bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PD-L1 overexpression in EBV-positive gastric cancer is caused by unique genomic or epigenomic mechanisms
Authors: Nakano Hiroshi , Saito Motonobu , Nakajima Shotaro , Saito Katsuharu , Nakayama Yuko , Kase Koji , Yamada Leo , Kanke Yasuyuki , Hanayama Hiroyuki , Onozawa Hisashi , Okayama Hirokazu , Fujita Shotaro , Sakamoto Wataru , Saze Zenichiro , Momma Tomoyuki , Mimura Kosaku , Ohki Shinji , Goto Akiteru , Kono Koji
Published: January 2021

Epstein-Barr virus-positive gastric cancer [EBV (+) GC] is a distinct GC subtype with unique genetic and epigenetic aberrations. Here, we examined resected GC samples and publicly available microarray data and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database to identify the mechanism underlying overexpression of PD-L1 in EBV (+) GC. We found that high levels of PD-L1 overexpression in EBV (+) GC were caused by focal amplification of CD274. By contrast, relatively high expression of PD-L1 in tumor tissue and infiltrating immune cells correlated with CD8 lymphocyte infiltration and IFN-γ expression via IRF3 activation. Since we reported previously that PD-L1 expression is associated both with the presence of CD8 T cells in the tumor microenvironment and with IFN-γ expression in GC, we examined a database to see whether IFN-γ-associated overexpression of PD-L1 plays a significant role in EBV (+) GC. Immunohistochemical staining showed that expression of the IRF3 signature in clinical GC samples was higher in EBV (+) than in EBV (−) cases. The data presented herein reveal a unique dual mechanism underlying PD-L1 overexpression in EBV (+) GC: high focal amplification of CD274 or IFN-γ-mediated signaling via activation of IRF3.
Detailed characterization of plant-based burgers
Authors: De Marchi Massimo , Costa Angela , Pozza Marta , Goi Arianna , Manuelian Carmen L.
Published: January 2021

Flexitarians have reduced their meat consumption showing a rising interest in plant-based meat alternatives with ‘meaty’ characteristics, and we are witnessing an unprecedented growth of meat substitutes in the Western market. However, to our knowledge, no information regarding the ‘simulated beef burgers’ nutritional profile compared to similar meat products has been published yet. Here we show that, whilst both plant-based and meat-based burgers have similar protein profile and saturated fat content, the former are richer in minerals and polyunsaturated fatty acids. We found that the most abundant minerals in both categories were Na, K, P, S, Ca, and Mg; being Na and S content similar between groups. Only six amino acids differed between categories, being hydroxyproline exclusively in meat-based burgers. Plant-based burgers revealed fourfold greater content of n-6 than meat-based burgers, and greater short-chain fatty acids proportion. Our results demonstrate how ‘simulated beef’ products may be authenticated based on some specific nutrients and are a good source of minerals. We believe that there is a need to provide complete and unbiased nutritional information on these ‘new’ vegan products so that consumers can adjust their diet to nutritional needs.
The complex case of Macaronichnus trace fossil affecting rock porosity
Authors: Dorador Javier , Rodríguez-Tovar Francisco J. , Miguez-Salas Olmo
Published: January 2021

Bioturbation is an important factor for reservoir quality due to the modification of host rock petrophysical properties (i.e., porosity, permeability, and connectivity). However, there is no predictable relationship between bioturbation and its effect on rock properties, due to the variability of the involved ichnological features. A detailed ichnological analysis is necessary to determine how bioturbation affects petrophysical properties in a bioturbated reservoir. Traditionally, ichnological features such as density, tiering, size, orientation, architecture, and fill, have been considered. However, other properties have been undervalued as is the case of lining. Here, we present a detailed study on the effects of Macaronichnus burrows, an ichnotaxon usually related to hydrocarbon exploration due to its high concentration in rock notably affecting petrophysical properties. Macaronichnus, a subhorizontal cylindrical burrow, is characterized by a well-defined and developed outer rim surrounding the tube core. Our data indicates a clear zonation in porosity according to burrow structure, with the lowest porosity in the tube core and higher values associated with the surrounded rim. This duality is determined by the tracemaker grain selective feeding activity and the consequent concentrated cementation. The organism concentrates the lighter minerals in the tube core fill during feeding, favoring post-depositional cementation during diagenesis and this results in lower porosity than the host rock. However, heavy minerals, mainly glauconite, are located in the rim, showing higher porosity. Our results support the view that ichnological analyses are essential to determine reservoir quality in bioturbated reservoirs, evidencing that other ichnological properties in addition to those traditionally considered must be evaluated.
Multiparametric ultrasound findings in acute kidney failure due to rare renal cortical necrosis
Authors: Spiesecke Paul , Münch Frédéric , Fischer Thomas , Hamm Bernd , Lerchbaumer Markus H.
Published: January 2021

Renal cortical necrosis (RCN) is a rare cause of acute kidney failure and is usually diagnosed on the basis of characteristic enhancement patterns on cross-sectional imaging. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) offers benefits in patients with kidney failure in the clinical setting including the use of a nonnephrotoxic intravascular contrast agent and the fact that it can be performed at the bedside in critical cases. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate whether CEUS can reliably identify typical imaging features of RCN. We retrospectively analyzed 12 patients with RCN examined in our department and confirmation of the diagnosis by either histopathology, other contrast-enhanced cross-sectional imaging tests, and/or CEUS follow-up. Assessed parameters in conventional US were reduced echogenicity, loss of corticomedullary differentiation, length and width of kidney, hypoechoic rim, resistance index and in CEUS delayed wash-in of contrast agent (> 20 s), reverse rim sign, maximum nonenhancing rim and additional renal infarction. Furthermore, imaging features in RCN were compared with the findings in renal vein thrombosis (RVT), among them echogenicity, corticomedullar differentiation, hypoechoic rim, RI value, delayed cortical enhancement, total loss of cortical perfusion and enhancement of renal medulla. All 12 patients showed the reverse rim sign, while a hypoechogenic subcapsular rim was only visible in four patients on B-mode ultrasound. A resistance index (RI) was available in 10 cases and was always less than 1. RI was a strong differentiator in separating RVT from RCN (RI > 1 or not measurable due to hypoperfusion as differentiator, p = 0.001). CEUS showed total loss of medullary enhancement in all cases of RVT. With its higher temporal resolution, CEUS allows dynamic assessment of renal macro- and microcirculation and identification of the typical imaging findings of RCN with use of a nonnephrotoxic contrast agent.
The toolish hand illusion: embodiment of a tool based on similarity with the hand
Authors: Cardinali Lucilla , Zanini Alessandro , Yanofsky Russell , Roy Alice C. , de Vignemont Frédérique , Culham Jody C. , Farnè Alessandro
Published: January 2021

A tool can function as a body part yet not feel like one: Putting down a fork after dinner does not feel like losing a hand. However, studies show fake body-parts are embodied and experienced as parts of oneself. Typically, embodiment illusions have only been reported when the fake body-part visually resembles the real one. Here we reveal that participants can experience an illusion that a mechanical grabber, which looks scarcely like a hand, is part of their body. We found changes in three signatures of embodiment: the real hand’s perceived location, the feeling that the grabber belonged to the body, and autonomic responses to visible threats to the grabber. These findings show that artificial objects can become embodied even though they bear little visual resemblance to the hand.
Neurofilament light is a novel biomarker for mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes
Authors: Zheng Yong-Sheng , Sun Chong , Wang Rong , Chen Ne , Luo Su-Shan , Xi Jian-Ying , Lu Jia-Hong , Zhao Chong-Bo , Li Yu-Xin , Zhou Lei , Lin Jie
Published: January 2021

Mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes (MELAS) is a complicated maternally inherited disorder lacking of sensitive and specific biomarkers. The objective of this study was to investigate the serum neurofilament light chain (NfL) as a novel biomarker of neurological dysfunction in MELAS. Patients with different status of MELAS were enrolled in this study. The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) was given to the participants to evaluate cognition status. Multiple functional MRI was performed on the participants. Blood samples were collected and the serum NfL concentrations were determined by the single-molecule array technology (Simoa). This study enrolled 23 patients with MELAS, 15 people in the acute attack phase of MELAS and 10 people in the remission phase, including 2 patients in both acute attack and remission phase. Sixteen healthy controls (HCs) were also enrolled. Serum NfL level increased significantly in patients with MELAS. Serum NfL level in the acute attack group (146.73 [120.91–411.31] pg/ml, median [IQR]) was higher than in the remission group (40.31 [19.54–151.05] pg/ml, median [IQR]) and HCs group (7.70 [6.13–9.78] pg/ml, median [IQR]) (p < 0.05). The level of NfL in the remission phase group was higher than in HCs group (p < 0.05). A negative correlation was found between the serum NfL level and MMSE (p = 0.006, r = -0.650). The NfL concentration correlated positively with stroke-like lesion volume in the brain (r = 0.740, p < 0.001). Serum NfL may serve as a novel biomarker for the neurological dysfunction in MELAS patients.
High expression of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 in colorectal cancer patients
Authors: Liu Chao , Wang Kai , Zhang Min , Hu Xiaoyu , Hu Tian , Liu Yumei , Hu Qinyong , Wu Shikai , Yue Jinbo
Published: January 2021

Little is known of the patterns of expression of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 or the clinical characteristics of COVID-19 in patients with COVID-19 and colorectal cancer. We found in both bulk and single-cell RNA-seq profiles that ACE2 and TMPRSS2 were expressed at high levels on tumor and normal colorectal epithelial tissues. Clinically, patients with colorectal cancer and COVID-19 were more likely to have lymphopenia, higher respiratory rate, and high hypersensitive C-reactive protein levels than matched patients with COVID-19 but without cancer. These results suggest that patients with colorectal cancer may be particularly susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Further mechanistic studies are needed to support our findings.
Gene regulatory networks controlling differentiation, survival, and diversification of hypothalamic Lhx6-expressing GABAergic neurons
Authors: Kim Dong Won , Liu Kai , Wang Zoe Qianyi , Zhang Yi Stephanie , Bathini Abhijith , Brown Matthew P. , Lin Sonia Hao , Washington Parris Whitney , Sun Changyu , Lindtner Susan , Lee Bora , Wang Hong , Shimogori Tomomi , Rubenstein John L. R. , Blackshaw Seth
Published: January 2021

GABAergic neurons of the hypothalamus regulate many innate behaviors, but little is known about the mechanisms that control their development. We previously identified hypothalamic neurons that express the LIM homeodomain transcription factor Lhx6, a master regulator of cortical interneuron development, as sleep-promoting. In contrast to telencephalic interneurons, hypothalamic Lhx6 neurons do not undergo long-distance tangential migration and do not express cortical interneuronal markers such as Pvalb. Here, we show that Lhx6 is necessary for the survival of hypothalamic neurons. Dlx1/2, Nkx2-2, and Nkx2-1 are each required for specification of spatially distinct subsets of hypothalamic Lhx6 neurons, and that Nkx2-2+/Lhx6+ neurons of the zona incerta are responsive to sleep pressure. We further identify multiple neuropeptides that are enriched in spatially segregated subsets of hypothalamic Lhx6 neurons, and that are distinct from those seen in cortical neurons. These findings identify common and divergent molecular mechanisms by which Lhx6 controls the development of GABAergic neurons in the hypothalamus.
An enhanced enzyme-linked aptamer assay for the detection of zearalenone based on gold nanoparticles
Authors: Sun Shumin , Xie Yanli
Published: January 2021

Enhanced enzyme-linked aptamer assay (ELAA) for rapid and sensitive determination of zearalenone (ZEN) was established based on HRP signal amplification by using a AuNP modified aptamer as a probe in a competitive assay.
A facile synthesis of long-wavelength emission nitrogen-doped carbon dots for intracellular pH variation and hypochlorite sensing
Authors: Meng Yating , Zhang Huilin , Li Minglu , Lu Wenjing , Liu Yang , Gong Xiaojuan , Shuang Shaomin , Dong Chuan
Published: January 2021

A principle demonstration of the as-synthesized route of N-CDs and the application for intracellular pH variation and hypochlorite sensing.
Experimental and computer aided solubility quantification of diverse lignins and performance prediction
Authors: Ajao Olumoye , Benali Marzouk , El Mehdi Naïma
Published: January 2021

New insights on the variability of solubility elucidated for diverse lignins, quantification thereby makes it possible to predict performance for solvent fractionation processes and polymers formulation.
Recent advances and future perspectives for automated parameterisation, Bayesian inference and machine learning in voltammetry
Authors: Gundry Luke , Guo Si-Xuan , Kennedy Gareth , Keith Jonathan , Robinson Martin , Gavaghan David , Bond Alan M. , Zhang Jie
Published: January 2021

Advanced data analysis tools such as mathematical optimisation, Bayesian inference and machine learning have the capability to revolutionise the field of quantitative voltammetry.
C–CN bond formation: an overview of diverse strategies
Authors: Pimparkar Sandeep , Koodan Adithyaraj , Maiti Siddhartha , Ahmed Nesreen S. , Mostafa Mohamed Mokhtar M. , Maiti Debabrata
Published: January 2021

Aim for cyanation: a comprehensive overview on various approaches on C–CN bond formation in arenes/heteroarenes by activated halides/pseudohalide, directed, non-directed, electro-catalyzed, photoredox-catalyzed, and radical approaches.
Atomically dispersed Ru in Pt3Sn intermetallic alloy as an efficient methanol oxidation electrocatalyst
Authors: Yang Tianyi , Qin Fengjuan , Zhang Shuping , Rong Hongpan , Chen Wenxing , Zhang Jiatao
Published: January 2021

A Ru–Pt3Sn NC catalyst composed of atomically dispersed Ru atoms shows enhanced performance in methanol electroxidation, which is ascribed to the stable intermetallic structure and active surface structure, as well as the synergy among Pt, Sn and Ru.
Integration of single-molecule detection with endonuclease IV-assisted signal amplification for sensitive DNA methylation assay
Authors: Zhang Yan , Hu Jinping , Zou Xiaoran , Ma Fei , Qiu Jian-Ge , Zhang Chun-yang
Published: January 2021

We develop a new fluorescent biosensor for sensitive DNA methylation assay by integrating single-molecule detection with endo IV-assisted signal amplification.
Gas-phase reactivity of acyclic α,β-unsaturated carbonyls towards ozone
Authors: Illmann Jan Niklas , Patroescu-Klotz Iulia , Wiesen Peter
Published: January 2021

This work evaluates different approaches to discuss the reactivity of α,β-unsaturated carbonyls towards ozone comparative to alkene analogues.
Quantum Theory: The Challenge of Transition Metal Complexes
Authors: Daniel Chantal , González Leticia , Neese Frank
Published: January 2021

Chantal Daniel, Leticia González and Frank Neese introduce the Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics themed collection on Quantum Theory: The Challenge of Transition Metal Complexes.
Molecular understanding of heteronuclear active sites in heme–copper oxidases, nitric oxide reductases, and sulfite reductases through biomimetic modelling
Authors: Reed Christopher J. , Lam Quan N. , Mirts Evan N. , Lu Yi
Published: January 2021

Review surveying biomimetic modeling and molecular understanding of heteronuclear metalloenzyme active sites involved in dioxygen, nitric oxide, and sulfite reduction.
Catalytic antioxidant nanocomposites based on sequential adsorption of redox active metal complexes and polyelectrolytes on nanoclay particles
Authors: Somosi Zoltán , May Nóra V. , Sebők Dániel , Pálinkó István , Szilágyi István
Published: January 2021

A superoxide dismutase mimicking nanocomposite of remarkable functional and colloidal stability was developed by sequential adsorption of polyelectrolytes and metal complexes on nanoclay particles.
Recent progress in the catalytic transformation of carbon dioxide into biosourced organic carbonates
Authors: Aomchad Vatcharaporn , Cristòfol Àlex , Della Monica Francesco , Limburg Bart , D'Elia Valerio , Kleij Arjan W.
Published: January 2021

The recent advances made in the catalytic preparation of biobased cyclic carbonates derived from sugars, glycerol, fatty acids/vegetable oils and terpenes are presented, together with a discussion surrounding their potential applications.
Deep eutectic solvent-based extraction of uranium(vi) from a wide range acidity and subsequent determination by direct loading in thermal ionization mass spectrometry
Authors: Shah Raju V. , Pandey Ashok K. , Sasi Bhushan K. , Jagadish Kumar S. , Rao Radhika M. , Jaison P. G.
Published: January 2021

Deep eutectic solvent impregnated membrane capable of the extracting U(vi) from wide acidity range was prepared and employed for the determination of uranium by thermal ionization mass spectrometry.
On the synthesis of bi-magnetic manganese ferrite-based core–shell nanoparticles
Authors: Sanna Angotzi Marco , Mameli Valentina , Cara Claudio , Peddis Davide , Xin Huolin L. , Sangregorio Claudio , Mercuri Maria Laura , Cannas Carla
Published: January 2021

Dissolution phenomena in seed-mediated growth approaches of MnFe2O4-based bi-magnetic core–shell nanoheterostructures with a cobalt ferrite or spinel iron oxide shell.
NBS-assisted palladium-catalyzed bromination/cross-coupling reaction of 2-alkynyl arylazides with KSCN: an efficient method to synthesize 3-thiocyanindoles
Authors: Hu Guiwen , Li Ping , Zhou Zhiqiang , Yang Fan , Xu Shijie , Fan Hui , Zhao Xuechun , Zhang Xiaoxiang
Published: January 2021

An efficient NBS-assisted palladium-catalyzed bromination/cross-coupling synthesis of 3-thiocyanindoles from 2-alkynyl arylazides with KSCN has been described.
The use of a single-crystal nickel-rich layered NCM cathode for excellent cycle performance of lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Guo Qiankun , Huang Jili , Liang Zhao , Potapenko Hanna , Zhou Miaomiao , Tang Xiaodong , Zhong Shengwen
Published: January 2021

With the continuous development and progress of new energy electric vehicles, high-capacity nickel-rich layered oxides are widely used in lithium-ion battery cathode materials, and their cycle performance and safety performance have also attracted more and more attention.
C–F bond activation of perfluorinated arenes using NHC-stabilized cobalt half-sandwich complexes
Authors: Ertler Daniel , Kuntze-Fechner Maximilian W. , Dürr Simon , Lubitz Katharina , Radius Udo
Published: January 2021

A study on the reactivity of cobalt half-sandwich complexes [Cp(*)Co(NHC)(olefin)] with perfluoroarenes demonstrates that C–F activation occurs along a one-electron oxidative addition pathway.
Synthesis of emerging 2D layered magnetic materials
Authors: Och Mauro , Martin Marie-Blandine , Dlubak Bruno , Seneor Pierre , Mattevi Cecilia
Published: January 2021

van der Waals atomically thin magnetic materials have been recently discovered.
Nanomedicine-based cancer immunotherapies developed by reprogramming tumor-associated macrophages
Authors: Li Xiaoying , Guo Xiaoming , Ling Jiabao , Tang Zheng , Huang Guanning , He Lizhen , Chen Tianfeng
Published: January 2021

Tumor microenvironment is a complex ecosystem composed of tumor extracellular matrix, fibroblasts, blood vessels, and immune cells, promoting tumor development by secreting various growth factors, hydrolase, and inflammatory factors.
Label-free separation of nanoscale particles by an ultrahigh gradient magnetic field in a microfluidic device
Authors: Zeng Lin , Chen Xi , Du Jing , Yu Zitong , Zhang Rongrong , Zhang Yi , Yang Hui
Published: January 2021

High-resolution separating of 1 μm and 200 nm particles was achieved in a microfluidic system based on negative magnetophoresis ultilizing ultra-high gradient magnetic field greater than 100 000 T m−1 and a ferrofluid with ultra-low concentration (0.01%).
Fabrication of plasmonic arrays of nanodisks and nanotriangles by nanotip indentation lithography and their optical properties
Authors: Kim Jongwoo , Lee Jeong Seop , Kim Ji-woong , De Wolf Peter , Moon Seunghyun , Kim Dong Hwan , Song Joo-Hyun , Kim Jungwoo , Kim Taewan , Nam Sang Hwan , Suh Yung Doug , Kim Kyoung-Ho , Kim Hyunwoo , Shin ChaeHo
Published: January 2021

NTIL is a fabrication method for plasmonic nanostructures by deposition of materials through the hole formed by the nanoindentation of coated polymer layers. The plasmonic response can be tailored by patterned nanostructures with tunable size and shape.
WxNb(1−x)Se2 nanosheets for ultrafast photonics
Authors: Li Lu , Pang Lihui , Wang Yao , Liu Wenjun
Published: January 2021

The usage of WxNb(1−x)Se2 nanosheets as a rising ultrafast photonic device to generate high power mode-locked and Q-switched pulses in a fiber laser is demonstrated.
Dual-functional optoelectronic memories based on ternary hybrid floating gate layers
Authors: Li Qingyan , Li Tengteng , Zhang Yating , Zhao Hongliang , Li Jie , Yao Jianquan
Published: January 2021

The dual-functional storage operations of electric programming holes/light erasing and light programming electrons/electric erasing can be realized in the optoelectronic memories with ternary hybrid floating gate layers.
Ln-MOFs with window-shaped channels based on triazine tricarboxylic acid as a linker for the highly efficient capture of cationic dyes and iodine
Authors: Zhao Yue , Zhang Na , Wang Ying , Bai Feng Ying , Xing Yong Heng , Sun Li Xian
Published: January 2021

Seven isostructural complexes were synthesized under solvothermal condition by the 4,4′,4′′ ((1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triyl)tri(azanediyl))tribenzoic acid and rare earth metal ions. It is found that 1 exhibits the adsorption capacity of 758.72 mg g−1 to iodine.
Yttrium and lanthanum bis(phosphine-oxide)methanides: structurally diverse, dynamic, and reactive
Authors: Casey Kerry C. , Brown Alexander M. , Robinson Jerome R.
Published: January 2021

Homoleptic yttrium and lanthanum complexes of bis(phosphineoxide) methanides, RE(HPhL)3 and RE2(HMeL)6, promote the first rare-earth mediated Horner-Wittig and acid-base chemistry consistent with multifunctional reactivity (Lewis-acid/Brønstedbase).
Switching metal complexesviaintramolecular electron transfer: connections with solvatochromism
Authors: Nadurata Vincent L. , Boskovic Colette
Published: January 2021

Solvent-induced color-changing phenomena exhibited by some metal complexes can illuminate key aspects of their switchable behavior.
Convenient synthesis of polymetallic metal–organic gels for efficient methanol electro-oxidation
Authors: Wang Yan-Jiang , Wei Jun-Hua , Li Shuang , Luo Jia-Yang , Chang Xi-Wen , Sun Ya-Ya , Pi Qiu , Wu Ya-Pan , Li Dong-Sheng
Published: January 2021

Novel Ni-based AlNiCu-MOG and AB&AlNiCu-MOG composite materials were successfully fabricated, which exhibited superior MOR activities with a current density of 17.1 and 33.24 mA cm−2, respectively.
Tailored structuring of functionalized silsesquioxanes in a one-step approach
Authors: Winkler Robert , Pellet-Rostaing Stéphane , Arrachart Guilhem
Published: January 2021

The silica hybrid materials prepared from tailor-made precursors with different headgroups in several experimental conditions (acid or base catalysis in water or THF) were studied in order to identify the structure directing mechanisms.
Catalyzed ring transformation of cyclic N-aryl-azadiperoxides with participation of α,ω-dithiols
Authors: Makhmudiyarova Nataliya N. , Shangaraev Kamil R. , Ishmukhametova Irina R. , Ibragimov Askhat G. , Dzhemilev Usein M.
Published: January 2021

Co(OAc)2-catalyzed ring transformation reaction of 10-aryl-7,8,12,13-tetraoxa-10-azaspiro[5.7]tridecanes with α,ω-dithiols giving 3-aryl-1,5,3-dithiazacyclanes was studied.
Decontamination of dense nonaqueous-phase liquids in groundwater using pump-and-treat andin situchemical oxidation processes: a field test
Authors: Xie Tian , Dang Zhi , Zhang Jian , Zhang Qian , Zhang Rong-Hai , Liao Chang-Jun , Lu Gui-Ning
Published: January 2021

The combination of pump-and-treat andin situchemical oxidation processes can effectively accelerate the remediation of DNAPL pollutant in groundwater.
Improving the performance of quantum-dot light-emitting diodes via an organic–inorganic hybrid hole injection layer
Authors: Shin Jae Seung , Kim Tae Yeon , Heo Su Been , Hong Jong-Am , Park Yongsup , Kang Seong Jun
Published: January 2021

The performance of the quantum-dot light-emitting diodes was improved by using an organic–inorganic hybrid hole injection layer.
Insights into the synergistic effect of active centers over ZnMg/SBA-15 catalysts in direct synthesis of butadiene from ethanol
Authors: Wang Kangzhou , Peng Xiaobo , Gao Xinhua , Araki Yuya , Zhao Heng , Liang Jiaming , Xiao Liwei , Chen Jienan , Liu Guangbo , Wu Jinhu , Yang Guohui , Tsubaki Noritatsu
Published: January 2021

Functionalized catalysts with multiple active centers have been studied for direct conversion of ethanol to butadiene (ETB).
In situ formation of a biomimetic lipid membrane triggered by an aggregation-enhanced photoligation chemistry
Authors: Zhou Yaowu , Yang Huiting , Wang Chenxi , Xue Yuan , Wang Xuebin , Bao Chunyan , Zhu Linyong
Published: January 2021

A photoligation chemistry was used to drive the formation of biomimetic membranes in situ. The preassembly of precursors promotes the synthesis of lipid, which is an important feature as a candidate for simulating natural membrane functions.
Chemoproteomic profiling of kinases in live cells using electrophilic sulfonyl triazole probes
Authors: Huang Tao , Hosseinibarkooie Seyyedmohsen , Borne Adam L. , Granade Mitchell E. , Brulet Jeffrey W. , Harris Thurl E. , Ferris Heather A. , Hsu Ku-Lung
Published: January 2021

Sulfonyl-triazole probes modified with a kinase recognition element are developed for live cell activity-based profiling to identify tyrosine sites located in catalytic and regulatory domains that are important for kinase function.
In situ formation of polymer electrolytes using a dicationic imidazolium cross-linker for high-performance lithium ion batteries
Authors: Tseng Yu-Chao , Hsiang Shih-Hsien , Tsao Chih-Hao , Teng Hsisheng , Hou Sheng-Shu , Jan Jeng-Shiung
Published: January 2021

A dicationic imidazolium cross-linker is designed and further adopted as an electrolyte for lithium ion batteries.
Bifunctional Pt–Co3O4 electrocatalysts for simultaneous generation of hydrogen and formate via energy-saving alkaline seawater/methanol co-electrolysis
Authors: Xiang Kun , Song Zhongxin , Wu Dan , Deng Xiaohui , Wang Xuewan , You Wen , Peng Zhikun , Wang Lei , Luo Jing-Li , Fu Xian-Zhu
Published: January 2021

Hydrogen and valuable formate are simultaneously produced at low cell voltage from seawater splitting with the assistance of methanol selective oxidation to suppress the undesired oxygen/chlorine evolution over Pt-Co3O4 bifunctional electrocatalysts.
Flexible, multifunctional, and thermally conductive nylon/graphene nanoplatelet composite papers with excellent EMI shielding performance, improved hydrophobicity and flame resistance
Authors: Wang Wen-yan , Ma Xiao , Shao Yao-wen , Qi Xiao-dong , Yang Jing-hui , Wang Yong
Published: January 2021

Nylon composite papers, prepared by a feasible and scaled method, exhibit excellent thermal conductivity, satisfactory EMI shielding performance, hydrophobicity and flame resistance, and have many potential applications in electronic devices.
Rational design of porous Sn nanospheres/N-doped carbon nanofibers as an ultra-stable potassium-ion battery anode material
Authors: Li Chao , Bi An Tong , Chen Hong Li , Pei Ya Ru , Zhao Ming , Yang Chun Cheng , Jiang Qing
Published: January 2021

A hybrid of porous Sn nanospheres encapsulated in N-doped carbon nanofiber frameworks (Sn/N-CNFs) was constructed, and the as-fabricated Sn/N-CNFs exhibited a super-long cycle life, outperforming other Sn-based materials.
Flexible wearable humidity sensor based on cerium oxide/graphitic carbon nitride nanocomposite self-powered by motion-driven alternator and its application for human physiological detection
Authors: Gong Likun , Wang Xingwei , Zhang Dongzhi , Ma Xiaodong , Yu Sujing
Published: January 2021

This paper presents a flexible wearable humidity sensor based on a cerium oxide/graphitic carbon nitride (CeO2/g-C3N4) nanocomposite, which is self-powered by a motion-driven alternator.
Efficient small molecule organic light-emitting diodes fabricated by brush-coating
Authors: Zhang Xinwen , An Jingxi , Xu Yanan , Wang Yuzhu , Lu Yanan , Qin Yue , Lai Wen-Yong , Chen Yuehua , Huang Wei
Published: January 2021

White and RGB phosphorescent OLEDs were constructed by continuously brush-coating the hole-injection layer and small molecule light-emitting layer.
Metal-induced progressive alteration of conducting states in memristors for implementing an efficient analog memory: a DFT-supported experimental approach
Authors: Das D. , Barman A. , Sarkar P. K. , Rajput P. , Jha S. N. , Hübner R. , Kanjilal D. , Johari P. , Kanjilal A.
Published: January 2021

Advancement of the memristor-based artificial synapse (AS) is urgently needed for rapid progress in neuromorphic devices.
Kinetics of the hydrogen defect in congruent LiMO3
Authors: Köhler Thomas , Mehner Erik , Hanzig Juliane , Gärtner Günter , Funke Claudia , Joseph Yvonne , Leisegang Tilmann , Stöcker Hartmut , Meyer Dirk C.
Published: January 2021

We report on the diffusion behaviour of hydrogen through the 3D vacancy network of the LiMO3structure.
Facile synthesis of carbon nanofiber confined FeS2/Fe2O3 heterostructures as superior anode materials for sodium-ion batteries
Authors: Zhang Shuaiguo , Yin Guoyou , Zhao Haipeng , Mi Jie , Sun Jie , Dang Liyun
Published: January 2021

Sodium-ion batteries are recognized as an alternative energy storage device for lithium-ion batteries.
Three new polymorphs of 1,8-diacetylpyrene: a material with packing-dependent luminescence properties and a testbed for crystal structure prediction
Authors: Tchoń Daniel , Bowskill David , Sugden Isaac , Piotrowski Piotr , Makal Anna
Published: January 2021

New polymorphs of 1,8-diacetylpyrene (2′′AP) exhibit distinct packing-dependent and pressure-dependent luminescence in the solid state and illustrate the usefulness of crystal structure prediction methods.
Long-distance transfer of plasmonic hot electrons across the Au–Pt porous interface for the hydrogen evolution reaction
Authors: Xia Chang , Gao Peng Fei , He Wei , Wang Ye , Li Chun Hong , Zou Hong Yan , Li Yuan Fang , Huang Cheng Zhi
Published: January 2021

The hot electrons transfer from Au nanosphere to Pt interfaces is directly imaged by plasmon resonance light scattering microscopy. Remarkably, the hot electrons could persistently transfer across porous Au-Pt interfaces longer than 20 nm.
Copper(i) oxide nanoparticle-mediated C–C couplings for synthesis of polyphenylenediethynylenes: evidence for a homogeneous catalytic pathway
Authors: Pary Fathima F. , Addanki Tirumala Ravi Teja , Andiappan Marimuthu , Nelson Toby L.
Published: January 2021

Polyphenylenediethynylenes have been synthesized using copper(i) oxide nanocatalysts under ligandless conditions, mild base, and atmospheric air as the oxidant in good yield and number average molecular weight.
Retraction: Elevation of USP4 antagonizes oxygen glucose deprivation/reoxygenation-evoked microglia activation and neuroinflammation-mediated neurotoxicity via the TRAF6-NF-κB signaling
Authors: Fisher Laura
Published: January 2021

Retraction of ‘Elevation of USP4 antagonizes oxygen glucose deprivation/reoxygenation-evoked microglia activation and neuroinflammation-mediated neurotoxicity via the TRAF6-NF-κB signaling’ by Zhaoxia Wang, RSC Adv., 2019, 9, 23916–23924, DOI: 10.1039/C9RA03614H.
Retraction: MiR-206 reduced the malignancy of hepatocellular carcinoma cells in vitro by inhibiting MET and CTNNB1 gene expressions
Authors: Fisher Laura
Published: January 2021

Retraction of ‘MiR-206 reduced the malignancy of hepatocellular carcinoma cells in vitro by inhibiting MET and CTNNB1 gene expressions’ by Qiang He et al., RSC Adv., 2019, 9, 1717–1725, DOI: 10.1039/C8RA09229J
Retraction: SNHG3 promotes proliferation and invasion by regulating the miR-101/ZEB1 axis in breast cancer
Authors: Fisher Laura
Published: January 2021

Retraction of ‘SNHG3 promotes proliferation and invasion by regulating the miR-101/ZEB1 axis in breast cancer’ by Liang Chang et al., RSC Adv., 2018, 8, 15229–15240, DOI: 10.1039/C8RA02090F.
Retraction: Down-regulation of Rab10 inhibits hypoxia-induced invasion and EMT in thyroid cancer cells by targeting HIF-1α through the PI3K/Akt pathway
Authors: Fisher Laura
Published: January 2021

Retraction of ‘Down-regulation of Rab10 inhibits hypoxia-induced invasion and EMT in thyroid cancer cells by targeting HIF-1α through the PI3K/Akt pathway’ by Zhenyu Zhou et al., RSC Adv., 2018, 8, 31682–31689, DOI: 10.1039/C8RA05855E
Effect of an iOS App on Voice Therapy Adherence and Motivation
Authors: van Leer Eva , Lewis Brittney , Porcaro Nick
Published: January 2021

Purpose

Patients commonly report difficulties adhering to voice therapy. An iOS app was developed in our lab that assists practice via reminder notifications, instructional recordings, and cepstral peak prominence analysis results. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of such homework support modality on adherence behavior and associated motivation in a comparison of app support and written homework instructions and to assess the usability and utility of the app.

Method

Thirty-four individuals exhibiting adducted hyperfunction were randomized to receive either written homework instructions or the app when practicing resonant voice exercises for 3 weeks. All patients digitally audio-recorded all home practice, provided self-reported estimates of generalization, and completed weekly motivation scales.

Results

App support significantly increased practice frequency but did not affect self-reported generalization or motivation. Practice was significantly predicted by System Usability Scale scores. Utility of reminders and instructions were good, but cepstral peak prominence feedback was considered useful to only a subset of participants.

Conclusion

Interactive mobile therapy support can significantly increase practice of resonant voice homework without influencing motivation.
Restore DeepFakes video frames via identifying individual motion styles
Authors: Zhang Haichao , Lu Zhe‐Ming , Luo Hao , Feng Ya‐Pei
Published: January 2021

Recent advance on highly realistic AI‐synthesised video approaches makes it hard to distinguish whether a speaker in video is real. Many existing DeepFakes detection approaches can be invalidated by using them as supervision in adversarial training, which in turn improves the performance of DeepFakes. This makes the problem a dilemma. However, human can recognise the identity of familiar persons by observing their motion styles. Inspired by this, the paper proposes a novel method to recognise original speaker's identity clues in DeepFakes videos by learning individual motion styles. As a biological signature, motion styles can neither be used in the training process of DeepFakes nor be modified to deceive detection methods without reducing realistic performance. Also, this paper proposes a novel pipeline to continuously restore the original frames from DeepFakes videos without knowing the DeepFakes approach in advance. Based on above ideas, our scheme makes it possible to restore DeepFakes videos. Through training the cross‐modal transfer module, the appearance embedding can be inferred from the identity code. Extensive experiments are conducted to reveal the effectiveness of the method, it shows for the first time that the original persons can be identified automatically and the original video from DeepFakes videos can be generated.
Bias stress instability in multilayered MoTe2 field effect transistors under DC and pulse‐mode operation
Authors: Seo Seung Gi , Jeong Jinheon , Kim Seung Yeob , Kim S. , Kim Kwangtaek , Kim Kyuwon , Jin Sung Hun
Published: January 2021

Here, bias stress instability on multilayered MoTe2 field effect transistors (m‐MoTe2 FETs) with encapsulation of hydrophobic polymers (cyclic transparent optical polymer) is systematically investigated under DC and pulse mode operation. During DC mode stress, the threshold voltage shift (ΔVth) under positive bias stress is at least three times larger than that of negative stress due to high hole barrier (∼0.57 eV), compared with electron barrier (∼0.18 eV). However, ΔVth in positive pulse mode stress is significantly reduced with decrease of a duty cycle, as compared with that of negative stress. With isolation from external gas ambient effects such as H2O and O2, shallow electron traps in multilayered MoTe2 field effect transistors are identified as one of strong candidates to cause bias polarity dependency on ΔVth in pulse mode. Moreover, recovery time for traps, involved during positive bias stress, is six times faster than that of negative stress, substantiating that shallow electron traps and their fast detrapping are one of key origins. In practice, optimisation of pulse mode operation via bipolar switching can be potentially utilised for minimisation of device instability during the operation of multilayered MoTe2 field effect transistors devices and their circuits.
Highly compact quad‐band bandpass filter with flexibly controllable passbands
Authors: Zhang Fan , Gao Yang , Wang Yi , Zhang Yi , Dong Yuliang , Xu Jun
Published: January 2021

This letter reports a highly compact microstrip quad‐band bandpass filter based on two folded λ/4 stepped impedance resonators and three folded dual‐mode short stub‐loaded resonators. The two stepped impedance resonators not only form the first passband but also serve as the feed structure and provide the source‐load coupling path for the three higher passbands created by the short stub‐loaded resonators. Thus, a compact size can be obtained, and three pairs of transmission zeros can be realised near the three higher passbands to improve the frequency selectivity. It has been shown that the centre frequencies and bandwidths of the four passbands can be controlled independently. A microstrip quad‐band bandpass filter centred at 1.1/2.05/3/3.55 GHz is implemented and tested achieving an extremely small size of 0.07λg × 0.14λg, where λg is the guided wavelength at 1.1 GHz. This presents one of the smallest quad‐band bandpass filter ever demonstrated in the literature.
Low‐profile circularly polarized metasurface antenna with tailored reflection phase
Authors: Zhao Yi , Yao Xu , Wang Chun‐yu
Published: January 2021

A low‐profile metasurface antenna with circularly polarized radiation and tailored anisotropic reflection is proposed in this letter. The metasurface antenna composed of excitation structure (microstrip line with coupling slot) and a metasurface layer. The metasurface functions for two goals, generating circularly polarized wave for radiation and tailoring reflection phase for scattering, respectively. The overall structure of the metasurface antenna is compact with a dimension of 0.67λ × 0.67λ × 0.05λ at 5 GHz. Numerical and measured results confirm that the metasurface antenna exhibits 11.1% −10 dB S11 bandwidth from 4.68 to 5.23 GHz, 10.8% 3 dB axial ratio bandwidth from 4.782 to 5.37 GHz and a maximum gain of 6.83 dBic. Besides, the metasurface antenna achieves anti‐phase reflection under orthogonal polarized incident waves at around 5 GHz. To demonstrate a potential application, 16 identical metasurface antennas are put in a 4 × 4 array. The metasurface antenna array achieves directive circularly polarized radiation with a maximum gain of 15 dBic. On the other hand, when under normal illumination, the scattering field of metasurface antenna array is redistributed due to phase cancelation, so that the backward radar cross section of the array is significantly reduced, which is applicable for military platform.
G‐MGF based performance analysis of coherent FSO systems with multiple receivers
Authors: Jeong Seongah , Kang Jinkyu , Lee Hoojin
Published: January 2021

This letter investigates the performance of coherent free‐space optical systems with multiple receivers especially through the generalised moment‐generating function based approach. Specifically, we first derive a closed‐form expression of the generalised moment‐generating function of the signal‐to‐noise ratio for the coherent free‐space optical systems. The derived generalised moment‐generating function formula is further utilised to effectively analyse the several performance metrics such as amount of fading and ergodic capacity. The accuracy of our theoretical analyses are corroborated via some numerical results.
AC amplifiers with ultra‐low corner frequency by using bootstrapping
Authors: Martincorena‐Arraiza Maite , Carlosena Alfonso , de la Cruz‐Blas Carlos A. , Lopez‐Martin Antonio J.
Published: January 2021

A novel architecture for an AC (i.e. high‐pass) amplifier is proposed allowing a drastic reduction of the cutoff frequency to the sub‐Hertz range. It builds upon the classic AC configuration with a high gain amplifier and a parallel RC circuit in the feedback loop, by increasing the feedback resistance through bootstrapping. Resistance multiplying factors higher than four orders of magnitude are easily achievable. The basic principle can be applied to several practical implementations, though in this letter it is demonstrate with measurement results of an op‐amp based discrete implementation.
AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistor oscillator for high temperature and high frequency
Authors: Palacios Paula , Wei Muh‐Dey , Zweipfennig Thorsten , Hamed Ahmed , Beckmann Carsten , Kalisch Holger , Vescan Andrei , Negra Renato
Published: January 2021

A high‐temperature 2.1 GHz oscillator based on a AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) is successfully designed, implemented, and characterised for the first time. The system is explicitly designed such that the final circuit consists of a single transistor bonded to a printed circuit board (PCB), and no further passive components besides the transmission lines to attach the connectors are used. Extensive characterisation of the high electron mobility transistor has been carried out up to 300C in order to extract large‐ and small‐signal models. Since the system does not rely on passive tolerances and a specific model of the used transistor has been extracted, a sustainable oscillation of the design at high temperature is assured. The capabilities of the designed circuit are verified by measurements up to 230C, showing a promising performance with around 0 dBm output power and a phase noise of −74 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset at the highest characterised temperature.
Stable ant‐antlion optimiser for feature selection on high‐dimensional data
Authors: Li Mengmeng , Qin Wei , Zhang Jinhui , Wang Jichuan , Zheng Qibin , Liu Yi
Published: January 2021

High‐dimensional data exists widely in the real world, such as gene, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), text, web data and so on. Feature selection is an effective and powerful method that is often adopted to reduce dimensions of high‐dimensional data for promoting learning algorithm's ability to obtain useful information from them. However, feature selection stability lacks attention for a long time, which plays an important role in getting compelling results. This study proposes a stable feature selection approach called stable ant‐antlion optimiser (SALO) that is a modified hybrid evolutionary method combining ant colony optimisation and antlion optimiser. Several relative stable filter methods are employed to rank features as guide information, fisher discriminant rate is used to evaluate features as heuristic information, and F1 indicator and the similarity between feature subset and stable ranked feature list are taken as optimisation objects. Comprehensive experiments show the fantasy stability and excellent classification performance of our proposed sophisticated method.
CMOS image sensor for wide dynamic range feature extraction in machine vision
Authors: Kim Hyeon‐June
Published: January 2021

This letter presents a wide dynamic range (WDR) feature extraction (FE) readout scheme for machine vision applications using CMOS image sensors (CISs). The proposed scheme with the proposed pixel structure has two operating modes, the normal and WDR modes. In the normal operating mode, the proposed CIS captures a normal image with high sensitivity. In addition, as a unique function, a bi‐level image is obtained for real‐time FE even if a pixel is saturated in strong illumination conditions. Thus, compared to typical CISs for machine vison, the proposed CIS can reveal object features that are blocked by light in real time. In the WDR operating mode, the proposed CIS produces a WDR image with its corresponding bi‐level image. A prototype CIS was fabricated using a standard 0.35‐μm 2P4M CMOS process with a 320 × 240 format (QVGA) with 10‐μm pitch pixels. At 60 fps, the measured power consumption was 5.98 mW at 3.3 V for pixel readout and 2.8 V for readout circuitry. The dynamic range of 73.1 dB was achieved in the WDR operating mode.
Design of cooperative matched filter for detection of chemical agents
Authors: Yu Hyeong‐Geun , Lee Chang Sik , Park Dong‐Jo , Chang Dong Eui , Nam Hyunwoo
Published: January 2021

A matched filter (MF) is one of the most widely used detectors for the detection of chemical agent (CA) clouds in the passive hyperspectral imaging system. To improve the detection performance of the MF, a linear cooperation scheme that allocates cooperation coefficients to the spectra of the neighbouring pixels is proposed. The optimal cooperation coefficients, which removes noise signatures whilst minimising the distortion of CA signatures, are acquired by finding the maximum likelihood estimator of the cooperation coefficients. It is proved that a moving average scheme that assigns the same coefficients is the optimal cooperation scheme. Finally, a cooperative MF with the optimal cooperation scheme is designed. It is demonstrated that the proposed cooperative MF is capable of robust detection performance via outdoor experiments with actual CA data measured by a Bruker HI‐90 instrument.
A 190.3‐dBc/Hz FoM 16‐GHz rotary travelling‐wave oscillator with reliable direction control
Authors: Sun Fangzhou , Zhou Yushi , Bai Zhanjun , Chen Yong
Published: January 2021

This letter presents a rotary travelling‐wave oscillator (RTWO) with reliable direction control in a standard 130 nm complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) technology. To achieve low phase noise (PN), and low power consumption, 16‐stages customised transmission line segments are designed and simulated on electromagnetic tools. The PN is investigated through modelling the RTWO as multiple standing‐wave oscillators. The proposed oscillator achieves 11.2% tuning range, 190.3 dBc/Hz figure‐of‐merit (FoM) at 1 MHz offset and 192.3 dBc/Hz FoM at 10 MHz offset with 5.8‐mW power consumption from 16‐GHz carrier.