bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Trinta e dois anos de História da Educação de jovens e adultos na Universidade Federal de Viçosa: o NEAD como espaço de formação docente
Authors: Porcaro Rosa Cristina
Published: February 2020

Este artigo apresenta um estudo sobre a história da Educação de Jovens e Adultos na Universidade Federal de Viçosa. Na década de 1980, a Associação de Servidores Administrativos da UFV reivindicou um espaço para a alfabetização dos funcionários. Esta reivindicação foi atendida em 1987, quando teve início o Projeto de Alfabetização de Adultos. Este projeto se tornou um Núcleo, que hoje atende a jovens, adultos e idosos da comunidade de Viçosa, e constitui-se um espaço de formação docente para licenciandos da UFV. Denomina-se Núcleo de Educação de Adultos (NEAd), onde atuam dez estagiários ao ano, tomando como base os pressupostos freireanos. Mediante as atuais preocupações com o cenário educacional, em especial com a EJA, surge o questionamento sobre o significado da existência do NEAd dentro de uma instituição de Ensino Superior como a UFV. Com o intuito de responder a esse questionamento, realizou-se uma pesquisa qualitativa, estabelecendo-se como objetivo central o resgate da história do NEAd, com base numa análise documental dos TCCs desenvolvidos sobre o Núcleo, tendo como base seus arquivos.
Aspectos da construção histórica da identidade da educação de jovens e adultos no Brasil e em Portugal: enfoque na agenda política e suas práticas discursivas
Authors: Machado Maria Margarida , Barros Rosanna
Published: February 2020

Esse artigo resulta das reflexões acerca da Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA) no Brasil e em Portugal, produzidas desde o ponto de vista da história e historiografia da educação. Identificamos que a identidade da EJA a nível acadêmico tem sido problemática, por um lado, devido à acentuada interdisciplinaridade do seu corpo teórico; e por outro lado, derivado também ao seu cariz fortemente direcionado para a prática e para a intervenção social, que implica um nível de atuação, participação e ingerência que não se ajusta ao tipo ideal de performance acadêmica. É neste sentido que a institucionalização acadêmica da área da EJA não representou a sua demarcação de facto enquanto disciplina autônoma, com uma identidade teórica específica, resultante de uma produção de conhecimento própria, mas constituiu, na essência, um ramo de aplicação disciplinar no âmbito geral da investigação educacional realizada. No entanto, há, uma identidade global na área da EJA que resulta da inter-relação do conjunto das suas três dimensões constituintes principais em necessária, contraditória e processual relação: o campo de práticas educativas; o campo de práticas de investigação; e o campo de práticas discursivas. Neste artigo focamo-nos, exclusivamente, no campo de práticas discursivas inerente à agenda política, e portanto, à ação do Estado a partir do advento da democracia quer no Brasil quer em Portugal.
Energy Resource of Charcoals Derived from Some Tropical Fruits Nuts Shells
Authors: Kongnine Damgou Mani , Kpelou Pali , Attah N’Gissa , Kombate Saboilliè , Mouzou Essowè , Djeteli Gnande , Napo Kossi
Published: February 2020

This work was focused on carbonizing four tropical fruits shells wastes such as: coconut shells (CS), palmyra shells (PS), doum palm shells (DPS), whole fruit of doum palm (WFDP) and teak wood (TW) used as control. The aim was to investigate the potential of those biochar to be used as an alternative energy source in replacement ofcharcoal. The raw biomasses samples were carbonized under the same conditions and some combustion characteristics of the obtained biochar such as lower calorific value, energy per unit volume associated to bulk density, ash content, moisture content and ash mineral content were investigated. The temperature in the furnace was estimated during carbonization process using a K-type thermocouple. The thermal profile of the studied raw biomasses reveals three phases of carbonization. The biochar yield drops significantly for all biomasses as the final maximum temperature increases. The average yields obtained ranged from 37.81 % for palmyra shells to 27.57 % for the doum palm shells. The highest yield achieved was 42.32 % obtained at 280 °C for palmyra shells, the lowest yield (24.42 %) was recorded at the highest maximum temperature of 590 ° C for doum palm shells. The results of energy parameters of the studied biochar showed that coconut shells charcoal presented the highest lower calorific value (28.059 MJ.kg-1), followed by doum palm shells (26.929 MJ.kg-1) when, with 25.864 MJ.kg-1, whole fruit of doum palm charcoal showed the lowest lower calorific value. Similarly, with the highest bulk density of 0.625 g/cm3 coconut shells charcoal presented the highest energy per unit volume (17536.88 J/cm3), whereas with the lowest bulk density of 0.415 g/cm3, whole fruit of doum palm charcoal presented the lowest energy per unit volume. The ash content analysis showed that whole fruit of doum palm had the highest ash content (18.75 %) and palmyra nut shells charcoal (8.42 %).Teak wood charcoal, took as control, has the highest lower calorific value (32.163 MJ.kg-1), less dense as coconut shell (0.43 g/cm3), his energy per unit of volume is 13830.09 j/cm3 but the lowest value of as content (2.90 %). Among these biomasses charcoals, only whole fruit of doum palm charcoal ash showed a high chloride and sulfide content respectively  9.73 % and 1.75 % in weight. From these results, the produced charcoals could be used as alternative fuels except for whole fruits of doum palm charcoal which chloride and sulfide content were found high. ©2020. CBIORE-IJRED. All rights reserved
Design and Speed Control of SynRM using Cascade PID Controller with PSO Algorithm
Authors: Alkhafaji Mohammed Ayad , Uzun Yunus
Published: February 2020

In recent years, the variable speed motor drive is supported over a fixed speed motor drive as per essentialness safeguarding, speed or position control and improvement of transient response characteristics. The aim of any speed controller is to take main signal that represent the reference speed and to drive the framework at that reference speed. This paper exhibits the design, simulation and control of synchronous reluctance motor (SynRM). In addition, the motor speed is controlled by utilizing a conventional PID controller that has been used from the cascaded structure. The Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) was used to find the best parameters of the PID controller. Lead-Lag controller presents from the cascaded controller as the following period of control. The Space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) plot has been proposed to control the motor and make the motor work with no rotor confine contingent upon the info parameters that utilization in the simulation. An examination between both of PID tuned and PSO tuned controller affirms that the PSO gives dazzling control highlights to the motor speed and have an edge over the physically changing controller. Thus, this paper present investigation and simulation for the most precise procedures to control the speed reaction and torque reaction of synchronous reluctance motor (SynRM).©2020. CBIORE-IJRED. All rights reserved
Winter wheat growing in Ukraine: ecological assessment of technologies by the influence on soil fertility
Authors: BONDAR Lera , MAKARENKO Nataliia
Published: February 2020

Modern technologies of winter wheat growing need to be improved taking into account the results of ecological evaluation of their impact on soil fertility indices. We aimed to assess the technologies of winter wheat growing in different soil and climatic conditions of Ukraine by their influence on soil fertility. It is known that in order to estimate ecological safety of crop growing technologies, it is advisable to use a method based on identifying negative impacts on soil fertility. We propose the group of deviation values from the optimum as follows: (i) strong, which leads to an unsatisfactory ecological condition (˃ 50 %), (ii) average that provides a satisfactory state (˃ 25 %, but ˂ 50 %), (iii) moderate, which provides a normal state (≤ 10 %, but ˂ 25 %), (iv) absent, an optimal condition is provided (˂ 10 %). It is revealed that technologies of winter wheat growing in the conditions of Polissya, Forest-steppe and Steppe Zones of Ukraine can have a negative influence on potassium regime in soils, the influence by intensity can vary from moderate to strong. In Polissya and Forest-steppe, winter wheat growing can lead to deterioration of soil pH status. In Steppe, along with the potassium regime, the technologies can negatively influence soil nitrogen status and the effect may be characterized as strong.
Extension of the Andersén–Lempert theory: Lie algebras of zero divergence vector fields on complex affine algebraic varieties
Authors: Donzelli Fabrizio
Published: February 2020

For a smooth manifold X equipped with a volume form, let 𝓛0 (X) be the Lie algebra of volume preserving smooth vector fields on X. Lichnerowicz proved that the abelianization of 𝓛0 (X) is a finite-dimensional vector space, and that its dimension depends only on the topology of X. In this paper we provide analogous results for some classical examples of non-singular complex affine algebraic varieties with trivial canonical bundle, which include certain algebraic surfaces and linear algebraic groups. The proofs are based on a remarkable result of Grothendieck on the cohomology of affine varieties, and some techniques that were introduced with the purpose of extending the Andersén–Lempert theory, which was originally developed for the complex spaces ℂ
n
, to the larger class of Stein manifolds that satisfy the density property.
A Priori Analysis of an Anisotropic Finite Element Method for Elliptic Equations in Polyhedral Domains
Authors: Li Hengguang , Nicaise Serge
Published: February 2020

Consider the Poisson equation in a polyhedral domain with mixed boundary conditions.
We establish new regularity results for the solution with possible vertex and edge singularities with interior data in usual Sobolev spaces

H
σ

{H^{\sigma}}

with

σ
∈

[
0
,
1
)

{\sigma\in[0,1)}

.
We propose anisotropic finite element algorithms approximating the singular solution in the optimal convergence rate.
In particular, our numerical method involves anisotropic graded meshes with fewer geometric constraints but lacking the maximum angle condition.
Optimal convergence on such meshes usually requires the pure Dirichlet boundary condition.
Thus, a by-product of our result is to extend the application of these anisotropic meshes to broader practical computations with the price to have “smoother” interior data.
Numerical tests validate the theoretical analysis.
Inhibition effect of the synergistic properties of 4-methyl-norvalin and 2-methoxy-4-formylphenol on the electrochemical deterioration of P4 low carbon mold steel
Authors: Loto Roland Tolulope , Ogaga Asamaige
Published: February 2020

Study of the synergistic inhibition properties of the combined admixture of 4-methyl-norvalin and 2-methoxy-4-formylphenol (non-toxic organic compounds) on the corrosion of P4 low carbon mold steel in 1.5 M H2SO4and HCl solution was performed with weight loss measurement, potentiodynamic polarization and optical microscopy analysis. Results obtained showed the inhibition efficiency of the admixed compound performed above the value for effective corrosion inhibition at very low concentrations in H2SO4solution. However, from mid concentration to the highest concentration studied, the inhibition efficiency of the compound was above 85% from electrochemical tests. In HCl solution the inhibition efficiency of the compound was well above 80% and 90% for weight loss and polarization tests at all concentration studied. Anodic corrosion inhibition mechanism was determined for the compound in H2SO4according to Freundlich and Frumkin adsorption isotherms due to weak Van der Waals attraction between the inhibitor molecules and the steel’s surface. The mechanism of corrosion inhibition in HCl was calculated to be cathodic type according to Langmuir isotherm model.Morphological images of inhibited and non-inhibited steel surfaces significantly contrast each other though the extent of deterioration was much severe for the steel from H2SO4solution.
On the solvability of the modified Cauchy problem for linear systems of generalized ordinary differential equations with singularities
Authors: Ashordia Malkhaz , Gabisonia Inga , Talakhadze Mzia
Published: February 2020

Effective sufficient conditions are given for the
unique solvability of the Cauchy problem for linear
systems of generalized ordinary differential equations with singularities.
Green synthesis of TiO2 nanoparticles from Syzygium cumini extract for photo-catalytic removal of lead (Pb) in explosive industrial wastewater
Authors: Sethy Naresh Kumar , Arif Zeenat , Mishra Pradeep Kumar , Kumar Pradeep
Published: February 2020

Green synthesis is a simple, non-toxic, economical and eco-friendly approach for the synthesis of nanoparticles. In the present work, nanoparticles of titanium dioxide (TiO2 NPs) were synthesized using an aqueous solution of Syzygium cumini leaf extract as a capping agent. These green synthesized TiO2 NPs were further evaluated for photo catalytic removal of lead from industrial wastewater. Obtained nanoparticles were characterized using: high-resolution scanning electron microscopy (HRSEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET). Obtained results revealed that synthesized TiO2 NPs possess spherical morphology with anatase phase with a large BET surface area of 105 m2/g. Photo catalytic studies of TiO2 NPs for lead removal from explosive wastewater were performed in a self-designed reactor. Inductive coupled plasma spectroscopy (ICP) was used to determine the lead concentration. Obtained results witnessed 75.5% removal in chemical oxygen demand (COD) and 82.53% removal in lead (Pb2+). This application of green TiO2 NPs is being explored for the first time.
Birth weight related blood concentrations of the neurotransmission amino acids glutamine plus glutamate, phenylalanine and tyrosine in full-term breastfed infants perinatally
Authors: Manta-Vogli Penelope D. , Schulpis Kleopatra H. , Loukas Yannis L. , Dotsikas Yannis
Published: February 2020

Background

The amino acids glutamine plus glutamate, phenylalanine and tyrosine are implicated in neurotransmission. We aimed to evaluate these amino acid blood concentrations in full-term breastfed infants with different birth weight (BW) perinatally.

Methods

Breastfed full-term infants (n = 6000, males 3000, females 3000) BW 2000–4000 g were divided into four equal groups. Both males and females Groups A, 2000–2500 g, B 2500–3000 g, C 3000–3500 g, D 3500–4000 g. Blood samples on Guthrie cards, were taken on the 3rd day of life and quantified via a liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method.

Results

Glutamine plus glutamate mean values were found to be statistically significantly different between males vs. females in all the studied groups. The highest values were determined in both males and females in group D. Statistically significantly higher values of phenylalanine appeared in group D vs. other groups. Tyrosine mean values were calculated to be statistically significantly different in both sexes in group A compared to other groups.

Conclusions

Differences of glutamine plus glutamate, phenylalanine and tyrosine levels among full-term newborns with different BW are presented for the first time in the literature. Newborns with BW 3000–4000 g are benefited by having higher concentrations of the mentioned neurotransmission related amino acids. Neonatal screening reference values for these amino acids in relation to BW could be established, not only for preterm and low BW infants but also for full-term newborns with BW >3000 g.
Trends in pediatric obesity management, a survey from the Pediatric Endocrine Society Obesity Committee
Authors: Shoemaker Ashley H. , Chung Stephanie T. , Fleischman Amy , _ _
Published: February 2020

Background

In the United States, 18.5% of children are obese. Dietary and lifestyle modifications are key, but often ineffective. There are limited approved pediatric pharmacotherapies. The objective of this study was to evaluate current treatment practices for pediatric obesity among members of the Pediatric Endocrine Society (PES, n = 1300) and the Pediatric Obesity Weight Evaluation Registry (POWER, n = 42) consortium.

Methods

A 10-question online survey on treatment of children with obesity in clinical practice was conducted.

Results

The response rates were 19% for PES and 20% for POWER members. The majority were female (65%) and board certified in pediatric endocrinology (81%). Most practitioners saw 5–10 patients with obesity/week and 19% prescribed weight-loss medications. POWER participants were more likely to prescribe weight-loss medications than PES participants (46% vs. 18%, p =  0.02). Metformin was the most commonly prescribed medication. Response to medication was poor. Use of dietary non-pharmacological treatment options was uncommon. Over half of the respondents (56%) referred patients for bariatric surgery and 53% had local access to pediatric bariatric surgery.

Conclusions

Metformin was the most common drug prescribed among respondents, but successful weight-loss responses were uncommon. Among practitioners who are using pharmacological interventions, therapeutic strategies vary widely. Targeted research in pharmacologic and surgical treatment for pediatric obesity is urgently needed.
Drug exposure during pregnancy and fetal cardiac function – a systematic review
Authors: Kolding Line , Eken Hilal , Uldbjerg Niels
Published: February 2020

Background

The aim of this systematic review was to describe the effects of drug exposure during pregnancy on fetal cardiac function.

Methods

We searched MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane and SCOPUS for studies assessing fetal cardiac function in drug-exposed human pregnancies. Risk of bias was assessed by the Risk Of Bias In Non-randomized Studies of Interventions (ROBIN-I) tool.

Results

We included 32 studies on eight different drug groups. They included 51 outcome variables, which were all based on ultrasound techniques primarily assessing systolic function: pulsed wave Doppler, tissue Doppler imaging (TDI), and B- and M-mode. Overall, the risk of bias was moderate. β2agonists increased the systolic velocity in the ductus arteriosus and the fetal heart rate. β-blockers caused unchanged or decreased systolic velocity of the pulmonary trunk. Corticosteroids increased the velocity in the ductus arteriosus. Furthermore, in growth-restricted fetuses with an increased myocardial performance index (MPI′) on the right side, corticosteroids normalized this variable. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), but not acetylsalicylic acid, increased the flow velocities in the ductus arteriosus, decreased the shortening fraction and increased the end-diastolic ventricular diameters. Metformin and insulin normalized the diastolic strain and global longitudinal strain in diabetic pregnancies. Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) exposure increased the E/A ratio on the right side, prolonged the isovolumic relaxation time (IRT) and ejection time, shortened the isovolumic contraction time (ICT), and decreased left myocardial systolic peak velocities. Chemotherapy did not cause detectable changes.

Conclusion

Six of the eight drug groups caused detectable changes in fetal cardiac function. However, the evidence was hampered by only a few studies for some drugs.
Recent advances in optical metasurfaces for polarization detection and engineered polarization profiles
Authors: Intaravanne Yuttana , Chen Xianzhong
Published: February 2020

Like amplitude, phase and frequency, polarization is one of the fundamental properties of light, which can be used to record, process and store information. Optical metasurfaces are ultrathin inhomogeneous media with planar nanostructures that can manipulate the optical properties of light at the subwavelength scale, which have become a current subject of intense research due to the desirable control of light propagation. The unprecedented capability of optical metasurfaces in the manipulation of the light’s polarization at subwavelength resolution has provided an unusual approach for polarization detection and arbitrary manipulation of polarization profiles. A compact metasurface platform has been demonstrated to detect polarization information of a light beam and to arbitrarily engineer a polarization profile that is very difficult or impossible to realize with conventional optical elements. This review will focus on the recent progress on ultrathin metasurface devices for polarization detection and realization of customized polarization profiles. Optical metasurfaces have provided new opportunities for polarization detection and manipulation, which can facilitate real-world deployment of polarization-related devices and systems in various research fields, including sensing, imaging, encryption, optical communications, quantum science, and fundamental physics.
Synthesis and crystal structure of 4,4′-di(4-pyridyl)-6,6′-di(tert-butyl)-2,2′-[propylenedioxybis(nitrilomethylidyne)]diphenol, C35H40N4O4
Authors: Mu Hao-Ran , Wang Ji-Fa , Bian Ruo-Nan , Dong Wen-Kui
Published: February 2020

C35H40N4O4, monoclinic, C2/c (no. 15), a = 29.1768(5) Å, b = 6.0734(1) Å, c = 18.0123(3) Å, β = 101.2260(10)°, Z = 4, V = 3130.75(9) Å3
R
gt(F) = 0.0422, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1185, T = 273(2) K.
Die strukturelle Besserung der Länderfinanzen in der Niedrigzinsphase: die trügerische Leichtigkeit des Scheins
Authors: Siemers Lars-H. , Gebhardt Heinz
Published: February 2020

Die Finanzlage der Bundesländer hat sich im laufenden Jahrzehnt aufgrund sehr günstiger Rahmenbedingungen erheblich verbessert. Die hohen rezessionsbedingten Defizite infolge der Wirtschafts- und Finanzkrise wurden rasch abgebaut, und seit 2014 erzielt die Ländergesamtheit steigende strukturelle Überschüsse. Im Jahr 2017 wiesen schon 14 Länder strukturell mindestens ausgeglichene Haushalte auf. In der aktuellen Niedrigzinsphase überzeichnet das vom Stabilitätsrat verwendete Verfahren zur Ermittlung der strukturellen Finanzlage jedoch die erzielten Konsolidierungsfortschritte und verdeckt den vielfach noch bestehenden Konsolidierungsbedarf – die „strukturelle“ Besserung der Länderfinanzen war wesentlich dem historisch niedrigen Zinsniveau zu verdanken und damit zum Teil nur temporärer Natur. Um die nachhaltigen Konsolidierungsfortschritte zu ermitteln, bereinigen die Autoren die Länderfinanzen daher nicht nur um konjunkturelle Einflüsse, sondern auch um die nur vorübergehenden Einsparungen beim Schuldendienst. Sie berechnen drei auf unterschiedlichen Annahmen zum nachhaltigen Zinsniveau basierende Szenarien und zeigen, dass 2017 nicht 14, sondern – je nach Szenario – nur acht bis zehn Länder einen strukturell mindestens ausgeglichenen Haushalt erzielten. Die verbleibenden Länder wiesen teilweise hohe strukturelle Fehlbeträge auf, so dass bei ihnen weiter Konsolidierungsbedarf besteht, um beim Start der „Schuldenbremse“ im Jahr 2020 strukturell ausgeglichene Haushalte zu erzielen. Die Autoren empfehlen, die Methoden zur Ermittlung der strukturellen Finanzlage um eine Bereinigung nicht nachhaltiger Einsparungen beim Schuldendienst zu erweitern.
SrPdGa3 type gallides RERhGa3 with RE=La, Ce and Pr
Authors: Seidel Stefan , Pöttgen Rainer
Published: February 2020

The ternary rare earth gallides RERhGa3 with RE = La, Ce and Pr were synthesized by arc-melting and subsequent annealing in a muffle furnace. The gallides were characterized through Guinier powder patterns and the structure of LaRhGa3 was refined from single-crystal X-ray diffraction data: SrPdGa3 type, Cmcm, a = 639.2(2), b = 1030.9(2), c = 589.3(2) pm, wR2 = 0.0964, 416 F
2 values and 19 variables. The rhodium and gallium atoms build up a three-dimensional polyanionic network [RhGa3] which is stabilized through Rh–Ga (245–251 pm) and Ga–Ga (267–295 pm) bonds and filled by the lanthanum atoms. The crystal chemical relationship with the structures of LaRh2Ge2 (ThCr2Si2 type), LaRh2Ga2 (CaBe2Ge2 type) and LaRhGe3 (BaNiSn3 type) is discussed.
Designing an Optimum Fiscal Policy for Tobacco to Maximise the Tax Revenue, Social Savings and the Net Monetary Benefits in Sri Lanka
Authors: Perera Sathira Kasun , Vaikuntam Bharat Phani , John Denny , Senanayake Buddhika
Published: February 2020

Background: Fiscal policy targeting tobacco control is identified as the most effective strategy for rapid control of tobacco use. An optimum fiscal policy to estimate the percentage taxation that will maximise the government tax revenue, social savings and the net monetary benefit has not been empirically designed before in Sri Lanka. Methods: A model was developed using Microsoft Excel 2016, utilizing up-to-date published evidence on the cigarette sales, current fiscal policy, social cost of tobacco use, consumer response and the price elasticity of cigarettes. Univariate estimates on the expected revenue from tobacco tax, average annual social savings and the net monetary benefit were predicted for different levels of tobacco taxation. A deterministic sensitivity analysis was performed covering all possibilities. The percentage taxation maximizing the government tax revenue and the net monetary benefit were identified. Results: It was estimated that a further 30% tax increase from the 2019 baseline will generate approximately LKR 3544 million per year of additional tax revenue for the government while saving LKR 28 069 million per annum as social savings. A fiscal elevation of 50% will produce identical annual tax revenue to that of 2018, while securing a social saving of more than LKR 47 600 million per annum. The maximum net monetary benefit is achievable at an overnight tax increase of 90% from the baseline, however with a short-term compromise in tax revenue. Conclusion: The well-defined thresholds take tobacco taxation advocacy in Sri Lanka a step forward and will assist the government in taking an informed decision on its fiscal policy for cigarettes.
Team-Based Integrated Knowledge Translation for Enhancing Quality of Life in Long-term Care Settings: A Multi-method, Multi-sectoral Research Design
Authors: Keefe Janice , Hande Mary Jean , Aubrecht Katie , Daly Tamara , Cloutier Denise , Taylor Deanne , Hoben Matthias , Stajduhar Kelli , Cook Heather , Bourgeault Ivy Lynn , MacDonald Leah , Estabrooks Carole A.
Published: February 2020

Multi-sectoral, interdisciplinary health research is increasingly recognizing integrated knowledge translation (iKT) as essential. It is characterized by diverse research partnerships, and iterative knowledge engagement, translation processes and democratized knowledge production. This paper reviews the methodological complexity and decision-making of a large iKT project called Seniors - Adding Life to Years (SALTY), designed to generate evidence to improve late life in long-term care (LTC) settings across Canada. We discuss our approach to iKT by reviewing iterative processes of team development and knowledge engagement within the LTC sector. We conclude with a brief discussion of the important opportunities, challenges, and implications these processes have for LTC research, and the sector more broadly
Implementation Research: An Efficient and Effective Tool to Accelerate Universal Health Coverage
Authors: Binagwaho Agnes , Frisch Miriam F. , Udoh Kelechi , Drown Laura , Ntawukuriryayo Jovial Thomas , Nkurunziza Dieudonné , Donahoe Kateri B. , Hirschhorn Lisa R.
Published: February 2020

Success in the implementation of evidence-based interventions (EBIs) in different settings has had variable success. Implementation research offers the approach needed to understand the variability of health outcomes from implementation strategies in different settings and why interventions were successful in some countries and failed in others. When mastered and embedded into a policy and implementation framework, the application of implementation research by countries can provide policy-makers and implementers with the knowledge necessary to work towards universal health coverage (UHC) with the effectiveness, efficiency, sustainability, and fidelity needed to achieve sustainable positive health outcomes for all. To achieve this goal however, work is needed by the communities of research producers and consumers to create more clarity on implementation research methodologies and to build capacity to apply them as a critical tool for countries on their path to achieving UHC.
„Heimat“ neu denken? „Heimat“ als umkämpfter Begriff im österreichischen Bundespräsidentschaftswahlkampf 2016
Authors: Hermann Andrea Tony
Published: February 2020

Der Begriff „Heimat“ wurde in Österreich lange insbesondere durch rechte und konservative PolitikerInnen besetzt. Mittlerweile ist der Begriff zunehmend umkämpft, da PolitikerInnen anderer Parteien versuchen, ihn mit alternativen Bedeutungen zu füllen. Vor diesem Hintergrund werden die Deutungsangebote für „Heimat“ im österreichischen Bundespräsidentschaftswahlkampf 2016 analysiert. Der Artikel greift hierfür auf diskurstheoretische Überlegungen und insbesondere Laclaus Konzept der „leeren Signifikanten“ zurück. Er rekonstruiert die Heimatverständnisse der Stichwahlkandidaten Van der Bellen und Hofer entlang ihrer räumlichen, zeitlichen, thematischen, normativen, emotionalen und symbolischen Bezüge sowie der dadurch bereitgestellten Identitätsangebote. Abschließend diskutiert der Artikel die Erkenntnisse in Bezug auf die Forschungsliteratur und mögliche (wahlkampf-)strategische Erwägungen.
The Autoethnographer’s Ball, 2040
Authors: Allen Mitchell
Published: February 2020

Patricia A. and Peter Adler’s 1999 article on The Ethnographer’s Ball, a hypothetical geography of the community of ethnographers, launched this exercise in futurist speculation. What will happen to autoethnography in the future? What historical trajectory will it take? The adherents of autoethnography—now in its ascendance as a research movement, particularly with the launch of its new journal—will likely follow one or another trajectory that previous intellectual communities have traced. This paper projects five potential scenarios for the future of autoethnography twenty years from now: from universal acceptance, to a narrowly defined community, to being hijacked by a future intellectual movement, to institutionalization within the academy, to complete disappearance. It compares these scenarios to the fates of other scholarly communities such as symbolic interaction, world-systems analysis, and social impact assessment.
NCOBPS Fifty Years
Authors: Daniels William J.
Published: February 2020

This personal narrative recounts the experiences of an NCOBPS founder, who discusses significant events in his life from student to faculty that motivated his professional journey, including his participation in the founding of NCOBPS. It reflects on what it meant to be a black student, and later, a black faculty member teaching at a predominantly white institution in the political science discipline in the 1960s. It also provides a glimpse into how the freedom movements shaped his fight for fundamental rights as a citizen. Finally, it gives credence to the importance of independent black organizations as agents for political protest and vehicles for economic and social justice.
Dilemas na dosagem de etanol post mortem em vítimas de acidentes de trânsito
Authors: Macedo Viviane Sesti , Souza E. , Velho S. N.
Published: February 2020

O álcool (etanol) é uma substância psicoativa presente em bebidas muito utilizadas pela sociedade desde tempos antigos até os dias atuais. Assim, é muito presente no organismo dos envolvidos nos acidentes de trânsito com vítimas fatais. A análise de sua concentração na vítima é realizada por peritos, no entanto, possui muitos paradoxos quanto à sua verossimilhança. Metodologia: foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica acerca de conceitos toxicológicos, diferenças de amostras utilizadas, de principais metabólitos do álcool e de aspectos de valores do mesmo nos acidentes de trânsito, visando ilustrar os dilemas enfrentados pelos profissionais forenses no dia a dia. Conclusão: O procedimento analítico adotado pelo perito é variante conforme a cena do acidente, demandando uma completa análise das informações e amostras disponíveis – visando a descoberta de um valor genuíno, o qual será utilizado pelos órgãos governamentais.
A Estatura como Traço Biométrico Auxiliar na Identificação de Autores de Delito – Aplicação de Metodologia Forense de Estimativa de Altura Humana em Vídeos de Sistema de Vigilância
Authors: Gonçalves Júnior Admilson , Pedrini Hélio
Published: February 2020

A necessidade de estabelecimento da identificação de indivíduos fomentou o uso da biometria em diferentes aplicações, dentre elas, as forenses. As aplicações forenses de biometria envolvem problemas de determinação de fonte ou de origem, em que o perito criminal oficial é inquirido a responder, por meio do cotejo entre materiais padrão (obtido do suspeito) e questionados (vestígios), se o suspeito é ou não a fonte do vestígio. Em geral, exames de determinação de fonte caracterizam-se por analisar um determinado traço biométrico tradicional – como morfologia da face ou voz. Esses traços biométricos, além de possuírem graus de distinção diferentes, podem ser insuficientes ou estar indisponíveis em um material questionado, de forma a limitar ou até mesmo inviabilizar a análise pericial. O uso de informações auxiliares – como a altura – podem complementar as informações de um indivíduo, elevando a precisão no estabelecimento de sua identificação. Entretanto, estas características auxiliares – denominadas de biometria branda – são úteis quando utilizadas ponderada e complementarmente aos identificadores biométricos tradicionais. Este artigo apresenta uma metodologia de estimativa de altura em vídeos que não necessita de cenas geometricamente estruturadas. Para demostrar a efetividade da solução, um estudo de caso foi apresentado com o propósito de verificar se o autor do homicídio e o suspeito eram ou não a mesma pessoa. A qualidade do material questionado permitiu extrair duas características convergentes entre eles: compleição e formato/dimensão do dorso nasal. Para complementar as convergências, estimou-se a estatura do autor, fato que elevou o grau de plausibilidade de ambos serem a mesma pessoa.
Insetos “Peritos” – A Entomologia Forense no Brasil
Authors: Santos Anderson Eduardo dos , Santos Marcelle Pereira dos
Published: February 2020

O livro Insetos “Peritos” – A Entomologia Forense no Brasil” Contribui para divulgação de pesquisas na área da entomologia forense, explicando as principais técnicas, procedimentos e ferramentas utilizadas. Além disso, explana sobre a Estimativa do Intervalo Pós Morte (IPM), reconstituição de movimentação de veículos e a utilização de técnicas que permitem a identificação de autoria de crimes por meio de sangue ingeridos por insetos.
Perfil epidemiológico das vítimas de violência sexual envolvendo Drogas Facilitadoras de Crime (DFCs)
Authors: Marton Ricardo , De Oliveira Caio Augusto , Izar Maria Júlia Trentini , Miranda Nadyn El Hassan , Gianvecchio Victor Alexandre Percinio , Gianvecchio Daniele Muñoz , Itri Fernando Pericário
Published: February 2020

O uso de Drogas Facilitadoras de Crimes (DFCs) tornou-se um exercício comum entre criminosos, viabilizando o ato sexual de maneira que haja pouca ou nenhuma resistência por parte da vítima. Diante disso, objetivou-se, por meio de registros de crimes sexuais envolvendo submissão química, correlacionar esse tipo de violência com as características epidemiológicas. Trata-se de um estudo retrospectivo, transversal, e documental elaborado através do levantamento de dados, do período de 2016 a 2017, oriundos de laudos toxicológicos de crimes relacionados ao uso de DFCs realizados pelo Núcleo de Toxicologia Forense do Instituto Médico Legal do Estado de São Paulo (NTF-IML/SP). O estudo demonstrou que as vítimas de crimes sexuais associados a substâncias psicoativas são majoritariamente mulheres jovens que sofreram violência sexual no centro da cidade de São Paulo. A análise dos laudos toxicológicos evidenciou que o álcool etílico foi o psicoativo mais empregado, isolado ou associado a outros psicoativos, na prática criminosa. A metoclopramida e o delta 9- tetraidrocanabinol (D9-THC), isolados ou associados a substâncias psicoativas, também são frequentemente utilizados para tal fim. A correlação entre os resultados é fraca para indicar qualquer relação direta entre as variáveis, porém, o resultado do exame toxicológico correlacionado com o sexo das vítimas foi a evidência mais significativa.
The Implementation and Improvisation of Islamic School Curriculum in Buddhist Country
Authors: Wijayanti Fantri Agustin , Widhanarto Ghanis Putra
Published: February 2020

Thailand is one of the greatest Buddhist country in Southeast Asia, therefore the Buddhism values and culture inevitably intervene education, including the curriculum. It is interesting to investigate how Islamic school arranges and develops its own curriculum in order to balance the national interest influenced by Buddhism and the Islamic belief, values, and culture owned by the school in Thailand. This article tries to illustrate Anuban Islam Songkhla School as one of the Islamic schools adapts the national educational policy and arranges their curriculum rooted on Islamic vision. This research found that Songkhla School does not implement all policy endorsed by the government officially due to its incompatibility with the Islamic vision of the school.   

Abstrak

Thailand adalah salah satu negara Budha terbesar di Asia Tenggara, oleh karena itu nilai-nilai dan budaya Budha tak terelakkan lagi pasti mengintervensi dunia pendidikannya, termasuk kurikulumnya. Sangat menarik untuk menyelidiki bagaimana sekolah Islam di Thailand mengatur dan mengembangkan kurikulumnya sendiri untuk menyeimbangkan kepentingan nasional yang dipengaruhi oleh agama Budha dengan ajaran, nilai-nilai, dan budaya Islam yang dimiliki oleh sekolah tersebut. Artikel ini mencoba menggambarkan Sekolah Songkhla Islam Anuban sebagai salah satu sekolah Islam yang mengadaptasi kebijakan pendidikan nasional dalam upaya menyusun kurikulum mereka sendiri yang berakar pada visi-visi keislaman. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa Sekolah Songkhla tidak menerapkan semua kebijakan yang diberlakukan oleh pemerintah secara resmi, karena memang pada dasarnya tidak semuanya kompatibel dengan visinya sebagai sekolah Islam.
Developing Augmented Reality-based Learning Media to Improve Student Visual Spatial Intelligence
Authors: Wahyudi Urip Muhayat Wiji , Arwansyah Yanuar Bagas
Published: February 2020

This article illustrates an effort to create a learning media based on Augmented Reality (AR) to improve student visual spatial intelligence. This type of intelligence is important for student to understand such subjects or topics like spaces, because to completely understand the image student should imagine the object’s shape and space. The lack of learning media in many schools caused the lack of student understanding toward the topic. According to the problem above, this research employing Research & Development (R & D) approach to develop AR-based learning media to facilitate 6th grade student to learn solar system more visually. The post-test has shown that there is an increased number of student visual spatial intelligence, especially on solar system topic. So, it can be concluded that AR-based learning media has huge potential to facilitate student to learn such topics related to space and the like.  

Abstrak

Artikel ini menggambarkan upaya pengembangan media pembelajaran berbasis Augmented Reality (AR) untuk meningkatkan kecerdasan spasial visual siswa. Jenis kemampuan ini penting bagi siswa untuk memahami subjek atau topik yang berkaitan dengan konsep ruang, karena untuk sepenuhnya memahami gambar, siswa harus membayangkan bentuk dan ruang dari objek tersebut. Kurangnya media pembelajaran di banyak sekolah menyebabkan kurangnya pemahaman siswa tentang topik tersebut. Berdasarkan masalah di atas, penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan Research & Development (R & D) untuk mengembangkan media pembelajaran berbasis AR untuk memfasilitasi siswa kelas 6 belajar tata surya secara lebih visual. Hasil post-test telah menunjukkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan kemampuan spasial visual siswa, terutama pada topik tata surya. Jadi, dapat disimpulkan bahwa media pembelajaran berbasis AR memiliki potensi besar untuk memfasilitasi siswa mempelajari topik-topik yang berkaitan dengan ruang dan sejenisnya.
Glutamine metabolism in the proliferation of GS-expression pituitary tumor cells
Authors: Hu Jintao , Chen Qingbo , Ding Xiao , Zheng Xin , Tang Xuefeng , Li Song , Yang Hui
Published: February 2020

Objective

Many cancer cells cannot survive without exogenous glutamine (Gln); however, cancer cells expressing glutamine synthetase (GS) do not have this restriction. Previous metabolomics studies have indicated that glutamine metabolism is altered during pituitary tumorigenesis. However, the main role of Gln in pituitary adenoma (PA) pathophysiology remains unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of GS and the main role of Gln in human PAs.

Methods

We used cell proliferation assay and flow cytometry to assess the effect of Gln depletion on three different pituitary cell lines and human primary PA cells. We then investigated the expression level of Gln synthetase (GS) in 24 human PA samples. At last, we used LC-MS/MS to identify the differences in metabolites of PA cells after the blockage of both endogenous and exogenous Gln.

Results

PA cell lines showed different sensitivities to Gln starvation, and the sensitivity is correlated with GS expression level. GS expressed in 21 out of the 24 human PA samples. Furthermore, a positive p53 and ki-67 index was correlated with a higher GS expression level (P < 0.05). Removal of both endogenous and exogenous Gln from GS-expressing PA cells resulted in blockage of nucleotide metabolism and cell cycle arrest.

Conclusions

Our data indicate that GS is needed for PA cells to undergo proliferation during Gln deprivation, and most human PA cells express GS and might have a negative response to exogenous Gln depletion. Moreover, Gln is mainly responsible for nucleotide metabolism in the proliferation of GS-expressing pituitary tumor cells.
HEREDITARY ENDOCRINE TUMOURS: CURRENT STATE-OF-THE-ART AND RESEARCH OPPORTUNITIES: MEN1-related pancreatic NETs: identification of unmet clinical needs and future directives
Authors: Pieterman C R C , Sadowski S M , Maxwell J E , Katz M H G , Lines K E , Heaphy C M , Tirosh A , Blau J E , Perrier N D , Lewis M A , Metzcar J P , Halperin D M , Thakker R V , Valk G D
Published: February 2020

The PanNET Working Group of the 16th International Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Workshop (MEN2019) convened in Houston, TX, USA, 27–29 March 2019 to discuss key unmet clinical needs related to PanNET in the context of MEN1, with a special focus on non-functioning (nf)-PanNETs. The participants represented a broad range of medical scientists as well as representatives from patient organizations, pharmaceutical industry and research societies. In a case-based approach, participants addressed early detection, surveillance, prognostic factors and management of localized and advanced disease. For each topic, after a review of current evidence, key unmet clinical needs and future research directives to make meaningful progress for MEN1 patients with nf-PanNETs were identified. International multi-institutional collaboration is needed for adequately sized studies and validation of findings in independent datasets. Collaboration between basic, translational and clinical scientists is paramount to establishing a translational science approach. In addition, bringing clinicians, scientists and patients together improves the prioritization of research goals, assures a patient-centered approach and maximizes patient involvement. It was concluded that collaboration, research infrastructure, methodologic and reporting rigor are essential to any translational science effort. The highest priority for nf-PanNETs in MEN1 syndrome are (1) the development of a data and biospecimen collection architecture that is uniform across all MEN1 centers, (2) unified strategies for diagnosis and follow-up of incident and prevalent nf-PanNETs, (3) non-invasive detection of individual nf-PanNETs that have an increased risk of metastasis, (4) chemoprevention clinical trials driven by basic research studies and (5) therapeutic targets for advanced disease based on biologically plausible mechanisms.
Que futuro para o euro?
Authors: Sanchis i Marco Manuel
Published: February 2020

A crise do euro fíxose visible tras o estoupido das turbulencias nos mercados finan-ceiros durante o verán de 2007. A crise global deixou en interdito algúns dos dogmas mantidos polos defensores do capitalismo libertario, como a eficiencia dos mercados financeiros. A dife-renza do que ocorreu en EE.UU., onde houbo diversas quebras bancarias, a Unión Europea tomou medidas de recapitalización do sector bancario, estimulou a economía con medidas fis-cais e con axudas a empresas e familias, e construíu un armazón institucional para mellorar o marco regulador e de supervisión financeira. A crise bancaria e financeira foi seguida, como de costume, dunha crise de débeda. Nos sucesivos cumios europeos dos anos 2010 e 2011 acele-rouse a constitución de fondos e de mecanismos de rescate para financiar os países en dificul-tades, e evitar así o efecto contaxio. A atención política focalizouse neses fondos, encubriu a natureza política da crise e ocultou os desequilibrios dos tipos de cambio e da balanza de pa-gamentos na eurozona. A súa corrección require transferencias de capital a través do orzamen-to europeo cara aos países periféricos, desvalorizacións internas nos países periféricos e reva-lorizacións internas nos países centrais, e sobre todo en Alemaña.
Os desequilibrios por conta corrente e a crise na eurozona
Authors: Frías Pinedo Isidro , Díaz Vázquez Rosario , Iglesias Casal Ana
Published: February 2020

Neste traballo estudamos os factores que determinan a sostibilidade dos déficits co-rrentes na área euro e a súa vinculación coa crise, centrándonos en especial en España. A estimación das ecuacións de comercio exterior españolas mostran unha situación sostible dos déficits que poderían terse alcanzado diminuíndo o diferencial de crecemento entre España e os seus socios, especialmente a través de dúas vías: en primeiro lugar, cunha actuación concertada na Unión Monetaria Europea (UME) que aumentase a demanda agregada nos países centrais por riba dos periféricos, aliviando as presións da crise; e, en segundo lugar, cunha redu-ción do compoñente procíclico introducido polas variables monetarias e crediticias.
Leccións da crise. Cara un novo enfoque na análise do proceso de endebedamento empresarial
Authors: Álvarez García Begoña , Boedo Vilabella Lucía , Lagoa Varela Dolores
Published: February 2020

Un dos aspectos cruciais da actual crise é o excesivo endebedamento adquirido polos diversos axentes da economía. Chama a atención que no período de expansión, no que a dé-beda asumida ía aumentando, non se alertara de forma perceptible desde os ámbitos académi-co, institucional e divulgativo sobre o risco que se estaba asumindo e as súas consecuencias. Isto permite concluír que unha das leccións da crise é que o tratamento do estudo do proceso de endebedamento non foi o adecuado. Neste traballo descríbense os diferentes enfoques des-de os que se analizou o endebedamento e séntanse as bases para propoñer un novo enfoque que integra e amplía os anteriores. O traballo finaliza coa presentación dun estudo empírico so-bre a evolución temporal do endebedamento empresarial en España e a súa comparación con diversos países da súa contorna.