bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estimating the yield potential of short-rotation willow in Canada using the 3PG model
Authors: Jégo Guillaume , Thibodeau François , Morissette René , Crépeau Marianne , Claessens Annie , Savoie Philippe
Published: January 2017

The ability to predict short-rotation coppice (SRC) willow productivity for a given region would be very helpful for large-scale deployment of this crop. The objectives of this study were to calibrate and validate the 3PG model for two commonly used clones (SX64 and SX67) and to provide yield potential estimates for 16 sites across Canada. One dataset for each clone, including leaf area index (LAI) and stem biomass, was used for calibrating parameters controlling leaf and stem growth. All other datasets, coming from eight different willow plantations, were used for model validation. Model performance was good in predicting stem biomass for the SX64 (normalized mean error (NME) = –8%, normalized root mean square error (NRMSE) = 22%) and SX67 (NME = –3%, NRMSE = 16%) clones. Predictions were more scattered for LAI, with NRMSE close to 35% and 33% and NME of 1% and 8% for SX64 and SX67, respectively. The simulation results show that the greatest yields were obtained with the three-year rotation for the SX67 clone, whereas a two-year rotation seemed to be more appropriate for the SX64 clone. The simulation results also show that growing degree-days had a significant impact on yield potential, which varied from 10.5 to 16.5 t DM·ha−1 for SX64 and from 7.5 to 11.5 t DM·ha−1 for SX67.
Bacterial community composition and fermentation in the rumen of Xinjiang brown cattle (Bos taurus), Tarim red deer (Cervus elaphus yarkandensis), and Karakul sheep (Ovis aries)
Authors: Qian Wenxi , Li ZhiPeng , Ao Weiping , Zhao Guangyong , Li Guangyu , Wu JianPing
Published: January 2017

The rumen microbiota plays a major role in the metabolism and absorption of indigestible food sources. Xinjiang brown cattle (Bos taurus), Tarim red deer (Cervus elaphus yarkandensis), and Karakul sheep (Ovis aries) are important ruminant species for animal husbandry in the Tarim Basin. However, the microbiota and rumen fermentation of these animals are poorly understood. Here, we apply high-throughput sequencing to examine the bacterial community in the rumen of cattle, red deer, and sheep and measured rumen fermentation products. Overall, 548 218 high-quality sequences were obtained and then classified into 6034 operational taxonomic units. Prevotella spp., Succiniclasticum spp., and unclassified bacteria within the families Succinivibrionaceae, Lachnospiraceae, and Veillonellaceae were the dominant bacteria in the rumen across the 3 hosts. Principal coordinate analysis identified significant differences in the bacterial communities across the 3 hosts. Pseudobutyrivibrio spp., Oscillospira spp., and Prevotella spp. were more prevalent in the rumen of the cattle, red deer, and sheep, respectively. Among the 3 hosts, the red deer rumen had the greatest amounts of acetate and butyrate and the lowest pH value. These results showed that Prevotella spp. are the dominant bacteria in the rumen of the cattle, red deer, and sheep, providing new insight into the rumen fermentation of ruminants distributed in the Tarim Basin.
A cut-off tubular geometry of loop space
Authors: Mukhopadhyay Partha
Published: January 2017

Motivated by the computation of loop space quantum mechanics as indicated in [14], here we seek a better understanding of the tubular geometry of loop space [Formula: see text] corresponding to a Riemannian manifold [Formula: see text] around the submanifold of vanishing loops. Our approach is to first compute the tubular metric of [Formula: see text] around the diagonal submanifold, where [Formula: see text] is the Cartesian product of [Formula: see text] copies of [Formula: see text] with a cyclic ordering. This gives an infinite sequence of tubular metrics such that the one relevant to [Formula: see text] can be obtained by taking the limit [Formula: see text]. Such metrics are computed by adopting an indirect method where the general tubular expansion theorem of [21] is crucially used. We discuss how the complete reparametrization isometry of loop space arises in the large-[Formula: see text] limit and verify that the corresponding Killing equation is satisfied to all orders in tubular expansion. These tubular metrics can alternatively be interpreted as some natural Riemannian metrics on certain bundles of tangent spaces of [Formula: see text] which, for [Formula: see text], is the tangent bundle [Formula: see text].
Translating solitons foliated by spheres
Authors: Kim Daehwan , Pyo Juncheol
Published: January 2017

In this paper, we consider translating solitons in [Formula: see text] which is foliated by spheres. In three-dimensional Euclidean space, we show that such a translating soliton is a surface of revolution and the axis of revolution is parallel to the translating direction of the translating soliton. We also show that the same result holds for a higher dimension case with a hypersurface foliated by spheres in parallel hyperplanes that are perpendicular to the translating direction.
The center of the extended Haagerup subfactor has 22 simple objects
Authors: Morrison Scott , Walker Kevin
Published: January 2017

We explain a technique for discovering the number of simple objects in [Formula: see text], the center of a fusion category [Formula: see text], as well as the combinatorial data of the induction and restriction functors at the level of Grothendieck rings. The only input is the fusion ring [Formula: see text] and the dimension function [Formula: see text]. In particular, we apply this to deduce that the center of the extended Haagerup subfactor has 22 simple objects, along with their decompositions as objects in either of the fusion categories associated to the subfactor. This information has been used subsequently in [T. Gannon and S. Morrison, Modular data for the extended Haagerup subfactor (2016), arXiv:1606.07165 .] to compute the full modular data. This is the published version of arXiv:1404.3955 .
Noncommutative probability of type D
Authors: Bożejko Marek , Ejsmont Wiktor , Hasebe Takahiro
Published: January 2017

We construct a deformed Fock space and a Brownian motion coming from Coxeter groups of type [Formula: see text]. The construction is analogous to that of the [Formula: see text]-Fock space (of type [Formula: see text]) and the [Formula: see text]-Fock space (of type [Formula: see text]).
Duality, Bridgeland wall-crossing and flips of secant varieties
Authors: Martinez Cristian
Published: January 2017

Let [Formula: see text] denote the [Formula: see text]-uple Veronese surface. After studying some general aspects of the wall-crossing phenomena for stability conditions on surfaces, we are able to describe a sequence of flips of the secant varieties of [Formula: see text] by embedding the blow-up [Formula: see text] into a suitable moduli space of Bridgeland semistable objects on [Formula: see text].
An Accurate Sequence Assembly Algorithm for Livestock, Plants and Microorganism Based on Spark
Authors: Dong Gaifang , Fu Xueliang , Li Honghui , Pan Xu
Published: January 2017

Sequence Assembly is one of the important topics in bioinformatics research. Sequence assembly algorithm has always met the problems of poor assembling precision and low efficiency. In view of these two problems, this paper designs and implements a precise assembling algorithm under the strategy of finding the source of reads based on the MapReduce (SA-BR-MR) and Eulerian path algorithm. Computational results show that SA-BR-MR is more accurate than other algorithms. At the same time, SA-BR-MR calculates 54 sequences which are randomly selected from animals, plants and microorganisms with base lengths from hundreds to tens of thousands from NCBI. All matching rates of the 54 sequences are 100%. For each species, the algorithm summarizes the range of [Formula: see text] which makes the matching rates to be 100%. In order to verify the range of [Formula: see text] value of hepatitis C virus (HCV) and related variants, the randomly selected eight HCV variants are calculated. The results verify the correctness of [Formula: see text] range of hepatitis C and related variants from NCBI. The experiment results provide the basis for sequencing of other variants of the HCV. In addition, Spark platform is a new computing platform based on memory computation, which is featured by high efficiency and suitable for iterative calculation. Therefore, this paper designs and implements sequence assembling algorithm based on the Spark platform under the strategy of finding the source of reads (SA-BR-Spark). In comparison with SA-BR-MR, SA-BR-Spark shows a superior computational speed.
Near-Integrability and Recurrence in FPU-Cells
Authors: Verhulst Ferdinand
Published: January 2017

In a neighborhood of stable equilibrium, we consider the dynamics for at least three degrees-of-freedom (dof) Hamiltonian systems (2 dof systems are not ergodic in this case). A complication is that the recurrence properties depend strongly on the resonances of the corresponding linearized system and on quasi-trapping. In contrast to the classical FPU-chain, the inhomogeneous FPU-chain shows nearly all the principal resonances. Using this fact, we construct a periodic FPU-chain of low dimension, called a FPU-cell. Such a cell can be used as a building block for a chain of FPU-cells, called a cell-chain. Recurrence phenomena depend strongly on the physical assumptions producing specific Hamiltonians; we demonstrate this for the [Formula: see text] resonance, both general and for the FPU case; this resonance shows dynamics on different timescales. In addition we will study the relations and recurrence differences between several FPU-cells and a few cell-chains in the case of the classical near-integrable FPU-cell and of chaotic cells in [Formula: see text] resonance.
Generating sets consisting of pairwise conjugate elements
Authors: Ivanov A.
Published: January 2017

We consider groups [Formula: see text] which have generating sets consisting of pairwise conjugate elements. We introduce a natural condition on such sets, namely path-connectedness, which has strong consequences when [Formula: see text] acts on a real tree. The main result of the paper states that the group of type-preserving automorphisms of a regular simplicial tree has a generating set with this property.
On the topology of a boolean representable simplicial complex
Authors: Margolis Stuart , Rhodes John , Silva Pedro V.
Published: January 2017

It is proved that the fundamental groups of boolean representable simplicial complexes (BRSC) are free and the rank is determined by the number and nature of the connected components of their graph of flats for dimension [Formula: see text]. In the case of dimension 2, it is shown that BRSC have the homotopy type of a wedge of spheres of dimensions 1 and 2. Also, in the case of dimension 2, necessary and sufficient conditions for shellability and being sequentially Cohen–Macaulay are determined. Complexity bounds are provided for all the algorithms involved.
Optimal control problems in transport dynamics
Authors: Bongini Mattia , Buttazzo Giuseppe
Published: January 2017

In the present paper, we deal with an optimal control problem related to a model in population dynamics; more precisely, the goal is to modify the behavior of a given density of individuals via another population of agents interacting with the first. The cost functional to be minimized to determine the dynamics of the second population takes into account the desired target or configuration to be reached as well as the quantity of control agents. Several applications may fall into this framework, as for instance driving a mass of pedestrian in (or out of) a certain location; influencing the stock market by acting on a small quantity of key investors; controlling a swarm of unmanned aerial vehicles by means of few piloted drones.
Large population and size scale limit of a stochastic particle model
Authors: Michel Philippe
Published: January 2017

The aim of this work is to study a stochastic individual-based model, structured with respect to age (progression within the cell cycle) and space (radial distance from the oocyte). We prove the existence of solutions and the convergence in large population and size scale limit to a solution of a partial differential equation.
ON THE NUMERICAL ASPECTS OF OPTIMAL OPTION HEDGING WITH TRANSACTION COSTS
Authors: JOSEPHY NORMAN , KIMBALL LUCIA , STEBLOVSKAYA VICTORIA
Published: January 2017

We present a numerical study of non-self-financing hedging of European options under proportional transaction costs. We describe an algorithmic approach based on a discrete time financial market model that extends the classical binomial model. We review the analytical basis for our algorithm and present a variety of empirical results using real market data. The performance of the algorithm is evaluated by comparing to a Black–Scholes delta hedge with transaction costs incorporated. We also evaluate the impact of recalibrating the hedging strategy one or more times during the life of the option using the most recent market data. These results are compared to a recalibrated Black–Scholes delta hedge modified for transaction costs.
Existence of Dominant Players and their Role in the Formation of a Cabinet Coalition
Authors: Jelnov Artyom
Published: January 2017

A party is dominant if there is a majority coalition to which that party belongs such that it affords this party more possibilities to form an alternative winning coalition than any of the other members of the coalition. I present empirical evidence showing that an allocation of seats in a parliament is biased toward the high frequency occurrence of a dominant party and the low frequency occurrence of a dictator. If a dominant party forms a cabinet coalition, and if that cabinet coalition has a majority in parliament, then the dominant party tends to form a coalition which it dominates.
Spontaneously Broken Gauge Symmetry in a Bose Gas with Constant Particle Number
Authors: Schelle A.
Published: January 2017

The interplay between spontaneously broken gauge symmetries and Bose–Einstein condensation has long been controversially discussed in science, since the equations of motion are invariant under phase transformations. Within the present model, it is illustrated that spontaneous symmetry breaking appears as a non-local process in position space, but within disjoint subspaces of the underlying Hilbert space. Numerical simulations show that it is the symmetry of the relative phase distribution between condensate and non-condensate quantum fields which is spontaneously broken when passing the critical temperature for Bose–Einstein condensation. Since the total number of gas particles remains constant over time, the global U(1)-gauge symmetry of the system is preserved.
On noncommutative Levi-Civita connections
Authors: Peterka Mira A. , Sheu Albert Jeu-Liang
Published: January 2017

We make some observations about Rosenberg’s Levi-Civita connections on noncommutative tori, noting the non-uniqueness of general torsion-free metric-compatible connections without prescribed connection operator for the inner *-derivations, the nontrivial curvature form of the inner *-derivations, and the validity of the Gauss–Bonnet theorem for two classes of nonconformal deformations of the flat metric on the noncommutative two-tori, including the case of noncommuting scalings along the principal directions of a two-torus.
Small nonassociative corrections to the SUSY generators and cosmological constant
Authors: Dzhunushaliev Vladimir
Published: January 2017

Small nonassociative corrections for the SUSY operators [Formula: see text] are considered. The smallness is controlled by the ratio of the Planck length and a characteristic length [Formula: see text]. Corresponding corrections of the momentum operator arising from the anticommutator of the SUSY operators are considered. The momentum operator corrections are defined via the anticommutator of the unperturbed SUSY operators [Formula: see text] and nonassociative corrections [Formula: see text]. Choosing different anticommutators, one can obtain either a modified or [Formula: see text]-deformed commutator of position [Formula: see text] and momentum operators [Formula: see text].
Optimal treatment strategy of an avian influenza model with latency
Authors: Modnak Chairat , Wang Jin
Published: January 2017

Avian influenza, caused by influenza A viruses, has received worldwide attention over recent years. In this study, we formulate a mathematical model for avian influenza that includes human–human transmission and incorporates the effects of infection latency and treatments. We investigate the essential dynamics of the model through an equilibrium analysis. Meanwhile, we explore effective treatment strategies to control avian influenza outbreaks using optimal control theory. Our results show that strategically deployed medical treatments can significantly reduce the numbers of exposed and infection persons.
Detection of primary RGB colors projected on a screen using fNIRS
Authors: Liu Xiaolong , Hong Keum-Shik
Published: January 2017

In this study, functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is utilized to measure the hemodynamic responses (HRs) in the visual cortex of 14 subjects (aged 22–34 years) viewing the primary red, green, and blue (RGB) colors displayed on a white screen by a beam projector. The spatiotemporal characteristics of their oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobins (HbO and HbR) in the visual cortex are measured using a 15-source and 15-detector optode configuration. To see whether the activation maps upon RGB-color stimuli can be distinguished or not, the [Formula: see text]-values of individual channels are averaged over 14 subjects. To find the best combination of two features for classification, the HRs of activated channels are averaged over nine trials. The HbO mean, peak, slope, skewness and kurtosis values during 2–7[Formula: see text]s window for a given 10[Formula: see text]s stimulation period are analyzed. Finally, the linear discriminant analysis (LDA) for classifying three classes is applied. Individually, the best classification accuracy obtained with slope-skewness features was 74.07% (Subject 1), whereas the best overall over 14 subjects was 55.29% with peak-skewness combination. Noting that the chance level of 3-class classification is 33.33%, it can be said that RGB colors can be distinguished. The overall results reveal that fNIRS can be used for monitoring purposes of the HR patterns in the human visual cortex.
Weighted fractional differentiation composition operators from mixed-norm spaces to Zygmund spaces
Authors: Gupta Anuradha , Sharma Pooja
Published: January 2017

The fractional derivative operator is an extension of the usual derivative operator [Formula: see text] to an arbitrary (integer, rational, irrational or complex) values of [Formula: see text]. In this paper, weighted fractional differentiation composition operators from mixed-norm spaces to Zygmund spaces are characterized in terms of boundedness and compactness.
On structure of the semigroups of k-linked upfamilies on groups
Authors: Banakh Taras O. , Gavrylkiv Volodymyr M.
Published: January 2017

Given a group [Formula: see text], we study right and left zeros, idempotents, the minimal ideal, left cancelable and right cancelable elements of the semigroup [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text]-linked upfamilies and characterize groups [Formula: see text] whose extensions [Formula: see text] are commutative. We finish the paper with the complete description of the structure of the semigroups [Formula: see text] for all groups [Formula: see text] of cardinality [Formula: see text].
New inextensible flows of principal normal spherical image
Authors: Körpinar Talat
Published: January 2017

In this work, we study normal spherical indicatrices (images) in terms of inextensible flows in [Formula: see text]. We discuss the geometric properties of the normal spherical indicatrices. Furthermore, we give some new characterizations of curvatures in terms of some partial differential equations in [Formula: see text].
Lateral accretion in a straight slope channel system: an example from the Forties Sandstone of the Huntington Field, UK Central North Sea
Authors: Edwards Chris , McQuaid Sean , Easton Stewart , Scott Don , Couch Andrew , Evans Ron , Hart Stephen
Published: January 2017

A rich dataset of core, well logs and 3D seismic data has been integrated to establish a depositional hierarchy of a Paleocene-aged, Forties slope channel system of the Huntington Field, Block 22/14b of the Central North Sea. The reservoir consists of a mix of high-concentration turbidites and muddy and sandy debrites deposited as a series of laterally offset, slope channel fills. Seismic data reveal that the channels were remarkably straight and devoid of meander bends, more commonly associated with sinuous slope channel networks. Paradoxically, the internal offlapping architecture draws close comparisons with lateral accretion packages that are widely accepted to be the products of secondary flow circulation around sinuous channel bends. The straight nature of the Huntington channels precludes such an interpretation but can be explained as a consequence of Coriolis effects acting upon suspension-dominated flows in Northern Hemisphere high latitudes, resulting in the preferential accretion of sediment along the right-hand bank (when viewed downstream) and leading to the eventual lateral avulsion of the channel. The observed architecture has been incorporated into a reservoir model in order to characterize the static connectivity of the field that will in turn serve as a basis for understanding production behaviour.
Securely Reinforcing Synchronization for Embedded Online Contests
Authors: Wang Wei , Xu Peng , Yang Laurence Tianruo , Susilo Willy , Chen Jinjun
Published: January 2017

When competing in eBay bidding, online games, or e-exams in embedded computing environments, people naturally face asynchronous starts from different computing devices, which is treated as a security risk of online contests. The security risks of online contests also include eavesdropping during data transmission without intended rights, and false starts by malicious competitors, which also means asynchrony in contests. Accordingly, online contests need security guarantees, especially on synchronization. In this article, for synchronic and secure starts in a contest, we update security requirements of confidentiality, anonymity, and synchrony, comparing the current work to our previous work. Based on the updated requirements, we propose a general framework for the Advanced Secure Synchronized Reading (ASSR) system, which can hold multiple contests simultaneously in the cloud. It is important to note that the system can ignore the impacts of heterogeneity among competitors. Considering the heterogeneity both on transmission and computing, we construct a novel Randomness-reused Identity Based Key Encapsulation Mechanism (RIBKEM) to support separable decapsulation, which can shorten both decryption delay and transmission delay with the best efforts. Finally, ASSR enhances synchronization achievement for contest starts with heterogeneous delays of competitors while satisfying other security requirements. As a complement, the analysis on the provable security of ASSR is given, as well as a further analysis on the achievement of synchronization.
Incremental Inductive Verification of Parameterized Timed Systems
Authors: Isenberg Tobias
Published: January 2017

We propose and extend an approach for the verification of safety properties for parameterized timed systems modeled as networks of timed automata. For this task, we introduce an incremental workflow that is based on our algorithm
IC3 with Zones
. It proceeds in a cycle in which single models of the system are verified, and the verification results are employed for the reasoning about the entire system. Starting with the smallest instances, the verification of the safety property is carried out fast and efficient. On successful verification, the algorithm produces an inductive strengthening of the safety property. We reuse this result and try to reason about the entire parameterized timed system. To this end, we extrapolate the inductive strengthening into a candidate for the next-larger model. In case this candidate is a valid inductive strengthening for the next larger model, our main theorem reasons about all models of the parameterized timed system, stating that the safety property holds true for all models. Otherwise, the main cycle starts over with the verification of the next larger model. This workflow is iterated indefinitely, until able to reason about the entire parameterized timed system, until a counterexample trace is found, or until the single models become too large to be handled in the verification. We reuse the intermediate results in a
Feedback
-loop in order to accelerate the verification runs for the single models. Furthermore, we consider an extended formalism in comparison to our previous publications.
Collective Communication on FPGA Clusters with Static Scheduling
Authors: Sheng Jiayi , Xiong Qingqing , Yang Chen , Herbordt Martin C.
Published: January 2017

FPGA-centric clouds and clusters provide direct and programmable interconnects with obvious benefits for communication latency and bandwidth. One rarely studied aspect of DPI is that they facilitate application-aware routing: if communication patterns are static and known a priori, as is usually the case, then judicious routing can reduce congestion, latency, and the hardware required. In this study we explore applying the method of offline/static routing to collective operations, in particular, multicast and reduction. An entirely new communication infrastructure is proposed and implemented, including switch design and routing algorithm. A substantial improvement in performance is obtained, especially for multicast. We believe that this is one of the few general offline/static routing solutions for real HPC clusters, and FPGA-centric clusters in particular.
An FPGA Solver for Partial MaxSAT Problems Based on Stochastic Local Search
Authors: Sassa Shohei , Kanazawa Kenji , Cai Shaowei , Yasunaga Moritoshi
Published: January 2017

In this paper, we propose an FPGA solver for partial maximum satisfiability (PMS) problems based on the Dist algorithm, which is one of the best performing stochastic local search algorithms for PMS problems. The Dist algorithm searches for a truth assignment for the variables that satisfies all of the hard clauses and as many soft clauses as possible by iteratively selecting a variable using a heuristic and flipping its truth value. During each iteration, new candidate variables for flipping are generated and existing ones may disappear. In our solver, the variables that may become new candidates for flipping are evaluated by parallel and pipeline processing, and then only the variables that actually become the candidates for flipping are extracted and gathered up in concurrent with the pipeline processing. The extraction process is not influenced by the number of the new candidates or their random generation, which minimizes the disturbance of the parallel and pipeline processing. Our FPGA solver can solve large PMS problems up to 7.74 times faster than running Dist on CPU.
Novel Three-Dimensional Embedded FPGA Technology and Achitecture
Authors: Pangracious Vinod , Al-Doori Mulhim
Published: January 2017

In this paper we present a high density three-dimensional (3D) interconnect network implementation based on a modified Mesh-of-Trees (MoT) topology for an embedded FPGA architecture design targeted for high performance 3D integration. To obtain the optimal MoT-based interconnect structure, the routing architecture of the 2D MoT-based FPGA is modified to include long routing segments that span multiple switch blocks in every row and column. By adjusting the percentage of long wire and span, a 2.5D or 3D high density MoT-based embedded FPGAs can be designed. For the 3D multi-stacked MoT-based FPGAs, the 2D MoTbased FPGA is sliced into two or more equal sections by adjusting the length of the long wire span. The long wire segments are realized using 3D through silicon via (TSVs) and 2.5D interposer-based multi-FPGAs, we increase the number of cuts and apply appropriate optimization models to scale down the number of long wires and horizontal inter-FPGA interposer wires. Using our 2.5/3D CAD models, we demonstrate the speed and area of 3D MoT-based FPGA architecture improved by 54% and 41% respectively in comparison to 3D Mesh-based FPGAs.
A Study of Heterogeneous Computing Design Method based on Virtualization Technology
Authors: Zhao Qian , Amagasaki Motoki , Iida Masahiro , Kuga Morihiro , Sueyoshi Toshinori
Published: January 2017

One challenge for the heterogeneous computing with the FPGA is how to bridge the development gap between SW and HW designs. The high level synthesis (HLS) technique allows producing hardware with high level languages like C. Design tools based on the HLS like Xilinx SDSoC and SDAccel are developed to speedup SW/HW co-designs. However, the developers still require much circuit design skills to use these tools more efficiently. In this paper, we propose a heterogeneous computing platform based on the virtualization technology, namely hCODE.With the help of the virtualization, the HW and SW design can be totally separated. This brings multiple benefits like accelerating a program without modifying or recompiling it, enable high portability and scalability across different HW and operating system.
Automated extraction of business documentation in enterprise information systems
Authors: Cemus Karel , Cerny Tomas
Published: January 2017

Extracting business documentation from ever-evolving information systems is a challenging task that requires a lot of effort, focus and technical expertise. Such a documentation provides a detailed overview of the system, lists domain model, operations, pre and post-conditions that impact the business flow. While all this information is captured by a particular software system, domain experts interested in such knowledge have limited access to it, either due to the lack of technical and programming expertise, or because the knowledge tangles throughout the entire system.

This paper introduces a novel approach in aspect-driven information systems enabling automated extraction of business documentation and its transformation to various perspectives allowing domain experts to acquire needed and up-to-date information and knowledge. Moreover, our approach makes it possible to transform system business rules into a formal language description verifiable by checkers validating the feasibility of business operations. We demonstrate the approach in a case study indicating its benefits.
Record data structures in racket
Authors: Pape Tobias , Kirilichev Vasily , Bolz Carl Friedrich , Hirschfeld Robert
Published: January 2017

Built-in data structures are a key contributor to the performance of dynamic languages.
Record data structures
, or
records
, are one of the common advanced, but not easily optimizable built-in data structures supported by those languages. Records may be used in an object-oriented fashion or to implement object orientation itself.

In this paper, we analyze how records are used in different applications in the Scheme dialect Racket. Based on the data obtained, we suggest the application of existing optimization techniques for records and devise a new one for immutable boolean fields. Most of them can be applied to a wide range of record implementations in dynamic languages. We apply these optimizations to records in Pycket, an implementation of Racket. With one exception, micro-benchmarks show a two- to ten-fold speed-up of our implementation over plain Racket.
AutoFix
Authors: Yan Hua , Sui Yulei , Chen Shiping , Xue Jingling
Published: January 2017

C is the most widely used programming language for developing embedded software, operating systems, and device drivers. Unlike programs written in managed languages like Java, C programs rely on explicit memory management, and are therefore prone to memory leaks. Existing (static or dynamic) debugging tools only report leaks, but fixing them often requires considerable manual effort by inspecting a list of reported true and false alarms. How to develop on-demand lightweight techniques for automated leak fixing without introducing new memory errors remains challenging.

In this paper, we introduce A
uto
F
ix
, a fully automated leak-fixing approach for C programs by combining static and dynamic program analyses. Given a leaky allocation site reported by a static memory leak detector, A
uto
F
ix
performs a graph reachability analysis to identify leaky paths on the value-flow slices of the program, and then conducts a liveness analysis to locate the program points for inserting fixes (i.e., the missing free calls) on the identified leaky paths. We have implemented A
uto
F
ix
in LLVM-3.5.0 and evaluated it using five SPEC2000 benchmarks and three open-source applications. Experimental results show that A
uto
F
ix
can safely fix all the memory leaks reported by a state-of-the-art static memory leak detector with small instrumentation overhead.
Experimental Results on Charge Fluctuations in Heavy-Ion Collisions
Authors: Mishra D. K. , Garg P. , Netrakanti P. K. , Pant L. M. , Mohanty A. K.
Published: January 2017

We present a subset of experimental results on charge fluctuation from the heavy-ion collisions to search for phase transition and location of critical point in the QCD phase diagram. Measurements from the heavy-ion experiments at the SPS and RHIC energies observe that total charge fluctuations increase from central to peripheral collisions. The net-charge fluctuations in terms of dynamical fluctuation measure ν(+-,dyn) are studied as a function of collision energy (sNN) and centrality of the collisions. The product of ν(+-,dyn) and 〈Nch〉 shows a monotonic decrease with collision energies, which indicates that at LHC energy the fluctuations have their origin in the QGP phase. The fluctuations in terms of higher moments of net-proton, net-electric charge, and net-kaon have been measured for various sNN. Deviations are observed in both Sσ and κσ2 for net-proton multiplicity distributions from the Skellam and hadron resonance gas model for sNN<39 GeV. Higher moment results of the net-electric charge and net-kaon do not observe any significant nonmonotonic behavior as a function of collision energy. We also discuss the extraction of the freeze-out parameters using particle ratios and experimentally measured higher moments of net-charge fluctuations. The extracted freeze-out parameters from experimentally measured moments and lattice calculations are found to be in agreement with the results obtained from the fit of particle ratios to the thermal model calculations.
Oxidative Stress Triggered by Apigenin Induces Apoptosis in a Comprehensive Panel of Human Cervical Cancer‐Derived Cell Lines
Authors: Souza Raquel P. , Bonfim-Mendonça Patrícia de S. , Gimenes Fabrícia , Ratti Bianca A. , Kaplum Vanessa , Bruschi Marcos L. , Nakamura Celso V. , Silva Sueli O. , Maria-Engler Silvya S. , Consolaro Marcia E. L.
Published: January 2017

Recently, the cytotoxic effects of apigenin (4′,5,7‐trihydroxyflavone), particularly its marked inhibition of cancer cell viability both in vitro and in vivo, have attracted the attention of the anticancer drug discovery field. Despite this, there are few studies of apigenin in cervical cancer, and these studies have mostly been conducted using HeLa cells. To evaluate the possibility of apigenin as a new therapeutic candidate for cervical cancer, we evaluated its cytotoxic effects in a comprehensive panel of human cervical cancer‐derived cell lines including HeLa (human papillomavirus/HPV 18‐positive), SiHa (HPV 16‐positive), CaSki (HPV 16 and HPV 18‐positive), and C33A (HPV‐negative) cells in comparison to a nontumorigenic spontaneously immortalized human epithelial cell line (HaCaT). Our results demonstrated that apigenin had a selective cytotoxic effect and could induce apoptosis in all cervical cancer cell lines which were positively marked with Annexin V, but not in HaCaT (control cells). Additionally, apigenin was able to induce mitochondrial redox impairment, once it increased ROS levels and H2O2, decreased the Δψm, and increased LPO. Still, apigenin was able to inhibit migration and invasion of cancer cells. Thus, apigenin appears to be a promising new candidate as an anticancer drug for cervical cancer induced by different HPV genotypes.
Regulation of Stem Cell Properties of Müller Glia by JAK/STAT and MAPK Signaling in the Mammalian Retina
Authors: Beach Krista M. , Wang Jianbo , Otteson Deborah C.
Published: January 2017

In humans and other mammals, the neural retina does not spontaneously regenerate, and damage to the retina that kills retinal neurons results in permanent blindness. In contrast to embryonic stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, and embryonic/fetal retinal stem cells, Müller glia offer an intrinsic cellular source for regenerative strategies in the retina. Müller glia are radial glial cells within the retina that maintain retinal homeostasis, buffer ion flux associated with phototransduction, and form the blood/retinal barrier within the retina proper. In injured or degenerating retinas, Müller glia contribute to gliotic responses and scar formation but also show regenerative capabilities that vary across species. In the mammalian retina, regenerative responses achieved to date remain insufficient for potential clinical applications. Activation of JAK/STAT and MAPK signaling by CNTF, EGF, and FGFs can promote proliferation and modulate the glial/neurogenic switch. However, to achieve clinical relevance, additional intrinsic and extrinsic factors that restrict or promote regenerative responses of Müller glia in the mammalian retina must be identified. This review focuses on Müller glia and Müller glial-derived stem cells in the retina and phylogenetic differences among model vertebrate species and highlights some of the current progress towards understanding the cellular mechanisms regulating their regenerative response.
MEMS Based SINS/OD Filter for Land Vehicles’ Applications
Authors: Liu Huisheng , Wang Zengcai , Fang Susu , Li Chao
Published: January 2017

A constrained low‐cost SINS/OD filter aided with magnetometer is proposed in this paper. The filter is designed to provide a land vehicle navigation solution by fusing the measurements of the microelectromechanical systems based inertial measurement unit (MEMS IMU), the magnetometer (MAG), and the velocity measurement from odometer (OD). First, accelerometer and magnetometer integrated algorithm is studied to stabilize the attitude angle. Next, a SINS/OD/MAG integrated navigation system is designed and simulated, using an adaptive Kalman filter (AKF). It is shown that the accuracy of the integrated navigation system will be implemented to some extent. The field‐test shows that the azimuth misalignment angle will diminish to less than 1°. Finally, an outliers detection algorithm is studied to estimate the velocity measurement bias of the odometer. The experimental results show the enhancement in restraining observation outliers that improves the precision of the integrated navigation system.
The Effect of Sitagliptin on the Regression of Carotid Intima-Media Thickening in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Post Hoc Analysis of the Sitagliptin Preventive Study of Intima-Media Thickness Evaluation
Authors: Mita Tomoya , Katakami Naoto , Shiraiwa Toshihiko , Yoshii Hidenori , Gosho Masahiko , Shimomura Iichiro , Watada Hirotaka
Published: January 2017

Background. The effect of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors on the regression of carotid IMT remains largely unknown. The present study aimed to clarify whether sitagliptin, DPP-4 inhibitor, could regress carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) in insulin-treated patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods. This is an exploratory analysis of a randomized trial in which we investigated the effect of sitagliptin on the progression of carotid IMT in insulin-treated patients with T2DM. Here, we compared the efficacy of sitagliptin treatment on the number of patients who showed regression of carotid IMT of ≥0.10 mm in a post hoc analysis. Results. The percentages of the number of the patients who showed regression of mean-IMT-CCA (28.9% in the sitagliptin group versus 16.4% in the conventional group, P = 0.022) and left max-IMT-CCA (43.0% in the sitagliptin group versus 26.2% in the conventional group, P = 0.007), but not right max-IMT-CCA, were higher in the sitagliptin treatment group compared with those in the non-DPP-4 inhibitor treatment group. In multiple logistic regression analysis, sitagliptin treatment significantly achieved higher target attainment of mean-IMT-CCA ≥0.10 mm and right and left max-IMT-CCA ≥0.10 mm compared to conventional treatment. Conclusions. Our data suggested that DPP-4 inhibitors were associated with the regression of carotid atherosclerosis in insulin-treated T2DM patients. This study has been registered with the University Hospital Medical Information Network Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN000007396).
Statistical Downscaling and Projection of Future Air Temperature Changes in Yunnan Province, China
Authors: Liu Jiaxu , Chen Sujing , Li Lijuan , Li Jiuyi
Published: January 2017

The SDSM was employed for downscaling of daily mean temperature of 32 meteorological stations (1954–2014) and future scenarios were generated up to 2100. The data were daily NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data and the daily mean climate model outputs for the RCP2.6, RCP4.5, and RCP8.5 scenarios from the MRI of Japan. Periodic features were obtained by wavelet analysis. The results showed the following. (1) The pattern of change and the numerical values of the air temperature could be reasonably simulated, with the averageR2between observed and generated data being 0.963 for calibration and 0.964 for validation. (2) All scenarios projected increases of different degrees of temperature in all seasons, except for spring in the 2020s. Annually, the most remarkable changes in the 2020s, 2050s, and 2080s were 0.27, 1.00, and 1.84°C, respectively. Seven dominant periods appeared under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 from 1954 to 2100; however, an additional period appeared under RCP2.6. (3) In future periods, especially the 2020s, decreases in temperature were significantly located in the center of Yunnan under all three scenarios, whereas there were distinct increases in northwest and southeast Yunnan in most future periods. Besides, the RCP8.5 scenario showed the greatest increase in the 2080s.
Hybrid Assistive Neuromuscular Dynamic Stimulation Therapy: A New Strategy for Improving Upper Extremity Function in Patients with Hemiparesis following Stroke
Authors: Fujiwara Toshiyuki , Kawakami Michiyuki , Honaga Kaoru , Tochikura Michi , Abe Kaoru
Published: January 2017

Hybrid Assistive Neuromuscular Dynamic Stimulation (HANDS) therapy is one of the neurorehabilitation therapeutic approaches that facilitates the use of the paretic upper extremity (UE) in daily life by combining closed-loop electromyography- (EMG-) controlled neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) with a wrist-hand splint. This closed-loop EMG-controlled NMES can change its stimulation intensity in direct proportion to the changes in voluntary generated EMG amplitudes recorded with surface electrodes placed on the target muscle. The stimulation was applied to the paretic finger extensors. Patients wore a wrist-hand splint and carried a portable stimulator in an arm holder for 8 hours during the daytime. The system was active for 8 hours, and patients were instructed to use their paretic hand as much as possible. HANDS therapy was conducted for 3 weeks. The patients were also instructed to practice bimanual activities in their daily lives. Paretic upper extremity motor function improved after 3 weeks of HANDS therapy. Functional improvement of upper extremity motor function and spasticity with HANDS therapy is based on the disinhibition of the affected hemisphere and modulation of reciprocal inhibition. HANDS therapy may offer a promising option for the management of the paretic UE in patients with stroke.
Extrahepatic Autoimmune Diseases in Patients with Autoimmune Liver Diseases: A Phenomenon Neglected by Gastroenterologists
Authors: Guo Liping , Zhou Lu , Zhang Na , Deng Baoru , Wang Bangmao
Published: January 2017

Autoimmune liver diseases (AILDs) often coexist with other extrahepatic autoimmune diseases (EHAIDs). The spectrum of EHAIDs in patients with AILDs is similar, whereas the incidence is different. Notably, autoimmune thyroid disease and Sjogren’s syndrome are the most common EHAIDs. Associated extrahepatic diseases may predate the appearance of AILDs or coincide with their onset. More frequently, they may appear during the course and even occur years after the diagnosis of AILDs. Importantly, associated EHAIDs may influence the natural course and prognosis of AILDs. To date, a definite pathophysiological pathway which contributes to the coexistence of AILDs and EHAIDs is still lacking. The current view of autoimmunity clustering involves a common susceptibility genetic background which applies to related pathologies. Herein, we review the current published researches regarding EHAIDs in patients with AILDs, particularly in relation to their clinical impact and pathophysiology. In managing patients with AILDs, gastroenterologists should be aware of the possibly associated EHAIDs to ensure a prompt diagnosis and better outcome.
Evolution of the Immune Response against Recombinant Proteins (TcpA, TcpB, and FlaA) as a Candidate Subunit Cholera Vaccine
Authors: Molaee Neda , Mosayebi Ghasem , Amozande-Nobaveh Alireza , Soleyman Mohammad Reza , Abtahi Hamid
Published: January 2017

Vibrio choleraeis the causative agent of cholera and annually leads to death of thousands of people around the globe. Two factors in the pathogenesis of this bacterium are its pili and flagella. The main subunits of pili TcpA, TcpB, and FlaA are the constituent subunit of flagella. In this study, we studied the ability of pili and flagella subunits to stimulate immune responses in mice. After amplification of TcpA, TcpB, and FlaA genes using PCR, they were cloned in expression plasmids. After production of the above-mentioned proteins by using IPTG, the proteins were purified and then approved using immunoblot method. After injection of the purified proteins to a mice model, immune response stimulation was evaluated by measuring the levels of IgG1 and IgG2a antibody titers, IL5 and IFN-γ. Immune response stimulation against pili and flagella antigens was adequate. Given the high levels of IL5 titer and IgG1 antibody, the stimulated immune response was toward Th1. Humoral immune response stimulation is of key importance in prevention of cholera. Our immunological analysis shows the appropriate immune response in mice model after vaccination with recombinant proteins. The high level of IL5 and low level of IFN-γshow the activation of Th2 cell response.