bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Working Memory and Language Aptitude in Relation to the Retention of New Vocabulary Items among Iranian ELF Learners
Authors: Karimzadeh Rezvaneh , Sabeki Farzad
Published: September 2023

Language aptitude studies have recently been noticed to develop into a modern interdisciplinary research topic with a great enthusiasm related to educational psychology, second language learning, and cognitive neuroscience, especially with regard to working memory. Moreover, because in the process of teaching and learning, lexical knowledge has a leading role which may be touched by the differences that are observed in the degree of the working memory and the learner’s aptitude. This study was organized to explore the significance of the difference between the working memory and language aptitude among Iranian foreign language learners in relation to the retention of new vocabulary items. For this end, 47 Iranian EFL learners studying at grade nine were randomly chosen from different high schools in different districts in Saravan, Iran. In this study, a LLAMA test was applied to measure the participant’s language aptitude, an N-back test to measure working memory and Vocabulary Knowledge Scale for measuring knowledge of vocabulary. Mann-Whitney U test was used to answer the research questions since the assumptions of parametric tests did not met. The results revealed that learners who had a higher working memory and higher language aptitude had similarly better performances in the retention of new vocabulary items. The present investigation offers some speculative and performative visions for not only teachers, but also researchers mainly involved in the studies of language and mind.
Analisis Manajemen Pendidikan di SMA 63 Jakarta
Authors: Shabilla Achmad Putri , Nurqodrillah Ade , Ritonga Matnur
Published: September 2023

This study aims to describe the management in an educational institution, especially at SMA Negeri 63 Jakarta.  This study uses a qualitative approach with descriptive analysis methods namely, describing, explaining, and disclosing the results of education management research that apply to secondary education at the national level at SMAN 63 Jakarta so that this research can be clearly described. The results of this study are that management has an important role in all components of education, so that the stakeholders try to optimize all components of education in accordance with the educational standards set in Indonesia.  Starting from the curriculum, educational staff, students, teachers, financing, administration, public relations and facilities and infrastructure, all efforts are made to be able to uphold success in achieving educational goals effectively and efficiently through proper management or supervision.  Even though there are several obstacles in its application, both teachers and students need to adapt to the education system which changes and continues to grow.
Career Engagement Scale: Examination of Turkish Psychometric Properties
Authors: YAM Faruk Caner
Published: September 2023

The aim of this study is to adapt Career Engagement Scale (CES) developed by Hirschi, Freund, and Herrmann (2013) into Turkish. The data of the study were collected from 500 (64.7% female) university students. First of all, exploratory factor analysis was performed, and, unlike the original form, a two-factor structure with an eigenvalue greater than 1 and explaining 63.58% of the total variance was obtained. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed to examine the validity of the two-factor structure obtained in Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA). The model fit indices (x2 = 73.924, df = 25 x2/df =2.95, p < .001; GFI = .97, AFGI = .97 CFI = .98, RMR = .038; TLI = .95, IFI = .98, NFI = .97 and RMSEA = .063 %90 [.046-.079]) obtained as a result of the analysis reveal that the two-factor structure of the measurement tool was confirmed on Turkish samples. The internal consistency coefficients of CES were calculated as .88 for the whole scale, .84 for the proactive career planning dimension, and .83 for the career proactive skill development dimension. To examine the similar scale validity of CES, the correlation coefficient between the Vocational Outcome Expectations Scale (VOES), the Career Decision Regret Scale (CDRS), and the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) was calculated. As a result of the analysis performed, a significant positive correlation was found between CES and VOES (r = .55; p < .01) and SWLS (r =.41, p < .01). However, a significant negative correlation was found between CES and CDRS (r = -.22; p < .05). All these results show that the two-factor structure of CES has been validated on a Turkish sample and it is a valid and reliable scale
Studies about Individual Life Structure: A Meta-Synthesis Study
Authors: AKTU Yahya
Published: September 2023

Adulthood period, which forms the most satisfying and wearing years of life psychologically, has been defined by many theorists. One of these theorists is Levinson, who developed the theory of Life Structure. There is a need for investigating the studies about life structure in a developmental process from a holistic and systematic point of view in order to learn what the studies about life structure enhance in adult individuals’ life. In this regard, the purpose of this study is to investigate how adult people’s life structures are shaped in the transition periods and the factors that affect their career developments in the qualitative studies about life structure. This study that is qualitative in nature is based on meta-synthesis approach. The data used in the study were composed of 12 qualitative studies selected using criterion sampling method. Based on the research in academic databases, the data were subjected to thematic content analysis methods in order to obtain common themes from the findings of the primary qualitative studies. The results of this study revealed four sub-themes and eight categories related to the themes of transition periods and career development.Results of the studies indicated that adult people experienced changes in their sense of self and life goals in a transition period they were in. Adult people who are in a transition period are determined to give a special place to their hobbies while they are shaping their life structures. Finally, factors affecting success in adult individuals’ career development were found to be mainly intrinsic motivation and a mentor.
Pre-service Teachers' Interaction Tool Preferences in Blended Learning and Their Views on Google Classroom
Authors: BAĞRIACIK YILMAZ Ayşe
Published: September 2023

Purpose: This study aims to determine the opinions of pre-service teachers who receive education through blended learning regarding Google Classroom support and their interaction preferences in blended learning environments. Methodology: The research was conducted using a case study design, one of the qualitative research designs. Data were collected from 11 pre-service teachers who participated in a teaching practice course, utilizing a semi-structured interview form. The collected data were coded and categorized using descriptive and content analysis methods. Findings: The study found that students primarily utilized Google Classroom for assignments and interactions with instructors, other students, and course content. Students emphasized their need for interaction with the instructor as the most significant aspect of blended learning, followed by content interaction and interaction with other students. Pre-service teachers' views towards Google Classroom were positive. Their opinions were categorized under the categories of contribution to self-regulation, an interactive assignment system, ease of use, and student-student interaction. Highlights: Google Classroom can be used as a support for LMSs. When it is used with activities that will attract students' interest, it may be possible to increase students' satisfaction. Students were very satisfied with the detailed and quick feedback on their assignments. Another prominent feature of Google Classroom is that the documents are systematically organized and always accessible. One may suggest that LMSs that do not have these features should take precautions at this point. All of the students plan to use Google Classroom in their professional life.
Single Immediate Implant Placement with Provisional Crown in the Esthetic Zone with 6 Years Follow-Up
Authors: Maalouf Elie , Nakhoul Eliano , Abillamaa Fady , Aoun Georges
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Immediate implant placement (IIP) has become an attractive treatment for many patients. It reduces time and the number of appointments and protects soft and hard tissue, which, in many circumstances, leads to a better esthetic outcome. IIP with provisionalization (IIPP) may contribute to a more promising result due to the guidance of soft tissue and the preservation of the hard tissue. Indications for IIPP are quite strict, and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) is a must for case selection. Objective: This case report will demonstrate how IIP with immediate provisionalization can result in a high esthetic outcome and no discomfort for the patient. Case presentation: A 50-year-old female presented for implant placement following the extraction of a superior central incisor due to a vertical fracture. IIPP has been used. Conclusion: IIPP can accomplish a stable esthetic result in the case of ideal three-dimensional implant positioning, a well-polished provisional restoration with an S-shaped buccal emergence profile, and by respecting the mesial and distal embrasure spaces for papilla maturity.
A comparative study of novel inflammatory markers (High sensitivity C-reactive protein and Lipoprotein A) and LDL/HDL cholesterol ratio in acute coronary syndrome at tertiary care center in Central India
Authors: Mehra Rupanshu , Jain Lalit
Published: September 2023

In India, cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the leading causes of death. All subjects are not accurately predicted for risk of CVD by traditional risk factors. To improve the present risk prediction model, a search of novel biomarkers is required to recognize the risk of cardiovascular events. Novel biomarkers involved in inflammation cascade and developing atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease are of utmost importance. The objectives were to study high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), lipoprotein A and LDL/HDL cholesterol ratio in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and its association with ACS severity. Eighty patients (aged 18-70 years of either sex) with ACS (diagnosed based on clinical history, clinical examination, electrocardiogram changes, and creatine phosphokinase-MB) were studied at a tertiary care hospital from 2017 to 2020. High sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), lipoprotein A, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) were estimated and the association was obtained. Incidence of ACS was seen highest in 56-65 years (28.75%) with males contributing 85% patients. The most common diagnosis was ST-elevation myocardial infarction (78.75%). The hs-CRP levels and lipoprotein A were increased in 49 and 44 patients out of 80, respectively. Patients with high hs-CRP (n=43 of 48; p<0.0001) and lipoprotein A (n=32 out of 48; p=0.026) at admission were prone for going into complications. High sensitivity-CRP and lipoprotein A levels obtained at admission in ACS patients can be used to identify patients who are likely to develop significant complications in the immediate in-hospital course and predict the prognosis.
NUCLEAR REACTION CROSS-SECTION EVALUATION OF NEUTRON-INDUCED REACTIONS IN SOME COMMON REACTOR FUEL ISOTOPES OF SOME ELEMENTS AT ENERGY RANGE OF 13.6-15.2 MeV
Authors: MSHELMBULA ISHAKU , J Bamikole
Published: September 2023

As part of the effort to enrich the nuclear data library and combat the challenge of the scarcity of data, EXIFON 2.0 code has been used to evaluate the (n, p) of 54,56Fe, 55Mn, 58,60Ni, 27Al, 50Cr, and 239Pu. Results of the evaluated excitation functions obtained with the EXIFON code were compared with the ENDF data retrieved from IAEA Nuclear Data section of the ENDF data library. Some of the evaluated excitation functions agreed well with the ENDF data, while some show some degree of variance. The good agreement was obtained for nuclides with EVEN-EVEN nuclei. The overall percentage deviation of total cross section from ENDF values obtained is less than 1% for, 50Cr, 56,54Fe, 55Mn, 60Ni, 27Al and 239Pu except for 58Ni which is 4% while this work records an overall average percentage deviation of 0.5% . However, the results show good agreement with available retrieved data and hence can be used where data is scarce or grossly inadequate.
Analysis of the epidemiology, coexisting skin diseases, and variables affecting seborrheic dermatitis severity
Authors: Etgu Fatma
Published: September 2023

Seborrheic dermatitis (SD) is a common chronic skin disease that has a repeating future. SD affects between 1 and 3% of adults with normal immunity. Recent studies have shown that many cutaneous diseases, including SD, are associated with other skin conditions. In this current study, we aimed to assess the epidemiology, comorbid skin diseases accompanying the SD, and factors affecting the severity of the SD. This was a prospective study conducted in dermatology departments between January 2020 and December 2020. The baseline demographic data was recorded. Disease severity was assessed according to the Seborrheic Dermatitis Area and Severity Index (SDASI) scoring system. In this study, 211 patients with SD (92 men and 119 women) were included. The mean age of the patients was 32.51±15.31 years (range: 11–82). The mean disease duration was 38.59 months (range: 1–720 months). Emotional distress was the most common trigger, followed by seasons. The scalp, eyebrows, ears, nasolabial region, forehead, intermammary, postauricular area, and back were the body parts most frequently afflicted. 43 out of 211 patients had concomitant systemic diseases, and 64.5% of the patients had concomitant skin diseases. Also, almost half of the patients applied in the winter. The mean SDASI was 2.92±1.2 (range 0.3–8.1). In this study, SD was more commonly reported in females and the winter. Disease severity was higher in smokers and patients who applied in the summer. The severity of SD was unaffected by concomitant skin disease, gender, age, educational level, working status, skin type, alcohol consumption status, presence of trigger factors, comorbid skin and systemic diseases, and family history of SD or skin diseases. To improve the quality of life for SD patients, factors impacting disease severity should be carefully managed.
Applications to Elazig Mental Hospital Emergency Department in 2021 years
Authors: Kilic Nulufer
Published: September 2023

In the present study, the purpose was to analyze the applications made to the emergency department of a mental disease hospital in eastern Turkey. The applications to the mental health and diseases hospital emergency department between 01.01.2021 and 01.01.2022 were examined in the study. The demographic data and psychiatric diagnoses of the patients were recorded. The data of 3712 people who applied to the emergency department of the hospital were analyzed. A total of 37.98% of these patients were hospitalized. Men constituted the majority both in all applications and in patients who were hospitalized for observation and treatment. The most frequent application to the emergency department of the hospital was the patients brought by law enforcement officers with a rate of 26.64%. In patients who were hospitalized, schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders were in first place with a rate of 30.35%, bipolar disorder and mood disorders were in second place with a rate of 29.29%, and a general psychiatric examination diagnosis was in third place with a rate of 11.91%. To know the demographic characteristics and clinical diagnoses of people who apply to psychiatric emergency departments in search of help is very important for mental health service planning and development. Larger studies with larger sample groups are needed to generalize and interpret the findings obtained in the present study.
Prognostic role of C-reactive protein/albumin ratio on cardiovascular mortality in outpatients with heart failure
Authors: Kerkutluoglu Murat
Published: September 2023

In light of recent advancements in the field of heart failure management and treatment, it remains crucial to acknowledge that individuals diagnosed with heart failure and presenting with low ejection fraction face a significant risk of adverse outcomes. This high risk is primarily due to impaired pumping function of the heart and concomitant comorbidities. The objective of this study was to assess the prognostic significance of the C-reactive protein/albumin ratio in predicting overall mortality among individuals receiving outpatient care for heart failure. This retrospective, single-center cohort study comprised a total of 218 patients diagnosed with heart failure with low ejection fraction. These patients were diligently monitored as outpatients in a specialized heart failure outpatient clinic. During a median follow-up period of 26 months, the CRP/albumin ratios at the time of the initial hospitalization were assessed in patients who experienced mortality and those who survived. The mean age of the study participants was 56±10 years, 82% were male and 18% were female. The mean C-reactive protein/albumin ratio was 0.12 (0.02-2.1) and the mean left ventricular ejection fraction was 26% (10-40%). It was observed that the predictive accuracy of mortality could be determined by the C-reactive protein/albumin ratio with an optimal threshold value > 0.12. The sensitivity and specificity of this method were 95% and 63%, respectively (AUC: 0.824, 95% CI: 0.740-0.890). In conclusion, the C-reactive protein/albumin ratio can be defined as a prognostic indicator for mortality in outpatients with heart failure.
Effects of Vitamin D on asprosin and meteorin-like protein in liver tissue of diabetic rats
Authors: Turk Ahmet , Metin Tuba
Published: September 2023

Diabetes mellitus (DM), a considerable concern for public health, serves as a predisposing factor for numerous diseases. Asprosin and meteorin-like protein (metrnl) are two peptides that play essential roles in glucose and energy metabolism. This study investigated the possible therapeutic potential of vitamin D (Vit D) against diabetes-induced liver damage in terms of asprosin and metrnl proteins. The study comprised four distinct groups: control, DM (60 mg/kg streptozotocin), Vit D (200 IU/kg), and DM+Vit D. Asprosin and metrnl levels were determined using both ELISA and immunohistochemical methods. Additionally, Total Oxidant Status (TOS) and Total Antioxidant Status (TAS) levels were assessed using the ELISA method. Asprosin and TOS levels increased in the DM group, whereas TAS and metrnl levels decreased. In the DM+Vit D group, metrnl levels increased while asprosin and TOS levels decreased significantly. These findings suggest that Vit D had protective effects against diabetes-induced liver damage and improved asprosin and metrnl levels. It has been concluded that Vit D could be considered as an attractive therapeutic agent target for asprosin and metrnl, which have positive effects on diabetes.
Comparison of botulinum toxin applications in the treatment of obesity
Authors: Halaclar Bulent
Published: September 2023

Obesity is a global health problem, however, there is no consensus on the treatment for patients with a BMI between 30 and 35. Intragastric botulinum toxin injection (IGBT) has been proposed as a new endoscopic treatment for obesity, with the potential to delay gastric emptying and increase satiety by temporarily paralyzing the injected area. A retrospective study was conducted on 157 patients who received antral or fundus dominant IGBT and were followed up for 6 months with a diet program from January 2020 to December 2022. The patients were divided into three groups: Group 1 consisted of patients who received more injections in the fundus during IGBT, group 2 consisted of patients who received more injections in the antrum during IGBT, and group 3 consisted of patients who were only followed up with a diet program. Group 1 patients received 10 fundus and 10 antrum injections, while group 2 patients received 18 antrum and 2 fundus injections. Group 3 patients were only followed up with a diet program. Both antral and fundus dominant IGBT were effective in reducing body weight, and there was a significant difference between the two groups in terms of weight loss. Both groups 1 and 2 had significantly greater weight loss than group 3 (p<0.001). Antral and fundus dominant IGBT can be considered as a potential treatment option for obese patients with a BMI between 30 and 35 who do not meet the criteria for bariatric surgery.
The association of coronary artery disease with age, gender and affected coronary segments
Authors: Mumcu Arzu , Gitmez Mesut
Published: September 2023

The study aims to determine the age-gender distribution of individuals with and without coronary artery disease (CAD) and to analyze the percentage size of CAD detected in different coronary artery segments by gender, including the right coronary artery (RCA), left main coronary artery (LMCA), circumflex artery (Cx), and left anterior descending artery (LAD). The research was conducted in Batman Training and Research Hospital's digital subtraction angiography (DSA) unit using angiography data obtained between April 2019 and July 2020. Coronary arteries were divided into proximal, middle, and distal segments, and the stenosis size was measured as a percentage for each segment. Among patients with CAD, in the gender distribution, males showed a significantly higher prevalence than females at a rate of 85.62% (p<0.05). The group with the highest incidence of disease lesions in the age-related distribution was 51-60, accounting for 32.45% of cases. The most common parts of the narrowing in the distribution according to the coronary artery parts were LAD-middle (64.36%) and RCA-proximal (49.47%). Additionally, in the distribution of the lesioned coronary arteries detected in each heart, the involvement of Cx, LAD, and RCA collectively was the most frequent form of lesioned coronary artery distribution (p<0.05). Our study presents detailed data revealing the localization, occlusion size, age, and gender distribution of coronary artery disease, a condition associated with high mortality risk and is therefore of paramount importance. We believe that the presented data are particularly significant in the fields of anatomy, epidemiology, and cardiology.
Analysis of common iliac artery morphometry: A computed tomography angiography study
Authors: r Rabia , Ozturk Cansu , ftci Ruki , han Omer
Published: September 2023

The present study was conducted to create reference values of common iliac arteries (CIA) for the diagnosis of vascular diseases such as aneurysm and atherosclerosis and to contribute to preoperative evaluation and the literature for open or endovascular interventions. Abdominal computed tomography angiography (CTA) images of 299 (156 F, 143 M) patients which were taken for various reasons at Gaziantep University Faculty of Medicine Hospital between 2015 and 2023 and which met the criteria were selected. The mean age of the patients included in the study was 49.85±18.74 years. Diameter measurements were made on two-dimensional images, while length and angle measurements were made on three-dimensional images. As a result of the analysis, the mean right CIA (RCIA) anteroposterior diameter was 1.12±0.66 cm and the mean transverse diameter was 1.21±0.74 cm; while the mean left CIA (LCIA) value was 1.12±0.68 cm in the anteroposterior axis and 1.13±0.73 cm in the transverse axis. In terms of length measurements, the mean right common iliac artery (RCIA) was found as 5.63±1.61 cm and the mean LCIA was found as 6.19±1.65 cm; in angle measurements of right and left CIA with the abdominal aorta (AA), mean RCIA was found as 23.3±9.84° and mean LCIA was found as 19.66±9.18°. While a significant difference was found between genders in terms of diameter values (p<0.05), no difference was found in length and angle values (p>0.05). In terms of correlations with age, correlation was found in diameter values of both sides and RCIA angle. It is thought that morphometric measurements of the common iliac arteries will contribute to interventional radiologists, vascular surgeons and the literature.
Relationship between serum copper and TIMI flow grade in ST-elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: Gocer Kemal , Gedik Muhammed
Published: September 2023

Coronary artery disease (CAD) involves a complex atherosclerotic process, and many factors play a role in this process. Although there are studies evaluating the development and severity of CAD with trace elements in the blood, there is no study evaluating coronary flow to our knowledge. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between coronary flow and trace elements after percutaneous intervention in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). This study included 126 consecutive patients who presented to the emergency department with STEMI between May 2023 and August 2023. Thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) flow grades were calculated after primary percutaneous coronary intervention, and patients were categorized into two groups: low TIMI flow grade and normal TIMI flow grade. The diagnosis of STEMI was defined according to European acute coronary syndrome (ACS) guidelines. Demographic and clinical data were recorded. After coronary angiography, blood tests for trace elements were obtained in addition to routine laboratory parameters. All variables were compared between the two groups. There was no significant difference between low and normal TIMI flow grade groups regarding age and gender. Killip score (p=0.004) and tirofiban (p<0.001) use were higher in the low TIMI flow grade group. Serum copper, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and platelet variables were included in binary logistic regression analysis; low serum copper (p=0.014, OR=1.023, Cl=1.005-1.042) was found to be a risk factor for low TIMI flow grade. Regarding the outcomes of this research, we found that serum copper levels are an important risk factor for low TIMI flow grade in STEMI.
Spinal and cranial morphometric features of chiari malformation patients undergoing decompression surgery
Authors: Gediz Tolga
Published: September 2023

Chiari malformation (CM) is characterized by herniation of the cerebellar tonsil(s) and/or medulla oblongata into the spinal canal, resulting in various morphometric abnormalities. The current study aimed to evaluate the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings and morphometric features of the craniocervical region in patients who underwent surgery for CM. Demographic and radiological data were collected from 59 patients who underwent surgery for CM and a control group of 58 randomly selected nonsurgical patients. For between-group comparisons, Continuous variables were described as the mean (±SD) or median (IQR) and categorical variables as frequency (%). The mean age of the control group participants was 33.38 years. The mean age of patients in the CM group at the time of surgery was 33.83 years. The diameter of the foramen magnum, the maximum anteroposterior diameter of the C1 vertebra, the maximum diameter of the spinal canal at the C2 vertebra, and the atlantodental interval were all positively correlated with the total cerebellar tonsil length [r=0.54, 0.37, 0.42, 0.71]. Comparisons of total cerebellar tonsil length with other morphological and clinical variables, including contact between the brainstem and clivus, basilar invagination, preoperative hydrocephalus, remnant cartilage between the odontoid and C2 corpus, and associated craniovertebral junction anomalies, revealed no other significant correlations. CM is associated with many structural anomalies in the brain. However, there is relatively little detail in the existing literature on the morphometric parameters associated with the malformation. The findings of this study provide insights for future research and contribute to knowledge of the morphometric features of CMs in general and CMs in patients requiring surgical management in particular.
Frequency of iron deficiency anemia among children with poor appetite complaint
Authors: Babacan Altay
Published: September 2023

Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in children causes both mental and psychomotor impairment. This study was planned to investigate the frequency of iron deficiency anemia in children with poor appetite. Complete blood count and ferritin values of children admitted to the pediatric outpatient clinic due to poor appetite were analyzed retrospectively. Cases with a hemoglobin (Hgb) value below -2 SD and a ferritin level below 12 ng/ml according to the age group were considered as IDA. Four hundred and twenty-eight children aged between 6 months and 18 years were evaluated. 210 (49.06%) and 218 (50.94%) of children were male and female, respectively. Children were examined in four groups according to their age: 1) 6 months-2 years (n=193), 2) 3-6 years (n=142), 3) 7-11 years (n=67) and 4) 12-17 years (n=26). Children were divided into three groups according to their ferritin values: Group 1: ≥12 ng/ml (n=299), Group 2: between 6-12 ng/ml (n=95) and Group 3: ≤6 ng/ml (n=34). The rate of IDA was found to be 28.2% in children with a ferritin value of ≤12 ng/ml. The relationship between age and gender to the frequency of anemia was not statistically significant (p≥0.05). IDA is a common hematological disorder that can be seen at any age, especially in children aged 6-36 months. In children with poor appetite, the presence of iron deficiency should be investigated.
Arterial stiffness and vascular ageing in COVID-19 recovered young patients – A comparative study
Authors: Joshi Prema , Shinde Bhagwat , Jadhav Kashinath
Published: September 2023

Background: Many studies suggest the effect of SARS-COV2 on the renin angiotensin system causing arterial stiffness in acute cases of COVID-19 infection. However, no study has been conducted to analyze the long-term effect. Hence, this study was planned.

Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, pulse pressure, pulse wave velocity, ankle brachial index, arterial stiffness index, and percentage mean arterial pressure (MAP) in COVID-19 recovered young patients without any history of comorbidity and compare it to apparently healthy age-matched controls.

Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional case–control study was conducted at a tertiary care center on 120 healthy volunteers in the age group 18–30 years after written informed consent. Inclusion Criteria: Cases are patients with a history of reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) positive COVID-19 report, age-matched control having no history of RT-PCR positive report. Group P (6–12 months), Group Q (more than 12–18 months), and Group R (more than 18 months) after being tested RT-PCR positive. Group C is the control. The analysis of variance test was used for analysis.

Results: Heart rate and peripheral pulse wave velocity are significantly increased in all three groups as compared to the control. Right brachial and right ankle arterial stiffness index and percentage MAP in the right and left ankle are significantly increased in all three case groups compared to the control group.

Conclusion: The patients with a history of COVID-19 infection are at an increased risk of arterial stiffness and vascular ageing.
A prospective study of biofilm production among catheterized and non-catheterized urinary bacterial isolates along with their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern in tertiary care hospital, Nadiad, Gujarat
Authors: Bhavsar Rachana , Gusani Jigar , Tank Bansari
Published: September 2023

Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the leading causes of morbidity, mortality, and health-care expenditure, affecting all age groups of people. Bacteria that are able to produce biofilm are more likely to cause recurrent UTI. Conversely, bacteria with higher biofilm-forming capacity are much more likely to cause recurrent UTI. Understanding biofilm formation and antimicrobial resistance determinants of uropathogenic organisms will provide insight into the development of treatment options for biofilm-associated UTIs.

Aim and Objectives: The objectives of this study are to compare antimicrobial resistance patterns among biofilm-producing and non-biofilm-producing organisms isolated from catheterized and non-catheterized patients with UTIs. Hence, we can improve patient outcomes, reduce antimicrobial resistance, and decrease the spread of infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms of biofilm-associated UTIs in all age groups of catheterized and non-catheterized patients visiting Dr. N. D. Desai Faculty of Medical Science and Research, Nadiad, Gujarat, during the study period.

Materials and Methods: A prospective study was done to check the prevalence of biofilm production in catheterized and non-catheterized patients and their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern isolated from urine samples for a period of 1 year (from July 2022 to June 2023) at the Department of Microbiology, Dr. N. D. Desai Faculty of Medical Science and Research, Nadiad, Gujarat. The results of the microbiological profile and their susceptibility pattern were tabulated and statistically analyzed.

Results: Out of 1360 urine samples, 370 samples grew pathogen. (GPC: 67, GNB: 319, and 16 of them grew 2 pathogens). Biofilm production was found in 78 (20.2%) of pathogens isolated from catheterized and non-catheterized patients. Commonly isolated pathogen was Gram-negative bacilli 82.6% followed by Gram-positive cocci 17.4%. Escherichia coli (67.4%) was the most common isolate found followed by Enterococcus spp. (13.5%), Klebsiella spp. (6.2%), Pseudomonas spp. (4.2%), Staphylococcus spp. (2.7%), Proteus spp. (2%), Enterobacter spp. (1.3%), Acinetobacter spp. (1.3%), Staphylococcus aureus (1.3%), and Citrobacter spp. (0.2%).

Conclusion: UTIs are the most common infection in the community as well as health-care-associated infections. A biofilm-producing pathogen is more resistant to antimicrobial agents. Hence, it is necessary to detect biofilm formation at an early stage along with an antimicrobial susceptibility test to decrease the usage of last resort antimicrobial agents and the high costs of individual’s health as well as the health-care system around the world, particularly in developing countries.
Association of 25(OH)D deficiency and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetics in semi-urban North Indian population
Authors: Khan Irfan , Ghosh Dibyadeb , Kumar Masuram
Published: September 2023

Background: Vitamin D deficiency has recently been shown to play a role in insulin resistance and derangement of insulin secretion, which in turn may affect type 2 diabetes adversely.

Aims and Objectives: The objective of this study was to investigate the association between vitamin D deficiency and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetic patients.

Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted on 100 type 2 diabetic patients aged 30–75 years, with both genders (60 male and 40 female). To analyze, the relationship between vitamin D and glycemic parameters, a Pearson correlation was performed.

Results: In this present study, we found a negative significant correlation between vitamin D and fasting insulin r = −0.33 (P < 0.001) it was also true for homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance and fasting plasma glucose r = −0.42, r = −0.43 (P < 0.001), respectively. Furthermore, vitamin D was positively correlated QUICKI model in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Conclusion: From the findings, we can conclude that vitamin D deficiency has an important role in insulin resistance hence, vitamin D supplementation could improve glycemic control in T2DM.
To study anti-hyperglycemic actions of three indigenous drugs namely Momordica charantia, Gymnema sylvestre and Piper betle
Authors: Maiti Tamoghna , Mandal Sonai , Bhadury Anuran , Mukhopadhyay Olivia
Published: September 2023

Background: Momordica charantia, Gymnema sylvestre, and Piper betle are developing as optional therapy in type 2 diabetes. Animal studies are helping to reveal its anti-diabetic properties. However, clinical studies in human subjects are few.

Aims and Objectives: To know the effect of M. charantia on fasting glycemic control in rabbits.

Materials and Methods: Blood samples from overnight fasting diabetic rabbits were collected. The drug and vehicle at the indicated dosages were then administered orally to the respective groups using a pediatric nasogastric tube followed by 2 mL of distilled water through the same tube. Subsequent blood samples were taken 2, 4, and 8 h after drug administration, and plasma glucose was estimated for each sample.

Results: The standard drug, glyburide, significantly reduces hyperglycemia over a period of 2, 4, and 8 h, with maximum effect achieved after 4 h. Therefore, the choice of a diabetic rabbit animal model is authentic and appropriate.

Conclusion: These three herbal extracts were more or less equivalent in reducing fasting blood glucose compared to glyburide in a rabbit model.
A comparative study of knowledge, attitude, and practice of pharmacovigilance among medical and nursing students in a government medical college of Eastern India
Authors: Paul Ratul , Pal Ayan , Datta Arunima , Mukhopadhyay Olivia
Published: September 2023

Background: Pharmacovigilance (PV) is an important therapeutic discipline for assuring optimal pharmaceutical use and patient safety. The purpose of this study was to compare the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of PV between 2nd-year medical and nursing students in a government medical college of West Bengal, India.

Aims and Objectives: The objectives of the study were to assess the KAP of PV among 2nd-year medical students and nursing students and to compare their differences if any.

Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional, observational, and questionnaire-based study conducted between two groups of students, medical and nursing, who were interviewed with a prevalidated questionnaire. Demographic data and questions regarding KAP of PV were included in the study. Details and purpose of the study were explained to the students. The collected data were analyzed statistically and the comparison between the two groups was done.

Results: A total of 260 students were interviewed, of whom 242 participants were selected involving 184 medical students and 58 nursing students. Our results showed both medical and nursing students had adequate knowledge and attitude about PV. However, there were significant differences among the two groups in terms of ease and know how about reporting adverse drug reactions (ADR).

Conclusion: PV is an integral part of healthcare and patient safety. The knowledge required to guarantee the safe use of pharmaceuticals is therefore a requirement for all healthcare students to undergo a PV and ADR course as part of their curricula.
Hearing loss in Type 2 diabetes: Impact of duration, glycemic control, and oxidative stress
Authors: Akbar Ashna , V Kamalakshi
Published: September 2023

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been linked to many problems, including hearing loss, which research studies have not paid much attention to. This study looks into the possible links between hearing loss in people with T2DM, the duration of time they have had diabetes, how well they control their blood sugar, and measures of reactive stress. Understanding how these things work together can help doctors find problems faster, develop better ways to treat them, and improve their patients’ health.

Aims and Objectives: This study aims to see if there are any links between hearing loss and duration of T2DM, levels of glycemic control, and measures of oxidative stress in people with T2DM. The results of this study will help come up with early identification and healing ways to improve patient care.

Materials and Methods: In a cross-sectional study at Government Medical College, Kozhikode, 63 diabetic patients aged 30–60 were compared with 63 age and sex-matched controls. Blood sugar was assessed using the glucose oxidase peroxidase method, hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C) through cation exchange high-performance liquid chromatography, serum malondialdehyde (MDA) through the thiobarbituric acid test, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) using the technique by Marklund and Marklund, with the latter two assessed spectrophotometrically. Hearing abilities were evaluated using pure tone audiometry.

Results: Diabetic participants exhibited a marked increase in hearing loss incidence compared to controls (P < 0.001). Males with diabetes showed a higher prevalence of hearing loss than females (P = 0.043). A significant correlation was found between hearing loss and the duration of diabetes (P < 0.001), elevated glycemic levels (fasting blood sugar, random blood sugar, and HbA1c, all P < 0.001), and altered oxidative stress parameters. Specifically, MDA levels were higher in people with diabetes (P < 0.001) and associated with hearing loss (P = 0.033), while SOD levels were reduced (P < 0.001) and significantly linked to hearing loss (P = 0.047). Logistic regression identified age, sex, HbA1c, MDA, and SOD as independent risk factors for hearing impairment in Type 2 diabetes patients.

Conclusion: Our findings emphasize the significant association between Type 2 diabetes and heightened risk of hearing loss, influenced by age, gender, glycemic levels, and oxidative stress markers. Regular audiological assessments are crucial for early detection and intervention in diabetic patients.
Role of thoracic periaortic adipose tissue in major adverse cardiovascular events in heart failure
Authors: k U , Duygu Ali , n Ali , Resorlu Mustafa
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objecitve: Adipose tissue is defined as a complex endocrine organ that exerts various regulatory functions and has effects on the cardiovascular system. Previous studies have shown that epicardial adipose tissue is associated with heart failure (HF) and cardiovascular outcome. The effect of thoracic periaortic fat tissue (PFT) on this issue is unknown. We aimed to investigate the relationship between PFT and long-term clinical outcomes in patients with HF.
Materials and Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 71 patients with HF and 45 patients without HF. We calculated their PFT volumes by examining multi-detector computed tomography images with special software. Adverse cardiac events occurring within one year were recorded.
Results: Adverse cardiac events were seen in 23 of the patients during follow-up. Only one of the events was in the healthy group. In the HF group, there was a statistically significant PFT volume compared to the healthy group (54.5 (41.2-66.5) vs. 42.1 (29.9-52.7), p= 0.014). Logistic regression analysis showed that PFT was an independent predictor of MACE (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.96; 95% CI: 0.94-0.99; p = 0.027).
Conclusion: The study has shown for the first time in the literature that PFT volume can be a useful parameter in predicting adverse cardiac events in the follow-up of patients with HF.
Postmortem Diagnosis of Diabetic Ketoacidosis: Two Case Report
Authors: kler Erdem , Erkol Zehra , Yazg Bu
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus may cause serious metabolic disorders that leading death which can be difficult to diagnose macroscopically or histopathologically at autopsy In this study, we aimed to discuss two cases who were found to have died as a result of diabetic ketoacidosis at autopsy with the literature.
Case 1: A 22-year-old Pakistan nationals male entered the Turkey illegally was found dead in his seat in an intercity bus rest area. He suffered from diabetes mellitus and used insulin injection. Toxicological analysis demonstrated the presence 289 microgram/ml acetone in blood samples and 452 microgram/ml acetone in vitreous humor. As a result of autopsy, we determined that death was caused by diabetic ketoacidosis.
Case 2: A 55-year-old female was found dead in a hotel room with the door locked from the inside. Toxicological analysis demonstrated the presence 254 microgram/ml acetone and 3198 ng/ml paracetamol in blood samples and 408 microgram/ml acetone alone in vitreous humor. As a result of autopsy, we determined that death was caused by diabetic ketoacidosis.
Conclusion: Consequently, we suggest that combination of postmortem biochemical parameters (vitreous and blood glucose  acetone, HgA1C) and histopathological examination (accumulation of triglycerides and glycogen in tubular epithelium of kidneyetc.) may be useful for diagnosing postmortem diabetic ketoacidosis in known and unknown diabetic patients.
YOUTUBE'DAKİ FİBER POST VİDEOLARININ GÜVENİLİRLİĞİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: ERDEM HEPŞENOĞLU Yelda , YILDIRIM Gülhan
Published: September 2023

Amaç: Bu çalışma, YouTube'da yer alan fiber post ile ilgili videoların kalite ve yeterliliğini analiz etmeyi amaçlamaktadır.

Gereç ve Yöntem: YouTube'da "fiber post" anahtar kelimesi ile arama yapıldı. Başlangıçta 216 videodan oluşan bir örneklemden, tüm dahil etme kriterlerini karşılayan yalnızca 123 video içerik kalitesi değerlendirildi. Videoların özellikleri belirlendikten sonra izlenme verileri kaydedildi. İçerik kalitesi Video Bilgi Kalitesi Endeksi (VIQI) ve Küresel Kalite Ölçeği (GQS) kullanılarak değerlendirildi. İstatistiksel analiz için Shapiro-Wilk, Mann-Whitney U ve Fisher's Exact Ki-Kare testleri kullanıldı.

Bulgular: Videoların %69’u sağlık profesyonelleri tarafından yüklendiği bulundu. En yaygın bahsedilen konu “materyal” (%84) ve bunu kavite hazırlama türü (%72) takip ediyordu. Videoların %90’ı "düşük içerikli" olarak kategorize edildi. "Yüksek içerikli" videoların VIQI ve GQS puanları daha yüksekti. Toplam içerik puanı ile VIQI ve GQS puanları arasında pozitif korelasyon bulundu. Dikkat çeken bir diğer bulgu ise VIQI ve GQS puanları arasındaki pozitif korelasyondur (p
Gender Discrimination in America: An In-depth Analysis
Authors: Charles Grey
Published: September 2023

Gender discrimination remains a pervasive issue in the United States, despite significant progress in the fight for gender equality over the past century. This scholarly article aims to provide an in-depth analysis of gender discrimination in America, focusing on its historical context, contemporary manifestations, and the ongoing efforts to combat it. By examining the roots of gender discrimination, its impact on various aspects of society, and the policy measures implemented to address it, this article seeks to shed light on the complex nature of this social problem.
Financial Wellbeing during Covid-19 Pandemic: Concerns about Medical Costs
Authors: KARAPINAR KOCAĞ Esra
Published: September 2023

Financial wellbeing which represents a great concern for individuals regardless of their social status or their current employment situation constitutes an important element of overall individual wellbeing. Within a broader structure of financial wellbeing, concerns about medical costs have gained a vital importance particularly following the pandemic. Identifying what factors influence this growing concern is critical to tackle with the problem and improve individual wellbeing. Hence, this study is expected to shed light on such an important individual and national concern. To that end, this paper utilizes Global Financial Inclusion Database which is based on national representative surveys of about 128,000 adults across more than 120 countries. Empirical analysis in which ordered probit model was applied aims to investigate if there exists an association between financial concerns about medical costs and COVID-19. Findings of the empirical investigation reveal that being in the group of those who are very worried about financial hardship due to Covid-19 outbreak increases the probability of reporting being very worried about medical cost payments by about 34.5 percentage points. Therefore, it is seen that pandemic detrimentally related to individuals’ increased concerns over medical costs. These findings are expected to guide policy makers on the management of healthcare system and measures to improve individual wellbeing.