bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stabilitätskonstanten einiger Co2⊕-, Ni2⊕- und Ag⊕-Nucleotide / Stability Constants of some Co2⊕-, Ni2⊕-, and Ag⊕-nucleotides
Authors: Weser U. , Dönnicke M.
Published: February 2015

The stability constants of some Co2⊕, Ni2⊕ and Ag⊕ nucleotides have been measured employing difference spectrophotometry. AMP, ADP, ATP, salmon sperm DNA and nuclear RNA from rat liver served as ligands. In all studies the numerical values of log β ranged in the same order of magnitude, generally about 4.3 ± 0.4. According to neglecting differences in the absorbancy at 260 nm the theory was confirmed that Co2⊕ and Ni2⊕ nucleotides may be assigned to metal chain complexes i. e. the metals are preferentially coordinated with the phosphate chain of the nucleotides. This is in contrast to profound changes of E260 if Ag⊕ ions were used. These complexes arc to be considered as rather pure metal-base complexes where the metal ion is strongly suggested to be bound to the nitrogen atoms of the heterocyclic base pairs.
Der osmotische Wert als Parameter für Wachstum und Alkoholbildung bei Hefen/ The Osmotic Value as a Parameter of Growth and of Ethanol Formation in Yeast
Authors: Koppensteiner G.
Published: February 2015

The change of the osmotic value of different substances was observed during yeast growth by determination of the lowering of freezing-points. In shaken cultures with fermentable sugars the osmotic value at first increased and then decreased (effect of diauxy). Different attenuation degrees of raffinose (1/3, 3/3) as such reflected the osmotic value of the fermented medium. The diminuation of the osmotic value in liquid auxanograms showed distinctly whether the yeast had grown by utilizing the sugar or by using the carbon of amino acids or of reserve substances in the cell itself. By the aid of a calibration curve the ethanol content of a fermented medium may be determined exactly.
Nitrosyl-Carbonyl-Komplexe durch Reaktion von phosphinhaltigen Nitrosylhalogeniden von Kobalt und Eisen mit Carbonylmanganat und Carbonylcobaltat
Authors: Hieber W. , Führling H.
Published: February 2015

Zweikernige Nitrosyl-Carbonyl-Komplexe der Struktur (ON)2MPR3-Mn (CO) 5 und (ON)2MPR3-Co(CO)3PR3 (M = Co, Fe; R = C6H5) entstehen durch Umsetzung der phosphinsubstituierten einkernigen Nitrosyl-Verbindungen von Kobalt und Eisen, M(NO)2PR3Br, mit Na[Mn(CO)5] und Na[Co(CO)3PR3]. Die Reaktion mit Na[Fe(CO)3(NO)] verläuft im Gegensatz dazu unter Bildung der einkernigen Verbindungen Co(NO) (CO)2PR3 und Fe(NO)2(CO)PR3. Anhand von IR-Spektren werden die Struktur- und Bindungsverhältnisse diskutiert.
Massenspektrometrische Identifizierung der Phenylthiohydantoin-Derivate von Aminosäuren / Identification of Amino Acid Phenylthiohydantoins by Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Hagenmaier H. , Ebbighausen W. , Nicholson G. , Vötsch W.
Published: February 2015

The unequivocal identification of phenylthiohydantoins of the 20 amino acids usually occurring in proteins is possible by mass spectrometry and by combined gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The method is sensitive enough to be applied to the identification of phenylthiohydantoins obtained from automated Edman degradations of polypeptides. Mass spectra of 21 amino acid phenylthiohydantoins are presented and interpreted.
Die Bürzeldrüsenlipide des Rebhuhns (Perdix perdix) / The Uropygial Gland Fat of the Partridge (Perdix perdix)
Authors: Jacob Jürgen , Grimmer Gernot
Published: February 2015

The uropygial (preen) gland fat of the partridge (Perdix perdix) is a mixture of diester waxes of which even- and odd-numbered fatty acids with a chain length of C9-C20 are shown to be the acidic component. On the other hand erythro-n-alkanediols (2,3) with a chain length of C12 - C23 are the alcoholic components of the waxes.

The simultaneously investigated depot fat is a mixture of triglycerides with usual composition.

Chemotaxonomically the partridge is a typical member of the 18th order (galliformes) of the natural system.
MAK-Chromatographie der RNS im Zusammenhang mit der phytochromgesteuerten Morphogenese / MAK-Chromatography of RNA in Connection with Phytochrome-Mediated Morphogenesis
Authors: Dittes H. , Mohr H.
Published: February 2015

We investigated the behaviour of RNA from the cotyledons of sterile mustard seedlings (Sinapis alba L.) under conditions were Pfr, i. e. the active phytochrome, will rapidly mediate enzyme induction, e. g. phenylalanine ammonia lyase induction. Using double labelling technique of RNA (14C-uridine, 3H-uridine) and separation of the RNA on MAK1-columns we could not find any change of the RNA fractions within 20 min after the onset of light, i. e. within 20 min after the formation of Pfr in the seedling. The results indicate that the MAK-method of RNA separation is not precise enough to reveal small differences at the level of rapidly labelled RNA. Positively, we conclude that Pfr mediates morphogenesis not by dramatic regulatory changes but by induction and repression of a relatively small number of enzymes 2.
The Use of 2-Chloroethanol for Reversible Depolymerisation of the Protein Shell of Bacteriophage fr
Authors: Schubert D. , Frank H.
Published: February 2015

In mixtures of 1 volume of buffer and 2 volumes of 2-chloroethanol, the icosahedral bacteriophage fr is split into RNA and monomeric protein subunits. After removal of the RNA and after replacement of the organic solvent by water, viruslike particles can be obtained by dialysis of the protein against neutral buffers of high ionic strength, whereas multishell particles are formed in buffers of low ionic strength. All results achieved by the use of 2-chloroethanol are very similar to those obtained using acetic acid.
Glycine Amide a Constituent of the Murein of Arthrobacter atrocyaneus
Authors: Interschick E. , Fiedler F. , Schleifer K. H. , Kandler O.
Published: February 2015

The amino acid sequence of the murein of A. atrocyaneus was determined. The peptide subunits L-Ala-γ-D-Glu-L-Lys-D-Ala are crosslinked by the interpeptide bridge L-Ala-L-Ala-L-Ser. The α-carboxyl group of D-glutamic acid is substituted by glycine amide which was never found in any other murein so far.
Über den Einfluß von 4-Hydroxypentenal auf den Gehalt proteingebundener und nicht-proteingebundener SH-Gruppen in Normal- und Tumorzellen
Authors: Rindler R. , Schauenstein E.
Published: February 2015

Es wird der Gehalt nativer Schnittpräparate von Leber und Niere gesunder Ratten sowie einer Reihe transplantabler Tiertumoren an proteingebundenen SH-Gruppen (PSH) und nicht-protein-gebundenen SH-Gruppen (NPSH) quantitativ bestimmt, und zwar nach Inkubation in isotoner NaCl- und isotoner 5·10-3 ᴍ Lösung von 4-Hydroxypentenal (ΗΡΕ). Es ergab sich folgendes:

1. Die Leber weist den höchsten Gehalt an NPSH auf, in den NPSH-Gehalten der übrigen Präparate zeigen sich keine aufschlußreichen Unterschiede.

2. Das gleiche wird für die SH-Gehalte der löslichen Proteine (PSH) gefunden.

3. Nach Einwirkung von ΗΡΕ sinkt der NPSH-Gehalt der Leber auf ca. 19% der Kontrollen, der aller übrigen Präparate auf Null ab.

4. Die durch ΗΡΕ bewirkte Abnahme der PSH-Werte dagegen steht offenbar in einem quantitativen Zusammenhang mit den bei den verschiedenen Präparaten außerdem festgestellten Atmungshemmwerten. Die PSH-Abnahme beträgt bei der Leber nur ca. 1% und die Atmungshemmung ist praktisch Null; es folgen Niere und Yoshida-Sarkom, schließlich zeigen das Ehrlich-Ascites-Carcinom, Stamm Heidelberg und London sowie Sarkom 180 und Lymphosarkom NK/Ly die höchsten PSH-Verluste (40 bis 50%) und praktisch 100-proz. Atmungshemmung.

Der Chemismus der Reaktion zwischen ΗΡΕ und SH-Gruppen wird interpretiert und eine mögliche Schutzfunktion der NPSH gegenüber ΗΡΕ erwähnt.
Die Umsetzung von Amiden mit Phenyltetrafluorphosphoran
Authors: Roesky H. W.
Published: February 2015

Phenyltetrafluorphosphoran reagiert in Gegenwart von Triäthylamin mit S=PF2NH2 oder S=PFClNH2, S = PCl2NH2, FSO2NH2, P3N3F5NH2 zu den neuen Verbindungen S=PF2N = PF2CeH5, S = PFClN =PF2C6H5, S = PCl2N = PF2C6H5, FSO2N = PF2C6H5 und P3N3F5N= PF2CeH5. Die Verbindungen werden durch ihre Elementaranalyse, IR-Spektren und 19F-, 31P- und 1H-KMR-Spektren charakterisiert.
Über Komplexe des 2-Pyridinalphenylimins und des 6-Methyl-2-pyridinalphenylimins mit Kobalt(II)-halogeniden und -thiocyanat
Authors: Schmauss G. , Barth P.
Published: February 2015

Es wird über die Darstellung oktaedrischer Komplexe [CoL2X2] (L = 2-Pyridinalphenylimin, X = Cl, Br, NCS), [CoL′2(NCS)2] (L′ = 6-Methyl-2-pyridinalphenylimin) und tetraedrischer Komplexe [CoL′X2] (X = Cl, Br, J) berichtet. Die Strukturen der Verbindungen werden anhand der IR-Absorptionen der Co—X- und Co—L(L′)-Bindungen sowie der d—d-Spektren diskutiert.
Die Hydratation von Carboxyl-Gruppen in Ionenaustauscherharzen Eine dielektrische Untersuchung / The Hydration of Carboxylic Acid Groups in Ion Exchange Resins A Dielectric Investigation
Authors: Bunzl K. , Sansoni B.
Published: February 2015

The hydration of carboxylic acid groups in ion exchange resins was studied by means of dielectric measurements. For three resins carrying carboxylic groups with quite different pK-values the dielectric constant and the dielectric loss were measured as a function of frequency, water content, and temperature. A comparison of their behaviour showed that the observed dielectric dispersion is due to a Maxwell-Wagner mechanism. In the course of the water adsorption the resin with very weak carboxylic acid groups exhibited a discontinuity of the dielectric constant, if one molecule of water was attached to two carboxylic groups. This can be explained by assuming that the carboxylic groups which are connected by hydrogen bonds in the dry state begin to dissociate at the above mentioned water content. As a consequence, the formation of H5O2⊕-complexes becomes possible. The corresponding increase of the proton mobility leads to the observed Maxwell-Wagner effects. Hydration structures of the carboxylic acid groups below and above this critical water content are proposed.

In the case of the two other resins with higher acidity of the carboxyl groups no discontinuity during water sorption could be observed. The mobility of the proton and hence the Maxwell-Wagner effects could thus be observed at much lower water contents.

The appreciable differences in the shapes of the corresponding wateradsorption isotherms are in agreement with conclusions from the dielectric measurements.
Proteine als Schutzstoffe gegenüber dem Gefriertod der Zelle
Authors: Heber U. , Kempfle M.
Published: February 2015

Two protein factors from hardy leaves were highly active in preventing the inactivation of photophosphorylation of washed thylakoid membranes which takes place during freezing of thylakoids in the absence of protective compounds. Non-hardy leaves did not yield protective protein material. On a unit weight basis, protection by the protein factors was 10 to 100 times better than protection by compounds of low molecular weight such as sucrose, glycerol or dimethylsulfoxide. Very low amounts of the protein factors, which alone were scarcely protective, considerably reduced the concentration of sucrose required for the complete protection of thylakoids during freezing. The protein factors were heat-stable and had a molecular weight between 10 000 and 20 000 daltons. It is assumed that they contribute to and are in part responsible for the frost tolerance of hardy plant material.
Effects of Ricinus Leaf Extracts on Light Induced Changes in Absorption of Chloroplasts Associated with System I and System II
Authors: Brody M. , Brody S. S. , Döring G.
Published: February 2015

Absorption changes associated with photosynthetic System I and System II are (differentially) inhibited by aqueous extracts of Ricinus leaf (RLE). The absorption changes associated with thylakoid effects (i. e. those at 515 nm) are also modified by RLE; the slow component (>10-2 sec) is diminished and the fast component (<10-2sec) is eliminated.
Hemmstoffe de Photosynthese VIII
Authors: Aten W. C. , Büchel K. H.
Published: February 2015

Der Einfluß von Substituenten auf die pKa-Werte von einer Reihe π-Überschuß-Heteroaromaten läßt sich gut bestimmen durch Anwendung der Hammet - Gleichung (pKa=ϱ · σ + pKa) unter Verwendung von σm für Substituenten in der 4- und 7-Stellung und σp für die 5- und 6-Stellung im Benzolring. Für Benzimidazole beschreibt σm den Einfluß von Substituenten in 2-Stellung. Die Acidität der Benzimidazole wird wesentlich mehr von Substituenten in 2-Stellung als von Substituenten im Benzol-Kern beeinflußt.
Xanthorrhizol, ein neues Sesquiterpen aus Curcuma xanthorrhiza
Authors: Rimpler H. , Hansel R. , Kochendoerfer L.
Published: February 2015

Aus dem ätherischen Öl der Rhizome von Curcuma xanthorrhiza ROXB. wurde ein neues Sesquiterpen (Xanthorrhizol) isoliert. Mit spektroskopischen und chemischen Methoden wurde gezeigt, daß Xanthorrhizol die Struktur 1 besitzt.
Unterschiedliche Eigenschaften der Nicotinsäureamid-desamidasen aus Torulopsis utilis und Endomycopsis vernalis
Authors: Drephal G. , Kating H.
Published: February 2015

Zellfreie Acetonpulver-Extrakte der Pilze Torulopsis utilis und Endomycopsis vernalis besitzen Nicotinsäureamid-desamidasen mit unterschiedlichen Eigenschaften. Das Enzym von Torulopsis ist im pH-Bereich von 5,0 bis 9,6 - mit einem deutlich ausgeprägten Optimum bei pH 5,5 (Phosphatpuffer) - wirksam. Es hat ein Temperaturoptimum bei 57°C und wird erst zwischen 65° und 70°C inaktiviert. Die spezifische Aktivität der Desamidase steigt in jungen Kulturen zunächst an und bleibt dann während der weiteren Kulturdauer auf gleicher Höhe. Glutathion, L-Cystein, Mg2⊕- Ionen und EDTA (5 μMol/ml) haben keinen Einfluß auf die Desamidase-Wirkung; Zusatz von 2,75 μΜοl/ml α,α′-Dipyridyl bewirkt eine Aktivitätsabnahme um 70%; eine Hemmung durch p-CMB wird durch L-Cystein-Zusatz wieder aufgehoben. - Die Endomycopsis-Desamidase zeigt im Phosphatpuffer ein Wirkungsoptimum bei pH 7,8; das Temperatur-Optimum liegt bei 33°C; bei 52°C ist das Enzym inaktiv. Die Aktivität des Enzyms nimmt mit zunehmendem Alter der Kultur ab. Mg2®-Ionen (5 μMol/ml) beeinflussen die Wirkung nicht; Mn2⊕-Ionen und EDTA kemmen die Aktivität; α,α'-Dipyridyl und 8-Hydroxy-chinolin (5 μMol/ml) bewirken einen Aktivitätsanstieg; p-CMB hemmt die enzymatische Wirkung, die ebenfalls durch L-Cystein aufgehoben wird.
Fine Structure of Growing Cellulose Fibrils of Ochromonas malhamensis Pringsheim (syn. Poteriochromonas stipitata Scherffel)
Authors: Kramer Detlef
Published: February 2015

The stalked tunicae of the chrysomonadine Ochromonas malhamensis consist of mirofibrils which in contrast to often described plant cellulose fibrils do not have the appearance of one-layer ribbons, but are composed of 10-20 Å thick elementary fibrils, that are very loosely fasciated. The reason for this uncommon structure is thought to be found in the function of the tunicae. Since the elementary fibrils of Ochromonas extend unilaterally, electron microscope studies could be made on the growing ends of the fibrils, several types of which could be discerned. The importance of these structures to the different theories of the growth and the molecular structure of native cellulose is discussed.
Die Wirkung eines homogenen Magnetfeldes auf das Wachstum von Micrococcus denitrificans / The Influence of Homogeneous Magnetic Fields on the Growth of Micrococcus denitrificans
Authors: Thiemann Wolfram , Wagner Erich
Published: February 2015

The influence of strong homogeneous magnetic fields in the range of 5000 to 8000 Gauss on the growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Micrococcus denitrificans was studied. In the case of yeast growing under nearly anaerobic conditions an inhibition of growth rate was observed in the beginning of incubaton while some hours later the growth accelerated and surpassed the control. M. denitrificans on the other hand grew with the same rate as the controls during the first 2 - 3 hours of experiment; thereafter the magnetic field resulted in a significant acceleration of growth rate measured by a 5.8 to 13.3% increase of oxygen consumption after 5 - 6 hours run of experiment. Until now only inhibition of bacterial growths by magnetic fields is reported elsewhere in the literature.
Comparison of the Influence of Spermidine and Monovalent Salts on RNA Synthesis
Authors: Petersen Eiko E. , Kröger Hans
Published: February 2015

The influence of spermidine and salts on the RNA synthesis was compared.

1. Spermidine as well as salts stimulate the RNA synthesis, catalyzed by the RNA nucleotidyltransferase and directed by native, double-stranded calf thymus DNA.

2. However, for maximal synthesis both are necessary, because salts prevent the precipitation of the DNA at optimal spermidine concentration (10 mm).

3. Spermidine stimulates the RNA synthesis by creating new RNA chains. On the contrary salts stimulate the RNA synthesis by elongation of the RNA chains.

4. The inhibition of the RNA synthesis by rifampicine, added 5 min after the start of the RNA synthesis, is strongly intensified in the presence of spermidine or high salt concentrations.
DNS-Synthese in frühen Furchungsstadien von Seeigelembryonen / DNA-Synthesis in Early Cleavage Stages of Sea Urchin Embryos
Authors: Czihak G. , Pohl E.
Published: February 2015

Incorporation rate of thymidine into nuclear DNA of cleaving sea urchin eggs is independent of the incubation time before fertilization. The incorporation rate into the single nucleus was found to be higher in later cleavage stages than immediately after fertilization. A constant value is reached after a certain time. Thymidine uptake is considered to be dependent on a transport mechanism starting with fertilization.
The Infra-red Spectrum of Synthetic Haidingerite, CaHAsO4 · H2O
Authors: Jagannathan Iyer V. , Nabar M. A.
Published: February 2015

Synthetic Haidingerite, dicalcium arsenate monohydrate was studied by infra-red techniques from 4000-400 cm-1. All the observed bands have been assigned and the data are discussed in the light of known crystallographic structure.
Zum komplexchemischen Verhalten der Nitridchloride MoNCl3 und WNCl3
Authors: Kolitsch Werner , Dehnicke Kurt
Published: February 2015

Triphenylphosphin und Chloridionen bilden mit den Nitridchloriden des Molybdäns und Wolframs, MNCI3 (M = Mo, W) definierte Komplexe des Typs MNCl3 · P (C6H5) 3 sowie [MNCl5]2⊖, in denen Metall-Stickstoffmehrfachbindungen vorliegen. Die Verbindungen werden schwingungsspektroskopisch charakterisiert.
Die Beziehung zwischen Absorption und Streuung von Zellsuspensionen und den optischen Eigenschaften der einzelnen Zelle
Authors: Hagemeister Volker
Published: February 2015

Es werden hier die Kubelka-Munk- Gleichungen, die von vielen Autoren zur Berechnung der Lichtverteilung in streuenden und absorbierenden Medien benutzt werden, aus allgemeinen Transportgleichungen hergeleitet. Dabei wird gezeigt: 1. unter welchen Bedingungen die Kubelka-Munk -Gleichungen gültig sind, und 2. welche Bedeutung die in diesen Gleichungen enthaltenen Parameter „Absorption“ und „Streuung“ haben.

Insbesondere wird der Zusammenhang zwischen den optischen Eigenschaften der Gesamtheit vieler kleiner Teilchen und der Absorption und Streuung des einzelnen Teilchens diskutiert. Über diesen Zusammenhang, der für die „in vivo“-Spektroskopie sehr bedeutsam ist, herrscht vielfach Unklarheit.
Untersuchungen zur endogenen Bildung von polycyclisdien Kohlenwasserstoffen in höheren Pflanzen / Investigation of Biosynthetic Formation of Polycyclic Hydrocarbons in Higher Plants
Authors: Grimmer Gernot , Düvel Dietrich
Published: February 2015

Salad, soybeans, rye and tobacco plants, grown on field in the open air or in greenhouses contain benzo (e) pyrene, benzo (a) pyrene, perylene, anthanthrene, benzo (ghi) perylene, dibenzo (a,h) anthracene, and coronene through air pollution. Plants of the same seeds, grown in a special room with air supply by filter-combination (cellulose filter + filtering charcoal + special filters) and with air lock for personnel (changed clothes) show non of the polycyclic hydrocarbons.

Under these conditions, it is not possible to find any hints at biosynthesis of the above mentioned polycyclic hydrocarbons.
Die Gelchromatographie großer Partikel und ihre Grenzen / Limitation of Particles Size in Gel Chromatography
Authors: Gerlich Wolfram , Determann Helmut , Wieland Theodor
Published: February 2015

The behaviour of molecules and particles of 2 - 400 nm radius in gel chromatography was investigated using sephadex, agarose, and pearl shaped cellulose gel of different porosity. Correlations between elution volumes and particle sizes are given in Fig. 1. We found that particles from ca. 400 nm diameter upwards were more or less irreversibly adsorbed depending on the particle size. So only 15% of rat liver mitochondria and 5% of E. coli bacteria could be eluted from the loose cellulose Cu3. It is assumed that this adsorption is due to the absence of Brownian motion of large particles, which therefore are more or less subject to the gravity and to adsorption forces of the gel.
Darstellung und Eigenschaften des Coenzymanalogen Nicotinamid-4-methyl-5-acetyl-imidazol-dinucleotid
Authors: Woenckhaus C. , Kaleja R. , Heik P.
Published: February 2015

Kondensation des Quecksilbersalzes von 4-Methyl-5-acetyl-imidazol ** mit 1-Chlor-2.3.5-O-tribenzoyl-ribofuranose liefert das geschützte Ribosid 3. Zur Strukturaufklärung der Verbindung wurde 4-Methyl-5-acetyl-1-(β-D-0-2′.3′.5′-triacetyl-ribofuranosyl)-imidazol mit Methyljodid in das 3.4-Dimethyl-5-acetyl-1-(β-D-O-2′.3′.5′-triacetyl-ribofuranosyl)-imidazoliumjodid überführt und der Zuckerrest hydrolytisch gespalten. Das entstandene Imidazol-Derivat ist identisch mit 1.5-Dimethyl-4-acetyl-imidazol. 4-Methyl-5-acetyl-1- (β-D-ribofuranosyl) -imidazol wurde mit Aceton in das Isopropyliden-Derivat 4 überführt. Die Phosphorylierung zum Nucleosid-5′-phosphat (5) führten wir mit β-Cyanäthyl-phosphat durch. Durch Kondensation mit Nicotinamid-mononucleotid erhielten wir das Coenzymanaloge Nicotinamid-4-methyl-5-acetyl-imidazol-dinucleotid (6). Die Verbindung liegt im oxydierten Zustand in gefaltener Form vor. Das Fluoreszenz-Anregungsspektrum der Dihydroverbindung zeigt keine Energieübertragung vom nichtfunktionellen 4-Methyl-5-acetyl-imidazol-Teil auf den Dihydronicotinamid-Ring. Das Coenzymanaloge weist eine größere Michaelis- Konstante im Test mit Lactat-Dehydrogenase aus Schweineherz *** auf als das natürliche Nicotinamid-adenindinucleotid ***. Die maximale Umsatzzahl ist trotz der schwächeren Bindung vergrößert. Das unterschiedliche Verhalten des Coenzymanalogen 6 gegenüber NAD läßt, neben der π-Bindung des nichtfunktionellen Teils, eine polare Gruppe im aktiven Zentrum des Enzyms vermuten, die die Ausrichtung des Coenzyms im Coenzym-Enzym-Komplex bewirkt.

Dihydronicotinamid-4-methyl-5-acetyl-imidazol-dinucleotid bildet einen fluoreszierenden Komplex mit der Lactat-Dehydrogenase, der dem des NADH-LDH-Komplexes sehr ähnlich ist.
Zur Biosynthese der ᴅ-Aldgarose II / Biosynthesis of ᴅ-Aldgarose II
Authors: Schmid Rolf , Grisebach Hans
Published: February 2015

The incorporation of pyruvate-[2-14C] into the sugars of aldgamycin E in normal fermentations and in resting cell cultures of S. lavendulae was compared. The extent of incorporation of radioactivity into the hydroxyethyl branch of D-aldgarose (3,1′-O-carbo-4,6-dideoxy-3-C-[1′-hydroxyethyl]-D-ribo-hexose) was about the same in both cases (44 - 45% of the radioactivity in aldgarose). With D-glucose-[U-14C] as a precursor the radioactivity was evenly distributed in the hexose chain of aldgarose and D-mycinose (6-deoxy-2,3-O-methyl-D-allose), whereas the incorporation into the hydroxyethyl branch [C-(1′)-C-(2′)] of aldgarose was negligible.

Radioactivity from L-ethionine-[ethyl-14C] was not incorporated to a significant extent into C-(1′)-C-(2′) of aldgarose. Experiments with bicarbonate-[14C] indicate that the cyclic carbonate of aldgarose originates from a carboxylation reaction. The results of experiments with oxythiamine, pyrithiamine, bisulfite, and fluoropyruvate did not allow any conclusion on the possible participation of hydroxyethylthiamine-pyrophosphate in the biosynthesis of aldgarose.
Isolation of a benz[a]pyrene-thymine photoadduct from DNA hydrolized after irradiation at 365 nm in the presence of benz[a]pyrene
Authors: Antonello C. , Carlassare F.
Published: February 2015

The photoreaction which takes place between benz [a] pyrene and DNA by irradiation at 365 nm leads to a covalent combination. To ascertain the reactive sites of DNA, a sample of the macromolecule has been precipitated after irradiation in the presence of benz [a] pyrene and hydrolized; among the products of hydrolysis four different fluorescent substances have been isolated, one of which was identical with the photoadduct benz [a] pyrene-thymine, already prepared by irradiation of the two substances at 365 nm. This photoadduct has been obtained in an amount corresponding to a molecular ratio 1 : 7000 in respect to the nucleotides (P atoms) present in the sample of DNA.
On the Nature of the Hemoglobin-Haptoglobin Interaction
Authors: Jaenicke Rainer , Pavlíček Zdenek
Published: February 2015

The interactions between human haptoglobin, Hp II (genetic types 2 - 1 and 2-2), and bovine hemoglobin, Hb, were investigated taking inhibition of complex formation and complex dissociation in various solvent media as criteria.

As shown by relative peroxidase activity and gel chromatography, complex dissociation occurs at high concentrations of guanidine HCl, urea, sodium chloride, dioxane, and formaldehyde, while in case of sodium dodecylsulfate a low molar ratio (SDS/Hb -Hp<5) is sufficient to split the complex. In general the formation of the complex stabilizes the structure of its constituents.

Excluding solvent conditions which lead to denaturation (as measured by optical rotation), ionpairs and H-bonds seem to prevail in the stabilization of the complex, while hydrophobic interactions should be of minor importance. Chemical modification of histidine and tyrosine with diazonium-1-H-tetrazole and N-acetylimidazole, respectively, prove histidyl-groups in Hb and tyrosylgroups in Hp to participate in the Hb-Hp contact, thus confirming earlier results.
Experiments Regarding the Problem of Differentiation in Multicellular Systems
Authors: Oelze-Karow H. , Mohr H.
Published: February 2015

The temporal pattern of control by phytochrome of the enzyme lipoxygenase (EC 1.13.1.13) in the mustard seedling (Sinapis alba L.) is described. The biosynthetic system which produces lipoxygenase does not respond to phytochrome (Pfr) up to 33.25 h after sowing (25°C). By this time the control by Pfr comes suddenly and fully into play. At 48 h after sowing the system escapes from the control by Pfr. Neither the beginning nor the end of the period of control is influenced by phytochrome. Interpretation of the data requires a double action control mechanism. It is argued that such a mechanism is necessarily a characteristic of development in multicellular organism.
14N-Kernresonanzmessungen an Isonitril- und Nitril-Metallkomplexen
Authors: Becker W. , Beck W. , Rieck R.
Published: February 2015

14N chemical shifts are reported for nitriles, isocyanides and complexes with nitriles, isocyanides, and isohydrocyanic acid.

The correlation of the 14N coordination shifts with the metal-ligand back bonding as known from IR-investigations is discussed.

While pi bonding seems to be insignificant in isocyanide complexes with metal cations, such as Fe2⊕, 14N-NMR measurements suggest an increase of pi bond order on going from isocyanide carbonyl complexes to compounds in which isonitriles are the only ligands bound to zerovalent metals
Diselena-cyclooktaschwefel und Triselena-cyclooktaschwefel
Authors: Schmidt Max , Wilhelm E.
Published: February 2015

Die Reaktion von S2Cl2 mit H2Se liefert die beiden Achtringe S6Se2 und S5Se3 nebeneinander. Sie sind einfach voneinander zu trennen. Selen-Selen-Bindungen liegen darin nicht vor
Neue Vertreter des ThCr2Si2-Typs und dessen Verwandtschaft zum Anti-PbFCl-Gitter
Authors: Eisenmann B. , May N. , Müller Wiking , Schäfer Herbert , Weiss Armin , Winter J. , Ziegleder G.
Published: February 2015

Der von SILLEN am BiOCl-Gitter beobachtete Übergang von der Stöchiometrie ABX zur AB2X2 wurde nunmehr auch bei intermetallischen Phasen gefunden. In diesem Zusammenhang gelang es, eine Reihe neuer Vertreter des ThCr2Si2-Typs darzustellen und strukturell zu charakterisieren
Substituierte 2-Chloracetessigsäureanilide und ihre Metallchelate / Substituted 2-chloroacetoacetanilides and their metal chelates
Authors: Kettrup A. , Abshagen J.
Published: February 2015

The preparation of 2-chloroacetoacetanilides and the preparation of their metal chelates is described.

The dissociation constants of the chelating agents and the stability constants of the copper chelates were determined by potentiometric pH-measurements
γ-Radiolyse von 2-Desoxy-ᴅ-ribose in wäßriger Lösung / γ-Radiolysis of 2-Deoxy-ᴅ-Ribose in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Hartmann V. , Sonntag C. V. , Schulte-Frohlinde D.
Published: February 2015

In the γ-radiolyse of N2O saturated aqueous solutions of 2-deoxy-D-ribose (8·10-3 mol/l) the following products (G-values) are formed: 2-deoxy-ᴅ-erythro-pentonic acid (and its γ-lacton) (1) (2,5), 2.5-dideoxy-ᴅ-erythro-pentonic acid (8) (0.63), 2-hydroxy-oxa-cyclohexanone-(4) (5) (1,15), 2-hydroxy-oxa-cyclohexanone- (5) (6) (1,0), 3-hydroxyglutaraldehyde (7) (0,55), further, α-hydroxy-carbonyl compounds 2-4 (0,2) and possibly malonaldehyde (≦ 0,1). The formation of the products can be explained by the attack of the water radicals (˙OH and ˙H) on the 2-deoxy-ᴅ-ribose to give primarily 2-deoxyribosyl radicals. These radicals may disproportionate directly, rearrange or eliminate water analogous to those from ethylene glycol1. The main product 1 stems from a disproportionation reaction of primary 2-deoxyribosyl radicals, 8 has a rearranged radical as a precursor, while in the formation of 5-7 primary 2-deoxyribosyl radicals split off water before disproportionation. The mechanism are discussed in detail
Untersuchungen über die Abhängigkeit optischer Eigenschaften der Desoxyribonukleinsäure (DNS) von ihrem Salzgehalt
Authors: Wetzel R. , Koch M. , Becker M. , Pittelkow R. , Billwitz H.
Published: February 2015

Es wurden Schmelzkurven sowie ORD- und ZD-Spektren von DNS-Lösungen verschiedenen Salzgehaltes gemessen. In Übereinstimmung mit den aus der Literatur bekannten Daten wurde mit abnehmendem Salzgehalt eine Destabilisierung der DNS-Doppelhelix gefunden, die Doppelstrangstruktur und die Basenaufstockung bleiben jedoch weitgehend erhalten. Die Doppelstrangstruktur wird bei niedrigen Ionenstärken erst nach thermischer oder Säuredenaturierung zerstört. Die Basenaufstockung wird dabei ebenfalls reduziert. Hohe Salzkonzentrationen (4,5 ᴍ NaCl) bewirken Strangtrennungen und ungeordnete Basendesorientierungen. Ein Vergleich der Absorptions-, ORD- und ZD-Daten zeigt, daß die Art der Konformationsänderungen von der Art der äußeren Einwirkungen abhängt
Antimikrobielle Aktivität von Amphibien-Hautdrüsensekreten II. Substanzen aus Leptodactylus pentadactylus
Authors: Habermehl Gerhard , Preusser Hans-Jürgen
Published: February 2015

Drei Substanzen aus dem Hautdrüsensekret des südamerikanisches Frosches Leptodactylus pentadactylus wurden auf ihre Hemmwirkung für das Wachstum von Pilzen und Bakterien getestet. Dabei wurde gefunden, daß Spinaceamin und Bufotenin eine Hemmwirkung besitzen; bei Histamin wurde keine Hemmung beobachtet
Untersuchungen an Crown-Gall / Studies on Crown-Gall
Authors: Beiderbeck Rolf
Published: February 2015

From Agrobacterium tumefaciens, strain B6, a clone B6Ri could be isolated which grows well in presence of 150 ug/ml rifampicin. Moreover B6Ri does not alter the rifampicin in the medium (quantity, spectrum in visible light, ability to inhibit the growth of B6). B6Ri is able to induce crown-galls on leaves of Kalanchoe in the presence of 100 µg/ml rifampicin. Therefore the rifampicin-mediated inhibition of crown-gall induction by B6 is not a consequence of any influence of the drug on the host cell
DNA-Synthesehemmung durch 5-FUDR bei Sinapis alba (L.) / Inhibition of DNA-Synthesis by 5-FUDR in Sinapis alba (L.)
Authors: Capesius Ingrid , Bopp Martin
Published: February 2015

In Sinapis alba seedlings the cell elongation is inhibited by 5-FUDR. At a concentration of 10-5ᴍ FUDR reduces the incorporation of 3H-cytidine into the DNA of the hypocotyl by 50% in 24 hours; if, however, the labeling begins two hours after application of FUDR the inhibition amounts to 63 per cent. In the cotyledons the corresponding values are 73 and 79 per cent. On the contrary, FUDR enhances the incorporation of 14C-thymidine into DNA by 48% and 44% in the hypocotyl and cotyledons, respectively. These experiments suggest that FUDR inhibits DNA synthesis by blocking the thymidine pool (or thymidine-5-phosphate pool)
Anwendung der 220 MHz Protonenresonanz-Spektroskopie zur Konformationsanalyse: 3.9-Dichloro-3.9-dithiono-2.4.8.10.3.9-tetraoxadiphospha-spiro(-6-)-undecan ein Spirocyclus mit zwei Dioxaphosphorinan-Ringen
Authors: Hägele G.
Published: February 2015

The 220 MHz 1H-NMR-Spectrum of a spirocompound was analysed in terms of an ABCDX Spinsystem. 4JPOCH, 3JHH, δH and δp were obtained and used to determine the geometry of the molecule. The spirocompound seems to have a rigid double-chair-conformation of C2-symmetry.
Die Struktur der Phasen Ca2LiSi3 und Ca2LiGe3
Authors: Müller Wiking , Schäfer Herbert , Weiss Armin
Published: February 2015

Die intermetallischen Phasen Ca2LiSi3 und Ca2LiGe3 wurden dargestellt und ihre Struktur aufgeklärt. Die Verbindungen sind isotyp. Das Silicium- bzw. Germaniumteilgitter besteht aus ebenen, cis-trans-gewinkelten Ketten. Zusammenhänge mit den Kettenverbänden in den Erdalkalimonosiliciden und -germaniden werden diskutiert.
Studies in Niobium (V) - Schiff Base Complexes
Authors: Prashar P. , Tandon J. P.
Published: February 2015

A number of new niobium (V) - Schiff base complexes of the type Nb (SB) x (OPri) 5 - 2x and Nb(SB)2(SBH) (where SB2⊖ and SBH⊖ are anions of the Schiff bases and x =1 or 2) have been synthesised by the interaction of niobium pentaisopropoxide with the Schiff bases in different stoichiometric ratios. The molecular weight determinations and IR studies of a few derivatives have also been carried out.

Scanty references are available in the literature regarding the Schiff base complexes of niobium (V) and tantalum (V) 1, 2 and such derivatives have been prepared from the corresponding metal chlorides and the Schiff bases. In a series of papers published earlier 3, 4, a more convenient method, for the synthesis of such derivatives, by the interaction of metal alkoxides with the Schiff bases in anhydrous benzene medium, has been reported. The present paper describes the synthesis of several new niobium (V) derivatives with the Schiff bases derived from the condensation of salicylaldehyde or o-hydroxyacetophenone with n-hydroxyalkylamines.
Isolation of Nonacosan-10-ol and Cuparene from the Liverwort, Bazzania pompeana
Authors: Matsuo A. , Nakayama M. , Ishida Y. , Hayashi S.
Published: February 2015

In the course of investigation on chemical constituents of methanol extract from the liverwort, Bazzania pompeana (Lac.) Mitt., a secondary alcohol, nonacosan-10-ol, and a benzenoid sesquiterpene hydrocarbon, cuparene, were isolated in addition to two new sesquiterpenoids, bazzanene and bazzanenol, which have been reported 2.
Kinetik der Reaktion von Papain mit Bromacetamid / Kinetics of the reaction of papain with bromoacetamide
Authors: Löffler Hans-Gerhard , Schneider Friedhelm , Wenck Helmut
Published: February 2015

The pH-dependence of the second order rate constants of the reaction of papain with bromoacetamide in the pH-range 5,5-8,5 is described by a curve with a turning point corresponding to a pK 7,3 ± 0,1 at 25°. This is the pK of a catalytically essential imidazole residue. The activation parameters of the reaction of papain with bromoacetamide were determined. The second order rate constants at pH 7 for the reaction is 200 times greater than for the reaction of bromoacetamide with simple SH-compounds.
N-Tribromphosphazo-Verbindungen / N-Tribromophosphaza-compounds
Authors: Roesky Herbert W. , Remmers Graalf
Published: February 2015

By reaction of N-sulfuroxideimides with phosphorus-pentabromide the compounds R-SO2NPBr3 (R = CH3 , CF3 , C6H5, p-Cl-C6H4, and p-CH3C6H4) were prepared. Reactions of hexamethyldisilazane and N- (dimethyl) -trimethylsilylamide resulted in the formation of R-SO2NPBr2N (CH3)2, (R = CH3, C6H5), and R-SO2NPBr2NHSi(CH3)3 (R = CF3, p-CH3-C6H4). The properties and the chemical behavior of these compounds are described. Results of IR-spectra, as well as 31P-, 19F-, and 1H-NMR-spectra and elemental analysis characterize the compounds.
Über Phosphazene XXXVII
Authors: Schmidpeter Alfred , Rossknecht Henno
Published: February 2015

Sodium sulfonyl and phosphoryl amides together with dimethylchlorophosphine yielded PH-phosphine imines 4 instead of NH-aminophosphines 3. Sodium trifluoromethylsulfonyl amide did so even with diphenylchlorophosphine. In a second step biphosphine monoimines were formed in all cases. The dependency of δ31P, JPH and JPP is discussed.
Morpholines-(III): Some Further Aspects of the Cyclodehydrohalogenation of ω -[N-(aryl)-N-(halogenoacyl)]-aminoacetophenones
Authors: Abdulla Riaz F. , Lahiri Sitansu K. , Crabb Trevor A. , Cahill R.
Published: February 2015

The formation of a 2-oxo-azetidine from N-phenyl-N-chloroacetyl-4-fluoro-phenacylamine, and 3-oxo-morpholines from corresponding 4-bromo-derivatives 2 indicates the possibility of the existence of dπ-acceptor resonance between the aromatic ring and the bromo-substituent. H-NMR studies of some morpholines reported earlier 3 indicate a planar heterocyclic structure with a rapidly inverting N₋aryl substituent. Where the rotation of the N-aryl group is strongly hindered 16, the C2 methylene protons show a geminai coupling of -14.5 Hz4. The 2-oxo-azetidine (4) shows an ABX coupling pattern for its ring protons. Preliminary work attempting to extend the synthesis of morpholines to azepines has resulted instead in the formation of a pyrrolidone.
Bestimmung der Strahlenwirkung auf die Thymidinkinaseaktivität innerhalb eines Zellzyklus synchroner Chlorella / Determination of Irradiation Effects on the Thymidine Kinase Activities Within a Cell-Cycle of Synchronously Growing Chlorella
Authors: Cabela E. , Altmann H.
Published: February 2015

Ingestigations on the thymidine kinase activities within a cell-cycle of synchronously growing Chlorella cells showed a marked increase of the enzyme-activity towards the end of the DNA-reduplication.

Immediately after γ-irradiation with doses of 15 krad and 35 krad, no significant changes in activity could be found; three hours after irradiation a remarkable decrease of the enzyme-activity was observed.
The Watersplitting System of Photosynthesis
Authors: Renger G.
Published: February 2015

It is shown by the use of the repetitive double flash group polarography that CCCP acts as a deactivator of the active states in the water splitting system. The other electron transport reactions in system II are not influenced by CCCP. Therefore CCCP can be used both to label and to modify the properties of the water splitting system of photosynthesis.
Photolyse von 5-Joduracil in wäßriger, sauerstoffgesättigter Lösung in Gegenwart von Methanol / Photochemistry of 5-Iodouracil in Aqueous Solution in Presence of Oxygen and Methanol
Authors: Gilbert E. , Wagner G. , Schulte-Frohlinde D.
Published: February 2015

UV-Photolysis of aqueous solution of 5-iodouracil in presence of oxygen and methanol leads quantitatively to isodialuric acid, uracil, formaldehyde, H2O2 and iodine. The yields of these products were determined as a function of methanol concentration. The results suggest that the primary step is the homolytic splitting of the C-I-bond. The reaction of the uracil radical with methanol gives uracil and a CH2OH-radical, and with oxygen isodialuric acid. The uracil radical reacts 24 times faster with oxygen than with methanol. The reaction of CH2OH-radical with oxygen gives formaldehyde and H2O2.
Bis(cyclobutadienyl-eisentricarbonyl) / Bis (cyclobutadienyl-irontricarbonyl)
Authors: Brune Hans Albert , Horlbeck Gernot , Záhorszky Uwe-Ingomar
Published: February 2015

3,4-Dichloro-1-bromo-cyclobut-1-ene and diironenneacarbonyl do not form the expected bromocyclobutadiene-irontricarbonyl. Instead, two complex molecules are connected to bis (cyclobutadienyl-irontricarbonyl) by elimination of the bromine atoms.
Glial Cells in the Myenteric Plexus
Authors: Gabella G.
Published: February 2015

In the myenteric plexus of rat stomach, ileum, and rectum, glial cells outnumber nerve cells by more than 3 to 1; they have several processes, extensively branching, which extend between, and adapt themselves to, other cellular elements, constituting a very compact structure. The most prominent feature of glial cell cytoplasm are bundles of gliofilaments. No basement membrane surrounds individual glial cells; a single basement membrane is observed around the whole ganglion. Morphological features do not support the identification of these cells as Schwann cells, but relate them to the central nervous system astrocytes.
Chemiluminescence from the Action of Singlet Oxygen (1Δg) on Chlorophyll a and some other Luminescing Substances
Authors: Stauff J. , Fuhr H.
Published: February 2015

In systems containing singlet-oxygen and aromatic fluorescers energy transfer from singletoxygen dimers to the dye should be observable by emission of the fluorescer. In order to prove this hypothesis, externally generated singlet-oxygen (1Δg) was bubbled through the solutions of dyes (chlorophyll a, eosin y, rhodamine b, luminol, rubrene and acridine orange) in organic solvents.

Luminescence could be observed and its spectral distribution analyzed by sharp cut-off filters and interference filters (rubrene) . Spectra, rates of oxidation, addition of quenchers and the long lasting time dependence of the reported reactions lead to the conclusion that the observed afterglow is due to chemical oxidation mechanisms producing a chemiluminescence. Therefore an excitation of the substances investigated in these experiments by simple physical energy transfer seems not to be predominant.
Kontaktpotential und heterogene Katalyse / Contact Potential and Heterogenous Catalysis
Authors: Kaiser H. J. , Freyberg H. G. v. , Doiwa A.
Published: February 2015

It is shown that in the case of metals connected by a first order conductor the decomposition of formic acid is less at the element of lower work function while it is more at the element of higher work function. The metals used were Ni, Cd, Zn. The results correspond to the investigations of other authors 1 who showed that the activation energy on alloys depends on how far the concentration of electrons is from full saturation of the lattice type. This effect is explicable in terms of the development of a contact potential, the conditions in the case of metals being similar to those in the case of alloys.
Zum Mechanismus der Chelatbildung von Ni2⊕-ionen mit α- und β-Hydroxyglutarsäure / Formation Mechanism of Ni- (II) -α- and -β-hydroxyglutarate-Complexes
Authors: Hoffmann Η. , Nickel U.
Published: February 2015

The kinetics of the formation and dissociation of Ni- (II) -complexes of glutarate, 2-hydroxyglutarate, and 3-hydroxyglutarate were investigated by a pressure jump method. The sequence of the steps in the chelation process for the ligands 2- and 3-hydroxyglutarate, respectively, were evaluated and the rate constants for the specific steps were determined.

The results show the chelation to start with formation of a Ni-carboxylate bond and to end with the coordination of the hydroxyl group. In both systems the rate determining step in the chelation process is the ring closure and not the formation of the first bond.
γ-Radioiyse Wäßriger, Sauerstoffhaltiger Lösungen Von 5-Brom-2′-Desoxyuridin (I ) / γ-Radiolysis Of Aqueous Solutions Of 5-Bromo-2′-Deoxyuridine In Presence Of Oxygen I
Authors: Kourim P. , Bors W. , Schulte-Frohlinde D.
Published: February 2015

γ-radiolysis of 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine in neutral oxygen saturated aqueous solutions leads to the folowing products: hydrogen bromide, hydrogen peroxide, organic peroxides, isodialuric acid deoxyriboside, deoxyuridine, deoxyribosylurea, urea, deoxyribose and 5-bromouracil. In addition some unidentified products are formed. The main products are isodialuric acid deoxyriboside and hydrogen bromide.
Hydroxylation of Aliphatic Compounds by Liver Microsomes
Authors: Frommer U. , Ullrich V.
Published: February 2015

Aliphatic compounds are hydroxylated to the corresponding isomeric alcohols by an unspecific hydroxylation system in the endoplasmic reticulum of the liver cell. As models for this reaction the following hydroxylation systems were investigated: 1. trifluoroperacetic acid, 2. the photolysis of 2,2-dimethylquinoxaline-di-N-oxide and 3. the system Fe2⊖/2-mercaptobenzoic acid/O2. 2-Methylbutane, methylcyclohexane and n-pentane are hydroxylated by a selective mechanism probably involving an oxenoid species. The pattern of isomeric alcohols closely resembles that obtained of rat liver microsomes indicating a hydroxylation mechanism of similar selectivity. From comparison with the nonenzymatic systems it is possible to conclude on minor steric effects in the microsomal hydroxylation of these alkanes.
Pilzpigmente, VI / Pigments of Fungi, VI
Authors: Steglich W. , Esser F. , Pils I.
Published: February 2015

Helveticone, the characteristic pigment from Chroogomphus helvetivus and Ch. rutilus sporophores has been identified as 2,4-Dihydroxy-3-farnesyl-1,4-benzoquinone (1). Minor pigments are bovine (2) and xerocomic acid, already known from the Boletaceae.
An Oviposition Stimulant for the Carrot Rust Fly from Carrot Leaves
Authors: Berüter Josef , Städler Erich
Published: February 2015

A compound which plays an important role in the stimulation of oviposition in the carrot rust fly was isolated from carrot leaves. The active component has been identified as trans-1,2-dimethoxy-4-propenyl-benzene (methyl-iso-eugenol).
In vitro-Untersudiungen über Angriffspunkt und Wirkungsunterschiede zum Heparin / In Vitro Studies on the Mode of Action and Differences to Heparin
Authors: Walb D. , Loos M. , Hadding U.
Published: February 2015

The effect of a semisynthetic pentosan-polysulfo-ester (SP 54) upon the complement system in vitro has been studied in comparison with the effects of heparin. Both substances inhibit in small concentrations the Cl-esterase. There are differences in the effect of SP 54 and heparin. According to the in vitro results SP 54 seems to have a ten times higher anticomplementary action. At the same time the influence upon coagulation is less. SP 54 appears to be a substance of therapeutic interest.
Antibodies to Chlorophyll and their Reactions with Chloroplast Preparations
Authors: Radunz Alfons , Schmid Georg H. , Menke Wilhelm
Published: February 2015

Antibodies to chlorophyll are specifically adsorbed onto the membrane surface of thylakoids. The antibodies inhibit photosynthetic electron flow from water to NADP⊕. This inhibition is presumably caused by adsorption of the antibodies onto the centre chlorophyll of light reaction II. Fragments of the thylakoid membrane, obtained by ultrasonication and subsequent fractioning centrifugation, exhibit only photosystem-I activity. Conversely, the specific adsorption of antibodies to sensitizer chlorophyll has no inhibitory effect on electron transport. The ferricyanide Hill reaction of chloroplast preparations is inhibited by chlorophyll antibodies. From these observations it is concluded that the centre chlorophyll of light reaction II and at least part of the sensitizer chlorophyll is located on the surface of the thylakoids. As agglutination is sterically inhibited by the membrane protein, it is assumed that the chlorophyll is located in gaps or pores of the protein layer.

Two fractions of the lamellar system exhibit photosystem I activity of different characteristic electron donor specificity. These fractions can be further distinguished in terms of their circular dichroism and protein composition.