bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The development of an advanced composite structure using evolutionary design methods
Authors:   , Van Wyk David
Published: October 2021

The development of an evolutionary optimisation method and its application to the design of an advanced composite structure is discussed in this study. Composite materials are increasingly being used in various fields, and so optimisation of such structures would be advantageous. From among the various methods available, one particular method, known as Evolutionary Structural Optimisation (ESO), is shown here. ESO is an empirical method, based on the concept of removing and adding material from a structure, in order to create an optimum shape. The objective of the research is to create an ESO method, utilising MSC.Patran/Nastran, to optimise composite structures. The creation of the ESO algorithm is shown, and the results of the development of the ESO algorithm are presented. A tailfin of an aircraft was used as an application example. The aim was to reduce weight and create an optimised design for manufacture. The criterion for the analyses undertaken was stress based. Two models of the tailfin are used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the developed ESO algorithm. The results of this research are presented in the study.
The effect of biomass acclimation on the co-digestion of toxic organic effluents in anaerobic digesters
Authors:   , Chamane Ziphathele
Published: October 2021

Currently KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) province is populated with textile industry, which produces wastewater, some of which is not biodegradable. Due to the stringent environmental regulations the wastewater cannot be discharged into the rivers or public owned treatment systems. The alternative solution is to co-dispose this wastewater with easily biodegradable waste (labile effluent). The aim of this investigation was to develop a process protocol for the codigestion of high strength and toxic organic effluents under mesophilic conditions (35°C ± 2°C), with emphasis on the effect of biomass acclimation. A total of four effluents were chosen for this study, two labile (distillery and size) and two recalcitrant (scour dye and reactive dye). Two anaerobic batch experiments and two pilot scale trials were performed. The first batch anaerobic experiment investigated the influence of biomass source in anaerobic treatability. The second batch test investigated, whether biomass acclimation enhanced the biodegradability of pollutants. The pilot scale trials were the scale up version of the biomass acclimation test. The results showed sludge from Umbilo Wastewater Treatment Works was a superior biomass source, producing more gas and methane compared to Mpumalanga waste. For the high strength organic waste, the acclimated size and distillery samples produced 50% more biogas and methane compared to non-acclimated samples. This confirms that the biomass acclimation enhances the biodegradability. The biomass acclimation did not enhance the biodegradability of the recalcitrant effluent (scour dye). The pilot scale trials did not yield meaningful data; therefore it could not be proven if acclimation works on a larger scale.
КАЧЕСТВЕННЫЕ ПОКАЗАТЕЛИ ЛЬНА МАСЛИЧНОГО СОРТОВ КИТАЙСКОЙ СЕЛЕКЦИИ В УСЛОВИЯХ СУХОСТЕПНОЙ ЗОНЫ СЕВЕРНОГО КАЗАХСТАНА
Authors: Baitelenova Aliya
Published: October 2021

Несмотря на увеличение производства льна в мире, в том числе в Казахстане, посевные площади которого достигли 1,5 млн. га, по данным Национального бюро статистики РК, развитие масложировой отрасли на невысоком уровне, так как потенциал данной культуры не используется в полной мере, что относится к проблеме мирового масштаба, а особенно остро - в нашей стране. Для решения данной проблемы учеными КАТУ им. С.Сейфуллина (Казахстан) и Института технических культур (КНР) проводятся полевые и лабораторные исследования льна сортов китайской селекции в условиях Северного Казахстана, с целью определения возможностей качественных показателей сортов льна в представленных условиях. Исследования проведены в соответствии с методикой полевых опытов, и ГОСТами, в условиях лаборатории. По результатам исследований 2019, 2020 гг.урожайность семян льна 8 сортов составила от 9,4 ц/га до 14 ц/га и от 11,4 ц/га до 21,7 ц/га, по годам соответственно. Наибольший урожай растительного масла получен на вариантах UF02 и Костанайский янтарь. Содержание сырого протеина в семенах льна составило от 24,59 до 31,49%. В различные фазы вегетации сорта льна различались высотой, в фазе цветения высота растений по стандарту составляла 30,7 см, а сорта китайской селекции превышали высоту растений на 5,3- 28,3 см, что обуславливает высокую урожайность стебля. Полученные за два года результаты исследований являются оправданными, несмотря на засушливость исследуемых годов. Использование производственных компаний, занимающихся выращиванием льна, данной культуры для получения как волокна, так и семян, может снизить затраты и эффективно увеличить экономическую выгоду от производства льна, соответственно исследование необходимо продолжать, для получения более глубоких результатов.
Perilaku Hidup Bersih Dan Sehat dalam Mewujudkan Sekolah Ramah Anak di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Fathonah Windi Putri , Minsih
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan implementasi PHBS dalam mewujudkan sekolah ramah anak di SD Muhammadiyah 16 Surakarta. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan model desain fenomenologis. Informan penelitian ini antara lain kepala sekolah, guru, orang tua peserta didik dan peserta didik. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah wawancara dan dokumentasi. Analisis data dilakukan dengan tahap-tahap reduksi data, menyajikan data dan menarik kesimpulan. Data yang telah diperoleh di lapangan dirangkum lalu data dikelompokkan dan membuat kesimpulan berdasarkan data yang sudah diperoleh. Keabsahan data penelitian ini menggunakan triangulasi sumber dan triangulasi teknik. Dari hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) pelaksanaan PHBS di SD Muhammadiyah 16 Surakarta sudah berjalan dengan baik, antara lain mencuci tangan dengan air mengalir dan menggunakan sabun, mengonsumsi jajanan sehat dikantin sekolah, menimbang berat badan dan mengukur tinggi badan, pserta peran guru dalam menerapkan PHBS dalam ujud pemberian pengetahuan tentang PHBS dengan diintegraskan dalam pembelajaran sehari-hari di kelas. 2) hambatan dalam menerapkan PHBS di SD Muhammadiyah dipengaruhi oleh dua faktor, yaitu faktor internal dan faktor eksternal.
Urinary tract infections and microbiota
Authors: Malaeva E. G.
Published: October 2021

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are of considerable practical interest due to their high prevalence, presence of complications in the form of generalized infection with the development of sepsis, relapsing course, negative effects on the mother and fetus in pregnant women associated with the intensive use of antibacterial drugs leading to the development of Clostridioides diffcile-associated colitis and antibiotic resistance. The approaches to the treatment of urinary tract infections are undergoing changes. If earlier it was believed that urine is sterile and the detection of bacteriuria led to an unjustifed prescription of antibiotics, then now the introduction of new methods of urine testing has proved the opposite — asymptomatic bacteriuria is a fraction of the microbiota which normally inhabits the urinary tract and performs a protective role. New knowledge has led to an understanding of the negative impact of antibacterial drugs on the composition and the species diversity of the microorganisms of the urinary tract, genital tract, intestines, rethinking of approaches and indications for their prescription and search for alternative methods of patient treatment by modifying the diet, prescribing pre-, pro-, synbiotics, synthetic microbiota, vaccines, bacteriophages, microbiome transplantation.
Experience of using modern genomic technologies to study microorganisms and their communities
Authors: Voropaev E. V. , Stoma I. O. , Tapalski D. V.
Published: October 2021

Objective. The aim of this work was to review the main results of genomic studies of microorganisms and their communities performed on the base of the Research Laboratory of Gomel State Medical University.

Materials and methods. Genomic, transcriptomic and metagenomic analysis of the microorganisms of the stomach and respiratory tract.

Results. The capabilities of modern next-generation sequencing platforms have been analyzed, and the authors` own results of the use of genomic, transcriptomic and metagenomic analysis of the microbiota in patients with various gastric and respiratory pathologies have been described.

Conclusion. The analysis of the obtained data has revealed peculiarities of the structure of the microbial communities of the stomach of the patients infected with H. pylori with different gastric pathology: the proportion participation of H. pylori in the metagenome of the samples with different forms of gastric cancer did not exceed 25 %, of gastritis — 6 %, of peptic ulcer — 1 %. At the same time, the minimal amount of H. pylori in all the cases could reach 0.1 %. A signifcant degree of CagA and CagY loci variability of H. pylori was detected. Streptoccocus genus bacteria dominated (36 %) in the bacterial microbiome of a patient diagnosed with the coronavirus disease, and in the viral microbiome, SARS-CoV-2 constituted 59 % of the total number of viruses in the material. The analysis of 13 strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae with multiple and extreme resistance to antibiotics has found that the studied strains belong to fve MLST-types, three of which are classifed as high epidemic risk groups.
Synthesis of substituted pyridine based sulphonamides as an antidiabetic agent
Authors: Sadawarte Gautam , Jagatap Samadhan , Patil Mukesh , Jagrut Vasant , Rajput Jamatsing Darbarsing
Published: September 2021

This research work describes the synthesis of a new series of heterocyclic compounds, namely sulfonamide derivatives. Sulfonamides are a diverse class of organic compounds having significant and potent biological activities. Diverse synthetic methods have been engaged to build up its various derivatives for different biological functions. In this study, the production of novel pyridine-based heterocyclic compounds having sulfonamide moieties has been elaborated. The obtained sulfonamide-based pyridine scaffold was used to investigate their alpha-amylase inhibition activity. The structures of freshly prepared compounds were described using 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and IR spectroscopic techniques. The molecular docking of sulfonamides performed against porcine pancreatic alpha-amylase using PDB file 1LP was used for generation of grid. All the new synthesized compounds were shown notable anti-diabetic activity.
Synthesis, crystal structure elucidation, Hirshfeld surface analysis, 3D energy frameworks and DFT studies of 2-(4-fluorophenoxy) acetic acid
Authors: Prabhuswamy Akhileshwari , Mohammed Yasser Hussein Eissa , Al-Ostoot Fares Hezam , Venkatesh Geetha Doddanahalli , Anandalwar Sridhar Mandayam , Khanum Shaukath Ara , Krishnappagowda Lokanath Neratur
Published: September 2021

The compound 2-(4-fluorophenoxy) acetic acid was synthesized by refluxing, 4-fluoro-phenol as a starting material with ethyl chloroacetate in acetone as solvent. The compound crystallizes in the monoclinic crystal system with the space group P21/c. Crystal data for C8H7FO3, a = 13.3087(17) Å, b = 4.9912(6) Å, c = 11.6018(15) Å, β = 104.171(4)°, V = 747.21(16) Å3, Z = 4, T = 293(2) K, μ(CuKα) = 1.142 mm-1, Dcalc = 1.512 g/cm3, 8759 reflections measured (13.72° ≤ 2Θ ≤ 130.62°), 1246 unique (Rint = 0.0528) which were used in all calculations. The final R1 was 0.0458 (>2sigma(I)) and wR2 was 0.1313 (all data). The structure was stabilized by C-H···O and C-H···Cg interactions. The intermolecular interactions in the crystal were studied using Hirshfeld surface analysis. 3D energy frameworks were computed to visualize the packing modes. DFT calculations were performed. The FMOs were studied to estimate the kinetic stability and reactivity of the molecule. The MEP surface was generated to investigate the charge distribution and chemical reactive sites in the molecule.
Pharmaceutical organic salt: Disordered crystal structure of levofloxacin with γ-resorcylic acid
Authors: Mashhadi Syed Muddassir Ali , Tahir Muhammad Nawaz , Apperley David , Bhatti Moazzam Hussain , Ashfaq Muhammad , Yunus Uzma
Published: September 2021

This study reports an organic salt prepared from an antibacterial drug, levofloxacin and antioxidant γ-resorcylic acid. A simple preparation method leads to a crystal with disordered structure. The idea is to prepare an organic salt comprising of pharmaceutically acceptable acidic and basic components. The salt is characterised by IR, solid state NMR, and single crystal XRD. Crystal data for C25H26N3O8F: triclinic, space group P-1 (no. 2), a = 7.0037(8) Å, b = 12.764(3) Å, c = 13.909(3) Å, α = 104.821(4)°, β = 92.039(4)°, γ = 95.334(4)°, V = 1194.6(4) Å3, Z = 2, T = 296(2) K, μ(MoKα) = 0.113 mm-1, Dcalc = 1.433 g/cm3, 16879 reflections measured (5.048° ≤ 2Θ ≤ 54.186°), 5139 unique (Rint = 0.0663, Rsigma = 0.0975) which were used in all calculations. The final R1 was 0.1121 (I>2σ(I)) and wR2 was 0.2505 (all data). SC-XRD analysis shows that the crystal packing is stabilized by strong H-bonding of type N-H···O and comparatively weak interactions of type C-H···O, C-H···π and off-set π···π stacking.
A review on polymer nanocomposite hydrogel preparation, characterization, and applications
Authors: Azady Md. Arif Roman , Ahmed Sony , Islam Md. Shafiul
Published: September 2021

Nanocomposite hydrogels, made by incorporating nanoparticles into a hydrogel matrix, have been developed to fulfill the need for materials with enhanced and predictable mechanical properties and functionality. This review breaks down the process of preparing and characterizing nanocomposite hydrogels and looks at the various applications they can be used for. Through careful selection of the nanoparticle and hydrogel types, as well as the preparation method, the degree of crosslinking and the strength of the intermolecular interactions between the nanoparticles and the hydrogel matrix can be controlled. Once the nanomaterial is prepared, the morphology, gel content, thermal stability, and mechanical properties are investigated. By varying the concentrations of nanoparticles within the hydrogel matrix, nanocomposite hydrogels with optimal functionality and mechanical properties are produced. The optimized nanomaterial can then be used for its intended application(s); here the focus is on applications in the biomedical and dye adsorption fields. With further research, it is predicted that nanocomposite hydrogels will fulfill their potential to be used in practical, everyday applications.
HYBRID MOLECULES BASED ON ALKALOIDS
Authors:   Doctor  of  chemical  sciences,  Professor, Nurkenov O.A. ,   е-mail: nurkenov_oral@mail.ru,   ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1878-2787, Fazylov S.D. ,   LLC “Institute of Organic Synthesis and Coal Chemistry”, Karagandy, Kazakhstan, Mukusheva G.K. ,   Candidate  of  chemical  sciences,      Associated      Professor;      е-mail: mukusheva1977@list.ru; ORCID      ID:      https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6706-4816, Minayeva Ye.V. ,   Candidate      of      chemical      sciences,      е-mail: yelenaminayeva@yandex.ru; ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9382-5965, Kulakov I.V. ,   FSAEI of HE “Tyumen State University”, Russia, Nurmaganbetov Zh.S. ,   LLC “Institute of Organic Synthesis and Coal Chemistry”, Karagandy, Kazakhstan, Kishkentaeva A.S. ,   LLC “Institute of Organic Synthesis and Coal Chemistry”, Karagandy, Kazakhstan, Zhasymbekova A.R. ,   PhD student, е-mail: aigera-93-93@mail.ru; ORCID ID:https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1272-9096
Published: October 2021

This review has been summarized the data on the synthesis of new hybrid derivatives based on alkaloid molecules. At the same time, there have been analyzed methods for obtaining hybrid structures containing fragments of natural compounds molecules in combination with other biologically active plant metabolites, as leading compounds for the development of new pharmacologically valuable agents, with the aim of creating new original drugs. The combination of pharmacophoric residues in one molecule, namely various aromatic and heterocyclic substituents in the nucleoside position of natural alkaloids, opens up new possibilities for both the subsequent chemical modification of the polyfunctional derivatives obtained and their new diverse biological activity. Effective methods of synthesis have been developed on the basis of directed transformations of these compounds (or their precursors). A wide range of pharmaco-logical properties of combined compounds of these series with a combination of low toxicity is promising. Considering that the preparation of combined derivatives based on alkaloid molecules has been insufficiently studied, the targeted synthesis of new com-pounds is of interest both in terms of new medicinespreparation and the development of new methods of organic synthesis, as well as the molecules stereochemistry determination of a new series of compounds.
INTERNAL AUDIT AND QUALITY OF FINANCIAL REPORTING IN THE PUBLIC SECTOR: THE CASE OF UNIVERSITY FOR DEVELOPMENT STUDIES
Authors: Abdulai Iddrisu , Salakpi Andrew , Nassè Dr. Théophile Bindeouè
Published: September 2021

Many corporate failures have occurred over the years as a result of poor financial reporting practices that have eluded investors and other consumers of financial data. The research used the University for Development Studies (UDS) as a case study. The study focused on three main goals: identifying emerging determinants of quality financial reporting, examining the efficacy and adequacy of UDS's internal control structure, and determining how much Internal Audit contributes to quality financial reporting. The research used a descriptive survey template and a sample size of 70 people who were chosen using purposive and stratified sampling techniques. To achieve objectives one and two, the analysis used binary regression, while to achieve objective three, the Best (2005) index was updated and used. Financial reporting accuracy, a computerized accounting system, and personnel competence were found to be determinants of quality financial reporting in the study. It was discovered that UDS' internal control system is ineffective since two of the five main components that make up an efficient internal control system, namely control environment and information and communication, are not properly implemented. The study found that UDS' internal audit reflects an average level of fraud prevention in terms of the robustness of auditing processes and fraud prevention indicators, with the remaining indicators indicating a high level of fraud prevention. Overall, UDS' internal auditing reveals a high degree of prevention. The University for Development Studies (UDS) should analyze, define, and enforce control setting, information, and communication components of the internal control system that are appropriate for their work processes, as well as enhance the existing components, according to the report.

Keywords: Internal Audit, Financial Reporting, Public Sector, Ghana.
The Accompaniment for the Making of Antiseptic Soap, Hand Sanitizers using Natural Ingredients of Lemongrass, Cymbopogon Citrates, as an Effort to Prevent COVID-19 Virus at Taklim Assembly “Active Tamaddun Community”, Palembang
Authors: Mariana  , Eddy Roflin  , Pariyana  , Aufa Muhammad Nadhif  , Stella Yosephine Ribka  , Tania Ayu M
Published: October 2021

During this pandemic, many people are looking for antiseptics to prevent the transmission and spread of Covid-19. WHO has issued guidelines for the producing Hand-Sanitizers using ingredients, such as ethanol or isopropyl alcohol, however, the continuous use of hand sanitizers that contain alcohol and triclosan can cause irritation. Efforts that can be made to reduce the use of alcohol and triclosan in the production of hand sanitizers are to use natural ingredients. One of the natural ingredients that can be used is lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus). The flavonoid content in lemongrass function as antibacterial by forming complex compounds with extracellular proteins. This community service activity aims to provide training on skills in making antiseptic soap and handsanitiser with lemongrass as an effort to prevent and maintain sanitation to stay healthy in the face of adaptations to new habits during the COVID-19 pandemic.
A Review of Regression Models in Machine Learning
Authors: Kumar Sunil , Bhatnagar Vaibhav
Published: October 2021

Machine learning is one of the active fields and technologies to realize artificial intelligence (AI). The complexity of machine learning algorithms creates problems to predict the best algorithm. There are many complex algorithms in machine learning (ML) to determine the appropriate method for finding regression trends, thereby establishing the correlation association in the middle of variables is very difficult, we are going to review different types of regressions used in Machine Learning. There are mainly six types of regression model Linear, Logistic, Polynomial, Ridge, Bayesian Linear and Lasso. This paper overview the above-mentioned regression model and will try to find the comparison and suitability for Machine Learning. A data analysis prerequisite to launch an association amongst the innumerable considerations in a data set, association is essential for forecast and exploration of data. Regression Analysis is such a procedure to establish association among the datasets. The effort on this paper predominantly emphases on the diverse regression analysis model, how they binning to custom in context of different data sets in machine learning. Selection the accurate model for exploration is the most challenging assignment and hence, these models considered thoroughly in this study. In machine learning by these models in the perfect way and thru accurate data set, data exploration and forecast can provide the maximum exact outcomes.
O PAPEL E OS DESAFIOS DO COORDENADOR PEDAGÓGICO NO COTIDIANO ESCOLAR: UMA ANÁLISE NA REDE PÚBLICA
Authors: Holanda Vania Marinho , Pordeus Marcel Pereira
Published: October 2021

: Este trabalho aglutina de forma sucinta minha pesquisa de mestrado em Educação. Para tanto, foi embasado com as asseverações de pesquisadores em gestão escolar e políticas públicas educacionais, haja vista discutir alguns desafios enfrentados pelo coordenador pedagógico no cotidiano da escola pública atual e tem como objetivo, refletir e estimular a discussão acerca desses obstáculos, os quais o distanciam do seu foco que é a formação continuada dos docentes na escola. A metodologia usada no desenvolvimento deste estudo foi a pesquisa bibliográficae detalhada em livros, artigos científicos publicados em sites na internet e fontes legais que são diretrizes para a educação nacional.  Realizou-se a coleta de dados a partir de um resumo de cada fonte utilizada e a seguir, foi feita uma releitura das obras, respeitando o entendimento de cada autor. Diante do exposto, pôde-se concluir que o coordenador deve ser o profissional mais qualificado para a realização da formação continuada no ambiente escolar, embora, seja consciente de que ainda é preciso aprender a lidar com os muitos desafios que ocorrem na função, o que pode ser minimizado através da ajuda imprescindível do núcleo gestor e dos demais funcionários da escola.
Measurement report: Receptor modeling for source identification of urban fine and coarse particulate matter using hourly elemental composition
Authors: Reizer Magdalena , Calzolai Giulia , Maciejewska Katarzyna , Orza José A. G. , Carraresi Luca , Lucarelli Franco , Juda-Rezler Katarzyna
Published: September 2021

Abstract. The elemental composition of the fine (PM2.5) and coarse
(PM2.5−10) fraction of atmospheric particulate matter was measured at an hourly time resolution by the use of a streaker sampler during a winter
period at a Central European urban background site in Warsaw, Poland. A
combination of multivariate (Positive Matrix Factorization) and wind-
(Conditional Probability Function) and trajectory-based (Cluster Analysis)
receptor models was applied for source apportionment. It allowed for the
identification of five similar sources in both fractions, including sulfates, soil dust, road salt, and traffic- and industry-related sources. Another two sources, i.e., Cl-rich and wood and coal combustion, were solely identified in the fine fraction. In the fine fraction, aged sulfate aerosol related to emissions from domestic solid fuel combustion in the outskirts of the city was the largest contributing source to fine elemental mass (44 %), while traffic-related sources, including soil dust mixed with road dust, road dust, and traffic emissions, had the biggest contribution to the coarse elemental mass (together accounting for 83 %). Regional transport of aged aerosols and more local impact of the rest of the identified sources played a crucial role in aerosol formation over the city. In addition, two intensive Saharan dust outbreaks were registered on 18 February and 8 March 2016. Both episodes were characterized by the long-range transport of dust at 1500 and 3000 m over Warsaw and the concentrations of the soil component being 7 (up to 3.5 µg m−3) and 6 (up to 6.1 µg m−3) times higher than the mean concentrations observed during non-episodes days (0.5 and 1.1 µg m−3) in the fine and coarse fractions, respectively. The set of receptor models applied to the high time resolution data allowed us to follow, in detail, the daily evolution of the aerosol elemental composition and to identify distinct sources contributing to the concentrations of the different PM fractions, and it revealed the multi-faceted nature of some elements with diverse origins in the fine and coarse fractions. The hourly resolution of meteorological conditions and air mass back trajectories allowed us to follow the transport pathways of the aerosol as well.
Clustering diurnal cycles of day-to-day temperature change to understand their impacts on air quality forecasting in mountain-basin areas
Authors: Kong Debing , Ning Guicai , Wang Shigong , Cong Jing , Luo Ming , Ni Xiang , Ma Mingguo
Published: September 2021

Abstract. Air pollution is substantially modulated by
meteorological conditions, and especially their diurnal variations may play
a key role in air quality evolution. However, the behaviors of temperature
diurnal cycles along with the associated atmospheric condition and their
effects on air quality in China remain poorly understood. Here, for the
first time, we examine the diurnal cycles of day-to-day temperature change
and reveal their impacts on winter air quality forecasting in mountain-basin
areas. Three different diurnal cycles of the preceding day-to-day
temperature change are identified and exhibit notably distinct effects on
the day-to-day changes in atmospheric-dispersion conditions and air quality.
The diurnal cycle with increasing temperature obviously enhances the
atmospheric stability in the lower troposphere and suppresses the
development of the planetary boundary layer, thus deteriorating the air
quality on the following day. By contrast, the diurnal cycle with decreasing
temperature in the morning is accompanied by a worse dispersion condition
with more stable atmosphere stratification and weaker surface wind speed,
thereby substantially worsening the air quality. Conversely, the diurnal
cycle with decreasing temperature in the afternoon seems to improve air
quality on the following day by enhancing the atmospheric-dispersion
conditions on the following day. The findings reported here are critical to
improve the understanding of air pollution in mountain-basin areas and
exhibit promising potential for air quality forecasting.
Review article. Factors leading to the occurrence of flood fatalities: a systematic review of research papers published between 2010 and 2020
Authors: Petrucci Olga
Published: September 2021

Abstract. Floods kill several people every year in both developed and developing countries. The transfer of research findings from the academic community to practitioners, policy-makers and citizens may reduce the impact of floods on mortality. This systematic review analyzes 44 scientific articles extracted from WOS and SCOPUS databases written in English, published between 2010 and 2020, and focuses on flood fatalities. The first main finding of this review is the classification of drivers of flood mortality into two groups: the first group relates to the environment and the second group relates to the victims. The second main finding is the identification of strategies to practically cope with the identified drivers of flood fatalities. The main lacks of the review concern: a) the unavailability of papers based on flood fatality occurrence in developing countries and b) the absence of data focusing on people who have survived floods. This review amplifies useful findings, best practices, and lessons learned that can be useful for administrators, risk managers, and teachers of primary and secondary schools to mitigate the impact of future floods on human life.
A climatology of sub-seasonal temporal clustering of extreme precipitation in Switzerland and its links to extreme discharge
Authors: Tuel Alexandre , Martius Olivia
Published: October 2021

Abstract. The successive occurrence of extreme precipitation events on sub-seasonal timescales can lead to large precipitation accumulations and extreme river discharge. In this study, we analyze the sub-seasonal clustering of precipitation extremes in Switzerland and its link to the occurrence and duration of extreme river discharge. We take a statistical approach based on Ripley's K function to characterize the significance of the clustering for each season separately. Temporal clustering of precipitation extremes exhibits a distinct spatiotemporal pattern. It occurs primarily on the northern side of the Alps in winter and on their southern side in fall. Cluster periods notably account for 10 %–16 % of seasonal precipitation in these two regions. The occurrence of a cluster of precipitation extremes generally increases the likelihood and duration of high-discharge events compared to non-clustered precipitation extremes, particularly at low elevations. It is less true in winter, when the magnitude of precipitation extremes is generally lower and much of the precipitation falls as snow. In fall, however, temporal clusters associated with large precipitation accumulations over the southern Alps are found to be almost systematically followed by extreme discharge.
RANS modelling of a single wind turbine wake in the unstable surface layer
Authors: Baungaard Mads , van der Laan Maarten Paul , Kelly Mark
Published: October 2021

Abstract. Unstable atmospheric conditions are often observed during the daytime over land and for significant periods offshore, and are hence relevant for wake studies. A simple k-ε RANS turbulence model for simulation of wind turbine wakes in the unstable surface layer is presented, which is based on Monin-Obukhov similarity theory (MOST). The turbulence model parametrizes buoyant production of turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) without the use of an active temperature equation, and flow balance is ensured throughout the domain by modifications of the turbulence transport equations. Large eddy simulations and experimental data from the literature are used for validation of the model.
ДОКТРИНАЛЬНІ ПІДХОДИ ДО ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ ФУНКЦІЙ ПРЕЗИДЕНТА РЕСПУБЛІКИ ПОЛЬЩА
Authors: Марчук Микола Іванович
Published: October 2021

Стаття присвячена дослідженню основних підходів до визначення функцій Президента у польській конституційній доктрині. Констатується багатовимірність та системна неузго- дженість наукових поглядів польських конституціоналістів та політичних діячів як на саме розуміння поняття «функції», так і на їх змістовне наповнення. Досліджується співвідношен- ня понять «функції» Президента Республіки Польща як конкретні напрями його діяльності, «цілі та цінності», захисту й реалізації яких Президент повинен приділити особливу ува- гу, «завдання та повноваження» Президента тощо. На підставі системного аналізу чинного законодавства, теоретичних наукових джерел та матеріалів практики Конституційного Три- буналу доводиться логічність та виправданість доктринального використання саме терміну «функції Президента Республіки Польща». Встановлено, що з огляду на особливості свого конституційно-правового статусу Прези- дент Республіки Польща не є органом stricte, наділеним функціями, характерними для вико- навчої влади. Його повноваження проникають також до сфер як законодавчої, так і судової влади. До числа основних функцій Президента Республіки Польща автором віднесено такі: функцію найвищого представника Республіки Польща; функцію гаранта неперервності дер- жавної влади; функцію нагляду за дотриманням Конституції (функція «хранителя Конститу- ції»); функцію «охоронця» суверенітету й безпеки Польської держави, а також недоторкан- ності та неподільності її території. Наголошується, що здійснення визначених у ч. 1 та 2 ст. 126 Конституції Республіки функцій, покладених на Президента, може відбуватися лише за допомогою повноважень, передбачених у конкретних нормах Конституції та законів. Водночас піднімається питан- ня нормативної повноти Конституції як правової основи діяльності Президента Республіки Польща та зазначається потреба приведення наявного конституційно-правового регулюван- ня функцій Президента Республіки Польща у цілковиту відповідність до загального систем- ного принципу легалізму діяльності органів державної влади.
Nonfiction now: a (non)introduction
Authors: Carlin David , Rendle-Short Francesca
Published: October 2021

This essay seeks to explore the tensions in the paradoxical location of ‘non-fiction’ — or

the de-hyphenated ‘nonfiction’, as we prefer — as a literary/artistic category, one that is

built upon a negation. The opposition set up in the term by the operation of the ‘non’ upon

the ‘fiction’ suggests a steadfast binary. However the friction between the two sides of this

binary, and the inherent resistance embodied in the close proximity and conjoining of the

two parts, accounts for much of the energy and interest in contemporary nonfiction writing.

Here we bring together etymologies and theoretical topographies to problematize the

intriguing situation of ‘nonfiction now’.
Essaying the picture
Authors: Carlin David
Published: October 2021

This work attempts to self-reflexively apply the method of ‘childlike freedom’ (Adorno

1984: 152) inherent in the post-Montaigne tradition of the essay, to an exploration of the

vicissitudes of ‘picturing’. Picturing, particularly since the advent of photographic

technologies, is often associated with apparently verifiable representations of the material

world, and yet there has long been a fascination with the interplay between picturing and

the imagination suggested by the very word image. This essay braids memoirist scenes and

images from contemporary popular culture with vignettes from the early Spiritualist

tendencies within the history of photography. It traces the erotics and the mysteries to be

found in the overlapping margins between vision, memory and fantasy when essaying the

picture.
The magistrate and Mr Moore: story-telling, narrative forensics and a judge’s experience of sentencing
Authors: Rossmanith Kate
Published: October 2021

This article tells the story of ‘The magistrate and Mr Moore’, a true account of an

Australian magistrate’s experience of sentencing a man for drink driving, and then

considers the significance of this story to the fields of socio-legal studies and narrative

inquiry. Firstly, it explores how an ethnographic research approach – a sort of

immersion journalism – is a productive methodology to access the under-researched

area of judges’ experiences of sentencing people. Secondly, based on interviews with

judges and magistrates in the criminal justice system in New South Wales, as well as,

in some cases, observations of their working lives, the article explores the ways in

which the judicial act of sentencing in part involves a curious (and vexed) approach to

legal narrative.
The kibitzing archive
Authors: Doyle Peter
Published: October 2021

This essay investigates how nonfiction authors use archives. Whereas scholarly

historians adhere to broadly agreed-upon research procedures, and generally work

within the context of extant debates and existing, or new, research questions, writers (as

well as artists and museum curators) more likely enter archives relatively ‘agenda-free’.

This essay draws on the author’s experiences working with the Forensic Photography

Archive (Justice and Police Museum, Sydney), and the personal papers of journalist-musician Merv Acheson and policeman Brian K. Doyle. It charts the ‘value-adding’

process whereby the writer-researcher examines archive material at sufficient depth,

and for sufficient time, to order raw archival material into groupings and sequences.

These, with the necessary background research, might become finished, published

narratives. Working with two smaller archives, however, the author finds that the

processes of surveying, reflecting and background-researching are somewhat thwarted

by the residual ‘authorial’ presences of the original compilers. The Acheson and the

Doyle archives, although seemingly random collections, prove to be the outcome of

careful selection. Both compilers were adept narrators, and their personal papers, rather

than being raw material, might be considered ‘voiced’ and, in a sense, already authored.
On nonfiction and consequence
Authors: Borich Barrie Jean
Published: October 2021

This essay examines contemporary creative nonfiction literature’s relationship to

actuality, arguing that the actual is as much character as subject in nonfiction literature,

a referent necessary to complete the meaning of the work. I define literary nonfiction as

a shadowy interpretive realm reliant on the symbiotic relationship between actuality

and text. This definition allows room for the composition of emotional truths but also

raises questions about the cultural meanings ascribed to, and cultural problems arising

from, the narration of crisis memoirs and the public interpretation of the literature of

witness. I draw on the thinking of Roland Barthes, John D’Agata, Philip Gerard, Vivian

Gornick, Patricia Hampl, Pam Houston, David Lazar, Alyce Miller, David Shields and

Susan Sontag, and examine controversies surrounding the work of James Frey and

Benjamin Wilkomerski.
Starving, bingeing and writing: reading and writing memoirs of eating disorder
Authors: Brien Donna Lee
Published: October 2021

Memoirs of eating disorders have attracted considerable popular, critical and scholarly

attention as a sub-genre of life writing. These memoirs have also been noted by, and

incorporated into, the medical and psychological discourse on eating disorder. Rarely,

if ever, however, have these memoirs been read, categorised or discussed as a sub-

genre of food writing. In so doing, this article proposes that while many personal

memoirs of disordered eating concentrate both on gastronomic/culinary and personal

matters (like the food memoir), many also narrate a concern with the act of writing, the

author’s motivation towards producing this unique group of texts, and their intended

consumers. Surveying the eating disorder memoir in this way, and investigating its

history, themes, tropes and prominent metaphors, contributes to our understanding of

both memoir and food writing as nonfiction genres.
Le facies di letum: riflessioni sull’uso di letum dal lessico poetico al suo utilizzo in prosa
Authors: Di Meglio Alessandra
Published: October 2021

Il contributo indaga le occorrenze del termine letum - in poesia e con un accennao alla prosa latina - e analizza e distingue i suoi usi in: letum causato da un'arma, letum da veleno, letum per suicidio. Le fonti indicano che il termine ricorre in passaggi in cui gli autori descrivono un particolare tipo di morte: sanguinolenta, letale, dovuta a lacerazione o contaminazione di punti vitali del corpo, come il collo, le viscere, il torace. Dall’uso e dalle ricorrenze del termine sembra che letum sia connesso a una particolare condizione psicologica, di timor mortis, di furor, di odio o di invidia e che abbia lasciato tracce nell’immaginario collettivo romano per esprimere un tipo di morte terribile e ignobile il cui solo termine, anche a distanza di tempo, è sufficiente ad evocarla.
L’eco nell’ecl. 6 : divagazioni su un motivo virgiliano
Authors: Gagliardi Paola
Published: October 2021

Le occorrenze del tema dell’eco nell’ecl. 6 presentano caratteristiche diverse da tutte le altre presenze del tema nelle Bucoliche. Relative a vicende mitiche e trattate con particolare cura formale dal poeta, sembrano riconducibili per diverse vie e diversi aspetti alla poesia di Gallo e ad un àmbito di raffinata imitazione callimachea. Pur nella loro singolarità, esse rientrano però nel disegno complessivo dell’opera e creano interessanti rapporti di corrispondenza con il trattamento dell’eco nelle altre ecloghe
Beta 3 Adrenoreceptor Agonist for the Management of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms in Men With Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: A Systematic Review
Authors: Kang Tae Wook , Kim Su Jin , Kim Myung Ha , Jung Jae Hung
Published: September 2021

Beta-3 adrenoceptor (B3AR) agonist which mediate detrusor relaxation has been tried as a new treatment modality for men with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). However, it remains unclear whether the B3AR agonist has more clinical benefits and fewer adverse effects in men with BPH than in women. We performed a comprehensive search using multiple databases, trials registries, other sources of grey literature, and conference proceedings regardless of language or publication status and included randomized controlled trials. Two review authors independently screened the literature, extracted data, and assessed risk of bias. We performed statistical analyses using a random-effects model and interpreted them according to the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. Primary outcomes were urologic symptom scores, quality of life (QoL), and overall adverse events. We found 4 randomized controlled trials with 1,105 participants in 3 comparisons. All studies reported short-term outcomes (ranged from 8 weeks to 12 weeks). Mirabegron, tamsulosin, silodosin, fesoterodine, and tadalafil were administrated as intervention. While B3AR agonist can improve the patient-important outcomes within group (before and after treatment), B3AR agonist combination therapy with current standard BPH treatment such as alpha blocker or anticholinergic may not have additional effects on urological symptom scores and QoL compared to alpha blocker or anticholinergic monotherapy. B3AR agonist therapy with phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor (PDE5I) showed statistical improvement on urological symptom scores or QoL compared to PDE5I monotherapy. For safety profile, B3AR agonist in all 3 comparisons may not increase adverse event rate. While B3AR agonists may be used for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms in men with BPH if storage symptoms with standard BPH treatment are insufficient, B3AR agonists appear to have trivial or similar effects compared to current standard BPH treatment.
Consumer behavior for health Services: A psychological approach
Authors: Naim Arshi , Khan Mohammad Faiz
Published: October 2021

The objective of the research is to understand Psycho graphic aspect of Consumer Behavior for health services and accordingly effort to understand how proactive behavior can be inculcate amongst consumers. Data was collected from primary source which are Medical Practitioners, Medical Representatives and Patients. Research method is adaptive as it tries to influence present psycho graphic consumer behavior towards health and fitness and to measure responses Likert scale is used. To do optimal health and financial outcomes to fitness the research method is both Qualitative as well as Quantitative. Structured and unstructured questionnaires are used for all primary sources and for measuring some responses tabulations are graphed for conclusive and descriptive findings. Consumers confidently choose products that provide the best value for the money. When it comes to choosing medicines and care, they often find themselves confused. Consumer organizations such as Consumers Union, Medical Organization can design program or medical aid campaign to help consumers select options that will provide optimal health and financial outcomes to fitness and health care so that Consumers can have information about medical care as well as financial solutions to acquire fitness and health care. This research has contributed in two ways.
The effect of raw pearl millet flour inclusion on the quality and formulation cost of beef sausages
Authors: Adzitey Frederick , Yaro Joseph , Korese Joseph Kudadam , Jeinie Mohammad Halim , Huda Nurul
Published: October 2021

This study investigated the sensory, nutritional, and physicochemical characteristics as well as formulation cost of beef sausages formulated with raw pearl millet flour (RaPMF) as an extender. Four treatments were formulated with 0%, 5%, 10% and 15% RaPMF. Ash, carbohydrate, fat, and protein contents of the beef sausages were not influenced (p <0.05) by the RaPMF. The calcium, magnesium, potassium, and pH contents were highest (p <0.05) in the 15% RaPMF beef sausages. Cooking loss was at least (p <0.05) for the 15% RaPMF beef sausages. Formulation of beef sausages with RaPMF did not affect (p >0.05) the sensory properties (week 1), water holding capacity, peroxide value, lightness (week 1), and yellowness (week 1). The formulation cost was least for 15% RaPMF beef sausages and highest for 0% RaPMF beef sausages. As a general conclusion, RaPMF improved the mineral composition of the beef sausages and reduced production costs without compromising its physicochemical and sensory properties.
РАЗВИТИЕ ТРАНСПОРТНЫХ СИСТЕМ ЯДЕР КРУПНЫХ ГОРОДСКИХ АГЛОМЕРАЦИЙ РОССИИ В ХХI ВЕКЕ
Authors: Ziyatdinov Timur Zufarovich
Published: September 2021

Показана динамика роста уровня автомобилизации и выполнен расчет пассажиропотоков на личном и общественном транспорте для крупных городов-центров агломераций. Выявлена зависимость между ростом числа поездок на личном легковом транспорте и снижением объемов пассажиропотока на общественном. Даны результаты расчетов средневзвешенной скорости транспортных сообщений в часы и вне часов пик движения на легковом и общественном транспорте разных видов. Выявлены градостроительные последствия модернизации транспортных систем крупных городов: постоянный рост средней дальности поездок; выход застройки городов за их административные границы; увеличение интенсивности маятниковых миграционных потоков из пригородов в центры агломераций; формирование на периферийной части городов транспортно-пересадочных узлов с перехватывающими парковками и высокой концентрацией объектов общественного обслуживания; опережающий рост плотности населения пригородов сравнительно с ядрами агломераций и др.