bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Avaliação da estabilidade físico-química da forma farmacéutica adaptada de uso oral do micofenolato de mofetila
Authors: GRESELE Livian Nathaly , SOUZA Gisele Mendes , CARLOTTO Juliane , SOUZA Lauro Mera , VEIGA Alan Almeida , BELLETTI Klézia Morais
Published: December 2024

Objetivo: Avaliar a estabilidade físico-química da suspensão oral adaptada de comprimidos de micofenolato de mofetila desenvolvida por um hospital universitário no Paraná, a fim de determinar a concentração de princípio ativo presente na suspensão oral no decorrer do tempo, avaliar a homogeneidade da concentração do fármaco durante a administração das doses e estabelecer um prazo de validade condizente com a estabilidade da forma farmacêutica adaptada. Método: Utilizou-se comprimidos de micofenolato de mofetila para manipular suspensões em duas concentrações diferentes - 50 mg/mL e 100 mg/mL – utilizando-se sorbitol e água como veículos (1:1) e adicionando um flavorizante. A análise cromatográfica das amostras foi realizada nos tempos (T): T0h, T24h, T48h, T120h e T168h. As condições cromatográficas utilizadas para a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram adaptadas da United States Pharmacopeia. Resultados: O desvio padrão relativo médio dos três lotes analisados em cada tempo e concentração teve uma variação de 6 a 18%, estabelecendo uma variabilidade aceitável nos dados obtidos, mas sinalizando a não homogeneidade do ati;vo na suspensão. Na análise cromatográfica, os valores de concentração do fármaco obtidos nas formulações foram satisfatórios para todos os tempos analisados, sendo os valores do T0h, T24h, T48h, T120h e T168h, respectivamente, 100%, 99.3%, 97.2%, 106.6% e 96,8%. Não foram observadas alterações físicas durante o período analisado. A formulação apresentou estabilidade físico-química em frasco de vidro âmbar, ao abrigo da luz e em temperatura ambiente por 7 dias. Conclusão: Foi possível a validação da estabilidade das formulações propostas de sete dias em temperatura ambiente e em frasco de vidro âmbar. Destaca-se a relevância do desenvolvimento de mais estudos acerca de formulações líquidas orais adaptadas a partir dos comprimidos de micofenolato de mofetila.
Análise das notificações de eventos adversos relacionados a medicamentos em um hospital público brasileiro
Authors: SANTOS Larissa Duarte , MORAES Helena Márcia , FERREIRA Cassia Lima , RODRIGUES Gabriela Guimarães , NASCIMENTO Mariana Gonzaga , BERTOLLO Caryne Margotto
Published: December 2024

Objetivo: descrever os eventos adversos relacionados a medicamentos (EAM) notificados à Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (Anvisa) por um hospital público da Rede Sentinela de Belo Horizonte. Método: trata-se de estudo observacional descritivo, no qual foram analisadas as notificações de EAM completas, realizadas pela Comissão Permanente de Gerenciamento de Risco Sanitário Hospitalar no VigiMed, entre janeiro de 2021 a maio de 2022. Os EAM notificados foram descritos de acordo com sua distribuição mensal, por setor e, também, conforme sua classificação como reação adversa a medicamento (RAM) ou erro de medicação. Os medicamentos envolvidos nas notificações foram classificados de acordo com o primeiro nível da Classificação Anatômico Terapêutico Químico (Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical) (ATC) da Organização Mundial de Saúde. Resultados: Foram analisadas 74 notificações, com mediana de cinco notificações a cada mês, sendo 14 (18,9%) classificadas como RAM; sete (9,4%) como erros de prescrição; 11 (14,9%) como erros de dispensação e 42 (56,8%) como erros de administração. Os setores com maior número de notificações foram a unidade de internação-enfermaria, oncologiaambulatório e farmácia. A classe de medicamentos mais envolvida nos EAM foi “Sangue e Órgãos hemoformadores” (20,3%), seguida por “Anti-infecciosos para uso sistêmico” (18,9%). Conclusão: Neste estudo foram descritos, de forma qualitativa e quantitativa, os EAM notificados à Anvisa em um hospital público da Rede Sentinela de Belo Horizonte. A maioria dos EAM foram erros na administração de medicamentos e houve número reduzido de notificações de RAM. A análise dessas notificações pode auxiliar a instituição na tomada de decisões, na adoção de medidas preventivas e corretivas a fim de promover melhorias no processo de implementação do protocolo de segurança na prescrição, uso e administração de medicamentos. É importante estimular a cultura da notificação, para melhor conhecer os danos relacionados a cadeia medicamentosa e atuar de maneira efetiva com o objetivo de reduzi-los.
Linear controller for wheel loader trajectory tracking
Authors: Gurko Oleksandr , Kyrychenko Igor , Verbitsky Viktor
Published: December 2024

The paper proposes a trajectory-tracking controller for an autonomous small-sized skidsteer wheel loader. The control system consists of two parts: feedforward control and feedback control. The open loop control uses the wheel loader desired velocities and accelerations. The feedback controller is a state-space feedback controller based on a linearized kinematic model.
The role of prosody in non-verbal communication
Authors: Lukianenko Nataliia
Published: December 2024

This article examines the critical role of prosody in non-verbal communication, focusing on its impact on emotional expression and interpersonal interactions. Prosody encompasses elements such as pitch, rhythm, and intonation, which collectively convey meaning beyond the literal content of speech. Through a comprehensive review of existing literature and empirical investigations, this study highlights how variations in prosodic features influence the interpretation of messages in diverse contexts. The findings demonstrate that prosody is essential for conveying emotions, clarifying intentions, and enhancing social connections among speakers. Additionally, the research underscores the importance of considering cultural differences in prosodic interpretation, revealing that listeners’ backgrounds can significantly shape their understanding of emotional tones. The article concludes by suggesting future research avenues to further explore the nuances of prosodic communication across different languages and settings, emphasizing the need for interdisciplinary approaches to deepen our understanding of this complex aspect of human interaction.
Possibilities of Using Integrated Intelligence in Managing Educational Processes in Higher Education Institutions
Authors: Shevchenko Viktoriia , Meteshkin Konstantin
Published: December 2024

Abstract. Problem. In light of modern innovations in the field of higher education, the task of creating a model of a system for supporting educational processes is one of the urgent tasks of digitalization of education, and is considered not only as a task of developing the practice of strategic management in universities, but also as a system for supporting decision-making to regulate the experience and expectations of students. At the same time, there are many promising technologies based on the use of integrated intelligence to improve the teaching and learning process and ensure quality education. However, it has not yet been clearly defined which specific tasks for organizing the learning process can be effectively delegated to models endowed with artificial intelligence. Goal. The goal is to justify the delegation of the performance of individual components of the work of university departments to an artificial intelligence system. Methodology. Methods of analysis, synthesis and decomposition were used to identify the constituent components of the university division's work. The method of graphical modeling was used to construct the structural and functional diagram of the university division. When formalizing the work of the university department as a complex system, quantitative and qualitative evaluation methods were used. Results.The conducted analysis of the department's work determines the directions of formalization of the department's work processes with the aim of intellectualization of work processes based on integrated intelligent systems. The concept of creating a support system for the department's educational processes based on integrated intelligence is proposed to optimize the department's work and improve the quality of education. Originality. A system of support of educational processes (SSEP) based on integrated intelligence is proposed. The basis of the SSEP of the university should be the SSEP of the department as the main division of the university. This system should have multifunctionality and be, on the one hand, a tool for organizing and managing the department for the head of the department, and on the other hand, a means for implementing functional responsibilities for scientific and pedagogical workers. For students and postgraduates, the SSEP should allow achieving educational and scientific goals. In addition, the SSEP of the department should have the ability to store innovative solutions proposed at the department, control the success of the functions of scientific and pedagogical workers, as well as communication with the highest SSEP of the university. Practical value. The implementation of a system to support the educational processes of the department based on integrated intelligence will optimize the work of all department employees and create a basis for improving the quality of higher education.
Effect of magnetic field on mass transfer at esa
Authors: Pereteatcu Pavel , Ojegov Alexandr , Cracan Cornel
Published: December 2024

The study analyzed the effect of magnetic field (value and direction) on mass transfer at electro-spark alloying (ESA). It was experimentally established the increase the productivity of ESA process by additional action of the magnetic field.
Determination of performance properties of galvanic coatings based on cobalt
Authors: Nenastina Tetiana , Sakhnenko Nikolai
Published: December 2024

Abstract. Problem. An effective solution to the problem of the durability of construction materials is the application of protective coatings, which allow tosignificantly expand the scope of use and service life of products. The purpose of the work was to determine the performance characteristics of electrolytic coatings with Co-Ni-Zr alloy, namely adhesion and microhardness. Methodology The microhardness of the coatings was determined by the indentation depth of the diamond pyramid. Coating adhesion was determined by the fracture method. The chemical composition of the obtained coatings was determined by the X-ray fluorescence method using the SPRUT portable spectrometer. The analysis was carried out at least in 3 points with subsequent averaging of the obtained values. Electrodeposition was carried out with a unipolar current in stationary and pulsed modes (ti/tр=2/2) while varying the current density. Originality. There are no signs of delamination of the coatings on the sandpaper, which emphasizes strong adhesion to the base. The results of metallographic studies proved that Co-Ni-Zr coatings have good adhesion to the substrate material and retain it under mechanical loads. The highest value of microhardness – 850.0 MPa was obtained in the galvanostatic mode at i = = 6 A/dm2, while the zirconium content in the alloy is 1.5 wt.%. From the results of the experiments, it can be concluded that the zirconium content does not affect the microhardness of the Co-Ni-Zr coating. When the current density increases, the microhardness of the deposit decreases, which can be explained by reaching the maximum density of the deposition current. The optimal deposition current density for the galvanostatic mode is 6 A/dm2, pulsed 6 A/dm2 for obtaining coatings with high microhardness
Artificial Intelligence in the Educational Process of Students of Specialty 132 Material Science
Authors: Sazanishvili Zoia , Matsiuk Iryna , Verner Illia
Published: December 2024

Abstract. Problem. A current problem in recent years is an increase in interest in artificial intelligence, which is due to a significant increase in the power of computing equipment, as well as the availability of data through the global Internet network. The use of artificial intelligence is observed in many fields, in particular in materials science. Today, in the educational process, the issues of creating new materials, predicting properties, additional generation of design features of products are also being solved with the help of artificial intelligence. Goal. The goal of the research in the paper is to demonstrate the use of artificial intelligence in the educational process for students of higher education in the specialty 132 Materials science on the example of teaching the discipline of the selective block "Artificial intelligence in educational technologies". Methodology. Research methods for the application of the platform offer the opportunity to visualize the atomic structures of materials in a three-dimensional format. It helps students analyze material geometry, symmetry, and the spatial arrangement of atoms. Originality. The Materials Project platform is a powerful tool for analyzing and predicting material properties. Due to the fact that it is based on machine learning and provides open online access to the material base, this platform is promising for implementation in the practical activities of students within the discipline "Artificial Intelligence in Educational Technologies". Practical value. The practical training tasks described, which help to acquire the skills of materials scientists, may be used in the field of materials science and related disciplines in the future. The use of software products, in particular the Materials Project database, for the analysis of physico-chemical and mechanical properties of materials is demonstrated.
Construction of the regression model of the specific air consumption for an automobile pneumoengine
Authors: Filatova Ganna , Varavina Olena , Nikitchenko Ihor , Teslenko Eduard , Krugovij Andrij , Sozykin Mykhailo
Published: December 2024

Abstract. Problem. The object of the investigation is a detailed assessment of the cost-effectiveness of the PD and the selection of optimal valve openingclosing settings. The method of this work was based on a series of rapid indicators and indicator diagrams of PD, determined by the extremum of the multifactorial occurrence of this PD. Methodology. To achieve the goal of the current task: the duty of the parameter – at the business indicator flow of the PD simultaneously from four independent changes (the valves of the inlet and outlet no valves). Weekly graph of universally wideranging characteristics, plotted as a result of projection onto the XY area (φ vpn, φ vpk, φ vpn, φ vpk) from cross-sections of the surface gi = f (φ) for given values of gi in trivial room space gi , φ vpn, φ vpk, φвипн, φвипк. The subject of investigation is the interconnections between the indicator and the pressure of the compressed air and the opening-closing of the PD valves. Goal. based on a series of speed characteristics and indicator diagrams of PD, determination of the extremum of the multifactorial dependence of this PD. Task. construction of the dependence of the parameter – the specific indicator air flow of the PD simultaneously on four independent variables (opening-closing angles of the intake and exhaust valves). Construction of a graph of universal multiparameter characteristics, determination of the mutual influence of the studied factors and their projection on the XY plane Results. As a result of the research carried out to determine the optimal modes of the PD robot, it was established that the curves of the compressed wind indicator power consumption can be adequately described using a regression model of another stage of the cutter function. This is the closing of the intake and exhaust valves, which is an important result. A model of a different order has been removed, which is a real advantage, and in work, a number of works have similar directness. Originality. Proposal method for determining the extremum of the pet's indicator waste of the compressed area. This is the goal of conducting an extreme experiment to induce a rich factor function due to the upcoming resolution of the problem of insane optimization with the use of the simplex method. Practical value. Among the parameters for assessing the technical level of PD, the level of the minimum feed indicator value of the compressed air from the point of opening - closing of the valves is determined
New insulating hydrocarbon materials for protection oil and gas pipelines from corrosion
Authors: Gaipov А.Y. , Grigorov A.B.
Published: December 2024

The article provides an overview of sources devoted to the issue of passive corrosion protection of gas and oil pipelines by applying coatings represented by insulating hydrocarbon materials (IHM) to their surface. Basic requirements for their properties are formulated, compliance with which guarantees effective protection of the metal surface of the pipes, which contributes to ensuring their reliability during operation. The effectiveness of application and the main shortcomings of each of the IHMs, which are currently quite widely used in the industry of Ukraine, are analyzed. Based on this, the main direction of scientific research related to the creation of new composites, which will be characterized by a high level of operational properties, low cost, and their actual production, will contribute to the improvement of the ecological situation in the country, has been chosen. Such results can be achieved by using secondary raw materials – production and consumption waste – as raw materials for the technological process of the production of IHM. A universal formula of insulating hydrocarbon materials is proposed, which includes a hydrocarbon base, a modifier of this base, and an activating substance. In view of this, the following were chosen as the most promising components of IHM from among the secondary raw materials: for the hydrocarbon base – spent petroleum products, oil sludge, acid tars, tar-asphaltenic substances, substandard products of oil refining and coke chemical production; for modifiers – polymers, cellulose, rubber, hydrocarbon solvents; for activating substances – salts of higher primary, secondary and tertiary aliphatic amines, amidoamines, tetrasubstituted ammonium bases, higher carboxylic acids, salts (soaps) of heavy and alkaline earth metals of higher carboxylic acids. According to the IHM formula, an algorithm for determining and selecting raw materials is presented, which allows implementing a systematic approach to the development of new highly effective types of materials for the protection of gas and oil pipelines. Keywords: pipelines, corrosion, insulating hydrocarbon materials, protective coatings, secondary raw materials, petroleum products, coal pitch, polymers, rubber crumb, tar-asphaltic substances. Corresponding author A.B. Grigorov, e-mail: grigorovandrey@ukr.net
Technological basis of production of insulating hydrocarbon materials for corrosion protection of oil- and gaspipelines
Authors: Gaipov А.Y. , Grigorov A.B.
Published: December 2024

The article presents the results of theoretical and experimental research on the development of an energy-efficient technology for the production of new insulating hydrocarbon materials (IHM), which will be used as coatings for protection against corrosive destruction of gas and oil pipelines. It was determined that the use of secondary raw materials is the most rational way that will allow to reduce costs in the production of IHM and, at the same time, to improve the ecological situation in the country. Spent petroleum products, non-standard coke chemical production products, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) waste, tar-asphaltic substances, spent polymer products, spent automobile tires, secondary cellulose, liquid products of pyrolysis of polymer and rubber raw materials should be considered quite promising secondary raw materials for the production of IHM. The key points in the production of IHM, which will allow obtaining a final product with a predicted level of operational properties, are the definition and selection of raw materials, the preparation of raw materials for processing and the variation of technological parameters during processing itself (modification of the hydrocarbon base with modifiers and activating substances). Within this approach, the main requirements for secondary raw materials are formulated, which allow to produce IHM without excessive load on oil refinery equipment. A graphic interpretation of the formation of the protective properties of IHM and a scheme for the production of IHM based on secondary raw materials are presented, using which it is possible to obtain IHM with fairly wide temperature limits of its use (-30 ÷ +120 °С) and other quality indicators that meet the requirements for modern insulating materials. Keywords: corrosive destruction, insulating hydrocarbon materials, secondary raw materials, spent petroleum products, oil sludge, sour tar, tar-asphaltic substances, coal pitch, polymers, rubber crumb. Corresponding author A.B. Grigorov, e-mail: grigorovandrey@ukr.net
Effect of Ropivacaine Epidural Block Combined with General Anesthesia on the Expression of Oxidative Stress and Immune Indexes in Elderly Patients with Ovarian Cancer Cell Cytoreductive Surgery
Authors: Yang Jianmei , Xu Xiaoyan , Guo Lijun , Yan Yuxuan , Liu Huiling
Published: December 2024

Background: Perioperative oxidative stress (OS) and immunosuppression can increase the risk of tumor metastasis and diminish treatment efficacy in ovarian cancer (OC). To enhance the efficiency of cytoreductive surgery (CS) and reduce surgical risks, the combination of ropivacaine epidural block (REB) with general anesthesia (GA) has emerged as a novel regimen, particularly for elderly patients undergoing OC surgery. However, there is limited research on the effectiveness of this protocol, underscoring the need for comprehensive investigation. This study aims to evaluate the impact of REB combined with GA on oxidative stress and immune parameters in elderly patients undergoing cytoreductive surgery for OC. Methods: Out of 124 eligible patients undergone OC cytoreductive surgery at Lanzhou First People’s Hospital (June 2022–December 2023), 79 patients received intravenous general anesthesia and 45 patients received ropivacaine epidural block combined with general anesthesia. Propensity score matching yielded 45 pairs. 45 patients given intravenous general anesthesia were included to the control group (CG), while 45 patients used ropivacaine epidural block combined with general anesthesia were included to the study group (SG). Perioperative recovery was assessed at multiple time points: 30 minutes preoperatively, during anesthesia induction, and at 5 and 30 minutes post-induction, as well as upon surgery completion. The parameters assessed included heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), C-reactive protein (CRP), OS indicators (cortisol, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha [TNF-α]), and immune indicators (T lymphocyte subsets). Postoperative analgesic efficacy was measured using the visual analogue scale (VAS) and Bromage score. Additionally, adverse reactions within 48 hours post-surgery were monitored. Results: The SG exhibited significantly shorter times to respiratory recovery, awakening, and extubation, as well as a reduced need for remedial analgesia compared to the CG (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the SG demonstrated significant improvements in MAP, HR, OS markers, and immune parameters, alongside better VAS, and Bromage scores relative to the CG (p < 0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions was also lower in the SG (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The combination of REB with GA effectively shortens recovery times, reduces oxidative stress and immune suppression, enhances postoperative analgesia, and decreases the incidence of side effects. This regimen thereby ensures higher safety and improved outcomes in elderly patients undergoing surgery for ovarian cancer.
Dose a Bladder Volume of 200 mL Generate Greater Urethral Mobility at Valsalva Movement in Female Patients with Stress Urinary Incontinence?
Authors: Xiao Ning , Gao Li , Yao Xiangxi , Gao Xiaohua , Tang Qi , Pan Gaoyu , Wei Kailu , Zhao Huasheng , Wang Jianfeng
Published: December 2024

Background: Failure to standardize bladder volume in the evaluation of stress urinary incontinence (SUI) may be a contributing factor to the controversy surrounding the diagnostic and prognostic efficacy of urodynamic studies (UDS) in female patients with SUI. This study was conducted to explore the effects of bladder volume on the urethral mobility in female patients with SUI under increased intra-abdominal pressure. Methods: This prospective study enrolled uncomplicated female patients with SUI admitted to the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University and Shaoyang Central Hospital, between January 2021 and January 2024. Relative bladder neck descent (BND), urethral inclination angle (UTA), urethral rotation angle (URA), and posterior urethrovesical angle (PUVA) were compared across different bladder volumes (100 mL, 200 mL, and 300 mL) at resting state or 90 cm H2O of intravesical pressure, generated by Valsava movement, using sonography videourodynamic studies (SVUDS). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare numerical data of parameters with a normal distribution. Results: 62 patients were enrolled in this study. There was not a significant difference in UTA and PUVA among the various bladder volumes (100 mL, 200 mL, and 300 mL) at resting state (all p >0.05). However, higher BND (2.23 ± 0.73 cm), UTA (44.7 ± 17.1°), URA (29.4 ± 16.0°), and PUVA (148.7 ± 21.4°) were determined at a bladder volume of 200 mL with the Valsalva movement (VM) reaching 90 cm H2O of intravesical pressure, compared to 100 mL (1.89 ± 0.74 cm, 38.1 ± 17.9°, 23.0 ± 15.5°, and 139.3 ± 19.8°) and 300 mL (1.85 ± 0.74 cm, 37.6 ± 18.8°, 23.8 ± 13.5°, and 143.4 ± 20.8°) (all p <0.05), except for PUVA between 200 mL and 300 mL (p = 0.161). Conclusions: Higher values of BND, UTA, URA, and PUVA at a bladder volume of 200 mL in the Valsalva state of female patients with SUI, compared to 100 mL and 300 mL, suggest that capacity of 200 mL should be standardized for evaluating female SUI.
Extended Survival and Prognostic Factors in Endometrial Cancer: A Multivariate Cox Regression Analysis
Authors: Téllez Irene Valencia , Zamora Laura De Pablo , Lara María Castillo , Flores Claudia Vivas , Reina Carlos Vega , Alba Juan Jesús Fernández
Published: December 2024

Background: Endometrial cancer (EC) is the third most prevalent neoplasm among women in Spain and the most frequent malignancy of the female genital tract. The primary risk factors are associated with increased estrogen levels. The objective of our study is to determine the current specific progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients with EC at the University Hospital of Puerto Real. Additionally, we aim to understand the independent role of specific factors in the risk of recurrence and mortality from EC through a multivariate analysis. Methods: A retrospective observational survival analysis of a case series was conducted. The study population included all women diagnosed and treated for EC in Spain between January 2010 and December 2021. The Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression analysis were performed to evaluate survival based on patient age, tumor stage, histological type, and degree of differentiation, and to quantify survival probabilities for each factor. Results: A total of 324 patients were included. The PFS was 86.6% at 5 years and 81.1% at 10 years. The OS was 91.3% at 5 years and 84.8% at 10 years. The tumor-related mortality rate was 9.3% (N = 30) and the tumor recurrence rate was 5.6% (N = 18). The estimated median follow-up using the inverse Kaplan-Meier method was 4.33 years (95% confidence interval (95% CI): 3.72–4.94) for OS and 4.57 years (95% CI: 4.05–5.09) for PFS. The statistically significant factors affecting PFS and OS were age ≥60 years at diagnosis, advanced International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage (II–IV), non-endometrioid tumor, high tumor grade, and lymphovascular space invasion. Multivariate Cox regression analysis shows that being 60 years or older at the time of diagnosis, advanced FIGO stages, high tumor grade, and serous-papillary tumors are independent risk factors for recurrence or death in EC. Conclusions: Our study shows that being 60 years or older at the time of diagnosis, advanced FIGO stages (II–IV), non-endometrioid EC, higher histological tumor grade, and lymphovascular space invasion are associated with lower OS and PFS. Additionally, multivariate Cox analysis suggests that age ≥60 years at diagnosis, advanced FIGO stages, high tumor grade, and serous-papillary histological type are independent prognostic factors influencing survival and recurrence in EC. This study should serve as a foundation for further research, incorporating relevant aspects of the molecular biology of EC to refine patient prognosis.
Comparing Short and Long Oocyte-Sperm Co-Incubation Periods on in Vitro Developmental Outcomes
Authors: Cao Fang , Li Lingjun , Dai Xiuliang , Xia Xiyang , Chen Li , Wang Yufeng
Published: December 2024

Background: This study aimed to compare the effects of different gamete co-incubation times on fertilization, embryo development potential, along with clinical outcomes. Methods: The study included 530 cycles with short co-incubation times (4–6 hours), referred to as the S group, and 1653 cycles with long co-incubation times (16–24 hours), referred to as the L group, all undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) without rescue intracytoplasmic sperm injection (R-ICSI). The study analyzed the basic characteristics and clinical outcomes of these two groups. Additionally, the study stratified the cycles based on the number of oocytes retrieved and performed multivariate logistic regression analysis with the normal fertilization (two pronuclei, 2PN) rate as the dependent variable and co-incubation time as the main independent variable. The study also examined 79 partial short co-incubation cycles, dividing them into a short co-incubation part (10 oocytes) and a long co-incubation part (the remaining oocytes), to analyze embryo developmental parameters. Results: There were no significant differences in the rates of top-quality blastocyst formation, clinical pregnancy, and implantation between the two groups (p > 0.05). 2PN rate in S group was slightly lower than in L group (68.06% vs. 71.08%, p < 0.01). After stratifying by the number of oocytes obtained, multiple logistic regression analysis demonstrated no significant correlation between co-incubation time and 2PN rate (p > 0.05). In the 79 partial short co incubation cycles, there were no significant differences in the rates of 2PN oocytes, ≥3PN (3 pronuclei) oocytes, top-quality cleavage embryos, and top-quality blastocysts on Day 5/Day 6 between the two parts (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Short oocyte-sperm co-incubation is an effective strategy in preventing fertilization failure. Short and long oocyte-sperm co-incubation times have similar outcomes on in vitro development.
Targeting APC/CCDC20 by Pro-TAME Suppresses Tumor Proliferation and Induces Apoptosis in Endometrial Carcinoma
Authors: Fang Fang , Ni Ke
Published: December 2024

Background: Anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) is a multi-subunit E3 ubiquitin ligase that recruits substrates for ubiquitination and subsequent degradation. As one of the two co-activators of APC/C, cell division cycle protein 20 (CDC20) plays a crucial role in cell cycle regulation. The objective of our study was to explore the therapeutic potential of targeting APC/CCDC20 in endometrial carcinoma (EC). Methods: We performed comprehensive bioinformatics analysis to screen novel targets for EC treatment. The expression of CDC20 in normal endometrial and EC tissues was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. We treated EC cells with varying concentrations of APC/C inhibitors and evaluated their effects on cell proliferation and apoptosis using Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and flow cytometry analysis. We performed wound healing and transwell assays to evaluate the migration ability of EC cell lines. Results: CDC20 was identified as a potential therapeutic target for EC. We found that the expression level of CDC20 in EC tissue is significantly higher than in nonmalignant tissue. Treatment with pro-Tosyl-L-Arginine Methyl Ester (TAME) inhibited the proliferation of EC cells in a time- and dose-dependent pattern. High concentrations of pro-TAME induced apoptosis in EC cells. Furthermore, the inhibitory effects of pro-TAME on EC cells were amplified by the co-addition of Apcin at low concentrations. However, treatment with pro-TAME did not affect the migratory ability of EC cells. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that the inhibition of APC/CCDC20 by pro-TAME, in combination with Apcin, may represent a promising approach for the treatment of EC that warrants further investigation.
Clinical Features, Predictive Markers and Maternal Fetal Outcomes in an Analysis of Acute Pancreatitis in Pregnancy: A Retrospective Multicenter Study
Authors: Lun Jiarong , Li Ruirui , Li Zhongjun , Ye Yuting , Qiu Di , He Fang , Jin Jin
Published: December 2024

Background: Acute pancreatitis in pregnancy (APIP) is a rare but life-threatening complication for both mother and fetus. The purpose of this study was to describe the etiology, clinical indices, early predictive markers and maternal fetal outcomes of APIP. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 52 APIP cases treated at the 5 tertiary care centers from January 2017 to December 2021 in Guangdong, China. We analyzed the etiology, vital signs, laboratory indices, predictive markers and long-term outcomes of APIP. Results: The most common causes of APIP were hypertriglyceridemia (36.5%) and biliary disease (26.9%). Heart rate (HR), white blood cell count, the percentage of blood neutrophils, serum glucose and triglycerides were correlated with the severity of APIP. The ability of HR to predict severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) was highest. There were no maternal deaths reported. The overall fetal mortality rate was 7.7% and 62.5% experienced neonatal asphyxia in SAP. Apgar scores among newborns of mild acute pancreatitis (MAP) were not different. Conclusions: The most frequent cause of APIP has changed and hypertriglyceridemia was the most common cause of APIP. The initial HR recorded after admission might be the new predictor of SAP. The severity of APIP was associated with higher risk of neonatal asphyxia. For MAP patients, conservative treatment was also desirable.
Cost Analysis of Lymphadenectomy and Lymphedema One Year after Surgery for Endometrial Cancer: A Prospective Longitudinal Observational Multicenter Study
Authors: Wedin Madelene , Davidson Thomas , Lundin Evelyn , Stålberg Karin , Marcickiewicz Janusz , Lindahl Gabriel , Wodlin Ninnie Borendal , Kjølhede Preben
Published: December 2024

Background: Since the therapeutic effect of lymphadenectomy on long-term survival in endometrial cancer treatment is disputed, a health economic evaluation of lymphadenectomy is important. The primary aim was to evaluate the direct hospital-related and health care-related costs of lymphadenectomy one year after surgery for endometrial cancer. A secondary aim was to evaluate the costs for lymphedema. Methods: This was a prospective longitudinal observational multicenter study. Fifteen Swedish hospitals participated: four university, seven central and four county hospitals. Women with presumed early-stage endometrial cancer assigned for primary surgery were eligible for the study. Between June 2014 and January 2018, 116 women, categorized as having high-risk endometrial cancer, underwent surgery with lymphadenectomy, and 119 categorized as having low-risk endometrial cancer had surgery without lymphadenectomy. The calculations of costs followed the structure of a cost analysis. Results: Lymphadenectomy increased the total costs for surgery within one year after surgery compared with treatment without lymphadenectomy by 71%, (mean (standard deviation) 118,205 Swedish crowns (SEK) (43,116 SEK) vs. 70,451 SEK (31,138 SEK)). The total hospital costs for those who developed lymphedema were 25% higher than for those without lymphedema (115,099 SEK (44,593 SEK) vs. 91,793 SEK (44,062 SEK)). Conclusions: Lymphadenectomy in the treatment of endometrial cancer increased hospital costs significantly. The hospital costs for the primary treatment of endometrial cancer for those who developed lymphedema one year after surgery were moderately higher than for those who did not, mainly due to higher surgical costs for lymphadenectomy, more unplanned outpatient visits, and readmissions that required surgery. Clinical Trial registration: The study has been registered on https://classic.clinicaltrials.gov/ (registration number: NCT02115477).
Risk Factors and Severity Indicators of Female Pelvic Organ Prolapse: Insights from a Comprehensive Retrospective Study with a Large Sample Size
Authors: Li Qiao , Niu Xiaoyu , Chen Yueyue , Luo Can , Zhang Yueting , Meng Jian , Wei Dongmei
Published: December 2024

Background: Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a common condition worldwide, predominantly affecting middle-aged and elderly postmenopausal women. However, its pathogenesis, etiology, and associated risk factors remain unclear. This study aimed to analyze the distribution of POP severity stages, identify associated risk factors, and explore its underlying pathogenesis to develop strategies for early prevention and intervention. Methods: This retrospective study included all patients diagnosed with POP using the pelvic organ prolapse quantification (POP-Q) system at the outpatient clinic of West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, between January 2015 and January 2019. A univariate Chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed to evaluate the relationships between the identified factors. Results: Among 9569 patients with anterior vaginal wall prolapse, the severity was distributed as follows: grade I (38.52%), grade II (60.70%), grade III (0.77%), and grade IV (0.01%). Among the 9495 patients with posterior vaginal wall prolapse, the severity was distributed as follows: grade I (90.37%), grade II (9.47%), and grade III (0.16%). Among the 932 patients with uterine prolapse, the severity was distributed as follows: grade I (85.84%), grade II (5.36%), grade III (7.62%), and grade IV (1.18%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified several significant risk factors associated with the progression of anterior vaginal wall prolapse, including advanced maternal age (AMA) (≥35 years), body mass index (BMI) (≥25 kg/m2), parity (≥2), and vaginal delivery (p < 0.05). For posterior vaginal wall prolapse, significant risk factors included AMA (≥35 years), BMI (≥25 kg/m2), manual labor, and vaginal delivery (p < 0.001). Additionally, AMA (≥35 years) was identified as a significant risk factor for the progression of uterine prolapse (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Grade II prolapse was most commonly observed in the anterior vaginal wall, whereas grade I prolapse predominantly occurred in the posterior vaginal wall. Key risk factors for POP include childbearing age, parity, BMI, and mode of delivery, with AMA identified as independent risk factors. Vaginal delivery specifically increases the likelihood of vaginal prolapse, while occupations involving prolonged physical labor correlate with a higher incidence of posterior vaginal wall prolapse. Based on the identified risk factors, targeted prevention and intervention measures are recommended to facilitate early identification and reduce the incidence of POP.
Cytoprotective Effects and Intranuclear Localization of Sulfur-Containing Derivative of Buckminsterfullerene
Authors: Kostyuk Svetlana V. , Malinovskaya Elena M. , Umriukhin Pavel E. , Proskurnina Elena V. , Ershova Elizaveta S. , Kameneva Larisa V. , Savinova Ekaterina A. , Kostyuk Svetlana E. , Voronov Ilya I. , Kraevaya Olga A. , Troshin Pavel A. , Salimova Tatyana A. , Kutsev Sergey I. , Veiko Natalia N.
Published: December 2024

Background: There is a growing interest in exploring the biological characteristics of nanoparticles and exploring their potential applications. However, there is still a lack of research into the potential genotoxicity of fullerene derivatives and their impact on gene expression in human cells. In this study, we investigated the effects of a water-soluble fullerene derivative, C60[C6H4SCH2COOK]5H (F1), on human embryonic lung fibroblasts (HELF). Methods: 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) test was used to study the cytotoxicity of F1; reactive oxygen species (ROS) level was determined with 2,7-DCFH-DA; gene expression level was evaluated by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR); protein expression level was determined by flow cytofluorometry; fluorescence microscopy was used for visualization; Mann-Whitney statistical U-test was used for data processing. The differences were considered significant at p < 0.01. Results: F1 at a concentration of 0.3 mg/mL causes a short-term (up to 1 hour) increase in the number of double-strand breaks and oxidative DNA damage in HELF. Within 1 to 24 hours, F1 penetrates through the cell and nuclear membrane of HELF and localizes in the nucleus. In this case, the response of cells to DNA damage is activated: the functional activity of DNA repair genes, antioxidant and anti-apoptotic genes is increased within 24 hours. Due to the processes of activation of cell division and inhibition of apoptosis, an increase in the population of HELF cells in the presence of the fullerene derivative F1 is observed. F1 has a stabilizing effect on cell nuclei under the action of 1 Gy radiation. Conclusions: An increase in antioxidant protection, activation of repair genes, anti-apoptotic genes, progression of the cell cycle, and a decrease in the level of oxidative damage, and DNA breaks in cells indicates the cytoprotective properties of F1.
Shared Gene Expression Dysregulation Across Subtypes of Sanfilippo and Morquio Diseases: The Role of PFN1 in Regulating Glycosaminoglycan Levels
Authors: Wiśniewska Karolina , Żabińska Magdalena , Gaffke Lidia , Szulc Aneta , Walter Beata M. , Węgrzyn Grzegorz , Pierzynowska Karolina
Published: December 2024

Background: Mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) is a class of hereditary metabolic diseases that demonstrate itself by accumulating incompletely degraded glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). MPS are classified according to the kind(s) of stored GAG(s) and specific genetic/enzymatic defects. Despite the accumulation of the same type of GAG, two MPS diseases, Sanfilippo (MPS III) and Morquio (MPS IV), are further distinguished into subclasses based on different enzymes that are deficient. Although genetic defects in MPS are known, molecular mechanisms of particular MPS types are still incomplete. This work aimed to investigate gene expression patterns in MPS III and MPS IV subtypes to identify dysregulated genes that could indicate unidentified molecular mechanisms of the diseases. Methods: Transcriptomic analyses were conducted to assess gene expression patterns in MPS and control cells. Western blotting and immunohistochemistry determined selected protein levels (products of the most significantly dysregulated genes). Effects of decreased levels of gene expression were investigated using small interferring RNA (siRNA)-mediated gene silencing. Results: Transcriptomic analyses indicated 45 commonly dysregulated genes among all MPS III subtypes and as many as 150 commonly dysregulated genes among both MPS IV subtypes. A few genes revealed particularly high levels of dysregulation, including PFN1, MFAP5, and MMP12. Intriguingly, elevated levels of profilin-1 (product of the PFN1 gene) could be reduced by decreasing GAG levels in genistein-treated MPS III and MPS IV cells, while silencing of PFN1 caused a significant decrease in GAG accumulation in these cells, indicating an interdependent correlation between profilin-1 and GAG levels. Conclusions: A plethora of commonly dysregulated genes were identified in MPS subtypes III and IV. Some of these genes, like PFN1, MFAP5, and MMP12, revealed highly pronounced changes in expression relative to control cells. An interdependent correlation between GAG levels and the expression of the PFN1 gene was identified. Thus, PFN1 could be suggested as a potential new therapeutic target for MPS III and IV.
Activated/Cycling Treg Deficiency and Mitochondrial Alterations in Immunological Non-Responders to Antiretroviral Therapy
Authors: Shmagel Konstantin , Saidakova Evgeniya , Korolevskaya Larisa , Vlasova Violetta , Younes Souheil-Antoine
Published: December 2024

Background: Regulatory T-cells (Tregs) play a crucial role in maintaining immune homeostasis, but their dynamics are altered in a subset of people living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) known as immunological non-responders (INRs). INRs fail to reconstitute CD4+ T-cell counts despite viral suppression. This study aimed to examine Treg dysregulation in INRs, comparing them to immunological responders (IRs) and healthy controls (HCs). Methods: The study included 40 INRs, 42 IRs, and 23 HCs. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated and analyzed by flow cytometry. Conventional CD4+ T-cells (Tconvs) were identified as CD25–/loFOXP3– cells, while Tregs were identified as CD25+CD127loFOXP3+ CD4+ T-cells. Cells were further divided into naive, central memory, effector memory, and effector memory cells re-expressing CD45RA (TEMRA) subsets. Activated/cycling cells were identified as CD71+ and quiescent cells were CD71–. Mitochondrial mass and transmembrane potential were measured using MitoTracker Green and MitoTracker Orange dyes, respectively. Statistical comparisons were made using the Kruskal-Wallis test with Dunn's post-hoc analysis and Mann-Whitney U-test. Results: INRs exhibited the highest frequencies of activated/cycling CD4+ T-cells. The proportion of activated/cycling cells was higher in Tregs compared to Tconvs in all groups. Cycling rates of Tregs and Tconvs were correlated, suggesting Tregs help control Tconv proliferation. Despite high overall Treg frequencies in INRs, they showed a Treg deficiency in activated/cycling CD4+ T-cells, specifically in naive and central memory subsets, causing an imbalance in the Tconv/Treg ratio. This deficiency was hidden by increased Treg frequencies in quiescent effector memory CD4+ T-cells. Activated/cycling naive and memory Tregs from INRs had normal forkhead box P3 (FOXP3) and CD25 expression, but activated/cycling memory Tregs showed decreased ability to regulate mitochondrial transmembrane potential, indicating impaired mitochondrial fitness. These mitochondrial abnormalities were similar to those observed in memory conventional T-cells. Conclusions: The complex Treg dysregulation in immunological non-responders involves quantitative and functional alterations, including a Treg deficiency within activated/cycling naive and central memory CD4+ T-cells, impaired mitochondrial fitness of activated/cycling memory Tregs, and functional disorders of the parent conventional T-lymphocytes. These findings underscore the need for a nuanced understanding of Treg dynamics in suboptimal CD4+ T-cell reconstitution during HIV-infection.
Addressing the Effect of Exercise on Glial Cells: Focus on Ependymal Cells
Authors: Maugeri Grazia , Amato Alessandra , Evola Giuseppe , D’Agata Velia , Musumeci Giuseppe
Published: December 2024

A growing body of research highlights the positive impact of regular physical activity on improving physical and mental health. On the other hand, physical inactivity is one of the leading risk factors for noncommunicable diseases and death worldwide. Exercise profoundly impacts various body districts, including the central nervous system. Here, overwhelming evidence exists that physical exercise affects neurons and glial cells, by promoting their interaction. Physical exercise directly acts on ependymal cells by promoting their proliferation and activation, maintaing brain homeostasis in healthy animals and promote locomotor recovery after spinal cord injury. This review aims to describe the main anatomical characteristics and functions of ependymal cells and provide an overview of the effects of different types of physical exercise on glial cells, focusing on the ependymal cells.