bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modelagem do Perfil de 6.2 μm
Authors: Avelaneda Vitor das Neves , Canelo Carla Martinez , Sales Dinalva Aires de , Fischer Julia de Campos
Published: February 2025

Estudar os hidrocarbonetos aromáticos policíclicos (PAHs) é fundamental para o entendimento do meio interestelar (ISM) de galáxias, especialmente por estarem presentes em quase todos ambientes astrofísico, desde regiões de formação estelar até núcleos ativos de galáxias (AGNs). Uma característica peculiar dessas moléculas pode ser encontrada nas variações do perfil da banda de 6.2 μm, essa banda pode indicar o processo de nitrogenação dos anéis aromáticos dos PAHs. Neste trabalho,  279 galáxias com emissão dominada por AGN (AGN-dominated), extraídas do projeto Spitzer/IRS ATLAS, tiveram seu contínuo e perfil de 6.2 μm modelados e classificados conforme as classes de Peeters (A, B e C). Os resultados obtidos neste estudo mostram uma predominância de objetos classe A que só conseguem ser explicados pela presença de Heterocíclicos Policíclicos Aromáticos Nitrogenados (PANHs).
UTILIZAÇÃO DO MODELO SEIRS PARA A COMPREENSÃO DA DINÂMICA DA DENGUE CLÁSSICA E GRAVE
Authors: Quadros Régis Sperotto de , Santos Leonardo Ferreira dos , Haetinger Claus , Buske Daniela , Gonçalves Glênio Aguiar , Weymar Guilherme Jahnecke , Furtado Igor da Cunha
Published: February 2025

Neste trabalho é apresentado um modelo matemático compartimental que descreve a transmissão do vírus da dengue entre humanos e mosquitos, considerando as formas clássica e grave da doença. Foram utilizados parâmetros da literatura, e os cenários obtidos por meio das simulações numéricas do modelo ilustram um ciclo da doença, mostrando sua evolução ao longo desse período. Utilizou-se o método de Runge-Kutta de quarta ordem e quatro estágios para resolver o sistema de equações diferenciais ordinárias que representa o modelo estudado. Os resultados deste trabalho foram satisfatórios, quando comparados aos modelos encontrados na literatura.
O Reflexo de Narciso: contribuição à crítica da formação docente
Authors:   , Alcazar Neto Antonio
Published: February 2025

O trabalho consiste numa reflexão crítica sobre o complexo formativo que envolve a
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior – Capes, um dos programas de
pós-graduação sob sua jurisdição, o Programa de Pós-Graduação Stricto Sensu em Ensino –
Posensino e a base teórica e metodológica compartilhada pelos professores e discentes
integrantes do Programa. O núcleo da crítica é a centralidade da “interdisciplinaridade” nesse
complexo formativo, em torno da qual orbitam outros termos de natureza ideológica que,
segundo foi apurado, vêm diluindo a formação para o ensino na escola pública. Para reparar a
lacuna conceitual instaurada pelo “interdisciplinar”, foi proposta a categoria totalidade, em sua
formulação marxista. O texto também traz um breve estudo, mais específico, sobre os
fundamentos da formação para o ensino. Por fim, é apresentada a Pedagogia Histórico-Crítica
como recurso para a realização efetiva e concreta de uma formação para o ensino, tanto no
âmbito do aludido Programa, como em outros da mesma natureza
In silico and In vitro Analysis of Coniferin Mediates Apoptosis by Intervening the
PTGS2/Apoptosis Pathway to Alleviate Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Shi Mei-Feng , Ma Xiao-Na , Zou Fang-shu , Feng Wei , Xu Qiang
Published: February 2025

Purpose:

Liquidambaris Fructus (LF), a prevalent Chinese medicinal herb, has been effectively utilized
in the clinical treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Coniferin, is the active ingredient in LF, and there
is a paucity of research examining its potential anti-RA properties. This study employs in silico analysis and
experimental validation to delve into the therapeutic potential of Coniferin against RA and to elucidate its
mechanism of action.

Methods:

In silico Analysis was employed to construct a drug-disease target protein-protein interaction (PPI)
network, to perform Functional enrichment analysis, and to molecular docking of the principal compounds
and target proteins. Subsequently, the effects of coniferin on the proliferation, migration, and invasion of
rheumatoid arthritis - Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (RA-FLSs) were observed using a CCK8 assay and
Transwell assay. ELISA was employed to detect the inflammatory response of RA-FLSs in coniferin. Flow
cytometry was utilized to detect the effects of coniferin on apoptosis, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial
transmembrane potential in RA-FLSs. Ultimately, the expression of pivotal proteins and apoptosis markers
within the PTGS2/Apoptosis signaling pathway was discerned through the utilization of Real-time quantitative
PCR (RT-qPCR) and Western blot.

Results:

It was observed that coniferin promotes apoptosis of RA-FLSs through the PTGS2/Apoptosis signaling
pathway and inhibits the proliferation, migration, and invasion of RA-FLSs, with anti-inflammatory, oxidative
stress-reducing, and mitochondrial transmembrane potential disruption effects.

Conclusion:

The potential mechanism of coniferin for the treatment of RA is to promote apoptosis of RAFLSs
by intervening in the PTGS2/apoptosis signaling pathway.
Identification of Mitochondrial-related Characteristic Biomarkers in
Osteosarcoma using Bioinformatics and Machine Learning
Authors: Hou Jingyi , Zhang Yu , Yang Ning , Chen Bin , Chang Chengbing , Gu Haipeng , Liu Yanqi , Zhu Naiqiang
Published: February 2025

Background/Aims:

Osteosarcoma (OS), a malignant tumor originating in bone or cartilage,
primarily affects children and adolescents. Notably, substantial alterations in mitochondrial
energy metabolism have been observed in OS; however, the specific contribution of mitochondrial-
related genes (MRGs) to OS pathogenesis and prognosis remains unclear. Herein, we
identified novel diagnostic biomarkers associated with mitochondrial-related processes in OS via
comprehensive bioinformatics analysis.

Methods:

OS mRNA expression profiles were retrieved from GSE16088 and GSE19276 databases.
Mitochondrial-related differentially expressed genes (MitoDEGs) were identified by integrating
differentially expressed analysis with mitochondrial-localized genes. A protein-protein
interaction network was constructed, and machine learning algorithms (LASSO regression analysis
and SVM-RFE) identified characteristic MitoDEGs. Subsequently, immune cell infiltration,
microenvironment analysis, and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analyzed differences
in characteristic MitoDEGs, and RT-PCR was used for in vitro verification of characteristic MitoDEGs.

Results:

MitoDEGs in OS were significantly enriched in the pathways associated with mitochondrial
function and immune regulation. Two MitoDEGs, UCP2 and PRDX4, were identified
via LASSO and SVM-RFE. Correlation analysis demonstrated a close association between
UCP2 and PRDX4 expression levels and immune cell infiltration, particularly in CD8+ T and native
CD4+ T cells, as observed in both immune cell and scRNA-seq analyses. Furthermore, RTPCR
confirmed the expression levels of UCP and PRDX4 at the cellular level, which was consistent
with the bioinformatics results.

Conclusion:

This study identified UCP2 and PRDX4 as characteristic MitoDEGs and potential
diagnostic biomarkers for OS using machine learning algorithms. These findings provide novel
insights into the clinical applications of these biomarkers for OS diagnosis.
2-DG Promotes the Proliferation, Differentiation, Migration, and Resistance to Oxidative Stress of Mesenchymal Stem Cells through Hippo Signaling
Authors: Dong Liang , Li Lang
Published: February 2025

Background:

Hippo signaling regulates the behavior and fate of
mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which are crucial for the repair and cure of acute
respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). However, whether 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG),
a specific activator of Hippo signaling, would further enhance the reparative effect of
MSCs in ARDS remains unclarified.

Objective:

This study aimed to determine whether 2-DG could promote the
proliferation, differentiation, migration, and resistance to oxidative stress of mouse
bone marrow-derived MSCs (mBMSCs).

Methods:

mBMSCs were isolated from C57BL/6 mice and differentiated into alveolar
type II epithelial (ATII) cells by noncontact coculture. The specific activator and
inhibitor 2-DG and 4-[(5,10-dimethyl-6-Oxo-6,10-dihydro-5h-pyrimido[5,4-B]thieno[3,2-
E][1,4]diazepin-2-Yl)amino]benzenesulfonamide (XMU-MP-1) were used to activate
and inhibit Hippo signaling, respectively. Oxidative stress-induced injuries were
induced by H2O2 treatment.

Results:

We observed that 2-DG activated Hippo signaling and promoted mBMSC
proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. 2-DG also promoted the differentiation of
mBMSCs into ATII cells and enhanced not only the horizontal and vertical migration of
mBMSCs but also mBMSC homing to injured lung tissue. H2O2 treatment inhibited
Hippo signaling and reduced the viability of mBMSCs by decreasing the Bcl-2/Bax
ratio, but 2-DG activated Hippo signaling and conferred mBMSCs with resistance to
oxidative stress by increasing the Bcl-2/Bax ratio. However, XMU-MP-1 suppressed
these effects to some extent.

Conclusion:

Through Hippo signaling, 2-DG promoted the proliferation, migration,
differentiation, and resistance to oxidative stress of mBMSCs, suggesting a novel
strategy for enhancing the reparative effects of MSCs in ARDS.
Isochromanones and Isobenzofuranone from Arctic Fungus Gyoerffyella sp. CPCC 401434
Authors: Hu Jun , Liu Yu , Chen Ming , Guo Zhe , Ma Ling , Zhang Tao , Cen Shan , Wang Fang , Yu Liyan , Zhang Dewu
Published: February 2025

A new isochromanone, (3R,4R)-3,6,8-trihydroxy-3,4,5-trimethylisochroman-1-one (1),
together with six known isochromanones (2-7) and one known isobenzofuranone (8), was obtained
from the Arctic fungus Gyoerffyella sp. CPCC 401434. The chemical structures were determined on
the basis of extensive NMR and MS data analyses. All the compounds were first reported from the
genus Gyoerffyella. Compounds 6 and 7 showed significant cytotoxic activities. Compounds 2, 3, 5, 8,
9, and 11 displayed significant anti-IAV (H1N1) activities, similar to that of ribavirin.
Micronutrients and Dengue Fever: Exploring their Role in Effective
Management Strategies
Authors: Saha Dipankar , Mandal Saptarshi , Roy Soham , Mahanty Subhajit , Sinha Nirmalya Kumar , Maiti Rajkumar , Majumder Surajit
Published: February 2025

Dengue is the fastest-growing viral disease caused by an RNA virus, namely dengue
virus, throughout India due to global warming. It has been declared a global threat by the World
Health Organization due to the upsurge in cases as well as the deaths due to dengue over the
last two decades. Most commonly, four serotypes of dengue viruses have high morbidity and
mortality throughout the world. The major transmitting agents of this virus are the two species
of the female Aedes mosquito, A. aegypti, and A. albopictus. In West Bengal, several outbreaks
were reported at different times. Dengue-infected persons were categorized into different categories
based on their clinical symptoms. Being a viral disease, it is only managed based on the
clinical symptoms, and no specific drugs are available for the treatment of dengue patients. The
common methods of management are fluid management and nutritional management to balance
the body’s fluid and strengthen the body’s immunity. Several micronutrients, like vitamins D,
E, and C, play a major role in dengue management. Other than these vitamins, micronutrients,
like zinc and iron, were also successfully used for dengue management. At present, the only
way to manage dengue patients is through supportive therapy and micronutrient supplementation.
Anti-Alzheimer’s, Anticancer, and Antimicrobial Activities of Transition Metal Complexes of 4-[(E)-(5-chloro-2-hydroxy-3-{(E)-(3-nitrophenyl)
diazenyl}benzylidene)amino]-1,5-dimethyl-2-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-3(2H)-one
Authors: Sarwade Kirti Navnath , Thakur Shailendrasingh Virendrasingh , Sakhare Kuldeep Bhaskar , Sakhare Mahadeo Abarao , Bharate Yogesh Navnath
Published: February 2025

Background:

Age-related Alzheimer's disease is a common neurodegenerative
disease. The number of Alzheimer's patients worldwide is expected to reach approximately 150
million by 2050. Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers in females, and its prevalence
rises each year. Annually, worldwide, almost 500,000 women pass away due to breast cancer.
Current treatments for Alzheimer’s disease and cancer aim to stop or slow the progression of the
disease. Developing more effective methods of treatment has become a global effort. Many
scientists from around the world are busy in finding effective treatment solutions for Alzheimer’s
disease and cancer. The metal-ligand chemistry shows a variety of applications, including
physiological and pharmacological activities.

Methods:

The green and efficient synthesis of coordination complexes of novel azo-Schiff
base ligand 4-[(E)-(5-chloro-2-hydroxy-3-{(E)-(3-nitrophenyl)diazenyl}benzylidene)amino]-1,5-
dimethyl-2-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-3(2H)-one was performed by grinding technique. Further, metal
salts were introduced to this azo-Schiff base ligand, and metal complexes were synthesized. These
synthesized products were characterized by 1H-NMR spectra, mass spectra, FTIR spectra, electronic
spectra, elemental analysis, thermal analysis, X-ray powder diffraction, molar conductivity,
etc., and their anti-Alzheimer’s, anticancer, and antimicrobial activities were assessed by MTT
assay and disc diffusion method, respectively.

Result:

The structures of the azo-Schiff base ligand and its metal complexes were confirmed by
using various spectroscopic techniques. In the biological activity study, many complexes showed
higher inhibition than the standard reference drug.

Conclusion:

The synthesized metal complexes exhibited higher biological activities than the azo-
Schiff base ligand. All metal complexes, except for some, served as anti-Alzheimer’s and anticancer
agents.
Melittin, A Potential Game-changer in the Fight Against Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review
Authors: Prince Gilles , Assi Ahmad , Aoude Marc , Kourie Hampig Raphael , Haddad Fadi
Published: February 2025

Introduction:

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. Traditional treatments include
endocrine therapy, chemotherapy, surgery, radiation, and immunotherapy. Recent studies suggest melittin, a
component of bee venom, as a promising breast cancer treatment due to its anticancer properties: inducing cytotoxicity,
apoptosis, and gene regulation.

Method:

This manuscript aims to review melittin's potential therapeutical and future implications in treating
breast cancer. An extensive literature search was conducted on MEDLINE and Cochrane databases up to July
2024 using Boolean operators with a combination of keywords. After screening, data extraction, and descriptive
analysis, 40 articles were retained.

Results:

Experimental data and different therapeutical strategies were collected. Melittin disrupts tumor cell
membranes and modulates key apoptotic pathways. Advanced delivery systems enhance their effectiveness and
reduce toxicity. Combining melittin with chemotherapy shows synergistic effects, improving outcomes. Thus,
melittin could be a valuable addition to breast cancer therapies.

Conclusion:

Further clinical trials are essential to validate its potential and establish its role in breast cancer therapy.
Preliminary Investigations on Acyl Hydrazones Bearing Sulfonamides as Inhibitors of the Human Carbonic Anhydrase Isoforms I, II, IX, and XII
Authors: Dincel Efe Doğukan , Kuran Ebru Didem , Ece Abdulilah , Başoğlu-Ünal Faika , Renzi Gioele , Badii Gloria , Carta Fabrizio , Supuran Cladiu T. , Ulusoy-Güzeldemirci Nuray
Published: February 2025

Aim:

The present study aims to identify the synthesis and structural characterization of acyl hydrazone-
sulfonamide-containing compounds that were tested in vitro on human carbonic anhydrase (hCA) isoforms
I, II, IX, and XII.

Methods:

Herein, acyl hydrazone derivatives containing the primary sulfonamide moiety were synthesized via a
three-step synthetic pathway starting from the commercially available 4-sulfamoyl benzoic acid. Structural characterizations
of the final compounds were assessed through IR IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and elemental analyses.
The in vitro profiling activity of the final compounds on the Carbonic Anhydrases (CAs; EC 4.2.1.1) I, II, IX, and
XII were performed by means of the stopped-flow technique and revealed nanomolar inhibitory potencies on the
selected targets. Molecular docking and molecular dynamic simulations afforded a detailed understanding of the
binding modes of the most effective compounds.

Results:

We reported the synthesis and structural characterization of 25 acyl hydrazone-sulfonamide-containing
compounds that were tested in vitro on the hCAs I, II, IX, and XII isoforms for their inhibitory features. Overall,
all compounds showed nanomolar inhibition potencies on the panel of hCAs considered, and their binding modes
were deciphered by means of in-silico studies. Molecular docking followed by MD simulations confirmed the
stability of 4l-hCA I, 4n-hCA II, 4t-hCA II, 4v-hCA XII, and 4w-hCA XII complexes.

Conclusion:

This study presents a deep understanding of the structural determinants influencing the affinity and
selectivity of the designed compounds towards different hCAs, thus offering valuable insights for further optimization
and development in the field.
Sphingolipids in Cancer: Metabolism, Signaling, and Clinical Implications
Authors: Desai Sharav A. , Nagare Sandip D. , Patel Vipul P. , Pagare Nishant B. , Jangam Tejas C.
Published: February 2025

Sphingolipids are bioactive lipids that are essential for cellular functions like signaling, apoptosis, and proliferation. They are also important in the biology of cancer. The complex dynamics of sphingolipid metabolism and its consequences for the advancement of cancer are examined in this review. It highlights the regulatory functions of important enzymes such as ceramide kinase (CERK) and sphingosine ki-nases (SPHKs) in preserving the equilibrium between sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), a pro-survival chemical, and ceramides, which encourage cell death. Tumour growth, metastasis, and treatment resistance are all significantly affected by disturbances in this equilibrium. The review emphasizes the potential of sphingolipids as biomarkers for cancer prognosis and stratification, providing information on the course of the dis-ease and the effectiveness of treatment. Their crucial functions in cellular signalling pathways that affect angiogenesis, immunological evasion, and drug resistance, all of which are linked to cancer, are also reviewed. Their role in the tumor microenviron-ment further highlights sphingolipids' significance as targets for novel therapeutic ap-proaches. Improved clinical results and personalized cancer treatments are made pos-sible by developments in sphingolipid biology and their potential as biomarkers. This thorough synthesis provides the groundwork for further studies that will use sphin-golipid metabolism and signalling to create potent cancer treatments. In the fight against cancer, we can improve therapeutic efficacy and diagnostic accuracy by under-standing these intricate relationships.
Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Dietary Phytoactives in Osteosarcoma Management - A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Devi Seema , Ashawat Mahendra Singh , Kumar Ajay , Kumar Pravin , Thakur Anjli , Shridhar Himanshu
Published: February 2025

Osteosarcoma is a primary malignant bone tumor that predominantly affects adolescents
and young adults. Despite advances in treatment modalities, including surgery and chemotherapy,
the prognosis for osteosarcoma patients remains challenging. Therefore, there is growing interest in
exploring alternative or adjunctive therapeutic approaches, including dietary interventions utilizing
phytoactives found in plant-based foods. Secondary metabolites found in plants, or phytoactives,
have a variety of biological effects, one of which is the prevention of cancer in humans. Their multitarget
mechanism of action includes cell apoptosis, inhibition of cell proliferation, and anti-oxidant
and anti-mutagenic effects. A growing number of people are interested in bioactive plant-derived
compounds due to their potential to treat cancer. Furthermore, several naturally-derived substances
have the potential to greatly increase the efficacy of conventional chemotherapy medications and, in
certain circumstances, even lessen the side effects that the medication causes. Notably, flavonoids,
such as quercetin, apigenin, and epigallocatechin-3-gallate, exhibit potent anti-cancer properties by
inhibiting cell proliferation, inducing apoptosis, and suppressing metastasis in preclinical models.
Furthermore, curcumin, resveratrol, and berberine demonstrate multifaceted effects, including cell
cycle modulation and angiogenesis inhibition. Importantly, dietary phytoactives may synergize with
conventional therapies, enhancing efficacy while mitigating adverse effects. In the present review,
we summarize the effects of various naturally occurring bioactive compounds against osteosarcoma.
Pharmacognostic, GC-MS, and In Silico Molecular Docking Studies of Phytoconstituents from Urtica dioica and Zanthoxylum armatum for Male Antifertility Potential
Authors: Wadhawan Swati , Chaudhary Anurag , Koul Sameksha
Published: February 2025

Background:

Research on non-hormonal alternatives to traditional methods of male contraception has been prompted by the growing world population as well as the need for effective and reversible treatments. This study aimed to examine the possible antifertility potential of two medicinal herbs, i.e., Urtica dioica and Zanthoxylum armatum, that have been utilized for centuries in different cultures.

Methodology:

A thorough pharmacognostical analysis was carried out to identify the ingre-dients of these plants. The phytoconstituents from Urtica dioica aqueous 96% methanolic leaf extract and Zanthoxylum armatum fruit essential oil were subjected to in silico molec-ular docking screening. The phytoconstituents were profiled using GC-MS analysis. To in-vestigate how these phytoconstituents interact with important proteins involved in male fer-tility and identify potential candidates for the development of a plant-based oral contracep-tive for men, further in silico molecular docking (receptor protein ID of 7FIH (3.20 Å), 7BPR (1.95 Å), and 2Q7J (1.90 Å) ) experiments were carried out.

Results:

The GC-MS analysis revealed a wide variety of bioactive chemicals. Promising interactions between the discovered phytoconstituents and specific protein targets were found by the in silico molecular docking investigation, indicating the possibility of antifertil-ity effects.

Conclusion:

The results of this study demonstrate the medicinal use of these plants and provide the basis for the development of novel male contraceptive medicines and their fur-ther experimental validation.
Roles of Microglia in Synaptogenesis, Synaptic Pruning, and Synaptic
Plasticity in Physiological Conditions and Central Nervous System
Disorders
Authors: Xie Meizhen , Wang Tian , Feng Jiachun , Ma Di , Feng Liangshu , Hao Yulei
Published: February 2025

Microglia are resident immune cells in the brain that have been widely studied for their
immune surveillance and phagocytosis. In recent years, the important role of microglia in synapse
formation, elimination, and plasticity is gradually being recognized. Synapses are the main communication
mode between neurons. They undergo constant changes in quantity and plasticity throughout
the life cycle, which is the basis of learning and memory. Microglia are highly motile, branched forms
that monitor the microenvironment of the central nervous system (CNS) and promote synapse formation
and maturation. They recognize and phagocytose redundant synapses through specific phagocytosis
receptors. Furthermore, microglia regulate synaptic plasticity by releasing various effectors.
The roles of microglia on synapses ensure the proper function of neural networks. Synaptic dysfunction
and microglia activation are common features in CNS disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease,
Parkinson's disease, ischemic stroke, cerebral hemorrhage, traumatic brain injury, multiple sclerosis,
and epilepsy. Highly heterogeneous microglia exhibit diverse functions in these diseases and participate
in disease progression by exacerbating or inhibiting synaptic dysfunction, in addition to neuroimmune
and inflammation. In this article, we summarize the role of microglia on synapses under physiological
conditions and in CNS disorders. We highlight the possible mechanisms by which microglia
regulate synapse function in CNS disorders and how this affects the progression of the diseases. We
aim to explore potential therapeutic targets for CNS disorders.
The Use of Technology in Enhancing Nurses' Pain Management Competencies: A Narrative Review
Authors: Afolalu Olamide O. , Afolalu Adeniran S. , Akpor Oluwaseyi A.
Published: February 2025

Background:

Effective pain management is a critical aspect of nursing care, and technological advancements have the potential to improve nurses' competency in assessing, monitoring, and intervening as a strategy for improved patients' pain experiences and outcomes.

Objective:

This review aimed to explore various technologies employed in pain management, their implications on nurses' competencies, and the challenges and benefits associated with their implementation.

Methods:

Using keywords from relevant studies, we searched the following electronic databases for pertinent literature and freely accessible full text: PubMed, ScienceDirect, IEEE Xplore, and Google Scholar.

Results:

Findings from the literature provide valuable insights into the various technologies employed by nurses to assess pain, such as wearable technology, virtual reality, mobile applications, and telehealth platforms, that give nurses a chance to develop their expertise in pain management, put evidence-based interventions into practice, and track patient response to care. Additionally, the benefits of implementing technology applications in pain management, including its ability to broaden nurses’ knowledge, hone their decision-making skills, and customize patient care with the use of simulation platforms and remote monitoring tools, were identified. Furthermore, issues like technological literacy, time restraints, privacy concerns, and ethical considerations need to be addressed for the effective incorporation of technology into pain management procedures.

Conclusion:

To improve patient care and outcomes, nurses can use technology to improve their pain management skills by recognizing the possible benefits and resolving related problems. Conclusively, areas for future research and development and implications to nursing practice, education, and research were outlined.
Big Data Analytics and Machine Learning for Secure and Flexible Mobile Service towards Smart Utilities
Authors: Pradhan Devasis , Akhtar Tarique , Sahoo Amit Kumar
Published: February 2025

The proliferation of smart utilities has revolutionized the way we manage
essential services such as energy, water, and transportation. Mobile technologies play a
pivotal role in delivering these services efficiently. However, the sheer volume of data
generated by these systems poses significant challenges in terms of security, flexibility,
and overall performance. This research explores the synergy of Big Data Analytics and
Machine Learning (ML) to address these challenges. We investigate how these
technologies can enhance the security of mobile service infrastructures in smart
utilities, ensuring the protection of sensitive data and safeguarding against cyber
threats. Moreover, we explore the potential of ML algorithms to adapt and optimize
mobile service delivery, ensuring flexibility in response to changing demands and
environmental conditions. The study leverages real-world data from smart utility
deployments, applying advanced analytics techniques to extract valuable insights and
patterns. These insights enable the development of proactive security measures and the
creation of flexible, adaptive mobile service models. By harnessing the power of Big
Data Analytics and ML, we aim to create a foundation for smarter, more secure, and
highly responsive mobile services in the context of smart utilities, ultimately
contributing to the sustainable development of smart cities and communities.
Identification and Interconnection of Symptoms of Hypertension using Interpretive Structural Model: A Qualitative Survey
Authors: Ghate Varsha Umesh , Kadam Sachin , Ghate Umesh , Mukherjee Anupam , Patil Anita Sardar
Published: February 2025

Hypertension (HTN) is one of the major global public health maladies.
Equally, the impact on the incidence of hypertension in smart cities is increasing due to
the abundant use of electromagnetic fields like 5G. HTN may not have any warning
indications so the interconnection of its symptoms is crucial for early diagnosis and
management. Thus, in order to examine a set of symptoms and how they relate to one
another in HTN, the authors employed interpretive structural model (ISM). In the first
stage, the authors identified a total of 18 symptoms of hypertension by review. After an
interview with the expert panel, 17 additional symptoms were found in the second
stage. In the third stage, expert panel members were asked to rate the symptoms with a
score 1 to 4. The authors used an ISM in the fourth stage to develop a causality rulebase for the diagnosis of hypertension. Any combination of symptoms, such as 1.
Dizziness followed by a) Chest pain + Palpitation + Transient chest pain after exertion
/or, b) Headache + Fainting. 2. Headache followed by a) Chest pain + Palpitation +
Transient chest pain after exertion /or, b) Dizziness + Fainting. 3. Fainting followed by
a) Chest pain + Palpitation + Transient chest pain after exertion, /or, b) Dizziness +
Headache, may be used to identify hypertension. It was discovered that the presence of
nosebleed symptoms did not contribute to the hypertension diagnosis. Data analytics is
a common tool used by smart cities to enhance healthcare facilities. By contributing
insights into the early detection of hypertension throughout smart cities, the ISM model
can support data-driven decision-making and enhance the healthcare system.
TP53 Gain-of-Function Mutation and HighMethylation Status: Unveiling a Bleak Prognostic Molecular Subset in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Bhattacharya Sankha , Bhirud Darshan
Published: February 2025

Metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) poses a formidable challenge,
demanding accurate prognostic markers to guide personalized treatment. This chapter
explores the alliance between TP53 gain-of-function (GOF) mutations and high
methylation status in a distinct mCRC subset. TP53, known as the “guardian of the
genome”, and DNA methylation play pivotal roles in cancer progression. Recent
studies, exemplified by TRICOLORE, reveal the synergistic impact of TP53 GOF and
high methylation, leading to a significantly worse prognosis. The chapter navigates
promising directions, envisioning targeted therapies and precision immunotherapy,
leveraging the unique mutational landscape. Liquid biopsy emerges for real-time
monitoring, while practical implications emphasize biomarker validation, clinical trial
design, and ethical considerations. The TRICOLORE study serves as a beacon,
meticulously unraveling the dynamics of TP53 mutations and methylation in mCRC.
Survival analyses expose the grim reality of TP53 GOF mutations and highlight
distinctions between high- and low-methylated tumors. Subgroup analyses delve into
intricate prognostic factors, emphasizing the need for comprehensive assessments. The
chapter concludes with a call for personalized medicine, harnessing TP53 GOF-HMCC
insights for improved mCRC outcomes.
Update on Applications of Nanotheranostics for the Management of Cancer
Authors: Patil Jayesh , Pawde Datta Maroti , Bhattacharya Sankha , Shaikh Rehanoddin
Published: February 2025

This book chapter is a scientific compilation with an emphasis on recent
applications of nanotheranostics for the management of cancer. We will start with a
brief background of nanotheranostics for the management of cancer. Applications of
nanotheranostics in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer will be discussed in this book
chapter. Challenges and future perspectives will also be discussed.
Nanoparticle-Mediated Delivery of RNA-Based Therapeutics for Colon Cancer: Current Status and Future Prospects
Authors: Sharma Mayank , Dande Payal , Saraf Apeksha , Gawad Jineetkumar , Maheshwari Rahul , Ashique Sumel
Published: February 2025

Colon cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality globally, and the
available treatment options are often limited in their effectiveness. RNA-based
therapeutics hold promise as a novel approach for treating colon cancer. However, the
delivery of these therapeutics to cancer cells poses significant challenges.
Nanoparticles have emerged as a potential solution for the targeted delivery of RNAbased therapeutics to colon cancer cells. This chapter provides a comprehensive review
of the development of nanoparticles specifically designed for the delivery of RNAbased therapeutics in the context of colon cancer. The chapter highlights the advantages
offered by nanoparticle-based delivery systems, such as improved stability, protection
against degradation, and extended circulation time. Various types of nanoparticles
utilized for RNA delivery are discussed, including lipid-based nanoparticles, polymeric
nanoparticles, and inorganic nanoparticles. The challenges associated with
nanoparticle-based delivery, such as potential immunogenicity and toxicity, are also
addressed, emphasizing the need for further refinement and optimization. In
conclusion, the development of nanoparticle-based delivery systems holds significant
promise in overcoming the challenges associated with the delivery of RNA-based
therapeutics for colon cancer. This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of the
current state of research in this field and offers insights into future directions for
advancing nanoparticle-based delivery strategies in colon cancer therapy.
Polymeric Nanocarriers for Advanced Cancer Therapy: Current Developments and Future Prospects
Authors: Saraf Apeksha , Sharma Mayank
Published: February 2025

Cancer remains a formidable challenge in modern medicine, characterized
by the uncontrolled growth and proliferation of abnormal cells that form tumors, which
can infiltrate and damage healthy tissues. Metastasis, the spread of cancerous cells,
exacerbates the condition, affecting immune function and organ health. Various factors
contribute to cancer development, including lifestyle choices, genetics, and
environmental exposures. At the cellular level, cancer progression involves mutations,
survival mechanisms, invasion, and metastasis. Effective cancer treatment requires
targeted delivery of therapeutic agents to tumor sites while minimizing damage to
healthy tissues. Nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems offer promising solutions
to this challenge, leveraging the unique characteristics of nanoparticles to enhance drug
solubility, specificity, and efficacy. This abstract reviews the challenges in tumor
targeting and the rationale behind it, emphasizing the importance of understanding the
tumor microenvironment (TME) for developing effective strategies. The TME,
comprising various cellular and non-cellular components, influences tumor
progression, metastasis, and response to treatment. The enhanced permeation and
retention (EPR) effect exploits the abnormal vascular architecture of tumors, allowing
passive accumulation of nanocarriers in tumor tissues. Active targeting strategies
involve surface modifications of nanoparticles to enhance specificity for cancer cells,
improving drug delivery and reducing off-target effects. Polymeric nanocarriers offer
several advantages, including tumor targeting, enhanced bioavailability, and reduced
side effects, making them valuable tools in cancer therapy. Nanotechnology-based drug
delivery systems hold great promise for targeted cancer treatment by overcoming the
limitations of conventional therapies. Understanding tumor biology and exploiting the
unique features of nanoparticles can lead to innovative approaches for combating
cancer while minimizing adverse effects on healthy tissues.
Unravelling the Melanoma Maze: Biomarkers, Diagnosis, and Future Perspectives in Skin Cancer Management
Authors: Page Amit B. , Shinde Prafull
Published: February 2025

The present chapter gives an overview of the critical role of melanoma
biomarkers with regard to the improvement of diagnosis and treatment of melanoma in
the context of oncology. Melanoma is a very aggressive type of skin cancer that is
gaining growing incidence rates worldwide and hence requires an early diagnosis and
effective treatment. The background information provided in the introduction covers
almost everything concerning melanoma, its pathophysiology, and more importantly,
the dire need for reliable biomarkers for early diagnosis of melanoma, prognostication,
and monitoring therapeutic responses. The chapter presents a systematic overview of
melanoma biomarkers, classifying them in relation to their utility in different clinical
settings. Under genetic mutation biomarkers, it covers BRAF and NRAS, two genes of
importance for explaining the molecular mechanisms of melanoma progression.
Protein-based biomarkers include S100B and LDH, which are discussed in the context
of prognosis, especially at the advanced stages of the disease. Discussion focuses on
their incorporation into clinical practice in view of their role in advancing the
development of personalized medicine approaches, targeted therapies, and
immunotherapies for these diseases. This chapter is closed by a critical review of the
emerging biomarkers and future directions in melanoma research, underscoring that
new findings may radically alter the landscape of patient outcomes.
reading habit in students' reading comprehension
Authors: Napa-Rodríguez Briceida Marilú
Published: February 2025

The reading habit is related to cognitive and critical thinking skills that are essential for effective reading comprehension. The study aims to analyze the reading habit in reading comprehension, for this, the benefits of reading habits were identified, the strategies applied by teachers to strengthen reading comprehension were determined and the level of reading comprehension of the students was evaluated. A mixed approach, exploratory, inductive, and analytical, was used as a methodology, with survey, observation, and interview techniques to collect data from high school students and the Language and Literature teacher. The results showed that the majority of students have no major interest in reading and have limited reading comprehension skills. Likewise, it was concluded that the reading habit favors reading comprehension because it increases fluency, expands vocabulary, and improves inferential and critical comprehension.
Management of Atrial Fibrillation after Kidney Transplant: Do We Need a New Metric?
Authors: Bauza Maria V. Fonseca , Dubin Aimee H. , Agala Chris B. , Toledo Alexander H. , Szempruch Kristen R. , Gerber David A. , Rodriguez Pablo Serrano
Published: February 2025

To evaluate the bleeding risk associated with anticoagulation (AC) in kidney transplant patients with post-operative atrial fibrillation (AF). We conducted a retrospective analysis of all adult kidney transplant recipients performed from October 2012 to February 2019 at our institution, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, which accounted for 428 transplants. Variables assessed included AF occurrence, AC use, bleeding complications, stroke and bleeding risk stratification in AF (determined using CHA2DS2-VASc and HAS-BLED scores respectively), and renal function. Adjusted odds ratios, relative risk and linear estimates and their 95% confidence intervals and corresponding p-values were estimated to identify risk factors of interest using multivariate logistic regression and generalized linear and linear models. Of the 428 kidney transplant patients analyzed, 6.8% (n = 29) developed AF, and 51.7% (n = 15) of these patients received AC. Among those on AC, 73.3% (n = 11) experienced bleeding complications, and 36.4% (n = 4) required medical intervention. AC use was associated with higher odds of post-transplant interventions (OR = 4.62, 95% CI: 1.63-13.13, p = 0.0041), including a return to surgery (OR = 7.34, 95% CI: 2.32-23.25, p = 0.0007). Higher HAS-BLED scores correlated with increased odds of intervention (OR = 1.61, 95% CI: 1.1-2.36, p = 0.0143). Patients on AC also had higher creatinine levels at discharge and increased odds of delayed graft function (OR = 3.27, 95% CI: 1.45-7.35, p = 0.0042), longer hospital stays, and increased readmission rates. No patients developed a stroke during follow-up. Kidney transplant recipients with AF who receive AC face substantial bleeding risks. While CHA2DS2-VASc and HAS-BLED scores are valuable for assessing patients with AF, they may be inadequate for managing AF in post-kidney transplant or post-surgical settings. This study is the first to evaluate the risk of AC and early post-operative bleeding in kidney transplant recipients with new-onset AF.
Avances en el conocimiento y recomendaciones para el manejo integrado de la enfermedad Huanglongbing (HLB) en los cultivos de cítricos en Colombia
Authors: Kondo Takumasa , Murcia Riaño Nubia , Pérez-Artiles Lumey , Martínez Mauricio Fernando , Ríos-Rojas Liliana , Parra Fuentes Madeleyne , Guarín Juan Humberto , Carabalí-Muñoz Arturo , Orduz-Rodríguez Javier Orlando , Castillo Urquiza Gloria Patricia , Barreto-Rojas Juliene Andrea , Gómez-Correa Juan Camilo , Montes Rodríguez José Mauricio , Yacomelo Hernández Marlon José , Brochero-Bustamante Carlos Esteban , Burbano-Díaz Ronal Arturo , López Galé Yeison , Campos-Patiño Yenifer , Ramos-Portilla Andrea Amalia , Camelo-Martínez Catalina , Díaz-Niño María Fernanda
Published: February 2025

Esta publicación va dirigida principalmente a productores, administradores de fincas productoras y asistentes técnicos, con la intención de dar a conocer los resultados de investigación obtenidos por AGROSAVIA y el ICA sobre el manejo de Diaphorina citri y su implicación dentro de una estrategia de manejo integrado de la enfermedad HLB, que incorpora los principales componentes del MIP (identificación del riesgo, prevención del riesgo e intervención), utilizando herramientas de monitoreo de insecto vector, las diferentes prácticas de manejo del vector y manejo agronómico del cultivo con énfasis en la nutrición y el riego.

Con el uso de estas recomendaciones, es posible impactar la disminución de los niveles poblacionales de la plaga en fincas productoras. Esto contribuye a disminuir la dispersión de la enfermedad HLB, que es diseminada en campo principalmente por el insecto vector. Se hace énfasis en el uso de material vegetal de cítricos certificado como libre de la enfermedad, el reconocimiento del vector y los métodos de monitoreo, considerando el desarrollo fenológico de los brotes, así como las prácticas de manejo del vector con enemigos naturales a nivel de las fincas, las cuales permitan incrementar las poblacionales de los insectos benéficos para no depender del control químico. Ello regula y evita que aumenten las poblaciones de plagas en el cultivo de los cítricos. Adicionalmente, se recogen aspectos básicos de manejo agronómico del cultivo relacionados con el manejo eficiente del riego y la nutrición en la plantación, como elementos necesarios en el manejo de la enfermedad HLB.
Caracterización económica, social y técnica de productores de quinua (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) en el departamento del Cauca
Authors: Tarazona Velásquez Rubilma , Carabalí-Muñoz Arturo , Montes Prado Millerlandy , Canacuán Nasamues Doris Elisa , Fuentes Benítez Juan Carlos
Published: February 2025

Teniendo en cuenta la heterogeneidad social, técnica y económica que presentan los productores de quinua, se realizó un análisis econométrico del comportamiento de variables significativas para estimar su influencia en el sistema de producción, así como para visualizar la disposición y capacidad de adoptar y adaptar nuevas tecnologías a partir del potencial de cada uno de los productores. Como muestra representativa se tomaron 281 cultivadores de quinua en el departamento del Cauca para el año 2021. En la primera parte se realizó un análisis de adopción de tecnologías, desde la perspectiva del punto de eficiencia de los productores, en el que se muestran diferencias y la baja eficiencia en la producción de quinua. Teniendo en cuenta estas diferencias, se analizó el aporte de las variables sociales, económicas y técnicas ―vías de acceso, tipo de propiedad y experiencia en el cultivo― a la producción. Respecto a todo lo anterior, se agruparon los cultivadores por sus características en común para encontrar tipos de productores. Así, se puede observar una escasa participación en asociaciones, lo que se evidencia en la baja evaluación de las redes de apoyo formal profesional e informal organizado. Esta información permite un análisis más detallado para la toma de decisiones respecto al desarrollo de las comunidades campesinas productoras de quinua.
Effectiveness of AI for Enhancing Computed Tomography Image Quality and Radiation Protection in Radiology: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zhang Subo , Zhu Zhitao , Yu Zhenfei , Sun Haifeng , Sun Yi , Huang Hai , Xu Lei , Wan Jinxin
Published: February 2025

Background

Artificial intelligence (AI) presents a promising approach to balancing high image quality with reduced radiation exposure in computed tomography (CT) imaging.

Objective

This meta-analysis evaluates the effectiveness of AI in enhancing CT image quality and lowering radiation doses.

Methods

A thorough literature search was performed across several databases, including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Science Direct, and Cochrane Library, with the final update in 2024. We included studies that compared AI-based interventions to conventional CT techniques. The quality of these studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Random effect models were used to pool results, and heterogeneity was measured using the I² statistic. Primary outcomes included image quality, CT dose index, and diagnostic accuracy.

Results

This meta-analysis incorporated 5 clinical validation studies published between 2022 and 2024, totaling 929 participants. Results indicated that AI-based interventions significantly improved image quality (mean difference 0.70, 95% CI 0.43-0.96; P<.001) and showed a positive trend in reducing the CT dose index, though not statistically significant (mean difference 0.47, 95% CI –0.21 to 1.15; P=.18). AI also enhanced image analysis efficiency (odds ratio 1.57, 95% CI 1.08-2.27; P=.02) and demonstrated high accuracy and sensitivity in detecting intracranial aneurysms, with low-dose CT using AI reconstruction showing noninferiority for liver lesion detection.

Conclusions

The findings suggest that AI-based interventions can significantly enhance CT imaging practices by improving image quality and potentially reducing radiation doses, which may lead to better diagnostic accuracy and patient safety. However, these results should be interpreted with caution due to the limited number of studies and the variability in AI algorithms. Further research is needed to clarify AI’s impact on radiation reduction and to establish clinical standards.