bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ophthalmic Complications of Atopic Dermatitis in Children
Authors: Soloch Martyna , Gotz-Więckowska Anna
Published: February 2024

Atopic dermatitis is an inflammatory, eczematous skin condition that appears in childhood and persists into adulthood. Apart from eczema its phenotype can encompass external ocular signs such as periorbital darkening or Dennie-Morgan palpebral fold. Due to its high prevalence as well as chronic and recurrent character it is significant to mind its consequences. Ocular comorbidities are more frequent in atopic patients compared to their age-matched control groups. Atopic dermatitis is associated with many ophthalmic complications, such as blepharitis, atopic keratoconjunctivitis, keratoconus, subcapsular cataract, rhegmatogenous retinal detachment and susceptibility to infections. Incidence of these complications is well established in adults, but there was a necessity to review the published literature to gather information about their manifestations and prevalence in children. Atopic dermatitis and its comorbidities are correlated with persistent itching and thus extensive eye rubbing which can possibly lead to retinal detachment and keratoconus, so it is of great importance to know how to relieve it. Aim of this article is to draw attention to the most serious ocular comorbidities associated with atopic dermatitis in children, their pathophysiology and epidemiology. It is an important issue since appropriate diagnosis and prophylaxis or further treatment are crucial to prevent serious complications including loss of vision.
The Use of the Prism Adaptation Test and Monocular Occlusion in the Preoperative Preparation of a Patient with Strabismus
Authors: Zarębska-Lindner Magdalena , Rosa Agnieszka
Published: February 2024

In patients with strabismus the prism adaptation test and monocular occlusion allow revealing the maximum angle of deviation before strabismus surgery. Furthermore, these procedures are helpful in differentiating the types of strabismus.
Botulinum Toxin in Strabismus Treatment – Review of Indications in the Light of Evidence-based Medicine
Authors: Pirwitz Dominika , Loba Piotr
Published: February 2024

Botulinum toxin injection is a long known method of treating strabismus. Scientific reports assessing the effectiveness of its use in strabismic patients are reviewed. The article presents the indications for this method of treatment in accordance to evidence-based medicine.
Acute Acquired Esotropia Secondary to Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension in a Child Receiving Recombinant Human Growth Hormone
Authors: Urban Beata , Bakunowicz-Łazarczyk Alina , Pawłowski Wojciech
Published: February 2024

Purpose

Recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) has been used for treatment of growth hormone deficient children over 30 years. The rhGH has been demonstrated to have a relatively wide safety margin, but therapy requires strict monitoring. Headaches, especially in the first few months of therapy, require close evaluation as idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is found infrequently. To present acute esotropia secondary to idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) in the course of recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH)
therapy.

Material and Methods

A 6-year-old girl, treated for growth hormone deficiency, developed acute esotropia and headache 2 months after starting rhGH therapy. IIH with bilateral papilloedema was diagnosed. The rhGH was discontinued.

Results

Papilledema resolved with the discontinuation of rhGH, and treatment with acetazolamide. Visual acuity was unchanged. The patient’s strabismus resolved after 7 weeks. Two months later rhGH therapy was restarted at a lower dose and gradually increased. Treatment continued for nine years, without any side effects.

Conclusions

Acute onset esotropia can be the first sign of a intracranial hypertension in a child receiving rhGH. Children treated with rhGH should have a complete ophthalmic evaluation and should be carefully monitored, if they report headache or visual disturbances.
THE USE OF TECHNOLOGIES IN THE TEACHING AND LEARNING PROCESS IN EARLY EARLY EDUCATION
Authors: Carneiro de Lima Valdeni , Rejane Brasileiro Costa Ilmara , Lima Silva Judivan , Dias da Silva Damiana , Pereira de Caldas Marinez , Paulo Pereira Rosimary , Das Graças da Silva Souza Maria , do Socorro Almeida Angelo Segunda Maria
Published: February 2024

Considered to be the true ‘door to the educational process’, it is clear that early childhood education needs to develop considering the use of technological resources in the classroom. This is because in today’s world, children have constant interaction with technology, developing skills in which they surpass adults. Therefore, there is no way to develop early childhood education without this type of resource. The non-inclusion of technologies in this educational modality constitutes an attempt to develop an educational process disconnected from reality. Regardless of the type of media used, technologies are important for early childhood education, as they are indispensable tools nowadays that, combined with the educator’s knowledge, provide children’s development. This is a bibliographical review with the aim of discussing the use of technologies in the teaching and learning process of early childhood education.
IMPACT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON THE EPIDEMIOLOGY OF AIDS IN BRAZIL
Authors: Francisco Machado Pereira Antônio , Mendes de Carvalho Thulio , Maria Andreoli Fellini Beatriz , De Souza Sabino Franklin , Abdon Jude Todohlan Savoeda Jésuton , Nicolle dos Santos Vargas Gabriela , José da Rocha Silva Jardeson , Prudêncio Ibiapina de Morais Victor , Antônia Oliveira Machado Pereira Maria , De Sousa Alves Matheus
Published: February 2024

Introduction: The HIV/AIDS epidemic poses a global challenge to public health, exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Investigating the effects of this health crisis on AIDS epidemiology in Brazil is crucial. Methodology: Epidemiological, descriptive, and retrospective study using SINAN data from 2014 to 2022, totaling 187,947 cases. Quantitative analysis of distribution by sex, age, race, and region. Results: Reduction in cases observed from 2017, more pronounced in men and in the Southeast and South regions. Male predominance (70% of cases). Concentration in the age range of 20 to 49 years (75% of cases). Browns and blacks more affected. Discussion: Integration of different epidemiological dimensions provides a comprehensive overview of the epidemic in Brazil. Highlights the need for tailored public policies, improvement of information systems, and surveillance. Conclusion: Between 2014 and 2022, analysis of AIDS epidemiological data in Brazil reveals a decrease in diagnoses, particularly among men in the Southeast and South, with possible underreporting. Male predominance, concentration of cases among 20 to 49-year-olds, and racial disparities necessitate customized policies. Enhancing information systems is crucial.
Las controversias inversor-Estado receptor en América Latina
Authors: Enríquez Perales Sarela
Published: February 2024

En los últimos años, el arbitraje internacional sobre inversiones (AII) ha sido el método más utilizado para solucionar controversias surgidas entre un Estado e inversores extranjeros. La opción del arbitraje internacional se encuentra estipulada en la mayor parte de cuerpos legales internacionales referidos a la solución de controversias entre inversores y Estados y suelen formar parte integrante de diversos acuerdos internacionales de inversiones contemporáneos.Suele ser frecuente que los Estados receptores que desean atraer y promover la inversión extranjera ofrezcan previsibilidad jurídica a los inversores extranjeros mediante la promoción del arbitraje internacional como medio para abordar controversias. En contraparte, los inversores extranjeros tienen predilección por el arbitraje internacional frente a otras alternativas de solución de controversias, al considerarlo como un procedimiento rápido, con foro neutro, eficaz y flexible.En el presente trabajo se analizan las controversias inversor-Estado en el contexto de América Latina. En concreto, partiendo de la información que provee la base de datos del CIADI, se estudian diversos aspectos de los procesos de arbitraje que tienen como parte involucrada a algún país de la región.
El acceso por la Inspección a los dispositivos electrónicos fuera del domicilio del contribuyente: derechos fundamentales afectados y medidas de protección
Authors: Malvárez Pascual Luis A.
Published: February 2024

La Sentencia del Tribunal Supremo 1207/2023, de 29 de septiembre, ha determinado que la Administración tributaria no puede adoptar una medida cautelar consistente en el precintado y copiado masivo de los datos contenidos en un ordenador portátil fuera del domicilio del contribuyente, salvo en determinadas circunstancias. En particular, el TS concluye que solo se puede examinar la información alojada en un dispositivo electrónico personal si previamente se ha obtenido la autorización judicial que permita dicho acceso y solo si se trata de datos con trascendencia tributaria, pues en ningún caso se puede acceder a los datos de carácter personal del contribuyente.
La investigación universitaria puede deducir íntegramente el IVA soportado
Authors: Pedreira Menéndez José
Published: February 2024

La Sentencia del Tribunal Supremo (TS) de 15 de diciembre de 2023 analiza la deducción del impuesto sobre el valor añadido (IVA) soportado por la Universidad de A Coruña en el cuarto trimestre del ejercicio 2012 en sus actividades de investigación. La Audiencia Nacional (Sección Sexta), en su Sentencia de 14 de marzo de 2022, ya había acogido la pretensión de la universidad, pero la Abogacía del Estado recurrió en casación. El TS llega a la conclusión de que no cabe la casación y que no se puede distinguir entre investigación básica y aplicada a los efectos de aplicar una prorrata sobre el IVA soportado en este sector de su actividad. En su opinión, «tal actuar de la Administración tributaria desquicia el sistema».
A descompasso
Authors: Bruce Jorge
Published: February 2024

O autor reflete sobre a identidade do psicanalista e sua relação com a noção de fronteira e a condição do estrangeiro. Se, por um lado, as fronteiras conferem limites e uma sensação de segurança, por outro, correm o risco de – se demasiadamente respeitadas – enrijecer a versatilidade do analista e a sua escuta. O autor faz a defesa de uma psicanálise que leve em conta o contexto social no qual está inserida (uma espécie de psicanálise antropofágica), podendo ser exercida para além dos limites do consultório e considerando a adaptação da teoria aos mais diversos estratos populacionais. Tece, por fim, comentários sobre racismo e psicanálise a partir de ilustrações clínicas.
Um sonho de ciência
Authors: Vicente Henrique , Farate Carlos
Published: February 2024

O presente trabalho explora as fronteiras ténues entre realidade circunstancial e fantasia onírica na tipologia cinematográfica de ficção científica. Partindo de uma breve análise da relação entre psicanálise e cinema, são identificados os elementos que aproximam a psicanálise (como “ciência dos sonhos”) da ficção científica (como “sonho de ciência”) e exploradas as convenções estruturais deste género cinematográfico. Frequentemente, a estrutura fílmica das obras de ficção científica abarca linhas narrativas paralelas que tanto sincrónica, como diacronicamente, combinam dramas individuais, prosaicos e familiares, e eventos grandiosos, fantásticos e alienígenas. Os últimos parecem facultar uma representação onírica das fantasias subjacentes aos primeiros, tornando o filme de ficção científica “paradoxalmente” mais realista do ponto de vista psíquico, ao englobar tanto o comportamento observável dos sujeitos em acção, como a forma como estes podem experienciar, ou representar, internamente/fantasmaticamente os dilemas da sua existência.
A psicanálise e a terceira posição
Authors: Varvin Sverre
Published: February 2024

Atualmente, muitas situações caracterizam-se pela rutura da ordem e da estrutura, deixando as pessoas à mercê de forças desorganizadas (máquinas de guerra, traficantes de seres humanos, etc.), o que tem como consequência a desumanização de pessoas comuns em larga escala, especialmente no domínio dos refugiados. O artigo centra-se na forma como  discursos alienantes sobre o "trauma" e a negligência das sociedades em relação às pessoas traumatizadas aumentam o sofrimento e têm graves consequências para as gerações vindouras. Reflete-se sobre as formas como a psicanálise pode representar uma função mediadora em relação aos processos regressivos de nível individual, grupal e social. É desenvolvida a conceptualização de uma terceira posição a partir da qual a psicanálise pode trabalhar. A terceira posição é vista como inevitável no trabalho clínico psicanalítico, na medida em que a simbolização e o trabalho de elaboração devem estar ancorados num discurso cultural comum. Propõe-se um modelo para repensar a traumatização que desenvolve a conceção da terceira posição em relação a um campo mais amplo e engloba as relações do sujeito numa relação diádica, corporal e afetiva, em relações com o grupo e a família, e em relação com a cultura e  discurso. Este modelo pode servir de base para a compreensão de como atrocidades, catástrofes sociais e  traumatização coletiva podem ser trabalhadas a nível individual e social. São apresentados exemplos clínicos para iluminar estes processos.
Noite das palavras
Authors: Carreiras Maria Antónia
Published: February 2024

Este artigo, cujo título advém de um verso do poeta Paul Celan, aborda como os traumas colectivos abalam os fundamentos relacionais, intersubjectivos e sociais constitutivos da psique, atacando a matriz intrapsíquica representativa da díade empática “eu-tu”. Ora a ausência de possibilidade de diálogo entre o “eu” e o “tu” internos vai inviabilizar a simbolização da experiência traumática vivida e a constituição de narrativas, remetendo as vítimas de traumas colectivos para a “noite das palavras”. O trabalho clínico com estes pacientes exige “um terapeuta empático e apaixonado”, que potencie o cerzir da teia relacional eu-tu destruída e que, simultaneamente, reconheça a verdade histórica vivida. Mas o trabalho psíquico individual não é independente da memória e da elaboração psíquica colectivas, apoia-se nelas, alimenta-se delas (e alimenta-as). O sujeito que foi violentado no seu espaço interno e, também, no espaço comum e partilhado, não pode prescindir do reconhecimento e da inscrição, pela comunidade, do que realmente se passou. E o surgir, no tecido social, da polifonia de múltiplas narrativas, semelhantes e diferentes, mobiliza funções figurativas e representativas, tanto no indivíduo como no colectivo, para o que, informe e lacunar, parecia indizível.
As cores do corpo
Authors: Vila-Real Ângela
Published: February 2024

A autora relaciona o papel do corpo na organização e coesão identitária com base na dinâmica e na subjectividade de três tipos de casos em que se colocam questões de género ou de adequação do self: indivíduos que pretendem mudar de sexo; indivíduos que, não se identificando  com o género atribuído, não pretendem mudar de sexo; e indivíduos que, tendo sofrido de doença grave precoce, procuram desvalorizar o corpo.  São abordadas algumas formas de compreender a relação entre o corpo e o género e colocadas algumas questões referentes à fluidez de género.
Presentación
Authors: El Editor
Published: February 2024

No hay resúmenes disponibles.
ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 39, No. 426-427, 1984: 181-184.
Condicionamientos socio-políticos del proceso electoral
Authors: Montes Segundo
Published: February 2024

No hay resúmenes disponibles.
ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 39, No. 426-427, 1984: 185-196.
Perfil ideológico de los partidos políticos
Authors: Echeverría Santiago
Published: February 2024

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 39, No. 426-427, 1984: 221-228.
fuerza armada ante las elecciones
Authors: Jiménez Susana
Published: February 2024

No hay resúmenes disponibles.
ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 39, No. 426-427, 1984: 265-276.
FDR-FMLN ante las elecciones de 1984
Authors: Campos Tomás R.
Published: February 2024

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 39, No. 426-427, 1984: 277-287.
El sistema familiar de producción de nopal verdura (Opuntia ficus indica L.) en San Pablo Ixquitlán, Méx. Importancia y estrategias de funcionamiento
Authors: Pedraza-Reyes Karen Amellaly , Pérez Olvera Ma. Antonia , Navarro-Garza Hermilio , Espejel García Anastasio
Published: February 2024

El nopal (Opuntia ficus indica L) es una cactácea de importancia económica, gastronómica y como fuente de empleo en México. Uno de los principales desafíos para este cultivo es el control de plagas, principalmente la grana cochinilla (Dactylopius coccus), sin embargo, no se cuenta con regulación oficial documentada para el uso de plaguicidas. Se realizó una investigación en el ciclo de invierno 2022, aplicando una encuesta estructurada a 30 productores de San Pablo, Ixquitlán, para conocer las prácticas de manejo del cultivo de nopal verdura en la región. Se realizó análisis de fertilidad de suelo a 10 huertas y análisis de residuos de plaguicidas a 8 muestras. Los resultados muestran que la producción de nopal verdura está ligada al trabajo familiar y mano de obra contratada. Las huertas son mantenidas con podas selectivas, riego mensual y control de arvenses. Los suelos presentan buenos niveles de nutrientes, los cuales se fertilizan con químicos, estiércol de ganado y composta. El control de plagas principalmente químico, aunque con posibles repercusiones ambientales y sanitarias. De los residuos encontrados solo el Chlorpiryfos rebasa el LMP para frutas y hortalizas. El 50% de las muestras analizadas no presentó residuos y hay evidencia de manejo alternativo para el control de plagas, control de herbáceas y nutrición del cultivo, por lo que resulta necesario difundir este manejo agroecológico a nivel tanto local como regional, con un impacto en la calidad final del producto.
La participación política de las mujeres: La disputa por la presidencia municipal en Acambay, Estado de México
Authors: Ronquillo Arvizu Martín , Korsbaek Leif
Published: February 2024

El presente trabajo es una exploración sobre la participación de las mujeres enprocesos electorales a nivel municipal. Mediante relatos recabados en campo,intentamos dar cuenta de la pluralidad y de la desigualdad en la ocupación de cargospúblicos, en el municipio de Acambay, estado de México. Presentamos tres casosde relatos biográficos, obtenidos a través de entrevistas, en torno a la participaciónpolítica de las mujeres en los partidos políticos. Se pretende demostrar que, más allá de las diferencias de género, factores étnicos, económicos y sociales inciden sobre la participación femenina en dichos procesos.
Assessment of Nutritional Potential of Some Mixed Non-Conventional Feed Resources in Aliero Lga of Kebbi State, Nigeria
Authors: Muftau M. A. , A. A Kwaido. , Ribah M. I , Bello S
Published: February 2024

Non-conventional plant and animal origin of farm and agro industrial wastes are potential feed materials and are being exploited for livestock production in Nigeria. Thus an experiment was conducted to evaluate the nutritional potential of millet panicle husk mixed with molasses solution and different levels of poultry dung. Millet panicle husks were measured using a weighing balance and prepared in to four different samples (A, B, C and D) each weighing 100g. A solution of molasses (70cL) was prepared with water (30cL) and mixed with the samples except with sample A (control). Thereafter, dried poultry dung was mixed to each four sample of millet panicle husk at; 0%, 20%, 30% and 40% to make a ratio; 100:00, 80:20, 70:30 and 60:40 designated as treatments; A, B, C and D. Samples were replicated three times in a completely randomized design and oven dried at 650C for 48 hours and were taken to the laboratory for proximate, fiber fractions, minerals and phytochemical analysis. Treatment of millet panicle husk with molasses and varying levels of poultry dung improved (p<0.05) chemical composition of mixture. Treatment D had higher CP, ash, NCF and Na (19.25%, 11.00%, 43.65% and 20.00mg/g) respectively and lower CF (21.54%), ADF (33.20%) and ADL (9.09%) were obtained in treatment C. The phytochemical components (saponin, cyanide, tannin and phenolic) measured were also higher in treatment D (12.30%, 136.18mg/dl, 34.88mg/dl and 21.89mg/dl) respectively. Results suggested that mixture of molasses solution and poultry dung with millet panicle husk improved feeding value of millet panicle husk which may serves as ruminant feed during forage scarcity.
OS VIESES DA EVOLUÇÃO DA EDUCAÇÃO DE JOVENS E ADULTOS - EJA NO BRASIL E OS SEUS MEANDROS
Authors: Torino Luciana Garcia , Sousa Keilor da Silva de , Rodriguez Jesus Alves
Published: February 2024

Partindo-se da premissa de que a alfabetização não é apenas um ato mecânico que visa à memorização de letras e números em prol de um sentido e construção de frases, mas sim o aprimoramento do aprendizado em consonância ao conhecimento de mundo do aluno, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar o percurso da evolução da política pública Educação de Jovens e Adultos - EJA no Brasil, o qual foi se desenhando em meados do século XX com a Lei Rocha Vaz que criou várias escolas noturnas, bem como apresentar os perfis que fazem parte do programa, a importância de se adotar novos métodos de avaliação, além da tradicional nota proferida numa prova, assim como não infantilizar o aprendizado dos jovens e adultos de modo a valorizar os conhecimentos trazidos pelos educandos. Neste sentido, acredita-se que a o processo de ensino-aprendizagem deste público deve partir da realidade da qual os educando fazem parte. Logo, para a elaboração do estudo em tela, realizou-se uma pesquisa de cunho bibliográfico com vistas a evidenciar a trajetória evolutiva da política pública EJA no Brasil e a sua relevância justifica-se em razão de apresentar subsídios acerca da importância de se adotarem novas metodologias de ensino para ministrar os conteúdos da grade curricular em prol de uma aprendizagem significativa e para que não haja a demasiada evasão de alunos.
ALÉM DO ACELERADO: COMPREENDENDO O HIPERTIREOIDISMO E SEUS FATORES PREDISPONENTES
Authors: Souza Thifisson Ribeiro de , Villela Bárbara Souto , Sales Isabella Caldeira de , Volpe Marina Ferreira Chagas , Ramos Ian Emanuel de Souza
Published: February 2024

O hipertireoidismo é uma condição endócrina caracterizada pela produção e liberação excessivas de hormônios tireoidianos (tiroxina [T4] e triiodotironina [T3]) pela glândula tireoide. Esses hormônios têm papel crucial na regulação do metabolismo, afetando praticamente todos os sistemas do corpo. A compreensão da etiologia e fisiopatologia do hipertireoidismo é fundamental para o diagnóstico preciso e o tratamento eficaz da doença. Tendo em vista a grande importância do tema, esta revisão narrativa de literatura reuniu artigos das principais bases de dados no intuito de apontar quais são os possíveis fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento do hipertireoidismo. Concluiu-se que o hipertireoidismo é uma condição complexa com múltiplas causas e um amplo espectro de manifestações clínicas. Sua etiologia varia desde doenças autoimunes até nódulos tireoidianos autônomos e efeitos iatrogênicos. O entendimento detalhado desses processos é crucial para o manejo efetivo do hipertireoidismo, permitindo intervenções terapêuticas direcionadas para mitigar os sintomas e prevenir complicações severas.
Moist bias in the Pacific upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UTLS) in climate models affects regional circulation patterns
Authors: Ploeger Felix , Birner Thomas , Charlesworth Edward , Konopka Paul , Müller Rolf
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Water vapour in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UTLS) is a key radiative agent and a crucial factor in the Earth's climate system. Here, we investigate a common regional moist bias in the Pacific UTLS during Northern Hemisphere summer in state-of-the-art climate models. We demonstrate, through a combination of climate model experiments and satellite observations, that the Pacific moist bias amplifies local long-wave cooling, which ultimately impacts regional circulation systems in the UTLS. Related impacts involve a strengthening of isentropic potential vorticity gradients, strengthened westerlies in the Pacific westerly duct region, and a zonally displaced anticyclonic monsoon circulation. Furthermore, we show that the regional Pacific moist bias can be significantly reduced by applying a Lagrangian, less-diffusive transport scheme and that such a model improvement could be important for improving the simulation of regional circulation systems, in particular in the Asian monsoon and Pacific region.
Multiscale assessment of North American terrestrial carbon balance
Authors: Foster Kelsey T. , Sun Wu , Shiga Yoichi P. , Mao Jiafu , Michalak Anna M.
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Comparisons of carbon uptake estimates from bottom-up terrestrial biosphere models (TBMs) to top-down atmospheric inversions help assess how well we understand carbon dioxide (CO2) exchange between the atmosphere and terrestrial biosphere. Previous comparisons have shown varying levels of agreement between bottom-up and top-down approaches, but they have almost exclusively focused on large, aggregated scales (e.g., global or continental), providing limited insights into reasons for the mismatches. Here we explore how consistency, defined as the spread in net ecosystem exchange (NEE) estimates within an ensemble of TBMs or inversions, varies with at finer spatial scales ranging from 1∘×1∘ to the continent of North America. We also evaluate how well consistency informs accuracy in overall NEE estimates by filtering models based on their agreement with the variability, magnitude, and seasonality in observed atmospheric CO2 drawdowns or enhancements. We find that TBMs produce more consistent estimates of NEE for most regions and at most scales relative to inversions. Filtering models using atmospheric CO2 metrics causes ensemble spread to decrease substantially for TBMs, but not for inversions. This suggests that ensemble spread is likely not a reliable measure of the uncertainty associated with the North American carbon balance at any spatial scale. Promisingly, applying atmospheric CO2 metrics leads to a set of models with converging flux estimates across TBMs and inversions. Overall, we show that multiscale assessment of the agreement between bottom-up and top-down NEE estimates, aided by regional-scale observational constraints is a promising path towards identifying fine-scale sources of uncertainty and improving both ensemble consistency and accuracy. These findings help refine our understanding of biospheric carbon balance, particularly at scales relevant for informing regional carbon-climate feedbacks.
Influence of Atmospheric Circulation on the Interannual Variability of Transport from Global and Regional Emissions into the Arctic
Authors: Zheng Cheng , Wu Yutian , Ting Mingfang , Orbe Clara
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Trace gases and aerosols play a crucial role in shaping Arctic climate through their impacts on radiation and chemistry. The concentration of these substances over the Arctic is largely determined by long-range transport originating from midlatitude and tropical source regions. In this study, we explore how atmospheric circulation modulates the interannual variability of long-range transport into the Arctic by utilizing a chemistry climate model. Idealized tracers, which have fixed lifetimes and spatially varying but temporally fixed surface emission corresponding to the climatology of anthropogenic emissions of the year 2000, are employed to isolate the role of atmospheric transport from emission and chemistry in modulating interannual variability. Tracers emitted from different source regions are tagged to quantify their relative contributions. Model simulations reveal that tracers from Europe, East Asia, and North America contribute the most to Arctic tracer mass, followed by those from the Tibetan Plateau and South Asia, and the Middle East. These regional tracers are predominantly transported into the Arctic mid-to-upper troposphere, with the exception of tracers from Europe during winter, which are transported into the Arctic lower troposphere. Our analysis shows that the interannual variability of transport into the Arctic for each regional tracer is determined by the atmospheric circulation over the corresponding emission region, i.e., anomalous poleward and eastward winds over the source region promote transport into the Arctic. Considering tracers with global emissions, a southward shift of the midlatitude jet during winter favours increased transport into the Arctic, particularly for tracers emitted over Asia, aligning with previous studies. Comparisons of tracers with different lifetimes indicate that the interannual variability of shorter lifetime tracers is predominantly influenced by regional tracers with shorter transport pathways into the Arctic (e.g., Europe), while the interannual variability of longer lifetime tracers is more contributed by regional tracers with higher emissions (e.g., East Asia).
Shifting values at the cemetery – the artistic interventions of DeathLab
Authors: Winkel Mirko , Siedhoff Mathias , Wintzer Jeannine
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Cemeteries are a reflection of the values, history, and composition of their respective communities. Current social developments are therefore also visible through them. The contribution describes the work of DeathLab, a public event series that uses contemporary artist-designed urns as a means of exploring shifting values in funeral culture through physical manifestations. The events involve visits to places associated with farewells and allow for discussions about the cultural significance of death and mourning practices. The practices surrounding death and the artifacts associated with them, such as urns and cemeteries, are intertwined with population geography considerations, and incorporating these elements into scientific analysis such as through artistic interventions holds great promise.
Numerical coupling of aerosol emissions, dry removal, and turbulent mixing in the E3SM Atmosphere Model version 1 (EAMv1) – Part 1: Dust budget analyses and the impacts of a revised coupling scheme
Authors: Wan Hui , Zhang Kai , Vogl Christopher J. , Woodward Carol S. , Easter Richard C. , Rasch Philip J. , Feng Yan , Wang Hailong
Published: February 2024

Abstract. An earlier study evaluating dust life cycle in the Energy Exascale Earth System Model (E3SM) Atmosphere Model version 1 (EAMv1) has revealed that the simulated global mean dust lifetime is substantially shorter when higher vertical resolution is used, primarily due to significant strengthening of dust dry removal in source regions. This paper demonstrates that the sequential splitting of aerosol emissions, dry removal, and turbulent mixing in the model's time integration loop, especially the calculation of dry removal after surface emissions and before turbulent mixing, is the primary reason for the vertical resolution sensitivity reported in that earlier study. Based on this reasoning, we propose a revised numerical process coupling scheme that requires the least amount of code changes, in which the surface emissions are applied before turbulent mixing instead of before dry removal. The revised scheme allows newly emitted particles to be transported aloft by turbulence before being removed from the atmosphere, and hence better resembles the dust life cycle in the real world. Sensitivity experiments show that the revised process coupling substantially weakens dry removal and strengthens vertical mixing in dust source regions. It also strengthens the large-scale transport from source to non-source regions, strengthens dry removal outside the source regions, and strengthens wet removal and activation globally. In transient simulations of the years 2000–2009 conducted using 1∘ horizontal grid spacing, 72 vertical layers, and unchanged tuning parameters of emission strength, the revised process coupling leads to a 40 % increase in the global total dust burden and an increase of dust lifetime from 1.8 to 2.5 d in terms of 10-year averages. Weakened dry removal and increased mixing ratios are also seen for other aerosol species that have substantial surface emissions, although the changes in mixing ratio are considerably smaller for the submicron species than for dust and sea salt. Numerical experiments confirm that the revised coupling scheme significantly reduces the strong and non-physical sensitivities of model results to vertical resolution in the original EAMv1. This provides a motivation for adopting the revised scheme in EAM as well as for further improvements on the simple revision presented in this paper.
Benchmarking GOCART-2G in the Goddard Earth Observing System (GEOS)
Authors: Collow Allison B. , Colarco Peter R. , da Silva Arlindo M. , Buchard Virginie , Bian Huisheng , Chin Mian , Das Sampa , Govindaraju Ravi , Kim Dongchul , Aquila Valentina
Published: February 2024

Abstract. The Goddard Chemistry Aerosol Radiation and Transport (GOCART) model, which controls the sources, sinks, and chemistry of aerosols within the Goddard Earth Observing System (GEOS), recently underwent a major refactoring and update, including a revision of the emissions datasets and the addition of brown carbon. A 4-year benchmark simulation utilizing the new version of the model code, termed GOCART Second Generation (GOCART-2G) and coupled to the Goddard Earth Observing System (GEOS) model, was evaluated using in situ and spaceborne measurements to develop a baseline and prioritize future development. A comparison of simulated aerosol optical depth between GOCART-2G and MODIS retrievals indicates the model captures the overall spatial pattern and seasonal cycle of aerosol optical depth but overestimates aerosol extinction over dusty regions and underestimates aerosol extinction over Northern Hemisphere boreal forests, requiring further investigation and tuning of emissions. This MODIS-based analysis is corroborated by comparisons to MISR and selected AERONET stations; however, discrepancies between the Aqua and Terra satellites indicate there is a diurnal component to biases in aerosol optical depth over southern Asia and northern Africa. Despite the underestimate of aerosol optical depth in biomass burning regions in GEOS, there is an overestimate in the surface mass of organic carbon in the United States, especially during the summer months. Over Europe, GOCART-2G is unable to match the summertime peak in aerosol optical depth, opposing the observed late fall and early spring peaks in surface mass concentration. A comparison of the vertical profile of attenuated backscatter to observations from CALIPSO indicates the GEOS model is capable of capturing the vertical profile of aerosol; however, the mid-troposphere plumes of dust in the North Atlantic and smoke in the southeastern Atlantic are perhaps too low in altitude. The results presented highlight priorities for future development with GOCART-2G, including improvements for dust, biomass burning aerosols, and anthropogenic aerosols.
Soil water sources and their implications for vegetation restoration in the Three-Rivers Headwater Region during different ablation periods
Authors: Li Zongxing , Gui Juan , Cui Qiao , Xue Jian , Du Fa , Si Lanping
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Amid global warming, the timely supplementation of soil water is crucial for the effective restoration and protection of the ecosystem. It is therefore of great importance to understand the temporal and spatial variations of soil water sources. The research collected 2451 samples of soil water, precipitation, river water, ground ice, supra-permafrost water, and glacier snow meltwater in June, August, and September 2020. The goal was to quantify the contribution of various water sources to soil water in the Three-Rivers Headwater Region (China) during different ablation periods. The findings revealed that precipitation, ground ice, and snow meltwater constituted approximately 72 %, 20 %, and 8 % of soil water during the early ablation period. The snow is fully liquefied during the latter part of the ablation period, with precipitation contributing approximately 90 % and 94 % of soil water, respectively. These recharges also varied markedly with altitude and vegetation type. The study identified several influencing factors on soil water sources, including temperature, precipitation, vegetation, evapotranspiration, and the freeze–thaw cycle. However, soil water loss will further exacerbate vegetation degradation and pose a significant threat to the ecological security of the “Chinese Water Tower”. It emphasizes the importance of monitoring soil water, addressing vegetation degradation related to soil water loss, and determining reasonable soil and water conservation and vegetation restoration models.
The Profile of Undergraduate Students' Ability in Writing Exposition Text
Authors: Permatasari Silvy , Fiki Susanto Allvian Ika
Published: February 2024

This study was aimed to identify the ability of first-semester students' class of 2023/2024 in writing analytical exposition texts according to CEFR level at UNK Semarang and identify the problems faced as well as solutions to these problems. The data were taken from 35 students' writing products and the results of interviews with several students. Data analysis for assessment writing will use Ratnaningsih' theory and CEFR. This research uses mixed methods, in the first stage the researchers will carry out a quantitative method first (calculating writing test scores) and then the researchers will carry out a qualitative method (interviews). The results of this study showed that the writing skill level of participants is at level C1, where the highest aspect obtained by most students is content and the lowest aspect is mechanics. Apart from that, the main problems in writing analytical exposition text are grammar, vocabulary, spelling, punctuation, and capitalization. Lastly, researchers can propose for the problems in this study is to increase or diligently practice writing in English, note down a new vocabulary that has never been known before and increase knowledge with various kinds of references found, for example from YouTube.
Blood supply to the peripheral nerves of the extremities: anatomical data and clinical significance
Authors: Baytinger A. V.
Published: February 2024

Compression of nerves in anatomical canals in the upper extremities is quite common. The cause of secondary compression is a change in the contents of the canal or its geometry, for example, in rheumatoid arthritis, intracanal tumors or trauma accompanied by damage to the canal walls. The etiology of primary compressions is still unclear. It is believed that the cause may be impaired blood circulation in the nerve and disruption of the blood-neural barrier. In this regard, understanding the anatomical aspects of the blood supply to the nerves of the extremities becomes incredibly relevant. The paper provides an overview of the available data on the options for blood supply to the nerves of the extremities. A theory has been put forward about the origin of the venoarterial reflex in the pathogenesis of compression neuropathy.
Subject Index 2023
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: February 2024

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Supply Chain Management and Business Performance of Shipping Firms in Port Harcourt
Authors: C. C. Ifekanandu , C. I. Ihuoma , B. A. Rennner , T. O. Lawrence
Published: February 2024

The study examined the relationship between supply chain management and business performance of shipping firms in Port Harcourt. The study adopted quantitative research design using a correlational method of investigation. The population consists of 16 shipping firms in Port Harcourt. The study adopted census sampling and studied the entire 16 firms with focus on managers. The reliability of the instrument was determined using Cronbach's alpha test with the aid of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23 and it stood at 0.88 higher than the benchmark of 0.7. The data collected for this study were analyzed through inferential statistics. The Spearman Rank Correlation Technique was employed to test the various hypotheses formulated through the aid of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The results revealed that supply chain management is significantly and positively related with business performance of shipping firms in Port Harcourt. Based on the findings, it was concluded that supply chain management with its dimension of supply chain integration and reverse logistics will improve business performance of shipping firms in Port Harcourt on the basis of the results obtained from the analysis. The study recommends that shipping firms should adopt reverse logistics as this would ensure customer after-sale satisfaction which in turn results in improvement in business performance, and also, shipping firms should integrate their supplies as this would enable them to improve business performance.
Optimization of transport constraints and quality of service for joint resolution of uncertain scheduling and the job-shop problem with routing (JSSPR) as opposed to the job-shop problem with transport (JSSPT)
Authors: Assafra Khadija , Alaya Bechir , Zidi Salah , Zrigui Mounir
Published: February 2024

To better meet the qualitative and quantitative requirements of customers or relevant sector managers, workshop environments are implementing increasingly complex task management systems. The job shop scheduling problem (JSSP) involves assigning each task to a single machine while scheduling many tasks on different machines. Finding the best scheduling for machines is one of the challenging optimizations of difficult non-deterministic polynomial (NP) time problems. The fundamental goal of optimization is to shorten the makespan (total execution time of all tasks). This paper is interested in the joint resolution of scheduling and transport problems and more particularly the Job-shop problem with Routing (JSSPR) as opposed to the Job-shop problem with Transport (JSSPT). These two problems are modeled in the form of a disjunctive graph. For the JSSPT, the solution to the transport problem is not linked to any quality of service (QoS) criterion and the solution is therefore often semi-active. The Job-shop with Routing explicitly considers transport operations and uses algorithms from the transport community to solve the transport problem. It is shown that the routing part of the JSSPR is a problem of the vehicle routing family and of the Pickup and Delivery Problem family. QoS in the JSSPR is defined by the duration of tours, the duration of transport of parts and the waiting time for them. A new evaluation function – named Time-Lag Insertion Heuristic (TLH) – is proposed to evaluate a disjunctive graph by simultaneously minimizing the makespan and maximizing the quality of service. Thus, the solution obtained is not semi-active, but a compromise between the different criteria. This evaluation function is included in a metaheuristic. Our numerical evaluations demonstrate that, on the one hand, the TLH evaluation can find almost optimal solutions regarding the QoS criterion; and on the other hand, the TLH evaluation is not very sensitive to the order of insertion of the maximum time-lags during the different minimization steps.
No idle flow shop scheduling models with separated set-up times and concept of job weightage to optimize rental cost of machines
Authors: Singla Shakuntala , Kaur Harshleen , Gupta Deepak , Kaur Jatinder
Published: February 2024

The current paper investigates a two-stage flow shop scheduling model with no idle restriction, in which the time taken by machines to set-up is separately considered from the processing time. Owing to inherent usefulness as well as relevance in real-world situations, jobs' weight has additionally included. To eliminate machine idle time and cutting machine cost of rental, the reason for the conduct of the study is to provide a heuristic algorithm which, once put into practice, processes jobs in an optimal way, guarantees in smallest conceivable make span. Multiple computational examples generated in MATLAB 2019a serve as testament to the efficacy of the proposed strategy. The outcomes are contrasted with the current methods that Johnson, Palmer and NEH have demonstrated.
Coleção Interdisciplinaridade em Rede
Authors:   Décio Nascimento Guimarães
Published: February 2024

A Coleção Interdisciplinaridade em Rede, organizada pelo Prof. Dr. Décio Nascimento Guimarães, reune profissionais de diversas áreas com o objetivo de expor diferentes temáticas e cenários, bem como promover diálogos interdisciplinares.
Therapeutic effects of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) and Iron Supplementation on Hemoglobin Level among Pregnant women
Authors: Purba Agnes , Letchmi Panduragan Santhana , Babu Natarajan Satheesh , Sembiring Rinawati , Syapitri Henny , Poddar Ruma
Published: February 2024

Background: Anemia occurs in 48.7% of pregnancies and causes various problems. Giving iron tablets as much as 60 mg per day for three months has not been able to overcome anemia that occurs in pregnancy because of complaints such as constipation, consumption of iron tablets together with types of food that inhibit absorption and not a variety of food consumption. Iron absorption will be more optimal if consumed with vegetables, especially those that contain lots of vitamin C. One option that can help meet iron needs and increase iron absorption is by consuming Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.).Okra is rich in carbohydrates, protein, minerals such as iron, folic acid and vitamins C and A. Objective: Globally, studies regarding the benefits of Okra for increasing hemoglobin have not been carried out. Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim of knowing the effectiveness of Okrain the treatment of anemia by increasing hemoglobin levels of pregnant women. Methods: This research is experimental study with pre-test and post-test approaches. The population in this study were all pregnant women with gestational age 16-32 weeks with Hb levels less than 11 gr/dl. The number of samples is 100 people taken by purposive sampling technique. Infused Okrawater is given as much as 150 ml every day for 90 days. After 90 days, the second Hb level was checked using the Hb test kit, then checked the data and data were analyzed using paired t-test. Results: There was a significant difference in the average hemoglobin level in the intervention group that was given infused water Okra + iron tablets and there was also a significant difference in the control group, which was only given iron tablets. Conclusions: Positive effect was seen after giving infused Okrawater along with the consumption of iron tablets in pregnant women.
The Influence of the coating on the release of Ibuprofen from the Tablet: Comparative Dissolution Study of the different types of coating
Authors: Bennani Ismail , Cherif Chefchaouni Ali , Benhaddou Hajar , Chentoufi Alami Madiha , Moukafih Badreddine , El Marrakchi Soufiane , Fahry Aicha , El Alaoui Yassir , Rahali Younes , El Kartouti Abdeslam , Hafidi Youssef , Laatiris Abdelkader , Cherkaoui Nawal
Published: February 2024

Ibuprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug known for its remarkable therapeutic effects. It can be available in different forms among which are coated and sugar-coated tablets.The objective of this study was to compare the dissolution profile between these two forms. The study was conducted with 5 ibuprofen drugs: 3 generics and one reference drug based on coated tablets, and one drug containing the coated tablets.The parameters used to evaluate and compare the dissolution profiles were the similarity (f2) and difference (f1) factors.The results obtained showed similar dissolution profiles for the two types of coating, with a more significant release for the sugar-coated tabletsduring the first 30 minutes.Dissolution studies are important studies to establish equivalence between generic and brand name drugs, and also to predict the release of the AP.