bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
OPTIMIZATION OF THE PROCESS OF RED MUD PROCESSING WITH SULFUR DIOXIDE
Authors: Ибрагимов А.А. , Юсубов Ф.В. , Векилова Р.М.
Published: June 2024

Исследована абсорбционная способность водной суспензии красного шлама по SO2, являющегося отходом переработки бокситов по методу Байера, а также возможность перехода металлов в раствор под действием сернистой кислоты. Определена возможность нейтрализации диоксида серы любой концентрации, полученной из различных источников, красным шламом на уровне, отвечающем экологическим требованиям. Разработана статистическая математическая модель и проведена оптимизация процесса поглощения. В оптимальных условиях пульпа полностью нейтрализуется, а сернистая кислота, образующаяся при избыточном количестве SO2, переводит в раствор 35% всего алюминия за одну стадию. Поскольку железо осаждается в виде FeSO3, алюминий легко осаждается в форме гидроксида из растворов без железистых солей алюминия.

The absorption capability of an aqueous suspension of red mud for SO2, which is a waste from the processing of bauxite by the Bayer method, as well as the possibility of the transition of metals into solution under the action of sulfite acid, have been studied. The possibility of neutralizing sulfur dioxide of any concentration obtained from various sources by red mud at a level that meets environmental requirements has been determined. A statistical mathematical model has been developed and the absorption process has been optimized. Under optimal conditions, the slurry is completely neutralized, and the sulfite acid formed with excess SO2 dissolves 35 % of all aluminum in solution in one step. Because iron precipitates as FeSO3, aluminum readily precipitates as hydroxide from solutions of iron-free aluminum salts.
COMPUTER AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE INFLUENCE OF TEMPERATURE ON THE QUALITY INDICATORS OF SEWING MANDRELS WHEN ROLLING VESSELS MADE OF STEEL 50 ON A SCREW MILL 30-80. Part 1
Authors: Шаталов Р.Л. , Загоскин Е.Е. , Медведев В.А. , Эльдиб И.С.А.
Published: June 2024

Приведены полученные с использованием программного комплекса QForm результаты исследования факторов, влияющих на износ прошивных сплошных оправок из стали 4Х5МФС винтового стана 30-80 при горячей прокатке сосудов из стали 50. Компьютерное моделирование позволило выявить существенную неравномерность распределения температуры по длине оправки. Моделированием процесса установлено, что при прокатке первого сосуда по длине оправки формируется неравномерность температуры у носка около 500 °С и далее снижается до 250 °С, разница нагрева 250 °С. После прокатки 100-го сосуда температура повышается примерно на 100 °С с обеих сторон по длине оправки, у носка около 600 °С и далее снижается до 350 °С. Моделирование позволило спрогнозировать распределение износа по длине оправки в различные периоды прокатки сосудов на стане. После прокатки первого сосуда износ изменяется от касательных с 0,00001 до 0,0006 мм и нормальных напряжений – с 0,001 до 0,042 мм, а после прокатки 100-го сосуда величина износа оправки увеличивается до 2,4 мм в носовой части. Выявленные при компьютерном моделировании количественные закономерности распределения температуры и износа прошивных сплошных оправок, по-видимому, будут влиять на их качество в реальных условиях деформирования, что требует экспериментальной проверки и разработки рациональной конструкции оправки, которые будут приведены во второй части статьи.

The results obtained using the QForm software package are presented for the study of factors affecting the wear of solid mandrels made of 4X5MFS steel of a 30-80 screw mill during hot rolling of vessels made of 50 steel. Computer modeling revealed a significant unevenness of the temperature distribution along the length of the mandrel. By modeling the deformation process, it was found that when rolling the first vessel along the length of the mandrel, a temperature unevenness of about 250 °C, from 250 to 500 °C, is formed, and after rolling the hundredth vessel, the temperature of the mandrel increases by about 100 °C and varies in length from 350 to 600 °C. Modeling made it possible to predict the wear distribution along the length of the mandrel during various periods of rolling vessels on the mill. After rolling the first vessel, the wear varies from tangents from 0.00001 to 0.0006 mm and normal stresses from 0.001 to 0.042 mm, and after rolling the hundredth vessel, the wear value of the mandrel increases to 2.4 mm in the bow. The quantitative regularities of temperature distribution and wear of the stitched solid mandrels revealed by computer modeling are likely to affect their quality under real deformation conditions, which requires experimental verification and the development of a rational mandrel design, which will be given in the second part of the article.
Effect of Aerobic Exercises in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) Females - A Systematic Review
Authors: Trivedi Shreya , Shah Ankita
Published: June 2024

INTRODUCTION: PCOS (Polycystic Ovary Syndrome) is complex hormonal conditional in which the female of reproductive age has ovarian hormonal imbalance. This leads to multiple heath related concerns including insulin resistance, abnormal increase in androgens. obesity, depression etc. various treatment approaches are used in treatment of PCOS and exercises is one of those. The aim of current study was to evaluate various randomized control trial and strengthen the literature focusing multidimensional effects of aerobic exercises in PCOS.
METHODOLOGY: The present systematic review was conducted as per PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. Two researchers completed the review process. Total 390 articles were screened and 14 articles matching inclusion criteria were included in review process through search engines like PubMed, PEDRO, Google Scholar and Research gate by keyword ‘PCOS’, ‘Aerobic exercises in PCOS’, ‘Exercises in PCOS’ and ‘PCOS and Exercises’
RESULTS: In the present systematic review data from 14 articles (total 456 PCOS females) were analysed using Windows 11, 23H2 Microsoft excel version 2405. PCOS females from age 18-40 years (Average 25.29 year) were included in the studies.
CONCLUSION: The effects of exercises were found significant in hormonal imbalance particularly insulin and ovarian hormones, complement-immune system, lipid profiles, weight control, mood and quality of life but is questionable in function of complement system and immunity.
ABBREVIATION: PCOS (Polycystic Ovary Syndrome) IR (Insulin Resistance) CRP (C reactive protein) Luteinizing hormone (LH) follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) VO2max (Maximal Oxygen Consumption) Low-density lipoprotein (LDL), Very Low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) High-density lipoprotein (HDL) tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-6 (IL-6)

Keywords: PCOS (Polycystic Ovary Syndrome), Exercises in PCOS, Aerobic exercises in PCOS
Seliverstova Yu.A. Administration process and administrative proceedings: problems and future
Authors: Golovko V. V. , Seliverstova Yu. A.
Published: June 2024

The subject is administrative proceedings in the system of judicial proceedings used in Russia.

The purpose of the article is definition of the essence of both legal proceedings in general and administrative proceedings in particular, as well as its varieties.

Methodology includes methods of complex analysis and synthesis of the Russian legislation and scientific sources, as well as formal-logical logical interpretation of legal rules and scientific papers.

Main results. It seems reasonable to be guided by the position of the legislator, according to which each constitutionally defined type of legal proceedings corresponds to a specific procedural form, each of which is fixed exclusively in the corresponding independent federal law. The separation of civil and commercial proceedings is of a functional nature, taking into account the totality of the specifics and the subject composition of the civil cases under consideration. Currently, in the Russian Federation, administrative proceedings are carried out in at least two independent procedural forms. Administrative court proceedings are judicial administrative proceedings, the human rights essence of which is the procedural activity of the court for the actual consideration and resolution of administrative cases and cases of administrative violations. The concept of administrative proceedings is part of a broader concept of administration process, which, in addition to considering a case accepted for trial on the merits, includes the procedural activity of the court at the stage before the acceptance of administrative claims submitted to the court under the Code of Administrative Procedure of the Russian Federation. The administration process is exclusively judicial in nature and does not preclude the activities of quasijudicial bodies to consider disputes with citizens and organizations on issues of disagreement of the latter with the actions (inaction) of executive authorities and their officials and their decisions.

Conclusions. The components of the concept of administrative proceedings are proceedings in administrative and other cases arising from public relations (public law disputes) and judicial proceedings in cases of administrative offenses. Public law disputes and proceedings in cases of administrative offenses include a public authority as one mandatory party, nevertheless, public law disputes are of a claim nature, whereas proceedings on an administrative offense have a tort content.
Nesmeyanova S.E. Levels (centers) of public authority: modern interpretation of theory and practice
Authors: Bleshchik A. V. , Kalinina A. G. , Nesmeyanova S. E.
Published: June 2024

The subject of the study is the legal relations arising from the public authority’s organization and its levels’ interaction after the constitutional reform of 2020. The organized interaction of the public authority levels determines the effectiveness of this system itself. Nowadays the issue of coordinated interaction between levels (centers) of public authority has become important, especially considering new global challenges in the different spheres. Therefore, the public authority and its levels as well as its organization and interaction become the subject of the legal theory and serve as a catalyst for legal changes, including constitutional one.

The purpose of this paper is to examine the concept of public authority and analyze different approaches to the levels of it in theory and practice, paying the attention to the municipal level and its twofold role.

Methodology. Formal-logical, comparative-legal, analysis methods were used. The interaction of levels of public authority is considered from the point of view of dialogism. This approach allows to establish that the interaction between levels of the public authority can be regarded as full only if they are organizationally isolated and financial and decision-making independent.

Main results. The authors demonstrate the vitality of the theory that predetermined the ongoing changes in the Russian legal system, and examine approaches to the concept of public authority and its levels. It is however apparent that the created system does not include the level of community public authority. Based on the analysis of decisions of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, the evolution of levels of public authority in their interaction with each other is revealed. Besides, certain elements of centralization of public administration are essentially opposed to the principle of subsidiarity, the analysis of which is also presented in the paper since it determines the scope of competence of public legal entities and allows achieving maximum freedom and efficiency of the activities of bodies. At last, the authors give characteristics to the municipal level by two opposing trends: globalization and glocalization.

Conclusions. In Russia the practice of organizing public authority does not fully comply with the principle of subsidiarity as well as the new legal term of the system of public authority does not include all the variety of elements that the constitutional scientists mentioned, including the community public authority. This one along with the municipal authority level assessed as a potential matter for further reforms necessary for the formation of a trust of public authorities and for the population’s participation in state affairs.
ATRIAL CARDIOMYOPATHY AND STROKE PREVENTION - REVIEW
Authors:   Department of propaedeutics of internal diseases, UMHAT ", Stoimenov Blagovest ,   Alexandrovska",   Medical Faculty, Medical University - Sofia, Bulgaria., Pancheva Ralitsa ,   Department of propaedeutics of internal diseases, UMHAT "Alexandrovska"; Medical Faculty, Medical University - Sofia, Bulgaria.
Published: June 2024

Atrial cardiomyopathy (ACM) represents a novel paradigm in cardiovascular medicine, encompassing structural and functional changes within the atria that contribute to adverse clinical outcomes, notably stroke. This review explores the multifaceted implications of ACM, particularly its relevance independent of atrial fibrillation (AF) and its potential applications in stroke prevention and management. Advancements in imaging modalities, notably speckle-tracking echocardiography, offer valuable insights into atrial remodeling and dysfunction, facilitating early detection of ACM. Markers such as P-wave terminal force, NT-proBNP levels, and left atrial dimensions serve as diagnostic indicators for ACM, aiding in risk stratification in individuals devoid of AF history. Ischemic strokes are one of the most common causes of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. A significant proportion of patients with ischemic stroke are suspected of embolic stroke without a specific embolic source being found (ESUS). The most recent related clinical trials evaluated tailored anticoagulation strategies in ACM-associated stroke, signaling a shift beyond conventional AF management. In conclusion, ACM emerges as a pivotal concept in stroke prevention, offering opportunities for personalized interventions and refined risk stratification beyond AF.
Unraveling Tissue Mechanics: Investigating Structure, Fluid Dynamics, and Rheological Behavior
Authors: Bi Dapeng "Max"
Published: June 2024

From the beginnings of life as a single cell to the intricate assembly of a fully developed organism, embryonic tissues undergo significant transformations to develop vital organs, while adult organisms continuously adapt to mechanical forces at cellular and tissue levels, crucial for sustaining essential life functions. This presentation delves into the intricate relationship between cellular resistance to mechanical forces and their coordinated movements, fundamental to both embryonic growth and adult health. I will explore three key aspects: Using computational models based on soft matter physics, we analyze shear-induced rigidity and the mechanisms driving fluidity in epithelial tissues; we examine the complex interactions between external mechanical stresses and internal cellular dynamics, uncovering a range of rheological behaviors like shear thickening—essential for understanding responses under diverse conditions; and we investigate the effects of cellular processes such as division and apoptosis on tissue states, focusing on the emergence of hexatic phases—an intermediate state displaying properties of both solids and liquids.
Empowering the Innovative Entrepreneurship Culture: Understanding the Key Factors and Government Supports from the Perspective of Senior Omani SMEs
Authors: Alhattali Khalid Suraid Salim , Omar Rosmini , Alrumaidhi Sulaiyam Aziz , Ramely Aslinda
Published: June 2024

With the Sultanate of Oman promoting innovation-driven entrepreneurship and enacting legislation to facilitate the rapid expansion of creative start-ups, this study found a need to explore both types of innovative entrepreneurs and entrepreneurial innovation. Following that, the purpose of this qualitative study is to explore the key factors involved in becoming an innovative entrepreneur from the perspective of fifteen senior Omani SMEs and to understand the support received by them in promoting entrepreneurial innovation. They were selected and interviewed using the purposive sampling technique. The study's findings revealed five key factors involved in becoming an innovative entrepreneur, including (i) technology adoption; (ii) knowledge of the business environment and rivals as well as resilient; (iii) positive attitudes; (iv) financial management; and (v) focusing on customers. However, only some of them received government support, such as lectures, workshops, and financial assistance or loans. This paper believes that identifying these key factors allows other SMEs to imitate similar factors, thus embarking on an innovative culture in their businesses. The understanding of the support given by the government allows this study to track the efforts made by the government in their effort to encourage innovation-driven entrepreneurship.
Arap Modernistlerin Vahiy Algısı
Authors: Soliman Abdülkerim
Published: June 2024

Kur'an, İslam kutsal metni olarak kabul edilir ve Müslümanlar için rehberlik edici bir kaynak olarak görülür. Ancak, Kur’an’ın yorumlanması ve anlaşılması sürekli bir tartışma konusu olmuştur. Özellikle modernistler, Kur’an’ı çağdaş bir perspektiften ele alarak geleneksel yorumları sorgulamış ve yeniden değerlendirmişlerdir. Arap coğrafyasındaki modernist yazarlar ise 19. ve 20. yy’da Kur’an’ı inceleme konusunda yoğun ilgi gösterdiler. Bu ilgi, Kur’an metnini okuma ve yorumlama konusunda farklı bir metodoloji geliştirmelerine zemin hazırladı. Bunun neticesinde onlar çalışmalarında, sadece ayetlerin yorumlanmasıyla sınırlı kalmadılar, aynı zamanda Kur’an metninin tarihsel ve kültürel oluşumunu ele alan bir yaklaşımı benimsediler ve Kur’an metninin oluşum aşamalarına çalışmalarında özel olarak yer verdiler. Bu da “vahiy” ile başlayıp Kur’an’ın Hz. Peygamber’e indirildiği ve ardından Hz. Peygamber’in vahyi ashaba aktardığı dönemi kapsıyor. Daha sonra Kur’an’ın yazıya geçirildiği ve belirli bir sistem içinde toplandığı döneme ve alimlerimizin Kur’an’ı sistematik bir şekilde açıklamaya başladığı döneme kadar uzanıyor.
Bu çalışmada, özellikle Arap modernistlerin Kur’an’ı yorumlamadaki önemli temellerden biri olan Kur’an’ın tarihselliği iddiası ele alınmaktadır. Onların tarihselcilik merkezli yaklaşımı; Kur’an’ı inceledikleri zaman ve mekanın, ilk muhatapların hüküm sürdüğü kültürle ilişkisini anlamaya yönelik olduğu anlaşılmıştır. Bu da onları, Kur’an'ın söz konusu zaman ve mekandaki bağlamı içinde sınırlı kalması ve kültürel farklılıklar ile insan ihtiyaçlarındaki çeşitlilik nedeniyle diğer zamanlara uygunsuz olduğu sonucuna ulaştırmaktadır. Çalışmamızdaki amacımız ise modernist yaklaşımın vahiy ve nübüvvet özelinde savundukları görüşler analiz edilmiştir. Nihai olarak tarihselci modernist bakış açısının hataları ortaya konulmuş ve çözüme dair teklifler sunulmuştur.
Kur’ân’ın Doğru Anlaşılmasında Önemli Bir Faktör: Şibih
Authors: Yıldırım Akif
Published: June 2024

Kur’an’ın dili; özellikle tekrarlar, benzetmeler, metaforlar ve diğer retorik figürlerin kullanımını itibariyle zengindir. Kur’an’ın üslûbunu zenginleştiren unsurlardan biri de şibih cümlelerdir. Şibih cümleler, Arap dilinin estetik ve edebi yönünü vurgulamasıyla öne çıkmakta ve metne, anlam ve ifade zenginliği kazandırarak dilin estetik yönünü güçlendirmektedir. Kur’an-ı Kerim’de de şibih cümle kalıplarının sıkça kullanılması konunun önemini göstermektedir. Bu çalışmada Kur’an-ı Kerim’deki şibih cümle kalıplarının anlama olan etkisi konu edinmektedir. Cümle içerisinde genellikle anlamın tamamlayıcı unsuru olarak görülen şibih cümleye, müfessirlerin ve dilbilimcilerin yaklaşımı ve yorumlara etkisinin tespiti amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma, Nitel Araştırma Yöntemi’nin ‘doküman incelemesi’ esası dikkate alınarak yapılmıştır. Toplanan veriler arası ilişkinin değerlendirilmesi ‘içerik analizi’ne dayalı olarak yorumların kıyasıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Dilbilimsel tefsirler ve dilbilimcilerin görüşlerinin kıyası neticesinde şibih cümlelerin irâbtaki konumuna göre manaya etki ettiği tespit edilmiştir. Örnek ayetlerle açıkladığımız bu durum, bazen cümle içerisinde kapalılığın giderilmesi, bazen eksik mananın tamamlanması bazen de mananın tahsise uğraması gibi durumlarda kendisini göstermiştir. Sonuç olarak; Kur’an’ın verdiği mesajdaki incelikte, kelime seçiminin ve cümle yapılarının önemli olduğu ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bu durum şibih cümlenin, takdim veya tehir sebebiyle ayetlerin manasında etkili olduğu gibi şibih cümlenin mütaallakının fiil veya isim olmasıyla da doğrudan ilintilidir. Çalışma, dilbilgisiyle ayetlerin manasının birbirine hassas bir şekilde bağlı olduğunu bizlere göstermektedir.
İlahiyat Fakültelerinde Hâfızlık Pekiştirme Uygulaması (İstanbul Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Kur’ân-ı Kerîm Okuma ve Kıraat İlmi Ana Bilim Dalı Örneği)
Authors: Yılmaz Esra
Published: June 2024

İlahiyat fakültelerinin Temel İslam Bilimleri bölümüne bağlı olan Kur'ân-ı Kerîm Okuma ve Kırâat İlmi Anabilim Dalı dersleri lisans eğitimi boyunca her dönem zorunlu olarak verilmektedir. Uygulama ve teorik olarak tatbik edilen Kur’ân dersleri mesleki eğitim açısından oldukça önemlidir. İlahiyat fakültelerini kazanan öğrenciler çeşitli liselerden mezun olabilmektedir. Dolayısıyla İstanbul Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi’ni farklı eğitim alt yapısıyla kazanan öğrenciler için Kur’ân okuma seviye tespit sınavı yapılmaktadır. İlgili fakültede bu sınav neticesinde belirlenen seviyelerle, Kur’ân dersi kur sistemli eğitim ile verilmektedir. İlahiyat fakültesini kazanan öğrencilerin içinde hafız öğrenciler de vardır. Bilhassa 2021 senesinde YÖK tarafından hafız ve imam hatip lisesi mezunları için açılan avantajlı kontenjanlar neticesinde İlahiyat Fakültelerine hafız öğrencilerin talebi arttı. Bu bağlamda İstanbul Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Kur'ân-ı Kerîm Okuma ve Kırâat İlmi Anabilim Dalı tarafından hafız öğrencilere hazırlık müfredatı yerine onlara katkı sağlayacak bir eğitim metodu geliştirilmeye karar verildi. Hafızlar için özel sınıflar açılmak suretiyle hıfzlarını pekiştirme uygulaması hayata geçirildi. Bu çalışmada İstanbul Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Kur'ân-ı Kerîm Okuma ve Kırâat İlmi Anabilim Dalı tarafından hafızlar için uygulanan eğitim modeli konu alınmaktadır. Hafız öğrencilere uygulanan bu metodun 2021-2022 senesi boyunca uygulanabilirliği incelenmiş ve sene sonunda etik kurul raporu alınarak uygulamaya katılan hafız öğrencilerle nicel veri toplama türü anket uygulaması yapılmıştır. Çalışmada bir sene boyunca uygulanan metot değerlendirilmektedir.
NURİ BİLGE CEYLAN SİNEMASINDA RUHUN SEMBOLİK YANSIMALARI: AĞAÇLARIN TEMSİLİ VE ANLAM ARAYIŞI
Authors: Sunal Gözde , Erutku Bülent Ümit
Published: June 2024

İnsanın en kadim dostu olan ağaç, dünya kültürlerinde ortak unsurlardan biridir. Eski insanlar ağaçları, toprak altından gökyüzüne ulaşan boyu, uzun yaşamı ve yüceliği nedeniyle Tanrı ile bağ kurmaya aracı olabilecek yüce bir varlık olarak düşünmüşlerdir. Hayat ağacı kavramı, bütün inanç sistemlerinde yer almıştır. Efsanelere, mitolojilere konu olan ağaç; doğaldır ki sanatta da yer bulmuştur. Edebiyattan resme, şiirden felsefeye; fotoğraftan sinemaya, ağaç ya doğrudan ya da metaforik olarak anlam katmanları oluşturmuştur.
Türk sinemasının önemli isimlerinden olan fotoğraf kökenli sinemacı, auteur yönetmen Nuri Bilge Ceylan filmlerinde doğaya ve doğanın karakterlerle olan ilişkisine önem vermiştir. Yönetmen, anlatım dilini güçlendiren bir öğe olarak da özellikle ağaç görselini kullanmayı tercih etmektedir. Ağaç, doğanın döngüsü, hayatın geçiciliği ve aynı zamanda insanların içsel yolculuklarını temsil etmektedir. Ceylan’ın filmlerinde yansıtmak istediği derin melankoli, yalnızlık ve boşluk hissi; boş yollar, kar yağışı ve ağaç temasıyla örülmüştür. Mevsim geçişleri ve dolayısıyla zamanın geçişi çoğu sahnede ağacın temsiliyeti ile görülmektedir. Onun sinemasında ağaçların temsili ve anlamı, sadece görsel bir motif olarak kalmaz; aynı zamanda anlatısını destekleyen ve güçlendiren bir unsurdur.
Bu eksende çalışmanın amacı, Ceylan’ın görsel anlatıda sıklıkla kullandığı motiflerden biri olan ağaçların sinemasındaki yerini ve anlamını analiz etmek ve metaforik olarak kullanımını irdelemektir. Bunun için konuyla ilişkili doküman incelemesi, film taraması ve betimsel analiz tekniği birlikte kullanılmıştır. Bu yöntemlerin birlikte kullanılmasının çalışmanın metodolojisi açısından uygun olacağı düşünülmektedir. Dolayısıyla çalışma, sinema ve sanat alanındaki ilgili araştırmalara yeni bir bakış açısı sunarak, Ceylan sinemasının özgün ve etkileyici yönlerini daha iyi anlamamıza katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.
İNFODEMİ VE AŞI KARŞITLIĞI: COVID-19 SALGIN KRİZİ İLETİŞİM SÜRECİNE DAİR BİR İNCELEME
Authors: Konukman Emrah Alparslan
Published: June 2024

ÖZET:
Covid-19 Salgını, tüm dünya insanlarının gündelik rutin yaşamını değiştiren, insan sağlığını tehdit eden ve herkesin tedbir almasını sağlayan günümüzün en önemli küresel salgını olmuştur. Salgın tüm toplumlarda endişe, panik ve korkuya neden olmuş bu bilinmeyen virüse karşı insanların nasıl tedbir alıp mücadele edeceği ilk öncelik olmuştur. Böylesi kriz zamanında resmi kurumlar, devlet yöneticileri kamuoyunu bilgilendirme yaparken, televizyon kanalları ve sosyal medya da halkın öncelikle bu salgın belirsizliğinde yöneldiği önemli kitle iletişim araçları olmuştur. Salgının yayılma hızı kadar, salgının kaynağı, yayılma süreci ve alınacak tedbirlere kadar birçok konuda yalan haber / bilgi de hızlı yayılmıştır. Böylece Dünya Sağlık Örgütü’nün 2003 yılında kullandığı ama Covid-19 salgınıyla ortaya çıkan “infodemi” kavramıyla tanışmıştır. İnfodemi, özellikle sosyal medyada hızla yayılma imkanı bulmuş, teyite muhtaç, bilimsellikten uzak bilgilerin tüm dünyaya yayılmasını sağlamıştır. İnfodeminin en büyük etkilerinden biri de, salgınla mücadelede önemli bir role sahip olan aşıya yönelik etkisidir. Aşının içeriği ve etkilerine yönelik üretilen infodemi, salgınla mücadelede aşılanmanın sağladığı toplumsal bağışıklığın hızını yavaşlatmıştır. Bilimsel gözlemi esas alan literatür tarama yöntemi ile inşa edilen bu çalışmada, Covid-19 salgını krizinde aşı karşıtlığının veya aşı tereddüdünün yaşanmasında infodeminin etkileri ortaya çıkarmaya çalışılmış, ayrıca infodemi ile mücadele için alınan tedbirler de incelenmiştir.
BİR KAVRAM ANALİZİ: SOSYAL MEDYA MI, SOSYAL AĞ MI?
Authors: Acar Nihal
Published: June 2024

Bilgisayar ve internet teknolojisinin gelişmesi, kişilerin iletişim kurduğu araçlarda değişimler başlatmıştır. Kişiler, internet erişimi olan tüm cihazlardan etkileşim kurabilmektedir. Sosyal medya, web teknolojisi üzerine kurulmuş bir iletişim aracıdır. Çok farklı kullanım amaçları bulunan sosyal medyanın birden çok türü bulunmaktadır. Sosyal medyanın türlere ayrılmasında web teknolojisinin gelişimi belirleyici olmuştur. Sosyal ağ, sosyal medyanın bilgi paylaşım siteleri, bloglar, mikroboglar, fotoğraf-video paylaşım siteleri gibi alt türleri içinde yer almaktadır. web 2.0 üzerine kurulan ve karşılıklı etkileşim ile sosyalleşme imkanı sağlayan sosyal ağ, sosyal medyanın en çok kullanılan türüdür. Kullanım oranının yüksek olması, nüfus yapısının özellikleri, etkileşim, sosyalleşme, anlık mesajlaşma, paylaşım, gizlilik ile kontrolün kullanıcının denetiminde olması sosyal ağ oluşumlarını hızlandırmıştır. Araştırmacı, alanyazında yer alan çalışmalarda kavramların tanımına yönelik bir karışıklık olduğunu fark etmiştir. Ayrıca araştırmacı, katılım sağladığı kongrelerde de kavramların yanlış kullanıldığını gözlemlemiştir. Bu araştırma alanyazında bulunan bu kavram karmaşasını gidermek üzere yapılandırılmıştır. Çalışma, nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden kavram analizi tekniği ile inşa edilmiştir. Araştırmanın sonunda kavramların birbirinden farklı olduğu belirlenmiştir. Araştırmacı, gelecekte yapılabilecek çalışmalarda bu konuya özgü incelemelerin yapılmasını önermiştir.
SAĞLIK ÇALIŞANLARINA ŞİDDET HABERLERİNİN ÇERÇEVELEME YAKLAŞIMI İLE İNCELENMESİ
Authors: Karaman Nazife
Published: June 2024

Çalışmada sağlık çalışanlarının maruz kaldığı şiddetin medya tarafından sunum biçimi çerçeveleme yöntemi ile ele alınmaktadır. Çalışmanın birinci bölümünde şiddet kavramı üzerinde açıklanmış; şiddet türleri, medya ve şiddet ilişkisi incelenmiştir. Çalışmanın ikinci bölümünde çerçeveleme kavramı açıklanmıştır. Çerçeveleme kavramının ortaya çıkışı ve çerçeveleme teknikleri ile ilgili açıklamalar yapılmıştır. Çalışmanın üçüncü bölümünde internet haber siteleri taranarak sağlık çalışanlarına yönelik şiddet haberlerinin analizi yapılmıştır. 2020 yılı içinde, 12 farklı internet haber sitesinde yer alan toplam 130 sağlık çalışanına şiddet haberi incelenmiştir. İçerik analizi yöntemi ile veriler SPSS 22 programına girilerek veri analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Şiddet, haber çerçeveleri ile öne çıkarılmakta ve normalleştirilmektedir. Haber çerçevelerinin olay ve şiddet odaklı çerçevesi yerine şiddeti önleyici öne çıkarmalar yaparak yeniden düzenlenmesi topluma daha olumlu yansıyacaktır.
Efektivitas Model Problem Based Learning Berbantuan Geogebra terhadap Kemampuan Literasi Matematis Siswa pada Materi Fungsi Kuadrat
Authors: Kusumawati Widya , Purwosetiyono FX. Didik , Handayani Sri Hastuti Retno
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini mempunyai tujuan untuk melihat efektivitas model Problem Based Learning berbantuan Geogebra terhadap kemampuan literasi matematis siswa. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan bentuk Posttestt-Only Control Design. Populasi pada penelitian ini melibatkan keseluruhan siswa kelas X SMA Negeri 14 Semarang dengan sampel penelitian yaitu kelas X-6 sejumlah 35 siswa sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas X-8 sejumlah 34 siswa sebagai kelas kontrol yang dipilih melalui teknik cluster random sampling. Analisis data dilakukan melalui perhitungan uji normalitas, uji homogenitas, uji ketuntasan belajar, uji regresi linear sederhana, dan uji t dua sampel. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data, diperoleh nilai signifikansi pada uji t satu sampel adalah 0,000 yang artinya model PBL berbantuan Geogebra mencapai ketuntasan individual dan persentase ketuntasan klasikal sebesar 88,57% yang menunjukkan tuntas secara klasikal. Pada perhitungan uji regresi linear sederhana diperoleh nilai koefisien determinasi 0,344 yang artinya ada pengaruh keaktifan sebesar 34,4% terhadap kemampuan literasi matematis. Selain itu, dengan menggunakan uji t dua sampel diperoleh nilai rata-rata posttest pada kelas eksperimen yaitu 81,03 dan nilai rata-rata posttest pada kelas kontrol yaitu 77,21 sehingga kemampuan literasi matematis siswa yang diterapkan model Problem Based Learning berbantuan Geogebra lebih baik dibandingkan dengan yang diterapkan model Problem Based Learning. Oleh karena itu, bisa ditarik kesimpulan bahwa pembelajaran dengan model Problem Based Learning (PBL) berbantuan Geogebra dikatakan efektif.
Glaucoma and metabolic syndrome
Authors: Getmanova A. M. , Brezhnev A. Yu. , Kuroyedov A. V. , Zubasheva S. A.
Published: June 2024

Studies in recent years have shown an increase in the prevalence of systemic diseases, some of which may be independent risk factors for the development and progression of glaucoma. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is currently one of the leading public health problems in the world. Some studies indicate a relationship between MetS and its individual components (in particular, insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, impaired homeostasis, and systemic arterial hypertension) with an increase in intraocular pressure (IOP), ocular hypertension, and the development of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). However, no unambiguous conclusions about the role of MetS in the pathogenesis of glaucoma has been established due to the insufficient number of scientific studies on this topic, the differences in their methodology, and the contradictory results. Further research is needed to determine the role and place of MetS in the occurrence and development of POAG, and the prospects for the practical application of this knowledge.

This review presents literature data on the effect of MetS and its individual components on IOP, occurrence and development of glaucoma and several other ophthalmic diseases
Importance of questionnaires and screening tonometry for early detection of glaucoma
Authors: Obodova K. V. , Strenev N. V.
Published: June 2024

PURPOSE. To evaluate the diagnostic effectiveness of questionnaires in combination with tonometry at the first stage of screening for early detection of glaucoma.

METHODS. The study analyzed a group of 640 people who applied for intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement. All subjects filled out a questionnaire aimed at identifying risk factors for glaucoma, and had non-contact tonometry (Reichert 7 CR) measurement taken. Of these, 238 people had normal IOP level and no risk factors. The remaining 402 people (with elevated IOP and/or risk factors — 4 points or more on the questionnaire) underwent a comprehensive examination, including tonometry using various methods, Pulsar perimetry, optical coherence tomography of the posterior segment of the eye with analysis of the ganglion cell complex, ophthalmologist's examination.

RESULTS. At the stage of pre-medical tonometry, IOP of 21 mm Hg and below was recorded in 216 people (53.7%), 22–28 mm Hg — in 139 (34.5%), 29 mm Hg and above — in 47 (11.6%). During a comprehensive examination, IOP up to 21 mm Hg was detected in 151 people (37.5%), 22–28 mm Hg — in 214 (53.2%), 29 mm Hg and above — in 37 (9.2%). Of the 402 examined, glaucoma was diagnosed in 178 patients (44.1%), glaucoma/ocular hypertension was suspected in 139 (34.5%), and in 85 (21.1%) no glaucomaspecific data was found. At the same time, among 186 people with elevated IOP without risk factors, glaucoma was detected in 30.5% of cases, and glaucoma/ocular hypertension was suspected in 14.9% of cases. In total, of the 640 people who applied to the pre-medical tonometry measurement, glaucoma was detected in 178 (27.8%), and glaucoma/ocular hypertension was suspected in 139 (21.7%). Early glaucoma was detected in 94 cases (52.8%), moderate glaucoma in 63 (35.5%), and advanced glaucoma in 21 (11.7%). No cases of advanced glaucoma were detected among those selected for a comprehensive examination based on the results of the questionnaire.

CONCLUSION. The use of questionnaires in addition to pre-medical tonometry increased the detection rate of glaucoma from 30.5% to 44.4%, and the group of patients with suspected glaucoma/ocular hypertension increased from 14.9% to 34.3%.
Emerging and Novel Therapeutic Treatments Targeting Mitochondrial-Endoplasmic Reticulum Contact Sites in Metabolic and Vascular Disorders
Authors: Monaghan Richard M.
Published: June 2024

Review
Emerging and Novel Therapeutic Treatments Targeting Mitochondrial-Endoplasmic Reticulum Contact Sites in Metabolic and Vascular Disorders

Richard M. Monaghan
The British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence Manchester, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, The University of Manchester, AV Hill Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PN, UK;richard.monaghan@manchester.ac.uk

Received: 10 April 2024; Revised: 5 May 2024; Accepted: 7 May 2024; Published: 6 June 2024
 
Abstract: Subcellular organellar contact sites, particularly those between mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum (MERCSs), play crucial roles in maintaining health. These specialized partitions facilitate vital communication between the organelles, regulating processes essential for cell function, including calcium balance, lipid biogenesis and transport, mitochondrial dynamics, and programmed cell death. Growing evidence shows that perturbation of MERCSs contributes significantly to various diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s, metabolic issues, such as type 2 diabetes, heart conditions, and cancer. This review dives into this expanding field, exploring MERCSs as potential therapeutic targets. It provides a detailed overview of the proteins and processes that form and maintain MERCSs, highlighting how their disruption can lead to cellular dysfunction and disease. Additionally, it examines recent exciting breakthroughs in developing drugs and strategies that can manipulate MERCSs for clinical benefits. While challenges remain, this review emphasises the potential of MERCS-based therapies and outlines the critical research needed to move these treatments from the lab to the clinic.
Eupatorium Lindleyanum DC. Extract Protects against MPTP-induced Mouse of Parkinson’s Disease by Targeting Neuroinflammation
Authors: Zhang Yichi , Yao Lu , Zhang Xiaowen , Yang Zhuo , Chen Yang , Zheng Lingli , Zheng Yongzhe , Yu Wei , Mamadalieva Nilufar Z. , Han Bo , Tu Pengfei , Mukhamatkhanova Rimma F. , Zeng Kewu
Published: June 2024

Article
Eupatorium Lindleyanum DC. Extract Protects against MPTP-induced Mouse of Parkinson’s Disease by Targeting Neuroinflammation

Yichi Zhang 1, Lu Yao 1, Xiaowen Zhang 1, Zhuo Yang 1, Yang Chen 2, Lingli Zheng 1, Yongzhe Zheng 1, Wei Yu 2, Nilufar Z. Mamadalieva 3, Bo Han 2, Pengfei Tu 1, Rimma F. Mukhamatkhanova 3, and Kewu Zeng 1, *

1  State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
2  School of Pharmacy/Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China
3  Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances AS RUz, Mirzo Ulugbek Str 77, Tashkent 100170, Uzbekistan
* Correspondence: ZKW@bjmu.edu.cn
 
Received: 10 May 2024; Revised: 14 May 2024; Accepted: 24 May 2024; Published: 6 June 2024
 

Abstract: Background: Neuroinflammation plays a vital role in the pathology of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Eupatorium lindleyanum DC. (EL) has previously reported to exert anti-inflammation activity. Methods: In the present study, we examined the effects of the EL extract (ELE) on 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced mouse model of PD and potential molecular mechanisms. The anti-neuroinflammation effect of ELE was also determined in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced BV-2 cells in vitro. Moreover, the ELE-interacting target proteins were identified. And the bioinformatics analysis was performed based on the identified targets. Results: Our results showed that ELE significantly alleviated motor performance impairment and neuronal damage in MPTP-induced PD mice. In particular, ELE reversed MPTP-induced neuroinflammation via inhibiting microglial activation that was associated with progressive PD. Moreover, the anti-neuroinflammation effect of ELE was confirmed in LPS-induced BV-2 cells by detecting the release of pro-inflammatory factors such as nitric oxide (NO), interleukin-6 (Il-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Furthermore, the ELE- interacting target proteins were identified by affinity purification-mass spectrometry-based proteomics strategy. Then, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway was enriched by kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) analysis. We found that ELE markedly increased AMPK phosphorylation and inhibited nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signal in BV-2 cells. Conclusion: Collectively, these results indicate that ELE may exert significant neuroprotective effects against PD via targeting neuroinflammation.
The Role of the CREB Signaling Pathway in Tumor Development and Therapeutic Potential
Authors: Jin Qunlong , Jiang Youheng , Zhang Zhiheng , Yang Yanming , Fu Zhang , Gao Yunfeng , Li Ningning , He Yulong , Li Changxue
Published: June 2024

Review
The Role of the CREB Signaling Pathway in Tumor Development and Therapeutic Potential

Qunlong Jin 1,2,†, Youheng Jiang 1,2,†, Zhiheng Zhang 1,3,†, Yanming Yang 1, Zhang Fu 1, Yunfeng Gao 1,4, Ningning Li 1,5, Yulong He 2,*, and Changxue Li 1,2,*

1 Tomas Lindahl Nobel Laureate Laboratory, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
2 Digestive Diseases Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
3 The Affiliated High School of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518066, China
4 Department of Otolaryngology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
5 China-UK Institute for Frontier Science, Shenzhen, 518107, China
† These authors contributed equally to this work.
* Correspondence: heyulong@mail.sysu.edu.cn (Y.L.H.); lichx59@mail2.sysu.edu.cn (C.X.L.)
 
Received: 2 May 2024; Revised: 19 May 2024; Accepted: 20 May 2024; Published: 11 June 2024
 

Abstract: The cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) is a multifunctional transcription factor belonging to the basic leucine zipper (bZIP) family of proteins. It regulates the expression of target genes by binding to the cAMP response element (CRE) on DNA. The activation of CREB in cells typically depends on its phosphorylation, mediated by kinases activated by various signaling pathways, such as the cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA) pathway and the PI3K-AKT pathway. CREB regulates genes involved in various cellular functions, including cell growth, differentiation, survival, as well as the development and plasticity of the nervous system. Therefore, CREB plays a key role in the development of neurological diseases, oncology, and other diseases. This review aims to systematically elucidate the structure and regulatory mechanisms of CREB, its biological function in tumors, and the potential of targeting the CREB signaling pathway in anti-tumor therapy, with the hope of providing new strategies and targets for cancer treatment.
Distillation-Based User Selection for Heterogeneous Feder-ated Learning
Authors: Li Bowen , Li Wenling
Published: June 2024

Article
Distillation-Based User Selection for Heterogeneous Federated Learning

Bowen Li, and Wenling Li *

School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
* Correspondence: lwlmath@buaa.edu.cn
 
 
Received: 7 September 2023
Accepted: 9 November 2023
Published: 26 June 2024
 

Abstract: Federated learning is a newly developing distributed machine learning technology, which makes it possible for users to train machine learning models with decentralized privacy data. Owing to huge communication overhead, the traditional federated learning algorithm samples user data randomly, which may reduce the performance of the model due to the statistical heterogeneity of users. In this paper, we propose a distillation-based user selection algorithm for federated learning in heterogeneous situations. Based on knowledge distillation, the soft targets of users are uploaded to the server as a basis for user selection. Our algorithm reduces the statistical heterogeneity of selected users, resulting in low additional communication and computation overhead. Experiments implemented on MNIST and fashion-MNIST show that the proposed algorithm obtains better model performance as compared to the federated averaging algorithm and several other user selection algorithms.
Industrialization of Election Infringement in Simultaneous Elections: Lessons from Sweden
Authors: Putra Perbawa Ketut Sukewati Lanang , Hanum Willy Naresta , Atabekov Almaz Karimovich
Published: June 2024

Election violations are increasingly occurring on a massive scale. In Indonesia, by early 2024, 1,032 violations had been handled only for the simultaneous general elections for president, vice president, and members of national and regional legislatures. Meanwhile, the results of handling violations in the 2019 simultaneous elections increased sharply to 21,169 cases, or an increase of 58.3% from 2014. This was due to the material on Indonesia's general election regulations, which overlapped and were not in harmony with the Constitution and judges' decisions. This research aims to analyze the issues surrounding simultaneous general elections in Indonesia and outline alternative progressive policies for achieving democratic governance with dignity and integrity during the next general election. This research focuses on normative law, utilizing statutory and conceptual approaches that pertain to democracy, elections, and various types of violations. To get an overview of the new policy, this research compares the handling of election violations in Indonesia with that in Sweden. The research results show violations of the general election administration, the code of ethics for election organizers, election crimes, and other legal violations in Indonesia and Sweden. However, Sweden still maintains its democratic stability. Several election manipulation factors that become fraud or violations are the manipulation of election rules, the manipulation of vote conditioning in the form of money politics, the updating of voter lists, and the conditioning of candidate requirements to cyberattacks. Therefore, it is crucial for regulations, participants, and the voting public to reevaluate the integrity of elections.
Monitoring Emissions over Coastal Regions of Pakistan: Current Status and Applicable Techniques
Authors: Safdar Fasiha , Zeenat Saba , Abdul Nasir Bilal
Published: June 2024

Shipping operations have an environmental impact both in ports, as well as in the immediate vicinity of the coast. These impacts are due to the fuel burning exhaust from the ship’s main and auxiliary engines which contain gases like Carbon Dioxide (CO2), Carbon Monoxide (CO), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) and Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) and machinery used for loading and unloading, in addition to particulate matter and dust from the handling of materials such as grain, coal and sand. Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information System (GIS) is an efficient tool being used worldwide for the monitoring of environmental problems. Response of Earth’s atmosphere or surface to electromagnetic radiation can be mapped through RS for the status of changes in the natural environment. Smart sensors developed for detection of air pollutants is an emerging technique to monitor emissions for real time monitoring and management of air pollution in distant regions. In the current study, satellite data is used to investigated concentrations of key emissions from shipping operations at ports to analyse the status of air pollutants over coastal regions of Pakistan. The pollutants investigated in this study through RS and GIS technique include CO2, SO2, NO2, CO and Particulate Matter (PM). These emission trends can be used to determine the efficacy of mitigatory measures to reduce emissions at ports and monitor the air quality of coastal areas. Furthermore, use of scientific technology and current trends in the measurement and monitoring of shipping emission have been studied for their applicability in Pakistan.
Asimetría de la masa, fuerza y potencia muscular de los miembros inferiores de estudiantes universitarios
Authors: Candia Luján Ramón , De Paz Fernández José Antonio
Published: June 2024

Cuando la asimetría funcional bilateral, diferencia entre el lado dominante y el no dominante, está por encima de los niveles normales puede propiciar lesiones osteomusculares, sobre todo si se trata de los miembros inferiores. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar la asimetría de la masa, fuerza máxima y potencia muscular de los miembros inferiores de 24 estudiantes universitarios. La masa muscular se determinó por medio de una absorciometría de rayos X de doble energía (DXA), la fuerza máxima con una repetición máxima (1-RM) en sentadilla unilateral en máquina Smith. La potencia muscular se evaluó utilizando un encoder (transductor de posición lineal) con cargas del 30, 40, 50, 60 y 70% de la 1-RM. La masa muscular de la pierna dominante fue 5.42 ± 1.42 kg mientras que para la no dominante fue de 5.37 ± 1.46 kg. La fuerza máxima de la pierna dominante fue 93.2 ± 20 kg y para la no dominante 90.8 ± 21 kg. Al igual que en las anteriores variables en la potencia muscular no hubo diferencia significativa entre la pierna dominante y no dominante con ninguna de las cargas evaluadas, la máxima potencia se alcanzó con las cargas del 60 y 70 % de la 1-RM. Los sujetos evaluados no presentaron diferencia significativa entre el lado dominante y el no dominante, por lo que el nivel de asimetría en la masa, fuerza máxima y potencia muscular es baja.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.54167/tch.v9i1.599