bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of clinical outcomes of implantable collamer lens versus femtosecondlaser in situ keratomileusis and small incision lenticule extraction for moderate-to-high myopia and myopic astigmatism correction
Authors: Tran Yen Hai , Tran Huy Dinh Minh , Tran Ly Thi-Hai , Nguyen Dung Thi Mong , Le Chuong Nguyen Thao , Bui Thanh Cong
Published: April 2021

Purpose: To compare safety, efficacy, stability, and predictability of implantable collamer lens (ICL) with femtosecond-laser in situ keratomileusis (FS-LASIK) or small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) for the correction of moderate-to-high myopia/myopic astigmatism.

Study design: We retrospectively collected data from patients with moderate-to-high myopia/myopic astigmatism (spherical equivalent [SE] ≥ −3.00 diopters [D]) who underwent ICL (48 eyes), FS-LASIK (36 eyes), or SMILE (86 eyes) at Hai Yen Eye Center from October 2016 to February 2018.

Materials and methods: The Wilcoxon Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare pre- and postoperative patients’ characteristics of ICL with SMILE or FS-LASIK. Generalized linear models with unstructured correlation matrix and robust standard errors were used to analyze efficacy and safety indices; logistic regression was used for cylinder predictability.

Results: After controlling for age, preoperative SE, and preoperative corrected distance visual acuity (pCDVA), SMILE had significantly lower safety indices (Coefficient = −0.04, 95% CI = −0.07–−0.01) and efficacy indices (Coefficient = −0.10, 95% CI = −0.20–−0.01) than did ICL, while FS-LASIK was not significantly different from ICL (Coefficient = −0.02, 95% CI = −0.06–0.02 and Coefficient = −0.01, 95% CI= −0.10–0.09, respectively). ICL SEswere stable over 12 months after surgery. However, in FS-LASIK and SMILE, SEs significantly decreased at 12 months compared with 6 months after surgery. The percentage of eyes that underwent FS-LASIK and had target SEs within ±0.5 D at 12 months was significantly lower than those that underwent ICL (OR = 0.14, 95% CI = 0.02–0.85), after controlling for age, preoperative SE, and pCDVA.

Conclusion: For the correction of moderate-to-high myopia/myopic astigmatism, ICL seems to perform better than SMILE and FS-LASIK.
Primer registro de Barybas idiota Bates, 1887 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae: Macrodactylini) en Panamá
Authors: Barria Manuel D. , Quirós Dora Isabel , Emmen Daniel
Published: April 2021

Se presenta el primer registro de Barybas idiota en Panamá a partir de especímenes recolectados en la localidad de Los Caobos, Chilibre, Provincia de Panamá, Panamá. Se proveen ilustraciones del órgano genital masculino y fotografías de los adultos macho y hembra.
Cocoon morphology of Bicyrtes variegatus (Oliver, 1789) (Hymenoptera: Crabronidae), with notes on habitat and biological interactions
Authors: Buys Sandor Christiano , Trad Bhrenno Maykon
Published: April 2021

A morphological study on the cocoon of Bicyrtes variegatus (Oliver, 1789) is presented based on specimens collected in Center-West Brazil. Notes on nesting habitat is provided. Euschistus heros (Fabricius, 1798) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) is recorded as prey, and Traumatomutilla ocellaris (Klug, 1821) (Hymenoptera: Mutillidae) as parasitoid.
Picking Over the Bones: Amalie Dietrich and Colonial Queensland
Authors: Evans Raymond
Published: April 2021

Comment on Stefanie Affeldt and Wulf D. Hund: "From ‘Plant Hunter’ to ‘Tomb Raider’. The Changing Image of Amalie Dietrich"
Novas formas de aprender e ensinar
Authors: Machado Carla Jorge , Oliveira Graziella Lage
Published: April 2021

Resenha do livro Educação a Distância: meios, atores e processos.

Informações sobre o livro:Organizadores: Fidalgo e colaboradores (orgs.)362 páginasEditora CAED-UFMG, Belo HorizonteISBN: 9788564724464At
CRISPR/Cas mediated genome-editing for rice improvement
Authors: Devanna BN , A Molla Kutubuddin , Parameswaran C , Katara Jawahar Lal , Kumar A , Panda RS , Kishor J , Bandita S , Cayalvizhi B , Samantaray Sanghamitra
Published: April 2021

Rice is one of the important food crops, feeding more than 50% of the global population. The climate change is adversely affecting the rice production across the rice growing regions. The major challenges posing threat to the world rice production are various biotic and abiotic stresses. Rice is grown and consumed largely by the developing countries, and most part of the population in these regions are undernourished with unbalanced and comparatively low nutritional food. Therefore, it is of utmost importance to develop rice varieties for higher nutritional value with attributes for better adaptability to various stresses. In the present review, we have discussed about the different CRISPR/Cas genome editing tools, and their applications for biotic and abiotic stress tolerance, yield and also for grain and nutritional quality improvement in rice.
Climate resilient rice production system: Natural resources management approach
Authors: Shahid Mohammad , Munda Sushmita , Khanam Rubina , Chatterjee Dibyendu , Kumar Upendra , Satapathy BS , Mohanty S , Bhaduri D , Tripathi R , Nayak PK , Nayak AK
Published: April 2021

Climate change is widely recognized as one of the most pressing issues confronting humanity today. It is considered to be a direct threat to our food production system including rice. Climate change affects rice production in various ways. The variability in temperature and precipitation increases, predictability of seasonal weather patterns reduces and the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events such as droughts, floods and cyclones increases. In India, the effect of natural disasters on agriculture, including disasters caused by climate change has been gradually growing. It is believed that during the mid and end century India's future rice production is projected to reduced by 2.5 to 5% from the current level. As there is less scope for rice area to grow in the future, any growth in rice production will have to come only from productivity gains. Since climate change is a continuous process, the rice production system requires specific adaptation strategies to prevent rice yield losses and its variability. Therefore, it's critical to understand how climate change affects rice crop and to follow better production practises including crop establishment methods, water management, weed management, nutrient management and microbial resources utilization that make cropping systems more resilient to extreme weather events. The spread of climate resilient production technologies would benefit rice production systems' resilience.
Effects of craniosacral therapy and sensorimotor training on pain, disability, depression and quality of life of patients with nonspecific chronic low back pain: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Ghasemi Cobra , Amiri Ali , Sarrafzadeh Javad , Dadgoo Mehdi
Published: April 2021

Background: Craniosacral therapy (CST) and sensorimotor training (SMT) are two recommended interventions for nonspecific chronic low back pain (NCLBP). This study compares the effects of CST and SMT on pain, functional disability, depression and quality of life in patients with NCLBP.

Methodology: A total of 31 patients with NCLBP were randomly assigned to the CST group (n=16) and SMT (n=15). The study patients received 10 sessions of interventions during 5 weeks. Visual analogue scale (VAS), Oswestry disability index (ODI), Beck depression inventory-II (BDI-II), and Short Form-36 (SF-36) questionnaires were used at baseline (before the treatment), after the treatment, and 2 months after the last intervention session. Results were compared and analyzed statistically.

Results: Both groups showed significant improvement from baseline to after treatment (p < 0.05). In the CST group, this improvement continued during the follow-up period in all outcomes (p < 0.05), except role emotional domain of SF-36. In the SMT group, VAS, ODI and BDI-II increased during follow-up. Also, all domains of SF-36 decreased over this period. Results of group analysis indicate a significant difference between groups at the end of treatment phase (p < 0.05), except social functioning.

Conclusions: Results of our research confirm that 10 sessions of craniosacral therapy (CST) or sensorimotor training (SMT) can significantly control pain, disability, depression, and quality of life in patients with NCLBP; but the efficacy of CST is significantly better than SMT.

Key words: Craniosacral therapy; Sensorimotor training; Nonspecific chronic low back pain; Quality of life

Citation: Ghasemi C, Amiri A, Sarrafzadeh J, Dadgoo M. Effects of craniosacral therapy and sensorimotor training on pain, disability, depression and quality of life of patients with nonspecific chronic low back pain: a randomized clinical trial. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2021;25(2):189-198. DOI: 10.35975/apic.v25i2.1458

Abbreviations: CST=Craniosacral therapy; SMT=Sensorimotor training; NCLBP=Nonspecific chronic low back pain; VAS=Visual analogue scale; ODI=Oswestry disability index, BDI-II=Beck depression inventory-II, and SF-36=Short Form-36; CSF=cerebral spinal fluid; CSS=craniosacral system; PRM=primary respiratory movements

Received: 27 June 2020, Reviewed: 24 July 2020, Accepted: 27 July 2020
Quantitative biofilm for bacterial pathogens of ventilator-associated pneumonia
Authors: Dewi Fitri Hapsari , . Suradi , Purwanto Bambang , Wasita Brian
Published: April 2021

Background & Objective: Ventilator–associated pneumonia (VAP) is one of the most common nosocomial infections in clinical care settings. Several bacteria with biofilm–producing ability offer serious challenge in their eradication. Prompt and accurate diagnosis is needed to provide the best care for the patients. This study aimed to analyze whether biofilm examination using quantitative method can be used as a diagnostic tool for bacterial pathogens associated with VAP.

Methodology: This observational analytical study was conducted in Intensive Care Units of three teaching hospitals in Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia, from November 2019 to April 2020. The subjects were between 19 and 65 y old, with a newly introduced endotracheal tube (ETT) connected to mechanical ventilators, and without pneumonia. Biofilm quantitative measurement used a microtiter plate method from bacterial culture found on ETT at the 48th hour after being mechanically ventilated. The Clinical Pulmonary Infection Score (CPIS) assessment was done at the 48th hour and CPIS of less than 6 was defined as VAP. The analysis used Spearman’s rank and Kendall tau–b correlation. The samples were taken using a consecutive sampling technique. 

Results:  A significant correlation between biofilm and VAP was found (ρ = 0.039, p < 0.05). Biofilm was also sufficiently correlated with an increase in CPIS (τb = 0.341, p < 0.05)

Conclusions: Quantitative biofilm can be used as a diagnostic tool for establishing the diagnosis of VAP so that appropriate therapy can be administered immediately.

Key words: Bacterial pathogen; Biofilm; Ventilator–associated pneumonia

Abbreviations: CPIS: Clinical Pulmonary Infection Score; VAP: Ventilator–associated pneumonia; ETT: Endotracheal tube; PCR: Polymerase chain reaction; OD: Optical density

Citation: Dewi FH, Suradi, Purwanto B, Wasita B. Quantitative biofilm for bacterial pathogens of ventilator-associated pneumonia. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2021;25(2):132-137. DOI: 10.35975/apic.v25i2.1468

Received: 24 September 2020, Reviewed: 27, 30 October 2020, Accepted: 3 March 2021
Teamwork in chronic pain management and the way forward in low and middle-income countries
Authors: Siddiqui Ali Sarfraz , Bashir Usman
Published: April 2021

Assessment and management of patients with chronic pain is a challenging task due to its complex multidimensional nature and biopsychosocial impact. It requires a collaborative effort by an interdisciplinary team. Evidence showed that in low and middle-income countries (LMICs), 33% patients among general adult population, and 56% of general elderly population, suffer from chronic painful conditions.  Women are more likely to report chronic pain than men. In this narrative review, we attempted to search published literature to know the status of assessment and management of patients with chronic pain in low resource countries and to know the most appropriate chronic pain management strategies used in developed countries. We used broad electronic database (January 2010- December 2020) through common search engines.

Lack of trained pain physicians and staffs, lack of interest, empathy and lack of integrated multidisciplinary approach are some of the barriers to achieve teamwork in chronic pain management. Authors strongly recommend the need of further research in this area, improvement in training programs for physicians and nursing staff for proper pain assessment and management of patients with chronic pain in low resource countries.

Key words: Chronic pain management; Teamwork; Low resource; Multidisciplinary team; Interdisciplinary approach; Low and middle-income countries

Citation: Siddiqui AS, Usman B. Teamwork in chronic pain management and the way forward in low and middle-income countries. Anaesth pain intensive care 2021;25(2):229-235. DOI: 10.35975/apic.v25i2.1477

Received: 18 January 2021, Reviewed: 20 January, 10 February 2021, Accepted: 9 March 2021
PULP STONES: A REVIEW
Authors: Shukla Eva , Nagaraja Shruthi
Published: April 2021

Pulp stones are seen to be a fairly common nding in most routine radiographs but they have been given relatively less attention in research as well
as textbooks. New investigations have been done in abundance when it comes to their prevalence as well as etiological factors. Despite numerous
studies, their formation still remains a riddle for endodontists and researchers alike. Historical perspective of pulp stones being an age dependent
process are now being questioned as more studies report their prevalence in young population.
This review article evaluates the recent studies pertaining to pulpal calcications where newer etiological factors as well as molecular factors have
been highlighted in their formation. Their signicance has been largely studied correlating their occurrence with various other systemic
calcications.
COMPARISON OF INTERSCALENE BRACHIAL PLEXUS BLOCK AND COMBINATION OF INTERSCALENE BRACHIAL PLEXUS BLOCK AND SUPRASCAPULAR NERVE BLOCK FOR ANAESTHESIA FOR SHOULDER SURGERIES
Authors: Saxena Hema , Azatshatru Shivankar , Dandona Sanjul
Published: April 2021

Objective- To compare analgesia, degree of motor block and hemodynamic effects of interscalene block with a combination of interscalene block
and suprascapular nerve block employed for anaesthesia for shoulder surgeries.
Methods- 46 patients of ASA grade I or II posted for shoulder surgery were divided into two groups of 23 patients each. Group IS received 15 ml
local anaesthetic mixture for interscalene brachial plexus block whereas group ISSB received suprascapular nerve block with 5 ml local anaesthetic
mixture in addition to interscalene brachial plexus block with 15 ml of similar mixture of local anaesthetic. Heart rate (HR), Systolic Blood
Pressure (SBP), Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP), degree of analgesia and degree of motor blockade were assessed intraoperatively. General
anaesthesia was administered in the event of inadequate blockade. Any adverse events were documented.
Results- A combination of interscalene block and suprascapular nerve block was superior to interscalene block alone in terms of degree and
duration of analgesia as well as degree of motor blockade for shoulder surgeries without any signicant hemodynamic effects in either of the
groups.
Conclusion- Acombination of interscalene brachial plexus block and suprascapular nerve block is superior to isolated interscalene brachial plexus
block for anaesthesia for shoulder surgeries
Motivasi Belajar Mahasiswa Keperawatan Kritis Menggunakan Metode Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Think-Pair-Square (TPS)
Authors: Asdiwinata I Nyoman , Yundari AA Istri Dalem Hana , Saraswati Ni Luh Gede Intan
Published: April 2021

Latar belakang: Aktivitas belajar yang dilakukan oleh mahasiswa selama ini hanya lebih mengandalkan mata kuliah yang sifatnya ceramah. Hal tersebut dirasakan kurang memberikan tantangan dan semangat dalam melakukan proses pembelajaran. Hal ini terbukti dari menurunnya minat mahasiswa untuk hadir dalam setiap perkulihaan yang dilaksanakan. Tentunya motivasi dalam belajar akan sangat dipengaruhi oleh banyak faktor, internal ataupun eksternal. Penerapan model pembelajaran tertentu diharapkan mampu membantu mahasiswa untuk mencapai target pembelajaran. Diharapkan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe thinik-pair-square mampu meningkatkan motivasi belajar mahasiswa. Tujuan: Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengeksplorasi efektivitas model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe think-pair-square (TPS) terhadap motivasi belajar keperawatan kritis. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan design penelitian dengan teknik one group pretest-posttest. pengumpulan data menggunakan purposive sampling. Kuesioner telah diuji menggunakan Model Rasch untuk melihat reliabilitas dan validitas dan hasil logit adalah 0,89. Hasil: Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas responden adalah perempuan yaitu sebanyak 85%. Berdasarkan hasil uji beda menggunakan uji Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test pada kelompok perlakukan didapatkan nilai signifikansi kurang dari 0,05 yang membuktikan terdapat perbedaan motivasi sebelum dan sesudah diberikan perlakuan. Kesimpulan: Perubahan nilai motivasi pada mahasiswa setelah diberikan tipe pembelajaran think-pair-square yang berbeda dari sebelumnya menunjukkan bahwa metode ini berhasil bagi mahasiswa dalam melakukan pembelajaran keperawatan kritis
Pediatric problems of stratification of the severity of stages, cardiovascular complications and renal forecast of chronic kidney disease by NKF-K / DOQI (2002) and KDIGO (2012) classifications
Authors: Savenkova N. D. , Grigoreva O. P.
Published: April 2021

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children is a global problem worldwide. The article discusses the problem of stratification of CKD severity according to the classifications of the National Kidney Foundation's Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative (NKF-K / DOQI) (2002) and Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) (2012) in pediatric patients. There are limitations in assessing severity of CKD stages C1-5 according to NKF-K / DOQI (2002) and KDIGO (2012) in children under 2 years of age who have a low glomerular filtration rate in contrast to adults. The stratification of the severity of stages 1-5 of CKD, cardiovascular complications and renal prognosis in children and adolescents according to the classifications NKF-K / DOQI (2002) [3] and KDIGO (2012) [14] are discussed. In adult patients with CKD, there is a compelling case for identifying of C3a and C3b sub stages in 3 stages of CKD according to KDIGO (2012) was that renal and cardiovascular prognosis are different with GFR 45-59 ml/min/1.73 m 2and GFR 30-44 ml/min/1.73 m 2 . The prognosis of the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases and complications for stages C2-5 in accordance with the KDIGO classification (2012) in children and adults differ. As follows from the publications, children with CKD in the pre-dialysis stages C2-4 form a high-risk group, with C4-5 on dialysis a group of very high risk of complications associated with cardiovascular pathology. Cardiovascular complications account for more than 30 % of all deaths of pediatric patients with CKD C4-5 on dialysis. The arguments justifying the allocation of CKD stages C1-5 in children under 2 years of age in accordance with the classification of NKF-K/DOQI (2002) are presented.
Case of steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome in a child with orphan disease – leucinosis.
Authors: Siraeva T. A. , Sharafiev G. R. , Gatyatullin R. F. , Shtrangar E. A. , Chirikina D. O. , Aksenov A. V.
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND.  The article presents the case of a clinical and laboratory complex of a recurrent hormone-sensitive variant of nephrotic syndrome in a patient with leucinosis (maple syrup disease). THE AIM: to study the clinical laboratory features of nephrotic syndrome in a child with orphan disease – leucinosis. A PATIENT. A 4-year-old child born in a consanguineous marriage, who had previously been diagnosed with a rare genetic disease leucinosis, was examined. The manifestation of leucinosis began from the 8th day of birth. Based on the results of a molecular genetic study the diagnosis was pinpointed as leucinosis with an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance, classic neonatal (maple syrup disease). At the age of 4 the child developed a clinical and laboratory complex of nephrotic syndrome. RESULTS.  The onset of nephrotic syndrome was characterized by a hormone-sensitive course. After completion of the course of glucocorticosteroid therapy, there was a relapse because of acute respiratory infection which also turned out to be hormone-sensitive. Kidney function was not impaired. There were no crises of leucinosis due to nephrotic syndrome. CONCLUSION. Taking into account the development of nephrotic syndrome in a child with a genetically determined disease, a molecular genetic examination should be done to exclude the hereditary nature of the developed nephrotic syndrome. The examination is of great clinical importance for determining treatment tactics, cytostatic therapy, doing a kidney biopsy in order to determine the morphological form of glomerulonephritis, prognosis of progression to the end-stage renal failure.
PERBANDINGAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN TWO STAY TWO STRAY DAN EXAMPLE NON EXAMPLE PADA MATERI SALING KETERGANTUNGAN DI KELAS VII Mts NEGERI TANAH JAWA TAHUN PELAJARAN 2018/2019
Authors: Huda M. Komarul
Published: April 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan hasil belajar siswa dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran Two Stay Two Stray Dan Example Non Example. Penelitian ini termasuk jenis penelitian eksperimen dengan desain penelitian Pre-test, post-test. Jumlah populasi sebanyak 203 orang dan jumlah sampel sebanyak 80 orang siswa (Cluster Random Sampling). Kelas VII-2 sebagai kelas eksperimen I dan kelas VII-4 sebagai kelas ekperimen II. Analisis data dilakukan dengan cara mencari rata-rata skor dan standart deviasi, dan hipotesis diuji dengan statistik t atau uji t pada taraf signifikansi α= 0,05. Nilai rata-rata pre-test kelas eksperimen sebesar 44,25 dan nilai rata-rata posttest kelas eksperimen I yaitu 76,57. Nilai rata-rata pre-test kelas ekperimen II sebesar 38,50 dan nilai rata-rata post-test kelas kontrol yaitu 65,25. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan denganmenggunakan model pembelajaran Two Stay Two Stray Dan Example Non Example pada materi saling ketergantungan dalam ekosistem di kelas VII MTs Negeri Tanah Jawa T.P 2018/2019 sebesar 34,12. Dari hasil uji hipotesis menggunakan uji t diperoleh t hitung (7,68) > t tabel (2,00), maka H0 ditolak dan Ha diterima artinya ada perbedaan hasil belajar siswa dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran Two Stay Two Stray Dan Example Non Example pada materi saling ketergantungan dalam ekosistem di kelas VII MTs Negeri Tanah Jawa T.P 2018/2019. Disimpulkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan hasil belajar yang signifikan dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran Two Stay Two Stray Dan Example Non Example pada materi saling ketergantungan dalam ekosistem di kelas VII MTs Negeri Tanah Jawa T.P 2018/2019. Kata kunci : Model Pembelajaran Two Stay Two Stray Dan Example Non Example, hasil belajar.
Environmental Education as Part of Geographical Courses in the Czech Republic - Problems, Suggestions, and Challenges
Authors: Kühnlová Hana , Kühnl Karel
Published: April 2021

Improvement of the environment is conditioned by a systematic environmental education. The role of geography in such an educational system is also crucial. As a result, geographical courses require changes. A sound knowledge of one's local region much contributes to the understanding of environment in the broad sense. Environmental education must include the historical development of natural and social elements as well as future prospects. The concept of eco-museum could bring much inspiration to this process. The article deals with the idea of eco-museum of Cental European importance which should primarily influence the environmental thinking of the population.
Being Taught Something World-Sized
Authors: Wiemann Dirk
Published: April 2021

This paper reads ‘The Detainee’s Tale as told to Ali Smith’ (2016) as an exemplary demonstration of the work of world literature. Smith’s story articulates an ethics of reading that is grounded in the recipient’s openness to the singular, unpredictable, and unverifiable text of the other. More specifically, Smith’s account enables the very event that it painstakingly stages: the encounter with alterity and newness, which is both the theme of the narrative and the effect of the text on the reader. At the same time, however, the text urges to move from an ethics of literature understood as the responsible reception of the other by an individual reader to a more explicitly convivial and political ethics of commitment beyond the scene of reading.
A compositional approach to two-stage Data Envelopment Analysis in intuitionistic fuzzy environment
Authors: Javaherian Nafiseh , Hamzehee Ali , Tooranloo Hossein Sayyadi
Published: April 2021

Classical methods of Data Envelopment Analysis operate by measuring the efficiency of decision-making units (DMUs) compared to similar units, without taking their internal structure into account. However, some DMUs consist of two stages, with the first stage producing an intermediate product, which is then consumed in the second stage to produce the final output. The efficiency of this type of DMU is often measured using two-stage Network Data Envelopment Analysis. In real world, most data are vague; therefore the inputs and outputs of systems with vagueness data create uncertainty challenges for DMUs. As a result, when uncertainty appears, intuitionistic fuzzy sets can show more information than classical fuzzy sets. This paper presents a model of two-stage Network Data Envelopment Analysis based on intuitionistic fuzzy data, which measures the efficiency of the first and second stages of each DMU, and ultimately the overall efficiency measures based on the stage efficiencies.
Forecasting the Confidence Interval of Efficiency in Fuzzy DEA
Authors: Kafi Azarnoosh , Daneshian Behrouz , Rostamy-Malkhalifeh Mohsen
Published: April 2021

Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is a well-known method that based on inputs and outputs calculates the efficiency of decision-making units (DMUs). Comparing the efficiency and ranking of DMUs in different time periods lets the decision makers to prevent any loss in the productivity of units and improve the production planning. Despite the merits of DEA models, they are not able to forecast the efficiency of future time periods with known input/output records of the DMUs. With this end in view, this study aims at proposing a forecasting algorithm with a 95% confidence interval to generate fuzzy data sets for future time periods. Moreover, managers’ opinions are inserted in the proposed forecasting model. Equipped with the forecasted data sets and with respect to the data sets from previous periods, this model can rightly forecast the efficiency of the future time periods. The proposed procedure also employs the simple geometric mean to discriminate between efficient units. Examples from a real case including 20 automobile firms show the applicability of the proposed algorithm.
Caristi’s random fixed point theorem for generalized distance on Polish spaces
Authors:   DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS FACULTY OF SCIENCE, NARESUAN UNIVERSITY PHITSANULOK 65000, THAILAND, ARUNCHAI AREERAT , PLUBTIENG SOMYOT ,   DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS FACULTY OF SCIENCE, NARESUAN UNIVERSITY PHITSANULOK 65000, THAILAND E-mail address: Somyotp@nu.ac.th,   CENTER OF EXCELLENCE IN MATHEMATICS FACULTY OF SCIENCE, NARESUAN UNIVERSITY PHITSANULOK 65000, THAILAND E-mail address: Naomi 115@hotmail.com
Published: April 2021

In this paper, we present the random version of generalized Caristi’s fixed point theorem for generalized distance on Polish spaces. Moreover, we prove some Caristi’s random fixed point theorems for multi-valued mappings on Polish spaces. Our results in this paper extend and improve some known results in the literature.
Developing strategic plans for an aligned approach to 21st century skills integration
Authors: Scoular Claire , Teo Ian
Published: April 2021

This report describes an online course developed to support education systems to build an aligned and sustainable approach to integration of 21st Century Skills (21CS). 21CS are those skills that are considered particularly important to succeed in today’s knowledge-based society in which innovation and technology are predominant. Prominent examples include critical thinking, creative thinking, and collaboration, and such skills need to be better understood in order for them to be integrated. While different countries may have their own frameworks or priorities surrounding 21CS, a consistent approach to integration can still be achieved with a shared understanding from all stakeholders within the system. The course objectives focused on supporting countries to develop a strategic plan for 21CS integration, providing resources to aid that plan, and building capacity to implement the plan. The specific learning objectives were to: Understand components and steps leading to 21CS alignment; Conduct a needs analysis, identifying which steps are currently being met, and which steps need more attention; Develop a strategic plan, identifying which steps are to be prioritized and in which order; Gain insights from other education systems from reflections on successful developments and lessons learned; and Engage in discussion within education systems and with other countries about the emerging area of skills integration, as well as identify future directions. Course participants joined from across 16 Asia Pacific countries and from the Education Quality and Assessment Programme for the Pacific Community (EQAP). The course comprised of eight modules that were spread over three weeks, with content hosted online through the Moodle platform.Each module consisted of pre-recorded video content (30-60 minutes) and team and/or individual activities. The modules were supported by three live sessions that allowed participants to ask questions and share reflections in real time. The course concluded with a webinar that consisted of presentations that were delivered by one member from each Core Strategy Team who shared their team’s strategic plan and reflections from this course.
Multivariable Regelung
Authors: Akkermans Rene
Published: April 2021

Stabiler Betrieb, gesteigerte Produktqualität und ein höherer Destillationsertrag sind das Ergebnis des Einsatzes einer „MPC“-Regelung von Rockwell Automation in der Jim Beam Destillerie in Clermont, Kentucky/USA. Dank des Einsatzes der modernen Steuerung ist es der Destillerie nun gelungen, den Durchsatz zu maximieren und die Bediener zu entlasten.
Hubungan antara Jenis Kelamin dan Usia dengan Motivasi Belajar Renang
Authors: Solihin Akhmad Olih , Sriningsih  , Rachmawati Adinda
Published: April 2021

Pada penelitian ini peneliti memiliki tujuan untuk mengetahui Hubungan Antara Jenis Kelamin dan Usia dengan Motivasi Belajar Renang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif dengan teknik korelasional. Populasi yang digunakan adalah anggota UKM Aquatic STKIP Pasundan Cimahi yang berjumlah  50 orang dan sampel yang digunakan berjumlah 19 orang dengan menggunakan purposive sampling. Hasil penghitungan korelasi antara jenis kelamin dengan motivasi belajar renang = 0,203 hasil korelasi usia dengan motivasi belajar renang = 0,264 hasil korelasi antara jenis kelamin dan usia dengan motivasi belajar renang = 0,192. Maka berdasarkan hasil korelasi yang didapat, peneliti menyimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang rendah antara jenis kelamin dan usia dengan motivasi belajar renang
Pengembangan Media Audio Visual Berbasis Video Youtube untuk Materi Pembelajaran Tenis Meja
Authors: Solihin Akhmad Olih
Published: April 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan produk berupa vedia audio visual berupa video untuk mengetahui efektivitas dari video ini untuk meningkatkan minat siswa dalam pembelajaran pendidikan jasmani materi tenis meja. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah ADDIE dengan tahapan 1) Analysis 2) Design 3) Development 4) Implementation 5) Evaluation, tetapi peneliti hanya menggunakan metode ini hanya batas tahap development saja. Media yang telah dikembangkan ini divalidasi oleh ahli media pembelajaran, ahli materi, dan ahli penjas dengan memberikan penilaian terhadap media pembelajaran tersebut dengan kriteria kelayakan media yang telah dikembangkan. Berdasarkan hasil penilaian dari para ahli media, ahli materi, dan ahli penjas, media audio visual berbasis video youtube ini dapat dan layak digunakan untuk pembelajaran penjas di sekolah dengan kriteria ahli media pembelajaran 3,4 (Layak), kriteria ahli materi 3,46 (Layak), dan kriteria ahli penjas 3,46 (Layak). Dengan demikian media pengembangan ini layak untuk digunakan pada pembelajaran tenis meja di sekolah.
Importance the Type 1 (CR1) and Type 3 (CR3) Complement Receptors in the Infectious Disease
Authors: Campelo CM
Published: April 2021

The complement system is one of the host’s primary defence mechanisms against pathogens. Its activation involves proteolytic cascades of enzymatic reactions that result in products with effector functions and recognition of molecules on the surface of microorganisms [1,2].
Integrated Biorefinery: High Value-Added Products from Agro-Industrial Residues
Authors: Morana A
Published: April 2021

Every year, the anthropic activities generate thousands of tonnes of agro-industrial residues, which create serious disposal problems and have a very important economic and environmental impact. At this time, the most popular way of their disposing is degradation by biological and/or biochemical and/or thermal treatments; however, they often contain significant percentages of useful compounds that can be extracted and used in several sectors, thus representing an opportunity to be exploited through the development of eco-compatible/sustainable technologies with low environmental impact.
Physicochemical Assessment of Curcumin Microencapsules Containing Maltodextrin and Gelatin Coatings
Authors: Ashraf Humaira
Published: April 2021

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From Exact Sequences to Modules Embedded in Flat Modules
Authors: Rashid Muhammad
Published: April 2021

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Working for Mankind for a Shared Community by Promoting Environmental Safety
Authors: Taj Maria
Published: April 2021

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Evaluating the Reliability of a Simple Method to Map the Magnetic Field Azimuth in the Solar Chromosphere
Authors: Jurčák Jan , Štěpán Jiří , Trujillo Bueno Javier
Published: April 2021

The Zeeman effect is of limited utility for probing the magnetism of the quiet solar chromosphere. The Hanle effect in some spectral lines is sensitive to such magnetism, but the interpretation of the scattering polarization signals requires taking into account that the chromospheric plasma is highly inhomogeneous and dynamic (i.e., that the magnetic field is not the only cause of symmetry breaking). Here we investigate the reliability of a well-known formula for mapping the azimuth of chromospheric magnetic fields directly from the scattering polarization observed in the Ca ii 8542 Å line, which is typically in the saturation regime of the Hanle effect. To this end, we use the Stokes profiles of the Ca ii 8542 Å line computed with the PORTA radiative transfer code in a three-dimensional (3D) model of the solar chromosphere, degrading them to mimic spectropolarimetric observations for a range of telescope apertures and noise levels. The simulated observations are used to obtain the magnetic field azimuth at each point of the field of view, which we compare with the actual values within the 3D model. We show that, apart from intrinsic ambiguities, the method provides solid results. Their accuracy depends more on the noise level than on the telescope diameter. Large-aperture solar telescopes, like DKIST and EST, are needed to achieve the required polarimetric sensitivity using reasonable exposure times.
A Comprehensive Power Spectral Density Analysis of Astronomical Time Series. II. The Swift/BAT Long Gamma-Ray Bursts
Authors: Tarnopolski Mariusz , Marchenko Volodymyr
Published: April 2021

We have investigated the prompt light curves of long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) from the Swift/BAT catalog. We aimed to characterize their power spectral densities (PSDs), search for quasiperiodic oscillations (QPOs), and conduct novel analyses directly in the time domain. We analyzed the PSDs using Lomb–Scargle periodograms, and searched for QPOs using wavelet scalograms. We also attempted to classify the GRBs using the Hurst exponent, H, and the

plane. The PSDs fall into three categories: power law (PL; P(f) ∝ 1/f

β
) with index β ∈ (0, 2), PL with a non-negligible Poisson noise level (PLC) with β ∈ (1, 3), and a smoothly broken PL (with Poisson noise level) yielding high-frequency index β
2 ∈ (2, 6). The latter yields break timescales of the order of 1–100 s. The PL and PLC models are broadly consistent with fully developed turbulence, β = 5/3. For an overwhelming majority of GRBs (93%), H > 0.5, implying ubiquity of the long-term memory. We find no convincing substructure in the

plane. Finally, we report on 34 new QPOs, with one or more constant leading periods, as well as several chirping signals. The presence of breaks and QPOs suggests the existence of characteristic timescales that in at least some GRBs might be related to the dynamical properties of plasma trajectories in the accretion disks powering the relativistic jets.
The Distance and Peculiar Velocity of the Norma Cluster (ACO3627) Using the Near-infrared J- and K

s
-band Fundamental Plane Relations
Authors: Mutabazi T.
Published: April 2021

We report distance measurements for the Norma cluster based on the near-infrared J- and K

s
-band fundamental plane (FP) relations. Our simultaneous J- and K

s
-band photometry analyses were performed using 31 early-type galaxies in the nearby Norma cluster obtained using the 1.4 m InfraRed Survey Facility (IRSF) at the South African Astronomical Observatory. Our final K

s
-band FP sample consists of 41 early-type galaxies from the Norma cluster observed using the IRSF and the New Technology Telescope (NTT) at the European Southern Observatory. This is the largest cluster sample used for peculiar velocity studies in the Great Attractor region to date. From the K

s
-band FP, we find a distance to the Norma cluster of 4915 ± 121 km s−1. The implied peculiar velocity for Norma is 44 ± 151 km s−1, which further supports a small peculiar velocity for the Norma cluster.
Improved Atomic Transition Probabilities for UV and Optical Lines of Hf II and Determination of the Hf Abundance in Two Metal-poor Stars*
Authors: Den Hartog E. A. , Lawler J. E. , Roederer I. U.
Published: April 2021

We report new branching fraction measurements for 199 UV and optical transitions of Hf ii. These transitions range in wavelength (wavenumber) from 2068 to 6584 Å (48,322–15,183 cm−1) and originate in 17 odd-parity upper levels ranging in energy from 38,578 to 53,227 cm−1. The branching fractions are combined with radiative lifetimes reported in an earlier study to produce a set of transition probabilities and log(gf) values with accuracy ranging from 5% to 25%. Comparison is made to transition probabilities from the literature where such data exist. We use these new transition probabilities to derive improved Hf abundances in two metal-poor stars. HD 196944 is enhanced in s-process elements, and we derive log ε (Hf) = −0.72 ± 0.03 (σ = 0.09) from 12 Hf ii lines. HD 222925 is enhanced in r-process elements, and we derive log ε (Hf) = 0.32 ± 0.03 (σ = 0.11) from 20 Hf ii lines. These measurements greatly expand the number of potentially useful Hf ii lines for analysis in UV and optical spectra.
Parker Solar Probe Evidence for Scattering of Electrons in the Young Solar Wind by Narrowband Whistler-mode Waves
Authors: Cattell C. , Breneman A. , Dombeck J. , Short B. , Wygant J. , Halekas J. , Case Tony , Kasper J. C. , Larson D. , Stevens Mike , Whittesley P. , Bale S. D. , Dudok de Wit T. , Goodrich K. , MacDowall R. , Moncuquet M. , Malaspina D. , Pulupa M.
Published: April 2021

Observations of plasma waves by the Fields Suite and of electrons by the Solar Wind Electrons Alphas and Protons Investigation on the Parker Solar Probe provide strong evidence for pitch angle scattering of strahl-energy electrons by narrowband whistler-mode waves at radial distances less than ∼0.3 au. We present two example intervals of a few hours each that include eight waveform captures with whistler-mode waves and 26 representative electron distributions that are examined in detail. Two were narrow, seventeen were clearly broadened, and eight were very broad. The two with narrow strahl occurred when there were either no whistlers or very intermittent low amplitude waves. Six of the eight broadest distributions were associated with intense, long duration waves. Approximately half of the observed electron distributions have features consistent with an energy-dependent scattering mechanism, as would be expected from interactions with narrowband waves. A comparison of the wave power in the whistler-mode frequency band to pitch angle width and a measure of anisotropy provides additional evidence for electron scattering by whistler-mode waves. We estimate the range of resonances based on the wave properties and energies over which broadening is observed. These observations provide strong evidence that the narrowband whistler-mode waves scatter strahl-energy electrons to produce the halo and to reduce the electron heat flux.
Evidence that Ultra-high-energy Gamma Rays Are a Universal Feature near Powerful Pulsars
Authors: Albert A. , Alfaro R. , Alvarez C. , Álvarez J. D. , Angeles Camacho J. R. , Arteaga-Velázquez J. C. , Arunbabu K. P. , Rojas D. Avila , Ayala Solares H. A. , Baghmanyan V. , Belmont-Moreno E. , BenZvi S. Y. , Brisbois C. , Caballero-Mora K. S. , Capistrán T. , Carramiñana A. , Casanova S. , Cotti U. , Cotzomi J. , Coutiño de León S. , De la Fuente E. , de León C. , Diaz Hernandez R. , Dingus B. L. , DuVernois M. A. , Durocher M. , Díaz-Vélez J. C. , Ellsworth R. W. , Engel K. , Espinoza C. , Fan K. L. , Fernández Alonso M. , Fraija N. , Galván-Gámez A. , García-González J. A. , Garfias F. , Giacinti G. , González M. M. , Goodman J. A. , Harding J. P. , Hernandez S. , Hona B. , Huang D. , Hueyotl-Zahuantitla F. , Hüntemeyer P. , Iriarte A. , Jardin-Blicq A. , Joshi V. , Kieda D. , Lara A. , Lee W. H. , Lee J. , León Vargas H. , Linnemann J. T. , Longinotti A. L. , Luis-Raya G. , Lundeen J. , Malone K. , Marandon V. , Martinez O. , Martínez-Castro J. , Matthews J. A. , Miranda-Romagnoli P. , Morales-Soto J. A. , Moreno E. , Mostafá M. , Nayerhoda A. , Nellen L. , Newbold M. , Nisa M. U. , Noriega-Papaqui R. , Olivera-Nieto L. , Omodei N. , Peisker A. , Araujo Y. Pérez , Pérez-Pérez E. G. , Rho C. D. , Roh Y. J. , Rosa-González D. , Ruiz-Velasco E. , Salazar H. , Salesa Greus F. , Sandoval A. , Schneider M. , Schoorlemmer H. , Serna-Franco J. , Smith A. J. , Springer R. W. , Surajbali P. , Tanner M. , Tollefson K. , Torres I. , Torres-Escobedo R. , Turner R. , Ureña-Mena F. , Villaseñor L. , Weisgarber T. , Willox E. , Zhou H. ,   HAWC Collaboration
Published: April 2021

The highest-energy known gamma-ray sources are all located within 0.°5 of extremely powerful pulsars. This raises the question of whether ultra-high-energy (UHE; >56 TeV) gamma-ray emission is a universal feature expected near pulsars with a high spin-down power. Using four years of data from the High Altitude Water Cherenkov Gamma-Ray Observatory, we present a joint-likelihood analysis of 10 extremely powerful pulsars to search for subthreshold UHE gamma-ray emission correlated with these locations. We report a significant detection (>3σ), indicating that UHE gamma-ray emission is a generic feature of powerful pulsars. We discuss the emission mechanisms of the gamma rays and the implications of this result. The individual environment, such as the magnetic field and particle density in the surrounding area, appears to play a role in the amount of emission.
Description of the female of Syrittosyrphus opacea Hull, 1944 (Diptera, Syrphidae, Eristalinae) with additional notes on the genus
Authors: Ssymank Axel , Jordaens Kurt
Published: April 2021

The taxonomy of Syrphidae is far from being complete in the Afrotropical Region and many species have been described from a single sex only. One of these is the enigmatic monotypic genus Syrittosyrphus Hull, 1944, of which, so far, only the male of Syrittosyrphus opacea Hull, 1944 was described from the Eastern Cape Province in South Africa. Here, we re-describe the male and describe the female. We summarise all known distribution records from South Africa (Eastern Cape, KwaZulu-Natal and Limpopo Provinces) and Zimbabwe (Vumba), of which several are new. We also provide notes on the species’ ecology.
Ecologist engagement in translational science is imperative for building resilience to global change threats
Authors: Rubert-Nason Kennedy , Casper AM Aramati , Jurjonas Matt , Mandeville Caitlin , Potter Rebecca , Schwarz Kirsten
Published: April 2021

The causes and consequences of global change are well-documented, as are mitigation and adaptation strategies. However, human actions continue to fail in building adequate socio-ecological resilience to the accelerating threats of global change. Translational science, which focuses on connecting scientific research to human benefits, is imperative to building resilience to a confluence of global change threats because it brings the implications of theory and empirical research into practice. Translational ecology, an approach to knowledge co-creation that is grounded in equitable, inclusive, empathetic, and just partnerships among administrators, policy makers, scholars, practitioners, and the public, has immense potential to bring about the rapid and expansive social, ecological and political changes necessary to build resilience to global change threats. Here, we articulate a need for greater engagement of ecologists and other professionals in translational initiatives addressing seven major resilience building challenges, and propose a framework that lowers barriers to participation and promotes stronger relationships among stakeholders. We recommend specific actions that ecologists can take based on their situation, as well as evidence and demonstrated need, to foster resilience building through their contributions to communication, policy, education, knowledge creation, leadership, and service as role models. We conclude with an urgent call for expansive engagement of ecologists and other professionals in initiatives that combat misinformation, partner equitably with communities in knowledge creation, cultivate empathy and compassion, bolster public trust in science, and ultimately build decentralized communities of practice that enable rapid and high-impact responses to global change.
New species and material of Hagloidea (Insecta, Ensifera) from the Yanliao biota of China
Authors: Gu Jun-Jie , Yang Xin , Huang Rong , Yang Guijun , Yue Yanli , Ren Dong
Published: April 2021

A new species of Cyrtophyllitinae, Archaboilus polyneurussp. nov. Gu, Yue & Ren, is described from the Middle Jurassic Jiulongshan Formation, Daohugou Village, Inner Mongolia, China. The species is characterized by its ScA reaching the anterior wing margin at the level of the divergence of M+ CuA, distally branched RP, lengths of free CuA and free M equal, and numerous branches of CuA + CuPaα. A new fossil of Liassophyllum caii Gu & Ren, 2012 is described which increases knowledge of its wing venation and indicates that Liassophyllum should be assigned to the Tuphellidae.