bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Deterioration of Highway Pavement using Bayesian Survival Model
Authors: Inkoom Sylvester , Sobanjo John O. , Chicken Eric , Sinha Debajyoti , Niu Xufeng
Published: June 2020

The size and level of complexity of highway pavement data and its associated covariates have led to the application of different approaches in the analysis of the highway pavement data for deterioration modeling. With the goal of predicting the survival of highway pavement with interpretable and reproducible models that are robust to uncertainties, errors, and overfitting, the Bayesian survival model (BSM) is proposed in this paper as a good method of estimating parameters for survival functions. Deterioration patterns in relation to the failure time distribution are treated as random quantities sampled from some stochastic prior processes. The specified priors are combined with the data sampled to obtain the distribution of the survival function using Bayes theorem and the Markov chain Monte Carlo method. A posteriori distribution of the survival function is obtained from the pavement information and compared with the classical product limit survival (Kaplan-Meier) estimate and the univariate parametric survival function. This paper reports experimental results of the three candidate models and their efficiency in describing the survival of highway pavement in the presence of deterioration. It is observed from the BSM outcomes that the posterior estimates are accurate in estimating the survival times of roadway segments at 95% credible interval. The outputs also show the robustness of the BSM in describing the uncertainties associated with the survival of highway pavement compared with the Kaplan-Meier and the univariate parametric survival models in the event of limited data and misspecification of underlying distribution.
The Historical–Demographic Heritage of the Ottoman and Austro-Hungarian Empires through Marriage Patterns in Serbia: The Case of Sremska Mitrovica and Šabac, 1900 to 2011
Authors: Solarević Milica , Đurđev Branislav , Lukić Tamara , Đerčan Bojan , Dunjić Jelena
Published: June 2020

The historical–demographic heritage of the Ottoman and Austro-Hungarian empires’ rule in Serbia created different models of collective and private life, which had particular influence on marriage patterns. Sremska Mitrovica and Šabac were subject to different marriage policies as jurisdictions separated by the Sava river with specific historical contexts, and together they represent the differences across the border between two empires, whose legacies have lasted until today. Data based on marriage registers from these areas were statistically analyzed by the SPSS software package. This article analyses these differences through data on discrepancies in crude marriage and divorce rates, the first marriage age, and the homogamy of marriages based on the spouses’ geographical origin.
Continuing CHAAOS: Vocabulary Intervention for Students With Disabilities in Eighth Grade Who Are Also English Learners
Authors: O’Connor Rollanda E. , Sanchez Victoria M. , Jones Brian , Suchilt Luisana , Youkhanna Valencia , Beach Kristen D.
Published: June 2020

Few studies have considered academic vocabulary interventions for students who have learning disabilities (LD) and also are English learners (EL). This research explored the effects of the third year of the Creating Habits that Accelerate Academic Language of Students (CHAAOS) vocabulary intervention for eighth-grade students who received English Language Arts instruction (ELA) in special education classes. Over 70% of student participants had LD and over half were EL. Special education teachers delivered 12 weeks of intervention spaced across 7 months to 36 students. Researchers compared outcomes on receptive and expressive measures with 17 students in business-as-usual (BAU) special education ELA. Students receiving the CHAAOS intervention learned the 48 taught words better than students in BAU conditions, retained their knowledge of words 4 weeks following the close of the intervention, and ended the year with higher vocabulary scores on a standardized measure than students in BAU classes. Students who were EL performed similarly on receptive knowledge of words to students who were native English speakers. This study documents the effectiveness of explicit vocabulary routines for students who have LD and are also EL.
Initial Validation of a Math Progress Monitoring Measure for Prekindergarten Students
Authors: Assel Mike A. , Montroy Janelle J. , Williams Jeffrey M. , Foster Matt , Landry Susan H. , Zucker Tricia , Crawford April , Hyatt Hannah , Bhavsar Vibhuti
Published: May 2020

Given the importance of math in today’s society, it is critical that children who are at risk for math difficulty are identified early. We developed and validated a prekindergarten math subtest (i.e., CIRCLE Progress Monitoring [CPM] Math Subtest). This teacher-completed measure evaluates domains considered important for later math development. Evaluation of validity was undertaken in a longitudinal sample of 383 children ( Mage = 4.9 years), and a follow-up sample of 3,691 children ( Mage = 4.4 years). The measure demonstrated adequate psychometric properties, including strong internal consistency reliability (α = .94) and test–retest reliability ( r = .78). Evaluation of concurrent and predictive validity demonstrated scores on the CPM Math Subtest were correlated with scores on other assessments at high levels ( rs from .55–.65). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses revealed that the subtest conforms to a well-defined five-factor model that parallels areas considered to be important in the math literature.
Clinical Features and Burden Scores in Japanese Pediatric Migraines With Brainstem Aura, Hemiplegic Migraine, and Retinal Migraine
Authors: Yamanaka Gaku , Go Soken , Morichi Shinichiro , Takeshita Mika , Morishita Natsumi , Suzuki Shinji , Tomoko Takamatsu , Kasuga Akiko , Daida Atsuro , Ishida Yu , Oana Shingo , Suganami Yusuke , Nagao Ryuhei , Kashiwagi Yasuyo , Kawashima Hisashi
Published: June 2020

Background:

Migraines are a broad spectrum of disorders classified by the type of aura with some requiring attentive treatment. Vasoconstrictors, including triptans, should be avoided in the acute phase of migraines with brainstem aura, in hemiplegic migraine, and in retinal migraine. This study investigated the characteristics and burden of these migraines.

Methods:

Medical charts of 278 Japanese pediatric patients with migraines were retrospectively reviewed. Migraine burden of migraines with brainstem aura, hemiplegic migraines, and retinal migraine was assessed using the Headache Impact Test-6™ (HIT-6) and the Pediatric Migraine Disability Assessment scale (PedMIDAS).

Results:

Of 278 patients screened, 12 (4.3%) patients with migraines with brainstem aura (n = 5), hemiplegic migraines (n = 2), and retinal migraine (n = 5) were enrolled in the study. All patients had migraine with/without typical aura, whereas some patients had coexisting migraine with another type of headache (chronic tension-type headache in 3 patients, and 1 each with frequent episodic tension-type headache, headache owing to medication overuse, and chronic migraine). Migraines with brainstem aura, hemiplegic migraines, and retinal migraine patients with coexisting headaches had higher HIT-6 or PedMIDAS scores, whereas migraines with brainstem aura, hemiplegic migraines, and retinal migraine patients without coexisting headache did not show high HIT-6 or PedMIDAS scores.

Conclusion:

All migraines with brainstem aura, hemiplegic migraines, and retinal migraine patients experienced migraine with or without typical aura, and some patients having other coexisting headaches also had high PedMIDAS and HIT-6 scores. PedMIDAS and HIT-6 should not be considered diagnostic indicators of migraines with brainstem aura, hemiplegic migraines, or retinal migraine. In clinical practice for headaches in children, careful history taking and proactive assessment of the aura are needed for accurate diagnosis of migraines with brainstem aura, hemiplegic migraines, and retinal migraine.
A Randomized Evaluation of Group Training for Paraprofessionals to Implement Systematic Instruction Strategies With Students With Severe Disabilities
Authors: Brock Matthew E. , Barczak Mary A. , Dueker Scott A.
Published: June 2020

Paraprofessionals are often tasked with providing instruction to students with severe disabilities despite little or no training in evidence-based practices. Previous studies have demonstrated that specific strategies (i.e., didactic instruction, modeling, and immediate performance feedback) in a 1-to-1 format can enable paraprofessionals to implement practices with fidelity; however, training all paraprofessionals exclusively in a 1-to-1 format with immediate feedback is not feasible. We tested two modifications to improve feasibility: delivery in a group and delayed performance feedback from video recordings. We randomized 17 paraprofessionals to a control condition or group training condition focused on simultaneous and least-to-most prompting. Paraprofessionals in the training condition implemented the prompting strategies with better adherence to steps ( d = 0.91 and d = 1.56), better implementation quality ( d = 0.60), and their students made more progress ( d = 0.29). These findings provide evidence that effective coaching strategies can be utilized in a group context.
Toward a Typology of Critical Nonprofit Studies: A Literature Review
Authors: Coule Tracey M. , Dodge Jennifer , Eikenberry Angela M.
Published: June 2020

This review examines scholarship in key nonprofit journals over four decades. Its purpose is to (a) analyze the extent, nature, and contribution of critical nonprofit scholarship and its trajectory over time and (b) call on scholars, research institutions, and journals in the field to engage the kinds of insights these increasingly marginalized approaches bring, providing space for them to join, challenge, and shape the research conversation. Findings show only 4% of articles published within the period examined adopt critical approaches, with great variability in the ways articles exemplify core tenets of critical scholarship, and a general dampening of critical work over time. This conservatism may result from the rejection of less understood philosophies and methodologies of critical inquiry in favor of more mainstream (positivistic) models of social science. Our primary contribution is to advance a typology explicating the pluralism inherent in critical approaches to nonprofit studies, and their strengths and limitations.
A comparative study of transmissibility factors of traditional and pneumatic dumper seats using one-third octave band analysis
Authors: Mandal Bibhuti B , Bhattacharjee Ashis , Prajapati Shivkumar , Hussain Syed Aftab
Published: June 2020

Severity of exposure to whole-body vibration of vehicle drivers depends on multiple factors including type of vehicle suspension or quality of seats. The study presents analysis of seat vibrations of two different types of dumpers in opencast mines. Since health guidance provided in ISO 2631-1997 are only indicative, seat effective amplitude transmissibility factors along with one-third octave-band analysis of vibration signals have been considered as more effective information for control measures. Vibration characteristics of conventional seats ( n = 3) with rigid frame and those with pneumatic suspensions ( n = 3) have been compared during their use in mines. A(8) values ranged from 0.66 to 1.41 m/s2. All the six operators had shown moderate to higher health risk but this may vary since both intensity and durations of exposure frequently change during the operators’ employment. Vibration signals from a mono-axial accelerometer (z′) placed on the cabin floor was captured in addition to three channel vibration data (x, y and z) of a seat pad accelerometer placed on the vehicle seat. Transmissibility analysis of vibration signals from cabin floor to seat surface showed that the three pneumatic seats resonated in the range of 1.6–2.5 Hz in the z axis. There was significant attenuation of vibration energy ranging from 37% to 63% at 4 Hz which is important in the context of spinal injuries. The seat effective amplitude transmissibility values (%) in the resonating frequencies ranged from 119% to 173%. Interestingly, the conventional seats resonated at 4–5 Hz and the corresponding seat effective amplitude transmissibility (%) values were varying from 128% to 163%. This resonance at 4 Hz is in sharp contrast with the behaviour of pneumatic seats. It is recommended that vibration transmissibility should be considered as a major design parameter for mining vehicle seats.
The dance of knowledge management strategies in libraries: The case of the libraries of the Iranian universities of medical science
Authors: Kaffashan Kakhki Mojtaba , Modiramani Parvaneh , Aminpour Farzaneh , Sadeghi-Gourji Shahrbanoo , Ebrahimzadeh Emad
Published: June 2020

The success of any organization is highly dependent on choosing the right strategic orientation. The main objectives of the present study were to identify appropriate knowledge management strategies and their subsystems in the libraries of Iranian universities of medical science, and to examine their level of strategic alignment. The study population consisted of 55 managers and 225 librarians working at 33 central libraries in Iranian universities of medical science. In order to carry out the research, two questionnaires were initially designed to collect information about the dominant system strategies and knowledge management subsystems. Then, the means of the sum of the items that were planned for each strategy were calculated, the highest means in each group were considered as the basis for determining the dominant strategy, and the levels of alignment between the different strategies were assessed. The results showed that, with regard to the degree of dynamism, maintaining the status quo was the dominant strategy of the knowledge management system in the selected academic libraries, and with regard to the knowledge acquisition and identification subsystem, passive was the dominant strategy. Externalization was the dominant strategy related to the knowledge creation and transfer subsystem, and static was the dominant strategy related to the knowledge application subsystem. As for the level of alignment between the strategies, the results revealed that the strategic alignment is at an average level. Based on the findings, improving the existing conditions in these libraries requires a transition from traditional knowledge management approaches towards more modern approaches, as well as the selection of optimal implementation strategies for the knowledge management system and subsystems.
Long Noncoding RNA LINC00460 Promotes Cell Progression by Sponging miR-4443 in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Li Meng , Zhang Xiaomin , Ding Xu , Zheng Yang , Du Hongming , Li Huaiqi , Ji Huan , Wang Zeyu , Jiao Pengfei , Song Xiaomeng , Zhong Yi , Wu HeMing
Published: June 2020

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide. Long noncoding RNAs were proved to be associated with the development and progression in HNSCC. However, the mechanism of LINC00460 in HNSCC needs to be further investigated. The study used quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction assay to detect the expression of LINC00460 in cancer tissues and cell lines. Gain and loss of function experiments were conducted to analyze the effects of LINC00460 and miR-4443 on cell proliferation, invasion, and apoptosis of HNSCC cells in vitro. The interactions among miR-4443 and LINC00460 were detected by dual-luciferase reporter assay. Here, the study showed that LINC00460 was highly expressed in HNSCC tissues and cell lines. Functionally, knockdown of LINC00460 inhibited HNSCC cell proliferation and migration in vitro. Besides, LINC00460 promoted cell progression by sponging miR-4443, and miR-4443 inhibitor could reverse the effects of si-LINC00460 on cell proliferation and migration. In summary, LINC00460 could potentially promote cell progression and epithelial mesenchymal transition by sponging miR-4443 in HNSCC. LINC00460 could be used as a potential therapeutic target for HNSCCs.
Globalization and player recruitment: How teams from European top leagues broker migration flows of footballers in the global transfer network
Authors: Velema Thijs A
Published: June 2020

Theories about how Europe’s clubs drive the global migration of football players argue that teams recruit in culturally similar and historically linked countries, in global value-added chains, or in their home country and abroad in far-flung countries. However, most of these theories on club behavior are empirically thin, because researchers have so far analyzed stocks of players in teams rather than flows of players between teams. To understand how teams drive the globalization of football’s labor market, this study uses social network analysis to examine how teams from Europe’s top eight leagues broker the global transfer network encompassing 1700 professional clubs in 82 countries. Results demonstrate that European elite teams do not scout globally, but rather recruit from rivals in European top leagues. Clubs one tier below the elite hire both in their home country and across European and Latin-American leagues. The majority of European teams focus their recruitment on their home country and occasionally hire from neighboring countries. How teams recruit in the global transfer market might thus be better understood through the interplay between the risky business of hiring players and the resources teams have at their disposal.
A novel method to monitor soft soil strength development in artificial ground freezing projects based on electromechanical impedance technique: Theoretical modeling and experimental validation
Authors: Zhang Chuan , Wang Xianfeng , Yan Qixiang , Vipulanandan Cumaraswamy , Song Gangbing
Published: June 2020

The artificial ground freezing is an important technique for soft soil reinforcement and underground water sealing carried out by continuously refrigerating ground. It is of great significance to monitor the soil strength development in artificial ground freezing projects not only for better evaluation of the soil freeze–thaw status but also for predicting and controlling the concurrent adverse effects which may cause serious engineering accidents. In this study, the electromechanical impedance method was explored in monitoring the soil strength development in the freeze–thaw process. The lead zirconate titanate transducer was embedded inside the soil specimen, and changes in the conductance signatures were monitored throughout the soil freeze–thaw process. The experimental results indicate that the resonant frequency of the embedded lead zirconate titanate transducer can serve as a reliable index for assessment of the soil’s dynamic elastic modulus in the freeze–thaw process. More importantly, an analytical model was developed based on the piezo-elasticity theory to characterize the correlation between the electromechanical impedance of the lead zirconate titanate transducer and the soil’s mechanical properties, and its validity was further confirmed by the experimental research. Based on the proposed model, the development of the soil’s strength can be well predicted from the measured conductance signatures. As a nondestructive testing method, the proposed soil testing technique will help save considerable time and resources by avoiding the conventional sampling, specimen preparation, and testing of soil. The theoretical and experimental research will contribute to the future application of the electromechanical impedance method in real-life artificial ground freezing engineering projects.
True Median Cleft Lip—15 Years of Review and Prevalence
Authors: Hamzan Muhammad Izzuddin , Sulaiman Wan Azman Wan
Published: June 2020

Objectives:

The author presents 4 cases and attempts to analyze the prevalence of true median cleft lip (MCL) in one center. Embryology, associated anomalies, and surgical treatment are discussed.

Design:

A retrospective descriptive study.

Setting:

Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia.

Participants:

All patients with congenital facial cleft deformities from 2005 to 2019 were retrieved from the Plastic Surgery OR Registry. All characteristics in interest were individually tabulated and evaluated. Four cases were reviewed and discussed.

Outcome:

Prevalence of true MCL.

Results:

Out of the 494 patients included in the study, only 4 (0.81%) were affected with a median cleft, and the prevalence of true median cleft was hence determined to be 3 (0.61%) among the cleft population.

Conclusion:

The prevalence of the true MCL is rare which makes it hard to categorize these clefts, and the surgical protocol needs to be established for the definitive treatment.
Conjunctival Adenosquamous Carcinoma Lacks MAML2 Translocation: A Variant of Squamous Cell Carcinoma With Mucoepidermoid Differentiation and Aggressive Behavior?
Authors: Lee Allie , Yuen Hunter Kwok Lai , Tham Clement C. Y. , Cheuk Wah
Published: June 2020

Conjunctival adenosquamous carcinoma, also known as mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC), is a rare tumor that preferentially affects the perilimbal area of the conjunctiva with aggressive local invasion. Consisting of infiltrative proliferation of squamous cells and mucous cells, its morphologic features are reminiscent of the salivary gland-type MEC except for the absence of intermediate cells and frequent keratin production. We reported 2 cases of conjunctival adenosquamous carcinoma and, for the first time, studied the MAML2 translocation status of this rare entity. The 2 patients were women, aged 45 and 42 years, presenting with an erythematous lesion in the left lower palpebral conjunctiva and a pigmented nodule over the left nasal conjunctiva, respectively. One tumor recurred 6 months after the initial biopsy. Excision with lid reconstruction and postoperative radiotherapy was performed for margin involvement and perineural invasion. This patient was disease free at 3-year follow-up. The other patient was lost to follow-up after tumor excision. Fluorescence in situ hybridization and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction failed to demonstrate MAML2 translocation and CRCT1-MAML2 transcripts in both tumors. The absence of this characteristic translocation and reappraisal of the cellular composition, morphologic features, and precursor lesion suggest that conjunctival MEC may represent a variant of conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma but not related to the salivary gland-type MEC.
A Consensus Statement on the Surgical Treatment of Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease
Authors: Pfeffer Glenn B. , Gonzalez Tyler , Brodsky James , Campbell John , Coetzee Chris , Conti Stephen , Guyton Greg , Herrmann David N. , Hunt Kenneth , Johnson Jeffrey , McGarvey William , Pinzur Michael , Raikin Steve , Sangeorzan Bruce , Younger Alastair , Michalski Max , An Tonya , Noori Naudereh
Published: June 2020

Background:

Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease is a hereditary motor-sensory neuropathy that is often associated with a cavovarus foot deformity. Limited evidence exists for the orthopedic management of these patients. Our goal was to develop consensus guidelines based upon the clinical experiences and practices of an expert group of foot and ankle surgeons.

Methods:

Thirteen experienced, board-certified orthopedic foot and ankle surgeons and a neurologist specializing in CMT disease convened at a 1-day meeting. The group discussed clinical and surgical considerations based upon existing literature and individual experience. After extensive debate, conclusion statements were deemed “consensus” if 85% of the group were in agreement and “unanimous” if 100% were in support.

Conclusions:

The group defined consensus terminology, agreed upon standardized templates for history and physical examination, and recommended a comprehensive approach to surgery. Early in the course of the disease, an orthopedic foot and ankle surgeon should be part of the care team. This consensus statement by a team of experienced orthopedic foot and ankle surgeons provides a comprehensive approach to the management of CMT cavovarus deformity.

Level of Evidence:

Level V, expert opinion.
Comparison of Anticoagulants for Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: A Pilot Study
Authors: Chapin Todd W. , Leedahl David D. , Brown Andrew B. , Pasek Andrew M. , Sand Mitchell G. , Loy Maari L. , Dyke Cornelius M.
Published: June 2020

Background:

Direct-acting oral anticoagulants are indicated for the treatment of nonvalvular atrial fibrillation, but their use in patients after undergoing cardiac surgery is poorly defined despite a high prevalence of postoperative atrial fibrillation in this population.

Methods:

Patients diagnosed with postoperative atrial fibrillation were prospectively randomized to warfarin or apixaban. Safety, efficacy, and economic outcomes were evaluated until their 4- to 6-week postoperative appointment.

Results:

While this pilot study was not powered to determine a difference in safety or efficacy, adverse event rates were similar to the published literature. It was noted that a patient’s course of therapy when utilizing apixaban was significantly less costly than warfarin when including medication, bridging, and laboratory expenses.

Conclusion:

Apixaban and warfarin both appeared to be safe and effective for anticoagulation throughout the duration of this pilot study in treating postoperative atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass grafting. Apixaban was associated with significantly less expense when bridging and monitoring costs were included in addition to medication expense.
Anaphylaxis related to disinfection with chlorhexidine in a teenager treated for cancer
Authors: Devinck Astrid , Bauters Tiene , Lapeere Hilde , Willems Leen
Published: June 2020

Introduction

Literature shows upcoming allergy to chlorhexidine due to the widespread use of the disinfectant within and outside surgical settings. Only a few case reports have been published regarding the use of topical chlorhexidine disinfectant outside surgery and only a minority of these within the pediatric population.

Case report

We present a case-report of a teenager, treated for acute lymphoblastic leukemia who developed an anaphylactic shock after repeated chlorhexidine use for skin disinfection at the insertion of a central venous catheter during his chemotherapy treatment. Preceding minor symptoms such as local swelling and pruritus were not recognized as possible allergy to chlorhexidine. Management and outcome: He was treated with two doses of intramuscular adrenaline and transferred to the pediatric intensive care unit where he fully recovered. Specific IgE testing was positive for chlorhexidine. A total avoidance of chlorhexidine was instructed.

Discussion

A similar case was published regarding an anaphylaxis after use of chlorhexidine disinfectant for a dialysis catheter. Almost all other case reports of anaphylactic shock were found within surgical settings or after insertion of an impregnated central venous catheter/urine catheter. We suggest that some of the disinfectant might have been flushed in the catheter and then caused an anaphylactic reaction. The link between symptoms and chlorhexidine was not made until an anaphylactic reaction occurred. Literature data show that chlorhexidine often causes mild preceding symptoms before an anaphylaxis occurs. So let awareness arise around this ‘hidden allergen’ of which warning reactions often are being missed.
Exploring Substance Use Disorder Nursing Competency in the Italian Context
Authors: Acquaro Johnny , Scalzo Silvia , Procacci Arianna
Published: June 2020

Background:

In Italy, the majority of people treated in Addiction Treatment Service are heroin users. Nurses represent a strategic position in the multiprofessional and multidisciplinary Addiction Treatment Service team.

Aims:

To describe the addiction nurses’ competency in the Italian context.

Method:

This research uses the qualitative approach to describes the addiction nurses’ competency. The research was divided into two steps: ethnographic, to identify activities, habits, settings, critical issues and other distinctive features characterizing addiction nursing specific competencies, and a subsequent phenomenological semistructured interview to understand the lived and the meanings of the experience.

Results:

The meaning units identified could be organized as follows: ability to manage unexpected events, work organization, and teamwork relationships, professional responsibility.

Conclusions:

Many of these described competencies, if considered in general terms, relate to any area of the profession. It is possible to understand their specificity by investigating the meanings and the values attributed to the personal experience This study attempts to develop and define an Italian addiction nursing competency framework.
Comedication and Polypharmacy With ADHD Medications in Adults: A Swedish Nationwide Study
Authors: Zhang Le , Reif Andreas , Du Rietz Ebba , Lagerberg Tyra , Butwicka Agnieszka , D’Onofrio Brian M. , Johnell Kristina , Pedersen Nancy L. , Larsson Henrik , Chang Zheng
Published: June 2020

Objective: Evidence regarding comedication among individuals with ADHD is lacking, especially in adults. This study investigated comedication and polypharmacy with ADHD medications in adults. Method: We identified adults dispensed with ADHD medications during 2013 in Sweden and matched them to controls. Logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) of receiving other medications. Results: Individuals receiving ADHD medications had higher risk of receiving any major classes of somatic medications (ORs ranged from 4.1, 95% confidence interval [CI] = [4.0, 4.3], to 7.4, 95% CI = [6.5, 8.5] across age groups). They were more likely to receive respiratory system, alimentary tract and metabolic system, and cardiovascular system medications. In addition, they had higher risk of receiving any other psychotropic medications. The proportion of polypharmacy with five or more medication classes increased from 10.1% to 60.4% from 18 to 64 years. Conclusion: Comedication was more common in adults receiving ADHD medications. Potential benefits and harms of comedication and polypharmacy require further research. (J. of Att. Dis. XXXX; XX[ X] XX-XX)
School Breakfast Club Programs in Australian Primary Schools, Not Just Addressing Food Insecurity: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Jose Kim , MacDonald Fiona , Vandenberg Miriam , Williams Julie , Abbott-Chapman Joan , Venn Alison , Smith Kylie J.
Published: June 2020

Background. Many Australian primary schools have established school breakfast clubs (SBCs) to address concerns about children arriving at school hungry and the subsequent impact on learning but their effectiveness is uncertain. This study aimed to identify the perceived benefits, impacts, operational practices, and challenges of running SBCs. Method. Case studies with 10 Australian primary schools from different socioeconomic and geographic areas. Focus groups or interviews were held with 142 participants including students, parents/carers, school staff, and funding body representatives between July 2016 and October 2017. Results. There were no eligibility criteria to attend SBCs with all students able to attend, regardless of household income. Thus, participating in the SBC was often reported as a matter of choice rather than a consequence of food insecurity. Participants, including children, discussed the many social benefits of SBCs (i.e., social eating, relationship building, school connection, and engagement) as well as perceived improved classroom behavior. Challenges for program delivery included resource limitations, particularly, the reliance on volunteers and sourcing food. Discussion/Conclusion. SBCs offered a range of benefits beyond their primary goal of addressing food security. SBCs were highly valued by members of the school community for their social, welfare, well-being, and educational benefits, but program sustainability is constrained by resource limitations.
Sport Tourists’ Team Identification and Revisit Intention: Looking at the Relationship through a Nostalgic Lens
Authors: Cho Heetae , Joo Dongoh , Woosnam Kyle Maurice
Published: June 2020

This study explored the relationships among sport tourists’ team identification, sport nostalgia, and revisit intention. In addressing the research goal, survey data were collected from 487 sport tourists to professional baseball games in South Korea, which were then analyzed using structural equation modeling. Results revealed that team identification positively affected sport nostalgia, and sport nostalgia had a positive effect on revisit intention. Further analysis showed team identification had an indirect influence on revisit intention, suggesting full mediation by sport nostalgia. This study provides greater insights into how sport tourists’ team identification contributes to sport nostalgia and how the two constructs collectively influence revisit intention. The findings can be used in developing more effective marketing strategies in sport tourism.
Improving Tourism Innovation Performance: Linking Perspectives of Asset Specificity, Intellectual Capital, and Absorptive Capacity
Authors: Wu AiHua
Published: June 2020

This study seeks to better understand the link of a tourism firm’s intellectual capital to innovation performance, empirically testing the mediating role of absorptive capacity and moderating effect of asset specificity. Findings from 217 Chinese tourism firms indicate that absorptive capacity plays a mediating role in the capital–performance link, and the effect of social capital to absorptive capacity is highest when asset specificity is at an intermediate level, having an inverted “U” shape. The result indicates that the effect of the human capital is “U” shape with asset specificity. Thus, the findings make a few new important insights to the tourism innovation literature and also offer a number of vital implications for tourism managerial practices.
Unreliability of EDTA samples for measuring bioamine neurotransmitter levels in cats
Authors: Ramos Daniela , Reche-Junior Archivaldo , Brandão Juliana Dinéia Perez , Arita Danielle Yuri , Casarini Dulce Elena , Mills Daniel S
Published: June 2020

Objectives

The aim of this study was to assess the reliability of an EDTA-based method for measuring cat blood bioamines.

Methods

Test 1 involved collecting blood samples from seven university laboratory cats. The samples were transferred to EDTA, heparin and plain tubes to determine concentrations of four bioamines (serotonin, dopamine, epinephrine [adrenaline] and norepinephrine [noradrenaline]). Correlation of measurements performed on EDTA plasma, with those performed on heparinized plasma or serum were assessed by intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). In test 2, blood samples from five owned cats were collected and stored in EDTA tubes and divided between duplicate Eppendorf tubes labeled as different cats for blinding purposes and analyzed independently for the same four bioamines as in test 1. Reliability of concentration determination for these duplicates was assessed by ICCs and coefficients of variation (CVs).

Results

In test 1, there was no significant correlation between the EDTA plasma serotonin and serum serotonin concentrations. There was also no significant correlation between EDTA plasma and heparin plasma concentrations for either epinephrine or norepinephrine. There was a statistically significant but weak correlation between EDTA plasma and heparin plasma dopamine concentrations. In test 2, there was no correlation for repeat-analyzed serotonin and epinephrine concentrations. Although there were statistically significant correlations for dopamine and norepinephrine, CVs for each analyte were in excess of 30%.

Conclusions and relevance

Before any further attempt is made to measure and report on neurotransmitter concentrations in domestic cats, it is essential that the robustness of the methodology is carefully validated and the data presented.
Geometric recognition methodology of honeycomb structure based on dynamic window
Authors: Zhou Wei , Wei Wanhui , Wang Zhonggang , Cui Can
Published: June 2020

Defect determination is important for guaranteeing the quality of sandwich structure. The present study, a geometric recognition methodology based on dynamic window was constructed for honeycomb structure, by identifying the vertices from given images captured in the manufacturing process. The combination of traversing window, annihilation window, and tracking window was developed to reconstruct the contoured maximums, locate the vertices positions, and determine the cell–node relationships, respectively. Moore boundary tracking was practically used to deal with the problem caused by the edge effect. Based on these, all relevant vertices as well as their relationship of each honeycomb cell can be determined. Afterward, quality assessment of the honeycomb product was carried out in terms of the maximum, the average, and the maximum average degree deviation. Illustrations validate the present methodology well. All these achievements shed a light on design of the consistency, reliability, and homogeneity of high-standard sandwich structure.
How to carry out monthly blood flow surveillance of fistula in large-scale hemodialysis units: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Mo Ya-wen , Sun Chun-yan , Song Li , Zhou Li-fang , Zhuang Ting-ting , Zhong Mi , Zheng Shu-qian , Chen Ying-gui , Chen Yuan-han , Liu Shuang-xin , Liang Xin-ling , Fu Xia
Published: June 2020

Background:

The important effect of regular blood flow surveillance on arteriovenous fistula maintenance is emphasized. The ultrasonic dilution technique for blood flow surveillance can be performed during hemodialysis, but there are some limitations. Blood flow is traditionally measured by duplex Doppler ultrasound during the nondialysis period. However, the surveillance workload for arteriovenous fistula has increased with the rapid increase in the hemodialysis population size. Efficient methods for blood flow surveillance during hemodialysis are needed.

Methods:

Eighty-four hemodialysis patients with a forearm radiocephalic arteriovenous fistula were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Each received blood flow measurements using ultrasonic dilution technique and duplex Doppler ultrasound during hemodialysis. Duplex Doppler ultrasound measurements included the blood flow of the brachial artery and radial artery. The correlations between these variables were analyzed.

Results:

The correlation coefficients ( r) between flow measured by ultrasonic dilution technique and brachial artery flow measured by duplex Doppler ultrasound, between flow measured by ultrasonic dilution technique and radial artery flow measured by duplex Doppler ultrasound, and between brachial artery flow and radial artery flow measured by duplex Doppler ultrasound were 0.724, 0.784, and 0.749, respectively (all p < 0.001).

Conclusion:

Blood flow measured by ultrasonic dilution technique was positively correlated with blood flow measured by duplex Doppler ultrasound during hemodialysis, suggesting that duplex Doppler ultrasound can be used to monitor the trends in the blood flow of the brachial artery and radial artery for timely intervention to improve patency during hemodialysis.
Identification method of dynamic characteristics coefficients of tilting pad bearing in critical speed range of large unit
Authors: Chen Runlin , Wang Xingzhao , Du Chen , Liu Kai , Yuan Xiaoyang
Published: June 2020

For tilting pad bearing of large unit, it is not easy to identify stiffness and damping coefficients in full-size unit test. Because of many limiting factors in large unit test, the stiffness and damping test methods are not fully applicable to large units, which can be easily implemented in laboratory. The nonexcitation methods are proposed in this paper to identify the stiffness and damping coefficients of tilting pad bearing in the critical speed range of large unit, including direct method and iterative method. Firstly, the rotor speed and vibration during the whole period are obtained. The vibration data of the first-order critical speed range in the startup stage are selected, and the stiffness and damping coefficients of tilting pad bearing are identified through the two methods. The results show that the stiffness and damping coefficients identified through the direct method are generally less than the theoretical values. The identification error of stiffness coefficient is within ±9%, and the identification accuracy of stiffness coefficient is significantly higher than that of damping coefficient. The damping coefficient identified by the iterative method agrees well with the theoretical value, and the identification error is about −3%. In conclusion, the stiffness and damping coefficients of tilting pad bearing in the range of first-order critical speed can be obtained by combining the two identification methods. These identification results are relatively reliable and can basically meet the analysis requirements of important vibration problems of bearing-rotor system.
Tribofilm formation on the VN/7075 composite surface under sulfur-containing boundary lubrication
Authors: Bai Yaping , Liu Mengmeng , Li Jianping , Guo Yongchun
Published: June 2020

In this paper, Al7075 alloy and 15 wt% VN/7075 composite were prepared by ball milling and hot-press sintering. The microstructure, hardness, and wear behavior under different working conditions (environmental condition: dry friction, sulfur-containing boundary lubrication, and oil lubrication) were studied. The results showed that the distribution of VN was dispersive and uniform in 15 wt% VN/7075 composite without obvious agglomeration. The hardness (119.5 Hv) of 15 wt% VN/7075 composite was 46.1% higher than the Al7075 alloy (81.8 Hv). Friction and wear behavior test results showed that under sulfur-containing boundary lubrication condition, according to the tribofilm layer on the worn surface of 15 wt% VN/7075 composite, the friction coefficient of 15 wt% VN/7075 composite decreased by 37.6% compared with the Al7075 alloy. The main wear mechanism of 15 wt% VN/7075 composite was delamination wear and abrasive wear under dry friction, while under sulfur-containing boundary lubrication and oil lubrication, it changed to mild abrasive wear.
More free-floating, less outward-looking: How more inclusive candidate selection procedures (could) matter
Authors: Schindler Danny
Published: June 2020

In the face of the trend toward more participatory candidate nomination methods, studies increasingly focus on its consequences for the selection outcome. Yet, this literature has brought to light some inconsistent findings. They do not surprise given the complexity of selection decisions and the dependence of nomination results on who is running for a candidacy. Drawing on representative survey data collected before the 2017 Bundestag election, this article looks at the potential implications of different procedures by examining how the selection criteria of membership and delegate conferences vary. It shows that both selectorate types differ as to process-related selection criteria but less regarding candidate-related features. More specifically, membership conferences can be associated with more open decisions as their participants attach less importance to coordination mechanisms like leadership proposals. At the same time, they take less account of the external consequences of their choices since criteria that increase a candidate’s chances to enter parliament play a smaller role than among delegates. The study points to implications of inclusive procedures which might not be desired by the party leadership and may not serve the party’s electoral interests in the worst case.
Barefaced: Ageing women stars, ‘no make-up’ photography and authentic selfhood in the 2017 Pirelli calendar
Authors: Jermyn Deborah
Published: June 2020

Celebrity culture has long been driven to seek out and appraise signifiers of authenticity. For women celebrities, a willingness to share photographs of themselves make-up free has become a hazy but provocative marker of a certain ‘barefaced’ daring, in which they (seemingly) come closer to imparting their ‘real self’. In practice, these images are still heavily mediated, often contested and have become part of the celebrity machine itself; indeed, I argue here that, for all the staging of candour and spontaneity they can enact, they are increasingly even an expected component of women’s celebrity performance. What happens to women’s star status or signification, then, when they forego the comfortingly illusionary and perfecting properties of cosmetics for ‘make-up free’ photography? And how are the stakes entailed in such photography more challengingly laden, more hazardous, but also more potentially gratifying, for ageing women stars? This analysis looks most particularly at the widely debated 2017 Pirelli calendar as a pre-eminent example of the contentious cultural currency of such star-imagery, photographed ‘make-up free’ by Peter Lindbergh and featuring mature woman actors, including Julianne Moore, Nicole Kidman and Robin Wright. Constructing a brief critical timeline of the escalation of the make-up free movement across popular culture and social media in recent years, incorporating extant research drawn from disciplines including cultural and celebrity studies and cultural gerontology, undertaking textual analysis of the 2017 calendar and critical discourse analysis of its promotion and media reception, the work brings interdisciplinary approaches together with a breadth of allied cultural artefacts. Interrogating how ageing women stars may effectively marshal make-up free photography to signal their growing gravitas, I forge new insights into both the polemical meanings of the repudiation of make-up in contemporary visual culture and the import of make-up for conceptualising the nexus of ageing, gender and stardom.