bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lviv sculptor Hartmann Witwer and his artistic family from Imst. New archive find and studies.
Authors: Bondar Pavlo
Published: November 2023

Basing the information of the metric books from the church of the Assumption of the Virgin in Imst (Austria) the Hartmann Witwer date of birth – 22 December 1776 – was specified. Special gratitude is paid to Josef Mair for his assistance in catching out this document that is published for the first time. It was proofed that “Hartmann Witwer” is a true name and surname of sculptor from Austria, who worked in Lviv at the beginning of the XIX century. It was studied out that H. Witwer didn’t have second name as his father Joseph Anton Witwer or his brother Johann Michael Witwer. Using mathematic calculation the mistakes in Lviv documents fixed the date of sculptors’ death as 1825 was find out. The found certificate verified relationship of Hartmann Witwer and Witwer sculptors dynasty from Imst. For the first time it was revealed that Hartmann Witwer was a younger brother of Johann Michael Witwer, and he was not his elder brother or they were not twins as it was considered before.
History of Witwers’ artistic family from Imst, members of which during more than one hundred years were making sculptures in the atelier that was inherited from father to son was studied. Directions of sculptural activity of H. Witwers’ grandfathers in the period of their activity and the areal of spreading their works were outlined. Artistic peculiarities of art pieces of the prominent representatives of the family were highlighted. Provably reasons which caused the end of the sculptor dynasty were analyzed in the article. Basing on the special features of the creative process in the family atelier in Imst the hypothesis of principles of cooperation between Hartmann and his brother Johann Michael Witwer in Lviv was proposed.
Effect of Learning Styles on Students’ Performance in Mathematics at Ullo Senior High School, Jirapa Municipality, Ghana
Authors: Marifa Mohammed Yikehere , Nabie Michael Johnson
Published: November 2023

This research aimed to examine how different students’ learning styles impact mathematics performance at Ullo Senior High School in the Jirapa Municipality, Ghana. The research was quantitative and used both descriptive surveys and quasi-experimental designs. Eighty-two (82) participants, including 48 males and 34 females, were selected using simple random sampling. Assimilating, converging, diverging, and accommodating students were distinguished and categorised using Kolb’s (2005) learning style inventory. The Pre-test and post-test data in trigonometry were analysed using descriptive statistics and one-way Analysis of Variation (ANOVA). The data collected from the questionnaires was analysed using means and standard deviations. Post-test results revealed a statistically significant improvement in learners’ performance. Therefore, it was recommended that the provision of teaching and learning resources, learners’ active participation in lessons, and the use of different teaching methods serve the learning style needs of learners
ORGANIZATIONAL AND ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF THE FUNCTIONING OF SUBJECTS OF THE AGRARIAN SECTOR OF UKRAINE IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE INTRODUCTION OF MARTIAL LAW
Authors: Shust Olena
Published: November 2023

Purpose. The purpose of the article is to offer proposals of a theoretical and practical nature regarding their effective functioning in the conditions of the post-war revival of the country's economy on the basis of the assessment of the activities of agricultural enterprises and households in the conditions of the introduction of martial law in the country,
Methodology of research. To achieve the set goal, the following scientific methods were used in the research process: scientific abstraction, deduction and induction – to formulate a scientific hypothesis of the work, laws and principles; abstract and logical – for making theoretical generalizations, substantiating research methodology, formulating conclusions; monographic – for a detailed study of the functioning of agricultural enterprises and households in the conditions of Russia's military aggression against Ukraine.
Findings. An assessment of the state of production and economic activity of the main producers of agricultural products in Ukraine was carried out. The main factors that affect the formation of their economic stability, in the conditions of the manifestation of destructive phenomena in the social and political life of the country, which are a consequence of Russia's military aggression against Ukraine, are determined. Taking into account the experience of business entities under martial law, theoretical and practical proposals regarding the post-war revival of the agrarian sector are proposed.
Originality. An assessment of the stability of agricultural enterprises and households in the conditions of changes in the external business environment caused by Russia's military aggression against Ukraine was carried out. Practical approaches regarding the diversification of the production activities of farms of the corporate sector of the agrarian economy have gained further development in the conditions of the post-war revival of agriculture, which involves the development of the main branches of animal husbandry: pig breeding and cattle breeding.
Practical value. The proposed proposals of a theoretical and practical nature regarding the post-war reconstruction of the agricultural sector of Ukraine can be used by farms of the corporate sector of the agrarian economy in the formation of perspective plans for the production of agricultural products and by local self-government bodies in the development of comprehensive programs for the social and economic development of rural areas.
Key words: agriculture, martial law, agricultural enterprise, household, state support.
DEVELOPMENT OF ACCOUNTING IN CONDITIONS OF DIGITIZATION OF THE ECONOMY
Authors: Dovbush Andrii , Iryna Belova
Published: November 2023

Purpose. The aim of the article is to study the development trend of accounting in the theoretical and practical plane in the conditions of total digitalization of the economy.

Methodology of research. The research was conducted using a dialectical approach to the study of the current state of development of the digital economy. In the process of research, general scientific and special methods were used, in particular: the analytical method was used when reviewing literary sources; the classification method made it possible to differentiate the main components of digital accounting, and the description method – to provide them with a detailed description; the monographic method was used in the study of literary sources on issues of digital economy and accounting, the system and analytical method was used in the processing of the received information.

Findings. It was determined that the digital economy is an information and communication environment of economic activity on the Internet, the result of the transformational effects of new technologies of general purpose in the field of information and communication. It is substantiated that the automation of accounting is one of the components of digitalization of business, which helps companies to use resources effectively and increase competitiveness in the market. The basic principles of the functioning of the digital accounting platform, which allow creating the latest electronic systems with a significant number of users, have been revealed.

Originality. The interpretation of the concept of “digitalization of accounting” was clarified, which, unlike the established ones, interprets it as an intensive process of introducing modern digital technologies into the accounting process; application of constructively modified methods, accounting and analytical tools to improve the quality of collection, generalization, systematization, analysis of large volumes of data, their support, control and creation of a single information system for the needs of the company's management, as well as ensuring conditions for the availability and promptness of information for interested parties with the growth of its credibility.
Practical value. The obtained results of the study will contribute to increasing the efficiency of the formation and development of accounting in the conditions of the digital economy and will become the basis for further scientific developments in this field.

Key words: digital economy, information technologies, accounting, digital accounting, digital technologies
CORPORATE CULTURE TRANSFORMATION OF THE METALLURGICAL INDUSTRY ENTERPRISES AMID DIGITAL AND GREEN ECONOMY
Authors: Lytovka Vitalii , Prushkivska Emiliia , Pylypenko Hanna
Published: November 2023

Purpose. The aim of the article is to reveal the peculiarities of the corporate culture transformation of the metallurgical industry enterprises amid digital and green economy.

Methodology of research. General scientific and special methods of economic research were used in the process of conducting the research, in particular: a systematic approach – for determining the essence of corporate culture; sociological survey – for diagnosing the corporate culture of metallurgical enterprises; statistical methods – for processing the survey results and calculating Cronbach's Alpha parameters to determine the reliability of the questionnaire; comparative method – to compare deviations between existing and desired profiles of corporate culture under the influence of digitalization, smartization and environmentalization; dialectical, abstract and logical – for making theoretical generalizations and forming conclusions.

Findings. A methodology for diagnosing of the corporate culture transformation of the metallurgical industry enterprises under the influence of digitalization, smartization and environmentalization is proposed on the basis of a sociological survey of the staff of metallurgical enterprises of Ukraine. The results of the survey based on the profiles of the existing and desired corporate culture are demonstrated. The results of the survey proved that the staff of metallurgical enterprises PJSC "Zaporizhstal" (Zaporizhia), PJSC "INTERPIPE" (Dnipro), PJSC "Central GZK" (Kryvyi Rih), PJSC "KAMET-STEEL" (Kamianske), PJSC "YUZHKOKS" (Kamianske) want to reduce the gap between the existing and desired corporate culture in the direction of digital smart and green economy. Directions for improving the corporate culture of metallurgical enterprises under the influence of digitalization, smartization and environmentalization are recommended.

Originality. A methodical approach to evaluating the transformation of corporate culture under the influence of digitalization, smartization and environmentalization (existing and desired) was developed. The approach includes five stages: 1) conducting a sociological survey; 2) calculations of integral indices; 3) three profiles formation of the corporate culture transformation of metallurgical enterprises; 4) calculation of the level of deviation of the desired from the existing culture and their comparison; 5) development of recommendations for the corporate culture transformation.

Practical value. The proposed recommendations can be used to improve the mission, strategic vision, corporate culture and its values for metallurgical enterprises.

Key words: Corporate culture, transformation, digital economy, green economy, green innovation, enterprise, smart metallurgical industry, sociological survey.
EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF MANAGEMENT OF THE INTELLECTUAL POTENTIAL OF MILK PROCESSING ENTERPRISES
Authors: Boіchyk Iryna , Stakhurska Svitlana
Published: November 2023

Purpose. The purpose of the article is to research into the issues of improving the methodology for assessing the effectiveness of managing industrial property objects as a component of intellectual property in the context of their role in shaping the intellectual potential of dairy processing enterprises.

Methodology of research. The following research methods were used to achieve the goal: analysis and synthesis, abstract and logical – for the formulation of theoretical generalizations, identification of the essence of the concept of the intellectual potential of the enterprise, its constituent reserves of raising its level at the enterprise; monographic and comparative – for the systematization of the elements of the social and economic component of managing the intellectual potential of enterprises, identifying the relationship between the intangible assets of the enterprise and the development of intellectual potential; graphic – for visualization of research results.

Findings. The existence of clear and hidden opportunities (reserves) for increasing the level of use of intellectual potential at each enterprise was identified and substantiated. The place and significance of industrial property objects in the process of evaluating the effectiveness of the intellectual property management of the enterprise, which together with other elements form the social and economic component of the management of its intellectual potential, are substantiated. The role of industrial property objects and the importance of improving the efficiency of their management in ensuring an increase in the level of use of the intellectual potential of milk processing enterprises have been established.

Due to the predominant financing of innovative developments of enterprises at the expense of their own funds, the need to take into account the economic efficiency of such developments for the enterprises themselves when evaluating the effectiveness of managing their intellectual potential is substantiated. The necessity of developing a system of indicators for evaluating the efficiency of management of industrial property objects was determined.

Originality. The method of evaluating the economic efficiency of managing industrial property objects as elements of forming the intellectual potential of milk processing enterprises has received further development.
Practical value. Based on the results of the research, the system of indicators for evaluating the efficiency of the management of industrial property objects can have practical use for determining the vectors of improving the management of the intellectual potential of milk processing enterprises.
Key words: management, intellectual potential, intellectual property, intangible assets, objects of industrial property, trademark, brand, certificate, patent
Становление ценностно-смысловой сферы личности в юношеском возрасте
Authors:   ФГБОУ ВО «АлтГПУ», Колмогорова Л. С. , Холодкова О. Г.
Published: November 2023

Монография посвящена проблеме становления ценностно-смысловой сферы личности в юношеском возрасте. Авторы рассматривают понятие, структуру и генезис ценностно-смысловой сферы личности в юношеском возрасте, охватывающем периоды старшего школьного возраста и студенчества. В работе затронуты актуальные проблемы воспитания духовно-нравственных ценностей личности в юношеском возрасте. В монографии представлены результаты исследования особенностей развития ценностно-смысловых образований лиц юношеского возраста, обучающихся на разных ступенях образования (старшие классы общеобразовательной школы, среднее профессиональное образование и университет). Работа может быть интересна психологам, педагогам образовательных организаций, социальным педагогам, а также студентам, магистрантам и преподавателям вуза и колледжа.
ПРО ЕКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНУ РОБОТУ ІНСТИТУТУ ПЕДАГОГІКИ НАПН УКРАЇНИ З РЕАЛІЗАЦІЇ ІДЕЙ НОВОЇ УКРАЇНСЬКОЇ ШКОЛИ
Authors: Topuzov Oleh , Liashenko Oleksandr , Zasiekina Tetiana
Published: November 2023

Інститут педагогіки НАПН України проводить системну роботу з експериментальної апробації результатів наукових досліджень щодо реалізації ідей Нової української школи. Починаючи з 2017 р., здійснено 16 наукових досліджень з обґрунтування та структурування змісту початкової і базової середньої освіти, розроблення методичних систем навчання, запровадження нових підходів до оцінювання здобувачів освіти, визначення дидактичних засад підручників нового покоління. У результаті цих досліджень розроблено, експериментально перевірено і впроваджено в освітню практику: 4 концепції, 6 освітніх програм для 1-4 і 5-9 класів закладів загальної середньої освіти, 32 модельні навчальні програми і 8 навчальних програм, 44 підручники для 1-4 класів і 25 — для 5-6 класів, понад 280 навчальних і методичних посібників. На етапі розроблення інноваційних підходів до навчально-методичного забезпечення змісту і методів навчання у Новій українській школі вчені інституту здійснили комплексну їх апробацію в межах чотирьох всеукраїнських проєктів, затверджених наказом МОН України.У результаті експериментальної роботи доведено ефективність системи компетентнісно орієнтованого навчання в початковій школі за Типовою освітньою програмою для 1-4 класів, розробленою під керівництвом О.Я. Савченко, альтернативної освітньої системи «Світ чекає крилатих» для 1-4 класів, дидактичної системи навчання на адаптаційному циклі (5-6 класи) та освітньої системи «Ліга крилатих» для 5-9 класів.Учені інституту здійснюють постійний зв’язок із учителями-експериментаторами, беруть безпосередню участь в експериментальній апробації ідей Нової української школи в пілотних закладах освіти. З метою ефективного і повноцінного упровадження вказаних новацій інститутом започатковано системну роботу з підвищення кваліфікації учителів. У соціальних мережах створено спільноти, в яких обговорюються проблеми пілотних експериментів.
Role of exosomes in metastasis and therapeutic resistance in esophageal cancer
Authors: Ning Xing-Yu , Ma Jin-Hu , He Wei , Ma Jun-Ting
Published: November 2023

Esophageal cancer (EC) has a high incidence and mortality rate and is emerging as one of the most common health problems globally. Owing to the lack of sensitive detection methods, uncontrollable rapid metastasis, and pervasive treatment resistance, EC is often diagnosed in advanced stages and is susceptible to local recurrence. Exosomes are important components of intercellular communication and the exosome-mediated crosstalk between the cancer and surrounding cells within the tumor microenvironment plays a crucial role in the metastasis, progression, and therapeutic resistance of EC. Considering the critical role of exosomes in tumor pathogenesis, this review focused on elucidating the impact of exosomes on EC metastasis and therapeutic resistance. Here, we summarized the relevant signaling pathways involved in these processes. In addition, we discussed the potential clinical applications of exosomes for the early diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of EC.
Time series analysis-based seasonal autoregressive fractionally integrated moving average to estimate hepatitis B and C epidemics in China
Authors: Wang Yong-Bin , Qing Si-Yu , Liang Zi-Yue , Ma Chang , Bai Yi-Chun , Xu Chun-Jie
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND

Hepatitis B (HB) and hepatitis C (HC) place the largest burden in China, and a goal of eliminating them as a major public health threat by 2030 has been set. Making more informed and accurate forecasts of their spread is essential for developing effective strategies, heightening the requirement for early warning to deal with such a major public health threat.

AIM

To monitor HB and HC epidemics by the design of a paradigmatic seasonal autoregressive fractionally integrated moving average (SARFIMA) for projections into 2030, and to compare the effectiveness with the seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average (SARIMA).

METHODS

Monthly HB and HC incidence cases in China were obtained from January 2004 to June 2023. Descriptive analysis and the Hodrick-Prescott method were employed to identify trends and seasonality. Two periods (from January 2004 to June 2022 and from January 2004 to December 2015, respectively) were used as the training sets to develop both models, while the remaining periods served as the test sets to evaluate the forecasting accuracy.

RESULTS

There were incidents of 23400874 HB cases and 3590867 HC cases from January 2004 to June 2023. Overall, HB remained steady [average annual percentage change (AAPC) = 0.44, 95% confidence interval (95%CI): -0.94-1.84] while HC was increasing (AAPC = 8.91, 95%CI: 6.98-10.88), and both had a peak in March and a trough in February. In the 12-step-ahead HB forecast, the mean absolute deviation (15211.94), root mean square error (18762.94), mean absolute percentage error (0.17), mean error rate (0.15), and root mean square percentage error (0.25) under the best SARFIMA (3, 0, 0) (0, 0.449, 2)12 were smaller than those under the best SARIMA (3, 0, 0) (0, 1, 2)12 (16867.71, 20775.12, 0.19, 0.17, and 0.27, respectively). Similar results were also observed for the 90-step-ahead HB, 12-step-ahead HC, and 90-step-ahead HC forecasts. The predicted HB incidents totaled 9865400 (95%CI: 7508093-12222709) cases and HC totaled 1659485 (95%CI: 856681-2462290) cases during 2023-2030.

CONCLUSION

Under current interventions, China faces enormous challenges to eliminate HB and HC epidemics by 2030, and effective strategies must be reinforced. The integration of SARFIMA into public health for the management of HB and HC epidemics can potentially result in more informed and efficient interventions, surpassing the capabilities of SARIMA.
Global burden of inflammatory bowel disease 1990-2019: A systematic examination of the disease burden and twenty-year forecast
Authors: Li Cheng-Jun , Wang Yi-Kai , Zhang Shun-Ming , Ren Mu-Dan , He Shui-Xiang
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an idiopathic intestinal disease with various levels and trends in different countries and regions. Understanding the current burden and trends of IBD in various geographical locations is essential to establish effective strategies for prevention and treatment. We report the average annual percentage change (AAPC) and estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) in age-standardized rates (ASR) of IBD in different regions based on the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study from 1990-2019, and the relationships between IBD and the human development index (HDI) and socio-demographic index (SDI). The prevalence trends of IBD were predicted by gender from 2019-2039.

AIM

To comprehensively investigate IBD data, providing further insights into the management of this chronic disease.

METHODS

We collected the information on the incidence of IBD from the GBD study from 1990-2019 to calculate the AAPC and EAPC in ASR of IBD in different regions. The relationships between IBD, HDI, and SDI were analyzed. The Nordpred and Bayesian age-period-cohort models were used to predict the prevalence trends of IBD by gender from 2019-2039, and the reliability of the results was validated. Statistics of all the data in this study were performed using R software (version 4.2.1).

RESULTS

North America consistently had the highest IBD ASR, while Oceania consistently had the lowest. East Asia had the fastest average annual growth in ASR (2.54%), whereas Central Europe had the fastest decline (1.38%). Countries with a low age-standardized incidence rates in 1990 showed faster growth in IBD while there was no significant correlation in 2019. Additionally, IBD increased faster in countries with a low age-standardized death rates in 1990, whereas the opposite was true in 2019. Analysis of SDI and IBD ASR showed that countries with a high SDI generally had a higher IBD ASR. Finally, the projections showed a declining trend in the incidence of IBD from 2019-2039, but a gradual increase in the number of cases.

CONCLUSION

As the global population increases and ages, early monitoring and prevention of IBD is important to reduce the disease burden, especially in countries with a high incidence of IBD.
New record of the chewing louse Myrsidea dissimilis (Kellogg, 1896) (Phthiraptera: Menoponidae) parasitizing a Purple Martin, Progne subis (Linnaeus, 1758) (Passeriformes: Hirundinidae) in Amazonas, Brazil
Authors: Bassini-Silva Ricardo , Pesenato Isabella P. , Melinski Ramiro D. , Santos Clarissa O. , Hingst-Zaher Erika , Barros-Battesti Darci M. , Jacinavicius Fernando C.
Published: November 2023

The chewing lice are obligatory ectoparasites of birds and mammals distributed worldwide. From an expedition to Comaru Island, Brazilian Amazon, a chewing louse parasitizing a Purple Martin [Progne subis (Linnaeus, 1758)], a Neotropical migrant, was collected. The specimen was slide-mounted and identified as a male of Myrsidea dissimilis (Kellogg, 1896) (Phthiraptera: Menoponidae). It represents the first record of this species in the Amazonas State and in Central Amazon.
PRINCIPLES AND FEATURES OF INDOOR PLANT EXPOSURE IN BOTANICAL GARDEN
Authors:   Nikitsky Botanical Garden — National Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kalyuzhny S.S. ,   Laboratory of Flora and Vegetatio
Published: November 2023

This article examines the world and Russian levels of organization of collections and the principles of their display in Botanical Gardens. Naturally, in addition to the goals of preserving biodiversity by the botanical gardens of the world on a global scale, the mandatory presence of collections and exhibitions of plants according to various presented characteristics related to the collection and stock territories of the Botanical Garden. The specialized collections of BS are considered from the point of view of museum work and acquisition, where different levels of formation are distinguished. The main provisions and techniques used in modern botanical gardens are covered. The experience of foreign gardens is summarized and the features of exhibiting at university and academic institutions are considered. Unfortunately, the trend of acquisition and collecting in Russia, where the principle of “collection for the sake of collection” prevails in traditional botanical gardens
Strategic Implementation of the PDCA and 5S Concepts to Improve the Productivity of the Informal Welding Industry in Kumasi, Ghana
Authors: Fening Peggy Ama , Agyei Isaac Kwabena , Adu-Boachie Charles , Adala Cyril Etornam
Published: November 2023

The informal welding industry is one of the major SMEs in Ghana. The industry is however confronted with a lot of challenges which, therefore, can be addressed by the use of Plan-do-check-act (PDCA) and 5S concepts. This study evaluated the benefits of the PDCA and 5S concepts as strategic tools for improving the performance of the informal welding industry in Kumasi, Ghana, by using the exploratory research technique. The PDCA and 5S concepts were implemented for a period of six months using 50 welder industries selected by the stratified random sampling procedure. The diagnosis of the current state of the industry was initially measured through performance indicators generated through questionnaires, interviews and direct observations. The design of the solution strategy was then implemented using the concepts to mitigate the challenges previously identified. This was followed by data collection to monitor the performance of the study factors. The results showed a significant (66%) general improvement in the cleanliness of the work environment, work safety and health of workers of all the study workshops. There was also a general decrease in defective products, and reduction in raw material waste and an enhanced aesthetic value of products. A total of over 17 productivity variables were evaluated out of which 11 saw between 4% and 96 % improvement, which in all translated into boosting the morale of workers and customer confidence. The study contributes to the paradigm shift of SMEs to modern management systems for enhanced performance and competitiveness. Keywords: Continuous Improvement, Ghana, Informal Welding, Operational Excellence, Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA), Strategic Implementation
Para-Bannai-Ito Polynomials
Authors:   Universit&, Pelletier Jonathan ,   #233,   de Montr&,   #233,   al, Canada, Vinet Luc ,   Université de Montréal, Canada, Zhedanov Alexei ,   Renmin University of China, P.R. China
Published: November 2023

New bispectral polynomials orthogonal on a Bannai-Ito bi-lattice (uniform quadri-lattice) are obtained from an unconventional truncation of the untruncated Bannai-Ito and complementary Bannai-Ito polynomials. A complete characterization of the resulting para-Bannai-Ito polynomials is provided, including a three term recurrence relation, a Dunkl-difference equation, an explicit expression in terms of hypergeometric series and an orthogonality relation. They are also derived as a $q\to -1$ limit of the $q$-para-Racah polynomials. A connection to the dual $-1$ Hahn polynomials is also established.
Nonlinear Isocapacitary Concepts of Mass in 3-Manifolds with Nonnegative Scalar Curvature
Authors:   Universit&, Benatti Luca ,   #224,   degli Studi di Pisa, Italy, Fogagnolo Mattia ,   Università di Padova, Italy, Mazzieri Lorenzo ,   Università degli Studi di Trento, Italy
Published: November 2023

We deal with suitable nonlinear versions of Jauregui's isocapacitary mass in 3-manifolds with nonnegative scalar curvature and compact outermost minimal boundary. These masses, which depend on a parameter $1 < p\leq 2$, interpolate between Jauregui's mass $p=2$ and Huisken's isoperimetric mass, as $p \to 1^+$. We derive positive mass theorems for these masses under mild conditions at infinity, and we show that these masses do coincide with the ADM mass when the latter is defined. We finally work out a nonlinear potential theoretic proof of the Penrose inequality in the optimal asymptotic regime.
Compositional Constraints of Ice Lobes at the Edge of Martian South Polar Cap and the Possibility for CO2 Ice
Authors: Meng Xu , Xu Yi , Jin Qi , Xiao Long , Xu Xiaoting , Liu Hai
Published: November 2023

As one of the major ice reservoirs on Mars, the south polar layered deposits (SPLD) are mainly composed of water ice and dust except for the perennial CO2 ice deposits on the surface and within buried layers. At the edge of Planum Australe, the Shallow Radar detected the base of two ice lobes, which can be used to estimate their dielectric properties and analyze the components. These measurements, combined with topographic data, allow for the relative permittivity of the lobe materials to be estimated at 2.73 ± 0.67. Under the constraint of the SPLD density, the permittivity value translates to the existence of CO2 ice depending on the dust content. If the dust content is larger than 24%, the lobes are CO2 free and composed of water ice, dust, and pore space. Whereas, for the dust content of <12%, our results suggest that the lobes must contain a certain amount of CO2 ice, which could be an average volume of 30%. When the dust content is between 12% and 24%, the existence of CO2 ice is undetermined. This study improves the understanding of ice deposits at the Martian south polar.
Characterization and Absolute Calibration of the Far-infrared Field Integral Line Spectrometer for SOFIA
Authors: Fadda Dario , Colditz Sebastian , Fischer Christian , Vacca William D. , Chu Jason , Clarke Melanie , Klein Randolf , Krabbe Alfred , Minchin Robert , Poglitsch Albrecht
Published: November 2023

We present the characterization and definitive flux calibration of the Far-infrared Field Integral Line Spectrometer (FIFI-LS) instrument on board SOFIA. The work is based on measurements made in the laboratory with an internal calibrator and on observations of planets, moons, and asteroids as absolute flux calibrators made during the entire lifetime of the instrument. We describe the techniques used to derive flat fields, water vapor column estimates, detector linearity, spectral and spatial resolutions, and absolute flux calibration. Two sets of responses are presented, before and after the entrance filter window was changed in 2018 to improve the sensitivity at 52 μm, a wavelength range previously not covered by PACS on Herschel. The relative spectral response of each detector and the illumination pattern of the arrays of the FIFI-LS arrays are derived using the internal calibrator before each observational series. The linearity of the array response is estimated by considering observations of bright sources. We find that the deviation from the linearity of the FIFI-LS arrays affects the flux estimations by less than 1%. The flux calibration accuracy is estimated to be 15% or better across the entire wavelength range of the instrument. The limited availability of sky calibrators during each observational series is the major limiting factor of the flux calibration accuracy.
A Search for X-Ray/UV Correlation in the Reflection-dominated Seyfert 1 Galaxy Markarian 1044
Authors: Barua Samuzal , Adegoke Oluwashina K. , Misra Ranjeev , Pawar Pramod , Jithesh V. , Medhi Biman J.
Published: November 2023

Correlated variability between coronal X-rays and disk optical/UV photons provides a very useful diagnostic of the interplay between the different regions around an active galactic nucleus (AGN) and how they interact. AGNs that reveal strong X-ray reflection in their spectra should normally exhibit optical/UV to X-ray correlation consistent with reprocessing—whereas the optical/UV emission lags behind the X-rays. While such correlated delay has been seen in some sources, it has been absent in others. Mrk 1044 is one such source that has been known to reveal strong X-ray reflection in its spectra. In our analysis of three long XMM-Newton and several Swift observations of the source, we found no strong evidence for correlation between its UV and X-ray lightcurves both on short and long timescales. Among other plausible causes for the nondetection, we posit that higher X-ray variability rather than UV and strong general relativistic effects close to the black hole may also be responsible. We also present results from the spectral analysis based on XMM-Newton and NuSTAR observations, which show the strong soft X-ray excess and iron Kα line in the 0.3–50 keV spectrum that can be described by relativistic reflection.
Latitudinal Propagation of Thermal Rossby Waves in Stellar Convection Zones
Authors: Jain Rekha , Hindman Bradley W.
Published: November 2023

Using an analytic model, we derive the eigenfrequencies for thermal Rossby waves that are trapped radially and latitudinally in an isentropically stratified atmosphere. We ignore the star’s curvature and work in an equatorial f-plane geometry. The propagation of inertial waves is found to be sensitive to the relative direction of the wavevector to the zonal direction. Prograde propagating thermal Rossby waves are naturally trapped in the radial direction for frequencies above a critical threshold, which depends on the angle of propagation. Below the threshold frequency, there exists a continuous spectrum of prograde and retrograde inertial waves that are untrapped in an isentropic atmosphere but can be trapped by gradients in the specific entropy density. Finally, we discuss the implications of these waves on recent observations of inertial oscillations in the Sun, as well as in numerical simulations.
Jupiter’s Equatorial Quasi-quadrennial Oscillation Forced by Internal Thermal Forcing
Authors: Lian Yuchen , Tan Xianyu , Hu Yongyun
Published: November 2023

Observations have shown that there exists downward propagation of alternating westward/eastward jets in Jupiter’s equatorial stratosphere, with a quasi-period between 4 and 6 yr. This phenomenon is generally called the quasi-quadrennial oscillation (QQO). Here, we simulate the QQO by injecting isotropic small-scale thermal disturbances into a 3D general circulation model of Jupiter. It is found that the internal thermal disturbance is able to excite a wealth of waves that generate the equatorial QQO and multiple jet streams at the middle and high latitudes of both hemispheres. The dominant wave mode in generating the QQO-like oscillation is that with a zonal wavenumber of 10. The inhomogeneous evolution of potential vorticity favors the emergence of off-equatorial zonal jets. The off-equatorial jets migrate to the equator, strengthen the deep equatorial jets, and result in the prolonging of the QQO-like oscillations.
Solar Atmospheric Heating Due to Small-scale Events in an Emerging Flux Region
Authors: Yadav Rahul , Kazachenko Maria D. , Afanasyev Andrey N. , de la Cruz Rodríguez Jaime , Leenaarts Jorrit
Published: November 2023

We investigate the thermal, kinematic, and magnetic structure of small-scale heating events in an emerging flux region (EFR). We use high-resolution multiline observations (including Ca ii 8542 Å, Ca ii K, and the Fe i 6301 Å line pair) of an EFR located close to the disk center from the CRISP and CHROMIS instruments at the Swedish 1 m Solar Telescope. We perform non-LTE inversions of multiple spectral lines to infer the temperature, velocity, and magnetic field structure of the heating events. Additionally, we use the data-driven Coronal Global Evolutionary Model to simulate the evolution of the 3D magnetic field configuration above the events and understand their dynamics. Furthermore, we analyze the differential emission measure to gain insights into the heating of the coronal plasma in the EFR. Our analysis reveals the presence of numerous small-scale heating events in the EFR, primarily located at polarity inversion lines of bipolar structures. These events not only heat the lower atmosphere but also significantly heat the corona. The data-driven simulations, along with the observed enhancement of currents and Poynting flux, suggest that magnetic reconnection in the lower atmosphere is likely responsible for the observed heating at these sites.
Local Star-forming Galaxies Build Up Central Mass Concentration Most Actively near M
∗ = 1010
M
⊙
Authors: Pan Zhizheng , Zheng Xianzhong , Kong Xu
Published: November 2023

To understand in what mass regime star-forming galaxies (SFGs) build up central mass concentration most actively, we present a study on the luminosity-weighted stellar age radial gradient (∇age) distribution of ∼3600 low-redshift SFGs using the MaNGA Pipe3D data available in Data Release 17 from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. The mean age gradient is negative, with ∇age = −0.14 log Gyr/R
e, consistent with the inside-out disk formation scenario. Specifically, SFGs with positive ∇age consist of ∼28% at log (M
*/M
⊙) < 9.5, while this fraction rises up to its peak (∼40%) near log (M
*/M
⊙) = 10 and then decreases to ∼15% at log (M
*/M
⊙) = 11. At fixed M
*, SFGs with positive ∇age typically have more compact sizes and more centrally concentrated star formation than their counterparts, indicative of recent central mass buildup events. These results suggest that the buildup of central stellar mass concentration in local SFGs is mostly active near M
* = 1010
M
⊙. Our findings provide new insights into the origin of morphological differences between low-mass and high-mass SFGs.
On the Contribution of Coronal Mass Ejections to the Heliospheric Magnetic Flux Budget on Different Time Scales
Authors: Winslow Réka M. , Scolini Camilla , Lugaz Noé , Schwadron Nathan A. , Galvin Antoinette B.
Published: November 2023

Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) contribute closed magnetic flux to the heliosphere while they are connected at both ends to the Sun and play a key role in adding magnetic flux to the heliosphere. Here, we discuss how the type of magnetic reconnection that opens CME field lines in the inner heliosphere, i.e., interchange (IC) and/or interplanetary (IP) reconnection, determines the length of time CMEs contribute to the heliospheric flux budget. This distinction has not been taken into account in past studies that estimate the CME flux opening timescale. We outline key criteria to aid in distinguishing IC reconnection from IP reconnection based on in situ spacecraft data and highlight these through two example events. Studying the manner in which CMEs reconnect and open in the inner heliosphere yields important insights not only into CMEs’ role in the heliospheric flux budget but also the evolution of CME complexity, connectivity, and topology.
Annotated checklist of the Swiss bees (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Anthophila): hotspots of diversity in the xeric inner Alpine valleys
Authors: Praz Christophe , Müller Andreas , Bénon Dimitri , Herrmann Mike , Neumeyer Rainer
Published: November 2023

We present a checklist of the Swiss bees and provide information on the distribution of every bee species in all 26 Swiss cantons. 632 species are reported, including the European honeybee Apis mellifera Linnaeus, 1758 and the exotic species Megachile sculpturalis Smith, 1853. Species richness in each canton was correlated with the canton area, with the four largest cantons hosting the highest number of species. Bee diversity hotspots were located in some Alpine inner valleys characterized by a dry and warm climate due to the rain shadow effects of surrounding mountains. These hotspots are mostly located in the steppe-like habitats of the Valais and Graubünden cantons. They host diverse wild bee communities which include a unique assemblage of submediterranean faunal elements and subalpine species. In addition, these habitats host rare species with strongly disjunct distributions in Europe, further stressing the conservation priority of these habitats for wild bee conservation. Intensive faunistic surveys performed in the last 20 years have revealed that about 20 bee species, either previously unknown for Switzerland or which had disappeared from the country for several decades, have colonised areas close to the borders of France and Italy. Most of these new or reappeared species were observed in the warmest area of the country and presumably colonized or recolonized the country from neighbouring regions following global warming. Lastly, DNA barcodes are presented for 394 specimens, including for many species so far not represented in the BOLD database. The taxonomic status of numerous unclear taxa is briefly discussed based on combined genetic and morphological analyses.
Cave-adapted millipedes from Portugal: species conservation profiles
Authors: Reboleira Ana Sofia P. S. , Eusébio Rita
Published: November 2023

Amongst the cave-dwelling millipedes (Diplopoda), there are several endemic species in Portugal with a very small geographical distribution. These species play an important role in the decomposition of organic matter in subterranean ecosystems and are vulnerable to disturbance from human activities, such as habitat destruction, pollution infiltrating from the surface and cave tourism.

We present the IUCN Red List profiles for cave-adapted millipedes (Diplopoda) from Portugal and propose conservation measures to prevent extinction. Overall, cave-adapted millipedes from Portugal represent an endemic part of the country's biodiversity and conservation efforts will help maintain the delicate ecological balance of subterranean ecosystems.
L’Église catholique dans l’arène politique au Burkina Faso : l’enjeu politique de la pluralité religieuse
Authors: Kolesnoré Pascal
Published: November 2023

Le rapport de l’Église à la politique au Burkina recèle le paradoxe d’une Église catholique numériquement minoritaire mais d’une grande influence politique. Ce rapport pluridimensionnel s’apprécie à plusieurs niveaux : les laïcs servent de fer de lance politique de la hiérarchie même si une sorte de cléricalisme politique reste dominante. Ce rapport se caractérise aussi par sa mouvance : connivences et désamours, proximités et ruptures. Il est loin d’être à sens unique : l’Église développe des stratégies d’influence et le pouvoir politique tente d’instrumentaliser cette force morale. Il s’ensuit entre ces deux forces un équilibre délicat qui a contribué à asseoir un type particulier de laïcité non exempt de tensions. L’engagement politique des autres confessions crée un nouvel enjeu politique de taille, celui de la gestion politique du pluralisme religieux. Celui-ci impose de repenser la laïcité étatique sous la forme d’une participation multiforme et encadrée des confessions religieuses à la construction de la nation et de la démocratie.
Le « patrimoine » foncier face à la vente : l’exemple d’un village wè-guéré (Département de Bangolo, Côte d’Ivoire)
Authors: Przybylowski Tangui
Published: November 2023

Dans l’Ouest forestier ivoirien, la notion de « patrimoine » est aujourd’hui mobilisée en vue de dévaloriser les contrats fonciers d’achat-vente passés à l’insu de certains parents du vendeur. Cette conception trouve ses racines dans l’autochtonisme foncier, qui s’exprime par une opposition à la vente modulée par le rejet des allogènes « étrangers » (Ivoiriens et non-Ivoiriens) lié à l’équilibre des rapports d’autorité entre aînés et cadets sur la terre. Nous souhaitons donner un aperçu des modalités de son développement dans un village du Grand Ouest.
À propos des Peuls « qui ne sont pas nés » : escalvage, djihad et droits humains au centre du Mali
Authors: Holder Gilles
Published: November 2023

Le texte confronte le paradigme des « droits humains pour la sécurité des populations » à une dimension peu invoquée du conflit hybride qui s’est développé au centre du Mali depuis 2015 : l’esclavage et plus largement les rapports de domination historiquement constitués. Les ressorts de ce conflit passent par un retour sur les djihads des XVIII e et XIX e  siècles portés par des communautés peules marginalisées, à l’issue desquels une série d’États islamiques ont été mis en place, assortis d’une économie esclavagiste fondée sur une distinction interne entre maîtres et esclaves. Finalement, le conflit articule un continuum contemporain : démocratisation politique, décentralisation économique et « fonciarisation » des terres ; à un continuum historique : domination sociale, concussion économique et émancipation par le djihad.
Comment penser la sexualité biologique au xix e siècle ? Émile Maupas et les étapes de la conjugaison chez les infusoires ciliés
Authors: Loison Laurent
Published: November 2023

Le sexe fut un problème biologique déroutant tout au long du xix e  siècle, lorsqu’on commença à comprendre que reproduction et sexualité étaient à distinguer. Les travaux zoologiques d’Émile Maupas (1842-1916) constituent un jalon dans cette histoire, car ils sont venus éclaircir les étapes nucléaires du phénomène de conjugaison chez les ciliés, longtemps entaché de nombreuses zones d’ombre. Grâce à la mise au point de techniques manipulatoires nouvelles, ainsi qu’à des qualités d’observateur remarquables, Maupas parvint à en donner une description toujours considérée comme vraie actuellement. Ses réflexions sur la fonction de l’acte sexuel (la conjugaison étant totalement découplée de la reproduction chez les ciliés), en revanche, montrent les limites du projet d’une « biologie générale », auquel Maupas entendait participer. Dans une telle conception, qui visait à relier très étroitement biologie, chimie et physique, il était en fait impossible de penser le sexe comme une adaptation.
La beauté inquiète
Authors: Aboudrar Bruno Nassim
Published: November 2023

Il est généralement admis que la peinture classique – la peinture française du Grand Siècle notamment – n’a pas remis en question sa recherche d’une beauté formelle, largement codifiée par un ensemble de règles académiques. En s’appuyant sur une de ces fameuses conférences à l’Académie de peinture, celle donnée en 1676 par René-Antoine Houasse sur le « Beau naturel », ainsi que sur plusieurs exemples artistiques, cet article tend à montrer que la théorie et la pratique picturales du xvii e  siècle se sont, au contraire, confrontées à des antinomies touchant à l’idée même de beauté. Loin d’être simple ou tranquille, la beauté, pour ces artistes, est inquiète.
La beauté corporelle en question
Authors: Gherchanoc Florence
Published: November 2023

La beauté corporelle est un motif esthétique et plastique loué et valorisé durant l’Antiquité. De l’apparence aux manières d’être, comment les anciens Grecs l’ont-ils pensée et représentée dans les pratiques et les discours, au regard des normes politiques, sociales et religieuses, autrement dit culturelles ? Cet article explore les marqueurs de la beauté d’un corps, ses manifestations et ses effets dans l’Athènes classique. Il montre également à quel point la beauté corporelle, si elle fait consensus dans son expression, reste un sujet de polémiques relatives aussi bien à sa définition qu’aux pratiques qui transforment les corps.