bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Customer Satisfaction in Hospitality Marketing From a Technological Perspective
Authors: Das Iva Rani , Islam ABM Shahidul , Talukder Mohammad Badruddoza
Published: August 2024

In the rapidly evolving landscape of the hospitality industry, technology plays a critical role in enhancing customer satisfaction. This chapter explores key technological advancements, such as artificial intelligence (AI), data analytics, mobile applications, social media, and customer relationship management (CRM) systems, and their impact on enhancing customer experiences. AI-powered chatbots provide instant support, while data analytics offers insights into customer behavior for personalized marketing. Mobile applications streamline booking and communication, while social media fosters direct engagement and community building. CRM systems enhance customer relationships through targeted communication. Case studies from leading hospitality companies demonstrate the successful use of technology in marketing. Emerging trends like virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and blockchain indicate the future direction of the industry. The chapter concludes with recommendations for leveraging technology to boost customer satisfaction in hospitality marketing.
Mind the Gap, Please!
Authors: Alharbi Wael
Published: August 2024

This mixed-methods study investigates the mismatch between student use of AI for academic tasks and teacher awareness in Saudi Arabian higher education. Surveys of 78 teachers and 243 students in English for Specific Purposes courses at public and private universities included Likert-scale items and an open-ended question on AI tools' benefits, challenges, and impact on learning and academic integrity. The study reveals a significant gap between teachers' perceptions of students' AI skills and the reality of AI integration, leading to discrepancies in judging student knowledge and assessment authenticity. To address these challenges, the manuscript proposes strategies, including targeted professional development for teachers, swift adoption of best practices for ethical use of generative AI in classrooms, and fostering open dialogue within institutions. This research provides insights to inform teaching practices, curriculum development, and policy-making in higher education's evolving landscape. Future research could benefit from more comprehensive sampling to enhance generalizability
Construction of Urban Spatial Intelligent Planning and Design System Under the Background of Big Data
Authors: Li Jia , Bian Kun
Published: August 2024

Based on the induction of potentially utilisable micro-spaces in typical old residential communities, this study selects the communities located at 19 and 22 Yuhe Street, Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province, as typical research objects. By employing space syntax analysis, the spatial properties of these micro-spaces are examined and matched with the activity needs of various age groups within the community. By leveraging the characteristics of activity periods for all age groups, the study also proposes a composite design for less disruptive activity spaces. Consequently, optimisation suggestions for the renovation of public spaces in these two communities are presented, aiming to specifically meet the activity needs of residents of all ages within the limited space of the community. This research provides an analytical framework and methodological approach for the renovation strategies of old residential communities.
A Study of Neurological Involvement in Dengue and Chikungunya Infection
Authors: Gulati Shipra , Duggu Samrasimha Reddy , Chawla Kunal , Dessai Rishikesh , Jain Sunil
Published: August 2024

Introduction:

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) and dengue fever have been reported for recent epidemics worldwide, with varied clinical involvement. Chikungunya was first reported to affect the nervous system in the 1960s. The clinical profile of dengue with multi-organ involvement is varied with reported involvement of the central nervous system in some.

Aim:

The aim of this study was to study the frequency and pattern of neurological involvement in patients admitted with dengue and chikungunya in a tertiary care hospital.

Materials and Methods:

Patients admitted with confirmed chikungunya and dengue were evaluated clinically and investigations were enrolled in the study. Patients with preexisting neurological issues, obvious metabolic, vascular, or septic causes for neurological involvement were excluded from the study.

Results:

A total of 309 patients with chikungunya were included in the study. Out of these, 11 (3.56%) patients were found to have neurological involvement. The most common presentations were altered sensorium (100%) followed by headache (81.81%). The relative risk of mortality in patients with neurological involvement due to chikungunya was 7.96. A total of 443 patients with dengue fever were enrolled in the study. Out of these, 5 (1.10%) patients were found to have neurological involvement. The most common presentations were altered sensorium and headache (100%), followed by vomiting (80%). The relative risk of mortality in patients with neurological involvement due to dengue was 5.15.

Conclusion:

The recent epidemic of chikungunya and dengue virus infections was associated with various neurological complications. Neurological involvement of chikungunya and dengue was identified to be a bad prognostic factor with significantly higher mortality.

Limitations:

This is a single center study, involving only the patients admitted to the hospital. Furthermore, being an observational study, follow-up could not be done to look for neurological sequelae.
Dysphagia Revealing a Pharyngeal–cervical–brachial Variant of Guillain–Barré Syndrome in Pediatric Cases
Authors: Danaoui Kaoutar , Rada Noureddine , Mrhar Soumia , Fetoui Imane , Fakiri Karima E. L. , Draiss Ghizlane , Bouskraoui Mohammed
Published: August 2024

We report the case of a 13-year-old child presenting an unusual case of Guillian–Barre Syndrome (SGB). Its presentation is usually a progression of symmetrical muscle weakness that ascends from the lower extremities, moves toward a more proximal pathway, and is accompanied by absent or depressed tendon reflexes. Here, the patient presented with a rare presentation of Pharyngeal–Cervical–Brachial (PCB) variant of Guillain–Barré syndrome, where the symptomatology began with dysphagia and dyspnea, and the weakness was descending paralysis. The objective of this clinical case report is to highlight this extremely rare presentation of PCB variant of Guillain–Barré syndrome.
A 3-year-old Tanzanian Female with Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase A- and a Novel Heterozygous PIEZO1 Mutation (2744A>G, N915S) Presenting with Severe Hemolytic Anemia
Authors: Fustino Nicholas John , Beck Raven
Published: August 2024

A 3-year-old Tanzanian female presented with severe hemolytic anemia of unknown etiology, necessitating multiple red blood cell transfusions. The patient was found to have glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency A- and a heterozygous Piezo-type mechanosensitive ion channel component 1 (PIEZO1) mutation (2744A>G, N915S). This case identifies a novel PIEZO1 mutation implicated in erythrocyte channelopathies occurring in conjunction with an X-linked enzymopathy in a female patient. This underscores the importance of keeping X-linked disorders in the differential diagnosis of hemolytic anemia in females, as well as presents the possibility for novel coexisting mutations to augment the phenotype.
Presentation and Clinical Features of Stargardt Disease in a Series of Nigerian Patients
Authors: Oderinlo Olufemi , Akanbi Toyin
Published: August 2024

Stargardt disease (SD) is a common inherited macular dystrophy. It exhibits a high degree of phenotypic and genotypic heterogeneity. Yellow-white flecks are often found in the posterior pole in the early stages of the disease with a reduction in central vision from foveal atrophy as it progresses. A characteristic dark choroid appearance is seen on fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) in many cases, with occasional reports of choroidal neovascular membranes. We report a series of four Nigerian patients, with varied presentations diagnosed with SD in our facility. One patient had good vision, while the other three had variable degrees of reduced vision. All patients had macular atrophy and flecks, while three patients had a dark choroid appearance on FFA and one patient developed a choroidal neovascular membrane in one eye.
Effectiveness of the Practice of Standardized Handover Process Using a Checklist in the Postanesthesia Care Unit: An Observational Study
Authors: Dubey Samriddhi , Santha Neeta
Published: August 2024

Context:

Patient handovers without any structured checklist may omit essential information that might have undesirable consequences for patients.

Aim:

We sought to determine the effectiveness of a structured postanesthesia care handover (PACH) checklist in the postanesthesia care unit (PACU) to reduce adverse clinical outcomes.

Setting and Design:

A single-center, prospective, pre–postimplementation study was conducted.

Materials and Methods:

Moreover, post-PACH checklist implementation data were collected from 130 participants (n = 65 in each group) by an independent observer. Data analysis was performed using the SPSS (25.0) version (IBM SPSS statistics). The Chi-square test was used to compare the dichotomous response.

Results:

A statistically significant reduction in hypoxemia (21.5% vs. 0; P < 0.001) was observed in the postimplementation group. There were significant improvements in patient information (P < 0.01), reduction in variations in hemodynamic parameters (P < 0.01), and improvement in the quality of information transferred concerning surgical procedures (P < 0.01). The number of phone calls to consultants was significantly lower in the PACH group.

Conclusion:

Implementation of the PACH checklist was associated with no hypoxemic events in PACU by improving the quality of communication. The implementation of a structured checklist in PACU should be mandatory in the postoperative intensive care unit.
Diagnostic Utility of High-resolution Esophageal Manometry and Its Correlation with Symptoms
Authors: Musunuri Balaji , Pemmada Vikas , Bhat Ganesh , Shetty Athish , Shetty Shiran , Pai Ganesh C.
Published: August 2024

Background:

Primary esophageal motility disorders present with a spectrum of symptoms where manometry plays an important role. We designed this study to evaluate the utility of esophageal manometry among various symptoms.

Materials and Methods:

This is a single-center observational study conducted over 5 years in a tertiary referral center. A total of 564 patients who underwent high-resolution esophageal manometry (HREM) using a 16-channel water perfusion system were included in the study. Their clinical profile and manometric findings, as per the Chicago classification version 4.0, were recorded, and the diagnostic utility of HREM with respect to symptoms was studied.

Results:

Motility disorders were identified in 48.8% of patients, the most common being Achalasia cardia (32.4%). Dysphagia (55.5%) was the most common indication of manometry, followed by gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) (34.9%), chest pain (6.2%), and symptoms such as belching, globus, and hiccoughs (3.4%). Among those who were re-classified from Chicago classification v3.0 to v4.0, 21.2% had a newer diagnosis. Among the patients with dysphagia, HREM revealed the highest yield of detecting an abnormal esophageal motility test (70.6%); meanwhile, this yield was much lower in those with GERD (21.8%), chest pain (22.8%), and other symptoms (15.7%). The most common finding among those with dysphagia was Achalasia cardia (55.9%), while the study was normal among those with GERD (78.1%), chest pain (77.1%), and other symptoms (84.2%). The sensitivity and specificity of dysphagia for major motility disorders were 65% and 91%, respectively, with a positive predictive value of 90%.

Conclusion:

HREM has high accuracy and a good diagnostic yield among patients with dysphagia, with the most common finding being Achalasia cardia.
In endometrial carcinoma, Ghrelin expression has a diagnostic role, and signal transductors and activators of transcription 5 can be a therapeutic target
Authors: Khalil El Zahraa I. , Shaheen Kareem , Mohammed Enas M. , Mohamed Fatma E.Z.A.
Published: August 2024

Background and objective

Endometrial carcinoma was ranked the sixth most common female cancer worldwide. Previous studies reported that Ghrelin–signal transductors and activators of transcription 5 (STAT5) axis could modulate many tumors’ behavior. Therefore, we investigated the expressions of Ghrelin and STAT5 in endometrioid carcinoma (EC). Moreover, we tried to find a diagnostic marker to differentiate atypical hyperplasia (AH) from well-differentiated EC.

Patients and methods

One hundred-eight formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded specimens were cut, and each specimen was stained with STAT5 and Ghrelin separately using immunohistochemistry.

Results

STAT5 expression was detected in 78.6% of EC. This expression was significantly increased with increasing EC grade (P=0.04) and myometrial invasion depth (P=0.01). In contrast, there was a decrease in Ghrelin expression with lesion progression from cyclic endometrium, and endometrial hyperplasia to EC, which was statistically significant (P=0.002). Moreover, a negative association was noticed between Ghrelin expression and histological grades, depth of myometrial invasion, presence of lymph node metastasis, and tumor stage (P=0.01, 0.05, 0.003, and 0.002, respectively).

Conclusion

STAT5 is associated with differentiation and invasion in EC and can be targeted for therapeutic management. Additionally, Ghrelin can be a sensitive marker to distinguish AH and well-differentiated EC.
Adjunctive aspiration technique for the surgical management of deep orbital cavernous hemangioma
Authors: Cheng Li-Wei , Wei Yi-Hsuan , Liao Shu-Lang
Published: August 2024

To propose a needle aspiration technique for the surgical removal of orbital cavernous hemangioma. In this retrospective case series, we enrolled 13 patients with orbital cavernous hemangioma, who underwent excisional surgery assisted with needle aspiration technique from June 2013 to April 2022. Preoperative symptoms, clinical examination, and imaging features were recorded. Surgical outcomes, including the improvement of visual acuity, proptosis, and ocular motility, were assessed. Postoperative complications were also reported. There were 11 female and two male patients, with a mean age of 50.2 ± 8.0 years (range: 38–61 years). The most common symptom was proptosis (12 cases, 92%), followed by blurred vision (6 cases, 46%). The diameter of the lesions was between 1.8 and 3.2 cm on preoperative imaging. The surgical approaches included sub-brow orbitotomy in 11 patients and the inferior transconjunctival approach in two cases. All the tumors were removed successfully after needle aspiration of 1–3 cc of intralesional blood to reduce the tumor size. Preoperative proptosis, blurred vision, and diplopia improved after the surgery in all cases. There were no serious complications or recurrence of orbital hemangioma. The study presented an effective application of the needle aspiration technique in the surgical management of orbital cavernous hemangioma. Such an innovative method can bring significant benefits, especially for those with large cavernous hemangioma within the deep orbital region.
Systemic effects of anti-VEGF intravitreal injection in patients with age-related macular degeneration: A multi-institutional real-world study
Authors: Lin Tzu-Yi , Hsieh Yi-Ting , Garg Sunir J , Chen Lee-Jen , Chen Kuan-Jen , Wu Wei-Chi , Lai Chi-Chun , Hwang Yih-Shiou , Kang Eugene Yu-Chuan
Published: August 2024

Purpose:

In individuals aged >50 years, age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of irreversible blindness. Intravitreal injections of antivascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) agents (bevacizumab, ranibizumab, and aflibercept) show good efficacy and similar incidences of systemic adverse events (SAEs). However, comparative studies between agents are limited. Our study aimed to compare the real-world SAE risks of bevacizumab, ranibizumab, and aflibercept users.

Methods:

This retrospective cohort study identified new bevacizumab, ranibizumab, and aflibercept users in a multi-institutional database in Taiwan between 2014 and 2019. Inverse probability of treatment weights (IPTW) with propensity scores was conducted to achieve homogeneity among groups. The Fine and Gray model was utilized to estimate the subdistribution hazard ratio and 95% confidence interval.

Results:

This study included 701 bevacizumab, 463 ranibizumab, and 984 aflibercept users. After IPTW, all covariates were well-balanced. All three anti-VEGF agents had a low and comparable number per 100 person-years of major adverse cardiac events, heart failure, thromboembolic events, major bleeding, all-cause admission, and all-cause death (all P > 0.05). No significant differences in long-term change of systolic and diastolic blood pressure, low-density lipoprotein, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and alanine transaminase (all P for interaction > 0.05) were observed among groups.

Conclusion:

Bevacizumab, ranibizumab, and aflibercept had a good systemic safety profile in this study. All groups showed a low and similar SAE risk and no differences in their long-term change of laboratory data. Therefore, these anti-VEGF agents could be prescribed safely to patients with AMD.
Combined retinal massage and autologous blood covering for persistent macular holes after vitrectomy in high myopia
Authors: Yao Xiaonan , Chen Dong , Lin Ping , Cui Wei , Chen Nan
Published: August 2024

Purpose:

To evaluate the efficacy of retinal massage combined with autologous blood covering in the treatment of persistent macular holes following vitrectomy in eyes with high myopia.

Settings and Design:

Retrospective, consecutive case series in a tertiary eye center.

Methods:

A total of 12 highly myopic eyes with persistent macular holes after vitrectomy and internal limiting membrane peeling received combined retinal massage, air/fluid exchange, autologous blood covering, and gas/silicone oil tamponade. Best-corrected visual acuity, axial length, and optical coherence tomographic images before and after the treatment were compared.

Results:

The mean hole diameter before this intervention was 931.58 ± 244.58 Symbolm (range, 508–1270), and the axial length was 30.39 ± 2.13 mm (range, 27.08–34.64). During the 6-month follow-up period, hole closure was achieved in eight eyes (66.67%). The mean best-corrected visual acuity improved significantly from 1.40 ± 0.50 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) at baseline to 1.10 ± 0.30 logMAR (P < 0.05). No complications were observed.

Conclusions:

Combined retinal massage and autologous blood covering, which is easy to manipulate, can promote the closure of persistent macular holes after vitrectomy and improve vision in high myopia with an axial length less than 29 mm.
Comparison of C-MAC® conventional blade, D-Blade™, and Macintosh laryngoscopes for endotracheal intubation in patients with simulated immobilization using manual in-line stabilization: A randomized trial
Authors: Dabas M , Gupta M , Mohanan S , Kaushik P , Lall R
Published: August 2024

Background:

A difficult airway is anticipated with cervical spine injuries (CSIs) as immobilization techniques such as manual in-line stabilization (MILS) are used, which distort the oro-pharyngeal-laryngeal axis. Video laryngoscopes (VLs) make difficult airway management easy, as they do not require axis alignment. The present study aimed to compare the total time taken by Macintosh laryngoscope (ML), conventional blade, and D-blade™ of C-MAC® VL in simulated CSI scenarios using MILS.

Methods:

Ninety patients were randomly allocated into three groups: Group M (ML), Group C (conventional blade of C-MAC®), and Group D (D-blade™ of C-MAC®) with MILS applied before intubation. Primary outcome was the total time taken for successful intubation, while secondary outcomes were to assess Cormack–Lehane (CL) grade, number of attempts, hemodynamic response, and associated complications.

Results:

Total time for intubation in Group C was 23.40 ± 7.06 sec compared to 35.27 ± 6.53 and 47.27 ± 2.53 sec in groups D and M, respectively (P < 0.001). CL-grade I was observed in 15/30 (50%) in Group M, 25/30 (83.3%) in Group C, and 29/30 (96.7%) in Group D. Group M reported 7/30 (23.3%) failed intubations, while none were observed in other groups. Hemodynamic parameters were significantly higher at 3 and 5 min in Group M. Postoperative sore throat was recorded in 12/30 (40%) in Group M compared to 3/30 (10%) in groups C and D each (P value 0.037).

Conclusion:

C-MAC® VL requires less time for intubation, provides better glottic view, and has higher success, with better attenuation of hemodynamic response and fewer complications compared to ML.
Association Between Physical Activity and Risk of Developing Type 2 Diabetes Among Older Adults in Nigeria: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Ishaku Cornelius M. , Umar Saidu , Awotidebe Adedapo W. , Fidelis Francis , Umeonwuka Chuka I. , Maduagwu Stanley M. , Jasper Unyime S. , Oyeyemi Adewale L.
Published: August 2024

Context:

Type 2 diabetes is a growing public health problem worldwide, causing a high number of premature mortalities, especially among older adults.

Aim:

To understand the association between moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and the risk of developing type 2 diabetes among older adults.

Materials and Methods:

A multistage probability sampling technique was used to recruit 400 older adults (age =68.8 ± 6.5 years; male =68.8%) from their households in Maiduguri. Weekly minutes of MVPA were evaluated using the Hausa International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short form, and the risk of developing type 2 diabetes was measured using the validated Finnish Diabetes Risk Score Questionnaire. Adjusted linear regression analysis explores associations between MVPA and the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.

Results:

It was found that 18.4% of the participants were obese, and 14.5% had a high and very high risk of developing type 2 diabetes. After adjusting for confounding variables (age, gender, BMI, and level of education), MVPA was associated with the risk of developing type 2 diabetes (β = −1.75, P = 0.01). There was significant interaction with gender, with protective effect found only in male older adults (β = −2.59, P = 0.01) and not among female Older adults (β =0.54, P = 0.61).

Conclusions:

Our data suggest that higher levels of MVPA are associated with a lower risk of developing future type 2 diabetes in a population of older adults in Nigeria, especially among men. A future longitudinal study, with a diverse large sample size and more objective measures, is needed to further determine the generalization of the findings observed.
Influence of Family Function on Self-care Practice among Type 2 Diabetes Patients in a Primary Care Clinic in Northern Nigeria
Authors: Magaji Hussaini Yusuf , Olawumi Abdulgafar Lekan , Ogunyele Tiri Titilope , Umar Aishatu Idris , Michael Godpower Chinedu , Grema Bukar Alhaji
Published: August 2024

Context:

Family function and self-care practices are important components of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) care to achieve good glycemic control, promote health, and prevent the early onset of complications.

Aim:

To determine the influence of perceived family functionality on the self-care practice of T2DM patients.

Setting and Design:

A cross-sectional study involving 241 patients aged ≥18 years who presented at the family medicine clinic.

Methods and Materials:

The family function was assessed using the family APGAR tool, while self-care practice was assessed using the Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Assessment tool.

Statistical Analysis:

The Chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were used to determine the relationship between variables, self-care practice, and the determinants of self-care practice, respectively.

Results:

The mean age of the respondents was 56.6 ± 11.1 years; 161 (66.8%) were females. The proportion of those with highly functional families was 56%, while the prevalence of good self-care practices was 17.8%. Irregular clinic attendance (OR = 0.434, 95%CI = 0.23-0.82, P ≤ 0.001), BMI [underweight (OR = 9.325, CI = 1.635 – 53.182, P = 0.01), normal (OR = 2.729, CI = 1.203 – 6.188, P = 0.02)], good glycemic control (OR = 2.9, 95%CI = 1.48-5.80, P = 0.002), and moderately dysfunctional family (OR = 0.418, 95%CI = 0.19-0.93, P = 0.03) were the determinants of self-care practice among T2DM.

Conclusion:

The prevalence of highly functional families was high but with a very low level of self-care practice. Clinic attendance, BMI, good glycemic control, and family function were the determinants of self-care practice.
Menstruating Skin: Utero-Cutaneous Fistula Coexisting with Scar Endometriosis: A Case Report
Authors: Israel Bobo Temidayo , Henry Ano-Edward Gbemi , Yinka Bakare Tola , Ayotunde Ogunlaja Olumuyiwa
Published: August 2024

Scar endometriosis and utero-cutaneous fistula (UCF) complicating cesarean section is a rare occurrence, and only a few cases have been reported in the literature. The patient developed cyclical bleeding from the previous operation site associated with abdominal pain. The bleeding occurred whenever she was having her menstrual period. At presentation, an initial diagnosis of scar endometriosis was made. She had surgical excision of the fibrotic subcutaneous tissue and rectus sheath with the repair of the fistulous uterus. The result of the histopathological examination was scar endometriosis and UCF. She did well post-surgery and was discharged home, and the follow-up clinic visits were not eventful. Cesarean section wound infection is a risk factor for UCF formation and scar endometriosis. Meticulous excision of the endometriotic skin, the fistulous tract, and repair of the fistulous uterus is an effective management modality.
From weight loss to vein thrombosis: Unveiling portomesenteric vein thrombosis after bariatric surgery
Authors: Alsareii Saeed Ali , Shaikh Ibrahim Ahmed , Alamri Abdulrahman Manaa , AlAsmari Mansour Yousef , AlWadai Hajar Hassan , Janvekar Shaheen , Khan Aejaz A. , Muddapur Uday M. , Iqubal S. M. Shakeel , Asghar Basim H.
Published: August 2024

Portomesenteric vein thrombosis (PMVT) is an uncommon yet serious complication that can arise from bariatric surgery, posing a risk to the patient’s life. According to research findings, the occurrence of PMVT following bariatric procedures is estimated to range from 0.3% to 1%. It is worth noting that most cases tend to occur within the initial month following the surgery. Risk factors for PMVT include hereditary thrombophilia, advanced age, obesity, and a history of venous thromboembolism. Confirming a diagnosis of PMVT can be quite challenging as its symptoms are not very specific. In order to confirm the diagnosis, additional imaging studies like CT or MRI are often necessary. Management of PMVT typically involves anticoagulation therapy, although the optimal duration and intensity of treatment remain uncertain. Despite advances in the understanding and management of PMVT, further studies are needed to better define its incidence, risk factors, and optimal management strategies in the bariatric population. This review aims to address knowledge gaps, identify research opportunities, and offer valuable insights into preventing and treating PMVT in bariatric patients.
Complete blood count parameters as indicators for obesity-related inflammation: A cross-sectional study of Syrian females
Authors: Alam Eddin Hanadi , Alsultan Mohammad , Kaddar Abir
Published: August 2024

Background:

This study aimed to evaluate the complete blood count (CBC) parameters, such as inflammatory markers, in a group of overweight and obese Syrian females.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 268 Syrian females from March 2020 to February 2021 were included in this study. Participants were divided into five groups based on Body Mass Index (BMI): normal weight, overweight, obesity class I, obesity class II, and obesity class III. White blood cells (WBCs), neutrophil counts (NCs), lymphocyte counts (LCs), monocyte counts (MCs), platelet counts (PLTs) counts, neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR), derived neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (dNLR), monocyte–lymphocyte ratio (MLR), and platelet–lymphocyte ratio (PLR) were analyzed based on BMI groups.

Results:

The results revealed that WBCs, NCs, LCs, MCs, PLTs, and MLR were significantly different between BMI groups (P < 0.001), and showed a moderate correlation with BMI (R = 0.519, 0.412, 0.431, 0.540, 0.339, and 0.262, respectively, with P < 0.001 for each parameter). In addition, these parameters were significantly increased corresponding with an increased degree of obesity. Whereas, no significant differences for NLR, dNLR, or PLR were found between BMI groups (P = 0.38, 0.31, and 0.34, respectively), and they were not correlated with BMI (P = 0.880, 0.619, and 0.212, respectively). In regression analysis, BMI increased with increasing WBCs, NCs, LCs, MCs, and PLTs (P < 0.0001 for each). The odds of increased BMI were 8.7 times greater with increasing MLR values (P = 0.0001). On the contrary, BMI did not show significant relations with NLR, NLR, and PLR.

Conclusion:

This study concludes that a positive correlation was found between WBCs, NCs, LCs, MCs, PLTs, and MLR with BMI. In addition, these parameters were increased in corresponding with increased the degree of obesity. Since these parameters are cheap and fast tests, we suggest future studies to assess their benefits in the context of obesity treatment monitoring.
Computational Approaches for Anxiety and Depression: A Meta- Analytical Perspective
Authors: Gautam Ritu , Sharma Manik
Published: August 2024

INTRODUCTION: Psychological disorders are a critical issue in today’s modern society, yet it remains to be continuously neglected. Anxiety and depression are prevalent psychological disorders that persuade a generous number of populations across the world and are scrutinized as global problems. METHODS: The three-step methodology is employed in this study to determine the diagnosis of anxiety and depressive disorders. In this survey, a methodical review of ninety-nine articles related to depression and anxiety disorders using different traditional classifiers, metaheuristics and deep learning techniques was done. RESULTS: The best performance and publication trend of traditional classifiers, metaheuristic and deep learning techniques have also been presented. Eventually, a comparison of these three techniques in the diagnosis of anxiety and depression disorders has been appraised. CONCLUSION: There is further scope in the diagnosis of anxiety disorders such as social anxiety disorder, phobia disorder, panic disorder, generalized anxiety, and obsessive-compulsive disorders. Already, there has been a lot of work has been done on conventional approaches to the prognosis of these disorders. So, there is need to need to scrutinize the prognosis of depression and anxiety disorders using the hybridization of metaheuristic and deep learning techniques. Also, the diagnosis of these two disorders among academic fraternity using metaheuristic and deep learning techniques need to be explored.
Self-Regulated Learning in STEM Education: A Bibliometric Mapping Analysis of Research Using Scopus Database
Authors: Nuryadin Asep , Lidinillah Dindin Abdul Muiz , Prehanto Adi , Maesaroh Syti Sarah , Putri Irni Rachmawati , Desmawati Sri Ariyani
Published: August 2024

Considering SRL is one of the key aspects that determines an individual's success in STEM learning, knowing the development of research related to this topic is crucial. This research aims to conduct a bibliometric mapping analysis of research published in Scopus-indexed journals from 2013 to 2023. The search yielded 1683 publications, which generally showed an increasing trend. The analysis results showed the distribution of publications based on document type, year of publication, and geographical area. Then, the co-authorship analysis results showed publication collaboration among countries and among authors. In addition, the citation analysis results provided information on the most influential authors, journals, and publications. In relation to the co-occurrence analysis results, the most popular research focuses were the relationship between SRL and "e-learning" and "engineering education". The topics that are quite popular are related to "mathematics", and those that are less popular are related to the terms "stem (science, technology, engineering and mathematics)" or "stem" and "science" or "science education". Regarding trending topics, several keywords that have been popular recently are "covid-19", "online learning", "major clinical study", "technology", "human experiment", "student learning", and "academic achievement". Several recommendations are also provided based on the findings and limitations of this research.
Potentiality and Apprehensions of Artificial Intelligence in Education: Perspectives of Education Staff
Authors: Alenezi Waleed
Published: August 2024

The present study aimed to assess the potentiality and apprehensions of artificial intelligence (AI) in education. It also investigated the challenges of AI integration into education from the teachers' perspectives. A cross-sectional study design was adopted. Through random sampling, a total of 63 members of faculty were recruited from Kuwait University. An online questionnaire was administered to the study participants. The data was analyzed through SPSS version 26, using descriptive statistics, t-tests, and ANOVA. The results showed that there was a remarkably high consensus about the potentiality of AI for education. The teachers’ readiness to adopt AI was low. Data analysis, machine learning, and natural language processing were the most important aspects of linking education and AI. The participants highlighted that for the empowerment of students, AI system use cases, evaluation of the intelligence of AI systems, and identification of the technical limitations of AI systems were crucial. Greater were challenges and difficulties in using AI such as the lack of availability of suitable educational materials, unavailability of required expertise in the field, and the complexity of the subject. However, no statistical difference attributed to gender, academic degree, and academic department in terms of facing challenges was found.
Rheophysical Characteristics of Hydrocarbon Flow in Microcracks
Authors: Veliyev Fuad , Aslanova Aida
Published: August 2024

The rheophysical aspects of the non-Newtonian behavior of oil-water emulsion during flow in thin channels are considered experimentally.  Using the microchannel model it is established that the nonlinear rheological effect in the flow of oil-water emulsion in micro-slits is mainly caused by the value of the electrokinetic potential of the system, by reducing of which it is possible to significantly weaken the non-Newtonian nature of the fluid. To regulate the electrokinetic potential, antistatic additives were used, the optimal concentration of which was established experimentally. Based on the Bingham model, rheological parameters of oil-water flow were estimated at different micro-slit clearances, in the absence and presence of an antistatic additive. It is established that a reduction in the electrical potential leads to a significant decrease in the yield shear stress during the fluid flow in the microchannel.
Modulation of Photoactive Nanocomposite Cu Doped SnO2 Anchored on G-C3N4 Polymeric Sheets by Green Synthesis and Degradation of Dye Malachite Green
Authors: Dwivedi Snigdha , Pandey Gajanan
Published: August 2024

Wastewater containing harmful dyes such as Malachite green poses a significant environmental challenge because of its high levels of carcinogenicity, mutagenicity, and toxicity. To address this issue, we developed a photocatalyst consisting of Cu doped SnO2 nanocomposite supported onto g-C3N4 using green synthesis method with the assistance of Murraya paniculata leaves extract. To know about the structural, morphological chemical composition of the synthesized heterojunction several techniques of characterization techniques were employed such as XPS, XRD, BET, HRTEM, FESEM, EDAX and UV-Vis spectra. XRD results shows the spherical shape of the particles with the mean grain size of 2.18 and 2.14 nm for Cu doped SnO2 and Cu doped SnO2/g-C3N4 respectively. HRTEM results reveal that the fabricated Cu doped SnO2 shows formation of very small size spherical nanoparticles. The heterojunction Cu doped SnO2/g-C3N4 showed 2-D sheeted structure of g-C3N4 which acts as a translucent layer that captured sphere shaped Cu doped SnO2 NPs. The XPS analysis verifies the existence of Sn, Cu, O, C and N in the synthesized heterojunction. The UV-Visible spectra helped to demonstrate the effective inhibition of plasmonic exciton annihilation within the heterojunction nanocomposite. When exposed to solar light, the designed nanocomposite heterojunction exhibited superior photocatalytic activity in the degradation of MG compared to undoped g-C3N4 and Cu doped SnO2 binary nanocomposite. Radical scavenging studies indicated that •O2– radicals were the principle species accountable for the degradation of MG by the nanocomposite heterojunction. The dye MG photodegraded with pseudo-first order kinetics. The excellent photocatalytic performance and recyclability of nanocomposite can be attributed to its greater surface area, improved separation efficiency of excited e--h+ pairs and superior absorption of visible light.
Advancing Image Database Technologies in Clinical Decision Support Systems: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Yu Ruizhi , Fu Yubo
Published: August 2024

Image data has played a crucial role in the Clinical Decision Support System (CDSS). While numerous studies have focused on developing techniques to extract valuable information from image data to aid in disease diagnosis, there is a lack of attention on the storage and retrieval technologies for image database. Extracting information from image data for decision making models requires a substantial volume of image data. However, images often come with large file sizes due to their high resolution and complex details, and compressing such data may lead to the loss of critical diagnostic information. Thus, the challenge lies in preserving the relevant information within images while managing data volume. This literature review aims to explore existing research on image-specific database systems, and their techniques for image data storage and information retrieval to enhance the application of images within CDSS. The review also brings attention to the need for specialized database systems that are tailored to handle the unique characteristics of clinical image data. Consequently, this review serves as a foundation for future research endeavors aimed at advancing image data management and utilization in the realm of medical diagnosis and beyond.
Which Data Gathering Method is Superior: An Open-Ended Questionnaire or a Semi-Structured Interview?
Authors: Saglam Yilmaz
Published: August 2024

The objective of this study is to conduct a comparative analysis of two qualitative data collection methods: semi-structured interviews and open-ended questionnaires, with a specific focus on codability. A total of twelve freshman college students, comprising two males and ten females, were involved in this study. A phenomenological case study approach was adopted in gathering and analyzing the qualitative data. The study centered around the participants' beliefs regarding some science-related phenomena. Data comprised written responses to open-ended questionnaires and those obtained through interviews. In both data collection methods, the open questions were alike, but the interviewer was allowed to delve deeper for further elaboration. The students' responses were inductively coded to discover patterns in the data. Two codes were allocated to these responses: "codable" and "non-codable." Codable responses encompass complete answers enabling the researcher to assign a code; conversely, responses requiring additional inquiry or elaboration, preventing the researcher from assigning a code, were deemed non-codable. The results indicated that almost all the data obtained through interviews was codable; whereas only 42% of the data obtained through the open-ended questionnaire was codable. Chi-square analysis further confirmed a statistically significant association between codable responses and interviews.
There Is Another Room on the Other Side of the Screen: Learning via Zoom in a Hybrid Context
Authors: Seitl Camilla
Published: August 2024

he tradition of physical presence in higher education has existed for years. Hybrid learning designs have emerged in recent years as a complement to the traditional way of teaching. This has created flexibility in education independent of time and place. The increasing number of students underscores an ambition to obtain high-quality education. Hence, it becomes critical understand how distance students residing in other countries perceive online-teaching in a synchronous hybrid-form, interconnected with traditional classroom teaching. The purpose is thus to gain an in-depth understanding of the factors affecting the experience of learning and engagement through Zoom. The data consists of 22 hours’ observation of Zoom lectures, supplemented by interviews with two distance students, to enable an in-depth understanding of the Zoom teaching model. The theoretical approach used is Community of Inquiry. The results highlight key conditions for the learning experience in the studied course and show that participation through Zoom in a hybrid classroom affects social and cognitive presence. This limits the interaction between physical classrooms and Zoom rooms and causes limited access to ongoing classroom activities, which slows down the learning process.
Exploring the Factors Influencing the Development of Teacher Agency for Culturally Responsive Teaching
Authors: Min Mina , Nelson Rachel
Published: August 2024

Culturally responsive teaching (CRT) is a pedagogy that promotes social justice by improving the educational experiences of students of color. This study aims to explore factors that influence teachers’ agency to implement CRT. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with sixteen teachers who had adopted CRT practices in the South-Central Appalachian region of the United States. Employing a qualitative design, a hybrid thematic analysis approach was used to analyze the interview data. This exploratory study is significant in several ways. First, the study advances theoretical discussions on what constitutes the construct of teacher agency for social justice based on its empirical evidence, which captured teachers’ lively voices. Second, it introduces the unique perspectives and experiences of South-Central Appalachian teachers into the discussion on the complex and less-known construct of teacher agency for social justice. Third, this study offers practical implications for school administrators, teacher educators, and policy-makers regarding what actions can promote teachers to develop and pursue social justice agendas using CRT in growingly diverse public education settings.  The results discuss how the teachers perceived their sense of purpose, competence, autonomy, reflexivity, and commitment to professional development opportunities in enacting CRT in their educational practices.
Investigating Students’ Perceived Satisfaction and Performance in Online Class: Basis for Online Learning Improvements
Authors: San Pablo Generie Mae G. , Prudente Maricar S.
Published: August 2024

The landscape of education has experienced significant changes as a result of the global COVID-19 pandemic. Central to the recent developments is the increasing concerns related to the levels of student satisfaction and performance in Mathematics within the context of online learning. This study seeks to fill the gaps in existing research literature on how mathematics is taught online during the pandemic. In particular, the goal of this research was to investigate the relationship between students' perceived satisfaction and reported academic performance in a Mathematics online class and suggest important satisfaction factors to improve student online learning experiences. The study was a descriptive research design utilizing mixed methods, and the data were collected from a volunteer sample of ???? = 153 respondents, composed of senior high school students from three private schools, through an adapted online survey instrument. Results showed that the association between satisfaction and performance was significant and positively correlated. Furthermore, there was a low but positive significant correlation between satisfaction with their performance. Regardless of their performance levels, students were generally satisfied with online learning. Students, however, pointed out three (3) additional factors that affect their satisfaction –  flexible and considerate task management, effective communication and subject mastery in teaching; and accessibility and clarity of educational resources. To improve online learning, these additional factors are essential to have a high level of satisfaction and performance in online learning.
A Qualitative Comparison of Dimensional Deviation of Laser Powder Bed Fusion Processed Multi Morphology Lattice Structures Based on Thermomechanical Simulations
Authors: Gülcan Orhan , Günaydın Kadir , Simsek Ugur , Gayir Cemal Efe
Published: August 2024

Multi morphology lattices are composite lattice structures formed by different types of lattice structures in different configurations based on engineering application needs. These types of lattices can be manufactured with additive manufacturing modalities, specifically laser powder bed fusion process. However, due to the high cost and time spent on manufacturing these components, it is necessary to predict the properties of manufactured parts before build with numerical methods. This study focused on prediction of dimensional deviation of laser powder bed fusion produced multi morphology lattice structures composed of Schoen Gyroid, Schwarz Diamond, Schwarz Primitive, Schoen FRD and Neovius topologies via thermomechanical simulations qualitatively. Since the comparisons were made based on numerical study results, only qualitative assessments were performed. Lattices were generated by using a novel, in-house developed tool. Among multi morphology lattices investigated in the present study, Schoen FRD topology at the center and Schwarz Primitive topology at the outer region showed the lowest deviations and Schoen FRD topology at the center and Schwarz Diamond topology at the outer region showed the highest deviations. It was also shown that adding Schoen FRD or Schwarz Primitive topologies at the outer region reduces the max. deviations, and Schoen Gyroid or Schwarz Diamond topologies increases the max. deviations.