bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pertumbuhan dan Produktivitas 5 Varietas Unggul Baru Padi di Lahan Bukaan Baru Kabupaten Boven Digoel
Authors: Shoidah Fajriyatus , Adnan Adnan
Published: April 2021

New wetlands field generally has low productivity, so a technology is needed for improve productivity. New Superior Variety (NSV) is a technology that is considered easy to be adopted by farmers, so knowing a NSV that is able to adapt to the characteristics and conditions of new wetlands field is a must. The study of adaptive NSV on new wetlands field in Boven Digoel Regency is still limited so that the NSV recommendation for farmers is also still limited. The purpose of this study was to examine the growth and production of new superior varieties on the new wetlands fields in Boven Digoel Regency. The study was conducted on new wetlands in Asiki Village, Jair District during April-August 2019. Randomized Complete Block Design was employed with 3 replications using Inpari 36, Inpari 37, Inpago Rindang 1, Inpago Rindang 2 dan Inpara 8. The results showed different varieties perform different agronomy characters observed (plant height, number of tillers, panicle length, number of grains per panicle, filled grain, per panicle, empty grain per panicle and 1000 grain weight). Inpari 37 produced 5.3 ton/ha Dried Unhulled Rice, the highest production compared to other varieties, so that it could potentially be developed in Boven Digoel’s new wetlands field. Productivity may still be increased by improving soil fertility conditions.
Pengaruh Pemberian Berbagai Konsentrasi Indole-3-Butyric Acid (IBA) dan Lama Perendaman terhadap Pertumbuhan Stek Batang Timi (Thymus vulgaris L.)
Authors: Wafia Khodijah , Karno Karno , Kusmiyati Florentina
Published: April 2021

The method of thyme stem cutting needs to be developed to produce better roots to support growth. The study aims to examine the response of thyme stem cuttings to various concentration of IBA and time soaking. The research was carried out on January – March 2020 in screen house PT. INDMIRA, Sleman, Yogyakarta and the Physiology and Plant Breeding Laboratory of the Faculty of Animal and Agricultural Science, Diponegoro University. The method used was a completely randomized design with a factorial 4×3 with 5 replications. The first factor was a various concentration of IBA: A0 (0 ppm), A1 (100 ppm), A2 (250 ppm), and A3 (500 ppm). The second factor was the time soaking: B1 (5 minutes), B2 (10 minutes), and B3 (15 minutes.) The results showed that IBA concentration has no significant effect for root dry weight, while the time soaking has significant effect for all parameters. Soaking thyme stem cuttings at an IBA 250 ppm for 10 minutes gave the best results on plant length, the number of leaves, root length, and root dry weight, but soaking in water (without IBA) for 5 minutes was able to give the best number of percentage of life cuttings (85%) so that giving IBA had no needed.
Keragaman Serangga di Pola Pertanaman Tumpang Sari Kedelai-Titonia
Authors: Sari Putri Mustika , Yoesoep Adriansyah , Lisdayani Lisdayani
Published: April 2021

Plants that have a wide range of insect presence, decreased insect diversity and abundance were so few consequenced because the absence of one insect species can be replaced by the presence of another. The bad consequences that occur are the types of plants that have specific insect specificities because the absence of these insects will cause the failure of plant pollination and will directly cause a decrease in crop production. This study aimed to determine the diversity of insect species that come in the soybean-tithonia intercropping. The method was used direct observation in tithonia-soybean intercropping, took insects using a sweep net in the morning. The results showed that there were 15 types of insects identified, namely Epilachna sp.; Coccinella sexmaculata; Coccinella transveralis; Verania lineata; Ropalidia fasciata; Priocnemis sp.; Naupactus leucoloma; Piezodorus guildinii; Bemicia tabaci; Agromyza phaseoli; Spodoptera sp.; Nezara viridula; Paederus fusipes; Hylaeus sp.; and Trigona sp. The range of results of the calculation of the diversity index showed that the five treatments in intercropping plants had the same abundance. So it was needed to calculate the highest diversity index value or maximum H expressed in Ln S. The maximum H value in this study is 2.708, which is a measure of moderate species diversity (1<H’<3).
BUS RAPID TRANSIT POLICY IN MUNICIPAL CITY OF BANDAR LAMPUNG
Authors: Hermawan Dedy , Sumanjoyo Simon
Published: April 2021

The aim of the research is to describe and discess the policy cycle of Bus Rapid Transit, the polemic in the policy of bus rapid transit, and the involvement of the stakeholder and their role in bus rapid transpit policy in Bandar Lampung. This research uses post positivistic paradigm with the approach of qualitative descriptive research method. This research resulted as: firstly, the bus rapid transit is an derivative regulation of Act No. 22 2009 regarding Traffic and Road  Transport, aimed to reduce traffic jam in Bandar Lampung city. Secondly, the policy of bus rapid transit was arranged stage-by-stage with a full iniative from the Municipal goverement of Bandar Lampung, collaborated with the leading sector from Transportation Bureau of Bandar Lampung, involving PT Trans Bandar Lampung as the management in charge. Thirdly, there was a polemic of bus rapid transit policy regarding the monopoly of route of people transportation by the bus rapid transit, special treatment to bus rapid transit which don’t pay bus station retribution which is unfair, and there was some illegal fees on the employee in PT Trans .Bandar Lampung. Fourthly, the of bus rapid transit involves many stakeholders, such as Ministry of Transportatio of The Republic of Indonesia, |Transportation Bureau of Bandar Lampung City, The Regional Representatives Council of Bandar Lampung, Road Transportation Organization of Bandar Lampung, PT. Trans Bandar Lampung, Perum DAMRI Bandar Lampung, Lampung Region of Indonesia Transportation Society, Communication Forum of Public Car Transportation Bandar Lampung, CV. Devis Jaya, and also Indonesian Police and Civil Servant Security Forces.

 

Keyword: Public policy, Transportation, Bus Rapid Transit
DUTIES AND FUNCTIONS ANALYSIS ABOUT COMMUNITY EMPOWERMENT INSTITUTION IN BONTANG CITY
Authors: Hairunnisa Hairunnisa
Published: April 2021

 

Institute for Community Empowerment (Lembaga Pemberdayan Masyarakat – LPM) has been established in Bontang City area since 2001 and strengthened by Regional Regulation No. 12 of 2003 on the Institute for Community Empowerment and RT in Bontang City area. This paper aimed to describe the presence of LPM in bringing progress to the Bontang city development. There are four sectors that receive equal attention from the LPM, which includes the religious, infrastructure development, human resources and economics. To develop those four sectors LPM has several functions, consist of: fertilizing sense of unity and cohesion function, coordination plan and perform function, coordination and plan of social institutions function, and utilization of public funds for rural development function. The first three functions had been implemented well, while the last function was implemented quite well. However there were concerns about the process of development planning where participatory approach was not all active. Having this results, it can be conclude that the presence of LPM has positively influence the development in Bontang City.

 

Keywords : Community Empowerment Institution.
Efektivitas Implementasi Program Inovasi Kelurahan di Kota Pontianak
Authors: Maryuni Sri
Published: April 2021

Program Inovasi Kelurahan merupakan salah satu usaha Pemerintah Kota Pontianak untuk membangun kapasitas dan memberdayakan kelurahan sebagai ujung tombak pelayanan kepada masyarakat melalui kolaborasi, koordinasi dan konsultasi yang intensif dengan Satuan Kerja Perangkat Daerah tertentu sebagai partner kerjanya. Efektifitas implementasi Program Inovasi Kelurahan di Kota Pontianak dapat dinilai dari empat ‘tepat’, yaitu: tepat kebijakannya, tepat pelaksananya, tepat target atau sasarannya dan tepat lingkungannya. Selain itu perlu didukung oleh tiga jenis dukungan, yaitu: dukungan politik, dukungan strategik dan dukungan teknis. Kegiatan-kegiatan yang ada dalam Program Inovasi Kelurahan di Kota Pontianak dinilai sudah efektif, karena sebagian besar kegiatan telah memobilisasi sumber daya yang ada di lingkungannya guna meningkatkan kapasitas dan memberdayakan kelurahan. Implementor atau pelaksana Program Inovasi Kelurahan di masing masing kelurahan telah sesuai antara tema kegiatannya  dengan Satuan Kerja Perangkat daerah (SKPD) selaku Pembina kegiatan tersebut.Sedangkan kelompok sasaran yang terlibat dalam implementasi PIK adalah: institusi kelurahan, SKPD di lingkungan Pemerintah Kota Pontianak dan kelembagaan masyarakat di Kota Pontianak. Kegiatan-kegiatan yang ada di masing-masing kelurahan dalam Program Inovasi Kelurahan di Kota Pontianak dinilai sudah sesuai dengan lingkungannya, karena kegiatannya disesuaikan dengan kondisi lingkungannya dan telah memberikan manfaat yang luas kepada masyarakat. Disarankan Program Inovasi Kelurahan di Kota Pontianak berkesinambungan dari tahun ke tahun, karena program ini dapat mendorong kemandirian masyarakat dan institusi kelurahan untuk memperbaiki lingkungannya.
Paradoks Pelayanan Kesehatan Ibu dan Anak (Studi Kasus Di Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara)
Authors: Qomariyah Erni
Published: April 2021

Abstrak

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk melihat bahwa  kebijakan desentralisasi sektor kesehatan merupakan strategi penting dalam penyelenggaraan pelayanan kesehatan untuk masyarakat. Prinsip dasarnya adalah pelayanan publik yang paling efisien seharusnya diselenggarakan oleh otoritas yang memiliki kontrol geografis yang paling minimal. Pemerintah daerah mungkin memiliki cukup otoritas dan akses pada sumber-sumber keuangan, akan tetapi jika tidak dikelola dengan seksama, desentralisasi tidak akan menghasilkan manfaat bagi daerah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam pelayanan publik kesehatan ibu dan anak belum menggembirakan. Banyak faktor ynag menjadi penyebabnya, antara lain : 1) Sulawesi Tenggara merupakan provinsi kedua terendah di Indonesia dalam proses kelahiran yang ditolong tenaga kesehatan, 2) Semakin memburuknya ketersediaan Pos Persalinan Desa (Polindes) dimana jumlah desa yang harus dilayani oleh setiap satu Pustu menurun.       Komitmen pemerintah daerah dengan menyediakan anggaran yang cukup besar di bidang kesehatan harus dimbangi dengan penyediaan fasilitas dan  kemudahan pelayanan kesehatan. Karena Sulawesi Tenggara sebenarnya merupakan provinsi yang meraih PAD tertinggi di pulau Sulawesi tetapi justru kemiskinannya menduduki peringkat ke 11 secara nasional.
Kata kunci: Paradoks, Desentralisasi Kesehatan, Pelayanan Publik, Kesehatan Ibu dan Anak
Etika dan Akuntabilitas Sektor Publik
Authors: Hastiyanto Febrie
Published: April 2021

Relasi antara birokrasi (atau administrasi publik) dengan politik dalam pemerintahan (governance) bersifat komplementer. Bahkan ilmu administrasi publik lahir sebagai respons terhadap perilaku politik dalam pemerintahan. Ilmu Administrasi Publik lahir dari kejengahan Woodrow Wilson Guru Besar Ilmu Politik Amerika Serikat terhadap perilaku politik Presiden Amerika ke-7 Andrew Jackson (1767-1845). Sesaat setelah terpilih Jackson mengganti semua jabatan birokrasi dengan orang-orang dari partainya. Kondisi ini menyebabkan birokrasi tidak netral yang berpotensi menyebabkan salah urus negara (Thoha, 2006: 85). Artikel ini membahas mengenai etika dan akuntabilitas sektor publik.
Kata kunci: Akuntabilitas, Birokrasi, Etika 
Forum Konsultasi Publik : Aktivis Masyarakat Sipil atau Klient Penguasa
Authors: Wahyunengseh Rutiana Dwi
Published: April 2021

Forum Konsultasi Publik adalah bagian dari Musrenbang (Konsultasi Masyarakat Tahunan tentang Perencanaan Pembangunan) yang diintervensi sebagai bagian dari fase siklus perencanaan penganggaran daerah. Prosesnya dirancang untuk berorientasi pada pengambilan keputusan perencanaan pembangunan dengan format yang demokratis dan partisipatif. Dilihat dari dimensi akuntabilitas sosial, apakah mereka yang terlibat benar-benar anggota aktif atau klien? Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis fenomena perangkap "klien-komunitas aktif", karena perannya penting untuk kualitas dan output prosesnya. Hasil beberapa studi kasus di Kota Surakarta dan Magelang menunjukkan bahwa konsep komunitas aktif memiliki makna yang berbeda dilihat dari forum dan konteks fungsi akuntabilitas sosial. Pemerintah mengundang para peserta yang dianggap aktif berdasarkan penilaian birokrat. Atas nama forum yang lebih efisien, ada kooperasi forum melalui instruksi teknis pada organisasi forum. Akibatnya, pada dasarnya konsultasi publik membuat dialog semu untuk membuat keputusan secara akuntabel. Itu karena peserta aktif yang terlibat sebenarnya adalah klien yang dikooptasi sesuai dengan prosedur pemerintah.
 Kesimpulannya adalah bahwa
lingkungan budaya formalitas birokrat dan kebiasaan komodifikasi dalam
masyarakat menghasilkan patologi yang mengaburkan makna "komunitas
aktif" terhadap "klien aktif".
Pengaruh Budaya Kerja Pengemudi Angkutan Umum Kota Terhadap Kepuasan Penumpang di Kota Padang
Authors: Kasandra Digna , Frinaldi Aldri , Lanin Dasman
Published: April 2021

Keluhan yang lazim diungkapkan oleh masyarakat pengguna layanan angkutan kota berkaitan dengan budaya kerja pengemudi angkutan kota antara lain pengemudi angkutan kota yang mengambil dan menurunkan penumpang di luar pangkalan dan suka ngetem, memutar musik dengan volume tinggi, ugal-ugalan dan  mengemudikan angkutan kota dengan kecepatan tinggi dan kebut-kebutan di jalan raya dan rem mendadak jika melihat ada calon penumpang di pinggir jalan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh budaya kerja pengemudi angkutan kota terhadap kepuasan penumpang di Kota Padang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif deskriptif. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 400 penumpang angkutan kota di Kota Padang. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan rumus slovin dan teknik Simple Random Sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan angket dengan pengukuran skala likert dan wawancara. Data dianalisis menggunakan teknik analisis uji regresi linier sederhana. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terbukti adanya pengaruh yang signifikan budaya kerja pengemudi angkutan kota terhadap kepuasan penumpang di Kota Padang sebesar 19,1%. Berdasarkan hasil ini perlu upaya pemerintah kota Padang merumuskan suatu bimbingan teknis kepada para pengemudi angkutan kota tentang nilai-nilai budaya kerja yang dapat meningkatkan kepuasan penumpang.
Keywords: Budaya Kerja; Kepuasan Penumpang ; Angkutan Kota
Lorong Panjang Pelaksanaan Good Governance di Daerah
Authors: Haboddin Muhtar , Rozuli Ahmad Imron
Published: April 2021

Artikel ini bertujuan mengungkap pelaksanaan good governance di daerah. Dalam praktiknya, good governance tidak mudah dilaksanakan. Memang, ada daerah yang berhasil. Namun, ada pula yang gagal. Ironisnya adalah kepada daerah yang terdepan menerapkan good governance, diujung akhir masa jabatan malah terlilit dalam kasus korupsi. Tidak hanya itu, tantangan terberat dari pelaksanaan good governance di daerah dalam adalah jaminan keberlanjutan dan komitmen politik yang rendah. Akibatnya, terkadang penerapan good governance ini terpinggirkan karena ganti pemimpin dengan agenda yang sama sekali berbeda dengan pendahulunya. Bisa juga karena alasan politis, yakni good governance tidak memberikan keuntungan secara personal bagi kepala daerah.

Kata kunci: good governance dan pemerintah daerah
SOSIALISASI PROGRAM JAMINAN KESEHATAN NASIONAL (JKN) DALAM MENINGKATKAN PARTISIPASI KEPESERTAAN MANDIRI BPJS KESEHATAN DI DESA SUNGAI BELIDAK KECAMATAN SUNGAI KAKAP KABUPATEN KUBU RAYA
Authors: Maryuni Sri , Eka Agus , - Pardi
Published: April 2021

Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial (BPJS) Kesehatan merupakan sebuah badan yang dibentuk oleh pemerintah untuk melaksanakan Program Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional. Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) yang dikembangkan di Indonesia merupakan bagian dari Sistem Jaminan Sosial Nasional (SJSN). Tujuannya adalah agar semua penduduk Indonesia terlindungi dalam sistem asuransi, sehingga terpenuhinya kebutuhan dasar kesehatan yang layak. Konsep yang digunakan oleh BPJS Kesehatan dalam memenuhi kebutuhan dasar kesehatan masyarakat dengan menggunakan sistem gotong-royong. Dalam SJSN, prinsip gotong  royong berarti peserta yang mampu membantu peserta yang kurang mampu, peserta yang sehat membantu yang sakit atau yang berisiko tinggi, dan peserta yang sehat membantu yang sakit. Dalam kegiatan inilah, peneliti berusaha untuk memperkenalkan BPJS Kesehatan beserta program JKN-KIS kepada masyarakat, khususnya masyarakat Desa Sungai Belidak Kecamatan Sungai Kakap Kabupaten Kubu Raya untuk menjelaskan tentang manfaat dan pentingnya menjadi peserta JKN-KIS. Metode yang digunakan dalam pelaksanaan kegiatan PKM ini adalah dengan melakukan survei lapangan dan sosialisasi. Berdasarkan hasil dari kegiatan ini ditemukan fakta bahwa sebelum sosialisasi dilakukan, masih banyaknya masyarakat yang memiliki pengetahuan dan kesadaran yang masih terbatas terhadap pentingnya menjadi kepesertaan JKN-KIS.
TINJAUAN DYNAMIC GOVERNANCE DALAM MENDUKUNG PENGEMBANGAN PERKAMPUNGAN BUDAYA BETAWI (PBB) SETU BABAKAN MENUJU WISATA HALAL
Authors: Hidayat Hisyam Yusril , Febriani Dyah Ayu , Ravanelli Davis Malchiel
Published: April 2021

PBB Setu Babakan Betawi sebagai daerah pengembangan budaya betawi terakhir Provinsi DKI Jakarta masih menghadapi berbagai masalah dalam menyediakan fasilitas & infrastruktur dan mengelola pembangunan ekonomi bagi penduduk setempat. Peraturan saat ini tentang Implementasi Bisnis Pariwisata menjadi dasar pengembangan pariwisata di PBB Setu Babakan sebagai objek wisata halal pertama di Provinsi DKI Jakarta. Indonesia memiliki potensi besar untuk pariwisata halal, terutama provinsi DKI Jakarta yang satu dari sepuluh provinsi akan ditargetkan sebagai tempat wisata halal di Indonesia. Pengembangan pariwisata juga diarahkan menuju pariwisata halal berdasarkan kearifan lokal yang akan berdampak pada peningkatan ekonomi masyarakat sekitar. Hal ini dapat didukung oleh kemampuan dinamis dari para pemangku kepentingan untuk mengadaptasi perubahan lingkungan dan memiliki orientasi berkelanjutan dalam mengatasi berbagai masalah. Kemampuan dinamis adalah salah satu elemen tata kelola dinamis yang mencakup proses thinking again, thinking process, dan thinking across. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis prospek implementasi tata pemerintahan yang dinamis dalam hal pembangunan PBB Setu Babakan sebagai wisata halal berbasis kearifan lokal. Penelitian ini dikategorikan sebagai deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasilnya menunjukan bahwa dynamic capabilities membantu dalam proses pengembangan wisata halal di PBB Setu Babakan.
Implikasi Kewenangan Kecamatan dalam Penyelenggaraan Urusan Pemerintahan Umum (Studi Kasus Di Kecamatan Pandeglang Kabupaten Pandeglang)
Authors: Nugroho Arif
Published: April 2021

Penelitian ini membahas tentang implikasi kewenangan kecamatan dalam penyelenggaraan urusan pemerintahan umum. Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara, dokumentasi dan telaah literatur dengan menggunakan teknik penentuan informan yaitu purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa dalam penyelenggaraan pemerintahan umum kecamatan belum cukup tertopang oleh elemen necessary condition diantaranya kepastian atas kewenangan legalnya serta Anggaran. Maka dari pada itu perlu mendorong stakeholder kebijakan untuk menetapkan regulasi yang dapat memberikan optimalisasi pada implikasi kewenangan kecamatan dalam penyelenggaraan pemerintahan umum di Kecamatan Pandeglang Kabupaten Pandeglang.

 

Kata Kunci : Pemerintahan Umum, decentralization within cities

 
Finite Element Analysis of the Parthenon marble block- steel clamp system response under acceleration
Authors: Vangelatos Zacharias , Delagrammatikas Michail , Papadopoulou Olga , Titakis Charalampos , Vassiliou Panayota
Published: April 2021

Finite element analysis is employed to investigate the mechanical behaviour and failure scenarios of the marble block–steel clamp ancient masonry system utilised in the Parthenon (Athens Acropolis) under static loading analysis. The input data for the model are acquired by the laboratory testing of early 20th century restoration steel clamps, such as through tensile strength measurements and metallography, as well as bibliographic sources from various scientific fields (i.e. material properties, archaeometry, restoration, structural engineering and geology). Two different embedding materials (Portland cement mortar and lead), used for the nesting of the clamps, are examined under bending or stretching, induced by acceleration forces. The conservation status of the materials is taken into account by employing an intrinsic stress, as is the case when corrosion products build up in a confined space. The aim of this work is to provide a tool for the assessment of the conservation potential of the marble blocks in parts of the monument that require specific attention. Simulation results indicate the resilience of the Parthenon’s structural system under most examined scenarios and highlight the importance of intrinsic stresses, the existence of which may lead to the fracture of the marble blocks under otherwise harmless loading conditions.
Historic landscape inventory for Knoxville National Cemetery
Authors: Enscore Susan , Smith Adam , Tooker Megan
Published: April 2021

This project was undertaken to provide the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs National Cemetery Administration with a cultural landscape survey of Knoxville National Cemetery. The 9.8-acre cemetery is located within the city limits of Knoxville, Tennessee, and contains more than 9,000 buri-als. Knoxville National Cemetery was placed on the National Register of Historic Places on 12 September 1996, as part of a multiple-property submission for Civil War Era National Cemeteries. The National Cemetery Administration tasked the U.S. Army Engineer Re-search and Development Center-Construction Engineering Research Laboratory (ERDC-CERL) to inventory and assess the cultural landscape at Knoxville National Cemetery through creation of a landscape development context, a description of current conditions, and an analysis of changes over time to the cultural landscape. All landscape features were included in the survey because according to federal policy on National Cemeteries, all national cemetery landscape features are considered to be contributing elements.
Avaliação do Controle Interno e Tamanho dos Órgãos sob Jurisdição do Tribunal de Contas do Ceará (TCE/CE)
Authors: José Bezerra de Carvalho Ferreira Glinton , Cavalcante dos Santos José Glauber , Vasconcelos Alessandra Carvalho de
Published: April 2021

O trabalho analisa a relação entre a avaliação do controle interno e o tamanho dos órgãos jurisdicionados do Tribunal de Contas do Ceará (TCE/CE). O estudo analisa 57 entidades e utiliza dados de 2016. A avaliação do controle interno foi feita por meio dos formulários que constam na Instrução Normativa TCE/CE nº 03/2015, baseada no framework do COSO. A variável contingencial tamanho dos órgãos foi mensurada através do orçamento e despesa empenhada e do número de funcionários totais e ativos. A Análise Fatorial extraiu 6 componentes do controle interno, diferente do que estabelece a norma. Esses fatores explicam aproximadamente 70% da variância do controle interno dos órgãos, sendo o fator “Atuação e responsabilidades da alta gestão” o mais relevante. Há relação, em diferentes níveis da interação, entre controle interno e tamanho organizacional, não convergindo integralmente aos pressupostos da teoria contingencial, instigando a realização novos estudos na administração pública.
Associations of residential greenness with hypertension and blood pressure in a Chinese rural population: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Jiang Jie , Chen Gongbo , Li Baojing , Li Na , Liu Feifei , Lu Yuanan , Guo Yuming , Li Shanshan , Chen Lifeng , Xiang Hao
Published: April 2021

Background: Limited epidemiological literature identified the associations between residential greenness and hypertension in low/middle-income countries.Methods: A random sampling strategy was adopted to recruit 39 259 residents, ≥ 18 years, and from 5 counties in central China. Blood pressure was measured based on the protocol of the American Heart Association. Hypertension was defined according to the 2010 Chinese guidelines for the management of hypertension. The satellite-derived Normalized Diﬀerence Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) were applied to estimate the residential greenness. Mixed logit model and mixed linear model were utilized to explore the relationships of residential greenness with hypertension and blood pressure.Results: High residential greenness was associated with lower odds of hypertension and blood pressure levels. For instance, an interquartile range (IQR) increase in NDVI500m was linked with lower odds of hypertension (OR = 0.92, 95%CI 0.88 to 0.95), a decrease of -0.88 mm Hg (95%CI -1.17 to -0.58) and -0.64 mm Hg (95%CI -0.82 to -0.46) in SBP and DBP, respectively. The effect of residential greenness was more pronounced in males, smokers, and drinkers.Conclusions: Long-term exposure to residential greenness may reduce the risk of hypertension. More prospective studies are needed to verify the hypothesis.
Extracellular vesicle formation mediated by local phosphatidylserine exposure promotes efficient cell extrusion
Authors: Kira Akihito , Murata Machiko , Saito Keisuke , Tatsutomi Ichiko , Hattori Izumi , Kajita Haruna , Muraki Naoko , Oda Yukako , Satoh Saya , Tsukamoto Yuta , Kimura Seisuke , Kato Hiroki , Kawane Kohki
Published: April 2021

Numerous unwanted cells are removed from epithelial and endothelial tissues—in which cells are tightly connected to one another—without disturbing tissue integrity and homeostasis. Cell extrusion is a unique mode of cell removal from tissues, and it plays an important role in regulating cell numbers and the eliminating unwanted cells, such as apoptotic cells, cancer cells, and cells with a lower fitness in cell competition . During this process, cells delaminate from the cell layer, to which they initially used to adhere, through communication with the neighboring cells. Defects in cell extrusion are believed to associate with inflammation and cancer in epithelium as well as blood vessel dysfunction. However, the correlation between them has not yet been evaluated owing to a lack of knowledge of the underlying mechanisms. In particular, the process whereby the cell exit from the tissue remains to be elucidated. Here, we report a novel and conserved execution mechanism of cell extrusion—common to mammalian cells and Drosophila epithelia—i.e., spatiotemporally regulated extracellular vesicle formation in extruding cells at a site opposite to the direction of extrusion. Particularly, we found that a lipid-scramblase‒mediated local exposure of phosphatidylserine is responsible for extracellular vesicle formation and is crucial for the execution of cell extrusion, and inhibition of this process disrupted prompt cell delamination as well as tissue homeostasis. Furthermore, we revealed the mechanism underlying vesicle formation. Importantly, our results reveal that membrane dynamics is the driving force by a “rocket launch”-like mechanism behind the extrusion of cells from tissues, a fundamental cell behavior in multicellular organisms that is also observed in other contexts including cancer cell invasion and neural cell differentiation. Our understanding of this new mechanism of cell extrusion enables us to examine the relationship between cell extrusion abnormalities and the onset of various diseases.
Determination of in Vivo Biological Activities of Dodonaea Viscosa Flowers Against CCL4 Toxicity in Albino Mice With Bioactive Compound Detection
Authors: Gul Hina , Awais Muhammad , Saddick Salina , Khan Falak Sher , Gulfraz Muhammad , Nazir Khizar , Khan Sami Ullah , Khan M. Ijaz
Published: April 2021

Dodonaea viscosa L. Jacq. is an evergreen shrub and native to Asia, Africa and Australia. It has been used as traditional medicine in different countries. The foremost objective of the current study was to discover protective potential of D. Viscosa flowers Methanol (DVM) and Chloroform (DVC) extracts against CCL4 induced toxicity in mice. This study was intended to identify phytochemicals through HPLC, GCMS and FT-IR as well as in vitro antioxidant and in vitro antituberculosis activity. Our comprehensive findings indicate that Dodonaea viscosa is valuable and widespread herbal medicines through therapeutic potentials for curing various ailments. Dodonaea viscosa flowers are found to have protective effect against oxidative stress produced by CCL4 in liver, kidney and spleen. The level of hepatic enzymes (ALP, AST ALT and Direct bilirubin), hematological parameters (RBCs, WBCs and Platelets), total protein and liver antioxidant enzymes (SOD, GPx and CAT) were restored by the intake of DV extracts after decline in levels by CCL4. Histopathological results discovered the defensive effect of 300mg/kg of DVM extract against CCL4 induced damage, thus having improved protective effect as compared to DVC and control. As a result of analysis total flavonoids and total phenolics were also revealed. Phytochemical investigation by HPLC identified gallic acid, epicatechin, cumeric acid, flavonoids while Oleic acid (Octadecenoic acid) (C18H34O2), Stearic acid (C18H36O2), Ricinoleic acid (C18H34O3) and Cedrol (C15H26O) was estimated by GCMS. DVM extract exhibited resistance against in vitro Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains. This study proposed that protective effect of DV against oxidative damage induced in Liver, Kidney and Spleen can possibly be correlated to their antioxidant as well as free radical scavenging property.
A Comparative Study of Spiritual Needs of Thai Terminal Ill Cancer Patients
Authors: Wisesrith Wasinee , Sukcharoen Pilaiporn , Sripink Kanittha
Published: April 2021

Purpose Thai terminal ill cancer patients have spiritual distress and need spiritual care. They are in need of palliative care in the long term to alleviate suffering, achieve good spirituality, and to be ready to face with terminal ill conditions. This study aimed to investigate spiritual needs and compare differences in spiritual needs. Methods A quantitative design was used for data collection and data analysis. The participants were Thai terminal ill cancer patients from Thai seven hospitals in northern, northeast, central, and southern regions; 322 participants were purposively selected. Instruments used was a spiritual needs scale. The instrument’s validity was validated by 17 experts, a Delphi technique was performed, the Cronbach’s alpha of 0.89 was found. Statistical analysis was F-test for one-way analysis of variance. Results The overall spiritual needs of terminal ill cancer patients were at the moderate level. The highest mean was found in the ‘prepare for death’ dimension, followed by ‘have meaning, values, and life purposes’ and ‘have opportunity to pursue most important things in life’ dimensions consecutively and had different spiritual needs among status, number of family members, living with family, and spiritual anchor at the statistical significance level of .05. Conclusion: The study results provide insight into spiritual needs of terminal ill cancer patients. That assists in improving the provision of holistic care to let the patients be happy at end-of-life phase.
De novo Transcriptome and tissue specific expression analysis of gene associated with biosynthesis of medicinally active metabolites in a high valued medicinal plant Operculina turpethum (L.)
Authors: Biswal Bhagyashree , Jena Biswajit , Giri Alok Kumar , Acharya Laxmikanta
Published: April 2021

Operculina turpethum (L.) Silva Manso (Nisoth), an important medicinal plant whose root and stem tissues are found to be key ingredient in more than 135 herbal formulation in both Unani and Ayurvedic medicine system and is used for the treatment of various health disorders. It has a very high demand in the Indian Pharmaceutical industry with an annual average consumption of about 660 metric tonne (dry weight). The plant because of its wide usability is also exported to countries like Sri Lanka, Singapore, Netherlands, Japan, United States, etc. leading to a total export value of approximately 2.4 million USD. Terpenoids, steroid glycosides, resin glycosides, dammarane type triterpenoid saponins, flavonoids, coumarins are the major bioactive principles present in O. turpethum. However, overexploitation of root/root bark over the other part of the plant has caused depletion of its germplasm resources from the wild while bringing it to Near Threatened category which subsequently lead to unavailability of the requisite plant material followed by adulteration. Additionally, the limited genomics and transcriptomic resource is a major hindrance in the genetic and molecular research including elucidation of biosynthetic pathway, identification of enhanced traits and proper authentication and genetic diversity study of the plant. Hence, de novo transcriptome sequencing of root and stem tissues of O. turpethum was performed using Illumina HiSeq platform which generated a total of 64259 unigenes and 20870 CDS (coding sequence) with a mean length of 449bp and 571bp respectively. Further, 20218 and 16458 unigenes showed significant similarity with the identified proteins of NR(non-redundant) and Uniprot database respectively. The homology search carried out against publicly available database found the best match with Ipomoea nil sequences (82.6%). The KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) pathway analysis identified 6538 unigenes functionally assigned to 378 modules with phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway as the most enriched among the secondary metabolite biosynthesis pathway followed by terpenoid biosynthesis. Moreover, transcription factors, SSRs (Simple sequence repeats) and SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphism) were also identified in this study. Apparently, the present investigation reported the first ever transcriptome analysis of the root and stem tissues of the non-model plant O. turpethum of family Convolvulaceae, which will provide a baseline for further molecular research.
Clinical Impact of PD-L1 Expression in Triple Negative Breast Cancer Patients With Residual Tumor Burden After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy
Authors: Oner Gizem , Onder Semen , Karatay Hüseyin , Ak Naziye , Tukenmez Mustafa , Muslumanoglu Mahmut , Igci Abdullah , Dinccag Ahmet , Ozmen Vahit , Aydiner Adnan , Yavuz Ekrem , Cabioglu Neslihan
Published: April 2021

Background: Studies on PD-L1 expression in breast cancer have gained importance in recent years, especially in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). Our aim was to analyse the differential expression of PD-L1 to explore its correlation with response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) and patient survival. Methods: PD-L1 expression was evaluated immunohistochemically (Ventana SP263 clone kit) by staining tumor specimen. PD-L1 positivity was defined as membranous staining >1%, >5%, >10% and >20% on either tumor cell (TC) and /or immune cell (IC). Results: Fifty patients with locally advanced TNBC, who had a partial response to NACT, were included in the study. Twenty-nine patients (58%) were detected to be positive for PD-L1 on both TCs and ICs, whereas 25 patients (50%) were positive for TC PD-L1 expression, and PD-L1 on ICs was detected (44%) in 23 patients. Patients with PD-L1 positivity on ICs were more likely to respond to chemotherapy as measured by “MD Anderson Cancer Center Residual Cancer Burden Index” (14/22, 63.6%, versus 10/27, 37%, p = 0.064). The 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) and disease-specific survival (DSS) rates were 46.3% and 51.4%, respectively. A high (>20%) tumoral PD-L1 positivity was associated with a better DFS and DSS. Conclusions: Our results suggest that patients with a high TC PD-L1 expression were more likely to have a better outcome. Since patients with residual TCs expressing PD-L1 on TILs were more likely to respond to NACT, an immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy in addition to NACT would be an important option for TNBC with locally advanced disease.
Treatment of Alectinib in NSCLC with Brain Metastasis Patient Refractory to Radiotherapy after Resistance to Crizotinib: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: ZHOU YUAN , Zeng Xianliang , Sun Songwei , Chen Xiuli , Huang Shuang , Zhang Chunzhi
Published: April 2021

Background: Brain metastasis is the common place of tumor recurrence after resistance to crizotinib. The therapeutic modes on brain metastasis of ALK-positive NSCLC require multidisciplinary approach, including target therapy, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Until to nowadays, there isn`t optimal therapeutic recommendations for these patients. Radiotherapy is the vital treatment for brain metastasis.Case presentation: We reported one ALK-positive NSCLC patient with brain metastasis after crizotinib. ALK rearrangement wasn`t found in blood sample of the patient by NGS. According to NCCN guideline, we gave the patient whole brain radiotherapy. It was unexpected that the number of brain metastasis increased after whole brain radiotherapy. After that, the patient was empirically used alectinib after radiotherapy failure. It achieved unexpected success in our patient. Conclusions: We got some enlightenment form the patient. Firstly, liquid biopsy is complementary to tissue biopsy in NSCLC, mainly in EGFR mutation. However, ALK detection should use tissue biopsy as much as possible. Secondly, we suggest the brain metastasis patient of NSCLC use the second generation TKI, such as alectinib, ceritinib, after resistance to crizotinib whether ALKr is positive or negative in liquid biopsy. Lastly, we believe that combined radiotherapy with TKIs is an optimal mode in the BM patient of NSCLC after resistance to crizotinib.
Highly durable electrocatalyst with low-loading platinum-cobalt nanoparticles dispersed over single-atom Co-N-Graphene nanofiber for efficient fuel cell
Authors: Chong Lina , Wen Jianguo , Yang Zhenzhen , Lin Yulin , Bloom Ira , Abraham Daniel
Published: April 2021

Development of highly-active, durable and cost-effective oxygen reduction electrocatalyst for proton exchange membrane fuel cell is crucial and greatly desired to enable fuel cell powered vehicles that are competitive with internal combustion engine automobiles. The support’s structure is known to strongly influence the performance of Pt particles. Here, we present a new catalyst containing PtCo core-shell nanoparticle supported over hierarchical tailored porous carbon nanofibers with densely populated single-atomic Co-Nx sites embedded in N-doped graphene. In a fuel cell with a total Pt loading (anode + cathode) of 0.091 mg cm-2, the new catalyst delivered unprecedented mass activity of 2.28 A mgPt-1 at 0.9 ViR-free, Pt utilization of 11.1 kW gPt-1 at 150 kPaabs, and high durability with 80% retention of initial mass activity after 30,000 accelerated-stress-test cycles, significantly higher than that of the state-of-the-art Pt3Co/C. In-situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy revealed structure reversibility of the catalyst during oxygen reduction reaction and indicated that the enhanced activity can be attributed to simultaneous PtCo and Co-Nx contributions.
A novel application of temporoparietal fasciocutaneus (TPFC) and temporoparietal (TPF) pedicle flap for auricular reconstruction
Authors: Zwierz Aleksander , Masna Krystyna , Burduk Paweł
Published: April 2021

Background: Temporoparietal fasciocutaneus (TPFC) and temporoparietal (TPF) pedicle flaps play an important role among many techniques for auricular reconstruction. Because of their unique characteristics, the flaps based on the superficial temporal artery (STA) may be used for various types of reconstruction.Case series presentation: In this paper, we present several applications of the TPFC and TPF pedicle flaps in the reconstruction of defects after ear resection, including the use of the sandwich flap and preparing basis for Vistafix® system.Conclusion: Our experiences presented in this case series confirm the reconstructive potential of the flaps, also in patients in whom the Vistafix® system was used for reconstruction of the ear. In all cases described herein, the use of the pedicle flaps resulted in optimal healing and satisfactory cosmetic and functional outcomes.
Activity level and patient outcome 1 after liver surgery, a prospective study
Authors: Valdimarsson Valentinus , Holka Peter , Radberg John , Mania Jonathan , Sturesson Christian
Published: April 2021

Background: Perioperative measurement to enhance recovery after surgery has been introduced as a prognostic factor. The effect of surgery on activity level during and after hospital discharge has been relatively under-explored. The present study aims to measure perioperative activity for patients undergoing liver surgery as a benchmark for further interventional studies on the relationship between postoperative mobilization and outcome. Methods: In this prospective cohort study we measured activity levels for patients selected for liver surgery at a single liver surgical center. The activity level was measured before, during hospital admission, and after discharge with patients wearing pedometers. Clinical parameters and outcomes were documented. Results: Thirty-three patients were included. Median activity level was 4303 (2381- 6912), 293 (170-665), and 1250 (613-3300) steps per day preoperatively, perioperatively, and postoperatively after discharge, respectively. The activity level decreased to 38 (22-62) % after discharge compared to preoperative levels. Conclusion: This study quantified the decrease in activity level after liver surgery. Future studies could further evaluate the intervention effect of perioperative care on postoperative outcome measures.
Targeting CDK4 overcomes EMT-mediated tumor heterogeneity and therapeutic resistance in KRAS mutant lung cancer
Authors: Padhye Aparna , Konen Jessica , Rodriguez B. Leticia , Fradette Jared , Ochieng Joshua , Diao Lixia , Wang Jing , Lu Wei , Solis Luisa , Batra Harsh , Raso Maria Gabriela , Peoples Michael , Minelli Rosalba , Carugo Alessandro , Bristoe Christopher , Gibbons Don
Published: April 2021

Lack of sustained response to therapeutic agents in patients with K-Ras mutant lung cancer poses a major challenge and arises partly due to intratumor heterogeneity that defines phenotypically distinct tumor subpopulations. To attain better therapeutic outcomes it is important to understand the differential therapeutic sensitivities of tumor cell subsets. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a biologic phenomenon that can alter the phenotypic state and cause transcriptional rewiring to produce distinct tumor cell populations. We utilized functional shRNA screens, in vitro and in vivo models to identify and confirm an increased dependence of mesenchymal tumor cells on CDK4 for survival, as well as a mechanism of resistance to MEK inhibitors. High ZEB1 levels in mesenchymal tumor cells repressed p21, leading to perturbed CDK4 pathway activity. Increased dependence on CDK4 rendered mesenchymal cancer cells particularly vulnerable to selective CDK4 inhibitors. Co-administration of CDK4 and MEK inhibitors in heterogeneous tumors effectively targeted different tumor subpopulations, subverting the resistance to either single agent treatment.
The effect of carbon nanotube amount in machining of ZA-27 matrix carbon nanotube reinforced nano composite
Authors: Pul Muharrem
Published: April 2021

In this study, the effect of carbon nanotube (CNT) on the machining of CNT-reinforced ZA-27 (zinc-aluminum alloy) nano composite was investigated. For this purpose, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, 3.0% CNT-reinforced ZA-27 based composites were produced by powder metallurgy method. Firstly, microscope images of the composites were taken, and hardness and density measurements were made. Then machining tests were carried out. Machinability tests were carried out by turning method to determine the cutting forces and surface roughness values. The tests were carried out with cemented carbide cutting tools under dry cutting conditions. Cutting speeds of 75, 125, 175, 225 m/min, feed values of 0.05, 0.10, 0.20 mm/rev ​​and constant cutting depth of 1.0 mm were chosen as test parameters. The data obtained as a result of the tests were interpreted together with microstructure, porosity and hardness values. Hardness values ​​decreased and the pore amounts increased with the increase in the CNT-reinforcement ratio within the composite structure.Cutting forces and the surface roughness amounts increased with the increase in feed value. Cutting forces and surface roughness values decreased together with increase in cutting speed. CNT-reinforcement material in the composite structure caused a decrease in cutting forces. However, surface roughness values showed ​​an increase with the increase of CNT-reinforcement ratio. It has been determined that CNT-reinforcement material facilitates machining by lubricating effect in dry machining conditions. Built-up edge (BUE) was observed on all cutting tool bits used in machining tests. BUE amounts increased in itself with the increase in CNT ratios and feed rates.
Endoscopic versus surgical therapy for early esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma based on lymph node metastasis risk：a population-based analysis
Authors: Ye Hua , Chen Ping , Wang yi-fan , Cai Xiu-Jun
Published: April 2021

Background

In this study, we aimed to compare the prognosis and lymph node metastasis (LNM) risk in patients with early-stage esophagogastric junction (EGJ) adenocarcinoma after endoscopic treatment (ET) or radical surgery.
Methods

We collected data from eligible patients based on Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database between 2004 and 2016. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine independent predictors of LNM (examination of at least 16 lymph nodes). Cox regression analysis and propensity score-matched (PSM) analysis were subsequently utilized to compare overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) of patients treated with ET or radical surgery .
Results

In total, 5266 patients were identified. Among them, 856 patients had greater than or equal to 16 examined lymph nodes (LNs) (LNE ≥ 16). The LNM rates were 18.8% in: all patients 8.3% in T1a patients and 24.6% in T1b patients. Independent predictors of LNM were submucosal invasion, tumor size ≥ 3cm and decreasing differentiation (P < 0.05). The LNM rate decreased to approximately 5.3% in T1b tumors with well differentiation and tumor size < 3cm. However, the LNM incidence increased to 17.9% or 33.3% in T1a tumors with poor differentiation or with both tumor size ≥ 3cm and poor differentiation. Cox regression analysis demonstrated CSS was not significantly different in early-stage EGJ adenocarcinoma patients undergoing ET and those treated with radical surgery (HR = 0.830, P = 0.062), which were robustly validated after PSM analysis. Moreover, subgroup analysis stratified by T1a and T1b showed similar results.
Conclusions

Consequently, our findings indicated ET as an alternative to radical surgery in early EGJ adenocarcinoma.