bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DEVELOPMENT OF MUSIC CULTURE IN THE WESTERN REGION OF THE UKRAINIAN PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC (1918–1919)
Authors:   Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Ukraine, Kindratiuk Bohdan
Published: May 2022

This is the first scientific study with an aim to systematically describe the development of components of multinational musical culture in the Western Region of the Ukrainian People’s Republic (ZOUNR). The methodology of our study is also based on the interpretation of new materials. Analysis of facts and systematization of information on the development of music as a subject of research confirm the hermeneutic nature of this study. The application of the historical and anthropological approach reinforces one of the reasons for the emergence of musical works and the development of this genre of art as interdependent parts of the systemic process “creation – performance – perception”. The scientific novelty of the article lies in the study of the manifestations and nature of musical culture in ZOUNR. The development of music was defined by the spiritual uplift of Ukrainians as a result of the proclamation of their independent state, the need to fight for it at the front and in the rear. The activation of artistic life was facilitated by the freedom of public self-validation through music and thanks to it. Works with civic and patriotic content became especially relevant. Church music had its own features. The increase in the number of Ukrainian soldiers has diversified national military music-making. The song repertoire was enriched by works created or reworked at that time. There were many performances by professional artists, and notes were printed as well. The fact that the money they earned were transferred to the wounded and widows stimulated the development of the skills of the performers at concerts, caroling, and parties. The development of music was facilitated by the demand for theatrical performances and music criticism. At that time, a style of “musical Biedermeier” was in its third stage of development. In modern circumstances, art performed its inherent social and cultural functions well both at the front and in the rear. Conclusion. The activities of the ZOUNR citizens in the field of culture testified to the high importance of musical art during the war. Essays on its development give grounds for asserting the fact of a significant contribution of this period to the history of Ukrainian music.
THE SYSTEM STUDY OF CONSCIOUSNESS: THE PROBLEM OF ADEQUACY
Authors:   Odessa National Medical University, Ukraine, Lyashenko Dmitriy
Published: May 2022

Given the complex nature of consciousness, many agree that in order to study it properly we need a non-reductive, pluralistic and synthetic (i.e. systemic) approach. Despite the relative popularity of the systems methodology in the vast field of the study of consciousness, system approach (i.e., modeling something as a system) is very well used for a reductive purposes, and there is no consensus on the issue of a clear understanding of the non-reductive use of one or another system approach in area. Hence, the purpose of my research is methodological reflection on the problem of the adequacy of the system approach for the non-reductive deliberation on the problem of consciousness. I formulate criteria of adequacy in a form of three principles that should be followed in any non-reductive (not just systemic) study of consciousness. The principle of structural-ontological (or metaphysical) neutrality is the first one. This principle suspends all metaphysical solutions to the problem of consciousness and plays the role of a necessary precondition. Many pointless disputes in the field could be avoided if the disputing parties adhered to this principle. The second principle of differentiation of ontic modes of experience and epistemic perspectives retains the multifaceted complex structure of consciousness after it is stripped of its metaphysical baggage. The principle of embodiment adds some feedback dynamics to the story. At the next step I implement the principles of adequacy in a particular case of the General parametric systems theory, developed by a philosopher and logician Avenir Uyemov. The conceptual foundations of this theory in relation to its compliance with the criteria of adequacy are revealed. It turns out that two of three principles exist at the meta-language of the theory. The principle of neutrality follows by definition of the General system theory – i.e., theory applicable to all kinds of systems. And the principle of embodiment exists as a feedback of the substrate to the structure of a system. The principle of differentiation in this case is the most crucial. If this theory is not enriched at the level of object-language with epistemic perspectives and ontic modes of experience, then we won’t get a no-reductive explication of consciousness, even if it remains systemic by definition. In the end I give a systemic definition of consciousness through its basic feature which is (I conjecture) modeling of reality or different kinds of experience through epistemic perspectives, where complex structural ontology of consciousness ‘in-forms’ or structures its epistemology, which in turn models it in accordance with the needs of a conscious system.
Assessment of Bholari River Sand for its Geotechnical Characterization as Fine Aggregate
Authors: Khan Adnan , Arif Salman , Khan Sumaira Asif
Published: May 2022

Present study is aimed at assessment of Bholari river sand for its geotechnical characterization and suitability as fine aggregate which is being quarried in Jamshoro district, Sindh, Pakistan. For this purpose, sand samples (n=11) were collected from quarry sites and main river channel. Physical properties reveal that Bholari sand is mainly coarse to fine in size (0.2 mm-5 mm). Average values of fineness modulus, specific gravity, bulk density and void content of collected samples are 2.58, 2.56, 1659.90 kg/m3 and 35.12% respectively which varied within the corresponding permissible ranges of ACI (American Concrete Institute). Carbonate content of about 57.59% is also in agreement with corresponding range for fine aggregate. Petrographic examination revealed that Bholari River sand mainly comprises of quartz and rock fragments with subordinate limestone fragments. As per classification of Dott (1964), Bholari sand is lithic arenite where quartz (50%) occurs as main mineral followed by rock fragments (30%), feldspars (15%) and other opaque minerals (5%). Texturally, the sediments are angular (77%) to sub-round (33%). All these physical properties lie within the range set by National Highway Authority (NHA) and American Standard of Testing Material (ASTM). It is concluded that Bholari River sand is suitable for use in concrete mixed with cement and asphalt.
Productivity and profitability of different crops under the fertigated hydroponic condition
Authors: Tessema Tesfaye Atumo  , Milkias Fanta Heliso  , Derrebe Kassa Hibebo
Published: May 2022

Fodder production competition increased due to ever-increasing human pressure on land for the production of food crops and hydroponic fodder production could be the one option to commit the problem. Five crops (maize, oats, cowpea, lablab, and common bean) seeds with and without fertigation evaluated for fodder yield laid out in a completely randomized design with three replications at Arba Minch Agricultural Research Center during May-August 2019. Shoot length, seed sprouting ability, and duration, green fodder yield were measured. Cereal grains took longer days to be sprouted than pulses. Pulses especially common beans weighed others in the experiment. All crops in the experiment were found to be suitable for hydroponic fodder production. Partial budget analysis showed that hydroponic fodder production could benefit by 30.8% more than grain production. Hydroponic fodder production could be the option for city agriculture, especially in the smallholder poultry business for young entrepreneurs, less land holding farmers, elders and women, and even other interested groups in urban agriculture. Thus, it is ideal for small business groups and the nutritional aspect may be considered by animal nutritionists further.
Women in science: Leveraging ICT tools for sustainable economic empowerment
Authors: Felix Chukwuma Aguboshim  , Joy Ebere Ezeife  , Ifeyinwa Nkemdilim Obiokafor
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Significant empirical evidence from literature revealed that women constitute half of the world’s human capital. Evidence also shows that women have the potentials to redress gender gaps in all facets of all scientific endeavors if empowered through Information and Communication Technology (ICT), favorable ICT laws, policies, cultures, ethics, and values. Despite these important women virtues, there are numerous pieces of evidence in the literature that support significant gender gaps in internet use (23%), literacy rate (48.6%), pay gap (22%), scientific innovations, etc., resulting majorly from restrictions placed by cultural laws, ethics and values that impose gender sensitive ICT policies, especially in Africa. This study highlights strategies to leverage the economic empowerment of women in Science through ICT adoption, favorable ICT policies, culture, ethics, and values. Methodology: The authors adopted the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) as the conceptual framework for this study. The authors also explored a narrative review methodology where related research findings from peer-reviewed articles are used to draw holistic findings that revealed significant information on strategies for leveraging economic empowerment of women in science through ICT adoption, favorable ICT policies, culture, ethics, and values. Results: Results show that leveraging their literacy abilities for ICT adoption may increase their sociability capital resources thereby advancing sustainable goals for significant national economic development. Discussion: Gender gaps may result among women in science diverting time for circular works, due to unfavorable customary laws, ethics, and values, to meet family responsibilities or having less control over finances, which negatively impact their affordability of ICT facilities. Conclusion: There cannot be effective science education, especially among women without effective leveraging of ICT innovations, literacy, adoption, and usage required to leverage economic empowerment of women in Science.
Amperometric and potentiometric method for the determination of copper (II) in an aqueous medium in-situ
Authors: Mahaman Nazirou GARBA LABO  , Oumarou Farroukou MOUSTAPHA BELLO  , Marou GOUROUZA
Published: May 2022

The objective of this work is to establish new amperometric and potentiometric methods for the determination of copper (II) in an aqueous medium. To achieve this goal, a device for measuring the current intensity and the potential difference as a function of the concentration of Cu (II) has been developed. The current intensity and the potential difference as a function of the concentration of Cu2+ ions were measured. Correlation curves were established. The influence of the distance between the two electrodes, of the pH and that of the conductivity on the intensity of the measured current or on the potential difference was determined. The results obtained show a good correlation on the one hand, between the intensity of the current and the [Cu2+] and on the other hand between the potential difference and the [Cu2+] in the aqueous medium. Analysis of the results indicate that: pH and conductivity have no influence on the linearity of the correlation curves. Better linearity is obtained with a distance of 2 cm between the two electrodes. This study shows the possibility of measuring copper (II) in an aqueous medium by simple amperometry or potentiometry using a probe.
Chemical Characterization in the Production Chain of Permanent Magnets by Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP OES) – Precise Quantification of Nd, Pr, Fe and B in Super-Magnets Samples
Authors: Papai Rodrigo , Torre Karina , Almeida Gilmar , da Silva André , Nagasima Thiago , Jabes Eduardo , Santos Célia , Landgraf Fernando , Luz Maciel
Published: May 2022

Super-magnets, materials whose strong magnetic activity is an attractive differential for the high-tech industry, may have their magnetic performance affected by small variations in their chemical composition. For example, the neodymium and praseodymium content can change the physicochemical properties of the permanent magnets. Aiming at a strict chemical quality control, this work developed an analytical method to quantify the major elements in the materials involved in the production process of didymium (the mixture of neodymium and praseodymium) super-magnets. The simultaneous determination of Nd (401.225 nm), Pr (414.311 nm), Fe (259.837 nm) and B (249.678 nm) in three different sample types (didymium oxide, metallic didymium and (Nd,Pr)-Fe-B alloy) was performed by sample dissolution in acidic media, followed by instrumental measurements using an Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometer. Linear calibration curves were obtained with high coefficient of determination (0.9983 ≤ R2 ≤ 0.9999) and with appropriate limits for determining these elements at the percentage level, reaching detection limits less than 0.07 cg g-1. The precision of the method was improved by weighing of the solutions during all the dilution steps and was evaluated by the coefficient of variation associated to instrumental precision (0.3 – 0.7%), method intermediate precision (1.9 – 3.1%) and also by the typical mass fraction provided as uncertainty (0.04 – 0.20 cg g-1), reaching the pressing need to distinguish the content of the rare earth elements in less than 1 cg g-1. The accuracy of the method was assessed by spiked and recovery test (96-104% for spikes equal to or greater than 0.50 cg g-1) and also by the use of different analytical methods, involving the participation of other laboratories, obtaining an acceptable degree of agreement (85 – 107%).
Penggunaan Metode Guide Note Taking Berbantu Media Video dalam Pembelajaran Muatan Bahasa Indonesia di Sekolah Dasar pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Pratiwi Cerianing Putri
Published: May 2022

This research aims to know the video-assisted note-taking guide method to improve the listening skills of elementary school 1st graders during the covid-19 pandemic. This study is a class action study. Teachers and elementary school 1st graders were the data sources for the study. The data collection techniques used are observations, interviews, and tests. The research procedures in each cycle are (1) action planning, (2) implementation of actions, (3) observations, (4) reflections. To analyze data using qualitative descriptive techniques and comparative descriptive. Based on the research that has been carried out, the research results can be known; namely, the improvement of listening skills of elementary school 1st-grade students after implementing the guide note-taking method assisted video. It is known that before being given the action, there are still many students who completed by 20%. After being given the action in cycle 1, students' grades increased by 75%. In this second cycle, all students have received complete grades.
Kişisel Verilerin Korunması Hukuku ve Bankaların Güven Kuruluşu Olarak Kabul Edilmesi Kapsamında Banka Bünyesinde Gerçekleşen Veri İhlalinin Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: ALIMCI Ezgi
Published: May 2022

Kişilerin temel hak ve özgürlüklerinden birisi olan kişisel verilerin korunması, gelişen teknoloji ve buna bağlı değişen hayat koşulları içerisinde oldukça önemli bir konu hâline gelmiştir. Özellikle hassas kişisel verilerin işlendiği, korunduğu ve saklandığı bankacılık işlemlerinde, bankaların ilgili kişilerin kişisel verilerine karşı gerekli idari ve teknik tedbirleri almaları ve veri ihlallerine karşı bir güvenlik duvarı oluşturmaları, kişilik hakkı olan kişisel verilerin değeri gözetildiğinde oldukça önem arz etmektedir. Ancak bankaların kendilerine duyulan güveni suiistimal etmeleri ve banka çalışanları tarafından sahip oldukları yetkilerin kötüye kullanılması gibi durumların meydana gelmesi ile gerçek kişilere ait bilgilerin hukuka aykırı yollarla üçüncü kişilere aktarıldığı durumlarla karşılaşılabilmektedir. Bu kapsamda çalışmamızda kamu nezdinde güven kuruluşu olarak kabul gören bankalarda meydana gelen veri ihlalleri ve bu ihlallerinin bankalara karşı duyulan güven duygusuna olan etkisi ele alınmaktadır. Günümüzde her ne kadar bankalarda işlenen verilere kanuni düzenlemeler açısından önemli boyutta bir güvenlik sağlanıyor olsa da fiiliyatta bankaların bunu sorunsuz sağlayabilecek bir teknik altyapıya, sisteme sahip olamamalarından ötürü bu kanuni güvenliğin gerçekten sağlanamadığı görülmektedir.
A REJEIÇÃO FAMILIAR AO ATENDIMENTO PEDAGÓGICO DO ALUNO COM DEFICIÊNCIA
Authors: Gomes Ribeiro Joseani Caldas
Published: May 2022

Compreender os fatores que contribuem para a rejeição familiar ao atendimento especializado do aluno com deficiência. Pois, a escola tem sido um veículo de segregação ainda muito presente na sociedade contemporânea. Todavia muitas escolas públicas já assumem o compromisso em ofertar um atendimento adequado as necessidades educacionais do aluno com deficiência, mesmo sendo rejeitado muitas vezes pelas famílias, que certamente não sabem, da importância de seu filho receber o auxílio ao qual tem direito.
Keseimbangan Pasar Uang Dan Pasar Barang Dalam Ekonomi Syariah
Authors: Rajab Nabila
Published: May 2022

Pasar barang merupakan pasar yang dimana tempat bertemunya penawaran dan permintaan atas sebuah barang atau jasa. Biasanya pasar barang ini disebut dengan istilah sektor rill. Keseimbangan pasar uang merupakan kurva yang menghubungkan titik tingkat sebuah pendapatan nasional kepada berbagai macam kemungkinan dari tingkat bunga yang memelihara keseimbangan pasar uang.
Hukum Khamr dalam Islam
Authors: jannah Ghina Raudlotul , Kurniawan Rachmad Risqy
Published: May 2022

Khamr atau yang lebih dikenal dengan minuman keras adalah suatu minuman yang mengandung alkohol dan dapat memabukan, minuman keras adalah hal lumrah dan sudah dianggap biasa pada saat ini hampir di seluruh penjuru duania minuman keras tersebar dengan berbagai jenis nama dan dengan bahan utama yang berbeda, hampir setiap negara mempunyai minuman keras yang terkenal dinegaranya masing masing. Setiap negara juga memiliki peraturan yang berbeda beda tentang meminum minuman keras ini banyak negara yang membolehkan meminum minuman keras tapi dengan syarat tidak mengendara ketika berada di bawah pengaruh minuman keras, sedangkan di indonesia sendiri minuman keras masih di perjual belikan oleh orang orang tertentu. Sedangkan negara negara yang melarang mengkonsumsi minuman keras adalah brunei darussalam dan arab saudi. Minuman keras seperti yang telah di ketahui oleh umum masyarakat adalah sesuatu yang mempunyai pengaruh buruk baik itu untuk tubuh ataupun pikiran kebanyakan orang yang terlalu banyak mengkonsumsi minuman keras atau sudah menjadi kecanduan maka dia akan menjadi emosional dan tidak sabaran serta meminum minuman beralkohol dapat merusak lambung serta mengalami gangguan pencernaan.
Model analisis islam dalam perspektif islam
Authors: amaliyah zahra
Published: May 2022

S-LM terdiri dari LM-IS adalah invesment saving yang berarti pasar barang sedangkan LM adalah Liquidity money yang berarti pasar uang.
Bentuk Bumi Dalam Islam
Authors: Masturoh  , Kurniawan Rachmad Risqy
Published: May 2022

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi dengan adanya perselisihan dari bentuk bumiyang mengakibatkan perbedaan pendapat. Lalu dari hal ini pula menunjukan adanyaperbedaan bentuk bumi sehingga dirumuskan dalam penelitian ini bahwa bagaimanaseorang mengambil keputusan terhadap bentuk bumi dan berbagai perbedaan.Berdasarkan pendapat para ilmuwan beserta orang-orang terdahulu. Dapat disimpulkantujuan dari peneliti ini diajukan untuk menjawab masalah pokok yaitu bagaimanaseorang melakukan penelitian terhadap bentuk bumi, sehingga hasil penelitian ini telahmenunjukan bahwa bentuk bumi itu bulat jika diamati terhadap peristiwa gerhana bulantotal merupakan salah satu cara membuktikan bahwa bumi itu berbentuk bulat. Prosestertutupnya cahaya matahari yang menuju bulan oleh bumi dengan bayangan bumitampak perlahan menutupi permukaan bulan menunjukan bahwa bumi itu bulat.
The Relation of Indonesian Language Learning to the Environment
Authors: Putri Dea Andika
Published: May 2022

Learning Indonesian is familiar with the surrounding environmental conditions. The environment is one of the main factors that can affect a child's language development. Formally, it can be found in Indonesian language learning. Learning Indonesian cannot be separated from language skills, one of which is writingskills. Writing is the most important skill in education, but writing is a difficult skill, comparedto other language skills.
MODEL ANALISIS IS-LM DALAM PERSPEKTIF ISLAM
Authors: Rasti Ardina
Published: May 2022

IS adalah Invesment Saving yang berarti pasar barang sedangkan LM adalah Liquidity Money yang berarti pasar uang.
Keseimbangan Pasar Uang Dan Pasar Barang Dalam Ekonomi Syariah
Authors: Husnah Ismatul
Published: May 2022

Keseimbangan Pasar Uang Dan Pasar Barang Dalam Ekonomi Syariah
Predicting the energy and exergy performance of F135 PW100 turbofan engine via deep learning approach
Authors: Mahmoudi Mohammad Reza , Rabiee Amir Hossein , Alibeigi  , Mosavi Amir
Published: May 2022

In the present study, the effects of flight-Mach number, flight altitude, fuel types, and intake air temperature on thrust specific fuel consumption, thrust, intake air mass flow rate, thermal and propulsive efficiecies, as well as the exergetic efficiency and the exergy destruction rate in F135 PW100 engine are investigated. Based on the results obtained in the first phase, to model the thermodynamic performance of the aforementioned engine cycle, Flight-Mach number and flight altitude are considered to be 2.5 and 30,000 m, respectively; due to the operational advantage of supersonic flying at high altitude flight conditions, and the higher thrust of hydrogen fuel. Accordingly, in the second phase, taking into account the mentioned flight conditions, an intelligent model has been obtained to predict output parameters (i.e., thrust, thrust specific fuel consumption, and overall exergetic efficiency) using the deep learning method. In the attained deep neural model, the pressure ratio of the high-pressure turbine, fan pressure ratio, turbine inlet temperature, intake air temperature, and bypass ratio are considered input parameters. The provided datasets are randomly divided into two sets: the first one contains 6079 samples for model training and the second set contains 1520 samples for testing. In particular, the Adam optimization algorithm, the cost function of the mean square error, and the active function of rectified linear unit are used to train the network. The results show that the error percentage of the deep neural model is equal to 5.02%, 1.43%, and 2.92% to predict thrust, thrust specific fuel consumption, and overall exergetic efficiency, respectively, which indicates the success of the attained model in estimating the output parameters of the present problem.
SUPPORT SISTEM LITERASI, KONSERVASI DAN EKONOMI KERAKYATAN
Authors: Wijayanto Adi
Published: May 2022

Masyarakat Indonesia secara umum saat ini sedangmenghadapi wabah Virus Corona yang berdampak tidakhanya di dunia kesehatan saja namun merambah ke semua lini kehidupan. Banyak permasalahan-permasalahan yang timbul sehingga perlu solusi untuk pemecahan masalah yang dihadapi.Perlakuan terhadap potensi dengan baik dan benar sertasumbangsih keilmuan merupakan salah satu bentuk yang harus dipicu dan dipacu oleh pelaku akademisi pendidikan agar masyarakat bisa mengatasi permasalahan dan terlebih lagi bisa bermanfaat untuk meningkatkan taraf hidup yang lebih baik.
Peran Lingkungan Dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia
Authors: Abyzar Raihan
Published: May 2022

Dalam mencapai keberhasilan belajar, lingkungan merupakan salah satu faktor penunjang. Tempat dan lingkungan belajar yang nyaman memudahkan siswa untuk berkonsentrasi. Dengan mempersiapkan lingkungan yang tepat, siswa akan mendapatkan hasil yang lebih baik dan dapat menikmati proses belajar yang siswa lakukan. Lingkungan dapat diartikan sebagai segala sesuatu yang berada diluar diri anak. Dalam artian lingkungan adalah segala sesuatu yang ada disekitar anak, baik berupa benda-benda, peristiwa-peristiwa yang terjadi maupun kondisi masyarakat terutama yang dapat memberi pengaruh kuat kepada anak didik yaitu lingkungan yang mana terjadi proses pendidikan berlangsung dan lingkungan anak-anak bergaul sehari-hari.
Translating spatial navigation evaluation from experimental to clinical settings - the virtual environments navigation assessment (VIENNA)
Authors: Rekers Sophia , Finke Carsten
Published: May 2022

Spatial navigation abilities are frequently impaired in neurological disorders and they also decline with normal aging. Researchers and clinicians therefore need valid and easy-to-use spatial navigation assessment tools to study the impact of different neuropathologies and prevent relevant cognitive impairments from going undetected. However, current experimental paradigms rarely address which cognitive processes they recruit, often have resource intensive set-ups, and usually require active navigation, e.g., using joystick or keyboard, thus confounding cognitive performance with fine motor skills. Yet, for clinical feasibility, time-efficient paradigms are needed that are informative and easy to administer in participants with limited technical experience and diverging impairments. Here, we introduce the virtual environments navigation assessment (VIENNA), a virtual adaptation of a brief, standardized, and intuitive spatial navigation paradigm (https://osf.io/kp4c5/). VIENNA is designed to assess spatial navigation without episodic memory demands and requires no interface device. We evaluated VIENNA in 79 healthy middle-aged to older participants (50–85 years) and provide evidence for its feasibility and construct validity. Tests of visuospatial and executive functions, but not episodic memory or selective attention were identified as cognitive correlates of VIENNA, even when controlling for participant age and overall cognitive performance. Furthermore, VIENNA scores correlated with subjective navigation ability and age, but not with depressiveness, cognitive complaints, or education. The straightforward administration of VIENNA allows for its integration into routine neuropsychological assessments and enables differentiated evaluation of spatial navigation performance in patients with motor impairments and episodic memory deficits.
Fishing Free-Riders using Altruism: Zero-Sum Fitness Competition in Prey-Predator System
Authors: Hong Jehun , Gu Jain , Lee Yoon Kyung , Hahn Sowon
Published: May 2022

How altruistic behavior evolves despite its evolutionary cost is still an intriguing question. Using Neural Network and Gradient descent algorithms, we proposed a mixed computational model of fitness competition among three artificial agents (predator, altruistic prey, recipient prey), in the zero-sum game environment. We found that altruism emerged without direct reciprocity when the predator invested in altruism aiming to use the prey’s altruistic behavior as “bait” to fish for more prey. For the decisive factor of this mechanism, we demonstrated that the long-term decision-making of a predator enhanced its investment in the prey's altruistic behavior, which leads to a significant increase in altruism and fitness in altruistic prey. We interpreted our findings from economic, evolutionary, and psychological perspectives, connecting zero-sum economies, K-selection, and third-party emotional decision-making to the emergence and maintenance of altruistic behavior.
What does it mean to choose health? Exploring health perceptions and health priorities through photo elicitation
Authors: Palacz-Poborczyk Iga , Chamberlain Kerry , Naughton Felix , Baska Alicja , Luszczynska Aleksandra , Quested Eleanor , Hagger Martin S , Pagoto Sherry L. , Verboon Peter , Robinson Suzanne , Kwasnicka Dominika
Published: May 2022

The aim of this study was to explore health perceptions and priorities. Using a photo elicitation method, participants (N=50) were asked to answer the question: ‘What does it mean to choose health’. Data (original photographs, accompanied by captions) were collected online. We generated and interpreted the main themes associated with common perceptions of health and health-related priorities using polytextual thematic analysis. The health perception themes were: health as a ‘long journey’; health as keeping balance; health as self-acceptance. The main health-related priorities were: enjoyment of activities that are a part of a healthy lifestyle; planning time for rest; need for contact with nature, and supportive relationships. Participants’ reports differed in terms of how Covid-19 was reflected in their perceptions of health behaviours. The findings can support the development of future health interventions by providing evidence for individual health perceptions and priorities.
Creativity and Tradition: Music and Bifocal Stance Theory
Authors: Loui Psyche , Margulis Elizabeth Hellmuth
Published: May 2022

We argue that music can serve as a time-sensitive lens into the interplay between instrumental and ritual stances in cultural evolution. Over various time scales, music can switch between pursuing an end goal or not, and between presenting a causal opacity that is resolvable, or not. With these fluctuations come changes in the motivational structures that drive innovation versus copying.
Addiction, cure or care?
Authors: Chinchella Nicola , Hipolito Ines
Published: May 2022

Addiction has been historically conceived and widely researched as a brain disease. While there has been much criticism of brain-centred approaches to addiction, this paper aims to reject such an approach by applying insights from phenomenology of psychiatry. More precisely, the paper applies Merleau-Ponty’s insightful distinction between the biological and the lived body. In this light, the disease model emerges as an incomplete account of addiction because it captures only its biological aspects. When considering addiction as a brain disorder, it will be shown, research fails to account for the contextual, functional, and emotional aspects of subjective health. It is concluded that, while the disease model is fundamental to understand what happens in the brain, its brain-centred approach is cure-oriented. Tackling the lived body experience, what we label here as care-oriented, allows for a more encompassing therapeutical interaction: for it cares for understanding and treating the psychological feel as bodily experience situated in an environment.
“…Inside of my Home, I was Getting a Full Dose of Culture”: Exploring the Ecology of Indigenous Peoples’ Development Through Stories
Authors: Fish Jillian , Counts Payton K. , Ruzzicone Darien J. , Ogbeide Ighedosa E. , Syed Moin
Published: May 2022

According to the Indigenist ecological systems model (Fish et al., 2020), Native American peoples’ histories and cultures are critical to their development. However, the inclusion of Native peoples’ histories and cultures in their environments is complicated by settler colonialism – a societal structure that seeks to eliminate such important contexts. The exclusion of Native peoples’ histories and cultures in their ecologies can have adverse effects on developmental outcomes (Fryberg & Townsend, 2008; Wexler, 2009). Despite this, Native peoples continue to access their histories and cultures throughout their development to promote their well-being (Hartmann et al., 2019). Though the Indigenist ecological systems model offers theoretical insight into the histories and cultures that contour Native peoples’ environments, there are no empirical studies that examine its most basic claims. The present study addresses this gap in the literature by exploring how historical and cultural contexts intersect with the environments that affect Native peoples’ development. Qualitative analyses of Native peoples’ digital story narratives (n=73) suggest that immediate (e.g., parents, peers, school) and distant (e.g., media, government, policies) environments are the most important to Native peoples’ developmental outcomes. Native peoples indicated that culture figured into their immediate and distant environments to a moderate to prominent extent, whereas history did so to a lesser extent. We discuss the implications of these findings for Indigenous development and recommendations for creating a more equitable developmental landscape via partnerships with Native peoples.
Why patients with persistent physical symptoms continue to worry despite medical reassurance - An experimental study
Authors: Kube Tobias , Riecke Jenny , Heider Jens , Ballou Sarah K. , Glombiewski Julia , Rief Winfried , Barsky Arthur J.
Published: May 2022

In an experimental study, we tested the hypothesis that patients with persistent physical symptoms (PPS) fail to integrate medical reassurance because they engage in a post-hoc devaluation of it, referred to as cognitive immunization. Sixty people with PPS watched a videotaped doctor’s report, which provided medical reassurance for gastroenterological complaints. After the doctor’s report, cognitive immunization was modulated: the cognitive immunization-enhancing condition received a manipulation suggesting that serious diseases can sometimes be overlooked, whereas the cognitive immunization-inhibiting condition received a manipulation underscoring the validity of doctors’ diagnostic assessments. A control condition received no manipulation. In addition, a clinical (i.e., people with major depression; N=32) and a healthy control group (N=37) were included. As evident on all outcome variables, patients with PPS had more difficulty integrating medical reassurance than the clinical and the healthy control group. Within the PPS sample, participants from the cognitive immunization-inhibiting condition rated the likelihood of an undetected serious disease significantly lower than participants from the cognitive immunization-enhancing condition and the control condition. They also reported less emotional concern and a lower desire to seek the opinion of another doctor. Replicating previous research, the results show that people with PPS have difficulty using medical reassurance to revise beliefs about being seriously ill. The present findings are the first to demonstrate that cognitive immunization might be a specific psychological mechanism that underlies these difficulties. The promising results of the inhibition of cognitive immunization suggest a new approach to improve the effects of medical reassurance in clinical practice.
The role of individual characteristics in sustainable food choices: A cross-cultural study between Italy and Turkey
Authors: Migliavada Riccardo , Coricelli Carol , Bolat Esra Emine , Uçuk Ceyhun , Torri Luisa
Published: May 2022

Given the environmental challenge we face globally, a transition to sustainable diets seems essential. However, the cognitive aspects underlying sustainable food consumption have received little attention to date. The aims of this cross-cultural study were: 1) to investigate how impulsivity traits and individuals’ perception of food environmental impact influence their frequency of consumption of animal- and plant-based foods; 2) to understand the modulation of individual characteristics (i.e. generation, sex, BMI, and sustainability knowledge). An online survey investigating impulsivity traits, sustainability knowledge and ratings of diverse food items was designed and administered to respondents from Italy (N=992) and Turkey (N=896). Results showed that Turkish respondents were higher in impulsivity and animal products consumption. Italians, instead, had greater sustainability knowledge and consumed more plant-based foods. Females in both groups reported greater knowledge of sustainability, consistent with previous findings. In terms of generations, the lowest consumption of animal products was reported by Turkish Generation Z and Italian Millennials. In conclusion, this study shed light on the interaction of psychological factors and individual characteristics with the perceived environmental impact of foods. Moreover, the adopted cross-cultural approach allowed to identify several differences in participants' responses ascribable to their different nationalities and gastronomic cultures.
Into the wild… or not: Virtual nature experiences benefit well-being regardless of human-made structures in nature
Authors: Reese Gerhard , Mehner Marie , Nelke Insa , Stahlberg Jasmin , Menzel Claudia
Published: May 2022

Immersive nature experiences increase human well-being. There is now an increasing number of studies suggesting that virtual nature experiences – e.g., within a virtual reality (VR) environment – can evoke comparable benefits. In the current study using VR, we tested whether human-made structures within nature settings hinder such effects of virtual nature experience on well-being. To do so, 67 participants were led through a VR nature surrounding that was either wild and untouched by humans, or was characterized by few inconspicuous human structures (i.e., paths, buildings, walls, bridges). Before and after the intervention, we measured subjective vitality. After the intervention, we assessed perceived restorative outcome. Results revealed that both virtual nature experiences improved participants’ subjective vitality. Across both groups, participants reported relatively high - and similar - levels of restoration. These findings suggest that (virtual) nature experiences can be beneficial even when human-made structures interfere. Thus, irrespective of how pristine the environment is, the beneficial effects of immersive VR nature experiences provide opportunities for restoration when physical nature is inaccessible.
Physiker als Philosophen: Ernst Machs Ökonomie des unrettbaren Ichs
Authors: Wöll Steffen
Published: May 2022

Ernst Mach wird heute weitgehend mit seinen Leistungen auf dem Gebiet der Physik verbunden, etwa der nach ihm benannten Mach-Zahl, der Entdeckung des Dopplereffekts sowie Erkenntnissen innerhalb der Gasdynamik und Wärmetheorie. Mach selbst stets bestritt eine eigene Philosophie entworfen zu haben, indem er seine Analyse der Empfindungen als "Aperҫu" und sich selbst als bloßen "Sonntagsjäger" in philosophischen Gefilden bezeichnete. Tatsächlich aber reicht das Spektrum der vom ihm ausgehenden Wirkimpulse—unter anderem auf Bahr, Musil und Einstein—von der theoretischen und experimentellen Physik über Psychologie und Sinnesphysiologie bis hin zu wissenschafts- und erkenntnistheoretischen Betrachtungen. Der vorliegende Artikel zeichnet am Beispiel von Machs Betrachtungen das Spannungsfeld und die ideengeschichtlichen Überschneidungen zwischen diesen heutzutage oft als konträr und unvereinbar empfundenen Disziplinen nach. Naturwissenschaft und Philosophie, so wird deutlich, sind nicht getrennt voneinander denk- und machbar.
Relational Inequality and the Structures that Disadvantage
Authors: Maroto Michelle Lee , Pettinicchio David
Published: May 2022

This chapter reviews the different dimensions of disadvantage associated with disability while emphasizing the social structures that create and maintain such disadvantages. It reviews quantitative research demonstrating disadvantage in education, employment, income, wealth, and economic security, while noting the drawbacks of deficit accounts that fail to consider the structural dimensions of inequality. Drawing on relational inequality theory, the chapter discusses how ableism, as an institution, supports the unequal distribution of status, resources, and opportunities around disability. It then provides examples of how ableism leads to disparities in higher education, employment, and wealth among people with disabilities, while also emphasizing potential paths for change within these organizations.
TANTANGAN GURU DAN PENGARUH TEKNOLOGI DALAM MENDIDIK DI ABAD 21
Authors: fadhillah Akhmad
Published: May 2022

Perkembangan IPTEK yang pesat di abad 21 salah satunya berimbas pada dunia pendidikan, khususnya pada pendidikan di Indonesia. Salah satu komponen penting dalam pendidikan adalah guru. Guru dalam konteks pendidikan mempunyai peranan yang besar karena guru berada dibarisan terdepan dalam pelaksanaan pendidikan dan berhadapan langsung dengan peserta didik. Untuk mengikuti arus perkembangan IPTEK yang semakin maju, hal ini mendorong sistem pendidikan di Indonesia mengalami banyak perubahan. Menurut (Susilo dan Sarkowi 2018) salah satu perubahan paradigma pembelajaran tersebut adalah orientasi pembelajaran yang semula berpusat pada guru (teacher centered) berubah menjadi berpusat padamurid (student centered). Pada awalnya, dalam kegiatan pembelajaran tugas utama seorang guru adalah mentransfer ilmu pengetahuan kepada anak didiknya, sehingga guru dianggap sebagai sumber utama dalam belajar. Sedangkan di abad 21 ini, guru hanya sebagai fasilitator dengan memberi bahan materi mentah, Dengan adanya perkembangan IPTEK yang semakin maju, guru dituntut untuk mampu berinovasi dan berkreasi dalam kegiatan pembelajaran dengan memanfaatkan teknologi yang ada.
PERAN GURU DALAM PELAKSANAAN PEMBELAJARAN ABAD 21
Authors: Pratika Aulia
Published: May 2022

Pada saat ini, guru menghadapi tantangan jauh lebih kompleks jika dibandingkan dengan era sebelumnya. Guru menghadapi peserta didik yang jauh lebih beragam, materi pelajaran yang lebih kompleks dan sulit, standar proses pembelajaran serta tuntutan capaian kemampuan berfikir siswa yang lebih tinggi. Guru juga dituntut untuk berpikir kritis, tanggung jawab sosial, kemampuan membangun jaringan, kedisiplinan waktu dan aturan serta kecakapan, keterampilan di abad 21. Selain itu, guru juga harus mampu membangun hubungan yang efektif dengan siswa dan komunitas sekolah, menggunakan teknologi untuk mendukung peningkatan mutu pengajaran, serta melakukan refleksi dan perbaikan praktek pembelajarannya secara terus menerus. Guru yang menguasai pengetahuan dan kemampuan beradaptasi dengan teknologi baru dan tantangan global dapat memberikan pengaruh keterampilan dan pengetahuan tersebut kepada peserta didik.
PERAN GURU DALAM TEKNOLOGI DAN TANTANGAN PERKEMBANGAN TEKNOLOGI PENDIDIKAN DI ERA DIGITAL
Authors: Putri Ni Made Febrianti Eka
Published: May 2022

Di abad 21 atau yang sering disebut sebagai era digital, guru memiliki peran yang sangat signifikan dalam pendidikan. Seiring waktu berjalan, tantangan guru di era digital semakin berat dan kompleks. Setiap guru harus mampu menjawab tuntutan perkembangan zaman, dengan terus melakukan update informasi. Tepatnya, di era yang serba digital ini, setiap guru harus mampu beradaptasi dengan cara mengubah metode pembelajaran agar sesuai dengan perkembangan zaman dan tuntutan peserta didik. Era digital telah mengubah pandangan dunia tentang politik, ekonomi, sosial, termasuk juga dalam dunia pendidikan. Khusus dalam dunia pendidikan, era digital sangat mewarnai perkembangan dunia pendidikan. Untuk itu, guru sebagai salah satu stakeholders pendidikan, memiliki peran yang sangat strategis dalam proses pembelajaran di era digital.
Ethnomedicinal Plants of Ghorahi Sub Metropolitan City and their Adjoining Area, Dang, District
Authors: Mishra Ghyandev
Published: May 2022

Ghorahi is situated in the Lumbini Province Mid-Western part of Nepal. The present study was under taken Ghorahi sub-metropolitan city of Dang district indigenous knowledge on plant utilization as natural remedy and documentation of ethnomedical plant. The traditional healers, elder men and teachers were consulted as key information for the documentation of indigenous knowledge on the medicinal plants. The study was accompanied by field visits during this season. The information was taken based on local people’s knowledge. The present study has documented 34 species belongs to 23 families and 31 genera of highly utilized medicinal plants from that area used by local communities. The documentation is based on primary data collected in the field applying PRA, RRA techniques and informal interview followed by collection of plant specimen. These plants were used for the treatment of various ailments. It has been evident from the study most of the tribal group depends upon forest for firewood, fodder, holy applicants (making plates, tapari etc.). It is observed that forest is under heavy interference and its ecosystem have been change rapidly due to forest fire, lopping, grazing, fuel-wood collection etc. Therefore, indicating urgent need for conservation of these resources and indigenous knowledge about medicinal plants.
राशिफलको मनोविज्ञान [The psychology of horoscopes]
Authors: लामिछाने Lanichhane लोमशकुमार Lomashakumar
Published: May 2022

अहिले कुनै पनि व्यक्तिको जन्मकालमा चन्द्रमाको अवस्थाका आधारमा तय गरिने मेष वृष आदि राशिहरू र तिनका फलहरूका बारेमा नसुनेको या चासो नराखेको सायद कोही पनि छैन होला । दुई दशक अगाडिसम्म पनि यो कुरा त्यति धेरै चर्चा एवं जानकारीको विषय थिएन ।  विहान उठ्ने बित्तिकै सञ्चारमा माध्यमहरूमा आफ्नो राशिफल खोज्ने, पढ्ने र फलअनुसारको राम्रो नराम्रो वा तटस्थ मनोभावनाले या कृतिम तटस्थ मनोभावले त्यसमाथि प्रतिक्रिया व्यक्त गर्ने वा अनुभव गर्ने गरेको पाइन्छ । राशिफलले कतिपयको मनस्थितिलाई क्षणिकरूपमा भने कतिपयको मनस्थितिलाई लामो समयसम्म केही न केहीरूपमा सूक्ष्मरूपले प्रभावित गरिरहेको हुन्छ । ज्योतिषशास्त्रमा राशिफलको सैद्घान्तिक आधार के हो र यसले कसरी काम गर्छ भन्ने कुराबारे हामीहरू स्पष्ट नहुँदा यसबाट दिग्भ्रमित हुने, अनावश्यक तनाव व्यहोर्नु पर्ने एवं आर्थिक क्षति समेत हुने अवस्था रहन्छ । ज्योतिषशास्त्रहरूमा ग्रहहरूले आफ्नो आफ्नो कक्षमा भ्रमण गर्दा राशिहरूसँग उत्पन्न हुने कोणीय अन्तरले तत् तत् राशिका व्यक्तिहरूलाई पार्ने प्रभावका बारेमा व्याख्या गरिएको छ । ती ग्रहहरूको गतिले तत् तत् राशिहरू माथि ग्रहको प्रभाव कति समयका लागि रहन्छ भन्ने कुरा निर्धारित हुन्छ । कुनै पनि व्यक्तिलाई ग्रहहरूको जन्मकालिक बलाबल तथा शुभाशुभत्व अनुरूपकै प्रभाव ती ग्रहहरूको गोचरफल
ANALISIS TINGKAT PENGEMBALIAN INVESTASI PT. CIPUTRA DEVELOPMENT TBK SEBELUM DAN SESUDAH PENGUMUMAN PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Camelia Verahastuti Nur Haliza, Eka Yudhyani, dan
Published: May 2022

This study aims to determine the rate of return on investment at PT. CiputraDevelopment Tbk before and after the announcement of the covid-19 pandemic bycomparing the Return On Investment Ratio with The Industry Average Ratio. Theanalytical tool used in this study is the profitability ratio, namely the Return OnInvestment (ROI) Ratio and using The Industry Average Ratio. Data collectiontechniques are carried out by means of literature research, by collecting secondarydata in the form of financial reports of PT. Ciputra Development Tbk andcompanies in the property industry sector which are used as the calculation of theindustry average ratio. The analytical tool used in this study is the profitabilityratio, namely the Return On Investment (ROI) Ratio and using The IndustryAverage Ratio. The results of this study is the rate of return on investment at PT.Ciputra Development Tbk in 2019 the first quarter of the company was in goodcondition, in 2019 the second quarter of the company was in poor condition, whilein 2019 the third quarter to 2020 the third quarter of the company was back in goodcondition. The conclusion of this study is that the condition of the company is notgood in 2019 the second quarter, because the return on investment ratio is belowthe industry average ratio.