bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENTINGNYA VAKSINASI DI MASA PANDEMI
Authors: Hadani Kilmatuna
Published: October 2021

Pada tanggal 31 Desember 2019, dilaporkan terdapat 27 kasus pneumonia dengan etiologi yang tidak diketahui di Kota Wuhan, provinsi Hubei di Cina (Sun et al., 2020). Pada 11 Februari 2020, WHO secara resmi menyebut penyakit yang dipicu oleh 2019-nCoV sebagai Penyakit Virus Corona 2019 (COVID-19). Pada 30 Januari 2020, WHO mendeklarasikan wabah COVID-19 di Cina sebagai Kedaruratan Kesehatan Masyarakat yang Meresahkan Dunia (Public Health Emergency of International Concern, PHEIC) ini meandakan COVID-19 sebagai ancaman global dunia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode review article. Sumber data penelitian ini berasal dari literatur yang diperoleh melalui internet berupa hasil penelitian dari publikasi jurnal Internasional. Vaksin adalah cara yang paling efektif dan ekonomis untuk mencegah penyakit menular. Pengembangan afektif terhadap infeksi SARS-CoV-2 sangat diperlukan. sejauh ini lebih dari 40 perusahaan farmasi dan lembaga akademis di seluruh dunia telah meluncurkan program pengembangan vaksin mereka melawan SARS-CoV-2. Vaksin mRNA memiliki keunggulan dibandingkan vaksin konvensional lainnya, dengan tidak adanya integrasi genom, respon imun yang berkembang, perkembangan yang cepat dibandingkan jenis vaksin lainnya, dan kemampuan memproduksi antigen multimeric. Namun sejauh ini belum ada vaksin mRNA yang masuk ke pasaran, sehingga mungkin diperlukan lebih banyak waktu dalam penetapan standar kualitas dan evaluasi keamanan vaksin.
Kewajiban warga negara harus minum vitamin daya tahan tubuh disaat pandemi
Authors: Pawestri Artha Dwi Shafira
Published: October 2021

Vitamin adalah senyawa organik yang banyak terdapat dalam sayur dan buah yang kita konsumsi.Vitamin dan mineral diperlukan oleh tubuh untuk menunjang kinerja organ tubuh kita sehari-hari.
Dampak Sekolah Daring Terhadap Kesehatan Mental Karena Penggunaan Gadged Pada Anak Usia Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Yasmin Zakiya
Published: October 2021

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dampak yang ditimbulkan oleh penggunaan gadged pada saat sekolah daring terhadap kesehatan mental pada anak usia sekolah dasar. Dampak yang ditimbulkan penggunaan gadget utuk anak usia sekolah berupa dampak positif dan negative. Dampak positif adalah anak bisa berinteraksi dengan teman dimanapun berada, bisa belajar online disituasi pandemi Covid-19. Dampak negatif penggunaan gadget yaitu dapat mengganggu kesehatan mental, menganggu perkembangan anak, mempengaruhi perilaku anak dan penurunan konsentrasi belajar.
keabsahan transaksi jual beli gharar
Authors: Ramadhina Zahra Zahira , Putri Kharisma , Kurniawan Rachmad Risqy
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sah atau tidaknya transaksi jual beli yang mengandung unsur gharar di dalamnya. Kegiatan jual beli dilakukan untuk mendapatkan keuntungan. Namun pada kenyataannya tidak semua transaksi jual beli mendatangkan keuntungan. Jual beli gharar justru menyebabkan kerugian karena mengandung unsur penipuan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kepustakaan (library research) dengan metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode tafsir tahlili. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pengaruh gharar terhadap transaksi jual beli adalah membuat transaksi jual beli menjadi tidak sah atau fasid berdasarkan dalil al-Quran Surah al-Baqarah ayat 188.
Bagus Anggoro (2301938472) - Paper Effect of market orientation, marketing capability, product innovation on performance
Authors: Anggoro Bagus
Published: October 2021

Bisnis memiliki 2 skala, besar dan kecil. Bisnis skala besar tentunya memiliki modal, tanggung jawab, dan resiko yang besar pula. Maka dari itu akan sangat disayangkan apabila bisnis tersebut akhirnya gagal. Sedangkan bisnis kecil merupakan kebalikannya, memiliki modal, tanggung jawab, dan resiko yang relatif cukup kecil, sehingga sangat fleksibel bila tersebut gagal, maka akan dengan mudah si pemiliki bisnis akan berganti haluan untuk mencoba bisnis baru.Peranan bisnis kecil sangat berpengaruh terhadap perekonomian di Indonesia, hal ini memiliki 2 faktor utama. Yang pertama adalah tenaga kerja. Bisnis kecil cenderung akan dengan mudah untuk merekrut tenaga kerja, karena dengan modal, tanggung jawab, dan resiko yang lebih kecil dibandingkan dengan bisnis besar, maka requirements atau persyaratan untuk berkerja di bisnis kecil terbilang cukup mudah. Yang kedua adalah sumber pendapatan bagi kelompok berpenghasilan rendah. Dengan requirements atau persyaratan kerja yang mudah, maka kalangan yang berpenghasilan kecil, kurang pendidikan, dan lain – lain akan memiliki pengahasilan yang tetap dengan bekerja di bisnis skala kecil. Maka dari itu, bisnis skala kecil merupakan faktor penting bagi stabilitas perekonomian di Indonesia.
Hufra Nufikasira (90100119024)
Authors: Nufikasira Hufra
Published: October 2021

Pengertian Zakat, sejarah zakat
Microbiome mediated tolerance to biotic stressors: a case study of the interaction between a toxic cyanobacterium and an oomycete-like infection in Daphnia magna
Authors: Houwenhuyse Shira , Bulteel Lore , Vanoverberghe Isabel , Krzynowek Anna , Goel Naina , Coone Manon , Van den Wyngaert Silke , Sinnesael Arne , Stoks Robby , Decaestecker Ellen
Published: October 2021

Organisms are increasingly facing multiple, potentially interacting stressors in natural populations. The ability of populations coping with combined stressors depends on their tolerance to individual stressors and how stressors interact, which may not be correctly captured in controlled laboratory settings. One largely unexplored reason for this is that the microbial communities in laboratory settings often differ from the natural environment, which could result in different stressor responses and interaction patterns. In this study, we investigated the impact of single and combined exposure to a toxic cyanobacterium and an oomycete-like parasite on the performance of three Daphnia magna genotypes. Daphnia individuals were first sterilized and then experimentally given a natural or a laboratory-derived microbial inoculum. Survival, reproduction and body size were monitored for three weeks and gut microbiomes were sampled and characterized at the end of the experiment. Our study confirmed that natural and laboratory microbial inocula and gut microbiomes are differently structured with natural microbiomes being more diverse than laboratory microbiomes. Our results showed that exposure to the stressors reduced D. magna performance compared to the control. An antagonistic interaction between the two biotic stressors was revealed with respect to D. magna survival, when Daphnia individuals were exposed to the laboratory microbial inoculum. This effect was consistent across all three genotypes. In Daphnia exposed to a natural microbial inoculum this antagonistic interaction could not be detected and the genotype x exposure interaction was genotype dependent. Our results indicate that host-stressor interactions depend on the microbial inoculum and that the gut microbiome has potentially a strong role in this, thereby providing an unexplored dimension to multiple-stressor research.
The Evolution of National Spatial Data Infrastructure in Pakistan - Implementation Challenges and the Way Forward
Authors: Ali Asmat
Published: October 2021

Geospatial data are produced by several organizations located at various places, and that is clearly a distributed environment. Many technical and institutional issues need to be resolved to share data in such an environment and to eventually enable regional development. For this matter, many countries implement Spatial Data Infrastructures (SDIs) for the last 40 years. Since 2010, also Pakistan is striving to implement an SDI at the national level (NSDI). However, so far, the promised benefits have not yet been achieved. This study explores the evolution of the NSDI in Pakistan from 2010 till 2020 to reveal what kind of challenges the country is facing. Given the importance of stakeholders' support for the implementation of SDIs, we conducted a stakeholder analysis and a dedicated survey. We adopted the power-interest grid method to classify stakeholders' interests based on their authority to influence the NSDI development. Among other, the results show that stakeholders’ low participation due to insufficient technological, financial, and human resources impedes NSDI implementation efforts in the country.
Different language modalities, yet similar cognitive processes in arithmetic fact retrieval
Authors: Berteletti Ilaria , Kimbley Sarah E. , Sullivan SaraBeth , Quandt Lorna C , Miyakoshi Makoto
Published: October 2021

Does experience with signed language impact the neurocognitive processes recruited by adults solving arithmetic problems? We use event-related potentials (ERPs) to identify the components that are modulated by operation type and problem size in Deaf American Sign Language (ASL) native signers and in hearing English-speaking participants. Participants were presented with single-digit subtraction and multiplication problems in a delayed verification task. Problem size was manipulated in small and large problems with an additional extra-large subtraction condition to equate the overall magnitude of large multiplication problems. Results show comparable behavioral results and similar ERP dissociations across groups. First, an early operation type effect is observed around 200ms post problem onset, suggesting that both groups have a similar attentional differentiation for processing subtraction and multiplication problems. Second, for the posterior-occipital component between 240ms and 300ms, subtraction problems show a similar modulation with problem size in both groups suggesting that only subtraction problems recruit quantity-related processes. Control analyses exclude possible perceptual and cross-operation magnitude-related effects. These results are the first evidence that the two operation types rely on distinct cognitive processes within the ASL native signing population and that they are equivalent to those observed in the English-speaking population.
PADI: AUDIT ENERGI UNTUK SEMUA AKTIVITAS BUDIDAYA
Authors: Lubis Muhammad Iqbal Abdi , Putri Renny Eka , Andasuryani Andasuryani
Published: October 2021

Berdasarkan data BPS (2018) jumlah penduduk Indonesia dengan usia > 15 tahun sebanyak 35.923.886 orang bekerja pada sektor pertanian di Tahun 2017 yang setara dengan 29,68% dari jumlah seluruh penduduk Indonesia pada tahun 2018. Hal ini dapat mengidikasikan bahwa sektor pertanian masih masuk ke dalam salah satu kelompok sumber mata pencaharian tertinggi di Indonesia. Salah satu komoditi dari sektor pertanian yang ada di Indonesia adalah padi. Padi merupakan salah satu tanaman pangan pokok bagi manusia, khususnya di Indonesia. Hampir seluruh daerah di Indonesia menitik-beratkan sumber asupan karbohidrat pada tanaman serealia ini. Hal ini selaras dengan pernyataan yang menyatakan bahwa hampir seluruh penduduk dunia bergantung pada tanaman padi sebagai bahan pangan utama (Lim et al., 2012), khususnya untuk daerah Asia (Chaicana et al., 2008)
Agricultural cooperatives in Europe: importance for rural development, government support
Authors:   Russian State Agrarian Correspondence University, Scientific Center for the Study of Rural Problems, Balashikha of Moscow region, Russia, Golovina Svetlana G. , Rudoy Evgeniy V. ,   Russian State Agrarian Correspondence University, Scientific Center for the Study of Rural Problems, Balashikha of Moscow region, Russia, Smirnova Lidiya N. ,   Kurgan State Agricultural Academy named after T.S. Maltsev, Kurgan, Russia
Published: October 2021

The article presents the main research results on the peculiarities of the functioning of agricultural cooperatives and the practices of state regulation of their activities in the countries of the European Union. The high importance of agricultural cooperatives is justified, first of all, by their multifunctionality, and, consequently, by their contribution both to the development of the agricultural economy and to the stability of rural areas. The main trends in the development of agricultural cooperation in Europe are: (1) the enlargement of the cooperative business; (2) the development of vertical integration along the technological chain, (3) all kinds of organizational innovations to expand financial opportunities, (4) strengthening competitiveness through the growth of the scale of activities and all kinds of innovations, (5) socialization of cooperative activities in order to improve the living conditions of rural communities. The specificity of state support for European agricultural cooperatives lies in expanding the range of mechanisms and instruments used by the state, providing financial assistance mainly to small regional cooperatives (performing functions important for rural areas), taking into account the possibilities of cooperative activities under extraordinary conditions (such as the COVID-19 pandemic or emerging natural cataclysms).
Integrated agro-industrial park as a promising model for the development of agriculture in Africa
Authors:   Institute of Africa of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Center for the Study of Problems of the Transition Economy, Moscow, Russia, Gavrilova Nina G. , Mukhametzyanov Rafail R. ,   Russian State Agrarian University – MSKhA named after K.A. Timiryazev, Moscow, Russia
Published: October 2021

Integrated agro-industrial parks (IAIP) – is a new economic model, driven by the need to facilitate modernization and advancement of agriculture and to help developing countries carry out the structural transformation of the industry and commercialize it. In Africa, the first country to start implementing IAIP was Ethiopia, which already had experience at that time in the construction of industrial parks specializing in the production of manufactured goods. Ethiopia faces problems common in Africa’s agriculture: unequal incomes of rural and urban residents, high unemployment and poverty, low food security, underdeveloped agricultural infrastructure, limited opportunities for small farmers to centrally and profitably deliver their products with minimal losses, etc. All these problems can be solved through the introduction of IAIP. Ethiopia has also set itself the goal of competing in the increasingly globalized agribusiness market and needs to provide an enabling environment for the establishment and growth of agribusiness firms. In 2016, the country hosted the first International Agro-Industry Investment Forum, where investment projects of 4 startups were presented. Three of them were opened in February, March and May 2021 and focused on the production, sorting, processing, acquiring and other activities related to adding value to agricultural raw materials. The goals of creating IAIPs were not only to increase the production of agricultural products and enhance food security, but also to expand the volume and range of exported products, as well as to increase the production of agricultural products with added value. Several other African countries were inspired by the example of Ethiopia, and now the discussion of the possibility of establishing an IAIP is underway as part of the creation of a common agro-industrial park in Zambia and Zimbabwe.
Clinical Evaluation of Antihyperglycemic Activity of Metformin in Treatment of Insulin Sensitivity in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A double Blind Placebo-Controlled Study
Authors: Casarini Eric , Soyinka Ian , Vonkeff Clara
Published: October 2021

Polycystic ovary syndrome is the most common endocrinological disorder affecting 4–12% of women and also the most controversial. Metformin was logically introduced to establish the extent to which hyperinsulinaemia influences the pathogenesis of the condition. Early studies were very encouraging. Randomized controlled studies and several metaanalyses have changed the picture and put the drug that was once heralded as magic in a much contracted place. Metformin is one of the longest established oral insulin sensitising agents. For decades its use was restricted to management of type 2 diabetes. However, in the past two decades, its properties as an insulin sensitising agent have been explored in relation to its applicability for women with PCOS. Metformin is an effective ovulation induction agent for non-obese women with PCOS and offers some advantages over other first line treatments for anovulatory infertility such as clomiphene. For clomiphene-resistant women, metformin alone or in combination with clomiphene is an effective next step. Women with PCOS undergoing in vitro fertilisation should be offered metformin to reduce their risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. Limited evidence suggests that metformin may be a suitable alternative to the oral contraceptive pill (OCP) for treating hyperandrogenic symptoms of PCOS including hirsutism and acne. More research is required to define whether metformin has a role in improving long term health outcomes for women with PCOS, including the prevention of diabetes, cardiovascular disease and endometrial cancer.
Thyroid Storm: Emergency Care for Thyrotoxicosis
Authors: Hamseley Sam
Published: October 2021

Thyroid hormones affect all organ systems and, in excess, can cause increased metabolic rate, heart rate, ventricle contractility, and gastrointestinal motility as well as muscle and central nervous system excitability. Thyroid storm is the extreme manifestation of thyrotoxicosis with an estimated incidence of 0.20 per 100,000 per year among hospitalized patients in Japan. The mortality of thyroid storm without treatment ranges from 80% to 100%; but with treatment, the mortality rate is between 10% and 50%. The diagnostic strategy for thyroid storm may take into consideration Burch–Wartofsky scoring or Akamizu's diagnostic criteria. Multiple treatment aims need to be addressed in managing thyroid storm effectively. This paper puts together all aspects to be considered for the management of hyperthyroidism and thyroid storm during the acute and emergency phase as well as consideration of special populations.
An Overview of the Hypothalamus: A Review of Hypothalamic–Pituitary Axis and Autoantibody Related Disorders
Authors: Yli-Mattila Tapani , Kenawy El-Refaie , Rozsypal H , Ismail N F , Masić Izet , Bouree Patrice , G Effat Kamal
Published: October 2021

The hypothalamus is a portion of the brain that contains a number of small nuclei with a variety of functions. One of the most important functions of the hypothalamus is to link the nervous system to the endocrine system via the pituitary gland. The hypothalamus is located below the thalamus and is part of the limbic system. In the terminology of neuroanatomy, it forms the ventral part of the diencephalon. All vertebrate brains contain a hypothalamus. In humans, it is the size of an almond. The hypothalamus is responsible for the regulation of certain metabolic processes and other activities of the autonomic nervous system. It synthesizes and secretes certain neurohormones, called releasing hormones or hypothalamic hormones, and these in turn stimulate or inhibit the secretion of hormones from the pituitary gland.
Soft Skills for a Successful Engineering Graduate Career
Authors: Isaev A. P. , Plotnikov L. V.
Published: October 2021

This article focuses on soft skills that are needed for young engineers starting their professional careers. The objectives of the study were: 1) to determine soft skills of young engineers that are most in demand among employers; 2) to assess the importance of soft skills for the successful start of the graduates’ professional career; 3) to determine the necessary conditions for soft skills development in the engineering bachelor’s degree educational process. The methods of expert assessment, written survey, oral conversation, decomposition, statistical and structural-logical analysis were used in the study. A review of foreign and domestic studies focusing on the analysis and assessment of soft skills needed in the work of engineering and technical personnel in various fields of activity is made. The results of an empirical study showed which soft skills are assessed by young engineers and heads of industrial enterprises as highly demanded for university graduates’ successful career start. On their basis, an optimal grouping of soft skills was compiled, which meets the requirements of professional training for many types of engineering activities. The authors adduce the results of a comparative analysis of the highlighted soft skills, based on the assessments of their importance made by teachers of engineering disciplines, heads of departments and engineers of industrial enterprises, as well as senior students of engineering bachelor’s degree. It was found that representatives of industrial enterprises, especially managers more highly assess the importance of soft skills for the successful professional activity of graduates of an engineering university in comparison with teachers and students. An explanation of the discrepancies in the obtained assessments of soft skills is proposed. The difficulties and necessary conditions for soft skills development in engineering bachelor degree educational process are determined. The article substantiates the key role of the studentcentered approach to teaching and the corresponding teaching and learning technologies for the successful development of soft skills on the basis of different disciplines, including specialized and practice-oriented ones for the engineering profile. The authors formulate the conclusions about the features of soft skills development, which can be used to improve the university training of engineering personnel.
Professional Doctorates: International Experience and Russian Context
Authors: Bednyi B. I. , Bekova S. K. , Rybakov N. V. , Terentev E. A. , Khodeeva N. A.
Published: October 2021

The diversification of forms and types of doctoral programs is currently a global trend. Universities across the globe offer programs that differ in the modes of training, characteristics of the target audience, and possible labor markets after graduation. In Russia, doctoral education exists in a unified format, focusing primarily on the academic labor market. Recently, there have been discussions about the need to expand the range of programs and the types of academic degrees in Russia. In this article, we present the analysis of professional doctoral programs: in response to what challenges and needs they appeared, how they are implemented, in what forms they exist. In addition, we consider the Russian experience of implementing professional doctoral programs; analyze the existing opportunities and barriers for their development. Based on the analysis, we came to a conclusion about the relevance of the professional doctoral programs’ development in Russia, the expediency of simplifying the conditions for their implementation and legitimizing special requirements for the design of dissertations with an applied orientation.
Numerical investigation on the stability of human upper cervical spine (C1–C3)
Authors: Rahman Waseem Ur , Jiang Wei , Wang Guohua , Li Zhijun
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND: The finite element method (FEM) is an efficient and powerful tool for studying human spine biomechanics. OBJECTIVE: In this study, a detailed asymmetric three-dimensional (3D) finite element (FE) model of the upper cervical spine was developed from the computed tomography (CT) scan data to analyze the effect of ligaments and facet joints on the stability of the upper cervical spine. METHODS: A 3D FE model was validated against data obtained from previously published works, which were performed in vitro and FE analysis of vertebrae under three types of loads, i.e. flexion/extension, axial rotation, and lateral bending. RESULTS: The results show that the range of motion of segment C1–C2 is more flexible than that of segment C2–C3. Moreover, the results from the FE model were used to compute stresses on the ligaments and facet joints of the upper cervical spine during physiological moments. CONCLUSION: The anterior longitudinal ligaments (ALL) and interspinous ligaments (ISL) are found to be the most active ligaments, and the maximum stress distribution is appear on the vertebra C3 superior facet surface under both extension and flexion moments.
Age-Related Cognitive Decline and Prevalence of Mild Cognitive Impairment in the Iwaki Health Promotion Project
Authors: Nakahata Naoko , Nakamura Takumi , Kawarabayashi Takeshi , Seino Yusuke , Ichii Sadanobu , Ikeda Yoshio , Amari Masakuni , Takatama Masamitsu , Murashita Koichi , Ihara Kazunari , Itoh Ken , Nakaji Shigeyuki , Shoji Mikio
Published: October 2021

Background: The Iwaki Health Promotion Project (IHPP) is a community-based study for the prevention of lifestyle-related diseases and improvement of quality of life. Objective: Between 2014 and 2017, a total of 4,442 Iwaki town residents from 19 to 93 years of age participated in annual surveys to clarify the natural course of age-related cognitive decline and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Methods: Modified OLD and SED-11Q questionnaires, MMSE, Logical Memory II, educational history, and APOE genotypes were examined at the first screening. MCI and dementia were diagnosed at the second examination by detailed neurological examination, CDR, and MRI, and followed for 3 years. Spline regression analyses based on a linear mixed model was adopted for statistical analysis. Results: MMSE scores declined with age from 55 to 64 years. There was also interaction between levels of education and ages. At the second examination, 56 MCI and 5 dementia patients were identified. None of the MCI cases progressed to dementia during the 3 years. During follow-up examinations, 13 cases showed improved MMSE scores (0.95 point/year), 5 remained stable, and 7 deteriorated (–0.83 point/year). Five cases showed improved CDR-SOB scores (–0.28 point/year), 9 remained stable, and 6 deteriorated (0.3 point/year). Conclusion: IHPP revealed that age- and education-related cognitive decline began and advanced from 55 years of age. The prevalence of MCI and dementia was estimated to be 5.9%in the Iwaki town cohort over 60 yeas of age. About 30%of MCI cases showed progression of cognitive decline.
Foundational ontologies meet ontology matching: A survey
Authors: Trojahn Cassia , Vieira Renata , Schmidt Daniela , Pease Adam , Guizzardi Giancarlo
Published: October 2021

Ontology matching is a research area aimed at finding ways to make different ontologies interoperable. Solutions to the problem have been proposed from different disciplines, including databases, natural language processing, and machine learning. The role of foundational ontologies for ontology matching is an important one, as they provide a well-founded reference model that can be shared across domains. It is multifaceted and with room for development. This paper presents an overview of the different tasks involved in ontology matching that consider foundational ontologies. We discuss the strengths and weaknesses of existing proposals and highlight the challenges to be addressed in the future.
Occupational physical risk factors and prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders among the traditional lacquerware toy makers of South India
Authors: Hanumegowda Pradeep Kumar , Gnanasekaran Sakthivel , Subramaniam Shankar , Honnappa Adarsh
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND: The majority of handicraft workers in India falls under the informal sector, which plays a prominent role in the employment generation. Artisans in handicraft sectors encounter various hazards and risks causing occupational diseases. OBJECTIVE: The key objective of the study is to identify the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders and occupational risk factors among the artisans involved in making traditional lacquerware toys in Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh, South India. METHODS: The subjects considered in this study are 177 artisans who work in mechanized lathes at Channapatna of Karnataka and Etikoppaka of Andhra Pradesh, South India. The information regarding the reported work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSD) symptoms from 7 days to 12 months are collected through modified Standardized Nordic Questionnaire and by direct observations. Moreover, the intervention of WMSD in their day-to-day life and the overall comfort of their body are also determined. The questionnaire survey is conducted through face-to-face interviews and by direct field study. RESULTS: From the statistical analysis, it is found that about 76.83%of the study population (77.4%male and 74.28%female) has self-reported WMSDs. The prevalence of WMSD is most common in the age group of 30–40 years. Physical factors like workplace adaptability, stress at work, body postures, health status, body mass index, active and enough breaks during work and body condition at the end of work have a significant association with WMSD. CONCLUSION: In this study, many of the work-related and lifestyle/health-related factors show a significant association with WMSD in artisans. The sub-standard working environment and the nature of work expose artisans to many occupational risks in their day-to-day life. To mitigate the occupational risks and musculoskeletal disorders, the workspace needs to be redesigned ergonomically.
The delivery of the ReWork-Stroke program: A process evaluation
Authors: Johansson Ulla , Nilsson Annika Öst , Falkdal Annie Hansen , von Koch Lena , Hellman Therese , Eriksson Gunilla
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND: The ReWork-Stroke program was developed to meet the need for a person-centered rehabilitation program addressing return to work after stroke and was provided by occupational therapists (OTs). OBJECTIVE: To gain knowledge on the implementation process of the ReWork-Stroke program, the mechanisms of impact, and the contextual factors that might have affected the process. METHODS: A case study design was used. Data were collected by interviews with two ReWork-Stroke providers and their logbooks of 13 clients. Content analysis was applied. RESULTS: The ReWork-Stroke program varied in duration (12–48 weeks) and was largely implemented according to plan regarding components and how they were provided. It was mostly delivered at the workplace. Mechanisms of impact were building alliances with clients, providing intervention at the workplace, informing about stroke, assigning co-workers as tutors for clients, and collaboration between stakeholders. CONCLUSIONS: The ReWork-Stroke program can be implemented according to plan and is a flexible person-centered program in which stakeholders, coordinated by an OT, plan and take actions, mostly at the workplace, for the client’s return to work. A key factor was recognizing the current work ability after stroke. Further program development includes a more structured evaluation and technical solutions for supporting stakeholders.
Effects of yoga on stress, fatigue, musculoskeletal pain, and the quality of life among employees of diamond industry: A new approach in employee wellness
Authors: Biman Saranga , Maharana Satyapriya , Metri Kashinath G , Nagaratna R
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND: Diamond industry employees often experience musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, and stress, contributing to a low quality of life (QoL). Yoga is an ancient discipline of mind-body practice Yoga has numerous health benefits. OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the efficacy of workplace yoga in improving stress, musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, and QoL among employees of the diamond industry. METHODS: One-hundred sixty-six employees of the diamond industry between the ages of 20 and 60 participated in the study. Participants were assigned to either yoga (n = 84) or waitlist (n = 82) groups. The yoga group received one hour of yoga, four days a week for three consecutive months. Participants in the waitlist group followed their daily routines. Musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, stress, and QoL were assessed at baseline and after three months. RESULTS: One-hundred fifty-five employees completed the study. The yoga group showed significant (p < 0.05) improvement in pain, perceived stress, fatigue, and QoL domains after three months compared to baseline. The waitlist group showed no significant improvement in any of the measures. In the post scores comparison between the groups revealed a significant difference between the groups. CONCLUSION: Workplace yoga found to be a useful, cost-effective and feasible intervention in improving stress, musculoskeletal pain, fatigues and quality of life among employees of the diamond industry. Yoga may be implemented in the workplace as a wellness program at the workplace.
Isometric push and pull strengths of agricultural workers from Northeast India
Authors: Pongener Sentichuba , Patel Thaneswer , Pal Anubhab , W Temjen
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND: In agricultural farming operations, the incompatibility between operators’ physical capability and labor demands in the operation of tools and equipment results in a decreased performance, productivity, and safety related measures. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to collect a biomechanical database of push/pull strengths for initiating the development of a human-centered design of equipment that is not available for the intended user group, i.e. Nagaland. METHODS: The sample consisted of 399 male and 271 female agricultural workers from the five districts of Nagaland, aged 18 to 65 years, classified into three age groups. In the process of push and pull force measurements, the elbow angle of the participants were set to 30–120°, 120–130°, and 130–180°. All tests were performed in triplicates with a resting period of two minutes between every consequent recording. RESULTS: The results showed that isometric push and pull strength values (Mean±SD) for males were 18.91±4.67 kg and 17.98±3.97 kg respectively and 13.07±4.06 kg and 11.98±3.33 kg for females respectively. The results of independent samples from student’s t-test demonstrate that there was a substantial variance in the isometric push and pull strength values (p < 0.05) between the genders across the various age spectrum. CONCLUSIONS: With ageing, muscular strength for push-pull strength in males and females reduce. The study reports that the recommended value of male and female isometric push-pull strength for agricultural workers of Nagaland should be 5th percentile of female data i.e. 6.40 and 1.71 kg respectively.
INFLUENCE OF REHABILITATION MEASURES ON THE QUALITY AND FULL-VALUE OF THE LIFE OF PATIENTS WITH LOWER LIMB PROSTHESES
Authors: Intelehator Danylo , Khudetsky Igor , Anotova-Rafi Yulia
Published: October 2021

Quality and value of life are often recognized as an important indicator for assessing the effectiveness of rehabilitation measures for people with amputation defects of the lower extremities. However, although the topic itself is quite relevant and important, the number of studies that would be devoted to the multiplicity of these factors that directly affect this issue is still quite limited. Such assessments are becoming more and more necessary every year to demonstrate the changes associated with surgical intervention in the anatomical integrity of the human body and the consequences that inevitably occur over time. According to statistics, more than 10,000 amputations are performed in various segments in Ukraine. Analysis of the reasons why people need this operation revealed that most of them (75%) are performed in connection with cardiovascular disease, and more precisely: diabetes, chronic ischemia of the lower extremities, atherosclerosis and endarteritis obliterans. Such grounds for amputation are typical for middle-aged and elderly people. That is why the rehabilitation of these categories of patients after amputation of the lower extremities is determined by significant locomotor disorders that limit a person's independent movement, self-care, posture disorders, reduced body tolerance to exercise and, consequently, severe limitation of life. Rehabilitation measures for this contingent of persons should be evaluated in terms of social and moral benefits, both for the person with amputation and for people close to him and others. Timely and effective physical rehabilitation also provides significant economic benefits, as it frees up significant costs of resources for the care of special staff, as well as relatives, often forced to leave their professional activities due to the need to care for a loved one. In order to assess the quality of life of patients with lower limb amputation and the impact of rehabilitation measures on these indicators, a study of 32 patients was observed in the rehabilitation center on the basis of the Kyiv State Experimental Prosthetic and Orthopedic Enterprise. In addition to the SF-36 functional assessment questionnaire, the developed Prosthesis Movement Index was tested. The results showed that an individual approach to the rehabilitation process is more effective than working on a typical program without changes in it, as well as the possible convenience of using the index of walking on a prosthesis to assess the effectiveness of mastering the lower limb prosthesis by the patient.
THE EFFECT OF SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC WITH AUB IN PERIMENOPAUSE
Authors: Jamwal Ankita , Rao Rohini
Published: October 2021

Background: The effect of socio-demographic on AUB in perimenopause.

Methods: Prospective interventional study conducted at Kamla Nehru Hospital for State Mother and Child, IGMC Shimla.

Results: In the present study according to the modified kuppuswamy socioeconomic scale  AUB was found maximum in women belonging to lower middle class i.e 93 (40.6%) with confidence interval of 34.19-47.95% followed by upper lower class i.e 90 (39.3%) with confidence interval of 32.93-45.95% and least in upper class i.e 7 (3.05%) with confidence interval of 1.24-6.20%.

Conclusion: In summary, abnormal uterine bleeding in perimenopausal patients is a common and important part of clinical practice for health-care providers of women.

Keywords: AUB, SES, Bleeding
THE MENSTRUAL PATTERN OF AUB IN PERIMENOPAUSE
Authors: Jamwal Ankita , Rao Rohini
Published: October 2021

Background: The Menstrual pattern of AUB in perimenopause.

Methods: Prospective interventional study conducted at Kamla Nehru Hospital for State Mother and Child, IGMC Shimla.

Results: Menorrhagia was the most common presentation of AUB patients accounting for 65.5% of cases with confidence interval of 58.96-71.64% followed by continuous bleeding per vagina(BPV) accounting for 17.9% with confidence interval of 13.17-23.49% with the least being oligomenorrhea 0.87% with confidence interval of 0.11-3.12%.

Conclusion: Abnormal uterine bleeding in perimenopausal patients is a common and important part of clinical practice for health-care providers of women.

Keywords: AUB, Menstrual pattern, Bleeding
O paisagismo aliado ao cotidiano urbano: descobrindo a paisagem sonora natural
Authors: Silveira Maria Letícia
Published: October 2021

O artigo apresentado investiga a influência exercida pelo paisagismo na vida urbana e propõe sua presença, aliado à sustentabilidade, na conexão entre cidade e natureza. Considerando a “paisagem sonora natural”, a pesquisa estuda o cotidiano contemporâneo, composto por uma geração que valoriza a sustentabilidade e busca a retomada do contato com a natureza, resultando em melhorias no seu bem-estar emocional, social e acadêmico. O problema discutido refere-se à aplicação do paisagismo nos espaços públicos de Belo Horizonte, tendo o objetivo geral de entender como o ambiente natural afeta o usuário – em aspectos físicos e emocionais. Para tanto, foram realizadas pesquisas bibliográficas acerca dos assuntos de paisagem sonora natural, paisagismo e a relação entre a natureza e a saúde humana, além de estudos de casos relacionados à pesquisa. Concluiu-se que o paisagismo é de vital importância em grandes centros urbanos e, em uma cidade como Belo Horizonte, deve ser planejado visando o bem-estar de toda a população.
The Sandhill Crane State: A Naturalist’s Guide to Nebraska
Authors: Johnsgard Paul
Published: October 2021

This book includes the locations, descriptions, and points of biological, historical, geological, or paleontological interest of nearly 350 sites in Nebraska, most of which are free to access. Its 53,000 words include accounts of 9 state historical parks, 8 state parks, 2 national forests, 2 national monuments, and 7 national wildlife refuges as well as 181 wildlife management areas, 56 waterfowl production areas, and 54 state recreation areas. It also includes 48 state and county maps, 18 drawings, 33 photographs, and nearly 200 literature citations.
Hypertension as an atypical presentation of unilateral ureteral obstruction
Authors:   Department of Pediatrics, Hospital de Santarém, Santarém, Portugal, Mantas Pedro , Baptista Rute ,   Nephrology Unit, Hospital Dona Estefânia, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central, Lisboa, Portugal, Santos Raquel ,   Nephrology Unit, Hospital Dona Estefânia, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central, Lisboa, Portugal, Serrão Ana ,   Nephrology Unit, Hospital Dona Estefânia, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central, Lisboa, Portugal
Published: October 2021

Ureteral obstruction (ureteropelvic or ureterovesical junction obstruction) is frequently diagnosed during the workup investigation of an asymptomatic infant or child with upper urinary tract dilatation, commonly identified in a prenatal ultrasound. In older children, recurrent lumbar pain is a red flag for ureteral obstruction. Although less frequent, hypertension may be the initial and only manifestation of ureteral obstruction. The authors present two pediatric cases of unilateral ureteral obstruction with hypertension, in which the surgical treatment of the obstruction leads to blood pressure normalisation. In all pediatric age groups, a systematic investigation for secondary causes of hyperten‑ sion is of paramount importance. In some cases, especially those of an obstructive nature, early surgical management can be curative, with normalization of blood pressure levels and prevention of renal injury.
Alagille Syndrome: An ultrafiltration dilemma
Authors:   Nephrology Department, Setubal Hospital Center, Setubal, Portugal, Abrantes Catarina , Furtado Teresa ,   Nephrology Department, Setubal Hospital Center, Setubal, Portugal, Domingues Patrícia ,   Nephrology Department, Setubal Hospital Center, Setubal, Portugal, Valério Patrícia ,   Nephrology Department, Setubal Hospital Center, Setubal, Portugal, Felgueiras Joana ,   Nephrology Department, Setubal Hospital Center, Setubal, Portugal, Assunção José ,   Nephrology Department, Setubal Hospital Center, Setubal, Portugal, Vaz Álvaro ,   Nephrology Department, Setubal Hospital Center, Setubal, Portugal
Published: October 2021

Alagille syndrome (AGLS) is a rare genetic disorder caused by mutations in the Notch signaling pathway. Multiple organ dysfunction is frequent despite phenotypic variability. We report the case of an AGLS patient with right heart failure and persistent fluid overload who started peritoneal ultrafiltration, without initial benefit. Possible pathophysiological mechanisms related to the underlying genetic condition, namely vascular abnormalities, that could help explain the poor ultrafiltration are provided, while other ultrafiltration failure causes are briefly discussed. New evidence is necessary for a better understanding of this syndrome in PD modality.
Measuring Vocabulary Knowledge of English as a Foreign Language among Undergraduate Jordanian Students
Authors: Al-Momani Abdullah
Published: October 2021

This study aimed at measuring the size of vocabulary knowledge of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) among undergraduate Jordanian students at different Jordanian universities. For this purpose, research questions were presented and the answers to these questions were provided and discussed. The participants of this study consisted of 39 undergraduate Jordanian students. A vocabulary test was used by the researcher to investigate the vocabulary storage of undergraduate Jordanian students. The results of the study indicated that the vocabulary size of Jordanian undergraduate students is fairly high. This is particularly true with the first few thousand-word list: 2000 and 3000-word list. However, for the 5000-word list, 10000-word list, university students have a lack of vocabulary storage which normally resulted in many difficulties in English language skills.
A Comparative Study of Love in Emerson’s Essays and Attar’s The Conference of the Birds
Authors: Golab Golshan , Anoosheh Sayed Mohammad , Jahantigh Hossein
Published: October 2021

Love has always shone as one of the major themes in literature. A great number of writers and poets have enriched their works with it and created memorable stories. However, not many have delved into the very nature of love itself to see what it really is and where it comes from. Hence, the present essay aims to stay away from the typical analysis of love and will instead focus solely on the nature of this immeasurable force through a comparative view on Emerson and Attar’s thoughts on the concept. To gain an understanding of their spiritual thoughts, the research focuses on comparing and contrasting Emerson’s essays with Attar’s The Conference of the Birds. The study is descriptive-analytical in nature and follows the American school of comparative literature. Through the analysis it is revealed that the two literary figures share many similar thoughts. To both of them beauty and love are considered the source of the universe. Furthermore, in their views true love leads to self-knowledge. The difference between the two is shown to be that Emerson has a more humanistic approach towards love, whereas Attar has a more mystically divine one. In the end, Attar’s influence on Emerson is identified as well.
Analysis of the Chinese-English Translation of Public Signs: A Functional Theory Perspective
Authors: Amenador Kate Benedicta , Wang Zhiwei
Published: October 2021

To achieve an internationally friendly community by interacting better with the foreign nationals in its territory and improving its image in the international world, China has since 2004 made a purported effort to translate and standardize the public signs, which are notices meant for public consumption located at public places or institutions in its domain. However, it has been observed from the bilingual translation of these public signs that, there still exist some translation problems. Therefore, the author of this study after an in-depth discussion of the core concepts of the functional theory and its principles of translation, analyzed the first-hand photos of bilingual public sign and text samples obtained at vantage places utilize by foreigners. Critical observation and analysis of the samples were conducted to find out problems associated with the translated public signs in one of the oldest historical towns in China with various pictorial examples as evidences to buttress the findings and finally suggested the way forward to having Chinese- English(C- E) translation of public signs devoid of errors. The identification of these translation errors would help translators in China to pay more attention during the translation process of C-E public sign in order to lift high the image of China in the international world through the production of quality and meaningful C-E pblic signs in China. This study would also contribute a country-specific knowledge regarding the translation of public signs to the field of study as it will serve as a reference literature to other scholars.