bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Venom from Three Viper Taxa: Evaluating Software-Specific Protein and Peptide Profiles
Authors: Malheiro Bruno , Karış Mert , Göçmen Bayram , Nalbantsoy Ayse , Vitorino Rui
Published: November 2024

Snake venom is increasingly recognised in biomedical research as a potential source of relevant proteins that are still relatively unknown in various species. In this experiment, we performed proteomic quantification and identification of the venomic profile of three viper taxa: Montivipera blugardaghica subsp. bulgardaghica (MB), Vipera ammodytes subsp. montandoni (VA) and Vipera kaznakovi (KV); and compared the performance of three peptide identification software: PEAKS, MaxQuant and Proteome Discoverer. Overall, PEAKS identified 19 unique proteins (19 in MB, 11 in VA and 19 for KV) and 125 unique peptides (55 in MB, 35 in VA and 63 for KV); MaxQuant identified 577 unique proteins (234 in MB, 275 in VA and 297 for KV) and 1233 unique peptides (518 in MB, 647 in VA and 642 for KV); Proteome Discoverer identified 621 unique proteins (310 in MB, 248 for VA and 346 for VK) and 1657 unique peptides (894 in MB, 830 in VA and 1041 for VK). The three software shared 5 identified proteins and 67 peptides; PEAKS shared 6 proteins and 69 peptides with MaxQuant and 6 proteins and 79 peptides with Proteome Discoverer; MaxQuant shared 139 proteins and 781 peptides with Proteome Discoverer. All identified proteins were categorised into families for each taxon and then compared with the existing literature. This revealed significant discrepancies in the results between the software and the reviewed literature. Overall, PEAKS performed very poorly, while MaxQuant and Proteome Discoverer performed best for both protein and peptide identification, with the latter software being particularly noteworthy.
Weak emissive D-O-A organic phosphor: exceptional matrix-free sensitization in MR-TADF OLEDs
Authors: Ding Junqiao , Xu Lulin , Xiao Shuai , Yang Ying , Su Ning , Shi Changsheng , Ding Huaiyi , Sun Ning , Ding Liming
Published: November 2024

D-O-A organic phosphors showing strong aggregation-induced room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) have been successfully demonstrated as the ideal matrix-free sensitizers for MR-TADF OLEDs. However, weak emissive ones still remain unexplored according to a habitual thinking that the best sensitizer should be the best emitter. Herein, a poor RTP emitter named RTP-D3 is newly developed based on carbazole as the donor, triazine as the acceptor and oxygen as the bridge. In spite of the extremely low photoluminescence quantum yield, RTP-D3 can sensitize the terminal MR-TADF molecules effectively and universally because of favored intermolecular interactions and thus a balanced charge transport. Consequently, high performance sky-blue, green and red narrowband electroluminescence is realized together with a state-of-art external quantum efficiency of 22.2% (49.2 cd/A, 55.2 lm/W), 31.5% (105.1 cd/A, 113.9 lm/W) and 29.7% (55.4 cd/A, 66.9 lm/W) as well as Commission Internationale de l’Eclairage (CIE) coordinates of (0.12, 0.48), (0.26, 0.70) and (0.61, 0.39), respectively. The exceptional results break a conventional blind spot about RTP sensitizer, highlighting that the less emissive D-O-A organic phosphors are also suitable for the best matrix-free sensitization in MR-TADF OLEDs.
The Relationship between Bank Credit and Economic Growth in Vietnam
Authors: Duc Huu
Published: November 2024

This research investigates how commercial bank credit to the private sector influences economic growth in Vietnam from a supply-side perspective. Using Johansen co-integration and Error Correction Models on time series data from 2005 to 2021, the study finds that bank credit positively affects Vietnamese economic growth in the long term. However, in the short term, there is a feedback effect from economic growth to private sector credit. Specifically, a 1 percentage point increase in real private sector credit leads to a 0.40 percentage point rise in real GDP in the long run. These results suggest that policymakers should prioritize long-term strategies to foster economic growth, such as developing a modern banking sector, creating an efficient financial market, and improving infrastructure to boost private sector credit, which is crucial for long-term growth.
Comparison of Ischemia Modified Albumin Levels in Serum and Follicular Fluid of Infertile Patients with PCOS and without PCOS and the Outcome of IVF Results
Authors: Dursun Neslihan , Acet Ferruh , Atlıhan Ufuk , Göker Ege Nazan Tavmergen , Tavmergen Erol
Published: November 2024

Objective:
To compare the ischemia modified albumin (IMA) levels in the serum and follicular fluid of infertile patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and without PCOS, and their IVF outcomes.
Material and Method:
We conducted a prospective cohort study with patients undergoing IVF treatment at Ege University IVF Center during 2021 and 2023. Blood and follicular fluid samples were collected from a total of 113 infertile women with PCOS (n = 56) and without PCOS (n = 57). The samples were centrifuged and stored at -80 0C at the Ege University Department of Biochemistry laboratories. The serum and follicular fluid IMA levels of these patients and their IVF outcomes were compared.
Results:
No statistically significant difference was found between the two groups when compared for mean age, body mass index (BMI) and duration of infertility (p = 0.075, 0.073 and 0.479 respectively). The IVF results showed statistically significant differences. Although the number of oocytes retrieved and number of embryos were higher in the PCOS group (p value < 0.001 and 0.013, respectively), the recombinant FSH dose used for ovulation induction was lower in PCOS group (p < 0.001) than non-PCOS group. Serum IMA levels in PCOS patients were found to be lower than the control group, but this difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.16). Follicular fluid IMA values were found to be lower in the PCOS group than the control group, while the difference was statistically significant (p = 0.031). Considering the pregnancy results, biochemical pregnancy, clinical pregnancy, and ongoing pregnancy rates in the non-PCOS group was higher than the PCOS group, although the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.08, 0.29, 0.18 respectively).
Conclusion:
The results of studies comparing serum IMA values of PCOS and non-PCOS cases are conflicting. In our study, we found that the serum and follicular fluid IMA levels in non-PCOS group were higher than the PCOS group. Biochemical, clinical and ongoing pregnancy rates were found higher in the non-PCOS group when compared to the PCOS group.
Proactive Analysis of Encrypted Execution Paths for Ransomware Detection Using Synthetic Execution Mapping
Authors: Sancarlag Helena , Featherstonehaugh Edwin , Unterberger Sophia
Published: November 2024

The increasing sophistication of malicious software means the need of the development of advanced detection mechanisms capable of addressing encrypted and obfuscated threats. The Synthetic Execution Mapping (SEM) framework leverages novel techniques to simulate and analyze the execution dynamics of malicious code within a controlled environment. Behavioral patterns, reconstructed through graph-based algorithms and entropy-based analysis, enable the identification of operational anomalies indicative of malicious activity. Probabilistic modeling enhances detection accuracy through the prediction of execution behaviors across a wide range of scenarios. The framework demonstrates high adaptability in identifying polymorphic threats, achieving significant reductions in false-positive rates across diverse environments. Modular and scalable design elements support seamless integration into enterprise systems, ensuring efficient processing of large datasets without compromising performance. Experimental evaluations confirm the robustness of SEM, with consistent detection accuracy exceeding 90\% across ransomware families. Computational efficiency and low memory overhead highlight its suitability for real-world applications where resource constraints often limit the efficacy of traditional methodologies. Insights from entropy variation and execution path analysis provide a comprehensive understanding of operational strategies used in malicious campaigns. Integration with dynamic monitoring tools further enhances the framework’s potential for proactive threat management. Through its innovative approach, SEM addresses critical gaps in the detection landscape and offers a viable solution for countering evolving threats. The framework lays the groundwork for future advancements in automated threat detection, demonstrating its practical value in mitigating cybersecurity risks.
АНТИЧНЫЕ БИОГРАФИИ АРИСТОТЕЛЯ
Authors: М.В. Егорочкин
Published: November 2024

Наше знание о жизни и сочинениях Аристотеля многим обязано древним биографиям философа. Одной из таких биографий является Vita Marciana. Связанная со школой Александрийских неоплатоников V–VI вв., она дошла до нас в одной единственной рукописи. Перевод этой биографии составляет центральную часть работы. Кроме него работа содержит предисловие, где дается краткий обзор античной биографической традиции о Стагирите и посвященной ей научной литературы. Особое внимание уделяется тем изменениям, которые произошли в этой области за последние полтора столетия. В заключение приводится справка о рукописи и изданиях Vita Marciana. Примечания к переводу, в свою очередь, призваны прояснить наиболее трудные места биографии.
(ПРЕДИСЛОВИЕ К ПЕРЕВОДУ)
Authors: И.В. Пролыгина
Published: November 2024

Во второй части трактата Медицинское искусство Гален завершает свое рассуждение о признаках болезни, здоровья и безразличного состояния человека и переходит к учению о причинах. Трактат заканчивается библиографическим описанием сочинений Галена, которое призвано помочь читателю выбрать в его огромном корпусе необходимый материал по отдельным дисциплинам медицинского искусства.
СЕВЕР ЕВРАЗИИВ СРЕДНЕВЕКОВОЙАРАБСКОЙ ГЕОГРАФИИ
Authors: И.Г. Коновалова
Published: November 2024

В статье рассматриваются сообщения арабских географов IX–XIV вв. о крайнем севере Евразийского континента и о пути по северным морям из Европы в Китай и обратно. Анализ сведений арабских ученых в контексте античной географической традиции о северных районах ойкумены позволяет выявить как их источники, так и пути дальнейшего развития представлений, заимствованных исламскими географами у античных авторов. В сообщениях арабских географов прослеживаются две линии, обе из которых развивают идеи античной географии. Первая из них продолжает традицию Птолемея, полагавшего, что моря, которые омывают северо-западную часть Евразии, не соединялись с морями, расположенными на востоке. В наиболее последовательном виде эти представления развивались в рамках математического (астрономического) направления арабской географии. Ученые же, работавшие в жанре описательной географии, опирались на другую античную традицию, согласно которой земля была со всех сторон окружена океаном, что делало возможным плавание по северным морям из Китая в Европу и обратно. Предпринятая ал-Идриси попытка внесения птолемеевских идей в жанр описательной географии привела к тому, что и в текстовой части сочинения, и на картах ал-Идриси изображение морей Северной Евразии приобрело противоречивый характер, то допуская возможность прямого маршрута по северным морям, то, напротив, исключая ее.

The paper deals with the messages of Arab geographers of the IXth – XIVth centuries on the extreme north of the Eurasian continent and on the way by the northern seas from Europe to China and back. Analysis of the messages of the Arab scholars in the context of Ancient geographical tradition about the northern parts of the ecumene allows to reveal their sources, and the further development of ideas borrowed by Islamic geographers from the writings of Ancient authors. Reports of Arab geographers allow to trace two lines, both of which develop the ideas of Ancient geography. The first one continues the tradition of Ptolemy, who believed that the sea that washed the north-western part of Eurasia, was not connected with the seas, located in the east of the continent. The most consistent form of these ideas was developed in the framework of mathematical (astronomical) direction of the Arab geography. In contrast, representatives of the genre of descriptive geography relied on another ancient tradition according to which the earth was surrounded on all sides by the ocean, making it possible to sail through the northern seas from China to Europe and back. An attempt undertaken by al-Idrisi to introduce Ptolemaic ideas into the genre of descriptive geography has led to the fact that both in the text of al-Idrisi and on his maps the image of the seas of Northern Eurasia has become controversial, sometimes allowing the possibility of a direct route through the northern seas, or on the contrary, sometimes excluding it.
ВАРВАРСКИЙ МИРВ ПРЕДСТАВЛЕНИИ ЧЕЛОВЕКАВАРВАРСКОГО МИРА
Authors: В.П. Буданова
Published: November 2024

Статья посвящена проблеме миропонимания и мироощущения человека варварского мира. В транзитивную эпоху II–VII вв. выходцы из европейского варварского мира, представители его так называемой элиты, варвары-германцы формировали портрет и образ своего мира, выражая его систему ценностей и ментальных установок.
ИДЕНТИТАРНЫЕ ПРОЦЕССЫ В СРЕДНЕВЕКОВОМ УЭЛЬСЕТЕРМИНОЛОГИЯ, ДИСКУРСЫ И СИТУАЦИЯ БИЛИНГВИЗМА
Authors: С.Е. Федоров
Published: November 2024

Статья посвящена анализу идентитарных процессов, протекавших в средневековом Уэльсе в условиях активного для местного населения билингвизма. Автор стремится определить семантическое поле обозначения «Kymry», а также используемых за пределами этой традиции латинских определений. Обращая внимание на полисемию термина, автор подчеркивает наличие тенденции на последовательное разграничение вернакулярных и ориентированных на латинские определения языковых ресурсов и как результат – формирующихся на их основе дискурсов. Практики, отталкивавшиеся от такого разграничения, акцентировали его как принципиальное, но неизбежно адаптировались к условиям активного для этого региона двуязычия. В основанных на противоположных приоритетах дискурсах возникали поясняющие такие разграничения лексические комбинации, а традиции в свою очередь могли переплетаться. Когда такого рода пояснения несли в себе значения внешнего характера (к примеру, производную от wēalas терминологию), возникающий таким образом эффект свидетельствовал о дискурсивной аккультурации образованной части туземного населения, но не затрагивал при этом свойственные «валлийскому» дискурсу бриттские акценты.

The evidence of written records and literary texts reveals a complex network of cultural and linguistic negotiations in Medieval Wales and England, in which the terms of ethnicity and subsequent discourses were formed and furthered. Diglossic combinations played a role of a crucial indicator of binary split between the vernacular and Latin languages resources. Bilingualism, which indicates the native viewpoint on ethnicity and occupied territory, is hard to separate from a more general historical context where instead of the absent terms “Wales” and “the Welsh” prevailed the “Britain” and the “Britons”. Aimed at analysis of the semantic field of “Kymry”, the article concentrates on formation of both the vernacular and Latin discourses and shows how through their interaction its meaning was crystalized. Treating British rhetoric as pervading much of the corpus of vernacular literature, the author underlines that ethnic and territorial definitions became clearer only after an introduction of wēalas based terminology. Limited to the exterior discourse these clarified meanings were not overriding and did not cross its line.
ОБРАЗЫ ВЕЧНОГО В РАННЕЙ ГРЕЧЕСКОЙ МЫСЛИ
Authors: А.А. Плешков
Published: November 2024

В статье рассматриваются ключевые образы вечного, характерные для ранней греческой мысли: время богов, темпоральный статус закономерностей природы, мемориализация славных деяний прошлого. Наряду с философскими фрагментами анализируются поэтические, исторические, драматические произведения, в которых впервые была артикулирована проблематика временно́го и вечного. Экспликация и анализ этих образов представляется весьма важной задачей как для общего понимания картины мира древних греков, так и для дальнейшей разработки проблематики вечного в рамках философии, истории идей и интеллектуальной истории.

The article discusses the key images of eternal which are typical for early Greek thought: the time of gods, the temporal status of the laws of nature, and the memorialization of the glorious deeds of the past. Along with the philosophical fragments, poetic, historical, and dramatic works are analyzed. Here the problematics of temporality and eternity was articulated for the first time. Thus, the explication of inherent images of eternal is extremely important for an understanding of ancient Greeks’ worldview, and for the further development of the concept of eternity in philosophy, history of ideas and intellectual history.
КУЛЬТУРНАЯ СРЕДАКАК ФАКТОР ИННОВАЦИОННОГО РАЗВИТИЯЧТО ОБЪЕДИНЯЕТ «КРЕМНИЕВУЮ ДОЛИНУ» И ГОРОДАСОВЕТСКОГО АТОМНОГО ПРОЕКТА
Authors: Н.Ю. Замятина
Published: November 2024

Проведено сравнение культурной среды в территориальных сообществах, связанных с передовыми научно-исследовательскими разработками своего времени: «Кремниевой долины» в США (с 1940-х до 1980-х гг.) и в КБ-11 (будущий Саров) в первые годы реализации советского атомного проекта. Выявлены неожиданные сходства в их культуре поведения: широкое распространение неформальных контактов (что обеспечивало более быстрое решение нестандартных технологических проблем), смелость и одержимость работой участников проекта. Это способствует раскрытию факторов обеспечения эффективного научно-исследовательского процесса.

The article is devoted to the similarities of the cultural environment of the two territorial communities associated with the advanced scientific research: the Silicon Valley in the USA (from the 40's to the 80 years of XX century) and in KB-11 (the future of Sarov) in the first year of implementation of the Soviet atomic project. There were found some unexpected similarities in the culture of behavior of both communities such as a wide spread of informal contacts, courage and obsession with the work of the project participants. The article allows to move in the field of research most important factors in ensuring an effective innovative process.
МАСОНСКАЯ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТЬ ПРЕДСТАВИТЕЛЕЙЛИБЕРАЛЬНОЙ ОППОЗИЦИИ В РОССИИ В НАЧАЛЕ XX В.НА ПРИМЕРЕ А.И. КОНОВАЛОВА
Authors: К.П. Курылев , В.Г. Джангирян , Д.В. Станис
Published: November 2024

В статье исследуется масонская деятельность предпринимателя и политика А.И. Коновалова (1875–1948). Особое внимание уделяется верификации факта его участия в масонстве, причинам вступления в ложу и характеру участия в ней. Сделан вывод, что, вступая в масонскую ложу Коновалов стремился создать единый антиправительственный блок. Масонство в России накануне Февральской революции позволяло на нейтральной платформе и в условиях конспирации координировать деятельность оппозиции. Но уход от морально-этических исканий в сторону политической борьбы обусловил непризнание российского масонства братствами в других странах.

The article explores masonic activities of businessman and politician A.I. Konovalov (1875–1948). A good deal of attention is paid to the verification of the fact of his joining the Masons, reasons to join the lodge and the character of his participation. It has been concluded that when he joined the lodge, Konovalov’s intention was to create a united block opposed to the government. At the eve of the February Revolution, Russian freemasonry provided a neutral platform for the secret coordination of the actions of the opposition. However, the rejection of moral and ethical questions in favour of political agenda led to the situation when Russian masons were not recognized by freemasons in other countries.
ОБРАЗ ПЕРСЕФОНЫВ СТРУКТУРЕ СОЦИОКУЛЬТУРНЫХ СВЯЗЕЙДРЕВНЕГРЕЧЕСКОГО ОБЩЕСТВА
Authors: Ю.С. Обидина
Published: November 2024

В статье рассматривается миф о Персефоне в контексте социокультурных связей древнегреческого общества и общей теории мифологии, разработанной разными школами в рамках изучения феномена мифа. Образ Персефоны играл не только важнейшую роль в Элевсинских таинствах, олицетворяя отношение к смерти и надежду на будущее бессмертие, но и служил центральным звеном взаимосвязи микрокосмоса и макрокосмоса, мира людей и мира богов. Отмечается, что образ Персефоны «очеловечивал» отношения между богами, проецируя на них культурные ценности эпохи, такие как отношение к рождению и смерти, взаимоотношение между родителями и детьми, семейные ценности, установление социальных структур.

The article deals with the myth of Persephone, in the context of social and cultural relations of ancient Greek society and the general theory of mythology developed by various schools in the study of the phenomenon of myth. The author shows that the image of Persephone played not only a major role in the Eleusinian mysteries, personifying the attitude toward death and the hope of future immortality, but also served as a central element of the relationship of the world of men and the world of the gods. It is noted that the image of Persephone "humanize" the relationship between the gods, projecting to them the cultural values of the era, such as the relation to the birth and death, the relationship between parents and children, family values, the establishment of social structures.
РУКОПИСНОЕ НАСЛЕДИЕ АКАДЕМИКА В. М. АЛЕКСЕЕВАИЗ НАУЧНО-ИСТОРИЧЕСКОГО АРХИВА ГМИРОПЫТ НАУЧНОЙ СИСТЕМАТИЗАЦИИ
Authors: Е.А. Терюкова , Е.А. Завидовская
Published: November 2024

Вводится в научный оборот информация о рукописном архиве выдающегося отечественного синолога, внесшего большой вклад в изучение истории китайского народного искусства и народных верований академика В.М. Алексеева (1881–1952), а также впервые публикуются фрагменты из т.н. «китайского дневника» В.М. Алексеева и их переводы на русский, выполненные Л.Н. Меньшиковым.

The article introduces into scientific discourse the academician V.M. Alekseev’s manuscript heritage from the Research-Historical Archive of the State Museum of the History of Religion. V.M. Alekseev was a prominent Russian sinologist who made the significant contribution to study of the history of Chinese popular art and Chinese folk religions. The extracts from so called Alekseev’s “Chinese Dairy” and its Russian translations of L.N. Men’shikov are published as well.
Н. М. КАРАМЗИН И ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНАЯИДЕНТИЧНОСТЬ ИСТОРИКА(«круглый стол», посвященный 250-летию Н.М. Карамзина)
Authors: В.П. Корзун
Published: November 2024

Круглый стол состоялся в рамках Международной научной конференции «История, память, идентичность: теоретические основания и исследовательские практики». Представлена основная проблематика докладов, выделены дискуссионные вопросы.

This article considered the results of the round table devoted to the jubilee of N.M. Karamzin. The round table was held within the framework of the International Conference "History, Memory, Identity: Theoretical grounds and research practices" (Moscow, October 3-4, 2016). The main papers and discussion issues are highlighted.
СССР И ИТАЛЬЯНСКИЕ ЛЕВЫЕ В 1950-х ГОДАХПРОБЛЕМЫ ВОСПРИЯТИЯ
Authors: Г.Е. Гиголаев
Published: November 2024

Специфика взаимоотношений между СССР и Италией в послевоенном мире состояла в том, что, с одной стороны, Италия была членом военно-политического блока НАТО, противостоявшего СССР, а с другой – итальянская компартия (ИКП) была сильнейшей коммунистической партией несоциалистического мира. ИКП, имевшая огромное число приверженцев и до середины 1950-х гг. действовавшая в тесном союзе с Итальянской социалистической партией (ИСП), могла оказывать влияние на формирование образа СССР у значительной части итальянского населения. С этой точки зрения ключевыми событиями рассматриваемого периода являются ХХ съезд КПСС и события в Венгрии (1956), когда восприятие Советского Союза итальянскими левыми стало меняться и когда в самом левом лагере начались разногласия, приведшие к разрыву пакта о единстве действий между ИКП и ИСП.

The feature of the relationship between the USSR and Italy in the postwar world was that, on the one hand, Italy was a member of the NATO military-political bloc opposing the USSR, and on the other, the Italian Communist Party was the strongest Communist party of the non-socialist world. The Communist Party, which had a huge number of adherents and until the mid-1950's worked in close alliance with the Italian Socialist Party, could influence the formation of the image of the USSR in a significant part of the Italian population. From this point of view, the key events of the period were the Twentieth Congress of the CPSU and the events in Hungary (1956), when the perception of the Soviet Union by the Italian Left began to change and disagreements began in the left-wing camp that led to the end of the pact on the unity of action between communists and socialists.
СЕКУЛЯРНАЯ СВЯТОСТЬ: КУЛЬТ РЕВОЛЮЦИОННЫХМУЧЕНИКОВ В РОССИЙСКОЙ ИСТОРИИ
Authors: Л.А. Андреева
Published: November 2024

Автор рассматривает формирование квазирелигиозного культа революционных мучеников как одной из форм «переноса сакральности». Показано становление этого феномена в народовольческом движении в Российской империи второй половины XIX века. Особое внимание уделено изучению биографии В.И. Ленина через призму народовольческих идеалов и прижизненное, а также посмертное восприятие Ленина как секулярного святого.

In the article the formation of a quasi-religious cult of revolutionary martyrs as one of the forms of "transfer of sacredness" is considering. The formation of this phenomenon in the Narodnaya Volya's movement of the second half of the 19th century in the Russian Empire is investigated. Particular attention is paid to the study of Lenin's biography through the prism of the Narodnaya Volya's ideals both lifetime and posthumous perception of V.I. Lenin as a martyr of the Revolution.
ПОЛИТИКА АНГЛИИ НА БОЛЬШОМ КАВКАЗЕ В 1918–1920 гг.В ВОСПОМИНАНИЯХ А. РОУЛИНСОНА И К. БЕХГОФЕРА
Authors: К.Р. Амбарцумян
Published: November 2024

В статье предпринята попытка реконструировать события в связи с их освещением непосредственными участниками и свидетелями. Для сравнительного анализа выбраны мемуары очевидца событий английского журналиста К. Бехгофера и участника военной миссии Англии на Кавказе А. Роулинсона, находившихся на Кавказе примерно в одно и то же время (1918–1920 гг.), т.е. уже после фактического отделения кавказского региона от России и еще до полного включения в ее состав. Их социальный опыт, взгляды, убеждения и профессиональная принадлежность определили полярность оценок эффективности английской политики в регионе.

In the article, the author tries to investigate events in connection with their interpretation by participants and witnesses. For the comparative analysis, the memoirs of two historical figures are chosen: the English journalist K. Bechhofer and the military leader A. Rowlinson. The first of them was the witness, the second – a participant in the military mission of England in the Caucasus at about the same time (1918–1920). This period was the time after the disengagement of the Caucasus region from Russia and before full inclusion in the Soviet state. Their social experience, views, persuasions and professional affiliation determined the polarity of assessments regarding the effectiveness of British policy in the region. Comparative research has allowed finding common features of perception, generated by elements of Orientalist and imperial consciousness, and specific features in the understanding of the British administration work in the region.
Hole doping and electronic correlations in Cr substituted BaFe$_{2}$As$_{2}$
Authors: dos Reis Cantarino Marli , Pakuszewski Kevin R. , Salzmann Bjoern , Moya Pedro H. A. , da Silva Neto Wagner R. , Freitas Gabriel S. , Pagliuso Pascoal G. , Adriano Cris , Brito Walber H. , Garcia Fernando A.
Published: November 2024

For a significant composition range, the suppression of the spin density wave transition temperature (T_{\text{SDW}}TSDW) in Cr- and Mn-substituted BaFe_{2}2As_{2}2 (CrBFA and MnBFA, respectively) coincides as a function of Cr/Mn content, despite the distinct electronic effects of these substitutions. Additionally, for any Cr/Mn content superconductivity (SC) is absent and this topic is particularly less explored in the case of CrBFA. In this work, we employ angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) and combined density functional theory plus dynamical mean field theory (DFT+DMFT) to address the evolution of the Fermi surface (FS) and electronic correlations in CrBFA. Our findings reveal that incorporating Cr leads to an effective hole doping of the states near the FS, which is well described within the virtual crystal approximation (VCA). Moreover, analysis of the ARPES spectra of the bands with main d_{yz}dyz-orbital character reveals a fractional scaling of the imaginary part of self-energy as a function of the binding energy, a signature property of Hund’s correlations. Our DFT+DMFT calculations support these experimental findings. We conclude that CrBFA is a correlated electron system for which the changes in the FS as a function of Cr are unrelated to the suppression of T_{\text{SDW}}TSDW. In addition, we suggest that the absence of SC is primarily due to the competition between Cr local moments and the Fe-derived itinerant spin fluctuations.
Boundary chaos: Spectral form factor
Authors: Fritzsch Felix , Prosen Tomaž
Published: November 2024

Random matrix spectral correlations is a defining feature of quantum chaos. Here, we study such correlations in a minimal model of chaotic many-body quantum dynamics where interactions are confined to the system’s boundary, dubbed , in terms of the spectral form factor and its fluctuations. We exactly calculate the latter in the limit of large local Hilbert space dimension qq for different classes of random boundary interactions and find it to coincide with random matrix theory, possibly after a non-zero Thouless time. The latter effect is due to a drastic enhancement of the spectral form factor, when integer time and system size fulfill a resonance condition. We compare our semiclassical (large qq) results with numerics at small local Hilbert space dimension (q=2,3q=2,3) and observe qualitatively similar features as in the semiclassical regime.
A combination of bioflavonoid, oral thrombolytic and anticoagulant in the treatment of thrombophlebitis of varicose veins in outpatient surgical practice
Authors: Krivoshchekov E. P. , Poseryaev A. V. , Khoroshilov M. Yu. , Romanov V. E. , Rakhimov B. M. , Kazantsev A. V. , Kirgizbaev S. Zh.
Published: November 2024

Introduction. Comparability of the outcomes of treatment of patients with thrombophlebitis of varicose veins using surgical intervention and medical therapy, a wide range of drugs have become the basis for conducting this study.Aim. To evaluate the effectiveness of the use of micronized purified flavonoid fraction in comparison with the isolated use of diosmin in patients with superficial varicothrombophlebitis in outpatient surgical practice.Materials and methods. From 2021 to 2022, a prospective study of the treatment results of 82 patients (from 42 to 68 years old, average age: 54.3 ± 12.34 years) with a diagnosis of superficial vein thrombophlebitis was conducted. To relieve inflammation as soon as possible and accelerate recanalization, a direct oral thrombolytic was prescribed. The patients were divided into two groups. The main group (44 patients) took a drug consisting of diosmin 900 mg (90%) and flavonoids in terms of hesperidin 100 mg (10%). In the comparison group (38 people), unmicronized diosmin was taken at a dosage of 600 mg.Results and discussion. Thrombophlebitis of superficial veins was more often localized in the basin of the great saphenous vein (47 patients (57.3%)). On the 30th day after the start of treatment, there was no progression of the thrombotic process. In the main and control groups, the symptoms of thrombophlebitis (a feeling of tightness under the skin and local soreness in the area of varicose veins) were eliminated in 34 (77.3%) of the main group and 22 (57.9%) patients of the comparison group. There was a decrease in the signs of chronic venous insufficiency from 73.7 to 36.4%, as well as a statistically large proportion of patients with complete or partial recanalization (70.5 vs 44.5% in the control group).Conclusion. The results of the study show that the micronized purified flavonoid fraction has advantages over non-micronized diosmin in reducing the severity of symptoms, significantly reducing the signs of chronic venous insufficiency and improving quality.
Outpatient proctological care in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Matveev I. A. , Matveev A. I. , Hasia D. T. , Povarnin N. N. , Matveeva T. A. , Alimov D. Z. , Voronin M. V.
Published: November 2024

Introduction. Patients with chronic proctologic diseases can postpone the planned surgery in time of pandemic. However the patients are very concerned about delays in treatment.Aim. To study the features of care provision to the patients with proctologic diseases based on the chronic hemorrhoids treatment in terms of pandemic.Materials and methods. Changes in material base of medical centers and clinics, the results of their activities based on the analysis of initial visits, minimally invasive interventions and hemorrhoidectomies in terms of pandemic were analyzed.Results. The number of people who applied to coloproctologists in the analyzed time periods 2019 and 2020 was the same, 3771 and 3775 people respectively, while the number of visits to commercial clinics has increased by 13% and to municipal clinics by 10.6%. Minimally invasive interventions have been performed by 27.6%less often in the municipal clinics and by 6.9% more often in the commercial clinics. 91 hemorrhoidectomies were carried out in 2020 which is 51.1%less compared to the same period in 2019.Discussion. According to the results of initial visits analysis, outpatient proctologic care did not undergo any changes during the pandemic in the city. But worsening of epidemic situation has caused the decrease in the number of patients in April-May 2020. The decrease of minimally invasive interventions in the municipal clinics was observed in the same period. For 7 months of the pandemic the number of hemorrhoidectomies has decreased from 178 to 91 operations compared to the same period in 2019, the number of interventions corresponded to the needs of the population.Conclusion. Maintaining of sufficient level of care for patients with proctologic diseases in time of pandemic became possible due to collaborative activities of medical facilities of various ownership forms.
Modern methods of treatment of patients with varicose veins of the lower extremities: History, myths and reality
Authors: Tsarev O. A. , Senin A. A. , Rozenkova T. V.
Published: November 2024

The aim of the review is to analyze the clinical efficacy of modern methods of treatment of patients with varicose veins of the lower extremities from the standpoint of a differentiated approach to determining treatment tactics, taking into account the individual characteristics of the pathogenesis and variants of the clinical course of the disease. The literature review presents a brief history of the development of methods for the treatment of patients with varicose veins of the lower extremities. An analysis of the clinical efficacy and long-term results of phlebectomy, scleroobliteration, endovenous laser obliteration, radiofrequency ablation, endovenous steam ablation, mechanochemical ablation, and the use of the adhesive agent cyanoacrylate was carried out. The analysis showed that there is currently no universal method of treatment for patients with varicose veins. There is no unified approach to the choice of treatment tactics, the problem of personalization of treatment taking into account the individual characteristics of the pathogenesis and variants of the clinical course of the disease has not been solved. With all the variety of nominally existing treatment methods, recurrence of varicose veins develops in 15.0–70.0% of patients. Currently, the majority of patients with varicose veins are treated using combined phlebectomy, an alternative to which is endovascular laser obliteration, as well as sclerosurgery. Of particular interest are the few studies of the individual features of the pathogenesis of primary varicose veins, in order to determine the criteria for predicting the variants of the clinical course, for the development of a differentiated approach to the choice of treatment tactics.
An updated approach to the risk assessment and prevention of postoperative venous thromboembolism in varicose vein surgery
Authors: Lobastov K. V. , Shaldina M. V. , Borsuk D. A. , Kochetkov S. V. , Schastlivtsev I. V. , Laberko L. A. , Fokin A. A.
Published: November 2024

This narrative literature review is dedicated to the issue of individual risk assessment and prevention of postoperative VTE in patients undergoing lower limb varicose vein surgery. The registry-based CAPSIVS trial showed that the detection frequency of any forms of VTE after modern minimally invasive superficial vein surgery reaches 3.4%, of which only 0.5% are symptomatic. The current clinical guidelines regulate the individual risk assessment of postoperative thrombosis using the Caprini Risk Score (CRS). The first validation study resulted in a proposal of evidence-based approach to the phlebological patient stratification into risk groups according to the Caprini scores with 0–6 scores indicating the low risk, 7–10 scores – the moderate risk and 11 scores or more –the high risk, which differs significantly from approaches in other medical specialties. At the same time, the pharmacoprophylaxis may be appropriate in the groups of moderate and high risk, especially when simultaneous varicose tributary ablation and perforating vein interventions increasing the risk of VTEC 6–11 times are performed. The duration of pharmacoprophylaxis of postoperative venous thrombosis is essential to its efficiency, which should not be less than 7 days for the moderate VTE risk group and reach 30 days for the high VTE risk group. A single injection of parenteral anticoagulants on the day of surgery has been shown to be associated with an 8.8% incidence of postoperative thrombosis. The risk of postoperative thrombosis in patients with VTE in their past medical history, including prior varicothrombophlebitis is increased by 4.2 times, which requires that secondary pharmacoprophylaxis be prescribed for at least 30 days, and in some cases up to 3-6 months. At this stage, there is sufficient evidence to support the use of the Caprini Risk Score to assess the risk of postoperative VTE and prescribe adequate pharmacological prophylaxis in varicose vein surgery treatment.
A case of multiple liver abscesses after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy
Authors: Khitaryan A. G. , Mezhunts A. V. , Melnikov D. A. , Pukovsky D. Y. , Pen O. S. , Okueva M. A.
Published: November 2024

Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy is the most common weight loss surgery and at the same time one of the safest. However, like any other surgery, it carries significant risks and complications. One of these complications isliver abscess. This article presents a clinical case of a 36-year-old patient who developed multiple liver abscesses one month after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. The patient’s medical history, surgery details, postoperative course, symptoms and diagnostic tests are described. Liver abscess is a rare but very serious complication after sleeve gastrectomy. The etiology of this complication is still a subject of debate. We can only assume that the most likely causes ofliver abscess are intra-abdominal bleeding with hematoma formation and its subsequent infection or failure of the stapler suture line in the early postoperative period. Computed tomography with intravenous contrast is the preferred method for diagnosing this complication, especially in patients with fever, rapid heartbeat, and abdominal pain. Currently, the most effective and safe method for treating localized purulent liver diseases is percutaneous puncture and drainage of the abscess under ultrasound or CT navigation, followed by intravenous antibiotics for 4-6 weeks. This treatment strategy has proven its effectiveness in many studies. Our clinical case was no exception. The purpose of this article is to raise awareness among surgeons about this rare complication and emphasize the importance of early diagnosis and treatment.
Practical application of the wound healing agent in the treatment of patients with acute paraproctitis
Authors: Lichman L. A. , Katorkin S. E. , Andreev P. S. , Davydova O. E.
Published: November 2024

Introduction. Acute paraproctitis is an acute inflammation of the peri-rectal tissue, caused by the spread of the inflammatory process from the anal crypts and anal glands. One of the typical complications of treatment of all forms of acute paraproctitis is relapse of the disease. An extensive literature is devoted to this issue; it is this problem that encourages surgeons to persistently search for more rational methods of treatment. The rate of these complications ranged from 9.9% to 50%. Postoperative wound healing after opening paraproctitis is protracted, in some cases requiring repeated surgical interventions. The use of modern antiseptic solutions and dressings in the intraoperative and postoperative periods should improve the immediate results of treatment.Aim. To study the effectiveness of the use of the wound healing agent Chitokol-KDA in the treatment of patients with acute paraproctitis.Materials and methods. A prospective comparative randomized study was conducted in the department of coloproctology and the specialized advisory center of the Clinics of Samara State Medical University in 2024. The study included 105 patients who underwent autopsy of acute purulent paraproctitis in an inpatient setting. In the main group (n = 51), the wound healing agent Chitokol-KDA was used as an addition to treatment. In the control group (n = 54), no additional means were used during dressing.Results and discussion. From the data obtained on the use of the wound-healing agent Chitokol-KDA, it follows that it reduces the intensity of the pain syndrome by the 3 days, and also accelerates the healing time and epithelialization of wounds (t = 2.17, p = 0.032), but does not affect the timing of the appearance of granulations (t = 0.88, p = 0.38).Conclusion. The use of the wound-healing agent Chitokol-KDA reduces pain in the postoperative period, accelerates wound healing and does not affect the incidence of perirectal fistulas.
Anatomical variants of recurrent varicose veins of the lower extremity after endovenous laser ablation of the great saphenous vein
Authors: Nikolaev A. M. , Kotaev A. Yu. , Vakhrat’ian P. E. , Chernookov A. I. , Muraviev S. Yu. , Berikkhanov Z. G.M. , Atayan A. A. , Savelieva V. A. , Abasova Z. D.
Published: November 2024

Introduction. Relapses is an important criterion that is used to determine the effectiveness of any treatments of varicose veins of the lower extremity (VVLE). However, only a few studies in the literature are devoted to the distant outcomes of endovenous laser coagulation (EVLC) using the 1470 nm laser.Aim. To identify anatomical variants of VVLE relapses after EVLC using the 1470 nm laser, study the frequency of relapses, and determine the factors affecting the risk of relapses.Materials and methods. A total of 358 EVLC with 78 sonographic recurrences were performed during a 5-year observation period. EVLC was performed using the 1470 nm laser system, and radial light guides with a 400-μm-diameter. At 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60 months after EVLC, a follow-up ultrasound examination was carried out. A visual detection of varicose vein was classified as a clinical recurrence. Patients without visually detected varicose tributaries and trunk, but with recanalized sections of the great saphenous vein (GSV) trunk, an incompetent GSV trunk in the lower leg, tributaries and perforators of the operated extremity were considered to be sonographic recurrences. Statistical analysis was performed with IBM SPSS 22 statistic software package (USA). The analysis of variance test (ANOVA) was used to determine the statistical significance of observed differences in mean value, and Pearson's chi-squared (χ2) test in Fisher's exact solution to determine frequencies. Differences were considered statistically significant at p < 0.005.Results. The main anatomical variants of sonographic recurrences included incompetent ostial tributaries (n = 20), segmental recanalization of femoral perforator GSV trunk (n = 21), perforators in the upper third leg (n = 10), perforators in the middle and lower third leg (n = 22).Discussion. Endovascular laser obliteration of the intact anterior accessory great saphenous vein (AAGSV) needs further studies. It is not recommended to ligate perforators with a diameter < 3.5 mm, while coagulation of perforators that have direct drainage to the great or small saphenous vein trunk with a high energy flow needs further studies.Conclusion. The most of sonographic VVLE recurrences occur within 1 to 4 years after endovascular laser treatment and are associated with the development of valve insufficiency in previously intact saphenous and/or perforator veins followed by segmental recanalization of the obliterated GSV trunk.
Fixed-dose combinations in pharmacotherapy of chronic venous diseases
Authors: Bogachev V. Yu. , Boldin B. V. , Komov K. V. , Dzhenina O. V.
Published: November 2024

Chronic venous diseases are the most common vascular diseases of the lower extremities, negatively affecting all components of the quality of life in the modern society. Due to their high prevalence, the prevention and treatment of chronic venous diseases are one of the priorities of national healthcare systems in industrially developed countries. In recent years, numerous experimental and clinical studies have uncovered an important role of vascular inflammation and endothelial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of chronic venous diseases, which determine not only a wide range of vein-specific symptoms, but are also the main drivers of pathological remodelling of the vein wall and its valve apparatus, followed by the development of varicose syndrome and more severe chronic venous insufficiency. Modern knowledge of the pathogenesis of chronic venous diseases enables us to identify several priority strategies aimed at managing the basic pathophysiological mechanisms of the development and progression of the disease. Pharmacotherapy with phlebotropic drugs is one of them. Some of these drugs are able to inhibit the vein-specific inflammation, improve the microcirculatory bed regulation, increase the vein tone and contractility and, as a result, have a positive effect on the clinical signs of chronic venous disease. This review presents the mechanism of action of a phlebotropic drug that is new to the Russian Federation. It is a combination of Ruscus aculeatus extract (Ruscus extract) with hesperidin methyl chalcone (HMC) and ascorbic acid. Studies showed a high level of evidence of clinical efficacy and safety of this drug for the treatment of patients with various forms of chronic venous diseases. Due to the unique features of its mechanisms of action, the optimal focus groups for its use may include patients of different age groups with early-stage disease, in which vein-specific symptoms predominate, and patients with chronic venous oedema.