bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Medieval Castles of England and Wales
Authors: Lowry Bernard
Published: May 2022

Designed to dominate the surrounding area, to house powerful garrisons, offer sumptuous quarters for local nobility, and to discourage and repel enemy attacks, castles dominated England and Wales for more than half a millennium. Though some were built before 1066, the Norman Conquest left a lasting legacy in the form of fortifications ranging from small earthworks now barely discernible, to mighty and dominating stone fortresses.

This book examines why castles were so essential to medieval warfare, their importance in domestic politics, and the day-to-day lives of those who lived and worked within them. It also shows how the development of new technologies affected their construction and design, and why they eventually fell into disrepair in the late Middle Ages. Beautifully illustrated with stunning photographs, this is the perfect guide for any castle enthusiast seeking to discover more about medieval fortifications and their inhabitants.
Perbandingan Algoritma Flyoid Warshal Dan Djikstra Menentukan Jarak Terdekat Aplikasi Pencarian Pemesanan Rumah Sewa Berbasis Mobile
Authors: Faridhatul Ulva Ananda , Ari Saptari Mochamad , Hariadi M Taufiq
Published: May 2022

Rumah sewa adalah jenis kontrakan yang disewakan (dikontrakkan) untuk jangka waktu tertentu dengan harga yang disepakati oleh pemilik kamar. Kota Lhokseumawe sebagai kabupaten yang memiliki beberapa Perguruan Tinggi Negeri dan adanya perusahaan besar, seperti Perta Arun Gas dan PIM membuat banyak penduduk lain dari kota lain yang mencari tempat tinggal di Kota Lhokseumawe. Susah dan minimnya informasi mengenai sebuah rumah sewa bagi penduduk baru mensulitkan mereka untuk mendapatkan rumah sewa yang nyaman untuk mereka, bahkan ada yang jauh dari tempat kuliah.  Kesulitan pendatang baru dalam mendapatkan sebuah informasi mengenai rumah sewa di Kota Lhokseumawe memberikan gambaran oleh para peniliti untuk meniliti sebuah sistem dalam pencarian rumah sewa di kota Lhokseumawe berbasis mobile. Metode Pengembangan sistem untuk membangun aplikasi ini menggunakan prinsip SLDC yaitu waterfall, dimana metode ini menggunakan konsep arir terjun, melakukan pengembangan secara sequensial yang bersifat dinamis dan terstruktur dalam membangun sebuah perangkat lunak, dengan proses analisis kebutuhan sistem, desain sistem, pengkodean, uji coba dan implementasi. Berdasarkan uji coba yang sudah dilakukan, dengan menggunakan algoritma Floid Warshall dan Djikstra dalam menentukan rute terpendek ke rumah sewa menunjukkan Flyod Warshall sebagai algoritma pencarian paling efesien dalam hasil penentuan jarak terpendek, dengan jumlah vertek lebih kecil dibandingkan dengan Djikstra. Diharapkan ke depan aplikasi ini dapat diperbaharui dengan konsep metode perbandingan jarak terpendek lainnya, sehingga mendapatkan hasil yang lebih efesiensi dalam implementasi kepada sistem.
Optimation Image Classification Pada Ikan Hiu Dengan Metode Convolutional Neural Network Dan Data Augmentasi
Authors: Satria Maheswara Eka , Zuhri Ahmad Bustomi , Iskandar Maulana Dadang
Published: May 2022

Ikan Hiu merupakan ikan bertulang rawan yang banyak diburu karena mempunyai nilai ekonomi yang tinggi. Penangkapan dan perdagangan secara berlebihan mengakibatkan spesies ini terancam kepunahan dan sudah masuk pada beberapa kategori IUCN Red List. informasi tentang jenis-jenis hiu yang didaratkan di PPN Sungai liat Bangka masih sangat terbatas dikarenakan sulitnya identifikasi secara morfologi sehingga perlu dilakukan identifikasi menggunakan metode molekuler. oleh karena itu, peneliti menghasilkan program pengenalan citra pada ikan hiu menggunakan algoritma Convolutional Neural Network, yang merupakan kegiatan konvolusi dengan menggabungkan beberapa lapisan persiapan, dengan memanfaatkan beberapa komponen yang bergerak sama dan dimotivasi oleh sistem sensorik biologis. Gambar ikan hiu yang digunakan adalah basking, blacktip, blue, bull, hammerhead, lemon, mako, nurse, sand tiger, dan thresher. Implementasi pengenalan citra ikan hiu dilakukan dengan memakai 2 model pengujian yaitu model Sequential dan model on top VGG16 yang berjalan di aplikasi Google Collaboratory, dan Keras. Data pengujian pada penelitian ini adalah 1089 citra data latih dan 1073 citra data uji yang menghasilkan nilai evaluasi dengan nilai akurasi 86,58% dan nilai loss 0,701 pada model Sequential dan nilai akurasi 91,80% dan nilai loss 0,0355 pada model on top VGG16.
The Story Behind “The Capture of the Kars Fortress in 1877”. Conversation with E. N. Maksimov
Authors: Maximov Eugene Nikolayevich , Tretyakova Natalia Evgenievna
Published: May 2022

Е. Н. Максимов - Народный художник РФ, вице-президент РАХ, профессор, заведующий кафедрой живописи и композиции МГАХИ им. В. И. Сурикова. Родился в 1948 году в Кашире. В 1967-1973 годах учился в МГАХИ им. В. И. Сурикова (мастерская монументальной живописи К. А. Тутеволь). С 1982 года преподает в МГАХИ им. В. И. Сурикова, руководит мастерской монументальной живописи. Активно работает как художник-монументалист. Среди его основных произведений - росписи главного купола Храма Христа Спасителя (Москва), росписи Свято-Николаевского Патриаршего собора (Нью-Йорк), храма в честь Казанской иконы Божией Матери и Владимирского храма (Оптина пустынь), храма Модеста Иерусалимского (Святая гора Афон), мозаики храма Святого Саввы (Белград), декоративное оформление интерьеров и росписи Храма Христа Спасителя (Калининград).
The Role of Caritas Nakuru in Poverty Alleviation in East Pokot Sub-County in Kenya.
Authors: Thumi Peterson Kabugi; Dr Esther Njoki Chomba Karori James Kariuki;
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of Caritas Nakuru in poverty alleviation in East Pokot Sub-County, Kenya. The study was guided by two theories of development: structural functionalism as discussed by Herbert Spencer and Robert Merton and Modernization theory Human needs theory advocated by Marquis de Condorcet and Emile Durkheim. This study employed both quantitative and qualitative methods of data collection. It was informed by the Ex-post Facto research design, which was considered appropriate because the study has a historical perspective. The study was conducted in Baringo County of Kenya but focused on East Pokot Sub County which comprises of Pokot, Tugen and Ilchamus communities. Data collection techniques and procedures included the use of interviews, focus group discussions and the administration of structured questionnaires. The quantitative techniques consisted of household surveys using questionnaires with both closed and open-ended questions. Focus group discussions (FGDs) was used to obtain qualitative data. The quantitative data was analysed using descriptive statistics by employing Statistical Package for Social Scientists and presented using percentages and information discussed thematically. This study found out that poverty alleviation activities lead to enormous economic costs incurred in the course of its programs which are higher than normal monthly expenditure of affected families. The study recommended that there is need to improve access to food, education, health care services, water and sanitation in East Pokot Sub-County.
The Relationship between School Location and Student Participation in Decision Making in Kenya.
Authors: Everlyn Omondi. Betty Jeruto Tikoko;
Published: May 2022

The study investigated the relationship between school location and student participation in decision making in boarding secondary schools in Nakuru County, Kenya. This study was therefore deemed necessary based on this gap in research. The study targeted the students and teachers in boarding secondary schools in Nakuru County, Kenya. The random sampling method arrived at 220 students and 30 teachers in 15 boarding secondary schools in the county stratified further to 6 rural and 5 urban schools were selected to respond to the student participation in the decision-making questionnaire. A null hypothesis was formulated. The t-test statistic was used to test the difference in mean. The p-value at .0366 led to the rejection of the null hypothesis .05 level of significance. The study found a relationship between school location and student participation in decision making in boarding secondary schools in Kenya. Rural schools are disadvantaged in terms of access to governance than their urban counterparts. Since the means for urban schools (2.22) was higher than that of rural schools (2.18), it was established that students in urban schools and greater access to decision making avenues than students in rural schools.
Path to World Class University: The African Perspective
Authors: Dr Simon Kipchumba.
Published: May 2022

The aim of this study was to explore the reasons behind the dismal performance by top ranking of universities in Africa compared to their global counterparts, with an aim of finding ways to improve the performance by African universities. The study sampled the top 15 universities in the world and compared them against the top 15 African universities. The study identified shared characteristics in top universities that catapult them to the top positions. Thus the study was descriptive and comparative in nature. The sampled universities were analysed on the basis of shared characteristics which included the type of university (comprehensive or programme specific, type and number of programmes offered by the universities, common courses across the universities as well as the correlation between the type and number of courses offered and the university’s webometrics ranking. The study used the webometrics ranking. The study identified shared characteristics in top universities that catapult them to the top positions. The analysis of these characteristics allowed the study to make recommendations on how African universities can enhance their webometrics ranking to compete favorably against their global counterparts.
Congestion, Conflicts and Urban Politics; Understanding the 2017 Post-election Violence in Nairobi Slums.
Authors: Philip K. Ondere.
Published: May 2022

This article examines the violence that marred the 2017 General elections. Within the post-colonial theoretical context, the article explores the more localized narratives that drive violent skirmishes with specific reference to Nairobi’s sub-spaces, such as the Kawangware slum. Further, the article seeks to explain why the sub-space is vulnerable to violent skirmishes (often ethnic) that accompany divisive elections and the implications of these conflicts for the future of urban politics in Nairobi’s post-colonial space. The overall survey approach and delivery process of this article drew heavily on goodwill data and information from various respondents, majorly slum dwellers, who were randomly sampled. The questionnaires were designed to capture qualitative data on aspects of identity politics, people’s political attitudes and perceptions that drive them to engage in violence before, during and even after elections. In analysing the causes of violence during the electioneering period, it was concluded that political maturity is measured by the degree of public participation and, to be precise, their engagement in political processes. On the other hand, Nairobi’s post-colonial space is plagued with a myriad of challenges, key among them poverty, unemployment and crime. This has precipitated identity politics as a blueprint for preferred politicians, thus making the electoral process a protracted one, exacerbating political uncertainty and endless unrests characterized by violence. This study recommends that urban violence be examined in view of the interactional effects between emerging issues and the existing power holders and governmental agents representing them.
The Effect of Hotel Star Rating on Service Tipping Strategy and Performance of Hotels in Kenya.
Authors: Dr Stella Muhanji; Dr Simon Kipchumba Mwamba Nathan Mugambi;
Published: May 2022

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the moderating effect of star rating on the relationship between service tipping and the performance of hotels in Kenya based on a Balanced Score Card Perspective. The study was based on the following theories; Resource-Based Theory and Balanced Scorecard Framework. First, the study adopted a descriptive quantitative survey design. The study, therefore, targeted the 183 star-rated hotels in the four circuits. Second, the study's unit of analysis included the hotel managers (general managers, supervisors and head of departments) and service staff. Third, the researcher adopted Yamane (1967) formula that can be used to calculate a suitable sample size of 117 hotel managers of the Star Rated Hotels operating in Kenya. Fourth, the study used a structured questionnaire to collect the required data from the respondents. The study established that when star rating was introduced as a moderating variable, the relationship between service tipping and hotels performance remained statistically significant, although the value of the regression coefficient reduced slightly (r=1.089-1.088 = 0.001). This slight change in the coefficient is the statistical proof that when star rating was introduced, it slightly reduced the regression coefficient, although the relationship between service tipping and hotels performance remained statistically significant. Finally, the study recommended that the Tourism Regulatory Authority, the policy body of Hotels in Kenya, develop a Service Tipping Policy to guide service operations in the star-rated hotels in Kenya. It also recommends that the department of Kenya Tourism regulatory (TRA) should promote service tipping among the star-rated hotels in Kenya.
Contribution of Mango IPM Strategy for Fruit Fly Control on Household Welfare in Kenya
Authors: Ayuya, O.I.; Macharia, A.M Onyimbo S.W.;
Published: May 2022

Mango production and marketing is hampered by fruit fly infestation that is responsible for high pre and post-harvest losses. To reduce the losses, cost of production and increase the profit at producer level, International Center for Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE) had developed and disseminated Integrated Pest Management strategy for suppression of mango fruit flies in selected counties in Kenya. Despite the rapid uptake of the IPM strategy, the role of socio-economic and institutional variables influencing adoption was not clear. Further, the effect of IPM strategies on the welfare of farmers was still not clear in literature. This study was conducted to fill this gap. The general objective of this study was to contribute towards improved market access and improved livelihood through enhanced adoption of IPM technologies for suppression of mango fruit flies in selected counties in Kenya. Data was collected using a semi-structured questionnaire on a sample of 660 mango farmers from Embu, Meru, Machakos and Makueni Counties. The study employed a multi-stage sampling procedure technique.  STATA software was used for data analysis. Descriptive statistics, multivariate Probit model, Endogenous switching regression method were used for data analysis. This study found that having a good combination of 2-3 IPM strategies gives the best returns to the farmer. A combination of fruit fly traps, bio- pesticides and orchard sanitation resulted to the highest returns. Education level was positively associated with the use of all IPM strategies available to the small scale mango farmer. This study recommends that the government and other development partners should invest in the provision of formal education and extension services. Empowerment of farmers with formal education would help them understand faster the need to shift to new technology and the effect chemicals when used to control pests to the environment, farm and to the farmer. Farmers are also to be sensitized to seek for extension services from both government extension agents and private extension service providers so as to get service regarding on the use of IPM strategies. To enhance farmer education, frequent trainings on new technologies and innovation, seminars, field demonstrations and field days should be organized for mango farmers to participate fully so that the adoption of the IPM strategies is achieved uniformly.
The Influence of E-Ordering on Procurement Performance in Geothermal Development Company in Kenya.
Authors: Richard Wachira Gichuhi.
Published: May 2022

The objective of this study is to establish the influence of e-ordering on procurement performance in a Geothermal Development Company in Kenya. The study adopted the technology acceptance Model theory. A descriptive research design was adopted in this study. The target population included the total number of employees working in procurement and logistics departments in the GDC Nakuru region. There are a total of 170 procurement as well as logistics employees in GDC. A multi-stage sampling method was used where 97 respondents were selected as the study respondents. Questionnaires were used to collect primary data. The instrument was tested for validity and reliability where Cronbach's alpha was used to test the reliability of the instrument. The alpha values for all the variables were above 0.8 well above the recommended threshold of 0.7. Thus the instruments were deemed reliable for data collection in the study. Data collected was analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Findings were presented in form of descriptive statistics and inferential statistics and presented in tables accompanied with relevant discussion. The study established that e-ordering had a positive (r=.634) significant relationship with procurement performance in the geothermal development companies. This study, therefore, concluded that e-ordering was demonstrated to greatly enhance procurement performance in Geothermal Development Company. The study recommends that the company should exploit the use of online platforms in placing their orders for suppliers to enhance their order efficiency and enhance procurement performance.
The Role of Indigenous Knowledge on the Development of Iron Industry among the Tugen of Baringo County in 1895-1963 in Kenya.
Authors: Prof John Changach; Dr Paul Opondo. Sarah J. Kiptala;
Published: May 2022

The role of indigenous knowledge on the development of iron industry among the Tugen of Baringo County; Kenya. The study examined two distinctive epochs from which the understanding of how ironwork in Tugen land was conducted. They learnt the skill through their interaction with their physical environments to cope with the changing climatic conditions by making suitable artefacts for the varied demands in all sectors. The study relied on oral traditions and archival sources as primary sources. Secondary sources were utilised, such as unpublished works like articles, books, and thesis. The study described the distribution, methods and techniques and the procedure used in ironwork. It further assessed the types and uses of iron products. This study established the forces that led to the dismantling of the industry during the early periods of colonial rule, such as taxation, forced labour, settler farming, and western education. Ironwork in the 1930s underwent re-organisations in the form of labour innovativeness, cultural transformation, marketing strategies etc. These were analysed to ascertain the forces behind the persistence and resilience of the industry. The Tugen devised ways of survival to compete favourably with the British colonisers, which led to the Tugen transformation of the iron industry from 1945. This paper raised an argument against this position. The study has recorded the Tugen iron industry for posterity purposes. The study recommends the inclusion of indigenous knowledge to any industrial development and innovation in the country.
Strategies used in teaching English Language Learners: A Case of Adult Literacy Centres in Imenti-North sub-county, Kenya.
Authors: Prof. Felicia Yieke; Dr. Pauline Ndoro Carolyne M. Muriungi;
Published: May 2022

This study investigated the acquisition of English as a second language in adult post-literacy level learners in the adult literacy centres in Imenti-North Sub-County. The study utilised the descriptive research design. The target population comprised of all the adult learners at the post-literacy programme level and the adult English instructors in the centres. The post-literacy programme is a part of continuing education that provides opportunities for adults and out-of-school youths to retain, improve and apply basic educational skills for personal, community and national development. The study found out that further 55 per cent indicated that they used scaffolding techniques. Some scaffolding techniques include giving mini-lessons where new concepts are broken down into bite-sized pieces that build on one another. The study concluded that the most frequently used strategies are demonstrations and group work. More scaffolding should be incorporated into the lessons. In teaching strategies teachers have measurable effects on the students’ quality of English Language Skills. The study recommended that teachers need to carefully select strategies to use in teaching the English Language to help adult learners acquire skills.
Morbidity, Health and Nutrition Status of Infants Born to Young Mothers in Transmara West Narok County, Kenya.
Authors: Brigid Chebet Kotut
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this study was to examine Morbidity, health and nutrition status of infants born to young mothers in Transmara west Narok County, Kenya. Five health facilities were purposively selected in Transmara West Sub County, Narok County by use of analytical cross-sectional study design. A sample size of 246 infants and 246 adolescent mothers were recruited from the health facilities. Quantitative data was analysed using SPPS for windows version 24.0 and ENA for SMART survey 2011. The relationship between nutritional status and other variables was established by use of chi-square test at a significance level of less than 0.05. Most of the mothers were between 16 to 17 years with the youngest mother being 14 years old. Malnutrition levels were 17.1 per cent 22.0% and 22.0 per cent for wasting, stunting and underweight respectively. Meal frequency, exclusive breastfeeding and infant illness two weeks before the study were significant (p<0.05) factors associated with malnutrition. The study concluded that the most prevalent illnesses were malaria and common cold. Educational level of the mother did not influence infants’ the nutritional status. The study recommended that Infant feeding practices showed a positive significant relationship with nutritional status (underweight); that is exclusive breastfeeding and meal frequency. Infants who attained the minimum meal frequency and those who achieved the minimum acceptable diet were less likely to be underweight.
Influence of socio-economic status on the nutrition status of born to young mothers in Transmara west Narok County, Kenya.
Authors: Brigid Chebet Kotut
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine influence of social economic status on the nutrition status of born to young mothers in Transmara west Narok County, Kenya. Five health facilities were purposively selected in Transmara West Sub County, Narok County by use of analytical cross-sectional study design. A sample size of 246 infants and 246 adolescent mothers were recruited from the health facilities. Quantitative data was analysed using SPPS for windows version 24.0 and ENA for SMART survey 2011. The relationship between nutritional status and other variables was established by use of chi-square test at a significance level of less than 0.05. Most of the mothers were between 16 to 17 years with the youngest mother being 14 years old. The study concluded that the young teenage mothers depended on their families as the main sustenance and others did casual jobs to fend for themselves and their infants.The majority of the adolescent mothers could be classified as of low socio-economic backgrounds. The study recommends that children of young mothers are more vulnerable to malnutrition hence should be given more priority by the government and other stakeholders.
Clinicians’ Perspective on Factors Affecting Pain Management among Patients with Terminal Illness Admitted at Longisa County Referral Hospital, Kenya.
Authors: Chebet, Annah Towett; Towett, Philip Cherono, Evaline Ngeno;
Published: May 2022

The study sought to explore clinicians’ perspective on factors affecting pain management on terminally ill patients admitted at Longisa County Referral Hospital in southern part of Rift Valley region in Kenya. Factors that facilitates pain management are: use of WHO guidelines, education of clinicians on pain management and incorporating pain assessment as the fifth vital sign. Conversely, barriers leading to under treatment of pain include: lack of knowledge on pain management, lack of pain assessment tools/guidelines, misconceptions of narcotics among clinicians, lack of essential medicines, understaffing, patients and family beliefs of pain, inconsistent supply of opioids and restrictive regulation of opioids. This was an exploratory qualitative study in which in-depth interviews were conducted with clinicians who were purposively sampled to include those who worked in areas with palliative care patients until thematic saturation was achieved.  Data was analyzed through thematic content analysis and presented in form of narrative. The study revealed that clinician do not treat pain adequately. Additionally, significant knowledge deficiencies exist regarding current principles of pain management practices and presence of beliefs that interfere with optimal care. Significant knowledge deficiencies are evident regarding currently accepted principles of pain management practices, as well as beliefs and lack of essential drugs including opioids which hinders pain management therefore clinicians must be educated continuously especially with ongoing educational sessions with a focus on knowledge of current pain management principles.
Approaches for Inclusion of Children with Neurodevelopmental Disorders in Spiritual Formation Programs.
Authors: Prof. Rosemary Wahu Mbogo (PhD); Niceta Ireri (PhD). Phidel A. Baraza (PhD);
Published: May 2022

This study interrogates the approaches for Inclusion of Children with Neurodevelopmental Disorders in Spiritual Formation Programs in Kenya. Children living with neurodevelopmental disorders are categorised as special children. These children are at most times excluded from faith formation activities and decision-making, an aspect that greatly affects their development and self-esteem. Nonetheless, such children are likely to have their formation journey in faith halted for lack of participation. The study took an explorative qualitative approach and employed the social model of disability by Oliver (1986), Multiple Intelligence Theory by Howard Gardner (1983), Faith Development theory by Fowler (1981), and Ecosystems Theory by Bronfenbrenner (1979) in explaining children’s spiritual formation. The study was carried out among selected branches of a mega church in Nairobi. The Mega Church comprises a population of over 50,000 congregants. The accessible population comprised 93 individuals, and judgmental/purposive sampling was used to narrow the sample to 28 participants. The study's target population was formed by Christian education pastors, Sunday school teachers, senior pastors, children’s pastors, and parents. The process of collecting data was carried out through face-to-face in-depth interviews and focus group discussions and further analysed and presented in themes. The study findings indicate that in the inclusive spiritual formation of children living with neurodevelopmental disorders, various stakeholders ought to be involved in devising approaches for systematic change at all levels. These results contribute to the body of knowledge through publication and will help stakeholders such as religious institutions on strategies for inclusion of children living with neurodevelopmental disorders, especially as far as the curriculum, learning environments, and approaches to teaching for the formation of children with neurodevelopmental disorders are concerned.
Influence of Gambling on the Psychological Wellness of Young People in Njokerio Village of Nakuru County in Kenya.
Authors: Thomas K. Ronoh Teresia Njonge;
Published: May 2022

This study investigated the influence of gambling on the psychological wellness of young people in Njokerio Village of Nakuru County in Kenya. It targeted youthful rural Kenyan population in relation to gambling activities they are engaging in, the reasons for gambling, their attitudes to gambling, and the financial and psychological well-being consequences of gambling. A cross-sectional survey was carried out among 292 youth living in the Njoro sub-county in Kenya’s larger Nakuru County. The data was collected using two questionnaires developed based on the three objectives of the study. The questionnaires included items that measured symptoms of gambling disorder and emotions associated with gambling how the betting influences them psychologically. A Likert scale was used in measuring the symptoms of gambling disorder Gambling was previously seen as a form of entertainment, but slowly people are using gambling to escape from their problems, for instance, to avoid loneliness and bereavement. Suicidal rates have also increased when one cannot come to terms with the losses they suffer after taking chances with something of greater value and ends up losing it. Gambling has also contributed to relationship breakups among friends and families. In addition, there is a strain on financial responsibilities as one is not able to budget well for their needs. There is a need to put measures and techniques to regulate gambling due to its psychological, financial, social and physical effects through licensing and taxation of companies that offer gambling sites. Interventions including counselling may help those already affected to recover.
Compliance to Growth Hormone Therapy in Children and Adolescents with Growth Hormone Deficiency and Turner Syndrome and Impact on Height Velocity: A Prospective Study
Authors: Leong Annie , Wong Jeanne Sze Lyn , M. Selveindran Nalini , Mat Noji Hajar , Fong Sook Yeng , Riduan Aishah Irdina , Abd Razak Aainaa Dalila , Teoh Sze Teik , Amin Arliena , Hong Janet Yeow Hua
Published: May 2022

Adherence to recombinant growth hormone (rGH) in children is necessary to ensure good treatment outcome. Reported non-compliance to rGH in children varied from 5-82% with little data involving Asian population. The objectives of this study are to evaluate the compliance of children and adolescents to rGH, effect of non-compliance on growth and factors affecting non-adherence. Methods: This is a prospective cohort study over 1-year aiming at all patients age less than 18 years old treated with rGH in our centre. Compliance was assessed from the number of returned medications and electronic record within device. Poor compliance was defined as utilised dose <86% prescribed (equivalent to missing injection ≥1 per week). Result: Thirty-four patients were recruited including 20 (59%) patients with GH deficiency and 14 (41%) with Turner syndrome. Poor compliance was noted in 35% of patients. Poor compliance in GHD patients was significantly associated with an older age (mean 12.55 ± 3.33 vs 9.28 ± 3.20 years old, p=0.038) and longer duration of treatment (mean 5.41 ± 3.0 vs 2.93 ± 2.18 years, p=0.046). Frequent reasons for missing doses were forgetfulness and inadequate medications. Participants with poor compliance had significantly reduced height velocity (HV) and HV standard deviation score (SDS) compared to those with good compliance (p<0.05). Conclusion: Poor compliance is more common in adolescents, those on longer duration of treatment and leads to significantly reduced height velocity. Regular monitoring throughout the course of rGH is important. Measures to improve compliance must address the underlying reasons.
КЛЮЧОВІ ТЕОРЕТИКО-МЕТОДОЛОГІЧНІ ЗАСАДИ АУКОВОГО ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ІНСТИТУЦІЙНОГО ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ДЕРЖАВНОЇ МОЛОДІЖНОЇ ПОЛІТИКИ
Authors: Біла Дар’я Олегівна
Published: May 2022

У статті визначено ключові положення теоретико-методологічних засад наукового дослідження інституційного забезпечення державної молодіжної політики. На підставі умовного розмежування теоретичного трактування категорій «інститут» й «інституція» авторкою визначено їх взаємозв’язок як цілого і частки. Виявлено, що у ході еволюційного розвитку суспільства потребують зміни й інститути публічного управління молодіжною політикою, або виникає необхідність створення нових інститутів. Натомість, інститути за своєю побудовою та, власне, й інституції, є доволі інертними і не виявляють гнучкості у відповідь на зміни й нові виклики, а тому відстають від трендів і не відповідають нагальним потребам суспільства. Доведено, що теоретична метаморфоза теорії інституціоналізму щодо перенесення акценту з інституту на особистість, індивіда, стала ключовою у формуванні проактивної ролі молоді у суспільстві в умовах трансформації соціально-економічної системи, постійного реформування окремих систем публічного управління, затвердження геополітичного вектору розвитку України тощо.Наведено авторське визначення категорії «інституційне забезпечення молодіжної політики» як суспільного явища, яке об’єднує статичні й динамічні складові та передбачає одночасну наявність, існування і функціонування певних інститутів молодіжної політики в певних умовах і їх зміну, трансформацію чи створення нових інститутів у відповідь на еволюційні виклики суспільства й геополітичні тренди. Складовими інституційного забезпечення молодіжної політики є інститути, інституції і процес інституціоналізації. Авторка довела, що державна молодіжна політика як об’єкт публічного управління має формуватися і реалізовуватись як комплекс управлінських впливів. Цей комплекс передбачає залучення у процес формування державної молодіжної політики двох узагальнених груп суб’єктів молодіжної політики: суспільства і інститутів публічного управління. При цьому ключовим фактором дієвості публічного управління і забезпечення комплексності управлінських впливів на формування і реалізацію молодіжної політики є система інструментів і механізмів взаємодії цих груп суб’єктів управління молодіжною політикою на різних рівнях і у різних масштабах.
ОБ’ЄКТ І ПРЕДМЕТ КРИМІНАЛЬНОГО ПРАВОПОРУШЕННЯ – НЕЗАКОННОЇ ПРИВАТИЗАЦІЇ ДЕРЖАВНОГО, КОМУНАЛЬНОГО МАЙНА
Authors: Чумакова Тетяна Костянтинівна
Published: May 2022

У цій статті розглянуто актуальні підходи до визначення поняття об’єкта будь-якого кримінального правопорушення. Розглянуто еволюцію поглядів на поняття об’єкта будь-якого кримінального правопорушення. Досліджено погляди та переконання сучасної науки кримінального право щодо визначення поняття об’єкта кримінального правопорушення. Зосереджено увагу на визначенні об’єкта кримінального правопорушення як сукупності суспільних відносин, що підлягають охороні за приписами Кримінального кодексу України. Визначено елементи структури суспільних відносин що складають поняття об’єкту кримінального правопорушення. Та дано визначення кожному з елементів цієї структури, що в цілому складають поняття об’єкта будь-якого кримінального правопорушення. Крім того, надано класифікацію об’єктів кримінального правопорушення на загальний, родовий та безпосередній. Узагальнення поглядів та виокремлення сучасного розуміння поняття об’єкта кримінального правопорушення дало ґрунтовну базу для продовження дослідження. У наступному за вказаною моделлю визначення поняття об’єкта кримінального правопорушення дано визначення та класифікацію об’єкта кримінального правопорушення – незаконної приватизації державного та комунального майна. А саме виокремлено та надано визначення загальному, родовому та безпосередньому об’єкта кримінального правопорушення – незаконної приватизації державного та комунального майна. Проведено дослідження та визначення понять, що межують з наукою кримінального права, а саме такі категорії, як «сфера господарської діяльності», що регулюються нормами господарського права. Та досягнуто головної мети цієї статті, а саме виділено та дано визначення предмета кримінального правопорушення – незаконної приватизації державного, комунального майна. На цій основі, з використанням положень чинного законодавства у сфері приватизації державного, комунального майна, дано класифікацію предмета кримінального правопорушення – незаконної приватизації державного, комунального майна. Підсумком дослідження стала пропозиція розгляду категорії земельної ділянки як предмета кримінального правопорушення – незаконної приватизації державного, комунального майна.
Effectively using multifidelity optimization for wind turbine design
Authors: Jasa John , Bortolotti Pietro , Zalkind Daniel , Barter Garrett
Published: May 2022

Abstract. Wind turbines are complex multidisciplinary systems that are challenging to design because of the tightly coupled interactions between different subsystems. Computational modeling attempts to resolve these couplings so we can efficiently explore new wind turbine systems early in the design process. Low-fidelity models are computationally efficient but make assumptions and simplifications that limit the accuracy of design studies, whereas high-fidelity models capture more of the actual physics but with increased computational cost. This paper details the use of multifidelity methods for optimizing wind turbine designs by using information from both low- and high-fidelity models to find an optimal solution at reduced cost. Specifically, a trust-region approach is used with a novel corrective function built from a nonlinear surrogate model. We find that for a diverse set of design problems – with examples given in rotor blade geometry design, wind turbine controller design, and wind power plant layout optimization – the multifidelity method finds the optimal design using 38 %–58 % of the computational cost of the high-fidelity-only optimization. The success of the multifidelity method in disparate applications suggests that it could be more broadly applied to other wind energy or otherwise generic applications.
Essential Factors of a 15 to Finish Campaign: Increasing On-Time Completion Rates for Community College Students
Authors: Howard Martine , Harrington Christine
Published: May 2022

The “on-time” degree completion crisis within the community college system is alarming. Only 5% of students graduate in two years (Complete College America [CCA], n.d.-a). Many community college students are low-income and racially and ethnically minoritized, and their graduation rates are low (CCA, n.d.-a). Community colleges around the country have begun to implement intervention strategies to improve on-time graduation and close attainment gaps. One of the most successful interventions implemented across the country has been a 15 to Finish campaign, a campus-wide effort aimed to increase the number of college students taking 15 credits per semester (CCA, 2016a). A comprehensive review of the literature and conversations with college professionals were conducted to better understand the factors that contribute to a successful 15 to Finish campaign. The findings indicated that a successful 15 to Finish campaign includes: (a) maintaining a high level of institutional commitment and effective leadership, (b) making the case with data, (c) reaching all key stakeholders, including students and their support systems, (d) providing professional development to internal stakeholders, (e) avoiding a one- size fits all model and accounting for the unique institutional culture, (f) sending clear messages, (g) providing incentives, and (h) engaging in continuous improvement efforts. Based on these findings, recommendations are provided for those who wish to increase on-time completion rates for community college students.
Intersections of Identity, Culture, and Curriculum on the Threshold of a Latinx Transforming EdD program at a Hispanic Serving Institution
Authors: Hesse Caroline A. , Jewett Laura M.
Published: May 2022

A constellation of emergent research is devoted to critiquing the institutional identities of Hispanic Serving institutions (HSIs) as primarily Hispanic-enrolling institutions and then exploring frameworks and practices aimed at transforming them into what García (2019) terms Latinx-serving institutions. The purpose of this essay is to explore the intersections of culturally relevant, responsive, and sustaining approaches and as potentially decolonizing curricular spaces of EdD program (re)design at HSIs. This essay draws from two qualitative studies exploring critical approaches to curriculum and pedagogy and program redesign in order to re-align questions about serving Latinx students toward practices of critical consciousness situated at the intersection of identity, culture, and curriculum. Findings include the ways in which those notions are different and similar, and the unique lens each offers the teachers and EdD program redesign. Implications discussed in this essay highlight the possibilities and problems of culturally relevant, responsive, and sustaining approaches for EdD program redesign and how they might look when applied in HSI EdD programs. Such findings are not only useful in lending insight into the specific complexities of HSI efforts to develop EdD programs that better serve Latinx students in transformative ways. These findings also indicate that the process through which this is undertaken benefits from critical consciousness aimed at individual and collective conscientization among students and faculty as well as curricular outcomes shaped by discourses of social justice.
EdD Student Research and Discoveries
Authors: Jackson Sherisse G. , Sun Yuechen
Published: May 2022

This article introduces one design concept of the Carnegie Project on the Education Doctorate’s (2022) framework and highlights the importance of EdD student research and discoveries, which is the theme of this issue. Then, it provides an overview of each article appearing in this issue.
Abject Object Relations and Epistemic Engagement in Clinical Practice
Authors: Scott-Fordsmand Helene
Published: May 2022

This article engages with medical practice to develop a philosophically informed understanding of epistemic engagement in medicine, and epistemic object relations more broadly. I take my point of departure in the clinical encounter and draw on French psychoanalytical theory to develop and expand a taxonomy already proposed by Karin Knorr-Cetina. In so doing, I argue for the addition of an abject-type object relation; that is, the encounter with objects that transgress frameworks and disrupt further investigation, hence preventing dynamic engagement and negatively shaping our epistemic pathways. This article is primarily theoretical, although partly grounded in qualitative fieldwork.
"Doctor Knows Best"
Authors: Popowicz Dylan Mirek
Published: May 2022

We often consider medical practitioners to be epistemic authorities: “Doctor knows best,” as the saying goes. The place of expert judgment in evidence-based medicine hierarchies, and the crucial role of patient preferences and values in medical decision-making, however, pose problems for making sense of such authority. I argue that there is an account of such medical epistemic authority that does justice to the complexities of the doctor–patient relationship, while maintaining that medical practitioners hold an epistemically privileged position. Such a view can better inform medical practice by clearly illuminating the distinct roles of patients and doctors in decision-making processes.
Why Race and Ethnicity Are Not Like Other Risk Factors
Authors: Valles Sean A.
Published: May 2022

Since early in the Covid-19 pandemic, there have been wide disparities observed between different US racial groups’ rates of Covid-19 infections and deaths. This challenges physicians and patients to untangle what these race-associated risks mean for an individual patient. I argue that this task of providing individualized risk advice requires physicians to apply two skills: structural competency (an understanding of how societal features affect health, since race-associated risks are the result of social conditions, not innate biological differences) and epistemic humility (being mindful of the limitations of individual knowledge and a habit of working collaboratively to get the knowledge that is needed).
Judge/Hate
Authors: Vick Tony
Published: May 2022

A poem
Contributors' Notes
Authors: Kennedy Christopher
Published: May 2022

Contributors' Notes for Radical Teacher 122
Skin
Authors: Schneberg Willa
Published: May 2022

Poetry
Examining Labour Rights Enforcement Mechanisms in NAFTA and the USMCA and its Impact on Labour Conditions in Mexico
Authors: Bates Brittany
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this paper is to examine changes made to labour rights enforcement mechanisms under the United States-Mexico Canada Agreement, from its predecessor agreement, the North America Free Trade Agreement, and the impact it may have on labour conditions in Mexico. Some scholars argue that the labour rights enforcement mechanisms in the North America Free Trade were fundamentally flawed, and allowed the Mexican government to passively enforce its domestic labour laws to the detriment of its workforce. This paper will argue that while the United States-Mexico Canada Agreement has made positive advancements to remedy labour issues under the North American Free Trade Agreement, limitations still exist, which may promote inequities amongst Mexican workers.
Jury Strikes Back
Authors: Orct Brandon
Published: May 2022

Ontario’s civil jury system has been the topic of many discussions about reform. However, none of these explorations contemplated the drastic effects of ever-evolving public health emergency. The COVID-19 pandemic has heightened Ontario’s access to civil justice crisis through extensive pandemic delays, while simultaneously challenging the role of civil jury in administering justice. Ontario consequently provides a ripe case study to explore how the pandemic has affected civil jury trials and to explore ways of enhancing their viability in a post-pandemic Ontario.

 

This this article is concerned with advancing measures that can not only enhance the viability of civil jury trials going forward, but advance access to civil justice more generally. The purpose of this article is twofold. First, to examine how the pandemic has fundamentally challenged the viability of civil jury trials while exacerbating existing impediments to accessing civil justice. And second, to outline a multifaceted approach to reforming the jury trial to ensure it remains a viable vehicle for civil justice consistent with enhancing access to justice through the pandemic. The hope is that this article will inspire much needed exploration into Ontario’s civil justice system to address the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic and future emergencies.