bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
sector de las infraestructuras en Canadá
Authors: Planelles Carlos
Published: November 2021

Canadá presenta un mercado de infraestructuras maduro, altamente competitivo y especializado, y cuenta con ambiciosos planes de inversión para reducir la brecha entre las necesidades de infraestructuras del país y su actual situación. Estos planes, reforzados y acelerados para impulsar la reactivación económica frente a la COVID-19, se materializan en desarrollos concretos enfocados en las principales ciudades de Canadá. En este artículo se revisan los principales proyectos caracterizados por un elevado estándar de calidad y de exigencias medioambientales, que ofrecen grandes oportunidades a las empresas que cuenten con los conocimientos y recursos para abordarlos e integren valores, cada vez más necesarios, como la sostenibilidad.
Control of malodorous gases emission from wet-end white water with hydrogen peroxide
Authors: SHAN-CONG HUANG , CHANG LIU , LEI DAI , SHENG DOU , MING-QI DING , XIN-XING XIA
Published: November 2021

White water is highly recycled in the papermaking process so that its quality is easily deteriorated, thus producing lots of malodorous gases that are extremely harmful to human health and the environment. In this paper, the effect of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) on the control of malodorous gases released from white water was investigated. The results showed that the released amount of total volatile organic compounds (TVOC) decreased gradually with the increase of H2O2 dosage. Specifically, the TVOC emission reached the minimum as the H2O2 dosage was 1.5 mmol/L, and meanwhile, the hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and ammonia (NH3) were almost completely removed. It was also found that pH had little effect on the release of TVOC as H2O2 was added, but it evidently affect-ed the release of H2S and NH3. When the pH value of the white water was changed to 4.0 or 9.0, the emission of TVOC decreased slightly, while both H2S and NH3 were completely removed in both cases. The ferrous ions (Fe2+) and the copper ions (Cu2+) were found to promote the generation of hydroxyl radicals (HO•) out of H2O2, enhancing its inhibition on the release of malodorous gases from white water. The Fe2+/H2O2 system and Cu2+/H2O2 system exhibited similar efficiency in inhibiting the TVOC releasing, whereas the Cu2+/H2O2 system showed better perfor-mance in removing H2S and NH3.
Application of spruce wood flour as a cellulosic-based wood additive for recycled paper applications— A pilot paper machine study
Authors: DOLLE KLAUS , ZIER SANDRO
Published: November 2021

This study gives a first insight into the use of wood flour as a plant-based and cellulosic-based alter-native additive for newsprint and paperboard production using 100% recycled fibers as a raw material. The study compares four varieties of a spruce wood flour product serving as cellulosic-based additives at addition rates of 2%, 4%, and 6% during operation of a 12-in. laboratory pilot paper machine. Strength properties of the produced newsprint and linerboard products were analyzed.
Results suggested that spruce wood flour as a cellulosic-based additive represents a promising approach for improving physical properties of paper and linerboard products made from 100% recycled fiber content. This study shows that wood flour pretreated with a plant-based polysaccharide and untreated spruce wood flour product with a particle size range of 20 μm to 40 μm and 40 μm to 70 μm can increase the bulk and tensile properties in newsprint and linerboard applications.
Geologi, Karakteristik Alterasi Hidrotermal dan Mineralisasi Bijih pada Pit Purnama Martabe, Kabupaten Tapanuli Selatan, Provinsi Sumatera Utara
Authors: Samuels Theresia Fernandha , Idrus Arifudin
Published: November 2021

High demands of metal such as gold, silver, and copper, also their limited occurances causing an understanding of geological conditions, alteration and ore mineralization characteristics are needed for a sustainable exploration. This study aims to elucidate geological conditions, characteristics and the distribution of alteration zones and ores mineralization in Purnama Martabe Pit based on geological mapping, drill cores logging and sampling. Selected samples were analysed by XRF (X-Ray Fluorescenes), ASD (Analytical Spectral Devices), petrography, and mineragraphy analysis. Lithological units at the study area consist of andesite lava unit, diorite intrusion dome and polymictic phreatomagmatic breccia units. Based on ASD analysis, alteration zones in the study area are vuggy-massive silica, silica+dickite±alunite, illite+smectite, and smectite+chlorite. Based on mineragraphy and XRF, the mineralization occurred at the study area is composed of pyrite, enargite, hematite, goethite, and jarosite. Zonation and distribution of alteration and mineralization is predominantly controlled by the north east – south west structure in the form of quartz veins, north west – south east structure, and various porosities of the lithological units.
Investigasi kondisi airtanah dengan geolistrik: studi kasus endapan aluvial di Bengalon Kutai Timur, Provinsi Kalimantan Timur Indonesia
Authors: Devy Shalaho Dina , Hasyim Ibnu
Published: November 2021

Bengalon is located in East Kutai Regency, East Kalimantan Province. Bengalon is included in the Samarinda-Bontang groundwater basin. The development of agricultural and industrial areas, followed by an increase in residential areas, will cause an increase in the water demand. This study aims to determine the groundwater potential of alluvial areas using the resistivity geoelectric method. The resistivity survey resulted in subsurface lithology, shallow groundwater conditions in the form of depth, thickness, and location of the aquifer as well as the type of groundwater quality. There are 10 locations for geoelectric data collection using the 2D geoelectric method. The results showed that the majority of the aquifers were alluvial deposits consisting of sand and sandy clay. The resistance indicating groundwater is 1 - 4 Ω m, at a depth of 10 – 50 m with a thickness varying from 10 – 20 m which has been dominated by sand. The presence of sea water intrusion in aquifers causes the quality of groundwater to tend to be brackish because the research location is in a swamp area bordering the coast.
Profil Endapan Nikel Laterit di Kecamatan Tinanggea, Kabupaten Konawe Selatan, Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara
Authors: Hasria Hasria , Asfar Suryawan , Tawakkal Ervan Rizqullah
Published: November 2021

The research area is located in Tinanggea District, South Konawe Regency, Southeast Sulawesi Province. This study aims to determine the profile of laterite nickel deposits in the study area. The research method used consists of literature study, field sampling and laboratory analysis and data interpretation. The results showed that the profiles of laterite nickel deposits in the study area consisted of top soil, limonite zone, saprolite zone and bedrock with different thicknesses. Top soil at Station 1 is very thin in the form of clay and plant remains, while at Station 2 it is a layer of sediment (limestone) with a thickness of 0-5 meters. Based on geochemical data, it shows that Ni, SiO and MgO elements /oxides show enrichment in the saprolite zone because have mobile so its dissolve easily during the laterization process and are transported the subsurface and experience leaching so that its are concentrated in the saprolite zone. The Fe element shows enrichment in the limonite zone because the Fe element has immobile so that it is not easily transported downward and is concentrated in the upper zone, namely the limonite zone.
USING BOOKWIDGETS TO ATTRACT STUDENTS' INTEREST IN LEARNING ENGLISH
Authors: Zaitun Zaitun , Hadi Muhammad Sofian , Lestari Diah Rahmawati
Published: November 2021

English teachers deliver their teaching materials using various platforms. One of those is the BookWidgets platform which is used to create interactive learning activities and involves students in engaging teaching material. This platform provides teachers and students with dynamic widgets such as iPad, Android tablets, Chromebooks, and iBooks with interactive content. These are designed to interact with students’ interest in acquiring English smoothly. Therefore, this study is aimed at finding out students’ interest in learning English and attract their interest using Bookwidgets. The method used in this study was a quantitative descriptive method, which used a survey to collect the data. The population in this study was taken from junior high school students in MTs Al-Falah using a questionnaire or online survey. In analyzing the data, the writer used a Likert statistical analysis. The results of this showed that students’ interest in English learning using media increased up to 48,1% after they were being introduced to Bookwidgets.
IRANIAN HIGH SCHOOL EFL LEARNERS’ ATTITUDE TOWARDS ONLINE LEARNING DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Jalilinia Fatemeh
Published: November 2021

By the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic, students and teachers were pushed to adapt themselves to the online learning system. The current study is a quantitative attempt to investigate English as a foreign language students’ perception of online learning during the pandemic. For this purpose, 30 male and 30 female students at the high school level were chosen to answer a questionnaire in Iran, Tehran. The questionnaire used in this study is adopted from Rojabi (2020) and comprises two parts. The first half assesses the interaction among students and between students and the teacher whereas the second half measures students’ attitude towards their online learning platform. The data was interpreted through the SPSS software (version 24) and the results revealed that learners mainly have negative perspectives on online learning and would not suggest it for further educational years to come. The majority of participants struggled with having effective interaction. Also, most of them did not have pleasant experiences with the learning platform they were instructed to use. It is recommended that the current learning environment be improved and teachers apply strategies to involve students fully in the learning process throughout online sessions.
Estudo da viabilidade de utilização de garrafa PET triturada na produção de tijolos ecológicos
Authors: Silva Paulysendra Felipe , Sousa Rebeka Manuela Lobo , Oliveira Francisca das Chagas , Melo Sávio Torres , Sousa Heitor Fernandes , Lopes Phillype Dowglas , Chaves Francisco Arlon de Oliveira , Paz Gilvan Moreira da , Soares Roberto Arruda Lima
Published: November 2021

A garrafa PET (Polietileno Tereftalato) apresenta diversas utilizações atualmente, desde o armazenamento de bebidas (refrigerante, suco, etc.) até decorações em geral. A importância de realizar a coleta e reciclagem deste material corresponde à diminuição dos impactos ao meio ambiente, pois o mesmo demora muitos anos para decompor, em outras palavras, implementar a sustentabilidade na região. Esta pesquisa pretende analisar o polímero reciclado juntamente ao tijolo solo-cimento mediante a percentuais de substituição deste ao solo, a fim de realizar testes físico-químicos com a intenção de avaliar a possibilidade do seu uso na construção civil. Para a realização dessa pesquisa foram produzidas amostras, uma com argila pura e outra com adição de garrafa PET triturada. Com esses experimentos será possível verificar a viabilidade da inclusão de PET sem comprometer a resistência mecânica do tijolo ecológico e de forma benéfica ao meio ambiente.
Uso de PRF para Reparo de Alvéolos Pós Exodontia de Terceiros Molares
Authors: Benedito Isabella de Melo Veloso , Góes Roberto Wagner Lopes , Dietrich Lia , Costa Marcelo Dias Moreira de Assis
Published: November 2021

A Fibrina Rica em Plaquetas (PRF) é um processo autólogo, que consiste na remoção de uma amostra de sangue retirada do paciente, onde a mesma é colocada em um tubo de ensaio, posteriormente sendo centrifugada, e depositada no alvéolo após a extração do terceiro molar. Esta terapia ainda está em avanços, porém que tem sido utilizado cada vez mais nas extrações de terceiros molares, onde auxilia na regeneração óssea e tecidual.  O objetivo deste trabalho visa salientar a influência do PRF na regeneração tecidual e óssea, incluindo sua utilização e seus benefícios em alvéolos pós exodontia. A metodologia realizada constituiu em realizar uma revisão narrativa da literatura sendo pesquisadas obras em bases de dados científicos, como: Scielo, PubMed e LILACS no período de 1996  a 2020. Assim, a Fibrina Rica em Plaquetas atua como coadjuvante na cicatrização e regeneração óssea e tecidual, e por ser um processo autólogo os riscos de rejeição são mínimos. Conclui-se que, o PRF é um processo que ainda está em avanços, entretanto, é uma ótima alternativa para regeneração de alvéolos pós extrações de terceiros molares, por ter propriedades biológicas únicas.
Menopausa precoce no Brasil: uma revisão bibliográfica integrativa
Authors: Mustafa Mônica de Mendonça , Souza Edna Paula P. de , Sena Alysson Bastos
Published: November 2021

A menopausa precoce é uma condição que afeta 1% das mulheres, consistindo na a cessação permanente da menstruação por perda de função ovariana antes dos 40 anos. Este artigo analisa quantitativamente a bibliografia que cita o termo em quatro indicadores diferentes: a) existe disparidade entre homens e mulheres nas pesquisas sobre o tema? b) Quais as regiões das instituições que os pesquisadores em questão estão vinculados? c) Quais as especialidades dos autores que citam a menopausa precoce? d) A menopausa precoce é tratada como foco das pesquisas ou não? É feita então uma análise qualitativa sobre o que esses artigos falam dividindo-os por categorias de abordagem semelhante: os que relacionam a menopausa precoce à osteoporose; os que relacionam-na a câncer; os que relacionam a mesma à menopausa genericamente; artigos que citam-na mas não tem coesão interna ou volume suficiente para uma categoria exclusiva. O artigo conclui que uma quantidade maior de mulheres são autoras em artigos que citaram o termo, que o sudeste e nordeste concentram a maior parte de autores, estando a presença de pesquisadores da região norte abaixo das demais, que apesar de muitas áreas do conhecimento estarem presentes, a medicina é a de maior peso e que a menopausa precoce não é tratada como foco principal em nenhum dos artigos encontrados; essas questões mostram que há espaço para a expansão de estudos sobre a menopausa precoce no Brasil, tanto ao estuda-la enquanto fenômeno biológico quanto estudando as políticas públicas de saúde e pesquisa sobre a mesma.
Hubungan Usia Terhadap Presbiopi Pada Pengabdian Masyarakat di tengah Pandemi Covid-19 JABODETABEK
Authors: Soedrajat Agoes , Ruslan Eriko , Sahel Sahel
Published: November 2021

Bertambahnya usia tidak dapat dipungkiri,  akan berkurangnya kemampuan menggunakan beragam teknologi dikarenakan mulai terbatasnya jarak penglihatan dengan jelas, hal ini diakibatkan dengan Semakin bertambah usia seseorang maka kemampuan Akomodasinya akan semakin berkurang. Makna kemampuan akomodasi disini adalah kemampuan elastisitas mata untuk mencembung berkurang yang berakibat kepada kemampuan mata untuk melihat dekat berkurang. sesuai dengan hasil dari Program Pengabdian Masyarakat yang diadakan pada bulan Januari-Februari 2021, ditengah pandemic Covid-19 dalam wilayah JABODETABEK sesuai dengan domisili mahasiswa dengan kategori pemeriksaan siswa dan Guru. Untuk penelitian ini data yang digunakan adalah data guru berupa data usia dan  hasil pemeriksaan Presbiopia. Untuk diketahui apakah ada hubungan antara Usia dengan Presbiopia, dan setelah dibuktikan dengan SPSS 26 uji korelasi non parametik dinyatakan bahwa adanya hubungan antara Usia dengan Presbiopia hal itu dikarenakan nilai sig 0.000 < 0,05 dan mempunya hubungan yang sangat kuat antara Usia dan Presbiopia dibuktikan dengan nilai koefisien korelasi 0,867.
Penyuluhan Customer Service dan Positioning Product pada PT. Barus Indah di Kota Medan
Authors: Nasution Aulia Arief , Rambe Rizki Fillhayati
Published: November 2021

Transportasi merupakan sarana yang penting dalam kelangsungan roda perekonomian. Kebutuhan akan transportasi semakin meningkat seiring dengan meningkatnya pertumbuhan penduduk di Indonesia. Untuk di kota medan khususnya, sarana transportasi antar kota jenis travel masih menjadi pilihan karena memiliki keunggulan jika dibandingkan dengan transportasi darat lainnya. Semakin ketatnya persaingan bisnis yang ada, terutama persaingan yang berasal dari perusahaan sejenis, membuat perusahaan semakin dituntut lebih ekstra dalam menarik pelanggan. Sehingga perusahaan dalam menerapkan konsep pemasaran perlu mencermati faktor yang mempengaruhi keputusan pembeli dalam usaha pemasaran jasanya. Selain itu perusahaan harus mampu memelihara konsumen pasca penggunaan jasanya. Mitra kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah PT. Barus Indah. PT. Barus Indah merupakan salah satu perusahaan yang bergerak dalam bidang transportasi di Kota Medan. Permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh mitra yaitu masih belum menyadari mengenai pentingnya pelayanan terhadap pelanggan, dan cara memposisikan jasa mereka dihadapan pelanggan. Melalui kegiatan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat ini, PT. Barus Indah  akan diberikan bekal pengetahuan mengenai Penguatan Sumber Daya Manusia dengan Customer Service, dan memposisikan jasa mereka dihadapan konsumen dengan Positioning Product, sehingga diharapkan dapat meningkatkan pendapatan perusahaan dan lebih dikenal di masyakarat, walaupun persaingan usaha sejenis semakin bertambah. Pelaksanaan pelatihan di PT. Barus Indah berjalan sesuai dengan harapan. Banyaknya pertanyaan saat pelatihan menunjukkan bahwa peserta mampu memahami materi pelatihan customer service maupun positioning produk. Dampak dari kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah PT. Barus Indah lebih memahami berbagai cara yang dapat dilakukan untuk dapat bersaing dengan perusahaan sejenis dan memenangkan hati pelanggan.
Edukasi Protokol Kesehatan dan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Amrulla Moh. Fahrial
Published: November 2021

Pandemi Covid-19 yang melanda Indonesia membawa dampak yang sangat buruk bagi kehidupan masyarakat di berbagai bidang, khususnya bidang ekonomi. Terutama dengan adanya kebijakan Pembatasan Sosial yang ada pada kenijakan pemerintah, membuat banyak kegiatan masyarakat terganggu bahkan terhenti. Pengurangan kasus jangkitan virus menjadi sebuah harapan yang diimpikan bagi seluruh masyarakat Indonesia saat ini. Agar negeri ini bisa terbebas dari pandemi Covid-19. Kesehatan tubuh sangatlah penting disaat seperti ini, sebab jika imun dalam tubuh lemah akan semakin mudah virus Covid-19 menjangkiti. Sehingga angka kasus penyebaran Covid-19 terus mengalami kenaikan. Perlu adanya sebuah tindakan kontribusi demi tercapainya kehidupan masyarakat yang sehat. Beberapa cara pernah dilakukan untuk menurunkan angka kematian akibat Covid 19 salah satunya adalah kegiatan sosial Program Promosi Kesehatan. Melalui kegiatan ini, edukasi cara hidup sehat dengan membuat produk-produk kesahatan yang mudah dibuat adalah sangat dibutuhkan selain itu sebagai pemberdayaan masyarakat yang terdampak perlu untuk mencari kegiatan lain yang menghasilkan, salah satunya dengan mulai merintis usaha rumahan. Melalui kegiatan ini akan ditunjukkan cara membuat minuman kesehatan berbahan dasar sereh dan jeruk nipis serta bertanam dengan metode hidroponik dengan memanfaatkan kotak sterofoam.
Studi Pengembangan Desain Motif Batik Tulis Lasem Rembang
Authors: Prasetyo Didit , Disarifianti Nabila
Published: November 2021

Batik tulis Lasem telah menjadi salah satu identitas asli Kabupaten Rembang, Jawa Tengah sejak masa lampau. Kota asal batik Lasem memiliki pengaruh dari budaya etnis Tionghoa sehingga motif batik Lasem itu sendiri merupakan hasil akulturasi budaya lokal dengan budaya Tionghoa. Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan adanya motif khas budaya Tionghoa seperti naga, burung hong, dan bunga teratai, namun tetap mempertahankan unsur budaya lokal berupa warna-warna klasik khas Lasem. Tujuan dari penelitian pengembangan ini adalah untuk mengeksplorasi kebudayaan secara positif yang menyesuaikan dengan perkembangan jaman yang lebih modern, khususnya pada generasi milenial sehingga kelestarian budaya nusantara tetap terjaga. Metode penelitian bersifat kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan berupa studi literatur. Melalui penelitian pengembangan ini akan menghasilkan desain motif batik Lasem yang sudah diperbarui dan dikembangkan menjadi lebih modern tanpa menghilangkan esensi serta nilai budaya dalam seni kerajinan batik tersebut. Pengembangan desain motif meliputi penyerderhanaan elemen pada batik serta pemilihan komposisi warna yang lebih menarik.
Pengaruh Digital Marketing terhadap Peningkatan Kinerja Pemasaran UMKM Pariwisata di Kabupaten Toba Indonesia
Authors: Marbun Dwita Soave Natio , Simanjuntak Mariana
Published: November 2021

Dilihat dari karakteristik wilayah Indonesia, UMKM sektor pariwisata menjadi salah satu pemegang peran penting dalam pertumbuhan di Indonesia. Akibat dari COVID-19 membuat para pelaku UMKM harus mencari cara agar tetap bertahan dan berkembang. Digital marketing merupakan salah satu soluai dalam meningkatkan pemasaran UMKM di Indonesia. Namun, hasil dari wawancara ke beberapa UMKM Pariwisata di Kabupaten Toba dan juga studi literatur masih ditemukan UMKM yang belum menerapkan digital marketing. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat ada atau tidaknya pengaruh dari penerapan digital marketing terhadap peningkatan kinerja pemasaran UMKM Pariwisata sebagai acuan bagi pelaku UMKM dalam peningkatan kinerja pemasaran. Hasil dari studi literatur dan wawancara kepada 10 pelaku UMKM yang telah menerapkan digital marketing, variabel yang digunakan pada penelitian ini ialah social media marketing capability, e-commerce adoption, instant messaging orientation, digital marketing dan kinerja pemasaran. Pengumpulan data berupa penyebaran kuesioner cetak dan kuesioner online sebanyak 132 kepada para pelaku UMKM Pariwisata di Kabupaten Toba yang telah menggunakan digital marketing kemudian di analisis menggunakan metode Structural Equation Modeling dengan bantuan software AMOS. Kesimpulan diperoleh bahwa terdapat pengaruh digital marketing terhadap peningkatan kinerja pemasaran UMKM Pariwisata di Kabupaten Toba dan dapat diambil implikasi manajerial sebagai alternatif kebijakan dalam peningkatan kinerja pemasaran UMKM Pariwisata di Kabupaten Toba menggunakan media pemasaran digital.
Daya Inovasi Pada Kinerja Karyawan
Authors: Kuswantoro Ferri
Published: November 2021

Innovation is the main support especially in improving employee performance. Many studies had explained the importance of managerial training and team work in pursuing growth. However, studies that explained how the role of innovation in driving the relationship between training and teamwork on employee job satisfaction are rare. The purpose of this research is to examine the role of innovativeness in driving the relationship between training and team work on employee job satisfaction. Using a sample of 165 respondents with questionnaire from employees in general supported by AMOS version 24 the results of the study showed that there was a significant positive effect between teamwork on the innovativeness and employee job satisfaction. There was a significant positive effect between the relationship of innovativeness on employee job satisfaction but there was no significant positive effect between managerial training on the innovativeness and employee job satisfaction. The final result indicated that the innovativeness partially mediated a significant positive relationship between teamwork and employee job satisfaction.
Pemanfaatan Arang Kulit Kopi Robusta sebagai Adsorben Penurunan Kadar Amonia Pada Limbah Cair Industri Tahu
Authors: Lestari Lilla Puji , Mochammad Ersad
Published: November 2021

Kopi robusta adalah salah satu jenis kopi yang banyak ditanam di Indonesia dengan presentasi 80% sedangkan 20% petani menanam jenis kopi arabika. Salah satu limbah yang dapat dimanfaatkan ialah kulit kopi. Kulit kopi robusta mengandung 15-43% selusosa yang sangat baik digunakan untuk adsorben untuk menurunkan kadar amonia pada limbah cair industri tahu. Limbah tahu banyak mengandung senyawa yang membahayakan bagi lingkungan dan kesehatan. Salah satu kandungan yang berbahaya yaitu amonia. Pada penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah arang dari kulit kopi robusta dapat menurunkan kadar amonia pada limbah cari indutri tahu, berapa pH efektif yang digunakan untuk mengurangi kadar amonia serta digunakan untuk mengetahui waktu kontak efisien adsorben dalam mengurangi kandungan amonia pada limbah cair industri tahu. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu spektrofotometer UV-Vist. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa arang kulit kopi dapat menurunkan kadar amonia dengan pH efektif 9 dan waktu kontak optimum 30 menit.
Kepercayaan Diri Siswa Dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Keterampilan Berbicara Bahasa Inggris
Authors: Kuncoro Adhityo , Erlangga Fajar , Ramliyana Randi
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui kepercayaan diri siswa serta pengaruhnya terhadap keterampilan berbicara bahasa Inggris mereka. Penelitian yang menggunakan metode survey ini dilaksanan di Universitas Indraprasta PGRI, dengan 40 responden yang dipilih secara acak dari dua kelas berbeda dari tiga kelas mahasiswa semester dua yang ada. Penelitian ini menggunakan tes tertulis untuk memperoleh data. Data tersebut kemudian diproses menggunakan program SPSS 2.0 dan dianalisis menggunakan analisis regresi dan korelasi. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kepercayaan diri memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap keterampilan berbicara bahasa Inggris siswa, terlihat dari nilai sig=0,000 (nilai sig<0,05) dan thitung = 4,882 (thitung lebih besar dari ttabel= 1,69). Kesimpulannya, hasil dari penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa kepercayaan diri siswa memiliki pengaruh terhadap keterampilan berbicara bahasa Inggris.
Formazione delle parole e terminologia grammaticale: proposte per il mondo della scuola
Authors: Lo Duca Maria G.
Published: November 2021

Il saggio si pone l’obiettivo di affrontare e sperabilmente chiarire alcuni snodi problematici relativamente al settore della formazione delle parole in italiano. Si presenta come una breve rassegna di parole tecniche – composizione, parole composte e parole polirematiche, conversione, parasintesi – che vengono illustrate attraverso degli esempi pertinenti, allo scopo di chiarire i fatti linguistici cui esse rimandano. Interlocutore ideale di questo saggio è il docente di italiano, o lo studente universitario che si prepari a diventarlo. A questo lettore ideale si offrono dati e ragionamenti che tentano di spiegare almeno alcune delle principali acquisizioni della ricerca moderna su questi temi, nella speranza che il chiarimento concettuale si accompagni ad una più sicura professionalità docente, in grado di adottare a ragion veduta l’inevitabile terminologia e scegliere con cognizione di causa i testi scolastici.
Regional Multilateralism: The Right to Protect, not the Responsibility to Protect, in Africa
Authors: Ifediora Obinna
Published: November 2021

The African Union (AU) has rejected R2P and opposed the UN Security Council-authorized military action in Libya for human rights protection, claiming primacy in decision-making on peace and security interventions on the continent. Yet, existing studies have assumed that the right to protect, as the AU established in article 4(h) of the Constitutive Act, is compatible with R2P. Drawing on the concept of regional multilateralism, this article argues that the right to protect involves a unique African logic and ambition, albeit with an extraordinary significance for global security governance. Particularly, the right to protect is a robust, bold, stable, and uncontested international security regime, which favourable Permanent Five members of the Security Council can turn to when facing the twin problems of legitimacy and veto-induced paralysis. However, such P5 members must embrace the AU’s novel principle: continental sovereignty, which underlines the AU’s primacy claims in decision-making in peace and security.
Pancreatic Cancer and Platelets Crosstalk: A Potential Biomarker and Target
Authors: Mai Shaoshan , Inkielewicz-Stepniak Iwona
Published: November 2021

Platelets have been recognized as key players in hemostasis, thrombosis, and cancer. Preclinical and clinical researches evidenced that tumorigenesis and metastasis can be promoted by platelets through a wide variety of crosstalk between cancer cells and platelets. Pancreatic cancer is a devastating disease with high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although the relationship between pancreatic cancer and platelets in clinical diagnosis is described, the interplay between pancreatic cancer and platelets, the underlying pathological mechanism and pathways remain a matter of intensive study. This review summaries recent researches in connections between platelets and pancreatic cancer. The existing data showed different underlying mechanisms were involved in their complex crosstalk. Typically, pancreatic tumor accelerates platelet aggregation which forms thrombosis. Furthermore, extracellular vesicles released by platelets promote communication in a neoplastic microenvironment and illustrate how these interactions drive disease progression. We also discuss the advantages of novel model organoids in pancreatic cancer research. A more in-depth understanding of tumor and platelets crosstalk which is based on organoids and translational therapies may provide potential diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for pancreatic cancer progression.
Curdione and Schisandrin C Synergistically Reverse Hepatic Fibrosis via Modulating the TGF-β Pathway and Inhibiting Oxidative Stress
Authors: Dai Wenzhang , Qin Qin , Li Zhiyong , Lin Li , Li Ruisheng , Fang Zhie , Han Yanzhong , Mu Wenqing , Ren Lutong , Liu Tingting , Zhan Xiaoyan , Xiao Xiaohe , Bai Zhaofang
Published: November 2021

Hepatic fibrosis is the final pathway of several chronic liver diseases, which is characterized by the accumulation of extracellular matrix due to chronic hepatocyte damage. Activation of hepatic stellate cells and oxidative stress (OS) play an important role in mediating liver damage and initiating hepatic fibrosis. Hence, hepatic fibrosis can be reversed by inhibiting multiple channels such as oxidative stress, liver cell damage, or activation of hepatic stellate cells. Liuwei Wuling Tablets is a traditional Chinese medicine formula with the effect of anti- hepatic fibrosis, but the composition and mechanism of reversing hepatic fibrosis are still unclear. Our study demonstrated that one of the main active components of the Chinese medicine Schisandra chinensis, schisandrin C (Sin C), significantly inhibited oxidative stress and prevented hepatocyte injury. Meanwhile one of the main active components of the Chinese medicine Curdione inhibited hepatic stellate cell activation by targeting the TGF-β1/Smads signaling pathway. The further in vivo experiments showed that Sin C, Curdione and the combination of both have the effect of reversing liver fibrosis in mice, and the combined effect of inhibiting hepatic fibrosis is superior to treatment with Sin C or Curdione alone. Our study provides a potential candidate for multi-molecular or multi-pathway combination therapies for the treatment of hepatic fibrosis and demonstrates that combined pharmacotherapy holds great promise in the prevention and treatment of hepatic fibrosis.
Pyroptosis-Mediated Molecular Subtypes and Tumor Microenvironment Infiltration Characterization in Colon Cancer
Authors: Rao Jiawei , Li Wen , Chen Chuangqi
Published: November 2021

The role of pyroptosis, which is also a kind of cell-intrinsic death mechanism, in tumorigenesis and cancer progression has been revolutionized. However, the expression of pyroptosis-related genes (PYGs) in colon cancer (CC) and their prognostic value remain unclear. In this study, we comprehensively identified two PYG-mediated molecular subtypes with a distinct tumor microenvironment (TME) in 1,415 CC samples, which were based on 10 PYGs. The six-gene signature (pyroptosis score, PY-score) was constructed to quantify the molecular patterns of individual tumors using a least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO)–Cox regression model through the differentially expressed genes between the two molecular subtypes. Significant infiltration of activated immune cells (such as M1 macrophages and cytotoxic T cells) was observed in the low PY-score group, while naive and suppressive immune cells (such as naive CD8+ T cells and M2 macrophages) dominated in the high PY-score group. CC patients in the low PY-score group showed not only significant survival advantage but also sensitivity to immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment, anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) therapy, and chemotherapy. Overall, this work revealed that the PYGs played a vital role in the formation of heterogeneity in the TME. The analysis of the PYG-mediated molecular patterns helps in understanding the characterization of TME infiltration and provides insights into more effective therapeutic strategies.
Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Models of Frontotemporal Dementia With Tau Pathology
Authors: Kühn Rebekka , Mahajan Aayushi , Canoll Peter , Hargus Gunnar
Published: November 2021

Neurodegenerative dementias are the most common group of neurodegenerative diseases affecting more than 40 million people worldwide. One of these diseases is frontotemporal dementia (FTD), an early onset dementia and one of the leading causes of dementia in people under the age of 60. FTD is a heterogeneous group of neurodegenerative disorders with pathological accumulation of particular proteins in neurons and glial cells including the microtubule-associated protein tau, which is deposited in its hyperphosphorylated form in about half of all patients with FTD. As for other patients with dementia, there is currently no cure for patients with FTD and thus several lines of research focus on the characterization of underlying pathogenic mechanisms with the goal to identify therapeutic targets. In this review, we provide an overview of reported disease phenotypes in induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived neurons and glial cells from patients with tau-associated FTD with the aim to highlight recent progress in this fast-moving field of iPSC disease modeling. We put a particular focus on genetic forms of the disease that are linked to mutations in the gene encoding tau and summarize mutation-associated changes in FTD patient cells related to tau splicing and tau phosphorylation, microtubule function and cell metabolism as well as calcium homeostasis and cellular stress. In addition, we discuss challenges and limitations but also opportunities using differentiated patient-derived iPSCs for disease modeling and biomedical research on neurodegenerative diseases including FTD.
Basal Ganglia Germ Cell Tumors With or Without Sellar Involvement: A Long-Term Follow-Up in a Single Medical Center and a Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Zhang Yi , Wang Li , Ma Wenbin , Pan Hui , Wang Renzhi , Zhu Huijuan , Yao Yong
Published: November 2021

Background

Basal ganglia germ cell tumors (BGGCTs) represent an extremely rare subset of tumors about which little is known. Some patients suffer from tumor dissemination, such as sellar involvement. This study aimed to evaluate the independent prognostic risk factors of patients with BGGCTs with or without sellar involvement.

Methods

Sixteen patients were diagnosed with BGGCTs at Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 2000 to December 2020. A literature review was performed on the online databases Medline and PubMed, and 76 cases in the 19 retrieved articles were identified at the same time. The data regarding biochemical tests, radiological examinations, and outcomes during follow-up were analyzed.

Results

Of 92 patients in this study, seven patients were clinically diagnosed as germinomas, with the remaining 85 patients receiving surgery. Fifty-two patients suffered from multifocal lesions or tumor dissemination. The patients with BGGCTs demonstrated a significant male predilection. The patients with delayed diagnosis more likely had cognitive disturbance (p = 0.028), mental disturbance (p = 0.047), and diabetes insipidus (p = 0.02). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that the independent poor prognostic risk factors of patients with BGGCTs were delayed diagnosis [odd ratio (OR) 2.33; 95% CI 1.02–5.31], focal radiotherapy (OR 4.00; 95% CI 1.69–9.49), and non-pure germinoma (OR 4.64; 95% CI 1.76–12.22).

Conclusions

The delayed diagnosis, focal radiotherapy, and non-pure germinoma were associated with a poorer prognosis for patients with BGGCTs with or without sellar involvement.
Fluvastatin Reduces Glucose Tolerance in Healthy Young Individuals Independently of Cold Induced BAT Activity
Authors: Felder Martina , Maushart Claudia Irene , Gashi Gani , Senn Jaël Rut , Becker Anton S. , Müller Julian , Balaz Miroslav , Wolfrum Christian , Burger Irene A. , Betz Matthias Johannes
Published: November 2021

Background

Statins are commonly prescribed for primary and secondary prevention of atherosclerotic disease. They reduce cholesterol biosynthesis by inhibiting hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A-reductase (HMG-CoA-reductase) and therefore mevalonate synthesis. Several studies reported a small, but significant increase in the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus with statin treatment. The molecular mechanisms behind this adverse effect are not yet fully understood. Brown adipose tissue (BAT), which plays a role in thermogenesis, has been associated with a reduced risk of insulin resistance. Statins inhibit adipose tissue browning and have been negatively linked to the presence of BAT in humans. We therefore speculated that inhibition of BAT by statins contributes to increased insulin resistance in humans.

Methods

A prospective study was conducted in 17 young, healthy men. After screening whether significant cold-induced thermogenesis (CIT) was present, participants underwent glucose tolerance testing (oGTT) and assessment of BAT activity by FDG-PET/MRI after cold-exposure and treatment with a β3-agonist. Fluvastatin 2x40mg per day was then administered for two weeks and oGTT and FDG-PET/MRI were repeated.

Results

Two weeks of fluvastatin treatment led to a significant increase in glucose area under the curve (AUC) during oGTT (p=0.02), reduction in total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol (both p<0.0001). Insulin AUC (p=0.26), resting energy expenditure (REE) (p=0.44) and diet induced thermogenesis (DIT) (p=0.27) did not change significantly. The Matsuda index, as an indicator of insulin sensitivity, was lower after fluvastatin intake, but the difference was not statistically significant (p=0.09). As parameters of BAT activity, mean standard uptake value (SUVmean) (p=0.12), volume (p=0.49) and total glycolysis (p=0.74) did not change significantly during the intervention. Matsuda index, was inversely related to SUVmean and the respiratory exchange ratio (RER) (both R2 = 0.44, p=0.005) at baseline, but not after administration of fluvastatin (R2 = 0.08, p=0.29, and R2 = 0.14, p=0.16, respectively).

Conclusions

Treatment with fluvastatin for two weeks reduced serum lipid levels but increased glucose AUC in young, healthy men, indicating reduced glucose tolerance. This was not associated with changes in cold-induced BAT activity.
miRNA, lncRNA and circRNA: Targeted Molecules Full of Therapeutic Prospects in the Development of Diabetic Retinopathy
Authors: Chang Xingyu , Zhu Guomao , Cai Zongyan , Wang Yaqi , Lian Rongna , Tang Xulei , Ma Chengxu , Fu Songbo
Published: November 2021

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common diabetic complication and the main cause of blindness worldwide, which seriously affects the quality of life of patients. Studies have shown that noncoding RNA (ncRNA) has distinct differentiated expression in DR and plays an important role in the occurrence and development of DR. ncRNAs represented by microRNAs (miRNAs), lncRNAs (lncRNAs), and circRNAs (circRNAs) have been shown to be widely involved in the regulation of gene expression and affect multiple biological processes of retinopathy. This article will review three RNAs related to the occurrence and development of DR on the basis of previous studies (especially their effects on retinal microangiopathy, retinal pigment epithelial cells, and retinal nerve cells) and discuss their underlying mechanisms and connections. Overall, this review will help us better understand the role of ncRNAs in the occurrence and development of DR and provide ideas for exploring potential therapeutic directions and targets.
Electricity Theft Detection in Power Consumption Data Based on Adaptive Tuning Recurrent Neural Network
Authors: Lin Guoying , Feng Haoyang , Feng Xiaofeng , Wen Hongwu , Li Yuanzheng , Hong Shaoyong , Ni Zhixian
Published: November 2021

Electricity theft behavior has serious influence on the normal operation of power grid and the economic benefits of power enterprises. Intelligent anti-power-theft algorithm is required for monitoring the power consumption data to recognize electricity power theft. In this paper, an adaptive time-series recurrent neural network (TSRNN) architecture was built up to detect the abnormal users (i.e., the electricity theft users) in time-series data of the power consumption. In fusion with the synthetic minority oversampling technique (SMOTE) algorithm, a batch of virtual abnormal observations were generated as the implementation for training the TSRNN model. The power consumption record was characterized with the sharp data (ARP), the peak data (PEA), and the shoulder data (SHO). In the TSRNN architectural framework, a basic network unit was formed with three input nodes linked to one hidden neuron for extracting data features from the three characteristic variables. For time-series analysis, the TSRNN structure was re-formed by circulating the basic unit. Each hidden node was designed receiving data from both the current input neurons and the time-former neuron, thus to form a combination of network linking weights for adaptive tuning. The optimization of the TSRNN model is to automatically search for the most suitable values of these linking weights driven by the collected and simulated data. The TSRNN model was trained and optimized with a high discriminant accuracy of 95.1%, and evaluated to have 89.3% accuracy. Finally, the optimized TSRNN model was used to predict the 47 real abnormal samples, resulting in having only three samples false predicted. These experimental results indicated that the proposed adaptive TSRNN architecture combined with SMOTE is feasible to identify the abnormal electricity theft behavior. It is prospective to be applied to online monitoring of distributed analysis of large-scale electricity power consumption data.
Estimation of the P Fertilizer Demand of China Using the LePA Model
Authors: Yu Wenjia , Li Haigang , Nkebiwe Peteh Mehdi , Li Guohua , Müller Torsten , Zhang Junling , Shen Jianbo
Published: November 2021

Modern phosphate (P) fertilizers are sourced from P rock reserves, a finite and dwindling resource. Globally, China is the largest producer and consumer of P fertilizer and will deplete its domestic reserves within 80 years. It is necessary to avoid excess P input in agriculture through estimating P demand. We used the legacy P assessment model (LePA) to estimate P demand based on soil P management at the county, regional, and country scales according to six P application rate scenarios: (1) rate in 2012 maintained; (2) current rate maintained in low-P counties and P input stopped in high-P counties until critical Olsen-P level (CP) is reached, after which rate equals P-removal; (3) rate decreased to 1–1.5 kg ha−1 year−1 in low-P counties after CP is reached and in high-P counties; (4) rate in each county decreased to 1–8 kg ha−1 year−1 after soil Olsen-P reached CP in low P counties; (5) rate in each county was kept at P-removal rate after reduction; (6) P input was kept at the rate lower than P-offtake rate after reduction. The results showed that the total P fertilizer demand of China was 750 MT P2O5, 54% of P fertilizer can be saved from 2013 to 2080 in China, and soil Olsen-P of all counties can satisfy the demand for high crop yields. The greatest potential to decrease P input was in Yangtze Plain and South China, which reached 60%. Our results provide a firm basis to analyze the depletion of P reserves in other countries.
Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Envelope Protein Blocks SLA-DR Expression in Barrow-Derived Dendritic Cells by Inhibiting Promoters Activation
Authors: Wang Jie , Wang Yajing , Liu Bing , He Yunwei , Li Zhiwei , Zhao Qin , Nan Yuchen , Wu Chunyan
Published: November 2021

Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) is an acute, highly contagious intestinal swine disease caused by porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV). In addition to known PEDV infection targets (villous small intestinal epithelial cells), recent reports suggest that dendritic cells (DCs) may also be targeted by PEDV in vivo. Thus, in this study we used bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BM-DCs) as an in vitro model of antigen-presenting cells (APCs). Our results revealed that PEDV replicated in BM-DCs and that PEDV infection of cells inhibited expression of swine leukocyte antigen II DR (SLA-DR), a key MHC-II molecule involved in antigen presentation and initiation of CD4+ T cell activation. Notably, SLA-DR inhibition in BM-DCs did not require PEDV replication, suggesting that PEDV structural proteins participated in SLA-DR transcriptional inhibition. Moreover, reporter assay-based screening indicated that PEDV envelope protein blocked activation of SLA-DRα and β promoters, as did PEDV-ORF3 protein when present during PEDV replication. Meanwhile, treatment of PEDV-infected BM-DCs with MG132, a ubiquitin-proteasome degradation pathway inhibitor, did not restore SLA-DR protein levels. Additionally, PEDV infection of BM-DCs did not alter SLA-DR ubiquitination status, suggesting that PEDV infection did not affect SLA-DR degradation. Furthermore, additions of PEDV structural proteins to HEK-293T-SLA-DR stably transfected cells had no effect on SLA-DR protein levels, indicating that PEDV-mediated inhibition of SLA-DR expression acted mainly at the transcriptional level, not at the protein level. These results provide novel insights into PEDV pathogenic mechanisms and viral-host interactions.
Clinical Utility of the Addition of Molecular Genetic Testing to Newborn Screening for Sickle Cell Anemia
Authors: Shook Lisa M. , Haygood Deidra , Quinn Charles T.
Published: November 2021

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a group of related yet genetically complex hemoglobinopathies. Universal newborn screening (NBS) for SCD is performed in the United States and many other nations. Classical, protein-based laboratory methods are often adequate for the diagnosis of SCD but have specific limitations in the context of NBS. A particular challenge is the differentiation of sickle cell anemia (SCA) from the benign condition, compound heterozygosity for HbS and gene-deletion hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin (HbS/HPFH). We describe a sequential cohort of 44 newborns identified over 4.5 years who had molecular genetic testing incorporated into NBS for presumed SCA (an “FS” pattern). The final diagnosis was something other than SCA in six newborns (12%). Three (7%) had HbS/HPFH. All had a final, correct diagnosis at the time of their first scheduled clinic visit in our center (median 8 weeks of age). None received initial counseling for an incorrect diagnosis. In summary, genetic testing as a component of NBS for SCD is necessary to provide correct genetic counseling and education for all newborns' families at their first visit to a sickle cell center. Genetic testing also permits the use of early, pre-symptomatic hydroxyurea therapy by preventing infants with HbS/HPFH from receiving unnecessary therapy. We argue that genetic testing should be incorporated into contemporary NBS for SCD.