bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
НАВЧАННЯ МАЙБУТНІХ ПЕРЕКЛАДАЧІВ СИНХРОННОГО ПЕРЕКЛАДУ В СОЦІАЛЬНИХ МЕРЕЖАХ
Authors: Maksymchuk Zhanna , Horenko Iryna , Sushko Zoriana
Published: August 2023

The article is devoted to teaching the main features of simultaneous translation in social networks, taking into account the specifics of this genre of communication. The relevance of the issue is that now more and more people are using social networks as a means to promote their business, and thus many experts and brands need translators, and especially simultaneous ones, who could help adequately represent products and services on the international market. The purpose of the article is to analyze the main challenges that translators face when working with text messages, comments and posts in social networks, namely the speed of reaction, the importance of context and non-standard formats. In addition, the peculiarities of translation in various social networks, such as Twitter, Facebook, Instagram, LinkedIn, and their influence on the process of simultaneous translation are considered. In the course of the research, such methods as observation, synthesis and analysis of information were carried out. The article presents an analysis of the main features of simultaneous translation, namely speed, brevity, informality, a large amount of visual content, emotional aspect, tone of voice and their structural-grammatical and lexical functions. The article contains recommendations for translators on effective and accurate simultaneous translation in social networks. Informational and explanatory functions, to which the whole article is devoted, are only its secondary purpose. The following main methods of simultaneous translation were also highlighted: functional substitution, transcription, transliteration, descriptive translation (explication), reduction, expansion and borrowing. In addition to this, we identified the main approaches used in simultaneous interpreting, namely targeting real-time, blogger, audience, social network and content. In addition, key aspects have found their way into translator training profiles and quality standards for translation services. Central to the acquisition of translation competence is reflection on decisions and actions during the translation process, as well as various process studies.
THE CATEGORY “SPACE” IN THE HUMANITIES
Authors: Lutava Svitlana
Published: August 2023

The paper analyzes the contribution of many linguists to the study of the concept of "space", its properties, and the words, that denotes it, outlines existing scholarly approaches to the space semantics study. As a result of consideration of the achievements of scientists in the study of spatial semantics, differences in their views on issues of terminological, identification and classification nature were revealed. Also, considering the lack of a single approach to the identification and classification of the space nominations characteristics in modern linguistics, the paper carries out the analysis and develops unique identification and differential loci parameters which underlie the concept of space, i.e. a fundamental division of the lexical units semantics into two major groups “real space” and “virtual space”; principles of loci classification are proposed. Also, the research outlines the loci potential implementation spheres and their reflection in the language, types of space, classification criteria, and a wide range of basic identification and distinctive features, which are further on grouped into blocks: recognition signs (what-system)– organisation signs or space types; location and dynamic signs (where-system). In their turn, the distinctive features enable to single out the nominations in question from the empirical material; applying the developed criteria for differentiating the empirical database, it becomes possible to categorise the loci on the basis of recognition, space organisation, and location (opposition between the real / virtual substance based on the features of objective / subjective, individual / social, natural / sociocultural markers, taking into account the space type within its horizontal and vertical localisation: vertical spatial trichotomy (an overland, extraterrestrial world / real world, terrestrial / underground world); three-dimensional spatial trichotomy (close world / transitional world / distant alien world); universal space dichotomy (internal world / external world), etc.).The main criterion when evaluating whether the lexeme belongs to the loci group nucleus or periphery is the degree of the spatial semantics explicitness in the structure of its lexical meanings.
OSTROH STREET NAMES OF XVI–XVII CENTURIES
Authors: Maksymchuk Vitalii
Published: August 2023

The article analyzes Ostroh street names of the XVI–XVII centuries, recorded in historical sources published in the Old Ukrainian and Middle Polish languages. Hodonyms are characterized in the context of denotative-nominative classification. It was found out that the formation of Ostroh hodonymicon began at the end of the XVI century, and the first mentions of street names were recorded in the Primary Tribute Register of Ostroh Volost and Zdovbytsky Dvir in 1576. Two types of street names were distinguished and described: hodonyms-landmarks that helped people to orientate them locality, and really hodonyms that clearly named the street. The names of streets, which consist of their own name supplemented by an indication of an external object, were analyzed separately. It has been determined that for medieval Ostroh landmark objects were the princely castle, city fence (palisade), Lutsk and Tatar towers, pond, river, mills, etc. It was found that really hodonyms are most often motivated by the names of ethnic groups (Jews, Turks, Tatars) or the type of people’s activity (shoemakers, wheelwrights, tanners) who lived on the streets of Ostroh, as well as by the names of cities (Lutsk, Rivne, Zviahel, Kamianets), in the direction which were led by the street. Single hodonyms are associated with features of the terrain, place or order of location and in historical documents they have different names, which prove their non-codification and instability. Examples of the renaming of some streets at the end of the XVI century have been recorded and the formation of memorial hodonyms common in the modern onymic space has been fixed. It has been confirmed that the hodonymicon of the XVI–XVII centuries reflects key information from the history of Ostroh development, settlement of suburbs and social stratification of the city.
MODELING OF ARTISTIC SPACE IN THE SECOND VOLUME OF GOGOL’S «DEAD SOULS»
Authors: Skvira Nataliia
Published: August 2023

The article studies the specifics of modeling of the space in the artistic structure of the second volume of «Dead Souls». This theme has not been designated as the subject of a special study and merits for the utmost respect, because it is closely related with features of the development of Gogol’s plan and idea. The object of the article is chronotopic organization of the second part of the poem, where the richness of the description of the activity is attributed to the trio of equals: «earthly», «transitional» and «spiritual». Such threefold conception sacralizes the text, potentiates the sound of the idea of resurrection, imbues the realities with the biblical symbolism. Coordinates of the road as a main motive of the second volume of «Dead Souls» are universalized, the space paradigm is realized with the help of the landscape, which is different from the images of pictures of nature in the first part of the poem. Specular image of the churches and trees complements the mountain landscape and organizes a harmonious perspective of connection between nature and the human world. Mirror projections semantically correlate with the infernal, or eternal matrix, microcosm of «dead» and «alive», and are identified as a device of complexity, characteristic of medieval painting, Renaissance and baroque art, as a manifestation of «reversal perspective». The author also studies the specificity of the landscape and the functioning of biblical images associated with it; a role of «dumb scene», spacious «confusion»; a motive of the road as an axial constant of the poem, which has two dimensions: the road, connected with Chichikov’s troika, and the road of all historical world, which Rus-troika rushes, which correlates with the synodic spiritual vertical, with the Easter basis – a characteristic of Gogol’s «Dead Souls» structure.
Mingling Light, Oxygen, and Organometallics to Form Cobalt-Carbon Bonds in the Confines of a Metal-Organic Nanocage
Authors: Rothschild Daniel A. , Tran Aaron , Lipke Mark C.
Published: August 2023

First-row transition-metal complexes often show a propensity for forming reactive radical species, such as superoxide complexes (M–O2•) generated by the binding of O2 to the metal, or free alkyl-radicals formed via M–C homolysis. Such radicals are important intermediates in reactions catalyzed by synthetic metal complexes and metalloenzymes, but their high reactivity can lead to undesired side reactions such as quenching by solvent, oxygen, or other radicals. In this work, we show that confinement of a CoII porphyrin complex in a large porphyrin-walled M8L6 nanocage allows for the taming of radical reactivity to enable clean oxidative alkylation of the cobalt center with tetraalkyltin reagents via an unexpected process mediated by O2 and light, which usually promote homolytic decomposition of porphyrin-supported CoIII–alkyl bonds. Indeed, analogous CoIII–alkyl complexes in free solution degrade too quickly under the alkylating conditions to enable their clean formation. The nanocage also acts as a size-selective barrier for alkylating agents, allowing CoIII–alkyl formation using SnMe4 and SnEt4 but not SnBu4. Likewise, Co–C homolysis is facilitated by the persist radical reagent TEMPO but not by a bulky derivative of TEMPO. These results show that nanoconfinement is a promising strategy for guiding radical-based organometallic reactivity under otherwise prohibitive conditions.
Impact of Spacer Cation on the Properties of Two-Dimensional Monolayer Hybrid Halide Perovskites
Authors: Li Chenchen , Chen Xian , Jin Tan , Wu Tianmin , Chen Jun , Zhuang Wei
Published: August 2023

Poor long-term stability of hybrid halide perovskites has severely inhibited their large-scale commercial applications. Recently emerging low-dimensional hybrid halide perovskites have much more enhanced long-term stability, but their wide bandgap and strong quantum well confinement severely hinder various optoelectronic applications. How to tackle these issues without sacrificing long-term stability, therefore, has been emerging as a crucial materials science concern. Based on the first principal calculations, we have investigated the impact of spacer cation on the properties of 2D monolayer hybrid halide perovskites in depth. Our simulations reveal that strong interactions of spacer cation with each other and with MX{_6}{^4–} backbone not only enhance the thermo stability of MX{_6}{^4–} backbone and protect it against water molecules, but also modulate the electronic properties via altering the crystalline structure. More importantly, the delocalized orbitals and relatively high dielectric constants of spacer cation resulting from the conjugated benzene ring weaken the quantum well confinement and potential barrier well, thus allowing the efficient electron-hole separation and photo-generated carrier out-of-plane transport. The comprehensive effect of spacer cations on the properties of 2D monolayer hybrid halide perovskites observed here, thereby, clearly demonstrates the importance of finely selected spacer cations in adopting their photophysical properties.
Findlay & Co's Illustrated Catalogue 1874-75
Authors: Cottrell William
Published: August 2023

Dunedin mill owner George Findlay published New Zealand's first cottage plans for sale to the public in March 1874. His extensive steam-powered factory bounded by Cumberland, Castle and Stuart Streets supplied all requisites for "cottages, doors, sashes, mouldings, architraves and every description of furnishings for building purposes." The only surviving copy has 30 pages of elevations and floor plans for seven cottages of three to seven rooms. At 1/8 inch to the foot, according to the Otago Witness (9 May 1874) they were "prepared so as to be fit to be put into a builder's hands" and "contain[ed] not fancy sketches but drawings which are practical and to scale." It was boom time in Dunedin, the wealthiest city in the colony, with immigrant demands for housing and for furnishing. Renegade printer Samuel Lister produced another catalogue in July 1875 but this time for George Street cabinetmakers Craig and Gillies, yet both catalogues shared some designs in common. This paper examines what prompted New Zealand's first completely illustrated architectural plans, woodware and furnishing publications to be made, what they contained and most interestingly how they were made.
By-laws under the Municipal Corporations Act: building controls in the 1870s
Authors: Isaacs Nigel
Published: August 2023

Although the Municipal Corporations Act 1867 was the first to permit local authorities to make by-laws which could impact on buildings, the coverage was expanded in the Municipal Corporations Acts of 1876 and 1886. The 1867 Act by-laws dealt with combustible materials in roofs and chimneys, distance between buildings, height and thickness of party and external walls, manufactory buildings and the erection of tents. The 1876 Act adds construction and materials of fireplaces, furnaces and chimneys, and the 1886 adds public health, lighting and gas and porters. The three top topics (by count) in the Acts were transport, sanitation and public facilities followed by buildings. The model codes provided in the Acts were inadequate for buildings, so by examination of three 1870s codes (Timaru, Auckland and Wellington) it is shown how the (London) Metropolitan Building Acts of 1844 and 1855 provided suitable details for practical by-laws. Links to Britain through imports of house construction technologies and materials are also discussed.
In the Mists of Time: Searching for traces of the first settlement of four Southland families
Authors: Mackay Christina
Published: August 2023

During the 1870s, the Provincial government terminated grazing licences on large runs in Eastern Southland and West Otago. In a series of land sales, this land was surveyed into 200-acre farms and auctioned to prospective farmers on a delayed repayment scheme. 150 years later, this research searches for traces of the first buildings from this time. It focuses on the housing of eight ancestors, great grandparents of the author, who settled within a 30 km radius in the districts of Waikoikoi, Maitland, Waikaka Valley and Otama. Information was gathered from National Library collections, district and family history books, old photographs and maps, 2018 surveys of the homestead sites and interviews with cousins still living in the area. In 1870, the rolling hills were covered with open tussock. Found artefacts suggest that Māori camped in the area during expeditions to gather food from Mataura river sites. The new settlers, often in extended family groups, travelled by horse and dray overland from Dunedin or Bluff. The Dunedin to Gore railway did not open until 1879. Their first shelters were camp-sites and wagon tilts lined in felt. Soon after they arrived, established families were able to fund the building of modest timber houses often constructed by carpenter uncles and brothers. Young single men "bached" in sod and/or timber huts until they married. One great grandmother spent childhood years "comfortably" in a "half-sod and half-timber shepherd's cottage" but her teenage years at the "Big House," the 20-room homestead on the Otama Station. It was built in 1867 of "white pine" from the forest at Tapanui. By the turn of the twentieth-century, simple cottages had received additional rooms, porches and decorative verandahs or they were upstaged by new grand timber villas. In 2018, only one homestead, originally named Hopetoun, is still standing although it is substantially altered. Family photographs, usually of the front façade, provide a limited perspective only. Memoirs and local histories offer a few more clues. While buildings from the 1870s exist, historical touchstones in these country districts are more elusive.
The Conflict and Design of Skate-able Spaces
Authors:   , Vezeau John
Published: August 2023

Skateboarding throughout our city streets creates a dynamic presence when occupying space through an adaption of prescribed space through to how spaces are analyzed. I believe skating adds vibrancy, socialization and can re-imagine the possibilities of public space through the act of skateboarding. Unfortunately skateboarding within public space is often not celebrated, tolerated or accepted and typically looked at as an undesirable user-groups within the realm of public space. Growing up close to Auckland city I have always been fascinated by the way in which skateboarding is excluded from public spaces through interventions such as ‘skate stoppers’, signage, to enforced security personal. My motivation for my research stems from the experience of growing up skateboarding throughout a dense urban fabric, which due to skateboarding deterrents lead to a need of appropriating spaces and to find that sense of belonging throughout our vast landscape.

Another primary driver throughout my research is the interest in how a skateboarder occupies space, perceives space and traverses space through the urban terrain and within a Wellington city focus. These interests create opportunities for research; to understand how skateboarding can be looked at as a strategic design tool to create inclusive spaces rather than that of an undesirable user group. An opportunity to examine strategic design interventions for public spaces to exhibit inclusive qualities for the incorporation of skateboarding through strategic design interventions.

The way in which people perceive public space are not only governed by social norms but also but also determined by rules and designated functions created by architects, landscape architects and urban planners. (Chiu, 2009, pg. 25). Skateboarding appropriates spaces in which it wasn’t designed for and is typically characterized as a transgressive activity which challenges the regulations imposed on public space (Borden, 1998, pg. 46). Yet how the skateboarders perceive space is a hyper awareness of exterior built form and the physical attributes which are examined differently than that of a non-skateboarder, thus creating opportunity of research, exploration and design strategies. The appropriation of space by skateboarding is particularly focused on the opportunities discovered in street skateboarding which holds agency of the commodification of spaces which creates potential.
El cuerpo mártir: religión y “reproducción” sexual en Francisco de Anselmo Suárez y Romero
Authors: Camacho Jorge L
Published: August 2023

En la década de 1830 Domingo del Monte, un poeta y animador cultural de La Habana organizó un grupo de escritores que se reunían en su casa para hablar de literatura y escribir narraciones “cubanas”. Algunas de estas narraciones tienen como tema el de la esclavitud. La bibliografía sobre esta literatura, caracterizada como “antiesclavista”, es extensa y tiende a enfatizar la crítica al sistema colonial. En este ensayo me interesa destacar dos aspectos poco discutidos en estas obras: el de la religión católica y el de la “cría de esclavos” en las plantaciones. En mi lectura de Francisco, de Anselmo Suárez y Romero, destaco el uso de ambos aspectos para criticar la esclavitud. Al hacerlo me apoyo en las ideas de Michel Foucault sobre el cuerpo humano como instrumento de conocimiento, represión y ganancia, y las ideas de Bronislaw Baczko sobre el imaginario social.
La hospitalidad lingüística y la crisis de la mediación fronteriza en 'Los niños perdidos' de Valeria Luiselli
Authors: Avilés Luis F
Published: August 2023

Este ensayo pone en diálogo algunas de las propuestas más importantes del pensamiento sobre la traducción literaria con Los niños perdidos de Valeria Luiselli. ¿De qué manera proposiciones tales como ‘acoger lo foráneo’, la aceptación de una ‘equivalencia sin adecuación’, lo intraducible, la ‘deficiencia aceptada’, el duo ‘traición/fidelidad’ y, en particular, la hospitalidad lingüística de Paul Ricoeur, nos ayudan a reflexionar sobre la narración de Luiselli en Los niños perdidos? Mi interés es explorar la experiencia singular de Luiselli como intérprete de la corte de inmigración y cómo la teoría de la traducción debe ser repensada a partir de las presiones ejercidas por el sistema legal fronterizo y su impacto en la forma en que se pueden recopilar, traducir y narrar los relatos de los niños inmigrantes.
Joy
Authors: Levitin Alexis Anthony
Published: August 2023

A longer story, set in Brazil, Argentina, and Antarctica
The effect of different doses of retinyl palmitate (vitamin A) on placental volume in rats
Authors: Ay Hakan , Aslan Duygu
Published: August 2023

Vitamin A and its derivatives are essential for embryonic development, but an overdose of vitamin A is toxic to the offspring. The placenta is an interface that nourishes and protects the embryo. Although there are numerous publications on the effect of vitamin A on the placenta, there is insufficient information on the changes in the morphology of this organ caused by different doses. The aim of our study was to demonstrate the effect of retinyl palmitate administered at different doses on the volume of the placenta and its component, the decidua. Pregnant rats were divided into 6 groups between gestation day 10 and 12. The first group received 10.000 IU/kg, the second group 20.000 IU/kg, the third group 50.000 IU/kg, the fourth group 100.000 IU/kg and the fifth group 200.000 IU/ kg oral vitamin A. The control group received 1 ml of corn oil on the same days. On day 19 of gestation, placentas were collected and 5 µm sections were stained with Massons’s trichrome. The volumes of total placenta and decidua were estimated using the Cavalieri volume estimation method. All placental volumes of the experimental groups were larger than those of the control groups. The decidual volume increased abruptly at a dose of 50.000 IU/kg and remained higher than the control volume at higher doses. The ratio between the decidual and placental volumes increased at 50.000 IU/kg and was smaller than the control at 200.000 IU/kg. A large placental volume is thought to be an indicator of placental insufficiency. Although our results suggest that an increase in placental volume above 10.000 IU/kg may have a negative effect on placental function, we conclude that the imbalance between decidual and placental volume above 50.000 IU/kg strengthens the suggestion that placental insufficiency may have increased after this dose.
Did Online Education Exacerbate Contract Cheating During COVID19 in China? Evidence From Sina Weibo
Authors: Xiong Yangchun , Pan Zixuan , Yang Ling
Published: August 2023

Aim/Purpose: The purpose of this study is to explore the correlation between contract cheating and online education in China, which has become a major concern due to the extensive promotion of online education worldwide amid the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: Contract cheating, also known as academic ghostwriting, refers to the act of students outsourcing academic assignments to third parties, who complete the work on their behalf. With the development of online education, the incidence of contract cheating is rising progressively. Whilst numerous scholars have conducted extensive research on the causes, prevention, and handling of contract cheating, the issue persists and needs further localized understanding.

Methodology: This study employs a mixed-methods approach. First, textual data on Sina Weibo, a popular Chinese social media platform, is collected and analyzed using VOSviewer and NVivo12 software. Field observation methods are also utilized for theme analysis and sentiment analysis. Second, the theoretical framework of organizational theory is applied to explain the impact of different modes of online education implementation on contract cheating. Finally, based on the findings, possible solutions to mitigate contract cheating are proposed.

Contribution: This study contributes to the literature by providing a theoretical framework to explain the relationship between online education and contract cheating in China. The study’s findings highlight the importance of the mode of online education implementation when addressing contract cheating.

Findings: This study finds that online education does exacerbate contract cheating in China, and the extent of this phenomenon varies depending on the mode of online education implementation. This study also identifies the lack of academic integrity education and supervision as a major factor contributing to contract cheating.

Recommendations for Practitioners: Reducing the costs of educational organizations in combating cheating through institutional arrangements, such as establishing effective channels of communication between teachers and schools and controlling teachers’ workload outside of their primary responsibilities, can help curb contract cheating.

Recommendation for Researchers: Both history and reality have demonstrated that possible solutions cannot rely solely on new technologies or single institutional arrangements. Contract cheating is essentially an unethical means of competing for scarce resources, and as long as resources remain scarce, this phenomenon will persist.

Impact on Society: As a social phenomenon, contract cheating cannot be completely eradicated through top-down policy enforcement.

Future Research: The stringent enforcement against contract cheating also involves the education regulatory and judicial departments, and their relationship is worthy of future research.
Editorial
Authors: Peterson Lesley
Published: August 2023

This is the editorial for vol. 5, issue no. 2 of the Journal of Juvenilia Studies.
EFFECT OF GROWTH REGULATORS AND PHOSPHORUS LEVELS ON) GROWTH AND YIELD OF SOYBEAN
Authors:   Department of Agronomy,RCA, Udaipur, L.D DASHORA , P.M JAIN ,   Department of Agronomy,RCA, Udaipur
Published: August 2023

Foliar spray of different growth regulators significantly influenced the plant growth and yield attributing characters. Highest yield response was obtained by triacontanol (13.51 q/ha) closely followed by kinetin (12.95 q/ha), as compared to control (12.02 q/ha). Significant increase in the uptake of N, P and K was observed due to application of growth regulators. Triacontanol significantly increased N. P and K uptake whereas Kinetin increased N and P uptake over control. LAI was significantly increased due to application of all the three growth regulators where the chlorophyll content was significantly increased only due to triacontanol.
POLLEN BIOLOGY IN JACK (ARTOCARPUS HETEROPHYLLUS LAM.)
Authors:   Kerala Agricultural University, JOSEPH TESSY , K KUMARAN ,   Kerala Agricultural University
Published: August 2023

Pollen studies in Jack conducted at the College of Horticulture, K.A.U. revealed that pollen production is abundant in jack and ranged from 1,50,00,000 to 1,70,00,000 per catkin. The percentages pollen fertility ranged from 89 to 93 and the pollen diameter ranged form 16 to 22u. Ten per cent sucrose and one per cent agar found to be the best germinating media for jack pollen. The storage longevity was very low under room temperature and the viability was lost completely within 24 hours. 'Varikka' and 'Koozha' types did not differ significantly with regard to pollen diameter, fertility and viability.
GENETICS OF QUANTITATIVE CHARACTERS ASSOCIATED WITH CAPSULES IN SESAMUM INDICUM L.
Authors:   School of Genectics, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003, I.E.S.K DEENAMANI , M STEPHEN DORAIRAJ ,   School of Genectics, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003
Published: August 2023

The gene effects for four quantitative characters were studied in ten crosses of sesame. The additive component was significant and present in sizable proportions for the characters studied. Dominance was higher in magnitude than additivity. Epistatic effects were negligible for first capsule bearing node while dominance x dominance effect was in higher magnitude for capsules per plant and additive x additive effect was predominant for capsule bearing nodes to total nodes per plant. For volume of the capsule, additive x additive and additive x dominance interactions were observed. To exploit all these genetic effects characters associated with capsules can be improved through the use of recurrent selection to ultimately improve seed yield in sesame.
INFLUENCE OF SEED TREATMENTS AND FERTILIZER LEVELS ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF RAINFED REDGRAM
Authors:   Centre for Soil and Crop Management Studies, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003, U SOLAIAPPAN , S SENTHIVEL ,   Centre for Soil and Crop Management Studies, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003, S PARAMASIVAM ,   Centre for Soil and Crop Management Studies, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003
Published: August 2023

A field experiment was conducted at the Agricultural college and Research Institute, Madurai during Kharif season of 1984 to study the influence of seed treatments with Rhizobium and superphosphate along with soil and foliar fertilization of N and P on redgram CV Co.4 under rainfed condition in sandy clay loam type of soil. The results revealed that basal application of 6.25 kg N and 12.5 kg P₂Os followed by foliar spray of three per cent diammonium phosphate recorded higher plant height number of branches, leaf area index, dry matter production and seed yield, where as the seed treatment with Rhizobium and super phosphate had influenced only on dry matter production and seed yield of redgram.
EFFECT OF SOIL STRUCTURAL INDICES AND DISPERSION COEFFICIENT ON SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY
Authors:   Dept.of Soil Science and Agrl,Chemistry ,Agrl. College and Res. Institute Madurai 625 104 Tamilnadu, P.P MAHENDRAN , K.K MATHAN ,   Dept.of Soil Science and Agrl,Chemistry ,Agrl. College and Res. Institute Madurai 625 104 Tamilnadu
Published: August 2023

Soils from two major subgroups viz, Typic Chromusterts and Typic haplustalf were evaluated for establishing the relationship between soil structural indices such as Percentage Aggregate Stability (AS). Structural Coefficient (SC). Mean Weight Diameter (MWD) and Dispersion Coefficient of Silt + Clay (DCSC) and clay alone (DCC) with saturated hydraulic conductivity. AS and SC were observed to influence Ks directly, MWD which is a measure of the stable pore geometry also directly influenced Ks. DCSC and DCC were significantly negatively correlated with Ks, perhaps influenced by ESP and SAR..
ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF PUBLIC DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM AND NOON MEAL SCHEME AND THEIR IMPACT ON RURAL AND URBAN HOUSEHOLD FOOD CONSUMPTION
Authors:   Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003 Tamilnadu, C KAILASAM , C SUYAMBULINGOM ,   Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003 TamilnaduTamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003 Tamilnadu, SEKAR CHELLAPPAN ,   Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003 TamilnaduTamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003 Tamilnadu
Published: August 2023

A study was conducted in western region of Tamil Nadu to analyse the effect of food subsidy on household food consumption. For the study 120 urban and 120 rural households were selected and post stratified as low income group, middle income group and high income group. The average value of consumption expenditure on food subsidy schemes public distribution system (PDS) and Noon Meal Scheme were analysed. The results show that the urban low income group enjoys a subsidy of Rs.319.18 per mooth as against Rs.41.12 by urban high income group. The subsidy value of food purchased through NMS in rural and urban low income group was Rs.330.99 and Rs.319.17, respectively. The rural low income group meet 43.33 per cent of their average cousumption from NMS and the urban low income group 38.45 per cent.
ASSOCIATION OF CHARACTERS AND PATH COEFFICIENT ANALYSIS IN UPLAND COTTON (G. hirsutum, L).
Authors:   Regional Agricultural Research Station, Lam, Guntur - 522 034 Andhra Pradesh., J.S.V SAMBAMOORTHY , N GOPINATH ,   Regional Agricultural Research Station, Lam, Guntur - 522 034 Andhra Pradesh., S MUKUNDAN ,   Regional Agricultural Research Station, Lam, Guntur - 522 034 Andhra Pradesh.
Published: August 2023

The present study consisted of 13 genotypes of G. hirsutum cottons. Wide range of variability for no.of bolls/plant, seed cotton yield/plant, mean fibre length, seed index, bundle strength, micronaire value and ginning out-turn was observed, offering ample scope for improvement in those characters. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance was manifested by seed index, indicating additive gene action. High heritability and moderate genetic advance estimates for mean fibre length, bundle strength and lint index suggests that variability is partly under non-additive gene control.
HETEROSIS FOR YIELD AND ITS COMPONENTS IN SHORT DURATION RICE (Oryza sativa L.) HYBRIDS
Authors:   School of Genectics, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003, C.V DHANAKODI , M SUBRAMANIAN ,   School of Genectics, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003
Published: August 2023

A study was taken up to assess the extent of heterosis for yield components in a 4 x 4 diallel. Substantial heterosis was noticed for all the characters studied except 100- grain weight. The hybrid Co 41 x IR 50 was identified to be superior by recording maximum heterosis for grain yield besides heterosis for four other characters namely, plant height, ear bearing tillers, ear length and grain number.
EFFECT OF DATES OF SOWING AND PROMISING WHEAT VARIETIES UNDER IRRIGATED CONDITIONS
Authors:   Department of Agronomy, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore 641003, R VENKITASWAMY , K.P RAMASAMI ,   Department of Agronomy, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore 641003, N BALASUBRAMANIAN ,   Department of Agronomy, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore 641003, K SIDDESWARAN ,   Department of Agronomy, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore 641003
Published: August 2023

For getting optimum yield in wheat, time of sowing is important. An experiment on promising wheat varieties was conducted on a clay loam soil for three years. The sowing of wheat during November 5th to 11th proved to be the optimum time for all the years. Among the varieties APAU 1577 and HD 4502 proved better than others under earlier sowing (October 22nd to 28th). Varieties DWR 39, APAU 1577, NI 8796 and NI 8841 gave more grain yield under normal sowing (November 5th to 11th). Under late sown conditions (December 3rd to 9th), varieties DWR 39, NI 8818 and HI 977 were beter than others
STUDIES ON CHLOROPHYLL, NODULATION, NITROGEN FIXATION, SOYBEAN YIELD AND THEIR CORRELATIONS AS INFLUENCED BY MICRONUTRIENTS
Authors:   Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth,Agril College Pune 411 005, D.B BHANAVASE , B.R JADHAV ,   Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth,Agril College Pune 411 005, C.R KSHIRSAGAR ,   Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth,Agril College Pune 411 005, P.L PATIL ,   Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth,Agril College Pune 411 005
Published: August 2023

A pot culture experiment results revealed that application of FeSo4; ZnSO4 treatments showed beneficial effects on chlorophyll content of soybean leaves, nodulation, dry weight of nodules/plant, grain and dry matter yield/plant as compared to control and treatments of CuSO4 and MnSO4 in both soybean varieties. Cholorophyll content, number of nodules/plant, fresh and dry weight of nodules/plant at 50% flowering as well as pod formation stage indicated positive correlation with seed and dry matter yield/plant. The characters showing positive association with yield/plant were also associated amongst themselves except nitrogen in nodules at pod formation stage.
ENERGY USE IN CROP PRODUCTION SYSTEM IN TWO DIFFERENT FARM SITUATIONS - A CASE STUDY
Authors:   Dept of Bioenergy, SEKAR CHELLAPPAN , C KAILASAM ,   Department of Mathematics, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003 Tamilnadu, S PARVATHI ,   Dept of Bioenergy, N.C VIJAYARAGAVAN ,   Dept of Bioenergy
Published: August 2023

A study was conducted in Ikkaraiboluvampatty village to get an accurate insight into the crop production system. A total number of 15 respondents practicing traditional farm technologies and 15 respondents practicing innovative farm technologies were selected and their energy use pattern assessed. Sorghum crop was considered as a representative crop. On an average the traditional farms utilised 8103.80 MJ/ha and the mechanised farms 10246.00 MJ/ha. The energy imput ratios for both traditional and mechanised farms were 13.23 and 23.78, respectivelly. Thus the energy use efficiency was higher in mechanised farms as compared to traditional farms. Eventhough the input energy was high in mechanised farms, their corresponding increase in output energy showed the relative performance of factor inputs
A HIGH YIELDING AND DOWNY MILDEW RESISTANT HYBRID MAIZE
Authors:   School of Genectics, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003, S PALANISAMY , P VEERABADHIRAN ,   School of Genectics, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003, A.R MUTHIAH ,   School of Genectics, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003
Published: August 2023

A downy mildew resistant, high yielding maize hybrid CoH2 has been released for general cultivation in Tamil Nadu. The hybrid has a duration of 95-100 days and 10-15 days earlier than Ganga.5 and Co.1. Under irrigated conditions, the hybrid yields 5472 kg of grain per hectare which is 41.9 and 66.6 per cent more yield than Ganga.5 and CoHI respectively. The plant height of the hybrid is 225-260 cm. The cobs are fully covered with husk. The grains are bold, yellow in colour and flinty in texture and are acceptable to consumers. The downy mildew incidence in CoH2 was lower (1.1 per cent) while it was 2.9 and 28.3 per cent in CoH1 and Ganga. 5 respectively
HETEROSIS IN FODDER TRAITS OF SORGHUM
Authors:   School of Genectics, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003, R SANKARAPANDIAN , N SUBBARAMAN ,   School of Genectics, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003, P AMIRTHA DEVARATHINAM ,   School of Genectics, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003
Published: August 2023

Forty two hybrid combinations and their parents were evaluated for heterosis in fodder yield and their component characters. Observations were recorded on six characters namely plant height, number of leaves, leaf-shoot ratio, total soluble solids, crude protein yield, and dry matter production. Significant heterosis was recorded by all hybrids over mid-parent for plant height. For dry matter production yield 3660 A x M 35-1 and 2077 A x M 35-1 exhibited maximum heterobel tiosis. The cross combination 3660 A x Co 23 expressed maximum heterobeltiosis for plant height. The hybrid combination such as 2077 A x FS.1, 2077 Ax M 35-1, 2077A x K7 3660 A x Co 25 and 2219 A x FS, are all worth for pursuing for their best per se performance for plant height crude protein yield, total soluble solids and dry matter production
COMBINING ABILITY STUDIES THROUGH L XT ANALYSIS FOR SEED CHARACTERS IN COTTON (G.hirsutum L.)
Authors:   School of Genectics, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003, P NAGARAJAN , M KADAMBAVANA SUNDARAM ,   School of Genectics, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003, S.R SREE RANGASAMY ,   School of Genectics, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003
Published: August 2023

The combining ability for seed characters in cotton was estimated in a 'line' X tester TJU analysis, involving seven lines of G.hirsutum (differing in grades of fuzz) and four varieties as testers. Both additive and non-additive gene action was observed for fuzz grade, single seed weight. single seed coat weight and single seed kernel weight. Crosses recording high sca effects (in the desired direction) involved parents with high x high or low x low gca effects. The parents (lines) TCH 89/7 (naked seed) is a good combiner for fuzz grade, single seed coat weight and single seed kernel weight; TCH 65/8 (sparsely fuzzed) for fuzz grade, single seed weight and single seed kernel weight, and TCH 96/6 for single seed coat weight. And among testers MCU 5 is a good combiner for single seed weight and single seed kernel weight; MCU 7 for single seed coat weight and LRA 5166 for fuzz grade.
GENETIC ANALYSIS OF YIELD COMPONENTS IN SHORT DURATION RICE (Oryza sativa L.) VARIETIES
Authors:   School of Genectics, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003, C.V DHANAKODI , M SUBRAMANIAN ,   School of Genectics, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003
Published: August 2023

The genetic analysis for yield and its components was attempted using 4x4 diallel. The diallel analysis showed the importance of both additive as well as non-additive gene action for all the traits studied. Except for ear bearing tillers, SCA variances were higher than GCA variances for all the traits suggesting the predominance of non-additive gene action. In the case of ear bearing tillers, the GCA variance was greater than SCA variance indicating more of additive gene action. Parents with high combining ability have been identified
ENERGY MANAGEMENT IN SORGHUM BASED CROPPING SYSTEMS WITH BIO-DIGESTED SLURRY AND AZOSPIRILLUM
Authors:   Department of Agronomy, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003, A BALASUBRAMANIAN , P MANICKASUNDARAM ,   Department of Agronomy, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003
Published: August 2023

The results of the experiment conducted during 1982-1983 revealed that in the cropping systems, the maximum amount of energy flow was through irrigation (55%) followed by fertilizer (28.5%). The high intensity cropping system viz., sorghum-sorghum ratoon-maize-sunflower with itercrops gave the highest energy input, output and energy efficiency than conventional system. Energy efficiency improved by incorporation of biodigested slurry and inoculation of Azospirillum, under moderate level of N. Irrespective of the cropping systems, application of biodigested slurry at 10 t/ha with 75% recommended N + Azospirillum to each crop needed less specific energy.
NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT IN GROUNDNUT-SORGHUM CROP ROTATION
Authors:   Agricultural Research Station,Aliyarnagar, V GEETHALAKSHMI , A CHRISTOPHER LOURDURAJ ,   Agricultural Research Station,Aliyarnagar, T.S RAVEENDRAN ,   Agricultural Research Station,Aliyarnagar, A JOHN JOEL ,   Agricultural Research Station,Aliyarnagar, K RAJAMANICKAM ,   Agricultural Research Station,Aliyarnagar
Published: August 2023

A field experiment was conducted at Aliyarnagar involving groundnut-sorghum crop rotation to study the effect of nutrients applied to groundnut on the succeeding sorghum crop. The results revealed that application of 45 kg/ha phosphorus along with the recommended doses of other nutrients to groundnut, minimised the fertiliser requirement of sorghum to the tune of 1/3rd of the recommended dose
CRITICAL LEVEL OF ZINC IN SEMIARID SOILS OF COIMBATORE DISTRICT AND MAIZE PLANT
Authors:   Dept.of Soil Science and Agrl,Chemistry  Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003, R DEVARAJAN , PERUMAL RANI ,   Dept.of Soil Science and Agrl,Chemistry  Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003
Published: August 2023

A greenhouse experiment results showed that Zn fertilisation at 5 ppm Zn was found to be effective in increasing the total dry matter production of maize crop. Evaluation of soil tests for available Zn with six extractants showed that 1.00 ppm of DTPA extractable Zn can be used as a critical level for Zn in soils for delineating the soils of Coimbatore district. The DTPA method has significant correlation not only with Bray's per cent yield but also with actual yield, Zn content in leavs, and Zn content in leaf sheath and stem. Diagnostic criteria for Zn in plant revealed that 21 ppm Zn can be used as critical level for Zn in leaf of seven weeks old well established maize plant
INFLUENCE OF COWPEA SEED PROTECTANTS ON THE SEEDLINGS VIGOUR
Authors:   Centre For Plant Prodection Studies, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003 Tamilnadu, S RAMADOSS , K SIVAPRAKASAM ,   Centre For Plant Prodection Studies, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003 Tamilnadu
Published: August 2023

Quitozene at 2g, carbosulfan at 4ml and TMTD at 2g+ carbosulfan at 4 ml per kg of seed produced larger roots while quintozene and carbendazim and carbosulfan treatments produced longer shoots. Carbendazim, quintozene and TMTD treatments at 2g per kg of seed recorded larger quantities of dry matter of seedling. Quintozene carbosulfan and carbendazim seed treatments were superior as seed dressing agents in enhancing the vigour index
RESPONSE OF SORGHUM-WHEAT ROTATION TO DIFFERENT SOURCES OF ZINC IN VERTISOL
Authors:   Marathwada Agricultuarl University Parbhani 431 402, J.S DASALKAR , G.B RUDRAKSHA ,   Marathwada Agricultuarl University Parbhani 431 402, B.T LAWAND ,   Marathwada Agricultuarl University Parbhani 431 402, S.N RACHEWAD ,   Marathwada Agricultuarl University Parbhani 431 402
Published: August 2023

A field experiment was conducted to study the efficiency of different sources of zinc in sorghum-wheat crop rotation on calcareous vertisol of Parbhani. Zinc application 4kg Zn/ha through zincated superphosphate proved its superiority over other zine sources in producing grain and fodder yield of sorghum. Among the zine snurces, the residual effect of zincated superphosphate was significantly higher in producing grain and straw yield of wheat followed by farm yard manure and zinc sulphate. Zinc application @ 4kg Za/ha through different Zinc sources significantly increased uptake of Zn.N and P by wheat crop. Highest uptake of nutrients was recorded with zincated superphosphate in both the crop.
INFLUENCE OF IRRIGATION SCHEDULING, METHODS OF IRRIGATION AND NITROGEN LEVELS ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF MAIZE
Authors:   Water Technology Centre,Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003, R SELVARAJU , M.R IRUTHAYARAJ ,   Water Technology Centre,Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003
Published: August 2023

Investigations were carried out in a split plot design replicated thrice with two levels of imrigation (0.50 IW/CPE ratio and 0.75 IW/CPE ratio), three methods of irrigation (all furrow method. alternate furrow method and paired skip furrow method) and three levels of nitrogen (75, 125 and 175 kg N ha-1. The growth characters like plant height and the yield attributes like cob length, cob width, number of grains cob and hundred grain weight were significantly increased with increase in IW/CPE ratio from 0.50 to 0.75 and with each successive increment of nitrogen. All furrow method of irrigation recorded highest growth and yield characters compared to alternate and paired skip furrow method of irrigation. Significantly highest grain and stover yields were recorded under 0.75 IW/CPE ratio with all furrow method or irrigation and at application of 175 kg N ha-1.