patients with second grade amenorrhea, follicles stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone pulses appeared in 3 out of 13 (23.1%) and 6 out of 13 (46.2%) with the treatment of Unkei-to, respectively in 85% of whom no pulses has been observed before the treatment. Ovulation occurred in 62.2% (23/37), 26.6% (4/15), and 21.7% (5/23) of the patients with first grade, second grade amenorrhea without weight loss, and weight loss related second grade amenorrhea by the treatment with Unkei-to, respectively. These results indicate that Unkei-to is effective on improvement of gonadotropin pulsatile secretion in the treatment of anovulatory women. This suggests that Unkei-to may enhance the pituitary response to Gn-RH or improvement of the pulsatile secretion of Gn-RH, inducing normalization of diencephalon-pituitary-ovarian endocrine system in the anovulatory patients.
Effects of Tetramethylpyrazine Phosphate and Sodium Ferulate Alone or in Combination on Hemodynamics in Anesthetized Dog
Authors: Huang Xi , Zang Yiming , Wang Yuming , Niu Guobao , Wen Aidong , Ren Ping
Published: November 2004

Hemodynamic actions of intravenous (iv) administration of tetramethylpyrazine phosphate (TMPP) and sodium ferulate (SF) alone or in combination were studied in anesthetized dogs. When given alone, TMPP increased left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP), peak positive first derivative of left ventricular pressure (+LVdp/dt), coronary blood flow (CBF) and heart rate (HR) while decreasing mean aortic pressure (mAoP). SF alone did not produce any significant hemodynamic changes. When the two were administered in combination, SF antagonized dose-dependently the hemodynamic actions of TMPP. Results of this study did not support the efficacy of combined treatment of Ligusticum wallichi and Angelica root, which contain TMPP and SF respectively.
PHYSICAL REGULARIZATION AND FINITENESS OF SUPERSTRING THEORIES
Authors: ARDALAN F. , ARFAEI H. , PARVIZI J.
Published: November 2004

We provide a regularization procedure for loops in string theories based on the physical picture of joining and splitting strings. This procedure justifies the 1-loop finiteness of superstring theories. To find the regularization, maps from the string world-sheet to the complex plane are studied in detail.
HIDDEN LOCAL SYMMETRIES IN EXTENDED ABBOTT-FARHI MODELS
Authors: MIN HYUNSOO , YANAGIDA T.
Published: November 2004

It is shown that the low-energy physics of an extended Abbott-Farhi model with two scalar doublets is described by a nonlinear sigma model based on SP (4)/ SU (2)× SU (2), which possesses an SU(2) gauge invariance as a hidden symmetry. This raises the interesting possibility of identifying the weak bosons observed at the collider experiments with the composite gauge bosons associated to such a hidden local symmetry.
LOWER BOUND ON NEUTRINO MASSES IN LEFT-RIGHT ELECTROWEAK GAUGE MODELS
Authors: MA ERNEST
Published: November 2004

Although Dirac neutrino masses are generally not calculable in SU (2)L× SU (2)R× U (1) electroweak gauge models, they can be bounded from below under certain naturalness assumptions. The generic result is [Formula: see text], where ζ and m1, m2 are the mixing angle and mass eigenvalues of WL, WR.
COLLECTIVE AZIMUTHAL ALIGNMENT IN RELATIVISTIC HEAVY ION REACTIONS
Authors: BECKMANN P. , GUSTAFSSON H.A. , GUTBROD H.H. , KAMPERT K.H. , KOLB B. , LOEHNER H. , POSKANZER A.M. , RITTER H.G. , SCHMIDT H.R. , SIEMIARCZUK T.
Published: November 2004

The collective azimuthal alignment of charged particles is observed inside of two groups of particles, one emitted to the backward and one emitted to the forward hemisphere in the center of mass of symmetric heavy ion collisions. Whereas for Ca+Ca collisions no effect is observed, the alignment is present for Nb+Nb, and is even more pronounced for Au+Au. There exists also a distinct multiplicity and energy dependence of this collective azimuthal alignment.
3+1 DIMENSIONAL RELATIVISTIC HYDRODYNAMIC SPACE TIME EVOLUTION OF THE REACTION O(200 GeV/n)→Pb
Authors: RENTZSCH T. , GRAEBNER G. , MARUHN J.A. , STÖCKER H. , GREINER W.
Published: November 2004

3+1 dimensional relativistic calculations of the time-space evolution of the reaction 16 O→ Pb at 200 GeV/nucleon are presented. An energy density regime of several GeV/fm 3 containing more than 100 nucleons is built up. The lift time of this high energy density region turns out to be quite short, τ~4 fm/c . Therefore a transformation of the hadronic matter into a quark gluon plasma may not be achievable with such light projectiles. It is interesting, on the other hand, that collective acceleration of the whole target to rapidities Y=2–3 is obtained in collisions with impact parameters b≤4 fm/c . This should be a unique signal for fluid dynamical behaviour at these high energies.
LATTICE SU(2) GAUGE-HIGGS SYSTEM IN ANALYTIC TREATMENT
Authors: ZHENG XI-TE , WANG JIE , TAN ZU-GUO
Published: November 2004

The phase diagrams of SU(2) gauge-Higgs model with Higgs field of arbitrary length in the fundamental representation in four and five dimension are studied analytically. A method for determining phase transition lines is proposed. All qualitative features of the phase diagram obtained by Monte Carlo simulations are obtained analytically, and the order of phase transitions can be determined definitely.
SCHWINGER MECHANISM AND STABILITY OF GAUGE SYMMETRY
Authors: FABBRICHESI MARCO
Published: November 2004

The Schwinger mechanism for dynamical mass generation in a SU (N) non-Abelian field is considered. A simple argument is given to prove the impossibility of such a mechanism.
THE ANOMALY CONSIDERATION OF O(16) × O(16) HETEROTIC STRING THEORY
Authors: KWON YOUNG HUN
Published: November 2004

To a tachyon-free O (16) × O (16) heterotic string theory with anomaly-free properties in the low energy limit, we consider the anomaly of the compactified theory in 8, 6 and 4 dimensions. Furthermore, we investigate the global anomaly of the theory and discuss the compactified manifold which will give a consistent low energy theory.
REMARKS ON SUPERSTRING FIELD THEORIES (I)
Authors: CHEN WEI , GUO HAN-YING , HU HONG-LIANG , YU YUE
Published: November 2004

Based on BRST cohomology analysis, we proposed a gauge invariant interacting field theory for the open superstrings. The cohomology aspect of the theory does not depend on any ad hoc interacting pictures. And the Lagrangian is of the super Chern-Simons type. This theory is readily extended to the closed superstrings.
A SCALING IN THE REDUCED RAPIDITY VARIABLES IN HIGH-ENERGY HADRONIC COLLISIONS
Authors: MORI KENJU , MITZUTANI KOHEI , OGAWA AKIRA
Published: November 2004

The CERN-[Formula: see text] collider data and the TASSO e+e− data for hadronic final states indicate a new scaling of the inclusive cross sections in the reduced rapidity variables ξ = y/Y where [Formula: see text] and mπ is the pion mass.
DYNAMICAL SYMMETRY BREAKING, AXION DYNAMICS AND INSTANTON-INDUCED SECOND-CLASS τ-DECAYS
Authors: WHITE ALAN R.
Published: November 2004

Small color instantons, which have been proposed as a mechanism to raise the axion mass, may also produce a large rate for the second-class τ-decay mode τ → πηντ. The growth of the QCD coupling and large anomalous dimension scaling properties needed are natural consequences of dynamical electroweak symmetry breaking by color sextet quarks.
LIGHT AND HEAVY MESON MASSES USING A QCD ORIENTED BETHE-SALPETER EQUATION
Authors: Kriss V. , Ram B.
Published: November 2004

A unified model of light to heavy meson spectroscopy based on the Bethe-Salpeter equation with a strongly motivated QCD kernel is presented. The color Coulombic part has the momentum dependence [Formula: see text] of the running coupling constant. Confinement is achieved using the standard linear potential with the addition of a new flavor dependent constant term which has a logarithmic quark mass dependence. We compare our calculated results with those of Mittal and Mitra.
CONFORMALLY COVARIANT COUPLED NON-LINEAR FIELD THEORY ON THE HYPERCONE: VACUUM SOLUTIONS AND QUANTIZATION OF NORMAL MODES
Authors: AÇIKTEPE T. , AKDENIZ K.G. , BARUT A.O. , KALAYCI J.
Published: November 2004

For the conformally covariant coupled non-linear spinor-scalar fields of the σ -model type we show that the non-trivial vacuum instanton solutions have a geometric meaning as constant spinors on the five-dimensional hypercone. The quantized fields around these solutions correspond to the normal modes of the hypercone. A connection is thus established between field theory, particle spectrum of the fields and quantized excitations of a geometry (the hypercone).
GENERALISED GSO PROJECTIONS FOR Z-ORBIFOLD HETEROTIC STRING COMPACTIFICATIONS WITH “WILSON LINES”
Authors: BAILIN D. , LOVE A. , THOMAS S.
Published: November 2004

It is shown that for Z-orbifold compactifications of the heterotic string with arbitrary “Wilson lines”, all massless states in twisted string sectors which survive the ordinary GSO projection also survive the space group invariant projection (generalised GSO projection).
GLUONIC CONTRIBUTION TO THE NUCLEON-DELTA MASS DIFFERENCE IN A CHIRAL SOLITON BAG MODEL
Authors: BOURENANE MOHAMED , STERN JACQUELINE , CLEMENT GERARD
Published: November 2004

A generalization of the Friedberg-Lee model, which minimally incorporates soft confinement of quarks and gluons and approximate chiral symmetry, is presented and applied to the computation of the gluonic contribution to the nucleon-delta mass difference. The value of the effective strong fine structure constant is estimated to be αs= 0.65.
PATH INTEGRAL DERIVATION OF THE CHERN-SIMONS TERMS IN STRING THEORIES
Authors: DAS ASHOK , PANIGRAHI PRASANTA , MAHARANA J.
Published: November 2004

We show that, in the path integral formalism, the Chern-Simons terms in string theories arise due to the anomalous behavior of the measure under gauge transformations.
FULL PROPAGATORS IN THE BOSONIZED CHIRAL SCHWINGER MODEL
Authors: PARK D.K. , CHO B.H. , MYUNG Y.S.
Published: November 2004

Using the charge of BRS transformation, we obtain Ward-Takahashi identity and full propagators from the BRS invariant bosonized chiral Schwinger model. It is shown from these propagators that there is a massive Proca field and a massless scalar field for a>1, where a is regarded as the bosonization ambiguities. Also, two propagators of Proca and scalar field both have positive norm states.
FRACTAL STRUCTURE OF 2d—QUANTUM GRAVITY
Authors: KNIZHNIK V.G. , POLYAKOV A.M. , ZAMOLODCHIKOV A.B.
Published: November 2004

We resolve renormalization problems, indicated in Ref. 1 and find explicit formulae for the spectrum of anomalous dimensions in 2d—quantum gravity. Comparison with combinatorial approximation of random surfaces and its numerical analyses shows complete agreement with all known facts.
MACROSCOPICITY AND CLASSICALITY OF QUANTUM FLUCTUATIONS IN DE SITTER SPACE
Authors: WADA SUMIO
Published: November 2004

On the basis of the non-probabilistic interpretation of quantum mechanics, we define “macroscopicity” and “classicality” of quantum fluctuations as closely related but separate concepts. Then these properties are examined in quantum states (wave functions) of matter fields in de Sitter spacetime.
GRAND UNIFICATION AND GRASSMANNIAN KALUZA-KLEIN THEORY
Authors: DELBOURGO R. , TWISK S. , ZHANG R.B.
Published: November 2004

It is possible to construct a grand unified model, including gravity, by adjoining further anticommuting coordinates to space-time. We carry out this program for SU(5) and SO(10) unified models; curiously, the former is much more economical than the latter and simply requires five complex Grassmann variables ξm in addition to the four xμ.
CONSTRAINTS ON HEAVY NEUTRINO MIXING FROM SUPERNOVA SN1987A
Authors: DASS N.D. HARI , JOSHIPURA A.S. , MURTHY M.V.N.
Published: November 2004

If a heavy neutrino in the mass range of 1–10 MeV mixes significantly with ve then it would have produced observable events in the Kamioka detector at a time greater than a few minutes after the original events from the supernova SN1987a. On the basis of non-observation of such events, we derive constraints on mixing of this neutrino to ve. The constraints obtained here are a considerable improvement over the corresponding laboratory limits.
UNCONVENTIONAL QUANTIZATION OF $\phi _4^4 $ FIELD THEORY DOES CONTAIN THE PHYSICS OF THE CONVENTIONAL THEORY
Authors: BANAI M. , LUKÁCS B.
Published: November 2004

We demonstrate on the specific [Formula: see text]-model of field theory that the set of perturbative S-matrix elements of this model obtained in the recently proposed unconventional canonical quantization approach of fields over quantum spacetime contains the standard renormalized perturbative S-matrix elements of the same model. This result, being essentially independent of the model chosen, legitimates the unconventional approach.
FRACTAL STRUCTURE OF TWO DIMENSIONAL SUPERGRAVITY
Authors: POLYAKOV A.M. , ZAMOLODCHIKOV A.B.
Published: November 2004

We extend our formulae for anomalous dimensions of usual two dimensional gravity to the cases of supergravity.
OPERATOR FORMALISM FOR SELF-DUAL LATTICE COMPACTIFICATION ON RIEMANN SURFACES
Authors: KOH I.G. , SHIN H.J.
Published: November 2004

We apply the universal Grassmannian manifold approach to the heterotic string theory compactified on self-dual lattice. The generating functions on higher genus Riemann surfaces are explicitly constructed starting from that of non-chiral bosonic theory and adding the contributions of instanton sectors. The modular transformation property and its equivalent fermionic formulation of the generating function are also discussed.
A NEW POSSIBILITY OF COSMOLOGICAL MODEL CONSTRUCTION IN KALUZA-KLEIN THEORIES
Authors: BEREZIN V.A. , KUZMIN V.A.
Published: November 2004

We studied the dimensional reduction of the 5-dimensional Schwarzschild-deSitter solution and found that the Friedmann-Robertson-Walker cosmological model may be obtained by the dimensional reduction along the Killing vector in the T−-region of the 5-manifold. For the Appelquist-Chodos reduction, we observed the universal behavior of the scale factor near the 4-dimensional singularity and found a possibility of cosmological model construction with induced singularity like the Big Bang from non-singular 5-dimensional solution.
DESCRIPTION OF THE GAMOW-TELLER β+DECAY OF TIN ISOTOPES
Authors: KUZMIN V.A. , SOLOVIEV V.G.
Published: November 2004

The Gamow-Teller β+ decays are calculated in the random phase approximation with particle-hole and particle-particle interactions whose constants have been fixed earlier. Good description is obtained for the integrated log [Formula: see text]-valuesof β+ decays of 104,106,108 Sn and a prediction is made for 102 Sn . The total strength S + for the reaction 58 Ni (n, p)58 Co is calculated.
TWO-BODY RADIATIVE GLUINO DECAYS
Authors: MA ERNEST , WONG GWO-GUANG
Published: November 2004

A gluino can decay into a color-singlet neutral fermion [Formula: see text] by radiating off a gluon. We study this process in a minimal supersymmetric extension of the standard model. A significant branching fraction is possible depending on how much [Formula: see text] overlaps with the Higgs fermion which couples to the t quark and the mass of the t quark itself.
CHIRAL QCD GENERATES CONSTITUENT QUARK MASSES
Authors: PRASCHIFKA J. , CAHILL R.T. , ROBERTS C.D.
Published: November 2004

Constituent quark masses are shown to arise naturally in an approximation to chiral QCD. The colour [Formula: see text] diquark component of the nucleon is studied using a new variational technique to solve a Bethe-Salpeter equation for this qq bound state in massless QCD. The resultant diquark form factor Γ(q) exhibits a dramatic peaking for (Euclidean) momentum q2≈(0.2 GeV )2 which, we show, signals the generation of a constituent quark mass of ≈270 MeV , and which provides a significant insight into deep inelastic leptonnucleon scattering results.
LOCAL AND NON LOCAL COUNTERTERMS IN ALGEBRAIC NON COVARIANT GAUGES
Authors: BASSETTO A. , NARDELLI G. , SOLDATI R.
Published: November 2004

A simple general argument is given to show that the counterterms in the space-like planar gauge with the Cauchy principal value prescription for the spurious singularities are local. This result is used to obtain limitations on the number and on the kind of nonlocal counterterms occurring in the light-cone case with the Mandelstam-Leibbrandt prescription.
A BOSONIC OPERATOR REALIZATION OF THE KRICHEVER CONSTRUCTION AND bc SYSTEMS ON RIEMANN SURFACES
Authors: SEMIKHATOV A.M.
Published: November 2004

We propose an explicit operator construction for the algebro-geometric τ-function in terms of a bosonic conformal field theory on Riemann surfaces. As a consequence, the operator Bosonization formulae for fermionic bc systems on Riemann surfaces are deduced.
CONSERVATION OF TOPOLOGICAL QUANTUM NUMBERS IN ENERGY BANDS
Authors: CHANG LAY NAM , LIANG YIGAO
Published: November 2004

Quantum systems described by parametrized Hamiltonians are studied in a general context. Within this context, the classification scheme of Avron-Seiler-Simon for non-degenerate energy bands is extended to cover general parameter spaces, while their sum rule is generalized to cover cases with degenerate bands as well. Additive topological quantum numbers are defined, and these are shown to be conserved in energy band “collisions”. The conservation laws dictate that when some invariants are non-vanishing, no energy gap can develop in a set of degenerate bands. This gives rise to a series of splitting rules.
SOLAR NEUTRINO FLUX VARIATION AND NEUTRINO MAGNETIC MOMENT
Authors: RAYCHAUDHURI PROBHAS
Published: November 2004

It is shown that neutrino flip through the magnetic field of the convection zone is not responsible for the anticorrelation between the solar neutrino flux and the sunspot number.
MULTIPARTICLE PRODUCTION IN HADRON-NUCLEUS COLLISION AND THE NEGATIVE BINOMIAL DISTRIBUTION
Authors: KUMAR V. , LAL P. , PALSANIA H. S. , BHALLA K. B. , LOKANATHAN S.
Published: November 2004

Negative Binomial Distribution (NBD) has been shown to fit the charged particle multiplicity distributions obtained in various hadron-nucleus collision experiments at energies E lab = 6.2 to 800 GeV. The inverse of NBD-parameter k shows a logarithmic increase with CM energy, [Formula: see text] which is different from that in elementary collisions. It has also been shown for the abovementioned reactions that the average size of the 'clan' increases with energy. The investigation of clan structure in π− + Em reaction shows that the clans are more numerous but smaller in size in the forward than backward hemisphere.
PATH INTEGRALS AND THE TRACE ANOMALY IN A SELF-INTERACTING SCALAR THEORY
Authors: ALVES M. S. , BARCELOS-NETO J.
Published: November 2004

We calculate the trace anomaly for massless self-interacting scalar fields propagating on a gravitational and a scalar field background. This is done by using Fujikawa's path integral method.
CONFORMAL FIELD THEORIES ON SURFACES WITH BOUNDARIES AND CROSSCAPS
Authors: ONOGI TETSUYA , ISHIBASHI NOBUYUKI
Published: November 2004

We classify the possible operator contents of the minimal conformal field theories when boundaries and crosscaps are present by imposing loop channel-tree channel duality conditions. These are the open string analogues of modular invariant partition functions, which play a crucial role in string theory model building.
O(n) VECTOR MODEL ON A PLANAR RANDOM LATTICE: SPECTRUM OF ANOMALOUS DIMENSIONS
Authors: KOSTOV I. K.
Published: November 2004

The O (n) model on a two-dimensional dynamical random lattice is reformulated as a random matrix problem. The critical properties of the model are encoded in the spectral density of the random matrix which satisfies an integral equation with Cauchy kernel. The analysis of its singularities shows that the model can be critical for −2 ≤ n ≤ 2 and allows the determination of the anomalous dimensions of an infinite series of magnetic operators. The results coincide with those found in Ref. 11 for 2d quantum gravity.
BOSONIC CONSTRUCTION OF CONFORMAL FIELD THEORIES WITH EXTENDED SUPERSYMMETRY
Authors: KAZAMA YOICHI , SUZUKI HISAO
Published: November 2004

A large class of unitary N = 2 superconformal field theories are constructed in the bosonic representation. In particular, they include an infinite number of models with the Virasoro central charge (c) equaling 9, which are generalizations of the ones recently obtained by a coset space method. Similar results are also obtained for c = 6, for which the algebra extends to that with N = 4 supersymmetry.
STRING-LOOP CORRECTION TO CALABI-YAU COMPACTIFICATION
Authors: ABE M. , SAKAI N.
Published: November 2004

String loop (torus) effect on the Calabi-Yau solutions is examined. In spite of different kinematical structure of one-loop effective Lagrangian, the loop-corrected solution still has vanishing first Chern class though it is not Ricci-flat. This shows the perturbative stability of the Calabi-Yau solution even including one-loop (torus) effects.
ODD TIME FORMULATION OF THE BATALIN-VILKOVISKY METHOD OF QUANTIZATION
Authors: DAYI ÖMER F.
Published: November 2004

By using a Grassmann odd parameter which behaves like time, it is shown that the main features of the Batalin-Vilkovisky method of quantization of reducible gauge theories can be formulated systematically.
RADIATION EQUILIBRIUM IN GENERAL RELATIVITY: GENERAL SOLUTION
Authors: HAJJ-BOUTROS JOSEPH
Published: November 2004

We find the general solution for a static sphere filled with a perfect fluid in the radiative case (µ = 3p).
A MONTE CARLO STUDY OF THE O(3) σ-MODEL ON A CURVED RANDOM SURFACE
Authors: KOIBUCHI HIROSHI , YAMADA MITSURU
Published: November 2004

The O(3) σ-model is studied numerically on a curved random surface, which is constructed from a flat random lattice by the change of each link length. The pair correlation, the specific heat and the magnetic susceptibility are calculated. It is shown that the continuum limit of the model can be obtained when the curvature is reasonably small.
A THEORETICAL PATTERN FOR NEUTRINO AND STERILE-NEUTRINO OSCILLATIONS
Authors: LIU JIANG
Published: November 2004

A theoretical pattern for the MSW oscillation that takes νeL into a sterile particle is discussed. The required small neutrino mass is induced by a seesaw formula, in which the heavy neutrino mass term is of the order of the grand unification scale. Realizations of our scheme are illustrated by a simple SU (2)L × U (1)Y model.
ONE-PARTICLE-IRREDUCIBLE EFFECTIVE LAGRANGIAN IN THE SIGMA-MODEL APPROACH TO STRING THEORIES
Authors: OHYA TSUTOMU , WATABIKI YOSHIYUKI
Published: November 2004

The effective Lagrangian of background fields is studied by using the weak background field expansion. We propose a new method of obtaining the effective Lagrangian from the vanishing of β-functions. Although the β-functions are not one-particle-irreducible at the more than five-string interaction level, we can rewrite them in a one-particle-irreducible form by redefining the background fields. The vanishing of the β-functions is then considered as the equations of motion of the modified background fields. We show explicitly that the resulting effective Lagrangian is one-particle-irreducible up to the five-string interaction level.
EXTENSION OF N = 2 SUPERCONFORMAL ALGEBRA AND CALABI-YAU COMPACTIFICATION
Authors: ODAKE SATORU
Published: November 2004

We study an extension of N = 2 superconformal algebra by the addition of the spectral flow generators. We present the extended algebra corresponding to complex 3-dimensional Calabi-Yau manifold and discuss its representation theory. We also discuss some symmetry properties of the non-linear σ model on the Ricci-flat Kähler manifold.
WEAK BOSONS
Authors: NAKAMURA SEITARO
Published: November 2004

A dynamical model of weak bosons is presented by taking an analogy of the diatomic molecule. We tentatively assume that the weak bosons now observed are the ground state of the vibrational levels, and expect the possible existence of the exotic weak bosons which correspond to the excited vibrational states, say, 270 GeV, 450 GeV, … The observabilities of these exotic weak bosons are discussed.
EXPLICIT BÄCKLUND TRANSFORMATION OF BREATHER SOLUTION FOR THE SINE-GORDON EQUATION
Authors: XIAO YI , HUANG NIANNING
Published: November 2004

Explicit expressions of the Bäcklund transformations generating a soliton solution and a breather solution for the sine-Gordon equation are given. Solutions are shown to be regular without the restriction of λj, in the upper half-plane of complex λ, which is given by the inverse scattering method.
MONTE CARLO CALCULATION OF THE GLUON PROPAGATOR IN QUENCHED REDUCED CONTINUUM QCD4
Authors: AMUNDSEN PER A.
Published: November 2004

Numerical results for the gluon propagator and the gauge-invariant field-propagator in planar (N=∞) Euclidean continuum QCD in the axial gauge for 4 space-time dimensions are presented, based upon Monte Carlo simulations of the quenched reduced version of the theory. The results strongly indicate that the propagator mass diverges and that the gauge invariant color field correlation function vanishes in the planar theory.
COMMENTS ON QCD SUM-RULE CALCULATIONS OF EXCLUSIVE TWO-BODY DECAYS OF CHARMED MESONS
Authors: CHAU LING-LIE , CHENG HAI-YANG
Published: November 2004

Exclusive two-body decay amplitudes of charmed mesons evaluated by Blok and Shifman (BS) using QCD sum rules are analyzed using the model-independent quark-diagram scheme, which helps to pin point the generic structure of the BS calculations, and their difficulties when compared with the experimental data. We also point out what experimental improvements on the data and which new data are most helpful in sharpening these comparisons. Some comments on possible ways of further improving the theoretical calculations are given.
MULTIPLICITY DISTRIBUTION IN A RAPIDITY WINDOW FROM AN ENTROPY PERSPECTIVE
Authors: LAM C.S.
Published: November 2004

The entropy for the multiplicity distribution in a rapidity window is computed for the p± p reactions. It obeys a scaling law analogous to the one proposed by Šimak, Šumberu, and Zborovský. This scaling law allows us to predict the multiplicity distribution in a rapidity window for future accelerator energies. Negative binomial distributions are assumed throughout, but the method is equally applicable to any distribution with two energy-dependent parameters describing its average multiplicity and its width. The results of the prediction and their possible relevance to intermittency are discussed.
NON-PERTURBATIVE VACUUM WAVE-FUNCTIONAL AND CLOSED STRING EQUATIONS OF MOTION
Authors: GONZÁLEZ J.
Published: November 2004

The anomalous conformal dependence of the vacuum wave-functional is studied in the non-perturbative regime of the closed bosonic string theory. It is shown that the vanishing of the vacuum expectation value of the stress-energy tensor trace leads to the implementation of a suitable variational condition on the wave-functional, provided that the dilaton condensate be taken as a conformal compensator for the graviton condensate of the embedding space.
THE α0 (980) AND f0 (975) IN QCD
Authors: BRAMON A. , NARISON S.
Published: November 2004

SU(2) breaking tadpole mechanism and QCD spectral sum rules are used for explaining the observed hadronic and two-photon widths of the a0 (980) within the standard [Formula: see text] scheme. The corresponding widths of the f0 (975) result from a maximal mixing |θ|≃45° between scalar gluonium and quarkonium states having masses around 1 GeV. Brief comments on the four-quark states assignment are given.
MULTILOOP CALCULUS IN P-ADIC STRING THEORY AND BRUHAT-TITS TREES
Authors: CHEKHOV L.O. , MIRONOV A.D. , ZABRODIN A.V.
Published: November 2004

We treat the open p-adic string world sheet as a coset space F=T/Γ, where T is the Bruhat-Tits tree for the p-adic linear group GL (2, ℚp) and Γ⊂ PGL (2, ℚp) is some Schottky group. The boundary of this world sheet corresponds to p-adic Mumford curve of finite genus. The string dynamics is governed by the local gaussian action on the tree T. We find the amplitudes for emission processes of the tachyon states from the boundary.
PHASE TRANSITION OF A SCALAR FIELD IN A DE SITTER BACKGROUND: THE NUCLEATION RATE AT THE WKB APPROXIMATION
Authors: DERUELLE NATHALIE
Published: November 2004

We rederive the Coleman-de Luccia and Hawking-Moss results on the probability of decay of a scalar field from a false to a true vacuum state by a straightforward generalization to the de Sitter background of the standard calculation in Minkowski space-time.
COMMENTS ON SUPERSPACE SUPERGRAVITY IN THREE DIMENSIONS
Authors: OERTER ROBERT N.
Published: November 2004

The spinning membrane is formulated with manifest world-volume supersymmetry by introducing an extra scalar multiplet. The three-dimensional superconformal transformations are constructed. Prepotentials are found for the three-dimensional supergravity, and the linearized theory is quantized via the Fadeev-Popov procedure. The superspace formulation of N=2 supergravity in three dimensions is derived. An appendix gives a general procedure for deriving density projectors which project superspace actions down to components in any number of dimensions.
THE DECAYS: Ds→KK; Ds→ϕπ AND Ds→ρη (η′)
Authors: SINHA S.N. , SINHA S.M.
Published: November 2004

We have studied the decays [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] in the factorization approximation of the hadron currents. The technique and the method were applied and tested in the past for the calculations of numerous two body decays of heavy mesons. The branching ratios for [Formula: see text]; ϕπ+; ρ+η and ρ+η′ are estimated and found to be consistent with the recently available experimental data.
PRODUCTION AND DECAY OF DOUBLY CHARGED HIGGS BOSONS OF LEFT-RIGHT SYMMETRIC MODELS
Authors: GRIFOLS J.A. , MÉNDEZ A. , SCHULER G.A.
Published: November 2004

Higgs bosons with two units of electric charge are an essential ingredient of Left-Right Symmetric Models. We discuss their production and decay at high energy colliders.