bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study on ESP String for Super Heavy Oil Exploitation in Tahe Oil Field
Authors: Huang Zhi Qiang , Qiu Cheng Song , Li Qin , Ma Ya Chao , Liu Li Yan
Published: June 2012

During the process of super heavy oil exploitation in Tahe oil field, when mixing light oil, due to heavy oil and light oil entering into pump from separator directly, the existing ESP string leads to poor mixing and heavy oil coming into the pump, as a result, the pump detection period is greatly shorten; when water injection-production, the injected water can contact with electrical cable and motor directly, causing serious damage to the cable and motor, and the pump detection period is also greatly shorten. This paper designs a new type of ESP string, adding a ESP dome, a sieve tube, a mixing device, an intelligent switch and a direct flushing valve, which can improve the mixing effect of heavy oil and light oil, avoid the injected water directly contacting with electrical cable and motor, in order to protect the electrical cable and motor, improve their service life, extend the pump detection period and reduce production costs. Field test showed that the pump detection period has been prolonged after using the new ESP string, it is recommended to promote the use.
The Application of Sort and Subtotal of Microsoft Office Excel in Oilfield Data Processing
Authors: Liu Xiao Juan , Liu Xiao Yang
Published: June 2012

Through expounding the function of Sort and Subtotal of Microsoft Office Excel and analyzing its application in oilfield data processing, this paper provides a convenient method of oilfield data Excel-processing for oil-workers in order to improve work efficiency.
Underground Reservoir Architectural Elements Analysis on Minghuazhen Formation of Gangxi Oilfield, Eastern China
Authors: Chen Liu Qin , Tian Chang Bing , Hu Shui Qing
Published: June 2012

Neogene Minghuazhen formation of Gangxi oilfield is a sequence of meandering river sedimentary record, which consists of a series of upward fining succession. During the mid-later period, it is becoming more difficult for oil development because of strong reservoir heterogeneity. In the late stage of oilfield development, it is necessary to refine temporal and spacial distribution of sedimentary facies distribution. Based on sedimentary facies research, the paper put focus on architectural elements analysis of meandering river point bar reservoir, mainly using underground well logging data. By the way of calculations of typical well area (Gx47-4) of Nm2-7-1 single layer, the scale of lateral acceleration sandstone body, the dip angel of lateral mudstone interlayers, the ratio of the width and thickness of channel sandstone are quantitatively calculated. The results show that the dip angle of lateral accretion interlayers within a point bar is 4-6° and the ratio of width and depth of a meandering river is 18-22 and the planar width is about 50m. These quantitative parameters provide important foundation for next detailed study on sedimentary features of underground reservoir. At the same time they provide significant guidance for well pattern adjustment.
Development Progress of Surfactants for Chemical Combination Flooding
Authors: Zhu You Yi , Jian Guo Qing , Wang Zhe , Lei Ming , Hou Qing Feng
Published: June 2012

Chemical combination flooding is one of the main enhanced oil recovery (EOR) techniques in China. The key factor of a successful chemical combination flooding application is the development of oil displacement surfactants with good performance. In this paper, the basic requirements of surfactant for chemical combination flooding were introduced, and the development progress of surfactants for chemical combination flooding was reviewed and their application results were shown. With the expanding application of chemical combination flooding in different types of reservoir, the challenge and development direction of oil displacement surfactants were indicated.
Preparation and Evaluation of Polymeric Pour Point Depressant for Crude Oil
Authors: Gu Xue Fan , Ma Yun , Chen Gang
Published: June 2012

A series of polyacrylate ester (PAE) was prepared by free-radical polymerization. The PAEs were used as pour point depressant for crude oil from Yumen Oil Field. PAE12 and PAE18 showed potent activity for 2# and 4# samples under the concentration of 500 ppm with the highest Δ pour point of 10-13°C. In the further study, the effect of the concentration on the pour point was investigated.
Wax Precipitation Research of Crude Oil by Differential Scanning Calorimeter
Authors: Zhang Jie , Sun Yan , Tang Ying , Chen Gang
Published: June 2012

Thermal characters behavior of five crude oils samples covered a wide range of fluid composition and properties were studied by differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). By comparing with standard alumina method, it is proved that checking the paraffin recovery ratio in kerosene solution containing different concentration wax by thermal method is feasible.
Study on New 3-(2H)-Pyridazinones Derivtives
Authors: Li Hong Sen , Zhao Lin Jing , Tang Jia Rong , Cheng Yi Zhe , Chen Jie , Zheng Zhi Yi , Sun Hai Lin
Published: June 2012

A series of novel pyridazinone derivatives was designed and synthesized. Insecticide activities of 7 pyridazinone derivatives were evaluated. The Preliminary bioassy test showed that compounds exhibited mild activity or moderate activity against Oriental armyworm at 200mg L-1
Recovery of Petroleum Sulfonate from Wastewater by Extractive Crystallization
Authors: Feng Zi Yan , Li Qing Song , Song Yu He , Sun Xiao Tong , Sun Lan Yi
Published: June 2012

Extractive Crystallization was used to recover petroleum sulfonate from wastewater. The simple process significantly reduced power consumption. Ethanol, isopropanol and n-butanol were used as extractant to recover petroleum sulfonate and remove ammonium sulfate. This work systematically studied the effect of different extractants for the wastewater. The results showed that: the crystallization ratio of n-butanol was much lower than that of ethanol and isopropanol with a certain solvent ratio at room temperature, but the purity of the petroleum sulfonate extracted by n-butanol was much larger than that of ethanol and isopropanol. Petroleum sulfonate recovery was in the order of ethanol ＞isopropanol ＞n-butanol. Therefore, suitable extractant and solvent ratio were selected based on different product requirements, which achieved the dual purposes of removing ammonium sulfate and recovering petroleum sulfonate.
Separation of Butanes and Butylenes by Extractive Distillation with MEK/NFM Mixed Solvent
Authors: Han Xiao Li , Feng Yong Mei , Ren Wan Zhong , Chen Xiao Ping , Xu Wen You , Wang Wen Hua
Published: June 2012

The feasibility of methyl-ethyl-ketone (MEK) and N-formylmorpholine (NFM) as combination solvent for separation of butanes and butylenes by extractive distillation was investigated. Based on the thermodynamic studies and laboratory data, five butylenes-enriching plants of 30,000 t/a scale were established. The concentration of butylenes product were 97% (wt%), and the recovery of butylenes achieved was 90%. Antifoam agent was employed to prevent the solvent from foaming and worked effectively. As compared with NFM/MOR (morpholine) solvent system or DMF, MEK/NFM solvent system showed advantages such as low bottom temperature of strip column and low toxicity. Further comparison with ACN (acetonitrile) solvent system indicates that MEK/NFM system presented low residue in top production.
Study on Interface Behaviour of the Weak Alkali Ternary System
Authors: Wu Wen Xiang , Wang Li Min , Zhang Dong
Published: June 2012

Interfacial tensions between the weak alkali ternary system with surfactant SHSA-HN6 and Henan crude oil were measured. The effects of adding Na2CO3 and Na2CO3 concentration, SHSA-HN6 and polymer concentration on interfacial tensions were examined. The results showed that the interfacial tension reduction effect of the weak alkali ternary system was better than that of the alkali-free binary system, and the ultra-low interfacial tension （10-3 mN/m order of magnitude）for weak alkali ternary system could be reached more rapidly; the influence of polymer concentration changes on static interfacial tension of the weak alkali ternary system was small and the higher the polymer concentration was，the longer the time to reach ultra-low interfacial tension was; the interfacial tension can still be ultra-low when concentration of every component was reduced simultaneously in the weak alkali ternary system; adding Na2CO3 not only can reduce the interfacial tension and but also plays a role of sacrificial agent.
Numerical Simulation of the Swirl Flow Effect on the Cold Condition Characteristic of Entrained Flow Gasifier
Authors: Wu Zhi Qiang , Wang Shu Zhong , Chen Lin , Zhao Jun , Meng Hai Yu
Published: June 2012

The swirl flow could enhance the turbulent mixing and promote the slagging in the entrained flow gasifier. In recent research, the effect of swirl flow on cold flow characteristic of entrained flow gasifier was neglected or simplified. To address this, a three-dimensional computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulation was presented to investigate the effect of swirl flow on the cold flow characteristic of entrained flow gasifier. Several control parameters, i.e., the diameter and injection velocity of nozzles, were found to significantly affect swirl intensity and velocity distribution in the entrained flow gasifier. Our numerical simulation provides an effective way for researchers or engineers to optimize and scale up the gasifier and nozzle.
Analysis and Optimization of Material Flow and Energy Flow in the Coking-Steel Co-Production System
Authors: Li Hong Fu , Liu Shuo Yun , Zhao Li Hua , Bai Hao , Cang Da Qiang , Zhou Gui You
Published: June 2012

In this paper, material and energy flow in the coking process were analyzed and thus the possibility of resource and energy efficiency increase was pointed out. Considering the unreasonable structure of coking industry currently, a novel model of coking-steel co-production system was built and its advantages were analyzed in the respects of the use of coal gas, waste heat and coal resources. The results show that the coking-steel co-production system has the more obvious advantages than the traditional coking process.
Calculation of Magnetic Field of the 168 kA Aluminum Reduction Cell with ANSYS
Authors: Jiang Yan Li , Yu Liang , Feng Nai Xiang
Published: June 2012

The magnetic field of the 168 kA aluminum reduction cell was calculated with the software ANSYS in our study. The calculated results showed that the magnetic line of the aluminum and electrolyte in cell formed a clockwise swirl. The X and Z magnetic intensity of aluminum was similar with the antisymmetric distribution and the magnetic intensity vector of aluminum reduced along the -Z axis. The X, Y and Z magnetic intensity in the electrolyte under the anode bottom was similar with the antisymmetric distribution along short axis (Y axis), long axis (X axis) and short axis (Y axis), respectively. The magnetic intensity vector of electrolyte in the gap of the anode was higher than that under the anode bottom. The X and Z magnetic intensity in the interface of melt was also similar with the antisymmetric distribution. The numerical simulations with ANSYS have the important references for project analysis and diagnose.
Lithium Extraction Mechanism from α-Spodumene by Fluorine Chemical Method
Authors: Kuang Ge , Chen Zhi Bin , Guo Hui , Li Ming Hao
Published: June 2012

In order to decrease lithium extraction cost, pollution and energy. A new and efficient technology was particularly discussed in this paper, the fluorine chemical method to extract lithium from spodumene. The reaction mechanism had also been analysed by studying the crystal structure variation and reaction products. The results show that hydrofluoric acid corroded α-spodumene in low temperature, damaged the compact chemical bonds: Li-O, Al-O, Si-O, and Al-O-Si, and generated Li3AlF6 and AlF3, which can be dissolved in sulfuric acid. Our research provides theoretical guidance for the lithium extraction process from α-spodumene.
Pressure Leaching of Limonitic Laterite Ores in H2SO4-Mg(NO3)2 Medium
Authors: Ma Bao Zhong , Wang Cheng Yan , Yang Wei Jiao , Yin Fei , Chen Yong Qiang
Published: June 2012

A limonitic laterite ore from Indonesea was treated by pressure leaching in H2SO4-Mg(NO3)2 medium, using Mg(NO3)2 as an oxidant. Experiments were conducted in order to determine the optimum conditions by studying various parameters, including Mg(NO3)2/ore mass ratio, initial acidity, reaction temperature, holding time and liquid/solid ratio. Pressure leaching experiments showed that nickel, cobalt and iron extractions were 90.8 %, 91.9 % and 2.1 % after 60 min of leaching at 493 K with 0.06 g/g Mg(NO3)2/ore mass ratio, 140 g/L initial acidity and 2 mL/g liquid/solid ratio.The total decrement of acid consumption was 72 g H2SO4/kg ore in the presence of Mg(NO3)2.
Study on the Effect of Sm2O3 Particle on Crystal Grain Size and Inclusion of Low Carbon Steel
Authors: Peng Jun , Li Yang Bing , Wang Jian , Guo Rui Hua , An Sheng Li , Zhao Wei Dong
Published: June 2012

The second phase particle in steel can refine crystal grain and improve performance of steel products. In the paper, how Sm2O3 particle affecting on inclusion and crystal grain size of steel product was studied by adding Sm2O3 particle into steel. The result shows the Sm2O3 particle will not agglomerate and the content of inclusion in steel will not increase when the particle size is lower than 1.47μm while the content of inclusion will increase obviously when the size is higher than 3.41μm. The Sm2O3 particle can combine with sulfide inclusion and deoxided product, which has the same function as adding rare earth alloy into steel partially. So the Sm2O3 particle can refine the size of crystal grain of cast structure. The degree of crystal grain was reduced from level 2 to level 4-4.5 and the average size of crystal grain was reduced from 180μm to 90-75μm. And it can also reduce the size of crystal grain of rolled structure. The degree was reduced from level 6.5 to level 11 and it will decrease with increasing of adding content of Sm2O3 particle. The best economic and technical norms can be got when the l size of Sm2O3 particle is 1.47μm and the adding content is 0.5% of the content of metal.
Biomarker Molecular Indicators Predict Biodegraded Heavy Oil Physical Properties: A Case from Dongying Depression, Eastern China
Authors: Chen Zhong Hong
Published: June 2012

To determine reliable molecular thermal maturity parameters for prediction of the physical properties of biodegraded oils, a suite of oils including 11 biodegraded oils from Caoqiao oilfield and 5 non-biodegraded oils from Wangjiagang oilfield in Dongying depression in Bohai-bay basin, eastern of China were analyzed. The oils were selected in a wide range of viscosity in order to investigate the relation between the parameters and oil properties. The data show the effects of biodegradation on some molecular thermal maturity parameters: C29 sterane parameters C2920S/(20S+20R) and C29ββ/(ββ+αα) increased apparently under heavy biodegradation (rank 6~7); parameters C3122S/(22S+22R), C3222S/(22S+22R), C293-methyl/C29 4-methyl, (C28+C29Tricyclics)/Ts and (C28+C29Tricyclics)/ (C28+C29Tricyclics +Ts) showed effects from heavy biodegradation (rank 6~7), and terpanes parameters Ts/(Ts+Tm), C29Ts/(C29Ts+C29Tm) and aromatic C20/(C28+C20), (C20+C21)/(C20+C21+C26+C27+C28) and D(3-6)/(D3-6+ C29 4-methylstigmastane 20R showed no effect from heavy biodegradation. Based on the comparison, the molecular maturity parameters C26 to C28 triaromatic parameters C26S/ (C26S+C28S), C27R/(C27R+C28R), C28/(C26+C27+C28) and tricyclic terpanes parameters C19/(C19+C23) were recommended to predict the physical properties of biodegraded oil for these parameters showed no effects from biodegradation(rank 6~7) and better relations with oil physical properties compared to other parameters. Some quantificational equations between these molecular thermal maturity parameters and the physical properties of biodegraded oils were inferred, which may assist in predicting the viscosity and API gravity of reservoired oils before production.
Predicting Winter Wheat Grain Quality Using Hyperspectral Data Based on Plant Nitrogen Status
Authors: Wang Hui Fang , Wang Ji Hua , Feng Mei Chen , Wang Qian , Huang Wen Jiang , Shi Zong Tao
Published: June 2012

Quality of winter wheat from hyperspectral data would provide opportunities to manage grain harvest differently, and to maximize output by adjusting input in fields. In this study, two varieties winter wheat as the object, hyperspectral data were utilized to predict grain quality. Firstly, the leaf and stem nitrogen content at winter wheat anthesis stage was proved to be signification correctly with crude content and wet gluten. And the leaf relatedcoefficient more than stem at the anthesis. Then, spectral indices significantly correlated to plant nitrogen content at anthesis stage were potential indicators for grain qualities. The vegetation index, VI derived from the canopy spectral reflectance was signification correlated to the leaf nitrogen content at anthesis stage, and highly significantly correlated to the leaf nitrogen content. Based on above analysis, the predict grain quality model were build and the related coefficient were 0.86, 0.68, 0.84, 0.58 which were reached a very significant.The result demonstrated the model based on SIPI and RVI to predict different cultivars wheat grain quality were practical and feasible.
The Comparative Study of Three Press Methods on Tropical Folwer
Authors: Guo Yi Ni , Zhang Yan , Wang Jian , Huang Ye
Published: June 2012

This article uses three methods, and let the flowers in different conditions.The first,natural conditions are in the average temperature of 25 degrees in the dry environment press 4 days;The second is 40% microwave power press 120s; The last,constant temperature 55 C, 12h .The test is about 40 kinds of tropical flowers that are suppressed, and the use of sensory evaluation and color difference meter calculation and analysis, to find out a good material under a certain condition without protecting color, after drying can still maintain good color and shape. Develop the dried material resource, expand the natural industry market.
The Research on Growthtraits of Alfalfa Irradiated by 12C6 + Ion Beam
Authors: Wang Shu Yang , Yan Li , Zhang Xiang Yang , Li Jin Hua , Li Wen Jiang , Liang Jian Ping , Li Qin Fang , Yu Cheng Jun
Published: June 2012

This study uses" HIFRL" type in the intermediate energy heavy ion accelerator (Institute of modern physics of Chinese Academy of Sciences provides) 12C6+ ion beam through mutagenesis. Three alfalfa seeds are irradiated by dose of 0Gy, 200Gy, 400Gy, 800Gy and 1200Gy. The germination experiment of alfalfa seed has been done in the laboratory. And in the field, The germination rate , plant height and branch number of planting experiment in the field have been preliminarily observed. The results show that three kinds of alfalfa seeds irradiated at 200Gy not only improve the germination rate, but also enhance the vitality of seeds. The germination rate , plant height and branch number of three different alfalfa irradiated by heavy beam ion have been changed. The germination rate of ZhongLan No. 1 was 41.7% when the seed of alfalfa were irradiated at dose of 200Gy, which was increased 18.4% compared with the control group. The average height of growth of 40 days alfalfa in ZhongLan No. 1 was 6.68cm in the radiation dose of 800Gy, which was increased 1.2cm compared with the control group. The number of branches Tacheng alfalfa was increased the 0.91 (5.16vs 4.25, P <0.001) by irradiated of 400 Gy ; Branch number in BC-04-744 alfalfa was increased 0.53 (4.69 vs 5.22, P <0.05) in the radiation dose 200Gy; The number of branches in ZhongLan No. 1 was increased 0.92 (5.02 vs 5.94, P <0.001) when seeds were irradiated at dose of 800Gy .which has great significance of practical guidance for breeding alfalfa seeds and solving the problem of low breeding capacity of wild grass seed .
Aqueous Two-Phase Extraction of Flavonoids from Artemisia Argyi Leaves Using an Ethanol-Ammonium Sulfate System
Authors: Xie Ma , Guo Yang , Li Li
Published: June 2012

The potential of aqueous two phase extraction for the isolation and purification of flavonoids from Artemisia argyi leaves is investigated. Influence of the process parameters such as type of phase forming salts, concentration of salt and ethanol, added salt and temperature was studied. 30% ethanol/18.87% (NH4)2SO4 system was found most suitable for the extraction. The ethanol and salt concentration were found to significantly affect the flavonoids recovery and partition coefficients. The recovery of 93.16% was obtained at the selected process conditions. The results demonstrated the feasibility of aqueous two phase extraction for the isolation and purification of flavonoids.
The Characteristics of Palaeogeomorphology in Ek1 and the Lower Part of Es4 of the Paleogene in Dongying Depression and its Significance to Petroleum Geology
Authors: Liu Li An , Han Jian Bo
Published: June 2012

By using the data of drilling and logging and other materials, the contour graph of the thickness of the remnant strata can be worked out. After the compaction restoration of the graph, the original sedimentary thickness of the First Member of Kongdian Formation(Ek1) and the Lower Part of the Fourth Member of Shahejie Formation ( lower Es4) can be obtained and their palaeogeomorphology can be reconstructed. The research results show that palaeogeomorphology has an obvious control on the sedimentary systems of Ek1 and lower Es4. In the areas with higher mountains and steeper slopes in the northern basin, there mainly develop nearshore subaqueous fans while in the south of the basin, there mostly develop alluvial fans.
The Analysis of Selenoprotein and Se-Polysaccharide in Selenium-Enriched Lentinan edodes
Authors: Wu Yun , Ding Li , Li Su Ping , Zhang Ze , Wu Yu Lian
Published: June 2012

The cultivation of Lentinan edodes as a carrier for Se, low concentrations of sodium selenite solution were added directly to the medium to inorganic selenium be absorbed into the mushroom body, and selenium-enriched Lentinan edodes can be got. Using selenium-enriched mushrooms as raw material, it was preliminarily studied that patterns of occurrence of selenium and the contents of Selenoprotein and Se-polysaccharide in their fruiting bodies of mushrooms. Various extraction solvents were used to distill and separation Se-polysaccharide and Se-protein of the Lentinan edodes, and atomic absorption spectrometer was used to determine the selenium contents of all component parts. The results showed that Lentinan edodes have the ability of enrichment selenium and can transform inorganic selenium in the environment into organic selenium. The main group of Selenium is organic state. The selenium in protein occupied the total selenium 40.09%, In the four components of selenium protein, water-soluble proteins of selenium is main (21.65% of the total selenium).The selenium in polysaccharide occupied the total selenium 27.83%. Mass fraction of acid-soluble Se-polysaccharide than in water-soluble Se-polysaccharide and alkali-soluble Se-polysaccharide is higher (13.52% of total selenium). The main distributed form of the selenium is from the organic matter in the analyzed Lentinan edodes, the combined selenium in protein was higher.
Analysis of Influence Characteristics on Slope Stability of Underground Mining in Slope Outer Zone
Authors: Sun Shi Guo , Yang Hong , Zhang Zhan Bin , Zhang Tian Wen , Wang Chun Sheng
Published: June 2012

Under the action of surface-underground unite mining, Slope stability is related to underground mining location and mining space dimension, This paper studies the underground mining of slope outer region on slope stability influence characteristic; With the increase of mining width stability coefficient increases, when mining width reach a certain value stability coefficient tends to constant; With the increase of mining depth stability coefficient increases, when mining depth reaching a certain value stability coefficient began to decrease; this show that the underground mining has a direct effect on slope stability, its size needs a combination of their relative spatial position relation and mining geometric size to determine.
Path Analysis on the Influence Factors of Construction Carbon Emissions and Policy Implications for Jiangsu in China
Authors: Tang Jian Rong , Zhang Bai Yu , Wu Li Juan
Published: June 2012

The historical experience from developed countries shows that carbon emissions, with the process of urbanization, will exceed the construction industry, transport and other sectors of society and eventually occupy the first. So, it not only has practical significance, but has far-reaching strategic significance to transform the high-carbon construction into low-carbon. The paper describes the direct, indirect and general influences of the construction carbon emissions based on the path analysis and the related statistic data of Jiangsu Province from 1998 to 2007. It provides an effective guidance for the budget and control of the low-carbon development path with the detailed analysis on each factor’s influence and mechanism.
System Analysis of Circular Economy Development in Coal Mining Area
Authors: Geng Dian Ming , Li Jin Ke , Liu Jia Xiang , Song Xiao Lu
Published: June 2012

Coal mining area ecology industrial chain (nets) is an industry networked economic organization based on the mode of circular economy; industries and environment are related through energy flow to form a "nutrition" relationship between the mining industries. Through the optimized analysis of mine area eco-industry, when surplus scale of the active industry unit exceed absorption scale the passive industry unit, passive industry unit scale enlarge and the excess material are disposed outside the industry chain (nets); otherwise, it should reduce the passive industry unit scale or obtain the surplusage from the outside of industry chain (nets); When both of them are equal, the industry units of mining area eco-industrial chain (nets) are in coordination state. Coal mining area circular economy has three practical modes: ecotype coal circular economy unit, ecotype coal circular economy park and ecotype coal circular economy city.
A Comparative Study with Swedish and China’s Eco-Cities - From Planning to Implementation, Taking the Hammarby Sjöstad, Sweden and Wuxi Sino-Swedish Eco-City, China, as Cases
Authors: Yin Ying , Feng Xiao Xing
Published: June 2012

This paper targets to improve understanding and explain influential factors of different planning and implementing process of two eco-cities, Hammarby Sjöstad, Sweden, and Sino-Swedish Low-carbon Eco-city, China. The study is approached by examining and comparing the two eco-cities in perspectives of plans formulation, policy and regulations foundation, planning management and implementing mechanisms. Lessons from Hammarby Sjöstad are that integrative planning and management, follow-up and evaluations of implementing results, and lifestyle transitions all need to be concerned, as well as environmental technologies. In Sino-Swedish low-carbon eco-city, lack of local technologies, supporting policies and regulations, inactive cross-sector cooperation and public participation are summarized as main obstacles. To approach these, efforts are made on formulating local regulations, government documents, and coordinating cross-sector cooperation, promoting mutual learning. Finally, concluding that, besides environmental technologies, the foundation of legislations, policies and environmental objectives, integrative approaches, public awareness are key areas need to be promoted for popularizing sustainability in China.
Research on Inventory Control of Colliery Material
Authors: Qin Chong , Zhou San Yuan
Published: June 2012

System dynamics model of colliery material inventory control, containing chief storage and mine supermarket, was created in this paper. Controllable variables in the model includes chief storage’s inventory, mine supermarket’s expect inventory and mine supermarket’s receive delay time. After adjusting and coordinating them, outcome of simulation, analysis and comparison of the effect variables bring to the colliery material inventory control, value range and best point of the variables will be available, and the optimized scheme contains fulfilling producing material demand, reducing chief storage’s inventory and total inventory of material, decrease colliery material inventory cost will be feasible.
Analysis on the Ecological Compensation in China's Water Source Protection Zones: A Case Study of the Middle Route Water Source Area of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project
Authors: Liu Chun Xiang
Published: June 2012

Having become the tool to resolve the watershed environmental protection and local development contradictions, ecological compensation has been drawing increasing attention. Conflicts in environmental protection and regional development of the middle route water source area of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project urgently need to be resolved by the ecological compensation. However, the ecological compensation remains unsound yet. The author of this paper introduces the existing ecological compensation policy of the middle route water source area, analyzes main problems existing in ecological compensation policies in the middle route water source area, e.g. lack of legislative support for ecological compensation, insufficient researches on compensation standards, limited channel of funds and unsound evaluation mechanism and ultimately puts forward some suggestions on the improvement of ecological compensation policies of the water source area.
Influence of Industrialization and Urbanization on China’s Energy Consumption
Authors: Ma Heng , Du Jie
Published: June 2012

By taking energy consumption as the dependent variable, urbanization and industrialization and energy prices as independent variables, a model of multivariate linear regression is built to estimate the influence of urbanization and industrialization on energy consumption. The results show that GDP, proportion of industrial added value in GDP, and the proportion of urban residents will increase China's energy consumption; the proportion of tertiary industry in GDP will reduce the energy consumption; and there is a negative time trend of energy consumption because of the influence of technological progress and energy policy. China’s energy consumption in 2015 is predicted by the regression equation with some goals of urbanization and industrialization in the 12th Five-Year Plan of China. The prediction shows that energy consumption will maintain an average growth rate of about 6% during the period of 12th Five-Year. At last, China’s energy policies are analyzed from the industrial structure, energy price and energy saving technology and so on according to the results of linear regression model.
System Dynamics Simulation and Adjustment on Coal Resource Utilization Based on Circular Economy
Authors: Hao Yan Hong , Wang Ling Mei , Qiu Li Xia
Published: June 2012

Coal resource utilization system, based on circular economy, is an opening, complex and time-varying system. It composes of subsystems such as industry, population, economy and environment etc. Taking the industry subsystem as prime object, this paper builds its system dynamics model adopting the system dynamics method based on full life cycle. The adjustment parameters such as utilization rate of by-product of mining, the proportion of coal use in each industry and waste recycling rate etc. were confirmed. As a case of coal utilization system being designed, thirteen development projects belong to two types of scenarios were run on the model. The efficacy coefficient method was applied to analyze the simulation results and determine the comparatively best project of coal resource utilization system for the first time. The results indicate that the C4 among them are the best project comparatively, its waste emission is the least, and the benefits of economy, environment and society are the maximum. Research shows that extending industrial chain, increasing production proportion of high added-value product and raising waste recycling rate are beneficial to decrease coal-mining quantity for unit output value, protect coal resource and achieve sustainable development, namely that adopting circular economy development pattern is undoubtedly worthy of advocating for sustainable development of economy, environment and society.
Once More on the Relation of the Roof Collapse in the Stope of a Mine and the Universal Gravitation Effect
Authors: Zhang Li Ming , Zhang Ke Jian , Chen Fu San
Published: June 2012

The phenomenon of great difference of mishap rate for roof collapse in the stope of a mine between day and night has been found in accordance with our observation in operational jobsite and the informations recorded over past 30 years,witch is regarded as a phenomenon of gravitational effect and is in the know by the inference of Newton’s Gravitational Principle that in general no one can explain it clearly by means of “mine pressure”,neverthless the major reason is that the direction of pressure on the stope roof between day and night is oppsite to the direction of the lunar gravitation (normal component force),and after it superposed onto the terrestmal gravity,their composite forces (PC) are different so that the pressure on roof is also various,greater in the night time and lighter in the daytime.this is why the roof collapse occurred in the nighttime is greater than that in the daytime.
The Impacts of Energy Price Fluctuations on China's Agriculture and Rural Economic Development
Authors: Wang Yan , Wang Na , Wu Mei Mei
Published: June 2012

This paper develops a China urban-rural input-output model and applies the input-output price model to evaluate the impact of rise in energy price on fluctuations of agricultural products prices and urban-rural income and expenses. The results show that energy price rises may lead to the rise of agiricultural products price by 26-47%. With rise in energy price, the net profit of agriculture hurts in those coastal provinces and some central provinces who have higher intensification, while the net income of agriculture benefits in the central and western regions with lower intensification. The consumer surplus both in urban and rural residents is reduced by energy price rise. While the influence of energy price on urban residents is greater than that on rural residents.
The Resource Development of Yulin Energy and Heavy Chemical Industry Base and Re-Thinking Sustainable City Development
Authors: Lei Zhao Feng , Li Bang Yan , Lei Xu Li , He Lun
Published: June 2012

Yulin City, which is rich in energy, is one of the national energy and chemical bases. But with the process of exploitation of resources, it causes serious ecological damage and has grim living environment situation in the local environment. It is in long-term about the sustainable development of city very urgent. This paper analyzes the reputation, ruin and its treatment of the development of energy resources in Yulin City, trying to explore the sustainable development mode which is suit in resource-dependent of area.
A Coordinated Development Evaluation Modeling in Water- Socioeconomy -Environment System
Authors: Kang Yan , Cai Huan Jie , Song Song Bai
Published: June 2012

A coordinated development model in water–socioeconomy-environment system (WSE system) and its application are presented in this paper. Based on complex system theory and the coordinated development idea, a set of indicators is provided with capacity to evaluate coordinated development degree in WSE system. Integrating variable fuzzy set theory (VFS) and entropy weight (EW) into set pair analysis method (SPA), the authors derive SPA-VFS-EW model to describe development degrees of WSE system. Employing coordination theory, the authors develop a coordination model based on Euclidean distance, followed by a coordinated development model. The derived model is applied to assess the coordinated development degree of WSE system in Shaanxi province. The results are found satisfactory. It also indicates that the proposed model in this paper can provide a novel method for evaluating the coordinated development in systems.
A Research and Practice of the Environmental Education System of the Xianghai Nature Reserve
Authors: Jin Hong Yan
Published: June 2012

From the perspective of Environmental Education System of the Xianghai nature reserve, it expounds the significance of the Xianghai nature reserve to the implementation of environmental education, put forward to create the Xianghai nature reserve of small and medium-sized school environment education base, and at the same time, improve protection area in the different groups of environmental awareness level, establishing the Xianghai nature reserves of the modernization of the network platform, to further strengthen the environmental education international projects, and in the process of ecological tourism environmental education concept of countermeasures.
Cooperative Game Model for Sustainable Development of Regional Economy and its Application
Authors: Yang Ji Jun , Han Yong , Xu Chen Hua , Zhao Yu Hua
Published: June 2012

Optimization of regional industrial structure is an important matter for the macroeconomic administration. After analyzing the impact factors of regional industrial structure optimization , cooperative game theory is utilized to establish the optimization model of regional industrial structure in this paper. In the model, the players correspond to the different industries, strategies set to different combinations of industries and the utility function of each industry to the composite function of the proportion of added value , labor productivity and environmental pollution. So the problem of industrial structure optimization is transformed to solve the core of the cooperative game. Then Shapley value algorithm is introduced to seek out the core point. A numerial example for Guangxi is presented to demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the model.
Influence of International Mega Sport Event towards Cognition of Economic, Social-Cultural and Environmental Impact for Residents: A Case Study of the 2009 Kaohsiung World Games
Authors: Huang Hsiu Chin , Lai Yi Hsuan , Chen Lu Sheng , Chang Chia Ming
Published: June 2012

This study focuses on the influence of holding international mega sports events towards the cognition of economic, social-cultural, and environmental impact for residents. Research subjects of this study were residents age 18 to 65 and living in the Kaohsiung area where the 2009 Kaohsiung World Games was held. A total of 437 effective questionnaires were obtained. Results from this study showed that (1) there was significance between different genders in the cognitions of positive economic impact, the positive as well as negative social-cultural impact, and the positive as well as negative environmental impact; (2) there was significance with different age groups in the cognitions of positive as well as negative economic impact, the positive as well as negative social-cultural impact, and the negative environmental impact; (3) there was significance with different residency spans in the cognitions of positive as well as negative economic, social-cultural, and environmental impact; (4) residents are clearly in support of holding major sports events again in the future.
On the Co-Integration between GDP and Water Use in the Weihe River Basin
Authors: Zhang Jin Ping , Tian Hao Ye , You Jin Jun
Published: June 2012

With the method of co-integration, the relationships between GDP and the total water use from 1980 to 2009 in the Weihe River basin are studied. The results show that there is a co-integration relation with a long time between GDP and the total water use.
The Impact of Consumers’ Beliefs on Attitudes and Patronage Intention Toward Green Restaurant in Taiwan
Authors: Liu Ming , Yu Yu Fang
Published: June 2012

Since 1990, the Green Restaurant Association (GRA), a United States based national non-profit organization, has led the green restaurant movement by providing certification for restaurants to become more environmentally responsible. Certification services include rating existing restaurants and food service operations with points in seven environmental categories. The present study intended to employ Fishbein and Ajzen’s Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) to examine and understand the impact of consumers’ beliefs on attitudes and patronage intention toward green restaurant in Taiwan. A total of 389 respondents completed a survey conducted at the downtown hectic transit station of Taipei’s Metro system. The results of a structural equation analysis revealed that consumers’ beliefs of green restaurant positively affected their attitudes and patronage intentions toward green restaurant. Implications and suggestions for future research are discussed.
The Enlightenment by Western Eco-Socialist Ideas on Socialist Harmonious Eco-Construction
Authors: Wang Huan
Published: June 2012

Western Eco-socialist Ideas, combined product between the contemporary western eco-movement and socialist ideas, and important part of new socialist movement in the west, is the rising western social thought of the left wing since the 1960s and 1970s. Broadly speaking, eco-socialism can be divided into three closely-related parts, eco-Marxist theory, eco-socialism (narrowly) theory and the "red-green" political movement theory. Confronted with the increasingly serious eco-crisis, eco-socialism puts forward to build a harmoniously-developing socialist society of between people and nature, between people and people, and between people and society, on the basis of maintaining ecological balance, in establishing a sustainable model of economic development, health and peace of rational consumption mode, and aiming at harmonious interpersonal relationship as the main content. It throws light upon us in the socialist harmonious eco-construction for today. In reference to and on the basis of the ecological socialism valuable ideas, we aim to provide reference for the socialist harmonious ecological construction and development, and finally achieve China's economic, political, cultural and ecological and social harmonious development and progress, which is the purpose of this article.
Research on Urban Ecological Civilization and Low-Carbon Economy in the Yangtze River Delta
Authors: Ye Guo Can , Zhu Cai Hong
Published: June 2012

In the new historical arena, to develop urban ecological civilization is of great importance to promote the urban comprehensive competence for now and in the future, and remains as a developmental trend of the urban modern civilization. The paper, aiming at the Yangtze River Delta (“YRD”), a place of strategic importance in China’s economy, first puts forward many challenges that the urban ecological civilization construction is exposed to during the rapid economic growth in the process of industrialization, including severe issues in resources and the environment, the extensive economic growth, and the high-carbon lifestyle; later, based on the analysis of the relation between the low-carbon economy and the ecological civilization construction, it suggests to promote the urban ecological civilization construction in cities of YRD and to realize the sustainable development by actively developing the low-carbon economy featured in low energy consumption, low emission, and low pollution.
Study of Teaching Assessment Based on BP Neural Network
Authors: Yang Wei Jun , Zhou Ying Jie , Yuan Shuai
Published: June 2012

This paper develops teaching assessment model to resolve the complexity of quality evaluation process of teaching quality, with the structural characteristics and self-learning function of BP neural networks. The concept of teaching evaluation index is quantified to the determinate date as input, teaching effectiveness as output. Through MATLAB software used for the empirical research, it can be found that the method applied to evaluation of teaching quality, not only overcome the subjective factors in the evaluation process, but also receive satisfactory results, has a wide applicability.
Integrated Evaluation of Ship Maneuverability Based on the Method of Maximizing Deviation
Authors: Qu Jun Fei , Bi Yi , Xiao Wen Bin
Published: June 2012

The method of maximizing deviations was carried out for the integrated evaluation of ship Maneuverability in this paper, established the system of integrated evaluation of ship maneuverability, architecture principle of this method and the calculation procedure are illustrated. Applying the method in an integrated evaluation of ship maneuverability for two ship models, the feasibility of the method is proved. It proves that the method of maximizing deviations is maturity in theory as well as precisely and reliably in practice. Providing reference for evaluation of ship maneuverability in engineering design．
Current Situation and Prospect of Coal Backfill Mining Technology
Authors: Lv Wen Yu , Zhang Zhi Hui
Published: June 2012

This paper introduces the classification of the coal backfill mining method and analyzes current technology statuses of several coal backfill mining technologies: waste backfill mining technology, paste backfill mining technology and abscission layer grouting backfill mining technology. Based on the analysis of current backfill mining technology statuses, this paper puts forth that the backfill mining technology should focus on the problem of the lack of coal backfill mining capacity, research on the role of backfill mining rock movement needing to be strengthened, filling efficiency and economy needed to improved through reasonable optimization of backfill mining parameter, so it can provide the theoretical basis for backfill mining design.
Experimental Study on the Impact of Temperature on Coal Electric Parameter
Authors: Li Xiang Chun , Liu Wen Bo , Nie Bai Sheng , Li Zhan Jun , Wang Yong Jie , Li Li
Published: June 2012

The experiment studied the variation of coal electric parameter using coal electric parameter testing system designed and processed by themselves. Raw coal sample and moulded coal sample were chosen as the study object. Studies have shown that the resistivity of coal sample decreases with increasing temperature. The resistivity of raw coal decreases significantly as the temperature increases, while the extent of decrease in moulded coal small. The dielectric constant of coal body decreases with increasing temperature. At the same temperature, the dielectric constant and the resistivity of moulded coal are both smaller than that of the raw coal. There are some theory and reference value of the experimental results for predicting coal and gas outburst with electromagnetic radiation.
Geohazard Forecasting in Mining Area Based on Grey Model
Authors: Ding Feng , Shao Long Yi , Li Zhao Bin , Zhang Feng Lan
Published: June 2012

This paper studied a forecasting method of geological hazard in loess plateau mining area, by making use of a grey system theory and building grey model, it is expected that in 2018, the loss statistics of mining geology hazard in the area will increase steadily, the loss of water-inrush, slag, ground subsidence, landslide collapse and ground crack will reach relatively 623,480 dollars, 879,346 dollars, 75.833 km2/103km2, 811.295*104m3, 597,761 dollars in 2018. The prediction results provided geological bases for the economic and social sustainable development, ecological environment construction and protection.
Application of Neural Network in Surface Movement and Deformation Analysis
Authors: Guo Zhong Ping , Chen Dao Zhi , Zhang Tao
Published: June 2012

In order to make a comprehensive and accurate prediction of surface movement and deformation in the thin coal seams mining under buildings, mathematical model of the selection of rock movement parameter is established by the way of artificial neural network; ground surface movement and deformation is predicted and analyzed through probability integral method, mining scheme of the thin coal seams mining under buildings in a coal mine is determined.