bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
As singularidades da pesquisa com criança no espaço de vida privada/familiar
Authors: Souza Joseilda Sampaio de , Bonilla Maria Helena Silveira
Published: March 2023

Este texto tem por objetivo apresentar uma reflexão sobre a singularidade da pesquisa com criança e as relações que estabelecemos com nossos interlocutores, tendo como referência uma tese de doutorado em Educação, defendida em 2019, em uma Universidade Pública Federal do nordeste brasileiro, que investigou sobre o brincar de crianças em tempos de tecnologias digitais móveis. Para as opções metodológicas que embasaram os caminhos da Pesquisa com crianças, desenvolvolvemos o estudo com dois grupos de brincantes, formados por uma criança de quatro anos e outra de cinco anos e seus pares, no espaço privado/familiar. Para as relações que estabelecemos com nossos interlocutores adotamos os Estudos da Infância, realizados no campo da Sociologia da Infância (CORSARO, 2011; SARMENTO, 2003, 2004, 2007, 2008; SARMENTO; PINTO, 1997; SIROTA, 2011; PINTO, 1997; QUINTEIRO, 2009). Como resultado concluimos que na Pesquisa com crianças pequenas, é preciso pensar na postura do pesquisador na relação com a criança. Essa postura, precisa ser entendida tendo como princípio o lugar de alteridade experimentado por pesquisadores adultos e crianças no decorrer de todo o seu processo de pesquisar.
Percursos formativos na educação infantil:
Authors: Santos Julianna Britto , Menezes Santos Luiz Anselmo , Soares Silva Priscila
Published: March 2023

A formação docente contínua é condição de qualificação para os professores da educação infantil. Autores como Gatti (2011; 2018), Kramer (2005), Zabalza (2007), entre outros, defendem a formação continuada como construção de competências para o exercício do magistério. Em consonância com as ideias defendidas por esses estudiosos, os trabalhos de Abuchaim (2018), Campos (2018) e Barbosa (2016) demonstram a relevância do aperfeiçoamento permanente para a reflexão e a consolidação de práticas pedagógicas concernentes à primeira infância. Diante dessas pesquisas, a seguinte pergunta se impõe: quais são as necessidades de formação dos docentes que atuam na educação infantil? Motivado por este questionamento, o presente artigo primou pela escuta dos docentes em relação  a seus percursos formativos. O objetivo, portanto, foi reconhecer quais são as necessidades e as dificuldades formativas vivenciadas pelos docentes da educação infantil na rede municipal de ensino de Aracaju/SE. Quanto ao percurso metodológico, ele apresenta natureza qualitativa. Para a produção do material de análise, foram realizadas entrevistas individuais com 44 docentes atuantes na pré-escola, em instituições localizadas na referida cidade. Entre os resultados, foi evidenciado que a fragilidade ou a ausência de formação docente impacta negativamente na relação do professor com a sua identidade profissional. Por essa razão, escutar os docentes, promovendo a reflexão de suas necessidades e dificuldades de formação contínua, no contexto da primeira etapa da educação básica, constitui relevante contribuição para o movimento de qualificação da docência orientada à primeira infância.
ÇELTİK LİFİ TAKVİYELİ BİYO KOMPOZİT MALZEMENİN MEKANİK ÖZELLİKLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: Ağırgan Mehtap , Taşkın Vedat
Published: March 2023

Doğal lif kaynaklı ürünlerden biri çeltik bitkisidir. Trakya bölgesinde yetiştirilen çeltik bitkisi tarladan toplandıktan sonra kalan saplar aylarca tarlada çürüme ve bozunma olmadan bir sonraki ekim işlemine kadar kalabilmektedir. Bitki sapları yakılarak uzaklaştırılmaya çalışılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada bitkisel atıkların ekonomiye ve çevreye kazandırılması amacıyla, enzimatik ön işlem uygulanarak çeltik saplarından lif elde edilmiş ve tarama işlemi ile dokusuz kumaş oluşturulmuştur. Daha sonra sıcak presleme işlemi ile polilaktik asit polimeri kullanılarak biyokompozit malzeme üretilmiştir. Elde edilen kompozit malzemelerin özelikleri çeşitli karakterizasyon yöntemleri ile incelenmiştir. Enzimatik ön işlem sayesinde çeltik lifinde yabancı madde uzaklaştırma ve hidrofilite artışı sağlanmaya çalışılmıştır. Çekme testi sonuçlarına göre; %10 a kadar nonwoven takviyeli biyo kompozit malzemenin mukavemet değerinin azaldığı tespit edilmiştir. PLA'nın cam geçiş sıcaklığı lif içeriği arttıkça azaldığı ve kayıp modülü etkisi hissedilmiştir. Dinamik mekanik analiz sonuçları, 110 °C civarında, PLA'nın soğuk kristalleşmesinin olduğu ve liflerin varlığı ile soğuk kristalleşme ve erime noktası arasında yüksek modül değerleri görülmektedir.
SİYAH RENGİN İKONOGRAFİSİ: LOUİSE NEVELSON ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: DAŞKESEN Halil
Published: March 2023

SİYAH RENGİN İKONOGRAFİSİ: LOUİSE NEVELSON ÖRNEĞİ

Halil DAŞKESEN

Atatürk Üniversitesi, Türkiye

halil.daskesen@atauni.edu.tr

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0606-5721

ÖZ

Sanatsal yaratımın en temel unsurlarından olan renk, toplumsal bir fenomen ve hatırlatıcı kültürel bir kod olarak uygarlık tarihinin her döneminde bir araştırma konusu olmuştur. Siyah ise bu renk araştırmalarının içerisinde toplumsal, kültürel ve sanatsal niteliği açısından her zaman özel bir yere sahip olmuştur. Tarih boyunca ikonik bir renk olarak siyah, edindiği yeni tanımlamalar, birçok alana temas eden çağrışımları ve gerek optik gerek niteliksel değerleri bakımından özel bir konum edinmiştir. Yüzyıllardır renk olup olmadığı konusunda da tartışılan siyah, toplumsal, dini, felsefi, edebi, politik ve sanatsal ikonografide olumlu veya olumsuz anlamlarla anılmıştır.

“Siyah Rengin İkonografisi: Louise Nevelson Örneği” isimli araştırma konusunda da ana ekseni oluşturan siyahın, kaynaklık ettiği alanlar, kullanım amaç ve yöntemleri, sembolik anlamları ve dönemlere göre değişen algısı üzerinde durulmaktadır. Bir rengin sembolik anlamlarının hangi sebeplerle nasıl değiştiğinin bir incelemesi yapılmaktadır. Siyahın tüm yönleriyle en belirgin şekilde ifadesini bulduğu ve üretim sürecinde merkezi bir rol verilen renk olarak yeni anlamlar üretmeye başladığı heykeltıraş Louise Nevelson’ın çalışmaları araştırmanın kapsamını oluşturmaktadır. İkonografik ilişkilerin görsel ve plastik açıdan örneklendirildiği Nevelson’ın yapıtlarında kavramsal çözümleme ile literatüre katkı sunulması ve tarihsel kodların sanatsal üretim sürecinde temel yaklaşımlara farklı bakış açıları kazandırılması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada, örnek yapıtlar üzerinden kavram biçim ilişkisi bağlamında çözümlemeler yapılarak nitel bir araştırma yöntemi kullanılmıştır.
PROJECTION OF SELF-REPRESENTATION IN ADVERTISEMENTS IN THE CONTEXT OF GOFFMAN'S THEORY OF SELF-PRESENTATION: AN ADVERTISING ANALYSIS
Authors: IŞIK Özlem , CİN Havar
Published: March 2023

Özlem IŞIK

Erciyes Universitesi, Turkiye

ogulluoglu@erciyes.edu.tr

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1455-3154

Havar CİN

Şırnak Universitesi, Turkiye

havarcin@sirnak.edu.tr

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2234-7297

Goffman’ın Benlik Sunumu Kuramı Bağlamında Reklamlarda Benlik Sunumunun İzdüşümü: Bir Reklam İncelemesi

ÖZ

Bu çalışma, birçok unsurun, değerin üretiminde rol oynayan reklamların benlik ve benlik sunumu olgularını, üretim süreçlerinde nasıl işlediğine ve bu olguların kendilerini nasıl ürettiğine odaklanmaktadır. Bu amaçtan hareketle, Türkiye pazarında hem iletişim çalışmaları hem de satışı yapılan küresel araba markalarından olan bir ürünün YouTube’da yayınlanan reklam filmi çalışmanın örneklemi olarak belirlenmiştir. Bu bağlamda, seçilen reklam örneklemi öncelikle Roland Barthes’in göstergebilimsel analiz yöntemiyle analiz edilecektir. Ardından elde edilen veriler, benlik olgusunun ve benlik sunumunun reklamlardaki izdüşümü, diğer bir ifadeyle, mesajlarda kodlanma biçimi, söylemlerde ifade şekli, gösterenlerde gösterilme yöntemi ekseninde, Goffman’ın benlik sunumu kuramının bileşenlerinden olan performans, takımlar, bölgeler ve bölgesel davranışlar, karakter dışı iletişim ve izlenim denetimi temaları bağlamında analiz edilecektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Benlik, Benlik Sunumu, Reklam, Goffman benlik sunumu kuramı
TRANSMEDYA HİKAYECİLİĞİ VE BİLİŞSEL KAPİTALİZM İLİŞKİSİ ÜZERİNE BİR DEĞERLENDİRME
Authors: KOÇ Meltem , YILDIRIM Gonca
Published: March 2023

Dijitalleşen ve genişleyen iletişim ortamları ile birlikte, medyalararası bir dünyanın içine hapsolan insanlar, aynı anda çok hızlı ve esnek bir şekilde farklı medyalar arasında yaşamaya başlamışlardır. Bu hızlı akışkanlıktan en iyi yararlanan ve bir hikayenin farklı bölümlerini birden fazla medyaya yayarak, izleyicinin parçaları bütünleştirmede katılımcı olmasına izin veren, yeni bir medya formatı olarak ‘transmedya’ karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Süreklilik ve çeşitlilik gösteren içerikleri sadece tüketmeyip aynı zamanda üreten günümüzün etken izleyicisi, doğrudan veya dolaylı olarak inşa edilen bu dünyanın içine dahil olmakta, fikir ve tecrübeleriyle birer meta haline dönüşmektedir. Transmedya, hikayenin devamlılığı için tüketicinin sadece maddi değil aynı zamanda bilişsel sermayesini kullanmaktadır. Kaynağını bilişsel sermayeden alan bilişsel kapitalizm, üreten tüketicinin bilgi, duygu, tecrübe gibi entelektüel sermayesini sömürü düzenidir. Çalışmanın temel tezi de transmedya, yaratılan tüm medya ortamları ve kullanım biçimleriyle gücünü, ana kaynağını maddi olmayan emekten alan bilişsel kapitalizmin destekçisi rolündedir. Buradan yola çıkarak bu makale ile transmedya ve transmedya hikayelerinin bilişsel kapitalizmle ilişkisini ortaya koymak ve bu ilişkiyi tartışmaya açmak amaçlanmaktadır. Literatür taraması ile hazırlanan çalışmada ayrıca transmedyanın üreten tüketicisi, bilişsel kapitalizmin nasıl bir aracı haline gelmektedir sorusuna cevap aranmaya çalışılmıştır.
CCCXVI. Observationes de lumine Boreali, ab a. MDCCXVI. ad a. MDCCXXXII. partim a se, partim ab aliis, in Svecia habitas
Authors: Celsius Anders
Published: March 2023

This file is a digitized version of Anders Celsius' 1733 monograph on the aurora borealis, in the form of a PDF with fulltext-search functionality embedded. For a detailed summary of contents, see the Introduction by Per Pippin Aspaas.
Identification and biodiversity patterns ofAspergillusspecies isolated from some soil invertebrates at high altitude using morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analyses
Authors: Awad Mohamed Fadl , Albogami Bander , Mwabvu Tarombera , Hassan Montaser M. , Baazeem Alaa , Hassan Mohamed M. , Elsharkawy Mohsen Mohamed
Published: March 2023

Background

The carcinogenic, mutagenic, and teratogenic chemicals such as aflatoxin are a worldwide health problem.Aspergillusspp., responsible for most cases of aflatoxin contamination, are common in the environment and spread easily to many different types of food. The objectives of this study were to conduct a survey of fungi associated with three soil invertebrates in Taif, Saudi Arabia, identify these isolates and explore mycotoxins formation.

Methods

In total, 114 fungal isolates were collected from various soil invertebrates (millipedes,Armadillidium vulgareandPorcellio laevis) in Taif, Saudi Arabia, among them, 22 isolates were identified asAspergillusspp. based on morphological and molecular characteristics followed by bothFusariumandPenicillium.

Results

The sequences of ITS 1 and ITS 4 were utilized. Using bootstrap analysis, phylogenetic tree was split into two distinct clusters. Five sub clusters were included inside the first major cluster, and their bootstrap value was 99%. While, there were two small clusters in the second major cluster. All the testedAspergillusstrains were able to have a single PCR fragment amplified using the primer AspTef. TEF-1 DNA sequence bootstrap analysis with 1,000 replicates revealed two distinct groups. Additionally, theAspergillusisolates were grouped into two different clusters with about 65% genetic similarity using ISSR-PCR analysis. The standard polymerase chain reaction was used to effectively amplify theAopks, afl-Aandomt-A genes in aflatoxigenicAspergillusstrains. FourAspergillusstrains used in this investigation were shown to generate aflatoxin B1. While, threeAspergillusstains showed ochratoxin genes.

Conclusions

In conclusion, the results indicate significant differences in the fungal community between ecoregions and soil invertebrates. Moreover, mycotoxin detection and identification amongAspergillusisolates were elucidated. This study could shed light on the risk of mycotoxin contamination along the supply chain.
The Mental Health Status of Secondary School Teachers amidst the COVID-19 Pandemic in Batanes
Authors: Billote William Jo Se , Ereful Warren David , Cantero Hannah Joy , Salamagos Christian Jake , Velayo Godfrey , Enego Ma. Veronica
Published: March 2023

The well-being of teachers influences the well-being of the students in ways that influence the mental health trajectory of future generations. However, when the pandemic started, lockdowns and the closure of schools caused teachers to suffer stress because they needed to adapt policies to provide learning.  Thus, the changes in work methods have caused mental health issues among teachers. The study aimed to describe the anxiety, stress, and depression among secondary school teachers in Batanes. By considering the level of these mental health issues teachers are experiencing, institutions might be in a better position to put in place the relevant support structures that may be needed.  This study utilized a quantitative research approach and was conducted in all secondary schools in the province. The study was conducted among 73 secondary school teachers, 17 males and 56 females aged 23 to 59. A three-part survey questionnaire was used to gather data in the study – Consent Form, Demographic Profile, and Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21). Results show that they experience moderate anxiety and a normal level of depression and stress. Teachers were significantly affected by the occupational stress during the suspension of face-to-face classes and the impacts associated with the pandemic.
Documented Experiences among Food Service Businesses towards Future-Proofing the Industry
Authors: Bahillo Eloiza Loren
Published: March 2023

Food service businesses such as restaurants and catering services encountered challenges during and after the Covid-19 Pandemic. This quasi-phenomenological qualitative research approach documented the idiosyncratic experiences of Food Service Business Owners and Managers during the Covid-19 Pandemic, determined the challenges encountered by the Food Service Business Owners and Managers, identified the measures implemented by Food Service Industry during and after the Covid-19 Pandemic, and a recommended future-proofing framework in the Food Service Business. The researcher interviewed the selected Registered Food Service Businesses in the economic center of the Second District of Albay, Philippines using an open-ended interview questionnaire and presented a consent form to the participants for it to be recorded and documented. Scrutinized data have determined that the point of view and experiences of the Food Service Business Owners and Managers were relatively comparable. Consequently, Food Service Business Owners and Managers would always be willing to adjust to the current situation or to any business disruption that may occur, particularly on the demands of their customers, by adopting the technological trends, which means having a digital platform to continuously cater to their queries and orders.
Evaluation of Thyroid Stimulating Hormone and Free Thyroxine among Diabetes Mellitus Patients at Shendi Locality, Sudan
Authors: Osman Rahma Abdo Ahmed , Khalid Mosab Omer , Saeed Abdelwahab Abdien , Altaher Tibyan Abd Almajed , Mahjaf Ghanem Mohammed , Gorish Babbiker Mohammed Taher
Published: March 2023

Background: Diabetes Mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. Thyroid disease is found commonly in most forms of diabetes and is associated with advanced age, particularly in type 2 diabetes and underlying autoimmune disease in type 1 diabetes.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate TSH and Free T4 among Diabetes Mellitus Patients in the Shendi locality, from August to December 2021.

Methodology: The present study was a case-control study. Conducted in the Shendi locality, from August to November 2021. Convenience sampling technique was used to include a total of 50 participants in this study of which 30 Sudanese patients with diabetes mellitus were enrolled as cases group and 20 healthy Sudanese were enrolled as control group. Blood samples were collected from each subject and estimated for the level of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and free T4 (FT4) using the 360 Automated Immunoassay Analyzer (TOSOH). And the results were analyzed using the computer program SPSS (Social Science Statistical Package).

Results: The result of this study showed that the mean concentration of TSH and Free T4 level in the diabetic subjects was (Mean ± SD): (1.6 ± 0.99) (13.5 ± 2.3) and control (2.0 ± 0.81) (12.5 ± 2.0) respectively with P. value =0.148, 0.124 which is insignificant. Also showed the mean concentration of TSH and FT4 according to gender is (1.6, 14.7) respectively for males (1.7, 12.7), and a female with P. value (0.718 for TSH which is insignificant) and (0.016 of Free T4 which is significant). Diabetes has an insignificant association with TSH and Free T4 levels, with P values (0.417, 0.277). Furthermore, there is a significant relationship between the presence of hypertension and the levels of TSH and FreeT4 with P. value (0.043, 0.018).

Conclusion: There is no statistical difference between TSH and FT4 levels between cases and controls. There was a ssocition between FT4 levels and gender, with FT4 being higher in females than in males. FT4 is significantly elevated in patients with a family history of diabetes. No significant difference in FT4 levels by age.
Morphometric Analysis of the Hasdeo Subbasin Using Alos Palsar Imagery
Authors: Yadav Usha , Tripathi M. P.
Published: March 2023

"Morphometry" is the analysis of forms that presents a quantitative description of a landform. To assess the Hasdeo subbasin's hydrological features and water potentials based on the morphological characteristics, morphometric analysis of the Hasdeo subbasin was conducted in the current study. ALOS Palsar DEM data were used to reveal details on the Hasdeo subbasin's morphometry. Spatial information from Geographic Information Systems (GIS) was utilized to conduct the study. The linear, areal, and relief characteristics of the basin are taken into account as morphometric parameters for the analysis. The Hasdeo subbasin contains a river network that is classified as being of 6th order (according to Strahler's classification) and has a dendritic drainage pattern, according to morphometric analysis of the river network and the subbasin. The calculated values for the bifurcation ratio (1.93), drainage density (0.63), circularity (0.32), elongation (0.46), form factor (0.16), and stream frequency (43.86) were obtained in that order. This value demonstrated the subbasin's length, which results in low peak flows for a longer time, a significant danger of soil erosion, and a basin's extensive hydrographic network with numerous tributary streams that respond quickly to precipitation. Prioritizing a region based on morphometric analysis is very valuable.
Detection of Common Bacterial Pathogen in Hospital and Lab Settings and Their Anti-microbial Susceptibility Pattern in Various Medical Laboratories in Shendi Town, Sudan
Authors: Abdelgade Leila Mohamed A. , Ahmed Mohamed Alrsheed , Mahjaf Ghanem Mohammed , Gorish Babbiker Mohammed Taher
Published: March 2023

Background: Laboratory infections can be classified as occupational and nosocomial infections. Laboratory-related infections are generally recognized as a potential risk for clinical laboratory workers. Some bacteria can survive longer on dry surfaces and more on wet surfaces that can infect others and also environments.

Objective: To detect common bacterial pathogens in various medical laboratories in Shendi City.

Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted in Shendi City (Sudan) from August to December 2021. This study included 17 laboratories and 50 samples collected by wet exchange from various locations including laboratory surfaces, microscopes, centrifuges, CBC devices, staining racks, and CBC devices.

Results: This study included Staphylococcus aureus (No=11) (22%), Staphylococcus epidermidis (No=10) (20%), Escherichia coli (No=1) (2%), Klebsiella pneumonia (No=9) (18%), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (No=2) (4%). Significant growth of pathogenic bacteria was recoded. Among all the organisms isolated, there was moderate resistance to antibiotics, some bacteria were very resistant, others were resistant, and some organisms were resistant to some antibiotic they were highly sensitive to the substance and resistant to other antibacterial agents. Bacterial isolates (39.4%) were resistant to Amoclane, (No=12) (36.4%) were resistant to gentamicin, and (No=11) (33.3%) were resistant to Ciprofloxacin and Imipenem.

Conclusions: Contamination with pathogens was found on laboratory surfaces and equipment’s (approximately 66% of exchanged items contained pathogens), and dry surfaces may use these organisms as a source of laboratory infection.
Impoliteness Strategies Used by the Employees of Karen’s Diner in Serving Their Customers
Authors: Cornelia Cindy , Soelistyo Liliek
Published: March 2023

This research paper focuses on the impoliteness strategies employed by the employees of Karen's Diner in serving their customers. Through this research, I would like to know how Karen's Diner’s employees apply impoliteness as a strategy in communicating with their customers and why they use the impoliteness strategies. To support this research, I use the theory of impoliteness by Jonathan Culpeper (1996, 2005, 2011). In this study, I discovered that Karen's Diner employees apply impoliteness as several strategies, including by rejecting customers, by ordering customers, by warning customers, and by insulting customers. In addition, I also discovered that the employees of Karen's diner use the four impoliteness strategies to entertain their customers that can be seen from the positive reactions given by customers to the impoliteness treatments from the employees such as saying that they enjoy being at Karen's Diner, they recommend other people to visit Karen's Diner, and they will return to Karen's DIner.
Kratos’ Fathering in God of War (2018)
Authors: Jordan Jeremy
Published: March 2023

God of War (2018) tells the story of Kratos’ struggle to raise his son, Atreus, by himself because of his wife's passing. Using the Good Fathering theory by Morman & Floyd, Kratos fathering will be compared to the theory to determine whether he is a bad father or a good father. The top four characteristics to determine his fathering are love, role model, availability, and involvement. The study was done using a descriptive qualitative approach. The data analysis revealed that Kratos was a bad father in the early part of the game, but later he shows changes in four characteristics of good fathering through his actions in the middle of the story.
Translation Strategies of the Terminologies in the Thesis Abstracts of the Faculty of Industrial Technology
Authors: Richardo Alexander Yanuar
Published: March 2023

This study examines the translation strategies of the terminologies in the eighty thesis abstracts of the Faculty of Industrial Technology. There are twenty abstracts from the Industrial Engineering Department, twenty-one abstracts from the Mechanical Engineering and Design, twenty abstracts from the Business Information System, and nineteen abstracts from the Electrical Engineering Department. The writer uses Baker’s (2018) eight translation strategies as theory. This study applies a descriptive qualitative methodology for the research. The result shows that five of eight translation strategies were used in translating terminologies in the thesis abstracts. The strategies are general word, cultural substitution, loan word/ loan word with explanation, paraphrase using related word, paraphrase using unrelated word. This study shows that loan word is the strategy that is used the most in translating terminologies. This strategy is used because a lot of terminologies from the abstracts of the faculty of Industrial Technology comes from English words.
Evaluation of Survival Following Surgical Resection for Small Nonfunctional Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors
Authors: Sugawara Toshitaka , Rodriguez Franco Salvador , Kirsch Michael J. , Colborn Kathryn L. , Ishida Jun , Grandi Samuele , Al-Musawi Mohammed H. , Gleisner Ana , Del Chiaro Marco , Schulick Richard D.
Published: March 2023

Importance

The number of patients with small nonfunctional pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (NF-PanNETs) is increasing. However, the role of surgery for small NF-PanNETs remains unclear.

Objective

To evaluate the association between surgical resection for NF-PanNETs measuring 2 cm or smaller and survival.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This cohort study used data from the National Cancer Database and included patients with NF-pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms who were diagnosed between January 1, 2004, and December 31, 2017. Patients with small NF-PanNETs were divided into 2 groups: group 1a (tumor size, ≤1 cm) and group 1b (tumor size, 1.1-2.0 cm). Patients without information on tumor size, overall survival, and surgical resection were excluded. Data analysis was performed in June 2022.

Exposures

Patients with vs without surgical resection.

Main Outcomes and Measures

The primary outcome was overall survival of patients in group 1a or group 1b who underwent surgical resection compared with those who did not, which was evaluated using Kaplan-Meier estimates and multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models. Interactions between preoperative factors and surgical resection were analyzed with a multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression model.

Results

Of the 10 504 patients with localized NF-PanNETs identified, 4641 were analyzed. These patients had a mean (SD) age of 60.5 (12.7) years and included 2338 males (50.4%). The median (IQR) follow-up time was 47.1 (28.2-71.6) months. In total, 1278 patients were in group 1a and 3363 patients were in group 1b. The surgical resection rates were 82.0% in group 1a and 87.0% in group 1b. After adjustment for preoperative factors, surgical resection was associated with longer survival for patients in group 1b (hazard ratio [HR], 0.58; 95% CI, 0.42-0.80; P < .001) but not for patients in group 1a (HR, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.41-1.11; P = .12). In group 1b, interaction analysis found that age of 64 years or younger, absence of comorbidities, treatment at academic institutions, and distal pancreatic tumors were factors associated with increased survival after surgical resection.

Conclusions and Relevance

Findings of this study support an association between surgical resection and increased survival in select patients with NF-PanNETs measuring 1.1 to 2.0 cm who were younger than 65 years, had no comorbidities, received treatment at academic institutions, and had tumors of the distal pancreas. Future investigations of surgical resection for small NF-PanNETs that include the Ki-67 index are warranted to validate these findings.
Association of Daily Step Patterns With Mortality in US Adults
Authors: Inoue Kosuke , Tsugawa Yusuke , Mayeda Elizabeth Rose , Ritz Beate
Published: March 2023

Importance

Previous studies have shown that individuals who regularly walk, particularly 8000 daily steps or more, experience lower mortality. However, little is known about the health benefits of walking intensively only a few days a week.

Objective

To evaluate the dose-response association between the number of days an individual takes 8000 steps or more and mortality among US adults.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This cohort study evaluated a representative sample of participants aged 20 years or older in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 2005-2006 who wore an accelerometer for 1 week and their mortality data through December 31, 2019. Data were analyzed from April 1, 2022, to January 31, 2023.

Exposures

Participants were grouped by the number of days per week they took 8000 steps or more (0 days, 1-2 days, and 3-7 days).

Main Outcomes and Measures

Multivariable ordinary least squares regression models were used to estimate adjusted risk differences (aRDs) for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality during the 10-year follow-up, adjusting for potential confounders (eg, age, sex, race and ethnicity, insurance status, marital status, smoking, comorbidities, and average daily step counts).

Results

Among 3101 participants (mean [SD] age, 50.5 [18.4] years; 1583 [51.0%] women and 1518 [49.0%] men; 666 [21.5%] Black, 734 [23.7%] Hispanic, 1579 [50.9%] White, and 122 [3.9%] other race and ethnicity), 632 (20.4%) did not take 8000 steps or more any day of the week, 532 (17.2%) took 8000 steps or more 1 to 2 days per week, and 1937 (62.5%) took 8000 steps or more 3 to 7 days per week. Over the 10-year follow-up, all-cause and cardiovascular deaths occurred in 439 (14.2%) and 148 (5.3%) participants, respectively. Compared with participants who walked 8000 steps or more 0 days per week, all-cause mortality risk was lower among those who took 8000 steps or more 1 to 2 days per week (aRD, −14.9%; 95% CI −18.8% to −10.9%) and 3 to 7 days per week (aRD, −16.5%; 95% CI, −20.4% to −12.5%). The dose-response association for both all-cause and cardiovascular mortality risk was curvilinear; the protective association plateaued at 3 days per week. Different thresholds for the number of daily steps between 6000 and 10 000 yielded similar results.

Conclusions and Relevance

In this cohort study of US adults, the number of days per week taking 8000 steps or more was associated with a lower risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in a curvilinear fashion. These findings suggest that individuals may receive substantial health benefits by walking just a couple days a week.
Independent study demonstrates amyloid probability score accurately indicates amyloid pathology
Authors: Fogelman Ilana , West Tim , Braunstein Joel B. , Verghese Philip B. , Kirmess Kristopher M. , Meyer Matthew R. , Contois John H. , Shobin Eli , Ferber Kyle L. , Gagnon Jake , Rubel Carrie E. , Graham Danielle , Bateman Randall J. , Holtzman David M. , Huang Shuguang , Yu Joanne , Yang Sha , Yarasheski Kevin E.
Published: March 2023

Background

The amyloid probability score (APS) is the model read‐out of the analytically validated mass spectrometry‐based PrecivityAD® blood test that incorporates the plasma Aβ42/40 ratio, ApoE proteotype, and age to identify the likelihood of brain amyloid plaques among cognitively impaired individuals being evaluated for Alzheimer's disease.

Purpose

This study aimed to provide additional independent evidence that the pre‐established APS algorithm, along with its cutoff values, discriminates between amyloid positive and negative individuals.

Methods

The diagnostic performance of the PrecivityAD test was analyzed in a cohort of 200 nonrandomly selected Australian Imaging, Biomarker & Lifestyle Flagship Study of Aging (AIBL) study participants, who were either cognitively impaired or healthy controls, and for whom a blood sample and amyloid PET imaging were available.

Results

In a subset of the dataset aligned with the Intended Use population (patients aged 60 and older with CDR ≥0.5), the pre‐established APS algorithm predicted amyloid PET with a sensitivity of 84.9% (CI: 72.9–92.1%) and specificity of 96% (CI: 80.5–99.3%), exclusive of 13 individuals for whom the test was inconclusive.

Interpretation

The study shows individuals with a high APS are more likely than those with a low APS to have abnormal amounts of amyloid plaques and be on an amyloid accumulation trajectory, a dynamic and evolving process characteristic of progressive AD pathology. Exploratory data suggest APS retains its diagnostic performance in healthy individuals, supporting further screening studies in the cognitively unimpaired.
Opportunities, Challenges, and Influencing Factors in the Forming of Preconditioned Semi‐Finished Products Made of EN AW‐6082 and ‐7075
Authors: Günzel Janosch , Hauß Joachim , Groche Peter
Published: March 2023

The aluminum alloys EN AW‐6082 and ‐7075 possess a high specific strength and are therefore predestined lightweight materials. In the high‐strength T6 state, however, they exhibit low cold formability and a pronounced springback. For this reason, temperature‐supported process routes such as warm or hot forming are currently used to form these alloys. Cold forming of preconditioned semi‐finished products in the W‐Temper (W) or soft‐annealed (O) condition offers an alternative. The upstream heat treatments lead to a significant expansion of formability, making conventional cold forming possible. This comes along with more robust process conditions. After the forming operations, a heat treatment is required to obtain the high‐strength T6 properties. Herein, the opportunities, but also the challenges, of preconditioning are highlighted on the basis of material characterization and single‐stage as well as multistage forming experiments. Special attention is paid to the relevant process variables and their influences regarding process robustness. This also includes subsequent heat treatment to exploit the lightweight potential.
Predicting Deposition Rate and Closing the Loop on Aerosol Jet Printing with In‐Line Light Scattering Measurements
Authors: Rurup Jeremy D. , Secor Ethan B.
Published: March 2023

Aerosol jet printing is a compelling noncontact, digital manufacturing technology for flexible, hybrid, and conformal electronics, but batch‐to‐batch variability and process drift inhibit systematic study and translation to production environments. Emerging measurement techniques for the aerosol volume fraction, a key parameter governing deposition rate, have shown promise for real‐time response, including a recent demonstration of human‐in‐the‐loop control. By integrating improved light scattering measurements with custom software, a robust environment for real‐time monitoring is established and fully automated closed‐loop control over the deposition rate during printing is enabled. The physical basis for scattering measurements as a feedback source is examined and the quantitative insight this provides for ink development and fundamental process studies is highlighted. Three candidate process variables for closed‐loop control, namely the atomizer voltage, carrier gas flow rate, and print speed, are then evaluated. The atomizer voltage demonstrates the best extended duration validity because it addresses atomization variability directly, but carrier gas flow rate and print speed provide faster and more deterministic responses. This methodology is then demonstrated for electrical properties using a silver nanoparticle ink, maintaining 98% of printed patterns within 10% of the mean resistance value over 3 h of printing.
Sequential Architecture Induced Strange Dielectric‐Magnetic Behaviors in Ferromagnetic Microwave Absorber
Authors: Pan Fei , Ning Mingqiang , Li Zhenhua , Batalu Dan , Guo Hongtao , Wang Xiao , Wu Hongjing , Lu Wei
Published: March 2023

The high filler loading (FL) is a bottleneck in developing lightweight ferromagnetic microwave absorbers (MAs) for the actual applications. Sequential architecture design of MAs can induce strange physical behaviors due to the unique coupling‐enhancement effect between functional units, providing a vast potential for achieving high microwave absorption performance. However, the FLs of current sequential MAs fail to be designed on demand because the strange dielectric‐magnetic behaviors cannot be fulfilled. The influence of sequential architecture engineering on the macroscopic properties or microscopic loss mechanism still needs more exploration. Herein, based on four mesoscopic models (particles, chains, bundles, and fibers) of ferromagnetic functional units, a series of ferromagnetic MAs with different sequential architectures are prepared via a bottom‐up self‐assembly method. The fibrous samples exhibit the best microwave absorption performance (−51.3 dB, 4.12 GHz) at a breakthrough FL of 2 wt%, which is one order of magnitude less than other ferromagnetic MAs. Strange dielectric‐magnetic behaviors, including negative permittivity and heterodromous chiral vortex, occur due to functional units with lateral and fibrous configurations. Further, four special models are established to reveal the microwave attenuation evolutionary mechanism. This study clarifies the relationship between sequential architecture and strange dielectric‐magnetic behaviors, which provides new sight to understand microscopic electromagnetic loss mechanism.
Lipid‐Based Nanocarriers Enabled Oral Delivery of Oleanolic Acid Derivative DKS26 for Diabetes Management
Authors: Ban Yujuan , Chu Yuxiu , Pan Feng , Guo Zhiwei , Yang Yang , Wei Xiaoli , Li Guanghui , Qian Jun , Zhan Changyou , Zhang Jiquan , Tang Lei
Published: March 2023

Oleanolic acid derivative DKS26 has hypolipidemic, islet, and hepatoprotective effects. However, high lipophilicity and low water solubility led to DKS26 extremely low oral bioavailability. Herein, lipid‐based nanocarriers, including lipid nanodiscs (sND/DKS26) and liposomes (sLip/DKS26), are prepared to improve DKS26 oral absorption. In comparison to free DKS26 (5.81%), the absolute oral bioavailabilities are significantly increased to 29.47% (sND/DKS26) and 37.25% (sLip/DKS26) without detectable toxicity or immunogenicity even after repeated administrations. Both sND/DKS26 and sLip/DKS26 significantly reduce the feeding glucose level and the AUC of OGTT in db/db diabetic mice. Aiding by the newly developed scFv‐based nanocarrier separation methods, no intact nanocarriers are detected in blood circulation after oral administration, suggesting that both formulations are unable to penetrate the intestinal epithelium. They enhance DKS26 absorption mainly by improving intestinal cell uptake and rapid intracellular release of the payload. Since pre‐existing anti‐PEG is widely detected in humans, the present oral absorption pathway of both nanocarriers successfully avoids unfavorable immunological responses after interaction with anti‐PEG antibodies. The application of lipid‐based nanocarriers paves an efficient and safe avenue for the clinical translation and application of poorly soluble therapeutics derived from traditional Chinese medicine.
Programming 3D Curves with Discretely Constrained Cylindrical Inflatables
Authors: Baines Robert , Patiballa Sree Kalyan , Gorissen Benjamin , Bertoldi Katia , Kramer‐Bottiglio Rebecca
Published: March 2023

Programming inflatable systems to deform to desired 3D shapes opens up multifarious applications in robotics, morphing architecture, and interventional medicine. This work elicits complex deformations by attaching discrete strain limiters to cylindrical hyperelastic inflatables. Using this system, a method is presented to solve the inverse problem of programming myriad 3D centerline curves upon inflation. The method entails two steps: first, a reduced‐order model generates a conceptual solution giving coarse indications of strain limiter placement on the undeformed cylindrical inflatable. This low‐fidelity solution then seeds a finite element simulation nested within an optimization loop to further tune strain limiter parameters. We leverage this framework to achieve functionality through a priori programmed deformations of cylindrical inflatables, including 3D curve matching, self‐tying knotting, and manipulation. The results hold broad significance for the emerging computational design of inflatable systems.
Nitrogen fertilization impact on hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) crop production: A review
Authors: Kaur Navdeep , Brym Zachary , Oyola Luis Alberto Monserrate , Sharma Lakesh K.
Published: March 2023

Regained interest in hemp cultivation has created opportunities and challenges, especially regarding crop management, for example, fertilizer application rate. Most of the literature on nitrogen (N) management in hemp production is from Asia and Europe, with more established cropping systems than in North America. Through our review, we found evidence that N fertilizer has a noticeable positive impact on basic crop morphology and physiology parameters, or at least the crop responds to such infield fertilizer applications. Some physiological parameters that show positive response include photosynthetic pigments, N and nitrate concentration, and water use efficiency. N fertilizer has been demonstrated to increase stem and fiber yield but reduce fiber quality. Increasing N also appears to increase seed yield and protein content. Both excess and low rates of N fertilizer are detrimental to floral hemp. There is little evidence that Δ9‐tetrahydrocannabinol concentration is more affected by N fertilization than genetics. The impact of fertilizer source and timing remains a critical area for research. There is still a need for research on developing a sustainable nutrient management program for hemp.
Pandemic pricing: Evidence from German grocery e‐commerce
Authors: Fedoseeva Svetlana , Van Droogenbroeck Ellen
Published: March 2023

The sudden demand spike for online grocery purchases during the Covid‐19 pandemic and supply bottlenecks caused by disrupted global value chains put immense pressure on prices. We analyze the prices of the largest German online grocers to test how these challenges affected prices during the first wave of the pandemic. Using a large dataset of online price quotes, we shed light on the magnitude of price changes across retailer types, product categories, and stages of the pandemic. We show that online prices went up as the intensity of Covid‐19 containment measures increased. The magnitude of price increases was heterogeneous across retailers and product categories: pure online retailers showed a lower price response compared to hybrid stores, while the prices of essential food items such as baby foods and pantry products increased more than those of other product categories or beverages. [EconLit Citations: E31, Q31].
Metal‐Free Catalytic Reduction of Amides: Recent Progress
Authors: Lee Chung Whan , Ko Haye Min
Published: March 2023

Amines are one of the most important functional groups in organic synthesis, particularly in scaffolds constituting the active ingredients of natural products, pharmaceutical molecules, and agrochemicals. Among various transformations to access amines, amide reduction has been considered as the most facile and efficient strategy, but it is also one of the most problematic, often requiring the use of highly reactive stoichiometric reductants, such as lithium aluminum hydride, as well as rare transition metal catalysts, or both, and harsh reaction conditions. This review covers recent advances in the catalytic reduction of amides to amines without the need for metal catalysts, thus overcoming such problems.
Neuroanatomical study of the podocnemidid turtle Neochelys arenarum (Pleurodira), from the early Eocene of France
Authors: Martín‐Jiménez Marcos , Pérez‐García Adán
Published: March 2023

Neochelys is an exclusively European Eocene podocnemidid genus belonging to a linage that reached this continent at the early Eocene. The so far available anatomical information about it is relatively abundant, especially considering that of its shell, at least partially preserved for the eight valid species currently considered. By contrast, the skull of very few representatives of the taxon has been identified. Neochelys arenarum is one of the species for which the cranial anatomy is known. It corresponds to the oldest species of this genus, coming from the MP7 zone of the Ypresian (early Eocene) of Southern France. The 3D virtual cranial reconstruction and the detailed neuroanatomical study of a representative of Neochelys are carried out here for the first time based on that species, this being also the first study of this nature performed for a European podocnemidid. In addition, the comparison of the neuroanatomical structures (i.e., the endocranial and labyrinthic cavities, and the nervous and circulatory canals) of N. arenarum with those of other representatives of Podocnemidoidae has been achieved.
Bacteriolytic activity in saliva of the hematophagous Triatoma infestans (Reduviidae) and novel characterization and expression site of a third lysozyme
Authors: Meiser Christian K. , Klenner Lars , Balczun Carsten , Schaub Günter A.
Published: March 2023

Saliva of hematophagous insects contains many different compounds, mainly acting as anticoagulants. Investigating the bacteriolytic compounds of the saliva of the bloodsucking Triatoma infestans photometrically between pH 3 and pH 10 using unfed fifth instars and nymphs up to 15 days after feeding, we found bacteriolytic activity against lyophilized Micrococcus luteus was stronger at pH 4 and pH 6. After feeding, the activity level at pH 4 was unchanged, but at pH 6 more than doubled between 3 and 7 days after feeding. In zymographs of the saliva and after incubation at pH 4, bacteriolytic activity against Micrococcus luteus was present at eight lysis zones between 14.1 and 38.5 kDa, showing the strongest activity at 24.5 kDa. After incubation at pH 6, lysis zones only appeared at 15.3, 17, and 31.4 kDa. Comparing zymographs of the saliva of unfed and fed nymphs, bacteriolytic activity at 17 kDa increased after feeding. In total nine lysis bands appeared, also at >30 kDa, so far unreported in the saliva of triatomines. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction using oligonucleotides based on the previously described lysozyme gene of T. infestans, TiLys1, verified expression of genes encoding TiLys1 and TiLys2 in the salivary glands, but also of an undescribed third lysozyme, TiLys3, of which the cloned cDNA shares characteristics with other c‐type lysozymes of insects. While TiLys1 was expressed in the tissue of all three salivary glands, transcripts of TiLys2 and of TiLys3 seem to be present only in the gland G1 and G3, respectively.
Can online interview efficiently recruit graduate students during COVID‐19 pandemic?
Authors: Zhong Lichao , Jin Hui , Shen Jie
Published: March 2023

China is facing its largest COVID‐19 outbreaks since the early days of the pandemic. This makes on‐site interview impossible for graduate student admission. How to do online interview efficiently in recruiting graduate students is a question. Here I sort out the experience and feelings.
A RP‐HPLC–DAD method for analysis of Brazilian southeast brown propolis and its leishmanicidal properties
Authors: Ribeiro Victor Pena , Aldana‐Mejia Jennyfer Andrea , Arruda Caroline , Candido Ana Carolina Bolela Bovo , Magalhães Lizandra Guidi , Oliveira Nicoli Dias , Veneziani Rodrigo Cassio Sola , Bastos Jairo Kenupp , Ambrósio Sérgio Ricardo
Published: March 2023

Propolis is a natural product of great economic and pharmacological importance. The flora surrounding the bee communities is a determining factor in the composition of propolis and therefore in its biological and medicinal properties. Brown propolis is one of the most important types of propolis in Brazil, produced in the southeastern region. The ethanolic extract of a brown propolis sample from Minas Gerais state was chemically characterized for the subsequent development of a RP‐HPLC method, validated according to the standards of regulatory agencies. The leishmanicidal activity of this extract was assessed. The brown propolis was characterized by the presence of chemical markers reported on green propolis such as ferulic acid, coumaric acid, caffeic acid, cinnamic acid, baccharin, artepillin and drupanin, indicating a probable origin on Baccharis dracunculifolia. The developed method agreed with the parameters established by the validation guidelines, then proved to be reliable for the analysis of this type of propolis. The brown propolis displayed significant activity against Leishmania amazonensis with IC50 values of 1.8 and 2.4 μg/ml against the promastigote and amastigote forms, respectively. The studied propolis exhibited promising evidence for use as a natural source against L. amazonensis.