bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Confiabilidad y validez del cuestionario de inteligencias múltiples
Authors: Marulanda Londoño Leonardo Fabio , Aguilar Barreto Andrea Johana , Rincón Álvarez Gerson Adriano
Published: October 2023

Este artículo describe el análisis de confiabilidad y validez del Cuestionario de inteligencias múltiples adaptación de McKenzie, en búsqueda de contar con una prueba confiable y valida con el que se puedan reconocer y determinar las inteligencias múltiples de los estudiantes colombianos de educación básica primaria y secundaria. Se realizó un muestreo probabilístico por el método de conglomerado multi-etápico, conformaron la muestra 573 estudiantes del municipio de Cúcuta matriculados en el año 2020 y 2021, con edades comprendidas entre los 8 a 16 años, con una media de 11,16 años y una desviación estándar de 1,37 años. El coeficiente alfa de Cronbach dio 0,828, de la fiabilidad del instrumento total y valores desde aceptables hasta altos para cada una de las inteligencias. El análisis factorial confirmatorio ratifica las ocho dimensiones que conforman las inteligencias múltiples planteadas teóricamente por Garnerd y adaptado McKenzie. Se concluye que el instrumento para evaluar las inteligencias múltiples evidencia a partir de la muestra un alto grado de fiabilidad y consistencia interna estadística. La anterior conclusión presenta el instrumento adecuado para el estudio de las inteligencias múltiples en alumnos en el contexto colombiano.
Circuitos de Tratamiento y Articulaciones Inter-Registro Las Preguntas Que Ejemplifican la Evaluación de Razonamiento Cuantitativo en las Guías de Orientación de los Módulos de Competencias Genéricas de las Pruebas Saber
Authors: Marmolejo Avenia Gustavo Adolfo , Soto Agreda Oscar Fernando , Geovani Insuaty Edwin
Published: October 2023

Las Guías de Orientación de los Módulos de Competencias Genéricas (Guías de orientación) ejemplifican qué y cómo evalúan las Pruebas Saber. Su caracterización aporta elementos para el diseño de programas de entrenamiento donde el objetivo es preparar para la presentación de las Pruebas Saber.Este artículo expone elementos para caracterizar semiótico-cognitivamente las preguntas que evalúan el Razonamiento cuantitativo en las Guías de Orientación: Circuitos de tratamiento representacional y Articulaciones Inter-registro. Su discriminación consideró un enfoque mixto (deductivo e inductivo). Se focalizó en el análisis de los procesos de resolución que nueve jueces realizaron al resolver las preguntas de las Guías de orientación de las Pruebas Saber Once, Saber Pro y Saber T&T. Se realizó en cuatro fases, a saber: Apropiación Conceptual de los Jueces, Establecimiento de categorías de análisis, Discriminación de descriptores y Refinamiento del instrumento). Para evidenciar la consistencia, eficacia y representatividad de las definiciones expuestas se realizó un proceso de validación el cual asumió tanto la Apropiación por síntesis y la Apropiación por aplicación, como la Codificación y el Contraste. Tanto el proceso de discriminación como el de validación son descritos en detalle.
Transformaciones educativas desde la alteridad
Authors: Ballestas Camacho Rodolfo , Urbina Cárdenas Jesús Ernesto , Velandia Suescun Diana Carolina
Published: October 2023

La alteridad como problema de investigación ha sido frecuentemente abordada desde una perspectiva filosófica por diversos autores, siendo el más importante Emanuel Lévinas; para los efectos de esta investigación las teorías de la alteridad que serán tenidas en cuenta, son aquellas que se orientan hacia una visión mucho más práctica. En este sentido, algunos de los aspectos de la pedagogía que tienen que ver con la alteridad desde una fundamentación noológica, son: permitir la manifestación ininterrumpida de las opiniones de los estudiantes, así como responder oportunamente a sus inquietudes; manejar una comunicación que propenda sobre todo la cordialidad y la construcción de entendimiento; el fomento de la confianza y el compartir con los estudiantes.En el análisis de este artículo derivado de una investigación en proceso en el marco de la tesis doctoral “Transformaciones educativas desde la alteridad en la primaria del colegio Claudia María Prada Ayala en tiempos de situaciones de contingencia” desarrollada en su totalidad con recursos propios por parte del investigador, busca establecer la relevancia del proceso de formación docente en la alteridad, como una forma para redescubrir la práctica educativa, en donde tanto docentes como estudiantes posibiliten un reconocimiento del uno en el otro, propiciando rupturas de paradigmas alienantes, reproductoresde conocimientos colonizadores, por pensamientos emergentes centrados en la liberación del ser en el otro y con el otro.
Análisis de la Gestión que desempeña América Latina en relación con la calidad educativa
Authors: Avendaño Castro William Rodrigo , Mogrovejo Andrade Johanna Milena , Melean Romero Rosana Alejandra
Published: October 2023

Se realizó un análisis bibliométrico acerca de la realización y divulgación de proyectos investigativos relacionados con el análisis de la variable gestión en la calidad de la educación en América Latina. El objetivo al cual se proyecta este documento, es abarcar los aspectos principales, propios de las publicaciones registradas en la base de datos Scopus en un lapso de seis años comprendidos entre el 2016 y 2021 en los países de América Latina, de esta manera, identificando 1183 publicaciones en total. La documentación proporcionada por la plataforma, se organizó a través de tablas y gráficos, que categorizan la información por año en el que se publicó, País de procedencia, ámbito de Conocimiento y Tipo de categoría. Con la obtención de esta información, se utilizó unenfoque cualitativo para referirse a la posición de los distintos autores sobre el tema propuesto. De lo anterior, se obtiene que Brasil es el país que posee gran producción con 589 publicaciones. En la creación de material bibliográfico de los estudios de gestión de la calidad educativa, el campo de la medicina del conocimiento fue el que más aportó con 538 publicaciones, y en el período mencionado, el tipo de publicación más utilizado fue en revistas representado en un 71%.
Una vista a la educación en frontera: habilidad asertiva y salud mental
Authors: Medina Bastos Leidy Johana , Carrillo Sierra Sandra-Milena , Llanes Méndez Angelica Del Pilar , Rodríguez Niño Jenifer Carolina , Hernandez Lalinde Juan
Published: October 2023

Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo analizar la asertividad en estudiantes colombianos y venezolanos de 7° y 8° grado en una institución educativa pública ubicada en contexto fronterizo. Se utilizó una metodología orientada en el enfoque cuantitativo, con un diseño no experimental y alcance descriptivo. Participaron 63 estudiantes de nacionalidad colombiana y venezolana, con edades entre 15 y 18 años. La recolección de datos se realizó mediante la aplicación de la Escala Multidimensional de Asertividad - EMA. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que los estudiantes venezolanos expresan de manera indirecta la asertividad, mientras que los estudiantes colombianos se identifican con la no asertividad, es decir que los sujetos poseen poca conducta asertiva. Se concluye que la nacionalidad tiene un efecto nulo en la habilidad asertiva, no obstante, la asertividad es una habilidad fundamental en los procesos de integración migratoria y, en general, de adaptación a las exigencias de la vida de los adolescentes. Se requiere de un contexto educativo fortalecido de herramientas como el desarrollo de habilidades asertivas que apunten al bienestar de las comunidades educativas
The school environmental project - PRAE as a contribution to the socio-environmental culture of the Megacolegio La Frontera of the Municipality of Villa Del Rosario Norte de Santander.
Authors: Mendoza Rios Johanatan Dario
Published: October 2023

This research seeks to contribute to the construction of socio-environmental culture from the perspective of the PRAE of the Megacolegio La Frontera de Villa del Rosario through a multimedia strategy that allows to dynamize its integral formation.  Research question: Is there Articulation of the PRAE with the PEI of the Educational Institution or is it isolated? What are the potentialities or strengths of the PRAE, in relation to the problems of the locality? Objective: i) To contribute to the construction of socio-environmental culture from social communication in perspective of the School Environmental Project-PRAE of the Megacolegio La Frontera de Villa del Rosario through a multimedia strategy that allows to dynamize its integral formation. Methodology: For this research a qualitative approach was carried out since the objective is to contribute to the construction of socio-environmental culture from social communication in perspective of the PRAE of the Megacolegio La Frontera de Villa del Rosario through a multimedia strategy that allows to dynamize its integral formation. Results: The methodological results expose the realization of the objectives to an affected population, from the socio-cultural spheres in such a way that it allowed to determine the causes, the advances and the scope on the study area. Conclusions: The potentialities and weaknesses of the PRAE are identified, the weaknesses and environmental potentialities leave a positive and negative impact of them not only on natural systems, but also on social systems.
Análisis de los Indicadores de Producción y Citación Científica en Latinoamérica (2009-2019): Una Evaluación Basada en SCImago
Authors: Avendaño-Castro William Rodrigo , Mogrovejo Andrade Johanna Milena , Bastos Osorio Liliana Marcela
Published: October 2023

Este estudio analiza la producción, difusión y citación de artículos científicos en revistas indexadas en Scopus para evaluar los indicadores de países en el SCImago Journal & Country Rank (SJCR) durante 2009-2019. Se enfocó en los cinco principales países latinoamericanos: Brasil (BR), México (MX), Argentina (AR), Chile (CL) y Colombia (CO). Mediante regresión lineal, se encontró que BR lidera en producción con el mayor crecimiento en Documentos y Documentos citables, pero presenta declives en Citas y Autocitas. AR, por otro lado, mostró una disminución notable en Citas por Documento. Brasil también se destaca con el índice H más alto en la región. El modelo utilizado logró explicar el 80% de la variabilidad en los datos
Percepciones sociales sobre migración en un asentamiento humano en zona de frontera
Authors: Jaimes Márquez Maritza Carolina , Galvis Velandia Laura Nataly , Araque López Mariam Johana
Published: October 2023

El presente artículo, se despliega bajo los resultados de la investigación titulada Percepciones sociales sobre migración en el barrio La Fortaleza del municipio de San José de Cúcuta, adscrito al macroproyecto de la Facultad de Educación, Artes y Humanidades, de la Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander, titulado “la migración: pobreza, desarrollo y factores psicosociales”. La cual tuvo por objetivo analizar las percepciones sociales sobre migración en un asentamiento humano en zona de frontera, por tanto, fue oportuno examinarlo desde un paradigma cualitativo, partiendo de un enfoque fenomenológico qué permitió tener una visión holística sobre una realidad social específica como lo es la migración colombo venezolana, transformándose en un tema de gran relevancia para el estudio de las ciencias Sociales, asi mismo, obteniendo como resultado que las percepciones sociales sobre  la migración se expone que son el movimiento poblacional de un país a otro y la búsqueda de oportunidades. Además, que la migración es un fenómeno dominante que impune la convivencia forzada que causa problemas de inclusión y estigmas sociales o es un proceso favorable que permite el incremento del apoyo social. Adicionalmente, perciben la migración a la desintegración familiar, la estigmatización social, el trabajo mal remunerado o desempleo. Por último, las conclusiones exponen que la migración genera cambios significativos en el núcleo familiar, social y cultural de los individuos que emigran y los receptores, por otro lado, se necesitan medidas acordes para los migrantes en relación a sus deberes y derechos en los países que migran, conjuntamente se necesita educación social para los temas como la estigmatización social o xenofobia
Resignificación del modelado de la Ley de enfriamiento de Newton: La interacción social como herramienta educativa en Ingeniería
Authors: Córdoba Gómez Francisco Javier , Álvarez Maceas Fermín , Hernández Suárez César Augusto
Published: October 2023

El estudio se centró en analizar la influencia de la modelación en las interacciones dentro de clases de matemáticas, con énfasis en la resignificación del concepto de ecuación diferencial. Dicha ecuación fue utilizada como herramienta para modelar el fenómeno del enfriamiento. Utilizamos una metodología basada en estudios de campo, a través de la implementación de una unidad de aprendizaje. Dos grupos de estudiantes participaron en una clase centrada en ecuaciones diferenciales. Durante el curso, los estudiantes desarrollaron una actividad experimental sobre el fenómeno del enfriamiento. La intención subyacente era que construyeran un modelo matemático coherente con los datos recabados, facilitando así la resignificación del conocimiento matemático. Para la recolección de datos, se filmó la actividad y se colectaron los trabajos escritos de los estudiantes. El análisis evidenció que la resignificación del saber matemático se vio potenciada por la modelación y las interacciones en clase. Específicamente, la práctica de modelación no sólo fortaleció la motivación de los estudiantes hacia el ámbito matemático, sino que también amplió su comprensión y significado. Además, se observó que la modelación inserta a los estudiantes en contextos reales, promoviendo la conexión e integración del conocimiento matemático en distintas áreas del saber.
Corporate governance and return on assets in mining industry companies: The developing market study
Authors: Meiryani Meiryani , Fahlevi Mochammad , Rivalldo Kevin , Ariefianto Moch Doddy , Winoto Agustinus , Wahyuningtias Dianka , Syamil Ahmad
Published: October 2023

Differences in interests lead to conflict between managers with owners of capital because managers do not always align interests with the interests of company owners (Jensen & Meckling, 1976). Corporate governance has a very important role in increasing various growths, one of which is the growth of the company’s finances. In the application of corporate governance, it takes several parties who can bridge corporate governance to be applied in the company. The board of commissioners is the core of governance that is tasked with ensuring the implementation of the company’s strategy, supervising management, and requiring accountability. The purpose of this study was to find out what important parties in the company had a significant impact on the company’s finances as measured through the return on assets (ROA) of mining companies. This study uses secondary data collected from financial statements and annual reports from mining companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) that can be accessed regularly. In this study, data analysis to test hypotheses was multiple linear regression analysis. The analysis of multiple linear regression data measures the interval or ratio data to know whether the free variables studied have a good correlation. The results of the study show that all parties who have an important role in bridging corporate governance such as the board of commissioners, independent commissioners, board of directors, and audit committee, have no significant influence on the growth of ROA in the company.
Prospects of governance 4.0: Moving beyond directors’ networks to the networked board
Authors: Blomson Dean
Published: October 2023

The problem that this paper addresses is growing evidence that conventional board models (especially the unitary board version) are approaching their use-by-date and may no longer be fit-for-purpose. This paper follows the published research by Ernst & Young (EY, 2021) with Dean Blomson as the lead researcher on board operating models of the future. One model was the ‘networked board operating model’; but its operation was not outlined in any detail. This conceptual paper examines the relevance, contribution, role and operation of a networked board. Methodologically, it draws on existing governance and networks’ literature and extrapolates that abductively to consider the applicability of a networked board/governance model. This paper outlines the design logic, construct, features and possible operation of such a model; and the key conditions for its success. The conclusion is that a networked board (governance) model for an enterprise (as opposed to multiple enterprises): 1) has interesting, relevant features worthy of consideration and adoption; 2) is not simply an abstract, theoretical construct but could be pragmatically applied and ‘operated’; and, therefore, 3) should have a place as an ‘alternative’ governance model (recognising that what is unconventional today may be mainstream tomorrow). The relevance of this paper is that it provides a foundation for further contemplation and critique of the model — as a viable alternative governance construct that is likely to be far more responsive to the vagaries of a VUCA (volatile, uncertain, complex and ambiguous) world, where ‘always on’ vigilance and heightened stakeholder engagement will be governance imperatives, for growing numbers of enterprises.
Deep sequencing of extracellular eDNA enables total biodiversity assessment of ecosystems
Authors: Manu Shivakumara , Umapathy Govindhaswamy
Published: October 2023

The global decline in biodiversity driven by anthropogenic factors
necessitates biomonitoring of ecosystems. However, current approaches
are limited to targeted detection of taxa and fail to capture the total
biodiversity of ecosystems. We postulated that extracellular
environmental DNA (eDNA) represents a genetic repertoire of all the life
forms in an ecosystem, which can be retrieved by deep sequencing. The
feasibility and effectiveness of this approach were tested through a
spatiotemporal study in Chilika Lagoon, a large and biodiverse Ramsar
wetland ecosystem in India. Extracellular eDNA was enriched from
large-volume filtered water samples using lysis-free methods and
PCR-free shotgun sequencing libraries were generated. Based on the
saturation of unique k-mers, over 10.96 billion extracellular eDNA
fragments were sequenced from 16 libraries and taxonomically classified
to the lowest common ancestor of the best hits of the paired-end reads.
The results show that organisms from all the domains of life, including
the low-abundant non-microbial taxa, can be detected with high
sensitivity for taxonomic families with representative genomes.
Interestingly, despite Bacteria representing a large proportion (87%)
of the taxonomically classified reads, Eukaryotes showed the highest
taxonomic diversity (73%). Further, using incidence-based asymptotic
richness analysis, the total taxonomic diversity of Chilika was
estimated to be 1071 families across the tree of life, comprising
approximately 799 families of Eukaryotes, 230 families of Bacteria, 27
families of Archaea, and 13 families of DNA Viruses. We also quantified
the compositional changes using Bray-Curtis dissimilarity and showed
that extracellular eDNA can resolve the broad-scale spatiotemporal
variation of biodiversity across the tree of life. These results
demonstrate that PCR-free deep sequencing of extracellular eDNA is an
effective approach for taxonomic diversity assessment across the tree of
life in large ecosystems. With the increasing genomic resources and
decreasing sequencing costs, we foresee its widespread application to
monitor future biodiversity loss and support conservation, restoration,
and management efforts in the Anthropocene.
Multi-Omics Panoramic Analysis of HBV Integration, Transcriptional Regulation, Translation, and Epigenetic Modifications in the Classical HBV-Integrated Cell Line PLC/PRF/5
Authors: Guan Guiwen , Abulaiti Abudurexiti , Chen Chia-Chen , Gu Zhiqiang , Yang Jing , Zhang Ting , Chen Xiaojie , Zhou Zhao , Lu Fengmin , Chen Xiangmei
Published: October 2023

Background: The clearance or transcriptional silencing of
integrated HBV DNA is crucial for achieving a functional cure in
patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and reducing the risk of
hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development. The PLC/PRF/5 cell line is
commonly used as an in vitro model for studying HBV integration. In this
study, we employed a range of multi-omics techniques to gain a panoramic
understanding of the characteristics of HBV integration in PLC/PRF/5
cells. Methods: Transcriptome long-read sequencing (ONT) was
conducted to analyze characterize the transcriptional activity of
different HBV DNA integrations in PLC/PRF/5 cells. Additionally, data
pertaining to epigenetic regulation such as whole-genome bisulfite
sequencing (WGBS), histone chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing
(ChIP-seq), and assay for transposase-accessible chromatin using
sequencing (ATAC-seq) were collected to investigate the potential
mechanisms associated with the transcriptional regulation of integrated
HBV DNA. Result: Our findings indicate that transcriptional
activity of integrated HBV DNA in PLC/PRF/5 cells is influenced by
methylation levels of the surrounding host genome near the integration
site. The result indicated that elevated methylation of the adjacent
host genome adversely impacts transcription activity of integrated HBV
DNA. Furthermore, we observed a positive association between histone
modification H3K4me3 and the transcription of integrated HBV DNA. These
results suggest that host may regulate transcriptional activity of
integrated HBV DNA through DNA methylation and histone modifications.
Potentially leading to the silencing of integrated HBV DNA.
Conclusion: Our study brought a better understanding on the
transcriptional regulation of integrated HBV DNA. This knowledge can be
valuable in the development of novel strategy for functional cure of
CHB.
Morphological Modulation Enabled by Non-halogenated Solvent-Processed Simple Solid Additives for High-Efficiency Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Haris Muhammad , Ryu Du Hyeon , Ullah Zakir , Kang Bong Joo , Jeon Nam Joong , Lee Seungjin , Lee Hang Ken , Lee Sang Kyu , Lee Jong-Cheol , Kwon Hyung-Wook , Shin Won-Suk , Song Chang Eun
Published: October 2023

The simple-structural and volatile solid additive 1,4-dibromobenzne
(DBrB) can outperform organic solar cells (OSCs) fabricated with
1,4-diiodobenzene and 1,4-dichlorobenzene in terms of power conversion
efficiency (PCE). A remarkable PCE of 17.0% has been achieved in a
binary OSC based on DBrB-optimized photoactive materials processed from
non-halogenated solvents, which is mainly attributed to the formation of
a three-dimensional interpenetrating network and the orderly arrangement
of the photoactive materials by improving the intermolecular
interaction. This optimized morphology enables efficient charge
transfer/transport as well as suppressed charge recombination, resulting
in the simultaneous increase in all photovoltaic parameters. More
importantly, we demonstrate that non-halogenated solvent-processed DBrB
enabled PM6:Y6-HU OSCs with an impressive PCE of 18.6%, which is the
highest efficiency yet reported for binary OSCs. This study suggests
that the novel DBrB volatile solid additive is an effective approach to
optimizing the morphology and thereby improves the photovoltaic
performance of OSCs.
How to optimally allocate sampling effort in experimental ecology
Authors: Schweiger Andreas , Garthen Aron , Bahn Michael , Chalcraft David , Schtickzelle Nicolas , Larsen Klaus , Kreyling Juergen
Published: October 2023

A major aim of experimental ecology is to quantify responses to
environmental change. Study designs which optimally capture response
patterns are currently debated. A key point in the discussion is how a
limited total number of samples should ideally be allocated to
replication versus the number of locations along the environmental
gradient. Here, we assess how to optimally allocate sampling effort for
maximizing prediction accuracy in gradient designs. For this we
performed artificial data simulations for different sampling approaches
with or without a priori knowledge of the underlying patterns, and
applied a set of commonly observed response shapes. Overall,
unreplicated sampling with equidistant, systematic placement along the
gradient of interest at as many locations or levels as affordable turned
out to be the best approach for unknown response shapes. Replication was
found to be beneficial when a priori knowledge exists about the
underlying, simple (e.g. linear or humped) response shape.
A robust multi-nutrient kinetic model for enhanced lutein and biomass yields in mixotrophic microalgae cultivation -- A step towards successful large-scale productions
Authors: Bentahar Jihed , Deschênes Jean-Sébastien
Published: October 2023

Mixotrophic cultivation holds great promise for enhanced biomass
production and valuable metabolite synthesis from microalgae. This study
introduces a versatile kinetic model encompassing the most influential
factors, while emphasizing on lutein production, a highly sought-after
bioproduct. This most extensive study to date incorporates
multi-nutrient kinetics for Tetradesmus obliquus in mixotrophic
regime, covering various nutritional conditions. Crucial nutrients
governing the model include nitrate, phosphate, and glucose. Using 7
state variables and 13 unknown parameters, the model’s accuracy was
ensured through a well-designed 2-factor, 4-level experimental setup,
providing ample data for reliable calibration and validation. Results
show high accuracy in predicting dynamic concentration profiles for all
validation experiments, revealing wide applicability. Optimizing
nitrogen availability led to significant increases in biomass (up to
4-fold) and lutein production (up to 12-fold), with observed maximum
biomass concentration of 6.80 g.L and lutein
reaching 25.58 mg.L . Noticeably, the model exhibits
a maximum specific growth rate of 4.03 day ,
surpassing reported values for photoautotrophic and heterotrophic
conditions, suggesting synergistic effects. Valuable guidance is
provided for applying the method to various microalgal species and
results are large-scale production-ready. Future work will focus on
exploiting these results for developing real-time photobioreactor
operation strategies.
Advancing MRI Capacitors: Design, Fabrication, and Characterization
Authors: JEBRI Zaineb , Ali MAHFOUDH Taleb , Juergen Nistler
Published: October 2023

In today’s healthcare landscape, MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) plays
a pivotal role in early diagnosis and treatment decisions. However, the
quest for higher frequencies to achieve micron-level resolutions poses
technological challenges. This paper focuses on coils and capacitors,
with special attention to air gap considerations for movable electrodes.
The paper delves into the development of adjustable capacitors using
high-fired NP0 ceramic, tailored for 128 MHz MRI systems. These
capacitors boast impressive specs: a 3 kV breakdown voltage
(VBreakdown), a 3 pF minimum capacitance (Cmin), a 30 pF maximum
capacitance (CMax), and a 1.5 pF stepwise capacitance variation
(Cvariation step). Notably, they enhance breakdown voltage while
preserving frequency stability with MgTiCa ceramic between the fixer and
mobile electrode, critical for adaptive blocks. Leveraging geometrical
parameters analyzed through the ANSYS simulator, we meticulously
designed an optimized 25-40 pF capacitor with a 15mm height and 1600 mm2
surface area. Post-fabrication and sintering, extensive testing using a
vector network analyzer across 10 MHz to 100 MHz validated performance
against simulated expectations.
Use of antidepressant and anxiolytic drugs in Scandinavian countries between 2006 and 2021: a prescription database study
Authors: Bojanić Ivana
Published: October 2023

Introduction: The use of antidepressant and anxiolytic drugs
has changed in Scandinavian countries over recent decades, with notable
national variations. Objective: To describe and compare
antidepressant and anxiolytic drug use in Norway, Sweden and Denmark.
Methods: Data included each country’s prescription registers
from 2006 to 2021. The measures were period (1-year) prevalence (users
per 1000 inhabitants) and therapeutic intensity (TI; daily defined dose
[DDD] per 1000 inhabitants per day), overall, by drug classes and
age groups. Results: Prevalence of antidepressant use increased
from 2006 to 2021 and was highest in Sweden (78 to 107 users per 1000
inhabitants) and lowest in Norway (61 to 69 users per 1000 inhabitants).
Prevalence of anxiolytic use decreased, most steeply in Denmark (50 to
18 users per 1000 inhabitants). The TI of antidepressants increased
consistently in Norway and Sweden, but more variably in Denmark. Sweden
had the highest increase in TI of antidepressants (56%). The TI of
anxiolytics declined most markedly in Denmark (by 75%). The prevalence
of antidepressant and anxiolytic use was highest among adults ≥ 65
years. The prevalence of antidepressant use increased across age groups
in Sweden and young people (5-19 years) in Norway, but not in Denmark.
Conclusions: The use of antidepressants increased in
Scandinavia in 2006-2021, but decreased for anxiolytics, with country
variations in number of users and the amount used. Future research
should target factors underlying high antidepressant and anxiolytic use
in older adults across countries and increasing antidepressant use in
Sweden and among young Norwegians.
Evaluation of the impact of evidence based pharmaceutical care bundle delivery on patient outcomes
Authors: Canning Martin , McDougall Ross , Yerkovich Stephanie , Barras Michael , Coombes Ian , Sullivan Clair , Whitfield Karen
Published: October 2023

Background Clinical pharmacists perform patient-centred activities to
optimise medicines use and prevent harm. Historically, clinical pharmacy
quality indicators have measured an individual activity and are not
linked to patient outcomes. Aim To determine the proportion of patients
for which bundled pharmaceutical care activities are performed and to
investigate associations between patient outcomes and delivery of
pharmaceutical care bundles (PCB). Methods Medication history,
medication review, discharge medication list and medicines information
on the discharge summary were defined within relevant state-wide
clinical information systems. Routinely recorded data was extracted at
ten participating sites for adult patients who had a non-same day
separation. Associations between extent of delivery of all activities as
a PCB and 3 patient outcomes were investigated. Results In total 283,813
hospital stays were evaluated. Delivery of the PCB occurred in 26.9% of
patients (range 0.6% to 61.2% at participating sites). Patients with a
longer length of stay were more likely to receive delivery of the
complete PCB (P<0.001). There was no association between
bed:clinical pharmacist FTE ratio and delivery of the PCB (r=-0.183,
p=0.64) and there was no correlation between PCB and hospital
standardised mortality ratio (r=-0.03, p=0.93). Higher rates of delivery
of the PCB were associated with lower rates of unplanned readmission
within 30 days (r=-0.993, p<0.001). Conclusion Delivery of a
PCB consisting of medication history, medication review, discharge
medication list and medicines information on the discharge summary was
provided to 26.9% of patients. It was associated with lower rates of
unplanned readmission within 30 days.
Hydraulic river models from ICESat-2 elevation and water surface slope
Authors: Musaeus Aske Folkmann , Kittel Cécile M.M. , Luchner Jakob , Frias Monica Coppo , Bauer-Gottwein Peter
Published: October 2023

Forecasting flood and drought events requires accurate modeling tools.
Hydraulic river models are based on estimates of riverbed geometry which
are traditionally collected in-situ. The novel Ice, Cloud and Land
Elevation Satellite 2 [ICESat-2] lidar altimetry mission with 6
simultaneous high-resolution laser beams provides the opportunity to
define river cross-section geometries as well as observe water surface
elevation [WSE] and water surface slope spatially resolved along the
river chainage. This paper describes a method to utilize terrain
altimetry and water surface slope estimates to define complete river
geometries from ICESat-2 data products, using the diffusive wave
approximation to calculate depth in the submerged section not penetrated
by the lidar. Exemplifying the method, cross-sections are defined for a
stretch of the Mekong River. Hydrodynamic model results of the stretch
are compared with ICESat-2 WSE estimates and in-situ gauging station
time series. Insights in river characteristics from satellite imagery
and the ICESat-2 slope estimates allow for fine-tuning of the
cross-sections using spatially varying Manning numbers. The final model
achieves a root mean square error against the ICESat-2 WSE of 0.676 m
and average Kling-Gupta Efficiency against gauging station time series
of 0.880. The method is limited by the diffusive wave approximation
resulting in inaccurate cross-section estimates in sections with
supercritical flow or significant acceleration. Errors can be identified
from ICESat-2 WSE estimates and reduced with additional cross-sections.
Combined with hydrological models, the method will allow for
cross-section definition without in-situ data.
The Hunt for Perpendicular Magnetic Field Measurements in Plasma
Authors: Jensen Elizabeth , Rahmani Yaser , Simpson Jamesina
Published: October 2023

We are reporting the discovery of a new radio analysis for studying
plasma magnetic fields. In the high frequency regime, wherein the
electromagnetic wave frequency exceeds the plasma and cyclotron
frequencies, propagating electromagnetic waves assume four different
plasma wave modes: (1) the ordinary “O-mode” (present with/without a
magnetic field), (2) the right-handed circularly polarized “RCP-mode”
(parallel to magnetic field), (3) the left-handed circularly polarized
“LCP-mode” (parallel to magnetic field), and (4) the extra-ordinary
“X-mode”. The X-mode occurs when the magnetic field is perpendicular
to the electromagnetic wave propagation direction. Until now, the X-mode
has not been studied. For applications such as total electron content
measurements, the X-mode is a source of error. We show how to isolate
this effect, eliminating the error as well as enabling the magnetic
field to be studied. This also enables the remote measurement of total
magnetic field strength when used in combination with Faraday rotation.
A new class of generalized Fubini polynomials and their computational algorithms
Authors: Kilar Neslihan
Published: October 2023

The aim of this paper is to give many new and elegant formulas for a new class of generalized Fubini polynomials with the aid of generating functions and their functional equations. By using these formulas, some computational algorithms involving a new class of generalized Fubini polynomials and special polynomials and numbers are constructed. Using these algorithms, some values of these numbers and polynomials are computed. Finally, some remarks and observations on the results of this paper are presented.
Prediabetic HbA1c and cortical atrophy: underlying neurobiology
Authors: Shin Jean , Patel Yash , Parker Nadine , Paus Tomas , Pausova Zdenka
Published: October 2023

Objective: To investigate the relationship between blood glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and cerebral cortical thickness (CT), and identify potential cellular mechanisms involved.

Research Design and Methods: A cohort of 30,579 adults aged 45-81 years (mean [SD]=64 [7.5] years) with brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and blood HbA1c levels were analyzed. The relationship between HbA1c and CT was probed using independent spatial profiles of cell-specific gene expression. Lastly, a genome wide association study was conducted on the shared variance between HbA1c and CT.

Results: HbA1c-CT association was non-continuous, emerging negatively within the prediabetic range (39.6 mmol/mol). This association was the strongest in brain regions with higher expression of genes specific to excitatory neurons and lower expression of genes specific to astrocytes and microglia. A significant locus implicated mitochondrial maintenance and ATP generation.

Conclusions: Effective glycemia control at prediabetic levels is warranted to preserve brain health and prevent prediabetes-related neurobiological perturbations.
Study of Grouting in the Hydraulically Activated Subfoundation Soils Using the Comprehensive Approach
Authors: Dolzhikov P. N. , Talalaeva V. M.
Published: October 2023

Introduction. The large-scale “wet” closure of collieries had led to irreversible changes in the underworked rock mass. First of all, there took place the mine-water level rise and hydraulic activation of buildings’ subfoundation soils, which induced the new geodynamic effects and hazardous deformations of buildings. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out the reconstruction of buildings’ subfoundations on the underworked territories. Under these circumstances, the high-pressure jet grouting with viscoplastic grouts using the hydraulic fracturing is considered a highly-promising trend of soil grouting. The work aims at studying the parameters of grouting and the degree of consolidation of hydraulically activated soils on the underworked territories.

Materials and Methods. The research was carried out with the rock full scale specimens, taking into account their physical-mechanical and strain-strength properties. The comprehensive approach to research implied studying the geotechnical conditions and the technological parameters of rock grouting along with the quality of stabilisation and waterproofing of hydraulically activated soils.

Results. In accordance with the comprehensive research methodology, at the first stage, the geotechnical and miningengineering analysis of the underworked territories were carried out and the geostructural typification of the ShakhtinskNesvetaevsky district territories was substantiated depending on the thickness of the covering deposits. At the second stage, the grout pad formation parameters at contact with the parent rocks were analytically determined. Moreover, for dispersive decompacted rocks the consistent patterns and the degree of filtration consolidation were established in the empirically-analytical way by viscoplastic grout injection. Using the computer and physical modeling method, the consistent patterns of subfoundation soils deformation before and after grouting were obtained for three geostructural types. At the third stage, the field studies of the grouting parameters and quality were carried out during the subfoundations reconstruction of two buildings in the city of Shakhty. It was proved that grouting in the hydraulically activated soils increases their strength up to 0.4 MPa and reduces subfoundations deformation by 2–2.5 times.

Discussion and Conclusions. Application of the comprehensive methodology to the study of grouting in the hydraulically activated soils of the underworked territories made it possible to substantiate the process flow schemes and parameters of consolidation and waterproofing of dispersive and fractured hard rocks. Based on the analytical, computer, laboratory and field study results, the consistent patterns and the degree of variation in the deformation-strength properties of the hydraulically activated subfoundation soils after viscoplastic grouting were established.
Experimental and Theoretical Justification of the Foam Fiber-Reinforced Concrete Application Expediency in Earthquake-Resistant Construction
Authors: Morgun L. V. , Porokhnya A. S.
Published: October 2023

Introduction. Based on the evolutionary approach to the analysis of the lightweight concrete application expediency in earthquake-resistant construction it has been revealed that development of the above mentioned technologies fosters the reduced material consumption in construction and the increased durability of buildings under the seismic loads. The efficient solutions for constructing the earthquake-resistant buildings are constantly searched for, and the reasons for reducing the range of energy-efficient products made of the autoclaved aerated concrete are noticed. The research is aimed at compiling an inventory of modern technological methods of increasing the buildings seismic resistance.

Materials and Methods. The list and properties of raw materials used for single-stage technology manufacture of the foam concrete mixtures have been provided. The list of equipment used for assessing the studied materials’ mechanical properties has been defined.

Results. The new experimental data confirming the significant influence of the individual properties of fiber on the value of the dispersedly reinforced foam concrete ultimate deformability and bending tensile strength has been obtained. The positive effect of the length of fiber on the foam concrete mechanical properties has been confirmed. The considerably positive effect of the dispersed reinforcement on the homogeneity of mechanical properties observed in the foam concrete mass has been distinguished.

Discussion and Conclusions. The work performed has elucidated the importance of the individual properties of fiber as a tool for managing the operational properties of foam concrete. The ultimate properties of the aerated rock material are influenced by the length of fibers and their ultimate deformability. The length of fiber is important for the bending tensile strength, whereas the values of this parameter in the composite material are regulated by the ultimate extensibility.
Don State Technical University Experience of Enhancing Vocational Training of the Specialists in Organisation of Construction
Authors: Zholobov A. L. , Zholobova E. A.
Published: October 2023

Introduction. Professional requirements set for the specialists in organisation of construction (job foremasters and foremen) grow from year to year along with the emergence of new building technologies, materials, machines and equipment. After implementation of the new professional standards in our country, such specialists are urged to acquire the additional knowledge, abilities and skills necessary for fulfilling their job functions and activities in compliance with their proficiency level. Therefore, searching the ways of enhancing the vocational training of the specialists in organisation of construction has become the objective of the authors’ research.

Materials and Methods. To achieve this objective, the authors have developed a series of additional activities for teaching the specialists in organisation of construction, based on improving the competencies required in their profession. This series of activities includes the initial, intermediate and final stages of vocational training. The initial stage is implemented during the first three years of bachelor and long first degree (specialist) programmes within direction of study “Construction” and the remaining two stages – during the last years of university study or after graduation.

Results. The article presents the Don State Technical University experience of enhancing vocational training of the specialists in organisation of construction. The article contains the information on integration into the educational process of the photo and video tests, construction machines simulators, business games (including the ones on erecting the building structures out of the crane operator’s field-of-view), thematic references on difficult (challenging) issues of construction production, glossary of construction slang, as well as the information on organisation of the student scientific circle “Student construction control”.

Discussion and Conclusion. The experience of enhancing vocational training of the specialists in organisation of construction accumulated by the authors is successfully implemented at the Continuing Education Department and the Production Technology in Construction Chair of Don State Technical University. It can be recommended for implementation in other universities where students of the direction of study “Construction” are educated.
The Impacts of Time of Birth on Maternal and Perinatal Outcomes in Low-Risk Pregnancy in Khartoum, Sudan: A Cross-Sectional Hospital-Based Study
Authors: Eltayeb Ayia
Published: October 2023

Background: The literature shows inconsistency about the influencing of time of birth on pregnancy outcomes across countries, no such data exit in Sudan. Thus, the current study aimed to investigate the influence of time and day of birth on maternal and perinatal outcomes among women with low-risk pregnancy in Khartoum, Sudan. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from July 2021 to August 2022 in Saad Abuelela maternity hospital, Khartoum Sudan. A structured questionnaire was used to collected sociodemographic and obstetrical data. Chi-square test was performed. Results: A total of 388 pregnant women were recruited from all low-risk women who delivered in the hospitals The mean (standard deviation) age of the women was 28.26(6.9) years and 172 (44.3%) were primiparas. According to type/frequency of complications occurred, those who were shifted to interventional delivery for fetal compromise 162(41.8%) i.e. emergency caesarean delivery 139(35.8%), and instrumental delivery 23 (5.9%); total maternal complications 51(13.1%) including who 3rd or 4th perineal tears were 12(3.1%), who complicated by postpartum hemorrhage were 36(9.3%), who experienced uterine rupture were 3(0.8%); total neonatal complications 175(45.1%) i.e. who had newborn birth injuries were 10(2.6%); who had birth Asphyxia were 62(16.0%) and who had neonatal admission to neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) were 103(26.5%). There was no association between type/frequency of complications and part of the week (working days vs. weekend days) (P value = 0.915), there was a significant statistical association with part of the day (daytime vs. evening and night-time) (P value = 0.005). Conclusion: Poor maternal and perinatal outcomes among low risk Sudanese pregnant women was found to be associated with time per day regardless of week or weekend day and not day of week. All efforts should be directed to provide appropriate healthcare services for all pregnant women regardless of time, assessing our local healthcare systems (its weakness, strengths, and opportunities) is a good start to improve maternal and perinatal health in Sudan.