bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Here, Queer, and Paranoid! On Acrid Sociality and Collaborating Otherwise
Authors: Conrad Ryan , Pelletier Gary Lee
Published: February 2023

The work required of politicized subjects to act together, across difference towards transformative justice, is inexhaustible, complex, and difficult. Sometimes it is a battle to speak to one's peers, let alone act in concert with them. This article addresses destructive tendencies of intracommunal queer relationality in particular. Recent events within queer networks have helped us to understand particular impasses in queer organizing as acerbic and self-destructive—what we term here as “acrid.” In such instances, although some useful spaces for critique, criticism, praise, questions, wonderings, rants, reflections, and connections opened up, battlefields on which allied community members viciously attacked one another also manifested. Although generative at times, the debates and dialogues contained a great deal of vitriol, judgment, complacency, demands for apologies and annihilation, and in some instances, threatening and violent language, all which inhibit the momentum of our movements. This article is neither a content analysis of these myriad breakdowns in queer collaboration, nor are we interested in proving that such examples of destructive paradoxical relationality indeed happen. They happen. Instead, we assess the damage of devastated intracommunal relations, consider their queer propensities, and creatively theorize alternative possibilities for better collaborations throughout our queer spaces, communities, and futures.
Polemik dan Tantangan Penegakan Hukum Progresif di Indonesia
Authors: Syafi'ie M.
Published: February 2023

Satjipto Rahardjo progressive laws have the basic idea that the law is for man, not vice versa. The law does not exist for itself but for something broader, that is for human dignity, happiness, prosperity and glory of man. Second, the law is not an institution that final, because the law is always in the process to continue to be. Therefore, the law does not inevitably invite progressive polemic against the wall and the legal system is structurally in Indonesia. Polemic is one of them is misguided thinking Satjipto Rahardjo charges in view of legal science. Satjipto Rahardjo accused of removing the identity of jurisprudence based on a logical theoretical framework (order of logic), where the true measure of the coherence standard, namely the correspondence between the idea that one with another idea that forms a unity of ideas. Satjipto thinking instead of thinking of jurisprudence, but because the idea of social science framework used is an empirical theory framework (order of fact), which measures the standards of truth correspondence, namely the similarity between the idea and reality. However, in the middle of the polemic, though progressive laws are challenged to find its form, in the midst of the people who do not believe in legal positivism, and in many cases are in the vacuum space and suppressing.
Reposisi Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat (MPR) dan Implikasinya terhadap Kedudukan TAP MPR/S Pasca Amandemen UUD 1945
Authors: Riyadi Eko
Published: February 2023

Four times the 1945 amendments made by the Assembly since 1999-2002 has been overhauling the structure and organization of state administration Indonesia. Change is also happening to the state institutions. MPR no longer a State Agency, but a State Agency such as the House of Representatives, the President and others. MPR status changes bring serious impact on the legal product MPR MPR. In addition, the position of the Assembly according to post-amendment UUDN RI very weak and tends to only as a complement strultur state administration bodies of the republic of Indonesia. This paper examines the repositioning of the Assembly was about to post the 1945 amendments and the implications of repositioning of the MPR to MPR (s) in khirarki legislation in Indonesia.
Problematika Globalisasi Hukum di Indonesia: Dari Perjanjian Internasional Menjadi Hukum Nasional
Authors: Fadli Zul
Published: February 2023

In our time, globalization can not be avoided, technology and economic are themain factors. Because people become more and more connected, the globalization of lawis imminent. Through interntional egreement, the globalization of law find its power to be enforced. Nevertheless, this sircumstances alsocreated new challenges, especially on legal aspect. Legal transplantation can not be easily pursued because the characteristic of legal systemof every nation is varied.
Dilematika Sengketa Pertanahan dan Penyelesaiannya dalam Perspektif Hukum Positif
Authors: Iswantoro Iswantoro
Published: February 2023

Problems of land disputes issues from time to time increased both the qualityand quantity. The reason is because the needs of an increasingly complex use of land,while land availability is very limited. Besides, the cause can be triggered by the government regulations that make legislation happen to overlap and disharmony in the implementation. This problem coupled with a lack of understanding of the law in society as a result of acts committed against the land he owned, and the publication of the registration system which adopts negative publicity, making the lawsuit and opening faucets to objections from other parties on the ground that have been registered. The inequality in land ownership, and the rights of dual certificates and land use that doesnot comply with the permit location, allocation, use, and make use of the land into the complex problems of land disputes.It is also encouraged in the historical experience of our long agrarian law as aresult of government policy that has a tendency that the land be used for a political commodity. It should be understood as well the condition of land administration in times past were less orderly also be a driving force of land disputes. With this condition need to be made as a container seeking justice, legal protection and law enforcement, namely the judiciary for its container. Besides settling land disputes can malalui administrative channels that BPN, and Mediation, Reconciliation and ADR, which greatly contributed to the completion of their work land disputes. Therefore necessary stakeholders so that these ideals can be realized.
Syariat Islam dalam Perspektif Gender dan Hak Asasi Mansia (HAM)
Authors: Ikrom Mohamad
Published: February 2023

This writing background by concern to role and good responsibility (gender)woman in domestic domain as well as public domain that is straight experiencediscrimination, subordinated and violence. Whereas, by normative Al-Qur`an depictsideal figure a woman as private that own autonomy in various fields life, particularlyautonomy in political sphere. However, when the teaching that is ideal and sacred downthrough earth and interact by various culture human, often happened by distortions inthe interpretation. Understanding that distortif appear, because several factors. Amongother things because understanding dogma that very tekstual until ignore thekontekstual aspect, besides because sosio-kultural influence background and sosiohistoris human that interpret him. Because of focus study in this writing is how syariatIslam in perspective gender and HAM. However inferential that, role andresponsibility woman equivalent with man. Both eqully creation God, eqully human,eqully potentially become fi al-ardh caliph and also eqully potentially become fi al-ardhdamage. Man humanity value and same woman, do not have difference even a little.Because task human only ber-fastabiqul something good (vie act best) for expect ridhaAllah SWT.
Perlindungan Para Kreditor Sehubungan Dengan Debitor Mempailitkan Diri
Authors: Supriyono Supriyono
Published: February 2023

Debtors can file for bankruptcy if having two or more creditors who can not run the obligations to pay the debt and interest that was due. In this case the bankruptcy petition aimed at the Commercial Court and the Commercial Court should be granted if there is the fact that in accordance with the terms of the bankruptcy has been met by the party who filed for bankruptcy. For Debtors filed for bankruptcy itself the conditions are that the debtor has two or more creditors and not pay at least one debt that has matured. In this study the authors focused on the protection of creditors in connection with bankruptcy debtors themselves.
Problematika Pengelolaan Pendapatan Asli Daerah di Era Otonomi Daerah
Authors: Santoso Lukman
Published: February 2023

The post-reform era of regional autonomy, has brought major changes in the state system. Included in the financial management system and mechanism of local government. In the context of autonomy, in addition to the transfer of central, local governments are required to have their own sources of funding in the form of local revenue (PAD), lending area, as well as other legitimate reception area. However, in practice, in the majority of the transfer region of the Central Government is the main source of local government funding to finance daily operations, which by the local government "reported" in the budget calculations. Being the ability of the region to explore the potential of the region as revenue in the implementation of socio-economic development is still very limited. As a result, local government revenue sources are very dependent on transfers from the central government.PAD is a pure reception area and its role is an indicator of the extent of the autonomy has been widely implemented, real, and responsible. By extracting maximum revenue and the expected increase in local government is also able to improve its ability in the administration of local affairs. PAD sources determined by Law no. 22 jo 25 of 1999 and Law no. 32 jo 33 of 2004, local taxes, levies, local owned company results and other legitimate source revenues. Additionally PAD is the backbone of regional funding, therefore the ability to implement autonomy in the measure of the magnitude of the contribution made by the PAD to the total budget, so that local autonomy can be realized with either.
Refleksi Yuridis Perkembangan Demokrasitisasi Politik Pemilu Pasca Reformasi
Authors: Hidayatulloh Bagus Anwar
Published: February 2023

Development of democracy in Indonesia is experiencing significant growth,especially in the time of the Reformation. Awareness of the state of democracy in Indonesia is characterized by changes in the amended constitution and also theemergence of laws and other regulations over a democracy. One of the rules and regulations are constantly changing is about elections. Election is one of thecharacteristics of countries that embrace democratic system. In the post-Reformation has happened 3 times elections, namely in 1999, 2004 and 2009. At the third electionlaws have different anyway. Because there is a political configuration that houses the elections. The election of these three would be a reflection of this nation about thedevelopment of democracy. This paper will present the existing political demokrasti tripon Election Post-Reformation, as a reflection of legal developments democratic election.
Penerapan Pembalikan Beban Pembuktian (Omkering van Bewijslast) Pada Peradilan Tindak Pidana Korupsi dalam Perspektif Hak Asasi Manusia Terdakwa
Authors: Muhtar Zainal
Published: February 2023

Corruption was considered detrimental to social and economic rights of Indonesian society that is an extra-ordinary crime and a common enemy Indonesian society and the nation as a whole. Therefore, necessary extra-ordinary enforcement and extra-ordinary measures anyway. One such action is to conduct a comprehensive shift to the existing verification system , by applying the reversal of burden of proof (omkering van bewijslast) in UU PTPK. The application of this principle tends to cause the shift of the presumption of innocence to the presumption of guilt, whereas protection and respect for Human Rights defendant can not be reduced at all and for any reason (non- derogable right). This paper attempts to examine the application of the reversal of the burden of proof (omkering van bewijslast) in the theoretical study and practice, to find a theoretical justification for the application of the reversal of the burden of proof in relation to human rights perspective defendant.
Fungsi Filsafat Hukum dalam Pembentukan Hukum di Indonesia
Authors: Khambali Muhammad
Published: February 2023

Philosophy of Law seeks to examine ideas about the law that already exists oris to be held (legal establishment), see coherence, correspondence and legal functions arecreated,. Relation to Philosophy of Law against the legal establishment in Indonesia,that the Philosophy of Law was instrumental in shaping the direction of democratic law,leads to the essential needs of the community. The function of the national law is toprotect, then change the law or the establishment of Indonesia must go through theprocess of Legal Philosophy, in which is able to direct and accommodate the needs of lawin accordance with the progress of development in all fields, were also able to meet thediverse needs of the wider community, which established the rules for the game of life.Law established to regulate the behavior of members of the public. Most importantly,legally constituted as a fulfillment of a sense of justice for the wider community,regardless of race, class, ethnicity, party, religious, or other discrimination in theframework bhineka tunggal ika.
Masa Jabatan Kepala Desa Bangunharjo Kecamatan Sewon Kabupaten Bantul: Ditinjau dari Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2014 tentang Desa
Authors: Qomariyah Iis
Published: February 2023

The research concludes that the legal basis used Bangunharjo village chief areLaw No. 22 of 1999 on Regional Government. In Article 96 describes the "villagechief tenure of ten years or a maximum of two terms as of the date specified." Thoughthe law declared invalid because it has been replaced Law No. 32 of 2004 inconjunction with Law No. 12 of 2008 on Regional Government. The term of office ofsix years and the village chief can only be re-elected for a subsequent term of office.However, the researchers did a special case of the Village Head Bangunharjo serve timeover regulated by the Act. Term of office of the Village Head Bangunharjo not inaccordance with Law No. 6 2014 because the Act states that the village chief in officefor 6 years. Then be served at most three consecutive terms consecutively or notconsecutively. Basically the most recent regulations crippling/cancel the old rules, so therules have been replaced with the new rules, the old rules are automatically void.
The Politics of the Page
Authors: Sorensen Jennifer
Published: February 2023

This essay argues that attending to the bibliographic codes of early and multiple versions can enhance our understandings of the material forms of texts in the ways that George Bornstein modeled in Material Modernism. Focusing on modernist women’s complex engagements with print cultures, the essay analyzes pages from Willa Cather’s novel The Professor’s House, Zora Neale Hurston’s short story “Sweat”, Gwendolyn Brooks’s sonnet “the progress”, and Una Marson’s poem “Little Brown Girl”. These texts are most widely available in editions that place their richest print contexts “under erasure”. This essay argues that these kinds of material analyses can be used to center the work of Black women modernists as these approaches can enrich the research and teaching of less canonical texts without as many versions.
Music and Grammar
Authors: Scartoni Paolo
Published: February 2023

Dante’s original and insightful linguistics and poetics have prompted important conversations among scholars, in terms of their anthropological, theological, and philosophical implications. In this article, I reconsider Dante’s understanding of language and poetics from the perspective of grammar and music. I bring together the scholarship from these two disciplines to analyze Dante’s theoretical and poetical works, and I argue that grammar and music offered Dante two distinct ways to think about language. I trace the relationship between the two disciplines in the De Vulgari Eloquentia first, and in the first cantos of the Comedy (Inf. 1–3), in the second part of this article. Ultimately, I show that a deeper understanding of Dante’s grammatical and musical models of linguistic inquiry can shed new light on our comprehension not only of his poetics but also of his ethical and political project.
GOLDEN, Amanda. 2020. Annotating Modernism: Marginalia and Pedagogy from Virginia Woolf to the Confessional Poets.
Authors: Schoerke Meg
Published: February 2023

Book review.
GOSSETT, Suzanne. 2022. Shakespeare and Textual Theory.
Authors: Linster Jillian
Published: February 2023

Book review.
LEONARDI, Lino. 2022. Filologia romanza. 1. Critica del testo.
Authors: Muzzolon Elena
Published: February 2023

Book review.
RICO, Francesco, ed. 2022. Gli orizzonti dell’ecdotica. Autori, testi, lettori.
Authors: Burattini Ilaria
Published: February 2023

Book review.
TRETTIEN, Whitney. 2021. Cut/Copy/Paste: Fragments from the History of Bookwork.
Authors: Simpson Grant Leyton
Published: February 2023

Book review.
A new method for writer identification based on historical documents
Authors: Gattal Abdeljalil , Djeddi Chawki , Abbas Faycel , Siddiqi Imran , Bouderah Brahim
Published: February 2023

Identifying the writer of a handwritten document has remained an interesting pattern classification problem for document examiners, forensic experts, and paleographers. While mature identification systems have been developed for handwriting in contemporary documents, the problem remains challenging from the viewpoint of historical manuscripts. Design and development of expert systems that can identify the writer of a questioned manuscript or retrieve samples belonging to a given writer can greatly help the paleographers in their practices. In this context, the current study exploits the textural information in handwriting to characterize writer from historical documents. More specifically, we employ oBIF(oriented Basic Image Features) and hinge features and introduce a novel moment-based matching method to compare the feature vectors extracted from writing samples. Classification is based on minimization of a similarity criterion using the proposed moment distance. A comprehensive series of experiments using the International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition 2017 historical writer identification dataset reported promising results and validated the ideas put forward in this study.
UBE2J1 knockdown promotes cell apoptosis in endometrial cancer via regulating PI3K/AKT and MDM2/p53 signaling
Authors: Zhang Ping , Guo Huiping , Zhao Fang , Jia Ke , Yang Fei , Liu Xiaoli
Published: February 2023

Emerging evidence has demonstrated that ubiquitin conjugating enzyme E2 J1 (UBE2J1) exerts pivotal function in many cancers. UBE2J1 was reported to be dysregulated in endometrial cancer (EC). This study was designed to further investigate the regulatory character and mechanism of UBE2J1 in EC. Bioinformatic tools and databases were used to analyze gene expression pattern and gene expression correlation in EC tissues, and the prognosis of EC patients. Gene expression was evaluated by reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Western blot was used for protein level detection. In vitro cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry analyses and TUNEL assays. In vivo cell apoptosis was evaluated by detecting Bax and Bcl-2 expression in tumor tissues via immunohistochemical and western blot analyses. In this study, UBE2J1 knockdown promoted cell apoptosis in EC cells and in mouse models of EC. PI3K and AKT expression is positively correlated with UBE2J1 level and is related to poor prognosis of EC patients. UBE2J1 knockdown repressed the PI3K/AKT pathway both in vitro and in vivo. UBE2J1 downregulation decreased MDM2 expression, but increased p53 expression. MDM2 overexpression reverses the promotion of UBE2J1 knockdown on cell apoptosis in EC. Overall, UBE2J1 knockdown induces cell apoptosis in EC by inactivating the PI3K/AKT signaling and suppressing the MDM2/p53 signaling.
Delivery in a vertical birth chair supported by freedom of movement during labor: A randomized control trial
Authors: Hacıvelioğlu Dilek , Tavşanlı Nurgül Güngör , Şenyuva İrem , Kosova Funda
Published: February 2023

To evaluate the effect of delivery in a vertical birth chair (VBC) and traditional delivery table (DT) supported by women’s movement during labor on the labor process, fetal outcome, maternal hormone levels, birth comfort, and satisfaction. This randomized controlled trial was conducted with 1:1:1 allocation. Group 1: in the VBC in upright position, Group 2: on the DT in supine position, these groups supported by freedom of movement, control group: on the DT in supine position, labor in bed. The duration of second stage of labor was not different between the groups (p = 0.246). The occurrence of instrumental birth, episiotomy, and perineal laceration was also not different among the groups (p = 0.772, p = 0.953, and p = 0.124). The use of uterotonic was observed in control group (p = 0.001). 1 and 5 APGAR scores of newborns were not different in all groups (p = 0.121, p = 0.268). The lowest pain score was observed in Group 1 (p = 0.001). Birth comfort and satisfaction were higher in Group 1 (p = 0.001 and p = 0.001). Decreased postpartum prolactin levels and increased postpartum oxytocin levels were observed in the control and Group 1 (p = 0.004, p = 0.006). Freedom of movement during labor and delivery using VBC in upright position can play birth-promoting and supporting role. There were no negative effects on the fetal outcome.
High mechanical performance of 3-aminopropyl triethoxy silane/epoxy cured in a sandwich construction of 3D carbon felts foam and woven basalt fibers
Authors: Taieh Nabil Kadhim , Khudhur Salman Khayoon , Fahad Eman Abd Alhadi , Zhou Zuowan , Hui David
Published: February 2023

Epoxy-based sandwich composites with improved economic efficiency were developed to better utilize composite components with functions such as high mechanical performance and light weight, which influenced quality for load-bearing applications. Herein, an epoxy-based sandwich composite was made by laminating woven basalt fibers (WBFs) as a face sheet on 3D carbon felt foam (3D CFs) as a core material. The cast-in-place process was used to infuse the epoxy solution within the sandwich, resulting in bicontinuous composites with outstanding mechanical characteristics and high performance. In addition, the epoxy solution was combined with a silane coupling agent to boost the composite’s toughness by enhancing the adhesion between the fibers and the epoxy. The mechanical properties of epoxy composites were also found to be much improved when WBFs were used as a face on 3D CF foam. Compared to the epoxy/3DCFs/WBFs composite sandwich to pure epoxy, the flexural and tensile strengths improved by 298.1 and 353.8%, respectively, while the impact strength rose to 135 kJ/m2. This research shows a new way to make a new process for making sandwich composites with epoxy that is cheap and strong.
Modern analytical approach in biopolymer characterization
Authors: Priya Gunasekaran , Shanthi Natarajan , Pavithra Sundaramoorthy , Sangeetha Soundararajan , Murugesan Subbiah , Shyamalagowri Shanmugasundaram
Published: February 2023

Biopolymers have received a lot of interest recently, and academic and industrial research on biopolymers has been refocused. These biopolymers comprise naturally occurring substances as well as artificial substances created from naturally occurring monomers. Plastics have the potential to be replaced by biopolymers because they are hazardous to the environment and rely on nonrenewable resources like petroleum for production. Due to the overwhelming interest in biopolymers, characterization tools and processes have emerged as crucial components in biopolymer research to examine and enhance the characteristics and functionality of materials based on biopolymers. When evaluating the performance of these bio-nanocomposites, using the right tools for characterization is crucial. This review concentrated on high-level analytical methods for characterizing biopolymers, biopolymer-based composites, and their derivatives structurally, physically, and chemically. The most common analytical instrument methods based on microscopy (Optical, laser scanning confocal, scanning tunneling, scanning probe, differential dynamic, scanning, and transmission electron) and spectroscopy (Fourier transform infrared, X-ray diffraction, and Raman). The use of these tools for characterization in current research studies is also highlighted in order to demonstrate how the biopolymer under study might be used in various applications.
Tod und Trauer – eine ganzheitliche Perspektive
Authors: Kemper Claudia
Published: February 2023

Der Tod ist eine Verlusterfahrung und für Sterbende, deren Nahestehenden aber auch für versorgende Personen der Gesundheitsfachberufe mit schmerzhaften Gefühlen der Trauer verbunden. Je nach Art und Umständen des Todes kann Trauer auch pathogene Risiken entfalten und sich eine anhaltende Trauerstörung entwickeln. Zur Vermeidung dieser Risiken sind ganzheitliche Unterstützung mit dem Ziel der Förderung von Resilienz und Coping-Strategien notwendig.
Ethik der Sorge am Lebensende
Authors: Maio Giovanni
Published: February 2023

Nirgendwo wird die Notwendigkeit einer Ethik der Sorge so deutlich, wie im Umgang mit dem sterbenden Menschen, denn die Ethik der Sorge ist von ihrem Selbstverständnis genau die Antwort, die wir dem Menschen am Lebensende schulden. Im Beitrag wird herausgearbeitet, worin die Wesensmerkmale der Sorge bestehen und wodurch sich die Sorge von der bloßen Verrichtung unterscheidet.
Der KV-Leichenschaudienst in Berlin, 2021/2022
Authors: Bardehle Doris , Larscheid Patrick
Published: February 2023

Die Leichenschau wird durch das Berliner Bestattungsgesetz geregelt. Unter Leitung der Kassenärztlichen Vereinigung (KV) Berlin gibt es einen Leichenschaudienst (LSD) rund um die Uhr für Anforderungen zur Leichenschau durch die Bevölkerung, Pflegeeinrichtungen und die Polizei. Den KV-LSD gibt es nur in einigen Bundesländern, deshalb berichten wir über die Berliner Erfahrungen der Jahre 2021/2022. Im Jahr 2021 wurden in Berlin 39.517 Leichenschauen durchgeführt. Bei 30% aller Verstorbenen erfolgte die Leichenschau durch den Leichenschaudienst der KV.
Restrukturierungswidrige Beschlüsse
Authors: Skauradszun Dominik , Harnack Alana Julia
Published: February 2023

71Der Beitrag lotet anhand von Beispielsfällen aus, welche gesellschaftsrechtlichen Beschlüsse der Anteilsinhaber in der Restrukturierung eines Unternehmens, mit denen Einfluss auf die Restrukturierung genommen werden soll, rechtmäßig und welche restrukturierungswidrig sind. Aus diesen Beispielsfällen werden sodann verallgemeinerungsfähige Rechtssätze zur Systembildung und zum Systemwechsel abgeleitet, die für weitere Fallkonstellationen eine Orientierung geben sollen. Die Untersuchung entwickelt dabei die bereits in früheren Schriften vorgenommene verfahrensrechtliche Systembildung dergestalt fort, dass dieses Verständnis nunmehr auch auf das materielle Gesellschaftsrecht erstreckt wird.
INDOLEBUTYRIC ACID (IBA) AND SUBSTRATE IN ROOTING AND DEVELOPMENT OF BRAZILIAN PEPPERTREE CUTTINGS
Authors: Moreira da Luz Real Isadora , Crizel Gomes Gustavo , Fonseca Bierhals Daiana , Beatriz Devantier Henzel Ana , Ramos Molina Arthur , Timm Beskow Günter , Castilhos Freitas Thales , Koiti Miura Adalberto , De Souza Gomes Guarino Ernestino , Penno de Souza Letícia
Published: February 2023

This work aimed to evaluate the development of seedlings by cuttings Brazilian peppertree cuttings submitted to different treatments and substrates. For that we used a randomized experimental design in a 2x4 factorial scheme, consisting of the use (3.000 mg.L-1)) or not of IBA associated with different types of substrate: vermiculite (V); carbonized rice husk with vermicompost (CV); carbonized rice husk with vermicompost and sand (CVS); Turfa Fértil® commercial substrate (CS), in four replicates per treatment, each consisting of 10 cuttings. After 90 days, the following variables were evaluated: percentage of rooted cuttings, length of the largest root, number of leaves over 1 cm in length, and dry root weight. The Generalized Linear Model (GLM) was used with p ‹ 0.05 of significance in the data analysis. The use of IBA in rooting Brazilian peppertree cuttings is recommended. CVS is the substrate with the best interactions, and substrates like CS should be avoided.
Transient and Sustained Ganglion Cell Light Responses Are Differentially Modulated by Intrinsically Produced Reactive Oxygen Species Acting upon Specific Voltage-Gated Na+Channel Isoforms
Authors: Smith Benjamin J. , McHugh Cyrus F. , Hirano Arlene A. , Brecha Nicholas C. , Barnes Steven
Published: February 2023

Increasing spike rates drive greater neuronal energy demand. In turn, mitochondrial ATP production leads to the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that can modulate ion channel gating. Does ROS production autoregulate the excitability of a neuron? We investigated the links between retinal ganglion cell (RGC) excitability and spike activity-driven ROS production in male and female mice. Changes to the light-evoked and current-evoked spike patterns of functionally identified αRGC subtypes, along with their NaVchannel-gating properties, were recorded during experimentally induced decreases and increases of intracellular ROS. During periods of highest spike rates (e.g., following light onset in ON sustained RGCs and light offset in OFF sustained RGCs), these αRGC subtypes responded to reductions of ROS (induced by catalase or glutathione monoethyl ester) with higher spike rates. Increases in ROS (induced by mercaptosuccinate, antimycin-A, or H2O2) lowered spike rates. In ON and OFF transient RGCs, there were no changes in spike rate during ROS decreases but increased ROS increased spiking. This suggests that endogenous ROS are intrinsic neuromodulators in RGCs having high metabolic demands but not in RGCs with lower energy needs. We identified ROS-induced shifts in the voltage-dependent gating of specific isoforms of NaVchannels that account for the modulation of ON and OFF sustained RGC spike frequency by ROS-mediated feedback. ROS-induced changes to NaVchannel gating, affecting activation and inactivation kinetics, are consistent with the differing spike pattern alterations observed in RGC subtypes. Cell-autonomous generation of ROS during spiking contributes to tuning the spike patterns of RGCs.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTEnergy production within retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) is accompanied by metabolic by-products harmful to cellular function. How these by-products modulate the excitability of RGCs bears heavily on visual function and the etiology of optic neuropathies. A novel hypothesis of how RGC metabolism can produce automodulation of electrical signaling was tested by identifying the characteristics and biophysical origins of changes to the excitability of RGCs caused by oxidizing by-products in the retina. This impacts our understanding of the pathophysiology of RGC dysfunction, supporting an emerging model in which increases in oxidizing chemical species during energy production, but not necessarily bioenergetic failure, lead to preferential degeneration of specific subtypes of RGCs, yielding loss of different aspects of visual capacity.
The Ethics of Participatory Action Research with People Living in Poverty
Authors: Tardieu Bruno , Haig Friedman Donna , Benett Bonita , Randell-Shaheen Stacy , El Remaly Maya , Barbas Alicia
Published: February 2023

This article is based on the webinar “The Ethics of Research on Poverty” held in April 2018. Coauthored by the four presenters of the webinar, it brings together perspectives on poverty from lived experience in the United States, academia, the District Six Museum in South Africa, and the Joseph Wresinski Centre for Archives and Research in France. The article argues that the ethical principles of participatory action research (PAR) are too generic to address the specific characteristics of research projects conducted with people living in poverty. PAR projects on poverty require, in addition to the relevant general ethical principles of PAR (i.e., leading transformational PAR, treating all participants as co-researchers, nurturing respect for the individual and the group, and raising awareness on the level of literacy of each participant), specific ethical guidelines. For PAR to address the needs of people living in poverty, the choice of words on poverty should be aimed at reducing symbolic and epistemic violence, questions should be framed so as to encourage knowledge to be shared, research should yield direct benefits to participants and outweigh risks, and researchers should aim at eradicating extreme poverty. Researchers failing to apply these principles may find themselves guilty of committing unintended symbolic or epistemic violence to the thinking of people in poverty or fall for the soft bigotry of low expectations that inevitably triggers underperformance. To bridge the divide between narratives of people in poverty and interpretations of these narratives , researchers should be aware of their own biases and remain open to being challenged.
Attenuation characteristics of high-energy radiation on As-Se-Sn chalcogenide glassy alloy
Authors:   Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, El-Qahtani Z. M. H. , Shaaban E. R. ,   Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assuit, 71542, Egypt, Soraya M. M. ,   Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt
Published: February 2023

The present work is mainly interested in the use of chalcogenide glass materials as shielding materials for the highly energetic radiations as X-rays and Gamma rays and particles of high energies as neutrons. The chalcogenide glass system concerned with this study is As40-Se60-x-Snx (x = 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 at %). Numerous radiation shielding factors have been deduced by the aid of Phy-X/PSD online software. This software enabled us to achieve the linear and mass attenuation coefficients (LAC, MAC), effective atomic number Zeff, effective electron density, Neff, half-value layer, HVL, tenth value layer TVL, mean free path MEF, energy absorption and exposure buildup factors (EABF, EBF) in photon energy range extended from 0.15 to 15 MeV. The most interesting findings are that the LAC and MAC values are more suitable for shielding purposes than that of some commercial and traditional glasses. Also the results refer to that HVL, TVL, and MFP decrease with the substitution of Selenium by Tin in the tested system, this decreasing is clearer at the medium and high range of photon energies, which indicate to the improvement of shielding features by the adding of Sn to these specimens. Zeff and Neff of these glasses were in the range (33.6- 40.6) and (2.5-2.86 x 1023 electrons/g) respectively. The results also point to that EBF and EABF decrease with further raising of Snpercentage in the investigated chalcogenide system at all the values of MFP at the hole range of the photon energy, that confirm with no doubt that the samples with higher ratios of Tin have better shielding ability than those of lower ratios of Tin in the investigated system. It is also found that FNRCS of the five investigated specimens is in between 0.0886 Cm-1 and 0.0943 Cm-1 that makes them promising protective materials against neutrons, when compared with other commercial and traditional glasses.
A comparison of MoO3 nanorods and C/MoO3 nanocomposites for high-performance supercapacitor electrode
Authors:   School of Material Science & Engineering, Qilu University of Technology Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250353, PR China, Li Q. , Zhang Y. F. ,   School of Mechanical & Automotive Engineering, Qilu University of Technology Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250353, PR China, Han X. R. ,   School of Material Science & Engineering, Qilu University of Technology Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250353, PR China, Ju C. ,   School of Mechanical & Automotive Engineering, Qilu University of Technology Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250353, PR China, Wang Z. L. ,   School of Mechanical & Automotive Engineering, Qilu University of Technology Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250353, PR China
Published: February 2023

In the present work, uniform nanorods-like MoO3 and C/MoO3 nanocomposite were successfully synthesized through a facile hydrothermal method for high-performance electrochemical capacitors. The crystal structure and morphology of the products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The electrochemical properties of the sample were tested by means of cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic charge-discharge (GCD) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The C/MoO3 nanocomposite displayed good electrochemical performance as a supercapacitor electrode material. The specific capacitance reached 115 F/g at a current density of 0.5 A g−1 in 6 M KOH solution. The specific capacitance of pure MoO3 electrode only has 59 F/g at a current density of 0.5 A g−1 . These results represent that the C/MoO3 nanocomposite is a promising electrode material in Supercapacitors.
A method for preparing high-quality PbS thin films
Authors:   University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China, Jiang W. L. , Deng H. ,   University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China, Feng Q. ,   University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China, Li X. Y. ,   University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
Published: February 2023

High-quality lead sulfide (PbS) thin films were successfully synthesized by chemical bath deposition (CBD) method. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) results indicated that the films had face-centered cubic (FCC) structures with strong (200) preferred orientation and high-quality crystals. The band gap of the films was about 0.65eV, which had an obvious broadening. Then I-V characteristic curve and relative response were measured, respectively. It was found that the films had good photosensitivity. Since the films had high crystallinity and preferred orientation, it was expected to achieve better practical effects in the field of infrared applications.
Copper-tin-sulphide (CTS) thin films, obtained by a two-electrode electrochemical deposition of metal precursors, followed by soft annealing and sulfurization
Authors:   Department of Physics, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana, Puzer D. B. , Nkrumah I. ,   Department of Physics, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana, Ampong F. K. ,   Department of Physics, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana, Paal M. ,   Department of Physics, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana, Botchway E. A. ,   Department of Physics, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana, Nkum R. K. ,   Department of Physics, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana, Boakye F. ,   Department of Physics, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
Published: February 2023

CTS thin films have been prepared by soft annealing and sulfurization of electrodeposited Cu-Sn precursors. The stacked elemental layer approach was used to deposit the elemental precursors on an ITO substrate using a two-electrode electrochemical cell, with graphite plate as the counter electrode. The stacked metallic layer was then soft annealed in an Argon atmosphere at 350 °C and subsequently, sulfurized at different temperatures of 500 0C and 550 0C for one hour to form CTS films. The films have been characterized by a variety of techniques. From the XRD analysis, the CTS thin films obtained at a sulfurization temperature of 500 oC showed the coexistence of SnS, Cubic-Cu2Sn3S7 and hexagonal-Cu4S16Sn7 phases. The majority phase was clearly identified as cubic-Cu2SnS3, with (111) preferential orientation. For the films sulfurized at 550 oC, the pattern of prominent peaks showed the presence of the Hexagonal-Cu4S16Sn7 phase of CTS with preferred orientation along the (202) plane. There were relatively fewer low intensity peaks assigned to the secondary phases, indicating an improvement in CTS purity at the higher sulfurization temperature. SEM images of the CTS films show a compact, homogenous morphology, with densely packed grains. The films sulfurized at 550 oC, showed better homogeneity. EDAX spectra of the sulfurized alloy precursors were consistent with the formation of CTS. The film obtained at the lower sulfurization temperature had two band gaps as a consequence of the mixture of phases present in the sample. The film obtained at the higher sulfurization temperature had an energy band gap of 1.5 eV, which falls within the range of values reported in literature. The present work provides a new synthesis route for the electrodeposition of CTS thin film for device applications.
Functional dyspepsia (according to the materials of the European guidelines)
Authors:   Kharkiv National Medical University, Sergienko O.I. , Oparin O.A.   ,   Kharkiv National Medical University
Published: February 2023

Functional dyspepsia (FD) is a common disorder of the interaction between the gastrointestinal tract and the brain, affecting approximately 7% of people in the community. In recent times, significant progress has been made in understanding the complex pathophysiology and new evidence has been obtained regarding the occurrence of FD, with the appearance of the Rome IV criteria, the diagnostic criteria and classification of the disease have been clarified. The British Gastroenterological Society in 2022 has published a guideline with evidence-based recommendations for the diagnosis and management of patients with FD. The article is devoted to the review of European recommendations on the problem of FD.
Alexander Mikhailovich Shumlyansky (1748-1795): historiography.
Authors:   Sumy State University, Vasyliev Y. , Vasyliev K. ,   Odessa National Medical University
Published: February 2023

For the first time, a critical analysis of publications about Professor A.M. Shumlyansky was carried out for more than two centuries. Erroneous statements and errors are revealed; the gaps in Professor’s biography, which were subject to research, are indicated. The periodization of historiography is proposed. 1) Pre-Soviet period. In 1812 the first article about Professor was published. It is shown that the article has the character of a primary source, serving as the basis for the presentation of his subsequent biographies. 2) The Soviet period. During this period S.L. Sobol’s fundamental research saw the light. He introduced into scientific circulation and published a number of materials from the home archive of A.M. Shumlyansky. He described in detail his contribution to science. In this connection, he published a translation into Russian the second part of the Latin dissertation of Dr. Shumlyansky. 3) Post-Soviet period. On the one hand, a study appeared confirming the priority of Professor Shumlyansky, and on the other hand, an emphasis was placed on social history in the study of his biography.
Decalogue as the basis of the moral education of the individual.
Authors:   Ukrainian Institute of Arts and Sciences, Koreshchuk I.I. , Kampen K.S. ,   Ukrainian Institute of Arts and Sciences, Chechin I.P. ,   Ukrainian Institute of Arts and Sciences
Published: February 2023

The relevance of the research topic lies in the universality for modern times of the well-known Law of God, called the Ten Commandments. One of the biblical lines that can be used to characterize the global activity of modern humanity is recorded in the Book of Genesis 6:5, it is a remark of Jesus with the following meaning – “the thoughts of their hearts were evil daily.” In the context of the fact that the modern world is full of violence, wars, treachery, revenge, meanness, ambition, etc. sinful deeds, this thesis seems quite true. Such relationships and conflicts generate suffering, oppression, disrespect and other negative consequences that spoil the lives of families, states and civilizations in general. In the course of the study, it was established that when the world was created, God gave people the right to freedom, which consists in the fact that they can choose ways of life development, self-government, etc. This principle was to play an important role in the relationship between mankind and the Creator. After the Fall, the moral and ethical values of mankind developed in the direction of indulging their whims, which ultimately became the basis for the degradation of the moral education of the individual. It is determined that the principles that are based on the texts of the Bible, in particular the books of Exodus chapter 20 and Deuteronomy chapter 5, are universal for modern times. There is written the Decalogue, commonly known as the Ten Commandments. According to the findings of the study, he was supposed to become a measure of the righteousness of mankind. It has been determined that theologians, philosophers and scientists have been studying the importance of this law and the possibilities of its practical application for centuries. It has been established that the issue of the Ten Commandments as the basis of moral education of a person still attracts Bible researchers, motivating the latter to establish or refute these bases in the context of eras, or on the contrary to affirm them. That is why, outlining the importance of studying the connotation of the Decalogue for the people of the 21st century. Is an actual scientific direction. The purpose of the research is to study the interpretation of the content of the Ten Commandments as a tool for moral education of the individual. The problems of the study of the Decalogue are characterized by scientific searches related to the establishment of relevant moral and ethical values that resonate with modern concepts of civilization. Generally established norms of behavior serve to ensure a prosperous coexistence.