bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Versatile strategies for adult neurogenesis: avenues to repair the injured brain
Authors: Zhao Junyi , Liu Siyu , Xiang Xianyuan , Zhu Xinzhou
Published: September 2023

Brain injuries due to trauma or stroke are major causes of adult death and disability. Unfortunately, few interventions are effective for post-injury repair of brain tissue. After a long debate on whether endogenous neurogenesis actually happens in the adult human brain, there is now substantial evidence to support its occurrence. Although neurogenesis is usually significantly stimulated by injury, the reparative potential of endogenous differentiation from neural stem/progenitor cells is usually insufficient. Alternatively, exogenous stem cell transplantation has shown promising results in animal models, but limitations such as poor long-term survival and inefficient neuronal differentiation make it still challenging for clinical use. Recently, a high focus was placed on glia-to-neuron conversion under single-factor regulation. Despite some inspiring results, the validity of this strategy is still controversial. In this review, we summarize historical findings and recent advances on neurogenesis strategies for neurorepair after brain injury. We also discuss their advantages and drawbacks, as to provide a comprehensive account of their potentials for further studies.
Skeletal muscle as a molecular and cellular biomarker of disease progression in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a narrative review
Authors: King Peter H.
Published: September 2023

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a fatal multisystemic neurodegenerative disease with motor neurons being a primary target. Although progressive weakness is a hallmark feature of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, there is considerable heterogeneity, including clinical presentation, progression, and the underlying triggers for disease initiation. Based on longitudinal studies with families harboring amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-associated gene mutations, it has become apparent that overt disease is preceded by a prodromal phase, possibly in years, where compensatory mechanisms delay symptom onset. Since 85–90% of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is sporadic, there is a strong need for identifying biomarkers that can detect this prodromal phase as motor neurons have limited capacity for regeneration. Current Food and Drug Administration-approved therapies work by slowing the degenerative process and are most effective early in the disease. Skeletal muscle, including the neuromuscular junction, manifests abnormalities at the earliest stages of the disease, before motor neuron loss, making it a promising source for identifying biomarkers of the prodromal phase. The accessibility of muscle through biopsy provides a lens into the distal motor system at earlier stages and in real time. The advent of “omics” technology has led to the identification of numerous dysregulated molecules in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis muscle, ranging from coding and non-coding RNAs to proteins and metabolites. This technology has opened the door for identifying biomarkers of disease activity and providing insight into disease mechanisms. A major challenge is correlating the myriad of dysregulated molecules with clinical or histological progression and understanding their relevance to presymptomatic phases of disease. There are two major goals of this review. The first is to summarize some of the biomarkers identified in human amyotrophic lateral sclerosis muscle that have a clinicopathological correlation with disease activity, evidence of a similar dysregulation in the SOD1G93A mouse during presymptomatic stages, and evidence of progressive change during disease progression. The second goal is to review the molecular pathways these biomarkers reflect and their potential role in mitigating or promoting disease progression, and as such, their potential as therapeutic targets in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Succinylation modification: a potential therapeutic target in stroke
Authors: Lian Jie , Liu Wenwu , Hu Qin , Zhang Xiaohua
Published: September 2023

Stroke is a leading cause of mortality and disability worldwide. Ischemic cell death triggered by the compromised supply of blood oxygen and glucose is one of the major pathophysiology of stroke-induced brain injury. Impaired mitochondrial energy metabolism is observed minutes after stroke and is closely associated with the progression of neuropathology. Recently, a new type of post-translational modification, known as lysine succinylation, has been recognized to play a significant role in mitochondrial energy metabolism after ischemia. However, the role of succinylation modification in cell metabolism after stroke and its regulation are not well understood. We aimed to review the effects of succinylation on energy metabolism, reactive oxygen species generation, and neuroinflammation, as well as Sirtuin 5 mediated desuccinylation after stroke. We also highlight the potential of targeting succinylation/desuccinylation as a promising strategy for the treatment of stroke. The succinylation level is dynamically regulated by the nonenzymatic or enzymatic transfer of a succinyl group to a protein on lysine residues and the removal of succinyl catalyzed by desuccinylases. Mounting evidence has suggested that succinylation can regulate the metabolic pathway through modulating the activity or stability of metabolic enzymes. Sirtuins, especially Sirtuin 5, are characterized for their desuccinylation activity and have been recognized as a critical regulator of metabolism through desuccinylating numerous metabolic enzymes. Imbalance between succinylation and desuccinylation has been implicated in the pathophysiology of stroke. Pharmacological agents that enhance the activity of Sirtuin 5 have been employed to promote desuccinylation and improve mitochondrial metabolism, and neuroprotective effects of these agents have been observed in experimental stroke studies. However, their therapeutic efficacy in stroke patients should be validated.
Regenerative medicine strategies for chronic complete spinal cord injury
Authors: Hashimoto Shogo , Nagoshi Narihito , Nakamura Masaya , Okano Hideyuki
Published: September 2023

Spinal cord injury is a condition in which the parenchyma of the spinal cord is damaged by trauma or various diseases. While rapid progress has been made in regenerative medicine for spinal cord injury that was previously untreatable, most research in this field has focused on the early phase of incomplete injury. However, the majority of patients have chronic severe injuries; therefore, treatments for these situations are of fundamental importance. The reason why the treatment of complete spinal cord injury has not been studied is that, unlike in the early stage of incomplete spinal cord injury, there are various inhibitors of neural regeneration. Thus, we assumed that it is difficult to address all conditions with a single treatment in chronic complete spinal cord injury and that a combination of several treatments is essential to target severe pathologies. First, we established a combination therapy of cell transplantation and drug-releasing scaffolds, which contributes to functional recovery after chronic complete transection spinal cord injury, but we found that functional recovery was limited and still needs further investigation. Here, for the further development of the treatment of chronic complete spinal cord injury, we review the necessary approaches to the different pathologies based on our findings and the many studies that have been accumulated to date and discuss, with reference to the literature, which combination of treatments is most effective in achieving functional recovery.
Pathological and physiological functional cross-talks of α-synuclein and tau in the central nervous system
Authors: Jin Mingyue , Wang Shengming , Gao Xiaodie , Zou Zhenyou , Hirotsune Shinji , Sun Liyuan
Published: September 2023

α-Synuclein and tau are abundant multifunctional brain proteins that are mainly expressed in the presynaptic and axonal compartments of neurons, respectively. Previous works have revealed that intracellular deposition of α-synuclein and/or tau causes many neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease. Despite intense investigation, the normal physiological functions and roles of α-synuclein and tau are still unclear, owing to the fact that mice with knockout of either of these proteins do not present apparent phenotypes. Interestingly, the co-occurrence of α-synuclein and tau aggregates was found in post-mortem brains with synucleinopathies and tauopathies, some of which share similarities in clinical manifestations. Furthermore, the direct interaction of α-synuclein with tau is considered to promote the fibrillization of each of the proteins in vitro and in vivo. On the other hand, our recent findings have revealed that α-synuclein and tau are cooperatively involved in brain development in a stage-dependent manner. These findings indicate strong cross-talk between the two proteins in physiology and pathology. In this review, we provide a summary of the recent findings on the functional roles of α-synuclein and tau in the physiological conditions and pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. A deep understanding of the interplay between α-synuclein and tau in physiological and pathological conditions might provide novel targets for clinical diagnosis and therapeutic strategies to treat neurodegenerative diseases.
Long non-coding RNA H19 regulates neurogenesis of induced neural stem cells in a mouse model of closed head injury
Authors: Gao Mou , Dong Qin , Yang Zhijun , Zou Dan , Han Yajuan , Chen Zhanfeng , Xu Ruxiang
Published: September 2023

JOURNAL/nrgr/04.03/01300535-202404000-00032/inline-graphic1/v/2023-09-09T133047Z/r/image-tiff

Stem cell-based therapies have been proposed as a potential treatment for neural regeneration following closed head injury. We previously reported that induced neural stem cells exert beneficial effects on neural regeneration via cell replacement. However, the neural regeneration efficiency of induced neural stem cells remains limited. In this study, we explored differentially expressed genes and long non-coding RNAs to clarify the mechanism underlying the neurogenesis of induced neural stem cells. We found that H19 was the most downregulated neurogenesis-associated lncRNA in induced neural stem cells compared with induced pluripotent stem cells. Additionally, we demonstrated that H19 levels in induced neural stem cells were markedly lower than those in induced pluripotent stem cells and were substantially higher than those in induced neural stem cell-derived neurons. We predicted the target genes of H19 and discovered that H19 directly interacts with miR-325-3p, which directly interacts with Ctbp2 in induced pluripotent stem cells and induced neural stem cells. Silencing H19 or Ctbp2 impaired induced neural stem cell proliferation, and miR-325-3p suppression restored the effect of H19 inhibition but not the effect of Ctbp2 inhibition. Furthermore, H19 silencing substantially promoted the neural differentiation of induced neural stem cells and did not induce apoptosis of induced neural stem cells. Notably, silencing H19 in induced neural stem cell grafts markedly accelerated the neurological recovery of closed head injury mice. Our results reveal that H19 regulates the neurogenesis of induced neural stem cells. H19 inhibition may promote the neural differentiation of induced neural stem cells, which is closely associated with neurological recovery following closed head injury.
Investigating the Brain Activity Correlates of Humming Bee Sound during Bhramari Pranayama
Authors: Khajuria Aayushi , Malan Nitesh Singh , Bajpai Rishabh , Kapoor Dimpy , Mishra Ashish , Harti Shivkumar S. , Kulkarni Medha , Joshi Deepak
Published: September 2023

Context:

Previous research has shown the vast benefits associated with BhP. However, the dynamics of cortical activity in connection with Bhramari sound have not been investigated yet.

Aim:

To investigate the cortical activity in connection with Bhramari sound.

Settings and Design:

Humming sound was analyzed with a custom-made nasal device consisting of MAX4466 sensor time synchronized with the EEG setup. We anticipated that the modulation of cortical activity with the humming sound (either of long or short durations) leaves its effects after the Pranayama, which helps to understand the positive impacts of BhP.

Methods and Material:

30 participants were instructed to perform the BhP for a period of 90 seconds. We proposed to investigate the cortical correlates before, during, and after the BhP through EEG. A custom-made nasal device consisting of MAX4466 sensor time synchronized with the EEG setup was used for analyzing the humming sound.

Statistical Analysis Used:

A paired t-test (P < 0.05) with a Bonferroni correction is carried out to explore the statistically significant difference in power spectral density (PSD) values.

Results:

Results show that the relative spectral power in theta band for short humming durations (less than or equal to 9 seconds) was similar on the frontal cortex during and after the Pranayama practice (P > 0.05) in most of the subjects.

Conclusions:

In conclusion, for the immediate positive effects of BhP, the humming duration should be kept less than or equal to 9 seconds. A wearable sound recording system can be developed in the future as a feedback system that provides biofeedback to the user so that a constant humming duration can be maintained.
Prognosticating Acute Ischemic Stroke and Estimating the Feasibility of Mapping Stroke Volume to the Functional Outcomes Using Diffusion-Weighted Images: A Systematic Review Protocol
Authors: Shridharan Priyanka , Gangil Tarun , Gorthi Sankar Prasad , Prakashini K
Published: September 2023

Introduction:

Diffusion-weighted image or DWI is commonly used to provide valuable and diverse information on acute stroke in tertiary care hospitals. DWI is a sensitive and accurate method for identifying the infarct core and can expose the area of cerebral infarction within a few hours of onset. This systematic review is planned to evaluate the measurement of stroke volume on DWI and correlate it with functional outcomes (modified ranking scale).

Method:

We have adhered to the PRISMA-P checklist to report this systematic review protocol. PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and TRIP (Turning Research into Practice) databases will be searched. Two independent reviewers will screen the records, extract data, and critically appraise the studies. A checklist for critical appraisal will be applied for data abstraction, and data extraction will be done using predictive modeling for systematic reviews. The risk of bias will be measured by the Prediction Model Risk of Bias Assessment Tool (PROBAST). The meta-analysis will be considered only if included studies have adequate data, and STATA statistical package version 13.1 will be used for performing a meta-analysis. A narrative synthesis will be performed if meta-analysis is not possible.

Ethics and Dissemination:

As this review will focus on secondary information, there is no ethical consideration required. We will disseminate our findings by publishing our analysis in a peer-reviewed journal.

Protocol Registration:

In Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (CRD42019141840).
Generic Tacrolimus in Kidney Transplant Patients at Jordan University Hospital
Authors: Wahbeh Ayman M. , Wahbeh Lina Ayman
Published: September 2023

Background:

Tacrolimus is the immunosuppressive drug of choice for kidney transplant patients, but its cost is very high in the total drug cost for patients with renal disease. Lower drug costs can be achieved with generic tacrolimus. For this reason, the Ministry of Health mandated to implementation of a switch to generic form and so we wanted to evaluate whether a switch could be safely performed and to observe the effect of this on kidney function.

Subjects and Methods:

In this observational study, 28 stable kidney transplant patients taking Prograf®(Astellas) were switched to a generic Pangraf®(Pancea) in a 1:1 dose ratio and were followed up for 6 months. Plasma creatinine levels and trough concentrations of tacrolimus were recorded three times on Prograf® and weekly for 4 weeks, then monthly after conversion to Pangraf®.

Results:

Tacrolimus mean C0 levels were 6.97 ± 0.92 ng/mL before and 7.4 ± 1.23 ng/mL after conversion (P = 0.22). Mean serum creatinine values were 1.13 ± 0.53 mg/dL and 1.15 ± 0.54 mg/dL before and after conversion, respectively (P = 0.27).

Conclusion:

Switching from branded tacrolimus to generic tacrolimus seems possible and safe, but close monitoring is essential.
Intraoperative Radiological Imaging: An Update on Modalities in Trauma and Orthopedic Surgery
Authors: Afzali Mahtab , Shojaie Parham , Iyengar Karthikeyan. P. , Nischal Neha , Botchu Rajesh
Published: September 2023

Intraoperative radiological imaging plays a key role in the management algorithm of patient care. Different intraoperative modalities have applications in the diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring of patient affected by various medical or surgical conditions. Advances in technology, computer software, and integration of various radiological modalities have extended the applications of intraoperative imaging in health care. Intraoperative radiological imaging have evolved from the initial use of conventional fluoroscopy to current innovations of computed tomography (CT) such as three-dimensional cone-beam CT and magnetic resonance-based imaging. In fact, intraoperative imaging has become integral to most of trauma and orthopedic procedures. Apart from their role in diagnosis of a spectrum of orthopedic conditions like prosthetic joint infection, imaging systems assist orthopedic surgeons to perform minimally invasive procedures, improving patient safety and also enabling higher accuracy and lower revision rates. More importantly, advances in technologies are essential in safeguarding radiation safety regulations, thereby reducing the radiation dose to the patient and surgical team. Integration of various imaging technologies, improving quality of image acquisition, reduction of radiation dose, and seamless image transfer to allow decision-making process are crucial in the delivery of effective patient care.
Ultrasound-Guided Joint Injections: Tips and Tricks
Authors: Lorenzzoni Pablo Longhi , Patel Sanjay
Published: September 2023

Joint injections have emerged as a crucial aspect of a radiologist’s role, regularly employed for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. Ultrasound guidance is an invaluable tool in this regard, due to its accessibility, low cost, and absence of radiation. Pain relief through the use of corticosteroids, local anesthetics, or viscosupplements, joint aspiration in cases of suspected infection, and contrast injection for arthrography are all common indications for these procedures. In this article, we aim to provide guidance for common joint procedures (as well as one nonjoint but frequently performed procedure) while also revealing some valuable trade secrets and tips.
Transient Dynamic Left Ventricular Outflow Tract Obstruction
Authors: Ganesan Gnanavelu , Govindaraj Ashok , Sangareddi Venkatesan
Published: September 2023

Dynamic left ventricular outflow (LVOT) obstruction has been classically described in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). The hypertrophy of the basal septum and systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve leaflet (SAM) cause dynamic LVOT obstruction. In addition, HCM also shows speckled appearance of myocardium and LVOT obstruction is persistent, although to a varying degree. Several other conditions cause the echocardiographic finding of dynamic LVOT obstruction like postoperative patients with hypovolemia, post aortic valve replacement (AVR) or mitral valve repair, hyperdynamic left ventricle and acute anteroapical myocardial infarction. We report two patients who had transient dynamic left ventricular outflow obstruction one with hypertension, mitral valve prolapse associated with hypovolemia and anaemia and another with vomiting and hypovolemia.
Single Ventricle with Infective Endocarditis and Brain Abscess: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Kongunattan K. Venkatesan , Ravi M. S. , Swaminathan N. , Ravishankar G. , Venkatesan S. , Saravanababu S.
Published: September 2023

Right-sided valve endocarditis is usually uncommon. Pulmonary valve endocarditis with septic emboli as the complication of a rare congenital heart disease is even unusual. Herein, we report a case of a 27-year-old male congenital cyanotic heart disease with pulmonary valve endocarditis presenting with 5 days history of fever and headache. Echocardiography demonstrated double-inlet left ventricle with hypoplastic right ventricle with discordant origin of great arteries. In addition, multiple mobile vegetations in the pulmonary valve are also seen. Brain imaging revealed cerebral abscess. The occurrence of pulmonary valve endocarditis and cerebral abscess in a case of single ventricle is very rarely reported.
A Rare Case of Infective Endocarditis with Multiple Vegetations and Invasion of Papillary Muscle
Authors: Jino V. Blessvin , Mary Majella J. Cecily , Nageswaran C. , Gnanavelu G. , Swaminathan N. , Venkatesan S.
Published: September 2023

Infective endocarditis (IE) is a life threatening infection of cardiac valves leading to high mortality, if it is not recognized earlier and promptly treated. Usually, IE affects single cardiac valve. Angry looking vegetations at multiple sites and vegetations invading the papillary muscles are rare. Such involvement is associated with even higher mortality. Here we present a case of Infective endocarditis with multiple vegetations involving mitral valve, aortic valve and papillary muscle of left ventricle with heart failure who was successfully treated with antibiotics and heart failure drugs and subsequently with double valve replacement. Patient was hemodynamically stable after surgery and is on regular follow-up.
Carotid Ultrasound for Cardiovascular Risk Prediction: From Intima-media Thickness to Carotid Plaques
Authors: Kasliwal Ravi R. , Kaushik Mansi , Grewal Hardeep Kaur , Bansal Manish
Published: September 2023

Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and nonstenotic carotid plaques are established measures of subclinical atherosclerosis and are useful for prediction of future cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Compared with CIMT, the incremental predictive value of carotid plaques is more robust. Although the guidelines differ, carotid ultrasound-based assessment of CIMT and carotid plaques has a role in risk stratification and management of asymptomatic individuals who present with one or more CVD risk factors. The presence of significantly elevated CIMT or carotid plaque burden should lead to reclassification of the individuals into high-risk category with the appropriate intensification of the risk reduction measures. In addition, demonstration of increased CIMT and/or presence of the plaques may also help in improving patients' health behavior and their compliance toward antiatherosclerotic measures. In future, plaque progression/regression assessment by three-dimensional ultrasound and the use of contrast agents may further enhance the utility of carotid ultrasound for monitoring the clinical course of atherosclerotic vascular disease.
A Common Variant of Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome
Authors: Banerji Ishita
Published: September 2023

Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) includes a group of closely related anomalies characterized by severe hypoplasia of the left-sided structures of the heart including rudimentary left ventricle, combinations of mitral and aortic valve stenosis, or atresia with diminutive ascending aorta and aortic arch. Here, the case of a 10-day-old male baby with a variant of HLHS is being reported.
Potential Impact and Challenges of Implementing Artificial Intelligence in the Romanian Healthcare System
Authors: Fitzek Sebastian , Choi Кyung-Eun (Anna)
Published: September 2023

This literature review assesses the prospective implications and advantages of incorporating artificial intelligence (AI) within the healthcare infrastructure of Romania. By exploring the literature on AI applications in healthcare, the article aims to identify opportunities and challenges in adopting AI-driven technologies in the Romanian context. The review findings suggest that AI holds significant promise in improving the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment processes, while also presenting several ethical and logistical challenges. The article concludes with recommendations for future research and strategies to ensure the responsible implementation of AI technologies in the Romanian healthcare system.
Superficial siderosis presenting as hemiparesis in a paediatric patient with congenital Factor V deficiency – A case report.
Authors: Mendiratta Pushkar , Sahu Samaresh , Mohimen Aneesh
Published: September 2023

Superficial siderosis is a rare abnormality caused by deposition of hemosiderin in the subpial or subarachnoid spaces of the brain, cranial nerves, and spinal cord. It results from chronic repetitive bleeding in the subpial/subarachnoid space. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain is the diagnostic modality of choice. We describe a rare case of an 18-month-old male, a known case of congenital Factor V deficiency, who presented with recurrent vomiting, irritability and right-sided hemiparesis. On Magnetic resonance imaging, there was hypointense coating of the surface of the brainstem and cerebellum with ventricular dilatation. This case emphasizes the fact that superficial siderosis should be specifically looked for when evaluating a patient with a history of previous intracranial bleed followed by a thorough search for the source of the hemorrhage.
Pandemi Sürecinde Hemşirelik Öğrencilerinin Algıladıkları Stres Düzeyi ile Uyku Kalitesi Arasındaki İlişki
Authors: PEHLİVAN KÖKSAL Zeynep , ALTAY Gamzegül , YILMAZ YAVUZ Ayten
Published: September 2023

Giriş: COVID-19 pandemisinde ortaya çıkan yeni yaşam tarzı ve salgını kontrol altına almak için alınan önlemler, bireylerin yoğun stres yaşamalarına ve uyku kalitelerinin azalmasına neden olmaktadır.
Amaç: Bu çalışmada, hemşirelik öğrencilerinin pandemi sürecinde algıladıkları stres düzeyi ile uyku kalitesi arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemek amaçlanmıştır.
Yöntem: Çalışma, bir devlet üniversitesinin hemşirelik bölümünde aktif öğrenim görmekte olan ve çalışmaya katılmayı kabul eden 229 lisans öğrencisi ile tanımlayıcı olarak yapıldı. Araştırmanın verileri, “Tanıtıcı Bilgiler Formu’’, “Algılanan Stres Ölçeği (ASÖ)’’ ve “Pittsburg Uyku Kalitesi İndeksi (PUKİ)’’ kullanılarak online olarak toplandı.
Bulgular: Öğrencilerin ASÖ toplam puan ortalamaları 15.36±5.08 olup, %73.4’ü kötü uyku kalitesine sahiptir. PUKİ toplam puanı ile ASÖ toplam puanı arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı, pozitif yönlü ve orta düzeyli bir ilişki vardır. Uzaktan eğitim sürecinde teorik ve uygulamalı dersleri anlama, kavrama ve katılma güçlüğü yaşayan, pandemi sürecinin stres düzeyini arttırdığını ve uyku alışkanlıklarını değiştirdiğini düşünen öğrencilerin ASÖ ve PUKİ puanlarının daha yüksek olduğu bulundu.
Sonuç: Pandemi sürecinde hemşirelik öğrencilerinin algılanan stres düzeyleri arttıkça uyku kalitelerinin azaldığı saptandı. Pandemi sürecinde hemşirelik öğrencilerine yönelik stres yönetimini sağlayıcı uygulamaların ve seçmeli derslerin müfredata eklenmesi gerektiği düşünülmektedir.
Identification of teaching and learning components of a telepharmacy training module for undergraduate pharmacy students in Malaysia: A qualitative study
Authors: Isamuddin Nur Syarah , Elnaem Mohamed Hassan , Tengku Mohd Kamil Tengku Karmila , Mohamed Nazar Nor Ilyani
Published: September 2023

Background: Telepharmacy is a pharmaceutical care service provided by qualified pharmacists via telecommunication, meant to reach particularly remote patients. Although telepharmacy was introduced several years ago, the curriculum for providing telepharmacy services is scarcely developed in many pharmacy schools in Malaysia. As a result, pharmacy students might lack the knowledge and skills to offer telepharmacy services to the community.
Objective: This study aimed to identify the principal teaching and learning components to be included in a telepharmacy training module for undergraduate pharmacy students.
Methods: Using a validated interview guide, the study applied a qualitative method that involved one-on-one interviews with students, academicians, and pharmacy practitioners. Ethics approval was obtained before data collection between October 2022 and January 2023. The data were analysed using NVIVO software.
Results: Ten final-year pharmacy students, three academicians, and four pharmacy practitioners were interviewed until responses reached saturation. Four key themes were identified from the interview: the conduct of telepharmacy training, the learning components of the module, the skills required for telepharmacy, and the infrastructure for training.
Conclusion: The emerging themes can potentially be used in developing the telepharmacy training module to improve the knowledge and skills of telepharmacy among undergraduate pharmacy students.
THE PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF ASHRU VEGA AVRODH IN HRIDAY ROGA W.S.R
TO STRESS-INDUCED HEART DISEASE
Authors: - Deepika , Dimri Ashwani , Semalti Hemant
Published: September 2023

Numerous metabolic disorders have emerged as a result of significant lifestyle changes over the years. Heart disease brought on by stress has always been a serious global health concern. Unhealthy Lifestyle (Apathya Vihar)
and Stress are the two unavoidable risk factors for heart disease. Ayurveda considers the urges (Adharniya vega)
as a cause of many diseases. Ashru vega Dharan for a longer time leads to diseases related to the heart. Although
in the Ayurvedic classics, none of the Acharyas have given any clear description regarding the formation of Ashru
and its Vegaavrodh. The lack of data drives the need to define the concept of Ashruvega avrodh in terms of fundamental Ayurvedic principles.
AYURVEDA BASED LIFESTYLE MODIFICATION IN PRE-DIABETES
A SHORT REVIEW
Authors: Prabhu Desai Sidhi , S Tonni Sanjeev , M S Keertan
Published: September 2023

1. Objectives- Ayurveda, a science of well-being has been dealing with a holistic approach towards every dis-ease since time immemorial. Diabetes mellitus has been described in Ayurveda as Prameha. Pre-diabetes, which is usually considered as purvarupa avastha (prodromal stage) of Prameha (Diabetes mellitus) is also viewed in the same manner. An effort has been made to compile all the non-pharmacological therapies that can have a therapeutic effect on Pre-diabetes.
2. Methodology- Detailed literary review was done by reviewing various Ayurvedic classical texts & databases.
3. Results- Various references were found in Ayurveda for non-pharmacological management of Pre-diabetes, which demarcates the importance rendered to lifestyle modification in today’s era.
4. Conclusion- Along with the various treatment modalities, pathya- apathya (wholesome- unwholesome foods), vyayama (exercise) & changes in the lifestyle has been well explained in the classical texts of Ayur-veda. In today’s accelerating world, the basic concepts & practices of Dinacharya (day wise social conducts) & Rutucharya (season wise social conducts) are easily ignored due to lack of time & laziness. Also, the die-tetics rules and methods, fibre rich & quality food has been replaced with fast food, fattening & sweetened foods. Also, Yoga, a precious gift to the Indian subcontinent remains less explored by the citizens of the country where this ancient science has had deep seated roots. A cultural shift from rural to urban has changed the food & lifestyle habits of the population as a whole. Also, the attitude of individuals has changed, from finding solace & satisfaction to being driven to the highest ambitions. All these factors are equally responsi-ble for disrupting the metabolism of the individual & causing various non-communicable diseases. Pre-diabetes is one such disease that can only be corrected with a modification in the lifestyle.
A CONCEPTUAL STUDY OF VIRUDDHA AHARA AND ITS ROLE IN MANIFESTATION OF FOOD POISOINING W.S.R. TO FOOD ADULTERATION
Authors: Panthi Sheetal , Bhagat Sangeeta , Inchulkar S.R. , Kaushik Yuvraj
Published: September 2023

Samhita offers several guidelines for maintaining the overall health of humanity. These fundamental principles
offer advice on how to preserve sound physical and mental health; Samhita law stresses many facets of sickness
and its treatment. Ahara is one of the foundations of life for healthy well-being in Ayurveda since it believes that
prevention is better than cure. When ingested properly, Ahara will aid in preventing disease, however an improper
dietary pattern may result in pathological diseases. Ayurveda also defined "Viruddha-Ahara," which indicates incompatible foods accountable for pathogenic initiation, in light of the importance of Ahara to a healthy lifestyle.
One of the fundamental ideas in medical research is that some foods should not be consumed together.
TOPICAL MANAGEMENT OF NON-HEALING WOUND WITH PROPRIETARY
AYURVEDIC CREAM FORMULATION: A CASE STUDY
Authors: Prakash Redkar Pranav
Published: September 2023

A chronic non-healing wound is a wound that does not heal in an orderly set of stages and in a predictable amount
of time the way most wounds do; wounds that do not heal within three months are often considered chronic.
Chronic wounds are difficult to heal and take their own time to do so. These wounds cause patients severe emotional and physical stress and create a significant financial burden on patients and the whole healthcare system.
Non-healing ulcers i.e., Dushta vrana mentioned in Ayurveda can be treated effectively with the help of Ayurvedic formulations. Based on the line of treatment prescribed in the Samhitas, a proprietary Ayurvedic formulation
Heal+ Cream was developed that includes- Jatyadi Tail, Vrana Ropan Tail, Panchavalkala, Mandukaparni (Centella asiatica), Yashtimadhu (Glycyrrhiza glabra), Nimb (Azadirachta Indica), Lodhra (Symplocos racemosa),
Lajjalu (Mimosa pudica), Shala (Shorea robusta), Yashada bhasma (Zinc oxide) and used to treat such a patient
of non-healing Wound in this case study. A case study revealed that Heal+ cream is having mode of action collaborated with Vrana shodhan, Vrana ropan, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antibacterial. After the use of
Heal+ Cream, the patients with non-healing wounds showed significant improvement regarding the healing of the
Wound without any adverse local effects with the restoration of skin structures and health.
A MANAGEMENT OF SHWITRA BY AYURVEDIC MEDICINES – A CASE STUDY
Authors: Sajwan Reena , Chandra Tiwari Ramesh , Dikshit Manisha , Sharma Ved Bhushan , Mittal Bhawana
Published: September 2023

Skin disorders are common manifestation in present era and Shwitra being one of them, affects not only the quality of life but also the psychological state of mind, social wellbeing and economic growth of a person. This disease has become a major social embarrassment and economic burden for the patient. Thus, the following article discusses the method of treatment of the disease using Ayurvedic treatment methods including Shaman Aushadhi (Kushtahar yog, Kandughana churna and Dooshivishari gulika etc). Based on the signs and symptoms observed in the patient, a treatment protocol was advised. It can become a new way to achieve effective and safe care treatment and to show a significant improvement in a patient’s condition. A 66year old male diagnosed with vitiligo vulgaris (Shwitra), presented with complaints of an increasing area and number of depigmented patches specifically over face which were treated by following the Ayurveda principles. On the basis of the patient’s condition, Prakruti and Samprapti ghatak (pathological factors) a treatment protocol was designed which includes the Shamana chikitsa. The combination of various powdered herbs like Bakuchi churna, Kusthahar yog, Vishaghan churna, Panchatikta ghrita guggulu, khadirarishta were advised to the patients with proper dietary instructions and restrictions. The treatment protocol was found to be effective in the reversal of depigmented patches to re-pigmentation and it could be extended in future cases by using different combinations of drugs based upon the different Ayurvedic parameters to obtain even better results. It showed marked improvement in the patient’s condition. According to one’s prakruti and combinations of various potential ingredients, diets and lifestyle recommendations, it worked on the overall disease management. The management strategy was efficacious in recovery of the patients with the improvement in the re-pigmentation. The case was treated with compound Ayurvedic medicines over a period of 6 months with remarkable improvement which is evident from the inspection and photographs. The outcome of this clinical study will reveal further the effect of Ayurvedic medicine in vitiligo.
CASE STUDY ON VISHADA AND ITS MANAGEMENT
Authors: B Siddapur Vijayalaxmi , Karlwad Manjula
Published: September 2023

Mind is also one of the three basic pillars of life along with body and consciousness. Ayurveda gives prime importance
to positive mental health. Anything that disturbs the balance of body and mind is known to produce a disease. In
Ayurveda, more importance is given to the mental health of the rogi. Ayu is defined as the combined state of
Shareera, Indriya, Satwa, and Atma. Here Satwa refers to Manas. Vishada means Sadness or fear which Rajasa
and Tamasa doshas are increased. Lakshanas of Vishada in ayurveda can be Kayika, Vachika, and Manasika lakshanas. It is caused by the vitiation of Vata (Sharirika dosha) and Raja (Manasika dosha). Vitiation of Vata and
Raja gets seated in Hridya (Heart) and ultimately causes vitiation of mind (Vibhrama) which finally leads to Vishada. Depression isn’t the same as being sad. It’s normal to feel blue or unmotivated from time to time, but depression is more constant. Its a serious mood disorder that can negatively impact health and quality of life, as well
as those closest to you.
MANAGEMENT OF ASTHI-MAJJAGATA VATA VYADHI : A CASE STUDY
Authors: S. Kalyani Shivaleela , Honawad C.R. , Pungaliya Radhika
Published: September 2023

Asthimajjagata Vata is a Vatavyadhi in which vitiated Vata accumulate in Asthivaha and Majjavaha Srotasa
where already Kha Vaigunya has been developed due to etiological factors. In Brihattrayee symptoms of Asthigata Vata and Majjagata Vata described together as they are closely related to each other. In Charak Samhita
and Ashtang Hridaya, Acharya stated that Asthimajjagata Vata can be cured by internal and external application
of Sneha. Basti is one of the ways of internal administration of Sneha. Spondylosis is one of the most common
forms of joint disease. Most of the time it falls under the concept of Vatavyadhi mainly due to vitiating Vatdosha
further results in Dhatukshaya. Basically, this disease contains Asthi and Majja Dhatu. This disease limits our
daily activities such as walking, running, standing, dressing, cycling, bathing, etc., which makes the patient sick
or disabled. It is Kashtasadhya Vatavyadhi due to intense pain and limited joint movements. Here we discuss the
case report of Asthimajjgat Vatavyaddhi which is the best treated with Ayurvedic concepts as described by Acharyas in Vatavyadhi Chikitsa Adhyaya.
OUTCOME EVALUATION OF PANCHVALKAL KWATH GANDUSHA ON POOR
ORAL HYGIENE: A CASE REPORT
Authors: Pandey Shweta , Kumar Soni Rajendra , BhushanPandey Vidya , Bhatnagar Sharad
Published: September 2023

Poor oral hygiene is a common complaint of the youth of the present world. Improper time management and lazy
behavior toward cleanliness may affect the oral hygiene of an individual. 33% of Indian youth are affected by
poor oral hygiene. In this case study, a 32-year-old adult presents with gum swelling, discoloration of teeth, and
persistent bad odor from mouth for 2 months, history reflected negligence behavior towards oral care. The patient's present status was quantified on the index of oral hygiene (OHI) having Debris Index (DI) and Calculus
Index (CI). OHI before treatment resulted in a score of 3.85 reflecting poor oral hygiene and after doing Gandusha (~holding the medicated liquid in mouth) with PanchvalkalKwatha for 30 days, the OHI reduced to 2.67 reflecting fair oral hygiene. Gandusha is a conventional treatment method for improving various oral ailments as
per Ayurveda while PanchvalkalKwatha (~dry mixture of 5 medicines) has an established antibacterial activity
whose effect corrects the swelling and bad odor and continuous use helps in Lekhaniya (~therapeutic scrapping)
property reduces the debris impacted to give discoloration to the tooth, Rukshaguna (~dry property) and
Kashayarasa (~astringent taste) of all the drugs reduces vitiated Kaphadosha resulting in the improved oral hygiene.
YOUTUBE ANALYTIC SUITE
Authors: Roshini R S  , Sakthi S M  , Kanishka D
Published: September 2023

The modern digital era has witnessed an exponential rise in online video content, with YouTube emerging as the dominant platform for sharing and consuming videos across diverse domains. As the volume of videos continues to grow exponentially, users often find themselves facing a time constraint when attempting to assimilate the wealth of information available on YouTube. The challenge lies in efficiently comprehending the content without dedicating the entirety of the video's duration. To address this problem, we propose the development of a comprehensive system that incorporates various technologies to extract transcripts, generate concise summaries, perform sentiment analysis, and store the responses in a database. The system also includes a user-friendly interface for easy input and output.
Digital Design and its Prospects in Higher Education
Authors: Santhosh Notagar
Published: September 2023

Digital design has emerged as a transformative force in higher education, reshaping the way students learn and educators teach. This abstract highlights the significance of digital design in higher education and its potential prospects for the future of learning Digital design encompasses a wide range of visual content creation using digital tools, such as graphic design, web design, animation, and multimedia production. digital design offers personalized learning opportunities, enhances engagement, and prepares students for success in a technology-driven world. Despite its potential, challenges remain. Digital literacy among faculty and students, technological infrastructure, quality assurance, and data security are critical considerations for successful implementation in higher education. In conclusion, digital design holds tremendous promise for higher education, offering opportunities for innovation, cost-effectiveness, and improved learning outcomes. Embracing digital design can prepare students for a technology-driven world and equip them with essential skills to thrive in a rapidly evolving job market. As higher education institutions invest in digital design, they can create the way for a transformative and inclusive learning landscape, shaping a brighter future for learners and educators alike. In this study, we will use critical and content analysis to uncover challenges and opportunities in higher education for digital design course implementation. Using a questionnaire of 200 students taking this course at their university and 200 students not taking the digital design course, the study will aim to identify the advantages and disadvantages of both two. We also explored the advantages of universities that have this course in them
Assessing Information Security Governance in Public Sector Banks of India
Authors: Koli J. Mohan  , Saini A. K
Published: September 2023

Purpose of the study: This study aims to investigate and analyze the Information Security governance practices within banks. Design/methodology/approach: This is a Survey-based study. Employees of State Bank of India in Delhi region were the participants of the study. Findings: The findings of the study will contribute to the existing body of knowledge on information security governance in the banking sector. Research limitations: Small sample size and lack of funds for performing comprehensive quantitative study are the limitations of the study. Practical implications: Regulatory compliance, incident response, and data recovery are all a part of this process, as well as risk assessment and management, policy and procedure creation, security awareness and training, security controls and technology, and more. Public sector organizations may improve their security posture and better secure their information assets by adopting a systematic approach to information security governance. Social implications: Data protection, service protection, privacy, fighting cybercrime, public trust, and economic impact are only few of the societal effects of researching information security governance in public sector organizations. Organizations in the public sector can reduce the risk of financial and reputational damage as well as secure sensitive information by employing best practices in information security. Originality/value: The research outcomes will help identify areas of improvement, highlight effective practices, and provide recommendations for enhancing information security governance within banks. Ultimately, this study contributes to the development of robust Information Security governance frameworks that can protect sensitive data, mitigate risks, ensure regulatory compliance, and maintain the trust and confidence of customers and stakeholders in the banking industry.
REMINDEE - A Break Time Reminder Application
Authors: Vijaya Kumar S  , Jeenath Laila N  , Dr G Tamilpavai
Published: September 2023

The usage of mobile devices has been steadily increasing, with the average time spent on mobile devices exceeding 4.5 hours per day in 2022, leading to negative impacts on users' health. In response to this issue, the REMINDEE project was developed to create a mobile app using Flutter that promotes regular breaks from screen time. The app encourages users to take short breaks, following the 20-20-20 rule, which involves looking away from the screen every 20 minutes, for 20 seconds, at an object that is 20 feet away. During break time, the app blocks all actions on the device, ensuring that the user cannot continue using the device. The project aims to reduce screen time and encourage users to take regular breaks, which can help reduce eye strain, prevent headaches, and improve overall health. The app also allows users to customize their break time, set reminders, and view their usage statistics to help monitor their progress. Ultimately, the REMINDEE project aims to promote healthy screen time habits, allowing users to maintain their health and well-being while still staying connected to their devices.
Study Habits Of Secondary Students Of North 24 Parganas District: a Comparative Study Among Girls And Boy
Authors: Mrs. Dipika Nandi
Published: September 2023

The study was conducted to compare the study habits of secondary girls’ and boys’ students of North 24 Pargana district. The sample of 90girls’ and boys’ students of class 11th was selected from 10 + 2 schools of North 24 Parganas district. Tools for collecting data include study habit scale for 10th to 12th class students constructed and standardized by Dimple Rani and M.L. Jaidka (2015). The data were analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. From the present study it has been observed that there is significant difference of student’s study habit according to their gender (male and female). The finding of the study may be used in planning of many programs. Itmay help research for the study.