bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Turán‐type problems for long cycles in random and pseudo‐random graphs
Authors: Krivelevich Michael , Kronenberg Gal , Mond Adva
Published: February 2023

We study the Turán number of long cycles in random and pseudo‐random graphs. Denote by the random variable counting the number of edges in a largest subgraph of without a copy of . We determine the asymptotic value of , where is a cycle of length , for and . The typical behaviour of depends substantially on the parity of . In particular, our results match the classical result of Woodall on the Turán number of long cycles, and can be seen as its random version, showing that the transference principle holds here as well. In fact, our techniques apply in a more general sparse pseudo‐random setting. We also prove a robustness‐type result, showing the likely existence of cycles of prescribed lengths in a random subgraph of a graph with a nearly optimal density. Finally, we also present further applications of our main tool (the Key Lemma) for proving results on Ramsey‐type problems about cycles in sparse random graphs.
Occurrence of Ranunculus sceleratus L. (Ranunculaceae) from the Nilgiri District, Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: J. Shashikanth  , S. Mugendhiran  , Verma Digvijay
Published: February 2023

Ranunculus sceleratus L. which was earlier reported from northern India, is recorded from Tamil Nadu State for the first time. The present study documents an extended distribution record for the species, and also forms additional record to the flora of Tamil Nadu State. Detailed descriptions with photographs of the species are provided.
On the occurrence of Eurasian Otter Lutra lutra (Carnivora: Mustelidae) in Neeru stream of Chenab catchment, Jammu & Kashmir, India
Authors: Singh Dinesh , Thakar Anil , Sharma Neeraj
Published: February 2023

This communication reports the first photographic record of Eurasian Otter Lutra lutra  in a hill stream in Jammu & Kashmir, putting an end to doubts over its presence in the upper Chenab catchment. Three individuals were photographed during a limited camera trap survey conducted in Neeru stream, a left bank tributary of river Chenab during mid-October 2020. We argue that rapid human population influx, infrastructure expansion, and pollution have altered the hydro morphology of Neeru stream, affecting the otter population. This observation calls for more intensive otter surveys in the nearby smaller basins of Neeru, Kalnai, & Sewa and other large tributaries of Chenab River, combining occupancy surveys with camera traps for improved conservation and management of the species in the region.
First report of the fairyfly Schizophragma mitai Triapitsyn (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) from India with notes on S. indica Rehmat & Anis
Authors: Anandhan Rameshkumar  , Anand Nazurius , Sardar Sayan , Kazmi Sarfrazul Islam
Published: February 2023

The fairyfly species Schizophragma mitai Triapitsyn is reported for the first time from the Oriental region. Since the extension of range from the Palaearctic region to the Oriental region, the species is redescribed based on the Indian material. A detailed note on S. indica Rehmat & Anis is provided with an observed variation. The illustrations and updated distribution map of both species are also included.
On the occurrence of two species of rare cyanobacterial genus Petalonema M.J.Berkeley ex Wolle, 1887 (Cyanophyceae: Nostocales: Scytonemataceae) from eastern Himalaya, India
Authors: Jai Prakash Keshri  , Koley Narendra Nath , Mal Jay
Published: February 2023

During the systematic investigation on the cyanobacterial diversity of eastern Himalaya the authors recorded two unique species of Petalonema M.J.Berkeley ex Wolle—Petalonema alatum (Borzì ex Bornet & Flahault) Wolle and Petalonema velutinum Migula—from Alipurduar & Kalimpong. The former was recorded in calcareous situations forming thick mats while the latter was recorded in subaerophytic condition on wet rocks. The former species is first record for eastern Himalaya while the latter is a first record for India.
Phylogenetic placement of Specklinia ordinata in Madisonia (Pleurothallidinae, Orchidaceae)
Authors: PONERT JAN , TRÁVNÍČEK PAVEL , CHUMOVÁ ZUZANA
Published: February 2023

Madisonia has been delimited recently based on DNA analyses and morphological characters. In this article, we focus on Specklinia ordinata (Pleurothallidinae), a poorly known species. We obtained DNA data for this taxon and demonstrated that it is clearly a member of Madisonia. This species also shares morphological characters with Madisonia, in which we propose to include it.
Benchmarking omics-based prediction of asthma development in children
Authors: Wang Xu-Wen , Wang Tong , Schaub Darius P. , Chen Can , Sun Zheng , Ke Shanlin , Hecker Julian , Maaser-Hecker Anna , Zeleznik Oana A. , Zeleznik Roman , Litonjua Augusto A. , DeMeo Dawn L. , Lasky-Su Jessica , Silverman Edwin K. , Liu Yang-Yu , Weiss Scott T.
Published: February 2023

Background

Asthma is a heterogeneous disease with high morbidity. Advancement in high-throughput multi-omics approaches has enabled the collection of molecular assessments at different layers, providing a complementary perspective of complex diseases. Numerous computational methods have been developed for the omics-based patient classification or disease outcome prediction. Yet, a systematic benchmarking of those methods using various combinations of omics data for the prediction of asthma development is still lacking.

Objective

We aimed to investigate the computational methods in disease status prediction using multi-omics data.

Method

We systematically benchmarked 18 computational methods using all the 63 combinations of six omics data (GWAS, miRNA, mRNA, microbiome, metabolome, DNA methylation) collected in The Vitamin D Antenatal Asthma Reduction Trial (VDAART) cohort. We evaluated each method using standard performance metrics for each of the 63 omics combinations.

Results

Our results indicate that overall Logistic Regression, Multi-Layer Perceptron, and MOGONET display superior performance, and the combination of transcriptional, genomic and microbiome data achieves the best prediction. Moreover, we find that including the clinical data can further improve the prediction performance for some but not all the omics combinations.

Conclusions

Specific omics combinations can reach the optimal prediction of asthma development in children. And certain computational methods showed superior performance than other methods.
The complexity of human papilloma virus in cancers: a narrative review
Authors: Sofiani Vahideh Hamidi , Veisi Parsa , Rukerd Mohammad Rezaei Zadeh , Ghazi Reza , Nakhaie Mohsen
Published: February 2023

Among human tumorigenic viruses, the role of Human papillomavirus (HPV) has been proven as one of the most important oncoviruses that are associated with a large number of cancers. Most cancers of the genital area such cervical and anal cancer as are caused by HPV, and in many other cancers, such as colorectal, gastric, liver, esophageal, urinary bladder, and head and neck cancers, it is considered as one of the important risk factors. Our search was conducted for published researches between 2000 and 2022 by using several international databases including Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science as well as Google scholar. We also evaluated additional evidence from relevant published articles. It has been demonstrated that HPV can promote tumorigenesis via focusing on genes, proteins, and signaling pathways, by using E6 and E7 oncoproteins and inhibiting two crucial tumor suppressors, P53 and Rb. The following study was performed to investigate different malignant cancers under the influence of HPV infection and changes in molecular factors caused by HPV infection.
Monitoring of pulmonary involvement in critically ill COVID-19 patients - should lung ultrasound be preferred over CT?
Authors: Lieveld Arthur W. E. , Heldeweg Micah L. A. , Schouwenburg Jasper , Veldhuis Lars , Haaksma Mark E. , van Haaften Rutger M. , Teunissen Berend P. , Smit Jasper M. , Twisk Jos , Heunks Leo , Nanayakkara Prabath W. B. , Tuinman Pieter Roel
Published: February 2023

Background

It is unclear if relevant changes in pulmonary involvement in critically ill COVID-19 patients can be reliably detected by the CT severity score (CTSS) and lung ultrasound score (LUSS), or if these changes have prognostic implications. In addition, it has been argued that adding pleural abnormalities to the LUSS could improve its prognostic value. The objective of this study was to compare LUSS and CTSS for the monitoring of COVID-19 pulmonary involvement through: first, establishing the correlation of LUSS (± pleural abnormalities) and CTSS throughout admission; second, assessing agreement and measurement error between raters for LUSS, pleural abnormalities, and CTSS; third, evaluating the association of the LUSS (± pleural abnormalities) and CTSS with mortality at different timepoints.

Methods

This is a prospective, observational study, conducted during the second COVID-19 wave at the AmsterdamUMC, location VUmc. Adult COVID-19 ICU patients were prospectively included when a CT or a 12-zone LUS was performed at admission or at weekly intervals according to local protocol. Patients were followed 90 days or until death. We calculated the: (1) Correlation of the LUSS (± pleural abnormalities) and CTSS throughout admission with mixed models; (2) Intra-class correlation coefficients (ICCs) and smallest detectable changes (SDCs) between raters; (3) Association between the LUSS (± pleural abnormalities) and CTSS with mixed models.

Results

82 consecutive patients were included. Correlation between LUSS and CTSS was 0.45 (95% CI 0.31–0.59). ICCs for LUSS, pleural abnormalities, and CTSS were 0.88 (95% CI 0.73–0.95), 0.94 (95% CI 0.90–0.96), and 0.84 (95% CI 0.65–0.93), with SDCs of 4.8, 1.4, and 3.9. The LUSS was associated with mortality in week 2, with a score difference between patients who survived or died greater than its SDC. Addition of pleural abnormalities was not beneficial. The CTSS was associated with mortality only in week 1, but with a score difference less than its SDC.

Conclusions

LUSS correlated with CTSS throughout ICU admission but performed similar or better at agreement between raters and mortality prognostication. Given the benefits of LUS over CT, it should be preferred as initial monitoring tool.
Far-reaching benefits of the consumption of conspecific eggs by neonate larvae of Harmonia axyridis (Pallas) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae): a case study on an artificial diet
Authors: Hao Ya-Nan , Li Ming-Ling , Gou Yu-Ping , Sun Yuan-Xing
Published: February 2023

Background

The consumption of conspecific eggs by neonate larvae is a common behavior in aphidophagous coccinellids. However, it is still unknown what far-reaching benefits can be brought to the artificial diet-reared cannibals and whether the age of eggs and/or ovipositing parents can affect the cannibals’ fitness. Here, the multicolored Asian ladybird beetle, Harmonia axyridis (Pallas) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) was used as a research model because it exhibits much stronger cannibalism behavior than other beetles. Nine types of eggs, varying according to parental age at oviposition and egg age per se, were respectively provided as foods for H. axyridis neonate larvae until they developed to 2nd instar. After that, the larvae were fed on an artificial diet and whether egg consumption by neonate larvae had far-reaching benefits was evaluated. Those larvae that directly fed on artificial diet since hatching were served as control.

Results

Compared with the control beetles, the cannibal beetles (with few exceptions) had significantly higher 2nd instar-adult survivals (61.1–75.7% vs. 34.3%) and greatly shortened 2nd instar-adult duration (22.7–24.6 days vs. 27.8 days). At adult emergence, the female cannibal beetles (with few exceptions) had significantly higher fresh weights than the control beetles (14.5–16.3 mg vs. 11.7 mg). Among the nine types of cannibals, non-significant difference was detected in almost all the measured developmental parameters.

Conclusion

Consumption of conspecific eggs by neonate larvae of H. axyridis had far-reaching benefits for their subsequent development on artificial diet, and neither the egg age nor parental age at oviposition affects the cannibals’ fitness. These findings provided new insights into the combined application of conspecific eggs and artificial diets in the mass rearing of coccinellids.
Relationships between social support, dark triad and life satisfaction in honorary blood donors. The mediating role of emotional support
Authors: Kosowski Paweł
Published: February 2023

Background

The psychological interest in the group of blood donors, in the perspective of worldwide research, is a valuable source of knowledge about variables that may help to attract new blood donors or to maintain the regularity of donations. So far, Polish research in this group has only investigated the state of knowledge about blood donation and has not studied specific psychological predispositions.

The aim

The aim of the presented study was to examine the relationship between the dark triad, social support and life satisfaction in a group of polish voluntary blood donors.

Material and methods

In order to measure variables of interest, the SD3 scale, the Social Support Scale, and the SWLS were used. The study included a group of 111 voluntary blood donors from different cities in Poland.

Results

The conducted analyses showed positive and significant relationships between social support (informational, material, emotional, and valuational), narcissism, and life satisfaction. Furthermore, linear regression analysis showed that social support and the dark triad explain life satisfaction in the study group by 30%. Mediation analysis showed that emotional support enhances the relationship of narcissism and life satisfaction.

Conclusions

The associations of narcissism, social support and life satisfaction can be explained through Caroll Ryff's theory of psychological well-being, according to which both subclinical narcissism and received social support can be components of a positive assessment of a person's quality of life.  The study may provide a baseline for further research in a group of voluntary blood donors - e.g. with an extension of narcissism to include its communal dimension.
Current and upcoming methods of pharmacotherapy of obesity
Authors: Bieniasz Jan , Dendys Konrad , Kazzi Marcel , Puła Michał , Wychota Marta
Published: February 2023

Introduction and purpose:

Obesity remains an urgent problem, both worldwide and in Poland. Approximately 25% of people in Poland are obese. Therefore, anti-obesity drugs are gaining clinical importance. The aim of this work is to describe new methods of pharmacotherapy of obesity and to give short description of the most promising research being

currently conducted in the topic.

Description of the state of knowledge

There are four drugs currently approved for the treatment of obesity in Poland. One of them, semaglutide is not practically available yet. While flozins probably will not be used in the therapy of obesity in patients without diabetes, there are some reseach showing their usefulness in combination with GLP-1 analogs. Tirzepatide, glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide receptor agonist, has been recently approved in the EU and seems to be an effective anti-obesity agent. New substances extending its mechanism of action and further increasing effectiveness are during research. FGF21 is a catabolic peptide hormone, showing a beneficial pleiotropic effect. Gene therapy that increases endogenous FGF21 levels is being researched. Pharmacotherapy of obesity in Poland is not financed from the general health insurance, which makes the economical aspect an important one. While inhibitors of lipid absorption and tesofensine are two drugs which had been previously classified as unsuitable for the treatment of obesity, new research show that they may be effective; along with methylphenidate these three drugs may be more accessible in financial terms.

 

Conclusions

There are many new and emerging ant-obesity agents, which will be possibly used in Poland. Tirzepatide seems to be the most promising one so far. The usefulness of new agents must be considered in terms of economic availability.
Paramedic education in Qatar as seen by academics from Turkey
Authors: Demir Songül , Tunçbilek Zahide , Naidoo Vernon , Morris Timothy , Alinier Guillaume
Published: February 2023

Prehospital emergency health services play an important role in reducing mortality and morbidity by providing the necessary medical interventions at the scene and during patient transportation to hospital. The effectiveness of prehospital health services depends greatly on having a sufficient number of an appropriately trained professional workforce and vehicles always ready to rapidly respond to any medical and trauma-related emergency. Most countries around the world have some form of prehospital system employing paramedics in the broad sense of the term, but their required level of education and resources available to them varies greatly. In this article, we will present our observations from a visit conducted in January 2020 to Hamad Medical Corporation Ambulance Service and the then called College of the North Atlantic Qatar, with a focus on paramedic education and describe how it compares to Turkey.
Through the medical lens: FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022
Authors: Alinier Guillaume
Published: February 2023

As almost 1.5 million additional people from around the globe poured into Qatar—a small country of 2.8 million inhabitants—immense planning went into being prepared for the significant influx of people and the increased pressure on prehospital healthcare services
Remoção de corante vermelho ácido em solução aquosa via processo Fenton
Authors: Linhares Helísia Pessoa , Ribeiro Jackson Anderson Sena , Sousa Emanoel Jessé Rodrigues , Lima Fábio Farias de , Buarque Hugo Leonardo de Brito , Eloi Waleska Martins , Silva Gloria Maria Marinho , Araújo Rinaldo dos Santos
Published: February 2023

Corantes se destacam como fontes potenciais de contaminação das águas superficiais e subterrâneas. Moléculas corantes são em geral muito recalcitrantes e podem produzir fortes impactos ambientais e à saúde humana. Entre as metodologias usadas no tratamento de efluentes coloridos relacionam-se os Processos Oxidativos Avançados (POA), com destaque para os sistemas fotolíticos com radiação UV, químicos com H2O2 e O3 e catalíticos (processos Fenton). No presente trabalho avaliou-se a capacidade de degradação do azo corante Vermelho Ácido usando o sistema oxidante Fenton com FeSO4.7H2O e H2O2. Os ensaios de degradação foram conduzidos a temperatura ambiente (25 oC), pH = 3,0 e agitação de 150 rpm segundo um planejamento fatorial para avaliação do efeito das variáveis de concentração inicial de corante (50 mg.L-1 a 150 mg.L-1), concentração de FeSO4.7H2O e concentração de H2O2 (ambas entre 33 mg.L-1 e 67 mg.L-1) sobre a remoção de corante. Experimentalmente foram encontradas degradações de corantes superiores a 93% para qualquer nível de H2O2 utilizado sob uma concentração de FeSO4.7H2O de 40 mg.L-1 após 60 minutos de tratamento. As condições ótimas de operação estimadas a partir da regressão dos valores de eficiência de degradação foram de 109,7 mg.L-1 de corante; 41,6 mg.L-1 de FeSO4.7H2O e 37,2 mg.L-1 de H2O2. Em geral, os resultados encontrados mostram o caráter promissor do processo Fenton na descoloração de azo corantes em meio aquoso.
Robotics: Techniques, Functions, Social Role Part 2. Current Capabilities of Robots
Authors: Zieliński Cezary
Published: February 2023

In order to assess the impact of robots on society, it is necessary to carefully analyze the state-of-the-art, and in particular the fundamental issues that have yet to be resolved, however having significant impact on the potential societal changes resulting from the development of robotics. The aforementioned impact depends on the level of intelligence of robots, so this aspect dominates in the presented analysis. The presentation has been divided into three parts: 1) analysis of technical factors affecting the intelligence and security of robots, 2) analysis of current capabilities of robots, 3) analysis of diverse predictions of how robotics will evolve, and thus the attitudes towards the influence of the result of this development on society. This part of the paper is devoted to the second of the above mentioned three issues.
Making Use of Mathematical Models for Preparation and Verification of Automatically Controlled, Manoeuvres Carried Out to Avoid Moving Obstacles
Authors: Graffstein Jerzy
Published: February 2023

A relevant identification of significant factors affecting the process of anti collision manoeuvre computation in case of moving obstacles, is necessary for getting results reliable enough and describing a proposed trajectory of such a manoeuvre as well as its realisation. The requirement for the appropriate separation, the airplane to obstacle distance, is treated as the relevant index for verification of the course of passing by manoeuvre. Subject matter of this work is the appropriate selection of mathematical models for the subsequent phases of preparation of flight trajectory passing by the obstacles. The impact of selected simplifications of mathematical model on the shape of flight trajectory and the distance between the airplane and obstacles have been studied. Considerations have been illustrated by the results of selected computer simulations of an airplane while carrying out an obstacle avoiding manoeuvre.
A Prototype of a Cascade Ship Autopilot Implemented in the CPDev Environment
Authors: Świder Zbigniew
Published: February 2023

Ship autopilots can be divided into conventional, only capable of maintaining a given heading, and advanced, which can additionally follow a „track” connecting the given navigation points along the ship’s route. The article presents the structure of the prototype autopilot of the ship implemented in the CPDev environment and the formulas allowing to determine the settings of the course controller (PID) and track controller (PI) in the cascade control. For each of them, individual design parameters were adopted to define the dynamics of the closed control loop. These rules were applied in the software of the autopilot prototype, created in cooperation with a Dutch company designing control and visualization systems for ships.
Measurement of Energy Consumption During a Thermal Drilling Cycle
Authors: Błaszczak Paweł , Stryczek Roman
Published: February 2023

The work presents the issue of measuring and analyzing energy consumption during a thermal drilling cycle. A research stand based on a CNC lathe was presented, the equipment of which was an experimental energy consumption system based on an electricity meter and a force gauge. The measuring devices used allowed for recording the load on the power grid, the load on the machine tool drives, the axial force, the drill braking torque, the current rotation of the machine tool spindle, the position of the drill in relation to the workpiece and the values of auxiliary parameter registers in the strategy of adaptive feed control. Two cases of a drilling cycle were considered: making a single hole and making a series of holes in one cycle. Five feed control strategies were tested during the drilling cycle, including adaptive feed control and a recursive feed optimization method. For comparison, holes were also made with traditional HSS twist drills. Based on the obtained test results, it can be concluded that the friction drilling method can be included in the energy-saving methods of making holes in thin-walled elements.
Shelf life and quality of banana cultivar Nendran as influenced by shrink–wrap packaging and storage temperature
Authors: Gomez Saji , Ann Paul Ardhra , Kiribhaga Sarthak , Joseph Meagle
Published: February 2023

Banana is the most widely cultivated fruit crop in Kerala. Nendran, a dual purpose cultivar is grown for consumption as vegetable in the unripe stage and also as fruit, upon ripening. An experiment was conducted during 2019-20 to extend the shelf life of this fruit through shrink wrapping, followed by storage under ambient and cool chamber conditions, after sanitizing with chlorine (100 ppm) followed by treatment with alum (1 %) and subsequently dipping in the fungicide, Carbendazim 50 WP (0.1 %). Initial titratable acidity and ascorbic acid contents of Nendran banana were 0.16 % and 6.06 mg 100g-1 respectively. Total phenols and starch content of freshly harvested green Nendran banana were 145 mg 100g-1 and 84.0 % respectively. Shelf life of shrink wrapped fruits held in cool chamber could be extended to 45 days whereas the unwrapped fruits under ambient storage (control) became unmarketable after 7 days. The findings of the study revealed that physiological loss in weight and rate of respiration recorded an upward trend during storage while fruit firmness recorded a downward trend. Total soluble solids, titratable acidity and ascorbic acid rose with advancement of storage duration whereas total phenols and starch content declined. . The developed protocol could be used for long distance transportation to distant markets for internal trade as well as for shipment to foreign markets.
L’imaginaire de l’imposture
Authors: ABADA MEDJO Jean Claude
Published: February 2023

Cocteau, Gary et Khadra privilégient une esthétique de renversement, dans laquelle l’imposture se donne à lire comme une catégorie fréquentative susceptible d’une herméneutique. A partir d’exemplifications tirées de la vie et de l’œuvre de ces trois auteurs, la présente contribution série les différents visages de l’imposture par lesquels la fiction se donne comme modalité d’accès à la connaissance du monde et de modélisation de la réalité. Ces auteurs textualisent les mystifications identitaires et littéraires dans la double finalité de la dénoncer et d’en user pour faire croire, et d’échapper ainsi à la censure.
On church singing in the Fedoseevtsy collection Paternal Testaments. Article I
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Mikheeva Anna A.
Published: February 2023

For the first time, the article examines the chapter “On Church Singing” from Paternal Testaments, the collection of Fedoseevtsy Old Believers, which was compiled in their ideological center, Moscow Preobrazhenskoe Cemetery, to approve the rules that determined the life of Fedoseevtsy communities in the 19th century. As for church singing, the choir of the Moscow Fedoseevtsy Preobrazhenskaya community was considered exemplary among the Bespopovtsy [Priestless Old Believers] at the beginning of the 19th century. The chapter “On Church Singing” was included in the collection as a result of the appeal of regional communities to Moscow mentors for clarifications regarding liturgical practice, which makes it possible to find out what issues in this area disturbed the Old Believers. The essay was included in the final version of Paternal Testaments as one of the additional 15 chapters selected for inclusion in the book between 1805 and 1809. The chapter’s author is unknown, as well as the exact date of its creation: its writing can be confidently attributed to the second half of the 18th century. In the collection, “On Church Singing” follows at number 49 and is divided into 15 articles. Justifying the canonicity (or non-canonicity) of a particular tradition, about which, apparently, the question was asked, the author of the essay refers to a decent list of sources (ancient, Old Believer and New Believer) quoting some of them. This article examines all of these references. According to the text of the document, the teachers of the Preobrazhenskaya community approved the Old Znamenny Chant, including Stolpovoy, Demestvenny and Three Line chants, as canonical. As it appears, the Three Line singing appeared in this list only as a quote from the Stepennaya Kniga [Book of Generations], it was hardly practiced in reality. Such a widespread kind of hook singing as the Putevoy chant is not mentioned in the essay. This is possibly due to the fact that it did not raise questions, in contrast to, as it appears, the less common Demestvenny chant, to which the author of the chapter “On Church Singing” pays special attention. The texts of the chants were admitted strictly in the razdelnorechnaya edition (half of the chapter is dedicated to this question since there are a number of polemical writings and resolutions of Old Believer councils about it). As it appears, regional communities were troubled by some Greek elements in liturgical chant. The author of the chapter proves the canonicity of these elements’ use - anenaiki (special additional syllables), prayers in Greek and Svyatogorski (Athos) edition of the Theotokos hymn “It is Truly Meet”. This is the range of questions that the regional communities addressed to the Preobrazhenskoye Cemetery, and what was enshrined as a canon.
Soviet editing in the 1970s (On the example of Uladzimer Karatkievich’s Christ Landed in Grodno: The Gospel of Judas)
Authors:   Belarusian State University, Zhauniarovich Piotr P.
Published: February 2023

Branches of editing (field of scientific knowledge and a sphere of practical activity) in the 1970s were often in the state of contradiction. On the one hand, freedom of the author’s expression and the editors’ careful attitude to authors’ manuscripts were claimed; on the other hand, publishing saw numerous facts of intervention of ideological party bodies and censorship: without their approval no book could be published. To reveal the degree of intervention into a literary text, the author compares two (1972 and 1980) editions, with preserved typewriting, of the novel Christ Landed in Grodno: The Gospel of Judas by the Belarusian writer Uladzimer Karatkievich. He analyzes the reasons for deleting separate fragments, erasing and replacing words and parts of sentences, and suggests the possible motivation for the editors’ activities. The author pays attention to the novel’s complexity for editorial analysis, to the necessity of reference to the texts of the Holy Bible and different reference materials on religious history when editing. The research revealed numerous corrections. The main reason for deleting separate fragments was the revealing of the author’s position, which was extrapolated on the Soviet society and did not correspond to the formation of Marxist-Leninist ideology with its expressive atheistic orientation. Editors often showed arbitrariness and leveled the author’s style, destroyed the author’s intention, and groundlessly replaced words and expressions uncomfortable for them. The author found differences in the editions of 1972 and 1980. They testify to the lack of the editors’ professionalism. The author mentions the fact that Karatkievich’s novel became a phenomenon in the Belarusian literature of the second half of the 20th century, and it was only in 2015 that the original text of the novel was published in the Republic of Belarus. The research proves that all the writer’s heritage published in Soviet times needs a rigorous study, including comparison of manuscripts and typescripts (if available), and the publishing of the heritage in the author’s edition. This will entail the need for new translations which will acquaint foreign readers with Karatkievich’s original texts.
The world market of digital educational editions: Development prospects
Authors:   Tomsk State University, Bal Vera Yu. , Skidan Polina B. ,   Tomsk State University
Published: February 2023

The article discusses the changes in the educational publications market under the influence of digital transformation. Expansion of the diversity of digital devices, changes in the needs of the target audience, and the development of new educational practices contribute to the emergence and growth of new niches in the global market of educational publications. The study of the market of digital educational products in different countries shows that many factors influence the level of its development. These factors are the government policy, the level of IT technology in the country, and the competitive environment in this niche in the market of a particular country. Moreover, the quality of the competitive environment and the interest of technology companies have a greater impact than the government policy. Two strategies for the production of electronic educational products in the modern world market stand out and are illustrated by examples: publishing isolationism and production tandems with technology companies. A classification of three models of electronic textbooks is proposed based on the analysis of educational publications in the natural sciences representing countries with emerging markets for electronic textbooks: the United States, Russia, and Finland. The first model is the presentation of electronic textbooks in PDF format. Textbooks in this version are the original mockup of a printed textbook. The second model is based on the printed form of the textbook, distributed in EPUB 3 format through the publisher’s own publishing software or affiliate applications. Multimedia and interactive materials in such textbooks are not mandatory, but complementary, and they are included in the textbook via pop-ups. The third model is a publication that was originally created only in electronic format. Often, such textbooks are components of a digital educational environment that provides electronic exchange of tasks, collective performance of laboratory works, interdisciplinary connection of educational material in various disciplines, etc. The study of the most relevant and innovative offers on the market of such countries as the USA, the UK, Spain, Denmark, Russia, and Finland shows four promising areas in the preparation of textbooks in the EdTech field. These are (1) artificial intelligence manuals, (2) tools of virtual, augmented, and mixed reality, (3) computer games with educational potential, and (4) programming platforms. Contribution of the authors: the authors contributed equally to this article. The authors declare no conflicts of interests.
Oriental sketches by Mikhail Lermontov from the Notebook Presented by Vladimir Odoyevsky: The history of the text and semantic architectonics
Authors:   Moscow Region State University, Kiseleva Irina A. , Potashova Ksenia A. ,   Moscow Region State University
Published: February 2023

The aim and objectives of the study are determined by the need to reconstruct an authentic text, whose reception allows clarifying the specifics of Lermontov’s ethnographism and psychologism when creating an artistic image in the “Oriental” sketches “Correcting with a Lily Hand ...” and “On a Cloak Under the Shade of a Plane Tree ...”. The specific toolkit for analysis is the use of the primary source: its description and the compilation of a diplomatic transcription. The theoretical and methodological basis is textual, structural-semantic and cultural-historical approaches to the study of a literary text. All publications of texts are sequentially considered: from the first edition by A.A. Kraevsky in Otechestvennye zapista to the academic edition of 2014. As a result of the study, the authors have found that in all editions of the sketches there are discrepancies with autographs. In a number of cases, editorial corrections were justified, since they were associated with bringing the text to the linguistic standard, deviations from which Lermontov allowed due to the draft nature of the texts. The authors explain the swap of verses, the reasons for correcting proper names in Lermontov’s autographs; reveal incorrect publishing corrections that weaken the artistic impact of the text and belittle the skill of Lermontov as a psychologist and his ethnographic awareness; outline the role of exotic Oriental vocabulary and its changes: to recreate the Oriental color as conditioned by socio-cultural and psychological aspects. The authors propose a reasoned reconstruction of the authentic text of the sketches, which are presented as a single concept. The authors prove that the sketches are characterized by stylistic unity and are in line with Lermontov’s “Oriental” text as a whole. Their structural and conceptual study confirms that Lermontov’s works of 1841 are characterized by a synthesis of romantic and realistic principles of depiction with the priority of the realistic method. The authors draw conclusions about the aesthetic principles of Lermontov’s depiction of an “Oriental” person - about the peculiarities of characters’ individualization and typology, and determine ways of explicating the Oriental flavor. The authors show that Lermontov’s ethnographic observations concentrate on the “Oriental” topos and are characterized by accuracy, deep immersion in Caucasian ethnopsychology. The systematic analysis and the results of the reconstruction of the sketches “Correcting with a Lily Hand ...” and “On a Cloak Under the Shade of a Plane Tree ...” give grounds to speak about their importance for drawing up an integral idea of Lermontov’s creative process, including due to the small number of his draft autographs. The authors declare no conflicts of interests.
The reader-character in Yuri Felzen’s novel Letters about Lermontov
Authors:   Tomsk State University (Tomsk, Russian Federation), Nazarenko Ivan I.
Published: February 2023

The article examines the plot of reading and interpreting Mikhail Lermontov’s works by the reader-character of the novel Letters about Lermontov (1935) by Yuri Felzen, a writer of the younger generation of Russian emigration. The love conflict of the central character (he is the narrator, the author of letters to his beloved who left him) is overcome by the act of writing and the departure into the world of culture, the value center of which for him is Lermontov. Strategies for reading Lermontov by a writing character are close to the biographical method - no separation of the writer’s life and work, identification of the author with his hero (Pechorin, Demon, poetic lyrical hero). The purpose of learning Lermontov’s personality through his works (diaries, poetry, poems, the novel Hero of Our Time, etc.) is to find an existential landmark (perseverance and courage before the blows of fate) and an aesthetic principle (patience and sincerity in creative work). In self-identification with Lermontov-Pechorin, an act of self-knowledge, recognition of inconsistency with the ideal, and behavioral self-correction take place. The second line of letters about Lermontov is the formulation of the essence of literary creativity, the author’s version of the history of Russian literature and its fate in the modern world. According to the character of the novel, classical literature in the twentieth century becomes incomprehensible and unable to agitate, but, dying, it conveys its artistic discoveries to modern literature, which means that art continues to develop. Lermontov is the connecting link: he is a writer of the 19th century, but his works remain modern, because they were ahead of their time. Lermontov, according to the narrator-character, stands above Pushkin, he is the forerunner of Tolstoy and Proust, i.e., the literature of modernism that is capable of showing an incomplete world and a contradictory person, to which the central character of the novel aspires. Art in the author’s concept, as exemplified by Lermontov, is an act of self-knowledge necessary for the artist himself, but allowing one to go from observing about oneself to generalizing about human nature. Reading is the cognition of the Other and their way of being, it is approaching to the understanding of reality; reading is also the threshold for creating a text, one’s own way of being, built in dialogue with world literature. Felzen’s article “Lermontov in Russian Literature” (1938) is not development, but a concentrate of novel ideas. In critical discourse, Felzen evaluates Lermontov less categorically: he is equal to Pushkin in the sense of proportion, freedom from politics and religion. Felzen concludes: after the death of Lermontov, Russian literature was not free from the power of political and religious ideas (Gogol, Tyutchev, Tolstoy, Dostoevsky). The author declares no conflicts of interests.
The Petersburg text in Vospominaniya by Mstislav Dobuzhinsky
Authors:   Tomsk State University (Tomsk, Russian Federation), Galkova Alyona V.
Published: February 2023

Mstislav Dobuzhinsky (1875-1957) was one of the members of the artistic movement Mir Iskusstva, a cityscape painter, book illustrator, scene designer, and also wrote memoirs. He had been writing his Vospominaniya [Recollections] for over 30 years, from the mid-1920s to his death in 1957. Emigration, home-sickness, author’s intention to relive the foretime stipulate the specificity of the text’s chronotope, which is mainly related to Petersburg. Dobuzhinsky idealized the image of Petersburg in Vospominaniya. I determine the specificity of Petersburg’s chronotope and describe the interconnections between the delineation of Petersburg and its verbal image in the text. The theme of depicting Petersburg highlights Dobuzhinsky’s artworks. Dobuzhinsky perceived Petersburg as a piece of art and focused on his own visual interpretation of the city. His attitude to Petersburg metamorphosed with the autobiographic main character’s acquisition of new art techniques and artistic devices from works of Alexandre Benois and E. T. A. Hoffmann. Petersburg’s chronotope is multifaceted in the text: it is a real historical cityscape, a happy childhood time, an object of visual art of the autobiographic main character, and also a space of author mystification. The main character perceives Petersburg and the Petersburg text through the prism of works of Alexander Pushkin and Fyodor Dostoevsky. The city becomes the author’s ideal. It is the space that combines the features of the beautiful and the ugly, which determined the antinomy of the Petersburg text. Petersburg is fantastic, it has an infernal theme, an evil principle inherent in the city: in inclement weather, the main character had nightmares in the streets and petty demons coming out of the cracks. The narrator recognizes the city as an inspired creature hostile to man, the main character himself is confronted with a peculiar manifestation of Petersburg’s metaphysical fear. In the narration, Petersburg reflected the various features inherent in the image of the city in Dobuzhinsky’s artworks with their aestheticism, tragedy, lyricism, irony, philosophy, and sentimentality. Petersburg in Vospominaniya concentrates different real and unreal meanings. The autobiographic main character teeters on the brink of his historical real-life time and space and unreal time and space created by literature texts and pieces of visual art that compensate the need for comprehending the city’s soul. Petersburg in the text is a complex ambivalent space, saturated with cultural codes, reflected by the cognizing consciousness that acts systematically and transforms the main character’s inner world. The theme of depicting Petersburg allows the author-narrator to reveal the general approach to his pictorial art, rethink some aspects of artistic activity, and verbalize the visual representation of the city. The author declares no conflicts of interests.
“The poet’s inimitable breath”: The word in the practice of creating an artist’s book by Mikhail Pogarsky
Authors:   Voronezh State University, Frolova Anna V.
Published: February 2023

In contemporary Russian book culture, a special place belongs to such a phenomenon as the artist’s book. Having a long history of development, at the beginning of the 21st century, it is often correlated with the idea of overcoming the postmodernist mentality. The most characteristic example of this kind is the theoretical and practical study of the artist’s book by Mikhail Pogarsky. In the Phenomenon of Artist's Book (2013, 2014) and the Artist's Book [+] (2015), Pogarsky makes an attempt to fit the artist’s book into the modern cultural paradigm. He thinks of the artist’s book as a manifestation of a new artistic worldview, “artlibria”, which is characterized by a complex multilevel perception and transformation of reality. The artist’s book by Pogarsky corresponds to the idea of “total synthesis”: it integrates the old and the new, the verbal and the visual, the virtual and the real, fulfilling the main goal of the worldview - overcoming chaos and “assembling the world”. By connecting word and image, the artist opens up limitless opportunities for creative self-expression and includes the viewer-reader in the active process of unraveling and creating meanings. The artist’s book is characterized by a change in the status of the text, a rethinking of the correlation between the verbal and the visual. The text becomes a source of creative metamorphosis, predetermines the selection of visual objects. The idea of the artist’s book is embodied by both literary means and signs of culture. Important is its visual solution; spaces selected for the demonstration of such a book can also actualize additional meanings. Pogarsky’s works demonstrate different ways of incorporating text into the artist’s book, allowing us to speak about the principal absence of a correlation, set once and for all, between the verbal and the visual. The book The Element and the Wind (1996) embodies the principle of superposition of meanings, the correlation of different sides of artistic reception, which is characteristic of the artist’s book. In Pogarsky’s practice, the principle of the so-called “moment-form” becomes a notable method of including text in the artist’s book. This principle is realized in the book Labyrinths of Dreams (2000) and is reduced to a refusal of the set sequence of fragments of the text, and for the reader-viewer the sequence will also be casual. This open nature of the artist’s book makes it a way of an autonomous statement, offering a special artistic optics, combining verbal and object-visual planes. The viewer-reader is included not only in the process of unraveling the artist’s book, but also in the wide semantic field of culture. The author declares no conflicts of interests.