bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DETERMINAÇÃO DA MATERNIDADE NA GESTAÇÃO POR SUBSTITUIÇÃO
Authors: Pereira Dias Maxuel , Rodrigues de Oliveira Kênia
Published: July 2020

O presente artigo trata da aferição da maternidade nos casos de gestação em útero alheio. No Brasil vigora a presunção de que a maternidade é certa, sendo indicada através de sinais externos, como a gravidez e o parto. Ocorre que na gravidez por substituição a parturiente, não necessariamente será a mãe. Assim, inquire-se como é determinada a maternidade na gestação em útero alheio, se no Brasil vigora a presunção de maternidade pelo parto? Quanto aos objetivos, busca-se traçar um panorama a respeito das técnicas de reprodução assistidas, enfatizando o tratamento legal de tais procedimentos. Após, almeja-se explicar a técnica da gestação em útero alheio, analisando sua legitimidade diante da atual sistemática constitucional brasileira. Por fim, procura-se a compreensão de como se dá a aferição da maternidade na gestação por substituição, explicitando as posições em diferentes sentidos. A metodologia de pesquisa será a vertente jurídico-sociológica, servindo-se do raciocínio dialético, através do procedimento de teses e antíteses, visando chegar à síntese que será a resposta para o problema jurídico. Quanto aos resultados alcançados, percebeu-se que prevalece o entendimento de que a aferição da maternidade nos casos de maternidade por substituição deve ser conferida para quem for o detentor do projeto parental, havendo relativização da presunção de maternidade. No entanto, a falta de uma norma específica para tal situação acarreta considerável insegurança jurídica.
PROGRAMA DE COMPLIANCE E A LEI ANTICORRUPÇÃO ATUANDO NA RESPONSABILIDADE DE PESSOAS JURIDICAS
Authors: Pereira da Silva Kaliny Katlin , Sales Queiroz de Lima Sibéria
Published: July 2020

No Brasil, de modo recente, emerge uma problemática, muito enraizada no país, a corrupção. Casos que envolvem escândalos de fraude e corrupção em instituições públicas e privadas têm sido noticiados destacando frequentemente os casos de desvio de verbas públicas. Diante, dessa realidade, foram desenvolvidas diversas operações de investigação, sendo que a mais conhecida a Operação Lava Jato. Em momento anterior referida operação, entrou em vigor a Lei Anticorrupção, um dispositivo legislativo que apresenta como objetivo punir atos ilícitos contra a administração pública, nos quais organizações serão responsabilizadas por práticas de lesão à administração pública nacional ou estrangeira. A lei foi regulamentada pelo Decreto nº 8.420/2015, que também regulamentou as regras para o acordo de Leniência. Cujo objetivo é compreender o programa de compliance na determinação da responsabilidade de pessoas jurídica no que tange a lei anticorrupção. A partir da pesquisa bibliográfica, descritiva e analítica, o artigo explanara um breve contexto histórico, e a relação do compliance com a Lei Anticorrupção. No que tange a lei anticorrupção, de que forma o programa de compliance pode ajudar na determinação de responsabilidade de pessoas jurídicas. Na presente pesquisa, observou se que a Lei Anticorrupção incentiva às empresas a adotarem procedimentos internos de controle. A lei garante que as empresas que incluírem o programa de Compliance em sua organização interna, ainda que, não consigam evitar que ocorram atos ilícitos, terão a tratamento diferenciado e punição atenuada. Diante dessa realidade, este trabalho buscou verificar como o Programa de Compliance, ajudará no controle interno das empresas.
DEVELOPMENT AND CRITICS OF EFFECTIVENESS PRINCIPLE IN EU INTERNATIONAL PRIVATE LAW
Authors: Liakopoulos Dimitris
Published: July 2020

O presente trabalho tenta apresentar algumas idéias e reflexões importantes sobre o princípio da eficácia no direito da UE, de acordo com o Tribunal de Justiça da União Europeia (TJUE). Também esclarece as dificuldades e o impacto da eficácia no direito internacional privado. Também é analisado através da Carta dos Direitos Fundamentais da União Europeia e do art. 47 como uma ferramenta de acesso à justiça, proteção judicial e eficácia de todo o sistema da União e, especialmente, o método usado é comparativo-incluindo o direito internacional privado e o direito internacional e baseado na jurisprudência do TJUE e no princípio da efetividade do direito da União proteção judicial
Práticas educativas em museus da educação: algumas experiências
Authors: Muller Christine
Published: July 2020

Este trabalho faz parte da tese de doutorado defendida pela autora em junho de 2019. Aborda práticas educativas em museus da educação e pedagógicos, com foco nas interações que ocorrem no espaço do museu. Dentro deste enfoque foi formulado o seguinte problema: as propostas interativas das exposições museológicas têm realmente permitido o diálogo com as experiências do público? Segundo Wagensberg (2006), há três formas de promover a interatividade nas exposições. São elas a interatividade manual” (hands on), a interatividade mental (minds on) e a a interatividade cultural (heart on).  A pesquisa que se articula ao projeto “Preservação do Patrimônio Histórico Educativo”, sob a coordenação da Profa. Dra. Maria Cristina Menezes tem como objetivo apresentar e discutir algumas práticas educativas que estão sendo desenvolvidas no Memorial laboratório de estudos e pesquisas escolares da E.E. Carlos Gomes - Campinas-SP. Uma das escolas em que o projeto mencionado desenvolve pesquisas. Para essa investigação foram empregadas as pesquisas relacionadas à educação em museus articuladas a um referencial metodológico no qual se busca, na bibliografia sobre museologia crítica e educação patrimonial. Com o objetivo de justificar a metodologia que norteou o presente trabalho foi implementada uma proposta/vivência, junto às 3 turmas de 6º ano, da Escola Estadual Carlos Gomes, Campinas-SP, denominada Sensibilização e Visita ao Memorial da Escola Estadual Carlos Gomes.
O programa nuclear iraniano e o regime de não-proliferação: dilemas para o futuro
Authors: Gontijo Raquel , Januário Luiza Elena
Published: July 2020

O programa nuclear iraniano causa receios e inquietações há tempos, existindo suspeitas de que o país almeje a utilização da energia nuclear para fins militares, tornando-se uma potência nuclear ilegítima. Décadas de sanções e iniciativas de negociação não têm alcançado resultados satisfatórios.  O presente artigo visa analisar o atual quadro da questão nuclear iraniana, argumentando que reflete controvérsias e dificuldades intrínsecas do regime de não proliferação nuclear.
Surgical Algorithm for Obstructive Sleep Apnea: An Update
Authors: Liu Stanley Yung-Chuan , Riley Robert Wayne , Yu Myeong Sang
Published: July 2020

Sleep surgery is part of a continuum of care for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) that involves medical, pharmacologic, and behavioral therapy. Upper airway surgery for OSA can significantly improve stability by way of modulating the critical negative closing pressure. This is the same mechanism of action as positive airway pressure or oral appliance therapy. The updated surgical algorithm in this review adds precision in three areas: patient selection, identification of previously unaddressed anatomic phenotypes with associated treatment modality, and improved techniques of previously established procedures. While the original Riley and Powell phase 1 and 2 approach to sleep surgery has focused on individual surgical success rate, this algorithm strives for an overall treatment success with multi-modal and patient-centric treatments.
Team Approach: Management of Brachial Plexus Birth Injury
Authors: Schmieg Sandra , Nguyen Jie C. , Pehnke Meagan , Yum Sabrina W. , Shah Apurva S.
Published: July 2020

» Brachial plexus birth injury is an upper-extremity paralysis that occurs from a traction injury to the brachial plexus during birth. Approximately 10% to 30% of children with a brachial plexus birth injury have residual neurologic deficits with associated impact on upper-limb function.

» Management of brachial plexus birth injuries with a multidisciplinary team allows optimization of functional recovery while avoiding unnecessary intervention. Early occupational therapy should be initiated with a focus on range of motion and motor learning.

» The need for microsurgical reconstruction of the brachial plexus can be predicted based on early physical examination findings, and reconstruction is generally performed at 3 to 9 months of age.

» The majority of children with residual neurologic deficits develop associated glenohumeral dysplasia. These children may require secondary procedures, including botulinum toxin injection, subscapularis and pectoralis lengthening, shoulder capsular release, shoulder tendon transfer, and humeral osteotomy.
Aves del departamento del Valle del Cauca, Colombia
Authors: Cárdenas Giovanni , Ramírez-Mosquera Diana , Eusse-González Diana , Fierro-Calderón Eliana , Vidal-Astudillo Viviana , Estela Felipe A.
Published: July 2020

La avifauna del departamento del Valle del Cauca, Colombia, ha sido uno de los grupos biológicos mejor estudiados en Colombia desde finales del siglo XIX. Producto de estos ejercicios de compilación de información, los estimados de la riqueza de especies varían entre 818 y 1025 especies. Recopilamos información de registros de aves de diferentes fuentes y obtuvimos un listado de 989 especies de aves confirmadas para el departamento y 13 especies que fueron catalogadas como potencialmente presentes. Documentamos ocho especies introducidas que no tienen registros publicados o son anecdóticos en Colombia. Futuras expediciones o investigaciones deberían enfocarse en llenar los vacíos de información de aves que se concentran en el cañón del río Garrapatas, y el área al sur de Buenaventura y la cordillera Central.
Rasgos funcionales de plantas leñosas en áreas verdes de Bogotá, Colombia
Authors: Rodríguez-Alarcón Slendy Julieth , Pinzón-Pérez Luisa , López Cruz José , Cabrera Amaya Diego
Published: July 2020

Los rasgos funcionales de plantas pueden utilizarse para examinar estrategias en el uso de recursos, y proporcionan información sobre respuestas de las especies a condiciones ambientales y su incidencia en el funcionamiento del ecosistema. Debido a la gran variedad de plantas, las bases de datos de rasgos aún presentan vacíos de información. Proporcionamos una base de datos de rasgos funcionales de plantas maderables nativas y exóticas de áreas verdes de Bogotá, Colombia. Se incluyen cinco rasgos funcionales (densidad de la madera, altura máxima, área foliar, área foliar específica y contenido foliar de materia seca) de 508 individuos pertenecientes a 101 especies, distribuidas en 44 familias taxonómicas. La medición de rasgos funcionales se realizó en las especies arbóreas y arbustivas más abundantes determinadas de la base de datos del Arbolado Urbano de Bogotá (SIGAU), y del muestreo de vegetación en microcuencas rurales y en la Reserva Forestal Protectora Bosque Oriental de Bogotá. Este muestreo utilizó parcelas de 50 m2 (arbustales) y 100 m2 (bosques nativos y plantaciones forestales). La base de datos presentada incluye 3556 registros de rasgos de 68 especies nativas y 33 exóticas, información que permitirá comparar resultados de otros estudios y optimizar recursos, por su facilidad de acceso; también complementa bases nacionales y mundiales de rasgos funcionales, herramientas importantes en estudios ecológicos.
Aplikasi Ekstrak Daun Zaitun (Olea Europaea L.) dalam Pengemasan Vakum untuk Mencegah Pencoklatan pada Buah Salak
Authors: Al-Baarri Ahmad Nimatullah , Rizqiati Heni , Zulkharisma Mochammad Dicky , Legowo Anang Mohamad , Mawarid Ailsa Afra , Pangestika Widia , Hadipernata Mulyana , Broto Wisnu
Published: July 2020

Pencoklatan pada buah salak disebabkan oleh aktivitas enzim polifenol oksidase (PPO) yang bereaksi dengan oksigen menghasilkan o-kuinon yang membuat warna menjadi coklat, oleh karena itu adanya penghambatan kerja enzim PPO, dapat mencegah terjadinya warna coklat pada buah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh aplikasi rebusan daun zaitun dalam rangka untuk mencegah terjadinya warna coklat yang dianalisis berdasarkan pada parameter penyertanya, yaitu warna, pH, gula terlarut, dan konduktivitas pada buah salak. Daun zaitun kering dilarutkan dalam air yang kemudian dimasukkan ke dalam wadah plastik berisi potongan salak. Sebagai kontrol, potongan salak disimpan dengan dan tanpa aquades. Pengamatan terhadap salak dilakukan sebanyak 7 kali selama 9 hari pada suhu kamar. Berdasarkan parameter warna, perlakuan zaitun mampu menahan warna lebih baik sebesar 28,17% pada nilai L*, 53,68% pada nilai a*, dan 27,19% pada nilai b*. pH salak dengan perlakuan zaitun dapat dijaga sehingga kenaikannya hanya sebesar 3,8% dan nilai konduktivitas hanya meningkat sebesar 18,5%. Pada parameter gula terlarut, perlakuan dengan zaitun dapat mempertahankan perubahannya sampai sebesar 4,29%. Kesimpulannya, perlakuan penambahan daun zaitun lebih baik dalam mempertahankan warna, derajat keasaman, konduktivitas dan gula terlarut pada buah salak daripada perlakuan dengan dan tanpa penambahan aquades.

 

Application of Olive Leaves Extract (Olea europaea L.) in Vacuum Packaging to Prevent Browning on Salacca Fruit

Browning occurs due to the activity of the polyphenol oxidase (PPO) enzyme that reacts with oxygen to produce O-quinone which causes the forming of brown color on fruit. One of the methods in preventing browning is the addition of antioxidant compounds from olive leaf. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of addition olive leaf extract in the properties of color, pH, dissolved sugar, and conductivity in snake fruit with storage at room temperature. The snake fruit was cut into 1 g in size then was set with olive leaves extract in vacuum plastic container. The treatment was repeated 7 times and the storage was conducted for 9 days in room temperature. The contact with and without aquadest was also observed as control. The results indicated that the olive leaf treatment was able to hinder color changes by 28.17% in L*, while in a* and b* could be suppressed by 53.68 and 27.19%, respectively. On the pH, the increase could be suppressed by 3.8%, while on the conductivity and dissolved sugar could be inhibited by 18.5 and 4.29%, respectively. As conclusions, the addition of olive leaf was provided better effect to maintain the color, pH, conductivity, and dissolved sugar in snake fruit than those of with and without aquadest.
¿Perdidos o salvados? El futuro del trabajo frente a la cuarta Revolución Industrial
Authors: Rubbi Lautaro  N. , Barlaro Rovati Bruna , Petraglia Axel
Published: July 2020

El presente análisis tiene por objetivo indagar sobre el interrogante de los empleos que se perderán y ganarán en el futuro de mediano plazo a causa de la robotización y la automatización de funciones laborales, propias de la cuarta Revolución Industrial. Con este fin, analizamos en profundidad diversos textos académicos, además de políticas públicas de distintos países del mundo y documentos emitidos por compañías multinacionales y grupos gremiales y sindicales, que abordan distintos marcos temporales y espaciales en sus predicciones. Existe amplia variabilidad y polarización de conclusiones entre los autores, que no presentan consenso respecto de si habrá ganancia o pérdida neta de puestos de trabajo en términos absolutos. Sin embargo, se pueden advertir tres consensos básicos: 1) los países y sectores más vulnerables son aquellos que dependen de empleos repetitivos y no creativos; además, se verán afectados fundamentalmente los países emergentes o en desarrollo; 2) se espera una elevada fragmentación social con concentración de puestos de trabajo en los dos extremos de la escala de salarios y de exigencias cognitivas; y 3) la educación se presenta, hoy más que nunca, como el factor clave para elevar los niveles de vida, a nivel individual y social.
Los retos en investigación, comunicación y educación de los museos de Lima en el marco de la COVID-19. Una discusión sobre los desafíos del futuro a partir de su situación actual y de las experiencias del MALI y el MUCEN
Authors: Delgado Pacheco Sissy
Published: July 2020

El 90% de los aproximadamente 60 000 museos que existen en el mundo han cerrado total o parcialmente debido a la COVID-19. En este nuevo contexto uno de los principales retos de los museos es el mantenimiento del compromiso con su público. El estudio busca identificar evidencias que demuestren cuán preparados estaban los museos en la ciudad de Lima para enfrentar un nuevo contexto como la COVID-19 y cuáles son las recomendaciones que podrían seguir en materia de investigación, comunicación y educación.

Para ello, a través de un estudio exploratorio de análisis del discurso se identificó una lista de recomendaciones agrupadas por tres categorías: manejo de colecciones en línea, visitas virtuales y uso de las redes sociales como espacios de aprendizaje. Esta investigación demuestra que los museos que realizaron estrategias relacionadas con las funciones de investigación, comunicación y educación, así como en el uso de tecnologías de información y comunicación, enfrentarán este nuevo contexto con mayores alternativas de distribución de contenidos hacia sus públicos.

Se afirma, entonces, que en este nuevo contexto los museos se convierten en entidades omnipresentes y tienen como reto convertirse en entes vivos, articulados e involucrados con su comunidad digital. Los retos más resaltantes son poner a disposición sus colecciones digitales y acortar las brechas de iniciativas orientadas a la educación. Por último, se identificaron cinco problemas que no permitirán el avance de las recomendaciones señaladas: la falta de estudio de sus públicos, la falta de sostenibilidad financiera, las mínimas estrategias de inclusión, la nueva capacitación de sus colaboradores y la falta de trabajo articulado con otras instituciones.
Common bean resistance to Xanthomonas is associated with upregulation of the salicylic acid pathway and downregulation of photosynthesis.
Authors: Foucher Justine , Ruh Mylène , Préveaux Anne , Carrère Sébastien , Pelletier Sandra , Briand Martial , Serre Rémy-Félix , Jacques Marie-Agnès , Chen Nicolas W.G.
Published: July 2020

Background: Common bacterial blight (CBB) caused by Xanthomonas phaseoli pv. phaseoli and Xanthomonas citri pv. fuscans is one of the major threats to common bean crops (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Resistance to CBB is particularly complex as 26 quantitative resistance loci to CBB have been described so far. To date, transcriptomic studies after CBB infection have been very scarce and the molecular mechanisms underlying susceptibility or resistance are largely unknown. Results: We sequenced and annotated the genomes of two common bean genotypes being either resistant (BAT93) or susceptible (JaloEEP558) to CBB. Reciprocal BLASTp analysis led to a list of 20,787 homologs between these genotypes and the common bean reference genome (G19833), which provides a solid dataset for further comparative analyses. RNA-Seq after inoculation with X. phaseoli pv. phaseoli showed that the susceptible genotype initiated a more intense and diverse biological response than the resistant genotype. Resistance was linked to upregulation of the salicylic acid pathway and downregulation of photosynthesis and sugar metabolism, while susceptibility was linked to downregulation of resistance genes and upregulation of the ethylene pathway and of genes involved in cell wall modification. Conclusions: This study helps better understanding the mechanisms occurring during the early colonization phase of common bean by Xanthomonas and unveils new actors potentially important for resistance and susceptibility to CBB. We discuss the potential link between the pathways induced during bean colonization and genes induced by transcription activator-like effectors (TALEs), as illustrated in other Xanthomonas pathovars.
Circ_0000190 favors gastric cancer patients potentially via inhibiting miR-1252/PAK3 pathway
Authors: Wang Gui Jun , Yu Tian Yu , Li Yan Rong , Liu Yang Jun , Deng Bei-Bei
Published: July 2020

Background: Gastric cancer is a serious malignant tumor associated with aberrant circular RNAs (circRNAs) expression. In this study, we aim to investigate the role and the underlying mechanism of circ_0000190, a circRNA in gastric cancer.Methods: Circ_0000190 expression in vivo was examined in gastric cancer and adjacent normal tissues by RT-PCR. Circ_0000190 expression in gastric cancer cell lines was detected by FISH and RT-PCR. The role of the circRNA in gastric cancer cells was assessed by the analysis of cell viability, apoptosis, proliferation, cell cycle and migration. The potential effector of circ_0000190 was predicted by computational screen and validated by luciferase reporter assay. Furthermore, Mice model of human gastric cancer: was established to observe the underlying mechanisms of circ_0000190.Results: Circ_0000190 was down-regulated in gastric cancer tissues and cells, with a major location in cytoplasm. Circ_0000190 inhibited gastric cancer cell viability, proliferation and migration, and induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest by regulating the expression of capase-3, p27 and cyclin D. In addition, the circRNA was validated as a sponge of miR-1252, which directly targeted PAK3. The effects of circ_0000190 on the cellular processes were blocked by miR-1252 mimics, which could be rescued after further overexpression of PAK3.Conclusions: Circ_0000190 suppresses gastric cancer progression potentially via inhibiting miR-1252/PAK3 pathway, employing circ_0000190 might be a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of gastric cancer.
Assessment on Awareness Towards Preventive Measures of COVID-19 in Sheka, South Nation Nationalities and Peoples of Region, Southwestern Ethiopia: Community Based Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Gelaw Assaye Belay , Andargie Solomon Abebaw
Published: July 2020

Background: The coronavirus disease2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and it is the most important public health problem worldwide. A critical element in tackling the COVID-19 crisis is personal behavioral change. However, there is a paucity of evidence that shows peoples ‘on awareness towards COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, this study aimed to assess the awareness level towards COVID-19 in Sheka, South nation nationalities, and peoples of the region (SNNPR), Southwestern Ethiopia.Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was employed 10th to 21th of April 2020. A total of 419, study participants included in this study. Both univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses used to identify significant factors of awareness level. Variables with p-value<0.05 were considered significant influences of the awareness.Results: Of all respondents in the study, nearly half(49.4 %) of participants had an awareness of COVID-19.Sex, education level, religion, symptom, and knowing prevention methods were factors significantly associated with an understanding of COVID-19. Respondents who know all prevention methods (AOR: 8.1, 95%CI: 1.3-51.9) are more likely to aware of COVID-19 than its counterpart.Conclusion: In this study, a low awareness level towards COVID-19 observed, and programs to improve awareness towards COVID-19 are essential to prevent and control the pandemic.
Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of WRKY Gene Family in Camelina Sativa
Authors: Song Yanan , Cui Hongli , Shi Ying , Xue Jinai , Ji Chunli , Zhang Chunhui , Li Runzhi
Published: July 2020

Background: WRKY gene family is one of the largest transcription factor families and WRKY proteins (WRKYs) have the complex biological functions to regulate plant metabolic processes. Although the WRKY genes were identified in many species and the functions were verified, there were no reports of Camelina sativa WRKY genes.Results: In this investigation, a total of 202 CsWRKY genes were identified and encoded 242 CsWRKYs. The CsWRKYs were further classified into three major groups according to their structure and phylogeny. The comprehensive analysis showed the characteristic sequences of CsWRKYs were conserved in the evolutionary process. In addition, the 137 segmental duplication events were the major force to expand the CsWRKY members in evolution. Compared with other reported plant species, CsWRKYs family as the largest WRKY gene family had maximum members. Furthermore, expression profiling indicated that different CsWRKY members exhibited differently in shoots and roots, and some CsWRKY genes were also up-regulated to varying degrees under salt stress in shoots.Conclusions: In this research, a detailed overview of CsWRKY family genes and expression patterns offered precious information for understanding the potential evolutionary process and the biological functions of CsWRKY genes, which was useful for the further characteristic research of CsWRKY genes and the development of high-quality Camelina sativa varieties.
Deep learning of stochastic contagion dynamics on complex networks
Authors: Murphy Charles , Laurence Edward , Allard Antoine
Published: July 2020

Forecasting the evolution of contagion dynamics is still an open problem to which mechanistic models only offer a partial answer. To remain mathematically and/or computationally tractable, these models must rely on simplifying assumptions, thereby limiting the quantitative accuracy of their predictions and the complexity of the dynamics they can model. Here, we propose a complementary approach based on deep learning where the effective local mechanisms governing a dynamic are learned automatically from time series data. Our graph neural network architecture makes very few assumptions about the dynamics, and we demonstrate its accuracy using stochastic contagion dynamics of increasing complexity on static and temporal networks. By allowing simulations on arbitrary network structures, our approach makes it possible to explore the properties of the learned dynamics beyond the training data. Our results demonstrate how deep learning offers a new and complementary perspective to build effective models of contagion dynamics on networks.
Operation Optimization of Integrated Energy Systems Based on Heat Storage Characteristics of Heating Network
Authors: PAN Ersheng , LI Hui , WANG Zhidong , PENG Dong , ZHAO Lang , WANG Yongli , Huang Feifei , MA Yang
Published: July 2020

Background With the rapid development of multi-energy technology and the wide application of electric-heat integrated energy system (IES), multi-energy network optimization has become an important research direction of multi-energy joint supply in recent years.Compared with electric energy, heat energy has the characteristics of delay in transmission time and fuzzy body temperature, which makes the heating system more flexible to participate in IES. Methods An operation optimization model for the electric-heat IES that takes into account the heat storage characteristics of the heating network is proposed to address the operation cost of the electric-heat IES. Firstly, the virtual energy storage characteristics of the heating network are proposed based on the characteristics of the transmission time delay of the heat system and the somatic blurring of user temperature. Then, the model of the dynamic transfer of energy in the heat system was built. Based on this, an operation optimization model of the electric-heat IES is established. And the Monte Carlo Simulation embedded Quantum Particle Swarm Optimization (MCS-QPSO) algorithm is proposed to solve the model. Results This paper takes a park in Northwest China as a simulation case to prove the effectiveness of the model. The analysis of the case shows that the model can optimize the output of energy supply equipment, so that the output equipment can maintain high efficiency. The mode changes the energy purchase strategy according to the price change of different energy. The results show that the proposed model can effectively utilize the virtual energy storage characteristics of the heating network to achieve energy transfer across time, thus reducing the operation cost of the IES. Conclusions In this paper, the operation optimization model of the electric heating IES is established based on the incubation period of the heating network and the virtual energy storage characteristics. The model can not only achieve the coordination and complementarity between the electric and thermal systems in time and space, but also improve the energy efficiency and reduce operation cost of the system.
Association Between Functional Disability and Depressive Symptoms Among Older Adults in Rural China: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Rong Jian , Ge Yanhong , Wang Xueqin , Chen Guimei , Ding Hong
Published: July 2020

Background: The association between functional disability and depressive symptoms among elderly people in rural China is not clear. This study explored the relationship between functional disability and depressive symptoms, focusing on whether an interactive association between functional disability, demographic characteristics and depressive symptoms exists among older adults in rural Anhui, China.Methods: A cross-sectional survey study was conducted with multi-stage stratified random sampling. The 30-item Geriatric Depression Scale and WHO Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 were used to evaluate depressive symptoms and functional disability, respectively. The data were analyzed using SPSS statistics 25.0 program with chi-square test, Mann-Whitney U test, binary logistic regression analysis, and classification and regression tree model.Results: The prevalence of depressive symptoms in 3336 older people was 52.94%. After adjustment, subjects who had problems in participation (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]=3.499, 95% confidence interval [CI]:2.385-4.987), life activities (AOR=1.683, 95% CI: 1.370-2.066), getting along (AOR=1.616, 95% CI: 1.299-2.010), and mobility (AOR=1.842, 95% CI: 1.503-2.258) had an increased depressive symptoms risk. However, cognition (AOR=0.785, 95% CI: 0.647-0.953) negatively correlated with depressive symptoms. Additionally, the interactive association between functional disability dimensions, various variables and depressive symptoms were identified for the first time. Those who had problems in mobility, getting along and were unemployed, the possibility of having depressive symptoms was the highest.Conclusions: Special attention should be paid to unemployed older adults, and those with problems in participation, life activities, getting along, and mobility and no problems in cognition to maintain a good psychological state. Our findings may be greatly significant for developing more targeted and effective mental health prevention and intervention measures for older adults in rural areas.
Comprehensive Analysis of NAC Transcription Factor Family in Pearl Millet Uncovers Drought and Salinity Stress Responsive NAC in Pearl Millet (Pennisetum Glaucum)
Authors: Dudhate Ambika , Shinde Harshraj , Yu Pei , Tsugama Daisuke , Gupta Shashi Kumar , Liu Shenkui , Takano Tetsuo
Published: July 2020

Background: Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) is a cereal crop that possesses the ability to withstand drought, salinity and high temperature stresses. The NAC [NAM (No Apical Meristem), ATAF1 and (Arabidopsis thaliana Activation Factor 1), and CUC2 (Cup-shaped Cotyledon)] transcription factor family is one of the largest transcription factor families in plants. NAC family members are known to regulate plant growth and abiotic stress tolerance. Currently, no reports are available on the functions of the NAC family in pearl millet. Results: Our genome-wide analysis found 151 NAC transcription factor genes (PgNACs) in the pearl millet genome. Phylogenetic analysis divided these NAC transcription factors into 11 groups (A-K). Three PgNACs (-073, -29, and -151) were found to be membrane-associated transcription factors (MTF). Seventeen other conserved motifs were found in PgNACs. Based on the similarity of PgNACs to NAC proteins in other species, the functions of PgNACs were predicted. In total, 88 microRNA target sites were predicted in 59 PgNACs. A previously performed transcriptome analysis suggests that the expression of 30 and 42 PgNACs are affected by salinity stress and drought stress, respectively. The expression of 36 randomly selected PgNACs was examined by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR. Many of these genes showed diverse salt- and drought-responsive expression patterns in roots and leaves. These results confirm that PgNACs are potentially involved in regulating abiotic stress tolerance in pearl millet.Conclusion: The pearl millet genome contains 151 NAC transcription factor genes that can be classified into 11 groups. Many of these genes are either upregulated or downregulated by either salinity or drought stress and may therefore contribute to establishing stress tolerance in pearl millet.
Remarkable Shift In Structural And Functional Properties of An Animal Charcoal Polluted Soil Accentuated By Inorganic Nutrients Amendment
Authors: Salam Lateef , Obayori Oluwafemi S.
Published: July 2020

The effects of carbon-free mineral medium (CFMM) amendment on hydrocarbon degradation and microbial community structure and function in an animal charcoal polluted soil was monitored for six weeks in field moist microcosms consisting of CFMM treated soil (FN4) and an untreated control (FN1). Gas chromatographic analysis of hydrocarbon fractions revealed the removal 84.02% and 82.38% and 70.09% and 70.14% aliphatic and aromatic fractions in FN4 and FN1 microcosms in 42 days. Shotgun metagenomic analysis of the two metagenomes revealed a remarkable shift in the microbial community structure of FN4 metagenome with 92.97% of the population belonging to the phylum Firmicutes and its dominant representative genera Anoxybacillus (64.58%), Bacillus (21.47%) and Solibacillus (2.39%). In untreated FN1 metagenome, the phyla Proteobacteria (56.12%), Actinobacteria (23.79%), Firmicutes (11.20%); and the genera Xanthobacter (9.73%), Rhizobium (7.49%) and Corynebacterium (7.35%) were preponderant. Functional annotation of putative ORFs from the two metagenomes revealed the detection of degradation genes for benzoate (pcaD, mhpF, aliB, benD-xylL, benC-xylZ, badH, had, dmpD, ligC, CMLE, pcaL, acd), xylene (mhpF, benD-xylL, benC-xylZ, dmpD, cymB, cmtB), chlorocyclohexane/chlorobenzene (dehH, dhaA, linC, linX, pcpC), toluene (bbsG, bbsC, bbsD, tsaC1), and several others in FN1 metagenome. In FN4 metagenome, only seven hydrocarbon degradation genes namely dmpH, mhpD, bphH, nemA and three others were detected. This study has revealed that CFMM amendment negatively impacts the structural and functional properties of the animal charcoal polluted soil. It also revealed that intrinsic bioremediation of the polluted soil could be enhanced via addition of water and aeration.
WITHDRAWN: PYCR1 Promotes Proliferation, Invasion and Drug-Resistance of Lung Cancer Cells by Regulating STAT3-Mediated PI3K/AKT and NF-κB Signaling Pathway
Authors: Yu Zhanwu , Wang Gebang , Zhang Chenlei , Liu Yu , Chen Wei , Wang Haoyou , Liu Hongxu
Published: July 2020

Background: Aberrant expression of PYCR1 has been proved to be one of the most pivotal regulators of tumor progress and metastasis. However, the detailed role of PYCR1 in promotion of NSCLC progress is not investigated thoroughly. The present study was aimed to thoroughly investigate the effect of PYCR1 in the growth of NSCLC and the underlying mechanisms, so that provide valuable theoretical basis for efficient treatment of NSCLC. Methods: The expressions of PYCR1 and its target genes and downstream signals were respectively determined by Western-blot assay and RT-qPCR experiment. Cell growth of NSCLC cells was investigated using the CCK-8 kit while the proliferation assay was performed with the help of EDU staining. The NSCLC-bearing mice mode was established to evaluate the effect of PYCR1 on the progress of NSCLC and the underlying mechanisms in vivo.Results: It was firstly demonstrated that the PYCR1 was overexpressed in lung cancer tissues and cells and overexpression of PYCR1 contributed to significantly enhanced proliferation, invasion, and drug-resistance of cancer cells and progress of NSCLC tissues. Further studies revealed that up-regulation of PYCR1 level resulted to the elevation of bioactivity of STAT3. Additionally, the positive correlation between the expression of PYCR1 and STAT3 indicated that the PYCR1 promotes the growth of NSCLC through targeting regulation the STAT3 levels. Furthermore, activation of STAT3 by PYCR1 was proved to be able of awaking the PI3K/AKT and NF-κB signaling pathway, which was extremely important to the metabolism, proliferation, cell survival, and growth of many cancer cell types.Conclusion: In conclusion, our study demonstrated that PYCR1 was specifically overexpressed in lung cancer and closely related to rapid progress and drug-resistance thorough regulating the STAT3-mediated PI3K/AKT and NF-κB signaling pathway. It may provide a valuable strategy for treatment of malignant lung cancer.
C1q/TNF-Related Protein-9 Attenuates Palmitic Acid-Induced Endothelial Cell Senescence via Increasing Autophagy
Authors: Lee Jiwoo , Yoo Jee Hee , Kim Hwi Seung , Cho Yun Kyung , Lee Yoo La , Lee Woo Je , Jung Chang Hee , Park Joong-Yeol
Published: July 2020

Background: Autophagy is an important process in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. C1q/tumor necrosis factor-related protein 9 (CTRP9) is the closest adiponectin paralog. CTRP9 has purported anti-aging and anti-atherogenic effects, but its roles in autophagy and endothelial senescence are unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether CTRP9 prevents palmitic acid (PA)-induced endothelial senescence by promoting autophagy.Methods: After no treatment or pre-treatment of human umbilical vein endothelial cells with CTRP9 prior to PA treatment, the level of senescence was measured by senescence associated acidic β-galactosidase staining and the level of hyperphosphorylated pRB protein. Autophagy was evaluated by LC3 conversion and the level of p62/SQSTM1, a protein degraded during autophagy. Autophagosome–lysosome fusion was detected by fluorescence microscopy.Results: Pre-treatment with CTRP9 attenuated PA-induced endothelial senescence. CTRP9 increased the conversion of LC3-I to LC3-II, and decreased the level of p62 in time- and dose-dependent manners. Although both CTRP9 and PA treatment increased the LC3 conversion, treatment of PA increased p62 and decreased the fusion of autophagosomes and lysosomes, which represented decreased autophagic flux. However, pre-treatment with CTRP9 recovered the autophagic flux inhibited by PA. AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) activation was involved in LC3 conversion and decreased p62 induced by CTRP9.Conclusion: CTRP9 inhibits PA-induced endothelial senescence by recovering autophagy and autophagic flux through AMPK activation.
NEMO-Binding Domain Peptide Ameliorates Alveolar Hypercoagulation and Fibrinolytic Inhibition in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome via NF-κB Signaling Pathway in Mice
Authors: WANG Yahui , WU Yanqi , LIU Bo , YANG Huilin , QIAN Hong , CHENG Yumei , LI Xiang , YANG Guixia , ZHENG Xinghao , shen Feng
Published: July 2020

Background It was confirmed that alveolar hypercoagulation and fibrinolytic inhibition were associated with refractory hypoxemia in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and NF-κB pathway was involved in this process. The purpose of the present study is to explore the effects and relevant mechanisms exerted by NEMO-binding domain peptide (NBDP) to alleviate alveolar hypercoagulation and fibrinolytic inhibition aroused by lipopolysaccharide in ARDS mice. Materials and Methods Adult male BALB/c mice inhaled lipopolysaccharide (LPS, mg/L) to induce ARDS. 30 minutes before LPS administration, we treated the mice with increasing concentrations of intratracheally inhaled NBDP or saline aerosol. Six hours after LPS treatment, bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (BALF) were collected and then all mice were executed. We checked coagulation and fibrinolysis associated factors in lung tissues and in BALF as well. We simultaneously observed the activation of NF-κB signaling pathway as well. Results NBDP pretreatment dose-dependently inhibited either the expressions of tissue factor (TF) and plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI) 1 in lung tissues or the secretions of TF, PAI-1, thrombin-antithrombin complex (TAT) and promoted activated protein C (APC) secretion in BALF induced by LPS. LPS-induced high expression of pulmonary procollagen peptide type Ⅲ (PⅢP) was also declined by NBDP pretreatment in dose-dependent manner. Western blotting showed that NBDP pretreatment obviously attenuated LPS-induced IKKα/β, Iκα and NF-κB p65 activation. LPS-induced p65 DNA binding activity was inhibited by NBDP pretreatment either. We also noticed NBDP protected mice against LPS-induced lung injury in a dose-dependent manner.Conclusions Our experimental findings demonstrate that NBDP dose-dependently ameliorated LPS-induced alveolar hypercoagulation and fibrinolytic inhibition through inhibiting NF-κB signaling pathway. NBDP is expected to be a new therapeutic target to correct the abnormalities of alveolar coagulation and fibrinolysis in ARDS.
Fabrication of Chitosan-Polyvinyl Alcohol and Silk Electrospun Fiber Seeded with Differentiated Keratinocyte for Skin Tissue Regeneration in Animal Wound Model
Authors: Fathi Afshin , Khanmohammadi Mehdi , Goodarzi Arash , Mobarakeh Zahra Taherian , Saremi Jamileh , Arabpour Zohre , Ai Jafar
Published: July 2020

Hybrid fibrous mat containing cell interactive molecules offers the ability to deliver the cells and drugs in wound bed, which will help to achieve a high therapeutic treatment. In this study, a co-electrospun hybrid of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), chitosan (Ch) and silk fibrous mat was developed and their wound healing potential by localizing bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-derived keratinocytes on it was evaluated in vitro and in vivo. The fabricated fibrous Ch-PVA + Silk hydrogels were characterized for their structural, mechanical and biochemical properties. The shape uniformity and pore size of fibers showed smooth and homogenous structures of them. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) verified all typical absorption characteristics of Ch-PVA + Silk polymers as well as Ch-PVA or pure PVA substrates. The contact angle and wettability measurement of fibers showed that mats found moderate hydrophilicity by addition of Ch and silk substrates compared with PVA alone. The mechanical features of Ch-PVA + Silk fibrous mats increase significantly through co-electrospun process as well as hybridization of these synthetic and natural polymers. Higher degrees of cellular attachment and proliferation obtained on Ch-PVA + Silk fibers compared with PVA and Ch-PVA fibers. In terms of the capability of Ch-PVA + Silk fibers and MSC-derived keratinocytes, histological analysis and skin regeneration results showed this novel fibrous construct could be suggested as a skin substitute in the repair of injured skin and regenerative medicine applications.
A Real-Time PCR Assay for Rapid Identification of Inducible and Acquired Clarithromycin Resistance in Mycobacterium Abscessus
Authors: Sharma Meenu Kaushal , La Yanni , Janella Debra , Soualhine Hafid
Published: July 2020

Background: Mycobacterium abscessus is a rapidly growing mycobacteria involved in severe infections of the lung, skin, or soft tissue. Macrolides such as clarithromycin are the recommended first line drugs for treatment of M. abscessus infections. However, M. abscessus has dual mechanisms of resistance to macrolides, making treatment by macrolides difficult. A functional erm(41) gene confers for inducible resistance while acquired mutations on the 23S rRNA rrl gene confer for constitutive resistance. Methods: We have developed a real-time PCR assay to detect both inducible and acquired resistance to clarithromycin, and compared the results to traditional erm(41) and rrl sequencing and phenotypic susceptibility testing using Sensititre™ plates. Results: Of the total 126 M. abscessus isolates tested, truncated erm(41) was found in 23/126 (18.3%) of the samples, 27/126 (21.4%) had a T28C mutation in erm(41), and 2/126 (1.6%) had an acquired A2058C mutation in rrl. The phenotypic results correlated with the expected sequencing results in 121/126 samples (96%). Phenotypic testing compared to real-time PCR resolved 2 of these discrepancies by showing the existence of both erm(41) alleles in the isolates that sequencing missed. One culture was found to be mixed with two M. abscessus subspecies as per hsp65 sequencing and 2 isolates had discordance between molecular and phenotypic results. It was presumed that 3 isolates showed discrepancy between sequencing and real-time PCR but one culture was mixed and other 2 detected both alleles by real-time PCR leading to 100% concordance when compared to sequencing. Conclusion: In conclusion, real-time PCR is more accurate for detection of both acquired and induced clarithromycin resistance, specifically when mixed genic profiles are present in a sample.
Artificial Intelligence-guided Prediction of Dental Dosesprior Toplanning of Head and Neck Radiotherapy: Technical Development and Pilot Study of Feasibility
Authors: Chan Jason W. , Hohenstein Nicole , Carpenter Colin , Pattison Adam J. , Morin Olivier , Valdes Gilmer , Thompson Maria , Perkins Jennifer , Solberg Timothy D. , Yom Sue S.
Published: July 2020

Background: The aim of this research was to develop a novel artificial intelligence (AI)-guided clinical decision support (CDS) system, to predict radiation doses to subsites of the mandibleusing diagnostic CT scans acquired before planning of head and neck radiotherapy (RT). Methods: A dose classifier was trained using RT plans from 86 oropharyngeal cancer patients; thetest set consisted of an additional 20 plans.The classifier was trained topredictwhether mandible subsites would receive a mean dose >50Gy.The AI predictionswere prospectively evaluated and compared to those of a specialist head and neck radiation oncologist for 9 patients.Positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and Lin's concordance correlation coefficient were calculated to compare the AIpredictions to those of the physician. Results: In the test dataset, the AIpredictions had a PPVof 0.95 and NPVof 0.88.For 9 patients evaluated prospectively, there was a strong correlation between the predictions of the AIalgorithm and physician (p = 0.72, p < 0.001).Comparing the AI algorithm versus the physician, the PPVs were 0.82 versus0.25, and the NPVs were 0.94versus 1.0,respectively.Concordance between physician estimatesand final planned doses was 0.62;this was 0.71 between AI-based estimates and final planned doses. Conclusions: An AI-guidedCDStool to predict dental dosimetry prior to head and neck RT was built, validated, and prospectively tested.AI-guided decision supportincreasedprecision and accuracy ofdental dose estimates and improved the quality of pre-RTdental assessment.