bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Birth of Regional Arrangements and the Intersec- tion of Mutual Recognition: Connection-Comparison between the Japan-U.S. Security Treaty (1951) and the ROK-U.S. Mutual Defense Treaty (1953)
Authors:   Korean Association For Political And Diplomatic History, Kim Soong-bae
Published: March 2023

This study examined the Security Treaty Between the United States and Japan, which was born in 1951, and the Mutual Defense Treaty Between the Republic of Korea and the United States of America, which was born in 1953, from the viewpoint of connection-comparison. First, in the background of the two treaties was the emphasis laid on the United Nations Charter, which advocated internationalism. Second, there was a difference in the concept of defense between the two treaties. The Security Treaty Between the United States and Japan was conscious of international communism, but placed more weight on securing the autonomy of US forces in Japan than on defense of Japan. On the other hand, the Mutual Defense Treaty Between the Republic of Korea and the United States of America, which declared joint defense and mutual aid, had a device to block international communism, Japanese right-wing totalitarianism, and South Korea's reunification of the North but there was a crack where the function of the Security Treaty Between the United States and Japan, which was concluded earlier, was added. Third, before signing the Security Treaty Between the United States and Japan, Shigeru Yoshida envisioned a regional security that would prohibit South Korea from possessing military power at the same level as Japan, which cannot have military power due to the Peace Constitution. To him, Korea was a buffer zone. Meanwhile, Syngman Rhee's multilateral regional security initiative also foundered, but his hope for a stronger treaty than the Security Treaty Between the United States and Japan was relatively fulfilled. However, even after the birth of the Mutual Defense Treaty Between the Republic of Korea and the United States of America, Syngman Rhee viewed Japan as a threatening country, and Yoshida viewed the power of the Security Treaty Between the United States and Japan as useful against Korea as well.
Assessment of Volume Status in Chronic Hemodialysis: Comparison of Lung Ultrasound to Clinical Practice and Bioimpedance
Authors: Vareesangthip Kornchanok , Thanapattaraborisuth Banthita , Chanchairujira Kullanuch , Wonglaksanapimon Suwimon , Chanchairujira Thawee
Published: March 2023

Objective: To compare LUS with other volume assessment methods, and to verify the prognostic value of LUS in Thai chronic HD patients.

Materials and Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study in 36 chronic HD patients. Volume status before the HD session was evaluated by physical examinations, bioimpedance analysis (BIA), and ultrasound lung comets (ULCs). Mortality and morbidities were recorded during a 1-year follow-up period.

Results: The degree of lung fluid accumulation was assessed by summation of the number of ULCs, and was classified into 3 groups: mild-to-moderate (ULC<15–29), severe (ULC=30–59), and very severe (ULC>60) in 11.1%, 77.8%, and 11.1% of the patients, respectively. Either clinical edema or lung crackle had low sensitivity (20-32%) to detect extravascular lung water excess in patient with mild-to-moderate ULC and severe ULC. Overhydration assessed by BIA was found in 75% and 64.3% of patients with mild-to-moderate and severe ULC, respecively.  In patients with very severe ULC, the admission rate due to volume overload was significantly higher, there was also a trend of increased mortality, as well as intradialytic complications.

Conclusion: Clinical assessment and BIA have limited value in determining extravascular fluid excess in the lung. Lung ultrasound is a useful tool to detect subclinical pulmonary congestion. The long-term outcome by using LUS-guided fluid management needs larger population studies.
An Assessment of the Validity and Reliability of the Social-Media Addiction Screening Scale (S-MASS)
Authors: Chanpen Sirinda , Pornnoppadol Chanvit , Vasupanrajit Asara , Dejatiwongse Na Ayudhya Quankamon
Published: March 2023

Objective: The excessive use of social media can lead to addiction among many vulnerable individuals. Hence, the utilization of a valid and reliable screening test to assess social media addiction is warranted.
Materials and Methods: The Social-Media Addiction Screening Scale (S-MASS) is a newly developed, self-report screening scale containing 16 items that assess the three main components of behavioral addiction: giving priority, impaired control, and negative consequences. The S-MASS reliability was measured using Cronbachs alpha. An exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were employed to assess the S-MASS factorial validity. A latent profile analysis (LPA) was also carried out to identify the classes of problematic social media users.
Results: In all, 5,068 participants aged 13 years were recruited from five high schools and an online survey. Cronbachs alpha for the S-MASS was 0.90 (95% CI: 0.890.90), indicating excellent test reliability. The EFA and CFA revealed a good factorial validity for the S-MASS. Based on the LPA, the participants were classed as “lowrisk” (n = 1,227; 24.2%), “moderate-risk” (n = 2,757; 54.4%), and “high-risk” (n = 1,084; 21.4%) problematic social media users. The key differences between these classes were gender, age, necessity to use social media for work, self-perception of addiction, and time spent on social media.
Conclusion: The S-MASS is a valid and reliable screening scale for social media addiction. The criterion validity of the S-MASS should be evaluated once formal diagnostic criteria for social media addiction become available.
Evidence that agri-environmental measures in arable fields could be a conservation benefit to northern vipers Vipera berus and other reptiles
Authors: HODGES RICK , SEABROOK CLIFFORD , WELSH VANESSA , ALEXANDER WILLIAM
Published: March 2023

In Britain, some reptiles species have been formally recorded inhabiting arable field margins but previous reports on the incidence of northern vipers or adders Vipera berus in this situation have been anecdotal. In 2017, reptile monitoring was initiated in a field margin that had been created ten years earlier and was located near two chalk grassland nature reserves with established viper populations. In the first three years of recording, numbers of vipers in the field margin were low and limited to a few juveniles and adults. In the fourth year, there was a noticeable increase in number, which were now represented by all life stages. In the fifth year the population doubled again and then remained stable in the sixth year. A similar encounter trajectory was observed for grass snakes, while slow worms and common lizard encounters had different trajectories. There was some evidence of vipers moving between the nature reserves and field margin, even crossing a road to do so, but at least 75 % of vipers in the field margin were only ever detected there. The arable field was mostly used for cropping cereals and oilseeds but, exceptionally, in the three years from 2016 to 2018 it was put down to herbal leys of red clover and grass. In the USA and continental Europe, red clover is known to be a preferred dietary item of voles Microtus spp and has been associated with vole population increase. It is suggested that the increase in the viper population in the field margin may relate to a rise in the number of voles, which are an important component of the viper diet. Likewise, for grass snakes, small mammals may contribute 25 % or more of their diet. The use of herbal leys may present an important opportunity for the conservation of northern vipers in field margins and other adjacent habitats.
Fenomena Dampak Negatif Media Sosial Terhadap Keharmonisan Rumah Tangga
Authors: Ahmad Muthi uddin
Published: March 2023

Tujuan pernikahan yang dilakukan oleh setiap manusia di bumi ini tidak lain adalah guna menciptakan keluarga yang harmonis serta bahagia. Pernikahan menyatukan perbedaan antara dua manusia. Perbedaan antara keduanya haruslah dikelola dengan bijaksana, saling menerima serta memahami bahwa perbedaan adalah fitrah. Dewasa ini penyebab rusaknya kerharmonisan sangat bermacam-macam.Seperti perselingkuhan, termasuk pengaruh Media Sosial pada putusan PA No. 0422/ pdt.G/2016/PA.Kdr, tentang ketidak harmonisan disebabkan selingkuh melalui medsos atau Hand phone sebagai latar belakang perceraian. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode observasi dan wawancara kepada hakim, panitera serta pihak pemohon perceraian. Berdasarkan penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa kurangnya komunikasi antara kedua pasangan serta kurang bijak dalam bermedia sosial hingga lalai terhadap tanggungjawab masing-masing menjadi salah satu faktor perceraian di Kediri.
Pengangkatan Wali Hakim Untuk Pasangan Hamil Di Luar Nikah Perspektif Hukum Islam
Authors: Moh. Abu Muhni Rizkon  , Ahmad Badi
Published: March 2023

Posisi wali amat penting dalam sebuah akad perkawinan dan yang berhak menadi wali adalah wali nasab, hal ini tertera dalam KHI pasal 19-22. Namun dalam kenyataannya ada faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan wali nasabnya tidak ada atau enggan untuk menikahkan putrinya. Faktor tersebut adalah hamil di luar nikah, hal ini tentu menjadi aib bagi keluarganya. Dalam hal ini agar pernikahan bisa tetap dilanjutkan maka para ulama membolehkan memakai wali hakim tentunya dengan syarat-syarat tertentu.penelitian ini dilakukan di KUA Kecamatan Mojo Kabupaten Kediri. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif yaitu dengan mengamati fenomena penggunaan wali hakim terhadap pasangan Married By Accident di KUA Kecamatan Mojo Kabupaten Kediri lalu data yang diperoleh disajikan dengan metode deskriptif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa implementasi aturan islam terhadap wali hakim terhadap pasangan married by accident ialah adalah legal (sah). Hal ini memandang sisi mudhorotnya yang begitu besar bila tidak dinikahkan, anak setelah lahir akan memiliki beban psikologis karena tak punya bapak, keluarga akan menanggung beban moral seumur hidup.
The Effect Of Electronic Banking On The Performance Of Companies In The Banking Sector Listed On The Indonesia Stock Exchange
Authors: Ramadani Suci
Published: March 2023

This research aims to examine and analyze the effect of the provision of electronic banking (ATM and Mobile banking) of financial performance againts banking by using banking data listed on the Indonesia stock exchange (BEI) in 2018-2020. This saw the current banking condition requaires banks to adapts with condition and situation that happened because technological development will have an impact in all aspects of life, including the world of banking. This type of research is quatitative, sampling uses a purposive sampling technique. With the number of samples is as much as 38 bank. The analytical method used is multiple linear regression analysis.This result show that ATM has a significant positive effect on financial performance. While mobile banking has not significant effect on financial performance. With ROA as a measure of financial performance
Influência do consumo alimentar na prevalência de sobrepeso na sociedade
Authors: Costa Jardel Alves da , Barros Gabrielly Martins de , Carneiro Cláudia Resende , Freire Layanna Moreira , Moraes Francisco Railan Alves de , Martins Tayane Moura , Sousa Francisco Wagner dos Santos , Costa Luciana Aparecida Silva , Nascimento Flávia Augusta do , Silva Thallyson da Silva e
Published: March 2023

A Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) relatou que a prevalência mundial de obesidade quase triplicou desde 1975, e 13% dos adultos com idade ≥18 anos eram obesos em 2016. Ao mesmo tempo, as dietas globais mudaram notavelmente de dietas tradicionais baseadas em refeições preparadas na hora para dietas modernas compostas de grandes quantidades de alimentos embalados e processados. O trabalho objetivou realizar revisão integrativa da literatura afim de sintetizar informações acerca do impacto do consumo de alimentos ultraprocessados no aumento do risco de sobrepeso. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura construída de acordo com as seguintes etapas: elaboração da pergunta norteadora, busca ou amostragem na literatura, coleta de dados, análise crítica dos estudos incluídos, discussão dos resultados e apresentação da revisão integrativa. Após a elegibilidade/avaliação crítica dos textos completos de 24 registros, 6 atenderam aos critérios de inclusão e prosseguiram para fase de extração de dados, leitura exaustiva e síntese do conhecimento. Os estudos aqui explanados sugerem que o consumo de ultraprocessados aumenta o risco de sobrepeso e obesidade nas populações de diferentes localizações geográficas, enfatizando a necessidade do aumento de políticas de controle dessas comorbidades, principalmente através de estratégias focadas na alimentação e nutrição.
Características da tuberculose entre crianças e adolescentes em um município da Amazônia Ocidental
Authors: Xavier Jaine do Nascimento , Souza Gisele Aparecida Soares Cunha de , Orfão Nathalia Halax
Published: March 2023

A elucidação dos casos paucibacilar, forma oligossintomática e inespecificidade dos sintomas dificultam o diagnóstico da TB em menores de 10 anos. Neste sentido, este estudo teve como objetivo analisar a associação das características da tuberculose entre crianças e adolescentes em Porto Velho-RO. Estudo descritivo, realizado de forma transversal e abordagem quantitativa a partir dos registros dos casos de tuberculose, com menores de 18 anos e residentes no município, no Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação, no período de 2008 a 2018. Posteriormente, os dados foram analisados por meio de distribuição de frequência, teste Qui-quadrado e exato de Fisher, bem como análise de resíduos para verificar a associação, considerando um nível de significância de 5%. Verificou-se que, no período analisado, houve diferença estatística para escolaridade (p=0,001), exame de baciloscopia de escarro (p=0,009), radiografia do tórax (p=0,035), unidade de saúde de notificação (p=0,000) e de tratamento (p=0,000), além da situação de encerramento (p=0,003). Embora algumas variáveis não tenham apresentado diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre crianças e adolescentes, é importante refletir sobre as ações realizadas e preenchimento no sistema de informação para a formulação das ações e estratégias. Torna-se necessário a implementação de estratégias voltadas a atender as particularidades deste público identificando precocemente os casos e articulando os diferentes níveis de atenção para o manejo e cogestão dos casos, com protagonismo e inserção de forma resolutiva pela Atenção Primária à Saúde.
New Evidence and Novel Therapies for Severe Asthma Management
Authors: Charles Caroline
Published: March 2023

The 2014 European Respiratory Society International Congress, held last month from 6th-10th September in Munich, Germany, provided a platform for key opinion leaders in the field of asthma management to disseminate new clinical data and recent developments. Despite the use of high-dose inhaled corticosteroids and long-acting β2 agonists, a proportion of patients still have uncontrolled disease and are at risk of exacerbation and hospitalisations, thus requiring the use of intermittent or continuous oral corticosteroid therapy. In severe uncontrolled asthma, exacerbations can be potentially life-threatening, and are the main cause for morbidity and mortality in asthma patients, necessitating considerable healthcare resource utilisation. Consequently, there remains an unmet need for newer therapies to manage asthma in several patient subsets, for which current therapeutic options do not yield adequate benefits and outcomes.
Event-Driven Studies and Serious Chronic Diseases: Addressing Placebo, Drug Efficacy, and Treatment Failure in Pulmonary Artery Hypertension
Authors: Gall Henning , Corris Paul
Published: March 2023

Clinical development of novel therapies for pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH) requires trials of larger patient cohorts, who are studied for longer periods and with more robust and meaningful efficacy endpoints, using event-driven studies. When employing an event-driven methodology in orphan conditions such as PAH, it is important to consider study endpoints, the use of placebo, and the approach used for treatment. The most relevant clinical endpoints in rare conditions, such as death, can be a rare event in the trial duration. The use of composite or surrogate endpoints based on biomarkers can provide a wealth of information regarding benefits observed in randomised controlled trials (RCTs). Biomarkers that predict morbidity and mortality at an early stage are required. The use of placebo in event-driven studies of PAH is a growing issue, as the development of novel treatments over past years means that future therapies possibly cannot be compared against placebo. Crossover study designs, randomised discontinuation trials, registry trials, and re-randomisation may instead be utilised in RCTs of PAH. Owing to the heterogeneity of responses to PAH treatment, differing strategic approaches should be assessed in RCTs including combination therapy and sequential therapy.
Asthma in Pregnancy
Authors: Ivancsó István , Bohács Anikó , Eszes Noémi , Losonczy György , Tamási Lilla
Published: March 2023

Asthma is a common disease among pregnant women. Uncontrolled asthma may increase the risk of maternal and foetal complications, thus optimal asthma management is elemental during pregnancy. Therapy must aim to control the disease; asthmatic women with controlled asthma should continue taking their medications during pregnancy, and maintenance therapy should be increased if asthma is not controlled. Most of the asthma medications have no effects on foetal growth. Although oral corticosteroids may confer an increased risk of lower birth weight and congenital malformations, benefit-risk considerations still favour their use in patients with asthma exacerbations during pregnancy. This review summarises immunological changes characterising asthmatic pregnancy and the clinical implications of asthma management during pregnancy.
Weakly acidic microenvironment of the wound bed boosting the efficacy of acidic fibroblast growth factor to promote skin regeneration
Authors: Pan Qiao , Fan Ruyi , Chen Rui , Yuan Jiayi , Chen Shixuan , Cheng Biao
Published: March 2023

The pH value within the wound microenvironment influences indirectly and directly all biochemical reactions taking place in the process of skin wound healing. Currently, it is generally believed that a low pH value, such as it is found on normal skin, is favorable for wound regeneration, while some investigations have shown that in fact alkaline microenvironments are required for some healing processes. The role of growth factors in promoting wound healing requires a specific microenvironment. In wound microenvironments of different pH, growth factors with different isoelectric points may have different effects. To explore whether the application of FGF with different isoelectric points in wounds with different pH values interferes with the healing process to different degrees, GelMA hydrogels with different pH values were prepared to maintain the wounds microenvironment with the same pH values, in which aFGF and bFGF were loaded as well. The results show that GelMA hydrogels of different pH values maintained the same pH of the wound microenvironment sustainably on the 4th day. Moreover, aFGF and bFGF promoted skin wound healing to varying degrees in different pH wound microenvironments. In particular, aFGF significantly promoted wound re-epithelialization in a weak acidic microenvironment, while bFGF promoted collagen synthesis and deposition in the early stage of weak acid wounds. In addition, aFGF plays a superior role in inhibiting inflammation in weak acidic wounds.
Potential effect of luteolin, epiafzelechin, and albigenin on rats under cadmium-induced inflammatory insult: In silico and in vivo approach
Authors: Shahzadi Andleeb , Tariq Nusrat , Sonmez Haktan , Waquar Sulayman , Zahid Ayesha , Javed Muhammad Ahsan , Ashraf Muhammad Yasin , Malik Arif , Ozturk Munir
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Cadmium(Cd) an industrial poison present abundantly in the environment, causes human toxicity by an inflammatory process. Chronic exposure of cadmium can cause a number of molecular lesions that could be relevant to oncogenesis, through indirect or epigenetic mechanisms, potentially including abnormal activation of oncogenes and suppression of apoptosis by depletion of antioxidants. As induction of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 is linked to inflammatory processes, use of luteolin, epiafzelechin, and albigenin alone or in different combinations may be used as anti-inflammatory therapeutic agents.

Methods: We, herein, performed in silico experiments to check the binding affinity of phytochemicals and their therapeutic effect against COX-2 in cadmium administered rats. Wistar albino rats were given phytochemicals in different combinations to check their anti-inflammatory activities against cadmium intoxication. The level of alanine aminotransferases (ALT), 4-hydroxynonenal (4HNE), 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), isoprostanes (IsoP-2α), COX-2, and malondialdehyde (MDA) were estimated with their respective ELISA and spectrophotometric methods.

Results: The generated results show that phytocompounds possessed good binding energy potential against COX-2, and common interactive behavior was observed in all docking studies. Moreover, the level of ALT, 4HNE, 8-OHdG, TNF-α, IsoP-2α, malondialdehyde, and COX-2 were significantly increased in rats with induced toxicity compared to the control group, whereas in combinational therapy of phytocompounds, the levels were significantly decreased in the group.

Discussion: Taken together, luteolin, epiafzelechin, and albigenin can be used as anti-inflammatory therapeutic agents for future novel drug design, and thus it may have therapeutic importance against cadmium toxicity.
Optimization and standardization of mNGS-based procedures for the diagnosis of Mycoplasma periprosthetic joint infection: A novel diagnostic strategy for rare bacterial periprosthetic joint infection
Authors: Cai Yuanqing , Ding Haiqi , Chen Xiaoqing , Chen Yang , Huang Changyu , Zhang Chaofan , Huang Zida , Huang Ying , Li Wenbo , Zhang Wenming , Fang Xinyu
Published: March 2023

Introduction

The diagnosis of Mycoplasma periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is rather difficult due to its rarity and difficult in isolation, there are not standardized diagnostic procedure for Mycoplasma PJI presently. This study aimed to reported a metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS)-based diagnostic strategy for Mycoplasma PJI.

Methods

In the present study, we have reported the largest number of Mycoplasma PJI that were precisely diagnosed by mNGS and verified by optimized microbial culture methods and (or) 16S PCR polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Results

The positive rate of optimized microbial culture methods and 16S PCR in the detection of Mycoplasma PJI was 57.14% and 71.43%, respectively. The infections were well controlled by targeted treatment in all cases.

Conclusion

The standardized and optimized procedure based on mNGS presented in this study is useful for the diagnosis of Mycoplasma PJI, which might also be provided as a novel diagnostic strategy for rare bacterial PJI.
Relationship between left atrial appendage peak flow velocity and nonvalvular atrial fibrillation recurrence after cryoablation
Authors: Wang Long , Zhang Yan , Zhou Wei , Chen Jingjing , Li Yongkang , Tang Qian , Chen Bingxiu , Zhang Huiling , Zellmer Lucas , Chen Jin , Chen Zhangrong , Li Wei , Liu Xingde , Zhou Haiyan
Published: March 2023

Background

Previous studies revealed the connection between left atrial appendage peak flow velocity (LAA-PEV) and postoperative persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) recurrence. Yet, this association is not necessarily generalizable to persistent AF patients undergoing initial cryoballoon ablation due to current gaps in the literature.

Methods

We prospectively studied 74 consecutive individuals with persistent atrial fibrillation undergoing a cryoballoon ablation for the first time between January 2018 and January 2020. Before ablation, LAA-PEV was documented by transesophageal echocardiography (TEE). Subsequently, demographic information and other clinical characteristics of these participants were collected. A 96-h continuous cardiac monitor was reviewed regularly for recurrence of atrial fibrillation. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to investigate LAA-PEV as well as other clinical characteristics as a predictor of AF recurrence.

Results

Our study found that AF recurrences had lower LAA-PEV than those without AF recurrence. A nonlinear relationship between the LAA-PEV and AF recurrence was observed in this study, which had an inflection point of 34.9. Subgroup analysis of female participants showed that LAA-PEV had a positive correlation with AF recurrence [β = 0.8, 95% CI (0.7, 0.9), p < 0.05].

Conclusion

A low LAA-PEV is related to recurrence of atrial fibrillation and may predict AF recurrence after initial cryoballoon ablation for persistent atrial fibrillation. This finding may help improve treatment and care strategies for patients with persistent atrial fibrillation.
Fluid management in septic patients with pulmonary hypertension, review of the literature
Authors: Asllanaj Blerina , Benge Elizabeth , Bae Jieun , McWhorter Yi
Published: March 2023

The management of sepsis in patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH) is challenging due to significant conflicting goals of management and complex hemodynamics. As PH progresses, the ability of right heart to perfuse lungs at a normal central venous pressure (CVP) is impaired. Elevated pulmonary vascular pressure, due to pulmonary vasoconstriction and vascular remodeling, opposes blood flow through lungs thus limiting the ability of right ventricle (RV) to increase cardiac output (CO) and maintain adequate oxygen delivery to tissue. In sepsis without PH, avoidance of volume depletion with intravascular volume replacement, followed by vasopressor therapy if hypoperfusion persists, remains the cornerstone of therapy. Intravenous fluid (IVF) resuscitation based on individualized hemodynamic assessment can help improve the prognosis of critically ill patients. This is accomplished by optimizing CO by maintaining adequate preload, afterload and contractility. Particular challenges in patients with PH include RV failure as a result of pressure and volume overload, gas exchange abnormalities, and managing IVF and diuretic use. Suggested approaches to remedy these difficulties include early recognition of symptoms associated with pressure and volume overload, intravascular volume management strategies and serial lab monitoring to assess electrolytes and renal function.
Enhanced external counterpulsation improves dysfunction of forearm muscle caused by radial artery occlusion
Authors: Wang Zhenyu , Yao Chun , Huang Lihan , Liang Jianwen , Zhang Xiaocong , Shi Jian , Wei Wenbin , Zhou Jing , Zhang Yahui , Wu Guifu
Published: March 2023

Objective

This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect of enhanced external counterpulsation (EECP) on radial artery occlusion (RAO) through the oscillatory shear (OS) and pulsatile shear (PS) models of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and RAO dog models.

Methods

We used high-throughput sequencing data GSE92506 in GEO database to conduct time-series analysis of functional molecules on OS intervened HUVECs, and then compared the different molecules and their functions between PS and OS. Additionally, we studied the effect of EECP on the radial artery hemodynamics in Labrador dogs through multi-channel physiological monitor. Finally, we studied the therapeutic effect of EECP on RAO at the histological level through Hematoxylin–Eosin staining, Masson staining, ATPase staining and immunofluorescence in nine Labrador dogs.

Results

With the extension of OS intervention, the cell cycle decreased, blood vessel endothelial cell proliferation and angiogenesis responses of HUVECs were down-regulated. By contrast, the inflammation and oxidative stress responses and the related pathways of anaerobic metabolism of HUVECs were up-regulated. Additionally, we found that compared with OS, PS can significantly up-regulate muscle synthesis, angiogenesis, and NO production related molecules. Meanwhile, PS can significantly down-regulate inflammation and oxidative stress related molecules. The invasive arterial pressure monitoring showed that 30Kpa EECP treatment could significantly increase the radial artery peak pressure (p = 0.030, 95%CI, 7.236–82.524). Masson staining showed that RAO significantly increased muscle interstitial fibrosis (p = 0.002, 95%CI, 0.748–2.128), and EECP treatment can reduce this change (p = 0.011, 95%CI, −1.676 to −0.296). ATPase staining showed that RAO significantly increased the area of type II muscle fibers (p = 0.004, 95%CI, 7.181–25.326), and EECP treatment could reduce this change (p = 0.001, 95%CI, −29.213 to −11.069). In addition, immunofluorescence showed that EECP increased angiogenesis in muscle tissue (p = 0.035, 95%CI, 0.024–0.528).

Conclusion

EECP improves interstitial fibrosis and hypoxia, and increases angiogenesis of muscle tissue around radial artery induced by RAO.
Three-dimensional coseismic displacements and slip distribution of the 2021 Mw 7.4 maduo earthquake: Synergy of SAR, InSAR and optical images
Authors: Hua Jun , Gong Wenyu , Shan Xinjian , Zhang Guohong , Song Xiaogang
Published: March 2023

On 21 May 2021, an earthquake of moment magnitude (Mw) 7.4 occurred near Maduo county in Qinghai Province China. This is the first major earthquake that occurred in the interior of the Bayan Har block in the Tibetan Plateau over the past 70 decades. Focusing on this event, we conducted a study on three-dimensional (3D) coseismic displacement reconstruction and its tectonic implication. We acquired both Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) and optical imaging satellite imagery, including SAR images from Sentinel-1 and Advanced Land Observation Satellite-2 (ALOS-2) as well as the multi-spectrum images from the Sentinel-2 (S2) satellite. We applied the Interferometric SAR (InSAR) and pixel-offset tracking (POT) techniques to coseismic SAR data pairs and reconstructed two dimensional displacements. With the constructed displacement fields in multiple viewing directions, we resolved the 3D coseismic displacements (north-south, east-west, and up components) by integrating the regional strain model with variance components estimation (SM-VCE). We recommend using the standard deviation value at each grid cell, which can be calculated in the resampling, as the initial weight. Based on the resolved 3D coseismic displacements, we further estimated the dip angles for the two segments (F4 and F5) in the east of the rupture zone. The associated moment magnitude is about Mw7.4, which corresponds to the released energy of ∼ 1.74×1020 Nm.
Mechanisms of air breakdowns for aluminum conductors steel reinforced wire-wire gaps induced by propane jet flames
Authors: Chen Siyi , You Fei , Xu Jixiang , Wang Zhenhua , Zhang Yun , Zhao Yaopeng , Yang Haoyuan , Jiang Zhiqiang
Published: March 2023

In recent years, events of transmission line tripping caused by wildfires have occurred frequently in many mountain areas. In order to understand the mechanism of such events, an experimental system for simulating breakdown discharge processes of model wires induced by a simulated fire source is designed. In this experiment, propane jet flame (somewhat like eruptive fires in real wild fires) is used as a simulated flame source. By setting three different gas flow rates and five different wire-wire gaps, discharge breakdown behaviors and characteristics between two ACSR (aluminum conductors steel reinforced) segments in propane flames with three flame zones are explored. The influences of these different factors on the breakdown characteristics and mechanisms of wire-wire air gaps are analyzed. Results show that breakdown voltages increase almost linearly with the increase of wire-wire gaps in continuous zone of the flames for three gas flow rates. For a short wire-wire gap like 5.0 cm, the pilot discharge channels can be formed more easily, stably and completely under a lower voltage and weaker external ionization environment. The propane jet flame conditions are complex and affected by multiple actions like initial jet force (affected by gas flow rate), temperature distribution, soot particle, ion wind. As a result, local electric field will be distorted, a streamer channel is established dependently in different cases. These factors play individual, competitive or synergistic roles at the same time in breakdowns of real ACSR wire-wire gaps.
Bear or bear-dog? An enigmatic arctoid carnivoran from the late Eocene of Asia
Authors: Zhang Xin-Yue , Bai Bin , Wang Yuan-Qing
Published: March 2023

Records of Paleogene arctoids are scarce in Asia, but there are abundant records in Europe and North America. In this study, we report a new arctoid taxon, Lonchocyon qiui gen. et sp. nov., from the late Eocene Baron Sog Formation of the Erlian Basin, Inner Mongolia, China. This is the first report of a relatively complete, large arctoid taxon from the Erlian Basin. The new taxon is characterized by its overall large size; a deep mandible with a marginal process and a rudimentary premasseteric fossa; and much-reduced premolars, including p4, sectorial carnassial m1 with basined talonid, and unreduced m2-3. Lonchocyon exhibits a combination of morphologies present in both amphicyonids and the early ursid hemicyonines. The mandibular force profiles suggest that Lonchocyon could have delivered powerful canine bites while subduing prey, like large felids do today, and it may have occupied a specialized ecological niche as a predator consuming both soft flesh and hard objects.
Disentangling the heterogeneous effects of different support policies on livestock and poultry farmers’ willingness to utilize manure resources: Evidence from central China
Authors: Xiaoke Gu , Hongmei Du , Khan Jamal
Published: March 2023

China’s livestock and poultry industries have undergone massive transformations, with far-reaching implications for resource consumption and environmental issues. Utilizing waste resources from livestock and poultry, which requires increased farmer participation, is critical for China to meet its goal of lowering carbon emissions while also advancing high-quality animal husbandry. To this end, this study develops a model based on stimulus-organism-response (SOR) theory to explore the impact of different policy instruments on farmers’ willingness to utilize resources, as well as the mediating effect of farmers’ perception and the moderating effect of farmers’ attitude toward risk. Using OLS and Bootstrap estimation on survey data from 607 farmers from 11 counties in China’s Hunan province, this study reaches the following main results. First, incentive policies have a significant positive effect on farmers’ willingness to utilize resources. The service policy has the greatest positive impact among the various incentive policies considered, followed by the subsidy policy, while the impact of the propaganda policy is insignificant. Second, farmers’ perceptions mediate the effect of incentive policies on their willingness to utilize resources. Finally, risk attitude negatively impacts farmers’ willingness to utilize resources, indicating that the more conservative a farmer’s risk preference, the greater the impact of farmers’ perception on willingness to utilize resources, and vice versa. To achieve sustainable livestock production, policymakers should prioritize measures that can improve and strengthen regulatory control, encourage education and technology adoption related to resource utilization, and offer subsidies for manure treatment and utilization.
Effects of financial development, FDI and good governance on environmental degradation in the Arab nation: Dose technological innovation matters?
Authors: Ju Shuwen , Andriamahery Anselme , Qamruzzaman Md , Kor Sylvia
Published: March 2023

The motivation of the study is to gauge the impact of financial development, FDI, Technological innovation, and good governance on environmental degradation in the Arab Nation for the period 1991–2019. Several techniques have implemented, including error correction-based cointegration, cross-sectional ARDL, Non-linear ARDL and Heterogeneous causality test for directional causality. The results of Slope of homogeneity, CSD and unit root test following CIPS and CADF, revealed that research variables are exposed with heterogeneity properties, cross-sectionally dependent, and all the variables become stationary after the first difference. The long-run cointegration between explained and explanatory variables established through error correction based cointegrating test. Referring to results derived from CS-ARDL, study exposed financial development has a detrimental effect on environmental sustainability, suggesting the intensification of CO2 emission and ecological instability. On the other hand, the role of FDI, GG, and TI exposed beneficiary in mitigating the environmental adversity. The asymmetric assessment revealed asymmetric association between explained and core explanatory variables which is valid in the long-run and short-run horizon. Finally, the casual association, study unveiled bidirectional causality between FDI, TI and ED [FDI←→ED; TI←→ED]. On the policy note, the study advocated that environmental improvement through financial channels should be efficiently monitored in the case of credit extension and incorporation with existing environmental policies.
Can climate policy promote high-quality development of enterprises? Evidence from China
Authors: Cai Xiaoshan , Huang Yiting , Ying Sammy Xiaoyan , Chen He
Published: March 2023

Climate policy is of great importance for China’s climate goals of achieving peak carbon emissions by 2030 and carbon neutrality by 2060. However, whether the climate policy can consider economic performance and achieve high-quality economic development remains to be tested. Based on the perspective of high-quality economic development, this study takes three batches of low-carbon city pilots in China as a quasi-natural experiment and uses time-varying difference-in-differences to examine the impact of climate policy on high-quality development of enterprises. The findings show that the current climate policy in general does not promote the high-quality development of enterprises, when comprehensively considering the gradually strengthening regulation intensity of pilot policy in batches. The result holds after a battery of robustness tests. Further analysis shows that the economic mechanism behind it lies in that the environmental regulation arising from the climate policy only triggers the “compliance costs effect” instead of the “innovation offset effect.” It also finds that the inhibition effect of climate policy on high-quality development is more pronounced for non-state-owned enterprises, small-scale enterprises, and the sample with strong local environmental law enforcement. The findings of this study would complement existing theoretical research via evaluating the effectiveness of China’s current low-carbon policy at the micro level and provide policy implications for the implementation of future climate policies so as to mitigate climate change and achieve high-quality economic development. In addition, our estimation strategy can serve as a scientific reference for similar studies in other developing countries.
The Wastewater Contamination Index: A methodology to assess the risk of wastewater contamination from satellite-derived water quality indicators
Authors: de Liz Arcari Amanda , Tavora Juliana , van der Wal Daphne , Salama Mhd. Suhyb
Published: March 2023

One of the major sources of pollution affecting inland and coastal waters is related to poorly treated or untreated wastewater discharge, particularly in urbanized watersheds. The excess of nutrients, organic matter, and pathogens causes an overall deterioration of water quality and impairs valuable ecosystem services. The detection of wastewater pollution is essential for the sustainable management of inland and coastal waters, and remote sensing has the capability of monitoring wastewater contamination at extended spatial scales and repeated frequencies. This study employed satellite-derived water quality indicators and spatiotemporal analysis to assess the risk of wastewater contamination in Conceição Lagoon, a coastal lagoon in Southern Brazil. Using an analytical model, three water quality indicators were derived from Level 2A Sentinel-2 MSI images: the absorption coefficients of chlorophyll-a and detritus combined with coloured dissolved organic matter, and the backscattering coefficient of suspended solids. The temporal standardized anomalies were calculated for each water quality indicator for the period of 2019–2021, and their anomalies during a known outfall event were used to evaluate spatial variation modes. The spatial mode explaining most of the variability was used to estimate weights for the water quality indicators anomalies in a linear transformation that can indicate the risk of wastewater contamination. Results showed that the wastewater spatial mode for this region was characterized by positive anomalies of backscattering coefficient of particulate matter and absorption coefficient of detritus combined with coloured dissolved organic matter, each with a relative importance of 50%. The application of this spatiotemporal analysis was formulated as the Wastewater Contamination Index. With the aid of photographic records, and additional meteorological and water quality data, the results of the index were verified for wastewater outfall events in the study area. The methodology for constructing the proposed Wastewater Contamination Index applies to other locations and can be a valuable tool for operational monitoring of wastewater contamination.
Landslide susceptibility mapping using O-CURE and PAM clustering algorithms
Authors: Mwakapesa Deborah Simon , Lan Xiaoji , Nanehkaran Yaser Ahangari , Mao Yimin
Published: March 2023

Landslide susceptibility mapping (LSM) is a crucial step during landslide assessment and environmental management. Clustering algorithms can construct effective models for LSM. However, a random selection of important parameters, inconsideration of uncertain data, noise data, and large datasets can limit the implementation of clustering in LSM, resulting in low and unreliable performance results. Thus, to address these problems, this study proposed an optimized clustering algorithm named O-CURE, which combines: the traditional Clustering Using REpresentatives algorithm (CURE), that is, efficient for large datasets and noise data, the partition influence weight (PIW)-based method to enhance the selection of sample sets and the city block distance (CIBD) for processing of the uncertain data in CURE clustering during LSM modeling. A database containing 293 landslide location samples, 213 non-landslide samples, and 7 landslide conditioning factors was prepared for the implementation and evaluation of the method. Also, a Multicollinearity analysis was conducted to select the most appropriate factors, and all the factors were acceptable for modeling. Based on O-CURE, landslide density, and the partitioning around medoids (PAM) algorithm a susceptibility map was constructed and classified into very high (33%), high (18%), moderate (24%), low (13%), and very low (12%) landslide susceptible levels. To evaluate the performance of the O-CURE model, five statistic metrics including accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, kappa, and AUC were applied. The analysis shows that O-CURE obtained accuracy = .9368, sensitivity = .9215, specificity = .9577, kappa = .8496, and AUC = .896 is an indication of high-performance capability. Also, the proposed method was compared with the CURE algorithm, three existing clustering methods, and popular supervised learning methods. From this assessment, O-CURE outperformed the other clustering methods while showing significant and more consistent performance than the supervised learning methods. Therefore, we recommend that the O-CURE model and the constructed map can be useful in assessing landslides and contribute to sustainable land-use planning and environmental management in light of future disasters.
Agreement in extreme precipitation exposure assessment is modified by race and social vulnerability
Authors: Aune Kyle T. , Zaitchik Benjamin F. , Curriero Frank C. , Davis Meghan F. , Smith Genee S.
Published: March 2023

Epidemiologic investigations of extreme precipitation events (EPEs) often rely on observations from the nearest weather station to represent individuals' exposures, and due to structural factors that determine the siting of weather stations, levels of measurement error and misclassification bias may differ by race, class, and other measures of social vulnerability. Gridded climate datasets provide higher spatial resolution that may improve measurement error and misclassification bias. However, similarities in the ability to identify EPEs among these types of datasets have not been explored. In this study, we characterize the overall and temporal patterns of agreement among three commonly used meteorological data sources in their identification of EPEs in all census tracts and counties in the conterminous United States over the 1991–2020 U.S. Climate Normals period and evaluate the association between sociodemographic characteristics with agreement in EPE identification. Daily precipitation measurements from weather stations in the Global Historical Climatology Network (GHCN) and gridded precipitation estimates from the Parameter-elevation Relationships on Independent Slopes Model (PRISM) and the North American Land Data Assimilation System (NLDAS) were compared in their ability to identify EPEs defined as the top 1% of precipitation events or daily precipitation >1 inch. Agreement among these datasets is fair to moderate from 1991 to 2020. There are spatial and temporal differences in the levels of agreement between ground stations and gridded climate datasets in their detection of EPEs in the United States from 1991 to 2020. Spatial variation in agreement is most strongly related to a location's proximity to the nearest ground station, with areas furthest from a ground station demonstrating the lowest levels of agreement. These areas have lower socioeconomic status, a higher proportion of Native American population, and higher social vulnerability index scores. The addition of ground stations in these areas may increase agreement, and future studies intending to use these or similar data sources should be aware of the limitations, biases, and potential for differential misclassification of exposure to EPEs. Most importantly, vulnerable populations should be engaged to determine their priorities for enhanced surveillance of climate-based threats so that community-identified needs are met by any future improvements in data quality.
YOUPI: Your powerful and intelligent tool for segmenting cells from imaging mass cytometry data
Authors: Scuiller Yvonne , Hemon Patrice , Le Rochais Marion , Pers Jacques-Olivier , Jamin Christophe , Foulquier Nathan
Published: March 2023

The recent emergence of imaging mass cytometry technology has led to the generation of an increasing amount of high-dimensional data and, with it, the need for suitable performant bioinformatics tools dedicated to specific multiparametric studies. The first and most important step in treating the acquired images is the ability to perform highly efficient cell segmentation for subsequent analyses. In this context, we developed YOUPI (Your Powerful and Intelligent tool) software. It combines advanced segmentation techniques based on deep learning algorithms with a friendly graphical user interface for non-bioinformatics users. In this article, we present the segmentation algorithm developed for YOUPI. We have set a benchmark with mathematics-based segmentation approaches to estimate its robustness in segmenting different tissue biopsies.