bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Interactive salinity and water stress severely reduced the growth, stress tolerance, and physiological responses of guava (Psidium Guajava L.)
Authors: Abrar Muhammad Mohsin , Sohail Muhammad , Saqib Muhammad , Akhtar Javaid , Abbas Ghulam , Wahab Hafiz Abdul , Mumtaz Muhammad Zahid , Mehmood Khalid , Memon Muhammad Suleman , Sun Nan , Xu Minggang
Published: November 2022

Salinity and water stress are serious environmental issues that reduced crop production worldwide. The current research was initiated (2012) in the wirehouse of the Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan to investigate the growth, stress tolerance, and physiological responses of guava to salinity and water shortage. Guava was grown for one year in pots containing soil with Eight treatments (control, 10 dS m−1, 20 dS m−1, 40 dS m−1, control + water stress (WS), 10 dS m−1 + WS, 20 dS m−1 + WS, 40 dS m−1 + WS) in a completely randomized design. The results indicated that plant growth, stress tolerance, and physiological parameters declined at higher salinity and water stress and could not survive at 40 dS m−1. The 20 dS m−1 + WS caused a > 70% decline in dry weights of shoot and root regarding control. Similarly, the highest decrease in stress tolerance was noticed in 20 dS m−1 + WS followed by the 20 dS m−1 treatment than control. Our findings validated that guava can be cultivated on soils having salinity ≤ 10 dS m−1 but it could not be cultivated on soils having salinity ≥ 20 dS m−1 with limited water supply.
Noise-robust optimization of quantum machine learning models for polymer properties using a simulator and validated on the IonQ quantum computer
Authors: Ishiyama Yuki , Nagai Ryutaro , Mieda Shunsuke , Takei Yuki , Minato Yuichiro , Natsume Yutaka
Published: November 2022

Quantum machine learning for predicting the physical properties of polymer materials based on the molecular descriptors of monomers was investigated. Under the stochastic variation of the expected predicted values obtained from quantum circuits due to finite sampling, the methods proposed in previous works did not make sufficient progress in optimizing the parameters. To enable parameter optimization despite the presence of stochastic variations in the expected values, quantum circuits that improve prediction accuracy without increasing the number of parameters and parameter optimization methods that are robust to stochastic variations in the expected predicted values, were investigated. The multi-scale entanglement renormalization ansatz circuit improved the prediction accuracy without increasing the number of parameters. The stochastic gradient descent method using the parameter-shift rule for gradient calculation was shown to be robust to sampling variability in the expected value. Finally, the quantum machine learning model was trained on an actual ion-trap quantum computer. At each optimization step, the coefficient of determination $$R^{2}$$

R
2

improved equally on the actual machine and simulator, indicating that our findings enable the training of quantum circuits on the actual quantum computer to the same extent as on the simulator.
The association between dietary acid load and odds and severity of irritable bowel syndrome in adults
Authors: Mobasheri Fatemeh , Shidfar Farzad , Aminianfar Azadeh , Keshteli Ammar Hassanzadeh , Esmaillzadeh Ahmad , Adibi Peyman
Published: November 2022

No study has been conducted to investigate the association between dietary acid load and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). So, this cross-sectional study was performed to investigate the association between dietary acid load and odds of IBS, its severity, and IBS subtypes. A sample of 3362 Iranian subjects was selected from health centers in Isfahan province. A validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (DS-FFQ) was applied to estimate dietary intakes. The dietary acid load was measured using net endogenous acid production (NEAP), dietary acid load (DAL), and potential renal acid load (PRAL) scores. In crude models, the highest compared with the lowest category of the PRAL score was significantly associated with increased odds of IBS severity in participants with BMI ≥ 25 (kg/m2) (OR = 1.54; 95% CI = (1.03–2.32). Also, the results indicated a significant positive association between the PARL and odds of mixed subtype of IBS (OR = 1.74; 95% CI = (1.11–2.74); P trend = 0.02). In propensity score-adjusted model with potential confounders, only a positive association was found between PRAL and odds of mixed subtype of IBS (OR = 1.78; 95% CI = (1.05–3.00); P trend = 0.03). The DAL and NEAP scores tended to show non-significant similar findings. This study indicates that dietary acid load might be associated with odds of mixed type of IBS. However, further research is warranted to infer these findings.
Institutional similarity drives cultural similarity among online communities
Authors: Zhong Qiankun , Frey Seth
Published: November 2022

Human organizations are driven by their rules and cultures. But the effects of rules and cultures on organizational development cannot be understood without untangling their effects on each other. People’s values are contingent on how they have been enculturated within organizations. Conversely, their values may influence the organizations they join, particularly in online community settings, where users have thousands of organizations to choose from and exert selection pressure in favor of communities with favorable rules. Using longitudinal data on the rules systems of thousands of online communities, as well as the traffic of millions of users between them, we use techniques from network science to disentangle the relationship between cultural assimilation and institutional assimilation. We find that institutional similarities in administrative rules and informational rules drive cultural similarities. We discuss implications of these findings for research on organizational evolution, institution and culture, and the use of tracking data in organizational studies.
Semi-supervised learning for topographic map analysis over time: a study of bridge segmentation
Authors: Wong Cheng-Shih , Liao Hsiung-Ming , Tsai Richard Tzong-Han , Chang Ming-Ching
Published: November 2022

Geographical research using historical maps has progressed considerably as the digitalization of topological maps across years provides valuable data and the advancement of AI machine learning models provides powerful analytic tools. Nevertheless, analysis of historical maps based on supervised learning can be limited by the laborious manual map annotations. In this work, we propose a semi-supervised learning method that can transfer the annotation of maps across years and allow map comparison and anthropogenic studies across time. Our novel two-stage framework first performs style transfer of topographic map across years and versions, and then supervised learning can be applied on the synthesized maps with annotations. We investigate the proposed semi-supervised training with the style-transferred maps and annotations on four widely-used deep neural networks (DNN), namely U-Net, fully-convolutional network (FCN), DeepLabV3, and MobileNetV3. The best performing network of U-Net achieves $$F1_{inst:0.1} = 0.725$$

F

1

i
n
s
t
:
0.1

=
0.725

and $$F1_{inst:0.01} = 0.743$$

F

1

i
n
s
t
:
0.01

=
0.743

trained on style-transfer synthesized maps, which indicates that the proposed framework is capable of detecting target features (bridges) on historical maps without annotations. In a comprehensive comparison, the $$F1_{inst:0.1}$$

F

1

i
n
s
t
:
0.1

of U-Net trained on Contrastive Unpaired Translation (CUT) generated dataset ($$0.662 \pm 0.008$$

0.662
±
0.008

) achieves 57.3 % than the comparative score ($$0.089 \pm 0.065$$

0.089
±
0.065

) of the least valid configuration (MobileNetV3 trained on CycleGAN synthesized dataset). We also discuss the remaining challenges and future research directions.
Toroidal counter electrode for ionic propulsion
Authors: Chirita Marius , Ieta Adrian
Published: November 2022

Significant attention has recently been given to applications of ionic wind to atmospheric propulsion. Rotational ionic engines (RIE) have also demonstrated to have potential for in-atmosphere propulsion in negative polarity. However, such devices have not yet produced enough thrust for a rotary ionic drone to be developed. We demonstrate here that a toroidal counter electrode can increase the RIE's performance by up to 7.8 times greater than in previous configurations (upper limit not determined). The RIE is designed with pin emitters extended on the trailing edge of a 12.6 cm two-blade plastic propeller placed above a toroidal counter-electrode which provided axial thrust up to 288.55 m Nat 23.15 N/m2, 4.2 m/s bulk airflow speed within the propeller plane, and 251 m3/h flow rate. The new design generates axial thrust due to the linear acceleration of ions between electrodes, and also due to the induced rotary motion of the propeller which captures the energy and momentum of ions accelerated in the propeller rotational plane. Thrust to power ratio can be measured by the ratio of voltage to current or propeller kinetic energy to power. A 4-RIE array matched the thrust (1 N) of a four-blade drone with similar blade size.
Effect of gelatin treatment on tow deformation in resin-impregnated glass fiber
Authors: Li Mei-Xian , Ren Yu , Lee Dasom , Kim MooSun , Choi SungWoong
Published: November 2022

The potential use of gelatin materials in the liquid composite molding manufacturing (LCM) process was investigated, with specific focus on the reinforcement deformation phenomenon. The adoptability of gelatin as a binder in a composite material with glass fiber for application in the LCM process was evaluated by analyzing the permeability and microscopic structure of the gelatin-coated glass fiber. To assess the tow deformation, the permeability of the non-crimped unidirectional glass fiber mat was evaluated at different flow rates that could be applied in the LCM process. Hysteresis of the permeability was observed as the flow rate increased and decreased, indicative of tow deformation. The permeability of the gelatin-treated glass fiber mat exhibited a relatively smaller variation than that of the untreated glass fiber at the same flow rate. Tow deformation in the untreated and gelatin-treated non-crimped glass fiber mats at different flow rates was evaluated by microscopic analysis and quantified using the tow thickness index. Relatively smaller variations in the permeability and minimal changes in the tow thickness of the gelatin-treated glass fiber mat were observed via microscopic analysis, indicating that gelatin effectively maintained the binding structure of the glass fiber mat.
Modelling the effect of the inhibitors on asphaltene precipitation using Flory–Huggins theory
Authors: Eskini Farzaneh , Dehaghani Amirhossein Saeedi , Shadman Mohammad Mahdi
Published: November 2022

Due to the technical, environmental and economic problems caused by asphaltene precipitation, such as oil production reduction, well shut-ins and the necessity of EOR usage, the prediction of asphaltene precipitation seems to be vital. Considering the larger size of asphaltene molecules compared to the other hydrocarbon, it is reasonable to predict the precipitation using the Flory–Huggins theory. In this study, Flory–Huggins solution theory has been modified regarding the solvent molar volume. The modified model was used to predict the asphaltene precipitation of four oil samples in the absence and presence of the inhibitors. Then, the modeling data given by the Flory–Huggins theory was validated with the experimental data obtained by ASTM D-6560 standard method. The mean error at this modeling was 2–13%, which seems acceptable. The proposed model for the cases where an inhibitor is not involved has higher accuracy. The modified Flory–Huggins theory confirmed that the addition of inhibitors at all concentrations postpones the onset point. The average error of the modified model was found to be 4.5–9.8%, which is in a good range. Also, the model accuracy is less for situations where the asphaltene content of the crude oil is higher. Based on this study, the modification of Flory–Huggins theory, regarding the solvent molar volume leads to a lower error.
Radio antipodal number of honeycomb derived networks
Authors: Gomathi S. , Venugopal P.
Published: November 2022

The communication in a wireless network mainly depends on the frequencies or channels assigned to them. The channels must be assigned to all the transmitters in the network without interference for effective communication. This problem is said to be a channel (frequency) assignment problem (CAP). With the limited availability of channels, CAP has become a challenging problem. This problem is modeled as a graph, where each transmitter is represented by a vertex, and two vertices are adjacent when their corresponding transmitters are close. The labelling technique in graph theory has played an important role in solving CAP, thereby the time and cost will be saved. In radio antipodal labeling, the channels were reused again for the antipodal vertices. It will reduce the usage of the number of channels, with minimum interference. Hence it is a better labeling compared to other labelings. It is a mapping $$\tau$$
τ
from the vertex set of a graph T to the set of natural numbers such that the condition $$d(\alpha ,\eta )+\mid \tau (\alpha )-\tau (\eta )\mid \ge diam(T)$$

d
(
α
,
η
)
+
∣
τ
(
α
)
-
τ
(
η
)
∣
≥
d
i
a
m
(
T
)

, is satisfied. The span of the antipodal labeling $$\tau$$
τ
is the maximum label allotted in a graph and is given by $$sp(\tau )=max\{\mid \tau (\alpha )-\tau (\eta )\mid :\alpha ,\eta \in V(T)\}$$

s
p
(
τ
)
=
m
a
x
{
∣
τ
(
α
)
-
τ
(
η
)
∣
:
α
,
η
∈
V
(
T
)
}

. The lowest value of all the spans of the antipodal labeling of graph T is said to be radio antipodal number. It is denoted by an(T). The value of the minimum span gives the bandwidth or spectrum of the channels. The honeycomb network plays an important role in communication engineering because of its structure. In this paper, the bounds of the antipodal number of honeycomb derived networks—triangular and rhombic honeycomb were obtained and represented graphically. These bounds give the optimum number of channels (bandwidth) needed for these honeycomb derived networks for effective communication without interference.
Drivers and variability of CO2:O2 saturation along a gradient from boreal to Arctic lakes
Authors: Allesson Lina , Valiente Nicolas , Dörsch Peter , Andersen Tom , Eiler Alexander , Hessen Dag O.
Published: November 2022

Lakes are significant players for the global climate since they sequester terrestrially derived dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and emit greenhouse gases like CO2to the atmosphere. However, the differences in environmental drivers of CO2concentrations are not well constrained along latitudinal and thus climate gradients. Our aim here is to provide a better understanding of net heterotrophy and gas balance at the catchment scale in a set of boreal, sub-Arctic and high-Arctic lakes. We assessed water chemistry and concentrations of dissolved O2and CO2, as well as the CO2:O2ratio in three groups of lakes separated by steps of approximately 10 degrees latitude in South-Eastern Norway (near 60° N), sub-Arctic lakes in the northernmost part of the Norwegian mainland (near 70° N) and high-Arctic lakes on Svalbard (near 80° N). Across all regions, CO2saturation levels varied more (6–1374%) than O2saturation levels (85–148%) and hence CO2saturation governed the CO2:O2ratio. The boreal lakes were generally undersaturated with O2, while the sub-Arctic and high-Arctic lakes ranged from O2saturated to oversaturated. Regardless of location, the majority of the lakes were CO2supersaturated. In the boreal lakes the CO2:O2ratio was mainly related to DOC concentration, in contrast to the sub-Arctic and high-Arctic localities, where conductivity was the major statistical determinant. While the southern part is dominated by granitic and metamorphic bedrock, the sub-Arctic sites are scattered across a range of granitic to sedimentary bed rocks, and the majority of the high-Arctic lakes are situated on limestone, resulting in contrasting lake alkalinities between the regions. DOC dependency of the CO2:O2ratio in the boreal region together with low alkalinity suggests that in-lake heterotrophic respiration was a major source of lake CO2. Contrastingly, the conductivity dependency indicates that CO2saturation in the sub-Arctic and high-Arctic lakes was to a large part explained by DIC input from catchment respiration and carbonate weathering.
Influence of dopant concentration on the ammonia sensing performance of citric acid-doped polyvinyl acetate nanofibers
Authors: Khamidy Nur Istiqomah , Aflaha Rizky , Nurfani Eka , Djamal Mitra , Triyana Kuwat , Wasisto Hutomo Suryo , Rianjanu Aditya
Published: November 2022

In a citric acid (CA)-doped polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) nanofiber-integrated quartz crystal microbalance (QCM), applying a higher concentration of citric acid dopants can increase the sensor sensitivity linearly.
MnO2–DNA nanomaterials toward the dual signal detection of P-aminophenol micropollutants
Authors: Li Xiang-Ling , Wang Zi-Heng , Zhang Qin , Luo Dan , Xie Jing jing
Published: November 2022

We constructed the MnO2–DNA nanomaterials for the dual-signal detection of P-aminophenol in a complex environment.
Variational approach to quantum state tomography based on maximal entropy formalism
Authors: Gupta Rishabh , Sajjan Manas , Levine Raphael D. , Kais Sabre
Published: November 2022

Quantum state tomography is an integral part of quantum computation and offers the starting point for the validation of various quantum devices.
Water confinement in small polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
Authors: Zamir Alon , Rossich Molina Estefania , Ahmed Musahid , Stein Tamar
Published: November 2022

Water confinement is vital in fields from biology to nanotechnology. The conditions allowing confinement in small finite polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are unclear, yet they are crucial for understanding confinement in larger systems.
Redox-neutral synthesis of π-allylcobalt complexes from alkenes for aldehyde allylation via photoredox catalysis
Authors: Zhang Dandan , Li Haoyu , Guo Zhuowen , Chen Yuqing , Yan Huaipu , Ye Zenghui , Zhang Fengzhi , Lu Binghui , Hao Erjun , Shi Lei
Published: November 2022

This work reports the first visible-light mediated cobalt-catalyzed aldehyde allylation with simple alkenes to produce homo-allylic alcohols. This novel strategy directly uses easily available unactivated alkenes as allyl sources instead of pre-synthesized allylic halides.
Dual-porosity micromodels for studying multiphase fluid flow in carbonate rocks
Authors: Wolf Fabiano G. , Siebert Diogo N. , Carreño Marcelo N. P. , Lopes Alexandre T. , Zabot Alexandre M. , Surmas Rodrigo
Published: November 2022

A novel design technique for Rock-on-a-Chip microfluidic devices was developed allowing the creation of a macroporous system made up of larger channels and vugs that can be filled with distinct microporosity types.
NiCr-LDH–Co nanosheets on nickel foam as efficient oxygen evolution electrocatalysts in alkaline media
Authors: Qin Mengyuan , Ma Guiyuan , Fan Zunhao , Chen Yanhua , Xin Xing
Published: November 2022

Nickel–chromium LDH–cobalt nanosheets (NiCr-LDH–Co/NF) based on foamed nickel were prepared by the hydrothermal method. The material has excellent OER properties in 1 M KOH electrolyte.
Functional regioregular (poly)urethanes from soft nucleophiles and cyclic iminocarbonates
Authors: Grignard Bruno , Mampuys Pieter , Escudero Julien , Masullo Dario , Lemière Filip , Maes Bert U. W. , Detrembleur Christophe
Published: November 2022

A method with a broad functional group tolerance is reported to produce in an atom economical fashion functional (poly)urethanes from soft (di)nucleophiles and (di)cyclic iminocarbonates, viewed as a masked version of isocyanates.
Phosphate-induced enhancement of fumarate production from a CO2 and pyruvate with the system of malate dehydrogenase and fumarase
Authors: Takeuchi Mika , Amao Yutaka
Published: November 2022

The phosphate-addition induced improvement of the synthesis yield of fumarate from CO2 and pyruvate in an aqueous medium using a multi-biocatalytic system of ME from Sulfobus tokodaii and FUM from porcine heart in the presence of NADH was demonstrated.
Thirty years of SET/TAF1β/I2PP2A: from the identification of the biological functions to its implications in cancer and Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Di Mambro Antonella , Esposito Maria Teresa
Published: November 2022

The gene encoding for the protein SE translocation (SET) was identified for the first time 30 years ago as part of a chromosomal translocation in a patient affected by leukemia. Since then, accumulating evidence have linked overexpression of SET, aberrant SET splicing, and cellular localization to cancer progression and development of neurodegenerative tauopathies such as Alzheimer’s disease. Molecular biology tools, such as targeted genetic deletion, and pharmacological approaches based on SET antagonist peptides, have contributed to unveil the molecular functions of SET and its implications in human pathogenesis. In this review, we provide an overview of the functions of SET as inhibitor of histone and non-histone protein acetylation and as a potent endogenous inhibitor of serine–threonine phosphatase PP2A. We discuss the role of SET in multiple cellular processes, including chromatin remodelling and gene transcription, DNA repair, oxidative stress, cell cycle, apoptosis cell migration and differentiation. We review the molecular mechanisms linking SET dysregulation to tumorigenesis and discuss how SET commits neurons to progressive cell death in Alzheimer’s disease, highlighting the rationale of exploiting SET as a therapeutic target for cancer and neurodegenerative tauopathies.
Genetically inducing renal lymphangiogenesis attenuates hypertension in mice
Authors: Goodlett Bethany L. , Balasubbramanian Dakshnapriya , Navaneethabalakrishnan Shobana , Love Sydney E. , Luera Emily M. , Konatham Sunitha , Chiasson Valorie L. , Wedgeworth Sophie , Rutkowski Joseph M. , Mitchell Brett M.
Published: November 2022

Background: Hypertension (HTN) is associated with renal proinflammatory immune cell infiltration and increased sodium retention. We reported previously that renal lymphatic vessels, which are responsible for trafficking immune cells from the interstitial space to draining lymph nodes, increase in density under hypertensive conditions. We also demonstrated that augmenting renal lymphatic density can prevent HTN in mice. Whether renal lymphangiogenesis can treat HTN in mice is unknown. We hypothesized that genetically inducing renal lymphangiogenesis after the establishment of HTN would attenuate HTN in male and female mice from three different HTN models.

Methods: Mice with inducible kidney-specific overexpression of VEGF-D (KidVD) experience renal lymphangiogenesis upon doxycycline administration. HTN was induced in KidVD+ and KidVD- mice by subcutaneous release of angiotensin II, administration of the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor L-NAME, or consumption of a 4% salt diet following a L-NAME priming and washout period. After a week of HTN stimuli treatment, doxycycline was introduced. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) readings were taken weekly. Kidney function was determined from urine and serum measures. Kidneys were processed for RT-qPCR, flow cytometry, and imaging.

Results: Mice that underwent renal-specific lymphangiogenesis had significantly decreased SBP and renal proinflammatory immune cells. Additionally, renal lymphangiogenesis was associated with a decrease in sodium transporter expression and increased fractional excretion of sodium, indicating improved sodium handling efficiency.

Conclusions: These findings demonstrate that augmenting renal lymphangiogenesis can treat HTN in male and female mice by improving renal immune cell trafficking and sodium handling.
Self-Reported Dual Sensory Impairment and Subjective Cognitive Complaints Among Older Adults in the 2019 National Health Interview Survey
Authors: Smith Jason R. , Betz Joshua F. , Garcia Emmanuel E. , Jiang Kening , Swenor Bonnielin K. , Reed Nicholas S. , Deal Jennifer A.
Published: November 2022

Purpose:

Subjective cognitive complaints (SCCs) are associated with poor quality of life, important for clinical care planning and management, and may predict dementia diagnosis. Dual sensory impairment (DSI) is a risk factor for dementia, but whether DSI is associated with SCCs is unknown. We evaluated whether self-reported DSI is associated with SCCs.

Method:

We performed a cross-sectional analysis of 9,899 community-dwelling respondents aged 60+ years without dementia or depression in the 2019 National Health Interview Survey. Participants self-reported difficulty remembering or concentrating, seeing even when wearing corrective lenses, and hearing even when using a hearing aid. We defined SCCs and sensory impairment for each mode as reporting at least some difficulty. We categorized sensory impairment into no sensory impairment, vision impairment only, hearing impairment only, and DSI. We then estimated weighted prevalence ratios (PRs) of SCCs by impairment category.

Results:

After weighting (9,899 participants representing a weighted
n
= 59,261,749), 12% of participants reported vision impairment only, 19% reported hearing impairment only, and 7% reported DSI. Relative to no impairment, after adjustment for potential confounders, vision impairment (PR = 2.07; 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.79, 2.39]), hearing impairment (PR = 2.26; 95% CI [2.00, 2.55]), and DSI (PR = 3.21; 95% CI [2.83, 3.63]) were associated with an increased prevalence of SCCs.

Conclusions:

In this nationally representative survey of older Americans, DSI was associated with a threefold increased prevalence of SCCs. Although cross-sectional, these data underscore the importance of assessing multiple impairments as exposures when studying subjective cognition in older adults.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.21498711
“I Avoid Interactions With Medical Professionals as Much as Possible Now”: Health Care Experiences of Individuals With Traumatic Brain Injuries
Authors: Hoepner Jerry K. , Keegan Louise C.
Published: November 2022

Purpose:

This study examined the perceptions of health care experiences by individuals with traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) across the recovery continuum, regarding care received by a variety of health care providers following their TBI. It sought to identify whether perceptions differed across mild, moderate, and severe participants, as well as acute, subacute, and chronic recovery.

Method:

Eighteen individuals with TBI were interviewed, using the Sydney Psychosocial Reintegration Scale–Second Edition (SPRS-2) and a semistructured interview about health care perceptions. A qualitative investigation employing two methods, interpretive phenomenological analysis (IPA) and Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL; modality and appraisal analysis), provided a micro and macrolevel discourse analysis.

Results:

IPA analyses of SPRS-2 interviews differed across severity levels but included changes to relationships, identity, and changes to social engagement and activity. IPA results revealed three core themes related to the health care experiences across severity that encompassed (a) frustrations with providers and (b) lack of support in the chronic phase, and (c) that finding support is crucial. SFL results provided insight into how individuals appraised such experiences in light of their identity and personal perspectives. Key differences between individuals with mild, moderate, and severe TBI diagnoses were found, with those who experienced a mild TBI expressing the most discontent with services received. Participants were most satisfied with acute care and least satisfied with chronic phase support.

Conclusions:

The results of this study have significant implications for health care professionals interacting with individuals who have experienced a TBI. Facilitating improved communication, referrals, increased access to mental health counseling, and resources such as groups to support identity expression could improve the health care experience.
Optimal adaptive protection of smart grids using high‐set relays and smart selection of relay tripping characteristics considering different network configurations and operation modes
Authors: Ataee‐Kachoee Amir Hossein , Hashemi‐Dezaki Hamed , Ketabi Abbas
Published: November 2022

Much attention has been paid to optimizing smart grids (SGs) and microgrids (MGs) protection schemes. The SGs’ operation in different operating modes (especially grid‐connected and islanded conditions) and various system configurations (such as the outage of each of the distribution generations) adversely influence the protection system. The adaptive protection schemes using different setting groups are suitable and reliable solutions to achieve a fast protective system. However, the literature shows a research gap in developing optimized adaptive protection schemes, focusing on constraint reduction, besides the optimal selection of time‐current characteristics for direction overcurrent relays (DOCRs) and high‐set relays (HSRs). This research aims to fill such a research gap. The power system analyses, such as power flow and short circuit studies, are done in DIgSILENT, and the genetic algorithm (GA) is used to find the optimum solutions. Test results of the IEEE 38‐bus distribution system illustrate the advantages of this study compared to existing ones. The comparative test results emphasize that 31.78% and 21.62% decrement in time of the protective scheme in different topologies for the distribution networks of the IEEE 38‐bus and IEEE 14‐bus test systems could be achievable by simultaneously optimizing relay characteristics and HSRs compared to existing approaches.
Constraining the multi-scale dark-matter distribution in CASSOWARY 31 with strong gravitational lensing and stellar dynamics
Authors: Wang H. , Cañameras R. , Caminha G. B. , Suyu S. H. , Yıldırım A. , Chirivì G. , Christensen L. , Grillo C. , Schuldt S.
Published: November 2022

We study the inner structure of the group-scale lens CASSOWARY 31 (CSWA 31) by adopting both strong lensing and dynamical modeling. CSWA 31 is a peculiar lens system. The brightest group galaxy (BGG) is an ultra-massive elliptical galaxy atz = 0.683 with a weighted mean velocity dispersion ofσ = 432 ± 31 km s−1. It is surrounded by group members and several lensed arcs probing up to ≃150 kpc in projection. Our results significantly improve on previous analyses of CSWA 31 thanks to the new HST imaging and MUSE integral-field spectroscopy. From the secure identification of five sets of multiple images and measurements of the spatially resolved stellar kinematics of the BGG, we conduct a detailed analysis of the multi-scale mass distribution using various modeling approaches, in both the single and multiple lens-plane scenarios. Our best-fit mass models reproduce the positions of multiple images and provide robust reconstructions for two background galaxies atz = 1.4869 andz = 2.763. Despite small variations related to the different sets of input constraints, the relative contributions from the BGG and group-scale halo are remarkably consistent in our three reference models, demonstrating the self-consistency between strong lensing analyses based on image position and extended image modeling. We find that the ultra-massive BGG dominates the projected total mass profiles within 20 kpc, while the group-scale halo dominates at larger radii. The total projected mass enclosed withinReff = 27.2 kpc is 1.10−0.04+0.02 × 1013M⊙. We find that CSWA 31 is a peculiar fossil group, strongly dark-matter dominated toward the central region, and with a projected total mass profile similar to higher-mass cluster-scale halos. The total mass-density slope within the effective radius is shallower than isothermal, consistent with previous analyses of early-type galaxies in overdense environments.
The Sard problem in step 2 and in filiform Carnot groups,
Authors: Boarotto Francesco , Nalon Luca , Vittone Davide
Published: November 2022

We study the Sard problem for the endpoint map in some well-known classes of Carnot groups. Our first main result deals with step 2 Carnot groups, where we provide lower bounds (depending only on the algebra of the group) on the codimension of the abnormal set; it turns out that our bound is always at least 3, which improves the result proved in Le Donne et al. [Ann. Inst. H. Poincaré Anal. Non Linéaire 33 (2016) 1639–1666] and settles a question emerged in Ottazzi and Vittone [ESAIM: COCV 25 (2019) 18]. In our second main result we characterize the abnormal set in filiform groups and show that it is either a horizontal line, or a 3-dimensional algebraic variety.
On generating fuzzy Pareto solutions in fully fuzzy multiobjective linear programmingviaa compromise method
Authors: Arana-Jiménez Manuel
Published: November 2022

In the present paper, it is unified and extended recent contributions on fully fuzzy multiobjective linear programming, and it is proposed a new method for obtaining fuzzy Pareto solutions of a fully fuzzy multiobjective linear programming problem. For its formulation, triangular fuzzy numbers and variables are combined with fuzzy partial orders and fuzzy arithmetic, and no ranking functions are required. By means of solving related crisp multiobjective linear problems, it is provided algorithms to generate fuzzy Pareto solutions; in particular, to generate compromise fuzzy Pareto solutions, what is a novelty in this field.
Alltagsdiagnostik: Per App vom Krankenbett in die Patientenakte
Authors: Reisinger Kathrin
Published: November 2022

Mobile Anwendungen halten immer mehr Einzug in den Klinikalltag. Besonders im Wundmanagement zeigen sich die Vorteile solcher Lösungen. Die hohe Form der Patientenversorgung bieten digitale Lösungen, die dazu noch sektorenübergreifend eingesetzt werden können. Eine Reise durch den App-Markt.
Simulations predict secondary sonic booms along American coastlines
Authors: Johnson-Groh Mara
Published: November 2022

When atmospheric conditions are just right, sonic booms from speeding aircraft can be heard. A new study investigates when those conditions are most likely.
Pixel level control of amplitude, phase, and polarization of an arbitrary vector beam
Authors: Yang Jianhe , Lin Danping , Bao Dongjie , Tao Shaohua
Published: November 2022

The generation of vector beams with complex spatial distributions is significant in the field of optical manipulation, optical metrology, optical microscopy, and so on. In this work, we propose a method to generate arbitrary vector beams, which is based on the complex amplitude beam shaping technology and the interferometric optical path configuration. With the method, we can achieve pixel-level control of amplitude, phase, and polarization of an arbitrary vector beam. Furthermore, different polarization states and orientations can be designed to coexist in one beam. The method has been verified with theoretical analysis and experimental results. The proposed method expands the application range of vector beams and provides a conducive way to explore the optical properties of the vector beams.
Acceleration of cold ions in magnetic reconnection
Authors: Zhang Heng , Lei Bing-Yan , Zhu Zhi-Lin , Zhang Qing-He
Published: November 2022

This paper describes the results of 2.5D particle-in-cell kinetic simulations of magnetic reconnection. We consider the case without cold ions (case 0) and with a cold ion flow loaded at two localized positions (cases 1 and 2). The cold ions are loaded on the lower side of the inflow region in cases 1 and 2: along the x-direction, the cold ions are centered at the x location of the X-line in case 1 and are positioned to one side in case 2. Our simulations suggest that cold ions are accelerated and heated near the upper separatrix region in both cases 1 and 2. The gyroradius of the orbit of cold ions increases in the diffusion region owing to the weak magnetic field and then enter the outflow region, where the cold ions pick up the E×B outflow. The cold ions are prevented from crossing the upper separatrix by the Hall electric field, which is negative at the upper exhaust region separatrix. The cold ions are accelerated along the negative z-direction in the upper inflow region by the nonideal electric field (E+vci×B)z for case 1. During this process, the cold ions undergo demagnetization drift association with the finite Larmor radius effect of cold ions. Yet, the reconnection rate decreases after the cold ions flow into the diffusion region. However, the magnetic reconnection rate exhibits no significant changes in case 2.
Automated analysis method for high throughput nanoindentation data with quantitative uncertainty
Authors: Becker Bernard R. , Hintsala Eric D. , Stadnick Benjamin , Hangen Ude D. , Stauffer Douglas D.
Published: November 2022

High throughput nanoindentation techniques can provide rapid materials screening and property mapping and can span millimeter length scales and up to 106 data points. To facilitate rapid sorting of these data into similar groups, a necessary task for establishing structure–property relationships, use of an unsupervised machine learning analysis called clustering has grown in popularity. Here, a method is proposed and tested that evaluates the uncertainty associated with various clustering algorithms for an example high entropy alloy data set and explores the effect of the number of data points in a second Damascus steel data set. The proposed method utilizes the bootstrapping method of Efron to resample a modeled probability distribution function based upon the original data, which allows the uncertainty related to the clustering to be evaluated in contrast to the classical standard error on the mean calculations. For the Damascus, it was found that results data from a 104 point subsample are comparable to those from the full 106 set while representing a significant reduction in data acquisition.
Enhanced stability and mobility of solution-processed oxide thin-film transistors with bilayer terbium-incorporated indium oxide channel
Authors: He Penghui , Ding Chunchun , Zou Xuming , Li Guoli , Hu Wei , Ma Chao , Flandre Denis , Iñíguez Benjamín , Liao Lei , Lan Linfeng , Liu Xingqiang
Published: November 2022

The trade-off between mobility and stability in oxide thin-film transistors (TFTs) hinders further advances of an active-matrix flat panel display. Herein, a solution-processed bilayer active channel is designed to improve the stability and mobility simultaneously. The optical bandgap and work function of Tb:In2O3 films are modulated by tuning the film thickness and Tb concentration of Tb-doped indium oxide (Tb:In2O3) films. Large conduction band offset is achieved in a Tb:In2O3 bilayer channel, which induces accumulation of abundant electrons at the interface. The mobility is significantly improved to 38.2 cm2/V s, and the photoinduced stability of bilayer Tb:In2O3 TFTs is improved with low threshold voltage shift of 0.26 and −0.38 V under negative-bias illumination stress and negative-bias temperature illumination stress, respectively.
Jitter-calibrated second-order correlation measurement for pulsed excitation with low repetition rate
Authors: Gong Jue , Wu Hao , Guo Xin , Fang Wei , Tong Limin
Published: November 2022

Second-order correlation [g2(τ)] measurement has been utilized to characterize a nanolaser with high spontaneous emission coupling factor. Pulse excitation with low repetition rate is usually preferred for nanolasers due to its heat accumulation or photobleaching induced problem; however, introducing pulse-to-pulse timing jitter issue hinders the g2(τ) measurement from functioning. Here, a jitter-calibrated method is proposed by adding an extra reference time channel so that the g2(τ) can be calculated accurately. To verify the validity of this calibration method, the lasing threshold of a CdSe nanowire excited by a pulsed laser with a repetition rate of 1 kHz is studied. The descent of g2(0) to 1 coincides with the kink in light-in vs light-out curve, which confirms the effectiveness of this method.
Global Mittag-Leffler synchronization of coupled delayed fractional reaction-diffusion Cohen–Grossberg neural networks via sliding mode control
Authors: Kao Yonggui , Cao Yue , Chen Xiangyong
Published: November 2022

This paper studies the sliding mode control method for coupled delayed fractional reaction-diffusion Cohen–Grossberg neural networks on a directed non-strongly connected topology. A novel fractional integral sliding mode surface and the corresponding control law are designed to realize global Mittag-Leffler synchronization. The sufficient conditions for synchronization and reachability of the sliding mode surface are derived via the hierarchical method and the Lyapunov method. Finally, simulations are provided to verify our theoretical findings.
Pulse response of the GaAs/GaAsP superlattice photocathode
Authors: Scahill Nahid , Aulenbacher Kurt
Published: November 2022

Pulse responses of different materials commonly used as electron sources in photoinjectors have been determined. Thin film photocathodes, such as strained GaAs/GaAsP superlattice and K2CsSb, produce fast responses. The emission intensity at time scales comparable with the acceptance of electron accelerators is found to be reasonably low, which is an advantage for operation at high beam powers. The temporal responses of these cathodes are compared with the response of bulk GaAs.
A continuous approach to Floquet theory for pulse-sequence optimization in solid-state NMR
Authors: Chávez Matías , Ernst Matthias
Published: November 2022

We present a framework that uses a continuous frequency space to describe and design solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments. The approach is similar to the well-established Floquet treatment for NMR, but it is not restricted to periodic Hamiltonians and allows the design of experiments in a reverse fashion. The framework is based on perturbation theory on a continuous Fourier space, which leads to effective, i.e., time-independent, Hamiltonians. It allows the back-calculation of the pulse scheme from the desired effective Hamiltonian as a function of spin-system parameters. We show as an example how to back-calculate the rf irradiation in the MIRROR experiment from the desired chemical-shift offset behavior of the sequence.
Absolute N-atom density measurement in an Ar/N2 micro-hollow cathode discharge jet by means of ns-two-photon absorption laser-induced fluorescence
Authors: Remigy A. , Aubert X. , Prasanna S. , Gazeli K. , Invernizzi L. , Lombardi G. , Lazzaroni C.
Published: November 2022

In this work, nanosecond two-photon absorption laser-induced fluorescence (TALIF) is used to probe the absolute density of nitrogen atoms in a plasma generated using a micro-hollow cathode discharge (MHCD). The MHCD is operated in the normal regime, and the plasma is ignited in an Ar/N2 gas mixture. First, we study a MHCD configuration having the same pressure (50 mbar) on both sides of the electrodes. A good agreement is found between the density of N atoms measured using TALIF in this work and previous measurements using vacuum ultraviolet Fourier transform absorption spectroscopy. Then, we introduce a pressure differential between the two electrodes of the MHCD, creating a plasma jet. The influence of the discharge current, the percentage of N2 in the gas mixture, and pressures on both sides of the MHCD is studied. The current has a small impact on the N-atom density. Furthermore, an optimal N-atom density is found at around 95% of N2 in the discharge. Finally, we demonstrate that the pressure has a different impact depending on the side of the MHCD: the density of N atoms is much more sensitive to the change of the pressure in the low-pressure side when compared to the pressure change in the high-pressure side. This could be due to several competing phenomena: gas residence time in the cathodic region, recirculation, or recombination of the N atoms at the wall. This study contributes to the optimization of MHCD as an efficient N-atom source for material deposition applications.
Transport physics dependence of Bohm speed in presheath–sheath transition
Authors: Li Yuzhi , Srinivasan Bhuvana , Zhang Yanzeng , Tang Xian-Zhu
Published: November 2022

The ion exit flow speed at the sheath entrance is constrained by the Bohm criterion, which is used as a boundary condition for simulations that do not resolve the sheath region. Traditional Bohm criterion analysis invokes the equation of state and, thus, ignores transport physics in the sheath transition problem. An expression for the Bohm speed away from the asymptotic limit is derived from a set of anisotropic plasma transport equations. The thermal force, collisional temperature isotropization, and heat flux enter into the evaluation of the Bohm speed. By comparison with kinetic simulation results, this expression is shown to be accurate in the presheath–sheath transition region rather than a single point at the sheath entrance over a broad range of collisionality.
Broadband terahertz polarization conversion using a planar toroidal metamaterial
Authors: Sarkar Rakesh , Bhattacharya Angana , Punjal Ajinkya , Prabhu Shriganesh S. , Kumar Gagan
Published: November 2022

The development of metamaterial-based photonic components has acquired a significant interest in technological developments at terahertz frequencies. The manipulation of the state of polarization is an important parameter in optical devices. In this study, we have investigated, both numerically and experimentally, a toroidal excitation-based metamaterial that is capable of converting terahertz from its linearly polarized state to an orthogonally polarized state over a broad spectrum. The meta-molecule unit of the proposed geometry is comprised of a pair of resonators connected to each other having a split gap in each arm. We have studied both the horizontal and vertical components of transmission for numerous in-plane rotations of the proposed geometry. A multipolar analysis confirms a significant contribution of the toroidal component. Polarization conversion of nearly 40% is observed over a broad spectrum of 1.19–2.5 THz. Such a broadband cross-polarization converter could have remarkable implications for the development of terahertz toroidal metamaterial devices.
Upgrade and benchmark of quasi-linear transport model EDWM
Authors: Fransson E. , Nordman H. , Strand P. ,   JET Contributors
Published: November 2022

The verification of a new saturation rule applied to the quasi-linear fluid model EDWM (extended drift wave model) and the calibration of several other features are presented. As one of the computationally fastest first-principle-based core transport models, EDWM can include an arbitrary number of ions and charge states. This feature is especially important for experimental devices with plasma-facing components made of heavy elements, such as the upcoming ITER device. As a quasi-linear model, EDWM solves a linear dispersion relation to obtain the instabilities driving the turbulence and combines the linear description with an estimation of the saturation level of the electrostatic potential to determine the fluxes. A new saturation rule at the characteristic length combined with a spectral filter for the poloidal wavenumber dependency is developed. The shape of the filter has been fitted against the poloidal wavenumber dependency of the electrostatic potential from non-linear gyrokinetic simulations. Additionally, EDWM's collision frequency and safety factor dependencies, as well as the electron heat flux level, have been calibrated against gyrokinetic and gyrofluid results. Finally, the saturation level has been normalized against non-linear gyrokinetic simulations and later validated against experimental measured fluxes from 12 discharges at JET.