bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The hydrothermal synthesis of ZnSn(OH)6 and Zn2SnO4 and their photocatalytic performances
Authors: Li Di , Yan Peipei , Zhao Qianqian , Wang Li , Ma Xinguo , Xue Juanqin , Zhang Yujie , Liu Manbo
Published: June 2020

The pH value and hydrothermal temperature played an important part in the transition between ZnSn(OH)6 and Zn2SnO4.
A multifunctional supercapacitor based on 2D nanosheets on a flexible carbon nanotube film
Authors: Wang Qiufan , Liang Xiao , Zhang Daohong , Miao Menghe
Published: June 2020

A stretchable and water-proof ASC based on SnS2//MoS2/PEDOT was constructed by simple encapsulation with a polyimide tape. The voltage window of the ASC can be expanded to 1.7 V and the ASC exhibits excellent electrochemical properties.
A sustainable approach for graphene–oxide surface decoration using Oxalis corniculata leaf extract–derived silver nanoparticles: their antibacterial activities and electrochemical sensing
Authors: Jakhar Varsha , Sharma D. K.
Published: June 2020

Novel OCLE-AgNPΔGO nanocomposites were synthesized using green OCLE-AgNPs and further employed for antibacterial activities and electrochemical sensing applicability.
Bioinspired flexible electronics for seamless neural interfacing and chronic recording
Authors: Li Hongbian , Wang Jinfen , Fang Ying
Published: June 2020

This review summarizes recent developments in bioinspired flexible electronics for seamless neural interfacing and chronic recording.
Structural characterization and electrochemical properties of (La,Sr)(Al,Mg)O4−δ perovskites
Authors: Mariño C. , Basbus J. , Alonso J. A. , Troncoso L.
Published: June 2020

LaSrAl1−xMgxO4−δ (x = 0.0–0.3) layered perovskites were synthesized by a nitrate–citrate route followed by annealing in air at 1100 °C, and studied as potential electrolyte materials in solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs).
Nitroepoxide ring opening with thionucleophiles in water: synthesis of α-xanthyl ketones, β-keto sulfones and β-keto sulfonic acids
Authors: Badali Elham , Rahimzadeh Hossein , Sharifi Ali , Habibi Azizollah , Ziyaei Halimehjani Azim
Published: June 2020

Nitroepoxide ring opening with thionucleophiles such as potassium xanthates, sodium aryl sulfinates and sodium bisulfite in water is investigated to provide the corresponding α-xanthyl-α-aryl-2-propanones, β-keto sulfones and β-keto sulfonic acids.
N-Doped carbon nanotubes decorated with Fe/Ni sites to stabilize lithium metal anodes
Authors: Xiao Guannan , Cai Wenlong , Zhu Linqin , Fang Yuting , Ao Huaisheng , Zhu Yongchun , Qian Yitai
Published: June 2020

Use of N-doped carbon nanotubes decorated with Fe/Ni sites can significantly enhance the cycle life of a symmetric cell to up to 1200 h as well as yield a lowered hysteresis.
The shiny side of copper: bringing copper(i) light-emitting electrochemical cells closer to application
Authors: Keller Sarah , Prescimone Alessandro , La Placa Maria-Grazia , Junquera-Hernández José M. , Bolink Henk J. , Constable Edwin C. , Sessolo Michele , Ortí Enrique , Housecroft Catherine E.
Published: June 2020

Heteroleptic copper(i) complexes with bisphosphanes and astutely tuned N^N chelating ligands as emitters give bright LECs with record-breaking stability.
Low-cost electrochemical detection of l-tyrosine using an rGO–Cu modified pencil graphite electrode and its surface orientation on a Ag electrode using an ex situ spectroelectrochemical method
Authors: Kavitha C. , Bramhaiah K. , John Neena S.
Published: June 2020

A low cost reduced graphene oxide–copper hybrid nano thin-film modified pencil graphite electrode has been employed to detect the l-tyrosine enantiomer.
Biguanide–transition metals complexes as potential drug for hyperglycemia treatment
Authors: Villamizar-Delgado Stephanny , Porras-Osorio Laura M. , Piñeros Octavio , Ellena Javier , Balcazar Norman , Varela-Miranda Ruben E. , D'Vries Richard F.
Published: June 2020

Coordination compounds of Cu(ii), Ni(ii), Co(ii), and Zn(ii) with a type of biguanide were obtained and structurally characterized. The new metal-drugs present biological applications as potential drugs for diabetes and metabolic syndrome.
EMI and microwave absorbing efficiency of polyaniline-functionalized reduced graphene oxide/γ-Fe2O3/epoxy nanocomposite
Authors: Jaiswal Rimpa , Agarwal Kavita , Kumar Rakesh , Kumar Ritush , Mukhopadhyay Kingsuk , Prasad N. Eswara
Published: June 2020

Polyaniline-decorated RGPF prepared by the solution mixing method in three different ratios (1 : 3, 1 : 1 and 3 : 1) of polyaniline-decorated reduced graphene oxide and ferrite have been studied for microwave absorption properties in defence application.
Pressure-driven chemical lock-in structure and optical properties in Sillen compounds PbBiO2X (X = Cl, Br, and I)
Authors: Zhang Qian , Liu Xuqiang , Li Nana , Wang Bihan , Huang Quan , Wang Lin , Zhang Dongzhou , Wang Yonggang , Yang Wenge
Published: June 2020

A schematic diagram showing the experimental configuration and the hypothesis mechanism of pressure-driven chemical lock-in structure and optical bandgap in three sillen compounds PbBiO2X (X = Cl, Br, I).
Methacrylated gellan gum and hyaluronic acid hydrogel blends for image-guided neurointerventions
Authors: Vieira Sílvia , Strymecka Paulina , Stanaszek Luiza , Silva-Correia Joana , Drela Katarzyna , Fiedorowicz Michał , Malysz-Cymborska Izabela , Rogujski Piotr , Janowski Miroslaw , Reis Rui L. , Lukomska Barbara , Walczak Piotr , Oliveira J. Miguel
Published: June 2020

Mn-Based gellan gum hydrogels for cell delivery and real-time tracking on image-guided neuro-procedures.
High-efficiency thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitters via a high horizontal dipole ratio and controlled dual emission
Authors: Lee Youngnam , Hong Jong-In
Published: June 2020

OLED devices based on linear rod-like TADF emitters exhibited high device efficiencies of 29.9% and 25.8% by means of high horizontal emitting dipole orientation and controlled dual emission.
Microvascular disease in chronic kidney disease: the base of the iceberg in cardiovascular comorbidity
Authors: Querfeld Uwe , Mak Robert H. , Pries Axel Radlach
Published: June 2020

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a relentlessly progressive disease with a very high mortality mainly due to cardiovascular complications. Endothelial dysfunction is well documented in CKD and permanent loss of endothelial homeostasis leads to progressive organ damage. Most of the vast endothelial surface area is part of the microcirculation, but most research in CKD-related cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been devoted to macrovascular complications. We have reviewed all publications evaluating structure and function of the microcirculation in humans with CKD and animals with experimental CKD. Microvascular rarefaction, defined as a loss of perfused microvessels resulting in a significant decrease in microvascular density, is a quintessential finding in these studies. The median microvascular density was reduced by 29% in skeletal muscle and 24% in the heart in animal models of CKD and by 32% in human biopsy, autopsy and imaging studies. CKD induces rarefaction due to the loss of coherent vessel systems distal to the level of smaller arterioles, generating a typical heterogeneous pattern with avascular patches, resulting in a dysfunctional endothelium with diminished perfusion, shunting and tissue hypoxia. Endothelial cell apoptosis, hypertension, multiple metabolic, endocrine and immune disturbances of the uremic milieu and specifically, a dysregulated angiogenesis, all contribute to the multifactorial pathogenesis. By setting the stage for the development of tissue fibrosis and end organ failure, microvascular rarefaction is a principal pathogenic factor in the development of severe organ dysfunction in CKD patients, especially CVD, cerebrovascular dysfunction, muscular atrophy, cachexia, and progression of kidney disease. Treatment strategies for microvascular disease are urgently needed.
A Multidisciplinary Delphi Consensus Study of Communicative Participation in Young Children With Language Disorders
Authors: Singer Ingrid , Klatte Inge S. , Welbie Marlies , Cnossen Ingrid C. , Gerrits Ellen
Published: June 2020

Purpose

Our aim was to develop consensus on the definition and operationalization of communicative participation (CP) in 2- to 8-year-old children with language disorders (LDs). A clear definition and operationalization can facilitate the discussion about children's communication problems in daily life between parents and professionals.

Method

In an online Delphi study, anonymized thoughts and opinions were collected on the definition and operationalization of CP in young children with LD. The 47 Delphi panel members were Dutch parents, young adults with LDs, teachers and assistants, speech-language pathologists, clinical linguists, and clinical researchers. Thematic content analysis was used to develop a concept definition and items operationalizing CP. The Delphi panel rated the suitability of concept definitions using a 7-point Likert scale. Concept definitions were revised with feedback from the Delphi panel until consensus was achieved. The Delphi panel rated items on how well they operationalize CP, using the same Likert scale.

Results

The majority (79%) of the Delphi panel indicated that the essence of CP was captured by the definition: “CP is understanding and being understood in a social context, by applying verbal and non-verbal communication skills.” In addition, 33 behavioral items were developed.

Conclusion

This study resulted in strong consensus on the definition of CP between Dutch parents and professionals. Items were developed that can inform speech-language pathologists on the type of questions to ask a child's parents or teacher when discussing CP. Further research is needed on how the items can best be used in clinical practice.
Effect of different surface treatment agents on the physical chemistry and electrical properties of polyethylene nano‐alumina nanocomposites
Authors: Duan Xuhui , Siew Wah Hoon , Given Martin , Liggat John , He Jinliang
Published: June 2020

Generally, the electrical properties of nanocomposite are affected by the type, size, filling concentration and surface treatment process of the nanoparticle. In this study, nanocomposites of polyethylene (PE) with varying filling contents of nano‐alumina particles were prepared by the melting blending method and three different kinds of coupling agents were applied for surface modification properties of the nanoparticles. Two of them were silane based and the other was titanate based. The effect of different coupling agents on the dielectric properties was studied. Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy and thermo‐gravimetric analysis were used to verify their compositions. Scanning electron microscope and polarised optical microscopy were used for morphology study. Dielectric permittivity, direct current (DC) volume resistivity and DC breakdown strength characterised their improved insulation performance with nano‐alumina as filler. Thermal stimulated current results revealed that adding nano‐alumina particles into low‐density PE could provide more deep traps and increase DC resistivity.
Performance analysis of two‐way AF relaying system with the presence of hardware impairments over Nakagami‐m fading channels
Authors: Ucar‐Gul Merve , Namdar Mustafa , Basgumus Arif
Published: June 2020

The authors evaluate theoutage probability, ergodic capacity, and symbol error rate (SER) performances of an amplify‐and‐forward relaying system equipped with a non‐ideal variable gain single relay with hardware (HW) distortions at both the transmitter and receiver sides with the derivations of the instantaneous end‐to‐end signal‐to‐noise‐and‐distortion ratios. More specifically, they analytically derive new algebraic expressions for the outage probability and ergodic capacity in the two‐way relaying system over the Nakagami‐m fading environments. They further derive new closed‐form expressions for the asymptotic outage probability to analyse the performance in the high signal‐to‐noise regime. The derived statistics, along with the transmitter–relay–receiver channels are then used to obtain a closed‐form expression of the approximate and upper bound ergodic capacity. Finally, they investigate the generic mathematical expressions utilising the average and asymptotic SER, valid for several types of modulation schemes operating over the Nakagami‐m fading. Monte Carlo simulations and numerical examples are provided to quantify the validity of the derived analytical expressions. The authors' results highlight the effect of HW impairments in the two‐way relaying system over the Nakagami‐m fading channels and reveal the impact of the level of HW impairments, data rates, modulation types, and shaping parameters on the overall system performance.
Friendship prediction model based on factor graphs integrating geographical location
Authors: Chen Liang , Qiao Shaojie , Han Nan , Yuan Chang‐an , Song Xuejiang , Huang Ping , Xiao Yueqiang
Published: June 2020

With the development of network services and location‐based systems, many mobile applications begin to use users’ geographical location to provide better services. In terms of social networks, geographical location is actively shared by users. In some applications with recommendation services, before the geographical location recommendation is provided, the authors have to obtain user's permission. This kind of social network integrated with geographical location information is called location‐based social networks (abbreviate for LBSNs). In the LBSN, each user has location information when he or she checked in hotels or feature spots. Based on this information, they can identify user's trajectory of movement behaviour and activity patterns. In general, if there is friendship between two users, their trajectories in reality are likely to be similar. In this study, according to user's geographical location information over a period of time, they explore whether there exists friendly relationship between two users based on trajectory similarity and the structure theory of graphs. In particular, they propose a new factor function and a factor graph model based on user's geographical location to predict the friendship between two users in the real LBSN.
Cosmology with the submillimetre galaxies magnification bias: Proof of concept
Authors: Bonavera L. , González-Nuevo J. , Cueli M. M. , Ronconi T. , Migliaccio M. , Dunne L. , Lapi A. , Maddox S. J. , Negrello M.
Published: June 2020

Context. As recently demonstrated, high-z submillimetre galaxies (SMGs) are the perfect background sample for tracing the mass density profiles of galaxies and clusters (baryonic and dark matter) and their time-evolution through gravitational lensing. Their magnification bias, a weak gravitational lensing effect, is a powerful tool for constraining the free parameters of a halo occupation distribution (HOD) model and potentially also some of the main cosmological parameters.

Aims. The aim of this work is to test the capability of the magnification bias produced on high-z SMGs as a cosmological probe. We exploit cross-correlation data to constrain not only astrophysical parameters (Mmin, M1, and α), but also some of the cosmological ones (Ωm, σ8, and H0) for this proof of concept.

Methods. The measured cross-correlation function between a foreground sample of GAMA galaxies with spectroscopic redshifts in the range 0.2 < z < 0.8 and a background sample of H-ATLAS galaxies with photometric redshifts > 1.2 is modelled using the traditional halo model description that depends on HOD and cosmological parameters. These parameters are then estimated by performing a Markov chain Monte Carlo analysis using different sets of priors to test the robustness of the results and to study the performance of this novel observable with the current set of data.

Results. With our current results, Ωm and H0 cannot be well constrained. However, we can set a lower limit of > 0.24 at 95% confidence level (CL) on Ωm and we see a slight trend towards H0 >  70 values. For our constraints on σ8 we obtain only a tentative peak around 0.75, but an interesting upper limit of σ8 ≲ 1 at 95% CL. We also study the possibility to derive better constraints by imposing more restrictive priors on the astrophysical parameters.
Asteroid (16) Psyche’s primordial shape: A possible Jacobi ellipsoid
Authors: Ferrais M. , Vernazza P. , Jorda L. , Rambaux N. , Hanuš J. , Carry B. , Marchis F. , Marsset M. , Viikinkoski M. , Brož M. , Fetick R. , Drouard A. , Fusco T. , Birlan M. , Podlewska-Gaca E. , Jehin E. , Bartczak P. , Berthier J. , Castillo-Rogez J. , Cipriani F. , Colas F. , Dudziński G. , Dumas C. , Ďurech J. , Kaasalainen M. , Kryszczynska A. , Lamy P. , Le Coroller H. , Marciniak A. , Michalowski T. , Michel P. , Santana-Ros T. , Tanga P. , Vachier F. , Vigan A. , Witasse O. , Yang B.
Published: June 2020

Context. Asteroid (16) Psyche is the largest M-type asteroid in the main belt and the target of the NASA Psyche mission. It is also the only asteroid of this size (D >  200 km) known to be metal rich. Although various hypotheses have been proposed to explain the rather unique physical properties of this asteroid, a perfect understanding of its formation and bulk composition is still missing.

Aims. We aim to refine the shape and bulk density of (16) Psyche and to perform a thorough analysis of its shape to better constrain possible formation scenarios and the structure of its interior.

Methods. We obtained disk-resolved VLT/SPHERE/ZIMPOL images acquired within our ESO large program (ID 199.C-0074), which complement similar data obtained in 2018. Both data sets offer a complete coverage of Psyche’s surface. These images were used to reconstruct the three-dimensional (3D) shape of Psyche with two independent shape modeling algorithms (MPCD and ADAM). A shape analysis was subsequently performed, including a comparison with equilibrium figures and the identification of mass deficit regions.

Results. Our 3D shape along with existing mass estimates imply a density of 4.20  ±  0.60 g cm−3, which is so far the highest for a solar system object following the four telluric planets. Furthermore, the shape of Psyche presents small deviations from an ellipsoid, that is, prominently three large depressions along its equator. The flatness and density of Psyche are compatible with a formation at hydrostatic equilibrium as a Jacobi ellipsoid with a shorter rotation period of ∼3h. Later impacts may have slowed down Psyche’s rotation, which is currently ∼4.2 h, while also creating the imaged depressions.

Conclusions. Our results open the possibility that Psyche acquired its primordial shape either after a giant impact while its interior was already frozen or while its interior was still molten owing to the decay of the short-lived radionuclide 26Al.
Stratégies de résistance des agriculteurs familiaux face à l’avancée de l’agriculture capitaliste en Uruguay
Authors: Rossi Virginia , Filardo Verónica , Chia Eduardo
Published: June 2020

La résistance des agriculteurs familiaux à l’avancée de l’agriculture capitaliste se traduit par des pratiques et des stratégies économiques, sociales et techniques singulières, qui leur confèrent des capacités de reproduction spécifiques. Notre principale hypothèse est la suivante : les modèles d’action à l’origine de la résistance des agriculteurs familiaux dépendent du contexte, de leur situation, de leurs projets et des valeurs qu’ils associent au métier d’agriculteur. Ces modèles sont situés historiquement et fabriqués collectivement. Nous avons développé une approche « compréhensive » des éleveurs familiaux en Uruguay et mobilisé le concept d’habitus afin d’identifier et d’étudier leurs pratiques et stratégies de résistance. À partir des macro-pratiques économiques, symboliques, éducatives et successorales nous avons identifié trois types de résistance : « Rendre la famille autonome », « Transmettre le patrimoine familial » et « Rester dans le réseau territorial ». L’habitus permet aux éleveurs étudiés de fabriquer et de maintenir une logique familiale « paysanne » à la base de leur stratégie de résistance.
Uniform exponential stabilisation of serially connected inhomogeneous Euler-Bernoulli beams
Authors: Augner Björn
Published: June 2020

We consider a chain of Euler-Bernoulli beams with spatial dependent mass density, modulus of elasticity and area moment which are interconnected in dissipative or conservative ways and prove uniform exponential energy decay of the coupled system for suitable dissipative boundary conditions at one end and suitable conservative boundary conditions at the other end. We thereby generalise some results of G. Chen, M.C. Delfour, A.M. Krall and G. Payre from the 1980’s to the case of spatial dependence of the parameters.
Overview of jet physics results from ALICE
Authors: Krizek Filip
Published: June 2020

Recent results from jet shower-shape and substructure analyses done by the ALICE collaboration in central Pb–Pb collisions at √sNN = 2.76 TeV and in pp collisions at √s = 7 TeV are reviewed. The presented jet shower- shape observables are angularity g and transverse momentum dispersion pTD, which were studied for a small resolution parameter R = 0.2, track-based jets with a minimum constituent transverse momentum (pT) cut-off of 0.15 GeV/c. Jet substructure is explored for track-based anti-kT jets with R = 0.4 by means of iterative declustering and grooming techniques, which were used to measure the absolutely-normalized leading subjet momentum fraction zg and the number of hard splittings in the reclustered jet shower, nSD. These observables provide complementary information on the jet fragmentation and help to discriminate between different scenarios for medium-induced modifications of the parton shower in heavy-ion collisions due to jet quenching.
Recent progress on jet substructure theory
Authors: Kang Zhong-Bo
Published: June 2020

In these proceedings, we review recent theoretical progress on jet substructure at the colliders. Focusing on two observables – jet mass and groomed jet radius, we perform theoretical computations for jets measured in the single inclusive jet production in proton-proton collisions, pp → jet + X. We consider both standard ungroomed jets as well as soft-drop groomed jets. Within the Soft Collinear Effective Theory (SCET), we establish QCD factorization theorems which allow for the joint resummation of several classes of logarithmic corrections to all orders in the strong coupling constant. We present numerical results and compare with the available data from the LHC.
Jet charge in heavy-ion collisions
Authors: Li Hai Tao
Published: June 2020

Jet quenching effects have been widely used to study the properties of strongly-interacting matter, quark-gluon plasma, in heavy-ion collisions. Flavor tagging in heavy-ion collisions plays an important role to reveal the medium parton showers for quark and gluon evolution. Combining with kinematic information, the average jet charge can be used to separate the contribution of different jet flavors, which is defined as the momentum- weighted sum of the charges of hadrons inside a given jet. Using soft-collinear effective theory with medium interactions, we investigate the factorization of the jet charge in QCD medium. We provide predictions for jet charge distributions and their modifications compared to the ones in proton-proton collisions.
Sequenztherapie beim nicht oder mild symptomatischen metastasierten kastrationsresistenten Prostatakarzinom
Authors: Miller Kurt
Published: June 2020

Beim nicht oder mild symptomatischen metastasierten kastrationsresistenten Prostatakarzinom (mCRPC) können sowohl die modernen antihormonellen Wirkstoffe Abirateronacetat plus Prednison/Prednisolon (Abirateron/P) und Enzalutamid als auch eine Chemotherapie mit Docetaxel zum Einsatz kommen. Da die Behandlung mit Docetaxel teils ausgeprägte Nebenwirkungen haben kann, ist eine wichtige Therapiealternative die insgesamt besser verträgliche antihormonelle Therapie. Neben der Wirksamkeit und Verträglichkeit kann bei der Wahl der mCRPC-Erstlinientherapie zudem der Einfluss auf die Wirksamkeit von Folgetherapien eine wichtige Rolle spielen. Bisher lagen nur retrospektive Studien zum sequenziellen Einsatz von Abirateron/P und Enzalutamid bei dieser Indikation vor. In einer prospektiven, randomisierten Phase-II-Studie der British Columbia Cancer Agency (BCCA) wurden Abirateron/P und Enzalutamid nun erstmals bez. ihrer Wirksamkeit und Verträglichkeit in der Erstlinientherapie des nicht oder mild symptomatischen mCRPC sowie der Folgetherapie miteinander verglichen.
Das Behandlungsprogramm bei Adipositas mit den Schwerpunkten Essverhalten und Lebensstiländerung (BASEL) ist effektiv, aber nicht kostendeckend
Authors: Goetschmann Mara , Nickolai Beate , Hegar Karin , Fäh David , Kiss Caroline
Published: June 2020

Hintergründe Gruppenprogramme zur Adipositastherapie unter Alltagsbedingungen sind wenig untersucht. Diese Studie analysiert das interprofessionelle Behandlungsprogramm bei Adipositas mit den Schwerpunkten Ernährungsverhalten und Lebensstiländerung (BASEL) bezüglich Effektivität und betrieblicher Wirtschaftlichkeit.

Material und Methodik Retrospektive Untersuchung der Gewichtsentwicklung von Programmstart bis Programmende sowie bis zum Nachtreffen. Analyse der Zusammenhänge zwischen einer Gewichtsreduktion ≥ 5 % und weiteren Faktoren durch eine multivariate logistische Regression. Zusätzlich erfolgte eine Kostenanalyse.

Ergebnisse Die 454 Teilnehmenden hatten ein mittleres Ausgangsgewicht von 114 kg (68–195 kg), BMI 40 kg/m2 (25,2–63,7), waren 46 Jahre (17–75) und mehrheitlich Frauen (72 %). Bei Programmende lag die mittlere Gewichtsreduktion bei 4,9 % (SD ± 4,2 %) (44,3 % erreichten Reduktion ≥ 5 %; 11,5 % erreichten Reduktion ≥ 10 %). Beim Nachtreffen (n = 256) betrug die Reduktion 7 % (SD ± 6,4 %) (33,5 % erreichten Reduktion ≥ 5 %; 16,7 % erreichten Reduktion ≥ 10 %). Personen, die ≥ 75 % der Lektionen und das Nachtreffen besuchten, hatten bei Programmende eine 3,8-mal höhere Chance zur erfolgreichen Gewichtsreduktion (≥ 5 %), als Personen, die < 75 % der Lektionen besuchten und nicht zum Nachtreffen erschienen (p = < 0,001). Der Kostendeckungsgrad des Programms lag bei 66 %.

Schlussfolgerung Das BASEL ist ein effektives Adipositas-Behandlungsprogramm, wobei die regelmäßige Teilnahme mit einem besseren Therapieerfolg assoziiert war. Über die Hälfte der Personen mit hoher Teilnahmerate erzielten eine klinisch relevante Gewichtsreduktion von ≥ 5 %. Das Programm ist aufgrund tiefer Gruppentarife der Krankenversicherer in der Schweiz für Anbieter nicht kostendeckend.
Endoscopic treatment of Zenkerʼs diverticulum by complete septotomy: initial experience in 19 patients
Authors: Juin Charlotte , Barret Maximilien , Belle Arthur , Abouali Einas , Leblanc Sarah , Oudjit Ammar , Dohan Anthony , Coriat Romain , Chaussade Stanislas
Published: June 2020

Background and study aims Endoscopic treatment of Zenker’s Diverticulum (ZD) using a flexible endoscope and a diverticuloscope consists of myotomy of the cricopharyngeus muscle, sparing the lower part of the diverticular septum. However, recurrence occurs in up to 54 % of patients at 4 years. We assessed the feasibility and safety of a complete septotomy in endoscopic treatment of ZD.

Patients and methods We conducted a retrospective analysis of a prospectively collected database at a single referral center. All consecutive patients treated by complete resection of the diverticular wall were included. The endoscopic technique used a distal attachment cap and division of the ZD septum using a Dual Knife or a Triangle Tip knife in endocut mode, until the esophageal muscularis propria was seen and no residual diverticulum remained. Symptoms were evaluated using the Augsburger questionnaire.

Results Nineteen patients, 10 of whom were men with mean age 79 ± 12 years, were treated by complete septotomy for a symptomatic ZD with a median size of 2.5 cm (range 1–5 cm). The clinical success rate was 100 % and the complication rate was 10 % (one pneumonia and one atrial fibrillation). Median hospital stay was 2 days (range 1–3 days). On Day 1 esophagogram, no extraesophageal contrast leakage was seen, periesophageal CO2 was still visible in two patients, and complete ZD regression was seen in 63 % of patients. The 6-month clinical success rate was 100 %, with two patients lost to follow-up, and a median symptom score of 0 (range 0–4). After a mean ± SD follow-up of 9 ± 5 months, the clinical success rate was 94 % (16/17).

Conclusion Complete endoscopic septotomy is a feasible and safe therapeutic modality in patients with symptomatic ZD that does not require use of a diverticuloscope, and with good short-term efficacy. The complete regression of the diverticulum observed on Day 1 in 63 % of patients could be a marker of long-term clinical success.
Magnetresonanztomografie peripherer Gelenke
Authors: Abrar Daniel B. , Sewerin Philipp
Published: June 2020

Bildgebende Verfahren nehmen in der Primärdiagnostik, Prognose und Therapiekontrolle einen zunehmenden Stellenwert ein. Insbesondere die Magnetresonanztomografie (MRT) ermöglicht dabei die sensitive und frühe Erkennung akut-entzündlicher (z. B. Synovialitis und Knochenmarködem) und chronisch-struktureller (z. B. Erosionen) Veränderungen im Rahmen peripherer rheumatischer Gelenkerkrankungen. Die steigende Bedeutung wird durch die Etablierung standardisierter, zunehmend vereinfachter Scoring-Systeme unterstrichen, die MRT-Untersuchungen objektivier- und vergleichbar machen. Zudem wird durch den Einsatz innovativer, kompositioneller Methoden die Früherkennung von Knorpelveränderungen und durch dynamische Verfahren die Quantifizierung fokaler Gelenkentzündung ermöglicht.
Leben am Ende? Am Ende Leben! Seelsorge auf der Palliativstation
Authors: Silano Katrin
Published: June 2020

Die Palliativstation wird als Endstation angesehen. Hoffnungslosigkeit, Angst, Trauer und Schmerzen stehen bei Patienten und Angehörigen im Vordergrund. Eines der Prinzipien der Palliativversorgung ist der Aspekt des „Lebens bis zuletzt“. So gibt es auf der Palliativstation schon das Bewusstsein, dass sich die Kranken am Ende ihres Lebens befinden, dass es aber unzählige Möglichkeiten gibt, dieses Ende gut zu gestalten. Unabhängig davon, ob Patienten gläubig, zweifelnd oder ungläubig sind, hat jeder am Ende seines Lebens etwas zu erzählen, möchte Unterdrücktes aussprechen, Versöhnungen anstreben, Bereutes aufarbeiten oder gar Sünden vergeben bekommen. Die Seelsorge versucht diesen Spagat zu leisten.
Konsensusempfehlung zur strukturierten Befunderstellung onkologischer PET-Hybridbildgebung
Authors:   Autoren,   Vorstand der Interdisziplinären AG für Hybride Bildgebung in alphabetischer Reihenfolge:,   Vorstand der Deutschen Röntgengesellschaft (DRG) und der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Nuklearmedizin (DGN) in alphabetischer Reihenfolge:
Published: June 2020

Seit Einführung der PET/CT im Jahr 2001 bzw. der PET/MRT im Jahr 2010 ist die PET als Hybridbildgebung und Instrument einer bildgesteuerten Präzisionsmedizin zunehmend zu einem Versorgungsstandard in der Onkologie geworden. Die zentrale Schnittstelle in der Kommunikation zwischen den zuweisenden onkologisch tätigen Ärzten und dem Nuklearmediziner und Radiologen stellt der schriftliche Befund dar, der das Patientenmanagement und Outcome beeinflusst, aber auch juristisch-relevante Dokumentation der erbrachten Leistung und ärztlichen Beurteilung der erhobenen Befunde ist. Eine qualitativ hochwertige, auf die klinische Frage fokussierte Hybridbildgebung sollte im weiteren Fortgang mit einem gleichermaßen qualitativ hochwertigen, strukturierten schriftlichen Befund verbunden sein, der die klinische Frage zur Zufriedenheit des zuweisenden Arztes beantwortet. Im vorliegenden Manuskript werden daher Konsensempfehlungen zur Befundstruktur, zu Befundinhalten und zur konklusiven Beurteilung einer onkologischen Hybridbildgebung gegeben. Darüber hinaus werden beispielhafte Vorlagen für ebensolche Befunde dargestellt. Die hier dargelegten Empfehlungen zur strukturierten Befunderstellung sollen eine weitere Standardisierung und Harmonisierung onkologischer Befunde im Kontext einer Hybridbildgebung fördern und so die Kommunikation mit den zuweisenden Ärzten vereinfachen und die Akzeptanz und Wertschätzung der onkologischen Hybridbildgebung weiter unterstützen.
Enantioselective Synthesis of 4-Silyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolines via Copper(I) Hydride Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrosilylation of 1,2-Dihydroquinolines
Authors: You Shu-Li , Xu-Xu Qing-Feng , Yang Pusu , Zhang Xiao
Published: June 2020

C–Si bonds were constructed by utilizing copper hydride-catalyzed asymmetric hydrosilylation of 1,2-dihydroquinolines, affording various chiral 4-silyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolines in good yields and enantioselectivity. In addition, the C–Si bonds were transformed into C–O bonds with retention of stereochemistry through the Tamao oxidation, giving a series of useful 4-hydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolines. This method with the enantioselective introduction of silyl groups provides an option to adjust bioactive properties of tetrahydroquinolines.
Multimodality Management of Ruptured Large Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Its Recurrence: Rupture at Presentation Should Not Rupture Hope of Long-Term Survival
Authors: Desai Gunjan S. , Pande Prasad M. , Narkhede Rajvilas A. , Wagle Prasad K.
Published: June 2020

A 59-year-old gentleman with a history of aortic valve replacement presented with spontaneously ruptured hepatocellular carcinoma in right lobe of a hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related chronic liver disease with hemoperitoneum. This acute emergency was managed by transarterial embolization. Right trisectionectomy with preservation of segment IVB after augmentation of future liver remnant by transarterial chemoembolization followed by portal vein embolization was subsequently performed. Sustained virological response to HCV was attained after surgery using sofosbuvir-based regimen. He had a delayed operative bed recurrence 1.5 years later with pulmonary metastatic disease which was managed by operative bed metastasectomy with mesh reconstruction of diaphragm and sorafenib. He is on sorafenib since past 3 years and doing well at 4.5-years follow-up since the first presentation, with significant regression of pulmonary disease and no other disease elsewhere, which highlights that where there is hope, there is a way.
Endovascular Treatment of Intracranial Pial–Dural Arteriovenous Fistula: A Case Report
Authors: Shchehlov D. V. , Konotopchyk S. V. , Svyrydiuk O. E. , Bortnik I. M. , Momonova M.Y. , Vyval M.B.
Published: June 2020

Intracranial pial arteriovenous fistula (PAVF) is a rare cerebrovascular pathology characterized by abnormal direct high-flow connection between the pial or cortical feeding artery and draining vein. Dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF) is a pathological shunt between the meningeal arteries and dural sinuses or meningeal veins. In case of association between PAVF and DAVF, diagnosis and treatment are more challenging. The high-flow arteriovenous shunt and deep venous drainage make PAVF more preferable for endovascular treatment; however, their embolization during single-session procedures can lead to extensive thrombosis of the draining veins and unfavorable outcomes. We present a case report of endovascular embolization of an intracranial PAVF–DAVF in a 2.5-year-old child. At the time of admission, the patient had hydrocephalus, mental retardation, pyramidal insufficiency, and seizures. Occlusion of the fistula was performed during two stages of embolization to reduce the risk of severe venous stasis and venous thrombosis. Guglielmi detachable coils (GDCs) and a liquid embolic agent (Histoacryl with Lipiodol) were used for embolization. The patient recovered well after the procedure, with significant mental improvement. This suggests that the deployment of GDCs in the afferent artery near a fistula before embolization with a liquid embolic agent can minimize the risk of uncontrolled penetration of the embolization into the draining veins and dural sinus. A multisession procedure can be an effective and reasonable method of PAVF and DAVF occlusion among existing treatment options.
Computed Tomography Evaluation of Craniovertebral Junction in Asymptomatic Central Rural Indian Population
Authors: Gupta Prasheelkumar Premnarayan , Dhok Atul Manohar , Shaikh Salman T. , Patil Akshay Shrirang , Gupta Deepak , Jagdhane Nitin Nandkumar
Published: June 2020

Objectives Craniovertebral junction (CVJ) is a unique, mobile and complicated component of our spine which necessitates specific study pertaining to its structure as well as pathologies. This study aims to report the normative data detailing the CVJ anatomy among the rural population of Central India which would help us in understanding the joint dynamics.

Materials and Methods A retrospective observational study was undertaken in the Department of Neurosurgery and Radiology, Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Sewagram, Maharashtra, from December 2018 to May 2019. A total of 255 head injury patients with a normal CT brain cervical spine were included in this study. Anterior and posterior atlantodental interval (AADI/PADI), clivus length (CL), foramen magnum diameter (FMD), Boogard’s and basal angle (BOO & BA) were measured and analyzed.

Statistical Analysis Statistical analysis was done using Microsoft Excel 2016. A web-based, open source application known as OpenEpi.com (version 3.01) was used for applying unpaired t-test.

Results This study had a mean age of 42.9 years. The difference in mean value of AADI between male and female population was not found to be statistically significant, while in case of PADI, CL, FMD, BOO and BA, it was found to be significant (p < 0.05). On comparison of cases with age ≤ 20 years and > 20 years, we found the difference in values of ADI, CL and FMD to be statistically significant (p < 0.05).

Conclusion Although there are some similarities, namely, AADI measurements as compared with other studies, there are differences in cutoff values of other parameters. Being a major draining reference center for rural population in India, this data can be extrapolated to a similar population for reference.
Variation in Electronic Health Record Workflow Patterns: A Multisite study
Authors: Kandaswamy Swaminathan , Wei Jiajun , Will Amy , Savage Erica , Ratwani Raj M. , Hettinger Aaron Z. , Miller Kristen
Published: June 2020

Objectives Electronic health records (EHRs) continue to have significant usability challenges in part due to differences in workflow. The objective of this study was to examine workflow pattern variations for one specific task: emergency physicians placing a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) order.

Methods A between-subjects usability study was conducted using two different major EHR vendor products across four different provider sites (n = 55). A clinical scenario concerning for spinal cord compression was read to participants who then completed an ordering task using a training environment representative of their native EHR. The primary outcome measures were accuracy, time on task, and number of clicks.

Results We identified four different workflows to complete the same order. One workflow required two steps (enabled at one site), one workflow required four steps (enabled at two sites), and two workflows required six steps to complete the task (available at all sites). Of the 12 physicians who employed the two-step workflow, 8 (67%) had the correct order and correct indication, the average time on task was 29.65 (standard deviation [SD] = 13.77), and the mean number of clicks was 13.5 (SD = 18.87). In contrast, for the 43 physicians who employed other workflows, 7 (21%) had the correct order and correct indication, with the average time on task of 73.1 (SD = 30.12) and mean clicks of 27.64 (SD = 13.25) (p < 0.01 for all three comparisons).

Discussion These different approaches were made possible by technical specifications leading to multiple workflow options available to physicians in the EHR environment. EHR design maximizing usability can reduce the work effort and improve the accuracy of physician ordering.
The Importance of Staging Arthroscopy for Chondral Defects of the Knee
Authors: Salem Hytham S. , Chaudhry Zaira S. , Lucenti Ludovico , Tucker Bradford S. , Freedman Kevin B.
Published: June 2020

This study aims to evaluate the role of staging arthroscopy in the diagnosis of knee chondral defects and subsequent surgical planning prior to autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI), osteochondral allograft transplantation (OCA), and meniscus allograft transplantation (MAT). All patients who underwent staging arthroscopy prior to ACI, OCA, or MAT at our institution from 2005 to 2015 were identified. Medical records were reviewed to document the diagnosis and treatment plan based on symptoms, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings and previous operative records. Operative records of the subsequent staging arthroscopy procedure were reviewed to document the proposed treatment plan after arthroscopy. All changes in treatment plan following staging arthroscopy were recorded. Univariate analyses were performed to identify any significant predictors for likelihood to change. A total of 98 patients were included in our analysis. A change in surgical plan was made following arthroscopy in 36 patients (36.7%). Fourteen patients (14.3%) were found to have additional defects that warranted cartilage restoration surgery. In 15 patients (15.3%), at least one defect that was originally thought to warrant cartilage restoration surgery was found to be amenable to debridement alone. The surgical plan was changed from ACI to OCA in four cases (4.1%) and OCA to ACI in one case (1%). A previously proposed MAT was deemed unwarranted in one case (1%), and a planned meniscal repair was changed to MAT in another (1%). Patient age, sex, and the affected knee compartment were not predictors for a change in surgical plan. Body mass index (BMI) was significantly higher in patients who had a change in surgical plan (29.5 kg/m2) compared with those who did not (26.5 kg/m2). A change in surgical plan was more likely to occur for trochlear lesions (46.4%) compared with other articular surface lesions (p = 0.008). The results of our study indicate that staging arthroscopy is an important step in determining the most appropriate treatment plan for chondral defects and meniscal deficiency, particularly those with trochlear cartilage lesions.
Preventing COVID-19 Transmission on Labor and Delivery: A Decision Analysis
Authors: Savitsky Leah M. , Albright Catherine M.
Published: June 2020

Objective The health care system has been struggling to find the optimal way to protect patients and staff from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Our objective was to evaluate the impact of two strategies on transmission of COVID-19 to health care workers (HCW) on labor and delivery (L&D).

Study Design We developed a decision analytic model comparing universal COVID-19 screening and universal PPE on L&D. Probabilities and costs were derived from the literature. We used individual models to evaluate different scenarios including spontaneous labor, induced labor, and planned cesarean delivery (CD). The primary outcome was the cost to prevent COVID-19 infection in one HCW. A cost-effectiveness threshold was set at $25,000 to prevent a single infection in an HCW.

Results In the base case using a COVID-19 prevalence of 0.36% (the rate in the United States at the time), universal screening is the preferred strategy because while universal PPE is more effective at preventing COVID-19 transmission, it is also more costly, costing $4,175,229 and $3,413,251 to prevent one infection in the setting of spontaneous and induced labor, respectively. For planned CD, universal PPE is cost saving. The model is sensitive to variations in the prevalence of COVID-19 and the cost of PPE. Universal PPE becomes cost-effective at a COVID-19 prevalence of 34.3 and 29.5% and at a PPE cost of $512.62 and $463.20 for spontaneous and induced labor, respectively. At a higher cost-effectiveness threshold, the prevalence of COVID-19 can be lower for universal PPE to become cost-effective.

Conclusion Universal COVID-19 screening is generally the preferred option. However, in locations with high COVID-19 prevalence or where the local societal cost of one HCW being unavailable is the highest such as in rural areas, universal PPE may be cost-effective and preferred. This model may help to provide guidance regarding allocation of resources on L&D during these current and future pandemics.

Key Points
Source-measuring unit for characterizing resistive switching devices
Authors: Stoliar P.
Published: June 2020

This manuscript presents a home-made source-measuring unit (SMU) that was developed to characterize Resistive Switching (RS) devices. It can apply voltage up to ±10 V (setting time <1 µs) and measure the current at the same time. The particularity of this SMU is that it can rapidly switch between high current measurements (up to ±25 mA, settling time <25 µs) and low current measurements (typically ∼100 nA, noise level with digital filtering <1 nA, settling time <2 ms). This characteristic allows intercalating writing pulses (pulses consuming high currents that change the resistance of the RS device) and reading pulses (low voltage bias to check the change of resistance). The SMU is based on four operational amplifiers that interface with the personal computer via a general-purpose acquisition system; it uses one digital-to-analog converter output and two analog-to-digital converter inputs. Details of the acquisition software and complete experimental setup to obtain hysteresis switching loops (HSLs) are provided as well. This acquisition setup was used in the work of Stoliar et al. [Sci. Rep. 9, 17740 (2019)] to characterize ferroelectric tunnel junctions. One example of a HSL experiment with these devices is included.
Influence of MoO3 on electrical properties and thermal depolarization of Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3-BaTiO3 lead-free piezoceramics
Authors: Jin Jiaxin , Wu Fengmin , Wang Junjun , Zhang Chunxiao , Lin Weipeng , Liu Danqing , Yang Bin
Published: June 2020

In this work, electric properties of undoped and MoO3-doped 0.93Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3-0.07BaTiO3 ceramics (BNT-BT: x mol. % MoO3) are systematically studied. At room temperature, the optimum piezoelectric property (d33 = 177.0 pC/N) was observed in BNT-BT: 0.10Mo ceramics, with remanent polarization (Pr = 32.15 μC/cm2), electromechanical coupling coefficient (kt = 0.578, kp = 0.169, k31 = 0.180), and mechanical quality factor (Qm = 90.3). Mo doping was found to have a positive effect on the depolarization temperature Td, and k31 showed excellent thermal stability at BNT-BT: 0.05Mo ceramics. These findings confirm that Mo doping is an effective method to improve BNT-based lead-free ceramics.
Solar energy absorption rate of 94%-97% is achieved using natural hyperbolic material
Authors: Mandel Savannah
Published: June 2020

An almost perfect solar energy absorber is designed using a natural anisotropic material fabricated through electrochemical deposition.