bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Neutronic design of a PWR fuel assembly with accident tolerant-composite for the long-life core
Authors: Hoang Van Khanh , Tran Viet Phu , Nguyen Thi Dung
Published: May 2022

For the future of nuclear power, the design and development of an economical, accident tolerant fuel (ATF) for use in the current pressurized water reactors (PWRs) are highly desirable and essential. It is reported that the composite fuels are advantageous over the conventional UO2 fuel due to their higher thermal conductivities and higher uranium densities. Due to higher uranium densities of the composite fuels, the use of composite fuels would lead to the significant increase of discharged burnup, thereby enhancing fuel cycle economy compared to that of the UO2 fuel. The higher thermal conductivities of composite fuels will increase the fuel safety margins. For implementation of the accident tolerant fuel concept, this study also investigates on the replacement of the conventional Zircaloy-4 cladding with SiC to minimize the hydrogen production due to interaction of water with cladding at high temperatures. In the present work, neutronic investigation of the composite fuels for a PWR has been conducted in comparison with that of the conventional UO2 fuel. Numerical calculations have been performed based on a lattice model using the SRAC2006 system code and JENDL-4.0 data library. Various parameters have been surveyed for designing a fuel with the UO2 and composite fuels such as U-235 enrichment, fuel pin pitch. In order to reduce the excess reactivity, Erbium was selected as a burnable poison due to its good depletion performance. The temperature coefficients including fuel, coolant temperature reactivity coefficients, and both the small and large void reactivity coefficients are also investigated. It was found that it is possible to achieve sufficient criticality up to 100 GWd/t burnups without compromising the safety parameters including that four reactivity coefficients are considered those associated with the fuel temperature, coolant temperature, small (5%) void and large (90%) void. Further analysis of the performance of the UO2 and composite fuels in a full core model of a PWR is being conducted.
Factores relacionados con la deserción estudiantil en la Facultad de Odontología , UNAN-Léon, Departamento de Cirugía Oral,en el período lectivo 2016
Authors: Arguello Arguello Luis , Centeno Martínez Scarlette
Published: May 2022

La deserción estudiantil se define como la inasistencia injustificada (mayor al 20%) de al menos un componente curricular y/o que no presente evaluaciones parciales. De 818 inscritos para el año 2016 en los diferentes componentes curriculares impartidos en el del Departamento de Cirugía Oral, Facultad de Odontología, existe al menos un 10.6% de desertores en total. En este artículo se analizan los factores relacionados con el fenómeno de la deserción, con el propósito de lograr la mejora permanente en la calidad de los procesos académicos. Los datos fueron recogidos a través de una encuesta tipo cuestionario a 43 estudiantes, diseñado y validado para fines de estudio, (coeficiente de consistencia α: 0.68). Los factores más influyentes fueron los problemas de salud personal, problemas económicos, las condiciones de vida y la falta de pacientes. Esperando que con los datos obtenidos puedan crearse medidas y proyectos para disminuir así el número de desertores.
¿Autonomía Docente en la era de las competencias?
Authors: Guevara Altamirano Carlos
Published: May 2022

A partir de la década del 70 del siglo pasado, las constantes crisis económicas y sociales provocaron a nivel mundial mayores exigencias hacia los sistemas educativos, responsabilizándolos directa o indirectamente de buscar soluciones a los desafíos contemporáneos. Es entonces que se producen reformas e innovaciones educativas, incluyendo la importación desde el sector empresarial del modelo educativo basado en competencias, el cual se extendió sobre todo en Europa, pero también en muchos países latinoamericanos. En Nicaragua el modelo educativo por competencias aún no se generaliza a todas las instituciones de educación superior, y en aquellas instituciones que sí se adoptó, se ha aplicado siguiendo la tendencia regional de adolecer de consenso, de discusión crítica, de adecuación y contextualización, lo cual genera situaciones de escaso compromiso de los actores involucrados, quienes no perciben que se les haya tomado en cuenta en ninguna de las etapas para la adopción del modelo, por lo que sienten vulneradas sus libertades.
Determinación de la influencia de variables de proceso en la disolución de microcápsulas gastrorresistentes de diclofenac elaboradas por gelificación iónica mediante el uso de diseño factorial 2K
Authors: Mesa Aguirre Eveling , Calero José
Published: May 2022

Se evaluó la influencia de factores de proceso en la disolución de microcápsulas gastrorresistentes de diclofenac como son: concentración del polímero, la altura del goteo y el tiempo de lavado. Para el estudio se utilizó un diseño de factorial de experimentos 2k, 3 factores a 2 niveles diferentes.
Pharmacological studies of Carica papaya leaves extract
Authors: Snehal Singh  , Ramesh Chandra Agrawal
Published: May 2022

The present study was undertaken to explore the phytochemical screening, antioxidant and anti-bacterial activities of the hydro-methanolic leaves extract of Carica papaya using standard screening methods such as disc diffusion, DPPH methods. In phytochemical screening, Carica papaya leaf extract showed presence of secondary metabolites such as Carbohydrate, phenols, saponins, and tanins. It also showed dose dependent antibacterial and antioxidant activities.
Antibacterial activities of 13 medicinal plants used against infectious and parasitic diseases in Kinshasa and its surroundings, D.R. Congo
Authors: Marie Fundiko Cakupewa  , Florent Biduaya Mukeba  , Aristarque Bulambo Mulonda  , Jean de Dieu Mangambu Mokoso  , Assumani Zabo Idrissa
Published: May 2022

The present research aims to test the antibacterial activities of a sample of 13 plant species used in traditional medicine against infectious and parasitic diseases in Kinshasa and its surroundings. Ten herbal drugs were tested in the laboratory on Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi, and Staphylococcus aureus. With the exception of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, three of the four bacterial strains tested are sensitive to the herbal recipes in this study: Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, and Staphylococcus aureus. These results give credibility to the traditional knowledge of local ethnic groups for the antibacterial properties of traditional prescriptions used in traditional medicine.
Colección Resumen de las Actas de la Comisión de Monumentos y Patrimonio Histórico. Número 2, sesión 7 febrero de 2022.
Authors: Comisión de Monumentos y Patrimonio Histórico
Published: May 2022

Sesión 7 febrero de 2022.
Relación de los asuntos tratados:
1. Aprobación formal del acta núm. 1 de 10 de enero de 2020, de cuyos acuerdos se dio cuenta en la sesión plenaria del 18 de enero, p. 3.2. Solicitud de la Comunidad de Madrid de un representante de la Academia en el Consejo Regional de Patrimonio Histórico de la Comunidad de Madrid, p. 3.3. Composición de la CMPH. Necesidad de un representante de la Sección de Nuevas Artes de la Imagen en esta Comisión, p. 3.4. Casa de Vicente Aleixandre. Notificación acuerdo de ampliación del plazo de trámite de audiencia, en 15 días naturales, en el procedimiento de Declaración de Bien de Interés Patrimonial de la Casa de Vicente Aleixandre, p. 3.5. Declaraciones “no deseadas”: Casa Carvajal, en Pozuelo de Alarcón; Casa de Vicente Aleixandre, en Madrid, y la Farola del Puerto de Málaga, pp. 3-4.6. Documentación relativa a la Casa Montano, facilitada por el Ayuntamiento de Madrid, pp. 4-6.7. Presupuesto de la CMPH para el ejercicio 2022 y justificación del ejercicio 2021, p. 6.8. Publicación online de las actas e informes de la CMPH (ISSN y DOI), pp. 6-7.9. San Antonio de la Florida. Convocatoria para el próximo día 16, en Patrimonio Nacional, p. 7.10. Ruegos y preguntas, p. 7.
GANGGUAN KEPRIBADIAN NARSISTIK TOKOH UTAMA NOVEL LADY SUSAN KARYA JANE AUSTEN
Authors: Saragih Evi Irawanti
Published: May 2022

Lady Susan is a novel by Jane Austen which published very first time in 1871 with an epistolary style of writing. This novel tells the story about Susan Vernon, the main character who has just lost her husband forever. Although Susan Vernon became a single parent, but her beauty and charm cannot be doubted. She is used to living a luxurious life and full of wealth. This causes her self-confidence high and then do everything to survive include married her daughter Frederica to the man of her choice and then looking for a rich man for herself. This study seeks to explain how the confidence of Susan Vernon leads to narcissistic personality disorder. The data source is novel Lady Susan which will be explain based on personality theory by Sigmund Freud. The results of the discussion showed that Lady Susan has a narcissistic personality disorder caused when her parents and environment spoiled her too much. The urge to fulfill desires in any way carried over into adulthood. This disorder not only affects those closest to patient but also has a bad impact on the sufferer because it demands to be perfect in order to get praise and respect. Patients will get a negative response because their desires tend to be unreasonable. When experience a failure, they lost a confidence and finally being embarrassed to appear in front of public.
NALURI KEHIDUPAN DAN NALURI KEMATIAN DALAM FILM NEVER LET ME GO KARYA KAZUO ISHIGURO
Authors: Ihsanullah Abi , Badri Badri , Zamani Muhammad Fathan
Published: May 2022

All living things have instincts. Every living thing has the instinct to survive and the instinct to die. The objectives of the research are to analyze the film entitled Never Let Me Go by Kazuo Ishiguro using Sigmund Freud's Psychoanalysis theory and the stages of grief’s theory using Kubler Ross’s perspective. The researcher will focus on the actions taken by Kath, Ruth, and Tommy by explaining the life instincts and death instincts according to Sigmund Freud’s theory and the stages of grief experienced by Tommy using Kubler Ross's theory. This research uses a material object in the form of the film entitled Never Let Me Go by Kazuo Ishiguro and a formal object in the form of the theory of life and death instinct according to Sigmund Freud’s perspective and stage of grief according to Kubler Ross’s perspective. This research applies the qualitative descriptive method. The findings are as follows: life instinct is carried out by Kathy and death instincts are carried out by Ruth and Tommy. In addition, the stages of grief experienced by Tommy are as follows: (1) denial, (2) anger, (3) bargaining, (4) depression, and (5) acceptance.
TRANSITIVITY ANALYSIS ON INDONESIAN SLOGANS OF COVID 19 IN INSTAGRAM
Authors: Anindita Widyashanti Kunthara , Widiyantari Yunita , Hayati Rizka
Published: May 2022

This paper has the following purposes: (1) to examine the sum of phrases, clauses and complex sentences used in Indonesian slogans related to corona virus in Indonesia in five instagram accounts, 2) to recognize the words often used in Indonesian slogans related to corona virus in Indonesia in five instagram accounts, 3) to elaborate the idea of those slogans presented by using ideational metafunction. The data were accumulated by gathering 40 slogans from five instagram accounts. The results of the study were as follows: 1) the most often used keywords were covid, korona, dengan, yang, successively 2) the most often used constituents of the ideational metafunctional were participant, and followed by processes and circumstances successively and 3) the most often used sub-component of participant was goal, the most often used sub-component of process was material creative and the most often used sub-component of circumstance is manner means.
O trabalho feminino precarizado - um estudo no Brasil e em Portugal
Authors: Burgos Ana Lúcia Alencar
Published: May 2022

A categoria gênero contribui para desnaturalizar e historizar as desigualdades entre homens e mulheres, de modo histórico e relacional, para que não se incorra no erro de deixar de identificar os diferentes poderes detidos e sofridos por homens e mulheres (SAFIOTTI, 1992). O conceito de gênero foi, segundo Scott (1990, p.5), criado para opor-se a um determinismo biológico nas relações entre os sexos, dando-lhes um caráter fundamentalmente social. Desse modo, o conceito de gênero ao enfatizar as relações sociais entre os sexos, permite a apreensão de desigualdades entre homens e mulheres, que envolvem um de seus componentes centrais, as desigualdades de poder. Nas sociedades ocidentais, marcadas também por outros ‘sistemas de desigualdade, como apontado pela abordagem pós-estruturalista, é possível constatar, no entanto, que o padrão dominante nas identidades de gênero de adultos envolve uma situação de subordinação e de dominação das mulheres, tanto na esfera pública como na privada (CARVALHO, 1998). Abordaremos dois estudos de caso sobre o trabalho feminino precarizado no Brasil. O primeiro estudo foi realizado no Condomínio Urupiara, localizado em Alagoinhas/Bahia/’Brasil. Os dados retratam que a maioria da população é formada por mulheres jovens com baixa escolaridade e com uma renda de 1 S.M. Nesta área não se encontra os serviços públicos necessários para os moradores, com exceção dos equipamentos de lazer (parques e praças) e equipamento esportivo. O segundo estudo de caso no Brasil foi realizado no Condomínio Volterra, localizado na cidade de Duque de Caxias, baixada fluminense, do estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Os dados retratam também que a maioria da população é formada por mulheres jovens, com renda de até 2 S.M e baixa escolaridade. Concluímos com o estudo que o Trabalho Precarizado é em sua maioria de natureza feminina, que resulta na pauperização feminina no mundo contemporâneo, e está presente na maioria das cidades brasileiras  e também em Portugal, em virtude de um processo histórico cultural, onde ainda existe menos oportunidades de trabalho e menor renda para as mulheres, principalmente para as mulheres pobres e negras. Esta precarização ocorre ainda devido se associar o trabalho doméstico ao das mulheres.
Analysis of the mass and deformation variation rates over time and their influence on long-term durability for specimens of porous material
Authors:   Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Polytechnic University of Milan, Garavaglia Elsa , Tedeschi Cristina ,   Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Polytechnic University of Milan
Published: May 2022

In an environment subjected to continuous climatic evolution, the study of the long-term behavior of building materials subject to environmental aggressions becomes an extremely important factor in evaluating the sustainability of these materials over time. The damage due to the aggression of external agents does not only affect the surface of the building but can cause a loss of performance in the mechanical qualities of the material with the worsening of the safety conditions of the entire structure. The velocity of the damage evolution is an interesting item. Here the variation velocity of some parameters characterizing the porous materials subjected to aggressive actions is dealt with. Starting from standard material characterization tests, extending the test times, the rate of variation of the mass and the deformation induced by the absorption of saline solutions in the porous medium and the variation of these speeds over time were evaluated. Hypotheses are formulated on the influence that this speed on the degradation of the material in the short and long time. The results obtained show how long-term aggressive action can cause internal damage with a consequent critical increase in absorption, mass and deformation, phenomena that can induce even severe damage to structural elements.
Evaluación de la estabilidad en muros utilizando modelos numéricos
Authors: Briceño Balza Johannes Enrique , Matos Barrios Yaligne del Carmen , Belandria-Rodríguez Norly , León Oviedo Francisco
Published: May 2022

El desarrollo de las herramientas computacionales ha despertado el interés por el manejo de programas de modelación con aplicación en la geotecnia, que utilizan los métodos numéricos como el método de elementos ﬁnitos para el análisis. El objetivo de esta investigación es evaluar la estabilidad externa de un muro de contención simulado, a través de métodos numéricos basados en el análisis de elementos ﬁnitos, utilizando el software Plaxis V8.2. Para ello se evaluaron dos tipos de muros (ciclópeo y en voladizo, con y sin análisis sísmico), con dos diferentes alturas y considerando en algunos casos la cohesión del suelo de relleno y el empuje pasivo aportado por el suelo delante del muro. Se determinó el factor de seguridad al deslizamiento, al volcamiento y el desplazamiento total del muro; con la ﬁnalidad de establecer algunas recomendaciones para los modelos de muros planteados, al analizar la estabilidad externa.
Evaluación de la sostenibilidad percibida en la ciudad Tunja (Colombia) como destino turístico
Authors: Munévar Castellanos Lizeth Alejandra , Ubaque Camacho Pedro
Published: May 2022

En este artículo se aborda la problemática asociada con la evaluación de la satisfacción delos turistas, teniendo en cuenta elementos asociados con la sostenibilidad como destino turístico, para proyectar su certificación en sostenibilidad turística bajo la norma técnica sectorial colombiana NTS-TS 001-1. En ese sentido, se presentan resultados de la medición de la sostenibilidad percibida en la ciudad de Tunja como destino turístico, abordada a partir de 3 dimensiones: económica, sociocultural y ambiental, las cuales se miden para determinar cuáles tienen influencia para los turistas. Los resultados fueron obtenidos por medio de un instrumento de medición basado en sostenibilidad percibida. La investigación tiene como base un estudio exploratorio, descriptivo y correlacional compuesto por tres etapas, la identificación y definición de las dimensiones que conforman el constructo de sostenibilidad percibida, aplicación del instrumento de medición a turistas de la ciudad de Tunja y análisis factorial exploratorio para comprenderla estructura dimensional del constructo bajo estudio. Al final de esta investigación, se identifica cuál es la percepción de sostenibilidad de los turistas para la mejora en buenas prácticas sostenibles en el destino turístico seleccionado.
Evidência Científica e o Atendimento Pré-Hospitalar Móvel: Análise bibliométrica da produção acadêmica brasileira.
Authors: Matias da Silva Ingrid , De Souza Thiago Queiroz , Rolim Vinhote Teixeira Ivany , Torrente Gisele
Published: May 2022

Objetivo: Delinear um panorama sobre a produção científica no Brasil de pós-graduação na modalidade stricto sensu sobre o atendimento pré-hospitalar móvel.
Método: Trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliométrica, onde elencaram-se publicações da modalidade stricto sensu, disponíveis no catálogo de teses e dissertações da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoa de nível Superior (CAPES) utilizando os termos “atendimento pré-hospitalar móvel” AND “enfermagem” no recorte de 2013 a 2017, agrupando-os conforme o nível de evidência produzido com referência ao Instituto Joanna Briggs.
Resultados: Foram selecionados 23 estudos entre teses e dissertações, com maior expoente no ano de 2014, sendo a região Sul mais ativa na temática e a área de enfermagem em destaque nos cursos de mestrado. O nível de evidência produzido segundo o tipo de estudo demostra em 47,8% ao nível IV.
Conclusão: A Enfermagem oferece espaço para abordagem no assunto e os pesquisadores tem preferência por estudos transversais. Essas informações podem auxiliar a tomada de decisão dos pesquisadores na abordagem metodológica para novos estudos e possibilitam uma reflexão sobre a qualidade das evidências científicas.
Should Corporation Care about Negative Brand Publicity? Understanding the Impact of Negative Brand Publicity on Employees' Corporate Brand Pride
Authors: Abed Fabian , Büttgen Marion
Published: May 2022

This article examines the effects of perceived negative brand publicity on employee emotions, attitudes and brand supporting behaviors. Drawing on Affective-Events-Theory (AET), it attempts to identify underlying affective and cognitive processes leading to behavioral change. Using data gathered from a large-scale survey of employees in Germany, our results show that perceived negative brand publicity affects emotional and attitudinal corporate brand pride of employees. In addition, higher levels of perceived negative brand publicity were negatively associated with brand-supporting behavior, such as employee referrals and word- of-mouth (WOM). We show that corporate brand experience through internal communications can be an effective tool in mitigating harmful effects of perceived negative brand publicity.
Herbage dynamics under Acacia mollissima plantations in sub-tropical grasslands of north-west Himalaya
Authors: Gupta B. , Chib Bandana
Published: May 2022

The study was conducted in three densities (D1 = 1200, D2 = 2800 and D3 = 3600 trees/ha) of A. mollissima plantations in university area at Solan. Effect of trees on herbage growth and production was studied during the growing season. The growth parameters viz., density, basal area and aboveground production of herbage increased from June, attained the peak values by August/September and declined thereafter till October and different species showed varying contribution to the community during different months. In general, the values of the growth parameters were maximum in control (grassland) followed by D1, D2 and D3. Peak density of herbage decreased by 18-35%, peak basal area decreased by 13-50% and peak aboveground biomass declined by 7-44% of the control (grassland) under different densities of A. mollissima trees.
Inventarisasi Potensi dan Persepsi Wisatawan terhadap Daya Tarik Wisata Kawasan Hutan Mangrove Bandar Bakau Kota Dumai
Authors: Yuliani Fenny Dwi , Syaiful Sefrona
Published: May 2022

Penelitian ini dilakukan di kawasan Hutan Mangrove Bandar Bakau, Jalan Nelayan Laut Ujung, Kelurahan Pangkalan Sesai, Kecamatan Dumai Barat, Kota Dumai, Provinsi Riau. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui potensi dan persepsi wisatawan terhadap objek wisata Kawasan Hutan Mangrove Bandar Bakau Kota Dumai. Metode yang digunakan oleh penulis adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data dengan cara penyebaran kuesioner, interview, dan observasi dengan responden 100 orang wisatawan Bandar bakau, 1 orang Kepala Bidang Pariwisata di Dinas Kepemudaan, Olahraga dan Pariwisata,  dan 2 orang pengelola objek wisata Bandar Bakau Kota Dumai. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian penulis dapat mengambil kesimpulan bahwa objek wisata Bandar bakau merupakan objek wisata edukasi, dan  Bandar bakau memiliki potensi alam, yaitu 14 jenis bakau sejati, dan 7 jenis satwa, kemudian terdapat fasilitas-fasilitas primer dan sekunder yang memadai, serta aksesibilitas menuju objek wisata sudah memadai. Persepsi wisatawan terhadap daya tarik objek wisata di Bandar bakau sangat baik terkait pemandangan alam , aksesibilitas, fasilitas dan atraksi wisatanya.
Effect of inter- and intra-seasonal variations in meteorological parameters on wheat yields in Punjab
Authors: PRABHJYOT-KAUR  , S. S. HUNDAL
Published: May 2022

A study was conducted to evaluate the effect of variations in meteorological parameters on wheat (Triticum aestivum L. emend. Flori & Paol) yields during 1970-2005 and also as simulated with CERES-wheat model. The technology trend model of historical wheat yields in Punjab indicated that over the past 2 to 3 decades, at Ballowal Saunkhri, Amritsar, Ludhiana, Patiala and Bathinda the wheat yields have increased @ 64.2, 76.3, 62.8, 87.3 and 71.1 kg/ ha/year respectively. An analysis of historical meteorological data and past wheat yields revealed that for January, February and March the most favourable maximum temperatures for wheat yields were in the range of 16.1-18.0 oC, <21.0 oC and 28.1-30.0 oC respectively while minimum temperatures were in the range of 3.1-5.0 oC, 5.1-7.0 oC and 11.1- 13.0 oC respectively. The simulation study using CERES-wheat model revealed that the temperature increase mostly affected the early (October) sown crop during fourth week of January up to first fortnight of March; the timely (November) sown crop during February and March; the late (fourth week of November) sown crop during March; and very late(December) sown crop during March and first week of April. An analysis of historical wheat yields and weekly meteorological parameters at Ludhiana revealed that during the high yield (>5 000 kg/ha) crop years, the maximum and minimum temperatures remained near normal (+ 2oC); the rainfall was also normal or slightly above/below normal under assured irrigated conditions. From mid-February to March, dry and clear weather proves beneficial for grain filling in wheat. On the other hand, during low yield (<4 600 kg/ha) crop years, although the temperatures were favourable but very heavy rainfall showers were received during the anthesis and grain-filling period of wheat crop. The weather also remained cloudy and sunshine hours were invariably below or near normal while the relative humidity remained above (3-10 %) or near normal during most part of the crop season. Hence, these conditions were ascertained to be the most pertinent reason for relatively low-wheat yields.
Assessing the climate based productivity potential of soybean in Madhya Pradesh
Authors: K. K. AGRAWAL  , A. P. UPADHYAY  , SANJAY JAIN  , U.P.S. BHADAURIA
Published: May 2022

Present study was undertaken to study the effect of rainfall on soybean productivity in three districts of Madhya Pradesh. The secondary data were collected related to area, production and productivity of soybean. The present study revealed that Jabalpur and Indore showed increasing trend in productivity until mid nineties and there after it started declining whereas at Chhindwara declining trend in productivity of soybean. But normalized yield at Chhindwara showed no change. However, a plot of normalized yield with normalized rainfall of these districts shows that there was an increased in yield with increased rainfall at Indore and Chhindwara, but yield declined with increased rainfall at Jabalpur.
Radiant energy distribution in guava (Psidium guajava L.) plants at different spacings
Authors: J. S. BRAR  , J. S. BAL  , SOM PAL SINGH
Published: May 2022

The study on radiant energy distribution in guava was carried out to optimize the planting density with respect to solar radiation interception by the plants to get higher yield of good quality fruits per unit area. The present investigations reveals that with increase in plant spacing from 6x2m to 6x4m the interception of radiation increased significantly during both rainy and winter crop seasons. However, it starts declining with further increase in plant spacing to 6x5m level. The interception of radiation remains somewhat static during the summer and rainy season months (May-September) and then starts decreasing with the advent of winter season upto April with sharp decline during the month of December to February. In the upper 1/3rd portion of plant canopy, more than 75% radiations were intercepted irrespective of plant spacing followed by 12-16% in middle and 6-9% in the lower 1/3rd parts of plant canopies. The plant spacing of 6x2m and 6x3m was found to be not encouraging owing to lower distribution of radiations particularly in middle and lower parts of plants. The plant spacing of 6x4m was found to be best due tomaximum absorption of solar radiation for higher fruiting of better quality fruits.
Estimation of cotton yield based on weather parameters of Junagadh district in Gujarat state
Authors: N. J. RANKJA  , S. M. UPADHYAY  , S. L. VARMORA  , B. A. PARMAR  , D. D. SAHU
Published: May 2022

The study was carried out to find the quantitative relationship between weather parameters and district level yield of cotton. For this purpose 32 years weather and crop yield records of Junagadh district (India) were collected. A twenty six week crop period model was recommended for pre harvest forecast due to higher R2 value and lower simulated forecast deviation. The time trend, maximum temperature, morning and evening relative humidity significantly affected crop yield.
Effect of weather parameters on population dynamics of green leaf hopper and white backed plant hopper in paddy grown in middle Gujarat region
Authors: M. SHAMIM  , A. M. SHEKH  , V. J. PATEL  , J. F. DODIA  , D. M.  KORAT  , A. M. MEHTA
Published: May 2022

Nephotettix virescens Distant and Sogatella furcifera (Horv) commonly known as Green leaf hopper (GLH) and White backed plant hopper (WBPH) respectively. These are the serious pests of kharif paddy all over the world causing extensive losses. The population dynamics of Green leaf hopper and white backed plant hopper for ten consecutive years (1994 to 2004) except for 1997 were correlated with the weather parameters like maximum and minimum temperature, rainfall, relative humidity and bright sunshine hours. The results revealed that the bright sunshine hours had a positive significant correlation (r=0.166) with the population dynamics of GLH. The correlation between WBPH peak population and bright sunshine hours also showed positive significantcorrelation (r=0.269), while maximum temperature, minimum temperature, rainfall and relative humidity showed non-significant effect on population build up of both GLH and WBPH. Green leaf hopper attained peak population during 43rdstandard meteorological week; whereas white backed plant hopper reached peak population during 39th standard meteorological week and decreased considerably thereafter.
Population dynamics of different pests on Bt-cotton vis –a –vis meteorological parameters in Punjab
Authors: A. K. DHAWAN  , ANAND ANEJA  , JASBIR SINGH  , SARIKA SAINI
Published: May 2022

The incidence of Jassid, whitefly and tobacco caterpillar was recorded from the South-Western districts of Punjab i.e. Muktsar, Faridkot and Ferozepur during cotton season in 2007. Correlation coefficients were calculated between number of whitefly, jassid, tobacco caterpillar and meteorological parameters. The incidence of jassid and tobacco caterpillar was low as compared to whitefly in all the districts. All the meteorological factors contribute in determining the incidence of different pests, but rainfall has definitely negative impact on the jassid and whitefly population.
Rainfall based crop planning in the Barak Valley zone of Assam
Authors: P. AHMED  , R. L. DEKA  , B. P. BARUAH  , K. K. NATH
Published: May 2022

Daily rainfall data for 47 years (1960-2006) of Karimganj, Assam were analysed. The overall mean annual rainfall was 4073.5 mm, which was distributed as 2613.6 mm, 1134.8 mm and 330.3 mm in kharif (June to September), summer (March to May) and rabi (October to February) seasons, respectively. The probability of 60 and 100 mm rainfall per week exceeds 70 per cent values between 18th to 37th and 22nd to 30th week, respectively. In flood free upland and medium land areas transplanting of ahu rice is suggested to complete within first week of April and the second crop of rice (sali) could be transplanted from 31st week onwards. In upland area, sowing of toria/potato/vegetables may be started from 43rd week onwards. In areas where the second crop of rice is not possible due to flood, the ahu rice should be followed by potato/toria/pulses/vegetables etc from 43rd week onwards.
Studies on diurnal air temperature pattern from daily maximum and minimum by estimating the parameters of sinusoidal and exponential models on weekly basis under semi arid climate of Hyderabad
Authors: N. N. SRIVASTAVA  , V.U.M.  , U. S. SAIKIA  , P. VIJAYA KUMAR  , A.V.M. SUBBA RAO
Published: May 2022

The sinusoidal and exponential models for day time and night time temperature pattern have been fitted to weekly mean hourly air temperature data recorded at Hayathnagar Research Farm of CRIDA, Hyderabad during 1995-2007 using an automatic weather station. The lag coefficient ‘a’ of the sinusoidal model ranged between 1.150 – 4.372 and night time temperature coefficient ‘b’ of exponential model ranged between 2.175 – 4.334 during 1st - 52nd standard meteorological weeks. Coefficient of determination (R2) values were between 0.892 – 0.995 for the sinusoidal and between 0.931 – 0.988 for the exponential model. Goodness of fit was tested by Student’s ‘t’ statistics as well by the graphical plots of observed vs. estimated mean weekly diurnal temperatures during 2008.
Crop adaptation and modeling for prediction of essential oil production and quality of a geraniol rich strain of Cymbopogon commutatus (Steud.) Stapf [RL(J) CC1] using energy indices
Authors: A. K. SHAHI  , SUSHMA KOUL
Published: May 2022

Occurrence of gerniol and geranyl acetate as major chemical constituents were reported in the essential oil of Cymbopogon commutauts (Steud.) Stapf. A selectant having H”80% total geraniol and coded as RRL (J) CC1 has been studied by way of quantifying growth response coefficient values of morpho-economic character, which was 1.0 signifying its good adaptability under subtropical environment. Leaf adaptation has been quantified as phyllochron which exhibited 519.6 and 775.6 degree-days for production of single mature leaf during first and second harvests, respectively. Floral adaptation was quantified as photoperiod response coefficient b=412 (degreedays/ day-length). Based on two years pooled observation (2001-2002), regional crop models have been developed for prediction of essential oil production and its quality as total geraniol content (%) by using most-efficient energy indices viz., phenothermal index and thermo/photo ratio.
Rainfall and temperature trends at three representative agroecological zones of Bihar
Authors: A. ABDUL HARIS  , V. CHHABRA  , S. B
Published: May 2022

Rainfall and temperature trends were investigated at four stations representing three agroecological zones of Bihar using 45 years data except for Sabour (34 years) and Madhepura (43 years). Monthly, seasonal and annual precipitations as well as temperature (Tmax and Tmin) were analyzed for climate variability and possible trends using nonparametric Mann-Kendal statistic test. The results showed an increasing trend in rainfall and minimum temperature, on the contrary a decreasing trend for maximum temperature in the study area.
Effects of dates of sowing on phenology, thermal and radiation regimes, and yield of wheat*
Authors: S. A. KHAN  , H. C. MARAK  , A. GUPTA  , KUSHAL SARMAH
Published: May 2022

To assess the effects of thermal and radiation regimes on wheat, a field experiment consisting of five dates of sowing starting from 20 November at weekly interval, was conducted. The crop sown on 20 November needed 113 days to attain maturity and with delay in sowing dates, maturity durations decreased upto 91 days in 18 December sown crop. The highest thermal and radiation regimes of 2095oC day for GDD, 15515oC day h for HTU, 31880oC day h for PTU and 2140 mmol m-2 for PAR were associated with maximum yield from crop sown on 20 November. Accumulated global radiation and PAR during vegetative phase showed significant positive correlation, but during reproductive and grain filling phases they exhibited significant negative correlation with dry matter. Accumulated GDD during vegetative, entire growth period and grain filling period registered significant positive correlation with grain yield. Accumulated HTU, PTU, global radiation and PAR, prevailing during reproductive and grain filling phases, showed significant negative association with grain yield. Because of higher values of HUE, HTUE, PTUE, RAUE and PARUE, in terms of grain yield, amounting to 0.1614 g m-2 GDD, 0.0219 g m-2 HTU, 0.0104 gm-2 PTU, 0.2220 g MJ-1 and 0.1599 g mmol-1, respectively, the 20 November sown crop was adjudged as the optimum time of sowing. R2 of regression models was significant at 1% level, accounting for 97 to 99% variation in total grain yield.
Studies on yield limiting meteorological factors for production of rabi pigeon pea in West Bengal
Authors: M. K. NANDA  , S. CHOWDHURY  , S. MADAN  , G. SAHA
Published: May 2022

Winter pigeon pea can be considered as an alternative to boro rice cultivation particularly in the places where over exploitation of ground water is a potential threat to sustainability. The present experiment was aimed at quantifying the meteorological factors that limit the cultivation of rabi pigeon pea particularly in the upland and medium land condition. The experiment was conducted for three consecutive years during 2003-06 in the University Farm at (BCKV) Kalyani W.B. The treatments comprised different dates of sowing at seven days interval between 20 September and 7 December. The influence of meteorological factors on phenological development and yield was statistically analysed. The results revealed that the length of vegetative phase was inversely correlated to the afternoon vapour pressure deficit, average BSH and diurnal variation in temperature. On the other hand, night temperature and daylength were negatively correlated with the reproductive duration. The regression analysis showed that bright sunny days with high atmospheric vapour demanded not only induced early flowering but they also had suppressed the grain yield. Higher accumulation of GDD and PTU during vegetative phase resulted in higher grain production. On the other hand, the average day temperature, night temperature and day length during reproductive phase had negative correlation with grain yield of pigeon pea. These parameters may be considered as limiting factors for higher production. Besides that, rainfall during March had severely hampered pod formation when sown late.
Diurnal variation in temperature and humidity profile within sesamum canopy and its impact on growth process under different dates of sowing
Authors: P. K. CHAKRABORTY  , ASIS MUKHERJEE  , MRINAL BISWAS
Published: May 2022

An experiment laid out in simple RBD combined over dates of sowing (22nd Feb–D1, 7th March–D2 and 22nd March–D3) and varieties (V1–BT-894-3, V2–Rama and V3–BT-893-1) was carried out in three successive years (2004, 2005 and 2006) at BCKV, W. B. to find out temperature and humidity profile within sesamum canopy and their impact on various growth processes. Results revealed that different dates of sowing exposed the crop to different ranges of temperature and RH (above and below the crop). From PCR analysis it is evident that temperature and RH on all data points significantly affected the biometric parameters. This crop could not be sown after 7th March under West Bengal condition; both the flowering and capsule-setting would be adversely affected by higher temperature below the sesamum canopy.
Impact of climatic factors on infestation of leaf eating caterpillar (Mentrysia hyrtica) of cashew in Chhattisgarh
Authors: K. R. SAHU  , B. P. KATLAM  , J. L. CHAUDHARY
Published: May 2022

A survey was conducted in randomly selected trees in adult cashew plantation of district Jagdalpur (C. G.)  during 2003-04, 2004-05 and 2005-06. The infestation of leaf caterpillar was recorded and correlated with the corresponding weather parameters. The seasonal infestation of leaf eating caterpillar on cashew was recorded throughout the year. The infestation of this insect was found to very from year to year. The climatic factors minimum temperature, relative humidity (evening) and rainfall positively influenced the variation in leaf caterpillar damages. The multiple regression analysis indicated that maximum temperature negatively contributed 27% towards incidence of leaf caterpillar damages.
Calibration and validation of CERES-wheat model for wheat in middle Gujarat region
Authors: H. R. PATEL  , G. G. PATEL  , J. C. SHROFF  , VYAS PANDEY  , A. M. SHEKH  , R. P. VADODARIA  , B. K. BHATT
Published: May 2022

CERES (Crop Environment Resource Synthesis)-wheat model (DSSAT v 3.5-Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer) was calibrated and validated for wheat cv. GW-496 at Anand using experimental data collected under different management practices (Date of sowing x Irrigation) during 1995-2007. Results showed that optimum sowing date (D2–15th Nov.) validation was found better as compared to early (D1–1st Nov.) and late (D3–30th Nov.) sowings. The validation of model for different irrigation regimes showed that the performance of model was poor in treatment having less irrigation (I1 and I2). The model performance was found good and satisfactory in treatments having 6-7 irrigations (I3 and I4). On an average, the performance of model for I4 treatment was found good. This showed that model worked better under optimum sowing with optimum irrigation. The various test criteria for evaluation of model showed that highest correlation was observed in D2I3 treatment. The lowest MAE was observed in D3I3 treatment. Similarly, lowest MBE (12.77), lowest RMSE (46.04) and highest index of agreement (1.0) were observed in D1I4 treatment. The error per cent by CERES-wheat model showed that in majority of the cases the models had underestimated wheat yield. Per cent error ranged between -0.020 to -56.02. The average per cent error was found lowest in D1I4, D2I4 and D3I3 irrigation treatments as compared to other treatments. This showed that the model worked good in all model test criteria. In a nutshell, the validation results showed that the model worked better under optimum sowing with optimum irrigation as compared to early/late sowing and moisture stress conditions.
Impact assessment of climatic variability on wheat and pearl millet productivity using CERES models in arid zone of Haryana
Authors: KARAMBIR SHARMA  , O. P. BISHNOI  , RAM NIWAS  , M. L. KHICHAR
Published: May 2022

An investigation was conducted at Department of Agricultural Meteorology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University Hisar using meteorological data of 60 years (1941-2000) to study the climatic variability and trends in maximum and minimum temperature and rainfall. CERES models were used to determine the impact of future trend scenarios on productivity of wheat and pearl millet in arid zone of Haryana. Annual maximum and minimum temperature showed a decreasing trend during the past 60 years (-0.310C year-1), but in last 30 years have shown an increasing trend (.00870C year-1). Minimum temperature (annual and seasonal) showed both cooling and warming trend for a long period of 60 years, whereas maximum temperature showed a cooling trend during the same period. On the other hand, rainfall was observed with high coefficient of variability in post-monsoon and monsoon seasons. CERES models were calibrated for crop varieties, wheat (HD 2160) and pearl millet (HHB 67) and then validation was done with use of experimental data of wheat and pearl millet. CERES-Wheat model predicted yield with a variation of -7.3 to 15.3%, whereas CERES-Millet with a variation of -10.9 to 11.3% of the actual yield under different cooling and warming scenarios. Crop results indicated that warm temperature scenarios caused an adverse effect on growth and yield of wheat by hastening the physiological maturity. It was observed that flowering and maturity of wheat and pearl millet crops were advanced and delayed from normal with rise and fall of temperature upto 20C, respectively.
Forecasting pearl millet productivity from the rainfall distribution of Rajkot district
Authors: S. L. VARMORA  , N. J. RANKJA
Published: May 2022

With a view to find out the most suitable forecasting model for productivity of pearl millet by using past rainfall records of Rajkot district and to identify and quantify the effect of rainfall distribution, 47 consecutive years (1960 to 2006) weekly rainfall data from 23rd to 39th meteorological standard weeks (W), for the cropping season of the pearl millet were collected from Main Dry Farming Research Station, Targhdia (Rajkot). The time trend (T) was also included as an explanatory variable. The district yield of pearl millet (kg/ha) was considered as a response variable. The full model multiple linear regression equation explained 91% variation in pearl millet grain yield. For testing of this fitted model for future, six subsequent years (2001 to 2006) were not included for obtaining prediction equation and verified with actual yields of the district. The deviations between simulated forecasts and actual yields ranged from 2 to 20%. High deviations were due to irregular sowing period, erratic and uneven rainfall distribution of the district. Therefore, high standard error was observed in fitted model. However, this model could be considered for earliest (10 weeks after showing period) forecasting of pearl millet grain yield in Rajkot district.
Interactive effect of irrigation and temperature regimes on growth and development of kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)
Authors: P. N. KIMANI  , S. NARESH KUMAR  , RAMESH HARIT  , YOGESH KUMAR
Published: May 2022

Approximately 60 percent of kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) produced in developing countries is cultivated under conditions of drought stress and low fertility/ low input. Coincidence of water and heat stress, which is projected to occur more in changing climates, cause severe yield loss. To quantify the response of kidney bean to water and temperature stress, an experiment was carried under Randomized Block Design in field and temperature gradient tunnel conditions. Temperature treatments included high temperature for entire crop growth period (~4.6℃, ~3.1℃, ~2.8℃  above mean ambient, 19.6℃), ambient temperature,  elevated temperature during pre-flowering phase (~3.7℃ above mean ambient during that period, 19.6℃), flowering phase (~5.3℃ above mean ambient during that period, 23.1℃) and pod-filling phase (~5.2℃ above mean ambient during that period, 28.9℃). These were combined with i) two irrigations (applied at sowing and seedling phase) and ii) three irrigations (additional irrigation at pod-filling phase). Results indicated that plants under seasonal mean temperatures of 36.7/11.7℃, 33.9/11.6℃ and 33.1/11.7℃ had shortened crop duration with 73-78 DAS. Findings this study indicated that kidney bean exhibits phenological plasticity response to temperature and water regimes. Seasonal mean temperature of 24.2℃ lead to better performance of the crop while temperature shocks during pre-flowering and flowering significantly reduced seed yield. Additionally, exposure of kidney bean plants to water stress (available soil moisture content <10%) significantly reduced seed yield. Coincidence of temperature stress and water stress had more detrimental effects on seed yield. Given the climate scenarios indicating increased variability in temperature and rainfall, findings from this study indicate that climatic risks mayaffect kidney bean seed yield in future. Strategies such as providing supplemental irrigation can alleviate the negative effects of temperature stress and improve kidney bean yield.