bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Elisitasi Flavonoid menggunakan Kitosan pada Kultur Kalus Ginseng Jawa (Talinum paniculatum Gaertn.)
Authors: Eddijanto Inawati , Restiani Ratih , Aditiyarini Dwi
Published: August 2022

Ginseng Jawa (Talinum paniculatum Gaertn.) sering dimanfaatkan dalam pengobatan herbal karena mengandung flavonoid yang berkhasiat sebagai antivirus, antiinflamasi, kardioprotektif, antidiabetes, antikanker,dan antioksidan. Kultur in vitro adalah teknik yang dapat meningkatkan produksi metabolit sekunder melalui elisitasi. Elisitasi metabolit sekunder dengan menggunakan kitosan dapat digunakan untuk menghasilkan flavonoid dan bekerja langsung pada enzim kunci penghasil flavonoid. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi kitosan dan durasi elisitasi terhadap biomassa kalus dan akumulasi flavonoid. Inisiasi kalus T. paniculatum dilakukan menggunakan eksplan daun yang diinokulasi dalam media MS dengan penambahan 3 mg/L kinetin dan 2 mgL 2,4-D. Kalus berusia 58 hari (fase early stasioner) dielisitasi dengan variasi konsentrasi kitosan 0, 50, 150, dan 200 ppm dan durasi elisitasi 0, 24, 48, dan 96 jam. Ekstraksi kalus menggunakan metanol 96% dilanjutkan analisis secara kualitatif dan semi kuantitatif menggunakan KLT. Peningkatan konsentrasi dan durasi elisitasi kitosan secara umum menyebabkan penurunan biomassa kalus (0,051-0,066 g/g BK) dibandingkan kontrol (0,067 g/g BK). Selain itu, peningkatan konsentrasi dan durasi elisitasi kitosan berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan akumulasi flavonoid berdasarkan luas noda KLT (0,082 - 0,1178) cm2 dibandingkan kontrol (0,0785 cm2). Konsentrasi dan durasi elisitasi kitosan yang optimal meningkatkan biomassa kalus (0,068 g/g BK) adalah kitosan konsentrasi 150 ppm selama 24 jam (K2W1) sedangkan akumulasi flavonoid optimal (0,1178 cm2) dan intensitas warna noda KLT bernilai 5 (kuning kehijauan gelap) pada perlakuan kitosan 150 ppm selama 48 jam (K2W2).
Potensi Biofungisida Ekstrak Akar, Batang dan Daun Mentimun (Cucumis sativus L.) terhadap Fusarium oxysporum
Authors: Senaen Jecica Claudia , Prasetyaningsih Aniek , Madyaningrana Kukuh
Published: August 2022

Layu Fusarium adalah penyakit yang disebabkan oleh jamur Fusarium oxysporum. Jamur ini menjadi salah satu kendala utama dalam budidaya tanaman hortikultura. Salah satu alternatif pengendali penyakit layu fusarium bersumber dari senyawa bioaktif yang diperoleh dari ekstrak tanaman mentimun yang diketahui mengandung beragam fitokimia dengan potensi sebagai antioksidan, antibakteri dan antijamur. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari kandungan metabolit sekunder ekstrak organ daun, batang dan akar tanaman mentimun yang berpotensi sebagai antijamur Fusarium oxysporum. Hasil uji fitokimia secara kualitatif menunjukkan ekstrak organ daun, batang dan akar mentimun mengandung kelompok senyawa alkaloid, saponin, flavonoid, steroid dan tanin, sedangkan hasil uji GC-MS mendeteksi keberadaan kelompok senyawa asam lemak dari ekstrak organ mentimun. Uji aktivitas antifungi ekstrak mentimun menunjukkan bahwa semua ekstrak organ tanaman mentimun yang meliputi akar, batang dan daun dapat menghambat pertumbuhan jamur Fusarium oxysporum. Konsentrasi optimal ekstrak mentimun yang dapat menghambat pertumbuhan Fusarium oxysporum adalah 50% dengan rerata diameter hambatan ekstrak akar mentimun 5,05 mm, ekstrak batang mentimun 5,75 mm dan ekstrak daun mentimun 7,70 mm , dan semua nilai penghambatan ini lebih besar daripada diameter zona hambat dari kontrol positif (K+)
Measurement of Friction Coefficient between Glass and Rubik's Beam on the Sloping Field using Rubik Lubricant
Authors: Sucipto Try Adi
Published: August 2022

This research is based on a rubik game involving the coefficient of friction. Rubik when difficult to rotate then the coefficient of friction is large. Rubik has several lubricants including Maru Lube, Ellips, and Kit Shampoo. This study aims to determine friction coefficient between the inclined plane of glass and rubik beams with lubricating. The beam is launched on an inclined plane and measured travel time. The results of the measurement of the coefficient of friction of the three lubricants namely Maru Lube lubricant has a coefficient of friction value of 0.4586, Ellips lubricant of 0.4375, and shampoo Kit lubricant of 0.4630. Based on these data it can be concluded that Ellips lubricant is the most slippery and more effective lubricant to use.
Decrease of Free Fatty Acid Levels in Cooking Oil Using Sugar Cane
Authors: Nasukwad Nasukwad , Sulthon Alwi Ahmad
Published: August 2022

Edible Oil has a fairly high economic value. Cooking oil is generally used for cooking. With the condition of oil prices increasing so many times it is necessary to recycle again so as not to pollute the environment. Used cooking oil has a lot of high free fatty acid content, so it is necessary to reduce fatty acids by using absorbent ingredients. Sugarcane bagasse can be used as a purification ingredient of used cooking oil by soaking. This study aims to determine the level of soaking bagasse against free fatty acid numbers. Variable immersion for 0 hours, 24 hours, 48 hours, and 72 hours. The results of the percentage of Free Fatty Acid (ALB) levels after done, soaking time for 0 hours is 0.36%, 24 hours is 0.34%, 48 hours is 0.33%, and 72 hours is 0.29%.©2019 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved.
Test the effectiveness of Breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) leaf extract on the growth of Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Azizah Fitrotin , Arimurti Anindita Riesti Retno , Artanti Dita , Sari Yeti Eka Sispita
Published: August 2022

Infectious diseases caused by Staphylococcus aureus are a health problem in Indonesia. Antibiotics can be used as the treatment, but currently Staphylococcus aureus is resistant to antibiotics. Therefore, it is necessary to find alternative medicine. One of the plants that has characteristics to be used as herbal medicine is Breadfruit leaves. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of concentration on breadfruit leaf juice which can inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. This type of research is experimental. The study population was pure Staphylococcus aureus bacteria on NAS (Nutrient Agar Slant) media. The sample in this study was pure Staphylococcus aureus transferred from pure culture media (NAS), while the number of repetitions of the sample was 5 times the treatment, in this study were P1 (100%), P2 (75%), P3 (50%), P4 (25%), P5(0%). Data on the growth of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria was obtained by indirect observation, namely through laboratory tests and data collection techniques using the ANOVA test with an error rate (0.05) and followed by the Tukkey HSD test through the SPSS16.0 program. Based on the results of the antibacterial test of breadfruit leaf juice (Artocarpus altilis) in the ANOVA test, the probability number was 0.000 and there was an effect on the growth of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. Followed by the Tukkey HSD test, it was obtained at a concentration of 25% which is the minimum inhibitory power, the effective concentration to inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus at a concentration of 75%. From the data above, it can be concluded that there is an effect of breadfruit leaf juice (Artocarpus altilis) on the growth of Staphylococcus aureus.©2020 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved.
The quality of Haemoglobin examination results with variations in incubation time using the Cyanmethemoglobin method
Authors: Tunjung Ellies , Azizah Fitrotin , Rohmayani Vella , Kunsah Baterun , Yunia Rizka Vera
Published: August 2022

Anaemia is a condition where blood red blood levels or haemoglobin is lower than normal values. More than 50% of cases of anaemia are spread throughout the world. One of checks to diagnose anaemia is examination of haemoglobin levels. Examination of haemoglobin levels can be determined by several methods, namely the Sahli’s method, the Cyanmethemoglobin method manually and by automatic method. Examination of haemoglobin levels with a of more than 5 minutes incubation time leads to inaccurate results. The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of incubation time on the results of haemoglobin level examination of the Cyanmethemoglobin method. This type of research is experimental research to determine the effect of the incubation time on the results of haemoglobin level examination of the Cyanmethemoglobin method. The population in this research is outpatients with a diagnosis of kidney failure at Gatoel Hospital, Mojokerto, in March 2019. The number of examination samples is 9 samples which is carried out at the Gatoel Hospital Laboratory, Mojokerto. The results of this research show that the average haemoglobin incubation rate of 5 minutes is 7,52 g/dl, incubation of 20 minutes is 7,18 g / dl, and incubation of 30 minutes is 7,04 g / dl. The conclusion of this research is that there is no effect on the delay in incubation time on the results of the haemoglobin level examination of the Cyanmethemoglobin method.
Classification of Pneumonia in Thoracic X-Ray images based on texture characteristics using the MLP (Multi-Layer Perceptron) method
Authors: Istianah Latifatul , Sumarti Heni
Published: August 2022

One of the diseases that attack the lungs is pneumonia. This disease can attack someone with a weak immune system. Pneumonia is inflammation of the lungs that can be caused by pathogens, such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi. The purpose of this study was to classify fungal pneumonia, bacterial pneumonia, and lipoid pneumonia based on texture characteristics and the MLP method using machine learning WEKA. The method in this study has three stages including pre-processing, extraction of texture features consisting of Histogram and GLCM, and classification using the MLP (Multi Layer Perceptron) method. The results of the texture feature extraction showed that the three types of pneumonia were: lipoid pneumonia with brightness, sharp contrast random distribution on correlation characteristics, bacterial pneumonia with high brightness, high contrast random distribution on energy characteristics, and fungal pneumonia with brightness, sharp contrast, random distribution of homogeneity attributes. The third similarity of pneumonia is in the gray level that collects each other in the middle. The method used in this study resulted in the same accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity, namely 100%. The image classification in this study shows the success of the texture features and the MLP method in classifying pneumonia images accurately so that they can be used as additional tools that make it easier for medical experts.   ©2020 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved.
Design and build a mechanical energy conservation law KIT with Arduino microcontroller
Authors: Astuti Adina Widi , Mushthofa Zayyinul , Sulhadi Sulhadi
Published: August 2022

Tools as media play an important role in learning physics to explain concepts, so that students can more easily build mastery of physics material and develop their skills. This study aims to design and realize a physics learning tool. The method used is research and development (Research and Development). This learning tool is in the form of a plane where the direction of the object's trajectory varies can move up, down, and is accompanied by a slope setting (30˚, 45˚, 60˚ or 90˚). Equipped with a speed output setting program based on 3 points whose speed will be measured and the distance between the points can be changed. Its function is to understand and prove the law of conservation of mechanical energy, understand the relationship between potential energy and kinetic energy experienced by objects and determine the speed of objects and their height position. This learning tool is expected to attract students' interest in learning physics. The design of this KIT Law of Conservation of Mechanical Energy can prove the conservation of mechanical energy. When an object is moving downwards, the object's height decreases but its velocity increases. On the other hand, if the object is moving upwards, the height of the object will increase, but the velocity of the object will decrease. This tool still has a relative error rate of 23.92% in free fall motion, 31.87% in falling motion on an inclined plane, and 32.79% in vertical upward motion.©2021 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved.
Asimetrik Schiff Bazı ve Geçiş Metal Komplekslerinin Sentezi ve Karakterizasyonu
Authors: ÇAKRAN Halide Sinem , DEMETGÜL Cahit
Published: August 2022

Bu çalışmada önce 2-aminobenzilamin ile keton türevi olan 1'-hidroksi-2'-asetonaftonun kondenzasyonundan monoimin bileşiği (H3A) sentezlenmiştir. Elde edilen H3A ile 5-bromosalisilaldehitin kondenzasyonu sonucu asimetrik Schiff bazı (H2L) sentezlenmiştir. Daha sonra sentezlenen H2L bileşiğinin Cu(II), Ni(II), Co(II) ve Fe(III) komplekslerinin sentezi ve karakterizasyonu gerçekleştirilmiştir. Schiff bazı ve metal komplekslerinin yapıları analitik ve spektroskopik yöntemler (UV-Vis, FT-IR, elementel, 13C ve 1H NMR, LC-MS, ICP-AES, manyetik suseptibilite, molar iletkenlik ve TG-DTA) kullanılarak aydınlatılmıştır
The Use of Whey Powder Additions for Grass Silage: Effects on Nutrient Content, Fermentation Properties and Aerobic Stability
Authors: GÜLTEKİN Şevin , KAYA Emrah
Published: August 2022

The aim of this study was to determine the nutrient content, fermentation properties, and aerobic stability of grass ensiled with the addition of different doses of whey powder. Freshly cut grasses (Festuca arundinacea, Festuca rubra, Poa pratensis, and Lolium perenne) were ensiled with the addition of whey powder at a rate of 0, 2, 4, and 6% in the laboratory in 1.5-liter plastic jars with 4 replications. At the end of the 60-day ensiling period, the nutrient content, fermentation properties, and aerobic stability values of silages were investigated. The pH measurements revealed that the silages were of high quality. Although dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), and ether extract (EE) values increased depending on the increase in whey powder rate in the silages, crude ash (CA), ADF, and NDF values decreased. The lowest pH and the highest Fleig Score (FS) were obtained in silage with a 6% whey powder addition. Except in the control group, no mold formation was detected in silage groups after the seven-day aerobic stability test. As a result, different mixing ratios of grass and whey powder did not cause negative results in silages and increased the quality. According to Fleig scores and aerobic stability results, the best quality silages were obtained from silages with 4 and 6% whey powder additions. It was concluded that the ensiling of grass with whey powder was effective in improving the nutritional and fermentation quality of silages and provided a partial solution to environmental pollution.
The Effects of Different Sowing and Harvesting Times on Hay Quality of Mountain spinach (Atriplex nitens) Grown in Arid Conditions
Authors: TEMEL Işıl , KESKİN Bilal , TEMEL Süleyman
Published: August 2022

This research was carried out in dry conditions in the trial land of Igdir University Faculty of Agriculture in 2019 and 2020. Effects on crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), dry matter digestibility (DMD), dry matter intake (DMI), digestible energy (DE), metabolizable energy (ME) and relative feed value (RFV) of sowing (mid-March, late-March, early-April and mid-April) and harvesting times (end of vegetative period, beginning of flowering and full flowering period) of mountain spinach (Atriplex nitens) were determined. The experiment was set up in randomized blocks according to the split plot design with 3 replications. It was determined that the crude protein obtained in the second year of the study was higher than the first year. Other examined hay quality characteristics did not change over the years. Sowing times had significant effects on all the nutrients studied. Delaying the sowing times resulted in decreases in NDF and ADF ratios, and increases in CP, DMD, DMI, DE, ME and RFV. While the NDF and ADF ratios increased with the delay of the harvest periods, there were decreases in the CP, DMD, DMI, DE, ME and RFV amounts. According to year, sowing and harvesting periods, CP ratios between 5.94% and 13.86%, NDF ratios 50.29% an 64.33%, ADF ratios 29.48% and 41.01%, DMD ratios 56.96% and 65.93%, DMI ratios 1.86% and 2.39%, DE amount 2.71 and 3.09 Mcal kg-1, ME amount 2.22 and 2.54 Mcal kg-1 and RFV value 82.40 and 121.97 was found. According to the results of the study, it was determined that in order to obtain high quality herbage from mountain spinach in dry conditions, it should be sown in mid-March, which is the first sowing time, and harvested at the end of the vegetative period.
Chegando bem ao Cristo Redentor?
Authors: Estácio da Silva Tavares Daiane , Pacheco dos Santos Laissa , Mondo Tiago Savi
Published: August 2022

O avanço da tecnologia permitiu a facilitação do acesso às informações sobre serviços turísticos por meio da internet com base no compartilhamento de experiências individuais. Uma vez que as opiniões de consumidores anteriores de certo serviço são publicadas nas plataformas online, tornam-se uma importante fonte de análise para futuros usuários, comprometendo ou não sua escolha sobre o consumo. Nesse sentido, a presente pesquisa tem por objetivo analisar a percepção da qualidade do serviço do Trem do Corcovado, um dos pontos turísticos mais notáveis do país. Com uma abordagem qualitativa e quantitativa, o estudo foi realizado por meio do método TOURQUAL, cujos dados foram coletados com base na análise de conteúdo gerado por usuários (CGU) nas plataformas TripAdvisor e Google, com recorte temporal de janeiro de 2019 a maio de 2021. Conclui-se, com um alcance de 319 comentários analisados, que o Trem do Corcovado obteve uma nota média de 4,22 segundo a avaliação dos visitantes, na qual destaca-se os indicadores de Estética, Atendimento e Preço, dentro das categorias do TOURQUAL.
Turismo Espiritual: quais são as motivações dos viajantes em busca da espiritualidade?
Authors: Alves Borges Amanda , Schreinert dos Santos Ivaneli , Gonzaga Godoi Trigo Luiz , Augusto Santos Lobo Heros
Published: August 2022

O crescente interesse pela espiritualidade afetou uma série de indústrias em todo o mundo, incluindo a indústria do turismo. O Turismo Espiritual foi identificado pela Organização Mundial do Turismo (OMT) como um dos segmentos de viagens com crescimento acelerado, no entanto, é difícil delimitar esse segmento, pois abrange uma ampla gama de motivações. Sendo assim, questiona-se: quais são as motivações desses turistas? O presente artigo tem como objetivo identificar as motivações dos turistas espirituais brasileiros, além disso, fazer um levantamento dos locais que os motivam para a prática do Turismo Espiritual no mundo e no Brasil. Para captar as motivações, tomou-se como referência a teoria da motivação “push and pull factors”. A pesquisa foi realizada durante a pandemia do Covid-19, e teve uma metodologia de caráter qualitativo, no total foram coletadas 50 respostas de turistas espirituais, através da ferramenta Google Forms. Conclui-se que as principais motivações dos turistas espirituais brasileiros são o bem-estar, o crescimento pessoal e o contato com a natureza. Suas principais buscas internas são o autoconhecimento e a paz. Quanto aos locais, no total foram identificados 30 países, 38 locais específicos no mundo, 55 locais no Brasil, dos quais atraem esses turistas espirituais brasileiros. Os países mais mencionados foram Índia, Peru e México. Os estados do Brasil mais citados foram Goiás, Bahia e Minas Gerais, a Floresta Amazônica também se destacou. Sugere-se para pesquisas futuras que seja adotada uma amostra mais ampla de respondentes.
Carnaúba e seus possíveis usos turísticos do Litoral do Piauí
Authors: Braga Solano de Souza , Kanitz Heidi Gracielle , Perinotto André Riani Costa , Gonçalves Marina Furtado
Published: August 2022

A Carnaúba é uma palmeira amplamente utilizada no estado do Piauí em que se aproveita todas as suas partes com destaque à utilização das folhas para a confecção de diversos produtos artesanais como chapéus, bolsas, esteiras, dentre outros. O uso da Carnaúba no estado data desde antes da colonização, sendo até hoje um dos principais produtos de exportação do Piauí. O cultivo e o processamento da Carnaúba configuram-se como patrimônio imaterial local resultando em artefatos culturais que podem ser explorados pela atividade turística. Destaca-se que não há como separar o material e o imaterial na busca para a compreensão dos modos de fazer tradicionais e os objetos finais não são somente o reflexo do homem, mas sim o próprio homem. Desta forma, buscou-se compreender a partir de referências bibliográficas e pesquisa de campo como se dá a exploração da Carnaúba no Piauí, bem como a sua valorização por meio do processo de registro e os seus possíveis usos turísticos. Entendeu-se que as atividades envolvendo a Carnaúba constituem um saber local, integrando o meio ambiente, a cultura e o turismo em seus diversos segmentos e, desta forma, devem ser valorizados para que não somente o produto final seja comercializado e utilizado para fins turísticos, mas também todo o processo de beneficiamento que envolve saberes específicos e que necessitam dos instrumentos de preservação, como o registro.
Rare embryonic tumor of the central nervous system – neuroblastoma with FOXR2-activation
Authors: Kumirova E. V. , Ozerov S. S. , Ryzhova M. V. , Konovalov D. M. , Shekhtman A. P. , Emtsova V. V. , Vyazova Yu. V. , Andrianov M. M. , Abbasova E. V. , Gvozdev A. A. , Kadyrov Sh. U. , Karmanov A. L. , Kushel Yu. V. , Nechesnyuk A. V. , Pushkarev O. I. , Shapochnik A. P. , Shtukert A. V. , Belogurova M. B. , Shеrbenko O. I. , Rumyantsev A. G.
Published: August 2022

Introduction. The development of technologies for molecular genetic typing of tumors of the central nervous system (CNS) has significantly increased the specificity of traditional histological and immunohistochemical research methods. As a result, completely new variants of tumors have appeared, as well as improved results of treatment of tumors with a long-term favorable prognosis. Thanks to new biomarkers, among morphologically similar small-cell embryonic CNS tumors, extremely rare tumors have been identified: ETMR (embryonic tumor with multiple rosettes C19MC), CNS NB-FOXR2 (CNS neuroblastoma (NB) with FOXR2-activation), CNS EFT-CIC (tumor of the CNS sarcoma family of sarcoma alteration), CNS HGNET-MN1 (neuroepithelial tumor of the CNS of high grade with MN1 alteration), CNS HGNET-BCOR (neuroepithelial tumor of the CNS of high grade with BCOR alteration).The aim of the study was to assess the historical prerequisites for the emergence of a new rare nosological form “CNS NB with FOXR2- activation”, as well as presentation of own results of diagnostics and treatment of children with this tumor.Materials and methods. The results of diagnosis and treatment of 7 patients with CNS NB with FOXR2-activation were studied. Tumor identification was carried out using a new DNA methylation technique for CNS tumor profiles using the Heidelberg (Germany) brain tumor classifier (www.molecularneuropathology.org), which has recently become available in Russia.Results and discussion. Based on a review of international experience, the evolution of the appearance in the classification of CNS tumors, as well as the clinical and molecular features of CNS neuroblastoma with FOXR2-activation are presented. The authors present their own results of diagnostics and treatment of 7 patients with a rare tumor CNS neuroblastoma with FOXR2-activation.Conclusion. Biomarkers have been proposed for the differential diagnosis of small-cell PNET-like tumors of the CNS in children. Due to the molecular identification of this tumor in children, it became clear that such patients, provided that the treatment protocol is adequately followed, have quite satisfactory long-term survival results.
Influence of molecular genetic factors on the prognosis of localized and locally advanced adrenocortical cancer in children
Authors: Temnyy A. S. , Kazantsev A. P.
Published: August 2022

Materials and methods. The study included 18 samples of patients with ACC stages I–III who received treatment from 2003 to 2021. Samples from 6 (33 %) patients with stage I, 5 (28 %) patients with stage II, and 7 (39 %) patients with stage III ACC were analyzed. The average age of patients is 61.6 (12–216) months. Four subgroups of patients were identified: with an isolated mutation in the TP-53 gene, with an isolated mutation in the IGF-2 gene, with simultaneous mutations in the TP-53 and IGF-2 genes and no mutations in the studied genes.Results. In 12 out of 18 (67 %) of the studied samples, mutations in the TP-53 and IGF-2 genes and their combination were detected. A mutation in the TP-53 gene was present in 8 patients, in the IGF-2 gene in 8 patients, and a combination of TP-53 + IGF-2 in 4 patients. The five-year OS and DFS in the groups of patients with mutations in TP-53 and/or IGF-2 were 45.5 % and 41.6 % versus 83.3 % and 83.3 % in the group without mutations (p = 0.15 and p = 0.18, respectively). The five-year overall (OS) and disease-free (DFS) survival in the TP-53 group compared with the group without the mutation was 50 % and 50 % versus 62.2 % and 66.7 % (p = 0.6 and p = 0.5, respectively). The five-year OS and DFS in the IGF-2 group compared with the group without mutation was 14.3 % and 0 % versus 90 % and 90 % (p = 0.001 and p = 0.0009, respectively). The five-year OS and DFS in the group in which the combination of mutations in the TP-53 + IGF-2 genes was present compared with patients without the combination of these mutations was 0 % vs. 75.2 % and 76.9 % (p = 0.002 and p = 0.003, respectively).Conclusion. The presence of a mutated IGF-2 gene is combined with a high Ki-67 index and is a factor in poor prognosis in children with localized forms of ACC. The simultaneous presence of mutations in the TP-53 and IGF-2 genes in the tumor also significantly negatively affects survival rates. Further prospective studies are needed to confirm the data and develop tactics for this group of patients.
Rheumatoid Arthritis: Introduction
Authors: Bhowmik Diptendu , Kola Venu , Rao Chamakuri Subba , Bhattacharjee Chiranjib
Published: August 2022

Rheumatoid Arthritis elaborated as Rheumatoid Arthritis is a systemic
chronic inflammatory condition that might affect numerous organs and tissues in a
human body, but mainly it attacks the synovial joints. These methods result in the
inflammatory synovitis (synovium) response. Factors that lead to an increase in the risk
of rheumatoid arthritis are age, sex, family history, smoking, obesity, and exposure to
pollutants. RA holds the ability to put a person at a higher risk of developing other
medical conditions if it is not controlled timely. A syndrome named carpal tunnel is
another common condition found in people suffering from rheumatoid arthritis.
Trauma, infection, smoking cigarettes are some of the examples of external triggers
which can trigger the reaction of the auto-immune system, which results in chronic
joint inflammation and synovial hypertrophy in addition to a potential of other
manifestations, which will be theorized for going on in people prone genetically. The
pathological process of the disease usually results in destructing the articular cartilage
as well as the joints ankylosis. Rheumatoid Arthritis could also result in diffusive lung
inflammation, sclera, pleura, pericardium, as well as nodular lesions, which are also
common in subcutaneous tissue. However, the causes of RA are still not known, the
autoimmunity holds an important part in both the progression and chronicity.
Rheumatoid Arthritis is a systemic disorder. RA can be prevented by using coldwater,
living fish oil, from the herring, cod, mackerel, and salmon fish, which contains
omega-3 fatty acids in high amounts, Vitamin-D supplements, and adopting the
lifestyle modifications such as avoiding smokingand weight loss.
Conventional Therapy for Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: T. Pawar Anil , M. Baheti Akshay , Adate-More Pallavi , Upaganlawar Aman
Published: August 2022

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic disorder characterized by
inflammation of the synovial membrane of peripheral joints, which may lead to
progressive functional impairment. The small joints of hands and feet commonly
involved in RA often irregularly cause pain, stiffness, and malfunction of the joints.
Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis is a multidisciplinary approach that aims to mitigate
pain and inflammation, restore joint functions, and maintain day-to-day operations. In
realistic terms, inhibition of inflammation is the target of intensive therapy. This could
be frequently achieved with two main classes of medications, namely non-steroidal
anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs
(DMARDs). NSAIDs and glucocorticoids are suggested for use in the preliminary
stages of RA for short-term and symptomatic pain relief. Glucocorticoids are also
recommended in patients awaiting a response to DMARD therapy. DMARDs are
categorized into conventional or biological types. Biologic DMARDs are highly
specific and target a specific pathway of the immune system. This chapter is an attempt
to review the traditional therapies which are used in the management and treatment of
RA.
The body as a translation: the senses and World War II in U vojny ne ženskoe lico, by Svetlana Alexievich
Authors: Savchenkova Margarita
Published: August 2022

: In this paper, we aim to study the human body as a form of translation by unfolding the (non)presence of the senses in two editions of U vojny ne ženskoe lico, one of the most successful “novels of voices” by Nobel Prize-winning author Svetlana Alexievich. First published in 1985, the book gathers testimonies of women who fought in the ranks of the Red Army during World War II. By conducting a comparative analysis of the appearance (and absence) of sensory perceptions in two versions of the text (from 1985 and 2013), we have concluded that the writer makes multiple changes at a microstructural level. The overlapping of the senses in the discursive construction of the most recent version of the book helps Alexievich to translate the horrors of the bloodiest conflict in history, enabling the reader to feel the war through the body of another person.
O tradutor num lugar plural em Vengeance du Traducteur de Brice Mathieussent: entre leitura e (re)escrita
Authors: Sexauer Bárbara
Published: August 2022

O lugar do tradutor em relação ao texto de partida tem sido, por vezes, percecionado como ambíguo e paradoxal, entre a fidelidade dependente e a ativa intervenção da reescrita. Mediante um exercício de close readingdo romance de Brice Mathieussent, Vengeance du Traduteur(2009), no presente artigo discute-se o modo como as duas vertentes do trabalho do tradutor se podem aproximar e complementar, no sentido de uma atenuaçãode fronteiras entre leitura, reescrita e escrita. A nota do tradutor, elemento central do romance, espelha esta dupla dimensão, surgindo como mecanismo de afirmação do tradutor, por um lado, e veículo de distanciamento crítico, por outro. A partir da observação deste espaço (para)textual reflete-se acerca da tradução como concretização deuma leitura individual e da recriação como motor da própria escrita. Conclui-se que o olhar exterior de que parte a tradução pode consistir numa experiência sensível e criativa do leitor-tradutor, motora de um gesto autoral radicado na materialização das possibilidades hermenêuticas da obra literária.
Reviewing translated scales: backtranslation under the spotlight
Authors: Bennett Phillippa May
Published: August 2022

Linguistic validation of patient-reported outcomes is a costly and time-consuming process involving not only professional translators in the forward and backtranslation processes, but also reviewers, clinicians and project managers. Backtranslation, an essential step in this process, is used as a quality-assurance measure to detect any differences in the adaptation of cross-cultural concepts and to draw attention to poorly drafted wording and blatant errors. It is the gold standard for the translation of patient-reported outcomes.The objectives of this paper are to examine and review examples of patient-reported outcomes that underwent the linguistic validation process into Portuguese and analyse them from the perspective of register, cultural adaptation, semantics, associative meaning and localisation/adaptation and to understand how effective backtranslation is at detecting any possible discrepancies.
Análise da tradução portuguesa do Discurso de Ano Novo de 2021 do presidente da China Xi Xinping
Authors: Liu Hanyun
Published: August 2022

Este trabalho debruça-se sobre a tradução portuguesa do Discurso de Ano Novo de 2021 do presidente chinês Xi Jinping.O ano de 2020 foi um ano anormal devido ao aparecimento da pandemia da covid-19, pelo que o resumo desse ano ocupa uma grande parte do discurso de Ano Novo de 2021. O objetivo deste trabalho é perspetivar a construção da força discursiva na tradução portuguesa do Discurso de Ano Novo de 2021 do presidente chinês Xi Jinping, incluindo a análise das opções na tradução que comprometem a equivalência semântico-pragmática, nomeadamente omissão, acrescento, e distorção, assim como as influências resultantes na força ilocutória (Searle, 1969); as modalidades e modalizações (Campos e Xavier, 1991)ocorrentes no texto original, nomeadamente modalização de atenuação e modalização de reforço e, por fim, uma análise quantitativa do corpuscom a ferramenta computacionalde análise de discurso VISL. Este trabalho contribuirá para a análise de discursos políticos chineses e para o estudo da sua tradução entre os pares de línguas Chinês/Português europeu.
Abstracts of the 8th International Conference on Speech Motor Control Groningen, August 2022
Authors: SSTP Redactie
Published: August 2022

This Supplement of ‘Tijdschrift voor Stem-, Spraak- en Taalpathologie’ (Journal of Voice, Speech and Language Pathology) contains the abstracts of the eighth edition of the International Conference on Speech Motor Control, held in Groningen, The Netherlands, August 24 - 27, 2022. With this eighth conference, a well-established Nijmegen (5 editions) - Groningen (6th & 7th edition) tradition continues. This conference, like the ones before, highlights new trends and state-of-the-art approaches in theoretical and applied research in the area of normal and disordered speech motor control. The five years since the previous conference in 2017 have yielded not only further insights in genetic, neural, physiological and developmental aspects of speech production, stuttering and other speech motor conditions, but have also advanced theoretical modelling. Combined with ongoing studies of populations that are increasingly better characterized genetically and neurobiologically, this quantitative boost of interdisciplinary results is now leading to a qualitative turning point in which large data sets are analyzed with powerful artificial intelligence and machine learning algorithms. The implementation of theories into computational models allows for the explicit testing of multifactorial interactions, thereby going beyond the more traditional single-factor experiments. Machine learning and the data sharing required to make this feasible are a special topic of the 2022 conference.
Familia Compositae, Tribu Mutisieae
Authors: Redonda-Martínez Rosario
Published: August 2022

La tribu Mutisieae fue reconocida y descrita por Cassini (1817, 1819), su circunscripción inicial incluyó únicamente especies que tenían flores con corolas bilabiadas y ramas del estilo papilosas, redondeadas en el ápice. Asimismo, propuso una cercana relación de Mutisieae con las Nassauviées (Nassauvieae), Lactucées (Cichorieae) y Carlinées (Cardueae). Años después, Bentham (1873) integró a Nassauvieae en Mutisieae, incrementando con ello el número de subtribus y las características morfológicas para reconocer al grupo, ya que, además de especies con corolas bilabiadas, incluyó diversos taxones con corolas radiadas y tubulares, iniciando así los problemas de circunscripción que acompañaron a esta tribu a lo largo del siglo XX. Cabrera (1977) fue el primero en proponer que Mutisieae era un grupo polifilético debido a la heterogeneidad de los caracteres morfológicos que presentaban sus miembros, la cual, era más evidente en las subtribus Barnadesiinae, Gochnatiinae y Mutisiinae, mientras que en Nassauvieae, la morfología era uniforme y su área de distribución también estaba bien definida, razón por la cual, consideró que dicha subtribu era el único grupo monofilético. En diversos estudios filogenéticos (Cronquist, 1955; Bremer, 1987; Karis et al., 1992), Mutisieae siempre se recuperó como un grupo polifilético y basal en Asteraceae, de ahí que Bremer (1987) y Karis et al. (1992) plantearan la necesidad de segregarlo en grupos más pequeños que solían recuperarse como monofiléticos. Esto se logró finalmente con ayuda de filogenias moleculares (Panero y Funk, 2002, 2008; Funk et al., 2005, 2009b). Actualmente, Mutisieae s.s. se reconoce como un grupo monofilético, relacionado con Nassauvieae y Onoserideae (Panero y Funk, 2008). Diversidad. Tribu con 14 géneros y alrededor de 200 especies a nivel mundial (Katinas et al., 2009). En México se conocen cuatro géneros y 16 especies (Redonda-Martínez, 2018). Para la región de estudio se registran dos géneros y 10 especies. Distribución. Principalmente en Sudamérica, algunos géneros en Centro y Norteamérica, las Antillas, Asia, África y Australia.
The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Health Equity in Oncology: Scoping Review
Authors: Istasy Paul , Lee Wen Shen , Iansavichene Alla , Upshur Ross , Gyawali Bishal , Burkell Jacquelyn , Sadikovic Bekim , Lazo-Langner Alejandro , Chin-Yee Benjamin
Published: August 2022

Background

The field of oncology is at the forefront of advances in artificial intelligence (AI) in health care, providing an opportunity to examine the early integration of these technologies in clinical research and patient care. Hope that AI will revolutionize health care delivery and improve clinical outcomes has been accompanied by concerns about the impact of these technologies on health equity.

Objective

We aimed to conduct a scoping review of the literature to address the question, “What are the current and potential impacts of AI technologies on health equity in oncology?”

Methods

Following PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) guidelines for scoping reviews, we systematically searched MEDLINE and Embase electronic databases from January 2000 to August 2021 for records engaging with key concepts of AI, health equity, and oncology. We included all English-language articles that engaged with the 3 key concepts. Articles were analyzed qualitatively for themes pertaining to the influence of AI on health equity in oncology.

Results

Of the 14,011 records, 133 (0.95%) identified from our review were included. We identified 3 general themes in the literature: the use of AI to reduce health care disparities (58/133, 43.6%), concerns surrounding AI technologies and bias (16/133, 12.1%), and the use of AI to examine biological and social determinants of health (55/133, 41.4%). A total of 3% (4/133) of articles focused on many of these themes.

Conclusions

Our scoping review revealed 3 main themes on the impact of AI on health equity in oncology, which relate to AI’s ability to help address health disparities, its potential to mitigate or exacerbate bias, and its capability to help elucidate determinants of health. Gaps in the literature included a lack of discussion of ethical challenges with the application of AI technologies in low- and middle-income countries, lack of discussion of problems of bias in AI algorithms, and a lack of justification for the use of AI technologies over traditional statistical methods to address specific research questions in oncology. Our review highlights a need to address these gaps to ensure a more equitable integration of AI in cancer research and clinical practice. The limitations of our study include its exploratory nature, its focus on oncology as opposed to all health care sectors, and its analysis of solely English-language articles.
Telepalliation Facilitates a Sense of Security for Patients With Terminal Illnesses
Authors: Sigaard Jarl Voss Andersen , Christensen Hanne Aagaard , Skov Sanne Broch , Petrini Laura , Henneberg Nanna Celina , Nielsen Celine Bejstrup , Dinesen Birthe
Published: August 2022

Background

Each year, an estimated 20 million people worldwide are in need of palliative care. The main diagnosis of people needing palliative care is cancer, followed by cardiovascular disease and chronical obstructive lung disease. The web-based telepalliation program and digital platform (offering video consultation, treatment planning, patient-reported outcomes, chat forum, and information on palliation) was developed through a participatory design process involving patients, their relatives, health care professionals, and researchers.

Objective

This study aimed to pilot-test the telepalliation program during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods

The case study is used as the overall method for the study. The theoretical framework is the Antonovsky “Sense of Coherence” theory. A triangulation of data collection techniques was used: documents (home pages and documents on palliative care) were studied; participant observation was carried out in patients’ homes (n=16 hours); and semistructured qualitative interviews were carried out with 3 women (ages 46-73 years) and 3 men (aged 64-80 years). Of the 6 patients, 4 were diagnosed with cancer and 2 with cardiovascular diseases. The interviews were recorded and analyzed. We followed 7 subjects and conducted 6 interviews; 1 patient dropped out due fatigue.

Results

Patients participating in the telepalliation program articulated their experiences in terms of the following themes: a sense of security; a sense of coherence; a feeling that the telepalliation platform facilitates continuity and better communication with health care professionals across sectors; a sense of easier access to the palliative team; and a feeling that their spouse and family were more integrated into the care process, because they could participate in difficult dialogues with the palliative team via video link.

Conclusions

Preliminary findings indicate that patients participating in a telepalliation program experience a sense of security, coherence in their care process, and integrated care across sectors for the individual patients. Further research is needed on the potential benefits and drawbacks of telepalliation.
Bladder Cancer Recurrence Prediction: Using CT Scans and Convolutional Neural Networks with Transfer Learning (Preprint)
Authors: Liu Xing , Guo Jian , Lu Hao , Liang Kai , Wang Xinlei , Wang Ru , Fu Yufei , Xue Liang , Shi Yibing , Shi Long , Liang Qing , Shi Zhenduo , Han Conghui
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND

Deep convolutional neural networks have been applied to predict bladder cancer recurrence by analysing CT scans. However, such models suffer from a limited number of images collected from hospitals, leading to unstable performance. The size of medical datasets is limited by the complexity and high cost of large-scale studies, making it difficult to obtain rich training data in medical research.

OBJECTIVE

In this study, we aim to investigate 13 mainstream deep convolutional neural networks and build a pipeline of bladder cancer recurrence risk classification using CT scans and pre-trained deep learning convolutional neural networks.

METHODS

A five-year follow-up dataset from 101 patients with bladder cancer was collected from the Department of Urology at Xuzhou Central Hospital, Jiangsu Province, China. The CT scans of each patient were extracted from the dataset and formed an image set of 492 scans. 5-fold cross-validation were used to assess the performance and general error estimation of deep learning models. 13 mainstream deep convolutional neural networks were built to predict bladder cancer's recurrence risk level. Model performance was assessed by accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score and Area Under the Curve (AUC).

RESULTS

The pre-trained VGG16 had the best accuracy of 0.954 compared to the other 12 pre-trained models. The model also had a precision of 0.945, recall of 0.946, and F1-score of 0.943. The AUC for short-term recurrence was 0.978, for medium-term recurrence was 0.981, and for long-term recurrence was 0.975.

CONCLUSIONS

Transfer learning provided a new way to deal with bladder cancer recurrence risk classification with deep learning and small-scale dataset. A pre-trained VGG16 performed the best in predicting the risk of bladder cancer recurrence using CT scans.
La lengua zoque
Authors: Terje Faarlund Jan , Aguilar Gil Yásnaya Elena
Published: August 2022

Los ejemplos y las descripciones que se presentan en este libro provienen sobre todo de las variantes de Ocotepec y de Tapalapa, en donde la lengua zoque parece tener mayor nivel de vitalidad. Este libro se suma a los esfuerzos por preservar la vitalidad de esta lengua. Además de las variedades del Golfo y las variantes de los Chimalapas en Oaxaca, el zoque se habla predominantemente en Chiapas, es la única lengua indígena del estado que no pertenece a la familia lingüística maya.
Chiapas mexicana. La gestación de la frontera entre México y Guatemala durante la primera mitad del siglo XIX
Authors: Vázquez Olivera Mario
Published: August 2022

La incorporación de Chiapas fue fundamental para la conformación territorial de la República Mexicana. En este libro, Mario Vázquez Olivera examina las dinámicas locales y las determinaciones de "alta política" que propiciaron dicho suceso y analiza el periodo inicial de integración a México de aquella antigua provincia del Reino de Guatemala. A la vez, ofrece una visión actual y crítica acerca del conflicto que enfrentó a nuestro país con la República Federal de Centroamérica por la pertenencia de Chiapas y Soconusco, el cual enturbió las relaciones con el vecino país durante las primeras décadas del siglo XIX y afectó profundamente nuestro trato posterior con la República de Guatemala. De este modo el autor vincula distintos campos y niveles de análisis para historiar la gestación de la frontera internacional más importante del sur de México, buscando comprenderla como un proceso prolongado, complejo y vivo, que comprende entendidos, desacuerdos y supuestos políticos y culturales de honda raigambre.
El documental antropológico: una introducción teórico-práctica
Authors: Flores Carlos Y.
Published: August 2022

Este libro se centra en conceptualizar, problematizar y viabilizar la elaboración de documentales dentro del marco de referencia de la discusión antropológica apoyándose en teorías de la comunicación y otros campos disciplinarios afines. De particular importancia serán los debates disciplinarios alrededor del documental enmarcados dentro de las críticas posmoderna, poscolonial y posestructural contemporáneas, que ahora cuestionan y problematizan de manera más profunda y hasta incómoda el encuentro con ese “otro” cultural que la antropología ha representado en su proceso de investigación, textualización y circulación. Bajo estos parámetros de crítica antropológica, el material busca además estimular ideas y ofrecer bases sobre cómo concebir y construir desde lo teórico hasta lo aplicado videos-documentales que funcionen tanto como herramientas eficaces de investigación como de difusión de resultados.