bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A comparative evaluation of internal and marginal fits of custom post and core fabricated using conventional and two digital techniques: An in vitro study
Authors: Sheth Vidhi Himanshu , Gharat Nikita , Bhatnagar Vishrut Mohan , Gill Shruti , Shah Naisargi P.
Published: August 2024

Aim:

The purpose of this in vitro study was to comparatively evaluate the marginal and internal fits of cobalt–chromium metal custom post and core fabricated using a conventional technique with two digital techniques.

Settings and Design:

The study was designed in an in-vitro study setting.

Materials and Methods:

Five sets of custom post and core restorations were fabricated using the conventional (Group 1) and two semi digital methods (digital scanning of the resin pattern and computer aided additive manufacturing, and digital scanning of the silicone impression and subsequent computer aided designing [CAD] computer aided manufacturing fabrication) (Group 2 and 3). Marginal and internal fits of the posts were evaluated using a micro computed tomography scan at various points.

Statistical Analysis Used:

A one way ANOVA test of the scores was made to evaluate the effect of different methods of custom post and core fabrication on marginal and internal fits. Bonferroni adjusted post hoc tests were conducted for intergroup comparison.

Results:

Least marginal gap was reported in Group 3 (82.5 ± 14.36 μm) followed by Group 1 (110 ± 25.19 μm) and Group 2 (112.5 ± 26.75 μm). Least internal gap at cervical, middle and apical as well as overall values were observed in Group 3 (78 ± 9.25 μm, 72 ± 7.79 μm, 160 ± 15.81 μm, 103.3 ± 4.43 μm) followed by Group 1 (113.5 ± 25.35 μm, 132.5 ± 19.92 μm, 502 ± 74.63 μm, 249.3 ± 25.44 μm) and Group 2 (114.5 ± 21.68 μm, 133.5 ± 19.57 μm, 598 ± 87.86 μm, 282 ± 28.91 μm) respectively. The results of one-way ANOVA and Bonferroni adjusted post hoc tests for marginal gap did not show any statistically significant difference between the three groups (P > 0.05) but revealed statistically significant difference (P = 0.02) in internal gap values at the cervical, middle, and apical regions as well as overall internal gap region between the three groups.

Conclusions:

Better marginal and internal fits were observed in custom post and core fabricated by digital scanning of the silicone impression and subsequent CAD as compared to those fabricated by the other two groups.
A comparative analysis of mechanical and optical behavioral patterns of translucent zirconia ceramics
Authors: Sudharson Nishanth A. , Gandhi Nitasha , Talwar Harit , Kurian Nirmal , Joseph Meril
Published: August 2024

Aim:

This research aimed to assess and compare the translucency and mechanical properties of partially stabilized zirconia in contrast to lithium disilicate, particularly within the context of translucent zirconia.

Settings and Design:

The experimental design entails examining fifty samples, with ten drawn from each of the five distinct categories of ceramic materials, as part of this in vitro study. Translucency is measured using the Konica Minolta CM-3600D spectrophotometer, assessing Delta E through Lab values against white and black backgrounds. Flexural strength is analyzed via a 3-point bend test on a universal testing machine, with a controlled crosshead speed set at 1 mm/min

Materials and Methods:

The study included the five categories of ceramic materials, each consisting of ten samples: High-strength zirconia (Katana HT), translucent zirconia (e.max Zircad MT and Cercon ht ML), and lithium disilicate (Press MT and LT). The Konica Minolta CM-3600D spectrophotometer is utilized to measure the translucency parameter. This involves determining the color difference (Delta E) by comparing the L*a*b values against both white and black backgrounds. The flexural strength (FS) of zirconia and lithium disilicate materials was analyzed through a 3-point bend test, aiming to compare their respective strengths. The testing procedure was carried out on a universal testing machine with a controlled crosshead speed set at 1 mm/min. The FS was calculated using the formula σ = FL/πR3 for circular disks, where σ represents the FS, F is the fracture load, L is the span length in millimeters, and R is the radius of the disk.

Statistical Analysis Used:

The Student's t-test was employed for statistical analysis.

Results:

The mean translucency parameter for e.max Press MT (6.33 ± 1.05) was significantly greater than all the specimens investigated. The Cercon ht ML exhibited a slightly higher translucency (2.18 ± 0.52) compared to e.max Zircad MT (1.49 ± 0.69), with a statistically significant difference (P = 0.022). Conversely, the FS of e.max Zircad MT (26.97 ± 2.06) was significantly greater (P < 0.001) than that of Cercon ht ML (23.25 ± 2.36). Notably, the Katana HT material demonstrated the highest load strength (32.92 ± 3.10), a statistically significant difference compared to its counterparts (P < 0.001).

Conclusions:

Among the materials tested, lithium disilicate ceramics exhibited the highest translucency, with its MT variant demonstrating the lowest strength. Katana HT displayed significantly greater biaxial FS compared to translucent zirconia, surpassing even lithium disilicate. Translucent zirconia proved to be notably more translucent than high-strength zirconia. Within the category of translucent zirconia, e.max Zircad MT exhibited substantially higher FS than Cercon.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of accuracy between protrusive interocclusal record and horizontal condylar guidance angle recording methods in dentulous patients
Authors: Potdukhe Shruti S. , Iyer Janani M. , Nadgere Jyoti B.
Published: August 2024

Aim:

This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the accuracy of different methods used for measuring horizontal condylar guidance (HCG) angle in comparison with protrusive interocclusal record (IOR) for dentulous patients.

Settings and Design:

The design involves systematic review and meta-analysis following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis guidelines.

Materials and Methods:

An electronic search was carried out by two reviewers in the Google Scholar search engine and the EBSCO host, Cochrane Library, and PubMed/MEDLINE databases for quasi-experimental studies,in vivostudies, and cross-sectional studies published from January 2005 to February 2023 determining the HCG angle in dentulous patients.

Statistical Analysis Used:

Meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the quantitative data.

Results:

A total of 577 articles were identified, 29 analytical cross-sectional studies that fulfilled the eligibility criteria were included for qualitative synthesis and 26 studies were included for meta-analysis. A statistically significant difference was observed for the right and left HCG angles obtained by the panoramic radiograph method and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) method and for the right side HCG angle obtained by cephalogram method showing higher values than the protrusive IOR method. No statistically significant difference was observed for the left side HCG angle obtained by the cephalogram method and both the right and left side HCG angles obtained by the intraoral tracer method.

Conclusions:

The panoramic radiograph, cephalogram, and CBCT obtained higher HCG angles in dentulous patients than the protrusive IOR method.
Effect of calcium and Vitamin D supplementation on residual ridge resorption in edentulous patients: An open-label randomized study
Authors: Singh Saumyendra Vikram , Aggarwal Himanshi , Khandpur Mani , Trivedi Shilpa , Pathak Anupama , Arya Deeksha
Published: August 2024

Aim:

Complete dentures (CDs) are fabricated to rehabilitate the edentulous. Severe residual ridge resorption (RRR) compromises CD functionality, adversely affecting function, appearance, systemic health, and quality of life.

Settings and Design:

The purpose of this study was to assess the benefit, if any, of calcium and Vitamin D supplementation on the rate of RRR. Retarding RRR would improve treatment prognosis and make CD fabrication less demanding.

Materials and Methods:

This longitudinal, parallel, open-label randomized study was conducted in the Department of Prosthodontics of the institute. One hundred and fifty edentulous subjects underwent bone mineral density (BMD) assessment followed by CD fabrication to measure RR height and width with computerized tomographic (CT) scans. Subjects were randomized to oral supplementation group – S, given combined Vitamin D and calcium daily, and nonsupplementation group – NS. Subjects from both the groups were followed up with repeat BMD test and CT scan after 12 months. Mean BMD, RR height and width, and RRR values were collected, analyzed, and compared for the two groups using STATA 17.

Statistical Analysis Used and Results:

Baseline mean T-score, RR height, and RR width were − 1.84, 22.30 mm, and 4.25 mm, respectively, for the sample. In both Groups S and NS, a statistically significant decrease in mandibular RR height (P = 0.000 for both) and width (P = 0.027 and 0.003, respectively) was observed at 1-year follow-up. There was a statistically insignificant difference between Groups S and NS for mean BMD, T-score, RR height and width, and RRR at both baseline and 12-month follow-up. One-year RRR rate for Group S (1.30 mm) was insignificantly lesser than for group NS (1.33 mm).

Conclusion:

Short-term oral calcium and Vitamin D supplementation was ineffective in reducing RRR and improving BMD.
Insecticide resistance status and bar-codingof dengue vectors in three districts of Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Anbalagan Rajalakshmi , Srivastava P K , Baruah Kalpana , Krishnan Jayalakshmi
Published: August 2024

Background and objectives:

Occurrence and distribution of vector population are crucial for entomological study in context of prevention, control and elimination of vector-borne diseases. To update some entomological aspects in three districts of Tamil Nadu state namely Kumbakonam, Nagapattinam and Thriuvarur districts, the study was undertaken. The objective of the study was to understand the prevalence of mosquitoes; to assess insecticide resistance and phylogenetic analysis of dengue vectors [Aedes (Ae.) aegypti and Ae.albopictus].

Methods:

The immature stages of mosquitoes were collected from different localities by standard WHO methods marking with GPS and mapping was done using ArcGIS 10.4 software for all three districts. Insecticide resistance test was conducted using WHO susceptibility test kits. The F1 generation of female adult mosquitoes of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus were exposed to DDT 4% and Malathion 5% with the control paper of Risella oil and olive oil respectively. Further, genomic DNA of individual mosquito was isolated, and the sequencingwas done through Eurofins, Bangalore, India. The FASTA sequence was analyzed and the phylogenic tree was constructed using the Maximum likelihood method in Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis (MEGA) software (version 10.0).

Results:

A totally 5307 specimens were collected through expanded survey in all three study areas. The collection yielded 16 species from six genera of mosquitoes. In total collection, the Ae. albopictus was the dominant species in Kumbakonam and Thiruvarur districts and Ae. aegypti was dominant in Nagapattinam district. The predominant breeding sources were discarded tyre with rainwater, plastic cups, coconut shells, aluminum vessels, sliver containers, bottles, grinding stones and earthen pots etc. The study revealed high pupal indices in all three study areas. Insecticide resistance monitoring revealed possible resistance in Ae. aegypti against DDT in all three districts whereas against Malathion, possible resistance was recorded in Kumbakonam and Nagapattinam and in Thiruvarur district, the species was found to be susceptible. Ae. albopictus showed resistance against DDT in all three districts but susceptible to Malathion. The sequences obtained for Dengue vectors showed 99% similar with Genbank. The phylogenetic tree was constructed using COI region sequences. Certainly, observed the different genetic relationship among Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus between the study areas.

Interpretation & conclusion:

The study confirmed the presence of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus in all three districts. The study further revealed that these vectors are susceptible to Malathion but resistance to DDT. The continue surveillance of dengue vector and monitoring of insecticide resistance will strengthen the control programme for appropriate vector control measurements.
Estimation of inflammatory cytokines in maternal serum for assessing the outcome of threatened miscarriage
Authors: Lawal Hakeem A , Obajimi Gbolahan O , Bello Yusuf O , Onifade Abdul Fatai , Jimoh Muideen A , Arowojolu Ayodele O , Morhason-Bello Imran O
Published: August 2024

Objectives:

This study investigates the use of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in predicting the outcome of pregnancy complicated by threatened miscarriage.

Materials and Methods:

Of the 140 eligible pregnant women recruited for the study, maternal serum levels of selected inflammatory cytokines (IL-2, IFNγ, IL-4, and IL-13) for 70 women with threatened miscarriage were analysed for this study. Serum concentrations were measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. Inevitable miscarriage or ongoing pregnancy was used as the outcome, whereas serum levels of selected inflammatory cytokines, women’s sociodemographic characteristics, gynaecologic history, and clinical history were used as the explanatory variables. The Student’s t test was used to compare the cytokine profiles between women with inevitable miscarriages and women with normal ongoing pregnancy after 13 weeks of gestation. Poisson regression models were performed to investigate the factors associated with inevitable miscarriage.

Results:

The result revealed significantly higher pro-inflammatory cytokines, IL-2 (P < 0.001), and IFNγ (P < 0.001) in women with a pregnancy that resulted in an inevitable miscarriage than in those that resulted in an ongoing pregnancy. The incidence rate of inevitable miscarriage increased by 16% (IRR = 1.16, 95% CI: 0.58–2.32) for a unit increase in IL-2 and by 25% (IRR = 1.25, 95% CI: 1.09–1.43) when adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics, gynaecology, and clinical history.

Conclusion:

The IL-2 was the best biomarker for predicting the outcome of threatened pregnancy with a sensitivity of 80% and a specificity of 70% at 1.30 pg/mL cut-off point.
Acute abdomen secondary to ovarian tumour incarcerated in an umbilical hernia: A case report
Authors: Duromola Kehinde Micheal , Yahya Anisah , Raymond Umoru Odoje , Lawal Bilkisu Kankia , Kolawole Abimbola Omolara , Oguntayo Adekunle Olarenwaju , Mustapha Aisha
Published: August 2024

Acute abdomen due to incarcerated umbilical hernia is a surgical emergency. Acute abdomen secondary to gynaecological conditions is not uncommon. However, acute abdomen due to incarceration of a gynaecological tumour in an umbilical hernia is rare. A 25-year-old nullipara was admitted to the accident and emergency unit with a history of recurrent lower abdominal pain and abdominal swelling for 4 weeks. Pain worsened within the last 24 h necessitating presentation. Examination revealed a low-grade pyrexia, tachypnoea, an umbilical swelling with generalised abdominal tenderness, and a pelvic mass more in the right iliac fossa. Bedside abdomino-pelvic ultrasound scan confirmed bilateral adnexal masses with features suggestive of mature teratoma. A diagnosis of acute abdomen secondary to ovarian tumour accident was made. An emergency exploratory laparotomy revealed a huge right ovarian tumour incarcerated in an umbilical hernia. She had bilateral ovarian cystectomy and herniorrhaphy. Gynaecological tumours presenting as incarcerated or strangulated hernias are extremely rare but can be a cause of acute abdomen in women.
An Uncommon Cause of Pleural Effusion – Part 2
Authors: Panicker Venugopal , Paulson Mithila , Venugopal K. P. , Sajitha M. , Kallarackal Sonia John
Published: August 2024

An uncommon cause of pleural effusion is discussed for the benefit of postgraduate students.
Spirometry
Authors: Das Aratrika
Published: August 2024

Spirometry is a method by which function of the lungs are assessed with the help of a machine known as spirometer.The science and interpretation of spirometry has evolved over the past century and today we have different ways of calculating functions of different parts of the airways separately. This is elaborated in this review article.
Characterization of the ciliary beating efficiency in primary diffuse chronic rhinosinusitis
Authors: Renaud M , Venkatasamy A , Escudier E , Mitri-Frangieh R , Filoche M , Fournier V , Papon J-F , Coste A , Louis B , Bequignon E
Published: August 2024

Ciliary dysfunction may result in chronic airway inflammation and infection causing injury and structural changes to the airway epithelium, leading to a variety of diseases, like bronchiectasis and primary diffuse chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). Currently, ciliary beating analysis has mainly been studied through the measure of the ciliary beating frequency (CBF) by high-speed digital video microscopy (HSDV). However, a normal CBF has been described in different forms of primary and acquired ciliary dyskinesia.
Genetic Algorithm-based Convolutional Neural Network Feature Engineering for Optimizing Coronary Heart Disease Prediction Performance
Authors: Hidayat Erwin Yudi , Astuti Yani Parti , Dewi Ika Novita , Salam Abu , Soeleman Moch. Arief , Hasibuan Zainal Arifin , Yousif Ahmed Sabeeh
Published: August 2024

Objectives: This study aimed to optimize early coronary heart disease (CHD) prediction using a genetic algorithm (GA)-based convolutional neural network (CNN) feature engineering approach. We sought to overcome the limitations of traditional hyperparameter optimization techniques by leveraging a GA for superior predictive performance in CHD detection.Methods: Utilizing a GA for hyperparameter optimization, we navigated a complex combinatorial space to identify optimal configurations for a CNN model. We also employed information gain for feature selection optimization, transforming the CHD datasets into an image-like input for the CNN architecture. The efficacy of this method was benchmarked against traditional optimization strategies. Results: The advanced GA-based CNN model outperformed traditional methods, achieving a substantial increase in accuracy. The optimized model delivered a promising accuracy range, with a peak of 85% in hyperparameter optimization and 100% accuracy when integrated with machine learning algorithms, namely naïve Bayes, support vector machine, decision tree, logistic regression, and random forest, for both binary and multiclass CHD prediction tasks.Conclusions: The integration of a GA into CNN feature engineering is a powerful technique for improving the accuracy of CHD predictions. This approach results in a high degree of predictive reliability and can significantly contribute to the field of AI-driven healthcare, with the possibility of clinical deployment for early CHD detection. Future work will focus on expanding the approach to encompass a wider set of CHD data and potential integration with wearable technology for continuous health monitoring.
Integration of Artificial Intelligence in Pediatric Education: Perspectives from Pediatric Medical Educators and Residents
Authors: Pudjiadi Antonius Hocky , Alatas Fatima Safira , Faizi Muhammad , Rusdi  , Sulistijono Eko , Nency Yetty Movieta , Julia Madarina , Baso Aidah Juliaty Alimuddin , Hartoyo Edi , Susanah Susi , Wilar Rocky , Nugroho Hari Wahyu , Indrayady  , Lubis Bugis Mardina , Haris Syafruddin , Suparyatha Ida Bagus Gede , Amarassaphira Daniar , Monica Ervin , Ongko Lukito
Published: August 2024

Objectives: The use of technology has rapidly increased in the past century. Artificial intelligence (AI) and information technology (IT) are now applied in healthcare and medical education. The purpose of this study was to assess the readiness of Indonesian teaching staff and pediatric residents for AI integration into the curriculum.Methods: An anonymous online survey was distributed among teaching staff and pediatric residents from 15 national universities. The questionnaire consisted of two sections: demographic information and questions regarding the use of IT and AI in child health education. Responses were collected using a 5-point Likert scale: strongly disagree, disagree, neutral, agree, and highly agree.Results: A total of 728 pediatric residents and 196 teaching staff from 15 national universities participated in the survey. Over half of the respondents were familiar with the terms IT and AI. The majority agreed that IT and AI have simplified the process of learning theories and skills. All participants were in favor of sharing data to facilitate the development of AI and expressed readiness to incorporate IT and AI into their teaching tools.Conclusions: The findings of our study indicate that pediatric residents and teaching staff are ready to implement AI in medical education.
Quantitative trait loci for yield and yield-associated traits in chickpea under	drought stress
Authors: Kosgei A.J.
Published: August 2024

Crop yield is a complex phenomenon, controlled by several genes, each contributing to the overall phenotypic expression; which is affected by environment and genotype x environment interactions. Identifying and mapping quantitative trait loci (QTLs), make tracing these traits during breeding possible and easy. The objective of this study was to identify QTLs associated with chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) grain yield and its associated traits, under drought stress. The experiment was conducted using 188 F3:5 genotypes from ICCV 05107 x ICCV 94954 crosses. Genotypic data were from 49 polymorphic simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers; while phenotypic data were obtained from a field evaluation designed in a 19 x 10 alpha lattice. The study was replicated thrice on three sites, namely at Koibatek Agricultural Training Centre, Muserech; and at the Kenya Agricultural Research and Livestock Organisation, Marigat. Eight QTLs were mapped on a linkage map spanning a total length of 335.04 cM, with varying phenotypic variation expression (PVE%). These QTLs include, one each for days to maturity, 100-seed weight, and two each for above-ground biomass, harvest index, and grain yield. Five major QTLs having PVE ranging from 10.37 to 32.39%, were identified for days to maturity, 100-seed weight above-ground biomass, harvest index (HI), and grain yield. Four of the eight QTLs were mapped on linkage group 4 (LG4); days to maturity, 2 for above-ground biomass, and grain yield. The QTLs mapped are useful in genomic-assisted breeding for chickpea yield improvement. However, there is a need for marker saturation on LGs and specific genes identified for effective marker-assisted breeding.
Challenges of Pension Administration in Ebonyi State Civil Service: Implications on Workers’ Productivity
Authors: Chidi Nwuzor , Njoku Chimee
Published: August 2024

This work titled “Challenges of Pension Administration in Ebonyi State Civil Service: Implications on Workers’ Productivity” was aimed at determining the extent to which defaults by State government has contributed to irregular payment of pensions to retirees in Ebonyi State, examining the extent to which defects in institutional structures have hindered effective administration of pensions in Ebonyi State Civil Service; assessing the extent to which irregular payment of pensions has hindered the effectiveness and efficiency of Ebonyi State Civil Service among others. Data for this study were collected from primary and secondary sources. The research applied Statistical tables; Mean and Standard Deviation in data analysis while statistical Chi-Square (x2) was applied in empirical testing of the hypotheses that guided the study. This study revealed that defaults by State government have significantly contributed to irregular payment of pensions to retirees in Ebonyi State; defects in institutional structures have hindered effective administration of pensions in Ebonyi State Civil Service; irregular payment of pension to retirees hinders the effectiveness and efficiency of Ebonyi state civil servants among others. Hence, it was recommended that government should ensure adequate funding of pensions in Ebonyi State in order to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of the civil servants; there is need for government to ensure compliance with the provisions of the new Contributory Pension Scheme so as to ensure regular and prompt payment of pensions in Ebonyi State; the pensioners as well as the civil servants should be given the freedom and leverage to choose and maintain their retirement benefits administrators and accounts among others.
People's Perceptions on the Financial Pools for Universal National Health Insurance Coverage.
Authors: Marwa Salome , Chamwali Lihoya
Published: August 2024

The study aimed at assessing people's perceptions on the financial pools for enhancing the capacity of Universal Health Insurance Coverage in Dar es Salaam city. The study explored perceptions on merging health insurance schemes, harmonization of health insurance schemes, cross-subsidization and making compulsory involvement in health insurance schemes as the financial pooling mechanisms for Universal Health Insurance Coverage. The study employed the cross-sectional research design which allowed collection of opinions from different stakeholders concerning the adoption of Universal Health Insurance Coverage in Tanzania. Results from the field indicates that majority of the respondents were having normal level of awareness health insurance schemes and universal health insurance financing, nevertheless, results shows that Dar es Salaam residents differ on the way the understand how health insurance schemes operate in Tanzania. Results indicate most of the respondents perceives merging health insurance schemes and introduce the singe health insurances schemes to administer Universal Health Insurance Coverage as the best mechanism of effectively implementing the Universal Health Insurance Coverage. The study recommends that National Health Insurance Fund should be transformed to Universal Health Insurance Coverage to administer and implement the program of Universal Health Insurance Coverage
Kolaviron Isolated from Garcinia kola Seed Inhibits Snake Venom Phosphodiesterase Activity
Authors: Okafor Azubuike I.
Published: August 2024

Most of the snake venom toxic enzymes that induce severe pathological effects belong to the hydrolytic class, including phosphodiesterase (svPDE) and kolaviron (KV) from Garcinia kola seed (GKS) happens to be a potent inhibitor against this class of enzymes. This study demonstrated the inhibitory effect of KV against svPDE activity. KV, isolated through successive extraction methods from GKS, was validated via Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS). KV was assessed enzymatically for its ability to inhibit svPDE. About 1% KV was obtained from 50 g pulverized GKS following LC-MS spectra analysis. KV inhibited svPDE in a dose-dependent pattern with an IC50 value of 40 µg/mL. Lineweaver-Burk plot of initial velocity data of inhibition by KV revealed a non-competitive pattern with a Ki value of 22 µg/mL at 40 µg/mL of KV. The KM remained constant at 2.4 µg/mL, while Vmax changed from 10.6 µmol/min/mg to 3.7 µmol/min/mg in the presence of 40 µg/mL of KV. This study suggests that KV could act as a potential inhibitor capable of countering the toxic action of svPDE in a non-competitive manner and may be used in treating snakebite victims.
Evaluación simplificada de riesgo biológico con R aplicado al proceso de tratamiento de aguas residuales
Authors: Morales Mora Eric , Badilla-Aguilar Andrei , Rivera-Navarro Pablo , Alfaro-Arrieta Ernesto , Barrantes-Jiménez Kenia , Ruepert Clemens , Crowe Jennifer , Chacón-Jiménez Luz
Published: August 2024

Introducción: Existen trabajos laborales con alto nivel de riesgo biológico como la operación y mantenimiento de plantas de tratamiento de aguas residuales (PTAR). El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el nivel de riesgo biológico para los trabajadores de tres PTAR con diferente tamaño de cobertura y crear una herramienta en el lenguaje de programación R para facilitar la aplicación de la Evaluación Simplificada de Riesgo Biológico (ESRB), su visualización y reporte de resultados.
Métodos: Se aplicó una ESRB en tres PTAR de distinto tamaño y se recolectaron muestras de indicadores fecales (en aire y superficies) y de polvo inhalable en zonas de trabajo y operación. De forma paralela, se desarrolló una herramienta automatizada en R para analizar, visualizar y reportar los resultados de la ESRB.
Resultados: En todas las zonas de trabajo incluidas en el estudio se detectaron indicadores de contaminación fecal y concentraciones de polvo inhalable por encima del límite recomendado. La aplicación de la herramienta programada en R del ESBR mostró que las plantas medianas y pequeñas tienen un riesgo biológico “intolerable”, lo que implica la necesidad de tomar medidas correctivas inmediatas. Por otro lado, la planta grande exhibió un nivel de riesgo “intermedio”, recomendándose medidas preventivas a corto plazo.
Conclusión: Los resultados destacan la importancia de implementar medidas correctivas y preventivas en las plantas de tratamiento de aguas residuales. La herramienta automatizada en R permitió una evaluación de riesgo eficiente, precisa y rápida, facilitando la identificación de riesgos ocupacionales.
Conocimientos sobre el manejo seguro de medicamentos citostáticos entre las enfermeras: una revisión sistemática
Authors: Escandell Rico Francisco Miguel , Pérez Fernandez Lucia
Published: August 2024

Introducción: Los medicamentos citostáticos se utilizan principalmente para tratar enfermedades neoplásicas, y se ha demostrado que las enfermeras siguen siendo susceptibles a estos fármacos. Por lo tanto, el propósito del estudio fue analizar la evidencia más actual en relación con los conocimientos del personal de enfermería a la exposición y manipulación de citostáticos.
Método: Revisión sistematica mediante búsqueda bibliográﬁca en bases de datos Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), SCOPUS, MedLine / PubMed, Cochrane, Google Scholar, con lenguaje libre y controlado (términos MeSH) utilizando los operadores booleanos AND y OR. La búsqueda se limitó a artículos publicados entre 2016-2023.
Resultados: Se analizaron 7 artículos seleccionados para esta revisión bibliógraﬁca en función de su relevancia, de los cuales mostraban se identifica como principal tipo de estudio el descriptivo transversal. El tema de estudio representa los factores asociados con los conocimientos, actitudes y equipos de protección del personal de enfermería oncológica.
Conclusiones: Los hallazgos de esta revisión reflejan la necesidad de una actualización continua y periódica de los conocimientos sobre la quimioterapia y sus pautas de administración. Es necesario mejorar el conocimiento de las enfermeras para el manejo y preparación de medicamentos citostáticos.
Hostigamiento laboral por motivo de identidad de género como probable enfermedad de trabajo
Authors: Bazua-López Elisa Adriana , González Ramos Ana Margarita
Published: August 2024

El hostigamiento laboral se identifica como conductas agresivas hacia el trabajador en el ambiente laboral mediante la subordinación, que puede ser continuada por otras personas que forman parte del ambiente laboral, y se contempla en Ley Federal del Trabajo. Considerando también que si estas conductas se realizan como una acción continuada pueden derivar en daño en la salud mental de la persona trabajadora, se puede establecer “relación causa-efecto trabajo-daño”, derivando en una enfermedad de trabajo con prestaciones médicas y económicas correspondientes a lo establecido en la Ley Federal del Trabajo. El objetivo del presente trabajo es señalar que algunas poblaciones son vulnerables a ser víctimas de hostigamiento laboral por motivo de características demográficas como lo son: Origen étnico, nacionalidad, edad, discapacidad, condición social, de salud, religión, opinión, preferencia sexual, identidad de género, estado civil, etc.; identificar dichas características que vulneran a las personas trabajadoras, pudiendo atentar contra la dignidad, la integridad moral, psicológica e incluso física de las personas trabajadoras.
La inteligencia artificial y la salud laboral
Authors: Sanz-Valero Javier , Martínez-Aguirre Sergio
Published: August 2024

El término Inteligencia Artificial (IA) se definió como la ciencia y la ingeniería para fabricar máquinas inteligentes, su desarrollo se inició a principios de la década de 1990 como parte de un campo relevante de la informática en busca de encontrar similitudes y características de la inteligencia humana, en cuanto al pensamiento y razonamiento e incluso a ver y como oír. La IA es una tecnología tan amplia y revolucionaria que es difícil, hoy en día, dar una definición precisa. Puede considerarse una rama del campo de la informática, cuyo objetivo es crear máquinas capaces de realizar tareas que tradicionalmente requerían inteligencia humana. Sin embargo, la IA es una ciencia interdisciplinaria con múltiples enfoques. Hoy en día, el Machine Learning (aprendizaje automático) y el Deep Learning (aprendizaje profundo) son dos técnicas utilizadas en empresas de todos los sectores.
Hmo1: A versatile member of the high mobility group box family of chromosomal architecture proteins
Authors: Bi Xin
Published: August 2024

Eukaryotic chromatin consisting of nucleosomes connected by linker DNA is organized into higher order structures, which is facilitated by linker histone H1. Formation of chromatin compacts and protects the genome, but also hinders DNA transactions. Cells have evolved mechanisms to modify/remodel chromatin resulting in chromatin states suitable for genome functions. The high mobility group box (HMGB) proteins are non-histone chromatin architectural factors characterized by one or more HMGB motifs that bind DNA in a sequence nonspecific fashion. They play a major role in chromatin dynamics. The Saccharomyces cerevisiae (yeast hereafter) HMGB protein Hmo1 contains two HMGB motifs. However, unlike a canonical HMGB protein that has an acidic C-terminus, Hmo1 ends with a lysine rich, basic, C-terminus, resembling linker histone H1. Hmo1 exhibits characteristics of both HMGB proteins and linker histones in its multiple functions. For instance, Hmo1 promotes transcription by RNA polymerases I and II like canonical HMGB proteins but makes chromatin more compact/stable like linker histones. Recent studies have demonstrated that Hmo1 destabilizes/disrupts nucleosome similarly as other HMGB proteins in vitro and acts to maintain a common topological architecture of genes in yeast genome. This minireview reviews the functions of Hmo1 and the underlying mechanisms, highlighting recent discoveries.
Wolontariat w mediach na przykładzie audycji Nasz nowy dom
Authors: Barańska Marzena
Published: August 2024

The article aims to show the importance of media volunteering as a form of management in the media and media. The analyses focused on discussing the essence of volunteering, identifying characteristics and areas of activity, and then attempted to define the concept of media volunteering based on the criteria adopted: content of the message and level of involvement of the media organisation. Hence, the fundamental questions were: what determines media volunteering and what is its practical dimension. In search of answers to the research questions constructed in this way, analysis of the content of the materials found, netography, analysis of the content of the content were applied. Based on the accumulated knowledge, conclusions were drawn. The publication has a contributory dimension. The idea of writing this article was born as a convention of the ongoing analysis of volunteering in the context of sustainable development.
Między obiektywnymi mitami a subiektywnymi odczuciami – refleksja nad przeżyciem kinowym w perspektywie socjologii przeżywania Simmla
Authors: Cantó-Milà Natàlia , Seebach Swen
Published: August 2024

This article sheds light on the experience which we share in the one and a half hours which we spend in the cinema. It discusses the experiences that are framed between the opening and the closing of the curtain that covers the screen. Thereby it reflects on the reasons for the success and importance of the cinema in modern and especially late modern society, on its meaning for us as individuals and for the webbing of our social bonds. By discussing texts of Simmel, Turner, Sennett and Benjamin, and relating them with each other, we have tried to analyse critically the changes that might have happened to actors and audiences when the stage became a screen, and the actor part of an imaged story. As a result we have identified the cinematic experience as a new kind of ritual that fits with the needs and conditions of late modern society, a ritual wherein emotions play the central role.
Peningkatan Manajemen Usaha dan Pemasaran Usaha Mikro Pengolahan Perikanan di Desa Loon, Maluku Tenggara
Authors: Teniwut Roberto Mario Kabi , Rahantoknam Meyske Angel , Pentury Frischilla
Published: August 2024

Saat ini jumlah usaha mikro di Kabupaten Maluku Tenggara secara khusus pada pengolahan perikanan masih sangat terbatas. Kelompok sibit merupakan salah kelompok usaha mikro pengolahan perikanan yang masih bertahan dan terus berusaha untuk berkembang sejak tahun 2012 hingga saat ini di tahun 2023. Namun terkendala kemampuan manajerial dan kemampuan pemasaran produk menyebabkan upaya pengembangan pangsa pasar perikanan menjadi terhambat, untuk itu maka sangat diperlukan adanya dukungan dari semua pihak, dengan demikian maka tim pengabdi melakukan pendampingan untuk mendukung usaha pengembangan pasar yang ingin dicapai ini dengan melakukan pelatihan dan pendampingan serta penyuluhan. Kegiatan pengabdian dilakukan sejak bulan Maret 2023 hingga sepanjang tahun 2023 ini. Pelatihan penyusunan manajemen usaha pembukuan keuangan, penyuluhan pengembangan pangsa pasar dan pendampingan desain kemasan produk telah dilakukan. Peningkatan kemampuan manajemen usaha yang dibagi menjadi dua bagian masing-masing untuk pemilik sebesar 60% dan untuk seluruh anggota tim sebesar 40%. Selanjutnya, untuk desain ulang kemasan telah dilakukan menjadi lebih modern dan menarik. Untuk izin usaha hingga saat ini masih dimonitoring perkembangan izin usaha oleh tim pengabdi. Diharapkan target dari pemilik yang melakukan perluasan pangsa pasar produk olahan perikanan ke seluruh wilayah Indonesia menjadi lebih feasible oleh kegiatan pengabdian ini dan dapat segera terlaksana.
Pelatihan Pengelolaan Limbah Organik Rumah Tangga Menjadi Eco-Enzym di Kelurahan Sidomulyo Timur, Pekanbaru
Authors: Baharuddin Raisa , Elinur Elinur , Ernita Ernita
Published: August 2024

Pengelolaan limbah di masyarakat terutama limbah organik rumah tangga masih minim dilakukan masyarakat. Limbah organik rumah tangga berpotensi untuk dikembangkan menjadi produk yang bermanfaat bagi manusia. Salah satu cara pengelolaan limbah rumah tangga yaitu dengan pembuatan ecoenzym. Ecoenzym dapat dimanfaatkan untuk kehidupan sehari-hari atau pertanian (sebagai pupuk). Tujuan kegiatan pelatihan ini yaitu memberikan edukasi melalui pemaparan teori dan praktik pembuatan ecoenzym kepada kelompok tani wanita di kelurahan Sidomulyo Timur. Pelatihan ini dilakukan di Kelurahan Sidomulyo Timur, Kecamatan Marpoyan Damai, Kota Pekanbaru. Kegiatan ini dilakukan bulan Oktober 2023. Pelaksanaan pengabdian dilakukan dengan tiga tahapan. Tahap pertama yaitu tahap persiapan seperti observasi ke lokasi, koordinasi dengan peserta, penyusunan materi sosialisasi, dan persiapan alat bahan. Tahap kedua yaitu pelaksanaan, kegiatan pelatihan dengan metode ceramah dan praktek pembuatan ecoenzym. Tahap ketiga yaitu diskusi dan penyebaran kuisoner kepada peserta. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat yang dilakukan di kelurahan Sidomulyo Timur pada kelompok tani wanita dapat memberikan pemahaman tentang eco-enzym dan pemanfaatannya sebagai pupuk organik. Selain itu, kegiatan ini dapat menarik minat semua peserta sebanyak 67% (sangat tertarik) dan 37% (tertarik) untuk dapat mengolah limbah organik rumah tangganya menjadi eco-enzym
SAFEKIDs Sebagai Media Perlindungan Hukum Anak dengan Metode COCD Guna Menjamin Kesejahteraan Anak
Authors: Novemyanto Alfin Dwi , Cahyanto Sigit Bayu , Azri Adlina Nur
Published: August 2024

Anak dianggap sebagai seseorang yang belum memiliki legitimasi hukum dalam memberikan keputusan karena ketidakmampuan pada pola pikir yang dianggap belum dewasa. Akan tetapi anak memiliki hak sejak ia dilahirkan dan merupakan kehendak dilengkapi kekuatan (macht) yang dijamin dan dilindungi oleh sistem hukum atau tertib hukum. Tujuan pendidikan dan pemberdayaan ini adalah mengetahui media SAFEKids dalam eksistensi menjamin perlindungan hukum anak dan mengetahui Ibu-Ibu PKK dalam menjamin kesejahteraan anak dengan metode COCD (Community Organization or Community Development). Metode dan tahap pelaksanaan adalah observasi, perizinan, penyuluhan, pelatihan, implementasi program, pendampingan dan monitoring, serta evalusasi. SAFEKids adalah singakatan dari Supporting A Future of Excellence for Kids, yang merupakan course media berbasis website yang menjadi platform pendidikan dan pembelajaran dalam meningkatan kesadaran masyarakat tentang perlindungan hukum anak. SAFEKids sebagai media pendukung bertujuan dalam menjamin kesejahteraan anak berdasarkan hukum agar dapat menciptakan keadilan, kepastian, dan kebermanfaatan. Dengan memberdayakan Ibu-Ibu PKK dengan metode Community Organization or Community Development (COCD) yang didukung dengan media SAFEKids, kekerasan anak mengalami penurunan serta peningkatan kesadaran hukum akan kesejahteraan hak-hak anak menjadi terjamin
Penyuluhan Money Politic Bagi Masyarakat Desa Dangin Puri Kaja Dalam Menghadapi PEMILU 2024
Authors: Maharani Faradita Putri Aura , Gama Adie Wahyudi Oktavia
Published: August 2024

Praktik politik uang masih menjadi permasalahan besar dalam menghadapi Pemilu 2024. Merebaknya kasus politik uang dikhawatirkan akan menciptakan banyak pejabat publik yang korupsi dan merusak kualitas demokrasi. Pada kenyataanya, masih banyak masyarakat yang enggan menolak politik uang secara tegas. Hal tersebut dikarenakan minimnya edukasi dan kesadaran masyarakat mengenai politik uang. Berdasarkan temuan tersebut, peningkatan edukasi serta kesadaran masyarakat terkait politik uang perlu dilakukan. Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini, diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat untuk menolak politik uang dalam menghadapi Pemilu 2024. Metode kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat dilakukan dengan cara penyuluhan mulai dari observasi, persiapan, menyebarkan brosur dan kuisioner ke banjar-banjar, serta evaluasi. Pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini dilaksanakan mulai tanggal 15 Januari – 1 Maret 2024 di Desa Dangin Puri Kaja, Kecamatan Denpasar Utara, Kota Denpasar, Provinsi Bali. Hasil dan analisis menunjukkan, kegiatan program kerja ini berhasil mengedukasi partisipan sejumlah 15 orang mengenai pengertian, bentuk politik uang, dampak, hukumnya, dan meningkatkan kesadaran untuk menolak politik uang secara tegas.
Edukasi Peningkatan Kemandirian Keluarga Pasien TB di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Paguyaman Kabupaten Boalemo
Authors: Sudirman Andi Nur Aina , Febriona Rona , Pakai Zulha J.A , Bagu Novita R
Published: August 2024

Kejadian TB paru salah satunya dipengaruhi oleh lingkungan. Maka dari itu, pemilihan model keperawatan yang sesuai dengan situasi pasien TB paru. Berbagai model teori keperawatan, salah satunya yaitu model teori keperawatan Florence Nightingale yang dikenal dengan environmental theory dimana dalam teori ini pasien dipandang dalam konteks lingkungan secara keseluruhan di dalam perawatan orang sakit baik dari lingkungan fisik, lingkungan psikologis dan lingkungan sosial. Tujuan dari pengabdian ini untuk mengetahui memberikan edukasi peningkatan kemandirian keluarga pasien TB dengan menggunakan teori Florence nightingale di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Paguyaman. Hasil dari pengabdian ini didapatkan kemandirian keluarga sebelum penerapan teori Florence Nightingale pada keluarga pasien TB mayoritas tidak mandiri sebanyak 9 responden (60%) dan setelah penerapan teori Florence Nightingale pada keluarga pasien TB di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Paguyaman seluruhnya memiliki keluarga mandiri tingkat IV sebanyak 15 responden (100%).
Intersection Efficiency Improvement through Signal Optimization-A Case Study in Kanchanbari, Biratnagar
Authors: Acharya Sandesh , Dhakal Roshani , Pokhrel Asmita , Nath Ojha Krishna
Published: August 2024

Congestion has become a significant issue with the increasing population and vehicle volume. Biratnagar, an economic hub of Nepal, is a crucial entry point from India. The Kanchanbari intersection has been dealing with challenges such as congestion, long queues, and frequent accidents. This critical situation needs our attention. This paper aims to optimize the intersection using SIDRA Intersection 8.0 software. Traffic volume data was collected over 72 hours, and geometrical characteristics were recorded manually. The model was designed for morning, afternoon, and evening peak hours. The maximum traffic flow was in the evening from 5:45 p.m. to 6:45 p.m. A model was developed using SIDRA 8.0 to analyze the current conditions. The model was validated to ensure accuracy by comparing the simulated queue lengths with real-time observed data. Optimization was conducted using signal length optimization and controlled left turn movements. Both strategies significantly reduced average delay and queue length, proving the latter the most effective.
ESTRÉS Y TRABAJO: CÓMO HACERLOS COMPATIBLES
Authors: ARCO TIRADO JOSÉ LUIS
Published: August 2024

Este libro recoge algunos de los temas más actuales relacionados con el estrés y sus efectos en la vida laboral de los trabajadores, ofreciendo así conceptos y procesos para mejorar nuestra respuesta ante problemas de este ámbito.
RÉGIMEN JURÍDICO DE LAS INFRAESTRUCTURAS FERROVIARIAS
Authors: RIVAS CASTILLO MARÍA ISABEL
Published: August 2024

Basada en una tesis doctoral, la presente obra supone un valioso, conciso y directo manual para todo tipo de jurista que quiera acercarse a la rica problemática de las infraestructuras ferroviarias.
INCLUSÃO NAS OLIMPÍADAS DE CONHECIMENTO: PROMOVENDO ACESSIBILIDADE NAS PROVAS DE QUÍMICA, FÍSICA E BIOLOGIA
Authors: FRANÇA NERY JANIELE , MOURA NERY GLEYDSON KLEYTON
Published: August 2024

A participação equitativa de todos os alunos em competições acadêmicas, como as Olimpíadas de Conhecimento, é essencial para promover a igualdade de oportunidades e o desenvolvimento inclusivo da educação. No entanto, a falta de acessibilidade para alunos com deficiência auditiva e visual tem sido uma questão negligenciada nessas competições, especialmente nas áreas de Química, Física e Biologia. Este estudo investigou a ausência de diretrizes claras nos editais das Olimpíadas de Química, Física e Biologia para garantir a participação plena e igualitária de alunos surdos e cegos. Foram analizados os editais e as provas aplicadas na primeira fase de cada olímpiada nos últimos de 2019 a 2023. Os resultados revelaram uma omissão significativa de instruções específicas sobre como os organizadores das olimpíadas deveriam proceder para fornecer materiais acessíveis e acomodações adequadas durante as provas para esses alunos. Esta lacuna na acessibilidade não apenas exclui os alunos com deficiência desses eventos de prestígio, mas também perpetua desigualdades educacionais. Faz-se necessário medidas concretas para promover a inclusão de alunos surdos e cegos nas Olimpíadas de Conhecimento, incluindo a elaboração de diretrizes claras nos editais, a disponibilização de recursos adaptados, como provas em braile, descrições das figuras e tabelas nas provas, e a sensibilização dos organizadores e participantes sobre a importância da acessibilidade e diversidade. Essas ações são fundamentais para garantir que todos os estudantes tenham a oportunidade de demonstrar seu conhecimento e habilidades, independentemente de suas condições físicas, e para promover uma cultura inclusiva e igualitária na educação científica.