bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Process Optimization of Pressure-induced Autoclave Foaming of Polylactide by Supercritical CO2 Using Central Composite Design of Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Yudanto Yusuf Arya , Petchsuk Atitsa , Opaprakasit Pakorn
Published: October 2024

A pressure-induced autoclave foaming assisted by supercritical CO2 of degradable polylactide (PLA) has been developed. A central composite design (CCD) of response surface methodology (RSM) is used to optimize three distinct process conditions: foaming temperature, pressure, and time. The mathematical model built for examining the effect of process conditions on the foam density and volume expansion ratio was verified and determined to be acceptable with an R-square value derived from the regression model of 0.930 and 0.934, respectively. The experimental and statistical results showed that of the three factors examined, the foaming pressure had the greatest impact on the density and volume expansion ratio of the PLA foams. The foaming temperature and time also had significant interaction impacts on both responses. It was observed that the following conditions are optimal for foaming of PLA, with a maximum VER of 10.107 and a minimum foam density of 0.123 g/cc: foaming temperature of 165.86 °C and foaming pressure of 152.4 bar for 2.38 h of foaming time.
Fiberglass Reinforcement of Additively Manufactured Polymeric Specimens via FDM Process
Authors: Trihenea Nicolae , Constantin Vlad-Ștefan , Predu Denis Andrei
Published: October 2024

This scientific paper focuses on the utilization of fiberglass reinforcement in the manufacturing of additively manufactured polymeric specimens via the Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) process. The study explores the potential of fiberglass for enhancing the mechanical properties of FDM printed parts. The research investigates the effects of fiberglass reinforcement on the mechanical characteristics of FDM printed specimens. Fiberglass, known for its unique structural properties, is incorporated into the polymer matrix during the printing process. The study evaluates the influence of varying fiberglass content, fiber orientation, and processing parameters on the tensile strength of the resulting composite specimens. The mechanical properties of the fiberglass-reinforced FDM printed specimens are assessed through experimental testing, including tensile tests. The results are compared to those of unreinforced FDM printed specimens to identify the improvements achieved through the addition of glass fibers. The paper discusses the potential benefits of incorporating fiberglass into FDM printed parts.
Paleoenvironment and diagenetic aspects of the limestone (Gboko Formation) around Igumale, Central Benue Trough, Nigeria: Evidence from petrography
Authors: Etobro I. A. A. , Ejeh O. I. , Odedede O.
Published: October 2024

Limestone core samples from Igumale-1 and Igumale-2 wells, Central Benue Trough, Nigeria were petrographically studied in detail to determine their paleo-depositional environment and diagenetic history. Petrographic examination of the limestone shows that the limestone comprised monocrystalline quartz, ferroan calcite (3-15 %), peloids (3-20 %), ooids (7-10 %), micrite (33-48 %) and sparites (10-50 %). Fossil fragments consist of foraminifera and gastropods (17-57%), and suggest subtidal to shallow marine environment. Four sedimentary facies (oobiosparite, biosparite, biopelmicrite, and biomicrite) were recorded and characterised by moldic and vuggy porosity. This study has provided a petrographic synopsis of the limestone for further consideration and may impact both the exploration and development of the limestone deposit.
Alarin regulates RyR2 and SERCA2 to improve cardiac function in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
Authors: Li Jinshuang , Xu Dawei , Shi Ce , Cheng Chunqi , Xu Ziheng , Gao Xingjuan , Cheng Yong
Published: October 2024

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), a complex disease that is increasingly prevalent due to population aging, pose significant challenges in its treatment. The present study utilized the HFpEF rat model and H9C2 cells as research subjects to thoroughly investigate the potential mechanisms of alarin in protecting cardiac function in HFpEF. The study shows that under HFpEF conditions, oxidative stress significantly increases, leading to myocardial structural damage and dysfunction of calcium ion channels, which ultimately impairs diastolic function. Alarin, through its interaction with NADPH oxidase 1 (NOX1), effectively alleviates oxidative stress and modulates the activities of type 2 ryanodine receptor (RyR2) and sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 2 (SERCA2), thereby facilitating the restoration of Ca2+ homeostasis and significantly improving cardiac function in the HFpEF model. This research not only uncovers the cardioprotective effects of alarin and its underlying molecular mechanisms but also provides new insights and potential therapeutic targets for HFpEF treatment strategies, suggesting a promising future for alarin and related therapies in the management of this debilitating condition.
Primary eye care service provision ability of mid-level healthcare providers in southern Ethiopia
Authors: Kentayiso Temesgen W. , Nkoane Naomi L. , Matlhaba Kholofelo L.
Published: October 2024

Background: The provision of eye care services by trained and well-capacitated primary care providers in the rural community will contribute significantly to the reduction of avoidable blindness.Aim: This study aimed to investigate mid-level healthcare providers’ knowledge and skills capacity to provide primary eye care services.Setting: The study was conducted in four districts of southern Ethiopia.Methods: An institution-based descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among randomly selected mid-level healthcare providers from August to October 2023. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. Data entry and analysis were performed using Epi info version 6 and SPSS version 28 software. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression models were used in the analysis.Results: A total of 103 mid-level healthcare providers were involved in the evaluation with a response rate of 99%. Of the study respondents, less than half (48.5%) were found to have intermediate-level ability to provide primary eye care services. Serving more patients per month (p  0.001), receiving additional training (p  0.005) and having a first degree (p  0.001) were found to have a statistically significant association with the ability to provide primary eye care services.Conclusion: Most primary eye care service providers had a significant knowledge and skill gap. Capacity-building training aimed at enhancing the ability of primary eye care service providers need the appropriate attention.Contribution: This study presents the ability of mid-level healthcare workers to provide primary eye care services to support the elimination of avoidable blindness, resulting in improved quality of life.
Navigating the challenges of public transport and urban mobility in Thohoyandou, South Africa
Authors: McKay Tracey J.M. , Duri Babra , Gunter Ashley
Published: October 2024

Background: Transport systems are an essential feature of functional urban settlements. Yet, almost all of South Africa’s secondary cities and small towns lack a true public transportation system. Because of this, quasi-public, privately operated mini-bus taxis are the main form of transport for most urban residents. Thohoyandou, Limpopo, a town of over 70 000 people, is a typical South African town in this regard.Objectives: The purpose of this research was to understand passenger experiences of mini-bus taxis in Thohoyandou, Limpopo province, South Africa.Method: This study used semi-structured interviews to explore the mobility challenges faced by the residents of Thohoyandou.Results: This study revealed several negative aspects impacting passenger experiences. Passengers consistently reported concerns regarding driver’s behaviour that compromised safety and security. This included overloading of vehicles and disregard for traffic regulations. Passengers also highlighted the challenges posed by poor transport infrastructure and a lack of reliable service. Collectively, these factors contribute to limited mobility options, increased transportation costs and a reduced quality of life. Furthermore, the shortcomings of mini-bus taxi services disproportionately affect people with disability, who already face significant societal barriers, further marginalising them within the transportation system.Conclusion: The government should increase investment in transport infrastructure, the enforcement of traffic laws and better driver training. However, a strong government combined with much political will is required if passengers and safety are to be the main priorities of the mini-bus taxi industry.Contribution: This study highlights challenges faced by public transport users in Thohoyandou, where mini-bus taxis serve as the main mode of transport. The challenges experienced by transport users not only reduce their mobility but also contribute to marginalisation of vulnerable groups, especially people with disability.
LE GRAND BASCULEMENT DE LA VIOLENCE
Authors: Thery Herve
Published: October 2024

The article is based on original maps produced using data from the Atlas of Violence published by the Institute for Applied Economic Research (Ipea) and the Brazilian Public Security Forum, showing huge spatial differences in the distribution of homicides. They associate the number of homicides recorded in each of the country's municipalities (represented by the size of the proportional circles) and the proportion of these homicides in relation to the municipal population (represented by a color gradation), while the background map is colored according to the municipal development index calculated by Firjan. The map drawn for the year 2021 confirms a clear evolution in relation to previous situations (1989, 1999, 2009 and 201), a shift in crime towards the Northeast and North regions, while the number and proportion of homicides in the population fell rapidly in the main capitals of the Southeast. Keywords: Violence, Movement, Crime.
INTEGRATING SOCIO-ECOLOGICAL CONNECTIONS INTO URBAN PLANNING
Authors: Oliveira Nardella , Domingues Getulio Fonseca , Marcatti Gustavo Eduardo , Santos Alexandre Rosa dos , Vieira Fábio Almeida
Published: October 2024

Urban ecology increasingly recognizes urban vacant lots as spaces with untapped aesthetic, social, and environmental potentials. This study focuses on strategies for converting these lots into green areas in Mossoró, a semi-arid city in Brazil, by analyzing urban connectivity patterns. Using a Geographic Information System, the study identifies priority areas for green space conversion based on factors like urban planning, density, land cover, and vacant lots. The analysis revealed 429 hectares of highly suitable land for conversion. A resistance surface was also created, factoring in public amenities and urban infrastructure, which showed varying levels of resistance to human movement. Areas with well-developed infrastructure had lower resistance, encouraging human and ecological movement. Connectivity modeling highlighted a need for more green infrastructure, especially in peripheral regions, to address socio-spatial fragmentation and enhance urban resilience in Mossoró. Keywords: Connectivity, Green Infrastructure, Urban Vacant Lots.
EROSION IN SOILS ADDED WITH HYDROGEL
Authors: Falcão Sobrinho José , Barbosa Francisca Edineide Lima
Published: October 2024

Soil erosion is currently the main cause of soil degradation. Therefore, it is urgent to implement technologies that aim to reduce erosion processes. The effects of hydrogel on water storage and its ability to reduce surface runoff and soil losses were evaluated. Experiments were set up in pots and in the field, with different doses of hydrogel and under different managements, respectively. In pots, the treatments were: T0 and T02 - 0 g of hydrogel; T0.5g - 0.5 g; T1g - 1 g; T2g - 2g; T3g - 3 g; T4g - 4g and T5g - 5 g of hydrogel. In the field, 13.3 g of hydrogel/m2 was applied to erosion plots installed in an area with soursop cultivation under different conservation managements, namely: – T1 - Planting in contour lines + stone cordons + grass planting; T2 - Planting downhill, without grass; T3 - Contour planting + grass planting and T4 - Downhill planting + grass planting. The total volume of water percolated in each pot and the surface runoff and soil losses were measured. It was concluded that doses between 4 and 5 g/pot cause increases in water retention of more than 20%, mainly after 4 or 5 wetting and drying cycles. The high variability of the treatments made it difficult to measure the effects of the hydrogel on soil losses, requiring more field studies using the polymer. Keywords: Surface Runoff, Storage, Conservation Practices
EXPLORING CLIMATIC PATTERNS AMONG BRAZILIAN CAPITALS
Authors: Souza Amaury de , Medeiros Elias Silva de
Published: October 2024

This study aims to examine the patterns of climatic variables and delineate climatically homogeneous regions among Brazilian capitals using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and clustering techniques. Annual climate data from 26 state capitals and the Federal District of Brazil were analyzed, covering the period from 1958 to 2022, representing different regions of the country. The PCA results revealed that the first three principal components accounted for 91.8% of the total data variability. Four climatically homogeneous regions were identified: the East region, the Northeast region, the North region and another region that comprises the rest of the country. Cluster Analysis (CA) also confirmed the formation of four homogeneous groups among municipalities based on climatic variables. The analysis of spatial distribution showed significant variations in annual climate variables between Brazilian capitals, with maximum values observed for maximum and minimum temperatures, precipitation, wind speed, relative humidity, evapotranspiration and soil moisture. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of climate variability in Brazilian capitals and provide a basis for future studies on climate dynamics and regional impacts. Keywords: Principal Component Analysis, Cluster Analysis, Multivariate Analysis; Biplot
EPOC y asma: experiencias y significados de un grupo de pacientes y cuidadores en Bogotá
Authors: Ospina Deaza Juan Camilo
Published: October 2024

Este estudio cualitativo en Bogotá explora la vivencia de pacientes y cuidadores de EPOC y asma mediante enfoques etnográfico, fenomenológico y participativo, en el contexto del confinamiento por la pandemia de COVID-19. A través de entrevistas, observación y grupos focales virtuales con 20 pacientes y 10 cuidadores, se investigaron las implicaciones de la pandemia, el acceso al sistema de salud, los recursos económicos y la relación con la información sobre la enfermedad. Se identificó una discrepancia entre las recomendaciones médicas y la realidad vivida, resaltando la necesidad de estrategias comunicativas adaptadas. Los participantes señalaron la falta de espacios para compartir experiencias, destacando la importancia de los aspectos emocionales en el manejo de la enfermedad.
Propuesta de un sistema de costeo ABC para la microempresa chocolates de Yoli
Authors: León Carrasco María Verónica , Vásquez Vera Yaneli Maritza , Piñaloza Camacho Fernanda Elizabeth , Torres Negrete Azucena de las Mercedes
Published: October 2024

El Sistema de Costeo Basado en Actividades (ABC) es una metodología que asigna los costos de manera más precisa, basándose en las actividades que generan dichos costos, en lugar de usar un enfoque basado únicamente en el volumen de producción. Este sistema clasifica y desglosa actividades en unidades homogéneas, permitiendo a las empresas identificar con exactitud los costos fijos y variables. Chocolates Yoli, una microempresa dedicada a la producción artesanal de chocolates, enfrenta dificultades en la gestión de sus costos indirectos debido al uso de un sistema tradicional. Implementar el Costeo ABC les permitirá mejorar la precisión en la asignación de costos, optimizando así su proceso de producción y competitividad. El sistema también promueve la sostenibilidad y la innovación en la producción, impulsando la mejora continua y el desarrollo de productos de alta calidad, como parte de su estrategia de crecimiento.
Implementación del costeo basado en actividades (ABC) en la industria láctea: un enfoque para optimizar la gestión de costos en INNOLAC establecimiento de la asociación Ñukanchik Ñan
Authors: Cruz Ilijama Nancy Esther , Yupangui Castelo Johana Alexandra , Yupangui Castelo María Natali , Ordóñez Parra Yanice Licenia
Published: October 2024

En un entorno global competitivo, las empresas lácteas, como INNOLAC, enfrentan la necesidad de optimizar sus procesos para mejorar su rentabilidad. La implementación del sistema de costeo basado en actividades (ABC) se presenta como una estrategia esencial que permite evaluar de manera precisa los costos asociados a las actividades productivas y asignar recursos eficientemente. A través de un análisis detallado, el sistema ABC ayuda a la toma de decisiones informadas, contribuyendo a mejorar la competitividad del sector. Este enfoque se enfoca en identificar y gestionar los costos directos e indirectos, proporcionando a los colaboradores y directivos información valiosa para optimizar la eficiencia operativa. La adopción del sistema ABC en INNOLAC ofrece una oportunidad significativa para maximizar la gestión de costos y asegurar su sostenibilidad en un entorno dinámico y desafiante.
Implementación del costeo basado en actividades (ABC) en la empresa manufacturera de obras y proyectos Flores & Hijo Cía. LTDA: un enfoque para optimizar la gestión de costos en la obra
Authors: Mogrovejo Segarra Jenny Alexandra , Morocho Marín Janeth Paola , Paz Loayza Jennifer Charlotte , Narváez Zurita Ximena Elizabeth
Published: October 2024

La gestión de costos en la manufactura de obras y proyectos ha evolucionado con la adopción del Costeo Basado en Actividades (ABC), un sistema que permite a las organizaciones calcular y asignar costos de manera más precisa a sus actividades y procesos. Según Bustamante (2015), el ABC se fundamenta en la identificación de recursos y en la asignación de costos a productos y servicios, brindando información clave para la toma de decisiones. Aunque el sistema fue pionero en la década de 1980, ha enfrentado desafíos, como altos costos y complejidad en su implementación, que llevaron a una disminución en su uso. Sin embargo, su capacidad para mejorar la rentabilidad al identificar áreas de desperdicio y optimizar procesos lo convierte en una herramienta valiosa. En un entorno competitivo, el ABC se establece como una estrategia fundamental para optimizar la gestión de costos y asegurar la sostenibilidad de las empresas manufactureras.
Designing and Developing a Mobile Academic Platform for University
Authors: Endariahna Surbakti Eunike , Adeline Twince Tobing Fenina , Sasmita Wijaya Sagita , Rinanda Saputri Fahmy
Published: October 2024

Academic consultation is a consultation activity between academic supervisors and students in the study and helps solve problems that accept students. The goal is that students who can complete their studies according to their interests and abilities. The implementation of academic consultation is regulated by each study program / faculty / university. The current academic guidance process at Multimedia Nusantara University does not control the students being guided. In addition, the current process of distributing student assistance is done manually by the head and vice of the study program. They divide the average number of students by the number of lecturers. With the random number algorithm, pseudo random number generator will help the division of students with automatic divide. The pseudo random number generator algorithm was chosen because it has the advantage of providing initial value of the process that is produced quickly, simply and saves storage. The design of this online academic consultation application will assist in the academic monitoring process anytime and anywhere. This application developed using flutter and can be use by students and supervisor. The result from this research was application successfully developed and received a score of 88 % for UEQ Questionare, which is categorized as excellent.
The Role of Virtualization Technology to Increase Operational Cost Efficiency of Indonesian SMEs: Case Study of Internet Service Providers
Authors: Iswara Sanantagraha Arnastya , Puspitaloka Mahadewi Erlina
Published: October 2024

This research investigates the role of virtualization technology in enhancing operational cost efficiency for Indonesian Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs), specifically Internet Service Providers (ISPs). A quantitative approach, utilizing Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) version 2.0, was employed to analyze data collected from 68 respondents representing 216 Indonesian SME ISPs. The study focused on the relationship between virtualization technology planning, adaptation capability, server consolidation services, and operational cost effectiveness. The findings demonstrate that adaptability to virtualization technology is the most significant factor influencing operational cost efficiency. Effective implementation requires careful planning and a proactive approach to adapting to the technology's demands. Server consolidation services play a crucial role in optimizing resource utilization and reducing costs while virtualization technology offers substantial benefits, SMEs should carefully assess their specific needs and resources before implementation. Factors such as infrastructure, skills, and business objectives should be evaluated to ensure successful adoption and maximize cost savings. This research provides a foundation for further exploration into the impact of virtualization technology on SMEs. Future studies could investigate the applicability of these findings in different contexts, such as other industry sectors or regions. Additionally, examining the long-term effects of virtualization technology adoption and the potential for scalability could offer valuable insights. Further research could also focus on the challenges and opportunities associated with virtualization technology adoption in SMEs with varying sizes and resources.
CAPÍTULO V. OTROS SUPUESTOS ESPECIALES EN EL ÁMBITO DE LA ADMINISTRACIÓN AUTONÓMICA
Authors: Carrasco López Ignacio , Gayo Rubio Antonio , Fernández Mallol Antonio Luis , González-Deleito Domínguez Nicolás
Published: October 2024

SUMARIO: I. RESPONSABILIDAD DEL ESTADO LEGISLADOR. INCUMPLIMIENTO DEL DERECHO COMUNITARIO. DEBER RESARCITORIO DE LA UNIÓN EUROPEA POR ACTOS DE NATURALEZA NORMATIVA DE LAS INSTITUCIONES COMUNITARIAS II. RESPONSABILIDAD PATRIMONIAL Y CONTRATACIÓN PÚBLICA. ESPECIAL CONSIDERACIÓN A LA RESPONSABILIDAD PATRIMONIAL DERIVADA DE ACTOS DE CONCESIONARIOS Y CONTRATISTAS III. RESPONSABILIDAD POR ANULACIÓN ADMINISTRATIVA O JUDICIAL DE ACTOS O DISPOSICIONES  IV. RESPONSABILIDAD POR INACTIVIDAD DE LA ADMINISTRACIÓN ADMINISTRATIVAS IV. RESPONSABILIDAD POR INACTIVIDAD DE LA ADMINISTRACIÓN
PREVENCIÓN, ASISTENCIA Y REINSERCIÓN EN MATERIA DE DROGAS Y ADICCIONES
Authors: Fernández Ramos Severiano
Published: October 2024

SUMARIO: 1. MARCO LEGAL Y CONCEPTUAL 1.1. Introducción 1.2. Evolución de la normativa autonómica sobre drogodependencias. 1.3. Conceptos básicos 1.3.1. Drogas 1.3.2. Drogodependencias y adicciones 1.3.3. Titulares de derechos y principios 2. ORGANIZACIÓN ADMINISTRATIVA Y COMPETENCIAS 2.1. Administración del Estado 2.2. Administración Junta de Andalucía 2.2.1. Competencias de Administración de la Junta de Andalucía 2.2.2. Órganos de coordinación y gestión 2.3. Administraciones Locales 3. PLANIFICACIÓN 3.1. Los Planes Nacionales sobre Drogas 3.2. El Plan Andaluz sobre Drogas 3.3. Planes locales sobre drogas. 4. PARTICIPACIÓN E INICIATIVA SOCIAL 4.1. Participación 4.2. Iniciativa social 4.2.1. Fomento de la iniciativa social 4.2.2. Autorización, registro y acreditación de entidades y centros 4.2.3. Convenios de colaboración 5. LA PREVENCIÓN DEL CONSUMO DE DROGAS 5.1. Las políticas sobre drogas y adicciones 5.2. Reducción de la demanda 5.3. Control de la oferta 5.3.1. Drogas no instituzionalizadas 5.3.2. Drogas institucionalizadas 6. LA ATENCIÓN A DROGODEPENDIENTES 6.1. La atención en general 6.1.1. La red andaluza de atención a las drogodependencias y adicciones 6.1.2. Especialización versus normalización 6.2. Actuaciones de asistencia. 6.2.1. Competencias 6.2.2. Centros y recursos para la asistencia de drogodependientes 6.2.3. Programas de Reducción del Daño 6.3. Actuaciones de incorporación social 6.3.1. Competencias y programas 6.3.2. Centros y recursos para la rehabilitación e incorporación social 6.4. Actuaciones de inserción laboral 6.4.1. Reserva de puesto de trabajo 6.4.2. Programa de Red de Artesanos 6.4.3. Programa Arquímedes 7. FINAL 8. BIBLIOGRAFÍA Y DOCUMENTACIÓN
Kontakt Library Suling Sunda Sebagai Inovasi dan Alternatif Penciptaan Musik
Authors: Pramudita Arita Bagja , Ruchimat Ismet , Herdini Heri
Published: October 2024

Kontakt Library Suling Sunda merupakan sebuah inovasi yang mentransformasikan bunyi autentik Suling Sunda menjadi sample library untuk digunakan pada perangkat lunak musik atau VST instrument. Proses pengembangan ini melibatkan beberapa langkah utama: pertama, pengambilan sampel dari bunyi asli Suling Sunda; kedua, perekaman sampel tersebut untuk menghasilkan Sample Library; ketiga, konversi sampel menjadi format VST; dan terakhir, penyimpanan dalam Kontakt Library sebagai sound bank. Secara musikal, Suling Sunda memiliki kontur melodi yang sangat bervariasi, dipengaruhi oleh permainan yang spontan serta ornamentasi yang kompleks dan unik, yang masih perlu diidentifikasi lebih lanjut. Kajian ini menggabungkan eksplorasi teknologi dan eksperimen artistik untuk menghasilkan sebuah alat yang memungkinkan para musisi dan komposer menciptakan karya mereka dengan lebih mudah. Dengan menggunakan Kontakt Library ini, musisi dapat menyusun dan menuliskan melodi Suling Sunda langsung ke dalam perangkat lunak notasi musik, sehingga mempermudah proses penciptaan musik. Karya ini diharapkan menjadi alternatif yang menarik bagi mereka yang ingin memanfaatkan suara tradisional dalam konteks teknologi modern.
СИНТЕЗ КРИМИНОЛОГО-ИСТОРИЧЕСКОГО ЗНАНИЯ КАК ПЕРСПЕКТИВА РАЗВИТИЯ НАУКИ О ПРЕСТУПНОСТИ
Authors:   Московский государственный юридический университет имени О.Е. Кутафина, Пудовочкин Юрий Евгеньевич
Published: October 2024

Связь криминологии с иными науками всегда мыслилась важным компонентом приращения научного знания о преступности и развития методологии криминологических исследований. Одним из направлений такой связи выступает взаимодействие криминологии и истории. Обе науки в этой части движутся навстречу друг другу. Принцип историзма, как неотъемлемый элемент методологии отечественной криминологии, стимулировал изучение криминологами истории преступности и ее отдельных видов, истории профилактической и правоохранительной деятельности, истории развития криминологических теорий. Диверсификация методологических основ исторической науки и развитие социальной истории, в свою очередь, также обусловило внимание историков к проблемам преступности и ее предупреждения. Между тем, применение исторического метода в криминологии и включение преступности в предмет исторических исследований остаются относительно самостоятельными и не связанными друг с другом процессами. А теоретическое осмысление междисциплинарных связей криминологии с историей неоправданно остается «белым пятном». Такая ситуация не является специфически российской проблемой и в последние годы привлекает активное внимание специалистов по всеми миру. В англоязычной науке отсутствие взаимодействия между криминологией и историей объясняется, прежде всего, целями и организацией исследований. Если историки изучают прошлое ради раскрытия самого прошлого, без акцентированной его связи с настоящим, то криминологи, напротив, сосредоточены на изучении настоящего и обращаются к прошлому лишь в той мере, в какой оно способно объяснить происходящие в настоящем процессы. Однако эта автономность, порожденная во многом искусственными границами, справедливо оспаривается. Наука делает уверенные шаги в направлении преодоления отраслевой замкнутости криминологии и истории. Результатом этой работы стало развитие исторической криминологии как особого подхода к изучению преступности и связанных с ней проблем. Специальные монографические исследования, совместные коллективные обсуждения, организация тематических выпусков авторитетных журналов, разработка специализированных программ обучения направлены на то, чтобы обеспечить полномасштабное включение исторического компонента в криминологическую науку через стимулирование исторического мышления и пересмотр отживших историософских представлений о взаимосвязи прошлого,настоящего и будущего.
THE LIFE IMPRISONMENT AND HUMAN SAFE GUARD IN EXTRADITION SYSTEM OF CHINA
Authors:   Beijing Normal University, College for Criminal Law, Chao Yang
Published: October 2024

Extradition is a traditional judicial cooperation between States, which represents the judicial sovereignty, in another side, the human right protection in extradition cooperation is important as well. The relationship between the life imprisonment and extradition is deserved to noted. This paper will first focus on the life Imprisonment in Chinese law system, then by analysis the key cases of European Court of Human Rights, the author discusses the obstacles results by life imprisonment in extradition, and how could resolved the legal obstacles, find the possible alternative solutions to life imprisonment as a legal obstacle in the extradition cooperation.
THE NEW AGGRAVATING CIRCUMSTANCES REGARDING HOMICIDE AND BODILY HARM, A NEW VISION OF THE ROMANIAN CRIMINAL LEGISLATOR
Authors:   Faculty of Law, West University of Timișoara, Stan Adrian
Published: October 2024

A series of laws amending the Romanian Criminal Code and the Criminal Procedure Code, adopted in summer of 2023 surprised the legal practitioners. It is not so much the opportunity of the amendments that is surprising, some being necessary for some years, but above all the incoherent way they were adopted, from some more consistent laws (Law no. 200/2023) to others containing a single article (Law no. 217/2023). The enactment of some norms to those decided by the Romanian Constitutional Court was, indeed, an imperative, which, unsatisfied in time, led for a long time to the direct application of the decisions of the Constitutional Court. And with regard to the substance of the changes, a series of clarifications can be made. Law 248/2023, on which we will dwell, is part of this veritable “avalanche” of changes, which rightly confuses the professionist. This document implies new circumstantial elements of aggravation of some delicts and also modifying some criminalization rules. We aim to analyze in our paper the new aggravating special circumstances, among which the “bodily harm”, delict, when the victim is in the care, protection, education, or treatment of the perpetrator, if the victim is a minor, if the act is committed in public or if the perpetrator detains a firearm, an object, a device, a substance or an animal that can endanger life, health or bodily integrity of people. Furthermore, we will observe that, in these situations, the prosecutor can draft the accusation even if the victim remains in passivity, and that is, in our opinion, a very important step in protecting the victim rights. We will conclude that some of these criminal policy options are useful, but others raise serious problems of predictability and will lead to certain inequities.
LIFE: RIGHT OR DUTY? REFLECTIONS ON CERTAIN “END OF LIFE” ISSUES THAT HAVE ARISEN IN ITALY
Authors:   Criminal Studies Institute, Interdepartmental Research Centre of the University of Calabria, Caterini Mario , Gallo Morena ,   University of Calabria
Published: October 2024

The Italian Constitutional Court declared the popular referendum request for the partial repeal of Article 579 of the penal code inadmissible, but the question was declared inadmissible because, as a result of the repeal, the constitutionally required minimum protection of human life, in general and with particular reference to weak and vulnerable people, would have been lost. The contribution, having made some critical premises on legal paternalism and outlined the liberal-solidaristic system that emerges from the Italian Constitution, deals with the possible normative options available to the legislator to make the holder of the good “life” make well-considered and informed choices and, thus, avoid any self-damaging “errors” in terms of “end of life" choices. The research, in particular, deals with the nudge strategies, useful to direct, in a soft way, the choices of the holder of the “life” good in the direction that the legislator believes desirable, but without prejudice to individual freedom of final option. It emerges that nudge strategies are consistent with anti-paternalistic legislative options and are, in some respects, imposed by a liberal-solidaristic system such as the one designed by the Italian Constitution. The work, therefore, investigates the most recent Italian constitutional jurisprudence on the subject of the “end of life” and the effects on the presumed obligations of penal protection of life, with an overlapping, if any, of the judgement on the “meritability” of punishment to that on the “necessity” of the same, which instead should be referred to the discretionary evaluation of the legislator and, a fortiori, to the will of the people in the event of a referendum. The protection of a constitutionally relevant legal asset, including life, is, in fact, a necessary condition, but not sufficient for criminal protection, which requires a further assessment, both of the merits and of the necessity of the penalty, in the same way as the general principle of extrema ratio. The conclusions are aimed at sustaining the lack, in Italy, of constitutional obligations of criminalisation, even to protect life, a fortiori in the matter of euthanasia, because behaviour, even if self-damaging, if not subject to coercion or undue pressure, if not vitiated by a cognitive vulnerability, if the result of a well-informed and well-considered choice, must be left to the autonomy of the individual without forced interference by the State through criminal sanction. Keywords: murder of the consenting, protection of human life, paternalism, “critical” function of the legal right, obligations of criminal sanctions.
CRIMINAL OFFENSES AGAINST SEXUAL FREEDOM - ASSESSMENT OF THE TESTIMONY OF JUVENILE VICTIMS
Authors:   Faculty of Health and Business Studies Valjevo, Singidunum University Belgrade, Obradović Dragan
Published: October 2024

Women in general, regardless of age, are exposed to a high risk of sexual violence. This group also includes minors, i.e. children. The paper points to certain significant international regulations, as well as the most important domestic regulations that provide protection to victims of sexual violence. The question important for court proceedings is being considered - to what extent can the testimony of children or minor victims of sexual violence be believed, given the fact that these victims are usually alone against the perpetrator of the crime to their detriment, as a rule, a person older than them. Through examples from individual court cases, the importance of evaluating the testimony of that category of victims as acceptable evidence for passing a conviction is indicated.
STERILIZATION AND DISABILITY: FROM ATYPICALITY TO CRIMINALIZATION
Authors:   University Francisco de Vitoria, Spain, Guerrero Lorena Velasco
Published: October 2024

Physical integrity is a right recognized in various bills of rights, as well as in constitutional and political texts. A right considered absolute and not subject to limitation, not even by the will of the person holding it, bodily affectation is only accepted in those cases authorized by law. In Spain, the impact on physical integrity in cases of voluntary sterilization, organ donation and sex change operations are decriminalized. This decriminalization was also extended to persons with disabilities in 1995. However, social criticism has led to its repeal in 2020. This paper seeks to analyze the regulations related to the sterilization of judicially incapacitated people with disabilities in Spain, its origin and evolution, and to make a comparative analysis of the regulation in different European countries. The aim is to understand the changes that have occurred in the different legislations and the current legal framework.
FEMICIDE/FEMINICIDE IN CRIMINAL LAW: DO WE NEED A NEW CRIMINAL OFFENCE?
Authors:   Union University School of Law, Belgrade, Jovanović Slađana
Published: October 2024

The author examines relevant definitions, surveys and actual legal responses to femicide, focusing on the state of affairs in the Republic of Serbia, especially dilemma about introducing femicide as a new, separate criminal offence. The actual data on femicide are presented, as well as the overview of the historic perspective, and the difficulties in defining the phenomenon in order to collect accurate and comparable data as the solid base for creating adequate responses. The author focuses on arguments pro and contra introducing femicide as separate criminal offence having in mind actual trends in Serbian criminal law characterized by penal populism, as well as often hastily made interventions without much thinking about their outcomes in practice and lack of adequate implementation of already existing good provisions and preventive mechanisms.
THE RIGHT TO BODILY INTEGRITY AND HELATH AND THE RIGHT TO LIFE IN THE LIGHT OF THE ECHR CASE-LAW AGAINST ROMANIA
Authors:   Faculty of Law, West University Timisoara, Center for Research in Criminal Sciences, Stanila Laura Maria
Published: October 2024

Guaranteeing the right to health, bodily integrity and the right to life is not only achieved at the legislative level by prohibiting intentional or culpable conduct under criminal sanctions, but also effectively by streamlining the functioning of institutions, bodies and procedures whose dysfunctions, although are not directly related to these rights, may significantly affect them. In this article, we propose an incursion into the case-law of the European Court of Human Rights with regard to the Romanian State, analyzing those decisions pronounced against Romania through which the Court found violations of the rights provided for by the Convention which also affected the bodily integrity, health or life of a person.
CRIMINAL LAW PROTECTION OF THE RIGHT TO LIFE IN THE LEGISLATION OF THE REPUBLIC OF SRPSKA
Authors:   Faculty of Law, University of Banja Luka, Babić Miloš , Marković Ivanka ,   Constitutional Court of the Republic of Srpska, Faculty of Law, University of Banja Luka
Published: October 2024

Constitutional provisions of all modern states ensure a dominant place for the right to life within the system of fundamental human rights and freedoms. As such, it enjoys the status of an absolutely protected right, which states cannot abolish or limit under any conditions. The criminal law protection of the right to life, which is independent, comprehensive, and primary, is realized through incriminations that can be divided into two groups. The first group consists of those criminal acts where the right to life is the primary object of protection, while the second group consists of criminal acts where the primary protection is of other goods or values, with the violation or endangerment of the right to life being a qualifying circumstance of the act. In Bosnia and Herzegovina, due to the system of parallel and divided jurisdiction in criminal legislation, the criminal law protection of the right to life belongs to the entities and the Brčko District of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The authors analyze the criminal law protection of this right in the legislation of the Republic of Srpska, pointing out the differences that exist in this area within the criminal laws of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
OBLIGATIONS OF INSTITUTIONS REGARDING THE PROTECTION OF THE RIGHT TO LIFE
Authors:   Institute of Comparative Law, Belgrade, Serbia, Kostić Jelena
Published: October 2024

The right to life is a basic human rigt. Itˋs contained both in international documents and in legal acts adopted at the national level. In each state, the abovementioned right is proclaimed by the Constitution, while the mechanisms for its protection and sanctions for its infringement are prescribed by various laws. The absence of protection of life can be the basis for different types of liability. Certain categories are particularly sensitive when it comes to the threat of that right. These are children, the elderly, the sick, etc. Every institution has an obligation to implement a series of measures in order to protect the persons residing there for various reasons from negative influences that threaten their life and physical integrity. In this paper, we start from the assumptiom that at the level of various institutions there is no awareness of the need to establish mechanisms for the protection of life, as well as the potential responsibility for not establishing them and violating the aforementioned values. That is why we tried to point out the need to improve the responsibility of institutions regarding the protection of life, the importance of the existence of mechanisms for the protection of the right to life at the level of institutions, as well as the possible consequences of failing to establish them.
Los Recursos Procesales en el Código Orgánico General de Procesos del Ecuador
Authors: Ruiz Castillo Santiago Vinicio , Arrobo Rodriguez Silvia Karina
Published: October 2024

El proceso judicial está intrínsecamente ligado al poder jurisdiccional, constituyendo un conjunto de actos coordinados que se presentan ante el órgano jurisdiccional competente para resolver conflictos mediante la aplicación de la normativa pertinente. El inicio del proceso judicial se da con la presentación de una demanda y, con la contestación de la misma, se establece una relación jurídica procesal entre las partes involucradas, en este caso el accionante y accionado.
En el marco de la Constitución de la República del Ecuador y de nuestro ordenamiento jurídico, los sujetos procesales tienen el derecho de recurrir resoluciones judiciales cuando consideran que han sido agraviados sus derechos o perjudicados. La impugnación, que es facultativa, busca modificar o sustituir la resolución en cuestión dentro del mismo proceso, y no necesariamente depende de un error del juzgador. El ordenamiento jurídico procesal ecuatoriano contempla tanto recursos horizontales como verticales para garantizar el derecho a la defensa y la seguridad jurídica a través del debido proceso.
The Evolution of Accounting Practices in Lesotho: From Colonial Influences to Contemporary Standards
Authors: Omotoso Matthew O. , Oni Francis A. , Nteboheleng Tilo
Published: October 2024

This research explores the historical trajectory of accounting practices in Lesotho, from their origins during the colonial era to the adoption of current international standards. Adopting a qualitative historical analysis methodology, the study systematically examines governmental records, archival sources, early financial statements, and academic literature to trace the introduction of Western accounting systems by British colonial administrators. These systems gradually replaced the indigenous Basotho approaches to trade and record-keeping. Special attention is given to Lesotho’s adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) through the full adoption method, which was implemented to align the nation’s financial reporting with global practices. The research also assesses relevant financial laws and regulatory frameworks to highlight the significant changes shaping Lesotho’s accounting landscape. The findings reveal a nuanced interaction between colonial legacies, local traditions, and globalization, underscoring ongoing challenges in balancing cultural preservation with the demands of a modern economy. This study provides new insights into the evolution of accounting practices in Lesotho, reflecting the complex interplay between tradition and international accounting standards.
АНАЛИЗ ЭНЕРГОПОТРЕБЛЕНИЯ ПРИ НЕПРЕРЫВНЫМ И ДИСКРЕТНЫМ РЕГУЛИРОВАНИЕМ ПОДАЧИ НА НАСОСНОЙ СТАНЦИИ ПЕРВОГО ПОДЪЕМА
Authors: Р. Б. Косымбаев  , Ю. Ф. Булатбаева  , Ф.Н. Булатбаев
Published: October 2024

Статья посвящена результатам исследования методов регулирования насосных станций первого подъема. Эти насосные станции чаще всего подают воду в аккумулирующие емкости, что отличает их от насосных станций следующих подъемов. По причине отсутствия видимой необходимости в регулировании подачи на таких станциях обычно применяется дискретный метод регулирования, который заключается в запуске насосов при достижении минимального уровня воды в аккумулирующей емкости и последующем отключении при достижении верхнего уровня, тем самым поддерживая уровень в резервуаре. При наполнении резервуара уровень в резервуаре суммируется с статическим напором, который зависит от геодезической высоты между уровнем водоема, который также склонен к изменениям и дном емкости. Эти колебания статического напора приводят к лишнему расходу электроэнергии. В целях сокращения расхода электроэнергии необходимо обеспечить равенство между подачей и водопотреблением, что возможно при применении метода непрерывного регулирования. В процессе исследования сделан вывод о том, что при непрерывном методе регулирования подача насоса стремится к равенству с водопотреблением. В результате этого потребляемая мощность равняется необходимой на данный момент мощности, что приводит к стабилизации статического напора и соответственно уровня воды в емкости. Данная стабилизация приводит к значительному снижению энергозатрат. Ключевые слова: преобразователь частоты, насосная станция, энергоэффективность, электродвигатель, Simulink.
НЕКОТОРЫЕ АСПЕКТЫ ОПТИМИЗАЦИОННОЙ ЗАДАЧИ ЭНЕРГОЭФФЕКТИВНОЙ РАБОТЫ КОМПЛЕКСА ПО ПРОКАЛКЕ КОКСА
Authors: Г. А. Айтмагамбетова  , А. С. Никифоров
Published: October 2024

Данная статья представляет исследование, посвященное вопросам оптимизации энергоэффективности комплекса по прокалке кокса. Авторы осуществляют анализ процесса с использованием метода графов, который является мощным инструментом для изучения технологических схем. Они демонстрируют процесс построения ориентированного графа, а также составления структурной матрицы и матрицы смежности контуров схемы. Это позволяет подробно описать структуру графа и предоставить математическую основу для оптимизации процесса моделирования. Дополнительно, для каждого элемента схемы разрабатываются балансовые уравнения энергетических потоков, анализируются перепады давлений и энтальпий. Такой подход способствует более эффективному управлению энергопотоками и оптимизации работы комплекса, что важно для повышения его производительности и снижения затрат. Дополнительно к анализу энергоэффективности и оптимизации процесса прокалки кокса, статья также обсуждает значимость этих методов для современной промышленности. Представленный подход к моделированию и оптимизации процессов является ключевым для улучшения конкурентоспособности предприятий и снижения их экологического воздействия. Такой комплексный подход не только способствует повышению эффективности производства, но и позволяет сократить затраты и уменьшить негативное воздействие на окружающую среду. Таким образом, статья представляет не только теоретический анализ, но и практические рекомендации для улучшения энергоэффективности промышленных процессов. Ключевые слова: оптимизация, энергоэффективность, прокалка кокса, метод графа, матрица.