bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction with a deep eutectic solvent coupled with GC-MS for the determination of chiral carvone in herbaceous plants
Authors: Wu Yuluan , Liang Ming , Xian Yanping , Chen Rongqiao , Hu Junpeng , Dai Hang , Liu Chenghao , Hou Xiangchang
Published: February 2025

A schematic of the established method for the extraction and detection of l- and d-carvone in herbaceous plants.
An electrocatalytic mono-functionalization of alkenes towards alkenyl selenium sulfonates
Authors: Zhao Zhiheng , Yan Hongyan , Gu Lijun
Published: February 2025

In this study, a straightforward and environmentally benign electrochemical mono-functionalization of alkenes has been established for the synthesis of alkenyl selenium sulfonates using elemental selenium as the selenium source.
Palladium-catalyzed substrate-switchable C–H alkenylation and alkylation of benzoic acids using MBH alcohols
Authors: Bhattacharyya Hemanga , Saha Sharajit , Verma Kshitiz , Punniyamurthy Tharmalingam
Published: February 2025

A substrate-switchable, palladium-catalyzed carboxylate directed C–H functionalization of arenes has been achieved using MBH alcohols to furnish aryl acrylaldehydes and α-benzyl β-ketoesters.
A first-principles investigation of substrate oxidation effects on the catalytic activity of a Co single-atom supported on C2N for the oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Rao Yifei , Sheng Li , Zhou Yanan , Zhang Wenhua
Published: February 2025

In this work, the substrate oxidation effects on the catalytic activity of a C2N supported Co single-atom for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) were theoretically investigated.
Ferrocene derivatives and aniline copolymers with tunable magnetoresistance and dielectric properties
Authors: Ren Huiyan , Gu Hongbo
Published: February 2025

Magnetoresistance and dielectric properties are tuned by alternating the 1,1′-bis[[(4-aminophenyl)amino]carbon]ferrocene content in the main chain of ferrocene-polyaniline copolymers.
Indium(iii)–terpyridine complexes: synthesis, structures and remarkable antifungal and anticancer activities
Authors: Chen Xiao , Zhang Qinguo , Kaswer Ashley , Kim Hyunjeong , Ahmed Maisha , Neary Michelle C. , Cheng Shu-Yuan , Zhang Guoqi , Rauceo Jason M.
Published: February 2025

Bioactive indium(iii)–terpyridine complexes are synthesized and structurally characterized. These compounds demostrated antifungal activity against various Candida species, as well as antiproliferative activity against human breast cancer cells.
Amelioration of metabolic syndrome in high-fat diet-fed mice by total sesquiterpene lactones of chicory via modulation of intestinal flora and bile acid excretion
Authors: Huang Lushi , Zhang Zhiwei , Zhang Fengqi , Zhang Weichen , Meng Xiuhua , Jian Tunyu , Ding Xiaoqin , Chen Jian
Published: February 2025

Chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) is a vegetable with medicinal uses and contains many sesquiterpene lactone compounds which could serve as potential candidates for the prevention and therapeutic intervention of metabolic syndrome.
Chemoselectivity switch by mechanochemistry in the base-catalysed dione-acylation
Authors: Nijem Sally , Kaushansky Alexander , Pucovski Svetlana , Ivry Elisa , Colacino Evelina , Halasz Ivan , Diesendruck Charles E.
Published: February 2025

When conducted mechanochemically, the acylation of dimedone becomes chemoselective. A mechanistic experimental and theoretical study explains this selectivity.
Induction of enhanced stem-directed neutralizing antibodies by HA2-16 ferritin nanoparticles with H3 influenza virus boost
Authors: Wang Qingyu , Nie Jiaojiao , Liu Zejinxuan , Chang Yaotian , Wei Yangang , Yao Xin , Sun Lulu , Liu Xiaoxi , Liu Qicheng , Liang Xinyu , Zhang Xinran , Zhang Yong , Su Weiheng , Zhao Qi , Shan Yaming , Wang Yingwu , Cheng Xianbin , Shi Yuhua
Published: February 2025

HA2-16 ferritin nanoparticles induce stem-directed neutralizing antibodies by H3 influenza virus boost.
Large-sized and highly crystalline ceria nanorods with abundant Ce3+ species achieve efficient intracellular ROS scavenging
Authors: Vu Trung Hieu , An Ha-Rim , Nguyen Phuong Thy , Seo Jiwon , Kim Chang Yeon , Park Ji-In , Son Byoungchul , Kim Hyeran , Lee Hyun Uk , Kim Moon Il
Published: February 2025

Large-sized and highly crystalline ceria nanorods show exceptional antioxidant activities and effectively scavenge intracellular ROS without cell membrane penetration.
Degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride by near-infrared light-responsive 0D/3D GdF3:Yb3+,Er3+/MgIn2S4 upconversion photocatalysts
Authors: Xue Juanqin , Cao Zhaoyuan , Wu Guangdong , Song Haodi , Bi Qiang
Published: February 2025

Broadening the light-absorption range of photocatalysts is a long-standing challenge in photocatalysis.
Quasi-BIC-enhanced integrated sensing dielectric metasurfaces for molecular fingerprint retrieval and chiral detection
Authors: Wei Yuhang , Si Liming , Han Kunlin , Xu Haoyan , Bao Xiue , Zhu Weiren
Published: February 2025

Integrated sensing dielectric metasurfaces with quasi-BIC resonances enhance optical chirality, enabling surface-enhanced infrared absorption and circular dichroism sensing.
Non-invasive and rapid diagnosis of low-grade bladder cancer via SERSomes of urine
Authors: Lu Yao , Wang Jiayi , Bi Xinyuan , Qian Hongyang , Pan Jiahua , Ye Jian
Published: February 2025

SERSomes using SERS spectral sets can comprehensively profile urine metabolites, achieving accurate, rapid, non-invasive, low-cost diagnosis and stratification of low-grade bladder cancer.
Redox-responsive micellar nanoparticles using benzothiazole-disulfide terminated polymers: employing host–guest complexation for targeted delivery of curcumin
Authors: Kocak Salli , Demirkol Beyza , Kilic Boz Ruveyda , Sanyal Rana , Arslan Mehmet , Sanyal Amitav
Published: February 2025

A modular approach to install functional chain-end groups through a redox-responsive disulfide linkage is utilized to fabricate a targeted delivery system using self-assembly.
Preparation of phenyl-substituted open-cage silsesquioxane-pendant polysiloxanes and their thermal and optical properties
Authors: Kosaka Miku , Kanaori Kenji , Imoto Hiroaki , Naka Kensuke
Published: February 2025

Sol–gel reaction of phenyl-substituted corner-opening type POSS (CO-POSS) bearing tris(dimethoxysilyl)-groups provided optically transparent free-standing films.
A high phase transition temperature organic–inorganic Sn(iv)-based metal halide designed by applying amino positional isomerism to the cation
Authors: Xia Zhang-Tian , Chen Hui-Ping , Qi Jun-Chao , Peng Hang , Shen Xin , Bai Yong-Ju , Wang Zhen-Yu , Yang Tian-En , Liao Wei-Qiang
Published: February 2025

By applying amino positional isomerism to the lead-free Sn(iv)-based organic–inorganic metal halide [n-butylammonium]2SnCl6, we designed [sec-butylammonium]2SnCl6 with Tc as high as 430 K, which is a higher Tc than that of most lead-free OIMHs.
Enantioselective synthesis of isoxazolines bearing allenes by palladium-catalyzed carboetherification of β,γ-unsaturated ketoximes with propargylic acetates
Authors: Jin Feifei , Hu Cangzhu , Wu Shuaijie , Zhang Guodong , Han Ying , Yan Chao-Guo , Li Wenbo , Zhang Chaoshen , Wang Lei
Published: February 2025

Enantioselective synthesis of isoxazolines bearing allenes by palladium catalyzed carboetherification of alkenyl oximes with propargylic acetates. DFT calculations carried out to disclose the detailed mechanism and origins of the enantioselectivity.
AI molecular catalysis: where are we now?
Authors: Tan Zhenzhi , Yang Qi , Luo Sanzhong
Published: February 2025

Artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming molecular catalysis by addressing long-standing challenges in retrosynthetic design, catalyst design, reaction development, and autonomous experimentation.
Hierarchical nanoporous NiCoN nanoflowers with highly rough surface electrode material for high-performance asymmetric supercapacitors
Authors: Pallavolu Mohan Reddy , Muralee Gopi Chandu V. V. , Prabu Samikannu , Ullapu Punna Reddy , Jung Jae Hak , Joo Sang Woo , Ramesh R.
Published: February 2025

NiCoN nanoflowers, synthesized via a hydrothermal method, exhibit superior electrochemical performance as positive electrode material for asymmetric supercapacitors, offering high energy density, excellent rate capability, and cycling stability.
Enhanced recovery of rare earth elements from carbonatite ore by biological pretreatment
Authors: Bayarsaikhan Bayarbayasgalan , Amarsanaa Altangerel , Daramjav Purevjargal , Batchuluun Sukhbaatar , Damdindorj Lkhagvasuren , He Ni , Zhao Hongbo , Davaasambuu Sarangerel
Published: February 2025

Tmix bacterial pretreatment improved REE metal recovery by 1.40 times compared to direct acid leaching. Bacterial activity modifies the surface charge and mineral composition, thereby enhancing acid leaching performance.
A Mechanoresponsive Heterochiral Hydrogelator as a potential Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 Inhibitor : Unravelling its Anti-inflammatory Efficacy in vitro and invivo
Authors: DuttKonar Anita , Shivhare Vaibhav , Ahuja Rishabh , Gupta Arindam , Tiwari Priyanka , Khan Naureen , Ahirwar Surendra  Kumar , Mandloi Avinash Singh , Mishra Ankit , Singh Manju , Basu Anindya
Published: February 2025

Inflammations are innate and adaptive immune responses, that get instigated in reciprocation to infection. However, when allowed to continue unchecked, poses a formidable challenge in clinical settings. In search of...
Atomically dispersed copper(i) on tungstosilicic acid for catalytic protection against cisplatin-induced hearing loss
Authors: Lu Xiaochan , Chen Yin , Mo Yanmei , Zeng Qingdong , Cen Shaoqin , Zeng Li , Hu Hongyi , Li Ao , Gao Xia , Zhang Bin
Published: February 2025

Cu SAN attenuates cisplatin-induced ototoxicity by inhibiting cuproptosis via directly decreasing the production of ROS and inhibiting the expression of FDX1.
Very high frequency (∼100 MHz) plasma enhanced atomic layer deposition high-κ hafnium zirconium oxide capacitors near morphotropic phase boundary with low current density & high-κ for DRAM technology
Authors: Yang Ketong , Shin Hunbeom , Kim Seungyeob , Jung Taeseung , Jeon Sanghun
Published: February 2025

This study uses VHF (100 MHz) PE-ALD to make 4.5 nm HZO films with a record dielectric constant of 64.47 (up to 69.9 at 389 K), showing great potential for high-performance DRAM.
Fabrication of loss-less La3Si6N11:Ce3+ phosphor-in-glass color converters using oxygen-free ZIF-62 glass
Authors: Deng Taoli , Ding Zan , Zheng Shuang , Xie Rong-Jun
Published: February 2025

An oxygen-free sintering environment afforded by the organic–inorganic hybrid glass ZIF-62 is utilized for the design of a loss-less LSN-in-ZIF-62 glass converter.
Selenium-doped hematite (α-Fe2O3) hollow nanorods for highly sensitive and selective detection of trace NO2
Authors: Liang Tingting , Li Yan , Zhang Xu , Bao Hongwei , Li Fengnan , Liu Xueqian , Dai Zhengfei , Liu Hang
Published: February 2025

The Se-doping strategy optimizes the electronic structure of α-Fe2O3, thus enhancing the surface Lewis basicity. The Se–Fe2O3 based sensor demonstrates highly sensitive and selective NO2 sensing performance.
Correction: Efficient separation of oil–phenol mixtures and removal of neutral oil entrainment via an in situ deep eutectic method
Authors: Zhang Wanxiang , Zhao Yangchangqing , Wang Bingru , Lei Zhigang , Ren Shuhang , Hou Yucui , Wu Weize
Published: February 2025

Correction for ‘Efficient separation of oil–phenol mixtures and removal of neutral oil entrainment via an in situ deep eutectic method’ by Wanxiang Zhang et al., Green Chem., 2025, 27, 1145–1156, https://doi.org/10.1039/D4GC05756B.
A Mo-doped carbon dot nanozyme for enhanced phototherapy in vitro
Authors: Wang Wenlong , Sheng Xuan , Wang Yihan , Yu Mingjun , Shen Yue , Xia Youfu , Li Tiao , Cao Shuai , Zhang Mengjuan , Wang Wenjian , Yang Yongjian
Published: February 2025

Cancer is a leading cause of death globally, and traditional treatment methods often come with non-negligible toxic side effects in its treatment, threatening patients' quality of life.
Practical synthesis of thio-cotarnine analogues
Authors: Behera Pradyota Kumar , Pradhan Amit Kumar , Rout Laxmidhar
Published: February 2025

This account defines a hands-on synthesis of new thio-cotarnine analogues. The reaction time is very short and gram-scale reaction is accessible. The products are collected by simple filtration. This is a reagent-less sustainable organic synthesis.
Asymmetric synthesis of axially chiral N,N′-carbazolepyrrole via copper-catalyzed Friedel–Crafts reaction
Authors: Wang Xin-Ru , Zhang Yingying
Published: February 2025

Herein, we report a highly diastereo- and enantioselective copper-catalyzed asymmetric Friedel–Crafts reaction to synthesize axially chiral N,N′-carbazolepyrrole ring compounds.
Enhanced thermoelectric and mechanical properties of Cu1.8S1−xPx bulks mediated by mixed phase engineering
Authors: Yan Xi , Huang Qin-Yuan , Yang Tian-Yu , Yu Ding-Yi , Yin Hao , Wang Chong-Yu , Ge Zhen-Hua , Zhang Yi-Xin , Pan Hong-Jiang
Published: February 2025

An innovative chemical formula of Cu1.8S1−xPx was proposed to tune the Cu–to–S ratio while enhancing both thermoelectric and mechanical properties by mixed phase engineering.
Automatic multimode identification of complex industrial processes based on network community detection with manifold similarity
Authors: Sun Yan‐Ning , Qiao Hai‐Bo , Xu Hong‐Wei , Qin Wei , Gao Zeng‐Gui , Liu Li‐Lan
Published: February 2025

Complex industrial processes usually exhibit multimode characteristics, meaning that statistical features of process data, such as mean, variance, and correlation, vary across different modes. Extracting critical information from these distinct modes can significantly enhance the accuracy and robustness of data‐driven models in process monitoring, condition evaluation, and quality improvement. Consequently, the multimode identification of industrial data becomes a paramount concern in data‐driven modelling. However, existing methods for multimode identification require prior knowledge to predetermine the number of modes and struggle to describe the similarity between high‐dimensional samples effectively. To address this issue, this study introduces an automatic multimode identification method based on complex network community detection. In this approach, each data sample is considered as a node, and manifold similarity is calculated to construct the complex network model. The method leverages weighted geodesic distances to capture the data's manifold structure and potential density, enabling better distinction between high‐dimensional samples in different modes. The greedy search algorithm with modularity maximisation is employed to partition nodes into modes without manual selection of the number of modes. Furthermore, a node degree‐based indicator is developed for online mode monitoring. Experimental studies on two examples demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in uncovering multimode characteristics of complex industrial processes, highlighting its promising application potential.
Magnetic field and rotor impedance analysis of solid rotor induction motors using the multilayer analytical method
Authors: Xu Hao , Zhao Jinghong , Yan Sinian , Wang Hanming
Published: February 2025

This paper proposes a multilayer analytical model for calculating the magnetic field and equivalent circuit parameters of solid rotor induction motors (SRIM), and the B–H curve of rotor material is used to consider the influence of saturation effect of solid rotor. The equivalent circuit of SRIM based on surface impedance theory can fully consider the influence of rotor material. Then, the magnetic vector potential in the rotor is solved in the three‐dimensional electromagnetic field, and the rotor is segmented along the axial direction to obtain the end coefficient considering the axial non‐linear effect of the rotor. The air gap magnetic field distribution, rotor loss, rotor impedance and torque were analysed by finite element simulation, and the accuracy of the multilayer analytical model and end coefficient was verified. Compared with the finite element method, the analytical method proposed in this paper is time saving, resulting in that it is suitable for the optimised design. Finally, an experimental prototype is developed and tested, confirming the accuracy of both the finite element simulation and the analytical model.
Rapid system prototype‐based physical simulation platforms for power systems with high penetration of inverter‐based resources
Authors: Yao Wei , Ruan Yimin , Chen Yuying , Zhou Hongyu , Wen Jinyu , Zhou Meng , Zuo Wenping
Published: February 2025

The traditional power system dominated by synchronous generators is gradually evolving into a power system with high penetration of inverter‐based resources (IBRs). In this paper, the new characteristics that arise from the high penetration of IBRs in power systems are reviewed. In light of these characteristics, current simulation technologies are inadequate and new requirements for the simulation platforms have been proposed. In response, this paper introduces the rapid system prototype (RSP)‐based physical simulation platforms, which include the digital simulator, the rapid prototype controller, and the rapid object‐controlled prototype. RSP addresses the time‐consuming and labour‐intensive shortcomings of traditional simulation techniques and meets the rapid evolution needs of the power system with high penetration of IBRs. Compared with existing simulation platforms, RSP is a more suitable platform for the physical simulation of power systems with high penetration of IBRs. Using the modular multilevel converter‐based high‐voltage direct current as a case study, a novel physical simulation platform for power systems based on RSP is constructed. Experimental results demonstrate that the RSP concept and technology can establish an enterprise‐level simulation environment and engineering practice platform. Moreover, it can provide realistic and flexible simulations of various characteristics of power systems with high penetration of IBRs.
Experimental demonstrations of high‐accuracy 3D/2D indoor visible light positioning using imaging multiple‐input multiple‐output receivers and artificial neural networks
Authors: Apolo Juan. A. , Osahon Isaac. N. O. , Ortega Beatriz , Almenar Vicenç , Tang Jianming , Rajbhandari Sujan
Published: February 2025

This paper proposes and presents the first experimental demonstration of a high‐precision indoor 2D and 3D visible light positioning (VLP) system using an imaging multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) configuration with supervised artificial neural network. The proposed system utilises four distributed transmitters and receiver with four photodiodes and an imaging optics. The experiments are conducted in a typical indoor environment with transmitter separations of 300 mm and a link distance of 1400 mm. The experimental results show 2D and 3D positioning accuracies of 3.7 and 51 mm, respectively. A simulation model is also developed for the VLP system to validate the experimental results. Further optimisation of the VLP system in the simulation platform leads to improved 2D and 3D positioning accuracies of 2 and 14.7 mm, respectively. The proposed system can be seamlessly integrated with existing lighting infrastructures and is also compatible with the MIMO visible light communication system, indicating the potential for practical implementation in integrated communications and positioning applications.
Optimizing flow patterns and residence time in a two-strand steelmaking tundish via PIV and tracer-based flow detection
Authors: Mohammadi Armin , Nili-Ahmadabadi Mahdi , Mohammadi Sadaf , Joulaei Amir , Ha Man Yeong
Published: February 2025

The tundish plays a crucial role in the production of high-quality steel by removing impurities and preventing defects caused by inclusions during the continuous-casting process. Thus, one approach to enhancing the product quality is to increase the residence time of molten steel inside the tundish. In this study, a 1:6 scale water model was used to analyze the fluid flow and residence time in a tundish. KMnO4 was employed as an indicator to detect flow patterns and measure the influence of 23 cases comprising different dam and weir positions. Then, particle image velocimetry (PIV) was used to analyze the flow patterns and velocity fields of selected cases in detail. The effects of different configurations on the patterns, uniform velocity, and dead zones of the flow were assessed in an effort to improve the impurity removal performance. The results revealed that the diffuser arrangement of the weir and dam with a 15-degree angle at an optimal distance of 10 cm from the entrance exhibited the highest increase in residence time, achieving a 120% improvement compared to the case without the weir and dam. Furthermore, the PIV analysis demonstrated that placing the weir at an angle effectively distributed velocity momentum uniformly throughout the flow, which eliminated dead zones, and prolonged the residence time.
Research on deviation prediction of continuous annealing line based on PSO-RF
Authors: Jiang Meitao , Qie Haotang , Yang Tingsong , Yuan Tieheng , Sun Wenquan , Gao Ziming
Published: February 2025

In order to solve the problem of deviation in the continuous annealing unit of strip steel, the deviation section, deviation-sensitive process parameters, and deviation-sensitive incoming material parameters of the continuous annealing process were analyzed and judged from the perspectives of process unit characteristics, plate passing process characteristics, and continuous annealing incoming material characteristics. Based on the analysis results, an indicator set of deviation-sensitive parameters was established; Subsequently, based on the random forest (RF) algorithm and the unit’s historical production data, the RF continuous annealed strip deviation prediction model was established and compared with the same type of regression prediction algorithms to verify the accuracy level of the algorithm, and the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm was used to further optimize the RF model, which greatly improved the model’s prediction capability; Finally, combined with actual production, verify the accuracy of the model involved in this study for predicting the deviation of continuous annealing units. The results indicate that during the continuous annealing process of strip steel, the loop section and rapid thermal furnace (RTF) section are prone to deviation, and the sensitive factors for deviation mainly involve the basic parameters of the strip, the normalized first-order coefficient integral value of the plate shape, and the correction amount of the correction roll from CPC 6.0 to CPC 9.1; Through comparative analysis, the PSO-RF continuous annealing strip deviation prediction model can not only accurately predict the deviation of the loop section and RTF section, but also has higher prediction accuracy than similar algorithm models, making it more suitable for strip deviation analysis in continuous annealing units; Through field application testing, it was found that when the model was introduced into the continuous annealing production process in this study, the prediction hit rates of deviated steel coils in the entrance loop section and RTF section were 95.00% and 94.12%, respectively, and the accuracy of deviation quantity prediction were 94.65% and 93.84%, respectively.
« Un modèle unique dans un parc standardisé »
Authors: Dutheil Étienne
Published: February 2025

À l’automne dernier, Étienne Dutheil, directeur de la Division production nucléaire chez EDF, est revenu pour la Sfen sur la singularité de l’EPR de Flamanville 3, mis en service le 2 septembre 2024 et raccordé au réseau le 21 décembre 2024 : parvenir à s’intégrer comme nouveau réacteur destiné à demeurer unique dans un vaste parc nucléaire français standardisé.
L’EPROOG : le collectif au service des EPR
Authors: Le Gros Gaïc
Published: February 2025

Pour soutenir la performance industrielle des EPR partout à travers le monde, l’EPROOG, rassemble tous les propriétaires et exploitants de cette technologie afin qu’ils partagent leurs expériences.
Maternal and Neonatal Risk Factors Associated with Positive Toxicology Results
Authors: Pee Hannah , Hussein Karen , DeSalvio Gina , Kocherlakota Prabhakar
Published: February 2025

Background: The incidence of substance use disorder (SUD) during pregnancy continues to increase; however, the identification of SUD is challenging. The significance of individual risk factors and their association with toxicology is contentious.

Objective: To identify maternal and neonatal risk factors associated with positive toxicology results for non-prescribed substance use during pregnancy.

Design/Methods: This retrospective study included pregnant persons and their infants, who were screened for predetermined risk factors for SUD during pregnancy. The toxicology test results of pregnant persons' urine and infants' urine, meconium/umbilical cord, were correlated with risk factors.

Results: Maternal risk factors (history of pre-pregnancy or current SUD, on medication for opioid use disorders, insufficient prenatal care, sexually transmitted and blood-borne infections) and neonatal risk factors (neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome, intrauterine growth restriction) showed a correlation with toxicology results.

Conclusion: Combining maternal and neonatal risk factors with toxicology testing may accurately identify SUD in pregnancy.
Design and synthesis of a C2-symmetric cyclic decapeptide and its peptidomimetic as potential inhibitors against amyloid-beta aggregation
Authors: Kobayakawa Takuya , Yamamoto Kenichi , Fukutome Aiichiro , Arioka Marisa , Tsuji Kohei , Tamamura Hirokazu
Published: February 2025

A C2-symmetric cyclic decapeptide and its peptidomimetic based on the KLVFF fragment of amyloid-beta (Abeta) were designed and synthesized as potential inhibitors against Abeta aggregation in Alzheimer's disease. These compounds were efficiently synthesized using solution- and solid-phase peptide synthesis. Thioflavin-T assays revealed that both the cyclic decapeptide and its chloroalkene dipeptide isostere (CADI)-containing peptidomimetic significantly inhibited Abeta aggregation. These results demonstrated the potential of C2-symmetric cyclic peptides and peptidomimetics as effective Abeta aggregation inhibitors for Alzheimer's disease therapies.
Metodologia LipoCodes: Controle objetivo de volumes infiltrados e aspirados em lipoaspiração
Authors: Gomes Rogerio Schützler
Published: February 2025

Introdução As técnicas atuais, tecnologias e publicações de lipoaspiração continuam a evoluir, buscando resultados melhores e mais previsíveis com o máximo de segurança possível. Por outro lado, não há referências a controles de volume mais objetivos para obter resultados mais precisos e previsíveis na lipoaspiração, parâmetros objetivos que poderiam melhorar os resultados e a segurança. Dentro deste contexto, foi desenvolvida uma metodologia para obter informações objetivas de segurança, apoiar a reposição de fluidos e o controle de volumes aspirados por região e total, otimizando dessa forma o tempo cirúrgico. O objetivo deste trabalho é descrever uma metodologia denominada Lipocodes, criada para aferir o volume infiltrado e aspirado, o tempo e a velocidade cirúrgica, em procedimentos de lipoaspiração e/ou lipoenxertia.

Materiais e Métodos A metodologia LipoCodes é baseada em regiões de depósito de gordura e regiões de enxerto; níveis de profundidade da lipoaspiração; portais de acesso (incisões); controle de volumes infiltrados e aspirados.

Resultados A metodologia LipoCodes desenvolveu o controle de volumes infiltrados, de sucção de gordura, e de enxerto de gordura, para cada região previamente definida, bem como a velocidade de lipoaspiração.

Discussão A metodologia LipoCodes foi desenvolvida para sistematizar a lipoaspiração, independentemente do equipamento e da técnica preferida de cada cirurgião plástico. O objetivo é tornar a lipoaspiração mais controlada, objetiva, didática e educacional, com mais previsibilidade.

Conclusão A metodologia LipoCodes utiliza equipamentos simples para medir cada mililitro de volume infiltrado, aspirado e enxertado de regiões corporais previamente definidas. Essas informações auxiliam com parâmetros objetivos, controle de volumes em lipoaspiração, bem como controle do tempo cirúrgico.
Geometric modeling of knitted fabrics
Authors: Niu Lauren , Dion Geneviève , Kamien Randall D.
Published: February 2025

Knitting can turn a one-dimensional yarn into a highly ramified three-dimensional structure. As a method of additive manufacturing, it holds promise for a class of lightweight, ultrastrong materials. Here, we present a purely geometric model to predict the three-dimensional self-folding of knitted fabrics made only of the two traditional stitches, knit and purl.
Adapting C
4
photosynthesis to atmospheric change and increasing productivity by elevating Rubisco content in sorghum and sugarcane
Authors: Salesse-Smith Coralie E. , Adar Noga , Kannan Baskaran , Nguyen Thaibinhduong , Wei Wei , Guo Ming , Ge Zhengxiang , Altpeter Fredy , Clemente Tom E. , Long Stephen P.
Published: February 2025

Meta-analyses and theory show that with rising atmospheric [CO
2
], Rubisco has become the greatest limitation to light-saturated leaf CO
2
assimilation rates (
A
sat
) in C
4
crops. So would transgenically increasing Rubisco increase
A
sat
and result in increased productivity in the field? Here, we successfully overexpressed the Rubisco small subunit (
RbcS
) with Rubisco accumulation factor 1 (
Raf1
) in both sorghum and sugarcane, resulting in significant increases in Rubisco content of 13 to 25% and up to 90% respectively.
A
sat
increased 12 to 15% and Rubisco enzyme activity ~40% in three independent transgenic events of both species. Sorghum plants also showed increased speeds of photosynthetic induction and decreased bundle sheath leakiness. These improvements translated into average increases of 15.5% in biomass in field-grown sorghum and a 37 to 81% increase in greenhouse-grown sugarcane. This suggests a potential opportunity to achieve substantial increases in productivity of this key economically important clade of C
4
crops, future proofing their value under global atmospheric change.
Substrate and climate determine terrestrial litter decomposition
Authors: Wu Qiuxia , Ni Xiangyin , Sun Xinyao , Chen Zihao , Hong Songbai , Berg Björn , Zheng Mianhai , Chen Ji , Zhu Jingjing , Ai Ling , Zhang Yichen , Wu Fuzhong
Published: February 2025

Litter decomposition is a fundamental biogeochemical process for carbon flux and nutrient cycling in terrestrial ecosystems, yet the global variation in decomposition rates and their covariations with climate and substrate are not fully understood. Here, we synthesized a global dataset of 6,733 independent observations across six continents to illustrate the climatic and substrate controls over litter decomposition. The average decomposition rates of various litter types ranged from 0.74 to 4.01 y
−1
across polar to tropics, showing a large geographical span. Litter substrate and climate directly explained 36 and 30% of the variations in decomposition rates, with the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio identified as the best predictor. In the absence of climate variables, litter substrate can effectively explain the variation, while the model’s predictive capacity decreased significantly after litter substrate was excluded. Our synthesis highlights that a fundamental constraint on litter substrate leads to predictable global-scale patterns of terrestrial litter decomposition rates. Integrating litter chemistry parameters should be prioritized for parameter optimization in Earth system models.
Miniaturized near-field polarization photodetector
Authors: Zheng Yingshuang , Zhu Fei , Jin Chunqi , Fan Yandong , Sun Xiaojuan , Li Dabing , Li Wei
Published: February 2025

As an inherent and important property of light, polarization could provide information beyond light intensity and spectrum. However, traditional polarization detectors require bulky polarization optics and accurate heterogeneous integration, which limits their miniaturization. Conversely, recently developed miniaturized near-field polarization photodetectors can efficiently achieve detection with the advantages of being filterless, cost-effective, and portable. These attributes play a significant role in various fields, including astronomy, quantum optics, and medical diagnosis. In this paper, we review the progress of miniaturized near-field polarization photodetectors, including polarization photodetectors based on the nanowire, two-dimensional materials, chiral materials, and metasurface. Furthermore, this review analyzes the detection mechanisms of these photodetectors and provides a comprehensive summary of their operational wavelengths, photo responsivities, and polarization sensitivities, including polarization ratio for linear polarization and asymmetric ratio for circular polarization. Finally, the applications of near-field polarization photodetector are reviewed to highlight its potential in broad aspects of applications.
Refractive index modification and plasma characteristics of a femtosecond laser-induced filament in nitrogen
Authors: Pokharel Sagar , Miles Richard , Tropina Albina
Published: February 2025

The paper presents a detailed analysis of the change in the refractive index field during the decay of laser plasma in nitrogen at atmospheric pressure. The mathematical model combines a three-temperature nonequilibrium plasma model with detailed kinetics and a semi-classical refractive index model based on species polarizabilities. A detailed characterization of the femtosecond plasma for a wide range of initial electron density and electron temperature forms the basis of the refractive index analysis. The study provides a quantitative evaluation of the effects of vibrational nonequilibrium, dissociation, ionization, and hydrodynamics on the refractive index field. The fast temporal evolution of the refractive index at early times during the laser plasma decay is explained by the exponential decay of the electron density, with dissociation and vibrational excitation of molecular nitrogen being equally important factors. The study of relative contributions to the evolution of the refractive index field has significance for diagnostics, laser energy deposition, and wave-guiding.
Construction and test of the 19.6-T solid-nitrogen-cooled REBCO insert magnet for the MIT 1.3-GHz NMR system
Authors: Dong Fangliang , Park Dongkeun , Sadde Patricia , Bascuñán Juan , Iwasa Yukikazu
Published: February 2025

This work presents the construction, testing, and analyses work of the 835 MHz high-temperature superconducting REBCO insert magnet (H835), a critical component of the ongoing MIT 1.3 GHz HTS/LTS NMR Magnet project (1.3 G). H835 consists of 40 double-pancake coils operating in a solid nitrogen environment at temperatures ranging from 4 to 17 K. It is designed to generate a central magnetic field of 19.6 T within a 79.4 mm clear bore that will house a 54 mm standard warm bore in the future 1.3 GHz NMR system. Building on lessons learned from our previous 18.8 T REBCO insert magnet (H800), which experienced quenching in 2018 that resulted in permanent damage, several improvements have been implemented in this new H835 design and construction. We have charged H835 to the rated current of 230 A and maintained its central field of 19.43 T for over 15 h without any issues before ramping down the current. The 0.17 T (0.87%) error field between measurement and design was due to screening current effect. H835 will be combined with the low-temperature superconducting 500 MHz background magnet (L500) to complete 1.3 G. We believe that this solid-nitrogen-cooled H835 can provide valuable insights for developing high-field liquid-helium-free REBCO magnets.
Study on the influence of geometric shape of plate welded joint on crack propagation of weld toe
Authors: Li Guangze , Shen Yuxin , Xue Caijun
Published: February 2025

Crack propagation at the welded joints is an important mode of failure in welded structures. The influences of welded joints’ geometric parameters on toe crack propagation were studied during this research work. Through the finite element software ANSYS 2020, the stress intensity factor values of the crack at the welded joint toe and the non-welded plate crack under uniform drawing load were calculated by the interaction integral method. The ratio of stress intensity factor at the crack tip of the joint toe to stress intensity factor of the non-welded plate crack was set as a geometric influence factor. Through the geometric influence factor, the influences of geometric parameters on the stress intensity factor were analyzed. The results show that the crack tip stress intensity factor at the toe is mainly affected by the thickness of the plate, the radius of the toe, the angle of the toe, the widths of the upside and downside welds, the heights of the upside and downside reinforcements and the crack length. The stress intensity factor decreases with the increase of toe radius, but increases with the increase of the other parameters under the condition of constant crack length. The geometric influence factor decreases with the increase of crack length, and the decrease range is between 34% and 47%. The geometric influence factor expression of the stress intensity factor at the toe crack tip of the welded joint under uniform drawing external load was obtained by regression analysis of the finite element calculation results. The error is less than 5% within the selected value ranges, which indicates that the expression is suitable for toe cracks of plate welded joints of most common sizes.
Application progress of bio-manufacturing technology in kidney organoids
Authors: Mao Runqi , Zhang Junming , Qin Haoxiang , Liu Yuanyuan , Xing Yuxin , Zeng Wen
Published: February 2025

Kidney transplantation remains a pivotal treatment modality for kidney disease, yet its progress is significantly hindered by the scarcity of donor kidneys and ethical dilemmas surrounding their procurement. As organoid technology evolves and matures, the creation of bionic human kidney organoids offers profound potential for advancing kidney disease research, drug nephrotoxicity screening, and regenerative medicine. Nevertheless, current kidney organoid models grapple with limitations such as constrained cellular differentiation, underdeveloped functional structures, and a crucial absence of vascularization. This deficiency in vascularization, in particular, stunts organoid development, restricts their size, diminishes filtration capabilities, and may trigger immune inflammatory reactions through the resulting ischemic microenvironment. Hence, the achievement of vascularization within kidney organoids and the successful establishment of functional microvascular networks constitutes a paramount goal for their future progression. In this review, we provide an overview of recent advancements in biotechnology domains, encompassing organ-on-a-chip technology, biomimetic matrices, and bioprinting, with the aim of catalyzing technological breakthroughs that can enhance the vascularization of kidney organoids and broaden their applicability. These technologies hold the key to unlocking the full potential of kidney organoids as a transformative therapeutic option for kidney disease.
Real-time assessment of cell concentration and viability onboard a syringe using dielectric impedance spectroscopy for extrusion bioprinting
Authors: Matavosian Alicia A , Griffin Alexandra C , Bhuiyan Didarul B , Lyness Alexander M , Bhatnagar Vivek , Bonassar Lawrence J
Published: February 2025

Bioprinting produces personalized, cell-laden constructs for tissue regeneration through the additive layering of bio-ink, an injectable hydrogel infused with cells. Currently, bioprinted constructs are assessed for quality by measuring cellular properties post-production using destructive techniques, necessitating the creation of multiple constructs and increasing the production costs of bioprinting. To reduce this burden, cell properties in bio-ink can be monitored in real-time during printing. We incorporated dielectric impedance spectroscopy (DIS) onto a syringe for real-time measurement of primary chondrocytes suspended in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) using impedance (|Z|) and phase angle (θ) from 0.1 to 25 000 kHz. Cell concentration and viability ranged from 0.1 × 106 cells ml−1 to 125 × 106 cells ml−1 and from 0%to 94%, respectively. Samples with constant or with changing cell concentration were exposed to various flow conditions from 0.5 to 4 ml min−1. The background PBS signal was subtracted from the sample, allowing for comparisons across devices and providing insight into the dielectric properties of the cells, and was labeled as |Zcells
| and θcells
. |Zcells
| shared a linear correlation with cell concentration and viability. Flow rate had minimal effect on our results, and |Zcells
| responded on the order of seconds as cell concentration was altered over time. Notably, sensitivity to cell concentration and viability were dependent on frequency and were highest for |Zcells
| when θcells
was minimized. Cell concentration and viability showed an additive effect on |Zcells
| that was modeled across multiple frequencies, and deconvolution of these signals could result in real-time predictions of cell properties in the future. Overall, DIS was found to be a suitable technique for real-time sensing of cell concentration and viability during bioprinting.
Bio-inspired Herringbone Grooved surface topographies and their effect on gas foil journal bearing performance
Authors: Priyadarshini Srusti , Behera Suraj K
Published: February 2025

This paper investigates the performance of bio-inspired Herringbone Grooved-Gas Foil Journal Bearings (HG-GFJBs) using numerical simulations based on the Reynolds equation. Drawing inspiration from the natural arrangement of feather riblets of birds, the study explores how biologically inspired groove geometries can improve the efficiency and functionality of Gas Foil Journal Bearings (GFJBs). These natural patterns, which have evolved to enhance pressure distribution, are applied to the surface topographies of gas foil bearings to examine their impact on static performance. The results indicate that the air-lubricated HG-GFJBs are capable of operating at high speeds and sustaining significant radial loads. Furthermore, an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) was trained using numerical data in order to assess performance using the regression coefficient. Decision surface plots of the Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) were then produced in order to determine the optimal bearing parameters. By leveraging principles derived from nature, the study opens up new possibilities for enhancing the performance and longevity of GFBs, making them more efficient and reliable for a variety of engineering applications.
Deep learning-based video-level view classification of two-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography
Authors: Cheng Hanlin , Shi Zhongqing , Qi Zhanru , Wang Xiaoxian , Guo Guanjun , Fang Aijuan , Jin Zhibin , Shan Chunjie , Chen Ruiyang , Du Yue , Qian Sunnan , Luo Shouhua , Yao Jing
Published: February 2025

In recent years, deep learning (DL)-based automatic view classification of 2D transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) has demonstrated strong performance, but has not fully addressed key clinical requirements such as view coverage, classification accuracy, inference delay, and the need for thorough exploration of performance in real-world clinical settings. We proposed a clinical requirement-driven DL framework, TTESlowFast, for accurate and efficient video-level TTE view classification. This framework is based on the SlowFast architecture and incorporates both a sampling balance strategy and a data augmentation strategy to address class imbalance and the limited availability of labeled TTE videos, respectively. TTESlowFast achieved an overall accuracy of 0.9881, precision of 0.9870, recall of 0.9867, and F1 score of 0.9867 on the test set. After field deployment, the model’s overall accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score for view classification were 0.9607, 0.9586, 0.9499, and 0.9530, respectively. The inference time for processing a single TTE video was 105.0 ± 50.1 ms on a desktop GPU (NVIDIA RTX 3060) and 186.0 ± 5.2 ms on an edge computing device (Jetson Orin Nano), which basically meets the clinical demand for immediate processing following image acquisition. The TTESlowFast framework proposed in this study demonstrates effective performance in TTE view classification with low inference delay, making it well-suited for various medical scenarios and showing significant potential for practical application.
RAE-Net: a multi-modal neural network based on feature fusion and evidential deep learning algorithm in predicting breast cancer subtypes on DCE-MRI
Authors: Tang Xiaowen , Zhu Yinsu
Published: February 2025

Objectives Accurate identification of molecular subtypes in breast cancer is critical for personalized treatment. This study introduces a novel neural network model, RAE-Net, based on Multimodal Feature Fusion (MFF) and the Evidential Deep Learning Algorithm (EDLA) to improve breast cancer subtype prediction using dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI). Methods A dataset of 344 patients with histologically confirmed breast cancer was divided into training (n = 200), validation (n = 60), and testing (n = 62) cohorts. RAE-Net, built on ResNet-50 with Multi-Head Attention (MHA) fusion and Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) mechanisms, combines radiomic and deep learning features for subtype prediction. The EDLA module adds uncertainty estimation to enhance classification reliability. Results The RAE-Net model incorporating the MFF module demonstrated superior performance, achieving a mean accuracy of 0.83 and a Macro-F1 score of 0.78, surpassing traditional radiomics models (accuracy: 0.79, Macro-F1: 0.75) and standalone deep learning models (accuracy: 0.80, Macro-F1: 0.76). When an EDLA uncertainty threshold of 0.2 was applied, the performance significantly improved, with accuracy reaching 0.97 and Macro-F1 increasing to 0.92. Additionally, RAE-Net outperformed two recent deep learning networks, ResGANet and HIFUSE. Specifically, RAE-Net showed a 0.5% improvement in accuracy and a higher AUC compared to ResGANet. In comparison to HIFUSE, RAE-Net reduced both the number of parameters and computational cost by 90% while only increasing computation time by 5.7%. Conclusions RAE-Net integrates feature fusion and uncertainty estimation to predict breast cancer subtypes from DCE-MRI. The model achieves high accuracy while maintaining computational efficiency, demonstrating its potential for clinical use as a reliable and resource-efficient diagnostic tool.