bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Delayed grape ripening by intermittent shading to counter global warming depends on carry-over effects and water deficit conditions
Authors: Tiffon-Terrade Benjamin , Simonneau Thierry , Caffarra Amélia , Boulord Romaine , Pechier Philippe , Saurin Nicolas , Romieu Charles , Fumey Damien , Christophe Angélique
Published: January 2023

Grapevine phenology is continuously advancing due to global warming, exposing berry ripening to increasingly drier and hotter episodes that can dramatically affect yield and berry quality. This study aimed to analyse whether intermittent shading produced by panels placed over the plants can delay berry ripening to counter the impact of global warning on phenology. A two-year outdoor trial repeated on two batches of young potted grapevine (cv. Syrah) was conducted in Montpellier (South of France). Shading was created in a row using 2 m-wide horizontal panels placed 2.4 m above the ground. A moderate water deficit was also applied at the start of veraison to half the plants in both full sun (without panels) and shaded conditions to mimic usual field conditions. Variables related to budburst, flowering, veraison and sugar at harvest were analysed in all treatments. Although intermittent shading did not significantly modify air temperature within the canopy when cumulated over the growing season, the panels substantially delayed veraison by up to more than 30 days under well-watered conditions. The most marked phenological shifts were noted in the second year of treatment between flowering and veraison when carbon demand sharply increased during berry formation, suggesting there was a carry-over effect likely due to limited carbon assimilation. This was accompanied by sharp decreases in berry diameter and sugar content per berry at harvest. Higher berry growth and sugar loading were maintained when shading was combined with water deficit. However, the trigger effect of water deficit on veraison almost halved the phenological delay caused by the panels. Overall, a cooler period for ripening could be achieved with panels over the vines but at the expense of berry size and sugar amount in berries. It can be concluded that shading intensity and duration should be adapted to evaporative and soil water conditions to benefit from the phenological delay caused by panels, without altering production in the long term.
Representation of Islam and Hinduism in the Bajrangi Bhaijaan Film Charles Sanders Pierce’s Semiotics Theory
Authors: Hanif Muh. , Rahmadhani Lutfi Aulia
Published: January 2023

In inter-religious relations there are various ways and steps to promote peace. One way is through audio-visual media in the form of films. The Bajrangi Bhaijaan film, a Bollywood production, has many messages that are closely related to the values that carry a message of peace between religious communities. This article attempts to represent how a good deed can be done regardless of religious background. In particular, this article describes the various behaviors of religious people, in this case Islam and Hinduism, which are represented through the roles played by the characters in the film. The method used in this article is a qualitative-descriptive method using Charles Sanders Pierce's semiotic analysis. The article argues that the various attitudes displayed through the characters played in the film about the relationship between Muslims and Hindus in India and with neighboring countries, namely Pakistan, can be an illustration for religious people to live side by side in harmony.
Teres Minor Muscle Atrophy
Authors: Chambers MaKenzie M. , Khan Adam Z. , Namdari Surena
Published: January 2023

➢ Isolated teres minor atrophy has a reported incidence in the literature of 3% to 6.2%.

➢ There are 2 distinct muscular bundles of the teres minor that have varying degrees of atrophy. Fatty degeneration of the medial-dorsal component exceeds that of the lateral-ventral component in most cases.

➢ A healthy and intact teres minor muscle is of functional importance in the setting of a complete infraspinatus tear because it becomes the only external rotator of the shoulder joint.

➢ Clinical and functional outcomes after rotator cuff repair and reverse shoulder arthroplasty for patients with teres minor atrophy in the setting of a rotator cuff tear are still controversial.
Management of Chordoma of the Sacrum and Mobile Spine
Authors: Jae-Min Park Andrew , McDowell Susan , Mesfin Addisu
Published: January 2023

➢ Chordomas account for 1% to 4% of primary tumors of the spine and sacrum.

➢ En bloc resection is the preferred surgical treatment for the management of chordomas.

➢ Proton beam radiation is increasingly being used as a postoperative radiation modality for the treatment of chordomas.
Effect of minute amounts of arsenic on the sulfamethoxazole removal and microbial community structure via the SBR system
Authors: Zhao Kaige , Kang Pengfei , Zhang Tianyi , Ma Yifei , Guo Xiaoying , Wan Junfeng , Wang Yan
Published: January 2023

In this study, the effect of arsenic on the sulfamethoxazole (SMX) removal efficiency and microbial community structure was investigated over 60 days using the SBR process. The results showed that the presence of arsenic had no significant impact on the system performance, the removal efficiencies of two reactors, R1 (the control test) and R2 (with the addition of arsenic), were 13.36 ± 5.71 and 14.20 ± 5.27%, which were attributed to the adsorption of SMX by fulvic acid-like substances and tryptophan-like proteins of extracellular polymeric substances. Compared to the seed sludge, the species number indicated that R2 possessed the richer diversity, while R1 possessed the lower diversity on day 60, which might be relative to the transferring of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in sludge bacterial communities; the minute amounts of arsenic could make the relative levels of Sul1 and Sul2 genes which encode ARGs of sulfonamides in R2 (2.07 and 2.47%) be higher than that in R1 (1.65 and 1.27%), which made the bacterial community of the R2 system more adaptable to SMX stress. Therefore, the minute amounts of arsenic weakened the effect of SMX on the system and enhanced the stability of the microbial community structure.
Особенности в поведении температурных зависимостей магнитной восприимчивости кристаллов твердых растворов Bi-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-Te-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=--Sb-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-Te-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=-, содержащих от 25 до 70% теллурида сурьмы
Authors: Степанов Н.П. , Иванов М.С.
Published: January 2023

The temperature dependences of the magnetic susceptibility of crystals of solid solutions of Bi2Te3-Sb2Te3 p – type conductivity containing from 25 to 70 mol. percent of antimony telluride obtained on a SQUID magnetometer MPMS (Magnetic Property Measurement System) MultiVu in the range from 2 to 400 K. A correlation was found between the features observed in the behavior of the temperature dependences of the magnetic susceptibility of crystals containing 60 and 70 mol. percent Sb2Te3 and the ratio of the plasmon energy to the gap energy between the chemical potential level and the heavy hole subzone. The assumption is formulated that in the case of convergence of these energies, the increasing electron-plasmon interaction affects the state of the electronic system, and thus the magnitude of magnetic susceptibility.
Получение и свойства мезопористых пленок MoS-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-
Authors: Логинов А.Б. , Бокова-Сирош С.Н. , Федотов П.В. , Сапков И.В. , Хмеленин Д.Н. , Исмагилов Р.Р. , Образцова Е.Д. , Логинов Б.А. , Образцов А.Н.
Published: January 2023

Molybdenum disulfide is a crystalline material which
attracts considerable attention due to explicit two-dimensional cha-
racter of its electronic properties. To obtain MoS2 films thermally
evaporated molybdenum and gaseous H2S were used as precursors
in this work. As a result of chemical reaction of these precursors
films consisting of flake-like of nanometer thickness assembled
from parallel atomic layers with predominantly perpendicular (with
respect to substrate surface) orientation were deposited on the
surface of Si substrate. In this work we investigate the dependence
of film morphology on deposition time, substrate temperature
and concentration of precursors in gaseous phase. Presence of
mono- and bi-layered structures in the film was revealed using
Raman spectroscopy and electron microscopy. Dependence of
photoluminescence properties on size of crystallites in produced
films was also studied.
Аномальный отклик стратифицированной среды на объемное тепловыделение
Authors: Ингель Л.Х.
Published: January 2023

A linear stationary problem of the response of a semi-bounded stably stratified fluid/gaseous medium to volumetric spatially inhomogeneous heat release in the Boussinesq approximation is theoretically investigated. The most important similarity parameters are the analogue of the Rayleigh number and the aspect ratio of the source of buoyancy. For a perturbation in the form of a single horizontal harmonic, an analytical solution has been found that makes it possible to analyze a number of significant regularities. The nontrivial possibility of an intense hydrothermodynamic response to a weak heat release at a certain ratio of the mentioned parameters is found.
Изменение люминесценции тонких нанокристаллических пленок перовскита CsPbBr-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=- в ходе реакции анионного обмена in situ
Authors: Гулевич Д.Г. , Ткач А.А. , Набиев И.Р. , Кривенков В.А. , Самохвалов П.С.
Published: January 2023

Inorganic perovskite CsPbX3 nanocrystals (PNCs), where X is a halide anion, are currently promising materials for a wide range of optoelectronic devices. One of the key tasks to be solved before they are used in practice is to obtain stable thin PNC films whose luminescence wavelength could be finely tuned. The chemical composition of CsPbX3 PNCs is the main parameter determining their band gap width and, hence, the position of their photoluminescence maximum. Variation of the PNC composition in the course of their synthesis or postsynthetic treatment in solution makes it possible to obtain CsPbBr(3–x)Ix and CsPbBr(3–y)Cly materials emitting in the entire visible spectral range. In addition, these PNCs are more structurally stable than CsPbCl3 and CsPbI3 ones. However, most exchange reactions in solution reported in published studies are spontaneous and poorly controllable. In this study, the anion exchange reaction is proposed to be carried out directly on the formed thin film of CsPbBr3 incorporated in the matrix of a copolymer of methyl and lauryl methacrylates. The exchange reactions with octadecylammonium iodide and PbI2 leading to a shift of the photoluminescence maxima to longer wavelengths by 130 and 137 nm within 15 and 6 min, respectively. The study also shows the possibility of carrying out an ion exchange reaction on a substrate mimicking the real structure of a light-emitting diode.
Статистическая оценка характеристик поврежденных солнечных батарей космических аппаратов
Authors: Абдурахимов А.А. , Левандович А.В.
Published: January 2023

The change in the characteristics of a solar battery as a result of a random abrupt change in the properties of individual solar cells, which occurred as a result of a single or systematic impact of adverse factors in near-Earth outer space, is considered. The choice of the calculation scheme for constructing a model of a single solar cell is substantiated. For this situation, analytical mathematical models of typical connections of solar cells have been developed. Using the developed models, the current-voltage and volt-watt characteristics of the solar battery are analyzed in the case of an abrupt decrease in the photocurrent of solar cells with different probabilities. A statistical analysis of the characteristics of damaged solar cells was carried out using simplified logical-analytical models with the introduced circuit loss coefficient. Estimates of the values of the coefficient of circuit losses for typical schemes for connecting solar cells are given.
Система выпуска пучка многозарядных ионов из циклотрона
Authors: Гавриш Ю.Н. , Галчук А.В. , Кирцев Д.В. , Осина Ю.К. , Стогов Ю.И.
Published: January 2023

NIIEFA have developed and began manufacturing a cyclotron project for the acceleration of multiple-charged ions to energies regulated in the range of 7.5—15 MeV/nucl. The cyclotron electromagnet is H-shaped. The acceleration system consists of two dees, located in "valleys". Acceleration is performed at even harmonics. Ions are injected from external sources through the axial channel. The classical deflector and magnetic channels extraction system is used.
Using the Socioecological Model to Explore Barriers to Health Care Provision in Underserved Communities in the Philippines: Qualitative Study (Preprint)
Authors: Reyes Andrew Thomas , Serafica Reimund , Kawi Jennifer , Fudolig Miguel , Sy Francisco , Leyva Erwin William A , Evangelista Lorraine S
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND

The Philippines’ primary care is delivered via local health centers called barangay health centers (BHCs). Barangays are the most local government units in the Philippines. Designed to promote and prevent disease via basic health care, these BHCs are staffed mainly by barangay health workers (BHWs). However, there has been limited research on the social and environmental factors affecting underserved communities’ access to health care in underserved areas of the Philippines. Given the importance of BHCs in disease prevention and health promotion, it is necessary to identify obstacles to providing their services and initiatives.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to explore multilevel barriers to accessing and providing basic health care in BHCs.

METHODS

We used a qualitative approach and the socioecological model as a framework to investigate the multilevel barriers affecting basic health care provision. A total of 18 BHWs from 6 BHCs nationwide participated in focus group interviews. Traditional thematic content analysis was used to analyze the focus group data. After that, we conducted individual semistructured interviews with 4 public health nurses who supervised the BHWs to confirm findings from focus groups as a data source triangulation. The final stage of thematic analysis was conducted using the socioecological model as the framework.

RESULTS

Findings revealed various barriers at the individual (lack of staff motivation and misperceptions of health care needs), interpersonal (lack of training, unprofessional behaviors, and lack of communication), institutional (lack of human resources for health, lack of accountability of staff, unrealistic expectations, and lack of physical space or supplies), community (lack of community support, lack of availability of appropriate resources, and belief in traditional healers), and policy (lack of uniformity in policies and resources and lack of a functional infrastructure) levels.

CONCLUSIONS

Examining individual-, interpersonal-, institutional-, community-, and policy-level determinants that affect BHCs can inform community-based health promotion interventions for the country’s underserved communities. Given the multidimensional barriers identified, a comprehensive program must be developed and implemented in collaboration with health care providers, community leaders, local and regional health care department representatives, and policy makers.
Effects of Bariatric Surgery on Diabetic Retinopathy Course: A Review and Meta-Analysis.
Authors: Mirghani Hyder , Ali Alkaabneh Waad , Mansour Alatawi Atheer , Abdullah ALQasir Dhuha , Salem Altemani Omniah , Talal AlJayani Rabab
Published: January 2023

There is an increasing indication of bariatric surgery for metabolic diseases irrespective of body weight. Diabetic retinopathy is a serious disease; it is the leading cause of registered visual loss globally. Previous literature reported the deterioration of lifethreatening diabetic retinopathy after bariatric surgery. Few studies assessed the same. Our aim of the study is to assess this metaanalysis for the effects of bariatric surgery on diabetic retinopathy remission. In addition, we assessed the effects of bariatric surgery on diabetic retinopathy deterioration. We systematically searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, and the first 100 articles in Google Scholar. The search engine was limited to articles published in English from the first published article up to June 2022. The following keywords were used, bariatric surgery, metabolic surgery, diabetic retinopathy, retinopathy remission, and retinopathy deterioration. The retrieved data were entered in a datasheet detailing the author's name, year and country of publication, the methodology, and the number of patients who deteriorated was stable or improved after bariatric surgery. The most recent RevMan (version 4.4.) was used for data analysis. From our study, we found that, out of the 386 studies screened, only 26 full texts were eligible and eleven studies fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria. A lower deterioration rate was observed than stability, odd ratio, 0.05, 95% CI, 0.04-0.07, P-value, <0.001. Significant heterogeneity was observed, I2=54%, P-value, 0.02, and Chi-square=21.76. in addition, a lower regression was found compared to stable retinopathy, odd ratio, 0.06, 95% CI, 0.03-0.13, P-value, <0.001. Significant heterogeneity was observed, I2=73%, P-value, 0.0002, and Chi-square=29.67. Thus, Diabetic retinopathy remains stable among patients who underwent bariatric surgery. Few remissions were observed in the short term, while few patients deteriorated. Further randomized controlled studies comparing the effect of bariatric surgery and usual diabetic care are needed.
Rare occurrence of Combined hepatocellular cholangiocellular carcinoma in duck in India
Authors: kandpal Diksha , Sharma Rakshita , Saini Paras , Lather Deepika
Published: January 2023

Combined hepatocellular cholangiocellular carcinomas are the rarest form
of primary hepatic tumors in avian species. Many reports of cHCC-CCA
have been reported in animals with minimum reports in avian family. The
present article deals with the occurrence of cHCC-CCA in duck reported
to Veterinary pathology department, LUVAS. Grossly the duck was
emaciated with presence of blood in the abdominal cavity, pale enlarged
liver yellow to green raised firm nodules of varying sizes.
Histopathological examination confirmed mixed hepatic tumor as both
hepatocellular and cholangiocellular carcinoma lesions were evident.
Increased proliferation of the bile duct along with fatty change in
hepatocytes with altered cytoplasm-nuclei ration, anisokaryosis,
anisocytosis, binucleation and presence of mitotic figures. Special
staining revealed presence of thick fibrous capsule separating the tumor
masses. To our knowledge this is the first case of occurrence of
combined hepatocellular cholangiocellular carcinoma in duck in India.
Analysis of Perinatal Outcome During COVID- 19 Pandemic Lockdown: a cross sectional study
Authors: sitaula sarita , Basnet Tulasa , chhetry Manisha , Basnet Pritha , Shah Lokraj , mahat pawan
Published: January 2023

Background: Fear of hospitalization in addition to uncertainties about
appropriate treatment at the beginning of COVID -19 pandemic may have
affected the health and outcome of pregnant women. Lack of
transportation, closed out -patient services, and lack of employment has
directly linked to poor maternal and perinatal outcomes during
nationwide lockdown. This study aimed to assess perinatal outcome during
the first COVID-19 pandemic lockdown at BPKIHS. Methods: This is a
Descriptive Cross- Sectional Study conducted in a tertiary care center
in Eastern Nepal from 24th march 2020 to 23rd July 2020 during the first
COVID- 19 lockdown. Poor perinatal outcomes: perinatal death, preterm
delivery, intrauterine growth restriction, newborn admission, and
different reasons for admission were analyzed using descriptive
statistics. Results: There were a total of 2685 obstetric admissions and
2442 deliveries during the study period of 4 months. The perinatal death
rate was 26.2 per 1000 births. One hundred and twenty- eight newborns
required neonatal admission and prematurity was the most common cause.
Mean age and gestational age of women with poor perinatal outcome were
27.16 ± 6.02 years and 36.38± 4.54 weeks respectively. Conclusions:
Despite the availability of comprehensive Emergency Obstetric Care
(CEOC) at our center, poor perinatal outcome is still high. Which was
directly or indirectly affected by COVID-19 pandemic lockdown as there
was closure of OPD services, elective surgery, and most importantly lack
of transportation.
Effects of progressive muscle relaxation exercises and relaxation music on the severity of restless legs syndrome and sleep quality during pregnancy: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Yuksel Esma , Oran Nazan Tuna
Published: January 2023

Objective: to investigate progressive muscle relaxation exercises and
relaxation music on the severity of restless legs syndrome (RLS) and
sleep quality in pregnant women. Design: Randomized clinical trial.
Setting: A university clinic in Turkey. Population: 67 pregnant women
with RLS. Methods: Participants were allocated into three groups; the
control group, progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) group and relaxation
music (RM) group. The PMR and RM programs were explained toall
participants, and the first program was tested under the supervision of
the researcher. PMR and RM group participants performed the program
daily throughout 4 weeks. Severity of RLS with the International
Restless Leg Syndrome Scale (IRLSS) and sleep quality with the
Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) were assessed at baseline, 2 and 4
weeks for all the groups. Results: The groups were similar in terms of
demographic and clinical characteristics, as well as IRLSS and PSQI
scores at baseline. The PMR and RM groups showed significant improvement
in terms of IRLSS (severity of RLS) score; the PMR group, however,
experienced better alleviation in IRLSS score than the RM group. The PMR
and RM groups showed significant improvement in terms of PSQI (sleep
quality) score; however, there was no statistical difference, when PMR
compared to RM group. Conclusion: PMR and also RM as complementary
therapies could be used to alleviate the severity of RLS and improve
sleep quality during pregnancy. PMR have better improvement in
alleviating the severity of RLS.
Character Education Strategy Through Example and Habitation
Authors: Maratussholihah Awalul , Wibowo Ari
Published: January 2023

This study aimed to describe the strategy of character education through example and habituation at an elementary school in Kulon Progo. A qualitative method was used, data was collected through observation, interviews and documentation techniques. The sources of data were obtained from the Principal, Class I Teachers, Class IV Teachers, Class I Students, and Class IV Students. The data analysis technique used was the Miles and Huberman model. The results indicated that the character values at the elementary school in Kulon Progo included religious character values, care for the environment, love for the homeland, discipline, and responsibility. The SCE program was implemented in three stages: planning, which was integrated into the curriculum, syllabus, and lesson plans; implementation, which was done through example and habituation, using routine activities, spontaneous activities, and programmed activities; and evaluation, which was carried out on a weekly or monthly basis through official meetings. Barriers to the implementation of the SCE program included the different characters of students and the lack of cooperation from various parties. Solutions to overcome these obstacles included reminding students, providing examples, increasing cooperation, and communicating more about student behavior.
Soil Damage Potential Index Based on Weighting Scoring Analysis and Utilization of Geographical Information Systems
Authors: Basuki Basuki , Budiman Subhan Arif , Mutmainnah Laily , Rosyady Muhammad Ghufron
Published: January 2023

Indonesia's population in 2021 will increase by 0.92% from 2020. The increasing population demands the fulfillment of food. Land changes and their consequences indicate land damage. The purpose of the study was to assess the soil damage potential index (SDPI) on the slopes of Mount Argopura through terrain analysis and the use of geographic information system technology. The research was carried out on the slopes of Mount Argopura in 2022. The tools used included a clinometer, a GPS, spectrophotometer, AAS, arc GIS 13 and minitab. The materials included administrative maps, soil maps, slope maps, RBI maps, land use maps, rainfall maps. This research is descriptive exploratory with field survey method. The activity is divided into 3 stages, namely pre-survey, field survey, and post-survey. Research parameters include texture, soil thickness, soil type, soil pH, CEC, base saturation, soil drainage, parent material, landform, relief, rainfall, and land use. Based on the results of the study, the SDPI with an area of 22,148.75 ha was in the heavy category 44.12% (9772.28 ha), the medium category was 53.11% (11762.84 ha), and the light category was 2.77% (613.63 ha). Keywords:  Geographic Information System, Land Degradation, Mount Argopura, Soil Damage
Water Supply Potential for Agropolitan Concept
Authors: Ernanda Heru , Andriyani Idah
Published: January 2023

One of the obstacles to the development of Tongas District - Probolinggo Regency as an agropolitan area is the Limited of availability of water in Tongas Village. Kelampok village only has technical fields area of 105 hectares (14.45%) and the rest are rain-fed. The goverment of Probolinggo regency plans to develop Kelampok Reservoir. This study aims to research the potential of land and water for development of Kelampok Reservoir as a Water source for agriculture. To develop the Kelampok Reservoir engineering model, required main discharge, the location of the reservoir plan, and flood discharge. The results of the main discharge calculation using tank model had a maximum discharge of 332 L/s in The first decade do March and The discharge si only available for November to May. Hydrologically and geologically, the study area has an average rainfall of 1,430 mm/y with the type of Oldeman Climate classification is D4 and dominated by regosol soil types (96.60%). Kelampok Reservoir is engineered with (i) the full capacity of catchment is 7.103 m3 and the effective capacity is 6,877 m³, (ii) the reservoir has a total width of 10.00 m and an effective width is 9.20 m, and (iii) planned to operate from early July to September (10 decades/10 days) with an discharge output of 789 L/d or 0.913 L/s. Key words: Agropolitan, Discharge, Irrigation, Natural Resource, Reservoir
The Effect of Paclobutrazol Concentrations in Different Shade Levels on Coleus Plant Leaves Color
Authors: Gusmawan Maretha Widhya Aulyaa , Sitawati Sitawati , Karyawati Anna Satyana
Published: January 2023

Coleus scutellarioides is a leaf ornamental plant that is widely used as an ornamental plant in tourist attractions because it has an interesting leaf color. The purpose of study was to obtain right concentration of paclobutrazol for the brightness of the color of the leaves of the coleus plant in shaded conditions. The method used is a Split Plot Design with two factors, light intensity as the whole plot and paclobutrazol concentration as a split plot. The whole Plot consists of 3 levels, namely I100 (100% sunlight intensity), I75 (75% sunlight intensity) and I50 (50% sunlight intensity) while the split plot consisted of P0 (Without Paclobutrazol), P40 (Paclobutrazol 40 ppm), P80 (paclobutrazol 80 ppm) and P120 (paclobutrazol 120 ppm.  The results showed there were interactions from the treatment of paclobutrazol concentrations at various light intensities. The application of paclobutrazol 0 ppm at a light intensity of 75% and 50% gave the same chlorophyll content results as the 100% light intensity treatment and 0 ppm paclobutrazol concentration.The conclusions in addition of paclobutrazol 40-80 ppm at a decrease in light intensity of 75% and 50% gives the result of anthocyanin content and leaf color equal to 100% intensity and paclobutrazol 0 ppm.keyword: Coleus, Shades, Color, Paclobutrazol, Konsentrastion
Physical Characteristic of Heat Resistant Chocolate Formulated with Konjac Glucomannan and Xanthan Gum-Based Hydrogel at Various Fat Content during Period of Crystal Growth (Maturation)
Authors: Saputro Arifin Dwi , Nur Fadilah Mira Aprilia , Keegen Bangun Samuel , Rahayoe Sri , Wahyu Karyadi Joko Nugroho , Setiowati Arima Diah
Published: January 2023

Indirect addition of water into chocolate may form secondary sugar networks. This condition creates an increased melting temperature of chocolate. The purpose of this study was to increase the melting point of premium couverture chocolate without addition of fat/oil from other sources.  Chocolate was formulated with coconut/palm sugar as sweetener at various fat levels (32%, 34%, and 36%).  Aside from this, Konjac glucomannan and Xanthan gum-based hydrogel with a concentration of 3%, 5%, and 7% was added. Characterization of chocolate quality parameters with the addition of konjac glucomannan-based hydrogel (CKG) and xanthan gum-based hydrogel (CXG) was carried out. Moisture content, melting point, hardness, particle size and brown color analyses were carried out at intervals of 1, 5, 9 days of maturation (crystal growth period). The results showed that the addition of hydrogel influenced the melting point and hardness.  As the period of crystal growth (maturation) increased, the melting point and hardness of the chocolate also increased. Keywords:   Heat Resistant Chocolate, Hydrogel, Konjac Glucomannan, Palm Sugar, Xanthan Gum
Determining River Water Quality Status based on the Pollution Index Method as Control of Environmental Quality: The Laeya River, South Konawe Regency
Authors: Ismail Darwin , Surya Ridwan Adi , Yasin Asramid , Aba La
Published: January 2023

This study aims to analyze and determine the water quality status of the Laeya River for the provision of raw water in South Konawe Regency. This research was conducted in South Konawe Regency during 2022, using one method, namely the Pollution Index method. The Pollution Index method is used to determine the level of pollution from the Laeya River for the provision of raw water in South Konawe Regency. The results showed that the Laeya River at Station-I, Station-II, and Station-III obtained Pollution Index values of 2.511, 3.768, and 2.963, of the three stations whose parameters were analyzed, all of them met the quality standards except Total Suspended Solids (TSS), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), and Total of Coliform at Station-I. TSS, Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), COD and Total of Coliform at Station-II, and TSS, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), BOD, COD, Detergent and Total of Coliform at Station-III, so that the water quality status of the Laeya River belonged to the classification of mild contaminants for Station-I, Station-II, and Station-III.
Sustainable Regional Economic Development by Developing Villages
Authors: Hadiwibowo Yuniarto , Dokhi Mohammad , Hidayat Rokhmat Taufiq , Johantri Bagas
Published: January 2023

This paper aims to analyze the relationships between village (desa) and regional economic activities. The government of Indonesia introduces the concept of building Indonesia from the periphery. The government put more effort into strengthening regions and villages within the framework of a unitary state. We estimate the relationships between village resources, village development, and economic growth controlled by capital and the size of the municipalities. All 434 municipalities receiving village funds from 2019 to 2021 are included in this study, grouped by the main islands of Indonesia. We use panel methods with various approaches such as Common Effects Model (CEM), Fixed Effects Model (FEM), Random Effects Model (REM), and Generalized Estimating Equation (GEE) to estimate the relationships. Village development contributes to local economic activities in two ways. The resource available for the village will improve economic activities, while the level of development might have different behavior. In the beginning, increasing the level of village development improves economic growth. However, in Jawa and Bali islands, at the higher level of village development, the growth might be slower. The result implies that government may put more effort into developing villages to improve economic development. To improve regional economic growth, putting more resources into the village might be beneficial. The objective of the development may differ for villages with different levels of the index. Higher growth should be targeted for villages with a lower level of developing index. On the other hand, villages with a higher level of index might be more advantageous to have social and ecological objectives. Sustainable regional economic development might be achieved by developing villages. The results provide positive views on the concept of building Indonesia from the periphery.
Statistical Analysis of Domestic Water Demand and Supply for Kaduna North, Kaduna State
Authors: Ahmed Saminu , Hafusat Temitope , Zayyan Abdullahi Sarki , Dadangarba Aliyu
Published: January 2023

Water is life when it’s safe. Water demand means the quantity produced by treatment plants in order to meet all water needs in the community. While water supply is the process of accumulation, transmission, treatment, and distribution. In this study, first-hand information was derived through the process of distributing questionnaires and verbal interviews. The secondary data was obtained from related books, journals, published and unpublished texts, documents magazines, conference articles, government ministries, and agencies. The ministry concerned is of Water Resources. The generated data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Interactive linear regression of the data was also employed on R software. The correlation coefficient, R2 of water demand and supply in the area is 1 (i.e.100%). This means there is a strong positive linear correlation between water demand and water supply in Kaduna North. The p-value was obtained as 2.2 x 10-16 which shows that the regression model is statistically significant and negates the null hypothesis. Also, it can be derived from the study Kabala has the largest population with the highest water demand and supply while Ungwan Rimi has the smallest population with the lowest water demand and supply. It is discovered in the study that water demand is more than the water supply in Kaduna North. So, more effort should be put to a water supply to meet the people's demand.
Recognition of Indonesian Traditional Cakes using The MobileNet Algorithm
Authors: Faruq Aziz
Published: January 2023

Indonesia is a country with a variety of cultures, ranging from dance to cuisine and food variations. Cake is one of the unique variations of food include traditional cake. A variety of custom-made cakes will make the taste special, even though the name is the same. Traditional cakes are foods that are part of the ancestral culture that has been passed down from generation to generation explicitly in the region or Indonesian society. Machine learning methods are suitable for consistent and clear object recognition, this requires complex image pre-processing and feature extraction methods. The proposed model of our research is MobileNetv2 which was customized and then we did fine tuning then all of our training datasets do data-augmentation to create new datasets with various patterns so that the train dataset can be more numerous and avoid overfitting and the model can detect cake differences with an accuracy rate of 94% and loss 0.06.
WHISTLING IN THE LIBRARY OF BABEL: META-PRINCIPLES AND SECOND-ORDER RELIGIOUS LANGUAGE ABOUT DIVINE REVELATION IN TPOJ
Authors: Jaco GERICKE
Published: January 2023

Those are my principles, and if you don’t like them…well, I have others.”

Groucho Marx

We also know of another superstition of that time: that of the Man of the Book. On some shelf in some hexagon (men reasoned) there must exist a book which is the formula and perfect compendium of all the rest: some librarian has gone through it and he is analogous to a god. … How could one locate the venerated and secret hexagon which housed Him? Someone proposed a regressive method: To locate book A, consult first book B which indicates A’s position; to locate book B, consult first a book C, and so on to infinity ... In adventures such as these, I have squandered and wasted my years.
DO RELIGIOUS JEWS HAVE FAITH IN THE PRINCIPLES OF JUDAISM
Authors: N. VERBIN
Published: January 2023

Sam Lebens’ The Principles of Judaism is an extraordinary book in its rigor and richness. It is a sophisticated examination of three central propositions, which Lebens maintains, are the fundamental doctrines that “can make sense of continued commitment to an Orthodox Jewish lifestyle
Preserving Diversity: Lessons from Batang Tarang Village of West Kalimantan
Authors: Hermansyah Hermansyah , Abdullah Faisal , Hamdan Mochamad
Published: January 2023

The recurring communal, racial conflicts in West Kalimantan have left unpleasant memories among the local community. Unfortunately, some people believe that similar events will keep happening. This article was based on field research that relied on interviews and observations involving several crucial things. This research argues that communal conflicts in West Kalimantan can be averted by empowering internal forces to maintain balance in a plural society. This article found that conflict-prone societies such as those in Batang Tarang have the capacity to build harmony through togetherness, inter-ethnic marriages, the moderate practice of Islam, fair practice of adat [customary law], and strengthening awareness of shared origins.
Portrait of Moderate Islam Within Muslim University Students in Indonesia
Authors: Jais Ahmad , Sumin Sumin
Published: January 2023

The violence in the name of religion is now not only happening in the Middle East but has also penetrated Indonesia. Indonesia is not only known as a Muslim-majority country that is friendly and peace-loving but also has a diversity of religions, ethnicities, races, and cultures that have the potential to trigger conflict at any time. Violations of religious freedom in Indonesia have increased dramatically in recent years. This study is aimed to explore the understanding of Muslim students in Indonesia about Islamic moderation, the perceptions of Muslim students in Indonesia about the application of Islamic moderation, and the challenges and strategies of universities in implementing Islamic moderation on Muslim students in Indonesia. This study uses phenomenology approach with Muslim students as the object of the research. The participants were selected purposively as many as 20 students. This study finds that Muslim students in Indonesia characterize Islamic moderation as Muslims who are open to technological change, tolerant and harmonious with other Muslims and non-Muslims, non-violent, democratic, and access to comprehensive Islamic sources. Even though Muslim students in Indonesia have implemented Islamic moderation, there are still misconceptions about Islamic moderation. The challenge of implementing Islamic moderation in Muslim students is that they are easily exposed to extreme understanding through social media or the pragmatic and rational Islamic community.
Challenges in the Design of a New Centrifugal Fan with Variable Impeller Geometry
Authors: Odyjas Piotr , Więckowski Jędrzej , Pietrusiak Damian , Moczko Przemyslaw
Published: January 2023

This article presents a description of design work for newly created centrifugal fans. This was done based on the example of an innovative solution that uses a change in impeller geometry. In the described solution, this is achieved by shortening and lengthening the impeller blades. The development of a technical solution with such properties requires a change of approach in the design process compared with classic solutions. Therefore, the following text describes this process from the concept stage to demonstrator tests. The principle of operation of such a solution is presented and the assumptions made based on analytical calculations are also described. The text also shows a 3D model of the centrifugal fan with variable impeller geometry, made with the help of computer aided design (CAD) tools. In the further part, numerical calculations were made on its basis. The finite element method (FEM) calculation made it possible to verify the structural strength of the project and its modal properties as well as to verify flow parameters, thanks to the use of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) calculations. The next step describes the procedure for testing centrifugal fans with variable rotor geometry, which is different from that of fans without this feature. The next part presents the results of research from the tests carried out.
Influence of a Hybrid Manual–Electric Wheelchair Propulsion System on the User’s Muscular Effort
Authors: Wieczorek Bartosz , Warguła Łukasz , Kukla Mateusz
Published: January 2023

Self-propelled wheelchairs favour the rehabilitation process, forcing the user to be physically active. Unfortunately, in most cases, the manual propulsion is not adapted to the individual needs and physical capabilities of the user. This paper presents the results of operational tests of a wheelchair equipped with a hybrid propulsion system in which the muscle strength generated by the user is assisted by two independent electric motors. The research aimed to investigate the influence of the applied control algorithm and the assistance factor (W) on the value of the muscular effort (MA) while propelling the wheelchair with the use of push rims. A modified ARmedical AR-405 wheelchair equipped with two MagicPie 5 electric motors built into the wheelchair’s hubs with a power of 500 W was used in this research. The tests were carried out on a wheelchair test bench simulating the moment of resistance within the range of 8–11 Nm. Surface electromyography was employed for the measurement of MA, specifically, a four-channel Noraxon Mini DTS apparatus. The research was carried out on five patients from the group of C50 anthropometric dimensions. The effort was measured for four muscles: deltoid–anterior part, deltoid–posteriori part, and triceps brachii and extensor carpi radialis longus. The effectiveness of the hybrid propulsion system was observed based on the extensor carpi radialis longus muscle. In this case, for the standard wheelchair, the MA ranged from 93% to 123%. In contrast, for a wheelchair equipped with the hybrid propulsion system, at W = 70%, the MA was within the range of 43%–75%.
Design of a Height-Adjustable Boarding System for a New Double-Deck Railway Vehicle
Authors: Šťastniak Pavol , Rakár Michal , Tížek Jakub
Published: January 2023

This paper deals with a solution for faster and safer boarding and leaving of passengers at railway station platforms from 150 mm to 550 mm higher than the head of the rail. This conception is based on the requirements of railway infrastructure administrators, transporters and also manufacturers of passenger rolling stock. This device is designed for the new double-deck railway vehicle for suburban and regional transport, which fulfils legislative and normative requirements that are specified for the selected area of vehicle construction and operational features. Selected parts of the construction were verified through a series of simulation analyses. This article also includes a study that deals with optimization of the boarding area considering designed changes in the construction of the floor and a draft for modification of the vertical clearance of the boarding entrance area in a rough construction of the vehicle.
Thermal Performance of the Thermal Storage Energy with Phase Change Material
Authors: Bałon Paweł , Kiełbasa Bartłomiej , Kowalski Łukasz , Smusz Robert
Published: January 2023

Values of energy supply and demand vary within the same timeframe and are not equal. Consequently, to minimise the amount of energy wasted, there is a need to use various types of energy storing systems. Recently, one can observe a trend in which phase change materials (PCM) have gained popularity as materials that can store an excess of heat energy. In this research, the authors analysed paraffin wax (cheese wax)’s capability as a PCM energy storing material for a low temperature energy-storage device. Due to the relatively low thermal conductivity of wax, the authors also analysed open-cell ceramic Al2O3/SiC composite foams’ (in which the PCM was dispersed) influence on heat exchange process. Thermal analysis on paraffin wax was performed, determining its specific heat in liquid and solid state, latent heat (LH) of melting, melting temperature and thermal conductivity. Thermal tests were also performed on thermal energy container (with built-in PCM and ceramic foams) for transient heat transfer. Heat transfer coefficient and value of accumulated energy amount were determined.
Assessment of the Impact of Wear and Tear of Rubber Elements in Tracked Mechanism on the Dynamic Loads of High-Speed Tracked Vehicles
Authors: Rybak Piotr , Hryciów Zdzisław , Michałowski Bogusław , Wiśniewski Andrzej
Published: January 2023

The operation of high-speed tracked vehicles takes place in difficult terrain conditions. Hence, to obtain a high operational reliability, the design or modernisation process must be precise and should consider even the slightest details. The article presents issues related to the problem of formulating vehicle models using partial models of flexible elements used in tracked mechanisms. Changes occurring in the shape and properties of elements such as track pads and roadwheel bandages as a consequence of operating conditions are presented. These changes are reflected in the presented elastic–damping characteristics of components of the crawler mechanism. Numerical studies have shown that deterioration of chassis suspension components after a significant mileage may increase dynamic loads (forces) acting on the running gear. Increased forces in the running gear naturally result in increased stresses in the road surface on which the vehicle is travelling, which can pose a danger (or excessive wear and tear) to road infrastructure components such as culverts, bridges and viaducts. In the literature, model tests of objects are carried out on models that represent new vehicles, and the characteristics of the adopted elements correspond to elements not affected by the process and operating conditions. Its influence should not be ignored in the design, testing and running of a special vehicle. The tracked mechanism, as running gear, is designed for special high-speed vehicles for off-road and off-road driving. Its design ensures high off-road traversability. The dynamic loads originating from off-road driving are superimposed on those generated by the engine, drive train and interaction of the tracks with the roadwheels, sprocket, idler and supporting tracks return rollers.