bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Community Members’ Input into Cancer Prevention Campaign Development and Experience Being Featured in the Campaign
Authors: Katz Mira L. , Keller Brittney , Tatum Cathy M. , Fickle Darla K. , Midkiff Courtney , Carver Sharon , Krieger Janice L. , Slater Michael D. , Paskett Electra D.
Published: September 2015

Background . Colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence and mortality rates are increased and CRC screening rates are lower among Appalachia Ohio residents. Objectives. We sought to describe 1) a partnership of cancer researchers and community members that developed county-specific media campaigns to improve CRC screening rates (intervention) and fruit and vegetable consumption (control) and 2) the experience of community members featured in the campaigns. Methods . Community members assisted with campaign development, were featured in campaigns, identified locations for materials, and promoted the campaigns. Campaigns included billboards, posters, and information in local newspapers. A mailed survey assessed featured community members’ experiences in the campaigns. Lessons Learned . Ongoing communication among members of the partnership was critical to successful community-level campaigns. Featured community members had mostly positive experiences about being included in the campaigns. Conclusions . Having a shared vision, ongoing trust, and good communication are essential elements to maintaining a viable academic–community partnership.
CIRTification : Training in Human Research Protections for Community-Engaged Research Partners
Authors: Anderson Emily E.
Published: September 2015

Background : Human research ethics training should provide relevant, meaningful information and build skills. Compliance should not be the only goal; training should also enhance knowledge, skills, and capacity. However, most currently available human research ethics training programs are geared toward learners who already have some research experience and working knowledge of research methods (e.g., graduate students, junior researchers); many community partners, however, have little or no prior exposure to research. More important, standard training programs do not adequately address the unique context of community-engaged research (CEnR). Objectives : This article describes the development process, final curricular materials, and suggestions for successful implementation of CIRTification , a human research ethics training program designed specifically for community research partners who will be working on the “frontlines” of research. Methods : Development of CIRTification involved an extensive literature review, consultation with stakeholders including community partners, academic researchers, and human research protection program personnel. Conclusions : The curriculum, as well as information and materials to help potential users promote acceptance of the curriculum by their local institutional review boards (IRBs), are freely available online at www.go.uic.edu/CIRT . Ideally, community research partners who complete CIRTification will not only learn about the importance of protecting research participants but also be empowered to substantially contribute to the ethical practices of their respective research collaborations.
Results of the Community Health Applied Research Network (CHARN) National Research Capacity Survey of Community Health Centers
Authors: Song Hui , Li Vivian , Gillespie Suzanne , Laws Reesa , Massimino Stefan , Nelson Christine , Singal Robbie , Wagaw Fikirte , Jester Michelle , Weir Rosy Chang
Published: September 2015

Background : The mission of the Community Health Applied Research Network (CHARN) is to build capacity to carry out Patient-Centered Outcomes Research at community health centers (CHCs), with the ultimate goal to improve health care for vulnerable populations. Objectives : The CHARN Needs Assessment Staff Survey investigates CHCs’ involvement in research, as well as their need for research training and resources. Results will be used to guide future training. Methods : The survey was developed and implemented in partnership with CHARN CHCs. Data were collected across CHARN CHCs. Data analysis and reports were conducted by the CHARN data coordinating center (DCC). Results : Survey results highlighted gaps in staff research training, and these gaps varied by staff role. Conclusions : There is considerable variation in research involvement, partnerships, and focus both within and across CHCs. Development of training programs to increase research capacity should be tailored to address the specific needs and roles of staff involved in research.
Rationality and Religious Traditions: An Epistemological Approach to Theology of Religions
Authors: Brewer David J.
Published: September 2015

precis:
Drawing on the work of Alasdair MacIntyre, I argue that it is possible to evaluate the epistemic standing of religious traditions by comparing the narrative history of their epistemic progress and looking for places where there is asymmetry. Specifically, I consider the Christian and Islamic traditions and the extent to which each has been able to resolve respective problems concerning the issue of divine action that has been raised in light of modern science. Explicit in this argument is that questions of epistemology can be distinguished from those of soteriology. Thus, denying the truth of a particular tradition does not have to result in denying its authentic spiritual connection or its soteriological standing.
Intimate Relations: Psalms and Bhakti Poetry
Authors: McDermott Rachel Fell , Polish Daniel F.
Published: September 2015

precis:
Even a casual reading of the biblical Psalms and the poetry of bhakti (devotion) reveals stunning similarity in style, modes, content, and focus. The fact that the two traditions share a very similar literature is worthy of acknowledgement and comment. In this essay, we will follow two principle modes of exploration: After a historical introduction to both the Psalms and bhakti poetry, we first use the Book of Psalms to establish categories by which to examine the bhakti literature; second, we adopt the reverse tactic, looking into characteristics indigenous to Hindu devotionalism in order to ponder the Psalms anew. In conclusion, we summarize the similarities and differences between the two genres and attempt to account for them historically and phenomenologically.
Butch Life Writing: Private Desires and Public Demands in the Works of Gertrude Stein
Authors: Hammer Karen Allison
Published: September 2015

In 1933, Gertrude Stein simultaneously wrote The Autobiography of Alice B. Toklas , which fulfilled her desire for wider acclaim, and Stanzas in Meditation , her most emotionally complex and perhaps least read poetic work. Stuttering and simmering by night in her stanzas, she managed to create by day a bestseller that propelled her into fame. While it is widely accepted that Stein’s gender and sex are central to her creative process, the article proposes through these two works that her writing aesthetic can be more specifically described as “butch.” A purposively less-than-academic term, butch can be used to consider in a more nuanced way Stein’s gender performance, as butch can describe a masculine lesbian who typically desires a more feminine counterpart, and who confronts the world with an impenetrable gaze while maintaining a hidden tenderness. Importantly, butch does not locate “true gender,” but rather unpacks the historical and present-day complexities of a particular style of lesbian performance. Twenty-first-century critics must be attentive to the continuing lesbian absence in contemporary scholarship. The article argues that reading Stanza s and Autobiography through butch requires a renewed commitment to feminist criticism and reengagement with Terry Castle’s concept of the apparitional lesbian . Despite institutional trends that suggest otherwise, there persists a gap in understanding of how lesbians have chosen to navigate their loves, bodies, oppressions, fantasies—and pens.
“I don’t wanna time travel no mo”: Race, Gender, and the Politics of Replacement in Erykah Badu’s “Window Seat”
Authors: Shaw J. Brendan
Published: September 2015

In her 2010 music video “Window Seat,” Black singer Erykah Badu claims the space of John F. Kennedy’s iconic presidency by walking the route taken by his motorcade the day of his assassination and stripping naked. Badu and other recent Black female artists perform what this article calls a “politics of replacement,” using visual media to restage historical moments and replace iconic white figures with their Black bodies in a disruptive manner. The politics of replacement in “Window Seat” unsettles official narratives of a linear progress from racism and inequality to post-racism and equality by returning to the visual memory of Kennedy’s assassination that has been folded into a larger narrative of civil rights. Despite the supposedly post-racial nature of US society, governmental and social strictures continue to police the Black female body as sexual, maternal, deviant, and/or queer. Badu’s fine for disorderly conduct by the city of Dallas serves as a concrete example of the ongoing structural limitations placed on African American women. This article understands “Window Seat” as part of an ongoing tradition of Black feminist intellectual work undertaken outside of the academy through cultural production.
Anti-Immigration as Austerity Policy: The Rejection of Maternalist Governance in Arizona’s SB 1070 Immigration Law
Authors: Swenson Haley
Published: September 2015

This article argues that Arizona’s immigration law, Senate Bill (SB) 1070, marks a turn toward austerity as the basis for immigration policy—a turn that was made possible, in part, by the economic crisis and state budget crises taking place in 2010. The anti-immigrant discourses of Governor Jan Brewer and State Senator Russell Pearce linked crackdowns on immigration to a larger rejection of the maternalist, welfare state as not only impractical, but dangerous. The insertion of this austerity logic into immigration policy divides between citizens who deserve scarce resources and noncitizens who do not, supposedly in the interest of “the economy.” These distinctions are based primarily on the presumed economic ineptitude and illegitimacy of immigrant families. Last, the article explores how austerity logic traveled from Arizona to other states and argues for non-economistic responses to this surge of legislation and austerity policy more broadly.
The Politics of Narrative, Narrative as Politic: Rethinking Reproductive Justice Frameworks through the South Dakota Abortion Story
Authors: Thomsen Carly
Published: September 2015

The article examines the 2006 struggle over abortion rights in South Dakota in order to consider the circulation of narratives on two distinct, but intersecting scales: first, the use of women’s individual narratives as a rights-gaining strategy; and second, the narratives that reproductive justice scholars and activists have constructed about these movements. The article argues that the case of the South Dakota abortion wars encourages a rethinking of feminist assumptions regarding the political utility of personal narratives, and that the engagement of Native women in this case suggests the need for more complex understandings of the relationship of reproductive justice to reproductive rights frameworks. Scholars often produce these positions as fundamentally different, but, in practice, they often overlap in ways that suggest their deep intertwinement. This analysis adds to critical scholarship on reproduction not only in its focus on aspects of a case that have largely escaped attention, but, more importantly, in its insistence that broader social frames can be understood through a rethinking of the political utility of both personal and movement narratives.
Performing Gender in Life and Art: Pilar Miró and El pájaro de la felicidad
Authors: Ugalde Sharon Keefe
Published: September 2015

Pilar Miró’s positions in the public sector and the film industry are an indication of the rapidly evolving roles of women in Spain during the mid-1970s through the 1980s. Most significant, and the focus of this study, is how Miró as director of El pájaro de la felicidad reflects the transformation of gender constructs during that period. Miró’s artistry succeeds in expressing the protagonist’s inner turmoil as she counters normative gender behavior. An intricate design of chiaroscuro, symbolism, the presence of the camera, intertextuality, and the foregrounding of art as process makes palpable the protagonist’s emotional state of disempowerment and her resolve to find an elsewhere where viable positions of subjectivity are possible.
Más allá del fútbol : Teaching Highland Afro-Ecuadorian Culture and Engaging Race and Racism through Documentary Film
Authors: Ruggiero Diana M.
Published: September 2015

This study presents strategies for teaching highland Afro-Ecuadorian culture and for broaching the topic of race and racism through the documentary film Más allá del fútbol . Produced in 2008 by the author, this film explores afrochoteño identity and culture as well as the issues of race and racism in Ecuador through a discussion of bomba , a genre of song and dance. The film’s narrative and discourse speaks to the current afrochoteño struggle for social equity and also indexes recent shifts in perceptions and representations of national and ethnic identity in Ecuador. As such, Más allá del fútbol provides educators an opportunity to go beyond grammatical structures and to address not only Afro-Ecuadorian history and culture, but also relevant social, cultural, and political issues. The instructional strategies presented therefore attend to the film’s context, content, and discourse through a variety of critical and reflexive assignments and activities, including readings, viewing guides, journaling, songwriting, dance, and discussion. These activities allow students to reflect on the epistemological value of such oral and embodied traditions as music and dance. Taught in this way, Más allá del fútbol advances the goals of translingual and transcultural competence.
Memory, Trauma, and Phantasmagoria in Claudia Llosa’s La teta asustada
Authors: Rueda Carolina
Published: September 2015

The film La teta asustada (Claudia Llosa, 2009) was inspired by the text titled Entre prójimos: El conflicto armado interno y la política de la reconciliación en el Perú by the medical anthropologist Kimberly Theidon. In this study, Theidon compiles the testimonies of a group of indigenous women who were sexually assaulted by members of revolutionary groups and the Peruvian army during a period of intense political and economic turmoil in the country. Llosa reinterprets the essence of the testimonies and the imprint of trauma in the film without depicting explicit violence, but rather through a highly poetic narrative and aesthetics. This study highlights the significance of breast milk in the film, the fear that invades the protagonist’s body, and the use of singing as a catalyst of oppression. Walter Benjamin’s “phantasmagoria” is the central theoretical concept used to examine physical patterns associated with the distress hidden in the individual and collective unconscious. The potato plant, the arid landscape, and the old aristocracy relics that carry high metaphorical signification are discussed using this theoretical framework, while also emphasizing the effectiveness of Llosa’s visual subtleness in depicting the essence of trauma as a shocking consequence of violence against civilians in a state of war.
Promoting Cultural and Linguistic Competence with Documentary Film in Spanish
Authors: Hertel Tammy Jandrey , Harrington Stasie
Published: September 2015

The 2007 MLA report “Foreign Language and Higher Education: New Structures for a Changed World,” with its call to institutions of higher education to reexamine their curricula and include more in-depth cultural content into all courses, reminded foreign language educators of the important goal of helping students gain translingual/transcultural competence. Finding appropriate teaching tools to attain this goal, however, is often challenging for instructors since textbooks tend to focus primarily on vocabulary and grammar instruction and often present cultural topics via “culture boxes” and superficial, pedagogically prepared readings. Directly addressing this challenge, the present article explores how learners’ cultural and linguistic competence can be developed by having them actively engage with the content in documentary films from the Spanish-speaking world. Documentaries, rich sources of authentic linguistic input, provide in-depth cultural content from a variety of perspectives on both historical and contemporary issues. Following a discussion of the rationale behind using documentary films as a learning tool in Spanish classrooms of varying levels, specific guidance is provided for instructors regarding how to find and choose films, how to create and use materials that scaffold learning, and how to critically examine the multiple perspectives that are present in documentaries.
De Pedro Calderón de la Barca a Luis Saslavsky: Un estudio literario-cinematográfico de La dama duende
Authors: Domènech Conxita
Published: September 2015

Este ensayo examina un clásico del teatro barroco, La dama duende (1629) del dramaturgo Pedro Calderón de la Barca, y un clásico del cine argentino, La dama duende (1944) del director Luis Saslavsky. La comedia y el filme se analizarán equitativa y conjuntamente, tal y como se haría en un curso literariocinematográfico. La comedia perteneciente al género de capa y espada se transformará en un filme pintado con los más conocidos cartones para tapiz de Francisco de Goya. Asimismo, los escritores María Teresa León y Rafael Alberti convertirán la obra del siglo XVII en una verdadera película de exiliados españoles en la Argentina.
Encountering Difference: Images of Otherness in Contemporary Spanish Film
Authors: Smith Andrea Meador , Campbell Sarah Cox
Published: September 2015

Addressing the underrepresentation of films by female directors in Spanish language and culture classes, this work proposes the inclusion of two films, Chus Gutiérrez’s Retorno a Hansala (2008) and Icíar Bollaín’s También la lluvia (2010), in the curriculum of advanced or upper-level Spanish courses. Both films expand students’ knowledge of current and historical events affecting the Spanish-speaking world, offer opportunities for additional research and investigation, and pose thought-provoking questions for students to consider and debate. Although they deal with topics as diverse as the Conquest of the New World and contemporary North African immigration to Spain, both films are ultimately concerned with issues of identity and allow students to reflect upon enduring questions related to Otherness, marginality, and the search for belonging. We provide a rationale for the inclusion of each film and suggest pre-viewing tasks, discussion topics, and post-viewing activities for undergraduate language learners.
El cine según David Bordwell: Neoformalismo y el concepto de totalidad
Authors: Oropesa Salvador
Published: September 2015

El crítico cinematográfico David Bordwell, etiquetado como neoformalista, aboga por una interpretación total del texto cinematográfico. Bordwell estudia el tema o temas de la película a partir de su representación formal. Según Bordwell la primera labor del crítico de cine es ser una persona con una cultura general amplia y la segunda es poseer un conocimiento profundo de la historia del medio. Su labor crítica se centra en dos aspectos principales, el espacio cinematográfico y la estructura de la trama. Esta premisa implica una especial atención a los aspectos formales del cine: escenografía, iluminación, composición de la imagen, disposición de los actores, la continuidad entre escenas, tipos de planos, el actor como centro y el espectador como reconstructor de la historia, las convenciones de los géneros cinematográficos, las idiosincrasias culturales de cada país y los mecanismos de distribución. El crítico debe analizar el mayor número de estos aspectos para comprender mejor la película. El mensaje, los temas, se presentan explícitamente en la trama pero también integrados en las técnicas (si se ha hecho un buen trabajo), al final, cada espectador reconstruye el texto cinematográfico en su complejidad estética y formal.
Direct vs. Indirect Moral Enhancement
Authors: Schaefer G. Owen
Published: September 2015

Moral enhancement is an ostensibly laudable project. Who wouldn’t want people to become more moral? Still, the project’s approach is crucial. We can distinguish between two approaches for moral enhancement: direct and indirect. Direct moral enhancements aim at bringing about particular ideas, motives or behaviors. Indirect moral enhancements, by contrast, aim at making people more reliably produce the morally correct ideas, motives or behaviors without committing to the content of those ideas, motives and/or actions. I will argue, on Millian grounds, that the value of disagreement puts serious pressure on proposals for relatively widespread direct moral enhancement. A more acceptable path would be to focus instead on indirect moral enhancements while staying neutral, for the most part, on a wide range of substantive moral claims. I will outline what such indirect moral enhancement might look like, and why we should expect it to lead to general moral improvement.
From cumulative to separative exponence in inflection: Reversing the morphological cycle
Authors: Igartua Iván
Published: September 2015

Morphological strategies for inflectional exponence have traditionally been associated with different stages in the evolution of languages. Moreover, the so-called morphological cycle (or the typological cycle in morphology) is claimed to involve a unidirectional sequence of changes that leads from isolation to agglutination (separative exponence in inflection) and subsequently to fusion (cumulative exponence). But this rigid schema happens to exclude a wealth of diachronic developments that are solidly attested in the history of various languages: the shift from cumulative toward separative exponence perhaps constitutes the strongest challenge to the unidirectionality hypothesis implied by the classic typological cycle. Here I survey the data illustrating agglutinative developments inside fusional systems, a task that first requires a canonical definition of morphological techniques. Then the mechanisms underlying this significant typological change are classified and analyzed in detail. The final part of the article is devoted to discussing the possible causes behind the reversal of the morphological cycle. The diachronic evidence at our disposal points to a rather clear differentiation between the language-internal causes that seem to determine the shift from agglutinative to fusional structures and the language-external causes (contact influence of a particular kind) that commonly lie behind the reverse morphological change.
The coordinate structure constraint as a discourse-oriented principle: Further evidence from Japanese and Korean
Authors: Kubota Yusuke , Lee Jungmee
Published: September 2015

We reexamine the status of the coordinate structure constraint (CSC; Ross 1967) by drawing on evidence from Japanese and Korean. Contrary to the standard view that the CSC is a syntactic constraint, the empirical patterns from the two languages show that it should instead be viewed as a pragmatic principle. We propose a pragmatic analysis by building on and extending a previous proposal by Kehler (2002). Examining the Japanese and Korean data turns out to be vital in the comparison of the syntactic and pragmatic approaches, since the syntactic differences between the relevant constructions in the two languages and their counterparts in English crucially distinguish the predictions of the two approaches.
The syntax of Sanskrit compounds
Authors: Lowe John J.
Published: September 2015

Classical Sanskrit is well known for making extensive use of compounding. I argue, within a lexicalist framework, that the major rules of compounding in Sanskrit can be most appropriately characterized in syntactic, not morphological, terms. That is, Classical Sanskrit ‘compounds’ are in fact very often syntactic phrases. The syntactic analysis proposed captures the fact that compound formation is closer to a morphological process than other aspects of syntax, and so permits some acknowledgment of the gradient nature of the word–phrase divide, even within a strictly lexicalist theory.
Differential object marking in Spanish, Hindi, and Romanian as heritage languages
Authors: Montrul Silvina , Bhatt Rakesh , Girju Roxana
Published: September 2015

Erosion of differential object marking (DOM)—the overt morphological marking of animate direct objects—has been observed in Spanish heritage speakers who are second-generation immigrants in the United States (Montrul 2004, Montrul & Bowles 2009). We investigated whether DOM is similarly vulnerable in heritage speakers of Hindi and Romanian, two other languages that also exhibit DOM, as well as in first-generation immigrants, adults who are presumably the main source of input to heritage speakers. We report the results of three experimental studies testing acceptability of DOM through a bimodal judgment task in first- and second-generation Spanish, Hindi, and Romanian speakers in the US and native speakers in Mexico, India, and Romania matched for age and socioeconomic status. Our results show structural changes with DOM in all of the heritage speaker groups to different degrees. Acceptance of nontarget DOM omission was more extensive in Spanish than in Hindi and Romanian. First-generation Hindi and Romanian immigrants did not differ in their grammatical proficiency and acceptance of DOM omission from the Hindi and Romanian speakers tested in India and in Romania. However, the first-generation Mexican immigrants displayed similar performance to the Spanish heritage speakers, suggesting that Spanish DOM is prone to L1 attrition in the first generation as well. We discuss linguistic and experiential factors relevant to the three languages and the three immigrant communities to explain these findings.
Explanatory adequacy is not enough: Response to commentators on ‘Child language acquisition: Why universal grammar doesn’t help’
Authors: Ambridge Ben , Pine Julian M. , Lieven Elena V. M.
Published: September 2015

In this response to commentators on our target article ‘Child language acquisition: Why universal grammar doesn’t help’, we argue that the fatal flaw in most UG-based approaches to acquisition is their focus on describing the adult end-state in terms of a particular linguistic formalism. As a consequence, such accounts typically neglect to link acquisition to the language that the learner actually hears, instead assuming that she is able, by means usually unspecified, to perceive her input in terms of high-level theoretical abstractions.
The acquisition of prosody in American Sign Language
Authors: Brentari Diane , Falk Joshua , Wolford George
Published: September 2015

This is the first comparative analysis of prosody in deaf, native-signing children (ages 5;0–8;5) and adults whose first language is American Sign Language (ASL). The goals of this study are to describe the distribution of prosodic cues during acquisition, to determine which cues across age groups are most predictive in determining clausal and prosodic boundaries, and to ascertain how much isomorphy there is in ASL between syntactic and prosodic units. The results show that all cues are acquired compositionally, and that the prosodic patterns in child and adult ASL signers exhibit important differences regarding specific cues; however, in all groups the manual cues are more predictive of prosodic boundaries than nonmanual markers. This is evidence for a division of labor between the cues that are produced to mark constituents and those that contribute to semantic and pragmatic meaning. There is also more isomorphy in adults than in children, so these results add to the debates about isomorphy, suggesting that while there is clear autonomy between prosody and syntax, productions exhibiting nonisomorphy are relatively rare overall.
Precede-and-command revisited revisited
Authors: Zwart Jan-Wouter
Published: September 2015

Basing his argumentation on an analysis of condition C effects, proposes to replace the familiar notion of c-command underlying dependency relations with a precede-and-command condition, which defines dependency relations as precedence relations within a local domain (phase). In this reply I argue that condition C effects cannot be used to show the relevance of phases for the definition of syntactic dependency, and I question the conceptual necessity of the notion phase as currently defined.
Made-by-hand: [Re]valuing traditional (Japanese) textile practices for contemporary design
Authors: Parry-Williams Tim
Published: September 2015

Textiles touch all our lives – from the cradle to the grave – and serve increasingly diverse purposes. Historically, and as one of the first industrialized commodities, the skill and knowledge required to construct fabrics to clothe and furnish has dominated cultures worldwide. Contemporary Japanese textile design draws on countless traditions of often ancient but sustained craft practices. These traditions both respond to and employ the natural condition of things, exercising heightened and honed sensibilities to material know-how. Discussed through the discipline of woven textiles and, in particular, ‘traditional’ Japanese production systems, this article seeks to identify the location and distribution of both practical and aesthetic expertise in textile making and its transferable value for contemporary practices. The article presents case studies of surviving vernacular ‘cottage’ industries, where highly organized systems of knowledge exchange, spanning agricultural fibre production to direct technical instruction in thread making, ensure effective engagement with and ‘management’ of very specific materiality. The notion of intangible cultural property will be discussed in the context of inherited knowledge and how traditional social hierarchies and knowledge systems have served to nurture and perpetuate the sharing of skills and understanding through generations of textile makers and making.
Joining in and dropping out: Hand-stitching in spaces of social interaction
Authors: Shercliff Emma
Published: September 2015

The scale and pace of hand-stitching match those of the body, grounding cognitive and emotional experiences of solitude or sociality in a tangible process. The hand–eye–mind coordination required cultivates a distinctive form of attention to the self. On the one hand, as a private, contemplative activity, the slow rhythms of hand-stitching allow an individual to carve out time and space for introspective reflection. A collective stitching practice on the other hand, with fragmented tasks of short duration and frequent changes of colour, structures a very different space. In this article I draw on my experiences of joining an embroidery group to explore the simultaneity of social, cultural and physical processes in stitching practices, speech patterns and group dynamics. Finding that embodied knowledge of the craft includes patterns of social and physical interaction – or separation, I propose that hand-stitching practices can suggest alternative ways of thinking about how we create and occupy personal and social spaces.
Semper’s Jumper: Hard softness and soft hardness in archi-textile design
Authors: JeffEries Tom , JeffEries Tom
Published: September 2015

This article contributes to an ongoing interdisciplinary dialogue between architectural and textile/fashion design. Over the past decade architectural theory has re-engaged with the ideas proposed by Gottfried Semper in the 1850s to explore new definitions of how material practices can be understood and articulated, particularly that architecture can be seen as the concretization of textile form and pattern. The article discusses three iterations of the architectural column, introducing themes of scale, material language, constructional method and formal representation and brings together the body, space, structure, form and ornament. COLUMN 1 is a highly decorated concrete structural version, which is hard throughout, but suggests softness by its reference to textile (armature is sleeve). COLUMN 2 is essentially an architectural garment. It uses seamless purl and plain knitting with ribs at either end. It is a soft tactile textile covering to a hard base (armature and sleeve). COLUMN 3 moves away from visual ornament and explores the structural 3D form of knitted textile. The structure is entirely soft. This iteration opens up possibilities for architectural forms that explore the unique properties of seamless knitting, with its inherent strength and elasticity. There is the potential when the form is soft to challenge a perception that architecture is ‘fixed’ and to develop architectural forms that can, through post-construction processes or smart materiality, later become hard (sleeve is armature). The research brings together through practice architectural and textile/fashion references. Their further development through digital approaches, innovative materiality and construction opens up a craft/design dialogue and interdisciplinary discourse in the exploration and realization of novel textile-informed architecture.
Craft in unexpected places
Authors: Macbeth Penny , Barber Claire
Published: September 2015

Within the shifting territories of craft practice, the handmade has become a relational form of contemporary activity that transforms our understanding of place through a hands-on, minds-on process of collectivemaking. The conceptual significance of craft is activated through a chance encounter with the handmade in daily life. During the article we aim to explore the confluence between crafting, social engagement, volunteering and the realms of education and creative practice that we have both experienced first hand. What will be revealed will be the voices of practitioners collectively exploring cloth’s potential as a metaphor for consciousness, carrier of narrative and catalyst for community empathy and cohesion. This will be informed by an enquiry into historical forms of communal crafting drawn from archival research at the Imperial War Museum London and Foundling Hospital Collection housed at the Foundling Museum in London and a primary case study of the workshop ‘Desconocida – Unknown – Ukjent’. We employ a method used in object-based research: a value system that can be applied to the consideration of cloth as an object of study – namely, the locational, iconographical, archival, aesthetic and transferral. Focusing particularly on the transferral and locational, we will examine the significance of the handmade gesture in particular artistic, political and social contexts. These visual and textual narratives will inform our perception of ‘Craft in unexpected places’ and bring visibility to a selection of craft interventions by making links between the wide-reaching possibilities for craft-based practices and their expressive potential within the social and political landscapes they inhabit.
Redrawing craft: Archival sources and the mark in the work of artist Danica Maier
Authors: Renton Lucy
Published: September 2015

‘Stitch & Peacock’, the title of this recent exhibition by UK-based American artist Danica Maier, at The Collection and Usher Gallery, Lincoln, alludes equally to the craft, the imagery and the subversive messages hidden in her drawings for this show. The result of a seven month residency by Maier, the exhibition is the latest in a series of invitations to contemporary artists by curator Ashley Gallant to respond to objects held in the archives, as a means of presenting new perspectives on historic artefacts. Maier chose a Jacobean crewel work bedspread and a range of sixteenth- and seventeenth-century samplers, and by making work in response to these fragile objects, develops a dialogue that allows her to repeat and refract the textiles through the lens of drawing, and to make critical comparisons and equivalences between the stitch, the pixel and the drawn mark. Through her juxtapositions and reworkings, she asks us to reflect on the social context of the original female makers; to speculate on their potentially supressed frustrations, and their subversive power. Her wider drawing practice also critically invokes notions of labour, craft and technology, through her mining of a variety of archives.
Exhibition review
Authors: Brown Vanessa
Published: September 2015

Don’t get comfortable: A review of ‘Knitting Nottingham’, Bonington Gallery, Nottingham Trent University, 6–28 November 2014
Cephalometric Floating Norms for Czech Adults
Authors: Řeháček Adam , Janega M. , Hofmanová P. , Dostálová T.
Published: September 2015

The purpose of this study was to establish floating cephalometric norms for the description of the individual skeletal pattern in Czech adults. Floating norms provide a method of analysis that uses the variability of the associations among suitable cephalometric measures, on the basis of the regression model combining both sagittal and vertical skeletal parameters. Harmony box is a simple and useful tool for diagnostics of orthodontic anomalies according to individual cephalometric norms. 118 subjects, 53 male and 65 female, from Czech population were selected. The method of multiple regression analysis was used to determine interdependence among five cephalometric variables of the sample. Linear regression equations with corresponding r2 and standard error of the estimate (SE) were then illustrated as the harmony box. The results construct a harmony box based on correlated cephalometric variables. The multiple regression analysis of the data is graphically illustrated as a harmony schema which divides harmony box in three zones according to the type of the face – prognathic, orthognathic and retrognathic. The cephalometric floating norms describing the individual craniofacial pattern among Czech adults were established based on five correlated variables in the form of a harmony box.
Cryptic Chromosome Rearrangements in Five Patients, with Normal and/or Abnormal Karyotypes, Associated with Mental Retardation, Autism and/or Epilepsy, Detected by BAC Genome Array-CGH
Authors: Cabras V. , Milia A. , Montaldo C. , Nucaro Anna Lisa
Published: September 2015

This report describes the usefulness of the BAC genome array-CGH platform in the detection of cryptic rearrangements. We examined ten patients with normal and/or abnormal karyotypes and dysmorphic features, associated with mental retardation, autism and/or epilepsy. This approach led us to discover further cryptic chromosomal rearrangements, not previously detected by conventional cytogenetic procedures, and allowed us to better delineate genotype/phenotype correlation. Our experience shows the validity of the BAC platform as a reliable method for genome-wide screening of chromosomal aberrations in patient with idiopathic mental retardation and/or in association with autism and epilepsy.
Transfusion-related Acute Lung Injury: Report of Two Cases
Authors: Čermáková Zuzana , Kořístka M. , Blahutová Š. , Dvořáčková J. , Brát R. , Valkovský I. , Hrdličková R.
Published: September 2015

Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) is a severe life-threatening complication of blood transfusion, characterized by acute lung injury developing within 2–6 h of transfusion. However, TRALI is difficult to diagnose, and the initial report or suspicion of TRALI depends on close collaboration between clinical departments and transfusion centres. A total of 17 adverse post-transfusion reactions were reported to the Blood Centre of the University Hospital Ostrava as suspected TRALI between 2005 and 2010. We report two cases of serious TRALI with different pathogenetic mechanisms.
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Used in a Massive Lung Bleeding Following Pulmonary Endarterectomy
Authors: Kolníková Ivana , Kunstýř J. , Lindner J. , Lipš M. , Kopecký P. , Rulíšek J. , Bělohlávek J. , Balík M.
Published: September 2015

The authors present a case of massive lung bleeding following pulmonary endarterectomy (PEA) that was treated with peripheral veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV ECMO). The patient repeatedly underwent bronchoscopy for airway blood clot obstruction and finally was successfully weaned off the support. The authors discuss the indications for ECMO in treatment of the most serious complications following PEA, and emphasize the importance of echocardiographic evaluation of the right ventricular function in relation to the indicated type of extracorporeal support. Anticoagulation strategy for patients shortly after the major surgery connected to ECMO is also discussed.
Persistent Spontaneous Pneumothorax for Four Years: A Case Report
Authors: Mizuno Yoshimasa , Iwata H. , Shirahashi K. , Matsui M. , Takemura H.
Published: September 2015

Pneumothorax, defined as the presence of air in the pleural space, is usually classified as spontaneous or traumatic; it is unusual for pneumothorax to be categorized as being acute or chronic. Even if conservative treatment is chosen, the pneumothorax is cured when air in the pleural space dissolves into the venous blood. A 50-years-old Japanese man with no prior medical history was referred to our department with a right pneumothorax and two rightsided pulmonary nodules on chest X-ray and CT. The chest radiographs of past mass screening which was taken four years ago showed right pneumothorax and right-sided pulmonary nodules. From then, all chest radiograph and chest computed tomography showed right pneumothorax and pulmonary nodules. But he underwent no medical interventions. We designed to perform an operation for a treatment of right pneumothorax and the diagnosis of pulmonary tumors. We underwent right upper lobectomy and pleural decortication under video assisted thoracic surgery. We obtained pathological diagnosis of inflammatory pseudotumor and surrounding atelectasis. He was cured from pneumothorax and pulmonary tumors. A unique case of spontaneous pneumothorax presenting with a pleural air space that was confirmed by chest radiographs and computed tomography examinations over a 4-year period is reported.
Permanent prevalence of Nosema ceranae in honey bees (Apis mellifera) in Hungary
Authors: Csáki Tamás , Heltai Miklós , Markolt Ferenc , Kovács Balázs , Békési László , Ladányi Márta , Péntek-Zakar Erika , Meana Aránzazu , Botías Cristina , Martín-Hernández Raquel , Higes Mariano
Published: September 2015

Nosema ceranae is present in honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) colonies worldwide. Studies on the comparative virulence of N. ceranae and N. apis showed significant differences in individual mortality, and the prevalence of N. ceranae seems to be predominant in both the continental and the Mediterranean climate regions. This study attempted to monitor the geographical and seasonal distribution of these two Nosema species in Hungary, using a simple laboratory method. The distribution of N. ceranae and N. apis infection rates along all seasons was homogeneous (P = 0.57). In co-infected samples, the intensity of N. ceranae infection was always significantly higher than that of N. apis infection (P < 0.001). The infection rate of infected bees in exterior samples was higher than in interior samples in each season; however, the differences were not statistically significant. The species N. ceranae had been present in Hungary already in 2004. Statistical analysis of data shows that the infection level is best represented by sampling exterior bees to establish the proportion of infected bees rather than by determining the mean spore count.
Do gamblers eat more salt? Testing a latent trait model of covariance in consumption
Authors: Goodwin Belinda C. , Browne Matthew , Rockloff Matthew , Donaldson Phillip
Published: September 2015

A diverse class of stimuli, including certain foods, substances, media, and economic behaviours, may be described as ‘reward-oriented’ in that they provide immediate reinforcement with little initial investment. Neurophysiological and personality concepts, including dopaminergic dysfunction, reward sensitivity and rash impulsivity, each predict the existence of a latent behavioural trait that leads to increased consumption of all stimuli in this class. Whilst bivariate relationships (co-morbidities) are often reported in the literature, to our knowledge, a multivariate investigation of this possible trait has not been done. We surveyed 1,194 participants (550 male) on their typical weekly consumption of 11 types of reward-oriented stimuli, including fast food, salt, caffeine, television, gambling products, and illicit drugs. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to compare models in a 3×3 structure, based on the definition of a single latent factor (none, fixed loadings, or estimated loadings), and assumed residual covariance structure (none, a-priori / literature based, or post-hoc / data-driven). The inclusion of a single latent behavioural ‘consumption’ factor significantly improved model fit in all cases. Also confirming theoretical predictions, estimated factor loadings on reward-oriented indicators were uniformly positive, regardless of assumptions regarding residual covariances. Additionally, the latent trait was found to be negatively correlated with the non-reward-oriented indicators of fruit and vegetable consumption. The findings support the notion of a single behavioural trait leading to increased consumption of reward-oriented stimuli across multiple modalities. We discuss implications regarding the concentration of negative lifestyle-related health behaviours.
Hogyan változtak a koleszterinszintek az elmúlt 20 év alatt egy Békés megyei községben?
Authors: Márk László , Hanyecz Vince
Published: September 2015

Introduction: There are only limited data about the change of cholesterol levels at population level in Hungary. Aim: The aim of the authors was to compare current serum cholesterol levels to those measured 20 years ago in residents of a village in Békés County, Hungary. Method: Using a database of a general ptactitioner, serum cholesterol levels of 778 persons who participated in a screening program in 1994 in the village Méhkerék in Békés County were compared to those obtained 20 years later from 392 randomly selected persons matching age and gender. Results: The serum total cholesterol level of persons over 50 years was decreased by 5.9%, from 5.94±1.41 to 5.59±1.33 mmol/L (p≤0.01), while it remained unchanged in persons younger than 50 years of age. Conclusions: The decrease of serum cholesterol level observed in patients over 50 years of age can be a consequence of the widely used lipid lowering medication. The lack of change in persons below 50 years of age draws the attention that principles of primary prevention (diet, regular physical activity) should be used more consistently, and medical therapy should be applied when it is recommended by the guidelines. Orv. Hetil., 2015, 156(40), 1614–1617.
Anticancer and apoptotic effects of theaflavin-3-gallate in non-small cell lung carcinoma
Authors: Li Da-Wei , Meng Long , Zhang Kui-Xing , Zhang Wei-Ke
Published: September 2015

The objective was to determine the antiproliferative and apoptotic effects of theaflavin-3-gallate in human non-small cell lung cancer cells (A-549) along with determining the effect on cell cycle phase distribution, cell migration and invasion. Cell viability was determined by MTT assay while as phase contrast and fluorescence microscopies were involved to study apoptotic morphologi-cal features in these cells. Flow cytometry investigated the effect of theaflavin-3-gallate on cell cycle phase distribution. Theaflavin-3-gallate treatment led to a substantial cytotoxic effect in A-549 cancer cells with IC50 values of 42.1 µM and 27.9 µM at 24 and 48 hours respectively. Further, 80 and 160 µM dose of theaflavin-3-gallate induced apoptotic features including chromatin margina-tion and micronuclei presence. The population of cells in G2/M phase increased from 2.7% (control) to 6.8%, 17.2% and finally to 46.5% after treatment with 20, 80 and 160 µM concentration of theaflavin-3-gallate respectively indicating G2/M phase cell cycle arrest.

 