bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Far-Reaching Effects of Okhotsk Sea Ice Area on Sea Surface Heat Flux, Lower Atmosphere, and Ocean Mixed Layer
Authors: Nakamura Tomohiro , Takahashi Yusuke , Nakanowatari Takuya , Mitsudera Humio
Published: November 2023

The impact of interannual variations in sea ice area in the Okhotsk Sea was investigated through a composite analysis of years with extensive and limited sea ice areas (referred to as heavy and light ice years, respectively), using atmospheric and oceanic reanalysis data. The comparison of heavy and light ice-year composites in February revealed a substantial decrease in upward surface turbulent heat flux in the Okhotsk Sea (∼−250 W m−2) and a notable increase in a surprisingly extensive region in the western North Pacific (30–120 W m−2), spanning 2300 km from the ice edge. These differences were consistent with the decrease in surface air temperature and specific humidity, suggesting that during heavy ice years, cold and dry air blowing from Siberia to the North Pacific via the Okhotsk Sea undergoes less modification over larger sea ice areas, remaining colder and drier in the North Pacific and thereby enhancing the heat flux. Such advection can be associated with the Asian winter monsoon and migratory cyclones. Cloud cover and surface radiation flux altered consistently with these differences, although longwave and shortwave radiation largely counterbalanced each other. Additionally, the Pacific storm track exhibited variation. In accordance with the heat flux difference, sea surface temperature decreased, and the ocean mixed layer deepened around the subarctic during heavy ice years. These findings suggest that sea ice area in the Okhotsk Sea influences the lower atmosphere and surface ocean in the North Pacific. Such impacts could further affect ocean nutrient circulation, ecosystems, and atmospheric teleconnections.

Significance Statement

Sea ice cover influences heat exchange between the atmosphere and ocean. Advection of less heated air over larger sea ice areas can enhance heat exchange downwind, and vice versa. We found that this was effective in the Okhotsk Sea, situated along the path of the Asian winter monsoon. Upward surface heat flux increased significantly across a vast region of the North Pacific associated with colder and drier air during years with larger sea ice areas. Additionally, cloud cover, Pacific storm track, sea surface temperature, and ocean mixed layer depth exhibited significant differences associated with sea ice area. These variations could impact ocean heat content, nutrient circulation, and primary production in the North Pacific, and atmospheric circulation in North America and Europe.
Modeling Variability in Tropical Cyclone Maximum Wind Location and Intensity Using InCyc: A Global Database of High-Resolution Tropical Cyclone Simulations
Authors: Bruneau Nicolas , Loridan Thomas , Hannah Nic , Dubossarsky Eugene , Joffrain Mathis , Knaff John
Published: November 2023

While tropical cyclone (TC) risk is a global concern, high regional differences exist in the quality of available data. This paper introduces InCyc, a globally consistent database of high-resolution full-physics simulations of historical cyclones. InCyc is designed to facilitate analysis of TC wind risk across basins and is made available to research institutions. We illustrate the value of this database with a case study focused on key wind risk parameters, namely, the location and intensity of peak winds for the North Atlantic and western North Pacific basins. A novel approach based on random forest algorithms is introduced to predict the full distribution of these TC wind risk parameters. Based on a leave-one-storm-out evaluation, the analysis of the predictions shows how this innovative approach compares to other parametric models commonly used for wind risk assessment. We finally discuss why capturing the full distribution of variability is crucial as well as the broader use in the context of TC risk assessment systems (i.e., “catastrophe models”).
The recurrent nova T CrB had prior eruptions observed near December 1787 and October 1217 AD
Authors: Schaefer Bradley E.
Published: November 2023

The famous recurrent nova (RN) T Coronae Borealis (T CrB) has had observed eruptions peaking at a visual magnitude of 2.0 in the years 1866 and 1946, while a third eruption is now expected for the year 2024.4 ± 0.3. Each RN has very similar light curves of eruptions that come with a fairly even-spacing in time, for which T CrB has a recurrence timescale near 80 years. So it is reasonable to look backwards in time for prior eruptions, around 1786, and so on back. I have investigated two long-lost suggestions that T CrB was seen in eruption in the years 1217 and 1787. (1) In a catalog published in 1789, the Reverend Francis Wollaston reports an astrometric position for a star that is exactly on top of T CrB. From his letters, these observations were made on at least four occasions with both a large and small telescope, within a few days before 1787 December 28. Wollaston’s limiting magnitude for his astrometry is near 7.8 mag, so T CrB would have to have been in eruption. Wollaston's quoted coordinates are not from the nearest star above his limit, HD 143707, because any mistake that places the error box on top of T CrB has much too small a probability to be acceptable. With other transients strongly rejected, the only way that Wollaston could get the coordinates was to have measured the coordinates of T CrB itself during an eruption. (2) The 1217 event has an eyewitness report written by Abbott Burchard of Upsberg as a fast-rising stellar point-source (“stella”) in Corona Borealis that “shone with great light,” lasted for “many days,” and was ascribed as being a “wonderful sign.” This event cannot be a report of a comet, because Burchard used the term for a star (“stella”) and not for a comet, and because Burchard had the omen being very positive, with such being impossible for comets that are universally the worst of omens. The reported event is just as expected for a prior eruption of T CrB, and all other possibilities are strongly rejected, so the case for the 1217 eruption of T CrB is strong.
Plato and planetary order: Uncertainty in the positions of Mercury and Venus
Authors: Brannon James
Published: November 2023

In Plato’s Republic and Timaeus, and in the pseudo-Platonic Epinomis, the author(s) discuss the planetary order for the Moon, Sun, and planets. Based on these works, many ancient, medieval, and modern authors assert without explanation that Plato’s order for the first four planets is Moon-Sun-Venus-Mercury. While this order may have been Plato’s intention, this article presents a differing opinion by claiming that Plato’s words lack sufficient clarity for a reader to understand Plato’s order for Mercury and Venus. This claim has a three-fold basis: (1) Plato’s difficult to understand planetary color ideas in Republic do not uniquely identify the order for Mercury and Venus; (2) Historical accounts of planetary color do not always support Venus being whiter than Mercury—an argument sometimes used for Venus residing below Mercury in Plato’s scheme; (3) Neither Timaeus nor Epinomis clearly state the order for the two planets. The paper concludes with brief conjectures on why Plato remained obscure on planetary order.
Solid-state foaming of poly(ether-ether-ketone)/hydroxyapatite composites
Authors: Zhu Hanyu , Morquecho Enrique Velasquez , Li Wei
Published: November 2023

Poly(ether-ether-ketone) (PEEK) is a high strength and high temperature-resistant plastic with good potential for medical use. The addition of hydroxyapatite (HA) can improve the mechanical performance and biocompatibility of PEEK. However, little study has been done on solid-state foaming of PEEK or PEEK-based composites due to the semicrystalline nature and high processing temperature requirement. In this study, the solid-state foaming behavior of PEEK/HA composite is studied using supercritical [Formula: see text]. A quenching process is applied to reduce the crystallinity and improve the gas saturation behavior. The mechanical properties of foamed PEEK/HA composite are characterized. The results show that quenching substantially improved the foamability of PEEK/HA composite. Foamed PEEK/HA regained crystallinity and exhibit a compressive strength comparable to human trabecular bone.
Morphological, chemical, thermal and mechanical analysis of doum fibers as potential reinforcement of polymer composites
Authors: Drouiche Fériel , Laouici Hamdi , Cheikh Mohammed
Published: November 2023

The research article addresses, a novel natural cellulosic fiber namely Doum Palm Leaf Stalk Fibers (DPLSF) were extracted from Doum palm tree ( Chamaerops humilis L.) are rich in cellulose, relatively inexpensive, and readily available in Algeria. The characteristic analysis on morphological, physiochemical, thermal and mechanical proprieties of the extracted raw and treated DPLSF with 20% sodium bicarbonate at various times of treatment were exanimated by optical microscope and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction method (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermos gravimetric analysis (TGA/DTG), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The SEM micrographs of the longitudinal topographic surface of the DPLSF after chemical treatment with sodium bicarbonate at various times treatment indicated that the removed the waxy layer and impurities from surface and formed a roughened surface. XRD analysis further confirmed the treatment’s positive effect on the fibers, with the crystallinity index increasing from 71.43% to 81.03%. However, FTIR analysis showed minimal changes in the peak position and intensity of transmittance. The TGA/DTG results revealed a significant mass loss in treated DPLSF, while thermal stability improved from 290°C to 330°C. Additionally, we analyzed the mechanical tensile properties of the treated fibers and observed that fibers treated at 20% NaHCO3 for 24 h exhibited the highest Young's modulus 8.63 GPa. To validate the experimental findings, we compared individual DPLSF results to a numerical simulation using ABAQUS code. This study underscores the potential of DPLSF as a sustainable and eco-friendly alternative to synthetic fibers, offering immense promise for diverse applications.
Vibration behaviours of multi-debonded sandwich beams with symmetric angle-ply facesheets
Authors: Tsai Shang-Nan
Published: November 2023

Sandwich beams, comprising two stiff facesheets bonded to a core, are light and strong and see widespread application. However, debonded regions between the facesheets and the core can significantly reduce the strength and have an impact on the vibration behaviour. In this study, the previous literature was referred to, and finite element simulations were conducted using ANSYS on debonded sandwich beams with [0°]4, [+45°/−45°]S and [90°]4 carbon fibre reinforced polymer facesheets. The effects of the configurations of the three debonded regions and facesheet stacking orientations were studied. The most important finding is that if debonds cover vibration nodes, the natural frequencies drop more significantly because the stiffness decreases more. It was determined that when there were debonded regions, the natural frequencies of the bending modes of the beams using [0°]4 facesheets decreased more compared to those of the beams using [+45°/−45°]S and [90°]4 facesheets; while the trends are opposite for the natural frequencies of torsion modes of the beams using [+45°/−45°]S facesheets. Reducing the natural frequency can cause a structure to vibrate at the resonance frequency, leading to structural failure. This study contributes to furthering our understanding of how different debonds and facesheet stacking orientations affect the vibrations of sandwich beams.
Sex-Related Effect of Aging in Gingival Gamma-Delta T Cells
Authors: Tubero Euzebio Alves V. , Bruno M.E.C. , Mukherjee S. , Wang L. , Danaher R.J. , Su L. , Starr M.E. , Gonzalez O.A.
Published: November 2023

Aging affects the number and function of gamma-delta (γδ) T cells in a tissue-specific manner, modifying the risk for inflammatory disease. These aging-related γδT-cell variations in gingival tissues that could increase the risk for inflammation and periodontal disease remain unknown. Here we sought to identify quantitative and qualitative variations in gingival γδT cells associated with aging that could have an impact in oral immunoinflammatory responses. For this, gingival tissues from young (4 mo) and aged (24 mo) male and female mice were collected and analyzed by flow cytometry. Cell suspensions were stimulated and stained with eFluor450 (cell viability), anti-CD45 (hematopoietic cells), anti-CD3 (lymphocytes), anti-TCRγδ (γδT cells), anti–IL-15rα (cell proliferation), and anti–Notch-3 (senescence marker). Detection of intracellular cytokines IL-17A and interferon γ (IFNγ) was performed. Gingival expression of specific γ- and δ-chains and cytokines was evaluated by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. A significantly higher number of IL-17A–producing γδT cells and IL-17A expression levels were observed in gingival tissues from aged females but not males. Similarly, the number of gingival Notch-3+ γδT cells increased with aging only in females. IL-15rα was not detected in gingival γδT cells. Chains γ1, 2, 4, 5, 6, and 7 as well as δ1, 2, 4, and 6 were detected. Detection levels of all γ chains except γ1 as well as δ1 and δ2 changed with aging in males, females, or both. Interestingly, number of IL-17A–producing conventional T cells similarly increased with aging only in females. Both sexes showed increased IFNγ+ conventional T-cell numbers with aging; however, it reached significance only in females. In conclusion, the number of gingival IL-17A–producing γδT cells and IL-17A expression increase naturally with aging specifically in females. This sexual dimorphism in gingival γδT and conventional Th17 cell numbers and phenotypes suggests distinct aging-related mechanisms of periodontitis in males and females.
Divine Compensation? Gender, Religiosity, and the Link Between Feeling Underpaid and Psychological Distress
Authors: Upenieks Laura , Schieman Scott
Published: November 2023

Theoretical and empirical work within social psychology has highlighted the impact of the sense of distributive injustice—the evaluation of unfairness in the distribution of outcomes or rewards—and adverse mental health outcomes. Drawing on a sample of Canadian workers from the Canadian Work, Stress, and Health Study (CAN-WSH; N = 2,376), we consider whether three facets of religiosity—perceived divine control, religious attendance, and prayer—have stress buffering potency when it comes to perceived underpayment. We also test whether these associations vary by gender. Our results suggest that for men who reported being underpaid, higher levels of divine control were protective for psychological distress. By contrast, weekly religious attendance was a stress buffer for women who were underpaid. We draw from research at the intersection of sociology of religion and gender to interpret our findings. Taken as a whole, our findings underscore the importance of assessing religiously-based resources for individuals who perceive they are underpaid and speak to how understanding the effectiveness of coping resources, including those found within religious life, are contingent upon social status—a hallmark of the sociological tradition.
Nasal Endoscopic Incision and Drainage Transnasal Retropterygoid Approach to Upper Parapharyngeal Abscess: A Novel Technique
Authors: Liu Yibin , Li Huan , Wang Xin-Tao , You Long-Gui , Wang Fu-Hua , Liao Hui-huang
Published: November 2023

Parapharyngeal infection is a well-known disease of otorhinolaryngologists. Rapid onset, short duration, severe symptoms, and manifestations such as sore throat and dysphagia are common characteristics treated primarily by surgical incision and drainage. Traditional surgical approaches encompass endoscopic transoral/nasal, transparotid, transcervical, or a combination thereof. We report a novel technique of nasal endoscopic incision and drainage transnasal retropterygoid approach to an upper parapharyngeal abscess. This report presents a case of a 14-year-old man presented with severe right neck and head pain, who was found to have an upper parapharyngeal abscess during a nasal endoscopic parapharyngeal exploration via a retropterygoid approach. The intraoperative frozen section revealed chronic mucosal inflammation and mild to moderate dysplasia of the squamous epithelium, but no carcinoma.
Large Sublingual Lipoma: A Case Report
Authors: McDonald Mason G. , Cunning Devin M.
Published: November 2023

Lipomas are benign soft tissue tumors frequently observed throughout the body. Lipomas rarely cause health concerns; however, when symptomatic, it is often related to their location and size. A 65-year-old male patient presented with a non-tender, enlarging mass in the anterior floor of the mouth, which was otherwise asymptomatic. Computed tomography evaluation revealed an unusually large hypolucent mass, posterior to the inner table of the right anterior mandible. Surgical excision was uncomplicated. Upon follow-up, the right anterior floor of the mouth wound healed without compromise of the lingual or hypoglossal nerves or Wharton’s duct. This discussion highlights the infrequent occurrence of lipomas in the oral cavity, particularly in the floor of the mouth, including patient presentation, preoperative evaluation, and surgical planning.
Teacher expectation effects on vocal and instrumental performance: A focus on student gender
Authors: Li Shangpeng , Sun Yu , Li Zheng
Published: November 2023

In this study, the researchers examined teachers’ differential expectations for male and female students and the effects on music performance within the higher education context. The participants were 91 teachers and 480 second-year undergraduate students majoring in vocal and instrumental performance from two universities. Data of teacher expectations and students’ prior achievement were collected at the beginning of the 2021–2022 school year as well as students’ later achievement at the end of the school year. Researchers found that teachers held higher expectations for female students learning vocal performance than for males, and higher expectations for male students learning instrumental performance than for females. With students’ prior achievement being controlled, teacher expectations had significant effects on student year-end musical performance. Furthermore, the magnitude of teacher expectations was moderated by student gender. Specifically, males learning vocal performance and females learning instrumental performance were more susceptible to teacher expectations than their counterparts. Implications for addressing gender inequity in music education were also discussed.
Youth-caregiver relationship quality in residential youth care: Professionals’ perceptions and experiences
Authors: Magalhães Eunice , Ferreira Margarida , Ornelas Sandra , Silva Carla Sofia , Camilo Cláudia , Calheiros Maria Manuela
Published: November 2023

This study aimed to explore the perceptions and experiences of professionals working in residential care (RC) settings (i.e., caregivers and directors) about youth-caregiver relationship quality (YCRQ). Method: A qualitative study was developed in Portugal including 15 caregivers (73.3% women, 23–50 years) and 15 directors (73.3% women, 34–45 years) working in 18 generalist RC units. Data were collected through six focus groups using a semi-structured interview script. Data were analyzed following a content analysis approach using NVIVO 12 software. Results: Our findings revealed that the concept of YCRQ in RC was mainly described in terms of good qualities, and the organizational determinants of YCRQ relationships were most mentioned both by caregivers and directors (i.e., organizational social context, intervention models and strategies). Individual characteristics of youth and staff were less described as determinants of YCRQ. These findings provide important insights for practice. Conclusions: efforts should be made to design interventions in RC that aim to improve its organizational social climate so as to provide caregivers with the necessary support and resources that enable them to enhance positive YCRQ.
Early Adolescent Online Sexual Risks on Smartphones and Social Media: Parental Awareness and Protective Practices
Authors: Allison Kendra , Dawson Robin M. , Messias DeAnne K. Hilfinger , Culley Joan M. , Brown Nancy
Published: November 2023

Early adolescent children communicate on smartphones and social media, resulting in online sexual risks and potential adverse health outcomes. This study investigated parents’ awareness of early adolescent engagement in online sexual risks on smartphones and social media and the protective practices used to mitigate these risks. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 15 English-speaking parents of early adolescent children 11–14 years old in North and South Carolina. Data were analyzed using a qualitative descriptive approach and thematic analysis. Parents expressed awareness of online sexual risks on smartphones and social media and engaged in protective practices to mitigate online risks, including communication and restrictions tailored to accessed content and social connections with unknown individuals online. Professionals can support parents through education targeted to risks and protective measures associated with these online devices and platforms.
Who am I? Studying Autobiographical Reasoning, Identity Commitment and Exploration Processes, and Narrative Content in Unison
Authors: De Moor Elisabeth L. , Klimstra Theo A. , Van Doeselaar Lotte , Branje Susan
Published: November 2023

Identity research focuses on multiple processes capturing how adolescents form and maintain a sense of self. However, identity content (the “what” of identity) might impact associations between identity and the association with well-being. We examined this potential role of content (i.e., valence and life domain) in two studies, focusing on autobiographical reasoning in written narratives (i.e., self-event connections), educational identity commitment and exploration processes, and measures of general and domain-specific functioning. Study 1 ( N = 180, Mage = 14.7) and Study 2 ( N = 160, Mage = 13.1) provided little evidence for the hypothesized role of identity content, but moderation analyses in Study 1 showed that self-event connections were more strongly related to life satisfaction in narratives about relational events than other events. These findings suggest a more fine-grained approach is needed to capture the role of identity content.
Perceptions of black and minoritised ethnic occupational therapists on mentoring: A survey
Authors: Atwal Anita , Sriram Vimal , McKay Elizabeth Anne
Published: November 2023

Introduction:

Mentorship is perceived as a mechanism to enhance career progression. Within occupational therapy, there is little research to demonstrate the effectiveness of mentoring on career success and no research has explored its relevance for black and minoritised ethnic (BME) occupational therapists. This research explored the experience of mentoring for career progression from a BME perspective using a survey.

Methods:

An online survey was conducted with occupational therapists in the United Kingdom who identified as BME. The primary recruitment method was a convenience sample via a BME network and through its other links. Content analysis and descriptive statistics were used to analyse and report the data.

Findings:

In all, 54 BME occupational therapists completed the survey. Most BME therapists had never requested a BME mentor, but most wanted a BME mentor. Active allyship was viewed as an important part of mentorship when mentored by a white therapist.

Conclusion:

This research is the first study in occupational therapy to examine the mentoring experiences and needs of BME therapists. It is a call for action to recognise and reorient the approach and understanding of the structures and experiences of BME mentorship.
Networks, the clear blue water of change or the “wave tops” on the sea?
Authors: Karakusevic Sasha , Yearsley Laura , Maddocks-Brown Liz
Published: November 2023

In this short article, we consider leadership in the context of managing increasingly complex networks. Our approach draws on multiple perspectives that support the use of collective approaches to leadership and the processes that underpin them. We highlight the importance of creating spaces for co-productive work and the use of rapid insight generation to accelerate learning and impact based on our experience of working on complex change programs.
Reasons for Not Reporting Among Sexual Assault Survivors Who Seek Medical Forensic Exams: A Qualitative Analysis
Authors: Goodman-Williams Rachael , Volz Jessica , Fishwick Kathryn
Published: November 2023

After a sexual assault, survivors have the option of seeking a medical forensic exam, which includes medical evaluation and treatment, as well as forensic evidence collection. Forensic evidence is collected in a sexual assault evidence kit (SAEK) and typically released to police to aid in the investigation and potential prosecution of the assault. However, 20% to 25% of survivors who have a SAEK collected do not report their assault to police at that time and choose instead to have their SAEK stored for possible future use. This study sought to understand the reasons for not reporting among this group of survivors. We examined medical records of 296 individuals aged 18 and older who had documented their reasons for not reporting to police in their medical record and used a non-theory-driven coding framework to conduct a reflexive thematic analysis based on that data. We identified four themes: Reporting Won’t Help, Reporting Will Harm, Not Now, and Not What I’m Here For. These data illustrate that survivors are making an active choice which, for many, was based on concerns that reporting would not meaningfully help their situation or may even make their situations worse. For some survivors, the decision to have forensic evidence collected without a police report was based on their needs at that moment, whereas for other survivors it was based on their desire to move on from the assault more permanently. Practice and policy recommendations are discussed, including the importance of providing survivors information about what police reporting would look like in specific circumstances as well as ensuring that financial concerns are not a barrier to survivors receiving post-assault medical care without forensic evidence collection.
Nonlinear dynamic stability analysis of CNTs reinforced piezoelectric viscoelastic composite nano/micro plate under multiple physical fields resting on smart foundation
Authors: Sourani Pezhman , Ghorbanpour Arani Ali , Hashemian Mohammad , Niknejad Shahriar
Published: November 2023

This study analyzes the nonlinear dynamic stability of carbon nanotube reinforced composite (CNTRC) piezoelectric viscoelastic nano/micro plate under time dependent harmonic compressive biaxial mechanical loading. The nano/micro plate is single-layer with a uniform and rectangular cross section. Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) is the material used for the nano/micro plate. Also, it is located on a nonlinear viscoelastic piezoelectric foundation made of Zinc Oxide (ZnO). Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) have been used to strengthen nano/micro plate. Using Kelvin-Voigt model, the material properties of the system are assumed to be viscoelastic. Nano/micro plate is subjected to 2D magnetic field and electric potential. Magnetic field effects are incorporated using Maxwell’s relations. An alternating and direct voltage is applied to the nano/micro plate and also smart foundation in thickness direction. Eshelby-Mori-Tanaka approach is used to estimate the effective elastic properties. Additionally, follower force and uniform thermal gradient is applied to nano/micro plate in this study. The nonlinear strain–displacement relations are based on the Von-Kármán theory. According to classical, first order, third order, sinusoidal, parabolic, hyperbolic and exponential shear deformation plate theories, a new formulation is proposed incorporating surface stress effects through the Gurtin-Murdoch elasticity theory. In order to consider small scale parameters, this research is based on modified strain gradient theory (MSGT). Using the energy method and Hamilton’s principle, the non classical governing equations are derived. For nano/micro plate, simply supported boundary conditions are considered. For the purpose of solving differential equations, an analysis based on Galerkin procedure and finally the Bolotin method will be used to obtain the dynamic instability region (DIR). It is the objective of this study to investigate the impact of such parameters as small-scale parameters, alternating and direct applied voltage, intensity of magnetic field, surface effects, thermal environment and static load factor on the DIR. This study revealed that taking into account the smart foundation reduces the area of dynamic instability region by more than 60% for a constant intensity of magnetic field. The stability responses are also more convergent with the smart foundation. Additionally, the range is moved toward higher excitation frequencies and greater system stability. Validation of answers based on reliable scientific articles is one of the final stages of this research. These results can be used to design nano/micro electromechanical systems.
Narrative Report of Speech Acts as characterization resource in Mansfield Park and its Spanish and German translations
Authors: Espunya Anna
Published: November 2023

In Jane Austen’s novels conversation provides internal evidence of the nature of characters, both moral and social (Morini, 2009). Among the interplay of speech presentation forms (Bray, 2018; Page, 1972), Narrative Report of Speech Acts (Leech and Short, 2007) is still underresearched (Busse, 2020) as a characterisation resource. Research on speech reports in inquit formulae has focused on illocutionary features (Austin, 1962; Searle and Vanderveken, 1985). However, speech reports also introduce the intersubjective stances adopted by characters and by the narrator, i.e., their receptiveness to disagreeing positions. As engagement resources (Martin and White, 2005), they construct interpersonal styles and offer cues into the narrator’s own stance toward the characters. Such meaning complexes are a challenge for literary translators. For this study, 55 instances of NRSA were sampled from three chapters of Mansfield Park and their correspondences in two Spanish and two German translations. The original text and the translations display remarkable lexical richness, with 36 instances overtly expressing illocutionary force. Characterisation cues appear at the character level of discourse, through the illocutionary features and engagement types attributed to characters (e.g. monoglossic, heteroglossic), and also on the narrator level of discourse, through linguistic co-textual choices weakening the endorsement of the character. All four translations contain shifts affecting the characterisation potential such as changes in a character’s stance, the early disclosure of a character’s attitude, and the insertion of explicit narratorial evaluation of a character. These findings are applicable in stylistics as well as in translation assessment and pedagogy.
The Naval Rearmament Movement in Times of the Liberal Union: Public Opinion, Strategic Culture and Navalism in Spain (1858–1863)
Authors: Escribano Roca Rodrigo , Oñate Pablo Guerrero
Published: November 2023

Between 1858 and 1863, a naval rearmament movement developed in Spain that coordinated the efforts of the commercial bourgeoisie, the parliamentary and intellectual elites of liberalism, a sector of the officers of the Navy, the municipalities, the communities of Spanish emigrants in the Americas and the press. The article analyses how these actors favoured the growth of the Real Armada, defending its use as an instrument of Spanish power around the globe. For this reason, certain organic intellectuals devoted themselves to systematising these demands, defining major strategic schemes that influenced the policies adopted by the Ministries of the Navy.
Understanding the Adoption of Traditional (2D) and Virtual Reality (3D) Online Grocery Store in India:An Exploratory Study
Authors: Vishwakarma Pankaj , Mukherjee Srabanti , Datta Biplab , Sijoria Charu
Published: November 2023

This study is a pioneering effort to study the comparative adoption of traditional two-dimensional (2D) and virtual reality (3D) online grocery stores among Indian customers who are yet to experience online grocery shopping. This study has adopted an exploratory qualitative research method to explore the determinants of the adoption of both 2D and 3D online grocery stores in comparison to each other. Twenty-six interviews from Indian non-users of online grocery have been analysed. With the help of the thematic analysis, the article uncovers the factors affecting the use of traditional and virtual reality online grocery stores. This study is the first attempt to compare 2D and 3D online grocery stores and, thereby adds to the literature on online grocery shopping in the Indian context. It also provides a sense of the critical factors they need to take care of while trying to implement virtual reality online grocery stores.
Strategy of Small States Toward Regional Powers: A Case of Bangladesh
Authors: Karim Mohammad Razaul
Published: November 2023

The objective of this article is to examine the foreign policy tactics of minor states in relation to regional powers. In this research, Bangladesh has been taken as a case study to show how effectively it is engaged with two regional powers simultaneously, India and China, while still being capable of retaining political independence to pursue its national interests. Bangladesh’s foreign policy behavior establishes that, due to its relatively weak economic and military nature, this small country can have an influence on its alliance formation. Considering its size and economy, realist theory proposes that a small country like Bangladesh will bandwagon with great power. This article examines the stance of Bangladesh in its approach toward China and India. Rather than aligning itself with either country, Bangladesh adopts a hedging strategy. This involves diversifying its trade, investment, security, and diplomatic relations with both nations in a rational manner. The objective is to reduce its reliance on a single country, particularly India. In fact, due to economic starvation, Bangladesh seeks appropriate working relationships with China and India, the two rising powers having a great influence in the South Asian region.
The socio-demographics and clinical profile of patients referred to the GP liaison psychiatry service within a metropolitan Aboriginal medical service
Authors: Clark Belinda , Green Sonya , Gill Neeraj
Published: November 2023

Objective

This study aimed to describe the social demographics and clinical profile of patients referred to the psychiatry service within the local Queensland metropolitan Aboriginal Medical Service (AMS).

Method

This was a retrospective cohort study of patients referred to the psychiatry service provided at three clinics of a metropolitan AMS, over an 18-month period. Medical records were accessed to determine demographic and diagnostic information.

Results

Diagnostically, 53% of patients had mood/anxiety disorders, 10% psychosis, 23% substance use and 14% with other diagnoses. There was approximately 50% non-attendance rate with no statistical difference between gender and age groups. The highest proportion of non-attenders within age groups was males 45–54 years old. The patients needed to travel an average of 20 km to attend the AMS.

Conclusion

The high non-attendance rates, and proportionately more males within the age group 45–54 years who were more likely to not attend their mental health appointments, suggested a target area for outreach services which have been implemented in the AMS. Some of the recommended solutions included confirming attendance the day prior and supporting with transport. This study highlighted the large distance that Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people must travel to access culturally appropriate service.
Confirmatory Factor Analysis of the Social Worker Satisfaction Scale
Authors: Jones Aubrey E. , Walters Jayme E. , Stickley Zachary , Scoresby Kristel J. , Brown Aaron R.
Published: November 2023

Purpose: Job satisfaction in social work has been widely studied, and yet continuity measurement tools utilized to assess job satisfaction among social workers are rare. The purpose of this study was to validate the use of the Social Work Satisfaction Scale (SWSS) with U.S.-based social workers. Moreover, we sought to examine the validity of the scale across rural, suburban, and urban designations. Method: A sample of U.S.-based social workers ( N = 1,764) were recruited via social media to participate in an online survey that collected demographic information and assessed job satisfaction using the SWSS. Descriptive statistics were generated. MPlus (8.5) was used to conduct a confirmatory factor analysis of the SWSS. Results: Results indicate the SWSS is an appropriate measure to use with U.S.-based social workers across geographic settings. Discussion: The SWSS can assist social work-employing organizations seeking to better understand the multidimensional nature of job satisfaction.
Prepartum Anemia and Risk of Postpartum Hemorrhage: A Meta-Analysis and Brief Review
Authors: Glonnegger Hannah , Glenzer Michael M. , Lancaster Lian , Barnes Richard F.W. , von Drygalski Annette
Published: November 2023

Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is responsible for 30% to 50% of maternal deaths. There is conflicting evidence if prepartum anemia facilitates PPH. A comprehensive analysis of studies describing their relation is missing. An extensive database search was conducted applying the terms “anemia” OR “hemoglobin” AND “postpartum hemorrhage.” We used a random-effects meta-analysis model to estimate an overall odds ratio (OR) for PPH and prepartum anemia, separating studies that were conformant and non-conformant with the World Health Organization (WHO) definitions for anemia. The search yielded 2519 studies, and 46 were appropriate for analysis. The meta-analyses of WHO-conformant ( n = 22) and non-conformant ( n = 24) studies showed that the risk of PPH was increased when anemia was present. The ORs were 1.45 (CL: 1.23-1.71) for WHO-conformant studies, 2.88 (CL: 1.38-6.02) for studies applying lower thresholds for anemia, and 3.28 (CL: 2.08-5.19) for undefined anemia thresholds. PPH risk appeared to increase with lower anemia thresholds. Prepartum anemia is associated with an increased risk of PPH, an observation that is important regarding improved anemia correction strategies such as iron supplementation.
A layer-wise theory for the dynamic analysis of functionally graded composite nanobeams under thermal environment using nonlocal boundary conditions and Chebyshev collocation technique
Authors: Saini Rahul , Pradyumna S
Published: November 2023

In this study, a layer-wise theory satisfying displacement continuity at each layer’s interface and the Chebyshev collocation technique are adopted to analyze the vibration behavior of functionally graded composite nanobeams under non-uniform temperature variation in the thickness direction. The temperature-dependent mechanical properties vary according to the rule of mixture. Boundary conditions are modified by including the effect of size parameter and named as nonlocal boundary conditions. These nonlocal boundary conditions along with Eringen’s nonlocal elasticity theory are developed to capture the effect of size-dependency for such a nanobeam based on the first-order shear deformation theory (FSDT) and physical neutral plane. The energy principle and the variational approach are used to obtain force-moment equilibrium equations, which lead to governing differential equations and local boundary conditions. Two types of sandwich constructions are considered, namely, Type 1 (functionally graded-homogeneous-functionally graded) and Type 2 (homogeneous-functionally graded-homogeneous), by maintaining the material continuity at the interfaces. Natural frequencies are analyzed in the fundamental mode for various values of volume fraction index, thickness of the layers, size scale parameter, and thermal environment. The convergence rate of the Chebyshev collocation technique is also shown over the differential quadrature method.
Regenerative brake torque compensation control for dual-motor PHEV considering backlash and hydraulic brake nonlinearity
Authors: Wang Feng , Wu Tonglie , Xu Xing , Cai Yingfeng , Ni Yi-Qing
Published: November 2023

This paper presents a novel nonlinearity-considered regenerative brake torque compensation control (NL-TCC) strategy, aimed at enhancing the brake stability for plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) with dual-motor powertrain. The dynamics models of hybrid brake system considering gear backlash and hydraulic brake nonlinearity are established in MATLAB/Simulink environment. Furthermore, the fluctuation of half-shaft torque is adopted as performance indexes to design the NL-TCC strategy for PHEVs with dual-motor powertrain, and the grey wolf optimizer (GWO) is used to obtain the optimal weight coefficients of different stage error functions. Finally, by means of hardware-in-the-loop (HiL) test, it is concluded that the vehicle jerk of the proposed NL-TCC strategy decreases by a minimum of 51.2% than the strategy without torque compensation control.
The free vibration analysis of a cantilever trapezoidal plate with non-uniform thickness reinforced with non-uniformly distributed nanofillers
Authors: Amirabadi Hossein , Afshari Hassan , Darakhsh Arashk , Sarafraz Mirsalman
Published: November 2023

The presented work is devoted to studying the dynamics of cantilever trapezoidal plates with non-uniform thickness and enriched with either carbon nanotubes (CNTs) or graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs). It is assumed that the volume fractions of nanofillers (CNTs or GNPs) and thickness of the plate vary in one direction from the clamped edge of the plate to the outer free edge. The mathematical modeling of the plate is performed according to the first-order shear deformation theory (FSDT), and the density and the effective values of elastic constants of the plate are calculated utilizing the rule of mixture (ROM), the Halpin-Tsai model, and the Eshelby-Mori-Tanaka scheme. Hamilton’s principle is employed to derive the governing equations and boundary conditions at a clamped edge and three free edges of the plate. An approximate solution is provided via the differential quadrature method (DQM) to estimate the natural frequencies of the plate and achieve the corresponding mode shapes. It is concluded that to attain higher natural frequencies in the low vibrational modes, it is more effective to distribute most of the nanofillers as close as to the clamped edge and reduce their volume fraction from the clamped edge to the outer free edge.
Community Benefits Through an Anchor: Contestations During the Planning of the Obama Presidential Center
Authors: Fennelly Maura
Published: November 2023

With the privatization of urban development, anchor institutions are becoming stakeholders in neighborhood revitalization. Cities are eager for anchors due to their purported benefits, but residents are often wary of negative externalities and push for more accountability. This study uses new urban regime theory and focuses on the contestations during an anchor's planning and analyzes the significance of the contestations’ associated outcomes. I use the case of the Obama Presidential Center and the Obama Foundation's rejection of a community benefits agreement to show how anchors can promote a community vision that supersedes that of residents and local organizations. Interviews with organizational stakeholders and analysis of planning materials reveal competing positions regarding organizational identity, community definitions, and racial legitimacy. Enforcing accountability with anchors will require city governments to critique meanings of neighborhood revitalization, prioritize local voices and consider impacts for all large developments, irrespective of whether they are for-profit or non-profit.
The Power of AI-Generated Voices: How Digital Vocal Tract Length Shapes Product Congruency and Ad Performance
Authors: Efthymiou Fotis , Hildebrand Christian , de Bellis Emanuel , Hampton William H.
Published: November 2023

Can AI-generated voices be designed to improve product and brand perceptions? Akin to human voices that evoke mental images in a listener even without visual cues, artificially generated voices can be intentionally designed to elicit envisioned mental representations. Drawing from prior work on sound symbolism and computational advances in speech synthesis, the authors explore how the voice of an AI-powered conversational agent (e.g., a voice assistant such as Amazon Alexa) impacts consumer perceptions and choice. Specifically, the authors examine how altering a conversational agent's digital vocal tract length (i.e., timbre) shapes consumers’ physical ascriptions of the agent and subsequent voice–product congruency evaluations. Four experiments, including a large-scale field experiment, demonstrate that increasing (decreasing) the vocal tract length promotes congruency attributions toward stereotypically masculine (feminine) products and improves advertising performance (higher click-through rates and lower costs per click). This article represents a critical first step in deepening understanding on how artificially generated voices shape the consumer experience, demonstrating how firms could enhance product congruency perceptions and advertising performance by leveraging a more theory-driven approach to voice marketing.
Moderating influences on parents’ fatalistic beliefs about cancer and their association with sun safety behaviors among children of melanoma survivors: Implications for treatment
Authors: Wu Yelena P , Tercyak Kenneth P , Wankier Ali P , Brunsgaard Elise K , Parsons Bridget G , Devine Katie A , Stump Tammy K , Boucher Kenneth M , Hay Jennifer L
Published: November 2023

The purpose of this study is to examine the association between parents’ fatalism about melanoma and their children’s sun protection, and the potential moderating role of parent-child communication. In this observational study of N = 69 melanoma-surviving parents of children ages 8–17, parents reported on their own melanoma fatalism, as well as their children’s sun safety behaviors and parent-child discussion about sun safety. Parent gender, family history of melanoma, and frequency of parent-child discussions moderated the relationship between parents’ fatalism and children’s sun safety behaviors. Among mothers and parents with a family history of melanoma, high fatalism was associated with lower child sunscreen use, especially when discussions were less frequent. Melanoma surviving parents’ fatalistic beliefs about cancer indirectly influence their children’s health behavior and are a risk factor for unsafe sun behavior. Attending to parent gender, family history, and their communications about protective behaviors as co-factors of this risk could inform future intervention targeting.