bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Functional asymmetry of invertebrates’ nervous system on the example of spatial orientation of the Tentyriini tribe beetles
Authors: Moroz K. O.
Published: March 2015

The functional asymmetry of the nervous system of insects was studied on an example of two taxonomically and ecologically closed darkling beetles: Anatolica eremita (Steven, 1829) and Tentiria nomas taurica (Pallas, 1781). Species-specificity of motor-spatial asymmetry is revealed for imago of these species. Spatial differentiation of specimens’ movement for “right-handers”, “left-handers” and “ambidexters” with different degree of the sign display was investigated. Fluctuations and distributing of values of the asymmetry ratio for both species of the darkling beetles were determined. Influence of the first priority of the locomotion direction on further orientational manifestations was analysed.
Аналіз рослинності колкових лісових екосистем північного степу України
Authors: Nazarenko N. M. , Loza I. M.
Published: March 2015

Проведений аналіз рослинності колкових лісових екосистем дозволив виділити та уточнити їх класифікаційні та типологічні одиниці, які статистично значимо диференціюються за екотопічними та ценотичними параметрами. Охарактеризовано екотопічні та ценотичні параметри колкових лісових екосистем, для яких обґрунтована наявність рядів гігрогенного та едафогенного заміщення та сукцесійних рядів. Наведено фітоіндикаційну характеристику провідних режимів екологічних факторів. Провідні фактори, що визначають характеристики, структуру та склад колкових лісових екосистем, – зменшення ґрунтового зволоження, зростання амплітуди річних температур і кислотність ґрунтів.
Інтенсивність дихання лучних рослин лівобережного лісостепу України
Authors: Orlova L. D.
Published: March 2015

Досліджено інтенсивність дихання лучних представників 14 родин класу Magnoliopsida (Dycotyledores) та двох родин класу Liliopsida (Monocotyledones). Межі коливань показника – від 0,10 до 1,54 мг СО2/г сирої ваги за годину. З’ясовано, що однорічні види мали низькі та середні значення. У ксерофітних видів інтенсивність дихання була низька та середня. Доведено залежність показника від умов навколишнього середовища та фази онтогенезую.
Методологічні аспекти оцінки екологічного стану урбанізованих і техногенно змінених територій
Authors: Parpan V. I. , Mylenka M. M.
Published: March 2015

Запропоновано алгоритм здійснення біоіндикаційної оцінки екологічного стану урбанізованих і техногенно змінених територій. Виділено найінформативніші маркери урботехногенної напруги середовища на різних рівнях організації біосистем. Складено шкалу оцінки життєвості та біоіндикаційної перспективності рослин в умовах антропогенно трансформованих екотопів
Аналіз відновлення крони у рослин Tilia platyphyllos та T. cordata після глибокого омолоджувального обрізування
Authors: Ponomaryova E. А. , Bessonova V. P.
Published: March 2015

Розглянуто вплив глибокого омолоджувального обрізування на відновлення крони дерев роду Tilia L. в умовах антропогенного забруднення. В омолоджених дерев спостерігається інтенсивніший і триваліший ріст пагонів, на них формується більша кількість листків порівняно з рослинами, що не зазнали процедури. Спостерігали майже повне відновлення крони у омолоджених дерев через декілька років.
Особливості флори судинних і мохоподібних рослин ландшафтного заказника “Грофа” (Українські Карпати, масив Ґорґани)
Authors: Pozynych I. S. , Savitska A. G.
Published: March 2015

Наведено відомості про ландшафтний заказник загальнодержавного значення “Грофа”. Досліджено флористичний склад лісових і лучних угруповань заказника. Виявлено типові та рідкісні види для цих угруповань. Доповнено список рідкісних і червонокнижних видів рослин. Вивчено бріо­флору заказника, що нараховує 117 видів мохоподібних (87 мохів і 30 печіночників). Охарактеризовано видове представництво мохоподібних у поширених у заказнику рослинних угрупованнях
Життєві форми ендемічних видів жуків-турунів (Coleoptera, Carabidae) у лісових екосистемах Горґан
Authors: Pushkar V. S.
Published: March 2015

У лісових екосистемах Ґорґан виявлено 11 ендемічних видів жуків-турунів, що склали 12,2 % усієї фауни турунів дослідженого регіону. У результаті морфометричного аналізу визначено екоморфи ендемічних видів карабід і доповнено систему життєвих форм І. Х. Шарової (1981). Усіх ендеміків віднесли до класу зоофаги, підкласів епігеобіос і стратобіос, п’яти життєвих форм. Аналіз спектрів життєвих форм ендеміків лісових екосистем Ґорґан вказує на широке освоєння ними екологічних ніш у дослідженому регіоні.
Cтруктура угруповань турунів (Coleoptera, Carabidae) лісових екосистем Горґан
Authors: Pushkar V. S. , Parpan V. I.
Published: March 2015

Досліджено структуру угруповань жуків-турунів лісових екосистем Ґорґан. Оцінено видову, екоморфічну структури, структури домінування, охарактеризовано екологічні групи турунів. Син­екологічний аналіз виявив особливості формування видового складу та структури угруповань турунів у лісових екосистемах Ґорґан. Bиявлено стабільні та нестабільні карабідоугруповання.
Вовк (Сanis lupus) на території Кримського півострова
Authors: Smirnova I. A. , Domnich V. I. , Nicolchenko A. A.
Published: March 2015

Наведено результати досліджень Canis lupus L. на території Кримського півострова. Проаналізовано історичні та сучасні характеристики кількісного складу поголів’я виду. Визначено основні центри концентрації вовків. Досліджено раціон вовка, розглянуто умови, що впливають на поширення виду. З’ясовано, що у наш час вовк у Криму вже досяг території передгір’я.
Зоопланктон оз. Яхробольское (Ярославская обл.)
Authors: Stolbunova V. N.
Published: March 2015

Изучен зоопланктон оз. Яхробольское (Ярославская обл.) в заросшей макрофитами литорали и открытом плесе водоема в период активного функционирования сообщества. Небольшая глубина и близкие экологические условия в разных частях озера определяют слабо выраженную специфичность видовой структуры зоопланктонных комплексов. Максимум плотности и биомассы зоопланктона прослеживается в заросшем мелководье. Значительную часть численности составляют младшие возрастные стадии Сopepoda, кормовые объекты молоди рыб-планктофагов. Озеро Яхробольское характеризуется как эвтрофный водоем.
Зоопланктон как кормовой ресурс молоди рыб в прибрежном мелководье Рыбинского водохранилища
Authors: Stolbunova V. N. , Stolbunov I. A.
Published: March 2015

Исследованы видовой состав, доминантные виды и количественные характеристики зоо­планктона в разных биотопах прибрежного мелководья Рыбинского водохранилища в конце августа 2009 года. В составе зоопланктонных сообществ выявлено 75 таксонов, среди которых преобладают ракообразные. Большинство из них относится к прибрежным формам. Наибольшие величины численности и биомассы зоопланктона, а также плотности скоплений молоди рыб отмечены в устьевых участках рек–притоков водохранилища.
Склад ліпідів у насінні гіркокаштана звичайного, клена гостролистого та дуба звичайного в умовах Дніпропетровського регіону
Authors: Filonik I. O. , Zamorueva L. F. , Kisla A. A.
Published: March 2015

Досліджено показники ліпідного обміну (рівень загальних ліпідів та їх склад, компонентний склад вільних жирних кислот) у насінні гіркокаштана звичайного, клена гостролистого та дуба звичайного з різних ділянок техногенного забруднення м. Дніпропетровськ. Виявлено зниження вмісту загальних ліпідів у насінні гіркокаштана звичайного та клена гостролистого з більшості промислових територій та збільшення вмісту ліпідів у насінні дуба звичайного; відмічено редукцію фракції вільних жирних кислот у насінні трьох видів дерев. Вивчені зміни показників вмісту та складу ліпідів у деревних культур свідчать про їх адаптивні можливості при антропогенному забрудненні у промисловому регіоні.
Склад молочного жиру корів у різні строки після отелення
Authors: Tsyupko V. V.
Published: March 2015

Проаналізовано експериментальні дані щодо вмісту основних жирних кислот у молоці корів залежно від стадії лактації. Показано, що стадія лактації більше впливає на вміст біологічно цінних ненасичених міристолеїнової, лінолевої та ліноленової кислот. Інша частина жирних кислот має порівняно сталу конфігурацію.
The relationship of work-related psychosocial risk factors with depressive symptoms among Hungarian workers.Preliminary results of the Hungarian Work Stress Survey
Authors: Nistor Katalin , Nistor Anikó , Ádám Szilvia , Szabó Anita , Konkolÿ Thege Barna , Stauder Adrienne
Published: March 2015

Introduction: Research has shown that psychosocial stress acts as a risk factor for mental disorders. Aim: The present study aims at processing the preliminary results of the Hungarian Survey of Work Stress, concerning the relationship between depressive symptoms and work stress. Methods: Cross-sectional survey among Hungarian workers was carried out (n = 1058, 27.5% man, 72.5% woman, age 37.2 years, SD = 11 years). Psychosocial factors were measured using the COPSOQ II questionnaire, while BDI-9 was used for the assessment of depressive symptoms. Statistical analysis was carried out applying Spearman’s correlation and logistic regression. Results: A quarter of the workers reported moderate or severe symptoms of depression (BDI≥19). The study confirmed the association between depressive symptoms and work-family conflict (OR = 2.21, CI: 1.82–2.68), possibilities for development (OR = 0.76, CI: 0.59–0.97) meaning of work (OR = 0.69, CI: 0.59–0.89) and commitment (OR = 0.60, CI: 0.47–0.78). Conclusion: The results point toward the need of such organizational measures that allow for the reduction of psychosocial stress. Orv. Hetil., 2015, 156(11), 439–448.
Autoimmune haemolytic anaemia: a review and report of four cases
Authors: Nyilas Renáta , Székely Borbála , Váróczy László , Simon Zsófia , Árokszállási Anita , Illés Árpád , Gergely Lajos
Published: March 2015

Treatment of autoimmune haemolytic anaemia is still a challenge to clinicians. Even today it may be lethal. Half of the cases are secondary due to an underlying disease, and the others are primary or idiopathic cases. According to the specificity and type of autoantibodies there are warm and cold type forms of autoimmune haemolytic anaemia. The hallmark of the diagnosis is to detect the presence of haemolysis by clinical and laboratory signs and detect the underlying autoantibodies. Treatment of autoimmune haemolytic anaemia is still a challenge to clinicians. We still loose patients due to excessive haemolysis or severe infections caused by immunosuppression. First line treatment is corticosteroids. Other immunosuppressive agents like: cyclophosphamide, azathioprine, cyclosporine or the off label rituximab can be used in case of corticosteroid refractoriness. Splenectomy is a considerable option in selective cases. The authors discuss treatment options and highlight difficulties by presenting 4 cases. Orv. Hetil., 2015, 156(11), 449–456.
Ocular symptoms and treatment of Ebola viral disease
Authors: Végh Mihály , Roth Hans-Walter , Hári-Kovács András , Facskó Andrea
Published: March 2015

Ocular signs and symptoms of Ebola infection initially suggest banal conjunctivitis, but in advanced cases severe haemorrhagic conjunctivitis appears and, in the final stage of the disease, retinal and chorioidal haemorrhages may occur which can cause even blindness. Although the viral infection accompanied by ocular symptoms of a non-specific conjunctivitis, the high fever present from the onset of the disease should raise the suspicion of Ebola infection. There is no causal therapy know so far, and the only adjunctive treatment may be delivered by an ophthalmologist. Because the virus can be detected in the tear, it can theoretically be the mediator of the infection and, therefore, ophthalmological examinations should be carried out with the highest caution. In case of suspected Ebola infection the nearest competent healthcare authority should be immediately alerted in order to take further actions. Orv. Hetil., 2015, 156(11), 431–433.
Cloning and law in Hungary
Authors: Julesz Máté
Published: March 2015

Reproductive human cloning is prohibited in Hungary, as in many other countries. Therapeutic human cloning is not prohibited, just like in many other countries. Stem cell therapy is also allowed. Article III, paragraph (3) of the Hungarian basic law (constitution) strictly forbids total human cloning. Article 1 of the Additional Protocol to the Oviedo Convention, on the Prohibition of Cloning Human Beings (1998) stipulates that any intervention seeking to create a human being genetically identical to another human being, whether living or dead, is prohibited. In Hungary, according to Article 174 of the Criminal Code, total human cloning constitutes a crime. Article 180, paragraph (3) of the Hungarian Act on Health declares that embryos shall not be brought about for research purposes; research shall be conducted only on embryos brought about for reproductive purposes when this is authorized by the persons entitled to decide upon its disposal, or when the embryo is damaged. Article 180, paragraph (5) of the Hungarian Act on Health stipulates that multiple individuals who genetically conform to one another shall not be brought about. According to Article 181, paragraph (1) of the Hungarian Act on Health, an embryo used for research shall be kept alive for not longer than 14 days, not counting the time it was frozen for storage and the time period of research. Orv. Hetil., 2015, 156(11), 434–438.
Oncology-related issues of angiotensin-receptor blockers
Authors: Telekes András , Kiss István
Published: March 2015

Recently controversial data emerged regarding the cancer inducing activity of angiotensin-receptor blockers. There may be several reasons which may explain the controversial data published in the scientific literature including wrong trial design or misinterpretation of data. Considering the large number of patients receiving treatment for hypertension, it is essential to have a clear view of the cancer-related safety of these drugs. This paper tries to give an overview on this issue based on data available in the literature. According to our present knowledge, angiotensin-receptor blockers exert more likely anticancer activity rather than carcinogenesis inducing effect. In fact, some oncologic trials point to this direction, because angiotensin-receptor blockers are suggested as co-treatment to chemotherapy in cases of pancreatic, oesophageal and gastric cancers. Orv. Hetil., 2015, 156(11), 423–430.
Formation Process of a Rhenium-Based Diffusion Barrier on a Nickel-Based Superalloy
Authors: Wang Yongming , Ohnuki Somei , Narita Toshio
Published: March 2015

The formation process of Rhenium-based diffusion barrier coating on Nickel-based superalloy has been investigated in present paper. The diffusion barrier can be formed by two steps, electroplating and Cr cementation. A tri-layer film structure consisting of Ni / Re~63Ni~37 / Ni was prepared by electrolytic plating onto the substrate of a Ni-based single-crystal superalloy, it was found that the Re-Ni plating film composed of amorphous alloy which is characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The changes of the barrier films which formed by followed Cr-Pack cementations at 1573 K for 20 min, 50 min, 240 min, 360 min and 600 min, respectively, were investigated by Scan Electron Microscope (SEM) and Electron Probe Micro Analyzer (EPMA). Changing in the thickness of barrier film exhibited two stages, and the composition of barrier film changed along the curve of solubility limit of Ni in Re-Ni-Cr sigma phase.
Simplified three-dimensional model provides anatomical insights in lizards' caudal autotomy as printed illustration
Authors: AMORIM JOANA D.C.G. DE , TRAVNIK ISADORA , SOUSA BERNADETE M. DE
Published: March 2015

Lizards' caudal autotomy is a complex and vastly employed antipredator mechanism, with thorough anatomic adaptations involved. Due to its diminished size and intricate structures, vertebral anatomy is hard to be clearly conveyed to students and researchers of other areas. Three-dimensional models are prodigious tools in unveiling anatomical nuances. Some of the techniques used to create them can produce irregular and complicated forms, which despite being very accurate, lack didactical uniformity and simplicity. Since both are considered fundamental characteristics for comprehension, a simplified model could be the key to improve learning. The model here presented depicts the caudal osteology of Tropidurus itambere, and was designed to be concise, in order to be easily assimilated, yet complete, not to compromise the informative aspect. The creation process requires only basic skills in manipulating polygons in 3D modeling softwares, in addition to the appropriate knowledge of the structure to be modeled. As reference for the modeling, we used microscopic observation and a photograph database of the caudal structures. This way, no advanced laboratory equipment was needed and all biological materials were preserved for future research. Therefore, we propose a wider usage of simplified 3D models both in the classroom and as illustrations for scientific publications.
Transporte de cabotagem no Porto de Suape, Pernambuco: uma pesquisa exploratória
Authors: Cruz Simone Maria Lucena , Araújo Maria Creuza Borges de , Alencar Luciana Hazin
Published: March 2015

A utilização de contêineres tem reflexos expressivos no volume de produtos movimentados para importação e exportação nos portos brasileiros. Nesse sentido, a movimentação de cargas via cabotagem tem-se mostrado uma alternativa viável para o transporte de cargas no país. Este trabalho teve como objetivo identificar os fatores de competitividade das empresas de cabotagem do Porto de Suape, Pernambuco. Para tanto, aplicou-se um questionário para coleta de dados em empresas clientes do porto e uma análise estatística para a obtenção de um diagnóstico sobre este modal. Os resultados fornecem uma visão dos clientes quanto à cabotagem, assim como dos aspectos que trazem diferenciação à atividade principal de transporte realizada pelo armador e que têm maior importância para os clientes. Tais resultados permitem aos armadores reavaliar sua estratégia de atuação no mercado e, aos clientes, uma visão ampla, que auxiliará na tomada de decisão em relação à estratégia de transporte escolhida.
O miscigenado brasileiro e o assimilado australiano: discursos da etno-musicologia nas duas ex-colônias europeias.
Authors: Mendes Junior Walcler de Lima
Published: March 2015

O artigo aqui apresentado configura-se como uma análise etnográfica comparada dos processos de colonização e formação de identidade nacional no Brasil e na Austrália. O artigo configura-se também como resultado de minha pesquisa na Austrália junto aos departamentos de sociologia e antropologia da Universidade de Newcastle, NSW, com a colaboração dos professores Nick Higginbothan e John Maynnard. Tomo por objeto empírico a produção da música popular australiana com características étnicas no intuito de analisar certas relações entre a forma de se pensar a música popular na Austrália, em especial o Rock, o Country e o Folk de músicos aborígenes.
ANÁLISE DE INDICADORES DE DESEMPENHO: ESTUDO DE CASO DE EMPRESA DO SEGMENTO DE CONSTRUÇÃO CIVIL DE MACEIÓ.AL.
Authors: Gonçalves Sandra de Lourdes , Herculino Leite Luciana Barros
Published: March 2015

O artigo apresentado trata-se de pesquisa realizada em empresa do ramo da construção civil, onde foram coletados dados de seis setores administrativos, quais sejam: Financeiro, Contabilidade, Recursos Humanos, Setor Pessoal, Comercial e Tecnologia da Informação. O objetivo primordial é a realização de uma análise comparativa de desempenho através do uso de indicadores escolhidos, sendo eles: indicador de retenção de talento, tempo de trabalho, remuneração e benefícios, objetivando uma análise do índice de investimento da empresa em relação ao seu incentivo e seu retorno. Com toda a análise realizada foi possível ao setor de recursos humanos, apresentar resultados para a alta administração da organização e desta forma contribuir para, um melhor andamento do planejamento estratégico e para a tomada de decisões, com o intuito de propor as melhoria como um todo na empresa.
Does flood rhythm drive ecosystem responses in tropical riverscapes?
Authors: Jardine Timothy D. , Bond Nicholas R. , Burford Michele A. , Kennard Mark J. , Ward Douglas P. , Bayliss Peter , Davies Peter M. , Douglas Michael M. , Hamilton Stephen K. , Melack John M. , Naiman Robert J. , Pettit Neil E. , Pusey Bradley J. , Warfe Danielle M. , Bunn Stuart E.
Published: March 2015

Biotic communities are shaped by adaptations from generations of exposure to selective pressures by recurrent and often infrequent events. In large rivers, floods can act as significant agents of change, causing considerable physical and biotic disturbance while often enhancing productivity and diversity. We show that the relative balance between these seemingly divergent outcomes can be explained by the rhythmicity, or predictability of the timing and magnitude, of flood events. By analyzing biological data for large rivers that span a gradient of rhythmicity in the Neotropics and tropical Australia, we find that systems with rhythmic annual floods have higher fish species richness, more stable avian populations, and elevated rates of riparian forest production compared with those with arrhythmic flood pulses. Intensification of the hydrological cycle driven by climate change, coupled with reductions in runoff due to water extractions for human use and altered discharge from impoundments, is expected to alter the hydrologic rhythmicity of floodplain rivers with significant consequences for both biodiversity and productivity.
Checkrein Deformity Associated with Intra-Articular Talar Fracture
Authors: Abolfotouh Sameh M. , Mahmoud Karim M. , Mekhaimar Mohamed M. , Said Nader , Al Dosari Mohammed A.
Published: March 2015

Cases:

We present three cases of checkrein deformity associated with intra-articular talar fracture. Two of the cases were secondary to entrapment of the flexor hallucis longus (FHL) tendon between fracture fragments, and one was related to the increased pathway of the FHL tendon around the dislocated talar body. All cases were diagnosed and treated on the day of injury.

Conclusion:

Physicians should suspect the entrapment of the FHL tendon in cases of flexion deformity of the hallux associated with talar fracture. Proper examination of the forefoot when a patient presents with a hindfoot injury will help to avoid missing such deformities.
Initial Treatment of “Pelvic Injuries” with Commercially Available Pelvic Binders Results in Displacement of Acetabular Fractures
Authors: Auston Darryl A. , Simpson R. Bruce
Published: March 2015

Cases:

Three hemodynamically stable patients with displaced acetabular fractures were treated with commercially available pelvic binders after blunt trauma. In two of the patients, placement of the binder corresponded with transfer from a community hospital to a tertiary care facility.

Conclusion:

The pelvic binder is an increasingly utilized portable device that can provide lifesaving tamponade in patients with hemodynamically unstable pelvic injuries. However, incorrect application of the device may expose patients to unnecessary morbidity. This report demonstrates the need to establish appropriate guidelines and provide training for first responders and community physicians who are likely to encounter these fractures in the acute setting.
Research on Compound Pitch Control Technology of Direct-drive Permanent Magnet Wind Turbine
Authors: Xiao Yancai , Huo Wenjian , Nan Guiqing
Published: March 2015

The conventional PID pitch controller was usually used in direct-drive permanent magnet wind turbine in order
to maintain the output power unchanged above the rated wind speed. However, due to the complex structure of wind turbine
as well as high nonlinearity of wind speed, the effect of PID control method is often less than ideal. A new pitch control
method combined with fuzzy adaptive PID and fuzzy feed forward controller is proposed in this paper. The fuzzy
adaptive PID controller is able to ensure the unit having a better control result than PID controller at various wind speeds.
The fuzzy feed forward controller has improved the responsiveness of pitch control system. With the simulation of a
1.5MW wind turbine, the responsiveness and stability of wind turbine can be effectively proved by the new pitch control
method above the rated wind speed, the system’s overshoot is also reduced, which satisfies the demand of power control.
Operation Modes and Energy Analysis of a New Ice-Storage Air-Conditioning System
Authors: Liang Kunfeng , Ren Xianle , Ruan Chunlei , Wang Lin
Published: March 2015

Based on the idea of temperature and humidity independent control, a new air-conditioning system is presented,
which combines ice storage air-conditioning system and capillary radiation air-conditioning. And the ground-source is
also applied to provide high temperature for the cold source for capillary radiation air-conditioning. The air-conditioning
system is characterized by power load peak load shifting, reducing energy consumption and providing good thermal comfort.
Taking an office building in Hangzhou area as an example, the experiment is developed by calculating building load,
designing air-conditioning schemes and making cold storage strategy. In order to compare with conventional airconditioning
system, energy consumption has been analyzed. The results show that the ice storage air-conditioning system
has advantages in energy conservation.
Dynamic Analysis of Gear and Rack Transmission System
Authors: Yanjun Xiao , Lihu He , Jiayu Zhu , Yanchun Xiao
Published: March 2015

This paper firstly established a three-dimensional modal of gear and rack transmission system. By using finite
element analysis software the model is analyzed and the first six natural frequencies of the gear and rack transmission
system are acquired. According to the natural frequencies, actual working speed can be adjusted to avoid resonance. In
light of the modal analysis, the transient dynamic finite element model of the gear and rack transmission system is
established for the transient dynamic analysis. According to the equivalent stress contour of the gear and rack in contact
progress at various times and based on transient dynamic analysis, contact strength and bending strength of the gear are
verified and the maximum equivalent stress position is found, providing a theoretical basis for the optimization of the gear
and rack.
Mesotherapy-Induced Panniculitis Treated with Dapsone: Case Report and Review of Reported Adverse Effects of Mesotherapy
Authors: Tan Jennifer , Rao Babar
Published: March 2015

Background:

Mesotherapy is a procedure involving the injection of substances into the dermis and subcutaneous tissue. Used in Europe for decades in the treatment of various medical conditions and cosmetic fat dissolution, the technique only recently became widely available in the United States. Mesotherapy has been surrounded by controversy pertaining to efficacy and has been associated with localized complications, including allergic reactions, necrosis, and infections. Panniculitis is a rare adverse reaction to mesotherapy that may result from injection pressure, local trauma, or the type of injected substances.

Objective:

Treatment options for complications are limited. We report a case of mesotherapy-induced panniculitis successfully treated with dapsone.

Conclusion:

This case illustrates one of the potential adverse effects of mesotherapy and suggests that dapsone may be effective in the treatment of panniculitis resulting from such injections. Reported adverse effects associated with mesotherapy are also reviewed.
Efalizumab in the Treatment of Psoriasis
Authors: Gupta Aditya K. , Cherman Andréa M.
Published: March 2015

Background:

Efalizumab (anti-CD11a), a targeted, reversible T-cell modulator, is a humanized monoclonal antibody that provides a rapid onset of action of clinical benefit and has been studied up to 36 months, showing continuous control of plaque-type psoriasis. Efalizumab has recently been approved in Canada for this indication.

Objective:

To examine the efficacy and safety of efalizumab by presenting the latest data in the treatment of psoriasis.

Methods:

We searched MEDLINE (1966–2005) for randomized, double-blind studies of efalizumab (1 mg/kg for 12 weeks) using the following key words: psoriasis, efalizumab, biologics, and treatment.

Results:

It was found that the proportion of patients who achieved Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) 75 and PASI 50 ranged from 22 to 39% and 52 to 61%, respectively. PASI 75 improvement was achieved in 44% of patients, who continued to receive efalizumab by week 24. Following 36 months of continuous treatment, a PASI 75 response was achieved by 45% (intent-to-treat [ITT] analysis), 59% (maintenance group analysis), and 73% (as-treated analysis). Its safety profile was similar during the 12-week and 36-month treatment periods.

Conclusions:

Currently, more than 3,500 patients have received efalizumab in clinical trials. Efalizumab may be an important treatment option for dermatologists seeking to provide a well-tolerated and effective treatment modality for patients with moderate to severe chronic plaque psoriasis.
Drug Hypersensitivity Syndrome Caused by Minocycline
Authors: Tsuruta Daisuke , Someda Yukiko , Sowa Junko , Kobayashi Hiromi , Ishii Masamitsu
Published: March 2015

Background:

Minocycline is a commonly prescribed drug for the treatment of acne. Its use is generally not associated with systemic side effects.

Objective:

To describe a case of minocycline-induced drug hypersensitivity syndrome in a 20-year-old Japanese woman.

Methods and Results:

Following 2 months of minocycline treatment, the patient developed skin lesions composed of exudative maculopapules, purpuratous macules, and target-like, erythema multiforme-like plaques over most of her body. In addition, she had fever, abnormal liver function tests, eosinophilia, and atypical lymphocytosis. Laboratory tests indicated no elevation of antibody titers against cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, and human herpesvirus 6. Her ongoing exposure to minocycline was stopped, and treatment with oral prednisolone was begun. Her signs, symptoms, and laboratory abnormalities then began to resolve. Subsequently, the syndrome was observed to return briefly in response to an oral challenge with minocycline.

Conclusions:

Minocycline is able to elicit a drug hypersensitivity syndrome that can resemble infectious mononucleosis. This drug reaction can be treated effectively by cessation of exposure to this drug and steroid therapy.
Ultraviolet a Radiation and The Need for Protection
Authors: Bissonnette Robert , Claveau Joel , Gupta Aditya K.
Published: March 2015

Erythema is a readily visible, often painful, natural phenomenon indicative of prolonged cutaneous exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation in the UVB range. As a result, early sunscreens were designed to provide adequate protection from UVB radiation. However, the continuous rise in the melanoma incidence rate alludes to the existence of an established photocarcinogen from which we are not well protected. Recently, scientists have been evaluating the photodamaging effects caused by wavelengths other than UVB. They have presented evidence that suggests that UVA exposure poses a greater hazard than previously acknowledged. For this reason, more emphasis must be placed on the development of broad-spectrum sunscreens providing adequate UVA and UVB protection. Additionally, regular sunscreen application must be advocated, proactive sun-protective practices must be implemented, and greater public awareness of the harmful effects of UVA and UVB radiation must be improved on, with the hope of decreasing the rate of cutaneous malignant melanoma.
An Easy and Safe Procedure for Temporal Artery Biopsy
Authors: Noël Bernard
Published: March 2015

Background:

Temporal arteritis is a very serious form of vasculitis. Early treatment is essential to avoid blindness. Surgical biopsy of the temporal artery is the gold standard for the diagnosis, but facial nerve injuries may occur.

Objective:

To describe a simple and safe procedure for temporal artery biopsy.

Methods:

Case report.

Results:

A 62-year-old-woman with presumed temporal arteritis was referred. Precise localization of temporal arteries and its branches was obtained with color duplex ultrasonography. Arterial wall thickening (halo sign) was observed in the affected arterial segments. A frontal branch was precisely localized and infiltrated with 1% lidocaine. About 1 cm was removed for histopathologic examination. Thirty minutes was required to perform this outpatient procedure. The diagnosis of temporal arteritis was confirmed, and the patient was rapidly and successfully treated with prednisone.

Conclusions:

Color duplex ultrasonography allows precise localization of temporal arteries and its branches. This echocardiography-guided surgical procedure is easy and safe. Most dermatologic surgeons can perform it.
Acquired Port-Wine Stain in a Pediatric Patient
Authors: Afsar F. Sule , Ortac Ragıp
Published: March 2015

Background:

Acquired port-wine stains (PWSs) are vascular lesions that are identical to congenital PWSs morphologically and histopathologically.

Objective:

Because acquired PWSs are rarely seen in adult and pediatric patients, we present a 9-year-old boy with an acquired PWS on his left forearm.

Conclusion:

None of the proposed etiologies, such as trauma, chronic sun exposure, or hormonal medication, was applicable to our patient, and a literature review showed us that acquired PWSs give a faster and better response to pulsed dye laser therapy than congenital lesions do.
Cutaneous Reaction to Drugs Used for Erectile Dysfunction: Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Beach Renee A. , Murphy Frank , Vender Ronald B.
Published: March 2015

Background:

In the past 9 years, drugs for erectile dysfunction (ED) have been increasingly prescribed for men with erectile difficulty. These drugs, phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) inhibitors, help men with ED obtain and sustain an erection, improving both sexual function and sexual performance satisfaction. However, these drugs contain side effects.

Objectives:

A 56-year-old man developed an erythematous, circle-shaped lesion on his penis. The lesion was recurrent, with evidence of desquamation. The aim was to determine the source of the recurrent lesion based on its morphology and the patient's verbal history.

Results:

A clinical diagnosis of fixed drug eruption owing to use of the PDE5 inhibitor tadalafil (Cialis) was made. He was not rechallenged with the drug. However, he experienced a subsequent recurrence of the eruption on inadvertent rechallenge.

Conclusions:

We believe this case to be the first report of this type of reaction owing to tadalafil. Therefore, fixed drug eruption is a newly observable side effect of this drug.
Linear Lichen Planopilaris of the Trunk: First Report of a Case
Authors: Baker Kristi , Pehr Kevin
Published: March 2015

Background:

Lichen planopilaris (LPP) is believed to be a follicular variant of lichen planus that affects pilosebaceous units, mainly of the scalp. An extremely rare variant of LPP is a linear form, which follows the lines of Blaschko. Of the five previously documented cases of linear LPP, all were limited to the face.

Objective:

We report the case of a 34-year-old male who presented with a nonpruritic eruption on the trunk consisting of erythematous, keratotic, folliculocentric papules following Blaschko's lines.

Results:

Biopsy revealed lichenoid and interface dermatitis involving the basilar epidermis and hair follicles, as well as apoptotic keratinocytes, consistent with LPP.

Conclusion:

This represents the first documented case of LPP, following the Blaschko's lines, in a nonfacial distribution.
Outbreak of Acupuncture-Associated Cutaneous Mycobacterium Abscessus Infections
Authors: Tang Patrick , Walsh Scott , Murray Christian , Alterman Cecilia , Varia Monali , Broukhanski George , Chedore Pamela , DeKoven Joel , Assaad Dalai , Gold Wayne L. , Ghazarian Danny , Finkelstein Michael , Pritchard Marjolyn , Yaffe Barbara , Jamieson Frances , Henry Bonnie , Phillips Elizabeth
Published: March 2015

Background:

Cutaneous atypical mycobacterial infections have been increasingly described in association with cosmetic and alternative procedures.

Objective:

We report an outbreak of acupuncture-associated mycobacteriosis. Between April and December 2002, 32 patients developed cutaneous mycobacteriosis after visiting an acupuncture practice in Toronto, Canada.

Results:

Of 23 patients whose lesions were biopsied, 6 (26.1%) had culture-confirmed infection with Mycobacterium abscessus. These isolates were genetically indistinguishable by amplified fragment length polymorphism. The median incubation period was 1 month. Of 24 patients for whom clinical information was available, 23 (95.8%) had resolution of their infection. All patients developed residual scarring or hyperpigmentation.

Conclusion:

Nontuberculous mycobacteria should be recognized as an emerging, but preventable, cause of acupuncture-associated infections.
Dermatologic Treatment during Pregnancy: Practical Overview
Authors: Al Hammadi Anwar , Al-Haddab Mohammed , Sasseville Denis
Published: March 2015

Background:

This article provides a practical overview of dermatologic medication use in pregnancy.

Objective:

The therapeutics of the following common dermatoses are reviewed: acne, psoriasis, and bacterial, fungal, viral, and parasitic infections. Antipruritic, analgesic, and topical anesthetic use in pregnancy is reviewed as well.

Conclusions:

At the end, the reader is challenged with a series of applied clinical scenarios that highlight the presented material and provide information on additional important medications.
Reliability of Dermatologists in Acne Lesion Counts and Global Assessments
Authors: Tan Jerry K.L. , Fung Karen , Bulger Lynne
Published: March 2015

Background:

There is a paucity of data on the reliability of dermatologists in acne lesion counting and global severity assessments. The effects of training and practice on reliability are also uncertain. The objective of this study was to determine the reliability of these outcome measurements when performed by trained dermatologists.

Methods:

Eleven dermatologists were divided into two groups that evaluated the same six acne subjects twice on the same day. A training session was provided either after (group A) or before (group B) the first patient evaluation sessions. Reliability of raters in lesion counting and global severity assessment was determined by calculation of intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). ICC values close to 1.0 indicate excellent reliability, whereas values less than 0.75 are considered unacceptable.

Results:

Intrarater ICCs ranged from 0.37 to 0.99 for noninflammatory lesions, 0.26 to 0.97 for inflammatory lesions, and 0.56 to 0.83 for global assessments for group A (trained after); corresponding values for group B (trained before) were 0.84 to 0.98, 0.61 to 0.95, and 0.43 to 0.91. ICC values ≥ 0.75 for all three outcome parameters were observed in one of six group A and three of five group B raters. Interrater ICCs for groups A and B after the first evaluation session were 0.17 versus 0.68 for noninflammatory counts, 0.84 versus 0.72 for inflammatory counts, and 0.71 versus 0.65 for global assessments, respectively. Corresponding values after session 2 were 0.79 and 0.77 for noninflammatory, 0.81 and 0.90 for inflammatory, and 0.61 and 0.77 for global assessments.

Conclusion:

Dermatologists tended to be reliable in acne lesion counting but somewhat less so in global assessments. Training tended to improve group reliability in noninflammatory lesion counts and increased the proportion of raters with good reliability in all three outcome measures. Practice enhanced reliability in all outcome measurements.
Effect of Intravenous Immunoglobulin on Prednisone Dose in Patients with Pemphigus Vulgaris
Authors: Mittmann Nicole , Chan Brian , Knowles Sandra , Mydlarski P. Régine , Cosentino Lidia , Shear Neil
Published: March 2015

Background:

Current therapeutic options for the treatment of pemphigus vulgaris (PV) are prednisone and immunosuppressants. Patients unresponsive to high-dose systemic corticosteroids and conventional immunosuppressants may respond to intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG).

Objective:

The primary outcome was the change in prednisone dose at 6 months and 1 year post-IVIG administration.

Methods:

A retrospective chart review of PV patients treated at Sunnybrook and Women's College Health Sciences Centre between January 1999 and October 2004 was conducted. Demographic information, corticosteroid and IVIG use, dosage, and the timing of administration for all patients were obtained.

Results:

Eight PV patients, mean age of 50 years (± 14.7 years), were reviewed. There was a significant decrease in mean prednisone dose at 6 months (45%) and 12 months (71%) compared with the mean dose at the start of treatment ( p < .05).

Limitations:

Concomitant medication use may influence results.

Conclusion:

This study demonstrates that IVIG can lower prednisone doses in PV patients.
Multitherapy Approach to Onychomycosis Therapy
Authors: Claveau Joël , Vender Ronald B. , Gupta Aditya K.
Published: March 2015

New medications and new formulations have provided an increase in the cure rates for onychomycosis. Many cases of infection, however, are still not cured. It is not always obvious which factors are most relevant to reduction of cure, and factors may vary with each patient. For these reasons, a multitherapy approach to onychomycosis may be needed to individualize treatment to each patient's specific condition. Different presentations and severity levels of onychomycosis may respond differently to treatment modalities and require varying amounts of intervention. Nail débridement may be used to lessen the burden of infection in cases in which drug penetration may not occur adequately otherwise, such as dermatophytoma, onycholysis, or lateral infection. Ciclopirox nail lacquer has been approved for use in conjunction with regular débridement and represents the first approved multitherapy approach. Topical antifungals may be combined with oral antifungals to provide dual fronts of drug penetration. Similarly, two oral medications may be combined to provide a wider spectrum of antifungal activity and differential mode of action against the organisms, which may increase fungistatic or fungicidal action. There is a nonclinical component of therapy, represented by patient education on onychomycosis infection and treatment, which should be used to ensure that patient expectations are realistic and to encourage patient compliance with the chosen regimens.
Canadian Perspectives on Antifungal Treatment for Onychomycosis
Authors: Gupta Aditya K. , Poulin Yves , Lynde Charles W.
Published: March 2015

Onychomycosis is a common nail disease caused by dermatophytes, yeasts, and nondermatophyte molds affecting approximately 6.5% of the Canadian population. Approved therapies for onychomycosis in Canada are terbinafine 250 mg once daily for 6 to 12 weeks; itraconazole 200 mg twice daily given for two to three pulses (one pulse=200 mg daily for 1 week, with 3 weeks off the drug before the next pulse); and ciclopirox nail lacquer 8% used once daily for up to 48 weeks. These medications can be used for dermatophyte onychomycosis of toenails or fingernails. Liver enzyme monitoring should be performed when prescribing the oral medications. Ciclopirox is one of the newest antifungal agents and is the only topical therapy specifically indicated for onychomycosis in Canada. Topical therapy for onychomycosis provides an advantage over oral treatment in safety and cost, giving ciclopirox wide potential for use. It remains to be seen what future role ciclopirox will have in the Canadian onychomycosis spectrum.
Cutaneous Metastases from Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Alkhayat Hana , Hong Chih-ho
Published: March 2015

Background:

Cutaneous metastases are an uncommon phenomenon that occurs in a few patients with metastatic disease. Early recognition of a cutaneous metastasis is important as it may be the presenting sign of an underlying malignancy. These metastases usually indicate advanced disease and carry a poor prognosis.

Objectives:

We present two cases with cutaneous metastasis from primary non-small cell lung cancer. We seek to familiarize dermatologists with the unusual presentations of cutaneous metastases.

Conclusion:

In our two cases, the diagnosis of the metastatic cutaneous lesion ultimately led to the correct diagnosis of an underlying malignancy.
Expression of Endothelins and Their Receptors in Nonmelanoma Skin Cancers
Authors: Zhang Yi , Tang Liren , Su Mingwan , Eisen Daniel , Zloty David , Warshawski Lawrence , Zhou Youwen
Published: March 2015

Background:

Endothelins are paracrine peptides with growth-promoting and vasoactive functions for a variety of cell types. Elevated activation of the endothelin signaling pathway induces cell proliferation and/or survival and is implicated in a variety of malignancies. Increased endothelin 1 was described in solar lentigines in previous reports, raising the possibility that the endothelin pathway may be of significance in keratinocyte proliferation-related disorders. However, detailed investigation on endothelins in skin malignancies is lacking.

Objectives:

This study aims to survey the expression of endothelins and their receptors in keratinocyte-derived benign and malignant tumors of the skin and to test the effects of endothelin inhibitors on the growth and survival of cultured keratinocytes.

Methods:

Quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to measure the level of gene transcription of three endothelins (ET-1, −2, and −3) and two endothelin receptors (ETRA and ETRB). The genes with significant messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression abnormalities were confirmed with immunohistochemical analysis to examine expression differences at the protein levels. To analyze the effect of endothelin inhibitors on the keratinocyte growth and survival, keratinocytes were cultured in the presence of various concentrations of endothelin inhibitors and subjected to tetrazolium bromide assay to quantify the cell numbers over time.

Results:

ET-1 mRNA was found to be significantly up-regulated in seborrheic keratosis and basal cell carcinoma. However, no significant expression increase was found in actinic keratosis, Bowen's disease, or squamous cell carcinoma. Immunohistochemical analysis of ET-1 peptide confirmed increased expression. In cultured keratinocytes, peptide inhibitors of the endothelin pathway resulted in a marked reduction in cell survival.

Conclusion:

The endothelin signaling pathway, especially ET-1, is activated in basoloid keratinocyte neoplasms of the skin, such as basal cell carcinoma and seborrheic keratosis. Blockade of this pathway can reduce cell survival in vitro. Therefore, endothelin inhibitors potentially offer a novel method for the treatment of some keratinocyte-derived skin tumors.
Susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus to Fusidic Acid: Canadian Data
Authors: Rennie Robert P.
Published: March 2015

Background:

Ongoing antimicrobial surveillance is important to ensure proper management of infectious diseases. There are inherent issues in estimating the relevant incidence of antimicrobial resistance from surveillance data and special issues for topical preparations.

Objective:

To perform semiannual surveillance of fusidic acid susceptibility of Staphylocccus aureus strains in a Canadian tertiary care hospital.

Methods:

S. aureus strains were collected twice yearly from routine cultures. Routine antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by an automated method. Fusidic acid susceptibility testing was performed by disk diffusion.

Results:

Between 1999 and 2005, 2,302 S. aureus strains were tested, of which 240 were methicillin resistant (MRSA). Among all strains tested, 65 (2.8%) were resistant to fusidic acid. Ten of the MRSA strains (4.2%) were resistant to fusidic acid. Although from different patients, these were shown to be part of a hospital outbreak and were epidemiologically linked.

Conclusions:

There has been no trend toward increasing fusidic acid resistance in our hospital over this period.