bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Análisis de los factores asociados a la deserción y graduación estudiantil universitaria
Authors: Castaño Vélez Elkin , Gallón Gómez Santiago , Gómez Portilla Karoll , Vásquez Velásquez Johana
Published: December 2022

Las altas tasas de deserción y bajas tasas de graduación se han convertido en un asunto de creciente interés para las instituciones de educación superior y las autoridades educativas. A partir de 2003, la Universidad de Antioquia inició un proceso de identificación de los principales factores asociados a dicho fenómeno. En este artículo se presenta el análisis sobre los determinantes de la deserción y graduación en dos de sus facultades, realizado a partir de la aplicación de los modelos de riesgo proporcional de Prentice y Gloeckler (1978) y Meyer (1990), en tiempo discreto. Los resultados confirman el impacto conjunto que tienen los factores individuales, socioeconómicos, académicos e institucionales sobre la deserción y la graduación.   Palabras clave: riesgo proporcional, modelo de duración en tiempo discreto, heterogeneidad no observada, censuramiento, deserción y graduación estudiantil. Clasificación JEL: C41, C24, I2.   Abstract:   High drop-out rates and low graduation rates have become an issue of growing interest for higher education institutions and academic authorities. Since 2003, the University of Antioquia started a process of identification of the main factors associated with this phenomenon. This article presents an analysis of the determinants of drop-out and graduation in two of its schools, carried out by an application of the proportional hazards models of R. Prentice, L. Gloeckler, and B. Meyer set in discrete time. The results confirm the joint impact of individual, socioeconomic, academic, and institutional factors over the risk of dropping out and graduating.   Keywords: proportional risk, discrete time duration model, non-observed heterogeneity, censorship, student desertion and graduation. JEL classification: C41, C24, I2.   Résumé :   Un sujet de préoccupation croissante dans les institutions d’éducation supérieure porte sur le taux élevé de désertion scolaire ainsi que sur le faible taux d’obtention des diplômes. L’Université d’Antioquia a entamé depuis l’année 2003 une étude qui cherche à identifier les principaux éléments associés à ce phénomène. Dans cet article, nous présentons les facteurs qui sont à l’origine de ces deux problèmes au sein des deux unités de formation académiques de cette université. Pour ce faire, nous utilisons deux modèles à risque proportionnel en temps discret, celui de R. Prentice et L. Gloeckler et celui de B. Meyer. Les résultats de cette étude signalent l’impact simultané des facteurs socio-économiques, académiques et institutionnels sur la désertion et sur l’échec scolaire.   Mots clés: risque proportionnel, modèles à temps discret, hétérogénéité non observée, désertion scolaire, échec scolaire. Classification JEL: C41, C24, I2.
El pass through de la tasa de cambio a los precios del consumidor de bienes transables: una aproximación al caso colombiano
Authors: Jiménez Dora Elena , Rendón Hernando
Published: December 2022

Este trabajo estima el efecto transmisión de la tasa de cambio a los precios del consumidor de bienes transables en Colombia para el periodo 1994-2007. El análisis econométrico encuentra cointegración entre los precios de los transables, la tasa de cambio nominal, los precios externos y el ratio de la cuenta comercial respecto al producto. Se encuentra la presencia de un efecto transmisión incompleto de la tasa de cambio, tanto en el largo como en el corto plazo. Palabras claves: efecto transmisión, precio de bienes transables, tasa de cambio, inflación. Clasificación JEL: E31, F00, F10. Abstract: This paper estimates the exchange rate pass through to the consumer prices of tradable goods in Colombia during the period 1994-2007. The econometric analysis shows evidence of cointegration among the prices of tradable goods, nominal exchange rate, international prices and the trade account-output ratio. We find an incomplete transmission effect of the exchange rate both in the long and in the short run. Keywords: Pass through effect, prices of tradable goods, exchange rate, inflation. Classification: JEL E31, F00, F10. Résumé: Cet article fait l´estimation de l´effet de transmission du taux de change sur les prix à la consommation de biens échangeables en Colombie pendant la période 1994-2007. Nous montrons que sur le période considérée il existe cointégration entre les prix de biens échangeables, le taux de change nominal, les prix externes et le ratio balance commerciale-produit. Les résultats montrent un effet de transmission incomplet du taux de change aussi bien à courte terme que sur le long terme. Most clé: effet de transmission, prix des biens échangeables, taux de change, inflation. Classification JEL: E31, F00, F10
Sesgos en estimación, tamaño y potencia de una prueba sobre el parámetro de memoria larga en modelos ARFIMA
Authors: Castaño Vélez Elkin , Gallón Gómez Santiago Alejandro , Gómez Portilla Karoll
Published: December 2022

Castaño et al. (2008) proponen una prueba para investigar la existencia de memoria larga, basada en el parámetro de diferenciación fraccional de un modelo ARFIMA (p, d, q); se muestra que al usar una aproximación autorregresiva de orden igual al entero más próximo a p* = T1/3 para la componente de memoria corta, la prueba de la hipótesis nula de memoria corta contra la alternativa de memoria larga tiene, en general, mayor potencia que algunas otras pruebas conservando un tamaño adecuado. Este estudio muestra los sesgos generados en la estimación del parámetro d y su efecto sobre la potencia y tamaño de la prueba, cuando se ignora la componente de corto plazo y cuando se emplean modelos que no la aproximan adecuadamente. Adicionalmente, se analiza si los resultados obtenidos por Castaño et al. (2008) pueden mejorarse empleando una aproximación autorregresiva diferente.
¿Cuán rentable es la educación superior en Colombia?
Authors: Hernández Gustavo Adolfo
Published: December 2022

En este trabajo se analiza la rentabilidad de la educación superior en Colombia, particularmente, la hipótesis de screening, esto es, la importancia del capital humano adquirido. Se utilizó una nueva base de datos para la educación superior, la cual ha sido construida a partir de los registros administrativos de las instituciones de educación superior, y es cruzada con la base de aportantes de seguridad social. Se encuentra que el mercado laboral colombiano valora mucho la institución de la cual se gradúa el individuo, seguido por la elección de la carrera. Adicionalmente, la experiencia lograda posterior a la graduación tiene una mayor rentabilidad que la experiencia independiente de la clase de capital humano adquirido.
Wage Adjustment Practices and the Link between Price and Wages: Survey Evidence from Colombian Firms
Authors: Iregui Ana , Melo Ligia , Ramírez María
Published: December 2022

This paper explores firms’ wage adjustment practices in the Colombian formal labor market; specifically, the timing and frequency of wage increases, as well as the link between wage and price changes. We use a survey of 1,305 firms belonging to all economic sectors. The results show that most firms adjust base wages annually, increases were concentrated around observed inflation and none of the firms cut wages. Moreover, factors associated with the performance of firms and workers alike are the main determinants of wage adjustments. The link between wages and price changes is stronger in sectors where labor costs represent a higher share of total costs and in firms operating in sectors with higher labor productivity.
Disposición a pagar por reducir el tiempo de viaje en Tunja (Colombia): Comparación entre estudiantes y trabajadores con un modelo logit mixto
Authors: Márquez Luis
Published: December 2022

El estudio analiza la diferencia en la disposición a pagar de estudiantes y trabajadores por reducir el tiempo de viaje, en un contexto de elección de modo de transporte para la ciudad de Tunja (Colombia). Se utilizó un modelo logit mixto, calibrado con datos provenientes de una encuesta de preferencias declaradas. La especificación del modelo supuso la variación aleatoria de los coeficientes del tiempo de acceso, tiempo de espera y tiempo de viaje. Se encontró que la disposición a pagar por reducir el tiempo de viaje es de 38.14 $/min para estudiantes, siendo 23% mayor para trabajadores de menor ingreso y 73% mayor para los trabajadores de mayor ingreso. Se determinó que el valor del tiempo de espera es 1.95 veces mayor que el tiempo viaje, en tanto que el tiempo de acceso mantiene una relación de 1 a 2.57 con respecto al tiempo de viaje, la cual se considera válida únicamente para el contexto estudiado.
Reduction of matrix effects in pesticide residue analysis in food by programmable temperature vaporizer
Authors: AHUMADA FORIGUA Diego Alejandro , GUERRERO DALLOS Jairo Arturo
Published: December 2022

Background: The phenomenon known as the “matrix-induced chromatographic response enhancement” commonly affects the sensibility, precision, and accuracy in pesticide residue analysis. The presence of matrix effects can be given by adsorption and/or thermal decomposition of pesticides on the gas chromatograph injection port. Objective: To reduce the matrix-induced chromatographic response enhancement on pesticide residues analysis in food through the use of several operational modes of programmable temperature vaporizer inlet. Methods: The analyses were carried out in potato (Solanum tuberosum) extracts by gas chromatography with mass spectrometry detector. In this study, four programmable temperature vaporizer splitless modes were investigated: hot, pulsed, cold and solvent vent. Another topic developed in this study has to do with the influence of injection volume, assessed for the matrix effects. Results: The analysis of variance (ANOVA) (α = 0.05) indicates that when the hot splitless is used most compounds are subjected to matrix-induced chromatographic response enhancement. Furthermore, with the pulsed splitless, a decrease in the number of compounds with matrix-induced chromatographic response enhancement was found, approximately 20% compared to the classic hot splitless. Finally, a remarkable decrease in matrix-induced effects was found when cold splitless mode was used, since there was up to 55% reduction in the compounds, relative to traditional hot splitless, that showed statistical differences between responses in matrix-free standards and matrix-matched standards. Conclusions: It was found that the use of conventional hot splitless and pulsed splitless modes caused matrix-induced effects in more than 70% of the studied compounds. In addition, the results indicate that for most compounds there is an inverse relationship between matrix-induced chromatographic response enhancement and the volume of injection.
Hepatoprotective effect of calyces extract of Physalis peruviana in hepatotoxicity induced by CCl4 in wistar rats
Authors: TORO ARANGO Reina Marcela , ARAGÓN N. Diana Marcela , OSPINA G. Luis Fernando
Published: December 2022

Background: Physalis peruviana (“uchuva”, Solanaceae) is a widespread species of the South American Andes and widely used in traditional medicine. Its fruits are consumed as food and for the treatment of diabetes. The juice of Physalis peruviana fruits is topically applied in the eyes for pterigyum treatment. Previous works reported that the fruit extracts has modulating activity of oxidative stress in experimental diabetes models induced by streptozotocin. It has been attributed antipyretic, antimicrobial, analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties to the calyces enveloping the fruit. Reported literature demonstrates in vivo and in vitro that different calyx’s extracts have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Objectives: To evaluate the in vivo hepatoprotective effect of the extract of Physalis peruviana calyces, involving inflammation and oxidative stress models at hepatic level. Methods: Hepatotoxicity was induced by single oral administration of CCl4 (2 mL / Kg in olive oil) in Wistar rats. Physalis peruviana extract (250 mg/Kg) and silymarin (200 mg/Kg), used as control drug, were administrated twice a day for five days. At the end of the experiment, animals were euthanized and the liver enzymes alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase were measured as well as some parameters of hepatic antioxidant status like superoxide dismutase and catalase activities, protein oxidation and lipid peroxidation. Results: Extract of Physalis peruviana calyces inhibited significantly (p < 0.001) liver oxidative stress caused by CCl4, maintaining superoxide dismutase and catalase activities close to normal. Studied extract also reduced significantly liver enzymes levels increased by CCl4 administration. Conclusion: It was suggested that the extract of Physalis peruviana calyces presents a hepatoprotective effect related to its antioxidant activity, especially regarding to lipid peroxidation inhibition.
The use of natural antioxidants (oregano and sage) to reduce hexanal production in precooked chicken during chill storage
Authors: MARQUES PINO Lilian , CAVALEIRO Carlos , CASTILHO PhD Maria da Conceição , BISMARA REGITANO D´ARCE PhD Marisa Aparecida , DA SILVA TORRES Elizabeth Aparecida , RAMOS Fernando
Published: December 2022

Background: The properties of plants with food preservation potential are well known since the antiquity. In recent years, the use of herbs and spices to improve the sensory characteristics and to extend the shelf-life of foods has been growing. Objectives: To compare oregano (Origanum vulgare L.) and sage (Salvia officinalis L.) as a natural antioxidant in balls of chicken breast and added 0.50% salt. Methods: Samples of chicken meatballs were pre-cooked for 8 minutes in a water bath at 80º C, and packaged in polyethylene bags with three layers, specific for vacuum cooking and high temperatures. The samples were separated into three groups: control (just salt), 0.10% oregano (dry plant) and sage 0.10% (dry plant), stored at -20º C for 144 hours. The tests to verify the formation of hexanal in samples were performed in the period of 0, 48, 96 and 144 hours of refrigerated storage. The determination of hexanal, extracted by micro-extraction (headspace solid phase micro-extraction - HS-SPME), was used as an indicator of the lipid oxidation of the samples. The analysis was conducted by a gas chromatograph coupled with a mass detector (GC-MS). The method was evaluated according to the validation parameters such as linearity, repeatability and detection limit. The extraction was conducted at 70º C using a fiber (DVD / CAR / PDMS) exposed for 20 minutes in the headspace after 5 minutes of equilibrium between the sample and the headspace. Results: Samples added 0.10% oregano or sage had effective protection in the development of hexanal, compared to control samples. The development of hexanal was significantly higher in the control samples, 34 μg of hexanal/100 g of sample at the beginning and 280 µg/100 g sample at the end of refrigerated storage. Conclusion: Herbs were effective in controlling the development of hexanal. However, the oregano was more effective than sage in preventing the formation of hexanal in chicken meatballs pre-cooked. The level of hexanal in herbs at the end of the storage period was 5 μg hexanal/100 g sample for oregano and 23 µg hexanal/100 g sample for sage.
ERRATA
Authors: Vitae Revista
Published: December 2022

ERRATA
Jaw stiffness and dental extractions due to pharmacodynamic interaction between mirtazapine and chlorpromazine
Authors: MASTROIANNI Patricia de Carvalho , VARALLO Fabiana Rossi , MACHUCA Manuel
Published: December 2022

A comprehensive assessment of the patient’s drug related needs allows identifying health problems drug-induced. It has been demonstrated that each dollar spent on clinical pharmacy services reduces the pooled median cost of health by 4.81 dollars. Jaw stiffness (bruxism) can be a serotonergic manifestation related to drugs with serotonin reuptake inhibition activity. Clinical manifestations also include: agitation, tachycardia, high blood pressure, tremor, fever, dyspnea, diarrhea, mental confusion and insomnia.
Estimación de la vida útil de almacenamiento de carne de res y de cerdo con diferente contenido graso
Authors: GONZÁLEZ HURTADO María Isabel , MESA GAVIRIA Cesar Augusto , QUINTERO CARDONA Oscar Albeiro
Published: December 2022

Antecedentes: La estimación acertada de la vida útil del material cárnico es de gran relevancia para que las empresas definan su logística de abastecimiento. Conocer el efecto de la temperatura, la composición y el tiempo de almacenamiento sobre sus características fisicoquímicas, microbiológicas y sensoriales, permiten optimizar la gestión del almacenamiento y por lo tanto reducir pérdidas durante las etapas de suministro industrial. Objetivos: En el presente estudio se evaluó la vida útil de material cárnico de cerdo y res, en función de la temperatura, el tiempo de almacenamiento y su contenido graso. Métodos: Se desarrollaron modelos de superficie de respuesta para describir los efectos controlados de la temperatura y el tiempo de almacenamiento, sobre variables microbiológicas, fisicoquímicas y sensoriales, de carne deshuesada de res y cerdo con diferente contenido de grasa; el tiempo post-sacrificio fue evaluado como una covariable. Muestras con bajo contenido de grasa (entre 0 y 10%) y alto contenido de grasa (entre 20 y 30%), fueron empacadas en condiciones aeróbicas y almacenadas a temperaturas de -4, -2, 0, 4 y 8°C, entre 6 y 50 días, según la temperatura. Durante el tiempo de almacenamiento, se realizaron mediciones de variables fisicoquímicas (pH, croma C*ab, tono hab, malondialdehído (MDA)), microbiológicas (recuento de microorganismos mesófilos aerobios totales y enterobacterias) y sensoriales (olor y apariencia general). Resultados: El tiempo y la temperatura de almacenamiento fueron los factores más significantes, seguidos del contenido de grasa y el tiempo post sacrificio. Las variables microbiológicas y sensoriales presentaron los cambios más significativos y se usaron para estimar la vida útil de las muestras evaluadas. A altas temperaturas de almacenamiento (8 y 4°C), no se encontraron diferencias significativas entre la estabilidad de la carne de res y cerdo, sin embargo, a bajas temperaturas (0, -2 y -4°C) la carne de cerdo fue mucho más estable que la de res. Conclusiones: Los abusos de temperatura (por encima de 4°C) disminuyen considerablemente la vida útil de la carne deshuesada; a bajas temperaturas de refrigeración (entre 0 y -4°C) es posible alcanzar tiempos de vida útil mayores, incluso superiores a 50 días de almacenamiento.
Inhibición del crecimiento de Aspergillus ochraceus mediante "panela" fermentada con gránulos de kefir de agua
Authors: CARO VÉLEZ Carlos Andrés , LEÓN PELÁEZ Ángela María
Published: December 2022

Antecedentes: El kefir de agua (KA) es una bebida producida con soluciones azucaradas fermentadas con gránulos constituidos por bacterias ácido lácticas (BAL) y levaduras embebidas en una matriz de polisacárido. Aspergillus ochraceus es un hongo filamentoso micotoxigénico, contaminante frecuente y productor de ocratoxina en café, uvas y vino. Se ha estudiado la actividad antifúngica de productos fermentados por BAL pero hasta ahora no se conocen estudios sobre la capacidad antifúngica del KA. Objetivos: Evaluar la capacidad antifúngica de soluciones de panela fermentadas a diferentes tiempos y temperaturas con KA sobre A. ochraceus. Metodos: Se inocularon 10 µL de una suspensión (3x107 conidios. ml-1) de A. ochraceus en agar malta mezclado con sobrenadantes libres de células (SLC) de los productos fermentados, incubando a 25°C y midiendo diariamente el diámetro del micelio, con lo cual se determinó el efecto antifúngico sobre la tasa de crecimiento y la fase de latencia. Se determinó la concentración de ácidos orgánicos (AO) en los SLC mediante HPLC. Resultados: Los productos fermentados por mayor tiempo y temperatura tuvieron mayor concentración de (AO) y mayor descenso de pH siendo el SLC8 (pH: 2,8) el más inhibitorio. Conclusiones: La solución de panela en agua fue adecuada para fermentación con gránulos de KA, obteniéndose metabolitos con propiedades antifúngicas como los AO.
Networks and Contested Identities in the Refugee Journey
Authors: Kandasamy Niro , Avery Lauren , Soldatic Karen
Published: December 2022

This thematic issue traverses refugee research that recognises the importance of networks in determining the paths that refugees undertake in their journeys to seek safety and protection. In recent years, scholars have increasingly pointed to the multifaceted nature of networks in the refugee journey. These articles demonstrate the importance of elucidating the distinct influences and factors that shape refugee networks, including the unequal power relations between refugees and refugee aid workers in transit countries, transnational family and community connections, the proliferation of technologies in strengthening refugees’ networks, the role of the state in privileging certain refugee groups over others, and the role of refugees themselves in mobilising both past and existing networks to activate supports.
Coping With Covid‐19: Older Europeans and the Challenges of Connectedness and Loneliness
Authors: König Ronny , Isengard Bettina
Published: December 2022

Social networks are important for well‐being and healthy aging. However, older adults are more likely to have less social contact with others than their younger counterparts due to significant changes in their lives, such as retirement or age‐related losses, along with declining health and mobility. Consequently, with increasing age, a growing proportion of people experience feelings of loneliness. This becomes even more important during pandemics when social contact should be minimized. Therefore, this article examines the extent and patterns of loneliness before and during the first two years of the Covid‐19 pandemic and how social contact and the type of communication affected levels of loneliness during the pandemic. To investigate loneliness, social contact, and their association during the pandemic, this study uses representative data from 27 countries from SHARE (Survey of Health, Ageing, and Retirement in Europe). The analyses are based on a balanced panel covering three consecutive waves with 28,448 respondents aged 50 years or older. The results indicate that three out of ten Europeans face loneliness in later life. While loneliness has increased for a significant part of the elderly in the wake of the pandemic, there has also been a reverse trend in terms of a decrease in feelings of loneliness for an almost equal proportion of people. Additionally, multivariate analyses highlight that nonpersonal communication cannot substitute face‐to‐face interaction and can potentially increase feelings of loneliness.
Dystonia type 28 with early onset (DYT-KMT2B): a clinical case
Authors: Bulanova V. A. , Bykanova M. A. , Kuleva N. А.
Published: December 2022

This article presents a clinical observation of a patient with a rare form of primary dystonia – type 28 dystonia associated with a heterozygous mutation in the KMT2B gene (OMIM: 617284) for the first time in the Russian literature. The disease started at the age of 6 years with unilateral dystonia of the foot, acquired the features of generalized dystonia in the 1st year from the beginning. The mutation found in proband (chr19:36229249GC>G) was not described earlier. Dystonia was insensitive to levodopa, the effect of botulinum toxin treatment was insufficient; a notable clinical result has been achieved with deep brain stimulation (DBS).
Expression heterogeneity of ABC-transporter family genes and chemosensitivity genes in gastric tumor, carcinomatosis and lymph node metastases
Authors: Tsyganov M. M. , Tsydenova I. A. , Markovich V. A. , Ibragimova M. K. , Rodionov E. O. , Tuzikov S. A. , Litvyakov N. V.
Published: December 2022

Introduction. Metastatic tumors (particularly gastric cancer) have been found to be characterized by heterogeneity between the primary tumor and metastases. This type of heterogeneity comes to the fore when treating primary-metastatic forms of tumor and is an important reason for the low effectiveness of their treatment. In this regard, comparative analysis of ABC-transporter gene expression and chemosensitivity genes will allow to characterize to a certain extent the resistance and sensitivity of primary tumor, carcinomatosis and metastases to therapy and provide the basis for personalized treatment approach.Aim. To evaluate expression heterogeneity of ABC-transporter genes and chemosensitivity genes in gastric tumor, carcinomatosis and lymph node metastases.Materials and methods. Overall 41 patients with disseminated gastric cancer stage IV with carcinomatosis of peritoneum were included in the investigation. All patients underwent surgery according to Roux palliative gastrectomy. After surgery patients underwent chemotherapy depending on indications. RNA was isolated using RNeasy Plus mini kit (Qiagen, Germany). The expression level of ABC transporter genes (ABCB1, ABCC1, ABCC2, ABCC5, ABCG1, ABCG2) and chemosensitivity genes (BRCA1, RRM1, ERCC1, TOP1, TOP2α, TUBβ3, TYMS, GSTP1) was assessed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in primary tumor, carcinomatosis and lymph node metastases.Results. The expression levels of the genes under study were shown to vary widely. For ABC transporter genes, ABCG1 (3.1 ± 1.1; max 32.0), ABCG2 (7.9 ± 2.3; max 54.1), ABCG2 (9.6 ± 3.8; max 101.0) were the most expressed genes in gastric tumor tissue, carcinomatosis and lymph node metastasis, respectively. Hyperexpression among chemosensitivity genes at all three sites was characteristic only of TOP2α (17.2 ± 6.0; max. 161.9; 10.8 ± 4.1; max. 105.1; 35.3 ± 0.8; max. 439.6, respectively). We found that TOP2α and BRCA1 gene expression levels were higher in lymph node metastasis compared with gastric tumor tissue and carcinomatosis (at p = 0.005 and p = 0.001). Whereas ABCC1 gene expression was statistically significantly higher in carcinomatosis (p = 0.03).Conclusion. Thus, a high level of expression heterogeneity is observed in gastric cancer, which affects the expression patterns of various genes in different localizations. The expression profile can be used to determine the level of heterogeneity and approach to personalized therapy tactics.
Biological collections as an element of research infrastructure
Authors: Ruda M. G.
Published: December 2022

The article analyzes the issue of legal regulation of biological collections as an object of research infrastructure. The problems associated with the fixation and delimitation of organizational and legal form of subdivisions of scientific organizations, depending on the functions performed, are also considered. On the basis of analysis of doctrinal provisions the classification of collections is proposed.

A comparative analysis of the draft law “On scientific and scientific-technical activity” and normative legal acts regulating the development of research infrastructure in the European Union has been carried out. The necessity of allocating biological resources centers as a separate infrastructure object is explained.
Gençlik Dönemi İnanç Krizinin Psikolojik Kökenlerinin Analizi: Olgu Sunumu
Authors: GÜRSU Orhan
Published: December 2022

Gelişim psikolojisi kaynaklarında ergenlik ve gençlik dönemleri; karmaşa, kimlik arayışı ve bunalımla karakterize edilen dönemlerdir. Hızlı teknolojik gelişmeler ve değer yargılarında ortaya çıkan köklü değişimler bu tabloyu daha da olumsuz hale getirebilmektedir. Dini şüphe ve tereddütlerin en yoğun olduğu bu dönemlerde bir takım olumsuzluklar, popüler kültürün de etkisiyle bazen inanç krizleri şeklinde ortaya çıkabilmektedir.
Araştırmanın amacı: Bu çalışma danışmanın deneyimleri üzerinden psikolojik danışmanlık sürecinde din ve maneviyatın inanç krizlerindeki rolünü ortaya çıkar¬mak amacıyla yapılmıştır. Bu doğrultuda araştırmamızın amaçlarından biri, gençlik dönemi dini hayatı ve dinin genç birey üzerindeki olumlu veya olumsuz katkısını incelemektir.
Araştırma Bulguları: Bu çalışmada nitel araştırma yönteminde yer alan fenomenolojik (olgubilim) desen kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada elde edilen bulgulara göre; din ya da maneviyat hastalığın, inanç krizinin bizatihi asıl nedeni olabildiği gibi yanlış din eğitiminin bir neticesi şeklinde de tezahür edebilmektedir. Aynı zamanda din, inanç krizinin çözümünde de önemli bir işleve sahip olabilir.
A Brief Literature Review of Structuring District Heating Data based on Measured Values
Authors: Radtke Uwe
Published: December 2022

This study reviews existing literature regarding district heating (DH) data and its clustering. In district heating, heat is produced at a central plant and supplied via a pipeline network to consumers (for example: homes, businesses, and industrial facilities). Different approaches were used—some based on consumption data and others based on heat load/demand data. Common methodology was researched and checked. New methods were double checked if reused in related work or developed single purpose only. Most databases are highly susceptible to being inconsistent, incomplete (lacking attribute values), and/or noisy (containing errors or outlier values). The major obstacle to obtain knowledge is poor data. It is necessary, therefore, to ensure that the knowledge discovered from the databases is, in fact, reliable. The PRISMA flow chart was applied to screen over 60 articles and to perform the literature review. As a result, 12 papers were identified dealing with the structuring of district heating data—almost all use either K-means methodology directly or another methodology based on K-means. Additionally, this study identified a research gap regarding eastern Europe in the data used and descriptions of applied methods.
Ten years of football (soccer) injuries in the literature. A bibliometric approach
Authors: Guzmán-Vásquez Diana H. , Rueda-Calderón María A. , Medino-Muñoz Juan
Published: December 2022

The aim of this research is to analyse the scientific production of publications produced during a decade (2010-2019) about injuries in football (soccer). A bibliographic search was done for publications featuring key terms such as football, soccer, and injuries. We searched for studies in journals that had a five-year impact factor in the Journal Citation Report in the “Sport Sciences” category. The PRISMA methodology was used. The following bibliometric indicators were analysed: number of publications by journal; country of origin; country of publication; publications per year; number of authors; authors’ native language; evidence level; type of study; sex; anatomical location and topographic location of injuries. To assess the level of evidence, the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine (CEBM) level of evidence classification was used, dichotomised as follows: articles with level 1 and level 2 evidence were ‘high evidence’, and articles with levels 3, 4, and 5 were ‘low evidence’. The statistical tests were performed using SPSS V. 28. A total of 222 articles published in four journals met the inclusion criteria. Production rose as the decade progressed. The highest frequency was in 2013. The British Journal of Sports Medicine (BJSM) had the highest number of publications. Sports Medicine (SM) had the most authors per article and the highest level of evidence. The United States was the main producer. There were more publications regarding injuries in males, and in males and females, compared to publications that only took females into account. More muscle, thigh, and hip injuries were described. The level of evidence was generally low. The increase in scientific production related to football (soccer) injuries during the decade reflect an elevated interest for the subject matter. Publications that prevail around this theme consider injuries in the thigh and lower extremities and in men.
Gabungan Quenching-Variasi Tekanan Shot peening Terhadap Kekerasan Permukaan dan Struktur Mikro Permukaan Baja S45C
Authors: Priyambodo Bambang Hari , Margono Margono , Yaqin Rizqi Ilmal
Published: December 2022

The combination of Quenching and Shot peening (SP) heat treatment is rarely carried out, especially the use of this treatment can improve the mechanical properties of medium carbon steel (S45C). This study aims to analyze the microstructure and hardness of S45C steel with the combined effect of Quenching heat treatment with shot peening with variations in compressor air pressure. Commercial S45C steel is quenched with a heating temperature of 910oC and held for 15 minutes. In comparison, the SP process is carried out after the quenching process with variations in air pressure, namely 4, 5, 6, and 7 bar. Analysis of the combined results of Quenching and SP processes using hardness and microstructure. The investigation analysis results obtained specimens with the highest surface hardness in the quenching and SP treatment of 899.44 HV. The impact of SP on the surface up to a distance of 120 m from the surface. The highest hardness was in the Quenching and SP treatment with a pressure of 7 bar. The results of this study are used as parameter contributions in the area of surface treatment and heat treatment of carbon steel to be developed in the automotive industry.
Primary canine and molar relationships in centric occlusion in 3–6-year-old children in Davanagere population: A cross-sectional survey
Authors: Sreedhara Yashwanth , Nagaveni N. B. , Poornima P
Published: December 2022

: As a dentist, it is very important to know the occlusal relationship of primary dentition so that any malocclusion in permanent dentition can be predicted at early stages and corrected accordingly by orthodontic treatments. The ideal occlusion and spacing in primary dentition acts as a mirror for the prevalence of malocclusion in the permanent dentition.

: The aim of the study was to assess the occlusal relationships between the primary canines and the primary molars and spacings in primary dentition among a group of 3-6-year-old children.

: A total of 120 children, comprising of 60 boys and 60 girls aged between 3-6 years irrespective of the race and socioeconomic status were randomly selected. The examination was done using pen light and mouth mirror. The occlusal assessment will be done only on children who are healthy and free from extensive caries that would affect the mesiodistal or occluso-gingival dimension of a tooth and, therefore, influence the occlusal characteristics. The primary molar relationship and the canine relationship will be assessed using Foster and Hamilton criteria with the teeth in centric occlusion. Primate space will be measured between primary lateral incisor and canine in the upper and primary canine and deciduous first molar on the lower on both the arches using a digital caliper [0-4 mm]. The obtained data was entered into Microsoft excel and chi-square test will be used for statistical analysis.

: The study showed that, on left side, mesial step molar relationship was found in 53.3% boys and 55% girls, whereas on right side, 55% of boys and 51.6% of girls showed mesial step molar relationship. On left side, 77% of boys and 70% of girls showed class I canine relationship. On right side, 73% of boys and 67% of girls showed class I canine relationship. Primate spacings were found in 77% of children in maxilla and 84.7% of mandible.

: The in vivo study concluded that, 1. Mesial step molar relationship was the most common Occlusal relationship of primary molars. 2. Class I canine relationship was the most common canine relationship in primary dentition. 3. Maxillary arch showed more percentage of primate spacings than mandibular arch. The early identification of molar and canine relationships and spacing present will help in prediction of future permanent molar relationship and probable future malocclusion.
Prosthodontic way of overcoming the hurdle of flabby tissues: A case series
Authors: Aeran Himanshu , Kumar Varun , Seth Jyotsna , Deshpande Goutami
Published: December 2022

Flabby ridges displaceable tissues are a common finding in long term denture wearers. Careful management is mandatory, failing which flabby ridges adversely affect the retention, stability and support of complete dentures. Management of flabby ridges can be driven either surgically or prosthodontically. A list of techniques has been noted in the literature for prosthetically managing flabby tissues such as Zafarullah Khan Technique, modified Zafarullah Khan Technique, Shum & Pow Technique, Hobkirk’s Technique, Palatal splinting using two part tray technique, etc. The decision to consider which material & or technique is appropriate depends on the particular clinical situation. Moreover, the advent of newer dental materials has added to this confusion. The proper diagnosis and planning is required for selecting the material and technique according to the displaceability of the tissues. This article describes a series of clinical scenarios, incorporating these impression techniques and materials for managing the condition.
A Conceptual Approach to the Formation of a Digital Innovation Economy based on Artificial Intelligence technologies
Authors: Aliyev Alovsat
Published: December 2022

The article is devoted to a conceptual approach to the formation of a digital innovation economy based on artificial intelligence technologies. In modern times, the relevance of the development of the economy based on digital technological innovations has been justified. 4.0 It has been shown that increasing the production of science and technology-intensive, highly competitive products in digital economic sectors with the application of industrial components is one of the necessary issues of the current era. The importance of digital transformations has been shown on the basis of socio-economic development strategies. The importance of working out indicators for measuring the intellectual economy included in the structural composition of the information economy was brought to attention. The influence of artificial intelligence technologies in the transition programs from Society 4.0 to 5.0 has been studied. An analysis of the world situation on the economy of artificial intelligence technologies was carried out. Large-scale problems related to artificial intelligence have been mentioned. The characteristics of the formation of the economic sector and development perspectives on artificial intelligence technologies were investigated. The size of the world market for artificial intelligence technologies has been analyzed by various indicators. The global artificial intelligence market size and the revenue in the global artificial intelligence market are shown schematically. Issues of evaluating the innovative perspectives of digital economy sectors related to artificial intelligence technologies were studied. The expert algorithmic stages of the improved Delphi method were proposed for the assessment of innovative perspectives of sub-economic sectors on artificial intelligence. Initial expert evaluations on innovative perspectives have been processed. Evaluation results on the innovative perspective of digital economic sectors related to artificial intelligence technologies were explained. Recommendations on the prospective directions of the formation of a digital innovation economy based on artificial intelligence technologies have been developed.
“Combatir la tiranía y controlar el poder”. Los usos políticos de la libertad de imprenta en Nueva Granada y Colombia (1810-1830)
Authors: Chaparro-Rodríguez Juan Carlos
Published: December 2022

Este artículo describe y analiza la manera como algunos hombres públicos neogranadinos, fungiendo como editores de prensa y obrando como auspiciadores o simpatizantes de la independencia, invocaron, reivindicaron y usaron la libertad de imprenta a propósito de su intención de romper los vínculos con la monarquía española y de forjar e instaurar un nuevo orden político e institucional. Al efecto, se argumenta que, al reivindicarla en los términos en que lo hicieron y al usarla con los fines políticos e ideológicos que persiguieron, esos hombres no buscaron solamente derrumbar el control y el monopolio que la corona había impuesto sobre la imprenta, sino que, con base en dicha reivindicación, también pretendieron validar la ruptura con el régimen monárquico, legitimar la instauración del orden republicano, controlar a las autoridades del naciente Estado, y hasta desfogar por esa vía las desavenencias que ellos mismos tejieron tras la consumación de la independencia, haciendo entonces que esa mentada libertad no solo adquiriera un nuevo sentido y contenido, sino que operara como un instrumento de acción y disputa política e ideológica.
Expresiones de la política liberal en la prensa escrita del departamento del Atlántico (1935-1946)
Authors: Arteta-Hernández Cecilia María
Published: December 2022

Este artículo expone algunas funciones que cumplió la prensa escrita dentro de las expresiones de la política liberal en el departamento del Atlántico durante el periodo de la República Liberal. Explicar la opinión pública creada alrededor de las problemáticas y la forma cómo eran vistos los agricultores en la prensa local ayuda a comprender la relación política que tuvieron estos actores. La representación de Nicolas Llinás Vega como exponente de los agricultores en la vida pública se explica a partir de pesquisas documentales halladas en estos medios y de alguna información proveniente de fuentes orales. El análisis permite estructurar una imagen de cómo funcionaba la relación entre agricultores y política. Estos aspectos serán comprendidos a través de “Algodonero” que era el medio de difusión del gremio. De manera que se puede afirmar la existencia de una cultura política escrita entre los liberales del Atlántico, que lleva a reconocer cómo estos periódicos además de informar buscaban ratificarse como medios políticos y de interés social.
Urolithiasis: HPTLC Method for Quantitative Detection of Rutin and Quercetin in an Herbal Plant
Authors: Ravindrakumar Patel , Vyas Niraj , Sandip Patel
Published: December 2022

Anti-inflammatory, Hypoglycemic, Hepatoprotective, Antihyperlipidemic, Anti-Ulcerative, Cardioprotective Stimulant, Sedative, Hypnotic, Anticonvulsant Activity, Memory Retention, Stroke Preventive Activity, Antimicrobial Activity, Antimycobacterial, Antiviral, Larvicidal, Antiparasitic, Chemopreventative, Chemo-modulatory, Anticancer, Cytoprotective activities were found in a variety of herbal plants, including Ocimum basilicum. The purpose of this study was to design and develop a new HPTLC method that was accurate, precise and cost-effective for simultaneous measurement of rutin and quercetin in a hydroalcoholic extract of Ocimum basilicum seeds. The mobile phase was Toluene: Ethyl Acetate: Methanol: formic acid (6:4:3:1, v/v/v/v/v) and densitometric scanning was performed at 254 nm. Merck TLC aluminium sheets of silica gel 60 F254, (10 x 10 cm) with a thickness of 250 mm was used as stationary phase. At a wavelength of 254 nm, rutin and quercetin were detected. The constituents were resolved satisfactorily, with Rf values of 0.25 ± 2.01 for rutin and 0.80 ± 0.64 for quercetin, respectively. Linearity (300-1300 ng/spot for rutin and quercetin) was used to test the method’s accuracy and reproducibility. For both analytes, intra- and inter-day precision, as evaluated by coefficient of variation, was less than 3%. For rutin, the detection and quantification limits were 46.52 and 140.96 ng/spot, respectively, and for quercetin, they were 81.79 and 247.84 ng/spot. The proposed approach was found to be precise, accurate, repeatable, and specific, and it could be used to measure quercetin and rutin in samples at the same time.
Ethnopharmacology of Genus Rubus: Modern Science from Ancient Science
Authors: Das Saumya , Mazumder Avijit , Sahu Neha , Das Manas Kumar , Chand Suniti , Gupta Hrithik , Kumar Ankit
Published: December 2022

From the prehistoric, ancient age to the modern-day, genus Rubus species are already known for their healing properties such as in neurodegenerative and psychological disorders, cancer, diarrhoea, colic pain, diabetes, nephrological, and inflammatory disorders. Based on their phytochemistry and pharmacology it is an attempt to achieve a greater knowledge of the biological significance of these herbal medicinal plants. The ultimate aim of this review is to deliver the magnification of research at the cellular and molecular level in the management of nervous breakdowns and other diseases. An exhaustive literature search was performed by online databases such as Springer, Scopus, and Elsevier. In this review, the different novel medicinal plants belong to the genus Rubus, used to treat enormous ailments based on traditional and literature search, their potential bioactive species belong to the same genus.
Flavonoids: A Potent substance in Anti-ulcer and Hepatoprotective Agents
Authors: Chakraborthy G. S. , Pinkal Patel  , Sharma Sachin , Jani Rupal K. , Mandal Snigdha Das
Published: December 2022

Ever since herbs were used from the ancient ages to treat various diseases in one or the other form of drugs for the betterment of mankind. Due to this usage slowly the verge cam e to a decline or over exploitation which resulted in decrease of production of natural resources. Looking in to the benefits the flora and fauna were rehabilitees in form of tissue culture, co preservation, plantation etc. for the availability in its natural form. Nature is the best chemist, which helps in combatting the aliments and provides the outcomes of it. It is impossible to find   any plant, which has no medical use.
Ulcer and liver diseases are at an alarming rate in the developing countries. A number of drugs, which are in the existing medications for peptic ulcer and hepatic diseases, shows a comeback region due to its adverse effects, and drug interactions.  Drugs, which consists from the flora, has its importance in the treatment and shows a higher rate of acceptance. Flavonoids are the naturally occurring, low molecular weight molecules seen mostly distributed in the vegetable kingdom and holds an utmost thurst in declining the generation of reactive oxygen species.  Secondary compounds like apigenin, sylimarin, genesis, quercetin, kaempherol and catechins has a significance role in these diseases.
Development and Validation of Analytical Method for Estimation of Calcium in Herbomineral Formulation by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry
Authors: Patel Pinkal , Shah Jaimin R. , Soni Hardik , Patel Vishal , Patel Janki
Published: December 2022

Calcium determination is normally done by conventional titrimetric methods (complexometric titration). In this study, a simple, precise, accurate, rapid and sensitive method has been developed for calcium (Ca) determination in Maxcal-C Tablet (herbo-mineral formulation) and its raw materials by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). For complete digestion of the sample, closed vessel wet digestion technique was used with 69% HNO3 and 30% H2O2 (7:1) as digestive solvents. Analysis was performed on AAS (AA-6300) at λmax 422.7 nm. Calcium nitrate Ca(NO3)2 was used as a standard for Calcium and the linearity of the standard was excellent over a concentration range of 0.5 to 20 μgmL-1. The regression coefficient (r2) was 0.999. For intraday and interday precision % RSD was obtained between 0.48%-1.95% and 3.48%-5.01%, respectively which complied with the standard range for AAS. Recovery was achieved at 93.24%, 99.73%, 101.75% for 3 levels of spikes (80%, 100%, 120%) respectively, which complied with the standard range 75- 125% for AAS. However, the AAS method produced accurate and reproducible results and also overcame the colour and other ions interference, which are common problems with the titrimetric method. The results of both techniques (the AAS method and the titrimetric method) were compared, which showed good estimation by AAS.