bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Massive Assessment of the Geometries of Atmospheric Molecular Clusters
Authors: Jensen Andreas Buchgraitz , Elm Jonas
Published: August 2024

Atmospheric molecular clusters are important for the formation of new aerosol particles in the air. However, current experimental techniques are not able to yield direct insight into the cluster geometries. This implies that to date there is limited information about how accurately the applied computational methods depict the cluster structures. Here we massively benchmark the molecular geometries of atmospheric molecular clusters. We initially assess how well different DF-MP2 approaches reproduce the geometries of 45 dimer clusters obtained at a high DF-CCSD(T)-F12b/cc-pVDZ-F12 level of theory. Based on the results we find that the DF-MP2/aug-cc-pVQZ level of theory best resembles the DF-CCSD(T)-F12b/cc-pVDZ-F12 reference level. We subsequently optimize 1283 acid–base cluster structures (up to tetramers) at the DF-MP2/aug-cc- pVQZ level of theory and assess how more approximate methods reproduce the geometries. Out of the tested semi-empirical methods, we find that the newly parameterized atmospheric molecular cluster extended tight binding method (AMC-xTB) is most re- liable for locating the correct lowest energy configuration and yield the lowest RMSD compared to the reference level. In addition, we find that the DFT-3c methods show similar performance as the usually employed ωB97X-D/6-31++G(d,p) level of theory at a potentially reduced computational cost. This suggests that these methods could prove valuable for large-scale screenings of cluster structures in the future.
JAK inhibition with tofacitinib rapidly increases contractile force in human skeletal muscle
Authors: Shrager Joseph B , Randle Ryan , Lee Myung , Ahmed Syed Saadan , Trope Winston , Lui Natalie , Poultsides George , Liou Doug , Visser Brendan , Norton Jeffrey A , Nesbit Shannon M , He Hao , Kapula Ntemena , Wallen Bailey , Fatodu Emmanuel , Sadeghi Cheyenne A , Konsker Harrison B , Elliott Irmina , Guenthart Brandon , Backhus Leah , Cooke Roger , Berry Mark , Tang Huibin
Published: August 2024

Reduction in muscle contractile force associated with many clinical conditions incurs serious morbidity and increased mortality. Here, we report the first evidence that JAK inhibition impacts contractile force in normal human muscle. Muscle biopsies were taken from patients who were randomized to receive tofacitinib (n = 16) or placebo (n = 17) for 48 h. Single-fiber contractile force and molecular studies were carried out. The contractile force of individual diaphragm myofibers pooled from the tofacitinib group (n = 248 fibers) was significantly higher than those from the placebo group (n = 238 fibers), with a 15.7% greater mean maximum specific force (P= 0.0016). Tofacitinib treatment similarly increased fiber force in the serratus anterior muscle. The increased force was associated with reduced muscle protein oxidation and FoxO-ubiquitination–proteasome signaling, and increased levels of smooth muscle MYLK. Inhibition of MYLK attenuated the tofacitinib-dependent increase in fiber force. These data demonstrate that tofacitinib increases the contractile force of skeletal muscle and offers several underlying mechanisms. Inhibition of the JAK-STAT pathway is thus a potential new therapy for the muscle dysfunction that occurs in many clinical conditions.
A disgraceful tale of déjà vu
Authors: Barton Francois , Beaglehole Toby
Published: August 2024

In August 2023, the Business Leaders’ Health and Safety Forum (the “Forum”) published its inaugural State of a Thriving Nation (Eaqub, 2023) report. While many of those working closely with the health and safety system in New Zealand may not have been surprised by the report’s key findings – the $4.4 billion annual cost of New Zealand’s health and safety performance and how we’re continuing to drag behind comparable nations such as Australia and the UK in terms of worker harm rates – it caused many to stop and consider exactly what is going wrong in Aotearoa.
New Zealand Health and Safety System in 2024
Authors: O'Brien Mike
Published: August 2024

Welcome to the second edition of the New Zealand Journal of Health and Safety Practice. The first edition explored issues relevant to health and safety practice in 2024. This edition’s theme is the New Zealand workplace health and safety system. It appears as a response to the Coalition Government’s proposed “Reform [of] health and safety law and regulation” (Luxon & Seymour, 2023, p. 5). This has led to a “Major health and safety consultation” (Van Velden, 2024).
CT and MRI Findings of Intracranial Cavernous Hemangioma Malformation
Authors: Zhang Guoping , Chen Xiaoli
Published: August 2024

Objective: To investigate the computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of cavernous hemangioma malformation (CHM) to enhance diagnostic accuracy. Methods: The CT and MRI findings and clinical information of 23 patients with CHM were retrospectively analyzed. Results: CT examinations were conducted in 7 cases, while MRI was utilized in 23 cases. Additionally, SWI was employed in 5 cases and enhanced imaging techniques were applied in 14 cases. Among the observed lesions, 20 cases presented with a singular lesion, whereas 3 cases exhibited multiple lesions. The lesions were located in 8 frontal lobes, 6 cerebellums, 2 brainstems, 6 temporal lobes, 1 basal ganglia, 3 parieto-occipital lobes, and 2 thalamus regions. The nodules appeared as quasi-circular lesions with clear or well-defined boundaries. They presented as isodense lesions on CT scans, with one lesion showing peritumoral edema. On MRI, T1-weighted imaging (T1WI) demonstrated isointense signals, while T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) showed isointense and hyperintense signals. Additionally, 10 lesions exhibited a low signal ring on T2WI. Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) revealed nodular or isointense low signals, while susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) displayed enlarged areas of low signal. Fourteen lesions underwent contrast-enhanced scanning, with 2 lesions showing no obvious enhancement, 1 lesion demonstrating mild to moderate enhancement, and 11 lesions exhibiting significant enhancement. Notably, 6 of these enhanced lesions were surrounded by small blood vessels. Conclusion: Cavernous hemangioma malformation is more commonly found in individual cases. CT alone lacks specificity, making it prone to misdiagnosis. A more comprehensive evaluation of cavernous hemangioma malformation can be achieved through a combination of MRI, DWI, SWI, and enhanced examination, providing valuable references for clinical assessment.
Demand and Analysis of Clinical Research Curriculum in Medical Universities
Authors: Liu Jingxuan , Wang Li
Published: August 2024

Objective: To investigate the needs of medical students regarding clinical research curricula to provide scientifically sound offerings and cultivate their clinical research thinking. Methods: From June to October 2022, medical students at medical universities in Shaanxi Province were surveyed using online questionnaires. The survey covered their demographic information, awareness of their major, understanding of clinical research, and preferences for curriculum content. Results: A total of 341 valid questionnaires were analyzed. Medical students demonstrated a strong awareness of their majors but a relatively low awareness of clinical research. There was significant demand for clinical research courses, with preferences for professionally oriented (81.8%), market-oriented (100%), theoretically and practically integrated teaching (78.6%), and application-focused (73.0%) courses. Conclusion: Medical colleges and universities should align clinical research curricula with the actual needs of medical students and clinical practice. Reforms in curriculum design and teaching methods are essential to better prepare students for careers in public health.
Study on the Therapeutic Effects and Mechanisms of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Carrying NGF Gene in Treating Ischemic Stroke in Rats
Authors: Li Bingqian , Xu Xuanxuan , Zhou Wenqin , Wang Peng
Published: August 2024

Objective: To investigate the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of human mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (hMSCs-Exo) carrying the NGF gene in treating ischemic stroke in rats, aiming to provide new insights and treatment methods for ischemic stroke therapy. Methods: After successful construction of the cerebral ischemia model in 40 male SPF-grade SD rats aged 6–8 weeks, the model rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: Sham group, PBS group, hMSCs-Exo group, and NGF-hMSCs-Exo group, with 10 rats in each group. The rat MCAO model was prepared using the classic filament method, and NGF-hMSCs-Exo were injected via the tail vein into the MCAO model rats. The expression of the NGF gene in brain ischemic tissues, neuronal regeneration, and rat neurological function recovery were observed using TTC staining, memory function evaluation, Western blot, qRT-PCR, and other methods. Results: Compared with the Sham group, neurological deficits were significant in the PBS group (P < 0.01). Compared with the PBS group, neurological scores improved in the hMSCs-Exo group and NGF-hMSCs-Exo group (P < 0.05). Compared with the hMSCs-Exo group, the improvement in neurological deficits was more significant in the NGF-hMSCs-Exo group (P < 0.05). The infarct area after NGF-hMSCs-Exo intervention was significantly reduced (P < 0.05) compared with the Sham group. Compared with the PBS group, relative expression levels of NGF mRNA and protein decreased, while Caspase-3 mRNA and protein expression significantly increased in the PBS group (P < 0.01). Compared with the PBS group and hMSCs-Exo group, there were differences in NGF and Caspase-3 mRNA and protein expression in the NGF-hMSCs-Exo group rat brain tissues (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Treatment with human mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes carrying the NGF gene improves cognitive function and exerts protective effects on SD rats while inhibiting apoptotic levels in cells.
Mutual examination of corrosion and wear resistance of sandblasting and etching surface treatments applied to AISI 316L stainless steel
Authors: Acar Muhammet Taha
Published: August 2024

Since AISI 316L stainless steel has excellent mechanical qualities and resistance to corrosion, it is widely used in many different industries. Surface treatments like etching and sandblasting are frequently used to improve the surface properties for certain uses. It is still difficult to comprehend how these treatments affect the material’s resistance to corrosion and wear, though. In this work, we methodically examine how sandblasting and etching affect AISI 316L stainless steel’s resistance to corrosion and wear. We assess the morphological, chemical, and performance changes brought about by these treatments using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, microhardness testing, and tribological analysis. Our findings show that the surface morphology and chemistry are dramatically changed by both treatments, which has an impact on the corrosion and wear behavior of the material. The best wear resistance was obtained from the sandblasted sample (0.64 x10−3 mm3/Nm) and the best corrosion resistance was obtained from the untreated sample. The optimization of surface treatment techniques for stainless steel alloys in many industrial applications is facilitated by these findings.
THE MAIN MEASURES TO PREVENT DIGITAL CRIME
Authors: Sidorova Ekaterina , Usov Evgeny
Published: August 2024

The article presents a general description of the main measures to prevent digital crime. According to the authors, digital (cyber) crimes should include all types of criminally punishable acts committed using modern digital technologies. And since digital technologies are widely used in everyday life, the risk of becoming a victim of a digital crime increases significantly. That is why, in the modern pe-riod of society's development, it is very important to pay attention to the prevention of digital crime. The authors emphasize that the prevention of digital crimes is based on the regulatory regulation of relations in the field of digital technologies. Relying on the current legislation, the subjects of preven-tion ensure the prevention of cybercrime. In the fight against digital crimes, the institute of infor-mation and analytical support is of great importance, which is not limited only to the use of mass me-dia and the Internet. Information and analytical support also involves the use of various information databases, various software aimed at timely receipt of operationally relevant information necessary for the successful prevention and suppression of digital crimes committed. The prevention of digital crime is impossible without carrying out various operational investigative measures carried out by employees of operational units. Engaged in the suppression and disclosure of cybercrime, employ-ees of these units implement the law enforcement function of the state. At the same time, the opera-tional units of the internal affairs bodies have at their disposal both public (open) and secret methods of conducting operational search activities. At the end of the study, the authors emphasize that the suppression and disclosure of digital crimes is multifaceted. Only an integrated, comprehensive approach to the prevention of digital crime can bring effective results and reduce the indicators of this type of crime.
Análise da eficiência operacional e da expansão de postos de atendimentos de cooperativismo de crédito brasileiro
Authors: Castro Camila Ferreira , Bressan Valéria Gama Fully , Souza Gustavo Henrique Dias
Published: August 2024

Este estudo avaliou como se comportou a eficiência operacional a partir das estratégias de expansão ou não dos Postos de Atendimento Cooperativos (PACs) em relação ao market share das cooperativas. Os dados foram extraídos do Banco Central do Brasil, e as cooperativas foram divididas em três grupos – as que expandiram, as que estagnaram e as que contraíram seus PACs, totalizando 797 cooperativas de crédito analisadas. Utilizou-se o teste de Wilcoxon para comparar medianas de market share e eficiência de cada grupo para os anos de 2016 e de 2021. O teste de Kruskall-Wallis também foi utilizado para comparar as taxas de crescimento desses indicadores entre os três grupos. Os resultados mostram que cooperativas que expandiram seus postos de atendimento ampliaram o market share em termos de ativo total e de número de cooperados, além de conseguirem evolução na eficiência operacional, enquanto as cooperativas que estagnaram ou diminuíram seu número de PACs perderam market share em ambas as métricas. Dessa forma, a expansão dos postos de atendimento sugere benefícios para o desempenho operacional e de mercado das cooperativas de crédito no cenário brasileiro, o que pode contribuir para a manutenção de suas atividades.
Palavras-chave: Cooperativas de Crédito. Eficiência. Participação de Mercado.
Operational efficiency analysis and expansion of service points in Brazilian credit cooperativism
Abstract
This study evaluated how the operational efficiency behaved from the expansion strategies or not of the Cooperative Service Centers (PACs) in relation to the market share of the cooperatives. The data were extracted from the Central Bank of Brazil, and the cooperatives were divided into three groups – those that expanded, stagnated, and those that contracted their PACs, totalizing 797 credit unions analyzed. The Wilcoxon test was used to compare the medians of market share and efficiency of each group for the years 2016 and 2021. The Kruskall-Wallis test was also used to compare the growth rates of these indicators among the three groups. The results show that cooperatives that expanded their service stations increased their market share in terms of total assets and numbers of cooperative members, in addition to achieving an improvement in operational efficiency, while cooperatives that stagnated or reduced their PACs lost market share in both metrics. Thus, the expansion of service stations suggests benefits for the operational and market performance of credit unions in the Brazilian scenario, which can contribute to the maintenance of their activities.
Keywords: Credit unions. Efficiency. Market share.
Evaluation of the Relationship between University Students’ Attitudes to Dating Violence, Gender Attitudes, Self-Esteem and Personality Traits
Authors: TERZİOĞLU Füsun , GENCBAŞ Dercan , DELİBALTA Rukiye TÜRK , AKDENİZ Canberk , ÖZDEN Esra , YEŞİLFİDAN Cansu
Published: August 2024

Aim: In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the relationship between the dating violence attitudes, gender attitudes, self-esteem and personality traits of university students in two different regions of Türkiye. Methods: The study
design is a cross-sectional comparative. This cross-sectional comparative study consisted of 2500 university students at two universities and data were collected by a Data Collection Form, the Dating-Violence Attitude Scale, the
Gender-Roles Attitude Scale, Inventory the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale and The Five-Factor Personality. The study was conducted between October 2018 and January 2019. Results: Female students in both universities showed a more
positive attitude towards dating-violence (p<0.001), gender-roles (p<0.001) scored higher in self-esteem (p=0.034) than males. Whereas females were found to be more extraverted, compatible, harmonious, responsible (p<0.05),
openness personality subscale scores yielded no significant difference. Conclusion: It is vital to evaluate dating violence attitudes with mentioned variables and to organize awareness initiations to forestall dating violence in
youth.
Using ChatGPT as a Support Tool in Writing a Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing Care Plan
Authors: AKGÜN Bahanur MALAK
Published: August 2024

Amaç: Üretken Ön İşlemeli Dönüştürücü’nün (Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer (ChatGPT)) oluşturduğu hemşirelik bakım planının kalitesi değerlendirilmiştir. Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı ve karşılaştırmalı tasarımda yapılan çalışma 19 Eylül
2023 tarihinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Leman Birol’un hemşirelik süreci adlı kitabında bipolar bozuklukla ilgili bakım planı örneğindeki hasta anamnezi, ChatGPT’ye tanıtılmıştır. ChatGPT’nin oluşturduğu bakım planı, bakım planı örneğine
ve NANDA hemşirelik tanılarına göre değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular: ChatGPT, bakım planındaki basamakları doğru açıklamıştır. Bakım planının hasta için “güvenliğin sağlanması, psikiyatrik değerlendirme ve ilaç tedavisi, fiziksel
sağlık bakımı, psikososyal destek, uyku düzeni iyileştirme, eğitim, günlük ilerlemenin izlemesi” başlıklarından oluşmasını ve “bireysel ihtiyaçlara göre düzenlenmesini” önermiştir. Hastaya “Riskli Davranış: Kendine ve Başkalarına
Zarar Verme, Bilgi Eksikliği: Bipolar Bozukluk ve Tedavi Yönetimi, Yetersiz Kişisel Bakım, Düzensiz Uyku Düzeni ve Sosyal İzolasyon ve Aile İlişkilerinde Sorun” tanılarını koymuştur. Hastanın fiziksel gereksinimlerini eksiksiz
saptamış, hastanın ruh sağlığı hemşireliği bakımında değerlendirilmesi gerekli olan bazı sorunlarına (hastalığına bağlı kaygısındaki artış nedeniyle düşünce sürecindeki bozulma gibi) yönelik tespitlerde bulunamazken, örnek bakım
planında bulunmayan hastanın bilgi eksikliğine değinmiştir. Sonuç: Doğru komutlar girildiğinde ChatGPT, hastanın tüm gereksinimlerini içeren bir bakım planı oluşturabilir. Doğru komutların girilebilmesi, ChatGPT’nin oluşturduğu
bakım planının değerlendirilebilmesi için belli bir mesleki bilgi birikiminin, deneyimin olması gerekmektedir. ChatGPT’nin oluşturduğu bakım planı hemşirelik hizmetlerinde bir bakım planı taslağı olarak kullanılabilir.
Examining the Effect of Preoperative Anxiety Levels of Patients Undergoing Heart Valve Surgery on the Postoperative Intensive Care Unit Stay: Descriptive Study
Authors: DOĞAN Tuğba , ÇETİNKAYA Meral YILDIRIM , YILMAZ Şerife
Published: August 2024

Amaç: Bu çalışma, kalp kapağı ameliyatı öncesi hastaların kaygı düzeylerinin ameliyat sonrası yoğun bakımda kalış süresine etkisini incelenmesi amacıyla yapıldı. Gereç ve Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı olarak planlanan bu araştırma, Mart- Ağustos
2019 tarihleri arasında Koşuyolu Yüksek İhtisas Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, kardiyovasküler cerrahi kliniklerinde yatan kalp kapağı ameliyatı geçiren 160 hasta ile yapıldı. Araştırma verileri, “Kişisel Bilgi Formu” ve “Ameliyata
Özgü Kaygı Ölçeği” formları kullanılarak yüz yüze görüşme yöntemi ile toplandı. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler (ortalama, standart sapma, medyan, frekans, yüzde, minimum, maksimum) ve nicel değişkenler
için Kolmogrov Smirnov testi, Student t Test, Mann Whitney U testi, One-wayAnova Testi, Bonferroni testi ile Kruskal Wallis testi kullanıldı. Anlamlılık düzeyi en az p<0.05 olarak kabul edildi. Bulgular: Katılımcılar 19-82 yaş
aralığında olup, yaş ortalamaları 58.2±13.4’tür. Katılımcıların ameliyattan önce hastanede, ameliyattan sonra yoğun bakımda ve hastanede kalış süreleri ile Ameliyata Özgü Kaygı Ölçeği puanları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı
farklılığa rastlanmamıştır. Sonuç: Araştırmada kadın hastaların erkek hastalara, sosyoekonomik düzeyi düşük hastaların sosyoekonomik düzeyi yüksek hastalara oranla kaygı düzeylerinin daha yüksek olduğu; hastaların ameliyattan sonra
yoğun bakımda kalış süreleri ile Ameliyata Özgü Kaygı Ölçeği puanları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki olmadığı belirlendi.
Investigation of Nursing Diagnoses Determined by Students Taking Pediatric Nursing Course in Clinical Practice
Authors: AŞKAN Fahri , SEKMEN Rasim
Published: August 2024

Amaç: Araştırma, hemşirelik öğrencilerinin çocuk sağlığı ve hastalıkları hemşireliği (ÇSHH) dersinin klinik uygulamasında bakım verdikleri çocuklarda ve çocukların ailelerinde saptadıkları hemşirelik tanılarının belirlenmesi amacıyla
tanımlayıcı olarak yapılmıştır. Yöntemler: Araştırmanın evrenini, Van Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi’nde Ekim -Aralık 2023 tarihleri arasında, ÇSHH dersinin klinik uygulamasına çıkan hemşirelik öğrencileri
oluşturmuştur. Araştırma verileri, hemşirelik öğrencilerinin klinik uygulamada hazırladıkları, Gordon’un Fonksiyonel Sağlık Örüntüleri (FSÖ) modeline göre hazırlanan hasta tanılama formu ve bakım planı formu kullanılmıştır. Hemşirelik
tanıları, Gordon’un FSÖ modeline (NANDA tanı listesi (2021-2023)) göre sınıflandırılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Öğrencilerin hazırlamış olduğu 112 bakım planı formunda toplam
561 hemşirelik tanısı incelenmiş olup 82 farklı hemşirelik tanısı saptadıkları belirlenmiştir. Çocuk kliniklerde en sık konulan hemşirelik tanılarının; enfeksiyon riski (%7,67), dengesiz beslenme: beden gereksinimden az (%6,41),
akut ağrı (%5,70), bilgi eksikliği (%4,63), uyku örüntüsünde bozulma (%4,46), etkisiz solunum örüntüsü (%4,27) ve çocuk düşme riski (%4,27) olduğu belirlenmiştir. Sonuç: Çocuk kliniklerinde uygulamaya çıkan öğrencilerin, çocuklara-ailelerine
yönelik saptadıkları hemşirelik tanılarının basit görülebilen daha çok güvenlik/koruma alanına yönelik olduğu belirlenmiştir. Öğrenci hemşireler, hemşirelik uygulamaları esnasında çocuklara ve ailelerine bütüncül yaklaşım yönünden
yeterli bakım verilmediğini saptamıştır. Çocuk kliniklerinde uygulamaya çıkan öğrencilere, hemşirelik sürecinin pekiştirilmesi ve çocuk-ailesini bütüncül değerlendirebilmeleri için vaka araştırmalarının arttırılmasının yararlı
olacağı düşünülmektedir
The Prohibition of Asking Positions in Hadith: Perspectives from Banjarmasin City Ulema
Authors: Abdillah Muhammad Torieq , Na'imah Hayatun
Published: August 2024

This research was conducted in the city of Banjarmasin against the backdrop of political turmoil during the 2020 Pilkada for Mayor and Deputy Mayor of Banjarmasin. The Pilkada results were disputed and reported to the South Kalimantan Bawaslu and the Constitutional Court. Moreover, there are numerous hadiths that address the prohibition of seeking positions of power. If interpreted literally, these hadiths clearly prohibit such actions, making it essential to seek the opinions of scholars, including those from Banjarmasin City. This empirical juridical research, employing a legal sociology approach, involved eight Banjarmasin city scholars as subjects and focused on the hadith concerning the prohibition of seeking positions as the object. The study was conducted through observation, interviews, and documentation, followed by data collection and descriptive analysis. The results indicate that the majority of Banjarmasin City scholars interpret the hadith on the prohibition of seeking positions both textually and contextually. These scholars adhere to the interpretations (syarah) of previous scholars. Furthermore, the majority believe that running for leadership in a democratic system and asking for office can be either the same or different, depending on the specific conditions. Some scholars see similarities between the two, while others do not.
Concept of Kafā’Ah in Marriage and Its Implementation among the Alawiyin Community in the Medan City, Indonesia
Authors: Sadiqin Hasanah , Syam Syafruddin , Yazid Imam
Published: August 2024

This research delves into the application of the Kafa'ah concept in Alawi marriages in Medan City. Kafa'ah, a regulated Islamic principle, emphasizes equality and suitability in selecting life partners, considering factors such as religion, lineage, wealth, and morality. Through literature review, interviews with key figures like Habib HA and Habib MA, and direct observation, the study examines how Alawis prioritize Kafa'ah nasab as the primary criterion for their offspring's marriages. The findings highlight the community's commitment to preserving the lineage of Prophet Muhammad, with most adhering strictly to Kafa'ah principles. However, a minority engages in marriages deviating from Kafa'ah, influenced by factors like awareness, territorial location, education, and economic demands. Data analysis exposes differing views between Alawis and mainstream fiqh scholars regarding Kafa'ah, aligning with the Hanbali school's mandate for its application. The study also uncovers a dilemma among sharifah, facing challenges in finding spouses within the sayyid community, necessitating consideration of marriages with non-sayyid individuals. This research contributes valuable insights into Alawi marriage dynamics in Medan City, shedding light on the implications of Kafa'ah nasab in preserving the lineage of Prophet Muhammad. Recommendations include maintaining community awareness and solidarity, with Rabithah Alawiyah involvement to address the struggles of sharifah seeking partners within the sayyid community.
Prohibition of Interfaith Marriage: An Analysis of Judicial Guidelines for Adjudicating Marriage Registration Applications Among Different Religions and Belief
Authors: Yusuf Raja Asauqi Muhammad , Lubis Fauziah
Published: August 2024

Marriage in Indonesia aims to form a happy and lasting family, with its validity based on religious laws as per Article 2 Paragraph (1) of the Marriage Law. Despite this, interfaith marriages present legal ambiguities as some religions do not prohibit such unions, leading to varied judicial decisions and interpretations. The legal gaps in Indonesia's 1974 Marriage Law concerning interfaith marriages necessitate standardization in judicial practice. Supreme Court Circular Letter (SEMA) No. 2 of 2023 was issued to address these inconsistencies and provide clear guidelines for judges. This study utilizes qualitative descriptive analysis, combining literature reviews and interviews with judges at the Lubuk Pakam Religious Court, to assess the impact of SEMA No. 2 of 2023 on interfaith marriage registration cases. Judges possess ex officio rights to make decisions based on legal and logical considerations, ensuring justice and utility. The study found that religious institutions primarily handle marriage registration, with the Civil Registry Office recording only same-faith marriages and District Courts occasionally handling interfaith unions. The multi-interpretative nature of the Marriage Law leads to complex judicial and social implications in religiously diverse regions like Lubuk Pakam. SEMA No. 2 of 2023 aims to standardize judicial practices and provide legal certainty regarding interfaith marriages. Although it is primarily an internal directive, its influence extends to public awareness and judicial consistency. The study highlights the necessity for thorough understanding and dissemination of SEMA among judges to ensure lawful and uniform application.
Comparative Study of Inheritance Rights In Islam And Civil Law: Analysis of Mashlahah and Maqashid al-Syari`ah
Authors: Al fadli OK. Muhammad , Syam Syafruddin , Nasution Muhammad Syukri Albani
Published: August 2024

The division of inheritance in the Malay community of Batubara Regency is carried out under prevailing traditional customs. It makes Faraidh law the final (alternative) way after discovering problems during the distribution of inheritance. This article analyzes the review of maslahah and maqashid ash-syari'ah on normal inheritance distribution for the people of Batubara Regency. This research is field research with an empirical study approach. This study found that customary inheritance distribution for the people of Batubara Regency was carried out in various ways, according to the conditions of each inheritance problem. When a wife dies (heir), the inheritance will be directly divided under Islamic inheritance law's provisions; the distribution period is no sooner than 40 days and a maximum of 6 (six) months. If the husband dies (heir), then generally, the inheritance is not distributed until the wife or mother of the heir dies, the heirs of the father or mother are often neglected, and ownership of the house goes to the youngest child or children who live together the heir during life, control of the inheritance is controlled by the eldest son. The customary practice of inheritance distribution for the people of Batubara Regency, which makes the foundation of benefit in the distribution of inheritance in the people of Batubara Regency, is mashlahah mulghah, contrary to the texts of the Koran and the hadiths of the Prophet SAW. In addition, in the maqashid asy-shari'ah scale, it is not achieved regarding the hajiyyat case, namely hifzhul mal
Impact of Fatwa Upon Bank Interest ban On The Development of Islamic Banking in Indonesia
Authors: Ambarwati Diana
Published: August 2024

The purpose of this article is to describe the impact of bank interest ban fatwa on the development of Islamic Banks in Indonesia. Fatwa of the Indonesian Ulama Council number 1 of 2004 is the basis for various parties to contribute to realizing competitive Islamic banking. This fatwa has encouraged the Government to issue various rules in the form of laws and government regulations related to banking. The issuance of this rule is a serious proof of the government’s commitment to provide more space for the development of Islamic banking in Indonesia, in addition to being a proof of appreciation for the issuance of bank interest ban fatwa by the Indonesian Ulema Council. In addition, the bank’s fatwa on the ban on bungan has encouraged the role of the community to contribute real to the development of Islamic banking. The emergence of the Association of Islamic Economists (IAEI), sharia economic community (MES), the National Committee of Islamic finance which is now renamed to the National Committee of Islamic Economics and Finance (KNEKS) is a concrete evidence of community contribution to socialize and strengthen Islamic banking.
Defense Against Criminal Theft Perpetrators Based on Islamic Law
Authors: Manullang Muhammad Abdi , Pagar Pagar , Siregar Ramadhan Syahmedi
Published: August 2024

This study aims to describe the legality of the defense of suspected perpetrators of criminal acts of theft carried out by LBH SIKAP based on Islamic law. This study is a field research (empirical study), using the results of observations and interviews with LBH SIKAP Advocates of Dairi Regency and the people of Dairi Regency as primary sources. Secondary sources include laws and regulations, including the Criminal Code (KUHP) and Law Number 16 of 2011 concerning Legal Aid. The results of the study: The practice of efforts to defend suspects in the crime of theft carried out by LBH SIKAP by way of direct assistance when the perpetrators are still at the investigation level; LBH SIKAP will provide assistance until the file is brought to the prosecutor's office so that the prosecution is carried out immediately, to assist the person who has the status of a defendant before the Panel of Judges of the Sidikalang District Court. The defense carried out by LBH SIKAP was carried out based on a request from the perpetrator or the perpetrator's family after an arrest by the police. LBH SIKAP advocates studied the files; then, the family approached the perpetrators to provide protection and assistance. The defense of suspected perpetrators of the crime of theft carried out by LBH SIKAP based on Islamic law is not prohibited. In general, the defense carried out by LBH SIKAP is part of professionalism and has been guaranteed by law.
Analysis of Waiting Period for Men after Divorce Perspective of Jamaluddin Aṭiyah's Maqaṣid Sharia Theory
Authors: Hasanuddin Hasanuddin , Nasution Muhammad Syukri Albani , Yazid Imam
Published: August 2024

The Director General of Islamic Religious Institutional Development again issued Circular Number P-005 / DJ. III/Hk.00.7/10/2021 concerning marriage during the iddah period, according to the provisions of the circular "an ex-husband man can marry another woman when the iddah period of his ex-wife has ended". This article attempts to further analyze the waiting period for men due to talak raj'i divorce using Jamaluddin Aṭiyah's theory of maqashid as-sharia. This research is normative legal research. In the perspective of Maqashid As-Sharia proposed by Jamaluddin Aṭiyah, the regulation of waiting periods for men after divorce not only reflects aspects of Islamic law governing divorce, but also serves as a means to achieve broader goals in the lives of individuals, families, communities, and humanity by Islamic values. With this approach, the regulation has a profound impact on various aspects of life-related to divorce.
ABORDAGENS CIRÚRGICAS NA VITRECTOMIA PARA DESCOLAMENTO DE RETINA REGMATOGÊNICO: ANÁLISE E PERSPECTIVAS
Authors: Sales Giselle Victória Alves , Silva Liliane Silveira da , Silva Guilherme Henrique Do Nascimento , Ferreira Igor Macedo , Souza Larissa Dantas
Published: August 2024

O descolamento de retina regmatogênico é uma condição oftalmológica séria que requer intervenção cirúrgica para prevenir a perda permanente da visão. A vitrectomia é uma das técnicas cirúrgicas utiliz
Intelligent Design of Ecological Furniture in Risk Areas based on Artificial Simulation
Authors: Torres del Salto Rommy Adelfa , Bryan Alfonso Colorado Pástor
Published: August 2024

The study is based on the characterization of different AI models applied in the public furniture design analyzing the conditions of risk, materiality, and integration of variables in two AI generative modeling algorithms. As risky since they contain flood-prone areas, low vegetation coverage, and underdevelopment of infrastructure; therefore, these characterizations are tested through artificial simulation. The experimental method is applied through laboratory tests of various material components and their structuring in 3D simulators to check their resistance and risk scenarios. The case study of one of the most risky and populated areas of the informal settlement area of the Northwest of Guayaquil, such as the Coop, is analyzed. Sergio Toral is the focal point for on-site testing. It is concluded that the generation of a planned scheme of ecological furniture with different materials responds more effectively to the territory and that through artificial simulation an advantage can be obtained in terms of execution time and results, thus demonstrating that artificial intelligence is an ideal tool. To generate furniture design proposals that are more diverse, innovative, and functional with the environment, but it generates a minimum level of error for specific designs in the experimental model_01 of 0.1% to 3% and a high level in the experimental model_02 with an increasing error from 20% to 70%. As a future line of research, it is proposed to generate a simulated system of all the new informal settlements in Guayaquil and establish focal points for the implementation of new ecological furniture.
Bem-Estar nas Escolhas Profissionais: Relato de Experiência em um Pré-Vestibular Popular
Authors: Matos Fabíola Rodrigues , Franco Eduardo Freitas , Massonetto Fernanda Barboza , Moro Gabriela Nicoleti , De Jesus Lívia Fonseca , Dias Mariza Rodrigues , Silva Sara Silveira
Published: August 2024

A escolha profissional repercute em vários aspectos psicológicos, visto que a construção de carreira abarca significativa importância ao indivíduo que busca sua autonomia. Este projeto de extensão teve o objetivo de desenvolver práticas que promovam bem-estar em um pré-vestibular popular de cidade do interior de Minas Gerais. Participaram 28 estudantes, sendo 85,7% do gênero feminino (N=24), com média de idade de 19 anos (DP= 7,4). As atividades do projeto de extensão ocorriam do modo grupal, com duração de aproximadamente uma hora. Ao término das intervenções os estudantes consideraram haver desenvolvimento significativo de habilidades para o manejo das emoções durante o período do vestibular. Discute-se a relevância de intervenções com esta população.
Advancing financial inclusion through fintech: Solutions for unbanked and underbanked populations
Authors: Adesola Oluwatosin Adelaja  , Stanley Chidozie Umeorah  , Bibitayo Ebunlomo Abikoye  , Michelle Chibogu Nezianya
Published: August 2024

This study explores the impact of financial technology (fintech) on enhancing financial inclusion for unbanked and underbanked populations. It examines the obstacles to accessing financial services and the innovative fintech solutions that address them. Approximately 1.4 billion adults globally remain unbanked, facing challenges such as geographical isolation, socioeconomic status, and gender disparities. Fintech offers a range of digital financial services, including mobile banking, digital payments, peer-to-peer lending, and blockchain solutions, which can enhance financial inclusion by delivering affordable and accessible services to underserved populations. This study also examines financial inclusion in the United States, where millions remain unbanked or underbanked due to cost and limited access to traditional banking services. Through a comprehensive analysis of case studies from countries like Kenya and India, where fintech innovations such as mobile money and Aadhaar-enabled payment systems have significantly increased financial access, the study highlights the transformative impact of fintech on financial inclusion. The study identifies critical challenges in fintech adoption, including regulatory hurdles and digital literacy. It proposes strategies for fostering an inclusive financial ecosystem that leverages technology to promote economic growth and poverty alleviation. By examining these factors, the study concludes that through strategic collaboration and investment in digital infrastructure, fintech can play a pivotal role in achieving universal financial inclusion, contributing to broader economic development and social equity.
Analysis of Indonesian Language Errors in the Hidden Novel
Authors: Yanti Dewi , Mubarok Yasir , Silmi Syafina Laila , Jayatri Putri
Published: August 2024

This research aims to describe the form of the misuse of Indonesian language errors in Hidden (2022) novel. This study utilized a qualitative method. Data was collected using document analysis. This study utilized data from the Hidden novel, which was published on Wattpad in 2022. The error analysis process involves data collection, error identification, error classification, error quantification, and error cause/source analysis. The results of this study show that there are several language errors in The Hidden novel on Wattpad. There are three types of errors: phonological errors (14%), syntactic errors (67%), and morphological errors (19%). First, errors at the phonological level which include errors in omission of phonemes. Second, errors in the syntactic level which included errors in the use of punctuation, the use of redundant words, parallel structure errors, unclear sentences, and spelling errors. Finally, errors at the morphological level which include errors in the use of the affixes di-, affixes -ke, and the use of affixes se-
Morphosemantics in Arabic Terms in the Covid-19 Pandemic Period
Authors: Nurhuda Zamzam , Absar Ulil , Suparno Darsita , Mubarok Yasir
Published: August 2024

The development of the term occurs in certain fields in accordance with the development of science. Currently, due to the Covid-19 pandemic, many new terms have surfaced, including in Arabic. Many popular terms have sprung up in conjunction with the Covid-19 outbreak. This study aims to determine Arabic terms during the Covid-19 pandemic. Either a term that has been known before, or a term that was only known after the Covid-19 pandemic. In addition, to find out terms that have gone through the arabization process, either through the al-ta'rib process (already included in the Arabic wazans) or in the form of al-mu'arrab (not yet included in the Arabic wazans). This study uses a qualitative descriptive method. Data collection techniques used listening techniques, note-taking techniques, identification and data classification. Then, the data were analyzed and concluded. The main sources in this study consisted of online Arabic mass media which contained news related to the Covid-19 pandemic such as al-Jazeera, al-‘Arabaiyah, al-Ittihad, al-Masr al-Yaum, and BBC News. The secondary sources in this study consisted of books and journals on terms such as lexicology, morphology, semantics and dictionaries related to Covid-19 terms. The results of this study include: first, the formation of Arabic terms in the Covid-19 pandemic both existing and non-existent terms. Second, to find out the morphological review of the formation of Arabic terms in the Covid-19 pandemic era. Third, to find out the semantic review of the formation of the Arabic language in the era of the Covid-19 pandemic.
Optimism Dimensions in Interstellar Movie by Christopher Nolan
Authors: Palupi Muji Endah , Adrian Fadilah , Susilawati Susilawati
Published: August 2024

The purpose of this research is to analyze the optimism dimensions and impacts of optimism found in the main characters in Interstellar, a movie by Christopher Nolan released in 2014. A descriptive qualitative method with a content analysis method was employed in this study. The data were collected using a literary study technique from the movie conversation. The data were analyzed using the optimism theory suggested by Seligman (2006). The results revealed that the optimistic dimensions found in this movie consist of permanence or immortality, pervasiveness, and personalization. These values are viewed as having impacts on the other movie characters, which reduces the attitude of pessimism and prejudice as well as leads experience to an optimistic stance. The findings imply that optimism values influence people to act, or even change their perspectives. A much deeper investigation of another crucial value in this movie is recommended as a reflection of the current literary works.
Efektivitas Penggunaan Kahoot Dalam Upaya Meningkatkan Minat Belajar Peserta Didik Pada Pembelajaran Geografi Fase E SMAN 10 Padang
Authors: Falah Nur , Suasti Yurni
Published: August 2024

Tulisan artikel ini menbahas tentang keefektifan penggunaan media kahoot dalam upaya meningkatkan minat belajar peserta didik pada pelajaran geografi Fase E SMAN 10 Padang. Penulisan artikel ini menggunakan metode desain Experimental dengan pendekatan kuantitatif dan pengumpulan data melalui angket. Analisis statistik yang digunakan yaitu korelasi product moment untuk menguji validitas dan croncbach’s alpha untuk uji reabilitas instrumen. Metode Shapiro wilk untuk menguji normalitas data, dan statistic diskriptif untuk menguji homogenitas, independent sampel t test untuk menguji hipotesis dan untuk mengetahui efektifitas media kahoot dalam upaya meningkatkan minat belajar menggunakan Uji N-Gain. Hasil uji hipotesis data minat belajar siswa menggunakan indenpendent samples t test, data minat belajar siswa menunjukkan bahwa thitung>ttabel (4.282>1.995) dengan signifikansi 0,000. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian keefektifan dengan N-Gain Score, diperoleh data minat belajar siswa menunjukkan nilai Gain score 65%, dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa media kahoot cukup efektif meningkatkan minat balajar siswa.Kata kunci: Minat belajar, geografi, kahoot
Characteristics and Factors of 30-Day Readmissions after Hospitalization for Acute Heart Failure in China
Authors: Pu Boxuan , Wang Wei , Yu Yanwu , Peng Yue , Lei Lubi , Li Jingkuo , Zhang Lihua , Li Jing
Published: August 2024

Background: Patients with acute heart failure (HF) are at high risk of 30-day readmission. Little is known about the characteristics and associated factors of 30-day readmissions among patients with acute HF in China. Methods: We enrolled consecutive patients hospitalized for acute HF and discharged from 52 hospitals in China from August 2016 to May 2018. We describe the rate of 30-day readmission, the time interval from discharge to readmission, and the causes of readmission. We also analyzed the factors associated with readmission risk by fitting multivariate Cox proportional hazards models. Results: We included 4875 patients with a median age of 67 years (interquartile range, 57–75), 3045 (62.5%) of whom were male. Within 30 days after discharge, 613 (12.6%) patients were readmitted for all causes, with a median from discharge to readmission of 12 (6–21) days. Most readmissions were attributed to cardiovascular causes (71.1%) and 60.0% to HF-related causes. Readmission occurred within 14 days of discharge in more than half of the patients (56.4%). Diabetes (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.25, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 1.06–1.50), anemia (HR: 1.26, 95% CI: 1.03–1.53), high New York Heart Association classification (HR: 1.48, 95% CI: 1.08–2.01), elevated N-terminal pro-B type natriuretic peptide (HR: 1.67, 95% CI: 1.24–2.25), and high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (HR: 1.26, 95% CI: 1.01–1.58) were associated with increased risks of readmission. High systolic blood pressure (HR: 0.56, 95% CI: 0.38–0.81) and Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire-12 scores (HR: 0.64, 95% CI: 0.44–0.94) were associated with decreased risk of readmission. Conclusions: In China, almost one in eight patients with acute HF were readmitted within 30 days after discharge, mainly due to cardiovascular reasons, and approximately three-fifths of the readmissions occurred in the first 14 days. Both clinical and patient-centered characteristics were associated with readmission.