bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Entre les pierres : renseigner les traces du chantier de construction
Authors: Moulis Cédric
Published: June 2022

Chaque édifice, chaque monument est le fruit d’un processus décisionnel qui nourrit depuis longtemps les problématiques historiques et artistiques. Outre les aspects politique, économique et culturel, il revêt également des aspects techniques et technologiques dont le chantier de construction est le vecteur. Ce chantier peut aujourd’hui encore se lire à travers de nombreux indices. Il en est ainsi des traces involontaires laissées par les divers corps de métiers sur les matériaux. La pierre est certainement le principal vecteur de ces traces, que ce soit sur le processus d’extraction, les épures, les traces de taille ou l’agencement des blocs entre eux. L’interprétation des vides et des négatifs renseigne également beaucoup. Les trous de boulins et les traces de couchis sont autant de preuves de l’usage indispensable du bois. Enfin les analyses physico-chimiques permettent d’entrer dans la matière pour en déterminer la composition. Ces pistes de réflexions, agrémentées de quelques résultats, contribuent à mieux cerner le chantier de construction et son environnement.
L’enseignement de l’archéologie du bâti en France. Bilan et enjeux pour la pérennisation d’une discipline
Authors: Čaušević-Bully Morana
Published: June 2022

En dépit des premiers « tâtonnements » dès la fin des années 1970 en France d’une nouvelle pratique d’analyses et de documentation des élévations, l’enseignement de l’archéologie du bâti est intervenu tardivement dans les formations universitaires. Quelques « foyers » se démarquent dans la seconde moitié des années 1990 autour d’acteurs pionniers de la discipline, comme à Paris 1 Sorbonne ou au Centre d’études médiévales d’Auxerre-UMR ARTEHIS. Ainsi, des stages d’initiation aux techniques du dessin en archéologie du bâti et à la lecture archéologique des élévations ont été entrepris au CEM dès 1998 et un poste d’enseignant spécialiste d’archéologie du bâti a été ouvert en 2003 à l’université Paris 1 Sorbonne. Une petite décennie plus tard, on peut encore évoquer des enseignements dispensés à Lyon 2 ou encore à Strasbourg, à partir tout à la fois de l’histoire de l’architecture religieuse ou bien encore de l’archéologie castrale et urbaine.Parallèlement au développement de l’enseignement de l’archéologie du bâti médiéval, l’ENS développe depuis quelques années la notion « d’archéologie de la construction » appliquée à l’architecture antique.Il est manifeste que plusieurs universités proposent désormais une formation – ou une initiation – aux méthodes de l’archéologie du bâti sous différentes formes. Elle est parfois intégrée dans les cours méthodologiques et archéométriques des Masters généraux en archéologie (comme c’est le cas par exemple à Tours ou à Rennes), soit proposée en tant que parcours professionnel (comme à Lyon ou plus récemment à Besançon), ou encore exceptionnellement proposée dans le cadre d’une formation spécifique, comme c’est le cas du Master Architecture et Archéologie de Strasbourg (héritier d’un DESS).Si les pratiques de l’archéologie du bâti – sans être encore généralisées dans toutes les régions ni clairement légiférées –, sont en voie d’être la norme en France, la formation reste cependant insuffisante et peine à s’adapter aux nouveaux enjeux. Ceux-ci sont liés à la fois à différentes attentes et exigences des nombreux acteurs institutionnels, comme à celles des « praticiens du terrain », aux évolutions considérables des nouvelles technologies – avec leurs apports et leurs limites – et à de nouveaux champs d’investigation. Pourtant, il semble important à l’heure actuelle, en accompagnement de réflexions en cours sur les enjeux des politiques patrimoniales et de la place de l’archéologie, d’être en capacité de former de futurs spécialistes en archéologie du bâti capables d’endosser le rôle d’acteurs incontournables dans la mise en place de protocoles d’études sur le « bâti ». Une plus grande visibilité des formations en archéologie du bâti, en direction des étudiants comme des institutions, est également une nécessité afin d’en assurer la pérennité et d’en généraliser les pratiques.
Archéologie préventive sur du bâti protégé
Authors: Mataouchek Victorine
Published: June 2022

L’objet de cet article est de montrer que les travaux de restauration engagés sur les monuments historiques, pour en garantir la pérennité, peuvent aussi se traduire par des pertes d’informations quant à leur histoire. L’application de la méthode archéologique d’analyse stratigraphique permet de recueillir ces vestiges ténus et de participer à une meilleure connaissance de ces monuments. Dans ce contexte de travaux, c’est le dispositif d’archéologie préventive qui devrait se mettre en place. Mais le recours à ce type de prescription se heurte encore à de nombreux présupposés. Il s’agira donc ici de montrer que l’archéologie préventive peut être conciliable avec les impératifs des Monuments Historiques qui ont en charge la gestion de monuments et la préservation de leur potentiel mémoriel.Au gré de différents exemples, nous aborderons plusieurs modes d’intervention (diagnostic ou fouille) dictés par l’importance des travaux de restauration ou leur incidence vis-à-vis des problématiques scientifiques propres à chaque monument. Par ce parcours, nous verrons comment l’archéologie pratiquée sur les monuments peut répondre à une double injonction : celle de recueillir les informations avant leur altération et d’apporter un concours au parti de restauration, dans le respect du code du patrimoine.
L’archéologie au service du projet de restauration, un outil de connaissance comme un autre ?
Authors: Ullmann Cécile
Published: June 2022

Dans le cadre d’une opération de conservation, de restauration ou de mise en valeur d’un monument historique, l’archéologie permet l’acquisition de connaissances en vue de la définition du projet. Dans ce contexte, elle s’inscrit au sein d’une démarche pluridisciplinaire où de nombreuses compétences sont mises à contribution, à la demande de l’État (Directions régionales des affaires culturelles), chargé du contrôle scientifique et technique des opérations, et orchestrées par l’architecte, maître d’œuvre des travaux. À partir de trois exemples récents en Bourgogne-Franche-Comté (cathédrales de Sens et de Dijon, lavoir à charbon de Montceau-les-Mines), on recherchera quelle particularité revêt cette discipline par rapport à l’ensemble des sciences sollicitées au service du projet.
L’archéologie du bâti à l’épreuve de la complexité et de l’entropie urbaine
Authors: Blanc-Garidel Fabien
Published: June 2022

L’adoption des pratiques et des outils de l’archéologie du bâti ainsi que leur adaptation pour l’étude urbaine dans le cadre de l’archéologie préventive ont permis, en moins de vingt ans, de renouveler profondément nos connaissances des villes et de leur évolution. Longtemps restée l’apanage des sociologues, urbanistes et autres historiens de la ville, la lecture de l’évolution urbaine est désormais entièrement reprise par les archéologues à partir certes d’opérations sédimentaires, mais également d’études plus ou moins exhaustives du bâti. Au moyen de deux exemples précis, cet exposé propose de voir comment l’archéologie du bâti en milieu urbain questionne autrement les transformations de la ville sur le temps long, comment les bâtiments enregistrent des modifications sociales, économiques ou politiques et enfin les limites de ces types d’études qui se heurtent à la complexité urbaine parfois difficile à décomposer.
Architecte du patrimoine et archéologue du bâti : un partenariat incontournable
Authors: Gillon Pierre
Published: June 2022

En archéologie du bâti, le partenariat archéologue / architecte est incontournable. Autrefois inexistant, il a beaucoup évolué et doit progresser encore, en agissant sur les leviers de la formation, de la réglementation et des pratiques. Les études préalables, dont le développement qualitatif et quantitatif est indéniable, doivent être structurées et mieux définies. L’archéologue, lorsque son intervention est reconnue nécessaire, doit devenir un participant à part entière du processus d’étude et de mise en valeur d’un édifice patrimonial.
L’archéologie du bâti : un enjeu interinstitutionnel
Authors: Guyonnet François
Published: June 2022

L’archéologie du bâti est située à un point de convergence entre différents métiers du patrimoine et son action est orientée par plusieurs institutions. Cette position intermédiaire sur l’échiquier de la politique patrimoniale française lui confère avantages et inconvénients. À partir de connaissances et d’expériences personnelles, l’auteur du présent article analyse les forces et faiblesses de cette discipline et ses interactions avec d’autres métiers. Il livre également certaines pistes d’avenir en présentant notamment une expérimentation conduite depuis plusieurs années sur la ville provençale dans laquelle il exerce.
Efficacy of endoscopic anterior fundoplication with a novel ultrasonic surgical endostapler for gastroesophageal reflux disease: Six-month results from a multicenter prospective trial
Authors: Peng Lihua , Wan Rong , Chen Shengliang , Wu Jimin , Yang Jing , Wang Xiaoxiao , Yan Bin , Zhao Huijun , Pan Fei , Shi Yichao , Wang Weifeng , Ai Jie , Yang Yunsheng
Published: June 2022

Background and Objectives:

Endoscopic therapy is an option for the treatment of refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of transoral incisionless fundoplication with the Medigus ultrasonic surgical endostapler (MUSE™) for refractory GERD.

Materials and Methods:

Patients with 2 years of documented GERD symptoms and at least 6 months of proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) therapy were enrolled in four medical centers from March 2017 to March 2019. The GERD health-related quality of life (HRQL) score, GERD questionnaire score, total acid exposure on esophageal pH probe monitoring, the gastroesophageal flap valve (GEFV), esophageal manometry, and PPIs dosage were compared between the pre- and post-MUSE procedure. All of the side effects were recorded.

Results:

A reduction of at least 50% in the GERD-HRQL score was observed in 77.8% (42/54) patients. Most patients 74.1% (40/54) discontinued PPIs and 11.1% (6/54) reported a ≥50% dose reduction. The percentage of patients who had normalized acid exposure time after the procedure was 46.9% (23/49). The existence of hiatal hernia at baseline was negatively correlated with the curative effect. Mild pain was common and resolved within 48 h postprocedure. Serious complications were pneumoperitoneum (one case), mediastinal emphysema combined with pleural effusion (two cases).

Conclusions:

Endoscopic anterior fundoplication with MUSE was an effective treatment for refractory GERD, but still needs refinement and improvement in safety aspect. Esophageal hiatal hernia may affect the efficacy of MUSE. (www.chictr.org.cn, ChiCTR2000034350)
Effects of psychiatric symptoms, age, and gender on fear of missing out (FoMO) and problematic smartphone use: A path analysis with clinical-based adolescent sample
Authors: Gul Hesna , Firat Sumeyra , Sertcelik Mehmet , Gul Ahmet , Gurel Yusuf , Kilic Birim G.
Published: June 2022

Background:

Fear of missing out (FoMO) is a kind of anxiety that arises from FoMO on rewarding online social experiences that others might be having. Recent studies demonstrated that there is a strong relationship between FoMO and problematic smartphone use (PSU). In this study, we aimed to address the relationship between age, gender, psychiatric symptoms, PSU, and FoMO among a clinical-based adolescent sample.

Methods:

In total, 197 adolescents (136 boys, 12–18 years) who applied to psychiatry clinics were recruited in the study. Path analysis with observed variables was used to investigate the relationships of PSU and FoMO with each other and with psychiatric symptoms (somatization, obsession–compulsion, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, phobic anxiety, paranoid ideation, and psychoticism), age, and gender.

Results:

Path analysis showed that age (B1 = 2.35, P < 0.001), somatization (B1 = 1.19, P < 0.001), hostility (B1 = 0.92, P = 0.001), and paranoid ideation (B1 = 0.93, P = 0.005) have significant positive effect on PSU, when interpersonal sensitivity has a significant negative effect (B1 = –1.47, P < 0.001). For FoMO, male gender (B0 = 0.35, P < 0.001), anxiety (B1 = 1.37, P < 0.001), and PSU have positive effects, whereas age (B1 = –1.60, P < 0.001), depression (B1 = –0.58, P = 0.004), and hostility (B1 = –0.49, P = 0.001) have a negative effect.

Conclusions:

Our study demonstrated that although PSU and FoMO are closely related to each other in previous studies, they have different associations with age, gender, and psychiatric symptoms among a clinical-based adolescent sample. The positive effects of PSU, anxiety on FoMO are predictable; however, the negative effect of age, hostility, and depression on FoMO was interesting. These relationships could be related to social exclusion-hostility and impulsivity-male gender/younger age associations in adolescence. In addition, we did not find a significant effect of FoMO on PSU, this could be related to the social and non-social use of smartphones, and should be reevaluated in clinical samples in the future.
Terrorismo y política dominan las portadas de la prensa vasca. Análisis de contenido y superficie de las primeras páginas de los diarios autonómicos
Authors: Canga Larequi Jesús
Published: June 2022

Este artículo es fruto del proyecto de investigación UPV/EHU 08/20 de 2008 de la Universidad del País Vasco realizado por los autores sobre las informaciones recogidas en las portadas de la prensa vasca durante los años 1996, 2001 y 2006.

Los investigadores analizan las primeras páginas de la prensa vasca para averiguar si sus contenidos se corresponden con las demandas e intereses de sus lectores. Un estudio que pone de relieve cuáles son los temas de mayor relevancia para estos diarios. La investigación analiza pormenorizadamente 2.448 portadas de los 5 diarios vascos más importantes, con un total de 19.156 informaciones. Para el trabajo se ha desarrollado una metodología propia que permite analizar las noticias tanto desde un punto de vista cuantitativo como cualitativo. Los resultados mostrados en este artículo son un resumen de los resultados más pormenorizados que han aparecido en los distintos campos de la investigación.
Cumbres Mayores (Huelva, Spain): A new striking Megalith complex and its incise Lineal Megalithic and Tartessian Scripts
Authors: Arnaiz-Villena Antonio , Palacio-Gruber Jose , Ruiz-del Valle Valentin , Sanchez-Orta Alejandro , Vaquero-Yuste Christian , Suarez-Trujillo Fabio
Published: June 2022

A big megalithic complex has been described at Cumbres Mayores (Huelva, Spain): it is composed of menhirs, a cromlech and some other not yet fully studied structures. Lineal Megalithic Scripts are present both on the rocks and the menhirs which also contain figure engravings. Iberian signs included within Iberian-Tartessian semi-syllabary are also found mixed with Megalithic scripts; Leisner archaeologists also noticed “Iberian Megalithic scripts” in 1951 at San Bartolomé Dolmen (Huelva). They are the same signs that also appear at a Sahara Desert cave (Ti-m Missaou, Algeria) and rocks throughout all seven Canary Islands. Lineal Megalithic Scripts have also been found in other Andalusian megaliths (dolmens) and throughout Andalusia in many big or small stones both in megalithic or non-megalithic contexts. These Iberian-Tartessian semi-syllabary signs present in a megalithic context would drive Iberian-Tartessian writing dating back to 3000 to 5000 years BP with a big geographic extension, comprising South Sahara Desert, Canary Islands and South Iberia. A political unit and a common language are not known to have existed but people from former green Sahara Area emigrated because rapid desertification after 6000 years BC and also people exchange across Gibraltar Strait exists since Prehistoric times. Finally, these Iberian-Tartessian megalithic signs are found in the core of classic Tartessian Cumbres Mayores area: this may put Tartessian civilization writing formation dating back to 5,000 - 3,000 years BC as already stated by Strabo.
Visual anthropology: Changing roles in fieldwork
Authors: Srivastava Shuchi
Published: June 2022

Visual Anthropology, the study of visual systems, is a specialized study of culture involving photographs and films. The main objective of the study is to present the chronological development and changing trends in visual anthropology. Visual anthropology has a long history started with the photography of various cultural aspects by some professional photographers, and then there was an addition of supplementary use of photographs and films in ethnographic description. Later, reflexive, participatory and dialogic movements were introduced to more depth and objective studies, which finally led to the applied interventions with the use of photo voice technique in community-based participatory research to address social, environmental and health issues and problems. The paper provides an in-depth overview of enhancement in visual techniques and methods used for communication of anthropological observations and insights applicable for human welfare.
Pharmacognostic and physicochemical analysis of the leaves of Fadogia andersonii Robyns (Rubiaceae)
Authors: Imam Khadijah I , Ahmed Abubakar , Ambi Aminu A
Published: June 2022

Fadogia andersonii has long been used in Africa in treatment of diseases including inflammation, arthritis, malaria and as aphrodisiac. The use and demand of this medicinal plants has been growing over long period of time. This study was carried out to determine some important pharmacognostic parameters of F. andersonii leaf. Evaluation of the fresh, powdered leaves was carried out to determine the macro-morphological, qualitative and quantitative microscopic, chemomicroscopic features, physicochemical properties and elemental analysis of the leaves. The leaves are pinnate opposite arranged, oblique lamina, glabrous appearance, elliptical in shape, entire margin with reticulate venation. The microscopy revealed straight polygonal wall of epidermal cells, paracytic stomata, unicellular trichomes, xylem, phloem, prismatic & druse crystals, and starch grains. Chemomicroscopy revealed presence of cellulose, cutin, lignin, tannins, starch, calcium oxalate crystals and gum & mucilage. The physicochemical parameters for the leaves estimated include moisture contents (13.11%), total ash value (5.67%), water soluble ash (1.33%), acid insoluble ash (2.00%), water extractive values (13.33%) and alcohol extractive values (10.67%). Elemental analysis revealed the presence of iron, copper, manganese, zinc, nickel, and lead. The pharmacognostic standard observed in this study will be of help in correct identification and quality control of F. andersonii.
Fruit-peel-degrading Potential of Some Legumes-associated Bacteria
Authors: Ajayi G.O. , Boboye B.E. , Adetuyi F.C.
Published: June 2022

This research aimed at determining the digestive ability of nine legumes-associated bacteria on the peels of some fruits (orange, watermelon, plantain, banana, pineapple and pawpaw). The bacteria were cultivated separately on each peel for 18 hours at 28oC; the amount of glucose released was quantified using Dinitrosalicylic acid reagent method. The results obtained showed that the bacteria degraded all the peels with the highest (0.297 mg/mL) and lowest (0.087 mg/mL) glucose concentrations produced by Rhizobium leguminosarum FUBO001 and Bonitrorhizobium winogradskyi FUBO004 in banana and pawpaw peels, respectively. The Bo. winogradskyi FUBO004 synthesized 0.101 mg/mL as minimum sugar amount in the former peel while Bradyrhizobium nigeriasis FUBO005 produced the highest glucose quantity (0.167 mg/mL) in the latter peel. The lowest amounts of glucose in orange, watermelon, pineapple and plantain peels produced by Bradyrhizobium nigeriasis FUBO003, Rhizobium nigeriasis, R. nigeriasis and Br. nigeriasis FUBO003 were 0.095, 0.132, 0.09 and 0.248 mg/mL respectively. In these peels, the highest amount of the reducing sugar made was 0.131 mg/mL by Br. nigeriasis FUBO005, 0.211 mg/mL by Br. nigeriasis FUBO005, 0.156 mg/mL by Bo. winogradskyi FUBO004 and 0.291 mg/mL by R. nigeriasis. These results suggest that the bacteria catabolized the fruit peels, reflecting their high potential in the conversion of the fruit peels to useful products.
Wax precipitation and deposition risk: Issues on ethics and professionalism
Authors: Makwashi Nura , Ahmed Tariq , Akubo Stephen Arome
Published: June 2022

The deposition of wax on pipelines causes problems that affect oil production rate and the facilities. Several preventive and control measures were employed to manage this problem. However, there is no single technique that is hundred per cent effective for different fields. Therefore, this article provides new interpretation of the associated risk of the problem – such as the impact of ethical and professionalism on wax deposition. It sheds more light on the need for the implementation of sound engineering practices during pipeline design, construction, and operations to reduce wax deposition risks and the associated remediation costs. The laboratory case study revealed that crude oil properties (such as wax appearance temperature (WAT), pour point (PP), and density), standard operating conditions and procedures must be accurate and continuously updated throughout the production life cycle. The results showed that maintaining crude oil temperature above wax appearance temperature (30°C) and at a relatively high flow rate particularly within the turbulent flow region (7, 9 and 11 l/min) provides a safe and uninterrupted production of waxy crude oil (δwax ≈ 0 mm).
Editorial
Authors: Jansen Stefan
Published: June 2022

None
Acceptance of COVID-19 Vaccine among Adults in Two Urban Local Government Areas of Kwara State, North Central Nigeria
Authors: Ajibola Idowu , Anu Samuel Olowwokere , Kikelomo Oluseyi Israel , Adebowale Femi Akinwumi
Published: June 2022

BackgroundCovid-19 has unquantifiable negative impacts on the world’s socio-economic parameters. The rapid discovery of vaccines to fight this pandemic is a monumental scientific breakthrough.Study objectiveThe study assessed willingness of adult Nigerians to accept Covid-19 vaccine and elucidated on factors influencing such decisions.MethodologyCross-sectional design was employed among 400 respondents recruited using multi-stage random sampling technique in Ilorin, Kwara-State, Nigeria. Pretested interviewer-administered, semi-structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were carried out.ResultsMean age ±SD of respondents was 40.85±13.75 and 215 (53.7%) of them were males. Those who possessed good knowledge of Covid-19 were 321 (80.3%), but few respondents had misconceptions regarding its causation. Attitude to Covid-19 vaccination was positive in 360 (90%) of the respondents, 278 (69.5%) were willing to accept the vaccine. Respondents’ Covid-19 knowledge and attitude to its vaccination were the main determinants of willingness to receive the vaccine.ConclusionThe Nigerian government urgently needs to leverage on the positive attitude of the people to fully implement its covid-19 vaccination policies which can ensure effective coverage and equitable access to the revolutionary Covid-19 vaccines. Awareness campaign on practice of other preventive measures should be sustained to produce a synergistic control effort.Rwanda J Med Health Sci 2022;5(2):127-140
Pattern of Presentation and Physiotherapy Approach to Management of Children with Cerebral Palsy at Public Hospitals in Ibadan, Nigeria
Authors: Margaret Bukola Fatudimu , Talhatu Kolapo Hamzat , Olubiyi Oluwole , Olubiyi Oluwole
Published: June 2022

IntroductionChildren with Cerebral Palsy (CP) require physiotherapy as part of their habilitation programme. Given scarcity of physiotherapy clinical guidelines for managing CP in Nigeria, it is probable that physiotherapists would adopt management approaches based on individual preferences. The commonly used management approaches by physiotherapists at two purposively selected public-funded hospitals in Ibadan, Nigeria were documented in this retrospective study.MethodsInformation was methodically extracted from the clinic records of children with CP managed over a 5-year period. They include: information concerning the clinical diagnosis; physiotherapy management approach such as techniques, assessment and discharge practice. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics.ResultsSix hundred and ten (610) case files were retrieved. The spastic type of CP was the most prevalent (n = 214; 35.1%;); conventional physiotherapy treatment (n = 344; 56.4%); neurodevelopmental technique (n=185; 30.3%); and the proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (n=81; 13.3%) were the treatment approaches. Home programmes were prescribed for the majority (n =520; 85.2%); 555 (90.0%) were not formally discharged; many (n=409; 67.0%) were not reassessed in the course of receiving physiotherapy and those reassessed were done without the use of a standardized outcome measure.ConclusionImportance of physiotherapy practice guideline in CP is underscored by this report.

Rwanda J Med Health Sci 2022;5(2):141-150
Predictors of Compliance to Hand Hygiene among Health Care Workers in Rwanda
Authors: Ndatimana Dieudonne , Habiyakare Caste , Niragire Francois , Ndibaza Amedee , Ntakirutimana Olive , Manishimwe Onesime , Mutabazi Josue , Rutayisire Erigene
Published: June 2022

BackgroundHand hygiene is critical to the prevention of Healthcare Acquired Infections. Compliance of health care workers to hand hygiene in developing countries is reportedly low.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to assess predictors of hand hygiene compliance among healthcare workers in RwandaMethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted in 26 selected hospitals. Trained hospital IPC focal points anonymously observed 1380 hand hygiene opportunities from 341 healthcare workers. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify predictors of compliance to hand hygiene among health care workers using Stata.ResultsThe overall compliance to HH was 72.4%. It was respectively 70%, 77% and 60% less likely in labor (AOR=0.30, 95% CI: 0.19-0.49), maternity (AOR= 0.27, 95% CI: 0.17-0.43), and neonatology (AOR= 0.40 95% CI: 0.25-0.65) departments than in theater. Other clinical staff than nurses/midwives were 35% less likely to comply than did medical doctors. The availability of water source and soap at hand washing station was associated with 2.5 times higher odds of compliance (AOR=2.46, 95% CI: 1.27-4.77).ConclusionThe compliance to HH is associated with the availability of hand hygiene facilities. Well-maintained water sources and soap at hand washing stations should be a priority in health care settings.

Rwanda J Med Health Sci 2022;5(2):170-179
Acceptance of electronic and paper-based standardized Nursing Care Plans Documentation System among nurses in a Tertiary Health Facility in North-Central Nigeria
Authors: Adereti C.S. , Olagunju O.E. , Afolabi E.K. , Ojo I.O. , Olaogun. A.A
Published: June 2022

Acceptance is important for successful adoption of new technology. This study assessed the level of acceptability of electronic and paper-based Standardized Nursing Care Plans templates among nurses in a tertiary health facility in North Central Nigeria. Adopting a comparative design, data were collected from 32 nurses working in two medical units of a tertiary health facility who had earlier been introduced to an electronic and Paper-based Standardized Nursing Care plan (SNCPs) templates. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data from the nurses. Data was computed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20 and analyzed using frequency distribution, independent t-test, and Multiple Regression. The result showed that the electronic SNCPs were accepted by all nurses working in the electronic ward while only 2(12.5%) of nurses in the paper word did not accept the paper SNCPs. There was no significant difference in the level of nurses’ acceptability of SNCPs (t-value = 1.400, p = 0.172). Also, only nurses’ years of experience had a statistically significant relationship with acceptance. Providing adequate training would enhance nurses use SNCPs in either electronic or paper formats.
Topiramate inhibits the proliferation of bladder cancer cells via PI3K/AKTR signaling pathway
Authors: Chao Liu , Zhang Shaoqi , Zhang Jianjun , Cai Longjun , Wang Xiangyu , Meng Fanlai , Cai Weiqi
Published: June 2022

Purpose: To explore new treatment options for bladder cancer (BC) based on topiramate (TPM).Methods: The MTT assay and flow cytometry were used to determine the effect of topiramate on partial growth-related malignant phenotype of BC cells. Expression levels of apoptosis-related biomarkers and signaling pathway-related factors were analyzed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting. In vivo experiments were conducted to investigate the role of TPM on tumor growth in mice with bladder cancer.Results: The MTT results showed that topiramate blocked the growth of BC cells (p < 0.05). Growth inhibition was positively correlated with TPM concentration. Flow cytometry results revealed that bladder cancer cell apoptosis rose with increase in TPM concentration, while the mRNAs of apoptosisassociated factors Bcl-2 and Mcl-1 were down-regulated in a concentration-based manner by TPM (p < 0.05). Western blot assay indicated that Bax and Caspase-3 proteins were up-regulated, and the higher the concentration of TPM, the more significant the protein expression levels (p < 0.05).Conclusion: Topiramate (TPM) slows down the rate of growth of BC cells and accelerates their rate of apoptosis through the regulation of P13K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Thus, the compound has potentials for development as an anti-bladder cancer agent.
AKR1C1 overexpression attenuates the inhibitory effect of glycyrrhizic acid on gastric cancer cell proliferation and migration
Authors: Qiao Lian , Shi Cheng , Gao Junxia , Liu Yalei , Zheng Qian
Published: June 2022

Purpose: To investigate the involvement of aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C1 (AKR1C1) in glycyrrhizic acid-mediated gastric cancer.Methods: Immunohistochemistry, quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and western blot were used to assess AKR1C1 expression in gastric cancer. Cell proliferation was assessed using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) and colony formation assay. Apoptosis was evaluated by flow cytometry. Transwell and wound healing assays were performed to investigate cell invasion and migration, respectively.Results: AKR1C1 was significantly upregulated in gastric cancer tissues and cells (p < 0.01). AKR1C1 knockdown suppressed cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of gastric cancer, but promoted cell apoptosis. Glycyrrhizic acid treatment reduced AKR1C1 expression in gastric cancer cells (p < 0.05). AKR1C1 overexpression attenuated the glycyrrhizic acid-induced increase in gastric cancer cell apoptosis as well as the decrease in cell proliferation, migration, and invasion.Conclusion: AKR1C1 contributes to gastric cancer cell proliferation and metastasis and counteracts the suppressive effects of glycyrrhizic acid on gastric cancer cell proliferation and metastasis.
A Study on the Distribution of Air Pollutants in Petrochemical Industrial Complex On Summer
Authors: Jeong J. H. , Kim I. S. , Oh E. H. , Lee J. R. , Kim H. S.
Published: June 2022

Objectives : Using a mobile laboratory equipped with Proton Transfer Reaction-Time of Flight/Mass Spectrometry (PTR-ToF-MS), we investigate the degree of air pollution level in the petrochemical industrial complex by investigating the distribution characteristics of air pollutants and tracking emission sources.Methods : The research area within the petrochemical industrial complex was measured three times each at dawn, day, night, and the distribution of VOCs at each time was investigated and presented as a pollution map. In the emission source tracking, hot spot (high-concentration) wes found by mobile monitoring, and the emission source was closely tracked by stationary monitoring.Results and Discussion : Acetaldehyde measured in the petrochemical industrial complex was confirmed to have the highest 3 to 5 degrees by direct olfactory method. In most instances the highest concentration was at dawn, potentially due to stagnant pollutants caused by temperature reversal. It was observed that the probability of finding an hot spot was higher during dawn and that it was significantly affected by the wind direction and speed at the time of measurement. When tracking the emission sources, appropriate areas of concern for contamination were selected on the basis of the stationary monitoring results, which were obtained from areas showing high concentrations after mobile monitoring.Conclusion : As a result of the investigation of the distribution characteristics and emission sources of air pollutants in the petrochemical industrial complex, we found that acetaldehyde was the major pollutant and presented an efficient method to search for areas of concern for air pollution. Through these results, it is expected that emission sources can be managed more efficiently.
THE ECONOMIC MODELS OF SPORTS ASSOCIATIONS: THE CASE OF HANDBALL CLUBS IN NORTHERN FRANCE
Authors: Janssoone Pierre-yves , Feuillet Antoine , Jéöl Mathieu , Terrien Mickael
Published: June 2022

LES MODELES ECONOMIQUES DES ASSOCIATIONS SPORTIVES : LE CAS DES CLUBS DE HANDBALL DU NORD DE LA FRANCE

The French Handball Federation has put at the heart of its strategic project the will to see its clubs diversify their financial resources and multiply the practice offers (health, leisure...) to remain attractive in a changing sport context. In order to accompany this process, this research focuses on the economic models of handball clubs in order to categorize them and identify development levers. Different statistical methods were applied to achieve this. A principal component analysis and a K-means classification allow us to propose a double taxonomy of the clubs: their economic models and their level of professionalization. These methods were applied to the clubs of the Comité Nord (59 clubs), which were contacted by sending a questionnaire. The reading grid created allows to characterize the current situation of the French handball clubs and to identify different opportunities and threats for each of the identified categories.

La fédération française de handball a mis au cœur de son projet stratégique la volonté de voir ses clubs diversifier leurs ressources financières et multiplier les offres de pratique (santé, loisir…) pour rester attractif dans un contexte sportif en mutation. Afin d’accompagner ce processus, cette recherche s’intéresse aux modèles économiques des clubs de handball dans l’objectif de les catégoriser et d’identifier des leviers de développement. Différentes méthodes statistiques ont été appliquées pour y parvenir. Une analyse en composantes principales (ACP) et une classification K-means permettent de proposer une double taxonomie des clubs : de leurs modèles économiques et de leur niveau de professionnalisation. Ces méthodes sont appliquées aux clubs du Comité Nord (59 clubs) qui ont été sollicités par l’envoi d’un questionnaire. La grille de lecture créée permet de caractériser la situation actuelle des clubs de handball français et d’identifier différentes opportunités et menaces pour chacune des catégories identifiées.
Design of Low Power High Speed Hybrid Full Adder: A Review
Authors: Shree M Shyla
Published: June 2022

In this research, I present a new hybrid FA design (a blend of CMOS and transistor logic types) that tries to achieve high speed while consuming minimal power, hence the low PDP designation. Our proposed FA and seven other current FA designs were modelled on the spice with a 45 nm low power model file, a standard test bed, and a standard test pattern (56 input switching), and the impersonation results for eight designs are equivalent. Power outages, distribution delays, and PDP are all issues that need to be addressed. The results of simulations show that our suggested FA design has the shortest broadcast delays and the lowest PDP across the whole power supply and frequency range.
OVERVIEW OF THE PROPERTIES OF BACTERIOPHAGES AND THE POSSIBILITIES OF PHAGE THERAPY IN THE MODERN WORLD
Authors:   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University, Bogush Ya. Yu. , Ikonnikova N. V. ,   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University
Published: June 2022

Bacteriophages are bacterial viruses. They have strict specificity, the direction of action and, unlike antibiotics, do not suppress the development of normal microflora, without weakening the immune defense of the human body, do not contribute to allergization. Phage therapy has found wide application in practical healthcare in many countries of the world. Bacteriophages act as an alternative to generally accepted methods of treating bacterial infections. At the same time, the absence of any toxicity of drugs was established and their use was shown for any category of patients: children, pregnant women, the elderly, cancer patients, with postoperative complications, with diseases of the cardiovascular system and diabetes mellitus.
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF THE INCIDENCE OF COVID-19 IN THE POPULATION OF THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS
Authors:   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University, Shlyakhticheva А. А. , Zhivitskaya E. P. ,   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University, Sysa A. G. ,   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University
Published: June 2022

Coronavirus infection (COVID-19) is a severe acute respiratory infection. A descriptive epidemiological study was conducted based on the analysis of cases of detection of coronavirus infection in the Republic of Belarus in the period from 24.03.2020 to 01.03.2022 WHO data for the period April-February 2020-2022 served as material for studying trends in the incidence of coronavirus infection. The dynamics of registration of cases of detected new coronavirus infection COVID-19 was studied by registration dates and grouped data by months during the observation period. A monthly analysis of the development of the epidemic process made it possible to note that the incidence of COVID-19 is undulating. Vaccination is one of the ways to prevent the spread of COVID-19. In the Republic of Belarus, more than half of the population received the first dose of the vaccine.
FEATURES OF MICROELEMENT SUPPLEMENTATION OF THE BODY IN PREGNANT WOMEN AND YOUNG CHILDREN OF BELARUS WITH AUTOIMMUNE THYROIDITIS
Authors:   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University, Petrenko S. V. , Zhiltsova Yu. V. ,   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University, Seitmedova A. ,   International Educational and Scientific Center Ministry of Health and Medical Industry, Dzhunelov A. B. ,   International Educational and Scientific Center Ministry of Health and Medical Industry, Opanasenko T. S. ,   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University, Laptenok S. V. ,   Belarusian National Technical University
Published: June 2022

In children with sonographic signs of AIT from the settlements of Vitebsk and Minsk regions, a reduced content of both iodine and selenium and zinc in the body was revealed, which is a distinctive feature of microelement provision from healthy children. The content of selenium and iodine in the hair of this group of children is 1.52 times lower than in the group of healthy children and 2-3 times lower than the lower indicators of normative values. The low content of iodine in the body is due to the insufficient intake of iodized salt in 50-60 % of the surveyed school children and pregnant women in almost all the regions surveyed. In children with sonographic signs of AIT, a pronounced iodine-selenium-zinc deficiency has been established, which may be one of the reasons for the decrease in the level of antioxidant protection of the body and one of the main factors responsible for the formation of AIT in various regions of Belarus.
ANALYSIS OF THE THYROID GLAND INCIDENCE RATE IN GORODNAYA RESIDENTS, STOLIN DISTRICT, BREST REGION, WHICH SUFFERED AS A RESULT OF THE ACCIDENT AT THE CHERNOBYL NUCLEAR POWER PLANT
Authors:   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University, Pechuro E. A. , Batian A. N. ,   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University, Kravchenko V. A. ,   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University, Petrenko S. V. ,   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University
Published: June 2022

At the beginning of 2020, 71 patients with thyroid diseases (nodular goiter, postoperative hypothyroidism, thyrotoxicosis, hypothyroidism, thyroid cancer) were identified, among which 14 % are men and 86 % are women. Thyroid cancer was diagnosed in 7 people, including 1 man and 6 women, which was 14.3 % and 85.7%, respectively. In the structure of morbidity, nodular goiter (26 cases) accounts for 37 %, postoperative hypothyroidism (17 cases) -24 %, primary hypothyroidism (15 cases) - 21 %, thyrotoxicosis (6 cases) - 8 %, cancer (7 cases) - 10%. The most common pathology of the thyroid gland in the study settlement is nodular goiter. The highest incidence rates were among men aged 51-60 years, and among women - in the age groups 51-60 years and 61-70 years. One of the possible reasons for nodular goiter incidence rate increasing is radioactive iodine incorporation at the stable iodine deficiency in this population.
MARKERS OF OXIDATIVE STRESS IN THE WOMEN’S BLOOD OF PRE- AND POSTMENOPAUSAL PERIOD
Authors:   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University, Klimovich V. , Pisaryk V. M. ,   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University
Published: June 2022

The onset of menopause is accompanied by changes in the woman’s body. Some of the symptoms can complicate their daily life and even cause the appearance of various diseases. Recently, more and more attention has been paid to the beneficial effects of physical activity to minimize the negative effects of menopause. This is a cheap, publicly available and minimally invasive way to prevent and treat problems associated with menopause. According to the results of the work presented in this article, it was found that the ratio of markers of oxidative stress and antioxidant protection in the blood is most favorable in pre- and postmenopausal women who regularly engage in aerobic physical activity with a frequency equal to or exceeding 3 times a week.
MONITORING OF THE HELMINTH FAUNA OF SMALL RODENTS LIVING ON THE BANKS OF DRAINAGE CHANNELS ON ARABLE LANDS OF BELARUSIAN POLESIE
Authors:   Brest State University named after A.S. Pushkin, Shimalov V. V.
Published: June 2022

Monitoring of the helminth fauna of small rodents living on drainage channel banks on arable lands was carried out in 2017 in Brest Polesie (western part of Belarusian Polesie). 1,000 trap-days were worked out and 190 animals of 6 species were caught. The common vole was dominant, the striped field mouse was the subdominant. The total infection of rodents with helminths was 76.8%. 24 species of helminths were found. The nematode Syphacia nigeriana Baylis, 1928 more often invaded common and root voles, the nematode Heligmosomoides polygyrus (Dujardin, 1845) - stripped field and yellow-necked mice, the nematode Heligmosomum mixtum Schulz, 1954 - red-backed voles. The trematode Psilotrema spiculigerum (Muhling, 1898) (host: common vole) and the acanthocephalan Moniliformis moniliformis (Bremser, 1811) (host: striped field mouse) were not previously recorded in small rodents on channel banks. Four species of helminths have medical and veterinary significance.
EFFECT OF ZINC CHLORIDE ON INSULIN FIBRILLATION
Authors:   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University, Sagan V. V. , Bogdanova N. V. ,   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University
Published: June 2022

The influence of temperature and mechanical factors on insulin fibril formation was revealed. It was found that during the incubation of insulin for 30 hours, the concentration of fibrils increases compared to the control. It was shown that the incubation of insulin with zinc chloride led to a decrease in insulin fibril formation.
NFLUENCE OF ACID-BASE PROPERTIES OF THE ENVIRONMENT ON THE SPECTRAL AND LUMINESCENT PROPERTIES OF SOME CYCLIC DIKETONES AND TRIKETONES IN SOLUTIONS
Authors:   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University, Pyrko A. N. , Bondarev S. L. ,   B.I. Stepanov Institute of Physics of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Raichenok T. F. ,   B.I. Stepanov Institute of Physics of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Pilipovich A. S. ,   B.I. Stepanov Institute of Physics of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus
Published: June 2022

The spectral and luminescent properties of trans-2-(4’-dimethylaminebenzylideneacetyl)-5,5-dimethylcyclohexane-1,3-dione and 10-hydroxy-3,3,6,6,9-pentamethyl-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10-decahydroacridine-1,8-dione have been studied depending on the acid-base properties of the medium. It has been shown that the first compound can exist in the form of three different structural forms, while the second compound exhibits dual fluorescence in solvents with a high basicity parameter. These properties of chromophores can be used in chemical analysis to indicate the acid-base equilibrium of the medium.
ANTHROPOGENIC AIR POLLUTION WITH BENZENE, TOLUENE AND XYLOL IN THE CITIES OF BELARUS
Authors:   National Ozone Monitoring Research Centre of the Belarusian State University, Liudchik A. M. , Melnik E. A. ,   Republican Сenter for Hydrometeorology Control of Radioactive Contamination  ntal Monitoring, Paulenka P. N. ,   Belarusian National Technical University, Sychevsky A. O. ,   Belarusian State University
Published: June 2022

Data on the seasonal concentrations of benzene, toluene and xylene in the air of the regional centers of Belarus are presented for different years. Concentrations of anthropogenic pollutants are usually minimal in the summer and maximal in winter, which is due to seasonal changes of the state of the atmosphere.
USAGE OF VERTICAL GARDENING IN EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS AS A NEW METHOD OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPROVEMENT FOR STUDENTS
Authors:   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University, Chernetskaya A. G. , Strigelskaya N. P. ,   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University, Alexeichik E. V. ,   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University, Skrunda T. V. ,   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University
Published: June 2022

The article shows the relevance of vertical gardening usage in educational institutions as the effectiveness of pedagogical processes mainly depends on the created environment which is considered as one of development factors of a child’s personality. Significant component of a developing environment is a well-maintained and well-designed area of an institution which has both aesthetic aspects of environmental education and the opportunity for students to develop. Thus, landscaping solves the tasks of aesthetic, intelligent, moral and physical education of children through acquaintance with surrounding flora.