bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
High Temperature Fatigue of SPF Die Ni-Cr-Fe Heat Resistant Nickel-Chromium Cast Steels
Authors: Velay Vincent , Bernhart Gérard , Martinier A. , Moraux Jean Yves
Published: February 2012

Superplastic forming of titanium alloy sheets requests long time operating conditions in the range of 900-950°C. Moreover, in a classical press-furnace process environment, die surface temperature drops during sheet unloading and induces high temperature thermo-mechanical fatigue. In order to withstand such extreme conditions in oxidative atmosphere, cast heat resistant nickel chromium steel grades have been developed. The high chromium content (close to 25%) aims to protect against the oxidizing environment, whereas the nickel content is selected with respect to the expected in service loads. The 50% nickel grades are in general used for heating plates, huge casings and cover-plates; whereas 40% nickel grades are selected for inserts and medium size self-standing dies. Cost considerations (Nickel and machining) are also taken into account by the end users for making their choice. An extensive testing program has been performed, in the range of 20 to 950°C, to understand the high temperature fatigue behaviour of these grades and to identify material behaviour models for simulation purposes. This paper presents the major results of these research works and highlights the impact of the nickel content in terms of stress level and life time. Nevertheless, when looking on behaviour, test results show that a unified elasto-visco-plastic cyclic behaviour model is well suited for thermo-mechanical cyclic modelling whatever the grade is. Isothermal identification strategy and out of phase SPF die representative anisothermal fatigue validation are presented.
Synthesis and Characterization of Nanocrystalline Anatase by Microwave Hydrothermal Method
Authors: Chen Zhi Qin , Chen Xiang Liang , Zhang Shu Juan , Hu Jun Xi , Li Wen Kui
Published: February 2012

Uniform nanocrystalline pure anatase has been synthesized and characterized using tetrabutyl titanate aqueous solution as starting precursors by microwave hydrothermal method. The influences of synthesis conditions (reaction time and temperature) on the formation, crystal phase and crystallite size of TiO2has been investigated. A mixture solution of tetrabutyl titanate and normal butyl alcohol in 1:4 molar ratio is processed in a microwave hydrothermal autoclave at low temperature 120°C for different durations, at 200°C for 20 min to precipitate titania powders, respectively. It was revealed that uniformly dispersed and granulous single phase anatase prepared at 120°C for 180 min with the average particle size of 10 nm was formed by means of XRD and TEM.
Study on the Changes of Land Use in Xinjiang Altay Region in Recent 15 Years
Authors: Han Yang , Li Jiao , Han Xu
Published: February 2012

In this paper, We obtain the data of the temporal and spatial dynamic change of land use of three phrases (the end of 1980’s, the end of 1990’s, 2005), and the distribution of the salinized cultivated land use in 2005 in the area of Aletai by using the methods of remote sensing and geography information systems, and carry on the spatial statistics analysis on the change process which reflects the characters of changes of land use in Aletai. The results are as follows within the 5 years from the end of 1990’s to 2005 in Aletai, the areas of grassland and water were obviously reduced, the area of farmlands was significantly enlarged, On the whole other change degrees are smaller than that from the end of 1980’s to the end of 1990’s.
The Application of XRF in Field Monitoring on Digging Pb-Contaminated Soil
Authors: Sun Xiao Nan , Liu An Ping , Sun Xiao Song
Published: February 2012

In this paper, a portable X-ray fluorescence (XRF) is designed to monitor the digging process of Pb contaminated soil based on contaminated site remediation. This field monitoring method is applied to the project of Pb contaminated restoration site K. A full time program is designed for XRF to monitor the exceeded standard regions of Pb pollution during the digging contaminated soil. The acceptance monitoring results show that the Pb concentration of all original exceeded points are under the limit value 260mg/kg, and reach the requirement of environmental protection. This application results show that the portable XRF was designed effectively in field monitoring on heavy metal such as Pb, which realize the purpose of quickly identification and digging of contaminated soil.
ANN-Based Wheat Chlorophyll Density Estimation Using Canopy Hyperspectral Vegetation Indices
Authors: Wang Da Cheng , Sen Luo Rui , Wang Ji Hua , Li Cun Jun , Zhang Dong Yan , Zhang Yao , Li Yu Fei
Published: February 2012

Canopy leaf Chlorophyll Density is a key index for evaluating crop potential photosynthetic efficiency and nutritional stress. Leaf Chlorophyll Density estimate using canopy hyperspectral vegetation indices provides a rapid and non-destructive method to evaluate yield predictions. A systematic comparison of two approaches to estimate Chlorophyll Density using 6 spectral vegetation indices (VIs) was presented in this study. In this study, the traditional statistical method based on power regression analyses was compared to the emerging computationally powerful techniques based on artificial neural network (ANN). The regression models of TCARI 、SAVI 、MSAVI and RDVIgreen were found to be more suitable for predicting Chlorophyll Density when only traditional statistical method was used especially TCARI and RDVI. ANN method was more appropriate to develop prediction models. The comparisons between these two methods were based on analysis of the statistic parameters. Results obtained using Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) for ANNs were significantly lower than the traditional method. From this analysis it is concluded that the neural network is more robust to train and estimate crop Chlorophyll Density from remote sensing data.
The Discrimination and Disposal of the Cover of Contaminated Sites
Authors: Sun Xiao Nan , Liu An Ping , Sun Xiao Song
Published: February 2012

This paper discussed the discrimination and disposal of pollution in the cover of contaminated sites. A discriminating and disposal solution for the cover of contaminated sites aim at the key situation that there is much pollution risk in the cover of contaminated site as well as the soil owing to industry enterprises’ transfer. Through sampling analysis and comprehensive risk assessment, we obtained the risk of contamination and its distribution in the cover of contaminated sites, then cleaned and transported them according to the risk category. The results of experiments show that this solution can effectively control the contamination risk during the disposal progress, and avoid the metastatic spread of the contaminated soil.
The Structural and Electrical Properties of Ta2O5 Thin Films Prepared by DC Sputtering Method
Authors: Rathee Kanta , Kumar Mukesh , Malik B.P.
Published: February 2012

Recently both, electrical and material properties of tantalum oxide (Ta2O5) have been found to be useful for microelectronics and optoelectronics devices. The need of higher permittivity of dielectric material attracts more attention towards the tantalum oxide thin films. To ensure good electrical performance of the resulting device DC sputtering technique has been used for depositing Ta2O5 films. In the present work, the potential of Ta2O5 thin films as a high K dielectric for CMOS devices has been studied. Physical characteristics of the Ta2O5 dielectrics were investigated with x-ray diffraction and electrical properties were measured by capacitance-voltage (C-V) analysis. The interface state density of 1* 10 11 cm-2 eV-1 have been achieved for 50 nm Ta2O5 film. The calculated value of dielectric constant of as deposited Ta2O5 oxide film was found to be 29. This Ta2O5 dielectric shows promise for future generation of CMOS devices.
3D Visual Technology of Geo-Deformation Disasters Induced by Mining Subsidence Based on ArcGIS Engine
Authors: Yang Ke Ming , Ma Jun Ting , Pang Bo , Wang Yi Bin , Wang Ran , Duan Meng Ting
Published: February 2012

Mining subsidence often produces significant horizontal and vertical movements at the ground surface, the surface deformation induced by underground coal mining can be predicted by probability integral method, and the surface geo-deformation disasters can be visualized based on GIS components. A three dimensional (3D) visualizing system of surface geo-deformation information is designed and developed with ArcGIS Engine and C# in the study. According to the surface deformation-predicted data induced by underground coal mining in Guobei Coalmine of Huaibei mine field, the extents and degrees of ground deformation disasters are visualized in 3D views for surface vertical subsidence, slope, curvature, horizontal displacement and horizontal strain based on the GIS-developed application platform.
2-D Spectrum Imaging Algorithm for Hybrid Spaceborne-Airborne Bistatic SAR Based on Space and Time Domain Expansion
Authors: Ye Wei , Zhang Xiao Ling , Yang Yue
Published: February 2012

In this paper, a new 2-D spectrum focusing algorithm for hybrid spaceborne-airborne bistatic SAR based on space and time domain expansion is proposed. In order to obtain 2-D spectrum, the most of frequency domain algorithm is based on expanding the range history in time domain, but this method can’t represent the spatial characters of scatterer directly; on the other hand, the expansion of range history in space domain doesn’t good to get 2-D spectrum by the principle of stationary phase (PSP). Comparing with traditional algorithm, the algorithm proposed in this paper integrates methods of space and time domain expansion. This mixed-method has advantages that will both represent the spatial character of scatterer directly and get 2-D spectrum by PSP conveniently. It is very beneficial to theoretical analysis and spatial character study of bistatic SAR which has spatial variant characteristic. The validity of algorithm is confirmed through the simulated results.
Oil Spill in SAR Image Denoising Method Based on Contourlet HMT
Authors: Liu Kun , Wang Xiao Feng
Published: February 2012

Contourlet domain hidden markov trees model was introduced in the SAR image denosing research work. Compared to the classical denosing method, the denoised SAR image can preserve information of oil spill and advantages for following up work. According to the gray level, this method segmented the SAR image to region of oil spill and ocean. Then using the method of Contourlet domain hidden markov trees model denoised the different regions. Experimental results show that the method represents better performance in speckle reduction and edges information detection.
Simulation Research about HJ-1C SAR Wind Mapping Capability
Authors: Chen Feng Feng , Huang Wei Gen , Yang Jing Song
Published: February 2012

Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) on aboard Chinese Huan Jing (HJ)-1C satellite has been planed to be launched in 2010. The satellite will fly in a sun-synchronous polar orbit of about 500-km altitude. SAR will operate in S band with HH polarization. Its image mode has the incidence angles 25°and 47°at the near and far sides of the swath respectively. SAR image has a spatial resolution of 20 m with a swath of 100 km. Here, the sea surface wind mapping capability of the SAR in the Chinese Coastal Region has been examined using M4S radar imaging model developed by Romeiser et al. The model is based on Bragg scattering theory in a composite surface model expansion. It accounts for contributions of the full ocean wave spectrum to the radar backscatter from ocean surface. The model reproduces absolute normalized radar cross section (NRCS) values for wide ranges of wind speeds. The model results of HJ-1C SAR have been compared with the model results of Envisat and Radarsat SAR signals. It shows that HJ-1C SAR is as good as both Envisat ASAR and Radarsat SAR at sea surface wind mapping Capability.
Method of Remote Sensing Image Fine Classification Based on Geometric Features and SVM
Authors: Zhou Xiao Dong , Yang Chun Cheng , Meng Ni Na
Published: February 2012

In order to overcome the phenomenon of foreign bodies in the same spectrum in remote sensing images, as needs of land-use surveys, traditional methods often can’t get good results. In this paper, an efficient method for dividing the classifying results of traditional methods into further items is proposed and studied. Our approach to remote sensing image fine classification is based on both geometric features and SVM. By making full use of geometric features in the structure of property characteristics, we produce rules of the morphological characteristics and distribution. With deductive reasoning, we further classify the classifying results of SVM classifier. Tests showed that the method can be better broken down into the waters of rivers, lakes, reservoirs and ponds.
Research on Improving the Accuracy of Positioning Data Obtained by GPS Module
Authors: Yuan De Bao , Cui Xi Min , Wang Guo , Jin Jing Jing , Xue Wei
Published: February 2012

With the development of social and economic, for all walks of life, needs for geospatial information have been growing more and more rapidly, GIS\GPS technology have already deeply penetrated into the areas of land resources, logistics and urban management. Therefore, research on improving the accuracy of positioning data, which is obtained by GPS module that is relatively cheaper than measurement type GPS,to make Low-cost products acquiring position information as precise as possible, have high practical value to meet the demands of Low-precision navigation and agricultural Survey.
Band Selection for Forest Stock Volume Estimation in Southern China
Authors: Song Chen Xi , Xia Zhong Sheng , Shao Yun , Zhang Feng Li , Li Kun , Wan Zi
Published: February 2012

When forest stock volume is quantitative estimated using SPOT-5, QuickBird and ALOS optical data with linear regression model, the optimal ratio of remote sensing band is chosen from the above three types of optical remote sensing data respectively, which is a significant part. In this study, the experiments are taken in Zhazuo Forest of Xiuwen County of Guizhou Province. Comprehensive utilization of the three optical data, the selected ratio of band is confirmed according with characteristics of the forest region. Optimization of the ratio of band remote sensing method used is the criteria of mean residual sum of square called RMSq. In this paper the multicollinearity which commonly exsits between ratio of the original band is analyzed and studied to get rid of its unfavorable influence in this paper. By means of the criteria of mean residual sum of square, the ratio of remote sensing band which determines the impact of forest stock volume estimation is confirmed finally. Conclusions are as follows: Compared with the selected band, multiple-correlation has been greatly reduced. The optimal ratio of remote sensing band such as SP4, SP2-3/2+3, SP 1-4/1+4, SP1*3/2 has an important role on the interpretation of forest stock volume estimation.
Research on the Three-Dimensional Geological Modeling Based on Subdivision Surface Modeling Technology
Authors: Chen Long Quan , Liu Deer
Published: February 2012

Ased on the analysis that the application of the subdivision surfaces modeling technology is feasible in the three-dimensional geological modeling, and for the problem of data coherence between the various public faces in the multi-body modeling process of the three-dimensional geological modeling, the border stitching algorithm is proposed based on an improved butterfly subdivision strategy, and makes the different subdivision degrees of model smoothing out. The technology of view depend subdivision surface is introduced into three-dimensional geological surface model construction, and to help the establishment of three-dimensional geological structure of the LOD model. Finally, the feasibility and effectiveness of the method is verified by taking a certain city area as the studying area and carrying out experiment of the application of the method presented by this paper.
Research of the Ultra-Thin Fiber Bragg Grating Hydrophone
Authors: Huang Jun Bin , Li Yu , Gu Hong Can , Tan Bo
Published: February 2012

In this paper, the basic theories and characteristics of distributed Bragg reflection (DBR) fiber laser and distributed feedback (DFB) fiber laser as hydrophone were described and analyzed; The interferometric demodulation technique of the underwater acoustic signals from fiber Bragg grating (FBG) hydrophone was discussed; And the theoretical experimental conclusions of the ultra-thin fiber Bragg grating hydrophone were introduced; Finally, the application in the torpedo homing field of the research on the ultra-thin fiber Bragg grating hydrophone were prospected.
Study on Influence of Milk Proteins Detection by Light Scattering
Authors: Qin Yong , Zhou Zhen , Hou Jing , Wang Li Jie
Published: February 2012

The detection of milk proteins can be achieved by light scattering. But in the process of detection, there are many influences that directly affected the accuracy of detection. On the basis of researching the light scattering characteristic of milk proteins, we have studied the effect of physical-chemical conditions such as scattering angle and temperature on scattering light intensity. Through simulation experiments, we can find that parameters such as scattering angle and temperature also have directly impact to the casein micelle detection. According to the simulation result, the detection parameter has been optimized, the theoretical support and guidance for increase the detection accuracy also has been provided.
A Denoising Method Based on the Variable Step NLMP for the Pulsar Signal
Authors: Sun Jing Rong , Zhang Gui Ying
Published: February 2012

In order to denoise the pulsar signal, a variable step NLMP algorithm was introduced under the-stable distribution. The algorithm introduced a step update factor. By adjusting parameters and error information, the algorithm can adjust the incremental direction of the adaptive filter weight vector accurately, and improve the convergence performance. Simulation results show that the variable step-size NLMP algorithm is better than the NLMP algorithm in the denoising effect in-stable distribution noise environments.
Effect of Earthquake on Subsequent Typhoon-Induced Landslides Using Remote Sensing Imagery in the 99 Peaks Region, Central Taiwan
Authors: Lee Shing Tsz , Yu Teng To , Peng Wen Fei
Published: February 2012

The effect of Chi-Chi earthquake on typhoon-triggered landslides was estimated using accuracy curves method in seismic landslide hazard model. The logistic regression model and geographic information system (GIS) are chosen to perform the seismic landslide hazard analysis. An inventory map of the landslides from SPOT images taken before and after the events was used to produce a dependent variable, which takes a value of 0 and 1 for the absence and presence of landslides. A set of independent parameters include lithology, elevation, slope gradient, slope aspect, terrain roughness, land use and Arias intensity (Ia) with topographic effect. Subsequently, the logistic regression is used to find the best fitting function to describe the relationship between occurrence or non-occurrence of landslides within an individual grid cell. The decreased effect of the earthquake was measured using accuracy curves method. It found that the effect of earthquake decreases with time. The landslide events of 2004 had little correlation with the Chi-Chi earthquake. Nevertheless, after period of 5 years, the seismic intensity from the Chi-Chi earthquake might still have affected conditions of landslides in the study area.
Filling-to-Packing Switchover Mode Based on Cavity Pressure for Injection Molding
Authors: Wang Jian
Published: February 2012

Filling-to-packing switchover control during injection molding plays a crucial role in ensuring the quality of the molded parts. In this study, a filling-to-packing switchover mode based on cavity pressure was presented, and it was compared with other two switchover modes by injection time and screw position. The objective of this study was to validate the accuracy of the switchover mode based on cavity pressure, and examine its consistency. Weight of the molded parts served as the main measure to probe the process capabilities. In this study, the change in mold temperature was monitored; variation of mold temperature affecting the process was examined. The results of the verification experiments revealed that the switchover mode based on cavity pressure could yield a better part quality and consistent part weight compared with the other two traditional switchover modes. It was proved that the switchover mode by cavity pressure can be used to improve the precision of the injection molding. However, a suitable switchover pressure must be used for achieving such high process capability, and the position to get the pressure signal and mold temperature should also be considered.
The Addition of ABS-g-MAH on Properties of Nylon6/ABS Alloy
Authors: Quan Zhen Jia , Chen Gang , Zhang Yu , Zhang Yi Zhou , Zhang Hai Bo , Wu Lin , He Xiang , Wang Chao
Published: February 2012

The alloy of Nylon6/Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS), with the ratio of 90/10, was prepared with ABS grafted with the maleic anhydride (ABS-g-MAH), as the compatibilizer. The mechanical tests’ results showed that the impact strength of the alloy with the compatibilizer was improved by about 146%. t can be seen from the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photographs that the compatibility was improved by the addition of ABS-g-MAH. The melting behavior and isothermal crystallization kinetics of Nylon6/ABS/ABS-g-MAH blends were investigated using DSC. The melting behavior was largely affected by the crystallization temperature and the presence of ABS-g-MAH.
Preparation of Soy Protein Isolate Modified by Glutaric Dialdehyde and its Application in Rubber Composite
Authors: Fang Qing Hong , Zhou Dan , Han Wen Chi , Gao Yu , Wang Na , Yang Feng
Published: February 2012

Soy protein has been considered as a kind of natural polymer and an ecological material that was widely used in many fields such as food industry. In this paper, the soy protein isolate (SPI) was modified by glutaric dialdehyde and characterized by IR spectra, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The modified soy protein isolate as reinforcing filler partly replaced some carbon black was used to prepare the SPI/rubber composites. Based on the mechanical and dynamic tests of their vulcanizates, the results showed that when a small amount of modified SPI (8~10phr) as reinforcement agent was used, the mechanical properties were improved. Moreover, the changes of their lgE’ and tanδ occurred.
Artificial Neural Networks in Prediction of Mechanical Behavior of High Performance Plastic Composites
Authors: He Wei , Bao G. H. , Ge T. J. , Luyt A.S. , Jian X. G.
Published: February 2012

Using a feed-forward artificial neural network (ANN), the tensile strength of a series of poly(phthalazinone ether sulfone ketone)(PPESK) blended with different contents of polyetheretherketone(PEEK), polysulfone(PSF), polyphenylene sulide (PPS) and reinforced with various amounts of whisker(TK) composites has been predicted based on a measured database. Compared with the experimental results, the maximum error obtained is not more than 0.8%. It is concluded that the predicted data are well acceptable. A well-trained ANN is expected to be very helpful mathematical tool in the structure-property analysis of polymer composites. Finally, using ANN modeling data and experimental data, the tensile strength properties related to whisker weight percent were established.
Mechanical, Morphological and Thermally Behaviors of Natural Rubber/Aluminum Powder Composites
Authors: Niu Hui Jun , Zhang Zhi Yi , Guo Wei , Xue Yi , Yao Zhen Xing
Published: February 2012

Different content of aluminum powder was mixed into natural rubber. Aluminum powder was modified by different coupling agents via wet method, and the modified aluminum filler/NR composite was prepared. The mechanical properties, thermal conductivity and thermogravimetric analysis of the composites was investigated. The results showed that the best physical properties and thermal conductivity of composites were achieved with saline coupling agent Si-69, and Thermo decomposing temperature of 3%TM-38S matching composites improved evidently. SEM test indicated that boundary surface of aluminium fillers and rubber was obviously improved when aluminum powder was modified by coupling agent, which would result in preferable mechanical property. The result of Thermogravimetric analysis showed that after aluminum powder filler was modified by three coupling agents, thermo decomposing temperature and hot lost weight of composites rose obviously. With the increase of Al powder content the thermal conductivity improved greatly, Thermal conductivity of Al/NR composites lay between 0.25 and 0.47 W·m-1·K-1.
Experimental Research and Development on Electrical Screw Tire Vulcanizing Machine
Authors: Fan Yan Jun , Liu Yao , Lv Bai Yuan
Published: February 2012

This paper studies the physical prototype performance of electrical screw tire vulcanizing machine and the radial tire produced by industrial prototype, which proves the working principle of electrical screw tire vulcanizing machine is feasible and can be applied to manufacture. At the same time, it has the advantages such as simple structure, convenient manufacture, reliable work, convenient operation and high precision in producing radial tires. Therefore, this technology has a broad application future, and should be popularized during improvement.
The Study of Electroless Ni-P and Ni-P-PTFE Coating on Steel Tire Mold
Authors: Guo Jian Zhang , Xu Bin
Published: February 2012

In order to improve the surface property of the steel tire mold, carbon steels were processed by electroless Ni-P and Ni-P-PTFE under contrast experiment. The coatings were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive Spectrometer (EDS). The wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the coatings were explored by tribometer, salt spray cabinet and advanced electrochemical system. The experimental results showed that the Ni-P coating was amorphous structure, and the Ni-P-PTFE coating was micro-pore structure; The wear resistance of Ni-P-PTFE coating was superior to Ni-P coating; In view of the micro-pore structure, the corrosion resistance of Ni-P-PTFE coating was worse than Ni-P coating, but they were all superior to carbon steels, and the service life of the steel tire mold were improved.
Finite Element Analysis of Globular Indexing Cam Mechanism Based on ANSYS
Authors: Chang De Gong , Li Song Mei , An Cong Feng
Published: February 2012

In this paper, the key components of globular indexing cam mechanism are analyzed by using the ANSYS finite element analysis software to solve the distribution of stress and strain of Globular indexing institutions caused by resistance moment. It is more intuitive and appropriate than the ever research of the single individual modal analysis process, and more easy to grasp the analysis results accuracy. It provides more solid theoretical basis for the production and application of globular indexing mechanism.
3D Fluid Field FEM Analysis of Meshing Rotors of Mixer
Authors: Bian Hui Guang , Wang Chuan Sheng , Wang Lei
Published: February 2012

This text introduced general flow field analyzed method about mixer flow in chamber, though analysis meshing rotor 3D flow field with the FEM.. While this process used six meshing-angles along the rotor circle for analysis the mixed mechanism of meshing rotors, which can improve mixer chamber’s structure and the quality of rubber etc.
FEM Comparative Analysis of Synchronous Rotor with Different Helix Angle in the Process of Mixing
Authors: Bian Hui Guang , Lv Wei Shuai , Wang Chuan Sheng
Published: February 2012

The paper is used to analyze the structure of traditional synchronous rotor from the perspective which the helix angle between long edge and short edge has some difference. The specialized viscoelastic fluid software--Polyflow is used to dynamic simulation analyze the two different kinds of rotors during the process of flow mixing, and then to analyze the two kinds of rotor performance through the result of transient flow simulation which mixed for one second. The analysis revealed that the improved synchronous rotor had better axial tensile properties in the case of remaining the original performance basically unchanged. And that could improve mixing performance and the production efficiency of mixer more effectively. There will provide a theoretical basis for the optimization of the rotor configuration in future.
The Numerical Simulation for Thermal Deformation in Grinding Hardening Thin Workpiece
Authors: Zhang Ying , Ge Pei Qi , Zhang Lei , Jiang Jing Liang
Published: February 2012

The high temperature in grinding hardening induces workpiece thermal deformation. The thermal deformation causes a concavity on the ground profile and affects the grinding hardening depth. The paper uses ANSYS thermo-mechanical coupling module to simulate the thermal deformation in grinding hardening. The workpiece profile by simulated is compared with the test result.
Finite Element Analysis of PP-3 Meshing Rotor
Authors: Wang Chuan Sheng , Shan Ping Ping , Liu Wei Wei
Published: February 2012

PP-3 meshing rotor has been analyzed in strength using the finite element method. The changes of the strain, stress and displacement have been represented by the visual picture, so whether the designed rotor is met the intended designing requirements or not will be known. At the same time, optimization designing is conducted further to the rotor through the analysis of the structure.
Effect of Preparation Ways on Structure and Properties of Steraric Acid/Na+-Montmorillonite Phase-Change Composite Materials
Authors: Feng Hui Xia , Zheng Han , Wang Yi
Published: February 2012

Two different methods, heat fusion process and solution infusion process had been used to synthesize a kind of phase change material (PCM) for latent heat thermal energy storage (LHTES). The composite was composed by steraric acid (SA) and montmorillonite (MMT). The morphology of the SA/MMT was characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and FT-IR. The thermal performance and stability of the composite was characterized by differential thermal scanners (DSC) and heating store/release experiment. The FT-IR results demonstrated the PCMs and MMT combined by only physical bonds, SEM results showed that SA was intercalated in to MMT, and heat fusion process was contribute to the combination better than the other. The heating store/release experiment indicated that the stability of M-SA/MMT is better than S-SA/MMT.
Production Planning and Control in an Automobile Closed-Loops Assembly Line
Authors: Ferreira L.P. , Ares E. , Peláez G. , Tjahjono B. , Areal J.J.
Published: February 2012

The work presented in this paper consists of the development of a decision making support system, based on a real problem, with the purpose of optimizing the operation of an automobile assembly line with a four closedloop network configuration. This layout system reflects one of the most common configurations of automobile assembly and preassembly lines formed by conveyors. The impact of the speed variation of the intermediate buffers formed by conveyors on the first three closed-loops and of the proportion of four-door car bodies on the number of cars produced / hour has been thoroughly investigated.
The Holistic Approach of the Industrial Strategies of Continuous Improvement
Authors: de Mera Sánchez Prado Díaz , Gaya Cristina González , Reina José M. Arenas
Published: February 2012

Research in the late 80´s on technological companies that develop products of high value innovation, with sufficient speed and flexibility to adapt quickly to changing market conditions, gave rise to the new set of methodologies known as Agile Management Approach. In the current changing economic scenario, we considered very interesting to study the similarities of these Agile Methodologies with other practices whose effectiveness has been amply demonstrated in both the West and Japan. Strategies such as kaizen, Lean, World Class Manufacturing, Concurrent Engineering, etc, would be analyzed to check the values they have in common with the Agile Approach.
Conceptual Design of an Aircraft Final Assembly Line: A Case Study
Authors: Mas F. , Ríos J. , Menéndez J.L.
Published: February 2012

During the conceptual design phase of a Final Assembly Line (FAL), the design solutions that will meet the functional and industrial requirements are defined, i.e.: the basic requirements of industrialization. During this phase, several alternatives are studied, and the most attractive in terms of performance and cost requirements is selected. As a result of the study of these alternatives, it is possible to define an early conceptual design of the assembly line and its basic parameters. The plant needs, long cycle jigs & tools or industrial means and human resources with the necessary skills can be determined in advance. This communication presents a case study focus on the FAL of the AIRBUS A400M.
A Methodology to Evaluate Complex Manufacturing Systems through Discrete-Event Simulation Models
Authors: Ferreira L.P. , Ares E. , Peláez G. , Marcos M. , Araújo M.
Published: February 2012

This paper proposes a methodology to analyze complex manufacturing systems, based on discrete-event simulation models. The methodology was validated by performing different simulation experiments and will be applied to a multistage multiproduct production line, based on a real case, with a closed-loop network configuration of machines and intermediate buffers consisting of conveyors, which is very common in the automobile sector. A simulation model in an Arena environment was developed, which allowed for an analysis of the important aspects not yet studied in specialized literature, namely the assessment of the impact of the production sequence on the automobile assembly line. Various sequence rules were analyzed and the performance of each of the corresponding simulation models was registered.
Machining a Free-Surface via Reverse Engineering
Authors: Romero-Carrillo P. , Lopez-Alba E. , Dorado R. , Diaz-Garrido F.
Published: February 2012

Reverse engineering (RE) tries to model and manufacture an object from measurements one of a reference object. Modern optical measurement systems and computer aided engineering software have improved reverse engineering procedures. We detail the main RE steps from 3D digitalization by Digital Image Correlation to manufacturing. The previous description is complemented with an application example, which portrays the performance of RE. The differences between original and manufactured objects are less than 2 mm (close to the tool radius).
An Interface for Low-Q Micromachined Gyroscope
Authors: Wang Guan Shi , Tao Mu , Liu Xiao Wei
Published: February 2012

In this paper, an interface for low-Q micromachined gyroscope is designed. Based on the testified system architecture, the driving circuit with frequency modulation and PI controller, together with the sensing circuit contained twice demodulation, are designed. The bias stability of the gyroscope is 0.072 o/s, and the noise is 0.02o/s/Hz1/2.
Development of a Portable Phosphate Detection System Using Cobalt Based Microelectrodes
Authors: Deng Bei Lei , Tong Jian Hua , Bai Yin , Bian Chao , Yan Gui Li , Zhang Hong , Xia Shan Hong
Published: February 2012

This paper presents a portable phosphate detection system based on electrochemical reaction mechanism using cobalt modified microelectrodes. The microelectrodes were fabricated by MEMS (Micro-electromechanical Systems) technology and modified by electrodeposition of cobalt. The performances of the microsensors were characterized by testing a series of standard phosphate solution. MSP430F4793 microcontroller was applied to control the detection process at low power consumption. Comparing with the test results achieved by using traditional electrochemical workstation method, this portable detection system has similar characteristics with the concentration range from 10-6 to 10-4 mol/L.
Effect of Micro Structures of Diffusers on Optical Properties of LED Light
Authors: Zhou Yang , Wu Da Ming , Zheng Xiu Ting , Zhang Ya Jun , Zhuang Jian , He Xiao Xiang
Published: February 2012

The diffusers with microlens arrays and V-cut micro structures of LED light were designed in this paper. Based on the theory of non-linear ray tracing, optical properties of the diffusers with three different micro structures were simulated by Lighttools. The three different structures are diffuser with non-structures, diffuser with 0.4mm in diameter microlens arrays and diffuser with V-cut which groove width is 0.4mm and the material of the diffusers was PP (polypropylene). Three types of diffusers were fabricated by extrusion rolling method and their transmittance and uniformity were tested. The simulation showed that diffuser with V-cut micro structures had the best transmittance and uniformity. The experiment showed that the diffusers produced by extrusion rolling method had perfect reprint effect. The simulation results and experiment results had much consistency in transmittance and uniformity. This research is helpful to solve the non-uniform luminescence and glare problems of the LED light.
A Refined Arnoldi Algorithm Based Krylov Subspace Technique for MEMS Model Order Reduction
Authors: Guan Le , Gao Jia Li , Wang Zhi Wen , Zhang Guo Qing , Chu Jin Kui
Published: February 2012

A refined approach producing MEMS numerical macromodels is proposed in this paper by generating the iterative Krylov subspace using a refined Arnoldi algorithm, which can reduce the degrees of freedom of the original system equations described by the state space method. Projection of the original system matrix onto the Krylov subspace which is spanned by a refined Arnoldi algorithm is still based on the transfer function moment matching principle. The idea of the iterative version is to expect that a new initial vector will contain more and more information on the required eigenvectors that is called refined vector. The refined approach improves approximation accuracy of the system matrix eigenvalues equivalent to a more accurate approximation to the poles of the system transfer function, obtaining a more accurate reduced-order model. The clamped beam model and the FOM model are reduced order by classical Arnoldi and refined Arnoldi algorithm in numerical experiments. From the computing result it is concluded that the refined Arnoldi algorithm based Krylov subspace technique for MEMS model order reduction has more accuracy and reaches lower order number of reduced order model than the classical Arnoldi process.
A High Performance Fourth-Order Single-Loop Sigma Delta Modulator Applied in Micro-Inertial Sensors
Authors: Wang Peng Fei , Yuan Yuan , Wang Dong Bo , Liu Xiao Wei , Liu Jun'an
Published: February 2012

This paper presents a fourth-order sigma delta (ΣΔ)modulator applied in micro-inertial sensors. After a introduction of sigma-delta modulator and its application in micro-inertial sensors, the system-level analysis and design is given and the gain coefficients is calculated. By the use of root locus, the stability of high order ΣΔ modulator is analyzed and it is got the minimum value of quantizer gain k is 0.287. The simulation shows that the signal to noise ratio (SNR) is 121.6 dB and the effective number of bits (ENOB) is 19.91 bits. When input level is smaller than -6 dBFs, the quantizer and integrators would not be overload and work well.
The Microfluid-Driven Control by Forced Wave
Authors: Zhu Ping
Published: February 2012

The commutation of pressure, electro-osmosis and acoustic methods is usually adopted to realize the drive of microfluid in microsystem. However, the above methods do not have a very ideal controllability. In view of the above situation, the paper proposes a kind of microfluid-driven method according to physical mechanism of wave-vortex interaction. In the method the microfluid-driven control is realized sympathetic vibration between forced wave and unstable wave in the vortex layer to intensify or destroy nonlinear stability of vortex or to regulate quasi-vortex energy flow in the boundary layer, in which the forced wave is produced by applying tangential simple harmonic motion with specific frequency and amplitude to the outside of flowing passage or flowing body. The paper demonstrates the method theoretically, and then uses an experiment to prove its availability. By using de-ionized water, straight round glass with the diameter of Φ18~Φ20μm, the experiment of separation is carried out successfully. The method has very broad applying prospect for the activity retention in the process of cell injection and transfer in the biomedical field and the fuel transfer in the micro propeller.
Experimental Study on a Small Flux, High Pressure Peristaltic Micropump
Authors: Du Min , Lu Zheng Mao , Ye Xiong Ying
Published: February 2012

In this paper, we improved the design of a membrane peristaltic micropump. The pump was driven by a rotating motor with magnetically attracted steel balls on top. The size of the micropump was significantly reduced to realize small flow rate and high pressure, to serve for precision delivering applications. Testing results showed that the pump can realize small flow rate from 0.93 to 12.73 μL/min, with very high linearity. The back pressure could reach more than 83 kPa until the PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane) channel structure was destroyed under high pressure. The pulsation problem of the peristaltic pump was also mentioned, as well as the possible solution to deliver a certain amount of small sample volume.
Accuracy Correction of the Measuring Method for Film Stress Gradient Based on Curvature Radius
Authors: Rong Hua , Yu Chang Ling
Published: February 2012

Stress gradient of a thin film along its thickness direction has important influence on performance of MEMS/NEMS devices. The measuring method based on curvature radius is a usual method for extracting film stress gradient. In this paper the error of the method has been analyzed using Finite Element Analysis software Coventorware, and the current theory has been modified according to FEA results to enhance its accuracy. Simulating results indicated that the accuracy of the method has been increased observably after correcting.
Trial-Constructing a Novel Image of AAO Template
Authors: Zheng Hong Mei , Wu Yu Cheng , Huang Xin Min , Cui Jie Wu , Wang Yan
Published: February 2012

The Self-Organizing Anodic Aluminium Oxide(AAO) Template Is Widely Used to Construct the Nanomaterials. but the AAO Film Is Very Thin and Brittle, the AAO Templates Are Easily Been Destroied when Widening and Opening the Nanopores. the Nanorods/wires Constructed by this Template Likely Aggregate because of the High Activity of Nano-Surface at Short Range. this Paper Proposed a Novel Image of AAO Template in which Several Nanopores Combined Together to Form a Large Open Holes without Widening the Cells and Opening Barrier Layers. the Electronic Aluminium Foils with 99.99% Purity Is Anodized in Phosphoric Acid by Two-Steps, then Polarized under a Negative Voltage in the Kcl Solution. the Result of Experiment Demostrated the Possibility of the Formation Mechanism of this New Templates.
Low Temperature Wafer Level Adhesive Bonding Using BCB for Resonant Pressure Sensor
Authors: Li Yu Xin , Chen De Yong , Wang Jun Bo
Published: February 2012

This paper presents a method of low temperature wafer level adhesive bonding using non-photosensitive bisbenzocyclobutene (BCB) from Dow Co for resonant pressure sensor package. The bonding process is performed at the temperature below 250oC, with the pressure on the wafer 2-3 Bar in vacuum in a wafer bonding system. According to the bonding process, pre-bake time, pumping time, pressure placed on the sensor and the thickness of cross-linked layer are the most important factors. Experiments show that more than 95% of the area is successfully bonded, the hermeticity maintains well after thermal shock and long term tests, and the tensile strength of the fabricated bonds is up to 40MPa. The bonding technique was successfully tested in the fabrication process of resonant pressure sensor, and the results show that this bonding technique is a viable MEMS encapsulation technology for hermetically cavity sealing.
A Flush-Mounted Resonant Ice Detection Sensor with High Sensitivity
Authors: Shi Qiang , Wang Jun Bo , Chen De Yong , Shang Yan Long
Published: February 2012

An ice detection system consisting of a resonant piezoelectric sensing-element and closed-loop circuit has been developed to automatically and distinctly sense ice films up to 1.3 mm thick. Accretion of ice and/or water on the sensor surface modifies the effective mass and/or stiffness of the vibrating transducer; these variations are sensed by measuring the changes in transducer resonant frequency. In case of ice films, resonant frequency of the transducer increases steadily from 60.9 kHz with no ice to 131.5 kHz when the ice film is 1.3mm thick. The time and temperature stability experiments revealed frequency variety no more than 1 kHz. The resolution of this sensor is better than 0.06mm.
Simulation and Analysis of Cantilever-Membrane Structure for Piezoresistive Micro-Accelerometers
Authors: Liu Yan , Zhao Yu Long , Sun Lu
Published: February 2012

Dynamic and static performances are the most important parameters for accelerometers. The natural frequency decides the sensor’s working frequency band, and the accompanying stress represents the measurement sensitivity. In this paper, a novel sensing structure, cantilever-membrane structure, for piezoresistive accelerometers is studied, in order to detect the structural dimension’s effect on the sensor. With the help of FEM (Finite element method) software, the first order natural frequency of the cantilever-membrane based accelerometer is investigated with the different combinations of membrane’s dimensions. The accompanying stress of the sensing structure is also simulated in this paper. The results show that the membrane’s dimensions affect the frequency and stress more tempestuously when the membrane is short, but the tendency become gentle when the width of the membrane increases.
Technological and Economical Capabilities of Manufacturing Titanium- and Nickel-Based Alloys via Electrochemical Machining (ECM)
Authors: Klocke Fritz , Zeis Markus , Klink Andreas
Published: February 2012

In this paper technological and economical capabilities of manufacturing titanium- and nickel-based alloys via unpulsed Electrochemical Machining (ECM) are presented. A standardized test to receive typical workpiece material removal properties according to its electrochemical machinability is introduced. First of all the experimental setup of this test is described in detail. The test results for the materials Ti-6Al-4V and Inconel 718 are presented and discussed. Here the feed rate – current density- and surface roughness – current density curves are in focus. With help of these two functions as an example out of many possible applications the capability of blisk manufacturing by electrochemical machining is quantified. Therefore the theoretical machining times for both materials of substituted blisk geometry are calculated. Finally on this basis an economical comparison between ECM and milling as rough estimation is executed.