bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Multiepoch Regression Model used in Geodesy
Authors: Kubáček Lubomír , Kubáčková Ludmila
Published: September 2017

An investigation of the deformations of large buildings (bridges, dams, etc.) needs replicated measurements in special types of geodetical networks. They are characterized by two groups of points creating the network; one group is formed by points with stable positions and the other one is formed by points located on the building and characterizing its deformations. A statistical analysis of measurement results is done after each epoch ofmeasurement and also after several epochs. It is of a practical importance to develop an algorithm of estimation which enables us to use the partial results obtained after each epoch for results after several epochs.
An Introductory Business Statistics Course: Evaluating Its Long-term Impact and Suggestions for Its Improvement
Authors: Ledolter Johannes
Published: September 2017

Undergraduate pre-business students who had taken an introductory business statistics course three years ago were sent a questionnaire that, among several other questions, asked them about their views on the usefulness of the course. Students rated the introductory business statistics course as “moderately important” for their business education. They favored an integrated approach that covers both the statistical concepts and the computer software necessary to carry out the statistical analysis, and they had a strong preference for theMicrosoft EXCEL software. Students thought that projects played an important role in introducing them to real-world applications of statistics, but they also mentioned several problems that arose with groupbased work. Factors mentioned as having had an impact on teaching effectiveness are discussed in the last part of the paper.
Book Reviews
Authors: Böhm Walter , Grossmann Wilfried , Viertl Reinhard , Leisch Friedrich , Pötzelberger Klaus , Seeber Gilg , Leydold Josef , Strelec Harald
Published: September 2017

Fitting Linear Relationships: A History of the Calculus of Observations 1750-1900.(R.W. Farebrother)Basic Business Statistic. (D.P. Foster, R.A. Stine, R.P. Waterman)Statistische und numerische Methoden der Datenanalyse. (V. Blobel, E. Lohrmann)The Practice of Time Series Analysis. (H. Akaike, G. Kitagawa)Finanzmathematik. Die Bewertung von Derivaten (A. Irle)Programming with Data. A Guide to the S Language (J.M. Chambers)Random Number Generation and Monte Carlo Methods. (J.E. Gentle)Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaftliche Panel-Studien, Daten-Strukturen und Analyse-Verfahren. (R. Hujer, U. Rendtel, G. Wagner)Cumulative Sum Charts and Charting for Quality Improvement. (D.M. Hawkins,D.H. Olwell)Statistical Quality Control. Strategies and Tools for Continual Improvement. (J.Ledolter, C.W. Burrill)
Erwartungsbildung und Prognose Ergebnisse einer experimentellen Studie
Authors: Becker Otwin , Leopold-Wildburger Ulrike
Published: September 2017

Die visuell gestützte Extrapolation ist ein beson-ders häufig angewendetes Verfahren, das praktisch für jede graphisch dargestellte Zeitreihe Verwendung finden kann. Folgt die Zeitreihe keinem leicht erkennbaren, strengen Bildungsgesetz, weichen die individuellen Gestaltsausdeutungen in der Regel sehr voneinander ab, jedoch im Durchschnitt mitteln sich singulär viele Ausdeutungen heraus. Demgegenüber lassen sich einige wenige wesentliche Merkmale ausndig machen, die im vorliegenden Beitrag die Grundlage eines apriori Erklärungsmodells für Kollektivprognosen bilden. Die Überprüfung dieses Modellsim Rahmen einer Reihe von Experimenten liefert bemerkenswerte Ergebnisse.
Absolventenbefragung des Instituts für Statistik der Technischen Universität Graz
Authors: Stadlober Ernst , Stampfer Erwin
Published: September 2017

Im Rahmen der 25–Jahr–Feier des Instituts für Statistik der TU Graz wurde eine Umfrage unter den Absolventinnen und Absolventen des Instituts zum Thema Studiumund Beruf durchgeführt. Dieser Artikel faßt in aller Kürze die wichtigsten Ergebnisse dieser Umfrage zusammen.
Case Studies in Multi-unit LongitudinalModels with Random Coefficients and Patterned Correlation Structure
Authors: Ledolter Johannes
Published: September 2017

Modelling issues in multi-unit longitudinal models with random coefficients and patterned correlation structure are illustrated in the context of three data sets. The first data set deals with short time series data on annual death rates and alcohol consumption of twenty-five European countries. The second data set deals with glaceologic time series data on snow temperature at 14 different locations within a small glacier in the Austrian Alps. The third data set consists of annual economic time series on factor productivity, anddomestic and foreign research/development (R&D) capital stocks. A practical model building approach–consisting of model specification, estimation, and diagnostic checking–is outlined in the context of these three data sets.
Industrial Statistics Revisited: From Footnotes to Meta-Information Management
Authors: Froeschl Karl A. , Yamada Tetsuo , Kudrna Roman
Published: September 2017

UNIDO maintains a long tradition in the compilation of international statistics on industrial production and, particularly, has developed a suite of tools and techniques for improving third-party data, mainly supplied directly or indirectly by National Statistics Offices, toenable and enhance both cross-country and long-term comparability. However, changing IT environments, socio-economic conditions, and customer requirements increasingly challenge established procedures and behaviors. After reviewing (i) the relevance of industrial statistics in general and that of international industrial statistics in particular for the industrial development in the macro economic framework, (ii) the importance of datacomparability on those statistics for accurate and objective analysis with regard to the industrial development, and (iii) UNIDO?s specific efforts in increasing cross-country data comparability, this paper discusses a proposal for an integrated data and data documentation framework aimed at (i) recording all measures taken by UNIDO and (ii) reporting on all residual inconsistencies and deficiencies adversely affecting data comparability and interpretation. The proposal is illustrated by a prototype implementationusing current UNIDO data.
Ist der Euro fair? Ergebnis einer empirischen Untersuchung
Authors: Futschik Andreas
Published: September 2017

In letzter Zeit sind Medienberichte aufgetaucht, nach denen der Euro keine faire Münze sein soll. Eine Abweichung der Kopfwahrscheinlichkeit von 1/2 wurde insbesondere in Zusammenhang mit dem belgischen und französischen Euro behauptet. Wir präsentieren in diesem Zusammenhang Ergebnisse von Münzwurfexperimenten und diskutieren die Implikationen aus statistischer Sicht.
Neuere Entwicklungen in der Konzentrationsmessung
Authors: Strasser Helmut
Published: September 2017

A general approach for the quantization of statistical data and distributionsis considered. The concept is closely related to the statistical measurementof concentration and to the mathematical theory of majorization. Inparticular, it is the theoretical basis of those compression algorithms whichare analysed by P¨otzelberger and Strasser (2001).
Psychological features of motivation and values in high school students of different sexes
Authors: Vartanova I.I.
Published: September 2017

This research focuses on sex-specific differences in motivational, meaning- and value-based attitudes to learning in high school students. The sample included students of 9-11 grades (aged 15-17 years) of two Moscow schools with traditional paradigm in education. Motivational attitudes were measured with factor analysis of the subjects’ responses to 70 statements (different sets for male and female groups; the total number of respondents was 162, 82 males and 80 females). The structure of value orientations was studied with cluster analysis of ranking of 10 terminal human values (Rokeach) and 12 learning values (109 respondents, 60 females and 49 males). The correlation between the character of motivation and value orientations was also explored in the study (39 males and 48 females were presented with both surveys). The outcomes of the study show that young girls find opportunities for self-actualisation in knowledge and experience, in personal growth and overcoming difficulties in life, whereas young boys mostly associate self-actualisation with affiliative sphere. The character of motivation in young girls clearly corresponds with the values they choose, while in boys the relationship between motivations and values seems ambiguous. Taking into account sex specifics in adolescents may help raise the effectiveness of learning activity
Бунин как «буревестник» новой революции
Authors: Ильинский Игорь Михайлович
Published: September 2017

Статья дает авторское осмысление роли творчества И. А. Бунина и его произведений предреволюционного периода в формировании образа России и русского человека в сознании читающей публики. В 1910 г. Бунин опубликовал свое главное произведение — «Деревня». В нем писатель изобразил целую галерею деревенских персонажей, наделенных чертами якобы «типичного русского характера»: отрицательными, а часто совершенно отрицательными. Сама жизнь в ситуации постоянного подавления со стороны «хозяев» (дворян и помещиков), бытовое неустройство, голод, болезни — все это создает безнадежный образ «мужика», лишенного каких-либо добродетелей, и тяжелейшей порочности обитателей деревенского мира. Раскрывая в «Деревне» особенности труднейших и суровых условий жизни сельского населения в 1904–1907 гг., Бунин, хочется думать, сам того не осознавая, вызывал в умах современников понимание того, что единственный путь для исправления мрачной картины бытия 85% русского народа — радикальные перемены и смена правящего строя. 
Проблемы социализации личности студента в вузе
Authors: Ковалева Антонина Ивановна
Published: September 2017

В данной статье на основе авторской концепции социализации рассматриваются проблемы личностного становления студентов на этапе обучения в вузе, характеризуются специфика современной высшей школы как института социализации, особенности социализационных траекторий российских студентов, значимые для студентов личностные качества и их оценки учебно-воспитательного процесса. В статье использованы результаты последнего этапа (весна 2017 г.) мониторингового исследования проблем студенческой молодежи, проведенного в Московском гуманитарном университете.    

Показано, что в оценках студентов МосГУ преобладает высокий уровень удовлетворенности обучающихся условиями обучения в университете. Подтверждается ранее установленная в мониторинге тенденция: студенты, удовлетворенные наличием учебной и методической литературы, оснащением учебных аудиторий, уровнем информационных технологий, выше оценивают и свою удовлетворенность вузом в целом. Студенты, не принимающие участия в общественной жизни университета, ниже оценивают уровень своей удовлетворенности вузом, нежели студенты, участвующие во внеучебных мероприятиях. Однако сохраняется проблема вовлечения студентов в такие мероприятия, в работу органов студенческого самоуправления, инициативные студенческие проекты, поддерживаемые университетом. Остается доля студентов (около 11%), которые отмечают слабые стороны организации учебного процесса.

Полученные в исследовании данные свидетельствуют о сложных процессах в формировании мировоззрения, нравственных позиций, социальной активности студентов МосГУ.
Самореализация личности по возрастным интервалам (на примере современных россиян)
Authors: Козлова Татьяна Захаровна
Published: September 2017

Самореализация человека, — главная цель всей его жизни. Жизненный путь человека — непрерывная цепь этапов самореализации. Самореализация личности — это актуализации индивида в двух основных сферах жизни: профессии (труде) и семье человека. Объект исследования — возрастные группы граждан России (в возрасте от 18 лет и старше): 1) «18–30лет»; 2) «31–40 лет»; 3) «41–50 лет»; 4) «51–60 лет»; 5) «старше 60 лет». Возраст является важной характеристикой личности. Он — индикатор биологического и психологического статуса человека, а значит, в определенной степени его социальной активности. С возрастом происходит снижение умственных способностей и сужение сферы мотивации. Этот тезис подтвержден в исследованиях западных ученых (Р. Кюлен, Б. Ньюгартен и др.). Предмет исследования — самореализация личности. Сферы профессиональной деятельности являются теми институтами, где реализуется личность. Ответ на вопрос, каков уровень самореализации лиц различных возрастных групп, автор статьи получила, анализируя репрезентативное Всероссийское социологическое исследование, которое провел Институт социологии РАН в конце 2016 г. Выборка — 4000 человек. Респондентам был задан вопрос: «Оцените по 5-балльной шкале, насколько важным лично для Вас на сегодняшний день является: самореализация, проявление себя».  На шкале от 1 до 5 определены значения: «не важно» — для оценки 1; «важно» — для оценки 4; «очень важно» — для оценки 5. Самореализацию мы определяем суммой двух оценок 4 и 5, Каков уровень самореализации личности по возрастным группам? У респондентов самой молодой возрастной группы «18–30 лет» сильная мотивация и умственные способности на пике развития. У них высокая самореализация — 87%. Второй интервал взрослой жизни — человек от 31 года до 40 лет, период наиболее активной реализации поставленных целей. У них также высокая самореализация — 83%. Третий возрастной период жизни человека — возраст после 50 лет. Человек стремится свои знания передать молодежи. Самореализация в этой возрастной группе — 74%. Предпенсионный период («51–60 лет»). Уход на пенсию сопряжен для многих людей с определенными переживаниями. Для возрастной группы «51–60лет» самореализация — 73%.  В возрастной группе «60 и старше» у людей подтачиваются силы, самореализация понижается до 56%.
Estimation of genetic diversity of Karelian birch populations in Kareliausing microsatellite markers
Authors: Vetchinnikova Lidia V , Titov Alexander F , Topchieva Ludmila V , Rendakov Nikolay L
Published: September 2017

We studied genetic structure of populations of Karelian birch Betula pendula var. carelica (Mercklin) Hämet-Ahti, whichlacks second growth. Based on the values of expected and observed heterozygosity, the predominantselection of homozygotes on the background of decrease of the heterozygotes fraction was revealed. Interpopulation differentiation rate (Fst = 0,145) indicates a high inbreeding frequency. Observed genetic characteristics of the populationssuggest that genetic mechanisms play a role in the current decrease of thepopulation size of Karelian birch and its genetic degradation.
Genetic study of motor functions in Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Fedotov Sergey A , Bragina Julia V , Besedina Nataliya G , Danilenkova Larisa V , Kamysheva Elena A , Kamyshev Nikolay G
Published: September 2017

To investigate molecular mechanisms of central pattern generators (CPG s) functioning, we carried out a screening of collection of Drosophila P-insertional mutants for strong deviations in locomotion and courtship song. In 21 mutants, the site of the P-insertion was localized by sequencing of the fragments of genomic DNA flanking the P-element. Bioinformational analysis revealed a list of candidate genes, potential players in development and functioning of CPG s. Possible involvement of certain identified genes in rhythmic motor activity is suggested for the first time (CG15630, Map205).
GENETIC ESTIMATION OF SNAIL LYMNAEA STAGNALIS POPULATIONS FROM REGIONS WITH DIFFERENT ANTHROPOGENIC LOAD AS A FIRST STEP IN GENETIC MONITORING
Authors: Koneva Oksana Yu
Published: September 2017

The paper deals with carrying out molecular-genetic typing of populations of snail Lymnaea stagnalis from regions with a different ecological load (the lake Perstok and zatoka of the river Pripyat, Belarus). By means of interpopulation analysis of frequencies of RAPD-fragments, frequencies of zero alleles of RAPD-loci and genetic similarity index we established that these populations are genetically identical because there are no significant distinctions of genetic variability neither between individuals within a population, nor between populations. Results of the cluster analysis and the population analysis also have confirmed that populations of snails are genetically closely related. However the snail population of the lake Perstok is genetically more homogeneous.
The level of genetic diversity and differentiation of mountain hare Lepus timidus population in Karelia
Authors: Topchieva Ludmila V , Belkin Vladimir V , Rendakov Nikolay L , Malysheva Irina E , Kolomeychuk Sergey N
Published: September 2017

The level of genetic diversity of mountain hare Lepus timidus was assessed in Karelia for the first time. A significant remainder was revealed after substraction of Но value from Не, which value indicates the predominant selection of homozygotes rather than heterozygotes and the occurrence of inbreeding in the groups under study. The Fst value equal to 0.133 was calculated for the animals from different regions and indicates their genetic differentiation, which allows distinguishing subpopulation groups in mountain hare population.
The role of histone modifications and DNA methylation in renal cell carcinoma development
Authors: Kutlyeva Lilia R , Gilayzova Irina R , Khusainova Rita I , Khusnutdinova Elsa K
Published: September 2017

Epigenetic mechanisms of gene regulation play a key role in carcinogenesis. This review will focus on the recent advances of epigenetic investigations in the development of human cancer. The role of histone modifications, genomic imprinting and DNA methylation in renal cell carcinoma development and progression will be considered.
Developmental genetics and symbiotic potential of cyanobacteria
Authors: Khudyakov Ivan Ya
Published: September 2017

Many cyanobacteria can differentiate specialized cells – heterocysts that fix nitrogen aerobically, akinetes able to survive under unfavorable conditions, and hormogonia providing a means of dispersal. Of great importance for evolution of the biosphere was the ability of cyanobacteria to establish symbioses with eukaryotic organisms that was a prerequisite for the emergence of chloroplasts. This review describes the genes and regulatory systems that control differentiation of specialized cells and the ability of cyanobacteria to establish symbiotic associations with a variety of hosts.
A study of genetic markers of human height
Authors: Glotov Andrey S , Vashukova Elena S , Glotov Oleg S , Kurilov Roman V , Tarkovskaia Irina V , Ditkina Ekaterina Y , Pugacheva Irina V , Belonog Olga L , Makhrova Irina A , Pakin Vladimir S , Aseev Mikhail V , Ivashchenko Tatyana E
Published: September 2017

A population study of polymorphisms of EFEMP1, ZBTB38, HHIP, LCORL, ADAMTSL3, CDH13, JAZF1, IGF1R, GHSR, CABLES1, IFNG, VDR3, and IGFBP3 genes, which possibly influence human height, was carried out using PCR-RFLP. Population frequencies of alleles and genotypes for these genes were established. A correlation between the rs572169 variant of GSHR gene and male height was found . We suggest a model for prediction of human height on the basis of logistic regression method. The obtained data indicate a possibility to assess human height on the basis of genetic markers.
DNA metylation as one of the main mechanisms of gene activity regulation
Authors: Pendina Anna A , Grinkevich Vera V , Kuznetsova Tatyana V , Baranov Vladislav S
Published: September 2017

DNA methylation is one of the main mechanisms of epigenetic inheritance in eukaryotes. In this review we looked through the ways of 5-methylcytosin origin, it's distribution in genome, the mechanism of gene repression via hypermetilation, the role of metylation in genomic imprinting and in X-chromosome inactivation, in embryogenesis of mammals, in the processes of oncogenesis and in etiology of some common human inherited diseases
Reactive oxygen species regulate gene networks of stress response
Authors: Stepanenko Irina L
Published: September 2017

The GeneNet (gnw/genenet/) accumulate information on reactive oxygen species (ROS) signals and reduction/oxidation (redox) regulation of transcription factors. Redox-regulation gene network is the adaptation to oxidative stress and integrative system of local gene networks via key transcription factors. The cross-talk of signals and the interference of gene networks occur in the integrative gene network
Copper and nickel resistance at ipt-transgenic potato plants
Authors: Andreeva Elena A , Lutova Ludmila A
Published: September 2017

Using agrobacterial transformation collection of /pr-transgenic plants based on cv. Adretta was obtained. Analysis of transgenic plants susceptibility to the exogenous phytohormones auxin (IAA) and cytokinin (kinetin) for 18 from 22 analyzed forms reveals altered reaction to hormones. Among 18 plants with altered reaction to phytohormones for 16 forms enhanced resistance to copper sulfate and/or nickel chloride was observed
Steams of ethanol induct transpositions of the MGE412 in isogenic lines of Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Gavrilova Elena D , Antonenko Oksana V , Vasilyeva Lubov A
Published: September 2017

Influence of treating with limited doses of steams of ethanol on a transpositions MGE412 was investigated in the males from isogenic lines of Drosophila melanogaster. It was proved the phenomenon of the induction. The rates of induced transpositions was estimated. Ones was 3,79-6,89xl0~2 in comparison with control, A.k=l,84xl0x 3. It was established that alcohol made be finished either death of individuals or increase genetic variability in the posterity. It was proved that ethanol is powerful inductor of transpositions MGEs of Drosophila like other different external (temperature shock, y-irradiation) and genetic factors, the main of them are isogenization and selection
A prognostic efficiency of short-term tests - systems at an estimation of cancerogenic activity of chemical compounds
Authors: Abilev Serikbay K , Tarasov Aleksey V , Tarasov Valentin A
Published: September 2017

The method of an estimation prognostic efficiency of the battery of short-term tests at an estimation of potential cancerogenic activity of chemicals is offered. Levels of validity of cancerogenic activity 83 chemical compounds is carried out results at their testing in battery tests - test Ames, the test for SCE in cells in vitro, and the MNT - test in vivo. Researched date base is used as the trainee for forecasting potential cancerogenic activity of new chemical compounds by a method of cross-check
Story about how Filipchenco got along with Morgan and sent to him Dobzhansky, how Koltsov directed to Germany Timofeev-Ressovsky, who advised Muller to go to Vavilov in Leningrad and what came out of it
Authors: Inge-Vechtomov Sergey G
Published: September 2017

Genetic school of Leningrad-St.-Petersburg University had been shaped up on the background and simultaneously as a witness of achievements of the Russian genetics in 20-30-th of the XX century. The process had been strongly influenced by the personal relations of Yu.A. Filipchenko, the founder of department of genetics and experimental zoology of Petrograd University, with Russian (N.K. Koltsov, N.r. Vavilov at al.) and foreign (Т.Н. Morgan and his students first of all) colleagues. An episode is presented about formation of contemporary theory of mutation process by the efforts and cooperation of several scientific schools: by work of G.J. Muller, N.V. Timofeev-Ressovsky, M.E. Lobashev etc
ANALYSIS OF INTERACTION OF PLANT GENOTYPE AND STRAIN AGROBACTERIUM TUMEFACIENS IN BREEDING OF POTATO RESISTANCE TO COLORADO POTATO BEETLE
Authors: Bogomaz Denis I
Published: September 2017

Efficiency of potato transformation depends on plant genotype and bacterial strain. Genotypes with high regeneration ability have high transformation ability. It is shown, that transgenosis of Bt gene increases potato resistance to collorado potato beetle, transgenosis of ipt gene does not influence on resistance.
The dissociation of Bacillus thuringiensis as manifestation of «stationary-phase mutagenesis»
Authors: Chemerilova Valentina I , Sekerina Olga A , Kravets Elena V , Malanushenko Larisa V
Published: September 2017

Particularities of the morphological R-variants appearance in periodic culture of two strains of Bacillus thuringiensis were investigated. It is shown that both in optimum and in stressful conditions (рН 9,4) the R-variant frequency was increased in stationary phase only. Results from Luria and Delbrück's fluctuation test established that the frequency of R-variants is independent of the number generations passed and the number of colonies under investigation. Majority of R-variants was asporogenous and acrystalligenous, but didn't differ from original S-variants in set of others diagnostic characteristics that are significant for type. Mating between S- and R-variants has shown that the presence of R-variants in culture provides increasing to efficiency of recombination between of the subspecies.
Genetic Control Of Vernalization Reqirement Duration Of Winter Wheat Cultivars
Authors: Fait Viktor I
Published: September 2017

55 cultivar genotypes were identified on the genetic system Vrd, controlling winter wheat vernalization duration differences. The frequency of the genotypes Vrd1Vrd1vrd2vrd2 scored 50,9 % (28 samples). The differences between the frequencies of the genotypes vrd1vrd1Vrd2Vrd2 (9 samples, 16,4 %), Vrd1Vrd1Vrd2Vrd2 (10 samples, 18,2 %) and vrd1vrd1vrd2vrd2 (6 samples, 10,9 %) were not significant.
ADAPTIVE MUTAGENESIS IN THE YEAST SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE
Authors: Babudri Nora , Lucaccioni Angela , Achilli Alessandro
Published: September 2017

The nature of mutation in microorganisms has been debated for a long time. Two theories have been at odds: random spontaneous mutagenesis vs. adaptive mutagenesis. "random mutagenesis" means that mutations occur in proliferating cells before they encountered the selective agent. "adaptive mutagenesis" means that advantageous mutations form in the environment where they have been selected, in non-replicating or poorly replicating cells even though other, non-selected, mutations occur at the same time. In the last 20 years it has been definitely shown that random as well as adaptive mutagenesis occur in bacteria and yeast. microorganisms in nature do not divide or divide poorly because of adverse environmental conditions; therefore adaptive mutations could provide cells with a selective advantage and allow evolution of populations. Here we will focus on some fundamental aspects of adaptive mutagenesis in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We begin with a historical overview on the nature of mutation. We then focus on experimental systems aimed at proving or disproving adaptive mutagenesis. We have briefly summarized the results obtained in this field, with particular attention to genetic and molecular mechanisms.
Mechanisms of Modificational Variability
Authors: Inge-Vechtomov Sergey G
Published: September 2017

Types of modifications and their position within the traditional classification of variability are analyzed. Through this approach contradictory status of the classification based upon phenomenology of variability is demonstrated. Interdependency of modifications and of inherent variability permits to pose an alternative classification of variability, based upon its mechanisms. There are variability: (1) connected with storage of genetic information and with replication of its carriers (genetic material) and (2) connected with realization (expression) of genetic information. So, it follows that idea of inherent and non-inherent variability is a secondary one toward their mechanisms and are connected with the taxonomy and life cycle stages. of the biological objects under investigation.
Enviromental factors and human heredity
Authors: Kuznetsova Tatyana V
Published: September 2017

Current state of knowledge in human genome and environmental factors are rewied. Classifications of human inherited and inborn disorders are surveyed, and the methods of their detection are outlined. Main attention is paid to ecogenetic (multifactorial) diseases and to predictive trends in modern medical genetics.
Genetics of highest types of interactions between organisms
Authors: Daev Eugene V
Published: September 2017

The structure and content of the lecture course "Genetics of highest types of interactions between organisms" is briefly reviewed. The main goal of the course is to demonstrate genetic mechanisms participating in the formation of synecological interactions. The basic concept of the lectures is to show how inter- and intraspecific activity is determined by genetic differences in certain environmental conditions. Examples of genes involvement into complex interactions (including highest forms of behavior between humans) are analyzed.
Genetic toxicology
Authors: Bondarenko Ludmila V
Published: September 2017

The primary purposes of genetic toxicology are estimation of mutation appearance risk in both somatic and generative cells under different agents' action and decrease of negative consequences for a particular individual and whole population. In a course of the lectures on genetic toxicology the special attention is focused on problems of xenobiotic's metabolism in human organism and genetic control of biotransformation. The lecture course contains following topics: theories of a carcinogenesis, genetic markers of predisposition to development of cancer, problem of an-timutagens search. The principles of test-systems making and approaches to organization of environmental monitoring are surveyed.
"Ecological Genetics" in Genetic Education System of Sankt-Petersburg State University
Authors: Inge-Vechtomov Sergey G
Published: September 2017

The introductory paper to this issue of the Journal presents the position and the meaning of ecological genetics in general system of basic genetic education. It shows connection between ecological genetics, general genetics and general biology as an experience of two-step education (bachelor, master), started in 1996 at biology and soil school of Sankt-Petersburg State University (SPbSU). Several aspects of ecological genetics are presented in connection with scientific methodology, structure and connection of master's program "Ecological genetics" with the other master's programs at department of Genetics and Breeding (SPbSU) as well. List of lectures and practical classes which are general for all master's programs is also presented.
The genetic activity of environmental factors test-method
Authors: Bondarenko Ludmila V , Dukelskaya Anna V
Published: September 2017

The detailed program of the special practice tutorial "The genetic activity of environmental factors test-method" is presented with the list of recommended literature.
Methods of gene engineering
Authors: Galkin Aleksey P
Published: September 2017

The practical course "Methods of gene engineering" is organized for Master students involved in different education programs, including the program "Ecological genetics". The course includes the training in the field of plasmid construction that is very useful for work in different areas of molecular biology. In this paper the annotation and program of course "Methods of gene engineering" are presented.
Characteristics of morphogenetic responses of Nicotiana langsdorffii on transformation with wild type strains of Agrobacterium in vitro
Authors: Matveeva Tatyana V , Pigichka Tatiana Yu , Lutova Ludmila A
Published: September 2017

Ability to transformation by wt strains of Agrobacterium tumefaciens (T37, C58, A6) and A. rhizogenes (15834, 8196, A4) was characterized for Nicotiana langsdorffii. It was shown that effectivity of transformation of this species by strains T37, A6,15834, 8196, A4 was lower comparing to the model object N. tabacum. Tumors induced by A. tumefaciens on leaf disks of N. langsdorffii, tend to shoot formation.
Acoustic Communication and Sexual Behaviour of Insects
Authors: Ilyina Elena L , Popov Andrey V
Published: September 2017

Acoustic communication functions in different taxons of insects are discussed. Peculiarities of Drosophila melanogaster acoustic system are under special interest. Different acoustic signal types are described. Senescence changes in love song and neurophysiology aspects of courtship behavior are examined.
Some genetic approaches to psychophysiologic studies in animals and man
Authors: Daev Eugene V
Published: September 2017

Some of the psychophysiological and psychogenetic research problems are reviewed in the article. Approaches to their resolving with the help of modern genetic methods are analysed. The important role of model objects in genetics of behavior is shown by several examples. Data are given about genetic mechanisms of some psychic diseases in human.
Mikhail Lobashev (11.11.1907-4.01.1971)
Authors: Inge-Vechtomov Sergey G
Published: September 2017

Столетие крупнейшего советского генетика и физиолога м. Е. Лобашева было отмечено 11-13 ноября 2007 года международной школой-конференцией «Системный контроль генетических и цитогенетических процессов». Научное заседание 12 ноября в актовом зале Санкт-Петербургского государственного университета открыла Л.А. Вербицкая - ректор СПбГУ.
Molecular genetic analysis of Arabidopsis thaliana cold sensitive mutant nfz24
Authors: Novokreschenova Maria G , Soldatova Olga P , Volkova Ludmila A , Burgutin Aleksander B , Ezhova Tatyana A
Published: September 2017

Development of stress-resistant plant varieties is a main task of plant biotechnology which is gaining popularity nowadays following the climatic changes and increased environmental pollution. This task implementation is primarily depends on identification of new genes responsible for stress resistance and also on the analysis of all functional features of genes on a cellular, tissue and organ levels. This article is dedicated to the study of Arabidopsis thaliana mutant nfz24 and the analysis of theNFZ24 gene function in cold stress response. It was demonstrated that reduced carotinoid content and alteration in ABA dependent cold response are the reasons of nfz24 cold sensitivity.
Effects of peptides on antioxidant status and survival curve parameters in inbred pre-selected lines in Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Mylnikov Sergey V , Oparina Tatyana I , Malinin Vladimir V
Published: September 2017

We performed comparative genetic analysis of a set of synthetic peptides effects on longevity and free-radical oxidation in Drosophila melanogaster. Strong genotype and gene-environmental interaction in determining traits value were evaluated. Mechanisms of vilon and epithalon effect on free oxygen species in mitochondria seemed to be different.
Lubov Hotyleva
Authors: Sushchenya Leonid M , Volotovsky Igor D , Kartel Nikolay A , Kilchevsky Alexander V
Published: September 2017

12 марта 2008 года исполнилось 80 лет члену нашей редколлегии Любови Владимировне Хотылевой академику НАН Беларуси, доктору биологических наук, профессору, заслуженному деятелю науки БССР, лауреату Государственной премии Белорусской ССР, выдающемуся ученому в области генетики растений.
EVOLUTION OF PLANT VIRUSES: ADAPTATION TO HOSTS AND VECTORS
Authors: Valkonen Jari
Published: September 2017

Viruses are obligate molecular pathogens. They depend on living host cells for their multiplication, including synthesis of the viral nucleic acids and proteins. The infection cycle of viruses in plants includes three main phases: i) replication, ii) cell to cell movement via plasmodesmata, and iii) long distance movement to different parts of the plant. During all these steps of the infection cycle viruses are challenged by the genetic variability of their hosts, which requires the virus to be adjusted to minor or major differences in virus-host interactions. These adjustments require mutations in the viral genome. Most plant viruses are also dependent on vector organisms for their spread to new host plants. The changes in virus genomes for better adaptability to the host should not compromise vector-transmissibility of progeny viruses. Host adaptation and vector adaptation can therefore be seen as the main forces influencing plant virus evolution.
BENEFICIAL RHIZOSPHERE PSEUDOMONADS
Authors: Lugtenberg Ben , Kamilova Faina D
Published: September 2017

Among the many bacteria present on and around the root, Pseudomonas bacteria are (among) the best root colonizers and therefore very suitable to apply for beneficial purposes. In this chapter, we discuss the possibilities to use such bacteria for the following purposes: fertilization of the plant, stimulation of plant growth and yield, reduction of plant stress, and reduction of plant diseases. This research was supported by numerous grants, especially from the Dutch Organization for scientific research (NWO), EET, the European Commission and INTAS.
Creation of mutant collections for the study of genetic control of stress adaptation in Synechocystis sp
Authors: Zinchenko Vladislav V , Glazer Vadim M , Kryazhov Sergey V , Luchkin Pavel V , Babykin Mikhail M , Belavina Nataliya V , Los Dmitry A
Published: September 2017

The availability of the complete genome sequence of cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC6803 which has been used as a model organism for molecular-genetic studying oxygenic photosynthesis and cell adaptation to stresses gives the opportunity to investigate the function of each gene in this organism by the targeted inactivation of the predicted genes. This paper presents our main results on functional genomics of Synechocystis based on construction and study of mutant collections with insertion inactivation of the genes encoding peptidases, translocases and the proteins of two-component regulatory systems.
Influence of mutations in regulatory PHO genes on stability of a genetic material of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Smirnov Arseny M , Sambuk Elena V
Published: September 2017

Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is convenient modelling object for studying of spontaneous mutations frequency under the influence of various environmental factors, and also as a result of metabolism infringement. One of necessary components of the growing media is inorganic phosphate. Its lack influences an expression of many genes. The system of genes expression regulation by phosphate is studied in detail. In the present work dependence of stability of a genetic material of a cage on its metabolic condition caused by mutations in genes, coding phosphate metabolism regulating proteins, is shown.
DEVELOPMENT OF THE DUCKWEED (LEMNA MINOR) GENETIC TRANSFORMATION SYSTEM
Authors: Gaydukova Sofia E , Rakitin Andrey L , Ravin Nikolay V , Skryabin Konstantin G , Kamionskaya Anastasia M
Published: September 2017

Regeneration parameters were optimized and effective selection conditions were sorted out. Transgenic plants of Lemna minor were obtained and their status was confirmed by molecular analysis. Optimized methodology can be used for obtaining transgenic duckweed plants producing recombinant proteins and water body bioremediators.
Simulation of legume-rhizobia symbiosis evolution under the multi-strain competition of bacteria for inoculation of symbiotic habitats
Authors: Vorobyov Nikolay I , Provorov Nikolay A
Published: September 2017

The model is suggested for evolution of Nsub2/sub-fixing legume-rhizobia symbiosis implemented under the conditions of multi-strain bacteria competition for inoculation of symbiotic habitats (rhizosphere, nodules). Competitiveness of each strain is characterized by the power coefficients which reflect the operation of frequency-dependent selection in the rhizobia population. When polymorphic bacteria populations are interacting with the dimorphic plant population, the selective pressures in favor of hostspecific symbionts (forming Nsub2/sub-fixing nodules only with one of the available plant genotypes) are higher than the pressures in favor of non-host-specific symbionts (forming these nodules with both plant genotypes). The highest mutualism efficiency is reached under an intermediate level of plant population diversity.
Cytoplasmic incompatability in Drosophila melanogaster due to different Wolbachia genotypes
Authors: Ilinsky Yury Y , Zakharov Ilya K
Published: September 2017

Wolbachia is an endosymbiont prevalent among different arthropoda and in some Nematoda species. The bacteria ads across the populations of host species via induction of reproductive abnormalities: cytoplasmic incompatability, parthenogenesis, feminization, and male killing. we estimated the level of cytoplasmic incompatability in Drosophila melanogaster caused by three most prevalent Wolbachia genotypes, namely wmel, wmelCS и wmelCS2. wmel and wmelCS genotypes were shown to cause mild cytoplasmic incompatibility ( 10 %), while wmelCS Wolbachia were unable to do so. Possible mechanisms of sustainability of Wolbachia in the populations of Drosophila melanogaster are discussed.table border="0" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="0" tbody /tbody/table
Allantoin and urate as the supressors of genotoxic effect of the ultraviolet irradiation with wavelength 300-400 nm
Authors: Sazykina Marina A , Chistyakov Vladimir A , Kolenko Marina A , Azarin Kirill V
Published: September 2017

Genotoxicity of ultraviolet radiation with wavelength 300-400 nm (sunlight uVR) is mediated by the generation of reactive oxygen species. The research which was carried out on the base of developed early bacterial model indicated the existence of uV-protecting activity of allantoin, formed from uric acid in organisms of all vertebrates except human and anthropoid apes. The uric acid which is the end-product of purine catabolism in the organism of anthropoid apes, does not possess statistically significant protective effect. Safety of allanoin makes it a perspective component of sunlight protectors.
Approach to estimate mutagenic effect of polluted water by cytogenetic method on bioindicator species Asellus aquaticus (Isopoda)
Authors: Daev Eugene V , Dukelskaya Anna V , Kazarova Viktoriya E
Published: September 2017

Elevated frequency of chromosomal aberrations revealed by ana-telophase method in ponds and lakes corresponds to higher degree of anthropogenic pressure. Data obtained are compared with the influence of low-dose of ionizing radiation. Validity of the model for estimation of pollution degree and its mutagenic influence risk for human being is discussed.
Chironomus (diptera) polytene chromosomes functional activity under the influence of cholinotropic preparations
Authors: Fyodorova Irina A , Polukonova Natalia V , Dvoretsky Konstantin N , Bogoslovskaya Svetlana I
Published: September 2017

Morphometric analysis of nucleolar organizer (NO), Balbiani rings (BR) - BRsubB/sub, BRsub1G/sub, BRsub2G/sub, chromosome I arm puff B, chromosomes compactness activity change under the influence of cholinotropic preparations was carried out. Most sensitive criterion - chromosomes compactness is, most stable under the influence of stress - NO is. Atropine and pilocarpine antagonistic effect on the polytene chromosomes (PC) sites activity pilocarpine manifested itself in functional activity and restoration period duration change: on cholinoblocker effect activity decreased, while on cholinomimetic effect activity increased.
The association gene polymorphisms with risk of cancer in long-term «low-dose» y-irradiation exposure
Authors: Litvjakov Nikolay V , Freydin Maksim B , Takhauov Ravil M , Ageeva Alena M , Volkova Natalia M , Ivanina Polina V , Goncharik Olesya O , Vasilyeva Elena O , Skobelskaya Elena V , Karpov Andrey B
Published: September 2017

The association of 13 biallelic polymorphisms of genes hOGG1 977C G, XPD1 2251A C, XPG1 3310G C, XRCC1:580C T, 839G A, 1196GA GSTT1 («+»/«-»), GSTM1 («+»/«-»), CYP2C19 681G A, NOS3: -665CT, 774С T, 894G T, VNTRint4 with risk of development of malignant new growths (MNG) in conditions of "low-dose" ionizing irradiation was investigated. In 1 group of irradiated patients of malignant new growths there are 96 persons, in 2 group of non-irradiated patients of MNG - 135 persons, in 3 control group - 148 healthy irradiated workers of the Siberian Group of Chemical Enterprises. By means of procedure FDR it is shown that only polymorphic variants of gene CYP2C19681G* are authentically associated with risk of occurrence of MNG against an irradiation. 1 genotype consisting of a combination of 5 polymorphic loci is selected. Frequency of occurrence of this genotype in 1 group makes 16,9 % (14/83), in 2 group - 1,0 % (1/100), in 3 group - 0,84 % (1/119). At its carriers in conditions of low-dose irradiation more than in 20 times the risk of occurrence of MNG (OR between 1 and 3 groups (95 % CI) = 24,14 (3,21-502,64) increases; p = 0,0000581, taking into account the correction of Bonferroni р = 0,01046).
ALLО- AND SYMPATRIC SIBLING SPECIES OF SACCHARОMYСES CEREVISIAE: DNA-DNA REASSOCIATION
Authors: Mikhailova Yuliya V , Castello Sofia , Naumova Elena S , Naumov Gennadiy I
Published: September 2017

Precise DNA-DNA reassociation data were obtained for new biological species S. cariocanus, S. kudriavzevii and S. mikatae, for the first time. The three species showed 25-51 % - of DNA-DNA reassociation with one another and with the known species S. cerevisiae, S. bayanus and S. paradoxus.Only in the combination S. paradoxus × S. cariocanus there was 99 % DNA-DNA homology. Despite high DNA-DNA reassociation value, the two yeasts are genetically isolated: their hybrids are sterile forming non-viable meiotic products (ascospores). Having four reciprocal translocations in its karyotype, S. cariocanus represents species in statu nascendi.
Variability of flax characters, associated with fibre formation, and environmental influence on their expression
Authors: Brach Nina B , Sharov Ivan Ya , Pavlov Andrey V , Porokhovinova Elisaveta A
Published: September 2017

In this work the results of long-term evaluation of lines of flax genetic collection created in VIR are generalized. A wide variability of fibre productivity and quality characters, and also stability of their manifestation in varying environment is revealed. The genotypes possessing contrast traits of productivity, quality and stability of their display in different years are distinguished. Dependence of correlations between the evaluated characters on the environment parameters is detected. The described lines can serve as a material for profound studying of physiological processes of fibre formation, for the analysis of traits inheritance and successful breeding.
EXPRESSION OF RECOMBINANT RECEPTOR PROTEINS SYM10 AND SYM37 PISUM SATIVUM INVOLVED IN PERCEPTION OF LIPO-CHITOOLIGOSACCHARIDES NOD FACTORS
Authors: Dolgikh Elena A , Leppyanen Irina V , Zhukov Vladimir A , Tsyganov Viktor E , Tikhonovich Igor A
Published: September 2017

In the legume-Rhizobium interaction Nod factors emanating from rhizobia trigger a complex of specific responses in epidermis, pericycle and root cortex of the plant, thereby providing the basis for subsequent bacterial entry and organogenesis of root nodules. Since Nod factors are biologically active at pico-nanomolar concentrations and their activity depends on Nod factor structural features, it suggests the presence of high affinity receptors to these molecules. Genetic analysis of pea mutants allowed to identify genes that are essential for symbiosis development and among of them the PsSym10 and PsSym37. These genes are predicted to encode LysM-receptor-like kinases with LysM motifs in extracellular domain (LysM-RLKs). These proteins may be potential receptors to Nod factors. However experimental evidence of Nod factor binding to the putative receptors is needed to confirm the biochemical function of receptors. Mainly, it depends on the problems with receiving of membrane receptors. In this work the heterologous expression of SYM10 and SYM37 was conducted in bacterial cells. We have also optimized the conditions for recombinant proteins purification and obtained specific antibodies for next immunoenzyme analysis of two LysM-RLKs in legume plants.