bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INCIDÊNCIA DE TRAUMATISMOS EM IDOSOS DEVIDO A QUEDA DE MESMO NÍVEL EM PALMAS - TO de 2018 A 2022
Authors: Do Lago Alves Menezes Andrews , Oliveira Dias Lais , Soares Penteado Giovanna , Rodrigues Nepomuceno Vitor
Published: December 2023

Introdução: A queda do mesmo nível possui grande relevância à saúde pública, sendo motivo de internações hospitalares prolongadas, incapacitação, distanciamento social e até mesmo óbito, devido à sua morbidade. Objetivos: Com foco na epidemiologia, este artigo tem como objetivo coletar informações a fim de descrever o perfil epidemiológico de idosos que foram hospitalizados devido a traumas relacionados a quedas no mesmo nível em um hospital público estadual localizado em Palmas, Tocantins, no período de 2018 a 2022. Metodologia: Foi empregada a base de dados do Ministério da Saúde, DATASUS, para a obtenção de dados epidemiológicos, utilizando o Sistema de Informações Hospitalares (SIH/SUS) com o intuito de identificar informações sobre indivíduos com mais de 60 anos que foram hospitalizados devido a traumas resultantes de quedas da própria altura. Resultados: Após a análise dos dados, foram identificados os seguintes padrões: uma predominância de pacientes do sexo feminino (64,4%), uma maior ocorrência de indivíduos com mais de 80 anos (39,03%), uma taxa de mortalidade elevada (7,8%), e um custo médio de internação significativo, atingindo R$1.772,58 durante o período de estudo. Além disso, os casos de quedas no mesmo nível resultaram em internações prolongadas, com uma média de 14,1 dias, o que tem impacto nos custos significativos associados a traumas decorrentes de quedas, sejam elas evitáveis ou inevitáveis. Conclusão: As quedas no mesmo nível representam um fator significativo de morbidade e mortalidade, especialmente entre as mulheres. Além disso, é importante ressaltar que internações relacionadas a esse tipo de acidente geralmente consomem consideráveis recursos financeiros do sistema de saúde, bem como ocupam leitos, em algumas situações, que poderiam ser prevenidas, por exemplo, em casos de quedas que poderiam ser evitadas.
PADRÕES EPIDEMIOLÓGICOS DA LEISHMANIOSE VISCERAL NO ESTADO DO TOCANTINS, 2007-2019
Authors: Silva Saray Sallin da , Cruz Sabryna Coelho da Silva , Aguiar Géssica Adorno , Silva Shara Hozana , Monteiro Lorena Dias
Published: December 2023

A Leishmaniose Visceral (LV) é uma doença crônica causada por protozoário do gênero Leishmania e se configura um importante problema de saúde pública no Brasil e em várias regiões do mundo. Objetivo: Caracterizar o perfil epidemiológico da Leishmaniose Visceral no período de 2007-2019, do estado do Tocantins, área considerada endêmica para a referida doença. Metodologia: Esse estudo é um perfil epidemiológico descritivo e de tendências temporais relacionado à LV no estado do Tocantins, sendo que, o estudo foi pautado em dados provenientes do Sistema de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS). Resultados: Os indicadores de morbidade mostraram que a região de saúde Médio Norte Araguaia é a de maior risco e as demais regiões apresentam persistência dos padrões endêmicos dentro do estado, sendo que a faixa etária predominante de casos foi em crianças de 0 a 4 anos e o sexo masculino se manteve superior ao longo da série histórica, evidenciando diferenças no acometimento por sexo e idade. Conclusão: Evidenciou-se que a LV persiste como um sério problema de saúde pública no estado do Tocantins ao longo dos anos. Dessa forma, os resultados ressaltam a necessidade de estratégias de controle a partir da definição das áreas prioritárias, levando em consideração a epidemiologia local e as diferentes realidades dos perfis populacionais acometidos no Tocantins.
PUNÇÃO DE TIREOIDE: CORRELAÇÃO TIRADS E BETHESDA
Authors: Grando Castaldell0 Ketlyn Letícia , Claudio Teixeira João Vilson , Serapião Monica , Rodrigues da Rocha Franciani
Published: December 2023

Introdução: A tireoide é uma glândula endócrina que está localizada na superfície anterior da traquéia, inferior à cartilagem tireóidea e profundamente aos músculos esternotireóideo e esterno-hióideo. Atua secretando os hormônios tiroxina e triiodotironina, T4 e T3, respectivamente. Objetivos: Desta forma o objetivo deste projeto é analisar e associar os achados ultrassonográficos e citopatológicos. Metodologia:  Será realizado um estudo observacional, analítico, transversal e retrospectivo utilizando e realizando cruzamento dos dados de ultrassom e citopatologia de dois serviços da microrregião do Alto Vale do Itajaí. Resultados: Referente aos dados coletados sobre o sexo, foi observado que dentro da amostra analisada, 135 nódulos (87,1%) pertenciam ao sexo feminino. Em contra partida foram observados 20 nódulos sexo masculino correspondentes a 12,9%. No tocante a localidade das lesões nodulares, o lobo esquerdo foi o local anatômico da tireoide com maior prevalência de nódulos, sendo 70 (45,2%) o número encontrado, seguido pelo lobo direito, 67 nódulos (43,2%), prolongamento ístmico a esquerda 5 nódulos (3,2%), prolongamento ístmico a direita 4 nódulos (2,6%) e por fim, istmo com 3 nódulos (1,9%). Conclusão: , pode-se avaliar que os dados da coleta dos laudos realizados no período já descrito corroboram com as informações existentes em literatura, em ênfase sobre a prevalência das características nodulares, na prevalencia de sexo, sendo o feminino, além da utilidade do sistema TI-RADS como ferramenta de suporte para indicação da PAAF
Palavras-chave: Tireóide; Patologia; Ultrassom.
Association of the interleukin-10 (IL-10) gene polymorphisms with ovarian cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Totou Stavri , Kalali Datis
Published: December 2023

Background. Ovarian cancer is a cancer with high fatality due to its symptomless nature which leads to late diagnosis. Therefore, there is an urgent need to discover genetic markers which are related to predisposition to the disease. With anti-inflammatory cytokines playing a major role in cancer predisposition, the present systematic review and meta-analysis was undertaken to evaluate the association of the interleukin-10 (IL-10) gene polymorphisms with ovarian cancer risk.
Material and methods. Online databases were searched for articles dating from June 2023 until inception for studies assessing the frequencies of IL-10 polymorphisms in ovarian cancer patients and controls. The odds ratios of the genotypes alongside with their respective 95% confidence intervals were calculated under three different genetic models.
Results. A total of 5 records studying the IL-10-819 C>T and IL-10-1082 G>A polymorphisms were included in the quantitative analysis. The meta-analysis suggested that the IL-10-819 C>T polymorphism was significantly associated the risk of ovarian cancer under a dominant (CT + TT vs CC) inheritance model (OR = 2.67; 95% CI = [1.17,6.12]; p = 0.02).
Conclusions. The meta-analysis suggested that the T allele of the IL-10-819 C>T is associated with increased risk of ovarian cancer, but there is no statistically significant association between the IL-10-1082 G>A polymorphism and ovarian cancer. Future studies are required to further verify these results.
PENGEMBANGAN APLIKASI KARIN (Karya Remaja Indonesia) TERHADAP KREATIVITAS PESERTA DIDIK
Authors: Tri Wahyuni
Published: December 2023

Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membentuk dimensi kreatif pada peserta didik dengan menggunakan aplikasi KARIN (Karya Remaja Indonesia). Aplikasi ini diharapkan mampu untuk membentuk dimensi kreatif pada peserta didik. Aplikasi KARIN (Karya Remaja Indonesia) adalah aplikasi android yang berfungsi untuk menyalurkan ide-ide peserta didik dengan cara menulis artikel sederhana. Aplikasi ini memiliki 4 screen yaitu Screen Utama yang berisi petunjuk penggunaan dan awal aplikasi. Screen kedua adalah screen utama yang ditampilan menjadi dua pilihan yaitu cipta karya dan kumpulan karya. Screen ketiga, Ketika peserta diidk memilih cipta karya maka akan dialihkan dalam piliha cipta karya yaitu peserta didik menulis apa yang ingin ditulis. Screen terakhir berisikan tentang kumpulan karya, peserta didik dapat melihat hasil dari teman satu dengan yang lainnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode R&D dengan menggunakan pendekatan 4D yang diringkas menjadi 3D. Uji yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini yaitu uji media dan uji keefektifan aplikasi. Uji media menadpatkan skor 81 dengan katagori sangat valid. Uji efektivitas mendapatan nilai 67, 52, nilai tersebut termasuk dalam katagori baik.
Algorithmically Mediated Nostalgia through Recordings of Post-Communist Parties on TikTok and Instagram
Authors: Țenea Anca
Published: December 2023

Among numerous capabilities, social media platforms have also enabled users to remix and repurpose analog videos through their features. This remediated media is further propelled by the platforms’ algorithmic systems, thus enhancing their visibility among users who, as affective publics, can interact with it and further remediate it. This paper discusses how the nostalgic discourse takes shape on Instagram and TikTok around remediated analog videos of parties and celebrations during the 1990s in Romania and how the platform affordances and the algorithmic imaginary of the affective publics influence the nostalgic discourse. The exploratory study utilizes a mixed method – combining digital ethnography, discourse analysis, and digital humanities – the research identifies a double-folded nostalgia, which is impacted by the interplay between each platform’s specific affordances and the imagined rules and styles of the platforms, imagined by their users.
DYNAMICS IN THE INCIDENCE OF DERMATOPHYTOSIS IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION IN 2005-2020
Authors:   Federal research institute for Health organization and informatics of Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia, Ogryzko Elena , Ivanova Maisa ,   Clinical Dermatovenerologic Dispensary of the Ministry of Health of the Krasnodar Territory, Krasnodar, Russia, Shevchenko Alexei ,   Federal research institute for Health organization and informatics of Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
Published: December 2023

Significance. The incidence of dermatophytosis is a medical and social problem due to their wide dissemination. It is known that the transmission of infection is due to non-compliance with sanitary and hygienic standards and through stray animals. There are many resort areas in the Russian Federation that are overcrowded and, as a rule, there are many stray cats. At the same time, during the Covid-19 pandemic, the access to medical specialists has somewhat decreased due to epidemiological restrictions. In this regard, it is of interest to study the dynamics and structure of the incidence of dermatophytosis in the Russian Federation in order to identify the most disadvantaged constituent entities of the Russian Federation in terms of incidence to develop targeted measures to prevent the spread of dermatophytes. The purpose of the study is to analyze peculiar features in the dynamics and structure of the dermatophyte incidence in the Russian Federation. Material and methods: the analysis was based on data of the federal statistical observation forms No.9 and No.34 for 2005-2020. The study used analytical method, and method of descriptive statistics to undertake a retrospective analysis of data on the incidence of dermatophytosis and contingents of patients. For data processing, MS Office Excel 2010 spreadsheets and Statistica10 program were used. Results: In the structure of dermatophytosis in 2020, mycoses of the feet and hands (67.2%) prevailed, followed by microsporia (26.3%) and trichophytosis (0.74%). In the dynamics in 2005-2020, the incidence rates of mycoses of the feet and hands decreased by 31.8%, microsporia - by 11.2%, trichophytosis - by 46.2%, while the incidence of onychomycosis increased by 13.3%. It is noteworthy that out of all newly diagnosed cases of microsporia in the Russian Federation in 2020, children aged 0-14 years accounted for up to 77.4%; trichophytosis in this age group of children accounted for up to 61.5% of all cases. A widespread decrease in the incidence of fungal infections of the feet and hands and increased incidence of microsporia and trichophytosis have been registered in individual federal districts. Conclusions: new data obtained from the analysis of the incidence of dermatophytosis in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation indicate regional features of the distribution with the predominant share of pediatric population among those with microsporia and trichophytosis. Scope of application. The study results may be of interest to health officers, practitioners, residents and graduate students of medical universities.
METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO ANALYZING SOCIO-ECONOMIC WELL-BEING IN OLDER ADULTS. ANALYTICAL REVIEW
Authors:   Irkutsk State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Irkutsk, Russia, Gaidarov Gaidar , Alekseevskaya Tatyana ,   Irkutsk State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Irkutsk, Russia, Sofronov Oleg ,   Irkutsk State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Irkutsk, Russia, Kindrat Dmitry ,   Irkutsk State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Irkutsk, Russia
Published: December 2023

Significance The process of population aging leads to the transformation of the needs of society, since a higher share of older age groups necessitates a qualitatively different assistance to ensure socio-economic well-being, in contrast to the pre-working and working ages. To ensure effective implementation of the measures aimed at improving socio-economic well-being in older age groups special research methods are required. Purpose of the study was to systematize and generalize approaches to the development of methodological support for assessing socio-economic well-being in older adults. Material and methods. The authors have analyzed literature sources on methodological support for assessing socio-economic well-being. Results. The literature review shows that multiple studies on methodology for assessing well-being have been actively published since the first half of the 20th century. While developing methods, the researchers were focused on aspects of socioeconomic well-being that were of the highest social significance at the time of development. Throughout the 20th century, approaches to the unambiguity of the well-being criteria have been evolving, researchers were determining a list of elements that constitute well-being. At the turn of the 20th and 21st centuries, researchers were intensively focused on registration and investigation of subjunctive indicators, thus shaping a comprehensive concept of socio-economic well-being that was not limited to objective criteria only. Special methods that assess socio-economic well-being in older adults were introduced into practice only at the beginning of the 21st century; national researchers still develop and apply such methods less extensively, actively using non-specialized methods for assessing well-being. Conclusion. Based on the analysis, the authors have concluded that the development of methodological approaches to study socio-economic well-being in older ages is an urgent task that is being actively addressed by national researchers.
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN SILIKA FUME TERHADAP KUAT TEKAN BETON
Authors: A Arman , Mulyati Mulyati , Nugroho Fajar , Fadhil Azman Hanif
Published: December 2023

Perkembangan teknologi di Indonesia saat ini mengalami perkembangan yang cukup pesat, khususnya dalam bidang konstruksi. Beton merupakan salah satu material konstruksi yang sering digunakan pada berbagai jenis konstruksi seperti gedung, jembatan, jalan raya, bendungan dan inprastruktur sipil lainnya. Beton terdiri dari campuran material agregat kasar, agregat halus, semen, air dan kadang-kadang beton juga dapat ditambah dengan bahan kimia dan non-kimia pada perbandingan tertentu. Maka dari itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan Silika fume terhadap kuat tekan beton. Pada penelitian menggunakan Silika fume dengan persentase 0%, 4%, 7%, dan 10% dari berat semen dengan 1 sampel untuk tiap persentase. Pemeriksaan sifat fisik material beton dilakukan di laboratorium Teknik Sipil ITP dan pengujian kuat tekan beton dilakukan di laboratorium Dinas PU. Penelitian ini menggunakan bahan Standar SNI 7656-2012. Benda uji yang digunakan berbentuk silinder baja dengan ukuran diameter 150 mm x tinggi 300 mm. Berdasarkan hasil uji kuat tekan beton yang dilakukan dilakukan di laboratorium Dinas PU pada umur 28 hari dari beton normal diperoleh nilai kuat tekan yaitu sebesar 27,03 Mpa, beton dengan tambahan Silika fume 4% mengalami kenaikan kuat tekan sebesar 1,59% dengan diperoleh nilai kuat tekan yaitu sebesar 27,46 Mpa, beton dengan tambahan Silika fume 7% mengalami penurunan kuat tekan sebesar 8,38% dengan diperoleh nilai kuat tekan yaitu sebesar 24,76 Mpa, dan beton dengan tambahan Silika fume 10% mengalami penurunan kuat tekan sebesar 26,89% dengan diperoleh nilai kuat tekan yaitu sebesar 19,76 Mpa. Dari data ini diketahui bahwa nilai kuat tekan optimum diperoleh pada penambahan Silika fume 4% yaitu sebesar 27,46 Mpa. Setelah melakukan penelitian ini, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa penambahan Silika fume untuk  campuran pembuatan beton dapat dilaksanakan dengan ketentuan untuk penambahan Silika Fume dibawah 4% dari berat semen.
Recovery of State Losses Through the Economic Analysis of Law Approach
Authors: Octavianus Dwi Caesar , Rato Dominikus , Anggono Bayu Dwi
Published: December 2023

In the era of globalization, addressing the complex challenges of state financial recovery due to corruption and illicit practices necessitates a holistic approach that integrates legal, economic, and social aspects. This research employs normative research methods and a conceptual approach to analyze the legal framework and economic concepts related to the Economic Analysis of Law (EAL) in the context of national financial recovery. By synthesizing legal and economic principles, the study demonstrates that EAL proves highly effective in confronting the challenges of state financial recovery. The integration of economic principles in legal analysis allows governments to craft policies that are not only legally robust but also economically efficient. Through a focused examination of the economic impact of illegal actions on state finances, EAL facilitates the identification of losses and the design of precise recovery strategies. The findings underscore the potential of EAL as a valuable tool for governments worldwide in formulating sustainable policies for financial restitution.Highlights: Holistic Approach: The study advocates for a holistic approach to state financial recovery by integrating legal and economic perspectives, emphasizing the interconnectedness of legal principles and economic efficiency. Efficient Policy Design: Economic Analysis of Law (EAL) is shown to be a powerful tool in crafting policies that are not only legally robust but also economically efficient, ensuring a balanced and effective strategy for financial restitution. Focused Impact Analysis: EAL's focus on analyzing the economic impact of illicit actions aids governments in accurately identifying financial losses, enabling the precise design of recovery strategies and contributing to more targeted and effective recovery efforts. Keywords: Economic Analysis of Law, State Financial Recovery, Legal and Economic Integration, Illicit Practices, Policy Formulation
Role Of Brand Awerenes, Price and Product Innovation on Smartphone Purchasing Decisions In Sidoarjo
Authors: Fitanto Julian Harris Ega , Prapanca Detak , Sari Dewi Komala
Published: December 2023

This descriptive research employs quantitative methods to investigate the intricate interplay between brand awareness, price, and product innovation in shaping smartphone purchasing decisions among 96 respondents in Sidoarjo. Employing a non-probability sampling technique with purposive sampling, the study utilizes multiple linear regression analysis through SPSS version 26 for data analysis. The findings underscore the pivotal roles of brand awareness, price, and product innovation in influencing smartphone purchase decisions in the studied region. This research contributes valuable insights into consumer behavior, offering implications for marketers and policymakers alike in understanding and leveraging these determinants to enhance the appeal and competitiveness of smartphone products.
Highlights:

Consumer Influence: The study reveals the significant impact of brand awareness, price, and product innovation on consumer decision-making processes when purchasing smartphones in the Sidoarjo region.

Quantitative Analysis: Employing multiple linear regression analysis using SPSS version 26, the research provides a rigorous quantitative examination of the relationships between brand awareness, price, and product innovation in the smartphone market.

Strategic Implications: The findings offer practical insights for marketers and policymakers, emphasizing the need to strategically manage brand awareness, pricing strategies, and product innovation to enhance the appeal and competitiveness of smartphone products in the targeted market.

Keywords: Brand Awareness, Price, Product Innovation, Purchase Decision
Sniffing Cybercrimes in M-Banking via WhatsApp: Comparative Legal Framework and Implications
Authors: Aziziyah Tsania , Purwoleksono Didik Endro , Rachman Taufik
Published: December 2023

This normative legal research investigates the regulatory landscape and legal responsibilities surrounding sniffing cybercrimes in mobile banking (M-Banking) operations via the WhatsApp application. The study uniquely aligns its analysis with established laws like the Information and Electronic Transaction Law (UU ITE) and the Personal Data Protection Law (UU PDP), elucidating the nuances in sanctions stipulated by these respective legislations. It reveals that the UU ITE and its amendments carry more severe sanctions than the UU PDP. However, based on the lex specialis derogate legi generalis principle and teleological/sociological interpretations of the law's purpose, it concludes that Article 67 (1) of UU PDP governs such sniffing offenses in M-Banking via WhatsApp. The implicated legal liability includes a maximum prison sentence of five years and/or a fine up to five hundred billion rupiah. Moreover, the research underscores the accountability of banking institutions to compensate for the losses suffered by victims, encompassing the replacement of the full or partial account balance or other agreed forms of responsibility. These findings have critical implications for cybersecurity regulations, and the banking sector's duty of care towards customers in the digital era.Highlights: Disparity: Penalties under UU ITE and UU PDP differ for sniffing cybercrimes. Governing Law: Sniffing crimes in M-Banking via WhatsApp fall under UU PDP, Article 67 (1). Liability: Banks are responsible for compensating victims' losses. Keywords: Sniffing Cybercrimes, M-Banking, WhatsApp, Legal Framework, Bank Accountability.
Vicarious Liability in Personal Data Protection
Authors: Claudia Zulian , Gunadi Ariawan
Published: December 2023

This study explores the legal responsibility and ideal concepts in compensating victims of personal data misuse, focusing on the ambiguous regulations within Indonesia's Personal Data Protection Act (UU PDP). The research, conducted through a normative-juridical approach employing conceptual and legislative methods, assessed primary legal materials including UUD NRI 1945 and UU PDP, along with secondary legal materials like books, journals, and non-legal materials such as language dictionaries. The results identified an existing lack of clarity in the UU PDP regarding the embraced accountability concept, potentially impairing the optimal filing of compensation claims by personal data subjects. It concluded that adopting the legal accountability concept of vicarious liability could ensure legal certainty for victims and simplify obtaining compensation for personal data misuse. The study implies the necessity for the adoption of vicarious liability, particularly in compensating victims of data misuse, by future institutions involved in personal data protection. Highlights: Ambiguity in Regulation: The UU PDP's lack of clarity concerning legal accountability may lead to suboptimal compensation claims for personal data subjects. Ideal Concept Identified: The vicarious liability concept was determined as an ideal basis for legal accountability in compensating victims of personal data misuse. Implication for Future Institutions: The findings suggest the importance of adopting vicarious liability in future data protection institutions, particularly regarding compensation for data misuse victims. Keywords: Vicarious Liability, Personal Data Protection, Legal Responsibility, Compensation, Normative-Juridical Analysis
Validation of hemoglobin measurement in venous blood using HemoCue for the Ensanut 2022
Authors: De la Cruz-Góngora Vanessa , Méndez-Gómez Humarán Ignacio , Jaimes-Terán Socorro , Gaytán Miguel , Gómez-Acosta Luz María , Vizuet-Vega Norma Isela , Gaona-Pineda Elsa Berenice , Cuevas-Nasu Lucia , Romero Martín , Dary Omar , Shamah-Levy Teresa
Published: December 2023

Objective. To validate hemoglobin (Hb) concentration in venous blood (VB) using the HemoCue 201+ in a subsample of children and women from the Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey 2022. Materials and methods. Prior to field work 50 HemoCue 201+ devices were verified using venous blood. During the field work 57 children (aged 1-11) and 62 women (aged 12-49) donated 3 mL of VB each. Hb was measured in each device of HemoCue 201+ and in a hematologic autoanalyzer for the validation. Results. No significant bias was found in most of the devices. An adjustment criterion was used for 22 devices. Hb mean difference results were -0.049±0.578 g/dL in children and -0.098±0.628 g/dL in women. Conclusions. The HemoCue 201+ is a valid tool for estimating Hb concentration to produce reliable estimates of anemia prevalence when using venous blood.
Gene-Based Therapy for the Treatment of Spinal Muscular Atrophy Types 1 and 2
: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: sanmaneechai oranee , Chongmelaxme Bunchai , Yodsurang Varalee , Vichayachaipat Ponlawat
Published: December 2023

Background: Despite numerous studies identifying the advantages of therapies for spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), healthcare professionals encounter obstacles in determining the most effective treatment. This study aimed to investigate the effects of gene-based therapy for SMA.
Objective :
Methods: A systematic search was conducted from inception to November 2022 across databases. All studies assessing the effects of gene-based therapy on patients with SMA types 1 and 2 were included. The outcomes measured were survival, the need for ventilatory support, improvements in motor function, and the occurrence of adverse drug reactions. Meta-analyses were performed using a random-effects model (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42021284231)
Results:A total of 42 studies (n = 1932) were included. The meta-analyses revealed that onasemnogene abeparvovec showed the highest survival rate (95% [95% CI: 88, 100]), followed by risdiplam (87% [95% CI: 77, 95]) and nusinersen (60% [95% CI: 50, 70]). The number of patients needing ventilatory support was reduced after treatment with onasemnogene abeparvovec (risk ratio = 0·10 [95% CI: 0·02, 0·53]). Onasemnogene abeparvovec and risdiplam had similar proportions of patients with improvements in the Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Infant Test of Neuromuscular Disorders score of ≥4 points (92% [95% CI: 62, 100] vs 90% [95% CI: 77, 97]). In contrast, nusinersen had the smallest improvement (75% [95% CI: 66, 83]). The most frequently observed adverse drug reactions were headaches, vomiting, and gastrointestinal disorders.
Conclusion: Gene-based therapy benefits patient survival and improves motor function. Onasemnogene abeparvovec and risdiplam appear highly effective, whereas nusinersen exhibits moderate effectiveness.
A synchronous atmosphere-cryosphere-land response to climate on the northern Antarctic Peninsula since the mid-Holocene
Authors: Evangelista Heitor , Verkulich Sergei , Mavlyudov Bulat , Echer Mariza P. , Licinio Marcus Vinicius , Dercon Gerd , García-Rodríguez Felipe , Neto Arthur A. , Kusch Stephanie , Abuchacra Rodrigo C. , Oaquim Anna B.J. , Gonçalves Sérgio J. , Pushina Zinaida , Shimizu Marília H , Heiling Maria , Slaets Johanna , Resch Christian , Castillo Alejandra , Gruber Roman
Published: December 2023

West Antarctica plays a pivotal role in sea level rise in projected scenarios with global socioenvironmental and economic consequences. Therefore, describing its recent and past climate history and changes is essential for identifying the main climate controls and past responses. To better understand the climatic sensitivity of this region, we analyzed sedimentary records from newly surveyed proglacial lacustrine profiles dated from the middle Holocene to the present on the North Antarctic Peninsula. We combined atmosphere-glacier-land databases that evidenced a close coupling among these compartments during intense melting events. Our analyses furthermore suggest that a short Neoglacial phase from ∼1,500–2,000 kyr BP until the onset of the 20th century was possibly influenced by a combined long-term decline in total solar irradiance, Andean volcanism and ENSO.
Aberrant fragmentomic features of circulating cell-free mitochondrial DNA as novel biomarkers in cancer patients
Authors: Xing Jinliang , Liu Yang , Peng Fan , Wang Siyuan , Jiao Huanmin , Zhou Kaixiang , Guo Wenjie , Guo Shanshan , Zhang Huanqin
Published: December 2023

Fragmentomic features of circulating cell free mitochondrial DNA (ccf-mtDNA) including fragmentation profile, 5’ end base preference and motif diversity are poorly understood. Here, we generated sequencing data in 788 plasma samples and found that fragmentomic features of ccf-mtDNA were remarkably different from those of circulating cell free nuclear DNA. Furthermore, region-specific fragmentomic features were observed, which was associated with protein binding, base composition and special structure of mitochondrial DNA. Aberrant fragmentomic features were observed in six cancer types compared to non-cancer controls. Highly accurate cancer detection models were built based on the fragmentomic features. The overall accuracy of tissue-of-origin was 90.59% for six cancer types. The fragmentation profile could also be used for effective monitoring of treatment efficacy in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Altogether, our study comprehensively describes cancer-specific fragmentomic features of ccf-mtDNA and provides a proof-of-principle for the ccf-mtDNA fragmentomics-based cancer detection and treatment monitoring.
Nonlinear Bonding Analysis of Bolt Connection and Secondary Tightening Strategy
Authors: Qiao Yueqi , Zhao Bing , Wu Dongbo , Ouyang Weijin , Li Heng , Zhang Shen
Published: December 2023

The tightening process of aero-engine rotor bolt involves a nonlinear bonding stage, which poses challenges in achieving accurate control of the pre-tightening force using the way of torque control. This study proposes a secondary tightening control strategy that offers high precision and adaptability for controlling the bolt pre-tightening force based on the snug point. Firstly, we provide a detailed description of the variable stiffness process during the nonlinear bonding stage of bolt, based on theories related to bolt torque-pretension relationship and bolt deformation coordination relationship. Secondly, we design methods for extracting the snug point and calculating the target rotation angle through the Monte-Carlo simulation model and the linear goodness of fit evaluation mechanism. Thirdly, we experimentally investigate the effectiveness of this secondary tightening strategy using the typical connection section of aero-engine rotor flange bolt as our experimental object. The results indicate that applying this secondary tightening strategy can effectively mitigate uncertainties caused by nonlinear bonding and reduce errors resulting from variations in bolt characteristics and external conditions. Compared to torque control method and torque-angle control method, employing this secondary tightening strategy reduces the standard deviation of pre-tightening force from 1.875 and 1.031 to 0.536, thereby minimizing dispersion in pre-tightening force level. Additionally, it reduces maximum deviation of pre-tightening force from 30.9% and 20.1% to 2.8%, significantly enhancing accuracy in controlling bolt tightening.
A Systematic Pan-Cancer Analysis and Experimental Verification Reveals SPATS2L as a Potential New Immunological and Prognostic Biomarker of Lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: yang yuwei , Cao Yan , Zhang Hao , li qiao , Wang Xinjing , Lu hengzhi , Yao Chen , Xie Lixin
Published: December 2023

Background
SPATS2L (Spermatogenesis-associated serine-rich 2-like) is an intranuclear stress-response protein involved in chromosomal organization, ribosomal biogenesis, and translational control. Although there is mounting evidence that SPATS2L was involved in the carcinogenesis of some cancers, no thorough pan-cancer investigation of SPATS2L is available so far.
Results
Based on multiple databases, including TCGA, GTEx, CCLE, cBioPortal, TIMER2, ImmuCellAI, GDSC, and Reactome, we analyzed the expression, prognosis, DNA methylation, tumor mutational burden (TMB), microsatellite instability (MSI), immune cell infiltration, drug sensitivity, and clinicopathological and prognostic relevance of SPATS2L in pan-cancer including 33 types of cancers. Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) specimens were enrolled to test the expression of SPATS2L by immunohistochemistry. LUAD cell A549 transfected with siRNA targeting SPATS2L was used in subsequent experiments. SPATS2L expression was dramatically increased in a variety of malignancies, while it was low in ACC, KICH, and LAML as indicated by multiple databases and confirmed by immunohistochemistry assays. Importantly, SPATS2L has been found to have prognostic and clinicopathological importance in several malignancies. SPATS2L expression was also linked to TMB and MSI in 9 types of cancers, and there was a link between SPATS2L expression and DNA methylation in 28 types of cancers. SPATS2L was also found to be highly linked with immune cell infiltration, ICP expression, stromal score, immune score, and ESTIMATE score in various malignancies, demonstrating their regulatory roles on the TME. Consistently, the results of GSEA and GSVA analyses revealed a substantial link between SPATS2L and certain cellular immunological responses. SPATS2L was found to be strongly linked to 173 anti-tumor drugs. The overexpressed SPATS2L in LUAD tissues was validated. Knockdown of SPATS2L inhibited LUAD cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis.
Conclusions
This study indicated that SPATS2L might be a potential cancer biomarker for the prognosis and immunotherapeutic response. SPATS2L expression in cancers may be involved in the regulation of the tumor immune microenvironment and drug sensitivity, which may be a new-targeted molecule for developing anti-tumor drugs and immunotherapy, especially for LUAD.
Phytochemical Profiles of Rhoicissus Tridentata Harvested From the Slopes Elgon Sub-region, Uganda
Authors: Kudamba Ali , Kasolo Josephine N. , Bbosa Godfrey S. , Lugaajju Allan , Wabinga Henry , Niyonzima Nixon , Ocan Moses , Damani Ali M. , Kafeero Hussein M. , Ssenku Jamilu E. , Okurut Shaban A. , Lubowa Muniiru , AW Abdul Walusansa , Muwonge Haruna
Published: December 2023

Introduction:Prostate cancer remains a formidable threat in Uganda. As such, the quest to find novel, efficacious therapies with reduced side effects to avert this challenge is still ongoing. Medicinal plants are taking center stage in these efforts. In the Elgon sub-region of Eastern Uganda, Rhoicissus tridentata (L.f.) is one of the medicinal plants commonly used in the management of prostate cancer among communities and traditional herbalists but its phytochemical profiles responsible for toxicity activity have not fully been investigated. This impedes the potential usefulness of R. tridentata in developing improved anticancer biotherapeutics.to find novel, efficacious therapies with reduced side effects to avert this challenge is still ongoing. The current study investigated the phytochemical compositions of aqueous and methanol extracts of Rhoicissus tridentata used in the management of prostate harvested from the Elgon sub-region.Methods:The root tubers were harvested from the mountain Elgon sub-region, identified and authenticated, cleaned, air-dried, pounded, and subjected to qualitative phytochemical profiling and spectrophotometry. The laboratory experiments were conducted at Islamic University in Uganda, Uganda Natural Chemotherapeutics Laboratories, and Makerere University. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics with STATA version 15.0 software. Graphs were plotted using GraphPad Prism®version 9.0.0.Results:The researchers found that Rhoicissus tridentata (L.f.) root tuber extracts were very rich in a number of phytochemical compounds that dissolve better in methanol than in ethanol. Polyphenols, tannins, glycosides, carotenoids, and flavonoids were significantly higher in methanol than in ethanol and water (p=0.0022), while saponins were substantially higher in water (p=0.0022).Conclusions:Root tubers of Rhoicissus tridentata (L.f.) had several bioactive compounds, with the majority found in methanol as compared to water extract. The bioactive compounds observed were mainly polyphenols and flavonoids, and these have been reported to possess reputable anticancer properties. To help the pharmaceutical industry develop novel and more potent anticancer medications from plants such as R. tridentata, it is necessary to undertake in vitro and in vivo investigations on the plant extracts and to purify and characterize the most bioactive compounds.
Scrub typhus manifesting with Temporal lobe hemorrhage: a Case report
Authors: Chen Kaida , Zheng Qiulin
Published: December 2023

Background: Tsutsugamushi disease, alternatively known as Scrub Typhus, is a natural focus disease caused by Rickettsia tsutsugamushi. Clinical manifestations include sudden onset, fever, eschar or ulceration at the bite site, lymphadenopathy, and rash. Moreover, severe scrub typhus can present with a variety of symptoms. Timely diagnosis and appropriate intervention are critically linked to the prognosis of scrub typhus.
Case presentation: The patient, a 57-year-old woman, was admitted to our hospital with primary symptoms of fever and headache. Brain computed tomography (CT) scan revealed a hemorrhage in the temporal lobe, leading to her admission to our hospital's Department of Neurosurgery. Subsequently, the patient was transferred to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) due to severe respiratory failure and hypotension. Ultimately, the clinical diagnosis of severe scrub typhus was established.
Conclusion: Early diagnosis and timely intervention of scrub typhus are crucial for improving the disease's prognosis. Clinicians must heighten their awareness of scrub typhus to facilitate early detection and prompt treatment. The review of the disease progression in this case indicates that, in patients with scrub typhus, despite the absence of severe coagulopathy and DIC, the potential risk of cerebral hemorrhage should still be vigilantly monitored. Moreover, consideration should be given to the potential risk of scrub typhus infection in patients with cerebral hemorrhage and unexplained fever, especially in areas where scrub typhus is endemic.
Acceptability of newborn screening for sickle cell disease among post-natal mothers at Homa Bay County Referral Hospital, western Kenya
Authors: Orimbo John Guda , Awandu Shehu Shagari , Muhonja Faith , Owili Patrick , Omondi Dickens , Orimbo John Guda
Published: December 2023

Background
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a genetically inherited blood disorder that manifests early in life with resultant significant health complications. Globally, nearly three quarters of all affected babies are in sub-Saharan Africa. Early identification of babies with SCD through newborn screening (NBS) followed by early linkage to care is recommended. However, the program has not been widely adopted in the sub-Saharan Africa. Evidence on acceptability of NBS to scale up NBS program is scarce. This study assessed factors associated with acceptability of newborn screening among mothers of newborns delivered at Homa Bay County Teaching and Referral Hospital (HCTRH), western Kenya.
Methods
This study employed a cross-sectional design among postnatal mothers at HCTRH. A semi-structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Maternal sociodemographic characteristics, knowledge, and perception were assessed. Babies were also screened for SCD using Sickle SCAN point-of-care test. The acceptability was calculated as percentage of mothers accepting to have their babies screened. Data were analyzed using logistic regression to explore factors associated with acceptability of NBS.
Results
Ninety-four percent of mothers accepted NBS. Mother’s age and occupation were significantly associated with acceptability of NBS for SCD. Younger mothers (OR = 3.01;95%CI = 1.16–7.83; p = 0.024) and being a student (OR = 6.18; 95%CI = 1.18–32.22; p = 0.031) were significant at bivariate regression analysis. Only being a student (aOR = 25.02; 95% CI = 1.29-484.51; p = 0.033) was significant at multivariate logistic regression analysis. Male partner support was found to be a strong positive modifying factor (coef = 7.50; std error = 1.31;95%CI = 4.94–10.07; p < 0.001).
Conclusion
The observed high acceptability of NBS for SCD in this population is indicative of a tacit acceptance of NBS for SCD.This is especially among younger mothers, being modified by male partner influence. A high level acceptance is necessary for scaling up the NBS program.
Enhanced Visualization in Endoleak Detection: A Comparative Analysis of Virtual Monoenergetic Imaging and Advanced Reconstruction Techniques
Authors: Kazimierczak Wojciech , Kazimierczak Natalia , Wilamowska Justyna , Wojtowicz Olaf , Nowak Ewa , Serafin Zbigniew
Published: December 2023

To assess the image quality parameters of dual-energy computed tomography angiography (DECTA) 40-, and 60 keV virtual monoenergetic images (VMIs) combined with deep learning-based image reconstruction model (DLM) and adaptive statistical iterative reconstructions (ASIR). CT scans of 28 post EVAR patients were enrolled. The 60 s delayed phase of DECTA was evaluated. Objective (noise, contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), signal-to-noise ratio (SNR)) and subjective (overall image quality and endoleak conspicuity – 3 blinded readers assessment) image quality analyses were performed. The following reconstructions were evaluated: VMI 40,60 keV VMI; ASIR VMI 40,60 keV; DLM VMI 40,60 keV. The noise level of the DLM VMI images was approximately 50% lower than that of VMI reconstruction. The highest CNR and SNR values were measured in VMI DLM images. The mean CNR in endoleak in 40 keV was accounted for as 1.83 ± 1.2; 2.07 ± 2.02; 3.6 ± 3.26 in VMI, VMI ASIR, and VMI DLM, respectively. The DLM algorithm significantly reduced noise and increased lesion conspicuity, resulting in higher objective and subjective image quality compared to other reconstruction techniques. The application of DLM algorithms to low-energy VMIs significantly enhances the diagnostic value of DECTA in evaluating endoleaks. DLM reconstructions surpass traditional VMIs and ASIR in terms of image quality.
The pattern of neurological emergencies: Frequency, etiology and outcome, for patients admitted to ICU at Khartoum State Hospitals
Authors: Daoud Mahmoud Hussien Salih , Abuobieda Husam , Abdelhalim sara Ismail , Mohmed Mohmed Hussien Ahmed , Elamin Abubakr Elmotesim Abdulla
Published: December 2023

Background: Neurological emergencies are frequent presentations and often end with devastating short and long term consequences. Neurological disorders are increasingly prevalent in Sub-Saharan Africa with paucity of data on adult neurological emergencies in our context.
Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study enrolled 103 patients with neurologic emergencies admitted to ICU Khartoum state intensive care departments during the period from October 2019 to April 2020. Data regarding demographics, presentations, clinical examinations, laboratory investigations, indications of ICU admission, diagnosis of neurological conditions, length of ICU stay, patterns of medications and outcomes were collected. Data was analyzed by using SPSS v. 21.0
Results:Among 103 patients with neurologic emergencies admitted to ICU, 56% were males and 44% were females. Patients are categorized into central nervous system diseases in which intracranial hemorrhage 28.1%, Meningitis 27.2%, encephalitis 27.2%, ischemic stroke 18.4% were the common diagnoses. Whereas, in the peripheral nervous system GBS 15.5%, MG crisis 3.88% were the common diseases. The common symptoms were altered mental status 64.1%, seizures 34%, motor weakness 27.2%, headache 18.4%, dysphagia 16.5%, fever 16.5%, shortness of breath 9.7%, and mutism 7.8%. Hypertension 43.7% and diabetes mellitus 21.4% were the major co morbidities. Indications for ICU admission were mostly decreased level of consciousness 74.8%, accelerated hypertension 21.4%, respiratory failure 19.4%, aspiration pneumonia 10.7% and intractable seizures 2.9%. Majority of the patients 83.5% received antibiotics, 36% received low molecular weight heparin (LMWH), 32% received proton pump inhibitors (PPI), and 10.6% received mechanical ventilation.44% of patients improved and discharged, 41% developed complications mainly aspiration pneumonia 24.3% and 15% died.
Conclusion: Sudanese patients with neurologic emergencies admitted to ICU were older and mostly males. Intracranial hemorrhage and meningoencephalitis were the main diagnosis. Patients commonly presented with altered mental status. A decreased level of consciousness (low GCS) was the foremost indication of ICU admission. Half of the patients were improved and aspiration pneumonia observed in a quarter of the patients.
Refining risk prediction in pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia through DNA methylation profiling
Authors: Orgueira Adrián Mosquera , Krali Olga , Míguez Carlos Pérez , Raíndo Andrés Peleteiro , Arias José Ángel Díaz , Pérez Marta Sonia González , Encinas Manuel Mateo Pérez , Sanmartín Manuel Fernández , Sinnet Daniel , Heyman Mats , Lönnerholm Gudmar , Norén-Nyström Ulrika , Schmiegelow Kjeld , Nordlund Jessica
Published: December 2023

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most prevalent cancer in children, and despite considerable progress in treatment outcomes, relapses still pose significant risks of mortality and long-term complications. To address this challenge, we employed supervised machine learning techniques, specifically random survival forests, to predict the risk of relapse and mortality using array-based DNA methylation data from a cohort of 763 pediatric ALL patients treated in Nordic countries. The relapse risk predictor (RRP) was constructed based on 16 CpG sites, demonstrating c-indexes of 0.667 and 0.677 in the training and test sets, respectively. The mortality risk predictor (MRP), comprising 53 CpG sites, exhibited c-indexes of 0.751 and 0.755 in the training and test sets, respectively. To validate the prognostic value of the predictors, we further analyzed two independent cohorts of Canadian (n = 42) and Nordic (n = 384) ALL patients. The external validation confirmed our findings, with the RRP achieving a c-index of 0.667 in the Canadian cohort, and the RRP and MRP achieving c-indexes of 0.529 and 0.621, respectively, in the Nordic cohort. The precision of the RRP and MRP models improved when incorporating traditional risk group data, underscoring the potential for synergistic integration of clinical prognostic factors. Collectively, our results highlight potential predictive power of DNA methylation as a standalone factor and its potential to refine risk stratification in clinical practice. These findings may pave the way for future advancements in personalized treatment strategies for pediatric ALL based on epigenetic profiling.