bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The role of histological subtypes in the survival of patients diagnosed with cutaneous or mucosal melanoma in the United States of America
Authors: Tabatabai Mohammad A. , Bahri Nader , Matthews-Juarez Patricia , Alcendor Donald , Cooper Robert , Juarez Paul , Ramesh Aramandla , Tabatabai Niki , Singh Karan P. , Wilus Derek
Published: June 2023

Background

Literature presents limited information on histological subtypes and their association with other factors influencing the survival of melanoma patients. To explore the risk of death due to melanoma associated with histological subtypes, this retrospective study used the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program (SEER) data from 1998 to 2019.

Methods

A total of 27,532 patients consisting of 15,527 males and 12,005 females. The Hypertabastic Accelerated Failure Time model was used to analyze the impact of histology on the survival of patients with cutaneous or mucosal melanoma.

Results

The median survival time (MST) for cutaneous patients was 149 months, whereas those diagnosed with mucosal melanoma was 34 months. Nodular melanoma had a hazard ratio of 3.40 [95% CI: (2.94, 3.94)] compared to lentigo maligna melanoma. Across all histological subtypes, females had a longer MST, when compared to males. The hazard ratio (HR) of distant to localized melanoma was 9.56 [95% CI: (7.58, 12.07)].

Conclusions

Knowledge of patients’ histological subtypes and their hazard assessment would enable clinicians and healthcare providers to perform personalized treatment, resulting in a lower risk of complication and higher survivability of melanoma patients. Significant factors were stage of the disease, age, histology, sex, and income. Focus should be placed on high-risk populations with severe and aggressive histological subtypes. Programs that emphasize preventive measures such as awareness, education, and early screening could reduce risk.
Association of red blood cell distribution width-to-albumin ratio with mortality in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement
Authors: Meng Limin , Yang Hua , Xin Shuanli , Chang Chao , Liu Lijun , Gu Guoqiang
Published: June 2023

Background

Frailty is associated with poor prognosis in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). The red blood cell distribution width (RDW)-to-albumin ratio (RAR) reflects key components of frailty. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between RAR and all-cause mortality in patients undergoing TAVR.

Methods

The data were extracted from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV database. The RAR was computed by dividing the RDW by the albumin. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality within 1-year following TAVR. The association between RAR and the primary outcome was evaluated using the Kaplan-Meier survival curves, restricted cubic spline (RCS), and Cox proportional hazard regression models.

Results

A total of 760 patients (52.9% male) with a median age of 84.0 years were assessed. The Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed that patients with higher RAR had higher mortality (log-rankP <0.001). After adjustment for potential confounders, we found that a 1 unit increase in RAR was associated with a 46% increase in 1-year mortality (HR = 1.46, 95% CI:1.22–1.75,P< 0.001). According to the RAR tertiles, high RAR (RAR > 4.0) compared with the low RAR group (RAR < 3.5) significantly increased the risk of 1-year mortality (HR = 2.21, 95% CI: 1.23–3.95,P= 0.008). The RCS regression model revealed a continuous linear relationship between RAR and all-cause mortality. No significant interaction was observed in the subgroup analysis.

Conclusion

The RAR is independently associated with all-cause mortality in patients treated with TAVR. The higher the RAR, the higher the mortality. This simple indicator may be helpful for risk stratification of TAVR patients.
Cover cropping impacts on soil water and carbon in dryland cropping system
Authors: Zhang Hanlu , Ghahramani Afshin , Ali Aram , Erbacher Andrew
Published: June 2023

Incorporating cover crops into the rotation is a practice applied across many parts of the globe to enhance soil biological activities. In dryland farming, where crop production is highly dependent on rainfall and soil water storage, cover cropping can affect soil water, yet its effects on soil hydrological and biological health require further investigation. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different timing of summer sorghum cover crop termination on soil water, total and labile organic carbon, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and their mediating effects on wheat yield. Through on-farm trial, soil characteristics along with wheat biomass, yield and grain quality were monitored. In comparison with the control (fallow), the early terminated cover crop was the most effective at retaining greater soil water at wheat sowing by 1~4% in 0–45cm soil profile. An increase in water use efficiency, yield and grain protein by 10%, 12% and 5% was observed under early termination. Under late terminated summer cover crop, there was 7% soil water depletion at wheat planting which resulted in 61% decline in yield. However, late-terminated cover crop achieved the greatest gain in soil total and particulate organic carbon by 17% and 72% and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal Group A and B concentration by 356% and 251%. Summer cover crop incorporation resulted in a rapid gain in labile organic carbon, which constituted hotspots for arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi growth, conversely, fungal activities increased labile organic carbon availability. The combined effect of increased soil water at sowing and over the growing season, organic carbon, and microbial activities contributed to greater yield. The findings suggest that summer cover cropping with timely termination can have implications in managing soil water at sowing time and enhancing soil water storage during the season, soil carbon, and facilitating microbial activities while enhancing productivity in the dryland cropping system.
The PRMT5/WDR77 complex restricts hepatitis E virus replication
Authors: Ju Xiaohui , Yu Yanying , Ren Wenlin , Dong Lin , Meng Xianbin , Deng Haiteng , Nan Yuchen , Ding Qiang
Published: June 2023

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is one of the main pathogenic agents of acute hepatitis in the world. The mechanism of HEV replication, especially host factors governing HEV replication is still not clear. Here, using HEV ORF1 trans-complementation cell culture system and HEV replicon system, combining with stable isotope labelling with amino acids in cell culture (SILAC) and mass spectrometry (MS), we aimed to identify the host factors regulating HEV replication. We identified a diversity of host factors associated with HEV ORF1 protein, which were putatively responsible for viral genomic RNA replication, in these two cell culture models. Of note, the protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5)/WDR77 complex was identified in both cell culture models as the top hit. Furthermore, we demonstrated that PRMT5 and WDR77 can specifically inhibit HEV replication, but not other viruses such as HCV or SARS-CoV-2, and this inhibition is conserved among different HEV strains and genotypes. Mechanistically, PRMT5/WDR77 can catalyse methylation of ORF1 on its R458, impairing its replicase activity, and virus bearing R458K mutation in ORF1 relieves the restriction of PRMT5/WDR77 accordingly. Taken together, our study promotes more comprehensive understanding of viral infections but also provides therapeutic targets for intervention.
Fashion in Copenhagen films and TV shows
Authors: Sark Katrina
Published: June 2023

This article examines the representations of fashion and clothing through the history of Copenhagen films and TV shows. Because a comprehensive study of Copenhagen media does not yet exist, we have reviewed, compiled and analysed many examples of historical and contemporary films and television shows that have a special relationship with the city and its fashion. We examine the ways in which the city is mediated, how various film genres (including social realism, historical costume dramas and contemporary lifestyle dramas) and TV shows (ranging from historical and political dramas to Nordic noir crime series) use the characters’ clothing as signifiers and representations of class, careers, lifestyles and identities. The clothing and fashion in these works reveal many underlying cultural messages, motivations of the characters, as well as important social, cultural and political commentary on the city as a microcosm for society at large. Our methodology is grounded in cultural history, fashion history and media analysis, with a particular attention to the cultural, political and urban transformations in Copenhagen over the decades, and the role fashion plays in the city’s cultural landscape.
Containerization and its Architectures: A Study
Authors: Verma Satya Bhushan , Pandey Brijesh , Kumar Gupta Bineet
Published: June 2023

Containerization is a technique for lightweight virtualization of programs in cloud computing, which leads to the widespread use of cloud computing. It has a positive impact on both the development and deployment of software. Containers can be divided into two groups based on their setup. The Application Container and the System Container are two types of containers. A container is a user-space that is contained within another container, while a system container is a user-space that is contained within another container. This study compares and contrasts several container architectures and their organization in micro-hosting environments for containers.
A Novel Framework for Ancient Text Translation Using Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Verma Shikha , Gupta Neha , B C Anil , Chauhan Rosey
Published: June 2023

Ancient script has been a repository of knowledge, culture and civilization history. In order to have a greater access to the valuable information present in the ancient scripts, an appropriate translation system needs to be developed keeping complexity and very less knowledge of the script available in consideration. In this study, a translation and prediction system has been implemented using Artificial Intelligence. The training has been developed using Sunda-Dataset and self-generated dataset, whereas the translation from ancient script viz. Sundanese script to English text is done using two layers Recurrent Neural Network. The technique used is compared with an existing translator called IM Translator. The results shows that the BLEU score  is increased by 8% in comparison to IM Translator further WER is decreased  by 10% in contrast to IM Translator.  Furthermore, the N-Gram analysis results indicate 3% to 4% increase in 100% contrast value.
Dual Convolutional Neural Network Classifier with Pyramid Attention Network for Image-Based Kinship Verification
Authors: Rachmadi Reza Fuad , Purnama I Ketut Eddy , Nugroho Supeno Mardi Susiki , Suprapto Yoyon Kusnendar
Published: June 2023

A family is the smallest entity that formed the world with specific characteristics. The characteristics of a family are that the member can/may share some similar DNA and leads to similar physical appearances, including similar facial features. This paper proposed a dual convolutional neural network (CNN) with a pyramid attention network for image-based kinship verification problems. The dual CNN classifier is formed by paralleling the FaceNet CNN architecture followed by family-aware features extraction network and three final fully-connected layers. A channel-wise pyramid attention network is added after the last convolutional layers of FaceNet CNN architecture. The family-aware features extraction network is used to learn family-aware features using the SphereFace loss function. The final features used to classify the kin/non-kin pair are joint aggregation features between the pyramid attention features and family-aware features. At the end of the fully connected layer, a softmax loss layer is attached to learn kinship verification via binary classification problems. To analyze the performance of our proposed classifier, we performed experiments heavily on the Family in The Wild (FIW) kinship verification dataset. The FIW kinship verification dataset is the largest dataset for kinship verification currently available. Experiments of the FIW dataset show that our proposed classifier can achieve the highest average accuracy of 68.05% on a single classifier scenario and 68.73% on an ensemble classifier scenario which is comparable with other state-of-the-art methods.
Towards Abstraction-based Probabilistic Program Analysis
Authors: Szekeres Dániel , Majzik István
Published: June 2023

Probabilistic programs that can represent both probabilistic and non-deterministic choices are useful for creating reliability models of complex safety-critical systems that interact with humans or external systems. Such models are often quite complex, so their analysis can be hindered by state-space explosion. One common approach to deal with this problem is the application of abstraction techniques. We present improvements for an abstraction-refinement scheme for the analysis of probabilistic programs, aiming to improve the scalability of the scheme by adapting modern techniques from qualitative software model checking, and make the analysis result more reliable using better convergence checks. We implemented and evaluated the improvements in our Theta model checking framework.
Perceptions of an AI-based Translator and its Application by Pre-Service EFL Teachers
Authors:   Center For Educational Research, Kim Chae-Eun
Published: June 2023

Purpose: This present study was to investigate how pre-service English as a foreign language (EFL)teachers perceive AI-based machine translation systems (KEMSs) as a learning/teaching tool. Methods: The 54 EFL learners taking English syntax courses in the department of English Educationparticipated in an online survey which included 20 items quantitatively measured on a Likert scaleand four open questions. The research questions addressed three areas: (1) students’experiences withmachine translation (MT); (2) teachers’perceptions of using MT to teach English; and (3) their plansfor using MT as future English teachers. Results: The main findings are as follows: First, the students in this study actively utilized the MTs,especially in English writing and reading comprehension classes. The study also related that the useof MTs helped them to improve their English language skills. Second, the students mostly consideredthe results of the MTs as reliable, but the teachers revealed that the use of MTs would have a negativeimpact on future students' English learning. Finally, the teacher-participants had plans to actively useMTs in their future classes and were aware of the advantages and disadvantages of using MTs inclassroom settings. Conclusion: This study showed that future English teachers have positive perceptions of using machinetranslations to improve English writing and reading skills in foreign language learning; however, theyalso think their future students will lose the chance to use the language for successful learning. Considering these findings, the present work examined pedagogical implications for pre-service teachersand suggests how to apply information and communication technology (ICT)-based teaching aids inEnglish education.
Exploring Educational Content Found in Modern Historical Landscapes in Integrated Social Studies Education
Authors:   Center For Educational Research, Chun Ha-Eun , Han Ji-Eun
Published: June 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to propose Integrated Social Studies Education using issuesrelated to the place memory found in modern historical landscapes. Methods: Conducted literature research, field surveys, and analyzed the national curriculum alongwith the contents of education. Results: Currently, different methods have seen proposed and many regions have seen a positive andmodern transformation of negative place memories related t``o colonial rule based on the formationof regional identity. In this study, issues about modern historical landscapes in which colonial andmodern memories compete were applied to the Integrated Social Studies Education. This researchstudy proposed a teaching plan to utilize the concept of landscapes of new cultural geography andexamples of conflicts about place memories as parts of cultural education Integrated Social Studies. Conclusion: This subject involved integrated thinking. The research finding are thus suitable for dealingwith disputes over modern historical landscapes in a unified society. This study has educationalsignificance in that it focused on the reproduction of memories in history by geographical landscapes,and specifically suggesting a new understanding of the problems of the existing modern historicallandscapes, Nevertheless, this study has limitations with respect to the anti-Japanese struggle andethnocentric descriptions.
Decolonising the Library – in Deutschland?
Authors: Schürer Yvonne
Published: June 2023

Das Begriffsverständnis von Dekolonialisierung, die Schnittstelle von dekolonialer Theorie mit dem Bibliothekswesen und mögliche Handlungsoptionen in informationsvermittelnden Einrichtungen sind Inhalte dieses Artikels. Mithilfe eines Sachstands- und Literaturberichts werden begriffliche Interpretations- und Deutungsschwierigkeiten erläutert. Eine typenbildende Inhaltsanalyse führt zur Entwicklung eines Kategoriensystems der ermittelten Handlungsmöglichkeiten. Insgesamt werden neun Kategorien definiert und durch zugehörige Anwendungsbeispiele ergänzt.
Mach–Zehnder interferometric analysis of planar polymer waveguide having an adlayer of WS2 for biosensing applications
Authors: Upadhyay Abhishek , Yadav Chandan Singh , Singh Vivek
Published: June 2023

To enhance the sensing performance of a four-layer planar polymer optical waveguide, an adlayer of tungsten disulfide material is introduced. Also, the proposed waveguide is used to demonstrate theoretically the detection of uric acid concentration in blood or urine. The heterostructure of two-dimensional WS2 offers excellent dry lubricity with respect to any other 2D substance, such as graphite or molybdenum disulfide. The proposed waveguide is analyzed using the common path Mach–Zehnder interferometric method. The dispersion characteristic i.e., the effective refractive indices and thickness of proposed waveguide is plotted for a particular wavelength range to optimize the thickness of film layer. The difference in propagation constant and output interference signal for changing the cover medium is calculated. Using the output interference signal, the phase sensitivity 213 degree/RIU is obtained in the proposed waveguide. The maximum obtained sensitivity, limit of detection and limit of quantification for uric acid concentration in the proposed waveguide structure is 6.86 × 10−2 degree mM−1, 0.061 mM and 0.203 mM, respectively.
Virtue, Wide Duties, and Casuistry. On why there is aDoctrine of Methodin Kant’sDoctrine of Virtue
Authors: Schmidt Elke Elisabeth
Published: June 2023

This paper deals primarily with theDoctrine of Method(DM) of Kant’sDoctrine of Virtue. First, I present an overview of theDM(1.1) and an explanation of how it is possible to teach virtue (1.2). Second, I address the following issues: Why is aDMnecessary at all (2.1)? How does theDMrelate to what Kant calls casuistry (2.2)? I will argue that wide duties have two essential characteristics: They command the right kind of moral motivation in terms of a moral maxim, and they allow for latitude. The fact that wide duties command the right kind of motivation leads to theDM; the latitude of wide duties, however, leads to casuistry. To unfold this interpretation, it must also be shown that both imperfect and perfect duties are wide duties.
Midazolam impedes lung carcinoma cell proliferation and migration via EGFR/MEK/ERK signaling pathway
Authors: Zhang Xiangchao , Han Zhe , Li Zhengjun , Wang Tao
Published: June 2023

Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a dominating type of lung cancer with high morbidity and mortality. Midazolam has been reported to promote cell apoptosis in NSCLC, but the molecular mechanism of midazolam remains to be further explored. In the current work, cell viability, proliferation, migration, and apoptosis rates of NSCLC cells treated with midazolam were measured using cell counting kit-8 assay, 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine (EdU) and colony formation assays, transwell, and flow cytometry assay, respectively, to evaluate the malignant behaviors. Western blot was applied to access EGFR/MEK/ERK pathway-related protein levels. The results demonstrated midazolam significantly declined the viability of NSCLC cells. Furthermore, midazolam restrained cell proliferation and migration and contributed to cell apoptosis in NSCLC. Midazolam exerted suppressive function to EGFR pathway during NSCLC development. Moreover, the activation of EGFR/MEK/ERK pathway abrogated the effects of midazolam on NSCLC cell proliferation, apoptosis, and migration. Taken together, midazolam exhibited anti-tumor effects hallmarked by EGFR pathway inhibition, providing a novel insight into the treatment of NSCLC.
Crystal structure of N-(diaminomethylene)-1-(dimethylamino)-1-iminiomethanaminium dichloride, C4H13Cl2N5
Authors: Xia Yu-Pei
Published: June 2023

C4H13Cl2N5, monoclinic, P21 (no. 4), a = 7.1868(6) Å, b = 5.8408(4) Å, c = 12.6534(11) Å, β = 

105.134

(
2
)

∘

$105.134{(2)}^{\circ }$

, V = 512.73(7) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0354, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0961, T = 298 K.
Media and the Sacralization of Leaders and Events: The Construction of a Religious Public Sphere
Authors: Coman Mihai
Published: June 2023

This study aims to demonstrate that media can achieve a religious construction of an event or issue and set the public sphere in a religious frame through the sacralization of events and persons. This perspective can be supported empirically by the studies showing the way in which mass media framed different events in a religious imaginary and language and proposed this image as a frame for public sphere debates and theoretically by the concepts of media events, mediatization, ritualization, and sacralization, in order to reveal the processes through which the translation from a secular discourse to a religious discourse is produced. Under certain circumstances, mass media work as an “as if” (metaphoric) religion, and the events are presented through a religious frame – through themes and figures that come from the religious sacred narratives. Journalists accomplish this by setting events and leaders within the symbolic frame specific to religion: within this framework, those who report the facts are using narratives close to hagiographic stories, and by this, they are accomplishing the sacralization of these events. This enables journalists to exert a “ritual mastery” over presenting the events and imposing its significations.
Surface and foaming properties of an anionic CO2-switchable tail surfactant
Authors: Benedix Robin R. , Poole Hailey , Zauser Diana , Preisig Natalie , Jessop Philip G. , Stubenrauch Cosima
Published: June 2023

CO2-switchable materials in general and CO2-switchable surfactants in particular are of great interest in environmental research. There is a great potential to make processes more environmentally friendly by enhancing reusability and circularity and thus reducing material costs and energy consumption by replacing common non-switchable surfactants with their switchable counterparts. Inspired by this, the present work deals with the surface and foaming properties of aqueous solutions of the novel anionic CO2-switchable tail surfactant sodium 4-(methyl(octyl)amino)butane-1-sulfonate. In the presence of N2, the unprotonated surfactant is able to stabilize foams. By switching, i.e. by protonating the CO2-responsive trialkyl amine group in the surfactants hydrocarbon chain, the amphiphilic nature of the surfactant is reduced which is indicated by an increase of the plateau surface tension and a higher CMC compared to the non-protonated surfactant. Furthermore, the ability of the protonated surfactant to stabilize foams is reduced.
Crystal structure of the ternary silicide ErNi4.04Si0.96
Authors: Belan Bohdana , Dzevenko Mariya , Kowalska Dorota A. , Gladyshevskii Roman
Published: June 2023

The ternary silicide ErNi4.04Si0.96 was synthesized by arc-melting of stoichiometric quantities of the elements, and its crystal structure has been determined using single-crystal X-ray diffraction data. The compound crystallizes in the CaCu5 structure type: hexagonal space group P6/mmm, Pearson code hP6, Z = 1; a = 4.874(3), c = 3.959(2) Å, V = 81.5(1) Å3; R1 = 0.0239, wR2 = 0.0503, for 67 independent reflections with I > 2σ(I) and eight variables. The erbium and nickel atoms occupy the crystallographic positions 1a and 2c, respectively. The position 3g is occupied by a mixture of Ni and Si atoms. The structure of this silicide represents a packing of bipyramidal units built from nickel and Ni/Si atoms.
Hydroxyapatite stabilized silver nanoparticles and their catalytic activity
Authors: Shafqat Rabia , Begum Robina , Irfan Ahmad , Farooqi Zahoor H.
Published: June 2023

In the current work, hydroxyapatite (HAP) particles were synthesized by using Citrus Limon. Pectin was extracted from lemon and was used as stabilizing agent during particles synthesis. HAP particles were synthesized by mixing calcium chloride solution and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate solution and pectin in a definite ratio. Fabrication of silver nanoparticles was carried out in the presence of HAP particles to obtain Ag-HAP hybrid particles. HAP and Ag-HAP systems were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), UV–visible spectroscopy (UV–vis), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The catalytic activity of Ag-HAP system was evaluated by reducing 4-nitrophenol and by degrading organic dyes (Rhodamine b, Brilliant blue and Methyl orange). The experimental results showed that Ag-HAP hybrid particles have good catalytic activity and may be used for catalysis of different organic reactions.
Long-Term Effects of Preterm Birth on Children’s Brain Structure: An Analysis of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study
Authors: Nath Niloy , Beltrano Winnica , Haynes Logan , Dewey Deborah , Bray Signe
Published: June 2023

Approximately 10% of births are preterm [PTB; <37 weeks gestational age (GA)], which confers risk for cognitive, behavioral, and mental health challenges. Using the large and relatively diverse (i.e., designed to reflect sociodemographic variation in the United States population) Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study (ABCD Study), we characterized the impact of PTB on brain structure in middle-late childhood (9–10 years). The ABCD sample covers the GA spectrum, and the large sample size (∼11,500) permits consideration of how associations between PTB and brain structure are impacted by GA, sex, birthweight, and analytic choices such as controlling for total brain size. We found a pattern of relative cortical thinning in temporoparietal and dorsal prefrontal regions and thickening of medial prefrontal and occipital regions in PTB compared with children born full term (≥37 weeks GA). This pattern was apparent when controlling for mean thickness and when considering moderate (>32 and <37 weeks GA) and very PTB (≤32 weeks GA) separately, relative to full term birth. Surface area (SA) and subcortical volumes showed reductions in PTB children that were largely attenuated when controlling for brain size. Effects on cortical thickness (CT) and surface area were partially mediated by birthweight. Although boys are at increased risk for adverse outcomes following PTB, there was limited evidence of sex differences of PTB effects. Finally, cortical thickness effects estimated in a “discovery” sample (N = 7528) predicted GA in a holdout “replication” sample (N = 2139). Our findings help to clarify the effects of PTB on brain structure into late childhood across the GA spectrum.
Cholinergic Stimulation Modulates the Functional Composition of CA3 Cell Types in the Hippocampus
Authors: Puhl Christopher Jon , Wefelmeyer Winnie , Burrone Juan
Published: June 2023

The functional heterogeneity of hippocampal CA3 pyramidal neurons has emerged as a key aspect of circuit function. Here, we explored the effects of long-term cholinergic activity on the functional heterogeneity of CA3 pyramidal neurons in organotypic slices obtained from male rat brains. Application of agonists to either AChRs generally, or mAChRs specifically, induced robust increases in network activity in the low-gamma range. Prolonged AChR stimulation for 48 h uncovered a population of hyperadapting CA3 pyramidal neurons that typically fired a single, early action potential in response to current injection. Although these neurons were present in control networks, their proportions were dramatically increased following long-term cholinergic activity. Characterized by the presence of a strong M-current, the hyperadaptation phenotype was abolished by acute application of either M-channel antagonists or the reapplication of AChR agonists. We conclude that long-term mAChR activation modulates the intrinsic excitability of a subset of CA3 pyramidal cells, uncovering a highly plastic cohort of neurons that are sensitive to chronic ACh modulation. Our findings provide evidence for the activity-dependent plasticity of functional heterogeneity in the hippocampus.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe large heterogeneity of neuron types in the brain, each with its own specific functional properties, provides the rich cellular tapestry needed to account for the vast diversity of behaviors. By studying the functional properties of neurons in the hippocampus, a region of the brain involved in learning and memory, we find that exposure to the neuromodulator acetylcholine can alter the relative number of functionally defined neuron types. Our findings suggest that the heterogeneity of neurons in the brain is not a static feature but can be modified by the ongoing activity of the circuits to which they belong.
Behavioral State-Dependent Modulation of Prefrontal Cortex Activity by Respiration
Authors: Folschweiller Shani , Sauer Jonas-Frederic
Published: June 2023

Respiration-rhythmic oscillations in the local field potential emerge in the mPFC, a cortical region with a key role in the regulation of cognitive and emotional behavior. Respiration-driven rhythms coordinate local activity by entraining fast γ oscillations as well as single-unit discharges. To what extent respiration entrainment differently engages the mPFC network in a behavioral state-dependent manner, however, is not known. Here, we compared the respiration entrainment of mouse PFC local field potential and spiking activity (23 male and 2 female mice) across distinct behavioral states: during awake immobility in the home cage (HC), during passive coping in response to inescapable stress under tail suspension (TS), and during reward consumption (Rew). Respiration-driven rhythms emerged during all three states. However, prefrontal γ oscillations were more strongly entrained by respiration during HC than TS or Rew. Moreover, neuronal spikes of putative pyramidal cells and putative interneurons showed significant respiration phase-coupling throughout behaviors with characteristic phase preferences depending on the behavioral state. Finally, while phase-coupling dominated in deep layers in HC and Rew conditions, TS resulted in the recruitment of superficial layer neurons to respiration. These results jointly suggest that respiration dynamically entrains prefrontal neuronal activity depending on the behavioral state.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe mPFC, through its extensive connections (e.g., to the amygdala, the striatum, serotoninergic and dopaminergic nuclei), flexibly regulates cognitive behaviors. Impairment of prefrontal functions can lead to disease states, such as depression, addiction, or anxiety disorders. Deciphering the complex regulation of PFC activity during defined behavioral states is thus an essential challenge. Here, we investigated the role of a prefrontal slow oscillation that has recently attracted rising interest, the respiration rhythm, in modulating prefrontal neurons during distinct behavioral states. We show that prefrontal neuronal activity is differently entrained by the respiration rhythm in a cell type- and behavior-dependent manner. These results provide first insight into the complex modulation of prefrontal activity patterns by rhythmic breathing.
Integrin-Driven Axon Regeneration in the Spinal Cord Activates a Distinctive CNS Regeneration Program
Authors: Cheah Menghon , Cheng Yuyan , Petrova Veselina , Cimpean Anda , Jendelova Pavla , Swarup Vivek , Woolf Clifford J. , Geschwind Daniel H. , Fawcett James W.
Published: June 2023

The peripheral branch of sensory dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons regenerates readily after injury unlike their central branch in the spinal cord. However, extensive regeneration and reconnection of sensory axons in the spinal cord can be driven by the expression of α9 integrin and its activator kindlin-1 (α9k1), which enable axons to interact with tenascin-C. To elucidate the mechanisms and downstream pathways affected by activated integrin expression and central regeneration, we conducted transcriptomic analyses of adult male rat DRG sensory neurons transduced with α9k1, and controls, with and without axotomy of the central branch. Expression of α9k1 without the central axotomy led to upregulation of a known PNS regeneration program, including many genes associated with peripheral nerve regeneration. Coupling α9k1 treatment with dorsal root axotomy led to extensive central axonal regeneration. In addition to the program upregulated by α9k1 expression, regeneration in the spinal cord led to expression of a distinctive CNS regeneration program, including genes associated with ubiquitination, autophagy, endoplasmic reticulum (ER), trafficking, and signaling. Pharmacological inhibition of these processes blocked the regeneration of axons from DRGs and human iPSC-derived sensory neurons, validating their causal contributions to sensory regeneration. This CNS regeneration-associated program showed little correlation with either embryonic development or PNS regeneration programs. Potential transcriptional drivers of this CNS program coupled to regeneration include Mef2a, Runx3, E2f4, and Yy1. Signaling from integrins primes sensory neurons for regeneration, but their axon growth in the CNS is associated with an additional distinctive program that differs from that involved in PNS regeneration.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTRestoration of neurologic function after spinal cord injury has yet to be achieved in human patients. To accomplish this, severed nerve fibers must be made to regenerate. Reconstruction of nerve pathways has not been possible, but recently, a method for stimulating long-distance axon regeneration of sensory fibers in rodents has been developed. This research uses profiling of messenger RNAs in the regenerating sensory neurons to discover which mechanisms are activated. This study shows that the regenerating neurons initiate a novel CNS regeneration program which includes molecular transport, autophagy, ubiquitination, and modulation of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The study identifies mechanisms that neurons need to activate to regenerate their nerve fibers.
Human performance and safety in nuclear facilities – regulatory frameworks
Authors: Pavão Stephanie , Das Neves Conti Thadeu
Published: June 2023

The relation between human performance and nuclear safety was legitimized after nuclear accidents with important radiological consequences caused by human errors. This article presents, by a bibliographical survey, some publications of international regulation bodies of best practices in programs of human performance. In order to list the main available documents and the events occurred over the decades, the data sample range included the period between the year of 1979, with the landmark of Three Mile Island accident, until today. With the presentation of the results, this article aims to raise the discussion about the importance of a specific regulation guide regarding this subject in Brazil.
Action Recommendation Model Development for Hydromon Application Using Deep Neural Network (DNN) Method
Authors: Untoro Meida Cahyo , Nugroho Eko Dwi , Praseptiawan Mugi , Afriansyah Aidil , Athalla Muhammad Nadhif
Published: June 2023

Controlling hydroponic plants, which is currently being carried outmanually, can be said to be less effective because it still involves thehard work of farmers to continuously monitor the condition of thehydroponic plants. Therefore, the general objective of this research isto develop a model that can be used as a recommendation system foractions that farmers need to take based on hydroponic crop conditions.The model formed with this machine learning method will then beused in the Hydromon application which allows farmers to manageand monitor the condition of hydroponic plants and take action basedon the recommendations given. This model was developed using adeep neural network algorithm consisting of five layers with the helpof the TensorFlow framework. The results show that the model isaccurate with an accuracy value of 96.47% on the test data to classifyplant conditions so that it can be used in the Hydromon application.
Smart Greenhouse Design Based Internet of Things (IoT) With Microcontroller Arduino Uno
Authors: Natonis Maria Marli , Manu Lidia Lestari Kitu , Amleni Priska Maria Cicilia , Nababan Darsono , Kelen Yoseph P.K , Sucipto Willy
Published: June 2023

not spread evenly among the people. Most people still use traditional methods and depend on the uncertain climate to meet their food needs, such as vegetables and fruits. Based on this, an Internet of Things (IoT) based Smart Greenhouse Design with Arduino Uno Microcontroller was created as a solution that is expected to help make it easier for farmers to cultivate plants. The greenhouse is a building that has the function to protect plants from external disturbances such as pests, heavy rain, strong winds, and excessive humidity. Meanwhile, what is called a smart greenhouse that uses technology such as the Internet of Things (IoT), is designed to automatically monitoring uses the Arduino Uno microcontroller as the control center for each sensor used, namely DHT22 (air temperature and humidity sensor), Soil Moisture (soil moisture sensor), GUVA-S12SD (UV light intensity sensor). The sensor will obtain the required data and will be automatically sent to the server (blynk application) with the help of ESP8266 (wifi module). The method used in this study is engineering design in the manufacture of the automation system. The results of this research are in the form of a smart greenhouse that can regulate, adjust, and modify the climate to optimize the conditions and processes of plant growth in the greenhouse equipment through microcontrollers and monitoring devices such as sensors and can be controlled remotely via mobile phones or computers everywhere.
Community Validation of an Approach to Detect Delayed Diagnosis of Appendicitis in Big Databases
Authors: Michelson Kenneth A. , McGarghan Finn L. E. , Waltzman Mark L. , Samuels-Kalow Margaret E. , Bachur Richard G.
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND

Detection of delayed diagnosis using administrative databases may illuminate the healthcare settings at highest risk. A method for detection of delays in claims has been validated in children’s hospitals. We sought to further validate the method in community emergency departments (EDs).

METHODS

We studied patients <21 years old diagnosed with appendicitis from 2008 to 2019 in 8 eastern Massachusetts EDs. Eligible patients had 2 ED encounters within 7 days, the second with an appendicitis diagnosis. Delayed diagnosis was evaluated in medical records by trained reviewers. A previously validated trigger tool was applied to participants’ electronic medical record data. The tool used data elements included in administrative data, including initial encounter diagnoses, time between encounters, presence of medical complexity, and ultimate length of stay. The tool assigned a probability of delayed diagnosis for each patient. Test characteristics at 4 confidence thresholds were determined, and the area under the receiver operating curve was calculated.

RESULTS

We analyzed 68 children with 2 encounters leading to a diagnosis of appendicitis (i.e., possible delay). When assigning a delayed diagnosis prediction to patients at 4 thresholds of confidence (>0%, >50%, >75%, and >90% confident), the positive predictive values were respectively 74%, 89%, 92%, and 89%; the negative predictive values were respectively 100%, 57%, 50%, and 33%. The area under the receiver operating curve was 0.837 (95% confidence interval 0.719–0.954).

CONCLUSIONS

A trigger tool that identifies delays in diagnosis using only administrative data in community EDs has a high positive predictive value for true delay. The tool may be applied in community EDs.
Evaluación de riesgos (ER) en un terminal de buques tanqueros, basada en la norma ISO-31000:2018 y técnicas cuali-cuantitativas
Authors: López García Miguel , Montes de Oca Rivera Reynaldo , Ramírez Ramírez María
Published: June 2023

Este estudio tiene como propósito evaluar los riesgos de un muelle que forma parte de un terminal de buques tanqueros, la evaluación consideró la norma ISO-31000:2018. En concordancia con el objeto de estudio, se aplicaron las fases: alcance, contexto, criterios y evaluación del riesgo[1]. Se identificaron las siguientes áreas: seguridad y salud ocupacional, ambiente, fenómenos de la naturaleza e integridad de los bienes. Para la fase de identificación se realizó una combinación de técnicas, que incluyó la observación in situ, torbellino de ideas e identificación de peligros (HAZID). En cuanto al análisis, se utilizó el método simplificado de la ER y para la valoración el modelo Tolerabilidad de Riesgo (ToR). Los resultados determinaron el nivel para cada uno de los riesgos, a saber: fuego, explosión, daños corporales, polución por residuos sólidos, polución por residuos líquidos, tormentas tropicales, corrosión y daños a la infraestructura y equipos.
Service quality and brand reputation as antecedents of brand choice: The case of ride-hailing applications in Southeast Asia
Authors: Wardhana Aditya , Pradana Mahir
Published: June 2023

Currently, linked internet ride-sharing services are active in several Southeast Asian nations. This research aimed to investigate the relationships between the various variables by looking at the impact of perceived service quality, perceived value, and brand image on consumer brand preference. Cross-sectional data was used, and a quantitative technique strategy was taken. Customers of online ride-sharing service alliances in Southeast Asia are the subject of the unit analysis, which includes 384 respondents from each of the following countries: Malaysia, Indonesia, Cambodia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam. The representative offices of the die-sharing businesses in our target nations were the distribution points for surveys used in the sampling method, which combined random sampling with purposive sampling. Path analysis is the method of data analysis employed. The results showed that perceptions of service quality, perceived value and brand reputation influence brand choice simultaneously and significantly.
Evaluation of regional sustainable development of selected Chinese provinces
Authors: Cai Jing , Neszmélyi György Iván , Vasa László
Published: June 2023

This study aims to investigate and evaluate the status of sustainable development in the Fujian, Guangdong, and Zhejiang provinces over a decade (2011-2020) using the quantitative analysis approach of the entropy weight TOPSIS method. Based on the 12th and 13th Five-Year Plans, this research analyzes the three provinces' social, economic, and environmental development using data collected from relevant economic and social sectors in China. The findings demonstrate that the sustainable development levels in the respective regions of these three provinces have improved, despite the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic during the study period. Drawing upon the 14th Five-Year Plan promulgated in 2021, the report provides recommendations for future social, economic, and environmental development in the examined region. The study's results have implications for similar regions seeking to achieve sustainable development goals.
The power of financial behavior in emergency funds: Empirical evidence from a developing country
Authors: Nguyen Thi Anh Nhu
Published: June 2023

Emergency funds are considered a buffer against financial shocks, especially for the informal workforce or individuals living in developing countries with lower-middle income. This research investigates the role of financial literacy in emergency funds. Specifically, financial literacy in this research is approached in three aspects financial knowledge, financial behavior, and financial attitude. Logistic and order logistic regression are applied to analyze the data collected from the Southeast region of Vietnam, a developing country in Asia. The results show that those with better financial behavior are more likely to have emergency funds and their savings are adequate to cover 3-month living expenses or more in comparison with those who have worse financial behavior. Furthermore, while the findings emphasize the importance of financial education and income level in establishing an emergency fund, only income level is a crucial determinant of the size of emergency funds. However, financial knowledge and financial attitude are not found to have a statistically significant impact on saving for emergency funds. These findings provide empirical evidence regarding developing countries with lower middle income to support the literature on personal finance and provide policymakers with suggestions on how to improve individuals’ financial behavior and encourage savings for emergency funds.
Human Development Index, good governance practice and export: Evidence from ASEAN countries
Authors: Lukman  , Sujianto Agus Eko , Dwiningtias Kania , Luksita Awani Ceria , Narmaditya Bagus Shandy
Published: June 2023

This study examines the effect of the human development index and good governance practices on exports in several ASEAN countries. The data were collected from some sources, including the United Nations Development Program, World Development Indicator, and Worldwide Governance Indicators, from 2010 to 2021. The acquired data were further estimated using a regression panel. The results indicate that human development has an effect on exports. While some good governance practice variables, including political stability and the absence of violence/terrorism, and regulatory quality can explain exports in several ASEAN countries. However, voice and accountability, government effectiveness, and the rule of law do not affect exports. The analysis shows that, simultaneously, the human development index and good governance practices can have an effect on exports in several ASEAN countries. It helps policymakers identify specific areas where investment is needed to improve economic growth and export competitiveness. Understanding human development and governance practices could boost the trust and confidence of foreign investors and trading partners, hence fostering economic cooperation and integration among ASEAN nations and the global community.