bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Errors and Complications in SQL Query Formulation
Authors: Taipalus Toni , Siponen Mikko , Vartiainen Tero
Published: August 2018

SQL is taught in almost all university level database courses, yet SQL has received relatively little attention in educational research. In this study, we present a database management system independent categorization of SQL query errors that students make in an introductory database course. We base the categorization on previous literature, present a class of logical errors that has not been studied in detail, and review and complement these findings by analyzing over 33,000 SQL queries submitted by students. Our analysis verifies error findings presented in previous literature and reveals new types of errors, namely logical errors recurring in similar manners among different students. We present a listing of fundamental SQL query concepts we have identified and based our exercises on, a categorization of different errors and complications, and an operational model for designing SQL exercises.
The Value of Privacy
Authors: Wang Weina , Ying Lei , Zhang Junshan
Published: August 2018

We study the value of data privacy in a game-theoretic model of trading private data, where a data collector purchases private data from strategic data subjects (individuals) through an incentive mechanism. One primary goal of the data collector is to learn some desired information from the elicited data. Specifically, this information is modeled by an underlying state, and the private data of each individual represents his of her knowledge about the state. Departing from most of the existing work on privacy-aware surveys, our model does not assume the data collector to be trustworthy. Further, an individual takes full control of his or her own data privacy and reports only a privacy-preserving version of his or her data.

In this article, the value of ϵ units of privacy is measured by the minimum payment among all nonnegative payment mechanisms, under which an individual’s best response at a Nash equilibrium is to report his or her data in an ϵ-locally differentially private manner. The higher ϵ is, the less private the reported data is. We derive lower and upper bounds on the value of privacy that are asymptotically tight as the number of data subjects becomes large. Specifically, the lower bound assures that it is impossible to use a lower payment to buy ϵ units of privacy, and the upper bound is given by an achievable payment mechanism that we design. Based on these fundamental limits, we further derive lower and upper bounds on the minimum total payment for the data collector to achieve a given accuracy target for learning the underlying state and show that the total payment of the designed mechanism is at most one individual’s payment away from the minimum.
Driver’s Lane Selection Model Based on Phase-Field Coupling and Multiplayer Dynamic Game with Incomplete Information
Authors: Wang Xiaoyuan , Wang Fang , Kong Dong , Liu Yaqi , Liu Liping , Chen Chen
Published: August 2018

Intelligent driving is an effective means to achieve the active safety of automobile, and the accurate prediction of vehicle group situation is the premise to achieve the intelligent driving of vehicle. Lane selection and lane changing are not only the most fundamental reasons for the transformation of vehicle group situation, but also the basic contents for the research on driver behavior of traffic flow theory. In this paper, with a view to the background of Internet of Things, the vehicle group situation was given a comprehensive consideration on the basis of the factors which influence driver’s behavior. The driver’s lane selection behavior was analyzed under the condition of incomplete information, and lane selection model based on phase-field coupling and multiplayer dynamic game with incomplete information was constructed considering the time-varying character of driving propensity. The means of actual driving experiment, virtual driving experiment, and microscopic simulation of traffic flow were used to verify the model. The verification results showed that the model built in this paper can objectively reflect the actual operation characteristic of traffic flow on road section and the process of lane selection. The theoretical basis of the research on lane selection can be provided for intelligent driving especially anthropomorphic driving under the condition of Internet of Things.
Germline and Somatic NF1 Alterations Are Linked to Increased HER2 Expression in Breast Cancer
Authors: Wang Xia , Kallionpää Roope A. , Gonzales Patrick R. , Chitale Dhananjay A. , Tousignant Renee N. , Crowley Jacob P. , Chen Zhihua , Yoder Sean J. , Blakeley Jaishri O. , Acosta Maria T. , Korf Bruce R. , Messiaen Ludwine M. , Tainsky Michael A.
Published: August 2018

NF1 germline mutation predisposes to breast cancer. NF1 mutations have also been proposed as oncogenic drivers in sporadic breast cancers. To understand the genomic and histologic characteristics of these breast cancers, we analyzed the tumors with NF1 germline mutations and also examined the genomic and proteomic profiles of unselected tumors. Among 14 breast cancer specimens from 13 women affected with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), 9 samples (NF + BrCa) underwent genomic copy number (CN) and targeted sequencing analysis. Mutations of NF1 were identified in two samples and TP53 were in three. No mutation was detected in ATM, BARD1, BRCA1, BRCA2, BRIP1, CDH1, CHEK2, NBN, PALB2, PTEN, RAD50, and STK11. HER2 (ErbB2) overexpression was detected by IHC in 69.2% (9/13) of the tumors. CN gain/amplification of ERBB2 was detected in 4 of 9 with DNA analysis. By evaluating HER2 expression and NF1 alterations in unselected invasive breast cancers in TCGA datasets, we discovered that among samples with ERBB2 CN gain/amplification, the HER2 mRNA and protein expression were much more pronounced in NF1-mutated/deleted samples in comparison with NF1-unaltered samples. This finding suggests a synergistic interplay between these two genes, potentially driving the development of breast cancer harboring NF1 mutation and ERBB2 CN gain/amplification. NF1 gene loss of heterozygosity was observed in 4 of 9 NF + BrCa samples. CDK4 appeared to have more CN gain in NF + BrCa and exhibited increased mRNA expression in TCGA NF1--altered samples. Cancer Prev Res; 11(10); 655–64. ©2018 AACR.
The relationship of head morphology and diet among three sympatric watersnake species
Authors: Perkins Micah W. , Eason Perri K.
Published: August 2018

Investigating dietary resource utilization and head morphology of gape-limited predators can provide a basis for understanding interspecific competition and species coexistence. For sympatric species, convergence of head morphology can indicate similar prey or foraging strategies while divergence can suggest competition, resource partitioning or expansion into new habitats. Sexual dimorphism can further complicate the head morphology-diet relationship by potentially reducing intraspecific competition. To understand the relationship between head morphology and diet, we studied three sympatric species, the plain-bellied (Nerodia erythrogaster), diamondback (N. rhombifer), and northern (N. sipedon) watersnakes in western Kentucky. All three species inhabit similar wetlands and feed on amphibians and fishes. The anurophagous plain-bellied watersnakes had longer, narrower heads that likely allow snakes to capture anuran metamorphs and froglets while facilitating movement through dense vegetation. The piscivorous diamondback watersnake had a wider head, which would enhance contact with prey in this open-mouth forager, and smaller interocular distance, resulting in dorsally placed eyes that facilitate seeing fish prey from below. The mostly piscivorous northern watersnake had an intermediate, generalized head shape, which may reflect the typically wide diet range of this species. Head shape did not differ between snake sexes but diamondback and northern females had larger heads than males and fed more frequently on fishes. The relationship between head morphology and diet highlights potential interspecific and intersexual competition and aids in the understanding of species coexistence patterns.
Student Success and Curriculum Reform in Post-Apartheid South Africa
Authors: Dhunpath Rubby , Subbaye Reshma
Published: August 2018

Student success is an elusive aspiration in South Africa, especially for its majority African population as the country continues to endure the imprints of a racially divided higher education system. This article will critically examine various reform initiatives designed to enhance student success since 2004. The authors will demonstrate that despite successive efforts and increasing resources directed at enhancing student success, the outcomes have been minimal, largely because student failure has been pathologized as a function of student deficits rather than a consequence of systemic dysfunction, especially as it relates to the curriculum. We concede that while the impediments to student success are multifarious, using the affordances of technology to institute a less alienating curriculum structure, alongside a review of content, can catalyse the process of reform to reverse current student outcomes.
Peperomia ekakesara: A new species of Piperaceae from Mathikettan shola National Park, Kerala, India
Authors: RADH S. SYAM , NAMPY SANTHOSH
Published: August 2018

Peperomia ekakesara (Piperaceae) is described and illustrated as a new species from Mathikettan shola National Park in southern Western Ghats, Kerala, India. Information is given on the distribution, ecology, phenology, and conservation status of this new species. A key for the identification of south Indian species is provided.
Using Simulated Dropsondes to Understand Extreme Updrafts and Wind Speeds in Tropical Cyclones
Authors: Stern Daniel P. , Bryan George H.
Published: August 2018

Extreme updrafts (≥10 m s−1) and wind gusts (≥90 m s−1) are ubiquitous within the low-level eyewall of intense tropical cyclones (TCs). Previous studies suggest that both of these features are associated with coherent subkilometer-scale vortices. Here, over 100 000 “virtual” dropsonde trajectories are examined within a large-eddy simulation (31.25-m horizontal grid spacing) of a category 5 hurricane in order to gain insight into the nature of these features and to better understand and interpret dropsonde observations. At such a high resolution, profiles of wind speed and vertical velocity from the virtual sondes are difficult to distinguish from those of real dropsondes. PDFs of the strength of updrafts and wind gusts compare well between the simulated and observed dropsondes, as do the respective range of heights over which these features are found. Individual simulated updrafts can be tracked for periods of up to several minutes, revealing structures that are both coherent and rapidly evolving. It appears that the updrafts are closely associated with vortices and wind speed maxima, consistent with previous studies. The peak instantaneous wind gusts in the simulations (up to 150 m s−1) are substantially stronger than have ever been observed. Using the virtual sondes, it is demonstrated that the probability of sampling such extremes is vanishingly small, and it is argued that actual intense TCs might also be characterized by gusts of these magnitudes.
Higher education as a space for promoting the psychosocial well-being of refugee students
Authors: Jack Odette , Chase Elaine , Warwick Ian
Published: August 2018

Objective:

This study aimed to investigate how well a single higher education institution (HEI) was perceived to be meeting the psychosocial support needs of refugee students and to identify possible ways in which the HEI might better promote refugee students’ psychosocial well-being.

Design:

Adopting an exploratory, focused case study design, the research employed a qualitative interpretive approach utilising three data collection methods: narrative inquiry, Photovoice and key informant interviews. The social ecological model and the health-promoting university approach guided the enquiry and analysis.

Setting:

A single HEI in London, UK.

Results:

Refugee student-participants reported stressful and traumatic experiences at different points in their migratory experience. Participants were motivated by being involved in education but identified barriers to seeking institutional support to improve their health and well-being. Student-participants and staff identified ways in which support for refugee student well-being could be improved.

Conclusion:

Refugee students were found to have specific health and well-being support needs which were not met due to a range of organisational constraints. The social ecological model and the health-promoting university offer frameworks for HEIs to respond better to the diverse health and well-being needs of students.
Pitfalls of Professionalism? Military Academies and Coup Risk
Authors: Böhmelt Tobias , Escribà-Folch Abel , Pilster Ulrich
Published: August 2018

Military academies tend to be strongly linked to the professionalization of the armed forces. This explains why many countries in the world have created such institutions. The following article studies a potential negative externality stemming from military schools: increased coup risk. We argue that military academies may create, inculcate, and strengthen cohesive views that could conflict with incumbent policies, and that these schools establish networks among military officers that may facilitate coordination necessary for plotting a putsch. We also contend and empirically demonstrate that these negative side effects of military academies are in particular pronounced in nondemocracies, that is, military academies have diverse effects across regime types. This work has significant implications for our understanding civil–military relations. Furthermore, we contribute to the literature on military education and professionalization, as we suggest that military academies are important vehicles through which coups can emerge predominantly in authoritarian states.
Glorious Brothers, Unsuitable Lovers: Moroccan Veterans, Spanish Women, and the Mechanisms of Francoist Paternalism
Authors: Wright Stephanie
Published: August 2018

Out of the 78,504 Moroccans who fought in the Francoist army during the Spanish Civil War, an estimated 55,468 sustained injuries over the course of the conflict. Within the deeply hierarchical and militaristic regime of Francisco Franco, a privileged symbolic space was reserved for troops from the Spanish Protectorate who had sacrificed their bodily integrity in the ‘Crusade’. Such veterans were presented by the regime as the ‘glorious mutilated’, and a special body was established to manage their disability pension claims. Yet this privileged position did not imply parity with veterans’ Spanish counterparts, especially when it came to romantic relationships with Spanish women. This article will explore how the Francoist regime’s paternalism towards its Moroccan veterans helped to entrench racial hierarchies in Francoist Spain while respecting military ones. Through an examination of the everyday bureaucratic interactions between representatives of the Francoist state and Moroccan men, paternalism emerges as an overlooked and undertheorized – yet highly significant – discourse in modern European politics and society. Far from being a by-product of colonial politics, paternalism in many ways defined the Francoist regime’s governing ethos more broadly, and helped to ensure its long-term survival both in the Protectorate and in Spain.
Junior High Schools Criticised
Authors: Gilbert Anne
Published: August 2018

Rather a severe arraignment is this, by a former high school teacher, nom a mother of four children. She writes: “Junior High Schools in my observation tend to make pupils soft because the responsibility and seriousness of education have been removed. They educate for hobbies but do not train for responsibility.”
The Three R's in the Modern School
Authors: Brown Joseph C.
Published: August 2018

“The modern school teaches the three R's, and it probably teaches them more effectively than they have been taught in any previous generation. The curriculum has been greatly enriched.”
A Brief for Home Study
Authors: Dempsey Clarence H.
Published: August 2018

“Too frequently students enter college or adult life without learning to study independently.”
The Perfect Teacher
Authors: Prentiss Henry M.
Published: August 2018

“A teacher is something of an adventurer in a brave world.” He must expect the unexpected.
Suggesting a “Humanity Chest”
Authors: Fisher Dorothy Canfield , Woodruff Caroline S.
Published: August 2018

In 1940, a Children's Crusade, hastily organized among; the schools of the United States, raised the substantial sum of $140,000 for the relief of children of other lands who were victims of war's ruthlessness and havoc. Two members of the national committee which conducted that emergency effort were Mrs. Dorothy Canfield Fisher, the well-known author, and Dr. Caroline S. Woodruff, another Vermont resident who needs no introduction to educators. As an outgrowth of experience with the Children's Crusade, Mrs. Fisher now proposes a more permanent and more inclusive arrangement to he known as a “Humanity Chest,” which shall serve as a focal point and medium of distribution for a philanthropic fund to be given by America's children in the schools. The project would he administered by a local committee of adults in each school community and would operate without overhead expense of any sort, according to Mrs. Fisher's plan, which Miss Woodruff heartily commends. The children of each school would be given a voice in the allocation of their gift.

The proposed set-up of the Humanity Chest was fully outlined by Mrs. Fisher in Educational Method of February, 1943, and any person desirous of taking an active part in the program will do well to procure a copy of that issue.

The following excerpts from Mrs. Fisher's article are presented, because they give some of the main reasons for the Humanity Cheat movement.
Pepper Relish
Authors: Rich Frank M.
Published: August 2018

A serving of vitamin appetizers that will put new zest into the school repast. If you are not in position to try it yourself, pass the Relish along to some other pioneer. Each device has been a favorite interest-builder somewhere in the field.
Land from wetland
Authors: Sangameswaran Priya
Published: August 2018

The notion of an urban frontier involves the idea of a border between areas based on differences along various axes such as the nature and degree of development and what constitutes the urban. Cities often draw upon such frontier regions for a variety of resources, of which, land is perhaps the most crucial. This article focuses on a ‘frontier’ in the city of Kolkata in eastern India—the East Kolkata Wetlands (EKW)—and the different meanings that land takes on there. While the creation of ‘new’ land is facilitated by the material properties and definitional ambiguities of the wetlands, the absorption of the land into standard processes of urbanisation is resisted by invoking ideas of nature. However, the conceptualisation of nature in this case is a functional one that does not do justice to the diversity of livelihood options and development trajectories possible in frontier lands. The article ends with some brief reflections on the specificities of the EKW as an urban frontier, the relationship between development and environmental protection and the possibilities in reimagining the future of frontier lands.
Bond graph observer for mode identification and discernibility study
Authors: Fathallah Eya , Zanzouri Nadia
Published: August 2018

This paper presents a new concept for calculating of the bond graph observer gains based on a graphical approach that investigates the Lyapunov Second Method in order to conclude about the observer stability and to search for the adequate gains that stabilize the observer. This new observer is used in the mode identification procedure. In fact, the observer’s residues allow the differentiation between the current mode and the other system modes. In order to guarantee the efficiency of the mode identification procedure, a new bond graph approach is proposed. It concerns the discernibility between the modes in bond graph language. First, it deals with the R-discernibility that introduces the definition of the discernibility through the structural parity residual then returns to a simple calculation of some matrices’ ranks in bond graph language. Second, another bond graph technique is applied to define the discernibility throughout the equivalency between the realizations.
Proportional integral observer-based decentralized stabilization design scheme for nonlinear complex interconnected systems
Authors: Tlili Ali Sghaier
Published: August 2018

For a class of complex interconnected nonlinear disturbed systems, a proportional integral (PI) decentralized observer-based feedback robust decentralized controller technique is proposed, relying on H∞ synthesis for disturbance mitigation and linear matrix inequality (LMI) tools to achieve asymptotic stabilization and stability analysis within the Lyapunov framework. The proposed design method draws on a prominent optimization problem that can be tackled in terms of LMI constraints to evaluate the decentralized controller and PI observer gain matrices jointly, to maximize the nonlinearity coverage tolerated by the system without destabilization and to improve the robustness of the proposed control strategy by minimizing an H∞ criterion despite exogenous disturbances and strong nonlinear interconnections affecting the subsystems. The efficacy and high performance of the proposed control approach, compared with a renowned decentralized guaranteed cost control strategy from the literature, are validated by numerical simulations on a greatly interconnected three-machine power system.
Global fixed-time stabilization for a class of uncertain high-order nonlinear systems with dead-zone input nonlinearity
Authors: Gao Fangzheng , Shang Yanling , Wu Yuqiang , Liu Yanhong
Published: August 2018

This paper considers the problem of global fixed-time stabilization for a class of uncertain high-order nonlinear systems. One distinct characteristic of this work is that the system under consideration possesses the dead-zone input nonlinearity. By delicately combining the sign function with a power integrator technique, a state feedback controller is designed such that the states of the resulting closed-loop system converge to the origin within a fixed time. A simulation example is provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Do Support and Strain With Adult Children Affect Mothers’ and Fathers’ Physical Activity?
Authors: Thomas Patricia A. , Lodge Amy C. , Reczek Corinne
Published: August 2018

Physical activity is central to health. Parents tend to have lower levels of physical activity than the childless, however, little is known about how adult child–parent relationship quality matters for mothers’ and fathers’ physical activity trajectories. Nationally representative panel data from the Americans’ Changing Lives survey (1986–2012) are used to analyze multilevel-ordered logistic regression models. Greater social support from adult children is associated with more frequent active exercise, and higher strain with adult children is related to more frequent active exercise and walking. A significant gender interaction suggests that strain with adult children is related to greater exercise among men more so than women, but this interaction is attenuated after adjusting for cigarette smoking, another gendered way of coping with stress. This study contributes to a more nuanced understanding of how different dimensions of intergenerational relationships shape health behaviors across the life course.
Redo tricuspid valve operation in patients with 1st-generation mitral prostheses
Authors: Chow Simon CY , Lee Alex PW , Ho Anthony MH , Chan Herman HM , Underwood Malcolm J , Wan Song
Published: August 2018

Background

In patients with remarkably enlarged cardiac chambers and history of implantation of older types of mitral valve prosthesis, the considerations for reoperative tricuspid valve surgery are not limited to the risks of sternal reentry but also include the dilemma of whether to carry out prophylactic replacement of the normal functioning but outdated prosthesis or leave it in situ.

Methods

We reviewed our surgical strategy and postoperative 5-year follow-up findings in two patients who underwent redo tricuspid surgery 3 to 4 decades after mechanical mitral valve replacement. Both patients presented with significant symptoms of progressive right heart failure due to severe tricuspid regurgitation, despite optimal medical therapy.

Results

We found the beating-heart approach to be an effective and safe method for redo tricuspid surgery. Both first-generation mitral mechanical prostheses were not replaced and have remained well functional upon the patients’ postoperative 5-year follow-up, respectively.

Conclusion

For patients with normal functioning first-generation mechanical mitral prostheses, whether to prophylactically replace the prosthesis should be based on an individualized risk-benefit analysis.
Ill Fares the Land: The Literary Influences and Agricultural Poetics of the Organic Husbandry Movement in the 1930s–50s
Authors: Diaper Jeremy
Published: August 2018

A number of well-known poets and literary writers were drawn towards the ideas of the organic husbandry movement in the 1930s–50s, including T. S. Eliot, John Middleton Murry and H. J. Massingham. This article explores the literary influences in the seminal organic texts of the period and examines the important role which poetry played in the formulation of key organic concepts and the dissemination of the organic cause. It concludes that a consideration of literature and poetry should play a pivotal role in our understanding of the development of the organic movement.
A Measure of Interdependence: Skill in the Supply Chain
Authors: Forbes Allison
Published: August 2018

Economic development strategies often target high-skill and high-wage industries and occupations, but the relationship between skills and wages is uneven and complicated. This study offers a skill-centered, industry-level overview of this uneven landscape. Familiar data sources (input–output tables, industry–occupation matrices, and occupational skill profiles) are used to analyze skill demand across the U.S. automotive cluster. The author shows that the automotive industry depends on the high-level manufacturing skills of intermediate goods suppliers and highlights that the lower wages in these and lower-tier supply sectors may impede skill regeneration and upgrading. Economic and workforce development practitioners can use this analysis to begin or reinvigorate skill-centric conversations with employers in high- and low-skill sectors. Industry leaders can use it to demonstrate the extent to which larger firms rely on the skills of their supply network and to motivate investments in skill development across the supply chain.
Application of a variable-fidelity hydrodynamic optimization strategy in fuel-efficient ship design
Authors: Zakerdoost Hassan , Ghassemi Hassan
Published: August 2018

Now more than ever, the amount of fuel a ship consumes and the amount of carbon dioxide emitted from a ship have attracted many researchers’ attention towards efficient and cost-effective ship designs. Therefore, fuel consumption and carbon dioxide emission reduction are two main targets of almost all industrial and scientific communities. The key scope of this article is to describe an innovative methodology for the variable-fidelity design optimization of a ship’s hull-propeller system under multiple operating conditions in early-stage ship design. Non-uniform rational basis spline technique and the efficient multi-objective evolutionary algorithm based on decomposition are, respectively, used to generate variants of hull-propeller designs and minimize the fuel consumption and carbon dioxide emission as objective functions of the proposed problem. The variable fidelity numerical solvers are also applied for the hydrodynamic evaluation of the design performance during optimization. Three different specific fuel oil consumption data provided by the engine manufacturers Wartsila, MAN B&W and Caterpillar are used to optimize a medium-sized bulk carrier driven by a well-known propeller as the initial design. The numerical results show an improvement in performance of the optimal hull-propeller designs.
Creating a new psychiatry: on the origins of non-institutional psychiatry in the USA, 1900–50
Authors: Scull Andrew
Published: August 2018

This paper examines the early origins of the shift away from institutional psychiatry in the USA. It focuses on the period between 1900 and 1950. Attention is paid to the role of neurologists and disaffected asylum doctors in the early emergence of extra-institutional practice; to the impact of the National Committee for Mental Hygiene and Thomas Salmon; to the limited role of psychoanalysis during most of this period; and to the influence of the Rockefeller Foundation’s decision to focus most of its effort in the medical sciences on psychiatry.
Stem cells for lupus nephritis: a concise review of current knowledge
Authors: Sattwika P D , Mustafa R , Paramaiswari A , Herningtyas E H
Published: August 2018

Lupus nephritis (LN), a common manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), accounts for significant morbidity and mortality in SLE patients. Since the available standard therapies and biologic agents for LN are yet to achieve the desired response and have considerable secondary effects, stem cell therapy has now emerged as a new approach. This therapy involves the transplantation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Our current review will highlight the progress of stem cell therapy for LN, along with the challenges encountered and the future direction of this approach.
Testimonial Injustice and Vulnerability: A Qualitative Analysis of Participation in the Court of Protection
Authors: Lindsey Jaime
Published: August 2018

This article explores participation in Court of Protection (COP) proceedings by people considered vulnerable. The article is based on original data obtained from observing COP proceedings and reviewing COP case files. It is argued that the observed absence of the subject of proceedings is a form of testimonial injustice, that is, a failure to value a person in their capacity as a giver of knowledge. The issue of competence to give evidence is considered but it is argued that it is not the formal evidential rules that prohibit a vulnerable adult from giving evidence. Instead, it is the result of a persistent assumption that they are inherently vulnerable and therefore lack credibility as a knowledge giver. This assumption results in the voices of vulnerable adults being routinely absent from legal proceedings. It is argued that having a voice in the courtroom is essential and has a number of intrinsic and instrumental benefits. The article concludes with a discussion about the implications of the research, including the current trend towards the increased use of special measures, and recommends a presumption in favour of the subject of COP proceedings giving evidence.
Gendering Democracy: Recasting the ‘Multitude’
Authors: Bhattacharjee Sukalpa
Published: August 2018

This article attempts to look at notions of gendered resistance in general and in particular India’s northeast, using Michael Hardt’s and Antonio Negri notion of ‘multitude’. Their radical and anarchist approach to democracy can be critiqued and deployed through a conceptualisation of ‘multitude’ as ‘political subject’ within an operational frame of democracy, by projecting gendered individual or collective action as a counter-discourse to patriarchy. Such an alternative of women’s singular and collective action attempts to concretise an ‘inclusive democracy’ that performatively works out the conceptual bases on which a new language of democracy can be articulated. The question is: Whether the idea of democracy as conceptualised by these movements is distinct from what is currently available under the structure of institutional democracy. Gendered selves and collectives, as theorised by Hardt and Negri, are an extensionally determined form of subjectivity that assumes ‘living flesh’ as a necessary precondition for singularity of its lived body of difference. Reordering of the feminine subjectivity as mentioned previously happens through resistance to bio-political organisation of relations of production that creates altered and transformed spaces of gendered identities. Contemporary resistance movements in general and women’s movements in particular unfold different modes of constructions of resistant subjectivities. Women as a socially and politically excluded group must rethink and reorder the patriarchal notion of femininity which justifies their exclusion and represent it in their own terms.
Emotional Experiences During Childhood of Iranian Women with Compulsive Sexual Behaviour: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Moshtagh Mozhgsan , Mirlashari Jila , Rafiey Hassan
Published: August 2018

Compulsive sexual behaviour is a disorder causing substantial social damage. Understanding the experiences of individuals with this disorder can help prevent and mitigate its consequences. Researchers conducted an independent content analysis of the data obtained through qualitative methods in the cities of Shiraz and Tehran in Iran. A total of 19 women aged 20–35 years receiving treatment for their sexual compulsivity as well as a therapist were interviewed. Five main categories emerged from the data, including the resentful emotional duality (having contradictory or paradoxical emotions simultaneously, such as love versus hate and rage versus fear) felt towards their father and men in general, an early aberrant social experience (premature exposure to sexual relations) and an abnormal perception of love. It appears that the weak cultural and educational structures in place and interpersonal communication disorders contribute significantly to the formation of hyper-sexuality.
Book Review: Parveen Talha, A Word Thrice Uttered: Stories on Life’s Realities
Authors: Pande Amitabha
Published: August 2018

Parveen Talha, A Word Thrice Uttered: Stories on Life’s Realities. New Delhi: Niyogi Books, 2017, 192 pages, ₹350. ISBN: 978-93-85285-87-5.
From the Ruins of Chanakya: Exhibition History and Urban Memory
Authors: Sahu Ipsita
Published: August 2018

Unlike the somewhat natural decay of other single screen theatres of Delhi, the demolition of the famous Chanakya cinema (1969–2008) was an iconoclastic event. When the theatre was demolished in 2008 to pave the way for a multiplex and shopping mall, a wide and intensifying wave of dissent reigned, as the city was rudely awakened to the realities of urban transformation. At a time when film theatres had started to decline in India with the emergence of home entertainment in the 1970s and 1980s, Chanakya theatre offered a distinctive culture of cinema and urban leisure to the middle-class residents of Delhi, foreshadowing the multiplex imagination decades before its arrival. This article attempts to understand the Chanakya story and its theatrical legacy as a prehistory of globalisation. It explores the phenomenon of Chanakya’s auratic presence in the city’s imagination as it maps the theatre’s biographical journey, starting from its precarious inception in one of the more remote areas of Delhi through to its prominent place in the city’s cultural life for almost 30 years, followed by its afterlife as a potent emblem symbolising the end of a bygone era in the city’s collective memory. The micro-analysis of the Chanakya story explores the complex circuits within which architecture, film text, urban materiality and public memory converge.
The early case law of the Eurasian Economic Union Court
Authors: Entin Kirill , Pirker Benedikt
Published: August 2018

This article examines the first years of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) through the prism of the Eurasian Economic Union Court’s jurisprudence and draws parallels with the case law of the Court of Justice of the European Union. The EAEU Court has taken first steps in establishing an autonomous legal order, but also in linking it with international law. It has interpreted the relevant law to create a system of legal remedies and started in the interpretive construction of a common market. We conclude that some differences to EU law are due to the institutional context. At the same time, the EAEU Court has deliberately taken some decisions to establish its own balance between autonomy and openness of the legal order it is called to interpret and simultaneously create.
Upper Extremity Subcutaneous Lymphatic Drainage “Lymphocentesis” for Symptom Relief in End-Stage Breast Cancer
Authors: Liao Pamela , Rossini Kathleen , Sauls Roberts
Published: August 2018

Lymphedema is a challenging condition that occurs as a complication to many life-limiting medical conditions. It has a number of associated symptoms including pain, functional impairments, and emotional distress. Majority of treatment interventions have been studied and applied outside of the palliative care context. Subcutaneous drainage is a technique that has been used in some case reports for the lower extremity and sacrum with good results. This report describes an adapted technique of subcutaneous drainage for treating upper extremity lymphedema in the palliative setting.
Evaluating Nasalance Values Among Bilingual Mandarin–English Speakers
Authors: Pua Eshan , Holt Yolanda , Kollara Lakshmi , Rangarathnam Balaji , Fang Xiangming , Perry Jamie L.
Published: August 2018

Objective:

The goals of this research are (1) to establish normative nasalance values for bilingual Mandarin–English speakers and compare values to those of previously reported monolingual Mandarin speakers, and (2) to examine whether sex, age, dialect, and language proficiency affect levels of nasalance among Mandarin–English speakers in both English and Mandarin.

Design:

All participants recorded the speech stimuli, constructed to include oral sentences, nasal sentences, oronasal sentences, and vowels /ɑ, i, u/ in Mandarin and English. Nasalance measurements were recorded using the Nasometer II 6450.

Participants and Setting:

A total of 45 (20 males and 25 females) native Mandarin speakers between 20 and 54 years of age from mainland China participated in the study.

Results:

Mean nasalance scores of the Mandarin oral sentence (Mean [M] = 17.64, standard deviation [SD] = 7.33), oronasal sentence (M = 54.62, SD = 7.81), and nasal sentence (M = 68.73, SD = 8.09) are reported. Mean nasalance scores of the English oral sentence (M = 20.02, SD = 7.83), oronasal sentence (M = 58.71, SD = 7.59), and nasal sentence (M = 65.27, SD = 7.45) are reported. A repeated measures analysis of variance showed significant sex difference in nasalance scores for English stimuli ( P = .031) and Mandarin stimuli ( P = .040). There was no significant effects of age, dialect, and language proficiency on Mandarin or English stimuli.

Conclusions:

This is the first study to report normative values for Mandarin–English speakers using the Nasometer II. Values reported can be used for objective assessment of bilingual speakers.
Development and Implementation of a Family-Focused Undergraduate Nursing Curriculum: Minnesota State University, Mankato
Authors: Meiers Sonja J. , Eggenberger Sandra K. , Krumwiede Norma
Published: August 2018

Nurse educators have the responsibility to create learning experiences centered on the scientific and praxis foci of the nursing discipline to advance nursing practice with families. Although the nursing profession has ample knowledge about the importance of family nursing and the value of family-focused actions, there is a lack of curricular and teaching models that address nursing practice with families in numerous courses and learning experiences. This article describes the development of a family-focused undergraduate curriculum and teaching–learning practices at Minnesota State University, Mankato in the United States. A vision and mission centered on the nursing of families, a family care teaching model, a framework of family constructs, and taxonomy of significant learning strategies guided faculty in creating learner-centered experiences. Course objectives, competencies, and teaching–learning practices in this curriculum are described. This manuscript may guide the development of innovative teaching–learning practices that integrate family nursing constructs and family nursing actions from a variety of family nursing models and theories. Initial evaluation suggests that this curriculum can increase students’ knowledge of family and instill a passion for family care in undergraduate programs.
Multiorgan dysfunction syndrome in feline sepsis: prevalence and prognostic implication
Authors: Troìa Roberta , Mascalzoni Giulia , Calipa Stefano , Magagnoli Ilaria , Dondi Francesco , Giunti Massimo
Published: August 2018

Objectives

The current study was designed to evaluate the prevalence and prognostic significance of multiorgan dysfunction syndrome (MODS) in cats with sepsis.

Methods

Cats hospitalised in the intensive care unit of a veterinary university hospital with a diagnosis of sepsis were prospectively enrolled and divided according to disease severity and outcome (survivors; non-survivors). The feline acute patient physiological and laboratory evaluation (APPLE) scores were calculated upon admission, as previously described. Specific criteria to identify selected organ dysfunction (hepatic, renal, respiratory, cardiocirculatory, haemostatic) were adapted from the available human and veterinary literature, and evaluated at baseline and at the end of hospital stay. MODS was defined as the presence of at least two dysfunctional organs simultaneously. Non-parametric statistics were used for comparisons. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses to evaluate significant risk factors for death were carried out. Correlations between variables were assessed by the Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. Significance was set at P <0.05.

Results

A total of 43 cats with heterogeneous sources of sepsis were included. MODS was identified in 25/43 cats upon admission and in 32/43 cats at the end of hospital stay. Regression analyses showed a significantly elevated odds ratio for mortality for the presence of MODS, renal and cardiovascular dysfunction upon admission, as well as for the number of dysfunctional organs. The latter was the only variable retained by the model from the multivariate binary logistic regression analysis. Significant correlations were documented between the number of dysfunctional organs and the APPLE scores.

Conclusions and relevance

MODS is a frequent complication of feline sepsis, and is associated with worse outcomes. In particular, renal and cardiovascular dysfunction significantly increase the odds for death. Hence, systematic screening for organ dysfunction is advocated in cats with sepsis.
Prevalence of overweight and obesity among US youth with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Healy Seán , Aigner Carrie J , Haegele Justin A
Published: August 2018

The purpose of this study was to examine current overweight and obesity prevalence rates among US youth (aged 10–17 years) with and without autism spectrum disorder, based on the 2016 National Survey of Children’s Health. Analyses of weight status, derived from parent-reported height and weight measures, were conducted for a weighted sample of 875,963 youth with autism spectrum disorder and 31,913,657 typically developing youth. Controlling for age, race/ethnicity, income, and sex, youth with autism spectrum disorder had significantly higher odds of overweight (odds ratio = 1.48, p = 0.04) and obesity (odds ratio = 1.49, p = 0.02) compared to typically developing youth. Among youth with autism spectrum disorder, 19.4% were overweight and 23.05% were obese. Among typically developing youth, 14.9% were overweight and 15.91% were obese. Higher odds of obesity were reported for youth with severe autism spectrum disorder (odds ratio = 3.35, p < 0.01), compared to those with mild autism spectrum disorder.
Multi-level Governance and Local Government Reform in Pakistan
Authors: Taj Aamer , Baker Keith
Published: August 2018

Local government reform in Pakistan’s Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) province between 2001 and 2009 is examined through the lens of multi-level governance. The reforms were initiated by the military-led government of Pervez Musharraf and entrenched the power of the federal government. The reforms of 2001–09 were similar to the reforms implemented by the governments of Ayub Khan in the 1960s and Zia-ul-Haque in 1979. The article argues that three different military governments pursued similar programmes of constitutional reform to secure themselves in power. We conclude that devolution may not always enhance democracy.
Optimization of acoustic emission parameters to discriminate failure modes in glass–epoxy composite laminates using pattern recognition
Authors: Chelliah Suresh Kumar , Parameswaran Pabitha , Ramasamy Sengottuvelusamy , Vellayaraj Arumugam , Subramanian Srinivasan
Published: August 2018

In this article, to overcome the challenges encountered during the discrimination of various failure modes in post impacted/indented glass-fiber-reinforced plastic, techniques like pattern recognition method and advanced signal processing were employed. The significant acoustic emission parameters such as amplitude, rise time, counts, energy, duration, and peak frequency that are acquired during compression after impact test are considered as inputs to cluster validity index and for various clustering techniques such as k-means, fuzzy C-means, and Kohonen’s self-organizing map. The acoustic emission count–frequency and amplitude–frequency have no overlapping, whereas other combinations of acoustic emission parameters result in overlapping with four clusters. The clustering techniques are validated by discrete wavelet transform of acoustic emission signals. The discrete wavelet transform was performed on the clustered acoustic emission signals to identify the percentage of energy and frequency content of each level which correlates the different failure modes. The results infer that k-means, fuzzy C-means clustering, and Kohonen’s self-organizing map are 94.5%, 97.1%, and 98.6% reliability, respectively, clearly suggesting Kohonen’s self-organizing map as the most appropriate technique for the classification of acoustic emission signature.