bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of low-load bench press and push-up exercises on muscular performance among female youth
Authors: Abu Talip Nur Khairunisa , Bonnie Edmund , Ismail Zulkifli , Md Razali Mohd Rizal
Published: November 2023

Introduction:

Various fitness challenges had been invented and innovated in order to integrate exercise in life, especially during the new norm of Covid-19 pandemic. There is a lack of study on the effect of push-up exercise on sedentary women. The study aimed to compare the effects of six-week push-up (PU) and low-load bench press (BP) exercise interventions towards muscular strength (MS) and muscular endurance (ME) among healthy sedentary female youth.

Methodology:

Forty (n = 40) healthy sedentary female youth (aged 18.93 ±.97 years; body mass index 23.44 ± 4.5 kg/m2) were recruited in the study. Participants were divided into two groups of training interventions (push-up and bench press group). Resistance exercise intervention involving four sessions per week for six consecutive weeks. Each session comprised of 3 sets of 12 repetitions with one minute of rest between each set. Bench press exercise was performed at 40% 1RM for bench press group. One-repetition maximum bench press (1RM BP) test and one-minute push-up (1 Min PU) test were performed at pre and post-intervention to measure muscular strength and muscular endurance. A 2 × 2 mixed model ANOVA was employed to compare the effects of the two interventions following six-weeks of training.

Result:

Muscular strength and muscular endurance for the push-up group have significantly improved (p < .05), with at the end of the intervention were 59.75 ± 13.91 and 45.05 ± 6.59 as compared to during the pre-intervention of 42.0 ± 11.40 and 28.95 ± 5.93, respectively. A similar result also found for bench press group. Muscular strength and muscular endurance for bench press group had significantly increased (p < .05), from the pre-test of 44.50 ± 9.58 and 29.95 ± 6.28 to the post-test of 60.25 ± 10.45 and 41.45 ± 6.20, respectively. However, there is no significant difference observed between groups (bench press and push-up protocols) on muscular strength (p = .661) and muscular endurance (p = .472).

Conclusions:

The present study concludes that push-up and low-load bench press exercise interventions do significantly improve muscular strength and muscular endurance of sedentary female youth, with push-up as an alternative for bench press for sedentary female youth.
A triathlete with medial meniscus tear and subchondral insufficiency fracture
Authors: Naing Azlan M. , Mariam G. M.
Published: November 2023

Subchondral insufficiency fracture of the knee (SIFK) is an important differential diagnosis for knee pain. If diagnosed early, SIFK can be treated conservatively with non-weight bearing ambulation. If left untreated, this disease may lead to catastrophic complications such as subchondral fragment detachment and fragmentation or subchondral collapse which will warrant the need for surgical intervention. The author reports a 44-year-old triathlete that presented with complaint of a trivial left anteromedial knee pain for one-year duration. This disease presented at an unusual site of the medial tibial condyle. Moreover, the patient is a healthy triathlete that does not have any predisposing factors for SIFK. Magnetic resonance imaging showed subchondral insufficiency fracture of the medial tibial condyle with a complex multi-directional medial meniscus tear in the same knee. Could the undiagnosed medial meniscus injury be the causation leading to the development of SIFK? Here, the author will summarize the literature on various clinical features, work-up and management of SIFK.
Peripheral Ossifying Fibroma of Maxillary Gingiva with Calcification: A Case Report
Authors: Tidke Priyanka , Agarwal Manvi C. , Kini Vineet V. , Singh Subhasini , Patel Hetul J. , Kumar Santosh , Vasant Jill
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT

Peripheral ossifying fibroma is presented as an exophytic growth with a smooth surface. It is located mostly on the gingiva, and it is an unusual growth of gingiva that occurs after irritational trauma. It is seen in the later decade of life, with the calcifications in the lesion in advanced stages seen on radiographic images. In the present case, a 50-year-old male reported with a huge gingival growth in the left maxillary posterior gingival region; when radiograph was taken, it showed calcifications. The patient was treated by surgical excision of the growth.
Comparative Evaluation of Two Different Topical Anesthetic Agents against Pain Associated with Intraoral Injections in Pediatric Dental Patients
Authors: Subramanian Ponniah , Kaur Impreet , Choubey Kritika , Arya Ashtha , Shenavi Lina M. , Waskle Rajesh
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT

Aim:

This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of two topical anesthetics in minimizing the discomfort related to intraoral injections.

Material and Method:

For the study, 40 healthy kids between the ages of 6 and 10 were chosen. To the injection site, two topical anesthetic products were applied: lignocaine hydrochloride gel and benzocaine 20% gel. The effectiveness of the topical agents was evaluated using a four-point scale, which was previously used by Topçuoglu and colleagues to evaluate pain.

Result:

A significant difference between the lignocaine group (2.1 ± 0.5) and the benzocaine group (1.2 ± 0.6) was found on a four-point scale (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

Benzocaine demonstrates a higher degree of efficacy in comparison with lignocaine. However, additional research is necessary to ascertain the result of this study.
Comparison of stress contributing factors based on teaching experience among secondary school physical education teachers in Selangor, Malaysia
Authors: Mohd. Khairudin Ab Wahid , Soh Kim Geok , Soh Kim Lam , Ong Swee Leong
Published: November 2023

Objective:

This study identified stress contributing factors among secondary school physical education teachers and compared them based on teaching experience.

Research Methodology:

This study adopted a cross-sectional study design, and the data were obtained using the survey method. This study involved 258 physical education teachers within the secondary level of public schools. The questionnaire consisted of five constructs: career dilemma, career progression, misconceptions of career, work environment and work relationship. The teaching experience was divided into four categories of 1–5 years, 6–10 years, 11–15 years and 16 years above. Descriptive statistical analysis and one-way ANOVA were used to describe the findings.

Findings:

Three main contributing stressors among physical education teachers were career dilemma (mean [M] = 35.26, standard deviation [SD] = 5.17), development status (M = 34.77, SD = 4.48) and work relationship (M = 27.09, SD = 2.87). Factors contributing to stress based on teaching experience found that misconceptions of careers showed a significant result where F value (3, 254) = 3.95, p = 0.009 < 0.05. Tukey's post hoc analysis found that significant results were reported teaching experience between 1–5 and 6–10 years.

Conclusions:

It was evident that teaching experience had a major influence in determining the stress level among teachers. Teaching experience assisted teachers in decision-making, which leads to better handling of stressful situations. In addition, this study observed a misconception in a career as one of the contributing factors of stress experienced by the teachers with a teaching experience of 1–5 and 6–10 years who took part in this study.
ChatGPT in medical writing: A game-changer or a gimmick?
Authors: Ahaley Shital Sarah , Pandey Ankita , Juneja Simran Kaur , Gupta Tanvi Suhane , Vijayakumar Sujatha
Published: November 2023

OpenAI’s ChatGPT (Generative Pre-trained Transformer) is a chatbot that answers questions and performs writing tasks in a conversational tone. Within months of release, multiple sectors are contemplating the varied applications of this chatbot, including medicine, education, and research, all of which are involved in medical communication and scientific publishing. Medical writers and academics use several artificial intelligence (AI) tools and software for research, literature survey, data analyses, referencing, and writing. There are benefits of using different AI tools in medical writing. However, using chatbots for medical communications pose some major concerns such as potential inaccuracies, data bias, security, and ethical issues. Perceived incorrect notions also limit their use. Moreover, ChatGPT can also be challenging if used incorrectly and for irrelevant tasks. If used appropriately, ChatGPT will not only upgrade the knowledge of the medical writer but also save time and energy that could be directed toward more creative and analytical areas requiring expert skill sets. This review introduces chatbots, outlines the progress in ChatGPT research, elaborates the potential uses of ChatGPT in medical communications along with its challenges and limitations, and proposes future research perspectives. It aims to provide guidance for doctors, researchers, and medical writers on the uses of ChatGPT in medical communications.
Financial toxicity among adult cancer survivors in Singapore: does it exist?
Authors: Ng Weishan Ivy , Yuen Kah Hung , Meng Tian , Tey Chee Seong Jeremy , Soon Yu Yang , Ho Cho Hao Francis , Yoong Su-Yin Joanne , Gibbons Brent , Vellayappan Balamurugan A
Published: November 2023

Introduction:

Cancer survivors may experience financial toxicity (FT) arising from diagnosis, treatment and potential employment loss. The prevalence of FT in the context of Singapore healthcare model is unknown. We investigate whether higher out-of-pocket (OOP) expenditure correlates positively with FT, and whether higher FT correlates with a worse quality of life (QoL).

Methods:

In this pilot study, a cross-sectional survey was conducted on survivors of nasopharyngeal or breast cancer at the National University Hospital Singapore. Patients’ FT and QoL were measured using the COmprehensive Score on financial Toxicity (COST) and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General (FACT-G) questionnaires. Two multivariate regression models estimated (a) the association between FT and a range of variables, and (b) the association between FT and QoL.

Results:

Sixty-three percent of our cohort of 76 patients experienced mild–moderate FT. Overall, the mean COST and FACT-G scores were 18.0 (out of 44) and 68.3 (out of 108), respectively. There was a positive correlation between COST and FACT-G scores (r = 0.45). We did not find any significant association between OOP expenditure and FT. Predictors for FT included government-subsidised housing, lower education levels, hire of a formal caregiver and the need for household members to take on extra employment.

Conclusion:

Greater FT correlated with a decline in QoL. Patients of lower socioeconomic status were at higher risk of FT. OOP expenditure was not directed related to FT, likely in view of the effective means-tested subsidies. Additional resources should be considered for this at-risk population. Based on this pilot study, our methodology to quantify FT and OOP expenditure can be scaled up to other cancer primaries.
Perichoresis and the Theology of Solidarity: A Foundation of Social Cohesion for Christian
Millennials in Indonesia
Authors: Han Chandra , Sukamto Amos , Pramono Rudy
Published: November 2023

Shifting patterns of social relations among millennials due to the use of social media in networks without a theological basis for social cohesion is a challenge for Christianity now and in the future. The nature and work of the Triune God as stated in the Bible should always be relevant in various challenges of the times. Research on the theological foundations that form the basis of social cohesion among millennials is still very limited. Social cohesion among millennials tends to be limited to the use of social media in cyberspace as is characteristic of millennials in Indonesia. An important question that must be answered by the Christian faith is what the theological basis for
social cohesion is, especially among youth so that Christian millennials can maintain their faith properly in social cohesion among them. This article aims to demonstrate the relational Nature of the Trinity and His work as the basis for the solidarity of believers. The first part of this article will examine the essence of perichoresis in the Trinity and the theology of solidarity. The second part demonstrates the theology of God’s solidarity in the story of creation and for Israel in the Old Testament. The third part seeks is to analyze God's solidarity in the person and work of Jesus Christ. The fourth part demonstrates God’s solidarity among believers in the New Testament. The
fifth part aims to analyze the theology of solidarity for especially millennials in Indonesia, This is followed by a conclusion which hopefully encapsulates the notions expressed.
Analysis of the Fatwa of the Indonesian Ulema Council Supporting Halal Certification and the Progress of Indonesian Muslims
Authors: Hardiyanto Sigit , Eriza Faisal , Ridho Hatta , Noorikhsan Faisal Fadilla , Agustian Dimas , Batubara Putri Evi Oviyanti
Published: November 2023

Indonesia's efforts to make the country the center of the halal industry give theological and religious perspectives an essential role when making critical decisions. The Fatwa of the Indonesian Ulema Council on halal products has an influence that is believed to guide and foster the Muslim faith in Indonesia. This study aims to look at the implications of the Fatwa of the Indonesian Ulema Council on halal products in Indonesia, which affect the beliefs of Muslims in Indonesia. The research method used was a descriptive qualitative approach. Data collection was conducted through document study related to the research context. The data analysis technique was done by data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results showed that although the Fatwa of the Indonesian Ulema Council on halal products is not legally binding, Muslim communities in Indonesia believe and are attached to the Fatwa as part of carrying out religious orders. Fatwa implications affect the religiosity,
spirituality, and inclusiveness of Muslim beliefs in Indonesia about halal products with the involvement of Ulama. The Indonesian Ulema Council's Fatwa on halal products is vital in the halal industry in Indonesia, which is believed to show obedience in carrying out the teachings of Islam and is vital when viewed theologically.
A personalized approach to the management of breastfed infants with functional gastrointestinal disorders and cow’s milk allergy. The role of nutritional recommendations for a nursing mother
Authors: Butskaya Tatiana V. , Galitskaya Marina G. , Makarova Svetlana G. , Yasakov Dmitriy S. , Bakovich Elena A.
Published: November 2023

Introduction. Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGID) in infants are a complex of symptoms from the gastrointestinal tract that cannot be explained by structural or biochemical disorders. To alleviate the symptoms of functional disorders, a set of measures is required, first of all, psychological support for the mother and, of course, rational feeding, which includes maintaining breastfeeding, optimizing the nutrition of the nursing mother. Despite the abundance of professional information on this issue, previous studies demonstrate a low level of women’s awareness of nutrition during breastfeeding. The aim of the work is to determine the effectiveness of recommendations on nursing mother’s nutrition in the complex treatment of breastfed children with FGID and allergy to cow’s milk proteins.
Materials and methods. Seventy five mother–child pairs were included in the study. 1–4 months infants exclusively breastfed during the study were divided into two groups: 1 — FGID infants (n = 51) and 2 — infants with suspected cow’s milk allergy (CMA) n = 24. In addition to the comprehensive treatment of the child, mothers of both groups were given recommendations on the nursing woman’s nutrition. Mothers of children from group 2 were assigned a diagnostic dairy-free diet for a period of 1 month.
Results. On the 2nd visit, when analyzing the symptoms of the FGID in group 1, the number of children with symptoms of regurgitation of more than 2 episodes per day decreased by 28% (p < 0.001), crying for more than 3 hours per day — by 52% (p < 0.001). Children of group 2 with a clear positive effect from the diagnostic dairy-free diet therapy of the mother (n = 20) were diagnosed with Allergic and alimentary gastroenteritis and colitis (K52.2 — 10th revision of ICD-10), the continuation of the dairy-free diet for the mother and the supervision of an allergist were prescribed. The survey of women showed that all nursing women were interested in nutrition issues during lactation, 92% of the surveyed mothers searched for this information on the Internet. At the same time, only 12% of women considered this information to be sufficient. Evaluating the presented materials on nutrition, the overwhelming majority of respondents replied that they helped them to adjust their diet and expand nutrition, as well as to maintain breastfeeding.
Conclusion. Thus, an integrated approach in the management of FGID infants and gastrointestinal manifestations of food allergies, including the use of nutrition recommendations developed in the National Medical Research Center of Children’s Health for nursing women, allows achieving a positive effect on the side of symptoms both in FGID and CMA patients, and also contributes to the improvement of the psycho-emotional state of a woman and prolonged breastfeeding.
Functional state of the cardiovascular system in children after COVID-19
Authors: Isaeva Elena P. , Zaytseva Olga V. , Lokshina Evelina E. , Krutova Aleksandra V. , Ponkratov Denis A. , Telesheva Inna A. , Gur’eva Ekaterina V. , Mukhortykh Valeriy A. , Kuznetsova Elena V.
Published: November 2023

Introduction. The new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) in children often occurs in a mild, moderate, or asymptomatic. After experiencing COVID-19, some children, as well as adults, had persistent symptoms over more than 12 weeks and could not be explained by alternative diagnoses. These changes are called Post-acute COVID-19 Syndrome (PACS, post-COVID-19 syndrome or post-covid syndrome). Clinical manifestations of post-covid syndrome in children are very diverse, there are combinations of autonomic, psycho-emotional, cognitive and somatic disorders, including disorders of the cardiovascular system.
Aim: analysis of changes in the functional state of the cardiovascular system in children in the post-covid period.
Materials and methods. The study included one hundred thirty one child aged of 5 to 17 years 11 months 29 days (mean age 12 years [9.5; 15]). The observed children were divided into 2 groups: group 1 (main) — children who had a mild new coronavirus infection (n = 76). The comparison group consisted of children who did not have COVID-19, suffered from acute respiratory viral infections of unspecified etiology of a mild course (n = 55). All children were analyzed for medical history, underwent clinical examination, electrocardiographic examination (ECG), echocardiographic examination (ECHO-KG), 24-hour Holter ECG monitoring and 24-hour blood pressure (BP) monitoring.
Results. Children who have had COVID-19 are significantly more often showed sinus tachycardia (p = 0.025), extrasystole (supraventricular, ventricular) (p = 0.046), atrioventricular blockade of the 2nd degree (p = 0.027) compared with children with ARVI. After undergoing COVID-19, in 19.7% of children an increase in blood pressure was detected, in 15.8% of children there was a significant decrease in blood pressure at night (p = 0.008). In 38.2% of children after COVID-19, there was a decrease in the activity of the parasympathetic division of the nervous system.
Conclusion. Children who have had a new mild coronavirus infection were shown to undergo a clinical examination with a mandatory assessment of blood pressure, heart rate and an ECG 3 and 6 months after the illness.
Socio-psychological risks and adolescent health
Authors: Sviridova Tatiana V. , Fisenko Andrey P. , Lazurenko Svetlana B. , Konova Svetlana R. , Komarova Olga V. , Khitryuk Vera V.
Published: November 2023

Goal: to study modern socio-psychological factors affecting adolescent health to substantiate the current directions of preventive work.
Materials and methods. A survey of 11-17 years schoolchildren was conducted during 2020–2022. The study included six thousand two hundred fifty three children from eight Federal Districts of the Russian Federation. Study design: a single-center, non-randomized, uncontrolled study.
Results. The study showed interrelated socio-psychological factors that have an adverse impact on the physical, psychological, and social well-being in adolescents to be still widespread: social — low physical activity — 22.6%, lack of managed leisure (clubs, sections) — 26%, traumatism — use of electronic digital devices and the Internet without following hygienic norms — 30%, irrational nutrition (fast food consumption) — 17% and psychological — problematic relations with father/mother — 25/13%, teachers — 12%, peers — 30%, bullying — 21%, cyberbullying — 16%. With age, adolescents show adverse trend in separate socio-psychological factors, such as management of nutrition (consumption of fruits and vegetables), time regulations for the use of gadgets, and trustful relationships with loved ones.
Conclusion. As priority measures to improve the situation, we consider necessary the introduction of monitoring of socio-psychological factors affecting the health in adolescents in annual preventive medical examinations, optimization of measures to promote healthy lifestyles, improvement of interdepartmental cooperation in working with adolescents, increasing the responsibility of parents regarding the preservation of health.
Changes in the quality of life in teenagers studying in closed general educational institutions
Authors: Strozenko Ludmila A. , Ponomarev Viktor S. , Lobanov Yuriy F. , Dorokhov Nikolay A. , Skudarnov Evgeniy V. , Sanina Olga O.
Published: November 2023

Introduction. The quality of life reflects a personal health state and its ability to live a normal and fulfilling life.
Study purpose: the quality of life (QoL) determination in teenagers studying in closed general educational institutions in Barnaul.
Materials and methods. The study included one hundred sixty eight teenagers studying in closed general educational institutions in the city of Barnaul. The quality of life indicators were estimated using a valid, randomized Pediatric Quality of Life Questionnaire PEDsQL™4.0, for children aged up 13 to 18 years. There were obtained such 5 QoL indicators as physical, emotional, social and school functioning and psychosocial health.
Results. The analysis of the results of QoL indicators by teenagers revealed that the generalized QoL indicator in the general group of children was equal to 77.71 scores. The highest score was obtained for the indicator of physical functioning — 88.29 scores. The social functioning scale took the next place in terms of total scores — 83.57. The lowest scores on scales related to QoL were noted in emotional functioning — 67.73 scores and school environment — 70.47 scores. Based on the results it was possible to establish that the lowest scores were obtained on the scales of emotional and school functioning, which compared with the total score, shows a lower integrated indicator of psychosocial health and is equal to 73.81 scores.
Conclusion. To prevent undesirable consequences for the health of adolescents with low QoL indicators, a protective and developmental regime should be recommended and, if necessary, dispensary supervision of a pediatrician with additional involvement of doctors of narrow specialties on an individual basis.
Changes in the gut microbiota in autism in children: pathogenetic significance and ways of correction
Authors: Smirnova Galina I. , Mulenkova Alena V. , Susloparova Polina S. , Коrsunskiy Anatoliy A.
Published: November 2023

A systematic review of data on the interrelationship between the gut microbiota and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in children is presented. The search was conducted in Pubmed, Google Academic, and Web of Science databases for the keywords: autism, autism spectrum disorder, gut microbiota. Articles published between January 2000 and August 2023 were reviewed, and preference was given to data obtained in recent years. It was found that 40% of ASD children have various forms and severity of manifestations of gastrointestinal dysfunction (constipation, diarrhea, chronic abdominal pain, etc.), which accompany psychopathological symptoms and correlate with the severity of ASD. Disorders of the intestinal microbiota are detected in more than 80% of cases of ASD in children. At the same time, it was found that representatives of the fila Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria are the most common in the intestinal microbiota in ASD children, although their qualitative and quantitative ratios in ASD differ. In patients with ASD, a decrease in the content of representatives of the phylum Firmicutes and a relatively high prevalence of Bacteroidetes producing short-chain fatty acids were revealed, due to this, they can influence the central nervous system and behaviour in autism. Differences in the biodiversity of the intestinal microbiota in ASD are determined by heterogeneity of demographic and geographical characteristics, differences in diet, concomitant forms of pathology, severity of behavioural and gastrointestinal symptoms, different methods of analysis and treatment. Modification of the intestinal microbiome by fecal microbiota transplantation is potentially the most promising way to improve gastrointestinal and behavioural symptoms in ASD children.
Food allergy to cow’s milk proteins and meat
Authors: Revyakina Vera A. , Mukhortykh Valeriy A. , Larkova Inna A. , Kuvshinova Elena D.
Published: November 2023

Introduction. Cow’s milk and dairy products are important sources of high-quality animal proteins, calcium, vitamins, and minerals. They are widely used in the diet of preschool and school-age children and contribute to the normal development and resilience of children against the effects of adverse external factors. However, cow’s milk can cause serious allergic reactions in children, even leading to anaphylaxis. Allergy to cow’s milk proteins is one of the common allergic reactions among preschool-age children. Through conducted research, patterns of the natural course of milk allergy over time have been established. In most cases, by the age of 5 years, children develop tolerance to cow’s milk proteins. However, some school-age children may retain heightened sensitivity to them. Sustaining such prolonged milk allergy in a school-age child requires identifying the cause and conducting in-depth examinations for each specific patient. In such cases, valuable information about elevated sensitivity to whole cow’s milk protein and its components is provided by molecular (component-based) diagnostics. This enables the identification of causally significant components (α-lactalbumin, β-lactoglobulin, bovine serum albumin) of milk protein for the purpose of rational diet therapy, considering cross-reactions with beef meat. The presented article summarizes and systematizes literary and proprietary data on allergy to cow’s milk proteins and its components, as well as to beef meat. Understanding the characteristics of allergy to cow’s milk proteins and its components, cross-reacting with beef, will help avoid serious consequences of irrational elimination diets.
NOVE MOGUĆNOSTI FORENZIČKE DIFERENCIJACIJE MONOZIGOTNIH BLIZANACA
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Law, Šebek Vladimir
Published: November 2023

Processing cases with collected biological traces originating from identical, or monozygotic (MZ) twins, remains a challenge in criminology and simultaneously in criminal justice, given that current genetic technology cannot distinguish between individuals with identical genomes. As the rate of twin births is continuing to grow, it is anticipated that the frequency of forensic samples originating from MZ twins, in cases of criminal offenses, will also increase and result in further unsolved cases due to the lack of cost-effective and accurate forensic methods of DNA analysis for monozygotic twins, which is the fundamental systemic vulnerability of the standardized DNA method. Fortunately, in addition to the traditional forensic approach in providing evidence to identify criminal perpetrators, new tools in genome analysis are opening the door to explore the epigenetic landscape and may provide new biomarkers to the forensic community for challenging samples such as monozygotic twins. Accordingly, this paper aims to critically review DNA expertise and evaluate a new method of monozygotic twins’ identification through DNA analysis, which promises to differentiate them both for forensics and law. In order to prove the claim about the increased rate of twin births, we conducted research with the aim of determining the incidence of twins in the general population, with special reference to the Republic of Serbia. Moreover, in the paper we presented an example from court practice as a case study with a monozygotic twin as a defendant in criminal case.
ODREĐIVANjE MERODAVNOG PRAVA ZA VANUGOVORNU ODGOVORNOST ZA UPOTREBU SISTEMA VEŠTAČKE INTELIGENCIJE – NEKOLIKO NAPOMENA IZ UGLA MEĐUNARODNOG PRIVATNOG PRAVA EVROPSKE UNIJE
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Law, Đorđević Slavko
Published: November 2023

In this paper author analyzes the application of conflict-of-law rules of Regulation No 864/2007 on the law applicable to non-contractual obligations (Rome II Regulation) on non-contractual obligations arising out of torts caused by operation of artificial intelligence (AI) systems. The attention is given to general conflict-of-law rules on torts (Art. 4 Rome II Regulation), special conflict-of-law rules on product liability (Art. 5 Rome II Regulation) and infringement of intellectual property rights (Art. 8 Rome II Regulation), as well as to provisions on parties’ freedom of choice (Art. 14 Rome II Regulation), whereas the focus is put on problems in their application which can arise with regard to specific characteristics of AI systems. In addition, the application of provisions of the HCCH 1971 Traffic Accident Convention and the HCCH 1973 Product Liability Convention on cases involving AI systems are shortly analyzed, since these conventions take precedence over Rome II Regulation in certain EU Member States. Finally, some remarks are given on the unilateral conflict-of-law rule contained in Proposal for a Regulation of the Parliament and of the Council on Liability for the Operation of Artificial Intelligence of 20 October 2020.
PRESUDA EVROPSKOG SUDA ZA LjUDSKA PRAVA U PREDMETU ORLANDI I OSTALI PROTIV ITALIJE – PRIZNANjE ISTOPOLNOG BRAKA ZAKLjUČENOG U INOSTRANSTVU
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Law, Pavlović Mina
Published: November 2023

The author in paper analyzes in detail factual and legal aspects of Orlandi and Others v Italy case in which European Court of Human Rights acted (hereafter: ECtHR). Six same-sex couples concluded same-sex marriages in foreign countries, outside Italy. Their subsequent attempt to register those marriages before the Italian competent authorities was not successful. They submitted four ECtHR applications against Italy during 2012, refering to violation of Art. 8, and Art. 14 in relation to Art. 8 and Art. 12 of the European Convention of human rights (hereafter: ECHR). After the submission, but before the judgment of that Court (2017), Italy enacted the Law No. 76/2016, which introduced provisions on civil unions. By additional legislative changes, the registration of the foreign same-sex marriage as a civil union in terms of Italian law is enabled. Keeping that in mind, ECtHR concluded that the applicants, until enactment of that Law and accompanying legislative amendments, were left in the “legal vacuum” of the Italian legal system. In the light of explained argumentation of the Court, the violation of Art. 8 of ECHR was established. The author also pays special attention to the Italian Court of Cassation’s judgment of 2012, which was important for the further development of the Italian legal system regarding the same-sex couples. In the paper author also indicates impacts of the Orlandi and Others v Italy judgment to the contracting states of ECHR.
PRAVO DETETA NA IME I GRANICE RODITELjSKE AUTONOMIJE
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Law, Mladenović Tamara
Published: November 2023

The right of the child to a name constitutes a pivotal element in the establishment of a child's identity, a process initiated immediately upon birth. This entitlement, in essence, serves as a more specific manifestation of the right to identity as enshrined in Article 64 of the Constitution of the Republic of Serbia and Article 7 of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child. Simultaneously, it entails the responsibility of parents to collaboratively and consensually determine the child's given and family name, with a significant degree of autonomy granted to them. However, it is important to note that this autonomy, though substantial within the realm of parental rights, is subject to appropriate constraints. The approach adopted by various states in regulating parental authority concerning the selection of a child's name has led to the development of divergent systems within the broader European legal framework. This paper undertakes an examination of the parameters that limit parental autonomy as prescribed by national legislation, guided by the principles of the best interests of the child, which should be the paramount consideration of parents, and the principle of participation, which is exemplified by the child's right to express an opinion during later stages of development. Furthermore, the principle of non-discrimination necessitates the avoidance of automatic determination of the child's family name solely based on one parent's surname in cases where the parents' surnames differ.
Untangling the finance goal: An introduction to the new collective quantified goal
Authors: Alayza Natalia
Published: November 2023

This paper aims to provide an overview of the current new collective quantified goal (NCQG) discussions that will pave the way towards its adoption at COP29. The goal will address developing countries' needs and priorities, securing financial flows to enable countries' climate ambition. Success will depend on understanding the main elements embedded in the finance goal. This paper unpacks these elements and gives an overview of options available to negotiators.
PRODUCCIÓN DE HIDRÓGENO A PARTIR DE BIOMASA POR MEDIO DE FERMENTACIÓN OSCURA: UNA REVISIÓN
Authors: Castiblanco Orlando , Guerrero David
Published: November 2023

El hidrógeno es un vector energético y una materia prima industrial que se puede obtener por diferentes métodos, entre los que se tiene la fermentación oscura, y a partir de diferentes fuentes de biomasa, donde las condiciones y el rendimiento se ven afectados por el pH, el inóculo, el sustrato, los nutrientes, la temperatura y el tipo de reactor. Los géneros bacterianos Enterobacter, Bacillus y Clostridium, dadas sus características fisicoquímicas, generan unos rendimientos aproximadamente de 2 mol H2/mol glucosa. El artículo destaca que este proceso presenta ventajas significativas, como la utilización de materias primas renovables y la reducción de emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero en comparación con los métodos tradicionales basados en combustibles fósiles. Además, se destaca la importancia del rol del ingeniero químico de cara a mejorar la eficiencia y la estabilidad del proceso, a superar los desafíos técnicos y a mitigar los efectos adversos sobre el medio ambiente.
The Impact of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors on Individuals with Diabetes Mellitus Type two and Heart Failure
Authors:   Department of Pharmacy,Kut University College, Alkut, Wasit, Iraq, 52001, Al-Shammari Ahmed Hamza , Abbood Zainab A. ,   Department of Pharmacy,Kut University College, Alkut, Wasit, Iraq, 52001, Lateef Hayder F. ,   Ministry of Health and Environment, Al-Zahraa Teaching Hospital, Wasit, Iraq
Published: November 2023

Background: SGLT2 Inhibitors are a new family proven by FDA to treat diabetes mellitus type two and because of their cardioprotective effect now used widely in diabetic patients suffering from heart failure. Objective: This study’s goal is to determine the effect of cardioprotective SGLT2 Inhibitors on patients with diabetes mellites and heart failure. Methods: We collected and analyzed fourteen articles, which were published from the period 2015 to 2023, all looking for an influence of SGLT2 inhibitors on diabetics with heart failure. Results: all SGLT2 inhibitors caused a significant decrease in symptoms and hospitalization, morbidity, and mortality and expand the life pattern in patients with heart failure due to the cardiac inflammation reduction, hypertrophy reduction and fibrosis reduction by which they reduce cardiac remodeling. Conclusion: All SGLT2 inhibitors are equally effective in mortality and morbidity reduction in diabetic patients suffering from HF.
Determination of Life Microinsurance Premium Using the Commercial Rate Method
Authors: Widyani Azizah Rini , Riaman Riaman , Sukono Sukono
Published: November 2023

Microinsurance is insurance that is intended for people who have low incomes which is made with the aim that all levels of society can have insurance with affordable prices. Life insurance is a protection program for families in the event of unwanted things, such as death or permanent disability, to policy holders. This study aims to determine the life microinsurance premium. The data sample used is data on claim and benefit paid by life insurance company obtained from the official website of Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK) Indonesia, which is assumed to have a log-normal distribution. The research method is to test the distribution of claims from the sample data using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Then determine the value of the claim distribution parameter, and then calculating life microinsurance premium using the Commercial Rate method. The results obtained in the form of premium for life microinsurance that are payable by low-income people.
Application of Black Scholes Method to Determining Premium Insurance In the Potato Agricultural Based on Price Index
Authors: Sutisna Sarah , Sukono Sukono , Napitupulu Herlina
Published: November 2023

Potato is one of the leading horticultural commodities. Potato farming business often experiences price fluctuations that cause losses to farmers.The government is making efforts to minimize the farmers' losses by issuing agricultural insurance programs. This study aims to determine the relationship between potato prices at the provincial level and potato prices at the farmer level and to determine agricultural insurance premiums based on the price index. The data used are potato price data at the West Java Province level and potato price data at the farmer level in Pangalengan District. The correlation between provincial level prices and farmer level prices can be obtained using the Pearson Product Moment correlation method. The price index is calculated using the relative price index method. Determination of the premium to be paid by farmers using the Black-Scholes method. The results of the analysis show that potato prices at the West Java Province level have a very strong correlation with farmer prices in Pangalengan District in October. Based on the Black-Scholes method, the premium value depends on the trigger value obtained with a price range between IDR 9,806,100.00 to IDR 10,267,784.00 for a sum insured of IDR 39,403,000 per one contract period. Various premium values can be a consideration for farmers in choosing an agricultural insurance policy.
A STUDY TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SELECTED INTERVENTION ON DYSMENORRHOEA AMONG ADOLESCENTS IN A SELECTED SCHOOL AT LUCKNOW
Authors: Anitha M Ms. Anitha M , masih Dr. Suraj J
Published: November 2023

Dysmenorrhea affects half of all female adolescents today and represents the leading cause of periodic college/school absenteeism among that population. The Objectives was to assess the effectiveness of ginger powder on dysmenorrheal symptoms among adolescents. A one group pre test and post test Pre experimental design was adopted for the study. Setting for study was Government Inter School, Lucknow.60 adolescent girls with dysmenorrhoeal symptoms fulfilling the inclusion criteria were selected by convenient sampling. A pre-test was conducted by using menstrual symptoms assessment scale.
Estudo da transição BKT na pseudoesfera através da aproximação harmônica auto-consistente
Authors:   , Sousa Gabriel Júnior de
Published: November 2023

As transições de fase apresentaram uma profunda quebra de paradigma no estudo dos materiais. Na física de baixas dimensões, há uma classe peculiar de fenômenos cuja na- tureza é exclusivamente topológica. Os defeitos oriundos do arranjo de cristais ou do surgimento de quasipartículas, predispõem, dentre outras possibilidades, a ocorrência de alterações nas propriedades magnéticas do sistema. Neste trabalho, investigamos a tran- sição de fase de Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless (BKT) sobre uma variedade riemanniana de curvatura negativa conhecida como pseudoesfera através da aproximação harmônica auto-consistente (AHAC) com o objetivo de determinar os parâmetros termodinâmicos renormalizados introduzidos por este método. Em decorrência disto, uma primeira es- timativa para a temperatura de transição é fornecida. A complexidade da geometria hiperbólica no que se refere a sua expressão no espaço euclideano mostra-se evidente. Pensando em futuros estudos voltados a aplicações tecnológicas e em eliminar os obstácu- los que esta diﬁculdade impõe, aplicamos parte dos nossos esforços a clariﬁcar a literatura existente estabelecendo uma ponte entre o modelo da pseudoesfera apresentado e o espaço matemático do laboratório via isometrias. Palavras-chave: Transição BKT. Aproximação harmônica auto-consistente. Pseudoes- fera.
OPTIMALISASI PERAN POKDARWIS DESA WISATA AIK BUAL KECAMATAN KOPANG KABUPATEN LOMBOK TENGAH PASCA COVID-19.
Authors: Listinia Rizky , Jumail M , Abdullah Ajuar
Published: November 2023

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Desa Aik Bual Kecamatan Kopang. Pemilihan lokasi penelitian di Desa Aik Bual Kecamatan Kopang dengan pertimbangan, bahwa di Desa aik bual ini memiliki potensi wisata alam dan budaya yang selalu ramai di kunjungi. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu, observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Dalam penelitian ini penulis menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Analisis data yang digunakan peneliti yaitu analisis data kualitatif. Adapun hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu, melakukan sosialisasi prokes kepada masyarakat desa Aik Bual, selain itu kebersihan lingkungan, selain itu pembuatan posko covid-19, melakukan pengembangan produk lokal, dan CHSE.
Trauma Informed Interventions and Academic Adjustment among Adolescent Students in Public Secondary Schools in Kenya
Authors: Omare Justine Momanyi , Onderi Peter Omae , Bashaija Athanansio
Published: November 2023

Globally, the problem of escalating incidences of trauma among adolescents has adversely affected their physical, behavioral, emotional and psychological functioning hence impairing their quality and ability to adjust in school. The purpose of this study was to establish the effectiveness of trauma informed interventions and academic adjustment among adolescents in public secondary schools in Kisii County. This study employed an explanatory sequential mixed method design. The study targeted a population of 1100 students from which 275 students were sampled through simple random and purposive sampling technique. Data were collected using self-administered questionnaires, Focused Group Discussions, in-depth interviews and academic adjustment scale. Both descriptive and inferential techniques were employed to analyze quantitative data. The qualitative data were analyzed thematically. The results from Pearson Correlation coefficient affirmed a positive statistically significant nexus (n=.732, n= 275, p<.0.05) between trauma informed interventions and academic adjustment. The qualitative data findings further affirmed that trauma informed interventions enhance academic adjustment and resilience among adolescents. The study concluded that effective adoption of trauma informed interventions are critical in coping with academic adjustment levels among adolescents.
Exploring the Role of Relationship Quality in the Manufacturer-Distributor Context: A Structural Model
Authors: Prasetya Prita , Najib Mukhamad
Published: November 2023

This research aims to describe and validate the dimensions of relationship quality essential for the perception of distributors provided by their suppliers (manufacturers). In business-to-business (B2B) relationships, relationship marketing focuses on collaborative efforts to maintain long-term relationships. Therefore, this study considers and expands the understanding of the factors underlying the success of high-quality relationships in B2B. This research sample was taken purposively by distributing questionnaires to managers and supervisors of the distributor company. Second, in-depth interviews were conducted in groups involving academics and practitioners in service quality. This research contributes theoretically by identifying relevant dimensions and proving context-specific definitions. The authors also present managerial implications and recommendations for improving the distributor experience service and the quality of B2B relationships.
DeepGram: Combining Language Transformer and N-Gram based ML Models for YouTube Spam Comment Detection
Authors: Agarwal Ankit , Nikitha Peddi , Ramkumar Sable , Sinha Anurag , Maheshwari Pratyush , Saini Arshroop Singh
Published: November 2023

Spam comments on YouTube videos are a persistent issue that can negatively impact the user experience and content creator’s reputation. In this paper, we propose an algorithm called “DeepGram” for detecting YouTube spam comments using a combination of deep learning-based language transformer models and N-gram-based machine learning (ML) models. The algorithm leverages the power of language transformers, which have shown significant success in various natural language processing tasks, along with N-gram-based models that capture local context and patterns in the text data. The proposed algorithm goes through several stages, including data collection, text preprocessing, feature extraction, and model training. The collected YouTube comments are preprocessed by removing special characters, punctuation, and HTML tags and converting them to lowercase. Common stop words are also removed, and stemming or lemmatization is applied to reduce dimensionality. The algorithm then extracts features from the preprocessed comments using a combination of language transformer models and N-gram-based features. Finally, the features are fed into ML models for training and evaluation. Experimental results on a large dataset of YouTube comments show that the DeepGram algorithm achieves high accuracy and robust performance in detecting spam comments. The proposed algorithm can be potentially employed as an effective tool for YouTube content creators and platform moderators to combat spam comments and improve the quality of user interactions on YouTube videos.
 
Received: 15 April 2023 | Revised: 15 September 2023 | Accepted: 16 November 2023
 
Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.
 
Data Availability Statement
Data available on request from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.