bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
İslam Düşüncesinde Muhalefetin Teopolitik İmkânı ve Yapısı
Authors: Barlak Muzaffer
Published: December 2018

İslam
dininin temel kaynakları olan Kur’an-ı Kerim ve hadislerde yönetim ile ilgili
esaslar detaylı bir şekilde ortaya konulmamıştır. Bu durum İslam toplumlarının
siyasi yapılanmasında geniş bir beşerî saha oluşturmuştur. Bu geniş beşerî
sahada muhalif tutumların en fazla belirginleştiği konu, fâsık ve zalim bir
yöneticiye karşı halkın tutumunun nasıl olması gerektiği üzerinedir. İslâm siyasî
tarihinde bu konuda ileri sürülen kanaatlerden biri de yönetime isyan etmek,
diğer bir ifade ile devrim yapmaktır. Devrim taraftarlarına göre bir yönetici
iktidarını günah ve zulüm ile lekelediğinde bu yöneticinin iktidardan
indirilmesi gerekir. İktidardan azletmenin gerçekleşmesi için gerektiğinde
şiddete başvurulabilir. Devrim yöntemi, İslam toplumlarında neredeyse her dönemde
taraftar bulmuş ve bu çerçevede İslam siyasi tarihinde dini referanslarla meşru
gösterilmeye çalışılan birçok isyan hareketi yaşanmıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı,
İslam dininin temel kaynaklarının yöneticiyi değiştirme konusunda isyan
yöntemine teşvik edip etmediğini veya en azından yöneticiye başkaldırmanın
İslâmî çerçevede meşru bir zemininin bulunup bulunmadığını ortaya koymaktır. Tarih
boyunca isyan hareketlerinin Müslüman toplumlardaki devlet yapılanmalarına
verdiği zararlar bilinmektedir. Bunun yanında son dönemde yaşanan Arap Baharı
isyanları, IŞİD, Boko Haram, Haşdi Şabi gibi İslamcı görünümlü terör örgütlerinin
faaliyetleri ve nihayet dini referansların kuvvetle kullanıldığı 15 Temmuz
darbe girişiminin de modern Müslüman toplumlardaki istikrarı ne denli tehdit
ettiği tecrübe edilmiştir. Bu açıdan devrimci ekolün kendilerini haklı ve
yöntemlerini de meşru göstermek üzere delil olarak ileri sürdükleri nassların
tahlil edilmesi önem taşımaktadır. Bunun yanında iktidar değişiminde uygun
yöntemin ne olduğuna dair temel dini metinler ve İslam âlimlerinin
kanaatlerinin gözden geçirilerek alternatif yöntem önerisinde bulunmak elzem
görünmektedir.
Kaderî-Mürciî Olarak Tanımlanan Şahıslar ve Mezhebî Aidiyet Problemleri
Authors: ALİBEKİROĞLU Fatmanur
Published: December 2018

Mezhebî eğilimler arasındaki etkileşim örneklerinden biri olarak Kaderî-Mürciî şahıslar, fırak geleneğinde Mürcie ya da Mu'tezile içerisinde zikredilen, her iki eğilimin temel fikirlerinden bir kısmını bir arada benimseyen şahıslardır. Mu'tezile içerisindeki durumları ise “beş esasa” muhalif olma gerekçesiyle bazı yazarlar tarafından reddedilirken, bu muhalefet Mu'tezilî tabakatlarda zikredilmelerine engel olmamıştır. Bu sebeple mezhepler tarihi geleneğinde söz konusu şahıslar için farklı tanımlamalar ve muhtelif tasnif çabaları mevcut olmuştur. Fakat bu tasnif gayretleri bazı sorunlara sebebiyet vermiştir. Bunun yanında Mu'tezile içerisindeki konumları da onlara Mu'tezilî tabakalarda yer veren yazarlar nezdinde dahi olumlu bir şekilde tasvir edilmemiş, irca fikrinden ötürü onlar için dışlayıcı bir tavır sergilenmiştir.
Alevî Nitelemeli Ocak / Gruplara Ait Tekke, Zâviye ve Dergâhlardaki Cami ve Mescidler
Authors: ÜÇER Cenksu
Published: December 2018

Bu çalışmada günümüzde
daha çok Alevî nitelemesi kullanılan gruplara ait tekke, zâviye ve dergâhlarda
bulunan cami ve mescid varlığı ele alınmaktadır. Bilindiği gibi söz konusu bu
gruplar geçmişte her biri Bektâşî, Erdebil Sûfiyân Süreği Mensubu (Kızılbaş),
Tahtacı, Dede Garkınlı, Hubyarlı, Keçeci Babalı gibi mensup olduğu ocak ismiyle
isimlendirilmiştir.

            Söz konusu bu ocakların her biri, bütün telakkîlerini
tasavvuf ve tarikat hayatı kalıplarında anlamlandırmıştır. Alevî nitelemeli
ocak ve gruplar geçmişte içlerinde “tevhid” kısmının da bulunduğu âdâb ve
erkânı, diğer tasavvufî ekollerde ya da tarikatlarda olduğu gibi, tekke, zâviye
ve dergâhlarda; tekke, zâviye ya da dergâhın bulunmadığı yerleşim yerlerinde
ise gerekli büyüklükte evi olan bir dede ya da talibin evinde toplanıp
yürütmüşlerdir.

Tarihi
sürece ve pratik uygulamaya bakıldığında, tasavvuf ekolleri ve tarikatlara ait tekke,
zâviye ve dergâhların yanında namaz kılmak için bir cami ve mescit bulunduğu
bilinmektedir. Bu pratik durumun Hacı Bektâş Velî, Seyyid Battal Gazi,
Şücâaddin Velî, Abdal Musa, Keçeci Baba gibi Alevî nitelemeli ocak ve grupların
geleneksel âdâb ve erkân merkezleri tekke, zâviye ve dergâhlarda da söz konusu
olduğu görülmektedir.

Bu
konuda yapılacak çalışma ve değerlendirmelerin bu gerçekliği dikkate alması
yerinde olacaktır.
Hallu’r rumûz fî ‘akâidi’d Durûz (Kitap Kritiği)
Authors: Ergin Mehmet Beşir
Published: December 2018

II. Abdülhâmid döneminde, Abdülkâdir
el-Cezâirî’nin liderliğinde Muhammed Selîm b. İsmâil el Âmidî el-Buharî (ö.
1347/1928) gibi Selefî âlimler, Selefî hareketin önemli merkezlerinden biri
olan Suriye’de Osmanlılar’a karşı muhalefet hareketinin önde gelenleri arasında
yer almıştır. Selefi meşrebe sahip bir şahsiyet olarak el-Buharî, Ehl-i Sünnet
dışındaki öteki mezhepleri ve fırkaları konu edinebilmiştir. el-Buharî,
Dürzilerin yoğun bir şekilde yaşadıkları Suriye topraklarında yaşamış ve onları
birincil kaynaklardan okuyarak Hallu’r rumûz fî ‘akâidi’d Durûz adında
bir kitap te’lif etmiştir.Eserin özellikle sonuç kısmında yer
alan dürzilerin Kur’ân âyetlerini yorumlama örnekleri bu kitabı tanıtmamızda
önemli bir sâik olmuştur. Müellifin dürzilerin yoğun olarak yaşadığı Suriye’de
olması onlar hakkında daha fazla malumat sahibi olma imkânını vermiştir Bu
nedenle eser dürzilik hakkında bilgi almak isteyenler için büyük bir öneme hâizdir.
Almanya'da ve Avrupa'da Aleviliğin Kurumsallaşması – Zorluklar ve Fırsatlar Sempozyumu
Authors: KELEŞ Bülent
Published: December 2018

Delil Eğitim Akademisi’nin Duisburg-Essen Üniversitesi Protestan Teoloji Enstitüsü ile birlikte organize ettiği ve Avrupa Alevi Birlikleri Konfederasyonu, Weingarten Pedagoji Yüksekokulu, Hamburg Üniversitesi ve Akademie der Weltreligionen (Dünya Dinleri Akademisi) işbirliği ile gerçekleşen I. Delil Eğitim Akademisi Sempozyumu, “Almanya’da ve Avrupa’da Aleviliğin Kurumsallaşması – Zorluklar ve Fırsatlar” başlığı altında yapıldı. Duisburg-Essen Üniversitesi’nin Essen Kampüsü’nde gerçekleşen sempozyum 1-2 Aralık 2017 tarihleri arasında gerçekleştirilen sempozyumun tanıtımını içermektedir.
Rural-Urban	Differences	in	Stroke	Types,	Risk	Factors,	Severity	and Prognosis in Babol, Northern Iran
Authors: Saadat Payam , Ahmadi Ahangar Alijan , Khafri Soraya , Kalantar Mandana , Dariaie Azin , Alijanpour Shayan , Mortazavinejhad Roghayyeh , Faraji Sekineh , Frajzadeh Fatemeh
Published: December 2018

Introduction: Stroke recognized as the third most common cause of death. Stroke survivors often suffer a large amount of physical and mental disability. Due to assess difference between stroke types, progression and distribution of risk factors according to residential status, to get the correct information for prevention planning and management, this study was conducted.
Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study on stroke patient from 2016 to 2017 that admitted to Ayatollah Rohani Hospital of Babol was conducted. Type of stroke, their severity, risk factors, and urban or rural area of residence of patients were recorded in the checklist. The chi-square test was used to compare frequencies of gender, and stroke risk assessment between the urban and rural residents. Binary logistic regression modeling was used to estimate the association of risk factors with living in urban and rural areas. The results were expressed as multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95 % confidence intervals (95 % CIs). A two-sided p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. All data analyses were performed, using SPSS statistical analysis software.
Results: Of 241 stroke patients, 133 patients (55 %) were female and 213 patients (88.4 %) were  ischemic.  Also,  140 cases were (58  %)  rural.  Embolic strokes more in urban population and thrombotic strokes were more in rural populations. Hyperlipidemia was more in urban than rural p = 0.01. Severity of stroke in admission time (p = 0.03) and at discharge (p = 0.005) was more in rural than urban. The mortality was higher in rural 12 (8.6) vs. 2 (2) urban resident,( p = 0.03).
Conclusion: Rural patients had more severity, thrombotic type and mortality than urban. Suitable policy regard to residential parameter is suggested.
Socio-Demographic Determinants of Quality of Life among Older People, a Population-Based Study
Authors: Momenabadi Victoria , Hossein Kaveh Mohammad , Nazari Mahin , Ghahremani Leila
Published: December 2018

Introduction: Social participation is considered one dimension and also determinant of quality of life. The level of social participation of the elderly is influenced by various components such as socio-economic and demographic factors. The present study aimed to assess the relationship between social participation, quality of life, and some socio- economic factors in community dwelling elderly in Kerman, Iran.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 250 communities dwelling old people in Kerman in 2017 selected through random sampling. The data were collected using researcher-made Social Participation questionnaire and WHOQOL-BREF questionnaires. The data were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient, t-test, one-way ANOVA, and linear regression analysis.
Results: The results revealed the participants’ mean score of social participation was above fifty. Social participation was significantly associated with age (p < 0.001), marital status (p = 0.004), education level (p < 0.001), and occupation (p = 0.021). A significant direct correlation was also observed between social participation and quality of life (p < 0.001), and social participation determined 21 % of variance of life quality score (p < 0.001).
Conclusion: With the increase in social participation of the elderly, their quality of life improves. Establishing nongovernmental organizations, charities, and associations for retirement and aging can increase the level of social participation of the elderly.
Klotho as a Novel Cardioprotective Protein in Aged Heart
Authors: Dehghani Ali , Safari Fatemeh
Published: December 2018

Editorial
Associated Factors of Chronic Kidney Disease among Hyponatraemic Elderly Patients Attending a Primary Care Clinic
Authors: Li Tay Chai
Published: December 2018

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) emerges to be an important geriatric health issue. It may progress to end stage renal failure and affect the quality of life. However, little is known about the associated factors of CKD. So this study aimed to determine the associated factors of CKD among hyponatraemic elderly.
Methods: This is a retrospective study of hyponatraemic patients aged ≥ 60 years attending outpatient clinic in 2014. Blood test results of glucose, potassium, creatinine, medical history, blood pressure, medication and demographic  data were  captured from patient records. Each patient’s estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated using the CKD-EPI Creatinine Equation. CKD is defined as eGFR of < 60 ml/min/1.73m2. SPSS 21 was used to do the analysis.
Results: Totally 257 patients with mean age of 72.9 ± 7.3 years were enrolled in this study. Of them 73 (28.4 %) elderly had CKD. The mean eGFR was 72.62 ± 24.14 ml/min/1.73m2, mean BP was (135.75 ± 18/10) mmHg. Of the participants, 134 (52.1 %) were men, 151 (58.8 %) were diabetics, 247 (96.1 %) had hypertension. The independent associated factors of CKD were increasing age (OR 1.08; 95 % CI 1.03-1.13; p = 0.002), hyperglycaemia (OR 1.10; 95 % CI 1.02-1.18; p = 0.017) and the use of loop diuretics (OR 5.15; 95 % CI 1.52-17.38; p = 0.008).
Conclusion: Hyperglycaemia and loop diuretics usage are found to be significantly associated with CKD among elderly patients attending a primary care clinic. Hence every effort should be made to optimise glucose control and cautious in the usage of loop diuretics to retard the decline in renal function.
عدالت در تأمین مالی خدمات سلامت با تأکید بر شاخص هزینه‌های کمرشکن خدمات سلامت
Authors: عامری حسین
Published: December 2018

Abstract is not available
عوامل فردی و سازمانی مؤثر بر خلاقیت و نوآوری مدیران بیمارستان‌های دولتی و خصوصی شهر کرج
Authors: پورآقا بهروز , شریف کاظمی کبری , صادقی مرتضی
Published: December 2018

زمینه و هدف: بیمارستان‌ها به‌عنوان یکی از مهمترین سازمان‌های بخش خدماتی کشور، برای بقا و پیشرفت به وجود مدیران خلاق و نوآور نیازمندند. پرورش چنین مدیرانی در محیط پر تلاطم امروزی، امری ضروری است و این امر حاصل نمی شود مگر بر اثر وجود بستری مناسب که رشد اندیشه‌ها را ممکن سازد و آن‌ها را به مرز آفرینندگی برساند. این مطالعه با هدف بررسی شناخت عوامل فردی و سازمانی مؤثر بر خلاقیت و نوآوری مدیران بیمارستان‌های شهر کرج انجام گرفت.
روش پژوهش: پژوهش حاضر مطالعه‌ای مقطعی بود که در سال 1396 در بیمارستان‌های شهر کرج انجام گرفت. حجم نمونه شامل 63 نفر از مدیران ارشد بیمارستان‌های دولتی و خصوصی شهر کرج به روش سرشماری بود. داده‌ها توسط پرسشنامه استاندارد جمع آوری شد و با استفاده از آمار توصیفی، به ‌وسیله نرم افزار SPSS 16 مورد تحلیل قرار گرفت.
یافته‌ها: مهمترین عامل فردی مؤثر بر خلاقیت مدیران، تحمل ابهام (شک و دودلی) در مواجهه با مسائل با میانگین امتیاز 73/1 و مهمترین عامل سازمانی مؤثر بر خلاقیت مدیران، غیر متمرکز بودن ساختار بیمارستان با میانگین امتیاز 76/1 بود. همچنین مهمترین عامل فردی مؤثر بر نوآوری مدیران، صبر و شکیبایی در اجرای ایده‌های جدید خود با میانگین امتیاز 24/1 و مهمترین عامل سازمانی مؤثر بر نوآوری مدیران، انعطاف پذیر بودن سیستم حقوق و دستمزد با میانگین امتیاز 54/1 بوده است.
نتیجه گیری: برای ارتقای خلاقیت مدیران، می بایست قدرت اختیار بیشتری برای مدیران قائل شد و آموزش تفکر خلاق داده شود و پرداخت پاداش‌ها مبتنی بر خلاقیت باشد. جهت ارتقای نوآوری نیز باید از مدیران نوآور حمایت شود و پاداش مادی و معنوی مناسب اعطا گردد.
تبیین چالش‌های اجرای طرح تحول نظام سلامت در حوزه درمان در شهر قم
Authors: خلجی نیا زهره , گائینی مینا
Published: December 2018

زمینه و هدف: طرح تحول نظام سلامت با 3 رویکرد حفاظت مالی از مردم، ایجاد عدالت در دسترسی به خدمات سلامت و نیز ارتقاء کیفیت از اردیبهشت ماه سال 1393 اجرا شد. طرح تحول نظام سلامت، همانند هر طرح دیگر، با چالش‌هایی روبه رو بوده است. این مطالعه با هدف تبیین چالش‌های طرح تحول نظام سلامت در حوزه درمان در شهر قم انجام گرفت.  
روش پژوهش: طی نمونه گیری هدفمند، این مطالعه کیفی با مشارکت 23 نفر از ارائه دهندگان خدمت (مدیران و پرسنل درمانی) شاغل در مراکز آموزشی-  درمانی وابسته به دانشگاه علوم پزشکی قم و 5 نفر از گیرندگان خدمت در سال 1397-1396 انجام شد. از مصاحبه‌ي نیمه ساختارمند براي جمع آوري داده‌ها بهره گرفته شد. تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها با استفاده از روش تحلیل محتواي قراردادي و با نرم افزار MaxQDA 10 انجام شد.
یافته‌ها: از تحلیل داده‌ها، 5 درون مایه اصلی شامل "چالش‌های اقتصادی"، "تقاضای القایی"، "منابع انسانی"، "پیامدهای منفی طرح" و "عدم زیر ساخت مناسب" استخراج گردید.
نتیجه گیری: نتایج حاصل از مطالعه، چالش‌های اصلی طرح تحول نظام سلامت در حوزه درمان را تبیین نمود که در صورت عدم برنامه ریزی و توجه ویژه به این چالش‌ها، ادامه اجرای طرح با مشکلات جدی مواجه خواهد شد. لذا تداوم اجرای طرح نیاز به حمایت همه جانبه از طرف مسئولین و برنامه ریزی و سیاستگذاری مناسب دارد.
بررسی رابطه بین تعامل پزشک- پرستار و حوادث ایمنی بیمار در بیمارستان امیرالمؤمنین تهران
Authors: رنجبری پری , علی محمدزاده خلیل , حسینی سید مجتبی
Published: December 2018

زمینه و هدف: ارتباط پزشک و پرستار شامل تعامل متقابل بین آن‌ها برای دستیابی به یک هدف مشترک درمانی یعنی ارتقای وضعیت سلامتی و ایمنی بیمار است. مطالعه حاضر با هدف بررسی رابطه بین تعامل پزشک- پرستار و حوادث ایمنی بیمار در بیمارستان امیرالمؤمنین تهران انجام گرفت.
روش پژوهش: مطالعه کاربردی حاضر به صورت مقطعی و تحلیلی در سال 1396 انجام گرفت. جامعه پژوهش در برگیرنده کلیه پزشکان تمام وقت و پرستاران شاغل در بیمارستان امیرالمؤمنین تهران بودند و 186 پرستار با روش نمونه گیری در دسترس و 45 پزشک تمام وقت به صورت سرشماری به عنوان نمونه پژوهش تعیین شد. اطلاعات از طريق پرسشنامه 4 قسمتی شامل اطلاعات جمعیت شناختی، دیدگاه پزشکان نسبت به رابطه پزشک- پرستار، دیدگاه پرستاران نسبت به رابطه پزشک- پرستار و حوادث ایمنی بیماران جمع آوري شد. تجزيه و تحليل داده‌ها با استفاده از نرم افزار SPSS 22 و آزمون دقیق فیشر انجام گرفت.
یافته‌ها: 45 پزشک (00/100 درصد) و 174 پرستار (54/93 درصد) با تکمیل پرسشنامه در پژوهش شرکت نمودند. بر اساس دیدگاه پزشکان، رابطه بد، متوسط و خوب پزشک- پرستار به ترتیب 9/8، 0/80 و 1/11 درصد و بر اساس دیدگاه پرستاران این میزان به ترتیب 9/6، 7/74 و 4/18 درصد به‌دست آمد. در 10 مورد از حوادث، رابطه معناداری میان وضعیت رابطه پزشک- پرستار و حوادث ایمنی وجود داشت (05/0 > p). 
نتیجه گیری: حوادث ایمنی بیمار می تواند با نوع تعامل بین پرستاران و پزشکان در ارتباط باشد؛ بنابراین بهبود تعامل پرستاران و پزشکان به عنوان یکی از عوامل تأثیرگذار گزارش شده است و لازم است ارتقاء ایمنی بیماران مورد توجه بیشتری قرار گیرد.
First report of the fungus Diaporthe phaseolorum on sunflower in Russia
Authors: Gomzhina Maria M. , Gannibal Philipp B.
Published: December 2018

Fungi of the ascomycete genus Diaporthe have been identified worldwide. Typically, Diaporthe species are saprobes, endophytes, or plant pathogens. The distinction between the species of this genus has historically been based on the combination of the morphological information, cultural characteristics, and host affiliation. The correct identification of the Diaporthe species should be carried out based on a combination of molecular genetic traits. A comprehensive analysis of Diaporthe species in the Russian Federation using molecular phylogeny methods has never been accomplished.

The goal of this study was the identification of the isolate Diaporthe sp. MF 16-010, extracted from stems of Helianthus annuus L. that was collected in the Krasnodar region of the Russian Federation. According to the morphology data and DNA sequence analyses of the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region as well as of the translation elongation factor-1α (EF-1α) and ß-tubulin genes, the isolate MF 16-010 was identified as Diaporthe phaseolorum (Cooke & Ellis) Sacc. To the best of our knowledge, this isolate represents the first report of Diaporthe phaseolorum associated with sunflower in the Russian Federation. The development of the stem lesions as a result of the artificial inoculation of MF 16-010 to sunflower proved that this isolate is pathogenic for sunflower.
Adaptation of the quantitative PCR method for the detection of the main representatives of cereal grain mycobiota
Authors: Orina Aleksandra S. , Gavrilova Olga P. , Gagkaeva Tatiana Yu.
Published: December 2018

The content of fungal DNA and mycotoxins in cereal crops (31 varieties of wheat, oats, and barley) was quantitatively determined and used for the comparative characterization of grains. The quantitative PCR has been adapted for the analysis of the target DNA of Alternaria spp., Bipolaris sorokiniana (B. sorokiniana), Fusarium graminearum (F. graminearum), F. culmorum, and F. sporotrichioides fungi, which are often present in the mycobiota of small grain cereals. The content of the DNA of the aggressive pathogen B. sorokiniana was determined using quantitative PCR for the first time.

The DNA of Alternaria fungi was found abundantly in all grain samples, but its content in the oat was significantly higher compared to barley and wheat (5 and 9 times higher, respectively). In barley grain, the content of B. sorokiniana DNA was on average significantly higher than in the grains of oats and wheat. All of the analyzed grain samples contained the DNA of F. graminearum while F. culmorum DNA was found in 70% of the oat samples and in all of the samples of barley and wheat. Mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) produced by these fungi was detected in all the analyzed cereal grains in a range from 77 to 4,133 μg/kg. The DNA of F. sporotrichioides was detected in 70% of oats and 50% of barley samples but was not found in wheat. The T-2 toxin produced by this fungus was detected in 45% of all samples within a range from 2 to 89 μg/kg.

The statistically significant positive correlation with the Pearson correlation coefficient (r) equal to 0.49 (p<0.05) was observed between the content of F. graminearum DNA and the amount of DON in the grain samples. Another significant positive correlation (r=0.72, p<0.01) was found between the DNA contents of Alternaria fungi and F. sporotrichioides in the grain samples. This leads to the suggestion that conditions for the growth of these fungi in grain substrates are similar.
Profitability toward Return Stock Influencing to The life of company
Authors: Krisnawati Hani , Astutik Dwi , Yulianto Heru
Published: December 2018

The purpose of the research is to explain profitability toward return stock, influencing toward the life of company. The population and the sample are manufacturing companies in Semarang. The type of the research is descriptive with secondary data in the form of financial report from 2013 until 2017. The findings show profitability influences return stock and the life of company.
The Influence of End User Computing System (EUCS) on User Satisfaction: The Case of a Logistic and Courier Service Company
Authors: Munap Rudzi , Ahmad Siti Nor Bayaah , Hamid Sofhinaz Abdul , Talib Beg Mirza Fareed Beg MM
Published: December 2018

In any service and product delivery organizations, front-line employees play a key role in interacting with customers.   The organization seek information from the customers; make sense of the information and by using an information system provided they further take action to meet customer demands. The interactions between front-line employees and customers influence the overall perception of the service quality and ultimately, customer satisfaction within the services context. This is because services are characterized by inseparability and intangibility, and it is often the employees themselves who deliver the service and act as a communication channel. Since satisfied employees are likely to treat customers better and offer an improved service, therefore it is vital for an organization to understand the needs and expectations of their employees to increase their level of satisfaction. The present study was using one of the main logistic and courier services in Malaysia by evaluating the effectiveness and efficiency of its over-the-counter system. Using the original model Doll and Torkzadeh (1988), self-administered questionnaires were distributed to 234 employees located at selected branches in Klang Valley, Malaysia. Findings indicated that among the five dimensions of users’ satisfaction namely content, accuracy, format and timeliness; show positive significant relationship with the user’s satisfaction. Only ease-of-use indicated no significant relationship. It has proven that front-line employees play a significant role in the overall service rating, organizations should be more considerate and provide attention in managing their performance.   The findings of the study can provide valuable information to postal organizations that have adopted or are thinking about adopting a new retail system. These postal organizations will have better opportunity to gain insights in order to make the adoption successful as they get to know how end users perceive content, accuracy, format, ease of use and timeliness of the system.
Development of Entrepreneurship Values in Open and Distance Education
Authors: Sari Rhini Fatma , . Suripto
Published: December 2018

Entrepreneurship education in open and distance education is usually taught only through modules. Research on university students shows that this education model cannot provide a good understanding of entrepreneurial values. Students also stated that they did not have any direct experience in entrepreneurial activity. Based on the results of the study, the Economic Education Study Program of the Open University develops a model of education and development of Entrepreneurship Education Course which is called the New Generation of Teaching Materials. Entrepreneurship Education Course aims to have students to possess entrepreneurial values ​​that can be taught back to their students. The materials contained in the Entrepreneurship Education module should be designed so that university students have entrepreneurial values ​​and gain hands-on entrepreneurship concepts. This experience is gained through the activities of the Field Work Practice for two months. Research on the development of education materials for Entrepreneurship Education was conducted with Research and Development mathematics model of the combination between Gall and Borg 1983 and 2007. Research in the first year resulted in (1) Analysis of entrepreneurship education materials on open and distance education; (2) The design of teaching materials based on the input of entrepreneurial experts; and (3) Instructional Strategies of entrepreneurship teaching materials. The teaching materials of entrepreneurship education are delivered through printed materials in the module form. The material in this module is enriched with interactive video and web supplement.
Zusammengefasste neue deutsche Rechtschreibung und die wichtigsten Regeln mit einigen Beispielen The important rules as explained in The New Spelling Guide written in German and the examples of these rules Almancada Yeni İmla Kılavuzu’nun Kısa Örneklerle
Authors: Benzer Dr. ogretim uyesi Halis
Published: December 2018

Zusammenfassung: Konrad Duden 1850 sein Hauptwerk Vollständiges Orthographisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache, das ist die Grundlage für die Rechtschreibreform von 1901, welche dann verbindlich für Deutschland wurde. Diese Arbeitsweise für die Richtlinien des Ministeriums für Bildung und Weiterbildung des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen aus dem Jahr 1998. Grundsätze der neuen Rechtschreibung für die Sicherung einer einheitlichen Rechtschreibung Beamte und der Gesetzgeber.

Schlüsselworte: Laut-Buchstaben Zuordnung, Getrennt- und Zusammenschreibung, Bindestrich, Groß- und Kleinschreibung, Zeichensetzung, Worttrennung

Abstract: Konrad Duden published his main work Vollständiges Orthographisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache in 1880. It represented the base for the reform of the German orthography of 1901, which from then on was mandatory in Germany. This paper is based on the 1998 Guidelines of the Ministry of School and Further Education of the Land Northrhine-Westphalia. The principles of the new orthography serve to secure a unified orthography for all those who have to adhere to them, such as teachers, student, government officials and legislators.
Curriculum, Teaching and Interdisciplinarity
Authors: Morelli Silvia , Carlachiani Camila
Published: December 2018

This article makes visible the problems around teachers’ knowledge regarding teaching and content management. It shows an experience of a proposal of Interdisciplinary Core Content (ICC) created by us for the Ministry of Education of Santa Fe, Argentina. Aided by Shulman’s questions and his missing paradigm, we formulate our own questions about the relationship between content and teaching: why is teaching a content-free domain? If it is a problem of curriculum and didactics, what can we do with these dissociated fields of study which need to keep coexisting in the same environment? Addressing the curriculum-didactics in teaching includes the interdisciplinary debates to set up contents. In the curriculum-society relationship, ICC are developed taking the social issues proper of each context about Human Rights, Climate Change, Violence, Energy, Culture, the Space, Nutrition and Health as starting points. As a micro-level curriculum policy, the selection and sequencing of content transforms into a teaching problem. While at the meso-level dialogue, the relationship between curriculum and didactics is strengthened. The event question about what is going on? shows its genealogical nature. This teaching scenario is established based on the didactic triad, conditioned by the institutional context and configured by the special characteristics of each one of the members of the class.
Courtesy Negotiation in Momuhaboi (Meminang) Ceremony of Kadazandusun Society
Authors: Kiting Rosliah
Published: December 2018

Momuhaboi (meminang) ceremony in the Kadazandusun community requires the arrangement of civilized words to enable negotiation to be done in the complete way of gracious manner However, this tradition is increasingly forgotten because it is less used during merisik. If this situation persists then the legacy of the chosen words used exclusively for this ceremony will disappear. This is a major loss to the Kadazandusun generation as the bearer and conservator of the nation's heritage. Therefore, this study was carried out to collect the words  that are often used during negotiations in momuhaboi (meminang)  ceremony by Kadazandusun community. Data is obtained through fieldwork by interviewing and recording the old generation who have gone through the merisik rites in the past. The researcher also attended several merisik ceremonies at this time for the purpose of collecting data. The data were analyzed using cognitive semantic theory for the purpose of categorizing words with elements of euphemism. Then, the data is reported in descriptive form. The data analysis found that the Kadazandusun community used words of euphemism so that the communication process can be carried out in a civilized manner. This makes the negotiations to know the background of both parties, determining the resources and customs so that it is conducted in a harmonious atmosphere. The study found that the Kadazandusun community was rich in euphemisme in negotiations during merisik and engaged. The legacy should be preserved in order that the culture can be inherited by the next generation.
Influence of Bachelor of Education Teacher Trainees’ Information Searching Ability on Utilization of E-resources At University of Nairobi Kenya
Authors: Kanori John Njoroge , Amollo Odundo Paul , Inyega Hellen Nasimiyuh
Published: December 2018

Utilization of electronic resources is a reading culture that benefits bachelor of education teacher trainees (BEDTTs) by directly exposing the learners to up-to-date and vast subject content in motivating multimedia presentations. The BEDTTs benefits from utilizing e-resources by retrieving information faster than print resources. The BEDTTs use the time saved to do more academic work. The study examined the relationship between information searching ability and utilization of e-resources by BEDTTs. The objective of the study sought to establish the relationship between BEDTTs’ searching ability and utilization of e-resources. The study adopted descriptive research design. Data was collected using questionnaires, interview guides and document analysis guides. Stratified random sampling was used to draw a sample of 370 learners. Purposeful sampling method was used to obtain 30 staff who interact with BEDTTs either in class, library or administratively. Validity was ascertained using experts from the department of educational communication. The instrument demonstrated high internal consistency (>.90) using test-retest method. Validity was ascertained using Cronbachs’ alpha coefficient. Data was collected using questionnaires, interview guides and document analysis guide. Data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical techniques. The findings revealed a significant relationship between BEDTTs’ information searching ability and utilization of e-resources. The findings recommended implementation of embedded information skills lessons from first year to fourth year, joint IL curriculum mapping between lecturers, library staff and information skills librarians, intense marketing of the availability of e-resources to the University community and teaching BEDTTs a wide range of searching techniques. The study recommended a replication of a longitudinal study on influence of information literacy instruction on utilization of e-resources.
The Influence of Brand Image, Design, Feature, and Price on Purchasing Decision of Apple iOS Smartphone in Surakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Amron Amron
Published: December 2018

This study examined the influence of four independent variables; brand image, design, feature, and price on consumer behavior in deciding to buy Apple iOS smartphone. It was conducted by taking sample on Apple iOS smartphone owners in Surakarta, Indonesia. It also found that the four independent variables ie brand image, design, features, and price indicate their ability to influence consumer purchasing decision in a positive direction. Surprisingly, the researcher found out that price variable has the strongest influence on the consumer buying decision on Apple iOS smartphone. Otherwise, the researcher specifically found that feature variables have the weakest ability to influence purchasing decisions. Therefore, this study suggests to the management of the company to evaluate the price offered to be affordable by consumers. The way is the company's management can conduct periodic price evaluation as well as evaluating the target market.
Internationalizing Education: A Personal and Professional Journey
Authors: White, PhD Cameron
Published: December 2018

We all have a personal history of social studies, history, and geography, learning it in schools, applying it in society; regardless, a rethinking of how we approach this is necessary for the 21st century. What we do to ensure meaningful local to global civic education and engagement is vital today. Allowing for voice, critique, controversy, and debate are vital to enhancing sustained global civic engagement; thus a Global / International Education/ Internationalizing framing. This article discusses a personal journal and  analyzes the need to address local to global contexts in internationalizing, hopefully leading to critical consciousness and agency.
Investigation of Organic Solvents Effects on Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) Biomass Conversion in Subcritical Water
Authors: MERYEMOĞLU Bahar , HASANOGLU Arif , KURTULUS Mehtap , IRMAK Sibel
Published: December 2018

Kenaf biomass material was hydrolyzed in subcritical water condition in presence of various organic solvents. The solvents tested were tetrahydrofurane (THF), acetone, xylene and methanol. The organic compounds released into hydrolysates, total organic contents, water soluble total phenol and the molecular weight distributions of the polysaccharides in the hydrolysates, solid residues leftover after hydrolysis and gaseous products formed during the solubilization process were determined. The results showed that organic solvents significantly enhanced the dissolution of kenaf biomass (methanol < xylene ≤ acetone ~ tetrahydrofurane). The hydrolysis percentage was found to be between 75-82% depending on the type of the solvent. Hydrolysis yield and total organic carbons released into hydrolysates highly differed when the solubilization process was performed under carbondioxide pressure and this effect considerably varied based on the type of solvent used in hydrolysis process. The main gas product formed during hydrolysis process was carbon dioxide with ~80% composition. Morphological measurements of the solid biomass residues left after hydrolysis showed substantial degradations with increasing number of pores on the biomass surfaces.
Li+ doped chitosan-based solid polymer electrolyte incorporated with PEDOT:PSS for electrochromic device
Authors: EREN Esin
Published: December 2018

In this study, solid polymer electrolyte (SPE)
based on chitosan (Ch) was prepared with addition of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene
sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS), lithium trifluro methane sulfonate (LiTRIF),  propylene carbonate (PC) by solvent casting
technique. The chitosan-based polymer electrolyte was characterized using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The ionic
conductivity value was calculated as 4.2 x 10-4 S/cm. The SPE having
good ionic conductivity was used to fabricate electrochromic device with
glass/ITO/WO3׀PEDOT:PSS-Ch-LiTRIF-PC׀ITO/glass whose
performance was evaluated via cyclic voltammetry, transmittance, repeating
chronoamperometry. The optical contrast of ECD was attained as 22% at 800 nm,
which resulting in coloration efficiency of 67 cm2/C. The ECD displays fast
response time for coloration (tc ) is 0.29 s. Upon reversal of
potential bleaching (tb ) forms within 3 s. The findings
demonstrated that this SPE electrolyte has promising candidate for use in
optoelectronic applications.
Processos erosivos em rodovias: uma revisão sistemática sobre os métodos de previsão e monitoramento
Authors: Pires Renan Rodrigues , Carmo Junior Gersina Nobre da Rocha
Published: December 2018

Rodovias são grandes causadoras de impactos ambientais devido principalmente pela supressão vegetal e pela movimentação de terra necessárias para sua implantação. Se não forem previstos e evitados, os processos de erosão e movimentos de massa podem vir a causar o colapso da estrutura viária. Para antecipar a ocorrência dos processos erosivos ainda na etapa de projeto, há diversos modelos de predição de risco de erosões, que impedem o surgimento de ravinas e voçorocas em quantidade e volume que coloque em risco o pavimento. Este artigo tem por objetivo identificar os principais métodos de predição dos processos erosivos em uso no Brasil e as variáveis nele consideradas, por meio de revisão sistemática. O levantamento foi realizado dia trinta e um de outubro de 2017, em repositórios nacionais (Periódicos CAPES e bibliotecas digitais da UFMG, UFAM, USP, UnB) e internacionais (ScienceDirect e Scielo). Como houve poucos resultados nas buscas, não foi definida janela temporal. Descreveu-se e comparou-se os métodos de previsão de ocorrências erosivas utilizados pelos autores selecionados, bem como as variáveis utilizadas. Os resultados evidenciaram que há sempre um adequado índice de correlação entre o resultado previsto e as situações in loco, embora haja diversidade tanto nos métodos de previsão de susceptibilidade quanto nas variáveis envolvidas em cada metodologia.
Análise de Sobrevivência Aplicada ao Trancamento de Matrícula no Curso de Graduação em Estatística de uma Universidade Federal
Authors: Kirch Jhessica Letícia , Neisse Anderson Cristiano , Veloso Tereza Christina Mertens Aguiar
Published: December 2018

Este estudo apresenta uma análise sobre a evasão e o tempo de permanência dos alunos do curso de bacharelado em Estatística da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso - UFMT, que ingressaram no período de 2010 a 2015, por meio da Análise de Sobrevivência, com o objetivo de identificar o tempo até o primeiro trancamento de matrícula e sua dependência com o sexo, o estado civil, a naturalidade, a faixa etária e o tipo de ingresso do estudante (processo seletivo, transferência ou admissão de graduado). Na análise, conclui-se que o trancamento é realizado largamente nos primeiros 3 semestres de curso, sendo que o tempo mediano foi de 3 semestres. Com base no Teste de Logrank, não foram observadas diferenças significativas no tempo de trancamento entre o sexo do estudante, o seu estado civil e nem entre sua naturalidade. Porém observou-se que os estudantes que ingressaram no curso com menos de 25 anos apresentam uma probabilidade menor de realizar o trancamento em todos os semestres e que o fluxo escolar também apresenta dependência com o tipo de ingresso do estudante. De maneira geral, conclui-se que existe uma alta proporção de trancamentos no período em que os alunos ainda estão cursando as disciplinas introdutórias do curso e, portanto, destaca-se a importância de ações preventivas nos semestres iniciais para evitar a ocorrência excessiva de trancamento do curso.
Qualidade de Energia Elétrica de um Sistema Fotovoltaico de 45 kWp conectado à Rede
Authors: Dantas Ozlean de Lima , Apolonio Roberto
Published: December 2018

Os sistemas fotovoltaicos conectados à rede vêm cada vez mais ganhando espaço no Brasil. Isto é fruto de uma política energética regulatória iniciada em 2012, expansão mundial dessa tecnologia e o alto potencial de irradiação solar disponível no país. Este trabalho tem por objetivo comparar grandezas elétricas medidas no ponto comum de conexão (PCC) de uma unidade consumidora (UC) com perfil de carga comercial e sua microusina fotovoltaica (FV) de 45kWp conectada à rede elétrica em relação ao atendimento dos parâmetros da qualidade da energia elétrica (QEE) em regime permanente estabelecidos no Módulo 8 do Procedimento de Distribuição (PRODIST) da Agência Nacional de Energia Elétrica (ANEEL). Os parâmetros analisados no PCC da instalação foram: perfil de tensão, fator de potência, distorção harmônica total de tensão, fator de desequilíbrio e frequência. Também é apresentado o consumo e geração da unidade consumidora com a usina fotovoltaica para um dia útil e um dia do final de semana. Os resultados obtidos mostram que a UC com a usina FV conectada à rede elétrica em operação não impacta na QEE da rede de distribuição e os parâmetros analisados estão dentro dos limites estabelecidos pelo Módulo 8 do PRODIST da ANEEL, com exceção da tensão que requer ajustes no comutador de carga do transformador da distribuidora que alimenta a instalação.
Simulação de evacuação emergencial: estudo de caso na Escola Municipal de Educação Básica
Authors: Pires Renan Rodrigues , Cordeiro Carol Cardoso Moura
Published: December 2018

A implantação de uma unidade de educação infantil em frente a uma faixa de servidão de um gasoduto, no município de Cuiabá-MT, exige medidas diversas de controle para garantir a preservação da saúde e vida humana, da propriedade e do meio ambiente. Devido ao risco de vazamento inerente ao transporte do gás natural, o atendimento às normas de segurança deve ser realizado desde a elaboração dos projetos da edificação e controlados periodicamente a fim de assegurar que, em uma situação de emergência, os danos sejam eliminados ou mitigados. Com o objetivo de verificar a eficácia do processo de desocupação imediata nessa escola, a empresa privada responsável pelo gasoduto em questão, realizou em outubro de 2017, juntamente com o grupo P2R2 (Comissão Estadual de Prevenção, preparação e resposta rápida a emergências ambientais com produtos químicos perigosos), uma simulação de vazamento de gás com evacuação dos alunos, corpo docente e demais funcionários.  Nesse contexto, este artigo tem como finalidade realizar uma análise crítica, a partir do levantamento dos dados obtidos por intermédio dos projetos da edificação e do acompanhamento e observação in loco do procedimento realizado, quanto à eficácia dos procedimentos adotados no treinamento de evacuação da escola objeto de estudo. Com isso, visou-se subsidiar a elaboração de uma lista de recomendações necessárias a fim de aperfeiçoar a desocupação segura da edificação e melhorar a adequação da segurança da unidade, de acordo com o que prescreve as normas técnicas. Verificou-se que haviam não conformidades presentes desde a elaboração do projeto de incêndio e pânico que, somadas às não conformidades devido à falta de manutenção, dificultaram a evacuação eficiente dos usuários, principalmente dos alunos cadeirantes.
Editorial
Authors: Callejas Ivan Julio Apolonio
Published: December 2018

Editorial
Dados pessoais sensíveis e a tutela de direitos fundamentais: uma análise à luz da lei geral de proteção de dados (Lei 13.709/18)
Authors: Mulholland Caitlin Sampaio
Published: December 2018

O presente artigo pretende aproximar o conceito de dados pessoais sensíveis de uma teoria de direitos fundamentais, por meio de uma interpretação dos princípios e valores constitucionais que justificam a proteção do direito à privacidade. Pretende-se investigar a Lei Geral de Proteção de Dados - Lei 13.709/2018 - e as políticas por ela assumidas no que diz respeito ao trata­mento de dados pessoais sensíveis tanto pelo Estado, quanto pelo Mercado. Sustenta-se a necessidade de um tratamento restrito dos dados pessoais sensíveis como forma de proteção contra o seu uso discriminatório, visando a promoção plena do exercício democrático.
Pode o “juiz natural” ser uma máquina?
Authors: Forster João Paulo Kulczynski , Bitencourt Daniella , Previdelli José Eduardo A.
Published: December 2018

Do direito fundamental ao processo justo, irradiam-se diversos direitos fundamentais processuais, como o do juiz natural. A análise da figura do julgador a partir deste direito processual, assim como o próprio direito, suporta influência da Revolução 4.0, cuja característica marcante é entranhar-se em todos os poros da sociedade. As inovações tecnológicas que começam a se apresentar no panorama mundial possuem profundos impactos na atuação judicial de advogados e juízes. A pesquisa cinge-se ao impacto desta revolução no campo do direito, mais especificadamente no direito processual, em relação à figura do julgador. O artigo foi elaborado segundo o método indutivo buscando os limites impostos pelo direito fundamental ao juiz natural à utilização de robôs na atividade jurisdicional. O estudo possibilita aferir que, apesar da tecnologia apresentar ferramentas de auxílio à atividade jurisdicional, o direito ao juiz natural impõe limitações à adoção da figura do juiz-robô.
Primer reporte de marchitamiento por Fusarium en Citrus sinensis var. Valencia en el Valle del Yaqui, México
Authors: Parra-Cota Fannie Isela , García-Pereyra Jesús , Aviña-Martínez Gabriel Nicolás , De los Santos-Villalobos Sergio
Published: December 2018

Muerte de naranjos (Citrus sinensis L. Osberck) var. “Valencia” fue observada en el Valle del Yaqui, México, en agosto de 2017. Para identificar el agente causal, se recolectaron hojas, ramas y raíces de árboles sintomáticos. Siete aislados fúngicos fueron obtenidos de raíces presentando oscurecimiento del sistema vascular, llamados FS1 a FS7. Las características macro y microscópicas típicas  del género Fusarium fueron observadas en todos los aislados mono-espóricos obtenidos, tales como: abundante micelio algodonoso de color blanco y un anverso de color púrpura o amarillo en PDA, macroconidias curvas más ancha en la parte central de su longitud, y ovaladas, reniformes, alargadas, de ovaladas a obovoides con una base truncada, y microconidias septadas. La secuenciación de la región de Espaciadores Internos Transcritos (ITS) mostró una alta cobertura y similitud (> 99%) con secuencias del Complejo de Especies de Fusarium solani (CEFS). La inoculación de naranjos de 1 año de edad con cada uno de los aislados de Fusarium obtenidos provocó el oscurecimiento del sistema vascular de la raíz y la muerte de estos árboles, lo que confirma que estos aislado fueron los agentes causales del marchitamiento por Fusarium observados en árboles de naranja en campos comerciales del Valle del Yaqui. Este es el primer reporte de marchitamiento por Fusarium en cítricos en dicha región.
Matematik Öğretmenlerinin Üstün Zekâlılar Hakkındaki Görüşlerinin İncelenmesi: Bir Metafor Çalışması
Authors: KIRMIZI Mehmet , TARIM Kamuran
Published: December 2018

Metaforlar ile bir
zihinsel şema başka bir zihinsel şema altında açıklanmasına olanak sağlayan
güçlü zihinsel yapılardır. Metaforlar yardımı ile bir kişinin herhangi bir konu
hakkındaki görüş ve düşünceleri anlaşılabilir. Bu çalışmada, matematik
öğretmenlerinin meslek hayatları boyunca (n= 115), üstün zekâlılar hakkında
edindikleri tecrübeler, üstün zekalılar denilince zihinlerinde beliren imgeler
ve üstün zekâlılar hakkındaki görüşleri metaforlar yardımı ile incelenmiştir.
Oluşturulan bu metaforlar 10 tema altında toplanmıştır ve bu temalar: Hassas
Bir Eğitim”, “Farklı”, “Parlak Öğrenci” , “Yüksek Zihinsel Kapasite”,  “Değerli”, “Anlaşılmayan Birey”, “Faydalı”,
“Gelişen”, “Zararlı Olabilir” ve “Enderlik” şeklindedir. Araştırmanın sonucunda
çalışmaya katılan öğretmenlerin üstün zekâlıların onların eğitsel
ihtiyaçlarının farkında olduğu söylenebilir. Buna karşın çalışma grubu
içerisindeki küçük bir grubun üstün zekâlıları, üstün zekâlı olmayan fakat
başarılı olan “parlak” öğrencilerle karşılaştırdıkları söylenebilir.
CHARACTERISTICS OF PATIENTS WITH FOCAL EPILEPSY AND THE PHENOMENON OF SECONDARY BILATERAL SYNCHRONIZATION OF EEG (CLINICAL TRIAL RESULTS)
Authors: Yamin M. A , Chernikova I. V , Belyaev O. V. , Samygin D. V.
Published: December 2018

From the inventing of the secondary bilateral synchrony (SBS) by KenanTukel and Herbert Jasper in 1952, it becomes clear, that the part of the seizures, which were classified and described as generalized (tonic, atonic, myoclonic, absence, etc.) in their mechanism of appearance are focal, are evolving from the frontal and temporal lobes with this phenomena. The actual ILAE classification (2017) has proved their conclusions. It was shown, that part of the seizures, which classically were described as generalized ones, could have a focal onset. In our study we were trying to mark most important clinical-encephalography features of the patients with focal epilepsy and SBS phenomena on EEG.