bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A highly reversible zinc deposition for flow batteries regulated by critical concentration induced nucleation
Authors: Wang Shengnan , Wang Ziyuan , Yin Yanbin , Li Tianyu , Chang Nana , Fan Fengtao , Zhang Huamin , Li Xianfeng
Published: May 2021

Zn2+ concentration will affect the nucleation mode, thereby changing the deposition morphology. Based on morphological evolution, the optimized electrolyte utilization rate is proposed to maintain the high reversibility of Zn in Zn-based flow batteries.
One-pot route to convert technical lignin into versatile lignin esters for tailored bioplastics and sustainable materials
Authors: Liu Li-Yang , Chen Siwei , Ji Lun , Jang Soo-Kyeong , Renneckar Scott
Published: May 2021

This study developed a green and scalable route to obtain esterified lignin derivatives with controllable structure-property.
Biocatalytic access to betazole using a one-pot multienzymatic system in continuous flow
Authors: Romero-Fernandez Maria , Paradisi Francesca
Published: May 2021

The primary amine of betazole is synthesised from an alcohol in a one-pot, continuous flow biocatalytic cascade, using a PBR hosting a multienzyme co-immobilised system with constant O2 supply for in situ cofactor recycling, yielding 2.59 g L−1 h−1.
Synthesis of n-hydrated nickel sulfates from mechanically alloyed nanocrystalline nickel sulfides
Authors: Ulbrich K. F. , Souza B. S. , Campos C. E. M.
Published: May 2021

Nanocrystalline NiS–NiS2 made by mechanochemistry converted to NSHs (> 80% after 35 days at 50 °C). EcoScale score 75 for synthesis, and 80 and 72 for NSH production at room temperature and at 50 °C, respectively. The E-factor is close to zero.
Ru single atoms for efficient chemoselective hydrogenation of nitrobenzene to azoxybenzene
Authors: Wu Bo , Lin Tiejun , Yang Ruoou , Huang Min , Zhang Huan , Li Ji , Sun Fanfei , Song Fei , Jiang Zheng , Zhong Liangshu , Sun Yuhan
Published: May 2021

Atomically dispersed Ru atoms crowding on CeO2 was used for the chemoselective hydrogenation of nitrobenzene to azoxybenzene by molecular hydrogen, which presented more than 88% azoxybenzene selectivity with high stability.
The emergence of mass spectrometry for characterizing nanomaterials. Atomically precise nanoclusters and beyond
Authors: Comby-Zerbino Clothilde , Dagany Xavier , Chirot Fabien , Dugourd Philippe , Antoine Rodolphe
Published: May 2021

Mass spectrometry is widely used in molecular science, and is now emerging as a characterization technique for ultra-small nanoparticles.
Molecular modeling, density functional theory, ADME prediction and antimicrobial activity studies of 2-(substituted)oxazolo[4,5-b]pyridine derivatives
Authors: Celik Ismail , Erol Meryem , Kuyucuklu Gulcan
Published: May 2021

Molecular docking, molecular dynamics, DFT, ADME prediction, and antimicrobial activity studies of some 2-(substituted)oxazolo[4,5-b]pyridine derivatives were carried out.
Solid phase extraction based on trimethylsilyloxy silica aerogel
Authors: Prasanna V. Lakshmi , Gozlan Igal , Kaplan Aviv , Zachor-Movshovitz Daniel , Avisar Dror
Published: May 2021

Solid-phase extraction (SPE) based on trimethylsilyloxy-modified silica aerogel was developed for extraction of chemotherapeutic drugs from water.
Inhibition effect of ZrF4 on UO2 precipitation in the LiF–BeF2 molten salt
Authors: Peng Hao , Song Yulong , Ji Nan , Xie Leidong , Huang Wei , Gong Yu
Published: May 2021

This study provides an effective solution for controlling and monitoring the nuclear fuel precipitation (UO2) in molten fluorides, which is of great importance for the safe operation and fuel salt design of molten salt reactor (MSR).
TM4B180/− (TM = Hf, Ta, W, Re, Os): new structure construction with TM doped B wheel units
Authors: Wang Zhen , Du Qiuying , Park Sung Jin
Published: May 2021

The lowest energy structure of Ta4B18 shows a conflicting aromaticity and is assembled from four planar molecular Ta@B9 units.
Distinguishing chemically induced NADPH- and NADH-related metabolic responses using phasor analysis of UV-excited autofluorescence
Authors: Short Audrey H. , Al Aayedi Nazar , Gaire Madhu , Kreider Max , Wong Chong Kai , Urayama Paul
Published: May 2021

A phasor approach was used to show that chemically induced cellular autofluorescence responses linked to NADPH and NADH pathways can be distinguished.
Loading and relaxation dynamics of a red blood cell
Authors: Guglietta Fabio , Behr Marek , Falcucci Giacomo , Sbragaglia Mauro
Published: May 2021

We use mesoscale numerical simulations to investigate the loading and relaxation dynamics of a single red blood cell (RBC) subjected to three different kinds of mechanical loads.
Coalescence of oil drops and films on micropillared substrates enabled by enhanced water drainage through pillar gaps
Authors: Park Chan Jin , Ha Jonghyun , Lee Jae Hong , Kim Ho-Young
Published: May 2021

We find that an oil drop colliding with a micropillar array wetted by an oil film immediately coalesces with the film instead of bouncing off, owing to enhanced water drainage through the pillar gaps.
Monte Carlo simulations of weak polyampholyte microgels: pH-dependence of conformation and ionization
Authors: Hofzumahaus C. , Strauch C. , Schneider S.
Published: May 2021

Simulation study of the ionization and conformation of weak polyampholyte microgels comprising acidic and basic groups of varying strength.
Controllable atomic defect engineering in layered NixFe1−x(OH)2 nanosheets for electrochemical overall water splitting
Authors: Ge Jiajia , Zheng Jin You , Zhang Jiangwei , Jiang Suyu , Zhang Lili , Wan Hao , Wang Liming , Ma Wei , Zhou Zhen , Ma Renzhi
Published: May 2021

Defect-rich NixFe1−x(OH)2 nanosheets fabricated via an in situ oxidation process exhibit efficient overall water splitting under a small overpotential of ∼244 mV and a high solar-to-hydrogen conversion efficiency of ∼10.3%.
Lignocellulose-derived hydrogel/aerogel-based flexible quasi-solid-state supercapacitors with high-performance: a review
Authors: Gu Peng , Liu Wei , Hou Qingxi , Ni Yonghao
Published: May 2021

Recent advances in flexible quasi-solid-state supercapacitors derived from lignocellulose hydrogels/aerogels are systematically reviewed and further prospects are discussed.
The twinned Pd nanocatalyst exhibits sustainable NRR electrocatalytic performance by promoting the desorption of NH3
Authors: Cai Wenwen , Han Yi , Pan Yue , Zhang Xinyi , Xu Jixiang , Zhang Yanyun , Sun Yuyao , Li Shaoxiang , Lai Jianping , Wang Lei
Published: May 2021

The Pd icosahedron with a twin structure accelerates the desorption of NH3 and improves the utilization of active sites due to which it maintains continuous excellent catalytic activity.
Selective hydrogenation of acetylene to ethylene on anatase TiO2 through first-principles studies
Authors: Wan Qiang , Chen Yang , Zhou Shulan , Lin Jian , Lin Sen
Published: May 2021

Theoretical prediction with experimental verification reveals that anatase TiO2, conventionally recognized as an inert material, can exhibit promising catalytic performance towards selective hydrogenation of acetylene to ethylene after introducing oxygen vacancies.
Zwitterion-functionalized hollow mesoporous Prussian blue nanoparticles for targeted and synergetic chemo-photothermal treatment of acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Bai Huiyuan , Sun Quanhao , Kong Fei , Dong Haijiao , Ma Ming , Liu Fangzhou , Wang Chen , Xu Haiyan , Gu Ning , Zhang Yu
Published: May 2021

Illustration of HMPBs(DNR + AraC)@PEI-ZS-E5 for targeted and synergetic chemo-photothermal treatment of AML. The nanoplatform showed excellent photothermal effects, reduced protein adsorption and remarkable targeting/chemo/photothermal effects.
Designing aromatic N-cadherin mimetic short-peptide-based bioactive scaffolds for controlling cellular behaviour
Authors: Kaur Harsimran , Roy Sangita
Published: May 2021

N-Cadherin mimetic peptide derivatives for the fabrication of bioactive scaffolds are reported.
A biodegradable nano-photosensitizer with photoactivatable singlet oxygen generation for synergistic phototherapy
Authors: Shen Jiaxin , Chen Dandan , Liu Ye , Gao Guoyang , Liu Zhihe , Wang Guofeng , Wu Changfeng , Fang Xiaofeng
Published: May 2021

A kind of near-infrared light activatable and synergistic photodynamic nano-photosensitizer.
Synergistic UV and humidity response of flexible MoS2/Kapton heterointerfaces via photogenerated charge transfer
Authors: Peng Mingzeng , Zheng Xinhe , Shen Chengtao , He Yingfeng , Wei Huiyun , Qiu Peng , Song Yimeng , Tian Feng , Li Ye , Wei Shu , Wang Zixian
Published: May 2021

Synergistic effects between UV photosensing and humidity sensing.
Microstructure and colossal permittivity of CaTiO3 ceramics covered with nano-sized CuO and TiO2 by the hydrothermal method
Authors: Tan Junlang , Guo Yong , Zhao Jingchang
Published: May 2021

The influence of covering nano-sized TiO2 and CuO on the microstructure and permittivity of CaTiO3 ceramics was studied.
Circular RNAs as microRNA sponges: evidence and controversies
Authors: Jarlstad Olesen Morten T. , S. Kristensen Lasse
Published: May 2021

Gene expression in eukaryotic cells is a complex process encompassing several layers of regulation at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. At the post-transcriptional level, microRNAs (miRs) are key regulatory molecules that function by binding directly to mRNAs. This generally leads to less efficient translation of the target mRNAs. More recently, an additional layer of gene regulation has been discovered, as other molecules, including circular RNAs (circRNAs), may bind to miRs and thereby function as sponges or decoys resulting in increased expression of the corresponding miR target genes. The circRNAs constitute a large class of mainly non-coding RNAs, which have been extensively studied in recent years, in particular in the cancer research field where many circRNAs have been proposed to function as miR sponges. Here, we briefly describe miR-mediated gene regulation and the extra layer of regulation that is imposed by the circRNAs. We describe techniques and methodologies that are commonly used to investigate potential miR sponging properties of circRNAs and discuss major pitfalls and controversies within this relatively new research field.
Introduction to bioprinting of in vitro cancer models
Authors: Yi Hee-Gyeong
Published: May 2021

Cancer models are essential in cancer research and for new drug development pipelines. However, conventional cancer tissue models have failed to capture the human cancer physiology, thus hindering drug discovery. The major challenge is the establishment of physiologically relevant cancer models that reflect the complexity of the tumor microenvironment (TME). The TME is a highly complex milieu composed of diverse factors that are associated with cancer progression and metastasis, as well as with the development of cancer resistance to therapeutics. To emulate the TME, 3D bioprinting has emerged as a way to create engineered cancer tissue models. Bioprinted cancer tissue models have the potential to recapitulate cancer pathology and increased drug resistance in an organ-mimicking 3D environment. This review overviews the bioprinting technologies used for the engineering of cancer tissue models and provides a future perspective on bioprinting to further advance cancer research.
Production of proteins and commodity chemicals using engineered Bacillus subtilis platform strain
Authors: Zhang Quanwei , Wu Yaokang , Gong Mengyue , Zhang Hongzhi , Liu Yanfeng , Lv Xueqin , Li Jianghua , Du Guocheng , Liu Long
Published: May 2021

Currently, increasing demand of biochemicals produced from renewable resources has motivated researchers to seek microbial production strategies instead of traditional chemical methods. As a microbial platform, Bacillus subtilis possesses many advantages including the generally recognized safe status, clear metabolic networks, short growth cycle, mature genetic editing methods and efficient protein secretion systems. Engineered B. subtilis strains are being increasingly used in laboratory research and in industry for the production of valuable proteins and other chemicals. In this review, we first describe the recent advances of bioinformatics strategies during the research and applications of B. subtilis. Secondly, the applications of B. subtilis in enzymes and recombinant proteins production are summarized. Further, the recent progress in employing metabolic engineering and synthetic biology strategies in B. subtilis platform strain to produce commodity chemicals is systematically introduced and compared. Finally, the major limitations for the further development of B. subtilis platform strain and possible future directions for its research are also discussed.
Face hallucination based on cluster consistent dictionary learning
Authors: Li Minqi , He Xiangjian , Lam Kin‐Man , Zhang Kaibing , Jing Junfeng
Published: May 2021

Face hallucination is a super‐resolution technique specially designed to reconstruct high‐resolution faces from low‐resolution faces. Most state‐of‐the‐art algorithms leverage position‐patch prior knowledge of human faces to better super‐resolve face images. However, most of them assume the training face dataset is sufficiently large, well cropped or aligned. This paper, proposes a novel example‐based face hallucination method, based on cluster consistent dictionary learning with the assumption that human faces have similar facial structures. In this method, the paired face image patches are firstly labelled as face areas including eyes, nose, mouth and other parts, as well as non‐face areas without requiring the training face images cropped and aligned. Then, the training patches are clustered according their labels and textures. The cluster consistent dictionary is learned to represent the low‐resolution patches and the high‐resolution patches. Finally, the high‐resolution patches of the input low‐resolution face image can be efficiently generated by using the adjusted anchored neighbourhood regression. As utilizing the labelled facial parts prior knowledge, the proposed method represents more details in the reconstruction. Experimental results demonstrate that the authors' algorithm outperforms many state‐of‐the‐art techniques for face hallucination under different datasets.
A strategy for suppressing the torque ripple in three‐phase four‐switch inverter‐fed PMSM drives
Authors: Fang Wenjing , Wang Zhonghua , Wang Dongxue , Li Meng
Published: May 2021

This paper proposes a strategy to suppress the torque ripple based on three‐phase four‐switch (TPFS) inverter for the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drives system to ensure safe and reliable operation in case of single‐phase open circuit of the three‐phase six‐switch (TPSS) inverter. When a TPFS inverter fault‐tolerant topology is adopted, the voltage fluctuations of the DC‐split capacitors will cause the command voltages and currents to have a second harmonic components in addition to the effective DC components. This also results in the existence of second harmonics in the torque and speed, which causes the torque and speed to generate periodic ripple. Therefore, in order to solve this problem, this paper proposes a proportional‐integral quasi‐resonant (PIQR) control strategy for the current loop. By suppressing the second harmonics in the motor currents, the current waveform can be improved, and the ripple in the torque and speed can be well suppressed. The feasibility and effectiveness of the strategy are verified by simulation results.
Analysis of drainage canal defects and review of canal cleaner designs
Authors: Abdulmazhidov Khamzat
Published: May 2021

The drainage system elements, namely, the canals, lose their initial design characteristics over time. In general, the canals with unstable profiles are often in the reclamation construction. The problems of unstable profiles of the canals are, primarily, related to the physical and mechanical properties of soils, formation of internal mechanical, as well as chemical and biological processes occurring by the action of natural conditions. Maximum stability is characteristic for canals formed in cohesive organic soils, as well as in various kinds of peat with their thickness considerably exceeding the depth of the canal. With insignificant peat thickness above mineral soils, the stability of the drainage canal slopes will be rather insignificant. Wood peats are the most stable among organic soils. The canals laid in sapropelic soils characterized by the natural flow have rather low stability. That is why, the required stability in wet soils can be achieved by removing the excess moisture. The slopes of the canals made in various clays and loams with their large thickness considerably exceeding the depth of the canal have relatively high stability.
Development and research of metal-cladding additive to lubricants
Authors: Balabanov Victor
Published: May 2021

The article indicates that one of the directions of increasing the wear resistance of rubbing parts of machines and equipment, reducing friction losses and temperatures in the friction zone is the use of special metal-plating additives to lubricants. The Engineering Center of the Timiryazev Academy has developed an experimental metal-cladding additive under the code name “MP-21” based on a mixture of fatty acids (oleic, stearic, linoleic) and plastic metal salts of the same fatty acids. The tribotechnical properties of lubricating compositions with various additives in recommended concentrations were investigated on a modernized Timken-mashine friction machine in a steady state using samples from real rolling bearing assemblies. It has been established that the developed metal-cladding additive “MP-21”, along with the additive Renom Engine, provides maximum antiwear properties and allows to reduce the wear of rubbing samples in comparison with other investigated additives from 30% to several.
Synergy of a complex of complex technologies of the future agro-industrial complex
Authors: Bakin Igor , Panfilov Viktor , Popov Anatoliy
Published: May 2021

Considering a synergistic approach to the development of complex technologies for the production of the agro-industrial complex is considered. An analysis of the prospects for the unification of manufacturing and processing industries is given. The features of the structure of simple, small, large and complex technological systems are described. The influence of the stages of digitalization in the new synergetic picture of the agricultural complex is revealed. To effectively use the existing capacities of agrarian and food technologies and predict their further development, a qualitative change in the state of the entire complex system of the complex is considered, to identify control parameters and the least stable modes. The development of technological processes is considered taking into account the synergistic effects of interaction. Bifurcation transitions on the way of obtaining products and system-forming factors of the organization of complex technological production systems are described. The influence of internal and external relations on the structure of small and large systems of processing and food industries is analyzed.
The efficiency of using different fertilization systems in dryland and irrigated crop rotations on ordinary carbonate chernozems of the Central Ciscaucasia
Authors: Bizhoeva Tamara , Bizhoev Ruslan , Sarbasheva Asiyat , Batyrova Olga , Kushkhabiev Aslanbek
Published: May 2021

The search for the rational use of fertile irrigated land in the steppe zone of Central Ciscaucasia and the determination of factors for the sustainable production of crop products, provided that soil fertility is maintained, remained as valid today as ever. The relevance of research is also increasing due to changes in climatic characteristics in specific agro-landscape conditions, including, an increase in average daily and annual air temperatures by 2 - 50С. The novelty of research is the establishment of the most efficient fertilization systems in dryland and irrigated conditions to increase winter wheat yields, to increase the productivity of 1 ha of crop area, as well as to maintain and reproduce soil fertility and to increase the productivity of irrigated crop rotation. The article contains the research results on the use of different fertilization systems and their influence on winter wheat yields and crop rotation productivity in dryland and irrigated agriculture on ordinary carbonate chernozems in specific agro-landscape, soil and climatic characteristics of the Central Ciscaucasia.
Integrated protection system against progressive corn diseases
Authors: Shabatukov Anzor , Khromova Liudmila
Published: May 2021

A biologized system of integrated protection against pathogens in corn crops is an important feature to reduce pesticide load. The use of new generation chemical fungicides with a low consumption rate and a wide spectrum of action against dominant infections, as well as their manufacturing application, will contribute to the improvement of corn agrocenosis. Due to the predicted, and subsequently planned yield, the phytosanitary situation will help in the development and implementation of effective protective measures to obtain biologically cleaner production of corn grain. Seed disinfection only solves the problem of seed infection. The appearance and harmfulness of boil smut also occurs during the growing season. Therefore, the transmission of primary infection occurs by plant residues and airborne droplets, which suggests the possibility of a systemic fungicide response to effectively contain not only the causative agent of boil smut, but also other types of infectious diseases on vegetative and reproductive bodies of corn. Investigations carried out in 2018-2020 to reduce the harmfulness of blister smut and fusarium head smut showed that seed infections are caused by a pronounced prevalence of diseases of roots, stalks and ears, such as fusarium, boil smut, alternaria, bacterial leaf burn, etc. The resistance degree of cross-breeds to dominant diseases depends on the infection terms, weather and climatic conditions and which corn body is more susceptible to these pathogens. Considering the possibility of infection penetration during the post-emergent period of corn development it is required to use system fungicides with a low consumption rate and prolonged action. In the Kabardino Balkarian Republic, the dominant corn disease is boil smut. It is known that the harmfulness of boil smut is higher with cob forms than with stem, leaf forms of infection, but in 2020 only the cob form of the disease was recorded, the dry and hot weather was the reason for this. In the steppe zone of the Kabardino Balkarian Republic, it is more expedient to use effective fungicides in the developed complex protection of corn crops against progressive harmful bodies.
Investigation of coking diesel injector spray nozzles in operation
Authors: Apazhev Aslan , Shekikhachev Yuri , Batyrov Vladimir , Shekikhacheva Lyudmila , Bolotokov Anzor
Published: May 2021

One of the significant problems in ensuring the reliable operation of the nozzles is the intensive coking of the injector spray nozzle ports. Based on the assumption that all fuel left by injection under the needle burns, some researchers believe that the reason for coking is insufficiently emptying of this volume. There is also a well-known opinion about the impact of atomization quality at the final phase of injection. The lack of consensus and conflicting recommendations on the issue make the research relevant. A set of investigations has been carried out at OJSC “TsNITA” to study the influence of various factors, including design factors of the fuel system, on the coking of injector spray nozzle ports. This article describes the investigation results carried out on the basis of test materials for 24 variants of fuel systems on the D-240 engine, the analysis of varying parameters for the injection final phase is carried out depending on the combination of design factors and the relationship of coking of the injector spray nozzle ports with the final phase parameters is shown.
Determination of critical stresses during prestressing along the entire length of a circular-cylindrical shell
Authors: Chapaev Takhir , Noraliev Nurilla
Published: May 2021

In the Russian Federation, there is an urgent issue of grain storage and processing to be resolved through the reconstruction of old and construction of new storage facilities. Currently, the most common construction is represented by steel granaries, erected by rolling using prestressing in shells. The relevance of the problem of stability of the wall of a granary, taking into account the main factors, affecting the strength, requires further theoretical and experimental study. One of the most frequently used in solving stability problems is the energy criterion in the form of Ritz-Timoshenko, which makes it possible to determine critical stresses in the shells. In this case, the problem solution becomes simpler, it is easier to consider the effect of such factors as initial perfection, friction forces between the shell and the winding, as well as other features of the stability problem of a prestressed shell. This article analyses the granary wall stability against lateral external pressure of prestressed winding or bandages. For large tanks, prestressing is generated along the entire length of the shell, and in vertical cylindrical granaries, prestressing is generated on a part of the length (height) of the shell.
Probability-theoretical approach to the accuracy of the component assembly of multilink mechanisms
Authors: Shekikhachev Yuri , Batyrov Vladimir , Shekikhacheva Lyudmila , Balkarov Ruslan , Noraliev Nurilla
Published: May 2021

The technological process, ensuring the accuracy of mechanism assembly is formally a sequential summation of primary manufacturing errors and an analysis of obtained, generalized values to develop and implement specific technological methods to meet process requirements for the accuracy of the relative position of parts. To ensure the accuracy of crank mechanisms for misalignment of piston and cylinder axes, assembled from specific, randomly received component parts, production personnel deal with strictly defined crankshafts, connecting rods, pistons, cylinder blocks, and, consequently, with one or another manufacturing errors. To ensure the accuracy of these parts assembly in a mathematical sense, with such a sequence, will represent nothing more than an algebraic summation of primary errors and compilation of their numerical values with the maximum permissible values. A different situation arises in the implementation of assembly technological processes with automatic achievement of accuracy parameters by varying individual parts from their total number. As in this case fairly representative aggregates are analyzed, the final result of combining parts into assemblies will occur with a greater or lesser probability, especially when the sum of the maximum deviations of constituent links (parts) is not equal and not less than the maximum permissible total values.
Tomato productivity depending on mineral nutrition and irrigation regimes in the conditions of film greenhouses in the mountain zone of the KBR
Authors: Shibzukhov Zalim-Geri , Bagov Artur , Shibzukhova Zalina , Khantsev Martin , Akbar Ilakhun
Published: May 2021

The limited irrigation areas in the KBR, as well as the lack of a clear technology for the cultivation of this crop in film greenhouses using irrigation regimes and mineral fertilizers strongly affect the development and production of early tomatoes. In this regard, our research was devoted to the cultivation of tomatoes under irrigation conditions with the selection of the optimum doses of mineral fertilizers in spring film greenhouses. In the KBR settlements, vegetable crops are mainly grown in film greenhouses, which have numerous advantages over block greenhouses, mainly due to the cheapness of production several times over. Tomato seedlings were planted on April 10. Analysis of the data showed that the duration of the growing season increases on variants with optimum water and nutrient regimes of the soil, which led to higher quality products. This created favorable conditions for greater productivity of tomato fruits. Studies showed that the number of fruits and their weight on one plant were maximum according to the variants of the experiment on soil moisture content of 80% of normal moisture. The maximum value was obtained with a dose of mineral nutrition N190P160K120.
The calculation basis for a four-component jet mixer for fertilizer and water
Authors: Tarasyants Sergey Andreyevich , Rudakov Vladimir Alexandrovich , Urzhumova Yulia Sergeyevna , Degtiareva Karina Alexandrovna
Published: May 2021

This article covers calculation basis for a four-component jet mixer for fertilizer and water. The calculation for a four-component jet mixer for fertilizer consists in determining the basic geometric and hydrau-lic parameters of a four-component jet mixer for fertilizer and water and supplying the mixture to irrigated areas, with fertilizing irrigation, which will allow supplying all types of fertilizers and changing the concentration of mixture in the required proportions. All geometric relative parameters are calculated on the basis of the need to scale the mixer dimensions and are taken as the ratio of the diameters of the mixer elements to the cylindri-cal part of the mixing chamber. The above calculation bases determine the main parameter of the mixer necessary for determining all the elements – the cross-sectional area of the annular nozzle. It was founded that when calculating the geometric characteristic, you should be guided by the desire to accept the value of the geometric characteristic m=2.5 ÷ 8.0, corre-sponding to the maximum value of the efficiency up to 40% and higher.
Study of the efficiency of drying grass seeds for forage crops on a rotary dryer
Authors: Smelik V.A. , Perekopskiy A.N. , Dobrinov A.V. , Chugunov S.V.
Published: May 2021

In many countries of the world with high climate humidity, grass seeds after their harvesting cannot be preserved without artificial drying. The artificial drying process is associated with high energy costs, and its regimes should not reduce the sowing quality of seeds. Therefore, it is of particular importance to determine the most suitable drying regimes for seeds. For this purpose, for the conditions of seed farms in the North-West of the Russian Federation, experimental studies were performed to obtain information on the parameters and modes of drying seeds of perennial grasses for their various initial states and conditions. Experimental studies were performed on a rotary dryer during the drying of meadow fescue seeds. The experimental data were analyzed in Microsoft Excel 2010 using the methods of mathematical statistics. The obtained mathematical dependencies made it possible to establish that the effective modes of drying the seeds of the studied culture are provided during their layer-by-layer unloading from the drying chamber. Moreover, the lower layer of seeds should be unloaded every 2.5 hours of drying, while adding to the upper layer of the drying chamber a new volume of seeds equal to the unloaded one.
Influence of crops of the cover crop when forming the ridge surface of landings of potatoes to dynamics of parameters of the soil state
Authors: Ustroyev A. A. , Murzaev E. A.
Published: May 2021

The main factors limiting the yield and quality of potatoes are the geometric parameters of the ridge, as well as the parameters of the soil state (moisture, hardness and temperature). In this regard, the task of maintaining the optimal values of these parameters during the potato growing season is urgent. For this, it is proposed, after planting potatoes, simultaneously with the formation of ridges, to sow a cover crop (yellow mustard) on them, followed by its destruction. The purpose of this research is to study the effect of sowing cover crops during the formation of the ridge surface of potato plantings on the dynamics of soil state parameters and potato yield. As a result of the studies, it was found that the use of a new technological method ensures a decrease in the effect of erosion processes on the ridge and the preservation of its geometric parameters, which makes it possible to exclude two inter-row cultivation of potatoes, as well as stabilize the daily soil temperature in the ridge by 2-5 ° C and retain moisture by 5 - 10%, which allows to increase the yield of potatoes by 11%.
Immunogenetic status and breeding value of Holstein cows
Authors: Kaishev Vladimir , Zhilyaev Anzor , Kudaev Tamirlan , Tleinsheva Madina , Taov Ibragim
Published: May 2021

In the genealogical structure of the breeding stock, the highest specific weight is occupied by the Reflection Sovering and Vis bek Aydiala lines, accounting for 56.8 and 39.9% of animals, respectively. The study results of Holstein cattle blood-group factors can be used to monitor its gene pool, genetic intrabreed differentiation, assess selection parameters, and conduct targeted selection of parental pairs. It was determined that in EAA blood group system in Holstein cows of reproduction from the USA, the frequency of A1 antigen is 58.7%, and in domestic reproduction animals, this antigen is found with a lower frequency of 50.7%. At the same time, in the specified system of blood groups in both groups of experimental animals, antigen “a” is characterized by the highest frequency, the lowest occurrence is A2 antigen, and animals with A1 antigen took an intermediate position. In EAB system, the US Holstein cows have a higher frequency of such antigens as Е3/, О3 и I1 compared to the reproductive animals of Agro-Soyuz LLC. The EAF blood group system is represented by two antigens, where F antigen frequency in both groups of experimental animals is 100%. Of all the blood group systems, the greatest differences between compared groups of animals were detected for the antigens of EAZ blood group system.
Effect of antioxidant and adsorbent on broiler meat production and consumer qualities
Authors: Ktsoeva Irina , Abdulkhalikov Rustam , Temiraev Rustem , Savkhalova Svetlana
Published: May 2021

To reduce the risk of aflatoxicosis, antioxidants have proven to be effective feed additives in combination with adsorbents as excellent inhibitors of intoxication processes in the poultry body. The study purpose was to determine the effect of Tox-O adsorbent in combination with Oxy-Nil antioxidant drug on the broiler meat production and quality and reduce the risk of aflatoxicosis. It was demonstrated that to optimize meat production in the diets of farmed poultry with a tolerant amount of B1 aflatoxin, it is necessary to introduce Oxy-Nil antioxidant in the amount of 600 g/t and Tox-O adsorbent in the amount of 750 g/t of feed. Due to synergistic effect of these drugs, the nutritional value of poultry meat was optimized, which was expressed in control group comparison in the enrichment of pectoral muscle samples with dry matter and protein. When feeding tested drugs in pectoral muscle samples of chickens of experimental group III, the value of meat biological usefulness was improved.
Results of using different breed studs in commercial fine wool sheep breeding
Authors: Aboneev Vasily , Aboneev Dmitry , Aboneeva Ekaterina , Kazanchev Safarbi , Baimukanov Dastanbek
Published: May 2021

This work presents the material of research and production experiments on the crossing of stud rams of the North Caucasian meat and wool breed and Australian meat merino with fine wool ewes of a commercial herd. It is identified that the use of North Caucasian rams on fine wool ewes serves to increase the fertilizing ability and milk production of the breeding stock, to increase viability and resistance of young animals, as confirmed by the best morphometrical differences of crossbred offspring placentas. Crossbred offspring from semi-fine wool rams had a large live weight at birth at 21 days and at 4 months of age. The use of Australian producers did not have a significant effect on the above indicators of economically useful traits in comparison with purebred breeding.
Improving the efficiency of corporate management of agricultural enterprises
Authors: Yekimov Sergey , Purtov Vladimir , Buriak Ievgen , Kabachenko Dmytro , Poltorak Anastasiia
Published: May 2021

Financial indicators play an important role in the management of an agricultural enterprise. the tasks of the management of the agricultural enterprise are to control the efficiency of employees and maintain the financial stability of the enterprise. In this paper, the problem of ensuring effective management of an agricultural enterprise was investigated. The activity of an agricultural enterprise depends on the influence of external factors: political and legal, technical and economic, ecological and economic, demographic, socio-cultural. We studied the question of how to take into account the influence of variable external factors in the management of an agricultural enterprise. Traditional methods based on financial analysis data, in our opinion, do not fully reflect the situation in the agricultural enterprise. International management accounting standards are optional, but they allow for the use of more flexible indicators in management accounting that take into account the activities of a particular agricultural enterprise. This will facilitate short - and medium-term planning at the agricultural enterprise and facilitate the achievement of the enterprise’s tactical and strategic goals.
Breeding of comb-wheatgrass (Agropyron pectiniforme Roem. et Schult.) for arid conditions of the steppe zone
Authors: Saprykin S. V. , Zolotarev V. N , Ivanov I. S.
Published: May 2021

In the context of the progressive trend of climate aridization of the main agricultural regions in the forest-steppe and steppe zones, the problem of increasing and stabilizing the high productivity of forage crops is becoming more acute. Perennial grasses are the most affordable and stable source of cheap plant feed, and a means of preserving soil fertility during intensive farming, which has an anthropogenic negative impact on agricultural ecosystems. Perennial grasses play a special role as a biological means of counteracting the degradation of biological, water and physical and agrochemical properties of soils, the processes of their dehumidification and erosion. In arid climatic conditions, the most effective species of perennial bluegrass grasses is the comb-wheatgrass or broad-spiked wheatgrass (Agropyron pectiniforme Roem. et Schult.). This crop is resistant to extremely stressful conditions for cultivation in arid conditions, high production potential for the production of various types of voluminous feed. The limiting factor for the effective economic use of the comb-wheatgrass is the insufficient number of zoned varieties. At the Voronezh Experimental Station for perennial grasses, active breeding work is underway to develop new varieties of comb-wheatgrass. The results of the assessment of the source material in the collection nursery are presented. The best specimens for the creation of complex hybrid populations for the formation of the polycross nursery have been identified.
Diagnosis of human-induced degradation of soils of the Azov-Cuban lowland
Authors: Vlasenko V.P. , Osipov A.V. , Slyusarev V.N.
Published: May 2021

The work presents the observational data of soil cover structure dynamics, changes in soil composition and properties under the influence of anthropogenic impact. A decrease of 6.0-7.4% in the share of black soils (Chernozem) over 50 years of observations and a corresponding increase in the area of waterlogged soils associated with closed depressions have been revealed. Due to the high dynamism of soil density with changes in its moisture content, a criterion has been sought to characterize this dependence and a method has been proposed to describe it using dynamic curves. The amplitude of density fluctuations and its dependence on the severity of anthropogenic degradation – 59 -78% – has been established. Correlation analysis confirmed a medium strength relationship (determination coefficient 0.39-0.42) between shrinkage and specific surface area of initial degradation soils and a strong relationship (determination coefficient 0.79-0.86) in meadow-chernozem compacted soils. A strong correlation has been found between the volumetric shrinkage and fines content in the size distribution (determination coefficient 0.84-0.96). A new diagnostic criterion (“T” criterion) for the intensity of hydrometamorphism and, in general, for the physical aspect of anthropogenic soil degradation has been proposed.
Methodological approaches to the analysis of the functioning of agricultural ecosystems in the context of anthropogenic environmental changes
Authors: Khalishkhova Laura , Temrokova Anzhela , Guchapsheva Inga , Bagova Oksana , Marzhokhova Madina
Published: May 2021

The study provides methodological approaches to the analysis of the functioning of agricultural ecosystems in the context of anthropogenic environmental changes, based on the assessment of rationalization and efficient use of natural capital through energy consumption for the production of final products, and describes the agricultural ecosystem operating on the principles of market economy. A set of general methodological principles for analyzing the functioning of an agricultural ecosystem has been proposed. An algorithm for achieving optimal ecological and economic parameters of the functioning of the components of the agricultural ecosystem is presented, including a set of step-by-step actions, as well as multi-functional dependences of the reproductive capabilities of the main components of the agricultural ecosystem. A complex of ecological and economic parameters of the reproductive process of the agricultural ecosystem, used for its optimization, has been developed. The interpretation of terms and concepts, generalized in the course of the research within the framework of the presented approach, is carried out. A new principle of agricultural ecosystem organization is highlighted, considering it as a social, ecological and economic system.
Yield efficiency for apple trees depending on intensive orchard systems in the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic
Authors: Rasulov Abdulabek , Beslaneev Beslan , Kalmykov Muchazir , Ishnazarov Akrom
Published: May 2021

The study investigated effects of intensive orchard density of different apple cultivars on the yield on the M9 and NK stocks, in comparison with planting on the MM106 stock with the same spindle-shaped crown pruning in the foothills of the KBR. In the first 3 variants, the orchard is on espalier and on drip irrigation, in the 4th and 5th variants - without espalier, irrigated along the furrows. With a non-spaller system and without drip irrigation, the average yield of the Idared, Golden Delicious, Prikubanskoye varieties was 35-37 t/ha, and in the espalier orchid on a M9 dwarf rootstock and on drip irrigation with a planting density of 3170 trees/ha the average yield of the Golden Bee, Granny Smith and Gala varieties was at around 40-43 t/ha. With a superdense planting of Jonagold and Golden Bee trees varieties (6660 trees/ha), the average yield was 66.2-68.7 t/ha. The production of a high-density orchard of the Red Delicious Sandidge variety planted in 2012 with a planting scheme 3,5×0,5 m (5700 trees/ha) was 30 t/ha in the 3rd year, 50 t/ha in the 4th year, and 55 t/ha in the 5th year.
Environmental investment as a tool for ensuring economic security of business entities: accounting aspects
Authors: Popov Alexey
Published: May 2021

The paper is devoted to the issues of companies’ investing environmental assets to ensure their economic security. The role of environmental investments in strengthening the potential of an economic entity is justified, which has a positive impact on the environmental security of regions and the state as a whole. The necessity of analyzing a group of environmental indicators of economic security of an economic entity is formulated. The author considers features and methods of evaluating the effectiveness of environmental investment projects and analyzes the system of legal regulation of forming accounting information used to evaluate the above effectiveness. The classification of environmental objects is given, their structure, principles of formation, recognition and evaluation being considered. The author summarizes promising areas of improving economic science in order to form more representative data to make well-grounded investment decisions, which will have a positive impact on the performance of economic entities, investment strategy and ensure sustainable development.
Digitalization of crop production as a factor in strengthening the economic security of the region
Authors: Pestryakov Alexey , Sbrodova Nadezhda , Titovets Alisa
Published: May 2021

Digitalization determines the development of all processes in the economic and public areas, including the issue of strengthening economic security. The article discusses the problem of digitalization of one of the types of economic activity of the region. The relationship between the development of agriculture and economic security of the region is presented. The authors identify the degree of damage and threshold values in the estimation of the economic security of the region and approbate the original method in the Sverdlovsk region. The article discusses the aspects of the existing level of economic security of the Sverdlovsk region and identifies the problems. The paper provides recommendations for solving these problems and makes calculations of benefits from the introduction of certain Russian digital technologies into operation.
Rethinking the residential urban environment in Iraq - literature review
Authors: Hanoon Al-Shaibani Alaa Abdali , Dhumad Dhumad Kadhim Faris
Published: May 2021

Is a new study to understand the residential architectural environment in Iraq through survey of a series of international, regional and local research and studies related to the residential architectural environment (1991-2019), which approximates 20 studies. the general problem the absence of a clear theoretical scenario that describes the architectural residential environment for the circumstances experienced by the Iraq now. Therefore, the aim of study to give an accurate description and definition of vocabulary and concepts through Theoretical conception to achieve a broader understanding of the residential architectural environment in Iraq (definition of the residential living environment, Housing satisfaction standards and description of the problem of informal housing). This is done by introduction of a three-stage model research, and classification of three items (Housing Satisfaction, Urban Context, Architectural Formation).The results of this study are a set of factors are related to spatial objective reasons for different architectural residential environments are similar the Iraq circumstances. and the research put its observations in a table divided into three axes, to archived aim.