bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Theoretical studies of phytochemicals with feline infectious peritonitis virus proteins: a search for novel antivirals
Authors: Kurt Barış
Published: June 2024

Feline Infectious Peritonitis Virus (FIPV) is a highly lethal pathogen affecting cats worldwide. Developing effective antiviral treatments is crucial for managing this disease. This study investigates the potential of flavonoids to act as antiviral agents and allosteric modulators against the FIPV spike protein using molecular docking simulations. Thirteen flavonoids were docked against the FIPV spike protein (PDB ID: 6JX7) in both ligand-free (cleaned) and ligand-bound (uncleaned) states to assess their binding affinities and potential allosteric effects. The docking results revealed that all tested flavonoids exhibited strong binding affinities, with docking scores ranging from -7.9 to -9.6 kcal/mol in the cleaned receptor state. Notably, Hesperidin, Morin, Hesperetin, and Quercetin maintained or even improved their binding affinities in the presence of native ligands, suggesting their potential as allosteric modulators. Comparative analysis of the binding modes in the cleaned and uncleaned receptor states further supports the allosteric modulator potential of Morin, Hesperetin, and Hesperidin. These findings highlight the promising role of flavonoids as antiviral agents and allosteric modulators targeting the FIPV spike protein. Further experimental validation and optimization of these compounds could lead to the development of effective treatments for feline infectious peritonitis. This study provides valuable insights into the application of flavonoids in the management of viral diseases and contributes to the ongoing efforts in antiviral drug discovery.
Türkiye’de Palyatif Bakımda Karar Verme Yeterliliği Olmayan Çocuk Adına Karar Vermede Yasal Çerçeve ve Etik Sorunlar
Authors: Doğanay Ayten Püren , Sert Gürkan
Published: June 2024

Amaç: Pediyatrik palyatif bakımda çocuğa verilen bakımın nasıl devam edeceğine, palyatif bakımın devamında tıbbi müdahale gerekmesi halinde buna ve sınırlarına dair kararların nasıl ve kim tarafından verilmesi gerektiği konuları önemli etik ve yasal tartışmalar içermektedir. Makalemizde karar verme yeterliliği olmayan çocuk adına pediyatrik palyatif bakımda karar vermenin Türkiye’deki yasal çerçevesi belirlenmiştir.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Pediyatrik palyatif bakımın kapsamı ile ilgili çerçeve Dünya Sağlık Örgütü ve uluslararası yayınlar kapsamında belirlenmiştir. Uluslararası yayınlarda yer alan pediyatrik palyatif bakıma ilişkin etik sorunlar incelenmiştir.
Tartışma ve Sonuç: Türkiye’de yasal düzenlemelerde çocuk adına tıbbi müdahaleye karar verilmesinde çocuğun yasal temsilcilerinin kararı esas alınmaktadır. Yasal temsilcinin çocuk adına yeterli kararı vermediğinin düşünüldüğü durumlarda bu karar dışında bir kararın alınması için yargı yoluna başvurularak çocuğun yararına karar verebilecek bir yasal temsilci tayin edilebilmektedir. Pediyatrik palyatif bakımda çocuk adına karar alma ile ilgili ayrıca düzenlemeler bulunmadığından tıbbi müdahalede çocuk adına karar verme ile ilgili yasal çerçeveye uyulması gerekmektedir. Bu kapsamda pediyatrik palyatif bakımda karar verme yeterliliği olmayan çocuk adına kararlarda yasal temsilci olan ebeveynin kararlarının çocuk yararına olmadığının çocuğa zarar verebileceği durumlarda yargı yoluna başvurularak çocuğun yararına ve çocuğa zarar vermeyecek kararların alınması yasal çerçevede mümkündür. Bu gibi nedenlerle yargıya başvurularda Avrupa İnsan Hakları Mahkemesinin benzer başvurularda temel aldığı çocuk adına önerilen kararlar ile ilgili konunun uzmanlarının çocuğun yararının sağlanması ve zarar görmemesi ile ilgili bilimsel görüşleri ile ailenin görüşlerine başvurulması kriterlerinin incelenmesinin tıp etiği bağlamında özerkliğe saygı açısından karar alınmasına katkı sağlayacaktır.
Integration of Electrospun Scaffolds and Biological Polymers for Enhancing the Delivery and Efficacy of Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cell Therapies
Authors: Barcena Allan John R. , Mishra Archana , Bolinas Dominic Karl M. , Martin Benjamin M. , Melancon Marites P.
Published: June 2024

Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) have emerged as a promising therapeutic approach for a variety of diseases due to their immunomodulatory and tissue regeneration capabilities. Despite their potential, the clinical application of MSC therapies is hindered by limited cell retention and engraftment at the target sites. Electrospun scaffolds, with their high surface area-to-volume ratio and tunable physicochemical properties, can be used as platforms for MSC delivery. However, synthetic polymers often lack the bioactive cues necessary for optimal cell-scaffold interactions. Integrating electrospun scaffolds and biological polymers, such as polysaccharides, proteins, and composites, combines the mechanical integrity of synthetic materials with the bioactivity of natural polymers and represents a strategic approach to enhance cell-scaffold interactions. The molecular interactions between MSCs and blended or functionalized scaffolds have been examined in recent studies, and it has been shown that integration can enhance MSC adhesion, proliferation, and paracrine secretion through the activation of multiple signaling pathways, such as FAK/Src, MAPK, PI3K/Akt, Wnt/β-catenin, and YAP/TAZ. Preclinical studies on small animals also reveal that the integration of electrospun scaffolds and natural polymers represents a promising approach to enhancing the delivery and efficacy of MSCs in the context of regenerating bone, cartilage, muscle, cardiac, vascular, and nervous tissues. Future research should concentrate on identifying the distinct characteristics of the MSC niche, investigating the processes involved in MSC-scaffold interactions, and applying new technologies in stem cell treatment and biofabrication to enhance scaffold design. Research on large animal models and collaboration among materials scientists, engineers, and physicians are crucial to translating these advancements into clinical use.
Pharmacological and Non-Pharmacological Advancements in Heart Failure Treatment
Authors: Wang Chen , Fu Gaoshuang , Wang Xinnan , Li Ning
Published: June 2024

Heart failure (HF) is a complex, life-threatening condition characterized by high mortality, morbidity, and poor quality of life. Despite studies of epidemiology, pathogenesis, and therapies, the rate of HF hospitalization is still increasing due to the growing and aging population and an increase in obesity in relatively younger individuals. It remains a predominant issue in the public health and the global economic burden. Current research has focused on how HF affects the entire range of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), especially the three HF subgroups. This review provides a latest overview of pharmacological and non-pharmacological strategies of these three subgroups (HF with preserved ejection fraction, HF with reduced ejection fraction, and HF with mildly reduced ejection fraction). We summarize conventional therapies, investigate novel strategies, and explore the new technologies such as aortic thoracic stimulation and interatrial shunting devices.
Hypoxia-Induced Insulin Resistance Mediates the Elevated Cardiovascular Risk in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Adeva-Andany María M. , Domínguez-Montero Alberto , Castro-Quintela Elvira , Funcasta-Calderón Raquel , Fernández-Fernández Carlos
Published: June 2024

Patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) experience insulin resistance and its clinical consequences, including hypertriglyceridemia, reduced high density lipoprotein-associated cholesterol (HDL-c), visceral adiposity, hepatic steatosis, increased epicardial fat thickness, essential hypertension, glucose intolerance, increased risk for type 2 diabetes, chronic kidney disease, subclinical vascular damage, and increased risk for cardiovascular events. Obesity is a major contributor to OSA. The prevalence of OSA is almost universal among patients with severe obesity undergoing bariatric surgery. However, insulin resistance and its clinical complications occur in OSA patients irrespective of general obesity (body mass index). In OSA patients, apnea episodes during sleep induce oxyhemoglobin desaturation and tissue hypoxia. Insulin resistance is an adaptive response to tissue hypoxia and develops in conditions with limited tissue oxygen supply, including healthy subjects exposed to hypobaric hypoxia (high altitude) and OSA patients. Indicators of oxyhemoglobin desaturation have been robustly and independently linked to insulin resistance and its clinical manifestations in patients with OSA. Insulin resistance mediates the elevated rate of type 2 diabetes, chronic kidney disease, and cardiovascular disease unexplained with traditional cardiovascular risk factors present in OSA patients. Pathophysiological processes underlying hypoxia-induced insulin resistance involve hypoxia inducible factor-1 upregulation and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-γ) downregulation. In human adipose tissue, PPAR-γ activity promotes glucose transport into adipocytes, lipid droplet biogenesis, and whole-body insulin sensitivity. Silencing of PPAR-γ in the adipose tissue reduces glucose uptake and fat accumulation into adipocytes and promotes insulin resistance. In conclusion, tissue hypoxia drives insulin resistance and its clinical consequences in patients with OSA, regardless of body mass index.
Management of Chronic Heart Failure in Dialysis Patients: A Challenging but Rewarding Path
Authors: Guo Luxuan , Ji Yue , Sun Tianhao , Liu Yang , Jiang Chen , Wang Guanran , Xing Haitao , Yang Bo , Xu Ao , Xian Xian , Yang Hongtao
Published: June 2024

Chronic heart failure (CHF) is a common complication and cause of death in dialysis patients. Although several clinical guidelines and expert consensus on heart failure (HF) in the general population have been issued in China and abroad, due to abnormal renal function or even no residual renal function (RRF) in dialysis patients, the high number of chronic complications, as well as the specificity, variability, and limitations of hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD) treatments, there are significant differences between dialysis patients and the general population in terms of the treatment and management of HF. The current studies are not relevant to all dialysis-combined HF populations, and there is an urgent need for high-quality studies on managing HF in dialysis patients to guide and standardize treatment. After reviewing the existing guidelines and literature, we focused on the staging and diagnosis of HF, management of risk factors, pharmacotherapy, and dialysis treatment in patients on dialysis. Based on evidence-based medicine and clinical trial data, this report reflects new perspectives and future trends in the diagnosis and treatment of HF in dialysis patients, which will further enhance the clinicians’ understanding of HF in dialysis patients.
From semantic concreteness to concretism in schizophrenia: An automated linguistic analysis of speech produced in figurative language interpretation
Authors: Bambini Valentina , Frau Federico , Bischetti Luca , Giulia Agostoni , Mevio Cristian , Battaglini Chiara , Bechi Margherita , Buonocore Mariachiara , Sapienza Jacopo , Spangaro Marco , Guglielmino Carmelo , Cocchi Federica , Cavallaro Roberto , Bosia Marta
Published: June 2024

Lack of abstract thinking, known as concretism, is a well-known psychopathological feature of schizophrenia, reflecting the tendency to adhere to concrete aspects of stimuli and figurative language comprehension difficulties. Inspired by the similarity between “concretism” as defined in psychopathology and “concreteness” as defined in linguistics, namely a semantic dimension linked to perceptual experience, we tested the novel hypothesis that impairment in deriving figurative meanings is related to impairment at the semantic level, involving concreteness. We analyzed speech samples from 63 individuals with schizophrenia and 47 controls, who were asked to verbalize the meaning of idioms, metaphors, and proverbs. By automatically extracting linguistic features from speech, we observed that answers in the schizophrenia group exhibited higher word concreteness and the related measure of word imageability, especially in proverbs, while not differing from controls’ ones in lexical richness and speech-time composition. Concreteness in verbalizations produced by individuals with schizophrenia negatively predicted their ability to understand proverbs and their global pragmatic and cognitive profile. This study supports the idea that concretism is rooted in semantics, linking the tendency to concrete figurative interpretations and a bias towards concrete words. In this view, impairment in figurative language understanding can be seen as a difficulty in abstracting away from perceptual-related properties associated with linguistic inputs, in the broader context of multisensory integration disruption. The study discloses new areas of interest for the automated analysis of speech in psychosis, pointing to the importance of considering concreteness for better characterizing linguistic profiles and identifying clinically relevant linguistic dimensions.
Decision making in the aging brain: An update of the evidence base for the ‘affect-integration-motivation’ framework
Authors: Tisdall Loreen , Seaman Kendra Leigh
Published: June 2024

Individuals’ goals and motivations change across their life spans, which may affect decision making as individuals perceive a dwindling number of opportunities to compensate for negative consequences or other losses. Moreover, with advancing age, changes are also occurring at the biological level, including brain structure and function. This may bring about age differences in the cognitive and affective decision-making processes. To advance systematic neuroeconomic research, Samanez-Larkin and Knutson proposed the influential Affect-Integration-Motivation (AIM) Framework almost ten years ago, which described the brain circuits supporting the affective and motivational processes that influence decision making (Samanez-Larkin & Knutson, 2015). Crucially, they explained how age-related changes to these circuits could impact older adults' decision making. This chapter will serve as an update to this seminal paper. In the first part of the chapter, we briefly review the AIM framework before providing an updated literature review describing age-related changes in these associated brain circuits and how these changes impact decision making with age. In the second part, we identify some main gaps in extant work and outline approaches to close them.
Was ist „guter BRU“? Qualität und Qualitätsentwicklung im Religionsunterricht an beruflichen Schulen. Das Projekt QUIRU-B
Authors: Schweitzer Friedrich , Schnabel-Henke Hanne , Rutkowski Mirjam
Published: June 2024

Die Frage nach Qualität und Qualitätsentwicklung in Schule und Unterricht bestimmt seit einigen Jahren zunehmend die Diskussion, sei es in der Praxis oder in Wissenschaft, Bildungspolitik und Öffentlichkeit. Der vorliegende Band nimmt diese aktuelle Diskussion im Blick auf den Religionsunterricht an beruflichen Schulen (BRU) auf. Vor allem durch die neuen Befunde der Empirischen Bildungsforschung entsteht auch für den BRU Handlungsbedarf und können neue Möglichkeiten der Qualitätsentwicklung genutzt werden. Dabei geht es nicht nur um bildungspolitische Erwartungen, sondern an erster Stelle um ein genuin pädagogisches Anliegen: Junge Menschen sollen möglichst effektiv gefördert werden, so dass sie die für eine erfolgreiche Lebensführung erforderlichen Fähigkeiten erwerben können. Und nicht zuletzt ist auch der gesellschaftliche Zusammenhalt im Blick, zu dem das Lernen in der Schule beitragen soll. Der Religionsunterricht gehört in der Regel bislang nicht zu den Fächern, die bei solchen Diskussionen im Zentrum stehen. Soweit es um eine erfolgreiche Lebensführung geht oder um den gesellschaftlichen Zusammenhalt, ist dies kritisch zu sehen. Denn der übliche Fokus auf den traditionellen Hauptfächern (Mathematik und Sprachen) ergänzt um naturwissenschaftliche Fächer erweist sich als zu eng, wenn auch solche weiterreichenden Bildungsziele in den Blick genommen werden. Dieser Band bietet Ergebnisse aus einer Delphi-Befragung von Expert:innen aus der Praxis, empiriebezogene Spezialanalysen zur Fortbildung für den BRU sowie Befunde aus einer Pilotstudie zur Wahrnehmung des Unterrichts aus der Sicht von Schüler:innen.
Efecto del riego y el pastoreo sobre la producción de una pastura de alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)
Authors: Puppo Collazo Lucía , Hayashi Raquel , Beretta Andrés , Morales Pablo
Published: June 2024

La alfalfa es una especie forrajera muy utilizada en Uruguay en ganadería intensiva y lechería. El riego suplementario permite mitigar los efectos negativos del cambio climático, aumentando y estabilizando la productividad de las pasturas. Es necesario evaluar su efecto conjunto con el pastoreo. Se evaluaron dos umbrales de riego, con entrada de animales. Los tratamientos fueron: riego frecuente (30% agotamiento), riego espaciado (65% agotamiento) y secano. El diseño experimental fue de bloques completos al azar, 30 meses de evaluación. La productividad promedio anual de la alfalfa regada fue de 25333 y 23177 kg MS ha-1, primer y segundo año de evaluación, respectivamente. La producción acumulada (30 meses) no mostró diferencia significativa entre los tratamientos regados, pero sí entre regados y secano. En el último verano-otoño, la productividad de todos los tratamientos cae a 8660 kg MS ha-1 (regados) y 1756 kg MS ha-1 (secano). Las productividades estacionales indican la conveniencia de regar la alfalfa en verano, ya que el rendimiento aumentó 43% en el segundo año y 4,3 veces más en el último año. Además, luego de transcurrir la sequía extrema del verano, en el otoño siguiente los regados rindieron 7 veces más que el secano. El manejo con riegos espaciados y láminas de riego que no devuelven el suelo a su capacidad de campo aumenta la efectividad de las precipitaciones, ahorrando agua y energía destinada al riego. La densidad aparente aumentó hacia el final del experimento a consecuencia del pastoreo, sin embargo, no hubo diferencia entre los manejos de riego evaluados.
Sébastien Brémond’s Paratexts: Authorship, Genre, and Masculinity
Authors: Keating Erin
Published: June 2024

In this article, I argue that Sébastien Brémond (1646?–1705?) used his dedicatory paratexts to create a homosocial bond between the author and libertine members of the French faction at Charles II’s court. Coupled with Brémond’s use of the secret history genre and his North African settings that catered to the “Ottomanphilia” of the court during the 1670s, these paratexts situated Brémond as a court insider close to the king, ascribing him with some of the celebrity inherent in that court, and appealing to a wider audience eager to read about the antics of the libertine circle and the king. Looking at these paratexts as a group shows the translatability of the secret history genre across readerships, across political factions, and through time, while the case of Brémond reveals the ways that changing readerships impacted an author’s control over the meanings of their texts and their own authorial persona.
Wood Construction Practices of the Dong Ethnic Group (Guangxi Province, China)
Authors: Wu Wei , Liu Xun
Published: June 2024

This exploratory multiple-case study aims to analyse the ecological design of wooden houses in Dong villages (Guangxi province, China). Residential and public Dong houses were investigated from ecological and cultural perspectives. The results show that topography (i.e., building near the river in a mountainous area) is the main factor influencing the Dong building construction process. It also affects the building layout decisions. The life cycle assessment was applied to collect general information about the exterior and interior design of the Dong settlements. For this, a range of pictures and historical facts (e.g., demand for fire ponds and balconies, ornament usage, etc.) was analysed. The study suggests fir timber as a basic ecological resource for wooden house buildings. Yet, it is highly flammable and increases the fire risk. A brief discussion on the cultural heritage of the Dong people and its influence on their building system was presented. The present findings can be used in future eco-design projects as a brief guideline for creating a traditional-style ethnic wooden house.
Pelatihan Pembuatan Buket Sebagai Alternatif Peluang Usaha Untuk Meningkatkan Perekonomian di Desa Muara Tiku
Authors: Primalasari Ira , Octalia Vera
Published: June 2024

Tujuan dari kegiatan pengabdian ini yaitu memberikan pengetahuan kepada karang taruna dan masyarakat teknik pembuatan buket snack, bunga serta menumbuhkan keterampilan dan kreatifitas dan memberdayakan karang taruna dan masyarakat di kawasan Desa Muara Tiku agar lebih produktif. Kegiatan pengabdian yang dilaksanakan dengan memberikan pelatihan pembuatan buket kepada para karang taruna yang sudah tamat sekolah di Desa Muara Tiku, pentingnya pelatihan pembuatan buket ini dapat menciptakan peluang usaha bagi generasi muda serta meningkatkan perekonomian. Pelatihan pembuatan buket selain dapat menciptkan peluang usaha, juga dapat menambah pendapatan. Pelatihan pembuatan buket yang menarik dan cantik dengan modal yang sangat terjangkau, sehingga dapat dijual dengan keuntungan yang maksimal. Pembuatan buket yang menarik dan akan meningkatkan nilai tambah produk yang pada gilirannya menunjang sustainabilitas usaha perbuketan sehingga meningkatkan pendapatan yang lebih baik.
Kata Kunci : Pelatihan, Kerajinan, Buket
فاعلية تطبيق التعليم الإلكتروني في جامعة التقنية والعلوم التطبيقية بالرستاق في ظل جائحة كورونا كوفيد 19 من وجهة نظر طلبة الجامعة
Authors: السعدية حمدة بنت حمد بن هلال
Published: June 2024

الأهداف: هدفت الدراسة التعرف على فاعلية تطبيق التعليم الإلكتروني في جامعة التقنية والعلوم التطبيقية بالرستاق في ظل جائحة كورونا كوفيد19 من وجهة نظر طلبة الجامعة. وتحديد الفروق في آراء الطلبة والتي تعزى لمتغيرات الجنس، والتخصص، ومكان السكن، والسنة الدراسية. المنهجية: لتحقيق أهداف الدراسة قامت الباحثة بإعداد استبانه تكونت من (47) عبارة موزعة على ثلاث محاور وهي: محور واقع التعليم الإلكتروني في ظل انتشار جائحة كورونا، ومحور تحديات التعليم الإلكتروني في ظل أزمة كورونا، ومحور إيجابيات التعليم الإلكتروني في ظل أزمة كورونا، تم تطبيق أداة على عينة تكونت من (225) طالبًا. النتائج: أشارتْ نتائج الدّراسة إلى أن فاعلية تطبيق التعليم الإلكتروني في جامعة التقنية والعلوم التطبيقية بالرستاق، في ظل جائحة كورونا كوفيد 19 من وجهة نظر طلبة الجامعة بشكل عام جاء ضمن فاعلية تطبيق عالية؛ لكنها أشارت إلى وجود فروق دالة إحصائيًا في تقديرات الطلبة لفاعلية تطبيق التعليم الإلكتروني في جامعة التقنية والعلوم التطبيقية بالرستاق في ظل جائحة كورونا كوفيد19 تعزى لمتغير الجنس ولصالح الذكور، بينما لا توجد فروق دالة إحصائيًا تعزى لمتغيرات التخصص، ومكان السكن والسنة الدراسية. الخلاصة: في ضوء نتائج الدراسة أوصت الباحثة تكثيف الدورات التدريبية للطلبة على استخدام نظام إدارة التعلم الإلكتروني (البلاك بورد) بما يساعدهم على تطوير مهاراتهم. توفير المتطلبات الضرورية لتطوير منظومة البنية التحتية في الجامعة مما يعزز من توفير الدعم الفني المناسب، وتطوير بعض المقررات الدراسية بما يتناسب مع متطلبات التعليم الإلكتروني عن بعد.
Diversion Program Imposed on Juvenile Offenders of Philippines And Indonesia: A Comparative Study
Authors: Ika Dewi Sartika Saimima  , Johndex Emanuel S. Villarico  , Hipolito B. Quillip Jr
Published: June 2024

This study aims to compare find out the similarities and differences of the Diversion Programs imposed on Juvenile Offenders in Philippines and Indonesia. The researchers utilized the descriptive comparative analysis in conducting this study. This research is conducted using secondary data and using the Republic Act 9344 of the Philippines and the Law No. 11 of 2012 of Indonesia as sources. The researcher has the following criteria in comparing if there are provisions under the Republic Act 9344 of the Philippines and the Law No.11 of 2012 of Indonesia that provides for the (a) Factor in Determining the Diversion Program Imposed on the CICL (b) Classification of Diversion Program Imposed on Juvenile Offender and (c) Ensuring the Confidentiality of the Information Regarding the CICL. The researchers found out six (6) similar provisions and four (4) different provisions that pertains to the Factor in Determining the Diversion Program Imposed on the CICL, four (4) similar provisions and two (2) different provisions that pertains to different Classification of Diversion Program Imposed on Juvenile Offender and one similar provision that pertains to Ensuring the Confidentiality of the Information Regarding CICL.
Peranan Peraturan Daerah Dalam Hierarki Peraturan Perundang-Undangan Di Indonesia
Authors: Ofis Rikardo  , Purwadini Silvi Aulia , Maharany Sekar Fuad
Published: June 2024

Kaidah hukum menurut teori Stufenbau dari Hans Kelsen ialah berjenjang dimana kaidah hukum yang lebih rendah berasal dari kaidah hukum yang lebih tinggi. Keberadaan Perda pun dapat dijelaskan dengan teori ini dimana Perda merupakan peraturan yang dari hierarki berada di bawah dari Peraturan-peraturan lain dimulai dari UUD 1945, TAP MPR, UU/Perpu, PP, Perpres. Sehingga Perda Provinsi dan Perda Kabupaten/Kota tidak dapat bertentangan dengan peraturan yang lebih tinggi. Di atas norma-norma itu terdapat grundnorm yang merupakan sebagai norma dasar yang menjiwai peraturan-peraturan yang di bawahnya yaitu Pancasila. Peraturan Daerah merupakan salah satu peraturan yang masuk pada tata urutan peraturan perundang-undangan yang diatur dalam UU No. 12 Tahun 2011. Fungsi Perda ialah sebagai instrumen untuk melaksanakan otonomi daerah dan pembentukannya sesuai dengan UUD 1945 dan Undang-Undang Pemerintahan Daerah. Di dalam pembentukan Perda perlu dilakukan pengawasan yaitu berupa pengawasan, preventif, represif, maupun pengawasan umum agar di dalam pembentukan dan pelaksanaan Perda sesuai dengan peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku.
TIBETANS IN NEPAL
Authors: Frechette Ann
Published: June 2024

Based on eighteen months of field research conducted in exile carpet factories, settlement camps, monasteries, and schools in the Kathmandu Valley of Nepal, as well as in Dharamsala, India and Lhasa, Tibet, this book offers an important contribution to the debate on the impact of international assistance on migrant communities. The author explores the ways in which Tibetan exiles in Nepal negotiate their norms and values as they interact with the many international organizations that assist them, and comes to the conclusion that, as beneficial as aid agency assistance often is, it also complicates the Tibetans' efforts to define themselves as a community.
ANTHROPOLOGY & MASS COMMUNICATION
Authors: Peterson Mark Allen
Published: June 2024

Anthropological interest in mass communication and media has exploded in the last two decades, engaging and challenging the work on the media in mass communications, cultural studies, sociology and other disciplines. This is the first book to offer a systematic overview of the themes, topics and methodologies in the emerging dialogue between anthropologists studying mass communication and media analysts turning to ethnography and cultural analysis. Drawing on dozens of semiotic, ethnographic and cross-cultural studies of mass media, it offers new insights into the analysis of media texts, offers models for the ethnographic study of media production and consumption, and suggests approaches for understanding media in the modern world system. Placing the anthropological study of mass media into historical and interdisciplinary perspectives, this book examines how work in cultural studies, sociology, mass communication and other disciplines has helped shape the re-emerging interest in media by anthropologists.
FRENCH INTELLECTUALS AGAINST THE LEFT
Authors: Christofferson Michael Scott
Published: June 2024

In the latter half of the 1970s, the French intellectual Left denounced communism, Marxism, and revolutionary politics through a critique of left-wing totalitarianism that paved the way for today's postmodern, liberal, and moderate republican political options. Contrary to the dominant understanding of the critique of totalitarianism as an abrupt rupture induced by Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn's The Gulag Archipelago, Christofferson argues that French anti-totalitarianism was the culmination of direct-democratic critiques of communism and revisions of the revolutionary project after 1956. The author's focus on the direct-democratic politics of French intellectuals offers an important alternative to recent histories that seek to explain the course of French intellectual politics by France's apparent lack of a liberal tradition.
DISPUTED TERRITORIES
Authors: Wolff Stefan
Published: June 2024

Ethnic conflicts have shaped the 20th century in significant ways. While the legacy of the last century is primarily one of many unresolved conflicts, the author contends that Western Europe has a track record in containing and settling ethnic conflicts which provides valuable lessons for conflict management elsewhere. Focusing on ethno-territorial crossborder conflicts in Alsace, the Saarland, South Tyrol, and Northern Ireland, Andorra and the New Hebrides, the author develops a four-dimensional analytical framework that synthesizes the distinct factors that influence the complex relationship between host-state, kin-state, actors in the disputed territory, and in the international context.
LOUIS DUMONT AND HIERARCHICAL OPPOSITION
Authors: Parkin Robert
Published: June 2024

The work of Louis Dumont, who died in 1998, on India and modern individualism represented certain theoretical advances on the earlier structuralism of Claude Lévi-Strauss. One such advance is Dumont's idea of hierarchical opposition, which he proposed as a truer representation of indigenous ideologies than Lévi-Strauss's binary opposition. In this book the author argues that, although structuralism is often thought to have gone out of fashion, Dumont's greater concern with praxis and agency makes his own version of structuralism more contemporary. The work of his followers and fellow travelers, as well as his own, indicates that hierarchical opposition is capable of taking structuralism in new and more realistic directions, reminding us that it has never been the preserve of Lévi-Strauss alone.
FREE WILL, CONSCIOUSNESS AND SELF
Authors: Bertelsen Preben
Published: June 2024

What is it to be human? How do we relate to the world, to each other and to our self in a human – in everyday life and when faced with life’s big questions? In this book, the author develops a general theoretical model that might be able to offer a better understanding of the human condition and of the underlying principles of human behavior. The author shows that general psychology, bridging the natural sciences and the social sciences, can make a significant contribution to a general anthropology.
THE 'CONSERVATIVE REVOLUTIONARIES'
Authors: Thériault Barbara
Published: June 2024

During the forty years of division, the Protestant and Catholic churches in Germany were the only organizations to retain strong ties and organizational structures: they embodied continuity in a country marked by discontinuity. As such, the churches were both expected to undergo smooth and rapid institutional consolidation and undertake an active role in the public realm of the new eastern German states in the 1990s. Yet critical voices were heard over the West German system of church-state relations and the public role it confers on religious organizations, and critics often expressed the idea that despite all their difficulties, something precious was lost in the collapse of the German democratic republic. Against this backdrop, the author delineates the conflicting conceptions of the Protestant and Catholic churches' public role and pays special attention to the East German model, or what is generally termed the "positive experiences of the GDR and the Wende."
SIMULATED DREAMS
Authors: Hazan Haim
Published: June 2024

At the core of the author's concern stands the question of cultural transmutation in an era riddled with media channels and all-embracing messages. Fragments of the Israeli experience are pieced together in this provocative essay to provide a socio-anthropological agenda for some of the issues involved in the manufacturing of items of symbolic solidarity and common national imagery in an epoch of social disunification and cultural pastiche. The author argues that even though the aesthetic forms of major cultural idioms have unrecognizably altered and are accommodated to befit the shape and style of post-modern living, the basic programs underlying them have remained immutable. Furthermore, it is the quality of adaptability to changing aesthetic conventions that allow such symbolic corner-stones to be left unturned. The case of the youth culture is chose here as a yardstick for examining the double voice of such process - the global versus the tribal.
A VENETIAN ISLAND
Authors: Sciama Lidia
Published: June 2024

Since the extensive floods of 1966, inhabitants of Venice's laguna areas have come to share in, and reflect upon, concerns over pressing environmental problems. Evidence of damage caused by industrial pollution has contributed to the need to recover a common culture and establish a sense of continuity with "truly Venetian traditions." Based on ethnographic and archival data, this in-depth study of the Venetian island of Burano shows how its inhabitants develop their sense of a distinct identity on the basis of their notions of gender, honor and kinship relations, their common memories, their knowledge and love of their environment and their special skills in fishing and lace making.
WOMEN IN POLISH CINEMA
Authors: Mazierska Ewa , Ostrowska Elzbieta
Published: June 2024

Polish film has long enjoyed an outstanding reputation but its best known protagonists tend to be male. This book points to the important role of women as key characters in Polish films, such as the enduring female figure in Polish culture, the "Polish Mother," female characters in socialist realistic cinema, women depicted in the films of the Polish School, Solidarity heroines, and women in the films from the postcommunist period. Not less important for the success of Polish cinema are Polish women filmmakers, four of whom are presented in this volume: Wanda Jakubowska, Agnieszka Holland, Barbara Sass and Dorota Kędzierzawska, whose work is examined.
IMPERIAL GERMANY 1871-1918
Authors: Berghahn Volker R.
Published: June 2024

A comprehensive history of German society in this period, providing a broad survey of its development. The volume is thematically organized and designed to give easy access to the major topics and issues of the Bismarkian and Wilhelmine eras. The statistical appendix contains a wide range of social, economic and political data. Written with the English-speaking student in mind, this book is likely to become a widely used text for this period, incorporating as it does twenty years of further research on the German Empire since the appearance of Hans-Ulrich Wehler's classic work.
WORKING FOR THE ENEMY
Authors: Billstein Reinhold , Fings Karola , Kugler Anita , Levis Nicholas
Published: June 2024

General Motors, the largest corporation on earth today, has been the owner since 1929 of Adam Opel AG, Russelsheim, the maker of Opel cars. Ford Motor Company in 1931 built the Ford Werke factory in Cologne, now the headquarters of European Ford. In this book, historians tell the astonishing story of what happened at Opel and Ford Werke under the Third Reich, and of the aftermath today. Long before the Second World War, key American executives at Ford and General Motors were eager to do business with Nazi Germany. Ford Werke and Opel became indispensable suppliers to the German armed forces, together providing most of the trucks that later motorized the Nazi attempt to conquer Europe. After the outbreak of war in 1939, Opel converted its largest factory to warplane parts production, and both companies set up extensive maintenance and repair networks to help keep the war machine on wheels. During the war, the Nazi Reich used millions of POWs, civilians from German-occupied countries, and concentration camp prisoners as forced laborers in the German homefront economy. Starting in 1940, Ford Werke and Opel also made use of thousands of forced laborers. POWs and civilian detainees, deported to Germany by the Nazi authorities, were kept at private camps owned and managed by the companies. In the longest section of the book, ten people who were forced to work at Ford Werke recall their experiences in oral testimonies. For more than fifty years, legal and political obstacles frustrated efforts to gain compensation for Nazi-era forced labor; in the most recent case, a $12 billion lawsuit was filed against the computer giant I.B.M. by a group of Gypsy organizations. In 1998, former forced laborers filed dozens of class action lawsuits against German corporations in U.S. courts. The concluding chapter reviews the subsequent, immensely complex negotiations towards a settlement - which involved Germany, the United States, Poland, Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Czech Republic, Israel and several other countries, as well as dozens of well-known German corporations.
A STRANGER IN PARIS
Authors: Mitchell Allan
Published: June 2024

In this compact and tightly argued essay, the author maintains that the French Third Republic - and European history during this period in general - can only be understood if particular attention is paid to the special relationship that existed between France and Germany. The experience of the French people was so intimately related to that of its closest neighbor that a bilateral perspective becomes unavoidable. Without the unifying theme of Germany's crucial role in acting upon and within the French Republic, this story would become a much more random tale of events. After 1870, an autonomous national history of France is no longer possible.
NAVIGATING TERRAINS OF WAR
Authors: Vigh Henrik E.
Published: June 2024

Through the concept of "social navigation," this book sheds light on the mobilization of urban youth in West Africa. Social navigation offers a perspective on praxis in situations of conflict and turmoil. It provides insights into the interplay between objective structures and subjective agency, thus enabling us to make sense of the opportunistic, sometimes fatalistic and tactical ways in which young people struggle to expand the horizons of possibility in a world of conflict, turmoil and diminishing resources.
Eploring Determinants of Adherence to Medical Regimens in Patients with Chronic Conditions Beyond Hypertension and Diabetes
Authors:   Department of Community Medicine, SBKS MIRC, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth deemed to be university, Piparia Vadodara, PANDIT Niraj , AMIN Aneri ,   SSG Hospital and Baroda Medical College, Vadodara, DESAI Ashka ,   MPH, Boston University, USA, NIMMAGADDA Ajay ,   MPH, Thomas Jefferson University, USA
Published: June 2024

Chronic diseases are significantly increasing globally and increasing premature deaths among population. CDC has defined chronic diseases are the conditions that last 1 year or more and require ongoing medical support or limit the daily activities or both. Diabetes and hypertension are popular chronic diseases. But there are many others are also now increasing. The current study was conducted to find out the prevalence of noncompliance among chronic diseases like thyroid diseases, Asthma, COPD, Orthopedic problems and epilepsy. Also to understand the determinants factors among them. It was a hospital based cross sectional study. The sample size was calculated and it was 36 for each disease. Total 40 study participants of each disease were included. It was randomly selected the individuals diagnosed with the mentioned chronic diseases who have been diagnosed and on treatment for more than 3 years from hospital. Result: A total of 200 patients participated in the study. The study included 40 patients from each chronic disease that is thyroid disorders, COPD, Orthopedic problems, Asthma and Epilepsy. The rural population comprised 69% of the total study group. The prevalence of medical noncompliance was found in 56.5% of all the patients. People having the disease for longer period of time were more non-compliant. The study revealed that family support and regular follow up with doctor are two important determinates factors which has positive impact on compliance. Conclusion: Noncompliance to medication regimen among chronic disease patients is an important issue for public health consideration. This current study recorded an overall noncompliance level of 57.5%. The factors identified as contributing to medication noncompliance in this study were regular follow ups, family support, adequate knowledge regarding their disease and importance of taking medication with or without symptoms.
Investigational Management for a Positive NIPT Result - Case Report
Authors:   University Emergency Hospital Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania, STOICA Elena Evelina , BOHILTEA Laurentiu Camil ,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, GRADINARU-FOMETESCU Delia-Maria ,   University Emergency Hospital Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania, CIRSTOIU Monica Mihaela ,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
Published: June 2024

Non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT), since its introduction in 2011, has revolutionized prenatal screening, becoming widely used globally and replacing traditional screening methods in developed countries. The accuracy of NIPT in detecting aneuploidies is etremely high and there has been a recent trend towards improving NIPT for detecting microdeletion and microduplication syndromes, monogenic diseases, fetal se determination, and RH genotyping. Significant progress has been made in molecular analysis techniques of fetal DNA, including methods such as massively parallel sequencing, RNA-based testing, digital PCR, and single nucleotide polymorphism analysis. We present the case of a 32-year-old patient who, at 12 weeks of gestation, had a non-invasive prenatal test result showing a maternal 22q11.2 deletion. Following genetic consultation, further investigations were conducted to stratify the fetal risk of inheriting the microdeletion syndrome. As a result, microarray CGH cytoarray from amniotic fluid was performed, and no 22q11.2 deletion was detected. In this case, complete elucidation of the origin of the deletion found in NIPT could not be achieved, as it would require arrayCGH testing for the mother, a test that was not performed due to financial reasons. Given the high rate of genetic syndromes with potential impact on fetal development and familial psychological impact, we wish to emphasize the necessity of financial support from the state to introduce non-invasive prenatal testing into the list of reimbursed analyses covered by health insurance. This would enable superior testing and, implicitly, genetic prevention of all pregnancies, facilitating appropriate risk stratification of pregnancies in our country.
RE-READING PAUSANIAS, OR EUHEMERISM BEFORE AND AFTER EUHEMERUS
Authors:   Ufa University of Science and Technology, Ufa, Russia, Kruglov Evgeny A. , Podoprigora Alexandra R.
Published: June 2024

Against the background of the evolution of Greek religion and culture the article examines the main ideas of Euhemerus and his followers and the influence of these ideas on Pausanias, the Greek writer of the 2nd century AD. The understanding of old mythology and the attitude towards myths and religious images of the classical era during the Hellenistic period and in Roman times is explored. According to the authors, the differences between the deity and the revered ancestor in Greek religion have never been absolute. In the era of the collapse of polis values, the departure from the previous political, religious and ethical system, the line between God and man has become even more conditional. The authors come to the conclusion that in the «Description of Greece» Pausanias demonstrates a plurality of approaches in the presentation of myths and along with allegorical interpretations there are also purely euhemeristic views.
BASHKIR LITERARY STUDIES: THE PAST, THE PRESENT, AND THE FUTURE
Authors:   Order of the Badge of Honour Institute of History, Language and Literature UFRC RAS (Ufa), Nadergulov Minlegali Kh.
Published: June 2024

The article discusses the history and achievements of the Department of Literary Criticism, as well as the efforts to establish the science of Bashkir literature. The first attempts at analyzing the works of Bashkir authors were made at the beginning of the 20th century. The formation of the discipline of Bashkir literary criticism is closely linked to the development of the Institute of History, Language, and Literature, which was formerly known as the Society for Studying Bashkiria in 1922 and the Institute for National Culture in 1932. During the pre-war period, staff members of the department focused on works by prominent Soviet authors such as A.Tagirov, D. Yulty, and T. Yanabi. Preparations were also underway for the publication of M.Gafuri complete works and a single-volume collection of poetry by poet G.Salam. Large-scale study of the theory and history of Bashkir literature began in the 50s and 60s of the last century, when such qualified specialists as G.Z. Ramazanov, G.B. Khusainov, M.F. Gainullin and others began to work in the department. The achievements of the department’s staff are reflected in the following works: “The history of Bashkir Soviet literature. Essays” (1968, in Bashkir. spring.) and “the history of Bashkir Soviet literature “ (1977). Notable works in the study of the history and theory of national literature include A.I. Kharisov «Literary Heritage of the Bashkir People. XVIII–XIX Centuries» (1965), K.A. Akhmedyanov’s «Theory of Literature» (1971), and A.H. Vakhitov’s «Genre and Style in Bashkir Prose» (1982). S.G. Safuanov’s work on «Interethnic Relations in Bashkir Literature» (1979) and A.H. Vildanov and G.S. Kunafin’s book on «Bashkir Enlightenment Democrats of the XIX Century» (1981) are also notable. In the 1970s and ‘80s , as archaeological research began to become more systematic, the department under the guidance of Professor G.B. Khusainov began writing a multivolume history of national literature, resulting in the publication of 6 volumes of «History of Bashkir Literature» in Bashkir between 1990 and 1996. In recent years, the department staff, led by M.Kh. Nadergulov, has prepared and published «History of Bashkir Literature», in 3 volumes, in Russian. The 7th volume in the Bashkir series, dedicated to the literature of the post-Sov iet era, 3 volumes of «Anthology of Bashkir Literature», and more than 20 monographs on the theory and history of Bashkir literature. The scientific team of F.S. Fazylova and F.B. Yunusova has also prepared and published a complete work by the national poet of Bashkortostan, M. Karim, in 11 volumes.
Analysis Of Hexavalent Chromium Metal Content Of River Water By Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer
Authors: Atina Atina , Sari Suci Permata
Published: June 2024

Population growth and intensified human activities have resulted in global environmental conditions experiencing increased risks to water quality. One of the serious threats to water quality is heavy metal contamination, including hexavalent chromium metal (Cr-VI). This study aims to analyze the levels of hexavalent chromium metal (Cr-VI) in river water with an analytical method that is in accordance with SNI 6989.53: 2010, the test method using an atomic absorption spectrometer (SSA)-Nyala. Based on the analysis that has been done on 2 samples (sample A and sample B), the value of hexavalent chromium levels in sample A is 0.035 mg/L and sample B is 0.0127 mg/L. So that the results can be stated that the hexavalent chromium (Cr-VI) levels in the river water are still below the quality standards based on PP RI No. 22 of 2021 concerning the Implementation of Environmental Protection and Management so that it is categorized as safe.