bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Research Study on Medicolegal Autopsies Conducted at Mortuary of Government Medical College, Ongole, Andhra Pradesh from 1St January to 31St December 2020
Authors: Venati Jayashankar  , Chaitanya. R  , G.B. Raja Kumar
Published: June 2021

Aim: To do a research study on Medicolegal Autopsies conducted at Government Medical College Mortuary, Ongole, Andhra Pradesh from 1st January 2020 to 31st December 2020. Materials & Methodology: This study was conducted at Government Medical College, Ongole from 1st January to 31st December 2020. A total of 534 medicolegal cases were brought to mortuary for the sake of medicolegal autopsy during the study period. Result: In the research study, it is evident from the statistics that maximum number of medicolegal autopsies were conducted in the decreasing order in the following deaths - Road Traffic Accidents < Poisoning < Hanging < Homicidal Deaths < Deaths due to hit by Train < Drowning < Burns < Fall from Height < Snake Bite. Medicolegal autopsies were done more in males compared to females in almost all types of deaths. Likewise maximum number of autopsies were conducted in the active age group of 18 to 36 years
Studi Korelasi Motivasi Belajar terhadap Hasil Belajar Matematika Selama Daring
Authors: Wijayanti Nisa , Widodo Sri Adi
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine how much the relationship between learning motivation and learning outcomes online mathematics at SMP N 3 Wates. This research includes research with a quantitative approach and the type of research is ex post facto because it does not provide treatment to the research sample and the form of the relationship is a causal relationship. The population in this study were students of SMP N 3 Wates. The sampling technique was using cluster random sampling technique. The data collection techniques used were documentation and a learning motivation questionnaire. This study uses inferential statistical data analysis techniques, with several prerequisite tests. The results of this study indicate that the relationship between learning motivation and online mathematics learning outcomes at SMP N 3 Wates is in a low category.
National industrial competence and global added value chains: methodological instrumentarium of macroeconomic analysis
Authors:   Department of Macroeconomic Forecasting and Planning, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Tolkachev Sergey A. , Teplyakov Artyom Y. ,   Center for Research on Long-Term Patterns of Economic Development, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation
Published: June 2021

In the context of the developing global economic crisis, it is important to have an adequate methodological toolkit for the global positioning of the manufacturing industry in different countries of the world in the production value chains. In this work, the authors made an attempt to further develop their own concept that solves this problem. A methodology for calculating indices reflecting the dynamics of national industrial competence “in the context” of the integration of the country’s manufacturing industries into global value chains is presented. The calculations and conclusions are based on the OECD TiVA statistical database (2018). The tendencies of industrial development of thirty economies of the world, including the Russian one, were identified, taking into account their “embedding” in global value chains. So, if the manufacturing industry of Russia, participating in the international division of labor, manages to maintain an average level of general national industrial competence, then its strategic positions associated with the development of high-tech industries can be qualified as “outsider”. The author’s methodology seems promising in terms of assessing the global economic positioning of countries and formulating recommendations for national regulators of manufacturing activity.
The Theology of the Holy Eucharist and the Doctrine of Transubstantiation
Authors: Appiah-Kubi Francis
Published: June 2021

Holy Communion is one of the seven sacraments in the Catholic Church. With Baptism and Confirmation, they constitute the sacraments of Initiation. Similarly, with the Word of God, they constitute the two indispensable pillars upon which the Church is built. It is the “fount and apex of the whole Christian life” (LG 11). It is named Holy Eucharist because it is an action of thanksgiving to God. It recalls God’s work of creation, redemption, and sanctification. The Eucharistic elements, bread and wine become, by the prayer of consecration and the invocation of the Holy Spirit, Christ's Body and Blood through an act appropriately known as transubstantiation. The term emphasizes the conversion of the total substance of bread and wine into the entire substance of the Body and Blood of Christ. When the bread and wine are consecrated at Mass, they are no longer bread and wine; they have become instead the Most Precious Body and Blood of Christ by the power of the Holy Spirit in accordance with the words of Christ. The empirical appearances and attributes remain the same, but the underlying reality changes. Therefore, the doctrine of transubstantiation teaches without ambiguity that in the Holy Communion, the Body and Blood, together with the soul and divinity, of the Lord Jesus Christ is truly, really, and substantially contained. How is this understood and what is its implication theologically? In an attempt to elucidate this problem, this work seeks first to highlight the theology of the Holy Eucharist within the context of the ecclesiology of Communion, and second, through some theological themes: sacred memorial and sacrificial banquet; eschatological meal. The third and final part treats the theme of real presence under the rubrics of Transubstantiation.

Keywords: Transubstantiation, Eschatological Meal, Memorial, Real Presence, Communion, Eucharistic conversion.
Improving COVID-19 response: redirecting risk communication efforts towards equity issues
Authors: Hernández Barrios Yisel , Fonte Galindo Luis , Zabala Argüelles María del Carmen , Pérez Chacón Dennis
Published: June 2021

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is, to date, the health problem with the highest impact in the 21st century. The World Health Organization has recommended several prevention and control measures to deal with this pandemic. In this context, social communication plays a key role. In this article we argue that the potential of communication efforts to close the gaps in the COVID-19 response worldwide won´t be fully accomplished until they do address equity-related issues.
Calidad y uso sustentable del suelo en el Valle del Monzón, Huánuco – Perú
Authors: Panaifo-Gómez Carlos , Ñique-Álvarez Manuel , Levano¬-Crisóstomo José
Published: June 2021

El estudio se desarrolló con el objetivo de evaluar la calidad y uso sustentable del suelo de un sistema agroforestal (SAF) y un ex cocal (suelo abandonado muy ácido). Para determinar el efecto de ambos sistemas de uso sobre la calidad de suelo en el Valle del Monzón (Huánuco-Perú) se calcularon los indicadores físicos y químicos tales como: la textura, densidad aparente, conductividad eléctrica, pH, materia orgánica, nitrógeno total, fósforo disponible, calcio y magnesio intercambiable y capacidad de intercambio catiónico. Según el Subíndice de Uso Sustentable del Suelo (SUSS), el suelo de SAF presentó una calidad de “bueno” y el suelo del ex cocal “calidad marginal”. Y además el suelo del SAF presenta mejor calidad que el ex cocal y con condiciones favorables para llevar una buena actividad agrícola.
Assessment strategies for online learning. Engagement and authenticity
Authors: Dávila Morán Roberto Carlos
Published: June 2021

Reseña del libro: Assessment strategies for online learning. Engagement and authenticity, de Dianne Conrad y Jason Openo.
A New Method for Aerosol Measurement Using Wide-field Photometry
Authors: Ebr Jan , Karpov Sergey , Eliášek Jiří , Blažek Jiří , Cunniffe Ronan , Ebrová Ivana , Janeček Petr , Jelínek Martin , Juryšek Jakub , Mandát Dušan , Mašek Martin , Pech Miroslav , Prouza Michael , Trávníček Petr
Published: June 2021

We present a new method to measure the vertical aerosol optical depth (VAOD) during clear nights using a wide-field imager—a CCD camera with a photographic lens on an equatorial mount. A series of 30 s exposures taken at different altitudes above the horizon can be used to measure the VAOD with a precision better than 0.008 optical depths within a few minutes. Such a measurement does not produce any light and is thus suitable for use at sites where other astronomical instruments are located. The precision of the VAOD measurement depends on the laboratory calibration of spectral properties of the system and of the response of the camera electronics to varying illumination levels, as well as careful considerations of the details of stellar photometry and modeling of the dependence of the measured stellar flux, the star color, and the position within the field of view. The results obtained with robotic setups at the future sites of the Cerenkov Telescope Array show good internal consistency and agreement with simultaneous measurements from a Sun/Moon photometer located at the same sites.
The Black Hole Spin in GRS 1915+105, Revisited
Authors: Mills Brianna S. , Davis Shane W. , Middleton Matthew J.
Published: June 2021

We estimate the black hole spin parameter in GRS 1915+105 using the continuum-fitting method with revised mass and inclination constraints based on the very long baseline interferometric parallax measurement of the distance to this source. We fit Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer observations selected to be accretion-disk-dominated spectral states as described in McClintock et al. (2006) and Middleton et al. (2006), which previously gave discrepant spin estimates with this method. We find that, using the new system parameters, the spin in both data sets increased, providing a best-fit spin of a
* = 0.86 for the Middleton et al. data and a poor fit for the McClintock et al. data set, which becomes pegged at the BHSPEC model limit of a
* = 0.99. We explore the impact of the uncertainties in the system parameters, showing that the best-fit spin ranges from a
* = 0.4 to 0.99 for the Middleton et al. data set and allows reasonable fits to the McClintock et al. data set with near-maximal spin for system distances greater than ∼10 kpc. We discuss the uncertainties and implications of these estimates.
Supernova 1987A: 3D Mixing and Light Curves for Explosion Models Based on Binary-merger Progenitors
Authors: Utrobin V. P. , Wongwathanarat A. , Janka H.-Th. , Müller E. , Ertl T. , Menon A. , Heger A.
Published: June 2021

Six binary-merger progenitors of supernova 1987A (SN 1987A) with properties close to those of the blue supergiant Sanduleak −69°202 are exploded by neutrino heating and evolved until long after shock breakout in 3D and continued for light-curve calculations in spherical symmetry. Our results confirm previous findings for single-star progenitors: (1) 3D neutrino-driven explosions with SN 1987A-like energies synthesize 56Ni masses consistent with the radioactive light-curve tail; (2) hydrodynamic models mix hydrogen inward to minimum velocities below 40 km s−1 compatible with spectral observations of SN 1987A; and (3) for given explosion energy the efficiency of outward radioactive 56Ni mixing depends mainly on high growth factors of Rayleigh–Taylor instabilities at the (C+O)/He and He/H composition interfaces and a weak interaction of fast plumes with the reverse shock occurring below the He/H interface. All binary-merger models possess presupernova radii matching the photometric radius of Sanduleak −69°202 and a structure of the outer layers allowing them to reproduce the observed initial luminosity peak in the first ∼7 days. Models that mix about 0.5 M
⊙ of hydrogen into the He-shell and exhibit strong outward mixing of 56Ni with maximum velocities exceeding the 3000 km s−1 observed for the bulk of ejected 56Ni have light-curve shapes in good agreement with the dome of the SN 1987A light curve. A comparative analysis of the best representatives of our 3D neutrino-driven explosion models of SN 1987A based on single-star and binary-merger progenitors reveals that only one binary model fulfills all observational constraints, except one.
Origin of Galactic Sub-PeV Diffuse Gamma-Ray Emission: Constraints from High-energy Neutrino Observations
Authors: Liu Ruo-Yu , Wang Xiang-Yu
Published: June 2021

Very recently, diffuse gamma-rays with 0.1 PeV < E

γ
< 1 PeV have been discovered from the Galactic disk by the Tibet air shower array and muon detector array (Tibet AS+MD array). While the measured sub-PeV flux may be compatible with the hadronic origin in the conventional Galactic cosmic-ray propagation model, we find that it is in possible tension with the nondetection of Galactic neutrino emissions by the IceCube neutrino telescope. We further find that the presence of an extra cosmic-ray component of relatively hard spectrum, which is probably related to the Cygnus Cocoon region and other PeV cosmic-ray sources in the Galactic disk, would alleviate the tension. This scenario implies the existence of an extreme accelerator of either protons or electrons beyond PeV in the Cygnus region, and predicts the continuation of the gamma-ray spectrum of Cygnus Cocoon up to 1 PeV with a possible hardening beyond ∼30–100 TeV.
Neptune's Spatial Brightness Temperature Variations from the VLA and ALMA
Authors: Tollefson Joshua , de Pater Imke , Molter Edward M. , Sault Robert J. , Butler Bryan J. , Luszcz-Cook Statia , DeBoer David
Published: June 2021

We present spatially resolved (0.″1–1.″0) radio maps of Neptune taken from the Very Large Array and Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array between 2015 and 2017. Combined, these observations probe from just below the main methane cloud deck at ∼1 bar down to the NH4SH cloud at ∼50 bar. Prominent latitudinal variations in the brightness temperature are seen across the disk. Depending on wavelength, the south polar region is 5–40 K brighter than the mid-latitudes and northern equatorial region. We use radiative transfer modeling coupled to Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods to retrieve H2S, NH3, and CH4 abundance profiles across the disk, though only strong constraints can be made for H2S. Below all cloud formation, the data are well fit by

53.8

−
13.4

+
18.9

×

and

3.9

−
3.1

+
2.1

×

protosolar enrichment in the H2S and NH3 abundances, respectively, assuming a dry adiabat. Models in which the radio-cold mid-latitudes and northern equatorial region are supersaturated in H2S are statistically favored over models following strict thermochemical equilibrium. H2S is more abundant at the equatorial region than at the poles, indicative of strong, persistent global circulation. Our results imply that Neptune's sulfur-to-nitrogen ratio exceeds unity, as H2S is more abundant than NH3 in every retrieval. The absence of NH3 above 50 bar can be explained either by partial dissolution of NH3 in an ionic ocean at GPa pressures or by a planet formation scenario in which hydrated clathrates preferentially delivered sulfur rather than nitrogen onto planetesimals, or a combination of these hypotheses.
Leptospirosis as a neglected burden at human-cattle interface in Mid-Delta of Egypt
Authors: Hegazy Yamen , Elmonir Walid , Orieby Atef Fatehy , Eldesoukey Ibrahim E , Fransis Maryan , Al-Gaabary Magdy H
Published: June 2021

Introduction: Leptospirosis is a neglected zoonosis in developing countries including Egypt where its burden is underestimated.

Methodology: A cross sectional study was carried out to estimate the seroprevalence and associated risk factors of Leptospira interrogans serovar Hardjo infection among cows and leptospirosis among human patients in Mid-Delta of Egypt.

Results: Out of 112 examined cows using ELISA, 3.6% were seropositive to L. interrogans serovar Hardjo infection. Seroconversion occurred in 5 animals (1 herd) of all examined animals in convalescent phase testing (5/112, 4.5%). Affected herd suffered acute outbreak with 43.3% within herd prevalence; signs of infection included abortions, bloody urine and sudden death of 2 cows. Highest risk for L. interrogans serovar Hardjo infection in cows was in animals drank from untreated surface water (6.7 times, p = 0.06). The seroprevalence of leptospirosis was 6.2% in all tested humans, 28.6% in nonspecific fever cases and 22.2% in non-viral hepatitis cases. The risk of leptospirosis among patients with nonspecific fever or non-viral hepatitis cases was 4 times higher than those with viral hepatitis (p = 0.01). Additionally, there was a significant association between leptospirosis and patients with livestock contact (Odds 8, p = 0.01).

Conclusions: This is the first report of L. interrogans serovar Hardjo outbreak in cows in Egypt. The study also highlighted the role of leptospirosis as neglected cause of nonspecific fever/non-viral hepatitis in humans in study region.
Epidemiology of COVID-19 in Indonesia: common source and propagated source as a cause for outbreaks
Authors: Hikmawati Isna , Setiyabudi Ragil
Published: June 2021

Introduction: The COVID-19 outbreak first occurred in China and has developed throughout the world, including Indonesia. The Indonesian government reports that up to May 22, 2020 there have been 21,430 confirmed cases. The purpose of this study is to describe the epidemiology, clinical symptoms and comorbidities of COVID-19 as well as the various government interventions to reduce the rate of incidence.

Methodology: A retrospective cohort study was designed. The population in this study is based data from the official Indonesian government website run by the Task Force for the Acceleration of Handling COVID-19. The sample was observed b March 2 to April 24, 2020. The total sample included 8,211 cases of patients diagnosed with COVID-19, among these 1,002 recovered and 689 died. Data analysis used percentages from various recorded epidemiological variables.

Results: The results showed that COVID-19 epidemiological features were mostly observed in men (56.5%) and patients of productive age (31-59 of age) by 57.5%; most deaths were recorded in patients aged > 60 years (43.6%). The most recurrent clinical symptom was cough (77.8%), the most recurrent comorbidity was hypertension (52.4%), and the province with the highest COVID-19 incidence was DKI Jakarta (34.3%).

Conclusions: The combination of common sources and propagated source was observed during the COVID-19 outbreak in Indonesia. Special attention should be given to protecting vulnerable populations such as children, health care providers, and the elderly. The community is expected to participate in preventing the transmission of COVID-19 by complying with health protocols.
Incident Report: Between the Shadows of Obligation and Formality
Authors: Budi Savitri Citra , Hapsara Sunartini , Tetra Fatwa Sari , Lazuardi Lutfan
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND: Incident reports are the primary data source for monitoring patient safety in the hospital. Monitoring of these reports determines the success of managing safety-related incidents as an effort to improve patient care. Hospital staff plays an essential role in the management of incident reports. Each staff member has a role in managing incident reports.

AIM: This article aimed to explore the role of hospital staff in the incident reporting process.

METHODS: This qualitative research used an exploratory approach. The research informants were three doctors, 21 nurses, one pharmacist, and two computer administrators. Data were collected using interviews and observations of incident reporting implementation. The research data were analyzed with the qualitative analysis software Atlas.ti.

RESULTS: Report management is not done solely for the formality of achieving the target. Implementation of regulations for report management is also done by all hospital staff to prioritize discipline, honesty, and responsibility according to their roles. Staff is expected to report adverse or dangerous events (incidents) that could affect patient safety. The reporting coordinator is responsible for the report’s completeness. Heads of participation room are expected to validate reports. The patient safety team is in charge of analyzing and providing feedback. Supportive attitudes from the board of directors are needed to create a reporting culture. There are several barriers to reporting management, including management support factors, facilities, and an effective feedback system.

CONCLUSION: Leaders need to develop staff who focus on discipline, honesty, and responsibility in providing services to patients by prioritizing patient safety. All staff is involved in managing incident reports by playing an active role in following their duties.
High Expression of Parathyroid Hormone-related Protein and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α in Cancer Cells as Risk Factors for Hypercalcemia in Bone Metastases Lytic Lesions
Authors: Dharmapradita Made Wahyu , Suyasa I Ketut , Karna Made Bramantya , Sumadi I Wayan Juli , Giri Kadek Gede Bakta , Pemayun Cokorda Krishna Dalem , Santosa Claudia
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND: Cancer mortality is more commonly due to metastases of the tumor to other organs and the complications that accompany it than the tumor growth itself. Until recently, metastasis has been an insurmountable problem.

AIM: As the most frequent site of metastases, apart from the lungs and liver, tumor metastases to bone are associated with hypercalcemia which is fatal for the affected patient.

METHODS: This study used a case-control study design. The case group consisted of paraffin block samples derived from bone metastatic cancer cell biopsies of patients with hypercalcemic lytic lesions. The control group consisted of paraffin block samples derived from bone metastatic cancer cell biopsies of patients with non-hypercalcemic lytic lesions. Radiological examination was performed to examine the presence of lytic lesions, followed by data collection of serum calcium levels. The data obtained from the histopathological examination was confirmed along with the availability of paraffin blocks of bone metastasis cancer cell biopsy samples, and immunohistochemical analysis was performed to determine the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α _(TNF-α) and parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP). A Mann–Whitney test was performed to determine the expression of TNF-α _and PTHrP between hypercalcemia and non-hypercalcemia groups. To identify the cut-off point, Youden index on receiver operating characteristic was used, then the optimal cut-off point was determined where the sensitivity and specificity curves intersect. Analysis of risk factor assessment was done by creating a 2 × 2 cross-tabulations and calculating the association size in the form of odds ratio (OR).

RESULTS: The expression of PTHrP and TNF-α _in the case group was significantly different from the control group with p < 0.05. The cut-off point for PTHrP expression was 267.5 with an area under the curve of 0.93, indicating a high accuracy value. The cut-off point for TNF-α _expression was 227.5 with an area under the curve of 0.68, indicating a moderate accuracy value. The OR between hypercalcemia and non-hypercalcemia to PTHrP expression was 110.3 (Fisher’s exact statistical test obtained p < 0.05), while the OR between hypercalcemia and non-hypercalcemia to TNF-α _expression was 7.27 (Fisher’s exact test statistical obtained p = 0.01).

CONCLUSION: Significant differences in the expression of PTHrP and TNF-α _were found between patients with bone metastases lytic lesions with hypercalcemia compared to those without hypercalcemia. We can conclude that either a high level of PTHrP expression and/or TNF-α _expression in cancer cells can serve as risk factors for hypercalcemia in patients with bone metastatic lytic lesions.
Pain Following Single-bundle versus Double-bundle Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Systematic Review
Authors: Pontoh Ludwig A. P. , Ismail H. Dilogo , Fiolin Jessica , Yausep Oliver Emmanuel
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND: Double-bundle (DB) anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) has been known to result in better functional outcomes, joint stability, and lower revision rates compared to single-bundle (SB) ACLR. However, given the increased invasiveness and damage to the surrounding tissue area, it is proposed that it may be associated with increased pain.

AIM: This review aims to gather all studies and literature that reported pain as an outcome when comparing SB versus DB ACLR.

METHODS: Literature searching was conducted across seven search engines for studies reporting pain as an outcome and comparing SB versus DB ACLR.

RESULTS: Eight studies met the eligibility criteria and were included in the study. Overall, the studies show variable findings regarding pain in DB compared to SB ACLR, with the only statistically significant results from two studies indicating that DB ACLR is associated with more pain than SB ACLR.

CONCLUSION: Based on the limited evidence available, no conclusions can be made regarding the pain experienced between people receiving either procedure. This constitutes a need for additional studies with increased follow-up time periods, larger sample size, and better study design.
Total Penectomy and Perineal Urethrostomy Management of Penile Squamous Cell Carcinoma with Paraffinoma in Single Center Hospital: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Wibowo Syaeful Agung , Wijanarko Suharto , Ismail Erwin Aritama , Putra Muhammad David Perdana
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND: Penile cancer is a rare condition, affecting less than 1% of the adult male population [1]. The risk of penile cancer increases significantly with age, poor hygiene, and the presence of the prepuce. The most common type encountered is squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Clinically penile cancer appears as small lesions with induration and erythema or as large infiltrative ulcerative lesions. As the disease progresses, complaints such as itching, bleeding, discharge, foul odor, and pain occurred.

CASE REPORT: A 63-year-old man with poor hygiene and has a history of diabetes mellitus had penis ulcers since 5 years ago. On physical examination, an ulcer with the size of 12 × 12 × 10 cm was found growing pus (-). Biopsy had done and confirmed SCC as a result. Pelvic multiple slice CT shows growth covering the entire shaft of the penis down to the base. The patient had a previous history of using silicone injection 35 years ago and causing Sclerofibromatosis. The patient was planned to undergo surgery with clinical diagnosis T4N0M0. Total penectomy was performed with an elliptical incision around the base with a margin of 2 cm. Sclerofibromatosis and the surrounding tissue were excised to the base of the penis followed by perineal urethrostomy. There was no problem postoperatively. The patient went home after staying in the hospital for 96 h. The surgical specimen revealed SCC with free of tumor excision margin.

CONCLUSIONS: Injections with silicone to enlarge the penis cannot be justified. The process can trigger a chronic inflammatory reaction associated with penile malignancy. Total penectomy and wide excision with urethral perineostomy could be optimal initial treatment.
Determinant Factors Stroke Prevention Behavior among Hypertension Patient in Indonesia
Authors: Upoyo Arif Setyo , Isworo Atyanti , Sari Yunita , Taufik Agis , Sumeru Annas , Anam Akhyarul
Published: June 2021

Stroke is the leading cause of death in the World and in Indonesia. Hypertension is a major risk of stroke. Modified stroke risk factors are behavioral factors. The purpose of this study is to identify the factors that influence stroke prevention behavior in hypertensive patients. The research method uses cross sectional. Total participants were 461 hypertensive patients who came to Community Health Center. Sampling technique used  concecutive sampling. The questionnaire used contains demographics, knowledge, self efficacy, awareness of stroke risk and stroke prevention behaviors which include diet, exercise, smoking and drinking alcohol. Data analysis used chi-square and logistic regression. The results showed that 65.7% of respondents showed poor stroke prevention behavior. Factors related to stroke prevention behavior include self-efficacy (p = 0.043; 95%CI = 1.01-2.22; OR = 1.5), perception (p = 0.038; 95%CI = 0.45-0.98; OR = 0.663), and awareness of stroke risk (p = <0.001; 95%CI = 2.255-6.333; OR = 3.779). The dominant factor influencing stroke prevention behavior in hypertensive patients is awareness of stroke risk.
Beet (Beta vulgaris) Suppressed Gene Expression and Serum Fatty Acid Synthase in High Fat and Fructose-induced Rats
Authors: Nadiyah Salma , Hastuti Pramudji , Sunarti Sunarti
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND: The expression and activity of fatty acid synthase (FAS) enzymes determine de novo fatty acid synthesis, which can be enhanced by a high-fat and high fructose diet or inhibited by some bioactive compound diets. Beets are a great source of therapeutic compounds that have the potential to improve health and prevent disease.

AIM: This study examined the effects of beets on liver FAS gene expression and FAS levels.

METHODS: A total of 25 male Wistar rats divided into five groups: (1) Standard diet (n); (2) high fat and fructose diet (HFFD); (3) HFFD have given beet 6%-contained standard diet (B1); (4) HFFD have given beet 9%-contained standard diet (B2), and (5) HFFD have given beet 12%-contained standard diet (B3). The HFFD was given to rats in the 2, 3, 4, and 5 group diets for 8 weeks? and then 3, 4, and 5 groups received beet-contained standard diet for 6 weeks. At the end of the intervention, FAS levels were measured (please specify where it was measured from) using the ELISA method, liver FAS gene expression was analyzed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and triglyceride (TG) levels were determined by the colorimetric method.

RESULTS: The beet-substituted diet significantly suppressed the hepatic FAS gene expression and decreased the serum FAS levels in rats previously given HFFD (p < 0.05). The expression of the FAS gene showed a significant positive correlation with the levels of FAS serum (p < 0.05), and also with the hepatic TG levels but not significant (p > 0.05). Substitution of beet 9% in diet gives the best effect in hepatic FAS gene expression and the serum FAS levels.

CONCLUSIONS: The diet contained beet 9% was seen as a necessary physiological dose to improve the effects of high-fat and diet fructose diet through suppressing FAS gene expression and a decreased serum FAS levels.
Arthroscopic Shaver Design Parameters Controlled Laboratory Testing
Authors: Hafez Nader , Atia Mostafa R. A. , Elfeky Amr A. , El-Anwar Mohamed
Published: June 2021

AIM: Arthroscopic shaver is a widely used surgical single-use cutting tools. Its life and usability are important parameter for operation quality. In this research, arthroscopic shaver design and operation parameters are shot.

METHODS: The relations between the cutting variables and output parameters are studied to achieve the recommended design and cutting conditions. The interesting variables are the tooth point angle, cutting speed, and contact force. Other variables are maintained constant within the range of commercial shavers. The interesting cutting parameters are stresses on shaver tooth, resection rate, and damage experienced by the teeth. The cut quality is assessed based on the expertise medical opinion. Special setup is designed and prepared to test re-sectioning of soft tissues under different operating conditions.

RESULTS: The experimental results show that the cutting tooth angle between 55° to 62° achieved higher resection (material removal) rates while experiencing less damage and teeth blunting. Additionally, the cutting speed of 14 m/ min increases the material resection by 60% than the lower ones. Where, the resection performance decreases by approximately 50% every consecutive three minutes test run.

CONCLUSION: These results agree with the previous theoretical work using finite element modeling and simulation.
Matrix Metalloproteinase-2, COL1A1, and COL3A1 mRNA Expression in Aponeurosis Musculus obliquus Externus Abdominis of Adult Inguinal Hernias
Authors: Nizar Nizar , Afriwardi Afriwardi , Yanwirasti Yanwirasti , Arlan Alsen
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND: The ratio change of type I and type III collagen in the peritoneal tissue can be associated with defects in collagen synthesis caused by the extracellular matrix’s degradation. Matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) is an enzyme that contributes primarily to the degradation of this extra cell.

AIM: This study aimed to analyze the differences in expression of COL1A1, COL3A1, and MMP-2 mRNA and the relationship between these expressions in adult inguinal hernias and the expression ratio between the COL1A1/COL3A1 genes.

METHODS: This study was an observational study with a cross-sectional comparative study design, where the sample was adult inguinal hernia patients who were taken from the aponeurosis tissue m. external obliquus performed at the time of surgery, while control was a non-herniated patient. The sample RNA was isolated, followed by cDNA synthesis, and examined by real-time polymerase chain reaction.

RESULTS: The mean values of expression for COL1A1, COL3A1, and MMP-2 in the case group were 40.02 ± 181.38 copy number, 33.70 ± 143.62 copy number, and 31.78 ± 84.47 copy number. Meanwhile, the expression values for COL1A1, COL3A1, and MMP-2 in the control group were 40.247 ± 162.837 copy number, 13.35 ± 37.43 copy number, and 20.58 ± 48.95 copy number.

CONCLUSIONS: Our study showed a difference in COL3A1 expression between the hernia and non-hernia groups, and no difference was found in the expression of COL1A1 and MMP2 between the hernia and non-hernia groups.
Real Time Telephone Application Use for Consultation in Emergency Medical Services
Authors: Apiratwarakul Korakot , Suzuki Takaaki , Celebi Ismet , Tiamkao Somsak , Bhudhisawasdi Vajarabhongsa , Gaysonsiri Dhanu , Ienghong Kamonwon
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND: Emergency medical services (EMS) are an operation that requires speed and prompt decision-making to provide patients treatment and rescue them from crisis. A telephone application was created to be a communication channel. However, the effectiveness of EMS consulting via telephone application has not been well studied.
AIM: The aim of this study was to describe the use of real-time telephone application use for consultation in EMS.
METHODS: A cross-sectional, single EMS centered study at Srinagarind Hospital in Thailand. Data were gathered from LINE® Application under the name of “Current training EMKKU” and the EMS database throughout 2020-2021.
RESULTS: A total of 11550 messages with 6221 general text; messages were not involved in patients’ consultant (53.86%). The consultation mostly took place during the afternoon shifts (4PM to 0AM) accounted for 45.11%. We found that Thursday (19.63%) was the day with most frequent consulting services, followed by Tuesday (16.05%) and Friday (16.03%) regarding the consultation. There were 45 active users in the LINE® Application under the name of “Current training EMKKU”. The mean age of the participants was 32.10±5.60 years, and 51.11% (n = 23) of them was female.
CONCLUSIONS: The real-time telephone application is used for consultation related to patients' symptoms during EMS operations and ER patient care was most commonly in the afternoon and on Thursdays and Tuesdays.
The Relationship of Medication Adherence and Social Functioning of Persons with Schizophrenia in the Long-term Period
Authors: Purba Jenny Marlindawani , Simamora Roymond H. , Karota Evi
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND: Medication adherence is an essential aspect of the daily lives of persons with schizophrenia, while in-compliance is related to their social functioning performance.

AIM: The study aims to analyze the prolonged relationship between medication adherence and the social functioning of persons with chronic schizophrenia.

METHODS: A descriptive correlation method was carried out on 60 persons with schizophrenia at Pasung in North Sumatra Province, Indonesia, using questionnaires.

RESULTS: The results indicate that 68.3–51.7% of respondents had low adherence to medication and social functioning, respectively. Spearman rank claimed that there is a strong relationship between medication adherence and social functioning among chronic schizophrenia persons. Furthermore, the result reported that medication adherence positively affected social functioning among persons with schizophrenia.

CONCLUSIONS: Medication adherence is a priority for maintaining the behavior of people living with schizophrenia to help them control their psychotic symptoms. Therefore, it can enhance their social functioning performance and daily living activity. Family participation is needed for continuous medication program and relapse rate prevention.
Les communautés intentionnelles : des utopies concrètes du travail
Authors: Lallement Michel , Cottin-Marx Simon , Cardoso Auréline
Published: June 2021

Depuis plusieurs années, Michel Lallement a choisi de mobiliser les outils de la sociologie du travail pour étudier les « utopies concrètes », à travers des immersions dans plusieurs communautés ou collectifs de travail, ou une analyse sociohistorique d’expériences utopiques de travail. Ses travaux nous fournissent des pistes stimulantes pour penser la possibilité d’un travail émancipateur ; cela implique de déconstruire un ensemble de caractéristiques habituellement associées au travail (hiérarchie, contrainte, division…), pour penser le travail avant tout comme une nécessité, une activité porteuse d’utilité sociale. Dans cette perspective, le travail s’étend bien au-delà de l’emploi et englobe un faisceau de tâches qui sont habituellement reléguées au privé, à l’individuel (faire des courses, écrire, prendre soin des autres…).
Hybrid Feature Vector-Assisted Action Representation for Human Action Recognition Using Support Vector Machines
Authors: Devi L. Nirmala , Rao A.Nageswar
Published: June 2021

Human action recognition (HAR) is one of most significant research topics, and it has attracted the concentration of many researchers. Automatic HAR system is applied in several fields like visual surveillance, data retrieval, healthcare, etc. Based on this inspiration, in this chapter, the authors propose a new HAR model that considers an image as input and analyses and exposes the action present in it. Under the analysis phase, they implement two different feature extraction methods with the help of rotation invariant Gabor filter and edge adaptive wavelet filter. For every action image, a new vector called as composite feature vector is formulated and then subjected to dimensionality reduction through principal component analysis (PCA). Finally, the authors employ the most popular supervised machine learning algorithm (i.e., support vector machine [SVM]) for classification. Simulation is done over two standard datasets; they are KTH and Weizmann, and the performance is measured through an accuracy metric.
Innovative Work Behavior in the Energy Sector by Fuzzy VIKOR Method
Authors: Dinçer Hasan , Burkhardt Thomas
Published: June 2021

The aim of this study is to analyze the innovative working behavior of the energy industry. Within this framework, 10 different energy companies in Turkey were included in the scope of the review. As a result of the literature review, five different criteria that could affect the performance of innovative working behavior of the energy companies were determined. The fuzzy VIKOR method has been taken into account in the performance ranking process of these companies. According to the results obtained, both private and foreign energy companies were in the first two and last two. The findings show that no company type has superiority over others in terms of innovative working behavior. Hence, it is important that the energy companies, which are in the last place, develop themselves by taking into account the criteria mentioned in this study.
The Relationship Between Electricity Generation, Electricity Consumption, and Economic Growth in Turkey 1975-2019
Authors: Keskin Abdulkadir , Kara Berat
Published: June 2021

Electric energy is very important both technologically and economically in today's countries. Countries can generate and consume more energy according to their level of development and the resources they have. In the literature, it is estimated in parallel with the development of countries; there will also be an increase in electrical energy generation and consumption. Similarly, in economies that generate and consume more electricity, it is assumed that this will affect their economic growth. But these assumptions need to be calculated econometrically. This study has been prepared for this purpose. In this study, the relationship between electricity generation, electricity consumption, and economic growth in Turkey was analyzed. In the analysis conducted for the period 1975-2019, the Toda-Yamamoto causality test method was preferred as the method. As a result of the analysis, it was determined that there is a causal relationship from electricity consumption and electricity generation to economic growth, valid for the period 1975-2019 in Turkey.
The Strategic Importance of Green Energy in Energy Management
Authors: Zorlu Kürşad , Ezin Emre
Published: June 2021

The aim of this study is to address the importance of strategic energy management in order to ensure the transition of Turkey, a country that is trying to end its dependence on energy, to green energy using renewable energy sources. With the excessive use of nonrenewable energy sources by Turkey, in order to reduce environmental pollution and foreign dependency in energy, it started studies to increase the use of domestic and renewable energy resources in the early 2000s. With the transition to renewable energy sources as a new concept in Turkey's energy policy “green energy,” it has come to the fore. With the transition to green energy, Turkey is trying to prevent pollution of the environment by reducing fossil fuel consumption and aims to reduce energy costs by reducing the use of energy sources that cannot be renewed in production. Turkey, a country rich in renewable energy sources, will be able to use existing renewable energy sources effectively and efficiently using strategic management in energy.
Relationship Between the Use of Renewable Energy, Carbon Dioxide Emission, and Economic Growth
Authors: Özbay Ferhat , Pehlivan Ceren
Published: June 2021

The study aims to examine the relationship between the use of renewable energy, CO2, and GDP per capita. In this study that has been carried out on Turkey for the period 1990-2018, time series analysis is used. The long-term relationship between variables is revealed by the cointegration test. The periodic changes of the variables are examined by the variance decomposition and impulse-response function. Finally, with the causality test, the relationship between variables and the direction of this relationship are revealed. Findings show that there is a cointegrated relationship between the variables.. According to variance decomposition in the period of 10 lags, the renewable energy variance is 96% due to itself, 2.74% to CO2, and 0.50% to shocks in per capita GDP. As for impact-response functions, while the response of renewable energy to the GDP per capita variable is negative in the first two periods, it increase slightly in the following period, and after the sixth period, the effect of the shock diminished.
A Credit-Based System for Traffic Routing in Support of Vehicular Networks
Authors: Kamel Ammar , Husam Maysaa , Bakr Zaid Shafeeq , Abood Ziad M.
Published: June 2021

Network routing has a great impact on the efficiency and reliability of the traffic network system in a real-world scenario. To date, achieving network-consistent performance is the main goal of many traffic network research studies. In this research, a mixed strategy game-theory model for network routing is proposed that discovers the optimal strategies that can be adopted by network route players in a network graph. This model has been validated by measuring the model outcomes using quantal response equilibrium (QRE) technique, which explores the players' noisy decisions by comparing the utilized optimal strategies with Nash equilibrium. The experimental results demonstrate that there is an equilibrium with a mixed strategy of a given network.
Data Compression and Encryption for Remote Sensor Networks Using Different Techniques Methods
Authors: Ahmed Mahmood Ali , Hasan Khamees Khalaf
Published: June 2021

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are widely used for the different multimedia applications in which the data in multimedia form (e.g., images and videos) are captured by visual sensors and transmitted to base stations or destination nodes, and such networks, commonly called wireless multimedia sensor networks (WMSN), transmit high-quality images over sensor nodes with image quality improvement and CS technique while the security of CS data is achieved. The one-way DF-based cooperative digital image transmission model over WSNs using advanced terminologies for image compression called advanced JPEG2000 compression and modified elliptical curve cryptography (ECC) encryption is proposed. Image quality improvement efficiency is essential in multimedia applications and wireless communications. The authors proposed a novel technique based on adaptive and dynamic noise removal and quality improvement for both before compression and after compression. The compression method designed is based on CS technique.
The Impact of Environmental and Social Costs Disclosure on Financial Performance Mediating by Earning Management
Authors: Al-Naser Khalis Hasan Yousif , Riyadh Hosam Alden , Albalaki Faeq Malallah Mahmood
Published: June 2021

This research empirically investigated the effect of environmental cost disclosure (ECD) and social cost disclosure (SCD) on financial performance (FP) mediated by earning management (EM). To achieve this purpose, a quantitative research method was employed using secondary data sources including reports of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and annual reports. Then, the data were examined using smart partial least squares (PLS). The research sample was represented by international energy corporations during the period (2016, 2017, and 2018). The study results revealed that the environmental and social costs disclosure significantly affected financial performance. This was in agreement with theories of instrumental stakeholders, legitimacy, and agency. This means that more cost on environmental and social information disclosure can generate greater opportunities for corporations.