bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Promoting Patient and Family Engagement by Implementing Therapeutic Music during Hospitalization
Authors: Kleinpell Ruth , Westhoff Lynn , Ochoa Lauren M , Maguigan Kelly , Larson Angela
Published: November 2020

It is well recognized that music can have an impact on health.  Studies targeting oncology, palliative care, hospice, and post cardiac surgery patients have demonstrated beneficial effects of music on heart rate, blood pressure, oxygen saturation, cortisol, pain, and anxiety levels. However, despite the well-known effects, therapeutic music is rarely observed in routine daily practice in the hospital setting. As part of a national collaborative targeting patient and family engagement in the intensive care unit (ICU), 63 teams implemented initiatives including open visitation, integrating families on rounds, establishing a patient and family advisory committee, using patient and family diaries, and music in the ICU, among others. Results from the ICU music initiative demonstrated that family members felt that music in the ICU was helpful, gave them more confidence in the healthcare team, impacted care of patients in the ICU, and helped ease their worry for their family member. Clinicians reported the following findings: that communication with family members improved since having music in the ICU, that patient care had improved, and that music had been beneficial for patients, families and ICU staff.  This article reviews strategies for implementing therapeutic music during hospitalization, highlighting lessons learned from the national collaborative.  Keywords: patient and family engagement, therapeutic music, patient and family centered care, music in the ICUmultilingual abstract | mmd.iammonline.com
Environmental Music Therapy (EMT): Music’s Contribution to Changing Hospital Atmospheres and Perceptions of Environments
Authors: Rossetti Andrew
Published: November 2020

AbstractThere are a myriad of sensory elements that contribute to the hospital sensory experience.Environmental Music Therapy is a human-centered, trauma informed strategy that encompasses a process using the metaphoric and associative properties of live music that seeks to modulate patients’ and staff’s perception of the hospital milieu as hostile. While there have been a few studies that have measured EMT’s actual impact quantifiably [1-5], this is the first article to outline the steps and provide orientation, theoretical grounding, and training guidelines for its actual implementation. It is hoped that EMT can be instituted in hospital ICUs as a viable, accessible practice for music therapists whereby its institution will address the sound environment, and perhaps most particularly in those ICUs that are extremely noisy or eerily quiet. Keywords:  Environmental Music Therapy, soundscape, soundtrack, ICU, milieu perception
Preventing music performance anxiety (MPA): Music students judge combined Depth Relaxation Music Therapy (DRMT) and silence to be an effective methodology
Authors: Pfeifer Eric , Stolterfoth Christine , Spahn Claudia , Schmidt Hans Ulrich , Timmermann Tonius , Wittmann Marc
Published: November 2020

This article presents the results of a study which focused on the application of combined Hypnomusictherapy (HMT)/Depth Relaxation Music Therapy (DRMT) and silence in preventing music performance anxiety (MPA) in music students. Participants (n=12) were divided into two groups. Each group received either 16 minutes of HMT/DRMT followed by 6:30 minutes of silence or a 16-minute seminar consisting of a moderated group discussion on silence followed by 6:30 minutes of silence. Each of the two groups experienced the alternative condition (within-subject design) with one week in between. Focus groups were held for data gathering after each session. Qualitative content analysis according to Mayring [1,2] was applied to analyze the data. Silence following DRMT/HMT was perceived as more relaxing and longer lasting than silence following the seminar. Participants reported that their distracting or depressing thoughts decreased and their auditive perception of silence changed during the combined silence and DRMT/HMT. The results indicate that the procedure can help prevent MPA.
Rhythmic Auditory Stimulation in Health Care
Authors: Le Roux Frances Hendriëhetta
Published: November 2020

One of the primary goals of rehabilitation is to restore mobility through gait training. Recent advances in technology and a culmination of medical research have revealed the role of auditory stimulation as an internalized time keeper for rhythmic patterned movements. The aim of this review was to investigate research on rhythmic auditory stimulation (RAS) in specific conditions in health care. Numerous studies using RAS has been shown to improve gait patterns in hemiplegic gait, parkinson’s disease, traumatic brain injuries, cerebral palsy and Huntington’s disease, but no changes in spinal cord injuries.
The Role of Culture in Music and Medicine: Considerations to Enhance Health
Authors: Baines Sue
Published: November 2020

The expression and understanding of culture is relative to time and social context as individuals and groups within cultures struggle to negotiate the substance and implication of specific cultures [1]. Music and medicine are culturally derived as is the intersection between music and medicine, which at times can be integrated disciplines while at other times they may fester as disconnected treatment modalities. Analyzing the role of culture in music and medicine can reveal unique possibilities that may serve to enhance health.Keywords: cultural competence, anti-oppresive practice, social justice, feminist, critical analysis, research, ethical, music therapy,health initiativesSpanishEl Rol de la Cultura en Musica y Medicina : Consideraciones para Mejorar la SaludLa expresión y la comprensión de la cultura es relativa al tiempo y al contexto social que, como individuos y grupos dentro de las mismas, luchan para negociar la esencia e implicaciones de culturas específicas (1). La música y la medicina derivan de la cultura y la intersección entre ambas puede a veces integrar estas disciplinas, mientras que en otras ocasiones pueden ser modalidades de tratamiento totalmente desconectadas. Analizar el rol de la cultural en la música y en la medicina puede revelar posibilidades únicas que pueden servir para mejorar la salud.GermanDie Rolle der Kultur in Musik und Medizin: Betrachtungen zur Verbesserung von GesundheitAusdruck und Verständnis von Kultur ist bedingt durch die Zeit und den sozialen Kontext,  in dem Individuen und Gruppen innerhalb einer Kultur damit kämpfen,  Inhalt und Begleiterscheinungen bestimmter Kulturen zu überwinden. (1) Musik und Medizin sind, wie die Schnittstelle zwischen Musik und Medizin, kulturell abgeleitet; sie können manchmal integrierte Disziplinen sein, während sie zu anderen Zeiten als unvereinbare Behandlungsmodalitäten verwesen. Die Analyse der Rolle von Kultur in Musik und Medizin kann einzigartige Möglichkeiten zutage bringen, die dazu dienen, die Gesundheit zu verbessern.ItalianIl ruolo della Cultura nella Musica e nella MedicinaL’espressione e la comprensione della cultura è relativa al tempo e al contesto  sociale per quanto individui e gruppi all’interno delle culture lottano per negoziare la sostanza e l’implicazione di culture specifiche.(1).C’è un intersezione tra musica e medicina. Musica e medicina sono culturalmente derivate. A volte musica e medicina possono essere discipline  integrate e a volte diventano due modalità di trattamento disconnessi. Analizzare il ruolo della cultura nella musica e nella medicina può rivelare possibilità uniche che potrebbero servire a migliorare la salute. Japanese音楽医療における文化の役割：健康促進に関する考察Sue Bainesスー・ベインズ文化的表現およびその理解は、時間や社会的コンテクストに関連している。すなわち、文化における個や集団が、特定の文化の本質や影響について折衷することは大変難しい (1)。音楽医療とは、文化と共に発生した分野であり、音楽と医療の横断領域といえる。これは、統合領域とみなされることもあれば、二つの全く異なる治療方法と捉えられることもある。音楽医療の文化的役割を分析することを通して、健康増進に寄与する独自の可能性を検証する。
Music therapy for infants with neonatal abstinence syndrome
Authors: Calabro Jacinta Louise
Published: November 2020

Abstract Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome (NAS) occurs after significant in-utero exposure to opiates, such as methadone and heroin.  Infants with NAS are often hospitalized for 4-6 weeks in a special care nursery, which is both expensive and detrimental to the parent-child bonding process. This study trialled the effectiveness of recorded sedative music (RSM) and multimodal stimulation (MMS) for infants with NAS.  The infants were recruited by the hospitals alcohol drug and pregnancy team (ADAPT) and randomly allocated into one of 4 groups. The study hypothesised that infants in the treatment groups would experience a shorter hospital stay, higher weight gain, more parent visits, more days until medication began and less medication than control infants.  The study also hypothesised that the treatment infants would have lower NAS scores compared to control infants. Due to a small and skewed sample the hypotheses were not supported.  There were no significant results for any measure, although slight trends were noted for reduced crying and regular respiration for infants in the treatment groups.  These findings support previous research into alternative treatment interventions for infants with NAS.  It is suggested that RSM and MMS interventions can still be potentially useful interventions with this population. KeywordsNeonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS), music therapy, multimodal stimulation, recorded sedative music.
Stage Two Recovery for Substance Use Disorders:
Authors: Borling Jim
Published: November 2020

AbstractWhile addiction, or substance use disorder, can be viewed as a chronic condition, it need not be life threatening. Through careful consideration of recovery processes that are inclusive of social, emotional, cognitive, and spiritual issues, the client can regain a fulfilling and meaningful life that involves a well-defined manner of living in sobriety. Music therapy can engage a client on levels beyond just the bio-physical levels of recovery. Addressing psycho-emotional and psycho-spiritual growth through music therapy engagement allows the client to grow along lines that are life-affirming. This attention to stage two recovery allows for the adoption of a value and ethic driven life for those with this disorder; a disorder that is currently identified primarily as a medical disease.
The Effects of a Program Combining Exercise and Music on Promoting Exercise Continuance and Psychological Factors in Older People
Authors: Sakai Hiromi , Kamide Naoto , Kohzuki Masahiro
Published: November 2020

Physical exercise can have a positive effect on physical and cognitive functions in older people. However, the elderly often face difficulties in maintaining exercise routines. Music is reported to effectively improve the subjective experience of physical exercise’s intensity, execution, and enhanced capacity related to a sense of accomplishment. We aimed to investigate whether adding music to physical exercise promoted exercise continuance compared with physical exercise alone. The participants were 74 community-dwelling older people who independently maintained activities of daily living. They were either assigned to a music group (MG) or non-music group (NMG). Exercise classes were held once a week for 3 months. The number of times participants participated in the exercise classes, and the number of times they performed exercises at home was assessed. In addition, each participant completed a set of questionnaires assessing exercise self-efficacy (SE) and quality of life before and immediately after the 3-month intervention. After the 3-month intervention, the MG had a significantly higher frequency of participation in the exercise classes and a significantly higher exercise SE score compared with the NMG. Our results show that the combination of physical exercise and music was beneficial for exercise continuance and exercise SE compared with physical exercise alone. Keywords: music, exercise, continuance, exercise self-efficacy, independent                    older people.
Feeling vibrations from a hearing and dual-sensory impaired perspective
Authors: Palmer Russ , Skille Olav , Lahtinen Riitta , Ojala Stina
Published: November 2020

Working with hearing and dual-sensory impaired clients presents challenges for music therapy professionals. Feeling and experiencing the vibrations produced by music help to understand what the concept of music is. Music and vibroacoustic therapies have overlapping effects. Music is for listening while vibroacoustic therapy is mainly similar to physiotherapy. Where vibroacoustic (VA) facilities are not available, some flexible methods could be adapted. One can use a music centre with two separate, moveable speakers positioned on a wooden floor to enhance music vibrations. In conjunction inflatable balloons can be manipulated by the clients. Balloons can be held towards the sound source and used to test the variations of the intensity and dynamics of the vibrations in the room. The choice of music styles plays an important role to amplify the vibrations and introduce music to the clients. Clients’ feedback was very positive indicating they were able to feel some musical tones from low, middle and high levels. These methods appeared to enhance musical vibrations and give some therapeutic experiences, i.e. relaxation and awareness of musical tones. This approach has been tested over 25 years and the individual feedback supports notions on how tones are felt through the body.
The Social Representations of Psychiatry and Mental Illness Examined Through the Analysis of Music as a Cultural Product
Authors: Pavez Fabian , Saura Erika , Pérez Gemma , Marset Pedro
Published: November 2020

Culture reflects and shapes the understanding of health and disease. We propose that the analysis of cultural products related to music, particularly song lyrics, can inform us about the social representations of psychiatry and mental illness. In order to support our proposal and engage in future research, we examine research regarding social representations of science, medicine, illness and psychiatry in music.
Digestive Surgery Services in COVID-19 Pandemic Period: Indonesian Society of Digestive Surgeons Position Statement
Authors: Adianto Nugroho  , Fransicus Arifin  , Perwira Widianto  , Agung Ari Wibowo  , A. Yuda Handaya  , Iwan Kristian  , M Iqbal Rivai  , Made Mulyawan  , Mohammad Niam  , Parish Budiono  , Mamiek Dwi Putro  , Warsinggih
Published: November 2020

Digestive surgery service including surgical management of gastrointestinal disease and digestive cancers are experiencing the impact of COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore it is necessary to formulate recommendation for digestives surgery service, as guidelines to engage in case-by-case assessment of particular patients with digestive diseases. We are aware that the knowledge and science of COVID-19 are still evolving, with new progression every day. This recommendation reflect actual condition and are subject for future adjustment in the future.
A Critical Study on Employability of MBA Graduates: With Special Reference to Management Institutes in Sangli City
Authors: Deshpande Neeta
Published: November 2020

Today, an MBA has become a basic prerequisite for employment. Bright young students are lured by the glamour and opportunities offered by a management institutes. Indian MBA courses have been expanding and growing significantly in recent years. Everything under the present education is made to appear rosy by the vested interest politicians and a few educationists. The students and their parents get confused as it is reflected from the MBA vacant seats. The Mushroomed MBA colleges, excess supply, poor quality, under qualified faculty, small amount of salary, lesser work experience, lack of industry experience, lack of institutions rapport with industries, lack of basic skills among students, etc are main reasons for reducing quality of MBA education. As a result, the MBA graduates are not seeking the jobs as per their expectations. On this background, researcher feels that, it is necessary to study about the feelings of MBA aspirants, their managerial skill enhancement, the cost incurred by them and actual benefits derived. In this present study both primary and secondary data has been used to assess student’s present status. Student’s educational achievements, various skill development and job opportunities and difficulties in their placements if any etc. is focused in the present study.
Banking the unbanked: Financial Inclusion and Role of banking
Authors: Senapati Partha Sarathi
Published: November 2020

One of the important challenges facing the economic planners of India is to achieve inclusive growth in the country. Governments both atCentre and state level have been implementing a number of schemes in social and economic fields towards achieving inclusive growth. One such tool is Pradhan Mantri Jan DhanYojana (PMJDY) scheme launched in 1914 with an objective of achieving financial inclusion to ensure access to financial services, namely Banking Savings & Deposit Accounts, Remittance, Credit, and Insuranceand Pension in an affordable manner, especially to the deprived section of the society. The scheme since from its inception has achieved milestones, creating an example of other countries to follow. This paper will evaluate and analysis the PMJDY in reference to its contribution towards financial inclusion in the country.It will analyze the progress of Jan Dhan Yojanain the country which is regarded as amajor tool for financial inclusion.
Building Redemptive Youth Community Through Social Media
Authors: Hay Ang Wie
Published: November 2020

Building Redemptive Youth Community Through Social Media
Ibadah Kaum Muda
Authors: Gunawan Linna
Published: November 2020

Ibadah Kaum Muda: Antara Nilai dan Bentuk
Atmospheric new particle formation characteristics in the Arctic as measured at Mount Zeppelin, Svalbard, from 2016 to 2018
Authors: Lee Haebum , Lee Kwangyul , Lunder Chris Rene , Krejci Radovan , Aas Wenche , Park Jiyeon , Park Ki-Tae , Lee Bang Yong , Yoon Young Jun , Park Kihong
Published: November 2020

Abstract. We conducted continuous measurements of nanoparticles down
to 3 nm size in the Arctic at Mount Zeppelin, Ny Ålesund, Svalbard, from
October 2016 to December 2018, providing a size distribution of nanoparticles (3–60 nm). A significant number of nanoparticles as small as 3 nm were often
observed during new particle formation (NPF), particularly in summer,
suggesting that these were likely produced near the site rather than being
transported from other regions after growth. The average NPF frequency per
year was 23 %, having the highest percentage in August (63 %). The
average formation rate (J) and growth rate (GR) for 3–7 nm particles were
0.04 cm−3 s−1 and 2.07 nm h−1, respectively. Although NPF
frequency in the Arctic was comparable to that in continental areas, the J
and GR were much lower. The number of nanoparticles increased more
frequently when air mass originated over the south and southwest ocean
regions; this pattern overlapped with regions having strong
chlorophyll a concentration and dimethyl sulfide (DMS) production
capacity (southwest ocean) and was also associated with increased NH3
and H2SO4 concentration, suggesting that marine biogenic sources
were responsible for gaseous precursors to NPF. Our results show that
previously developed NPF occurrence criteria (low loss rate and high cluster
growth rate favor NPF) are also applicable to NPF in the Arctic.
Applying a new integrated mass-flux adjustment filter in rapid
update cycling of convective-scale data assimilation for the
COSMO-model (v5.07)
Authors: Zeng Yuefei , de Lozar Alberto , Janjic Tijana , Seifert Axel
Published: November 2020

Abstract. A new integrated mass-flux adjustment filter that uses the analyzed integrated mass-flux divergence field to correct the analyzed wind field has been introduced in this work. The filter has been examined by twin experiments with rapid update cycling, using an idealized setup for convective-scale radar data assimilation. It is found that the new filter slightly reduce the accuracy of background and analysis states, however, it preserves the main structure of cold pools and primary mesocyclone properties of supercells. More importantly, it considerably diminishes spurious mass-flux divergence and successfully suppresses the increase of the surface pressure tendency in analysis. For the ensuing 3-h forecasts, the one that employes the filter becomes more skillful after one hour. These preliminary results show that the filter is a promising tool to improve the imbalance problem caused by the data assimilation.
How Should We Build Epistemic Community?
Authors: Gunn Hanna Kiri
Published: November 2020

One of the promises of the internet was its power to unite individual knowers with one another, democratizing knowledge and spurring our collective efforts toward truth. In what sense is our current epistemic life a collective effort? This article examines the idea of the epistemic community. I contrast epistemic community with a collection of individual epistemic agents aiming for truth. I propose that this latter conception of epistemic life permits neglecting our epistemic and moral duties. I argue that healthy epistemic community requires joint commitments to truth and epistemic trust, and where epistemic trust requires conditions of mutual epistemic respect.
Epidemiology of musculoskeletal complaints and diseases in Qatar: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Aldeen Sarakbi Housam , Alsaed Omar , Hammoudeh Mohamed , Lutf Abdo , Razzakh Poil Abdul , Ziyada Ayah , Al-emadi Samar
Published: November 2020

Background: Musculoskeletal (MSK) conditions are considered a significant public health problem on account of their high prevalence in communities worldwide and their pervasive impact. Knowledge of the epidemiology of MSK symptoms and diseases is lacking in Qatar. Obtaining this information will guide local health policymakers in the future strategic planning of the health budget.

Objective: To estimate the prevalence rate of MSK disorders in the Qatari population above 15 years of age using the Community Oriented Program for the Control of Rheumatic Disease (COPCORD) survey.

Methods: This cross-sectional study targeted 1000 Qatari participants, including 500 males and 500 females. A door-to-door survey was conducted using the Arabic version of the COPCORD questionnaire with the help of research assistants. Participants with positive surveys were asked to visit Hamad General Hospital Rheumatology outpatient clinics for clinical evaluation by a rheumatologist. When necessary, laboratory testing and X-rays were conducted to confirm any MSK diagnosis.

Results: A total of 1239 (males, 50.8%) Qatari individuals randomly selected from the different municipalities of Qatar completed the COPCORD survey. Among the participants, 563 (45.4%) screened positive for MSK pain. Knee pain (24.5%) and back pain (23.3%) were the most common sites of pain, and both conditions showed no gender predominance (p = 0.073 and 0.108, respectively). Shoulder, wrist, hand, hip, and neck pain were significantly predominant in females (p < 0.001 for all). A total of 237 MSK disorders were diagnosed in 196 (15.8%) participants, including 181 degenerative joint diseases, 52 soft-tissue rheumatism conditions, and 4 autoimmune inflammatory disorders. Among degenerative joint diseases, knee osteoarthritis (6.4%) was the most common. Among soft-tissue rheumatic conditions, muscular lower back pain (1.9%), myofascial neck pain (0.64%), generalized body pain (0.32%), and shoulder tendinitis (0.7%) were the most common diseases. The autoimmune inflammatory disorders identified included rheumatoid arthritis (n = 2), connective tissue disease (n = 1), and inflammatory bowel disease-associated arthritis (n = 1).

Conclusion: The overall prevalence rate of MSK disorders in this small cross-sectional cohort of Qatari individuals was 15.8%. Knee pain (24.5%) and knee osteoarthritis (6.4%) were the most common MSK complaints and diagnosis in the studied Qatari population. This study guides future efforts directed toward the prevention and management of MSK diseases. Further studies with a larger sample size are needed to verify the findings.
Co-inoculation of Bradyrhizobium japonicum and Azospirillum brasilense on the physiological quality of soybean seeds
Authors:   Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Libório Paloma Helena da Silva , Bárbaro-Torneli Ivana Marino ,   Agência Paulista de Tecnologia dos Agronegócios, Nogueira Marco Antonio ,   Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Unêda-Trevisoli Sandra Helena ,   Universidade Estadual Paulista
Published: November 2020

The success of the soybean crop depends on the physiological quality of seeds, which can be favored by beneficial microorganisms, however, it may be impaired by unfavorable environmental conditions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of co-inoculation with Bradyrhizobium japonicum and Azospirillum brasilense on the physiological quality of soybean seeds obtained in the 2017/2018 crop season, from a field trial involving 23 cultivars submitted to co-inoculation (in-furrow) or without coinoculation. Plants were assessed for nodulation at R1 and, after harvest at R8, seeds were assessed for concentration of proteins, mass of thousand seeds, and seed physiological quality [(Germination, emergence of seedlings in sand, and Emergence Speed Index (ESI)]. In the average of cultivars, the number of nodules per plant increased from 36.0 in the control to 44.4 nodules with co-inoculation. Increases in the concentration of proteins and in the mass of thousand seeds due to co-inoculation were 5.6% and 34.7%, respectively. Seeds originated from co-inoculated plants had higher germination rate at the first (50% vs. 45.3%) and at the final (87% vs. 79.8%) countings, in addition to higher rate of seedlings emergence in sand box (83.3% vs. 80%), and higher ESI (18.5 vs. 17.4). The benefits of coinoculation were observed in 17 of 23 cultivars (74%) for at least two of the seven assessed variables. Considering only the minimal germination of 80%, the seeds originated from 10 non-inoculated cultivars could not be used, whereas for the co-inoculated plants this number fell to four.
Response of chickpea to foliar supply of Hoagland’s solution under rain-fed condition
Authors:   College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Javaid Muhammad Mansoor , Waheed Hasnain ,   College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Nazami Nadeem ,   College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Ashraf Muhammad ,   University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Li Feng-Min ,   Lanzhou University, Tanveer Asif ,   University of Agriculture
Published: November 2020

Under rain-fed conditions, foliar application of nutrients is an efficient tool to eliminate the adverse effects of nutrients shortage and helpful to catch the maximum yield of any crop. Field experiments were executed to evaluate the effect of foliar spray of different strengths and application times of Hoagland’s solution on growth and yield characteristics of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) under rain-fed conditions. The treatments consisted of distilled water (control), 25, 50, and 75% strength of Hoagland’s solution sprayed at 7, 14, and 21 days after crop emergence (DACE) on two chickpea cultivars C-44 and CM-72. In terms of growth and yield, CM-72 showed superiority over C-44. The 75% strength of Hoagland’s solution showed an improvement of 32.9, 37.9, 35.3, 13.5, and 35% in dry weight, plant height, 100- seed weight, seed yield, and biological yield, respectively when sprayed at 21 DACE than distilled water. However, the lower strength (25%) of Hoagland’s solution produced similar results to distilled water. It is recommended that under rain-fed conditions chickpea cultivar CM-72 should be cultivated with a foliar supply of 75% strength of Hoagland’s solution at 21 DACE to obtain the maximum growth and yield.
Rice and rice bran from different cultivars: physicochemical, spectroscopic, and thermal analysis characterization
Authors:   Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Kalschne Daneysa Lahis , Silva-Buzanello Rosana Aparecida da ,   Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Byler Ana Paula Iglikowski ,   Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Scremin Fernando Reinoldo ,   Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Magalhães Junior Ariano Martins de ,   Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Canan Cristiane ,   Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná
Published: November 2020

Different rice cultivars have been developed in order to obtain grains with optimal cultivation and compositional characteristics, which affect their potential applications. Therefore, the characterization of these different rice cultivars is required. In the present study, white rice and rice bran from the cultivars BRS AG, BRS Pampa, and BRS 358 provided by EMBRAPA were characterized by physicochemical means, infrared spectroscopy (FTIR-ATR), and thermal analyses. The moisture, lipid, and ash contents did not differ among the white rice cultivars. The cultivar BRS Pampa exhibited the highest protein and lowest total carbohydrate contents. Both BRS Pampa and BRS 358 showed a higher phytic acid content than BRS AG. The highest total carbohydrate content was observed in BRS AG white rice samples, which confirmed its suitability for use in ethanol production. Among the rice bran samples, BRS 358 demonstrated the highest contents of lipid, protein, and phytic acid, and the lowest total carbohydrate content. FTIR-ATR and thermal analyses were suitable for correlating the physicochemical properties of white rice and rice bran with the molecular composition in the respective cultivars studied. Both white rice and rice bran exhibited a thermal degradation temperature at 300 °C. Lipids, protein, ash and phytic acid were considerably higher in rice bran than white rice in all cultivars studied, which demonstrates the importance of the use of this by-product.
Some Plants Showing Antagonism to Five Plant Pathogenic Fungi
Authors: Ferreira M. E. N. , Pinto C. F. , Sena R. R. de , Neto J. G. de Mendoça , Lobo C. R. , Chagas L. E. , Silva D. L. da , Santos E. M. dos , Santos F. H. C. , Nakamura F. A. M. , Marques Eder
Published: November 2020

Fungi are among the main agents of plant diseases, being responsible for major losses in agriculture. The control of these microorganisms carried out using chemical compounds and numerous cases of resistance have already been observed, which makes it necessary to search for alternative methods of management of these pathogens. Therefore, the aim of this study, to evaluate the antifungal potential in plants. Twenty-four (24) plant extracts were tested for their antifungal potential against five plant pathogenic fungi: Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Ss), Stromatinia cepivora (Sc), Fusarium oxysporum (Fox), Colletotrichum gloesporioides (Cg) and Verticillium dahlia (Vd). For the evaluation of the fungicidal potential, plant extracts were prepared by liquefying the plants in distilled water. The extracts were incorporated into PDA (Potato-Dextrose-Agar) culture medium to a final concentration of 35% and autoclaved. Then, PDA discs colonized by the aforementioned fungi were added to the center of each plate with the respective treatments (plant extracts). When all control treatments (PDA medium without plant extract) had colonized the entire Petri dish, the diameters of the fungal colonies were measured to calculate the Mycelial Growth Inhibition Index (MGI). Tests showed that all these plant extracts have some antifungal activity, ranging from 0 to 100% inhibition. In general, extracts of basil, lavender, guaco, rue, toxic cassava and black plum were the ones that stood out, with MGIs above 50%. New studies are being conducted to evaluate the activity of plant extracts without autoclaving, inhibition of sclerotia formation, to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration, as well as other parts of plants like roots and seeds, mixtures of plant extracts and in vivo antagonism tests.
Ameliorative Effect of Bacillus sp. MN-54 and Organic Amendments Combination on Maize Plants Growth and Physiology Under Chromium Toxicity
Authors: Abubakar Muhammad , Naveed Muhammad , Ahmad Zulfiqar , Cheema Sardar Alam , Khan Ali Sultan , Park Ha Young , Kwon Chan Ho
Published: November 2020

Inoculation of bacteria increase the growth of maize by facilitating the nutrients uptake and improving the immunity of plants and ability against pathogens, harmful substances such as heavy metals and other diseases. Likewise, organic amendments also increase the growth of plants by providing ample amount of readily available nutrients and improving soil physical conditions and ameliorating heavy metals toxicity. In this study, a pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the interactive effect of bacteria and organic amendments on Cr uptake and growth of maize irrigated with tannery effluent. Biochar and processed animal manure were applied at the rate of 1% (w/w). The experiment was conducted as Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three replications. During the experiment various growth, physiological and biochemical parameters were measured by using standard procedures. Combination of Bacillus sp. MN-54 and low pH animal manure increased the plant height by 72%, chlorophyll content by 56%, water use efficiency by 68%, electrolyte leakage decreased by 51%, transpiration rate increased by 45%, RWC 57%, stomatal conductance 62%, photosynthetic rate 57% whereas Cr decreased the shoot growth by 45% over their control treatment. Overall the bacterial species evaluated in this study along with biochar and animal manure imparted heavy metal tolerance to maize plants evidenced by improved growth and physiology.
Welfare Employment and Its Impact on the Agricultural Sector Workforce in Trinidad, West Indies
Authors: Ramdwar Marcus N. A. , Ganpat Wayne , Solomon Leevun A. R.
Published: November 2020

The agricultural sector in Trinidad and Tobago is characterized by a labor shortage. A qualitative research design was used to investigate the impact of a national welfare employment program, on the agriculture labor sector. The study recruited n = 19 Community-Based Environmental Protection and Enhancement Program (CEPEP) employees, n = 10 farmers and n = 7 agricultural professionals for in-depth interviews and focus group sessions. A review was conducted of newspaper articles and national budget statements for content related to CEPEP and agriculture. A thematic analysis was conducted to establish themes from the data gathered from the participants and from the media review. The themes emerged were “CEPEP’s benefits to agriculture”, “Labor shortages in Agriculture”, “Convenience Employment” and “Challenges to CEPEP in Agriculture”. The study concludes that welfare employment can be incorporated into the development agenda for agriculture in Trinidad and Tobago once the issues of capacity building, retooling and mentorship, wage adjustments are factored into a structured program.
Lp-Adaptive Estimation Under Partially Linear Constraint in Regression Model
Authors: Florent Kouakou Kouame , Evrard Yode Armel Fabrice
Published: November 2020

We study the problem of multivariate estimation in the nonparametric regression model with random design. We assume that the regression function to be estimated possesses partially linear structure, where parametric and nonparametric components are both unknown. Based on Goldenshulger and Lepski methodology, we propose estimation procedure that adapts to the smoothness of the nonparametric component, by selecting from a family of specific kernel estimators. We establish a global oracle inequality (under the Lp-norm, 1≤p＜1) and examine its performance over the anisotropic H¨older space.
Do Energy Efficient Firms Have Better Access to Finance?
Authors: Brutscher Philipp-Bastian , Ravillard Pauline , Semieniuk Gregor
Published: November 2020

Improving energy efficiency quickly is key to mitigating climate change and requires improvements implemented in firms. As these require upfront investments, good access to external finance is important. Theory suggests that information asymmetries may prevent lenders from including energy efficiency into their lending assessment, even though higher energy efficiency increases firm cost-com-petitiveness and its collateral value. Empirically, little is known about the impact of energy efficiency on access to external finance. For the first time, we examine empirically the effect of a firm’s higher energy efficiency on their ability to obtain loans in European Union countries by exploiting a unique firm-level dataset. We find that energy efficiency has no effect on the ability of a firm to obtain external financing compared to other indicators on the financial or operational health of the firm. The results reveal an unexploited potential for energy efficiency policy to signal when firms are energy efficient.
Pro-cycling’s doping pentiti
Authors: Moerland Roland , Soana Giulio
Published: November 2020

Pro-cycling’s doping pentiti. Masters of spin or silence breakers?

Throughout the last decade several cyclists have published memoirs in which they account for their doping use. In previous literature such autobiographical accounts have been characterized as attempts of fallen sports stars to sanitize their spoiled public image. In contrast, the analysis in this article will show that the accounts are of relevance when it comes to understanding the problem of doping in professional cycling. Their accounts break the omertà regarding doping, providing insights about the motivation and opportunity structures behind doping and how such structures are endemic to the system of professional cycling.
Un cronotop literar, drumul
Authors:   Editura Universitara, Trache Elena
Published: November 2020

Lucrarea de fata constituie cercetarea consacrata cronotopului drumului in literatura romana. Drumul nu reprezinta doar o categorie spatiala, ci si un concept mitico-literar consfintit de operele literare. Perspectiva de investigatie opereaza cu drumul ca organism spatial si temporal, valorificand zonele lui naratologice.
Sex, alcool, marijuana si depresie in randul tinerilor din Romania. Studiu national cu participarea a peste 10.000 de tineri si 1.200 de parinti
Authors:   Editura Universitara, Copaceanu Mihai
Published: November 2020

Cartea aceasta, ne prezinta pentru prima data rezultatele unei cercetari ample de doctorat, Starea de sanatate si consumul de substante în randul tinerilor din Romania, desfasurata pe o perioada de patru ani (2015-2019) sub coordonarea profesorului Constantin Balaceanu-Stolnici în cadrul Institutului de Antropologie „Francisc Rainer” al Academiei Romane, cercetare sustinuta public în data de 4 septembrie 2019. Dupa cunostintele mele este cea mai mare cercetare efectuata vreodata în Romania care analizeaza aspect legate de consumul de substante în randul tinerilor. De fapt cred ca este singura cercetare doctorala, cel putin în domeniul stiintelor socio-medicale, care a cuprins peste 10.000 de participanti.Autorul
Inocentii
Authors:   Editura Universitara, Neacsu Tino
Published: November 2020

Trei prieteni traverseaza impreuna aceleasi experiente: liceul, armata, facultatea, aventurile erotice, iubirile si casatoria... Fiecare experimenteaza in felul lui trecerea catre maturitate. O poveste tumultoasa a unor adolescenti porniti in cautarea sensului vietii. Trairi intense, aventuri, tradari sau dovezi de loialitate, iubiri si dezamagiri, un carusel de emotii te asteapta la fiecare capitol. Cine va fi primul care isi gaseste drumul? Cine va renunta? Vor ramane alaturi in ciuda pierderii inocentei, odata deveniti adulti? Miza creste, la fel si tensiunea, iar spre final timpul pare sa alerge, toata povestea se accelereaza, iar eroii nostri trebuie sa ia niste decizii! Descopera alaturi de ei provocarile pe care ti le putea oferi viata de zi cu zi intr-o Romanie a sfarsitului anilor '80.
Dinamica relatiei mama-copil de la sarcina la copilaria timpurie
Authors:   Editura Universitara, Paica Corina-Ioana
Published: November 2020

Lucrarea de fata reprezinta un ansamblu de studii longitudinale care vizeaza aspecte ale fundamentarii teoretice din domeniul psihologiei prenatale si postnatale si studii actuale cu privire la problematica dinamicii relatiei dintre mama si copil, incepand din etapa prenatala si pana in copilaria timpurie. In prezent, exista un interes deosebit pentru analiza interactiunilor mama-copil ca precursor al dezvoltarii emotionale si comportamentale sanatoase a fiintei umane. In acest sens au aparut domenii noi, precum psihologia prenatala sau maternologia interesate de aspecte referitoare la relatia dintre mama si copil inca din perioada fetala.
Leacuri pentru frica de necunoscut
Authors:   Editura Universitara, Farca Speranta
Published: November 2020

Incercand sa ne lecuim frica de necunoscut, ne structuram gandirea simbolica si viata in comunitate. Ne formam capacitatea de control, devenim curajosi pentru a cuceri si curiosi pentru a cunoaste. Frica ne poate face sclavi, dar intelegerea ei ne ofera oportunitatea de a naconsolida relatiile sociale si de a ne cultiva bucuria de a cunoaste. Cand mecanismele spaimei ne devin inteligibile, ne putem elibera de fricile nenecesare. Leacurile pentru frica ajung sa ne reprezinte si sa faca parte din noi. Analizandu-le, reusim sa ne intelegem mai bine conditia si sa ne intrebam: • De ce avem nevoie de comunitate? • Ce este si cum se formeaza empatia? • Care este relatia dintre adaptare si absurditatea regulilor sociale? • Ce presupune creativitatea? • Ce este manipularea si de ce o suportam? • Care este rolul educatorilor si al scolii? • Ce semnificatie are prostia? • De ce suntem curajosi si curiosi? • De unde ne vin nevoia de control si dorinta de a cunoaste?
Gesundheits- und Sozialpolitik in Zeiten von Covid-19
Authors: Carigiet Erwin
Published: November 2020

Eine Pandemie mehr ist als ein rein medizinisches Problem: Die Menschen beobachten bei Covid-19 - zum ersten Mal in der Geschichte - in Echtzeit, mit einem Stakkato der Berichterstattung, wie sich eine Viruspandemie entwickelt. Sie hoffen auf eine ebenso rasche Bekämpfung des Virus und bangen gleichzeitig um die eigene Existenz, gesundheitlich und wirtschaftlich. Politik, Wirtschaft und Wissenschaft versuchen Antworten zu geben, auch wenn sie selber weder die gesundheitlichen noch die wirtschaftlichen Auswirkungen der Pandemie und der zur Bekämpfung getroffenen Maßnahmen vollständig einschätzen können. Die Kommunikation spielt eine entscheidende Rolle: Es muss klar zwischen Wissen, Halbwissen und Nichtwissen unterschieden werden. Darüber hinaus kommt der sozialen Sicherheit und der Daseinsvorsorge bei der Bewältigung einer Pandemie eine hohe Bedeutung zu. Sie fangen Existenzängste auf, sichern die Existenz und tragen dazu bei, dass soziale Ungleichheiten durch die Pandemie nicht verstärkt werden.
Zu fördernden und hemmenden Faktoren bei der Neugründung von Energiegenossenschaften und ihren Transformationspotenzialen im Kontext einer nachhaltigen und dezentralen Energieversorgung
Authors: Moldenhauer Joschka , Blome-Drees Johannes
Published: November 2020

In diesem Beitrag werden die Einschätzungen von Gründer*innen zum Neugründungsprozess von Energiegenossenschaften aus dem Jahr 2011 analysiert und in den Kontext aktueller Forschung gesetzt. Hemmende und fördernde Faktoren werden dabei den vier Dimensionen von Unternehmensgründungen, der Gründungsperson, dem Gründungsumfeld, dem Gründungsunternehmen und dem Gründungsprozess zugeordnet. Die Attraktivität von Energiegenossenschaften wird mit ihren Transformationspotenzialen im Kontext einer nachhaltigen und dezentralen Energieversorgung erklärt. Als größtes Hemmnis für Neugründung stellen sich die Novellen des Erneuerbare-Energien-Gesetzes (EEG) seit 2012 heraus. Damit Energiegenossenschaften zukunftsfähig bleiben, scheinen Anpassungen der rechtlichen Rahmenbedingungen und/oder Anpassungen der Geschäftsmodelle an die rechtlichen Rahmenbedingungen nötig.
Building a European Community: social service provision between inclusion and economic interests
Authors: Kraus Katinka
Published: November 2020

Inclusion and the associated provision of social services is a central fundamental right in the European Union. Social services of general interest are based on the principles of an inclusive welfare state enshrined in EU primary law. However, the European Commission tends to interpret these social services rather economically. This paper shows that the way in which these services are provided in the Member States is decisive for the categorization of an economic or non-economic activity by the European Commission. Whether social services are to be classified as being related to economic activities and, therefore, subject to the competition and internal market rules depends on their organization and structure.
The Credit System and Harmonisation of Higher Education in Ethiopia:
Authors: Adamu Abebaw Yirga
Published: November 2020

This article analyses the implementation of a credit system and its contributionto the harmonisation of higher education in Ethiopia. Harmonisationhas been used as a strategy to respond to the challenges of globalisationand internationalisation. A credit system is one of the tools to accomplishthis objective. Harmonised academic policy, modularised curricula, andthe introduction of the new credit system, the European Credit Accumulationand Transfer System are major initiatives that could contribute tothe harmonisation of higher education in the country. The article identifiesthe factors that hinder this effort. The lack of clear policy directives on theuse of the academic credit system negatively impacted implementation ofthe ECTS, calling for directives that clearly set out the details of a nationalacademic credit system which should apply across higher education institutions,both public and private, and programmes at all levels.
The Irrelevance of the Re-Configured Definition of Internationalisation to the Global South:
Authors: Teferra Damtew
Published: November 2020

This article argues that the definition of internationalisation as recast by deWit, Hunter, Howard, and Egron-Polak (2015), which embraced ‘intentionality’as its key component, is of no relevance to the reality of the GlobalSouth. It maintains that contemporary ontological manifestations of theterminology have been appreciably misrepresented, if not wholly distorted,mainly by a passionate, albeit sincere, desire to advance certain ‘good’intentions, while disregarding others, in the process creating a dissonancebetween epistemological reality and a paradigmatic trajectory. In his latestargument, de Wit maintained that the definition is “normative and descriptive”,but Teferra countered that it is neither normative nor descriptive butrather prescriptive and coercive. This article argues that this definitionrequires acceptance of an articulated ‘good’ intention as fundamental tointernationalisation. Intentions are as broad and dynamic as they are subtleand complex. Even ‘good’ intentions are subjective and are presumedworthy by a certain sector of society (scholarly or otherwise) for a certainperiod of time and to a certain extent. Thus, the definition of internationalisation,as it stands, does not concur with these basic tenets of intentions,rendering it somewhat irrelevant to most of the Global South, and quite anumber of instances in the Global North.