bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Методологічні засади дослідження неформальних комунікацій (на прикладі чуток, що поширюються у соціальних медіа)
Authors: Юркова О. А.
Published: January 2023

Неформальні комунікації набувають особливої ваги в умовах інформаційного суспільства, впливових соціальних мереж та постмодерного суспільства. Наукове дослідження неформальних комунікацій вимагає відповідної методології. Предметом дослідження стали методологічні підходи до вивчення неформальних соціальних комунікацій. Мета статті – окреслити їх у контексті як загальнонаукових методів (аналіз, синтез, узагальнення) та підходів (системний, соціокомунікативний підходи), так і специфічних методів, які характеризують соціальні комунікації у сучасному постмодерному світі. Системний підхід до дослідження було забезпечено завдяки аналізу методів, застосованих в українських та зарубіжних наукових роботах, та синтезу для розуміння процесу їх вивчення в цілому. Соціокомунікативний підхід застосовано для виокремлення методів вивчення неформальних комунікацій з соціокомунікативної точки зору.
Based on the Improved Yolov5 Cotton Top Bud Recognition Algorithm
Authors: Xi Guangze , Zhou Jianping , Xu Yan , Wang Xiaorong
Published: January 2023

Aiming at the problems that the parameters of YOLOv5s model are too large and the computing resources of development board memory are limited, a new target detection method based on deep learning YOLOv5 algorithm model is proposed. First, the light-weight module Gz-ShffleNetv2 is used to construct cotton top bud feature extraction unit, which reduces the number of parameters and improves the running speed. It can be better applied in image classification, speed up detection and meet the requirements of mobile end of development board. Secondly, in order to solve the problem of decreasing detection accuracy caused by lightweight, BotNet and C3SE attention mechanism are added to focus on specific areas of cotton terminal bud. Combined with YYG loss function XIOU boundary frame regression loss, more feature information and rich feature MAP were obtained to further improve the accuracy of target detection. Through analysis of research and experimental results, the average accuracy map reached 91.3% under the Windos system NVIDIA Geforce RTX 2060 SUPER detection. While maintaining high precision identification, the number of parameters of YOLOv6 and YOLOv7-tiny network model is reduced by 83% and 53%, respectively, and the detection accuracy is increased by 1.2% and 7.7%, respectively. Compared with YOLOv5 reasoning image, the speed of image is increased by 0.035s, and the detection accuracy of MAP_0.5:0.95 is increased by 1%. At the same time, PyQt5 and YOLOv5 target detection algorithms are used to design a cotton top bud identification system, which makes cotton top bud detection more intuitive and convenient for subsequent hardware development and use.
Relationship between Protein Digestibility and the Proteolysis of Legume Proteins during Seed Germination
Authors: Bera Indrani , O'Sullivan Michael , Flynn Darragh , Shields Denis C.
Published: January 2023

Legume seed protein is an important source of nutrition, but it is less digestible than animal protein. Poor protein digestibility in legume seeds and seedlings may partly reflect defences against herbivores. Protein changes during germination typically increase proteolysis and digestibility, by lowering the levels of anti-nutrient protease inhibitors, activating proteases, and breaking down storage proteins (including allergens). Germinating legume sprouts also show striking increases in free amino acids (especially asparagine), but their roles in host defence or other processes are not known. While the net effect of germination is generally to increase the digestibility of legume seed proteins, the extent of improvement in digestibility is species and strain dependent. Further research is needed to highlight which changes contribute the most to improved digestibility of sprouted seeds. Such knowledge could guide the selection of varieties that are more digestible, and also guide the development of food preparations that are more digestible, potentially combining germination with other factors altering digestibility, such as heating and fermentation. Techniques to characterize the shifts in protein make-up, activity and degradation during germination need to draw on traditional analytical approaches, complemented by proteomic and peptidomic analysis of mass spectrometry identified peptide breakdown products.
Operational Services for Islamic Education Subjects at Elementary School
Authors: Mubarok Husni , Astini Baiq Ida , Nikmah Faridatun , Rahmadi Imam Fitri
Published: January 2023

Operational services have a crucial role in education to develop and improve the quality of students. Operational services for Islamic education subjects at the elementary level in Indonesia have not been maximized, so the student is still low in Islamic education subjects at all levels of education. The purpose of this article is to find out 1) the concept of operational services for Islamic Education subjects in Elementary Schools; 2) the implementation of operational services for Islamic Education subjects at Elementary Schools in Pati Regency, and 3) the supporting and inhibiting factors for the implementing of operational services for Islamic Education subjects at elementary schools in Pati Regency. This type of article is field research, namely research with natural characteristics and analytical-descriptive fieldwork. This article uses a qualitative approach. The collection technique uses observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The results are to explain the concept of operational services for Islamic Education subjects in Elementary Schools, the implementation of operational services for Islamic Education subjects at Elementary Schools in Pati Regency, and the supporting and to inhibiting factors for implementing operational services for Islamic Education subjects in Elementary Schools in Pati Regency.
Efektivitas Paradiplomasi Sister City Terhadap Pariwisata Halal Nusa Tenggara Barat
Authors: Wiratma Harits Dwi , Kuswardini Seftina
Published: January 2023

This research aims to analyze the effectiveness of halal tourism paradiplomacy carried out by the West Nusa Tenggara Provincial Government or sub-state actors. Tourism is one of the strategic sectors for future development. West Nusa Tenggara has attractiveness in attracting the attention of domestic and foreign tourists, on the other hand added with halal tourism since 2016 in NTB so that the tourism industry needs creativity and uniqueness. The method used in this study is a qualitative method, where the source of information that will be obtained can be seen from various information in the form of reports, archives and sources of documentation obtained through books or the internet related to the activities of the NTB local government in promoting halal tourism. The approach that will be used is the concept of paradiplomacy and effectiveness in seeing the NTB Regional Government related to the implementation of international halal tourism.
Like an “espresso” but not like a “cappuccino”: landscape metrics are useful for predicting coffee production at the farm level, but not at the municipality level
Authors: Jeronimo Fernando , Varassin Isabela G.
Published: January 2023

Context
Coffee farms benefits from ecosystem services dependent on pollinators and pest predators. The flow of these biodiversity-based ecosystem services is regulated by landscape-scale processes. Therefore, the landscape structure in which coffee farms are inserted influence coffee production.
Objectives
The aim of this paper is to investigate how landscape structure can influence coffee production at different scales. We also evaluated the predictive utility of landscape metrics in a spatial (farm level) and aspatial approach (municipality level).
Methods
We tested the effect of six landscape metrics on coffee production for 25 farms and 30 municipalities in southern Brazil. For the farm level we calculate the metrics at 1 to 5 km radii from the farm's centroid for access its scale of effect. A model selection of Generalized Linear Model (GLM) was run for access the effect of landscape metrics on coffee production for both approaches (spatial and aspatial).
Results
We obtained that coffee production was negatively influenced by the landscape intensity index, while landscape diversity and the native forest patch density had a positive effect on production. All significant metrics had effects emerging within a 2 km radius at the farm level, but we had no effects at the municipality scale. Our findings suggest that the landscape composition in the immediate surroundings of coffee farms is useful to predict production in a spatially explicit approach. However, these metrics are not able to detect the effect of the landscape when analyzed in an aspatial approach. These findings highlight the importance of the landscape spatial structure, mainly the natural one, in the stability of coffee production.
Conclusions
This study enhanced the knowledge on the role of the landscape in coffee production dependence on landscape-level processes. This advance can help to improve the sustainability of land use and better planning of agriculture, ensuring food and economic safety. Besides, we offer a framework that can be applied to study any cropping system with available census data (spatialized or not).
Impacts of Lockdown Policy on Air Quality in Chinese Cities on Different Economic Levels during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Yu Nu , Zhang Xin , Zhang Yao , Zhang Mengya , Cui Yu , Chen Xieyang , Zhang Weiyi , Zhong Mingyuan , Li Haifeng
Published: January 2023

The sudden outbreak of the Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) broke the stable trend of air quality improvement in Chinese cities due to the emergency response measures, such as the lockdown policy. In this study, 333 Chinese cities are divided into six levels by economic factors, such as first-tier, new first-tier, second-tier, third-tier, fourth-tier, and fifth-tier, and the time of each year was defined as pre-lockdown, lockdown and reopen periods. The results show that, during the pre-lockdown period, the concentrations of NO2 and PM2.5 decreased by 10.13% and 6.15%, respectively, compared with the same period averages in 2017–2019. The fifth-tier cities have the minimum reductions of NO2 and PM2.5. The lockdown policy has significantly improved the air quality in Chinese cities during the COVID-19 pandemic. The concentrations of NO2 and PM2.5 decreased by 42.38% and 29.34%, respectively, but the air quality of first-tier cities was least affected by lockdown. During the reopen period, the concentrations of NO2 and PM2.5 decreased by 14.28% and 25.71%, respectively, and the NO2 concentrations in each city are similar for the season. The NO2 and PM2.5 concentrations in 2020 without lockdown were estimated through a multivariate linear regression model. The actual values of both NO2 and PM2.5 concentrations during the lockdown period are lower than the projected values based on the 2017–2019 trend, again indicating that the lockdown policy influences their concentrations.
Innate immune activation and white matter injury in a rat model of neonatal intraventricular hemorrhage are dependent on developmental stage
Authors: Zamorano Miriam , Olson Scott D. , Haase Candice , Cox Charles S. , Miller Brandon A.
Published: January 2023

Background: Inflammation and white matter injury are consequences of neonatal intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH). Both white matter and the neuroimmune system are developing during which IVH and its consequences occur. IVH has been studied in many different animal models; however, the effects of IVH occurring at different developmental time points in the same model has not been examined. Examining how the timing of IVH affects the ultimate outcome of IVH may provide important insights into IVH pathophysiology.
Methods: We used intraventricular injection of lysed whole blood to model neonatal IVH in postnatal day (P)2 and P5 rats. Flow cytometry was used to detect innate immune activation. MRI was used to screen animals for the development of increased ventricular size. Immunohistochemistry for myelin basic protein was used to assess white matter pathology.
Results: The acute response of the innate immune system at these time points differed, with P5 animals exhibiting significant increases in several measures of classically pro-inflammatory innate immune activation that P2 animals did not. Animals with IVH induced at P5 also developed ventricular enlargement visible on MRI whereas animals with IVH induced at P2 did not. On histological analysis, there were no significant effects of IVH in P2 animals, but IVH in P5 animals induced a reduction in several measures of white matter integrity.
Conclusions: IVH induces a strong innate inflammatory response in P5 animals that correlates with changes in ventricular size and white matter. P2 animals did not exhibit any significant changes in innate immune activation or white matter structure after IVH. This suggests that the white matter pathology from IVH is due in part to innate immune activation; and that the developmental stage of the innate immune system is a key determinant of IVH pathology.
Modelling a change in potential in an electromagnetic coil for small changes in head pose inside MR scanner.
Authors: Bhuiyan Enamul H. , Spencer Glyn S. , Glover Paul M. , Bowtell Richard W.
Published: January 2023

Purpose: A linear model is used for characterising the relationship between head pose and the induced voltages in a set of five coils in an initial set of imaging experiments, and subsequently using this relationship to calculate changes in head pose inside MR scanner from the measured voltages.
Methods: To monitor position, we used an MR-compatible EEG amplifier system (Brain Products GmbH) to measure the voltage induced in the five coils by three gradient pulses successively applied along the right-left (RL), anterior-posterior (AP) and foot-head (FH) directions. Each pulse had ramp up and down periods of 5 ms at a rate of 2 Tm−1 s −1 inducing voltages of a few mV in the coils. The position (z) and orientation (ϕ, ψ) of the phantom was also measured by using SPM to co-register Fast Field Echo (FFE) images. The resulting model used to identify the phantom position from the voltage measurements and the results compared to parameters identified using the SPM registration.
Results: The small differences in the position parameters estimated from the measured voltages in the coils and from the image corregistration by SPM8 indicate that the measurements of gradient-induced voltages in coils can provide accurate estimates of movement parameters.
Conclusions: Initial results reveals potential utility of modelling a change in induced voltage in an inductive coil for monitoring small changes in head pose inside MR scanner.
Allocation concealment appraisal of clinical therapy trials using the extended Composite Quality Score (CQS-2): An empirically based update (Protocol)
Authors: Mickenautsch Steffen , Yengopal Veerasamy
Published: January 2023

Objectives: To revise CQS-2/Criterion II, concerning allocation concealment appraisal for prospective, controlled, clinical therapy trials.

Methods: Meta-analyses of trials with inadequate allocation concealment will be tested for in-between trial heterogeneity (I2 > 0) due to imbalances in baseline variables. Meta-analyses with positive test results will be used as basis to infer criteria for adequate allocation concealment. The CQS-2/Criterion II will be reformulated in line with the findings. The revised appraisal tool will be specified as CQS-2B

Reporting: The final report will be made available online as preprint in one of the major preprint repositories and submitted to a peer-reviewed journal.
EU funds absorption for Romanian rural municipalities: a spatial distribution
Authors: Marin Anca Monica , Glăvan Eugen , Chiș Alin , Corad Bogdan
Published: January 2023

This study analyzes the spatial differences inEU fundsabsorption among Romanian rural municipalities through the 2014-2020 programming period. The absorption capacity for EU funds is measured by the volume of spent EU funds by inhabitant, for each Romanian rural municipality. The results of the analysis highlight the importance of the territorial dimension when studying the distribution of EU funds among the rural municipalities of Romania. Affiliation with a specific development region (NUTS 2), county (NUTS 3) or a functional urban area (FUA) is used to differentiate the volume of absorbed EU funds. Levels of fiscal capacity, locality development, EU and state budget funding experience, and population dynamics in 2021 compared to those in 2014 are also used to distinguish between categories of municipalities receiving EU funds. In Romania, rural municipalities with higher levels of absorbed EU funding are, to a statistically higher extent, located in development regions in the Center, North‒West, South West and West of the country; in communes with no change, or even an increase, in population between 2021 and 2014; in the highest quartile of fiscal capacity and in communes with experience with EU funding from the preceding programming period. This article adds to the growing body of territorial evidence and can be used as a policy instrument to more closely examine the intervention tools embedded in EU funding policy. From a systemic approach, the results of the analysis are valuable forthe design of integrated place-based strategies for EU, national and local level stakeholders, with the ultimate goal of improving quality of life for citizens living in rural areas.
A Decision-Making Model for the Transportation of Municipal Solid Wastes
Authors: KAMAOĞLU Fatih , AYDIN Nesli
Published: January 2023

The management of waste with minimum cost and the environmental burden has recently gained importance in the circular economy. In this study, alternatives for the transportation of wastes by rail and road were compared in terms of cost, environment and personnel requirement benchmarks by using the multi-criteria decision-making software - Right Choice (2.0). The transportation of waste by road is shown with Alternative 1, while the transportation by rail is represented by Alternative 2 (by loading waste-carrying trucks and trailers on the train), Alternative 3 (by loading only trailers on the train) and Alternative 4 (by loading only wastes on the train). As a result, it was determined that the optimum option to transfer the wastes is as specified in Alternative 4, to load only the wastes on the wagons. Importantly, the low operation-maintenance cost of Alternative 4, in other words, its high performance on this benchmark and the high relative importance of the operation-maintenance cost attributed by the stakeholders play a vital role. According to the sensitivity analysis results, Alternative 3 appears as another option close to Alternative 4 while Alternatives 1 and 2, however, remain as options to be evaluated where Alternatives 3 and 4 are not included in decision-making at all. The results of this study show that, depending on the scoring of the criteria in the decision tree, Alternative 4 or 3 could be a better option than the other alternatives, by reducing the number of alternatives and highlighting the good performers.
Regresyon ve Yapay Sinir Ağları Yöntemleri ile Akarsularda Askıda Katı Madde Konsantrasyonu Tahmini
Authors: METE Betül , NACAR Sinan , BAYRAM Adem , BAKİ Osman Tuğrul
Published: January 2023

Bu çalışmada bir akarsu havzasında takibi yapılan askıda katı madde (AKM) konsantrasyonu kapsamında, mansap verilerinden memba değerlerinin tahmin edilebilirliği hem regresyon analizinin doğrusal, üs, üstel ve kuadratik fonksiyonlara uygulanması hem de yapay sinir ağları (YSA) yöntemi ile araştırılmıştır. Kullanılan veriler Sera Deresi Havzası’nda (Trabzon) seçilen sekiz gözlem istasyonunda Haziran 2019-Mart 2020 döneminde 40 kez gerçekleştirilen örnekleme çalışmaları kapsamında elde edilmiş AKM verileridir. İstasyonlar memba (ilk dördü) ve mansap (son dördü) olarak iki gruba ayrılmıştır. Mansap verilerinin %50’si (iki istasyon) eğitim, %25’i (bir istasyon) doğrulama ve kalan %25’i (bir istasyon) test aşamasında kullanılmıştır. Farklı bağımsız değişken kombinasyonlarına sahip iki model oluşturulmuş olup ilk modelde (M1) sadece AKM verileri, diğer modelde (M2) ise AKM verilerinin yanı sıra örnekleme tarihlerine ait ay ve hafta bilgileri sayısallaştırılmış ve kullanılmıştır. Modellerin ve yöntemlerin tahmin performanslarının değerlendirilmesinde ortalama karesel hatanın karekökü, ortalama mutlak hata ve Nash-Sutcliffe (NS) verimlilik katsayısı olmak üzere üç farklı istatistik kullanılmıştır. Regresyon analizinde en iyi tahmin sonuçları üs fonksiyondan elde edilmiş olup YSA yönteminin regresyon analizine kıyasla daha iyi sonuçlar verdiği belirlenmiştir. Her iki yöntemde de M2 genel olarak daha iyi bir performans göstermiştir. YSA yönteminde M1 ve M2’den hesap edilen NS verimlilik katsayıları eğitim veri seti için sırasıyla 0.980 ve 0.997 ve test veri seti için ise 0.978 ve 0.978 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Bu değerler ile AKM modelleme çalışmalarında, gerçek verilerin ait olduğu tarih bilgilerinin bağımsız değişken olarak kullanımının model performansını olumlu etkileyeceği anlaşılmıştır. Bu çalışma kapsamında, akarsu havzalarının mansap tarafı AKM verilerinden memba tarafı AKM değerlerinin başarılı bir şekilde tahmin edilebileceği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Isparta İli için Gelecekteki Olası Meteorolojik Kuraklık Değerlendirmesi
Authors: BAYKAL Tahsin , TAYLAN Dilek , TERZİ Özlem
Published: January 2023

İklim değişikliği ile birlikte kuraklık olaylarında artışlar meydana gelmektedir. Kuraklık, diğer doğal afetlere göre geniş alanlar için uzun zaman dilimlerinde meydana gelen bir afettir. Bu nedenle, kuraklığın önceden tahmin edilerek önlemlerin alınması önem arz etmektedir. Bu çalışmada, uzun vadede kuraklığı yüksek doğrulukla tahmin etmek için uzun-kısa süreli bellek ağı (LSTM) yöntemi önerilmiştir. Öncelikle Isparta meteoroloji istasyonuna ait 1929-2021 yılları arasında ölçülen aylık toplam yağışlar kullanılarak LSTM yöntemi ile gelecek 10 yılda oluşması muhtemel aylık yağışlar tahmin edilmiştir. Hem mevcut hem de gelecek 10 yıl için tahmin edilen her iki yağış serisinin tanımlayıcı istatistiki özellikleri incelendiğinde benzerlikler görülmüştür. Daha sonra 1929-2021 yılları ve gelecek 10 yıl için standart yağış indis (SYİ) değerleri hesaplanmıştır. Aynı zamanda, 1929-2021 yılları arasındaki yağış verileri için elde edilen SYİ değerleri ile gelecek 10 yıl için hesaplanan SYİ değerlerinin eğilimleri incelenmiş ve tüm zaman aralıkları ve gelecek 10 yıllık verilerin eğilim analizinin RCP4.5 yağış projeksiyonları ile benzerlikleri ele alınmıştır.
Batum Deltası Sulak Alanlarının Zamansal Değişimi
Authors: TURGUT Bülent
Published: January 2023

Sulak alanlar sağladıkları hizmetler nedeniyle çok değerli ekosistemlerdir, ancak bu alanlar antropojenik baskılar ve doğal değişimler/dönüşümler nedeniyle hızlı bir şekilde bozulmaktadırlar. Bu olumsuz değişimin önümüzdeki süreçte iklim değişikliği ve artan toprak ve su talebi nedeniyle daha da artacağı düşünülmektedir. Sulak alanlarda görülen değişimlerin belirlenmesi bu alanların yönetim planlamaları açısından oldukça önemlidir. NDWI (Normalized Difference Water Index), sulak alanların hidrolojik özelliklerinin belirlenmesinde yaygın olarak kullanılan bir yöntemdir. Bu çalışma, Batum Deltasında bulunan sulak alanların zamansal değişimini ve bu değişimin ortalama sıcaklık ve toplam yağış gibi temel iklim parametreleri ile olan ilişkilerini belirlemek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Bu amaçla çalışma alanına ait 2016-2021 yılları arasındaki periyotta Nisan, Mayıs, Haziran, Temmuz, Ağustos ve Eylül aylarına ait ortalama sıcaklık ve toplam yağış miktarları ile yine bu zaman dilimlerine ait NDWI değerleri belirlenmiştir. NDWI değerlerinin belirlenmesinde Sentinel2 uydu görüntülerine ait yeşil ve NIR bantları kullanılmıştır. Uydu görüntülerinin işlenmesinde QGIS ve NDWI değerlerinin belirlenmesi ve haritalanmasında ise ArcGIS yazılımı kullanılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda, NDWI değerlerinin aylara ve yıllara göre değişim gösterdiği ve bu değişim üzerinde sıcaklığın yağıştan daha etkili olduğu görülmüştür.
İş Güvenliği Uzmanlarının Bakış Açısıyla Acil Durum Toplanma Alan Özelliklerinin AHP Yöntemi ile Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: DOĞAN Onur
Published: January 2023

İş güvenliği uzmanları, işyerlerinde muhtemel tehlikeli durumları tespit eden ve bu tehlikelerin riske dönüşmesini önlemek için koruyucu ve önleyici uygulamaları hayata geçiren kişilerdir. Aynı zamanda acil durum toplanma alanlarının belirlenmesinde önemli rol oynamaktadırlar. İşyerleri dinamik bir yapıya sahip olduğundan yerleşim birimlerine nazaran çok sık acil durum gerektiren olaylar yaşanabilmektedir. İş güvenliği uzmanları işletme ekosistemini etkileyebilecek her türlü olumsuz etkiyle (depremi, sabotaj, kaza, yangın vb.) mücadele konusunda uzman ve yetkinlik düzeyi yüksek kişilerdir. Bu nedenle yerleşim birimlerinin olduğu yerlerde acil durum toplanma alanlarının belirlenmesinde iş güvenliği uzmanlarının bilgi ve tecrübelerinden faydalanılmasının önemli olacağı düşünülmektedir. Bu çalışma iş güvenliği uzmanlarının bakış açısıyla acil ve afet durumlarında toplanma alanlarının değerlendirilmesine yönelik yapılmış bir çalışmadır. Çalışmada Çok Kriterli Karar Verme Yöntemlerinden (ÇKKV) Analitik Hiyerarşi Proses (AHP) yöntemi kullanılmıştır. AHP, objektif ve subjektif görüşleri sürece dahil eden bir yöntemdir. Bu yöntemin diğer ÇKKV yöntemlerinden üstün kılan yanı kalitatif ve kantitatif unsurları sürece dahil edilmesine imkân sağlamasıdır. Çalışmada kriter ve bu kriterlere bağlı alt kriterler, literatür araştırması ve alanında uzman kişilerin görüşleri dikkate alınarak hazırlanmış ve iş güvenliği uzmanlarına yüz yüze uygulanmıştır. Çalışmanın çözümünde Microsoft Excel kullanılmış ve yapılan her bir analiz sonucu tutarlı çıkmıştır. Buna göre kriterler arasında yapılan karşılaştırma sonucunda en yüksek ağırlığa sahip kriter, 0.4294 toplanma alan güvenliği olurken bunu sırası ile 0.3602 toplanma alanına erişim, 0.2104 toplanma alan özelliği takip etmiştir.
Digital Competence in Primary Education and the Limits of 1:1 Computing
Authors: Fraga-Varela Fernando , Alonso-Ferreiro Almudena
Published: January 2023

Almost a decade after the massive incorporation of technology into schools in Galicia, Spain based on 1:1 computing programs, where teachers and students have access to laptop computers, this study explored the effects of technology on the lives of children in situations of socio-cultural and economic exclusion. Three case studies were selected from two research projects. Each case study representing three individuals. These studies were analyzed through an ethnographic approach using in-depth interviews and participant observation. The constant comparative method was used, supported by ATLAS.ti 7 qualitative analysis software. The 1:1 policies excluded the family context and the development of digital competence was heavily dependent on the opportunities provided at school. The results indicated that these policies did not reduce inequality because advanced learning experiences with information and communication technology were not provided at school.
Using Technology for Learning: Generalizable Lessons from Educational Technology Integration in Kenya
Authors: Arshad-Ayaz Adeela , Naseem M. Ayaz , Inyega Justus
Published: January 2023

This paper presents some initial findings from a multi-year partnership project on the integration of technology into the Kenyan education system. Specifically, qualitative evidence is presented on how results and lessons learned from the partnership project can be generalized and used by other research teams and projects using other technology platforms. Grounded in the critical theory of educational technology and using methodological strategies on the intersections of critical discourse analysis and critical ethnography, this paper examines technology integration in Kenyan public schools using the Learning Toolkit+ developed at the Centre for the Study of Learning and Performance at Concordia University in Montreal, Canada.
Student-Generated Questions Fostering Sustainable and Productive Knowledge Building Discourse
Authors: Zhu Gaoxia , Khanlari Ahmad , Resendes Monica
Published: January 2023

The role of questions in student learning is well recognized. However, the controversial issue of who should pose questions that direct inquiry continues: teachers or students? One perspective advocates that teachers generate questions as it assumes that students cannot generate high-quality questions. In contrast, Knowledge Building, a pedagogical approach that advocates transforming schools into knowledge-creation organizations, emphasizes student agency in generating authentic questions as they try to understand the world around them. This study examined the extent to which elementary students could generate questions and explore how student-generated questions help knowledge-building discourse progress. Comparing question threads (i.e., a series of online notes started with questions) and non-question threads (i.e., a series of online notes not started with questions), we noticed that questions posted by students engaged them in sustainable and progressive discourses, which is central to Knowledge Building. Moreover, the content analysis of the data revealed that the threads starting with questions were more likely to end up with productive threads than the non-question threads.
(Re)Framing Our Frames: Architectonics, Intertextuality, and the Scholarship of Integration in Online Education
Authors: Dennis Jeremy
Published: January 2023

The pandemic of 2020 has renewed interest in technology as an integrative agent in higher education. However, advancements in technology continue to outpace the scholarship of integration in SoTL, even though Ernest Boyer valued it as a continuous area of study. This article calls for a reconsideration of Boyer’s appreciation of integration as convergence or intertextuality. Intertextuality and its digital correlate, hypertextuality, operationalize online education. Yet, they are often ignored as models of convergence. This relational paradox signals a need for a discourse and framework that help us to conceptualize the inherently integrative nature of knowledge and online education. To address this deficit, this literature review introduces Peircean architectonics as the paradigm that reframes our understanding of convergence and illuminates its actualization in Terry Anderson’s prototype for online education. Architectonic logic enriches this model and provides us with a philosophy of convergence that revalues and advances the scholarship of integration.
University Learners’ Motivation and Experiences Using Virtual Laboratories in a Physics Course
Authors: Afacan Adanır Gülgün , Akmatbekova Azat , Muhametjanova Gulshat
Published: January 2023

It is becoming necessary to examine learners’ use of and experiences with virtual laboratories. Learners’ interest and motivation to use virtual laboratories are important factors for the success of these platforms. This study was conducted to analyze Kyrgyz learners’ use of virtual laboratories in a physics course at the university level. The study was performed in the 2019–2020 spring term at a state university in Kyrgyzstan. The study took a quantitative approach, with 376 Kyrgyz learner participants studying at the undergraduate level. The participants were divided into three groups: the first and second used different virtual laboratory platforms, while the third was involved in face-to-face labs. Quantitative data were collected using an online questionnaire which consisted of items related to demographic characteristics, motivation and experience, and physics laboratory attitudes. The results demonstrated differences among the groups regarding factors of motivation and experience. In addition, learners’ physics laboratory attitudes differed with respect to gender and grade point average (GPA) factors.
Editorial Volume 48 Issue 2
Authors: Cleveland-Innes Martha
Published: January 2023

The field of education technology, and related subject areas attendant to it, welcomed millions of new participants during the COVID-19 pandemic. According to UNESCO, the education experiences of more than 1.4 billion students were disrupted in ways that will impact them, and those around them, for years to come. This journal has a significant role to play for documenting these experiences and the research that followed. Evidence about the use of learning technologies for learning in many new education spaces and geographic places is now available. Interest in the topic of technology-enabled learning has increased exponentially and submissions documenting these new experiences, insights, research findings, and practice applications have continued to grow. Our journal supports scholars long involved in, or new to the topic of, technology-enabled learning design and delivery.
Strategi guru pondok pesantren Al Husna dalam pembelajaran Nahwu
Authors: Anhar Muhammad , Abusyairi Khairy , Jihad Sayid Ahmad
Published: January 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seperti apa strategi pembelajaran nahwu dan juga faktor-faktor pendukung maupun penghambat dalam proses pembelajaran nahwu pada Pondok Pesantren Al-Husna Samarinda Sebrang. Dengan dilakukannya penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menambah wawasan pengetahuan serta memberikan manfaat bagi yang terlibat dalam proses pembelajaran nahwu pada umumnya terkhusus bagi Pondok Pesantren Al-Husna Samarinda Sebrang sendiri sebagai lokasi dilakukannya penelitian ini. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian yang bersifat deskriptif kualitatif, dan adapun alat pengumpul data yaitu berupa observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data dilakukan dengan cara memberikan makna terhadap data yang diperoleh kemudian menarik kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian strategi pembelajaran Nahwu yang dilakukan di pondok pesantren Al Husna Samarinda sebrang yaitu menggunakan strategi Problem Basic Learnng (PBL), Strategi menumbuhkan rasa cinta terhadap ilmu, Strategi Ekspositoris, Strategi Musyawarah, dan yang menjadi strategi utama dalam pembelajaran nahwu adalah strategi Qiyasi dan Strategi Istiqrori, dengan Setiap masing masing kelas memiliki guru yang khusus mengajar Nahwu dengan menggunakan strategi yang telah disebutkan sesuai dengan situasi dan kondisi kelas, dengan alokasi waktu pembelajaran setiap kelas yaitu 2 jam.
Karakteristik Pengajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial di Sekolah Menengah Pertama
Authors: Yunhadi Wuwuh
Published: January 2023

A misleading conception of teaching-learning Sosial Sciences for elementary and secondary school in Indonesia has widely occurred.  Social Science lesson is considered simple, from which learning is basically a recall and comprehension of a text, and the teaching model is simply providing students with textbook for reading.  Similar to other lessons, the substance of IPS is obviously hard to teach.  People change as well as the social life. Those changes are leading the changing of social science. Learning social science tries to understand those changing. The understanding of social science will help the learners, particularly young people, make reasonable decisions for public goods as citizens to live together and participate in social life.
Penerapan Strategi Pembelajaran Inkuiri terhadap Hasil Belajar IPA Fisika di SMP Muhammadiyah 3 Samarinda
Authors: Saparuddin Muhammad
Published: January 2023

Strategi inkuiri adalah proses pembelajaran dimana siswa aktif mencari dan menyelidiki secara sistematis, kritis, logis, analitis, sehingga siswa dapat menemukan sendiri pengetahuan yang diperolehnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hasil belajar dan aktivitas siswa dengan menggunakan strategi pembelajaran inkuiri. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SMP Muhammadiyah 3 Samarinda dan sampel penelitian adalah siswa kelas VIII-B yang berjumlah 25 siswa. Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksperimen semu. Hasil belajar siswa diukur menggunakan instrument tes hasil belajar berupa post test sedangkan aktivitas siswa diukur dengan menggunakan lembar observasi dengan satu pengamat. Berdasarkan hasil analisis seluruh siswa mendapatkan nilai diatas KKM yaitu 82,40 dan aktivitas siswa dikelas baik dalam kegiatan individu maupun kelompok, jadi penerapan strategi  pembelajaran inkuiri terbilang baik.
Tindak Tutur Ekspresif Berbahasa Indonesia oleh Mahasiswa Pembelajar BIPA Asal Tiongkok di Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta
Authors: Zaka Istifatun
Published: January 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan bentuk dan fungsi tindak tutur ekspresif berbahasa Indonesia oleh mahasiswa pembelajar BIPA asal Tiongkok di Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta tahun akademik 2016/2017. Pendekatan dalam penelitian ini merupakan kualitatif. Jenis penelitian kualitatif yang digunakan dalam kajian ini adalah penelitian studi kasus. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Fakultas Bahasa dan Seni, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta. Penelitian dilakukan pada tanggal 26 April 2017 di kelas BIPA, yaitu kelas Yunan (Yunan University of Nationalities/Yunan Minzu University/Yunnan Minzu Daxue). Data dalam kajian ini adalah semua kata, frasa, dan kalimat yang merupakan tuturan ekspresif. Data diambil dari sumber data yang berupa percakapan yang dilakukan oleh mahasiswa dari Yunan University of Nationalities (YUN). Data dalam penelitian ini dikumpulkan melalui pengamatan dan dokumentasi. Pemeriksaan keabsahan data dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan berbagai cara. Untuk kriteria kredibilitas atau derajat kepercayaan, dilakukan pemeriksaan data dengan teknik ketekunan pengamatan dan pengecekan sejawat. Analisis data dalam penelitian ini dilakukan secara induktif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dua hal. Pertama, bentuk tindak tutur ekspresif berbahasa Indonesia oleh mahasiswa pembelajar BIPA asal Tiongkok di Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta pada tahun akademik 2016/2017 berdasarkan tataran linguistiknya termasuk tindak tutur langsung literal berupa kata, frasa, dan kalimat. Sementara itu, berdasarkan pengaruh bahasa pertama, dalam tindak tutur ekspresif berbahasa Indonesia tersebut ditemukan adanya alih kode dan campur kode dengan menggunakan bahasa Indonesia dan bahasa Mandarin. Hal ini terjadi karena keterbatasan penggunaan kode terutama bahasa Indonesia. Kedua, fungsi tindak ekspresif berbahasa Indonesia oleh mahasiswa pembelajar BIPA asal Tiongkok di Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta pada tahun akademik 2016/2017 adalah menyetujui, membenarkan, mengklarifikasi, mengungkapkan rasa heran, mengungkapkan rasa bingung, mengungkapkan rasa yakin, dan mengungkapkan rasa senang di mana fungsi tindak tutur ekspresif untuk mengungkapkan rasa bingung merupakan fungsi yang paling banyak ditemukan.
23 Nisan Ulusal Egemenlik ve Çocuk Bayramı’nın Tarihçesi: Himaye-i Etfal Cemiyetinin Katkıları
Authors: DÖRTKOL Fahrettin
Published: January 2023

Ülkemizde ve yavru vatan Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti (KKTC)’nde en önemli millî bayramlardan birisi olarak kutlanan Ulusal Egemenlik ve Çocuk Bayramı, Gazi Mustafa Kemal Atatürk tarafından, yarının büyükleri olan ülkemiz ve dünya çocuklarına, Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisi (TBMM)’nin açılışı anısına hediye edilmiştir. Bu bayram, halkın iradesinin tecelli ettiği TBMM’nin, 23 Nisan 1920’de açılmasıyla kutlanmaya başlanan “Millî Bayram” ve 1 Kasım 1922’de padişahlığın ve saltanatın kaldırılmasıyla birlikte kutlanmaya başlanan “Millî Hâkimiyet Bayramı” ile Himaye-i Etfal Cemiyeti’nin 1927’den itibaren bugünü, “Çocuk Bayramı” olarak kutlanmasını teklif ettiği bayramların resmî olarak 1935 yılında birleştirilmesiyle oluşmuştur. 1935’te birleştirilen Millî Bayram, Hâkimiyet-i Millîye ve Çocuk Bayramı yasada ve mevzuatta Ulusal Egemenlik Bayramı olarak kalmış, 1980 yılını müteakip Millî Güvenlik Konseyi, uygulama ile mevzuattaki farklılığı ortadan kaldırmak için, bu bayramın adını “23 Nisan Ulusal Egemenlik ve Çocuk Bayramı” olarak koymuş, yasal mevzuatta da gerekli düzenlemeyi yapmıştır. UNESCO’nun çocuk sorunlarının çözümü nedeniyle 1979’u “Çocuk Yılı” olarak ilan etmesinden sonra, TRT kurumu, bu tarihte Çocuk Şenliği düzenleyerek, bu bayramı uluslararası hale getirmiş ve bayramın adını tüm dünyaya duyurmuştur. TBMM’nin açılışının anısı olarak bu bayram tüm dünya çocuklarına hediye edilmiştir. Atatürk hayatının sonuna kadar bu kutlamalara büyük önem vermiş, törenlerde bizzat yer almış, bu millî bayramı çok sevdiği çocuklara hediye etmiştir. 23 Nisan, bütün dünya çocuklarının kaynaştıkları dostluk, kardeşlik ve sevginin çokça yaşandığı bir gün olmuştur. Bugün resmen dünya ülkeleri tarafından kutlanmasa da dünya çocuklarının bayramı olarak çok büyük değer ve anlam kazanmıştır.
QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE CHARACTERIZATION OF THE GRANULOMETRY OF AN INCEPTISOL
Authors: Schadosin Janaina , Saab Sérgio , Brinatti André , Pires Luiz
Published: January 2023

Granulometry is an initial factor to be considered in soil research as it plays a fundamental role in physical and chemical properties. The objective of this study was to characterize the granulometric fractions of soil, obtained using the screening and sedimentation method. The Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), Mid-Infrared (MIR), and Scanning Electron Microscopy with Field Emission Gun (SEM-FEG) techniques were used for this purpose. The quantitative results showed that this soil presents high percentage of clay, followed by fine sand fraction, silt fraction and, finally, the coarse sand fraction. The results obtained by DLS qualify this technique as a procedure to evaluate the quality of the granulometric fractionation of the clay fraction. The MIR analyzes detected characteristic vibrational states of minerals such as kaolinite, halloysite, gibbsite, and quartz. Few works in the literature characterize the clay fraction of the soil without chemical treatment using the SEM-FEG technique. Thus, in this work, pseudo-hexagonal structures were identified, typical of the kaolinite mineral and, to a lesser extent, structures with a filamentous needle-like morphology, which can be ascribed to illite and/or halloysite, whose inorganic functional groups were identified by MIR in the clay fraction of the soil.
SÍNTESE, CARACTERIZAÇÃO DE UMA BASE DE SCHIFF DE QUITOSANA E COMPLEXOS DE COBRE UTILIZADAS COMO ELETRODO MODIFICADO
Authors: Pontes Ana , Pontes Talita , Cavalcante Nayara , de Sousa Júnior Francimar , da Silva Francisco , Pontes Daniel
Published: January 2023

SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION OF A CHITOSAN SCHIFF BASE AND COPPER COMPLEXES USED AS A MODIFIED ELECTRODE. A new material formed by Shiff base (chitosan and ortho-vanillin) and copper were synthesized and characterized by UV-visible, infrared spectroscopies, thermal analysis, elemental analysis, electron microscopy, 1H NMR spectra and electrochemical techniques. In this study, it was possible to identify the formation of Schiff’s base (BS), with a degree of substitution of 42.5% by NMR. The electron microscopy study indicates an amorphous character for BS. The material was used to build an electrode, which proved to be sensitive to the addition of nitrite, making it possible to quantify it. The values obtained for detection limit and limit of quantification of the electrode formed BS-Cu were 0.062 µmol L-1 and 0.21 µmol L-1, respectively.
Salim Barakat’s First Novel: Sages of Darkness
Authors: BUTT Aviva
Published: January 2023

Aviva Butt has just finished translating in collaboration with the author, Salim Barakat’s first novel Fuqahā’ al-Ẓalām (Sages of Darkness) written in 1985. The translation was done from a later original Arabic manuscript roughly the same as the 1994 Baghdadi edition. Sages of Darkness is a Kurdish Sufi novel depicting Kurdish life in late Ottoman times. It is, in fact, a philosophical novel with a strong dose of psychological realism, written in a style derived from Classical Modernism. And so, it is mainstream literature, an achievement in view of the late start in novel-writing by the Kurdish far-flung writers’ community. The action line, full of suspense, violence, and murder, is greatly about the tribal notable “Avdei Sarei,” who does everything he can to ensure the survival of his business and the economic health of his endeavors. In this article, the translator of Sages of Darkness analyzes Barakat’s novelistic techniques for the purpose of prompting a better understanding of the novel, and by-the-by, if possible, to solve the enigma of the meaning of the title.
The Emergence of Batini Sects in Islamic Societies: The Example of Yezidism
Authors: YANMIŞ Kadriye
Published: January 2023

Bâtinism is one of the remarkable subjects in terms of the meanings it contains. On one side of the medallion, there are those who consider themselves lucky because they rely on intuition, emotion and their chosen charismatic leaders in reaching information. On the other side, we see communities that are demonized and excluded because they challenge the absolutized beliefs of mainstream politico-religious societies and states. There are social, economic, political and religious reasons for their emergence. Undoubtedly, Yezidis are one of the most important esoteric sects that emerged in Islamic societies. While bâtinism is generally associated with Shia in Islamic societies, the identity of Yezidis is based on different foundations. The Yazidis, as they often prefer, have experienced an "ambiguous" process in the historical sense and have survived to the present day.
A Critique of the Kurdish Working Group’s Writing Guide in Terms of Methodology and Scientific Ethics
Authors: KESKİN Necat
Published: January 2023

Methodology and adherence to scientific ethics are the two most important points for any work. These are the two points that make a work successful or weak. This article, in this framework, is a review of the Kurdish Working Group's Writing Guide published by the Mesopotamia Foundation in December 2019. It is understood from the book that this Guide is the result of several years of the Kurmanci Working Group’s work and was prepared with the participation of 20 academics / academically affiliated people. Although it has been prepared for several years, it can be seen that the work and the prepared Guide have serious problems in terms of scientific methods and ethics. Therefore, methodological problems and scientific ethics of the Guide and its preparation process have been evaluated in this article.
Lekcje z dziedzictwa polskiej socjologii religii
Authors: Wójtowicz Andrzej
Published: January 2023

Jedenaście krótkich lekcji pokazuje znaczenie wielkich postaci socjologii religii w Polsce, profesorów Władysława Piwowarskiego, Edwarda Ciupaka, a także wcześniejszych. Pamięć umożliwia zrozumienie dziedzictwa, jest wehikułem tradycji. Wydziedziczeni nie mają czego szukać w socjologii. Dziedzictwo wiedzy jest jej warunkiem, pamięć uprzywilejowanym honorem tych, co ją uprawiają. Socjologia religii jest manewrem nieustannym na swoich dziedzictwach, na historii religii i sama jako dyscyplina pochodzi z owego peccatum originale nauk społecznych, który wszystko, co jest w możliwościach jej badania, każe umieścić w tym, co społeczne. Jakoż i ona sama, jak u Durkheima, istotę tego, co religijne, odkrywa w tym, co społeczne. Religia już nie przejawia się inaczej jak w tajemnicy tego, co społeczne.