bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Strategic approaches: Practical applications of English communication skills in various real-life scenarios
Authors: Bondarchuk Julia , Dvorianchykova Svitlana , Yuhan Nataliia , Holovenko Krystina
Published: October 2024

The article presents an in-depth overview of a comprehensive study investigating the practical applications of English communication skills across a wide array of real-life scenarios. This research delves into how individuals employ their English proficiency in various domains such as the workplace, travel, education, social settings, online communication, cultural exchanges, personal development, and job interviews. The study examines a diverse range of situations, including presenting in professional meetings, asking for directions while traveling, participating in classroom discussions, making new friends in social contexts, engaging in online forums, attending language exchange programs, pursuing hobbies that require English, and negotiating job-related matters. Data for the study was meticulously gathered from a broad spectrum of online survey participants, encompassing different demographics to ensure a comprehensive analysis of the multifaceted uses of English communication skills in everyday life. The findings of this research underscore the strategic approaches that individuals employ to communicate effectively in English, thereby highlighting the pivotal role of language proficiency in navigating diverse social, professional, and cultural contexts. Moreover, the study sheds light on the nuanced ways in which English is used to facilitate not only basic communication but also to achieve higher-level interactions and goals. It reveals how proficiency in English can significantly enhance one’s ability to integrate into various environments, from academic settings to international travel and professional arenas. The article concludes by emphasizing the pedagogical implications of these findings for language educators and learners. It suggests avenues for further research and advocates for the development of language learning strategies that are finely tuned to meet real-world communication needs. By doing so, it aims to contribute to more effective teaching methodologies that prepare learners to use English confidently and competently in diverse situations.
Science teachers' perceptions of differentiated learning: A survey study
Authors: Winarto Winarto , Kristyaningrum Dwi Hesty , Rahayu Rina , Hayu Wiworo Retnadi Rias , Jumini Sri , Dewi Naomi Dias Laksita
Published: October 2024

Indonesia has implemented an independent curriculum, ‘Merdeka’, and encouraged differentiated learning. The research was conducted from September to April 2023. This study aimed to measure science teachers' perceptions of differentiated learning. This investigation used a survey methodology. The instrument used in this study is an array consisting of twenty items. This survey included 220 science teachers at the primary and secondary education levels. The data were obtained via descriptive statistical analysis. The results of this study indicate that, with regard to the differentiated teaching paradigm, approximately 98% of teachers have a desire and a willingness to teach the concept of differentiated instruction. The teacher ensures that differentiated instruction. A total of 70% of the teachers were able to carry out differentiated learning, and the rest did not apply the method. Interpretation of the data related to differentiated instruction, specifically 70% of the difference in instruction compared to directed instruction, can increase student learning outcomes to a greater degree. A total of 70% of the teachers differentiated learning consistently. However, almost 50% of teachers do not believe that the lessons and assignments at schools are relevant. The teacher believes that differentiated instruction can be implemented, and certain students are capable of implementing the method in differentiated instruction as well as ensuring that it can maximize the potential and results of students' learning in engaging, hands-on learning experiences.
The importance of physiotherapy in women with osteoporosis: an observational study
Authors: Stena Rezarta , Hysenaj Klara , Bani Blerina , Tahiraj Dasantila , Teta Armelda , Gollobërda Behije
Published: October 2024

Osteoporosis is the most prevalent metabolic bone disease, characterized by a gradual decrease in bone mineral density. The aim of this study was to highlight the importance of physiotherapy in women with osteoporosis in the district of Elbasan, Albania. Data from 90 patients (newly diagnosed and previously diagnosed) during the period 2022-2023 were included in the study. The study population was classified into two groups: patients who received only pharmacological treatment and patients who, in addition to medications, underwent physiotherapy sessions and regular physical activity. The data were obtained from medical records and interviews conducted with patients referred to the rheumatologist at the Polyclinic of Specialties, Regional Hospital “Xhaferr Kongoli” Elbasan, as well as from family doctors in primary health care. The statistical program SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences), version 23, was used to analyze the study data. The questionnaire variables were interpreted using a five-point Likert scale. Correlative statistical relationships were evaluated using Pearson Correlation coefficient and the level of reliability (significance). Functional relationships between variables were presented through the mathematical equations of logistic regression. The population group that engaged in regular physical activity and physiotherapy in addition to pharmacological treatment showed a higher degree of functional improvement in their daily activities. The incorporation of physiotherapy procedures for patients with osteoporosis and the restructuring of medical protocols for the prevention and treatment of this disease are considered successful steps in reducing the human and socio-economic costs and the serious impact of fractures on functional abilities.
Seed pretreatment using design of engineering approach for regulating Humulus lupulus seed germination in different media
Authors: Singh Tripti , Mathur Ashwani
Published: October 2024

Humulus lupulus, a plant of commercial benefit, has been widely explored for its therapeutic applications. Plant propagation via seeds is one of the major challenges due to seed dormancy and low germination. The physical dormancy of the seed caused by a hard seed coat makes seeds impervious to water. Different types of methods have been reported to break the seed dormancy. The present study emphasizes the optimized chemical method of seed pretreatment for regulating the germination efficiency in three different media namely, Murashige and Skoog (MS), Hoagland’s media and Leafy 200®. The study explores the interaction between two variables viz., acid treatment time and concentration of sulphuric acid, on germination of Humulus lupulus seeds using the Design of Experiment (DOE) approach. The results showed a higher germination rate in MS media and Leafy200® media (100%) seed germination percentage with respect to Hoagland’s media. The result demonstrates the synergistic role of seed pretreatment and media on the seed germination efficiency. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis of the seeds pretreated with acid revealed small perforations on the seed coat ranging between 5-15 µm. Furthermore, the elemental analysis of the seed coat surface by Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) revealed a substantial decrease in carbon and oxygen (%) and the presence of calcium, magnesium, and sulfur. The results indicate the acid hydrolysis of organic constituents on the seed surface enabling changes in seed porosity. Additionally, factors such as pretreatment and media play a pivotal role in regulating seed germination.
Undergraduate students’ perspectives on the effectiveness of e-learning during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Musa Hadiza , Moses Offor , Joseph Ameh O. , Ajibili Ocheje , Obaka Phoebe H. , Ochijenu Mercy A. , Shaibu Joshua S. , Samuel Enefu M. , Okolo Joseph A. , Emah Sunday S. , Omachonu Clement Gowon , Obera Joy A.
Published: October 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the vulnerability of the educational system to environmental disruptions. This study investigated undergraduate students' perceptions of the effectiveness of e-learning during the pandemic in Nigeria. A sample of 400 randomly selected students participated in the study, using a 32-item structured questionnaire for data collection. Data were analysed using means, standard deviations, and independent samples t-tests. The findings indicated that participants generally had a positive perception of e-learning as a mode of instruction during the COVID-19 lockdown in Nigeria, irrespective of gender. Participants acknowledged both the benefits and challenges of online learning platforms. The results suggest that e-learning has potential among the study participants, and efforts should be made to enhance its development as a complement to traditional face-to-face instruction, improving the learning environment in Nigerian tertiary institutions during emergencies and regular academic sessions.
The role of perceived telemedicine quality in enhancing patient satisfaction during the COVID-19 pandemic: The mediation of telemedicine satisfaction
Authors: Yesilada Figen , Tshala Acacia , Ahmed Japheth , Nwosu Laurine
Published: October 2024

Adopting telemedicine helped countries manage COVID-19, but it comes with several concerns including how to analyze the degree of patient satisfaction. This research explores the use of healthcare technologies to improve patient satisfaction in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to examine the effect of perceived telemedicine quality on patient satisfaction mediated by telemedicine satisfaction. Data was drawn from 384 responses. Data analysis was conducted utilizing PLS-SEM. The results indicate that perceived telemedicine quality has a direct effect on patient satisfaction and telemedicine satisfaction. Telemedicine satisfaction has a direct effect on patient satisfaction. Also,  telemedicine satisfaction was found to have a significant mediation effect between perceived telemedicine quality and patient satisfaction. Overall, using healthcare technologies improved patient satisfaction in the DRC. Implementing educational initiatives to improve patients' and healthcare providers' digital literacy is recommended, particularly in underprivileged and rural regions. This will enable individuals to use healthcare technology, understand its benefits, and navigate the platforms. Additionally, continuous education will ensure that healthcare providers stay informed of the most recent developments and are skilled in applying them for patient care.
Designing classroom game for improving Kirchhoff's second law mastering
Authors: Aji Maulinia Ceisar Aksara , Sajidan Sajidan , Suranto Suranto , Rahardjo Sentot Budi
Published: October 2024

Kirchhoff’s second law is a fundamental concept in electricity and electronics. Therefore, DBR (Design-Based Research) which comprising 3 phases: Analysis, Design and Evaluation, was conducted to support mastery of the law. The sample consisted of 138 first-semester college students. In the Analysis phase, it was found that 63% of the students did not master Kirchhoff’s second law due to the following reasons: 1) They had forgotten about the law (66.3%), 2) The explanation of the law was difficult to understand (30.3%), and 3) They were not motivated to study the law (3.4%). In the Design phase, a classroom game named 'Time Bomb Defusing' was constructed to address these issues. In the game, Kirchhoff’s second law was used by students to identify the secret wires (wires that should be cut) and the decoys (wires that should not be cut) of dummy time bombs to defuse them. In the Evaluation phase, the game was reviewed by the sample, and the results were as follows: 1) Learning Kirchhoff’s second law through the game was perceived as enjoyable (87.7%), indicating that the law would be remembered longer, 2) The explanation in the game about using Kirchhoff’s second law to defuse dummy time bombs was easily understood (69.6%), and 3) Students were interested in using Kirchhoff’s second law to defuse dummy time bombs in the game (93.5%), indicating that the game stimulated their interest in studying the law. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that the 'Time Bomb Defusing' game has the potential to improve mastery of Kirchhoff’s second law.
Beyond traditional boundaries: Exploring the jigsaw method to strengthen academic achievement in biology
Authors: Sharma Sonal , Singh Jay Prakash , Devi Pushpa
Published: October 2024

Cooperative teaching methods have emerged as a significant paradigm shift from traditional teaching methods, highlighting notable benefits that have a profound influence on academic achievement. Guided by previous studies on cooperative teaching methods, we examined the effectiveness of teaching methods (jigsaw vs. lecture-cum-demonstration methods) on the academic achievement of biology among class 11 students. The sample comprised 68 students in class 11. In a school setting, 35 participants were randomly assigned to the experimental group, and 33 were assigned to the control group. The study utilized a quasiexperimental research design to assess the effectiveness of different teaching methods. Specifically, a nonequivalent control group design was employed, comprising one experimental group and one control group. To ensure comparability between the groups in terms of academic performance, Raven's Progressive Matrices Intelligence test score was used as a covariate. The results revealed that class 11 biology students in the experimental group had notably higher test scores than did those in the control group. Additionally, the study revealed that gender did not significantly influence academic achievement in biology for class 11 students when intelligence was used as a covariate.  The academic achievement of class 11 biology students appears to be independent of the interaction between gender and method of teaching. We explicitly demonstrate that the jigsaw technique can enhance the biology achievement of senior secondary school students and can serve as an effective alternative to traditional experimental teaching methods in India.
Integrating water quality model and aeration with IoT technology in water quality management: A conceptual framework
Authors: Mahdzir Mira Mazlina , Yahaya Saifudin Hafiz , Md. Fauadi Muhammad Hafidz Fazli , Yeow Tneh Tze
Published: October 2024

Eutrophication poses a significant threat to both human population growth and aquatic life. It gives rise to a range of issues, including algae blooms, loss of habitat, reduced self-purification capacity, and changes in the biodiversity system. In order to restore the ecosystem, it is imperative to implement water quality management measures to combat eutrophication. Common methods for mitigating eutrophication include the use of water quality models, aeration, and IoT technology. Water quality model simulations have been demonstrated to accurately predict future water quality. Aeration, on the other hand, increases oxygen concentration in water through dispersion. Furthermore, the utilization of IoT in water quality monitoring provides users with precise and real-time data. Despite research findings that suggest the effectiveness of water quality models, aeration, and IoT technologies in addressing eutrophication, their current integration is inadequate. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to develop a conceptual framework that incorporates water quality models, aeration, and IoT technology to regulate water quality, with a specific focus on preventing the eutrophication issue. The conceptual framework was created by studying existing research on frameworks for water treatment, water quality modelling, aerators, and IoT technologies. Several adjustments were made to tailor the general framework to the specific requirements of this study. The discussion emphasizes the advantages of conceptual framework development in managing water quality, which integrates water quality models, aerators, and IoT technologies. This framework is expected to serve as an effective tool for managing eutrophication in water, while also promoting sustainable measures to address water contamination.
Demographic and lifestyle influences on depression, anxiety, and stress among graduate students: An analytical study of mental health outcomes
Authors: Cao Lieu Xuan , Doan Huyen Thi Thu , Pham Quynh Thi
Published: October 2024

This study investigates the frequency and intensity of depression, anxiety, and stress in graduate students, with a specific emphasis on demographic and lifestyle variables. A cohort of 385 postgraduate students successfully administered the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21) and furnished their demographic details. The sample was gender-balanced, with 50.1% male and 49.9% female participants. It comprised students from both urban (47.3%) and rural (52.7%) areas. The marital status distribution was as follows: 84.9% were married, 14.3% were single, and 0.8% were separated, divorced, or widowed. The survey participants were accommodated in three different ways: living with family (36%), staying in dorms (31%), or renting separately (33%). SPSS data analysis indicated that a considerable proportion of individuals suffered psychological discomfort. Specifically, 36.5% reported depression, 39.2% reported anxiety, and 27.8% reported stress. The correlation and regression studies revealed substantial relationships between demographic characteristics, lifestyle habits, and mental health outcomes. Significantly, financial worries, academic demands, and absence of work-life equilibrium were major sources of stress. The results emphasize the immediate requirement for customized mental health interventions in educational institutions. Recommended approaches encompass proactive mental health assessments, easily available therapy services, peer support systems, and programs aimed at enhancing resilience. Tackling these psychological obstacles is crucial for improving the welfare, educational achievements, and career growth of postgraduate students.
Examining collaboration skills and influencing factors among secondary school students with autism spectrum disorder in general education settings
Authors: Do Thao Thi , Phan Long Thanh , Nguyen Hoa Thi , Nguyen Huong Thi Cam , Nguyen An Nu Tam , Nguyen Thuong Hoai
Published: October 2024

The collaboration skills of students with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are receiving increasing attention from educators and parents. Adolescents with ASD often face difficulties in interacting, forming relationships, and solving problems collaboratively with their peers. This study aims to examine the current state of collaboration skills and the factors affecting these skills in secondary school students with ASD who are integrated into general education settings. We conducted a quantitative analysis to assess various dimensions of collaboration among these students. The results indicated that the ability to participate in and accept group assignments was of particular concern (M=2.42, SD=0.21). Similarly, skills related to conflict resolution and emotional regulation were also highlighted (M=2.37, SD=0.45). Additionally, students with ASD who also have other disabilities, such as visual or hearing impairments or motor disabilities, showed the most significant challenges in collaboration skills (M=4.22, SD=1.00), followed by those with severe ASD (M=4.13, SD=1.05). Our findings reveal alarming signs regarding the collaboration skills of students with ASD. These results underscore the need for targeted interventions and educational strategies to support these students effectively. The study provides a basis for educators and parents to propose and implement appropriate measures to support and educate secondary school students with ASD, focusing on enhancing their collaboration skills.
An analysis of high school students perceptions of school culture under the new general education program with emphasis on academic achievement, extracurricular participation, and career guidance: A case in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Tu Thi , Du Nhat Thong , Nguyen Thu Sy
Published: October 2024

This study examines the viewpoints of public high school students in Ho Chi Minh City regarding the culture of their school under the implementation of the new General Education Program (the 2018 General Education Program) with a specific focus on several aspects of their educational surroundings. The participants consist of students from diverse backgrounds, including different schools and exhibiting varying degrees of academic and extracurricular engagement. The study revealed that 59.8% of pupils obtained remarkable academic outcomes, whereas 33.5% received exemplary achievements. Just 6.5% were considered to be qualified, while a slight 0.1% were considered to be unqualified. The training results revealed that 75.7% of pupils were categorized as distinguished, 20.4% as good, and 3.9% as qualified. With regards to extracurricular involvement, 13.7% of students assumed the role of class officials, 20.5% were club members, 8.3% held the post of youth union secretary, and 8.1% held numerous roles. Nevertheless, 49.4% of individuals were not involved in any official roles. The evaluation of students' learning culture indicated favourable perceptions, namely in regard to the esteem of educators and classmates, as well as the mindset towards independent study and continuous learning. Several aspects, such as the process of selecting a suitable profession and making decisions regarding elective topics, received a lower score of 2.23, suggesting that there is a need for enhancing career advising. The results emphasize both the positive and negative aspects of the school culture in public high schools in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. They stress the importance of constantly improving educational strategies, career guidance, and the fair allocation of resources in order to enhance the learning environment and promote student development, specifically in the 2018 General Education Program.
When language becomes an obstacle: the challenges of teaching immunology in french for moroccan students
Authors: Ouhtit Abdelkader , Zerhane Rajae , Janati-Idrissi Rachid
Published: October 2024

The teaching of sciences, and more specifically immunology, in a foreign language presents numerous challenges, particularly in terms of understanding and assimilating knowledge. In this context, teaching sciences in the native language would be more conducive to learning, as students have been familiarized with these linguistic structures from a young age. Nevertheless, since 2014, Morocco has decided to teach scientific subjects (mathematics, physics, and life and earth sciences) in French starting from middle school to help students in scientific fields, initially educated in Arabic, to better pursue their higher education in French. This approach creates a double barrier for students whose mother tongue is Amazigh or Arabic, they must both master complex scientific concepts and express them in a foreign language. This article aims to examine these challenges through two studies targeting a sample of 185 (n1+n2+n3) teachers, one quantitative based on a questionnaire, and the other qualitative using the focus group technique. Both studies focus on the opinions of life and earth sciences teachers regarding the teaching of immunology in French the high school, a discipline with particularly complex concepts, and whether teaching scientific subjects in French is hindered by difficulties, and finally to propose possible alternatives to improve the effectiveness of this teaching. The results obtained show a negative appreciation from the teachers in our sample regarding the teaching of immunology in French, as it poses problems for students' understanding of this discipline. In fact, the results suggest that the majority of students lack interest and motivation in immunology courses taught in French, with low engagement in classroom discussions.
Comparison of binahong (Anredera cordifolia) (Ten. Steenis) and red betel (Piper crocatum) leaves ointment formulations toward length of laceration and bleeding time in rats
Authors: Suswidiantoro Vicko , Pratiwi Mida , Raykar Meghana Hiraman , Safutri Wina , Putri Diah Kartika
Published: October 2024

Laceration is a condition in which the structure of body tissue is damaged as a result of the body being slashed by sharp objects such as knives, razors, or cutters. One plant that can be applied to laceration is binahong leaves (Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) steenis and red betel (Piper crocatum). This plant contains a variety of active compounds, including alkaloids, saponins, and flavonoids. This present study aims to determine the effectiveness comparsion of the formulation and the difference in optimal concentrations of binahong and red betel leaf extract ointment formulation for incision healing with concentrations of 7%, 15%, and 30%. Here, Wistar rats incision were compared with ointment extract. To assesses the healing process with length of laceration and bleeding time. Incision demonstrated the elevated length of laceration and  bleeding time. In contrast, animals received ointment extract demonstrated better for length of laceration and reduced the bleeding time. Taken the ointment extract, our results suggest ointment extract binahong and red betel leaves exhibit antioxidant and increase the collagen activity which may contribute to the heal of incision.
PENGARUH LEVERAGE, INTENSITAS MODAL DAN UKURAN PERUSHAAN TERHADAP TAX AVOIDANCE DENGAN UMUR PERUSAHAAN SEBAGAI MODERASI PADA PERUSAHAAN SEKTOR INDUSTRI
Authors: Septian Tri Rizki , Noviarty Helisa , Helmi Syarif M
Published: October 2024

Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi serta menganalisis dampak leverage, capital intensity, serta ukuran perusahaan terhadap penghindaran pajak serta menilai apakah umur perusahaan dapat memoderasi hubungan antara ketiga variabel bebas tersebut dengan penghindaran pajak. Studi ini memakai data sekunder yang diambil dari laporan tahunan perusahaan pada sektor industri yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek pada periode 2021-2023. Untuk sampel pada penelitian ini terdiri dari 50 yang dipilih melalui metode purposive sampling dari total 63 perusahaan yang memenuhi parameter atau kriteria yang sudah ditentukan. Metode analisis yang dipakai meliputi uji asumsi klasik, analisis regresi linear berganda, serta uji MRA yang digunakan untuk menilai peran moderasi umur perusahaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa leverage dan intensitas modal tidak memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap penghindaran pajak. Sementara itu, ukuran perusahaan ditemukan memiliki pengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap praktik penghindaran pajak. Lebih lanjut, hasil uji moderasi menunjukkan bahwa umur perusahaan tidak mampu memoderasi pengaruh leverage, capital intensity, dan ukuran perusahaan terhadap tax avoidance. Temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa meskipun ukuran perusahaan merupakan faktor yang berpengaruh dalam menentukan strategi penghindaran pajak, umur perusahaan tidak berfungsi sebagai variabel moderasi yang efektif dalam konteks ini. Implikasi dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa otoritas pajak perlu memberikan perhatian lebih pada perusahaan dengan ukuran besar, karena mereka cenderung memiliki kemampuan lebih dalam mengimplementasikan strategi penghindaran pajak. Penelitian ini juga menyarankan agar perusahaan tidak terlalu mengandalkan leverage atau capital intensity sebagai sarana untuk meminimalisir beban pajak. Penelitian lebih lanjut direkomendasikan untuk menguji pengaruh variabel tambahan seperti kompensasi eksekutif, struktur kepemilikan, serta kepemilikan institusional, dan memperluas objek penelitian pada sektor industri lain untuk memperoleh hasil yang lebih komprehensif.
IMPLEMENTASI ISAK 35 TERHADAP LAPORAN KEUANGAN NON PROFIT ORGANISASI STUDI KASUS GEREJA GBKP PONTIANAK
Authors: Barus Dayro Carolus , Maulidia Rahma , Karpriana Angga P
Published: October 2024

Dalam perkembangan pengelolaan keuangan entitas non sangatlah diperlukannya dasar atau standar akuntansi keungan yang jelas sebagai panduan dalam pelaporan keuangan entitas nonlaba maka penelitian ini menjelaskan secara mendalam tentang laporan keungan organisasi nonlaba khususnya pada organisasi Gereja GBKP Pontianak dengan menggunakan Interpretasi Standar Akuntansi Keuangan (ISAK) No 35. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui penyusunan,bentuk,dan isi laporan keuangan Gereja GBKP Pontianak dengan mengacu pada ketentuan-ketentuan ISAK No 35, Objek penelitian ini adalah Gereja GBKP Pontianak dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif, Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Gereja GBKP Pontianak telah menerapkan standar akuntansi yang meliputi ISAK 35 yang terdiri dari neraca, laporan laba rugi, laporan perubahan ekuitas, laporan arus kas.
Resúmenes de pósters tardíos
Authors: Pautassi Ricardo M.
Published: October 2024

INCREASE OF ALCOHOL-SEEKING BEHAVIOR IN RATS PREVIOUSLY ADMINISTERED NICOTINE. 1,2Leão, Rodrigo Molini; 1Cruz, Fábio Cardoso; 1,2Carneiro-de-Oliveira, Paulo Eduardo; 1Miguel, Tarciso Tadeu; 1Marin, Marcelo Tadeu; 1,2Nunesde-Souza, R.L.; 1,2Planeta, Cleópatra da Silva. 1 Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Univ. Estadual PaulistaUNESP, Rod. Araraquara-Jaú Km 1, 14801-902, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil. 2 Interinstitutional Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luiz, Km 235, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil. rodrigomolini@yahoo.com.br
Electrodermal and behavioral response to emotional Spanish words in native speakers
Authors: Idesis Sebastian Ariel , D’Amelio Tomas Ariel , Torres Batán Santiago , Menendez Joaquin , Polti Ignacio
Published: October 2024

The present study aimed to validate a Spanish-word database that elicits different levels of emotional response. To control subjects’ engagement to the stimuli, an emotional Stroop task was administered to Spanish-speaking population. In order to assess to which extent valence and emotionality are automatically processed when reading a word, participants’ reaction time was recorded as a complement of their electrodermal response. These measurements were used to rank the words into two different lists, conforming the set of Spanish-words. The reaction time to negative words were only significantly slower to reaction times of positive ones (and not to the neutral ones). We found that words with a negative emotional content elicited higher skin conductance responses (SCR) and longer reaction time than those with neutral and positive emotional content. These findings are consistent with previous literature and therefore supports word’s emotionality of the implemented database. l; Emoción, Stroop emocional; Conductancia de la piel; Población hispano-hablante.
Efectos de variar la dimensión del estímulo y la morfología de la respuesta sobre el aprendizaje de discriminación
Authors: Flores Maricela , Flores Carlos , Mateos L. Rebeca , Hernández Cinthia , Madrigal Kenneth
Published: October 2024

The aim of this study was to explore the effect of varying the stimuli dimension or the response morphology on the discrimination learning. For a group of subjects, responding to the left lever after a fixed tone or responding to the right lever after a light were followed by water. For a second group, the arrangement was the same except that the light was replaced by an intermittent tone (Experiment 1). It was found that subjects trained with different stimuli dimension (tone vs. light) had a faster acquisition. In Experiment 2, for a group of subjects the first response to the left lever after presenting a fixed tone and pulling a chain after presenting an intermittent tone resulted in the delivery of water; whereas for a second group the conditions were the same except that instead of pulling the chain after the intermittent tone, subjects need to pressed the right lever to obtain water. Subjects trained with morphologically different responses (lever press vs. chain pulling) learned the task in fewer sessions than subjects trained with morphologically similar responses. As a whole, the results are discussed based on the differentiation between discriminated operants supporting the functional equivalence hypothesis.
Comprensión lectora y representación de múltiples fuentes de información en estudiantes universitarios: influencia de las discrepancias textuales sobre una tarea de producción de títulos y una tarea de reconocimiento de "quién dice qué"
Authors: Saux Gaston , Londra Franco , Natalia Irrazabal , Burin Debora L. , Britt M. Anne , Rouet Jean-François
Published: October 2024

We conducted an experiment to examine the assumption that discrepant text assertions influence the encoding and later recognition of the information sources supporting those assertions, as compared to consistent assertions. Forty-two undergraduates (Age M = 20, SD = 1.55) read 24 fictional stories that presented two assertions produced by two different sources (i.e., two characters in the story). Assertion discrepancy was manipulated so that each statement was consistent or discrepant with the other statement. A title production task (during reading) and a source recognition task (after reading) were used as dependent measures. Discrepant assertions promoted both the production of titles focused on the discrepancy and correct source recognition. These results suggest that discrepancies are one relevant factor to promote critical reading of multiple viewpoints in a text.
Empirismo de conceptos: Un tratamiento de la evidencia para los vehículos representacionales amodales
Authors: Olmos Andrea
Published: October 2024

In the last decades, the empiricist theories of concepts have managed to have a certain weight in psychology and in philosophy. In this paper I intend to evaluate the empirical support that Prinz's theory of concepts (2002, 2005) possesses, according to which all concepts and cognitive processes are conveyed by modal representations. In particular, I intend to evaluate if, and to what extent, the empirical evidence cited by the empiricism of concepts is favorable to this theory and, secondly, I intend to consider the case of numerical representations, while it seems to be a case that It challenges the sufficiency of concept empiricism to account for all the phenomena that a theory of concepts should explain.
Baremo del Trail Making Test para Capital Federal y Gran Buenos Aires
Authors: Margulis Laura Emilce , Squillace Louhau Mario Rodolfo , Ferreres Aldo Rodolfo
Published: October 2024

Trail Making Test (TMT) is one of the most widely used tests to evaluate attentional processes since its resolution requires the indemnity of multiple attentional aspects that underlie the correct execution of the task. The aim of this study was to update TMT norms for the Argentine population of Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires and Gran Buenos Aires. The sample consisted of 407 participants (59% women), aged between 16 and 90 years, with educational level from incomplete primary to postgraduate. The sample was divided into four age groups and three educational levels. Special norms were made for individuals with low educational level because age did not differentiate their performance. The present TMT standardization includes the types of errors that may occur in part A and B of the test. This study allows for representative and up-to-date norms according to the socio-demographic characteristics of the population under investigation.
Adaptación lingüístico-cultural y validación inicial de una prueba de competencia lectora en Internet en una muestra de estudiantes universitarios argentinos
Authors: Saux Gaston Ignacio , Tabullo Ángel , Londra Franco Germán , Grasso Lina
Published: October 2024

La competencia lectora refiere a la capacidad para comprender, usar y analizar textos escritos en función de objetivos. Argentina no cuenta con un instrumento que evalúe la competencia lectora en entornos digitales. Presentamos una adaptación lingüístico-cultural y validación inicial de la prueba WebLEC en una muestra de 85 universitarios (56 mujeres, 18-36 años, M = 20.4, DE= 4.6). La prueba incluye 28 ítems en cuatro escenarios (Foro, Wiki, Web joven y Motor de búsqueda). Proporciona un índice de competencia lectora en Internet, basado en tres tipos de tareas (acceso y recuperación, integración e interpretación, y reflexión y evaluación), más dos índices de navegación. Los resultados fueron favorables y sugieren que la versión adaptada de la prueba es adecuada para evaluar la lectura en entornos Web, mostrando evidencias de buena consistencia interna (α = .75), validez de convergencia y validez de grupos contrastados, p < .05.
Esquemas Maladaptativos Tempranos en Alumnos de Psicología e Ingeniería de Universidades de Lima Metropolitana
Authors: Melo Bernabel Julio Alberto
Published: October 2024

The main objective of the study was to identify the significant differences between early maladaptive schemas (EMTs) in samples of university students of psychology and engineering from universities in Metropolitan Lima. This was a descriptive, comparative study with a non-experimental, cross-sectional design. The sample consisted of 406 psychology and engineering students, selected under a non-probabilistic purposive sampling, with prior approval of the informed consent of each participant. A sociodemographic survey and the Early Maladaptive Schema Questionnaire (YSQ - S3) were used as instruments. The results show that there are significant differences in the 18 EMTs between the group of psychology and engineering students. Finally, this study will serve as a baseline for future research to compare EMTs in two or more independent populations, also, thanks to its results, it will be helpful for the creation and implementation of both prevention and intervention programs.
Escala de Dificultades en la Regulación Emocional: Análisis psicométrico de sus versiones breves en universitarios peruanos.
Authors: Blancas-Guillen Jesus , Arroyo-Pizarro Pedro , Quintana Edson , Tupa-Belizario Rosa S. , Valencia Pablo D.
Published: October 2024

The Difficulties in Emotional Regulation Scale (DERS) is one of the most widely used instruments in the area of emotional regulation. However, its length is a limitation. Short versions have been proposed in the literature, but its psychometric performance has been little studied in young Latin American adults. The present study examined the internal structure of these short versions in 345 Peruvian university students (mean age = 22.45; 68.7% female). It was found that all short versions presented good fit in the confirmatory factor analysis. In addition, bifactor models based on these versions were tested, of which only those derived from DERS-18 and DERS-20 presented interpretable solutions. In both cases, evidence of essential unidimensionality was found. In conclusion, all four versions studied perform well. If researchers wish to obtain a total score, this is justified for DERS-18 and DERS-20 (excluding the “Awareness” items).
Retención de Dígitos (WAIS III): validez convergente y normas para población argentina entre 40 y 91 años
Authors: Martino Pablo Luis , Cervigni Mauricio , Gallegos Miguel , Politis Daniel
Published: October 2024

The Digit Span is frequently used in the field of neuropsychological evaluation in Argentina. However, updated normative data and evidence of convergent validity in the Argentine context are lacking. The objective was to elaborate normative data for the Test of digits-WAIS III and to analyze its convergent validity in Argentina. A total of 306 Argentines participated (mean age=66.5 years, 40-91 years). Subjects with pathologies that compromised neuropsychological performance were excluded. The Digit Test-WAIS III, the MoCA and fluency tasks were administered, performing correlations and regression. Education improves performance on Digit Span, although the effect size is small. Age does not influence significantly. Norms with cut scores are provided by educational level. There were positive correlations between Digits Span, MoCA and fluency. In conclusion, this research supports the use of the Digits Span in the Argentine context by offering up-to-date normative and acceptable evidence of validity.
Escala de Invalidación Emocional Percibida (PIES): Análisis psicométrico de la primera versión en español en adultos peruanos
Authors: Okumura Clark Alvaro , Espinoza María del Carmen , Rosario-Quiroz Fernando , Rojas-Vistorte Angel Olider
Published: October 2024

Perceived emotion invalidation is a construct that is currently relevant due to its implications on mental health domains. The aim of this study was to linguistically adapt and to analyze the psychometric properties of the first Spanish-version of the Perceived Invalidation of Emotion Scale (PIES). This test was translated and reviewed by 10 experts to guarantee evidence of content validity. Confirmatory factor analysis verified the original two-dimensional proposal of the model. The study involved 411 adults (77.6% women, 22.4% men) with a mean age of 25.52 years (SD=6.64). Evidence of convergent and concurrent validity were found by associating scores with theoretically related constructs. In addition, the scores for both dimensions showed adequate levels of internal consistency. It is concluded that PIES complies with current psychometric standards and can be used in Peruvian samples similar to the one in this study.
La inteligencia emocional del docente como predictor de la gestión del aula y de la eficacia de la disciplina
Authors: Valente Sabina , A. Lourenço Abílio , S. Almeida Leandro , Sainz-Gómez Marta , Amaro Pedro
Published: October 2024

Research indicates that personal resources, such as emotional intelligence, play an important role in a teacher’s job performance. However, the relationship between emotional intelligence and classroom management/discipline efficacy has been much less studied. Thus, the main objective of this study was to analyze how teachers’ emotional intelligence influences their classroom management and discipline efficacy. A total of 772 teachers from Portuguese schools participated, completing measures of emotional intelligence and efficacy for classroom management and discipline. The results indicated, through the statistical technique of structural equation modeling, a positive association between teachers’ emotional intelligence and their efficacy for classroom management y discipline. Concluding on the need to implement a study plan that includes emotional intelligence in the initial and continuing teachers’ training.
Análisis factorial exploratorio: bases conceptuales y metodológicas
Authors: Pérez Edgardo , Medrano Leonardo
Published: October 2024

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Influencia de variables cognitivas en el Iowa Gambling Task
Authors: Gonzalez Gadea Maria Luz , Ponce Japaze Guillermo , Díaz Fajreldines Hugo , Marino Julián
Published: October 2024

The objective of this work was to analyze the influence of cognitive and personality variables in the Decision Making (DM) construct, evaluated by the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT). For this propose, a battery of neuropsychological tests was applied to 116 individuals of both genders between 18 and 35 years olds. The results showed that the IGT performance was not associated to the cognitive variables evaluated, only it has been found moderated relationship between working memory and DM. These outcomes suggest that DM seems to be an independent construct of the “cool” cognitive functions and could be influenced for the emotional or motivational aspects related to “hot” cognitive process. Finally, the DM process seems to be more associated to the ability to avoid punishment than the capacity of evaluate long term benefits.
Bases beurobiológicas de la frustración
Authors: Ruetti Eliana , Justel Nadia
Published: October 2024

The main feature shared by the phenomena involving unexpected changes of reinforcement is that there is a discrepancy between expected and received reward. Consequently, the behavior is modified according to this difference; the animals have an emotional response to the surprising reward change, called frustration. Some of the paradigms that are commonly used to study these problems are: consummatory Successive Negative Contrast and consummatory Extinction. This review describes the major works that investigate the neuroanatomical and neurophysiological mechanisms involved in these studies, and the main tasks related with the administration of drugs that modulate the memory of the surprising reward changes.
¿Conocimiento fenoménico sin conceptos fenoménicos? sobre la teoría de los punteros mentales de Jesse Prinz
Authors: Barberis Sergio Daniel
Published: October 2024

The aim of the present paper is to present and criticize the reply of Jesse Prinz (2007) to the “knowledge argument” proposed by Jackson (1982). Prinz’ proposal relies on two tenets: in the first place, it is supported by an original neurocognitive theory about consciousness; in the second place, it rests on a philosophical theory about phenomenal knowledge that seems to avoid the supposition of phenomenal concepts (versus Loar, Tye and Papineau, inter alia). I argue that Prinz’ proposal is inadequate both on empirical grounds – concerning his theory of consciousness – and on more conceptual grounds – concerning his conception of phenomenal knowledge. I conclude that the postulation of phenomenal concepts seems to be unavoidable in order to explain the nature of phenomenal knowledge.
Estudios preliminares de adaptación de la escala de fuentes de autoeficacia para matemáticas
Authors: Zalazar Jaime Mauricio Federico , Aparicio Martín Matías Daniel , Ramírez Flores Celia María , Garrido Sebastian Jesus
Published: October 2024

In the field of educational psychologically the construct of self-efficacy has received special attention. It has been shown that those students who trust in their own abilities get better academic performance. However, few studies analyze the sources of self-efficacy. Self-efficacy believes are developed according to how people interpret information coming from four different sources: experience skills, vicarious learning, social persuasion, and physiological states. Recently, Usher & Pajares (2009 developed an instrument to assess sources of self-efficacy in Math. The goal of the present work was to evaluate psychometric properties of this scale in a local sample of adolescents from 13 to 15 years old. Preliminary results supported the use of this measure as an adequate alternative to assess self-efficacy in Math. However, more studies are needed in order to obtain a measure more contextualized to the educational system of local students.
Complejidad factorial y conductas moralmente controversiales
Authors: Merino Cesar , Grimaldo Muchotrigo Mirian
Published: October 2024

En la actualidad, tanto desde el punto de vista científico como práctico, surge la necesidad de conocer más acerca de la permisividad moral actual, en la medida que parece haber un aumento creciente en el "relativismo moral". De allí, la importancia de contar con instrumentos que permitan recoger información válida y confiable sobre el comportamiento moral frente a situaciones sociales definidas como controvertidas. En este sentido, el presente artículo presenta una nota técnica de la Escala de Comportamientos Moralmente Controvertidos (ECMC) de Harding y Phillips (1986), la cual fue desarrollada en Estados Unidos de Norteamérica y dirigida principalmente a jóvenes. Un reciente estudio latinoamericano (Merino y Grimaldo, 2010) ha puesto en evidencia información psicométrica no mostrada anteriormente sobre el ECMC focalizándose en la estructura interna y los problemas asociados con las evidencias de complejidad factorial entre los ítems del ECMC. Esto significa que la interpretación de los puntajes no es factorialmente simple, y no se pudo conseguir una satisfactoria distinción conceptual entre los constructos latentes aplicados en el estudio. Estos resultados se discuten considerando que el investigador debe decidir si la medición de estos aspectos debe contener un razonable monto de complejidad que es consistente con esta realidad, o debe priorizar una estructura simple y unidimensional.