bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS VARIASI PERENDAMAN SPENT CATALYST RCC (LIMBAH PERTAMINA) SEBAGAI FILLER PADA CAMPURAN ASPAL PANAS AC-WC
Authors: Arsyad Rudi
Published: July 2020

This research tries to use an RCC (Residium Catalytic Cracking) Pertamina waste filler from the oil process in Balikpapan which is expected to increase the resistance of asphalt concrete pavements to damage caused by weather and traffic. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of the duration of immersion on the characteristics of hot asphalt mixtures (AC-WC) using Spent Catalyst RCC (Pertamina waste) as a filler. The method used is the Marshall characteristic test with a variation of immersion 2 days, 4 days, 7 days, and 11 days. The results showed that the use of an RCC (Residium Catalytic Cracking) Pertamina waste would affect the asphalt concrete mixture. Asphalt concrete mixture has decreased strength along with the duration of immersion. Longer immersion causes the value of stability to decrease. Soaking stability values within 30 minutes obtained 1,684.27 kg. The immersion stability value within 2 days was reduced to 1,420.09 kgPenelitian ini mencoba menggunakan sebuah filler limbah pertamina RCC (Residium Catalytic Cracking) dari proses minyak di Balikpapan yang diharapkan meningkatkan ketahanan trotoar beton aspal terhadap kerusakan yang disebabkan oleh cuaca dan lalu lintas. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh durasi perendaman terhadap karakteristik campuran aspal panas (AC-WC) yang menggunakan Spent Catalyst RCC (limbah pertamina) sebagai filler. Metode yang digunakan yaitu uji karakteristik Marshall dengan variasi perendaman 2 hari, 4 hari, 7 hari, dan 11 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan sebuah limbah pertamina RCC (Residium Catalytic Cracking) akan mempengaruhi campuran beton aspal. Campuran beton aspal mengalami penurunan kekuatan seiring dengan lamanya durasi perendaman. Perendaman yang lebih lama menyebabkan nilai stabilitas berkurang. Nilai stabilitas perendaman dalam waktu 30 menit diperoleh 1.684,27 kg. Nilai stabilitas perendaman dalam waktu 2 hari berkurang ke 1.420,09 kg
PENGARUH WINDOW TO WALL RATIO TERHADAP KENYAMANAN FISIOLOGIS DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN CFD ANSYS 14.0
Authors: Rahmayanti Rahmayanti
Published: July 2020

The use of air conditioning energy (AC) as an effort to remove heat in buildings reaches 30% of the total energy needed in the building. To reduce the use of energy in buildings by using natural ventilation because the system does not use mechanics. Field research has been carried out with the result that the openings at Balai Padang are unable to make occupants' comfort. Therefore, the existing openings will be given treatment by wider the existing openings which are 20%, 30%, and 40%. This study purpose to investigate the effect of WWR on histologic comfort. The numerical methodology is based on the solution of the Navier-Stokes equations, using K-epsilon RNG. Numerical results are validated with available field measurement data. The results obtained that by increasing the percentage of openings, the wind speed is also highPenggunaan energi air conditioning (AC) sebagai upaya penghapus panas di dalam bangunan mencapai 30% dari total energi yang dibutuhkan di dalam bangunan. Upaya yang dilakukan untuk mengurangi penggunaan energi di dalam bangunan yakni dengan menggunakan penghawaan alami sebagai penghapus panas karena sistemnya yang tidak menggunakan mekanis. Penelitian lapangan telah dilakukan dengan hasil bahwa bukaan yang ada di Balai Padang tidak mampu mencukupi kebutuhan kecepatan angin yang diperlukan untuk mendinginkan fisiologis penghuni. Oleh karena itu, bukaan yang ada akan diberikan perlakuan dengan memperbesar bukaan yang ada yakni 20%, 30% dan 40%. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek dari WWR terhadap kenyamanan fisiologis penghuni.  Metode yang digunakan adalah eksperimental dengan menggunakan bantuan software CFD (computational Fluid Dimension) berdasarkan persamaan Navier-Stoke, menggunakan K-Epsilon RNG. Eksperimen dilakukan dengan validasi hasil pengukuran lapangan. Hasil yang didapatkan bahwa dengan menambah prosentase bukaan, kecepatan angin juga semakin besar.
Positive Rational Number of the Form (Equation)
Authors: Li Hongjian , Yuan Pingzhi , Bai Hairong
Published: July 2020

Let (Equation) and (Equation) be positive integers with (Equation) . In this paper, we show that every positive rational number can be written as the form (Equation) , where m,n∈N if and only if (Equation) or (Equation) . Moreover, if (Equation) , then the proper representation of such representation is unique.
Effective and Simple Methods of Preventing the Transmission of Viral Diseases
Authors: Taqaddas A.
Published: July 2020

Viral infections have always been of major concern in communities, health care settings and medical fields including radiotherapy and Radiology. Recently corona virus infection has attained global attention in the wake of covid-19 outbreak and consequently highlighted importance of viral prevention, diagnostic and therapeutic strategies to control and treat viral disease. In view of the recent events, the author reviewed the current and past literature to discuss contagious versus infectious viral transmission, as well as simple and effective ways of preventing the spread of viral diseases in community and health care setting so that this information can be used for preventing viral transmission at all levels. The article is written for a wide variety of audiences i.e. scientific and medical communities policy makers and general public.
Web-Based Employee Recruitment Management System In Pt. Tropic Abadi
Authors: Haryanto Haryanto , Putra Yudha Surya , Natasyah Nabillah
Published: July 2020

In a company, back and forth is largely determined by employees accompanied by increasing technology and science in all fields taking place so rapidly. Similarly, the HRD division at PT. Tropic Abadi when managing employee recruitment activities. Employee recruitment management system that runs at PT. Tropic Abadi is currently not running optimally, namely: through an online recruitment website as a medium to provide a bridge of communication regarding job vacancy information, where the process is less practical and adequate. So that management systems are needed in order to be able to do the process of managing employee recruitment to be faster, more precise, effective, and efficient. This research uses a research methodology that is structured system management through UML (Unified Modeling Language) and the final results achieved from writing this scientific journal are by implementing a web-based system for PT. Tropic Abadi in solving these problems, ranging from the speed of information provided and an easily managed database system.
Design Of Property Sales Information System PT.Quality Property Indonesia
Authors: Sudarto Ferry , Mulyati Mulyati , Harahap Eka Purnama , Nurul Fira Arbaimaniar
Published: July 2020

In the property business, this company can help provide a place for long-term business and investment. In this discussion the property sales system used is to use SWOT, so that it can help stakeholders in make decisions. In this case the author uses several methods including research methods, analysis methods, design methods, testing methods. Where the research methods in the form of observation, interviews, literature studies. The analysis method which uses SWOT analysis. The design method uses a design model using UML (Unified modeling language), PHP a database using MYSQL, and browser using Google Chrome. The testing method uses a blackbox. In this case the researchers have several objectives in conducting research in this thesis including To facilitate marketing to market property products sold by entering the list of properties to be sold, To help the process of buying and selling transactions quickly, precisely, and safely, To help process sales reports . Then the results customer will easily find the property to be purchased, Easing the burden on admin staff in the process of buying and selling property, Can speed up sales reports and can reduce errors in recording reports.

 

Keywords: Sales, SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats), MYSQL.
A Review on Botswana Coal Potential from a Pyrolysis and Gasification Perspective
Authors: Makoba Mmoloki , Botha Daniel Erich , Rapoo Mpho Thabang , Szabó László Zsolt , Shomana Thapelo , Agachi Paul Serban , Muzenda Edison
Published: July 2020

Coal pyrolysis and gasification are promising options for the future of Botswana as the country has large coal reserves with severe limitations in terms of export options. Coal characterization facilities will be required in order to harness its full potential and methods such as proximate, ultimate and chemical structure analysis (FTIR, Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction techniques) were investigated. The paper presents a brief history of pyrolysis and gasification, typical types of the reactors as well as factors that influence product selection for Botswana coal. Coal pyrolysis and gasification are complex processes and it is difficult to define the mechanisms of product formation. However, there are several kinetic models that are relevant to the sub-bituminous coal of Botswana which were proposed by researchers to describe the formation of the compounds and mathematical models that were validated by other researchers on mass and heat transfer as also presented herein.
Sofralık Üzüm Çeşitlerinde İkinci Ürün (Neferiye) Salkımlarının Bazı Genel Karakteristiklerinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: DARDENİZ Alper , GÜNDOĞDU Mehmet Ali , ŞAHİN Esra , ALİ Baboo
Published: July 2020

Bu araştırma, ‘Çanakkale’ İli ÇOMÜ Dardanos Yerleşkesi ‘Ziraat Fakültesi Çiftliği Bitkisel Üretim ve Araştırma Birimi’ ‘Sofralık Üzüm Çeşitleri Araştırma ve Uygulama Bağı’ içerisinde yer alan ‘Yalova İncisi’, ‘Cardinal’, ‘Amasya Beyazı’ ve ‘Kozak Beyazı’ üzüm çeşitlerinde, ikinci ürün (neferiye) salkımlarının bazı genel karakteristiklerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla 2012, 2013 ve 2015 yıllarında 3 yıl süreyle yürütülmüştür. Üzüm çeşitlerinin ilk (ana) ürün ve ikinci ürün (neferiye) salkımlarının hasatları üzüm çeşitlerinin ticari olgunluk dönemlerinde farklı tarihlerde yapılmış ve bu kapsamda; salkım eni (cm), salkım boyu (cm), salkım sıklığı (1–9), ortalama salkım ağırlığı (g), tane ağırlığı (g), %SÇKM, pH, %asitlik ve olgunluk indisi (%SÇKM/%asitlik) parametreleri incelenerek bazı önemli farklılıkların oluştuğu saptanmıştır. Üzüm çeşitlerinin hepsinde salkım eni, salkım boyu, ortalama salkım ağırlığı ve tane ağırlığına ait en yüksek değerler ilk (ana) ürünlerde tespit edilmiş, en yüksek salkım sıklığı değerleri ise ikinci ürünlerden (neferiye) elde edilmiştir. Yalova İncisi ve Cardinal üzüm çeşitlerinde en yüksek %SÇKM değeri ikinci ürünlerde saptanırken, Kozak Beyazı üzüm çeşidinde ilk (ana) ürünlerde tespit edilmiştir. Cardinal ve Kozak Beyazı üzüm çeşitlerinde ilk (ana) ürünlerin olgunluk indisi değerleri, ikinci ürünlerin (neferiye) olgunluk indisi değerlerine kıyasla önemli düzeyde yüksek bulunmuştur.
Comparing the agronomic performance of soluble and slow release phosphate fertilisers: the experimental basis for RPR recommendations
Authors: Edmeades D.C. , Watkinson J.H. , Perrott K.W. , Sinclair A.G. , Ledcard S.F. , Rajan S.S.S. , Brown M.W. , Roberts A.H. , Thorrold B.T. , Floate M.B.O'Connor M.J.S. , Risk W.H. , Morton J.
Published: July 2020

Recent results from field trials comparing the agronomic effectiveness of water soluble fertilisers (single superphosphate (SSP), triple superphosphate (TSP)) and fertilisers of low water solubility ('slow release', reactivephosphaterock (RPR) fertilisers) are reviewed. It is shown that the pasture production data from the 'National Series' of trials are consistent with, and can be described by, a model for the dissolution of RPR in soil. Applying both the pasture production data and the dissolution model the term 'lag time' associated with 'slow release' RPR is defined and quantified for New Zealand conditions. Results show that on average the rate of release of P from RPR is about 30% within the year of application, 23% in year 2 and progressively less in subsequent years. It follows that when RPR is applied annually, the amount of Preleased annually, from the current application and from the residues of previous annual applications, is 30,53,70,82, 9 1,96% as a fraction of the total P applied annually. Consequently about 3.5 times the amount of RPRP is required to achieve the same yield as soluble P in year 1, about 2 times in year 2 and 1.5 in year 3. The lag time is defined as the time required to accumulate sufficient RPR residues in the soil from applications such that the annual amount of P dissolved from RPR each year is equal to or greater than 90% of the amount of total RPR-P applied annually. The lag time associated with RPR use is about 4-6 years depending on the site. The agronomic performance of RPR based on the National Series data was not associated with soil pH (5.1 to 6.3), annual rainfall (700 to 1800 mm) or soil phosphate retention (13-98%). This probably reflects the narrow range and confounding effects of the soil and climate factors. The experimental basis for the current soil pH and rainfall boundary conditions are briefly discussed. Available evidence suggests that the P dissolved from RPR has the same agronomic effectiveness as P from soluble fertiliscrs. The agronomic implications of these results on P fertilisers of intermediate solubility (i.e. PAPR and Longlife) are discussed in relation to field results. Keywords agronomy, comparison, dissolution, fertilisers, Longlife, PAPR,phosphorus, RPR, slow release, soluble P, single superphosphate, triple superphosphate
Seasonal patterns of pasture production in the Bay of Plenty and Waikato
Authors: Baars J.A. , Goold G.J. , Hawke M.F. , Kilgarriff P.J. , Rolm M.D.
Published: July 2020

Patterns of pasture growth were measured on 3 farms in the Bay of Plenty (BOP) and at No2 Dairy (Ruakura Agricultural Centre) in the Waikato from 1989 to 199 1. A standardised trim technique with cages and 4-weekly cutting under grazing was used. Long-term seasonal growth patterns, using a predictive pasture model, were also simulated. Simulated pasture growth from long-term climatic data shows that pasture growth rates are higher in winter, early spring and late autumn in the BOP than the Waikato. However, the actual measurements over the 2 years show that pasture growth over the latter periods is lower at the BOP sites than at the Waikato site. In the BOP the spring peak is much later than in the Waikato while an early summer peak, with higher growth rates than in the Waikato, occurred in the BOP. No such summer peak was evident in the Waikato. The difference between the two regions is caused by the large contribution of subtropical grasses to sward production in summer and autumn, The prolific summer growth of subtropical grasses may explain the low ryegrass content and low pasture production in winter. The lower than expected autumn, winter, spring production may also becaused by low clover content, possibly a result of competition from subtropical grasses and a sulphur deficiency. The apparent low amount of nitrogen fixed by clover may explain the low rates of pasture production over the cooler season. Applications of nitrogen fertiliser may substantially increase dry matter production from April to September. Keywords pasture,simulation,subtropical grasses, Paspalum, Digitaria sanguinalis, growth rates
Resident ryegrass in hill country pastures
Authors: Wedderfsurn M.E. , Pengelly W.J.
Published: July 2020

The attributes of 1800 ryegrass plants removed from North Island hill country aredescribed and the implications for oversowing discussed. Morphology was varied but the mean of the population was prostrate and densely tillered, resulting in dense pastures under intensive grazing. Although morphology was not related to the site of plant origin, agronomic response to low nitrogen and moisture stress was. Plants from north-facing steep areas responded least to application of nitrogen or water indicating a low relative growth rate. A probable survival mechanism for moisture-stressed plants is reduced vegetative growth and increased seed set. Response to moisture stress was found to be heritable. In moderate-high fertility steep sites total ryegrass production has not increased after oversowing new cultivars. It is assumed that this is a reflection of the number of niches available for ryegrass exploitation. Our studies show that the strength of existing ryegrass is its genetic diversity and its ability to exploit the various niches present in hill country. The growth and expansion of these ryegfass populations should be actively encouraged. In niches below the optimum for rycgrass growth new species should be introduced. Keywords hill country, perennial ryegrass, morphology, stress, genetics, oversowing, management
A perspective on our industry - Waitangi Fellowship Report
Authors: Campbell Robin
Published: July 2020

The management practices in common use in the sheep industries of UK and New Zealand have few similarities, This is the inevitable result of the widely different political. climatic and financial influences the two industries experience. New Zealand products enjoy a favonrableresponse from British consumers. They are considered to be quality items and generally look well in the markets. Our markets are well established and while we would allacknowledgeimpetfections,therearenow more important issues than philosophy and structure. Returns to the producer is the paramount problem in the New Zealand sheep industry. A long term approach to that issue may demand considerable investment in the market place, delaying the flow of the entire amount of increased return back to farmers. The New Zealand farmer is a more innovative and adaptable character than his British counterpart. At least part of this is due to the volumes of regulations and restrictions that plague British farmers. Herein lies an asset that we should exploit to maintain a competitive edge. Keywords New Zealand, sheep industry,United Kingdom
Risk considerations and Southland farmers
Authors: Piitaway S.F. , Lnewman D. , Anderson G.A. , Saunders L.S.
Published: July 2020

Results from a recent survey suggest that Southland farmers perceive their farm businesses as being risky, and that this risk has increased significantly over the past decade. More importantly, they perceive that their ability to control these risk factors is limited. It may be argued that a number of potential risk amelioration strategies will not be considered by the majority of farmers as these strategies conflict with some important non-economic farming goals. As a result, any policy initiative which is designed to reduce or limit the risks faced by farmers should be based on a sound understanding of the likely reactions of those farmers. Keywords agricultural risk, risk, risk perceptions, Southland farmers, agricultural policy
A focus on the future of intensive sheep farming
Authors: Rohloff Murray
Published: July 2020

Some of the problems for the New Zealand sheep industry over the next decade are outlined, as are the changes necessary to overcome them. The future for the next generation of intensive sheep farmers should be promising if they can co-operate to realise the potential of genetics for flock improvement, be adaptable, overcome the problems of drench resistance and chemical and drug residues, increase profitability. and grasp the fact that sheep farming may not mean land ownership, There will always be a sheep industry, but not necessarily as we know it now. Keywords animal health, genetic improvement, profitability, sheep industry, sheep farming
Resource Management Act 1991: Its impact upon the rural scene
Authors: New E.
Published: July 2020

The purpose of the Resource Management Act (RMA) is to promote the sustainable management of natural and physical resources and is primarily concerned with the effects of activities. Regional Councils may impose their will upon the management of natural and physical resources. Farmers adjacent to coastlines, rivers and streams may see many impacts as public access is enhanced. Landscape values must be protected and these can impinge upon rural working, productive environments. The degree to which the rural sector is affected will be determined by its input and the strictures in Regional policy statements and District plans. Keywords sustainable management, activities, effects, public participation
Establishment of new pastures free of ryegrass contamination
Authors: Hume D.E. , Lyons T.B.
Published: July 2020

Various pre-sowing management systems were applied from spring to early autumn, before drilling a new 'lolitrem-free' perennial ryegrass. These treatments aimed to evaluate the level of contamination over a range of ryegrass natural reseeding levels. Strips in the plots were left unsown or sown in prairie grass in order to assess the levels of natural reseeding. A late hay crop resulted in the largest contamination (27%) of the establishing pasture. Lax grazing and spring barley (pasture direct drilled in autumn) resulted in approximately 3.5% contamination. Silage and early hay crops harvested before mid-December controlled most ryegrass seedheads, but further seedheads developed during summer. Control of seedheads in these treatments and the hard grazing treatment was difficult to achieve by grazing. A summer fallow, using a double spray with glyphosate (spray/fallow), successfully killed all existing vegetative plants and prevented natural reseeding, but seed present in the soil germinated to produce seedlings in autumn. Contamination levels in hay, silage, hard grazing, and spray/fallow treatments were 0.9%. Although the reseeding levels in this trial were generally very low, when comparisons are made with other data, every effort should be made to minimise seedhead development and ripening of seed during spring/summer. Keywords Acremonium lolii, grazing,Lolium perenne, natural reseeding, pasture establishment
Deer production from ryegrass- and tall fescue-based pastures
Authors: Stevens D.R. , Drew K. , Laas F. , Turner J.D.
Published: July 2020

The development of a Appellation Marketing Strategy by the New Zealand Game Industry Board will change the requirements of the venison industry. High deer liveweight gains throughout the year will be required to ensure a consistent supply of high quality venison. The improvement of spring and summer pasture availability and quality are being investigated at the Invermay Agricultural Centre. Tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) and tall fescuelchicory/(Cichoorium intybusL.) red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) pastures were compared with high and low endophyte ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) pastures. Liveweight gain and carrying capacity were measured in spring and summer one year after establishment. Pasture parameters were measured to explain differences in animal perFormance. Liveweight gain was similar on all treatments, though was 21-35% lower in summer than in spring. The tall fescue-based pastures had significantly higher carrying capacities because of a better clover balance throughout the trial. This led to significantly higher per ha production on fust year tall fescue-based pastures. Though ryegrass endophyte had no effect on pasture or animal production, animal behaviour might have been affected. Keywords Acremonium lolii, carrying capacity, Cichorium intybus, deer, Festuca arundinacea, liveweight gain, Loliumperenne, pasture parameters, Trifolium pratense, Trijolium repens
Agronomic performance of RPR fertiIiser in a grazed pasture
Authors: Mcbride S.D.
Published: July 2020

The effectiveness of Sechura RPR (SPR) plus sulphur (S) as a development and maintenance fertiliser was compared with superphosphate (SSP) on an irrigated grazed pasture. In 1980, SSP or SPR plus S was applied at 71 kg/ha phosphorus (P) to pastures that had not received fertiliser for 22 years, but had been recently over-drilled with ryegrass and white clover. Annual maintenance rates of 250 kg SSP/ha and 175 kg SPRjha plus S, (supplying 22 kg P/ha and 27 kg S/ha), were applied from 198 1 to 1992. In the first year the SSP treatment restored pasture production to near optimal level and this level was maintained over subsequent years with annual topdressings. In contrast, the SPR plus S treatment did not restore pasture production until the third year. In the first two years production from this treatment was only 69% and 88%. respectively, of the 250 kg/ha/year SSP treatment. From year 3, annual applications of SPR plus S maintained pasture production. In the first 3 years P concentrations of pasture topdressed with SPR were lower than those of pastures topdressed with SSP. Herbage S concentrations were adequate on both fertiliser treatments. Soil Olsen P levels rose quickly in the first year after the initial application of SSP then decreased to the same level as the SPR plus S treatment. Olsen P levels have been rising steadily since 1983, from both forms of P, indicating that 22 kg P/ha/year is above maintenance for this site. Keywords development fertiliser, irrigated pasture, maintenance fertiliser, Sechura reactive phosphate rock, superphosphate
Effects of frequency of maintenance phosphate fertiliser application on dry matter production from permanent pastures
Authors: Risk W.H. , Smith L.C. , Sinclair A.G. , Johnstone P.D. , Shannop P.W. , O'Connor M.B. , Nguyen L.
Published: July 2020

In a series of 12 field uials located throughout New Zealand annual application of phosphate(P) fertiliser was compared with ttiennial application using rates which applied the same total amount of P over 6 years. Test materials were triple supetphosphate (TSP) and Sechura phosphate rock (SPR), both of which were applied annually at rates which provided 0.75 times the calculated maintenance P requirement (0.75 M) and triennially at 2.25 M.For the 12 sites combined there was a significant response to P fertiliser each year. Application frequency had no significant effect on total DM yield over the 6 year period with either TSP or SPR. A cyclic effect with triennial applications was appsrent for both fertllisers, with approximately 2-4% higher yields in the first year and 2-4% lower yields in the third year of both 3 year cycles. These results indicate that on well developed pastures a change from annual to triennial application frequency of phosphate fertillser, with either TSP or slow release SPR, will have little effect on DM production providing the same total amount of P is applied. This gives farmers the opportunity to make some adjustment to P fertiliser application frequency according to fluctuations in availability of finance. However, these conclusions do not apply to other nutrients such as sulphur, potassium and trace elements for which annual applications may he necessary. Keywords triple superphosphate, Sechura phosphate rock, phosphate fertilisers, annual application, triennial application, application frequency, reactive phosphate reck
Methods of establishing tall fescue and ryegrass in a dryland environment
Authors: Hume D.E. , Lyons T.B.
Published: July 2020

Optimal systems for establishing new pastures were considered at trial sites in southern Hawkes Bay and Manawatu. Systems of pasture establishment, before drilling new pasture in autumn, were: (a) spring sown barley, (b) summer fallow by cultivation, (c) summer fallow by glyphosate spraying, and (d) pasture during summer then a single glyphosate spray at drilling. Each establishment treatment was sown with white/sub clover, and either tall fescue (an example of a dryland grass species) or perennial ryegrass. Methods (a) and (b) used a roller drill to sow pastures into a cultivated seedbed, and methods (a), (c) and (d) used a direct drill. A very moist cool summer resulted in no advantage to the fallow treatments in terms of better soil moisture at sowing, but generally these treatments had the best establishment, possibly due to low weed contents and higher soil nitrogen levels. A single spray with glyphosate before direct drilling gave the poorest results for both grass species. The relative advantages and disadvantages of each treatment are discussed. Establishment and yields of tall fescue were lower than for ryegrass, although tall fescue had higher white/sub clover contents and less dead matter than ryegrass pastures. A low sowing rate and colder-than-average temperature at sowing may have depressed the establishment of tall fescue. Ryegrass quickly recovered from lower levels of establishment (within 3-6 months) but tall fescue took 9-12 months to show any improvement in contribution to pasture yields. Keywords: dryland, Festuca arundinacea, L.&urn perenne, pasture establishment
Production gains from genetic improvement, hybrid vigour, fertiliser and feeding management on a Wairarapa sheep and beef farm
Authors: Mcfadzean J.
Published: July 2020

Helen and I with a single shepherd farm "Glenbrae" a 918 ha hill country property situated on the eastern foothills of the Tararua ranges. Prior to 1978 my father farmed 167 ha, part of the present property. During 1978 I purchased 208 ha 5 km from my father's farm. Further expansion has been made possible by leasing land, both adjoining and at distance from Glenbrae (up until this year a quarter of the property was leased). Improvement in productivity per ha and per head has also increased our ability to service borrowings necessary for expansion.
Technology transfer: systems used by a Wairarapa farm consultancy firm
Authors: Garland C.
Published: July 2020

This paper outlines the systems of technology transfer used by a local farm management consultancy firm. The clientele of the firm is profiled along with the expectations of that clientele. The paper outlines the methods by which the firm receives technology input and the methods by which it transfers that technology. The evaluation of the success of that technology transfer is also described. The author emphasises the importance of technical competence and professional independence in the consultancy profession. He also outlines his philosophy on technology transfer. This philosophy maintains that agriculture is a people-based industry and that the most successful technology transfer will occur where the bearer of that technology has credibility and is a good communicator, whether he or she is a farmer, consultant or a scientist. Keywords: client servicing, communication skills, farm discussion groups, management newsletter, people-based industry, professional independence, technical competence, "trickle-down" effect
Managing for risk on summer dry coastal hill country
Authors: Kinnell D.
Published: July 2020

The purpose of the paper is to demonstrate that "risk management" on summer dry hill country is achieved through the implementation of very simple policies. The conclusions that I have reached are the result of 20 years of farming on such country, reinforced through careful observation of local farm discussion groups. Keywords: summer dry coastal hill country
Riverside Farm - A Wairarapa teaching, research and extension resource
Authors: Parker W.J. , Macdonald A. , Blanchard V. , Townsley R.J.
Published: July 2020

Massey University assumed management responsibility for "Riverside", a 723 ha sheep and beef cattle farm 8 km north of Masterton in Master-ton in March 1978. The farm is leased to the University under the terms of the will of the late Mr Sydney Campbell to assist in the accumulation, expansion and dissemination of knowledge about agriculture, with particular emphasis on agriculture in the Wairarapa. A lo-year farm development programme instigated in 1978 resulted in the sale of the beef herd and the winter stocking rate of sheep being increased to 15.1 suiha by 1984 (9.7 sulha in 1978). In 1985 stocking rates were sharply reduced following a severe drought and the current mixed 2-year bull beef and breeding ewe policy was introduced. Recent research has focused on drought-tolerant pasture species. In late 1992 sheep and beef cattle farmers (n=lOO) were surveyed to identify local information needs and how Riverside could continue to serve the region's research and extension requirements. Information related to fertilisers and farm management were most frequently rated as the most imporant current needs. Keywords: extension, research, Riverside, teaching, Wairarapa
Background to the successful operation of the Wairarapa Farm Improvement Club, the system and benefits from the physical and financial database
Authors: Baker D.
Published: July 2020

This paper explains what a Farm Improvement Club (FIC) is and briefly backgrounds the Wairarapa FIC (Wai FIC). Key components to its successful operation are outlined together with a review of the establishment of the FIC and district database. Two tables are presented that indicate the method by which key physical and financial indices can be used. The first report is for an individual client which compares figures with the club and property class average. The second is a summary of results by farm category. An opinion as to future relevance and opportunities for a club type structure are outlined. Keywords: Wairarapa Farm Improvement Club components for success, Database use in extension.
Spring grazing management and tiller dynamics in a ryegrass/white clover pasture
Authors: Hernandez-Garay A. , Hodgson J. , Matthew C.
Published: July 2020

The objective of this trial was to study the effect of variation in the timing and duration of lax spring grazing on tiller dynamics in perennial ryegrass. Tiller population density, tiller appearance, and tiller death were measured in a sward of perennial ryegrass (cv. Grasslands Nui) and white clover (cv. Grasslands Tahora) grazed by sheep every 14 days to 4 cm (hard) and every 21 days to 7 cm (lax) residues. The experiment comprised 2 lax spring grazing treatments [lax grazing October 26December 8 (H-H-L-H) and September 16 December 8 (H-L-L-H)], plus a hard grazed control (H-H-H-H). Ryegrass tiller density was greater in H-L-L-H than H-H-L-H and H-H-H-H from mid summer until the end of the trial in autumn, mainly because of the difference in tillering activity late in December. Tiller appearance rate increased in all the treatments from September to the end of January, and was particularly high late in December in the second regrowth after grazing of the apices of the main group of reproductive tillers. The lax grazing management strategy increased tiller appearance rate during late December and January. Higher tiller losses in lax grazing treatments over the same period were not offset enough to affect this advantage. The response in tiller population density was greater following the extended period of lax spring grazing. Keywords: grazing management,Lolium perenne, reproductive growth, tiller population density, tiller demography, Trifolium repens
Profitability through matching feed supply to animal requirement
Authors: Mclaren N.
Published: July 2020

Summer dry Wairarapa hill country can be farmed profitably. Most of the profit is created by fully feeding the stock in the spring from September to early December. My economic farm surplus to total capital involved has given me a return of 8- 11% over the last 4 years. The key ingredient is to maximise the most profitable enterprise and then fit the other stock options around it. I maintain that a 2-year cattle finishing policy fits the pasture growth pattern best and achieves the desired financial results. Keywords: animal requirements, feed supply, profitability
Producing heavy weight lambs for export
Authors: Williamson Gwyn
Published: July 2020

My wife, Lindy, and I are the operating managers on Kumu Kumu, a 724 ha sheep and beef property situated 23 km east of Masterton. Kumu Kumu was purchased in 1988 by a partnership, which in turn is jointly and equally owned by two equity entities, one of which represents the interests of my family. The property is predominantly hill country straddling both sides of the Maungaraki limestone ridge, the westfacing slopes being exposed to dry north-west winds, and the east-facing being less affected, but both aspects, being loess-covered siltstones, are prone to some erosion. At the base of these hills to the east, we have a reasonable area of alluvial loam flats which are prone to winter wetness, but give high spring/summer production.
Computer spreadsheets for predicting feed requirements and feed budgeting
Authors: Brookes I.M. , Morris S.T. , Parker W.J.
Published: July 2020

Planning the use of feed on farms requires the temporal relationship between feed supply and demand to be described by a budgeting process. This can be achieved using spreadsheets, but input data on pasture growth, supplements and animal feed requirements must be provided. Feed requirements can be derived from published tables but interpolation between data points is necessary (Townsley 1986). Computer models can provide estimates of requirements for any specified liveweight and production level. These can then be used as sub-routines to provide inputs to a feed budget (Brookes et al. 1991). This paper describes the main features of a number of feed requirement models and their use in feed planning. Keywords: beef cows, dairy cows, ewes, feed budgets, feed requirements, spreadsheets, heifers
INTERNET RESOURCES IN TEACHING RUSSIAN AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE
Authors: Shabalina Larisa A. , Vtyurina Ksenia A.
Published: July 2020

The article is devoted to peculiarities of using of auxiliary Internet resources in teaching Russian as a foreign language. The authors enumerate tasks that are being solved in the lingvodidactic activity by means of Internet resources and point out some difficulties that arise in the Internet resources usage when teaching Russian as a foreign language.
PROBLEMATIC ISSUES OF EVACUATION IN CASE OF FIRE IN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS
Authors: Lamkov Igor M. , Golovina Larisa A.
Published: July 2020

Buildings of higher educational institutions belong to objects with mass stay of people. The main way to protect personnel and students in the event of a fire is evacuation. The problems of organizing evacuation and conducting fire training are considered. To improve the readiness of personnel and students of higher education institutions to act in case of fire it is proposed to conduct classes at the training centers of the Federal Fire Service.
ROLE OF THE DISCIPLINE “LIFE SAFETY” IN THE FORMATION OF SAFE THINKING AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS
Authors: Petrova Natalya V. , Usikova Oksana V. , Lojkova Tatyana V.
Published: July 2020

The article discusses the process of forming safe thinking among students at three levels of education: general education (secondary general education), vocational education (secondary and higher professional education) and vocational training, as well as problems specific to each level are identified. The special role of the discipline "Life Safety" in the formation of safe thinking is substantiated.
COMPUTER PROGRAM “DIFFRACTION_YOUNG” FOR TWO LABORATORY WORKS: “EXPERIMENT OF YOUNG” AND “DIFFRACTION GRATING”
Authors: Tyushev Alexander N. , Bugakov Petr Yu.
Published: July 2020

The article shows how to obtain the full formula of the diffraction grating based on Fraunhofer diffraction on the slit and multipath interference. It also provides a description of the computer program "Diffraction_Young", developed at the SSUGT Technology Transfer Center as a part of a project to support teaching of Physics courses.
DEVELOPING OF A SCENARIO OF INNOVATION EDUCATIONAL GAME “DIGITAL EARTH”
Authors: Molokina Tatyana S. , Kokorina Irina P.
Published: July 2020

The article discusses the development of an innovation educational game "Digital Earth" for University students, describes the main stages of its scenario and types of exercises.
DEVELOPING A DIGITAL PLATFORM FOR REGISTRATION AND SUPPORT OF STUDENT SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE AT SSUGT
Authors: Bugakova Tatiana Yu. , Sharapov Artem A. , Shinkorenko Yuri A.
Published: July 2020

At present, the student scientific conference of SSUGT includes a large number of sections, master classes and other events, and the number of participants of the student conference is increasing every year. In this regard, there is a need to automate organizational functions that moderators of the conference sections have to solve. The article discusses the process of developing a web-platform for holding a student scientific conference SSUGT, its functionality is given.
MODERN EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGIES FOR TEACHING CHEMISTRY AT A TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY
Authors: Troeglazova Anna V.
Published: July 2020

The results of the analysis of the reasons for the low academic performance of first-year students in Chemistry at a technical university are presented. Based on the monitoring results, an overview of pedagogical technologies used when teaching Chemistry is given.
INNOVATIVE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES IN TRAINING EXPERTS IN CADASTRE
Authors: Klyushnichenko Viktor N.
Published: July 2020

The scope of the cadaster and cadastral activities is constantly being transformed. This requires immediate modification of lectures and practical classes on the subjects Basics of the Real Estate Cadastre and Unified State Register of Real Estate. Teachers make these changes based on their own understanding of the changes that occur. The introduction of the discipline "Innovations in the Field of Cadastre and Cadastral Activity" will allow making modifications to lecture and practical classes, taking into account the generalization of the opinions of leading teachers, as well as practical works of students. Thus, University graduates will be ready for the changes that take place and will be able to make right decisions in the current situations. The purpose of this work is to justify the need to introduce the discipline "Innovation" in the training of cadastral specialists. The relevance of the work lies in the fact that it fully meets the requirements of time in relation to the maximum approximation of the educational process to real conditions of performing cadastral works.
DEVELOPMENT OF CRITERIA FOR THE SYSTEM ASSESSING EFFECTIVENESS OF STUDENT PARTICIPATION IN RESEARCH WORK
Authors: Pavlovskaya Olga G.
Published: July 2020

The article considers criteria for assessing the effectiveness of student participation in research work. Points for calculating indicators taking into account the types and levels of events are given.
APPLICATION OF FORSIGHT TECHNOLOGY IN ECOLOGICAL EDUCATION
Authors: Bochkareva Irina I. , Bokova Tatiana I.
Published: July 2020

The paper considers the possibility of using Foresight technology in the educational process. The experience of testing the technology at the Department of Ecology and Environmental Management of SSUGT to build maps of the future ecologic paths is described.
3D-MODELS OF NATURAL OBJECTS AS A COMPONENT OF DIGITAL EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES IN TRAINING “ECOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT“
Authors: Trubina Lyudmila K.
Published: July 2020

The article discusses some aspects of the use of 3D-models as educational resources for bachelors trained in "Ecology and Environmental Management". The importance of such resources is noted, since a number of disciplines include the study of natural objects, and their visualization in the form of volumetric models contributes to increased visibility, enriches the thinking process, and helps to understand the connections and relations between the studied objects.
UNIVERSAL COMPETENCES IN THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS OF A MODERN UNIVERSITY
Authors: Yankelevich Svetlana S. , Martynov Gennadiy P.
Published: July 2020

The article analyzes the problems of transition of higher education institutions of the Russian Federation to the educational standards of the new generation, which introduce the concept of universal competencies into the educational process. In the process of mastering these competencies, there is a problem of defining the indicators of competence achievement in the form of generalized characteristics that reveal the structure of competence in the process of actions that can be performed by a graduate who mastered this competence to some extent. The article examines the historical experience of the introduction of the concept of competence in the educational process of European universities that joined the Bologna Agreement. The proposals of a number of research centers of Russia to determine the list of indicators of competence achievement are studied. Some examples of formation of universal competences in SSUGT are considered. A number of problems of introduction of educational standards of new generation to educational process of University are designated.
Hubungan Pengetahuan dan Sikap Ibu Nifas dengan Pemberian ASI Ekslusif di Ruang Kasuari RSU Anutapura Palu
Authors: Rosiyana Ni Made , Ayu Dewi Sry , Pratiwi Vira
Published: July 2020

Breastmilk has several advantages when compared to formula milk. Breastmilk is cheap, healthy, and easy to give. The provision of exclusive breastfeeding in the city of Palu increased relatively in 2015 (68%) to 2016 (64%). While respecting exclusive breastfeeding at Anutapura General Hospital in Palu in 2016 (74%) or 1,462 of the total births of 1954 and not yet reaching the national target of 80%. This study is an analytical study that uses Cross-sectional with a sample of 48 respondents. Statistical test results from the knowledge of postpartum mothers with the help of Exclusive ASI obtained p-value = 1,000 in the exact test, with a confidence level of α = 0.05, so the value of p> α then H1 is accepted and H0 is supported, allowing statistics there is no relationship between maternal knowledge childbirth with exclusive breastfeeding. While the results of statistical tests of postpartum mothers' attitudes with exfoliated breastfeeding obtained a p-value = 0.009 in Chi-square test, with a confidence level of α = 0.05, so the p value <α then H1 was accepted and H0, according to statistics there was a relationship between attitudes postpartum mothers with exclusive breastfeeding. So conclusions can be drawn between no relationship between knowledge of postpartum mothers and exclusive breastfeeding and there is a relationship between postpartum maternal attitudes and the provision of exclusive breastfeeding at Anutapura Hospital Palu.
CONDA-PM—A Systematic Review and Framework for Concept Drift Analysis in Process Mining
Authors: Elkhawaga Ghada , Abuelkheir Mervat , Barakat Sherif I. , Riad Alaa M. , Reichert Manfred
Published: July 2020

Business processes evolve over time to adapt to changing business environments. This requires continuous monitoring of business processes to gain insights into whether they conform to the intended design or deviate from it. The situation when a business process changes while being analysed is denoted as Concept Drift. Its analysis is concerned with studying how a business process changes, in terms of detecting and localising changes and studying the effects of the latter. Concept drift analysis is crucial to enable early detection and management of changes, that is, whether to promote a change to become part of an improved process, or to reject the change and make decisions to mitigate its effects. Despite its importance, there exists no comprehensive framework for analysing concept drift types, affected process perspectives, and granularity levels of a business process. This article proposes the CONcept Drift Analysis in Process Mining (CONDA-PM) framework describing phases and requirements of a concept drift analysis approach. CONDA-PM was derived from a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) of current approaches analysing concept drift. We apply the CONDA-PM framework on current approaches to concept drift analysis and evaluate their maturity. Applying CONDA-PM framework highlights areas where research is needed to complement existing efforts.