bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Morphological process of podocyte development revealed by block-face scanning electron microscopy
Authors: Ichimura Koichiro , Kakuta Soichiro , Kawasaki Yuto , Miyaki Takayuki , Nonami Takahiro , Miyazaki Naoyuki , Nakao Tomoyo , Enomoto Sakiko , Arai Shigeo , Koike Masato , Murata Kazuyoshi , Sakai Tatsuo
Published: June 2016

Podocytes present a unique 3D architecture specialized for glomerular filtration. However, several 3D morphological aspects on podocyte development remain partially understood because they are difficult to reveal using conventional scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Here, we adopted serial block-face SEM imaging, a powerful tool for analyzing the three-dimensional cellular ultrastructure, to precisely reveal the morphological process of podocyte development, such as the formation of foot processes (FPs). Development of FPs presents three morphological states: the primitive, immature, and mature FPs. Immature podocytes were columnar in shape and connected to each other by the junctional complex (JC), which migrated toward the basal side of the cell. When the JC was close to the basement membrane, immature podocytes started to interdigitate with primitive FPs under the level of JC. As primitive FPs lengthened, the JC moved between primitive FPs to form immature FPs. Finally, the JC was gradually replaced by the slit diaphragm, resulting in the maturation of immature FPs into mature FPs. In conclusion, the developmental process of podocytes is now clearly visualized by block-face SEM imaging.
The Long-Run Effects of the Scramble for Africa
Authors: Michalopoulos Stelios , Papaioannou Elias
Published: June 2016

We explore the consequences of ethnic partitioning, a neglected aspect of the Scramble for Africa, and uncover the following. First, apart from the land mass and water bodies, split and non-split groups are similar across several dimensions. Second, the incidence, severity, and duration of political violence are all higher for partitioned homelands which also experience frequent military interventions from neighboring countries. Third, split groups are often entangled in a vicious circle of government-led discrimination and ethnic wars. Fourth, respondents from survey data identifying with split ethnicities are economically disadvantaged. The evidence highlights the detrimental repercussions of the colonial border design. (JEL D72, D74, F51, J15, O15, O17, Z13)
The Surprisingly Swift Decline of US Manufacturing Employment
Authors: Pierce Justin R. , Schott Peter K.
Published: June 2016

This paper links the sharp drop in US manufacturing employment after 2000 to a change in US trade policy that eliminated potential tariff increases on Chinese imports. Industries more exposed to the change experience greater employment loss, increased imports from China, and higher entry by US importers and foreign-owned Chinese exporters. At the plant level, shifts toward less labor-intensive production and exposure to the policy via input-output linkages also contribute to the decline in employment. Results are robust to other potential explanations of employment loss, and there is no similar reaction in the European Union, where policy did not change. (JEL D72, E24, F13, F16, L24, L60, P33)
Interest Rates and Equity Extraction During the Housing Boom
Authors: Bhutta Neil , Keys Benjamin J.
Published: June 2016

Credit record panel data from 1999–2010 indicates that the likelihood of home equity extraction (borrowing, on average, about $40,000 against one's home) peaked in 2003 when mortgage rates reached historic lows. We estimate a 27 percent rise in extraction in response to a 100 basis point rate decline, and that house price growth amplifies this relationship. Differential responses to interest rates and home price appreciation by borrower age and credit score provide new evidence of financial frictions. Finally, equity extractions are associated with higher default risk, consistent with the use of borrowed funds for consumption or illiquid investment. (JEL D14, E43, E52, G12, R31)
O absenteísmo da equipe de enfermagem de um hospital universitário público
The absenteeism of the team of nursing of a public university hospital
Authors: Silva Larissa Gutierrez de Carvalho , Buss Adeline Aparecida Queiroz , Haddad Maria do Carmo Lourenço , Vannuchi Marli Terezinha de Oliveira
Published: June 2016

Introdução: A identificação do absenteísmo da enfermagem no contexto hospitalar constitui-se em um importante indicador de análise para a gestão de pessoas e para a qualificação e segurança da assistência aos clientes.  Objetivo: Analisar o absenteísmo dos trabalhadores da equipe de enfermagem de um hospital público universitário. Metodologia: Pesquisa de abordagem quantitativa, tendo como população os atestados dos profissionais da equipe de enfermagem do ano de 2009.  Os dados foram coletados com um instrumento que continha informações sobre o perfil sóciodemográfico e ocupacional, a causa e o período da ausência dos profissionais. A análise descritiva foi realizada, agrupando-se em distribuição de frequências e gráficos. Resultados: O perfil dos trabalhadores que apresentaram atestados são mulheres casadas, com idade entre 41 a 50 anos, auxiliares, vínculo empregatício público, tempo de trabalho de 11 a 15 anos, lotados no centro cirúrgico em período integral. O número de atestados foi 3.149, 72,46% por justificativas médicas, o que resultou na ausência de 71,6 trabalhadores de enfermagem por semana. Conclusão: O número elevado de atestados médicos pode sugerir um processo de trabalho que deve ser reavaliado sob o enfoque na preservação da saúde dentro do ambiente de trabalho e da subjetividade do cuidar de si e do próximo.
Efeitos do treinamento físico em mulheres com síndrome dos ovários policísticos: Revisão Sistemática
Effects of exercise training in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: Systematic review
Authors: Ribeiro Victor Barbosa , Lopes Iris Palma , Oliveira Arthur Marques Zecchin , Santiago Hildemberg Agostinho Rocha de , Kogure Gislaine Satyko , Reis Rafael Menezes
Published: June 2016

Introdução: A síndrome dos ovários policísticos (SOP) é uma doença que atinge cerca de 15% das mulheres. Esta é caracterizada por oligomenorreia ou anovulação, por sinais clínicos e/ou bioquímicos de hiperandrogenismo; e, por último, pela identificação de ovários policísticos. Em decorrência da doença, essas mulheres apresentam maiores chances de aumento de peso e gordura corporal e de desenvolver desordens metabólicas e hormonais. Dessa forma, o objetivo é identificar os principais efeitos do treinamento físico sobre composição corporal, em parâmetros endócrinos e metabólicos em mulheres com a síndrome dos ovários policísticos. Métodos: Foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica dos artigos publicados entre julho de 2010 e julho de 2015 na base de dados PubMed. Os artigos selecionados deveriam investigar os efeitos do treinamento físico na composição corporal, nos parâmetros endócrinos e metabólicos de mulheres com SOP. Resultados: Após a leitura dos títulos e resumos, foram selecionados inicialmente 43 artigos para leitura.  Desses, 23  foram excluídos, sendo selecionados 20. Conclusão: Os resultados dos estudos avaliados demonstraram claramente que o treinamento físico promove melhorias na composição corporal, nos parâmetros metabólicos e endócrinos em mulheres com SOP. Além disso, é um método de baixo custo e de baixo ou nenhum risco. Portanto, é relevante que ele seja indicado para os cuidados com a SOP.
Η συμβολή των παραγόντων της «Γνώσης» και «Πληροφόρησης» στην πρόβλεψη πρόθεσης Φοιτητών/τριών όσον αφορά την Μελλοντική Συμμετοχή τους σε Μεταπτυχιακό Πρόγραμμα Ελληνικής Μουσικής και Χορού στο Ελληνικό Ανοικτό Πανεπιστήμιο
Authors: Μπεμπέτσος Ευάγγελος , Γουλιμάρης Δημήτριος
Published: June 2016

Σκοπός της έρευνας ήταν να διερευνήσει την συνεισφορά των παραγόντων της Γνώσης και Πληροφόρησης στις στάσεις και τις προθέσεις φοιτητών/τριών του Ελληνικού Ανοικτού Πανεπιστημίου σχετικά με μελλοντική τους μεταπτυχιακή συμμετοχή, σε πρόγραμμα Ελληνικής μουσικής και χορού, στο Ελληνικό Ανοικτό Πανεπιστήμιο. Το δείγμα αποτέλεσαν 127 άτομα (80 γυναίκες, 47 άνδρες), ηλικίας από 20 έως 60 ετών. Το ερωτηματολόγιο που χρησιμοποιήθηκε ως όργανο μέτρησης ήταν η Ελληνική έκδοση (Theodorakis, 1994) του «Ερωτηματολόγιου της Σχεδιασμένης Συμπεριφοράς» (Planned Behavior Theory Questionnaire) των Ajzen και Madden (1986). Τα αποτελέσματα καταρχήν έδειξαν υψηλούς δείκτες εσωτερικής συνοχής (Cronbach’s a) για όλους τους παράγοντες. Η ανάλυση Ιεραρχικής Παλινδρόμησης έδειξε ισχυρή συσχέτιση μεταξύ των εξεταζόμενων μεταβλητών του ερωτηματολογίου της Σχεδιασμένης Συμπεριφοράς, σηματοδοτώντας ότι η/οι γνώση/εις, και πληροφόρηση, μπορούν να ενισχύσουν την πρόβλεψη της πρόθεσης των ατόμων σχετικά με την συμμετοχή τους σε μελλοντικό μεταπτυχιακό πρόγραμμα Ελληνικής μουσικής και χορού. Συμπερασματικά, θα λέγαμε ότι το συγκεκριμένο ερωτηματολόγιο μπορεί να αποτελεί χρήσιμο όργανο για την καταγραφή των στάσεων των ατόμων σχετικά με τα μελλοντικά ακαδημαϊκά τους σχέδια.
Αναφορές στην εξ αποστάσεως εκπαίδευση στον Ελληνικό Τύπο της περιόδου 1943-1954
Authors: Παπακωνσταντίνου Ελένη , Καραλής Θανάσης
Published: June 2016

Στην εργασία παρουσιάζονται ευρήματα αναφορικά με πρώιμες αναφορές στην εξ αποστάσεως εκπαίδευση και σε μορφές αυτομόρφωσης / αυτομάθησης (self – learning) που εντοπίστηκαν στον Τύπο και τις πηγές της περιόδου 1943-1954. Τα δημοσιεύματα αυτά αφορούν κατά κύριο λόγο την από απόσταση εκμάθηση ξένων γλωσσών, κυρίως της αγγλικής γλώσσας, μέσω οπτικοακουστικών βοηθημάτων. Με μικρότερη συχνότητα εμφανίζονται δημοσιεύματα που αφορούν στην εκμάθηση σχεδίου εξ αποστάσεως ενώ μετά το 1945 εντοπίζονται για πρώτη φορά καταχωρήσεις σχετικά με την παρακολούθηση τεχνικών μαθημάτων δια αλληλογραφίας για μαθητές από την επαρχία. Παρουσιάζονται, επίσης και δημοσιεύματα για ραδιοφωνικές εκπομπές, η πλειονότητα των οποίων αφορά και πάλι την εκμάθηση της αγγλικής γλώσσας. Σε αυτά τα δημοσιεύματα εντοπίζονται ορισμένες αναφορές για τα πλεονεκτήματα της από απόσταση εκμάθησης μιας ξένης γλώσσας έναντι του συμβατικού τρόπου της παρακολούθησης μαθημάτων. Από τα δημοσιεύματα που αναφέρονται στις ραδιοφωνικές εκπομπές διαπιστώνουμε ότι τα μαθήματα αγγλικής γλώσσας είχαν μια αρκετά συστηματική μορφή αφού το περιεχόμενο των μαθημάτων προδημοσιευόταν στο ραδιοπρόγραμμα που κυκλοφορούσε σε έντυπη μορφή - ενώ ο ραδιοσταθμός Αθηνών είχε συνάψει συνεργασία με το B.B.C. για την αναμετάδοση μαθημάτων που ο αγγλικός σταθμός είχε δημιουργήσει από κοινού με το Πανεπιστήμιο του Λονδίνου για τη διδασκαλία των αγγλικών σε αλλοδαπούς.
Loss of genetic variation in Greek hatchery populations of the European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.) as revealed by microsatellite DNA analysis
Authors: LOUKOVITIS D. , IOANNIDI B. , CHATZIPLIS D. , KOTOULAS G. , MAGOULAS A. , TSIGENOPOULOS C. S.
Published: June 2016

Genetic variation in four reared stocks of European sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax L., originating from Greek commercial farms, was assessed using five polymorphic microsatellite markers and was compared with that of three natural populations from Greece and France. The total number of alleles per marker ranged from 8 to 22 alleles, and hatchery samples showed the same levels of observed heterozygosity with samples from the wild but substantially smaller allelic richness and expected heterozygosity. The genetic differentiation of cultivated samples between them as well as from the wild origin fish was significant as indicated by Fst analysis. All population pairwise comparisons were statistically significant, except for the pair of the two natural Greek populations. Results of microsatellite DNA analysis herein showed a 37 % reduction of the mean allele number in the hatchery samples compared to the wild ones, suggesting random genetic drift and inbreeding events operating in the hatcheries. Knowledge of the genetic variation in D. labrax cultured populations compared with that in the wild ones is essential for setting up appropriate guidelines for proper monitoring and management of the stocks either under traditional practices or for the implementation of selective breeding programmes.
First record of Dichotomaria obtusata (Ellis & Solander) Lamarck (Nemaliales, Rhodophyta) in the Mediterranean Sea
Authors: HOFFMAN R. , LIU S.-L. , LIPKIN Y. , STERNBERG M.
Published: June 2016

Global climate change is causing the Mediterranean coastal area of Israel to gradually acquire tropical characteristics. Rising sea surface temperatures in the eastern Mediterranean basin have facilitated the introduction, settlement and establishment of hundreds of alien species (Zenetos et al. 2012). The vast majority of these exotic species are of Indo-Pacific origin. We report the occurrence of the genus Dichotomaria in the eastern Mediterranean on the basis of specimens identified as Dichotomaria cf. obtusata (J. Ellis & Solander) Lamarck. Tetrasporophytes with sporangial initials were identified morphologically and confirmed molecularly using plastid rbcL sequences. We also discuss possible paths of introduction of this and other alien species into the Levantine Sea.
Mesozooplankton biomass and abundance in Cyprus coastal waters and comparison with the Aegean Sea (eastern Mediterranean)
Authors: HANNIDES C. C.S. , SIOKOU I. , ZERVOUDAKID S. , FRANGOULIS C. , LANGE M. A.
Published: June 2016

Here we conduct the first comprehensive assessment of mesozooplankton abundance, biomass, and taxa composition in Cyprus coastal waters (Levantine Sea).  Mesozooplankton abundance and biomass sampled at several locations around the island ranged from 153 – 498 individuals m-3 and 0.7 – 5.2 mg dry weight m-3, respectively, with significantly larger biomass observed in winter-early spring (March) than in summer (September).  The community was dominated by calanoid and cyclopoid copepods throughout the year (80% of total numbers), with higher abundances of predatory taxa (chaetognaths and medusae) in winter and cladocerans in summer.  Overall, we find that coastal mesozooplankton communities around Cyprus appear to be more similar to communities in offshore waters or those around the island of Rhodes than to communities along the mainland Levantine coast.  We further highlight regional differences in the eastern Mediterranean by comparing our data with mesozooplankton in the western Aegean (Saronikos Gulf) and northeastern Aegean Sea (NEA).  Distinct spatial differences were observed, for example anthropogenic influences in the Saronikos Gulf and the outflow of Modified Black Sea Water in the NEA drove generally greater biomass and abundance in these regions.  Overall, our comparison supports the concept of a latitudinal gradient in oligotrophy in the eastern Mediterranean, with ultra-oligotrophic conditions found in the Levantine Sea.
First record of Acanthurus chirurgus (Perciformes: Acanthuridae) in the Mediterranean Sea, with some distributional notes on Mediterranean Acanthuridae
Authors: LANGENECK J. , BOYER M. , De CECCO P. G. , LUCIANI C. , MARCELLI M. , VACCHI M.
Published: June 2016

The occurrence of the doctorfish Acanthurus chirurgus is reported for the first time in the Mediterranean Sea, off Elba Island, Tyrrhenian Sea (42.726667° N, 10.434444° E). This record is tentatively related to aquarium release. The occurrence of Acanthuridae in the Mediterranean Sea is briefly reviewed, and some distributional notes on Acanthurus coeruleus and Acanthurus monroviae in the Mediterranean are provided.
New Mediterranean Biodiversity Records (April 2015)
Authors: ΖΕΝΕΤΟΣ Α. , AKEL E.H.KH. , APOSTOLIDIS C. , BILECENOGLU M. , BITAR G. , BUCHET V. , CHALARI N. , CORSINI-FOKA M. , CROCETTA F. , DOGRAMMATZI A. , DRAKULIĆ M. , FANELLI G. , GIGLIO G. , IMSIRIDOU A. , KAPIRIS K. , PKARACHLE P.K. , KAVADAS S. , KONDYLATOS G. , LEFKADITOU E. , LIPEJ L. , MAVRIČ B. , MINOS G. , MOUSSA R. , PANCUCCI-PAPADOPOULOU M.A. , PRATO E. , RENDA W. , RÍOS N. , RIZKALLA S.I. , RUSSO F. , SERVONNAT M. , SIAPATIS A. , SPERONE E. , THEODOROU J.A. , TIRALONGO F. , TZOVENIS I.
Published: June 2016

The Collective Article ‘New Mediterranean Biodiversity Records’ of the Mediterranean Marine Science journal offers the means to publish biodiversity records in the Mediterranean Sea. The current article is divided in two parts, for records of native and alien species respectively. The new records of native fish species include: the slender sunfish Ranzania laevis and the scalloped ribbonfish Zu cristatus in Calabria; the Azores rockling Gaidropsarus granti in Calabria and Sicily; the agujon needlefish Tylosurus acus imperialis in the Northern Aegean; and the amphibious behaviour of Gouania willdenowi in Southern Turkey. As regards molluscs, the interesting findings include Ischnochiton usticensis in Calabria and Thordisa filix in the bay of Piran (Slovenia). The stomatopod Parasquilla ferussaci was collected from Lesvos island (Greece); the isopod Anilocra frontalis was observed parasitizing the alien Pteragogus trispilus in the Rhodes area. The asteroid Tethyaster subinermis and the butterfly ray Gymnura altavela were reported from several localities in the Greek Ionian and Aegean Seas. The new records of alien species include: the antenna codlet Bregmaceros atlanticus in Saronikos Gulf; three  new fish records and two decapods from Egypt; the establishment of the two spot cardinal fish Cheilodipterus novemstriatus and the first record of the Indo-Pacific marble shrimp Saron marmoratus in semi-dark caves along the Lebanese coastline; the finding of Lagocephalus sceleratus, Sargocentron rubrum, Fistularia commersonii and Stephanolepis diaspros around Lipsi island (Aegean Sea, Greece); the decapod Penaeus hathor in Aegean waters; the decapod Penaeus aztecus and the nudibranch Melibe viridis in the Dodecanese islands; the finding of Pinctada imbricata radiata in the Mar Grande of Taranto (Ionian Sea, Italy) and the Maliakos Gulf (Greece).
New Fisheries-related data from the Mediterranean Sea (April 2015)
Authors: KARACHLE P.K. , BAŞUSTA A. , BAŞUSTA N. , BOSTANCI D. , BUZ K. , GIRGIN H. , CHATER I. , KOKOKIRIS L. , KONTAŞ S. , KTARI M.-H. , MARAVELIAS C.D. , MINOS G. , OZER E.I. , ROMDHANI A. , TIRALONGO F. , TIBULLO D. , TSERPES G. , VASILAKOPOULOS P.
Published: June 2016

In this second Collective Article with fisheries-related data from the Mediterranean Sea we present the evaluation of bony structures in aging of Barbus tauricus, otolith dimensions-body length relationships for two species (Trachinus draco and Synchiropus phaeton), information on the growth of juvenile Thunnus thynnus and of Ruvettus pretiosus, weight-length relationships for three species (Aulopus fiamentosus, Thunnus thynnus and Tylosurus acus imperialis) and data on feeding habits and reproduction of Aulopus fiamentosus.
Age at maturity of Mediterranean marine fishes
Authors: TSIKLIRAS A. C. , STERGIOU K. I.
Published: June 2016

In this review we collected data on the age at maturity (tm) and maximum reported age (tmax) for 235 stocks of Mediterranean marine fishes, belonging to 82 species, 37 families, 12 orders and 2 classes (Actinopterygii and Elasmobranchii). Among Actinopterygii (mean tm ± SD = 2.20 ± 1.43 y, n = 215), tm ranged from 0.3 y, for the common goby Pomatoschistus microps, to 12 y, for dusky grouper Epinephelus marginatus, while among Elasmobranchii (mean tm ± SD = 5.94 ± 2.47 y, n = 20), tm ranged between 2.7 y, for brown ray Raja miraletus, and 12 y for picked dogfish Squalus acanthias. Overall, the tmax ranged between 1 y, for transparent goby Aphia minuta, and 70 y, for wreckfish Polyprion americanus. The mean tmax of Actinopterygii (tmax ± SD = 10.14 ± 9.42 y) was lower than that of Elasmobranchii (tmax ± SD = 14.05 ± 8.47 y). The tm exhibited a strong positive linear relation with tmax for both Actinopterygii (logtm = 0.58 ´ logtmax – 0.25, r2 = 0.51, P < 0.001) and Elasmobranchii (logtm = 0.67 ´ logtmax – 0.006, r2 = 0.51, P = 0.007). The mean tm/tmax did not differ significantly with sex within Actinopterygii (ANOVA: F = 0.27, P = 0.60, n = 90; females: mean ± SD = 0.276 ± 0.143; males: mean ± SD = 0.265 ± 0.138) and Elasmobranchii (ANOVA: F = 1.44, P = 0.25, n = 10; females: mean ± SD = 0.499 ± 0.166; males: mean ± SD = 0.418 ± 0.133). Finally, the dimensionless ratio tm/tmax was significantly lower (ANOVA: F = 31.04, P < 0.001) for Actinopterygii (mean ± SD = 0.270 ± 0.135, n = 180) than for Elasmobranchii, (mean ± SD = 0.458 ± 0.152, n = 20), when stocks with combined sexes were excluded from the analysis.
Space-time variation of ciliates related to environmental factors in 15 nearshore stations of the Gulf of Gabes
Authors: ELLOUMI J. , DRIRA Z. , HAMZA A. , AYADI H.
Published: June 2016

Diversity and structure of ciliate communities in the Gulf of Gabes (Tunisia) were investigated based on a survey of 15 nearshore stations along 237 Km, by monthly sampling over a 1-year. Ciliated protozoa were identiﬁed to genus and/or species level and enumerated. Statistic tools were used to explain the ciliates assemblage. High ciliates species richness from 133 taxa was recorded, including new records of 76 species. This study showed a longitudinal distribution of ciliate communities, which are organized in northern stations (from Tabia to Harbor of Gabes) and southern stations (from Zarrat to Jabiat Haj Ali). The number of taxa increased significantly in northern stations but decreased in the southern. This distribution was mainly influenced by the salinity and phytoplankton abundance. Ciliate taxa were grouped into fives size-classes: 15-30 µm, 30-50 µm, 50-100 µm, 100-200 µm and >200 µm. In terms of abundance, most abundant size groups were small ciliates (15-30 μm) accounted from 15 to 79 %, while the greatest biomass contribution came from the 50-100 μm size classes. We thus conclude high diversity of ciliates communities that showed a geographical distribution influenced by abiotic and biotic factors along the coast of Gulf of Gabes.
Life-history traits of a commercial ray, Raja brachyura from the central western Mediterranean Sea
Authors: PORCU C. , BELLODI A. , CANNAS R. , MARONGIU M. F. , MULAS A. , FOLLESA M. C.
Published: June 2016

In the present study the life history of blonde ray Raja brachyura from Sardinian waters (central-western Mediterranean) was investigated and the results compared with previously published data on this species. The age, growth and reproduction were studied using 1792 specimens caught between 2005 and 2013. Females ranged from 13.1 to 105.5 cm in Total length (TL) and males from 18 to 96.5 cm TL. This species was sexually dimorphic, with TL females attaining a larger size than males. Both females and males showed allometric growth (b>3) and we found significant differences in the relationship between length and weight among sexes. The von Bertalanffy growth function (3 parameters), which provided the following values: L∞ = 111.14 cm TL, k = 0.10 and t0 = -1.3 for females, and L∞ = 108.81 cm TL, k = 0.11 and t0 = -1.2 for males, was the best-fit age model. R. brachyura showed a relatively slow growth rate with males slightly more rapid than females. Length and age at maturity were 87.2 cm and 14 years for females and 80.8 cm and 10 years for males. This ray exhibited a restricted reproductive cycle from late May to August, confirmed by the seasonal evolution of GSI values. Ovarian fecundity reached a maximum of 44 yolked follicles. Given the relative abundance in the Sardinian seas, it is hoped that the results can be useful in the implementation of basic management measures in order to ensure the sustainability of catches of this species in the Mediterranean Sea.
Comparison between the sponge fauna living outside and inside the coralligenous bioconstruction. A quantitative approach
Authors: CALCINAI B. , BERTOLINO M. , BAVESTRELLO G. , MONTORI S. , MORI M. , PICA D. , VALISANO L. , CERRANO C.
Published: June 2016

Coralligenous habitat results from a multi-stratified accumulation of crustose coralline algae and animal builders in a dynamic equilibrium with disruptive agents. The result is a complex architecture crossed by crevices and holes. Due to this three-dimensional structure, coralligenous may host a rich and diversified fauna, more abundant than any other Mediterranean habitat. Unfortunately, very few data are available about the cryptic fauna that lives inside the conglomerate. As already reported for coral reefs, the cryptic fauna plays an important role in the exchange of material and energy between water column and benthic assemblages. Here we compare the sponge community present inside and outside the coralligenous framework of Portofino Promontory (Ligurian Sea) at different depths (15 and 30 meters) not only in terms of taxonomic diversity but for the first time also in term of biomass. Sponges present on the surface of each block were collected, weighed and identified; after blocks dissolution in HCl, target cryptic sponges were separated from other organisms, weighed, and identified. We recorded a total of 62 sponge species. The average number of sponge taxa occurring outside the coralligenous accretions is lower than the number of taxa identified inside. This pattern is confirmed also regarding sponge biomass. These results underlines that studies focused on coralligenous functioning should take in account the important contribution of cryptic fauna, as recently evidenced also for tropical reef habitats.
Distribution of marine viruses in the Central and South Adriatic Sea
Authors: ORDULJ M. , KRSTULOVIĆ N. , ŠANTIĆ D. , JOZIĆ S. , ŠOLIĆ Μ.
Published: June 2016

The seasonal distribution of marine viruses and their relationship with heterotrophic bacteria in the coastal and offshore area of the central and southern Adriatic were studied. Additionally, the percentage of high (HNA) and low (LNA) nucleic acid bacteria between the total number of bacteria and the distribution of heterotrophic nanoflagellates (HNF) as a major predator of bacteria were studied as well. The viral abundance ranged from 3.55 to 27.32 × 106 virus-like particles mL-1, and was on average 25-fold higher than bacterial abundances at all investigated stations. The highest viral abundances were found at coastal stations, especially in the area influenced by the rivers Krka and Jadro, whereas the lowest values were found in the open sea and in the coastal area of the southern Adriatic. No significant difference in relationship of viruses with HNA and LNA bacterial groups were established. The ratio between viruses and bacteria (VBR) was higher during the colder part of the year, which coincided with lower HNF abundance and vice versa during the warmer part of the year. This suggests that HNF grazing could be more important in controlling bacterial abundance during the warmer part of the year, and viral lysis during the colder part of the year.
Highly polymorphic microsatellite markers for the Mediterranean endemic fan mussel Pinna nobilis
Authors: GONZALEZ-WANGUEMERT M. , COSTA J. , BASSO L. , DUARTE C. , SERRÃO E. , HENDRIKS I.
Published: June 2016

Pinna nobilis is an endemic bivalve of the Mediterranean Sea whose populations have decreased in the last decades due to human pressure; as consequence, it was declared a protected species in 1992. Despite its conservation status, few genetic studies using mitochondrial markers have been published. We report on the isolation and development of 10 microsatellite loci for the fan mussel, Pinna nobilis. All loci (2 di-nucleotide, 5 tri-nucleotide, 2 tetra-nucleotide and 1 penta-nucleotide) are characterized by high polymorphism levels in 76 individuals tested from two populations in Balearic Islands (Spain, Western Mediterranean Sea). Number of alleles ranged from 4 to 24 and expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.4269 to 0.9400. These microsatellites could be very useful to assess the genetic diversity and connectivity patterns of P. nobilis and to establish new conservation strategies.
Blood loss predictive factors and transfusion practice during percutaneous nephrolithotomy of kidney stones: a prospective study
Authors: Syahputra Firtantyo Adi , Birowo Ponco , Rasyid Nur , Matondang Faisal Abdi , Noviandrini Endrika , Huseini Maruto Harjanggi
Published: June 2016

Objectives

Bleeding is the most common complication of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). Injudicious transfusion is frequently performed in current practice, even though it is not always needed. This study aimed to identify the predictive factors of blood loss in the PCNL procedure and evaluate the perioperative transfusion practice.

Methods

A prospective study of PCNL was randomly performed by two consultants of endo-urology at our institution. The inclusion criteria were adults with kidney pelvic stones >20 mm or stone in inferior calyx >10 mm or staghorn stone. Those with coagulopathy, under anti-coagulant treatment or open conversion were excluded. A full blood count was taken at baseline and during 12, 24, 36, 72-hours post-operatively. Factors such as stone burden, sex, body surface area, shifting of hematocrit level and amount of blood transfused were analyzed statistically using line regression to identify the predictive factors of total blood loss (TBL).

 

Results

Eighty-five patients were enrolled in this study. Mean TBL was 560.92 ± 428.43 mL for both endo-urology surgeons. Stone burden was the most influential factor for TBL (p=0.037). Our results revealed that TBL (mL) = -153.379 + 0.229 × stone burden (mm2) + 0.203 x baseline serum hematocrit (%); thus considerably predicted the need for blood transfusion. A total of 87.1% patients did not receive perioperative transfusion, 3.5% received intra-operative transfusion, 7.1% received post-operative transfusion, 23% had both intra and post-operative transfusion, resulting in a cross-matched transfusion ratio of 7.72. Mean perioperative blood transfused was 356.00 ± 145.88 mL.
O estudo de organizações culturais: considerando outras possibilidades
Authors: Parada Adalto Aires , Dellagnelo Eloise Helena Livramento
Published: June 2016

Alguns autores como Ramos (1981) e Santos (2002) chamam a atenção para a necessidade de se buscar por outras formas de se conduzir os estudos acerca das organizações, em especial em se considerar outras realidades, não se fazendo uso tão somente de teorias consagradas empregadas na análise de organizações formais, baseadas na lógica de mercado, em que o que se busca é a máxima eficiência, com o foco nos fins sem se considerar os meios. Dentro desse contexto o objetivo deste artigo é de apresentar uma proposta de análise organizacional que considere outras realidades, as organizações culturais isonômicas e fenonômicas. Para tal se apoia na teoria de Guerreiro Ramos (1981) da delimitação dos sistemas sociais e a lei dos requisitos adequados, apresentando uma proposta de quadro de análise que permita tanto o estudo de organizações econômicas, como fenonômicas e isonômicas, servindo como instrumento heurístico para o raciocínio acerca dessas organizações.
Empreendedorismo educacional: reflexões para um ensino docente diferenciado
Authors: Guimarães Jairo De Carvalho , Lima Marcos Antonio Martins
Published: June 2016

O ensaio tem como objetivo descrever as medidas no âmbito das universidades públicas no tocante ao cotidiano da prática docente que tenham como referência os fatores unificadores da iniciativa empreendedora, em especial nos Cursos de Administração. Não é de hoje que a relação ensino-aprendizagem na academia tem sido pautada por processos construídos sob a atmosfera do empreendedorismo, analisados sob diversos aspectos: criação, inovação, revolução, recontextualização, proatividade, comprometimento, dedicação, motivação, riscos. Sob este signo, propugna-se neste trabalho que é possível desempenhar procedimentos didático-pedagógicos orientados pelo composto de elementos que designam a ação empreendedora, mesmo considerando as implicações e ambiguidades presentes no ambiente universitário, no qual normalmente vetores ideológicos e corporativistas tendem a bloquear as prerrogativas docentes de espontaneamente decidir promover uma educação inclusiva, revisitada e capaz de reposicionar o Ensino Superior em patamares mais elevados. Autores como Hoy e Miskel (2015), Hengemühle (2014) e Hartman (2015) apoiam os propósitos do trabalho.
CLINICAL AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PROGRAMS VACCINAL PREVENTION OF PNEUMOCOCCAL DISEASE IN THE AMUR REGION
Authors: Заварзина  , Zavarzina Elena , Перельман  , Perelman Yuliy , Манаков  , Manakov Leonid , Курганова  , Kurganova Olga , Тезиков  , Tezikov Nikolay , Колосов  , Kolosov Viktor , Тарасюк  , Tarasyuk Sergey
Published: June 2016

The analysis of the implementation of prevention programs, using materials and methods of epidemiological and statistical monitoring of the population incidence of pneumonia and generalized regional experience of complex of organizational, methodological and control activities to prevention of pneumococcal disease in the territory of the Amur region. Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine "Prevenar-13" and flu vaccine were used for immunization against acute respiratory viral infections and pneumococcal infection. We take into account information about the rate of pneumonia and respiratory viral infections for the period from 2010 to 2015. To assess the effectiveness of vaccination we used indicators and specific criteria. Comparative statistical analysis revealed a high degree of efficiency of the regional programs with the use of methods of pneumococcal immunization: the coefficient of efficiency of preventive vaccination reaches 75-100% using the incidence of pneumonia as indicator. The incidence of pneumonia in vaccinated contingent decreased by 2.3 times for 2 years in the region.
FEATURES OF THE RESPONSE OF THE RESPIRATORY CENTER OF NEWBORN RATS THAT WERE EXPOSED TO PRENANTAL PASSIVE SMOKING TO HYPOXIA (IN VITRO)
Authors: Зинченко  , Zinchenko Evgeniy , Болычевский  , Bolychevsky Stanislav , Мирошниченко  , Miroshnichenko Igor
Published: June 2016

It is expected that in neonates that underwent prenatal chronic effect of nicotine the identification of the reduction of intensiveness of respiratory response to hypoxic exposure may be the cause of sudden infant death. The effect of cigarette smoke may differ from the effect of nicotine. The study was performed on brain stem spinal cord preparations (BSS) in the brain of newborn rats (n=38) in vitro. In the experimental group (EG) the modeling of passive smoking was carried out by fumigation of cigarette smoke of rat females from the 1st to 20th day of gestation. Hypoxia was simulated by an artificial cerebrospinal fluid saturated with a gas mixture of 5% CO2 and 95% N2. Hypoxic depression of BSS respiratory rhythm of the control group (CG) occurred at the 5th minute; the restoration took place in 10 minutes at normoxia, at the same time there was an increase of the amplitude of the inspiratory discharges which did not return to baseline values (15 minutes). In preparations of CG at the 10th minute of hypoxia the duration of inspiratory discharges decreased and restored after 10 minutes at normoxia. The increase of the ratio of the power of low-frequency and medium-frequency oscillations was observed in the CG at the 15th minute of hypoxia with the restoration during 10 minutes. In the experimental group (EG) the increase of the duration of the respiratory cycle occurred at the 10th minute of hypoxia with the dynamics of recovery similar to that of CG. The increase of the amplitude of inspiratory discharges occurred at the 10th minute of hypoxia; a recovery period took 10 minutes. In the BSS of EG the reduction in the duration of the inspiratory discharges and the increase of the ratio of the power oscillations of low- and mid-range occurred at the 5th and 10th minutes of hypoxia and these parameters never returned to baseline values. Our data suggest that prenatal exposure to secondhand smoke has an effect on the mechanisms of central chemosensitivity in the offspring in the early postnatal period.
MITOCHONDRIAL DYSFUNCTION IN CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE
Authors: Антонюк  , Antonyuk Marina , Виткина  , Vitkina Tatyana , Новгородцева  , Novgorodtseva Tatyana , Денисенко  , Denisenko Yuliya , Жукова  , Zhukova Natalya
Published: June 2016

The aim is to study structural and functional condition of cell mitochondrial apparatus for evaluating the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMР) and the fatty acids (FA) composition of mitochondrial membranes of blood cells in patients with COPD; to establish the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in the mechanism of COPD. The study involved 27 patients with mild COPD, 21 with moderate COPD of a stable course, and 20 healthy people. MMР of leukocytes was assessed with cytofluorimetry. The composition of FA of mitochondrial membranes was studied with gas-liquid chromatography. As a result of the study it was found out that the worsening of the disease (moderate COPD) leads to the increase of the number of white blood cells with reduced MMP and appearance of deficit of the saturated monoenic and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in the membrane of mitochondria. The revealed changes in the structural and functional state of mitochondria show a violation in energetic activity, membrane permeability and transport of substances, which is a sign of the formation of mitochondrial dysfunction and cell hypoxia development at respiratory diseases.
СIRCADIAN RHYTHMS OF BLOOD GAS IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE
Authors: Горячева  , Goryacheva Svetlana , Приходько  , Prikhodko Olga , Кострова  , Kostrova Irina , Войцеховский  , Voytsekhovskiy Valeriy
Published: June 2016

Chronobiological aspects of blood gas composition in 24 patients with COPD were studied. To achieve this goal, the gas composition of the arterialized capillary blood simultaneously with the investigation of respiratory function was studied with an interval of 6 hours over 2 days. In healthy individuals and patients with mild COPD two types of gas composition of blood biorhythm – daytime and nighttime – were found. In patients with moderate, severe and very severe disease 3 types of biorhythm of partial oxygen and carbon dioxide tension – morning time, noontime and evening time were registered. In healthy individuals and patients with mild COPD gas composition of blood was characterized by significant degrees of freedom in relation to functioning of the respiratory system, which indicated the stored processes of adaptation to changing conditions of the external and internal environment. In patients with moderate, severe and very severe COPD at the moment of acrophase of circadian rhythm of lung function maximum partial oxygen pressure in the arterialized capillary blood was observed. During the batiphaze of circadian rhythm of the respiratory system the highest values of the partial carbon dioxide tension were revealed. Thus, it was found out that with the growth of the severity of the disease in patients with COPD abnormal rhythms of blood gas composition are registered; the dependence of circadian rhythm of blood gas composition on the functioning of the respiratory apparatus increases.
SYSTEM INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE AT THE EXACERBATION OF CHRONIC SIMPLE BRONCHITIS CAUSED BY INFLUENZA VIRUS B IN WOMEN IN THE FIRST TRIMESTER OF PREGNANCY
Authors: Смирнова  , Smirnova Tatyana , Резник  , Reznik Vadim , Одиреев  , Odireev Andrey , Гориков  , Gorikov Igor , Нахамчен  , Nakhamchen Leonid , Колосов  , Kolosov Viktor , Колосов  , Kolosov Artem
Published: June 2016

The contents of anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory cytokines in 95 women in the first trimester of gestation were studied. The first (control) group included 25 women with physiologic course of pregnancy; the second group consisted of 25 patients with exacerbation of chronic simple bronchitis caused by influenza virus B (antibody titers were 1:16-1:64); the third group consisted of 24 pregnant women with exacerbation of chronic simple bronchitis under influenza virus В (antibody titers were 1:32-1:128); the fourth group consisted of 21 women with exacerbation of chronic simple bronchitis induced by influenza virus B (antibody titers were 1:64-1:256) at early stages of gestation. In the patients of the second group in comparison with the patients of the first group there was an increase of IL-4 till 19.7±2.17 pg/ml, of TNF-α till 33.4±3.09 pg/ml and of INF-γ till 30.9±2.64 pg/ml (in the control it was 12.9±1.16 pg/ml, р<0.01; 24.7±2.27 pg/ml, р<0.05 and 22.3±2.08 pg/ml, р<0.05, respectively). In the third group in comparison with the second group there was no growth of anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory cytokines. In the fourth group in comparison with the second group there was the biggest increase of IL-4 till 27.7±2.42 pg/ml (р<0.05), of TNF-α till 43.6±2.79 pg/ml (p<0.05) and of INF-γ till 40.7±2.96 pg/ml (p<0.05). This suggest the paramount importance of the growth of anti-virus antibodies titers in the pathogenesis of exacerbation of chronic simple bronchitis under influenza virus B in women at early stages of gestation.
MODELS OF THERAPEUTIC INTERACTION BETWEEN DOCTORS AND PATIENTS
Authors: Боговин  , Bogovin Larisa , Колосов  , Kolosov Viktor
Published: June 2016

The effectiveness of medical care in most cases depends on the quality of informational exchange between the doctor and the patient. Often, selected models of the therapeutic interaction, which are the basis for the doctor-patient relationship and form a common psychological background of this communication are very important. The article presents a brief review of the main models of the therapeutic interaction in the foreign and domestic literature. Also we determined the most preferable of them. We showed the important role of doctor’s communicative competence, as well as the fact that possession of communicative skills allow them to solve medical-diagnostic and organizational problems more effectively while treating the patient. Also we studied the main components of effective interaction, promoting the formation of trust between the patient and the doctor.
Theoretical investigation of high-speed heating process in surface layer of grey iron
Authors: Семенова Юлия , Semyonova Yuliya , Рахимянов Андрей , Rakhimyanov Andrey , Никитин Юрий , Nikitin Yuriy , Рахимянов Харис , Rakhimyanov Kharis , Еремина Анна , Eremina Anna
Published: June 2016

In the paper there is shown the topicality of theoretical researches of processes arising in a surface layer of materials at combined machining methods. The peculiarities of thermal processes development in a surface layer of grey iron at high speed heating are considered. On the basis of the solution of a thermal conductivity differential equation the influence of heat source parameters (heat flow density, coefficient of concentration and movement speed) upon characteristics of a temperature field in a surface layer of material worked. The quantitative correlations of dimensions of an area of phase changes in a surface layer at a constant value of heat flow density and at the ensuring of constancy of maximum temperature value on the surface worked are determined. The characteristics correlation of a temperature field at the change of a coefficient of concentration and flow density of a heat source is revealed.
MODERN METHODS AND POTENTIAL OF ETIOLOGIC VERIFICATION OF BRONCHOPULMONARY DISEASES IN CHILDREN
Authors: Холодок  , Kholodok Galina , Морозова  , Morozova Nina
Published: June 2016

Main modern methods of etiological diagnosis of respiratory diseases in children according to national and foreign literature were studied. Relevant pathogens of pneumonia in children were presented. Diagnostic value and prospect of molecular diagnostic methods, i.e. PCR and PCR-real-time were demonstrated. The estimation of the possibility of their use in clinical bacteriological laboratory was done. It was shown that the use of "gold standard", i.e. sputum (bronchoalveolar lavage) bacteriological studies by the standard method remains relevant and accessible and serves as a source of important information about local drug resistance of the main causative agent of pneumonia – Streptococcus pneumoniae.
Peculiarities in use of cutting- electromotive force signal under conditions of computer-aided machine manufacturing
Authors: Сергеев Александр , Sergeyev Aleksandr , Плотников Александр , Plotnikov Aleksandr , Тихонова Жанна , Tikhonova Zhanna
Published: June 2016

In the paper there is considered a problem of properties heterogeneity in a terminal pair under conditions of computer-aided manufacturing. It is emphasized that this circumstance results in decrease of stability and quality of machining on the whole. The existence of tolerances for the content of chemical elements in steel is caused by a complexity in control of metallurgical processes.

It is offered to use a parameter of thermo-electromotive force of a terminal pair “tool-blank” obtained in strictly definite modes of a calibrating cut for the further definition and optimization of cutting modes for machining. Drawbacks and possible variants for their solution at the realization of a method to measure cutting-electromotive force under production conditions are emphasized. A complex approach to the assessment of the influence of cutter geometrical parameters and technological factors of production upon the value of a thermo-electromotive force signal of a natural thermocouple “tool-part” is presented. It is established experimentally the influence of the antiwear coating state upon a thermo-electromotive force signal.
Scientifically substantiated definition of quality optimum parameters for surface layer low-rigid shafts at centrifugal runningin
Authors: Зайдес С. , Zaides S. , Горбунов А. , Gorbunov A.
Published: June 2016

A surface layer and a cold-hardening depth as basic parameters ensuring quality of low-rigid shafts are analyzed. A value of an interference area depending on a grain size which is a criterion for the definition of strengthened layer depth is established. The experimental results on the definition of quality basic parameters for a surface layer at the strengthening for the depth of an interference area are shown.
Quality increase in assembly joints of mechanical engineering objects by ultrasonic vibrations superposition
Authors: Малкина Ирина , Malkina Irina
Published: June 2016

This paper reports the problem of quality increase in the assembly of riveted connections. The basic methods for the creation of permanent connections are considered, the computation procedures for durability are analyzed, advantages and disadvantages of hot and cold riveting are revealed. A basic part of the paper deals with of common assembly processes updating. In particular, to the introduction of ultrasonic vibrations in the area of a contact of parts surfaces when together with basic motions envisaged by a technological scheme of assembly the vibrations of ultrasonic frequency are imparted to the parts additionally.

The author shows the main positive results obtained due to the introduction of an ultrasonic method of product processing: the improvement of a surface layer quality in a product, increase of fatigue resistance, contact endurance, contact rigidity and machine parts and tool wear resistance.

In the experimental part there are considered three different procedures of USC feed in the area of rivet head formation. The diagrams of value changes in static efforts of rivet material deformation caused by oscillation amplitude of the end of a thickener are shown.