bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Microwave-Assisted, Rapid Synthesis of Benzimidazole based Potential
Anticancer Agent Methyl 1-benzyl-2-(4-fluoro-3-nitrophenyl)-1Hbenzo[
d]imidazole-5-carboxylate (TJ08) via T3P Mediated Cyclization
Authors: Jagadeesha G.S. , Thimmegowda N.R. , Mantelingu K. , Prasanna D.S. , Rangappa K.S.
Published: February 2023

A novel microwave assisted protocol for the rapid synthesis of methyl 1-benzyl-2-(4-fluoro-3-
nitrophenyl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-5-carboxylate (TJ08) with potent antileukemic activity has been
developed with excellent yields in 31 min of reaction time over 5 steps, whereas the conventional
heating method required around 17 h. In this method, n-propanephosphonic acid anhydride (T3P) was
used as a coupling reagent for amidation, during this reaction the in situ generated byproduct
n-propylphosphonic acid subsequently catalyzes the cyclization reaction to form benzimidazole ring
and hence this novel protocol affords to synthesize the novel benzimidazole derivatives expeditiously
to develop new druggable compounds.
Effect of Calcium on Two-Dimensional Morphology and
Photocatalytic Properties of Tin Oxide Nanoparticles
Authors: Vallimeena S. , Helina B.
Published: February 2023

A simple, inexpensive and environmental friendly co-precipitation approach has been used to synthesize
calcium doped SnO2 photocatalysts effectively with a high surface area. The X-ray diffraction (XRD),
scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR),
ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopies all have been used to
characterize the structural, morphological, optical and electrochemical properties of the prepared
SnO2:Ca nanoparticles. Both crystallized SnO2 and SnO2:Ca nanoparticles have tetragonal geometry.
The structure and defects of the prepared sample were verified by the Raman spectra. The redshift in
optical investigations confirmed the reduction in the optical band gap with increasing Ca content. The
photocatalytic decomposition of methylene blue were also carried out using prepared SnO2:Ca
nanoparticles in visible light. In particular, when compared to other samples, the SnO2:Ca (7 wt.%)
nanoplates show the best photocatalytic activity which is confirmed from the low photoluminescence
spectrum. By evenly dispersing Ca atoms across the SnO2 matrix, the band gap may be significantly
lowered, allowing for more effective separation of photogenerated electron-hole pairs and, in turn,
more visible-light absorption. The charge separation efficacy of SnO2:Ca (7 wt.%) nanoplates has
been confirmed by EIS measurements.
Virtual and in vitro, in vivo Screening of Transition Metal Complexes of
N,N-Chelating Ligand: Experimental and Theoretical Investigations
Authors: Nasar Nazeer Mohamed , Samuel Michael , Jayaraman Porkodi , Sheela Freeda Selva , Raman Natarajan
Published: February 2023

Several transition metal complexes [ML(phth)], where M = Cu(II), Zn(II), Co(II) and Ni(II), X =
phthalic acid and L = Schiff base generated from benzene-1,2,diamine and 4-chlorobenzaldehyde,
were synthesized and characterized by IR, UV-Vis, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and mass spectra. According
to the physico-chemical studies, all the synthesized metal(II) complexes have a square planar geometry.
The DNA nuclease activity of the synthesized metal complexes was investigated using UV absorption
assay and viscosity, validating the intercalative mechanism of binding. Antimicrobial activity of the
ligand and its metal(II) complexes on various microorganisms was also investigated. The optimal
form and biological accessibility of the metal complexes were examined by the Gaussian 09W algorithm.
These compounds were screened for drug-like activity and pharmacokinetic studies using the free
SWISS ADME online software. The positive outcomes of molecular docking studies on the COVID-19
virus and cancer DNA are interesting.
Optimized Geometry, NBO, MEP, Docking Analysis and
Antimicrobial Activity of (2R,3R)-Butanediol Bis(methanesulfonate)
Authors: Babila P.R. , Sheela G. Edwin , Ashlin E.S.
Published: February 2023

In this work, quantum chemical computations using density functional theory (DFT) with the wB97XD
basis functional were used to characterize (2R,3R)-butanediol bis(methanesulfonate) (BBM). Natural
bond orbital analysis was used to examine the electronic chemical stability of the BBM induced by
hyperconjugative interactions and charge delocalization. The compound is chemically active and the
atomic sites prone to electrophilic/nucleophilic attack were recognized form molecular electrostatic
potential (MEP) surface. Molecular docking studies were on four (Candida albicans, Aspergillus
niger, Bacillus cereus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) organisms PDB antibacterial proteins and higher
binding energy and lower inhibition constants of the docked complex were endorsed the inhibition
activity of BBM against the 5DXF, 1UKC, 4NQ6 and 4LJH targets. In vitro analysis had also performed
with two antimicrobial pathogens viz. Candida sp. and E. coli.
Single-Donor and Pooling Strategies for Fecal Microbiota Transfer Product Preparation in Ulcerative Colitis: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Levast Benoît , Fontaine Mathieu , Nancey Stéphane , Dechelotte Pierre , Doré Joël , Lehert Philippe
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND:

Patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) have a less diverse microbiome than healthy subjects. Multiple studies have evaluated fecal microbiota transfer (FMT) in these patients using different methods of product preparation, doses, and routes of administration. A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to compare the efficacy of single-donor (SDN) and multi-donor (MDN) strategies for product preparation.

METHODS:

Systematic searches were performed in Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, and Orbit Intelligence for studies comparing FMT products manufactured using SDN or MDN strategies to placebo in patients with UC. Fourteen controlled studies were selected for meta-analysis (10 randomized and 4 non-randomized). The treatment response was assessed by using fixed and random effects models and the significance of the indirect difference between the interventions was assessed using a network approach.

RESULTS:

Considering all 14 studies, MDN and SDN were superior to placebo in terms of treatment response (risk ratios (RRs): 4.41 and 1.57, respectively (P≤0.001 for both)), and MDN was superior to SDN (RR: 2.81, P=0.005). Meta-analysis of the 10 studies with high quality of evidence showed that MDN was superior to SDN in terms of treatment response (RR: 2.31, P=0.042). Results were identical for both models.

CONCLUSIONS:

There was a significant clinical benefit (remission) for patients with UC who received FMT with products manufactured by MDN strategies. Reduction of donor effect may lead to a gain in microbial diversity that could improve response to treatment. These results may have implications in the treatment approach of other diseases amenable to microbiome manipulation.
Cyclic Cushing’s syndrome: difficulties of diagnostic search and choice of treatment tactics. A clinical case
Authors: Dzeranova L. K. , Dorovskikh A. V. , Pigarova E. A. , Lapshina A. M. , Vorotnikova S. Y. , Shutova A. S. , Perepelova M. A. , Grigoriev A. Yu. , Azizyan V. N.
Published: February 2023

Cyclic Cushing’s syndrome is a pathological condition characterized by alternating periods of excessive cortisol secretion with corresponding clinical manifestations and periods of spontaneous remission of the disease.

To diagnose Cyclic Cushing’s syndrome it is necessary to record at least three episodes of excessive cortisol secretion alternating with periods of normalization of its production.

In most cases, this pathology is diagnosed in patients with ACTH-secreting pituitary tumor, however, there are rare cases of cyclic hypercorticism with ectopic ACTH secretion by tumors of different localization and without verification of pathological hormonal secretion focus. In addition, cyclic hyperproduction of cortisol can be also observed in ACTH-independent Cushing’s syndrome associated with the presence of corticosteroma or adrenal hyperplasia. The exact causes and mechanisms of the cyclic hypercorticism are currently insufficiently studied.

Due to the atypical course of the disease, the unpredictability of the occurrence of a new «cycle», the variability of its duration and manifestations (not only in different patients, but also in the same patient), verification of the diagnosis and determination of treatment tactics may be difficult in the daily practice of specialists, and the prevalence of this condition can be undervalued.
Puberty induction in boys with congenital isolated hypogonadotropic hypogonadism
Authors: Kokoreva K. D. , Chugunov I. S. , Kareva M. A. , Bezlepkina O. B.
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND: Gonadotropin therapy in boys with congenital isolated hypogonadotropic hypogonadism helps to increase testes volume and induce spermatogenesis in comparison with testosterone therapy. However, difficulties with dose titration, partial therapy success, absence of generally accepted regimen protocols don’t allow to use this therapy in order to induce puberty in adolescents with Kallmann syndrome or normosmic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism.

AIM: To assess the effectiveness of combination hormonal replacement therapy via human chorionic gonadotropin and recombinant follicle stimulation hormone in adolescents with congenital isolated normosmic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and with Kallmann syndrome

MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is an open single-center prospective non-controlled study. Boys with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism were receiving hormonal replacement therapy for 12 months. Initial dose of human chorionic gonadotropin was 500 IU per week. Initial dose of recombinant follicle stimulation hormone was 37.5 IU per week. Doses were doubled in 6 months. Antropometric data, Tanner stage, testes volumes, inhibin B and anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) levels were evaluated in all the patients before the treatment, after 6 and 12 months of the therapy.

RESULTS: 8 boys with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism were included into the study. Median age before therapy initiation was 15.7 years [15.33; 16.41]. In 12 months after the therapy initiation puberty development, testosterone increase from 0.44 [0.34;0.62] to 4.39 [0.88;10.51] nmol/l (p=0.012), AMH decrease from 35.70 [18.00;59.00] to 14.41 [11.60;16.65] ng/ml were noted in all the patients (p=0.017). Testes volumes increase and inhibin B level increase were not statistically significant.

CONCLUSION: Gonadotropin therapy is effective in order to puberty initiation in adolescents with congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. In helps to achieve not only androgenization, but also to Sertoli cells maturation.
Use of metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes and acute myocardial infarction: safety and impact on glycemic control
Authors: Korotina M. A. , Pochinka I. G. , Strongin L. G.
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND: Myocardial infarction (MI) in patients with diabetes type 2 (T2DM) occurs 1.5–3.0 times higher than in general population. Metformin is contraindicated for patients with T2DM and acute coronary syndrome due to the risk of developing lactic acidosis. Using metformin more than 48 hours of MI is a topical question, which will help to improve patient’s safety.

AIM: To evaluate the safety and quality of glycemic control using metformin in patients with T2DM during inpatient treatment for MI

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 161 patients with T2DM, who were hospitalized consecutively with acute MI with ST-elevation and underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Average time of metformin initiation was 5th day from admission. Creatinine was assessed at admission and 48 hours after PCI. The acid-base balance and lactate were assessed at admission and on the 3rd day after the start of using metformin. Criteria for the effectiveness of glycemic control was the proportion of glycemic measurements in target range of 6.1–10.0 mmol/l during hospitalization (“hospital time in range”, hTIR). hTIR >55% was considered to be a critical level. The long-term outcome was estimated at 365 days after hospitalization.

RESULTS: Metformin was prescribed to 99 patients (61%) (“M+”group) during the hospitalization, 62 patients were in “M-”group. Use of metformin was accompanied with better glycemic control in the «M+» group compared to the «M-»: mean glycemia 9.3 ± 1.6 vs 10.3 ± 2.3 mmol/l (p=0,002), SD 2.87 ± 1.1 vs 3.26 ± 1.8 (p=0,049), hTIR 60 ± 18% vs 48 ± 23% (p<0,001). There were clinically insignificant changes in acid-base balance on the 3rd day from the start of metformin use in the “M+” group, the lactate level did not increase. Use of metformin before to hospitalization with MI was not associated with an increased risk of developing acute kidney injury (AKI): RR 0.85 (0.37–1.96), p=0,691.

CONCLUSION: Use of metformin in patients with T2DM and acute MI is associated with better glycemic control. Carrying out angiography in patients, treated with metformin before the hospitalization, is not accompanied by an increased risk of developing AKI. Appointment of metformin in 3–7 days after angiography does not lead to an increase level of lactate and significant deviations in acid-base balance.
Electroencephalogram features in children with congenital hyperinsulinism treated according to the international protocol in Russian Federation
Authors: Sarakaeva L. R. , Ryzhkova D. V. , Mitrofanova L. B. , Bairov V. G. , Sukhotskaya A. A. , Smorodin A. P. , Eftich E. A. , Kelmanson I. A. , Nikitina I. L.
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND: Congenital hyperinsulinism (CHI) is a rare life-threatening disease characterised by persistent hypoglycaemia as a result of inappropriate insulin secretion, which can lead to irreversible neurological defects in infants.

AIM: To evaluate neurophysiological characteristics of central nervous system in children with congenital hyperinsulinism treated according to the international protocol in Russian Federation.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Our retrospective, prospective cohort study included 73 patients who received treatment for CHI according to the current international protocol at different departments of the Almazov National Medical Research Centre from 2017 to 2022. All patients underwent a comprehensive examination, including electroencephalography (EEG).

RESULTS: Among 73 patients with CHI, 35% (23) had focal form of the disease, 65% had non-focal form (49% (39) — diffuse form, 16% (11) — atypical form). All patients with focal form of CHI had a recovery as an outcome.

Analysing the EEG data we found that paroxysmal activity was recorded in 23 patients (32%), 50 patients did not have paroxysmal activity (68%). Diffuse changes were observed in 47 patients (64%), whereas 26 patients (36%) were absent of it. By constructing Kaplan-Meier curves we found that the alpha rhythm is formed significantly (p=0.026) earlier in patients with a focal form of CHI.

CONCLUSION: CHI patients treated according to the international guidelines in Russian Federation show rather positive neurological outcome. We established that alpha rhythm earliest formation is associated with focal form of CHI.
THE APPLICATION OF SOCIAL MODEL FOR HANDLING COMMUNICATION OF CHILDREN WITH AUTISM
Authors: Kusumastuti Frida
Published: February 2023

Borrowing studies on disability discourse, there are two leading models of disability discourse, namely the medical model and the social model (LoBianco & Sheppard-Jones, 2008). Through these two models, the interaction of people with autistic children shows a different way. This study wants to show how the application of social models in handling the communication of children with autism. The case was taken in the life of Ry (14) - an autistic boy living in Malang, East Java. Research was carried out through participant observation, and interviews with the subject, namely Ry's parents. Data findings were analyzed using the concept of disability discourse. The result shows that the Ry family apply the social model more by following a typical child communication pattern but collaborated with social rules that allow both parties to feel comfortable communication. Ry's parents condition the other party that Ry has the potential to interact with-communication by giving detailed information about Ry's uniqueness.
On the Almgren minimality of the product of a paired calibrated set
and a calibrated manifold of codimension 1
Authors: Liang Xiangyu
Published: February 2023

In this article, we prove the various minimality of the product of a 1-codimensional calibrated manifold and a paired calibrated set. This is motivated by the attempt to classify all possible singularities for Almgren minimal sets – Plateau’s problem in the setting of sets.
The Almgren minimality was introduced by Almgren to modernize Plateau’s problem. It gives a very good description of local behavior for soap films. The natural question of whether the product of any two Almgren minimal sets is still minimal is still open, although it seems obvious in intuition.
We prove the Almgren minimality for the product of two large classes of Almgren minimal sets – the class of 1-codimensional calibrated manifolds and the class of paired calibrated sets. The general idea is to properly combine different topological conditions (separation and spanning) under different homology groups, to set up a reasonable topological condition and prove the minimality for the product under this condition, which will imply the Almgren minimality.
A main difficulty comes from the codimension – algebraic coherences such as multiplicity, separation and orientation do not exist anymore for codimensions larger than 1.
An unexpectedly useful thing in the present paper is the flow of the calibrations. Its most important role among all is helping us to do the decomposition of a competitor with the help of the first projections along the flows.
Universal lower bound of the convergence rate of solutions for a semi-linear heat equation with a critical exponent
Authors: Hoshino Masaki
Published: February 2023

We study the behavior of solutions of the Cauchy problem for a semi-linear heat equation with critical non-linearity in the sense of Joseph and Lundgren.
It is known that if two solutions are initially close enough near the spatial infinity, then these solutions approach each other.
In this paper, we give a universal lower bound of the convergence rate of solutions for a class of initial data.
This rate contains a logarithmic term, which is not contained in the super critical non-linearity case.
Proofs are given by a comparison method based on matched asymptotic expansion.
On Caputo tempered implicit fractional differential equations in b-metric spaces
Authors: Salim Abdelkrim , Krim Salim , Lazreg Jamal Eddine , Benchohra Mouffak
Published: February 2023

This paper deals with the existence and uniqueness results for a class of problems for nonlinear Caputo tempered implicit fractional
differential equations in b-metric spaces with initial and nonlocal conditions. The arguments are based on some fixed point theorems. Furthermore, two illustrations are presented to demonstrate the plausibility of our results.
Reliability-based assessment of ship hull girder ultimate strength
Authors: Adiputra Ristiyanto , Yoshikawa Takao , Erwandi Erwandi
Published: February 2023

A reliability-based approach is presented to investigate the effects of structural and load uncertainties on the reliability estimation of ship hull girders. Structural uncertainties included randomness in material properties, geometric properties, initial geometric imperfections, and corrosion behavior. Load uncertainties included statistical uncertainties, model uncertainties, environmental uncertainties, and uncertainties related to nonlinearity. The hull girder ultimate strength was calculated using Smith’s method, and the probabilistic density function was evaluated by employing Monte Carlo simulations. In the load estimation, the still water bending moment and wave-induced bending moment were calculated using a simplified formula of the International Association of Classification Societies-Common Structural Rules code and then modified with load parameters. The reliability index was estimated using a first-order reliability method considering the operating time, the duration of the ship in the alternate hold loading condition, and the severity of the corrosion rate. As a result, sagging conditions dominated the collapse mode. The reliability indexes were obtained for the observed cases, and the viability of the ship was assessed accordingly.
Design and characteristics of two-dimensional piezoelectric nanogenerators
Authors: Radeef Zainab Shakir
Published: February 2023

In the last decades, increasing interest in piezoelectric material has opened new horizons in electronic industries and alternative energy fields. In this study, a piezoelectric (ZnO NSs–Na2Ti6O13) were prepared from Zinc Oxid Nanosheets (ZnO NSs) and Disodium Hexa titanate (NTO). The dielectric, harvester performance, and the pyroelectric effect of ZnO NSs – NTO explored experimentally. Under different experimental conditions and mechanisms, the generated voltages had been measured where a quasi-static pressing force was applied at the harvester. In addition, the derived voltage has been rectified when the harvester was mounted over a cantilever beam, where the power density was 0.10 ± 0.1 mW/cm3. Finally, there was further investigation of the pyroelectric property which yielded a maximum pyroelectric coefficient of 30.51 µC/m2 °C at low temperature.
Accuracy assessment and improvement of SRTM, ASTER, FABDEM, and MERIT DEMs by polynomial and optimization algorithm: A case study (Khuzestan Province, Iran)
Authors: Saberi Azim , Kabolizadeh Mostafa , Rangzan Kazem , Abrehdary Majid
Published: February 2023

Satellite digital elevation models (DEMs) are used for decision-making in various fields. Therefore, evaluating and improving vertical accuracy of DEM can increase the quality of end products. This article aimed to increase the vertical accuracy of most popular satellite DEMs (i.e., the ASTER, Shuttle Radar Topography Mission [SRTM], Forest And Buildings removed Copernicus DEM [FABDEM], and Multi-Error-Removed Improved-Terrain [MERIT]) using the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. For this purpose, at first, the vertical error of DEMs was estimated via ground truth data. Next, a second-order polynomial was applied to model the vertical error in the study area. To select the polynomial with the highest accuracy, employed for vertical error modeling, the coefficients of the polynomial have been optimized using the PSO algorithm. Finally, the efficiency of the proposed algorithm has been evaluated by other ground truth data and in situ observations. The results show that the mean absolute error (MAE) of SRTM DEM is 4.83 m while this factor for ASTER DEM is 5.35 m, for FABDEM is 4.28, and for MERIT is 3.87. The obtained results indicated that the proposed model could improve the MAE of vertical accuracy of SRTM, ASTER, FABDEM, and MERIT DEMs to 0.83, 0.51, 0.37, and 0.29 m, respectively.
Evaluation of marine borers attack on treated wood in Southern Brazil
Authors: Lins Tarcila Rosa da Silva , Silva Thiago Cardoso , Rieth Laura Caroline Traiano , Müller Ana Claudia de Paula , Lana Paulo da Cunha , Cademartori Pedro Henrique Gonzalez de , Klitzke Ricardo Jorge , Rocha Márcio Pereira da
Published: February 2023

Wood in marine environments requires protection against xylophagous, and to increase the effectiveness of the preservatives, it is first necessary to know environmental conditions and species of wood borers present. The durability of treated Pinus taeda wood against the attack of marine borers in different environments was investigated, with (1) burnt oil, by the hot-cold bath method; (2) paraffin, by the Bethell method; (3) superficial burning of the wood with oil application, known as shou sugi ban technique; and (4) impermeable rubber, with and without the addition of silica, by immersion. The experiment was adapted from the standard EN 275 (1992) and carried out in three areas, one located in a river and two in estuarine coastal areas of the Paranaguá Bay (Brazil). Based on the percentage of lost wood area, the treatment with impermeable rubber with the addition of silica showed the best performance at the local 1 site (26.3%). At the local 2 site, treatments with impermeable rubber with and without the addition of silica had the lowest percentages of loss, with mean values of 13.95 and 12.65%, respectively. The other treatments had losses above 30%, being classified as severe damage, meaning they are not suitable for this use.
Zuranolone and its role in treating major depressive disorder: a narrative review
Authors: Ali Muneeza , Ullah Irfan , Diwan Mufaddal Najmuddin , Aamir Alifiya , Awan Hashir Ali , Waris Durrani Abdul , Qudrat Qudrat Ullah , Shoib Sheikh , De Berardis Domenico
Published: February 2023

Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a mood disorder classified as a persistent depressive mood and loss of interest lasting for more than two weeks and accompanied by a list of symptoms outlined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-V) diagnostic criteria. MDD affects approximately 264 million people worldwide and is the most prevailing form of neuropsychiatric disorder. Owing to the probable hypothesized pathophysiology of MDD being an outcome of abnormalities in the amino acid neurotransmitter system, including glutamate (the primary excitatory neurotransmitter) and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), SAGE-217 (Zuranolone) is being evaluated as a possible therapeutic treatment for MDD. Zuranolone is a synthetic, neuroactive steroid (NAS) and positive allosteric modulator (PMA) of GABAA receptors, regulating both synaptic and extra-synaptic release of GABA. It is administered as a once-daily oral dose for 2 weeks due to its low-moderate clearance. A change in total HAM-D score from baseline was the primary end-point of all the trials. A phase II trial conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Zuranolone (30 mg, once-daily dose), described a significant reduction in total HAM-D score at day 14 and reported the drug to be well tolerated with headache, dizziness, nausea, and somnolence as the most common adverse events (AE). Additional phase III trials were also conducted to evaluate similar outcomes, the interim topline results of which have been released. Consequently, this article attempts to briefly analyze the pharmacology of Zuranolone, review the available clinical data and outcomes regarding its use, and evaluate its place as a prospective novel therapy in the effective management of MDD.
Investigation of microstructure, machinability, and mechanical properties of new-generation hybrid lead-free brass alloys
Authors: Semih Özbey , Recep Artir
Published: February 2023

In this study, hybrid alloys were obtained by casting method with alloy elements and additive such as Si and MoS2, which can be used instead of lead, and compared with Ecobrass and free cutting brass samples used in the market in terms of microstructure, mechanical, and machinability properties. The microstructures of lead-free hybridized brass consists of alpha, beta, and intermetallic compound which were confirmed by the results of X-Ray Diffraction analysis and Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy. The hardness values of the beta phase in the microstructure are between 180 and 220 Vickers hardness. It has been observed that increasing the amount of beta prime phase also increases the hardness. The machinability of samples was evaluated in terms of surface roughness and chip formation. Chips obtained from samples after machining process were categorized according to ISO 6385-G1 standard. Chip morphologies were examined under optic microscope and scanning electron microscope. The surface roughness value of samples with MoS2 additives was found to be the lowest due to its lubricity effect. Moreover, morphologies, distribution of phases, and intermetallic compounds in the microstructure are found to have a great impact on the machinability and ultimate tensile strength.
Becoming smart “digital natives”: cultivating Chinese English majors’ new media literacy via Journalism English Reading and Listening
Authors: Zhang Danyang , Wu Yang
Published: February 2023

In the current era, digital technologies, including multimedia and communication technologies, have penetrated almost every aspect of our lives. English majors are responsible for learning English languages and western cultures and serve as interlocutors between the East and the West. Therefore, such students need to be new media literate to retrieve, understand and evaluate information from multimedia sources and actively and critically participate in the digital environment. Nevertheless, very few studies have explored this group of students’ new media literacy (NML) level or their NML development via instructed training. This mixed methods study explores a group of Chinese English majors’ current NML level. It attempts to cultivate their NML via a course named Journalism English Reading and Listening. In total, by applying purposive sampling, 70 Chinese English majors were invited to participate in the study. The participants completed a pre- and post-course questionnaire based on Lin et al.’s (2013). Understanding new media literacy: An explorative theoretical framework. Journal of Educational Technology & Society, 16(4), 160–170) NML framework to quantitatively self-evaluate their NML. Results demonstrate that the participants’ consuming media literacy significantly improved. Regarding the participants’ prosuming media literacy, three constructs, including prosuming skill, production, and creation, exhibited significant improvements, but no significant differences were found in distribution and participation. This paper also introduces examples of the students’ group work to qualitatively showcase their NML development. Finally, the study offers insights into Chinese English majors’ professional training and development.
Inverse problems for equations of a mixed parabolic-hyperbolic type with power degeneration in finding the right-hand parts that depend on time
Authors: Sabitov Kamil Basirovich , Sidorov Stanislav Nikolaevich
Published: February 2023

For the equation of a mixed parabolic-hyperbolic type with a power degeneration on the type change line, the inverse problems to determine the time-dependent factors of right-hand sides are studied. Based on the formula for solving a direct problem, the solution of inverse problems is equivalently reduced to the solvability of loaded integral equations. Using the theory of integral equations, the corresponding theorems for the existence and uniqueness of the solutions of the stated inverse problems are proved and the explicit formulas for the solution have been given.
Local solvability and stability of the generalized inverse Robin–Regge problem with complex coefficients
Authors: Xu Xiao-Chuan , Bondarenko Natalia Pavlovna
Published: February 2023

We prove local solvability and stability of the inverse Robin–Regge problem in the general case, taking eigenvalue multiplicities into account.
We develop the new approach based on the reduction of this inverse problem to the recovery of the Sturm–Liouville potential from the Cauchy data
Uniqueness and stability for inverse source problem for fractional diffusion-wave equations
Authors: Cheng Xing , Li Zhiyuan
Published: February 2023

This paper is devoted to the inverse problem of determining the spatially dependent source in a time fractional diffusion-wave equation, with the aid of extra measurement data at a subboundary. A uniqueness result is obtained by using the analyticity and the newly established unique continuation principle provided that the coefficients are all temporally independent. We also derive a Lipschitz stability of our inverse source problem under a suitable topology whose norm is given via the adjoint system of the fractional diffusion-wave equation.
Approach to nutritional rickets
Authors: Korkmaz Hüseyin Anıl , Padidela Raja , Ozkan Behzat
Published: February 2023

Rickets is the disease of a growing skeleton and results from impaired apoptosis of hypertrophic chondrocytes and mineralization of the growth plate. Nutritionally induced rickets, secondary to vitamin D and/or calcium deficiency, remains a major global problem. In this review, we discuss pathogenesis, clinical signs, investigation and management of nutritional rickets.
Performance evaluation and optimization of fixture adapter for oil drilling top drives
Authors: Louodom Chedjou Achille , Querol Marnolin , Peng Xiaobo , Zhou Jianren , Park Jaejong
Published: February 2023

A top drive is an essential mechanical device in oil field drilling since it provides the necessary torque for the drilling operations. Manufacturers in the oil and gas industry typically perform in-housing testing and classify the Safe Working Load of top drives. Testing a top drive requires a unique test stand, thus making testing top drives from other manufacturers a difficult challenge. A fixture adapter can be designed using geometric constraints and intuition to make testing apparatus semi-universal, yet they are often bulky and heavy, posing more significant safety concerns. This study aims to first numerically assess the existing fixture adapter and then structurally optimize it for enhancing its structural integrity and efficiency under various severe working environments. Therefore, finite element analysis (FEA) was performed on the existing fixture adapter, and compliance minimization topology optimization was employed. Four load and boundary conditions were used from the three most frequent operation scenarios for the fixture adapters: (i) drilling standby, (ii) staging area, (iii) drilling make-up, and (iv) break-up. The FEA results indicated that no safety factor was compromised with a 50% and 60% mass retention constraint via topology optimization compared to the original fixture adapter. The optimized fixture adapter was also tested under compression using printed 3D prototypes to validate the finite analysis and topology optimization processes.
Ethaline and related systems: may be not “deep” eutectics but clearly interesting ionic liquids
Authors: Buchner Richard , Agieienko Vira
Published: February 2023

Ethaline, the 1:2 molar ratio mixture of ethylene glycol (EG) and choline chloride (ChCl), is generally regarded as a typical type III deep eutectic solvent (DES). However, careful differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) of EG + ChCl mixtures surprisingly revealed that the liquidus lines of the phase diagram apparently follow the predictions for an ideal binary non-electrolyte mixture. Applying broad-band dielectric relaxation spectroscopy to room-temperature solutions of ChCl, and of the related salts choline iodide and chlorocholine chloride, in EG up to saturation, we explored the possible reasons for this conundrum. It appears that in these solutions free ions are rather scarce. Instead, contact ion pairs and larger aggregates predominate.
“Can I have a cup of tea please?” Politeness markers in the Spoken BNC2014
Authors: Islentyeva Anna , Pesendorfer Luise , Tolochin Igor
Published: February 2023

Politeness is one of the stereotypes associated with the British that seems to be crucial in terms of their self-identification and self-perception. The focus of this study is four frequently-used politeness markers: please, thank you, thanks, and sorry. The paper aims to precisely identify the different senses of these words in the newly released corpus of spoken British English, the Spoken British National Corpus 2014. The findings of this analysis reveal that the markers under investigation are primarily used in their core senses, such as politely requesting something, showing gratitude, or apologising; other identified senses include self-correcting and being confrontational or ironic. The analysis of the authentic data helps us classify senses for each of the target words based on different contextual situations.
Progress on the influence of non-enzymatic electrodes characteristics on the response to glucose detection: a review (2016–2022)
Authors: Guati Carlota , Gomez-Coma Lucía , Fallanza Marcos , Ortiz Inmaculada
Published: February 2023

Glucose sensing devices have experienced significant progress in the last years in response to the demand for cost-effective monitoring. Thus, research efforts have been focused on achieving reliable, selective, and sensitive sensors able to monitor the glucose level in different biofluids. The development of enzyme-based devices is challenged by poor stability, time-consuming, and complex purification procedures, facts that have given rise to the synthesis of enzyme-free sensors. Recent advances focus on the use of different components: metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), carbon nanomaterials, or metal oxides. Motivated by this topic, several reviews have been published addressing the sensor materials and synthesis methods, gathering relevant information for the development of new nanostructures. However, the abundant information has not concluded yet in commercial devices and is not useful from an engineering point of view. The dependence of the electrode response on its physico-chemical nature, which would determine the selection and optimization of the materials and synthesis method, remains an open question. Thus, this review aims to critically analyze from an engineering vision the existing information on non-enzymatic glucose electrodes; the analysis is performed linking the response in terms of sensitivity when interferences are present, stability, and response under physiological conditions to the electrode characteristics.
Risk process with mixture of tempered stable inverse subordinators: Analysis and synthesis
Authors: Kadankova Tetyana , Ng Wing Chun Vincent
Published: February 2023

We propose two fractional risk models, where the classical risk process is time-changed by the mixture of tempered stable inverse subordinators.
We characterize the risk processes by deriving the marginal distributions and establish the moments and covariance structure.
We study the main characteristics of these models such as ruin probability and time to ruin and illustrate the results with Monte Carlo simulations.
The data suggest that the ruin time can be approximated by the inverse gaussian distribution and its generalizations.
On timeless macroscopic spaces
Authors: Nimtz Günter , Aichmann Horst
Published: February 2023

Sommerfeld and other physicists pointed out that tunneling is no classical process. The arguments are that the tunneling wave’s momentum is imaginary and its energy is negative. However, what is the timeτspent inside a barrier? Brillouin conjectured that the non-classical behaviour is valid for waves of all fields, i.e. for electromagnetic and acoustic waves as well as for Schrödinger waves.
Preliminary Work on Generative Seedling Production and Clone Selection of European Black Poplar (Populus nigra L.)
Authors: Vujnović Zvonimir , Bogdan Saša , Lanšćak Miran , Gavranović Markić Anđelina , Zorić Nikola , Bogunović Sanja , Ivanković Mladen
Published: February 2023

European black poplar (Populus nigra L.) is a pioneer species that belongs to the Salicaceae family and occurs in riparian ecosystems. It is one of the most endangered forest species in its entire distribution area. In Croatia, black poplars are considered an economically important forest species, but mostly clones originate from crossing combinations with American and European black poplar (Populus × canadensis Moench), while a small number of clones are native black poplar. Studies on native black poplar are quite rare and the generative propagation has not been used. The aim of this study was to gain knowledge on the production of high-quality black poplar seedlings and to carry out the selection of genotypes with the aim of establishing a base for future breeding. The female black poplar tree was selected on phenotypic characteristics in the area of Forest Administration Osijek, Forest Office Valpovo. The tree was cut down in April 2019, and branches with half-open seed capsules on catkins were collected. The branches were transferred to the Croatian Forest Research Institute’s greenhouse, where the catkins opened under the influence of the high temperature. Sowing was done in different substrates to test their effectiveness. Black poplar seedlings were selected and transplanted with regard to development and height growth. The results showed differences in height growth between plants sown in two different substrates and the occurrence of fungal diseases only on plants sown in pure sand. With subsequent multiple propagation using cuttings and selection by genotype, it is expected that it will be possible to identify several clones of native black poplar that will be introduced for use in forestry in Croatia. The use of quality plants grown from seeds will increase the genetic diversity and preserve the native black poplar gene pool.
SOME DETERIORATION PARAMETERS OF EDIBLE OILS AND FATS SOLD IN TÜRKİYE MARKETS
Authors: GÜNDÜZ Ali Osman , BAŞTÜRK Ayhan
Published: February 2023

In this study, some deterioration parameters were determined in nine different types of edible fats and oils (46 samples) obtained from the Turkish market, their compliance with the Turkish Food Codex and Standards was evaluated and compared with the literature. Six samples including (3 margarines, 2 shortenings and 1 riviera olive oil) had peroxide value (PV) that exceeded the codex limit. The oils with the highest PVs were found to be fish oils (8.5-27.4 meqO2/kg), peanut oils (9.2-32.1 meqO2/kg) and extra virgin olive oils (10.37-17.66 meqO2/kg). Free fatty acidity (FFA) content of one of the riviera olive oils (1.29%) and extra virgin olive oil (0.81-1.13%) sample were above the limit value of the Codex. The highest conjugated-diene and -triene were determined in fish oils (9.12-12.3 and 2.42-5.60, respectively). The p-Anisidine values in hazelnut and fish oils ranged from 2 to 61.
Plume dispersion from the Nelson and Hayes rivers into Hudson Bay using satellite remote sensing of CDOM and suspended sediment
Authors: Basu Atreya , McCullough Greg , Bélanger Simon , Mukhopadhyay Anirban , Doxaran David , Sydor Kevin , Barber David , Ehn Jens
Published: February 2023

Change in the dispersion pattern of Arctic river plumes due to climate change and hydroelectric regulation is challenging to monitor, calling for synoptic and continuous observation using satellite remote sensing. Algorithms for colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM) and total suspended solids (TSS) were applied to moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) imagery to study Nelson and Hayes river plume dispersion into southwestern Hudson Bay, employing quantile regressions to capture dispersion variability along a freshwater–marine gradient. MODIS-derived CDOM and TSS quantile concentrations (Q0.05–Q0.95) decreased exponentially with distance from the Nelson River mouth. The Q0.95 asymptote marked the offshore extent of the river plume and was used to determine the marine and river water fractions of surface water in southwestern Hudson Bay. At about 125 km from the Nelson River mouth, CDOM was reduced by 75% of its river mouth values. Owing to the significant co-variability between CDOM dilution and river discharge, a 0.25 river water fraction was estimated at this distance, which varied by ±35 km during flood and ebb flows. Anti-cyclonic winds transported the river plume along the 54° azimuth towards central Hudson Bay, while cyclonic winds propagated the plume eastward along the south shore. Particle settling in the coastal waters and resuspension events from mudflats and/or bank erosion caused non-significant relationships between TSS and river discharge. This non-conservative behavior renders TSS a less useful optical tracer of Nelson and Hayes river water in southwestern Hudson Bay. The novel quantile regression approach for defining boundaries of river water dilution in transitional waters may provide helpful information for coastal management on a spatial scale of tens to hundreds of kilometers, ranging from near real-time monitoring to seasonal and multi-year studies.
PODOPLANIN-TARGETABLE MR/OPTIC DUAL-MODE NANOCOMPOSITES FOR GLIOBLASTOMA MULTIFORME IN MOUSE BRAIN CANCER
Authors:   Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea, LEE H. , CHO E. J. ,   Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea, SON H. ,   Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea, KIM H.O. ,   Department of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 24341, Republic of Korea, HONG Y. ,   Department of Medical Devices, Korea Institute of Materials (KIMM), Daegu 42994, Republic of Korea, YANG S. H. ,   Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea, YOON S. J. ,   Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Center, Severance Hospital, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea, LEE J. H. ,   Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Center, Severance Hospital, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea, SHIM J. K. ,   Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Center, Severance Hospital, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea, CHANG J. H. ,   Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Center, Severance Hospital, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea, KANG S.G. ,   Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Center, Severance Hospital, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea, HUH Y. M. ,   Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea
Published: February 2023

It is very desirable to design dual-mode nanocomposites for diagnostic applications via flexible strategies. Herein, we proposed to synthesize one type of multifunctional magnetic resonance (MR)/optic nanocomposites based on manganese ferrite magnetic nanoparticles (MFNPs) modified by fluorescent podoplanin (PDPN) antibodies. MFNPs were synthesized using a thermal decomposition method and were modified by the fluorescent PDPN antibodies on their surfaces. The fluorescent PDPN antibody-conjugated MFNPs enabled strong MR imaging and fluorescence imaging due to the antibodies that targeted brain tumors. These results demonstrate that MR/optic nanocomposites have potential as precision diagnostic systems for brain cancer.