bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Species composition determines bioplastics production in photosynthetic microbiomes: strategy to enrich cyanobacteria PHB-producers
Authors: Altamira-Algarra Beatriz , Lage Artai , García Joan , Gonzalez-Flo Eva
Published: June 2023

Background
Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) is a biopolymer synthetized by numerous bacterial species as intracellular carbon storage, which emerged as an alternative to fossil-based plastics. In this study, we elucidate the implications of harnessing photosynthetic microbiomes for the production of polyhidroxybutyrate (PHB). While previous studies have predominantly focused on photosynthetic cultures, such as cyanobacteria, maintained in axenic cultures, our work delves into uncharted territory by examining photosynthetic microbiomes. The distinctiveness of our approach lies in the utilization of complex microbial communities rather than single-strain systems under non-sterile conditions and maintained for a long-term period (197 days). The aim of this study was to set the operating mode in regards to nutrients, temperature and light to use as a strategy to enrich a microbiome rich in cyanobacteria in PHB-producers in order to enhance this biopolymer production. Alternate growth and accumulation phases were conducted for 197 days in a 3 L photobioreactor.
Results
The cyanobacteria rich microbiome achieved a PHB content of up to 22 % dry cell weight (dcw) PHB, indicating successful development of biopolymer-producing biomass. To optimize growth, N concentration was set at 25 mg·L-1 and darkness was ensured during PHB accumulation phase. Since we observed that presence of green microalgae potentially reduced PHB production, a low P concentration as well as high temperature were also implemented. Our findings underscore the significance of microbiome robustness in maintaining stable and efficient PHB production.
Conclusions
Results demonstrated the potential application of this methodology to enhance PHB production in a robust microbiome rich in cyanobacteria. This study breaks new ground by exploring the realm of photosynthetic microbiomes, shifting the focus from axenic cultures to more ecologically relevant systems.
SeptoSympto: A high-throughput image analysisof Septoria tritici blotch disease symptoms using deep learning methods
Authors: Mathieu Laura , Reder Maxime , Siah Ali , Ducasse Aurélie , Langlands-Perry Camilla , Marcel Thierry C. , Morel Jean-Benoît , Saintenac Cyrille , Ballini Elsa
Published: June 2023

Background
Quantitative, accurate, and high-throughput phenotyping of crop diseases is needed for breeding programs and plant-pathogen interaction investigations. However, difficulties in the transferability of available numerical tools encourage maintaining visual assessment of disease symptoms, although this is laborious, time-consuming, requires expertise, and rater dependent. Deep learning has produced interesting results for plant disease evaluation, but has not yet been used to quantify the severity of Septoria tritici blotch (STB) caused by Zymoseptoria tritici, a frequently occurring and damaging disease on wheat crops.
Results
We developed a Python-coded image analysis script, called SeptoSympto, in which deep learning models based on the U-net and YOLO architectures were used to quantify necrosis and pycnidia, respectively. Small datasets of different sizes (containing 50, 100, 200, and 300 leaves) were trained to create deep learning models and to facilitate the transferability of the tool, and five different datasets were tested to develop a robust tool for the accurate analysis of STB symptoms. The results revealed that (i) the amount of annotated data does not influence the good performance of the models, (ii) the outputs of SeptoSympto are highly correlated with those of the experts, with a similar magnitude to the correlations between experts, and that (iii) the accuracy of SeptoSympto allows precise and rapid quantification of necrosis and pycnidia on both durum and bread wheat leaves inoculated with different strains of the pathogen, scanned with different scanners and grown under different conditions.
Conclusions
Although running SeptoSympto takes longer than visual assessment to evaluate STB symptoms, it allows the data to be stored and evaluated by everyone in a more accurate and unbiased manner. Furthermore, the methods used in SeptoSympto were chosen to be not only powerful but also the most frugal, easy to use and adaptable. This study therefore demonstrates the potential of deep learning to assess complex plant disease symptoms such as STB.
Analytical Study on Seismic Strengthening of Reinforced Concrete Frame Equipped with Steel Damping System with Shear Mechanism Fuse
Authors: Foyouzati Amin , Kazemi Mohammad Taghi
Published: June 2023

Passive energy damper systems have been considered as efficient and practical method to improve seismic behaviour of structures under lateral loads including seismic. In this study, a new passive steel damping system with shear mechanism fuse was introduced and design procedures, recommended equations, parametric and analytical studies on this novel system were provided for strengthening and retrofitting purposes of reinforced concrete moment frames. Finite element modelling of the flexural behaviour, shear and axial failures of the concrete and steel members were conducted by fiber model techniques. Nonlinear analysis was conducted to evaluate the seismic performance, hysteresis response and stability, controlled damage and guided yielding, stiffness and ultimate strength, ductility and energy dissipation of this system were evaluated and compared with the moment frame. Analytical results explained that proposed damping system improved seismic performance of reinforced concrete moment frame, while increased stiffness, strength, energy dissipation by increasing damping in non-linear phase and ductility of structure at the same time. This proposed damping system can be easily replaced after severe earthquakes when it was damaged. This study seeks to promote using this damping system because of its ease of construction, availability, affordability, and economical aspect as well as its seismic performance.
Mega-cities dominate China’s urban greening
Authors: Zhang Xiaoxin , Brandt Martin , Tong Xiaoye , Tong Xiaowei , Zhang Wenmin , Reiner Florian , Li Sizhuo , Tian Feng , Yue Yuemin , zhou weiqi , Chen Bin , Xiao Xiangming , Fensholt Rasmus
Published: June 2023

Trees play a crucial role in urban environments, offering various ecosystem services that contribute to public health and human well-being. China has initiated a range of urban greening policies over the past decades, however, monitoring their impact on urban tree dynamics at a national scale has proven challenging. In this study, we deployed nano-satellites to quantify urban tree coverage in all major Chinese cities larger than 50 km2 in 2010 and 2019. Our findings indicate that approximately 6000 km2 (11%) of urban areas were covered by trees in 2019, and 76% of these cities experienced an increase in tree cover compared to 2010. Notably, the increase in tree cover in mega-cities such as Beijing, and Shanghai was approximately twice as large as in most other cities (7.69% vs 3.94%). The study employs a data-driven approach towards assessing urban tree cover changes in relation to greening policies, showing clear signs of tree cover increases but also suggesting an uneven implementation primarily benefiting a few mega-cities.
Communication systems in business: the use of artificial intelligence
Authors: Kaplan J.
Published: June 2023

Modern digital technologies and, in particular, artificial intelligence technologies are changing our understanding of the ways and means of entrepreneurial activity. The penetration of artificial intelligence into business processes is becoming inevitable. In the short term, the degree of participation in entrepreneurship of a person and programs that determine consumer behavior using digital algorithms will shift towards the latter. To achieve business results, an entrepreneur needs to understand both the essence of communication systems and the “way of thinking” of artificial intelligence, as well as the general context of interaction with consumers. This article analyzes the process of communication in the system of entrepreneurial activity, as well as the use of artificial intelligence in it. The author systematizes his own experience in the field of advising entrepreneurs, identifies the basic characteristics of business communication systems and the possibility of using artificial intelligence technologies in them, and determines the role of context in managing business processes.
Identifying and Countering Fake News in Mass Media
Authors: May E. S.
Published: June 2023

The relevance of the study comes from the growing polarization of public opinion caused by numerous conflicting reports in both Russian and foreign media on various topics, ranging from the conflict in Ukraine to morbidity statistics and promotion of vaccination during the pandemic. Fake news are the subject of investigations in media channels and among popular bloggers. The study is aimed to identify the methods for detecting fakes in the media. Hence, the author provides a review of the Russian and foreign journals and Internet content on the topic and conceptualizes the definition of “fake news”. Based on the study of practical cases of spreading fakes – in history and in modern media – the author provides the matrix of the main channels and motives for the dissemination of fakes and identifies the tools for verifying the authenticity of media content.
Dynamic media technologies in the inclusive socio-cultural environment
Authors: Kvernadze E. T.
Published: June 2023

There are constant social changes in the social structure and socio-cultural models in society. Social changes in communities are carried out with the help of new forms or elements from which positive socio-cultural transformations are expected. The dissemination of information by mass media in a socio-cultural environment affects both social changes in society and the formation of the principles of media justice and inclusiveness in it. Information can be perceived by people in different ways, depending on their interests and the ability of society to use information that is dynamically entering the media space. The very concepts of “inclusion in the media space” and “media justice” are hardly always felt and perceived by people in the process of interacting with the media. In turn, digital social media platforms contribute to the creation of various communities. The logic of the study conducted by the author leads to the conclusion that the development of communities of various interests, the media should focus on mentoring, sponsorship, inclusiveness and advocacy.
Mass culture and media as universals of modern society
Authors: Osmolovskaya S. M.
Published: June 2023

The article examines the concept of mass culture as a cultural universal in its modern manifestations and phenomena. The author consistently develops the thesis about the mediatization of mass culture in the information space. The purpose of this work is to identify the characteristic features of mass culture, as well as current trends in this environment. Mass culture is attributed to the division into ranks from “low” to “high”, but today there is a tendency to erase these facets. The complexity and inconsistency of this phenomenon, the vague definitions of the concept, the mechanisms of its correlation with other forms of culture encourage researchers to look for new approaches and refine the old ones in an effort to develop a common definition. The serial production of mass culture is analyzed, which acts as an important element of the education system, socialization and upbringing. Attention is focused on the positive aspects of the development of mass culture. The necessity of further study of the concepts of mass culture and media in their interrelation and interdependence is indicated.
El discurso del amor romántico en ficciones de moda: el caso de los Fashion Drama
Authors: Pérez-Escartin Alejandra Beatriz
Published: June 2023

Este texto estudia el discurso sobre el amor romántico construido por la revista Vogue España en uno de los films cortos Fashion Drama. Se realiza un análisis textual de uno de los vídeos a partir de la intertextualidad con las comedias románticas de Hollywood y, el pastiche de las convenciones genéricas. Se concluye que en estas ficciones, por medio del humor, se reproduce un discurso en el que se, si bien se critican los valores hegemónicos sobre el amor romántico de las relaciones heterosexuales, al mismo tiempo se refuerzan los roles de género tradicionalmente atribuidos a la mujer.
Otizmli Bireylerin Materyallerinin Grafik Tasarım Açısından İncelenmesi
Authors: Yılmaz Yasin , Kahraman Mehmet Emin
Published: June 2023

Grafik tasarım renk, doku, tipografi, kompozisyon gibi unsurların belirli ölçütler ve ölçekler doğrultusunda kullanılması sonucu mesajları ulaştıran ve konuşmadan sonraki iletişimin en önemli parçası haline gelen bir sanat disiplinidir. Görsel iletişim yöntemleri insanlık tarihi kadar eski olduğu gibi, günümüzde de yaşamımızın ayrılmaz bir parçasıdır. Görsel unsurların kullanımı, reklam ve eğitim gibi sektörlerde önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Geçmişten günümüze toplumların birbiriyle iletişiminde sağladığı kolaylıkların yanı sıra gelişimine katkıda bulunan toplumsal yaşamın önemli bir parçası olan dezavantajlı grupların eğitimlerinde olduğu gibi otizmli bireylerin eğitiminde görsel iletişimin önemi yadsınamaz bir gerçektir. Grafik sanatı, otizmli bireylerin eğitiminde kullanılan materyallerin geliştirilmesinde büyük bir potansiyele sahiptir. Bu nedenle, otizmli bireylerin eğitimi için görsel materyallerin nasıl tasarlanabileceği ve mevcut materyallerin etkisi konusunda tasarımcılar ve özel eğitimcilerin görüşlerine başvurulmuştur. Grafik tasarımın eğitim materyali geliştirmede faydalı olabileceği düşünülmektedir. Bu çalışma, otizmli bireylerin eğitiminde görsel materyallerin kullanımının önemini vurgulamakta ve otizmlilerin tedavisinde kullanılan yöntemler açısından bu materyallerin geliştirilmesi için grafik tasarımın önemini ortaya koymaktadır.
Johannes Palaschko’nun Op. 49 10 Etüdüne Yönelik Çalışma Önerileri
Authors: Baykal Çağlar
Published: June 2023

Öz
Bu araştırmanın amacı, Johannes Palaschko’nun “Op. 49 Gelişmiş Viyolacılar İçin 10 Etüt” adlı eserinin teknik incelemesini yaparak esere yönelik çalışma önerilerinde bulunmaktır. Bu araştırmada, nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden doküman analizi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmadaki veriler, literatür taramasından ve Johannes Palaschko’nun “Op. 49 Gelişmiş Viyolacılar İçin 10 Etüt” eserinden elde edilmiştir. Verilerin analizinde doküman analizi doğrultusunda etüdün teknik incelemesi yapılmıştır. Çalışmanın güvenilirliğini artırmak için doğrudan kaynak (Carl Friedrich Schmidt, 1910, Heilbronn) üzerinden teknik inceleme yapılmıştır. Çalışma önerilerinin güvenilirliğini, doğruluğunu ve temsil edilebilirliğini artırmak için literatür karşılaştırması yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın sonucunda çalışma önerileri içerisinde pek çok farklı taktik sunulmuştur. Çalışma önerilerinin etkililiğine yönelik bilimsel çalışmalar yapılması önerilmiştir.
Aspectos especiales de la responsabilidad patrimonial del estado por violaciones a derechos humanos en Chile
Authors: Castillo Jofré Rodrigo
Published: June 2023

El régimen de responsabilidad patrimonial del Estado encuentra en las últimas décadas un importante desarrollo en materia de violaciones a Derechos Humanos, en aplicación de los estándares internacionales sobre el derecho a la reparación de las víctimas. En el caso de Chile, su incorporación ha sido incompleta y poco sistemática, con avances de la jurisprudencia y medidas administrativas de justicia transicional. Se revisan cuatro campos en los cuales la normativa internacional del derecho a la reparación desafía el régimen de responsabilidad del Estado en Chile: La imprescriptibilidad de la acción, la prueba en torno a la calidad de víctima titular del derecho, la aplicación de la cosa juzgada a causas en la materia, y la extensión del daño reparable. Se concluye que existe una recepción asentada en la jurisprudencia de los primeros dos elementos, mientras que, en el caso de los últimos, su incorporación es incipiente en la jurisprudencia.
Caracterización clínica y epidemiológica del dengue 2015-2020 Hospital Regional de la Orinoquía ESE
Authors: García Agudelo Lorena , Oliveros William Andrés , Sotaban Piraban Luz Nelba , Velasco Castro Julio César
Published: June 2023

Introducción: el dengue es una infección viral, transmitida principalmente por Aedes aegypti, se considera un evento de interés en salud pública y es una de las arbovirosis más importante a nivel mundial en términos de morbimortalidad e impacto económico. Materiales y métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo y retrospectivo. Se incluyó a toda la población con diagnóstico confirmado de dengue atendidos en el Hospital Regional de la Orinoquía ESE entre 2015 y 2020. La base de datos se registró en Excel® versión 2013 y se analizó en el paquete estadístico SPSS versión 22. Resultados: pacientes con diagnóstico confirmado 3395, el 51 % (1735) corresponden a dengue sin signos de alarma, 47 % (1599) a dengue con signos de alarma y el 2 % (61) dengue grave, la edad promedio 20 años, entre nueve (9) meses a 94 años, la letalidad correspondió al 0,2 %. Conclusiones: el dengue afecta a toda la población, continúa siendo una enfermedad emergente y de interés en salud publica en todos los países del mundo. En Colombia es una causa importante de morbimortalidad en todos los grupos etarios, se debe continuar estudiando su comportamiento y seguir reforzando las políticas públicas de prevención.
Desenlaces materno-perinatales en pacientes tratadas con terapia antimicrobiana por sospecha de infección inflamación intraamniótica subclínica
Authors: Cardozo Buitrago Natalia , López Torres Luisa Fernanda , Arias Muñoz Andrea , Campo Campo María Nazareth , Gutiérrez Marín Jorge Hernán , Sanín Blair José Enrique , Cuesta Castro Diana Paola
Published: June 2023

Introducción: el parto pretérmino es una importante causa de morbimortalidad perinatal; entre las principales etiologías está la infección inflamación intraamniótica que se asocia a resultados perinatales adversos. El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar la asociación de la antibioticoterapia con los desenlaces maternos, fetales y perinatales en gestantes con sospecha de infección intraamniótica en un centro de alta complejidad obstétrica. Métodos: estudio analítico de cohortes ambispectivo en gestantes con embarazo simple con edad gestacional ≥ 24 semanas atendidas en la Clínica Universitaria Bolivariana (CUB) con sospecha diagnóstica de infección/inflamación intramniótica subclínica desde enero del 2011 a diciembre del 2021. Se evaluó la asociación entre el uso de antimicrobianos y los desenlaces clínicos materno y perinatales. Resultados: entre los hallazgos clínicos, ecográficos y paraclínicos se destacó el dolor abdominal, sangrado y la presencia de sludge en la cervicometría. La prevalencia del uso de antimicrobianos entre quienes tenían sludge fue 1,88 veces comparado con quienes no tenían este hallazgo ecográfico, (IC95% 1,23- 2,88), p 0,0009; mientras que la de la dinámica uterina fue 1,43 veces (IC95% 1,06- 1,94), p 0,050. La diferencia de medianas de los leucocitos en líquido amniótico reportó un exceso del número de leucocitos por campo entre las que recibieron antimicrobianos, diferencia de 9 (IC95% 5- 25), p <0,0001. El parto pretérmino fue más frecuente en las pacientes que tenían indicación clínica de uso de antimicrobianos (RR 1,58 IC95% 0,96- 2,61), tras de ajustar el análisis por tiempo de latencia entre la sospecha de infección y el parto se observó que el uso de antimicrobianos reduce en un 46% el riesgo de parto pretérmino, RR 0,54 (IC95% 0,35- 0,83). En las pacientes con cultivo positivo de líquido amniótico la mediana de latencia hasta el parto fue de 4 semanas (RIQ 0- 9) y de 11 (RIQ 8- 15) en las que no se obtuvo aislamiento, con una diferencia de medianas de 6 semanas (IC95% 1- 10). Conclusiones: en las pacientes con sospecha de infección inflamación intraamniótica la terapia antibiótica se relacionó con un menor riesgo de parto pretérmino, y el cultivo positivo en líquido amniótico con una menor latencia de la gestación.
Reporte de caso de técnica quirúrgica exitosa en síndrome de Morel-Lavallée
Authors: Duque Ramirez Amanda , Robles Luna Larry Javier , Paipilla Sandoval Marco , Gutiérrez Sarmiento Juliana
Published: June 2023

Introducción: el síndrome de Morel-Lavallée (SML) es una lesión por desgarro en la fascia profunda y el tejido celular subcutáneo causada por cizallamiento. La incidencia del SML ha sido estimada en alrededor de 0.7% en pacientes víctimas de accidente de tránsito. El diagnóstico se realiza mediante la exploración clínica, ecografía y resonancia magnética. El síndrome se ha clasificado en seis tipos imagenológicos de acuerdo a la cronicidad, composición del tejido y aspecto en la resonancia magnética. Estas lesiones tienen una tasa de infección de 46%, que pueden poner en riesgo la vida del paciente, por lo cual requieren manejo oportuno. Métodos: paciente masculino de 20 años quien sufre accidente de tránsito en calidad de ciclista, en donde fue arrastrado por un vehículo de carga generando quemaduras por fricción de primer, segundo y tercer grado en hemicuerpo izquierdo asociado a formación de hematomas en las extremidades inferiores que condicionaron la aparición del SML, a través de la aplicación de escleroterapia, bursectomía y la técnica novedosa de las incisiones en “emparrillado” se logró la resolución de los seromas crónicos. Resultados: después de un juicioso estudio de la historia clínica, las imágenes diagnósticas y el examen físico se logra documentar que se estaba frente al caso de un síndrome de Morel Lavallée el cual es muy raro en la población por lo que hace difícil su diagnóstico, sin embargo, después de un largo tiempo, múltiples intervenciones por el equipo quirúrgico y la instauración de técnicas hibridas en el manejo de esta patología se logró un muy buen resultado tanto funcional como estético. Conclusiones: en este caso se presenta una técnica novedosa en el tratamiento del SML en un centro de salud privado, con aparición inusual en las heridas postraumáticas, que a pesar del manejo temprano pueden progresar a su etapa tardía y generar complicaciones serias. Es importante realizar un diagnóstico temprano y un manejo adecuado para evitar complicaciones graves en pacientes con SML.
Mutaciones en los genes PDGFRA, KIT y KDR en pacientes con glioblastoma se relacionan con un peor desenlace
Authors: Ortiz Gomez Leon Dario , Velez Gomez Sara , Martinez Garro Juliana Maria , Peláez Sánchez Ronald Guillermo
Published: June 2023

Introducción: existen varios Receptores Tirosina Quinasa que están involucrados en el desarrollo, crecimiento y progresión de las células tumorales, por ejemplo, en los glioblastomas se ha encontrado que por un posible desequilibrio de ligamiento los genes PDGFRA, KIT y KDR, ubicados en el brazo largo del cromosoma 4 (4q11-q12), podrían estar relacionados con la progresión de esta neoplasia. Objetivo: reportar dos casos clínicos de pacientes con diagnóstico de glioblastoma y mutaciones en los genes PDGFRA, KIT, KDR, y su relación con un peor desenlace. Casos clínicos: en este artículo se presenta el caso de dos pacientes con glioblastomas que presentan mutaciones en los genes anteriormente mencionados resultado de la secuenciación de un panel genético que evalúa 324 genes y 37 fusiones génicas y la progresión clínica acelerada durante el transcurso de la enfermedad. Conclusión: los cambios producidos en los glioblastomas por las mutaciones en los receptores tirosina quinasa a nivel biológico podrían describir una mayor capacidad proliferativa del tumor, lo que en el ámbito clínico se ha evidenciado como un peor pronóstico para el paciente, de ahí nace la necesidad de tener paneles genéticos que ayuden a identificar el perfil tumoral, e incentivar más estudios clínicos relacionados a fármacos que tengan como objetivo dichos receptores.
Parálisis abdominal unilateral posterior a herpes zóster. Reporte de caso
Authors: Moreno-Ortega Anyi Paola , Muñoz-Molina Andrés Felipe , Moreno-Ortega Diana Catherine , López-Valencia David , Verhelst-Solano José Luis
Published: June 2023

Introducción: el virus de la varicela zoster (VVZ) es un alfa herpesvirus, que causa la varicela y el herpes zóster (HZ). El HZ se manifiesta por la reactivación del VVZ, que persiste de forma latente en los ganglios de las raíces sensoriales dorsales o craneales después de la infección primaria. El HZ causa un rash extremadamente doloroso y con lesiones vesiculares y pruriginosas autolimitadas. Presentación del caso: paciente masculino de 71 años de edad con cuadro clínico de 20 días de evolución consistente en dolor intenso de tipo urente, localizado en los dermatomas T11-T12 del lado derecho, intensidad 8/10 en escala subjetiva del dolor y asociado con lesiones vesiculares, eritematosas y muy pruriginosas. Además, el paciente presentaba distensión del flanco abdominal derecho. La electromiografía informó una lesión parcial del 50% de los nervios intercostales derechos, con fenómeno de denervación parcial. Conclusiones: la parálisis abdominal postherpética es una complicación rara del HZ y requiere su reconocimiento para emitir un diagnóstico correcto y evitar intervenciones innecesarias.
Liberalization and Capital Accumulation in the GTAP Model
Authors: Francois Joseph , McDonald Brad
Published: June 2023

This paper explores trade policy and investment linkages in the GTAP model. This is done under alternative steady-state closure rules linking trade to consumption, production, and investment, and emphasizing the general equilibrium nature of capital accumulation mechanisms. When policy shocks are capital friendly, induced investment may be greater than suggested by current savings rates. As a result, multiplier-type analysis can be very misleading. The importance and direction of this magnification hinges critically on the sensitivity of savings rates with respect to real returns. As illustration, we offer a numerical assessment of the Uruguay Round, highlighting such linkages.
Reconciling Bilateral Trade Data for Use in GTAP
Authors: Gehlhar Mark
Published: June 2023

Bilateral trade flows are reported by both importers and exporters. Large discrepancies in reported import/export trade flows can be found when these two reports are compared. The GTAP database requires consistency between the export flow and its corresponding import flow for all partner pairs. Therefore, bilateral trade data in its reported form cannot be directly used for GTAP. Various methods can be used to produce a consistent set of bilateral trade flows. However, achieving consistency alone does not necessarily provide credible trade flows. Matrix balancing using trade totals published by international agencies is not appropriate since these totals are not reconciled but are simply totals from country-reported flows. A method is developed with the aim of extracting the most reliable reported trade flows from reported import and export flows. Specific examples are used to illustrate how discrepancies can result from reporting errors and transport margins. Evidence is shown indicating that discrepancies often arise from erroneous reporting by one of the partners. Systematic reporting errors associated with a reporter can be measured by the share of consistent transactions with partners. The most reliable reported flows are selected based on credibility of reporters. The source of international bilateral trade for GTAP is United Nations COMTRADE database. It contains the complete set of countries in the world and the set of commodities covering total merchandise trade. Since errors in reporting are country-commodity specific, data is processed at the individual country and SITC 4-digit level before aggregating to the 30-region 31- merchandise trade commodity database in version 3 of the GTAP data base.
Adjusting Tax Rates in the GTAP Data Base
Authors: Malcolm Gerard
Published: June 2023

This paper describes a procedure designed for incorporating improved information on taxes into existing GTAP data aggregations. The aim of this procedure is to maintain the internal consistency of the data base while minimizing the impacts of the tax change on the value flows in the data base. It utilizes a variant of the GTAP model, for which the model structure and parameter settings have been designed to achieve this aim. The features include Cobb-Douglas production and consumption functions, inter-intermediate input substitution (also Cobb-Douglas), universal factor mobility and fixed trade balances. Instructions and computer files for implementation of the procedure are provided in the attached files.
Scale Economies and Imperfect Competition in the GTAP Model
Authors: Francois Joseph
Published: June 2023

The universe of existing CGE models can be divided into 3 broad categories. The first class of models (of which the standard GTAP model is a classic example) emphasizes the static effects of policy related to general equilibrium resource reallocation. The second involves scale economics and imperfect competition and the third involves dynamic accumulation effects. Development of the second class of models has followed a long period during which many of the basic tenants of modern industrial organization theory were integrated into the core of mainstream trade theory. The resulting class of applied models emphasizes procompetitive effects. This paper presents techniques for the incorporation of several stylized representations of scale economies and imperfect competition into the GTAP modeling framework. A numerical example is also provided. Technical Paper Number 14 can be downloaded in PDF format. To print this you will need the Adobe Acrobat Reader. For those interested in replicating the results in this technical paper, an associated zip file [249K] can be downloaded. The zip file includes readme files with detailed instructions.
Deriving a Global Social Accounting Matrix from GTAP Versions 5 and 6 Data
Authors: McDonald Scott , Thierfelder Karen
Published: June 2023

This paper reports a method for converting versions 5 and 6 of the GTAP Data Base into a global SAM that is stored in both the GAMS data exchange (GDX) and Header Array (HAR) formats. The focus of attention is on the generation of a SAM representation of the GTAP Data Base that is fully consistent with the GTAP model; as such the resultant SAM can be readily used to calibrate a version of the GTAP model that had been coded in GAMS. The GAMS code used to generate the SAM representation of the GTAP Data Base is provided as a GAMS model library – this code has been tested with versions 5.3, 5.4 and 6.0 (pre release 5) of the GTAP Data Base. Keywords: Social Accounting Matrix, Trade Analysis, Computable General Equilibrium.
Islas Chafarinas, frontera insular y nuevos retos de promoción turística
Authors: Calderón Vázquez Francisco José , Ruiz Romero de la Cruz Elena María , Cruz Ruiz Elena , Zamarreño Aramendia Gorka
Published: June 2023

Las islas Chafarinas es uno de los enclaves españoles situado en el norte de África, constituye la única frontera de la Unión Europea en la zona. Es un espacio que goza de un medio natural de gran valor ecológico. La investigación realiza un recorrido histórico y analiza los elementos que conforman su problemática hasta la segunda década del siglo XXI. Se abarcan aspectos geográficos, ambientales e históricos que explican su trayectoria y el actual statu quo. Su ubicación en la zona de la Mauritania-Tingitania, unida a su condición de frontera insular, deja al descubierto un espacio no exento de dificultades en las relaciones políticas y económicas, que deben analizarse para encontrar vías que mejoren la relación y la cooperación entre España (la UE) y Marruecos y minoren los conflictos fronterizos existentes. Sus opciones de futuro pasan por la cooperación con países vecinos y la explotación de sus recursos turísticos en el marco de la sostenibilidad.
La participación ciudadana en la formulación del plan de ordenamiento territorial departamental de Santander (Colombia) desde la perspectiva del Buen Vivir
Authors: Jaimes Ochoa Carlos Fernando , Mosquera Téllez Jemay
Published: June 2023

Los procesos de desarrollo departamental cerrados y excluyentes pueden generar impactos negativos en las comunidades multiculturales que habitan en la jurisdicción de Santander (Colombia) y afectar su estructura y operatividad local y regional; por lo tanto, los objetivos del trabajo se enfocan en realizar un análisis crítico de la participación ciudadana en las dinámicas de ordenamiento territorial desde la perspectiva del Buen Vivir, que permita identificar los aciertos y desaciertos de dichos procedimientos. El estudio documental de tipo mixto, con enfoque interpretativo, de corte transversal, cuenta con estructura hermenéutica que posibilita caracterizar, analizar y sintetizar tanto la revisión documental que fundamenta teórica y conceptualmente la relación entre los procesos participativos de desarrollo territorial y la noción de Buen Vivir como el análisis del proceso participativo llevado a cabo en el marco de la formulación del plan de ordenamiento departamental de Santander. Los resultados permiten plantear una serie de recomendaciones para la optimización de dicho plan desde la perspectiva del Buen Vivir.
É possível estimar o número de pinhões em uma pinha? Proposta de um método utilizando medidas morfométricas simples
Authors: Rogério Antonio Krupek  , Vilmar Ribeiro  , Danilo Zabandjala  , Thalita Luana Varenholt
Published: June 2023

A utilização da semente de Araucaria angustifolia (o pinhão) é uma prática econômica, social e cultural, fazendo parte da tradição regional do sul do Brasil. O número de sementes produzidas por um estróbilo feminino é variável e dependente de condições ambientais e climáticas, tornando sua determinação difícil. A questão aqui levantada é: será possível estimar o número de pinhões que uma pinha produz sem realizar essa contagem? Para responder à questão, propõe-se utilizar uma equação construída com o uso de medidas do estróbilo. Para tanto, mediram-se 40 estróbilos femininos (pinhas). As seguintes medidas morfométricas foram obtidas para cada pinha: comprimento, largura, circunferência e peso. Por fim, contou-se o número de pinhões produzidos. Foram selecionadas e aplicadas três equações ajustadas, a fim de estimar o número de pinhões por pinha: Y = -84,99 + 9,33x (com base no comprimento da pinha); Y = -2,56 + 0,709x (usando circunferência e peso); Y = -11,51 + 0,0036x (empregando todas as variáveis medidas). As três equações se mostraram úteis e aplicáveis na determinação estimativa do número de sementes. Recomenda-se aqui a equação que utiliza apenas a medida de comprimento da pinha, por ser mais fácil e rápido de obter em campo.
Estratégias ecológicas CSR de dez espécies lenhosas de floresta ombrófila densa
Authors: de Melo Júnior João Carlos Ferreira , Fagundes Salvador Heloísa , Borba de Oliveira Gustavo , Ferreira de Moraes Juliano , Brodbeck Bruna , Leonardo Bauer de Britto Kayky
Published: June 2023

Este estudo identificou as estratégias ecológicas de dez espécies lenhosas de mata atlântica, por meio do método CSR. A área de estudo compreende um remanescente de floresta ombrófila densa, pertencente ao Jardim Botânico da Univille, localizado no município de Joinville, Santa Catarina. As espécies avaliadas foram: Inga edulis (Fabaceae), Guapira opposita (Nyctaginaceae), Hyeronima alchorneoides (Euphorbiaceae), Leandra carassana (Melastomataceae), Piper aduncum (Piperaceae), Piper cernuum (Piperaceae), Piper officinalis (Piperaceae), Psychotria carthaginensis (Rubiaceae), Psychotria nuda (Rubiaceae) e Pleroma clavatum (Melastomataceae). 80% das espécies exibiram estratégia ruderal tolerante ao estresse (S/SR), com elevada representatividade da estratégia tolerante ao estresse (S, 65 a 76%) e baixa de ruderalismo (R, 23 a 33%). Apenas duas espécies mostraram[1]se ruderalistas, com elevado R (≥ 91%). Todas as espécies apresentaram baixa estratégia como competidoras, com C sem expressividade (0 a 9%). Das espécies estudadas, as de hábito arbustivo corroboraram a estratégia esperada de tolerância ao estresse, enquanto as espécies arbóreas não corresponderam ao esperado, evidenciando tendência ao ruderalismo (H. alchoneiodes) e tolerância ao estresse (I. edulis). Os dados obtidos ajudam na compreensão da montagem e do funcionamento das comunidades biológicas da mata atlântica, podendo ser utilizados em ações de conservação da biodiversidade.
“Water-borne Soil” Hybridity and Divided Traditions in Toni Morrison’s Sula
Authors: Dias Gonçalo
Published: June 2023

nsideringthe “hyphenated identities”present in America, the present essay addressesthe role of fragmentation, identity and identification, and tradition in the African American experience as portrayed in Toni Morrison’s Sula. Through the lenses of both African American Studies and Identity Studies, the works of Vashti Crutcher Lewis (“African Tradition in Toni Morrison’s Sula”) and Stuart Albert (“The Definition and Metadefinition of Identity”), respectively, will be used to ponder how identity –individual and collective –reacts to strict measurement, and how the experience of African Americans is divided under the two points of reference that compose its nomenclature.1One may ask, then, how traditions which have been forcefully erased make a claim on the present, even when and wherethey are ata disadvantage, and how (if at all) identification is possible when obliteration has already occurred; how traditions and experiences co-exist in an environment which favours hierarchy and limitation. Additionally, how do representations of past traditions move in territories and cultures which reject them, and in what ways is fluidity possible? Can the solution be found in the convergence of the opposed experiences, or is there a side to be picked at all times? In what ways does the revelationof hybridity to oppressed and suppressed societies trigger a self-awareness from which there is no escaping? And what is the role of creation and creativity amidst these tensions, considering that identity is composed by the same questions that challengeit?
Harlem Lives The Significance of the City in Colson Whitehead’s Harlem Shuffle
Authors: Costa Pedro
Published: June 2023

This essay intends to analyse the depiction of the fictionalized neighbourhood of Harlem in the late 50s and early 60s in Colson Whitehead’s novel Harlem Shuffle(2021) and the significance of the theme of the city in this work of fiction. In order to do so, I will be analysing the novel’s plot in relation to the presented social scale and its implication for an analysis of the increasingly capitalist society of that time, while also making reference to the concept of American Dream and an enquiry of the concept throughout the years, whilst exploring its meaning to the African American community as well. I will be also mentioning the meaning of the city for that community, considering it as both a space for oppression and for resistance and how that affects the construction of a collective culturalidentity. For that I will also be making use of concepts of “postracial” capitalism, as coined by Maria Bose
Pecking at Rebecca Character(istics)s of Manderley as Symbolised in Hitchcock’s Hollywood Practices in Rebecca
Authors: Poole Mark
Published: June 2023

The current paper begins with an examination of the relationship between the producerDavid O.Selznickand the directorAlfred Hitchcock, making the case that there are parallels between their relationshipand the unnamed protagonist and other characters in Hitchcock’s first Hollywood feature, Rebecca(1940). It then explores some of the Freudian and Lacanian symbols within the film and how these can allude to character traits of the main protagonists.
espaço "zoo" da literagtura
Authors: Maciel Maria Esther
Published: June 2023

Este artigo percorre os aspectos semânticos e culturais da palavra “animal”, bem como os conceitos que se formaram a partir dos vários sentidos que atravessaram o vocábulo e seus correlatos ao longo dos tempos. O propósito é não apenas discutir os dogmas de ordem científica, religiosa, política e estética que se legitimaram em torno do mundo “zoo” e suas diferentes inscrições no imaginário ocidental, mas também mostrar como as definições e descrições dos animais reforçaram a hierarquia dos viventes e moldaram as relações entre humanos e não humanos. A literatura, sob esse prisma, é analisada como um espaço em que tais valores são questionados e o mundo zoo adquire novas e insuspeitadas configurações.
Horacio Quiroga
Authors: Fioruci Wellington Ricardo
Published: June 2023

Este artigo analisa de forma comparativa dois contos do escritor Horacio Quiroga, “Yaguaí” e “O mel silvestre”, ambos pertencentes à obra Contos de amor de loucura e de morte, publicada em 1917. A análise em questão demonstra como o escritor desenvolve nesses contos uma poética a meio caminho entre o ser humano e a natureza, cuja potência criativa advém em grande medida de experiências trágicas que ecoam a biografia de seu autor. Quiroga propõe em seus contos, de forma vanguardista na América Latina, uma prosa aguda sobre os dramas vivenciados pelos seres que compartilham um mesmo planeta e representam diferentes realidades em conflito, valorizando o papel da natureza nesse espaço de lutas e resistência.
Jean Rouch, Cineasta, Antropólogo, Engenheiro, Africano Branco
Authors: Ribeiro José
Published: June 2023

No encontro de Jean Rouch com Manoel de Oliveira, este situou-o e situou o seu cinema como mais africano que europeu e Jocelyne Rouch identificou-o com o título do filme Moi, un Noir (Eu, um Negro; Rouch, 1958) — é ele. Rouch é também engenheiro de pontes e estradas. Não admira, pois, que a poética do ferro e do aço esteja presente no seu cinema, ao lado de Manoel de Oliveira. As pontes e os caminhos de Rouch são também entre pessoas, culturas, sociedades. É, pois, notável a relação do real como imaginado nos seus filmes — o fascínio pelos rituais autênticos dos dogon e os fenómenos de possessão e uma antropologia moderna virada para as pessoas deslocadas, migrantes que viviam em grandes cidades, e para a vida urbana. Procuramos abordar neste texto quatro dimensões do percurso de Jean Rouch: situá-lo no contexto do filme etnográfico, revisitar os arquivos de Chronique d’un Été (Crónica de um Verão; Rouch & Morin, 1960) 50 anos depois de sua realização, o encontro de Rouch com os dogon e a “poética do ferro e do aço” partilhada com Manoel de Oliveira, remetendo para sua dimensão de engenheiro, cineasta e antropólogo, consciente de que ficaram de fora dimensões igualmente importantes, mas que não cabem nesta reflexão.
Mediação Para a Arte Urbana: O Caso Meu Bairro, Minha Rua
Authors: Castro Ana Luísa , Campos Ricardo
Published: June 2023

Cada vez mais, vemos a arte urbana a ser utilizada como meio de regeneração urbana por parte das autarquias de várias cidades portuguesas, constatando-se, no entanto, que, por vezes, são desenvolvidos projetos de arte urbana com o simples intuito de “embelezar” a paisagem urbana, não tendo em consideração as comunidades que frequentam ou vivem nos espaços intervencionados. Este tipo de intervenção levanta uma série de questões acerca do papel da arte urbana enquanto forma de arte pública, desenvolvida em determinados territórios urbanos. Com frequência esta expressão tem sido empregue em territórios urbanos desqualificados e periféricos, do ponto de vista territorial e social. Neste sentido, cumpre funções que não são exclusivamente artísticas, mas também de índole comunitária e social, visando a requalificação territorial, simbólica e identitária de determinados bairros.
Com este artigo, pretendemos chamar a atenção para a importância da utilização de processos participativos no desenvolvimento de projetos de arte urbana a implementar no espaço público, incentivando o envolvimento das comunidades. Partindo da premissa de que no espaço público a mediação de arte deve ter uma importância acrescida, decidimos focar-nos num caso de estudo — o projeto Meu Bairro, Minha Rua — no qual a comunidade foi chamada a participar nas tomadas de decisão sobre um conjunto de micro-intervenções, realizadas no espaço público, em 10 locais de Vila Nova de Gaia.
O Conceito de Mediação Artística no Contexto Iberoamericano
Authors: Clauzet Ferraz de Mello Marina , Moreno González Ascension
Published: June 2023

Existem diferentes campos que definem a mediação artística, porém, é possível explicitar que no centro destas diferentes definições, estão diferentes formas de acompanhamento dos processos educativos e sociais vinculados às práticas artísticas.
No contexto ibero-americano, coexistem atualmente duas conceções de mediação artística. Uma refere-se ao acompanhamento profissional por meio de intervenções artísticas a pessoas e grupos em situação de vulnerabilidade e/ou exclusão, com o objetivo de melhorar sua condição psicossocial, promovendo o bem-estar, fomentando a criatividade e a participação, possibilitando uma melhora em situações tanto individuais, como grupais e comunitárias, alavancando processos de inclusão social, desenvolvimento comunitário e fomentando a cultura de paz. A outra conceção é descrita como a intervenção realizada para aproximar a arte do público em contextos culturais ou museológicos, promovendo novas formas de pensar a relação entre arte, sociedade e público.
Nesta pesquisa, ambas as perspetivas são revistas, com apoio na forma como as publicações científicas especificadas a seguir quando e como apresentam o conceito de mediação artística no seu conteúdo, com o fim de ganhar uma maior compreensão do alcance de cada conceito.
Initial stages of growth of the GaN(11\=22) layer on a nano-structured Si(113) substrate
Authors: Bessolov V. N.  , Konenkova E. V.  , Rodin S. N.
Published: June 2023

Scanning electron microscopy was used to study of the initial stages of the formation of a semipolar GaN(1122) layer during Metalorganic Chemical Vapor Deposition on Si(113) substrates, on the surface of which U-shaped grooves with element sizes <100 nm (NP-Si(113)) were formed. It was found that NP-Si(113) substrates with a buffer AlN layer stimulate the formation of islands faceted by the planes m-GaN, c-GaN. It is shown that there is a predominant growth of the m-GaN facet in comparison with c-GaN.The experimental results correspond to the Gibbs--Curie--Wolff selection principle, but taking into account elastic stresses in the c-GaN plane. Keywords: semipolar gallium nitride, nano-structured substrate, silicon.
Definition of electron polar scattering angle on ionized impurities for Monte Carlo simulation of charge carrier transport in semiconductors
Authors: Borzdov V. M.  , Borzdov A. V.  , Vasileuski Y. G.
Published: June 2023

Procedures of polar scattering angle simulation for electron scattering on ionized impurities are examined for Brooks--Herring, Conwell--Weisskopf and Ridley models as the most frequently used in Monte Carlo simulation of charge carrier transport in semiconductors. A more correct procedure for polar scattering angle simulation is proposed for Ridley model. Peculiarities of scattering angle distribution densities calculated in the framework of regarded models are analyzed taking silicon as an example. Comparison of electron mobility calculated by ensemble Monte Carlo method using considered models has been done for doped silicon at 300 K and for constant electric field strength F = 7· 104 V/m. Keywords: ionized impurity, electron scattering, Monte Carlo method.