bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Pertumbuhan Perusahaan dan Struktur Modal Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan dengan Profitabilitas sebagai Variabel Intervening
Authors: Omega Meisy Trisna , Gede Widiastina
Published: December 2024

The purpose of the research is to examine the influence of company growth and capital structure on company value through profitability. This research was conducted at LQ45 Company on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) for the 2019- 2022 period. Observations were carried out via the website www.idx.co.id. This research uses 27 companies as samples that meet the sample criteria. The analysis method used is variance-based Structured Equation Modeling (SEM) or component-based SEM, more often called Partial Least Squares (PLS). The results of this research are that company growth and capital structure both simultaneously and partially have no effect on company value and profitability on company value has an effect and is not significant.
Prevendo a crise financeira no futebol Espanhol (2018-2021): o papel adaptativo da competição
Authors: López Antonio Somoza
Published: December 2024

Objetivo do estudo: O objetivo deste artigo é analisar e comparar a situação de crise financeira no futebol, com foco tanto na primeira quanto na segunda divisãoMetodologia/abordagem: Inicialmente, calculamos as pontuações comparativas de modelos como Altman (1968, 1983, 2000, 2016), Conan e Holder (1979), Springate (1978), Taffler (1982) e Zmijewski (1984). Posteriormente, aplicamos a análise fatorial para investigar as diferenças entre as equipes. Finalmente, reestimamos os modelos para os dados e contrastamos os resultados.Originalidade/Relevância: As descobertas revelam que a rentabilidade e o endividamento são as principais variáveis explicativas, destacando a falta de adaptação das equipes aos choques. Além disso, as equipes de segunda divisão mostraram melhor solvência e rentabilidade do que os clubes de primeira divisão no ano seguinte ao surto da pandemia.Principais resultados: Os resultados revelam que a lucratividade e a endividamento são as principais variáveis explicativas, destacando a falta de adaptação das equipes a choques. Além disso, os times da segunda divisão apresentaram melhor solvência e lucratividade do que os clubes da primeira divisão no ano seguinte ao surto da pandemia.Contribuições teóricas/metodológicas: A nível teórico, esta pesquisa avalia a adequação desses modelos para este setor e sublinha a necessidade de restringir despesas durante um período excepcional.
Modern development of soil organic matter dynamics models (review)
Authors: Ryzhova I. M. , Romanenkov Vladimir A. , Stepanenko Viktor M.
Published: December 2024

Soils are the largest terrestrial reservoir of organic carbon, so even small changes in soil carbon stocks can have significant effects on the atmosphere and climate. To select effective strategies to mitigate climate change, predictions of how soils will respond to future changes in climate and land use are needed. Achieving meaningful predictions requires a deep understanding of the highly complex, open, multicomponent soil organic matter system. One of the most effective methods for predicting the dynamics of soil organic matter is mathematical modeling. Process-oriented (physically based) models make it possible to present the basic concepts about the mechanisms that determine the behavior of this system in a mathematically formalized form and conduct a quantitative analysis. The uncertainty of the forecasts depends on the level of development of the theory explaining the dynamics of soil organic matter, the models representing it and their experimental support. This review examines the achievements of the last decade in modeling the role of microorganisms in the stabilization of soil organic matter, the concept of soil saturation with organic carbon, temperature control, as well as the development of reactive transport models describing the dynamics of organic carbon in the soil profile, and the representation of the dynamics of soil organic matter in global climate models. Unsolved problems associated with the high variability in the structure of new generation soil organic matter dynamics models are discussed.
The functioning of petroleum hydrocarbon contaminatied soils in the taiga zone of Western Siberia
Authors: Kovaleva Ekaterina Ig. , Trofimov Sergey Ya. , Shoba Sergey A.
Published: December 2024

The soils of two pairs of catena were studied under conditions of petroleum hydrocarbon (PH) contamination and lack of exposure within the Middle Taiga subzone (Tyumen region). 1st pair of catena: Gleyic Albic Podzol, Dystric Gleyic Histic Fluvisols, Dystric Gleyic Fluvisols; 2nd pair of catena:Albic Gleyic Retisols, Albic Gleyic Histic Retisols, Dystric Histic Gleysols . The effects of PH contamination on the biological characteristics of soils (respiration and catalase activity) and the possibility of their use for rationing the content of PH in soils were evaluated. The lateral migration of PH in soils prevailed over the radial one. The highest concentrations of PH were adsorbed in the upper peat layer (from 83 to 399 g∙kg-1). For soils of the superaqual position, a radial monotonously decreasing distribution of PH along the profile was revealed (from 40–50 to 3–4 g∙kg-1). PH contamination of soils led to a violation of the barrier and transformational hydrosphere functions of soils. The pH reaction of soils significantly changed towards alkalinization (0,5 to 2,0 pH units). The accumulation of chlorides (up to 0,7 g∙kg-1) with a maximum in the soils of the superaqual position was recorded; a reliable correlation was established between the pairs: the content of PH — pH, PH - Cl- and Cl- — pH, which indicated the income of crude oil into the soil as a result of emergency pipeline holes. PH underwent changes over time: heavy high-boiling hydrocarbons (99.9%) were present in the soils after 3 years of pollution. A significant correlation was revealed between PH and basal respiration (BR): direct for humic and reverse for organic soil horizons. It was found the microbial coefficient of qCO2 in organic soils of Western Siberia under oil contamination decreased with an increase in the concentration of PH. A negative correlation was found between PH concentrations and catalase activity in soils (R = — 0,80 — (– 0,90), p<0,05). The levels of PH content at which stable soil functioning occurs are justified: no more than 6,8 g∙kg-1 for soils with 1-year contamination and 2,3 g∙kg-1 for soils with 3-year contamination and high concentrations of salts.
Radioecological situation in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems in the area of the location of the enterprise «State scientific center — Research institute of nuclear reactors»
Authors: Tsvetnova Olga B. , Kortunkov Eduard Al. , Shcheglov Alexey I.
Published: December 2024

The article analyzes the features of the radioecological situation in the zone of possible influence of the State Scientific Center «Scientific Research Institute of Atomic Rectors» (SSC NIIAR, Dimitrovgrad, Ulyanovsk region). Field studies were conducted according to the methods recommended for conducting radioecological monitoring. Measurements of the specific activity of natural and man-made radionuclides were carried out on a scintillation gamma-ray spectrometer «Multirad» (Russia) with a scintillation detector NaI(Tl) 63×63 mm in 3-fold repetition. It is shown that at present the radioecological situation in the forests in the territory under consideration is satisfactory: the power of the equivalent absorbed dose of gamma radiation, the density of soil pollution and the levels of specific activity of 137Cs in biota do not exceed the normative indicators, with the exception of fungi, the specific activity of which is close to the maximum normative -2500 Bq∙kg-1. In the Cheremshansky Bay of Volga River the volume activity of 137Cs in the surface and bottom waters does not exceed the standard (11 Bq∙l-1), however, significant amounts of technogenic radionuclides such as 137Cs, 134Cs, 60Co were found in the bottom sediments. In forest and aquatic ecosystems, «critical components» can be distinguished, which are characterized by an increased storage capacity in relation to man-made radionuclides. In forest ecosystems, this is the litter of gray typical forest soil and the dark humus horizon of the urban quasi-ecosystem, and the components of the biota are higher fungi. In aquatic ecosystems — there are bottom sediments.
A fundamental model of water retention based on the theory of disjoining pressure of soil water
Authors: Smagin Andrey V
Published: December 2024

The article presents a new methodological approach to modeling the soil water retention curve (WRC), based entirely on the Deryagin phenomenon of wedging pressure of water films in relation to the soil physical system. It operates with a variable mass fraction of the liquid phase (soil solution) with the parameters of the concentration and charge of electrolyte ions, the specific surface area of the solid phase, as well as limitations by porosity and the standard potential of a conditionally zero water content in the soil. The new model, validated according to the author’s and independent literature data for soils of various genesis and granulometric composition from sands to clays, showed good agreement with experimental data and a more adequate description of water retention with normalized root-mean-square errors 5-10 times smaller compared with the most common empirical van Genuchten model for describing the WRC. Along with an adequate description of WRC in the entire range from the state of water saturation to conditionally zero water content, the new model makes it possible to analytically calculate pore size distributions, estimate the generalized Hammaker constant for interphase molecular interactions of liquid and solid phases of soil, the Debye thickness of the double electric layer and the specific surface area of the solid phase of soil, alternatively to the standard BET method.
Evaluation of the effectiveness of different types of drainage on mineral heavy loamy soils: parameters, modes, the need for reconstruction of drainage systems
Authors: Kovalev Ivan V.
Published: December 2024

Influence of plastic trenchless and pottery trench drainage on physical and chemical properties of mineral ogleyed soils formed on carbonate-free loess-like loams with medium and low water permeability (Kf 0.1–0.3 m∙day-1) is estimated. The peculiarities of water regime of gray forest gleied soils of different degree of gleying in years of different moisture content were revealed. In profile of gleyed soils in spring and fall two-tiered top-water is formed that causes decrease of crop yield or their death. Drainage has been shown to eliminate topsoil water. Pottery trench and plastic trenchless drainage have close agroecological and hydrological influence on the considered soils. Transformation of physical and chemical properties as well as humus state of soils drained by different types of drainage has been established. Long-term studies of plastic and pottery drainage aft ereffects allow to study evolution of drained soils and adjacent landscape. On the basis of 30-year study of heavy loamy soils and ferromanganese nodules it is proposed for the first time to use the parameter «carbon content in Fe-Mn ortsteins»: firstly, for diagnostics of soil hydromorphism degree; secondly, for evaluation of drainage systems efficiency and expediency of their reconstruction.
Analysis of the cadastral value of agricultural land in the Altai territory
Authors: Sapozhnikov Pyotr M. , Korsikova Sofia Al. , Konontseva Elena V.
Published: December 2024

The normative yield and cadastral value of agricultural lands of Altai Krai have been estimated. 123 soils from sod-podzolic to mountain soils in different agroclimatic conditions and landscape elements were characterized. The cadastral value varies in the range of values from 17.2 rub.∙м-2 for leached chernozems to 0.02 rub.∙м-2 for automorphous typical solonchaks. The increase in cadastral value is associated with the growth of agroclimatic potential. The highest values of cadastral value and normative yield correspond to the zone of podzolized and leached chernozems, dark gray and gray forest soils of Salair foothills, the lowest values of cadastral value and normative yield are characteristic of the zone of chestnut soils of dry steppes. According to median values of specific indicators of cadastral value in a number of chernozems the following dependence can be distinguished: typical chernozems> leached chernozems> podzolized chernozems> ordinary chernozems> southern chernozems. The sensitivity of cadastral value to degradation processes is shown: soil washout reduces specific indicators of cadastral value from 5% to 88%, deflation — by 5–92%, salinization — from 13 to 36%, gleying — up to 66%.
Effect of Light Intensity on Ammonium Removal and Biomass Growth in Different Levels of Aquaculture Effluent Using Duckweed (Lemna perpusilla)
Authors: Agus Waluyo  , Nirmala Kukuh , Satya Awalina , Puji Hastuti Yuni , Chrismadha Tjandra , Susanti Evi , Sumi Lestari Fajar , Nafisyah Eva , Sugiarti  , Nasrul Muit
Published: December 2024

Cultivating duckweed in aquaculture effluent offers a viable approach to eliminating contaminants. The duckweed biomass obtained can be utilized for the generation of bioenergy. However, elevated levels of ammonium (NH4+) in aquaculture effluent, combined with variations in light intensity, can hinder biomass formation. The precise mechanisms underlying this inhibition remain incompletely elucidated. The study assessed the efficacy of duckweed (Lemna perpusilla) as a treatment agent for wastewater from catfish farms. The objective was to evaluate the growth response of duckweed and its efficacy in reducing ammonium levels. The research demonstrated that daily light intensity fluctuated using shade nets and that the ammonium concentration of aquaculture wastewater varied according to the age of the fish. The shade nets, which blocked 25% of the sunlight and had an average daily light intensity of 3433.34–15199.56 lux, demonstrated a slightly elevated NH4+ removal efficiency and duckweed productivity of 69.34% and 0.050 kg/m²/day, respectively. However, these values were not statistically significant when compared to conditions without shade nets, which had a removal efficiency of 63.97% and duckweed productivity of 0.042kg/m2/day (P<0.05). The implementation of shade structures that effectively decrease solar exposure by 25% shows promise for enhancing duckweed productivity and optimizing nutrient reduction in wastewater from fish cultivation systems. This approach contributes to the promotion of sustainable integrated aquaculture.
Forfeiture of goods illegally brought into the customsterritory of the EU and customs duties and taxes
Authors: Laszuk dr hab. Mirosława
Published: December 2024

Taxes as an instrument supporting the European Union’senvironmental policy
Implications of European Union legislation for Polishlaw in terms of shaping the model of joint and severalliability in VAT
Authors: Rycielski Radosław
Published: December 2024

tax administration, taxpayer, cooperation, supervision, audit
Taxes as an instrument supporting the European Union’senvironmental policy
Authors: Szymczyk Przemysław , Szymański Waldemar
Published: December 2024

The article analyses the budgetary significance and effectiveness of environmental taxes as a financial instrumentfor implementing the European Union’s environmental policy. For research purposes, the thesis was formulated thatenvironmental taxes and fees are an effective instrument for supporting the implementation of the European Union’senvironmental policy. The article highlights their stimulating and indirect character, and in particular draws attentionto the factors determining the effectiveness of environmental taxes as an instrument of environmental policy implementation.In the analytical part of the study, based on publicly available data from Eurostat and the OECD, ananalysis was made to determine the budgetary significance of these taxes and the structure of their revenues in theyears 2010-2021. In order to determine the effectiveness of these taxes in implementing environmental policy, theirbudgetary significance was linked to the measures of monitoring the implementation of the objectives under the„European Green Deal” in the years 2008-2021, and in some cases, due to limited data availability, this period wasnarrowed to the years 2012-2021. Based on the analysis, the formulated thesis was critically addressed.
Genetic diversity analysis in radiation induced small grain mutants of rice (Oryza sativa)
Authors: ARUNACHALAM P , VANNIARAJAN C , SOUFRAMANIEN J , LALITHA R , PALANIYAPPAN S
Published: December 2024

Present study was carried out during rainy (kharif) 2018 and winter (rabi) seasons of 2018–19 at Agricultural College and Research Institute (Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu), Madurai, Tamil Nadu aimed to understand extent of genetic diversity among small grain mutants and group them by multivariate analysis to excise further selection for grain quality and grain yield improvement. The small grain mutants were grouped into 10 clusters based on genetic diversity by D2 values. The maximum cluster distance was estimated between cluster IX and cluster VIII and least inter cluster distance was obtained between cluster V and cluster X. After early generation selection of mutants for small grain size and early maturity; from remaining variability, the trait grain yield/plant contributed maximum to genetic diversity. Which offers scope for selecting high yielding genotypes with reduced grain size. The high positive values of the co- efficient of the vector were obtained from the total tillers/ plant, number of productive tillers, plant height at maturity, number of grains/panicle, and number of filled grains/ panicle from PC 1 and PC 2. Grouping based on PC 1 and PC 2 biplots helps to understand the contribution of traits to each group of genotypes. The information derived from this study will help to develop rice cultivars with improved grain quality and grain yield.
Studies on impact of different levels and frequencies of nitrogen fertigation on capsicum (Capsicum annuum) crop
Authors: KANAHIYA KRISHAN , JHORAR R K , KUMAR SANJAY , BUNDELA D S , KUMAR MUKESH , MEHLA MUKESH KUMAR , HARODE PAVAN KUMAR
Published: December 2024

Capsicum is a major nutrient-rich vegetable crop grown all over India. The drip irrigation method is the best suited for capsicum crop, particularly due to water scarcity. A study was carried out during 2019–20 at Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana to examine the influence of three different nitrogen fertigation level (75, 100, and 125% RDN) and three different combinations of fertigation frequency i.e. with every irrigation, weekly and fortnightly, with drip irrigation on different parameters of capsicum crop. Urea was applied on the experimental fields as the major source of nitrogen. Fertigation level of 125% RDN applied with every irrigation (FF1FL3) obtained the highest fruit yield (178.4 q/ha), while the lowest yield (158.2 q/ha) was recorded with 75% RDN in FF1FL1 treatment. In comparison to fertigation frequency with every irrigation and 75% RDN, 33.7% and 34.5% more yield was obtained in 100 and 125% RDN treatment. Average plant height, fruit width, fruit length, fruits/plant, and fruit weight were found maximum at 125% RDN, followed by 100% RDN under with every irrigation. The experiment results showed that the highest water use efficiency (3.7 kg/m3) was obtained with treatment FF1FL3, while lowest (3.2 kg/m3) was found in FF3FL1 treatment. However, the treatment with 75% RDN with every irrigation fertigation frequency showed maximum nitrogen use efficiency (134.8). The nitrogen use efficiency increased when the nitrogen fertigation level decreased from 125–75%.
Evaluation of yield and aphid resistance of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea) accessions under acidic soil of Meghalaya
Authors: TINGNUNNIANG  , JAMES M , AHMAD FARZANA , YADAV RASHMI , MONDAL HOSSAIN ALI
Published: December 2024

The present study was carried out during winter (rabi) season of 2021 at the Research Farm of College of Post Graduate Studies in Agricultural Sciences (Central Agricultural University, Imphal, Manipur), Umiam, Meghalaya to assess the yield and aphid resistance of Indian mustard accessions under acidic soil of Meghalaya. A total of 95 accessions were evaluated in the acidic soils of north-eastern hill regions (NEHR) of India with concomitant problems of low phosphorus availability and aluminum toxicity followed by a specialist and a generalist aphid resistance evaluation. The result evidenced that the number of siliques/plant (NSQPP), biological yield (BY), dry weight (DW), number of seeds/siliqua (NSPS), and number of secondary branches/plant (NSB) were found to be highly correlated with seed yield/plant (SYPP). Principal component analysis (PCA) gave a biplot with atleast two diverse groups. The extreme genotypes i.e. Vardan, RH-0923, RL-JEB-84, and PM24 of the first quadrant in PCA had high yield and its attributing traits. Aphid resistance study using different indices in the selected genotypes evidenced an elevated resistance level. The genotypes RMM-09-10 and RL-JEB-84 could be considered as higher resistant against both two aphid spp., Lipaphis erysimi and Myzus persicae, a specialist and generalist aphid, respectively.
LAS TECNOLOGÍAS DE LA INFORMACIÓN Y LA COMUNICACIÓN EN EL DESARROLLO DE LA LECTURA
Authors: Santos Zambrano Rocío Katiuska , Lanche Obaco Líder Biasis
Published: December 2024

Los avances digitales no se integran de manera sistémica al proceso docente, es común que no se empleen en las tareas diarias de la enseñanza, sin embargo, los alumnos las usan constantemente. La presente investigación, a partir de este planteamiento, se propuso como objetivo analizar la incidencia de las Tecnologías de la Información y la comunicación (TIC) en el desarrollo de la lectura en el 2do. Año de Educación General Básica en la Escuela Carlos Vélez Verduga del cantón el Carmen provincia de Manabí en base a un enfoque mixto, el cual se basó en la encuesta a estudiantes y una entrevista a los docentes como técnicas de investigación, por lo que permite profundizar en la descripción del fenómeno por medio de un método analítico por lo que se centra en comprender la situación actual de la integración de las TIC en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de la lectura, identificando tanto los aspectos positivos como las limitaciones existentes. El instrumento aplicado se basó en un cuestionario y una guía de entrevista que permitió constatar que es manifiesto el gusto por la lectura y por el acompañamiento de esta actividad con imágenes y videos y los docentes ratifican la sistematicidad en el desarrollo de actividades de lectura. El recurso preferido por estudiantes para la enseñanza de la lectura es el libro de texto indicado para el 2do. Año de Educación Básica. Las herramientas digitales dentro del uso de las TIC pueden potenciar el perfeccionamiento del proceso docente educativo, pero se manifiesta desconocimiento y por consiguiente su uso es limitado. El diseño de estrategias didácticas mediante el empleo de las TIC se limita a actividades simples aisladas, por lo que se necesita de actividades metodológicas para la capacitación en este sentido
EVOLUCIÓN DE LOS DERECHOS DE LAS MUJERES EN PERIODO DE MATERNIDAD Y LACTANCIA. UN ANÁLISIS DE LOS PRECEDENTES JURISPRUDENCIALES DISPUESTOS POR LA CORTE CONSTITUCIONAL EN EL ECUADOR
Authors: Polo Vega Dolores , Vallejo Cárdenas Paola
Published: December 2024

La lactancia materna es crucial para la salud y desarrollo del recién nacido. La Constitución y leyes como la Ley de Fomento, Apoyo y Protección a la Lactancia Materna, garantizan este derecho. El derecho de cuidado del recién nacido es una responsabilidad principalmente de la madre, pero debe ser apoyado por toda la familia y el Estado. En ese sentido, el presente artículo tuvo como objetivo el análisis de la evolución de los derechos de las mujeres durante la maternidad y lactancia en Ecuador a partir de los precedentes jurisprudenciales dispuestos por la Corte Constitucional del Ecuador. Esta investigación se enfocó en cómo estos derechos, han sido vulnerados en la práctica, tanto en el sector público como privado. Para ello, se aplicó una metodología con enfoque cualitativo, de tipo descriptivo, no experimental, con un método inductivo-deductivo partiendo de la generalidad a la singularidad, analítico-sintético y dogmático jurídico, con la aplicación de la técnica de revisión bibliográfica y como instrumentos se empleó el fichaje de diferentes bases académicas como Redalyc y Scielo. Con esta base, se analizó el criterio de varios autores, la normativa pertinente y varias sentencias de la Corte Constitucional del Ecuador, lo que permitió comprender conceptos como el de estabilidad laboral reforzada, discriminación, maternidad, lactancia y derecho de cuidado. Esta investigación concluyó que a pesar de que existe normativa nacional e internacional que protege los derechos estudiados los mismos siguen siendo vulnerados por lo que el artículo propone la promoción de políticas públicas para fortalecer su protección legal.
LA VULNERACIÓN DE LOS DERECHOS DE LAS VÍCTIMAS EN EL ARCHIVO DE INVESTIGACIONES PENALES PREVIAS EN ECUADOR
Authors: Polo Hernández Joar , Pozo Cabrera Enrique
Published: December 2024

Toda persona tiene derecho a una tutela judicial efectiva, garantizada por la Constitución, especialmente cuando se ven afectados sus derechos. En el ámbito penal, el Estado, a través de la Fiscalía, tiene la obligación de investigar y sancionar conductas delictivas, siguiendo un orden jurídico que asegure el respeto a los derechos fundamentales. No obstante, en muchos casos, la imposibilidad de llegar a una resolución adecuada se debe a obstáculos en la investigación que llevan a la impunidad, lo que afecta gravemente a las víctimas. Este artículo aborda la problemática relacionada con los archivos de investigaciones previas en el proceso penal ecuatoriano, especialmente cuando vulneran los derechos de las víctimas, impidiendo la impugnación de tales decisiones. La investigación se realizó mediante un enfoque cualitativo, utilizando el método inductivo-deductivo para analizar las sentencias emitidas por la Corte Constitucional y las normas aplicables. Se empleó la técnica de comparación y el análisis documental como instrumentos principales para examinar las falencias en la protección de los derechos de las víctimas. Se concluye que, aunque la Corte ha establecido la posibilidad de recurrir en casos graves, no se han definido claramente los criterios para determinar qué casos califican bajo esta excepción, dejando a las víctimas en un estado de indefensión. Se destaca la necesidad de mejorar los mecanismos procesales para garantizar una protección efectiva de los derechos de las víctimas en el sistema judicial.
VIOLACIÓN DE DERECHOS A MIEMBROS DE LA POLICÍA NACIONAL DEL ECUADOR, EN TRÁMITES ADMINISTRATIVOS DISCIPLINARIOS
Authors: Caraguay Pinta Marco , Trelles Vicuña Diego
Published: December 2024

El Código Orgánico de las Entidades de Seguridad Ciudadana y Orden Público (COESCOP) y su reglamento sustitutivo de 2023 regulan la Policía Nacional del Ecuador. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo analizar las violaciones a los derechos constitucionales de los servidores policiales en procedimientos disciplinarios administrativos, específicamente en relación con la ausencia injustificada al servicio por privación de libertad no vinculada a actos de servicio. Se utilizó un enfoque cualitativo, basado en la revisión de normas, jurisprudencia y análisis comparado con regulaciones policiales de otros países como Perú y Colombia. Además, se empleó un enfoque cuantitativo para analizar estadísticas de sanciones impuestas en los años 2022 y 2023. La investigación utilizó la técnica de análisis documental y el instrumento principal fue la revisión normativa y de expedientes administrativos. Los resultados evidencian la vulneración de derechos fundamentales como el derecho al trabajo y la seguridad jurídica. Se concluye que es necesario reformar el Reglamento Sustitutivo del COESCOP para garantizar el respeto a los derechos constitucionales de los policías y evitar interpretaciones incorrectas que derivan en sanciones injustas. La capacitación adecuada del personal encargado de administrar justicia dentro de la Policía Nacional es crucial para prevenir futuras violaciones de derechos.
EL IMPACTO DE LA VIOLENCIA POLÍTICA DE GÉNERO EN LA ESTABILIDAD DEMOCRÁTICA Y EL SISTEMA JUDICIAL EN ECUADOR
Authors: González Parra Tanya , Trelles Vicuña Diego
Published: December 2024

La violencia política de género en Ecuador plantea un desafío significativo que impacta la estabilidad democrática y el sistema judicial del país. A pesar de los avances normativos en igualdad de género, la falta de aplicación efectiva de las leyes existentes y el escaso control judicial han normalizado este fenómeno, creando un ambiente propicio para la vulneración de los derechos políticos de las mujeres. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo abordar de manera integral esta problemática, comprendiendo a fondo sus implicaciones socio-políticas y proponiendo medidas concretas para prevenir y combatir la violencia política de género en Ecuador. El estudio se desarrolló bajo un enfoque cualitativo, con un diseño no experimental y de alcance exploratorio-descriptivo. Se utilizaron técnicas de revisión bibliográfica y análisis de casos, con instrumentos como la revisión de normativa legal, jurisprudencia y documentos especializados en el tema. Los resultados se centraron en la identificación de barreras discriminatorias y en la propuesta de reformas legales, mientras que las conclusiones destacan la urgencia de fortalecer el acceso a la justicia para las víctimas y promover la participación igualitaria de las mujeres en la vida política del país. Se identificaron fallas en la implementación de la legislación existente y se propone la creación de protocolos más específicos para enfrentar esta forma de violencia, buscando fortalecer la democracia y la igualdad de género en Ecuador.
DİRENÇLİ TEDARİK ZİNCİRİ YÖNETİMİNDE KRİTİK RİSK FAKTÖRLERİNİN SWARA YÖNTEMİ İLE BELİRLENMESİ
Authors: Derici Serkan
Published: December 2024

İnsanlık tarihinde ilk olarak fiziksel dağıtım şeklinde ortaya çıkan tedarik zinciri yönetimi günümüzde birçok faktörden etkilenen küresel bir sektör haline gelmiştir. Artık şirketler uluslararası alanda faaliyet gösterebilmekte, uluslararası tedarikçilerle iş birliği yapabilmektedir. Bu durum tedarik zincirlerinin doğru stratejilerle yürütülmediğinde dalgalanmalara ve kırılmalara yol açarak aksamalara neden olmaktadır. Dünya genelinde finansal krizler ve doğal afetlerle birlikte tedarik zincirlerinde sorunlar görülse de, bu sorunlar Covid 19 pandemisi döneminde zirve yapmıştır. Sadece ulusal firmalar değil küresel anlamda tüm firmalar tedarik sorunu yaşamış, büyük ölçekli firmalar bile faaliyet yürütemez bir hale gelmiştir. Tüm bu durumlar afet dönemleri karşısında tedarik zincirlerinin dirençli olması gerekliliğini ortaya koymuştur. Afet durumlarının zararlarının minimize edilmesi ve tedarik sorunları yaşamaması için tedarik zincirlerinin dirençli olması gerekmektedir. Covid 19 pandemisi ile beraber dirençli tedarik zincirleri ya da dayanıklı tedarik zincirleri üzerine çalışmalar yoğunlaşmış olsa da farklı yöntemler ve bakış açılarıyla literatürün zenginleştirilmesi gerekmektedir. Bu nedenle bu çalışma tasarlanmış ve çok kriterli karar verme yöntemlerinden SWARA yöntemleriyle dirençli tedarik zinciri yönetiminde önemli rol oynayan kritik risk faktörlerinin ve önem derecelerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu doğrultuda literatürde yapılan detaylı incelemeler sonucunda kritik risk faktörleri belirlenmiş, tedarik zinciri yönetiminde rol alan altı uzman tarafından ise karşılaştırılarak ağırlıklandırılmıştır. Yapılan analizler sonucunda kritik risk faktörleri belirlenerek, sıralanmış ve yöneticilerin hangi konulara öncelik vermesi gerektiği belirlenmiştir. Tedarik zinciri yönetiminde dirençliliği etkileyen söz konusu kritik risk faktörlerinin bilinmesi, işletme yöneticilerinin bunların farkına vararak organizasyonlarını dizayn etmelerinde ve dirençli bir yapı oluşturmaları bakımından önem arz etmektedir. Bu bakımdan çalışma sonuçları, tedarik zincirlerinin dirençlilik bakımından tasarlanmasına, işletmelerin kendilerini kontrol ederek süreçlerini iyileştirmelerine ve sektörel çalışanların dirençli tedarik zinciri algılarını belirlemelerine katkıda bulunacaktır.
ANÁLISE DAS DEMONSTRAÇÕES CONTÁBEIS COMO INSTRUMENTO DE PREVISÃO DE INSOLVÊNCIA: ESTUDO DE CASO DE UMA EMPRESA DE CAPITAL ABERTO EM PROCESSO DE RECUPERAÇÃO EXTRAJUDICIAL
Authors: Braido Pâmela Caroline , Esteves Fernanda Menezes Ferrari
Published: December 2024

The effective analysis of financial statements and economic-financial indicators can be a great ally for companies that seek to identify financial problems early, since by identifying possible difficulties in advance, it is possible to avoid insolvency. Thus, the objective of this work is to analyze the performance from 2021 to 2023 of a large retail company, in addition to understanding the main aspects of Law 14.112 of 2020, presenting the types of financial statements and economic-financial indicators that contribute to the early identification of financial difficulties and analyzing the financial statements released by this organization. With this purpose, through a qualitative research, a bibliographic research was carried out to analyze the theoretical concepts used in this article, characterizing the research as explanatory. In addition, the documents released by the studied company were analyzed to verify its financial and economic situation between the years 2021 and 2023, classifying this research as documentary and case study. The results showed that since 2021 the statements and indicators pointed out that the company was becoming unable to meet its payments and the state of insolvency was imminent. It is concluded that the request for out-of-court reorganization announced in 2024 could have been avoided through effective and early analysis of the data and with assertive decision-making by the organization's management.
‘Prevention is Better Than Cure’: Smallpox Vaccination in Postcolonial Tanzania, 1961–1980
Authors: Sadock Musa
Published: December 2024

This article examines the smallpox vaccination programme in postcolonial Tanzania from the1960s to the early 1980s as part of the postcolonial future making in preventive medicine.The article departs from extant scholarship on smallpox vaccination in postcolonialTanzania, which depicts the intervention as a success, while relegating to the backgroundchallenges associated with the intervention. The article argues that the smallpox vaccinationprogramme registered challenges and successes that offer lessons for combating of futureepidemics. The achievements of the programme were due to the adoption of specific publichealth policies, namely mass vaccination and public health education as well as reception ofexternal assistance from the World Health Organization and donor countries, the use of tencell house structure, and political mobilization. The obstacles included administrative,transport, and cultural problems. The article adds to the historiography of public health inTanzania, and it has the potential of offering lessons on dealing with present and futureepidemics, especially Covid-19 and Mpox.
Nurturing Traditional Midwifery and Medicine: The Entangled Path of Health Integration in Post-Independence Kilombero, Tanzania
Authors: Kimani Veronica
Published: December 2024

This paper focuses on the Tanzanian government’s ambitious endeavour to enhance health,particularly midwifery services following independence. The initial strategy by thegovernment involved promoting Western medicine by establishing healthcare facilities andtraining medical personnel. However, the strain of a burgeoning population and limitedresources soon became evident, prompting the government to recognise the need for theincorporation of traditional medicine, previously overlooked. This integration posed itsown set of obstacles, as the focus on herbal remedies overshadowed crucial aspects ofconventional midwifery, such as rituals. While research has shown the resolve of thegovernment towards medical integration between different players, this paper shows thatincorporating other actors such as voluntary agencies and traditional health workersproved a formidable task for the post-independent government. Using examples fromKilombero District, this paper examines the complexities and setbacks of governmentplanning in this context, highlighting how the intended path to improvement tookunexpected turns, failures, and detours, leading to a re-evaluation of strategies andpriorities on the part of the government, while the people embraced a hybrid of medicaltherapies.
Optimizing Intrusion Detection for DoS, DDoS, and Mirai Attacks Subtypes Using Hierarchical Feature Selection and CatBoost on the CICIoT2023 Dataset
Authors: Hajjouz Abdulkader , Avksentieva Elena
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Modern networks suffer until unheard of vulnerabilities that need for advanced intrusion detection systems (IDS) given the growing danger presented by DoS, DDoS, and Mirai attacks. Research on the identification of certain attack subtypes is still lacking even with the CICIoT2023 dataset, which offers a complete basis for evaluating these cyber hazards. Usually, aggregating attacks into more general categories, existing research neglects the complex characteristics of specific subtypes, therefore reducing the detection effectiveness.Methods: This work presents a novel IDS model aiming at high accuracy detection of DoS, DDoS, and Mirai attack subtypes. Using hierarchical feature selection and the CatBoost algorithm on the CICIoT2023 dataset, our model addresses the problems of high-dimensional data and emphasizes on keeping the most important features by means of advanced preprocessing methods including Spearman correlation and hierarchical clustering. Furthermore, used is stratified sampling to guarantee in the training and testing stages fair representation of attack types, both common and uncommon.Results: With an amazing Prediction Time per Network Flow of 7.16e-07 seconds, our model shows a breakthrough in intrusion detection performance by means of rigorous stratified cross-valuation, thereby attaining outstanding outcomes in accuracy, recall, and precision.Conclusions: Our method not only closes a significant gap in current knowledge but also establishes a new benchmark in cybersecurity by providing very detailed protection mechanisms against advanced threats. This study marks major progress in network security as it gives companies a more efficient instrument to recognize and minimize certain cyber risks with better precision and effectiveness
Mastitis on YouTube: analysis of Medical Information, Credibility, and Discursive Perspectives
Authors: Torres-Toukoumidis Angel , León-Alberca Tatiana , Marín-Gutiérrez Isidro , Chimbo-Sacoto Juan , León-Alberca Janeth
Published: December 2024

Introduction: mastitis, a breastfeeding-related inflammatory condition, presents significant health challenges. YouTube is a popular platform for health information, but its content quality and credibility are inconsistent.Methods: a qualitative content analysis was conducted on 51 YouTube videos about mastitis, selected by relevance, user engagement, and views. The analysis evaluated medical information, credibility, and discursive strategies, using predefined criteria such as technical language, source reliability, and narrative coherence.Results: of the 51 videos analyzed, 98% addressed symptoms (e.g., pain and inflammation), 94 % included definitions, and 82 % discussed causes. Treatment strategies were present in 78%, while only 63 % mentioned preventive measures. Emotional and sociocultural dimensions were overlooked in 86% of videos. Institutional channels achieved higher credibility scores, averaging 3.8/5, while independent creators averaged 2,4/5. Educational and narrative-personal tones dominated, appearing in 39 % and 45 % of videos, respectively. However, 27% contained commercial elements, potentially undermining credibility.Conclusions: youTube shows potential for health education about mastitis but requires stricter content quality standards. Enhancing emotional and sociocultural content through collaboration between health organizations and digital creators could improve the reliability and impact of information shared.
MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING (PBL) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PEMAHAMAN KONSEP IPA SISWA KELAS IV SD
Authors: Lestari Hana , Fauziah Alma , Amaliyah Pirda
Published: December 2024

Model Problem Based Learning (PBL) adalah model pembelajaran yang pada prosesnya siswa dihadapkan pada suatu permasalahan nyata sehingga kemampuan pemahaman konsep dapat tingkatkan melalui model ini. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana model PBL dapat diterapkan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman konsep siswa. Metode yang digunakan adalah pra-eksperimen dengan desain penelitian one group pretest-posttest. Penelitian dilakukan di SDN Cemplang 4 Kabupaten Bogor. Sample yang digunakan dalam penelitian berjumlah 31 siswa, yaitu dari 16 laki-laki dan 15 perempuan. Instrumen yang digunakan yaitu tes soal pemahaman konsep dan lembar obseervasi. Tes kemampuan pemahaman konsep dilaksanakan dalam dua tahap, yaitu pretest dan posttest. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, kemampuan pemahaman konsep siswa memperoleh rata-rata 62,81 pada pretest dan 83,0 pada posttest. Pengevaluasian data ditelaah dengan SPSS 21 for windows dengan uji Paired Sample t-test pada α (0,05) dan diperoleh nilai sig 0,000 < α (0,05), Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara pretest dan posttest.. Selanjutnya nilai N-gain (kategori sedang) sebesar 0,498. Maka penelitian ini memperoleh kesimpulan bahwa kemampuan siswa dalam memahami konsep mengalami peningkatan dari sebelum menggunakan model PBL lalu setelah menggunanakn model PBL.
KONSEP PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER DALAM PERSPEKTIF KITAB TA’LIMUL MUTA’ALLIM DI PONDOK PESANTREN MODERN AL-IHYA CIGUGUR KUNINGAN
Authors: Banu Aji Restu , Muslim Hari Bukhori
Published: December 2024

Pendidikan pendekatan karakter cukup mempengaruhi motivasi dan hasil belajar santri agar bisa memberikan stimulan belajar yang maksimal. Monotonnya cara pendekatan pembelajaran merupakan salah satu penghambat dalam kegiatan pembelajaran sehingga santri kurang antusias dalam belajar dan menjadikan pembelajaran yang kaku. Penelitian ini betujuan Untuk mengetahui penerapan konsep pendidikan karakter dalam perspektif kitab Ta’limul Muta’allim di Pondok Pesantren Modern Al-Ihya Cigugur Kuningan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan jenis deskriptif. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan metode observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Sedangkan pengecekan keabsahan data menggunakan triangulasi. Hasil penelitiannya adalah: 1) Makna pendidikan secara sederhana dapat diartikan sebagai usaha manusia untuk membina kepribadiannya sesuai dengan nilai-nilai di dalam masyarakat dan kebudayaannya; 2) Konsep pendidikan karakter santri melalui pembelajaran Tali’mul Muta’allim di Pondok Pesantren Modern Al-Ihya Cigugur Kuningan adalah dibentuk dengan mengarahkan santri untuk selalu bertingkah laku yang baik, baik tata kramanya, sopan santunnya terhadap guru, maupun cara menghargai teman; dan 3) Cara yang digunakan dalam penerapan menuntut ilmu bagi santri melalui pembelajaran Ta’limul Muta’allim di Pondok Pesantren Modern Al-Ihya Cigugur Kuningan yaitu guru senantiasa memberi arahan bagaimana cara menuntut ilmu yang baik. Guru mengajarkan betapa pentingnya menuntut ilmu bagi seorang santri. Selalu mengarahkan santri bahwa menuntut ilmu sangatlah penting bagi dirinya karena untuk menggapai cita-citanya harus dengan menggunakan ilmu.
IMPLEMENTASI MANAJEMEN STRATEGI DALAM PENGEMBANGAN KURIKULUM PENDIDIKAN ISLAM
Authors: Fitroh Miftahul , Handrianto Budi , Andriana Nesia
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh fenomena mutu pendidikan yang terus bergerak dan berubah, serta spesifikasi dan kualifikasinya akan terus meningkat seiring perkembangan zaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui implementasi manajemen strategi dalam meningkatkan mutu pendidikan. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SMA Islam PB Soedirman Kota Bekasi. Pendekatan yang dilakukan adalah pendekatan kualitatif. Metode yang dilakukan adalah wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa manajemen strategi di SMA Islam PB Soedirman Kota Bekasi telah terlaksana dan berorientasi pada peningkatan mutu pendidikan. Simpulan dari penelitian ini adalah : (1) manajemen strategi SMA Islam PB Soedirman Kota Bekasi diawali dengan melakukan perumusan visi dan misi yang melibatkan seluruh elemen yang ada di sekolah; (2) SMA Islam PB Soedirman Kota Bekasi memiliki kualitas layanan pendidikan yang baik dan ini tertuang dalam konsep pendidikan yang ramah anak; (3) SMA Islam PB Soedirman Kota Bekasi memiliki mutu lingkungan pendidikan yang baik dan mencerminkan sekolah Islam; (4) SMA Islam PB Soedirman Kota Bekasi melaksanakan kurikulum 2013 dengan mengintegrasikan mata pelajaran PAI ke dalam setiap mata pelajarannya; (5) SMA Islam PB Soedirman Kota Bekasi menanamkan prinsip kepada guru-guru agar menjadi pribadi yang memiliki potensi dalam menemukan solusi paada setiap permasalahan.
Kata Kunci : Implementasi, Manajemen Strategi, Mutu Pendidikan
KARAKTERISTIK MATERI AJAR BAHASA ARAB DI MADRASAH TSANAWIYAH MENURUT TAKSONOMI BLOOM
Authors: Hayati Siti Nur , Baihaqi Ahmad
Published: December 2024

Materi ajar adalah salah satu fasilitas yang sangat banyak pengaruhnya terhadap berjalannya pembelajaran dikelas, dikarenakan bertumpunya pembelajaran terhadap materi. maka dengan itu sebaiknya materi ajar memenuhi kriterianya agar dapat menjadi materi ajar yang baik dan layak diajarkan terhadap siswa. pada tulisan ini akan membahas tentang kriteria materi ajar bahasa Arab pada jenjang tsanawiyah menurut Taksonomi Bloom.  Penelitian ini mengunakan metode kualitatif, pengumpulan datanya menggunakan metode kepustakaan dan teknik yang digunakan adalah analisis isi. Hasl dari tulisan ini yaitu adalah mengetahui karakteristik materi ajar madrasah tsanawiyah menurut Taksonomi Bloom dari sisi kognitip yaitu dari C1-C4 dan dari sisi psikomotoriknya yaitu adalah dari P1-P3.
ANALISIS KETERAMPILAN DASAR MENGAJAR DALAM PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA DI SD/MI
Authors: Maulida Wildatul , Mukri Rusdiono
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan keterampilan  mengajar dalam  pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia dengan memberikan  keterampilan pada proses pembelajaran, karena sering kali guru menyampaikan materi hanya dengan menggunakan metode ceramah saja tanpa memberikan keterampilan lainnya dalam proses pembelajaran. Keterampilan dalam pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia bisa dengan menggunakan metode menjelaskan, bukan dengan cara metode ceramah, tetapi dengan cara keterampilan yang dimiliki oleh seorang guru ataupun dengan memanfaatkan media yang dijadikan sebagai alat penunjang bagi siswa dengan maksud tercapainya tujuan pembelajaran yang telah ditentukan. Dengan demikian semakin baik cara guru dalam penyampaian materi maka siswa akan semakin mudah dalam meningkatkan pemahamannya. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian literature review atau penelitian kepustakaan. Kajian pustaka dilakukan dengan cara mengumpulkan referensi yang terdiri dari beberapa penelitian terdahulu, yang kemudian dibandingkan untuk menarik kesimpulan.