bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A guide to eliminating baggy webs
Authors: PARENT FREDERIC , HAMEL JEAN , MCDONALD DAVID
Published: August 2021

Slack or baggy webs can cause misregistration, wrinkles, and breaks in printing and converting operations. Bagginess appears as non-uniform tautness in the cross direction (CD) of a paper web. The underlying cause is uneven CD tension profiles, for which there are few remedies once the paper is made. Precision measurements of CD tension profiles combined with trials on commercial paper machines have shown that uniform CD distribution of moisture, basis weight, and caliper profiles at the reel are key to avoiding bagginess. However, the most important but infrequently measured factor is the CD moisture profile entering the dryer section. Wetter areas entering the dryers are permanently elongated more than dry areas, leading to greater slackness in the finished paper. In storage, wound-in tension can amplify baggy streaks in paper near the surface of a roll and adjacent to the core. Unwrapped or poorly wrapped rolls exposed to low humidity environments may have baggy centers caused by moisture loss from the roll edges. All of the factors that impact bagginess have been incorporated in a mathematical model that was used to interpret the observations from commercial trials and can be used as a guide to solve future problems.
Probing the molecular weights of sweetgum and pine kraft lignin fractions
Authors: JARDIM JULIANA M. , HART PETER W. , LUCIA LUCIAN , JAMEEL HASAN
Published: August 2021

The present investigation undertook a systematic investigation of the molecular weight (MW) of kraft lignins throughout the pulping process to establish a correlation between MW and lignin recovery at different extents of the kraft pulping process. The evaluation of MW is crucial for lignin characterization and utilization, since it is known to influence the kinetics of lignin reactivity and its resultant physicochemical properties.
Sweetgum and pine lignins precipitated from black liquor at different pHs (9.5 and 2.5) and different extents of kraft pulping (30–150 min) were the subject of this effort. Gel permeation chromatography (GPC) was used to deter-
mine the number average molecular weight (Mn), mass average molecular weight (Mw), and polydispersity of the lignin samples. It was shown that the MW of lignins from both feedstocks follow gel degradation theory; that is, at the onset of the kraft pulping process low molecular weightlignins were obtained, and as pulping progressed, the molecular weight peaked and subsequently decreased. An important finding was that acetobromination was shown to be a more effective derivatization technique for carbohydrates containing lignins than acetylation, the technique typically used for derivatization of lignin.
Systemic Approach to Evaluating External Factors Influencing the Resource Potential of the Catering Industry
Authors:   Regional Studies and Tourism, University of Customs and Finance, Kucher M. M. , Levchenko H. P. ,   University of Customs and Finance
Published: August 2021

One of the defining sectoral features of the catering business as a component of a national economy is its increased sensitivity to changes occurring in the economic situation, environment and business practices. It is a priori impossible to take into account the absolute majority of factors influencing the process of resource potential formation, so it is necessary to determine the set of those factors that have a direct or indirect impact on the catering business in general and resource potential in particular, as well as on the formation of their comprehensive evaluation system. The article is aimed at evaluating the impact of these factors on the resource potential of enterprises in the catering industry. The macroenvironment is analyzed as a set of external factors of indirect impact by the following indices: GDP, investment, consumer price index, household income. The dualistic nature of the impact made by external factors of indirect impact is established, whereas these factors can be both opportunities and threats to the catering industry depending on certain criteria of the international economic situation. A comprehensive analysis of the meso environment from the standpoint of dividing impact factors in two groups: the market group (number of business entities in catering industry; gross output and volume of sales of goods; price indices for goods and services) and resource group (financial results of the catering industry and services; investment volume and structure in this area; employment and labor costs; information technologies usage). The presence and hidden sources by types of resources are established. Synthesis of the impact areas of external factors on the activity of catering business entities is made based on a symbiosis of the following methods: PEST-analysis, SWOT-analysis, PESTEL-analysis. A set of evaluation areas of factors influencing the formation of the resource potential of an enterprise is created, providing for the application of the distribution criterion depending on the area of evaluating external factors of indirect impact. The general economic indicator (GDP) is suggested to be used as a distribution criterion, whose range of values will indicate the transition of a particular index to the plane of "threat" or "opportunity".
Studying the Current State and Trends in Developing Logistics Activities at Machine-Building Enterprises
Authors:   Kremenchuk Mykhailo Ostrohradskyi National University, Maslak O. I. , Nikitiuk V. G. ,   Kremenchuk Mykhailo Ostrohradskyi National University
Published: August 2021

The current state and trends in developing logistics activities at machine-building enterprises is studied through evaluating the efficiency of financial flows. It is noted that studying the current state and trends in the logistics activities at machine-building enterprises is a necessary condition for the revival of mechanic engineering in our country. It is noted that the machine-building industry has specific features in management, which are associated with high costs for raw materials, energy, transportation, and labor resources. Mostly, products of machine-building enterprises have a fairly long usage (consumption) cycle, and are quite large, so their sale causes problems during periods of economic crisis, in contrast to, for example, food products. It is established that for the industry to undergo sustainable development, it needs to attract capital investments. The general problem with the level of financing, including the machine-building industry, negatively affects the prospects for reorganizing the production cycle, involving innovative technologies, introducing resource- and energy-saving processes in production, complying with environmental management. It is this set of conditions that is the key to making products of Ukraine’s machine-building industry attractive for global market consumers, and therefore, to increasing financial flows. As a result of the study, a methodological approach to evaluating the logistics activities at machine-building enterprises by selected indices of financial logistics is suggested, where the indices can be calculated on the basis of the annual financial statements of enterprises as for their balance (statement of financial position) and financial results (statement of comprehensive income), making it possible to identify both factors influencing the results of the economic activity of machine-building enterprises, and the degree of this influence. The calculated values of the relative efficiency ratios of financial logistics in managing accounts receivable and payable related to product flows can serve as input data to build a mathematical model for forecasting the efficiency of logistics activities at machine-building enterprises in Ukraine
Institutional Support for the Development of Public-Private Partnership in the Public Governance System
Authors:   Polissia National University, Dankevych V. Y. , Zakharina O. V. ,   Polissia National University, Zolotnytska Y. V. ,   Polissia National University
Published: August 2021

Theoretic aspects of the formation and development of public-private partnership (PPP) are studied. By using a systemic approach, it is determined that the most important factor in improving the efficiency of public-private partnership is its institutional support. It is substantiated that globally, the PPP is mostly initiated by public authorities, which can be explained by a number of reasons. Firstly, public authorities are responsible for the country's strategic development. Secondly, public authorities formulate "rules of the game" for businesses and individuals, plan capital investments, and select PPP entities that are a priority in terms of public interest. In fact, it is the state that undertakes to address objectives facing society. Therefore, nowadays the importance of creating a favorable institutional environment to develop PPPs is recognized at all the levels of economic management and is emphasized in the scientific community. It is proved that the interests of public authorities, private businesses and the community are reconciled through the complementation of political, legal, and socio-economic norms and rules of conduct. The functions of public authorities at the national and regional levels of government are systematized.
Household Debts: Global Experience of Restructuring Debts and Ukrainian Reality
Authors:   Institute for Economics and Forecasting of NAS of Ukraine, Kornіvska V. O. , Yaremenko O. L. ,   Institute for Economics and Forecasting of NAS of Ukraine
Published: August 2021

The research results on the global problem of household debt growth, its causes, consequences, social context, and influence on the formation of aggregate demand are presented. It is substantiated that with the growth of debts, households are losing their share in aggregate demand, and the state is becoming an increasingly influential player compared to others due to the strengthening of fiscal and regulatory government influence. Facing the increasing debt pressure, households start reducing consumption, thus negatively affecting aggregate demand. The government, on its part, trying to improve the situation, increases subsidies and provides policies that encourage banks to restructure loans, develops restructuring programs, etc. These trends are proven to be of an urgent character and should not be routinized, in order not to distort the market environment or increase the direct influence of the state on purely market processes. The analysis of global experience, carried out in the article, shows that in the condition of economic destabilization debt restructuring is the only way to help the population out of the debt trap. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the ways to harmonize the accumulation of household debt through restructuring, to identify its market mechanisms, and to prove that the state should provide extensive assistance to households trying to overcome the debt trap. Three options for the state participation in the restructuring process have been identified: institutional participation (when the state only provides regulatory support); design and implementation of state restructuring programs; adoption of regulations on compulsory restructuring. New Ukrainian norms and regulations related to forced debt restructuring are analyzed, and their social context is proved to be contradictory. On the one hand, the adoption of corresponding laws became a significant step towards maintaining the social stability of the Ukrainian population against the background of the growing poverty and increasing total indebtedness of the people (even in the sphere of payments for public utility services), and the growing currency risks. On the other hand, Ukrainian market players often show moral hazards of non-compliance with the conditions of debt discipline, which have become part of the financial behavior, negatively affecting the general financial culture.
Improving the Institutional and Organizational Mechanisms to De-Shadow Relations in the Field of Real Estate Transactions
Authors:   Institute of Regional Research named after V. I. Dolishniy of the NAS of Ukraine, Storonyanska I. Z. , Dub A. R. ,   Institute of Regional Research named after V. I. Dolishniy of the NAS of Ukraine
Published: August 2021

Real estate transactions have been one of the most shadowed sectors of the national economy. The COVID-19 pandemic and the quarantine measures introduced in 2020 to prevent its spreading have led to a sharp increase in the shadowing of the real estate sector, thus reversing the positive trend of the previous years. The study aims at finding ways to de-shadow the real estate sector and substantiating them. Changes in the level of shadowing relations in the real estate sector in 2020 are analyzed. It is found out that the quarantine restrictions introduced in 2020 had though short-term but major negative impact on activities in the real estate market, thus increasing the shadowing of the real estate transactions sector. Emphasis is placed on letting residential real estate as one of the most shadowed segments of the real estate sector. Gaps in the de-shadowing measures in the real estate sector in recent years are highlighted and critically assessed, in particular: Bill № 3618 “On Real Estate Activities in Ukraine”; Bill № 3928-1 "On Amendments to the Tax Code of Ukraine with a view to stimulate the de-shadowing of income received from letting residential real estate"; introduction of a Multiple Listing Service based on real estate appraisal reports; activities of tax authorities in the field of identifying shadow transactions in the rental market. To minimize the level of shadowing the real estate sector, it is suggested to: conduct public awareness campaign as for the benefits of conducting legal activities in the rental market, e.g., protection of the rights of tenants and landlords in the field of real estate transactions; to amend the Tax Code of Ukraine regarding the taxation of income received from letting residential real estate; create a "Legal Lease" online portal, etc.
The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the IGLBs Market in Ukraine: State, Problems, and Development Perspectives
Authors:   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Tataryn N. B. , Yurchenko I. M. ,   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv
Published: August 2021

The article aims at analyzing the Ukrainian market of domestic government bonds (IGLBs) in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic; determining its state, problems and development perspectives. The development of the domestic government bonds market during the coronavirus crisis is considered; the essence and purpose of IGLBs in Ukraine are revealed; IGLBs are classified by type of use. The differences between domestic and external government bonds are determined, and the advantages of the former are indicated; peculiarities of purchasing such securities by individuals and legal entities are revealed; requirements for issuing IGLBs by issuers are indicated, and the most reliable banks engaged in this activity are enumerated; the state of the government bond market during 2018–2020 is studied; the amount of ownership, the share of buyers of securities and the purpose of their purchase for each of the entities are given; the rate and yield of domestic government bonds in Ukraine are analyzed and compared with other countries, such as the United States, Germany, France and others. The study identifies the following problems: the economic crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, the inadequate legal framework on IGLBs, the low level of public awareness of these securities, and others. To overcome these problems, the following actions are suggested: counteracting the coronavirus crisis by combining the efforts of the state and local authorities, business, and the population; directing most of the financial resources in this direction; spreading economic education among the population; introducing a simplified procedure for purchasing IGLBs; and working with banks to increase the availability of bonds purchasing. Statistical data obtained from the official website of the National Bank of Ukraine make up the basis for the study.
Approaches to and Methodological Basis of Accounting for Intangible Assets Generated in Cryptocurrency
Authors:   Simon Kuznets Kharkiv National University of Economics, Labunska S. V. , Serikova T. M. ,   Simon Kuznets Kharkiv National University of Economics, Sobakar M. V. ,   Simon Kuznets Kharkiv National University of Economics
Published: August 2021

The article aims at assessing cryptocurrency dynamics in global economy; studying the prospects and risks of its use in business activities; suggesting approaches to recognize, record and value cryptocurrency in the accounting system of domestic enterprises. The article considers the prospects and risks of using cryptocurrencies by domestic businesses and identifies the importance of developing digital assets at an enterprise. The urgency of developing such accounting and of the necessity to manage cryptocurrencies at an enterprise is substantiated. It is established that the attitude to cryptocurrency and the level of development of the regulatory field significantly vary from state to state, and thus international regulations govern neither the use of nor accounting for such assets. The article substantiates the compliance of cryptocurrency with the recognition criteria for enterprise assets, thus making it necessary and possible for an enterprise accounting system to recognize cryptocurrency. The authors substantiate the options for attributing cryptocurrency to various types of enterprise assets. Due to the lack of regulation of cryptocurrency accounting at the legislative level, guidelines are suggested for the cryptocurrency accounting process, which include options for classifying cryptocurrency depending on the purpose of its use, namely: classifying cryptocurrency as intangible enterprise assets, but distinguishing between current and non-current assets, and monetary and non-monetary ones. Each of these options is accompanied by the use of separate accounts and the order of recording the valuation, use and disposal of cryptocurrency. Necessity to revalue cryptocurrencies due to their high volatility is substantiated. It is suggested to conduct revaluation of cryptocurrency to ensure objective valuation of assets and that of the enterprise in the form of revaluation (increase/decrease in the value) and by determining exchange rate differences.
Theoretical and Methodological Approach to Identify Promising Areas in Scientific and Scientific and Technological Activity in Ukraine
Authors:   Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine, Kyzym M. O. , Khaustova V. Y. ,   Research Centre of Industrial Problems of Development of NAS of Ukraine, Reshetnyak O. I. ,   Research Centre of Industrial Problems of Development of NAS of Ukraine, Uspalenko V. I. ,   Kharkiv National University of Construction Engineering and Architecture
Published: August 2021

The study is aimed at developing and implementing a theoretical and methodological approach to identify promising areas in scientific and scientific and technological activity in Ukraine. The following general and special methods are used: logical analysis (to determine the state and trends in the development of scientific and scientific and technological activity in Ukraine and other countries); modeling and prognosticating (to create prognostic models of scientific support for economic development); analysis and synthesis (to determine the priority areas of scientific and scientific and technological activity, general-purpose technologies and areas of scholars training); fuzzy logics (to identify sectors of economy, promising for scientific and scientific and technological development, and priority areas in scientific and scientific and technological activity. The suggested theoretical and methodical approach to substantiate promising guidelines for scientific and scientific and technological activity in Ukraine requires the following: analysis of current trends and assessment of global guidelines for scientific and scientific and technological activity; identification of promising economic sectors of Ukraine as for ensuring scientific and scientific and technological activity, and assessment of scientific support for their development; substantiation of the choice of promising general-purpose technologies and areas of scientific and scientific and technological activity in the country; substantiation of training areas for scientific personnel; identification of priority areas in providing scientific and scientific and technological activity that enables taking into account both global economic development trends and features, and the state of scientific and scientific and technological activity in the country. The use of the suggested theoretical and methodical approach has made it possible to substantiate the main topics of the activity in question and promising general-purpose technologies, which are aimed at ensuring the development of traditional economic sectors of strategic importance and high-tech industries, the development of which will increase the country's competitiveness and living standards in the future, i.e. meet the needs of all the stakeholders of scientific and scientific and technological activity (government, education, business, society).
Institutional Capacity of the Higher Education System and Factors of Its Provision
Authors:   V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Soboliev V. M. , Sobolieva M. V. ,   V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University
Published: August 2021

The article is aimed at revealing the state of the institutional system of higher education in Ukraine in the context of the coronavirus pandemic by using the category of institutional capacity. To this end, the following methodological achievements of economic research are used: the unity of logical and historical, normative and positive analysis; institutional and evolutionary approach; logical modeling; behavioral economics; and political markets theory. Based on the authors' definition of the institutional capacity concept, the main features of the institutional capacity of the higher education system are specified, namely: internal complementarity of the institutional system; its external complementarity; interlinking internal and external complementarity. The analysis shows that the Ukrainian higher education system is experiencing a deep multilevel crisis, the origins of which lie in the fact that the government lacks the following: a systemic vision of modern higher education problems; understanding of the close relationship between the level of state support and the dynamics of national competitiveness; absolute dominance of fiscal motivation over the strategic one while solving the problems of financing the needs of higher education. The results obtained provide an opportunity to further study the ways of inhibiting destructive processes, then neutralizing them and, finally, creating the preconditions to restore institutional capacity. The practical significance of the study lies in the fact that it enriches scientific ideas about the structure of the institutional system of higher education and, on this basis, helps to develop managerial decisions aimed at improving the efficiency of the system. The originality of the article is stipulated by using the institutional capacity category and the institutional complementarity concept to study the current state of higher education in Ukraine.
Scientific and Methodological Support for Solving Problematic Situations in Ukraine’s Regions (on the Example of the Kharkiv Region)
Authors:   Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine, Kyzym M. O. , Bielikova N. V. ,   Research Centre of Industrial Problems of Development of NAS of Ukraine, Bekker M. L. ,   Research Centre of Industrial Problems of Development of NAS of Ukraine
Published: August 2021

Formulating regional development goals stands out as an important part of the state regional policy, which in its essence has a purposeful character reflected in the state’s permanent influence on the socio-economic development of the country's regions. Analysis of modern research on the issue has shown urgent need to deepen the theoretical foundations and toolkit for solving problematic situations in the regions, the latter being the purpose of the study. The theoretical basis to enable setting the goals (goal-setting) for regional development is substantiated. It is proved that the cognitive approach is among the most powerful tools for studying poorly structured systems and situations, and the expediency of using fuzzy cognitive modeling to form regional development scenarios and solve problematic situations present in the relevant regions is substantiated. A special algorithm to carry out structural analysis of socio-economic regional development and to form a fuzzy cognitive model has been designed. Using this algorithm, a fuzzy cognitive model of socio-economic development of Ukraine’s regions has been formed. Pulse modeling based on the fuzzy cognitive model of socio-economic development of Ukraine’s regions by the self-development scenario is carried out. Scenario modeling has been implemented as for raising the strategic goals level of socio-economic development in the Kharkiv region on the basis of pulse modeling. The expediency of introducing a criterion showing the total impact effectiveness of certain scenarios exerted on goals achievement topical for the Kharkiv region is analyzed. It is substantiated that this criterion should be based on weighted additive convolution of the growth rate as for the level of target factors relative to the self-development scenario. The scenario modeling of the Kharkiv region socio-economic development based on the cognitive model formed in accordance with the approach mentioned above shows that reaching the top level of the region’s goals requires implementing development scenarios based on the effective growth of the region’s scientific potential and its combination with other domestic potentials.
Strategic Priorities of the Budget Policy on Ukraine’s Territorial Development in the Context of Implementing the Regional Development Strategy
Authors:   Precarpathian National University named after V. Stefanyk, Pelekhatyy A. O. , Patytska K. O. ,   Institute of Regional Research named after V. I. Dolishniy of the NAS of Ukraine
Published: August 2021

The article aims at determining the strategic priorities of Ukraine’s budget development policy while implementing the regional development strategy for the years 2021–2027. The strategic priorities of the budget policy on territorial development are substantiated in the context of, first, creating the regional development strategy and territorial development strategies for the years 2021-2027, and second, shifting the focus from spatially oriented measures, i.e. stimulating the development of problematic areas, to the policy of territorial development through activating untapped potential, the policy being aimed at increasing regional and national competitiveness, with special attention paid to innovation. The necessity to observe both the vertical and horizontal integration of the formation and realization of budget policy on territorial development, and the necessity to implement it, combining the problem-oriented and general approaches to directing the territorial development budgeting (territorial development budgeting is based on the following: competitive advantages of the functional types of the regions; development of problematic regions; regional development in the context of smart specialization; border areas development in the context of cross-border cooperation). A prospect for further research in this field is seen in making an attempt to form the budget policy on territorial development in Ukraine on the basis of defining strategic priorities for regional development and the development of different level territories, aimed at: reducing interregional and intra-regional asymmetries; ensuring universal improvement of the quality of life; transferring the territories to development based on sustainability, inclusiveness, innovation, and the maximization of using and building up the existing potential.
Акцентуация интегральных параметров индивидуальности человека как фактор риска психосоматических расстройств
Authors: Плотников В.В. , Северьянова Л.А.
Published: August 2021

В монографии обобщены результаты исследований, которые проводились более двадцати лет в лаборатории психосоматики (зав.-проф В.В.Плотников) Центрально-Черноземного научного центра РАМН с участием кафедр психиатрии (зав.-проф. Д.В. Плотников) и патофизиологии (зав.-проф. Л.А. Северьянова) Курского государственного медицинского университета. На основе биопсиходинамического подхода разработаны принципы и методы интегрального исследования индивидуальности человека с участием более 5000 здоровых волонтеров и больных с психосоматической патологией. Изучены индивидуально-специфические стили адаптивной саморегуляции и выделены интегральные параметры их оценки (темперамента, когнитивного стиля, саморегуляции на основе обратной связи, внимания). Разработана и экспериментально обоснована новая концепция существования акцентуированных биопсиходинамических типов индивидуальности человека, в которых сочетаются акцентуации параметров психодинамического и биологического уровней. Установлено, что эти типы, будучи неравновесными системами, подвержены дизрегуляторным расстройствам и являются фактором риска развития психосоматических заболеваний, клиническая форма которых определенным образом зависит от характера биологической акцентуации. Это и становится механизмом избирательности и специфичности психосоматического заболевания. Разработанные психометрические методики позволяют диагностировать акцентуированные биопсиходинамические типы и индивидуализировать принципы коррекции неблагоприятных психофизиологических состояний и лечения пациентов. Учет индивидуальных системных особенностей человека позволяет разработать научно обоснованные рекомендации для профессиональной ориентации и профессионального отбора. Монография предназначена для психиатров, психофизиологов, клинических и школьных психологов, врачей различных клинических специальностей, специалистов профилактической медицины и профотборов, студентов, слушателей факультетов повышения квалификации врачей.
Mysticism of Selling Price Hamemayu Hayuning Urip Bebrayan (Kejawen Ethno-Economic Approach)
Authors: Prasetyo Whedy
Published: August 2021

The qualitative research of this kejawen ethno-economic aims to reveal actions kejawen culture of hamemayu hayuning urip bebrayan. Culture staple seller of panunggalan community in Gede Traditional Market-Surakarta makes people together with buyers. This atmosphere makes selling price determination is not solely economic benefits as much as possible. Therefore, the cultural tradition of hamemayu hayuning urip bebrayan becomes an analytical tool. Data was collected through participant observation of the panunggalan community and scholars. The results show cultural mysticism affects selling the price-determining concept that combines economic and noneconomic values. This combination makes selling activities profit and loss and a spiritual and social belief that God gives sustenance through the buyer. An achievement makes it easy for sellers to feel what the buyer feels and considers the buyer, not someone else. This inner and outer whole conviction gave rise to kejawen ethno-economic. Ethno-economics is a transaction activity based on sympathetic feelings and thoughts not to harm (rumangsa handarbeni) by prioritizing honesty and kindness between seller and buyer. The activities of economic actors originate from thebalance between the way of life and activities. The balance to always remember and obey God and love fellow humans as a form of guidelines for living life. Guidelines are the essence of life serenity according to God's will. This condition fosters a close brotherhood of increasing brothers (sedulur). Fraternal relations as a form of harmonious interaction, so far, have provided fluency (pelarisan) and wealth (pesugihan).
Aspectos y problemas de aprender una segunda lengua extranjera, posibles soluciones mediante las tecnologías educativas de juegos en la enseñanza del Inglés
Authors: Inca Chunata Nanci Margarita , Herrera Andrade Zoila Victoria , Ruiz López Edison Renato , Célleri Quinde Silvana Patricia
Published: August 2021

Introducción.  Algunos problemas de la enseñanza de una segunda lengua extranjera en el contexto del principio de variabilidad de la educación ecuatoriana en relación con la necesidad de desarrollar ciertas competencias entre los estudiantes, permitiéndoles participar en una nueva sociedad basada en el conocimiento. Objetivo. Identificar los aspectos y problemas que presentan los diversos grupos de aprendizaje de la lengua extranjera en la educación bàsica, media y superior. Metodología. Se discute un conjunto de problemas relacionados con la enseñanza y el aprendizaje de una segunda lengua extranjera y se proponen formas de resolverlos. El apoyo de las tecnologías de juegos educativos y su aplicación en lecciones de idiomas extranjeros es parte de la metodología para coadyuvar los problemas de aprendizaje, las funciones y el valor de las formas lúdicas de enseñanza en el proceso de enseñanza y educación en una lengua extranjera. Se presta especial atención a la clasificación de juegos de learning and speaking. Resultados. A partir del análisis de las clasificaciones existentes, los autores proponen su propia clasificación, centrándose en los juegos creativos y de rol en las lecciones de idiomas extranjeros. Conclusiones. La enseñanza obligatoria de una segunda lengua extranjera se convertirá en una continuación razonable de la integración del individuo en el espacio mundial. Al usar juegos de computadora, es importante seguir las reglas que ayudan a preservar la salud y la vista de los estudiantes, y también no dejar que un buen pasatiempo los aleje de la realidad.
The valuation of environmental services in the price formation of native rubber in Acre
Authors: Maciel Raimundo Cláudio Gomes , Hundertmarck César Leandro de Christo , Kassai José Roberto , Mangabeira João Alfredo de Carvalho , Cavalcante Filho Pedro Gilberto , Munaretti Alisson Mello
Published: August 2021

The disarticulation of traditional extractionism in the 1960s led to serious socio-economic and environmental problems in the Amazon. The Extractive Reserves (RESEX) arose as a sustainable development alternative for the region. However, the unique challenges in extractive activities – such as native rubber – continue to result in difficulties with economic viability since the market fails to capture the environmental attributes of the forests. These failures may impact the maintenance of eco-systemic services. The payments for environmental services, such as the environmental certification, arise as a way to compensate those who carry out environmental services. The general aim of this study is to evaluate the environmental valuation in the price formation of the rubber productive chain in the state of Acre. We work with the methodology of price formation through trade margin indicators (Markup) and Effective Appropriation according to the structure of the market circuits of the rubber productive chain in the region. Our results indicate that the extractivists of the Chico Mendes RESEX obtained, in the period of 2018/2019, a level of remuneration for their environmental services which may lead to economic viability in rubber production. However, from the standpoint of maintenance of environmental services – as well as the maintenance of the families of the extractivists – that remuneration is still not enough for an effective environmental valuation.
A educação profissional e tecnológica nos Institutos Federais: Uma análise histórica a luz de Paulo Freire
Authors: Silva Âmara Fuccio de Fraga e , Reis Deyse Almeida dos
Published: August 2021

Este artigo tem como objetivo descrever o desenvolvimento da Educação Profissional e Tecnológica ao longo dos séculos XX e XXI, acompanhando as mudanças nas concepções vigentes de trabalho e da sociedade, bem como a adequação dessa modalidade de ensino às novas bases pedagógicas, as quais priorizam a educação formadora da autonomia do aluno. Para tanto, foram relacionados os marcos legais referentes à instituição da Educação Profissional e Tecnológica com as transformações socioeconômicas ao longo do século XX, bem como foi observada a contribuição da pedagogia crítica de Paulo Freire na concepção vigente do ensino técnico profissionalizante.
Larvicidal activity of hydroalcoholic extracts of Persea americana Mill. Seeds against Aedes aegypti
Authors: Serejo Ana Paula Muniz , Everton Gustavo Oliveira , Lacerda Helene do Carmo Castro , Pereira Ana Patrícia Matos , Oliveira João Pedro Mesquita , Lima Thaylanna Pinto de , Felizardo Maria Giulia Alves Carneiro , Coutinho Denise Fernandes
Published: August 2021

This study aimed to evaluate the phytochemical composition of hydroalcoholic extracts from the seeds of Persea americana (avocado) and evaluate the larvicidal activity against Aedes aegypti. The extracts were obtained by maceration in a 70% PA ethanol extractant solvent in 1:4/1:6/1:8 hydromodules (7 days), with subsequent concentration in a rotaevaporator. The larvicidal activity was performed by the method recommended by the WHO Lethal Concentration 50% against Aedes aegypti larvae with statistics by the Probit method. Toxicity to non-target organisms was verified by the Artemia salina test. Activity was observed against Aedes aegypti larvae with LC50 ranging from 181.72-401.96 mg L-1 with a 95% confidence interval. Finally, it states that the extract of P. americana has potential for larvicidal activity and does not present toxicity to target organisms, showing itself to be a sustainable alternative for the control and combat of Aedes aegypti larvae.
Arborização urbana e Educação Ambiental: estudo de caso com o evento “Arboriza Ponta Grossa”
Authors: Santos Gerson Luiz dos , Stuepp Carlos André , Campos Sandro Xavier de , Fragoso Rosimeri de Oliveira
Published: August 2021

A ciência tem mostrado a importância das árvores em ambientes urbanos que, por meio de seus serviços ecossistêmicos, fornecem qualidade de vida à população. Deste modo, levando-se em conta o papel da universidade enquanto formadora de recursos humanos e geradora de ciência aplicada à qualidade de vida e do meio ambiente, objetivou-se investigar como o evento de extensão “Arboriza Ponta Grossa”, organizado anualmente por professores e alunos da Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa e responsável pela produção e doação de mudas de espécies arbóreas, se insere no contexto da Educação Ambiental e na construção de referenciais ambientais acerca da importância das árvores no ambiente urbano. Para tanto, a pesquisa fundamentou-se em uma abordagem qualitativa e como ferramenta de coleta de dados utilizou-se um questionário aplicado às pessoas que participaram do evento. As respostas dos questionários foram analisadas a partir das frequências das respostas observadas, utilizando-se ferramentas do programa Excel para a construção de gráficos. Verificou-se que ações extensionistas como o “Arboriza Ponta Grossa” podem ser consideradas eficientes na promoção da interação entre a universidade e a comunidade, além de atender à objetivos de caráter educacionais e didáticos, sendo um importante subsídio para a formação acadêmica de futuros profissionais comprometidos com a sociedade. O alcance do público e a adesão da população ao evento demonstram o elevado interesse dos participantes em inserir espécies arbóreas nos ambientes urbanos, e permite reforçar a importância de ações como essa para sensibilizar a comunidade sobre o valor ecológico, social e econômico das florestas urbanas.
Avaliação do acesso e qualidade do atendimento odontológico na atenção básica de Patos-PB sob a perspectiva dos usuários
Authors: Silvestre Junior Redson Alves , Braga Maria Luísa de Assis , Coura Tuanny Lopes Alves Silvestre , Borges Faldrécya de Sousa Queiroz , Costa Luciana Ellen Dantas , Feitosa Faldryene de Sousa Queiroz
Published: August 2021

O objeto da pesquisa foi avaliar o acesso e qualidade do atendimento odontológico na atenção básica do município de Patos-PB. Foi realizada uma entrevista com os usuários dos serviços odontológicos das Unidades Básicas de Saúde da Família (UBS) da cidade. Para coleta das informações foi utilizado um instrumento formulado a partir da agregação de questionários previamente validados: QASSaB, dados demográficos e dados sobre a autopercepção de saúde bucal e demanda aos serviços de saúde bucal. Os dados foram analisados pelo programa estatístico SPSS e o teste do Qui-quadrado (IC 95%) avaliou a associação entre as variáveis.  Foram entrevistados 211 usuários, onde 61,6% eram do sexo feminino e a maioria (27%) tinha entre 31-40 anos de idade. 65,4% declararam uma renda mensal familiar de 1-3 salários mínimos, 60,7% nunca tiveram dor de dente e 70,1% consideram sua saúde bucal boa. 38,9% consideraram como “fácil” conseguir uma vaga para o tratamento odontológico na UBS, 32,2% avaliou o tempo de espera como curto e 71,1% tiveram os problemas de saúde resolvidos. 47,4% relataram estar “satisfeitos” com o tratamento odontológico e 53,1% avaliaram como “confortável” a estrutura física das UBSs. A maioria relatou que raramente recebe orientações sobre saúde bucal (60,7%) e os procedimentos de maior procura foram as exodontias (28,8%) e restaurações (32,2%). A localização da UBS apresentou relação significativa com a qualidade dos serviços (p=0,0015). Os usuários das UBSs de Patos-PB encontram-se relativamente satisfeitos com o atendimento odontológico realizado na atenção básica, tendo as suas queixas no geral prontamente atendidas pelos profissionais.
Vantagens e desvantagens dos principais tipos de dietas para cães
Authors: Campos Bruna Beatriz Voos de , Ribas Jessyca Caroline Rocha
Published: August 2021

O relacionamento entre seres humanos e cães estreitaram-se principalmente nos últimos anos em consequência houve um aumento no setor pet food, disponibilizando uma grande variedade de produtos. Com a alta variedade de alimentos disponíveis no mercado, a escolha do tipo de dieta torna-se um processo complexo e confuso. O objetivo da presente revisão bibliográfica é expor as características das principais formas de alimentação para cães bem como suas vantagens e desvantagens. A maioria dos tutores alimentam seus cães com rações comerciais, pela facilidade de compra e armazenamento. Porém, no processo de fabricação destes alimentos, nem sempre as informações contidas no rótulo condizem com os valores nutricionais do produto e existe inclusão de diversos aditivos químicos. Com a crescente popularidade da alimentação não convencional, as dietas naturais e caseiras oferecem outras possibilidades de escolha dos ingredientes, maior palatabilidade e digestibilidade da dieta, porém, devem ser formuladas adequadamente por profissionais evitando assim carências ou excessos de nutrientes.
Morfogênese e estrutura de azevém anual Estanzuela 284 submetido a dois intervalos entre pastoreios
Authors: Confortin Anna Carolina Cerato , Sanches Janaína de Godois , Silva Adriana Macedo da , Monteiro Ítalo Marques
Published: August 2021

Este estudo foi conduzido com objetivo de analisar a influência de diferentes intervalos entre pastoreio sobre as características morfogênicas e estruturais de azevém anual (Lolium multiflorum Lam) cv. Estanzuela 284. O delineamento foi inteiramente casualizado com dois tratamentos (“FIXO”- ocupação da pastagem em intervalos fixos de 28 dias e “DEF”- ocupação da pastagem em intervalo determinado pelo tempo para o acúmulo térmico equivalente a duração da elongação foliar de azevém) e três repetições. A carga animal foi ajustada para a remoção de 50% da massa de forragem inicial em cada período de pastejo. Os animais experimentais foram bezerras de corte da raça Brangus, com idade de oito meses e peso corporal inicial de 150 ±3,9 Kg, e um número variável de bezerras para regular a carga animal. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância, a nível de 5% de significância. Os intervalos entre pastoreios não afetaram as taxas de senescência (TSF), aparecimento (TAF) e de elongação (TEF) foliar. A pastagem manejada com intervalos baseados na duração de elongação foliar apresentou maior porcentagem de folhas e também, com o avanço do ciclo, maior relação folha: colmo. Não se recomenda a adoção de intervalos entre pastoreio fixo para o manejo da pastagem de azevém anual.
A formação de acadêmicos de Enfermagem no contexto Amazônico: as populações negras e quilombolas
Authors: Lemos Alda Lima , Martins Ana Caroline Guedes Souza , Neves Mary Glaucy Brito Chianca , Fonseca Rebeka Santos da , Coelho Aldine Cecília Lima , Galvão Edna Ferreira Coelho
Published: August 2021

Neste artigo, objetiva-se refletir sobre a formação dos acadêmicos de enfermagem das Instituições de Ensino Superior (IES) da região do oeste do Pará no tocante a assistência integral à saúde das populações negras/quilombolas. É uma pesquisa descritiva, com abordagem qualitativa. Os participantes do estudo foram professores e acadêmicos de enfermagem de duas IES de Santarém-PA. Foram realizadas entrevistas individuais e utilizou-se o software IRAMUTEQ para avaliação das falas, através da ferramenta Classificação Hierárquica Descendente, para avaliação qualitativa e quantitativa. Constatou-se que tanto professores quanto acadêmicos têm conhecimentos básicos sobre a Política Nacional de Saúde Integral da População Negra (PNSIPN) e sobre as peculiaridades do modo de vida desta população. Verificou-se também que as IES ainda têm dificuldade em colocar em prática a proposta do Projeto Pedagógico do Curso (PPC), que é uma ferramenta de planejamento e avaliação pedagógica que norteia as diretrizes curriculares dos cursos de enfermagem.
Transformações observadas pelos atores sociais na várzea de Igarapé-Miri (PA) a partir o aumento da produção do açaí (Euterpe oleracea Mart.)
Authors: Almeida Benedito de Brito , Cordeiro Yvens Ely Martins , Beltrão Norma Ely Santos , Tavares Francinei Bentes , Sousa Ronaldo Lopes de , Nascimento Afonso Welliton de Sousa
Published: August 2021

A produção de açaí (Euterpe oleracea Mart), que no início dos anos 1990 era basicamente extrativista, tornou-se a principal ocupação e fonte de renda dos ribeirinhos paraenses, levando a uma nova forma de organização social e inúmeras transformações em seu território. Para melhor compreender esse processo, este trabalho buscou avaliar, através do olhar desses sujeitos, as alterações percebidas a partir da expansão e consolidação do açaí na várzea do município de Igarapé-Miri. Para alcance desse objetivo, utilizou-se a metodologia de construção de mapas cognitivos, por se tratar de uma ferramenta eficaz em pesquisa qualitativas, tanto na coleta de dados quanto na apresentação dos resultados, distribuindo graficamente de forma hierárquica as ligações dos conceitos meio e fim informados pelos entrevistados. Ao final, os mapas mostraram-se eficientes e adequados ao propósito em questão, pois permitiram a constatação das principais alterações percebidas pelos decisores e classificá-las como positivas ou negativas, atribuindo valores e pesos individualmente. Concluiu-se que a produção atual de açaí segue um modelo que busca por maiores rendimentos financeiros e que está acima da consciência ambiental: se por um lado as transformações econômicas são consideradas positivas na grande maioria dos casos, as transformações no ambiente são completamente opostas.