bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cranial Nerve Wheel of Competencies
Authors: Jones Anne G , Jasperson Jan , Gusa Dorothy
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

Background: The neuroscience intensive care unit (ICU) staff development committee explored ways to test cranial nerve competencies of staff. With the assistance of the nurse manager, clinical nurse specialist, and education specialist, a game called Cranial Nerve Wheel of Competencies was developed.

Method: The game tested learners' competency knowledge of cranial nerves. Game participants had the opportunity to attend classes on cranial nerve function and to review written materials prior to the day of testing.

Results: Staff evaluated the testing methodology as excellent and preferable to a written test. They found the game challenged their knowledge, yet was not intimidating.

Conclusion: Gaming as a method to test competency knowledge of cranial nerves was an exciting alternative to written testing or return demonstration.
Using Adult Learning Concepts to Assist Patients in Completing Advance Directives
Authors: Meyer Rose Mary
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

Background: Despite the fact that advance directives are legal documents that allow people to direct their future health care, few Americans have enacted them. Because lack of knowledge about what they are, and confusion regarding the process needed to complete one are the primary barriers for completion, patient education can be the key element in promoting the use of advance directives.

Conclusion: This article offers some teaching strategies nurses may use to address patients' ignorance and confusion and help patients understand that, although advance directives do not help people make end-of-life decisions, they serve as a mechanism by which a person's wishes may be carried out.
Continuing Education in Nursing: A 10-Year Retrospective Study of CE Offerings Presented by the Kentucky Nurses Association
Authors: Slusher Ida L , Logsdon M Cynthia , Johnson Elizabeth , Parker Brenda , Rice Jessica , Hawkins Barbara
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

Background: The purpose of this retrospective study was to evaluate continuing education (CE) offerings presented by the Kentucky Nurses Association during a 10-year period.

Method: Data were collected and analyzed from 37 CE offerings (N = 474 respondents).

Results: Findings revealed that the majority of the respondents reported that the CE offerings were useful, stimulated them to seek further information, and resulted in acquisition of significant knowledge or skills for nursing education or practice. However, fewer than half of the respondents reported they were able to implement changes in nursing education or practice as a result of the CE offerings.

Conclusion: Findings supported the usefulness of CE in nursing education and practice and the need for further research evaluating CE and the correlation between CE and nursing education and practice.
Australian Nurse Educators Identify Gaps in Expert Practice
Authors: Pelletier Dianne , Duffield Christine , Adams Anne , Nagy Sue , Crisp Jackie , Mitten-Lewis Suzanne
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

In Australia, nurses face a double-barreled challenge to their role. With the rapid adoption of new health care technologies coupled with increasing economic constraints, they find themselves "doing more with less." In this context of continuous change, it is useful to determine what expert nurse clinicians deem the most essential skills, attitudes and knowledge required for practice in complex technological environments. Separate panels of 28 educators and 43 cardiac nurse clinicians participated in a national Delphi study rating the importance to the nursing role of 107 items drawn from the international literature on expert practice and technology. Indicating the importance of each item in both the "real" and "ideal" worlds of practice, educators identified 58 items where they felt actual practice was substantially far from the ideal. For 16 of these items relating to empowerment of patients, nursing research, and technology policy, the educators rated clinical behavior below the median of the real world scale, indicating substandard performance of a role or inadequate assimilation of a concept. The implications for the definition of expert practice and for curricula development are discussed.
Faculty Practice in Joint Appointments: Implications for Nursing Staff Development
Authors: Beitz Janice M , Heinzer Marjorie M
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

Faculty joint appointments can capitalize on the talents and unique knowledge of nurses in varied settings. Altered role expectations, recurring emphases on cost control, and demands for accountability in the transforming health care system urge academic nursing faculty and clinically-based nurses to work together to achieve requisite health care and educational outcomes. This article addresses the types of faculty practice models, discusses three major role types of joint appointments, and presents the benefits and challenges of faculty functioning in joint appointments. Implications for nursing staff development are examined.
Continuing Education About Physically Abusive Relationships: Does Education Change the Perceptions of Health Care Practitioners?
Authors: Perrin Karen M , Boyett Timothy P , McDermott Robert J
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

Background: The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of mandatory continuing education for domestic violence.

Method: This study surveyed health care professionals attending the 1993 and 1997 National Perinatal Association Conference in Florida to determine change their awareness and identification of pregnant women involved in physically abusive relationships.

Results: Even though in 1993 Florida initiated a mandatory 1-hour continuing education credit on domestic violence, the findings report that there were no statistically significant changes for awareness and identification. However, there was a statistically significant increase in the availability of patient education materials within the 4-year period.

Conclusion: Both the 1993 and 1997 respondents expressed a desire for more professional education related to domestic violence.
Graduate Nurses' Experiences of Interactions With Professional Nursing Staff During Transition to the Professional Role
Authors: Thomka Lisa A
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

As new members of the nursing profession, graduate nurses (GNs), in their transition to the professional role, have a variety of experiences with registered nurses. These experiences give rise to diverse thoughts and emotional responses that may have a significant impact on nurses' own professional development and socialization to the professional role. Literature documenting GNs' perceptions and feelings regarding their orientation to the professional role is scarce. This study involved 16 nurses' descriptions of their own experiences, thoughts, and feelings that arose from interactions with nurse colleagues during their first year of professional nursing practice. There was a lack of consistency regarding the way in which GNs were assisted in this important transitional teaching and learning experience. Understanding GNs' perceptions of the process of transition to the professional role holds tremendous value for nursing education. This understanding could serve as a guide in the development of positive and appropriate orientation strategies as we strive to imbue nursing graduates with the professional values, attitudes, and behaviors that are essential in achieving outcomes reflective of quality patient care.
Learning Needs of Nurses Working in Canada's First Nations Communities and Hospitals
Authors: Silverman Barbara E , Goodine Wendy M , Ladouceur Michael G , Quinn Jillian
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

Background: What are the learning needs of nurses providing services to Canada's First Nations Communities and Hospitals? First Nations (or Indian Band) are similar to communities except some comprise more than one geographic Native community. Aboriginal (or Native) individuals are members of the North American Indian, Inuit, or Métis peoples of Canada; those who reported being a Treaty or Registered Indian (with the Federal Government); or those who are members of an Indian Band/First Nation.

Method: A Canada-wide survey was completed to determine the learning needs of nurses working with Canada's Aboriginal persons.

Results: Nurses indicated both broad and specific aspects of their clinical practice, which were important to their continuing education (CE) needs. Broad thematic areas for continuing education included the following: emergency/acute care and obstetrics/gynecology clinical skills, health and physical assessment, mental health, and prenatal and postnatal care. Specific areas nurses cited for CE included issues related to: victims of violence; non-compliant clients; substance abuse; and fetal alcohol syndrome.

Conclusion: This study examined the learning needs of nurses working with Canada's Native people and provided a basis for comparing and contrasting CE issues of these nurses to other nurses working in remote locations around the world.
Continuing Education for Staff in Long-Term Care Facilities: Corporate Philosophies and Approaches
Authors: Ross Margaret M , Carswell Anne , Dalziel William B , Aminzadeh Faranak
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study was to determine corporate philosophies of continuing education and approaches to meeting the learning needs of staff who strive to provide for the increasingly challenging care requirements of seniors who reside in long-term care facilities. In-depth interviews lasting approximately 1 hour were conducted with key informants at the administrative level from nine long-term care facilities. Content analysis revealed a commitment to continuing education for staff. While recognizing the importance of organizational responsibility for continuing education, administrators placed emphasis on the individual responsibility of staff. Learning needs were identified as affective, managerial, and physical in nature. Challenges to providing continuing education programs were derived from a general lack of fiscal and human resources. A variety of measures was suggested as important to supporting the continuing learning of staff. Implications of this study point to the need for long-term care facilities to incorporate into their strategic plans measures of ensuring continuing education as a basis for the ongoing competence and development of staff. In addition, there is a need for collaboration between long-term care facilities and other institutions of a long-term care, acute care, and educational nature in the development of strategies to operationalize a philosophy of continuing learning as a basis for the provision of optimal care to residents.
Continuing Education in Sweden-To What Purpose?
Authors: Andersson Ewa Pilhammar
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

Background: Continuing education (CE) or recurrent education has long been used in Sweden to maintain and develop the competence of health care professionals. The purpose of this article is to describe the effects of CE with regards to changes in work activities, cognitive abilities, the use of knowledge, and involvement in research and development projects.

Method: A questionnaire was distributed to all students (966 individuals) in CE courses at the Department of Advanced Nursing Education at Göteborg University Sweden.

Results: Results indicated that CE leads to enhanced work satisfaction, extended work relevant competence, the attainment of professional goals, and enhanced self-confidence. The results further suggest that CE has not led to increased salaries, more power or authority, or greater possibilities to influence working situations.

Conclusion: CE leads to positive development at the level of individual knowledge and competence but is not always reflected in changes in the respondents' working situations or in forms of rewards. The question is: How long are nurses prepared to continue raising their professional competence without compensation in terms of higher pay, better professional recognition, and new duties?
Development of Continuing Nursing Education Offerings for the World Wide Web
Authors: Billings Diane M , Rowles Connie J
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

Nurses are seeking continuing professional development that is easily accessible, convenient, and available at any time and any place. As nurses have increasing access to Internets and Intranets at home and their workplace, courses for continuing nursing education must be available to meet this need. This article discusses the planning, implementation, and evaluation of continuing nursing education (CNE) on the World Wide Web. The article explains how to develop a strategic plan, develop course offerings, select technology tools to support teaching and learning, and market and evaluate the courses.
There Really Is a Difference: Home Care Competencies
Authors: Blevins Cindy
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

Background: More nurses are turning to home care agencies as sources of employment because of mergers, alliances, and increased emphasis on outpatient services. The unique differences in the home care nursing role necessitate adequate orientation and ongoing competency validation.

Method: A review of relevant nursing literature was conducted. The author also relied on her experiences as a home care educator.

Results: Nurses who enter the specialty of home care nursing can expect to learn specific competencies that are unique to home care.

Conclusion: Specific competencies unique to home care are proposed. There is scant published research regarding home care competencies to date.
Texas Nurses Respond to Mandatory Continuing Education
Authors: Prater Llewellyn , Neatherlin Jacquelin S
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

This study investigated Texas nurses' attitudes toward mandatory continuing education, and their perceptions of skill improvement, knowledge enrichment, and improvement of health care to the public as a result of participation in continuing education programs. Seventy-two percent of the respondents had a positive attitude toward mandatory continuing education. Significant relationships were present between the attitudes and the perceptions of psychomotor skills improvement, cognitive improvement, affective skills improvement, and health care to the public. Four variables were predictive of the attitude toward mandatory education. In addition, the nurses preferred lecture or discussion formats and independent providers of continuing education.
Mandatory Continuing Education: Past, Present, and Future Trends and Issues
Authors: Eustace Larry W
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

Mandatory continuing education (CE) for nurses continues to be a viable means by which nurses can remain competent in the face of ever-increasing knowledge and technology in the health care setting. A multiplicity of CE providers, offering a variety of teaching approaches, exists to ensure nurses remain competent and advance in their fields of practice. Presently, more research must be conducted to measure the effectiveness of CE programs on patient care outcomes. Scholarly investigation may assist in justifying mandatory CE for nurses if positive patient care outcomes can be identified. Several states are regulating professional nursing practitioners by requiring CE. Although some states have not endorsed mandatory CE for nurses, it is likely that more state boards of nursing will continue the slow but steady trend of requiring CE for relicensure-especially if research establishes positive patient care outcomes.
Volunteerism in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Talaue Gilbert Macalanda , Al-Turki Faris Saleh M , Al-Zahrani Abdulrahman , Al-Aberi Mohammed , Al-Malki Saad
Published: January 2019

The study aimed to assess the profile of volunteerism in Saudi Arabia, particularly the Al-Jubail Volunteer Club and its impact to community. One-hundred ninety (190) members of the club are the respondents of the study. Descriptive research design was utilized to gain accurate profile of situation. It is found out that the demographic profile of volunteers coincides with some previous studies in terms of age bracket and occupation. Community concern motivated volunteers to participate. Volunteers perceived volunteering as a worthwhile activity. It is something that can improve and imply positive impact on their personal development. It is further concluded, volunteering can help in over-all development of its members and community as well.
Stakeholders Approach for Relief Provision to Distressed Farmers
Authors: Baporikar Neeta , Deshpande MV
Published: January 2019

Farmer distress has been increasing to such an extent that this has led many of them to give up life and commit suicides. There are no signs of relief for farmers. This is despite the government granting a decade of financial aid packages in drought prone areas of Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka and Maharashtra and Kerala with heavy rainfall. Insufficient rains or floods have increased the number of farmer suicides in the recent years and are likely to increase if proper and effective solutions are not carved out. The issue is critical and hence needs quick action to find a stable solution. Adopting a mixed method approach, this article aims to identify the challenges faced by the farmers in India, on the basis of framing strategies to alleviate farmers' issues, understanding the choice of agro-business strategies and recommending solutions to overcome these challenges.
The Policy of Whistleblowing in Nigeria
Authors: Qudus Abdulwahab , Fahm AbdulGafar Olawale
Published: January 2019

One of the most direct methods of exposing corruption in corporate or public institutions is whistleblowing. Quite a number of countries, including Nigeria, have introduced a whistleblowing policy. Among its provisions is to deter corrupt behaviours and guide formal investigations into them. However, Nigeria still lags far behind in this respect, perhaps out of structural inertia in dealing with corruption cases. In this article, the author argues that Nigeria can benefit from the institutional, educational and spiritual framework embedded in whistleblowing in Islam through ‘amr bi-l-ma'rūf wa-naḥy ‘an al-munkar i.e., enjoining good and forbidding wrong. The article, through historical and descriptive approaches, explains the policy of whistleblowing from the Islamic perspective, hence, clarifying some Muslims misconceptions. This study, therefore, presents Islamic principles on the whistleblowing policy and explains some pivotal approaches to addressing whistleblowing policy in Nigeria.
Access Control Framework Using Multi-Factor Authentication in Cloud Computing
Authors: Patel Subhash Chandra , Jaiswal Sumit , Singh Ravi Shankar , Chauhan Jyoti
Published: January 2019

The most challenging issues in cloud computing are access control and data security because users of the cloud outsource sensitive data and information to cloud provider servers, which are not within the same trusted domain as the data owner. Within cloud computing, various services and resources need protection from unauthorized use as a part of the security. Authentication is a key technology for information security. In recent years, a lot of research has been carried out throughout the world and several schemes have been proposed to improve authentication in the cloud. Remote authentication is the commonly used method to determine the identity of the remote client. In this article, the authors have proposed a systematic method for authenticating clients, namely by using a password, biometrics, and out-of-band-based access control mechanisms that are suitable for access control. The proposed system involves user ID/password, biometrics characteristics, and a mobile phone as a software token for one-time password generation.
Analytical Performance of Modified One-Way Hash Algorithm for Data Integrity Verification in Cloud Computing
Authors: Kumari Meena , Nath Rajender
Published: January 2019

Cloud computing is a revolution in the IT industry due to its characteristics of scalability, efficiency, and availability. Along with these benefits, cloud computing comes with certain security issues that a user has to take into consideration. Security of data and its integrity verification in the cloud are major issues that act as a barrier to the adoption of cloud computing. In the authors' previously published work, a one-way hash function was proposed to verify the data integrity at the cloud storage site. This article further extends prior work. In this article, the modified one-way hash algorithm is implemented by using a Hadoop distributed file system (HDFS) service of Hadoop environment and analytical testing is performed to ascertain its performance. Statistical and experimental results reveal the proposed algorithm is robust, which ensures data integrity and fulfills mostly all essential features of a secure hash function.
Understanding Behavioural Intentions to Use Green ICT at Tertiary Level Education Institutions
Authors: Al-Somali Sabah Abdullah
Published: January 2019

This article is aimed at assessing the factors that affect the use of Green ICT by individuals in tertiary level education institutions in the emergent nations. A total of 226 valid questionnaires were collected from administrative and academic staff in a public university. Results indicated that behavioural intention positively influences actual green computing behaviour. Employees with a positive outlook towards Green ICT issues are practising Green ICT at work. The results also reflected that level of self-awareness and ecological concern were significant factors (p < 0.001) influencing the attitude towards the adoption and use of Green ICT. The findings from the data obtained show that TRA provides an explanation of the factors responsible for the use and acceptance of Green ICT among emergent nations, specifically Saudi Arabia. Furthermore, the study contributes to the development of strategies and frameworks to implement Green ICT strategies at tertiary level education institutions in developing countries to ensure that Green ICT is appropriately applied and accepted.
Fitting Security into Agile Software Development
Authors: Rindell Kalle , Hyrynsalmi Sami , Leppänen Ville
Published: January 2019

Security objectives in software development are increasingly convergent with the business objectives, as requirements for privacy and the cost of security incidents call for more dependable software products. The development of secure software is accomplished by augmenting the software development process with specific security engineering activities. Security engineering, in contrast to the iterative and incremental software development processes, is characterized by sequential life cycle models: the security objectives are thus to be achieved by conflicting approaches. In this study, to identify the incompatibilities between the approaches, the security engineering activities from Microsoft SDL, the ISO Common Criteria and OWASP SAMM security engineering models are mapped into common agile software development processes, practices and artifacts.
Social Media-Based Visual Strategies in Tourism Marketing
Authors: Ge Jing , Gretzel Ulrike
Published: January 2019

Social media-based visual strategies are quintessential elements of tourism and social media marketing; yet, very little is known about how firms formulate and implement such strategies in a technologically advanced and consumer-driven communication context. Drawing on rhetorical structure theory, and marketing, tourism and social media marketing literature, this research examines and dissects the structure of social media-based visual strategies implemented by tourism marketers. 250 Weibo posts initiated by 5 Chinese provincial destination marketing organizations were collected and analyzed. The results show a diversity of social media-afforded visual modalities, a variety of visual content and marketing goals, and different rhetorical relations between visuals and their accompanying text. This research advances social media marketing and tourism literature by exploring essential structural aspects of social media-based visual rhetoric and offers firms a holistic overview of possible visual strategies.
A Framework to Analyze Cultural Values in Online Tourism Visuals of European Destinations
Authors: Mele Emanuele , Lobinger Katharina
Published: January 2019

Images play a crucial role in inspiring and informing travelers throughout the tourism experience. Due to this, destination management/marketing organizations (DMOs) do their best to provide visually rich websites and mobile applications. Among the factors guiding online communication choices, cultural values influence the selection and use of website design and multimedia contents. While several strategies are available to measure cultural values offline and online, so far, no consistent framework has accounted for the visual style of cultural categories in the tourism domain, especially within the European context. Addressing this research gap, the aim of this article is to propose a framework for the visual analysis of cultural values in the context of European destinations, also discussing the relation among values, visual content and visual style. The final model results from the combination of existing theories of visual semiotics and cross-cultural communication with bottom-up data from the semiotic analysis of 95 pictures from UK and Portuguese DMO websites.
Swimming Practice and Scapular Kinematics, Scapulothoracic Muscle Activity, and the Pressure-Pain Threshold in Young Swimmers
Authors: Habechian Fernanda A. P. , Lozana Ana Letícia , Cools Ann M. , Camargo Paula R.
Published: January 2019

Context

Whereas alterations in scapular kinematics, scapulothoracic muscle activity, and pain sensitivity have been described in adult swimmers, no researchers have examined these outcomes in young swimmers.

Objectives

To compare scapular kinematics, scapulothoracic muscle activation, and the pressure-pain threshold (PPT) of the shoulder muscles among young nonpractitioners (those who were not involved in sports involving the upper limbs), amateur swimmers, and competitive swimmers.

Design

Cross-sectional study.

Setting

Laboratory.

Patients or Other Participants

A total of 90 individuals (age = 11.63 ± 0.61 years) in 3 groups: nonpractitioners, amateur swimmers, and competitive swimmers.

Intervention(s)

Scapular kinematics and activity of the upper trapezius, lower trapezius, and serratus anterior (SA) were measured during upper extremity elevation in the scapular plane. The PPT was assessed in the upper trapezius, infraspinatus, supraspinatus, middle deltoid, and tibialis anterior.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

Scapular kinematics, scapulothoracic muscle activation, and PPT. We conducted a 2-way mixed-model analysis of variance and a 1-way analysis of variance for scapular rotation and PPT, respectively. A Kruskal-Wallis test was used to assess muscle activity. The α level was set at .05.

Results

Competitive swimmers presented more internal rotation at 90° (P = .03) and 120° (P = .047) and more anterior tilt at 90° (P = .03) than nonpractitioners. Amateur swimmers demonstrated more anterior tilt at 90° (P = .004) and 120° (P = .005) than nonpractitioners. Competitive swimmers had greater SA activation in the intervals from 60° to 90° (P = .02) and 90° to 120° (P = .01) than amateur swimmers. They also displayed more SA activation in the interval from 90° to 120° than nonpractitioners (P = .04). No differences were found in any of the muscles for the PPT (P > .05).

Conclusions

Young competitive swimmers presented alterations in scapular kinematics and scapulothoracic muscle activation during upper extremity elevation that may be due to sport practice. Mechanical pain sensitivity was not altered in young swimmers.
Taping to Improve Scapular Dyskinesis, Scapular Upward Rotation, and Pectoralis Minor Length in Overhead Athletes
Authors: Ozer Sibel Tekeli , Karabay Damla , Yesilyaprak Sevgi Sevi
Published: January 2019

Context

Deviations in scapular motions and subsequent alterations in associated soft tissues are thought to contribute to overuse shoulder injuries in overhead athletes. Whereas rigid and Kinesio taping are recommended for preventing these injuries, high-level evidence from clinical trials is still needed.

Objective

To determine and compare the short-term effects of rigid and Kinesio taping on scapular dyskinesis, scapular upward rotation, and pectoralis minor length in asymptomatic overhead athletes.

Design

Randomized controlled trial.

Setting

Athletic training rooms.

Patients or Other Participants

Seventy-two elite asymptomatic overhead athletes (age = 17.00 ± 4.09 years, height = 1.75 ± 0.11 m, mass = 67.26 ± 15.25 kg, body mass index = 21.80 ± 3.00).

Intervention(s)

We randomly assigned participants to 1 of 4 groups: rigid taping, Kinesio taping, placebo, or control (no taping). For the first 3 groups, we applied tape to the shoulder and scapular region.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

We evaluated all groups for observable scapular dyskinesis using the scapular dyskinesis test, scapular upward rotation using a digital inclinometer, and pectoralis minor length using the pectoralis minor index at baseline, immediately after taping, and at 60 to 72 hours after taping.

Results

The scapular dyskinesis percentage (P < .05) decreased and the pectoralis minor index (P < .001) increased immediately and at 60 to 72 hours after taping in the rigid-taping and Kinesio-taping groups. We observed no differences among groups for the change in the pectoralis minor index (P > .05). Scapular upward rotation did not change after taping in any group (P > .05).

Conclusions

Rigid or Kinesio taping of the shoulder and scapular region improved scapular dyskinesis and pectoralis minor length but did not alter scapular upward rotation. Short-term rigid and Kinesio taping may help improve scapular dyskinesis and pectoralis minor length in overhead athletes.
Hip-Muscle Activity in Men and Women During Resisted Side Stepping With Different Band Positions
Authors: Lewis Cara L. , Foley Hanna D. , Lee Theresa S. , Berry Justin W.
Published: January 2019

Context

Weakness or decreased activation of the hip abductors and external rotators has been associated with lower extremity injury, especially in females. Resisted side stepping is commonly used to address hip weakness. Whereas multiple variations of this exercise are used clinically, few data exist regarding which variations to select.

Objective

To investigate differences in muscle-activation and movement patterns and determine kinematic and limb-specific differences between men and women during resisted side stepping with 3 resistive-band positions.

Design

Controlled laboratory study.

Setting

Laboratory.

Patients or Other Participants

A total of 22 healthy adults (11 men, 11 women; age = 22.8 ± 3.0 years, height = 171.6 ± 10.7 cm, mass = 68.5 ± 11.8 kg).

Intervention(s)

Participants side stepped with the resistive band at 3 locations (knees, ankles, feet).

Main Outcome Measure(s)

We collected surface electromyography of the gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, and tensor fascia lata (TFL) for the moving and stance limbs during the concentric and eccentric phases. We also measured trunk inclination, hip and knee flexion, and hip-abduction excursion.

Results

Hip-abductor activity was higher in women than in men (P ≤ .04). The pattern of TFL activity in the stance limb differed by sex. Women performed the exercise in greater forward trunk inclination (P = .009) and had greater hip excursion (P = .003). Gluteus maximus and medius activity increased when the band was moved from the knees to the ankles and from the ankles to the feet, whereas TFL activity increased only when the band was moved from the knees to the ankles. Findings were similar for both the stance and moving limbs, but the magnitudes of the changes differed.

Conclusions

Compared with placing the band around the ankles, placing the band around the feet for resisted side stepping elicited more activity in the gluteal muscles without increasing TFL activity. This band placement is most appropriate when the therapeutic goal is to activate the muscles that resist hip adduction and internal rotation.
Rezensionen
Authors: Leuenberger Chr.
Published: January 2019

Rezension zu:
A. Fässler:
Schnelleinstieg Differentialgleichungen
. 174 Seiten, CHF 24.00. Springer-Spektrum, Reihe Lehrbuch, 2017; ISBN 978-3-662-55738-9. (Auch als e-book erhältlich: ISBN 978-3-662-55739-6.)
A Multi-Term Basis Criterion for Families of Dilated Periodic Functions
Authors: Boulton Lyonell , Melkonian Houry
Published: January 2019

In this paper we formulate a concrete method for determining whether a system of dilated periodic functions forms a Riesz basis in

L^2(0,1)

. This method relies on a general framework developed by Hedenmalm, Lindqvist and Seip about 20 years ago, which turns the basis question into one about the localisation of the zeros and poles of a corresponding analytic multiplier. Our results improve upon various criteria formulated previously, which give sufficient conditions for invertibility of the multiplier in terms of sharp estimates on the Fourier coefficients. Our focus is on the concrete verification of the hypotheses by means of analytical or accurate numerical approximations. We then examine the basis question for profiles in a neighbourhood of a non-basis family generated by periodic jump functions. For one of these profiles, the

p

-sine functions, we determine a threshold for positive answer to the basis question which improves upon those found recently.
Freshwater snails as the intermediate host of trematodes in Iran: a systematic review
Authors: Dodangeh Samira , Daryani Ahmad , Sharif Mehdi , Gholami Shirzad , Kialashaki Elham , Moosazadeh Mahmood , Sarvi Shahabeddin
Published: January 2019

Freshwater snails, as the first intermediate hosts of trematodes, can cause health hazards in animals and humans. Recently, the World Health Organization has included Iran in a list of 6 countries known to have serious problems with fascioliasis. In addition, cercarial dermatitis is a job-related disease that is seen often in paddy workers, agricultural labourers, and fishermen in Iran, particularly in Mazandaran Province. Many studies have been conducted in Iran to survey larval trematodes in freshwater snails. However, to the best of our knowledge, no comprehensive data exist regarding infections in gastropods. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to estimate the types and prevalence of cercarial infections in snails in Iran. Electronic English-language and Persian-language databases were searched to identify 24 published articles reporting the prevalence of trematode infections in snails (9 species from 6 families) in various provinces of Iran. In total, 4.4% of gastropods were infected with the larval stages of trematodes. According to the studies reviewed in this meta-analysis‚ the highest infection prevalence was found in Radix auricularia (9.9%). Twelve larval species of trematodes were identified, and the highest prevalence of cercariae was found for Echinostomatidae cercariae (4.3%). Among the provinces explored, West Azerbaijan had the highest prevalence of infected snails (16.9%). The presence of trematodes in snails could pose a serious health problem in Iran. Thus, further studies are necessary to characterize these infections in other provinces.
Análisis del proceso de certificación del Organismo Certificador de Implementos y Maquinaria Agrícola (OCIMA) en México
Authors: Ayala Garay Alma V. , Almaguer Vargas Gustavo , Larqué Saavedra Bertha S. , Gutiérrez Martínez Juan O. , Ireta-Paredes Arely del Rocio
Published: January 2019

El Organismo Certificador de Implemento y Maquinaría Agrícola (OCIMA) es el responsable de la expedición de certificados de la maquinaria y equipo agrícola en México. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar los resultados del proceso de certificación del OCIMA desde su operación (2006) para fortalecer al Organismo y diversificar los servicios que ofrece. Durante julio-septiembre de 2017, se aplicaron un total de 45 entrevistas a integrantes del Comité Rector, Comité de Dictaminación y usuarios del servicio. Del análisis FODA (Fortalezas, Oportunidades, Debilidades y Amenazas), sobresale como amenaza la dependencia del Organismo de las reglas de operación que emite SAGARPA para mantenerse en el mercado de certificación. Se detectó que los resultados a detalle de las pruebas realizadas a los tractores durante la certificación, no están disponibles a los usuarios finales; si fueran conocidos por el productor este tendría un panorama de la funcionalidad del equipo y contribuirían a su elección. Es necesario que el productor agrícola exija que la maquinaria e implementos agrícolas estén certificados. El OCIMA debe aprovechar que es el único organismo certificador de productos agrícolas en América Latina y extender su mercado, dada la validez de su acreditación a nivel internacional.
El impacto de la tasa de interés y del tipo de cambio en las exportaciones agrícolas en México: un estudio para el periodo 1993-2017
Authors: Lechuga Montenegro Jesús , Vega Miranda Faustino
Published: January 2019

El objetivo del artículo es determinar el patrón de relación entre exportaciones agrícolas, tipo de cambio y tasa de interés para la economía mexicana por medio del análisis de regresión múltiple y con la prueba de causalidad en el sentido de Granger. Ya que, en la coyuntura de la renegociación del TLCAN, esta investigación busca contribuir al debate presentando algunas aristas de los resultados económicos de dicho tratado.
Factores clave que posibilitan la persistencia del campesinado en la vereda Cabuyal en el municipio de Palmira, Valle del Cauca, Colombia
Authors: Sánchez José Luis
Published: January 2019

Tomando en cuenta el proceso de transformación acelerada de las formas de producción de alimentos, este artículo discute los factores clave que permiten la persistencia de los campesinos en Cabuyal, una vereda en el municipio de Palmira, en el departamento del Valle del Cauca, Colombia. Se realizaron un total de 22 entrevistas con mujeres jóvenes y adultos mayores. Los resultados muestran diversas formas de apropiación del territorio, dependiendo de las características particulares de a) la distribución de viviendas y parcelas, b) la adopción de cultivos de alto valor comercial, c) la adopción de herramientas y tecnologías agrícolas. Además, se presentan dos formas de acceso a la tierra: primero, el propietario de la tierra proporciona al 'cosechero' una parte de la propiedad para la explotación agrícola y comparte los otros costos; en segundo lugar, existe un contrato de arrendamiento denominado "porcentaje", en el que el propietario proporciona solo la tierra, mientras que el campesino asume todos los demás costos de producción. Estos factores contribuyen al hecho de que las prácticas agrícolas prevalecen como la actividad económica principal en el hogar. La investigación integra metodologías cualitativas y cuantitativas.
A robust automated technique for
operational calibration of ceilometers using the integrated backscatter from totally attenuating liquid clouds
Authors: Hopkin Emma , Illingworth Anthony J. , Charlton-Perez Cristina , Westbrook Chris D. , Ballard Sue
Published: January 2019

Abstract. A simple and robust method for calibrating ceilometers has been tested in an operational environment demonstrating that the calibrations are stable to better than ± 5 % over a period of a year. The method relies on using the integrated backscatter (B) from liquid clouds that totally extinguish the ceilometer signal; B is inversely proportional to the lidar ratio (S) of the backscatter to the extinction for cloud droplets. The calibration technique involves scaling the observed backscatter so that B matches the predicted value for S of 18.8 ± 0.8 sr for cloud droplets, at ceilometer wavelengths. For accurate calibration, care must be taken to exclude any profiles having targets with different values of S, such as drizzle drops and aerosol particles, profiles that do not totally extinguish the ceilometer signal, profiles with low cloud bases that saturate the receiver, and any profiles where the window transmission or the lidar pulse energy is low. A range dependent multiple scattering correction that depends on the ceilometer optics should be applied to the profile. A simple correction for water vapour attenuation for ceilometers operating at around 910 nm wavelength is applied to the signal using the vapour profiles from a forecast analysis. For a generic ceilometer in the UK the 90-day running mean of the calibration coefficient over a period of 20 months is constant to within 3 % with no detectable annual cycle, thus confirming the validity of the humidity and multiple scattering correction. For Gibraltar, where cloud cover is less prevalent than in the UK, the 90-day running mean calibration coefficient was constant to within 4 %. The more sensitive ceilometer model operating at 1064 nm is unaffected by water vapour attenuation but is more prone to saturation in liquid clouds. We show that reliable calibration is still possible, provided the clouds used are above a certain altitude. The threshold is instrument dependent but is typically around 2 km. We also identify a characteristic signature of saturation, and remove any profiles with this signature. Despite the more restricted sample of cloud profiles, a robust calibration is readily achieved, and, in the UK, the running mean 90-day calibration coefficients varied by about 4 % over a period of one year. The consistency of profiles observed by nine pairs of co-located ceilometers in the UK Met Office network operating at around 910 nm and 1064 nm provided independent validation of the calibration technique. EUMETNET is currently networking 700 European ceilometers so they can provide ceilometer profiles in near real time to European weather forecast centres and has adopted the cloud calibration technique described in this paper for ceilometers with a wavelength of around 910 nm.
Rainfall intensity bursts and the erosion of soils: an analysis
highlighting the need for high temporal resolution rainfall data for
research under current and future climates
Authors: Dunkerley David L.
Published: January 2019

Abstract. Many landsurface processes, including splash dislodgment and downslope transport of soil materials, are influenced strongly by short-lived peaks in rainfall intensity but are less well accounted for by longer-term average rates. Specifically, rainfall intensities reached over periods of 10–30 minutes appear to have more explanatory power than hourly or longer-period data. However, most analyses of rainfall, and particularly scenarios of possible future rainfall extremes under climate change, rely on hourly data. Using two Australian pluviograph records with 1 second resolution, one from an arid and one from a wet tropical climate, the nature of short-lived intensity bursts is analysed from the raw inter-tip times of the tipping bucket gauges. Hourly apparent rainfall intensities average just 1.43 mm h−1 at the wet tropical site, and 2.12 mm h−1 at the arid site. At the wet tropical site, intensity bursts of extreme intensity occur frequently, those exceeding 30 mm h−1 occurring on average at intervals of  60 mm h−1 occurring on average at intervals of
The AFWA dust emission scheme for the GOCART aerosol model in WRF-Chem v3.8.1
Authors: LeGrand Sandra L. , Polashenski Chris , Letcher Theodore W. , Creighton Glenn A. , Peckham Steven E. , Cetola Jeffrey D.
Published: January 2019

Abstract. Airborne particles of mineral dust play a key role in Earth's climate system
and affect human activities around the globe. The numerical weather modeling
community has undertaken considerable efforts to accurately forecast these
dust emissions. Here, for the first time in the literature, we thoroughly
describe and document the Air Force Weather Agency (AFWA) dust emission
scheme for the Georgia Institute of Technology–Goddard Global Ozone
Chemistry Aerosol Radiation and Transport (GOCART) aerosol model within the Weather Research and
Forecasting model with chemistry (WRF-Chem) and compare it to the other dust
emission schemes available in WRF-Chem. The AFWA dust emission scheme
addresses some shortcomings experienced by the earlier GOCART-WRF scheme.
Improved model physics are designed to better handle emission of fine dust
particles by representing saltation bombardment. WRF-Chem model performance
with the AFWA scheme is evaluated against observations of dust emission in
southwest Asia and compared to emissions predicted by the other schemes built
into the WRF-Chem GOCART model. Results highlight the relative strengths of
the available schemes, indicate the reasons for disagreement, and demonstrate
the need for improved soil source data.
HERMESv3, a stand-alone multiscale atmospheric emission modelling framework – Part 1: global and regional module
Authors: Guevara Marc , Tena Carles , Porquet Manuel , Jorba Oriol , Pérez García-Pando Carlos
Published: January 2019

Abstract. We present the High-Elective Resolution Modelling Emission System version 3 (HERMESv3), an open source, parallel and stand-alone multiscale atmospheric emission modelling framework that computes gaseous and aerosol emissions for use in atmospheric chemistry models. HERMESv3 is coded in Python and consists of a global_regional module and a bottom_up module that can be either combined or executed separately. In this contribution (Part 1) we describe the global_regional module, a highly customizable emission processing system that calculates emissions from different sources, regions and pollutants on a user-specified global or regional grid. The user can flexibly define combinations of existing up-to-date global and regional emission inventories and apply country specific scaling factors and masks. Each emission inventory is individually processed using user-defined vertical, temporal and speciation profiles that allow obtaining emission outputs compatible with multiple chemical mechanisms (e.g. Carbon-Bond 05). The selection and combination of emission inventories and databases is done through detailed configuration files providing the user with a widely applicable framework for designing, choosing and adjusting the emission modelling experiment without modifying the HERMESv3 source code. The generated emission fields have been successfully tested in different atmospheric chemistry models (i.e. CMAQ, WRF-Chem and NMMB-MONARCH) at multiple spatial and temporal resolutions. In a companion article (Part 2) we describe the bottom_up module, which estimates emissions at the source level (e.g. road link) combining state-of-the-art bottom-up methods with local activity and emission factors.