bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Climate policy portfolios that accelerate emission reductions
Authors: Wilson Charlie , Arvanitopoulos Theodoros , Schaub Simon , Jordan Andrew , Tosun Jale , Vasilakos Nicholas
Published: August 2024

The corpus of national climate policies continues to grow, but to what effect? Using data on 2,782 policy instruments in 43 OECD countries and major emerging economies over the period 2000–2019 we show that national climate policy portfolios that specialise on certain instrument types and sectors are associated with faster reductions in fossil CO2 emission intensity. Supported by exemplar country case studies, we also provide quantitative evidence that the effectiveness of climate policy is amplified by the presence of long-term emission reduction targets and governmental bodies including dedicated ministries and intergovernmental organisations. Over the study period, the cumulative CO2 emissions avoided by adopting all portfolios amounted to 15.9 GtCO2 of which half was in the emerging economies. Our findings identify what type of climate policy portfolios are best at accelerating emission reductions in line with Paris Agreement goals.
Halide perovskite and polymer composite film for bright light emitting devices
Authors: Cheng Maoding , Robinson Brooke , Shah Manoj , Mondragon Araceli Herrera , Rodriguez Roberto Gonzalez , Cui Jingbiao , Lin Yuankun , Kaul Anupama B. , Watanabe Fumiya , Wangila Grant , Mortazavi Mansour , Yan Chao , Guo Zhanhu , Jiang Qinglong
Published: August 2024

Stability is the primary hindrance for the application of halide perovskite material in light emitting device, solar cell and other devices. In this work, halide perovskite and polymer composite film has been prepared for stable and bright light emitting devices. Pure-phase Cs4PbBr6 crystals have been synthesized, their photoluminescence (PL) properties and fluorescence lifetimes were investigated. The Cs4PbBr6 crystals exhibited high uniformity but underwent rapid photodegradation under light irradiation. To address this issue, we prepared bright light emitting devices using Cs4PbBr6 crystals and polyethylene oxide (PEO) as the emission layer. The aim was to improve the optical and physical properties of halide perovskites, such as photodegradation and stability. PEO, with its excellent film-forming ability, created a uniform and dense film on the halide perovskite surface, filling microscopic defects and providing a protective barrier. FTIR, morphology, and PL analyses confirmed the protective role of the halide perovskite and polymer composite film. The composite film light emitting devices demonstrated improved stability and higher PL brightness, with a peak brightness approaching 3×108 cd/m2, which was approximately 75% higher than the pure halide perovskite devices.
Green synthesis of boric acid modified bismuth based non-toxic perovskite quantum dots for highly sensitive detection of oxytetracycline
Authors: Liu Jiali , Li Chen , Zhang Shen , Wei Xiao , Gao Yue , Wang Fei , Yan Mengwei , Wang Jiaqi , Zhang Yuhui
Published: August 2024

In recent years, perovskite quantum dots (PQDs) have successfully attracted widespread attention due to their excellent optical properties. However, the instability and toxicity problems of perovskite quantum dots are the main obstacles limiting their applications. In this work, bismuth-based perovskite quantum dots were synthesized by a ligand-assisted reprecipitation method, based on which a novel boric acid-functionalized bismuth-based non-toxic perovskite quantum dots fluorescent sensor (Cs3Bi2Br9-APBA) that can be stabilized in the ethanol phase was prepared by a boron affinity technique, and a fluorescent sensor (Cs3Bi2Br9-APBA) based on the covalent binding interaction between Cs3Bi2Br9-APBA and oxytetracycline (OTC) was developed. A highly selective and sensitive method for the detection of OTC was developed to solve the problem of poor stability and toxicity of perovskite quantum dots application. Under the optimal conditions, the fluorescence intensity of the synthesized Cs3Bi2Br9-APBA quantum dots was linear with the concentration range of 0.1 ~ 18 µM OTC, and the detection limit can reach 0.0802 µM. The fluorescence detection mechanism was explored and analyzed by spectral overlap analysis, suppression efficiency study of observed and corrected fluorescence, and fluorescence lifetime decay curve fitting, the mechanism of OTC detection by Cs3Bi2Br9-APBA was identified as the inner filter effect (IFE). In addition, the sensor successfully realized the quantitative detection of trace OTC in the environment, and our study provides a new idea for the preparation of green perovskite materials with high stability and selectivity.
Estimation on Characteristic Strength Values of Unidirectional Engineered Bamboo Laminates and Cross-laminated Bamboo Panels
Authors: Wang Rui , Li Zhi , Wu Yao , Xia Mingkang , Wang Qian
Published: August 2024

Strength values of commercial-available thick-strip engineered bamboo boards with three batches of different standard thicknesses, 20, 30, and 40mm, used for glued laminated bamboo (glubam) structures, were obtained through tests. Experimental methods based on the geometrical characteristics of engineered bamboo panels are proposed in this research. The strength values of structural used engineered bamboo panels under various loading conditions were reported in terms of tension, compression, bending, and shear. The average stress-displacement curves of panels with different thicknesses are given and compared in this study. The k-sample Anderson-Darling (ADK) test was used to statistically analyze the thickness effect on the three batches of strength values, and test results indicated that three groups of data were drawn from different populations, the thickness has a significant effect on the material properties of bamboo panels. Based on the original test data obtained in this way, strength values and the corresponding coefficient of variance (COV) are calculated and compared. The probability plots of the strength values are given. The probability plots of the strength values indicate that the distribution of the strength values can be described as a normal distribution variable with a 75% level of accuracy. Based on such test information obtained through different small specimen numbers, ranging from 5 to 60, the characteristic strength values of the structure used bamboo panels are estimated according to the design-by-test approach. The compression performance and corresponding characteristic bearing capacity of cross-laminated-bamboo (CLB) based on the engineered bamboo boards are also studied in this research.
Does the thoracic fluid content reflect lung water and cardiac preload?
Authors: ROSALBA Daniela , SHI Rui , BRUSCAGNIN Chiara , LAI Christopher , FOUQUE Gaëlle , HAGRY Julien , VASCHETTO Rosanna , TEBOUL Jean-Louis , MONNET Xavier
Published: August 2024

Background: Whether the thoracic fluid content (TFC) estimated by bioimpedance actually reflects the thoracic water content and tracks its changes has not been tested yet. We compared TFC changes induced by volume expansion with those of well-established markers of cardiac preload including the global end-diastolic volume indexed (GEDVI) estimated by transpulmonary thermodilution (TPTD) and central venous pressure (CVP). We assessed the relationship between TFC and extravascular lung water indexed (EVLWI) estimated by TPTD in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).
Methods: In 42 patients with a TPTD device (PiCCO2), we measured GEDVI, EVLWI and CVP before and after a 500-mL fluid bolus (Fluid group). In 23 patients with ARDS, we measured the day-to-day changes in TFC and EVLWI (ARDS group).
Results: In the Fluid group (42 measurements), TFC increased significantly during fluid infusion. There was no correlation between the fluid-induced changes in GEDVI or CVP and the fluid-induced changes in TFC (p=0.71 and p=0.09, respectively). In the ARDS group, 124 measurements were performed, representing 101 changes between timepoints. There was no correlation between the percent changes in GEDVI, EVLWI, the sum of GEDVI+EVLWI and the percent changes in TFC (p=0.52, 0.40 and 0.55, respectively). Considering all 208 pairs of measurements performed, there was no correlation between the absolute values of GEDVI, EVLWI and the sum of GEDVI+EVLWI and those of TFC (p=0.33, 0.04 and 0.39, respectively). Considering all pairs of measurements performed, the percentage of error of cardiac index measured by bioreactance compared to TPTD was 131%.
Conclusions: In critically ill patients, TFC measured by bioimpedance does not follow the changes induced by a fluid bolus of well-known markers of cardiac preload. It also does not follow the changes in EVLWI observed in patients with ARDS. It is determined neither by GEDVI, nor by EVLWI or the sum of the two.
A widely distributed epifaunal clam, Chama macerophylla, exhibits compensatory responses to ocean warming and acidification
Authors: Kirkland Amanda , Frick Alanna J , Beaulieu Haley R , Granier Mark , Price Bennett H , Wiley John B , Boyle Kelly S , Cox T. Erin
Published: August 2024

Global ocean change can negatively impact bivalves, that serve to increase microhabitat and clarify waters in coastal ecosystems. Although effects of global stressors on commercial bivalves have been studied, predicting effects on non-commercial species is challenging due to species-specific responses and potential for synergistic or antagonistic effects when stressors are combined. We assessed the impact of global ocean change on the leafy jewel box clam, Chama macerophylla, a widely distributed epifaunal species. We focused on clams in the northern Gulf of Mexico, where amplified warming and acidification are anticipated. We hypothesized adult clams would experience heightened physiological stress when exposed to warming and acidification, with synergistic effects to combined stressors. Moderate and extreme stressor(s) used in experiments were seldom to never recorded in clam habitat. Yet, 98% of clams survived a 30-day laboratory exposure to single and combined stressor(s). Shells were bimineralic and no alterations in mineral composition were observed. Initially, clams at ambient carbonate chemistry showed increased respiration with higher temperatures, that were subsequently lower by day 30. Notably, clams, when at a constant ambient temperature, exhibited the highest calcification in the most acidic waters, suggesting a compensatory mechanism. When both stressors were present, respiration did not increase as expected with warmer temperatures, and extreme conditions led to variable calcification. Physiological responses from multi-stressor experiments were not statistically relatable to the stress condition, making it challenging to discern impacts of multi-stressors. This study highlights the importance of understanding adaptive mechanisms and long-term stress on bivalves crucial to benthic-pelagic coupling.
Widespread impact of transposable elements on the evolution of posttranscriptional regulation in the cotton genus Gossypium
Authors: Tian Xuehan , Wang Ruipeng , Liu Zhenping , Lu Sifan , Chen Xinyuan , Liu Fang , Zhang Xianlong , Wang Maojun
Published: August 2024

Transposable element (TE) expansion has long been known to mediate genome evolution and phenotypic diversity in organisms, but its impact on the evolution of posttranscriptional regulation following species divergence remains unclear. To address this issue, we performed long-read direct RNA sequencing, polysome profiling sequencing, and small RNA sequencing in the cotton genus Gossypium, the species of which range more than 3-fold in genome size. We found that TE expansion contributed to the turnover of transcription splicing sites and regulatory sequences, leading to changes in alternative splicing patterns and the expression levels of orthologous genes. We also found that TE-derived uORFs (upstream open reading frames) and microRNAs (miRNAs) served as regulatory elements mediating differences in the translation levels of orthologous genes. We further identified genes that exhibited lineage-specific divergence at the transcriptional (5,694 genes), splicing (5,255 genes) and translational (5,570 genes) levels, and showcased the high flexibility and fluidity of gene expression regulation in the evolutionary process. Our work highlights the significant role of TE in driving posttranscriptional regulation divergence in the cotton genus, and offers insights for deciphering the evolutionary mechanisms of cotton species and the formation of biological diversity.
Vapor pressure deficit control and mechanical vibration techniques to induce self-pollination in strawberry flowers
Authors: Lee Hyein , Cui Meiyan , Lee Byungkwan , Myung Jeesang , Shin Jaewook , Chun Changhoo
Published: August 2024

Background
Pollination strategies to supplement or replace insect pollinators are needed to produce marketable strawberry fruits in indoor vertical farms. To ensure the self-pollination of strawberry flowers, we investigated the anther dehiscence and pollen attachment under different vapor pressure deficit (VPD) conditions and external mechanical sine wave vibrations.
Results
The proportion of dehisced anthers was examined under VPDs of 2.06, 1.58, and 0.33 kPa, and the projected area of pollen clumps was assessed under VPDs of 2.06 and 0.33 kPa. After exposing flowers to a VPD of 0.33 kPa, vibrations with various frequency (Hz) and root mean square acceleration (m s−2) combinations were used to evaluate pollination effectiveness. The anthers underwent complete dehiscence at VPDs of 2.06, 1.58, and 0.33 kPa. The projected area of the pollen clump was larger at a VPD of 0.33 than that at 2.06 kPa. Pollen clump detachment was effective at 100 and 800 Hz with 40 m s−2, while pollen attachment to the stigma was most effective at 100 Hz.
Conclusions
These findings suggest that environmental control strategies and specific vibration characteristics can successfully aid strawberry flower pollination. This study provides fundamental insights into mechanical vibration pollination systems for fruit production in indoor vertical farming.
Leading anti-tick vaccine targets are variably conserved in cattle fever ticks
Authors: Busch Joseph D. , Stone Nathan E. , Pemberton Grant L. , Roberts Mackenzie L. , Turner Rebekah E. , Thornton Natalie B. , Sahl Jason W. , Lemmer Darrin , Buckmeier Greta , Davis Sara K. , Guerrero-Solorio Roberto I. , Karim Shahid , Klafke Guilherme , Thomas Donald B. , Olafson Pia U. , Ueti Massaro , Mosqueda Juan , Scoles Glen A. , Wagner David M.
Published: August 2024

Background
Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus causes significant cattle production losses worldwide because it transmits Babesia bovis and B. bigemina causative agents of bovine babesiosis. Control of these ticks primarily has relied on treatment of cattle with chemical acaricides, but frequent use, exacerbated by the one-host life cycle of these ticks, has led to high-level resistance to multiple classes of acaricides. Consequently, new approaches for control, such as anti-tick vaccines, are critically important. Key to this approach is targeting highly conserved antigenic epitopes to reduce the risk of vaccine escape in heterologous tick populations.
Methods
We evaluated amino acid conservation within 14 tick proteins across 167 R. microplus collected from geographically diverse locations in the Americas and Pakistan using PCR amplicon sequencing and in silico translation of exons.
Results
We found that amino acid conservation varied considerably across these proteins. Only one target, the voltage-dependent anion channel, was fully conserved in all 167 R. microplus samples (protein similarity 1.0). Five other proteins were highly conserved: the aquaporin RmAQP1 (0.989), vitellogenin receptor (0.985), serpin-1 (0.985), and subolesin (0.981). In contrast, the glycoprotein protease Bm86 was one of the least conserved (0.889). The Bm86 sequence used in the original Australian TickGARD vaccine carried many amino acid replacements compared to the R. microplus populations examined here, supporting the hypothesis that this vaccine target is not optimal for use in the Americas. By mapping amino acid replacements onto predicted 3D protein models, we also identified amino acid changes within several small peptide vaccines targeting portions of the aquaporin RmAQP2, chitinase, and Bm86.
Conclusions
These findings emphasize the importance of thoroughly analyzing protein variation within anti-tick vaccine targets across diverse tick populations before selecting candidate vaccine antigens. When considering protein conservation alone, RmAQP1, vitellogenin receptor, serpin-1, subolesin, and especially the voltage-dependent anion channel rank as high priority anti-tick vaccine candidates for use in the Americas and perhaps globally.
Interrogating Data-Independent Acquisition LC-MS/MS for affinity proteomics
Authors: Tabb David L. , Kaniyar Mohammed Hanzala , Bringas Omar Rosas , Shin Heaji , Stefano Luciano , Taylor Martin S. , Xie Shaoshuai , Yilmaz Omer H. , LaCava John
Published: August 2024

Data-Independent Acquisition (DIA) LC-MS/MS is an attractive partner for co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) and affinity proteomics in general. Reducing the variability of quantitation by DIA could increase the statistical contrast for detecting specific interactors versus what has been achieved in Data-Dependent Acquisition (DDA). By interrogating affinity proteomes featuring both DDA and DIA experiments, we sought to evaluate the spectral libraries, the missingness of protein quantity tables, and the CV of protein quantities in six studies representing three different instrument manufacturers. We examined four contemporary bioinformatics workflows for DIA: FragPipe, DIA-NN, Spectronaut, and MaxQuant. We determined that (1) identifying spectral libraries directly from DIA experiments works well enough that separate DDA experiments do not produce larger spectral libraries when given equivalent instrument time; (2) experiments involving mock pull-downs or IgG controls may feature such indistinct signals that contemporary software will struggle to quantify them; (3) measured CV values were well controlled by Spectronaut and DIA-NN (and FragPipe, which implements DIA-NN for the quantitation step); and (4) when FragPipe builds spectral libraries and quantifies proteins from DIA experiments rather than performing both operations in DDA experiments, the DIA route results in a larger number of proteins quantified without missing values as well as lower CV for measured protein quantities.
Jan Sjödin faba bean mutation collection: status and molecular characterization
Authors: Khazaei Hamid , Carlson-Nilsson Ulrika , Schulman Alan H.
Published: August 2024

Background
Plant mutagenesis creates novel alleles that increase genetic diversity and enhance crop resilience, productivity, and sustainability. The availability of the faba bean (Vicia faba L.) reference genome and a growing set of additional genomic resources has increased the scientific and practical value of mutant collections. We phenotyped and genotyped a historical faba bean mutant collection developed and characterized by Jan Sjödin (1934–2023) over half a century ago. The collection was genotyped using high-throughput single-primer enrichment technology (SPET) assays.
Results
In this study, we used 11,073 informative single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers spanning the faba bean genome to genetically characterize 52 mutant lines along with the background line, cv. Primus. A range of flowers, seeds, leaves, and stipule mutations were observed. The analysis of population structure revealed a shallow structure with no major subpopulations. Principal component and cluster analyses revealed, to a minor extent, that the mutants clustered by their phenotype.
Conclusions
Given the high marker density, our findings support the power of SPET for faba bean genotyping. Our results will be useful for breeding and genetic studies in faba bean.
From Image to Insight: Deep Learning Solutions for Accurate Identification and Object Detection of Acorus Species Slices
Authors: Liu Yinghui , Liu Haitao , Li Linlan , Ding Ying
Published: August 2024

Given the morphological similarity and medicinal efficacy differences between Acorus tatarinowii Rhizoma and Acorus calamus Rhizoma, both belonging to the Acorus rhizome slices, as well as the phenomenon of their mixed use in the market, this study aims to achieve high-precision classification and rapid object detection of these two Acorus Species Slices using deep learning technology, thus enhancing the accuracy and efficiency of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) identification. The study constructed a high-quality dataset consisting of 1,928 rigorously preprocessed and annotated images of Acorus tatarinowii Rhizoma and Acorus calamus Rhizoma specimens. The ResNet50 model was employed for classifying to improve classification accuracy. Furthermore, the YOLOv8 algorithm was utilized for object detection. Experimental results indicate that the ResNet50 model can accurately distinguish between Acorus tatarinowii Rhizoma and Acorus calamus Rhizoma decoction pieces, achieving a test set accuracy of 92.8%, thereby realizing precise classification. Meanwhile, the YOLOv8 algorithm achieved rapid object detection in mixed states of the two, with a detection accuracy of 98.6% and a detection frame rate of 22fps. This study successfully applied deep learning technology to the classification and object detection of TCM decoction pieces, providing an effective means for intelligent identification and management of Chinese medicinal materials.
A Linear Transconductance Cell with a Tunable Control Voltage for Variable Gain Amplifiers
Authors: Akbari Meysam
Published: August 2024

This paper proposes a highly linear transconductance cell with a widely tunable control voltage based on a bulk-driven technique. The transconductance is configured using a self-biasing structure to achieve high linear operation under control-voltage variations. In addition, the transistors of the input differential pair are driven from the bulk terminal to increase the input dynamic range and provide a low-voltage structure. A reference voltage is embedded to control the transistors' DC currents and balance the circuit's operation under unwanted variations such as corner cases. The proposed cell is simulated via 180-nm CMOS technology under a supply of 0.5 V. The simulation results show that the DC gain changes from 0 dB to 14.2 dB for control-voltage variations in the range of 0–0.5 V. Moreover, the common mode input voltage can change from 0.125 V to 0.375 V without any degeneration in linearity, which results in a 0.25 V input dynamic range. The proposed cell consumes only 250 nW of power, which is suitable for ultralow-power applications.
Biodegradation of PAHs in drilling wastes from oil-contaminated soil using an isolated halotolerant bacterial consortium
Authors: Jaafarzadeh Neamatollah , Talepour Nastaran , Montazeri Effat Abbasi , Seyedali Seyed Rasoul , Ayalwar Sara , Pourabdi Nazanin , Ganjiazad Ehsan , chaghazardi Zahra , Mirzavand Morteza , pachelak Zahra Hatami , Veysi Zahra , Kaydi Neda , Noveiri Hoda , Jafarzadeh Zahra
Published: August 2024

Petroleum contaminants and fossil fuel activities contribute significantly to environmental pollution, especially in regions involved in oil production. Polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in petroleum products are hazardous to the environment and human health because of their intricate chemical makeup and cancer-causing characteristics. In this study, we isolated and characterized bacterial strains from oil-contaminated soil using 16S rRNA analysis to evaluate their potential for degrading PAHs commonly found in drilling wastes. We also analyzed the PAH content in drilling cuttings and assessed the effectiveness of PAH biodegradation by the isolated bacterial consortium on real oil-drilled cutting samples. Additionally, a bioremediation consortium comprising Pseudomonas stutzeri, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Bacillus subtilis was used to remediate PAHs. This study suggests that indigenous bacteria contribute favorably to the process of PAH biodegradation. We observed that benzo(a)anthracene exhibited the fastest degradation rate among the tested compounds, while fluorene showed slower degradation than the other tested compounds. Importantly, the efficiency of all tested scenarios surpassed 97%, highlighting the efficacy of the bioremediation approach in reducing PAH contamination. These results underscore the potential of utilizing bacterial consortia for effective PAH remediation, contributing to the development of sustainable strategies for environmental remediation.
Time Series Analysis for The Treatment of Typhoid (Enteric) Fever in Maiduguri: Using Arima Model
Authors: Kaigama Aishatu , Madaki Umar Yusuf
Published: August 2024

This research employs the ARIMA model to conduct a thorough time series analysis on the treatment of typhoid (enteric) fever in Maiduguri. The study reveals the presence of both trend and seasonality in the data, with the trend indicating a recent reduction in the recorded data. Using autocorrelation and partial autocorrelation function (ACF and PACF), the data can also be utilized to determine the model's order. The model obtained is subjected to model diagnostics to determine its efficiency and the model is used to forecast the typhoid fever. From the forecast graph shows that there may be a decrease in future years due to the pattern of the series the impression, we obtain from the graph is that predicted series seems to be trend upward and then downward. ARIMA (1,0,0) has the minimum value of AIC therefore it found to be best model. Hence, the model to fit the typhoid fever based on diplomatic test, which is LJung Box test from the family of Box Janks procedure, then our P-value is less than 0.05 level of significant, we reject the null hypothesis and conclude that the typhoid fever is statistically significant at 5% level of significant. Forecast of typhoid fever from February to December 2025 we also conclude that the typhoid fever is stable. Improve Sanitation and Hygiene: Implement measures to improve sanitation and hygiene practices, especially in areas with high disease prevalence. This may include promoting access to clean water, proper waste management, and hygiene education campaigns.Keyword: ARIMA Model, Typhoid fever, Box janks, WHO, Model diagnostic.
Pemodelan ARIMA dan ARIMAX untuk Memprediksi Jumlah Produksi Padi di Kota Magelang
Authors: Amri Ihsan Fathoni , Ramadhan Wulan Nur , Ainurrofiah Safira , Haris M. Al
Published: August 2024

Memprediksi atau meramalkan perilaku observasi biasanya menggunakan pemodelan time series yang dilakukan secara berurutan. Prediksi jumlah produksi padi diharapkan dapat memberikan masukan bagi pemerintah dan dimanfaatkan oleh siapa saja sebagai pengembangan pada sektor pertanian serta sebagai bahan ajar penggunaan metode ARIMA (Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average) dan ARIMAX (Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average with Exogenous Variable). Tujuan dari penelitian ini sebagai perbandingan dalam menemukan model terbaik dari metode ARIMA dan ARIMAX untuk memprediksi jumlah produksi padi pada tahun 2023 di kota Magelang. Data yang digunakan merupakan data produksi padi dan luas lahan tanam sebagai variabel eksogen di Kota Magelang pada bulan Januari 2019 sampai Desember 2022. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, diperoleh model ARIMA terbaik untuk meramalkan jumlah produksi padi di kota Malang adalah ARIMA (0,1,1), sedangnkan model ARIMAX terbaik adalah ARIMAX (0,0,1). Perbandingan kedua model tersebut berdasarkan nilai MAPE, model ARIMAX (0,0,1) menjadi model terbaik untuk meramalkan jumlah produksi padi di Kota Malang karena menghasilkan MAPE terkecil 6,31%. Hasil peramalan menggunakan model ARIMAX (0,0,1) menunjukkan data cenderung mengalami pola trend turun. Hal ini dikarenakan lahan pertanian yang semakin sempit setiap tahunnya sehingga menyebabkan jumlah produksinya semakin menurun.Kata Kunci: Pemodelan, metode ARIMA, metode ARIMAX, Produksi Padi.
Modeling and application of urban waterlogging resilience assessment based on PSR–NES framework and analysis of driving mechanisms
Authors: Gao Yuqin , Xu Mengqi , Zheng Hang , Liu Yunping , Xu Jing
Published: August 2024

Extreme weather events are escalating globally, intensifying urban waterlogging disasters and endangering inhabitants and assets while hindering socio-economic progress. This study explores factors hindering cities' waterlogging disaster mitigation using urban resilience theory. It introduces a pressure–state–response (PSR)–natural–economic–social (NES) assessment model to evaluate urban waterlogging resilience, focusing on Nanjing as a key city in flood control. Flood scenarios are simulated using the MIKE model for different rainstorm recurrence periods. Urban flooding resilience is assessed with a hybrid approach. Geodetector analysis identifies primary resilience drivers. Results validate the PSR–NES composite resilience index, showing complex resilience patterns across the study area. High-resilience areas are mainly in the east and southeast, while low-resilience areas cluster along roads and low-lying communities. Key resilience indicators include waterlogging duration, inundation depth, warning capacity, economic density, and road accessibility. These factors interact with nonlinear enhancements and synergies. The study's insights can identify urban management or flood defense infrastructure deficiencies, guiding tailored flood defense strategies for stakeholders.
Demographic potential of childhood in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)
Authors: Fedotova Natalia Dmitrievna
Published: August 2024

On the basis of the analysis of the main demographic indicators of the child population of Yakutia, the problem of the demographic potential of the republic is considered in the varticle. The materials of the All-Russian Population Census, statistical materials of the Territorial Body of the Federal State Statistics Service for the Republic Sakha (Yakutia) were used as the basis for the study. The positive and negative features of the dynamics of demographic indicators are highlighted.
The procedure for holding public hearings in international practice
Authors: Ivanova Zinaida Ilinichna , Danilina Nina Vasilevna
Published: August 2024

The problems of public hearings, their organization and conduct are debatable around the world. This institution of self-government is being improved in accordance with the expansion of citizens' rights in the management of urban processes, the introduction of information technologies in the implementation process. In Russia, the Federal Law №212 dated July 21, 2017 introduced changes to the Urban Development Code of the Russian Federation to improve the effectiveness of this institution in the conditions of informatization and digitalization. The authors of this article conducted a comparative analysis of the forms and procedures of organization, issues discussed in world practice, and concluded that in European countries, the USA, Canada the range of issues discussed at public hearings is wider, information technologies are used more widely, and decisions are mandatory for making. In Russia, the results of public hearings have no legal status. A study of world practices is required to use the positive experience of other countries in ensuring the effectiveness of this institution.
Comparative method for teaching phonology in multicultural philological vocational training
Authors: Elkina Tatiana Viktorovna
Published: August 2024

The present paper objective is to update the issue of phonological competence development in the framework of multicultural education. On the ground of modern pedagogical studies, the basics of multicultural education are refined on and the content of phonological competence is revealed. The process of acquiring phonological competence is characterized on the basis of the comparative method that includes internal and external subject integration. The paper provides the system of contrastive-phonological activities for mastering phonological competence.
Dendro-anatomía de la madera de Guatteria hyposericea, Jacaranda copaia y Pourouma minor en Junín, Perú
Authors: Zegarra-Agüero Linda E. , Chavesta-Custodio Manuel , Marcelo-Peña José Luis
Published: August 2024

En los bosques de Perú se realizan actividades de aprovechamiento forestal, pero se desconocen las tasas de crecimiento de los árboles, esta problemática pone en riesgo el aprovechamiento sostenible de las especies maderables en el país. Los objetivos de esta investigación fueron caracterizar la estructura anatómica, construir una cronología de los anillos de crecimiento de Guatteria hyposeri­cea, Jacaranda copaia y Pourouma minor, y determinar la influencia de las variables climáticas en el crecimiento de estas especies. Las muestras de leño se obtuvieron de un bosque secundario tardío, ubicado en los alrededores de Satipo, Junín, Perú. Para la caracterización anatómica de la madera, se prepararon láminas histológicas y tejido macerado, conforme al IBAMA (1991) e IAWA (1989). Los anillos de crecimiento fueron demarcados por cambios en el espesor del diámetro de las fibras, visibles como zonas más oscuras. Se aplicaron técnicas dendrocronológicas para procesar, medir y analizar los anillos de crecimiento. Los resultados revelaron que las especies son juveniles, con edades que oscilan entre 37 (Guateria hyposericea), 25 (Jacaranda copaia) y 28 (Pouroma minor) años. Aunque no se evidenciaron correlaciones significativas entre las cronologías de las especies y las variables climáticas anuales; se observaron correlaciones significativas positivas y negativas con variables climáticas mensuales.
To Explore Potential Natural Inhibitors of Cysteine Proteases to Combat Human African Trypanosomiasis and Chagas Disease
Authors: Saha Aloke , Pushpa  , Bagchi Soumya Ranjan , Samadder Asmita , Nandi Sisir
Published: August 2024

Background:

Human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT), also known as sleeping
sickness, and Chagas disease are neglected tropical diseases caused by Trypanosoma brucei
and Trypanosoma cruzi, respectively. These diseases present significant challenges in treatment
due to the toxicity, low efficacy, and drug-resistant strains associated with current therapies.

Introduction:

Cysteine proteases play vital roles in the life cycles of these parasites, making
them potential targets for therapeutic intervention. Natural inhibitors sourced from plants, marine
organisms, and microorganisms show promise for developing novel therapies.

Methods:

This review surveys the potential of natural inhibitors as therapeutic agents against
HAT and Chagas disease. It compiles PubMed and PubChem information from various studies to
provide an overview of their activities and characteristics, including their ability to inhibit cysteine
proteases, modulate the host immune response, and interfere with other parasite proteins.

Results:

Several natural inhibitors, such as berberine, curcumin, and tannins, have been identified
and characterized. These inhibitors have demonstrated encouraging outcomes in both in
vitro and in vivo experiments, indicating their potential as therapeutic agents for HAT and
Chagas disease.

Conclusion:

Natural inhibitors of cysteine proteases offer a promising avenue for developing
novel therapies against HAT and Chagas disease. Further research is needed to identify additional
natural inhibitors and optimize their efficacy and safety for human use. The significance
of this study lies in its potential to contribute to the discovery of effective, safe, and affordable
treatments for these neglected tropical diseases.
Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Tyrosol and Its Derivatives: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: DK Gokul Raj , Milan KL , Ramkumar Kunka Mohanram
Published: August 2024

Tyrosol (Ty) and its derivatives have gathered considerable attention in recent
years due to their diverse pharmacological properties and potential therapeutic applications.
This comprehensive review aims to summarize the current understanding of the
therapeutic potential of Ty and its derivatives in combating various diseases, including
cancer, cardiovascular disease (CVD), neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes, and obesity.
This review highlights the multifaceted properties of Ty, including its pharmacokinetic
profile and pharmacological actions, which contribute to its efficacy against these prevalent
health conditions. Moreover, the antimicrobial and wound-healing effects of Ty
are explored, elucidating its potential for broader therapeutic utilization. While existing
studies provide evidence supporting the beneficial effects of Ty, gaps remain in our understanding
of its molecular mechanisms of action and the exploration of novel derivatives.
Future research efforts are thus critical for unraveling the full therapeutic potential
of Ty and its derivatives. Moreover, the synthesis of novel derivatives with enhanced efficacy
and improved bioavailability shows potential for addressing unmet medical
needs. This review emphasizes the necessity for ongoing research into Ty and its derivatives,
providing valuable insights into their potential as essential therapeutic agents for
addressing diverse health conditions.
Activin A-Targeted Therapy in Cancer: An Updated Review on Challenges and Opportunities in Clinical Translation
Authors: Rastegar-Pouyani Nima , Farzin Mohammad Amin , Karimi Pegah , Kolivand Sedighe , Jafarzadeh Emad , Haji Abdolvahab Mohadeseh , Najafi Masoud
Published: August 2024

Activin A (ActA) is a cytokine from the TGF-β superfamily that mediates a vast number of physiological
mechanisms, mainly through the SMAD signaling pathway. Growing evidence indicates that ActA
overexpression is also correlated with poor prognosis in cancer patients and several tumor characteristics, including
cancer proliferation, metastasis, immunosuppression, drug resistance, cachexia, and cancer-associated
fibroblast activation. As such, ActA-targeted therapy has been viewed as a potential adjuvant therapy alongside
other anti-cancer modalities that may result in more efficient anti-cancer effects, such as stronger immune
responses, overcoming drug resistance, reversing cachexia, etc. However, despite its interesting concept, targeting
ActA is not without certain challenges and considerations. Indeed, ActA has unexpectedly shown anti-tumor
effects in some cases, which might be explained by differences in the expression levels of different ActA
receptors on the cell surface, activation of non-SMAD pathways, and imbalance in ActA levels. Besides, many
of the current ActA antagonists lack enough specificity and, as a result, bind to non-ActA receptors as well.
Furthermore, ubiquitous expression of ActA in the body can cause serious adverse effects following systemic
administration. Furthermore, to address these issues, anti-ActA monoclonal antibodies and nanoparticle drug
delivery systems have recently been suggested to target ActA with better precision in the affected area. In this
review, first, we provide the different implications of ActA in cancer. Then, we discuss the recent insights into
targeting ActA signaling as an adjuvant therapy alongside other anti-cancer modalities, as well as the possible
challenges and novel opportunities on the path of clinical translation.
Rosmanol Alleviates Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Enhancing the Myocardial miR-126/VEGF/PI3K/AKT Signaling in STZ-Induced Diabetic Rats
Authors: Wu Menghai , Qi Huaxin , Li Jun , Velu Periyannan , Han Xia
Published: August 2024

Background:

A major factor in type 1 diabetes mortality is Ischemic Heart Disease
(IHD). In order to treat IHD, blood flow must be restored to the heart, which results in myocardial
ischemia-reperfusion (MI/R) damage. While rosmanol inhibits MI/R damage, its role in diabetic-
MI/R (D-MI/R) injury remains unclear. Both microRNA (miR) 126 and the PI3K/AKT
signaling pathway have been linked to preventing MI/R damage.

Objective:

The objective of the present study was to investigate whether rosmanol inhibits DMI/
R-injury in diabetic rats and whether miR-126-phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/ protein
kinase B axis (miR-126-PI3K/AKT) is implicated in this protective effect.

Methods:

For 30 days, diabetic rats received either distilled water or the drug rosmanol (40
mg/kg, orally) before being subjected to MI/R.

Results:

The findings from the current study demonstrated how rosmanol reduced MI/R damage
in rats with diabetes caused by streptozotocin (STZ). Using spectrophotometry, it was possible
to measure the decrease in myocardial enzyme levels, the rise in cardiac viability, the inhibition
of myocardial oxidative stress, the increase in cardiac function, and the detection of these
changes using a hemodynamic monitoring system. In addition, rosmanol augmented the miR-
126-PI3K/AKT in the hearts of ischemic rats. After stimulating the myocardial miR-126-
PI3K/AKT axis, our results showed that rosmanol protected the heart against MI/R in STZinduced
diabetic rats.

Conclusion:

According to the most recent research, rosmanol may be a useful tool in the therapy
of diabetic IHD since it is an effective agent against D-MI/R damage.
Phytochemical Profile and Antioxidant and Protective Activities of Various Types of Extracts from Hyssopus officinalis L. and Grindelia robusta Nutt. Herb Grown in Poland
Authors: Michalak Monika , Błońska-Sikora Ewelina , Stryjecka Małgorzata , Zagórska-Dziok Martyna , Klimek-Szczykutowicz Marta , Szopa Agnieszka
Published: August 2024

Introduction:

The available literature indicates that Hyssopus officinalis and Grindelia
robusta are raw materials with great potential for use in prevention and therapy. Therefore, the
aims of this study were to assess the phytochemical profile and antioxidant and cytoprotective
properties of extracts prepared using various solvents, additionally taking into account different
methods of drying the plant material.

Methods:

Hydrodistilled oil was analysed by GC-MS. The chemical composition of the extracts
was estimated by spectrophotometry and the HPLC-DAD method. Antioxidant activity was evaluated
using DPPH and FRAP and measuring the intracellular level of ROS. Alamar Blue and
Neutral Red tests were used to assess the cytotoxicity of the extracts on skin cells - keratinocytes
and fibroblasts.

Results:

The major components of hyssop essential oil were cis- (44.9%) and trans- (18.2%) pinocamphone,
while borneol (16.1%), and α-pinene (12.0%) were predominant in grindelia essential
oil. Flavonoids were dominant in the extracts (water:ethanol, water:methanol, and water:
glycerol) from hot-air dried hyssop herb, while phenolic acids were the predominant compounds
in the grindelia herb extracts. The water:ethanol hyssop extract had the highest total content
of flavonoids (42.26 mg CE/mL), among which isoquercitrin and rutin were present in the
highest quantities (32.61 mg/mL and 21.47 mg/mL, respectively). In the case of grindelia, the
highest total phenolic acid content (26.24 mg CAE/mL) was recorded in the water:ethanol extract,
and the dominant compounds among them were 1,5-dicaffeoylquinic and chlorogenic acid
(10.85 and 6.39 mg/mL, respectively). The water:ethanol extract from both plants also exhibited
the highest antioxidant activity in the DPPH and FRAP tests (79.19% and 1.39 mmol/L, respectively,
for grindelia and 67.61% and 1.04 mmol/L for hyssop) and was most effective at reducing
the level of ROS in cells. In addition, water:ethanol extracts may have a positive impact on the
viability of skin cells in vitro.

Conclusion:

Water:ethanol extracts from H. officinalis and G. robusta herb are promising
sources of active compounds and may find application as natural materials with valuable biological
properties, which require further in vitro and in vivo testing.
Traumatic Stress, Psychological Well-being, and Sociodemographic Correlates in High-stress Environments among Healthcare Professionals
Authors: Alawage Hanaa Mohammed Alassaf , Zaidi Uzma
Published: August 2024

Background

Healthcare staff provide crucial services to their patients; hence, their well-being is essential to ensure they offer the best services with minimal harm to their health.

Aim

This study aimed to identify associations of traumatic stress, psychological well-being, and sociodemographic variables to provide insight into the experiences and feelings of healthcare personnel in high-stress settings. Furthermore, we will examine how sociodemographic factors and traumatic stress impact the psychological well-being of high-stress environment healthcare professionals.

Objective

This research investigated the relationship between traumatic stress, psychological well-being, and sociodemographic factors in high-stress environments among healthcare personnel in different medical units. It was hypothesized that sociodemographic variables and traumatic stress will predict psychological well-being among healthcare workers who work in high-stress environments. Furthermore, there will be differences in traumatic stress and psychological well-being based on sociodemographic variables among healthcare workers working in high-stress environments.

will experience high l

Methods

To accomplish this goal, an online survey including sociodemographic information, standardized questionnaires of Secondary Traumatic Stress Scale, and a Brief Inventory of Thriving were administered to healthcare personnel (N=290) to collect data for sociodemographic characteristics, traumatic stress levels, and psychological well-being. The results were processed by using SPSS. The descriptive statistics measured participants' characteristics, traumatic stress levels, and psychological well-being. The pearson product-moment correlation, regression analysis, and ANOVA were used to measure the relationship and impact of sociodemographic factors, traumatic stress, and psychological well-being.

Results

A significant inverse relationship between traumatic stress and psychological well-being (r= -0.518, p < 0.05) was reported. Furthermore, multiple regression analysis provided the predictive association of traumatic stress and negative well-being (p<0.05). Additionally, ANOVA was conducted to measure the differences in socio-
demographic variables of traumatic stress and the psychological well-being level of healthcare professionals.

Conclusion

The results of this research could help inform policy decisions and interventions that may improve the psychological well-being of healthcare personnel in high-stress environments. Ethical considerations such as participant privacy protection and addressing potential psychological distress are also discussed.
Argentinian Flag Sign during Cataract Surgery: Case Reports
Authors: He Kun , Pan Binxin , Tian Pengfei
Published: August 2024

Purpose

Three case reports involving the Argentinian Flag Sign (AFS) during cataract surgery are presented in this paper with a discussion of the relevance to patients with a history of vitrectomy and silicone oil usage. Insights into the management of cases with similar complications, including surgical strategies, intraoperative findings, and post-surgical outcomes, are offered.

Case Presentations

Cases 1, 2, and 3 involved a 47-year-old female, a 26-year-old female, and a 57-year-old male, all of whom had a history of retinal detachment, vitrectomy, and silicone oil use. The AFS was observed during cataract surgery in all patients. Intraocular Lens (IOL) implantation was successfully achieved and visual acuity improved in all cases.

Conclusion

The observation of AFS is more common in younger patients and those with a history of vitreoretinal surgery, and poses surgical challenges to avoid significant impact on postoperative visual acuity. Appropriate preoperative assessment to inform the choice of surgical technique is vital to ensure successful outcomes. Stable anterior chamber pressure should be maintained and the emulsified cortex must be carefully removed. Individualized adjustment of fluid dynamics is required to minimize the risk of radial tearing of the anterior capsule. In conclusion, favorable outcomes may be achieved despite the appearance of the AFS during cataract surgery.