bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Integrated Silicon photodetectors in Silicon Nitride-on-SOI platform
Authors: Selvaraja Shankar Kumar , Chatterjee Avijit , Nambiar Siddharth
Published: July 2023

In this talk, we shall discuss the strategies to integrate silicon photodetector in silicon nitride-on-SOI platform. We shall discuss device design, fabrication challenges and measurement results of detectors for potential sensor and high-speed applications.
Guided Mode Resonance aided In-plane Color Filters for Compact Spectrometer
Authors: Rout Dipak , P Venkatachalam , Singh Radhakant , K P Shreelakshmi , Selvaraja Shankar Kumar
Published: July 2023

We design and demonstrate multi-spectral color filters from visible to near-IR using waveguide-coupled 2D guide-mode resonators in silicon nitride-on-sapphire. This is the first demonstration of such novel narrowband in-plane spectral filtering using guided-mode-resonators.
High-speed, step-like optical beam scanning using Si photonics SLG beam scanner for FMCW LiDAR
Authors: Gondo J. , Tamanuki T. , Tetsuya R. , Kamata M. , Ito H. , Baba T.
Published: July 2023

In Si FMCW LiDAR incorporating SLG scanner, the beam drifts during the frequency modulation. We compensated for this drift using smart thermo-optic control. Through space-time observations, we confirmed fast step-like beam scanning and high-resolution ranging.
Perovskite solar cell - thermoelectric tandem system: A novel method for high efficiency and stability
Authors: Lin Hong
Published: July 2023

Perovskite solar cells have become a research hotspot in recent years because of their excellent optical and electrical properties. However, at present, it still has problems such as insufficient solar spectral utilization and poor photothermal stability. Herein, we present a perovskite solar cell-thermoelectric tandem system with both high efficiency and stability, proving that combining perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with thermoelectric generators (TE) to form tandem devices can effectively improve the solar utilization, while reducing the operating temperature and improving the working stability, which has a good application prospect.
Photophysics of Perovskite Semiconductors: From Materials to Devices
Authors: Kanemitsu Yoshihiko
Published: July 2023

We present a brief summary of the photophysics of halide perovskite semiconductors and discuss their nonlinear optical responses and electron-phonon interactions.
High-Efficiency Overlay Grating Fiber-Chip Couplers for Aluminum Nitride-on-Sapphire Waveguide Platform
Authors: KP Shreelakshmi , Raghavan Srinivasan , Selvaraja Shankar Kumar
Published: July 2023

Fiber-chip grating couplers in AlN-on-Sapphire platform with a coupling efficiency of -5.5 dB/coupler is demonstrated, best reported so far. This enables the development of possible strategies to harness nonlinear photonics with the AlN platform.
Analysis of angular momentum transfer from photon to multimer nanoantenna
Authors: Sunaba Yuji , Sasaki Keiji
Published: July 2023

We numerically analyzed the localized plasmonic field. In this paper, we show the mechanism of angular momentum transfer from photon to the plasmonic nanoantenna in terms of nano scale energy flux and electric field distribution.
Coherent quench of superconducting state using optical vortex pulses
Authors: Toda Y. , Tsuchiya S. , Yamane K. , Morita R. , Oda M. , Mertelj T. , Mihailovic D.
Published: July 2023

Recently, topological lightwaves, represented by optical vortices, have become easily generated and are expected to have many novel applications. In this work, we report on coherent quench spectroscopy of a cuprate superconductor using optical vortex pulses to reveal the spatially modulated superconducting (SC) state. The transient response after quenching by the optical vortex pulse shows the spatially localized SC response that remains unquenched around the dark spot of the optical vortex. The spatially resolved imaging of the optical vortex-induced SC improves the spatial resolution in a similar principle to super-resolution microscopy.
Ultrafast, all-optical, and highly efficient imaging of molecular chirality via low-order nonlinear processes
Authors: Vogwell Josh , Smirnova Olga , Ayuso David
Published: July 2023

We introduce an ultrafast chiro-optical method based on sum-frequency generation. In contrast to traditional implementations, the medium’s chirality is encoded in theintensityof the nonlinear response, rather than in itsphase, with extreme efficiency.
Photoinduced Non-thermal Topological Phase Transition in Bi2Se3 Driven by Coherent Interlayer Vibrations
Authors: Park Tae Gwan , Park Junho , Oh Eon Taek , Na Hong Ryeol , Chun Seung-Hyun , Lee Sunghun , Rotermund Fabian
Published: July 2023

We present the non-thermal route of photoinduced topological phase transition driven by interlayer vibrations. By combining ultrafast optical and THz spectroscopy, which are sensitive to interlayer vibrations through photoelastic effects and Dirac surface state leading to low-energy conductivity in topological insulator Bi2Se3, we found that interfacial modes, which correspond to uniaxial strains and modulate interlayer spacing, involve the photoinduced topological phase switching from topological insulator toward normal insulator. Our observations provide fundamental insight to nanomechanical lattice-topological phase interactions for possible optoelectronic and photonic applications based on optically-driven phase transition switching at ultrafast timescales.
Low-temperature spectroscopy of single-photon emitters in irradiation-engineered hexagonal boron nitride
Authors: Fischer Moritz , Sajid Ali , Hötger Alexander , Thygesen Kristian S. , Xiao Sanshui , Wubs Martijn , Holleitner Alexander , Stenger Nicolas
Published: July 2023

To identify the microscopic origin of single-photon emitters in hexagonal boron nitride, we perform low-temperature spectroscopy. We observe strong photoluminescence at two different excitation lasers that hint at a phonon-assisted excitation scheme.
10 dB Sensitivity Improvement by Employing Volterra Equalization for 400G-ZR 80 km Pluggable Coherent Transceiver
Authors: Su Yu-Cheng , Chuang Chun-Yen , Tseng Yen-Hsiang , Fan Nick , Lin Louis , Cheng Jack , Chen Jyehong
Published: July 2023

We have successfully demonstrated a -22 dBm receiver sensitivity 400G-ZR coherent transmission system over 80km. The extra 10 dB link budget has potential to extend the distance to 120 km for next generation 400G-ZR+ applications.
Simplified Pre-Distortion Technique for PAM4 Modulation based on a Micro-Ring Modulator
Authors: Chang Kai-Wen , Yu Yu-Cheng , Wei Chia-Chien , Huang Chin Shih , Hsieh Hao Chun , Pan Hung Chun , Ting Wei-Jo , Li Heng
Published: July 2023

This study analyzes the performance of digital pre-distortion (DPD) for micro-ring-modulator-based PAM4 modulation. With limited taps for practicality, the optimal de-sign of the DPD was shown to depend on the operating conditions of the modulator.
Theory of highly-strained InAs quantum well lasers grown on InP for optical communications at 2 µm
Authors: Davidson Zoe C. M. , Rorison Judy M. , Broderick Christopher A.
Published: July 2023

We present a theoretical analysis of highly-strained InAs quantum well lasers grown on InP for use in next-generation hollow-core fibre optical communications close to 2 µm, and validate our calculations against recent experimental data.
Detection of Biological Nanoparticles by Photothermal Convection with Plasmonic Nano-bowl Substrate
Authors: Kanoda Masatoshi , Hayashi Kota , Tamura Mamoru , Tokonami Shiho , Iida Takuya
Published: July 2023

We developed a plasmonic nano-bowl substrate exhibiting sensitive optical properties due to localized surface plasmons, and demonstrated the optical condensation detection of nanoparticles. Quantitative analysis of nanoparticles was performed by fluorescence imaging and reflectance spectroscopy.
Laser-induced microbubble fusion of liposomes and formation of ultralong tubes
Authors: Noguchi Akemi , Kojima Chiaki , Yuyama Ken-ichi , Shoji Tatsuya , Tsuboi Yasuyuki
Published: July 2023

We discovered a phenomenon of the formation of giant tubular liposomes by small spherical liposomes, those are trapped under a laser-induced bubble on an Au film. In this study, we investigated this phenomenon in detail to elucidate its mechanism.
Suppression of stimulated Brillouin scattering in multimode fiber via adjusting the input wavefront
Authors: Nguyen Linh V. , Chen Chun-Wei , Henderson-Sapir Ori , Wisal Kabish , Schartner Erik , Ottaway David , Stone Douglas , Ebendorff-Heidepriem Heike , Warren-Smith Stephen C.
Published: July 2023

Stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) induced by narrow-linewidth high power pulses in a multimode fiber (MMF) is suppressed via controlling the input wavefront, presenting a new route to scaling power in high power fiber amplifiers.
Pre-chirper free nonlinear fiber amplifier generating tunable picosecond pulses for coherent anti-Stokes Raman imaging
Authors: Li Jiaying , Wu Jiamei , Yang Kangwen , Hao Qiang , Ji Minbiao , Yan Ming , Huang Kun , Zeng Heping
Published: July 2023

A pre-chirper free, core-pumped nonlinear fiber amplifier was demonstrated to generate parabolic pulse with spectral bandwidth of 53 nm, these pulses were filtered and passively synchronized for conducting coherent anti-Stokes Raman imaging.
Achieving high pulse purity in spectrally-sliced supercontinuum pumped by ultrafast fiber lasers
Authors: Zhu Shiyu , Li Jiahe , Dai Ruihong , Wang Fengqiu
Published: July 2023

We compare the temporal purity of pulses from filter-sliced supercontinuum and found pulses generated by a picosecond pump exhibit appreciably better quality than a femtosecond pump, yielding new insights for designing practical ultrafast wavelength-tunable supercontinuum.
Recent Progress in Terahertz Quantum Sensing
Authors: Kutas Mirco , Haase Björn Erik , Riexinger Felix , Hennig Joshua , Pfeiffer Tobias , Molter Daniel , von Freymann Georg
Published: July 2023

Terahertz quantum sensing using nonlinear interferometers allows for measuring terahertz spectral properties of samples while only detecting visible light, which never interacted with the sample. We discuss possibilities for terahertz applications in spectroscopy and imaging.
Direct print of well-aligned close-packed gold microdots with optical vortex irradiation
Authors: Takahashi Kanta , Kawaguchi Haruki , Wei Rong , Yamane Keisaku , Yuyama Ken-ichi , Kawano Satoyuki , Morita Ryuji , Aoki Nobuyuki , Miyamoto Katsuhiko , Omatsu Takashige
Published: July 2023

We demonstrate the direct print of well-aligned gold microdots formed of close-packed gold nanoparticles at high spatial resolution by employing an optical vortex laser-induced forward transfer technique.
Diode-Laser Frequency-Combs
Authors: Cundiff Steven. T. , Day Matthew W. , Dong Mark , Winful Herbert G.
Published: July 2023

We demonstrate coherent comb generation by diode-lasers. These simple, electrically pumped, and inexpensive devices are readily manufactured. We measure the underlying frequency dynamics responsible for the comb spectrum, and conduct dual comb molecular spectroscopy.
Enhancement of supercontinuum generation with multi-mode excitation in silicon-nitride waveguide
Authors: Yoshida Koki , Ishizawa Atsushi , Kou Rai , Xu Xuejun , Tsuchizawa Tai , Aihara Takuma , Kikkawa Yugo , Nishikawa Tadashi , Hitachi Kenichi , Cong Guangwei , Yamamoto Noritsugu , Yamada Koji , Oguri Katsuya
Published: July 2023

We demonstrated the enhancement of supercontinuum generation by 18 dB at a wavelength of 0.6 μm with multimode excitation in a dispersion-controlled silicon-nitride waveguides. The enhancement was observed in the spectral range of 0.4 to 1.0 μm.
Super-resolution spectrometer enabled by a quantum-memory-based time-frequency processor
Authors: Mazelanik Mateusz , Leszczyński Adam , Parniak Michał , Wasilewski Wojciech
Published: July 2023

We employ an optical quantum memory with build-in processing capabilities to demonstrate a quantum-optimal measurement of frequency separation between two narrow spectral lines.
Spectral Hologram of a Single Photon
Authors: Lipka Michał , Parniak Michał
Published: July 2023

Spectrally-resolved two-photon interference experimentally unveils a spectral-phase footprint of a bandwidth-mismatched interaction between an ultrafast single photon and slowly-relaxing resonant atomic vapor, promising applications in non-invasive sensing of ultrafast transient processes and bringing new fundamental insights.
Chiral response observed at exceptional points in graphene-loaded photonic crystals
Authors: Otsuka Shutaro , Moritake Yuto , Yoda Taiki , Uemura Takahiro , Ono Masaaki , Kuramochi Eiichi , Notomi Masaya
Published: July 2023

By using non-Hermitian photonic crystals loaded with graphene, we investigate unique chiral properties of exceptional points in the polarization space. We experimentally observe PT phase transition and chiral asymmetric transmission originating from exceptional points.
Optical non-Hermitian skin effect in continuous media
Authors: Yoda Taiki , Moritake Yuto , Yokomizo Kazuki , Murakami Shuichi , Notomi Masaya
Published: July 2023

Although non-Hermitian skin effect has been discussed in periodic media having band structures, we show that continuous media can exhibit similar non-Hermitian skin effects when appropriate loss and anisotropy are incorporated.
Sensitive Detection of Marker Proteins by the Enhanced Fluorescence Technique with a Plasmonic Chip
Authors: Tawa Keiko
Published: July 2023

Plasmonic chip with a wavelength-size periodic structure can provide the enhanced electric field on the chip surface and therefore, in the fluorescence detection and imaging, the target molecule was sensitively detected with the sandwich immunoassay by the larger fluorescence signal. Here, the hole array-type and Bull's eye-type patterns were used for target detection of S-protein and single exosome, respectively. The capture interface was prepared for suppressing the nonspecific adsorption of labeled-antibody and detection antibody was also considered. The fluorescence was measured with an angle scanning system and a fluorescence microscope. S-protein was detected at 0.1 ng/mL within 40 min. On the other hand, single exosome modified with some kinds of labeled-antibody was detected at the exosome concentration of 47 fM. The combination of the S-protein immunoassay and single exosome detection and analysis method can be applied to detection of SARS-CoV-2 virus.
Optical Semiconductor Devices for LiDAR
Authors: Maekita Kazuaki , Mase Mitsuhito
Published: July 2023

We have been offering many types of optical semiconductor devices for LiDAR. In this presentation, our products required in the various LiDAR application are explained.
Progress of photonic-crystal surface-emitting lasers for LiDAR applications
Authors: Noda Susumu , De Zoysa Menaka , Yoshida Masahiro , Ishizaki Kenji , Inoue Takuya , Sakata Ryoichi
Published: July 2023

Recent progresses of photonic-crystal surface-emitting lasers (PCSELs) are described, particularly based on recently developed photonic crystals, so called “double lattice photonic crystals” and “dually modulated photonic crystals”. Their applications to LiDAR systems are also discussed.
FMCW LiDAR Chip with SLG Beam Scanner
Authors: Baba T. , Tamanuki T. , Ito H. , Kamata M. , Tetsuya R. , Suyama S. , Abe H. , Kurahashi R.
Published: July 2023

Si photonics slow-light grating based on photonic crystal waveguides allows electrically driven completely nonmechanical beam scanning. We have incorporated it in a fully integrated FMCW LiDAR chip and obtained its real time operation.
Cascaded multi-stage directional coupler on silicon-on-insulator
Authors: Tang Cheng-Tse , Jou Chewn-Pu , Cho Lan-Chou , Kuo Fong-Wei , Chung Ming-Yang , Huang Tai-Chun , Hung Yung-Jr
Published: July 2023

We demonstrate the feasibility of a width-engineered cascaded multi-stage directional coupler on silicon-on-insulator for broadband (within 5% power variation over 100 nm wavelength range) and fabrication tolerant operation (let = 2.5% across 12-inch wafer).
Poling Free Second-Order Nonlinear Waveguides in LNOI using Bound State in the Continuum
Authors: Chakkoria Jackson Jacob , Boes Andreas , Selvaraja Shankar Kumar , Mitchell Arnan
Published: July 2023

We report a theoretical analysis of second-order nonlinear conversion by combining modal phase matching and bound state in the continuum in SiN strip loaded lithium niobate on insulator waveguides predicting an efficiency of 400% W-1 cm-2
Experimental Demonstration of High Extinction TE-Pass Polarizers in Thin Film Lithium Niobate on Insulator
Authors: Dubey Aditya , Boes Andreas , Frigg Andreas , Ren Guanghui , Nguyen Thach G. , Walia Sumeet , Mitchell Arnan
Published: July 2023

In this contribution, we present an experimental demonstration of high extinction TE-pass polarizers by using lateral leakage in the thin film lithium niobate on insulator waveguides, achieving a TM mode polarization suppression of 262 dB/cm.
Single and Multi-photon Absorption Induced Resonance Tuning in Gallium Selenide Integrated Silicon Nitride Ring Resonators
Authors: Prosad Asish , Biswas Rabindra , A.S. Lal Krishna , Srinivas T. , Raghunathan Varun
Published: July 2023

We study resonance tuning in Gallium Selenide integrated Silicon Nitride ring resonators in the 700-800 nm wavelength range using single- and multi-photon absorption processes. Blue-shift observed in the resonances is attributed to free-carrier refraction effects.
Topological surface states at C4 rotational symmetry photonic crystals bounded by air
Authors: Tasolamprou Anna C. , Kafesaki Maria , Soukoulis Costas M. , Economou Eleftherios N. , Koschny Thomas
Published: July 2023

We present an approach for manipulating topological states sustained at free space interfaces. Eigenvalue analysis corroborated by direct scattering simulations demonstrate the topological invariant jump, the mode's unidirectionalilty and immunity to defects and back-scattering.
Highly Efficient Green Emissions of InGaN/GaN Quantum Wells with oxide thin films
Authors: Kaito S. , Kamei Y. , Matsuyama T. , Wada K. , Funato M. , Kawakami Y. , Okamoto K.
Published: July 2023

We propose a bran-new method to improve efficiencies of green emissions of InGaN/GaN with oxides thin films. Photoluminescence intensities were enhanced significantly by depositing a thin oxide film and irradiating the surface with ultraviolet light.
Plasmon-enhanced single photon source on an optical nanofiber
Authors: Xuan Yining , Sugawara Masakazu , Mitsumori Yasuyoshi , Edamatsu Keiichi , Sadgrove Mark
Published: July 2023

We study a gold nanoparticle-quantum-dot coupled system on an optical nanofiber, serving as enhanced single photon source in a fiber-based communication network. Purcell enhancement and degree-of-polarization enhancement are considered for two different types of nanoparticles.
Near-Infrared Selective Absorber with Single-Material Based on Refractive Index-Tunable Tamm Plasmon Structure
Authors: Kim So Hee , Ko Joo Hwan , Yoo Young Jin , Kim Min Seok , Lee Gil Ju , Ishii Satoshi , Song Young Min
Published: July 2023

We suggest a computational model with near-unity absorption (≈99%) and a high Q-factor (≈45) of single-material Tamm plasmon structure (SMTPs). Our structure facilitates the realization of photodetectors for practical applications demanding high-performance TPs.
Molecule self-organized fiber grating in fiber few-mode interferometers for temperature sensing applications
Authors: Peng Ya-Pei , Zhou Haimiao , Suo Lina , Yang Fan , Ren Shijie , Chen Nan-Kuang , Lu Xinhe , Rahman B. M. A. , Grattan K.T.V.
Published: July 2023

We demonstrate fiber few-mode interferometers based on self-assembly surface corrugated grating using charged nano-particles for temperature sensors with a maximum resonant wavelength shift of 4.6 nm over 20°C - 60°C.
Measurement and applications of high-intensity XFEL interactions with matter
Authors: Inoue Ichiro
Published: July 2023

This talk reviews the recent experimental studies on intense x-ray interaction with matter at SACLA. In particular, measurement of the x-ray-induced transient structural changes and their applications to optical control of XFEL pulses will be discussed.
A series of phase-matched spectral peaks generated in gas-filled antiresonant hollow core fiber
Authors: Gavara Trivikramarao , Chang Wonkeun
Published: July 2023

We report the generation of a series of phased-matched spectral peaks in a gas-filled antiresonant hollow core fiber. They appear due to rapid changes in the dispersion profile near the structural resonances in the fiber.
Assessing role of sensor directivity in the photoacoustic tomography
Authors: Warbal Pankaj , Saha Ratan K.
Published: July 2023

Sensor directivity in photoacoustic tomography (PAT) imaging is investigated. The photoacoustic (PA) signals with directivity effect were used to construct the system matrix needed for the Tikhonov regularization. This method provides improved PAT images.
Fabrication of Wavelength-Selective Visible-Absorbing Filter for 405-nm by Surface Plasmon Resonance
Authors: Motogaito Atsushi , Shimizu Seigi , Akatsuka Karen , Hiramatsu Kazumasa
Published: July 2023

Herein, the fabrication of the wavelength-selective visible-absorbing filter for 405-nm by surface plasmon resonance was performed. Using the double-layer wire grid structure of Ag and Al, the peak absorptance was observed experimentally.
Pump Power Optimization of Picosecond Supercontinuum Generation in Silicon-on-insulator Waveguide
Authors: Lin Kaibin , Li Qian
Published: July 2023

We numerically demonstrate an active control method to optimize the pump power of picosecond pulse pumped supercontinuum generation in the silicon-on-insulator waveguide, which can obtain a broad spectrum at a lower pump power.
A Theoretical Study on Mid-Infrared Pumped Broadband Frequency Doubling Characteristics of Non-Oxide Crystals
Authors: Kim Ilhwan , Lee Kwang Jo
Published: July 2023

We present a theoretical and numerical study on the broadband frequency doubling characteristics of non-oxide crystals including uniaxial chalcopyrite semiconductors and defect chalcopyrite as well as biaxial orthorhombic ternary chalcogenides.
Imaging identification of pharmaceutical material by using terahertz difference-frequency generation semiconductor source
Authors: Nakanishi Atsushi , Akiyama Koichiro , Hayashi Shohei , Satozono Hiroshi , Fujita Kazuue
Published: July 2023

We demonstrated imaging identification of pharmaceutical material using a compact ultra-broadband terahertz semiconductor source. We could obtain THz false-color RGB images from plural frequency information. We demonstrated the ability to distinguish the pharmaceutical materials having different crystal forms by using the THz DFG source. Polymorphism, hydrate forms, and crystallinity of pharmaceutical materials can be distinguished using this method.
Evaluation of Nonlinear Phase Shift Mitigating Dispersion-Induced Fading in Radio-over-Fiber Link
Authors: Okunushi Kento , Kariyawasam Amila , Maeda Joji
Published: July 2023

We discuss the nonlinear phase shift induced by self-phase modulation in analogue Radio-over-Fiber link based on a small-signal analytical model. The validity of the model is examined by comparing it with experimental results.
High power visible supercontinuum generation pumped by all normal dispersion picosecond Yb-doped fiber laser
Authors: Inoue Yukihiro , Ogawa Juri , Kaneda Ryosuke , Higashiguchi Takeshi
Published: July 2023

High power visible supercontinuum source pumped by all normal dispersion picosecond Yb-doped fiber laser was demonstrated. Seed laser is operated in the normal dispersion regime, so it allows significant output power scaling while avoiding pulse breakup. The average power higher than 2 W was achieved with a spectral bandwidth of 1700 nm. The supercontinuum source will be useful for many applications including defect detection and a mask alignment in the nano-in-print lithography.
Characteristics of supercontinuum beam with Photonic crystal fiber of different length
Authors: Kurihara Ryo , Ogawa Juri , Inoue Yukihiro , Kaneda Ryosuke , Hirao Shotaro , Higashiguchi Takeshi
Published: July 2023

We generated supercontinuum beam from a nanosecond pulsed Nd:YAG laser by a different length PCF, and the wavelength conversion characteristics were measured.
Optical Degradations Induced by Unoptimized Intracavity Fiber Connections in a Single-Oscillator 2 µm All-Fiber Laser
Authors: Dalloz Nicolas , Motard Arnaud , Louot Christophe , Manek-Honninger Inka , Dhollande Anne
Published: July 2023

We show the effects of voluntarily unoptimized intracavity fiber connections on the output optical properties of a 2 µm single oscillator all-fiber laser and propose mitigation actions to limit the degradation of the laser performances.
Active Control of Random Lasing Using the Optical Trapping Technique
Authors: Kaku Takashi , Yokoi Naomichi , Okamoto Takashi
Published: July 2023

A method to control the random laser action of particle-dispersed media using the optical trapping technique is proposed. By focusing a trapping beam into a small region of the scattering medium, some of the scattering particles are trapped in that region, causing the distribution of scatterers inhomogeneous. According to the experimental results, the emission intensity of the spectral peak varies, depending on whether the trapping beam is on or off. Other spectral features caused by the particle trapping are also examined.
Deep Hole Drilling of Wide Bandgap Materials using Hybrid ArF Laser
Authors: Onose Takashi , Igarashi Hironori , Kamba Yasuhiro , Miura Taisuke , Kakizaki Kouji
Published: July 2023

We demonstrated a laser drilling on sintered SiC plate using hybrid ArF laser at the wavelength of 193 nm. We obtained a diagonal hole on 2-mm thick SiC plate at a slant angle of 20°.
Spectral Restoration of Optical Comb by Low-Resolution Spectrum Analyzer Combined with Inverse Matrix Deconvolution Processing
Authors: Hidaka Takumi , Ishijima Tatsuki , Sakamoto Takahide
Published: July 2023

We demonstrate spectral measurement of frequency components generated from an electro-optic-modulator-based comb generator. Even with a cost-effective low-resolution spectrum analyzer, an inverse matrix deconvolution processing helps restore the comb lines under measurement.
Diagnosis of Unstained Biological Blood Cells Using Phase Hologram
Authors: Ghareab Dahi , Ibrahim Abdelsalam
Published: July 2023

A technology employs spatial light modulator for displaying the phase hologram and Fourier lens for its reconstruction is presented. The noise level of the reconstructed object is reduced by 40% using windowed Fourier filtering method.
Counterfactual Polarimetry of a Polarising Object
Authors: Hance Jonte R. , Rarity John
Published: July 2023

We extend counterfactual imaging to polarimetry of a polarising object. This allows imaging of these samples with far less absorbed energy - a key concern when imaging with high-frequency radiation.
Temperature dependence of biexciton luminescence by joint spectral intensity measurement
Authors: Seki Hiroya , Hashimoto Keita , Ishihara Jun , Miyajima Kensuke , Shimizu Ryosuke
Published: July 2023

We measured two-dimensional spectra for photon pairs generated from biexciton in CuCl, changing the crystal temperature. Spectral diffusion by the degradation of the biexciton state appeared in a specific direction in the two-dimensional spectrum.
Measurement and simulation of micro-machined filters for scattered light suppression in integrated optics
Authors: Palmer Quinn , Stratton Benjamin , Silverstone Joshua W.
Published: July 2023

Solutions to reducing scattered light is silicon photonic devices is achieved through micro machined, chip scale trench patterns where full die height features promote scattering and diffusion. Device performance is demonstrated through measurement and simulation.
Highly Excited Atom Interactions with an Optical Nanofiber
Authors: Vylegzhanin Alexey , Raj Aswathy , Brown Dylan , Chormaic Sile Nic
Published: July 2023

We perform the excitation of cold 87Rb atoms to Rydberg levels next to an optical nanofiber to exploit such an interface for use in quantum information processing.
A silicon micro-ring resonator with a curved directional coupler for wavelength-independent operation
Authors: Wu Cheng-Hsuan , Chen Chih-Hsin , Huang Chin-Shih , Hsieh Hao-Chun , Pan Hung-Chun , Wu Yu-Fu , Yang Tai-Chi , Hung Yung-Jr
Published: July 2023

A asymmetric curved directional coupler (CDC) is designed to provide wavelengthindependent response and arbitrary optical coupling ratio. The CDC-equipped micro-ring resonator enables an extinction ratio of 14±2 dB over the entire o-band wavelengths.
Dual Evanescent Waves in a Single Resonance: Innovative Applications for Fano Resonance Biosensors
Authors: Lo Shu-Cheng , Wang Sheng-Hann , Chang Ting-Wei , Lee Kuang-Li , Chern Ruey-Lin , Wei Pei-Kuen
Published: July 2023

Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensors take advantages of label-free, real-time and surface-sensitive detection. The SPR technology is widely used for studying binding kinetics of various biomolecules. However, the typical SPR only has an evanescent depth. In this work, we discover a new phenomenon in aluminum capped nanoslit array which possesses two distant evanescent depths in a single Fano mode. This dual-mode in a single resonance property makes the Fano resonance useful for some innovative biosensing applications, such as self-referencing SPR sensors which applied in measuring the bio-reaction.
Superachromatic Reflective Phase Retarder for the Polarization Conversion of Attosecond Pulses
Authors: Sakata Keisuke , Ito Kengo , Sekikawa Taro
Published: July 2023

A reflective superachromatic phase retarder for extreme ultraviolet attosecond pulses was developed using SiC mirrors. The phase retardation at 28.0 eV is 90° with a deviation less than ±λ/50 for a bandwidth of 3.1 eV.
Milliwatt-threshold widely-tunable optical parametric oscillation in integrated chalcogenide microresonators
Authors: Wang Zifu , Zhao Jiaxin , Xia Di , Li Yufei , luo Liyang , Liu Dong , Zhang Bin , Li Zhaohui
Published: July 2023

We demonstrate a widely-tunable optical parametric oscillation ranging from 1254 nm to 2088 nm in integrated chalcogenide microresonators with 1.2 milliwatt pump power threshold.
Enhance Photoluminescence of MoS2 by SiNx Photonic Crystal Resonators
Authors: Lu Tsan-Wen , Chu Huan-Yueh , Lin Shih-Yen , Lee Po-Tsung
Published: July 2023

We study and realize different integrations between monolayer MoS2 and SiNx photonic crystal resonators. These integrations can produce the narrow and broadband photoluminescence enhancements of MoS2 by the band-edge and high Q cavity mode inside.
Plasmonic Ring Resonator Glucose Sensor with Reduced Full width at Half Maximum
Authors: Kumari Soumya , Verma Yogesh Kumar , Tripathi Saurabh Mani
Published: July 2023

A metal-insulator-metal ring resonator is reported for glucose sensing. Introduction of Si dielectric material in input bus-waveguide decreased FWHM to ~27 nm. Simulated average glucose sensitivity and figure-of-merit are 0.17 nm.L/g and 0.0063 L/g, respectively.
Highly sensitive microdisk-laser sensor with meta-air-hole patterns
Authors: Jeong Haerin , Kim Myung-Ki
Published: July 2023

We demonstrate a microdisk-laser sensor with meta-air-hole patterns that improves the sensitivity by a factor of two to the external refractive-index compared to the unpatterned microdisk-laser when the volume ratio of meta-air-holes is 8%
Quest for chiral nanogap structures using topology optimization
Authors: Fukui Yamato , Taguchi Atsushi , Sasaki Keiji
Published: July 2023

Nanogap structures, widely used in the field of nanophotonics, are usually achiral, which have mirror image symmetry. We designed chiral nano-gap structures having selectivity against the handedness of circularly polarized light.
Simple & precisely printed metasurface on fiber apex
Authors: Kim Moohyuk , Park Nu-Ri , Yu Aran , Kim Myung-Ki
Published: July 2023

We demonstrate a simple yet efficient fabrication technique for integration of metasurface and optical fiber using nanohole patterned PMMA metasurface. We experimentally confirmed that the metasurface-integrated optical fiber can effectively control the wavefront.
Organic VCSEL Lattice Fabricated by Nanoimprint Lithography
Authors: Adachi Yuji , Hirao Tsukasa , Enna Takuya , Inukai Takaya , Takahashi Shun , Yamashita Kenichi
Published: July 2023

Two-dimensional lattice structures implemented in strongly coupled organic microcavities are expected to be applied to quantum systems by exploiting the room temperature polariton states. As a means to fabricate such two-dimensional lattice structures, recent studies have employed advanced techniques such as electron beam lithography and ion beam milling [1]. A feasible method using laser patterning has also been proposed, but there are issues with precision [2]. In this study, we examined a UV- nanoimprint technique as an accessible method to fabricate polariton lattices, and evaluated their luminescence properties. We observed the mode dispersion curves implying the polariton modes localized in the polariton lattice trap.
Wavelength-stepping algorithm for testing the thickness and front and back surfaces of optical plates with high signal-to-noise ratio
Authors: Servin Manuel , Paez Gonzalo , Padilla Moises , Garnica Guillermo
Published: July 2023

We propose a least-squares phase-stepping algorithm (LS-PSA) consisting of only 14 steps for high-quality optical plate testing. Optical plate testing produces an infinite number of simultaneous fringe patterns due to multiple reflections. However, because of the small reflection of common optical materials, only a few simultaneous fringes have amplitudes above the measuring noise. From these fringes, only the variations of the plate’s surfaces and thicknesses are of interest. To measure these plates, one must use wavelength stepping, which corresponds to phase stepping in standard digital interferometry. The designed PSA must phase demodulate a single fringe sequence and filter out the remaining temporal fringes. In the available literature, researchers have adapted PSAs to the dimensions of particular plates. As a consequence, there are as many PSAs published as different testing plate conditions. Moreover, these PSAs are designed with too many phase steps to provide detuning robustness well above the required level. Instead, we mathematically prove that a single 14-step LS-PSA can adapt to several testing setups. As is well known, this 14-step LS-PSA has a maximum signal-to-noise ratio and the highest harmonic rejection among any other 14-step PSA. Due to optical dispersion and experimental length measuring errors, the fringes may have a slight phase detuning. Using propagation error theory, we demonstrate that measuring distances with around 1% uncertainty produces a small and acceptable detuning error for the proposed 14-step LS-PSA.
Stellar scintillation statistics and the impact of aperture averaging on space-to-ground optical communications
Authors: Yura H. T. , Rose T. S. , Wicker J. M.
Published: July 2023

Statistical probability distributions characterizing received optical power fluctuations, or scintillation, enable performance predictions of space-to-ground optical communication systems. In this paper, we present measurements of stellar scintillation over a wide range of elevation angles and turbulence conditions collected simultaneously with a 5 cm and 40 cm telescope aperture, which allows a comparison between minimal and significant aperture averaging conditions. The measured data is compared to a reasonable set of candidate probability distribution functions (PDFs), including lognormal, which is most often cited in the literature for weak to moderate scintillation. For scintillation indices (SIs) less than about 0.2, the Nakagami-m distribution provides the best representation of the collected data for both apertures and imposes a greater lasercom link penalty than a lognormal distribution, which has been inaccurately implemented as the default probability distribution in the literature. For larger values of the SI, the scintillation is best characterized by a Gamma-Gamma distribution. Additionally, the measured temporal covariance for weak to moderate scintillation conditions is found to be in reasonably good agreement with theoretical predictions.
Optical CO2 gas sensor based on liquid crystals in a textile grid
Authors: Goudarzi Ali , Mohammadimasoudi Mohammad , Habibimoghaddam Fatemeh , Poorkhalil Ali , Shemirani Mohammadreza G. , Esmailpour Mahboube , Mohajerani Ezeddin
Published: July 2023

Given the increasing concerns about global warming, it is undeniable that measuring and controlling carbon dioxide (CO2) levels, a colorless and odorless greenhouse gas, is of great value. In this respect, liquid crystals (LCs) as an anisotropic material hold promise for fabricating such gas sensors. Here, we report a sensitive optical gas sensor for real-time monitoring of CO2 gas, exploiting a textile grid impregnated with LC and diethanolamine (DEA) as a CO2-sensitive material. The sensing mechanism relies on the reorientation of LC molecules upon the interaction of gas analytes with DEA. By tracing optical texture changes and extracting the corresponding intensities, CO2 gas concentrations ranging from 300 to 10,000 ppm were detected. The sensor exhibits a response time of 12 seconds and a recovery time of 7 seconds at 800 ppm. The sensor is simple and cost-effective.
A multi-scale clutch model for adhesion complex mechanics
Authors: Venturini Chiara , Sáez Pablo
Published: July 2023

Cell-matrix adhesion is a central mechanical function to a large number of phenomena in physiology and disease, including morphogenesis, wound healing, and tumor cell invasion. Today, how single cells respond to different extracellular cues has been comprehensively studied. However, how the mechanical behavior of the main individual molecules that form an adhesion complex cooperatively responds to force within the adhesion complex is still poorly understood. This is a key aspect of cell adhesion because how these cell adhesion molecules respond to force determines not only cell adhesion behavior but, ultimately, cell function. To answer this question, we develop a multi-scale computational model for adhesion complexes mechanics. We extend the classical clutch hypothesis to model individual adhesion chains made of a contractile actin network, a talin rod, and an integrin molecule that binds at individual adhesion sites on the extracellular matrix. We explore several scenarios of integrins dynamics and analyze the effects of diverse extracellular matrices on the behavior of the adhesion molecules and on the whole adhesion complex. Our results describe how every single component of the adhesion chain mechanically responds to the contractile actomyosin force and show how they control the traction forces exerted by the cell on the extracellular space. Importantly, our computational results agree with previous experimental data at the molecular and cellular levels. Our multi-scale clutch model presents a step forward not only to further understand adhesion complexes mechanics but also to impact, e.g., the engineering of biomimetic materials, tissue repairment, or strategies to arrest tumor progression.
Factors influencing career preference in mental health among nursing students and intern nurses in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
Authors: Sanga Sofia Samson , Tarimo Edith A. M. , Ambikile Joel Seme
Published: July 2023

Worldwide, the prevalence of mental health, neurological, and substance use (MNS) disorders has been on the rise and remains a significant leading cause of disease burden. Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) shares a fair burden of MNS with depressive disorders being the most prevalent in this region. A huge treatment gap for MNS exists, with lack of appropriate human resources and expertise for service delivery being one of the key barriers. Pre-service and in-service training plays a vital role in developing human resource for mental health. However, low or lack of career interests in mental health has been documented among students. A cross-sectional study was conducted between April and May 2021 to determine factors influencing career preference in mental health among nursing students and intern nurses at Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences (MUHAS) and Muhimbili National Hospital (MNH) respectively in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Sixty-eight (68) nursing students at MUHAS who had covered the mental health nursing course and 83 intern nurses who had rotated at the MNH Psychiatry and Mental Health department participated in the study using consecutive sampling. A pre-tested structured self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data, followed by analysis with version 25 of the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. The Chi-square test and logistic regression were performed to determine factors associated with career preference. One third (33.1%; n = 50) of participants had career preference in mental health nursing. Living with a person with mental illness (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 4.350; 95% CI: 1.958, 9.664; p <0.001), awareness of possible career advancement in mental health (AOR: 16.193; 95% CI: 2.022, 129.653; p = 0.009), awareness of possible income generation in mental health career (AOR: 6.783; 95% CI: 2.295, 20.047; p = 0.001), and satisfaction with psychiatric working environment (AOR: 6.753; 95% CI: 2.900, 15.726; p <0.001), were significantly associated with career preference in mental health. Low mental health career preference among university nursing students and intern nurses jeopardizes the future of the mental health nursing profession and may complicate the already existing shortage of human resource for mental health. The higher learning institutions, health facilities, and the Ministry of Health may need to take deliberate actions to ensure that interest to pursue a career in mental health is built among students and interns. Further research is needed to provide more insight into how the psychiatric working environment affects career preference in mental health.
Population-level viremia predicts HIV incidence at the community level across the Universal Testing and Treatment Trials in eastern and southern Africa
Authors: Larmarange Joseph , Bachanas Pamela , Skalland Timothy , Balzer Laura B. , Iwuji Collins , Floyd Sian , Mills Lisa A. , Pillay Deenan , Havlir Diane , Kamya Moses R. , Ayles Helen , Wirth Kathleen , Dabis François , Hayes Richard , Petersen Maya ,   for the UT³C consortium
Published: July 2023

Universal HIV testing and treatment (UTT) strategies aim to optimize population-level benefits of antiretroviral treatment. Between 2012 and 2018, four large community randomized trials were conducted in eastern and southern Africa. While their results were broadly consistent showing decreased population-level viremia reduces HIV incidence, it remains unclear how much HIV incidence can be reduced by increasing suppression among people living with HIV (PLHIV). We conducted a pooled analysis across the four UTT trials. Leveraging data from 105 communities in five countries, we evaluated the linear relationship between i) population-level viremia (prevalence of non-suppression–defined as plasma HIV RNA >500 or >400 copies/mL–among all adults, irrespective of HIV status) and HIV incidence; and ii) prevalence of non-suppression among PLHIV and HIV incidence, using parametric g-computation. HIV prevalence, measured in 257 929 persons, varied from 2 to 41% across the communities; prevalence of non-suppression among PLHIV, measured in 31 377 persons, from 3 to 70%; population-level viremia, derived from HIV prevalence and non-suppression, from < 1% to 25%; and HIV incidence, measured over 345 844 person-years (PY), from 0.03/100PY to 3.46/100PY. Decreases in population-level viremia were strongly associated with decreased HIV incidence in all trials (between 0.45/100PY and 1.88/100PY decline in HIV incidence per 10 percentage points decline in viremia). Decreases in non-suppression among PLHIV were also associated with decreased HIV incidence in all trials (between 0.06/100PY and 0.17/100PY decline in HIV incidence per 10 percentage points decline in non-suppression). Our results support both the utility of population-level viremia as a predictor of incidence, and thus a tool for targeting prevention interventions, and the ability of UTT approaches to reduce HIV incidence by increasing viral suppression. Implementation of universal HIV testing approaches, coupled with interventions to leverage linkage to treatment, adapted to local contexts, can reduce HIV acquisition at population level.
Results following implementation of a cardiac surgery ERAS protocol
Authors: Obafemi Tomi , Mullis Danielle , Bajaj Simar , Krishna Purnima , Boyd Jack
Published: July 2023

Introduction

Adequate peri-operative care is essential to ensuring a satisfactory outcome in cardiac surgery. In this study, we look at the impact of evidence-based protocols implemented at Stanford Hospital.

Methods

This study is a single-center, retrospective analysis. Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols were implemented for CABG/Valve and open Aortic operations on 11/1/2017 and 6/1/2018, respectively. Propensity-score matched analysis was used to compare 30-day mortality and morbidity of patients from the pre- and post-implementation cohorts. Secondary endpoints included the following: total hospital length of stay (LOS), ICU LOS, time until extubation, and time until urinary catheter removal.

Results

After the implementation of the ERAS protocols for CABG/Valve operations, the median post-op LOS decreased from 7.0 days to 6.1 days (p<0.001), and median ICU LOS decreased from 69.9 hours to 54.0 (p = 0.098). There was no significant decrease in 30-day mortality (4% to 3.3%, p = 0.47). However, the incidence of post-op ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) decreased from 5.0% to 2.1% (p = 0.003) and post-op urinary tract infections (UTIs) from 8.3% to 3.6% (p<0.001). Patients who underwent open aortic procedures experienced an improvement in 30-day mortality (7% to 3.5%, p = 0.012), decrease in median ICU LOS (91.7 hours to 69.6 hours, p<0.001), and a decrease in duration of mechanical ventilation (79.3 hours to 46.3 hours, p = 0.003). There was a decrease in post-op LOS, post-op VAP, and post-op UTI, although statistical significance was not attained.

Conclusion

At Stanford Hospital, ERAS pathways have led to decreased morbidity and LOS while simultaneously improving mortality amongst our critically ill patient population.