bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A hybrid model of Multivariate Bayesian Time Series Model with Multi-TemporalConvolution Network for Forecasting Stock Market during Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Ray Paramita , Ganguli Bhaswati , Chakrabarti Amlan
Published: February 2024

This paper presents an alternative method for fore- casting multiple correlated time series data. The proposed hybrid algorithm has two steps comprising a base step of fitting a multivariate Bayesian structural time series (MBSTS) and a post model fitting diagnostic step of running the residuals through a multi-input/output temporal convolutional network (M-TCN) with multiple time scale feature learning. The first step allows for the inclusion of a possibly high dimensional regression component and spike and slab priors are used to find a parsimonious model. The second step is an alternative to the subjective residual based diagnostic procedures in the time series literature and enhances forecasting accuracy. The main advantage of M-TCN is that it can capture sequential information by expanding the field of convolution kernel without increasing the number of parameters. Two applications are presented in this paper- the first uses pre-lockdown data on eleven Nifty stock sectoral indices to forecast the trend of stock price movement and also the first post lockdown upturn. The second application uses stock market data of pharmaceutical companies manufacturing COVID-19 vaccines. In both cases, newspaper and social media sentiment serve as the regression component. The proposed hybrid model is shown to outperform bench- mark models for the two motivating datasets. The hybrid model produces greater accuracy than other models such as LSTM (Long short-term memory), Bidirectional Encoder Representa- tions from Transformers (BERT) based LSTM and GRU (Gated recurrent units), etc.
Effects of silicon photomultipliers with digital readout and the Bayesian penalizedlikelihood reconstruction algorithm on defining metabolic tumor volume in positron emission tomography: Phantom studies
Authors: Yamagata Tatsuki , Fukuchi Kazuki , Haramiishi Kei , Kazuki Fukuchi
Published: February 2024

Objective
The present study aimed to evaluate the influence of silicon photomultiplier positron emission tomography (SiPM-PET) and Bayesian penalized likelihood reconstruction (BPL) on metabolic tumor volume (MTV) by comparing the results with those from traditional photomultiplier tube PET (PMT-PET).
Methods
Six phantoms of varying shapes and volumes (1.2, 2.6, 5.6, 11.5, 15, and 20 mL) were created using a mixture of fluorodeoxyglucose-18 (18F) solution and agar at a background ratio of 1:4, and placed in a 5 L polytank. SiPM-PET and PMT-PET were each performed for five min. PMT-PET utilized traditional ordered subset expectation maximization (OSEM), while SiPM-PET utilized both OSEM and BPL for image reconstruction. MTV calculations were performed using both the traditional relative threshold method (30, 40, 42, and 50% of maximum standardized uptake value [SUVmax]) and the gradient-based method (weight coefficients, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, and 0.6), and the measurements obtained were compared with the actual volume of the phantoms to evaluate accuracy.
Results
SiPM-PET-based contour extraction more accurately reflected the shape of each phantom than PMT-PET alone. In terms of accuracy in calculating MTV, a relative threshold method of 40% and a weight coefficient of 0.4 yielded results that were closest to the actual volumes of the phantoms. When SiPM-PET was used with BPL, the MTV calculated using the gradient-based method most closely approximated the know phantom volume.
Conclusion
The use of BPL in conjunction with SiPM-PET imaging significantly improved spatial resolution, allowing for a clearer delineation of tumor boundaries. Consequently, the MTV calculations obtained using SiPM-PET with BPL were more accurate than those obtained using PMT-PET or SiPM-PET with OSEM, indicating its potential for more precise tumor volume measurement in oncologic PET imaging.
Assessing Trends in Hospitalizations for Breast Cancer Among Women in Korea: A Utilization of the Korea National Hospital Discharge In-depth Injury Survey (2006-2020)
Authors: Hwang Jieun , Jang Jeong-Hoon
Published: February 2024

Objective
In this study, we analyzed the characteristics of breast cancer patients discharged in Korea over the past 15 years and explored the association between comorbidities and treatment outcomes to propose effective strategies for managing cancer patients.
Methods
This study utilized cross-sectional data from the Korea National Hospital Discharge In-depth Injury Survey from 2006 to 2020. Breast cancer patients were identified based on the primary diagnosis coded as C50 (Malignant neoplasm of the breast) according to ICD-10. Comorbidities were limited to those specified by the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) and categorized into groups of 0, 1, 2, and 3 or more scores based on the relative risk associated with each condition.
Results
Between 2006 and 2020, an estimated 499,281 breast cancer patients were discharged, with an average annual percent change of 5.2% (95% CI 4.2–6.2, p < .05). The highest proportion of CCI scores of 3 or more was observed in the 60 and older age group at 12.9%, followed by 10.8% in the 40–59 age group and 8.5% in the under 40 age group. Across all age groups, there was a consistent increasing trend in the risk of mortality as the CCI score increased (p < .05).
Conclusions
The global trend of aging populations and increasing life expectancy indicate a continued rise in the number of breast cancer patients. Consequently, considering comorbidities when developing treatment plans for breast cancer is expected to result in positive treatment outcomes.
Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on physical health among children: difference-in-differences analyses of nationwide school health checkup database
Authors: Okubo Yusuke , Ishitsuka Kazue , Goto Atsushi
Published: February 2024

Purpose: The COVID-19 pandemic posed tremendous challenges for children, requiring them to adapt to changes in social environments. However, the long-term effects of the pandemic on various aspects of physical health at a national level remain unclear.
Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, we analyzed data from nationwide health checkup records among children aged 7–15 years. The dataset comprised 3,544,146 records from 393,794 individuals who graduated from junior high school during fiscal years 2007 to 2022. Difference-indifferences (DID) analyses with multiple time periods were used to examine the impact of COVID-19 on physical health outcomes.
Results: Compared with the pre-pandemic period, the COVID-19 pandemic was associated with excess increases in obesity for boys and girls, persisting over the 3 years (DID estimate, +0.42%; 95%CI, 0.23 to 0.61). Also, it was associated with excess increases in underweight (DID estimate, +0.28%; 95%CI, 0.25 to 0.32) and poor visual acuity among boys in the 3 rd year (DID estimate, +1.80%; 95%CI, 1.30 to 2.30]). There were excess reductions in dental caries (DID estimate,-1.48%; 95%CI,-2.01 to-0.95]), glucosuria (DID estimate,-0.55; 95%CI,-0.88 to-0.23), and hematuria (DID estimate,-0.43%; 95%CI,-0.73 to-0.13]) during the 3 rd year of the pandemic.
Conclusions: These findings underscore the multifaceted impact of the pandemic on various health indicators for school-aged children. This information could be valuable for public health policy and pediatric healthcare planning in the post-pandemic era.
Efficient hybrid numerical modeling of the seismic wavefield in the presence of solid-fluid boundaries
Authors: LYU Chao , ROMANOWICZ Barbara , Zhao Liang , MASSON Yder
Published: February 2024

Applying full-waveform methods to image small-scale structures of geophysical interest buried within the Earth requires the computation of the seismic wavefield over large distances compared to the target wavelengths. This represents a considerable computational cost when using state-of-the-art numerical integration of the equations of motion in three-dimensional earth models. “Box Tomography” is a hybrid method that breaks up the wavefield computation into three parts, only one of which needs to be iterated for each model update, significantly saving computational time. To deploy this method in remote regions containing a fluid-solid boundary, one needs to construct artificial sources that confine the seismic wavefield within a small region that straddles this boundary. The difficulty arises from the need to couple elastic and acoustic simulations in this region. Reconciling different displacement potential expressions used for solving the acoustic wave equation, we propose a unified framework for such hybrid simulations, a significant step towards applying “Box Tomography” in arbitrary regions inside the Earth, resulting in a thousand-fold computational cost reduction compared to standard approaches, without compromising accuracy. We also present examples of benchmarks of the hybrid simulations in the case of target regions at the ocean floor and the core-mantle boundary.
Randomised controlled trial of tourniquet associated pain generated in lower limb after exsanguination by Esmarch bandage versus limb elevation
Authors: Mitrichev Alexander , Maunder John , Jabur Aiden , Singh Prince , Lees Deborah , Morse Levi , Parkinson Benjamin
Published: February 2024

Background
Tourniquets are common adjuncts in the operating theatre but can be associated with post-operative pain. This study was designed to compare what effect pre-tourniquet Esmarch bandage exsanguination has on pain, compared to pre-tourniquet exsanguination by elevation alone.
Methods
52 volunteers (104 lower limbs) were included in this study with each volunteer acted as their own matched control. The primary outcome was pain level, measured in both legs simultaneously using visual analogue scale every 2 minutes for 20 minutes of tourniquet inflation and every minute after deflation. Secondary outcomes were pain difference, cumulative pain score, time of recovery and blood pressure during occlusion and release time.
Results
There was no statistically significant difference in cumulative pain score between legs regardless dominance, site of investigation and point of time. There was no difference in cumulative pain scores between Esmarch and elevation under inflation (50.6, SD 17.0 vs 51.7, SD 16.8, p = 0.87) or deflation (23.4, SD 14.8 vs 24.1, SD 14.9, p = 0.94). Time to full recovery of the lower limb was the same for both groups — 7.6 minutes (SD 2.1min, p = 0.80).
Conclusion
Previous studies describe a positive effect on pain when Esmarch bandage was used prior to tourniquet inflation for upper limb. Using a high level of evidence, we could not prove the same benefit from Esmarch when it was used on lower limbs during inflation of tourniquet, nor after release. These two techniques yield similar pain profiles, and patient factors need to be considered when deciding between elevation and Esmarch bandage.
Selective and rapid detection of minocycline in milk using a novel fluorescence conjugated polymer probe
Authors: Gong Lindan , Zhang Lin , Wang Hengyuan , Sun Yan , Zhang Hongju , Fan Lu-an
Published: February 2024

Minocycline is a broad-spectrum antibiotic widely used in clinical and veterinary medicine and its adverse effects are as prominent as its potent efficacy. To avoid its abuse and accumulation, it is very important to detect minocycline in medical science, food industry, and aquaculture industry. Here, a conjugated polymer probe for minocycline is prepared and its optical properties and fluorescence response to minocycline is studied. The quenching efficiency is linear relevant with the amount of minocycline at the concentration range of 0–12 µM in PBS and 0–28 µM in ethanol with the limit of detection of 0.0151 µM. Moreover, the standard addition recoveries of minocycline in skim milk samples are between 92.22–104.43%, and the relative standard deviation values are less than 3%. These results imply that the probe has a great potential for detecting minocycline in actual samples with simplify, rapidity and sensitivity.
Population Pharmacokinetics and Dosage Optimization of Linezolid in Chinese Older Patients
Authors: Li Yuanchen , Fang Qiu , Wu Zejun , Huang Siqi , Ge Weihong , Shen Jizhong , Zhu Huaijun
Published: February 2024

Purpose The objective of this study was to assessed the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of linezolid in a retrospective cohort of hospitalized Chinese older patients.
Methods Patients >60 years of age, who received intravenous linezolid 600 mg, were included. A population pharmacokinetics (PPK) model was established using nonlinear mixed-effects modeling. The predictive performance of the final model was assessed using goodness-of-fit plots, bootstrap analyses, and visual predictive checks. Monte Carlo simulations were used to evaluate the achievement of a pharmacodynamics target for the area under the serum concentration–time curve/minimum inhibitory concentration (AUC0–24/MIC).
Results A total of 210 samples were collected from 120 older patients. A one-compartment PPK model with linear elimination was found to best predict the linezolid plasma concentrations. Linezolid clearance (CL) was 4.22 L h-1 and the volume of distribution (Vd) was 45.80 L along with serum uric acid (SUA) as a significant covariate of CL.
Conclusion Based on the study results, we concluded that the standard dose was associated with a risk of overexposure in older patients, particularly those with high SUA values; these patients would benefit from a lower dose (300 mg every 12 h). This study would help in the therapeutic drug monitoring of linezolid in older patients in the future.
Developing a Security Enhancement for Healthcare Applications Using Blockchain-Based Firefly-Optimized Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm
Authors: Alex Britto , K Selvan
Published: February 2024

Presently the growing digitalization of healthcare systems implies appropriate safety measures that are necessary to protect sensitive patient data and the accuracy of medical records. During this paper, an individual blockchain-based security upgrade plan customized for healthcare applications is proposed. The blockchain is a distributed ledger technology that is secure and distributed. Initially, we gathered the healthcare dataset from standardization was used to create effective data partitioning. To suggest an encryption scheme that relies on blockchain technology to improve data transmission security, this study demonstrates the fundamentals of contemporary cryptography by introducing a revolutionary technique that enhances the integration of the Firefly optimized Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (FOECDSA) with lightweight advanced decryption. In this study, Microsoft's SQL server is used to manage and store structured data. The proposed approach is compared with the existing methods and the improved encryption technique is evaluated and tested using specific standard parameters.
A Comparative Analysis of Transhepatic Cardia-Gastric Fundus Puncture vs. Gastric Body puncture for Insufflation for CT-Guided Percutaneous Gastrostomy
Authors: Xiao-mei Qi , Chang-ming Hu , li Liu , Qing-Hua Liang , Jun-ru Xiong , Liang-shan Li , Liang-yu Deng , guang-ying Tang , Xue-quan Huang , Chuang He
Published: February 2024

Objective: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of transhepatic cardia-gastric fundus puncture (TCFP) for insufflation for CT-guided percutaneous gastrostomy (CPG).
Methods: The clinical data of 38 patients who underwent TCFP for insufflation and 161 patients who underwent percutaneous gastric body for insufflation at a single center were retrospectively analyzed. The operative time, success rate, complication rate, overall procedure time, and incidence of complications within three months were collected.
Results: The success rate of insufflation was 100%, and no serious complications occurred during percutaneous gastric insufflation. The average time for insufflation via TCFP was 9.60±6.62 minutes, and that via gastric body puncture was 8.71±71.8 minutes, with no significant difference between the two (p=0.485). The overall duration of gastrostomy in the TCFP group was 32.16±10.27 minutes and 33.94±13.82 minutes in the gastric body group, with no significant difference (p=0.456). The incidence of submucosal air spread was 0% in the TCFP group and 9.9% in the gastric body group, with significant difference (p=0.045). The complication rates following insufflation via TCFP and via gastric body puncture were 18.4% and 21.7%, respectively, with no significant difference between the two groups (p=0.652). The perioperative pain score was 2 after insufflation via TCFP and via gastric body puncture, with no significant difference (p=0.119). The overall mortality rate was 0 in the first postoperative month, with a 3-month mortality rate of 5% (10/199). The surviving patients showed a significant increase in weight from 51.81±8.52 kg to 52.52±9.39 kg at 3 months postoperatively (p=0.009).
Conclusion: TCFP for insufflation is safe and effective, with a 100% success rate and no increased risk of complications. The choice of procedure should be based on the patient's specific condition and the physician's experience.
An ultrathin, rapidly fabricated, flexible giant magnetoresistive electronic skin
Authors: Chen Jiamin , Zhang Junjie , Jin Zhenhu , Chen Guangyuan
Published: February 2024

In recent years, there has been a significant increase in the prevalence of electronic wearables, among which flexible magneto-electronic skin has emerged as a key component. This technology is part of the rapidly progressing field of flex-ible wearable electronics, which has opened a new avenue in human perceptual development: magnetic sense. However, magneto-electronic skin is limited due to its low sensitivity and substantial field as a wearable electronic device for sens-ing minor magnetic fields. Additionally, achieving efficient and non-destructive delamination in flexible magnetic sensors remains a significant challenge, hindering their development. In this work, we demonstrate a novel magneto-electronic touchless interactive electronic that utilizes a flexible giant magnetoresistive sensor array. The flexible magnetic sensor array has been developed through an electrochemical delamination process, and the resultant ultra-thin flexible elec-tronic system possesses both ultra-thin and non-destructive characteristics. The flexible magnetic sensor is capable of achieving a bending angle of up to 90 degrees, maintaining its performance integrity even after multiple repetitive bend-ing cycles. Our research also encompasses demonstrations of non-contact interaction and pressure sensing. This re-search is anticipated to significantly contribute to the advancement of high-performance flexible magnetic sensors and catalyze the development of more sophisticated magnetic electronic skins.
An automated workflow for the rapid increase of hydrolytic enzyme concentration for short- chain carboxylic acid production from lignocellulosic biomass
Authors: Longis Marion , Raulo Roxane , Paul Sébastien , Neubauer Peter , Phalip Vincent , Heuson Egon , Junne Stefan
Published: February 2024

Background.
Short-chain carboxylic acids are interesting building blocks that can be synthesized from biogenic residues with the so-called dark fermentation. One challenge though is the hydrolysis of lignocellulosic residues to make them accessible for whole cell biotransformation. Accessibility can be achieved through conversion of lignocellulose through microbial exoenzymes. In this study, bacteria and fungi were isolated from different lignocellulose-containing feedstock. A workflow of an automated screening with the isolated strains for their ability to accumulate short-chain carboxylic acids in fermentation was elaborated. The screening was performed with and without addition of fungal enzymes.
Results.
Results show a three-fold increase in acetic acid concentration and nearly a six-fold increase in succinic acid concentration if the feedstock was pre-treated in comparison to untreated feedstock. When adding the enzyme-containing supernatant to a continuous dark fermentation with wood barks as feedstock, the acid concentration increased remarkably from 1 to 2.6 g⋅L− 1.
Conclusion.
The methodology, thus, is suitable to identify strains and enzyme mixtures for improving hydrolysis of complex lignocellulosic feedstock.
Statistical Modeling of Vigor Ratings in Ruzigrass Breeding
Authors: FONSECA JALES MENDES OLIVEIRA , GONÇALVES FLAVIA MARIA AVELAR , SOBRINHO FAUSTO SOUZA , FILHO JÚLIO SÍLVIO DE SOUZA BUENO , BENITES FLÁVIO RODRIGO GANDOLFI , TEIXEIRA DAVI HENRIQUE LIMA , NUNES JOSÉ AIRTON RODRIGUES
Published: February 2024

Ruzigass (Urochloa ruziziensis) is a forage crop with high agronomic and nutritional value. Plant breeders often assess ruzigrass phenotypic traits using vigor ratings. The analyses of these categorical data often fail to meet usual statistical assumptions. In this study we compared four fittings of linear models for vigor rating analyses: i) a mixed model for the original scale (LMM), ii) a mixed model for a Box-Cox transformed scale (BCLMM), iii) a multinomial generalized mixed model (GLMM), and iv) a hierarchical Bayesian model (HBM). Additionally, biomass yield was assessed, and indirect selection of high-performing genotypes was evaluated. The experimental design had 2,204 ruzigrass genotypes randomized to augmented blocks. Six graders visually assessed each plot using a rating scale. Fitting methods were sampled from three scenarios, using just one, three, or six graders. A non-null genetic variance component was detected for both traits. Except for BCLMM, methods for analyzing vigor ratings were correlated. The correlations and coincidence indexes for selecting genotypes increased with the number of graders. The analysis of vigor ratings under gaussian approximations is riskier when a single grader evaluates genotypes. GLMM and HBM are more recommendable and suitable analyses of vigor ratings to select high-performing ruzigrass genotypes.
Life cycle assessment of Nicotiana tabacum L.: sustainability of seedling alternatives
Authors: Alba-Reyes Yasmani , Sánchez-Valle Yesther , Ramos-Aquino Rocío Gretchen , Barrera Ernesto L. , Jiménez Janet
Published: February 2024

The seedling of Nicotiana tabacum L. (N. tabacum) holds strategic and economic importance in the product chain due to its vital contributions to agronomical yield and the characteristics of the final product. This study assessed the environmental life cycle impacts of three technologies for N. tabacum seedlings (traditional seedbed, technified, and tray-based). This assessment considered the main activities within the studied system boundaries, insecticides, fertilizers, fungicides, infrastructure, energy, seedling and composting, irrigation, and land use. In this context, relevant scenarios were examined for the Cuban context. The findings reveal that tray-based technology exhibited lower environmental burdens due to reduced consumption of insecticides, fungicides, and fertilizers in N. tabacum phytotechnology, as well as lower diesel consumption in water pumping for irrigation. Energy consumption was the highest contributing factor in 10 out of the 18 impact categories (with values of up to 90%), associated with the emissions from electricity consumption in a fossil fuel-based energy matrix. Additionally, Seedling and composting showed higher impacts in five impact categories (with values of up to 99.8%) due to emissions of nitrogen oxides and acephate into the air. Implementation of cleaner production strategies resulted in a significant reduction of impacts compared to the baseline scenario, particularly through a combination of photovoltaic energy generation for water irrigation pumping and optimized soil tillage (reducing diesel consumption), leading to a reduction of up to 73%. These results not only benefit researchers and farmers but also provide valuable insights for decision-makers, supporting the implementation of renewable energy sources in agriculture.
Neurofibromatosis type 1 with huge intrathoracic meningoceles ： A case report and literature review
Authors: Chen Ningyi , Li Wenjuan , Min Lingfeng , Huang Qian , Bian Jiarong
Published: February 2024

Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1) is a genetic disease that affects multiple organs and systems, leading to various clinical manifestations. In NF-1, rare intrathoracic meningoceles often occur alongside bone dysplasia. These meningoceles contain cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and can be mistakenly diagnosed as 'pleural effusion'. In this case report, we mistakenly identified 'cerebrospinal fluid' as 'pleural effusion' and proceeded with drainage. This error posed significant risks to the patient and holds valuable implications for the future diagnosis and treatment of similar patients.
HIV, HBV, and Plasmodium falciparum co-infections among people living with HIV presenting at a tertiary Hospital in Bayelsa State, Nigeria
Authors: Affia Aniekan George , Okonko Iheanyi Omezuruike , Awoibi Nubhe Kristhien , Koko Koko Udo , Frank-Peterside Nnenna , Okerentugba Phillip O.
Published: February 2024

Background: This study investigated hepatitis B virus (HBsAg) and malaria Plasmodium falciparum (MPF) co-infections among HIV-1 infected individuals undergoing retroviral treatment at a tertiary hospital in Bayelsa, Nigeria.
Method: Two hundred (200) HIV-1 patients undergoing anti-retroviral therapy (ART) were enrolled in the study.Rapid diagnostic tests confirmed the individuals ' HIV-1 viral and malaria Plasmodium falciparum status while HBsAg was performed using the ELISA technique.
Results: Overall frequency of HIV/HBsAg and HIV/Plasmodium falciparum co-infections among the individuals were 9.6% and 14.4%, respectively. Eighteen of the individuals representing 9.0%, had HBsAg/ Plasmodium falciparum co-infection. Furthermore, of these individuals, 11 were females, representing 61.1% of positive cases and 5.5% of the total sample population. At the same time, seven were male, representing 38.9% of the positive cases and 3.5% of the total sample population. Similarly, the percentage distribution of single, married, separated /divorced, and widowed individuals is 4, 3.5, 1, and 0.5 % of the study population and 44.4, 38.9, 11.1, and 5.6 % of the HBsAg/ Plasmodium falciparum co-infected individuals. Data obtained revealed that higher educational qualifications did not reduce the co-infection rate. The percentage of individuals with tertiary, undisclosed, secondary, primary, and no education were 3.5, 2.5, 2, 0.5, and 0.5 % of the total study population and 38.9, 27.8, 22.2, 5.6 and 5.6 % of the HBsAg/ Plasmodium falciparum co-infection.
Conclusion: The present study has highlighted the existence of HBsAg/Plasmodium falciparumco-infections among HIV-1 infected individuals presenting at a teaching hospital in Yenagoa, Bayelsa, Nigeria, with HBsAg/Plasmodium falciparum co-infection higher in singles, females, and patients with up to tertiary education. This gender gap in co-infection rates is an intriguing discovery that could necessitate more investigation.
Impact of an air bubble within the syringe on test results obtained with a modern blood gas analyzer
Authors: Pighi Laura , Salvagno Gian Luca , Ferraro Roberta , Celegon Giovanni , Henry Brandon M. , Lippi Giuseppe
Published: February 2024

Background.
Minimizing air aspiration by carefully filling blood gas syringes is crucial to prevent air contamination from causing undesirable variations in gasses and other molecules. While some previous studies investigated this aspect, these are now outdated and only analyzed a limited number of blood gas parameters. Thus, we investigated the effects air contamination in the syringe using a modern blood gas analyzer.
Methods.
We sampled venous blood from 17 laboratory workers (mean age: 46 ± 11 years; 10 women), filling two consecutive blood gas syringes. The first was filled exactly to its nominal volume (i.e., 1.0 mL), while the second was filled with 0.8 mL of blood and 0.2 mL of ambient air. Blood gas analysis was performed in each syringe using an identical analyzer.
Results.
In the syringe with the air bubble, we found statistically significant increase in pH (0.1%), pO2 (10.8%), SO2 (11.2%), total hemoglobin (3.0%), and hematocrit (2.7%), while values of pCO2 (-4.8%), sodium (-0.5%), and ionized calcium (-1.3%) were significantly reduced. With exception of pH, all these changes exceeded the performance specifications. Potassium, chloride, glucose, lactate, COHb and MetHb values remained unchanged.
Conclusion.
These findings confirm that air bubbles must be removed as soon as possible after sampling from blood gas syringes to prevent artifactual test results and misleading clinical judgment and inappropriate treatment. When blood gas syringes are received in the laboratory with air bubbles inside, the most vulnerable parameters (i.e., pO2, SO2, pCO2, sodium, ionized calcium, hematocrit and hemoglobin) should be suppressed.
Seleksi Bakteri dengan Aktivitas Fibrinolitik yang Diisolasi dari Tanah Rumah Potong Ayam
Authors: Khikmah Nur , Astrika Nuri Rizky , Widaryanti Barinta
Published: February 2024

Bakteri fibrinolitik mampu melisiskan fibrin, suatu bekuan darah yang terbentuk dari fibrinogen melalui proses penghancuran protein oleh trombin. Akumulasi fibrin yang berlebihan tanpa keseimbangan hemostatis menyebabkan trombosis, dapat mengakibatkan kelainan serebrovaskular dan kardiovaskular. Enzim fibrinolitik dari bakteri mempunyai potensi sebagai agen obat trombosis. Tujuan penelitian ini mendapatkan bakteri yang unggul dalam menghasilkan enzim fibrinolitik. Isolat bakteri diseleksi berdasarkan Indeks Aktivitas Enzim (IAE) proteolitik pada skim milk agar dan IAE fibrinolitik pada fibrin plate agar. IAE diperoleh dengan membagi diameter zona jernih di sekeliling koloni bakteri dengan diameter koloni bakteri. Dua puluh delapan isolat bakteri mempunyai aktivitas proteolitik , empat belas isolat diantaranya mempunyai aktivitas fibrinolitik. Lima isolat bakteri mempunyai IAE fibrinolitik 4,0. Isolat tersebut teridentifikasi sebagai anggota Bacillus
Avaliação do grau de processamento e ingredientes dos alimentos oferecidos em refeições complementares de um hospital público universitário
Authors: Strasburg Virgílio José , Da Silva Lauren Yurgel , Silveira Joice Trindade , Scheffer Patrícia Arruda , Staffa Simone Regina Ayres
Published: February 2024

Introdução: A alimentação hospitalar deve garantir além da segurança higiênico-sanitária a qualidade nutricional das refeições oferecidas. Objetivo: analisar o grau de processamento e a quantidade de gorduras, açúcares e sódio dos alimentos oferecidos nas refeições complementares de um hospital público universitário (HPU). Métodos: estudo do tipo retrospectivo, com análise de dados secundários fornecidos pelo HPU. Foram avaliados os alimentos utilizados nas refeições complementares café da manhã, lanche da tarde e ceia durante quatro semanas consecutivas no final de 2022. Foi analisado o grau de processamento, bem como as quantidades de açúcares totais, gordura total, gordura saturada e sódio dos alimentos mais servidos, em quilogramas (kg), de acordo com o critério da curva ABC. Os dados foram avaliados por estatística descritiva. Resultados: os alimentos foram categorizados em quatro grupos: bebidas, pães e derivados, recheios e frutas. Dos 161 itens utilizados, 18 deles representaram mais de 90% da entrega total em kg. Dos alimentos ofertados, 27% foi classificado como ultraprocessados. A oferta de açúcar decorreu principalmente do iogurte, sucos de caixinha e do grupo de pães e derivados. Mais de 90% da gordura saturada encontrada teve como origem alimentos que continham leite em pó integral em sua composição. O sódio foi encontrado em maior quantidade no grupo de pães e derivados. Os alimentos ultraprocessados estiveram presentes em todos os tipos de refeições complementares servidas. Conclusão: Devido à importância da alimentação hospitalar para a saúde e recuperação do paciente, é preciso atenção à qualidade nutricional dos alimentos ofertados como parte da terapia nutricional.
Uso de material didático na atenção básica: aplicabilidade do álbum fotográfico para alimentação complementar.
Authors: Soares Melissa Coimbra , Vargas Camila Lehnhart , Benedetti Franceliane Jobim , Seerig Ana Paula , Rodrigues Thainá Posser , Rangel Rosiane Filipin
Published: February 2024

A alimentação adequada é indispensável para o desenvolvimento e crescimento infantil, sendo assim é de extrema importância ter um instrumento de orientação, um material de fácil acesso e entendimento, que possibilite estreitamento de vínculo entre profissionais e usuários da atenção primária. A utilização de álbum seriado como ferramenta de educação, promove apoio às orientações sobre alimentação complementar transmitidas aos familiares e cuidadores de crianças menores de dois anos por ser um instrumento tanto visual quanto verbal. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo validar o conteúdo e a aparência do álbum seriado fotográfico: formas de apresentação da alimentação complementar para crianças menores de dois anos. O trabalho refere-se à aplicabilidade do álbum seriado fotográfico no contexto da alimentação complementar na Atenção Básica de Saúde para profissionais de saúde de um município da região central do estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Todos os participantes consideram o álbum bem ilustrado e de fácil compreensão, em relação a descrição dos conteúdos para profissionais, todos eles afirmaram que é um material de apoio, facilitador na hora das orientações. Dessa forma, tanto o conteúdo quanto a aparência do álbum seriado fotográfico foram considerados adequados pelos profissionais.
Rapid Identification of the Species of Bloodstain Based on Near Infrared Spectroscopy and Convolutional Neural Network-Support Vector Machine Algorithm
Authors: Liang Ying , Wu Jiaquan , Zeng Qi , Zhao Yunxia , Ma Kun , Zhang Xinyu , Yang Qifu , Zhang Jianqiang , Qi Yueying
Published: February 2024

As one of the most important types of evidence at the scene of the crime, the rapid identification of the human bloodstain is of great significance to solve the criminal case. In this paper, the spectral data of different species of bloodstain samples including human, chicken and pig were acquired by using a hand-held near-infrared spectrometer. Then, the training models were established via convolutional neural network-support vector machine algorithm. Meanwhile, the traditional support vector machine, genetic algorithm-back propagation and random forest classification algorithms were also compared. The results showed that the prediction accuracy of convolutional neural network-support vector machine algorithm was the highest and the overall performance of the model was the best. The rapid detection method based on a handheld near-infrared spectrometer and convolutional neural network-support vector machine algorithm could identify the species of bloodstain efficiently, non-destructively, quickly and accurately and it provided a new technical reference for bloodstains detection and identification.
Learning Evaluation in Early Childhood Education During the Covid-19 Pandemic at Aisyiyah Kindergarten Babadan Sambi Boyolali in the Academic Year of 2020/2021
Authors: Rizqi Ariqoh , Darsinah Darsinah
Published: February 2024

This research aims to describe 1) aspects of learning evaluation, 2) procedures of learning evaluation used, and 3) reports of learning evaluations to student parents. It is a qualitative descriptive research. The data collected are aspects, procedures, and reports of learning evaluation. Data collection uses interview and documentation techniques. Data sources are class teachers and student parents. Validity of data uses triangulation of sources and techniques. The technique of data analysis uses the interactive analysis model of Milles and Huberman. The research results show: 1) the aspects evaluated in learning consist of six development aspects and Kemuhammadiyahan, 2) the procedures of learning evaluation involve assessing children’s work sent by parents via the WhatsApp application. The only assessments carried out are daily assessments using checklist techniques, 3) and the reports of learning evaluations from the results of daily assessment recaps carried out once every six months at the end of the semester in the form of a Child Development Report Book containing descriptive reports and checklists.
The Effectiveness of UMMI Method with IT Media in Al-Qur'an Learning at QTC AL-Mady
Authors: Chotimah Chusnul , Raharjo Raharjo , Rohman Abdul , Nur'aini Siti
Published: February 2024

This study aims to test the effectiveness of using the UMMI method with IT media in learning the Qur'an. The UMMI method is a method of learning the Qur'an that integrates reading, writing and memorizing skills in a structured and directed method. IT media is used to support the learning process by utilizing technology such as applications, video and audio. This research was conducted using a comparative quantitative research method with a sample of 60 students consisting of 30 students who were taught by the UMMI method with IT media and 30 students who were taught by conventional methods. The results showed that the use of the UMMI method with IT media was effective in increasing student achievement and students' perceptions of learning the Qur'an. Students taught by the UMMI method with IT media have higher learning achievements and provide positive responses to this method. Therefore, the use of the UMMI method with IT media can be a solution to improve Al-Qur'an learning that is more effective and interesting for students.
Pharmacological Considerations during Percutaneous Treatment of Heart
Failure
Authors: Sorolla-Romero Jose Antonio , Navarrete-Navarro Javier , Martinez-Sole Julia , Garcia Hector M. Garcia , Diez-Gil Jose Luis , Martinez-Dolz Luis , Sanz-Sanchez Jorge
Published: February 2024

Heart Failure (HF) remains a global health challenge, marked by its widespread prevalence and substantial
resource utilization. Although the prognosis has improved in recent decades due to the treatments implemented,
it continues to generate high morbidity and mortality in the medium to long term. Interventional
cardiology has emerged as a crucial player in HF management, offering a diverse array of percutaneous treatments
for both acute and chronic HF. This article aimed to provide a comprehensive review of the role of percutaneous
interventions in HF patients, with a primary focus on key features, clinical effectiveness, and safety
outcomes. Despite the growing utilization of these interventions, there remain critical gaps in the existing
body of evidence. Consequently, the need for high-quality randomized clinical trials and extensive international
registries is emphasized to shed light on the specific patient populations and clinical scenarios that stand to
benefit most from these innovative devices.
Survival Benefits of Ganoderma Lucidum in Early-stage Triple-negative
Breast Cancer: A Real World Study
Authors: Jiang Baohong , Li Na , Du Wei , Zeng Lijun , Tang Yuanbin , Luo Lunqi , Zhu Hongbo , Ye Feng
Published: February 2024

Background::

Ganoderma lucidum extracts are widely used as adjuvants in the
treatment of triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC) in China. However, its clinical value in
TNBC remains unclear. Therefore, we investigated the clinical effect of Ganoderma lucidum
spore powder (GLSP) on prognosis in patients with early-stage TNBC in this study.

Methods::

A total of 388 patients who were diagnosed with TNBC at the Sun Yat-sen University
Cancer Center from February 2012 to December 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. The
propensity score matching (PSM) method was applied to balance baseline data. Kaplan-Meier
method and Cox proportional hazards model were used to evaluate the relationship between
GLSP and prognosis.

Results::

Of the 388 patients, 72 (18.6%) patients took GLSP. After PSM, 208 patients were
selected for analysis, including 71 (34.1%) patients who took the powder. The median followup
period was 51 months. The patients who took GLSP (the treatment group) and those who did
not take GLSP (the control group) were similar in most clinico-pathological features before being
matched. However, the proportion of patients who received breast-conserving surgery in the
treatment group was higher (27.8% vs. 16.1%; p =0.021) than in the control group. No significant
difference was found in the baseline data between the two groups for the matched cohort
(all p >0.05). Univariate analysis and multivariate analysis showed that patients taking GLSP
benefited from improved overall survival (OS) (HR=0.159, p = 0.002) and disease-free survival
(DFS) (HR=0.232, p = 0.005) before being matched. The main result of the survival analysis
after matching was similar to that described above. Patients in the treatment group achieved
both greater OS and DFS benefits than patients in the control group (all p < 0.05). In stratified
analysis according to TNM stages, after adjusting for the significant prognostic factors, multivariate
analysis revealed that the treatment group had better OS than the control group for patients
in stages II and III (HR=0.172, p =0.004).

Conclusions::

The results of this real-world propensity-score-matched study suggest that GLSP
can improve OS and DFS in early-stage TNBC patients. A higher OS was observed for patients
taking GLSP, particularly in stage II and stage III.
Descripción de las principales plagas y enfermedades que afectan el cultivo de guayaba (Psidium guajava L.)
Authors: Melo Yohana P. , Mera Edward A. , Carmen Carrillo Horacio
Published: February 2024

Los nematodos son animales microscópicos multicelulares, tiene forma de gusano, normalmente viven en el suelo o en el agua, algunos son fitoparásitos, causan daño a las plantas, más específicamente a las raíces. No se pueden observar a simple vista, pero en las raíces de guayaba causan agallas o nubosidades, lo que conlleva a la obstrucción en la toma de nutrientes y agua; en estados avanzados causan la muerte de la planta.
Optimización de una dieta artificial para la alimentación de larvas de Spodoptera Frugiperda durante la producción de nucleopoliedrovirus
Authors: Gómez Juliana , Villamizar R Laura , Sotelo Paula
Published: February 2024

Los nucleopoliedrovirus (NPV) son patógenos de insectos empleados a nivel mundial para el control de diferentes plagas (Barreto et al. 2005). Con un aislamiento nativo de este virus se desarrolló un bioplaguicida para el control del gusano cogollero Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), la plaga más importante del cultivo de maíz (Barón y Angulo 2003). Los NPVs son patógenos obligados y su producción masiva se realiza infectando larvas del insecto hospedero, las cuales son alimentadas con una dieta semisintética que aumenta considerablemente los costos de producción del bioplaguicida (Elvira et al., 2010). Con miras a hacer más competitivo el proceso de manufactura del insecticida viral, el presente trabajo pretendió seleccionar una dieta modificada a partir de la dieta estándar actualmente empleada, reduciendo sus costos de elaboración y determinando su efecto sobre el desarrollo larval y la productividad viral.
Investigating the Feasibility of Using a Wearable Device to Measure Physiologic Health Data in Emergency Nurses and Residents: Observational Cohort Study
Authors: Agarwal Anish K , Gonzales Rachel , Scott Kevin , Merchant Raina
Published: February 2024

Background

Emergency departments play a pivotal role in the US health care system, with high use rates and inherent stress placed on patients, patient care, and clinicians. The impact of the emergency department environment on the health and well-being of emergency residents and nurses can be seen in worsening rates of burnout and cardiovascular health. Research on clinician health has historically been completed outside of clinical areas and not personalized to the individual. The expansion of digital technology, specifically wearable devices, may enhance the ability to understand how health care environments impact clinicians.

Objective

The primary objective of this pilot study was to assess the feasibility and acceptability of using wearable devices to measure and record physiologic data from emergency nurses and resident physicians. Understanding strategies that are accepted and used by clinicians is critical prior to launching larger investigations aimed at improving outcomes.

Methods

This was a longitudinal pilot study conducted at an academic, urban, level 1 trauma center. A total of 20 participants, including emergency medicine resident physicians and nurses, were equipped with a wearable device (WHOOP band) and access to a mobile health platform for 6 weeks. Baseline surveys assessed burnout, mental health, and expectations of the device and experience. Participants provided open-ended feedback on the device and platform, contributing to the assessment of acceptance, adoption, and use of the wearable device. Secondary measures explored early signs and variations in heart rate variability, sleep, recovery, burnout, and mental health assessments.

Results

Of the 20 participants, 10 consistently used the wearable device. Feedback highlighted varying experiences with the device, with a preference for more common wearables like the Apple Watch or Fitbit. Resident physicians demonstrated higher engagement with the device and platform as compared with nurses. Baseline mental health assessments indicated mild anxiety and depressive symptoms among participants. The Professional Fulfillment Index revealed low professional fulfillment, moderate workplace exhaustion, and interpersonal disengagement.

Conclusions

This pilot study underscores the potential of wearable devices in monitoring emergency clinicians’ physiologic data but reveals challenges related to device preferences and engagement. The key takeaway is the necessity to optimize device and platform design for clinician use. Larger, randomized trials are recommended to further explore and refine strategies for leveraging wearable technology to support the well-being of the emergency workforce.
Gestational diabetes mellitus and associated risk factors in rural areas of Northern Vietnam: A cross-sectional survey (Preprint)
Authors: Le Duc-Cuong , Vu Thanh Binh , Nguyen Thi Ly , Tran Thi Nuong , Luong Xuan Hien , Do Thi Thu Huong , Tran Xuan Thuy , Nguyen Hien Thi , Ngo Van Manh , Bui Dieu Thi Huyen , Hoang Van Thuan , Nguyen Tien Van
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is the most common metabolic disorder in pregnancy, and has become an increasing major global public health concern because of its adverse implications for the mother and fetal health.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and risk factors for GDM in rural areas of Vietnam.

METHODS

This cross-sectional study was conducted among 1003 pregnant women, aged ≥18 years in rural areas of Northern Vietnam. GDM was identified as an impaired oral glucose tolerance test based on the guidelines of the International Association of the Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups.

RESULTS

The prevalence of GDM was 26.2%. patients with GDM were more likely to be older than control group with odds ratio (OR) = 3.33, 95% Confidence Interval (CI)= [2.31 – 4.78]. Women with BMI ≥25 kg/m2 were twice as likely to develop gestational diabetes (OR = 2.15, 95%CI = [1.13 – 4.10]). The family history of diabetes increased threefold the risk of GDM (OR = 3.28, 95%CI = [1.18 – 9.12]). In addition, in vitro fertilization and use of endocrine medicine also increased twice the risk of GDM (OR = 2.71, 95%CI = [1.69 – 4.36] and OR = 2.11, 95%CI = [1.53 – 2.91], respectively). After adjusting for variables, multivariate analysis identified two significant risk factors of GDM, including aged over 35 years (aOR = 3.29, 95% CI = [2.28 – 4.73]), and pre-pregnancy BMI ≥ 25 (aOR = 2.01, 95% CI = [1.04-3.90]).

CONCLUSIONS

We found a high prevalence of GDM among pregnant women in rural area of Vietnam. Interventions such as lifestyle changes, exercise and diet are needed to reduce the risk of GDM in older and obese pregnancy women.