bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Low-loss grating coupler with a subwavelength structure on a thin-film lithium niobate substrate
Authors: Huang Jing , Chen Nuo , Chen Kaizhong , Chu Tao
Published: December 2023

We demonstrated a low-loss O-band grating coupler on an x-cut thin-film lithium niobate substrate by implementing subwavelength and apodized structures. The subwavelength gratings were used to mitigate the refractive index discontinuity between the input taper and grating region, which was the first application of such a structure for grating coupler optimization on a thin-film lithium niobate substrate. The coupling efficiency was measured to be −1.99 dB/coupler at a wavelength of 1312.8 nm, which was the lowest loss among the reported lithium niobate grating couplers that do not use metal mirrors. The proposed design does not require metal mirrors or any additional material layers and can be easily fabricated with a single-step lithography and etching processes.
Theoretical prediction of the effective dynamic dielectric constant of disordered hyperuniform anisotropic composites beyond the long-wavelength regime [Invited]
Authors: Kim Jaeuk , Torquato Salvatore
Published: December 2023

Torquato and Kim [Phys. Rev. X 11, 296 021002 (2021)10.1103/PhysRevX.11.021002] derived exact nonlocal strong-contrast expansions of the effective dynamic dielectric constant tensor ε
e
(k
q
,ω) that treat general statistically anisoropic three-dimensional (3D) two-phase composite microstructures, which are valid well beyond the long-wavelength regime. Here, we demonstrate that truncating this general rapidly converging expansion at the two- and three-point levels is a powerful theoretical tool from which one can extract accurate approximations suited for various microstructural symmetries. Among other results, we show that such truncations yield closed-form formulas applicable to transverse polarization in layered media and transverse magnetic polarization in transversely isotropic media, respectively. We apply these formulas to estimate ε
e
(k
q
,ω) for models of 3D disordered hyperuniform layered and transversely isotropic media: nonstealthy hyperuniform media and stealthy hyperuniform media. In particular, we show that stealthy hyperuniform layered and transversely isotropic media are perfectly transparent (trivially implying no Anderson localization, in principle) within finite wave number intervals through the third-order terms. For all models considered here, we validate that the second-order formulas, which depend on the spectral density, are already very accurate well beyond the long-wavelength regime by showing very good agreement with the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulations. The high predictive power of the second-order formula is due to the fact that higher-order contributions are negligibly small, implying that it very accurately approximates multiple scattering through all orders. This implies that there can be no Anderson localization within the predicted perfect transparency interval in stealthy hyperuniform layered and transversely isotropic media in practice because the localization length (associated with only possibly negligibly small higher-order contributions) should be very large compared to any practically large sample size. Our predictive theory provides the foundation for the inverse design of novel effective wave characteristics of disordered and statistically anisotropic structures by engineering their spectral densities.
Wireless data transmission in the 560-GHz band utilizing terahertz wave generated through photomixing of a pair of distributed feedback lasers injection-locking to a Kerr micro-resonator soliton comb
Authors: Tokizane Yu , Okada Shota , Kikuhara Takumi , Kishikawa Hiroki , Okamura Yasuhiro , Makimoto Yoshihiro , Nishimoto Kenji , Minamikawa Takeo , Hase Eiji , Fujikata Jun-Ichi , Haraguchi Masanobu , Kanno Atsushi , Hisatake Shintaro , Kuse Naoya , Yasui Takeshi
Published: December 2023

The increasing demand for higher data rates in 6G mobile wireless systems has sparked a keen interest in terahertz (THz) waves as a high-frequency, high-bandwidth carrier. This study presents a novel approach to wireless data transmission at 560 GHz, leveraging the use of THz waves generated through the injection-locking of a pair of distributed feedback lasers into a Kerr micro-resonator soliton comb. Experimental results demonstrate a Q-factor of 6.23 in 1-Gbit/s on-off-keying data transmission, which closely approaches the error-free limit represented by a Q-factor of 6.36. Additionally, the study achieves low error vector magnitudes for various modulation formats: 23.9% for 1-GBaud binary-phase-shift-keying, 23.6% for 1-GBaud quadrature-phase-shift-keying, and 8.07% for 0.1-GBaud 16-quadrature-amplitude modulation. This innovative approach holds promise for achieving high-quality, high-speed wireless data transmission, thereby advancing THz communication technology for integration into 6G systems.
The social cost of investor distraction: Evidence from institutional cross-blockholding
Authors: Astvansh Vivek , Chen Tao , Qu Jimmy Chengyuan
Published: December 2023

Institutional investors routinely hold blocks of stocks in multiple firms within an industry. While such cross-blockholding boosts a portfolio firm’s financial performance, could it distract investors from attending to firm activities in a nonfinancial domain, hurting its performance in that domain? The authors answer this question in the context of corporate social responsibility (CSR). They first document that cross-held firms perform worse on social responsibility than non-cross-held firms do. A quasi-natural experiment based on mergers between institutional blockholders helps establish causality. Next and as their primary contribution, the authors demonstrate investor distraction as the mechanism. Using two proxies of distraction—EDGAR search volume and shareholder proposals on socially responsible investment—they show that the negative impact of institutional cross-blockholding on CSR mainly comes from investor distraction when investors hold multiple blocks simultaneously. By highlighting the social cost of institutional cross-blockholding, this article finds a distraction effect of institutional cross-ownership, which extends our understanding of this unique ownership structure.
CFM-YOLOv5:CFPNet moudle and muti-target prediction head incorporating YOLOv5 for metal surface defect detection
Authors: Xu Yuntao , Jiao Peigang , LIU Jiaqi
Published: December 2023

Aiming at the problem of low efficiency of manual detection in the field of metal surface defect detection, a deep learning defect detection method based on improved YOLOv5 algorithm is proposed. Firstly, in the feature enhancement part, we replace the multi-head self-attention module of the standard transformer encoder with the EVC module to improve the feature extraction ability. Second, in the prediction part, adding a small target detection head can reduce the negative impact of drastic object scale changes and improve the accuracy and stability of detection. Finally, the performance of the algorithm is verified by ablation experiments and analogy experiments. The experimental results show that the improved algorithm has greatly improved mAP and FPS on the data set, and can quickly and accurately identify the types of metal surface defects, which has reference significance for practical industrial applications.
”What’s up with price controls?” Stakeholders’ views on the regulation of pharmaceutical pricing in Malaysia
Authors: Loh Ye Shing Lourdes , Siah Audrey K. L. , Koh Sharon G. M. , Cheong Wing Loong , Su Tin Tin
Published: December 2023

Escalating costs have made the accessibility of drugs one of the biggest challenges faced by the Malaysian government. The government agreed to regulate drug prices by means of external reference pricing, but its proposed policy had a setback owing to much opposition from the pharmaceutical industry. The policy did gain support from the public and from non-governmental organisations because it ensured easy access to affordable medicines. Comments from public consultations with key stakeholders were used to explore stakeholders’ perceptions of the external reference pricing policy. A total of 140 comments were analysed for this study. Stakeholders’ views were classified as being from the Socioeconomic, industrial, and government sectors. To summarise, the government must carefully manage and consider stakeholders’ views to ensure a sound policy. Using Mendelow’s stakeholder mapping, this study mapped out stakeholders’ views in a systematic approach. The classification of different stakeholders’ views and recommendations led to suggestions for reviewing current practices in pharmaceutical pricing regulations in the Malaysian healthcare system. The analyses can be extended to other countries that face similar concerns.
Balancing perceptions of targeting: An investigation of political microtargeting transparency through a calculus approach
Authors: Jansen Martin-Pieter , Krämer Nicole C.
Published: December 2023

Over the last few years, political advertisers have moved with their audiences: to social media platforms. Advertisers on these platforms aim to persuade voters by sending messages tailored to them based on their own data: political microtargeting (PMT). A considerable problem with PMT is that users are often unaware that they are being targeted, while current transparency advances do not seem to suffice in informing users. However, increasing transparency may have consequences on users’ privacy perceptions. Thus, the current work investigates whether disclosures, as a measure to increase transparency, increase users’ recognition of a microtargeted ad, and subsequently what this means for their perceived benefits, privacy concerns, and their likelihood of engaging in privacy protection behavior, based on the privacy calculus. In a preregistered online one-factorial between-subjects experiment (N = 450) we exposed participants to either an Instagram post containing a currently used disclosure or a more salient disclosure. Our results show that exposure to this disclosure increases recognition of the ad being microtargeted, and that this relates to perceived benefits but not privacy concerns. However, the results show that users’ privacy concerns are related to their increased privacy protection behavior. Finally, we found that over four-fifths of our participants who were exposed to the more salient disclosure recalled it correctly.
Liberal Democratic Support in Contemporary Brazil: A Descriptive Exploration
Authors: Carlin Ryan E. , Fuks Mário , Ribeiro Ednaldo
Published: December 2023

How do democratic attitudes map onto politic-economic context? We examine this question with a decade’s worth of high-quality data on public opinion and democratic quality in Brazil. From this empirical foundation, we analyze the observable implications of four theoretical perspectives – democratic culture, performance-based instrumentality, winners’ consent, and thermostatic dynamics. Our results suggest that during the periods of economic boom and bust, instrumental performance-based perspectives appear moste valid. But during the recent era of democratic backsliding, the evidence is more compatible with two models: one in which supporters of the incumbent tolerate the erosion of civil liberties and political rights, and another model that predicts an attitudinal backlash against falling levels of democracy during the final years of the Bolsonaro government. These conclusions are tentative. More data is required to substantiate them and more rigorously test their empirical expectations.
Quem se elege prefeito nas capitais brasileiras?
Authors: Verner Afonso Ferreira
Published: December 2023

A literatura em Ciência Política tem procurado examinar quais são os caminhos trilhados por candidatos vitoriosos nas campanhas eleitorais – estudos sobre recrutamento mostram que existem diversas variáveis que afetam as chances dos(as) candidatos(as) serem eleitos(as) ou não. Desta forma, este artigo apresenta uma reflexão sobre quem são os(as) 26 prefeitos(as) eleitos nas capitais brasileiras em 2020 a partir de variáveis de campanha, de perfil e também políticas. No grupo de variáveis de campanha estão reunidas informações sobre os gastos do(a) candidato(a), divididos em gastos de campanha tradicional, moderna e hipermidiática, e quanto ele(a) gastou diante do teto de custos da sua respectiva cidade. Nas variáveis de perfil são reunidas informações sobre a presença ou ausência do(a) político nas plataformas de campanha on-line. Por fim, as variáveis políticas preveem a classificação dos candidatos(as) em quatro tipologias de carreira política: insider, amateur, maverick e full outsider. A hipótese a ser testada no artigo é que na eleição de 2020, realizada em um contexto específico de pandemia, os candidatos vencedores(as) são, em sua maioria, insiders e utilizaram de amplos recursos de campanha digital, sem que tal uso represente gastos mais elevados com o que classificamos como campanha hipermidiática.
Evaluating Nutrition-related Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices for the Prevention of Breast Cancer among Women in Jordan
Authors:   Jordan University of Science and Technology, Ajlouni Baraah , Al-Nabulsi, Anas , N. Issa Saqer , Abu Farha, Rana , Ta'an Wafa'a , Abu Saleh, Salma , Itani Rania , Tawalbeh Rawan , Mukattash Tareq
Published: December 2023

Background: A healthy diet plays a significant role in preventing and treating various diseases, including colon and breast cancer. Purpose: This study aims to evaluate knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to nutrition in breast cancer prevention and to explore the relationship between demographic characteristics and nutrition practices for breast cancer prevention. Methods: A cross-sectional web-based survey was conducted to assess the level of knowledge, attitudes, and practices concerning breast cancer among 1511 women in Jordan. The survey underwent content validation and received IRB approval from King Abdullah University Hospital. Results: A total of 1511 participants completed the survey. Knowledge levels, with a mean score of 12, significantly varied based on education level (ρ-value = 0.04), field of education (ρ-value ≤ 0.001), and physical activity (ρ-value ≤ 0.001). The mean scores for attitudes and practices toward nutrition-related breast cancer prevention factors were 21.5 and 37, respectively. Conclusion: The study found that education level, family history, physical activity patterns, and sleep habits were factors associated with nutrition knowledge and positive practices, potentially reducing the risk of breast cancer. However, increasing nutrition knowledge alone was not sufficient to change dietary behavior. Implications for Nursing: Risk reduction strategies can be enhanced by incorporating evidence-based practices, such as those identified in this study. Additionally, current prevention and treatment options, including education, counseling, and psychosocial support, should be further developed to increase nutrition-related knowledge, attitudes, and practices for breast cancer prevention. Keywords: Breast cancer, Nutrition, Knowledge, Attitude, Practice, Awareness, Lifestyle.
Natural polymer fillers instead of dye and pigments: Pumice and scoria in PDMS fluid and elastomer composites
Authors: Özvezir Esra , Beyli Pınar Turan
Published: December 2023

The electrical and thermal conductivities and light transmittance properties of silicone oil and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) elastomer composites were investigated. Pumice, scoria, nano-Ag, and multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) particles were used as fillers. An effective, clean, and easy method was used to prepare nanosized particles from pumice and scoria rocks. Only MWCNT–PDMS composites showed electrical conductivity. The highest electrical conductivity of 24.7 S·m−1 was obtained with the 25% pumice–10% MWCNT–silicone oil composite. All filler particles increased the thermal conductivity of the PDMS elastomer. MWCNTs were more effective than pumice and scoria, and the thermal conductivity reached 0.62 W·(m·K)−1 with an addition of 3 wt% MWCNTs. All filler particles decreased the transparency of the PDMS elastomer. The sample with 5 wt% pumice particles reached zero transmittance. Pumice and scoria naturally colored the PDMS elastomer. The powders of these natural volcanic rocks could be used as a suitable coloring filling material instead of dyes and pigments for polymers without waste. However, it was concluded that pumice and scoria particles are not suitable for making composites with silicone oil due to the possibility of catalyzing the degradation of linear PDSM.
Effect of dolutegravir-based drug combinations on the level of medication adherence and viral load among adolescents living with HIV in resource-limited setting: a pre-post design
Authors: Ezenwosu Ifeyinwa L. , Onu Justus U. , Chukwuma Uchenna V. , Onwuka-Kalu Chima , Omotola Olusegun F. , Ezenwosu Osita U. , Chukwuka Chinwe J.
Published: December 2023

Objectives

The use of antiretroviral drugs among HIV-infected adolescents has been challenged with poor medication adherence, leading to an unsuppressed viral load and ultimately to drug resistance. Recently, dolutegravir has been approved for use in adolescents with HIV, but the evidence on medication adherence and viral load suppression is limited. The study determined the effect of dolutegravir-based drug regimens on the level of medication adherence and viral load among treatment-experienced adolescents.

Methods

A longitudinal pre-post design study was done among adolescents living with HIV at a paediatrics clinic in Nigeria. Assessment of medication adherence and viral load testing was done before and at six months of transitioning to dolutegravir-based regimens. McNemar-chi-square was used to determine the effectiveness of the drug on adherence and viral load suppression. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the predictors of drug adherence and viral suppression.

Results

The mean age of the participants was 14.7 years (SD=3.2), and 53.3 % were males. The mean duration of ART use was 10.3 years (SD=3.2). Six months after transitioning to dolutegravir, there was a significant decrease in viral load (Z=−7.947, p<0.001) and an increase in medication adherence score (Z=−7.554, p<0.001), among the treatment-experienced adolescents. Viral suppression was 13 times higher among respondents with good medication adherence as compared to those with poor medication adherence (AOR=13.24, CI=3.25–53.90).

Conclusions

Dolutegravir is effective in improving medication adherence and viral suppression among Adolescents living with HIV. Thus, the need to transition eligible adolescents to dolutegravir to sustain better treatment outcomes.
Methyl-orange/reduced graphene oxide composite as the electrode material for the solid-state supercapacitor
Authors: Singh Karsimran , Kaur Amarjeet
Published: December 2023

Herein, we have introduced the electrode material made up of a composite of an electrochemical active organic molecule (i.e. methyl orange (MO)) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) composite. This composite is found to be a potential material for supercapacitor application due to the sustainability, redox reversibility of organic molecules, and good conductivity of rGO. For fabricating symmetric solid-state cell (MO/rGO//PVA/H2SO4//MO/rGO), polyvinyl alcohol–sulphuric acid (PVA/H2SO4) aqueous gel polymer electrolyte (GPE) has been sandwiched between the two MO/rGO electrodes. It was found that a MO/rGO based symmetric cell interfaced with a PVA/H2SO4 gel electrolyte has a specific capacitance of 166.79 F g−1 and an energy density of 11.58 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 6.25 kW kg−1. Here, good specific capacitance is the result of a combination of both electric double-layer capacitor (EDLC) and pseudo-capacitive behaviour observed in a fabricated cell. The specific capacitance is stable after 2500 cycles of charge and discharge, with an initial fade of 32 %. This synthesized material and fabricated device found its potential to be used for the supercapacitor application.
Efficiency and environmental stability of TiO2 based solar cells for green electricity production
Authors: Singh Mahendra , Singh Deepak , Mishra Vinay , Singh Vijay , Singh Sunita , Dev Rahul , Singh Dhananjay
Published: December 2023

Environmental sustainability and energy security are two major issues, which are globally attracting the attention of the scientists and researchers. The sustainable development goal (SDG-7) calls for sustainable and modern energy for all. Solar energy has great potential and it can be transformed in other usable forms through various energy harvesting technologies. The photovoltaic cell utilizes solar radiation to generate green electricity. Photovoltaic cells follow the mechanism of photon to electron conversion for electricity production. Recently, organic solar cell, which is a type of photovoltaic cells, has shown potential to overcome demerits faced by photovoltaic cell like low flexibility, weight and environmental biodegradability issues. Dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC) is a kind of the organic solar cell. A (DSSC) has been fabricated using Punica Granatum (pomegranate juice) as sensitizer. The maximum efficiency of the solar cell is observed to be 0.16 %. The effect of various climatic parameters the performance of fabricated dye sensitized solar cell has also been evaluated and reported.
Promoting young EFL learners’ oral production through storytelling: coursebook adaptation in the Vietnamese classroom
Authors: Macalister John , Phuong Thao Le Hong
Published: December 2023

A global push to start learning English early has heightened interest in effective pedagogical practices for young learners. In many parts of the world, however, teachers feel constrained by the educational system in which they work. Coursebooks are mandated, tests and examinations dominate, and teacher education may not consider the particularities of teaching young learners. Such factors have all been identified in Vietnam, where this study was conducted. A storytelling innovation based on coursebook texts was introduced and taught for one school term. Pre- and post-tests of speaking found that learners who experienced the storytelling innovation significantly outperformed the learners who followed the textbook when measured by English tokens, English types, idea units in English, and idea units in English and Vietnamese. The study demonstrates how a relatively modest course book adaptation can lead to improved learning outcomes in an EFL context where change is often considered difficult to achieve.
The association between socioeconomic status and Chinese secondary students’ English achievement: mediation of self-efficacy and moderation of gender
Authors: Ma Lihong , Jiao Yuhong , Xiao Leifeng , Liu Jian
Published: December 2023

This research explored the mediation of self-efficacy and moderation of gender between socioeconomic status (SES) and foreign language (FL) achievement. A total of 8,906 Chinese secondary students (50.7 % males) completed socioeconomic status (SES) questionnaire, English self-efficacy scale, English achievement test, and demographic questionnaire. Multilevel regression model showed that SES was positively associated with English achievement both at student and school levels. The multilevel mediation model demonstrated that English self-efficacy partially mediated the link between SES and English achievement only at student level, and the mediation effect accounted for 30 % of the total effect. Moreover, the link between SES and English achievement was moderately influenced by gender. Specifically, boys’ English achievement was more significantly impacted by SES compared to that of girls. These findings underscore a gender disparity in the impact of SES on FL achievement, advocating for targeted interventions specifically aimed at students from low-SES backgrounds, particularly males.
Investment, Subsidies, and Universal Service: Broadband Internet in the United States
Authors: Wilson Kyle
Published: December 2023

Access to the internet is critical for participating in modern society, and yet many Americans lack access to high-speed internet. A key objective of U.S. telecommunications policy is to promote policies that advance the availability of quality telecommunications services, with the goal of universal service. I develop a dynamic model of internet service providers’ entry, exit, and upgrade decisions. Estimating this model reveals the determinants of profits and variation in firms’ costs. I then use this information to simulate a variety of subsidy policies, and explore how the use of targeted subsidies can improve high-speed internet access.
National discourses in (de)legitimations of the Swedish COVID-19 strategy
Authors: Idevall Hagren Karin , Bellander Theres
Published: December 2023

During the COVID-19 pandemic, Sweden’s way to handle the crisis was referred to as ‘the Swedish strategy’ and regarded as unconventional. Most studies of the Swedish strategy have focused on politicians’ legitimations, but not on the discursive negotiation in a media context. The objectives of this critical discourse study are to examine how the Swedish strategy was (de)legitimised in Sweden’s largest newspaper, Dagens Nyheter, during 2020, and what role national discourses played for discursive framings of the Swedish strategy. Using legitimation analysis combined with affect as a discourse analytical concept, we examine 71 newspaper articles. The findings show how a nationalistic framing highlights trust and responsibility as key aspects of the strategy, but also how trust and responsibility are used in delegitimations with additional frames, such as consequences for individuals’ everyday lives, or the frame of an international scientific community. The findings shed new light on the role of national discourses in the initial internal debates about Swedish COVID-19 management, and on the usefulness of an analytical approach that considers an elaborated analysis of different delegitimation strategies and the importance of affect for discourses and (de)legitimations.
Role of sodium alginate on the modification of the interfacial, micellization and thermodynamic properties of two imidazolium-based surface active ionic liquids in water
Authors: Banerjee Arnab , Das Bijan
Published: December 2023

A combined theoretical and experimental approach has been used to study the influence of a biopolymer sodium alginate (NaAlg) on the aggregation, interfacial, and thermodynamic phenomena of two surface active ionic liquids (SAILs), 1-decyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (DMeImCl), and 1-hexadecyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (HDMeImCl) with a view to explore the effects of the tail lengths of the SAILs and the temperature. Density Functional Theory (DFT) in conjunction with conductometry, tensiometry, and vapor pressure osmometry has been employed. DFT studies indicate that the geometries of the SAIL–NaAlg coordinated structures become more stabilized compared to the geometries of NaAlg, DMeImCl and HDMeImCl themselves, and that an increase in the alkyl chain length of the SAILs results in a lowering in the optimization energy for SAIL–NaAlg coordinated structures. Surface activity of the SAILs in presence of NaAlg has been found to be improved as the tail length of the SAILs increases. Evaluation of the Gibbs minimum free energy demonstrates a poorer thermodynamic stability of the interfacial growth of the SAIL molecules as the temperature is elevated. SAIL monolayer has been found to become more compact for the HDMeImCl–NaAlg system compared to the DMeImCl–NaAlg system arising from improved van der Waals attraction among the hydrophobic tails. The pC
20 values also indicate more interfacial adsorption in the HDMeImCl system within the investigated temperature range. Two characteristic concentrations, e.g., the critical aggregation concentration (cac) and polymer saturation concentration (psc), prior to the appearance of free SAIL micelles above the critical micellar concentration (cmc) in each of the SAIL–NaAlg solutions have been identified. Micellization of both the SAILs has been found to be thermodynamically spontaneous in presence of NaAlg. As the temperature increases or the surfactant tail gets longer, micellization becomes more spontaneous. The geometrical shapes of both DMeImCl and HDMeImCl micelles in presence of the NaAlg have been predicted to be spherical irrespective of the experimental temperatures. The results have been discussed to elucidate the SAIL–NaAlg interactions considering diverse forces prevailing in these mixed systems.
Improving the Model of Interaction between Pedagogical Universities and Basic Schools (Based on the Scientific and Methodological Center for the Support of Teaching Workers)
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University, Barmatina Irina V. , Varakuta Alena A. ,   Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University, Marushchak Evgeniya B. ,   Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University
Published: December 2023

The article examines the problem of improving the model of interaction between a pedagogical university and basic schools in the context of involving higher education in the continuous development of teaching workers, developed and implemented by the Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University in 2021. The purpose of the article is to analyze the elements of the model, adjust and describe the updated model. The authors consider changes in the interaction between the university and schools, the place of the pedagogical university and the scientific and methodological center for support of teaching workers in the unified federal system of support for teaching workers. The authors clarified the characteristics of the basic school and classified the schools with which the university interacts on a regular basis. Based on an assessment of the compliance of the existing practice of interaction between the university and basic schools with regulatory requirements, the model was updated. The updated model highlights the processes of organizing methodological support for teaching staff and management personnel (based on the scientific and methodological center for support of teaching workers) and support for educational and research activities of students. Lines of interaction: maintaining and developing professional competencies of teaching staff; maintaining and developing professional competencies of management personnel; scientific and methodological support for the activities of basic school teams; entry into the teaching profession; support of educational and research activities of students. Each line of interaction is aimed at a target group – the subject of the relationship. The content of the interaction is presented in current areas of development of the system of general and continuing pedagogical education and subject areas. The procedure for forming cooperation agreements with basic schools and road maps based on the action plan for the implementation of the university development program is described.
Innovative Approaches in Organizing Physical Education Classes Using Computer Technologies
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University, Shriner Boris A. , Zhomin Konstantin M. ,   Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University
Published: December 2023

The article examines the prospects for using computer vision technologies in the process of physical education of schoolchildren. Modern methods of pattern recognition, detection and tracking of objects are analyzed, which can be used for automated control over the performance of physical exercises. Particular attention is paid to the capabilities of the MediaPipe library, which allows you to track the position and movement of human body parts in real time. We considered specific algorithms and software solutions based on MediaPipe, OpenCV, TensorFlow, Keras, which allow you to analyze the correctness of movement, assess physical activity, and recognize errors. The possibility of using neural network algorithms to assess posture and build an optimal trajectory of movements is shown. The CV-Trainer program was developed and tested for automated assessment of constitutional features (body type), determination of body proportions, calculation of angles and lengths of body segments, which allows you to quantify the amplitude and trajectory of motion of motor action on video. The prospects of integrating computer vision technologies into the educational process to increase the efficiency and individualization of physical education of schoolchildren are discussed.
Behavioral Markers as a Determining Factor in Social Portraiture for Identifying and Preventing Destructive Behavior in Adolescents
Authors:   Naberezhnye Chelny State Pedagogical University, Galiev Lenar M. , Kirushin Kirill R. ,   Naberezhnye Chelny State Pedagogical University, Safin Danil I. ,   Naberezhnye Chelny State Pedagogical University, Shakirova Larisa R. ,   Naberezhnye Chelny State Pedagogical University
Published: December 2023

Over the past decade, forms of destructive behavior on the part of the younger generation in the form of attacks on educational institutions have become more relevant. This article reflects the importance of coordinated activities of law enforcement agencies and psychological and pedagogical services of educational organizations to identify and prevent incidents related to acts of schoolshooting. A social portrait of a typical representative of the destructive Columbine youth movement is presented by identifying the behavioral markers of the latter, as well as identifying traits inherent in persons prone to committing terrorist activities in the form of schoolshooting. The paper highlights innovative methods in pedagogical education aimed at countering the ideology of terrorism and extremism. The aim of the work is to form a social portrait of a representative of the Columbine movement during the analysis of known cases of terrorist acts in the form of schoolshooting. Objectives of the work: to analyze the behavioral aspects of “Columbineers” when the latter commit attacks on educational organizations; to identify behavioral markers characteristic of a follower of the Columbine ideology; to form a social portrait of a typical representative of the Columbine movement based on the identified behavioral markers. The possibility of practical application of the conducted research is to use the presented social portrait as a means of identifying and preventing destructive behavior of adolescents in the form of acts of schoolshooting, followed by the development of a methodological guide to prevent the spread of the ideology of the destructive Columbine youth movement for employees of educational institutions and law enforcement agencies.
Em uma narrativa juvenil, Tudo pode acontecer: análise do livro de Will Walton
Authors: Hergesel João Paulo
Published: December 2023

Tudo pode acontecer é um romance juvenil norte-americano escrito por Will Walton em 2015 e que, no Brasil, foi publicado pela editora V&R. Neste trabalho, objetivou-se identificar o potencial comunicativo-cultural da obra, por meio de uma análise estrutural e contextual da narrativa. Para isso, adotou-se a metodologia de abordagem qualitativa e interpretativo-analítica, partindo do roteiro de Gancho (2006) e expandindo para dimensões culturais. A fundamentação teórica ancorou-se nos estudos de narrativa, tendo como base Todorov (2011), Genette (2011) e Barthes (2011), entre outros autores. Os resultados apontaram que, para além das categorias convencionais da narrativa (enredo, temporalidade, ambientação, narrador e discurso), foi possível detectar referências linguísticas, sociais, históricas e artístico-culturais.
Procesos participativos hacia la Soberanía Alimentaria y el Buen Vivir en Cerro Negro del Tirao, Salta, Argentina
Authors: Di Fonzo Rodolfo , Becchio Valentín , Belmonte Silvina
Published: December 2023

Large areas of the Argentine Northwest region are still inhabited by family farmers. Despite the de-structuring and de-peasantization processes of rural farming spaces, they are the ones who produce the food that is socially and culturally consumed in the region. In this paper we propose to reflect on different actions jointly conducted by a rural community in the province of Salta, Argentina, and an action-research group from the Non-Conventional Energy Research Institute (INENCO), which seeks to contribute to food sovereignty and good living. At the same time, we seek to characterize a region that would be unknown in the academic field such as the hills of Salta.
El género policial y la crítica marxista
Authors: Dardón Juan M.
Published: December 2023

An investigation is carried out on the Marxist critique of the police genre (Foucault, Gramsci, Eisenstein and Mandel), focusing on methodological and theoretical assumptions that we have baptized as good Marxist morality. From a series of bourgeois categories, popular culture is analyzed as an accomplice or servile element of the capitalist order and state control and its ideological regime. The conceptual contributions that these authors have made about the police, differentiating the theoretical and class prejudices put into play, have been addressed separately.
Poesía y traducción testimonial: Claribel Alegría y Carolyn Forché
Authors: Raggio Marcela María
Published: December 2023

American poet Carolyn Forché is also a human rights activist and a poetic translator. This article defines her poetics of translation as expressed in the Introduction to her anthology Against Forgetting. Twentieth-Century Poetry of Witness (1993), and her translation of Claribel Alegría’s Flowers from the Volcano (1982). The article presents the term “translation of witness” which has a social-political objective in Central America beyond literary transmission in the target language. The theoretical framework is based on Antoine Berman and Lawrence Venuti.
El Güegüense: identidad y crítica
Authors: Mora Fernández Gabriel
Published: December 2023

From the paradigm of cultural studies and in the light of Hall’s, Restrepo’s and Larraín’s theories of identity, as well as Foucault’s discursive formation, an analysis is carried out on different positions on the concept of identity that Nicaraguan literary criticism formulated from Güegüence. Emphasis is placed on literary criticism of the second half of the twentieth century and the cultural-ideological debates established by contemporary literary criticism. It is shown how the notion of identity has gone from arbitrariness to theorization.
Antologías de la poesía femenina china traducidas al español
Authors: Zhimeng Bai
Published: December 2023

The translation of Chinese female poetry into Spanish began in 1929 with Catay: Poemas orientales. During the following years, an increasing number of Spanish versions of poetry written by Chinese women were published. This paper provides a chronological analysis of the anthologies dedicated to the Chinese female poetry. Our main objective is to synthesize the evolution of these compilations and present their different characteristics by periods.
Estrategias metadiscursivas en los libros de autoayuda
Authors: Díaz Blanca Lourdes Ángela , Harringhton Martínez María Susana
Published: December 2023

An analysis is provided of the metadiscursive strategies used in self-help books to handle the commitment with their readers and reach the communicative purposes of the genre. The inquiry is based on the metadiscursive model. It follows a descriptive and exploratory design with an inductive-deductive character. It was found that the prevailing strategy to commit with the readers is the reference made to the reader, followed by directive strategies, and the appeal to shared knowledge. Ties with the reader are established by using questions and personal comments.
Variation in Length of Stay by Level of Neonatal Care Among Moderate and Late Preterm Infants
Authors: Ismail Lana , Markowsky Allison , Adusei-Baah Charity , Gallizzi Gina , Hall Matthew , Kalburgi Sonal , McQuistion Kaitlyn , Morgan Joy , Tamaskar Nisha , Parikh Kavita
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

Moderate and late preterm infants are a growing subgroup of neonates with increased care needs after birth, yet standard protocols are lacking. We aim to describe variation in length of stay (LOS) by gestational age (GA) across hospitals within the same level of neonatal care and between different levels of neonatal care.

METHODS

Retrospective cohort study of hospitalizations for moderate (32–33 weeks GA) and late (34–36 weeks GA) preterm infants in 2019 Kid’s Inpatient Database. We compared adjusted LOS in this cohort and evaluated variation within hospitals of the same level and across different levels of neonatal care.

RESULTS

This study includes 217 051 moderate (26.2%) and late (73.8%) preterm infants from level II (19.7%), III (66.3%), and IV (11.1%) hospitals. Patient-level (race and ethnicity, primary payor, delivery type, multiple gestation, birth weight) and hospital-level (birth region, level of neonatal care) factors were significantly associated with LOS. Adjusted mean LOS varied for hospitals within the same level of neonatal care with level II hospitals showing the greatest variability among 34- to 36- week GA infants when compared with level III and IV hospitals (P < .01). LOS also varied significantly between levels of neonatal care with the greatest variation (0.9 days) seen in 32-week GA between level III and level IV hospitals.

CONCLUSIONS

For moderate and late preterm infants, the level of neonatal care was associated with variation in LOS after adjusting for clinical severity. Hospitals providing level II neonatal care showed the greatest variation and may provide an opportunity to standardize care.
The mangal flora diversity of Del Carmen Forest on Siargao Island, Philippines
Authors: Cortez Genea Nichole G. , Ordas Jorge Anton D. , Zamudio Sarah Grace S. , Caguioa Carmela Dawn D. , Rodriguez Mary Ashley A. , Rubite Rosario R. , Tandang Danilo N. , Moran Cecilia B.
Published: December 2023

The municipality of Del Carmen, Siargao Island, hosts one of the Philippines’ most important contiguous mangrove stands. However, there is limited knowledge about the area’s floral assemblages and communities. Hence, we provide a comprehensive species list through exhaustive botanical explorations within its 11 barangays. We report 166 species in 145 genera and 73 families, of which 20 are true mangrove species. Twenty species are Philippine endemics, and seven are threatened based on the IUCN listing. The most dominant families in the area in terms of density are Rhizophoraceae and Rubiaceae, and the dominating species include Rhizophora mucronata Lam. and R. apiculata Blume. Our results exhibit a very high diversity for the entire municipality, with barangays Del Carmen and Katipunan demonstrating the highest diversity among the 11 barangays. We emphasize the value of floristic surveys as essential baseline information in formulating effective conservation and management strategies for these vital wetland ecosystems.
Cyberprzestępstwo – problematyka czasu i miejsca popełnienia przestępstwa
Authors: Dana Andrzej , Kaniecki Radosław , Tomczyk Tomasz , Topolewski Maciej
Published: December 2023

Artykuł poświęcony został określeniu miejsca i czasu popełnienia przestępstwa w cyberprzestrzeni. Na te elementy konstrukcyjne czynu zabronionego ustawodawca zwraca uwagę w treści art. 6 k.k., które jednak ustalone zostały dla przestępstw dokonywanych w przestrzeni rzeczywistej (fizycznej). Globalność cyberprzestrzeni w dużej mierze powoduje trudności w stosowaniu tej normy wprost do opisu przestępstwa zaistniałego w tym wymiarze. W klasycznym ujęciu miejsce działania sprawcy łączone jest ze skutkiem i czasem, w którym dokonał on przestępstwa. Czas i miejsce dokonania przestępstwa w cyberprzestrzeni nie mieści się w tradycyjnym pojęciu art. 6 k.k., co powoduje reperkusje proceduralne wiążące się z momentem podjęcia skutecznego ścigania sprawcy. Przestępstwo to de lege ferenda ma jednak wymiar szczególny i powinno być tak traktowane.
Kontrola zasady pomocniczości z perspektywy państwa członkowskiego na przykładzie Polski
Authors: Itrich-Drabarek Jolanta , Balcerek-Kosiarz Marta
Published: December 2023

Celem artykułu jest zbadanie problemu wytycznych do kontroli zasady pomocniczości w projektach aktów unijnych stosowanych przez Sejm RP oraz Senat RP oraz próba zbudowania na podstawie doświadczeń polskich modelu z perspektywy państwa członkowskiego stanowiącego przeciwwagę do głównego nurtu, który polega na przyjmowaniu podejścia organów unijnych w opinii sporządzanej przez parlament. W tak zarysowanym problemie należy zastanowić się nad podejściem metodologicznym do opracowania wytycznych do kryteriów kontroli pomocniczości na szczeblu krajowym.
Kultura a moralność. Współczesne wyzwania
Authors: Machinek Marian
Published: December 2023

Human being is both the creator of culture and is shaped by it. The natural environment for his development as a person is exactly the cultural environment. Therefore, his well-being depends on the shape of culture. There is no denying the fundamental confrontation that is taking place between the hitherto existing culture, which grew out of the Christian message, and the secular culture, which in the new globalised and communicatively closely interconnected reality is assuming the rank of dominant culture. Both of them contain a strong normative dimension and their own vision of morality. The new global culture, which promotes individualisation and relativisation of moral norms, rejects reference to God and is marked by a strong Promethean motif, i.e. the utopia of the new man and the new society, poses a great challenge to the believer as an individual and to the Church as a community. This unavoidable confrontation can, on the one hand, correct and stimulate certain elements of the hitherto strongly Christian culture, but it is also necessary to clearly ask the critical question whether the new global culture is really based on an adequate concept of the human person and serves the true well-being of individuals and societies.
Kultura chrześcijańska i świecka w świetle (po)soborowej eklezjologii. Ich jedność w odmienności
Authors: Napiórkowski Andrzej A.
Published: December 2023

The Second Vatican Council and subsequent post-conciliar theology introduced significant changes not only in the understanding of the Church itself, but also in its attitude toward the outside world. The starting point of the reflection is to show the formation of the Church, which includes five stages of the continuous formation of a community of disciples of Jesus Christ. Each of these ecclesiastical stages remains in a different relation to the non-religious environment, which also has its achievements and enjoys its own autonomy. The article „Christian and secular culture in the light of (post)conciliar ecclesiology. Their Unity in Dissimilarity” is an attempt to demonstrate the necessity and inalienability of the dialogue between the Church and the world, which is to be carried out especially in the space of culture. Both the Church and the world need culture for their existence and further development. Both entities also produce culture. Throughout its history, the ecclesial community of the Triune God remains in tension with the world around it. On the one hand: Christians and the world around them have many points in common in their mutual service to every human being and all of creation, and on the other: Christianity in its uniqueness remains absolutely and completely different, from what the world is with its secular culture.