bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The role of endometrial factor in recurrent implantation failure (literature review)
Authors: Podzolkova N. M. , Shamugia N. L. , Varlakova P. M.
Published: April 2023

Over the past 30 years, assisted reproductive technologies (ART) have developed signifcantly, despite this, not every woman gets a long-awaited pregnancy on her frst attempt at in vitro fertilization (IVF). Not only the quality of gametes is important for successful embryo implantation, but also the readiness of the endometrium for nidation. Dysbiosis of the uterine microbiome can interfere with the necessary physiological changes of the endometrium in the dynamics of the menstrual cycle, reducing the success rate of ART programs. Endometrial structure mismatch with embryonic development leads to an implantation window shift, which together with uterine microbiome changes is one of the causes of recurrent implantation failures (RIF). In recent years, to improve the effectiveness of ART programs, increasing attention has been paid to the study and preparation of the endometrium for embryo transfer. High-throughput sequencing and analysis of the variable regions of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene is a rapid and affordable diagnostic tool that allows identifcation of culturable and non-culturable microorganisms. The debate about the need for treatment of chronic endometritis (CE), becomes more relevant when considering the prevalence of CE (21% among RIFs). The use of matrix RNA sequencing from endometrial tissue sample cells (RNA-seq) as an additional diagnostic method for RIF causes can help in personalized embryo transfer. This can increase the chances of successful implantation. RIF of endometrial origin is a complex problem of modern reproductive medicine. Currently, there is no consensus on the role of the listed endometrial factors of RIF. Receptive endometrium is one of the determinants of successful implantation. However published studies are insuffcient to reasonably recommend the wide application of methods for diagnosis and treatment of such endometrial factors as uterine microbiome changes and implantation window displacement.
Sport resumption and quality of life after surgical correction of anomalous origin of a coronary artery from the opposite sinus
Authors: André Camille-Océane , Hodzic Amir , Dolladille Charles , Maragnes Pascale , Cousergue Cynthia , Ollitrault Pierre , Sayegh Jimmy , Belli Emré , Labombarda Fabien
Published: April 2023

Objectives

We sought to assess the resumption of sport, exercise performances, and quality of life (QoL) in adults and children after surgical repair of anomalous coronary arteries originating from the opposite sinus (ACAOS).

Materials and methods

Patients who underwent surgical repair for ACAOS between 2002 and 2022 were retrospectively identified. Information about sports activity and exercise performance based on metabolic equivalents of task (METs) calculated at the last exercise stress test, were collected. QoL was assessed using age-appropriate questionnaires (Paediatric QoL Inventory, cardiac module version 3.0 for patients <18 years; SF-36 QoL Inventory for adults). Patients' METS and patients’ QoL-scores were compared to reference population using the Wilcoxon test.

Results

45 patients were enrolled (males 71%, adults 49%, anomalous right coronary 84%). Median age at surgery was 15 years; median follow-up after surgery was 2.3 years [4 months–12 years]. All post-operative exercise stress tests were normal, METs and VO2 max patients' values did not differ from healthy children or adults (Exercise intensity: 12.5 ± 4.7 vs. 13.4 ± 2 METS, p = 0.3; VO2 max: 43.6 ± 16.6 vs. 46.9 ± 7 ml/kg/min, p = 0.37). For adults, QoL—scores were similar between ACAOS patients and controls. For children, there was no significant difference between the study patients' scores and those of the reference population, except for physical appearance proxy-report (p = 0.02).

Conclusion

In our study, the practice of sports, exercise stress testing and QoL were not adversely affected after ACAOS repair.
Application of vibration wave CT technology in the dynamic prediction of shock hazards
Authors: Yi EnBing , Mu ZongLong , Wang Hao
Published: April 2023

The vibration wave CT detection technology could be used for forecasting dynamic disasters such as coal and gas outburst and rock burst in coal mines as well as for dynamic monitoring and warning of impact risks. Based on the positive correlation between stress and vibration wave velocity and the positive abnormal distribution of vibration wave velocity, the impact danger area could be determined. Two evaluation indexes on the impact risk were constructed: the anomalous coefficient An and abnormal value Am of the gradient variation coefficient (VG) of wave velocity. The critical values of the two indexes corresponding to the impact risk degree were given. In addition, the field engineering practice was carried out by using the inversion results of vibration wave CT detection technology. Combined with the field engineering geological conditions, the impact risk area of the F15-24080 working face was defined comprehensively. The results showed high precision of this CT detection technology. Vibration wave CT detection technology could make dynamic prediction and evaluation of the impact risk on a site and provide guidance and test for the formulation and implementation effect of pressure relief measures in high-impact danger areas.
Study on the law of residual deformation in mining subsidence area and its influence on the safety of ground buildings
Authors: Guilin Lv , Mingxing Lu , Aihua Ding , Junhai Gao , Rongjiu Gao , Kangshuo Du
Published: April 2023

After the mining subsidence area reaches the stable state of surface movement, due to the continuous existence of the mutual extrusion and activation state between rock strata, the movement of particles, rock creep, and soil compression will affect the surface movement in the long-term stability, thereby threatening the safety and stability of the above ground buildings. In order to study the deformation law of rock strata movement and surface displacement after the mining subsidence area is stabilized, establish a ground deformation model caused by mining, explore the characteristics of ground movement and deformation under the action of building loads, design a similar material simulation experiment, record the ground movement changes within 378 days after the mining is completed, after the settlement is stabilized, apply equivalent loads of 10–30 floors to the model at different locations, and study various surface deformation data, Analyze the change rule. In order to quantitatively analyze the impact of residual deformation of goaf on buildings under building load, the D5 gate area of Tangshan World Horticultural Exposition in mining subsidence area is taken as an example to calculate the ground settlement value and other deformation data using probability analysis method, and the Kelvin model in rock mechanics is introduced in terms of the duration of residual deformation. The calculation results are close to the actual measured values, and the impact of residual deformation on the proposed building is analyzed.
Leadership in PhD (LeaP): A longitudinal leadership skill building program for underrepresented biomedical research trainees
Authors: Doles Mali D. , Kang Ji Yun , Scholl Linda M. , Doles Jason D.
Published: April 2023

Increasing diversity in the biomedical research workforce is a critical national issue. Particularly concerning is the lack of representation at more advanced career stages/in leadership positions. While there are numerous institutional initiatives promoting professional research skills (i.e., grant writing, presenting, networking) for underrepresented (UR) PhD trainees, there are comparatively fewer opportunities for leadership development. We present a blueprint for Leadership in PhD (LeaP), a cohort-based program aiming to equip UR biomedical research trainees with skills to succeed as academic, industry, and community leaders. In contrast to intensive short-term programs or workshops, LeaP is a longitudinal 4-year experience with an blend of didactic, self-directed, and experiential learning. First year trainees receive foundational didactic instruction on core leadership concepts coupled with facilitated peer discussions and one-on-one coaching support. We outline a program evaluation framework that assesses student learning, satisfaction, and program efficacy. Evaluation data from the inaugural year is presented and discussed.
Construction and validation of a T cell proliferation regulator-related signature for predicting prognosis and immunotherapy response in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Chang Wuguang , Li Hongmu , Cheng Yixin , He Huanhuan , Ou Wei , Wang Si-Yu
Published: April 2023

Background

As the main executor of immunotherapy, T cells significantly affect the efficacy of immunotherapy. However, the contribution of the T cell proliferation regulator to the prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and immunotherapy is still unclear.

Methods

Based on T cell proliferation regulators, LUAD samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were divided into two different clusters by consensus clustering. Subsequently, the T cell proliferation regulator (TPR) signature was constructed according to the prognostic T cell proliferation regulators. Combined with clinical information, a nomogram for clinical practice was constructed. The predictive ability of the signature was verified by the additional Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset. We also analyzed the differences of tumor microenvironment (TME) in different subgroups and predicted the response to immunotherapy according to the TIDE algorithm. Finally, we further explored the role of ADA (Adenosine deaminase) in the lung adenocarcinoma cell lines through the knockdown of ADA.

Results

According to the consensus clustering, there were differences in survival and tumor microenvironment between two different molecular subtypes. T cell proliferation regulator-related signature could accurately predict the prognosis of LUAD. The low-risk group had a higher level of immune infiltration and more abundant immune-related pathways, and its response to immunotherapy was significantly better than the high-risk group (Chi-square test, p<0.0001). The knockdown of ADA inhibited proliferation, migration, and invasion in lung adenocarcinoma cell lines.

Conclusion

T cell proliferation regulators were closely related to the prognosis and tumor microenvironment of LUAD patients. And the signature could well predict the prognosis of LUAD patients and their response to immunotherapy. ADA may become a new target for the treatment of LUAD.
Climate impacts of 2009/2010 mixed-type El Niño on double ITCZs over the eastern Pacific Ocean
Authors: Chen Yinlan , Yan Li , Xu Jianjun , Zheng Shaojun , Chen Guihua , Lin Peixian
Published: April 2023

A double intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) pattern emerges over the eastern Pacific Ocean in March-April. Their inter-annual variabilities may exert major climatic and ecological effects. El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) can significantly regulate the inter-annual variability of double ITCZs. ENSO diversity has increased in recent years. A mixed-type El Niño occurred in 2009/2010. Our results reveal that the meridional SSTA pattern in mixed-type El Niño is a combination of “SST warming with a maximum at the equator” (i.e., EP-type delta SST) and “north-warm and south-cold” (i.e., CP-type delta SST) patterns. In a mixed-type El Niño, both meridional EP-type and CP-type delta SST played a role and had corresponding climate impacts. Under the coordinated modulation of EP-type and CP-type delta SST in a mixed-type El Niño, the climate effect of EP-type delta SST (increasing equatorial precipitation) is weakened; while the climate effect of CP-type delta SST (enhancing the northern ITCZ and weakening the southern ITCZ) is amplified. The climate effect of mixed-type El Niño finally resembles that of typical CP-type El Niños, intensifying the north-south asymmetry of the eastern Pacific double ITCZs. This study will contribute to a better understanding of the impacts of ENSO diversity on double ITCZs in the eastern Pacific region.
Methodological precision of in situ and in vitro algal density measurements in the model cnidarian, Exaiptasia diaphana
Authors: Bolzan Lauren R. , Roark Alison M.
Published: April 2023

In cnidarian symbiosis research, studying algal uptake, maintenance, and expulsion typically requires quantification of algal density in host tissue. Multiple methods are used to measure algal density including in vitro cell counts of holobiont homogenate and in situ cell counts of tentacle clippings. The relative precision of both types of measurement has not previously been reported for the model cnidarian Exaiptasia diaphana in the fully symbiotic state. The objective of this study was to evaluate the precision of in vitro and in situ algal density measurement protocols using light, fluorescent, and confocal microscopy and an automated cell counter. In situ algal density was quantified as algal area fraction (%) using confocal images of tentacle clippings mounted on two types of slides. In vitro algal density of holobiont homogenate was quantified as algal cells/µl of holobiont homogenate using an automated cell counter and a hemocytometer viewed using light and fluorescent microscopy. Triplicate measurements of each method for ten anemones were collected and the coefficient of variation was calculated and compared across the ten anemones within each method. The algal density measurements were equally precise when they were obtained by quantifying in vitro cell counts using a hemocytometer and when they were obtained by quantifying in situ cell counts. While both light and fluorescent microscopy yielded similar measurement precision of in vitro cell counts, use of a fluorescent microscope was more efficient and convenient than use of a light microscope, and both methods required terminal sampling. Conversely, in situ methods required more sophisticated equipment (namely a confocal microscope) but involved non-terminal sampling. An automated cell counter was ineffective for in vitro quantification of algal density, although the potential utility of this technology warrants future attempts using a more robust algal cell purification process that could include filtering homogenate prior to analysis. This study demonstrated that in vitro and in situ methods yield estimates of algal density with comparable precision, which is information that researchers can use for future studies when making decisions about methodology.
EchoAI: A deep-learning based model for classification of echinoderms in global oceans
Authors: Zhou Zhinuo , Fu Ge-Yi , Fang Yi , Yuan Ye , Shen Hong-Bin , Wang Chun-Sheng , Xu Xue-Wei , Zhou Peng , Pan Xiaoyong
Published: April 2023

Introduction

In response to the need for automated classification in global marine biological studies, deep learning is applied to image-based classification of marine echinoderms.

Methods

Images of marine echinoderms are collected and classified according to their systematic taxonomy. The images belong to 5 classes, 38 orders, 145 families, 459 genera, and 1021 species, respectively. The deep learning model, EfficientNetV2, outperforms the competing model and is chosen for developing the automated classification tool, EchoAI. Then, the EfficientNetV2-based tool, EchoAI is applied to each taxonomic level.

Results

The accuracy for the test dataset was 0.980 (class), 0.876 (order), 0.738 (family), 0.612 (genus), and 0.469 (species), respectively. Online prediction service is provided.

Discussion

The EchoAI model and results are facilitated for investigating the diversity, abundance and distribution of species at the global scale, and the methodological strategy can also be applied to image classification of other categories of marine organisms, which is of great significance for global marine studies. EchoAI is freely available at http://www.csbio.sjtu.edu.cn/bioinf/EchoAI/ for academic use.
Analysis of the relationship between the gut microbiota enterotypes and colorectal adenoma
Authors: Lv Miwei , Zhang Jiawei , Deng Jiaxin , Hu Jiancong , Zhong Qinghua , Su Mingli , Lin Dezheng , Xu Tian , Bai Xuhao , Li Juan , Guo Xuefeng
Published: April 2023

Introduction

The essence of enterotypes is to stratify the entire human gut microbiota, and dysregulation of gut microbiota is closely related to the development of colorectal adenoma. Enterotypes may therefore be a useful target for the prevention of colorectal adenoma. However, the relationship between gut microbiota and colorectal adenoma has not been fully elucidated. In this study, we aimed to analyze the differences in gut microbiome composition between adenoma and control populations.

Methods

We recruited 31 patients with colorectal adenoma and 71 non-adenoma controls. Patient demographics, risk factors, fecal samples from each subject were collected and metagenomic sequencing was performed. LEfSe analysis was used to reveal differences in intestinal microbiome composition. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to determine the association between enterotypes and colorectal adenoma.

Results

The results showed that Prevotella enterotype (enterotype 4) is only present in adenoma group. Logistic regression analysis showed that Prevotella enterotype was an independent risk factor for colorectal adenoma.

Discussion

The Prevotella enterotype may increase the occurrence of colorectal adenoma through inflammatory association and interference with glucose and lipid metabolism in human body. In conclusion, the differences we observed between different enterotypes add a new potential factor to the development of colorectal adenoma.
Case report: Bilateral damage to the immature optic radiation and secondary massive loss of retinal ganglion cells causing tunnel vision
Authors: Nilsson Maria , Lennartsson Finn , Öhnell Hanna Maria , Gränse Lotta , Jacobson Lena
Published: April 2023

We describe the case of a 30-year-old woman, who needed a formal report on her visual impairment to seek support from society. She was born preterm, and during her neonatal period, she suffered from bilateral intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) grade 3, a condition that can cause cerebral visual impairment (CVI) due to damage to the retro-geniculate visual pathways. Individuals with such brain damage of this severity are often restricted by cerebral palsy (CP) and intellectual disability, and thus have a limited ability to cooperate in the assessment of visual function. However, our patient was capable of providing reliable test results, and she manifested only a small island of central vision in each eye, with additional reduced visual acuities. She cooperated well in examinations involving MRI of the brain, optical coherence tomography (OCT) of retinal ganglion cells, and multi-focal visual evoked potentials, with each test providing information about potential limitations in the structural prerequisites for visual function. What distinguishes our case is the severity of the damage to the optic radiations and the massive secondary loss of most of her retinal ganglion cells (GCs). However, there is some measurable visual function, which may be due to developmental neuroplasticity during early development, when surviving GCs prioritize the central visual field. Despite her visual difficulties, she is a keen portrait painter. Our patient may be representative of, and a spokesperson for, other individuals with extensive brain damage of the same etiology, who are unable to perform perimetric tests and therefore run the risk of not being recognized as severely visually impaired, and consequently, not being given the best conditions for habilitation. OCT may serve as a helpful diagnostic tool.

Aim: This study aims to describe visual behavior and practical applications of visual function in relation to structural prerequisites for visual function.
Dissolution behaviors of PuO2(cr) in natural waters
Authors: Cho Hye-Ryun , Cho Sangki , Kim Jueun , Han Sangsoo , Kim Hee-Kyung , Um Wooyong
Published: April 2023

PuO2(cr) dissolution in natural water was investigated at 25°C and 60°C under atmospheric conditions. The concentration of Pu in solutions [Pu], was monitored for 1 year of reaction time. PuO2(cr) dissolution in natural water reached a steady state within 2 months at 25°C. The [Pu] in groundwater and seawater at pH 8 were in the range of [Pu] = 0.9–34 and 3.4–27 nM, respectively. The [Pu] in concrete porewater (rainwater equilibrated with concrete) at pH 8.1–10.9 was in the range of 0.1–3.2 nM. The [Pu] and pH values of groundwater were similar to those of seawater samples having a high ionic strength. The measured [Pu] at equilibrium in all samples was higher than the calculated solubility curves for PuO2(am, hyd). Experimental evidence is insufficient to confirm the oxidation state of Pu in solution and solid phases. However, the results of geochemical modeling indicate that PuO2(am, hyd) and aqueous Pu(IV) species are dominant in natural water samples of this work. The dissolution behavior of PuO2(cr) in natural waters is comparable to the oxidative dissolution of PuO2(am, hyd) in the presence of PuO2(coll, hyd). The dissolution of PuO2 in groundwater decreased at higher temperatures, whereas the influence of temperature in seawater and porewater was not significant under these experimental conditions.
Relationships of beans intake with chronic kidney disease in rural adults: A large-scale cross-sectional study
Authors: Yin Lei , Dong Xiaokang , Liao Wei , Liu Xiaotian , Zheng Zhaohui , Liu Dongwei , Wang Chongjian , Liu Zhangsuo
Published: April 2023

Background and aims

Dietary factors play an important role in the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, evidence on the relationship of beans consumption with CKD remains limited and inconclusive, especially in the middle-and low-income populations. The current study aimed to investigate the relationships of beans intake with indicators of kidney injury and CKD prevalence in rural adults.

Methods

A total of 20,733 rural adults from the Henan Rural Cohort Study in 2018–2022 were included. The total beans intake was collected using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Indicators of kidney injury and CKD was determined by the estimated glomerular filtration rate and the urinary albumin to creatinine ratio. Generalized linear regression and logistic regression models were applied to estimate the relationship of beans intake with continuous and dichotomized indicators of renal function, respectively.

Results

Of the 20,733 participants, 2,676 (12.91%) subjects were identified as CKD patients. After adjusting for potential confounders, participants in the higher quartiles of beans intake had a lower prevalence of CKD (odds ratio and 95% confidence interval, OR (95%CI); Q2: 0.968(0.866–1.082); Q3: 0.836(0.744–0.939); Q4: 0.854(0.751–0.970)) and albuminuria (Q2: 0.982(0.875–1.102); Q3: 0.846(0.750–0.954); Q4: 0.852 (0.746–0.973)), compared with the Q1. Per 50 g/day increment in beans intake was significantly associated with a 5 and 4% decreased prevalence of albuminuria and CKD, respectively. These inverse relationships were also significant in the subgroups of men, elder, and high-income participants (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

Dietary beans intake was inversely associated with the prevalence of albuminuria and CKD in rural adults, suggesting that promoting soy food intake might help reduce the occurrence of CKD in rural adults.
Correlation between magnetic resonance images of peritumor margin enhancement and prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma after drug-eluting bead transcatheter arterial chemoembolization
Authors: Kuang Donglin , Zhang Nan , Zhang Mengfan , Li Hao , Han Xinwei , Ren Jianzhuang , Duan Xuhua
Published: April 2023

Purpose

The aim of this study is to investigate the morphological characteristics and clinical significance of magnetic resonance (MR) images of peritumor margin enhancement in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after drug-eluting bead transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (DEB-TACE).

Methods

From January 2017 to December 2020, a total of 162 patients who received a diagnosis of HCC were included in our study. We began the follow-up with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for complete response assessment, and peritumor margin enhancements were classified as sharp and rough types according to morphology. During the follow-up, data such as progression or remission of the two enhancement modalities, morphological changes in terms of margin enhancements observed in MR images, and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels were recorded.

Results

In the follow-up period of 36 months, 70 and 92 patients with sharp- and rough-type peritumor margins, respectively, were observed. At the end of the follow-up, patients with sharp-type margins had lower AFP levels and longer progression-free survival than those with rough-type margins (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the sharp-type margin was thinner than the rough-type margin (all P < 0.05). Moreover, the sharp-type group had a high incidence of tumors with a diameter of < 5 cm, whereas the rough-type group had a high incidence of tumors with a diameter of ≥ 5 cm. Continuous enhancements of peritumor margins in MRI were greater in the sharp-type group than in the rough-type group. Most of the patients with a sharp-type margin achieved disease remission (94.3%, P < 0.05), whereas most of those with a rough-type margin experienced disease progression (84.8%, P < 0.05).

Conclusions

Patients with HCC with a sharp-type margin enhancement on MRI after DEB-TACE mostly demonstrated benign lesions with a good prognosis, whereas those with a rough-type margin mostly demonstrated malignant growth.
A novel potential inflammation-nutrition biomarker for predicting lymph node metastasis in clinically node-negative colon cancer
Authors: Duan Wanyao , Wang Wei , He Chiyi
Published: April 2023

Background

The purpose of this study is to investigate the predictive significance of (platelet × albumin)/lymphocyte ratio (PALR) for lymph node metastasis (LNM) in patients with clinically node-negative colon cancer (cN0 CC).

Methods

Data from 800 patients with primary CC who underwent radical surgery between March 2016 and June 2021 were reviewed. The non-linear relationship between PALR and the risk of LNM was explored using a restricted cubic spline (RCS) function while a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was developed to determine the predictive value of PALR. Patients were categorized into high- and low-PALR cohorts according to the optimum cut-off values derived from Youden’s index. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify the independent indicators of LNM. Sensitivity analysis was performed to repeat the main analyses with the quartile of PALR.

Results

A total of eligible 269 patients with primary cN0 CC were retrospectively selected. The value of the area under the ROC curve for PALR for predicting LNM was 0.607. RCS visualized the uptrend linear relationship between PALR and the risk of LNM (p-value for non-linearity > 0.05). PALR (odds ratio = 2.118, 95% confidence interval, 1.182-3.786, p = 0.011) was identified as an independent predictor of LNM in patients with cN0 CC. A nomogram incorporating PALR and other independent predictors was constructed with an internally validated concordance index of 0.637. The results of calibration plots and decision curve analysis supported a good performance ability and the sensitivity analysis further confirmed the robustness of our findings.

Conclusion

PALR has promising clinical applications for predicting LNM in patients with cN0 CC.
An interpretable machine-learning model for predicting the efficacy of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for closing hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus in preterm infants
Authors: Liu Tai-Xiang , Zheng Jin-Xin , Chen Zheng , Zhang Zi-Chen , Li Dan , Shi Li-Ping
Published: April 2023

Background

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been widely used in the closure of ductus arteriosus in premature infants. We aimed to develop and validate an interpretable machine-learning model for predicting the efficacy of NSAIDs for closing hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus (hsPDA) in preterm infants.

Methods

We assessed 182 preterm infants ≤ 30 weeks of gestational age first treated with NSAIDs to close hsPDA. According to the treatment outcome, patients were divided into a “success” group and “failure” group. Variables for analysis were demographic features, clinical features, as well as laboratory and echocardiographic parameters within 72 h before medication use. We developed the machine-learning model using random forests. Model performance was assessed by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Variable-importance and marginal-effect plots were constructed to explain the predictive model. The model was validated using an external cohort of two preterm infants who received ibuprofen (p.o.) to treat hsPDA.

Results

Eighty-three cases (45.6%) were in the success group and 99 (54.4%) in the failure group. Infants in the success group were associated with maternal chorioamnionitis (p = 0.002), multiple births (p = 0.007), gestational age at birth (p = 0.020), use of indometacin (p = 0.007), use of inotropic agents (p < 0.001), noninvasive ventilation (p = 0.001), plasma albumin level (p < 0.001), PDA size (p = 0.038) and Vmax (p = 0.013). Multivariable binary logistic regression analysis showed that maternal chorioamnionitis, multiple births, use of indomethacin, use of inotropic agents, plasma albumin level, and PDA size were independent risk factors influencing the efficacy of NSAIDs (p < 0.05). The AUC of the random forest model was 0.792. The top-three features contributing most to the model in the variable-importance plot were the plasma albumin level and platelet count 72 h before treatment and 24-h urine volume before treatment. In the external cohort, treatment succeeded in one case and failed in the other. The probabilities of success and failure predicted by the random forest model were 60.2% and 48.4%, respectively.

Conclusion

Based on clinical, laboratory, and echocardiographic features before first-time NSAIDs treatment, we constructed an interpretable machine-learning model, which has a certain reference value for predicting the closure of hsPDA in premature infants under 30 weeks of gestational age.
Formalism of the NanOx biophysical model for radiotherapy applications
Authors: Alcocer-Ávila Mario , Monini Caterina , Cunha Micaela , Testa Étienne , Beuve Michaël
Published: April 2023

Introduction: NanOx is a theoretical framework developed to predict cell survival to ionizing radiation in the context of radiotherapy. Based on statistical physics, NanOx takes the stochastic nature of radiation at different spatial scales fully into account. It extends concepts from microdosimetry to nanodosimetry, and considers as well the primary oxidative stress. This article presents in detail the general formalism behind NanOx.

Methods: Cell death induction in NanOx is modeled through two types of biological events: the local lethal events, modeled by the inactivation of nanometric sensitive targets, and the global events, represented by the toxic accumulation of oxidative stress and sublethal lesions. The model is structured into general premises and postulates, the theoretical bases compliant with radiation physics and chemistry, and into simplifications and approximations, which are required for its practical implementation.

Results: Calculations performed with NanOx showed that the energy deposited in the penumbra of ion tracks may be neglected for the low-energy ions encountered in some radiotherapy techniques, such as targeted radionuclide therapy. On the other hand, the hydroxyl radical concentration induced by ions was shown to be larger for low-LET ions and to decrease faster with time compared to photons. Starting from the general formalism of the NanOx model, an expression was derived for the cell survival to local lethal events in the track-segment approximation.

Discussion: The NanOx model combines premises of existing biophysical models with fully innovative features to consider the stochastic effects of radiation at all levels in order to estimate cell survival and the relative biological effectiveness of ions. The details about the NanOx model formalism given in this paper allow anyone to implement the model and modify it by introducing different approximations and simplifications to improve it, or even adapt it to other medical applications.
Low-frequency sound source localization and identification with spherical microphone arrays extrapolation method
Authors: Shi Shengguo , Yang Boquan , Guo Qiang , Li Ying , Gui Chenyang
Published: April 2023

Beamforming technology with spherical microphone arrays (SMAs) is often applied for localizing and identifying noise sources in airplane cabins, automobiles, and submarines. The performance of a SMA signal processing algorithm depends on its physical characteristics, especially the array aperture. The array aperture limits the frequency range of its application, and the small aperture leads to weak performance at low frequencies. In this paper, a large-aperture virtual SMA is obtained through the virtual SMA extrapolation method. Because the radius of the virtual SMA is larger than that of the actual SMA, an approximate low-frequency signal can be obtained, which may improve the localization effect of the low-frequency noise source of the SMA. Firstly, the paper introduces the extrapolation method of SMA, and through the discussion of several typical parameters such as envelope parameters, SMA aperture and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), the application scope and conditions of SMA extrapolation method are given. In addition, this paper introduces compressed sensing technology (CS) into the calculation process of virtual SMA extrapolation to improve the accuracy of virtual SMA element data. The generalized inverse beamforming (GIB) algorithm is then used to locate and identify noise sources and verify the benefits of the virtual SMA. Simulation and experimental results show that the virtual SMA can locate and identify noise sources with high spatial resolution in the low frequency range.
Triple feature extraction method based on multi-scale dispersion entropy and multi-scale permutation entropy in sound-based fault diagnosis
Authors: Zhou Nina , Wang Li
Published: April 2023

Fault of rolling bearing signal is a common problem encountered in the production of life. Identifying the fault signal helps to locate the fault location and type quickly, react to the fault in time, and reduce the losses caused by the failure in production. In order to accurately identify the fault signal, this paper presents a triple feature extraction and classification method based on multi-scale dispersion entropy (MDE) and multi-scale permutation entropy (MPE), extracts the features of the signal of rolling bearing when it is working, and uses the classification algorithm to determine whether there is a fault in the bearing and the type of fault. Scale 2 of MDE is combined with scale 1 and scale 2 of MPE as the three features required for the experiment. As a comparison of recognition results, multi-scale entropy (MSE)is introduced. Ten scales of the three entropy are calculated, and all combinations of three feature extraction are obtained. K nearest neighbor algorithm is used for three feature recognition. The result shows that the combination recognition rate proposed in this paper reaches 96.2%, which is the best among all combinations.
Dietary sodium enhances the expression of SLC4 family transporters, IRBIT, L-IRBIT, and PP1 in rat kidney: Insights into the molecular mechanism for renal sodium handling
Authors: Cai Lu , Wang Dengke , Gui Tianxiang , Wang Xiaoyu , Zhao Lingyu , Boron Walter F. , Chen Li-Ming , Liu Ying
Published: April 2023

The kidney plays a central role in maintaining the fluid and electrolyte homeostasis in the body. Bicarbonate transporters NBCn1, NBCn2, and AE2 are expressed at the basolateral membrane of the medullary thick ascending limb (mTAL). In a previous study, NBCn1, NBCn2, and AE2 are proposed to play as a regulatory pathway to decrease NaCl reabsorption in the mTAL under high salt condition. When heterologously expressed, the activity of these transporters could be stimulated by the InsP3R binding protein released with inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IRBIT), L-IRBIT (collectively the IRBITs), or protein phosphatase PP1. In the present study, we characterized by immunofluorescence the expression and localization of the IRBITs, and PP1 in rat kidney. Our data showed that the IRBITs were predominantly expressed from the mTAL through the distal renal tubules. PP1 was predominantly expressed in the TAL, but is also present in high abundance from the distal convoluted tubule through the medullary collecting duct. Western blotting analyses showed that the abundances of NBCn1, NBCn2, and AE2 as well as the IRBITs and PP1 were greatly upregulated in rat kidney by dietary sodium. Co-immunoprecipitation study provided the evidence for protein interaction between NBCn1 and L-IRBIT in rat kidney. Taken together, our data suggest that the IRBITs and PP1 play an important role in sodium handling in the kidney. We propose that the IRBITs and PP1 stimulates NBCn1, NBCn2, and AE2 in the basolateral mTAL to inhibit sodium reabsorption under high sodium condition. Our study provides important insights into understanding the molecular mechanism for the regulation of sodium homeostasis in the body.
The interaction of salinity and light regime modulates photosynthetic pigment content in edible halophytes in greenhouse and indoor farming
Authors: Fitzner Maria , Schreiner Monika , Baldermann Susanne
Published: April 2023

Given its limited land and water use and the changing climate conditions, indoor farming of halophytes has a high potential to contribute significantly to global agriculture in the future. Notably, indoor farming and classical greenhouse cultivation differ in their light regime between artificial and solar lighting, which can influence plant metabolism, but how this affects the cultivation of halophytes has not yet been investigated. To address this question, we studied the yield and content of abscisic acid, carotenoids, and chlorophylls as well as chloride of three halophyte species (Cochlearia officinalis,Atriplex hortensis, andSalicornia europaea) differing in their salt tolerance mechanisms and following four salt treatments (no salt to 600 mM of NaCl) in two light regimes (greenhouse/indoor farming). In particular, salt treatment had a strong influence on chloride accumulation which is only slightly modified by the light regime. Moreover, fresh and dry mass was influenced by the light regime and salinity. Pigments exhibited different responses to salt treatment and light regime, reflecting their differing functions in the photosynthetic apparatus. We conclude that the interaction of light regime and salt treatment modulates the content of photosynthetic pigments. Our study highlights the potential applications of the cultivation of halophytes for indoor farming and underlines that it is a promising production system, which provides food alternatives for future diets.
FaGAPC2/FaPKc2.2 and FaPEPCK reveal differential citric acid metabolism regulation in late development of strawberry fruit
Authors: Yang Min , Hou GouYan , Peng YuTing , Wang LiangXin , Liu XiaoYang , Jiang YuYan , He CaiXia , She MuSha , Zhao ManTong , Chen Qing , Li Mengyao , Zhang Yong , Lin Yuanxiu , Zhang Yunting , Wang Yan , He Wen , Wang Xiaorong , Tang Haoru , Luo Ya
Published: April 2023

Citric acid is the primary organic acid that affects the taste of strawberry fruit. Glycolysis supplies key substrates for the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA cycle). However, little is known about the regulatory mechanisms of glycolytic genes on citric acid metabolism in strawberry fruits. In this study, the citric acid content of strawberry fruit displayed a trend of rising and decreasing from the initial red stage to the full red stage and then dark red stage. Thus, a difference in citric acid metabolic regulation was suspected during strawberry fruit development. In addition, overexpression of either cytoplasm glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (FxaC_14g13400, namely FaGAPC2) or pyruvate kinase (FxaC_15g00080, namely FaPKc2.2) inhibited strawberry fruit ripening and the accumulation of citric acid, leading to a range of maturity stages from partial red to full red stage. The combined transcriptome and metabolome analysis revealed that overexpression of FaGAPC2 and FaPKc2.2 significantly suppressed the expression of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (FxaC_1g21491, namely FaPEPCK) but enhanced the content of glutamine and aspartic acid. Meanwhile, the activities of PEPCK and glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) were inhibited, but the activities of glutamine synthase (GS) were increased in FaGAPC2/FaPKc2.2-overexpressed fruit. Further, functional verification demonstrated that overexpression of FaPEPCK can promote strawberry fruit ripening, resulting in a range of maturity stage from full red to dark red stage, while the citric acid synthase (CS) activities and citric acid content were significantly decreased. Overall, this study revealed that FaGAPC2/FaPKc2.2 and FaPEPCK perform an important role in reducing citric acid content in strawberry fruit, and FaGAPC2/FaPKc2.2 mainly by promoting the GS degradation pathway and FaPEPCK mainly by inhibiting the CS synthesis pathway.
Combined QTL mapping on bi-parental immortalized heterozygous populations to detect the genetic architecture on heterosis
Authors: Huo Xuexue , Wang Jiankang , Zhang Luyan
Published: April 2023

From bi-parental pure-inbred lines (PIL), immortalized backcross (i.e., IB1 and IB2, representing the two directions of backcrossing) and F2 (i.e., IF2) populations can be developed. These populations are suitable for genetic studies on heterosis, due to the present of both homozygous and heterozygous genotypes, and in the meantime allow repeated phenotyping trials across multiple locations and years. In this study, we developed a combined approach of quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping, when some or all of the four immortalized populations (i.e., PIL, IB1, IB2, and IF2) are available. To estimate the additive and dominant effects simultaneously and accurately, suitable transformations are made on phenotypic values from different populations. When IB1 and IB2 are present, summation and subtraction are used. When IF2 and PIL are available, mid-parental values and mid-parental heterosis are used. One-dimensional genomic scanning is performed to detect the additive and dominant QTLs, based on the algorithm of inclusive composite interval mapping (ICIM). The proposed approach was applied to one IF2 population together with PIL in maize, and identified ten QTLs on ear length, showing varied degrees of dominance. Simulation studies indicated the proposed approach is similar to or better than individual population mapping by QTL detection power, false discovery rate (FDR), and estimated QTL position and effects.
Fathers’ presence and adolescents’ interpersonal relationship quality: Moderated mediation model
Authors: Li Ao , Sun Li , Fan ShiQing
Published: April 2023

Introduction

Most previous studies focused on the effects of fathers’ presence on adolescent development, but rarely examined the mechanisms underlying the presence of fathers on adolescent development. Moreover, previous studies ignored the impact of fathers’ way of being present on adolescent interpersonal relationships. Based on social identity theory, the present study introduced adolescents’ social responsibility as a mediating variable to explore the influence of father’s presence style on adolescents’ interpersonal. This study examined the mechanism of fathers’ way of being present on father’s presence, adolescents’ social responsibility, and their quality of interpersonal relationships; if fathers adopt a democratic approach to be present, the study examines whether teenagers are more likely to enhance their sense of social responsibility and achieve harmonious interpersonal relationships.

Methods

Participants were 1,942 senior high school and college students who responded to the Fatherhood Questionnaire, Social Responsibility Questionnaire, and Interpersonal Relationship Quality Diagnosis Scale. This study used PROCESS macro of SPSS 24.0 and Amos 26.0 to examine the hypotheses.

Results

Empirical results demonstrated that (a) fathers’ presence is directly and positively related to adolescents’ social responsibility, (b) fathers’ presence is indirectly and positively related to the quality of adolescents’ interpersonal relationships through social responsibility, and (c) parenting styles played a moderating role in the first half of the fathers’ presence on social responsibility and the quality of interpersonal relationships. Results demonstrated that more harmonious interpersonal relationships were present among teenagers when fathers adopted a democratic upbringing, and this interaction effect on interpersonal relationships was mediated by teenagers’ sense of social responsibility.

Discussion

The findings of this study enrich the literature by exploring the significance of emphasizing fathers’ democratic presence on teenagers’ sense of social responsibility and interpersonal relationships. The practical implications of this study are that society should encourage more fathers to be present and guide them to adopt a democratic parenting style that will benefit adolescents’ development and family well-being.
Challenges during the realization of an international research project on leishmaniasis in Colombia
Authors: Suschinel Raluca , Jaimes-Mogollón Aylen Lisset , Gutiérrez-Marín Reinaldo , Peña-Cortés Luís Carlos , Mendoza-Ibarra Jesús Alberto , Flórez-Gélvez José , Dumbravă Cătălin , Uzunof Marius , Simion Violeta Elena , Ionescu Radu
Published: April 2023

Leishmaniasis is an infectious disease that belongs to the top 10 neglected tropical diseases. It mainly affects the poor population from tropical and subtropical areas of the World, which lacks sufficient resources and means to fight against this disease. With this in mind, the European Commission has funded an international collaborative research project in which are participating various institutions from South America, North Africa and Europe. The main objective of this project is the development of a fast, less expensive, non-invasive and easy to use alternative method for leishmaniasis diagnosis in dogs, one of the main reservoirs of leishmaniasis spread to humans. In this perspective article, we present our personal insight and opinion regarding the challenges of realizing a joint international research project on leishmaniasis in Colombia, a country where leishmaniasis is endemic, as well as regarding the involvement of the Public Health institutions and the local population from this country.