bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gestión de capital de trabajo y su efecto en la rentabilidad para el grupo de empresas del sector manufacturero Ecuatoriano
Authors: Guamán Cesar Augusto Valladares , Jiménez Karen Valeria Sánchez , Peñate Mikel Ugando , García Ángel Ramon Sabando , Peñate Antonio Villalón
Published: May 2021

La industria manufacturera en el Ecuador desempeña un papel preponderante en el ámbito de la economía del país, este sector favorece a la generación de ingresos, empleos y propende a la concreción de oportunidades de desarrollo. El presente estudio tiene como propósito analizar el efecto de la gestión de capital de trabajo en la rentabilidad de las empresas del sector manufacturero. La investigación se realizó con base a un enfoque cuantitativo de tipo descriptivo, longitudinal y correlacional. Para la recolección de información se aplicó análisis de contenidos, por cuanto se seleccionaron datos respecto a los indicadores de gestión y rentabilidad de las empresas correspondientes a los subsectores del área de manufactura, haciendo referencia a una indagación de cinco años al cierre del periodo 2018 según la información emitida por la Superintendencia de Compañías. Posteriormente se estableció la inducción del coeficiente de correlación y análisis multivalente con base al modelo de regresión múltiple para determinar el nivel de relación de diversos indicadores de capital de trabajo en referencia a la rentabilidad del activo. Como principales resultados se identifica que los modelos globales son significativos para los periodos 2014-2017, implicando que los indicadores de gestión de capital de trabajo explican las fluctuaciones de rentabilidad del activo, sin embargo, en el año 2018 el modelo no es significativo. La variable independiente que mayor incidencia genera en la rentabilidad es la rotación de ventas, puesto que su significancia se replica en tres años consecutivos y las pruebas de bondad de ajuste son significativas y los coeficientes diferentes de cero. Para el análisis matemático, estadístico y gráfico se utilizó las aplicaciones informáticas Microsoft® Excel (2019), y SPSS versión 21.
Análisis de la criminalidad femenil desde la multidisciplinariedad
Authors: García-Álvarez Martha Fabiola , Monroy-Ojeda Carla , Haro-Reyes Dante Jaime , Navejas-Padilla Ramón Gerardo , Medina-Villarreal Jorge Humberto
Published: May 2021

Las investigaciones multidisciplinarias ayudan a comprender desde varios enfoques qué sucede con nuestro objeto de estudio, que es la conducta delictiva femenil. Por ello, a partir de la Criminología, se hizo un estudio criminológico de manera multidisciplinaria, aplicándose el trabajo de campo en el Centro Preventivo y de Readaptación Femenil de Puente Grande, Jalisco (2008 al 2013), a las internas de entre 18 y 35 años recluidas por el delito de homicidio. Se desglosa la multicausalidad de su conducta para poder realizar una investigación inter y multidisciplinaria, a partir de los factores internos y externos que influyen en sus acciones, para llegar a la transdisciplinariedad. Esto, desde los aspectos sobre la génesis, la educación, los derechos humanos, la prevención del delito y las políticas criminales.
Enfermeras anestesistas años 1970 a 1980, hospitales terciarios: rol del profesional
Authors: Osses Verónica San Martin , Riveros Edith Rivas
Published: May 2021

Introducción: el rol profesional desempeñado por las enfermeras anestesistas en los hospitales terciarios de Chile, no ha sido reconocido ni documentado, debido a esto se realiza la presente investigación histórica relacionada con el tema. Objetivo: develar el rol de las enfermeras en el área de anestesia, en los años 1970 a 1980, en un hospital del sur de Chile. Método: estudio histórico, a través de historia oral, que incorpora en la recolección de información, fotografía de época y entrevista no estructurada. Análisis de contenido e iconográfico. Cumple criterios éticos según Exequiel Emmanuel (1) y consentimiento informado. Resultados: debido a la falencia importante de médicos anestesiólogos, fue necesaria la preparación de enfermeras en anestesia. Quienes, por su preparación y dedicación, fueron un pilar fundamental en el desarrollo del área quirúrgica por años en hospitales de menor complejidad.

Discusión: se destaca la importancia que tuvieron a nivel de salud nacional, en el transcurso de la historia, las enfermeras anestesistas, demostrando entrega y compromiso en su labor, desarrollando una función médica con alto grado de profesionalismo, a pesar de haber sido subvaloradas y poco reconocidas en el desarrollo de la cirugía en Chile.

Conclusión: el trabajo de las enfermeras anestesistas permitió la resolución quirúrgica de numerosas intervenciones en hospitales terciarios, siendo un aporte importante a la salud, hecho histórico, poco reconocido y valorado.
PENGARUH PEMASANGAN MEDIA INTERPRETATIF TERHADAP PERUBAHAN PERILAKU WISATAWAN DALAM MEMBUANG SAMPAH DI TEBING BREKSI
Authors: Ahmad Halim , Sigarete Bayu Grendo
Published: May 2021

Breksi Cliffs were built and managed for tourist destinations in 2015. One of the challenges in the management of tourism in Breksi Cliff is garbage. The main factor ignoring garbage problems by tourists is due to their poor understanding of the environment and the dangers of environmental damage. So that, we need an initiative from the manager of Breksi Cliff in managing the environment around the tourist site through the installation of an interpretive media that is educative to the tourists about the environment, as well as an effort to provoke tourists to participate actively in order to control garbage in Breksi Cliffs. This research is a qualitative research and it is using experimental method. The study design was randomized complete design with 2 treatments and 3 repetitions. The data were collected by sampling method, by counting the trash in 2x2 m area around the sampling points. The data collection is 6 times with 3 times data retrieval before treatment and 3 times data after interpretative media installation treatment. The result of research based on statistical analysis shows that there is real difference of amount of gaebage before and after installation of interpretative media, where the garbage quantity decrease from 13,4 to 4,1.

Keywords: Breksi Cliff, Interpretative Media, Garbage, Experimental
PENGARUH BRANDING AND PACKAGING TERHADAP KINERJA SOSIAL DAN EKONOMI MUSEUM SONOBUDOYO SEBAGAI DAYA TARIK WISATA DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Muin Rezi Edi
Published: May 2021

Museum as one of the tourist attraction that has its own potential as a window to the world through a collection - a collection of cultural relics and historical form. Yogyakarta as a city of culture and history has such appeal through Sonobudoyo, this museum is a museum that has the most complete collection in Yogyakarta, (data Directorate of Preservation of Cultural Heritage and Museums Kemendikbud RI, 2014). Currently Sonobudoyo optimally not yet felt its role as a museum. It is based because Sonobudoyo in performance has not run optimally. So, we need studies that affect the performance of Sonobudoyo This study aims to determine the existing condition Sonobudoyo performance. From these results we can measure the extent of the influence of branding and packaging of the performance of the museum. This research uses descriptive qualitative and quantitative methods to determine the performance of existing Sonobudoyo by analyzing the influence of branding and packaging of the performance Sonobudoyo

Keywords:       Tourism Attraction, Museum Performance, Tourism Marketing, Branding & Packaging
DAMPAK SOSIAL PERKEMBANGAN BAKPIA DALAM INDUSTRI PARIWISATA DI PATHUK YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Nihayati Luluk
Published: May 2021

As a special food that has become an icon of a region, Bakpia is very important for people's lives, especially when viewed from an economic perspective. The existence of Bakpia has given a lot of blessings to the weak economy groups that are not absorbed into the formal sector. Thus, this study describes the Bakpia business unit along with individuals and the competency involved in it, Bakpia as a tourism industry, the economic implications of Bakpia, and the impact of its development on the Pathuk community. This research is qualitative research, both positioned as a primary source and as part of the explanation in the effort to reconstruct the development of Bakpia. This causes the facts obtained from the resource persons to be agreed so that they meet the requirements to be part of the results. Related to economic studies, it is being discussed in the preparation of the study's thought flow. The consideration, namely the development of Bakpia changes and cannot be separated from the licensing of the informal city economic sector. Sectors that support economic actors are not enumerated by statistical data so that they are often considered as one of the main concerns of the city.

Keywords: culinary, bakpia, tourism industry, social impact
THE UNIQUENESS OF THE WARUNGBOTO HERITAGE SITE AS AN INTERESTING SELFIES PLACE IN YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Isdarmanto Isdarmanto , Dwiatmaja Christantius , Ihalauw John J.O.I , Sunarto Hari , Abdi Antonius Suryo
Published: May 2021

The development of tourism in various regions in Indonesia has been able to encourage all aspects of people's lives, to be able to work, to fill the opportunities and challenges of globalization in information technology that has been running very fast now. In its development, tourism excellence from the aspect of local wisdom, especially natural resource assets, culture, history, has become the main attraction of tourism destinations of special interest today. Warungboto historical building site is one of the historical tourism assets of Sri Sultan Hamengku Buwono II, which has an exotic and unique value that is widely used by millennial teenagers to take selfie. So it is very strategic role in promoting Warungboto site in Yogyakarta city branding. The existence of Warungboto site as a cultural preservation and provides more information about the history of the royal family of the Palace of Jogjakarta in the era of Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwono II. This study uses qualitative research so that it can be more in-depth and able to increase the philosophical value of the history of Warungboto site more broadly in the competitive aspects of Yogyakarta Tourism marketing in the millennium era.

Keywords: warungboto site, philosophical value, jogja’s branding
KARAKTER GENERASI MILENIAL DALAM BERWISATA DI DESTINASI WISATA BUDAYA LAWANG SEWU DAN KOTA LAMA SEMARANG
Authors: Pravita Vina Dini
Published: May 2021

This paper aims to find out how the character of the millennial generation in traveling in the destination of Lawang Sewu and the Old Town Region of Semarang. The study used a descriptive qualitative method followed by interviews with visitors to the two tourism destinations which resulted in the conclusion that the character of the millennial generation was greatly influenced by cell phone use both in obtaining information on the selection of destinations to be visited and the activities carried out during the tour. It can be concluded from the writing that millennial generation cannot be separated from cellular phones in everyday life. This has a big influence on the implementation of decision making, in this case the selection of destinations and attitudes when traveling.

Keywords: millennial generation, destination, cell phone, character
Historical and pedagogical works of G. Gubaidullin as a result of his social and pedagogical activity
Authors: Malikov R.Sh. , Miftakhov A.F.
Published: May 2021

The relevance of the study consists in the fact that pedagogical thought, experience of teaching and upbringing of many generations and of multinational people made it possible to create a modern education system in Russia. An appeal to the pedagogical thought of enlighteners of the past and a critical rethinking of the historical experience of organizing education will contribute to improving the quality of education and achieve better results in educating the young generation. Turning to the history of pedagogical thought and upbringing experience will reveal the pedagogical values that have been forgotten, but are relevant for modern education, which will expand our ideas about the great thinkers of the past. Modern education reforms actualize the need to refer to the past experience of organizing training and education, as well as pedagogical thought, which will prevent numerous mistakes in the education system. The pedagogical thought of the great enlighteners of the past has always been and remains relevant at all times, for their correctness has been proven by time. The pedagogical thought and practice of education during the period of historical changes in Russia in 1920-30-s are of particular relevance. During this period of historical development of social and political life, the education system is also radically changing, which is significant for its great thinkers and educators who are called upon to organize education, instill cultural values in the young generation, and reveal all the wealth and effectiveness of national education. The problem of the research is to study the pedagogical heritage and practical activities of the educators of the early 20th century, in particular, G. Gubaidullin, who left a bright trace in the history of Tatar pedagogical thought. The purpose of the research is to reveal the practical pedagogical activity of the Tatar educator G. Gubaidullin, which was later theoretically generalized and reflected in pedagogical essays. In the course of the research the following methods have been applied: study of archival materials, manuscripts, theoretical literature; comparison of the pedagogical heritage of the past and the modernity; analysis of practical activities and pedagogical heritage of the educator; induction and deduction. The research results and key conclusions are the following: the pedagogical idea and experience of educating the young generation at the beginning of the 20th century have been proposed on the example of creativity and activities of the Tatar educator and teacher G. Gubaidullin for studying pedagogical educational institutions, the history of Pedagogy and education, theory and methods of educational work in the direction of preparation of 44.03.01 «Pedagogical education».
Problems of distance education in the pandemic period
Authors: Rogacheva P.S. , Semergey S.V.
Published: May 2021

The relevance of the research is predetermined by one of the most difficult and pressing problems in the education this year, namely the emergency transition of educational organizations to a distance learning format in due to the pandemic and self-isolation. The research problem is caused by the collision of the education system with the unprecedented challenge of the urgent and large-scale transfer of the educational process to the online format, which exposed many permanent and new problems, while giving an «impetus» to the development of distance education in the field of higher and professional education. The purpose of the research is an overview of the problems of distance learning identified during the implementation of educational programs in online format during a pandemic and the search for ways to solve them. The research methods used are analysis, analogy, generalization. The results of the research include the description of the main difficulties and problems of distance learning during the pandemic; a number of tasks that require solutions to optimize the use of information and communication technologies in education, both in a single educational organization and in the education system as a whole; some options for solving the problems of using distance learning. Key findings are the following: the pandemic and the associated self-isolation accelerated dramatically the global transformation of the entire education system, forced complex adaptation processes in education, primarily in distance education, associated with changes not only in the forms and methods of teaching, but also in the consciousness of teachers and students, which requires further comprehensive studying both these processes themselves and the conditions for their development.
Formation of speech culture of primary schoolchildren by means of speech metaphoricity
Authors: Urakova F.K. , Shcherbashina I.V. , Pkhanaeva S.N.
Published: May 2021

Modern education and upbringing is characterized by qualitatively new requirements imposed by educational standards, not only for the content of the educational process, but also for the development of students’ personal qualities. The implementation of these requirements occurs in the process of improving the speech culture of primary schoolchildren. Thus, the development of speech culture of students in general and its expressiveness, in particular, is becoming one of the urgent problems of modern language education. One of the means of forming the expressiveness of speech is its metaphor. The mastery of the metaphor by primary schoolchildren as a way of transferring the name of one object to another with any similar sign develops their imaginative thinking, expands their vocabulary, develops the ability to select words, makes speech more spatial and fulfilling. The relevance of the article is determined by the need to form the speech culture of primary school children on the basis of the metaphorical nature of speech and the lack of undeveloped relevant scientifically grounded learning systems that make it possible to put this provision into practice. The purpose of the article is to determine some theoretical provisions of the problem and to present a methodological system for the formation of the speech culture of primary schoolchildren on the basis of the metaphorical nature of speech. The research methods used are theoretical analysis, analysis of the products of students’ activity, fixation of the educational process, pedagogical experiment. The authors presented the following provisions: the concepts of «speech culture», «expressiveness of speech», «metaphor» have been clarified; the indicators of the formation of skills in the field of metaphorical speech in junior schoolchildren have been determined, a methodological system for the formation of speech culture based on the metaphoricity of speech has been developed, the effectiveness of the proposed methodological system has been experimentally proved. The conclusions: the problem of improving the speech culture of students and, in particular, its expressiveness on the basis of metaphor is quite wide and diverse. Knowledge in the field of metaphorical speech helps younger students to achieve a higher level of development of speech culture.
Features of Internet Dialogue at the Modern Stage
Authors: Kobleva Z.Kh. , Karataban I.A.
Published: May 2021

The article analyzes modern Internet technologies that have a significant impact on the process of relations between the civil society and the state, considers the possibilities of building a dialogue between government bodies with representatives of various social groups, using modern Internet technologies. Special attention is paid to the Internet communications system, as an important principle in the implementation of the policy of openness and accessibility in the activities of public authorities, the priority of which is noted in the relevant regulatory legal acts. The article reveals the mechanism of communication of citizens with state authorities and local self-government through the system of state portals. In this regard, it is necessary to highlight an important feature of the Internet dialogue at the present time: it is close interaction between the subjects of communication, which is increasing due to the modern technical characteristics of the Internet. The relevance of the article is due to the emergence of a serious scientific interest in new forms of Internet communication. The purpose of the article is to study and consider the features of the modern Internet dialogue between the subjects of communication, which is increasing due to the modern technical characteristics of the Internet. In accordance with a specific goal, the following tasks have been set and solved: - to study the concept, forms and organization of communication via the Internet; - to find out the advantages and disadvantages of virtual communication; - to consider the features of the Internet dialogue on the Internet. The practical significance of the article lies in the use of provisions and conclusions in the process of communication between the state and civil society. The methodological basis of the article includes a systematic approach, and methods of comparison and observation. Thus, an information-rich environment can act as an effective platform for the interaction of various people and social groups, representing one of the universal means of communication and information transfer. With the growth of modern computer technologies, the forms and methods of Internet communications are constantly changing and improving. It should be noted that the Internet space is a part of modern society, in which each person has the opportunity for self-realization, which, in turn, arouses great interest from scientists in this topic.
Interdisciplinary nature of tactical and special training of cadets of educational organizations of the Russian ministry of interior
Authors: Batkhaev V.V. , Kushnarenko I.A.
Published: May 2021

An important factor in improving the professional training of personnel in the Russian Ministry Of Interior departmental university is the achievement of a high level of physical qualities, in particular strength, speed, coordination abilities, endurance and flexibility, which determine the success of the further formation of a rational technique of self-defense without weapons in hand-to-hand combat, as well as special tactical training (TST) and psychological readiness to serve in future law enforcement officers. The main importance in the tactical training of DIA officers is assigned to the educational organizations of the Russian Ministry Of Interior, where cadets receive training not only in physical, but also in tactical and special training, and in firepower training within the specially developed programs. During the TST cadets learn to act harmoniously in an emergency, adhere to a line of behavior that meets the requirements of the law, get acquainted with methods and tools that are effective in a difficult operational environment. The methodology of teaching TST includes not only theoretical, but also practical classes, which is due to the specifics of knowledge, skills and abilities transmitted in such classes, and the conditions of the operational environment in which cadets will have to apply this knowledge. The theoretical description of the content and directions of professional training of police officers (physical, technical, psychological) allows us to identify a characteristic feature of the general professional training of police officers, that is a close relationship between these areas of training. Key conclusions: The interdisciplinary connections of tactical and special training of cadets of educational organizations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia have been revealed. It has been shown that modern qualification requirements for a police officer can be implemented only as a systemic combination of parameters of tactical-special, fire, psychological and physical fitness.
Computer literacy as a condition for the formation of future specialists in education
Authors: Zvereva L.G. , Pogodina I.A.
Published: May 2021

At present information technologies are rapidly developing all over the world, so a man of today should be engaged in self-education and self-improvement. Due to the rapid society informatization and learning conditions during a pandemic, there is an increasing need to improve the computer literacy of current and future teachers, as a computer is the main device in the work of a teacher and in teaching a student in the modern world. In this regard, the formation of computer literacy among students of pedagogical universities and teachers in the current learning environment is an urgent problem in modern society. In accordance with the problem, the main goal of the article is to analyze the works of both domestic and foreign scientists, devoted to the problems of training future teachers in the context of society informatization and the pandemic. For a more detailed analysis and study of the problem of computer literacy formation, the article uses a theoretical research method, which is implemented in considering the fundamental definitions of computer literacy, in highlighting the main levels of computer literacy. The result of the analysis is a listing and description of the basic skills that a pedagogical university student and an employee in the field of education must possess to work with computer information, as well as the use of computer programs in the professional activity of a teacher in the pandemic. Thus, increasing computer literacy is an integral process in the information society, especially during the period of active use of distance learning technologies.
Distance learning as a factor of increasing the efficiency of the educational process
Authors: Poddubnaya T.N.
Published: May 2021

The problem of developing effective educational technologies in the format of distance learning remains one of the most urgent for the world education system. The main initiator of the updating of online educational platforms was the COVID-19 pandemic, which revealed the problems of the transition of all educational institutions to the online mode. The research problem lies in the need to develop an effective pedagogical technology of distance learning as a factor in increasing the efficiency of the educational process. The purpose of the research is to present the experience of distance learning as a factor in increasing the efficiency of the educational process. The research objectives are to clarify the concept of «distance learning»; to reveal the concept of distance learning; describe the experience of using Moodle and Microsoft Teams online learning platforms; to identify the advantages and disadvantages of distance learning in modern educational practice. The research methodology and methods. The sources of information are scientific articles on the research topic, information from official sites. Methods used are analysis, synthesis, comparison, generalization. The research results. The prerequisites for the popularization of distance learning in the modern practice of educational institutions have been substantiated; the experience of distance learning using the example of testing Moodle and Microsoft Teams online platforms has been described; the advantages and disadvantages of distance learning in modern educational practice have been identified. Key findings: distance learning is based on the use of a digital educational environment (information and communication resources); the concept of distance learning provides for three types of distance learning: synchronous, asynchronous and blended; Moodle and Microsoft Teams online platforms are optimal for distance learning.
Teaching written foreign language communication in a nonlinguistic university
Authors: Shadzhe Z.M.
Published: May 2021

The article discusses the problem of effective written foreign language communication teaching, substantiates the need to develop a methodology for teaching written foreign language communication in a nonlinguistic university. The relevance of the research is due to the high interest of employers in employees possessing foreign language business discourse skills. Business writing skills are one of the factors for a young specialist's success. The study of the issue of training competent specialists remains in the problem field of teaching written foreign language communication in a nonlinguistic university. The problem of teaching foreign language writing was touched upon, however, the task of teaching foreign language discourse remains relevant in a nonlinguistic university and requires resolution of the contradiction between the need for specialists with written foreign language communicative competence and the development of the issue of teaching written foreign language communication in a nonlinguistic university. The purpose of the research is to develop a methodology for the development of written foreign language communicative competence in a foreign language practical lessons in a nonlinguistic university. In the course of the research the literature on the topic has been analyzed, the methods of observation and comparison have been used, and a pedagogical experiment has been carried out. The research results are of practical importance. They can be used by foreign language teachers in a nonlinguistic university in teaching «Professional foreign language», «Business foreign language», «Foreign language for professional communication», «Foreign language for business professional communication», «Foreign language in the professional sphere», «Technical foreign language», «Foreign language in the field of professional activity», «Foreign language for the profile of training». The study has showed that teaching written business discourse will be more successful if the learning process is based on a communicative-cognitive approach, the content of educational materials is situational, and an effective control system is developed.
ANALISA PENGARUH DISTRIBUSI BERAT TERHADAP MASA PAKAI BAN DAIHATSU AYLA M SPORTY
Authors: Habiba Syahrir , Darmulia Darmulia , Zaenal Ibrahim , Munajab Munajab
Published: May 2021

Overloading dan underinflation dapat menyebabkan tingginya masalah – masalah beruntun termasuk aus ban atau pecahnya ban. Dan dengan itu menjadi landasan dalam penelitian yang memiliki tujuan untuk mengetahui analisis pengaruh distribusi berat terhadap masa pakai ban daihatsu ayla m sporty. Dengan melakukan penelitian lapangan dan berbagai percobaan. Uji yang digunakan untuk menguji hasil data yaitu uji keausan ban. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif. Pengujian dilakukan dengan alat yang digunakan untuk meneliti adalah Tyre Gauge, Ban, Jangka Sorong, Timbangan serta bahan digunakan yaitu mobil ayla M sporty dan ban baru Setelah penelitian di dapatkan hasil sebanyak 54 kali pengujian yang dilakukan pada waktu dan hari yang berbeda sehingga dengan melakukan pengujian tersebut dapat menghasilkan sebuah hal yang ingin diketahui seperti bagaimana ketahanan serta masa pakai ban terhadap beban yang menghasilkan kehausan dan mengetahui beberapa variable-variable lain yang memungkinkan dapat membuat ban lebih cepat mengalami keausan dengan menggunakan beban 223 Kg, 233 Kg dan 243 Kg dengan jarak tempuh 20 Km dan menemukan temuan-temuan yang berupa jarak serta suhu udara dapat mempengaruhi keausan ban Yang selanjutnya di susun Pengaruh distribusi berat terhadap masa pakai ban. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan masa pakai ban dapat beransur lama jika dalam penggunaan dan perawatan terjamin, berat maksimal agar tidak terjadi overloading yaitu 243 Kg dengan kecepatan 40-90 Km/Jam. serta hal yang dapat mempengaruhi keausan ban yaitu dari suhu tinggi yang merupakan suhu normal pemakaian ban 28-32 derajat celcius.
PERBANDINGAN POSISI 1G, 2G DAN 3G TERHADAP KEKUATAN TARIK SAMBUNGAN LAS SMAW DENGAN MODEL KAMPUH V DAN KAMPUH X
Authors: Muddin Saripuddin , Juma Djufri , Syamsuddin Junaedy , Muhajir Muhajir
Published: May 2021

Proses penyambungan pelat dengan cara pengelasan pada saat ini sangat banyak digunakan, hal ini dikarenakan proses pengelasan akan sangat lebih cepat dan efisien. Penyebab terjadinya kerusakan pada pengelasan adalah penggunaan jenis kampuh las yang tidak sesuai dengan pembebanan ketika proses pengelasan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan dari kekuatan sambungan las dengan menggunakan kampuh V dan X dengan posisi pengelasan datar, vertikal dan horizontal. Penelitian menggunakan metode eksperimental yaitu menyambung dua pelat logam yang berbeda dengan menggunakan mesin las SMAW. Jenis sambungan yang digunakan adalah sambungan kampuh V dan kampuh X dengan ukuran panjang 15 cm, lebar 2 cm dan tebal 10 mm sesuai standar ASTM E8. Kemudian dilakukan pengujian meliputi pengujian tarik, spesimen uji tarik, dan menghitung regangan dan tegangan. Hasil penelitian ditunjukkan dengan arus las berpengaruh terhadap kekuatan tarik pengelasan SMAW. Adapun hasil dari penelitian yang dilakukan menunjukkan nilai kekuatan tarik yang variatif untuk kampuh v pada posisi pengelasan datar 40,297Mpa posisi vertical 40,824 Mpa dan posisi hotizontal 39,979 sedangkan untuk kampuh x nilainya pun bervariatif, pada posisi mendatar sebesar 41,666 Mpa  untuk posisi  vertical dan horizontal masing-masing 41,666 dan 41,788 Mpa. Kesimpulannya adalah Kekuatan tarik tertinggi dihasilkan oleh jenis kampuh X 2G dengan nilai rata-rata kekuatan tarik sebesar 417,14 MPa sedangkan kekuatan tarik terendah terdapat pada jenis kampuh V 2G dengan nilai rata-rata sebesar 39, 787 MPa.
KARAKTERISTIK CLEAT TERHADAP PERMEABILITAS DAN GAS CONTENT PADA BATUBARA ANGGOTA M3 FORMASI MUARAENIM DI DAERAH MANGUNJAYA, KABUPATEN MUSI BANYUASIN, PROVINSI SUMATERA SELATAN
Authors: Ibrahim Muhammad Abdurachman
Published: May 2021

Cekungan Sumatera Selatan merupakan cekungan batubara dengan sumber daya batubara terbesar kedua di Indonesia. Hal ini membuka peluang untuk dapat memanfaatkannya dengan eksplorasi gas metana batubara.

Gas content dan nilai permeabilitas sangat mempengaruhi potensi gas metana batubara pada suatu wilayah. Permeabilitas batubara sangat dikontrol oleh sistem cleat yang berkembang pada lapisan batubara tersebut. Studi mengenai karakteristik cleat pada batubara sangat diperlukan untuk melihat kemungkinan jalur keluarnya gas metana dalam batubara. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara karakteristik batubara, sistem cleat yang berkembang, dan pendekatan nilai permeabilitasnya.

Anggota M3 dari Formasi Muaraenim diambil sampel batubaranya untuk dilakukan analisis microcleat. Anggota M3 ini merupakan lapisan batubara yang tidak dalam, memiliki ketebalan yang cukup baik, dan merupakan target selain anggota M2 yang telah terbukti mempunyai potensi gas metana batubara.

Analisis microcleat dilakukan untuk mengamati face cleat, butt cleat, aperture, dan spasi. Korelasi dari hasil perhitungan permeabilitas terhadap gas content dan kedalaman lapisan batubara memberikan gambaran bahwa dengan semakin besar nilai permeabilitas maka semakin besar gas content.
The Anti-Circumvention Procedure in the Audiovisual Media Services Directive
Authors: Kokoly Zsolt
Published: May 2021

Recent challenges in the EU business sector also comprise the revision of the Audiovisual Media Services Directive (the new text in force since December 2018), the main media policy tool of the EU which establishes the legal framework for a convergent media landscape that comprises linear, non-linear audiovisual media services and, recently, also video-sharing platforms (VSPs) and user-generated content. One of the novelties in the revised text of the AVMSD is the new set of legal provisions enshrined in Art. 4 referring to the anti-circumvention procedure, a phenomenon the European media landscape has long been familiar with (i.e. broadcasters from another Member State circumventing the stricter rules of the target Member State). The need for a more transparent and efficient regulation originated in the practical difficulties of applying (pre-revision) Art. 4 by national regulating authorities (NRAs) as in many cases providers of audiovisual media services falling under another Member State’s jurisdiction refused to comply with their stricter rules or did not show any willingness to collaborate. The burden of proving the existence of circumvention or the evidence base to identify has proved to be a particularly difficult task for NRAs. The amended text of the AVMSD extends the power of the Member States to trigger the anti-circumvention procedure based on reasonable cause rather than the former requirement to prove the intention of circumvention by the provider. Also, the new set of provisions allows Member States to have circumvention reasonably established. Another novelty in the anti-circumvention procedure is the mandatory opinion that is to be requested by the European Commission from the European Regulators Group for Audiovisual Media Services(ERGA). The paper proposes to discuss the evolution of anti-circumvention measures in the two versions of the AVMSD as well as the projected effect on the phenomenon of circumvention of stricter rules on the new provisions.
Constitutional Questions of the Situational Legitimate Defence
Authors: Mészáros Ádám
Published: May 2021

This study examines the problems surrounding legitimate defence as an institution of criminal law, as it is regulated by the Hungarian legislator, in an international and comparative law perspective. It further examines the compatibility of the current regulation with the requirements of the Fundamental Law of Hungary as well as the practice of the Constitutional Court. The author concludes that the pertinent text of Section 22, para. (2) of the Hungarian Criminal Code seems to be unconstitutional, rendering the wide scope of legitimate defence in comparison to the requirements of proportionality as objectionable.
Some Remarks on the Issue of Suicide in Roman Criminal Law
Authors: Nótári Tamás
Published: May 2021

This paper analyses the issue of suicide in the sources of Roman law, primarily criminal law. In the course of that, it will focus on the following key points: after a few introductory remarks outlining the Roman custom of committing suicide, first, it will discuss the judgement of suicide in criminal law in general; then, it will examine the appearance of the culprit’s suicide as grounds for exclusion of culpability (and the limits thereof) in sources in imperial law; finally, it will briefly analyse the legal position of suicide in military criminal law.
Drones and Privacy-Related Issues/Concerns: Alice in Techno-Land
Authors: Simó Ferenc Zoltán
Published: May 2021

The paper examines the emerging technology of drones in their various forms and the difficulties posed by the regulation of this technology, in several jurisdictions, in particular in the United States of America and the European Union. The author begins by addressing the terminological difficulty in designating unmanned aircraft of different descriptions. He goes on to present the safety and operational rules instituted for these vehicles as well as the myriad of potential problems posed to privacy and security by this new technology. He concludes that a unified approach to the definition and regulation of such aircraft is necessary as current regulations lack the required level of cohesion to manage the safe application of this technology, especially when it comes to the defence of privacy rights.
What Will Robot Laws Look Like? The Code of AI and Human Laws
Authors: Ződi Zsolt
Published: May 2021

The author aims to present in the course of this study the possible future interactions between laws and the behaviour of artificial intelligence. Firstly, the theory of code is presented as well as the debate regarding the aptitude of laws to represent a means for the control of machine behaviour either directly or, as is more likely, when embedded in code. Secondly, the author analyses the consequences of the emergence of ‘robot law’, the ways in which a mixed, two-, or possibly three-tiered normative system is arising. In such a system, human-readable law and robot law are likely to diverge and even possess different characteristics such as an added degree of instability in the case of robot law. The author analyses the difficulties posed by transitioning between these systems and those of endowing machines with behavioural concepts such as ethics and unbiased action, problems compounded by the inherent opaqueness of the processes which underpin artificial intelligence. Finally, the author raises the possibility that codes designed to regulate human–machine interrelationships in and of themselves may constitute the beginning of a new, supranational legal system, with the platforms employing such codes transformed into quasi-sovereign entities.
Possible Ways for Development of the Consular Service in the South Pacific
Authors: Domaniczky Endre
Published: May 2021

The author presents the specifi c elements of diplomatic and consular work in the South Pacifi c region from the perspective of a career diplomat. He shows the main geographical and political characteristics of Australia which infl uence consular activity and also the characteristics of the benefi ciaries of consular services who need to be served by the consular infrastructure. The study presents several models for undertaking Hungarian consular work and for organizing the Hungarian consular network in Australia. The author also outlines current inconsistencies in the regulations applicable to consular activity in Australia under domestic, international, and Hungarian norms as well as functional issues and the possible ways to correct them. In his conclusions, the author formulates proposals for the redesign of consular organization in Australia.
The Legal Status of Jewish Properties after the Second World War
Authors: Moldoveanu Camelia
Published: May 2021

The author examines the legislative means by which the Jewish minority in Romania was dispossesd of its assets prior to World War II by the Fascist regime, and in the wake if this war, by the Communist regime. The study examines how, the post World War II govermennt willfully hindered the restitution of unlawfully taken Jewish assets, and how it has allowed not only the perpetuation of the dispossession which took place during the Holocaust, but has also added measures for the nationalization of Jewish assets. The post 1989 restitution process is also examined briefly, to outline the successive failures of the Romanian Government to enact proper restitution.
On the Patrimony of the Romanian Orthodox Church during the Communist Regime. Some Aspects
Authors: Petcu Adrian Nicolae
Published: May 2021

The study examines the extension of state control over the assets of the Romanian Orthodox Church during the Communist period of Romanian history. The author examines the topic by separately presenting norms and measures applied to immovable, and then to movable assets which were nationalised or taken under state control based on various legislative measures and pretexts. In the study the process by which the land and immovable assets, both of an ecclesiastical use, and used for supporting educational and other church activities is examined. The measures taken against the land and forestry assets held by the Romanian Orthodox Church by way of its institutions (parishes, monasteries etc.) is presented, as well as the fate of some church buildings. The author also examines the various measures aimed at bringing movable assets of the Romanian Orthodox Church under state control, including by confiscation, and forced inclusion into museum collections.
Historical Context of the Application of Private Law in the Geographic Space of Transylvania in Antiquity and the Middle Ages
Authors: Székely János
Published: May 2021

The following contribution constitutes a short primer for the studies contained in the present issue of Acta Universitatis Sapientiae – Legal Studies. We present the historical, legal, and administrative context for the development of private law in the geographic region known as Transylvania during antiquity and the Middle Ages. We make reference to the major questions of private law which shall be analysed by the various authors of this thematic issue.
Private Law in Transylvania as Part of the Kingdom of Hungary
Authors: Homoki-Nagy Mária
Published: May 2021

Transylvania was part of the mediaeval Kingdom of Hungary beginning from the founding of this kingdom and until the year 1540, when, due to historic circumstances, it became for a time a separate entity. The development of private law in this historical space was therefore in the beginning in large part convergent with that of Hungary. However, having a multi-ethnic population consisting of Hungarians, Szeklers, Saxons, and Romanians, with the first three nationalities benefitting from different, autonomous forms of administrative organization, a lot is to be said of specific Transylvanian private law. This study presents those elements and sources of private law which characterized legal relationships in Transylvania beginning with the founding of the Kingdom of Hungary and until the separation of this region from Hungary due to Ottoman conquest. We examine the major sources of law, consisting of customary law, statutory law, and acts of royal power. We then present in summarized form the main characteristics and provisions of the law applicable to persons, the family, immovable and movable property but also inheritance. Some specific private law regulations applicable to Szeklers and Saxons are also presented as well as the perspective of Romanian legal literature regarding the private law applicable to Romanians.
A Historical Outline of the Development of Civil Procedure in Transylvania as Part of Romania
Authors: Székely János
Published: May 2021

The following study constitutes a historical outline of the evolution of Romanian civil procedure in the period between 1918 and 2013 from the perspective of the norms applicable in Transylvania as part of Romania. Romanian civil procedure in the period immediately after 1918 presented a diverse picture, with several procedural regimes applicable in the same country at the same time. This raised the necessity of unifying procedural norms, at first attempted by recodification and later accomplished by the extension of the Code of Civil Procedure of the Kingdom of Romania to Transylvania in 1943. As the Soviet-type totalitarian regime was consolidated in the late 1940s, a reform (much rather a recodification) of civil procedure occurred in the new spirit of the age, which, along with subsequent norms led to the reduction of judicial remedies and the introduction of a ‘lay element’ into the process by the presence of assessors, and it also increased the role of public prosecutors during the civil trial. Following the 1989 regime change, civil procedure in Romania at first, before a comprehensive reform, reverted to historical models, and then finally recodification was achieved.
The Impact of Fraud on Financial Performance of Deposit Money Banks: Evidence from Nigeria
Authors: H. Tega Willliams , O. David Adeyanju
Published: May 2021

This study demonstrated new evidence sustaining the idea that the issue of fraud has a long history and that fraud in deposit money banks affect performance when fraud are proxied with data extracted from inappropriate auditing process, peer group pressure, computer fraud and management looting using the Generalized Least Square Method (GLS) and the z-statistics as method of data analysis. The data used in the study were adjusted with the Jarque-Bera test of normality to remove any form of spurious result as variable normality is a standardized requirement for any linear model while the cronbach apha value was used to test the validity, consistency and reliability of the data. The main aim of the study is to investigate if variables like computer fraud, managers looting; inappropriate auditing, peer group pressure affect bank performance. To achieve this objective, research questions and hypotheses were formulated and variables were proxied for fraud and deposit banks performance as distilled from related literatures. The GLS result was used to test the formulated hypotheses with a standard z-value of 1.96. The GLS regression results revealed that there are negative relationships between bank frauds and performance while the z-test shows that bank frauds affect deposit money bank performance in Nigeria. The study therefore recommends that an efficient and modern financial technological structure such as Computer Aided Auditing Tools & Techniques (CAATTs) would combat fraud in deposit money banks in Nigeria.