bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Precision Reliability for CX Series of Five-Axis Turning-Milling Center
Authors: Gao Jian She , Yang Wei Wei , Liu De Ping , Wang Yu Ping , Zhang An Qing
Published: November 2011

Five-axis turning-milling center is an important and advanced NC machine in fields of military industry, aerospace, automobile and medical machinery. The kinematics equation is built based on D-H method by the analysis of the structure of five-axis turning-milling center. The precision workspace is presented and its definition is given. The precision workspace of five-axis turning-milling center is analyzed based on Monte Carlo method. The mathematical model of precision reliability for machining center is built. The sensitivity of precision reliability for machining center is analyzed using analytical method. Finally, sensitivity histograms are given.
The Turbine Machine Fault Prediction Based on Kernel Principal Component Analysis
Authors: Lin Lu Hui , Ma Jie , Xu Xiao Li
Published: November 2011

Kernel principal component analysis (KPCA) is presented and is applied to predict the huge electro-mechanical system fault. Take the gas turbine set of Beijing Yanshan Petrochemical Refinery as the research object. KPCA uses the historical normal data of vibration intensity value to establish a prediction system. And then it is used to forecast the collected data for judging whether the turbine set is in normal. The simulation experiment result indicates the effectiveness of the method and the running state can be judged as normal or not from the result. And the experiment also shows KPCA can obtain a satisfactory prediction result.
Glare Prediction Method Based on SPEOS Simulation for Civil Airplane Flight Deck
Authors: Ma Zhi , Zhang Wei , Yu Jin Hai , Li Bao Feng
Published: November 2011

Glare is a key factor that influencing the visual performance in light conditions of flight deck, and glare source in flight deck is very complex. It is difficult to directly evaluate the complex glare source, such as non-uniform glare, irregular shape glare and indirect glare using current glare equations. In this paper, a novel method based on SPEOS simulation to predict several types of glare is proposed. Simulation of glare scene is carried out using SPEOS software. Glare source is detected by secondary development on SPEOS. Source luminance, background luminance, position index and solid angle of source are calculated by secondary development as well. And then, the desired glare index can be computed. Finally, Unified Glare Rating(UGR) equation is utilized as an example to predict the glare. The results indicate that the proposed method can compute glare index automatically and quickly, and is useful in illumination design of flight deck.
Automatic Position Dependent Simulation for Robust Smart Grid
Authors: Gao Feng
Published: November 2011

This paper presents a method for transient simulation of AC-DC systems. With the pre-simulation technique, the method automatically determines the weight factor for different position in the simulated AC-DC system, so as to compromise the accuracy requirement as well as numerical oscillation reduction. A case was studied to verify the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed methodology.
Calculation and Analysis of Electrical Field in Valve Side Winding of Converter Transformer
Authors: Gao You Hua , Liu Guo Wei , Liu Xiao Ming , Lai Zeng Feng
Published: November 2011

The numerical calculation model with compound insulation of transient electrical field is established. The types of voltage applied on the valve side winding of the converter transformer are complicated and the insulation is more prominent. So the simplied calculation model of the valve side winding of the converter transformer is established. The distribution characteristics of electrical field of the valve side winding of the converter transformer is analyzed and electric field in different electrical conductivity and permittivity are calculated under AC high voltage, DC high voltage, AC superimposed DC voltage, polarity reversal voltage. Under all kinds of high voltages, the maximum electric field strength is calculated and analyzed. Some important influence factors for electrical field distribution are also discussed in this paper.
Cogging Torque Reducing in Dual-Rotor Motor by Suitable Selection Inner and Outer Slot Opening Widths
Authors: Xia Jia Kuan , Zhao Yu Ji , Wang Cheng Yuan , Dong Ting
Published: November 2011

In order to reduce the cogging torque in dual-rotor permanent magnet (PM) ring torque motor, the expression of cogging torque is deduced on the motor, and the influence rules of the resulting cogging torque are analyzed with change the inner and outer slot opening widths. According to the dual-rotor PM ring torque machine, the method for reducing the cogging torque amplitude and leading a reverse phase torque curve by suitable selection of the inner and outer slot opening widths is proposed. The results of simulation show that selecting the appropriate slot opening widths can effectively reduce cogging torque by the finite element simulation method.
Acanthopanax senticosus Harms Intelligence Quality Assessment Based on Core Data
Authors: Lin Jian Yang , Yu Yong , Xu Ya Jie , Kan Zhou Mi
Published: November 2011

According to the traditional morphological classification divide the quality of traditional Chinese medicine Acanthopanax Senticosus Harms into recommended products non-recommended products and shoddy goods distribute the chromatogram data Acanthopanax Senticosus Harms obtained in the condition of standard inspect and abstract main data and get the great peaks of linear independent vectors. Get Acanthopanax Senticosus Harms every clustering centre data with liner reduction PSO and Conjugate gradient optimization. Make Acanthopanax Senticosus Harms criterion data as Gamma distribution and calculate similar by the sample data Normal distribution and ensure the finial similar by angle cosine. That will use lada integral and upper gauss interpolation. It need to calculate the similar between unknown sample and the common pattern of corresponding sample when analyze unknown sample. Make appraise classify and evaluate to unknown sample and make good identification to counterfeit medofenoxate for example gracilistylus koxmo hoo column5 plus fine.
Fast Motion Estimation Algorithm Based on Real Time Monitoring
Authors: Xu Xue Mei , Mo Qin , Ni Lan , Guo Qiao Yun , Li An
Published: November 2011

In the video encoding system, motion estimation plays an important role at the front-end of encoder, which can eliminate inter redundancy efficiently and improve encoding efficiency. However, traditional motion estimation algorithm can’t be used in real-time application like video monitoring due to its computational complexity. In order to improve real-time efficiency, an improved motion estimation algorithm is proposed in this paper. The essential ideas consist of early termination rules, prediction of initial search point, and determination of motion type. Furthermore, our algorithm adopts different search patterns for certain motion activity. Experimental result shows that the improved algorithm reduces the computation time significantly while maintaining the image quality, and satisfies real time requirement in monitoring system.
Hand-Eye Calibration of a Robot-Based Inspection System
Authors: Li Ai Guo , Wang Wen Biao
Published: November 2011

A robot with a laser range finder to its hand is presented for the inspection of manufactured parts. The transformation from the hand frame to the finder frame is transformed to an optimization problem by measuring a radii-known ball with unknown position information. Test results of real experiments on a motoman robot are reported and analyzed.
Controlling of Brushless DC Motor Based on Particle Swarm Optimization Fuzzy Logical Controller
Authors: Li Hong , Du Jia
Published: November 2011

Because of the shortage of the online adjustment of parameters in fuzzy logic controller, a fuzzy logic controller based on particle swarm optimization was presented. Improved particle swarm optimization was used to optimize he numerical factor ke, kec and scale factor ku of fuzzy logical controller online increasing the robustness of overall system and this controller was applied in the control of brushless direct current motor. Controller parameters can be adjusted in TMS320F2812DSP experimental platform on-line, with the advantages of fast response, steady-state error is small and adaptability.
Two-Dimensional Body Untouched Measurement System Research and Developing-Based on Sunplus SPCE3200
Authors: Kang Li , Li Shi Huan
Published: November 2011

The primary of the research is decrease the traditional touched measurement complexity and modern three-dimensional untouched measurement high cost .The technique applied in the paper is referred to as follow: designing a rotating platform to control the people standing firstly, designing a video collecting system to obtain the body front and side images secondly, acquiring contour extraction through image preprocessing thirdly, obtaining anthropometric characteristics of image according to all parts of the body under the proportional and body three-dimensional contour curve fourthly, obtaining characteristic parameters of the actual body measurement by the camera calibration parameters finally. The results of the research demonstrated that the system is portable, high accuracy, low cost, particularly suitable for large, rapid measurement of body.
Research of Precision Injection Control System Based on the on-Line Measurement of Polymer Melt Density
Authors: Xu Hong , Wu Da Ming , Zhu Qun Xong , Zhang Ya Jun
Published: November 2011

Based on the quality factors of the precision injection product, the control system structure of precision injection molding product and proposes the on-line measurement of melt density which controls the injection weight is analyzed in this thesis. The important of the on-line measurement of melt density is shown in this paper. Then, the approach of off-line and on-line measurement of melt density is introduced. At last, the control approach and the precision injection control principle of using the on-line measurement of melt density is discussed also.
Research on the Type of Electrical Contact at Metal-Insulator Interface
Authors: Peng Qian , Zhou Li Ren
Published: November 2011

This paper takes metal-insulator-metal system as example and investigates the main types of electrical contact through the view of energy band structure, to analyze the whole process of the transition from ohm contact to barrier contact. Ohm contact, which promotes charges injection from electrode (metal) to insulator, can be used as storage of charge carrier, which is body limited; it can also be regarded as a type of contact that forms an accumulation layer extending from the interface to the interior of the insulator. Whereas, barrier contact is a type of contact which forms a depletion region extending from the interface to the interior of insulator. As for this type of contact, electron injection from metal tends to the state of saturation. The characteristic of neutral contact is that there is no space charge in the insulator, nor band bending, which means the boundary of conduction band and valence band up to the interface is flat.
Design of the A/D Conversion Circuit Based on ARM for the Time-Difference Method Ultrasonic Flowmeter
Authors: Zhang Xing Hong , Zhang Hui , Chen Xi Hou , Wang Xian Quan , Feng Ji Qin
Published: November 2011

Because the high precision ultrasonic flowmeter has shortcomings of expensive, the A/D conversion circuit based on ARM for the time-difference method ultrasonic flowmeter is designed. On the basis of time-difference method ultrasonic flowmeter theory and the domestic and overseas advanced technology, a cost-effective low-power 12-bit ADC12DL040 chip and ARM processor LPC2138 are chosen for the design. According to the data acquisition system issues of the time- difference method ultrasonic flowmeter, the two-channel 12-bit low-power monolithic CMOS analog-digital conversion chip is adopted to design the nanosecond-level high-resolution data acquisition system. In this paper, the A/D chip peripheral pin circuit design is given, hardware structure diagram and software flowchart are also given. The input frequency of ultrasonic signal is 400 kHz and the sampling frequency is 8MHz.The experimental results indicated that the designed A/D conversion circuit is able to accomplish the high-speed and high-resolution ultrasonic echo signal sampling; the minimum resolution time of A/D conversion circuit is 0.305ns. The physical map of A/D conversion circuit for the time-difference method ultrasonic flowmeter is presented. The design of A/D conversion circuit for time-difference method ultrasonic flowmeter not only lower the production cost, but also lays a solid foundation for the research of low-cost and high-precision time-difference method ultrasonic flowmeter.
A Robust Feature Points Matching Algorithm in 3D Optical Measuring System
Authors: Yuan Jian Ying , Liu Xian Yong , Qiu Zhi Qiang
Published: November 2011

In optical measuring system with a handheld digital camera, image points matching is very important for 3-dimensional(3D) reconstruction. The traditional matching algorithms are usually based on epipolar geometry or multi-base lines. Mistaken matching points can not be eliminated by epipolar geometry and many matching points will be lost by multi-base lines. In this paper, a robust algorithm is presented to eliminate mistaken matching feature points in the process of 3D reconstruction from multiple images. The algorithm include three steps: (1) pre-matching the feature points using constraints of epipolar geometry and image topological structure firstly; (2) eliminating the mistaken matching points by the principle of triangulation in multi-images; (3) refining camera external parameters by bundle adjustment. After the external parameters of every image refined, repeat step (1) to step (3) until all the feature points been matched. Comparative experiments with real image data have shown that mistaken matching feature points can be effectively eliminated, and nearly no matching points have been lost, which have a better performance than traditonal matching algorithms do.
A Novel Four-Step Commutation for Bidirectional Switch Cells of AC-AC Matrix Converter
Authors: Guo You Gui , Zeng Ping , Blaabjerg Frede
Published: November 2011

A novel four-step commutation is proposed with unequal step for each bidirectional switch cell on the basis on analysis of many proposed commutation methods of matrix converter in this paper. The first and fourth step can be shorter than the second or third one because the actual switching on or off of output current happens on the second and third steps. Here the second step is equal to the third one. This method is implemented with four steps by programming in VHDL language. First, the special flip-flop, 74AHC16373, is obtained by programming so as to make input sector signals, output sector ones and active switching time PWM ones synchronize. Second, the required switching states are flexibly realized in the form of the look-up table by programming in VHDL language for 36 switching combinations of input sectors with output ones. Third, the obtained switching states are judged whether they need commutation by delayers. Finally, the novel method proposed is implemented by switching sequencers. The simulation results have verified its feasibility.
Design and Experimental Analysis of Novel Refractometer Based on Photoelectric Sensor Technology
Authors: Li Yin Lin , Huang Zhong Hua , Hu Kai Bo
Published: November 2011

A novel refractometer based on photoelectric sensor technology and differential method is proposed. Sensing principle and mathematical model are introduced; structure and key parameters of sensing probe are designed through detail calculation. Theoretical solution shows resolution reaches order of 10-5. Preliminary experiments verify the feasibility of the design, experimental results show stability error better than ±1.02×10-4, error caused by temperature is 6.65×10-6/°C.
Finite Element Analysis of Magnetic Field Modulation Effect of Brushless Doubly Fed Machine
Authors: Wang Xiu Ping , Zhang Feng Ge
Published: November 2011

Brushless Doubly Fed Machine (BDFM) shows economic promise as a variable speed drive or generator. Seeking for rotor structures with higher modulation effect will be the most important role at present for improving the efficiency and performance of BDFM. After presenting the principle and providing the parameters of BDFM, this paper analyzes the air gap flux density of BDFM with different rotor structures and various pole numbers by using finite element analysis software ANSOFT. The effect of rotor structures and pole numbers on magnetic field modulation of BDFM can be obtained, these conclusions could lay the foundation for BDFM structure optimizing design.
Evaluation on the Tensile Force of Geotextile and Geomembrane Used on the Side Slope of a Waste Landfill
Authors: Xu Si Fa , Wang Zhe
Published: November 2011

Geomembranes are installed on the bottom and sides of a landfill to protect the surrounding ground and water from being polluted by the leachate from the waste. Geotextile is also placed over the geomembrane to protect it from mechanical damage. In order to evaluate the tensile forces of geotextile and geomembrane, centrifugal model tests were conducted in the laboratory. This paper presents the results of these centrifugal tests and compares them with the calculated values based on the ordinary ultimate force equilibrium method and FEM analyses.
Three Parametric Model Third-Order Software Phase-Locked Loop and its Application in Range Measuring System
Authors: Hou Xiao Min , Wang Yun
Published: November 2011

In order to improve the precision of side tone range measuring and realize the range measuring process by software, one kind of three parametric model third-order software phase-locked loop (SPLL) is designed based on three parametric loop filter model and the predominant closed-loop poles theory, which can apply the parameter setting principles of the second-order phase-locked loop; this kind of third-order SPLL is realized through C++ language programming and used as the range measuring system’s side tone phase-locked loop(PLL) to process the experiment data. The results indicates that the precision of phase measuring and capture time satisfy the system’s index.
Acquirement of Melon Morphologies through High-Precision and Non-Destructive Vision Measurement
Authors: Lv Fu Xiang , Miao Yu Bin , Zhu Qiang
Published: November 2011

For the purpose of measuring the micro changes of morphological parameters of melon organ, this paper put forth a new algorithm based on mathematical morphology and spline interpolation to obtain the phenotype information of melon such as area and horizontal and vertical diameter and developed a high-resolution non-destructive and contactless measuring system based on vision processing to get the projection area of melon and its diameter. The algorithm is easy to carry out, and can get more ideal edge information than some traditional algorithms. It supplies theoretical basis for revealing the combined response relationship and temporal and spatial variation character between melon morphologies and key environmental factors.
Study of Wireless Torque Measurement System Based on CC2500
Authors: Liu Wei , Song Xiao Jie , Chen Wen Gang
Published: November 2011

It’s very difficult to get high precision measuring result using contact torquemeter because of very low signal-to-noise ratio. To overcome this defect, a wireless torque measuring system is designed based on CC2500. This system uses strain gauge torque sensor to measure the surface principal stress of the transmission shaft, and get the maximum shearing stress, and then the torque that the transmission shaft bears. The weak output signal of torque sensor is magnified by the instrumentation amplifier AD623, and sent to the analog-to-digital convertor. These digital data are transmited to the portable receiving terminal by the wireless transceiver chip CC2500. The dynamic wireless torque measurement is realized by this system.
The Control System on Coke Machine Interlocking and Automatic Running
Authors: Zhang Jing , Li Rong Hua , Li Hui
Published: November 2011

In this paper, a type of control system of coke machine interlocking and automatic running on PLC is proposed. The control principle, system configuration and application is introduced in detail. The design method of hardware and software on PLC is given, which is useful for the application of control system. The whole system is based on induction radio communication. It has proved that this system has the characteristics of advanced design, complete functions and high stability. It also could bring about vast economic and social benefit.
Design of a Hybrid Adaptive CMAC Tracking Control for a Class of Uncertain Chaotic Systems with only Output Measurement
Authors: Chen Chun Sheng
Published: November 2011

This paper presents an observer-based hybrid adaptive cerebellar model articulation controller (CMAC) with a supervisory controller for uncertain chaotic systems, in which the hybrid adaptive control composed of a direct adaptive CMAC and an indirect adaptive CMAC control is performed as the sliding mode control (SMC). The total states of the chaotic system are not assumed to be available for measurement. A state observer is used to estimate unmeasured states of the systems. The supervised control is appended to assure that the hybrid adaptive CMAC controller achieve a stable closed-loop system through Lyapunov stability theory. Finally, simulation results show that the effect of the approximation error on the tracking error can be attenuated efficiently.
Analysis of Drinks Base Concentration Using Microprocessor Based Sensor
Authors: Kassim Murizah , Saad Ezril Hisham Mat , Mustakim Rosminah
Published: November 2011

This paper presents an analysis of liquid drinks concentration using microprocessor based sensor. A prototype model based on hardware and software is used to run this analysis. The model then is tested and a few type of branded sold drinks base is analyzed on its concentration. The hardware comprises of a portable device that has been design to detect the differences between selected liquid drinks concentration. Those tested experimental drinks are Sunquick Blackcurrant, Sunquick Orange, Greenhill Rose, Greenhill Mango and Dutch Lady Full cream milk. A light dependant resistor (LDR) is used as the sensor to measure the light density through the liquid. The method has obtained the input voltage from the LDR circuit and display the concentration measurement on the liquid crystal display (LCD). Successful output has been gathered from the designing circuit. A printed circuit board (PCB) layout and programming using Basic language is developed and design in the identified hardware and software. This research has produced a data collections and statistical analysis on the identified drinks concentration. Comparison has been made and mathematical concept on the design system has been carried out.
A Study of the Vehicle Structure Crashworthiness in Dolly and Curb-Trip Rollover Tests
Authors: Ma Chun Sheng , Hu Jing Wen , Zhang Jin Huan
Published: November 2011

Rollover crashes can be the most dangerous vehicular crashes among all crash types which have a higher fatality rate than other kinds of crashes. The orthogonal design was adopted to evaluate structure parameters how to affect the vehicle rollover crashworthiness in dolly and curb-trip tests. It is simulated with a finite element model of SUV, which has been developed previously. The parameters are based on maximum vertical roof deforming velocity, maximum vertical deformation and lateral roof deformation which nearby occupant head. They have been selected as dependent variables or responses which reflect roof stiffness and roof crush magnitude respectively. There are 11 structure factors which have an effect on the vehicle rollover crashworthiness. It can be determined under the location of crash zone in rollover. Those factors have significant effects to the vertical roof deformation, lateral roof deformation and vertical roof deforming velocity. The result can be obtained from a series of the analysis. The main effects are compared with those factors to vertical and lateral roof deformation in dolly and curb-trip tests.
A Comparative Study on Vortex Transmitter versus Differential Pressure Transmitter for Flow Control
Authors: Putera Siti Hazurah Indera , Mohd Nor Mohd Amosdin
Published: November 2011

This research emphasizes on the study of Vortex transmitter and Differential Pressure (DP) transmitter performance for a laboratory pilot plant by observing process response criteria consisting of dead-time (TD), rise time (TR), overshoot (%OS) and settling time (TS) for set point changes in a Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) flow control architecture. Four experiments were conducted; rising set point for Vortex transmitter, rising set point for DP transmitter, falling set point for Vortex transmitter and falling set point for DP transmitter. Limit tolerance test for Vortex transmitter and DP transmitter were done to determine the operational limits. Continuous Cycling Method is applied for controller tuning. Control and data collection for the flow plant is done using Distributed Control System (DCS) in real time. It is observed that Vortex transmitter produces a smaller TD, TS, Ts and %OS compared to DP transmitter for falling SP experiment, while less conclusive results were obtained for rising SP set up where Vortex transmitter produces a larger TD and Ts but smaller TR and %OS.
Experimental Test of Magneto-Rheological Directional Control Valve
Authors: Salloom Maher Yahya , Samad Z.
Published: November 2011

Directional control valve is the main part in hydraulic system which has complex construction, such as moving spool to control the direction of actuator for required speed. Utilizing MR fluid properties, direct interface can be realized between magnetic field and fluid power without the need for moving parts like spool in directional control valves. This paper dedicates the experimental test of four ways, three position MR directional control valve. The experimental methods were done by connecting the MR directional control valve with hydraulic actuators. The experiment was conducted to show the principle work of the valve functionally and performance test for valve was done. The valve works proportionally to control the direction and speed of hydraulic actuators. As a result, the experimental result demonstrates the operation of MR directional control valve using two configurations. The experimental about ON-OFF and proportional operations is discussed. The MR directional control valve can replace many types of the spool directional control valve for controlling hydraulic actuator.
Thermal Comfort Assessment in a Closed Air Conditioned ICT Laboratory at Ungku Omar Polytechnic, Malaysia
Authors: Singh Salvinder S.K. , Ismail Ahmad Rasdan
Published: November 2011

This paper presents an integrated experimental study of the thermal comfort in a Closed Air Conditioned ICT Laboratory at Ungku Omar Polytechnic, Malaysia. The aim of this study is to determine the level of thermal comfort in the ICT laboratory by using the Thermal Confort Measurement (TCM) equipment. The ICT laboratory is considered as an indoor environment and this study had been carried out by the use of the custom made TCM from 8.30 am till 4.30 pm. This TCM is able to investigate the level of thermal in this laboratory in aspects of the level of carbon dioxide (CO2), humidity, wind speed, ambient temperature, and globe temperature simultaneously. All the data were then compared to the standards or guidelines produced by National Institue Of Safety and Health of Malaysia (NIOSH), American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) and the American Standards of Heating Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE 55), which is currently being practiced in Malaysia. From the study that was carried out it was revealed that the level of CO2 in the ICT Laboratory exceeded the hazardous level thus can produce the negative impact to the productivity of the end user which are the student that will be using this laboratory.
Research of Replica Management Technology of Resource on Manufacturing Grid
Authors: Xie Xiao Lan , Zhang Jing
Published: November 2011

The resources on Manufacturing Grid are dynamic, diverse, distributed and isomeric, so their management is significantly complicated. However, people always want to obtain the newest resources’ information in the recent distance, in the shortest time. Thus, replica management of resource becomes necessary. This paper makes the following contributions. First, we elaborate the resources’ encapsulation technology on Manufacturing Grid. Second, we describe the main idea of replica management technology. In addition, we explain the working principle of component that is management replica—RLS (Replica Location Service). Finally, we first bring forward replica management technology of resource on Manufacturing Grid, and design a solution that resources’ replica management technology on Manufacturing Grid.
Research on Anti-Felting Finishing Process of Wool Knitted Fabric with Protease
Authors: Wang Hua E
Published: November 2011

In this paper, acid protease treatment was studied on anti-felting finishing of wool knitted fabric and the optimal process conditions were obtained by orthogonal experiment. The technical parameters were hydrogen peroxide concentration 40mL/L, temperature 45°C, time 45min, pH value 8, concentration of protease 5 % (owf), pH value 5, temperature 40°C and time 35min. Through this process, the felt resistance property of wool knitted fabric has been improved greatly. Because of low temperature, energy consumption, environmental pollution, this process belongs to environmental protection and energy saving technology.
Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Based on Novel Mixed Dyes
Authors: Hung Tien Tsan
Published: November 2011

Novel phthalocyanine derivative and azo derivative have been synthesized as photosensitizers for the dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). We used sol-gel method to prepare the titanium oxide (TiO2) membrane electrode of the DSSCs. The crystalline phase and surface morphology of TiO2 were characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) to investigate the effects of processing parameters on the films characteristic, microstructure and thickness. The performance of DSSCs was characterized by using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and current-voltage curve analysis. The sensitizing properties of phthalocyanine derivative, azo derivative and mixed dyes were studied, and it was found that the cell consisted of mixed dyes generated the highest power conversion efficiency () of 2.3 %, short circuit photocurrent density (Jsc) of 13.6 mA cm-2, open circuit photovoltage (Voc) of 0.46 V and fill factor (FF) of 0.37 under simulated AM 1.5 irradiation (100 mW cm-2) with a active area of 0.25 cm2.
Permanent Magnet Biased Bearing of Suspension System
Authors: Zong Ming , Wang Xiao Kang , Cao Yang
Published: November 2011

PM (Permanent Magnet) biased magnetic bearing with PM to replace the magnetic field produced by electromagnet an Active Magnetic Bearing generated static bias magnetic field, it can reduce the power consumption of power amplifier to reduce the number of turns of magnet safety, reduce the volume of magnetic bearings, reducing electromagnetic coil operating current, thereby reducing the power amplifier power control system and heat sink size, magnetic bearings significantly reduce power loss, and fundamentally reduce the cost of bearing. In this paper, a kind of PM biased magnetic bearings, describes its structure and working principle, derived a mathematical model of magnetic bearing and magnetic circuit of PM biased magnetic bearings are calculated, given the specific PM biased magnetic bearing size and accordingly calculate the parameters of magnetic bearings. A magnetic model constructed using Simulink simulation method, and constructed using this method, magnetic bearing specific mathematical model simulation results show that the rotor position in the balance, X and Y decoupling between the control winding, while the deviation from equilibrium position time, X and Y control coupling between the windings, the simulation results and the calculation results.
Field Test and Numerical Simulation of Cracks in the Box Girder of Long-Span RPC Bridges
Authors: Zhang Jin Mei
Published: November 2011

Cracks that occurred in the top slab of a cantilever construction bridge were investigated through field test, which revealed that the cracks were caused by excessive prestress layout and too small curvature radius of tendons. The excessive prestress layout can reduce the forced area of cross-section. Too small curvature radius of tendons may cause the concrete in the flat curve of tendons to withstand great radial component of forces. And, excessive prestressed ducts will in a certain extent affect the quality of concrete between the ducts. In addition, a finite element analysis was performed to evaluate the effects of the tendons. Based on the results, a construction method that prevents the cracks is proposed.
Turn Rate Estimation Based Adaptive IMM Algorithm for Maneuvering Target Tracking
Authors: Tian Ye , Jiang Hong , Ding Quan Xin , Liang Guo Wei
Published: November 2011

A turn rate estimation based adaptive interactive multiple model algorithm is put forward to solve model-set mismatch problem of target tracking algorithm applying to high maneuvering target. By considering both the estimation and the estimated variance of target’s turn rate, model-set is selected according to a rule based on the coefficient of variance of turn rate estimation. When turn rate estimation is acceptable, model-set is constructed according to turn rate estimation to reduce competition among models. When turn rate estimation is unacceptable, standard IMM algorithm model-set is applied to increase coverage of model-set. Simulation shows this algorithm improves tracking performance especially for high maneuvering targets.
Kalman Filter-Based Orbit Determination with Dynamic Model Compensation for a Maneuvered GEO Satellite
Authors: Xu Tian He , Chen Yue Peng , Wang Qian Xin
Published: November 2011

Orbit determination methods for a geostationary (GEO) satellite are introduced. In order to control or model the thrust force, a Kalman filter based on dynamic model compensation is proposed for the orbit determination of a maneuvered GEO satellite. The main idea is to use a first-order Gauss-Markov process to compensate the unmodeled or inaccurately modeled accelerations caused by orbital maneuver in Kalman filter-based orbit determination. Simulation with Chinese ground tracking network for a maneuvered GEO satellite was conducted to verify the performance of the proposed orbit determination technique. The results show that it can efficiently compensate the influence of orbital maneuver and achieve high orbit accuracy.
Multi-EKF Localization Algorithm for Multi-Robots Formation Navigation
Authors: Cai Yun Fei , Tang Zhen Min , Zhao Chun Xia
Published: November 2011

This research presents a dynamic multi-robots formation navigation algorithm named multi-EKF localization algorithm, which derived from single EKF. In this algorithm, all formation members are treated as landmarks with known association. When the formation is running, the traditional EKF is used for individual robot to get its own localization, and the proposed multi-EKF is used to get the position of the whole formation. By calculating the joint probability distribution, the mean and covariance of the formation position are achieved, which is used to guide and constrain the individual robot localization adjustment. With this method, the multiple mobile robots system shows more stable and robust on formation navigation. The simulation and physical experiment results show the feasibility, efficiency and stability of the proposed algorithm.
Wind Speed Prediction Model Based on Radial Basis Functional Neural Network
Authors: Ding Tao , Xiao Hong Fei
Published: November 2011

Wind speed forecasting is important to operation of wind power plants and power systems. To solve short term wind speed prediction problem, a radial basis functional neural network prediction model for wind speed time series based on cross iterative fuzzy clustering algorithm and regularized orthogonal least squares algorithm is proposed. First, the optimal fuzzy clustering centers of samples are computed by cross iterative fuzzy clustering algorithm. Then radial basis functional centers are optimized by regularized orthogonal least squares algorithm, and the generalized cross-validation is regarded as criteria to halt center selection. The proposed model centralizes advantages of both algorithms, and it can decrease network scale, improve generalization performance, accelerate network training speed and avoid ill-conditioning of learning problems. A case of practical wind speed time series from wind power plants verifies validity of the proposed model.
The Design of PLC SOC Controller by Dual-Core Mutually Exclusive Processor
Authors: Liu Liang Liang , Jiang Peng Long
Published: November 2011

The Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) market is mainly dominated by Omron, Schneider, NEC and other foreign manufacturers. The CPU module of their PLC products usually has two processors at PCB level. One of the processors is general-purpose processor and the other is Ladder Chart Hardware Process Unit (LPU). Based on the research of dual-core mutual exclusion, interrupt management and data consistency issues of the LEON2 of Gaisler Research, the LPU processor and LEON2 processor are integrated in a chip on mutually exclusive SOC (System On Chip) architecture. It is proved by simulation that the PLC SOC controller works steadily and efficiently.
Investigation of Strength in G4-73 Type Centrifugal Fan Impeller
Authors: Wang Song Ling , Sun Zhe , Wu Zheng Ren
Published: November 2011

For the large centrifugal fan impeller, its working condition generally is bad, and its geometry generally is complex. So its displacements and stresses distribution are also complex. In this paper, we can obtain the fan impeller’s displacements and stresses distribution accurately through numerical simulation in G4-73 type centrifugal fan impeller using the finite element method software ANSYS. The calculation result shows that the maximum total displacement of the impeller is m, it occurs on the position of the half of the blade near the outlet of the impeller; and the maximum equivalent stress of the impeller is 193 MPa, it occurs on the contacted position of the blade and the shroud near inlet of the impeller. Furthermore, check the impeller strength, the result shows that the strength of the impeller can meet the requirement.
Portable Intelligent Gas Monitor System Design - Based on Sunplus SPCE061A
Authors: Kang Li
Published: November 2011

The paper designed a portable intelligent gas monitor system that installed mine staff cloth for convinence and timeliness, avoiding mine accidents. The design laid emphasis on Resistance-type micro Gas sensor working normally and Sunplus single-chip microcomputer that characterised with speech in hardware. In the same time, Varing gas concentration could lead to varying speech output in software.The simulation shows the design is practical and achieving the schemed requirements.
Particle Swarm Optimization with Team Spirit Inertia Weight
Authors: Wang Xi Zhen , Li Yan , Cheng Gang Hu
Published: November 2011

A PSO Algorithm with Team Spirit Inertia weight (TSWPSO) is presented based on the study of the effect of inertia weight on Standard Particle Swarm Optimization (SPSO). Due to the theory of group in organization psychology, swarm is divided into multiple sub-swarms and search is run in a number of different sub-swarms which are parallel performed. Try to find or modify a curve which is compatible with optimized object within many inertia weight decline curves, in order to balance the global and local explorations ability in particle swarm optimization and to avoid the premature convergence problem effectively. The testes by five classical functions show that, TSWPSO has a better performance in both the convergence rate and the precision.
Method of Controlling Inverted Pendulum Based on Fusing Genetic Algorithm and Neural Network
Authors: Liu Li Na , Wang Yu
Published: November 2011

As a result of inverted pendulum control based on traditional neural network algorithm existing shortcomings that are training time to be long, the convergence rate slow and easy to fall into the partial minimum point, a method of fusing genetic algorithm and neural network control is proposed in this article. The structure of inverted pendulum controller adopts neural network, genetic algorithm is used to optimize the attached weights and thresholds of neural network. The experimental results illustrate that the method can overcome inadequacies of the neural network, with the characteristics of convergence speed is fast, global search ability is strong, dynamic and steady state control performance is good. Furthermore, it has advantages of simple controller structure and easy to be implemented.
Compressed Sensing Recognition Algorithm for Sonar Image Based on Non-Negative Matrix Factorization and Adjacency Spectra Feature
Authors: Hao Yan Ling , Wang Liang
Published: November 2011

A compressed sensing (CS) recognition algorithm for sonar image based on non-negative matrix factorization and adjacency spectra (A-NMF) feature extraction is proposed in this paper. The feature vector of the tradition CS recognition algorithm is random Gaussian matrix, which causes the identification rate unstable. The stable feature vector which is extracted by the A-NMF feature extraction is used in this algorithm. The feature and structure of the original data can be expressed more accurately by this feature vector. Then the sonar images are classified under the compressed sensing framework. Experimental results show that the sonar image recognition is high, efficient and stable.
Research and Implementation of Folding Machine Control System Based on MPU
Authors: Sun Jing Rui , Wu Jin Cheng
Published: November 2011

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the working principle of folding machine and it also explains the working mode of the stepper motor. Basing on these, the control-system of folding machine is designed. It is through the AT89C52 MPU and the corresponding circuit of periphery to control the two stepper motors. So it can drive the feeding roller and the paper roller to overlay in accordance with the predefined size. The system achieves the automation of folding. It not only reduces the labor, but also improves the efficiency and accuracy of folding. It has a very broad application prospect.
Optimization Problem of Maintenance Resources Allocation Based on Partical Swarm Optimization
Authors: Wu Hai Ying
Published: November 2011

In the communications maintenance support system, how to progress the optimal allocation of maintenance resources is key to design the system. For Optimization Problem of Maintenance Resources Allocation, this paper analysis the phenomenon of premature convergence in Partical Swarm Optimization(PSO), and proposed an improved Particle Swarm Optimization. The two examples study how to use the improved PSO to solve Optimization Problem of Maintenance Resources and validate an improved PSO.
Grain Refinement through Warm Rolling of Wedge-Shaped Low Carbon Steel
Authors: Riastuti Rini , Bastian M. R. , Priadi Dedi , Siradj Eddy S.
Published: November 2011

Study of grain refinement has developed to improving the mechanical properties of low carbon steel. Wedge shaped slab of low carbon steel were deformed through warm rolling methods of 500, 550, and 600oC to produce a finer ferrite grains. The thickness reduction of deformation is 80, 75, 67 and 50% .Dynamic recrystallizations were confirmed at warm working temperature in this study. Grains size which obtained through this process could improve the hardness and its mechanical properties and also its performance in corrosive environment. The smallest grain size was obtain from 80% deformation is 5.2 µm and the tensile strength is 817.65 MPa. Its gives the evidence that warm rolling can use to produce the fine grain at warm temperature of 600oC.
The Effect of Magnesium to Sulfur Ratio on the Graphite Morphology of Graphite Cast Iron Produced at Differrent Section Thicknesses
Authors: Elmabrouk Omar , Erfan Osama M. , Kalkanli Ali
Published: November 2011

This paper is concerned with the investigation of the effect of magnesium to sulfur ratio on the graphite morphology and estimation of the ranges of this ratio use to produce graphite cast iron at different section sections. The main factors affecting shape of graphite cast iron are the metallurgical structures and the section thicknesses. Cast iron of different shapes of graphite particles directly affect its thermo-mechanical properties. The nodular shape of these graphite particles such as in ductile cast iron improve its mechanical properties, on the other hand, when the shape of these graphite particles become elongated such as in flake graphite cast iron results in improving its thermal conductivity. In between, the worm-like shape of these graphite particles such as in compacted graphite cast iron, make this type of cast iron to have thermo-mechanical properties in between those of ductile and flake graphite cast iron. The different types of ductile , compacted and flake graphite cast iron were produced by means of plunger method at different section thicknesses and the effect of Mg/S ratio on these types of graphite particles was investigated and its range was established.
The Research on High-Voltage Transmission Line Relay Protection Setting Related to OLTC Anti-Icing
Authors: Liu Shi Qi , Wang Huan , Li Xiao Ming , Zhou Dong Xu
Published: November 2011

In order to make high-voltage transmission line anti-icing without interrupting power supply, OLTC anti-icing devices can be used for reducing the line voltage and increasing operating current to undermine the conditions of icing formation. The relevant relay setting values of the anti-icing line needs to be modified accordingly. In this paper, the research on how to reset the value of the 110kV and 220kV lines had been done after the OLTC equipment was implemented, and the principle of relay protection setting related to the change of line operating voltage and current had been given. A digital simulation of an area which encountered the icing disaster in 2008 had been done and the results shows that the reset relay protection setting of relevant relay protection is reasonable.
Analysis of Stator Resistance Effects in Carrier Signal Injection Based Sensorless Control of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine
Authors: Wang Jian Min , Tian Shi Xia
Published: November 2011

This paper analyzes the effects of stator resistance on rotor position estimation accuracy in carrier signal injection based sensorless control of PMSM. Carrier current expressions are derived for both rotating and pulsating voltage injection method when the stator resistance is taken into account. Position estimation errors resulted from stator resistance are analyzed theoretically and investigated by simulation. It is shown that the influences of stator resistance on above two injection methods are quite different. The stator resistance will result in a position estimation error in the rotating voltage injection method. But it does not affect the position estimation accuracy in the pulsating voltage injection method as long as a suitable signal extracting method is used.