bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ganglion Impar Injection for Relief of Refractory Anorectal Pain in Multiple Sclerosis Patients
Authors: Ng, MD Thomas , Sekaran Anjana , Patel Alopi
Published: March 2023

Background: Pelvic, perineal, and anorectal pain can be common findings in patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS). These patients can develop bowel and bladder dysfunction with disease progression, as well as musculoskeletal component of their pain. The ganglion impar injection and radiofrequency ablation procedure are well-documented interventions to treat visceral pain arising from the pelvis as well as nociceptive pain from the anus and rectum. Case Report: We discuss the cases of two MS patients with significant disease progression who present with anorectal pain refractory to medical and surgical treatment. The ganglion impar block was offered to both of these patients with significant pain relief reported immediately and after several weeks. Conclusion: Ganglion impar block and radiofrequency ablation are safe and effective interventions for pelvic and perineal pain and can be beneficial for severe refractory anorectal pain in MS patients. Key words: Rectal pain, pelvic pain, perineal pain, Multiple Sclerosis, ganglion impar, interventional pain, radiofrequency ablation
Erector Spinae Plane Block for Intercostal Pain related to Cervical Spinal Cord Ependymoma: A Case Report
Authors: Bach Karen , Dada Olufunke , Goyal Nitin
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND: The erector spinae plane (ESP) block is a relatively novel technique in the field of regional anesthesia and pain management. In the original 2016 case report by Forero et al, the ESP block demonstrated extensive neuropathic pain relief of thoracic origins. Although ESP blocks have proven to be a useful modality for managing perioperative, postoperative, and chronic refractory pain of the thoracoabdominal region, its use indication regarding pain therapy of the cervical region has not yet been clearly elucidated. CASE REPORT: A 50-year-old woman with a history of intercostal neuralgia and central pain related to ependymoma and syrinx of the cervical spinal cord presented with exacerbation of chronic postsurgical pain located in the right thoracic region at approximately T8-T11 levels. Given that her pain was refractory to other therapeutic modalities, the patient elected to have an ultrasound-guided right-sided ESP block at the T8 level. Immediately relief was felt after the procedure and was sustained at a follow-up visit. The patient reported 90% improvement of her pain as well as 90% improvement of functionality on her right side. She was extremely satisfied with the results and reported a decreased pain level, at 0 to 1 out of 10. CONCLUSION: Although the ESP block was initially described for thoracic pain control, our findings demonstrate that it may also be a beneficial therapeutic option in the management of pain from cervical origin. Our experience with the block showed immediate analgesic efficacy in our patient and provided significant symptomatic relief without the need for opioid rescue therapy. Further investigation is needed to determine its long-term efficacy and safety profile. KEY WORDS: Cervical pain, erector spinae plane block, nerve block, pain, pain management, regional anesthesia
Spinal Cord Injury Following Minimally Invasive Spinal Decompression
Authors: Liu Roger , Ghazzi Marya , Chec Tomasz , Ju Derek , Gehret Jeffrey , Gustafson Kristin , Simon Jeremy
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND: Minimally invasive lumbar decompression (MILD) is an interventional procedure for the treatment of patients with symptomatic lumbar spinal stenosis. Spinal cord injury after MILD has not yet been reported in literature. CASE REPORT: We describe a case of a 95-year-old woman who underwent the MILD procedure at the L1-L2 level for symptomatic lumbar spinal stenosis. Following the procedure, the patient noticed lower extremity weakness and numbness, suprapubic numbness, groin pain, and urinary retention. Emergent magnetic resonance imaging of the lumbar spine exhibited new cord signal change at T12-L1. She subsequently underwent emergent L1-S1 decompression with gradual improvement of symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Direct trauma to the cord or increased pressure in a severely stenotic canal from injectate volume may have contributed to this patient’s injury. Consideration of the severity and location of stenosis is critical as these results may pose additional risk factors for injury with the MILD procedure. KEY WORDS: MILD, spinal stenosis, spinal cord injury, interventional procedure
O‘ZBEK VA ISPAN TILLARIGA O‘ZLASHGAN ARABIZMLARNING LINGVISTIK-ETIMOLOGIK XUSUSIYATLARI
Authors: Dilrabo Dilrabo , BURKHONOV Utkir
Published: March 2023

Dunyo tillari lug‘at boyligida boshqa tillardan kirib kelgan so‘zlar salmoqli o‘rin egallaydi. Oʻrta asrlarda o‘zbek va ispan tillariga arabcha soʻzlarning bosim bilan kirib kelishi arab dunyosi, jumladan, arab tilining bevosita taʼsiri kuchayganligidan dalolat beradi. O‘sha vaqtda tarjimalar sonining sezilarli darajada koʻpayishi, arabcha “al” artiklining yoʻqolishi ikki mamlakatda ham bilingvizm vaziyati yuzaga kelganidan dalolat beradi.
Muayyan tushunchani anglatuvchi leksema mavjud bo‘lmaganda yoki uni qo‘llashdagi noqulayliklar sababli soʻzlovchi o‘zlashma so‘z — arabizmlarni nutqda qo‘llay boshlagan. Arabizmlarning ba’zilari to‘g‘ridan-to‘g‘ri o‘zlashgan bo‘lsa, ba’zilari uchinchi yo to‘rtinchi vositachi til orqali ham kirib kelgan. Bunday “sayohatlar” davomida so‘zlar fonetik va orfografik o‘zgarishlarga uchragan, ularda ma’no torayish yoki kengayish hodisasi ro‘y bergan, ko‘pincha o‘zlashgan so‘zlar har bir tilda mavjud ichki qonuniyatlarga bo‘ysungan. Ushbu masalalar bu maqolada “alkogol” va “zenit” leksemalari orqali tahlil qilindi. Jahon tilshunosligida arabizmlar ma’lum darajada o‘rganilgan bo‘lsa-da, maqola orqali qilingan xulosalar o‘zbek leksikologiyasini yangi lingvistik-etimologik, ilmiy-nazariy qarashlar bilan boyitishga xizmat qiladi.
FRANSUZ VA O‘ZBEK TILLARIDA XARAKTER IFODALOVCHI FRAZEOLOGIK BIRLIKLARNING CHOG‘ISHTIRMA TAHLILI
Authors: NISHANOV Pathiddin
Published: March 2023

So‘nggi vaqtlarda olimlar o‘rtasida frazeologizmlarning madaniy axborot almashish funksiyasini, ya’ni frazeologizmlarning semantik strukturasida bir necha avlodlarning dunyoqarashi va dunyoni bilish sohasidagi tajribalarini aks ettirish vazifalarini o‘rganishga qiziqish ortib bormoqda. Bunday vazifalarni hal etishda turli tillarda frazeologizmlarning semantik va funksional jihatlarini qiyosiy o‘rganish muhim ahamiyat kasb etadi. Tadqiqotlarda frazeologizmlarning lingvistik jihatlari keng o‘rganilishiga qaramay, ularning inson, uning tabiati, xarakteri bilan aloqador tomonlari yetarlicha o‘rganilmagan. Mazkur maqolada fransuz va o‘zbek tillarida inson xarakterini ifodalovchi frazeologik birikmalar qiyosiy aspektda o‘rganildi. Tadqiqot uchun frazeologik tizimning aynan inson xarakteriga oid kichik qatlamining olinganligi bejiz emas. Tadqiqotimiz davomida inson xarakterini ifodalovchi frazeologik birikmalar ikki til o‘rtasidagi lingvistik va ekstralingvistik aloqalarni aniqlash imkoniyatini yaratdi. Ikki tilda olib borilgan tadqiqot natijalari asosida inson xarakterini ifodalovchi frazeologik birikmalar strukturasi va semantikasi muayyan tiplarga ajratildi. Frazeologik lug‘atlardan mavzuga oid birikmalar to‘plandi va ularning leksikografik tabiati o‘rganildi.
A CLINICAL STUDY ON OBSTRUCTIVE JAUNDICE DUE TO PERIAMPULLARY CARCINOMA WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO ITS MANAGEMENT
Authors: Ajitsaria Vineet , Babubhai Patel Pankaj , P Shah Ishan , Shah Kalgi
Published: March 2023

Background Periampullary carcinoma includes a group of malignant neoplasm arising in the pancreas or in or near the ampulla of vater. Main
modalities of treatment in patients with obstructive jaundice due to periampullary carcinoma: resection of the tumor with bilioenteric anastomosis,
palliative surgical bypass and stent insertion. Aims and objectives To nd out results, morbidity and mortality to various modalities of treatment
to all operable and non operable case of obstructive jaundice due to periampullary carcinoma following proper diagnosis by clinical, radiological
and other investigation procedures Materials and methods This is a prospective study on patients presented with obstructive jaundice due to
periampullary carcinoma with special reference to its management, admitted in different surgical units of Nootan Medical College & Research
Centre, Visnagar from the month of August 2019 to July 2022 suspected due to peri-ampullary carcinoma. Results and discussion Twenty eight
cases studied in regard to their incidence of age, sex, religion, occupation, their clinical features, investigations different etiological factors of
obstructive jaundice due to periampullary carcinoma and their management. Maximum numbers of obstructive jaundice due to periampullary
carcinoma were found to be due to carcinoma head of pancreas, Most of the patients present late and curative resection was not possible in them 24
out of 30 patients were operated out of which 10 had denitive surgery and in 14 palliative surgeries were done. Conclusions Most of the patients'
present late and curative resection was not possible in them. Surgical palliation is a better alternative in those patients when nonsurgical palliation is
not available
ETIOPATHOLOGICAL FACTORS IN ORALAND OROPHARYNGEAL MALIGNANCY: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: Basu Debaditya , Kumar Alok , Bose Alokendu , Singh Deepali
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Non-communicable diseases are progressively becoming the most important global health issue of the twenty-rst century, gaining
epidemic potential and thus has been rightly termed as modern epidemics. Of the important causes of mortality due to non-communicable diseases,
cancer has been implicated to be the second most common cause in developed countries. In adults, cancer is the leading cause of death. Aims: To
study the various etiopathological factors associated with development of oral and oropharyngeal malignancy. Material And Methods: The
present cross-sectional observational study was carried out among 63 patients over a period of 07 months, from November 2020 to May 2021 in an
industrial hospital of eastern India. Result: Most number of studied patients were having cancer site as oral tongue i.e., 16 (25.40%) followed by
tonsil & buccal mucosa i.e., 12 (19.05%). Conclusion: Patients in our study, were mostly having cancer site as oral tongue followed by buccal
mucosa & tonsil with mostly ulcer proliferative growth in appearance.
A RARE CASE OF MOREL LAVELLEE LESION
Authors: Alugaddala Aishwarya , Mali Nishkanth , Mandava Yamini
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Morel-Lavallée lesions are post-traumatic, closed degloving injuries occurring deep to subcutaneous plane due to disruption of
capillaries resulting in an effusion containing hemo-lymph and necrotic fat. It is an uncommon condition that results from a shearing force, causing
a gloving injury which may get infected and lead to a life-threatening situation. Case Presentation: A 28 year old female patient presented to the
emergency department with a history to Road trafc accident and sustained minor lacerations to the left lower limb and a contusion over the lateral
aspect of the left thigh. The patient was found to have MLL upon ultrasound over the contused area, which was then incised and drained. The wound
healed well over 3 weeks and split skin grafting was done which was successfully taken up. MLL's are rare forms of closed degloving Discussion:
injuries which may be missed upon initial examination and mis-diagnosed as a contusion. If not treated promptly, it may lead to infection of the
collected blood and overwhelming sepsis. It is important for clinicians to be Conclusion: aware of Morel Lavellee lesions as the diagnosis is more
reliable on clinical examination and prompt diagnosis may prevent life-threatening complications in trauma patients
A CASE REPORT: SMALL BOWEL OBSTRUCTION DUE TO OBTURATOR HERNIA
Authors: Jani Nisarg , Vadher Parth , Gadhvi Ashwin
Published: March 2023

Introduction: The obturator hernia is an uncommon cause for small bowel obstruction. It is classically described in thin elderly women. Delay to
diagnosis may result in strangulation and gangrenous bowel at subsequent laparotomy The classically described signs, whilst useful when present,
are absent in greater than 50% of cases, and preoperative diagnosis is made on radiological imaging. A 79-year-old female presented Case report:
to hospital with a 2 – days history of vomiting, generalized dull aching abdominal pain and enable to pass stool for 2 days. Past medical history
included scoliotic deformity in lumbar spine and previously operated for tubal ligation before 32 years. Laparotomy, bowel resection and suture
hernia repair were undertaken. A subsequent presentation of small bowel obstruction was due to recurrence of the obturator hernia. However,
resolved without operative management. A very high index of suspicion is required when Discussion: presented with the case of small bowel
obstruction in an elderly female patient. One must therefore, also consider that any subsequent presentations of small bowel obstruction may be due
to recurrence of the obturator hernia, the differential being adhesive bowel obstruction, and delay to denitive treatment is associated with poorer
prognosis. A high index of suspicion is required to diagnose an obturator hernia clinicall Conclusion: y. Failure to do so results in greater mortality
and morbidity. Early cross-sectional imaging can make the diagnosis and lead to earlier surgical repair. A diagnostic challenge, an obturator hernia
is a rare cause of small bowel obstruction. Delay in diagnosis is associated with adverse outcome. Computed tomography scan has proved
invaluable to early detection and repair.
MANUAL TRACING QUANTIFICATION OF HIPPOCAMPI TO PREDICT THE LATERALIZATION OF THE SEIZURE FOCUS IN TEMPORAL LOBE EPILEPSY PATIENTS
Authors: Bansal Sofia , Bansal Aena , Moideen Muhuesein Tharamel
Published: March 2023

This study was aimed to determine the ability of manual tracing quantication of hippocampi to predict the lateralization of the seizure focus in
TLE patients and establish a normative data for Indian population. The study was Materials And Method: conducted in the Department of
Radiology, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute. It was a hospital based prospective double blinded study. It was approved by the human
ethical committee of our institution and was performed after getting informed, written consent from all the patients referred from Neurology
department of Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Kelambakkam. The data collection for the study was done for an 18 months' period
between February 2019 and August 2020. 35 patients with clinical and EEG proven tempora Results: l lobe epilepsy patients underwent MRI brain.
In 32 (91%) patients, HA was detected on quantitative volumetry as opposed to visual inspection which could detect only 26 (74%) cases out of 35.
The difference was statistically signicant (p-value<0.1). The mean HV was calculated to be 2.64709 cm3 (SD - 0.0879). The mean RHV was
2.659 cm3 and the mean LHV was 2.634 cm3. Using 95% condence intervals (2SD), the upper and lower limits for HV were calculated to be 2.822
cm3 and 2.471 cm3, respectively. Mean RHV of 2.683 in males and 2.627 in females was obtained. The difference was statistically signicant (P <
0.1). The most common ndings documented in evaluation of TLE with MRI in the current Conclusion: study were hippocampal sclerosis and
hippocampal atrophy
MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING SPECTRUM IN EPILEPSY IN PEDIATRIC AGE GROUP.
Authors: Shirol Rahul , LY Sachin , Abbiger Manjunath , Purad Veeresh
Published: March 2023

A seizure is a paroxysmal alteration in neurological function resulting from abnormal excessive neuronal electrical activity(1)
Electroencephalograph and neurosonogram are often the initial diagnostic workup for seizure activity. They have the benets of being noninvasive and avoiding radiation exposure. Computed tomography is helpful in detection of calcic foci; however, it has the risk of radiation
exposure. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the imaging modality of choice due to its ability to depict neuroanatomy, excellent gray white
matter differentiation, status of myelination and detection of focal structural brain lesions(2).
APPLICATION OF YOKOHAMA SYSTEM FOR BREAST FNAC WITH ASSESSMENT OF RISK OF MALIGNANCY.
Authors: Mital Bharat Lakhani , Nirali Vrajesh Shah , Pranalikumari Dinu Patel
Published: March 2023

ntroduction: This study is based on application of recently proposed International Academy of cytology (IAC) Yokohama system of Breast
cytology. The main objective of the study was to categorise the Breast Fi Aim: ne Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) samples according to this
new system of reporting and to assess the Risk of malignancy (ROM) for each category as well as the diagnostic yield of the Breast FNAC.
Materials and Methods: Total of 191 FNAC cytology smears from July 2021 to June 2022 were obtained. Microscopy was done and classication
was done according to newly proposed IAC Yokohama system of reporting. The ROM was obtained. The sensitivity, specicity, Predictive Value
(PPV), Negative Predictive Value (NPV) and accuracy of Breast FNAC were calculated accordingly. The Breast FNAB samples were Results:
distributed as follows: insufcient material 6.29%, benign 63.87 %, Atypical probably benign 3.14%, suspicious for malignancy 4.71% and
malignant 21.98%. Of the 191 FNAC cases, 44 cases had histopathological correlation. The respective ROM for each category was 00% for
category 1 (insufcient), 00% for category 2 (benign), 33.3% for category 3 (atypical), 100% for category 4 (suspicious for malignancy) and 100%
for category 5 (Malignant). The sensitivity, specicity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and diagnostic accuracy were
respectively 100%, 92.3%, 89.47% 100% and 95.35% when malignant, suspicious of malignancy and atypical categories were considered
positive. Categorisation of the Breast FNAC cytology according to IAC Yokohama syste Conclusion: m of reporting helps pathologist in the
diagnostic clarity and guides clinician in the appropriate patient management. IAC Yokohama system of reporting breast cytopathology serves as a
common language to pathologist and clinician.
VALUE OF PERIODICALLY ROTATED OVERLAPPING PARALLEL LINES WITH ENHANCED RECONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUE COMPARED TO T2 WEIGHTED TURBO SPIN ECHO SEQUENCE ON ROTATOR CUFF INJURIES IN MRI SHOULDER.
Authors: V Sathynarayanan , P Pedro.
Published: March 2023

Objective: The purpose of the study is to analyze the uses of conventional T2 sequences and PROPELLER technique in view of artifact reduction,
increase the image quality and identify signs of pathology on shoulder magnetic resonance imaging. A total number of 36 Materials and Method:
patients who underwent shoulder MRI with pain intolerance were included in the study. We used PROPELLER and without PROPELLER
technology in the same participants. The MRI scans were evaluated separately by qualied musculoskeletal radiologists. Artifacts, overall image
quality, and delineation of several anatomic structures were all investigated in relation to the diagnostic value of an MR arthrography examination.
The signicance of propeller was analyzed by implementing Mann Whitney U test. The TSE sequences had worse pulsation artifacts and Results:
better overall image quality than PROPELLER sequences. In both Coronal Oblique and Sagittal Oblique approach, delineation of all addressed
anatomic structures was much better with PROPELLER sequences than with TSE. The PROPELLER approach for MRI of the Conclusion:
shoulder minimizes the frequency of sequences with diagnostic impairment owing to motion artifacts and enhances picture quality when compared
to traditional TSE sequences.
A RARE CASE OF RECTOSIGMOID GASTRO -INTESTINAL-STROMAL-TUMOUR PRESENTING AS OBSTRUCTION AND PER RECTAL BLEED
Authors: Waghmare Ninad , Zanzan Abhijeet , Wasnik Siddhanshu , Sultane Pramod
Published: March 2023

Gastro Intestinal Tumour is commonly found in the stomach and small intestine, its occurrence in the large bowel is a rare entity, arising from the
nerve cell that supplies the bowel, also these are reported to be slow growing, here we present a case that has shown occurrence within 1 month and
the tumour resected is C-KIT 117 Negativ
VALPROATE INDUCED CEREBELLAR SYNDROME
Authors: Gupta Dimple , Ankur Abhinav , Ambaliya Chirag
Published: March 2023

Valproate-induced hyperammonemic encephalopathy is a rare event clinically characterized by altered sensorium, vomiting, headache, irritability
and focal neurological decits. The pathogenesis of this dreadful complication is not well understood, although hyperammonemia has been
implicated in causation of encephalopathy. In this case report, we bring to light a case of valproate-induced encephalopathy who presented mainly
with difculty in walking and speech, body tremelousness. High index of suspicion of valproate-induced hyperammonemic encephalopathy is
required if diffuse ataxia is present as it is a potentially reversible clinical disorder.
BACTERIOLOGICAL PROFILE AND ITS SUSCEPTIBILITY PATTERN IN PATIENTS OF VENTILATIOR ASSOCIATED PNEUMONIAADMITTED IN MEDICAL INTENSIVE CARE UNIT(MICU), PMCH, PATNA
Authors: Kumar Praveen , Kumari Babita , Smriti Spriha
Published: March 2023

INTRODUCTION Ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) is dened as pneumonia that occurs more than 48hrs following endotracheal
intubation and initiation of mechanical ventilation. VAP remains a major cause of mortality and morbidity among ICU's patients. MATERIAL
AND METHOD A total of 100 samples were collected from patients admitted in medical ICU in PMCH, Patna. Patients should have sign and
symptoms suggestive of VAP. Culture, identication, and antibiotic sensitivity of organism was done. OBSERVATION AND RESULT The
microbiological results revealed that gram negative bacilli were the most common bacterial agents responsible for VAP and accounted for 88% of
all the causative agents. The most common isolated organisms were Acinetobacter baumannii (36%) followed by pseudomonas aeruginosa (24%),
Klebsiella pneumoniae (18%), klebsiella oxytoca (8%), E. coli (4%). Staph. aureus (10%). 70% of the isolated VAP pathogen were multidrug
resistant. CONCLUSIONS VAP is increasingly associated with MDR pathogens. Production of ESBL, AmpC beta lactamases and metallo beta
lactamases were responsible for the multidrug resistance of these pathogens. Increasing prevalence of MDR pathogens in patients with late onset
VAPindicate that appropriate broad-spectrum antibiotics should be used to treat them. It is useful in implementing simple and effective preventive
measures including precaution during emergency intubation, minimizing the occurrence of reintubation, and judicious use of antibiotics.
A CASE REPORT OF MESENTERIC TEAR IN CASE OF SEAT BELT INJURY
Authors: Chavda Mitesh , Rathod Jitesh , Jani Nisarg , Vadher Parthraj , Gadhvi Ashwin
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Seat belt injuries are not uncommon. The use of seat belt is associated with a unique injury prole collectively termed “the seat belt
syndrome”. The aim is to aid in the early diagnosis of seat belt injuries. Case presentation: A 26 year old male patient presented to casualty after
met with an road trafc accident he was the driver ,wearing seat belt and had front impact. On presentation he was concious , vitally stable ,
breathing spontaneously and abrasions on chest and abdomen. On CECT abdomen, proximal jejunal perforation with horizontal mesenteric tear.
Discussion: Early diagnosis provides better outcomes for patients with seat belt injuries, but this remains a challenge to trauma surgeons. The
typical ndings of peritonitis might not be present initially. The presence of abdominal wall ecchymosis (seat belt sign) increases the chance of
intra-abdominal injuries by eight folds. Clinical signs of intestinal injuries Conclusion: might not be obvious on presentation. In the presence of
seat belt sign the possibility of bowel injury must be suspected. Admit the patient for observation even if no clinical or radiological ndings are
present at presentation
“AN EVALUATION OF LAPAROSCOPIC VENTRAL/INCISIONAL HERNIA REPAIR A PROSPECTIVE STUDY”
Authors: Garg Pahun , Kumar Gupta Amit , Bansal Aayush , Kumar Sharma Brijesh
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Abdominal hernia occurs through the layers of the abdominal wall at a weak point. It can be congenital or acquired. Hernias are
often painful and aesthetically displeasing to patients, whether symptomatic or asymptomatic. Abdominal hernia includes umbilical hernia,
epigastral hernia, spiral hernia, lumbar hernia and incisional hernia. Laparoscopic ventral hernia repair (LVHR) is an established treatment for
ventral hernias. Laparoscopic ventral hernia repair (LVHR) is an established treatment for ventral hernias. Randomized trials have shown that
surgery is comparable to or better than open mesh surgery in terms of key surgical outcome parameters, recurrence rates, and infectious
complications. This is a single-center, prospective,descriptive study in patients undergoing LVHR was conducted to characterize postoperative
pain, recovery time, and quality of life in detail. The primary objective of the Aim & Objectives: present study is to investigate patients presenting
with Primary Ventral/ Incisional Hernia undergoing Laparoscopic repair to determine- Short- term and Long-term outcomes regarding 1. Healthrelated quality of life aspects using SF(Short form)-36 Health Survey Pre-and postoperatively at 6 months. 2. Assess pain pre-op and post op at 6
months using VAS (visual analogue scale). Patients were examined thoroughly preope Materials And Methods : ratively at least a day before the
proposed procedure.Using SF-36(Short form survey 36) and VAS (Visual analogue scale) After Laparoscopic repair Patients will be examined and
followed-up at Day1, 7, 15, 1 month, 3 month and 6 month using SF-36 and VAS. LVHR had a signi Result: cant negative inuence on a broad
spectrum of recovery parameters. The well-established benets of laparoscopy repair are less postoperative pain, reduced hospital stay and
recovery time, low complication and recurrence rates based on numerous reports, meta-analysis and few randomized trials
MODIFIED BIOPHYSICAL PROFILE IN HIGH RISK PREGNANCY AND ITS FETAL OUTCOME
Authors: Renukadevi V. , Rathinamala Rathinamala
Published: March 2023

Background: High risk pregnancies are at increased risk of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Modied biophysical prole (MBPP)
is one of the best method used in antepartum fetal surveillance which comprises of Non stress test (NST) and Amniotic uid index (AFI). Our main
aim is to evaluate the efcacy of modied biophysical prole in predicting perinatal outcome in high risk pregnancy & to prevent perinatal
morbidity & mortality by intervention done in time. Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted in our hospital from February 2021 to
January 2022. In this study 200 high risk pregnant women with term pregnancy, attending the antenatal outpatient clinic or admitted in the ward
were evaluated with the modied biophysical prole consisting of NST recording for 20 minutes, followed by ultrasound assessment of amniotic
uid volume, using four quadrant technique. Results:Among 200 high risk pregnant women, Modied biophysical prole in high risk pregnancy
showed amniotic uid index < 5 in 4.5% cases, 26 % cases had AFI 6 to 8 and 69.5 % cases had AFI 8 to 24 ; CTG showed 23 % cases were found to
have non-reactive & 77% cases were reactive. When AFI & CTG was combined, non-reactive CTG is more among cases with AFI < 5 and it was
statistically signicant (P Value =0.05). The rate of LSCS, Neonatal resuscitation and Admission was increased when there was abnormal MBPP.
Conclusion: Modied biophysical prole is the best method for antepartum fetal surveillance. It can be used to predict perinatal outcome and
provide timely intervention in high risk pregnancies
Multimodal Image Local Registration by Attention Gauge Fields with Robust Adaptive Probability Distributions
Authors: Qiu Junhui , Li Hao , Cao Hualong , Xie Housheng , Liu Xuedong , Zhai Xiangshuai , Tan Pan , Sun Yunpin , Yang Yang
Published: March 2023

Image registration is a technique of matching and superimposing of features, which can be better applied to high-level vision tasks. However, high-level vision tasks often pay more attention to analysis of target areas. In summary, we rethink the collaborative relationship between image registration and high-level vision tasks, and propose a local registration strategy for constructing a robust adaptive attention gauge fields, and construct robust adaptive attention gauge fields to register images focus more on important target areas. In order to improve the robustness and timeliness of the algorithm for feature matching of target areas in complex environments, we propose a robust adaptive probability distribution(RA), and construct robust adaptive mixed model expectation maximum attention(RAMM-EMA). In order to make robust adaptive parameters to reach the global optimum in deep learning, we designed a simulated annealing method to optimize the robust adaptive parameters during training. In order to focus on important regions in the image as much as possible, propose a feature fusion map with weak boundaries and probabilistic properties, called Robust Adaptive Attention Gauge Fields(RAA-Gauge Fields). High-level vision tasks experiments on image fusion, object delect and 3D-reconstruction, the method presented in this paper is the most helpful, and registration effect of the target areas perform best under more extreme conditions. 
Orthogonal and Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access for Intelligent Reflection Surface in 6G Systems
Authors: Jiang Wei
Published: March 2023

Intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) is envisioned to become a key technology for the upcoming six-generation (6G) wireless system due to its potential of reaping high performance in a power-efficient and cost-efficient way. With its disruptive capability and hardware constraint, the integration of IRS imposes some fundamental particularities on the coordination of multi-user signal transmission. Consequently, the conventional orthogonal and non-orthogonal multiple-access schemes are hard to directly apply because of the joint optimization of active beamforming at the base station and passive reflection at the IRS.  Relying on an alternating optimization method, we develop novel schemes for efficient multiple access in IRS-aided multi-user multi-antenna systems in this paper. Achievable performance in terms of the sum spectral efficiency is theoretically analyzed. A comprehensive comparison of different schemes and configurations is conducted through Monte-Carlo simulations to clarify which scheme is favorable for this emerging 6G paradigm. 
مستقبل الاستيطان الريفي في اهوار سوق الشيوخ ""دراسة جغرافية تطبيقية لنموذج مفتوح من الاستيطان""
Authors: الاسدي صلاح , ديري عبد الامام
Published: March 2023

شكلت الاحداث المتسارعة في منطقة الاهوار من تهجير قسري بسبب الحرب العراقية الايرانية وما أعقبها من قيام النظام السابق بعملية ممنهجة لتجفيف الاهوار التي أدت الى تغيرات بيئية كبيرة على مستوى البيئة الطبيعية أو البيئة البشرية والتي أوجدت بيئة مختلفة وبشكل كبير عما كانت عليه قبل عملية تجفيف الاهوار مما تطلب ايجاد طرق ووسائل تكفل تحقيق هدفين في ان واحد الا وهو عودة المياه ولو بشكل جزئي وحسب الظروف المناخية والسياسية في بلدان المنبع ( تركيا وايران ) والهدف القاني هو عودة اسكان الاهوار الى مناطقهم وممارسة حياتهم الطبيعية ولكن وفق رؤية متطورة تتناسب مع الوضع الحالي والمستقبلي للأهوار وقد اتخذنا من اهوار قضاء سوق الشيوخ وهو احدى اقضية محافظة ذي قار كمنطقة للدراسة وبالإمكان تطبيقها على مناطق الاهوار الأخرى مع اختلاف العوامل الاجتماعية وخصوصية كل منطقة لذلك جاءت الدراسة التي قام الباحثين متناولة المنطقة قبل وبعد التجفيف وكيف كانت مراكز الاستيطان الريفية فيه وما نوع النشاط الاقتصادي وجرى بعد ذلك اعداد نموذج لتوزيع مراكز الاستيطان الريفي وفق معطيات المكان اخذين بنظر الاعتبار ايجاد مراكز وقرى متخصصة النشاط الزراعي والصناعات الحرفية .
دراسة المضامين السياسية في أشعار حلمي سالم
Authors: طاهري يوسف , نظري علي , نوري علي
Published: March 2023

يهدف هذا البحث الي دراسة وتحليل المضامين السياسية في أشعار حلمي سالم . فهذا الشاعر يعتبر احد أبرز المتنورين و النقاد العرب في مصر حاليا، والذي يقدم في أشعاره صورة معبرة عن واقع الشعب العربي ولا سيما مصر. في هذا البحث من خلال الاعتماد علي المنهج الوصفي التحليلي قمنا بدراسة أشعاره السياسية . يستخلص من البحث ان قضايا الحرية و الوطن و مكافحة الاستعمار و الاستبداد و الشهادة من أبرز مضامين الشاعر . دراسة المضامين السياسية والاجتماعية لدي الشاعر تشكل مرآة تعكس الوضع العربي الراهن .
ادوارد الثامن واعتلاؤه للعرش البريطاني عام 1936م
Authors: شكري ياسين , خضر كمال
Published: March 2023

تناول البحث عن ولادة ادوارد وطفولته ونشاته ودراسته اللغة المانية والفرنسية ومن ثم التحاقه إلى الاكاديمية البحرية فضلاً عن تسلمه أميراً لويلز وصفاته الشخصية ومشاركته في الحرب العالمية الأولى كجندي لتعزيز قوات بلاده، وبعد انتهاء الحرب عينه جورج الخامس ممثلاً عن بلاده سفيراً للنوايا الحسنة .كما تطرق البحث تسنم ادوارد الثامن العرش الملكي بعد وفاة أبيه الملك جورج الخامس وذلك في 20 كانون الاول عام 1936 حيث اختلف عن أبيه في العادات والتقاليد وتعرف على السيدة سمبسون وعندما تولى العرش اراد الزواج بها مما تسبب في حدوث أزمة لم تنته الا عندما تنازل عن العرش .
الأثر اليوناني في العلاقة بين الأخلاق والسياسة عند أوغسطين والأكويني
Authors: المعلة جميل , جاسم حسن
Published: March 2023

يحاول البحث أن يُبيّن رؤية فلاسفة العصر الوسيط المسيحي للفضائل الأخلاقية, ومعرفة التأثير الذي تركه اليونان عليهم, إذ لم يخرج هؤلاء عن الرؤية اليونانية لطبيعة علاقة الأخلاق بالسياسة وكونها ضرورة ذات أهمية بالغة في الحياة, فرأى هؤلاء أن الفضيلة والعدالة والمساواة والقوانين أمور لها دورها في تقويم الحياة الاجتماعية والسياسية, بالتالي لا يمكن فصلها عن الدولة, فالحديث عن الأخلاق في العصور الوسطى هو حديث عن فلسفة الأخلاق المسيحية التي نشأت في ظل التأثير اليوناني, ولا يمكن إنكار دور العدالة والمساواة وأهميتها البالغة في الفلسفة السياسية المسيحية, حيث لا يمكن للدولة أن تستغني عنهما البته, فإذا كان فلاسفة العصر الوسيط المسيحي موضوع الدراسة, قد أخذت مفهومها عن العدالة من قطبي الفلسفة اليونانية أفلاطون وأرسطوطاليس, فإن فكرتهم عن المساواة كإحدى المقومات الرئيسية التي تقوم عليها حياة الجماعة سيقت إلى حد كبير من الفلسفة الرواقية.
البحث في أدلة الإلزام الفقهية لتنفيذ الأحكام الاجتماعية دون حدود في الدولة الإسلامية
Authors: لائيني محمد , نجاد سيد مجتبى
Published: March 2023

إن الواحدة من أهم الأسئلة التي يمكن أن تتبادر إلى الذهن حول الفقه السياسي هي؛ حسب ما جاء في القرآن والفقه، ما الطريقة التي تتعامل الدولة الإسلامية بها من خلال الخروج عن بعض الأحكام الاجتماعية بالرغم أنها ضرورية، دون أي إلزام ومكافاة؟. وبالبحث في هذا القضية يمكن الارتكاز ببعض الطلاقات في القرآن والقواعد الفقهية في إثبات إلزام الحكومة لبعض الأحكام الاجتماعية بالرغم أنها مهمة جدا ولكن لم يحدد لها إلزام ومكافاة. من بين الأدلة التي يمكن الرتكاز بها هي: إطلاق الأحكام المنهية عنه وفقًا لفلسفة إنشاء الحكم الإسلامي، إطلاقات الآيات في لزوم تجنب عن الطاغوت، إطلاقات الآيات الناهية عن المنكر، إطلاقات آيات العدالة ، إطلاقات الآيات الناهية عن المفسدة، قاعدة المصالحة، وقاعدة الحفاظ على الدولة الإسلامية، الأطل الفقهي المعاون علي "البر والتقوى" والقداسة من الحرام والعدوان.
Factors Associated with Work Performance and Mental Health of Healthcare Workers During Pandemics In Asia : a Systematic Review
Authors: Almira Dova Syarifah , Oktamianti Puput
Published: March 2023

COVID-19 is highly contagious and the transmission dynamics are associated with intercontinental spread. The pandemic’s short-term and long-term impact on healthcare worker’s mental health and well-being remains largely unknown. This systematic review used preferred reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). The articles were searched from PubMed, the reviewers had screened 729 abstracts, 372 full-text publications, and ultimately included 11 systematic reviews. The review found ten factors associated with the work performance and mental health of healthcare workers in Asia, including experiencing feelings of anxiety, having inadequate support, depression, experiencing occupational stress, loneliness, lack of workplace preparedness, financial concerns associated with changes in income and daily living, fear of transmission, burnout/fatigue and sleep disturbance. This systematic review can be used as input for governments and employers as a reference to develop strategies to support healthcare workers’ mental health, well-being and work productivity.
Does Logic Decolonization involve having a Relativistic approach to Logical Principles?
Authors: Ukpaka Paschal
Published: March 2023

The concept of “decolonization” has been widely and erroneously used to the point that it has lost its meaning. Whenever decolonization is invoked, there seems to be disagreement between the universalist and relativist camps. While the debate continues, one can barely imagine a middle position where both camps could find a synthesis. So the question that resonates from this is, does logic decolonization involves having a relativistic approach to logical principles? The logical premise is not universal, as this paper acknowledges, because no one has the divine right to declare something to be true or incorrect. According to this paper, relativism, which is universalism’s opposite, does not result in epistemic decolonization because it involves swapping one system for another. In light of this issue, this paper makes the case that logic/epistemic decolonization is necessary, but only if it entails integrating indigenous knowledge with the Western knowledge system.
Private Censorship, Disinformation and the First Amendment: Rethinking Online Platforms Regulation in the Era of a Global Pandemic
Authors: Huang Tzu- Chiang
Published: March 2023

The proliferation of online disinformation and the rise of private censorship are paradigmatic examples of the challenges to traditional First Amendment jurisprudence in an algorithmic society. The limitations of traditional First Amendment jurisprudence are amplified by the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in two ways. On the one hand, in the wake of the pandemic, we have entered an “infodemic” era where the volume of disinformation, as well as the harm it causes have reached unprecedented levels. For example, health disinformation has contributed to vaccine hesitancy. On the other hand, even though the proliferation of online disinformation seems to suggest that it is desirable to enforce content moderation more rigorously, the pandemic has also revealed the importance of access to online information, raising concerns about censorship imposed by private platforms on social media users. Furthermore, the high degree of opacity and unpredictability of content moderation pose great danger to users’ First Amendment right. In light of the above consideration, this Note proposes a legal framework that would curtail online disinformation while ensuring users’ right to accessing online platforms. To achieve this goal, this Note argues that the First Amendment should be interpreted as not merely a negative right but also a positive right. That is, the traditional laissez-faire First Amendment jurisprudence, which considers public actors as the sole threat to freedom of speech and neglects the power asymmetry between private platforms and their users, should be rejected. The underlying principle of the positive approach is to design a regulatory regime that is least restrictive and fosters accountability and transparency in content moderation by introducing procedural requirements. In this regard, the recently introduced Digital Services Act in the European Union—which represents a paradigmatic shift from interpreting freedom of speech as a “negative right” (i.e., protecting users from government interferences) to a “positive right” (i.e., ensuring the government provides users with sufficient procedural safeguards to check against private platforms)—could provide some important lessons for the U.S. to reconstruct its online platforms regulation in the era of an algorithmic society.
Impact of Gender Based Violence on Developing Children’s Personalities
Authors: Bonganciso Jade G. , Kumari Bharti
Published: March 2023

The article sheds light on “gender-based violence” and its impacts on the development of children in India. Different types of “gender-based violence” are domestic violence against men and women, sexual violence against women and children, kidnapping, rape and others are influential towards the developing perspective and personality of children. Often children become emotionally damaged, depressed, angry, introverted and antisocial due to experiencing “gender-based violence”. Thus, identifying the potential impacts of this violence on the mental health and personalities of children is the main purpose of this study. Several articles and journals based on this topic are observed for enhancing knowledge as well as primary methods used for data collection. A survey among males and females above 18 was conducted and their opinions regarding the research topic are collected through a Likert scale. Collected data are tested by using SPSS software and then evaluated statistically. As a result, it is identified that increasing "gender-based domestic violence" is increasing which is impacting the mental health of children in India. Psychological disorders are increasing among children due to violence and that is impacting their education as well as enhancing trust issues among children. . Keyword : Children Development, Domestic Violence, Gender-Based Violence, Mental Health, Sexual Violence
Impact of Social Media in Making Political Decisions in Developing Countries
Authors: Yogapriya Dr.G , Chettri Nimesh
Published: March 2023

Social media is an inseparable factor in everyone’s life as it influences everything that is related to human life. Political decision-making is regarded as one of the essential factors impacted by social media. This study thus focuses on the impact of social media in the political decision-making of developing countries including an analysis of the challenges of social media usage in the present time. Consequently the procedures for overcoming the challenges of social media in developing countries have also been evaluated through the study. Over a period of time, the use of social media has increased for these decades and people got more accessibility to share their thoughts and opinions on a larger platform. This study focuses on the factors that are evaluating the development of countries throughout the world. People from different nations can react and share their opinions on any political issues of any nation or county. In this study, Secondary quantitative datasets are collected from different research articles and journals. After the research of this study, the findings and results have been shown through the thematic analysis of the collected data. Hence, there is a detailed discussion about the impacts of social media uses in developing a country and political decision-making and strategy development by using the online platform. Keyword : Developing Countries, Political Decision-Making, Social Media
Evaluation of Consumerism on Sustainability
Authors: Sekhar Kilari Chandra , Asio John Mark R.
Published: March 2023

The following article sheds light on consumerism and its effects on sustainability within global businesses. The concept of consumerism refers to the socio-economic force that encourages the acquisition of goods and services which are eventually beneficial for business companies. Consumerism is highly influential towards the sustainable development of organisations as consumerism leads to more production. Hence, higher resource consumption reduces the rate of production and waste as well. Therefore, consumerism brings waste management which leads to sustainable development. Secondary methods such as articles, journals, news reports, and others are used for data collection in this study. A large number of articles are identified which provide relevant data about consumerism and its effects. All the results and findings are thematically presented as well as briefly discussed for a better understanding. A total of four themes are created based on the findings in which the results are elaborated where the researcher has achieved the objectives. As a result, it is identified that psychological factors, economic factors, social factors, personal factors, and cultural factors are the specific factors that influence consumerism. Further, consumerism has some positive and some negative impacts on sustainability. The demand of customers enhances organisational sustainability as well as higher sustainability leads to the depletion of natural resources. A brief discussion about this aspect is presented in this particular article Keyword : Consumerism, Economic Stimulation, Expensiveness, Profit, Sustainability
Impact of Irresponsible Teenage Behavior in Modern Society
Authors: Cuzzamu Emerson B , Hasyim Muhammad
Published: March 2023

Abstract : This research has been focused on exploring the impact of irresponsible teenage behaviour on modern society. Teenage children suffer from continuous changes in their bodies and mind, which increases their enthusiasm toward risky activities and behaviours. Irresponsible teenage behaviour involves several types of risky behaviour and activities that teenagers are habituated to, including drug and alcohol consumption, illegitimate intercourse, risky driving, theft, cyber crimes and fighting. A secondary qualitative data collection method has been used and relevant information has been collected from journals, newspaper articles and reliable websites. Thematic analysis has been conducted and the results indicate that ITB poses a major impact on the emotional, mental and physical development of youths as well as on modern society. The prevalence of drug consumption has increased rapidly among school-going teenagers and overdoses of drug consumption have been identified to be a major cause of untimely death of teenagers. In addition, effective solutions have been proposed including guidelines for parents for increasing connection with children and enhancing engagement to monitor their behaviour and habits. Optimising the behaviour of peers and friends of the child is another effective solution proposed for preventing this behaviour and its associated impact on society. In addition, parents have to ensure proper parenting and involvement with their child for gaining knowledge about their behaviour and habits. Considering these practices and improving parental guidance can improve the mental and emotional perception of a teenager and reduce their impact on society. Keyword : Alcohol Consumption, Drug Use, Irresponsible Teenage Behavior, Pre-Marital Sex, Risky Behaviour
Investigating the Application of Virtual Reality in Education Sector
Authors: Krishnan Dr. V. Gokula , Lazo Lionel G. De
Published: March 2023

The following study has been surrounded by the subject matter of the application of virtual reality in education sector and all types of valid and authentic insights have been collected to evaluate the study in a proper manner. Virtual reality is an example of a types of technology implementation which can be rathe3r used in any kind of sector in a progressive manner. At the beginning of the study an introduction has been constructed over the concept of virtual reality in education sectors and various types of usages of virtual reality in different sector has been elaborated within this study. After this, secondary data, qualitative approach, inclusion and exclusion criteria and cross sectional research designs have been selected and evaluated in a proper manner to provide betterment within this study. Also, there are notion of virtual reality, importance of virtual reality in education sector in an extended manner and challenges in incorporating virtual reality in education and here are plenty of challenges which have been depicted within this following study. Lastly, a discussion has been made gathering the information which have been made on the following subject matter of virtual reality Keyword : Virtual reality, education sector, technology.