bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CONSUMPTION OF THE LICHEN ROCCELLA GRACILIS BY THE LARGE GROUND-FINCH GEOSPIZA MAGNIROSTRIS ON THE ISLAND OF DAPHNE MAJOR (GALÁPAGOS)
Authors: Nogales Manuel , Hervías-Parejo Sandra
Published: April 2023

This note reports a trophic interaction of a passerine consuming lichens. On the islet of Daphne Major (Galápagos Archipelago), we made five observations of the Large Ground-Finch Geospiza magnirostris eating the fruticose lichen Roccella gracilis. This is an example of how island birds broaden their feeding niche in resource-poor environments.
Student perception comparison on learning methods based on thinking styles
Authors: ORA Ariel , SAHATCIJA Roland , FERHATAJ Anxhela
Published: April 2023

Universities are always seeking new teaching methods. The object of their search is to discover and implement effective and efficient ways of teaching methodologies. Modern technology has had an influence in this area, and as a result new types of teaching are being developed nowadays, for example, the online and hybrid learning. Today, three teaching methods are universally applied in learning: traditional, online, and hybrid learning. In Albania, universities have begun to implement the elements of hybrid learning, such as LMS (Learning Management System). The application of different teaching methods, serves the purpose of a more effective transfer of knowledge among students. Because students can differ from each other. One element which can make them different, is their thinking style. The objective of this study is the analysis of student perception on learning methods based on thinking styles. The descriptive method and quantitative research are utilized for this paper. The research 36 POLIS No. 18, ISSUE 2/ 2019 instrument is the questionnaire, which was distributed online. The study sample consists of 190 students from Albanian universities. SPSS 20 and JASP-0.8.5.1 are used to analyze the data in the study. The study concluded that students have different perceptions on the hybrid learning. Students belonging to different thinking styles have different preferences with respect to traditional learning, online learning and hybrid learning. There exist differences in perception on two statements on the hybrid learning and for one statement on the online learning.
Best Interest of the Child
Authors: BISHA Eugena
Published: April 2023

In this paper we aim to discuss the best interest of the child as one of the one of the key principles and priorities to international and domestic law. The purpose of this study is to treat the legal aspect for best interest of the child especially related to adoption institute and on the possibility of children’s adoption by homosexuals, identification of the most critic cases that are related with it, and ongoing debates about the composition of the family, because more and more homosexuals aim to adopt a child therefore it is very important to clarify the criteria that have to be considered by courts in order to guaranty the best interest of the child.
Integral testing indicators individual features of various playing roles volleyball players at the specialized basic training stage
Authors: Kozina Zhanneta , Polishchuk Dmytro , Polishchuk Stanislav
Published: April 2023

Rationale and purpose: Volleyball has a unique feature of combining both tall attackers and small, fast liberos in one team. The purpose of the study was to develop individual programs of the educational and training process of volleyball players at the stage of specialized basic training based on factor models of their readiness.

Material and Methods: The women's volleyball team of the Children's League of Ukraine of sports boarding school No. 1 in the city of Kharkiv took part in the study, in the number of 12 players aged 15-16 years. The testing was carried out on 10 tests of physical fitness. From the methods of statistical analysis, the method of descriptive statistics, factor analysis by the method of principal components with the determination of the individual manifestation of each factor in female athletes, and cluster analysis were used.

Results: On the basis of the factor analysis, the structure of the preparedness of volleyball players at the stage of specialized basic training was determined, in which four pronounced factors were revealed. The model of the existing or possible belonging of the players to the role according to the determined factor structure is determined: in the forwards of the first tempo, the factors "speed-power readiness" and "power endurance" come to the fore, in the attackers of the second pace - "speed-power readiness" and "speed endurance", in "communication" - "speed endurance" and "special (aerobic-anaerobic) endurance", in libero - "power endurance" and "special (aerobic-anaerobic) endurance". Using this scheme, you can determine the individual potential opportunities of different players to play in different roles.

Conclusions: As a result of the cluster analysis, the functions of volleyball players were clarified and the players most similar to each other in terms of their preparation structure were identified, which sometimes causes some difficulties for coaches when working with athletes with implicitly expressed game functions. Individual profiles of players were compiled and individual recommendations for training volleyball players were developed based on the individual values of readiness factors and the results of cluster analysis.
Tratando de explicar el posible origen del SARS-CoV2 a través de su comparación con otros coronavirus utilizando herramientas bioinformáticas
Authors: Falcón González José Marcos , Andrade Cordero Dafne Adriana , Castaneira Lozano Andrea , Castellanos Zamora Arely Gizell , García Mena Kasandra Vianney , Knight Durán Lórien , Ortiz Saldaña Carlos José María
Published: April 2023

A finales del año 2019 la población mundial se vio afectada por el brote de un nuevo virus, bautizado como SARS-CoV-2, el cual causó la enfermedad conocida como COVID-19, declarada pandemia en marzo del 2020. Debido a su impacto económico y social, la comunidad científica ha trabajado incesantemente para comprender el origen de este virus y sus características con el objetivo de disminuir los riesgos que causa a la salud y evitar brotes de nuevas variantes. Respecto a su origen, han sido inevitables las teorías que aseguran que el coronavirus fue creado en el laboratorio con diversos propósitos, como el de regular la población mundial. Con el objetivo de cuestionar las hipótesis conspirativas sin validez científica que parecen convenientes o convincentes, en este artículo se trata de explicar, de manera sencilla y con carácter divulgativo, el posible origen del SARS-CoV-2 desde un punto de vista científico, basados en la genómica y haciendo uso de herramientas computacionales. Apoyados de la bioinformática, se compara la secuencia genómica del SARS-CoV-2 con las de otros coronavirus que previamente han infectado a humanos o a animales, poniendo principal interés en la espiga del virus. Las diferencias o similitudes de las secuencias permitirán dilucidar el posible origen del virus.
Elecciones abiertas de pre-candidatos
Authors: Nowell Fonk John
Published: April 2023

Los ciudadanos de un país democrático son la base del sistema político, pero a la vez son los que tienen menos voz. Un primer paso para abrir más los procesos electorales a la ciudadanía es tener elecciones abiertas de precandidatos. En los procesos electorales de otros países ya figuran elecciones de precandidatos abiertas y es tiempo de reflexionar si es el momento para en México hacer lo mismo.
Investigation of a Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Outbreak in a Poultry Farm, Dhamrai, Bangladesh, 2017: a One Health Approach
Authors: Islam Sirazul , Billah Mallick Masum , Islam Kazi Munisul , Afreen Nawroz , Shirin Tahmina , Flora Meerjady Sabrina
Published: April 2023

In January 2017, a highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A virus killed 732 chickens in a farm in Dhamrai, Bangladesh. An investigation assessed transmission of the virus from chickens to farmworkers. Contacts were farmworkers with direct exposure to affected chickens. We interviewed all suspected cases, conducted an active case finding for human cases at the implicated farm and local clinics, and actively searched for carcasses of wild and domestic birds within two kilometers of the implicated farm. All contacts were asymptomatic and had buried dead poultry; 70% touched dead poultry and 29% used protective gloves while working. Nasal and throat swabs were negative for influenza A and B viruses (subtyped for M-gene positive influenza A viruses by PCR and seasonal H3, H1N1 pdm09, and avian H5/H7/H9). The virus was probably introduced to the farm when ducks from the farm were taken to a live bird market and unsold ducks were returned to the farm. While farmworkers were exposed to the infected chickens, there was no evidence of the virus being transmitted to workers. We recommend starting H5N1 surveillance in live bird markets to monitor HPAI.
Ansiedad en niños y adolescentes
Authors: Alburez de Von Ahn Ninette
Published: April 2023

"La Ansiedad es un estado en el que una persona puede encontrarse aprehensiva, tensa e incómoda de manera excesiva ante diversas situaciones"
Dificultad para concebir
Authors: Juárez Estrada Rosalía
Published: April 2023

Si bien es cierto que una gran parte de nuestra labor como terapeutas consiste en acompañar a las personas en su dolor,
Logoterapia
Authors: Portillo Edna Friné
Published: April 2023

Muchas veces las personas utilizamos determinados términos, y muy pocas veces nos detenemos a pensar qué significan, de dónde provienen.
El Diván
Authors: Portillo Edna Friné
Published: April 2023

El término diván tiene su origen en la palabra diwan,palabra árabe que tiene muchas acepciones, perocuya idea clave es reunión. El diván, era una salacon cojines y almohadones en donde se reunía elconsejo del sultán, para analizar temas de interéspara el Estado.
El día que Nietzsche lloró, Irvin D. Yalom
Authors: Lemus Melissa
Published: April 2023

El título de este artículo corresponde a la novela del mismo nombre, de Irvin D. Yalom. Consiste en una novela de ficción, en donde el autor propone, con una fluida e interesante narrativa, una nueva historia del nacimiento del psicoanálisis. Es un recorrido narrativo intenso, lleno de suspenso y divertido. Esta obra apareció en 1992, pero se remonta a más de un siglo atrás, ya que presenta un encuentro imaginario entre Nietzsche y Breuer. Este encuentro se da en diciembre de 1882, cuando una deslumbrante joven, Lou Salomé, convoca a una cita a Josef Breuer, reconocido y célebre médico vienés. Dicha reunión tiene el propósito de salvar la vida a un tal Friedrich Nietzsche, a quien se presenta como un atormentado filósofo alemán, casi desconocido hasta el momento, pero con un porvenir brillante, y quien manifiesta tendencias suicidas.
Etimología y reflexiones acerca del concepto felicidad
Authors: Portillo Edna Friné
Published: April 2023

En la medida en que más se utiliza un término y en que casi podría decirse que se abusa del mismo, más se va diluyendo la esencia del concepto. Si se repite varias veces un mismo vocablo, expresamente o in mente, puede notarse como éste va paulatinamente perdiendo el sentido para quien lo procesa en su cerebro.
"Sobre la mesa de noche: Nuevas relaciones humanas en el núcleo familiar"
Authors: Lemus Melissa
Published: April 2023

El libro Nuevas relaciones humanas en el núcleo familiar, de Virginia Satir presenta de una manera fluida y amena diversas situaciones familiares de la época. La narrativa de la autora permite sumergirse en una lectura que con mucha gracia y elocuencia permite imaginar, inclusive lograr y sentir, la descripción de lo que sucede en la escena, así como percibir y anticiparse a los pensamientos de los integrantes de las familias que le consultan y las situaciones que presentan.
Artículo de Reflexión: El manejo de la crítica ante la toma de decisiones.
Authors: López Manfredo
Published: April 2023

En la vida los seres humanos, hasta la más pequeña de las acciones que se realice conlleva tomar una decisión. Nadie se salva de tomar una decisión, ni siquiera aquellos que dicen que prefieren no tomar decisiones y dejar a otros la responsabilidad de hacerlo. Tomar decisiones es una competencia que se puede desarrollar, pero para ello se tiene que ejercitar constantemente. Requiere de un buen nivel de inteligencia emocional, así como capacidad de análisis, a fin de ser objetivo en el proceder.
Embarazo en niñas y adolescentes: un salto abrupto en su desarrollo psicológico.
Authors: Sechel Vela Leslie A.
Published: April 2023

La maternidad es posiblemente el regalo de la naturaleza que fue heredado a las mujeres, dadoras de vida, portadoras de un poder único. La transformación que ocurre en el cuerpo de las mujeres cuando fecundan, las prepara lenta y maravillosamente para “dar a luz”. Sin embargo, la situación psicológica de la adolescente embarazada es compleja y difícil; en ella se acumulan las dificultades propias de la edad, los problemas afectivos propios de cualquier embarazo, las dificultades personales o familiares que conlleva el mismo y que originan reacciones reales o temidas del entorno; la incertidumbre ante el futuro, la perturbación por las decisiones que se han de tomar, el vacío afectivo, entre otras. Maternity is to women the inherited gift form nature. Everything that occurs in their bodies when they conceive transforms and prepares them slow and in a wonderful way for “giving life”. Nevertheless, psychologically, adolescents’ situation is complex when pregnancy happens; a cumulative of difficulties like age and affective problems, personal and family situations causes reactions that may be feared by the young mother to be and her surroundings; her future will appear uncertain and a feeling of emptiness may be felt.
Supervisión. Una herramienta necesaria para el psicólogo clínico en Guatemala
Authors: Lemus García Melissa
Published: April 2023

La supervisión es siempre necesaria en todo momento de la vida académica y laboral, y por ende en el quehacer del psicólogo clínico: para el aprendizaje dentro de la clínica, para empezar con firmeza cuando se inicia una terapia y aun para quien posee mucha experiencia. La supervisión es enriquecedora de muchas maneras: en caso del uno a uno, en la relación entre el supervisor y supervisado e implícitamente entre el terapeuta y su paciente (Loubat, 2005). Es un proceso que busca una integración de conocimientos, desde la riqueza en una misma orientación o expertaje hasta las maravillas de un grupo multidisciplinario. In clinical practice supervision is an important activity useful for learning process for all novels or who initiates in this practice and a vital for the old ones who has already expertise. The supervision enhances and enriches the relationship between supervisor and who is supervised and implicit between therapist and it´s case (Loubat, 2005) it is a process that search to integrate whole knowledge from richness of one orientation or expertise to conform a multidisciplinary team.
Procedimiento de selección de material para su publicación
Authors: Webmaster Webmaster
Published: April 2023

El Consejo Editorial de Revista Psicólogos del Colegio de Psicólogos de Guatemala, como ente regulador del contenido de la misma, considera todos los artículos enviados, sin embargo,
Entrevista a Carlos Enrique Benítez Gaitán, M.A.
Authors: Lemus García Melissa
Published: April 2023

Licenciado Benítez: en el área organizacional es de gran utilidad abordar el tema de reclutamiento y selección de personal. Gracias por colaborar con la Revista del Colegio de Psicólogos de Guatemala con esta entrevista para nuestros lectores y colegas.
Ética. El paciente tiene derechos
Authors: Jurado Ana María
Published: April 2023

En la edición anterior abor-damos el tema de los derechos de losclientes o pacientes. Puntualizamos,en la misma, algunos de estos dere-chos con ejemplos, por lo que en laedición actual continuamos con estamodalidad, abordando ahora, otrosderechos, igualmente interesantes.
Vita e Opus. Abraham H. Maslow.
Authors: Sechel Vela Leslie A.
Published: April 2023

Abraham Harold Maslow nace en la cuidad de Brooklyn, Nueva York el 1 de abril de 1908; un niño solitario y "refugiado" en los libros. Abraham fue el primero de siete hermanos de padres judíos no ortodoxos quienes años antes habían migrado a Estados Unidos, provenientes de Rusia. Sus padres fueron muy exigentes con sus hijos, para que pudieran alcanzar el éxito académico, e insistieron en que Abraham estudiara leyes, lo cual él hizo para satisfacerlos; sin embargo, a los tres semestres abandona la carrera y se casa con su prima mayor Berta Goodman, en contra de los deseos de sus padres y con quien tuvo  dos hijas.
Validez de constructo y confiabilidad de perfil de liderazgo empresarial.
Authors: Guillioli Tania , Gómez de Paniagua Carolina
Published: April 2023

El objetivo de la investigación consistió en determinar la validez de constructo y la confabilidad de Perfl de Liderazgo Empresarial. El instrumento se aplicó a 383 personas, en su mayoría residentes en la ciudad de Guatemala.
Evaluación del proceso de formación del profesorado. Experiencia en un Centro Universitario.
Authors: De León Méndez Malvina , Sagrario Salaberri María
Published: April 2023

Se realizó un estudio sobre la evaluación de la formación del profesorado de un Centro Universitario de Guatemala, que tuvo como objetivo general evaluar el proceso de formación del profesorado. El enfoque que se utilizó es un estudio de tipo naturalista, una investigación cualitativa. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron: cuestionario, entrevista semi-estructurada y guia de observación participante. Como resultado, se determinó que los profesores en su formación en la secundaria tenian titulos relacionados con carreras técnicas, respecto al nivel de estudios universitarios, son abogados, administradores, auditores, ingenieros, quimicos biólogos, quimico farmacéutico y solo tres tienen una profesión relacionada con la docencia. Profesores y estudiantes evidencian que existen deficiencias, principalmente relacionadas con la tutoria, la investigación, la evaluación educativa y el uso de la tecnologia, La investigación permite concluir que el profesorado participante tiene una amplia preparación en los aspectos de su formación académica de base, pero tienen deficiencias en los aspectos de Didáctica y de Pedagogia
Mujeres emocionalmente dependientes con mayor vulnerabilidad a la violencia de género dentro de un contexto socio-cultural patriarcal en países como Guatemala.
Authors: Contreras Yes Beverly Viviana , Sechel Vela Leslie A.
Published: April 2023

En el presente estudio se encontró que la dependencia emocional o afectiva, como trastorno, tienen consecuencias agravantes sobre la violencia de género dentro del contesto nacional guatemalteco. Para ello se realiza una investigación documental y revisión bibliográfica de los conceptos dependencia emocional y violencia de género A partir de la revisión y posterior discusión, se concluyó que si bien es cierto que la dependencia emocional es un trastorno poco frecuente (10% de la población según AIS 2009) y que por lo tanto no seria un factor agravante directo para la violencia de género, el contexto socio-cultural guatemalteco hace frecuente dicha forma de adicción sobre todo en mujeres y que por ende, las hace más vulnerables a la violencia de género que, como tal, es sinónimo de violencia contra la mujer
Musicoterapia: la aplicación científica de la música en un contexto terapéutico.
Authors: Méndez Salazar Julio
Published: April 2023

El objetivo del presente estudio fue identificar los elementos esenciales de un proceso musicoterapéutico. Se utilizó un diseño de investigación de tipo documental y como instrumentos se usaron fichas bibliográficas y listas de vaciado o de corroboración de la información. Para fines de la presente investigación, se consolidó y analizó información mediante la revisión de 15 textos bibliográficos afines a los temas de: música, psicoterapia, musicoterapia y elementos de una sesión. Esta revisión bibliográfica abarco textos desde 1981 hasta 2015 que se encuentran en español, inglés y alemán tanto en formato fisico como digital. Como resultado, se identificaron los elementos esenciales de un proceso musicoterapéutico: sala de musicoterapia, recolección de datos, evaluación musicoterapéutica, caldeamiento y apertura, selección de la música e instrumentos de acuerdo a las necesidades del paciente, apertura y control del canal de comunicación, catarsis, objetos o instrumentos intermediarios, uso del cuerpo como instrumento, uso de música rítmica y del movimiento, uso del silencio, uso de sonidos regresivos, improvisación y creatividad, y cierre. Con base en estos elementos, se elaboró un modelo de musicoterapia individual que se encuentra listo para ser utilizado en la clínica.
Ansiedad provocada en adolescentes precio ingreso al ciclo básico
Authors: Sechel Vela Leslie A. , Álvarez Claudia , Aquino Ninfa , Argueta Silvia , Chacón Ma. del Carmen , Chiché Carlota , Malin Jacqueline , Chong Leslie , Mazariegos Dulce , Ruíz Olga , Salazar Julia , Salazar Sofía
Published: April 2023

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo conocer el nivel de ansiedad que provoca la transición de nivel primario al nivel básico en adolescentes entre 10y 14 años de edad. Se tomó una muestra de siete sujetos varones de distintos centros educativos privados de Fraijanes, Guatemala a quienes se les aplicó una entrevista semiestructurada; dicha entrevista fue vaciada en matrices, determinando asi que la mayoria de los adolescentes presentan un nivel de ansiedad considerable, como también puede percibirse en ellos, la presencia, de varias emociones que tienden a confundirlos y a causarles estrés. Esta etapa si bien puede confundirlos en determinado momento, se considera que con el apoyo de los padres de familia, docentes, e instituciones educativas la información adecuada en relación a los cambios que los adolescentes viven y a los nuevos desafios que se presentan, es altamente probable que enfrenten los cambios con entusiasmo y una visión positiva.
Introduciendo el Marco de Trabajo Positivo (MTP) en Guatemala
Authors: Laurie Robert , Bolaños Gramajo Viviane Yvette
Published: April 2023

Los ambientes de trabajo positivos conducen a incrementos en la satisfacción laboral y al compromiso de los empleados, junto con disminuciones en el ausentismo, presentismo, la rotación de personal y costos de salud debido al estrés y a otros problemas mentales. A su vez, estos cambios conducen a un incremento de productividad y reducen los costos para los empleadores. El Marco de Trabajo Positivo (MTP) y su plataforma en línea se han desarrollado para optimizar el bienestar, el compromiso y el rendimiento de los empleados. El MTP consta de tres componentes: bienestar mental, resiliencia y liderazgo positivo. Se presenta una descripción general de cada componente del MTP y sus cuestionarios validados, el Inventario de Bienestar Mental y Resiliencia (IBMR) y el Inventario de Liderazgo Positivo (ILP). También se describe cómo se implementa el MTP en las organizaciones.
Formación académica y su relación con las tendencias de empleabilidad
Authors: Yupe Flores Sandra Verónica
Published: April 2023

Las universidades se ocupan de formar educandos con destrezas que les permitan desempeñarse en el trabajo de manera óptima. Sin embargo, no existe una respuesta específca que indique cuál es la relación entre las nuevas tendencias de empleo y la formación académica actual, por ello el presente artículo persigue contribuir a dar respuestas a las interrogantes planteadas. El estudio se ha basado en el paradigma neopositivista y el diseño es de corte cuantitativo, con el afán de obtener datos medibles, la población objeto de estudio se conformó con 35 profesionales del área de la psicología industrial/organizacional entre ellos 20 mujeres y 15 hombres y se utilizó un muestreo probabilístico, aleatorio simple. Las respuestas obtenidas en la investigación estarán sujetas a posteriores análisis teóricos que permitan conocer a profundidad la importancia de la educación en los procesos de trabajo. Tomando en cuenta que la empleabilidad evidencia ser una actividad compleja y que ha cambiado en los últimos años, posiblemente derivado de ello, se observa en los resultados las organizaciones ofrecen empleos relacionados con la automatización y fexibilidad de las funciones.
Improving Shopping Mall Revenue by Real-Time Customized Digital Coupon Issuance
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of IT, Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus, Hyderabad, Telangana, India., Agrawal Suyash , Prashanth Akkala , Madhu Myakala , Rohith Nadimetla
Published: April 2023

With the development of big data and deep learning technology, big data and deep learning technology have also been applied to the marketing field, which was a part of business administration. Customer churn management is one of the most important areas of marketing. In this paper, we proposed a method to prevent customer churn and increase purchase conversion rate by issuing customized discount coupons to customers with high churn rate based on big data in real time. After segmenting customer segments with two-dimensional segment analysis, a real-time churn rate estimation model based on clickstream data was generated for each segment. After that, we issued customized coupons to our customers. Finally, we tested the conversion rate and sales growth. A two-dimensional cluster analysis-based churn rate estimation combined with a recommendation system was found to be significantly more useful than the respective simple models. Using this proposed model, it is possible to increase sales by automatically estimating the customer’s churn probability and shopping propensity without the burden of marketing costs in the online shopping mall. Keyword: Customer churn prediction, deep learning, digital marketing, ecommerce, recommendation system.
Evaluation of the factors influencing adherence to ART in HIV/AIDS patients at Kampala International University Teaching Hospital Bushenyi District
Authors:   Faculty of Nursing Sciences Kampala International University Western Campus Uganda., Claire Kyohirwe
Published: April 2023

Globally, there were an estimated 33 million people living with HIV by the end of 2007, and more than 25 million people since 1981 have died from AIDS. In 2007 there were 2.7 million new infections and 2 million HIV-related deaths. All these facts are attributed to the compromise of adherence to ART. Currently, there are an estimated 940,000 people (adults and children) living with HIV in Uganda but the adherence levels are hence posing a great challenge in the fight against the scourge. To assess factors influencing adherence to ART among HIV/AIDS clients at Kampala International University Teaching Hospital, a descriptive cross-sectional study design quantitative in nature was used to recruit 52 respondents for the study out of whom 52 questionnaires thus giving a response rate of 100%. 75% of the respondents strongly agreed that level of income may influence adherence to ART, 57% of the respondents agreed that drug hypersensitivity and side effects affect adherence to ART and 63.5% of the respondents agreed that clinic characteristics can impact adherence. The researcher concluded that client-related factors influencing adherence to ART include the client’s age, level of education, level of income, social support, co-morbidities, and patient’s belief about the effectiveness of ART. Therapy-related factors affecting adherence to ART include; polypharmacy, hypersensitivity, pill burden, and regimen complexity. Health system-related factors affecting adherence to ART include; clinic characteristics, selfmedication, lengthy wait before the next clinic visit, and the patient-provider relationship. Keywords: HIV/AIDS, ART, Adherence, Uganda, Hypersensitivity.
Evaluation of factors that affects the usage of insecticide treated mosquito nets in pregnant women at Ishaka
Authors:   Faculty of Nursing Sciences Kampala International University Western Campus Uganda., Lydia Nemalidde
Published: April 2023

This study was carried out in Kampala International University Teaching Hospital, Bushenyi District with the purpose of identifying the factors affecting the utilization of insecticidetreated mosquito nets (ITNs) among pregnant mothers. A descriptive and cross-sectional design was employed and 60 (sixty) respondents were selected using a convenient sampling method. Data was collected using a questionnaire. The study found that respondents faced various social factors affecting the utilization of ITNs among pregnant mothers and although all the respondents 60 (100%) had heard of ITNs and 60 (100%) understood ITNs as an insecticide-treated bed net that prevents mosquito bites, the majority of respondents 40 (66.7%) did not own an ITN while the majority 40 (66.7%) reported that they only sometimes slept under an ITN every night due to various factors including 14 (26.9%) causing too much heat, 12 (23.2%) said ITNs made it difficult to breathe, 8 (15.4%) disturbed to put up and down every night while 6 (11.5%) said it contained dangerous chemicals. In conclusion, the researcher noted that respondents faced various factors affecting the utilization of ITN among pregnant mothers and this hence required immediate intervention to put preventive measures in practice and reduce the spread of malaria among pregnant mothers in the study setting. Keywords: Insecticide-treated mosquito nets, pregnant mothers, mosquito bites, malaria, chemicals.
Awareness and attitude of HIV-positive lactating mothers towards breast feeding at Kabwohe health center IV, Sheema district.
Authors:   Faculty of Nursing Sciences Kampala International University Western Campus Uganda., Sarah Nelima
Published: April 2023

The controversy between the risk of HIV transmission through breast milk and the lifesaving benefits of breastfeeding remains to be a dilemma faced by HIV-positive mothers. In developing countries, 30-45% of infants born to HIV-positive mothers become infected during pregnancy, childbirth, and breastfeeding. This study explored the knowledge and attitude of HIV-positive lactating mothers attending the Young Child Clinic (YCC) at Kabwohe Health Center IV, Sheema district towards breastfeeding their babies. A descriptive cross-sectional quantitative approach to data collection was used to collect data from HIV-positive lactating mothers attending Young Child Clinic at Kabwohe Health Center IV, Sheema district. Fortyfour interviewed HIV-positive lactating mothers were age group of 20 to 29 (48%), 27% age group 30 to 39, 14% were age group 40 to 49, the least 7% age group 19 or lesser, and 4% were aged 50 years or more. 77% of HIV-positive mothers knew that HIV can be transmitted to their child, 18% did not know and 5% were not sure. 72.7% were aware that MTCT can be prevented by ARVs during pregnancy and breastfeeding; modified infant feeding; avoid sharing sharp objects and only 27.3% were not aware. The reproductive age needs to be empowered with knowledge regarding HIV infection, risks of transmission to their baby, and services available to reduce the risk. Follow-up and sensitization of HIV-positive lactating mothers for replacement feeding when it is acceptable, feasible, affordable, sustainable, and safe (AFASS). Keywords: HIV-positive mothers, Breastfeeding, Childbirth, Pregnancy, Lactating mothers.
Evaluation of the factors that affect adherence to Anti-Retroviral Therapy in HIV-Positive Clients at Comboni Hospital Kyamuhunga Bushenyi Uganda
Authors:   Faculty of Clinical Medicine and Community Health Kampala International University Western Campus Uganda., Alex Mwanguhya
Published: April 2023

HIV is a global public health issue. In 2015 an estimated 36.7 million people were living with HIV including 1.8 million children. The majority of this number lives in low and middleincome countries. In the same year, 1.1 million people died of AIDS-related illnesses. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has been shown to delay the progression of AIDS, resulting in a greater and more sustained virologic and immunologic response and improve survival. The study was a descriptive cross-sectional study, involving HIV patients on ART attending Comboni Hospital Kyamuhunga from 12st to 30th June 2017. The study aimed at understanding factors associated with poor adherence to ART among HIV-positive patients attending Comboni Hospital Kyamuhunga. Out of the 57 clients, 41(71.9%) had good adherence, and 16(28.10%) had poor adherence to Antiretroviral therapy. Forgetting accounted for (27)47% of the poor adherence, travel problems accounted for (14)25%, drug stock-outs (7)12%, and stigma, disclosure or privacy issues accounted for (9)16%. Despite results showing that most patients had good adherence, a significant number still had poor adherence to Antiretroviral therapy, the most common contributor to poor adherence being forgetting their doses and travel problems. There is a need to strengthen continuous monitoring of both adherence and correlating it with the clinical outcomes of the clients. This will create an interactive feedback mechanism that could lead to optimal clinical states and improved quality of life of clients. Keywords: HIV/AIDS, Antiretroviral therapy, Stigma, Drug stock out, Poor adherence, Comboni Hospital.
Quality of life of students with developmental disabilities in inclusive education
Authors: Glavinić Svetlana , Ristić Ivana
Published: April 2023

The aim of the work was to examine the quality of life in the domain of physical, emotional, social and school functioning of students with developmental disabilities who attend inclusive classes. The sample consisted of 80 respondents attending regular schools in the territory of the Republic of Serbia. The structure of the sample consisted of students with developmental disabilities (N-40) and students with regular development (N-40) of both sexes, aged 11 to 16 years. It was used for research purposes The PedsQLTM 4.0 Generic Core Scale. The obtained results showed that the quality of life of all students included in the sample is at an average level. The results confirmed the positive effects of inclusive education, especially in the domain of social functioning of students with disabilities. However, the results indicate that the school environment and the concept of education require permanent improvement in order to raise the quality of life of all students to a higher level.
SURVEILLANCE OF AEDES DIVERSITY, SEASONAL PREVALENCE AND HABITAT CHARACTERIZATION IN BULANDSHAHR, UTTER PRADESH, INDIA
Authors:   Department of Zoology, N.R.E.C. College, Khurja (Affiliated to C.C.S. University Meerut) District Bulandshahr, Uttar Pradesh, India., Kumar Anil
Published: April 2023

Mosquitoes have the ability to spread several parasites and pathogens that cause serious diseases in both humans and animals. In order to effectively control disease and mosquito populations, analysis of mosquito diversity, prevalence and habitat characterization in any location is frequently necessary. In order to compile comprehensive first-hand data on mosquitoes, the current study was carried out in the Khurja area of the Bulandshahar district in Utter Pradesh, India. The study was carried out over a period of one year. Ladle and dipping methods were used to collect the larvae of the Aedes mosquito. 48 human habitations were selected randomly from the Bulandshahar region. The accumulated data were used to compute the monthly and seasonal Relative Abundance (RA), Per Man Hour Density (PMHD), House Index (HI) and Container Index (CI) of Aedes species. Three species from the genus Aedes including Aedes aegypti, Aedes albopictus, and Aedes vittatus identified in the Bulandshahr region. The most prevalent species was Aedes aegypti. The RA, PMHD, HI and CI were highest for Aedes aegypti (53.33%, 36.67, 44.08) followed by Aedes albopictus (28.33%, 19.49, 32.98), and Aedes vittatus (18.33%, 12.62, 15.10) and CI=12.53%. In seasonal population dynamics of Aedes species in relation to meteorological factors, only temperature and rainfall are significant variables (P>0.05) of climate that affect the density of mosquitoes in the study area, with no correlation with the relative humidity. According to the findings, there is a substantial probability of mosquito-borne disease outbreaks. There must be precautions taken because dengue fever outbreaks are frequent in the region. Interventions for prevention are necessary since the region is vulnerable to dengue fever outbreaks and other diseases spread by mosquitoes. Keywords : Aedes aegypti, Aedes albopictus, Aedes vittatus, Bulandshahr, Mosquito diversity. Seasonal prevalence.
Guia para sistematização da assistência de enfermagem na consulta de pré-natal de baixo risco
Authors: Teixeira Wanderson Luis , Zocche Denise Antunes de Azambuja , Martins Maria de Fatima Vieira
Published: April 2023

O guia para a sistematização da assistência de enfermagem na consulta de pré-natal de baixo risco, representa um dos resultados do Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso do Mestrado Profissional em Enfermagem na Atenção Primária a Saúde, do Mestre em Enfermagem Wanderson Luis Teixeira, que teve por objetivo desenvolver uma tecnologia educativa do tipo guia técnico, para os enfermeiros que realizam a consulta de pré-natal de baixo risco na Atenção Primária a Saúde. Seu projeto foi financiado pelo Edital ACORDO CAPES COFEN 28/2019, que promove o desenvolvimento de estudos realizados no âmbito dos Mestrados Profissionais em Enfermagem.
Aspects of Socio-Economic Success in a Labrador Village
Authors: Southard Frank E.
Published: April 2023

During the last generation, the people of southern Labrador have enjoyed increasing contact with a number of sources of external information and, consequently, have developed middle class Canadian and American consumer desires. The degree to which these desires can be satisfied only partially determines the status of families in the community studied. This paper concerns how the community limits the definition of “success”. First, I briefly sketch the history and development of the community since its settlement to show the nature of traditional and modern values. Then the current community concept of “success” is examined with respect to its material and social constraints.
Disease as a Factor in the Demise of the Beothuck Indians
Authors: Marshall Ingeborg
Published: April 2023

After 330 years of European exploration and settlement on the island of Newfoundland, the Beothuck Indian population became extinct. In order to establish how far the demise of these Indians was due to diseases introduced by the Europeans, bubonic plague, smallpox, measles and tuberculosis, these are considered in relation to the changing circumstances of the Beothucks and their patterns of contact with each other and with the European settlers. The effect of these diseases on Beothuck demography is discussed using documentary evidence of disease incidence in the Newfoundland population as well as comparative data from other North American Indian groups.
Class Dismissed: A Critique of Weberian Perspective on Class and Ethnicity
Authors: Teal Greg , Bai David
Published: April 2023

Given the relative paucity of Marxist analysis of ethnicity, non-Marxist social science has provided the dominant perspectives on the relations between class and ethnicity. An important concern of much of this research and writing has been to prove that ethnicity is predominant over class as the source both of social conflict and of social cohesion. In this paper current weberian perspectives on class and ethnicity, perspectives which, while paying some attention to social class, generally accord primacy to ethnicity in organizing social relations within and between ethnic groups, are critically examined. Evidence against such a view is presented, based on research conducted among Korean immigrants in Edmonton. Our research suggests that social class is a primary factor both in the formation and growth of the Korean community as well as in structuring social relations within the community.
Le pasteur est-africain et sa fierté. Essai sur l’idéologie pastorale
Authors: Hazel Robert
Published: April 2023

Les pasteurs se montraient hautains et méprisants vis-à-vis des chasseurs et des agriculteurs. L’ethnographie est-africaine témoigne de la généralité de ce phénomène. Reste à élucider les raisons de l’étonnante fierté des éleveurs. Diverses hypothèses sont examinées, mais l’auteur attire l’attention sur les considérations de nature idéologique et il suggère que l’élément décisif pourrait bien avoir été l’idéologie. Il tente d’identifier les facteurs « objectifs » susceptibles, d’une part, d’induire le pasteur à conclure en toute quiétude à la supériorité morale (ou éthique) de son mode de subsistance, et, d’autre part, d’inciter chacun de son côté, le chasseur et l’agriculteur, à prendre sérieusement en considération, sinon à admettre, les prétentions des éleveurs.
Bellavista: Political Incorporation in a Columbian Urban Barrio
Authors: Robertson Peter R.
Published: April 2023

The locus of the study is an established lower-class mestizo neighbourhood (formerly a squatter settlement) on the margin of a city in the coffee-producing departamento of Caldas, Columbia. The residents exhibit considerable diversity in productive occupations, including both rural and urban, skilled and unskilled labour. The political behaviour of barrio residents appears as several isolated networks between which there is very little interaction. While general distrust in the benefits of political participation is a commonly-expressed sentiment, on an individual basis vertical patronage hierarchies which channel jobs and favours in exchange for votes are an important social mechanism incorporating the barrio residents into national political activities. But these vertical networks significantly increase the difficulty of achieving concensus in working toward community goals. The role of the political broker is central to the ongoing formation of political attitudes in the barrio.
Coping in a Bilingual Community: Sixth Graders in Châteauguay, Québec
Authors: Hubbell Linda J.
Published: April 2023

As part of a larger study of bilingual and monolingual children in Châteauguay, Québec, interviews were conducted with Grade 6 students from five types of home and school language backgrounds to compare their varying view of their own linguistic competence in confronting a world of two languages. Questions focussed on their self perceptions of their skills in English and French, their past experiences in both languages, and their reactions to real-life and hypothetical situations. Results were discouraging in that children of all five backgrounds report intermixing without interacting.
Marché ethnique et ethnicisation : la genèse de l’ethnicité haïtienne au Québec
Authors: Massé Raymond
Published: April 2023

Les études portant sur la « résurgence » des ethnicités ont pour la plupart tenté d’expliquer ce phénomène par des modifications profondes dans les structures économiques, politiques ou sociales des sociétés multi-ethniques. Très peu d’importance est attachée à la dynamique socio-économique qui caractérise pourtant chaque groupe ethnique. A partir de l’analyse de la genèse de l’ethnicité haïtienne au Québec, cet article montrera que cette dynamique intra-ethnique peut prendre la forme d’un processus de contrôle, de la part d’une petite bourgeoisie ethnique, d’un marché ethnique des services politiques, économiques, sociaux ou autres reposant sur une « clientèle » ethnique. Le concept d’ethnicisation nous permettra de rendre compte de la structuration d’une véritable « communauté » haïtienne.
Toward a Typology of Missionary Medicine: A Comparison of Three Canadian Medical Missions in China before 1937
Authors: Cheung Yuet-Wah , New Peter Kong-ming
Published: April 2023

Until the Communist domination in 1949, medical missionaries had been the chief source of modern health care in China. While there is now a small but growing body of literature on medical missionaries and their work in China, studies in this area have treated missionary medicine as a homogeneous type of health care. This is a simplistic view of missionary medicine, as medical work organized by Christian missions has exhibited a variety of forms in Chinese society. The purpose of this paper is to offer a typology of missionary medicine, which will provide a useful framework for further research in this area. Medical missionary activities fell into three main dimensions, ranging from hospital and dispensary services, or “primary” medical work, to medical education and public health, or “secondary” medical work. While primary medical work was the sine qua non of every mission, the amount of medical resources allocated to secondary medical work varied tremendously among the missions. By using the concepts of “local” and “cosmopolitan,” two types of missionary medicine can be distinguished on the basis of the amount of secondary medical work carried out by a mission. Local medical missions devoted most resources to primary work, making few secondary efforts, whereas cosmopolitan medical missions allocated substantial resources to secondary work apart from maintaining primary work. The medical work of three Canadian missions in China from the turn of the twentieth century to 1937 will be used to illustrate the local-cosmopolitan typology. Also, the utility and implications of the typology for the study of health care in China will be discussed.
The Evolution of Dysfunction
Authors: Diener Paul
Published: April 2023

Cultural ecological theory has typically assumed that evolutionary processes lead inevitably to the emergence of positive functions and useful adaptations (Vayda, Harris, Durham, Barkow, Adams). But biologists are aware that dysfunctions, as well as positive functions, may result from evolution. In both biology and anthropology, dialectical models are better able to incorporate dysfunctional evolutionary trends. In this paper, a “thought experiment” illustrating dysfunctional evolutionary processes is provided. The strengths, and weaknesses, of using biological ideas as “creative analogies” for cultural processes are discussed. We need to pay more attention to the evolution of dysfunctions and to the emergence of contradictions in cultural systems.
The Anthropologist and the Article
Authors: Reid Bill
Published: April 2023

For some reasons, most of the people, particularly anthropologists who write about the supernatural creatures of the Pacific Northwest Coast mythology, employ, to my way of thinking, a most peculiar dictional device: the dropping of the article which should ordinarily precede their specific names: e.g. “Raven” instead “the raven”. I have always found this practice most irritating and was eventually driven to write this paper. In doing so, I may have discovered that my argument goes deeper than a mere matter of style and touches on something fundamental regarding the attitude of today’s society to tribal peoples and their cultures.
L’intégration des Inuit au système biomédical : perspectives d’une contradiction
Authors: Grondin Jacques
Published: April 2023

Cet article s’attache à certaines métaphores et à certains paradigmes sous-tendant l’analyse de l’intégration des autochtones au système biomédical. À partir d’exemples précis, celui du rapport des Inuit et de leur système de médecine au système biomédical et celui des commentaires sur les évacuations médicales des autochtones vers les centres urbains, l’auteur cherche à illustrer certaines contradictions issues d’un télescopage des niveaux d’analyse.
Oral Traditions and Written Accounts: An Incident from the Klondike Gold Rush
Authors: Cruikshank Julie
Published: April 2023

Dans le nord du Canada, il est fréquent d’entendre différentes versions de certains événements historiques, l’une écrite, l’autre encore vivante dans la mémoire des aînés autochtones. Nous comparerons ici des récits d’un incident particulier qui eut lieu entre autochtones et nouveaux venus pendant la ruée vers l’or au Klondike. Nous ne mettrons pas l’accent sur la « véracité » ou la « valeur de vérité » des récits mais plutôt sur les problèmes d’ordre méthodologique qu’entraîne le recours à plusieurs sources ; nous étudierons en outre les genres de narrations qui façonnent le récit écrit et oral.