bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of surface layers obtained by copper ion implantation into a target of steel 30хгсн2а by auger Spectroscopy methods
Authors: V.V. Ovchinnikov , Yu.M. Borovin , I.A. Kurbatova , E.V. Lukyanenko , N.V. Uchevatkina , S.V. Yakutina
Published: May 2018

The relevance of the study due to the necessity of increase in the wear resistance of the tribological parts from steel 30ХГСН2А through the copper ions implantation. The leading method for investigating this problem is the examination of the implanted layers of the target surface made of steel 30ХГСН2А by means of auger spectroscopy making it possible to review the structure and distribution of the implanted ions comprehensively. The article presents the study results of copper, carbon and oxygen distribution regularities in the surface layers formed during copper implantation into the plates from steel 30ХГСН2А in the impulsive ions source. It has been established that in the process of copper implantation, a carbon layer with a thickness of ~ 50 nm is formed on the surface. It is shown that in the intermediate layer (up to 100 nm), the iron is partly in the oxidized condition. The possible mechanisms of the influence of surface layers structure formed in the result of copper implantation into the steel plate 30ХГСН2А on their tribological characteristics are presented. The article materials are of practical value in developing the technology for wear resistance increase of the various parts of the revolution shape used in aircraft movable joints.
D2 shape distribution and artificial neural networks for 3D objects recognition
Authors: Elhoufi Safae , Majda Aicha , Abbad Khalid
Published: May 2018

In this paper, we propose a 3D object recognition approach, based on the shape distribution D2 and artificial neural networks. The challenge is to discriminate between similar and dissimilar shapes by finding a shape signature that can be constructed and classified quickly. We propose a connectionist system to recognize 3D objects in VRML (Virtual Reality Modeling Language) format. The key idea is to represent the signature of an object as a shape distribution sampled from a shape function measuring global geometric properties of an object. The proposed strategy is the following: from a polygon object to be recognized, a triangulation is performed. Then, distances are calculated between two random points of the triangulated surface of the 3D object. The frequency of these distances will be represented by a normalized histogram. The values of these histograms feed a multi-layer neural network with back- propagation training. We demonstrate the potential of this approach in a set of experiments, which proved our system could achieve above 91.7% recognition rate. In addition, to evaluate the efficiency of our method, we compare our classifier with Support vector machine and k- nearest neighbours. The simulation results highlight the performance of the proposed approach.
Mathematical modeling of sound insulation for sound suppressing lightweight structured panels (SSLWSP)
Authors: L. Murzinov V , V. Murzinov P , V. Murzinov Yu , I. Buyanov V , A. Popov V
Published: May 2018

The article presents SSLWSP panels, the feature of which is a small weight and good soundproofing properties. The article acquired the model of sound insulation for SSLWSP panels. The modeling of sound insulation is based on the sound-permeability model of thin iso-tropic sheet material, from which SSLWSP panels are made. An experimental verification of the obtained sound insulation model showed the convergence of experimental and theoretical values. The best convergence of theoretical and experimental data falls on the frequencies corresponding to a speech range.
Perspectives of grain pile separation before it enters the thresh-ER
Authors: Ozherelyev Viktor , Nikitin Viktor , Belous Nikolay , Torikov Vladimir
Published: May 2018

The results of laboratory studies confirming the possibility of preliminary separation of free grain from the stripped grain heap before it enters the threshing chamber of a combine harvester are presented. For example, it has been established that the maximum free grain passage through the holes of the lath bottom is 68, 7% with a width of its holes of 8 mm and a length of 160 mm. The length increase of the lath bottom of the inclined chamber of the combine harvester up to 1182 mm ensures a complete separation of grain from the heap and exclude the possibility of its falling into the threshing chamber.
The land ‏‏of SUSHEN – an early proto-state entity in the far east
Authors: Yacheslav G. Shvedov V , V. Stelmah Elena , B. Golub Andrey , A. Merdeeva Tatyana , Ya. Dubey Olesya , V. Nikolaev Sergey
Published: May 2018

The region of the Amur River basin and Maritime Territory (Primorye), located within the Russian Federation and the Chinese Peoples Republic, still waits to be deeply explored in order to create a coherent picture of its early historical development. This article is dedicated to the reconstruction of processes related to the establishment by the end of the 3rd or the beginning of the 2nd millennium BC and further existence of the union of tribes that lived on this territory, known as the Land of Sushen. We have identified its historical location. We have also compiled a description of the socio-economic and political environment of the Sushen tribes, examined specific characteristics of their ethnic composition and internal organizational structure and have given an assessment of their military capacity and capabilities. On the basis of a consolidated comparison of archaeological data and historical documents, we have analysed the territorial interests of the tribes of the Land of Sushen and their relationships with neighbours in the surrounding geographic areas. We have also disclosed the nature of their relations with ancient China and ancient Korea and explained their specific character. We have reconstructed the causes for the military defeat suffered by the Sushen from Central Asian nomads and its consequences. We have determined their subsequent ethnic heritage in the Amur region and Primorye.
The development of industrial infrastructure during the industrial modernization of Russia
Authors: Yu. Gedgafova Irina , H. Shogentsukova Zalina , A. Efendieva Genrietta , S. Sijajeva Svetlana , M. Mirzoeva Janna
Published: May 2018

The modern phase of the national economic and financial crisis clearly shows the world economy institutional transformation, increasingly reducing the competitiveness of the Russian industrial complex in particular. According to retrospective analysis carried out by specialists in techno-economic paradigms, this kind of changes occur primarily when the role of the dominant energy resource and, subsequently, the role of other production and infrastructure resources changes in all sectors, including industry. In this regard, the effectiveness of the aggregate production infrastructures of industrial enterprises, hereinafter referred to as the industrial infrastructure, is of theoretical and practical importance at the current stage of economic transformation, and therefore is an appropriate topic for a research. In this article, the authors tried to develop the theoretical issues of modern trends in the industrial infrastructure development, to define methods and mechanisms for its implementation. The article presents the structure of industrial enterprises infrastructure, identifies the problems in managing the production structure and suggests ways to solve the identified problems.
Frequency components of radargrams in analyses of shallow soil cavities
Authors: S.M Daniliev , N.A Danilieva
Published: May 2018

The urgency of the issue being studied is determined by widespread large-scale implementation of ground penetrating radar (GPR) method within the study practice of technical state of various engineering-geological sites over a long operational period. Such buildings and structures as dams, architectural landmarks, residential and industrial buildings, temples and churches, roadways and takeoff runways may be referred to main engineering and geological sites which have been studied via ground penetrating radar method. Cracks of different length, orientation and opening, as well as cavities of various localization, being distinguished by filling material, are the main types of irregularities in the above-mentioned sites, which were being formed in the process of prolonged or improper operation. However, due to vastness of the irregularities being studied and the impossibility to include all the types of possible defects into this article, we have settled on the cavities which are the most commonly encountered in the course of practice only. This article considers the approach to analysis of the electromagnetic wave field frequency characteristics being applied during conducting ground penetrating radar studies of irregularities in the structure of engineering-geological sites on the basis of the results of electromagnetic wave fields mathematical simulation, and of the results obtained in experimental studies at real engineering-geological sites as well. There has been proposed a method based of inverse Fourier transformation for studying spectrum shift in georadargrams. The georadargram is a set of registered signals, which is obtained during even movement of the georadar along the survey line. Due to that, this article is aimed at attraction of analysis of wave electromagnetic field attributes in addition to standard methods of ground penetrating radar (GPR) data processing and interpretation, which allows to extend significantly prospect capabilities of GPR method by obtaining extra data on heterogeneous zones parameters at engineering and geological sites, and, thus, proceed from qualitative notions on technical condition of studied object to quantitative ones.
Optimization structure database of complex systems
Authors: M. Korneev A , K. Pogodaev A , S. Abdullakh L , V. Salfetnikov M
Published: May 2018

In the article such ways of optimization of the structure of a database of complex structured objects that allow simplifying the scheme of an information system. As a result, the response time of the information system to the user's request is reduced, and it becomes possible to more effectively manage and monitor the progress of ongoing processes. A formalized model of the relational expression is developed, a model of the corresponding equivalent transformation of the chosen relational expression is created, a formal description of the developed algorithm for optimizing the queries is presented.
Creation of multicomponent mix based on lactic bacteria consortium for flour enrichment
Authors: Alimkulov Zheksenkul , Zhiyenbayeva Saule , Baygazieva Gulgaisha , Rustemova Ainash , Batyrbayeva Nurgul , Bayisbayeva Meruert
Published: May 2018

This article presents the results on creating the probiotic preparation with inclusion of microorganisms of highly productive lactic bacteria cultures with high biosynthetic and bactericidal properties. Conditions for production of bacterial preparation and multicomponent mix for flour enrichment and bread making were developed. Composition of the produced improving agent and premix for flour enrichment was studied and conditions for flour enrichment using the produced biological improving agent based on lactic bacteria were developed. Technological parameters of flour semi-products where determined on addition of the enriched flour. It was determined that produced improving agent plays a key role in transformation of protein-proteinase and carbohydrate-amylase flour complex, thereby improving the structural-mechanical properties of dough and further resulting in production of elastic crumb with thin-walled and even texture.
Instant cereals enriched with carboxylates
Authors: A. Shaimerdenova D , M. Chakanova Zh , Zh. Sultanova M , Yu. Borovsky P. R A , . Shaimerdenova , A. Abdrakhmanov Kh.
Published: May 2018

The article presents the developed technology for obtaining cereal products of rapid cooking with increased nutritional value, enriched with micronutrients, for which wheat, rice, corn and buckwheat served as raw materials. The food and biological value of the obtained instant cereals is studied, as well as the study of the effect of micronutrients-carboxylates of food acids on technological, food and consumer indices. As a result of the research, 4 prescriptions were chosen with the highest growth of micro and microelements.
Development of the mathematical model for the process of oil raw materials pressing
Authors: Kairbayeva Ainura , Vasilenko Vitalii , Dzhinguilbayev Seit , Baibolova Lyazzat , Frolova Larisa
Published: May 2018

The mathematical model for the process of oily raw materials pressing with single-screw oil press has been developed, which makes it possible to calculate the main design parameters of an oil press for extracting oil from oil crop seeds.This model of pressing describes the process of moving meal in the pressure zone and expression of oil in the pressing cage of the screw press, taking into account the following assumptions: porous skeleton and oil have the same density, they have no chemical interaction, the process of oil filtration occurs under isothermal conditions with laminar conditions of motion.The developed mathematical model corresponds to physical meaning of the occurring phenomena and can be used to analyze the work of active presses, and at the design stage.
The creation of junior schoolchildren’s interest in the experimental study of physical phenomena using the elements of the technology of problem-based
Authors: F M Sabirova , A V Deryagin
Published: May 2018

The goal of the paper is to define the place and role of the technology of problem-based learning in demonstrating physical phenomena and processes to junior schoolchildren within a framework of the Child University and InteLSummer projects of Elabuga Institute of Kazan Federal University for higher interest in learning physics – a science about nature. The method is the technology of problem-based learning. Children face a certain problem, which is a cognitive task, and students (themselves or assisted by a teacher) investigate the ways and methods to solve it. We can use the elements of problem-based technology (creation of a problem, joint scientific learning, and primary reinforcement of the obtained knowledge) in teaching junior schoolchildren. Results: we considered the ways of creating particular problem situations with both a teacher and, most importantly, children participating in their solution on the example of a cycle of laboratory and practical classes devoted to electrical and magnetic phenomena. In the end, the experience of applying the technology of problem-based learning has shown that children’s participation in looking for the ways to solve a learning problem supports a cognitive interest of junior schoolchildren in the study of physical phenomena. The participation of pedagogical university students - future teachers - in the Child University and Intel Summer projects is a perspective form of a practice-oriented approach to future professional activity.
The land ‏‏of sushen an early proto-state entity in the far east
Authors: G. Shvedov Vyacheslav , V. Stelmah Elena , B. Golub Andrey , A. Merdeeva Tatyana , Ya. Dubey Olesya , V. Nikolaev Sergey
Published: May 2018

The region of the Amur River basin and Maritime Territory (Primorye), located within the Russian Federation and the Chinese Peoples Republic, still waits to be deeply explored in order to create a coherent picture of its early historical development. This article is dedicated to the reconstruction of processes related to the establishment by the end of the 3rd or the beginning of the 2nd millennium BC and further existence of the union of tribes that lived on this territory, known as the Land of Sushen. We have identified its historical location. We have also compiled a description of the socio-economic and political environment of the Sushen tribes, examined specific characteristics of their ethnic composition and internal organizational structure and have given an assessment of their military capacity and capabilities. On the basis of a consolidated comparison of archaeological data and historical documents, we have analysed the territorial interests of the tribes of the Land of Sushen and their relationships with neighbours in the surrounding geographic areas. We have also disclosed the nature of their relations with ancient China and ancient Korea and explained their specific character. We have reconstructed the causes for the military defeat suffered by the Sushen from Central Asian nomads and its consequences. We have determined their subsequent ethnic heritage in the Amur region and Primorye.
The aspect of self-organization in the formation of an effective educational system in college
Authors: M. Dorozhkin Evgeniy , Yu. Scherbina Elena , N. Arefiev Oleg
Published: May 2018

The urgency of the problem under investigation is determined by the need to identify and develop the basic theoretical and methodological foundations of the process of self-organization aimed at developing the mechanism of self-development and achieving the desired result (goal) of college educational system in the current socio-economic situation. The purpose of the article is to scientifically substantiate the theoretical and methodological foundations of the process of self-organization of the educational system of college aimed at developing a mechanism for self-development and achieving the desired result in the preparation of highly qualified specialists for professional adaptation and career growth in the labor market. The leading method of research is the analysis and generalization of scientific provisions on this topic. The article substantiates scientific, methodological and technological tools, develops a conceptual model and algorithm for the process of self-organization of college educational system capable of forming a mechanism of self-development, of responding promptly to changes in the current social and economic situation and of achieving the desired result in the preparation of competitive specialists in demand on the labor market. The developed conceptual model, scientific-methodical and technological tools are aimed at solving practical problems of increasing the effectiveness of educational systems, identifying and forecasting the key factors of their self-development in the changing social and economic situation and in the external environment.
Social transformations in bifurcation fields of self-organizing systems: methodological and conceptual aspects
Authors: V. Popov Vitaly , A. Muzyka Oksana , D. Skudnova Tatyana , A. Petrushenko Svetlana , P. Agafonova Tatyana , D. Lichman Irina
Published: May 2018

The article considers different methodological approaches to studying the modern society undergoing a process of transformation. The authors stipulate that the modern society should be considered in its dynamics as a society of social transformations; expound on the need for a correct and adequate semantic formulation of significant issues of non-linear development of the society within the frameworks of the philosophy of science and the social philosophy; demonstrate different levels of application of the concepts and semantic representations in the research into social transformations at the level of complex systems; and reveal that in the study of social transformations within a transitional society it is appropriate to state that the social synergetics allows modelling some aspects of the creative practical activity of a cognizing social actor. Specifics of the development of social transformations in bifurcation fields in the context of non-linear development of the society are identified and discussed.
Bi-rotor micro hydro power plant for energy supply to isolated consumers
Authors: D. Obozov Alaybek , A. Akparaliyev Ruslan , T. Mederov Taalaybek , G. Krasnov Victor
Published: May 2018

This paper is dedicated to comparative analysis and description of a micro hydroelectric power plant with bi-rotor hydro generator. Based on the characteristics analysis, this paper describes a renewable energy source for a small watercourse; the feasibility of micro hydroelectric power plants with bi-rotor hydro generator is demonstrated. The features of their operation require in-depth research to substantiate parameters of such installations. This paper presents the analysis of the usage of micro hydroelectric solutions with bi-rotor hydro generator. The lattice theory problem was solved, which made it possible to determine the shape of the profile according to a given law of velocity distribution (pressure) on the contour. The experimental stand was developed, and the experiments were conducted to identify the dependence of the frequency of rotation from the flow and the dependence of the rotational frequencies of hydro turbines from various loads. Based on the results obtained, the optimum values of the rotational speed were identified. Presented results of experimental research are of significance and can be applied practically in design of micro hydroelectric power plants with bi-rotor hydro generator. Keywords: Bi-Rotor Hydro Generator; Differential Equation; Rotational Flows; Function; Hydraulic Models; Kinetic Energy; Renewable Energy Sources; Velocity Measurements.                                                                                                                     This paper is dedicated to comparative analysis and description of a micro hydroelectric power plant with bi-rotor hydro generator. Based on the characteristics analysis, this paper describes a renewable energy source for a small watercourse; the feasibility of micro hydroelectric power plants with bi-rotor hydro generator is demonstrated. The features of their operation require in-depth research to substantiate parameters of such installations. This paper presents the analysis of the usage of micro hydroelectric solutions with bi-rotor hydro generator. The lattice theory problem was solved, which made it possible to determine the shape of the profile according to a given law of velocity distribution (pressure) on the contour. The experimental stand was developed, and the experiments were conducted to identify the dependence of the frequency of rotation from the flow and the dependence of the rotational frequencies of hydro turbines from various loads. Based on the results obtained, the optimum values of the rotational speed were identified. Presented results of experimental research are of significance and can be applied practically in design of micro hydroelectric power plants with bi-rotor hydro generator.
The history of the development of Russian cultural volunteering: historical and contemporary practices
Authors: N I Gorlovа , Z A Troska , Ye. Z Karpenko , Ye. V. Krutitskaya , N O Min'kova , O V Semin
Published: May 2018

The article presents a modern methodology for organizing the practical work of volunteers in the cultural sphere using the example of Russian cultural institutions. The used methodology allows to gain knowledge and practical experience of interaction with the target audience of cultural events, to explain the main features and principles of the volunteer movement in the sphere of culture; to use successful practices of organizing the volunteers' work in cultural institutions. Using surveys, interviews and personal conversations with active participants of the research and ongoing progress of developing cultural volunteering in Russia, it allowed to supplement the material received from various sources, which significantly increased the scientific quality of author's research. In addition, the article provides an analysis of research in personal characteristics of volunteers, a system of motivation and incentives and also identifies key areas of activity. Such approach in volunteer management is complex and universal, and therefore can be used with volunteers by various cultural institutions. The practical significance of the research is that its conclusions and recommendations can be successfully used in the recruiting, professional selection and support in training, retraining and analysis of volunteer activities in the field of culture.
Methodology of professional self-reflection development (on the example of management activity)
Authors: A. Chupina Valentina , A. Fedorenko Olga , Yu. Pleshakova Anastasia
Published: May 2018

The effectiveness of management personnel, their ability to professional communication at the level of self-organization, their analytical and predictive abilities are determined by culturally organized self-reflection which promotes the realization and development of the innovative potential of the individual. The aim of the research is to theoretically substantiate reflexive self-organization in managerial activities, to develop and implement a professional module on the reflexive thinking of management personnel, and to identify effective methods for the development of professional reflection. The general scientific (analysis, synthesis, generalization, formalization and language schematization) and specific-scientific (observation, comparative analysis, questionnaires, tests) methods were used. They allowed obtaining an integral picture of the influence of reflection on the success of professional and social activity and creating conditions for the further development of reflection, personal qualities and the formation of an emotional and value-related attitude towards the activity. The article defines the essential features and functions of reflection, reveals the content of the reflexive method, establishes the links between the elements of reflection (analysis, criticism, standardization) and traditional types of managerial activity: goal-setting, support, correction and control of activity, and describes levels of reflexive thinking in managerial activities. The theoretical substantiation of the problem of reflexive self-organization and its solution in the course of realization of the professional module in undergraduates of the field ‘State and municipal management’ is presented in the paper. Practical significance lies in creating a professional module aimed at developing reflection and implemented in the form of organizational and activity game, as well as diagnostic techniques for measuring the level of reflection.
Electronic learning resources and online education technology: issues of effectiveness evaluation
Authors: R. Moskalenko Maxim , M. Dorozhkin Evgenij , A. Tolstykh Olga , E. Marakulina Uliana , V. Mustakimova Maria
Published: May 2018

The relevance of the problem under investigation is due to the widespread use of electronic learning resources and online education technologies in Russian universities and the need to improve their quality for increasing the students learning efficiency. The article aims to study the possibilities for improving the efficiency of e-learning resources and online education technologies and their application specific in teaching students. The leading method of this issue research is the analysis of electronic learning resources and online education technologies use at Russian HEIs. Research results: analysis of electronic learning resources and online education technologies use at Russian HEIs was conducted; approaches for evaluating the efficiency of electronic resources and online education technologies use were developed; recommendations on improving the e-learning resources and online education technologies use were formulated, as well as for developing methodological and pedagogical support for their use in the educational process. The article materials can be useful for: higher-education teaching personnel who one way or another uses e-learning resources and online education technologies in teaching activities; HEIs' leaders; materials developers and employees of universities that are involved in the practical introduction of e-learning resources and online education technologies into the educational process; students and post-graduate students. Learning Efficiency; E-
Features of forming the professional competency of would be teachers during extracurricular activity
Authors: V. Ketrish Evgeniya , V. Andryukhina Tatiana , V. Tretyakovа Natalya , E. Safronovich Irina , A. Papshev Ivan
Published: May 2018

The topicality of the issue under study is due to the need to research the features of forming the professional competency of would-be teachers during extracurricular activity and independent learning of students, under the condition of introducing a competency approach into the modern educational system (by the example of would-be Physical Training teachers). The article objective is to disclose the conditions of forming the professional competence of a would-be Physical Training teacher, and to elaborate a complex of extracurricular pedagogical measures which would promote the more effective forming the professional competence. The leading approach to the research of the stated problem is the competency-activity approach, serving as the practice-oriented tactics of research and showing that the main direct result of educational activity, as for our research, is forming a set of professional competencies underlying the professional competency of a teacher. The research results are presented, which show that the most important role in the structure of professional competency of a Physical Training teacher, providing his/her successful professional functioning, is played by subject-professional, communicative and analytical-reflective component, as well as certain individual-personal qualities of a would-be teacher. The unity and integrity of these components are the dominants of a Physical Training teacher performance; hence, they are the obligatory elements of his/her professional training within the process of both curricular and extracurricular activity and independent learning. The materials of the research will be useful for the scholars studying the issues of introducing a competency approach into the Russian educational system, for the specialists engaged in organization of studies in the higher and secondary professional educational establishments, for pedagogues working at various educational establishments, for students of pedagogical universities and other persons concerned.
Trends in and principles of training vocational teachers
Authors: I. Zyrianova Natalia , M. Dorozhkin Evgeny , V. Zaitseva Yekaterina , S. Korotayer Ivan , D. Shcherbin Matvey
Published: May 2018

The urgency of the problem under consideration here has been necessitated by a need for training more vocational teachers for the system; they are to be specialists in developing and implementing the basic and optional educational programs designed for workshop force and mid-tier specialists; this means preparing the personnel resource for innovation industry. The goal of the paper is to reveal the changes that are necessary to be brought about for improving the quality of training delivered to students of vocational pedagogy and continuing vocational education. The key approach to the study of the problem is the systems activity approach that allows us to employ the systems concepts for building domain-specific schema linked to the investigation of how vocational teacher training is organized today, with regard to the requirements set by Russia's educational standard "Teacher of vocational training and continuing vocational education". Analysis of theory and findings in the literature led us to the conclusion that, considering the particular properties and logic of vocational teacher’s education, as well as reliance on the approaches and concepts under consideration, is what shall cater to the ever increasing demands to it from man, society and state. In view of the analysis' results, we suggest recommendations for improving vocational teacher training that would lead to vocational education/training/continuing education quality enhancement, including training offered in corporate training centers and innovation industries. The materials herein may be of value to educational managers in forming their personnel resource.
Evaluation of motor transport legislation impact on passenger transportation safety
Authors: V. Yakunina Natalja , N. Yakunin Nikolaj , M. Menshikh Olga , A. Dryuchin Dmitri
Published: May 2018

The article describes the issues regarding organization of passenger motor transport work. The purpose of the research was set, which consists in elaboration of theoretical and methodological regulations for safety assessment of motor transport legislation affecting passenger transportation. The description of theoretical and methodological instruments for assessment of motor transport legislation effect on passenger transportation safety was presented. Multi-level structure of motor transport legislation, resulting in excessive, not always efficient, variety of motor transport activities regulation, was shown. The analysis of regulation of organizational and functional structure indicators of transporters in motor transport legislation of regions’ located in the territory of Volga Federal District as of 2014 was carried out. The analysis of breakdown rate indicators was performed in passenger transport for the same period. Correlation analysis of those groups’ indicators was conducted. The obtained results indicate the existence of moderate negative relation between those groups’ indicators. An important scientific and practical task was solved, which consists in assessment of motor transport legislation affecting passenger transportation safety. It was ascertained that one of methods for managing the safety of passenger transportation by motor transport is regulation of organizational and functional structure of the transporters. The theoretical and methodological instruments were developed to purposefully improve the organization of and technology of passenger transportation by motor transport. There was an assumption made that an optimization of regulated requirements structure would eventually facilitate increase of safety of passenger transportation by motor transport. It was recommended to apply the results of this work in the course of transport legislation elaboration. There was the summary formulated. The conclusion of aim achievement and research hypothesis validity was made.
The new generation of winter recreational and sports facilities on artificial relief in cities
Authors: Afonina Marina , Shcherbina Elena , Balakina Alevtina
Published: May 2018

Nowadays we observe a rapid growth of various new and actively developing facilities for winter sports and recreation. This paper is aimed at analyzing the structure of these facilities and establishing the dependence of their public popularity on the design, technology, environmental and economic efficiency. The main research methods are monitoring of the chosen facilities, data collection and summarizing, classifying and description. The key procedures and results include on-site investigations of the facilities, sociological surveys of their popularity, definition of the factors that hamper their development, working out and testing a mathematical model of climatic influence on attendance. It is shown that despite the growing demand for new sports and recreational centers, most Russian cities do not have the necessary natural conditions (elevations, complex relief) to satisfy the requirements of the contemporary winter sports enthusiasts. To meet this demand, artificial constructions for mountain and cross-country skiing, snowboarding, tubing and skating are set in parks, residential areas and on specially designated territories. In building theses facilities, various designs, constructions and technologies are used, which are considered in detail in this paper. We provide examples of successful recreational centers on artificially engineered reliefs well-blended with the Moscow urban area. We make a conclusion about the advantages of constructing new facilities and the necessity to fit them harmoniously into the existing natural and man-made environment. Temporary constructions for sports and recreation have minimal impact on the environment. At the same time, they give room for experimenting with forms, materials, technologies; they are flexible, mobile and relevant for cities. We characterize such facilities as nature-and-technology compatible systems. Our findings can be useful for specialists in urban planning and development, ecology, sociology, economics, sports and recreational management.
3 D scanner integration with product development
Authors: Kumar Lalit , Shuaib Mohd , Tanveer Qamar , Kumar Vineet , Javaid Mohd , Haleem Abid
Published: May 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to give a basic understanding of the working and use of 3 D Scanner in reverse engineering, shape reconstruction and product designing. It discusses the use of 3 D Scanner in product development field and also presents a method to acquire the required data of existing component through which we can develop the new product.Design/methodology/approach: To understand the fundamental working principle of the scanner, an algorithm is discussed which shows the data collection procedure of the scanner. The obtained data is verified with existing CAD data with the help of software, and an example is also discussed to explain the process.Findings: This study shows that the integration of scanner technology with product development cycle will help to improve the development process of any product, as this technology provides benefits through reduction in time, money and resources.Research limitations/implications: The speed and accuracy of the Scanner depends upon the method adopted to capture the data.Practical implications – Reverse engineering is a process of change an existing product into a new product. Development of an existing product we required the three-dimensional data of the product. The data acquisition process is critical and time-consuming. The design expert uses different approaches to collect the necessary parameters. This study discusses one of the data acquisition technology, i.e. 3-dimensional scanner.Originality/value – In this article, we are discussing one of the original methods to show the integration of scanner technology with product development.
Numerical modeling of condition of the bridge structure based on the results of national surveys
Authors: Degtyarev G.V. , Molotkov G.S. , Sekisov A.N. , Datsjo D.А.
Published: May 2018

The possibilities of calculating the bearing capacity of hydraulic structures with the use of modern software products are based on the example of a bridge structure in the Krasnodar region. This bridge construction across the river Bezymyannaya is located near the city of Gelendzhik. In the process of inspection some defects were indentified that affect the bearing capacity of the construction: the destruction of the protective layer of concrete by separate segments; corrosion of reinforcemnt in load-bearing elements with loss of cross-section up to 16,6%; corroison of concrete in load-bearing elements of type I and II; cracks in the crossbar with a width of opening up to 0,5 mm, which indicates the overstrain of the structure.
Review of recent researches on air pollution effects on human cognitive functions
Authors: Talaeizadeh Ziba , Zaeimdar Mozhgan , Kashefi Alasl Morteza , Marandi Reza , Ali Jozi Seyyed
Published: May 2018

Air pollution is of factors leading to disturbance in nervous system while its acute neurological effects have not been completely studied. In metropolis, communities experience various social problems caused by air pollution such as retardate, academic disability, and increasing crime rate due to disturbed cognitive functions of children and vulnerable generation without being aware of the effect of air pollution on perception power of human. In this research, the published researches in 2017 available in database and publishers of valid scientific publications such as PubMed and Elsevier were reviewed then 11 related papers were selected to check and criticize their methodology, research instruments and results.Results indicated that the review researches employed various tests and instruments to assess cognitive functions, but most of them obtained similar results introducing disturbing and preventive effect of air pollution on mental functions; however, these studies did not determine the prominent effect of each air pollutant factor on specific area of brain and effect of genetic and environmental background of individuals. Moreover, valid and authentic tests were not employed in many of these papers to assess cognitive function and perception power, while validity and reliability of each of cognitive function tests have been determined and proved to assess the function of specific part of brain.
Characterization of Fracture Toughness of Acrylic Denture Base Materials Using Modified Arcan Specimen Test
Authors: Marzroud A. Pourtaghi , Laleh F.Farhang , Choupani Naghd Ali
Published: May 2018

Acrylic polymers possess diverse applications in the dentistry proteases such as artificial tooth, amendment material of artificial tooth, etc. Nowadays, Poly Methyl Methacrylate (PMMA) is the material which is used in the production of the majority of denture bases. Regarding the clinical process of producing denture bases, the production of micro¬cracks would be inevitable. In the present study, through the production of butterfly Arcan specimens and under the loading conditions in different angles, critical loads of specimens and the pure and mixed mode fracture toughness for the acrylic denture base determined. In this study, the fracture toughness and energy release rate have been calculated through computing the geometric-correction coefficients by utilizing ABAQUS finite element software. Furthermore, the numerical studies have been extended to evaluate the effect of elongation of crack length on the fracture toughness and energy release rate at different loading angles.
Effective polyurethane compositions filled with industrial wastes
Authors: Margarita Alexandrovna Goncharova , Anastasia Olegovna Korneeva , Oleg Olegovich Korneev , Ghalib Hussain Al-Surraiwy Hameed
Published: May 2018

Formulations are developed and optimized for of rigid polyurethane foams filled with converter slag. The optimum content of the filler is 30%. Polyurethane compositions have the following characteristics: average density – 42.59 kg/m3, compressive strength at 10% deformation – 0.293 MPa, water absorption by volume 1.71%, coefficient of thermal conductivity – 0.028 W/m·0C. Polyurethane foams are applied in sandwich panels, multi-layer roof constructions and for the manufacture of fixing systems for metal rolled.Sandwich panels with polyurethane foam insulation and sheathing of specialized panels are designed for the construction of pre-fabricated residential buildings. The forecasting of polyurethane durability in building structures as thermal insulation in sandwich panels the foam lifespan is about 75 years, which is approximately two times greater than that of the unreinforced foam.Layered roof structures with modified rigid polyurethane foam are used for buildings and structures for various purposes. Their use makes it possible to solve several tasks: creating a complete architectural image, ensuring high strength and deformation characteristics with good noise and heat insulation, minimization when mounting. The use of lightweight, transportable and technologically advanced roofing elements in conditions of mass production creates significant opportunities for industrial construction. The proposed foam fixing systems during shipping rolled metal in containers makes it possible to exclude the possibility of the longitudinal and transverse shift of pallets with rolls, to protect metal from damage, to simplify the design of the foxing elements, reduce the production cost, and minimize the amount of time for fixing metal rolls in the container.
theoretical bases of perspective chemical sources of current (CSC) and ultra-high-volume capacitor structures (UCS) for electric energy accumulators
Authors: Vladimir Vladimirovich Sleptsov , Dmitry Yuryevich Kukushkin , Anna Olegovna Diteleva
Published: May 2018

The paper analyzes thin-film technologies for advanced CSC and UCS. It is shown that the amount of accumulated energy is determined by the work of moving the charges in a given direction. This dependence determines the energy intensity of the CSC and UCS shows that the process of accumulation of electric energy in them is the same, and is determined mainly by polarization effects in the system. Because the mechanism of accumulation of electric energy in the CSC and UCS from a physical point of view is the same, there is a possibility to combine design solutions and to create a unified electrode material for a CSC and UCS in thin-film technology. In this case, it is possible to increase the specific energy capacity of the energy storage device while increasing its specific power in a single design solution. The traditional design of CSC and electrolytic UCS focused on the formation of electrode materials for thick-film technology. From this point of view, thin-film technologies, which have been actively developed recently, are promising. The prospect of developing thin-film technologies is associated with the use of nanomaterials and nanostructures, which can form more energy-intensive materials and significantly change the processes of converting the energy of the double electric layer and chemical interaction into electrical energy. The task of the article is to study thin-film technologies theoretically and experimentally in order to determine their development prospects for high-energy current sources, determine the ranges of their use and the possibility of industrial implementation. However, recently there has been a tendency to reduce the dynamics of growth in energy intensity of CSC generated by this technology.
Elimination of the blinding effect in landscape luminaires
Authors: Ashryatov Albert , Churakova Dinara
Published: May 2018

The article presents one of the possible options for implementing the lighting technology "Flat beam" for landscape lighting purposes. One of the possible ways to control the light distribution of a number of light sources based on LEDs with different radiation patterns is considered. As a secondary optics, it is proposed to use a mirror surface that redistributes the light flux of an LED light source. It is indicated that, depending on the initial type of the light-emitting diodes light curve and the features of mounting the mirror surface, the resulting light distribution can vary widely, depending on the initial task that the designer sets for himself.
Investigation of effects associated with educational environment and equipment in clinical learning of speech therapy
Authors: Gerivani Hossein , Mobaraki Hossein , Kamali Mohammad , Ghorbani Ali
Published: May 2018

Aim: This study aim to investigate educational environment and equipment and their effects on clinical learning of speech therapy.Investigation method: Content analysis was employed for conduct this research, for which 13 university students, 6 trainers, and 6 therapists practicing speech therapy were selected through purposive sampling. Data was collated using in-depth semi-structured interviews and also group discussion sessions and analyzed using Colaizzi method.Findings: The results of current study showed that educational environment and equipment are contributing factors to quality of clinical learning through speech therapy. Findings of the study were classified as two main concepts i.e. physical space, and equipment and software, each of which was in turn divided into smaller categories of concepts.Conclusion: The findings of the study revealed that physical space of clinical learning and use of therapeutic equipment in such spaces are contributing factors to clinical learning associated with speech therapy.