bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of tDCS Concurrent With VR-based Robot on Hemiplegic Upper Limb Function After Ischemic Stroke: A Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Guo Chuan , Geng Ayan , Sui Youxin , Zhu Shizhe , Wang Qinglei , Kan Chaojie , Xu Sheng , Zhuang Ren , Wang Tong , Shen Ying
Published: December 2023

Background
Upper limb hemiplegia faces the challenge of slow and difficult recovery. A “closed-loop method” based on brain plasticity has been proposed, combining central and peripheral interventions to enhance the upper limb function. Based on the theory, we aimed to investigate the effect of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) concurrent with virtual reality (VR)-based robot intervention on the enhancement of upper limb function recovery and the change of cortical excitability.
Methods
In this single-blinded, randomized, controlled clinical trial, 40 patients with subacute stroke were recruited and randomized to experimental (tDCS concurrent with VR-based robotic intervention) and control (sham tDCS concurrent with VR-based robotic intervention) groups. All patients received 15 sessions for 20 minutes per day. Outcome measures included the Fugl-Meyer Assessment Upper Limb Scale (FMA-UL), the Action Research Arm Test (ARAT), and activities of daily life (ADL).
Results
Thirty-four patients completed functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) examinations. Both groups showed meaningful enhancements in FMA-UL, ARAT, and modified Barthel index (MBI) scores following the training. When the two groups were compared, the FMA-UL and ARAT scores showed greater improvement in the examination group compared to the control group, but the MBI difference was not statistically significant. An analysis of fNIRS results revealed that the activation of the ipsilesional primary motor cortex (iM1) and contralesional prefrontal cortex (cPFC) increased after training in the experimental group, while it decreased in the control group. The activation of iM1 and cPFC in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group.
Conclusions
Compared with the control group, tDCS concurrent with VR-based robot intervention can effectively enhance upper limb function and promote activation of iM1 and cPFC in subacute patients with stroke. However, there was no obvious advantage in improving ADL.
Trial registration:
The study was registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registration Center (ChiCTR2100047442) on June 18, 2021.
Incidence and risk factors associated with superior segmented facet joint violation in posterior approach lumbar interbody fusion
Authors: Fan Lin , Chen Jiaxing , Liu Sizhu , Xie Siming , Wang Hucheng , Hu Yijie , Quan Zhengxue
Published: November 2023

Objective: To investigate the incidence and risk factors of superior-segmented facet joint violation (FJV) during pedicle screw placement in posterior approach lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF).
Study type: Retrospective study.
Methods: A total of 320 patients with lumbar degenerative diseases who underwent PLIF surgery in our hospital from 2018 to 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The pedicle screws of all the patients were placed by freehand. The lumbar computed tomography examinations were conducted within 2 weeks after surgery to evaluate the degree of facet joint violation. The facet Joint degeneration, facet joint hypertrophy, facet angle, pedicle angle, depth of lamina, pedicle screw angle, and screw-endplate angle were measured or evaluated by CT images. General condition, preoperative diagnosis, superior screw placement level (L4 or L5), degree of vertebral slippage, and screw side (left or right) were also included in the analysis. Difference analysis (chi-square test/T-test) and multivariate binary logistic regression analysis were conducted to determine which factors had an effect on FJV.
Results: 640 superior pedicle screws of 320 patients were analyzed in this study. The incidence of superior facet joint violation was 44.69% (286/320). The BMI (P=0.225), age (P=0.786), gender (P=0.701), facet joint degeneration (P=0.082), degree of vertebral slippage (P=0.15), depth of the lamina (P=0.307) and screw-endplate angle (P=0.807) were not associated with FJV. The preoperative diagnosis (P<0.001), superior screw placement level(P<0.001), screw side (P=0.004), facet angle (P<0.001), pedicle angle (P<0.001), pedicle screw angle (P<0.001), and facet joint hypertrophy (P=0.017) were associated with FJV, with facet angle(P<0.001), facet joint hypertrophy (P=0.044), and pedicle screw angle(P<0.001) as independent influences on FJV.
Conclusion: The larger facet angle, the smaller pedicle screw angle and facet joint hypertrophy were independent risk factors for FJV, and the cut off value of facet angle and pedicle screw angle were 43.38° and 14.67° respectively. More care should be taken to avoid FJV when the preoperative diagnosis was isthmic lumbar spondylolisthesis and the screw placement level was at L5 level.
Risk Factors, Prognostic Factors, and Nomograms for Distant Metastasis in Patients with Diagnosed Duodenal cancer: A Population- Based Study
Authors: Shang Jiarong , Xu Chenyi , zhai xiaoxue , xu zhe , qian jun
Published: December 2023

INTRODUCTION:
Duodenal cancer is one of the most common subtypes of small intestinal cancer, and distant metastasis (DM) in this type of cancer still leads to poor prognosis. Although nomograms have recently been used in tumor areas, no studies have focused on the diagnostic and prognostic evaluation of DM in patients with primary duodenal cancer.
Methods
Data on duodenal cancer patients diagnosed between 2010 and 2019 were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify independent risk factors for DM in patients with duodenal cancer, and univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were used to determine independent prognostic factors in duodenal cancer patients with DM. Two novel nomograms were established, and the results were evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, calibration curves, and decision curve analysis (DCA).
Result
A total of 2,603 patients with duodenal cancer were included; and 457 patients (17.56%) had DM at the time of diagnosis. Independent risk factors for DM in patients with duodenal cancer include sex, grade, tumor size, T stage, and N stage. The independent prognostic factors for duodenal cancer patients with DM are age, histological type, T stage, tumor grade, tumor size, bone metastasis chemotherapy, and surgery. The results of ROC curves, calibration, DCA, and Kaplan–Meier (K-M) survival curves in the training, validation, and expanded testing sets confirmed that the two nomograms could precisely predict the occurrence and prognosis of DM in patients with duodenal cancer.
Conclusion
two nomograms are expected to be effective tools for predicting the risk of DM in patients with duodenal cancer and personalized prognosis prediction for patients with DM, which may benefit clinical decision-making.
Interrupted time series datasets from studies investigating the impact of interventions or exposures in public health and social science: A data note
Authors: Turner Simon L , Korevaar Elizabeth , Karahalios Amalia , Forbes Andrew B , McKenzie Joanne E
Published: November 2023

Objectives: The interrupted time series (ITS) design is commonly used to investigate the impact of an intervention or exposure in public health. There are many statistical methods that can be used to analyse ITS data and to meta-analyse their results. We undertook two empirical studies to investigate: i) how effect estimates (and associated statistics) compared when six statistical methods were applied to 190 real-world datasets; and ii) how meta-analysis effect estimates (and associated statistics) compared when the combinations of two ITS analysis methods and five meta-analysis methods were applied to 17 real-world meta-analyses including 283 ITS datasets. Here we present a curated repository of a subset of ITS datasets from these studies.
Data description: The repository includes 430 ITS datasets curated from the two empirical studies. The datasets are diverse in the populations, interruptions and outcomes examined, and are methodologically diverse in the outcome types, aggregation time intervals, number of timepoints and segments. Most of the datasets are from public health. For each dataset, we provide the outcome value at each timepoint and the segment (indicating different interruptions), along with characteristics of the dataset. This repository may be of value for future research of ITS studies, and as a source of examples of ITS for use in teaching.
Single-Source Pulsed Laser Deposited Perovskite Solar Cells with >19% Efficiency
Authors: Soto-Montero Tatiana , Kralj Suzana , Azmi Randi , Reus Manuel A. , Solomon Junia S. , Cunha Daniel M. , Soltanpoor Wiria , Utomo Drajad Satrio , Ugur Esma , Vishal Badri , Ledinsky Martin , Müller-Buschbaum Peter , Babbe Finn , Lee Do Kyoung , Sutter-Fella Carolin M. , Aydin Erkan , De Wolf Stefaan , Morales-Masis Monica
Published: November 2023

Single-source vapor deposition of metal halide perovskites has, to date, remained challenging due to the dissimilar volatilities of the perovskite precursors, limiting the controlled transfer of multiple elements at once. Here, we demonstrate that pulsed laser deposition (PLD) addresses the rate-control challenges of single-source evaporation, enabling solar cells with power conversion efficiencies above 19%. We combined dry mechanochemical synthesis and PLD to fabricate MA1-xFAxPbI3 and Cl-passivated MA1-xFAxPbI3 films from a single-source target. The films are grown onto hole-selective self-assembled monolayers, where first a thin PbI2-rich layer forms, leading to full perovskite conversion. Onto the perovskite, an oleylammonium iodide (OAmI) post-treatment is then applied to passivate its top surface by forming a 2D perovskite film. When incorporating PbCl2 in the target and OAmI-based 2D passivation, a remarkable 19.7% efficiency for p–i–n perovskite solar cells is achieved with enhanced device stability. This highlights the appeal of PLD to fully unlock the potential of single-source vapor-deposited perovskite towards low-cost and efficient photovoltaics.
scCompressSA: Dual-channel self-attention based deep autoencoder model for single-cell clustering by compressing static gene-gene interactions
Authors: Zhang Wei , Yu Ruochen , Xu Zeqi , Gao Wenhao , Jiang Mingfeng , Dai Qi
Published: December 2023

Background: Deep neural networks including auto-encoders have been widely employed to mime cell type specific patterns from single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data. Single cell clustering has played an important role to explore the molecular mechanisms about cell differentiation and human diseases. Due to highly stochastic and noisy data, accurate detection of cell types is still challenged, especially for RNA-sequencing data from human beings.
Results: Using cross-correlation to capture gene-gene interactions, this study proposes the scCompressSA method to integrate static gene-gene interactions and gene expression dynamics with self-attention(SA) based coefficient compression(CC). This dual-channel self-attention CC block has been designed to automatically integrating topological features of scRNA-seq data. Furthermore, computational efficiency has been dramatically enhanced. The proposed scCompressSA method has boosted clustering accuracy in multiple benchmark scRNA-seq datasets by reconstructing input matrices.
Conclusion: Static gene-gene interactions have been used as topological features to boost detection performance in cell clustering tasks. For scCompressSA method, self-attention based CC block was effective to integrate topological features with existing temporal patterns underlying transcriptomic data.
Cost avoidance of pharmacist-led deprescribing using STOPPFrail for older adults in nursing homes
Authors: Hurley Eoin , Byrne Stephen , Walsh Elaine , Foley Tony , Woods Noel , Dalton Kieran
Published: December 2023

Background: The Screening Tool of Older Persons Prescriptions in Frail adults with limited life expectancy (STOPPFrail) criteria aim to reduce inappropriate or unnecessary medications in frail older adults, which should minimise adverse drug events and additional healthcare expenditure. Little is known about the economic outcomes of applying these criteria as an intervention.
Aim: To evaluate cost avoidance associated with pharmacist-led application of STOPPFrail to frail older nursing home residents.
Method: Pharmacist-identified STOPPFrail-defined PIMs that were deprescribed by patients’ general practitioners were assigned a rating by a multidisciplinary panel, i.e. the probability of an adverse drug event occurring if the PIM was not deprescribed. The intervention’s net cost benefit and cost-benefit ratio were then determined by factoring in ADE cost avoidance (calculated from pADE ratings), direct cost savings (deprescribed medication costs and reimbursement fees), and healthcare professionals’ salaries.
Results: Of the 176 PIMs deprescribed across 69 patients, 65 PIMs (36.9%) were rated as having a medium or high probability of an adverse drug event occurring if not deprescribed. With €27,162 for direct cost savings, €61,336 for ADE cost avoidance, and €2,589 for healthcare professionals' salary costs, there was a net cost benefit of €85,909 overall. The cost-benefit ratio was 33.2:1 and remained positive in all scenarios in sensitivity analyses.
Conclusion: Pharmacist-led application of STOPPFrail to frail older nursing home residents is associated with significant cost avoidance. Wider implementation of pharmacist interventions in frail older nursing home residents should be considered to reduce PIMs and patient harm, alongside substantial cost savings for healthcare systems.
Assessing the Fracture Toughness of Zircaloy-4 Fuel Rod Cladding Tubes: Impact of Delayed Hydride Cracking
Authors: Francois Pierrick , Petit Tom , Auzoux Quentin , Boulch David Le , Nascimento Isabela Zarpellon , Besson Jacques
Published: December 2023

Delayed Hydride Cracking (DHC) is a hydrogen embrittlement phenomenon that may potentially occur in Zircaloy-4 fuel claddings during dry storage conditions. An experimental procedure has been developed to measure the toughness of this material in the presence of DHC by allowing crack propagation through the thickness of a fuel cladding. Notched C-ring specimens, charged with 100 wppm of hydrogen, were used and pre-cracked by brittle fracture of a hydrided zone at the notch root at room temperature. The length of the pre-crack was measured on the fracture surface or cross-sections. Additionally, a finite element model was developed to determine the stress intensity factor as a function of the crack length for a given loading. Two types of tests were conducted independently to determine the fracture toughness with and without DHC, KIDHC and KIC, respectively: (i) constant load tests %after a thermal cycle at 150°C, 200°C, and 250°C; (ii) monotonic tests at 25°C, 200°C, and 250°C. The results indicate the following: (1) there is no temperature influence on the DHC toughness of Zircaloy-4 between 150 and 250°C (KIDHC ∈ [7.2;9.2] MPa.m1/2), (2) within this temperature range, the fracture toughness of Zircaloy-4 is halved by DHC (KIC ∈ [16.9;19.7] MPa.m1/2), (3) the crack propagation rate decreases with decreasing temperature and (4) the time before crack propagation increases as the temperature and loading decrease.
O Programa de Recebimento e Monitoramento dos Efluentes Não Domésticos de Uberlândia-MG no contexto do marco normativo referente à segurança hídrica no Brasil
Authors: Bazílio Ana Paula , Ferreira Vanderlei de Oliveira , Pereira Boscolli Barbosa , Bravo João Vitor Meza
Published: December 2023

Neste artigo foi realizada revisão historiográfica sobre o arcabouço normativo preceptor dos atuais instrumentos reguladores dos recursos hídricos e dos efluentes no Brasil, com foco especial no Estado de Minas Gerais e no Programa de Recebimento e Monitoramento dos Efluentes não Domésticos (PREMEND) de Uberlândia, Estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Considerando que os efluentes são a maior causa de contaminação dos recursos hídricos no planeta, a partir desta revisão, foi discutido o caso especial de Uberlândia como exemplo a contribuir com a detecção das formas e funções das normas e seu papel regulatório-protetor em ambientes estressantes, como é o caso das grandes cidades. O PREMEND exige dos usuários que produzem efluentes não domésticos no Município de Uberlândia um tratamento prévio dos seus resíduos para reduzir a carga orgânica, prevenindo riscos e assegurando a qualidade da água do Rio Uberabinha. Para a compreensão das articulações no campo teórico-normativo, foi pesquisada a história do surgimento do saneamento, o nascimento de normas sobre os recursos hídricos e os efluentes, bem como a evolução legislativa brasileira, no âmbito federal, estadual mineira e municipal que culminaram na origem do PREMEND.
Fundamentos da energia mecânica hidráulica e sua aplicação
Authors: da Silva Alves Íngrid Heloisa , da Silva Soares Jéssica Bárbara
Published: December 2023

O livro Fundamentos da Energia Mecânica Hidráulica e sua Aplicação foi desenvolvido com o objeto de trazer uma abordagem interdisciplinar sobre os vários assuntos envolvidos nas conversões de energia que ocorrem com o uso de uma turbina hidráulica. O livro tem uma linguagem simples para facilitar o entendimento dos leitores, direcionado para estudantes de nível técnico e graduação. Aborda a turbina hidráulica desde os fundamentos básicos até a aplicação em hidrelétricas, mostrando a conexão de todos os assuntos relacionados que na maioria das vezes são apresentados segmentados em diferentes disciplinas dos cursos. O foco é na análise de obtenção de trabalho mecânico com o sistema, mas também esclarece sobre a obtenção de energia elétrica. Além disso, mostra a importância dessa tecnologia para sustentabilidade, uma vez que a energia hidráulica é limpa, renovável e tem-se buscado a sustentabilidade de suas instalações. É importante a difusão desse conhecimento para os estudantes de modo a possibilitar uma melhor compreensão do assunto, a conexão entre diversos conceitos e temas e aumentar a visão prática dos assuntos teóricos apresentados durante os cursos técnico e de graduação. No início de cada capítulo é apresentada uma frase de um cientista ou filósofo, relacionada com o assunto apresentado, como forma de incentivar o desenvolvimento da ciência, lembrar daqueles que promoveram transformações na sociedade e ressaltar que os leitores e estudantes podem também ser agentes de transformação.
Biofortification via foliar application of zinc in oat grains and the effects on nutritional quality and productivity indicators
Authors: Kraisig Adriana Roselia , Silva José Antonio Gonzalez da , Carvalho Ivan Ricardo , Colet Christiane de Fátima , Fachinetto Juliana , Fraga Denize da Rosa , Conceição Gerusa Massuquini , Peter Cibele Luisa , Rosa Juliana Aozane da , Basso Natiane Carolina Ferrari , Babeski Cristhian Milbradt , Diel Pedro , Jung Júlia Sarturi
Published: November 2023

Foods enriched with zinc can reduce the rates of many diseases and health expenses. Oat, as a nutraceutical food, represents a potential nutritional source by increasing the levels of zinc in the grains by biofortification. The objective of the study is zinc enrichment in oat grains and caryopses, with analysis of productivity indicators, industrial and chemical quality of the grains for technology validation. The experiment was carried out in 2017, 2018 and 2019, in Augusto Pestana, RS, Brazil. The experimental design was randomized blocks with eight replications and five levels of zinc doses (0, 500, 1000, 2000 and 4000 g ha-1) applied via foliar in the grain filling phase. There are almost no changes in oat panicle components due to the effect of biofortification doses by the compound with zinc, and no change in grain yield regardless of agricultural year. Indicators of industrial quality and organic composition of oat grains are not effectively affected by biofortification, ensuring the use of technology without compromising these variables. Considering caryopsis the edible product of oats, from 2000 g ha-1 of zinc sulfate, biofortification of the product is guarantee. Biofortification via foliar by the compound with zinc promotes a significant increase of zinc in oat grains and caryopsis, however, reducing the iron content in these structures
Determinants influencing fraud prevention in e-procurement: Empirical evidence from Indonesia
Authors: Silalahi Sempaulus , Afriana Hanif Rheny , Supriono Supriono , Hariyani Eka , Wiguna Meilda
Published: November 2023

Electronic procurement of government products and services strives to promote good governance by enhancing internal control and fraud prevention. This study aims to assess how e-procurement and internal control can prevent fraud in purchasing goods and services in Indonesia. Participants in the regional work units (SKPD) in Riau’s procurement of goods and services make up the study’s population. The sample included 85 respondents with the requirements for a position relating to the successful procurement of goods and services from December 2021 to December 2022. The paper used a purposeful sampling technique. This study employed a quantitative method and SmartPLS 3.0 to evaluate the data. The results concluded that the implementation of e-procurement (β = 0.231; p < 0.05) and internal control (β = 0.231; p < 0.05) have a substantial impact on fraud prevention during the procurement of goods and services. By absorbing the capital expenditure budget and limiting fraud, it is envisaged that the Indonesian government may maximize its fraud prevention. It is desired that persons involved in procuring products and services constantly broaden their understanding of and perspectives on procurement, particularly those on other crucial aspects of procurement.
Reflection of Al-Ghazali’s business ethics for tax consultants
Authors: Fachrezzi Bima Rafly , Sulistiyanto Deni Rachmad , Jabbi Muhammed Lamin , Adamu Ishiaka
Published: November 2023

Purpose - The purpose of this study was to explore the application of the values of Al-Ghazali Islamic business ethics to tax consultants in Indonesia and to compare them with the Indonesian Tax Consultant Professional Code of Ethics.Method - This research approach uses phenomenology. There were 3 informants interviewed in the study consisting of tax consultants who are Muslim in Indonesia, fiscal authorities who are Muslim in Indonesia, and experts in the Islamic religion.Result - This research gives the result that the principle of integrity can be expanded in terms of its definition and meaning with the mujahadah component in Al-Mizan, so that the integrity referred to here is trying to keep away bad traits that are prohibited in Islam. Moreover, on the concept of al ihya', tax consultants have a main orientation to profit and the motivation to help taxpayers is still limited to improving the image of their consulting services business.Implication - The concept of Islamic Business Ethics by Al-Ghazali is a broader and deeper ethic so it is very appropriate if it is adapted to the Indonesian Tax Consultant Code of Ethics, especially regarding responsibility and motivation as servants of God.Originality - This research is the first study that used a phenomenological approach in uncovering the reflection of the concept of Islamic business ethics by Al-Ghazali on the implementation of a tax consultant's code of ethics.
Gender issues in local government accountability reports: insights from Islamic regions in Indonesia
Authors: Shahib Habib Muhammad , Amanah Nur , Abdulrahim Mohamed Omar
Published: November 2023

Purpose - The purpose of this research is to examine how the implementation of gender-friendly policies for women is reflected in local government accountability reports regarding the coherence of government policies-programs-reporting to the public, especially in Islamic areas, in the context of a democratic country like Indonesia.Method - The provincial governments of Aceh and West Sumatra were the main settings for this study, as they are the two main Islamic regions in Indonesia. This study used a qualitative content analysis approach to analyze the research data based on Accountability Reports in the span of 2017-2021, which was the primary data source for this research.Result - The results showed that the disclosure of gender issues in the accountability reports of the two provincial governments was still low, below 50% of the 18 indicator items used in this study. In addition, there is no standardized format for submitting government performance indicators and explanations.Implication - This research emphasizes that there is still a need for public encouragement for specific issues to receive an optimal policy share at the local government level.Originality - This is the first study known to examine Islamic values and gender disclosures in local government settings.
Sanitary conditions of the third largest informal settlement in Brazil
Authors: Castro Fernando Augusto Braga , Salomão André Luís de Sá , Netto Alena Torres
Published: November 2023

Large Brazilian cities, such as Rio de Janeiro, suffer serious environmental problems caused by informal settlements (IS), such as advances in the degradation of surface waters involving anthropic pressures resulting from uncontrolled urban growth, lack of sanitation or disasters related to climate events, creating a gap in relevant information about environmental health in urban IS. Therefore, it is essential to assess the health conditions of IS and the local population's perception of their living conditions. This study aimed to evaluate, by online form and public data, the sanitary conditions of the third largest IS in Brazil, the Rio das Pedras community, which was located on the banks of the Jacarepaguá Lagoon complex. The analysis revealed that 35% of respondents reported releasing domestic sewage directly into the river near their homes. Furthermore, 83% of the participants reported that they disposed of urban solid waste inappropriately. About 21% of residents reported falling ill due to direct contact with unsafe water after flood events. Public managers, concerned with advancing sustainability agendas and mitigating the risks to environmental health related to the lack of adequate sanitation services, should invest in actions that reflect the perception of the local population, proposing more appropriate socio-environmental solutions.
Management of surface flow allocation in rice cultivation by maximization of water use and economic efficiency
Authors: Chen Zhenghui
Published: December 2023

The multi-objective genetic algorithm was used as a decision variable to estimate the water required for irrigation in each of the growth stages. Agricultural costs and product sales prices in the agricultural year 2017–2023 in Luoyang Plain and its surrounding areas were collected for this purpose. Optimal irrigation strategies according to different water price scenarios were considered to calculate water use efficiency and net profit. In the conditions of optimal distribution, the amount of allocated water was 7,809, 2,928, 3,904, and 1,789 m3/ha for the stages of vegetative growth, flowering, crop formation, and ripening by the proposed model. On the other hand, it is necessary to reduce water stress in the periods of clustering and seed filling to increase crop yield and net income, as well as to achieve the desired irrigation schedule. Effective rainfall, especially in the ripening stage of the crop, can be considered to determine the optimal volume of water harvesting from the river. In addition, the results showed that by reducing the amount of available water, the water model allocated to leaf greening and tillering stages decreases.
AI-based intelligent virtual image meteorological services
Authors: Guo Fang , Xu Yang , Li Yaping , Guo Ling
Published: December 2023

Although modern meteorological service and prediction systems have achieved good applications in numerical models, these models are often influenced by multiple random factors and cannot adapt well to the meteorological service and prediction needs of complex climate regions. Therefore, this article aims to designing an AI intelligent meteorological service platform to simulate what happens when people use it. Based on commonly used AI technologies in meteorological research, the temporal data algorithm mentioned in this article is used for prediction. This article selected the actual daily average water vapor pressure and daily average relative humidity data of three meteorological stations over the past 10 days for analysis. The maximum and minimum values of the actual daily average water vapor pressure in the 10 days of San Jose are 30.2 and 28.1 Pa, respectively, the maximum and minimum values of the actual daily average vapor pressure over 10 days of Cupertino are 30.4 and 28.4 Pa, respectively, and the maximum and minimum values of the actual daily average vapor pressure over 10 days of Santa Clara are 30.5 and 28.4 Pa, respectively, which can prove the effectiveness of AI-based intelligent virtual imaging meteorological services.
AVALIAÇÃO DA ASSISTÊNCIA ESTUDANTIL E A PERMANÊNCIA DE ESTUDANTES COTISTAS RACIAIS DO ENSINO TÉCNICO INTEGRADO DO INSTITUTO FEDERAL DE MINAS GERAIS - CAMPUS GOVERNADOR VALADARES
Authors: Rocha Morais Graciele , De Azevedo Peixoto Ana Cláudia , Dutra Marinho Júnior Lenício
Published: November 2023

Estudos que avaliam o impacto da assistência estudantil na garantia da permanência dos estudantes são importantes, uma vez que demonstram a efetividade da política. Quando essa análise é feita tendo como público específico os estudantes cotistas raciais, torna-se ainda mais relevante, pois esses estudantes, na sua trajetória de vida, sofrem com os efeitos do racismo, que muitas vezes os impedem de ascender socialmente e de ocupar espaços socialmente valorizados, majoritariamente ocupados por pessoas brancas. A pesquisa teve como objetivo compreender o impacto que a assistência estudantil exerce na permanência e formação educacional dos estudantes cotistas raciais no Instituto Federal de Minas Gerais (IFMG), Campus Governador Valadares. Teve como público alvo os estudantes cotistas raciais dos segundos e terceiros anos do ensino médio técnico integrado. Tratou-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa e de caráter exploratória, cujos instrumentos de coleta de dados foram análise documental, questionário e entrevista. Este estudo evidenciou que, além de garantir o ingresso do estudante negro na instituição de ensino, também é necessário garantir a ele a possibilidade de permanecer na instituição até a conclusão do seu curso. Os dados apresentados no artigo demonstram que a assistência estudantil auxilia nesse processo.
Analysis of DNA methylation profiles confirms a high proportion of immune cells in glioblastoma samples
Authors: Petrova E. I. , Olkhova L. V. , Galstyan S. A. , Telysheva E. N. , Zheludkova O. G. , Ryzhova M. V.
Published: December 2023

Glioblastomas are malignant tumors that belong to the central nervous system and are challenging to diagnose due to their significant intratumoral heterogeneity, which makes molecular testing and diagnosis confirmation particularly difficult. In addition to identifying typical genetic mutations such as IDH, H3F3A G34 and K27, WHO recommendations emphasize the importance of analyzing the tumor epigenome to define its class based on DNA methylation patterns and methylation status of specific genomic regions, particularly the MGMT promoter region. Based on our clinical experience, molecular genetic studies sometimes yield contradictory results due to the heterogeneous cellular composition of glioblastomas. In this study, we present a series of observations made on 35 glioblastoma samples in which we compare the morphological features and the results of cell type detection by deconvolution method based on total DNA methylation profiles. Our results suggest that samples of mesenchymal class glioblastomas may contain over 50 % non-tumor immune cells, which should be considered in genetic testing of these tumors.
Formation of a healthy lifestyle as a tool to reduce the risk of developing chronic non-communicable diseases
Authors: Kostin F. N.
Published: December 2023

Relevance. The formation of a healthy lifestyle is an important task facing not only the healthcare system, but also the state as a whole. Therefore, monitoring of risk factors and the attitude of the population to a healthy lifestyle is necessary for strategic decisions.

The purpose of the study – assessment of the awareness of the population of Moscow about the importance of maintaining a healthy lifestyle for the prevention of the development of chronic non-communicable diseases.

Materials and methods. A survey of 100 people (50 men and 50 women) aged 20 to 60 years was conducted. The attitude of the population to a healthy lifestyle, alcohol and tobacco use, the frequency of sports, resistance to stressful situations, as well as to periodic medical examinations were evaluated.

Results. The data of the survey, as well as the growing incidence, confirm the irresponsible attitude of the population to their health, as well as the identification of risk factors for the development of chronic non-communicable diseases in a large number of patients.

Conclusions. To form a unified preventive environment, it is necessary to improve the quality of the environment, working conditions, the availability of food of proper quality, income levels, housing conditions, as well as to develop urban infrastructure. It is also important to understand that in addition to the participation of all branches of the state in the formation of preventive medicine, it is necessary to instill in the population the need to take care of their own health independently. Rational nutrition, physical activity (walking, running, sports), restriction of alcohol and tobacco use, create a healthy behavior model and, as a result, reduce the risk of developing non-communicable diseases.
Extremely high prognostic risk group of neuroblastic tumors: histological, immunophenotypic and genetic characteristics. Literature review and own observations
Authors: Tarakanova A. V. , Sharlai A. S. , Druy A. E. , Konovalov D. M.
Published: December 2023

Clinical heterogeneity appears to be one of the most characteristic feature of the group of peripheral neuroblastic tumors, ranging from spontaneous tumor regression to a widespread process, often resistant to multimodal therapeutic strategies. Despite significant progress in treatment, about 40 % of patients with high-risk neuroblastoma die from disease recurrence after complete response to first-line therapy. These 40 % are considered a “extremely high” risk group requiring intensification of therapeutic regimens from the time of diagnosis. Histological and molecular predictive features of this group are of high scientific and practical interest for the correct therapy.
Inflammation and Stem Cell Stochasticity of HPV-induced Cervical
Cancer: Epigenetics based Biomarkers through Microbiome and
Metabolome for Personalized Medicine: A Systematic Review
Authors: Zheng Yufei , Liu Junqi , Beeraka Narasimha Murthy , Manogaran Prasath , Ramachandrappa Hemanth Vikram Poola , Yarramsetty Naga Lakshmi Durga , Suhail Shaik Mohammed , Pradeepkumar Bhupalam , Sinelnikov Mikhail Y. , Venkata Greeshma Mandya , Anand Mahesh Padukudru , Mandya Parashivamurthy Namratha , Bannimath Gurupadayya , Zhao Jie , Fan Ruitai
Published: November 2023

Background:

Chemoresistance by stemness in HPV-induced cervical carcinogenesis
has significant implications for the overall disease-specific survival of the patients. To date, there
are no reports related to the implications of significant aspects of inflammation and microbiome--
mediated epigenetics in cervical cancers.

Objective:

The current systematic review delineates the significant aspects of the inflammation-related
pathophysiology, cervical cancer diagnosis based on the HPV-indued stemness, and microbiome-
mediated epigenetic markers to develop personalized therapies to target the stemness-acquired
indefinitely dividing cancer stem cells.

Methods:

We performed a systematic review without a meta- analysis. We searched several
public databases, such as Pubmed, ReleMed, National Library of Medicine, and Scopus, related to
inflammation, metabolomics, microbiome-mediated epigenetic markers, and HPV-induced stemness.

Results and Conclusion:

The review significantly described the correlation between microbial inflammation
and stem cell stochasticity of HPV-Induced cervical cancer and the expression of epigenetics-
based biomarkers through microbiome and metabolome to foster the cervical cancer progression.
These are major risk factors that can cause cervical dysplasia with substantial therapy resistance
in cervical cancer patients. The qualitative and quantitative examination of the spatial transcriptomic
expression of these stemness markers in the dividing cervical cancer stem cells has significant
implications in the clinical sector to develop early personalized medicine to prevent cervical
precancerous lesions depending on the prognosis of the cervical cancer patients. Mainly, the
combinatorial regimen of current therapeutic modalities, along with microbiome-related therapies
with future landscape of epigenetics-modulated therapies, may enhance overall disease-specific
survival by modulating the stochastic dynamics of basal epithelial cells across the cervical region.
Lipids: A Major Culprit in Diabetic Nephropathy
Authors: Beniwal Ankita , Jain Jasmine Chaudhary , Jain Akash
Published: November 2023

The pathophysiology of diabetic nephropathy (DN) is too complex and involves a variety
of pathways and mediators. Hyperglycaemia and dyslipidemia are identified as major risk
factors for diabetic nephropathy. Various studies revealed the fact that dyslipidemia is a major
contributor to the process of diabetic nephropathy. Dyslipidemia refers to abnormal lipid levels.
Lipids like LDL, free fatty acids, abnormal lipoproteins, ceramides, etc., are unsafe for kidneys.
They target proximal tubular epithelial cells, podocytes, and tubulointerstitial tissues through biochemical
changes, especially by enhancing the release of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and
lipid peroxidation, endorsing tissue inflammation and mitochondrial damage, which give rise to
nephropathy. Major lipid targets identified are SREBP1, LXR, FXR PPAR, CD-36, PKc,
AGE/RAGE pathway, and ferroptosis. The drug acting on these targets has shown improvement
in DN patients. Various preclinical and clinical studies support the fact that hyperlipidemic
agents are promising targets for DN. Therefore, in conjunction with other standard therapies,
drugs acting on dyslipidemia can be added as a part of the regimen in order to prevent the incidence
of ESRD and CVD.
Surface Roughness of Er, Cr: YSGG Laser Etched Enamel Compared to Acid Etching: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Ahmed Mohamed Dina , Raafat Rasha
Published: November 2023

Objectives:

Erbium-based lasers have been used in dentistry with different parameters for enamel conditioning with controversial results on the optimum parameter. This study aims to compare the surface roughness of enamel after conditioning by erbium, chromium-doped: Yttrium scandium-gallium-garnet (Er, Cr: YSGG) laser or 37% phosphoric acid and after remineralization, using a scanning electron microscope (SEM).

Materials and Methods:

Forty-five extracted premolars for orthodontic purposes were divided into three groups according to the conditioning technique. Group 1 conditioning by Er, Cr: YSGG laser 4.5 watts/30 Hz, Group 2 conditioning by Er, Cr: YSGG laser 4.5 watts/ 20 Hz, and Group 3 conditioning by 37% phosphoric acid. Surface roughness was measured using SEM after conditioning and after remineralization using Recaldent GC MI Paste Plus. Statistical analysis was done by one-way analysis of variance ANOVA test used to compare between groups, followed by Tukey’s post hoc test.

Results:

Enamel surface conditioned by Er, Cr: YSGG 4.5 watts/20 Hz laser had significantly less surface roughness than 37% phosphoric acid conditioned. After remineralization both the laser groups produced significantly lower surface roughness compared to acid conditioning.

Conclusion:

Er, Cr: YSGG laser conditioning of enamel surfaces (with 4.5 watts and 20 Hz/ 30 Hz frequency) produced less surface roughness which could be used as a promising alternative for acid conditioning.

Clinical Relevance:

laser conditioning of enamel using Er, Cr: YSGG with 4.5 watts could be a promising alternative for acid conditioning since it produces less surface roughness, less plaque accumulation on the surface, and less bacterial adhesion.
Analyzing Comorbidity Patterns in Patients With Thyroid Disease Using Large-Scale Electronic Medical Records: Network-Based Retrospective Observational Study (Preprint)
Authors: Huang Yanqun , Chen Siyuan , Wang Yongfeng , Ou Xiaohong , Yan Huanhuan , Gan Xin , Wei Zhixiao
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND

Thyroid disease (TD) is a prominent endocrine disorder that raises global health concerns; however, its comorbidity patterns remain unclear.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to apply a network-based method to comprehensively analyze the comorbidity patterns of TD using large-scale real-world health data.

METHODS

In this retrospective observational study, we extracted the comorbidities of adult patients with TD from both private and public data sets. All comorbidities were identified using ICD-10 (International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision) codes at the 3-digit level, and those with a prevalence greater than 2% were analyzed. Patients were categorized into several subgroups based on sex, age, and disease type. A phenotypic comorbidity network (PCN) was constructed, where comorbidities served as nodes and their significant correlations were represented as edges, encompassing all patients with TD and various subgroups. The associations and differences in comorbidities within the PCN of each subgroup were analyzed and compared. The PageRank algorithm was used to identify key comorbidities.

RESULTS

The final cohorts included 18,311 and 50,242 patients with TD in the private and public data sets, respectively. Patients with TD demonstrated complex comorbidity patterns, with coexistence relationships differing by sex, age, and type of TD. The number of comorbidities increased with age. The most prevalent TDs were nontoxic goiter, hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, and thyroid cancer, while hypertension, diabetes, and lipoprotein metabolism disorders had the highest prevalence and PageRank values among comorbidities. Males and patients with benign TD exhibited a greater number of comorbidities, increased disease diversity, and stronger comorbidity associations compared with females and patients with thyroid cancer.

CONCLUSIONS

Patients with TD exhibited complex comorbidity patterns, particularly with cardiocerebrovascular diseases and diabetes. The associations among comorbidities varied across different TD subgroups. This study aims to enhance the understanding of comorbidity patterns in patients with TD and improve the integrated management of these individuals.
Chatbots Overcome the Limit of Nursing Education (Preprint)
Authors: Zhu Shiben , Liu Xiaoliu , Wu Wenyan , Zhang Fang
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND

Nursing education plays a critical role in global healthcare, integrating technological advancements to enhance patient-centered care. While recent studies explore the impact of emerging technologies like virtual reality and smart glasses, challenges persist, including a scarcity of nursing expertise, resource disparities, and the aftermath of the global COVID-19 pandemic.

OBJECTIVE

Our objective is to conduct an analysis and synthesis of the current literature on chatbots in nursing education, aiming to illuminate valuable perspectives on the evolving role of chatbots and contribute insights that inform future research directions.

METHODS

By conducting a comprehensive literature review combining MeSH term “Education, Nursing” and relevant keywords including chatbots and conversational agents, across three databases (PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase), we examined the present situation of nursing education and the potential of chatbots as an innovative solution.

RESULTS

A total of 40 articles met eligibility criteria, with a notable increase in publications observed in 2023 (n=20,50%). Taiwan emerged as a leading contributor (n=8, 20%), followed by the United States (n=6, 15%) and Korea (n=4, 10%). Study types varied, with reviews (n=8, 20%) and editorials(n=7, 18%) being predominant, showcasing the richness of research in this domain.

CONCLUSIONS

Integrating chatbots into nursing education holds transformative potential, addressing existing challenges and reshaping learning experiences. Chatbot technology enhances inclusivity and personalization, elevating the competence of future healthcare professionals.

CLINICALTRIAL

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Research on Customer Relationship, Market Level and Enterprise Innovation Relationship
Authors: Shi Xiaohan
Published: December 2023

Enterprise innovation is an important content of enterprise management and a key element to determine the direction, scale and speed of the development of the company. Enterprise innovation has always been the focus of academic attention. Customer relationship is the contractual relationship established between the enterprise and the customer when purchasing and selling transactions. The research found that customer relationship can affect the innovation investment of enterprises to some extent. Based on a sample of listed companies in China's A stock manufacturing industry from 2008 to 2018, this paper empirically examines the impact of concentration of customer relationship on innovation output and its mechanism. The research found that the higher the concentration of customer relationship, the lower the innovation investment. Further research found that the level of marketization can alleviate this inhibition, with the promotion of market-oriented level, the excessive concentration of customer relations on enterprise innovation inhibition can be weakened. This research explores the factors that affect enterprise innovation from different angles, enriches the research on enterprise innovation, and provides a reference for enterprises to improve their innovation level.
Research on Credit Risk Contagion of Commercial Banks Based on Copula Model
Authors: Li Guangyao
Published: November 2023

Research on the credit risk contagion effect of commercial banks is a key issue in credit risk management of commercial banks. This paper constructs a measurement framework for the credit risk contagion effect of commercial banks based on the Copula function theory. On the basis of selecting the appropriate Copula function and measuring specific parameters, taking Bank of China and Industrial and Commercial Bank of China as examples, the tail correlation coefficient was used to measure the credit risk contagion effect of the two banks, and relevant conclusions were drawn.