bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dual function of SF3B2 on chromatin and RNA to regulate transcription in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Kitamura Koji , Suzuki Hidefumi , Abe Ryota , Inohara Hidenori , Kaneda Yasufumi , Takahashi Hidehisa , Nimura Keisuke
Published: June 2022

RNA is spliced concomitantly with transcription and the process is organized by RNA splicing factors, transcriptional regulators, and chromatin regulators. RNA is spliced in close proximity to transcription machinery. Hence, some RNA splicing factors may play a role in transcription. Here, we show that the splicing factor SF3B2 binds to gene regulatory elements and mRNA to modulate transcription and RNA stability in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells. High SF3B2 expression leads to poor prognosis in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and to progression of tumor growth in mice. SF3B2 promotes tumor growth, owing to its involvement in activation of gene expression associated with mitochondrial electron transport and transcription regulatory region DNA binding. SF3B2 is enriched around the promoter element on chromatin and the transcription termination site on RNA. SF3B2 is involved in the regulation of RNA stability. According to the SF3B2-binding profile, SF3B2 regulates RNA polymerase II activity, in addition to regulating RNA splicing. Mechanistically, SF3B2 promotes the binding of structural maintenance of chromosomes 1A and CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) to the SF3B2-binding genomic regions. SF3B2 also modulates CTCF transcriptional activity. Our findings indicate that SF3B2 has a dual function in both transcription and RNA stability, leading to head and neck squamous cell carcinoma progression.
Legal concerns in health-related artificial intelligence: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Da Silva Michael , Horsley Tanya , Singh Devin , Da Silva Emily , Ly Valentina , Thomas Bryan , Daniel Ryan C. , Chagal-Feferkorn Karni A. , Iantomasi Samantha , White Kelli , Kent Arianne , Flood Colleen M.
Published: June 2022

Background

Medical innovations offer tremendous hope. Yet, similar innovations in governance (law, policy, ethics) are likely necessary if society is to realize medical innovations’ fruits and avoid their pitfalls. As innovations in artificial intelligence (AI) advance at a rapid pace, scholars across multiple disciplines are articulating concerns in health-related AI that likely require legal responses to ensure the requisite balance. These scholarly perspectives may provide critical insights into the most pressing challenges that will help shape and advance future regulatory reforms. Yet, to the best of our knowledge, there is no comprehensive summary of the literature examining legal concerns in relation to health-related AI. We thus aim to summarize and map the literature examining legal concerns in health-related AI using a scoping review approach.

Methods

The scoping review framework developed by (J Soc Res Methodol 8:19-32, 2005) and extended by (Implement Sci 5:69, 2010) and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guided our protocol development. In close consultation with trained librarians, we will develop a highly sensitive search for MEDLINE® (OVID) and adapt it for multiple databases designed to comprehensively capture texts in law, medicine, nursing, pharmacy, other healthcare professions (e.g., dentistry, nutrition), public health, computer science, and engineering. English- and French-language records will be included if they examine health-related AI, describe or prioritize a legal concern in health-related AI or propose a solution thereto, and were published in 2012 or later. Eligibility assessment will be conducted independently and in duplicate at all review stages. Coded data will be analyzed along themes and stratified across discipline-specific literatures.

Discussion

This first-of-its-kind scoping review will summarize available literature examining, documenting, or prioritizing legal concerns in health-related AI to advance law and policy reform(s). The review may also reveal discipline-specific concerns, priorities, and proposed solutions to the concerns. It will thereby identify priority areas that should be the focus of future reforms and regulatory options available to stakeholders in reform processes.

Trial registration

This protocol was submitted to the Open Science Foundation registration database. See https://osf.io/zav7w.
Dietary supplementation with branched-chain amino acids enhances milk production by lactating sows and the growth of suckling piglets
Authors: Rezaei Reza , Gabriel Ana San , Wu Guoyao
Published: June 2022

Background

Under current dietary regimens, milk production by lactating sows is insufficient to sustain the maximal growth of their piglets. As precursors of glutamate and glutamine as well as substrates and activators of protein synthesis, branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) have great potential for enhancing milk production by sows.

Methods

Thirty multiparous sows were assigned randomly into one of three groups: control (a corn- and soybean meal-based diet), the basal diet + 1.535% BCAAs; and the basal diet + 3.07% BCAAs. The ratio (g/g) among the supplemental L-isoleucine, L-leucine and L-valine was 1.00:2.56:1.23. Diets were made isonitrogenous by the addition of appropriate amounts of L-alanine. Lactating sows had free access to drinking water and their respective diets. The number of live-born piglets was standardized to 9 per sow at d 0 of lactation (the day of parturition). On d 3, 15 and 29 of lactation, body weights and milk consumption of piglets were measured, and blood samples were obtained from sows and piglets 2 h and 1 h after feeding and nursing, respectively.

Results

Feed intake did not differ among the three groups of sows. Concentrations of asparagine, glutamate, glutamine, citrulline, arginine, proline,  BCAAs, and many other amino acids  were greater (P < 0.05) in the plasma of BCAA-supplemented sows and their piglets than those in the control group. Compared with the control, dietary supplementation with 1.535% and 3.07% BCAAs increased (P < 0.05) concentrations of free and protein-bound BCAAs, glutamate plus glutamine, aspartate plus asparagine, and many other amino acids in milk; milk production by 14% and 21%, respectively; daily weight gains of piglets by 19% and 28%, respectively, while reducing preweaning mortality rates by 50% and 70%, respectively.

Conclusion

Dietary supplementation with up to 3.07% BCAAs enhanced milk production by lactating sows, and the growth and survival of their piglets.
An exploratory examination of executive functioning as an outcome, moderator, and predictor in outpatient treatment for adults with anorexia nervosa
Authors: Keegan Ella , Byrne Susan , Hay Phillipa , Touyz Stephen , Treasure Janet , Schmidt Ulrike , McIntosh Virginia V. W. , Wade Tracey D.
Published: June 2022

Objective

People with anorexia nervosa often exhibit inefficiencies in executive functioning (central coherence and set shifting) that may negatively impact on treatment outcomes. It is unclear from previous research whether these inefficiencies can change over treatment. We aimed to (1) investigate whether executive functioning can improve over treatment, (2) determine whether baseline executive functioning moderates treatment outcome, and (3) examine whether baseline executive functioning predicts early change (i.e., increase in body mass index over the first 13 weeks of treatment) or remission.

Method

We conducted linear mixed model and logistic regression analyses on data from the Strong Without Anorexia Nervosa trial (Byrne et al. in Psychol Med 47:2823–2833, 2017). This study was a randomised controlled trial of three outpatient treatments for people with anorexia nervosa: Enhanced Cognitive Behavioural Therapy, Maudsley Model Anorexia Nervosa Treatment for Adults, and Specialist Supportive Clinical Management.

Results

While set shifting clearly improved from baseline to end of treatment, the results for central coherence were less clear cut. People with low baseline central coherence had more rapid reductions in eating disorder psychopathology and clinical impairment than those with high baseline central coherence. Baseline executive functioning did not predict early change or remission.

Discussion

The detail-focused thinking style commonly observed among people with anorexia nervosa may aid treatment outcomes. Future research that is more adequately powered should replicate this study and examine whether the same pattern of results is observed among people with non-underweight eating disorders.
Blue pigments in Cave 256, Mogao Grottoes: a systematic analysis of murals and statues in Five dynasties, Song Dynasty and Qing Dynasty
Authors: Shui Biwen , Yu Zongren , Cui Qiang , Wang Zhuo , Yin Zhiyuan , Sun Manli , Su Boming
Published: June 2022

Murals of Cave 256, Mogao Grottoes consist of several layers, with the outermost layer overlays all others. The bottom layer was painted in the five dynasties. The outermost layer was mural of the Song Dynasty. Statues were repainted in the Qing Dynasty. We found that different blue pigments are used in multilayer murals which reflects the social development at that time to a certain extent. In order to know the type of blue pigments, technology such as X-ray diffraction, microscopic FTIR spectroscopy and polarizing microscope were used for analysis of trace samples based on non-destructive research through the portable X-ray fluorescence. As a result, we know that Lazurite was used as blue pigment in murals of the Five Dynasties and Azurite was used in the Song Dynasty. Smalt used in statues of the Qing Dynasty was first discovered in Mogao Grottoes. It can be inferred from the discovery of smalt that statues of the Qing Dynasty in Cave 256 were repainted in the first half of the nineteenth century.
A better entity detection of question for knowledge graph question answering through extracting position-based patterns
Authors: Yani Mohammad , Krisnadhi Adila Alfa , Budi Indra
Published: June 2022

Entity detection task on knowledge graph question answering systems has been studied well on simple questions. However, the task is still challenging on complex questions. It is due to a complex question is composed of more than one fact or triple. This paper proposes a method to detect entities and their position on triples mentioned in a question. Unlike existing approaches that only focus on detecting the entity name, our method can determine in which triple an entity is located. Furthermore, our approach can also define if an entity is a head or a tail of a triple mentioned in a question. We tested our approach to SimpleQuestions, LC-QuAD 2.0, and QALD series benchmarks. The experiment result demonstrates that our model outperforms the previous works on SimpleQuestions and QALD series datasets. 99.15% accuracy and 96.15% accuracy on average, respectively. Our model can also improve entity detection performance on LC-QuAD 2.0 with a merged dataset, namely, 97.4% accuracy. This paper also presents Wikidata QALD series version that is helpful for researchers to assess the knowledge graph question answering system they develop.
Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation with temperature management could improve the neurological outcomes of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a retrospective analysis of a nationwide multicenter observational study in Japan
Authors: Sakurai Toshihiro , Kaneko Tadashi , Yamada Shu , Takahashi Takeshi
Published: June 2022

Background

Target temperature management (TTM) is an effective component of treating out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) after return of spontaneous circulation in conventional cardiopulmonary resuscitation. However, therapeutic hypothermia (32–34 °C TTM) is not recommended based on the results of recent studies. Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) with veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation is another promising therapy for OHCA, but few studies have examined the effectiveness of ECPR with TTM. Therefore, we hypothesized that ECPR with TTM could have the effectiveness to improve the neurological outcomes for adults following witnessed OHCA, in comparison to ECPR without TTM.

Methods

We performed retrospective subanalyses of the Japanese Association for Acute Medicine OHCA registry. We focused on adults who underwent ECPR for witnessed OHCA. We performed univariate (the Mann–Whitney U test and Fisher’s exact test), multivariable (logistic regression analyses), and propensity score analyses (the inverse probability of the treatment-weighting method) with to compare the neurological outcomes between patients with or without TTM, among all eligible patients, patients with a cardiogenic cause, and patients divided into subgroups according to the interval from collapse to pump start (ICPS) (> 30, > 45, or > 60 min).

Results

We analyzed data for 977 patients. Among 471 patients treated with TTM, the target temperature was therapeutic hypothermia in 70%, and the median interval from collapse to target temperature was 249 min. Propensity score analysis showed a positive association between TTM and favorable neurological outcomes in all patients (odds ratio 1.546 [95% confidence interval 1.046–2.286], P = 0.029), and in patients with ICPS of > 30 or > 45 min, but not in those with ICPS of > 60 min. The propensity score analysis also showed a positive association between TTM and favorable neurological outcomes in patients with a cardiogenic cause (odds ratio 1.655 [95% confidence interval 1.096–2.500], P = 0.017), including in all ICPS subgroups (> 30, > 45, and > 60 min).

Conclusion

Within patients who underwent ECPR following OHCA, ECPR with TTM could show the potential of improvement in the neurological outcomes, compared to ECPR without TTM.
Climatic zonation of Egypt based on high-resolution dataset using image clustering technique
Authors: Hamed Mohammed Magdy , Nashwan Mohamed Salem , Shahid Shamsuddin
Published: June 2022

Egypt, a predominantly arid and hyper-arid country, is one of the environmentally most fragile regions of the world. The country became a hot spot for climatic extremes and aridity change in the global warming context. The unavailability of a detailed and reliable climate zonation map is a major hindrance to climatic studies in Egypt. This study attempted to generate a high-resolution climate zone map of Egypt based on a novel image analysis technique. For this purpose, a colored image representing Egypt's composite climatology was developed using three high-resolution (1-km) climate variables: rainfall, maximum temperature and minimum temperature during 1979–2013. A spherical evolution algorithm was used to classify the image into different climate zones. Subsequently, the climate zones representing similar climate distribution were merged to generate the climate map of Egypt. The study revealed that Egypt’s distinguishable climate zones could be recognized when the land area was classified into nine zones using the image analysis technique. The statistical analysis of climate variables of each zone revealed similar climatology only in two pairs of zones. The merging of similar climate zones yielded seven climate zones having distinct climate characteristics. The validation of climate zonation using various statistical tests revealed the robustness of the proposed method in classifying climate. The climate zone map generated in the study can be used as a reference for climate change analysis in Egypt.
Human-mimetic binaural ear design and sound source direction estimation for task realization of musculoskeletal humanoids
Authors: Omura Yusuke , Kawaharazuka Kento , Nagamatsu Yuya , Koga Yuya , Nishiura Manabu , Toshimitsu Yasunori , Asano Yuki , Okada Kei , Kawasaki Koji , Inaba Masayuki
Published: June 2022

Human-like environment recognition by musculoskeletal humanoids is important for task realization in real complex environments and for use as dummies for test subjects. Humans integrate various sensory information to perceive their surroundings, and hearing is particularly useful for recognizing objects out of view or out of touch. In this research, we aim to realize human-like auditory environmental recognition and task realization for musculoskeletal humanoids by equipping them with a human-like auditory processing system. Humans realize sound-based environmental recognition by estimating directions of the sound sources and detecting environmental sounds based on changes in the time and frequency domain of incoming sounds and the integration of auditory information in the central nervous system. We propose a human mimetic auditory information processing system, which consists of three components: the human mimetic binaural ear unit, which mimics human ear structure and characteristics, the sound source direction estimation system, and the environmental sound detection system, which mimics processing in the central nervous system. We apply it to Musashi, a human mimetic musculoskeletal humanoid, and have it perform tasks that require sound information outside of view in real noisy environments to confirm the usefulness of the proposed methods.
Characterization of oral and gut microbiome and plasma metabolomics in COVID-19 patients after 1-year follow-up
Authors: Cui Guang-Ying , Rao Ben-Chen , Zeng Zhao-Hai , Wang Xue-Mei , Ren Tong , Wang Hai-Yu , Luo Hong , Ren Hong-Yan , Liu Chao , Ding Su-Ying , Tan Jun-Jie , Liu Zhen-Guo , Zou Ya-Wen , Ren Zhi-Gang , Yu Zu-Jiang
Published: June 2022

Background

Due to the outbreak and rapid spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), more than 160 million patients have become convalescents worldwide to date. Significant alterations have occurred in the gut and oral microbiome and metabonomics of patients with COVID-19. However, it is unknown whether their characteristics return to normal after the 1-year recovery.

Methods

We recruited 35 confirmed patients to provide specimens at discharge and one year later, as well as 160 healthy controls. A total of 497 samples were prospectively collected, including 219 tongue-coating, 129 stool and 149 plasma samples. Tongue-coating and stool samples were subjected to 16S rRNA sequencing, and plasma samples were subjected to untargeted metabolomics testing.

Results

The oral and gut microbiome and metabolomics characteristics of the 1-year convalescents were restored to a large extent but did not completely return to normal. In the recovery process, the microbial diversity gradually increased. Butyric acid-producing microbes and Bifidobacterium gradually increased, whereas lipopolysaccharide-producing microbes gradually decreased. In addition, sphingosine-1-phosphate, which is closely related to the inflammatory factor storm of COVID-19, increased significantly during the recovery process. Moreover, the predictive models established based on the microbiome and metabolites of patients at the time of discharge reached high efficacy in predicting their neutralizing antibody levels one year later.

Conclusions

This study is the first to characterize the oral and gut microbiome and metabonomics in 1-year convalescents of COVID-19. The key microbiome and metabolites in the process of recovery were identified, and provided new treatment ideas for accelerating recovery. And the predictive models based on the microbiome and metabolomics afford new insights for predicting the recovery situation which benefited affected individuals and healthcare.
Acute coronary syndrome after liver transplantation in a young primary biliary cholangitis recipient with dyslipidemia: a case report
Authors: Yao Siyuan , Iwashita Akiho , Yagi Shintaro , Watanabe Hirotoshi , Nishio Takahiro , Koyama Yukinori , Nagai Kazuyuki , Kamo Naoko , Taura Kojiro , Hatano Etsuro
Published: June 2022

Background

Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is a chronic, progressive liver disease associated with dyslipidemia. There is a consensus that PBC does not accelerate coronary artery disease despite high cholesterol levels, so the screening test for the coronary artery is not routinely performed before liver transplantation (LT). To date, no report has described the potential risk of PBC-related dyslipidemia for developing acute coronary syndrome (ACS) after LT.

Case presentation

A 40-year-old Asian female with a known history of PBC underwent ABO-incompatible living-donor LT, with her husband as the donor. Although she had high cholesterol and triglyceride levels that were refractory to medications, she passed all routine preoperative examinations, including cardiopulmonary function tests and infection screenings. One week after LT, she developed ACS with 90% stenosis of both the left anterior descending artery and left circumflex artery. Emergent stent implantation was successfully performed followed by dual antiplatelet therapy. The long history of PBC and associated severe dyslipidemia for 10 years would have accelerated the atherosclerosis, causing latent stenosis in the coronary artery. Inapparent stenosis might have become apparent due to unstable hemodynamics during the acute phase after LT.

Conclusions

PBC-related dyslipidemia potentially brings a risk for developing ACS after LT. This experience suggests that the preoperative evaluation of the coronary artery should be considered for high-risk patients, especially those who have drug-resistant dyslipidemia.
Twinkling-guided ultrasound detection of polymethyl methacrylate as a potential breast biopsy marker: a comparative investigation
Authors: Lee Christine U. , Urban Matthew W. , Lee Miller A. , Uthamaraj Susheil , Jakub James W. , Hesley Gina K. , Wood Benjamin G. , Brinkman Nathan J. , Herrick James L. , Larson Nicholas B. , Yaszemski Michael J. , Greenleaf James F.
Published: June 2022

Since its first description 25 years ago, color Doppler twinkling has been a compelling ultrasound feature in diagnosing urinary stones. While the fundamental cause of twinkling remains elusive, the distinctive twinkling signature is diagnostically valuable in clinical practice. It can be inferred that if an entity twinkles, it empirically has certain physical features. This work investigates a manipulable polymeric material, polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), which twinkles and has measurable surface roughness and porosity that likely contribute to twinkling. Comparative investigation of these structural properties and of the twinkling signatures of breast biopsy markers made from PMMA and selected commercially available markers showed how twinkling can improve ultrasound detection of devices intentionally designed to twinkle. While this specific application of detecting breast biopsy markers by twinkling may provide a way to approach an unmet need in the care of patients with breast cancer, this work ultimately provides a platform from which the keys to unlocking the fundamental physics of twinkling can be rigorously explored.
Comparative study Of TVS cervical score and Bishop score in prediction of successful labour induction
Authors: Agrawal Alka , Tripathi P. S. , Bhandari Gaurav , Kheti Pramita , Madhpuriya Gulshan , Rathore Roshani
Published: June 2022

Background

In today's obstetric practice, induction of labour is a common procedure. Before the imaging era, the favourability of the cervix was assessed by manual examination scored as the Bishop Score. However, subjectivity and high inter- and intra-observer variability are limitations of this approach. This necessitates the implementation of an objective method of assessment. We used transvaginal sonography (TVS) as an objective method of assessment of cervix by TVS cervical score comprising of five different parameters; cervical length, funnelling at the internal os, distance from the presenting part to the external os, and cervix position. This study aims to evaluate the role of the pre-induction transvaginal ultrasonographic (TVS) cervical score in predicting labour outcome and comparing it to the Bishop score in patients undergoing induction of labour.

Methodology

This observational prospective study included 100 pregnant women admitted for labour induction at a single tertiary care centre. The TVS examination which consisted of five parameters was performed after the clinical Bishop scoring. The TVS scores were compared with the Bishop scores for all patients. Labour induction was done within one hour of examination and the outcome of the induction was recorded.

Results

The mean age was 25.87 years [SD = 4.35]. Labour induction was successful in 74% of patients. At cut-off Scores of ≥ 4, TVS cervical Score performed better than Bishop Score (Sensitivity 93.24 vs. 67.57%, Specificity 73.08 vs. 65.38%). ROC analysis indicated that Area Under Curve (AUC) was more for TVS Score (0.91, 95% CI 0.84–0.97), compared to Bishop Score.

Conclusion

Transvaginal ultrasonography is an objective method of cervical assessment. We conclude from our study that the use of TVS score which consists of five different parameters in cervical assessment provides a better prediction of successful labour induction than the Bishop score, and so can prevent various complications associated with induction failure.
The role of triphasic CT imaging and 18F FDG PET CT on detection of extrahepatic metastases and proper staging of HCC: a comparative study
Authors: Barakat Mai M. K. , Badran Ethar M. , Allam Yasmine Emad Aldin Hassan , Alsabbagh Zenat Ahmed , Abdelrahman Ahmed S.
Published: June 2022

Background

Extrahepatic metastases and proper staging of HCC are mandatory for proper assessment of the disease process and its exact extent. Subsequently, clinicians can put precise management and treatment strategies for patients with metastatic HCC. 18FFDG PET/CT is one of the best imaging modalities for the proper detection of metastases and staging. It can provide both functional information and high contrast resolution of CT.

Results

On comparison between 18F FDG PET/CT and triphasic CT regarding metastases PET/CT showed greater sensitivity (92.3%) and specificity (84.4%), than triphasic CT (51.3%), (81/3%), and (76.9%), respectively. PET/CT revealed that the SUV max cutoff point for diagnosis of HCC was > 3.PET/CT revealed an SUV max cutoff point of > 5.57 for predicting that HCC has extrahepatic metastases. PET/CT revealed an SUV max cutoff point of > 3.35 for differentiating between metastatic and nonmetastatic lesions.

Conclusions

PET/CT combines the advantages of the excellent functional information provided by PET and the contrast resolution of CT. It increases the rate of detection of extrahepatic metastases, so it is more sensitive than triphasic CT in the staging of HCC. Using the standard uptake value proved to be efficient in HCC diagnosis and staging being more related to the functional activity of the tumor cells.
Mental health and climate change in Africa
Authors: Atwoli Lukoye , Muhia Joy , Merali Zul
Published: June 2022

It is now widely acknowledged that low- and middle-income countries in Africa are among global hotspots for high vulnerability to climate change, despite making comparatively low contributions to this phenomenon. Climate change has been shown to affect mental health as a result of disruption of social and economic structures that populations depend on for good health, including mental health. After decades of neglect, recent efforts by governments such as in Kenya to address the twin issues of climate change and mental health demonstrate the growing importance of these issues. Here we briefly review the evidence of climate change impacts on mental health in Africa and demonstrate that there is need for more contextual awareness and research in this area in Africa to mitigate or forestall potential mental health crises in the near future. We recommend systematic efforts to support funding for research and interventions at the nexus between climate change and mental health in Africa, and urge institutions and governments in Africa to begin paying attention to this emerging threat to the health of African populations.
Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Plus Immunotherapy in Early-Stage Resectable Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Passaro Antonio , Attili Ilaria , de Marinis Filippo
Published: June 2022

The Oncology Grand Rounds series is designed to place original reports published in the Journal into clinical context. A case presentation is followed by a description of diagnostic and management challenges, a review of the relevant literature, and a summary of the authors' suggested management approaches. The goal of this series is to help readers better understand how to apply the results of key studies, including those published in the Journal of Clinical Oncology , to patients seen in their own clinical practice.
Strategic Parent Meets Detached Child? Parental Intended Bequest Division and Support From Children
Authors: Ho Christine
Published: June 2022

While the literature shows that elderly parents may use bequests to reward children who provide them with time support, there is limited evidence on whether younger, less needy parents base their intended bequest division on alternative forms of support from children. This study uses data from the June 2018 Singapore Life Panel and focuses on a sample of 4,125 adult children and their middle-aged and older parents. From family fixed-effects estimation, I find that parents intend to leave larger bequest shares to coresident children and to children who provide greater material support. Parents also intend to bequeath more to children in whom they confide frequently, while children in whom they confide rarely receive more bequests only if they provide greater material support. The results suggest that parents may interpret physical and emotional proximity to children as signs of filiality for which they may reward them, while detached children may earn such rewards through material support. This study demonstrates the existence of coresidence-for-bequest and money-for-bequest exchanges between adult children and their middle-aged and older parents. These exchanges may translate into future caregiving-for-bequests when parents become elderly, and may thus have broader implications for both individual and societal well-being.
More
Authors: Owen Ianna Hawkins
Published: June 2022

In response to the widely circulated asexual provocation “Why have sex when there is cake?” this essay explores the productive overlap between asexuality's nonsexual pleasures associated with food and feedism's sexual pleasures associated with eating. Building on a long-standing interest in Audre Lorde's interventions concerning erotic pleasure, “More” theorizes “quantity” as an antihierarchical queer framework for perceiving, thinking, and holding such experiences. Toward this end, the essay closely reads an asexual pride poster, a painting by Wayne Thiebaud, and a photograph by Nayland Blake.
Glucocorticoids enhance chemotherapy-driven stress granule assembly and impair granule dynamics, leading to cell death
Authors: Schwed-Gross Avital , Hamiel Hila , Faber Gabriel P. , Angel Mor , Ben-Yishay Rakefet , Benichou Jennifer I. C. , Ishay-Ronen Dana , Shav-Tal Yaron
Published: June 2022

Stress granules (SGs) can assemble in cancer cells upon chemotoxic stress. Glucocorticoids function during stress responses and are administered with chemotherapies. The roles of glucocorticoids in SG assembly and disassembly pathways are unknown. We examined whether combining glucocorticoids such as cortisone with chemotherapies from the vinca alkaloid family, which dismantle the microtubule network, affects SG assembly and disassembly pathways and influences cell viability in cancer cells and human-derived organoids. Cortisone augmented SG formation when combined with vinorelbine (VRB). Live-cell imaging showed that cortisone increased SG assembly rates but reduced SG clearance rates after stress, by increasing protein residence times within the SGs. Mechanistically, VRB and cortisone signaled through the integrated stress response mediated by eIF2α (also known as EIF2S1), yet induced different kinases, with cortisone activating the GCN2 kinase (also known as EIF2AK4). Cortisone increased VRB-induced cell death and reduced the population of cells trapped in mitotic catastrophe. These effects were mediated by the core SG proteins G3BP1 and G3BP2. In conclusion, glucocorticoids induce SG assembly and cell death when administered with chemotherapies, suggesting that combining glucocorticoids with chemotherapies can enhance cancer cell chemosensitivity.
Forebrain Network Associated With Cardiovascular Control in Exercising Humans
Authors: Shoemaker J. Kevin
Published: June 2022

This article describes the forebrain neurocircuitry associated with rapid heart rate response at the exercise onset with attention to ascending somatosensory information from the Type I and II afferents from the contracting muscle and potential influence of sensory information related to blood pressure and changes in heart rate.
Musculoskeletal manifestations of lymphoma: a case series
Authors: Jackson David , Ryan Anthony G , Walsh Elaine , Bolger Mark , Hennessy Brian , ElHassadi Ezzat , Kumar Senthil , Heneghan Joan , O'Driscoll Donal
Published: June 2022

Lymphomas are a heterogenous group of cancers of the lymphatic system in which disease primarily arises in lymph nodes. Extranodal disease is common; however, musculoskeletal involvement is rare. Imaging plays an important role in the diagnosis and staging of all lymphomas. In this case series, we present examples of musculoskeletal involvement of lymphoma encountered at our institution. We outline the clinical presentation and imaging findings of each and use these cases to review the features that can help to differentiate lymphoma from other musculoskeletal lesions.
Imaging findings of lower limb involvement following COVID-19
Authors: Godoy Ivan Rodrigues Barros , Rodrigues Tatiane Cantarelli , Zamariolli Gabriela dos Santos , Dias Gustavo Pimenta de Figueiredo , Yamada André Fukunishi , Skaf Abdalla Youssef
Published: June 2022

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is known mainly by the severe acute respiratory syndrome, with myalgia as a common clinical symptom. Recent reports described musculoskeletal complications related to COVID-19 such as myositis, neuropathy and arthropathy.

Radiologists and ordering physicians should be aware of lower limb complications following severe COVID-19 for optimal patient care.
Brain structural abnormalities in six major psychiatric disorders: shared variation and network perspectives
Authors: de Mendonça Filho Euclides José , Alves Márcio Bonesso , Silveira Patricia Pelufo
Published: June 2022

Common brain abnormalities are a possible explanation for comorbidities in psychiatric disorders. Challenges in understanding these conditions are likely due to the paucity of studies able to analyze the extent and regional distribution of shared morphometric abnormalities between disorders. Recently, Opeal et al. presented an elegant rationale to investigate shared and specific morphometric measures of cortical thickness and subcortical gray matter volume between healthy individuals and subjects across six major psychiatric disorders. Although their approach has the potential to systematically portray shared brain alterations, the chosen principal component analysis solution may not address the central question of the observed shared versus specific brain alterations due to misspecification of the number of components. Given how this misspecification can lead to different conclusions, we reanalyzed Opel et al. data to thoroughly determine the number of factors to be considered, explore the alternative solution, and visualize the patterns of shared brain matter correlations using network analysis. Our approach suggests that a unidimensional solution was appropriate in this situation. The unidimensional solution indicated that brain alterations in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) had a significant negative component loading, suggesting that brain abnormalities found in ASD covaried with major depressive disorder (MDD), bipolar disorder (BD), schizophrenia (SCZ), and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), a finding not demonstrated by the original work. Network analysis indicated that SCZ had the highest strength, BD the highest closeness, and BD and MDD had the highest betweenness in the network. This work highlights how different component solutions can lead to different conclusions, with important implications for the understanding of overlapped patterns of symptoms among six major psychiatric diseases. The network approach is complementary in indicating central markers of specific psychopathology domains. Investigations using shared-variation and network perspectives are promising for the study of pathophysiological patterns of common brain alterations.
“Grabbing” autonomy when the learning environment doesn’t support it: an evidence-based guide for medical learners
Authors: Neufeld Adam
Published: June 2022

According to self-determination theory (SDT), environments which assist the basic psychological needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness will facilitate autonomous motivation, learning, and wellness. On the other hand, environments which introduce external controls and power dynamics into the equation will do the opposite. Educational studies support these principles, yet most have focused on learners’ autonomy satisfaction as a passive process (e.g., via support or hindrance by educators), rather than the agentic pursuit that SDT emphasizes. In this commentary, I draw on my experience as a senior resident and SDT researcher and focus on how medical learners can “grab” more autonomy when the learning environment does not support it. I present a hypothetical case of a preceptor whose teaching style is controlling and unfortunately well-known to medical learners. I then unpack the case and outline different strategies that medical learners can use to navigate this type of interpersonal conflict.
Economic Partnership Agreement (APE) between West Africa and the European Union: state of the art and prospects
Authors: Yossa Frank-valere , Sekongo Basil
Published: June 2022

The article discusses in detail the adoption of the economic partnership Agreement (APE) between West Africa and the EU, and its impact on the integration of countries in the West African region. The article reveals the main historical background, problems and prospects, which gives both the EU and West Africa the ratification of the economic partnership Agreement. As part of the research of this article, such methods as analysis and synthesis of scientific literature and data of the summits of the EU and Africa, induction and deduction, comparison and formalization applied. This study in the article allowed to consider in more detail the trade turnover between the EU and West Africa, the processes of export liberalization, the common external tariff, the problems faced by the EU and which prompted it to develop and sign the Agreement, as well as the prospects that the EU and West Africa will receive in the future as part of the integration of their economies. At the same time, no matter how unprofitable for the EU from a trade point of view, this partnership allows it to strengthen its position on the African continent and remain the leader of the world trade market.
New Cycles and Systemic Crises of the World Economy
Authors: Basovskaya Elena , Basovskiy Leonid
Published: June 2022

The purpose of the work was to identify new long-term cycles of modern world economic dynamics. In the world economic dynamics, long-term - half-century cycles were identified, identified as the cycles of N. Kondratiev, which were formed during the formation of the industrial economy. The transition to a post-industrial economy could change the cyclic nature of economic dynamics. To assess possible changes in the system of long-term cycles of economic dynamics, a spectral analysis of the series of per capita GDP of the leaders of the world economy in terms of labor productivity was performed. The results showed that in the 20th century the economic dynamics of Great Britain and the United States formed powerful cycles with a period of 25-30 years. A spectral analysis of the series of per capita GDP in the world for the period 1962-2019 has been performed. The results obtained indicate that at the turn of the 20th-21st centuries, powerful cycles with a period of 25-30 years were formed in world economic dynamics, significantly exceeding half-century cycles in terms of power.

Econometric models with a cyclic (harmonic) component are constructed to estimate the parameters of cycles. At the first stage of research, the model of world per capita GDP was guarded, the optimized period of which was 65. At the second stage, a model was built, the optimized period of which was 25 years. The possibility of the existence of two models indicates that in the economic systems of developed countries, in the world economy, transitional processes are taking place. Both models may reflect the beginning of the formation at the beginning of the second decade of a new technological order, characteristic of the post-industrial economic system. This means the possibility of a systemic global economic crisis in 2022-2023.
Construction and Analysis of the Operating Leverage Curve
Authors: Averina Tatyana
Published: June 2022

The effect of operating leverage is an important tool for management analysis, reflecting the relationship between the natural volume of product sales and operating profit, and serves as an indicator of operational risk. This makes the issue of monitoring the indicator, determining safe boundaries and the degree of stability of its values relevant. The article presents an example of constructing and analyzing the operating leverage effect curve. The main element of novelty in the framework of the study was the thesis on the allocation of segments according to the criterion of elasticity of the effect of operating leverage.
Indicators of Effectiveness and Efficiency of the Municipal Program of the Municipal Formation of the City of Tula "Accessible Environment"
Authors: Suslova A.
Published: June 2022

The work is devoted to the evaluation of the use of performance indicators and the effectiveness of the implementation of the municipal program of the municipality of Tula "Accessible Environment" for the period 2017-2020. The purpose of the program is to create conditions for ensuring unhindered access of disabled people to municipal social infrastructure facilities in the field of education, culture, sports, physical culture and youth policy (in priority areas of disability) and overcoming social disunity in society. The objectives of the municipal program are to equip municipal social infrastructure facilities in priority areas of disabled people's life with devices and devices to ensure access for disabled people, as well as to provide conditions for the socialization and integration of disabled people into society. But, unfortunately, the financial support that is laid down in the municipal program does not sufficiently meet the needs of people with disabilities.
Actual Problems of Financial Planning of Income, Expenses and Coverage of the State Budget Deficit in the Subject of the Federation on the Materials of the Tula Region
Authors: Yarovova V. , Tarasova I.
Published: June 2022

The article discusses the theoretical and practical tasks of planning revenues and expenditures in the regional budget. The dynamics and structure of the financial resources on the example of the Tula region for a number of years are analyzed from the perspective of budget consolidation. The impact of regional budget finances on the investment opportunities of the regional budget and the distribution of gross product in a crisis is considered. Based on the actual material, the role assigned to regional budget finances in achieving benchmarks for socio-economic development is revealed. The problems of repayment of the budget deficitt of the subject of the federation and possible ways to solve them are identified. The problems of the budget process are identified and directions for further improvement of the policy of financing public expenditures and diversification of sources of covering the regional budget deficit are proposed.

The representativeness of the actual data and the author's calculation and forecast estimates is achieved on the basis of the use of general scientific and special research methods, such as analysis and synthesis, comparison, detailing, dialectical, balance and normative methods; elements of systematic and integrated approaches to finding solutions.

The practical significance of the study is determined by the all-Russian attitude to strengthening budgetary federalism, motivating the regions of Russia in the direction of reducing the level of subsidization into revenue part of the budget of the region, reducing its deficit, increasing the share of its own sources of covering all planned budget allocations.
Anti-Crisis Strategies of Enterprise Resource Management in Modern Conditions of the Russian Federation
Authors: Levkina Nataliya
Published: June 2022

In modern conditions, russian enterprises have faced serious difficulties related to the sanctions imposed against Russia and the response to them. Most of the economic entities, in order to maintain their positions in the market and the stability of their financial situation, are forced to change the current practice of managing their resources and, in this regard, implement various behavioral strategies. This work is devoted to identifying the main types of anti-crisis strategies of Russian enterprises for managing their resources. The results of the study can be used to further study the relationship between business strategies and specific anti-crisis management measures for various types of resources of an economic entities.
Assessing the effectiveness of learning a complex motor activity in children aged 9-10 years
Authors: Matczak Dawid , Wieczorek Marta
Published: June 2022

Introduction

Learning is a complex and multi-dimensional process that depends on cognitive and emotional processes and the development of functional systems of the human body. One type of learning is motor learning. Its course and effects depend on many factors, one of the factors may be gender.  Differences between intellectual and motor learning tend to be blurred when learning a complex motor activity takes place.

Purpose

The cognitive aim of the study is to assess the effectiveness (speed, efficiency, durability) of learning a complex motor activity in a selected group of girls and boys.

Materials and methods:

The study was conducted among 73 children (44 boys and 29 girls) aged 9 - 10 years. The teaching experiment method consisting of three stages was used. The research tool is a program of learning to juggle with three tennis balls. Learning speed was assessed using the Learning Speed Rate (LSR); efficiency was based on the results of subsequent stages as part of the experiment, whereas durability was evaluated on the basis of the effect compliance between stages of the experiment.

Results:

The speed, efficiency and durability of learning a complex motor activity in children participating in the study showed similar levels. Slow learning was dominant among both girls and boys. Yet, boys achieved better learning effects than girls, but these differences were not statistically significant. The subjects showed high durability of learning effects.

Conclusions:

The effectiveness of learning a complex motor activity is characterized by inter-subject variability. Gender makes distinction in terms of speed, efficiency and durability of learning a complex motor activity.