bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Can Generation Y nurses supply areas of shortage? New graduate challenges in today’s job market
Authors: Christopher Sybèle Anne , Chiarella Elizabeth Mary , Waters Donna
Published: June 2024

Objective: Workforce attitudes, such as intent to stay, leave temporarily, or exit permanently from nursing, develop at an early career stage. This paper explores the mismatch between the challenges faced by nursing graduates (of whom many belong to Generation Y) in obtaining a Registered Nurse (RN) position following graduation and the continuing shortages in nurse workforce in aged care and mental health areas.
Setting: Current Australian literature reveals the discontent of university graduates seeking positions in an industry that does not make arrangements to employ graduates, but concomitantly reports workforce undersupply. Areas of nursing shortages of concern discussed in this paper are aged care and mental health nursing.
Primary argument: A number of reasons may explain why these areas are depleted of nurses: an ageing workforce, unattractive market positions for new graduate nurses and negative perceptions of the aged care and mental health sectors. Also, numerous generational negative opinions expressed in academic literature and popular media serve to discourage newly graduating nurses from working in these areas.
Conclusion: The paper offers potential solutions to address three main issues raised in the discussion. Firstly, addressing the shortage of new graduate positions is an effort to retain qualified but inexperienced nurses. Secondly, drawing on the pool of new graduates to supply aged care and mental health rejuvenates these specialty areas and ensures these nursing fields are well catered for. Finally, directing efforts to retain new graduate nurses is an opportunity to address the 2025 projected Australian nurse workforce shortfall.
Why such success? Nursing students show consistently high satisfaction with bioscience courses at a regional university
Authors: Clifton I. Delma , McKillup Stephen
Published: June 2024

Background: An understanding of anatomy, physiology and pathophysiology is considered essential for graduate nurses, but many nursing students find such courses difficult and anxiety-provoking. This was contrary to the authors’ experiences, so student perceptions were studied at the survey institution.
Objective: This paper examines nursing students’ satisfaction with bioscience and nursing courses in the first two years of a Bachelor of Nursing at an Australian university, in order to suggest strategies for effective bioscience teaching.
Design: Quantitative data for student satisfaction, measured on the Likert scale, were collected for three bioscience and 11 nursing courses from 2010 – 2012. Mean satisfaction was compared among courses and offerings by ANOVA, with offerings nested within courses, and correlation analysis was used to examine the relationship between student satisfaction and pass rate. Qualitative data were sourced from open questions, emails and forum posts and examined for recurrent themes.
Results: Students rated the three bioscience courses in the top four of the 14 courses. There was no relationship between satisfaction and pass rate. Qualitative responses showed satisfaction with the course content, the learning materials, the delivery style and lecturer support.
Conclusion: It is possible to deliver bioscience courses that are appreciated by nursing students. Four principles are suggested in this paper that may improve student satisfaction with bioscience courses and, therefore, result in more effective learning and better prepared nursing graduates.
Home oxygen therapy assessment for COPD patients discharged from hospital: Respiratory NP Model of Care
Authors: Hall Toni , Champion Robert , Tori Kathleen
Published: June 2024

Objectives: The research aim was to examine the impact of the introduction of the Chronic Respiratory Disease Nurse Practitioner (CRD NP) Model of Care (MOC) on the assessment for short term oxygen therapy (STOT), provision of care, and patient outcomes for patients discharged with oxygen therapy post an acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
Design: A retrospective uncontrolled comparative clinical audit was conducted in two six-month periods pre (2009) and post (2011) the introduction of the CRD NP MOC.
Setting: Tertiary referral centre in central Victoria, Australia.
Subjects: A total of 301 patient admissions with a discharge diagnosis of COPD were examined for hypoxia at rest and on exertion prior to discharge.
Main outcome measures: The audit focused on the incidence of assessment for STOT prior to discharge, supply of STOT where indicated on discharge, and incidence of re-admission within 28 days of discharge with COPD related symptoms.
Results: A statistically significant increase in the proportion of appropriate patients assessed with arterial blood gas analysis for eligibility of STOT from 7.7% in 2009 to 45% in 2011. Provision of STOT on discharge increased from 26.7% to 44.4%. Re-admission to hospital within 28 days of discharge for patients with STOT decreased from 25% in 2009 to 12.5% in 2011.
Conclusion: Since the introduction of the CRD NP MOC there has been an increase in patient assessment for STOT, provision of STOT, reduction in hospital re-admissions, improved adherence to procedure protocols, improved patient outcomes and cost savings for the hospital.
Key milestones in the operationalisation of professional nursing ethics in Australia: a brief historical overview
Authors: Johnstone Megan-Jane
Published: June 2024

Objective: To provide a brief historical overview of the achievement of key milestones in the development of mechanisms for operationalising professional nursing ethics in Australia; examples of such milestones include: the publication of the first Australian text on nursing ethics (1989), the provision of the first Australian national distance education course on nursing ethics for registered nurses (1990), the adoption of the first code of ethics for Australian nurses (1993), and the commissioning of the first regular column on nursing ethics by the Australian Nurses Journal (2008).
Setting: Australian nursing ethics.
Primary argument: An historical perspective on the achievement of key milestones in the development of mechanisms for operationalising professional nursing ethics in Australia has been poorly documented. As a consequence an authentic ‘Australian voice’ is missing in global discourses on the history and development of nursing ethics as a field of inquiry. Compared with other countries, the achievement of key milestones pertinent to the operationalisation of nursing ethics in Australia has been relatively slow. Even so, over the past three decades an Australian perspective on nursing ethics has gained a notable voice in the international arena with Australian nursing scholars now making a significant contribution to the field.
Conclusion: Nursing ethics in Australia remains a ‘work in progress’. Although significant achievements have been made in the last three decades, the ongoing development of mechanisms for advancing nursing ethics in Australia would benefit from the development and implementation of a strategic agenda of collaborative, internationally comparative, cross disciplinary scholarship, research and critique.
Health literacy, does it make a difference?
Authors: Johnson Anne
Published: June 2024

Objective: To provide contextual information about health literacy and its importance to health care, nursing, and health consumers.
Primary argument: Health literacy is of concern to all health workers, including nurses, working in all areas of the Australian health care system. Low levels of health literacy is a significant problem in Australia. Population measurements of functional health literacy levels (ABS 2008) indicate that 59 per cent of the Australian population aged 15 to 74 years did not achieve an adequate health literacy skill level to meet the complex demands of everyday life and work in a knowledge-based economy. Nurses play a vital role in the care and education of health consumers. As such an understanding of health literacy and how it impacts on health care and health outcomes is central to providing patient-centred care, and improving health outcomes.
Conclusion: An understanding by nurses of health literacy is central to enhancing the involvement of health consumers in their care, and improving health outcomes and the provision of safe health care.
Exploring infant deformational or positional plagiocephaly prevention and management by Maternal Child Health Nurses and Paediatric Physiotherapists
Authors: Williams Elizabeth , Galea Mary
Published: June 2024

Objectives: To explore Maternal Child Health (MCH) nurses’ and Paediatric Physiotherapists’ (Physiotherapists) experience with infant deformational or positional plagiocephaly (plagiocephaly).
Design: Cross-sectional online survey.
Setting: Community health setting in Victoria, Australia.
Subjects: MCH nurses and Paediatric Physiotherapists in Victoria were invited to participate.
Main outcome measures: Survey results were collated and analysed descriptively.
Results: Surveys were completed by 183/961(19%) MCH nurses and a sample of 16 Physiotherapists, from a cross section of metropolitan (62%), regional (18%) and rural/remote (24%) Victoria. All MCH nurses and Physiotherapists reported seeing infants with plagiocephaly in the previous 12 months. Responses indicated MCH nurses saw between 11-50 infants with plagiocephaly (n=110). These were first diagnosed by MCH nurses at one to three months. Infants first presented to Physiotherapists on average at four to six months. All MCH nurses and Physiotherapists implemented prevention strategies and both groups thought it was effective subject to parents’ implementing the advice. Strategies for prevention and management of plagiocephaly included early prone play (tummy-time) and counter positioning. Physiotherapists also included gross motor exercises, stretches if torticollis was present and, if appropriate, referral for helmet therapy. Referrals of infants with plagiocephaly by MCH nurses were made to Physiotherapists, General Practitioners, Chiropractors and Osteopaths.
Conclusions: All MCH nurses and Physiotherapist respondents see infants with plagiocephaly, MCH nurses earlier than Physiotherapists. The effectiveness of plagiocephaly prevention advice can be called into question because of the high numbers of infants presenting and subsequent referrals to different health professionals. Recommendations from respondents included a review of past initiatives including extensive education for Maternal Child Health Nurses, Pamphlets in their Home visiting pack and video for demonstration at first time mothers group and the provision of clearer early prevention advice in the Government Key Ages and Stages (KAS) Framework for MCH nurses.
Can patients and their caregivers boost identification of HIV Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)?
Authors: Cummins Denise , Murray Kenneth , Trotter Gary , Batterham Marijka , Healey Loretta , O'Connor Catherine
Published: June 2024

Objective: To ascertain whether people living with HIV and their caregivers using a self reflective tool could identify S&S of HAND.
Design: This study was a nurse led prospective observational multi-site study using a quantitative design.
Setting: Participants were recruited from three sites in Sydney, New South Wales (NSW), Australia: an inner metropolitan HIV clinic, an inner metropolitan sexual health clinic and a suburban hospital HIV clinic.
Subjects: 121 patients and 44 caregivers who attended ambulatory clinics providing HIV care.
Main Outcome Measures: Observing usual standard of care to follow patients who had formal neuropsychological testing and diagnosis of HAND.
Results: Sixty one percent of participants and 57% of caregivers identified more than four symptoms. Sixteen had neuropsychological exams; five were diagnosed with HAND. After changes to their medication regime all of those five showed an improvement in cognition. Of the remaining 11, four results were inconclusive, with some deficits noted.
Conclusion: Patients and caregivers stated the booklet helped them to reflect on behavior changes which they could subsequently discuss with their doctor. The booklet was considered useful to identify S&S which could indicate HAND.
A review for Australian nurses: Cannabis use for anti-emesis among terminally ill patients in Australia
Authors: Chan Alex , Molloy Luke , Pertile Joy , Iglesias Miguel
Published: June 2024

Objective: The objective of this article is to describe the potential benefits of medicinal cannabis in emesis control and the position of nurses looking after palliative patients who are on medicinal cannabis treatment in Australia.
Setting: Palliative care. 
Primary argument: Cannabis is the most commonly abused drug and its use for medical purposes was restricted throughout the world since the early 20th century. However many clinical studies show that the natural cannabinoid compounds can stimulate the cannabinoid receptors in the brain leading to attenuation of signal transmission, resulting in alleviation of the vomiting stimuli. The debate about the use of cannabis as an anti-emetic agent in patients with life-limiting conditions has renewed interest in recent years. The principle of palliative care is to improve the quality of life of patients living with life-limiting conditions based on the best evidence available. Although some evidence suggests cannabis may have therapeutic effects on some palliative patients and the Australian Commonwealth Government has recently changed the legislation, the concept of using medicinal cannabis in emesis control is very new to many Australians including the health care providers.
Conclusion: In comparison to conventional medications, medicinal use of cannabis in palliative care is a new phenomenon and nurses as well as general public may be less prepared for the use of cannabis as a medical modality in all clinical settings. This review is intended to raise awareness of the physiological mechanism of cannabis and its medicinal use to the nurses in Australia.
Profiling Australian school students’ interest in a nursing career: insights for ensuring the future workforce
Authors: Gore Jennifer , Rickards Bernadette , Fray Leanne , Holmes Kathryn , Smith Maxwell
Published: June 2024

Objective: Given that the current shortage of nurses threatens the quality of health care globally, we urgently need to find new ways to bolster recruitment. This paper aims to understand patterns and predictors of interest in a nursing career among school students in order to inform ways of ensuring a viable future workforce.
Design: A four-year longitudinal mixed methods study undertaken in New South Wales, Australia.
Setting and subjects: Survey data collected annually (2012–2015), involving 6,492 students in Years 3–12 in government schools, wereanalysed using logistic regression. Focus group data (2013–2015) involving 553 students and open-ended survey responses were analysed to investigate reasons for interest in nursing.
Results: Significant predictors of interest in nursing included being female and having a parent in a nursing occupation. A ‘helping orientation’ and prior experiences with nurses or nursing were key factors underpinning students’ interest in this career. Some students perceived nursing as a ‘safe’ career choice, balancing practical concerns, such as job security, with their desire to care. Other students expressed ambivalence, with nursing but one of many ‘caring’ careers to which they were drawn.
Conclusion: Given that early experiences with nursing or nursing-related activities influenced the desire to pursue this career, developing new experiential strategies that engage school student interest are important for ensuring the growth and stability of the Australian nursing workforce.
Improving pain management through addition of the functional activity score
Authors: Tong Ying Ge , Konstantatos Alex , Cheng Yan , Chai Ling
Published: June 2024

Objective: This study investigated the benefits of adding a new measurement tool, the Functional Activity Score to a validated measurement tool, the Numeric Rating Scale.
Design: Prospective cohort comparing cases (with intervention) to controls (usual care).
Setting: Inpatients from a Chinese Mainland teaching hospital.
Subjects: Eighty three postoperative patients of mixed gender and Chinese ethnicity.
Interventions: Adding Functional Activity score, a subjective observer assessed pain measurement tool, to usual postoperative pain intensity assessment.
Main outcome measures: Median 24 hour dynamic pain rating intensity. Episodes of moderate to severe pain.
Results: Median 24 hour dynamic numeric rating pain postoperative pain intensity rating with cough 3 [2.25, 3.75] versus 6 [5, 7] (p< 0.001), and at rest 0 [0,0] versus 2 [0,3] (p < 0.001) were both significantly lower in the intervention group versus the control group. The intervention group also experienced significantly less episodes of moderate to severe pain (p=0.02) and reported significantly less cough related interference with pain (p=0.003).
Conclusion: Functional activity score is easy to teach and apply, complements existing objective pain assessment after surgery and is beneficial for patient care.
An integrative review: adherence barriers to a lowsalt diet in culturally diverse heart failure adults
Authors: Chan Alex , Elmer Shandell , Khanam Masuma , Kinsman Leigh
Published: June 2024

Objective: A sodium restricted diet (SRD) is generally included in chronic heart failure (HF) management. The objective of this review is to explore and synthesise the research findings of the adherence barriers to a SRD in adults from culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) backgrounds with HF.
Setting: The principle research question addressed in this review is: what are the adherence barriers to a SRD for chronic heart failure management in adults from CALD backgrounds?
Primary argument: Patient education plays an important role in health decision-making but it is only one of the many factors in dietary sodium restriction adherence. In order to promote the adherence behaviours among the adults with HF, nurses should develop a tailored approach to overcome individuals’ perceived barriers and circumstances especially adults from CALD backgrounds.
Results: The literature search was undertaken in PubMed, CINAHL and MEDLINE. After eliminating duplicates and applying the selection criteria, eleven titles were included in the review.
Conclusion: This review found three major perceived barriers for adults living with HF to adhere to a SRD from CALD backgrounds: 1) lack of sufficient, appropriate provision of patient education; 2) the levels of interference with social and family life; and 3) the availability and affordability of healthier food alternatives. These barriers are critical to the design of nursing interventions for promoting adherence behaviours. Lack of published research in adults from CALD ethnic minority groups living with HF in Western countries limited the ability to explore all of the barriers identified in this review.
Quality Control Circle improves self-monitoring of blood glucose in Type 2 diabetic patients
Authors: Wu Jun , Su Xiaoyou , Lian Hong , Lin Aijuan , Wei Huiyan , Hu Jibo
Published: June 2024

Objective: To determine the effect of quality control circle (QCC) activity on self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) in type 2diabetic patients.
Design: Pre-test Post-test study.
Setting: Outpatient clinic of a tertiary hospital in Eastern China.
Subjects: A total of 110 insulin-treated type 2 diabetic patients.
Interventions: Quality control circle.
Main outcome measures: Quality of self-monitoring of blood glucose and blood glucose control in patients.
Results: At the end of QCC activity, the proportion of patients performing regular SMBG and the frequency of SMBG were significantly increased. The incidence of using expired test strips, incorrect timing of blood glucose monitoring, improper operation and non-calibration of meters were all significantly decreased. Consequently, the levels of glycosylated hemoglobin,one-week fasting blood glucose, and one-month incidence of hypoglycemia were significantly decreased in these patients.
Conclusion: The QCC activity plays an active and beneficial role in improving SMBG and blood glucose control in patients with diabetes. This activity should be promoted in future clinical work.
The development and evaluation of a preceptorship program using a practice development approach
Authors: Ford Karen , Courtney-Pratt Helen , Fitzgerald Mary
Published: June 2024

Objective: The aim of the research was to evaluate a Preceptorship Workshop for nurses and midwives structured using a Practice Development framework. The workshop was underpinned by an exploration of nurses and midwives attitudes, perceptions and concerns about being a preceptor.
Design: Emancipatory Practice Development guided this study.
Setting: The study was conducted in a 400-bed tertiary referral hospital in an Australian state.
Subjects: Ninety three nurses and midwives participated in the study.
Main outcome measures: Data collection was undertaken from July – December 2009. Participants’ completed a self-assessment of six identified learning outcomes on a five point Likert scale pre and post workshop. Findings were further informed by qualitative data collected during and following the workshops.
Results: A paired samples t-test was used to compare pre and post workshop participant self ratings of knowledge, understanding and ability to apply preceptor skills. Statement four: ‘My knowledge of the requirements of my role as a preceptor in relation to the structure of a range of nursing programs’ demonstrates the highest shift in self assessment. There was a significant difference in the scores pre test (M= 3.04, SD=.751) and post test (M=3.99, SD=.617). Statistically significant changes occurred across all six learning outcomes, confirmed by qualitative findings from participant input on the day.
Conclusion: Findings support the use of a Practice Development approach in the provision of a preceptor workshop, with clinicians indicating high acceptability that resulted in achievement of key learning outcomes.
Case management the panacea for aged care
Authors: Ervin Kaye , Finlayson Sarah , Tan Elaine
Published: June 2024

Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of case management on family member or other caregivers involvement in residential aged care settings; staff?family relationships and family satisfaction with residential care.
Method: This was a controlled before and after study involving pre and post intervention testing and comparison between intervention and control groups from two 30 bed rural high care residential aged care facilities. Staff from the intervention facility underwent case management training and resources were allocated to implement case management. General demographic information was collected about the family member and the residents. The Family Involvement Questionnaire and the Family Perception of Care Tool was used pre and post intervention to determine the level of family involvement and their perception of care provided.
Results: Visiting levels increased in the intervention site but not the control site. No significant differences were found for the two sites over the two phases but increases were seen in correspondence, attendance at social activities, overseeing staff interactions, attendance at case conferences and rate of family member decision-making about treatments or care for the intervention site. The overall satisfaction with care and the relationships increased at the intervention site but the changes were not significant.
Conclusion: Although there were no statistically significant results due to the sample size, there were positive changes at the intervention site. Case management is a potentially suitable model of care in the aged care setting.
Sistem Manajemen Informasi Kesehatan pada Suatu Desa untuk Mewujudkan Desa Sehat
Authors: Santoso Fahrurozi
Published: June 2024

The purpose of this research is to find out the overview of knowledge of information management systems in the village. This research design uses descriptive designs The population in the study was 188 pregnant women, with a sample of 38 respondents using accidental sampling techniques. Data collection uses primary data and secondary data with univariate analysis. The results of the study were obtained from respondents: 16 pregnant women (42.1%) had less knowledge, a small proportion of respondents (15 pregnant mothers (39.5%) had enough knowledge, while very few of the respondents had a good knowledge of 7 people (18.4%).  The conclusion of the knowledge of pregnant mothers in the village of Wajok Hilir is very poor due to the poor education of the mother, therefore, the factor that caused the pregnant mother to refuse to test the pregnancy because of the lack of knowledge of the risk of pregnancies.
Konsep Kependudukan Program KB di Indonesia dan Organisasi KB untuk Kesehatan
Authors: Aldino Vero Hari
Published: June 2024

The objective of the research is to explain the history of UN in Indonesia, to overcome the factors that influence the development of UN, to explain UN organizations in Indonesia and UN programmes in Indonesia. To explain the concept of family planning. This method of research is a type of descriptive research, which means that this research describes an object, phenomenon, or social setting in the form of writing containing a quotation of data or facts or natural manifestations in the field. The results of the research are from the above description we conclude that the family planning program is an attempt to enhance the care and role as well as society through adult marriage age (PUP), birth arrangement, building family resilience, improving the well-being of small families, happiness and prosperity. The main objective of the National Commission's program is to fulfil the public's orders to provide quality reproductive health services, lower the levels of I.C.I. and I.B. as well as overcome reproductive-health problems in order to build quality small families.
Systematic analysis of the pharmacology of myoinositol and D-chiroinositola
Authors: Bogacheva T. E. , Gromova O. A. , Torshin I. Yu.
Published: June 2024

The article presents an analysis of publications on myoinositol in order to clarify the possibilities of prescribing drugs based on it. Myoinositol is one of the endogenous human metabolites that has a significant effect on the functioning of cells and tissues of the whole body. The main function of myoinositol and its derivatives is to participate in intracellular signal transmission and ensure the functioning of such important receptors as insulin receptors, catecholamines, metabotropic receptors of various neurotransmitters, growth factors, etc. (Myoinositol is the basis for the synthesis of an important group of signaling molecules, inositol phosphates, which mediate signal transmission from growth factor receptors and neurotransmitters). Most inositol-dependent proteins with known functions are necessary for the vital functions of the cardiovascular, immune system, and connective tissue structure. Equally important is the role of myoinositol in maintaining the functioning of the central nervous system (including neurotrophic and neuroprotective roles), sugar metabolism (primarily the signaling cascade of insulin) and the functioning of the kidneys and liver. Myoinositol subsidies contribute to the prevention of folate-resistant malformations and neuroprotection of the brain under stress.
Pharmacoinformational, basic and clinical studies of 7-hydroxymatairesinol in the context of searching for effective and safe therapeutic approaches to the treatment of mastopathy
Authors: Rubashkina А. N. , Torshin I. Yu. , Gromova O. A.
Published: June 2024

7-hydroxymatairesinol (7(OH)MR) is the main lignan of spruce extracts, characterized by oncoprotective and anti-inflammatory properties. The results of chemoreactome modeling made it possible to formulate the molecular mechanisms of the pharmacological effects of 7(OH)MR for anti-inflammatory (inhibition of 5-lipoxygenase, matrix metalloproteinase MMP2, mitogen-activated kinase p38-alpha, leukotriene b4 receptor, prostacyclin receptor), oncoprotective (antioxidant effect due to inhibition heme oxygenase-2, inhibition of cyclin-dependent kinases 3 and 4, epidermal growth factor, mTOR protein). An assessment of the transcriptomic effects of 7(OH)MR in breast cancer cells showed significant dose-dependent effects on the transcription of 3468 of 12700 genes. The 7(OH)MR molecule, reducing the expression of proliferative genes (401 genes) and chronic inflammation (148 genes), while simultaneously increasing the transcription of oncoprotective immunity genes (100 genes), inhibits the proliferation of tumor cells. Experiments on solid Ehrlich carcinoma showed a significant oncoprotective effect of 7(OH)MR at doses of 60, 120 mg/day, even while taking estrogen (p = 0.007). A clinical study showed that 7(OH)MR (60 mg/day, 1 month) helps normalize estrogen metabolism and improve the clinical symptoms of mastopathy.
Geochemical and Isotopic Constraints on the Origin of Rare-Metal Enriched Alkaline A-Type Granites from the Nubian Shield: Role of Mantle Metasomatism
Authors: Abdel-Rahman Abdel-Fattah M.
Published: June 2024

The U-Pb zircon TIMS age of 637.47 ± 0.23 Ma identifies the oldest anorogenic complex in the northern Nubian Shield as that at Mount Hamr, emplaced as elongated plutons along deep-seated faults, intruding the Pan-African shield rocks. The hypersolvus peralkaline granites of Mount Hamr are dominated by perthite, quartz, and arfvedsonite, along with accessory zircon, chevkinite-(Ce), monazite, aenigmatite, apatite, fluorite, and opaque ilmenite. The rocks are depleted in Al, Ca, and Sr and enriched in Rb, high field strength elements (Zr, 528–1115 ppm), and rare earth elements (ΣREE, 416–1648 ppm), showing fractionated, light rare earth element-enriched patterns [(La/Yb)N = 17]. The rocks are classified as ferroan, reduced A-type granites (A1-subtype) and exhibit age-corrected (143Nd/144Nd)(i) ratios ranging from 0.5115 to 0.5117, with [ϵNd(t) = +5.0 to +5.9] similar to HIMU-OIB, and have lower age-corrected (87Sr/86Sr)(i) ratios (avg. Sr(i) = 0.702). The data yield Nd-TDM2 model ages of 860–929 Ma. High Zr/Hf, (Ce/Pb)N and low Y/Nb, (Th/Nb)N in these rocks reflect OIB-geochemical-signatures. The rocks crystallized at high temperature (TZr = 900–1185 °C) from H2O–depleted melt via extensive low-pressure fractionation of OIB-type parent magma, initially developed from a Na-F-rich metasomatized mantle source. The latter may have led to the formation of similar rare-metal-enriched alkaline intrusions within the vast Arabian-Nubian Shield and possibly within some magmatic provinces occurring in other shields.
Skrandžio vėžys ir nėštumas. Klinikinis atvejis ir literatūros apžvalga
Authors: Mūras Nojus , Ramonienė Gitana , Minkauskienė Meilė , Švedas Eimantas
Published: June 2024

Skrandžio vėžys nėštumo laikotarpiu yra retas ir dažniausiai diagnozuojamas vėlyvose stadijose. Remiantis klinikiniais simptomais, skrandžio vėžį sudėtinga įtarti ir diagnozuoti nėštumo laikotarpiu, nes negalavimai, kuriuos sukelia skrandžio vėžys, nėštumo laikotarpiu gali būti vertinami kaip fiziologiniai. Dėl su vaisiaus saugumu susijusių diagnostikos tyrimų stygiaus, pavėluotos diagnostikos, atidėliojamo gydymo, nėštumo laikotarpiu esančių hormoninių ir biologinių pokyčių bei imunosupresijos nėštumo laikotarpiu dažniausiai (92–93 proc.) diagnozuojamas išplitęs arba metastazavęs skrandžio vėžys. Nėščiosios diagnozė kelia riziką vaisiaus gyvybei ne tik dėl neoplazinės invazijos, bet ir dėl padidėjusios priešlaikinio gimdymo galimybės. Skrandžio vėžį diagnozavus nėštumo laikotarpiu, gydymo būdas pasirenkamas priklausomai nuo gestacinio amžiaus, vėžio stadijos, rizikos vaisiui bei nėščiosios sprendimo. Jį geriau pradėti užbaigus nėštumą. Gastrektomija cezario pjūvio operacijos metu nerekomenduojama dėl didelės hemoragijų ir trombembolijų rizikos. Gydymas chemoterapija yra diskutuotinas dėl teratogeninio poveikio, savaiminio persileidimo, vaisiaus žūties rizikos. Naujausi skrandžio vėžio gydymo būdai – imunoterapija ir taikinių terapija. Šiame straipsnyje pateikiamas 29 metų pacientės, kuriai 36 nėštumo savaitę diagnozuotas IV stadijos skrandžio vėžys su metastazėmis į kiaušides ir kaulus, klinikinis atvejis, apžvelgiamos vėžio diagnostikos bei gydymo galimybės nėštumo laikotarpiu ir po jo.
Evaluation of Serum Electrolyte Abnormalities and Kidney Function to Assess Risk of Kidney Disease in Hypertensive Patients at Kenyatta National Hospital
Authors: Roy Ayoma Odhiambo
Published: June 2024

HTN is a known leading cause of kidney disease with over 20% of the population aged 20 years or older with HTN developing CKD. Complications from HTN and kidney disease contribute significantly to global mortality. In Kenya, data from WHO shows that about 4 million individuals suffer from CKD, with many progressing to kidney failure. The aim was to assess serum electrolyte abnormalities and kidney function among hypertensive patients at KNH. The study utilized cross-sectional retrospective data from KNH patient records. The CKD-EPI equation was used to calculate eGFR. Fisher et al.’s equation determined sample size. Data were stratified by variables such as DBP, age, sex, SBP, proteinuria, serum creatinine, urea levels, serum electrolytes, and eGFR. Data collection involved 189 patients: 82 males (43.4%) and 107 females (56.6%), with a median age of 54.00 years. 93 patients (49.20%) were <54 years and 96 (50.80%) were ≥54 years. 78.84% of HTN patients had abnormal serum creatinine levels, and 54.5% had abnormal serum urea levels. 58.7% showed proteinuria. Elevated sodium levels (>145 mmol/l) affected 39.68% of patients, while reduced potassium levels (<3.5 mmol/l) were found in 15.34%. 41.27% had elevated chloride levels above 106 mmol/l. CKD stages varied: 3.2% had G1, 17.5% had G2, 14.8% had G3a, 29.1% had G3b, 16.4% had G4, and 19.0% had G5. Reduced renal function, estimated using GFR, was prevalent among hypertensive patients (79.4%) (95% CI:72.9-82.9), notably those ≥54 years. In conclusion, the risk of progressive kidney disease was high amongst hypertensive patients and this was evident from the proportion of patients who have abnormal kidney function including proteinuria. Early screening and implementation of therapeutic strategies can improve patient’s quality of life.
Transition Metal Free Decarbonyl-Oxidation of 3-Arylbenzofuran-2(3H)-ones: Access to 2-Hydroxy Benzophenones
Authors: DHOTARE Bhaskar B , Kanojia Seema V , Sakhiya Chahna K , Wadawale Amey , Goswami Dibakar
Published: June 2024

A transition metal-free decarbonyl-oxidation protocol for conversion of 3-Arylbenzofuran-2(3H)-ones to 2-hydroxybenzophenones under mild conditions has been developed. NMR studies confirmed the role of in-situ generated hydroperoxide in the conversion. The protocol was applied to a diverse range of substrates to access the target products in good to excellent yields. A structure-activity study for the 5-substituted-2-hydroxybenzophenones towards UV-protection abilities have been verified by mathematical calculations.
Cross-curricular Teaching and Learning in Mathematics Education
Authors: Röj-Lindberg Ann-Sofi
Published: June 2024

In the paper I discuss cross-curricular teaching and learning in mathematics education in relation to both theoretical perspectives and empirical evidence. The main question addressed is why school mathematics is frequently conceived as difficult to integrate with other subjects, sometimes even consciously left out when teachers plan for cross-curricular activities. One proposed reason is the dominance of an instrumental view on mathematics and its learning. If mathematics education is instead viewed from a complementary perspective, from a relational view, I argue that a crosscurricular educational context could provide a meaningful, realistic setting in which to engage in doing mathematics and making learners’ mathematical knowledge less inert. Keywords: cross-curricular mathematics education, instrumental view, relational view.
Learning Statistics through Ethical Data Science
Authors: Scipioni Marco
Published: June 2024

Data science represents a unique opportunity to motivate students from different academic backgrounds to learn statistics and apply it to ethical issues. Evidence of the benefits of teaching statistics through the lens of data science was found during the recent Ethical Data Science summer course at the University of North Carolina Charlotte during the Summer Ventures in Science and Math (SVSM) program. The course provided high school students with a comprehensive understanding of data science concepts while emphasizing the ethical considerations surrounding data use and its impact on society. The students engaged in analyzing datasets related to important social issues. This article reports the insights collected from the course and describes the impact of using data science to teach statistics.
Mathematical Fallacies and Scandals
Authors: Siadat M. Vali
Published: June 2024

Mathematics is a human endeavor and mathematicians, as practitioners of this field, exhibit their creativities and innovations as well as rivalries, and at times jealousies, even enmities, towards one another. Interestingly, though, society often thinks of mathematics as an esoteric subject and mathematicians as a group of super smart but weird people who congregate in closed-door meetings and conferences and engage in gentle and peaceful discourse in their exclusive elite clubs. The history of mathematics, as it is written today, deals mostly with innovations of mathematicians, but often ignores to present the behind the scenes work of those who create it. My aim in this short presentation is to show the other side of the general societal impression of mathematicians by presenting the real-life stories of some of the great minds in mathematics and how they have handled competitions, intense peer pressure and rivalries.
ECOLOGICAL AND FUNCTIONAL COMPARISON OF WOOD ANATOMY ON SOME TREE GENERA IN THE SOUTHERN NIGERIA
Authors: AYOGU VIRGINUS OKWUDILI , NJOKU EBERE UGWUNWA , NWEZE ANTHONY
Published: June 2024

This work aimed at utilizing wood anatomical traits to assess the compatibility or suitability of 9 species in the families where they belong since the earlier classification depended only on morphological characters and also to possibly deduce the permeability of their vessel lumen during wood treatment with preservatives of equal or different viscosity. Comparative stem anatomy of tree taxa Antiaris toxicaria Lesch. (Moraceae), Ficus exasperate Vahl. (Moraceae), Milicia excelsa Welw. (Moraceae), Dacryodes klaineana Lam. (Burseraceae) Canarium schweinfurthii Engl. (Burseraceae), Dacryodes edulis Lam. (Burseraceae), Erythrophleum suaveolens Taub. (Fabaceae), Pelthophorum pterocarpum De Cand. (Fabaceae), Pterocarpus soyauxii Taub. (Fabaceae) was studied. Observations on the transverse, radial-longitudinal and tangential-longitudinal sections showed that there were vast variations and few similarities in the vessel, axial parenchyma, ray cell and storied fibre distributions within and across families. Variations across the three ecological zones were found. The highest vessel diameter occurred in C. schwenfortii with 222.84µm (Burseraceae) followed by F. Exasperate with 196.42 µm (Moraceae) and P. pterocarpum with 187.23 µm (Fabaceae) across the three ecological zones. Vessel diameters were in direct proportion with the amount of rainfall while vessel frequencies were in negative proportion with the amount of rainfall across the ecological zones. Qualitative properties were not significantly affected by either temperature or rainfall.
Precedente Histórico del Yokot’an que Idealiza el Peligro Inminente que Vive
Authors: Cruz Guzmán Isabel
Published: June 2024

En cualquier cultura, la lengua de sus hablantes ha jugado un rol importante pues marca la historia lingüística evolutiva que hace a esa cultura única en el mundo. En el presente artículo se narra una serie de hechos históricos que muestran el origen y la evolución de la lengua Yokot’an o “chontal”. Nuestro texto cubre desde su aparición a partir de las lenguas mayas, pasando por la conquista de los españoles de tierras mexicanas hasta la creación de leyes gubernamentales que buscan proteger su existencia. También se discute que todos los esfuerzos han valido la pena, aunque el momento social en el que se vive ha menospreciado las riquezas culturales y lingüísticas que aporta esta lengua a la historia tabasqueña.
Prevalencia de sífilis en gestantes atendidas en el Hospital Regional de Pedro Juan Caballero, en 2022
Authors: Pereira da Silva Lívia Fernanda , Carvalho Santos Jara , Ferreira Paneago Lavinia , Staggemeier Galindo Melissa Clelia , Cruz Treichel Arthur , Barreto Roman Sergio Adrian
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Syphilis is a common pathology in our population, its early diagnosis is important to avoid complications in pregnant women and newborns since it can trigger serious complications in them. Objective: Determine the prevalence of syphilis in pregnant women treated at the Regional Hospital of Pedro Juan Caballero in the year 2022. Materials and methods: Descriptive, observational, cross-sectional study, where 5940 clinical records of pregnant women were analyzed at the Pedro Juan Caballero Regional Hospital in the period 2022, the study variables were sociodemographic aspects, gynecological-obstetric history and treatment. Results: Of the 5940 records analyzed, we found 74 patients with gestational syphilis, which corresponds to a prevalence of 1.24%, the most frequent age group was between 21 and 30 years in 45%, 80% of pregnant women with syphilis come from In the urban area, the diagnosis of gestational syphilis was made in 45% in children under 12 weeks of gestation and in relation to treatment, 66% of cases received 3 doses of benzathine penicillin.
Effectiveness of remote dietary counseling intervention on cancer patients with enteral tube feeding undergoing chemotherapy
Authors: Nguyen Linh
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT Background: Hue Central Hospital is a special-grade central - level hospital that has been and is promoting comprehensive patient care. The teamwork between treating physicians, nursing care, clinical pharmacists and nutritionists has initially shown positive patient treatment outcomes. Recognizing that cancer patients frequently enter and exit the hospital between chemotherapy cycles, remote nutritional counseling intervention is an effective measure to help patients adhere to a reasonable diet at home and prepare their physical condition for the next chemotherapy cycle. Therefore, we conducted this study to evaluate the effectiveness of remote nutritional counseling intervention on cancer patients with enteral feeding undergoing chemotherapy at the Oncology Center, Hue Central Hospital.
Methods: A non - controlled interventional dietary study was conducted on 22 patients diagnosed with cancer and admitted for multiple chemotherapy cycles with enteral feeding indication at Hue Central Hospital Cancer Center from January to April 2024.
Results: The nutritional status characteristics of the study subjects according to the clinical index Albumin < 25g/L accounted for 4.5%; BMI < 18.5 accounted for 27.3% and 90.9% of patients were assessed as malnourished according to PG-SGA. After nutritional intervention, most patients had positive changes in anthropometric and clinical parameters (p > 0.05).
Conclusions: Remote home - based dietary intervention has demonstrated positive effects for patients.
Effects of online learning on mental health in nursing students: A systematic review
Authors: Nguyen Quyen
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Aim: This systematic review aims to explore the effect of online learning on mental health among nursing students.

Method: The systematic review was conducted for relevant articles published in all languages from 2014 to 2024 in four electronic databases (PubMed, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, MEDLINE). The search terms included ‘nursing student’, ‘online learning’, and ‘stress’. Studies that were randomized controlled trials or quasi-experimental studies were included.

Results: A total of 2099 articles were found in 4 databases, and 1 randomized control trial was included as the final result. The study results show that nursing students who received the virtual clinical simulation gained a higher anxiety level compared with those who joined the face - to - face program.

Conclusion: Online learning causes more anxiety for nursing students than the face - to - face program. However, more RCT or quasi - experimental studies are needed to confirm this conclusion more convincingly.
A Careful Examination of the Security and Traffic Effects Associated with the Vehicle Ad-hoc Network (VANET)
Authors: Wheeder Joseph , Ponnusamy Sivaram , Muqeem Mohammad , Bhaladhare Pawan R
Published: June 2024

During recent years, vehicular ad hoc networks, or VANETs, have emerged as one of the most exciting and difficult study fields. VANET is regarded as a subset of MANET, or mobile ad hoc network, which is primarily used on automobiles. With the use of traffic data, VANET hopes to supply an advanced Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) with a wealth of information. Mention how daily traffic data collection helps with transportation planning, particularly with regard to intra-city communication. Two of the main issues with the existing traffic system are jams in traffic and accidents. Around the world, numerous people lose their lives or suffer severe injuries in traffic accidents each year. Human lives on the road are directly impacted by these issues. VANET can help to avert these mishaps and facilitate the efficient operation of daily traffic. Furthermore, VANET offers a plethora of intriguing applications, including real-time traffic condition monitoring, dynamic route scheduling, blind crossing prevention, safety, and more. In addition, there are certain drawbacks in terms of traffic and security. The absence of a centralised infrastructure in VANET is one of the main security issues. One of the most difficult jobs in the resultant decentralised and self- organizing VANETs is the administration of the wireless channel to make an efficient use of its capacity because there is no centralised infrastructure in charge of synchronisation and coordination of transmissions. VANET is primarily used to lower the risk of accidents in urban areas with a high volume and complexity of vehicles. We introduce the VANET Security R&D Ecosystem and examine traffic in this article. The four main components of the R&D ecosystem are end customers, government agencies, automakers, and university research. Every facet of VANET is covered in detail. Our study primarily focuses on the security and traffic within VANETs, including how data is safeguarded from vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V), vehicle-to-roadside infrastructure communications devices (V2I), access points, and other sources.