bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association Between Inhaled Corticosteroid Use and the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection: A Nationwide Population-based Study in South Korea
Authors: Lee Sang Chul , Son Kang Ju , Han Chang Hoon , Jung Ji Ye , Park Seon Cheol
Published: September 2020

Background

Inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) use may increase the risk of respiratory infection, but its influence on the risk of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is not known. This study aimed to investigate the association between ICS use and the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection among the patients with chronic respiratory diseases.
Methods

The Ministry of Health and Welfare and Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service in Korea provided nationwide data of 44,968 individuals with chronic respiratory diseases tested for SARS-CoV-2 until May 15. The risks of SARS-CoV-2 infection were retrospectively analysed according to the prescription, type, and dose of ICS taken one year before SARS-CoV-2 test.
Results

Among 44,968 individuals tested, 931 (2.1%) were positive for SARS-CoV-2. A total of 7,019 patients (15.6%) were prescribed ICS one year prior to being tested for SARS-CoV-2. Low, medium, and high doses of ICS were prescribed in 7.5%, 1.6%, and 6.5% of total cases, respectively. Among the types of ICS, budesonide, fluticasone, beclomethasone, and ciclesonide were prescribed in 3.7%, 8.9%, 2.3%, and 0.6% of total cases, respectively. The multivariate analysis showed no significant increase in infection with ICS use (OR, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.66–1.03). Moreover, there were no associations between the risk of infection, and doses or types of ICS prescribed.
Conclusion

Prior ICS use did not increase the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Moreover, different doses or types of ICS did not affect the risk. This study supports the current guidelines to manage patients taking ICS during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.
Efficiency of the Damage Control Orthopedic Strategy in the Management of Military Ballistic Limb Trauma.
Authors: Amri Khalil , Tounsi Ahmed , Oueslati Achraf , Salah Mouhamed Ben , Dhahri Rim , Chourabi Chadia , Nouisri Lotfi
Published: September 2020

Background: In conflicting areas, orthopaedic surgeons adopted this concept of damage control orthopaedic (DCO) to face limb fracture due to ballistic trauma because of the gravity of the hurts, the limitation of equipment, and precarious conditions of asepsis. They use external fixation as an initial treatment at the nearest health centre. They delay the definitive treatment to be realized in better conditions. Our study aims to assess the outcome of the damage control orthopaedic (DCO) strategy in military ballistic limb trauma according to the experience of the Military Hospital of Tunisia.Materials and methods: This study is a retrospective study on patients who were hospitalized for a limb ballistic fracture. It includes military patients treated urgently with primary external fixation at the nearest health centre. We adapted the Gustilo classification to describe wound opening, the Winquist and Hansen classification to define fracture comminution and the grading system for bone loss to evaluate bone loss. Then, all victims were evacuated secondary to the military hospital to receive the definitive treatments. The conversion to internal osteosynthesis had taken place according to some criteria. They were the absence of local sepsis, a haemoglobin level (> 10 g/dl), a serum protein level (> 50 g/l) and negative or falling CRP kinetics. We studied the delay of conversion from external fixation to internal osteosynthesis, bone healing time and complications.Result: Our study included 32 patients, all men, with a mean age of 31 years. The average follow-up was 33.2 months. Eighty-eight percent of trauma concerned the lower limb. The average delay for conversion from external fixation to internal osteosynthesis was 7.8 days. Bone union was achieved in 26 cases, with an average delay of 4.23 months. The observed general complications were anaemia, pulmonary embolism and rhabdomyolysis. Local complications were essentially sepsis on osteosynthesis material and pseudarthrosis. These complications were significantly associated with a type III Gustilo skin opening, a type III and IV Winquist fracture comminution, a type II and III Grading system for bone loss, and a delay in conversion from external fixation to internal osteosynthesis.Conclusion: DCO is a global strategy that involves all measures participating in the acceleration of wound healing and fighting against infection. These measures shorten the delay of conversion from external fixation into internal osteosynthesis, which constitutes a key parameter in the management of limb fracture due to ballistic trauma.
The Value of Extracellular Cold-inducible RNA-binding Protein (eCIRP) in Predicting the Severity and Prognosis of Patients After Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Wang Ling , Li Rui-Fang , Guan Xiao-Lan , Liang Shuang-Shuang , Gong Ping
Published: September 2020

Background: Extracellular cold-inducible RNA-binding protein (eCIRP) acting as a novel damage-associated molecular pattern molecule promotes systemic inflammatory responses, including neuroinflammation in cerebral ischemia. We aimed to observe the changes of serum eCIRP and evaluate whether the increased serum eCIRP was associated with the severity and prognosis in patients with restoration of spontaneous circulation (ROSC).Methods: A total of 73 patients after ROSC were divided into non‑survivor (n = 48) and survivor (n = 25) groups based on 28‑day survival. Healthy volunteers (n = 25) were enrolled as controls. Serum eCIRP, procalcitonin (PCT), the pro-inflammatory mediators tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin-6 (IL)-6 and high mobility group protein (HMGB1), the neurological damage biomarkers neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and soluble protein 100β (S100β) were measured on days 1, 3 and 7 after ROSC. Clinical data and laboratory findings were collected, and the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE II) were calculated concurrently. Cerebral performance category (CPC) scores on day 28 after ROSC were recorded.Results: Serum eCIRP, PCT, NSE and S100β, IL-6, TNF-α and HMGB1 were significantly increased within the first week after ROSC. The increased levels of eCIRP was positively correlated with IL-6, TNF-α, HMGB1, NSE, S100β, lactate, CPR time, SOFA score and APACHE II score after ROSC. Serum eCIRP on days 1, 3 and 7 after ROSC could predict 28-day mortality and neurological prognosis. Serum eCIRP on day 3 after ROSC had a biggest AUC [0.862 (95%CI: 0.741-0.941)] for 28-day mortality and a biggest AUC [0.807 (95%CI: 0.630-0.981)] for neurological prognosis. Conclusions: Systemic inflammatory response with increased serum eCIRP occurred in patients after ROSC. Increased eCIRP level was positively correlated with the aggravation of systemic inflammatory response and the severity after ROSC. Serum eCIRP serves as a potential predictor for 28-day mortality and poor neurological prognosis after ROSC.
Cataract Services in the COVID-19 era: Risk, Consent and Prioritisation
Authors: Cheng Kelvin , Anderson Martin , Velissaris Stavros , Moreton Robert , Al-Mansour Ahmed , Sanders Professor Roshini , Sutherland Shona , Wilson Peter , Blaikie Andrew
Published: September 2020

Background:The COVID-19 pandemic halted non-emergency surgery across Scotland. Measures to mitigating the risks of transmitting COVID-19 are creating significant challenges to recommencement of all surgical services safely. We describe the development of a risk stratification tool to prioritise patients for cataract surgery and report the demographics and comorbidities of patients on the NHS Fife waiting list. Methods:A prospective case review of electronic records was performed. A risk stratification tool was developed based on review of available literature on risk factors for poor outcome from COVID-19 infection. Scores derived from the tool were used to generate 6 risk profile groups to call in time order for surgery.Results:There were 744 patients awaiting cataract surgery of which 66 (8.9%) patients were ‘shielding’. One hundred and thirty-two (19.5%) patients had no systemic comorbidities, 218 (32.1%) patients had 1 relevant systemic comorbidity and 316 (46.5%) patients had 2 or more comorbidities. Five hundred and ninety patients (88.7%) did not have any ocular comorbidities.Conclusions:COVID-19 has presented every department an urgent challenge to deal with the mounting cataract surgery waiting list. We present a pragmatic method of risk stratifying patients on waiting lists, blending an evidence-based objective assessment of risk and patient need combined with an element of shared decision-making. This has facilitated recommencement of our cataract service taking into account biohazard measures of the COVID-19 era.
Effectiveness of Matching Human Leukocyte Antigens (HLA) in Corneal Transplantation: A Systematic Review Protocol
Authors: Sachdeva Gagandeep Singh , Cabada Joshua Piollo , Karim Syed Saad , Kahandawa Dmitry Lakvin , Thomas Kevin Anil , Kumar Anusha , Butt Gibran , Barry Robert
Published: September 2020

Background Corneal transplantation is the most frequently performed transplantation. Despite this, the therapeutic value of matching Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) subtypes for transplanted corneas remains controversial. Ocular immune privilege was originally deemed to render matching unnecessary; however more recently, matching has demonstrated improved outcomes including graft success, amongst others. This systematic review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of major and minor antigen matching on graft outcomes in corneal transplantation. Methods Standard systematic review methodology will be used to identify, select and extract data from observational studies and clinical trials assessing the effects of HLA matching on corneal graft outcomes. Bibliographic databases (Cochrane Library, EMBASE, MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus), clinical trial registers, abstract and conference proceedings, in addition to dissertation, thesis and grey literature will be searched. Neither date of publication nor language will be restricted, and non-English articles will be translated were necessary. The primary outcome will be to assess corneal graft success for different degrees of HLA matching/mismatching. The precise end outcome measure varies amongst studies and includes graft rejection, immunoreaction, failure and survival. Therefore, data will be extracted across all relevant outcome parameters and grouped for subsequent statistical tests. Risk of bias assessment will be completed, appropriate to each study design. Study selection, data extraction and risk of bias assessment will be independently completed by two reviewers. Data will be tabulated, and a narrative synthesis presented. Meta-analysis will be performed where there is sufficient homogeneity between studies to warrant its effective completion. Subgroup and sensitivity analysis will be undertaken if appropriate. Discussion Many studies have investigated the effectiveness of HLA matching for corneal transplantation. A systematic review is needed to collate and analyse this evidence. Findings of this systematic review may form the basis of evidence-based recommendations on pre-operative HLA typing and matching of corneal grafts for transplantation. Systematic Review Registration PROSPERO reference CRD42020198882
High transference number enabled by sulfated zirconia superacid for lithium metal batteries with carbonate electrolytes
Authors: Woo Sang-Gil , Hwang Eun-Kyoung , Kang Hee-Kook , Lee Haeun , Lee Je-Nam , Jeong Goojin , Yoo Dong-Joo , Lee Jimin , Kim Sungchan , Yu Ji-Sang , Choi Jang Wook
Published: September 2020

The prospect of increasing the energy density has promoted research on lithium metal batteries. Yet, avoiding the uncontrolled growth of lithium dendrites and the resulting interfacial instability to ensure the practical viability of the given battery technology remains a considerable challenge. Here, we report coating the separator with sulfated zirconia superacid to achieve a high lithium ion transference number of 0.92 and compelling cycle life when a full-cell paired with a LiNi0.82Co0.07Mn0.11O2 cathode was tested in a carbonate electrolyte under practical operating conditions. The exceptionally high transference number is attributed to strengthened binding of the PF6− anion of the lithium salt with the superacid. Furthermore, a trace amount of water bound to the superacid reacts with PF6− to induce a mechanically stable solid-electrolyte-interphase (SEI) layer rich in LixPOyFz. This study demonstrates the beneficial effect of the superacid on emerging post-lithium-ion batteries by immobilizing the anion of the salt as well as modifying the SEI composition.
The Difference in Birthweight in Singletons Born After Fresh Embryo Transfer and After Frozen Embryo Transfer Becomes Significant in the Late Third Trimester
Authors: Chen Yu-Chen , Lee Pei-Fang , Hsu Te-Yao , Tsai Ni-Chin , Tsai Ching-Chang , Huang Fu-Jen , Lan Kuo-Chung
Published: September 2020

Background: Although it seems to be the consensus that the birth weight of the fetus has increased in FET, few studies have explored the pattern of fetal weight change during pregnancy. The purpose of this study is to explore when fetal weight begins to differ between singletons born after fresh embryo transfer (ET) and those born after frozen embryo transfer (FET).Methods: This was a hospital-based cohort study using clinical data from the Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Obstetric and Neonatal Database (KCGMHOND) from January 1, 2007, to December 1, 2018. A sample of 784 eligible women who had singleton pregnancies and live-born deliveries after 428 fresh ET or 356 FET between January 2007 and December 2018. Results: Compared to those in the fresh ET group, singletons in the FET group had higher birthweight (3137 g [2880-3441] vs. 3060 g [2710-3340], P<0.05), were born later (39.0 weeks of gestation [38.0-40.0] vs. 38.0 weeks of gestation [37.0-39.0], P<0.05) and had a lower ratio of preterm birth (10.4% vs. 15.2%, P<0.05).The difference in birthweight was not associated with maternal body weight (BW) and body mass index (BMI), maternal BW gained in the third trimester or total BW gained during pregnancy. When second- and third-trimester gestational ages were compared by estimated date of delivery (EDD, days) using ultrasound measurement, there were also no significant differences.Conclusions: The birthweight of singletons born following FET and fresh ET became significant in the late third trimester. The main reason is that singletons conceived from FET were at a lower relative risk of preterm delivery and had a higher gestational age at birth.
Fecal and Ruminal Microbiome Components Associated With Methane Emission in Beef Cattle.
Authors: Andrade Bruno G.N. , Afli Haithem , Bressani Flavia A. , Cuadrat Rafael R. C. , de Oliveira Priscila S. N. , Mourão Gerson B. , Coutinho Luiz L. , Reecy James M. , Koltes James E. , de Souza Marcela Maria , Neto Adhemar Zerlotini , de Medeiros Sérgio Raposo , Berndt Alexandre , Palhares Julio C. P. , Regitano Luciana C. A.
Published: September 2020

Background: The impact of extreme changes in weather patterns in the economy and humanity welfare are some of the biggest challenges that our civilization is facing. From the anthropogenic activities that contribute to climate change, reducing the impact of farming activities is a priority, since its responsible for up to 18% of greenhouse gases linked to such activities. To this end, we tested if the ruminal and fecal microbiomes components of 52 Brazilian Nelore bulls, belonging to two experimental groups based on the feed intervention, conventional (A) and byproducts based diet (B), could be used as biomarkers for methane (CH4) emission.Results: We identified a total of 5,693 Amplicon Sequence Variants (ASVs) in the Nelore bulls microbiomes from the experimental group B. Statistical analysis showed that the microbiome populations were significantly different among treatment groups. Differential abundance (DA) analysis with the ANCOM approach identified 30 bacterial and 15 archaea ASVs as DA among treatment groups. Random forest models, using either bacteria or archaea ASVs as predictors, were able to predict the treatment group with high accuracy (r2>0.85). Association analysis using Mixed Linear Models indicate that bacterial and archaea ASVs are linked to the CH4 emission phenotype, of which the most prominent were the ruminal ASV 40 and fecal ASV 35. These ASVs contributed to a 9.7% increase and 7.3% decrease of the variation in CH4 emission, respectively, which indicated their potential as targets for feed interventions and/or biomarkers.Conclusion: The feed composition induced significant differences in abundance and richness of ruminal and fecal microbial populations. The dietary treatment based on industrial byproducts applied had an impact on the microbiome diversity of bacteria and archaea, but not on protozoa. Microbiome components (ASVs) of bacteria and archaea can be successfully used to predict the treatment group, thus giving support to the hypothesis that the feed intervention modulate microbiome abundance and diversity. Microbiome components were associated with CH4 emission in both microbiomes. Therefore, both ruminal and fecal ASVs can be used as biomarkers for methane production and emission.
Business process reengineering and operational costs of selected Nigerian airline companies
Authors: Adefulu Adesoga , Akinshipe Joseph , Makinde Olubisi , Akpa Victoria
Published: September 2020

Continuous cost management is considered vital for the sustainability of any business enterprise in modern society. Over the years, the Nigerian airline industry has been experiencing rising operational costs, probably due to inadequate business process reengineering. Based on the assumptions of the value chain model, this article investigates the effect of business process reengineering on operational costs of selected indigenous airline companies in Nigeria. The descriptive survey research design was adopted for the study. The population was 1,938 employees of key professional departments of the selected Nigerian indigenous airline companies. The sample size was 699 staff of the selected departments with 84% response rate. The copies of the questionnaire were administered using trained research assistants. The study adopted a mixed sampling method. Proportionate sampling was used to determine the sample size for each of the three airlines; stratified sampling was used to select the specific units within the organization, while random sampling was used to select the respondents. The data collected were analyzed using descriptive and simple linear regression methods. The descriptive analysis revealed that the overall average and standard deviation for business process reengineering were 2.80 and 0.57, while operational costs were 4.29 and 0.54 respectively. The inferential result showed a positive and significant effect of the business process reengineering on operational costs (R2 = 0.024, β = 0.147, t = 3.709, p < 0.05). Thus, the study concluded that business process reengineering affects the operational costs of the selected indigenous airline companies in Nigeria.
AcknowledgmentThe researchers acknowledge the contributions of the anonymous reviewers for the useful comments in making the article better. We acknowledge the management of the University that made it mandatory for the supervisee to publish two articles from their thesis, one in the name of the supervisor as the lead author while another in the name of the supervisee as the lead author. The research assistants are acknowledged for the cooperation during the field work and the management of the airlines for allowing the research in their various organizations.
Penerapan Project Based Learning (PjBL) Terbimbing untuk Meningkatkan Keaktifan dan Pemahaman Siswa pada Konsep Momentum, Impuls, dan Tumbukan
Authors: Puspitasari Lisa , Astuti Budi , Masturi Masturi
Published: September 2020

This study aims to analyze the increase in students' activeness and conceptual understanding after the guided Project Based Learning (PjBL) model is applied. The research method used was a pre-experimental one group pretest-postest design. The research instruments included test and non-test instruments. The test instrument in this study was a reasoned multiple choice. The non-test instrument uses student activeness observation sheets. Students' activeness and conceptual understanding were analyzed using the N-Gain test. The significance of increasing students' activeness and understanding of concepts was analyzed using the Wilcoxon mathced pairs test. The results of the data analysis showed that the students' activeness and conceptual understanding of the Momentum, Impulse, and Collision material after being applied to guided PjBL experienced a low increase with N-Gain of 0.20 and 0.22. The results of the significance test of students' activeness and conceptual understanding were obtained values of 0.041 and 0.000 (<0.050). Based on the results of the analysis, it can be concluded that the implementation of the guided Project Based Learning model was able to significantly increase the activeness and understanding of students' concepts in the material Momentum, Impulse and Collision at Nurul Islami High School.
Pengembangan Modul Fisika Berbantuan Teknologi Augmented Reality pada Materi Gelombang Bunyi untuk SMA/MA Kelas XI
Authors: Khunaeni Lilin Nazwa , Yuniarti Wenty Dwi , Khalif Muhammad Ardhi
Published: September 2020

This research aims to determine the appropriateness of a physics module with Augmented Reality (AR) technology. This research is an R&D research consisting of the initial study stages, planning, development, product assessment, product revision and field trials. Data collection techniques used were observation and interviews during the preliminary study, and questionnaires for validation of material experts and media experts, validation of physics teachers, and student responses. Based on the data analysis, it was concluded that the quality of the physics module was very good with a percentage value of 95% from material experts, 86.67% from media experts and 90% from physics teachers. Student responses to the physics module obtained a percentage of 89% in the very good category. Based on the research results, the physics module with Augmented Reality (AR) technology developed is appropriate and can be used in physics learning.
Myocardial Infarction with Non Obstructive Coronary Atherosclerosis: A Case Report
Authors: Ghoush Mousa S. A. , Almohdar Safaa , Samha Thamer
Published: September 2020

Background:

Myocardial Infarction with Non-Obstructive Coronary Arteries (MINOCA) is a syndrome with different causes, characterized by clinical evidence
of myocardial infarction with normal or near-normal coronary arteries on angiography.

Case Presentation:

Here we describe an interesting case of a 29 year old male known to have bioprosthetic aortic valve replacement who presented with chest pain
suggestive of the acute coronary syndrome, with rising troponin levels but having a normal coronary angiography and a cardiac magnetic
resonance imaging showing evidence of myocardial infarction thus suggestive of MINOCA.

Conclusion:

This case illustrates the increasing clinical role of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging in modern cardiology and its ability to detect a final
diagnosis in patients with MINOCA and also raise the possibility of recurrent embolic phenomena to the epicardial vessels from bioprosthetic
valves, which might be challenging to prove.
Chemoresistance in Ovarian Cancer: Prospects for New Drugs
Authors: Tendulkar Shivani , Dodamani Suneel
Published: September 2020

:

This review focuses on the conventional treatment, signaling pathways and various reasons for drug resistance with an understanding of novel methods that can lead to effective therapies. Ovarian cancer is amongst the most common gynecological and lethal cancers in women affecting different age groups (20-60). The survival rate is limited to 5 years due to diagnosis in subsequent stages with a reoccurrence of tumor and resistance to chemotherapeutic therapy. The recent clinical trials use the combinatorial treatment of carboplatin and paclitaxel on ovarian cancer after the cytoreduction of the tumor. Predominantly, patients are responsive initially to therapy and later develop metastases due to drug resistance. Chemotherapy also leads to drug resistance causing enormous variations at the cellular level. Multifaceted mechanisms like drug resistance are associated with a number of genes and signaling pathways that process the proliferation of cells. Reasons for resistance include epithelial-mesenchyme, DNA repair activation, autophagy, drug efflux, pathway activation, and so on. Determining the routes on the molecular mechanism that target chemoresistance pathways are necessary for controlling the treatment and understanding efficient drug targets can open light on improving therapeutic outcomes. The most common drug used for ovarian cancer is Cisplatin that activates various chemoresistance pathways, ultimately causing drug resistance. There have been substantial improvements in understanding the mechanisms of cisplatin resistance or chemo sensitizing cisplatin for effective treatment. Therefore, using therapies that involve a combination of phytochemical or novel drug delivery system would be a novel treatment for cancer. Phytochemicals are plant-derived compounds that exhibit anti-cancer, anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory properties and reduce side effects exerted by chemotherapeutics.
Theranostics of Metastatic Prostate Cancer Applying 64Cu/18F/68Ga PSMA PET-CT and 177Lu Radiopharmaceuticals
Authors: Mirzaei Siroos , Mohammed Fairoz , Zandieh Shahin
Published: September 2020

The successful use of theranostic twins in neuroendocrine tumors (NET) is the pioneering
approach to radionuclide therapy in other tumor types. 64Cu/18F PSMA for molecular imaging
with PET-CT and peptide radioligand therapy (PRLT) with 177Lu labeled PSMA inhibitors are the
next theranostic twins in nuclear medicine. 68Ga/ 64Cu/18F PSMA PET-CT detects metastatic prostate
cancer with high diagnostic sensitivity and specificity and can be used to select patients for
PRLT and evaluate therapy response. Radionuclide therapy with 177Lu-PSMA inhibitors has been
shown to be effective in the treatment of metastatic CRPC.
Colorimetric Detection and Adsorption of Mercury Using Silver Nanoparticles: A Bibliographic and Patent Review
Authors: Pilaquinga Fernanda , Morey Jeroni , Vivas-Rodríguez Miguel , Yánez-Jácome Gabriela , Fernández Lenys , de las Nieves Piña María
Published: September 2020

Mercury (Hg) contamination is a problem that currently affects not only the environment but also human health.
Various types of commercial adsorbents have been proposed for its removal. Silver is a noble element that can chemically
adsorb mercury, forming amalgams. However, its use as an adsorbent presents the following disadvantages: rapid surface
saturation and high cost. These limitations can easily be overcome using silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). With a size of less
than 100 nm, their reactivity, their high surface area, and a minimal amount of metallic precursor, they are ideal candidates
for mercury removal. This study presents a compendium of the use of conventional mercury adsorbents and the use of
AgNPs for their colorimetric detection and removal in different matrices, in both the aqueous and gas phases of Hg0
and
Hg2+
. In addition, the number of patents available in each case is analyzed. AgNPs as colorimetric sensors allow for quick
detection of mercury in-situ. Additionally, the adsorption systems formed with AgNPs, allow for the obtaining of stable and
chemically inert complexes, facilitating their recycling. It is concluded that the use of AgNPs is particularly efficient for the
detection and removal of mercury, presenting a removal percentage of over 90%. As a result of the patents analyzed, its use
is perfectly applicable at an industrial level.
Medicinal Herbs Effective for Gray Hair in Traditional Persian Medicine
Authors: Raeiszadeh Mahboobeh , Rameshk Maryam , Khandani Shahram Kalantari
Published: September 2020

Background:

With today’s increasing life expectations, the desire to look youthful plays
a bigger role than ever. The use of plants for this purpose has a history as old as that of mankind
himself. In the Traditional Persian Medicine, many herbal formulations have been reported for hair
growth promotion as well as improvement in the quality of hair.

Objective:

The aim of this study is to introduce effective medicinal plants in Traditional Persian
Medicine for gray hair that can be used in new products.

Methods:

The present study is an overview study and codified by the Library search method in the
main sources of Traditional Persian Medicine.

Results:

After reviewing the selected book, we discovered that three types of formulations recommended
for gray hair by traditional healers contain preventive, treatment, and dying compounds.
Our research indicated that the parts of the plants used most frequently in the treatment and preventive
compounds are leaves, seeds, and fruit that are more often used as a topical oil or oral compound
(electuaries). The majority of plant parts used in hair dyes are leaves, fruit, and gum which
all are used topically.

Conclusion:

Synthetic-based formulations may cause several side effects on human health and
with the increasing popularity of the herbal drugs in hair care products, it is worthwhile to carry out
the systemic investigation on the efficacy of these formulations and their preparations. We hope
that this study could show a way of using Traditional Persian Medicine in hair care products in the
future.
De handbibliotheek van de eerste studenten diergeneeskunde (Frankrijk 18de eeuw): Deel 2: van Bourgelat en Lafosse tot de kennisexplosie aan het begin van de 19de eeuw
Authors: Bols P. E. J. , De porte H. F. M.
Published: September 2020

In deel 1 van deze korte reeks over de beschikbare veeartsenijkundige kennis voor de eerste studenten diergeneeskunde werd beschreven hoe zij het vóór 1750 moesten stellen met enkele standaardwerken over het paard en de paardenhouderij. Omdat er nog geen geformaliseerde opleiding diergeneeskunde bestond, hoeft het ook geen verbazing te wekken dat de echte veterinaire handboeken nog niet voorhanden waren. In dit tweede deel wordt dieper ingegaan op de periode rond en kort na de oprichting van de eerste veeartsenijschool door Claude Bourgelat (Lyon, 1761). Ongeveer tien jaar eerder publiceerde hij een eerste belangrijk werk en tijdens dezelfde periode brak ook Philippe-Etienne Lafosse door met een aantal erg educatieve publicaties. Vanaf dat moment kan gesteld worden dat er een aantal handboeken ter beschikking kwamen waarin werd afgerekend met tal van volkse remedies en waardeloze therapieën. De tot dan toe algemeen aanvaarde inzichten en gebruiken maakten plaats voor een meer wetenschappelijke benadering van het paard en -weliswaar schoorvoetend- een aantal andere huisdieren, inclusief het rundvee en de kleine herkauwers. Dit alles kaderde in een tijdsgeest die zou uitmonden in de Franse Revolutie, een keerpunt dat mee aan de basis lag van een heuse kennisexplosie en de publicatie van honderden werken over landbouw- en veeartsenijkunde die stilaan tot echte wetenschappen uitgroeiden.
Ongewone presentatie van een mesenchymaal ooglidhamartoma en een overzicht van het voorkomen van perioculaire hamartomen bij de hond
Authors: Storms G. , Janssens G. , Grauwels M. , Dubielzig R. R.
Published: September 2020

Een mesenchymaal hamartoom ter hoogte van het dorsomediale ooglid van een staffordshirebulterriër en de klinische en histopathologische kenmerken van tweeëntwintig mesenchymale perioculaire hamartomen worden beschreven. Alle gegevens werden verzameld uit de databank van het “Comparative Ocular Pathology Laboratory” te Wisconsin (VS). Het signalement, de klinische locatie en de histologische bevindingen van de tumor werden beschreven bij tweeëntwintig honden van veertien verschillende rassen, tussen vier en veertien jaar oud. Vijftien hamartomen bevonden zich ter hoogte van de laterale canthus. Op histologisch onderzoek werd volledig gedifferentieerd fibreus weefsel aangetroffen vermengd met vetweefsel. Bundels van skelet of glad spierweefsel waren aanwezig bij tien honden en perifeer zenuwweefsel bij twee honden. Mitose figuren werden niet aangetroffen. Mesenchymale hamartomen kunnen zich voordoen als subcutane, subconjunctivale of orbitale tumoren. Hoewel ze vooral voorkomen ter hoogte van de laterale canthus, kunnen ze om het even waar op de oogleden of in de orbita aangetroffen worden.
Antibioticumgebruik bij varkens, vleeskuikens en vleeskalveren in België
Authors: Filippitzi M. E. , Callens B. , Pardon B. , Persoons D. , Dewulf J.
Published: September 2020

Het voorkomen van resistentie tegen antimicrobiële middelen houdt tal van risico’s in. Bovendien is er een link tussen het voorkomen van resistentie tegen antimicrobiële middelen en het gebruik van deze middelen. Het doel van deze studie is de beschikbare data over het gebruik van antimicrobiële middelen in de Belgische varkens-, vleeskuikens- en vleeskalversector te vergelijken. Om de beschikbare data van drie peer-reviewed, wetenschappelijke artikelen te kunnen vergelijken, werd het gebruik uitgedrukt in behandelingsincidenties (BI), gedefinieerd als het dagelijks aantal behandelde dieren per 1000 dieren met 1 ‘defined’ (DDDA) of ‘used daily dose animal’ (UDDA). Daarnaast werd getracht de data over het gebruik op bedrijfsniveau te extrapoleren naar het gebruik op nationaal niveau op basis van de methodologie van de European Surveillance of Veterinary Antimicrobial Consumption (ESVAC). Zo werd een schatting beoogd van de totale hoeveelheid antimicrobiële middelen die gebruikt worden in België per diersector. Voor de drie sectoren werd de hoogste behandelingsincidentie waargenomen in de vleeskalversector (TIDDDA=414, TIUDDA=379). Bij de schatting, gebaseerd op extrapolatie, werd echter verondersteld dat de grootste hoeveelheid antimicrobiële middelen toegediend werden aan varkens (159.4 ton). De snelste daling in de totale hoeveelheid antimicrobiële middelen kan dus wellicht bereikt worden door middel van acties in de varkenssector. Tijdens het collecteren van de data om berekeningen en vergelijkingen voor deze studie mogelijk te maken, werd het duidelijk dat er dringend nood is aan geharmoniseerde monitoringsprogramma’s.
Caniene recurrente flankalopecia: synthese van theorie en praktijk
Authors: Vandenabeele S. , Declercq J. , De Cock H. , Daminet S.
Published: September 2020

Caniene recurrente flankalopecia wordt klassiek gekenmerkt door een niet-inflammatoire alopecia met onbekende etiologie. Deze dermatose wordt getypeerd door unieke huidsymptomen. Alhoewel de aandoening relatief frequent voorkomt in het noordelijk halfrond en dus ook in België, is er slechts beperkte informatie over te vinden in de literatuur. Het doel van dit overzichtsartikel is om enerzijds een samenvatting te geven van de literatuur en anderzijds de verschillende klinische presentaties die herkend worden in de dagelijkse praktijk maar niet vaak beschreven worden in de literatuur, te documenteren.
Botpathologie bij apen van de Nieuwe en Oude Wereld
Authors: Molenberghs F. , Chiers K. , Bakker J. , Langermans J. , Decostere A. , Saunders J. , Cornillie P. , Bosseler L.
Published: September 2020

Primaten worden vaak gebruikt als diermodel in het biomedisch onderzoek wegens hun sterke overeenkomsten met de mens. Voornamelijk penseelapen (Callithrix jacchus) en resusapen (Macaca mulatta) zijn frequent gebruikte apensoorten in het wetenschappelijk onderzoek. In dit artikel wordt een systematisch overzicht gegeven van de belangrijkste botaandoeningen bij primaten. Botaandoeningen kunnen spontaan voorkomen maar ook experimenteel worden geïnduceerd in het kader van onderzoek naar humane ziekten. Een gedegen kennis van deze pathologieën is niet enkel belangrijk om preventieve of therapeutische interventies te onderbouwen bij zowel de aap als de mens, maar draagt ook bij tot een optimale keuze van het diermodel. De, voornamelijk historisch gezien, belangrijkste groep van aandoeningen die hier worden besproken zijn de metabole aandoeningen, waarbij de nadruk ligt op rachitis/osteomalacie en osteoporose. Congenitale aandoeningen, ontwikkelingsstoornissen, intoxicaties en deficiënties met effect op het skelet worden ook besproken. Tenslotte zijn er nog de bottumoren, die weliswaar minder frequent gerapporteerd worden, maar die toch een niet te verwaarlozen groep vormen.
Behandeling van necrotiserende fasciitis met negatieve druktherapie bij een puppy
Authors: Abma E. , Kitshoff A. M. , Vandenabeele S. , Bosmans T. , Stock E. , de Rooster H.
Published: September 2020

Een Duitse herder van twee maanden oud werd aangeboden met anorexie, lethargie, kreupelheid en een pijnlijke zwelling aan de linkerachterpoot. De bevindingen op het lichamelijk en cytologisch onderzoek leidden tot een vermoedelijke diagnose van necrotiserende fasciitis (NF). Alle aangetaste weefsels werden chirurgisch verwijderd en negatieve druktherapie met een zilverschuimverband werd opgestart. Gedurende de eerste 48 uur werd een negatieve druk van -75 mmHg ingesteld. Bij de evaluatie van de wonde werd een matige hoeveelheid granulatieweefsel vastgesteld en er was geen verdere uitbreiding van de necrose aanwezig. Het verband werd vernieuwd en een tweede negatieve drukcyclus van 48 uur werd ingesteld, ditmaal op -125 mmHg. Na het verwijderen van het verband zag het wondbed er gezond uit en werd een chirurgische sluiting van de wonde uitgevoerd. In dit geval leidde onmiddellijke implementatie van negatieve druktherapie na chirurgische debridement tot een versnelde wondheling en verhinderde het verdere uitbreiding van de necrose. Negatieve druktherapie kan een integraal onderdeel worden van de behandelingsstrategie van caniene NF en kan de prognose van deze levensbedreigende aandoening verbeteren.
Een letsel van de processus coronoïdeus medialis bij een elf jaar oude labrador-retriever
Authors: Dallago M. , de Bakker E. , Coppieters E. , Saunders J. , Gielen I. , Van Ryssen B.
Published: September 2020

In deze casuïstiek wordt het voorkomen van een recente aandoening van de processus coronoïdeus medialis (medial coronoid disease, MCD) bij een elf jaar oude Labrador retriever beschreven. Voordat de hond werd aangeboden, liep hij reeds zes maanden mank op de linkervoorpoot. Radiografisch was er slechts een beperkte pathologie zichtbaar en via computertomografie werd een discrete fissuur van de mediale processus coronoïdeus aangetoond. Artroscopisch kon een letsel van de processus coronoïdeus medialis bevestigd worden, zichtbaar als chondromalacie. De behandeling bestond uit het artroscopisch verwijderen van het afwijkende kraakbeen en subchondrale been. Ondanks de geslaagde ingreep had de hond blijvend nood aan fysiotherapie om comfortabel te kunnen lopen. MCD is een ontwikkelingsstoornis die vooral jonge honden van grote rassen aantast. De hond in deze casereport was echter al elf jaar oud. Nochtans was de duur van de mankheid vrij kort en kon er via beeldvorming en artroscopie geen chronisch probleem aangetoond worden. In de literatuur is weinig informatie beschikbaar over de etiologie, het voorkomen en het behandelingsresultaat van MCD bij oude honden.
The Need for Sustainable Teleconsultation Systems in the Aftermath of the First COVID-19 Wave
Authors: Giunti Guido , Goossens Richard , De Bont Antoinette , Visser Jacob J , Mulder Mark , Schuit Stephanie C E
Published: September 2020

The physical and social distancing measures that have been adopted worldwide because of COVID-19 will probably remain in place for a long time, especially for senior adults, people with chronic conditions, and other at-risk populations. Teleconsultations can be useful in ensuring that patients continue to receive clinical care while reducing physical crowding and avoiding unnecessary exposure of health care staff. Implementation processes that typically take months of planning, budgeting, pilot testing, and education were compressed into days. However, in the urgency to deal with the present crisis, we may be forgetting that the introduction of digital health is not exclusively a technological issue, but part of a complex organizational change problem. This viewpoint offers insight regarding issues that rapidly adopted teleconsultation systems may face in a post–COVID-19 world.
Twelve-Lead Electrocardiogram Acquisition With a Patchy-Type Wireless Device in Ambulance Transport: Simulation-Based Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Yoon Sunyoung , Kim Taerim , Roh Taehwan , Chang Hansol , Hwang Sung Yeon , Yoon Hee , Shin Tae Gun , Sim Min Seob , Jo Ik Joon , Cha Won Chul
Published: September 2020

BACKGROUND

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide. Early recognition, diagnosis, and reperfusion are the key elements of treatment for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. The absence of a prehospital 12-lead electrocardiogram (P12ECG) can cause definitive treatment delay and repeated transfer. Although guidelines highly recommend the measurement and transmission of P12ECG data, P12ECG use has not been widely established.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to verify the time-efficiency and feasibility of the use of a patchy-type 12-lead ECG measuring and transmitting device (P-ECG) by an emergency medical technician (EMT) in an ambulance during patient transport.

METHODS

This was a simulation-based prospective randomized crossover-controlled study that included EMTs. The participants were randomly assigned to one of two groups. Group A began the experiment with a conventional 12-lead ECG (C-ECG) device and then switched to the intervention device (P-ECG), whereas group B began the experiment with the P-ECG and then switched to the C-ECG. All simulations were performed inside an ambulance driving at 30 km/h. The time interval was measured from the beginning of ECG application to completion of sending the results. After the simulation, participants were administered the System Usability Scale questionnaire about usability of the P-ECG.

RESULTS

A total of 18 EMTs were recruited for this study with a median age of 35 years. The overall interval time for the C-ECG was 254 seconds (IQR 247-270), whereas the overall interval time for the P-ECG was 130 seconds (IQR 112-150), with a significant difference (P<.001). Significant differences between the C-ECG and P-ECG were identified at all time intervals, in which the P-ECG device was significantly faster in all intervals, except for the preparation interval in which the C-ECG was faster (P=.03).

CONCLUSIONS

Performance of 12-lead ECG examination and transmission of the results using P-ECG are faster than those of C-ECG during ambulance transport. With the additional time afforded, EMTs can provide more care to patients and transport patients more rapidly, which may help reduce the symptoms-to-balloon time for patients with acute coronary syndrome.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04114760; https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04114760
Una hoja de ruta para la Vacuna COVID 19 en Colombia, un reto posible
Authors: Gomez Marín Jorge Enrique , Castaño Osorio Jhon Carlos , Patarroyo Manuel Alfonso , Mejía-Oquendo Manuela , Valdivia-Granda Willy , Álvarez Carlos , Castellanos Jaime , Sepúlveda-Arias Juan Carlos
Published: September 2020

Una hoja de ruta para la Vacuna COVID 19 en Colombia, un reto posible
Mortalidad y desenlaces clínicos en pacientes críticamente enfermos con infecciones por bacterias productoras de carbapenemasas en un hospital de alta complejidad en Bogotá, Colombia
Authors: Varón Fabio Andres , Uribe Ana Maria , Palacios Jonathan Orlando , Sánchez Efraín Guillermo , Gutiérrez Deimer , Carvajal Katherine , Cardona Santiago , Noreña Ivan Enrique
Published: September 2020

Introducción: Los microorganismos capaces de producir carbapenemasas vienen incrementándose a nivel mundial y se han convertido en un problema de salud pública global. En Colombia actualmente la resistencia a carbapenémicos en las unidades de cuidado intensivo está aumentando y se desconoce su impacto en desenlaces clínicos. Objetivos: Determinar las características demográficas, clínicas, y los desenlaces de los pacientes adultos en estado crítico con infección por microorganismos productores de carbapenemasas en una unidad de cuidado intensivo polivalente de una institución de alta complejidad. Métodos: Estudio observacional, descriptivo y retrospectivo, incluyendo pacientes con infección por bacterias resistentes a carbapenémicos, ingresados a la unidad de cuidado intensivo entre el 1 de Enero de 2014 y el 1 de Enero de 2018. Se excluyeron los pacientes colonizados. Se evaluaron complicaciones clínicas, estancia en UCI y hospitalaria, así como la mortalidad en UCI y hospitalaria. Resultados: Se incluyó 58 pacientes. La mortalidad global fue de 67,2%, de los cuales 55,17% murió durante su estancia en la unidad de cuidado intensivo y 12.06% en hospitalización. La mediana de estancia en la unidad de cuidado intensivo fue de 18 días (RIQ 4-28). La causa más frecuente de mortalidad fue choque séptico en 51% y las complicaciones más comunes fueron lesión renal aguda y delirium en un 55,2% y 43,1%, respectivamente. La mediana de estancia en la UCI fue de 18 días (RIQ 4-28). Conclusiones: Las infecciones por bacterias resistentes a carbapenémicos en pacientes críticamente enfermos se relacionan con altas tasas de mortalidad, complicaciones y estancia prolongada en UCI
A propósito de complicaciones infrecuentes de enfermedades comunes. Síndrome de Ekiri
Authors: Varón Vega Fabio Andrés , Uribe Hernández Ana María , Buitrago-Toro Kenny
Published: September 2020

La infección por enterobacterias desencadena usualmente síntomas gastrointestinales caracterizados por vómito, diarrea y dolor abdominal, de severidad y curso variable. El compromiso extraintestinal esta descrito, inclusive sin las manifestaciones gastrointestinales clásicas lo que favorece diagnósticos y tratamientos tardíos pudiendo llegar a ser incapacitantes y letales. El síndrome de Ekiri, también denominado síndrome de encefalopatía letal tóxico, se caracteriza por una disfunción aguda del sistema nervioso central secundaria a infección por enterobacterias las cuales favorecen el desarrollo de microtrombos a nivel cerebral con inflamación mediada por el factor de necrosis tumoral α e IL- 1β y disfunción de la barrera hematoencefálica con una alta tasa de mortalidad. Dentro de nuestro conocimiento, presentamos el primer caso reportado en Colombia sobre el síndrome de Ekiri.