bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimization study of ultrasound-assisted polyphenol extraction from cocoa powder and utilization of its grounds using papain solution.
Authors: Febrianto Noor Ariefandie , Wahyudi Teguh
Published: September 2018

Cocoa powder is one of the main products of the cocoa grinding process which is frequently used in confectionery industries. Today, the utilization of cocoa powder has been derivatized not only it can be used as food ingredient, but also expanding in its utilization in pharmaceutical. The utilization of cocoa powder mainly due to its advantageous and healthy polyphenol content which should be extracted from cocoa powder. Generally, this process will result in significant amounts of underutilized cocoa powder grounds. This research was carried out to evaluate the utilization of ultrasound-assisted extraction method to extract antioxidative compound from cocoa powder and to study the possibility of utilizing its grounds for its antioxidative compound by the use of papain solution system. The extraction study was carried out using different concentration of ethanol ranged from 53.79, 60, 75, 90 and 96.21% for 23.39, 30, 45, 60 and 66.21 min extraction time. The evaluation was carried out using the analysis of total phenolic content and DPPH radical scavenging activity. Further, freshly prepared papain was used in different concentration ranged from 2, 4 and 6% to incubate the cocoa grounds for 2, 3, and 4 hours. The obtained cocoa hydrolysate solution was then analyzed for its protein content and its antioxidant activity. The optimization study of the process was carried out using response surface methodology. This study shows that the use of 60% ethanol for 30 min extraction was optimum to extract the phenolic compound from cocoa powder. On the other hand, the use of papain revealed that the underutilized cocoa grounds could be potentially used as the source of protein and antioxidant.
Relationship Analysis Between Leaf-Stomata Characteristics with Cocoa Resistance to Vascular-Streak Dieback
Authors: Wahyu Soesilo Agung , Arisandy Poppy , Sari Indah Anita , Harimurti Rudi
Published: September 2018

Characteristics of leaf-stomata indicate having relationship with  the resistance of  cocoa  to  vascular-streak  dieback  (VSD)  caused  by  Ceratobasidum  theobromae. This  research  has  objective  to  identify  the  relationship  between leaf-stomata   haracteristicsto VSD resistance in order to develop criteria for selection. Trial was establised in  randomized-complete  block design  with three  blocks as replications  in  Kaliwining Experimental Station of Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute (ICCRI) using 15  clones  which  had  different  background  on  VSD  resistance.  Leaf-stomata  of  the tested  clones  were characterized  using variables of number of stomata,  stomata size, width  of  opened-stomata  and  size  of  stomata  mouth  in  three  different  level  of  leaf growth,  namely  flush,  young  and  mature.  VSD  resistance  was  assessed  by  scoring the damage in the scale of 0-6 that  the tested clones were classified into five group sof resistance.  Analysis  of  variance  indicated  a  significant  effect  of  cocoa  clone  to  the number of  stomata  in  all categories  of leaf  sample  but the  other leaf-stomata  haracteristics  were  significantly  affected  by  cocoa  clone  just  at  the  young  and  mature leaf.  Correlation  analysis  performed  a  significant inter-correlation  between  variables of leaf-stomata characteristics in young leaf and the score of VSD resistance. However, number of stomata and width of opened-stomata in the mature leaf were significantly correlated  to  the  score  of  VSD  resistance.  Genetic  variance  analysis  showed  a  high category of broad sense heritability for the number of stomata and width of the  penedstomata  in  young  leaf  that  both  of  the  variables  can  be  developed  as  criteria  for selection on  VSD  resistance.
Abundance of Pollinator Insect (Forcipomyia spp .) of Cocoa Under Some Shade Trees
Authors: Zakariyya Fakhrusy , Sulistyowati Endang , Suci Rahayu Dwi
Published: September 2018

Cocoa production is affected by cocoa flowering and fruiting. The factor affects fruit seeting is pollinator agent such as Forcipomyia spp. Until now, information concerning population dynamics of Forcipomyia in some models of cocoa shading trees remains limited. This research was studied to observe the population dynamics of Forcipomyia spp. in some models of cocoa shading trees, namely lamtoro (Leucaena sp.), krete (Cassia surithensis) and areca nut (Areca catechu) in two main season of rainy and dry seasons. The research was conducted in Kaliwining research station of Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute (ICCRI), Jember, by surveying the existing cocoa under different types of shading trees as mentioned above. The insects were observed using modified sticky trap method, whilst micro climate condition was also observed. The highest population was in January (rainy season) under Leucaena spp. shade tress and the lowest population was in October under all type of the shading trees. There was no relationship between microclimate condition under cocoa trees (temperature, RH and light intensity) and Forcipomyia spp. population (r = 0.08 and 0.04).
Formulation of Decaffeinated Instant Coffee Effervescent Tablet
Authors: Dharmawan Andi , Widyotomo Sukrisno , Firmanto Hendy , Setyo Abdurizal Bayu
Published: September 2018

Decaffeinated coffee is an alternative for caffeine intollerant consumer as a safe and practical choice. However, since decaffeination process employ high temperature extraction, the coffee produced usually possesses inferior sensory qualities. This research was aimed to get an optimum formulation of effervescent coffee tablet that has good physical and sensory quality. In this research, effervescent coffee tablet was formulated with three different ratios of the decaffeinated instant coffee and effervescent reagent (citric acid and sodium bicarbonate), namely 1.5:1; 1:1; and 1:1.5 (w/w) weighed in 3 g per tablet serving. Sensory evaluation was carried out organoleptically in several criteria such as flavors, aromas, and colors on 40 mL, 80 mL, and 120 mL of the solution. Futher, physical quality evaluation was done by measuring its weight uniformity, hardness, friability, and run time which then calculated by statistic analytical method to decide the best formulation. Based on the result, the best formulation of effervescent coffee tablet was 1:1.5 (w/w) due to its shortest run time (4.2 minutes), good weight uniformity and hardness value, 1.16 ± 0.03 g/cm3 dan 6.7 ± 0.5 kg, respectively, while friability value was the smallest (2%) compared to other formulations. The brewing of this formulation in 40 mL water also had best sensory profiles in term of aroma, color and flavor.
A relationship between subclinical hypothyroidism and hematologic parameters in patients with Down Syndrome
Authors: YAZAR Abdullah , YORULMAZ Alaaddin , TURE Esra , AKİN Fatih , SERT Ahmet
Published: September 2018

Introduction: Down syndrome (DS) which is defined as
trisomy 21 is the most common chromosomal defect characterized by mental
retardation, hypotonia, dysmorphic facial features, and other distinctive
phenotypic characteristics. The prevalence of thyroid disorders in DS is 3% and
is significantly higher than in the normal population. In this study we aimed to investigate hematologic parameters
of children with DS who had and hadn’t subclinical hypothyroidism and compare
them with healthy controls.  Methods:
This study included 184 patients who were followed up
with genetically diagnosed DS. Complete
blood count, levels of serum electrolytes, glucose, urea, liver function tests,
thyroid function tests were reviewed. Results: 102 (55.4%)
of the patients with DS were male and 82 (44.6%) were female. Mean age was 6.2
± 4.0 years. Control group was constituted of outpatient
healthy children. White blood cell count, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and
neutrophil counts were found to be significantly lower in patients with DS. Platelet count and plateletcrit levels were
found to be higher and platelet distribution width was lower in patients with
DS than in the control group.

Conclusion: We found significant differences among
hematological parameters in patients with DS. Subclinical
hypothyroidism
influences red blood cell distribution width, platelet count and MPV. Knowing
the incidence and severity of hematologic abnormalities in patients with DS will
be beneficial during follow-up in clinical practice.
Democracia, totalitarismo e analfabetismo em 'O leitor', de Bernhard Schlink
Authors: Saraiva Luis Junior Costa , Carvalho Elanir França , Lopes Raquel Da Silva , Martins de Souza César
Published: September 2018

A literatura possibilita dialogar sobre momentos importantes da História, trazendo as memórias, os diálogos e o olhar de protagonistas e de outras pessoas que vivenciaram o período. Os anos entre as duas Guerras Mundiais, bem como os massacres perpetrados durante a Segunda Guerra Mundial, são tema de diversas obras de ficção que propõem refletir sobre um período em que pessoas eram colocadas como servidores de um estado totalitário em detrimento dos direitos coletivos e da cidadania. Em O Leitor, Hanna toma decisões que muitas vezes parecem prejudicá-la, na busca por ocultar um grande segredo: não ser alfabetizada. A vergonha de ser analfabeta é tão forte que Hanna renuncia à ascensão profissional optando por ser vista como carrasco nazista para não ter seu segredo revelado. A obra de Bernhard Schlink nos permite descortinar as memórias de um momento da História em que as pessoas foram transformadas em peças de um Estado, agindo não como sujeitos autônomos, com valores ético-morais, mas supostamente em nome de um bem coletivo maior, que seria a construção de uma nação forte.
“Nós escolhemos a liberdade!” - democracia e responsabilidade moral em 'Complô contra a América', de Phillip Roth
Authors: Coelho Lilian Reichert
Published: September 2018

O romance Complô contra a América (2004), do escritor norte-americano contemporâneo Philip Roth, foi aqui estudado a partir das relações entre os ideais democráticos estabelecidos pelo discurso oficial para a nação e a incidência dos valores fundamentais de igualdade e liberdade individual numa família de origem judaica pobre de Newark no início dos anos 1940, num período de instabilidade imaginado pelo romancista pela construção de um “cronotopocontrafactual” (cf. ANDRADE; SANTOS, 2013) ao questionar o que teria sido dos judeus se Roosevelt não tivesse sido eleito pela terceira vez em 1940. A hipótese de trabalho orientou-se pela discussão apresentada por Jacques Rancière, segundo a qual o termo democracia tem sido deturpado pelos mais variados matizes ideológicos, o que a narrativa de Roth confirma. Também procurou-se reconhecer a contribuição de Roland Barthes para a discussão entre literatura e política, dentre outros autores. O tema da responsabilidade moral foi abordado a fim de captar os traços dos personagens principais face às transformações operadas nas circunstâncias terríveis apresentadas na ficção em estreito vínculo com o projeto ético e estético do escritor.
Literatura e Democracia
Authors: Maffei Luis , Eiras Pedro
Published: September 2018

Apresentção à Gragoatá 45.
KADIN KAHRAMANIN YOLCULUĞU: HASANBOĞULDU HİKÂYESİ ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: Usta Yasemin
Published: September 2018

ÖZET
Çalışmamızın konusu olan Hasanboğuldu hikâyesi, Kaz Dağı'nın Türkmen köylülerinin söylencelerinde yer alan ve kökleri İran'a kadar uzanan bir İslami halk anlatısı üzerine temellendirilmiştir. Kaz Dağı’nın en ünlü anlatısı olan Sarıkız efsanesi, Kaz Dağı çevresindeki sözlü edebiyatta hâlen nefes almaktadır. Çalışmamızda incelediğimiz eş metinde (varyantta), toplum tarafından küçültücü baskıya maruz kalan kızın konu olduğu efsane, Sabahattin Ali’nin Yeni Dünya isimli eserinde Hasanboğuldu hikâyesiyle karşımıza çıkar. Hikâye anlatıcısının maceraya çağırılışını kabul etmesinin ardından kendisine yardımcı yol arkadaşı görevi verilen Yüksekoba kızı olan Hacer, anlatıcıyı efsanenin geçtiği coğrafyaya taşır. Hem Sarkız efsanesi hem de Hasanboğuldu hikâyesi aynı yol üzerinde seyretmektedir. Her iki kadına tutulan eril karakterlerin duygusal dışavurumlarını konu edinen hikâyede anlatılan efsane, hikâyeden daha ağır basmaktadır. Bu nedenle Sabahattin Ali’nin Hasanboğuldu hikâyesinde anlattığı şekliyle aslında Sarıkız efsanesini incelemekteyiz. Efsanedeki kadın kahraman olan Emine’nin yaşantılarının örüntüsü onun bütünsellik arayışıyla dokunmuştur ve bu örüntü Joseph Campbell’in kahramanın yolculuğu şemasının dişil formu olarak kabul gören ve öğrencisi Maureen Murdock tarafından oluşturulmuş olan ‘Kadın Kahramanın Yolculuğu’ aşamalarıyla örtüşmektedir. Yolculuğun aşamalarıyla incelenecek olan metinin sembolik alt anlamlarına da değinilmektedir.
Interrelation of Controls for Autonomous Motivation: A Field Study of Productivity Gains Through Pressure-Induced Process Innovation
Authors: Pfister Jan A. , Lukka Kari
Published: September 2018

This field study investigates an empirical setting where the introduction of new formal results controls—stretch targets for productivity that are seemingly unachievable with current process efficiencies—is associated with high productivity gains over extended periods of time. Contrary to findings from the prior management accounting research, employees meet the targets by being creative and risk-taking in continuously innovating processes, despite the pressure induced by high target-level difficulty. Mobilizing self-determination theory, we argue that a specific interrelation of personnel and cultural control with results control supports internalization of the latter by employees. In this situation, employees perceive the high performance required by the results control assimilated into their own values, which facilitates the autonomous motivation necessary for their creativity. Our findings contribute to the literature by identifying the conditions, and discovering the mechanisms, that enhance the efficacy of stretch targets.
Teaching Data Analytics Skills in Auditing Classes Using Tableau
Authors: Weirich Thomas R. , Tschakert Norbert , Kozlowski Stephen
Published: September 2018

We present a case for teaching data analytics skills in auditing classes using the data visualization software Tableau. We use the Tableau-embedded data file “US Superstore,” which we edited to include cash receipts and discounts to provide a complete order to cash cycle. Students learn how to create data visualizations and dashboards, and how to apply them to audit-planning considerations. Students then perform substantive testing of the revenue (order to cash) cycle and identify issues in the data that relate to revenue. We propose that this case material can be tailored by instructors to fit their particular needs and course curriculum. This case provides students with hands-on exposure to data analytic and visualization capabilities. Student feedback was very favorable and student comments indicated that the case was practical, realistic, and informative, and provided them a better understanding of data visualization.

Data Availability: For data availability, please contact the corresponding author.
The experience of 70 heart transplants in a multidisciplinary medical care facility
Authors: Khubutiya M. Sh. , Sokolov V. V. , Redkoborodyy A. V. , Kozlov I. A. , Timerbaev V. Kh. , Khutsishvili L. G. , Bikbova N. M. , Parkhomenko M. V. , Kosolapov D. A.
Published: September 2018

Introduction.The total number of patients with chronic heart failure in Russia had reached 15 million by 2016, including 6 million of those with the end-stage heart failure. Currently, heart transplantation (HT) provides the only possible method of a definite treatment of the disease, which allows a significant steady and long-term improvement of patient's quality of life.  The purpose of this article was to review the experience of heart transplantation in a multidisciplinary medical institution over an 8-year period.

Material and methods. Since September 2009, more than 300 patients have been studied for the presence of indications for heart transplantation in the Department of Urgent Cardiology, Assisted Circulation and Heart Transplantation of the Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine. Eighty of all the screened potential recipients were included in the waiting list, and by the end of 2017, heart transplantations had been performed in 70 of them; the mean waiting time for transplantation was 93 ± 79 days.

Results.The graft ischemia time averaged 174 ± 28 minutes (97 to 250 minutes). The graft ischemia time was 187 ± 36 minutes with the biatrial technique and 169 ± 24 minutes with bicaval technique. That parameter made 184 ± 23 minutes for a distant organ retrieval, while for a local organ retrieval it was 155 ± 29 minutes. By the end of 2017, of 70 cardiac transplant recipients enrolled in the analyzed group, 31 patients (44%) had died, 12 of whom during their hospital stay (hospital mortality was 18%). The main cause of death was the multiple organ failure syndrome in the early postoperative period, and infectious complications in the later period.

Conclusion.The advantage of establishing the organ transplantation center (particularly for heart transplantation) in a multidisciplinary medical care facility lies in reduced donor organ ischemia time and starting treatment of complications without delay. The number of infectious complications, as well as complications associated with acute cellular rejection and coronary artery disease of the transplanted heart can be reduced by creating a regional system ensuring the targeted work with post transplant patients.
BIOCHEMICAL AND MORPHOMETRIC PARAMETERS OF SOME ORGANS AND TISSUES OF HYBRID TILAPIA (OREOCHROMIS SPP.) FOR GROWING WITH USE OF PREPARATION ES-2
Authors: Kotelnikova Svetlana Vladimirovna , Kotelnikov Andrey Vyacheslavovich , Nevalennyy Alexander Nickolaevich , Ponomarev Sergey Vladimirovich , Shirina Yulia Mikhailovna
Published: September 2018

The article studies the effect of addition into the feed of Sapropel extract (ES-2 preparation) on the intensity of lipid peroxidation in the liver and gills of hybrid tilapia ( Oreochromis spp. ), as well as on the morphofunctional state of its liver. Sapropel extract caused a decrease in the content of TBA-reactants in the tissues of tilapia liver by 17% compared to the control group. In gills the bioadditive resulted in the increased content of peroxide products by 24%. The introduction of ES-2 in fish feed resulted in reduction of spontaneous and ascorbate-dependent lipid peroxidation rate in the liver by 18%. In the gills of fish, under the influence of Sapropel, the rate of spontaneous lipid peroxidation increased by 27%, the rate of ascorbate-dependent lipid peroxidation - by 23%. The change in the intensity of peroxide processes under the influence of the fodder additive in fish organs is tissue-specific: antioxidant effect was recorded in the liver, prooxidant effect was observed in the gills. The introduction of the Sapropel extract does not lead to a change in the volume of liver nuclei in the test groups of tilapia, while the average cell volume in the experimental group was 37% lower than in the control group. The decrease in cell volume led to the increase in the nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio by 1.9 times in the experimental group compared to the control group. Hepatocyte cytoplasm volume decrease and nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio increase due to addition of ES-2 preparation into productive feed of hybrid tilapia would indicate a rise of functional activity of liver cells.
FOOD BIODEGRADABLE FILM CONTAINING CHITOSAN
Authors: Skolkov Sergeyi Alekseyevich , Moiseenko Marina Sergeevna , Kirichko Natalya Aleksandrovna , Mukatova Marfuga Dyusembaevna
Published: September 2018

The purpose of the study was to establish the possibility of using chitosan with a molecular mass of 19 kDa to cover the surface of the food product with a bio-degradable film. Experimental samples of the biodegradable film had in their composition glycerol transglutaminase, food dye and chitosan substituting a portion of gelatin. Chitosan used in pilot samples is a derivative from chitin which was obtained by processing the shell-containing raw material (a waste from the cutting of cooked crayfish), according to the requirements of TU 9289-003-48203178-2001. In composition of chitosan sample the water content (%) was 9, minerals 0.2 and insolubles 0.3. Chitosan was used as 2% solution in 2% acetic acid solution. The prepared solution of the film-forming composition was spread on the prepared surface and cooled at ambient temperature with further drying followed by the film-forming process. The food biodegradable film produced using the mentioned above method of chitosan application was 0.09-0.10 mm thick. It has been stated that the use of transglutaminase in food biodegradable film production improves film quality characteristics necessary for packaging materials used in the food industry. When biodegradable films are used in the food industry, molded meat products (cutlets, meatballs, sausages) from minced meat of warm-blooded animals, fish, poultry and from combined fish minced meat are wetted with the prepared film-forming composition fixed with circulating air at 25-30°C during 10 minutes. The wetting process is repeated 3-4 times to form a food biodegradable film of the required thickness on the surface of the molded product. The film produced protects the product surface prolonging its storage life and can be eaten together with the product. The film has properties of bioactive substances due to the presence of chitosan and presents an alternative to modern hardly decomposable packing materials.
INFLUENCE OF OLIN PROBIOTIC ON FUNCTIONAL STATE OF TILAPIA PRODUCERS
Authors: Hamad Haydar Abbas , Ableev Damir Ravilievich , Akhmedzhanova Aliya Baimuratovna , Ponomarev Sergey Vladimirovich
Published: September 2018

In the innovative scientific and technical aquaculture center of Astrakhan State Technical University there was studied the influence of Olin probiotic as a part of productional feed on the fish-breeding and physiological-biochemical indicators of mature specimens of hybrid tilapia ( Oreochromis sp .). The active process of gametogenesis and spawning of fish in both experimental groups probably did not achieve statistically significant differences in the fish-breeding and biological parameters between the control group and two experimental groups of fish. In spite of this, there was observed a certain tendency towards improvement of these indicators in the group of fish using Olin probiotic in their diet in concentration 20 g per 1 kg of feed. It has been recorded that probiotic had a positive effect on lipid metabolism. Concentration of β-lipoproteins was within normal physiological ranges. However, before the experiment it was higher in the control group than in both experimental groups. After the experiment, on the contrary, concentration was higher in experimental groups. The differences were statistically significant ( p < 0.05). This increase is probably due to an increase in generative metabolism (under the influence of the probiotic). At the beginning of the experiment concentration of cholesterol in the fish blood was higher in the control group. At the end of the experiment, on the contrary, its excess was observed in experiments 1 and 2. In experiment 2, these differences were statistically confirmed ( p < 0.05). The increase in cholesterol concentration can be also explained by activation of gametogenesis (under the influence of the probiotic). Activation of generative metabolism was confirmed by the fact of tilapia spawning in both experimental groups and obtaining viable larvae. The study results allow to recommend Olin probiotic as a component in composition of productional feed for tilapia broodstock.
DOMESTICATION OF PIKEPERCH INDIVIDUALS OF DIFFERENT AGE, PRODUCING OFFSPRINGS AND BREEDING PIKEPERCH YEARLINGS IN FISH-BREEDING FARM OF THE ALMATY REGION OF KAZAKHSTAN
Authors: Asylbekova Saule Zhangirovna , Badryzlova Nina Sergeevna , Koyshibaeva Saya Kashkinbayevna , Fedorov Evgeniy Victorovich
Published: September 2018

The article highlights the research and developing biotechnological techniques of breeding resilient pikeperch stocking material in the fish farms of the southern Kazakhstan. There have been described biotechnical events to store up the broodstock and individuals of different age taken from the natural water-basin in order to form breeding stock for the fish farm. There have been given the values of mass, commercial length and fatness of species of early age groups; mass, commercial length, fatness and stage of maturity of pikeperch males and females.The comparative characteristic of statistically processed fish-breeding and biological parameters of pikeperch males and females has been suggested. The dynamics of general hydrochemical parameters of fish ponds has been presented, conditions for breeding pikeperch yearlings being defined as most available. The characteristic of productive possibilities of the wild pikeperch sires during periods of spawning, incubation of roe and producing the larvae has been given. There have been described biotechnological methods of carrying out pikeperch spawning in spawning cages on nests, incubation of eggs in apparatus "Amur" in conditions of the hatchery. The data on breeding pikeperch yearlings from fry reared in cages are presented. There has been found out the possibility to use starting trout feed along with live feed. The characteristics of fish-breeding and biological parameters of pikeperch yearlings bred in polyculture with carp fishes in the ponds. The recommendations on the part of main parameters that are optimal for forming pikeperch broodstockin conditions of the pond farms of the southern Kazakhstan have been given.
Las Metamorfosis recientes de un deporte y una pasión popular: el futbol (a partir de ejemplos europeos)
Authors: Bromberger Christian
Published: September 2018

En los últimos 40 años, el fútbol ha cambiado profundamente en Francia y en Europa. Se pasó de un estatuto asociativo de los clubes a uno de sociedades comerciales, se modificaron los lazos entre los simpatizantes y sus equipos, y si bien la adscripción a los colores permanece, los equipos ya no se caracterizan por un estilo de juego con el cual las localidades se identifican. Los equipos tampoco poseen mayorí­a de jugadores locales ni los jugadores tienen lazos con los clubes ni con las ciudades donde juegan, mientras que los dirigentes han dejado de ser empresarios locales, como sucedí­a históricamente. Esta desterritorialización no conlleva, sin embargo, una baja de interés por el fútbol. Si el público se modificó progresivamente, el fútbol continúa siendo un juego que suscita pasiones, emociones y admiración.
Deporte y modernidad en Argentina: problemas conceptuales y propuesta de abordaje
Authors: Sazbón Daniel , Fridenberg Julio
Published: September 2018

En el campo de historia del deporte es clásica su conceptualización como sí­mbolo de las transformaciones sociales que oponen el modo de vida “tradicional” del "moderno" es de vieja data. Tal identificación entre deporte y “modernidad”es lugar común tanto en los estudios focalizados en su contexto europeo (especialmente británico) de origen como en aquellos espacios en los que su difusión planetaria logró imponerse con mayor o menor rapidez, sirviendo como indicador de su incorporación al “moderno” mundo capitalista.
El término modernidad resulta en nuestra opinión problemáticopara estos propósitos, tanto por la laxitud con la que ha sido utilizadocomo por su particular amplitud a la hora de abarcar procesos complejos y contradictorios ocultando la tensión existente entre sus diferentes planos, que terminan resolviéndose en una imagen de engañosa simplicidad. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de nuestro trabajo será señalar las dificultades que presenta la categorí­a modernidad para dar cuenta de la conexión entre el desarrollo de las actividades deportivas y el proceso de transformaciones vividas por la sociedad argentina –y en general, latinoamericana– en el perí­odo comprendido entre fines del siglo XIX y comienzos del XX.
Hinchadas y barras de fútbol en la América Latina contemporánea: Hacia un análisis transnacional y una comparación en escala continental
Authors: Buarque de Hollanda Bernardo , Magazine Roger , Rodríguez Aguilar Onésimo , Cabrera Nicolas
Published: September 2018

Este artí­culo describe y analiza comparativamente las prácticas y representaciones asociadas a las barras, hinchas e hinchadas organizadas de cuatro paí­ses latinoamericanos: Argentina, Brasil, Costa Rica y México. Con base en elementos sincrónicos y diacrónicos, el objetivo es entender tanto las caracterí­sticas compartidas como las especificidades de esas agrupaciones y sus modos de apoyo clubí­stico durante la segunda mitad del siglo XX y las primeras décadas del siglo XXI. El argumento propuesto sostiene que hay más semejanzas estructurales que diferencias puntuales en el universo latinoamericano examinado. Para demostrar este argumento, se eligieron tres variables principales para comparar: 1. La historia del surgimiento y de la formación de estos grupos en cada uno de los paí­ses elegidos; 2. El modo de funcionamiento y organización contemporánea de esas entidades respecto a la distribución interna de poder, a la adquisición de prestigio y a las dificultades de mantenimiento del comando de los directivos, amenazados por el crecimiento cuantitativo y territorial de las hinchadas en los últimos decenios; 3. La comprensión de los discursos y de los datos cuantitativos relacionados con violencia entre hinchadas, tema controvertido del debate público en todos los paí­ses investigados, con un proceso de estigmatización que se alterna con formas jurí­dicas de criminalización de determinados grupos, en ciertos casos. Se concluye con el énfasis en la importancia de la continuidad de procedimientos analí­ticos comparativos, capaces de extrapolar, cuando no de cuestionar, los lí­mites del enfoque centrado tan solo en casos nacionales. Se entiende que esta escala limitada impide una comprensión más precisa de aspectos transnacionales de los estilos y prácticas de los seguidores del fútbol profesional, en su fase actual de espectacularización y mediatización.
Marcando la cancha: una aproximación al fútbol femenino desde las ciencias sociales
Authors: Alvarez Litke Martín
Published: September 2018

Si bien el género ha estado presente en los estudios sobre deporte en Argentina desde sus comienzos, aún son escasos los trabajos que analizan la participación de las mujeres en el deporte más importante del paí­s: el fútbol. El presente artí­culo pretende ser una contribución en este aspecto, analizando la incipiente bibliografí­a local sobre el fútbol femenino, a la luz de la más amplia producción internacional sobre la temática, mostrando los principales hallazgos, silencios, y las preguntas que quedan pendientes. Recuperamos los aportes de las investigaciones en torno a la sexualidad y la corporalidad de las deportistas, atendiendo a las posibilidades de rearticulación del dispositivo sexo-género-deseo a partir de la práctica del fútbol, y proponemos la necesidad de realizar etnografí­as que atiendan a la construcción identitaria de las jugadoras y a los sentidos que adquiere su práctica.
Perspectivas y problemáticas sobre el Mundial Argentina 78. Infraestructuras, gubernamentalidadesy festejos populares
Authors: Roldán Diego
Published: September 2018

Este trabajo presenta tres problemas que produjeron la gubernamentalidad del XI mundial de fútbol. Primero, la generación de condiciones de posibilidad: la construcción de infraestructuras urbanas y comunicacionales para el evento. Segundo, las convergencias de las tecnologí­as de gobierno militar y de gobierno deportivo. Tercero, el desarrollo paradójico de movimientos y corporalidades contenidas y reguladas en la ceremonia inaugural y unos cuerpos-performances carnavalescos en los festejos callejeros luego de la final.
Levoratti Alejo y Moreira Verónica (Compiladores, 2016). Deporte, Cultura y Sociedad. Estudios socio-antropológicos en Argentina. Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires: Teseo, 346 págs
Authors: Kopelovich Pablo
Published: September 2018

Reseña de Alejo Levoratti y Verónica Moreira (compiladores) (2016) Deporte, cultura y sociedad. Estudios socio-antropológicos en Argentina, Teseo, Buenos Aires.
Por Pablo Kopelovich
Somos socios cadetes, todaví­a no nos pasaron a pleno: institucionalización y desafí­os actuales del campo de Estudios Sociales del Deporte. Entrevista a Pablo Alabarces
Authors: Hang Julia , Iuliano Rodolfo
Published: September 2018

Somos socios cadetes, todaví­a no nos pasaron a pleno: institucionalización y desafí­os actuales del campo de Estudios Sociales del Deporte. Entrevista a Pablo Alabarces por  Julia Hang y Rodolfo Iuliano
Investigating Metacognitive Strategies for overcoming Barriers to Reading Comprehension: Insights from a Pakistani Context
Authors: Channa Mansoor Ahmed , Abassi Abdul Malik , Nordin Zaimuariffudin Shukri , Muhammad Jam Khan , Arain Rubina Shaheen
Published: September 2018

The main aim of this research was to investigate metacognitive strategies through reading comprehension practice by first year students of engineering departments. The students of four engineering departments were selected as the participants in this research work. The qualitative instrument based on focus group interview was used for collecting data from first year students of four engineering departments to know the perceptions and their needs to develop reading comprehension through metacognitive strategies. The researchers developed interview questions for this study. These questions were validated by two experts of faculty of cognitive science and human development at university Malaysia Sarawak. The researchers obtained permission from the chairmen of four departments at a university in Pakistan. Almost 8 groups consisting of 5 informants in each participated in this research. The data was documented by using audio-tape; NVivo software, version 8 was used to organize data for obtaining main themes of the study. This research generated the most important themes for the interpretation of the results. The study contributed the most promising results which revealed that more than half of these groups used metacognitive strategies in classroom reading practice while less than half of groups did not use strategies and remained poor in reading comprehension. This research suggested administrators, teachers, and curriculum designers to design and implement reading comprehension courses and syllabus for first year engineering students.
Spatial differences in migration of businesses: The example of Polish regions
Authors: Dziemianowicz Wojciech
Published: September 2018

Companies relocate in various manners. Some of them move by way of foreign direct investments, other relocate within their countries, regions or local areas of operation (e.g. when a company moves its seat to a different street). This paper focuses on the issue of relocating companies’ seats. Data analysis (on NUTS2 level) indicates that migration of companies leads to an increased concentration of businesses in the Mazovia region, in particular in Warsaw. Additionally, it was demonstrated that in all of the Polish voivodeships the majority of companies that migrate do so within their regions. The weakest “magnet” for businesses are the voivodeships belonging to the least developed areas in Poland (Eastern Poland) and the Opole voivodeship, which undergoes a significant decline in population.
The Security Environment of the V4 Countries
Authors: Ušiak Jaroslav
Published: September 2018

State security policy is not created in a vacuum. In general, policy‑making is affected by external and internal variables and influences on the security environment as well as by responses to all these factors. Political decision‑making is another significant intervening variable. The aim of this study is to define the security environment of the Visegrad countries in both its narrow and broader senses. To this end, I consider common factors that have affected - and continue to influence - all four countries in order to reveal and evaluate the policy development processes in these states up to the present day. My methodology relies on case studies that trace the security policies of each of the Visegrad countries since the end of the bipolar standoff. The comparison in my conclusion highlights significant challenges now affecting the security policies of all these countries including defence budgets, the crisis in Ukraine, the position of EU member states and growing nationalism and extremism.
Migration Policy of the V4 in the Context of Migration Crisis
Authors: Bauerová Helena
Published: September 2018

The migration crisis opened up new themes on the basis of the Visegrad Group, which has become the subject of negotiations. Reaction at the EU level showed no/coherence clusters and no/ability to share common positions in negotiations in the EU institutions. There has been a tendency to represent the Central European region as a unit with common interests and needs. The text analyzes 1) the migration policy of the Visegrad Group as a regional organization within the EU and 2) the separate negotiations of the V4 member states at the time of the migration crisis. Our basic assumption for the analysis is the assertion that the Visegrad Group has made it easier for Member States to formulate common positions and objectives in migration policy at a time of migration crisis.
The V4 and European Integration
Authors: Bauerová Helena
Published: September 2018

The activities of the Visegrad Group countries in the EU have clearly demonstrated a range of themes that Member States are willing to address on a common platform. The chapter analyzes the extent to which the V4 countries are able to seek common interest, which is subsequently presented as a common position representing V4 interest at EU level. The analysis is based on the presidency of the Visegrad Group countries in the EU. The Presidency will be analyzed in view of the merging of the interests between the Visegrad Group and EU policies. In particular, energy policy, enlargement policy and neighborhood policy were chosen plus the partial policies influenced by the integration process at the time, such as migration policy or quota system issues.
An East‑West Divide in the European Union? The Visegrad Four States in Search of the Historical Self in National Discourses on European Integration
Authors: Walsch Christopher
Published: September 2018

This article explores whether a new east‑west divide exists in the enlarged European Union by analysing national discourses on European integration in the Visegrad Four (V4) states. Two V4 foreign policy legacies form the basis of analysis: the “Return to Europe” discourse and the discourses around the reconstruction of the historical self. The article gives evidence that the V4 countries share sovereignty in external policies and thus have a distinct European orientation. V4 national‑conservative governments hold sovereigntist positions, however, in policy areas that they consider falling exclusively within the realm of the member state. Comparison with Western European member states gives evidence that the post-1945 paradigm changes were more profound than those of post-1989 ones of Eastern Europe. This historic legacy can explain the more integrationist orientations in Western Europe. The article concludes that behaviour of the individual V4 state seems to be of greater importance for each member than collective V4 group action. Finally, the article gives an outlook on ways in which solidarity between the Western and Eastern halves of the EU can be exercised in an ideologically diverging Union.
The Economic Competitiveness and Inclusive Development Nexus: Empirical Evidence from 101 Economies
Authors: Neagu Olimpia , Teodoru Mircea Constantin
Published: September 2018

The paper explores the association between economic competitiveness and inclusive development in 101 economies based on data provided by the 2018 World Economic Forum reports. Coefficients of ranks correlation and cluster analysis are used in this view. The values of Competitiveness Index and of Inclusive Development Index delivered by the 2018 World Economic Forum reports are considered. Economic competitiveness and inclusive development are positively associated in our sample of 101 economies and the correlation is stronger in the emerging countries as in the group of advanced economies. Among the advanced economies the mean scores of GCI and IDI are higher than in the group of emerging countries showing a better coordination of economic and institutional factors driving competitivity as well as inclusiveness. Countries belonging to a geographical region/continent/economic group are not grouped in the same cluster, emphasizing disparities among countries at regional/continental/economic group level. In the group of emerging economies, the disparities regarding competitivity and inclusiveness are lower than those among the advanced economies, the clusters are closer to one another and they are more homogeneous. Greater competitivity and economic performance can generate socioeconomic inequity that should be corrected through appropriate economic and social policy measures aimed to lead to wider distrbution of income and social inclusiveness.
Natural and human impact on land use change of the Sikkimese-Bhutanese Himalayan Piedmont, India
Authors: Prokop Paweł , Sarkar Subir
Published: September 2018

. Natural and human causes of land use transformation were analysed in the Sikkimese-Bhutanese Himalayan piedmont over last 150 years with special emphasize on period 1930-2010. A hydrologic and geomorphic approach was employed to delineate three study areas along river courses on alluvial fans stretching 10 km from the mountain front. The visual interpretation of topographic maps and satellite images combined with logical rules in GIS were used for determination of stable and dynamic areas from the viewpoint of land use changes. Analysis indicates rapid replacement of natural forest through location of tea plantations, crop cultivation and development of settlement in the late 19th century. The shift from natural to human dominated landscape caused increase land use stability through enlargement of areas with monoculture cultivation of tea and paddy between 1930 and 2010. The natural fluvial activity intensified by human induced deforestation of Himalayan margin and clearance of riparian vegetation along foothill channels became the most important factors of present-day land use changes of piedmont.
Two new Species of the Genus Neoseiulus (Parasitiformes, Phytoseiidae) With Redescriptions of N. Bicaudus and N. Micmac Based on Holotypes
Authors: Kolodochka L. A.
Published: September 2018

Phytoseiid mites of the genus Neoseiulus (Parasitiformes, Phytoseiidae), N. brachychaetus Kolodochka, sp. n. and N. akimovi Kolodochka, sp. n. from Georgia and Russia are described. Re-examination of the holotypes of N. bicaudus (Wainstein, 1962) and N. micmac (Chant & Hansell, 1971) revealed new characters for diff erentiation between similar species were found and proposed. Th e name N. micmac (Chant & Hansell, 1971) restored from synonymy here. A key to species similar to Neoseoiulus bicaudus is given.
Functional and Ecological Adaptations of Several Acaridid Mite Species (Acariformes, Astigmata) For Feeding on Stored Produce
Authors: Akimov I. A. , Oksentyuk Ya. R.
Published: September 2018

The ability of several acaridid species to colonize and feed in diff erent nutritional substrates, such as grain crops, oil seeds, damaged vegetables, mixed fodder, hay and straw from the mangers and litter of livestock keeping places, litter, ambrosia and dead bees from beehive bottoms, is investigated. Species-specifi c diff erences in indices of domination and occurrence, and of Sorensen and Jaccard coeffi cients of similarity of species compositions on diff erent substrates are related not only to the nutritional inequality of these substrates, but also to the mite ability to grind them and to absorb these substrates through intracellular, contact and cavitary digestion using certain hydrolytic enzymes.
Bipolar versus unipolar energy in the surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation in patients with mitral valve surgery
Authors: Canale Leonardo , Azevedo Bruno , Correia Marcelo Goulart , Chavez Ernesto , Macedo Erica , Mattoso Cintia , Lima Roberta , Vieira Juliana , Lamas Cristiane , Weksler Clara
Published: September 2018

Objective: To evaluate the presence of sinus rhythm or atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients who had mitral valve surgery with concomitant surgical ablation of AF, by unipolar or bipolar radiofrequency.

Methods: Adults patients who had mitral valve replacement or mitral valvuloplasty with concomitant surgical ablation of AF, either by unipolar or bipolar radiofrequency, were consecutively included between the 2008 and 2012. Surgery was done by conventional median sternotomy.

Results: A total of 99 patients were included; 20 (20.2%) had surgical ablation by unipolar energy and 79 (79.8%) by bipolar energy. There were 76 (76.8%) women, and mean age± SD was 51 ±11 years.  The median duration of AF before surgery was 41 months. Type of AF was paroxysmal in 21 (21%), persistent in 11 (11%), and long-standing persistent in 67 (67%). Mean left atrium size in the preoperative period was 5.54 ± 0.82 cm. Mean left ventricular ejection fraction was 58±12.4%. Types of mitral valve surgery were valvuloplasty (n=10), mechanical valve replacement in 30, and bioprosthesis replacement in 59. Concomitant tricuspid annuloplasty was performed in 39 patients. Thirty- day mortality was 8/99 (8%). Mean follow-up time was 1274 days (3.49 years). Survival was 92%. After 4 years no patient who had had unipolar ablation was in sinus rhythm, whilst 67% of those who had bipolar energy ablation were in sinus rhythm (p<0.001).

Conclusion: The use of bipolar energy is superior to unipolar energy in the surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation in patients submitted to mitral valve surgery.
A Transferable Machine-Learning Model of the Electron Density
Authors: Corminboeuf Clemence , Ceriotti Michele , Meyer Benjamin , Fabrizio Alberto , Grisafi Andrea , Wilkins David M.
Published: September 2018

We introduce an atom-centered, symmetry-adapted framework to machine-learn the valence charge density based on a small number of reference calculations. The model is highly transferable, meaning it can be trained on electronic-structure data of small molecules and used to predict the charge density of larger compounds with low, linear-scaling cost.
Metal-Organic Framework Crystal-Glass Composites
Authors: Hou Jingwei , Ashling Christopher W. , Collins Sean M. , Krajnc Andraž , Zhou Chao , Longley Louis , Johnstone Duncan , Chater Philip A. , Li Shichun , Coudert François-Xavier , Keen David A. , Midgley Paul A. , Mali Gregor , Chen Vicki , Bennett Thomas
Published: September 2018

The majority of research into metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) focuses on their crystalline nature. However, in recent research the vitrification of a number of MOFs has been revealed. We propose that the solid-liquid phase transitions involved in MOF-glass formation can provide unique opportunities for the creation of a new class of functional, stable and porous composite materials. Described herein is the design, synthesis, and characterisation of novel metal-organic framework (MOF) crystal-glass composites, formed by dispersing crystalline MOFs within a MOF-glass matrix. We demonstrate using structural characterisation and analytical electron tomography, that the coordinative bonding and chemical structure of a MIL-53 crystalline phase are preserved within the ZIF-62 glass matrix. Whilst separated phases, the microdomains of each lie close to one another and possess interfacial interactions which improve the mechanical properties of the composite glass. More significantly, the high temperature open pore phase of MIL-53, which spontaneously transforms to a narrow pore upon cooling, is stabilized at room temperature in the crystal-glass composite. This leads to a significantly higher gas adsorption capacity for the crystal-glass composite than for either constituent phase.