bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Investigation on Strength Deterioration of Aluminum Alloy Welded Joint under Thermal Cycling Conditions
Authors: Jin Cheng , Shi Chun Yuan
Published: February 2012

Effects of thermal cycling on the tensile strength of aluminum alloy welded joints are studied experimentally in this paper. The damage mechanisms are also analyzed based on the microstructure observations. Results reveal that certain thermal cycling can cause strength decrease especially at the heat affected zone of the aluminum alloy welded joint. The cyclic temperature and the external load are the key factors which influence the strength of the welded joint specimens, while the cyclic period has a minor effect in thermal cycling conditions. Microstructure analysis also shows that voids nucleation and evolution governs the damage process under thermal cycling condition.
Preparation and Characterization of Ti-SBA-15 Mesoporous Materials with Varying Si/Ti Molar Ratios
Authors: Huang Qiu Ying , Liu Wei , Ye Wen Hao , Zheng Xiu Cheng
Published: February 2012

Ti-SBA-15 mesoporous materials with different Si/Ti molar ratios were synthesized via a hydrothermal process and characterized by using various techniques. The effect of Si/Ti molar ratios in the gels on the structure and catalytic efficiency in epoxidation of cyclohexene was discussed in details. The results showed that all the Ti-SBA-15 materials retained SBA-15 mesoporous structure and exhibited good catalytic activity. Furthermore,the sample prepared with Si/Ti =50 exhibited the best catalytic performance under the reaction conditions.
Research and Development of U68CuCr Rail Steel
Authors: Ji Yu , Yang Zhong Min , Zhu Min , Zhang Wan Ling
Published: February 2012

According to characteristics of the marine environment corrosion, 980MPa steel were developed. After design rational chemical composition and production process, the full section hot-rolled corrosion-resistant sorbite rail steel were successfully developed. this kind of steel has fine grain size, high strength and perfect toughness. Dry-wet immersion test showed that lift of this rail is 70% longer than U75V.
Research on Compounding Porous Titanium Dioxide Film by MAO and Photocatalyst
Authors: Sun Sheng Min
Published: February 2012

Prepared porous titanium dioxide film on the titanium matrix by micro-arc oxidation(MAO) method. Using SEM, XPS, XRD, Raman and other testing methods, the titanium dioxide film was characterized. In the ultraviolet radiation, the effect of MAO titanium dioxide film on the degradation rate of Rhodamine B solution was measured, after 180 minutes, 90% Rhodamine B solution was degraded.
Research on the Problems of Land Subsidence and Soil Deformation Caused by Engineering Precipitation
Authors: Lei Wei
Published: February 2012

From the theory, the reasons of land subsidence caused by engineering precipitation are analyzed. According to the formula of calculating soil deformation, a more simple and accurate method to calculate soil deformation on precipitation zone is sought, which has been applied it to engineering practice and achieved good results, and provided confidence for the surrounding environment affected by engineering precipitation in the future.
The Application of Active Power Filter in Harmonic Suppression and Reactive Power Compensation with Medium and Small Capacity
Authors: Shi Wei , Huang Chuan Jin , Xu Chun Xiang
Published: February 2012

Focusing on the harmonic suppression and reactive power compensation with the medium and small capacity, the paper gives the solution based on the economical three-phase four-switch APF which uses the instruction current detecting algorithm based on the active power conservation to achieve the detection in real time mode. The whole system structure, the hardware implementation and software workflow analysis for the control system are presented. Application in the practical field project proves that the designed product works in high efficiency steadily.
Numerical Simulation of Flow Filed in ESP Outlet with Moving Electrode Type
Authors: Hu Man Yin , Liang Yu Chao , Che Kai , Han Guang , Chen Xiang
Published: February 2012

The numerical simulation of 2-D flow filed in ESP with Moving Electrode Type was carried out, in which a 2-equation model was adopted to simulate the flow field and the computation based on the SIMPLE algorithm and the geometric model was meshed with GAMBIT. The numerical simulation of flow field with FLUENT came to the conclusion that the air flow distribution in the electro static precipitator will change when the opening ratio of the electrodes and the air flow velocity in operation have changed, so the result of numerical simulation was reasonable for the design and operation of the ESP with Moving Electrode Type.
Stress-Strain Behavior of Hot-Compression Mg-Li Alloy
Authors: Wen Jian Bo , Liu Qian , Gai Deng Yu
Published: February 2012

The stress-strain behavior of hot-compression Mg-Li alloy was investigated by using a physical simulator Gleeble-3500 system. And the constitutive equation was set up by regression analysis and BP neural networks. Results show that the dynamic recrystallization occured during the hot-compression process. The grain size of the alloy increased and the stress decreased with increasing temperature. Regression analysis indicates that the flow stress can be expressed by hyperbolic sine model and the arithmetic average of errors is 14.13%. Training the flow stress prediction model with MatLab by an improved BP，the maximum arithmetic average of errors is 4.27%. The predicted stress-strain curves are in good agreement with the experimental results.
Porous Silicon Biosensor for the Detection of Transgenic Cotton of Antifeezing Protein
Authors: Zhang Yong , Lv Xiao Yi , Zhang Hong Yan , Jiang Tao , Ma Ji , Jia Zhen Hong
Published: February 2012

Genetic engineering has been used extensively for improving cold resistance in plants. In this paper, an optical immunoassay was developed by the optic reflectance spectroscopy of the porous silicon biosensor to monitor the success of transgenic frost-resistant cotton. Transgenic cotton extract samples and anti- antifreeze protein (AFP) antibodies were employed as the target and probe, respectively. Porous silicon is functionalized by using oxidation and silanization, then anti- AFP antibodies were immobilized to the porous silicon pore used a crosslink method. The changes of reflectance spectrum before and after antigen-antibody react ion are observed. The results show that transgenic frost-resistant cotton extract samples caused obvious red shift in reflectance spectrum of porous silicon while common cotton was not. Control experiment with negative antibodies shows high specifcity and conventional ELASA and Western experiment were also carried for comparison. Compare to conventional ELASA and Western, porous silicon biosensor is quick and accurate determination for the detection of transgenic cotton of antifeezing protein.
The Perspectives of Magnetic Fluid Deformable Mirrors for Adaptive Optics Systems
Authors: Wu Zhi Zheng , Liu Mei
Published: February 2012

Recently, magnetic fluid deformable mirrors (MFDMs) were proposed as a novel type of wavefront correctors for adaptice optics (AO) systems, which offer cost and performance advantages over existing wavefront correctors. These mirrors are developed by coating the free surface of a magnetic fluid with a thin reflective film of nano-particles. The reflective surface of the mirrors can be deformed using a locally applied magnetic field and thus serves as a wavefront corrector. In this paper, the working principle of MFDMs is first presented, then the perspectives of MFDMs that will have to be addressed before they can be finally used practically in AO applications are discussed.
An Algorithm to Estimate Daily Collectible Beam Radiation on South-North Oriented Solar Tube Collectors
Authors: Tang Run Sheng , Yang Yu Qin , Yu Ya Mei
Published: February 2012

It is essential to estimate the daily collectible radiation on collectors to predict the thermal performance of a solar system consisting of solar tube collectors. However, the calculation of daily collectible radiation actually received by a solar tube array is extremely complex. In this work, an algorithm for estimating daily beam radiation received by south-north oriented solar tube collectors (SNSTC) for the case of and is suggested based on monthly horizontal radiation and correlations suggested by Collares-Pereiraβ and Rabl. Comparisons of results between expected from the algorithm and those obtained by direct numerical calculations show that the proposed algorithm could accurately estimate the annual beam radiation actually received by a SNSTC.
Study on the Changing Law of Dissolved Oxygen of Baiyang Lake in Autumn and Winter
Authors: Ma Jian Wei , Liang Shu Xuan , Qin Zhe
Published: February 2012

Dissolved oxygen as a basic project of water quality monitoring can reflect water quality changing in time. The author studied the changing law of DO in Baiyang Lake with water depth and time in autumn and winter for providing important data to research the aquatic organisms living and water pollution state, a theory gist for water pollution control of Baiyang Lake was given at the same time.
Research about Generator in Architecture Refrigerant System
Authors: Yang Zhong Xuan
Published: February 2012

A steady distributed parameter method model for predicting the tube-in-tube generator in solar refrigerant system has been established based on the EES software and used R134a as refrigerant. Through the model to calculating the tube-in-tube generator best length, the influence of the length on the system generator capacity and COP is analyzed. The research for the optimization design about generator heat exchanger provides the theoretical support.
An Efficient Gradual Release Homomorphic Timed Commitment
Authors: Ruan Ou , Zhou Jing , Cui Guo Hua
Published: February 2012

2003, Pinkas first introduced the gradual release timed commitment, which has important applications for signatures/secrets exchange protocol and fair multi-party computation protocol. 2006, Garay et al. improved Pinkas’s construction by using a new variant of Garay-Jakobsson’s “time-lines”. However,in Garay et al.’s construction the committed value couldn’t be equal to 0.In the paper, we construct an efficient gradual release timed commitment based on Pedersen commitment and a variant of Garay et al.’s time-lines. In our construction, the committed value could be equal to 0, and our commitment has another important property: homomorphism.
Construction of Operation Mode of Reverse Logistics on Used Appliances in China Based on Energy Materials and Environment
Authors: Jiang Hua , Xu Yu Bo
Published: February 2012

With increased awareness of environmental protection, reverse logistics have become an increasing attention.Many countries have given the laws to protect the environment.Article discussed operating mode of reverse logistics of Chinese discarded appliances. Articles discussd the necessity to carry out reverse logistics on discarded appliances in China. This paper analyzes the factors of operating Mode. This paper compares three reverse logistics model on used appliances. Finally, the articles built operating mode of waste household appliances on reverse logistics suitable for China's view of the actual situation.
Characterization of Pyrolytic Char after Chemical Activation
Authors: Guo Xiu Juan , Wang Shu Rong
Published: February 2012

In this study, the pyrolytic char from fast pyrolysis of bamboo powder was activated with KOH solvent at 500, 600 and 700°C. And the characterization of chars before and after activation was carried out by means of N2 physisorption, XRD, FTIR and SEM. A better porous structure of activated chars was found. Compared with pyrolytic char, activated chars had higher fixed carbon content and BET surface areas, and fewer active functional groups on the surface to increase the degree of graphitization. With the temperature increasing, the activated char became much more suitable as the substitute of commercial activated carbon. Therefore, the char activated at 700°C was most stable and had the best properties as catalyst support and absorbent material
Study and Application of In-Tubing Flow Velocity for Preventing Erosion and Corrosion in Natural Gas Well
Authors: Li Ling Feng , Huang Zhi Qiang , Liu Xiao Ming
Published: February 2012

For natural gas well, erosion damage of the strings caused by high-velocity flowing gas is an important factor of gas well string life. Aiming at the gas well erosion, the different inner mechanisms of material erosion are analysed. This paper introduces calculation of in-tubing flow velocity for preventing erosion and corrosion. By taking Puguang gas field as an example, this paper optimizes the limiting anti-erosion production rate for different tubing sizes, and selects tubing sizes for Puguang gas field. Optimal modified gas well string in Puguang gas field has good performance of erosion resistance
3D Motion Reconstruction and Integration Based on Non-Linear Subspace
Authors: Zhu Hong Li , Xiang Jian
Published: February 2012

In this paper, we project the body motion to a lower-dimensional subspace with the dimensionality deduction method to get the inner structure of motion. The lower dimension non-linear projection in the subspace with the ISOMAP manifold learning method successfully construct the motion time model and form the new motion style. Experiment results show that the approaches are effective to process 3D human motion
Direct Calculation and Strength Assessment of the Crane Ship with Gin Pole Structure
Authors: Rong Rui Ya , Li Gang Qiang , Wang Gui Biao
Published: February 2012

According to the ships and offshore installations lifting equipment specifications, hull structure strength of the 300 tonnage crane ship and the gin pole structure strength are calculated by the software of MSC.PATRAN/NASTRAN. In this paper, four typical cases and different degrees of pole structure is analysis. The finite element simulation of this ship can provide a solution to the same types of ships.
Study on the Formation Mechanism and Control of Untrimmed Aluminium Foil’s Surface Dirty Defect
Authors: Gao Jing Zhong , Zhou Shu De , Zhang Guo Liang , Kong Xiang Hua
Published: February 2012

The surface dirty defect of untrimmed aluminum foil was analyzed by SEM and EDS. The results show that the amount of the aluminum powders on the cold rolling sheet is too much, which caused the surface dirty defect. The quantitative analysis of dealumination demonstrated that the oil film strength of rolling process is the key factor to solving the dirty defect, the larger oil film strength, the smaller dealuminated quantity. When oil film strength is more than 290 N, dealuminated quantity will decrease. By increasing casting rate and improving oil film strength in sheet and strip process, the surface dirty defect on untrimmed surface is successfully eliminated.
Effect of Interface States on the Open-Circuit Volatage in a-Si:H/c-Si Heterojunction Solar Cells
Authors: Luo Lan E , Zhong Chun Liang
Published: February 2012

The properties of the a-Si:H/c-Si interface are one of the critical issues for the photovoltaic application. The effects of the interface states on the open-circuit voltage VOC were performed by a set of simulations. VOC decreases with Dit increasing, especially at high values of Dit, since the interface states act as recombination centers to decrease the excess minority carrier density in c-Si. Since the conduction band offset ∆EC can saturate part of interface states, VOC increasing with ∆EC increasing.
Global Green New Deal and Chinese Green Economy Based on Environment and Energy Materials
Authors: Li Ding , Jiang Jing
Published: February 2012

2008 has seen the global financial crisis through which it is realized that a new growth mode, rather than Business as Usual, should be pursued in every country. Green New Deal, as a new economic growth mode, is generally accepted. Every country has increased the investment in green economy and made green economy a brand-new growth mode which resists economic and environmental crisis and promotes employment. Economy, environment and climates are the common problems all humans have to be faced with. Therefore, in the sense of Global Governance, Green New Deal shows a tendency to Global Green New Deal. Outstanding achievements have been made in China through the transformation of economic growth mode. Green Economy and Sustainable Development with Chinese characteristics have been gaining acceptance and approval by more and more countries.
The Quality Analysis of Electric Energy after Wind Power Grid Integration
Authors: Cai Gui Hua , Han Tao
Published: February 2012

The electric energy quality problems caused by the running of wind power grid integration such as flicker and harmonic wave are increasingly prominent with the increase of the proportion of wind power. This paper describes the impact of the wind turbine connected to the power grid on the electric energy quality and conducts a trial test and proposes measures to improve the quality of electric energy such as improving the grid structure, improving voltage level of wind farm access system and the application of dynamic reactive compensation to the SVC and so on.
Ferroelectric Domain Engineering in Stoichiometric LiNbO3 by Scanning Probe Microscopy
Authors: Bo Hui Feng , Zhang Zhan Xin , Hu Hong Kui , Wang Ru Zheng
Published: February 2012

Scanning force microscopy is used to investigate nanoscale ferroelectric domain engineering in near-stoichiometric lithium niobate (SLN) single crystals. The topography of the SLN single crystal was studied after polished to about 10 micron thickness. Dot patterns of the domain structure were fabricated by applying positive DC voltages of magnitude form 80 to 100 V with different pulse width from 0.5 to 20 s. The dot nanodomains of radius down to 200 nm were fabricated. With the increase of the magnitude of voltage and pulse width, feature size of switched domains increased to 940 nm.
Study and Analysis on Pollution of Expanding Project of Coal Gangue Power Plant
Authors: Su Rong Jun
Published: February 2012

In order to study the environmental impact of coal gangue power industry, took Expanding Project of Heilongjiang Dadong Coal Gangue Power Plant (EPHDCGPP) as an example to analyze its pollution. According to the requirements of Chinese environmental assessment and its project situation, analyzed its features of technology process and possible pollution of present plant and expanding project such as noise, dust, smoke, SO2, waste water and waste solid etc. Accident risk analysis was also done. Moreover, the intensity of polluting source were confirmed as 676.5 t/a of smoke dust and 680 t/a of SO2. All 7.6×104 t/a of ash and 2.23×105 t/a of slag will be sold to a local cement plant. Noises on boundary less than 50 dB(A) in day time and 45 dB(A) during night. There will no waste water discharge after expanding project. Meanwhile, measures to prevent above-mentioned pollution were proponed. This would lay a sound foundation for environmental impact assessment.
Research on Key Technology of Smart Substation with Intelligent Materials
Authors: Zheng Yuan Ping , Liang Yong Liang , Niu Lin
Published: February 2012

Smart substation is the intelligent node of the smart grid, which plays a fundamental part in the construction of the smart grid. This paper presents the concept and the technical characteristics of the smart substation and some important aspects in the development of Substation Automation System (SAS): the meaning, technical characteristics and the development of IEC61850 which is the international and the best standard for the construction of SAS; different Substation Communication (SC) architecture to ensure the reliability, availability and survivability of the geographically distributed complex power; the characteristics of Non Conventional Instrument Transformer(NCIT), the Intelligent Switchgear as well as their implement.
Research of Bond-Slip Constitutive Relation Model between Fiber Gypsum Board and Concrete Materials
Authors: Zhao Quan Bin , Jiang Xin Liang
Published: February 2012

How to establish the bond-slip constitutive relation model of concrete and gypsum board will be of great academic significance. Through the pull-out experiment of CFFP, the load-slip curves is obtained. The characteristics and research situation of bond-slip performance at the inter face of concrete and other materials are introduced, and the bond-slip constitutive relation models are summarized at the same time. By using the fitting operation, the proposed constitutive relation is put forward , which is feasible and can be applied to further research on CFFP.
An Effective Flame Segmentation Method Based on Ohta Color Space
Authors: Wu Jian Sheng , Zhang Bin , Gao Yun Ling
Published: February 2012

A new fire segmentation method is proposed, which based on OHTA color model and Otsu method. Through this method we can accurately split flame in different weather conditions and different environmental conditions outdoor. The flame can be extracted completely. The method takes advantage of the flame image color space, color information and spatial characteristics of the different complementary color and provides a new idea for the extraction of flame image. This is an efficient flame segmentation algorithm, and time complexity is low. And the conversion from the RGB color space to OHTA color space is linear. It can achieve flame object segmentation from video streams in Video-based flame detection system
FA-Based Optimal Strategy of Train’s Energy Saving with Energy Materials
Authors: Hu Hui
Published: February 2012

According to one energy-efficient mathematical model which usually uses GA algorithm to solve, a new algorithm based on firefly optimization algorithm is applied to solve it. Through calculation for a cited example, simulation results such as speed-position curve are got. Compared with other methods, it demonstrates this new FA-based algorithm has a better performance and can be considered to be put into practical use.
The Contribution of Nanotechnology for Removal of Water Pollutants
Authors: Anandan Sambandam
Published: February 2012

The use of nanosized semiconductor particles in various forms for the photocatalytic degradation of pollutants has been discussed. The aim of this review is to provide a critical analysis of various reports on the degradation of pollutants by various semiconductor nanomaterials. It has been shown that self-organized one-dimensional nanotube matrix creates a better opportunity to remove pollutants more efficiently than the randomly oriented nanoparticles. The use of metal doping and mixed semiconductor systems has also been analyzed. Although large improvements in the present technology are required, the review points to focus on the advantages of nanomaterials compared to bulk materials in efficient purification of water.
Treatment Methods for the Remediation of Amines: A Review
Authors: Pankaj  , Verma Mayank , Goyal Shikha , Patnala Prem Kishore
Published: February 2012

Various organic amines, most of which both toxic and carcinogenic, are being used extensively worldwide in the syntheses of azo-dyes, polyurethane, pesticides, nylon and many other nitro-aromatics. However, the uncontrolled discharge of these products, back into the environment, releases many primary or intermediate products with similar or even worse levels of toxicity. Therefore, knowledge of the degradation and complete mineralization of these amines, using best techniques with optimum efficiency, is needed. This review is aimed at summarizing the existing studies used for the degradation of amines, employing techniques, such as; biodegradation, thermal, chemical, electrochemical, photochemical, photocatalytic, sonochemical, sono-photo catalytic and sono-ozonation processes. The reactor design for the large scale degradation with optimum efficacy has also been discussed besides attempting a structural correlation to save the environment from such chemical hazards.
Photocatalysts and Photoreactors for Treatment of Industrial Effluents
Authors: Neti Nageswara Rao
Published: February 2012

Development of photocatalysts and photoreactors for treatment of industrial effluents is considered important to harness solar energy for environmental clean up. The photocatalytic method of decolorization of textile dyes utilizes UV component of sunlight (3-5%) and the only solid phase (TiO2catalyst) can be recycled on a technical scale. Moreover, the method does not produce any sludge unlike adsorption and coagulation methods. These attributes of the photocatalytic method are attractive for possible application in industry. Our group is presently working on pilot scale photoreactors and exploring feasibility of industrial application of this technique. We have developed a few TiO2based photocatalysts (P-25 TiO2, ZnO, TiO2(bulk) and rare earth metal (In2O3, Nd2O3, Yb2O3and Sm2O3) doped TiO2), photo catalyst bearing supports (e.g., acrylic sheet) and photoreactors (annular immersion well type, falling film type and shallow slurry photoreactors) for use with UV & sunlight. We have carried out a few tests with Solar Slurry Photoreactor (SSPR) in field using actual textile wastewater with encouraging results. The SSPR developed under this study was capable of decolorizing textile wastewater under specified conditions approximately with a treatment rate of 9.0 Lh-1. The reactor area exposed to sunlight was approximately 1 m2. Thus, a reactor having 18-20 m2exposed area would treat about 1.0 m3textile wastewater at a rate approximately equal to180 Lh-1. The present data suggest that it may be possible to apply this technique initially for the color treatment of textile wastewater from small dyeing operations. However, the details of techno-economic feasibility need to be assessed beforehand. The proposed book chapter would present details of all the above-mentioned efforts. It would be targeted to bring out inadequacies associated with the photocatalytic technology for wastewater treatment.
Photocatalytic Cement by TiO2 Addition
Authors: Periyat Pradeepan , Divya A.S. , Warrier K.G.K.
Published: February 2012

Photocatalytically active TiO2 and silica doped TiO2(Si-TiO2) synthesised using an aqueous sol-gel method and is characterised by particle size analysis, XRD, diffuse reflectance spectra and BET measurements. The photocatalytic analysis using methylene blue proved that the Si-TiO2possesses higher activity than pure TiO2. This Si-TiO2having higher photo-catalytic activity was incorporated into white portland cement and this modified cement exhibited photo-catalytic activity as evaluated by using methylene blue degradation experiments. This novel work is considered to be useful for further development of self-cleaning cements. Moreover silica doped to TiO2improved surface area and thermal stability of anatase TiO2significantly. At 800оC, 100 percentage anatase phase was obtained for Si-TiO2whereas pure TiO2showed 100 percentage rutile phase at the same temperature and surface aera of the Si-TiO2was 93 m2/g while pure TiO2showed only 2 m2/g.
Die gesag waarmee Jesus geleer het volgens Matteus 7:29
Authors: Viljoen Francois P.
Published: February 2012

The authority with which Jesus taught according to Matthew 7:29. This article focuses on Matthew’s claim as conclusion to the Sermon to the Mount that Jesus preached with unparalleled authority. To grasp the meaning and intention of this claim in Matthew 7:29, this statement is read as part of the development of the theme of Jesus’ authority within the Matthean gospel. The authority of Jesus is interpreted in relation with the authority of powerful imperial and Jewish figures of his time and the development of the concept of ἐξουσία [authority] in the first gospel. It is argued that by this claim Matthew intends to confirm the conviction of his community that Jesus is the Messiah and authoritative interpreter of the Law. Matthew argues that God’s kingdom has come despite opposition from the synagogue and its leaders, and of the physical dominance of imperial powers. As the church enjoys a privileged position in this kingdom, it has credibility and the authority to execute the commandments of Jesus.
Relationships between Physical Activity, Symptoms and Quality of Life among Inpatients with Severe Mental Illness
Authors: Bonsaksen Tore , Lerdal Anners
Published: February 2012

Introduction:

Interest in researching physical activity in relation to mental health is growing. This exploratory study investigated the relationships between self-reported physical activity, depression, anxiety and quality of life in patients with severe mental illness.

Method:

A cross-sectional, correlational design study was conducted at a psychiatric hospital department in eastern Norway. A convenience sample of 18 inpatients with severe mental illness was used. Physical activity was measured with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire; anxiety and depression were measured with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; and quality of life was measured with the World Health Organization Quality of Life — BREF. Correlation and multiple regression analyses were employed.

Results:

Bivariate analyses showed that patients with more depression and anxiety symptoms reported lower quality of life. There was no bivariate relationship between physical activity and quality of life, except in the psychological domain. Regression analyses confirmed relationships between higher depression and anxiety scores, and lower quality of life, whereas physical activity remained unrelated to quality of life.

Conclusion:

Preliminary findings indicate that the lack of relationship between physical activity and quality of life may be due to participants' severity of illness. Physical activity may be more important to quality of life in better-functioning patients.
Occupational Therapists Beware: Physical Activity Guidelines can Mislead
Authors: Handcock Phil , Tattersall Kevin
Published: February 2012

In response to widespread public health promotions, many health professionals have sought to deliver physical activity advice. Occupational therapists are well positioned to contribute to clients' adoption of physically active lifestyles. Employing a client-centred approach that incorporates meaningful activity into lifestyle patterns, occupational therapists collaborate with other health professionals and have the advantage of consulting within clients' occupational settings. Those without an academic grounding in exercise science are typically reliant upon published physical activity guidelines as a primary source of information. It is suggested that these guidelines have limitations that occupational therapists need to consider carefully when providing physical activity guidance.
Questionando o saber refletindo sobre o fazer: inquietações de professores sobre a profissionalidade docente universitária
Authors: Ramos Kátia Maria da Cruz
Published: February 2012

Este trabalho transita pelo movimento de reconceitualização da docência universitária e tem como propósito trazer elementos para o recente debate sobre essa profi ssionalidade, no contexto da compreensão da docência como uma profi ssão de relações. Para tanto, congrega dados de uma década de envolvimento em ações de atualização didático-pedagógica, endereçadas a professores universitários, estabelecendo diálogo com estudos que têm como base um olhar multirreferencial no quadro da compreensão e defesa de uma profi ssionalidade docente refl exiva, investigativa e crítica, baseada numa ética de responsabilidade individual e coletiva. Neste sentido, delineia caminhos que vêm possibilitando a professores universitários uma ressignificação da função docente, no contexto da compreensão de que questionar o saber e refl etir sobre o fazer é movimento inerente à docência em geral e dinâmica estruturante da profi ssionalidade docente universitária em particular.
Práctica, agencia e identidad y la docencia de la educación superior de tabasco (un estudio de caso)
Authors: Zavala Blanca Estela Arciga , Chirino Mario Enrique Hernández , Rodríguez Leticia del Carmen Romero , León Leonel García
Published: February 2012

La dinámica de cambio constante es una de las características contemporáneas de la educación superior, que van desde las políticas educativas que las orientan y se revierten en planes de estudio flexibles, programas por competencias, aprendizajes centrados en los alumnos, programas de estímulos económicos a la productividad, programas de tutorías etc., hasta el uso que las nuevas tecnologías traen consigo. Estos son los contextos y condiciones que hacen cada vez más necesario promover espacios de refl exión sobre los actores de la educación superior, y que en el presente trabajo se hace referencia a los docentes-académicos. Es de vital importancia que los académicos se puedan percibir a sí mismos, para así poder considerar o repensar sus metas, trayectorias académicas y prácticas o en todo caso las opciones que en relación a su profesión han tomado y están tomando. En este sentido el presente trabajo, tiene como objetivo presentar los resultados correspondientes a los datos en el orden de lo cuantitativo (con un origen previo cualitativo) sobre los docentes en la educación superior de Tabasco. Datos que se orientan a explorar su agencia, práctica e identidad docente, la cual involucra los factores de: origen de la práctica y la agencia que como actores han desplegado para su confi guración, así como la búsqueda de sentido y las lógicas que han articulado y articulan sus acciones en contextos y habitus específicos.
Inovação na aula universitária: espaço de pesquisa, construção de conhecimento interdisciplinar, espaço de aprendizagem e tecnologias de comunicação
Authors: Masetto Marcos Tarciso
Published: February 2012

Considerando-se o cenário de uma Sociedade do Conhecimento, este artigo procura refletir sobre as novas demandas que se propõem para a aula universitária e as possíveis inovações que possam atendê-las. Trabalhamos sobre quatro demandas que entendemos sejam as mais relevantes: Aula Universitária como espaço de pesquisa, como espaço de construção de conhecimento interdisciplinar, como espaço de desenvolvimento de aprendizagem e como espaço e tempo de uso das tecnologias de informação e comunicação. Cada uma destas demandas foi objeto de uma análise que propiciou sugestões de inovações possíveis. O objetivo deste artigo é colocar em debate a questão de encaminhamentos concretos para que as aulas universitárias possam efetivamente ser dinamizadas com procedimentos de inovação. O método que usamos para elaborar o presente trabalho foi o de ação – refl exão sobre a prática pedagógica de docentes universitários. Trabalhamos com três grupos de professores, em três áreas diferentes: engenharia, educação e odontologia. Cada um destes três grupos planejou aulas que exploraram ensino com pesquisa, conhecimento interdisciplinar e tecnologias de comunicação, integrados ao processo de aprendizagem de seus alunos. Sobre esta prática desenvolveu-se uma refl exão crítica que permitiu adaptações. O que neste artigo se apresentam são as conclusões a que chegamos a partir destas práticas pedagógicas e suas respectivas reflexões. Ainda como conclusão destas interações entre professores visando à inovação em aulas universitárias, pudemos observar que subliminarmente a todas as inovações sugeridas encontramos como elemento fundamental e imprescindível a necessidade de se criar e sustentar entre professor e alunos uma interação pessoal entre adultos.
Propostas marxistas de educação estética: aproximações e afastamentos em torno do fenômeno da catarse
Authors: Schühli Vitor Marcel , Rossler João Henrique
Published: February 2012

O presente trabalho buscou refl etir sobre o papel da educação estética naformação do indivíduo, a partir de teorias que apostam na possibilidade de a arte impulsionar a transformação sobre a realidade e contribuir para a superação da alienação. Foram analisadas as teorias de educação estética dos autores marxistas L. G. Iuldáchev, B. M. Teplov, e A. Sánchez Vázquez. No recorte aqui proposto, buscou-se demonstrar que, apesar de os três autores partirem de uma concepção histórico-social de individualidade, suas formulações diferem no que diz respeito à abordagem do fenômeno da catarse. Na dialética entre identifi cação e distanciamento do sujeito com o objeto artístico, a ênfase dos autores sobre um ou outro momento da relação acaba por marcar sua posição em torno do fenômeno da catarse. Enquanto em Iuldachév e em Teplov pode-se dizer que encontra destaque o momento da identifi cação, Sánchez Vázquez busca com o conceito de situação estética recuperar a importância do distanciamento nessa relação. Acredita-se que estudar as formulações desses teóricos pode iluminar as refl exões atuais sobre a educação estética, bem como auxiliar, com sua perspectiva materialista e dialética, a crítica aos estudos que absolutizam o papel da consciência no projeto de transformação social.
Classical Random Graphs with Unbounded Expected Degrees are Locally Scale-Free
Authors: Shang Yilun
Published: February 2012

A common property of many, though not all, massive real-world networks, including the World- Wide Web, the Internet, and social networks, is that the connectivity of the various nodes follows a scale-free distribution, P(k) ∞ k-α, with typical scaling exponent 2≤α≤3. In this letter, we prove that the Erdős-Ŕenyi random graph with unbounded expected degrees has a scale-free behaviour with scaling exponent 1=2 in a neighbourhood of expected degree hki. This interesting phenomenon shows a discrepancy from the Erdős-Ŕenyi random graph with bounded expected degree, which has a bell shaped connectivity distribution, peaking at 〈k〉, and decaying exponentially for large k.
Unsteady Flow of a Power–Law Fluid past a Shrinking Sheet with Mass Transfer
Authors: Yacob Nor Azizah , Ishak Anuar , Pop Ioan
Published: February 2012

The unsteady two-dimensional boundary layer flow past a shrinking sheet in a non-Newtonian power-law fluid is investigated. The governing partial differential equations are transformed into a nonlinear ordinary differential equation using a similarity transformation before being solved numerically by the Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg method and the NAG Fortran library subroutine DO2HAF with shooting technique. The results obtained by both methods are in good agreement. It is found that dual solutions exist for a certain range of the unsteadiness parameter and the suction parameter. Moreover, by increasing the power-law index n, the skin friction coefficient is enhanced.
Structures, Stabilities, and Electronic Properties of Gold Silicide Clusters: Comparison with Pure Silicon Clusters
Authors: Zhou Zhi-Jian , Hu Yan-Fei
Published: February 2012

The local meta-GGA (generalized gradient approximation) exchange correlation density functional (TPSS) with relativistic effective core potential was employed to systematically investigate the geometric structures, stabilities, and electronic properties of bimetallic Au2Sin (n = 1 - 8) clusters. The optimized geometries show that the most stable isomers have a three-dimensional structure except for Au2Si1,3 clusters. The doped gold atoms prefer to occupy the surface site in the Au2Sin clusters. Here, the averaged atomic binding energies and fragmentation energies show that the Au2Si5 isomer is the most stable among the Au2Sin (n = 1 - 8) clusters. A pronounced even-odd alternation is found in the energy difference between the highest occupied and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (HOMO-LUMO gaps), especially, the Au2Si5 cluster has the largest HOMO-LUMO gap of 2.06 eV. Moreover, the reverse even-odd alternation rule to the average polarizability per atom versus the charges transfer was found. A transition point appears at n = 5.
Travelling-Wave Solution of Volterra Lattice by the Optimal Homotopy Analysis Method
Authors: Wang Qi
Published: February 2012

The travelling-wave solution of the Volterra lattice has been constructed by the optimal homotopy analysis method. The optimal method used here contains three auxiliary convergence-control parameters to adjust and control the convergence region of the solution. By minimizing the averaged residual error, the optimal convergence-control parameters can be obtained, which give much better approximations than those given by the usual homotopy analysis method. The obtained results show that the optimal homotopy analysis method is also very efficient for differential-difference equations.
Highly Efficient and Thermally Stable Polymer Solar Cells with Dihydronaphthyl‐Based [70]Fullerene Bisadduct Derivative as the Acceptor
Authors: Meng Xiangyue , Zhang Wenqing , Tan Zhan'ao , Li Yongfang , Ma Yihan , Wang Taishan , Jiang Li , Shu Chunying , Wang Chunru
Published: February 2012

The efficiency of polymer solar cells (PSCs) can be essentially enhanced by improving the performance of electron‐acceptor materials, including by increasing the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) level, improving the optical absorption, and tuning the material solubility. Here, a new soluble C70 derivative, dihydronaphthyl‐based C70 bisadduct (NC70BA), is synthesized and explored as acceptor in PSCs. The NC70BA has high LUMO energy level that is 0.2 eV higher than [6,6]‐phenyl‐C61‐butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM), and displays broad light absorption in the visible region. Consequently, the PSC based on the blend of poly(3‐hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and NC70BA shows a high open‐circuit voltage (Voc = 0.83 V) and a high power conversion efficiency (PCE = 5.95%), which are much better than those of the P3HT:PCBM‐based device (Voc = 0.60 V; PCE = 3.74%). Moreover, the amorphous nature of NC70BA effectively suppresses the thermally driven crystallization, leading to high thermal stability of the P3HT:NC70BA‐based solar cell devices. It is observed that the P3HT:NC70BA‐based device retains 80% of its original PCE value against thermal heating at 150 °C over 20 h. The results unambiguously indicate that the NC70BA is a promising acceptor material for practical PSCs.
Efficient suppression of radiation damping in individual plasmonic resonators: towards high‐Q nano‐volume sensing
Authors: Della Valle G. , Bozhevolnyi S.I.
Published: February 2012

Recent results on radiation damping suppression in individual plasmonic resonators using conformal bending of the structure, which suppresses the electric‐dipole response in favor of magnetic dipole one, are overviewed. It is demonstrated that bending of linear plasmonic nano‐antennas increases significantly their Q factors above the electrostatic limit while preserving the nature of resonance along with its exceptional features, such as linear size‐dependent tunability and robust field enhancement. The approach, which makes use of strong lateral confinement exhibited by the slow plasmonic modes (slow‐SPPs) bound to ultra‐narrow metallic structures, turned out to be quite general, and its experimental demonstration has been attained with circularly curved nano‐rod antennas. Furthermore, this approach suggested novel configurations of plasmonic single particle nanosensing with enhanced features, allowing record‐high figures of merit along with unprecedented spatial resolution in nanofiber‐based split‐cylinder structures.
Complexity of networks II: The set complexity of edge‐colored graphs
Authors: Ignac Tomasz M. , Sakhanenko Nikita A. , Galas David J.
Published: February 2012

We previously introduced the concept of “set‐complexity,” based on a context‐dependent measure of information, and used this concept to describe the complexity of gene interaction networks. In a previous paper of this series we analyzed the set‐complexity of binary graphs. Here, we extend this analysis to graphs with multicolored edges that more closely match biological structures like the gene interaction networks. All highly complex graphs by this measure exhibit a modular structure. A principal result of this work is that for the most complex graphs of a given size the number of edge colors is equal to the number of “modules” of the graph. Complete multipartite graphs (CMGs) are defined and analyzed. The relation between complexity and structure of these graphs is examined in detail. We establish that the mutual information between any two nodes in a CMG can be fully expressed in terms of entropy, and present an explicit expression for the set complexity of CMGs (Theorem 3). An algorithm for generating highly complex graphs from CMGs is described. We establish several theorems relating these concepts and connecting complex graphs with a variety of practical network properties. In exploring the relation between symmetry and complexity we use the idea of a similarity matrix and its spectrum for highly complex graphs. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Complexity, 2012
Synthesis and Physicochemical Characterisation of Gd‐DTPA Derivatives as Contrast Agents for MRI
Authors: Laurent Sophie , Henoumont Céline , Vander Elst Luce , Muller Robert N.
Published: February 2012

Paramagnetic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents are the compounds most used in clinical studies. Among these, the derivatives of Gd‐DTPA (gadoliniumdiethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid, Magnevist®, Bayer HealthCare) have been extensively studied. The first part of this work consists of a comparison of various derivatives of Gd‐DTPA [mono‐, bis‐ or pentaamides; C‐functionalised (C2, C4, C5, N6) or diester derivatives] according to their synthesis and to the most important parameters that regulate their efficacy. The synthesis of bis(amide)s consists of only one step and is thus easier than the synthesis of the C4 derivatives, which needs several steps and requires a tedious purification. These last compounds are, however, more stable against transmetallation with another ion such as zinc [more than 50 % of the gadolinium complex remains after 4300 min while this percentage falls under 40 % for most of the bis(amide) compounds] and generally have higher relaxivities. Moreover, the residence time of the water molecule in the first coordination sphere of the gadolinium complex (τM) is shorter for the C4 derivatives and does not limit the relaxivity. In the second part of this work, an overview of different kinds of recently developed paramagnetic contrast agents is presented: new systems to improve the relaxivity, like fullerenol compounds, apoferritin or zeolite complexes, lipophilic complexes (in structures like micelles or liposomes), macromolecular products as well as small complexes interacting with human serum albumin (HSA).
Hydroxy Group Acidities of Partially Protected Glycopyranosides
Authors: Matwiejuk Martin , Thiem Joachim
Published: February 2012

A comprehensive acidity study of carbohydrate hydroxy groups has been carried out. Relative acidities (Ke) were determined spectrophotometrically for partially methylated methyl α‐D‐glycopyranosides. Apparently, the acidity is strongly affected by intramolecular hydrogen bonding as well as stereochemistry and solvation. By comparison with pKe and pKa values of aliphatic alcohols and polyols the first estimation of the pKa values for partially protected glycopyranosides was obtained. These findings contribute to the understanding of the relative reactivities of carbohydrate hydroxy groups.