bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Computed Tomography Findings, Clinical Characteristics, and Mechanisms of Cerebrovascular Density Increase in Cyanotic Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Liu Hui , Ma Pengcheng , Feng Yusen , Wang Jin , Sun Guifang , Wang Lijuan
Published: October 2020

Cyanotic congenital heart disease (CCHD) features include compensatory red blood cell and Fe3+ hemoglobin increases. These result in an increase in blood density and a reduction in oxygen saturation (SaO2). Routine head computed tomography (CT) usually exhibits
specific signs for the different degrees of brain blood vessel increases. However, the underlying mechanisms and how to identify venous sinus thrombosis or subarachnoid hemorrhage are still contentious. The cranial CT and clinical data of 82 patients with CCHD were retrospectively analyzed.
The patients were divided into the following groups: Normal, Mild, Moderate, and Severe. Analyses of the blood CT values, hemoglobin (Hb) concentrations, red blood cell count (RBC), hematocrit (HCT), and clinical cyanosis degree were conducted. The values of blood CT, Hb, RBC, and HCT were
significantly different among the groups. The blood CT value was positively correlated with the Hb concentration (r = 0 98, P < 0.01), and color Doppler imaging (CDI) was positively correlated with the CCHD degree (r = 0 86, P < 0.01). Hypoxia in CCHD can
stimulate polycythemia; hence, CDI is positively correlated with the Hb concentration as well as the aggregation and retention of RBC. The clinical manifestations are positively related to the CCHD degree.
Analysis of Clinical Stability of Ophthalmic Preparations Combined with Artificial Intelligence Medical Image Technology
Authors: Jin Tangtang , Fu Gangze , Ge Lina , Lin Peizhen
Published: October 2020

This study aims to analyze the stability of ophthalmic reagent cyclosporine polypeptide A and provide theoretical basis for future clinical medication. In this study, polyethylene glycol stearate with good physiological tolerance was selected to replace the emulsifier Tween80 in the
sell prescription. The sell prescription was set as reagent 1, and the improved reagent was set as reagent 2. The two reagents were placed under high temperature (45 °C and 65 °C) and high light (4600Ix) for 18 days, and the pH and content of the two reagents were detected and recorded
by artificial intelligence (AI) medical image segmentation technology based on Gabor wavelet function at 6 days, 12 days, and 18 days. Then, considering the actual storage problem of the reagent, the two reagents were placed in an environment (temperature of about 25 °C, relative humidity
of about 60%, and protection from light) for 24 months. The pH and content of the two reagents were detected and recorded by hyperspectral images at 8, 16, and 24 months. The results showed that the pH value and content of the two reagents did not change significantly over time at 45 °C
(P > 0.05), and the pH and content of reagent 1 after 6 days at 65 °C were significantly less than the initial pH value (P < 0.05). The pH and content of reagent 2 after 12 days were significantly lower than the initial pH value (P < 0.05). Under strong illumination,
the pH value and content of reagent 1 decreased with time, and there were significant differences (P < 0.05). The pH value of reagent 2 showed no significant difference between 0 and 18 days (P > 0.05), and the content was significantly lower than the initial content after
12 days of placement (P < 0.05). The pH value and content of reagent 1 were significantly lower than the initial value after 16 months of storage (P < 0.05). And the pH value and content of reagent 2 were significantly lower than the initial value when stored for 24 months
(P < 0.05). It showed that ophthalmic reagent cyclosporine polypeptide A is sensitive to high temperature and high light, and should avoid light and cool down during the transportation in hot season. Therefore, the adoption of polyethylene glycol stearate can effectively improve
the stability of ophthalmic reagent cyclosporine polypeptide A, which has a high value in clinical application.
Effects of Electromyographic Biofeedback Therapy Combined with Comprehensive Rehabilitation Training on Lower Limb Motor Function in Patients with Stroke Recovery
Authors: Yang Xingping , Gao Zhao , Zhou Yu , Chen Zhuoming , Shi Yihua , Zhang Mingxing , Huang Xuming
Published: October 2020

This article explores the effects of myoelectric biofeedback therapy association with rehabilitation training on LLMF in patients with stroke and hemiplegia. Sixty patients with stroke and hemiplegia were separated into the control group and the treatment group. The two groups were
disposed neuromedicine drugs and rehabilitation training, while the treatment group also increased the training of the affected side's lower limb electromyography. The same therapist evaluated Fugl-Meyer score (FMA), M-B index (MBI), Berg Balance Scale (BBS), score before and 4 weeks after
treatment, and performed statistical analysis. The results showed that the FMA scores, balance ability scores, daily living ability scores, and active range scores of the wrist and stepping joints of the upper and lower limbs after several weeks of treatment in the two groups were better than
those in the group before treatment. The scores of the EMG biofeedback treatment group at several weeks were better than the control group of the same period, the difference was statistically significant. EMG Biofeedback Therapy Combined with Comprehensive Rehabilitation Training can effectively
improve upper and lower extremity movement, balance function, daily life ability, dorsiflexion of the wrist and dorsiflexion of the step joints after stroke, and the effect is better than that of conventional rehabilitation therapy.
Adoption of Ultrasonic Imaging Diagnosis Under Machine Learning Algorithm in Treatment of Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension and Nursing
Authors: Gao Wei , Zhou Ani
Published: October 2020

In order to study the application of doppler ultrasound in monitoring the changes of important vascular hemodynamic indexes in pregnant women with Pregnancy-induced Hypertension (PIH) during pregnancy under the Omaha systematic nursing intervention (NI), in this study, 83 PIH pregnant
women were taken as the study object. First, 60 normal pregnant women were taken as the control group (CG). Ultrasonic images of the uterine artery (UA) and middle cerebral artery (MCA) were collected. The machine learning (ML) algorithm was used to detect the edge of the target vessel in
the UA image. The hemodynamic indexes of UA and MCA were compared between the two groups. Then, according to the routine NI and the NI method based on the Omaha system, 83 PIH pregnant women were divided into the routine group (RG) (n = 35) and the observation group (OG) (n =
48). The differences in UA hemodynamic parameters and quality of life (QOL) scores were compared between the two groups at 6 d after surgery. The results showed that pre-pregnancy BMI, mean artery pressure (MAP), and uric acid content in the CG were significantly lower than those in the PIH
group (P < 0.05); the content of serum albumin in the CG was significantly higher than that in the PIH group (P < 0.05); compared with Sobel operator, edge detection (ED) based on ML algorithm was more coherent; in the CG, the systolic peak velocity (PSV), acceleration
index (AI), pulse index (PI), and resistance index (RI) were significantly lower than those in the PIH group (P < 0.05); the values of PI and RI in MCA of CG were significantly higher than those in PIH group (P < 0.05); after NI, PSV, PI, RI, and AI values in the OG were
significantly lower than those in the RG (P < 0.05); the health status, trunk pain, social function, emotional function, vitality, mental health, and total score of the OG were significantly higher than that of the RG (P < 0.05), which indicated that ultrasonic detection
based on ML algorithm can be used in monitoring the changes of hemodynamic indexes of PIH pregnant women during NI, and the NI based on the Omaha system can effectively improve the QOL of PIH pregnant women.
Application of Grid Complexity-Based Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Monitoring Electroencephalogram Signals of Anesthetized Patients
Authors: Lei Yunlong , Ma Zhenzhen , Li Huiqing
Published: October 2020

Objective: In this paper, a lattice algorithm is used to explore the effect of MRI on anesthesia when used in neurosurgery. Methods: Sixty patients with glioma were randomly divided into two groups. Thirty patients underwent intracranial glioma resection (iMRI group) under
the guidance of intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging (iMRI) and functional neuronavigational, and 30 patients underwent functional neuronavigational. Guide the traditional resection of traditional craniotomy gliomas (group N), and record the general situation, anesthesia time, operation
preparation time, operation time, intraoperative blood loss, infusion volume, blood transfusion rate, preoperative and postoperative hemoglobin concentrations, Postoperative body temperature, dosage of muscle relaxant, perioperative accidents related to iMRI and anesthesia. Results:
Compared with the N group, the general conditions, anesthesia time, intraoperative blood loss, infusion volume, blood transfusion rate, hemoglobin concentration, and postoperative body temperature of the patients in the iMRI group were not significantly different (P > 0.05), but
the time for preparation and operation. It was significantly prolonged, and the amount of muscle relaxant was significantly increased (P < 0.05). There were no accidents related to iMRI and anesthesia in both groups. Conclusion: The use of iMRI in neurosurgical surgery improves
the accuracy of surgery and makes tumor resection more complete, but the operation time is significantly longer, and other perioperative characteristics are not different from traditional neurosurgery. iMRI is used for anesthesia in neurosurgery. In addition to following the general principles
of neurosurgery anesthesia, attention should also be paid to the regulation of anesthesia for long-term surgery.
Effect of Ultrasound Images Based on Filtering Algorithm on the Diagnosis Efficiency of Cervical Lymph Node Tuberculosis
Authors: Hu Chenchan , Zhou Fan , Zhu Liya , Su Feifei , Zhou Chen
Published: October 2020

Objective: This paper uses filtering algorithms to explore and analyze the characteristics of cervical tuberculous lymph nodes and metastatic lymph nodes in ultrasound sonograms. Methods: 160 lymph nodes of 105 patients who obtained pathological results were retrospectively
analyzed in this paper, including 76 tuberculous lymph nodes and 84 metastatic lymph nodes. The following ultrasound findings of lymph nodes in the two groups were compared: L/S, border, lymphatic door, internal echo, calcification, necrosis and liquefaction, and their characteristics
were analyzed. Results: Both calcifications and liquid echoless areas were present in both groups. The internal calcifications of metastatic lymph nodes were mostly micro-calcifications, which were clustered, and the tuberculous lymph nodes were mostly scattered coarse calcifications.
The difference was statistically significant (P < 0.01). The liquefaction area in metastatic lymph nodes was mostly eccentric and the area ratio was less than 50%. The liquefaction area in tuberculous lymph nodes was mostly in the center and the area ratio was more than 50%. The
difference was statistically significant (P < 0 01). Conclusion: Ultrasound imaging features such as the size and distribution of calcification, and the location and area ratio of liquefaction zone are helpful to distinguish tuberculous lymph nodes from metastatic lymph nodes.
Application of Color Doppler Ultrasound in the Clinical Diagnosis of Uterine Incision Infection
Authors: Dai Qiongyan , Wang Yun
Published: October 2020

Objective: To observe the early changes of uterine incision defects after cesarean section by transvaginal color Doppler ultrasound, and to analyze the risk factors of their formation. Methods: A total of 181 women who underwent cesarean section from September 2016 to
June 2018 and who underwent transvaginal ultrasound examination at 6 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months after birth were divided into two groups. (142 cases) and incision defect group (39 cases). The incision changes and the risk factors of incision defect in different periods of postpartum were
analyzed. Results: Compared with the group with good incision healing, the length of the incision defect in the cesarean section at 6 months after delivery was shorter than that at 6 weeks after delivery (P < 0.05). The results of non-conditional logistic regression showed
that the number of cesarean sections increased and the number of operators was lower. Seniority, postoperative infection, posterior uterine position, and incision close to the cervix are risk factors for poor healing of uterine scars. Conclusion: As the postpartum time increases, the
length of the cesarean section incision defect shortens; multiple cesarean sections, puerperal infections, posterior uterus, low incision position and inexperience of the operator are the risk factors for the formation of uterine incision defects and increase uterine scars. Risk of poor healing.
Neuroimaging Characteristics of Patients with Chronic Schizophrenia and Predictive Diagnosis of Melatonin Therapy
Authors: Tang Qingjun , Zhang Lina , Zhao Bing , Wang Xin , Chen Juan
Published: October 2020

Objective: To investigate the improvement of melatonin in cognitive function and safety of schizophrenia patients with tardive dyskinesia (TD). At the same time, the neuroimaging characteristics of patients with chronic schizophrenia were analyzed. Methods: 76 patients
with chronic schizophrenia accompanied by TD were randomly divided into treatment group 39 cases and control group 37 cases. The treatment group was given melatonin 9 mg/d, while the control group was only treated with the original drug. The course of treatment is 12 weeks. Wechsler Adult
Intelligence Scale (WAIS), Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS), Repeated Neuropsychological State Test (RBANS), Vocabulary Fluency Scale (VFT), and Symptom Scale (TESS) The curative effect and adverse reactions were evaluated before treatment and 12 weeks. Results: In the treatment group, WAIS
was significantly higher than the control group in terms of semantic fluency and VFT in all indicators of operation, speech and total scale (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01); the differences in WMS indicators between the two groups were all different. No statistical significance (P
> 0.05). The TESS score in the treatment group was significantly lower than before treatment (P < 0.05), and there was no significant difference between the two groups. Conclusion: Melatonin can improve the cognitive function of patients with chronic schizophrenia with
TD, and it is safer.
Analysis of the Value of GE1.5HDX MRI Information Imaging Technology in the Clinical Diagnosis of Patients with Hemorrhagic Cerebral Infarction
Authors: Li Tiefeng , Chen Ailin , Xie Pingkun , Chen Xudong
Published: October 2020

Objective: To analyze the imaging characteristics of hemorrhagic cerebral infarction (HI). Methods: The cases were selected from 220 patients with new cerebral infarction who were hospitalized in our hospital from March 2015 to February 2018, of which 34 cases were found
with hemorrhagic cerebral infarction. All the selected cases met the criteria for "Diagnosis Points of Various Cerebrovascular Diseases" adopted by the Fourth National Cerebrovascular Diseases Academic Conference of the Chinese Medical Association in 1995, and were confirmed by cranial CT
and/or GE1.5HDX MRI scans as Hemorrhagic cerebral infarction. Retrospectively analyze the clinical data, clinical manifestations, brain CT, GE1.5HDX magnetic resonance examination, and clinical data of 34 patients with HI, and analyze their short-term prognosis, HI occurrence time, type of
bleeding, infarct area, incidence site, arteries The blood supply and imaging performance were analyzed by statistical X2 test to analyze the imaging characteristics of hemorrhagic cerebral infarction. Results: 1. 34 patients with HI in this group accounted for 15.45%
of the cerebral infarction in the same period, including 16 males and 18 females. The ages ranged from 45 to 86 years, with an average of 68.09 ± 10.41 years. 2.34 cases of HI included cerebral embolism in 26 cases (76.47%), cerebral thrombosis in 7 cases (20.58%), lacunar infarction
in 1 case (2.94%), cardiogenic cerebral embolism in 22 cases (64.71%), and history of atrial fibrillation. Fourteen patients (41.18%) and 24 patients with large infarction (70.59%). Conclusions: Embolization, occlusion, recanalization, and establishment of collateral circulation are
closely related to the occurrence of HI. For patients with cardiogenic cerebral embolism and large-scale cerebral infarction, regardless of whether the clinical symptoms are exacerbated, attention should be paid to cerebral infarction.
Application of CT Medical Imaging Technology in the Diagnosis of the Impact of Exercise on the Development of Adolescent Metacarpal Bone
Authors: Li Huimeng
Published: October 2020

Objective: Based on the principles of sports biomechanics, this paper uses CT medical imaging technology to observe the effect of volleyball on the morphology and structure of the metacarpal bone. Methods: Nine young professional volleyball players (volleyball group) and
8 non-volleyball players (control group) were selected from our province. They were male and right-handed. Scan the subject's hand with multi-layer spiral CT, and perform 2D and 3D reconstruction on it. The 2D reconstructed image is filtered, grayed, enlarged, intercepted, enhanced, and segmented
to measure the gray value of each metacarpal bone. After manual segmentation of the 3D reconstructed image in the workstation, the CT value, length, volume, and width of each side of the metacarpal head were measured, and the size and index of each metacarpal head were calculated. Statistical
analysis of differences in metacarpal parameter values. Results: Compared with the control group, (1) the volleyball group reduced the gray value of the right hand I, V metacarpal and left hand I to V metacarpal bones (P < 0.05), and the right hand II metacarpal bone decreased.
(P < 0.001), the gray value of the third and fourth metacarpal bones of the right hand decreased (P < 0.01); Conclusion : The stress caused by volleyball can adaptively change the morphology and structure of the metacarpal bones of young athletes, as follows: Values,
CT values decreased; metacarpal length, volume, and metacarpal head size (volume) increased; metacarpal head index decreased; in addition, non-snooker palm bone morphology and structure changed similarly to the spiker.
Application of CT Three-Dimensional Image in the Diagnostic Evaluation and Treatment of Sports Knee Ligament Strain
Authors: Du Xu
Published: October 2020

Objective: This paper explores the value of CT three-dimensional reconstruction image technology in the diagnosis and treatment of anterior cruciate ligament injury of the knee joint. Methods: The paper selected March 2017–April 2018 to treat and diagnose the reconstructed
images in our hospital and imported them into MIMICSl0.01 for 3D reconstruction of the knee joint, and segmented and isolated the anterior cruciate ligament model. The lengths of the anterior and posterior outer edges of the anterior cruciate ligament separated at 0° and 90° were measured
respectively: the angles between the anterior and posterior cruciate ligament at 90° to the horizontal plane. Comparison and analysis of CT 3D reconstruction measurement data with recognized autopsy data and arthroscopy measurement data. Results: The positive rate of "anterior cruciate
ligament injury" diagnosed by three-dimensional CT was 93.33%. The CT 3D reconstruction measurement data is not significantly different from the accepted anterior cruciate ligament cadaver measurement data. There is no statistically significant difference between the CT 3D measurement data
and arthroscopic measurement data. Conclusion: Three-dimensional CT reconstruction plays a significant role in the early diagnosis of anterior cruciate ligament injury of the knee joint. CT three-dimensional reconstruction can be used as an anatomical method in the study of normal human
anatomy. CT three-dimensional reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament of the knee joint plays an important role in guiding anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction under knee arthroscopy.
Application and Analysis of Imaging Characteristics of Four-Dimensional Ultrasound in the Diagnosis of Fetal Cleft Lip and Palate
Authors: Yang Jing , Tang Ping , Chen Jie , Shen Huaxiang
Published: October 2020

Objective: In this paper, four-dimensional (4D) ultrasound scanning technology and level-set-based image segmentation algorithm are used to diagnose fetal cleft lip and palate to improve the detection rate and diagnostic accuracy of fetal cleft lip and palate cleft. Methods:
Fifty-six fetuses were collected, and their type-B ultrasonic examination was cleft lip and palate. Also, they were identified as cleft lip and palate deformities after delivery or induced labor. Two-dimensional (2D) and 4D ultrasound scans were performed, and an ultrasound image of the fetal
face was obtained using a level set image segmentation algorithm. The characteristics of 2D and 4D ultrasound images of cleft lip and palate fetuses were compared and analyzed. After the postpartum results, the comparison and analysis of the detection rate and diagnostic accuracy of fetal
cleft lip and palate with 2D and 4D ultrasound were performed. Results: (1) The level set image segmentation algorithm can obtain a clear fetal facial image; (2) Fetal cleft lip and palate 2D and 4D have different imaging performances, and 4D imaging characteristics are more prominent
and easier to distinguish; (3) The accuracy rate of 4D ultrasound for simple cleft lip is 100%, and that of 2D is 88.2%. The accuracy rate of 4D for cleft lip with complete cleft palate is 77.8%, and that of 2D is 69.4%. The detection rate and diagnostic accuracy of fetal cleft lip and palate
in 4D ultrasound are higher. Conclusion: The level set image segmentation algorithm can well achieve the segmentation of the fetal face and improve the accuracy of ultrasound diagnosis. 4D ultrasound has good application value in the diagnosis of fetal cleft lip and palate, but the
accuracy rate is less than 100%. Therefore, further research is needed to improve its accuracy rate.
Diagnosis of Coronary Heart Disease by Optical Coherence Tomography Using Random Walk Algorithm
Authors: Zhang Jiehan , Jiang Shengyang , Xu Huajie , Tong Shihua , Lu Chen , Zhuang Shaowei
Published: October 2020

Objective: The objective is to study the diagnosis of coronary heart disease by optical coherence tomography based on random walk algorithm, so as to assist doctors in diagnosing coronary heart disease. Method: K-means algorithm combined with mathematical morphology
provides seed points for random walk algorithm, and realizes semi-automatic segmentation of different kinds of patches. Secondly, by adding the space distance term based on the distance between the edge and the seed point in the weight function, the random walk algorithm is improved, which
can make the weak edge patch area not be segmented too much. Results: the results were obtained by comparing the traditional random walk method and the literature method. The segmentation accuracy of this method is higher, and it is more convenient to use. Moreover, the average segmentation
time of single image is not more than 5 s, which can basically meet the real-time needs of clinical diagnosis. Conclusion: Experiments show that the method proposed in this study is easy to use, with high segmentation accuracy, and to some extent, it can provide the clinician with plaque
area information, improve the speed of reading films, and assist doctors in diagnosing coronary heart disease. In this study, the random walk algorithm is improved to get a better segmentation algorithm than other methods.
Idealized High-Resolution Simulations of a Back-Building Convective System that Causes Torrential Rain
Authors: Ito Junshi , Tsuguchi Hiroshige , Hayashi Syugo , Niino Hiroshi
Published: October 2020

Record-breaking precipitation due to a back-building convective system occurred in Kyushu Island, Japan, on 5 July 2017. In this paper, a quasi-stationary back-building convective system is reproduced using a regional weather prediction model initialized with a single representative sounding in which the land–sea distribution around the observed convective system is crudely simplified. The simulated convective system and heavy precipitation are reasonably similar to observations. Horizontal resolution finer than 1 km is found to be necessary for reproducing the convective system. The area of heavy precipitation tends to shift downstream with finer horizontal resolution. The surface temperature contrasts at the northern and southern coastlines cause sea breezes and a stationary convergence line between them continuously triggers cumulus clouds. The horizontal convergence near the surface is further enhanced by preceding cumulus clouds that cause the latent heating aloft and generate a mesoscale surface pressure depression. Vertical shear of the environmental wind is also found to be important for organizing the convective system but veering of its wind direction and a cold pool are not essential.
Sinonasal Small Cell Carcinoma–Case Series of a Rare Malignancy
Authors: Chapurin Nikita , Totten Douglas J. , Louis Peter C. , Lewis James S. , Chowdhury Naweed I. , Turner Justin , Chandra Rakesh K.
Published: October 2020

Sinonasal small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (SNEC) is an extremely rare and aggressive neoplasm that can arise in the sinonasal region. These tumors are associated with high morbidity and mortality, are difficult to diagnose, and are hard to treat. We describe 2 cases of this poorly understood malignancy and review imaging, pathology, and treatment decisions. A 41-year-old male and a 64-year-old female presented to a tertiary center in 2019 after developing nasal obstruction and were found to have sinonasal masses on imaging. Both biopsies showed strong expression of pancytokeratin with dot-like reactivity and expression of neuroendocrine markers chromogranin and synaptophysin. The findings were diagnostic of SNEC. Staging positron emission tomography/computed tomography and brain MRI were performed, and patients were discussed at a multidisciplinary tumor board. Neither had distant metastatic disease at presentation. One patient had no intracranial or orbital disease and underwent a subtotal endoscopic resection with adjuvant chemoradiation. The other patient demonstrated middle cranial fossa, dural, and orbital involvement as well as cranial nerve V palsy. This patient was treated with induction chemotherapy, followed by concurrent chemoradiation. Both patients are presently alive at 4 months follow-up, but one with persistent local disease and the other distant metastasis. Sinonasal small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma is a rare and poorly understood malignancy with an aggressive clinical course. Continued careful review of pathology and study of molecular features are needed for improved understanding of SNEC, and particularly for head and neck SNEC, to establish a staging system and better formulate treatment protocols.
Multimorbidity among incident Finnish systemic lupus erythematosus patients during 2000–2017
Authors: Kariniemi Simo , Rantalaiho Vappu , Virta Lauri J , Puolakka Kari , Sokka-Isler Tuulikki , Elfving Pia
Published: October 2020

The objective of the study was to examine the risk of other morbidities among patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). A total of 1006 adult new-onset SLE patients were identified during 1.1.2000- 31.12.2014 from the register of Social Insurance Institution. For each case three general population controls matched according to age, sex and place of residence at the index day were sampled from the population register. Both groups were followed up from the index date until the end of 2017 or until death. The national register on specialized care was explored to gather broadly their 12 organ-specific morbidities, which were found among 91.2% of SLE patients and 66.7% of comparators. The rate ratio (RR) was elevated in almost all disease groups. Musculoskeletal, cardiovascular and genitourinary conditions were the most common comorbidities with RRs of 1.82 (1.68 to 1.97), 1.91 (1.76 to 2.08) and 1.91 (1.73 to 2.09), respectively. Men with SLE had a significantly higher risk for diseases of the genitourinary system and endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases compared to women with SLE. The risk of concurrent morbidities is essential to note in the care of SLE patients.
Numerical stress analysis in adhesively bonded joints under thermo-mechanical loading
Authors: Al-Ramahi Nawres J , Joffe Roberts , Varna Janis
Published: October 2020

The objective of this work is to evaluate the effect of residual thermal stresses, arising after assembling a single-lap joint at elevated temperature, on the inelastic thermo-mechanical stress state in the adhesive layer. The numerical analysis (FEM) employing linear and non-linear material models, with geometrical nonlinearity accounted for, is carried out. Simulating the mechanical response, the calculated thermal stresses are assigned as initial conditions to polymeric, composite and metallic joint members to reflect the loading sequence where the mechanical strain is applied to cooled-down structure. It is shown that the sequence of application matters and simulations with simultaneous application of temperature and strain give different result. Two scenarios for adhesive joints with composites are studied: joining by adhesive curing of already cured composite parts (two-step process) and curing the adhesive and the composite simultaneously in one-step (co-curing). Results show that while in-plane stresses in the adhesive are higher, the peaks of out-of-plane shear stress and peel stress (most responsible for the joint failure) at the end of the overlap are reduced due to thermal effects. In joints containing composite parts, the one-step joining scenario is more favorable than the two-step. The ply stacking sequence in the composite has significant effect on stress concentrations as well as on the plateau value of the shear stress in the adhesive.
Adoptive immunotherapy with CB following chemotherapy for patients with refractory myeloid malignancy: chimerism and response
Authors: Chaekal Ok-kyong , Scaradavou Andromachi , Masson Frenet Emeline , Albano Maria S. , Cushing Melissa , Desai Pinkal , Dobrila Ludy , Gergis Usama , Guarneri Danielle , Hsu Jing-Mei , Lee Sangmin , Mayer Sebastian A. , Phillips Adrienne A. , Orfali Nina , Ritchie Ellen K. , Roboz Gail J. , Romeo Cynthia , Samuel Michael S. , Shore Tsiporah , van Besien Koen
Published: October 2020

We conducted a prospective evaluation of cord blood (CB)–derived adoptive cell therapy, after salvage chemotherapy, for patients with advanced myeloid malignancies and poor prognosis. Previously, we reported safety, feasibility, and preliminary efficacy of this approach. We present updated results in 31 patients who received intensive chemotherapy followed by CB infusion and identify predictors of response. To enhance the antileukemic effect, we selected CB units (CBU) with shared inherited paternal antigens and/or noninherited maternal antigens with the recipients. Twenty-eight patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), 2 with myelodysplastic syndrome, and 1 in chronic myeloid leukemia myeloid blast crisis were enrolled; 9 had relapsed after allogeneic transplant. Response was defined as <5% blasts in hypocellular bone marrow at 2 weeks after treatment. Thirteen patients (42%) responded; a rate higher than historical data with chemotherapy only. Twelve had CBU-derived chimerism detected; chimerism was a powerful predictor of response (P < .001). CBU lymphocyte content and a prior transplant were associated with chimerism (P < .01). Safety was acceptable: 3 patients developed mild cytokine release syndrome, 2 had grade 1 and 2 had grade 4 graft-versus-host disease. Seven responders and 6 nonresponders (after additional therapy) received subsequent transplant; 5 are alive (follow-up, 5-47 months). The most common cause of death for nonresponders was disease progression, whereas for responders it was infection. CB-derived adoptive cell therapy is feasible and efficacious for refractory AML. Banked CBU are readily available for treatment. Response depends on chimerism, highlighting the graft-versus-leukemia effect of CB cell therapy. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT02508324.
Mogamulizumab for adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma: a multicenter prospective observational study
Authors: Yonekura Kentaro , Kusumoto Shigeru , Choi Ilseung , Nakano Nobuaki , Ito Asahi , Suehiro Youko , Imaizumi Yoshitaka , Yoshimitsu Makoto , Nosaka Kisato , Ohtsuka Eiichi , Hidaka Michihiro , Jo Tatsuro , Sasaki Hidenori , Moriuchi Yukiyoshi , Ogata Masao , Tatetsu Hiro , Ishitsuka Kenji , Miyazaki Yasushi , Ueda Ryuzo , Utsunomiya Atae , Ishida Takashi
Published: October 2020

Monitoring of Immune Responses Following Mogamulizumab-Containing Treatment in Patients with Adult T-Cell Leukemia-Lymphoma (ATL) (MIMOGA) is a multicenter prospective observational study to establish the most effective and safe treatment strategy using mogamulizumab for ATL patients (UMIN000008696). Mogamulizumab-naive patients were enrolled (n = 102), of whom 101 received mogamulizumab-containing treatment (68 acute, 18 lymphoma, 12 chronic, and 3 smoldering subtypes). At enrollment, there was a significant inverse correlation between serum soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) levels and percentages of Tax-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (Tax-CTLs) in the entire lymphocyte population or in the CD8+ T cell subset, but there was not a correlation with cytomegalovirus pp65–specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CMV-CTLs). The overall response rate was 65%, and median progression-free survival and overall survival (OS) were 7.4 and 16.0 months, respectively. A higher percentage of Tax-CTLs, but not CMV-CTLs, within the entire lymphocyte population or in the CD8+ T cell subset was significantly associated with longer survival. Multivariate analysis identified the clinical subtype (acute or lymphoma type), a higher sIL-2R level, and a lower percentage of CD2−CD19+ B cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells as significant independent unfavorable prognostic factors for OS. This indicates that a higher percentage of B cells might reflect some aspect of a favorable immune status leading to a good outcome with mogamulizumab treatment. In conclusion, the MIMOGA study has demonstrated that mogamulizumab exerts clinically meaningful antitumor activity in ATL. The patient’s immunological status before mogamulizumab was significantly associated with treatment outcome. Further time series immunological analyses, in addition to comprehensive genomic analyses, are warranted.
Case report series: management of complete ureteral avulsion with review of the relevant literature
Authors: Sert İbrahim Ünal , Aydın Arif
Published: October 2020

Background

Endoscopic operations and ureteroscopy have become the first choice for ureteral calculi and ureter-related operations. The ratios of the complications, which are mostly iatrogenic, range between 9 and 11%. Total ureteral avulsion during URS is quite rare with a prevalence of 0–0.3%. We present three total ureteral avulsions we experienced in our clinic during the last 2 years and their treatment.

Case presentation

During the last 2 years, we experienced three total ureteral avulsions: one of these occurred in our clinic and the other two occurred in an external center and were referred to us. In two cases, the omental flap was rotated after ureteral reimplantation and the ureter was completely wrapped inside the omental flap. In the third case, boari flap was formed from the bladder. Due to the presence of extrarenal wide renal pelvis, anastomosis was made with boari flap after a y–v flap was rotated on the renal pelvis. D-J stents of the patients were removed at the end of 3 months. Although there was mild hydronephrosis, parenchymal thinning and a significant decrease in functions were not observed. Ureteral avulsion of the patients was successfully managed without the need for nephrectomy.

Conclusion

Ureteral avulsion management is an extremely difficult condition for both the surgeon and the patient. So, the most important thing is to prevent ureteral avulsion. Ureteroplasty and omental flap treatment are applicable methods with quite successful results for complete ureteral avulsions.
Disruptive natural selection by male reproductive potential prevents underexpression of protein-coding genes on the human Y chromosome as a self-domestication syndrome
Authors: Ponomarenko Mikhail , Kleshchev Maxim , Ponomarenko Petr , Chadaeva Irina , Sharypova Ekaterina , Rasskazov Dmitry , Kolmykov Semyon , Drachkova Irina , Vasiliev Gennady , Gutorova Natalia , Ignatieva Elena , Savinkova Ludmila , Bogomolov Anton , Osadchuk Ludmila , Osadchuk Alexandr , Oshchepkov Dmitry
Published: October 2020

Background

In population ecology, the concept of reproductive potential denotes the most vital indicator of chances to produce and sustain a healthy descendant until his/her reproductive maturity under the best conditions. This concept links quality of life and longevity of an individual with disease susceptibilities encoded by his/her genome. Female reproductive potential has been investigated deeply, widely, and comprehensively in the past, but the male one has not received an equal amount of attention. Therefore, here we focused on the human Y chromosome and found candidate single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers of male reproductive potential.

Results

Examining in silico (i.e., using our earlier created Web-service SNP_TATA_Z-tester) all 1206 unannotated SNPs within 70 bp proximal promoters of all 63 Y-linked genes, we found 261 possible male-reproductive-potential SNP markers that can significantly alter the binding affinity of TATA-binding protein (TBP) for these promoters. Among them, there are candidate SNP markers of spermatogenesis disorders (e.g., rs1402972626), pediatric cancer (e.g., rs1483581212) as well as male anxiety damaging family relationships and mother’s and children’s health (e.g., rs187456378). First of all, we selectively verified in vitro both absolute and relative values of the analyzed TBP–promoter affinity, whose Pearson’s coefficients of correlation between predicted and measured values were r = 0.84 (significance p <  0.025) and r = 0.98 (p <  0.025), respectively. Next, we found that there are twofold fewer candidate SNP markers decreasing TBP–promoter affinity relative to those increasing it, whereas in the genome-wide norm, SNP-induced damage to TBP–promoter complexes is fourfold more frequent than SNP-induced improvement (p <  0.05, binomial distribution). This means natural selection against underexpression of these genes. Meanwhile, the numbers of candidate SNP markers of an increase and decrease in male reproductive potential were indistinguishably equal to each other (p <  0.05) as if male self-domestication could have happened, with its experimentally known disruptive natural selection. Because there is still not enough scientific evidence that this could have happened, we discuss the human diseases associated with candidate SNP markers of male reproductive potential that may correspond to domestication-related disorders in pets.

Conclusions

Overall, our findings seem to support a self-domestication syndrome with disruptive natural selection by male reproductive potential preventing Y-linked underexpression of a protein.
The story of the lost twins: decoding the genetic identities of the Kumhar and Kurcha populations from the Indian subcontinent
Authors: Das Ranajit , Ivanisenko Vladimir A. , Anashkina Anastasia A. , Upadhyai Priyanka
Published: October 2020

Background

The population structure of the Indian subcontinent is a tapestry of extraordinary diversity characterized by the amalgamation of autochthonous and immigrant ancestries and rigid enforcement of sociocultural stratification. Here we investigated the genetic origin and population history of the Kumhars, a group of people who inhabit large parts of northern India. We compared 27 previously published Kumhar SNP genotype data sampled from Uttar Pradesh in north India to various modern day and ancient populations.

Results

Various approaches such as Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Admixture, TreeMix concurred that Kumhars have high ASI ancestry, minimal Steppe component and high genomic proximity to the Kurchas, a small and relatively little-known population found ~ 2500 km away in Kerala, south India. Given the same, biogeographical mapping using Geographic Population Structure (GPS) assigned most Kumhar samples in areas neighboring to those where Kurchas are found in south India.

Conclusions

We hypothesize that the significant genomic similarity between two apparently distinct modern-day Indian populations that inhabit well separated geographical areas with no known overlapping history or links, likely alludes to their common origin during or post the decline of the Indus Valley Civilization (estimated by ALDER). Thereafter, while they dispersed towards opposite ends of the Indian subcontinent, their genomic integrity and likeness remained preserved due to endogamous social practices. Our findings illuminate the genomic history of two Indian populations, allowing a glimpse into one or few of numerous of human migrations that likely occurred across the Indian subcontinent and contributed to shape its varied and vibrant evolutionary past.
Cardiology on the cutting edge: updates from the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Congress 2020
Authors: Gallego-Colon Enrique , Bonaventura Aldo , Vecchié Alessandra , Cannatà Antonio , Fitzpatrick Ciarán Martin
Published: October 2020

The 2020 annual Congress of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) was the first ever to be held virtually. Under the spotlight of ‘the cutting edge of cardiology’, exciting and ground-breaking cardiovascular (CV) science was presented both in basic and clinical research. This commentary summarizes essential updates from ESC 2020—The Digital Experience. Despite the challenges that coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has posed on the conduct of clinical trials, the ESC Congress launched the results of major studies bringing innovation to the field of general cardiology, cardiac surgery, heart failure, interventional cardiology, and atrial fibrillation. In addition to three new ESC guidelines updates, the first ESC Guidelines on Sports Cardiology and Exercise in Patients with Cardiovascular Disease were presented. As former ESC president, Professor Casadei undoubtedly pointed out the ESC Congress 2020 was a great success. During the ESC 2020 Congress, BMC Cardiovascular Disorders updated to seven journal sections including Arrhythmias and Electrophysiology, CV Surgery, Coronary Artery Disease, Epidemiology and Digital health, Hypertension and Vascular biology, Primary prevention and CV Risk, and Structural Diseases, Heart Failure, and Congenital Disorders. To conclude, an important take-home message for all CV health care professionals engaged in the COVID-19 pandemic is that we must foresee and be prepared to tackle the dramatic, long-term CV complications of COVID-19 patients.
Comparison of endoscopic and pathological findings of the upper gastrointestinal tract in transplant candidate patients undergoing hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis treatment: a review of literature
Authors: Usta Mehmet , Ersoy Alparslan , Ayar Yavuz , Ocakoğlu Gökhan , Yuzbasioglu Bilgehan , Erdem Emrullah Düzgün , Erdogan Omer
Published: October 2020

Background

Dyspepsia is a common disorder in kidney transplant recipients, and the risk of post-transplant complications is increased in candidates with upper gastrointestinal disease. We evaluated gastrointestinal lesions of kidney transplant candidates on dialysis.

Methods

In this study, endoscopic and pathological findings in hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients with gastrointestinal symptoms on the waiting list were compared.

Results

The most common non-ulcerous lesions in the endoscopic examination were gastritis (62.3%), erosive gastritis (38.7%), duodenal erosion or duodenitis (18.9%) and esophagitis (13.2%). The ulcerous lesion was present in only 3 patients. Gastroesophageal reflux disease, ulcerated lesion and non-ulcerated lesion rates were similar in both dialysis groups. Histopathological examination revealed Helicobacter pylori (HP) positivity in 28.3% of patients. HP positivity rate was significantly higher in PD patients than in HD patients (38.7% vs. 13.6%, p = 0.046). Chronic gastritis (75.5%) was the most common pathological finding. HP positivity rate was 37.5% in patients with chronic gastritis, but HP was negative in patients without chronic gastritis. In multivariate analysis, male gender, urea and albumin levels were associated with the presence of pathological chronic gastritis. The presence of gastritis, total cholesterol and ferritin levels were found significant for HP positivity. A total cholesterol > 243 mg/dL was significantly related to an increased risk of the presence of HP positivity.

Conclusions

Gastrointestinal lesions and HP infection are common in dialysis patients. Dialysis modality may affect the frequency of some lesions. It may be useful to have an endoscopic examination before entering the transplant waiting list for all candidates.
The Association of Oral Health Status, demographic characteristics and socioeconomic determinants with Oral health-related quality of life among children: a systematic review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Moghaddam Ladan Fattah , Vettore Mario Vianna , Bayani Azadeh , Bayat Amir-Hossien , Ahounbar Elahe , Hemmat Morteza , Armoon Bahram , Fakhri Yadolah
Published: October 2020

Background

Health-related quality of life (HQoL) indicators are considered valid measures of patient assessment in physical, mental and oral healthcare. This study aimed to examine the evidence on the relationship of oral health status, demographic and socioeconomic characteristics with oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in children.

Methods

Studies in English published up to December 2019 were searched on PsycINFO, PubMed, SciELO, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. Epidemiological studies simultaneously assessing sociodemographic factors related to oral health (age, income, gender, maternal education), oral health measures (orthodontic treatment needs, dental caries and periodontal disease) and OHRQoL in children aged 3–12 years were included. Methodological quality was assessed using a Critical Appraisal Checklist. Meta-analysis was used to estimate pooled measures between sociodemographic factors and oral health measures with OHRQoL.

Results

Eleven articles were included. Lower children’s age (3–5 years vs > 5), gender (girls vs boys), lower income (< 70$ vs ≥ $70), low maternal education (≤ 6 vs > 6 years) were associated with poor OHRQoL among children. Orthodontic treatment needs, dental caries and periodontal diseases were also associated with poor children’s OHRQoL. Meta-regression showed that Human Development Index, sample size, year of publication and participant’s age were relevant aspects that influenced the above mentioned relationships.

Conclusions

Our findings suggest that oral health promotion strategies to improve children’s OHRQoL should consider the social and environmental where they live as well their oral health status. Further longitudinal studies are needed to explore the determinants of OHQoL in children.