bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Learning in Clinical Settings: Lived Experience of Postgraduate Nursing Students
Authors: Dandan Shan , Trajera Sheilla
Published: September 2024

The educational landscape for nursing education increasingly includes clinical practice facilities. This research aimed to provide an in-depth understanding of the challenges, facilitators, and transformative aspects shaping the learning journey of these students within the dynamic and complex healthcare environment. Through a phenomenological lens, the study employed semi-structured interviews with 11 postgraduate nursing students enrolled in China. Thematic analysis extracted and interpreted rich, nuanced narratives, uncovering the essence of their experiences. Findings revealed various experiences, ranging from profound learning, personal growth, and professional development to challenges encompassing emotional stress, uncertainties, and ethical dilemmas. Participants articulated the pivotal role of clinical mentors, interprofessional collaborations, and reflective practices in shaping their learning trajectories. The influence of patient interactions, exposure to diverse clinical scenarios, and integrating theoretical knowledge into practical application emerged as significant elements in their learning journey. The study underscores the significance of experiential learning within clinical environments, illuminating the complexities and nuances that impact nursing students' educational experiences. These findings hold implications for nursing education, suggesting the need for tailored support systems, enhanced mentorship programs, and strategies to optimize the clinical learning environment. Ultimately, this research contributes valuable insights to the field of nursing education, offering a deeper comprehension of the lived experiences of nursing students in clinical settings and highlighting avenues for fostering an enriching and supportive learning environment within the healthcare practice platform. The study led to the development of the Clinical Learning Model in Clinical Settings, which may be referenced by stakeholders involved in nursing education. Keywords: learning, clinical settings, postgraduate nursing students, lived experience, related learning experience, inter-professional collaborations
A Comparison of Three Computer-based Methods Used to Determine EMG Signal Amplitude
Authors: Renshaw Doug , Bice Matthew , Cassidy Camille , Eldridge James , Powell Douglas
Published: September 2024

Electromyography is a commonly used method to determine relative effort and neuromuscular drive to skeletal muscle. A limitation of the interpretation of EMG within the literature is the many methods used to determine the intensity of muscle activation. In the current study, ten healthy young adults performed a level walking task while EMG was recorded from the tibialis anterior, medial gastrocnemius and fibularis longus. The EMG data were rectified and smoothed using the root mean squared (RMS). Peak RMS (pRMS), mean RMS (mRMS) and integrated EMG (iEMG) were normalized to the peak value within the subject and were used to determine EMG amplitude. A 3x3 repeated measures analysis of variance was used to determine significant differences between the methods of determining EMG amplitude. The findings of the current study show that pRMS produced significantly lower EMG amplitudes than mRMS or iEMG values. Furthermore, mRMS and iEMG produced nearly identical normalized EMG amplitudes. Based on the findings of this study and the components of each measurement of EMG amplitude, it is suggested to use mRMS to determine EMG amplitude.
An Investigation of Lower-extremity Functional Asymmetry For Non-preferred Able-bodied Walking Speeds
Authors: Rice John , Seeley Matthew
Published: September 2024

Functional asymmetry is an idea that is often used to explain documented bilateral asymmetries during able-bodied gait. Within this context, this idea suggests that the non-dominant and dominant legs, considered as whole entities, contribute asymmetrically to support and propulsion during walking. The degree of functional asymmetry may depend upon walking speed. The purpose of this study was to better understand a potential relationship between functional asymmetry and walking speed. We measured bilateral ground reaction forces (GRF) for 20 healthy subjects who walked at nine different speeds: preferred, +10%, +20%, +30%, +40%, -10%, -20%, -30%, and -40%. Contribution to support was determined to be the support impulse: the time integral of vertical GRF during stance. Contribution to propulsion was determined to be the propulsion impulse: the time integral of the anterior-posterior GRF, while this force was directed forward. Repeated measures ANOVA (α = 0.05) revealed leg × speed interactions for normalized support (p = 0.001) and propulsion (p = 0.001) impulses, indicating that speed does affect the degree of functional asymmetry during gait. Post hoc comparisons (α = 0.05) showed that support impulse was approximately 2% greater for the dominant leg, relative to the non-dominant leg, for the -10%, -20%, and -40% speeds. Propulsion impulse was 12% greater for the dominant leg than for the non-dominant leg at the +20% speed. Speed does appear to affect the magnitude of bilateral asymmetry during walking, however, only the bilateral difference for propulsion impulse at one fast speed (+20%) supported the functional asymmetry idea.
A Kinematic and Kinetic Case Study of a Netball Shoulder Pass
Authors: Hetherington Sharon , King Sibella , Visentin Denis , Bird Marie-Louise
Published: September 2024

The majority of studies analysing netball skills using force platforms have focused on reducing the risk of injury from compression and torsion forces on the knee and ankle joints during landing and pivoting. In this preliminary case study our aim was to investigate the efficacy of a combination of tools to describe the kinematic and kinetic mechanisms underlying the netball shoulder pass. The segmental movements of the netball shoulder pass were analysed from video and force platform data in order to develop a suitable methodology for use in a larger study. Peak vertical ground reaction force of 850 N was found to coincide with the point of maximum velocity of the centre of pressure, occurring 40 ms before ball release. The participant’s centre of pressure continued anteriorly for 40 ms after ball release. The wrist traveled in a linear path during the propulsion phases, maximising impulse to the ball. A large shear force also occurred in the anterior posterior direction coinciding with ball release due to friction between the left shoe and the force platform, resisting the forward momentum of the body. Negative acceleration of the upper limb following the propulsion phase reached a peak of 68.6 rad/s-2 for the arm and 82.4 rad/s-2 for the forearm. Peak shoulder deceleration torque was calculated at 4.1 Nm which was greater than during acceleration (1.6 Nm). The combination of kinematic and kinetic tools yielded a comprehensive analysis of the investigated skill. Future biomechanical studies may determine differences in skill execution between novice and professional players or variability in movement within a population of skilled netball players.
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MENULIS PUISI MELALUI PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN CIRC (COOPERATIVE, INTEGRATED, READING AND COMPOSITION) SISWA KELAS V SD NEGERI 1 JUGLANGAN KECAMATAN PANJI KABUPATEN SITUBONDO TAHUN PELAJARAN 2023/2024
Authors: Septi Meiga Kholifah  , Aenor Rofek
Published: September 2024

Berdasarkan hasil observasi, siswa kelas V di SD Negeri 1 Juglangan Kecmatan Panji, Kabupaten Situbondo, masih belum mampu menulis puisi dengan baik. Permasalahannya diantaranya adalah, guru tidak menyampaikan tujuan pembelajaran yang hendak dicapai secara lengkap. Guru menggunakan metode ceramah. Metode seperti ini mengkondisikan siswa yang dituntut hanya mendengarkan semua informasi yang disampaikan guru, sehingga siswa terlihat bosan dan kurang berminat terhadap proses pembelajaran. Evaluasi hanya dilakukan dengan memberikan tugas menulis puisi tanpa menanyakan dulu jelas tidaknya siswa terhadap materi yang telah disampaikan guru. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah meningkatkan kemmpuan menulis puisi dengan menggunakanmodel pembelajaran CIRC (Cooperative, Integrated, Reading and Composition). Penelitian ini terdiri atas empat fase yaitu perencanaan, tindakan, observasi dan refleksi. Teknik pengumpulan data yaitu observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi dan tes. Analisa data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Berdasarkan hasil pembahasan pada bab IV dapat disimpulkan sebagai berikut: Penerapan model pembelajaran CIRC (Cooperative, Integrated, Reading and Composition) dalam pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia siswa kelas V SD Negeri 1 Juglangan Kecamatan Panji Kabupaten Situbondo Tahun Pelajaran 2023/2024. Penerapan model pembelajaran CIRC (Cooperative, Integrated, Reading and Composition) dapat meningkatkan Kemampuan Menulis Puisi mencapai persentase sebesar 91% melalui penerapan model pembelajaran CIRC (Cooperative, Integrated, Reading and Composition).
PERBANDINGAN SISTEM PENDIDIKAN DOKTER DI AUSTRALIA DAN INDONESIA
Authors: Paramata Nanang Roswita , Panai Abdul Haris , Mas Sitti Roskina , Zulystiawati Zulystiawati
Published: September 2024

Australia dan Indonesia dalam pendidikan kedokteran menekankan kurikulum yang berbasis kompetensi, pendidikan interprofesional, serta penggunaan teknologi terbaru untuk meningkatkan kualitas pelatihan dan pelayanan kesehatan. Dari perspektif sosiologi pendidikan, penjenjangan, investasi dan pendanaan metode pembelajarannya. sarana pembelajaran, Australia memiliki beberapa keunggulan dibandingkan di Indonesia. Meskipun berbeda, keduanya bertujuan menciptakan profesional medis berkualitas untuk memenuhi kebutuhan kesehatan masyarakat. Tujuan penulisan artikel ini adalah untuk membahas tentang persamaan dan perbedaan sistem pendidikan kedokteran di Australia dan Indonesia Penelitian kepustakaan yang dilakukan adalah dengan mengkaji literatur-literatur berdasarkan penelitan terdahulu. Teknik pengumpulan data sebagai upaya dalam mengumpulkan informasi diperoleh dari buku, laporan penelitian, artikel jurnal, ensiklopedia, dan sumber-sumber tertulis lainnya baik cetak maupun elektronik. Pendidikan kedokteran di Australia dan Indonesai memiliki persamaan yang cukup banyak akan tetapi juga ada perbedaannya. Hal ini membuat pendidikan kedokteran di Australia lebih maju dibandingkan di Indonesia
ANALISIS BAHASA GAUL DI MAHASISWA UNARS SITUBONDO
Authors: Aprilia Sucahyo Alif Maharani , Awinatiddiyanah  , Fitria Wahyuningtyas
Published: September 2024

Media sosial telah menjadi bagian integral dari kehidupan remaja saat ini, dan dampaknya terhadap penggunaan bahasa Indonesia di kalangan remaja menjadi perhatian utama. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk melakukan analisis mendalam terhadap pengaruh media sosial terhadap eksistensi bahasa Indonesia di kalangan remaja khususnya di kalangan remaja UNARS Situbondo. Metode penelitian yang digunakan melibatkan survei wawancara, dan catatan dengan remaja yang aktif menggunakan media sosial. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan media sosial memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap eksistensi bahasa Indonesia di kalangan remaja, baik secara positif maupun negatif. Beberapa remaja cenderung menggunakan bahasa Indonesia yang lebih formal dan benar ketika berkomunikasi di media sosial, sementara yang lain cenderung menggunakan bahasa yang lebih santai dan informal. Selain itu, penggunaan singkatan dan bahasa gaul juga semakin populer di media sosial, yang dapat memengaruhi pemahaman dan penggunaan bahasa Indonesia secara keseluruhan. Dari hasil pengamatan terdapat beberapa kata gaul diantaranya adalah : Kuy, Yups, Santuy, Bestie, Kepo, Gemoy, Trims, Leh ugha, Kece, Nongki, Sabi, Ngokey, Rempong. Artikel ini menyimpulkan bahwa media sosial memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap eksistensi bahasa Indonesia di kalangan remaja, dan perlu adanya upaya untuk meningkatkan pemahaman dan penggunaan bahasa Indonesia yang baik dan benar di lingkungan digital guna memastikan kelestarian bahasa Indonesia di kalangan remaja khususnya di kalangan remaja UNARS Situbondo.
Pengelolaan Kelas Terhadap Aktivitas Belajar Siswa Kabupaten Gorontalo
Authors: Andriani Marshanda Umar  , Sudirman
Published: September 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Pengaruh Pengelolaan Kelas Terhadap Aktivitas Belajar Siswa Kelas VIII di SMP Negeri 2 Limboto Kabupaten Gorontalo. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode penelitian kuantitatif  korelasional. Sampel penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 2 Limboto Kabupaten Gorontalo yang berjumlah 44 Orang. Teknik pengumpulan data diperoleh dari hasil observasi, kuisioner dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis regresi linier sederhana dengan bantuan program SPSS 22. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengelolaan kelas berpengaruh positif terhadap aktivitas belajar siswa dengan koefisien determinasi sebesar 0,238 atau 23,8%, sisanya 76,2% dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain yang tidak diteliti pada penelitian ini.
Self-Realisation at the Risk of Tranquillity in a Carceral Social Environment: A Critique of ARABY by James Joyce
Authors: Gamini Fonseka Dr. EA
Published: September 2024

James Joyce’s collection of short stories under the title Dubliners is a landmark contribution to Irish literature that reveals the frustration of the Irish people of his time. While many of the short stories there deal with men and women, old and young, “Araby” specifically concentrates on a juvenile. The carceral social atmosphere prevailing in the environment limits his space to the nearest possibilities of pleasure and drives him in a direction determined by his libidinal energy. Unfortunately, a young woman much older than him becomes the centre of his interest and later the target of his love. Urged by his desire for the woman’s company, he makes a trip to an oriental bazaar amidst so much chaos to purchase a token of love for his dream sweetheart. His escapade from the beginning to the end of his trip is full of discouraging incidents, but he finds his way to the stalls. Ultimately, he gets alarmed and frightened before a police interrogation that goes on at a stall. The dormant carcerality engineered by a panopticon in the vicinity of his house shows its true nature at the bazaar. That puts an end to the project he has embarked on in his mission to win the young woman’s love. Covering the entire scenario, the paper treats the story as a report on juvenile delinquency in a carceral environment.
Burning Alive in a Ruthless Matriarchy: A Critique of “Stench of Kerosene” By Amrita Pritam
Authors: Gamini Fonseka Dr. Edirisingha Arachchige
Published: September 2024

This paper critiques Amrita Pritam’s short story “Stench of Kerosene”. It probes into Pritam’s narrative from a literary and psychological perspective. Fundamentally, it semiotically assesses the metaphors engendered by “the mare” that takes Guleri away, “the harvest festival of Chamba” that causes her physical separation from Manak, “the hookah” Manak smokes to overcome his sorrow, “the flute” Manak gives Guleri as an assurance of his fidelity, “the bride price” Guleri’s father declines to mean that his daughter is not a child-bearing machine for sale, “the baby” born to Manak’s second wife as the posthumous replacement of Guleri, “the kerosene stench” that suggests the fire in which Guleri died, and later the agent of the olfactory hallucination that tortures him psychotically. Moreover, it discusses the social, cultural, psychological, and moral implications of the significant developments in the storyline under eight sub-topics: 1) Invitation from Guleri’s Parents; 2) Manak’s Reaction to the Invitation; 3) Guleri’s Immaturity as a Juvenile; 4) Manak as a Subject of his Mother’s Matriarchy; 4) Manak’s Guilty Conscience; 5) Manak’s Destiny in His Second Marriage; 6) Guleri-Manak Relationship; 7) Pritam’s Application of Irony; and 8) Pritam’s Attainments in “Stench of Kerosene”. Overall, the paper strives to expose how the regimentally implemented conditions of a matriarchy maintained in an irrational society suppress fundamental human values. The focal point it attempts to foreground in Pritam’s message is that women are not child-bearing machines and any resort to treat them as disposable items based on their obstetric complications is humanistically despicable.
Hermeneutics of Ikenga and its Significance in Igbo Culture
Authors: E. Nwobodo Dr. Ratzinger E.
Published: September 2024

The indigenous Igbo of the South-Eastern Nigeria, possess a rich cultural heritage deeply rooted in symbolic representations. This is reflected in the abundance of sacred objects that permeate Igbo culture, encapsulating their worldview. While each household has numerous sacred objects, their significance varies. The most universally significant of these objects, and the one accorded the highest status along with the Ofo, is the Ikenga. This study’s hermeneutic approach seeks to answer the questions: What is Ikenga? What is the psychic and cultural significance of Ikenga? What function does it perform in Igbo culture?To do this, it extensively explores the Ikenga symbol and its place in Igbo cosmology. The study digs into the meaning, types, structures, consecration, ritual practices, and functions ofIkenga and significance within Igbo culture, thereby enhancing our understanding of this cultural artifact. In doing this, the study discovers that the Ikenga symbol holds a profound significance within Igbo culture. Thismanifests in its esteemed status in the cosmology and worldview of the people. It is indispensable to every household, serving as the foremost deity sought by young men at the commencement of their careers and as a source of good fortune in all their endeavours. The Ikenga epitomizes a man’s physical strength, which is intrinsically linked to his future success (Arinze, 1970). As Metuh (1981) notes, “As a deity whose role is very similar to that of chi (personal god), it symbolizes the strength of a man’s right hand, hence a man’s right hand is sometimes referred to as Aka Ikenga” (p. 70). The study concludes by categorically affirming that theIkenga holds substantial importance for the ancient Igbo, regarded as sacred and uniquely significant to individuals.
Vertikalt samspil mellem lokalråd, borgerforeninger og kommunen – foreningernes perspektiv
Authors: Bavnbæk Kasper Friis , Thuesen Annette Aagaard
Published: September 2024

Med afsæt i et deliberativt demokratiperspektiv undersøger artiklen forskellene på lokalråd og borgerforeninger med hensyn til, hvad de interesserer sig for og deres samspil med kommunen. Data fra en spørgeskemaundersøgelse viser, at foreningerne beskæftiger sig med mange af de emner, kommunerne er ansvarlige for, og at afstanden til kommunens rådhus har betydning for, hvad de engagerer sig i. Data viser også, at lokalråd indtager en position tættere på kommunen end borgerforeninger. Generelt er der tilfredshed med samspillet med kommunen, men hvad der er afgørende for dette, er forskelligt for de to foreningstyper. Faste møder, hvor foreningerne har adgang til direkte samtale med politikere og forvaltning, og muligheden for at råde over kommunale penge er noget af det, der har størst betydning for oplevelsen af positivt samspil.
Czy bez regulacji możliwa jest ekologiczna kolej?
Authors:   Kancelaria Prawna HANTON Szalc Zięba & Partnerzy, Nieznalska Ewelina , Głusiec Anna ,   Kancelaria Prawna HANTON Szalc Zięba & Partnerzy
Published: September 2024

Niniejszy artykuł dotyczy problematyki związanej z wprowadzaniem ekologicznej kolei oraz regulacjami prawnymi z tego obszaru obowiązującymi w Polsce oraz w Unii Europejskiej. Autorki artykułu podejmują próbę odpowiedzi na pytanie, czy możliwe jest wprowadzenie ekologicznej kolei w Polsce bez stworzenia odpowiednich regulacji prawnych.
β-1,6-glucan plays a central role in the structure and remodeling of the bilaminate fungal cell wall
Authors: Bekirian Clara , Valsecchi Isabel , Bachellier-Bassi Sophie , Scandola Cyril , Guijarro J Iñaki , Chauvel Murielle , Mourer Thierry , Gow Neil AR , Aimanianda Vishukumar , d’Enfert Christophe , Fontaine Thierry
Published: September 2024

The cell wall of human fungal pathogens plays critical roles as an architectural scaffold and as a target and modulator of the host immune response. Although the cell wall of the pathogenic yeast
Candida albicans
is intensively studied, one of the major fibrillar components in its cell wall, β-1,6-glucan, has been largely neglected. Here, we show that β-1,6-glucan is essential for bilayered cell wall organization, cell wall integrity and filamentous growth. For the first time, we show that β-1,6-glucan production compensates the defect in mannan elongation in the outer layer of the cell wall. In addition, β-1,6-glucan dynamics are also coordinated by host environmental stimuli and stresses with wall remodeling, where the regulation of β-1,6-glucan structure and chain length is a crucial process. As we point out that β-1,6-glucan is exposed at the yeast surface and modulate immune response, β-1,6-glucan must be considered a key factor in host-pathogen interactions.
DeePosit: an AI-based tool for detecting mouse urine and fecal depositions from thermal video clips of behavioral experiments
Authors: Peles David , Netser Shai , Ray Natalie , Wagner Shlomo
Published: September 2024

In many mammals, including rodents, social interaction is accompanied by active urination, also known as micturition, for spatial scent marking. Urine and fecal deposits were shown to contain multiple chemosensory cues carrying information regarding the identity, strain, and social rank, as well as the physiological and hormonal conditions of the individual. Moreover, scent marking was shown to be social context-, state-, and experience-dependent. Thus, analyzing scent-marking activity during social interactions may contribute to understanding the structure of mammalian social interactions in health and disease. So far, however, such analysis faced multiple technical obstacles. Mainly, the commonly used void spot assay relies on detecting urine traces left over a filter paper on which the social interaction occurred; thus, it lacks temporal information and is prone to artifacts such as urine smearing. Recently, several studies employed thermal imaging for spatiotemporal analysis of scent marking, as urine and feces are deposited at body temperature and get rapidly cold afterward. This analysis, however, was done so far manually, which made it time-consuming and prone to bias by the observer. Here, we combine thermal imaging, computer vision tools, and an open-source algorithm incorporating a transformer-based video classifier to automatically detect and classify urine and fecal deposits made by male and female mice during several social behavior tests. We found distinct dynamics for urine and fecal depositions in a test- and sex-dependent manner, suggesting two distinct processes of scent marking in mice. The method and tools presented here allow researchers an easy, efficient, and unbiased spatiotemporal analysis of scent marking during behavioral experiments.
Noncanonical roles of ATG5 and membrane atg8ylation in retromer assembly and function
Authors: Paddar Masroor Ahmad , Wang Fulong , Trosdal Einar S , Hendrix Emily , He Yi , Salemi Michelle R , Mudd Michal , Jia Jingyue , Duque Thabata , Javed Ruheena , Phinney Brett S , Deretic Vojo
Published: September 2024

ATG5 is one of the core autophagy proteins with additional functions such as noncanonical membrane atg8ylation, which among a growing number of biological outputs includes control of tuberculosis in animal models. Here, we show that ATG5 associates with retromer’s core components VPS26, VPS29, and VPS35 and modulates retromer function. Knockout of ATG5 blocked trafficking of a key glucose transporter sorted by the retromer, GLUT1, to the plasma membrane. Knockouts of other genes essential for membrane atg8ylation, of which ATG5 is a component, affected GLUT1 sorting, indicating that membrane atg8ylation as a process affects retromer function and endosomal sorting. The contribution of membrane atg8ylation to retromer function in GLUT1 sorting was independent of canonical autophagy. These findings expand the scope of membrane atg8ylation to specific sorting processes in the cell dependent on the retromer and its known interactors.
Noncanonical roles of ATG5 and membrane atg8ylation in retromer assembly and function
Authors: Paddar Masroor Ahmad , Wang Fulong , Trosdal Einar S , Hendrix Emily , He Yi , Salemi Michelle , Mudd Michal , Jia Jingyue , Duque Thabata L A , Javed Ruheena , Phinney Brett , Deretic Vojo
Published: September 2024

ATG5 is one of the core autophagy proteins with additional functions such as noncanonical membrane atg8ylation, which among a growing number of biological outputs includes control of tuberculosis in animal models. Here we show that ATG5 associates with retromer’s core components VPS26, VPS29 and VPS35 and modulates retromer function. Knockout of ATG5 blocked trafficking of a key glucose transporter sorted by the retromer, GLUT1, to the plasma membrane. Knockouts of other genes essential for membrane atg8ylation, of which ATG5 is a component, affected GLUT1 sorting, indicating that membrane atg8ylation as a process affects retromer function and endosomal sorting. The contribution of membrane atg8ylation to retromer function in GLUT1 sorting was independent of canonical autophagy. These findings expand the scope of membrane atg8ylation to specific sorting processes in the cell dependent on the retromer and its known interactors.
Structure of the Calvin-Benson-Bassham sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphatase from the model microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Authors: Moigne Théo Le , Santoni Martina , Jomat Lucile , Lemaire Stéphane D , Zaffagnini Mirko , Chéron Nicolas , Henri Julien
Published: September 2024

The Calvin-Benson-Bassham cycle (CBBC) performs carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms. Among the eleven enzymes that participate in the pathway, sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphatase (SBPase) is expressed in photo-autotrophs and catalyzes the hydrolysis of sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphate (SBP) to sedoheptulose-7-phosphate (S7P). SBPase, along with nine other enzymes in the CBBC, contributes to the regeneration of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate, the carbon-fixing co-substrate used by ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco). The metabolic role of SBPase is restricted to the CBBC, and a recent study revealed that the three-dimensional structure of SBPase from the moss
Physcomitrium patens
was found to be similar to that of fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (FBPase), an enzyme involved in both CBBC and neoglucogenesis. In this study we report the first structure of an SBPase from a chlorophyte, the model unicellular green microalga
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
. By combining experimental and computational structural analyses, we describe the topology, conformations and quaternary structure of
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
SBPase (
Cr
SBPase). We identify active site residues and locate sites of redox- and phospho-post-translational modifications that contribute to enzymatic functions. Finally, we observe that
Cr
SBPase adopts distinct oligomeric states that may dynamically contribute to the control of its activity.
Mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway in Sertoli cells regulates age-dependent changes in sperm DNA methylation
Authors: Amir Saira , Arowolo Olatunbosun , Mironova Ekaterina , McGaunn Joseph , Oluwayiose Oladele , Sergeyev Oleg , Pilsner J Richard , Suvorov Alexander
Published: September 2024

Over the past several decades, a trend toward delayed childbirth has led to increases in parental age at the time of conception. Sperm epigenome undergoes age-dependent changes increasing risks of adverse conditions in offspring conceived by fathers of advanced age. The mechanism(s) linking paternal age with epigenetic changes in sperm remain unknown. The sperm epigenome is shaped in a compartment protected by the blood-testes barrier (BTB) known to deteriorate with age. Permeability of the BTB is regulated by the balance of two mTOR complexes in Sertoli cells where mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) promotes the opening of the BTB and mTOR complex 2 (mTORC2) promotes its integrity. We hypothesized that this balance is also responsible for age-dependent changes in the sperm epigenome. To test this hypothesis, we analyzed reproductive outcomes, including sperm DNA methylation in transgenic mice with Sertoli cell-specific suppression of mTORC1 (Raptor KO) or mTORC2 (Rictor KO). mTORC2 suppression accelerated aging of the sperm DNA methylome and resulted in a reproductive phenotype concordant with older age, including decreased testes weight and sperm counts, and increased percent of morphologically abnormal spermatozoa and mitochondrial DNA copy number. Suppression of mTORC1 resulted in the shift of DNA methylome in sperm opposite to the shift associated with physiological aging – sperm DNA methylome rejuvenation, and mild changes in sperm parameters. These results demonstrate for the first time that the balance of mTOR complexes in Sertoli cells regulates the rate of sperm epigenetic aging. Thus, mTOR pathway in Sertoli cells may be used as a novel target of therapeutic interventions to rejuvenate the sperm epigenome in advanced-age fathers.
Single-cell dissection of prognostic architecture and immunotherapy response in Helicobacter pylori infection associated gastric cancer
Authors: Zhang Xin , Zhang Guangyu , Sang Shuli , Fei Yang , Cao Xiaopeng , Song Wenge , Liu Feide , Che Jinze , Tao Haoxia , Wang Hongwei , Zhang Lihua , Guan Yiyan , Rong Shipeng , Pei Lijuan , Yao Sheng , Wang Yanchun , Zhang Min , Liu Chunjie
Published: September 2024

Most of the gastric cancer (GC) worldwide are ascribed to
Helicobacter pylori
(
H. pylori
) infections, which have a detrimental effect on the immunotherapy’s efficacy. Comprehensively dissecting the key cell players and molecular pathways associated with cancer immunotherapies is critical for developing novel therapeutic strategies against
H. pylori
infection associated GC. We performed a comprehensive single-cell transcriptome analysis of nine GC with current
H. pylori
infection (HpGC), three GC with previous
H. pylori
infection (ex-HpGC), six GC without
H. pylori
infection (non-HpGC), and six healthy controls (HC). We also investigated key cell players and molecular pathways associated with GC immunotherapy outcomes. We revealed the molecular heterogeneity of different cell components in GC including epithelium, immune cells, and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) at the single-cell level. The malignant epithelium of HpGC exhibited high expression level of inflammatory and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) signature, HpGC and ex-HpGC were enriched with VEGFA+ angiogenic tumor-associated macrophages (Angio-TAM) and IL11+ inflammatory CAF (iCAF), characterized by high expression levels of NECTIN2 and VEGFA/B. Additionally, we found significant correlations between the abundance of iCAF with Angio-TAM and TIGIT+ suppressive T cells, and iCAF interacted with Angio-TAM through the VEGF and ANGPTL angiogenic pathways. We also developed an immune signature and angiogenic signature and demonstrated that the iCAF abundance and angiogenic signature could predict poor immunotherapy outcomes in GC.We revealed the transcriptome characteristics and heterogeneity of various cellular constituents of HpGC and demonstrated that a synergistic combination of immunotherapy and anti-angiogenic targeted therapy may be an effective therapeutic modality for HpGC.
Sox9 marks limbal stem cells and is required for asymmetric cell fate switch in the corneal epithelium
Authors: Rice Gabriella , Farrelly Olivia , Huang Sixia , Kuri Paola , Curtis Ezra , Ohman Lisa , Li Ning , Lengner Christopher , Lee Vivian , Rompolas Panteleimon
Published: September 2024

Adult tissues with high cellular turnover require a balance between stem cell renewal and differentiation, yet the mechanisms underlying this equilibrium are unclear. The cornea exhibits a polarized lateral flow of progenitors from the peripheral stem cell niche to the center; attributed to differences in cellular fate. To identify genes that are critical for regulating the asymmetric fates of limbal stem cells and their transient amplified progeny in the central cornea, we utilized an in vivo cell cycle reporter to isolate proliferating basal cells across the anterior ocular surface epithelium and performed single-cell transcriptional analysis. This strategy greatly increased the resolution and revealed distinct basal cell identities with unique expression profiles of structural genes and transcription factors. We focused on Sox9; a transcription factor implicated in stem cell regulation across various organs. Sox9 was found to be differentially expressed between limbal stem cells and their progeny in the central corneal. Lineage tracing analysis confirmed that Sox9 marks long-lived limbal stem cells and conditional deletion led to abnormal differentiation and squamous metaplasia in the central cornea. These data suggest a requirement for Sox9 for the switch to asymmetric fate and commitment toward differentiation, as transient cells exit the limbal niche. By inhibiting terminal differentiation of corneal progenitors and forcing them into perpetual symmetric divisions, we replicated the Sox9 loss-of-function phenotype. Our findings reveal an essential role for Sox9 for the spatial regulation of asymmetric fate in the corneal epithelium that is required to sustain tissue homeostasis.
Deceased Male with a Cigarette In Situ : Is This a Cadaveric Spasm?
Authors: Son In-Gyu , Na Joo-Young , Heo Jin-Haeng , Ko Young San
Published: September 2024

When death occurs, the supply of adenosine triphosphate through respiration ceases, and rigor mortis begins approximately 20 minutes after death. The underlying mechanisms of rigor mortis and cadaveric spasm are assumed to be similar. However, unlike rigor mortis, cadaveric spasm is a very rare phenomenon in which muscle stiffness develops almost immediately after death. Herein we describe a 27-year-old male with suspected cadaveric spasm. A forensic pathologist concluded that the cause of death was a head injury due to a fall. When the body was discovered, a cigarette remained in the mouth, suggesting a cadaveric spasm. Some opinions deny the existence of cadaveric spasm because there is no precise pathophysiological mechanism to support it. Cadaveric spasm could not be confirmed in the present case; however, while the complete mechanism is unclear, as in this case, it is sometimes difficult to rule out the presence of cadaveric spasm in forensic investigations. Therefore, a comprehensive forensic examination is necessary, and forensic examiners should be cautious.
An Arachnoid Cyst Incidentally Found in a Young Man Who Died of Sudden Cardiac Death
Authors: Lee Sang Won , Kim Jae-Hui , Lee Seokhyeon , Lee Jong Kyu , Yeo Nam Seok , Lee SangHan
Published: September 2024

An arachnoid cyst is a rare cerebrospinal fluid–filled non-neoplastic cystic lesion. Most arachnoid cysts are asymptomatic; however, depending on their location and size, they may show various clinical symptoms and rarely can cause serious complications. We report a case of an arachnoid cyst incidentally found in a 25-year-old male soldier, which was not the cause of death. A 2.3×1.7 cm unilocular cystic lesion filled with colorless serous fluid was observed near the interpeduncular fossa of the brain. Microscopy revealed the cyst membrane to be lined by a single layer of meningothelial cells with no edema or inflammatory reaction in the surrounding structures. Considering the medical history, circumstances of death, and autopsy findings, the cause of death was determined to be sudden cardiac death, and the cyst found in the brain was consistent with an arachnoid cyst. Reviewing this case and related literature would help to determine the cause and manner of death if an arachnoid cyst is incidentally found during an autopsy.
ROL DE ENFERMERÍA EN EL DETERIORO COGNITIVO ASOCIADO A LA EDAD EN PERSONAS MAYORES: UNA REVISIÓN NARRATIVA
Authors: Hernandez Diaz Alejandro Antonio , Huento Maliqueo Álvaro , Cartes Toro María José , Prado Cabrera Victoria
Published: September 2024

INTRODUCCION. El Deterioro Cognitivo en personas mayores es un estado en el cual el individuo pierde sus capacidades de razonamiento, entendimiento y de memoria. OBJETIVO. Revisar la evidencia científica relacionada con el rol de enfermería respecto al deterioro cognitivo en personas mayores asociado a la edad. METODOLOGIA. Revisión narrativa. Se realizó desde abril hasta diciembre del año 2023, los textos incluidos fueron en idioma español, inglés y portugués; la búsqueda se enmarcó entre los años 2019 a 2023. Se utilizaron las cinco etapas propuestas por Arksey y O’Malley, se buscaron en 4 bases de datos: Pubmed, Scielo, Scopus, Lilacs RESULTADOS. Se encontraron 12 artículos, 85 % en español, 15% en inglés, todos enfocados en la prevención del deterioro cognitivo dirigidas a la memoria mayoritariamente educativa; rol de enfermería con buena evaluación por parte de usuarios y familia. CONCLUSIONES. el rol está enfocado en la prevención, el foco es mejorar la memoria, la enfermera propone intervenciones educativas, asociadas con la familia y actividades comunitarias, tecnológicas y lúdicas (en orden descendente), el rol educativo es el más preponderante, la familia y participación social son valorizadas como agente de prevención en prácticamente todas las intervenciones mencionadas, los instrumentos de diagnóstico más usados son Minimental de Folstein y Escala de Montreal; el uso de tecnología es innovador esta enfocado en monitorear estado mental y realizar actividades lúdicas, no es mencionada estrategias como alimentación.
O papel das práticas ESG à luz da teoria das externalidades na escola do pensamento econômico neoclássico
Authors: Pinheiro Danielle Sandi
Published: September 2024

A temática da sustentabilidade tem sido amplamente discutida, tanto por sua importância social e ambiental quanto devido às vantagens competitivas que pode proporcionar à sociedade. A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo investigar empiricamente sob o arcabouço neoclássico, e a partir da teoria das externalidades, a relevância das práticas ESG no mercado de capitais. Para isso, foram utilizados dados do Índice de Ações com Governança Corporativa Diferenciada (IGC B3), do Índice de Sustentabilidade Empresarial (ISE B3) e do Índice Bovespa (Ibovespa B3), no período entre 2002 e 2023. Através do método de correlação de Pearson foram feitas comparações entre os índices a fim de observar quais os efeitos relacionados ao desempenho no mercado financeiro das empresas que mais se coadunam com as questões da sigla ESG. Como resultado, verificou-se uma forte correlação positiva entre os índices. Este resultado nos fornece indícios de que os investidores podem estar optando cada vez mais por ações de empresas que se posicionam com a responsabilidade social e ambiental perante a sociedade.
Surface Temperature Changes and Effects on Cocoa Yield in the Top Four Cocoa Producing Countries of Africa: A Comparative Analysis
Authors: O. Ibe , B.A. Nduka , K. B. Adejobi, , K. O. Ayegboyin,
Published: September 2024

Cocoa is a leading export crop to the world market and Cote D’Ivoire, Ghana, Nigeria and Cameroon in Africa, accounts for about 70% of the global supply. However, increasing global warming with attendant high ambient temperature had affected yields in the tropical regions of Africa. The data of 61 years (1961 – 2021), area harvested (ha), yield (kg/ha) and temperature (OC) were sourced from the database of Food and Agricultural Organisation Corporate Statistical (FAOSTAT). Least squares regression and correlation analysis models were used for data analysis. Results showed that mean ambient temperature in Cote D’Ivoire, Ghana, Nigeria and Cameroon have increased by 0.7661, 0.7507, 0.7333 and 0.6400 OC for a total of 51, 51, 50 and 49 years respectively, while mean decreases were 0.1541, 0.1693, 0.1710, 0.1392oC for 10, 10, 11 and 12 years  respectively. Annual average temperature increase was highest (0.0243oC) in Cote D’Ivoire with regression coefficient (R2) of 0.7232 and least (0.0200oC) in Nigeria at R2 of 0.6380. However, in both countries, annual temperature decreased by 0.0012o and 0.0007o with R2 of 0.0052 and 0.0014 respectively. The mean annual temperature increase in Ghana and Cameroon were 0.023o and 0.0204o with R2 of 0.7364 and 0.6965 respectively, while the decreases were 0.0019o and -0.0011o with R2 of 0.0152 and 0.0431 respectively. The cocoa cumulative yield (kg/ha) reduced by 105.8, 90.8 and 75.0kg/ha respectively in Cote D’Ivoire, Ghana and Cameroon when temperature decreased, but increased by 12.5kg/ha in Nigeria during same temperature decreasing trend. In Ghana and Cameroon, cocoa annual yield was higher in the years of temperature increase, while decreased ambient temperature enhanced cocoa yield in Nigeria and Cote D’Ivoire. Hence, to enhance cocoa yield in the top four cocoa producing countries of Africa, the ambient temperatures should be controlled through the adoption of Good Agricultural Practices (GAP).
Invasive Species and Biodiversity: Mechanisms, Impacts, and Strategic Management for Ecological Preservation
Authors: Sesay Richard Edmond Victor , Sesay Fatmata , Azizi Mohammad Imran , Rahmani Bahirullah
Published: September 2024

Invasive species, or non-native organisms, pose significant threats to global biodiversity, ecosystems, and economies. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of invasive species, their impact on native biodiversity, and the mechanisms driving their success. Invasive species outcompete native species for resources, disrupt ecosystem functions, and alter habitats, potentially leading to the extinction of native species. The review highlights the ecological, economic, and social implications of invasive species, emphasizing the urgent need for effective management strategies. It examines the invasion pathways, factors influencing their establishment and spread, and the competitive dynamics between invasive and native species. Various assessment methods, including ecological surveys, modelling, and genetic analyses, are discussed to understand and mitigate the impacts of invasions. The review also explores international efforts and policies to manage invasive species and suggests future research directions to enhance conservation strategies. By addressing these issues, this review aims to contribute to the preservation of native biodiversity and the maintenance of ecological balance.
Spatio-temporal Dynamics of Anuran Populations in the Wetlands of Korhogo, Côte d'Ivoire
Authors: Brahiman Kien Kouassi , Awa Ndiaye , Mamadou Cissé , Paul Kouamelan Essetchi
Published: September 2024

Aims: The Korhogo commune contains several natural habitats that are home to a large community of frogs. But today, these habitats are facing strong anthropic pressures. This study aims to show the effect of anthropogenic activities on wetlands and the organisms that live there.
Methodology: Sampling took place from June 2023 to May 2024, and samples came from experimental fishing using deep-net dip nets with 2 mm mesh or rod and line, and from commercial fishing using various gears.
Results: A total of 791 individuals were caught, for a total biomass of 48.872 Kg. These individuals were divided into 5 species, 4 genera and 4 families. Spatially, diversity was highest in the lakes (80) and lowest in the rice fields (20%). Temporally, diversity was highest in the rainy season (100%) and lowest in the dry season (40%). The species Hoplobatrachus occipitalis dominated the population with 94.66% of captures. It accounted for 25.46%, 24.27%, 22.81%, 13.93% and 13.53% respectively in lakes, rice fields, rivers, wells and shallows. The strong presence of this species in the wetlands of this commune shows that these areas are highly threatened.
Conclusion: This study contributes to the knowledge of the frog population and helps to combat the degradation of wetlands in the city of Korhogo.
Identifying Constraints to Dryland Farming: A Study of Technical, Socio-personal, and Financial Barriers in Drought Prone Area of Andhra Pradesh, India
Authors: Chennamadhava M. , Praveena P.L.R.J. , Lakshmi T. , Reddy P. Maheswara
Published: September 2024

Dryland farming is a crucial agricultural practice in many regions, but farmers face various constraints that hinder its adoption. This study investigated the technical, socio-personal, and financial constraints faced by dryland farmers in Prakasam district of Andhra Pradesh. A survey of 120 farmers revealed that technical constraints were the most severe, with insufficient availability of water (226 - I) and non-availability of quality seed in time (208 - II) being the top two constraints. Socio-personal constraints, such as illiteracy (188 - II) and inability to accept new practices (186 - III), were also significant. Financial constraints, including high cost of inputs (212 - I) and delay in sanction of loans (200 - II), were also major concerns. Friedman test results showed a significant difference between the different constraints (p < 0.001), with technical constraints having the highest mean rank (2.40). Wilcoxon signed rank test results revealed significant differences between technical and socio-personal constraints (p = 0.009) and financial and technical constraints (p = 0.001), but not between socio-personal and financial constraints (p = 0.321). These findings highlight the need to address technical constraints to improve adoption of critical interventions in dryland farming.
Advanced Potato Price Prediction through N-BEATS Deep Learning Architecture
Authors: Karthik V C , Naik B. Samuel , Manjunatha B. , Veershetty  , Sujith A S B , P Halesha , G. H. Harish Nayak,
Published: September 2024

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Estimation of Avoidable Yield Losses Due to Pest Complex in Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.]
Authors: Sharma R.N. , Jakhar B.L. , Meena S.K.
Published: September 2024

A field experiment was conducted during the Kharif seasons of 2022 and 2023 at the research farm of Rajasthan Agricultural Research Institute, Durgapura, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India, to evaluate the yield losses caused by a pest complex on cowpea. The pooled study of both year revealed that the highest total avoidable loss was observed in the untreated control (NP) at 40.90%, followed by the PVS treatment (imidacloprid 17.8 SL) at 24.45%. The lowest avoidable loss was recorded in the PRS treatment (chlorantraniliprole 18.5 SC) at 13.49%. The treatment PTS (imidacloprid 17.8 SL and chlorantraniliprole 18.5 SC) showed the highest increase in cowpea seed yield over control, with a 69.24% increase, followed by PRS with a 46.29% increase. Conversely, the PVS treatment exhibited the lowest yield increase at 27.83%. Maximum yield of 1049.70 kg ha⁻¹ was achieved with the PTS treatment, while the lowest 620.40 kg ha⁻¹ in the NP treatment. The PVS and PRS treatments yielded 793.10 kg ha⁻¹ and 908.20 kg ha⁻¹, respectively.
Volatility Spillover Effect of NCDEX Spot and Futures Prices in Spices
Authors: Joshi Arpit , K. L. Manish , Ganapathy M. S. , Channaviragouda
Published: September 2024

This research is an attempt to assess the volatility in spot and futures prices in spices on NCDEX. Spot price and futures price Volatility is prominent indicators of the commodity futures market to protect the interest of beneficiaries and to hedge sharp price fluctuations in commodity markets. The study tested price patterns using data with 1777 observations for FY2015 to FY2022 daily spot and futures price series of near month contracts. VECM test and EGARCH were computed to examine spot and futures prices for three selected spices, namely jeera (cumin), turmeric and coriander. The results revealed that Turmeric and Coriander had significant bidirectional relationship and Jeera had significant unidirectional relationship between futures and spot market prices. Higher half-life (days) values of futures prices indicates more stability than spot prices of selected spices. Higher asymmetric effect value of spot market indicates higher volatility impacts because of noisy shocks than futures market.