bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Surgical Approaches for Optic Nerve Sheath Fenestration for Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension and Review of the Literature
Authors: S Veranis
Published: October 2022

Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension is one of the causes of blindness in the modern world. It affects usually overweight female patients in their childbearing age. Unfortunately, there are no clear quidelines in respect of the best possible approach to treat this rare condition. Conservative treatment which means weight loss, acetazolamide prescription and close follow up and on the other hand surgical treatments are the main options. Ventriculoperitoneal shunt to relieve intracranial pressure and Optic Sheath Fenestration are both surgical options that can be also combined treat patients and save their vision decline [1,2]. In this study, we retrospectively reviewed different techniques of optic sheath fenestration and measured the outcome and the complication rate of each one.
Exploring the Reasons behind Perceived Severity of Modern and Traditional Types of Depression in an American Undergraduate Sample
Authors: Elam Taylor , O’Brien Colin , Taku Kanako
Published: October 2022

Aim: A subtype of depression called Modern-type depression (MTD) is typically viewed as less severe compared to the Traditional-type depression (TTD). The purpose of this study was to explore the reasons behind the differences of perceptions when assessing the severity of MTD and TTD. Methods: After reading two vignettes describing an individual who is experiencing symptoms of MTD or TTD, participants (N = 300, Mage= 20.36) were asked to rate the severity of the depression for each and rank, in order of importance, a set of sentences in each vignette that served as reasons why they chose that rating. Results: Overall, TTD was more likely to be rated as severe than MTD. Those who perceived high severity in TTD relied on the information of the individual experiencing mental and physical consequences a high workload. Those who perceived high severity in MTD also relied on the same information of X suffering a high workload; however, those who perceived low severity in MTD relied more on the information of the individual complaining about the workload. Conclusion: These results indicate that perceptions of each disorder may in part come from which information people pay attention to. Future studies should explore the possibility of other factors, such as familiarity with mental health disorders or certain trauma experiences that could lead some individuals to process circumstances and situations within each depression to reduce stigma of mental disorders.
The Molecular Basis of Memory: Remembering and Forgetting
Authors: Marx Gerard , Gilon Chaim
Published: October 2022

To comprehend the brain’s mental function and dysfunction, we focus on memory, its formation and loss. Our expanded tripartite mechanism of memory involves the following compartments: Stimulated brain cells (neurons + glial cells) which secrete dopants (>10 metals and >80 neuro-transmitters (NTs) and glio-transmitters (GTs)) into the extracellular matrix (nECM/PNN) enveloping all brain cells, that performs as a “memory material”. The metal-centered complexes formed within the nECM/PNN are molecular correlates of cognitive units of information (cuinfo) that encode experience. The transmitters (NTs+GTs) embody emotive quality that elicit physiologic reactions from organs and glands to encode emotive states. As for decoding the cuinfo, aggregates (mosaics) of sensors (GPCR- and K-channel family proteins) within the lipid-bilayer comprising the cell membranes are capable of “reading” and integrating the cuinfo, transliterating them into an experiential mental state. As to memory loss, aside from gross injuries or anatomical abnormalities, we look to molecular-level decay, which involve processes such as Toxicity or deficiency of trace metals, degradation of the nECM/PNN or it’s by enzymatic or redox (Fenton) reactions, uncontrolled lipid peroxidation (i.e. endocannabinoids) or autoimmune antibodies (i.e. anti- metallothionein) or lysozyme amyloid fibril formation. Interference with the optimal operation of the expanded tripartite mechanism of emotive memory is reflected by clinical features of memory loss in patients with degenerative disorders.
White Matter Microstructural Abnormalities and Cognitive Functions Assessment in First versus Multiple episodes of Euthymic Bipolar Cases
Authors: Aufa Ola M , El Shahawi Heba H , Effat Safeya M , Shorab Eman Mohamad , Mokhtar Islam , Sakr Housam M , El Nagar Zeinab M
Published: October 2022

Background: Recently, several studies have detected cognitive impairment and microstructural anomalies of white matter (WM) in bipolar disorder type I (BD-I). It is still unclear if these structural and cognitive anomalies in BD are progressive or static. Subjects and Methods: We investigated Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) derived fractional anisotropy (FA) and cognitive functions in 40 cases with euthymic BD I, who were subdivided into 20 cases with single episode and another 20 cases with multiple episodes, and were further compared with 20 healthy controls. Four tracts bilaterally (cingulum, inferior longitudinal fasciculus, superior longitudinal fasciculus, and uncinate fasciculus) and three areas (left rostral anterior cingulate, right inferior frontal area, and right subgenual anterior cingulate) were studied. The findings were further correlated with cognitive functions (memory, executive functions, and sustained attention), which were assessed using Trail Making Test A and B, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, Wechsler Memory Scale, and Continuous Performance Test). Results: Cases with BD I either with a single episode or multiple episodes showed deficits than the control group in all the selected regions except right subgenual anterior cingulate in comparison to controls. Also, more deficits were found as regards cognitive functions. On the other hand, cases with many episodes had lower FA than those with a single episode regarding seven regions of interest (left and right inferior longitudinal fasciculus, left and right superior longitudinal fasciculus, left uncinate fasciculus, right cingulum, and right inferior frontal area) as well as more impairment in executive functions and sustained attention which correlated with these white matter abnormalities. Discussion and Conclusion: The present findings indicate that white matter microstructural abnormalities and cognitive functions deficits could serve as state and trait markers in cases with BD I. The detected abnormalities could affect the future in early diagnosis and intervention, thus facilitating functional recovery in cases with BD I.
Praktik Meditasi pada Penghayat Kepercayaan Sapta Darma
Authors: Firosa Ahda M. Naufal , Agung Yusuf Ratu
Published: October 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsep sujud (meditasi) pada ajaran Sapta Darma, serta memahami bagaimana efek dan prosesnya ketika mencapai kesadaran penuh (“satrio utomo”). Metode yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Teknik pengumpulan data ditempuh melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi, dan dokumentasi terhadap penghayat kepercayaan Sapta Darma yang sedang­ mendalami sujud. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sujud dalam Sapta Darma memiliki beberapa konsep yang mengandung unsur filosofis serta memberikan efek psikologis kepada subjek. Efek psikologis, yang dirasakan pada umumnya setelah mendalami sujud, menunjukkan bahwa mereka memiliki kesadaran penuh yang dapat dicapai melalui beberapa tahapan, antara lain mampu mengendalikan “sebelas saudara” (nafsu); mampu memahami diri sendiri; berdarma (berperilaku baik); welas asih; memiliki kewaskitaan (kepekaan), bijaksana; racut; dan dikehendaki oleh Tuhan Yang Mahakuasa.
PENGGUNAAN METODE DISCOVERY LEARNING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEAKTIFAN BELAJAR SISWA KELAS 5 SD NEGERI BORO
Authors: Aisy Rofilah Rohadatul
Published: October 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan keaktifan dan kompetensi siswa pada mata pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia kelas V di SD Negeri Boro melalui penerapan metode pembelajaran discovery learning. Penelitian ini merupakan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) dengan model Kemmis dan Mc Taggart yang dilakukan dalam dua siklus penelitian. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas V  SD Negeri Boro Tahun Ajaran 2021/2022 yang berjumlah 25 siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini menggunakan observasi untuk pelaksanaan pembelajaran dan keaktifan siswa, tes untuk kompetensi kognitif, dan dokumentasi. Indikator keberhasilan penelitian ini sebesar lebih dari 70% keaktifan siswa dan 75% siswa mencapai KKM sebesar 76. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa melalui penerapan metode pembelajaran Discovery Learning dapat meningkatkan keaktifan dan kompetensi siswa pada mata pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia. Hal tersebut dapat dilihat dari: (1) adanya peningkatan keaktifan siswa pada tiap siklus. Keaktifan siswa pada siklus I sebesar 31.29%, dan siklus II sebesar 71.83%; (2) adanya peningkatan rata-rata kelas dan ketuntasan belajar siswa. Rata-rata kelas pada siklus I sebesar 75.74, dan siklus II sebesar 87.33. Ketuntasan belajar siswa yang diukur dengan tes kompetensi kognitif pada siklus I sebesar 67.74%, dan siklus II sebesar 93.33%.

Kata kunci: Discovery Learning, Keaktifan, Kompetensi
Customer Success Management: The new imperative in sales for recurring revenue?
Authors: Schmäh* Prof. Dr. Marco , Sibilio, MSc Alessandro , Kern Dr. Manuel
Published: October 2022

Customer Success Management is the next evolution in complex sales that drives growth. Moreover, Customer Success Management is a modern holistic sales philosophy and part of a professional customer experience management strategy. The following conceptual paper discusses fundamental thoughts based on value-based selling, customer success focus, and a clear view on a perspective beyond selling that will gain importance in the future.
Literature, Truth, and Knowledge
Authors: Verheyen Leen
Published: October 2022

In this article, I present an overview of the key positions and insights within the philosophical debate on the cognitive value of literary fiction. First, I discuss the various ways in which attempts have been made to align literature with the traditional philosophical and scientific concept of truth (propositional truth). Second, I consider a number of alternative concepts of knowledge and truth that have been put forward to understand the conceptual value of literature, such as ethical knowledge and self-knowledge. Then I address the ways in which empirical literary theory engages with these philosophical theories and attempts to support them through psychological experimentation. Fourth, I discuss the idea that literature provides us with a certain form of conceptual knowledge, followed by a discussion of the no-truth theory of literature, the idea that a work’s cognitive value is irrelevant to our valuation of a literary work as a work of art. Finally, I try to show an alternative to the problems that arise with the theories discussed and the lessons that can be learned from those theories, by focusing on Paul Ricoeur's ideas about the workings of fiction.
Derrida’s Pragmatism: The Political and Pedagogical Implications of Derrida’s ‘University to Come’ in a Teletechnological World
Authors: Bock Joel
Published: October 2022

This paper focuses on the intersections between Jacques Derrida’s thinking of teletechnology, virtualisation, mondialisation and the role that education and the ‘university to come’ can play in coping with the changing landscapes of our increasingly digitised world. This analysis also addresses what I call the pragmatist critique of Derrida, which accuses deconstruction of being incapable of offering any prescriptive norms for how we can actually achieve systemic political change and what those changes should look like beyond a vague or unrealistic utopian hope for an undefinable, unanticipatable ‘event’ to come. I argue, in contrast, that Derrida’s thinking on teletechnology provides one of many examples of the practical implications of deconstruction and can help explain Derrida’s account of how the politico-economic outside functions and conditions the university. Moreover, I explain Derrida’s argument that the ‘how’ of interrupting or breaking the vicious cycle of technoeconomic power structures cannot be solved by a mere list of preprogramed objectives and thus must necessarily be left open to uncertainty, further determination and the possibility of the unknown. At the same time, however, this resistance to preprogramed objectives does not entail an outright rejection of political resistance or education about the power structures at work within various domains of life.
Sensation Fiction: New Directions
Authors: Palmer Beth
Published: October 2022

2022 marks forty years since Patrick Brantlinger posed the question ‘What is Sensational About the Sensation Novel?’ Since then, scholars have continued to probe and extend early definitions of sensation fiction as a short-lived subgenre dealing with secret crimes taking place in genteel Victorian settings. Research on sensation fiction has developed apace, and scholars have developed approaches utilising methodologies from media studies, history of science, disability studies, and beyond. In doing so, they have greatly expanded the range of sensation novelists studied. Such research (benefitting from the enormous spread of digitisation since Brantlinger’s article) has also highlighted the significance of serialisation, adaptation, and experimentation in sensation fiction and the relationship between form and content has continued to be of interest. The past decade has also seen an interest in sensation as a global publishing phenomenon and this has led to scholars tackling more fully issues of race, racism, and national identity in sensation fiction. The articles in this issue build upon these recent interventions and seek to point out possible new paths in the study of sensation fiction.
Features of Atherosclerosis of the Carotid Arteries in Elderly patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Sagatelyan A. A. , Konstantinova E. V. , Bogdanova A. A. , Svet A. V. , Pershina E. S. , Gilyarov M. Yu.
Published: October 2022

Aim. To study features of atherosclerosis and signs of instability of atherosclerotic plaque in the carotid arteries by ultrasound duplex scanning of elderly patients with myocardial infarction or unstable angina.

Material and methods. The study included 87 patients with ACS and 78 patients without ACS aged 75 and over. Ultrasound duplex scanning of carotid arteries was carried out with Philips EPIQ5 ultrasound system and L12–3 linear array transducer on the 2–5 day from the moment of hospitalization. Quantitative and structural indicators of atherosclerosis of the carotid arteries were assessed .

Results. The frequency of detection of atherosclerotic plaques in carotid arteries in elderly patients with ACS was signifi cantly higher than in patients without ACS – 78 and 67 % (p=0,179). Patients with ACS compared with the group without ACS more often had signs of instability of atherosclerotic plaque: heterogenous structure – 28,8 and 19,3 % (p=0,017), hypoechogenic component – 39,2 and 9,9 % (p<0,001), irregular surface – 46,3 and 8,2 % (р<0,001), local calcifi cation –14,2 and 7 % (р=0,001). At the same time, ulcerated atherosclerotic plaques were found only in the group of patients with ACS – 1,9 % (р=0,412). The incidence of atherosclerotic plaques in carotid arteries among men was higher in the group with ACS compared to patients without ACS – 36,2 and 23,4 % (р=0,003); among women the data are higher in the group without ACS compared with the group of patients with ACS – 76,6 and 63,8 % (р=0,003).

Conclusion. Atherosclerotic plaques in carotid arteries among elderly patients are more common in the group of patients with ACS. As the same time, among this group atherosclerotic plaques with signs of instability were significantly more common found.
The crisis of quantitative electroencephalography. Is it a crisis? Response to «Crisis of quantitative electroencephalography» by L. B. Ivanov
Authors: Sinkin M. V. , Bogdanova E. P. , Elshina O. D.
Published: October 2022

Electroencephalography (EEG) remain the key method to assess the functional state of the brain. In outpatient practice one of the most widespread EEG types is short-term or 'routine EEG', that means the registration of cerebral activity up to 30 minutes with carrying out of activation tests. The previously published 'Survey among Russian doctors on routine electroencephalography' has shown huge variability of methodology of routine EEG and caused a vibrant discussion. Thus, in the letter to editor 'Crisis of quantitative electroencephalography' by L. B. Ivanov, critical opinion was expressed about the requirement of such surveys, about the reference parameters of activation tests, and about insufficient education of functional diagnostic doctors, especially in the sphere of using quantitative EEG for diagnostics of psychiatric pathology.

The manuscript presents new arguments regarding the expediency of a clear definition of the EEG terms and conditions and importance to develop official methodological guidelines for various EEG types in accordance with clinical guidelines.
Identifying Urban Heat Effect through Satellite Image Analysis: Focusing on Narayanganj Upazila, Bangladesh
Authors: Md. Razzakul Islam  , Haque Md. Nazmul
Published: October 2022

The rapid growth of population and land use cover change are closely connected. Narayanganj Sadar Upazila is the first Growing City in Bangladesh. Land use and land cover change are very first. Global warming, increased greenhouse gas emissions, and other environmental issues have become critical issues to address in recent times. Because of the Unplanned Expansion of urban areas, the LULC pattern is changing, and this kind of adverse (LST increasing, Heat Island Growth) impact is increasing. In this area, the amount of vegetation is decreasing day by day. The objectives of this study are to identify land use land cover (LULC) dynamics for the year 2001 to 2021, identify Urban Heat Islands from the value of land surface temperature (LST) and identify hotspots based on normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), normalized difference built-up index (NDBI), normalized difference water index (NDWI) and land surface temperature (LST) doing weighted overlay among them.  To determine the land cover pattern, and change at Narayanganj Upazila in the years 2001, 2011, and 2021, the land cover type was divided into four categories (build-up, vegetation, water bodies, and barren soil) in geographic information system (GIS) and Earth Resources Data Analysis System (ERDAS) Imagine 2014. The overall accuracy of LULC in 2001, 2011, and 2021 was 90.08, 91.34, and 92.02, respectively. And the value of the kappa coefficient for the years 2001, 2011, and 2021 was 0.91, 0.89, and 0.90, respectively. This study demonstrates an increase of 14.22% in built-up area and destruction of 15.5% of vegetation, 3.26% of barren soil, and 1.05% of the waterbody in the previous 21 years in Narayanganj Upazila. This study will help the administration, agricultural directorates, Pourashava office, and city corporation authority to take necessary measures to mitigate the adverse impacts of land cover change. They can make new rules and regulations on the construction of buildings, restrictions on filling water bodies and measures to conserve vegetation.
In Silico Testing of Some Protected Galactopyranose as SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease Inhibitors
Authors: Azad Abul K.M.S. , Islam Md. Naimul , Chowdhury Md. Atiquel Islam , Kabir Emranul
Published: October 2022

An outbreak of novel Coronavirus disease (COVID-19 or 2019-nCoV) due to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has already demonstrated a fatal death toll all over the world. To cure this viral infection, a number of compounds of different categories have been investigated in silico. Some of the compounds showed better binding energy with COVID-19-related proteins. However, until now there is no appropriate drug except a vaccine. It was found that many antifungal drugs are used for COVID-19 patients in hospitals. Many monosaccharide esters have been reported to have antifungal potential. Thus, in the present study, some protected galactopyranose esters are chosen for molecular docking with SARS-CoV-2 main proteases (PDB id: 7BQY and 6LU7). A docking study revealed that galactopyranose esters 5-8 have very good docking scores (-8.4 to -6.5 kcal/mol) compared to the standard drugs azithromycin, remdesivir, and hydroxychloroquine. To explain such good scores interaction between amino acid residues of proteins and compounds in their docked complexes are calculated and duly discussed in this study.
Socio-economic and political aspects of the state of the Siberian region in the 1880s. in the publications of D. A. Klements in the Siberian Newspaper
Authors: Balakhnina M. V.
Published: October 2022

The article deals with the problem of the activities of the representative of revolutionary populism D. A. Klements as a publicist during his stay in Siberian exile. From 1884 to 1888 he was an employee of the Siberian Newspaper, published in the city of Tomsk. Klements wrote scientific articles on archeology, reviews of scientific papers, editorials, feuilletons that touched on all the most pressing issues of Siberian life. They touched upon the problems of the situation of the peasant settlers, local self-government, the implementation of zemstvo and judicial reforms in Siberia, the development of education, including the opening of the Siberian University, the situation of workers in the gold industry, the construction of the Siberian railway, the situation of foreigners. Klementz advocated an end to political exile in Siberia. At the same time, Dmitry Alexandrovich not only voiced acute issues, but also proposed specific measures to address them.
History of NLP and positive motivation in studying foreign language
Authors: Romanov D. V.
Published: October 2022

The article is devoted to an overview of the historical background for the emergence of neuro-linguistic programming (NLP) and its relationship with the motivation of students in learning a foreign language. The study reveals the essence of two scientific directions, on the basis of which NLP appeared - neurolinguistics and psychotherapy, consistently describes the main stages of their development in XIX - XX centuries and states their influence on students’ motivation in studying a foreign language nowadays.
Analysis of the main directions of import substitution in the market of bioceramic materials
Authors: Kruteeva O. V.
Published: October 2022

The bioceramics market is characterized by rapid growth rates and may be of undoubted interest to manufacturers. The main direction of use is the manufacture of materials for endoprotheses in traumatology and surgery; implantation in maxillofacial surgery; use as materials for the replacement of bone defects, as well as in dentistry. The innovative products under consideration have a high potential for competitiveness due to their technical characteristics and consumer properties, which implies the possibility of commercialization in selected segments as one of the areas of import substitution. Further implementation should take into account branding, the development of an expanded marketing company and additional investment support.
Method of increasing students' activity through physical culture
Authors: Krivykh A. N. , Kolesnik L. A.
Published: October 2022

The research work is devoted to the problem of reducing the overall activity of students in academic and extracurricular activities. The study of the reasons for the reduced activity Ъof university students, ways to increase motivation to lead a healthy lifestyle by interviewing students of 1 - 3 courses of different training areas in SSUGT. Based on the analyzed survey, methodological recommendations were compiled for educational institutions on actions aimed at popularizing an active lifestyle to reduce the number of inactive students. The main recommendations are to improve the conditions for comfortable physical education, the creation of student sports clubs among students who are not professionally involved in sports and conducting five-minute breaks for physical warm-up during training pairs in order to increase the assimilation of educational material.
Methodological and scientific-methodological contexts spatial economy
Authors: Osipov A. G. , Savinykh V. N. , Murenko D. I.
Published: October 2022

The philosophical, methodological and methodological aspects of teaching spatial economics as a scientific and educational discipline are considered. Based on a comparative analysis, a number of approaches to the use of previously tested forms of education have been identified. Interdisciplinary knots are singled out and ways to increase the efficiency of knowledge assimilation are outlined. The necessity of applying the generalizing results of empirical research to enhancethe learning process is noted.
The problem of communicative alienation in the educational space
Authors: Rubantsova T. A.
Published: October 2022

The article deals with the problems of the formation of communicative forms of alienation at different historical stages of its development. The article analyzes the historical genesis of the alienation process in the interactive space of the university. The study examines the process of alienation as a reflection of communications in the educational architecture of society, analyzes the processes of alienation through social interaction. The category of "alienation" in the process of historical development of educational paradigms is revealed, its role in the modern digital educational space of the university is shown. In the work alienation is analyzed as an integral part of educational practices in historical development, and through the subjective attitude of its participants, which allows a new understanding of the information and communication sphere of modern education. In the modern interactive educational space, it becomes possible to form a new virtual educational environment in which other forms of communicative interaction are formed, which makes it possible to overcome the processes of alienation.
Software module for setting up system for 3D geometry measurements in aerodynamic stand using phase triangulation methods
Authors: Zuev V. O. , Dvoynishnikov S. V. , Kabardin I. K. , Meledin V. G.
Published: October 2022

The paper presents a software module for flexible configuration of a measuring system implements phase triangulation methods to measure three-dimensional profile of objects in aerodynamic experimental stands. To adjust and optimize a wide range of parameters of the measuring system, a universal solution has been implemented, that aimed to control of the operation of phase triangulation algorithms and binary Gray codes. To estimate the measurement error, an automated algorithm is implemented based on a statistical analysis of the distribution of the coordinates of the points of the measured surface.
Main limitations in the synthesis of digital holograms of 3D images
Authors: Pazoev A. L.
Published: October 2022

Problems of digital synthesis of holograms of 3D objects are discussed. The problem of using fast Fourier transform (FFT) in the synthesis of a remote object is numerically shown. A method for implementing a direct numerical Fresnel transformation based on the use of spatial symmetries of the Fresnel transformation kernel as the main element of calculations is offered. Its promising possibilities are discussed. An example of calculating a hologram of a 3D image and its restoration is given. At the moment, a program for the synthesis of holograms by direct integral transformation without the use of FFT has been developed, with the help of which the time for the synthesis of holograms is reduced more than four times. The prospects of this method are shown, which make it possible to reduce the time of direct synthesis of holograms of 3D objects by an order of magnitude or more.
Development of laser doppler anemometer method for calculation verification in study of gas motion in controlled turning-and-diverging flow
Authors: Kakaulin S. V. , Kabardin I. K. , Gordienko M. R.
Published: October 2022

The laser-Doppler anemometry method was developed for experimental studies on control of turning-and-diverging flow have been carried out; detailed diagnostics of averaged and turbulent characteristics have been made. Numerical modeling and comparison with experimental data based on known up-to-date turbulence models have been performed; comparative analysis of models has been done. The findings may be useful for determination of applicability limits of turbulence models.
Adaptive statistical filtering of data in the phase images decoding under random additive noise of a photodetector
Authors: Dvoynishnikov S. V. , Bakakin G. V. , Rakhmanov V. V. , Zuev V. O.
Published: October 2022

A method for adaptive statistical filtering of experimental data is proposed to reduce the measurement error of three-dimensional geometric parameters using phase triangulation methods. The method is especially promising for use under conditions of measuring surfaces with random light-scattering properties, a limited dynamic range of a photodetector, and random additive noise. The practical value and efficiency of the proposed approach in the processing of phase images is shown.
Spectral analysis and correction of the structure of computer-generated fan-out Dammann gratings at their fabrication
Authors: Korolkov V. P. , Sedukhin A. G. , Kuts R. I. , Sametov A. R. , Malyshev A. I. , Cherkashin V. V.
Published: October 2022

A technique for quickly finding the optimal time of liquid etching the amplitude masks of two-dimensional Dammann gratings, the structure of which is synthesized by direct laser writing in a polar coordinate system, is studied theoretically and experimentally. Thin chromium films are used as the recording material for laser writing, which are oxidized during laser writing and form an amplitude mask during their liquid etching (when using the thermochemical technology for their processing). The change in the etching time here occurs in the form of etching and displacement of the edges of the exposed zones. To find the optimal etching time for chromium films, it is proposed to use a procedure of measuring the spectra of amplitude gratings, by quick operational measurement and analysis of the intensity distribution of high diffraction orders, and by minimization of the root-mean-square deviation of these intensities. It is shown that higher diffraction orders in the spectra of binary-amplitude structures correlate well with the same orders of binary-phase structures. This conclusion can be effectively used to determine the moment when the optimum zone size is reached during liquid etching.
The estimation of frequency shift when solving the problem of chronometric leveling by using satellite navigation technologies
Authors: Alekseytsev S. A. , Gusar D. F. , Rachkov V. D. , Tolstikov A. S. , Shmidt L. V.
Published: October 2022

The paper deals with the problem of frequency shift effect of quantum standards caused by moving them in the gravitational field of Earth. The study of this effect is highly topical for solving the problem of chronometric leveling when designing the systems of orthometric altitudes estimation on the geoid.
Detection of intrusions into the Internet of things system
Authors: Titov D. N.
Published: October 2022

The Internet of Things (IoT) is an evolving technology in which computing devices and sensors exchange data over a network to solve various tasks and provide services. Medical care, remote control of devices, interaction between machines, etc. are services provided today for users without human intervention. Despite a number of advantages, this technology also has disadvantages, one of which is security. There are many methods used to protect the Internet of Things, one of them is the Intrusion detection System (IDS) - this is one of the most original and well-organized methods that can protect Internet of Things devices from intruders and detect their attack with high accuracy. The article discusses such types of attacks as DDoS/DoS, hello flood and Sybil attack, etc., as well as various types of approaches to IDS, such as machine learning, SDN and machine-based identifiers, which can be useful for preventing and detecting attacks on Internet of Things devices.
Nonlinear crystals for parametric light generation in the near and middle IR range
Authors: Ayrapetyan V. S. , Makeev А. V.
Published: October 2022

A review and comparative analysis of nonlinear optical crystals with a wide transparency range is presented. The conclusion is made about the possibility of creating on their basis highly efficient parametric light generators in the middle and far infrared range for lidar systems.
Neutrino telescope at the bottom of the lake
Authors: Novikov G. I. , Parko I. W.
Published: October 2022

At present, in connection with the development of technology, scientists around the world have begun a more detailed study of the universe, its origin and the mysteries it holds. In these studies, scientists use particles such as «Neutrinos» and «Muons». These particles were formed in the first second of the formation of the Universe, even before the formation of atoms. Thanks to these particles, scientists can learn an incredible amount of information, from the search for deposits of radioactive elements, to the expansion of the universe. The possibilities of these particles are endless, and scientists around the world are working to explore as much information as possible that these particles can provide. But not everything is as simple as it might seem, in order to obtain information from these particles, they must first be caught. Since neutrinos are inherently elusive to humans, they can freely pass through the human body, car, building, even the planet, without leaving any consequences or traces. Thanks to the development of technology and through long-term research and hypotheses, scientists have been able to capture these particles, as well as read the information that is stored in them. How and with the help of what people were able to catch and curb these elusive particles will be described later.
On the construction of ultraviolet communication line and orientation for controlling a small unmanned aerial vehicle
Authors: Shastin L. V. , Shakhov N. V.
Published: October 2022

The purpose of this work is to analyze methods for constructing an ultraviolet (UV) communication line and orientation for controlling a small unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). In conditions of difficult terrain, the passage of radio waves is difficult, so it is necessary to use the optical range for communication and orientation. In the UV range, optical interference is significantly reduced and it is possible to create small-sized film antennas for UAVs. The characteristics of UV communication using film fluorescent antennas and multi-crystal semiconductor emitters are given. The UAV orientation method using onboard film antennas has been analyzed.
Patent activity in the field of graphene microwave path elements GHZ range from the point of view of import independence
Authors: Cherevko A. G.
Published: October 2022

The patent activity in the field of graphene microwave path elements the GHz range is analyzed from 2004 (the year of graphene discovery) to the present from the point of view of import independence. The articles from SCOPUS and WoS were taken into account in analysis in addition to patents. The search was conducted by countries: Russia, USA, China, India, Great Britain, Germany, France, Italy, Spain, Japan, Iran, Malaysia; by branch of knowledge: technical applications, energy, applications in chemical technology, biotechnology, chemistry, applications in computer technology, applications of mathematics, also materials science and the field of physics and astronomy. The patent research methodology is based on conducting searches through a combination keywords, and IPC indexes. Statistical analysis of patent documents selected because of the search illustrates the main conclusions regarding inventive activity in the research area by IPC indices years of priority, countries.
Gravitational influence on the frequency-time characteristics of GLONASS navigation satellites onboard clocks
Authors: Alekseytsev S. A. , Bader V. K. , Rachkov V. D. , Tolstikov A. S.
Published: October 2022

The paper considers one of the ways to improve the global navigation satellite system (GNSS) GLONASS by introducing into the regular constellation of navigation spacecraft (NSV) a high-orbit segment of satellites, for which the height at apogee significantly exceeds the height at perigee, as well as satellites with geosynchronous orbits. Such improvement of the space constellation of the navigation system allows to achieve an increase in the quality of navigation information for consumers. The issue of using inter-satellite measurements (ISM) with the aim of increasing the information content of trajectory measurements of satellites is considered. This achieves a reduction in the time interval between ephemeris-temporal support (ETS) bookmarks to 2 hours. The influence of factors of relativistic and non-relativistic nature on the ephemeris-time parameters of the high-orbit space complex (HEC) is considered, where special attention is paid to the influence of the gravitational potential.
Investigation of the transfer of a unit of electrical capacity at the frequency of 300 MHz from GPSE GET 107-2019
Authors: Zagainov S. D. , Mandrueva A. E. , Ulyanov E. Yu. , Ryabchinsky D. V. , Shilov A. M.
Published: October 2022

A study of the transfer of a unit of electrical capacity at frequency of 300 MHz, implemented on a reference setup, which is part of the state primary special standard of the unit of electrical capacity GET 107-2019, was carried out. As a result of the study, it was found that the characteristics of the reference installation at a frequency of 300 MHz allow the transfer a unit of electrical capacity with a relative extended uncertainty of the measurement result of no more than 2∙10, which exceeds the capabilities of national standards of other countries.
Validación de la versión española del NEO-FFI-30
Authors: Fumero Ascensión , De Miguel Adelia
Published: October 2022

En este estudio se analizaron las propiedades psicométricas de la versión española del Inventario de Cinco Factores NEO de treinta items (NEO-FFI-30) en un total de 2096 adultos (61.55% mujeres) con edades comprendidas entre los 18 y los 71 años. Se analizó la validación cruzada de la estructura factorial mediante un análisis factorial exploratorio de Ejes Principales (PAF) y un Análisis Factorial Confirmatorio (AFC). El PAF reprodujo la estructura original del NEO-FFI-30 y el AFC mostró un ajuste satisfactorio de los modelos monofactoriales para las cinco dimensiones. Los resultados apoyan la hipótesis de que el conjunto abreviado de 30 ítems del FFI puede utilizarse eficazmente para evaluar el modelo de personalidad de cinco factores de forma fiable y válida, y con capacidad convergente, diferencial y concurrente con respecto al malestar clínico y psicológico. La versión española del NEO-FFI-30-SF es un instrumento robusto para medir las cinco dimensiones de la personalidad.
The Impact Of The United States Foreign Policy During The Donald Trump Government On Global Climate Governance
Authors: Darmelia Puspita Sari Dwi Ardyanti,
Published: October 2022

The problem of climate change is one of the most crucial issues today. The various impacts that have occurred due to climate change have increased the world community's awareness of the effects in the future. This was exacerbated by the existence of U.S. foreign policy when the Trump administration voted to exit the Paris Agreement. The lack of research into the impact of the U.S withdrawal from the Paris Agreement on tackling global climate issues has prompted the study. This paper will analyze the impact of what has arisen from the U.S withdrawal from the Paris Agreement during the Trump administration, using foreign policy theory in interpreting the actions or policies taken by Donald Trump in the withdrawal from the Paris Agreement, the constructivist approach used in analyzing international regime formation as a social construct, the concept of climate governance in analyzing the impacts that occur, and the Theory of International Regimes initiated by Stephen Krasner examines the world's climate change regime. The method used in this research is a qualitative research method with explanative writing techniques. This study shows that there are three significant impacts resulting from the Withdrawal of the United States from the Paris Agreement, among others, the increase in global emissions that are bad for the environment, which is indicated by increased activity that produces gas emissions in the United States region. Second is the decline of climate finance mechanisms that will affect the quality of climate change reports produced. Third, this withdrawal will also affect global climate governance, which will affect the compliance of member countries to the agreement.
Green Marketing And Climate Change: The Case Of Starbucks Indonesia
Authors: Ali Maksum Fauzil Azmi,
Published: October 2022

his journal examines the contribution of the Starbucks company to environmentally friendly issues that have an impact on climate change, especially Starbucks Indonesia. This journal aims to describe and analyze why and to what extent Starbucks Indonesia contributes to environmentally friendly issues. As we all know, climate change is a big challenge for Indonesia and the world. Starting from temperature changes, changes in rainfall patterns, drought and lack of clean water, extreme weather changes, to rising sea levels, climate change occurs due to increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere such as carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrogen oxides (N2O). To complete the data, this research will be enriched with primary data in the form of interviews and field observations at a Starbucks Indonesia company and use library research data collection techniques by utilizing secondary data collected from libraries, books, journals, articles, print media, electronic media, and websites. The descriptive-analytical approach was used to collect and analyze the data. The analysis of this research uses green theory and green marketing to find out why and to what extent Starbucks Indonesia's contribution contributes to environmentally friendly issues. Environmental issues are issues all over the world that often arise. Governments, organizations, and some groups have been actively holding business companies to account regarding environmental damage such as unusual climate change, global warming, natural resource degradation, and population. In this case, the aim is for consumers to have significant environmental awareness and become more concerned with green products and contribute to a green environment.
Global urban exposure projections to extreme heatwaves
Authors: Marcotullio Peter J. , Keßler Carsten , Fekete Balázs M.
Published: October 2022

Over the past decades, the world has experienced increasing heatwave intensity, frequency, and duration. This trend is projected to increase into the future with climate change. At the same time, the global population is also projected to increase, largely in the world’s cities. This urban growth is associated with increased heat in the urban core, compared to surrounding areas, exposing residents to both higher temperatures and more intense heatwaves than their rural counterparts. Regional studies suggest that Asia and Africa will be significantly affected. How many people may be exposed to levels of extreme heat events in the future remains unclear. Identifying the range in number of potentially exposed populations and where the vulnerable are located can help planners prioritize adaption efforts. We project the ranges of population exposed to heatwaves at varying levels to 2,100 for three future periods of time (2010–2039, 2040–2069, 2070–2099) using the Shared Socio-Economic Pathways (SSPs) and the Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs). We hypothesize that the largest populations that will be exposed to very warm heatwaves are located in Asia and Africa. Our projections represent the warmest heatwaves for 15 days during these three periods. By the 2070–2099 period, the exposure levels to extreme heatwaves (>42°) exceed 3.5 billion, under the sustainability scenario (RCP2.6-SSP1). The number of those exposed in cities climbs with greater projected climate change. The largest shares of the exposed populations are located in Southern Asia and tropical countries Western and Central Africa. While this research demonstrates the importance of this type of climate change event, urban decision-makers are only recently developing policies to address heat. There is an urgent need for further research in this area.
Scoping carbon dioxide removal options for Germany–What is their potential contribution to Net-Zero CO2?
Authors: Borchers Malgorzata , Thrän Daniela , Chi Yaxuan , Dahmen Nicolaus , Dittmeyer Roland , Dolch Tobias , Dold Christian , Förster Johannes , Herbst Michael , Heß Dominik , Kalhori Aram , Koop-Jakobsen Ketil , Li Zhan , Mengis Nadine , Reusch Thorsten B. H. , Rhoden Imke , Sachs Torsten , Schmidt-Hattenberger Cornelia , Stevenson Angela , Thoni Terese , Wu Jiajun , Yeates Christopher
Published: October 2022

In its latest assessment report the IPCC stresses the need for carbon dioxide removal (CDR) to counterbalance residual emissions to achieve net zero carbon dioxide or greenhouse gas emissions. There are currently a wide variety of CDR measures available. Their potential and feasibility, however, depends on context specific conditions, as among others biophysical site characteristics, or availability of infrastructure and resources. In our study, we selected 13 CDR concepts which we present in the form of exemplary CDR units described in dedicated fact sheets. They cover technical CO2 removal (two concepts of direct air carbon capture), hybrid solutions (six bioenergy with carbon capture technologies) and five options for natural sink enhancement. Our estimates for their CO2 removal potentials in 2050 range from 0.06 to 30 million tons of CO2, depending on the option. Ten of the 13 CDR concepts provide technical removal potentials higher than 1 million tons of CO2 per year. To better understand the potential contribution of analyzed CDR options to reaching net-zero CO2 emissions, we compare our results with the current CO2 emissions and potential residual CO2 emissions in 2050 in Germany. To complement the necessary information on technology-based and hybrid options, we also provide an overview on possible solutions for CO2 storage for Germany. Taking biophysical conditions and infrastructure into account, northern Germany seems a preferable area for deployment of many concepts. However, for their successful implementation further socio-economic analysis, clear regulations, and policy incentives are necessary.