bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Virtual Course of Persian and Complementary Medicine of Smart University of Medical Sciences from the Students' Point of View: An Online Survey Study
Authors: Habibi Amin , Shokri Taiebe , Sabet Babak , Rezaeizadeh Hossein , Khani Hamed , Nasouri Fatemeh
Published: September 2024

Persian medicine is an ancient medical school that prioritizes preserving health over treatment. It is a holistic approach that considers genetics, lifestyle, and other factors to find the root cause of a disease. This study investigated the virtual course of Persian and complementary medicine from the perspective of students. We conducted a cross-sectional study. A standard questionnaire was used to collect data from 750 participants. The tool's validity was confirmed based on its content validity, and Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to estimate the internal consistency of this questionnaire. The questionnaire measured the effectiveness of the virtual education system in various dimensions, and the participants completed it electronically at the end of the course. SPSS 26.0 was used to analyze the collected data. The study used frequency, percentage, and mean to describe data and a desirability score was calculated for each question to evaluate course quality from participants' perspective. The results of the one-sample t-test indicate that the sample mean (57.111) is higher than the population mean (90) (p < 0.01). Based on the independent samples t-test, the mean attitude score of female students towards course is higher than that of male students (p > 0.05). The ANOVA analysis results regarding the mean attitude scores of students towards the course based on their field of study show that the mean attitude scores vary across different fields of study (p < 0.05). The result of present study emphasizes the importance of developing education in Persian medicine in universities to meet the clinical needs of the community and improve health and well-being. This can also promote the status of Persian medicine globally.
Formulation, Standardization, and Characterization of a Novel Herbal Medicine Tablet Containing Rosehip Extract
Authors: Ayati Zahra , Emami Seyed Ahmad , Javadi Behjat , Aalinezhad Shokoufeh , Mohtashami Leila , Boghrati Zahra , Taleb Amirmahdi , Abbaspour Mohammad Reza
Published: September 2024

The fruit of Rosa canina L., commonly known as rosehip, has a long history of use in treating various disorders such as osteoarthritis and cardiovascular diseases. However, like many other herbal extracts, rosehip dried extract presents challenges due to its hygroscopic and sticky properties. This poses difficulties in developing solid pharmaceutical dosage forms utilizing rosehip extract. Hence, the objective of this study was to formulate and standardize a tablet containing rosehip extract. To achieve this goal, a novel wet granulation method was employed in this study to develop a tablet formulation of rosehip extract. This method utilized rosehip concentrated extract as a granulation liquid, and double granulation was employed to optimize the content of the extract. Various formulations were systematically evaluated to determine the optimal composition and ratio of excipients. Subsequently, the final formulations underwent rigorous assessment of their physicochemical properties and stability. Rosehip extract and its tablets were standardized based on ascorbic acid and total polyphenol content, using HPLC and Folin-Ciocalteu methods accordingly. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to report the double-wet-granulation method in a tablet formulation design along with an examination of its impact on the total polyphenol content of the extract. The key advantage of employing this method lies in its capability to incorporate liquid extract into a solid formulation, thereby facilitating the accommodation of escalating dosages of extract in each tablet. However, it is important to note that this method does come with certain limitations. Primarily, the extended formulation process necessitates prolonged exposure of active ingredients to heat and oxygen, which may potentially affect their stability and efficacy.
A Review on Galactogogic Properties of India's Rich Tradition of Medicinal Herbs and Spices for Lactation
Authors: Pahuja Aastha , Jain Monika , Rawat Kritika
Published: September 2024

Throughout history, herbalists and traditional healers have wielded the power of plant-based remedies, an ancient practice now embraced by modern science. Delving into the therapeutic properties of conventional herbs and spices is a recent pursuit. Galactogogues, compounds known for their ability to heighten prolactin levels by modulating dopamine receptors, stand as agents amplifying milk production—a vital function for lactation. This study endeavors to meticulously explore medicinal spices and herbs recognized for their remarkable capacity to augment breast milk production. Methodologically, information pertaining to medicinal herbs and spices recognized for promoting lactation was extracted from reputable literature. A meticulous exploration across multiple academic databases, encompassing PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science, was undertaken to authenticate the impacts of these medicinal plants on lactation, considering their identified pharmacological properties. The findings underscored the potency of Trigonella foenum-graecum L., Asparagus racemosus W., Zingiber officinale Roscoe, Moringa oleifera L., Cuminum cyminum L., and Trachyspermum ammi L., contribute to increased lactation. They achieve this through mechanisms such as phytoestrogenic effects, vasodilation, stimulation of mammary growth, and facilitation of breast milk production. In conclusion, the fusion of traditional wisdom with contemporary scientific inquiry offers a promising avenue for discovering potent phyto- pharmaceuticals that effectively boost breast milk production. Leveraging this amalgamation may yield impactful advancements in maternal health and lactation support.
Desafíos de la educación superior durante la pandemia por COVID 19: Revisión sistemática de literatura
Authors: Hoyos García Wilmar , Gómez Contreras Jennifer Lorena , Camargo Mayorga David Andrés
Published: October 2024

Objetivo: Caracterizar los desafíos de la educación superior identificados por los estudiantes durante la pandemia por COVID 19. Metodología: Se realizó una búsqueda sistemática de literatura en Scopus. Resultados: Los desafíos se clasificaron en las siguientes categorías: prácticas educativas en el ecosistema digital y el impacto del COVID-19 en la educación desde los factores motivacional y económico. Discusión y conclusiones: Pese a la capacitación brindada por las universidades en el uso de TIC en los procesos educativos durante pandemia, algunos estudiantes consideran que no recibieron preparación suficiente y no obtuvieron un soporte técnico oportuno. De otro lado, aspectos como el aislamiento, la incertidumbre, el estrés, la angustia, la ansiedad, la depresión, y el malestar físico y mental de los estudiantes producto del proceso de adaptación a la Educación Remota de Emergencia evidenciaron la necesidad de abordar aspectos relacionados con la salud de los estudiantes. Respecto a la brecha digital, se evidenció que el uso compartido de dispositivos y los problemas de conexión a internet dificultaron el acceso a las clases en línea. También se concluye que estrategias que son eficaces en la presencialidad no necesariamente lo son en escenarios educativos en línea mediados por TIC.
Assessment of the aerogenic impact of the Norilsk industrial complex on the natural environment using epigeal lichens
Authors: Gorbunov Anatoly V. , Petrenko Dmitry B. , Ermolaev Boris V. , Dronova Anna A. , Aristarkhova Elizaveta V. , Okina Olga I.
Published: October 2024

Relevance. The need to study the features of aerogenic effects of the Norilsk industrial complex on the natural environment. Aim. To study the features of the aerogenic effects of the Norilsk industrial complex in the south-southwest zone at a distance of 40–60 km using lichens Cladonia rungeferina and Cetraria sp. Objects. Soil, lichens Cladonia rungeferina and Cetraria sp. Methods. Soil and lichen samples were taken 40–60 km south-southwest of the Norilsk Industrial district. Sampling was carried out according to the scheme of two profiles with a length of 14 and 20 km. The samples were analyzed using a set of methods consisting of X-ray fluorescence (S4 Pioneer Bruker AXS), atomic absorption methods (KVANT-2A, Julia-5K) and induction-coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ELEMENT-2) in the laboratory of the GIN RAS, Moscow. The concentration of Ti, V, Ni, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Rb, Cd, Sb, Ba, La was determined. Results. The authors have obtained the data on the concentration of the 21 elements in soils and lichens. The paper demonstrates the calculation of distribution of elements in soil and lichens relative to the concentration in the upper part of the continental crust. The authors calculated the enrichment factor EF for Mn, Ni, Cu, Hg, Pb and estimated the distribution of this coefficient for both profiles. It is shown that the technogenic component of the aerogenic effect for Mn, Ni, Cu, Pb to the south-southwest of the Norilsk industrial complex at a distance of 40–60 km is practically absent. The increased values of the enrichment factor EF in lichens for Hg are explained by a combination of two factors – the constant presence of mercury in significant concentrations in ecosystems and tundra fires that took place in this zone in 2019–2020, which ultimately led to the re-deposition of Hg in the burnt areas.
Chemical elements migration in underground waters of mining territory
Authors: Rybnikova Liudmila S. , Rybnikov Petr A. , Navolokina Vera Yu.
Published: October 2024

Relevance. The need to study the forms of migration of chemical elements in the groundwater of flooded copper pyrite mines in order to correctly understand and predict their transfer and distribution in hydrogeochemical fields. Ground and surface waters are a complex mixture of substances in which, depending on pH, Eh and t °С, phase transitions are formed with subsequent dissolution or precipitation of minerals. To solve these problems, numerical hydrogeomigration modeling is used, including physicochemical, which allows drawing conclusions about the scale of pollution and the localization of such areas for subsequent development of measures to improve the state of the hydrosphere. Aim. To determine the forms of metal migration in groundwater and to calculate water saturation indices in relation to minerals. Objects. Groundwater in the territory of the closed Levikha copper pyrite mine. Methods. Laboratory studies of groundwater were carried out using flame emission spectrometry, flame atomic absorption, photometric method with Nessler's reagent, titrimetric, mercumetric and potentiometric methods; mass spectrometry with ionization in inductively coupled plasma and gravimetric method. Physical and chemical modeling using the software product Visual MINTEQ 3.1. Results. According to the results of processing chemical analyzes and physical and chemical modeling, all tested wells are divided into groups: 1) wells no. 1, 2, 3 and 6, located within the former mining allotment (near the Levikha XIV mine, a man-made reservoir, the Levikha II mine and a neutralization station); 2) represented by water in wells no. 4 near the shaft of the mine Tsentralnaya and no. 5 near the dump Yuzhny; 3) well no. 7, located near the mouth of the Levikha river. Saturation indices and forms of migration of components in the aquatic environment make it possible to identify the scale of pollution and the localization of such areas. Thus, with the current pumping system, there is no large-scale pollution of groundwater at the Levikha mine. It is localized in the area of the Tsentralny mine shaft (well no. 4) and the Yuzhny dump (well no. 5).
Application of ultrasound for leaching Vietnamese monazite concentrate with NaOH solutions to obtain chlorides of rare earth elements
Authors: Hoang Xuan Thi , Hoang Nhuan , Nguyen Thi Men , Hoang Thị Tuyen , Ngo Van Tuyen , Hoang Van Duc , Tran Ngoc Ha , Vuong Huu Anh , Nguyen Huu Duc , Le Son H. , Karelin Vladimir A.
Published: October 2024

Relevance. Despite the use of alkali stripping technology for processing monazite concentrate in industry, this method has a number of limitations, such as low efficiency of concentrate stripping, the need to use a large excess of alkali and a long process time. Aim. Improvement of existing technology to overcome these limitations. Methods. Fusion with NaOH under pressure and fusion with NaOH combined with ball milling, as well as fusion with NaOH using high intensity ultrasound. High-intensity ultrasound has long been studied and used in industry to intensify leaching/alloying in various applications to increase efficiency and speed in leaching for copper, vanadium, nickel, bauxite and uranium ores. This article is devoted to studying the influence of high-intensity ultrasound on the efficiency of opening monazite concentrate with NaOH solutions. Experimental data were obtained using mass spectrometric, X-ray diffraction and ICP-OES analysis methods. Results and conclusions. The optimal conditions for leaching batches of samples weighing from 100 g to 1 kg were determined. The authors have carried out the research on the separation of radioactive elements and impurities in a solution of rare earth chlorides, obtaining a solution of rare earth chlorides purified from radioactive components and impurities. It was shown that ultrasonic exposure eliminates the disadvantages of traditional fusion technology with NaOH, which can be used for deep processing of Vietnamese monazite concentrate. The conditions for obtaining REE chlorides from a previously opened monazite concentrate are given.
Drilling fluid for drilling permafrost rocks
Authors: Tretyak Alexander Ya. , Chumakov Andrey A. , Krivosheev Kirill V.
Published: October 2024

Relevance. The article provides an overview of the problem of drilling wells for oil and gas in conditions of permafrost. When constructing wells for various purposes in conditions of permafrost rocks, special requirements are imposed on the selection of the optimal drilling fluid. Deposits in the permafrost zone have significant differences from conditions where rocks have a positive temperature. Aim. For permafrost conditions, the choice of optimal drilling technology plays an important role. The temperature of the drilling fluid during drilling should be equal to the temperature of the rocks being drilled or be slightly lower. Methods. An analysis of the types of flushing agents used for drilling permafrost has been carried out, and the main technologies used in this case have been considered. A description of the developed flushing liquid is given, and its optimal composition is determined. Results and conclusions. The objectives are solved by developing a clay-free polymer drilling fluid with antifreeze additives, which has a freezing point of minus 7°C. The paper considers the issues of reverse freezing of wells and the use of a thermal case in order to improve the thermal regulation of wells. The choice of thermal insulation equipment is outlined based on predicting temperature changes in the properties of rocks. It was shown that reverse freezing of rocks during the construction of oil and gas wells leads to leaks and collapse of casing columns, freezing of casing columns to the walls of the well, and failure of columns to reach a given design depth. The paper introduces the formula to determine the pressure, at which the stress in the casing reaches the yield point and collapse of the casing occurs. The article shows the diagram of the hydration of ions of the proposed drilling fluid with permafrost and the main causes of complications. Using the laboratory studies, the optimal composition of the drilling fluid was determined. The introduction of the proposed drilling fluid into the practice of permafrost drilling will make it possible to successfully construct oil and gas wells.
Desing of an observer with real time monitoring speed and load torque for submersible induction motors
Authors: Glazyrin Alexander S. , Popov Semen S. , Popov Evgeniy I. , Kopyrin Vladimir A. , Khamitov Rustam N. , Filipas Alexander A. , Timoshkin Vadim V. , Beliauskene Evgeniia A. , Kulesh Yulia O. , Bolovin Evgeniy V. , Kovalev Vladimir Z. , Deneko Marina V.
Published: October 2024

Relevance. When operating submersible equipment for oil production in aggressive environments and transferring wells to the cyclic operation mode, a decrease in the service life of the submersible installation for oil production is observed. In the first case, this is due to the formation of salt deposits and clogging of the working parts of the electric pump with mechanical impurities. In the second case – an increase in the number of starts of the submersible electric motor. To solve the existing problems, it is possible to implement closed control systems for submersible electric motors based on state variable observers, which determines the relevance of the study. Aim. To develop an observer with operational monitoring of the angular velocity of the rotor and the moment of resistance on the shaft of a submersible asynchronous motor at inconsistency of the initial conditions in various operating modes and its testing using modeling tools. Methods. The observer is built on the basis of known engine models in a fixed coordinate system α, β, the theory of IIR-filters to obtain a forecast of estimates of the angular velocity of the rotor and the torque on the shaft and their correction in real time. Results. The authors have proposed the original structure of an observer with operational monitoring of the angular velocity of the rotor and the moment of resistance on the shaft of a submersible asynchronous motor. Conclusions. The paper demonstrates the observer performance with inconsistency of initial conditions and electric motor model data in various operating modes. In all modes, stable estimates of the speed and torque of resistance on the electric motor shaft are obtained. At the same time, the error in estimating the angular velocity under the condition of changing the load on the shaft and starting in the loaded state is no more than 1.2%, which is acceptable in submersible electric motor control systems. It is revealed that the developed observer, under the condition of changing the active resistance of the stator and rotor in the ranges from –25 to +25% of the nominal value, obtains estimates of the angular velocity with an integral error of no more than 5%, except for starting the motor with a decrease in the active resistance of the rotor by 25% of the nominal value –5.53%, which is acceptable in engineering practice.
Factores críticos para la adopción de tecnologías en café: evidencia de la Región Brunca de Costa Rica
Authors: Gómez-Castillo David , Cubero-Zamora Anthony , Barrantes-Aguilar Luz Elena , Villalobos-Ramos Vanessa
Published: October 2024

La adopción de tecnologías agrícolas se promueve como alternativa para aumentar la productividad de los sistemas agroalimentarios, mejorar la seguridad alimentaria, mejorar los ingresos de las personas productoras y adaptar los sistemas productivos a los desafíos del cambio climático. A pesar de todos estos esfuerzos la adopción de tecnología es baja en algunas regiones. Esta investigación se enfocó en la identificación de los factores críticos que inciden en la adopción de tecnología en personas productoras de café en la Región Brunca de Costa Rica. Utilizando el índice de adopción de tecnologías para la región, se generaron clústeres que fueron utilizados como variable dependiente para el desarrollo de un modelo probit ordenado. La recopilación de información de campo se realizó mediante visitas durante el mes de agosto de 2021 para un total de 192 fincas caficultoras. Los resultados muestran que las variables determinantes en la adopción de tecnología son la edad, la ubicación geográfica, el nivel de producción anual promedio en fanegas por hectárea, la educación, los años de producir café y las variedades utilizadas (Sarchimor y Obata).
Application of commercial sand aggregates in hydrophobized hydraulic concrete materials
Authors: Mora Ernesto , Castellón Erick
Published: October 2024

Because precursors such as sand are generally accessible, concrete has become a widely used construction material. Not all available sands, however, fulfill the requirements of purity, granulometry, shape and porosity for use in concrete materials. Here we report the setting of the hydrophobicity of hydraulic concrete matrices prepared with commercial sands and hydrophobic silica particles (dodecyl-modified silica) added to their mixtures.  The granulometry and porosity of the selected fine aggregates were confirmed to influence the water absorption of hydrophobized concrete matrices. Water absorption decreased more than 30 % on addition of silica hydrophobized with dodecyl. As the functionalization was performed from the mix prepared with commercial sands, an improved hydrophobicity of the materials was provided integrally to the matrix.
Linguistic Harmonization: Dissecting Alfiyah Ibn Malik with Chomsky's Transformational Generative Theory
Authors: Khoirul Mubin  , Nasiruddin  , Boby Bagas Purnama  , Dionisia Folliero
Published: September 2024

This study is motivated by the need to update and deepen the understanding of Alfiyah Ibnu Malik through a modern linguistic perspective, given the complexity of the 1,002 stanzas that are difficult for students with a weak language foundation to comprehend, and the existing gap in the literature regarding the application of Transformational Generative Theory (TGT) in Arabic grammar, which can help elucidate language structure and enhance understanding and interest in learning. This research aims to examine Alfiyah Ibnu Malik using the modern linguistic approach of Transformational Generative Theory (TGT). The research method applied is library research with a descriptive qualitative approach. The findings indicate that Transformational Generative Theory has specific characteristics in linguistic studies, including deep and surface structures, the concepts of competence and performance, as well as specific and general transformations. Additionally, TGT includes a universal grammar that can be applied to Alfiyah Ibnu Malik. The application of TGT to Alfiyah Ibnu Malik reveals that specific transformations occur in various aspects of Arabic grammar, including optional and obligatory deletion, optional substitution, optional replacement, optional expansion, optional addition, and optional and obligatory permutation.
Harnessing Gemini for Arabic Mastery: Educators' and Learners' Views
Authors: Zaimah Nely Rahmawati , Risti Kamila Wening Estu  , Hidayah Syarifatul Fitri , Hadi Syamsul , Aiden Button
Published: September 2024

This study aims to explore the perspectives on the reliability of Gemini in Arabic language studies, supported by a comprehensive literature review for each segment. Adopting a qualitative phenomenological approach, the research focuses on examining the experiences and perceptions of academics regarding the use of the Gemini chatbot. The research population includes 120 students studying Quranic Sciences and Exegesis at STAI Al-Anwar Rembang, purposefully selected for their collective proficiency in the Arabic language. Additionally, 11 Arabic language teachers in Rembang are actively involved in developing a structured teaching framework enriched by Gemini. The result highlights the importance of collaboration among linguists, educators, and tech developers in leveraging Gemini, an AI tool, for effective Arabic language education, while addressing accuracy and privacy concerns. The researcher anticipates that this study will provide insights into integrating AI tools like Gemini into Indonesian curricula, enhancing Arabic language learning. It seeks to contribute to the discourse on technology-enhanced language education and its practical implications.
Writing Skills Teaching Methods for Elementary School Students: Scramble in Connecting Arabic Letters
Authors: Huda Nurul , Isnaini Maulidia Annisa  , Muhammad Nuruzzaman Syam
Published: September 2024

This study aims to understand how the scramble method is implemented in connecting Arabic letters in teaching writing skills (maharatul kitabah) to elementary school students, and to identify the supporting and inhibiting factors. This research is qualitative and uses a field research approach. The data sources are Arabic language teachers and third-grade students from MI Al-Hidayah Mangli Jember. Data collection methods include observation, interviews, and documentation. The data analysis techniques used are data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results show that the implementation of the scramble method in connecting Arabic letters in maharatul kitabah learning involves three stages: planning, execution, and evaluation. The supporting factors for implementing the scramble method include student enthusiasm and motivation, the presence of engaging game elements, heterogeneous group division, and the provision of rewards. Meanwhile, the inhibiting factors include the teacher's limited understanding of student conditions, differences in student learning abilities, and limited time allocation. These findings can serve as a reference for Arabic language practitioners in exploring appropriate methods for teaching Arabic.
Enhancing students' English short story writing skills containing religious moderation values: A mentorship program
Authors: Azizah Siti , Rahmawati Fithriyah , Febrianingrum Lasmi , Rabi'ah  , Sufyan Akhmad Farid Mawardi
Published: September 2024

Religious moderation is an essential concept that should be taught and practiced by the students in Islamic senior high schools (Madrasah Aliyah), particularly in the context of an increasingly diverse society. Religious moderation emphasizes on balance, moderation, tolerance and respect for differences, both in terms of beliefs and religious practices. This community service program aimed to enhance students’ English short story writing skills which is integrated with religious moderation values. The mentorship program was conducted at MAN 2 Pamekasan and enrolled 25 students as participants. The program was carried out by applying Asset Based Community Development (ABCD) as a community service approach which consists of discovery, dream, define, design, and destiny. The activities were internalizing the religious moderation values to the students and practicing to write English short stories guided by facilitators. The result of the present community service shows that the students are gaining a better understanding of religious moderation, demonstrating improved writing skills, and being able to reflect the values of religious moderation in their short stories. The result suggested that combining creative writing with religious moderation value-based education can foster both linguistics competence and character development. Therefore, it contributes to a more harmonious school environment.[Moderasi beragama merupakan konsep penting yang harus diajarkan dan dipraktikkan oleh siswa di Madrasah Aliyah, terutama dalam konteks masyarakat yang semakin beragam. Moderasi beragama menekankan keseimbangan, toleransi, dan penghormatan terhadap perbedaan, baik dalam hal keyakinan maupun praktik keagamaan. Program pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan keterampilan menulis cerpen berbahasa Inggris siswa yang terintegrasi dengan nilai-nilai moderasi beragama. Program pendampingan ini dilaksanakan di MAN 2 Pamekasan dengan melibatkan 25 siswa sebagai peserta. Program ini menggunakan pendekatan Asset Based Community Development (ABCD) dalam pengabdian masyarakat yang terdiri dari tahap discovery, dream, define, design, dan destiny. Kegiatan yang dilakukan yaitu internalisasi nilai-nilai moderasi beragama kepada siswa serta pelatihan menulis cerpen berbahasa Inggris yang dibimbing oleh para fasilitator sekaligus pengabdi. Hasil dari pengabdian ini menunjukkan bahwa para siswa memperoleh pemahaman yang lebih baik tentang moderasi beragama, menunjukkan peningkatan kemampuan menulis, dan mampu merefleksikan nilai-nilai moderasi beragama dalam cerpen mereka. Hasil pengabdian Masyarakat ini merekomendasikan bahwa menggabungkan penulisan kreatif dengan pendidikan berbasis nilai moderasi beragama dapat meningkatkan kompetensi linguistik sekaligus pengembangan karakter. Dengan demikian, hal ini berkontribusi pada terciptanya lingkungan sekolah yang lebih harmonis.]
Students as partners of research projects in Russian universities: opportunities and barriers
Authors: Ambarova Polina , Shabrova Nina
Published: September 2024

The article shows the potential and barriers to the realization of the conception, treating students as partners in research projects of universities. The foreign experience of implementing this conception in various spheres of academic life is presented. The positive effects and limitations of the conception of students as partners in research are summarized. Based on the results of the empirical study «Scientific mentoring in Russian universities: institutional models, professional roles, everyday practices», the prerequisites and barriers to the implementation of this concept in Russian universities are identified. The administrative, economic and social barriers caused by both the institutional and organizational conditions for the implementation of university science and the peculiarities of the established model of relationships in the academic environment between different generations of researchers are revealed. The positive impact of student involvement in grant projects is shown. It is proved that this form of interaction between “adults” and young researchers creates prerequisites for the implementation of the principles of the concept of students as university partners.
Happy childhood: the search for an informative system of characteristics through the prism of eventfulness
Authors: Kuchenkova Anna , Mayorova-Shcheglova Svetlana
Published: September 2024

The results of a study devoted to identifying the potential of using information about childhood events to explain the subsequent perception of childhood as a happy one are presented. Based on the assumption that the specificity of the eventfulness of the very first stage of life can determine the existence of groups with happy and unhappy childhood according to subjective estimates, a selection of childhood events has been made that most allow differentiating those who evaluate their childhood as happy and unhappy. As an empirical basis, the results of a survey of representatives of a youth group who have crossed the age of majority or are on its border are used. Among the 100 initial childhood events for analysis, groups of life episodes were identified, the presence and age of occurrence of which are associated with a retrospective assessment of childhood as happy. These are events related to the manifestation of subjectivity and its recognition by adults; consumer and financial socialization ; establishing relationships with peers and parents; independent movements and mobility; a variety of leisure practices and prosocial behavior; some manifestations of infantilism; the absence or later onset of certain traumatic events, deviant behavior practices, actions to change appearance. The listed groups of life episodes form the basis of an informative system of characteristics of a subjectively prosperous childhood and can be used in the future to implement models of multidimensional analysis.
Urban family with minor children: resources, moral guidelines and social adaptation of working parents. Part one
Authors: Bessokirnaya Galina , Bolshakova Olga , Karakhanova Tatiana
Published: September 2024

The first part of the article presents the results of studying the daily activities of working parents in the field of caring for minor children and their upbringing. Data from monitoring studies of the daily activities and time budget of urban residents carried out during 1986-2020 were used. The composition of families with children is considered and the resource characteristics of parents are analyzed, which turned out to be very similar for fathers and mothers. The relationship of parents' time spent on caring for children and their upbringing with parents' belonging to fathers and mothers, with their age, level of education, religious identity and income level in parents' families, as well as with some value orientations of fathers and mothers, is investigated. The analysis showed that the objective picture of working parents using time resources for activities with children does not agree with their subjective opinion that “activities with their childre n, their upbringing is the most important thing in the life of both spouses”. At the same time, most working fathers and mothers are satisfied with the time spent both on caring for children and on their upbringing as time resources. The characteristics of the provision of fathers and mothers with other resources do not affect their satisfaction with time spent. There is a direct relationship between satisfaction with the time spent on raising children and parents' satisfaction with life in general. An analysis of the moral guidelines of parents, which are the moral basis for the process of socialization of minor children in the family, has shown that more than half of the moral qualities related to virtues are the norm for the vast majority of fathers and to a somewhat lesser extent for mothers. At the same time, there is a tendency to blur parents' ideas about qualities-virtues and anti-virtues as a norm and deviation from it. In addition, a trend is emerging in which, judging by estimates, a considerable part of parents do not see a positive life prospect for their children, in terms of their social adaptation, if children in life are guided by the same virtues as the parents themselves. The first part in the article analyzes the composition and resource potential and the use of time resources of parents for child care and upbringing. The second part will be about the moral guidelines and the results of social adaptation of working parents. The numbering of tables and figures is continuous in both parts.
Protective Effect of Banana, Cassava, and Corn Flours on Hepatotoxicity of Malnourished Male Rats
Authors: Mohammed Najib , Lestari Sri Rahayu , Susanto Hendra , Rakhmawati Yunita
Published: October 2024

Background: Malnutrition-induced hepatotoxicity is defined as liver damage caused by insufficient nutrition, which results in oxidative stress and damage to liver cells.
Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the protective effects of banana, cassava, and corn flours on hepatotoxicity induced by malnutrition in male rats.
Methods: Twenty-four male rats were divided into six groups (n=4): (1) rats received 30 g/rat normal feed daily for 45 days; (2) rats received 30 g malnutrition feed daily for 45 days; rats received 30 g/rat malnutrition feed daily for 15 days and then treated with normal feed (3), banana flour (4), cassava flour (5), and corn flour (6), for 30 days. The malnutrition groups received a diet with protein deficiency for 15 days, then were treated with a diet according to each treatment group. The liver enzymes were analyzed, including aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels. Furthermore, the liver's histopathological changes in each group were evaluated using Hematoxylin eosin staining.
Results: The AST levels in malnourished male rats significantly (p<0.05) increased (240.75±67.23 U/L) compared to the control group (170.00±33.52 U/L). While, the ALT levels (66.75±12.69 U/L) were decreased compared to the control group (98.75±26.61 U/L). Furthermore, malnutrition diet in rats caused significant changes in liver histology, including inflammatory cell infiltration, necrosis, congestion of the central vein, cytoplasmic vacuolization, and widened hepatic sinusoid. Interestingly, normalized AST and ALT levels and improved liver histology were observed in malnourished rats after receiving normal feed and flour of banana, cassava, and corn.
Conclusions: Banana, cassava, and corn flours exhibited hepatoprotective activity on malnutrition-induced hepatotoxicity in malnourhised male rats.
Fortifikasi Tepung Eucheuma cottonii pada Nugget Udang Vaname sebagai Sumber Yodium
Authors: Djamaludin Heder , Sulistiyati Titik Dwi , Puspitasari Yunita Eka , Notonegoro Hartoyo
Published: October 2024

Latar Belakang: Yodium merupakan zat gizi mikro esensial bagi manusia. Defisiensi yodium mengakibatkan penurunan kecerdasan. Sumber yodium selain garam bersumber dari rumput laut E. cottonii. Fortifikasi tepung E. cottonii dapat dilakukan pada produk pangan, seperti nuget. Selain itu, hasil perikanan yang tinggi kandungan protein yang dapat dijadikan sebagai bahan baku nuget yakni Udang Vaname. Pengembangan nuget Udang Vaname difortifikasi tepung E. cottonii belum banyak dilakukan, sehingga perlu adanya pengembangan nuget Udang Vaname fortifikasi tepung E. cottonii sebagai pangan alternatif untuk mencegah defisiensi yodium.
Tujuan: Fortifikasi tepung E. cottonii dalam pembuatan nuget Udang Vaname sebagai upaya peningkatan kandungan yodium.
Metode: Rancangan penelitian berupa Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) non-faktorial dengan 3 ulangan. Penelitian dilakukan di laboratorium hasil perikanan Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan (FPIK) Universitas Brawijaya. Jumlah kadar fortifikasi tepung E. cottonii yakni 0%; 7,5%; 10%; dan 12,5%. Parameter pengujian kimia yaitu kadar yodium, pengujian fisik yaitu kekenyalan, dan pengujian organoleptik metode hedonik warna, aroma, rasa, dan tekstur. Penentuan perlakuan terbaik dengan metode de Garmo dan dilakukan pengujian proksimat.
Hasil: Fortifikasi tepung E. cottonii dalam variasi kadar berpengaruh nyata terhadap kadar yodium dan kekenyalan nuget Udang Vaname. Fortifikasi tepung E. cottonii dengan kadar terbaik yaitu 7,5% dengan kadar yodium 6,17 mcg/g; kekenyalan 6,65 N; karbohidrat 77,04%; protein 7,78%; lemak 3,67%; air 9,85%; dan abu 1,66%.
Kesimpulan: Produk nuget Udang Vaname terfortifikasi tepung E. cottonii dapat menjadi salah satu bentuk produk diversifikasi dan perlu pengembangan lebih lanjut menjadi alternatif pangan untuk mencegah serta mengatasi defisiensi yodium.
Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) and Serum Leukotriene B4 between COPD Patients and COPD with Lung Cancer Patients
Authors: Djajalaksana Susanthy , Listyoko Aditya Sri , Prasetyo Kevin Wahyudy , Wardoyo Arinto Yudi Ponco
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is estimated to become the third leading cause of death worldwide in 2030. COPD can affect the lungs and cause chronic systemic inflammation. Leukotriene B4 (LTB4) is involved in COPD and lung cancer pathogenesis. There has been the development of non-invasive methods for detecting lung disease in the last few decades, such as the examination of volatile organic compounds (VOC). This study aimed to analyze the serum LTB4 and the difference of VOCs in exhaled breath of stable COPD patients and COPD with lung cancer patients.
Methods: This case-control study recruited 20 stable COPD patients and 20 patients with COPD and lung cancer. An exhaled breath sample was collected in Tedlar bags and analyzed using an arrayed sensor breath analyzer to check the concentration of VOCs. Meanwhile, a venous blood sample was collected to examine the level of LTB4 using an ELISA kit. Independent t-test and Mann-Whitney test were used to analyze the data.
Results: The carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), carbon monoxide (CO), benzene (C6H6), and propane (C3H8) levels were significantly different (p <0.05) in COPD-only patients compared to COPD with lung cancer patients. Serum LTB4 increased in both groups.
Conclusion: CO2, CO, and C3H8 levels increased, but the NO2 level decreased in COPD patients with lung cancer compared to COPD-only patients. Serum LTB4 increased in COPD with lung cancer patients.
ENHANCING SELF DEVELOPMENT AND ASSERTIVE BEHAVIOR OF ADOLESCENTS THERAPEUTIC GROUP THERAPY
Authors: Fajriyah Nur Afriyanti
Published: October 2024

Background: Adolescents in fulfilling their growth and development tasks, impact their biology, cognitive, emotional, psychosexual, language, psychosocial and behaviour entering adulthood. The problem adolescents often encounter, in the form of behaviour resulting from this transition period, is how to behave assertively. Therapeutic group therapy allows adolescents to optimally fulfil their growth and development tasks and change their behaviour to be more adaptive.
Method: This study used a quasi-experimental design with a sample of 76 adolescents (38 intervention and 38 control). The instruments used were assertive behaviour, behaviour observation sheets, and therapeutic group therapy modules. The intervention group received 7 therapeutic group therapy sessions, each 30-45 minutes. The Assertiveness Inventory by Alberti and Emmons was used to measure adolescent assertive behaviour. Meanwhile, this study used a dependent t-test for data analysis.
Results: Respondent characteristics included adolescents aged 13-15 years, females (52.63%), parents' educational level of Bachelor (63.16%), and parents' occupation as employees (42.11). The results show that aspects of adolescent self-development have a mean value of emotional (0.588), cognitive (0.533), language (0.435), and psychosocial (0.378). This indicates that there is a significant and meaningful influence on adolescents' assertive behaviour before and after TGT (α=0.05 and p-value <0.001).
Conclusion: Therapeutic group therapy can improve adolescents' self-development abilities (including growth and development tasks) and assertive behaviour. Therapy can be used as a learning program at school/home by involving teachers, parents, and the community to improve the quality of life for adolescents.
Zero trust implementation in the emerging technologies era: a survey
Authors: Weinberg Abraham Itzhak , Cohen Kelly
Published: September 2024

This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the shift from the traditional perimeter model of security to the Zero Trust (ZT) framework, emphasizing the key points in the transition and the practical application of ZT. It outlines the differences between ZT policies and legacy security policies, along with the significant events that have impacted the evolution of ZT. Additionally, the paper explores the potential impacts of emerging technologies, such as Artificial Intelligence and quantum computing, on the policy and implementation of ZT. The study thoroughly examines how Artificial Intelligence can enhance ZT by utilizing Machine Learning algorithms to analyze patterns, detect anomalies, and predict threats, thereby improving real-time decision-making processes. Furthermore, the paper demonstrates how a chaos theory-based approach, in conjunction with other technologies such as eXtended Detection and Response, can effectively mitigate cyberattacks. As quantum computing presents new challenges to ZT and cybersecurity as a whole, the paper delves into the intricacies of ZT migration, automation, and orchestration, addressing the complexities associated with these aspects. Finally, the paper provides a best practice approach for the seamless implementation of ZT in organizations, laying out the proposed guidelines to facilitate organizations in their transition towards a more secure ZT model. The study aims to support organizations in successfully implementing ZT and enhancing their cybersecurity measures.
Quantum-Secured Data Centre Interconnect in a field environment
Authors: Qiu Kaiwei , Haw Jing Yan , Qin Hao , Ng Nelly H. Y. , Kasper Michael , Ling Alexander
Published: September 2024

In the evolving landscape of quantum technology, the increasing prominence of quantum computing poses a significant threat to the security of conventional public key infrastructure. Quantum key distribution (QKD), an established quantum technology at a high readiness level, emerges as a viable solution with commercial adoption potential. QKD facilitates the establishment of secure symmetric random bit strings between two geographically separated, trustworthy entities, safeguarding communications from potential eavesdropping. In particular, data centre interconnects can leverage the potential of QKD devices to ensure the secure transmission of critical and sensitive information in preserving the confidentiality, security, and integrity of their stored data. In this article, we present the successful implementation of a QKD field trial within a commercial data centre environment that utilises the existing fibre network infrastructure. The achieved average secret key rate of 2.392 kbps and an average quantum bit error rate of less than 2% demonstrate the commercial feasibility of QKD in real-world scenarios. As a use case study, we demonstrate the secure transfer of files between two data centres through the Quantum-Secured Virtual Private Network, utilising secret keys generated by the QKD devices. %This demonstration marks a significant milestone in the deployment of QKD across Singapore, establishing a foundation for widespread adoption and enhancing the infrastructure for practical, quantum-safe communication in commercial environments.
Utilization of PID Controller to Optimize Energy Consumption in Hybrid Forced Convection Dryer
Authors: Pramudita Brahmantya Aji
Published: October 2024

The drying process is essential in food processing, particularly for grains or beans. This process can influence the characteristics and quality of the dried material. However, the drying process needs massive energy. This condition can increase the cost of production. Therefore, optimizing energy is needed during the drying process. PID controller was proposed to be utilized in the dryer to maximize energy efficiency in this study. This method was implemented in forced convection and hybrid forced convection dryer. The temperature sensor was used as parameter control of the PID method to control the electric heater and exhaust fan. Moreover, PZEM-004T was used to measure the energy consumption. The objective of this study is to implement and fine-tune the PID controller to obtain the performance difference between two types of dryers, namely forced convection and hybrid forced convection. This will be achieved by collecting data on power and energy consumption. The results indicate that the hybrid dryer can significantly decrease power and energy consumption by 48.32% and 49.18%, respectively, compared to the forced convection dryer.