bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PHYTOTOMASS OF ROBINIA PSEUDOACACIA L. TRUNK COMPONENTS IN THE PLANTED BLACK LOCUST STANDS WITHIN NORTHERN STEPPE ZONE OF UKRAINE
Authors: Sytnyk S. A.
Published: February 2019

The results of simulation of the above-ground phytomass of the components of Black locust tree trunks in the planted stands within the Northern Steppe zone of Ukraine are presented. Correlation and statistical analyses of the data set from model trees were carried out. A reliable strong correlation between the formation of the trunk timber volume and the volume of the trunk in the bark and the values of the diameter of the trunk and the height of the trees were established. The mathematical dependences for estimating the volume of the black locust trunk fractions, namely, the volume of the trunk timber, the volume of the trunk bark and the volume of the trunk in the bark, were developed as two- and three-factor mathematical models. The graphical interpretation of changes in the trunk volume in the bark of trees at the constant height was presented under the developed mathematical model. The results of the development of normative support for evaluation of components of the trunk phytomass in freshly cut and absolutely dry conditions were given.
A COMPREHENSIVE ASSESSMENT OF CANDIDATES TO SYNTHETIC VARIETY-POPULATIONS IN THE SCOTS PINE VARIETY TESTS IN GUTYANSKE FOREST ENTERPRISE
Authors: Dyshko V. A. , Torosova L. O.
Published: February 2019

The article presents the results of the examination of Scots pine progenies from nine clonal seed orchards (CSO) and one permanent forest seed stand (PFSS), which were potential synthetic variety-populations, as well as of their regional control variants (Kharkiv, Kyiv, Rivne and Volyn regions). All the progenies were tested in the Gutyanske Forest Enterprise in Kharkiv region. Mensuration and breeding indicators and state and level of resin productivity were estimated. At the age of 20, three out of ten potential variety-populations exceeded local control by the heights and diameters. The variants from the eastern and central regions were better than western ones by the breeding structure and state category. Only one candidate to the variety-population exceeded local control by the level of resin productivity, the rest ones were somewhat lower. In seven variants, the proportion of trees with higher resistance to phytopathology, in particular, to the annosum root rot, were higher (Pst = 45…50 %) than in the control (Pst = 40 %). The correlation between the resin productivity and the growth characteristics were weak (for diameter, r = 0,32 ± 0,055; for height, r = 0,17 ± 0,057). The results of integrated point assessment of candidates to variety-populations indicated the feasibility of using seeds from CSO and PFSS to create Scots pine stands to be potentially resistant to phytopathogenic diseases.
PECULIARITIES OF GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF TURKISH HAZELNUT (CORYLUS COLURNA L.) IN STANDS OF THE GREEN ZONES OF KHARKIV NATIONAL AGRARIAN UNIVERSITY NAMED AFTER V. V. DOKUCHAEV
Authors: Kolchanova О. V. , Los S. A. , Sytnik I. Y.
Published: February 2019

The growth, development, selection structure, and condition of Turkish hazelnut in the plantations of the parks of the Kharkiv National Agrarian University were studied in conditions of Kharkiv region. The article analyzes the growth of 22 to 40 years old Turkish hazelnut trees by height and diameter on five sites. In all cases, the hazelnut trees considerably exceeded the oaks by diameter and were slightly behind by the height. The Turkish hazelnut stands had a good selection structure and condition. An integrated approach to assessing the selection value of stands was used. Three of the five observed stands were found to be perspective by a combination of characteristics, i. e. suitable for the forest planting, protective stands creation, and landscaping. In all the surveyed plots, the trees produced viable seeds and seedlings and had a high degree of acclimatization in the Kharkov region.
Altlettgallische Lehnwörter im Mordwinischen?
Authors: Junttila Santeri
Published: February 2019

Old Latgalian loanwords in Mordvin?

Grünthal (2012) has counted 36 Baltic loanwords in Mordvin and divided them into two chronological layers according to their vowel substitutions. These borrowings have usually been connected to extinct Baltic dialects of the Dnepr and Oka basins, distinct from East Baltic. This article suggests some phonological and morphological evidence of an Old Latgalian origin for some Mordvin lexical items. They include (1) analogical a-present in OLtg *reďa ~ *redźa ‘to see’ → PMord. *räťa- ‘to notice’; (2) OLtg dź- → PMord. ś- in *śiŕä ‘good’, ?*śivä ‘wage’ and ?*śimeni ‘relative, friend’; (3) OLtg. ‑dź- → PMord. -ť- in *räťa-; (4) OLtg. -s- / ‑z‑ → PMord. -s- in *pusma ‘bunch, bundle’ and *riśmä ‘chain, rope’; (5) EBalt. ei ~ PMord. eji in *pejili ‘knife’ vs. EBalt. ie ~ PMord. e, i in *leppä ‘alder’ and *likä ‘another, else’. The article also presents new loan etymologies for PMord. *śiŕä ‘good’ and ?*śivä ‘wage’.
Combining Proto-Scandinavian loanword strata in South Saami with the Early Iron Age archaeological material of Jämtland and Dalarna, Sweden
Authors: Piha Minerva
Published: February 2019

In this article, I will examine South Saami prehistory from the perspectives of archaeology and historical lexicology. I will present a theoretical model that can be applied to a multidisciplinary research that uses methodologies from both the sciences and test it using South Saami material. My linguistic data consists of North-West Germanic and Early Proto-Scandinavian loanwords in South Saami. These loanword strata can be dated to 1–550 CE. I will make an inventory of the semantic categories of the words in the loanword strata to see from which domains words were borrowed. I will also examine the prominent individual words that might have significance as intercultural markers. The archaeological material used in the research includes hunting ground graves, iron manufacturing sites and dwelling sites in Dalarna and Jämtland, Sweden. I will consider remain types, artefact finds and remain structures dated to 1–550 CE. Only those sites that have been excavated will be included in the data. I will correlate the lexical finds with the archaeological find groups in order to examine what the datasets together reveal about contacts between the South Saami and Scandinavian speakers. The combination of archaeological and lexical research gives new advantages and perspectives to the study of prehistory. The study brings new evidence for the prior hypothesis about South Saami speakers as domestic animal herders. The combination of the sciences also reveals that the earliest hunting ground graves should be considered to have belonged to a non-Saami speaking Paleo-European people.
Sprachmaterial und Grammatik zum livländischen Livisch
Authors: Inaba Nobufumi
Published: February 2019

BesprechungSalis-Livisch I. J. A. Sjögrens Manuskript. Ediert, glossiert und übersetzt von Eberhard Winkler und Karl Pajusalu. Veröffentlichungen der Societas Uralo-Altaica Band 88. Göttingen: Harrassowitz Verlag 2016. 392 S.Salis-Livisch II. Grammatik und Wörterverzeichnis. Auf der Grundlage von J. A. Sjögren Sprachmaterialien verfasst von Eberhard Winkler und Karl Pajusalu. Veröffentlichungen der Societas Uralo-Altaica Band 89. Göttingen: Harrassowitz Verlag 2018. 403 S.
Lars-Gunnar Larsson: Per Holmberger och sockenlapparnas språk [Per Holmberger und die Sprache der Gemeindelappen]
Authors: Saarinen Sirkka
Published: February 2019

Kurzrezension Lars-Gunnar Larsson: Per Holmberger och sockenlapparnas språk [Per Holmberger und die Sprache der Gemeindelappen]. Acta Bibliothecae R. Universitatis Upsaliensis 52. Uppsala, 2018. 274 S.
Johanna Laakso, Anneli Sarhimaa, Sia Spiliopoulou Åkermark & Reetta Toivanen: Towards openly multilingual policies and practices. Assessing minority language maintenance across Europe
Authors: Saarinen Sirkka
Published: February 2019

Kurzrezension Johanna Laakso, Anneli Sarhimaa, Sia Spiliopoulou Åkermark & Reetta Toivanen: Towards openly multilingual policies and practices. Assessing minority language maintenance across Europe. Linguistic diversity and language rights: 11. Multilingual matters. Bristol – Buffalo – Toronto 2016. 259 S.
Hans-Hermann Bartens (Hrsg., Übers., Komm.): Sagen aus Lappland
Authors: Saarinen Sirkka
Published: February 2019

Kurzrezension Sagen aus Lappland. Herausgegeben, übersetzt und kommentiert von Hans-Hermann Bartens. Berlin: Frank und Timme 2018. 463 S.
Tamás Hofer 1929–2016
Authors: Lehtinen Ildikó
Published: February 2019

Nekrolog Tamás Hofer 1929–2016
Karakteristik Penataan Ruang dan Fasilitas Publik Pada Kampung Pulau Belimbing
Authors: Al Husaini Muhd. Arief
Published: February 2019

The modernization of urban development should not lose the values of traditional principles and local wisdom. According to decentralization development strategic, in creating friendly city should be closely related to traditional inhabitation wisdom. Pulau Belimbing traditional neighborhood has practiced local wisdom values in planning and designing of public space and facilities for hundreds of years. The traditional kampong is developed with the characteristics of space fairness and equal accessibility to accommodate the needs of local tribes. The knowledge and application of such wisdom could help in the planning of friendly city development, especially in Malay land. The aim of this paper is to review the characteristic of public space and facilities planning in Pulau Belimbing traditional neighborhood. This research applies naturalistic paradigm with qualitative approach and diachronic reading as the tool of analysis. The study indicates that Pulau Belimbing traditional neighborhood has implemented the principles of friendly city in planning of public space and facilities. The tradition inhabitation wisdom can be model for the development of future city, especially in public spaces provision.
A Date Palm Disease (Bunch Blight) Caused by Acremonium strictum (Cephalosporium) in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Rashed Mohammad F.
Published: February 2019

Acrimonium strictum is reported as a new causal agent of a disease it names (bunch blight) in date palm (phoenix dactylefera) in Saudi Arabia. Symptoms and necrosis caused by A. strictum in susceptible cultivars showed small brown necrosis streak at midrib of fruit stalk in an early stage. There was an increase in number and size as the disease progresses; then extended to the bases of fruit strands due to death of bases and strands wilt, the infection of fruit strand caused drying the fruits and their fall. A. strictum attacks the bunches and move quickly inside and out the tissues causing brown necrosis and death of the tissues. A. strictum was isolated and pathogenicity tests were repeated more than once during two seasons and the identifications was caried several ways to confirm The confirmation of results by Biolog technique and DNA sequence were done. The proper temperature for infection was between 20-30 °C and the optimum 25 °C. When testing the susceptibility of varieties of infection, more varieties like Medjool, Saqae and Kholas were susceptible to infection and the most resistant to infection were Barhy and Khidri. The best results in the control of the fungus in vitro were due to use of Karpendazem followed Topsen M70, at the same time, the worst results were seen with the use of Abredion followed Karant (Cupper hydroxide).
Influence of Different Nitrogen Sources on Growth and Pathogenic Capability of Rhizoctonia solani Causing Root Rot of Faba Bean
Authors: Mostafa Mostafa H. , Mohamed Maha H.
Published: February 2019

The effect of different nitrogen sources (glucosamine sulfate, ammonium sulfate, aspartic acid, phenylalanine and peptone) in comparison to sodium nitrate, the major nitrogen compound in basal agar Czapek’s synthetic medium growth were studied on the linear growth of Rhizoctonia solani and its pathogenicity on faba bean germinated seeds. Ammonium sulfate exhibited faster liner growth and showed the same effect as the basal medium with sodium nitrate while glucosamine sulfate showed less growth rate compared with sodium nitrate. Glucosamine sulfate and ammonium sulfate showed a significant reduction in number of infection cushions which led to significant decrease of disease index in vitro. Under greenhouse conditions, glucosamine sulfate or peptone as a sole nitrogen sources in food requirements of Rhizoctonia solani inoculum depressed the virulence of the fungus. The effect of different amounts of glucosamine sulfate was determined on fungal growth rate, infection cushions, disease index in vitro and polyphenol oxidase activity. Increasing amount of glucosamine sulfate showed significant reduction of growth rate in comparison to the basal medium with sodium nitrate. All seeds subjected to R. solani grown on different amount of glucosamine sulfate showed the lower number of infection cushions, disease index and polyphenol oxidase activity compared with sodium nitrate. Under greenhouse conditions, disease index showed a significantly decreased effect when glucosamine sulfate used as soil applications and showed better effect on shoot weight and root weight compared with control plants treated with sodium nitrate. Our study proposes that glucosamine sulfate may act as controlling factor of pathogenicity genes of R. solani
Morpho-Molecular Identification, Pathogenicity Variation, Mating Biology, and Fumonisin Production of Fusarium Species in Zea mays L.
Authors: Atabaki Narges , Rahjoo Vahid , Hanafi Mohamed M. , Abiri Rambod , Zadeh Hamidreza Z. , Zamani Majid , Sahebi Mahbod , Valdiani Alireza
Published: February 2019

Fusarium verticillioides and Fusarium proliferatum cause a wide range of maize diseases.  These fungi produce dangerous mycotoxins, such as fumonisin B1, which are important threats to humans and animals. Given this predicament, the present study aimed to identify the fungi both molecular-morphologically and also investigate the pathogenicity variation and mating type of 41 Fusarium strains in maize (Zea mays L.) samples with sifting their fumonisin contents.  Furthermore, species-specific primers for the molecular identification of distinct strains amplified 2 fragments of 578 and 800 bp in Fusarium verticillioides, while a single 585 bp band was amplified in Fusarium proliferatum.  Accordingly, 24 isolates out of 41 were identified as F. verticillioides, and 13 isolates were identified as F. proliferatum.  The fumonisin-producing and non-producing Fusarium strains were identified using the VERTF-1/VERTF-2 primers.  A total of 24 isolates of F. verticillioides were positively scored based on the amplification of a single 400 bp fragment.  The highest and lowest fumonisin content, as measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), belonged to strains MS1 and MG3, respectively, and ranged from 960-12673 and 4.07-23 ppm, respectively.  Additionally, the mating type test showed that the sexual form of the studied Fusarium species could possibly belong to the A and D mating populations.  In vivo and in vitro pathogenicity tests revealed a high susceptibility.
First Report of Phytophthora capsici Infection on Bell Peppers (Capsicum annuum L.) from Punjab, Pakistan
Authors: Hyder Sajjad , Inam-ul-Haq Muhammad , Ahmed Raees , Gondal Amjad S. , Fatima Nida , Hanan Abdul , Zhao Youfu F.
Published: February 2019

Bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) is one of the extensively cultivated vegetable crop in Punjab, Pakistan. During two years of field surveys, February-November 2016-17, damping off and blight symptoms were observed. Average seedling mortality was recorded as 18.7% while yield loss due to blight was estimated 32 to 41% at mature stages. Maximum blight infection was recorded from the areas frequently flooded with canal irrigation system. At early stages, lesions were noticed on stem portions at soil line level while at crop maturity stages blight symptoms were noted. Leaves were blanched and wilted while fruits were covered with white mold. Masses of sporangia were evident on and inside the infected fruits under humid conditions. A total of twelve isolates were recovered from infected root, stem and fruit portions on rye agar media (Caten and Jinks, 1968) incubated at 25oC under fluorescent light. Papillated sporangia were averaged 42 ± 2.6 X 27 ± 1.7 μm in size (range 27 - 52 × 23 - 36 μm). Oospores were produced on 20% V8 agar and were spherical 22 ± 1.4 μm in diameter (range 14 to 27 μm) while average pedicels length was recorded as 58 ± 12.5 μm (range 13 to 120 μm). These observations were similar to those described for P. capsici (Cocoa, 1988). DNA was extracted using Cetyl Trimethylammonium Bromide (CTAB) method and the internal transcribed spacer regions (ITS1 and ITS2) were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (White et al., 1990). The amplicons were purified and sequenced in both directions (GenBank Accession No. MF322868 and MF322869). BLAST analysis revealed these isolates showed 99% identity with ITS sequences of Phytophthora capsici (KM369964 and KU518782). Pathogenicity assay was performed on healthy bell pepper seedlings with five repeats. Soil was flooded with 20ml sporangial suspension (1 x 103 sporangia/ml) in pots containing seedlings while 5ml suspension was sprayed until run off on mature plants (Hyder et al., 2018). A set of uninoculated seedlings was used as control. Pots were kept in dew chamber for 10-20 days at 25±2 oC. Seedling mortality was observed five days after inoculation while at later stage plants develop brown-to-black stem lesions with white mycelial growth on leaves. These symptoms were identical to the P. capsici infections in field. Consistent re-isolations of P. capsici confirm its association with the disease. To our knowledge, this is the first report of Phytophthora blight on bell pepper from Pakistan
Elicitation of Phytoalexin rishitin in Potato Tuber Slices Infected by Fusarium spp., Does it Consider a Factor of Pathogenicity?
Authors: Mostafa Mostafa H.
Published: February 2019

Potato tubers, under storage conditions, suffer from Fusarium dry rot disease caused by Fusarium spp. leading to devastating losses of stored tubers.  Newly harvested tubers are resistance toward Fusarium infection, but disease becomes more vigorous by increasing storage period.  Inoculation of potato tuber slices of Desiree cv. (highly susceptible) or Spunta cv. (highly resistant) either by a weak pathogen (F. moniliforme) or severe pathogen (F. solani) and tracking accumulation of phytoalexin rishitin in inoculated tissues at different intervals from inoculation revealed that Desiree cv. accumulated high amounts of rishitin in a very short time in comparison to another three tested situations. Dipping of potato tuber slices of both cvs. in different concentrations of the known antibiotic chloramphenicol prior to inoculation with a weak pathogen (F. moniliforme) led to increased disease severity associated with accumulation huge amounts of rishitin in inoculated tissues. The correlation coefficient between disease severity and rishitin production was +0.83.  Moreover, the reaction of spunta cv. toward inoculation by a weak pathogen was changed from the state of resistance to very severe susceptibility.  Since chloramphenicol affects protein synthesis on 70S ribosome’s, it was postulated that it prevents synthesis of factor(s) take a part in cell death during infection. Mitochondria extracted from potato tuber tissues secret compound(s) decreased rishitin synthesis in potato tuber slices treated with mycelia extract of F. solani. Treatment of isolated mitochondria with this antibiotic led to the elimination of this factor(s) from their secretions. Results obtained revealed that the elicitation of phytoalexins may consider one of pathogenicity factor of such system.
Diagnostic Survey of Pineapple Heart Rot Disease in Lake Victoria Crescent Basin of Uganda
Authors: Bosco Bua , Akasairi Ocwa , Jasper Oculi
Published: February 2019

Pineapple (Ananas comosus L. Merril) is a key horticultural crop in tropical and sub-tropical countries valued for its economic and nutritional importance. However, the recent outbreak of pineapple heart rot disease (PHRD) in Uganda is a serious threat to production. Yet, information on the prevalence, incidence and severity is limited and scanty. This study, therefore, assessed the prevalence, incidence and severity of pineapple heart rot disease in the districts of Masaka, Luwero, Kayunga and Mukono in the Lake Victoria crescent of Uganda in 2015. Semi-structured questionnaires were used to solicit information from 216 respondents. Data collected was analyzed using descriptive statistics of SPSS computer package versions 16.0. Varying incidences and severities of pineapple heart rot disease was observed in all fields surveyed. The disease was more prevalent in Kayunga than Masaka districts, respectively. Overall, 48% and 05% pineapple fields were infected with pineapple heart rot disease in Kayunga and Masaka district, respectively. Similarly, the highest and the lowest disease incidence were recorded in Kayunga and Masaka district, respectively. Overall, the incidence and severity varied from field to field. The findings have therefore shown that pineapple heart rot disease is widespread and devastating in central Uganda. Therefore, there is a need for the policymakers to priorities resources to develop an appropriate disease management strategy to combat this devastating epidemic to save the pineapple industry.
First Report of Botrytis cinerea Causing Gray Mold Disease on Peach from Pakistan
Authors: Ahmed Raees , Gondal Amjad S. , Khan Muhammad Tariq , Shahzaman Shazia , Hyder Sajjad
Published: February 2019

Gray mold caused by Botrytis cinerea is an important disease that attacks fruits, leaves and twigs of peach. Peach is grown on an area of 18,008 ha with an average production of 72,085 tons per year in Pakistan (FAO, 2017). During May 2017, brown spots on 33% of the peach fruits examined were observed in Swat district of KPK province of Pakistan. Infected fruits were incubated at 25±2 °C in a humid chamber resulted in greyish mycelial growth with light brown lesions. Hyphal growths on infected fruits were cultured on PDA media and purified by hyphal tip method. Morphologically whitish grey growth was observed on PDA and later on dark sclerotia were observed after 6-7 days of incubation. Hyphae were found septate with branched hyaline conidiophores having a bunch of ovoid conidia at their tips. Further confirmations were done by amplifying internal transcribed spacer regions (Andrew et al., 2009) and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (G3PDH) region of the isolates (Li et al., 2012). Amplicons sequenced from Macrogen Korea were blasted and submitted in NCBI showed that ITS sequences (Accessions MH049690 and MH049691) were 99% identical with already reported (MG878388 and MG654661) sequences and the G3PDH gene sequences (Accessions MH560352 and MH560353) were 99 % identical with already reported (Accessions MG204876) sequences of B. cinerea. Pathogenicity was confirmed on healthy peach fruits disinfected with 50% ethanol, inoculated by placing a plug of about 1cm2 taken from the edge of actively growing B. cinerea isolate (BTS-16). Fruits were incubated at 25±2 °C in a humid chamber (Abata et al., 2016). A set of healthy fruits mock-inoculated with a plug of agar medium were used as control. Three days after inoculation, inoculated fruits showed sunken lesions with cottony greyish mycelial growth on their surface. Fungus isolated from these infections was re-confirmed as B. cinerea. Conducive environment for the disease progression in nearby areas can result into a huge loss in peach produce so there is a need to devise management strategies to cope with the pathogen. This is the first report of gray mold disease of peach caused by B. cinerea from Pakistan.
Goverment Management Transformation in Bandung Regency West Java, Indonesia (A Study at Department of Education and Culture)
Authors: Kartini Dede Sri
Published: February 2019

Transformation is a transtition process from a certain period to the next phase, which happens due to the presence of innovation or alteration, wheter in structural or prosedural aspects, planned or unplanned. “ Basically, transformation is a continous process. It includes reframing, resructuring, revitalization and renewal. Bandung regency had held regional general elections (Pilkada) in 2015, and already transformed its goverment management, Eventough the Regent himself, as incumbent usually faces difficulties to implement transformation inside his burreucracy system. By using qualitative and descriptive method, the researcers had interviewed the Regent of Bandung, Chief of Bappeda (Regional Development Planning Agency), Chief of Department of Education and Non Govermental Organizations in Education sector. The result of this research described that in reframing aspects, the education system have been altering from the current progress, not only depended on Startegic Planning , but also acomodated new ideas to encourage the success of educational programs. Meanwhile, for recruiting aspects, the goverments found difficulties since the regulations  from the National Goverment was not suitable within the needs in Bandung Regency. The revitalization aspects cannot be implemented yet, eventhough the Chief of Educations has already figure up the problem, such as the importance in buid Vocational School in Agriculture and Animal Husbandry. For renewal aspects, the goverment established “Edu Share” to socialize , facilitate and distribute scholarsips , and Doctorates Forum in Bandung Regency. Eventough the institutions is build outside the autority of Department of Education. The researchers concluded that , the shape of transformation in goverment management, especially in educational aspect has been dominated by the rules, whom did not able to adapt into the surrounding area, especially in Bandung Regency. Based on this condition, it is highly recommended, for the Chief of Education to be able to create activites which is consistent with the current rules, but also be able to satisfy the needs of society.Keywords: Reframing, Restructuring, Revitalizations, Renewal
Stakeholders’ Perspectives on Border Region Development: West Southeast Maluku, Indonesia
Authors: Anggeraini Nuzula , Keban Yeremias T. , Matsunami Jun
Published: February 2019

Border regions are geographically presented with potential economic benefits. However, some of these areas have not been able to take advantage of their strategic geographic locality. This is also the case for border areas in Indonesia. There is a spectrum of perceptions by stakeholders on how border regions, particularly international borders, should be developed. This study sought to capture the perspectives of Indonesian stakeholders on border region development, and the extent of influence such perspectives have in the policy of border areas development with a case study in West Southeast Maluku The research was conducted using qualitative method with in-depth interviews as the primary collecting data technique. The results show that despite perceptions of stakeholders who view West Southeast Maluku as an area of insecurity, they also see the potential of the area to be developed as a gateway, area of opportunity, zone of contacts and zone of cooperation. However, the current policies and strategies of the development of border areas do not exemplify such perceptions, and the formulation of such policies is likely to be dominated by state-level stakeholders, despite the fact that local level stakeholders have a more comprehensive understanding of the needs of their areas.
WORK MOTIVATION AND WORK ENVIRONMENT MODERATING OF WORK SATISFACTION ON THE EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE DEPARTMENT OF COOPERATION AND SMEs PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT WEST SUMATRA
Authors: Huseno Tun
Published: February 2019

This study aims to examine the effect of job satisfaction on the employee performance of the Cooperative and SMEs of the West Sumatra Provincial Government, the influence of work motivation on the employee performance of the Cooperative and SMEs of the West Sumatra Provincial Government, the influence of the work environment on the employee performance of the Cooperative and and SMEs of the West Sumatra Provincial Government, work motivation moderates job satisfaction on the employee performance of the Cooperatives and and SMEs the West Sumatra Provincial Government, the work environment moderates the influence of job satisfaction on the employee performance of the Cooperatives and SMEs Office of the West Sumatra Provincial Government. This research was conducted at the Department of Cooperatives and SMEs of the West Sumatra Provincial Governmentwith a population of 98 people, using the Slovin formula from a population of 98 people obtained a sample of 79 people. Data collected by distributing questionnaires to all employees of the Department of Cooperatives and SMEs of the West Sumatra Provincial Government. Analysis method uses variance based least square (PLS). The results showed that there was a significant effect of job satisfaction on the employee performance of the Department Cooperatives and SMEs of the West Sumatra Provincial Government there is a significant effect of work motivation on the employee performance of the Department Cooperatives and SMEs officials of the West Sumatra Provincial Government, there is a significant influence of the work environment on the employee performance of the Department Cooperatives and SMEs of the West Sumatra Provincial Government, work motivation moderates the influence of job satisfaction on the employee performance of the Provincial Government's Cooperatives and SMEs West Sumatra, and the work environment does not moderate the influence of job satisfaction on the employee performance of the Department Cooperatives and SMEs Office of the West Sumatra Provincial Government
KAJIAN REFORMASI BIROKRASI DI BADAN PUSAT STATISTIK SEBAGAI SISTEM TERBUKA
Authors: Anggorowati Yuni
Published: February 2019

The purpose of the research is to analyze the bureaucratic reform process at the Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS-Statistics Indonesia). The research used  organizational approach as an open system. This approach is carried out to provide an overview of how BPS strategic environment, as a source of information to review the background, processes and achievements of bureaucratic reform. As the basis for formulating policies, especially improving human resources and public services. This study uses descriptive methods to examine each stage of the bureaucratic reform process. the results of this study shows that the BPS bureaucratic reform is a process of adaptation to environmental changes to reach a higher level.
SOME SPECIAL CURVES IN DUAL 3-SPACE
Authors: YILMAZ Beyhan
Published: February 2019

Rectifying, normal and osculating curves have been worked on many times in dierent spaces. The aim of this paper is to characterize these curves from another point of view in three dimensional Dual space.
DEFORMATION RETRACT OF A DIGITAL H-SPACE
Authors: DEMİRALP Sibel , HAÇAT Gülnur
Published: February 2019

In this study we investigate some properties of
digital H-spaces and digital H-groups. It is shown that a _-deformation retract
of a digital H-group is itself a digital H-group. Also we prove that there is a
functor from the homotopy category of the pointed digital images to the
category of groups and homomorphisms.
The Design of Harmonic Simulator based on Hartley Transform
Authors: Vatansever Fahri , Yalcin Nedim Aktan
Published: February 2019

Increase in the number of nonlinear loads and devices in energy and power systems have raised harmonic distortion on voltage and current signals. Harmonics are one of the primary factors in determining power quality. Therefore, measurement and control of harmonics are crucial. Many methods have developed for harmonic analysis. In this study, a simulator which uses Hartley transform for determining harmonics is designed. Harmonic distributions and parameters of loaded/defined signals can be calculated accurately and effectively and obtained results can be displayed numerically and graphically with developed systems which have user friendly interface.
Pilot Scale Extraction of Orthosiphon stamineus Raw Material as Rosmarinic Acid Extract
Authors: Lau Cher Haan , Chua Lee Suan
Published: February 2019

A scale-up protocol for rosmarinic acid extraction from Orthosiphon stamineus was developed using the concept of constant power dissipation for a similar kinetic profile. Rosmarinic acid is the bioactive compound in the herb and therefore, large scale extraction for that compound is important for commercial application. The first-order kinetic equation which was established in the preparative scale extraction was used to describe the extraction of rosmarinic acid from the herb. The agitation speed of the pilot large-scale extractor (451 rpm) was determined based on the constant power dissipation to meet the minimal required speed, namely just-suspended speed (Njs), 450.84 ± 0.88 rpm. The experimental data was fitted well to the proposed kinetic equation with a high correlation coefficient, R2 0.88, and a low root mean square error, RMSE 3.85. This indicates the good performance of the scale-up approach based on the dynamic criterion. Therefore, the use of constant power dissipation to obtain a similar kinetic profile could be applied for phytochemical extraction from herbal plants.
Mapping and Analysing Potential Sources and Transmission Routes of Antimicrobial Resistant Organisms in the Environment using Geographic Information Systems—An Exploratory Study
Authors: Chique Carlos , Cullinan John , Hooban Brigid , Morris Dearbhaile
Published: February 2019

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the leading threats to human health worldwide. The identification of potential sources of antimicrobial resistant organisms (AROs) and their transmission routes in the environment is important for improving our understanding of AMR and to inform and improve policy and monitoring systems, as well as the identification of suitable sampling locations and potential intervention points. This exploratory study uses geographic information systems (GIS) to analyse the spatial distribution of likely ARO sources and transmission routes in four local authority areas (LAAs) in Ireland. A review of relevant spatial data in each LAA, grouped into themes, and categorised into sources and transmission routes, was undertaken. A range of GIS techniques was used to extract, organise, and collate the spatial data into final products in the form of thematic maps for visual and spatial analysis. The results highlight the location of ‘clusters’ at increased risk of harbouring AMR in each LAA. They also demonstrate the relevance of aquatic transmission routes for ARO mobility and risk of human exposure. The integration of a GIS approach with expert knowledge of AMR is shown to be a useful tool to gain insights into the spatial dimension of AMR and to guide sampling campaigns and intervention points.
Comparison of Multi-Physical Coupling Analysis of a Balanced Armature Receiver between the Lumped Parameter Method and the Finite Element/Boundary Element Method
Authors: Jiang Yuan-Wu , Xu Dan-Ping , Jiang Zhi-Xiong , Kim Jun-Hyung , Hwang Sang-Moon
Published: February 2019

The balanced armature receiver (BAR) is a product based on multiphysics that enables coupling between the electromagnetic, mechanical, and acoustic domains. The three domains were modeled using the lumped parameter method (LPM) that takes advantage of an equivalent circuit. In addition, the combined finite element method (FEM) and boundary element method (BEM) was also applied to analyze the BAR. Both simulation results were verified against experimental results. The proposed LPM can predict the sound pressure level (SPL) by making use of the BAR parts dimension and material property. In addition, the previous analysis method, FEM/BEM, took 36 h, while the proposed LPM takes 1 h. So the proposed LPM can be used to check the BAR parts’ dimension and material property influence on the SPL and develop the BAR product efficiently.
Assessment of Thermal Stresses in Asphalt Mixtures at Low Temperatures Using the Tensile Creep Test and the Bending Beam Creep Test
Authors: Pszczola Marek , Jaczewski Mariusz , Szydlowski Cezary
Published: February 2019

Thermal stresses are leading factors that influence low-temperature cracking behavior of asphalt pavements. During winter, when the temperature drops to significantly low values, tensile thermal stresses develop as a result of pavement contraction. Creep test methods can be suitable for the assessment of low-temperature properties of asphalt mixtures. To evaluate the influence of creep test methods on the obtained low-temperature properties of asphalt mixtures, three point bending and uniaxial tensile creep tests were applied and the master curves of stiffness modulus were analyzed. On the basis of creep test results, rheological parameters describing elastic and viscous properties of the asphalt mixtures were determined. Thermal stresses were calculated and compared to the tensile strength of the material to obtain the failure temperature of the analyzed asphalt mixtures. It was noted that lower strain values of creep curves were obtained for the Tensile Creep Test (TCT) than for the Bending Beam Creep Test (BBCT), especially at lower temperatures. Results of thermal stress calculations indicated that higher reliability was obtained for the viscoelastic Monismith method based on the TCT results than for the simple quasi-elastic solution of Hills and Brien. The highest agreement with the TSRST results was also obtained for the Monismith method based on the TCT results. No clear relationships were noted between the predicted failure temperature and different methods of thermal stress calculations.
Exergy and Economic Evaluation of a Hybrid Power Plant Coupling Coal with Solar Energy
Authors: Serrano-Sanchez Cristina , Olmeda-Delgado Marina , Petrakopoulou Fontina
Published: February 2019

Hybrid power plants that couple conventional with renewable energy are promising alternatives to electricity generation with low greenhouse gas emissions. Such plants aim to improve the operational stability of renewable power plants, while at the same time reducing the fuel consumption of conventional fossil fuel power plants. Here, we propose and evaluate the thermodynamic and economic viability of a hybrid plant under different operating conditions, applying exergy and economic analyses. The hybrid plant combines a coal plant with a solar-tower field. The plant is also compared with a conventional coal-fired plant of similar capacity. The results show that the proposed hybrid plant can emit 4.6% less pollutants due to the addition of solar energy. Fuel consumption can also be decreased by the same amount. The exergy efficiency of the hybrid power plant is found to be 35.8%, 1.6 percentage points higher than the efficiency of the conventional coal plant, and the total capital investment needed to build and operate a plant is 8050.32 $/kW. This cost is higher than the necessary capital investment of 5979.69 $/kW to build and operate a coal-fired power plant, and it is mainly due to the higher purchased equipment cost. Finally, the levelized cost of electricity of the hybrid plant is found to be 0.19 $/kWh (using both solar and coal resources) and 0.12 $/kWh when the plant is fueled only with coal.
A Membrane Modified with Nitrogen-Doped TiO2/Graphene Oxide for Improved Photocatalytic Performance
Authors: Li Tingting , Gao Yong , Zhou Junwo , Zhang Manying , Fu Xiaofei , Liu Fang
Published: February 2019

An improved photocatalytic microfiltration membrane was successfully prepared by the impregnation method with nitrogen-doped TiO2/graphene oxide (GO) (NTG). By utilizing the unique role of N and GO, the photocatalytic activity of the membrane in UV and sunlight was improved. Compared with the Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF) microfiltration membrane which was modified by TiO2, N-TiO2 (NT) and TiO2-GO (TG), the NTG/PVDF membrane exhibited high photocatalytic efficiency and significantly improved photodegradation power to the methylene blue (MB) solution under ultraviolet light and sunlight, with the photocatalytic efficiency reaching 86.5% and 80.6%, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) were used to analyze the morphology, crystal structure and chemical bonds of the membrane surface. The hydrophilicity of the modified PVDF microfiltration membrane was significantly improved, the flux of the pure water membrane reached 1672 Lm−2h−1, the flux of the MB solution was also significantly improved due to photodegradation. Therefore, the nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide graphene oxide PVDF microfiltration membrane (NTG/PVDF membrane) has great development prospects in sustainable water treatment.
Haemodynamic Instability and Brain Injury in Neonates Exposed to Hypoxia–Ischaemia
Authors: Badurdeen Shiraz , Roberts Calum , Blank Douglas , Miller Suzanne , Stojanovska Vanesa , Davis Peter , Hooper Stuart , Polglase Graeme
Published: February 2019

Brain injury in the asphyxic newborn infant may be exacerbated by delayed restoration of cardiac output and oxygen delivery. With increasing severity of asphyxia, cerebral autoregulatory responses are compromised. Further brain injury may occur in association with high arterial pressures and cerebral blood flows following the restoration of cardiac output. Initial resuscitation aims to rapidly restore cardiac output and oxygenation whilst mitigating the impact of impaired cerebral autoregulation. Recent animal studies have indicated that the current standard practice of immediate umbilical cord clamping prior to resuscitation may exacerbate injury. Resuscitation prior to umbilical cord clamping confers several haemodynamic advantages. In particular, it retains the low-resistance placental circuit that mitigates the rebound hypertension and cerebrovascular injury. Prolonged cerebral hypoxia–ischaemia is likely to contribute to further perinatal brain injury, while, at the same time, tissue hyperoxia is associated with oxidative stress. Efforts to monitor and target cerebral flow and oxygen kinetics, for example, using near-infrared spectroscopy, are currently being evaluated and may facilitate development of novel resuscitation approaches.
Aquaporins Respond to Chilling in the Phloem by Altering Protein and mRNA Expression
Authors: Stanfield Ryan , Laur Joan
Published: February 2019

Previous experiments using heat exchangers (liquid cooled blocks) to chill a portion of plant stem have shown a transient stoppage in phloem translocation and an increase in measured phloem pressure. Although a chilled-induced stoppage of phloem transport has been known for over 100 years, the mechanism of this phenomenon is still poorly understood. Recently, work has highlighted that aquaporins occur within the plasma membrane of the sieve tubes along the entire source-to-sink pathway, and that isoforms of these water channel proteins may change dynamically. Aquaporins show regulatory roles in controlling tissue and cellular water status in response to environmental hardships. Thus, we tested if protein localization and mRNA transcript abundance changes occur in response to chilling in balsam poplar (Populus balsamifera) using immunohistochemistry and qrtPCR. The results of the immunolocalization experiments show that the labeling intensity of the sieve elements treated for only 2 min of chill time significantly increased for PIP2. After 10 min of chilling, this signal declined significantly to lower than that of the pre-chilled sieve elements. Overall, the abundance of mRNA transcript increased for the tested PIP2s following cold application. We discuss the implication that aquaporins are responsible for the alleviation of sieve tube pressure and the resumption of flow following a cold-induced blockage event.
Assessing the Linkage between Exposure to Violence and Victimization, Coping, and Adjustment among Urban Youth: Findings from a Research Study on Adolescents
Authors: McGee Zina , Alexander Chelsea , Cunningham Khasya , Hamilton Celine , James Courtney
Published: February 2019

From examinations of the literature on the influence that exposure to violence and coping strategies have on delinquent behavior and emotional outcomes, this study addresses the association between violent victimization and the moderating effects of coping strategies among 500 African-American adolescents who exhibit both externalizing behaviors such as delinquency and internalizing symptoms, including anxiety and depression. The investigation examines the development of the aforementioned adjustment problems in response to victimization, and the findings indicate a relationship between the specific indices of victimization, including peer violence, and the symptomatology and coping mechanisms utilized by the youth in this study. Suggestions for future research in this area are discussed.
Thermal-Drones as a Safe and Reliable Method for Detecting Subterranean Peat Fires
Authors: Burke Claire , Wich Serge , Kusin Kitso , McAree Owen , Harrison Mark E. , Ripoll Bernat , Ermiasi Yunsiska , Mulero-Pázmány Margarita , Longmore Steve
Published: February 2019

Underground peat fires are a major hazard to health and livelihoods in Indonesia, and are a major contributor to carbon emissions globally. Being subterranean, these fires can be difficult to detect and track, especially during periods of thick haze and in areas with limited accessibility. Thermal infrared detectors mounted on drones present a potential solution to detecting and managing underground fires, as they allow large areas to be surveyed quickly from above and can detect the heat transferred to the surface above a fire. We present a pilot study in which we show that underground peat fires can indeed be detected in this way. We also show that a simple temperature thresholding algorithm can be used to automatically detect them. We investigate how different thermal cameras and drone flying strategies may be used to reliably detect underground fires and survey fire-prone areas. We conclude that thermal equipped drones are potentially a very powerful tool for surveying for fires and firefighting. However, more investigation is still needed into their use in real-life fire detection and firefighting scenarios.
Cooling Ability/Capacity and Exergy Penalty Analysis of Each Heat Sink of Modern Supersonic Aircraft
Authors: Mao Yu-Feng , Li Yun-Ze , Wang Ji-Xiang , Xiong Kai , Li Jia-Xin
Published: February 2019

The aerospace-based heat sink is defined as a substance used for dissipating heat generated by onboard heat loads. They are becoming increasingly scarce in the thermal management system (TMS) of advanced aircraft, especially for supersonic aircraft. In the modern aircraft there are many types of heat sinks whose cooling abilities and performance penalties are usually obviously different from each other. Besides, the cooling ability and performance penalty of a single heat sink is even different under different flight conditions—flight altitude, Mach number, etc. In this study, the typical heat sinks which are the fuel mass, ram air, engine fan air, skin heat exchanger, and expendable heat sink will be studied. Their cooling abilities/capacities, and exergy penalties under different flight conditions have been systematically estimated and compared with each other. The exergy penalty presented in this paper refers to the exergy loss of aircraft caused by the extra weight, drag and energy extraction of various heat sinks. The estimation models, as well as the results and discussion have been elaborated in this paper, which can be can be used to further optimize the TMS of modern advanced aircraft, for example, the layout design of various heat sinks and the improvement the control algorithm.