bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of Tuberculosis and Compliance to Treatment from 2010-2020 In Rivers State, Southsouth Nigeria
Authors: Duabo M. George , Bibiye Alaye A. S. , Tamunoibitem Jonathan
Published: November 2022

Tuberculosis is a highly contagious bacterial infection and it is still a leading killer of young adults worldwide. This study investigated the prevalence of tuberculosis and compliance to treatment from 2010 to 2020 in Rivers State, South-south Nigeria. The Ex-post factor design was utilized and it is aimed at collecting data and analyzing some variable retrospectively without manipulating any of the variables. Data were obtained from the Primary Healthcare Management Board and the State Ministry of Health covering a total of 525 (100%) healthcare facilities accounting for primary, secondary and tertiary health facilities including an overwhelming 191 (36.38%) private healthcare facilities. Data were analyzed using frequency and simple percentage including graphs. Findings inter alia reveals that the susceptibility and prevalence rate of Tuberculosis is higher in females than males, the highest prevalence rate of Tuberculosis in female (84.73%) was recorded in 2015 while that of the male (79.12%) occurred in 2016 respectively. The highest prevalence rate of Tuberculosis was 93.99% and it occurred in 2016 while the highest percentage compliance rate 48.99% was recorded in 2019. In addition, co-infections (TB/HIV) enhance the rate of Tuberculosis prevalence during the study period. Thus, it was recommended that effective awareness and sensitization campaign of the citizen via the churches, mosque, market unions, schools and anti-natal units among others on tuberculosis prevention and control be strengthened by all concerned agencies.
Some Traits of Meiofauna in the Surf Region of the Southern Mediterranean Sea Coast
Authors: Alfurjani Hajir O. A. , Ali Sayed M. , Hasan Hamad M. A. , Ali Ramadan A. S.
Published: November 2022

During the winter and summer of 2019, eight study sites in eastern Libya were used to establish meiofauna diversity in the Southern Mediterranean Sea's near-shore sandy bottom surf region. The physicochemical characteristics of surface water at the study sites were mostly similar. Seventeen taxa of floatable meiofauna (extracted from sediment samples by floatation) were identified, sixteen during winter and ten during summer: By number of individuals per taxon, Nematoda and Foraminifera were the most abundant taxa. The other available taxa were Rhabdocoela, Xanacoelomorpha, Gastrotrichs, Polychaeta, Kinorhyncha, and Urodasys. Four non-floatable meiofauna taxa were encountered (Foraminifera, Mussel, Gastropod, and Ostracoda). This low diversity of floatable and non-floatable meiofauna was possibly due to the strong wave action prevailing in the region and the adjacent deleterious anthropogenic activities. Meiofaunal diversity was higher in winter than in summer, possibly due to the higher dissolved phosphorus concentration during this season. The causes of the between-site differences in meiofaunal diversity are unclear, but differences in adjacent coastal anthropogenic activities might had more impact than differences in the prevailing physicochemical traits of the interstitial habitat. New practical techniques for collecting and identifying the smaller meiofauna are needed.
Assessment of nutrient status in Rajagondanahallli Micro-watershed of Channagiri taluk, Davanagere district, Karnataka by using geographic information system technique
Authors: Balaji Naik. D , Gurumurthy K. T.
Published: November 2022

The study was conducted to assess the soil fertility status and to prepare the fertility mapping at Rajagondanahallli micro-watershed (480.55 ha) of Davangere district by using GIS and GPS techniques during the year of 2019 to 2021. Total 44 surface soil samples at 320 × 320 m grid intervals (0 to 15 cm depths) were collected and soil fertility mapping were developed by using Arc GIS software. The fertility status of soils of Rajagondanahallli micro-watershed indicated that the soil were low (81.15 %) to medium (9.58 %) in available nitrogen, low (4.77 %) to medium (85.95 %) in available phosphorus, medium (52.10 %) to high (38.63 %) in available potassium, available sulphur were found to be sufficient, whereas exchangeable calcium and magnesium were found to be sufficient. DTPA extractable zinc was sufficient in 434 ha (90.24 %) and deficient in 2 ha (0.49 %) area. Whereas DTPA extractable iron, manganese, copper were sufficient. Available boron was low (20.19 %) to medium (70.53 %) in the study area.
In-Stream Sand Mining and Primary Productivity of Otamiri River in Owerri, South-East Nigeria
Authors: Alaye A. S. Bibiye
Published: November 2022

Sand mining involves the excavation of inland dune or river beds for the purpose of economic, developmental, constructional, etc., activities. Primary productivity therefore, is the frequency at which energy is transformed to organic substances by photosynthesis producers (photoautotrophs), which obtain energy and nutrients by requisite sunlight. Probable influence of sand mining on primary productivity of the mined ponds along the banks of the river was considered. The study undertakes an experimental research approach. Six (6) sampling locations were identified as WC1-WC6 along the course of the river. WCI-WC3 was established in area where active mining had ceased (unperturbed) whereas WC4-WC6 was established in area where active sand mining is ongoing (perturbed). The study utilized the light and dark technique to estimate primary productivity, and the set-up was incubated for four (4) hours in a sunny day. In situ measurement was carried out with HANNA 1H9828 pH/ORP/EC/DO meter and the average of the triplicate results obtained was recorded. Descriptive statistics, analysis of variance (ANOVA), student’s t-test and the structure detection of group mean were utilized for the organization of data. Results inter alia revealed that the actively mined ponds of the river had higher GPP (12.781*10-1 MgCL-1d-1) than the location where mining had ceased (i.e., GPP 5.986*10-1 MgCL-1d-1). The average GPP was 18.767*10-1MgCL-1d-1 while NPP and CR had 10.914*10-1 MgCL-1d-1 and 15.453*10-1MgCL-1d-1 respectively. The annual GPP of the study was 1144.800*10-1MgCL-1yr-1 which define low productivity. Thus, it was recommended that an enforcement of various environmental laws as it affects the preservation, maintenance and the sustenance of the aquatic environment be made in a bid to secure aquatic lives.
Examination of the Public Sector Reform Programme Implementation in Zambia: The Efficacy of the Integrated Financial Management Information System
Authors: Sagaran Gopal , Tamala Sakala Ngoma
Published: November 2022

This study was to examine the Public Sector Reform Programme and implementation of the Efficacy of the Integrated Financial Management Information Systems (IFMIS) in Zambia. The focus is on the country's central government with 1300 users of IFMIS in forty-four sites. The study used a quantitative research design to draw conclusions from a sample of 150 day-to-day users of IFMIS. Data was collected through a survey analysed using descriptive and causal-effect relationships. The system usage is far from satisfactory with misapplication of funds, and challenges in cooperating with partners. The public did not derive satisfaction in this outcome. However, IFMIS influences public resource management processes through ease of access to information, quick retrieval, easy tracking of documents and provision of an audit trail, among others. The system provides restricted access to the IFMIS system, creates the order of operations, defines and reduces the roles and duties of different users, which reduces the level of risk. Some users doubted the system’s ability to detect and report fraud cases. This study, therefore, recommends that IFMIS should be upgraded to protect documents from being attacked by viruses or getting lost, including stronger fraud detection, reporting and a broad application and use of IFMIS in all country departments with new features for fraud detection and reports to facilitate quick remedy. Lastly, the IFMIS should be decentralized to each department to ensure the processes of the supply chain are secured and efficient.
The Influence of Ducoffe’s Advertising Value Model on Health Care Service Quality Perception
Authors: Cherouk Amr Yassin , Ahmed El Rawas
Published: November 2022

Hospital management works to enhance customer satisfaction by emphasising the level and quality of service provided to patients. This study looks into the effect of marketing methods on the quality of service provided in the healthcare industry. The application of the Ducoffe Advertising Model to evaluate hospital service quality expectations is intended to analyse advertising perception components that lead to satisfaction in three dimensions. A quantitative research technique was used to collect customer data. Advertising influences the perception of the service provided, and service quality influences satisfaction and reputation since poor service providers typically result in negative word of mouth and negative publicity about the hospital. The health sector must increase the value of its advertising by understanding the advertising aspects that have the most significant influence on consumers' perceptions. Theoretical and practical implications were discussed.
Toward the Identification of Applications of Artificial Intelligence for Dental Image Detection: Systematic Review
Authors:   Qassim University, Alharbi Shuaa S. , Alhasson Haifa F.
Published: November 2022

Review question / Objective: The purpose of this systematic review is to understand and compare the current applications of machine learning in the care of dental patients. This will enable us to assess their diagnostic and prognostic accuracy. As part of the study, we will identify areas of development for ML applications in the dental care field. In addition, we will suggest improvements to research methodology that will facilitate the implementation of ML technologies in services and improve clinical treatment guidelines based on the results of future studies. Condition being studied: This study rationally focused on reviewing the current state of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in dentistry and state-of-the-art applications, including the recognition of teeth cavities, filled teeth, crown predictions, oral surgery, and endodontic therapy.
Lance-Adams syndrome; what we know now
Authors:   Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Shijani Seyed Mohammad Malakooti , Neshat Sina , Shayestehyekta Hossein , Gorgani Milad
Published: November 2022

Review question / Objective: 1. In Lance-Adams syndrome, what is the effect of current therapeutic management on improving patients' condition compared with the control group? 2. Are EEG, Brain CT, MRI, and brain SPECT more accurate in diagnosing Lance-Adams syndrome? 3. Does Early diagnosis and treatment influence the quality of life in patients with Lance-Adams syndrome? 4. Are patients with abnormal cortical discharge or cerebellum brain stem and thalamus cortical circuit or neurotransmitter imbalance at higher risk for/of Lance-Adams syndrome compared with patients without these symptoms? Condition being studied: LAS is a group of clinical symptoms; The primary manifestation is action myoclonus which can occur as generalized, focal, or multifocal repeated myoclonic motor movement myoclonus. In some patients, sensory stimuli can trigger myoclonus. Furthermore, negative myoclonus can impair posture and cause falls in the lower extremities.
Association of pregestational obesity with anemia during pregnancy: A literature review
Authors: Rustembekkyzy Zh. , Taizhanova D.Zh.
Published: November 2022

Relevance: Оbеse pregnant women have а mild inflammatory response associated with hepcidin overexpression. Inflammation affects iron metabolism by increasing hepcidin levels. Obesity and anemia are serious problems worldwide; expectant mothers often suffer from these conditions. Gravidas with obesity tend to gain more weight during pregnancy than gravidas with normal body mass index. Obesity before pregnancy is associated with a high risk in pregnancy, including hypoferremia and anemia due to iron deficiency, which are already common between expectant mother and their neonates. This review considers obesity-associated inflammatory mediator activation as a potential primary cause of iron deficiency (ID) or iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in obese pregnant women.The review aimed to summarize the current studies reporting the measurement of molecular markers of iron metabolism and inflammatory mediators in pregnant women with pregestational obesity. Methods: This review included all types of publications in English and Russian on anemia and obesity in pregnancy, published from March 2012 to March 2022. The literature search was performed in Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, PubMed, and CyberLeninka databases by the following keywords: “pregnancy,” “iron deficiency,” “anemia,” “overweight,” “obesity,” “inflammation,” and “body mass index.”Results: This review assesses whether obesity-induced inflammation may contribute to the increased incidence of ID/IDA in pregnant women. Despite numerous studies, the effect of maternal weight on the risk of ID/IDA during pregnancy remains unclear. Iron status metabolism markers against inflammation are considered. PR-pregnancy obesity carries a greater risk of developing ID/IDA during pregnancy and the postnatal period for the mother and the baby. Conclusions: Thus, a more careful study of iron levels by trimester is required. The introduction of clearly defined procedures for trimester valuation of iron and inflammatory status in antenatal and postpartum consultations is necessary.
Investigation on the Flow Angle of a Mixed Flow Turbocharger Turbine Under Steady State Operating Conditions Authors
Authors: Wan Muhammad Aqib Wan Rosli  , Muhamad Hasbullah Padzillah
Published: November 2022

Turbocharger is widely used in automotive field for the capability to extract or boost the downsizing internal combustion (IC) engine as it has been considered as a way to provide highly efficient of small engine. Turbocharger also reduces the fuel consumption as well as the carbon dioxide (CO2) emission. Turbine is one of the main components of a turbocharger. Generally, this study is mainly focusing on a mixed flow turbine that work under steady flow operation. Numerical work using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is presented in this report. This report aims to compare the flow angle analysis of three selected cases under steady state flow operating conditions. A 3D modelling on a mixed flow turbine is generated accordingly to ‘Rotor A’ design by using a commercial software of Ansys CFX. Three selected cases were selected in order to compare the flow angle at the mid span circumference location at vane and rotor inlet. The simulation results show the capabilities of the 3D model developed in capturing the trend of available experiment data at turbine speed of 48kRPM. The mixed flow turbine achieves optimum total-to-static efficiency of 74.16 % at velocity ratio of 0.65 with mass flow rate of 0.5kg/s. Besides that, the results shown that the flow angle distribution at the rotor inlet is varied throughout the rotor circumference location between the three cases. Case 2 achieved the optimum incidence angle compared to the other cases thus showing the impact of incidence angle in determining the turbine performance.
Influence of Heat Treatment on Microhardness and Surface Roughness of Electroless Ni-YSZ Composite Coating
Authors: Nor Bahiyah Baba  , Amirul Syazwan Ghazali  , Afifah Humaira Abdul Rahman  , Nor Azinee Said  , Safian Sharif
Published: November 2022

The application of heat treatment was introduced in Ni-YSZ composite coating as the incorporation of ceramic YSZ in electroless nickel deposition is new and worth investigating. In this paper, the influence of heat treatment by varying the heating temperature and time on the electroless Ni-YSZ composite coating is investigated. The Ni-YSZ composite is deposited onto a high-speed steel substrate via electroless nickel co-deposition. YSZ powder of mixed sizes of micro- and nano-sized of the ratio of 1:1 is incorporated in the electroless deposits. The electroless Ni-YSZ composites coating was heated up to 400oC for a maximum of 2 hours. The microhardness measurements were carried out using a Vickers microhardness tester (Shimadzu) according to ISO 6507-4. The surface roughness of the coating was measured using Mitutoyo surface roughness tester SJ-301. The surface characterisation was analysed using Cambridge Stereoscan 90 Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) coupled with Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis (EDX). The crystallographic structure of materials was analysed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) Bruker D8 Advance instrument. The microhardness and surface roughness of the coating both increase with time. The microhardness is directly proportional to the heating temperature and time and these observations are supported by the XRD analysis. The surface roughness observation is explained by the SEM micrographs.
Thermoelectric-Based Low-Cost Water Chiller via Peltier-Plates
Authors: Abreeza Manap  , Savisha Mahalingam  , Ramisha Rabeya  , Nurfanizan Mohd Afandi  , Salem Ba Nkaita  , Nur Irmawati Om
Published: November 2022

This study aims to design and build a water-chilling device for strawberry irrigation in low-land areas in Malaysia. Strawberries possess better growth in a chilled environment. On that note, a chilling thermoelectric device known as the Peltier plate has been used in this project, which follows an open-cycle system. This process is cost-effective and more convenient than the other methods used for strawberry plantation, such as providing an air-conditioner, which is costly, and using a sprinkler, which may rot the strawberries in wet conditions. Therefore, we propose a low-cost chilling device to chill the water with low-temperature water to be applied in strawberry plants. The plant treated with the water chiller showed better growth with 12 cm of height. The thermoelectric effect has been adopted in this study as the source of chilling since it reduces the temperature on one side and increases it on the other side. The heat is to be discharged using two fans to increase the difference in temperature between the two sides of the thermoelectric device. It involved the Peltier effect, which generates the voltage from the power source to heat/temperature differentials. The obtained result revealed a temperature difference of 5.7 °C between the water-in (27 °C) and water-out (21.3 °C), considered the optimum temperature for strawberries to survive well.
Performance Analysis of Solar Assisted Heat Pump Drying System with Dual Condensers
Authors: Ghaith Abusaibaa  , Kamaruzzaman Sopian  , Rohaimi Abdullah  , Hasila Jarimi  , Adnan Ibrahim
Published: November 2022

The main components of the dual condenser solar-assisted heat pump (SAHP)drying include the solar collector, evaporator, compressor, fan coil, twin condensers, expansion valve, and drying chamber. The solar drying process was assisted by a heat pump, and the optimal efficiency was determined by heating and dehumidifying the air, and recirculating the air that has been heated. The efficiency of the heat pump system was assessed by its coefficient of performance (COP), which is the percentage of the actual heat delivered by the heat pump to the total electrical power necessary to operate the heat pump. The average temperature of the drying chamber reached a temperature of 60 °C with a relative humidity of around 70%, and the system's COP was 5.546 with no contribution from solar energy or at no solar fraction (SF = 0). The same conditions in the drying chamber can be achieved at solar faction or SF = 0.83, with COP increased to 12.7.
A Review of Moldflow and Finite Element Analysis Simulation of Chip Scale Packaging (CSP) for Light Emitting Diode (LED)
Authors: Law Ruen Ching  , Mohd Zulkifly Abdullah
Published: November 2022

LED technology has been evolving aggressively in recent years from incandescent bulb during older days to as small as chip scale package. There is tremendous pressure to stay competitive in the market by optimizing products to next level of performance and reliability with shortest time to market. This changes the conventional way of product design and development to virtual prototyping by means of Computer Aided Engineering (CAE). The objective of the paper is to review challenges in chip scale packaging application in LED technology. The first part of the paper covered the literature survey of Chip Scale Packaging (CSP) in Light Emitting Diodes (LED), CSP architecture challenges, molding process and material for CSP. The findings of literature found that very few researchers had study silicone encapsulations process in CSP for LED in term of material characterization, mold process and simulation. Findings also shows that deployment Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) and integration of virtual prototyping using Finite Element Analysis (FEA) in product development in CSP for semiconductor industry had greatly reduced the time to market. However, there are very few papers discuss the application for CSP technology in LED industry. Second objective of the papers is discussion of methodolology in molding material characterization and simulation methodology. CFD helps to simulate the flow pattern of molding material as a function of different temperature, molding parameters settings for voids and displacement. FEA also help to evaluate the deformation of silicone in panel form and enable designer to predict the displacement of devices with different silicone.
Influence of the Aspect Ratio on the Free Convection Heat Transmission Properties of a Container Containing Porous Materials
Authors: Alaa Hadi Darweesh  , Zena Khalefa Kadhim
Published: November 2022

Nowadays, many industrial and modern applications depend on heat transport in porous zones. An experimental study of the natural convection heat transfer in a corrugated cavity with dimensions of (200, 250, 300) mm in length, a width of 200 mm, a depth of 27 mm, and an amplitude of 30 mm was filled with porous materials: glass balls (3, 6, 10) mm and alumina balls (6) mm, where the water was the working fluid. The top surface was exposed to the environment, while the bottom surface was subjected to constant heat flux (300, 500, 700, 900, 1100 W/m2), The front face, back face, and sides were insulated. In this study, temperature distribution, modified Rayleigh number, and Nusselt number values are foremost criteria, which are presented for three levels of aspect ratio. The influence of various aspect ratios on heat transfer is investigated. The results showed that the heat transfer coefficient decreases with the increase in aspect ratio. The highest value is when aspect ratio = 1. The enhanced Rayleigh number decreases as the aspect ratio increases by 10%.
A Review of the Effects of Plate Configurations and Electrolyte Strength on Production of Brown Gas Using Dry Cell Oxyhydrogen Generator
Authors: Viknesh Samuel Savari Muthu  , Shahrul Azmir Osman  , Saliza Azlina Osman
Published: November 2022

The production of brown gas (HHO gas) performance depends on the attribute of the oxyhydrogen generator. However, it is found that the main issue in the production of brown gas is the complexity of the oxyhydrogen generator system, electrolysis efficiency and safety. Therefore, this paper presents a review of the factors that affect the production of brown including the types of electrode materials, plate configurations, types of electrolytes, and the concentration of electrolytes. Furthermore, this study is also conducted to find out what are the suitable condition for each parameter stated in the research when using a dry cell oxyhydrogen generator in the production of brown gas. Therefore, it is found that by increasing the number of neutral plates and electrodes, the production of brown gas increases. Besides, the ideal plate orientation is the vertical position, and the suitable gap distance between each plate is 2 to 3 mm. Furthermore, the larger the cross-sectional area of plate, the higher the production of the brown gas. Not to mention, the ideal electrolyte that boosts the production of the brown gas is potassium hydroxide (KOH). In addition, dry cell oxyhydrogen generators are more preferred in the production of brown gas as it is much safer and offers more benefits than wet cell oxyhydrogen generators. This further demonstrates that the attribute of the oxyhydrogen generator does influence the production of brown gas.
Producing the Methane Conversion by Steam Methane Reforming Over SiO2-NiO Catalyst
Authors: Rizamarhaiza Muda  , Sufizar Ahmad  , Hamimah Abdul Rahman  , Mohd Azham Azmi  , Mas Fawzi Mohd Ali  , Hariati Taib
Published: November 2022

Methane is the main compound of natural gas and is today used in various industrial processes and also as energy source in gas turbines or natural gas fuelled vehicles. Methane is considered a substantially more potent greenhouse gas than CO2. This study presents an approach for the catalyst of SiO2-NiO foam in steam methane reforming. The 35 wt.% composition of Silica (SiO2) that produced from Rice Husk Ash (RHA) was used in this study by using slurry technique to produce of SiO2-NiO foam at 950°C and 1250°C of sintering temperatures. The morphologies of SiO2 -NiO foams were observed by using the Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) to identify the pore size as a catalyst filter. The pore size of SiO2-NiO foam were found in the range 13µm to 43µm. SiO2-NiO catalyst were characterized by temperature programmed reduction (TPR). The TPR result showed present of SiO2-NiO was successfully activated at the 320°C at 30 minutes. Meanwhile, in the temperature range of 500°C–600°C, the catalyst was shown to be particularly active and stable. The high methane conversion 42% was produced at the reaction temperature of 600°C.
Numerical Investigation on Using MWCNT/Water Nanofluids in Photovoltaic Thermal System (PVT)
Authors: Mohd Afzanizam Mohd Rosli  , Cheong Jing Rou  , Nortazi Sanusi  , Siti Nur Dini Noordin Saleem  , Nurfarhana Salimen  , Safarudin Gazali Herawan  , Norli Abdullah  , Avita Ayu Permanasari  , Zainal Arifin  , Faridah Hussain
Published: November 2022

Photovoltaic thermal systems (PVT) are solar energy conversion systems that produce both electricity and heat simultaneously. PVT systems seeking to minimize temperature of solar cells become more significant with the increased thermal and electrical efficiency of the working fluids (water and nanofluids) employed in the solar thermal system. The major objective of this research is to investigate the thermal, electrical and overall performance of the photovoltaic thermal (PVT) system with different weight fractions of MWCNT/water nanofluids (φ = 0.3%, 0.6% and 1%) and water. A sheet and tube PVT system model geometry, which has been simplified to rectangular PV cell, absorber plate, cylindrical pipe, and fluid domain geometries to investigate outlet and PV cell temperature of photovoltaic thermal (PVT) system between different weight fractions of MWCNT/water nanofluids (φ = 0.3%, 0.6% and 1%) and water with varying fluid inlet velocities from 0.02 m/s to 0.08 m/s using ANSYS FLUENT. The results show that increasing the inlet fluid velocity and weight fraction of the working fluid improves thermal and electrical efficiency. The highest improvement in thermal and electrical efficiency at 0.08m/s inlet fluid velocity for the weight fractions, φ = 1% of MWCNT/water nanofluids is 7.8% and 0.03% compared to water. In addition, the weight fractions, φ = 0.3% of MWCNT/water nanofluids is 4.46% and 0.01% and the weight fractions, φ = 0.6% of MWCNT/water nanofluid is 6.72% and 0.02%. Additionally, the maximum increase of overall efficiency at 0.08m/s inlet fluid velocity for the weight fractions, φ = 1% of MWCNT/water nanofluids is 7.83% compared to water while the weight fractions, φ = 0.3% of MWCNT/water nanofluids is 4.43% and the weight fractions, φ = 0.6% of MWCNT/water nanofluid is 6.74% at inlet fluid velocity of 0.08 m/s. As a result of the research, it was discovered that using MWCNT/water nanofluids improves the performance of PVT systems.
Numerical Study on Heat Propagation in Laptop Cooling System
Authors: Wong Mian Sheng  , Abdulhafid M Elfaghi  , Lukmon Owolabi Afolabi
Published: November 2022

Thermal management of microelectronic devices has become increasingly important to maintain their performance and prolonging the lifespan of the devices. In this study, numerical simulation has been conducted to investigate the heat propagation for high performance microelectronic device of laptop. Two models are constructed and Ansys Fluent is used for the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation, source term is applied at the heat source, heat sink and two different material heat pipes are the main cooling components in the system. The results show that the improved design model is a better design for laptop cooling systems, and the increasing number of air vents, thermal conductivity, and length of heat pipes can effectively cool the high-powered microchip effectively. Transient simulation, considering the wick structure and working fluid in the simulation, is suggested for future work.
Production of Roof Board Insulation Using Agricultural Wastes Towards Sustainable Building Material
Authors: Rafikullah Deraman  , Mohd Nasrun Mohd Nawi  , Md Azree Othuman Mydin  , Mohd Hanif Ismail  , Nur Diyana Mohd Nordin  , Marti Widya Sari  , Mohd Suhaimi Mohd-Danuri
Published: November 2022

Malaysia, like most other developing countries, is facing an increase in the generation of waste and accompanying problems with the disposal of this waste. A large number of biomass wastes were generated due to increased activity in the agricultural and agro-industrial sectors, which led to producing environmental hazards and waste management issues. On the other situation, the energy consumption to cool the indoor building environment is high due to the building being exposed directly to solar radiation throughout the daytime, which increases the temperature outside and inside the building. Most of the low-medium cost housing schemes were constructed using metal roof covering without providing a roof insulation layer which causes a rising in indoor temperature and creates uncomfortable surroundings. Moreover, existing materials for roof insulation in the market use inorganic synthetic materials that could harm human health. The study aims to investigate the potential use of agricultural wastes for the production of roof board insulation material that can provide economic value added to agricultural waste, reduce the environmental issue and provide eco-friendly, sustainable building material. In this study, these agricultural wastes are combined in different proportions of 50% individual fibres, such as sugarcane bagasse with coconut husk, empty fruit bunch with mesocarp fibre, coconut husk with empty fruit bunch, and sugarcane bagasse with mesocarp fibre. The sample was fabricated using the hot-press machine and went through various physical and mechanical testing, which involved thickness of swelling, modulus of rupture, and thermal conductivity. The finding showed that the mixed fibre of empty fruit bunch and mesocarp fibre achieved all the criteria such as density (427 <500kg/m3); thickness of swelling (19< 20%); modulus of rupture (514<800psi), thermal conductivity (0.0856<0.25 W/m.K) met with the standard requirement in every laboratory test conducted. The outcome of this study suggests that empty fruit bunch and mesocarp fibre are the potential materials for the production of roof board thermal insulation. However, modification of physical and mechanical properties of waste fibre is required to achieve superior performance and is ready to be provided in the market. This study is aligned with the government initiative for the growth of green building materials for sustainable development in the construction industry.
Esterified Papaya Oil and Flamboyant Oil as a Fuel on Single Cylinder Diesel Engine
Authors: Dinesh Kumar Venkatesan  , Vinayak Bhimsen Hemadri  , Chinnapandian Marimuthu  , Khathanahalli Mathada Mrityunjayaswamy
Published: November 2022

The future demand, increase in the price and environmental issues of fossil fuels necessitated the search of renewable alternate called biodiesel which reduces the dependence of fossil fuel import from other countries. The present research investigation outlines a detailed vision on the performance parameters and the exhaust characteristics of the methyl esters of papaya oil (POME) and flamboyant oil (FOME) and its blends on water cooled diesel engine comprising single cylinder running at 1500 rpm. The collected seeds are processed and found to contain oil percentage of 37% and 35% and they are esterified in a reactor to enhance its properties. From the result it is concluded that at maximum load, the blend B25 of papaya biodiesel accounted in better brake thermal efficiency than that of diesel with relatively less exhaust emission, such that the specific fuel consumption, brake thermal efficiency, exhaust gas temperature, smoke density, carbon monoxide emission, hydrocarbon emission and nitrous oxide emission are 0.27 kg/kW-hr, 31.46 %, 318°C, 49.02 Hsu, 0.095 %, 55 ppm and 988 ppm respectively.
Li-NMC Battery Internal Resistance at Wide Range of Temperature Authors
Authors: Muhammad Fikri Irsyad Mat Razi  , Zul Hilmi Che Daud  , Zainab Asus  , Izhari Izmi Mazali  , Mohd Ibthisham Ardani  , Mohd Kameil Abdul Hamid
Published: November 2022

One of the factors that affects energy transfer by Lithium-ion batteries is internal resistance. This internal resistance occurs due to resistivity of the electrochemical materials and its ionic component. Meanwhile, the internal resistance of a battery is affected by several factors such as temperature and their state of charge. To maintain battery health and prevent rapid degradation, the use of batteries at high temperatures should be avoided. In that relation, studies involving battery internal resistance are mostly conducted in an ideal temperatures range. This makes data on internal resistance at high temperatures scarce and insufficient. Accordingly, this internal resistance data is an important key component in predicting the battery temperature. Good internal resistance data at high temperatures can contribute to a more accurate battery temperature prediction. The purpose of this study is to provide internal resistance data for Li-MNC battery in wide range of temperature by means of experiment. In this study, the temperature of Lithium-ion Manganese-Nickel-Cobalt (Li-MNC) battery with the capacity of 40Ah was raised via high current discharge method. The discharge current used was 120A (3C) and 160A (4C). The discharge temperature was conducted from 26°C to 80°C. Internal resistance is then calculated from the measured voltage respond when 1C (40A) pulse current discharge flow through the battery. Results showed that as temperature increases, the value of internal resistance decreases. At the same time however, the rate of decrement declined until it become almost constant at high temperature range until reaching 80°C. The objective of this study is to provide the data of battery internal resistance at a wide temperature range up to 80°C. This information is important in developing a precise battery electro-thermal model that can predict battery performance and temperature. On the extend of that, this information will be useful in developing better battery management system to ensure good battery usage and safety.
Additions to the fauna and biology of stoneflies (Plecoptera) in Taizi River Basin, Liaoning, with seven new species records to China
Authors: Huo Qing-Bo , Rehman Abdur , Zhao Meng-Yuan , Yang Yu-Ben , Xiang Ya-Nan , Du Yu-Zhou , Wang Jian-Feng , Murányi Dávid , Teslenko Valentina A.
Published: November 2022

An investigation report of stonefly fauna in Benxi Manchu Autonomous County, Liaoning Province, northeast China (used to be called Manchuria, now includes Liaoning, Jilin, Heilongjiang Provinces and parts of Inner Mongolia, which are adjacent to the Russian Far East and the Korean Peninsula). Materials were studied with field observation in 2018 and 2019.

This paper records five families, nine genera and 14 species of stoneflies from Taizi River, Liaoning Province. Nine species have been recorded for the first time in China and the biology of several common species is also reported for the first time.
The invasiveness of Guinea grass (Megathyrsus maximus) is characterized by habitat and differing herbivore assemblages in its native and invaded range
Authors: Rhodes Aaron C. , Plowes Robert M. , Martins Dino J. , Ng’Iru Ivy , Gilbert Lawrence E.
Published: November 2022

A significant challenge of global change is the human-mediated movement of pasture grasses and their subsequent impact on ecosystem processes when they become invasive. We must understand invasive grass ecology and their natural enemies in native and introduced ranges to mitigate these impacts. Guinea grass (Megathyrsus maximus) is a pantropically introduced pasture grass that escapes intended areas and invades native ecosystems – threatening biodiversity and ecosystem function. The success of invasive plants has often been attributed to ecological release from stressors, including natural enemies and resource availability. Our objective was to assess Guinea grass functional traits across three different habitat types in native and invaded ranges by documenting ungulate and arthropod abundance, diversity, and feeding guilds. Guinea grass functional traits were assessed in three habitat types: grassland, riparian, and woody thickets around nitrogen-fixing Prosopis glandulosa in its introduced range in Texas, USA, and Senegalia mellifera in its native range in Kenya. We characterized Guinea grass functional traits by measuring plant height, cover, biomass, root-to-shoot ratios, and reproductive traits. We then examined the phytophagous arthropod and ungulate abundance and feeding guild diversity across the three habitat types. We hypothesized that functional trait expression related to invasiveness would be associated with Guinea grass in its introduced range. Also, we hypothesized that the abundance and diversity of phytophagous arthropods and ungulates would be lower in the invaded range. Finally, we hypothesized that Guinea grass functional traits would differ between the three habitat types, given the habitat types’ innate differences in resource availability. We found that Guinea grass was 2.5 times taller and 3.3 times more productive and covered 2.5 times more area in its invaded versus native ranges. Introduced Guinea grass had higher reproduction rates with 2.5 times more reproductive tillers, while habitat type drove vegetative reproduction with 15 times more stoloniferous establishment in wooded and riparian sites than grasslands. Texan ungulate communities were less species-rich, less functionally diverse, and less abundant than the Kenyan ungulate community. The phytophagous arthropod diversity on plants was twice as high on Kenyan Guinea grass than on Texan Guinea grass. Total arthropod family richness was nearly double, with 15 families represented in Kenya and 8 in Texas. These results suggest that Guinea grass has escaped a rich assemblage of arthropods and ungulates and likely explains some of its spread in introduced ranges. This study demonstrates how the invasive success of Guinea grass can be understood in terms of its competitive ability and interaction with natural enemies in the introduced and native ranges and may inform future biological control.
Genome-wide survey reveals the phylogenomic relationships of Chirolophis japonicus Herzenstein, 1890 (Stichaeidae, Perciformes)
Authors: Liu Lu , Liu Qi , Gao Tianxiang
Published: November 2022

Fish are the largest vertebrate group, consisting of more than 30 000 species with important ecological and economical value, while less than 3% of fish genomes have been published. Herein, a fish, Chirolophis japonicus, was sequenced using the next-generation sequencing. Approximately 595.7 megabase pair of the C. japonicus genome was assembled (49 901 contigs with 42.61% GC contents), leading to a prediction of 46 729 protein-coding gene models. A total of 554 136 simple sequence repeats was identified in the whole genome of C. japonicus, and dinucleotide microsatellite motifs were the most abundant, accounting for 59.49%. Phylogenomic analysis of 16 genomes based on the 694 single-copy genes suggests that C. japonicus is closely related with Anarrhichthys ocellatus, Cebidichthys violaceus, and Pholis gunnellus. The results provide more thorough genetic information of C. japonicus and a theoretical basis and reference for further genome-wide analysis.
On the global existence and blow-up for the double dispersion equation with exponential term
Authors: Su Xiao , Zhang Hongwei
Published: November 2022

This paper deals with the initial boundary value problem for the double dispersion equation with nonlinear damped term and exponential growth nonlinearity in two space dimensions. We first establish the local well-posedness in the natural energy space by the standard Galërkin method and contraction mapping principle. Then, we prove the solution is global in time by taking the initial data inside the potential well and the solution blows up in finite time as the initial data in the unstable set. Moreover, finite time blow-up results are provided for negative initial energy and for arbitrary positive initial energy respectively.
Stabilization and pattern formation in chemotaxis models with acceleration and logistic source
Authors: Mu Chunlai , Tao Weirun
Published: November 2022

We consider the following chemotaxis-growth system with an acceleration assumption,

   \begin{document}$ \begin{align*} \begin{cases} u_t= \Delta u -\nabla \cdot\left(u \mathbf{w} \right)+\gamma\left({u-u^\alpha}\right), & x\in\Omega,\ t>0,\\ v_t=\Delta v- v+u, & x\in\Omega,\ t>0,\\ \mathbf{w}_t= \Delta \mathbf{w} - \mathbf{w} +\chi\nabla v, & x\in\Omega,\ t>0, \end{cases} \end{align*} $\end{document}

under the homogeneous Neumann boundary condition for $ u, v $ and the homogeneous Dirichlet boundary condition for $ \mathbf{w} $ in a smooth bounded domain $ \Omega\subset \mathbb{R}^{n} $ ($ n\geq1 $) with given parameters $ \chi > 0 $, $ \gamma\geq0 $ and $ \alpha > 1 $. It is proved that for reasonable initial data with either $ n\leq3 $, $ \gamma\geq0 $, $ \alpha > 1 $ or $ n\geq4, \ \gamma > 0, \ \alpha > \frac12+\frac n4 $, the system admits global bounded solutions, which significantly differs from the classical chemotaxis model that may have blow-up solutions in two and three dimensions. For given $ \gamma $ and $ \alpha $, the obtained global bounded solutions are shown to convergence exponentially to the spatially homogeneous steady state $ (m, m, \bf 0 $) in the large time limit for appropriately small $ \chi $, where $ m = \frac1{|\Omega|} \int_\Omega u_0(x) $ if $ \gamma = 0 $ and $ m = 1 $ if $ \gamma > 0 $. Outside the stable parameter regime, we conduct linear analysis to specify possible patterning regimes. In weakly nonlinear parameter regimes, with a standard perturbation expansion approach, we show that the above asymmetric model can generate pitchfork bifurcations which occur generically in symmetric systems. Moreover, our numerical simulations demonstrate that the model can generate rich aggregation patterns, including stationary, single merging aggregation, merging and emerging chaotic, and spatially inhomogeneous time-periodic. Some open questions for further research are discussed.
Biomarkers and molecular mechanisms of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Authors: Chakraborty Ashok , Diwan Anil
Published: November 2022

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease in adults involving non-demyelinating motor disorders. About 90% of ALS cases are sporadic, while 10–12% of cases are due to some genetic reasons. Mutations in superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), TAR, c9orf72 (chromosome 9 open reading frame 72) and VAPB genes are commonly found in ALS patients. Therefore, the mechanism of ALS development involves oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, glutamate excitotoxicity and aggregation of proteins, neuro-inflammation and defective RNA function. Cholesterol and LDL/HDL levels are also associated with ALS development. As a result, sterols could be a suitable biomarker for this ailment. The main mechanisms of ALS development are reticulum stress, neuroinflammation and RNA metabolism. The multi-nature development of ALS makes it more challenging to pinpoint a treatment.
Suitability Analysis for Yam Production in Nigeria using Satellite and Observation Data
Authors: Igbawua Tertsea , Gbanger Martha Hembafan , Ujoh Fanan
Published: November 2022

Identification of suitable areas for yam production is critical for ensuring yield in yam production in Nigeria. The study is aimed at determining suitable lands for yam production in Nigeria. Climate, soil, and environmental parameters that have a high contribution to yam production were used in developing a yam production suitability map using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). The AHP was used in deriving weights through a pairwise comparison technique. According to the findings, highly suitable (HS), suitable (S), marginally suitable (MS), and not suitable (NS) regions accounted for 11.79, 82.68, 4.05, and 1.47% of the study area, respectively. The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), a measure of vegetation vigor, was higher in HS, followed by S regions, and then MS regions. Similarly, climate variables in HS regions were more favorable for plant growth, followed by S regions and MS regions. The correlation between precipitation and temperature is high and significant only in the HS class, despite the fact that NDVI and climate variables are significantly connected in all the suitability classes. The output map, thus determined, provides information on highly suitable, suitable or marginally suitable lands that are of practical importance to agriculturists.
TÜRKİYE’DE ENTEGRASYON TARTIŞMALARI: AKTÖRLER VE ROLLERİ
Authors: KAYA Ayhan
Published: November 2022

Bu makale, Türkiye’de göçmenlerin uyumu alanında Osmanlı’dan günümüze ortaya çıkan farklı uyum modelleri hakkında ikincil kaynaklara ve yazarın kendi alan çalışmalarından elde ettiği bulgularaa referansla değerlendirmeler yapmaktır. Etno-kültürel ve dinsel farklılıkların siyasal yönetişimi konusunda Osmanlı’dan gelen çokkültürcü gelenek ile cumhuriyet dönemiyle birlikte ortaya çıkan cumhuriyetçi modelin Türkiye’de son yıllarda iç içe geçtiği görülmektedir. Geçtiğimiz on yılı aşkın sürede yaşanan kitlesel Suriyeli göçü ile birlikte ortaya çıkan entegrasyon tartışmalarını teorik, tarihsel, hukuksal ve kurumsal yanlarıyla tartışmak ve entegrasyon süreçlerinde rol oynayan aktörlerin rollerini ele almak bu makalenin asıl amacıdır. Çalışmada entegrasyon ve uyum kavramları eş anlamlı olarak kullanılacaktır.Amaç: Kitlesel Suriyeli göçü ile birlikte ortaya çıkan entegrasyon tartışmalarını teorik, tarihsel, hukuksal ve kurumsal yanlarıyla tartışmak ve entegrasyon süreçlerinde rol oynayan aktörlerin rollerini ele almak bu makalenin birinci amacıdır.Yöntem: İkincil kaynaklardan ve yazarın kendi alan araştırmalarının bulgularından faydalanarak daha çok betimsel bir çalışma yapmak.Bulgular: Günümüzde cumhuriyetçi ve çokkültürcü modelin göçmenlerin entegrasyonu süreçlerinde iç içe geçmiş bir şekilde kullanılıyor olduğunu göstermek; ve 2015 ve 2020 yılları arasında Türkiye’nin geçici koruma altındaki Suriyelilerin eğitim ve sağlık hizmetlerine erişim ve yurttaşlık gibi alanlardaki uyum prosedürlerine büyük bir ilerleme kaydettiği saptamasını yapmak.Özgünlük: Göçmenlerin uyumu konusunda uluslararası literatürden de faydalanarak Türkiye’nin tarihsel olarak hangi uyum modellerine daha yakın olduğu konusunda bilimsel bir değerlendirme yapmak.