bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Factors which impact the length of hospitalisation and death rate of COVID-19 patients based on initial triage using capillary blood gas tests: a single centre study
Authors: Ilczak Tomasz , Micor Alicja , Waksmańska Wioletta , Bobiński Rafał , Kawecki Marek
Published: October 2022

An important element in the effective treatment of patients infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus during the pandemic is an effective early triage to determine patient allocation and in-patient therapy. This paper assesses the prognostic value of capillary blood gas tests in predicting extended hospitalisation and death due to COVID-19. This retrospective statistical research is based on a group of 200 patients, hospitalised from 15 October 2020 to 08 March 2021. The study utilised the treatment documentation of these patients hospitalised due to COVID-19 at the Pulmonology and Thoracic Surgery Centre in Bystra (Southern Poland) during this period. The hospital has 50 beds with access to oxygen for COVID-19 patients and a five-bed intensive care unit. On the basis of the obtained results, conclusions were drawn that the need for early oxygen therapy with an oxygen mask and low pH values in capillary blood are significant risk factors for prolonging hospitalisation due to COVID-19. Age, the need for early oxygen mask therapy and low oxygen saturation are important risk factors for death from COVID-19. Capillary blood gas analysis is a simple and effective method of early in-patient segregation of COVID-19 patients.
Unconventional pairing in few-fermion systems at finite temperature
Authors: Pęcak Daniel , Sowiński Tomasz
Published: October 2022

Attractively interacting two-component mixtures of fermionic particles confined in a one-dimensional harmonic trap are investigated. Properties of balanced and imbalanced systems are systematically explored with the exact diagonalization approach, focusing on the finite-temperature effects. Using single- and two-particle density distributions, specific non-classical pairing correlations are analyzed in terms of the noise correlations—quantity directly accessible in state-of-the-art experiments with ultra-cold atoms. It is shown that along with increasing temperature, any imbalanced system hosting Fulde–Ferrel–Larkin–Ovchinnikov pairs crossovers to a standard Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer one characterized by zero net momentum of resulting pairs. By performing calculations for systems with different imbalances, the approximate boundary between the two phases on a phase diagram is determined.
Efficacy of a local anesthetic gel infusion kit for pain relief after minimally invasive colorectal surgery: an open-label, randomized clinical trial
Authors: Shin Jung Kyong , Jeong Heejoon , Lee Woo Yong , Yun Seong Hyeon , Cho Yong Beom , Huh Jung Wook , Park Yoon Ah , Sim Woo Seog , Kim Hee Cheol
Published: October 2022

Continuous wound infusion with local anesthesia is an effective method for reducing postoperative pain after laparoscopic colorectal surgery. However, most subcutaneous local anesthesia is delivered through continuous injection, which can be inconvenient for patients. This study compared the effectiveness of postoperative pain relief from the application of a local poloxamer 407-based ropivacaine hydrogel (Gel) to the incision site with continuous infusion-type ropivacaine administration (On-Q) in patients undergoing laparoscopic colorectal surgery. This prospective, randomized, non-inferiority study included 61 patients who underwent laparoscopic colorectal surgery with an incision length of 3–6 cm. All 61 patients were randomly assigned to the Gel group (poloxamer 407-based 0.75% ropivacaine, 22.5 mg) or the On-Q group (0.2% ropivacaine, 4 mg/hour for two days). Postoperative analgesia was induced in all patients with intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (IV-PCA). The outcome measures, which were assessed for 72 h after surgery, included the total amount of fentanyl consumed via IV-PCA (primary endpoint), and the amount of rescue analgesia (pethidine) and postoperative pain intensity assessed using a numeric rating scale (NRS) [secondary endpoints]. The Gel was administered to 31 patients and On-Q was used for 30 patients. There was no significant difference in the total usage of fentanyl between the two groups (Gel group, 1623.98 mcg; On-Q group, 1595.12 mcg; P = 0.806). There was also no significant difference in the frequency of analgesic rescue medication use (P = 0.213) or NRS scores (postoperative 6 h, P = 0.860; 24 h, P = 0.333; 48 h, P = 0.168; and 72 h, P = 0.655) between the two groups. The Gel, which continuously delivers a local anesthetic to operative sites, can thus be considered an effective device for analgesia and pain relief for midline incisions in laparoscopic colorectal surgery.
Coupling strategy between high-index and mid-index micro-metric waveguides for O-band applications
Authors: Skandalos Ilias , Domínguez Bucio Thalía , Mastronardi Lorenzo , Rutirawut Teerapat , Gardes Frederic Y.
Published: October 2022

The integration of fast and power efficient electro-absorption modulators on silicon is of utmost importance for a wide range of applications. To date, Franz-Keldysh modulators formed of bulk Ge or GeSi have been widely adopted due to the simplicity of integration required by the modulation scheme. Nevertheless, to obtain operation for a wider range of wavelengths (O to C band) a thick stack of Ge/GeSi layers forming quantum wells is required, leading to a dramatic increase in the complexity linked to sub-micron waveguide coupling. In this work, we present a proof-of-concept integration between micro-metric waveguides, through the butt-coupling of a $${1.25}\,{\upmu \hbox {m}}$$

1.25

μ
m

thick N-rich silicon nitride (SiN) waveguide with a $${1.25}\,{\upmu \hbox {m}}$$

1.25

μ
m

thick silicon waveguide for O-band operation. A numerical analysis is conducted for the design of the waveguide-to-waveguide interface, with the aim to minimize the power coupling loss and back-reflection levels. The theoretical results are compared to the measured data, demonstrating a coupling loss level of $${0.5}\,\hbox {dB}$$

0.5

dB

for TE and TM polarisation. Based on the SiN-SOI interconnection simulation strategy, the simulation results of a quantum-confined Stark effect (QCSE) stack waveguide coupled to a SiN waveguide are then presented.
Mesenchymal stem cell bioenergetics and apoptosis are associated with risk for bronchopulmonary dysplasia in extremely low birth weight infants
Authors: Hazra Snehashis , Li Rui , Vamesu Bianca M. , Jilling Tamas , Ballinger Scott W. , Ambalavanan Namasivayam , Kandasamy Jegen
Published: October 2022

Oxidant stress contributes significantly to the pathogenesis of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants. Mitochondrial function regulates oxidant stress responses as well as pluripotency and regenerative ability of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) which are critical mediators of lung development. This study was conducted to test whether differences in endogenous MSC mitochondrial bioenergetics, proliferation and survival are associated with BPD risk in ELBW infants. Umbilical cord-derived MSCs of ELBW infants who later died or developed moderate/severe BPD had lower oxygen consumption and aconitase activity but higher extracellular acidification—indicative of mitochondrial dysfunction and increased oxidant stress—when compared to MSCs from infants who survived with no/mild BPD. Hyperoxia-exposed MSCs from infants who died or developed moderate/severe BPD also had lower PINK1 expression but higher TOM20 expression and numbers of mitochondria/cell, indicating that these cells had decreased mitophagy. Finally, these MSCs were also noted to proliferate at lower rates but undergo more apoptosis in cell cultures when compared to MSCs from infants who survived with no/mild BPD. These results indicate that mitochondrial bioenergetic dysfunction and mitophagy deficit induced by oxidant stress may lead to depletion of the endogenous MSC pool and subsequent disruption of lung development in ELBW infants at increased risk for BPD.
Investigation of the effect of fly ash content on the bonding performance of CFRP-concrete interface in sulfate environment
Authors: Liu Shengwei , Li Qi , Zhang Jiawei , Bai Chengyu , Zhao Kun , Jin Gaoming
Published: October 2022

The present study focuses on the investigation of the interfacial bond behavior of carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP)-concrete under dry–wet sulfate cycles by double-sided shear testing. Besides, the effects of fly ash content on the interfacial failure characteristics, interfacial debonding bearing capacity, CFRP strain distribution, and interfacial shear stress peak were analyzed. The interfacial debonding capacity, maximum CFRP strain, and peak value of interfacial shear stress of the CFRP-concrete interface decreased with increasing erosion time under the sulfate dry–wet cycle's action, according to the sulfate dry–wet cycle test results. The sulfate resistance of the CFRP-concrete interface increased after the addition of fly ash. However, the final decrease amplitude of interfacial debonding capacity, CFRP maximum strain, and maximum interfacial shear stress all reduced as the fly ash content increased. The effective bond length of the interface gradually increased with increasing erosion time; however, the change in fly ash content had little effect on the effective bond length, and the final effective bond length of the samples with different fly ash content was the same. Moreover, the CFRP-concrete interfacial bearing capacity model under the sulfate dry–wet cycle was established by introducing sulfate's comprehensive influence coefficient and considering fly ash content's influence. In conclusion, the comparative analysis of the prediction model and test results revealed that the prediction model could well reflect the degradation law of interfacial debonding bearing capacity with sulfate attack time.
Fatty acyl-CoA reductase influences wax biosynthesis in the cotton mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley
Authors: Tong Haojie , Wang Yuan , Wang Shuping , Omar Mohamed A. A. , Li Zicheng , Li Zihao , Ding Simin , Ao Yan , Wang Ying , Li Fei , Jiang Mingxing
Published: October 2022

Mealybugs are highly aggressive to a diversity of plants. The waxy layer covering the outermost part of the integument is an important protective defense of these pests. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying wax biosynthesis in mealybugs remain largely unknown. Here, we analyzed multi-omics data on wax biosynthesis by the cotton mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley, and found that a fatty acyl-CoA reductase (PsFAR) gene, which was highly expressed in the fat bodies of female mealybugs, contributed to wax biosynthesis by regulating the production of the dominant chemical components of wax, cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs). RNA interference (RNAi) against PsFAR by dsRNA microinjection and allowing mealybugs to feed on transgenic tobacco expressing target dsRNA resulted in a reduction of CHC contents in the waxy layer, and an increase in mealybug mortality under desiccation and deltamethrin treatments. In conclusion, PsFAR plays crucial roles in the wax biosynthesis of mealybugs, thereby contributing to their adaptation to water loss and insecticide stress.
Gas-phase fragmentation of single heteroatom-incorporated Co5MS8(PEt3)6+ (M = Mn, Fe, Co, Ni) nanoclusters
Authors: Gholipour-Ranjbar Habib , Deepika  , Jena Puru , Laskin Julia
Published: October 2022

Functionalization of metal-chalcogenide clusters by either replacing core atoms or by tuning the ligand is a powerful technique to tailor their properties. Central to this approach is understanding the competition between the strength of the metal-ligand and metal-metal interactions. Here, using collision-induced dissociation of atomically precise metal sulfide nanoclusters, Co5MS8L6+ (L = PEt3, M = Mn, Fe, Co, Ni) and Co5-xFexS8L6+ (x = 1–3), we study the effect of a heteroatom incorporation on the core-ligand interactions and relative stability towards fragmentation. Sequential ligand loss is the dominant dissociation pathway that competes with ligand sulfide (LS) loss. Because the ligands are attached to metal atoms, LS loss is an unusual dissociation pathway, indicating significant rearrangement of the core prior to fragmentation. Both experiments and theoretical calculations indicate the reduced stability of Co5MnS8L6+ and Co5FeS8L6+ towards the first ligand loss in comparison with their Co6S8L6+ and Co5NiS8L6+ counterparts and provide insights into the core-ligand interaction.
Spherical hydroxyapatite nanoparticle scaffolds for reduced lead release from damaged perovskite solar cells
Authors: Mokhtar Muhamad Z. , Altujjar Amal , Wang Bing , Chen Qian , Ke Jack Chun-Ren , Cai Rongsheng , Zibouche Nourdine , Spencer Ben F. , Jacobs Janet , Thomas Andrew G. , Hall David , Haigh Sarah J. , Lewis David J. , Curry Richard , Islam M. Saiful , Saunders Brian R.
Published: October 2022

Perovskite solar cells continue to attract interest due to their facile preparation and high power conversion efficiencies. However, the highest efficiency perovskite solar cells inevitably contain lead, which raises concerns over contamination of drinking water when a solar module is broken and then flooded. We previously showed that conventional synthetic hydroxyapatite (HAP) nanoparticles could capture some of the lead from broken solar cells, but the amount of lead released was well above the safe drinking water level. Here, we modify the HAP synthesis to prepare new spherical-HAP (s-HAP) nanoparticles with a 60% increase in the Pb absorption capacity. We blend s-HAPs with TiO2 nanoparticles to construct mixed scaffolds and investigate their effect on (FAPbI3)0.97(MAPbBr3)0.03 solar cell performance and lead capture. Replacement of 80% of the TiO2 nanoparticles with s-HAP causes the power conversion efficiency to increase from 18.61% to 20.32% as a result of decreased charge carrier recombination. Lead contamination of water from devices subjected to simulated hail damage followed by flooding is shown to decrease exponentially with increasing s-HAP content. The lead concentration in water after 24 h is below the US safe water drinking limit.
In Situ X-ray Spectrometers in Space Exploration
Authors: VanBommel S. J. , Berger J. A. , Rampe E. B. , Heirwegh C. M.
Published: October 2022

X-ray spectrometers play a central role in planetary exploration. The operation of these instruments on the surface of rocky bodies in our solar system presents a myriad of challenges. In this chapter we discuss the history of in situ X-ray spectrometers in space exploration, note challenges specifically relevant to Mars as well as some common mitigation strategies applied, and capture a subset of the science that has been directly enabled through the use of portable X-ray instrumentation on the surface of Mars.
Evolution of Portable Devices: Using EDXRF to Study Works of Art
Authors: Cesareo R. , Gigante G. E. , Castellano A. , Ridolfi S. , Buccolieri G. , Lins S. A. B. , Branchini P.
Published: October 2022

This chapter describes the history and technical evolution of portable devices which use energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) analysis to study pigments in paintings and elemental compositions of ancient metals. The history starts in 1971 when the first transportable equipment was employed to examine the pigments of Raphael's painting “La Deposizione” during restoration at the Istituto Centrale del Restauro in Rome. Subsequent paintings were analyzed, as well as ancient metals such as bronzes, brasses, gold, and silver. This chapter traces the evolution of the excitation source from radioisotopes to miniaturized, dedicated X-ray tubes, X-ray detectors, from proportional gas counters to Peltier cooled Si-drift, and the developments of pulse height analyzers, from a heavy box to miniaturized electronic circuits included in the detector box. The most “modern” portable EDXRF device is currently composed of a small sized X-ray tube, a Si-drift detector, both properly collimated, and a dedicated PC. The total weight of the device is about 2 kg. Finally, we explore these evolutions in portable XRF devices from the perspective of the analysis of a limited number of points on each work of art through to a complete scanning of a painting. Sophisticated software is required including interfacing mechanics and measuring heads. Maps showing the elemental distribution in the painting “La Fornarina” by Raphael have been obtained using this method.
Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and XRF
Authors: Drake B. Lee , Shugar Aaron , Kipnis Evan
Published: October 2022

The application of machine learning and artificial intelligence has the potential to expand the capabilities of X-ray fluorescence analysis. This includes improving mastering the identification of elements for which XRF is already applicable, identifying lower determinable quantities, and even estimating properties of the sample which do not have a characteristic K, L, or M emission line. Machine learning calibrations, despite their potential, are still limited by the same constraints common across empirical methods; they do not extrapolate well beyond the standards used to inform them. The present chapter examines multiple machine learning architectures for XRF calibrations, with a discussion of their strengths and weaknesses. In addition, a number of examples of both quantitative and qualitative machine learning models are used to highlight the flexibility of the approach.
Bio- and Nanosensors in the Food Industry
Authors: Adetunji Charles Oluwaseun , Ogundolie Frank Abimbola , Ajiboye Modupe Doris , Mathew John Tsado , Inobeme Abel , Titilayo Olotu , Olaniyan Olugbemi Tope , Ijabadeniyi Oluwatosin Ademola , Ajayi Oluope Olufemi , Dauda Wadzani Palnam , Ghazanfar Shakira , Adetunji Juliana Bunmi
Published: October 2022

Food safety has become a global concern due to its impact on the health of the human population, and so efficient methods of monitoring food safety have led to several conventional and non-conventional methods. Biosensors, which are a non-conventional method of monitoring food analysis, are required for several food industry applications due to their specificity, efficiency, accuracy, and reliability of results. Advancements in this nanotechnology have transformed the food industries with various applications in processing, packaging, enhancing the nutritional benefits, shelf-life and storage of foods among others. The use of innovations such as nanoparticle-based barcodes, nanoencapsulation, electronic noses and bioelectronic tongues among others are nanotechnology-based biosensors that have been developed to ensure proper monitoring and to address concerns about the safety of food produced in the various food industries. In this chapter, we discuss these technologies, their safety and health issues, trends and concerns.
Nanobiomaterials for Food Packaging Sensor Applications
Authors: Adetunji Charles Oluwaseun , Ogundolie Frank Abimbola , Olaniyan Olugbemi Tope , Mathew John Tsado , Inobeme Abel , Titilayo Olotu , Ghazanfar Shakira , Ijabadeniyi Oluwatosin Ademola , Ajiboye Modupe Doris , Ajayi Oluope Olufemi , Dauda Wadzani Palnam , Adetunji Juliana Bunmi
Published: October 2022

In the food sector, ensuring the safety of packaged food products reaching the consumers or end-users have over the years been a major concern in the industry. Several outbreaks have been reported over the years caused by foodborne pathogens or the consumption of expired products. The use of nanobiomaterials for food packaging which can monitor the freshness, toxicants and microbial contamination rate has today given the food sector a major boost in addressing not only food toxicity but also increasing the shelf-life, quality and acceptability of packaged foods. Food industries in recent times have been heavily investing in the utilization of packaging materials that are biodegradable and biocompatible with sensors to replace the initial non-degradable packaging materials such as polyethene- and polyvinylchloride-containing plastics which already have been established as having toxic effects. Biological nanoparticle-based sensors are now being used to detect fish and/or meat deterioration after packaging, heavy metals in food, nutrient level, toxins, alcohol presence and microorganisms present in food. This technology is cheap, very sensitive and provides a user-friendly on-site or online assessment of the safety of the respective packaged foods.
Incorporating hydrogels into fingermark development: indicative viscosities for preserving ridge detail on paper surfaces
Authors: Clarke Kristen T. , Hopkins Scarlet L. , Gee William J.
Published: October 2022

Viscous hydrogels show promise as a green forensic method of delivering chemical developers while preserving fingerprint ridge detail.
Multifluid electrospinning for multi-drug delivery systems: pros and cons, challenges, and future directions
Authors: Tabakoglu Sahranur , Kołbuk Dorota , Sajkiewicz Paweł
Published: October 2022

The electrospinning method with different types of fluid geometries has been widely used to produce nano/micro fibers for various biomedical applications.
Progress in the past five years of small organic molecule dyes for tumor microenvironment imaging
Authors: Li Sha , Huo Fangjun , Yin Caixia
Published: October 2022

The tumor microenvironment (TME) is the survival environment for tumor cell proliferation and metastasis in deep tissues.
Synthesis, antimicrobial potential and computational studies of crystalline 4-bromo-2-(1,4,5-triphenyl-1H-imidazole-2-yl)phenol and its metal complexes
Authors: Siddique Abu Bakar , Ahmad Saeed , Shaheen Muhammad Ashraf , Ali Akbar , Tahir Muhammad Nawaz , Vieira Lucas Campos , Muhammad Shabbir , Siddeeg Saifeldin M.
Published: October 2022

Drug resistance developed in microorganisms is a major concern which needs immediate attention from the scientific community.
Sum-frequency vibrational spectroscopy of methanol at interfaces due to Fermi resonance
Authors: Zheng Ren-Hui , Wei Wen-Mei
Published: October 2022

We present a theoretical method of studying sum-frequency vibrational spectroscopy for the CH3 group of methanol at interfaces due to Fermi resonance, which provides a novel and untraditional point of view with respect to traditional approaches.
Effects of polyacrylic acid molecular weights on V2C-MXene nanocoatings for obtaining ultralow friction and ultralow wear in an ambient working environment
Authors: Yin Xuan , Chen Haohao , Jiang Lai , Liang Chang , Pang Haosheng , Liu Dameng , Zhang Bing
Published: October 2022

Ultralow friction (μ ≈ 0.073 ± 0.024) is achieved for the LPAA@V2C vs. steel ball system through tribo-physicochemical interactions.
Probing growth of metal–organic frameworks with X-ray scattering and vibrational spectroscopy
Authors: Lu Wenchao , Zhang Emily , Qian Jin , Weeraratna Chaya , Jackson Megan N. , Zhu Chenhui , Long Jeffrey R. , Ahmed Musahid
Published: October 2022

A capillary and microchip based reactor coupled to X-ray scattering and vibrational spectroscopy shed light on the growth mechanism and kinetics of a metal organic framework in microscopic volumes.
Ligand-regulated three-photon AIE properties of manganese(ii) complexes for photodynamic therapy
Authors: Liu Lingling , Zhu Tong , Cai Changting , Wang Lianke , Li Shengli , Lian Xiao , Feng Yan , Tian Yupeng , Zhang Qiong
Published: October 2022

Schematic diagram of the diagnostic system of fluorescent photosensitizer MD3.
Surface activated zinc-glutarate for the copolymerization of CO2 and epoxides
Authors: Yang Yongmoon , Lee Jong Doo , Seo Yeong Hyun , Chae Ju-Hyung , Bang Sohee , Cheong Yeon-Joo , Lee Bun Yeoul , Lee In-Hwan , Son Seung Uk , Jang Hye-Young
Published: October 2022

A sustainable CO2 polymerization using surface activated zinc glutarate catalysts produces industrially useful polymers with good catalytic activity.
Graphene oxide-incorporated cementitious composites: a thorough investigation
Authors: Bagheri Ali , Negahban Ehsan , Asad Ali , Abbasi Haider Ali , Raza Syed Muhammad
Published: October 2022

The compressive and flexural strength increased up to 28% and 50%. Inclusion of more than 0.1% wt GO improved the microstructural quality and homogeneity. GO incorporation significantly decreased permeability and water sorptivity.
Silane promoted glycosylation and its applications for synthesis of sugar compounds and active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs)
Authors: Kar Sidhartha Sankar , Nanda Nrusingha Prasad , Ravichandiran V. , Swain Sharada Prasanna
Published: October 2022

Silane promoted glycosylation and its applications for preparation of active pharmaceutical ingredients.
A sensitive and ratiometric fluorescent probe for imaging cytosolic H2S generation
Authors: Zhang Yuming , Chen Yuncong , Shi Xiangchao , Bai Yang , He Weijiang , Guo Zijian
Published: October 2022

CouMa responded to H2S within 3 minutes ratiometrically, based on an indol–coumarin fluorophore. The positively-charged probe accumulated in cytosol, and imaged NO-relevant H2S generation increment and depression in cytosol of living cells.
Establishing tungsten carbides as active catalysts for CO2 hydrogenation
Authors: Juneau Mitchell , Yaffe Daphna , Liu Renjie , Agwara Jane N. , Porosoff Marc D.
Published: October 2022

Tungsten nanoparticles are encapsulated in silica, preserving particle size during carburization, leading to active and selective catalysts for CO2 hydrogenation.
Serine-γPNA, Invader probes, and chimeras thereof: three probe chemistries that enable sequence-unrestricted recognition of double-stranded DNA
Authors: Emehiser Raymond G. , Dhuri Karishma , Shepard Caroline , Karmakar Saswata , Bahal Raman , Hrdlicka Patrick J.
Published: October 2022

Serine-γPNA, Invaders, and chimeras thereof, enable sequence-unrestricted recognition of chromosomal DNA under non-denaturing conditions.
Versatile access to nitrogen-rich π-extended indolocarbazolesviaa Pictet–Spengler approach
Authors: Heckershoff Robin , Eberle Lukas , Richert Nick , Delavier Christian , Bruckschlegel Michael , Schäfer Moritz R. , Krämer Petra , Rominger Frank , Rudolph Matthias , Hashmi A. Stephen K.
Published: October 2022

A bidirectional Pictet-Spengler Reaction allows easy access to nitrogen-rich aromatics with seven fused rings. Photophysical measurements and computational methods show significant differences to parent N-heteropolycycles with fewer nitrogen atoms.
Anti-SARS-CoV-2 and cytotoxic activity of two marine alkaloids from green alga Caulerpa cylindracea Sonder in the Dardanelles
Authors: Erol Ebru , Orhan Muge Didem , Avsar Timucin , Akdemir Atilla , Okudan Emine Sukran , Alim Toraman Gulbahar Ozge , Topcu Gulacti
Published: October 2022

Isolated compounds 1 and 2 from Caulerpa cyclindracea inhibit the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Modelling studies suggest that the compounds may interfere with the spike-ACE2 interaction directly and also via an interaction with a spike allosteric site.
NiIIand CoIIbinary and ternary complexes of 3-formylchromone: spectroscopic characterization, antimicrobial activities, docking and modeling studies
Authors: Nabil Noha , Adly Omima M. I. , Shebl Magdy , Taha Ali , Samy Fatma
Published: October 2022

Synthesis of 3-formylchromone and its chloro-Co(ii)- and -Ni(ii)-complexes.
Sodium alginate as an eco-friendly rheology modifier and salt-tolerant fluid loss additive in water-based drilling fluids
Authors: Wei Zhaojie , Wang Maosen , Li Ying , An Yinghui , Li Kaijun , Bo Kun , Guo Mingyi
Published: October 2022

Sodium alginate bio-polymer exhibits better rheology regulation and fluid loss control performance upon salt contamination, thus confers practical applicability that could extend to the preparation of saltwater-based and inhibitive drilling fluids.
Synthesis and characterization of CuO@S-doped g-C3N4 based nanocomposites for binder-free sensor applications
Authors: Alebachew Nigussie , Murthy H. C. Ananda , Abdissa Bedassa , Demissie Taye B. , von Eschwege Karel G. , Langner Ernst H. G. , Coetsee-Hugo Liza
Published: October 2022

This study presents the simultaneous exfoliation and modification of heterostructured copper oxide incorporated sulfur doped graphitic carbon nitride (CuO@S-doped g-C3N4) nanocomposites synthesized via chemical precipitation and pyrolysis techniques.
Retraction: A study on the luminescence properties of gamma-ray-irradiated white light emitting Ca2Al2SiO7:Dy3+ phosphors fabricated using a combustion-assisted method
Authors: Tiwari Geetanjali , Brahme Nameeta , Sharma Ravi , Bisen D. P. , Sao Sanjay K. , Dhoble S. J.
Published: October 2022

Retraction of ‘A study on the luminescence properties of gamma-ray-irradiated white light emitting Ca2Al2SiO7:Dy3+ phosphors fabricated using a combustion-assisted method’ by Geetanjali Tiwari et al., RSC Adv., 2016, 6, 49317–49327, https://doi.org/10.1039/C6RA04913C.
Mixed-methods exploration of students’ written belonging explanations from general chemistry at a selective institution
Authors: Fink Angela , Young Jessica D. , Vuppala Neil K. , Frey Regina F.
Published: October 2022

This exploratory, mixed-methods study examines first-year general chemistry students' written responses on a belonging survey. Responses were thematically analyzed to identify students’ sources of belonging, which may help instructors choose effective strategies for enhancing belonging during the transition into college. Qualitative analysis generated a codebook containing 21 codes from 6 categories: Course Attributes, Interest, Perceptions, Social, Student Attributes, and Value. The qualitative coding data were transformed into quantitative frequency data, allowing identification of the most frequent themes across all participants on each of four surveys: early- and late-semester General Chemistry 1 and 2. Additional analyses explored how belonging explanations varied based on student characteristics that might influence their experience of this large introductory STEM course at a selective, high-income, predominantly White institution. Unique sources of belonging were expected to emerge for groups marginalized in STEM (i.e., Black and Hispanic students, women) and groups who might feel discouraged by a selective institutional and course culture (i.e., students with no credit-bearing AP scores, low course grades, or high belonging uncertainty). Results indicate the importance of interest for all participants' course-level belonging. Students' career goals, perceptions of the course content, and social dynamics with peers also proved universally influential. Some patterns were especially pronounced for marginalized or discouraged groups, who were disproportionately likely to discuss social comparisons and interactions, self-evaluate, and describe the utility-value of the course. These groups were also less likely to express positive cognitive and affective engagement in the course. Implications for supporting student belonging throughout the course sequence are discussed.
Enol-mediated delivery of H2Se from γ-keto selenides: mechanistic insight and evaluation
Authors: Hankins Rynne A. , Carter Molly E. , Zhu Changlei , Chen Chen , Lukesh John C.
Published: October 2022

Like hydrogen sulfide (H2S), its chalcogen congener, hydrogen selenide (H2Se), is an emerging biomolecule of interest. Therefore, small molecule donors that effectively increase its bioavailability are desired to further probe H2Se chemical biology.
Characteristics and correlations of nonaffine particle displacements in the plastic deformation of athermal amorphous materials
Authors: L Meenakshi , Sen Gupta Bhaskar
Published: October 2022

The distribution and correlation of the nonaffine displacement field associated with plastic deformations in amorphous materials.
Structure formation of PNIPAM microgels in foams and foam films
Authors: Kühnhammer Matthias , Gräff Kevin , Loran Edwin , Soltwedel Olaf , Löhmann Oliver , Frielinghaus Henrich , von Klitzing Regine
Published: October 2022

PNIPAM microgels form inhomogeneous network-like structures with microgel depleted and microgel bearing zones when confined in foam films.
Ionic liquid enhancement of interface compatibility in mixed-linker ZIF-based mixed matrix membranes for advanced CO2/CH4 separation
Authors: Gong Lili , Cai Zhili , Wu Qi , Liu Lu , Wang Can , Shan Linglong , Meng Xianghai , Luo Shuangjiang , Liu Zhichang , Zhang Suojiang
Published: October 2022

The schematic diagram of interface interaction built by an IL between ZIF-7-8 nanoparticles and the polyimide matrix.
Multimodal quantification of degradation pathways during extreme fast charging of lithium-ion batteries
Authors: McShane Eric J. , Paul Partha P. , Tanim Tanvir R. , Cao Chuntian , Steinrück Hans-Georg , Thampy Vivek , Trask Stephen E. , Dunlop Alison R. , Jansen Andrew N. , Dufek Eric J. , Toney Michael F. , Weker Johanna Nelson , McCloskey Bryan D.
Published: October 2022

Using a unique combination of advanced characterization techniques, we identify specific degradation mechanisms and quantify degradative species formed during fast charge cycling of lithium-ion battery pouch cells.
A strategy to enhance recyclability of degradable block copolymers by introducing low-temperature formability
Authors: Taniguchi Ikuo , Thao Thi Thu Nguyen  , Kinugasa Kae , Masutani Kazunari
Published: October 2022

Block copolymers composed of poly(trimethylene carbonate) and polylactide can be processed at ambient temperature under pressure by a reversible pressure-induced phase transition between an ordered (solid) state and a disordered (melt/solid) state.
Ultralight biomass-derived carbon fibre aerogels for electromagnetic and acoustic noise mitigation
Authors: Hou Yi , Quan Jing , Thai Ba Quoc , Zhao Yijing , Lan Xiaoling , Yu Xiang , Zhai Wei , Yang Yong , Khoo Boo Cheong
Published: October 2022

The silkworm derived carbon fibre aerogel (SA) could be a promising building material to address the ever-growing noise (EM and sound) issues and improve the energy efficiency of the architectures.
Biomimetic graphene-supported ultrafine platinum nanowires for colorimetric and electrochemical detection of hydrogen peroxide
Authors: Zhu Danzhu , He Peng , Kong Hao , Yang Guozheng , Luan Xin , Wei Gang
Published: October 2022

Biomimetic PtNWs-PNFs/GO hybrid-based dual-mode colorimetric/electrochemical sensor platform exhibits high potential for sensitive detection of H2O2.
Explicit analysis of functional group orientation in amorphous organic semiconductor films by using deuterated materials
Authors: Sukegawa Yoshihito , Yagi Yuro , Kitahara Hideyoshi , Mochizuki Shunji , Yokoyama Daisuke
Published: October 2022

The functional group orientation of a hole transport material for OLEDs in vacuum-deposited films is explicitly analyzed by IR absorption measurements using deuterated materials and is associated with the electrical properties of devices.
Fluorinated spacers: an effective strategy to tailor the optoelectronic properties and stability of metal-halide perovskites for photovoltaic applications
Authors: Mohanty Gourab , Sebastian Anjitha , S. Haritha , Parida Keshaba N. , Neogi Ishita
Published: October 2022

Spacer manoeuvring by fluorination to achieve ambient stability in perovskites towards oxygen, moisture, and light.
A mild synthetic strategy for removing acetic acid from fast pyrolysis-derived bio-oils utilizing Friedel–Crafts acylation reactions
Authors: Kim Han Byeol , Dutta Pratip Kumar , Lee Duck-Hyung , Han Seo-Jung
Published: October 2022

Acetic acid from fast pyrolysis-derived bio-oils was removed by Friedel–Crafts acylation reactions, generating acetophenones, which possess more than eight carbons and could be converted to valuable components of fuels.
Lexical Alignment and Communicative Success in Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Stabile Mackenzie , Eigsti Inge-Marie
Published: October 2022

Purpose:

Typical speakers tend to adopt words used by their conversational partners. This “lexical alignment” enhances communication by reducing ambiguity and promoting a shared understanding of the topic under discussion. Lexical alignment has been little studied to date in autism spectrum disorder (ASD); furthermore, it has been studied primarily via structured laboratory tasks that may overestimate performance. This study examined lexical alignment in ASD during discourse and explored associations with communicative success and executive function.

Method:

Thirty-one autistic and nonautistic adolescents were paired with a study-naïve research assistant (RA) to complete a social communication task that involved taking turns verbally instructing (guiding) the partner to navigate on a map. Lexical alignment was operationalized as the proportion of shared vocabulary produced by guides on successive maps. Task accuracy was operationalized as the pixels contained within the intended and drawn routes.

Results:

Results indicated that autistic adolescents had greater difficulty describing navigational routes to RAs, yielding paths that were less accurate. Alignment was reduced in autistic participants, and it was associated with path accuracy for nonautistic, but not autistic, adolescents. The association between lexical alignment and executive function missed significance (
p
= .05); if significant, the association would indicate that greater executive function difficulty was associated with reduced lexical alignment.

Conclusions:

These findings provide preliminary evidence of reduced lexical alignment in ASD in an unstructured discourse context. Moreover, positive associations between lexical alignment and task performance in the neurotypical group raise the possibility that interventions to promote the use of shared vocabulary might support better communication.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.21313719
Screening Vietnamese Children in the United States for Autism Risk: Examination of the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers–Revision With Follow-Up Vietnamese
Authors: Seung HyeKyeung , Bui Jamie , Pham San
Published: October 2022

Purpose:

This study examined the utility of the Vietnamese version of the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers–Revised with Follow-Up (M-CHAT-R/F) for screening Vietnamese children for autism risk. Cultural reasons and/or limited access to health care has resulted in delays in receiving an autism diagnosis for children of racial minorities. Delays in receiving an autism diagnosis may subsequently result in delay in receiving early intervention services. Therefore, this study examined the feasibility of implementing autism screening for Vietnamese American children.

Method:

The M-CHAT-R/F is a well-validated autism screening test offered in multiple languages such as Vietnamese. It takes approximately 10 min for caregivers to complete 20 yes/no-response items and includes a follow-up interview for initial screen-failed items to reduce false-positive rates. We recruited 205 parents of children aged between 16 and 36 months in Southern California to conduct a broadband screening, not an autism-specific screening. The participants responded to a print or an online Qualtrics version of the M-CHAT-R/F in a language of their choice, either English or Vietnamese.

Results:

A total of 79 of the 205 participants provided complete responses. Of the 79 participants, 20% of the results were initially screened positive. Seven participants were not available for follow-up interviews. Screen-positive rates were estimated to range from 8% to 15% based on completed follow-ups.

Conclusions:

The estimated screen-positive rates in this exploratory study were higher than the reported screen-positive rates in a Vietnamese population sample using the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers. Limitations of this study include participant recruitment difficulty, a small sample size, and the inability to conduct follow-up interviews with some participants. Future studies should use larger and more representative samples and examine potential cultural factors possibly impacting interest in screening Vietnamese children for autism risk.
Quality‐enabled decentralized dynamic IoT platform with scalable resources integration
Authors: Bhola Biswaranjan , Kumar Raghvendra , Rani Preeti , Sharma Rohit , Mohammed Mazin Abed , Yadav Kusum , Alotaibi Shoayee Dlaim , Alkwai Lulwah M.
Published: October 2022

The Internet of Things (IoT) are standard inter connected devices aimed at join everyday object to the internet. This ecosystem include manufacturing, agriculture, smart cities, industry, as well as healthcare. The capacity of controlling and monitoring the objects of the physical world using IoT generate numerous opportunities. However some extra cost is also added to make the device globally accessible. The aggressive growth of the IoT devices, the multifariousness of IoT network technology, and the diversity of IoT use cases generate a question mark regarding the sustainability of the IoT. The aim of the proposed work to contribute in this regard, for that a dynamic integration of IoT objects that is pre determined for (i) creating an IoT platform dynamically (ii) monitoring the current status of IoT environment (iii) measuring the quality of the overall system (iv) helping to utilize all the interconnected efficiently by adding M2M communication, is introduced. Some property set which is suitable for decentralized IoT platform is also explained. Such types of dynamic IoT platform helps in every IoT application domain including industrial IoT. With the propound research, the aim is to create a dynamic IoT platform to simplify the production of next generation. The primary contribution of the proposed paper is a concept which can help to design IoT device in a faster way, which can be called rapid hardware development approach. Efficiently used human resources, that means any one having common technical knowledge can design the device, and reduce the hardware heterogeneous architecture.
Reducing the complexity of chemical networks via interpretable autoencoders
Authors: Grassi T. , Nauman F. , Ramsey J. P. , Bovino S. , Picogna G. , Ercolano B.
Published: October 2022

In many astrophysical applications, the cost of solving a chemical network represented by a system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) grows significantly with the size of the network and can often represent a significant computational bottleneck, particularly in coupled chemo-dynamical models. Although standard numerical techniques and complex solutions tailored to thermochemistry can somewhat reduce the cost, more recently, machine learning algorithms have begun to attack this challenge via data-driven dimensional reduction techniques. In this work, we present a new class of methods that take advantage of machine learning techniques to reduce complex data sets (autoencoders), the optimization of multiparameter systems (standard backpropagation), and the robustness of well-established ODE solvers to to explicitly incorporate time dependence. This new method allows us to find a compressed and simplified version of a large chemical network in a semiautomated fashion that can be solved with a standard ODE solver, while also enabling interpretability of the compressed, latent network. As a proof of concept, we tested the method on an astrophysically relevant chemical network with 29 species and 224 reactions, obtaining a reduced but representative network with only 5 species and 12 reactions, and an increase in speed by a factor 65.
Deep absorption in SDSS J110511.15+530806.5
Authors: Marculewicz Marcin , Nikolajuk Marek , Różańska Agata
Published: October 2022

Aims. We study the origin of the anomalous deep absorption in a spectrum of the SDSS J110511.15+530806.5 distant quasar (z = 1.929) obtained by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey in Data Release 14 of the optical catalog. We aim to estimate the velocity of absorbing material, and we show that this material considerably affects our measurements of the black hole (BH) mass in massive quasars with the use of common virial mass estimators.

Methods. The spectral shape of the quasar was modeled assuming that the accretion disk emission is influenced by a hot corona, warm skin, and absorbing material located close to the nucleus. The whole analysis was undertaken with XSPEC models and tools. The overall spectral shape was represented with the AGNSED model, while the deep absorption is well described by two Gaussians.

Results. The observed spectrum and the fitting procedure allowed us to estimate the BH mass in the quasar as 3.52 ± 0.01 × 109 M⊙, the nonzero BH spin is a* = 0.32 ± 0.04, and the accretion rate is ṁ = 0.274 ± 0.001. The velocities of the detected absorbers lie in the range of 6330–108 135 km s−1. When we consider that absorption is caused by the C IV ion, one absorber is folding toward the nucleus with a velocity of 73 887 km s−1. We derived a BI index of about 20 300 km s−1 and a mass outflow rate up to 38.5% of the source accretion rate.

Conclusions. The high absorption observed in SDSS J110511.15+530806.5 is evidence of fast winds that place the source in the group of objects on the border with UFO (ultra-fast outflows), strong broad absorption line, and fast failed radiatively accelerated dusty outflow (FRADO). This absorption affects the BH mass measurement by two orders of magnitude as compared to virial mass estimation.
Study on the Application of the Holistic Optimization Method of the Manufacturing Process in the Case of a Reduced Instances Database
Authors: Afteni Cezarina , Afteni Mitica , Frumusanu Gabriel-Radu
Published: October 2022

The optimal management of the manufacturing processes is achieved through a set of optimal decisions, which must be made for choosing the best way to follow, every time we find ourselves in a point from which several potential manufacturing paths start. A dedicated method, namely the Holistic Optimization Method has been already developed in this purpose, and validated in a number of studies based on artificial and real instances databases. In the current papers that approach the optimal management of the manufacturing processes, in order to estimate the consequences of a decision, are used known methods, such as: NN modeling, big data analysis, statistics, etc. In all these cases, the database size plays an essential role in terms of estimation quality. The present study aims to prove the feasibility of applying the Holistic Optimization Method when the decision-maker does not dispose of a consistent database. This can be a significant advantage relative to the other methods. The study is performed using an artificially generated instances database in the case of a turning process, and the results obtained are promising.
The Influence of Lubrication on the Roughness of the Vibroburnished Surface
Authors: Nagîţ Gheorghe , Slătineanu Laurenţiu , Dodun Oana , Păunoiu Viorel , Mihalache Marius-Andrei , Rîpanu Marius-Ionuţ , Hriţuc Adelina , Surugiu Ioan
Published: October 2022

One of the processes by which hardening of the surface layer and diminishing the heights of the surface roughness occur in the case of steel parts is vibroburnishing. The analysis of the conditions of using the vibroburnishing process of the cylindrical surfaces showed that the use of lubrication could influence the heights of the asperities resulting from the processing. The problem of conducting experimental research was formulated to highlight the intensity of the influence exerted by some input factors in the vibroburnishing process on the roughness of the processed surfaces, evaluated by using the roughness parameter Ra. An experimental program was designed aiming to use different values of ball diameter, ball pressing force, and initial roughness, in conditions of dry vibro-burnishing and using lubricating oil, respectively. The experimental results were processed using a software based on the least-squares method. The determined empirical mathematical models showed that, under the conditions in which the experimental tests were performed, the strongest influence on the value of the roughness parameter Ra is exerted by the initial surface roughness, followed by the size of the ball pressing force on the surface and by the ball diameter, the latter exerting very little influence. It was confirmed that the presence of a lubricant in the processing area results in a decrease in the size of the roughness parameter Ra, compared to the situation where such a lubricant is not used.