bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A portable cell culture system with a simple microscope, oxygen sensor and MEA amplifier
Authors: Kattipparambil Rajan Dhanesh
Published: December 2019

Cell culture in-vitro is a well-known method to develop cell and disease models for studying physiologically relevant mechanisms and responses for various applications in life sciences. Conventional methods for instance, using static culture flasks or well plates, have limitations, as these cannot provide accurate tractable models for advanced studies. However, microscale systems can overcome this since they mimic the cells' natural microenvironment adequately. We have developed a portable live-cell imaging system with an invert-upright-convertible architecture and a mini-bioreactor for long-term simultaneous cell imaging and analysis, chemical sensing and electrophysiological recording. Our system integrates biocompatible cell-friendly materials with modular measurement schemes and precise environment control and can be automated. High quality time-lapse cell imaging is hugely useful in cell/disease models. However, integration of advanced in-vitro systems into benchtop microscopes for in-situ imaging is tricky and challenging. This is especially true with device based biological systems, such as lab/organ/body-on-chips, or mini-bioreactors/microfluidic systems. They face issues ranging from optical and physical geometry incompatibilities to difficulties in connectivity of flow and perfusion systems. However, the novel modular system we have developed either as an inverted or as an upright system can easily accommodate virtually any in-vitro devices. Furthermore, it can accept additional sensor or measurement devices quite freely. Cell characterization, differentiation, chemical sensing, drug screening, microelectrode-array-electrophysiological recordings, and cell stimulation can be carried out with simultaneous in-situ imaging and analysis. Moreover, our system can be configured to capture images from regions that are otherwise inaccessible by conventional microscopes, for example, cells cultured on physical or biochemical sensor systems. We demonstrate the system for video-based beating analysis of cardiomyocytes, cell orientation analysis on nanocellulose, and simultaneous long-term in-situ microscopy with pO2 and temperature sensing. The compact microscope as such is comparable to standard phase-contrast-microscopes without any detectable aberrations and is useful practically for any in-situ microscopy demands.
A importância da amostragem de solo de perfil completo (ASPC) para a investigação de alta resolução em áreas contaminadas
Authors: Riyis Marcos Tanaka , Arakaki Edson , Riyis Mauro Tanaka , Giacheti Heraldo Luiz
Published: December 2019

A metodologia tradicional de investigação de áreas contaminadas no Brasil se baseia na instalação de poços de monitoramento não afogados com 3 m de seção filtrante e amostragem de solo somente na zona não saturada, realizada na mesma sondagem e com o mesmo equipamento utilizado para fazer a perfuração para a instalação do poço (normalmente trado manual ou helicoidal mecanizado). Essa metodologia não é capaz de fornecer informações suficientes para a elaboração de um modelo conceitual adequado para a área e é incompatível com as normas: NBR 16.434, NBR 15.495-1, ASTM D6282 e com a Decisão de Diretoria 038 (DD-038) da CETESB. Para que esses dispositivos sejam integralmente atingidos, é necessário que, durante a investigação, seja dada prioridade à execução de amostragens de solo de perfil completo (ASPC) que coletem amostras representativas de todo o perfil, inclusive na zona saturada.  A ASPC deve permitir: a aquisição de amostras para análises químicas e físicas em laboratório; a realização de uma varredura vertical de contaminantes; e a identificação e caracterização das UH. Para isso, é preciso utilizar a técnica Direct Push, e dentro dessa técnica, as modalidades Dual Tube, Piston Sampler, ou em casos especiais, Single Tube revestida. Dessas, a que se mostrou mais eficiente para a execução da ASPC foi a Dual Tube.
SIMULASI KOMPUTER SEBAGAI ALAT PENENTU PENERANGAN ALAMI OPTIMAL PADA DESAIN SHADING DEVICE PADA RUANG ASET GEDUNG DEKANAT FT UNDIP
Authors: Ahfadz Ikhwanul , Setyowati Erni , Prianto Eddy
Published: December 2019

Simulasi Komputer sebagai alat peminimalisir kesalahan pada desain kerap kali digunakan untuk memprediksi dalam penentuan keputusan desain. Selain Fungsi bangunan dan kebutuhan lainnya arsitek diwajibkan untuk faham akan konteks dan Kemampuan mengoptimalkan potensi iklim dari lokasi pembangunannya. Perolehan Sinar Matahari menjadi Faktor utamanya karena apabila sedikit sinar matahari yang masuk ruangannya akan kurang penerangan dan apabila terlalu banyak sinar matahari yang datang akan meningkatkan perolehan panas bangunan sehingga pengoptimalan daripada masalah tersebut merupakan kunci keberhasilan dalam sebuah perancangan.  Penelitian Ini menggunakan Metode Experimental dengan mengidentifikasi lokasi, material, Fungsi ruang dan Hal-hal terkait lainnya. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah mencari shading device yang optimal sebagi perisai luar ruangan aset gedung Dekanat FT kampus Universitas Diponegoro ini. Hasil dari penlitian ini menunjukan bahwasannya dengan ada satu desain shading device yang bisa menurunkan rata-rata 33% perolehan sinar matahari yang berpotensi besar menekan penggunaan energi Gedung Dekanat Fakultas Teknik Universitas Diponegoro Semarang.
The polymorphs of the Na+ion conductor Na3PS4viewed from the perspective of a group-subgroup scheme
Authors: Seidel Stefan , Zeier Wolfgang G. , Pöttgen Rainer
Published: December 2019

The Na+solid state electrolyte Na3PS4is currently being investigated due to its high ionic conductivity and its synthesis-dependent crystal structure. Na3PS4adopts a tetragonal low-temperature modification with space groupP 4̅21cthat transforms to a cubic high-temperature modification with space groupI 4̅3m(Tl3VS4type). These two modifications are related by a group-subgroup scheme. The symmetry reduction proceeds via atranslationengleichetransition fromI 4̅3mtoI 4̅2mand subsequently via aklassengleichetransition toP 4̅21c. The tetragonal phase with space groupI 4̅2mcorresponds to the K2HgSnSe4type. The group-subgroup scheme of this tetragonal branch of the Bärnighausen tree is discussed along with the crystal chemical consequences and results of diffraction experiments. The structure of K3SbSe4(space groupR 3c) belongs to the rhombohedral branch of the aristotype Tl3VS4.
International Journal of Risk and Recovery, beginning of an exciting journey
Authors: Prat Sebastien S
Published: December 2019

Sébastien Prat is an Assistant Professor at McMaster University and a Staff Psychiatrist at St. Joseph’s Healthcare Hamilton. His medical training and residency in Psychiatry took place at the University François Rabelais of Tours in France. He underwent a subspecialty training in Forensic Psychiatry at McMaster University. He is the Executive Editor of the International Journal of Risk and Recovery.
Improving Mechanical Effectiveness During Sprint Acceleration: Practical Recommendations and Guidelines
Authors: Hicks Dylan Shaun , Schuster Jake George , Samozino Pierre , Morin Jean-Benoit
Published: December 2019

Sport scientists and strength and conditioning coaches are showing growing interest in the magnitude, orientation, and application of ground reaction force during acceleration actions in sport, as it can identify the key mechanical determinants of performance. Horizontal force-velocity profiling or sprint profiling helps practitioners understand the capacity of the mechanical force production during the acceleration phase of a sprint. This review examines the methods used in the field for determining horizontal force-velocity (sprint) profiles. It also includes recommendations for practical training methods to address individual force-velocity characteristics, mechanical effectiveness, thereby optimizing acceleration performance.
Stimulation Augments Spike Sequence Replay and Memory Consolidation during Slow-Wave Sleep
Authors: Wei Yina , Krishnan Giri P. , Marshall Lisa , Martinetz Thomas , Bazhenov Maxim
Published: December 2019

Newly acquired memory traces are spontaneously reactivated during slow-wave sleep (SWS), leading to the consolidation of recent memories. Empirical studies found that sensory stimulation during SWS can selectively enhance memory consolidation with the effect depending on the phase of stimulation. In this new study, we aimed to understand the mechanisms behind the role of sensory stimulation on memory consolidation using computational models implementing effects of neuromodulators to simulate transitions between awake and SWS sleep, and synaptic plasticity to allow the change of synaptic connections due to the training in awake or replay during sleep. We found that when closed-loop stimulation was applied during the Down states of sleep slow oscillation, particularly right before the transition from Down to Up state, it significantly affected the spatiotemporal pattern of the slow waves and maximized memory replay. In contrast, when the stimulation was presented during the Up states, it did not have a significant impact on the slow waves or memory performance after sleep. For multiple memories trained in awake, presenting stimulation cues associated with specific memory trace could selectively augment replay and enhance consolidation of that memory and interfere with consolidation of the others (particularly weak) memories. Our study proposes a synaptic-level mechanism of how memory consolidation is affected by sensory stimulation during sleep.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTStimulation, such as training-associated cues or auditory stimulation, during sleep can augment consolidation of the newly encoded memories. In this study, we used a computational model of the thalamocortical system to describe the mechanisms behind the role of stimulation in memory consolidation during slow-wave sleep. Our study suggests that stimulation preferentially strengthens memory traces when delivered at a specific phase of the slow oscillation, just before the Down to Up state transition when it makes the largest impact on the spatiotemporal pattern of sleep slow waves. In the presence of multiple memories, presenting sensory cues during sleep could selectively strengthen selected memories. Our study proposes a synaptic-level mechanism of how memory consolidation is affected by sensory stimulation during sleep.
Top-Down Feedback Controls the Cortical Representation of Illusory Contours in Mouse Primary Visual Cortex
Authors: Pak Alexandr , Ryu Esther , Li Claudia , Chubykin Alexander A.
Published: December 2019

Visual systems have evolved to recognize and extract features from complex scenes using limited sensory information. Contour perception is essential to this process and can occur despite breaks in the continuity of neighboring features. Such robustness of the animal visual system to degraded or occluded shapes may also give rise to an interesting phenomenon of optical illusions. These illusions provide a great opportunity to decipher neural computations underlying contour integration and object detection. Kanizsa illusory contours have been shown to evoke responses in the early visual cortex despite the lack of direct receptive field activation. Recurrent processing between visual areas has been proposed to be involved in this process. However, it is unclear whether higher visual areas directly contribute to the generation of illusory responses in the early visual cortex. Using behavior,in vivoelectrophysiology, and optogenetics, we first show that the primary visual cortex (V1) of male mice responds to Kanizsa illusory contours. Responses to Kanizsa illusions emerge later than the responses to the contrast-defined real contours in V1. Second, we demonstrate that illusory responses are orientation-selective. Finally, we show that top-down feedback controls the neural correlates of illusory contour perception in V1. Our results suggest that higher-order visual areas may fill in the missing information in the early visual cortex necessary for illusory contour perception.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTPerception of the Kanizsa illusory contours is impaired in neurodevelopmental disorders such as schizophrenia, autism, and Williams syndrome. However, the mechanism of the illusory contour perception is poorly understood. Here we describe the behavioral and neural correlates of Kanizsa illusory contours perception in mice, a genetically tractable model system. We show that top-down feedback controls the neural responses to Kanizsa illusion in V1. To our knowledge, this is the first description of the neural correlates of the Kanizsa illusion in mice and the first causal demonstration of their regulation by top-down feedback.
Influence of climate warming on the strength characteristics of ice in the Ob Bay
Authors: Andreev O. M. , Drabenko D. V. , Vinogradov R. A. , Orlova E. U.
Published: December 2019

The article presents results of investigation of the climate warming effects in the northern polar region of the Earth, in particular on some characteristics of ice in the northern part of the Ob Bay (the area of the most active economic activity of the Russian Federation in the last decade). It is determined that over the past 40 years, morphometric and strength characteristics of ice have significantly changed. Estimates of ice thickness obtained using simple empirical formulas (depending on the sum of the degree-days of frost) show that the ice thickness decreased here by an average of 10 15%. The strength characteristics of ice were analyzed for two periods: the maximum strength of ice (for this area it is March) and the maximum development of ice thickness (usually it is May). It was found that the strength properties of ice (bending and compression) for both periods decreased by 10-12%. Thus, in recent decades, under the influence of climate warming in the Ob Bay, the thickness and strength of the ice cover have significantly decreased. This circumstance will be favorable for further development of the considered water area by Russian oil and gas companies.
Simulation of snow accumulation and melting in the Kama river basin using data from global prognostic models
Authors: Pyankov S. V. , Shikhov A. N. , Mikhaylyukova P. G.
Published: December 2019

Currently, the improvement of numerical models of weather forecasting allows using them for hydrological problems, including calculations of snow water equivalent  (SWE) or snow storage. In this paper, we discuss the applicability of daily precipitation forecasts for three global atmospheric models: GFS (USA), GEM (Canada) and PL-AV (Russia) for calculating snow storage (SWE) in the Kama river basin for the cold season of 2017–2018. As the main components of the balance of snow storages the following parameters were taken into account: precipitation (with regard for the phase); snow melting during thaws; evaporation from the surface of the snow cover; interception of solid precipitation by forest vegetation. The calculation of snow accumulation and melting was based on empirical methods and performed with the GIS technologies. The degree-day factor was used to calculate snowmelt intensity, and snow sublimation was estimated by P.P. Kuz’min formula. The accuracy of numerical precipitation forecasts was estimated by comparing the results with the data of 101 weather stations. Materials of 40 field and 27 forest snow-measuring routes were taken into account to assess the reliability of the calculation of snow storages (SWE). During the snowmelt period, the part of the snow-covered area of the basin was also calculated using satellite images of Terra/Aqua MODIS on the basis of the NDFSI index. The most important result is that under conditions of 2017/18 the mean square error of calculating the maximum snow storage by the GFS, GEM and PL-AB models was less than 25% of its measured values. It is difficult to determine which model provides the maximum accuracy of the snow storage calculation since each one has individual limitations. According to the PL-AV model, the mean square error of snow storage calculation was minimal, but there was a significant underestimation of snow accumulation in the mountainous part of the basin. According to the GEM model, snow storages were overestimated by 10–25%. When calculating with use of the GFS model data, a lot of local maximums and minimums are detected in the field of snow storages, which are not confirmed by the data of weather stations. The main sources of uncertainty in the calculation are possible systematic errors in the numerical forecasts of precipitation, as well as the empirical coefficients used in the calculation of the intensity of snowmelt and evaporation from the snow cover surface.
Análisis del sobrepeso y obesidad, niveles de actividad física y autoestima de la niñez salvadoreña
Authors: Evert Iraheta Boris , Álvarez Bogantes Carlos
Published: December 2019

El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar el IMC (índice de masa corporal), la autoestima y el nivel de actividad física de los niños y las niñas de II ciclo de la ciudad de San Salvador. Participaron 11 centros escolares: 359 (47 %) fueron niñas y 399 (53 %) niños, con edad promedio de 11.49 ±1.34 años, una talla de 147.11 ± 0.10 cm y un peso de 47.53 ± 13.758 kg. Se evaluó peso, talla, IMC, la percepción de actividad física y autoestima, por medio del cuestionario de actividad física para niños y niñas mayores (PAQ-C) y el cuestionario sobre autoestima (LAWSEQ). En los resultados obtenidos se encontró que un 29 % (n= 227) tienen bajo peso, un 46.7 % (n= 354) tienen peso saludable, un 18.3 % (n= 139) tiene sobrepeso y un 5 % (n= 38) tiene obesidad. En el caso de la actividad física los datos recabados muestran que un 53.7 % (n= 407) muestran valores de baja actividad física, un 43.8 % (n= 332) valores de actividad física media y un 2.5 % (n= 19) valores de actividad física alta. En el caso de la autoestima los datos evidencian que un 52. 9% (n= 401) están en condición de baja autoestima, un 43.1 % (n= 327) tiene autoestima promedio y un 4.0 % (n= 30) presenta valores de alta autoestima. Se concluye que los datos obtenidos en las variables de IMC, nivel de actividad física y autoestima en el grupo de estudiantes evaluados son alarmantes, lo que propone la necesidad de desarrollar estrategias para intervenir esta problemática.
Hacia el perfeccionamiento institucional de los cuerpos académicos en la Facultad de Ingeniería Mecánica y Eléctrica de la Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, México
Authors: Dimas Rangel María Isabel , Torres Bugdud Arturo , Castillo Elizondo Jaime Arturo
Published: December 2019

Recibido 29 de agosto de 2012 •  Corregido 22 de octubre de 2012 • Aceptado 07 de noviembre de 2012El presente artículo aborda un tema de crucial importancia para las instituciones de Educación Superior. En particular, en México, el trabajo colegiado de los académicos es una problemática no resuelta, a pesar de los esfuerzos que se han realizado en este sentido. Por estas razones, es  imprescindible una reflexión sistemática y fundamentada sobre las potencialidades  de los cuerpos académicos para el fortalecimiento de la planta docente y su consiguiente repercusión en la calidad educativa. Este artículo expone los resultados finales producto de un trabajo de  investigación realizado en la FIME, que tuvo como objetivo caracterizar los cuerpos académicos en esta Facultad, de modo que se constate el estado actual y la prospectiva de los citados órganos.
Educación sexual: Orientadores y orientadoras desde el modelo biográfico y profesional
Authors: Fallas Vargas Manuel Arturo , Artavia Aguilar Cindy , Gamboa Jiménez Alejandra
Published: December 2019

Recibido 15 de marzo de 2012 •  Corregido 21 de octubre de 2012 • Aceptado 07 de noviembre de 2012 El presente documento plantea la necesidad de que la sociedad contemporánea posea mayores y mejores conocimientos sobre sexualidad, con miras a una vivencia efectiva de esta dentro de un marco de respeto a la biografía sexual del ser humano y fundamentados en la ética relacional. Para ello se apuesta por una educación sexual integral, democrática, tolerante y abierta, dentro de los procesos educativos a lo largo de todas las etapas evolutivas del ser humano. Uno de los sectores profesionales llamados a desarrollar este tipo de educación es el colectivo de orientadores y orientadoras. Para dicha acción, requieren conocer cuáles fueron los modelos o formas de abordaje con los que se educaron y que han marcado su hacer en dicha temática. Esto permitirá que la persona profesional en orientación se dé a la tarea de evaluar, fortalecer o aprender nuevas competencias en el campo personal, actitudinal, conceptual y en cuanto a la visión sobre la diversidad de las personas con quienes trabaja; así como en el campo procedimental, las estrategias y técnicas de intervención orientadora en sexualidad, que incidan en su labor profesional.
¿Hay una disminución en la cantidad de vocabulario de los ingresantes a carreras de nivel superior? Análisis longitudinal
Authors: Zapico Martín Gonzalo , Degregori Lucía , Berardo Itatí
Published: December 2019

El sistema educativo argentino vive una situación que podría ser catalogada como crisis, que se hace manifiesta cuando los egresados del secundario deben afrontar una carrera de nivel superior o universitaria y no tienen las competencias básicas de lectura y escritura (entre otras), lo cual redunda en una alta tasa de deserción en el primer año. A su vez, hay ideas que afirman una disminución en estas competencias a lo largo que pasan los años y las nuevas cohortes. En este artículo, pondremos a prueba dicha hipótesis, para lo cual se compararán las puntuaciones obtenidas en un test de vocabulario a cuatro cohortes de ingresantes, y se observarán los cambios en las puntuaciones. Los resultados sugieren una disminución lenta, pero constante en las medias de los resultados, aunque no se observa una diferencia estadísticamente significativa entre las cohortes y las puntuaciones.
Políticas de inclusión/prácticas de subalternización: la construcción de etnicidad en los villancicos de negros de la Catedral de Santiago de Guatemala (siglos XVI-XVIII)
Authors: Singer Deborah
Published: December 2019

This paper problematizes the notion of ethnicity underlying in villancicos de negros that are sheltered in Guatemala’s Archidiocesan Historical Archive. Despite being musical pieces that project the idea of social harmony, they enable the emergence of identities in conflict with the colonial power, based on an ambivalent discourse that consolidates and naturalizes racial stereotypes.
Inclusion Politics/Subalternization Practices: The Construction of Ethnicity in Villancicos de Negros of the Cathedral of Santiago de Guatemala (16th-18th Centuries)
Authors: Singer Deborah Singer
Published: December 2019

This article problematizes the notion of ethnicity underlying villancicos de negros of the Archdiocesan Historical Archive of Guatemala (AHAG). Although these are musical pieces that project the idea of social harmony in a festive context, the truth is that identities emerge in conflict with colonial power, based on an ambivalent discourse that consolidates and naturalizes racial stereotypes.
Comentario del libro: Costa Rica después del café. La era cooperativa en la historia y la memoria, de Lowell Gudmundson
Authors: Díaz Porras Rafael
Published: December 2019

El autor inicia el libro, mostrando la motivación para escribirlo, que claramente nos muestra una preocupación compartida por generaciones nacidas entre 1950 y 1980. Gudmundson nos indica: “Presenciando los últimos acontecimientos en el otro país del cual somos ciudadanos y los temores que despiertan, dichas conversaciones en familia han reforzado nuestro compromiso de alertar a los lectores sobre lo que está en juego en nuestros días”.
Concepto de blindaje endodóntico: consideraciones restauradoras en Endodoncia
Authors: Valdivia José Edgar , De Lima Machado Manoel Eduardo
Published: December 2019

El enfoque integrado de los procedimientos endodónticos y restauradores del elemento dental permite la reincorporación del mismo tratado endodónticamente, a su función en el sistema estomatognático. El diente despulpado se debilita debido a los cambios que ocurren en su estructura, porque se entiende que una modificación en su arquitectura y morfología, puede volverlo más friable debido a la gran pérdida de estructura dental por caries, preparación y extensión de la cavidad. De este modo, el blindaje radicular y coronario busca recuperar la resistencia estructural del diente tratado endodónticamente.
Consideraciones en el tratamiento ortodóncico de pacientes con necesidades especiales. Revisión de la literatura
Authors: Leiva-Villagra Noemí , Ayala-Jiménez Francisca , Stange-Dempster Carolina , Fuentes-Flores Vanessa , Véliz-Méndez Sebastián
Published: December 2019

Las necesidades especiales en salud han sido definidas por la Asociación Americana de Odontopediatría como “toda condición o limitación física, del desarrollo, mental, sensorial, conductual, cognitiva o deterioro emocional que requiere tratamiento médico, intervención de atención de la salud, y/o el uso de servicios o programas especializados”. Actualmente, los pacientes con necesidades especiales en salud presentan una mayor tasa de supervivencia y expectativas de vida mayores. Además, presentan una mayor prevalencia y severidad de anomalías dento-maxilares que impactan negativamente su salud general y calidad de vida. La creciente preocupación de los padres y profesionales por el aspecto estético y funcional, ha llevado a un aumento en la demanda por tratamiento de ortodoncia, sin embargo, el acceso a él sigue siendo limitado. El objetivo de la presente revisión es describir según la literatura disponible, las consideraciones para el tratamiento ortodóncico en pacientes con necesidades especiales en salud. Se concluye que el tratamiento no debe ser denegado solo por presentar una discapacidad; no obstante, el compromiso de los padres y/o cuidadores con el tratamiento es crucial para el éxito. El tratamiento debe ser planificado en etapas, siendo la fase de adaptación a la atención de gran importancia. La longitud de tratamiento en estos pacientes, es similiar a la de individuos sanos, pero se requiere un mayor tiempo-sillón y los resultados obtenidos suelen ser inferiores. El tratamiento de ortodoncia puede mejorar la estética y función en pacientes con situación de discapacidad, facilitando su integración social e impactando positivamente en su calidad de vida.
Extrusión de instrumento a tejidos periapicales y resolución mediante cirugía periapical: reporte de un caso
Authors: Villalpando-Lazcano Jesús Israel , Constandse-Cortez Denise , Vázquez-Quiroga Edgar , García-Zamarrón Diana Juana
Published: December 2019

El desprendimiento de instrumentos manuales o rotatorios es una de las complicaciones comunes que se presentan al realizar un tratamiento de endodoncia. El procedimiento ideal consiste en remover el instrumento del conducto, sin embargo, existen casos en los cuales resulta imposible retirarlo; por lo cual, es necesario realizar una cirugía periapical. En este caso se explica cómo se procedió a eliminar un instrumento desprendido en el tercio apical de un primer premolar inferior derecho que fue extruido a tejidos periapicales al tratar de removerlo con ultrasonido, por este motivo se realizó una apicectomía en el órgano dental comprometido.
Exéresis de odontoma complejo mediante osteotomía sagital de rama. Reporte de un caso
Authors: Carrasco Ortega Nelly Marcelina , Moreno Villalobos David , Arellano Porras Gloria , Rodríguez Flores Arturo
Published: December 2019

El odontoma es un tumor benigno originado a partir de una alteración de células odontogénicas epiteliales y mesenquimatosas diferenciadas con capacidad de formar esmalte, dentina y cemento, siendo la diferencia entre ambos la organización del tejido dentario. La etiología es desconocida pero se ha asociado a infecciones, anomalías hereditarias, hiperactividad odontoblástica y traumatismos. Cuando el odontoma es de tamaño pequeño o promedio, el tratamiento aceptable es la exéresis del tumor. El problema surge con los odontomas grandes, cuya extirpación implica el sacrificio de grandes cantidades de hueso, el potencial de fractura mandibular y el daño del nervio alveolar inferior. Para evitar estas complicaciones en la extirpación de tumores grandes en la mandíbula, Rittersma y van Gool introdujeron en 1979 el uso de la técnica de osteotomía sagital de rama mandibular para tratar esta patología. Se reporta el caso de un paciente varón de 37 años, sin antecedentes sistémicos, que presentó aumento de volumen de hemicara izquierda asociado a dolor y secreción purulenta, se realizó los exámenes clínicos, imagenológico e histopatológicos, llegando al diagnóstico de odontoma complejo infectado. Fue tratado con la técnica osteotomía sagital de rama mandibular exitosamente en el servicio de cirugía bucal y maxilofacial del Hospital Nacional Hipólito Unanue, Lima-Perú.
Entrevista al Dr. William Giannobile, editor jefe de la Journal of Dental Research
Authors: Guerrero Acevedo Maria Eugenia
Published: December 2019

Para el Dr. William Giannobile, experto reconocido internacionalmente en el campo de la ingeniería de tejidos dentales, el servir como editor jefe de la Journal of Dental Research (JDR) ha sido una oportunidad increíble y uno de los esfuerzos más gratificantes de su carrera profesional. Ha cumplido los objetivos principales que se le propusieron como editor de esta revista y se siente privilegiado de haber podido trabajar en conjunto con editores muy capaces y con una visión de futuro increíble que han hecho de la JDR la principal fuente de difusión en investigación durante más de un siglo. Bajo el liderazgo del Dr. Giannobile, la JDR se ha esforzado por alcanzar la calidad de las mejores revistas de investigación en Medicina y Ciencias Biológicas publicando los resultados de diferentes investigaciones, pero también estimulando el espíritu de investigación y promoviendo el desarrollo de investigación original en Estomatología.
SOME QUESTION ABOUT THE CUISINE OF GALICIAN ARYSTOCRATES. MENU’S OF THE LUBOMIRSKI PRINCELY FAMILY (1907–1912)
Authors: Lylo Ihor
Published: December 2019

Cuisine remains one of the most critical elements of every nation’s self-identification. "We are what we eat" – the famous saying of the Greek ancient physician and doctor Hippocrates. Its sentence gives an understanding of why even gastronomic practices had a critical case on the territories of Eastern Europe occupied by Soviet Russia. Destroy national identity in all its forms. Intimidate the population and subdue their will through the famine. That was one of the aiming tasks of the totalitarian system.

            Galician cuisine, which is the object of our study, has many differences in each social groups. Every of it’s had peculiarities under the influence of certain circumstances, took and gave something unique. The cuisine of the Galician aristocrats from the end of 19th and the first half of 20th centuries remains the least known for the Ukrainian’s today. We analyzed the peculiarities of their gastronomic preferences through the documents of the archive of the Polish princely family of Lubomirski.

            We used anthropological, historical, and cultural methods during the study. For the first time, we introduced to scientific circulation new materials related to the lives of Andrzej and Eleonor Lubomirski in 1907–1912. Studying this issue will help to improve our knowledge of the gastronomic practices of Galician aristocrats and to learn more about their social environment, political situation. Better understand the changes that took place in Galicia before the First Great War.
Contextual Factors Influencing Implementation of Evidence-Based Care for Children Hospitalized With Asthma
Authors: Nkoy Flory L. , Wilkins Victoria L. , Fassl Bernhard A. , Johnson Joseph M. , Uchida Derek A. , Poll Justin B. , Greene Tom H. , Koopmeiners Karmella J. , Reynolds Carolyn C. , Valentine Karen J. , Savitz Lucy A. , Maloney Christopher G. , Stone Bryan L.
Published: December 2019

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

The translation of research findings into routine care remains slow and challenging. We previously reported successful implementation of an asthma evidence-based care process model (EB-CPM) at 8 (1 tertiary care and 7 community) hospitals, leading to a high health care provider (HCP) adherence with the EB-CPM and improved outcomes. In this study, we explore contextual factors perceived by HCPs to facilitate successful EB-CPM implementation.

METHODS:

Structured and open-ended questions were used to survey HCPs (n = 260) including physicians, nurses, and respiratory therapists, about contextual factors perceived to facilitate EB-CPM implementation. Quantitative analysis was used to identify significant factors (correlation coefficient ≥0.5; P ≤ .05) and qualitative analysis to assess additional facilitators.

RESULTS:

Factors perceived by HCPs to facilitate EB-CPM implementation were related to (1) inner setting (leadership support, adequate resources, communication and/or collaboration, culture, and previous experience with guideline implementation), (2) intervention characteristics (relevant and applicable to the HCP’s practice), (3) individuals (HCPs) targeted (agreement with the EB-CPM and knowledge of supporting evidence), and (4) implementation process (participation of HCPs in implementation activities, teamwork, implementation team with a mix of expertise and professional’s input, and data feedback). Additional facilitators included (1) having appropriate preparation and (2) providing education and training.

CONCLUSIONS:

Multiple factors were associated with successful EB-CPM implementation and may be used by others as a guide to facilitate implementation and dissemination of evidence-based interventions for pediatric asthma and other chronic diseases in the hospital setting.
Pyloric Stenosis: National Trends in the Incidence Rate and Resource Use in the United States From 2012 to 2016
Authors: Donda Keyur , Asare-Afriyie Barbara , Ayensu Marian , Sharma Mayank , Amponsah Jason K. , Bhatt Parth , Hesse Matilda Adobea , Dapaah-Siakwan Fredrick
Published: December 2019

OBJECTIVES:

Infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (IHPS) is the most common reason for abdominal surgery in infants; however, national-level data on incidence rate and resource use are lacking. We aimed to examine the national trends in hospitalizations for IHPS and resource use in its management in the United States from 2012 to 2016.

METHODS:

We performed a retrospective serial cross-sectional study using data from the National Inpatient Sample, the largest health care database in the United States. We included infants aged ≤1 year assigned an International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, or International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, code for IHPS who underwent pyloromyotomy or pyloroplasty. We examined the temporal trends in the incidence rate (cases per 1000 live births) according to sex, insurance status, geographic region, and race. We examined resource use using length of stay (LOS) and hospital costs. Linear regression was used for trend analysis.

RESULTS:

Between 2012 and 2016, there were 32 450 cases of IHPS and 20 808 149 live births (incidence rate of 1.56 per 1000). Characteristics of the study population were 82.7% male, 53% white, and 63.3% on Medicaid, and a majority were born in large (64%), urban teaching hospitals (90%). The incidence of IHPS varied with race, sex, socioeconomic status, and geographic region. In multivariable regression analysis, the incidence rate of IHPS decreased from 1.76 to 1.57 per 1000 (adjusted odds ratio 0.93; 95% confidence interval 0.92–0.93). The median cost of care was $6078.30, whereas the median LOS was 2 days, and these remained stable during the period.

CONCLUSIONS:

The incidence rate of IHPS decreased significantly between 2012 and 2016, whereas LOS and hospital costs remained stable. The reasons for the decline in the IHPS incidence rate may be multifactorial.
Psychosocial Stress and Adversity: Effects from the Perinatal Period to Adulthood
Authors: Barrero-Castillero Alejandra , Morton Sarah U. , Nelson Charles A. , Smith Vincent C.
Published: December 2019

Early exposure to stress and adversity can have both immediate and lasting effects on physical and psychological health. Critical periods have been identified in infancy, during which the presence or absence of experiences can alter developmental trajectories. There are multiple explanations for how exposure to psychosocial stress, before conception or early in life, has an impact on later increased risk for developmental delays, mental health, and chronic metabolic diseases. Through both epidemiologic and animal models, the mechanisms by which experiences are transmitted across generations are being identified. Because psychosocial stress has multiple components that can act as stress mediators, a comprehensive understanding of the complex interactions between multiple adverse or beneficial experiences and their ultimate effects on health is essential to best identify interventions that will improve health and outcomes. This review outlines what is known about the biology, transfer, and effects of psychosocial stress and early life adversity from the perinatal period to adulthood. This information can be used to identify potential areas in which clinicians in neonatal medicine could intervene to improve outcomes.
National Instant Criminal Background Check and Youth Gun Carrying
Authors: Timsina Lava R. , Qiao Nan , Mongalo Alejandro C. , Vetor Ashley N. , Carroll Aaron E. , Bell Teresa M.
Published: December 2019

BACKGROUND:

Despite being unable to purchase firearms directly, many adolescents have access to guns, leading to increased risk of injury and death. We sought to determine if the National Instant Criminal Background Check System (NICS) changed adolescents’ gun-carrying behavior.

METHODS:

We performed a repeated cross-sectional study using National Youth Risk Behavior Survey data from years 1993 to 2017. We used a survey-weighted multivariable logistic regression model to determine if the NICS had an effect on adolescent gun carrying, controlling for state respondent characteristics, state laws, state characteristics, the interaction between the NICS and state gun laws, and time.

RESULTS:

On average, 5.8% of the cohort reported carrying a gun. Approximately 17% of respondents who carried guns were from states with a universal background check (U/BC) provision at the point of sale, whereas 83% were from states that did not have such laws (P < .001). The model indicated that the NICS together with U/BCs significantly reduced gun carrying by 25% (adjusted relative risk = 0.75 [95% confidence interval: 0.566–0.995]; P = .046), whereas the NICS independently did not (P = .516).

CONCLUSIONS:

Adolescents in states that require U/BCs on all prospective gun buyers are less likely to carry guns compared with those in states that only require background checks on sales through federally licensed firearms dealers. The NICS was only effective in reducing adolescent gun carrying in the presence of state laws requiring U/BCs on all prospective gun buyers. However, state U/BC laws had no effect on adolescent gun carrying until after the NICS was implemented.
Attentional bias in Internet users with problematic use of social networking sites
Authors: Nikolaidou Maria , Fraser Danaë Stanton , Hinvest Neal
Published: December 2019

Background and aims

Evidence from the field of addictive disorders suggests that attentional bias for stimuli related to a substance or activity of abuse (e.g., gambling) exacerbates the addictive behavior. However, evidence regarding attentional bias in PIU is sparse. This study aims to investigate whether individuals who express problematic tendencies toward social networking sites (SNS), a subtype of PIU, show attentional bias for stimuli associated with social media.

Methods

Sixty-five participants performed Visual Dot-Probe and Pleasantness Rating Tasks containing SNS-related and matched control images during eye movements were recorded, providing a direct measure of attention. Participants were assessed on their levels of SNS Internet use (ranging from problematic to non-problematic) and their levels of urges to be online (high vs. low).

Results

Problematic SNS users and, in particular, a subgroup expressing higher levels of urges to be online showed an attentional bias for SNS-related images compared to control images.

Conclusion

These results suggest that attentional bias is a common mechanism associated with problematic Internet use as well as other addictive disorders.
A magyarországi emlő- és méhnyakszűrés retrospektív vizsgálatának jellemzői a halálozási és megbetegedési adatok tükrében
Authors: Sárváry Attila , Bálint Pál Csaba , Gyulai Anikó , Kósa Zsigmond
Published: December 2019

Abstract:

Introduction: The organized breast and cervical screening programs were implemented in the framework of public health program in Hungary in order to reduce breast cancer mortality by 30% and cervical cancer mortality by 60% in given age groups within 10 years by 2012. Aim: The aim of our study was to conduct a retrospective analysis of mortality and morbidity data and to evaluate the effectiveness of the implemented screening programs. Method: Descriptive statistical analysis was performed by age-standardized mortality and morbidity data between 1980 and 2015 with special regard to the period of 2002–2012. Results: Breast cancer mortality of women aged 45–64 reduced by 28.3%, the incidence reduced by 23.6% and the incidence of in situ carcinoma increased by 242% between 2002 and 2012. Cervical cancer mortality of women aged 25–64 years reduced by 25.5%, the incidence reduced by 21.2%, and the incidence of in situ carcinoma increased by 13.3% during 2002–2012. Conclusion: Although both breast cancer and cervical cancer mortality substantially decreased in Hungary, the decrease in cervical cancer did not reach the target value. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(49): 1948–1956.
EXTENDING THE SHELF LIFE OF GRAPE BY COMBINING THE CA-ALGINATE FILM AND ESSENTIAL OIL
Authors: Quyen Nguyen Thi Truc , Thao Le Thi Thu , Thao Tran Thi Thu , Quyen Cu Thi Ngoc , Kim Thuy Dang Thi , Dong Lieu My
Published: December 2019

The purpose
Znaczenie kursu walutowego i ryzyka kursowego dla eksporterów wyrobów przemysłu przetwórczego w świetle badań ankietowych IBRKK
Authors: Marczewski Krzysztof
Published: December 2019

Objective: To conduct an analysis of the determinants of the impact of the exchange rate level and its volatility on the exporter’s decisions regarding the size of exports and scale and forms of their hedging against exchange rate risk.Research Design & Methods: The analysis is based on the results of surveys of Polish exporters from the manufacturing industry carried out at the Institute of Market, Consumption and Business Cycles Research in 2007–2016. These results are considered in the context of theoretical findings from a simple microeconomic optimization model.Findings: The analysis of survey results shows that almost half of Polish exporters remain sensitive to exchange rate movements, while not, at the same time, hedging their foreign currency exposure either on the forward market or by means of natural hedging. The other half of exporters protect themselves mainly with natural methods. Due to the observed heterogeneity of the exporters population, econometric studies generally do not show exchange rate fluctuations to have a significant effect on exports.Implications / Recommendations: The low demand for hedging is related both to the structural features of enterprises (small-sized firms or firms with a low share of export in sales), but also to the relatively high export profitability experienced by most firms in recent years. Among  companies who hedge, a significant shore use various forms of contractual natural hedging, exploiting for this purpose, as a hedging shield, import inputs, settlements of exports in PLN or payments for domestic purchases of materials settled in a foreign currency.Contribution: Referring to results of multi-year surveys, the article shows the complexity of the determinants impacting the exchange rate and its volatility on reactions of Polish exporters of manufacturing goods.
Język publikacji naukowych na temat wpływu robotyzacji na pracę
Authors: Zbozień Monika
Published: December 2019

Objective: The aim of this paper is to verify the language used in publications on the impact of robotisation on labour.Research Design & Methods: The analysis covered ten articles on the impact of robots on labour published between 2015–2018. The focus is on the most frequently used words.Findings: The most frequently discussed challenges concern income distribution and income polarisation. The industry most exposed to the impact of robots is production, routine work, physical work and professions performed by less-educated people.Implications / Recommendations: The results suggest that income distribution and income polarisation are the biggest challenges related to the impact of robotisation on labour.Contribution: The article identifies current and potential future directions in research related to the impact of robotisation on labour.
Calcutta Port: India’s first port facility nears 150 years of operation
Authors: Gardner Ron M J , Sanyal Tapobrata , Gangopadhyay Anasua , Dey Ayanangshu
Published: December 2019

Calcutta Port Commissioners was established in 1870 as the very first port authority in India by formalising the operational framework of Calcutta’s various riverine port facilities on the River Hooghly. Since the advent of European traders in eastern India, it served as a gateway for world trade with the north and north-east of India. The port’s development initially provided only anchorage facilities, later transformed into riverside jetty operations and finally into impounded dock systems (at Kidderpore and Netaji Subhas Docks). Due to its proximity to the Bay of Bengal, the diurnal and nocturnal tides, flowing up to and well beyond Calcutta, caused significant water level variation and high currents, which made riverside port operations difficult. The river’s many bends and bars had caused ship manoeuvring up the river difficult. To handle progressively increasing ship sizes (in length, beam and draft) and handling of bulk and differently packaged cargo, the port had to manage both river characteristics and plan port facilities of changing character and even move downstream to create, among different facilities, an impounded dock at Haldia. Calcutta Port’s establishment, development and operational history is a particular case study of a riverine port.
Fracture of fibre-reinforced cementitious composites after exposure to elevated temperatures
Authors: Mazloom Moosa , Mirzamohammadi Sajjad
Published: December 2019

The effects of aramid, glass, basalt and polypropylene (PP) fibres in a fibre-reinforced cementitious composite (FRCC) were examined. Specifically, this work investigated the effects of the fibres on the compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, flexural strength and fracture behaviour of the FRCC after exposure to normal and elevated temperatures. Relationships for the compressive, splitting tensile and flexural strengths of the FRCC were developed based on response surface methodology. The microstructures of samples at various temperatures were explored using scanning electron microscopy. The experimental results showed that the fracture energies of the mixtures were related to both temperature and fibre type. The most detrimental effects of high temperatures were on the fracture energy, which diminished by about 35% and 69% on average at 100°C and 300°C, respectively. The samples reinforced with PP fibres exhibited the maximum fracture energy at 20°C. In other words, the energy absorption of the PP fibres was far more than that of the other fibre types investigated. Finally, it was found that use of fibres with higher melting points did not improve the fracture energy of the specimens after exposure to elevated temperatures.