bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A call for joint action is urgently required in Middle East countries due to prolonged school closures/banning of girl students
Authors: Saokaew Surasak , Dogan Bahar Guciz , Pande Rekha , Griffiths Mark D. , Saeed Khwaja Mir Islam , Hosaini Farooq , Bhattacharya Sudip
Published: May 2022

N/A
Interpolation method for spatial distribution of clay content within residual soil
Authors: Satyanaga Alfrendo , Lim Aswin , Gofar Nurly
Published: May 2022

Residual soil is covering some parts of the tropical country such as Singapore. It is commonly known that residual soil is associated with variability either horizontally or vertically. As a result, it is necessary to have a method to determine the distribution of soil properties to minimize the need to have an excessive amount of boreholes before the commencement of the construction project. This paper presents the suitable interpolation method for the spatial distribution of clay content across Singapore island. The common term related to the spatial distribution of soil properties is called digital soil map. The selection of the best method to generate this map depends on different factors. Therefore, each case requires a thorough evaluation and comparison based on the interpolation results. Singapore's digital elevation model and its boundary were utilized in this study. A digital soil map was developed using ArcGIS software based on two interpolation methods such as ordinary kriging, and the inverse distance weighted method. These two methods were cross-validated and compared based on the regression analysis of the analyses results. Cross-validation was performed to verify the correctness of the mentioned interpolation methods. In order to validate the interpolation results, the mean error and the root mean square error were used. The results suggest that ordinary kriging could be used as a suitable method to generate the spatial distribution of clay content obtained from boreholes in Singapore.
Making PGA hazard curve in big cities of bengkulu by using USGS PSHA modified
Authors: Azwar Chintya Meidina , Syahbana Arifan Jaya , Sari Anggun Mayang , Asrurifak Muhammad , Hendriyawan Hendriyawan , Irsyam Masyhur
Published: May 2022

The tectonic plate movement that limits the Indonesian territory causes frequent earthquakes because the plates have dynamic rocks properties with varying strengths. The collision of the plates causes fault zones, such as in Bengkulu, a region traversed by the Sumatran fault with a record of many earthquakes. The rapid growth and development of technology could support increased infrastructure development by considering earthquakes a major global hazard. Therefore, this study aimed to create a PGA hazard curve useful in improving infrastructure development in Bengkulu's big cities. Data were sourced from the Book of Indonesian Earthquake Hazard and Source 2017. The United States Geological States Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis (USGS PSHA) software was modified regarding the Ground Motion Prediction Equation (GMPE) database. The GMPE used in this study are (1) BC Hydro (2012) updated for subduction source; (2) Campbel Bozorgnia (2014), Boore Atkinson (2014) and Chiou Young (2014) for shallow crustal source, and (3) Zhao et al. (2006) and Abrahamson et al. (2018) for intraslab, with 500, 1,000, 2,500, 5,000, and 10,000 years return periods. The results obtained using the new GMPE showed a change in the maximum acceleration. The Hazard Curve (HC) and PGA map showed that the Kepahiang and Lebong Districts have the highest PGA values of 1.8070 and 1.8433 g, respectively, for the 10,000 year return period. The lowest value was 0.297g recorded in Rejang Lebong for 500 year return period.
Evaluación de la actividad antibacteriana del extracto vegetal de las hojas de Solanum granuloso-leprosum Dunal
Authors: Aguilar S. , Mc Donald A. , Díaz A. , Martínez M. , Moura-Mendes J.
Published: May 2022

Las plantas son fuentes de moléculas biológicamente activas que pueden ser utilizadas para el tratamiento de diferentes afecciones. Solanum granuloso-leprosum, conocida como “hu’i moneha”, es una especie nativa del Paraguay, cuyas propiedades farmacológicas y composición química son aún desconocidas. Sin embargo, popularmente esta planta se utiliza como calmante, para aliviar la tos, depurar la sangre, tratar dolores orales, como los causados por las caries. Es por ello que, ante el desconocimiento de sus propiedades farmacológicas, este trabajo de investigación tuvo por objetivo evaluar la actividad antibacteriana del extracto vegetal de las hojas de Solanum granuloso-leprosum, así se llevó a cabo una investigación de tipo experimental, con diseño en bloques al azar, donde se utilizó la técnica de disco difusión frente a Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Salmonella typhimurium ATCC 13311 y Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, sometiéndolas a distintas concentraciones del extracto etanólico (2000, 1000, 500 y 250 μg.mL-1).En cuanto a los resultados, no se observó halos de inhibición en ninguna de las concentraciones ensayadas, una causa probable podría ser que el extracto bruto es aparentemente rico en ácidos grasos y ésteres. Finalmente, se concluye que el extracto de las hojas no demostró actividad antibacteriana frente a las cepas utilizadas en las condiciones ensayadas. Sin embargo, deben realizarse otras investigaciones variando el tipo de extracto con relación a la polaridad con el fin de elucidar otras posibles actividades biológicas y así ampliar la información científica sobre las propiedades terapéuticas de la especie estudiada.
Morfología y micrografía del ka’a he’e, Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni) Bertoni, provenientes de cultivares de Concepción, Paraguay.
Authors: Benítez Bonifacia , Pereira Claudia , González Fidelina , Molinas Carlos , Bertoni Siemens
Published: May 2022

En este trabajo de investigación, se realizó el análisis morfo-anatómico de Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni) Bertoni, para lo cual se aplicó los métodos micrográficos aplicados por Carpano & al (1994) y Spegazzini (2007). Así también, se evaluó la variación del tamaño foliar en 50 individuos de muestras provenientes de cultivares del Departamento de Concepción. De la observación de la anatomía foliar, caulinar y radical, se obtuvo la caracterización de los tejidos que forman parte de los órganos evaluados. Aplicando el análisis estadístico no paramétrico de Kruskal-Wallis, se concluyó que existen diferencias significativas (p<0.0001) entre las diferentes plantas tanto para el ancho como así también para el largo de las hojas. Del análisis bivariado sobre ambas variables, se obtuvo que r2: 0.66.
Estudio y utilización de dos especies vegetales para la obtención de un medicamento piloto rico en minerales y omega-3
Authors: Martínez Miguel , Pereira Claudia , González Fidelina , Benítez Bonifacia , Verdam María , Miguel Obdulio , Miyazaki Cristina
Published: May 2022

Se realizaron los estudios morfoanatómicos y micrográficos, de las especies vegetales Talinum paniculatum (Jacq) Gaertn y Medicago sativa L., con el fin de comprobar la autenticidad de las mismas, para ser utilizadas en la formulación de un medicamento piloto, que a la vez podría servir perfectamente como un suplemento nutricional, gracias al valioso contenido químico de ambas. En cada una de ellas se detecta la presencia de minerales como el sodio, potasio, manganeso, calcio, magnesio, hierro y zinc, indispensables para la homeostasis. Ensayos de identificación por cromatografía gaseosa acoplada a masas, delata la presencia de Omega-3, importante en la prevención de problemas cardiovasculares, contribuyendo eficazmente con la disminución de los niveles de triglicéridos y colesterol (Kris P., 2003). Los minerales mencionados con anterioridad, así como el Omega-3, contenidos de forma natural dentro de las células de las especies vegetales involucradas en esta investigación, son potenciados, al ser mezclados con resveratrol, que combate radicales libres agresivos para las células humanas, contribuyendo de esa manera a aumentar la longevidad de las mismas, retardando la vejez. Ensayos preliminares toxicológicos como el test de hemólisis y el bioensayo de letalidad con Artemia salina, fueron realizados en los extractos de cada especie vegetal, así como en el medicamento piloto propuesto, generando resultados interesentes que han demostrado la baja o nula toxicidad de las mismas.
Acrocomia aculeata (Jacq.) Lodd. ex Mart. (coco, mbocaya), una especie de uso múltiple en el Paraguay.
Authors: Benítez F. Bonifacia , Pereira S. Claudia , González G. Fidelina , Bertoni F. Siemens
Published: May 2022

Las plantas tienen diversidad de usos, Acrocomia aculeata es un ejemplo de la variedad de tipos de aprovechamiento que el hombre hace de un recurso vegetal. En este trabajo de investigación, se evaluó los diferentes tipos de usos de Acrocomia aculeata; se realizó un análisis de su importancia alimenticia, artesanal, como materia prima de artículos de limpieza, combustible, construcción, forrajera, medicinal, ornamental y religioso. Se realizó una caracterización de su estructura morfo-anatómica. Se identificó los diferentes tipos de comunidades naturales donde se encuentra Acrocomia aculeata, mencionándose además las especies acompañantes más relevantes.
Synthesis and Photophysical Properties of Pyrene-BODIPY Functionalized Subphthalocyanine Dyad
Authors: ÇETİNDERE Seda
Published: May 2022

The treatment of boron(III) subphthalocyanine chloride (SubPcCl) with borondipyrromethene (BODIPY) derivative consisting one pyrene group in toluene gave the corresponding axially substituted boron(III) subphthalocyanine dyad (SubPcBodiPy). Novel compound has been fully characterized by FTIR, mass, NMR (1H and 13C) spectroscopy and elemental analysis. Photophysical properties of SubPcBodiPy was investigated and compared with its precursors by fluorescence and absorption spectroscopy in THF. Accordingly, fluorescence lifetimes were measured directly by single exponential calculation.
Public Administration Ethics in the Czech Republic
Authors: Bohata Marie , Putnova Anna , Rasticova Martina , Seknicka Pavel , Szurmanova Monika , Cebakova Andrea
Published: May 2022

This article introduces the results of the first survey of Czech civil servants specifically targeting the domain of public ethics. The survey serves a double purpose: to provide data relevant for the development of a tailor-made ethics training programme for public officials, and to answer two research questions: (1) What are the main factors influencing the core values in Czech public administration? (2) Does the existence of ethics resources contribute to an improved ethical climate in the Czech public administration as perceived by public officials? The findings show that an ethical code is the most widespread, but often the only, ethics instrument implemented in Czech public administration and that the code is not used effectively. The results also confirm a positive but weak influence of the number of ethics resources on the perception of the existence of ethical problems, and a slight direct correlation between a higher number of resources and the perception of positive ethics development in the workplace. No support is found for the assertion that the more ethics resources are used by the organisation, the greater is the importance of the organisational culture for decision-making. This empirical research illustrates that - unlike in other countries of the former Eastern Bloc - ethics has been a low-priority agenda in Czech public administration and that enhancing ethical standards, and thus increasing citizens’ trust in public services, will be a long-term process. Leadership and leading by example, alongside ethics education and training, are the avenues to pursue.
Addressing Leader-Member Exchange and Self-Regulation as Remedies for Work Alienation: Insights from Private and Public Sectors in Turkey
Authors: Turkmenoglu Mehmet Ali , Cicek Berat , Erdur Duygu Acar
Published: May 2022

Although there is a growing body of literature on the consequences of work alienation, its antecedents have not received the same attention. Therefore, there is a need to examine elements affecting work alienation, the examination of which has been a preoccupation amongst both organisations and scholars. Drawing on the Social Exchange Theory and Self-Determination Theory, we aim to investigate the relationship between leader-member exchange, work alienation, and the mediation role of self-regulation on this relationship. We also consider whether tenure moderates the relationship between leader-member exchange and work alienation. To achieve the aim of the study, the quantitative research method is adopted by collecting data from 310 public and private sector employees and middle managers in Turkey. The partial least squares approach is employed to test the conceptual model, and multi-group analysis is used to examine whether the relationship differs with sector. The results reveal that leader-member exchange negatively affects work alienation, and self-regulation mediates this relationship. Tenure has a moderating effect on the relationship between leader-member exchange and self-regulation. Multi-group analysis results demonstrate a higher impact of leader-member exchange on self-regulation in the public sector than in the private sector. Implications, limitations, and future studies are drawn from the results.
Die lädierte Demokratie
Authors: Thiele Alexander
Published: May 2022

Die Vorgänge um die Erstürmung des Kapitols in Washington haben weltweit Fassungslosigkeit und Entsetzen ausgelöst, sind allerdings nur der (vorläufige) Höhepunkt bereits Jahrzehnte früher einsetzender gesellschaftlicher und politischer Veränderungen. Der Beitrag blickt zu den Anfängen dieser Entwicklung, die mit einer vor allem von Newt Gingrich vertretenen Strategie der Totalopposition Anfang der 90er Jahre an Fahrt aufnahm und durch Veränderungen in der Medienlandschaft zusätzlich befeuert wurde. Seitdem hat sich die Spaltung der politischen Lager weiter vertieft und ist das gegenseitige Misstrauen beider Seiten stetig angewachsen, sodass Donald Trumps “Big Lie” von der gestohlenen Wahl schließlich auf fruchtbaren Boden fallen und die gewaltsame Entladung am 6. Januar 2021 hervorrufen konnte. Sollte es Joe Biden nicht gelingen, das politische Klima abzukühlen und eine angemessene Kultur der Kooperation wiederzubeleben, ist es alles andere als sicher, dass die amerikanische Verfassungsordnung dies mittelfristig unbeschadet überstehen wird.
Hassrede und Desinformation als Gefahr für die Demokratie – und die Meinungsfreiheit als gleiche und positive Freiheit im Zeitalter der Digitalisierung
Authors: Hong Mathias
Published: May 2022

Der Beitrag untersucht, ausgehend vom Sturm auf das Kapitol als einem Symptom allgemeinerer autokratischer Gefährdungen der Demokratie (B.), die Gefahrenpotentiale von Hassrede und Desinformation in der Digitalisierung (C.) und die grundrechtlichen Gewährleistungspflichten, die sich daraus für die Netzkommunikation ergeben (D.). Als gleiche und positive Freiheit verlangt die Meinungsfreiheit, wie die anderen Kommunikationsfreiheiten, dass auch im Netz eine gleichgewichtige Meinungsvielfalt und die demokratische Gleichheit ebenso gesichert werden wie die Geistesfreiheit.
Kakuzô Okakura and Another Enlightenment in Early Twentieth-Century Japan
Authors: Otabe Tanishe ,   Polish Academy of Sciences
Published: May 2022

Western Enlightenment ideas had already been introduced to Edo-period Japan in the early nineteenth century. However, it was not until the Meiji Restoration in 1868 that the modern Japanese Enlightenment movement really took off, when Japan left the sinocentric sphere and adopted Western civilization as its frame of reference. In this paper, I focus on two contrasting thinkers: Yukichi Fukuzawa (1835–1901) and Kakuzô Okakura (pseudonym: Tenshin) (1863–1913). Fukuzawa, one of the leading thinkers of the Japanese Enlightenment, internalized the Eurocentric view of the history of civilization as a norm and made a significant contribution to the Westernization of Japan. In contrast, in the face of the oncoming modernization, or Westernization, Okakura sought on the one hand to revive the ideals of the East, which were in danger of being forgotten, and on the other hand, to relativize Western modernity itself. He thus reveals the possibility of another Enlightenment.
Against Psychological Atomism
Authors: Slote Michael ,   Polish Academy of Sciences
Published: May 2022

Total permissiveness can be captured by the phrase “anything goes.” Psychological atomism can be informally characterized by the idea that in the mind anything goes with anything. There is a strong tendency toward such thinking in Western philosophical thought—both in classical antiquity and during and since the Enlightenment. Perhaps the two most important philosophers of the Enlightenment, Hume and Kant, accepted more or less limited forms of atomism, and I shall explain in what follows in the main text and footnotes, why and how I think their atomism goes astray. Since much of Western philosophy since the Enlightenment to some extent bears its imprint, we shall also be seeing some recent examples of ill-conceived atomism. However, and despite the main themes of the present volume, I shall go well beyond the task of dealing with themes in Enlightenment thinking. In fact, I shall be relying on some unfamiliar aspects of Chinese thought to correct quite generally what I take to be erroneous atomistic thinking.
TECNOLOGIAS DIGITAIS: PROMOVENDO O DESENVOLVIMENTO SUSTENTÁVEL PARA O JOVEM DO CAMPO
Authors: Zarpelon Mirian Cátia , Kolcenti Cassiane , Balestrin Deisi , Tortelli Luana , Blazszack Vinicíus , Guedes Anibal Lopes
Published: May 2022

O desenvolvimento sustentável é hoje em dia, um dos principais desafios a ser enfrentado na atualidade. Inclui-se neste universo a agricultura, através da consolidação das atividades produtivas a fim de desenvolver de forma sustentável, a gestão da propriedade rural, bem como sua condição ambiental e social, sem degradar o capital natural e mantendo o bem estar da sociedade. Dentro desse processo, as novas tecnologias proporcionam o desenvolvimento de soluções criativas simples que visam melhorar a vida no campo, por meio do uso de mecanismos automatizados e materiais reciclados. Sendo assim, o se quer é discutir o conceito de sustentabilidade, em nível ambiental e das novas tecnologias, a fim apoiar o campo. Como metodologia propõe-se o estudo do kit robótico arduino no campo, por ser uma ferramenta open source de desenvolvimento e prototipagem eletrônica, fácil de utilizar e com flexibilidade de hardware e software. Por fim, somos parte da natureza e que ela não é composta apenas pelos seres humanos. Todos os seres são interdependentes e formam a comunidade de vida. A rede, que desta conectividade se deriva, é responsável pelo equilíbrio da vida e do planeta.
The Temple of Ramesses II in Abydos Volume 3
Authors: Iskander Sameh , Goelet Ogden
Published: May 2022

Of all the enormous monuments throughout Egypt and Nubia that Ramesses II (the Great; ca. 1279–1212 BCE) left behind, his temple at Abydos, built early in his reign, stands as one of his most elegant, with its simple architectural layout and dramatic and graceful painted relief scenes. Though best known for its dramatic reliefs depicting the battle of Kadesh, the temple also offers a wealth of information about religious and social life in ancient Egypt. It reflects, for example, the strenuous efforts of the early Ramessides to reestablish the Osiris cult in Egypt—and particularly at Abydos—in the aftermath of the Amarna period. Building on the comprehensive photographic and epigraphic documentation of the temple presented in The Temple of Ramesses II at Abydos volumes 1 (Wall Scenes) and 2 (Pillars, Niches, and Miscellanea), volume 3 (Architectural and Inscriptional Features) offers a detailed analysis of the overall architectural layout and decorative program of the temple and its symbolism. This discussion approaches the religious history of the site through its archaeology, its inscriptions—both planned and secondary (graffiti)—and its situation in the complex religious landscape of Abydos. Of particular interest are the temple’s role as a staging point for the great Osiris Festival and its procession, among the most important of all ritual events in the Egyptian religious calendar during the Ramesside period; the promotion of an active, unbound form of Osiris; and the evidence for important cult activities that took place on the rooftop of the temple, the presence of which is documented today by the staircase that accessed it from Court B.
Productivity of soybean and barley plants cultivated in succession and subjected to different rock powders
Authors: Cunha Gabriel Octávio de Mello , Almeida Jaime Antonio de
Published: May 2022

The use of rock powders, pure our combined, associated or not with organic sources can be an interesting strategy to improve soil fertility and increase plant productivity. This study aimed to evaluate the productivity of soybean and barley plants subjected to treatments with rock powders siltstone, tephrite, and olivine melilitite, pure or combined, associated or not with cattle manure compared with the conventional treatment. Two experiments with pots were carried out in a greenhouse in Cambisol and Nitisol, where soybeans and barley were cultivated, in succession, in 2019, until seed production. Plant productivity of soybean in conventional treatment was higher than the obtained in most treatments. For this same treatment, barley had greater productivity than that obtained in the other treatments. Among the tested rock powders, the best response of plants, in terms of productivity, was verified in treatments with olivine melilitite and siltstone + olivine melilitite, and poor response in those submitted to pure siltstone and tephrite. The combination of manure with these powders provided an increase in plant productivity, especially in the treatment with manure + siltstone + olivine melilitite, in which plant productivity was close to and, in some cases, higher than the obtained in the conventional treatment.
Qualidade de água em áreas influenciadas por uma estação de tratamento de esgoto na Amazônia
Authors: Nascimento Thiago Shinaigger Rocha , Monte Christiane do Nascimento , Correa Edinelson Saldanha
Published: May 2022

A Estação de Tratamento de Esgoto - ETE, localizada na região Amazônica, no Estado do Pará, foi construída para incrementar o sistema de saneamento da região, a qual utiliza o corpo hídrico para lançar seu efluente tratado. Portanto, a avaliação de influência do lançamento de efluente da ETE-Mapirí sobre a qualidade de água do corpo hídrico, se torna essencial para determinação das concentrações dos parâmetros físico-químicos e microbiológicos do corpo receptor, comparando-os com a Resolução 357/05 do CONAMA. Para tal, foram realizadas três campanhas, duas no período da seca e uma no período da cheia, sendo selecionado quatro pontos amostrais, P1(nascente), P2(Desembocadura), P3(Lago do Papucu) e P4(Foz), estabelecendo o P2 como montante e P3 jusante em relação ao ponto de lançamento de efluente. Adicionalmente, para cada ponto usou-se formulários com preenchimento de registro com código de identificação própria. Em seguida, as amostras foram coletadas em frascos de vidro e plástico quimicamente inertes com uma perfeita vedação e armazenadas em um isopor com gelo para refrigera-las, seguindo as orientações do Guia Nacional de Coleta e preservação de amostra. Ademais, após as coletas, as amostras foram encaminhadas para um laboratório o qual utiliza a metodologia do Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, foram realizadas as análises dos parâmetros de oxigênio dissolvido, condutividade, sólidos dissolvidos totais, temperatura, cor, alumínio, cloro residual, ferro, manganês, sulfato, sulfeto, zinco, nitrato nitrito, nitrogênio amoniacal, fenóis fluoreto, coliformes total e E.Coli. Continuamente, após as análises, comparou-se as concentrações de todos os pontos com a Resolução 357/05 do CONAMA, o ponto P1 foi utilizado como background, pois é o mais próximo à nascente. Em comparação com a Resolução 357/05, os pontos P2, P3 e P4 apresentaram concentrações de cor, oxigênio dissolvido, ferro, alumínio, manganês, cloro residual, fenóis e sulfeto em desconformidade com a Resolução. Conclui-se que a ETE Mapirí não influência nos parâmetros físico-químicos e microbiológicos do corpo receptor, pois mesmo que as concentrações nos pontos P2, P4 e P5 estejam acima da Resolução 357/05, quando se compara os valores da Montante(P2) e Jusante(P3), os valores à montante são superiores, ou seja, existe uma influência maior no corpo hídrico antes do lançamento de efluente, o qual tem interferência antrópica, como o lançamento de esgoto in natura.
Indicadores de sustentabilidade em suínos em fase de terminação
Authors: Tonetto Jaqueline Fernandes , Schmidt Verônica , Eggers Roger Alex , Ramborger Bibiana Melo
Published: May 2022

Este trabalho buscou caracterizar o perfil da atividade suinícola de um município por meio de indicadores, que permitem elencar as dimensões ambiental, socioeconômica e institucional. Analisaram-se 41 unidades produtoras de suínos em fase de terminação (UPT), utilizando um questionário. Determinou-se o perfil dos produtores e propuseram-se indicadores de sustentabilidade visando estabelecer o equilíbrio entre as dimensões socioeconômica, ambiental e institucional. Para tanto, cada dimensão foi avaliada por 15 indicadores constituídos por 15 critérios. Os indicadores representativos das três dimensões propostas foram classificados em baixo, médio e alto potencial. No perfil geral das UPTs, os suinocultores tinham idade média de 53 anos, 34% dos quais não concluíram o ensino fundamental; a força de trabalho familiar caracterizou 100% das UPTs; a qualidade de vida nas áreas rurais era satisfatória e a sucessão familiar, por ser um processo dinâmico e sistêmico, estava diretamente relacionada à modernização tecnológica nas UPTs. Constatou-se que o interesse dos descendentes em permanecer nas UPTs é um processo que se intensifica, proporcionalmente, à qualificação tecnológica e especialmente quando relacionada a tarefas básicas, como controle de custos e conhecimentos técnicos voltados para a melhoria da produtividade. O presente estudo permitiu propor indicadores para traçar o perfil da suinocultura de produtores cooperados a uma agroindústria e, a partir destes, foi possível estabelecer um equilíbrio entre as dimensões ambiental, socioeconômica e institucional. Por meio dos níveis de enquadramento dos indicadores, foi possível ter uma visão sistêmica sobre a dinâmica da suinocultura em um município na qual a suinocultura é umas das bases econômicas mais importantes.
The Mediating Effect of Social Support on the Relationship between Adult Attachment and the Subjective Happiness of University Students
Authors: Choi Ara
Published: May 2022

This study examines the relationship of adult attachment, social support, and subjective happiness of university students, and confirm the mediating effect of social support in the relationship between adult attachment and subjective happiness. Participants in this study consist of 284 university students enrolled in G city. Data were analyzed using SPSS and AMOS to conduct descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and a structural equation model. The main findings are as follows. First, Attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance showed negative correlations with social support and subjective happiness. And social support showed a positive correlation with subjective happiness. Second, social support showed a partial mediating effect on the effect of attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance on the subjective happiness of university students. This study is meaningful in providing basic data for educational and counseling interventions that enhance subjective happiness of university students.
THE SECOND DIVINE COUNCIL AT ODYSSEY 5.1–42 RECONSIDERED
Authors: Bär S F
Published: May 2022

This article reconsiders the much-discussed second divine council at the beginning of Book 5 of the Odyssey (5.1–42). It is demonstrated that this assembly is not a case of successive narration of simultaneous actions, as many scholars have maintained, but that the second council is necessary because Zeus, in order to avoid interdivine conflicts, has not kept his promise to initiate Odysseus’ repatriation as announced in the first council. It is further argued that Athene’s speech to Zeus (5.7–20), with its minacious tone and its cento-like composition, serves to put pressure on Zeus and to display Athene’s intellectual superiority.
SYMPHOSIUS, A NORTH AFRICAN MARTIAL?
Authors: Leary T J
Published: May 2022

The late-Latin compendium known as the Latin anthology includes a carefully composed verse collection of a hundred riddles. It was probably called the Aenigmata and written by a man called Symphosius, who might have come from North Africa; but very little is known for certain. The collection was, however, to have a profound influence on later riddle-writing and deserves attention for this reason alone. It is clear, however, that Symphosius was greatly influenced by the Xenia and Apophoreta of Martial, although this further reason has not been widely appreciated. This article sets Symphosius’ Aenigmata in its Martialian context before exploring its debts both in terms of form and arrangement and, by comparing individual riddles, explaining how Symphosius has varied, developed and extended his model. It concludes that he succeeded admirably in his self-appointed task of challenging comparison with his predecessor, and that he was a ‘Martial’ in his own right.
Wide-range and calibration-free H2S volume fraction measurement based on combination of wavelength modulation and direct absorption spectroscopy with cavity ringdown spectroscopy
Authors: Wang Zhen , Du Yan-Jun , Ding Yan-Jun , Lü Jun-Fu , Peng Zhi-Min ,   State Key Laboratory of Power Systems, Department of Energy and Power Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China,   School of Control and Computer Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 100084, China
Published: May 2022

Combining cavity ring down spectroscopy (CRDS) and wavelength modulated direct absorption spectroscopy (WM-DAS), a wide range and calibration-free gas concentration detection method is established, which has the advantages of high signal-to-noise ratio of CRDS and fast speed and measurable absolute concentration of WM-DAS. The baseline ring down time (τ0) can be calculated by measuring the absorptivity (WM-DAS) and ring down time (CRDS) at the central frequency of the spectral line, without real-time calibration, which greatly improves the speed of CRDS measurement. The measurement results of different H2S concentrations at 6336.617 cm–1 at room temperature and atmospheric pressure show that the dynamic measurement range of this method can be extended to more than 4 orders of magnitude, the measurement accuracy is improved in comparison with WM-DAS, and the detection limit can reach 1 × 10–9 in 40 s.
Factors that influence attitudes to and perceptions of public libraries in Namibia: user experiences and non-user attitudes
Authors: Lizazi-Mbanga Belinda , Mapulanga Patrick
Published: May 2022

This study assessed user experiences of a public library in Namibia and non-user attitudes to it. A convenience sample of 586 was employed. Participants in the study were 207 (35.3%) registered librarymembers and 379 (64.7%) non-users. Needs assessment questionnaires, suggestion box forms, interviews and observations were the tools used for the collection of data. The results indicated that thepublic library is well known to the local community and is mostly accessed by learners from local schools, teachers, and distance-learners from various tertiary educational institutions. Users from different occupations also accessed the library. The library was used for study purposes, research, access to computers and reprographic services. The results also revealed that, although services, resources and usage were found to be satisfactory, some users were not satisfied with the services because of inadequate space, irrelevant resources, attitudes of staff members, untidiness, location, poor internet connectivity, poor ventilation, and noise. The findings of this study can inform policymakers on how information access and services need to be improved.
Heat stress response in Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L.) revealed by transcriptome and physiological analysis
Authors: Zhang Lei , Dai Yun , Yue Lixin , Chen Guohu , Yuan Lingyun , Zhang Shifan , Li Fei , Zhang Hui , Li Guoliang , Zhu Shidong , Hou Jinfeng , Tang Xiaoyan , Zhang Shujiang , Wang Chenggang
Published: May 2022

High temperatures have a serious impact on the quality and yield of cold-loving Chinese cabbage, which has evolved to have a unique set of stress mechanisms. To explore the relationship between these mechanisms and the heat-tolerance of Chinese cabbage, the physiological indicators of the heat-tolerant ‘268’ line and heat-sensitive ‘334’ line were measured. Under heat stress, the proline (Pro), soluble sugar (SS), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) indexes of the ‘268’ line increased significantly. When additionally using transcriptome analysis, we found that the identified 3,360 DEGs were abundantly enriched in many metabolic pathways including ‘plant hormone signal transduction’, ‘carbon metabolism’, and ‘glycolysis/gluconeogenesis’. Dynamic gene expression patterns showed that HKL1 in Cluster 15 may be a key factor in the regulation of sugar homeostasis. The interaction network screened four ABA-related genes in Cluster 15, suggesting that high temperatures lead to changes in hormonal signaling, especially an increase in ABA signaling. Compared with the ‘334’ line, the expressions of Prx50, Prx52, Prx54, SOD1, and SOD2 in the ‘268’ line were significantly upregulated, and these genes were actively involved in the reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging process. In summary, our results revealed the relationship between plant heat tolerance, physiology, and biochemistry and may also provide ideas for the future development of high-quality and heat-tolerant Chinese cabbage germplasm resources.
Prevalence of food addiction using the Yale-C scale in Mexican children with overweight and obesity
Authors: Cura-Esquivel Idalia , Ramos-Álvarez Juan , Delgado Edna , Regalado-Ceballos Airam
Published: May 2022

Background

The prevalence of excess weight and obesity in children has increased significantly worldwide. The concept of food addiction (FA) has been associated with eating-related problems and obesity. Studies on this topic have primarily examined adult samples and little is known about addictive-like eating among Mexican children and adolescents.

Methods

We conducted this study to examinate the prevalence of FA in a group of 291 overweight and obese children and adolescents using YFAS scale for children (YFAS-C) in Mexico.

Results

According to the YFAS-C approximately 14.4% of participants met for FA diagnosis. Forty-two (14.4%) received a FA diagnosis: 14 children and 28 adolescents. The number of FA symptoms in participants who received an FA diagnosis (M = 4.35, SD = 1.07) compared to participants with no FA diagnosis (M = 1.70, SD = 1.53) was significantly higher (p ≤ 0.001). There were no statistically significant gender differences and the proportion of subjects with an FA diagnosis did not differ by age between children and adolescents. FA is a focus of interest in attempting to explain certain behaviors that may contribute to the development of obesity and explain the failure of the weight loose programs in children.
El paradigma derivativo del inglés antiguo: alternancias, recursividad y desajustes en la formación basada en los verbos fuertes
Authors:   Universidad de La Rioja (España), Arista Javier Martín
Published: May 2022

Este artículo trata de la formación de nombres, adjetivos y verbos a partir de verbos fuertes en inglés antiguo. Metodológicamente, se destaca el papel central del verbo fuerte en la derivación léxica. Desde el punto de vista descriptivo, se analiza exhaustivamente la derivación a partir de las siete clases de verbos fuertes, incluidos los distintos procesos de derivación cero, prefijación y sufijación, así como la formación a partir de los grados vocálicos, las alternancias que establecen con los derivados y las formaciones recursivas. La conclusión principal es que las alternancias y los desajustes de la derivación producen opacidad en la morfología derivativa y, por lo tanto, podrían haber contribuido a la modificación radical que esta sufre posteriormente
The Western Missionary Instituted Churches: Any room for Dialogue with the African Instituted Churches (AICs) in South Africa?
Authors: Mbaya Henry
Published: May 2022

This study discusses the critical issue of the relationship between Western Missionary Instituted Churches and African culture in Southern Africa. It argues that situated in Africa, dialogue between Western Missionary Instituted Churches and African culture is not an option but rather a matter of necessity in light of their missionary mandate. The necessity for dialogue with African culture has since the 1950s and 1960s been demonstrated by African Initiated Churches’ successful attempts of appropriating critical elements of African culture and values. This development demonstrates that the African context is dynamic with traditions which can enrich the Western Missionary Instituted Churches self-understanding and therefore make them capable of doing mission contextually and ipso facto more relevantly. The article argues that the concept of relationship in the form of a family can enrich the Western Missionary Instituted Churches’ self-understanding and the manner which it can engage mission. An ecclesiology centred on the African concept of family constitutes a key principle for missional praxis in Africa.
Rifampicin Resistance by Xpert MTB/RIF Assay in Pulmonary Tuberculosis- Is there a Need for Confirmation by Retesting?
Authors: Kanade Swapna Rajesh , Vijay Swati , Nataraj Gita
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Xpert Mycobacterium tuberculosis/ resistance to Rifampicin (MTB/RIF) assay detects MTB complex (MTBC) and rifampicin resistance simultaneously. In high prevalence countries like India, detection of rifampicin resistance in sputum specimen of a newly diagnosed case of pulmonary TB with a low pretest probability needs to be confirmed by retesting. Aim: To evaluate the results of retesting of rifampicin resistant specimens in newly diagnosed pulmonary TB cases. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis of the data of Xpert assay was performed on specimens received in Department of Microbiology, Seth G.S. Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. If rifampicin resistance was detected in a newly diagnosed case of Tuberculosis (TB), a second specimen was retested by Xpert assay for confirmation. Concordance of retesting was seen with results of Line Probe Assay (LPA). Results: Total 27,429 specimens were processed by Xpert assay of which 803 specimens showed rifampicin resistance, 157 sputum specimens fulfilling criteria of Programmatic Management of Drug resistant Tuberculosis (PMDT) guidelines were retested. High, medium, low and very low bacterial load was observed in 30, 51, 34 and 42 specimens’ respectively. All specimens having high or medium bacillary load showed rifampicin resistant result on retesting. On retesting 34 sputum specimens with low bacterial load, rifampicin resistance was confirmed in 30 specimens. LPA done after growing them by liquid culture confirmed rifampicin resistance in remaining four specimens. Conclusion: Xpert assay is recommended when the bacterial load identified by Xpert assay is very low and when there is discordance between Xpert results of rifampicin resistance and the reflex LPA testing.
Effects of Different Pesticides on the Biological Control Agent, Habrobracon hebetor Say (Hymenoptera: Braconidae): A Review
Authors: Asadi Mohammad
Published: May 2022

I reviewed effects of different pesticides used against target insect of Habrobracon hebetor Say (an idiobiont and gregarious ectoparasitoid wasp), on the demography and functional response of this important biocontrol agent in Iran. For demographic studies, the young wasps of H. hebetor (under 24h old) were exposed to LC30 of each pesticide for 24h and then their desired features are investigated. About the functional response, sixty mated females of H. hebetor were treated by LC30 of selected pesticides for 24h. Then, among them six wasps were selected and introduced to different densities of host larvae for 24h. In conclusion, result of review confirmed that botanical and insect growth regulator (IGRs) pesticide due to the lowest negative effects on H. hebetor were compatible compared with the other pesticides for their successful combination in integrated pest management (IPM) designs.
Assessment of the Effectiveness of Medical Emergency Preparedness among Oil and Gas Platforms in the Niger Delta
Authors: Dakpokpo Oshoke Anselm , Ugwoha Ejikeme , Wejie-Okachi Chinunam
Published: May 2022

The need for effective Medical Emergency Preparedness (MEP) systems in an offshore facility is of great importance due to the high Health Safety and Environment (HSE) risks to Personnel on Board in the terrain. Despite the great strides recorded in Nigeria’s offshore oil and gas sector, little is known about the availability of a nationally constituted evaluation tool for offshore MEP systems in the oil and gas industry in Niger Delta. Hence, the call for a systematic national MEP framework based on the provisions of global best practices. This paper is aimed at assessing the effectiveness of the MEP framework of three selected offshore (jack up) oil and gas platforms in the Niger Delta. Data were obtained using a standard checklist and self-structured questionnaire and a purposive sampling technique adopted from a population of selected three jack up rigs operating in Niger Delta. The analysis was conducted using analysis of variance at 95% confidence interval. The effectiveness levels expressed as a function of numerical scores were used to carry out statistical comparative study to check for consistency in operability and quality. Results from the Welch robust test of equality of means showed to be significant (p < 0.05) for all 3 rigs. However, the pairwise post-analysis at 95% confidence interval showed that the mean difference between Rig1 and Rig2 were not significant (p-value = 0.352). But the other pairs (Rig1 versus Rig3 and Rig2 versus Rig3) showed considerable differences in their mean scores with p-values of 0.001 and 0.001, respectively. It is concluded that the rig’s functionality plays a role on the MEP system’s effectiveness of jack up platforms in the Niger Delta. Therefore, the study advocates for a robust and holistic substantial national assessment tool for oil and gas regulatory authorities for evaluating and monitoring MEP systems of various offshore companies.
Online Support for Education, Medication, Agriculture and Relief Work at COVID-19 Pandemic Time
Authors: Rahman Kawsar , Khan Md. Ashikur Rahman , Ahammad Ishtiaq
Published: May 2022

The future of Bangladesh belongs to the younger generation. All of us have to do our bit to get them involved in improving the lives of the rural poor. If we do not do so, there will be serious social conflicts. Unless we can provide basic amenities so that the rural poor can live a meaningful life, we will never become a great nation. This is a great challenge for all youngsters and it is our work’s dream that they will take it up so as to make Bangladesh a better place to live and work. This work describes an organization named “Neuron Group” which contains four fields: Edu-Care (Neuron Educational Support Center), Medi-Care (Neuron Medical Support Center), Agri-Care (Neuron Agricultural Support Center) and Relief-Care (Neuron Relief Support Center). Students will have the opportunity to study with the most talented doctors and engineers of the country. The contribution of this work is to keep the students in their studies at pandemic time (covid-19 period) with the help of our website and social media such as Facebook, twitter and Instagram. Other contributions of this work are social awareness, to develop rural areas, create employment, help increase the income of poor people, raise awareness among poor people, bringing poor people into the mainstream of society, assistance in agriculture and financial assistance of poor and marginal farmers. In the district where the "Neuron Group will have a branch", a list of rational poor and destitute based on the wards of each Upazila of the district will be prepared and they will be given food aid from time to time.
Global Clustering Coefficient of the Products of Complete Graphs
Authors: Damalerio Remarl Joseph M. , Eballe Rolito G.
Published: May 2022

The global clustering Coefficient Cc(G) of a connected graph G of order at least 3 is a metric that somehow measures how close G to being a complete graph. Its value ranges from 0 to 1. In this paper, we will show that for the tensor product Km ⊗ Km and cartesian product Km ʘ Km  Cc(Km⊗Km) and Cc(Km ʘ Km ) approach to 1 and 1=2, respectively, as m → ∞.
Ameliorative Effect of Vitamin E on Paraquat Induced Haematological Disorder in Male Albino Rats
Authors: Nnamdi Okolonkwo, Benjamin , Nyebuchi Jonathan, , Collins Adjekuko, Ohwonigho , Udu Zebedee, Loveday
Published: May 2022

Paraquat is a controversial herbicide that can increase reactive oxygen species levels by undergoing redox cycling and producing reactive oxygen species such superoxide anion. Vitamin E is a fat soluble vitamin that modulates oxidation processes in the body due to its particular antioxidant activity. It is a powerful chain-breaking antioxidant that limits the synthesis of reactive oxygen species molecules. The goal of the study was to see if vitamin E had a short-term therapeutic impact on paraquat-induced male albino rats. For the experiment, 200 male albino rats were employed. The 200 rats were separated into four primary groups (A, B, C, and D), each of which included 50 rats and was then subdivided into two subgroups, each with 25 rats. The "A" group was not induced paraquat, but the "B," "C," and "D" groups were induced 0.02g, 0.04g, and 0.06g of paraquat, respectively. The "A" group was divided into two subgroups: "A0" and "AVE," which represented the subgroups that were not given Vit E and those who were given Vit E       (500 mg) respectively. This design was similar for groups "B," "C," and "D." The frequency of paraquat introduction was fortnightly for three months, then followed by vitamin E treatment weekly for two month. After the treatment with Vit E, the rats were sacrificed and blood was taken to analyze several hematological parameters (Hemoglobin concentration [Hb], Packed Cell volume [PCV], Total White blood cell count [T-WBC], Neutrophils and Lymphocytes). These hematological parameters differed significantly across the "Ao," "Bo," "Co," and "Do" groups, at p-value < 0.05. This was equally true for the "Ave," "Bve," "Cve," and "Dve," groups at p-value < 0.05. The findings also revealed that intra-group comparisons of Hb, PCV levels between B0 vs Bve, C0 vs Cve, and D0 vs Dve were significant different, p-value<0.05 whereas WBC, neutrophils and  lymphocytes were not p-value>0.05. This study has shown that PQ insult on anaemia indicators in rats can be corrected by a weekly administration of the vitamin.