bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
microRNA-27b inhibits cell proliferation and invasion in bladder cancer by targeting engrailed-2
Authors: Li Yunfei , Duan Qilin , Gan Lu , Li Wei , Yang Jianggen , Huang Guixiao
Published: December 2020

Background: Bladder cancer is considered a malignant tumour characterised by great heterogeneity. Engrailed-2 may be a gene implicated in bladder cancer. Bioinformatics analysis found base pair complementation between microRNA-27b and engrailed-2. The present study aimed to investigate the reciprocal association between microRNA-27b and engrailed-2 in bladder cancer.

Methods: The microRNA-27b and the protein of engrailed-2 in the tissues and cells of the bladder were detected. The processes of apoptosis, proliferation, invasion, and migration of tumour cells were evaluated. The co-action between microRNA-27b and engrailed-2 was detected by a luciferase reporter system. Finally, the interaction between microRNA-27b and engrailed-2 was further verified in vivo.

Results: The study found that the expression level of microRNA-27b is lower in bladder cancer tissues and cells than that in neighbouring ordinary tissues, whereas the opposite outcome was observed regarding the expression level of engrailed-2. Furthermore, microRNA-27b expression level is not significantly linked to the age of patients with bladder cancer; however, it is significantly associated with the clinicopathological grade of bladder cancer. Notably, engrailed-2 is negatively regulated by microRNA-27b. Transfection with microRNA-27b was associated with a significant reduction in the activity of bladder cancer cells and promoted apoptosis, while engrailed-2 restoration effectively reversed the above effects of microRNA-27b on bladder cancer in vitro and in vivo.

Conclusions: In conclusion, engrailed-2 is engaged in the development and process of bladder cancer through the negative mediation of microRNA-27b; additionally, microRNA-27b/engrailed-2 could form a signalling pathway with a significant effect on the process of bladder cancer.
Comprehensive analysis reveals a prognostic and therapeutic biomarker CD3D in the breast carcinoma microenvironment
Authors: Zhu Zhipeng , Ye Weipeng , Wu Xiaofang , Lin Sihao , Xu Jiuhua , Li Lulu , Li Jiayi , Wang Haibin , Huang Zhengjie
Published: December 2020

Breast carcinoma (BRCA) is the most common carcinoma among women worldwide. Despite the great progress achieved in early detection and treatment, morbidity and mortality rates remain high. In the present study, we make a systematic analysis of BRCA using TCGA database by applying CIBERSORT and ESTIMATE computational methods, uncovered CD3D as a prognostic biomarker by intersection analysis of univariate COX and protein–protein interaction (PPI). It revealed that high CD3D expression was strongly associated with poor survival of BRCA, based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and online websites. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) revealed that the high CD3D expression group was mainly enriched for the immune-related pathways and the low CD3D expression group was mainly enriched for metabolic-related activities. Based on CIBERSORT analysis, the difference test and correlation test suggested that CD3D had a strong correlation with T cells, particularly CD8 + T cells, which indicated that CD3D up-regulation may increase T cell immune infiltration in the TME and induce antitumor immunity by activating T lymphocytes. Furthermore, the correlation analysis showed that CD3D expression had a strongly positive correlation with immune checkpoints, which indicating that the underlying mechanism involves CD3D mediated regulation of T cell functions in BRCA, and single cell RNA-seq analysis revealed that CD3D correlate with CD8 + T cells and it is itself highly expressed in CD8 + T cells. In summary, we identified a prognostic biomarker CD3D in BRCA, which was associated with lymphocyte infiltration, immune checkpoints and could be developed for innovative therapeutics of BRCA.
Identification of an autophagy-related gene signature predicting overall survival for hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Xu Wenfang , Guo Wenke , Lu Ping , Ma Duan , Liu Lei , Yu Fudong
Published: December 2020

The poor prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) calls for the development of accurate prognostic models. The growing number of studies indicating a correlation between autophagy activity and HCC indicates there is a commitment to finding solutions for the prognosis of HCC from the perspective of autophagy. We used a cohort in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) to evaluate the expression of autophagy-related genes in 371 HCC samples using univariate Cox and lasso Cox regression analysis, and the prognostic features were identified. A prognostic model was established by combining the expression of selected genes with the multivariate Cox regression coefficient of each gene. Eight autophagy-related genes were selected as prognostic features of HCC. We established the HCC prognostic risk model in TCGA dataset using these identified prognostic genes. The model’s stability was confirmed in two independent verification sets (GSE14520 and GSE36376). The model had a good predictive power for the overall survival (OS) of HCC (hazard ratio = 2.32, 95% confidence interval = 1.76–3.05, P<0.001). Moreover, the risk score computed by the model did not depend on other clinical parameters. Finally, the applicability of the model was demonstrated through a nomogram (C-index = 0.701). In the present study, we established an autophagy-related risk model having a high prediction accuracy for OS in HCC. Our findings will contribute to the definition of prognosis and establishment of personalized therapy for HCC patients.
The model structure of the hammerhead ribozyme formed by RNAs of reciprocal chirality
Authors: Wyszko Eliza , Popenda Mariusz , Gudanis Dorota , Sarzyńska Joanna , Belter Agnieszka , Perrigue Patrick , Skowronek Paweł , Rolle Katarzyna , Barciszewski Jan
Published: December 2020

RNA-based tools are frequently used to modulate gene expression in living cells. However, the stability and effectiveness of such RNA-based tools is limited by cellular nuclease activity. One way to increase RNA’s resistance to nucleases is to replace its D-ribose backbone with L-ribose isomers. This modification changes chirality of an entire RNA molecule to L-form giving it more chance of survival when introduced into cells. Recently, we have described the activity of left-handed hammerhead ribozyme (L-Rz, L-HH) that can specifically hydrolyse RNA with the opposite chirality at a predetermined location. To understand the structural background of the RNA specific cleavage in a heterochiral complex, we used circular dichroism (CD) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy as well as performed molecular modelling and dynamics simulations of homo- and heterochiral RNA complexes. The active ribozyme-target heterochiral complex showed a mixed chirality as well as low field imino proton NMR signals. We modelled the 3D structures of the oligoribonucleotides with their ribozyme counterparts of reciprocal chirality. L- or D-ribozyme formed a stable, homochiral helix 2, and two short double heterochiral helixes 1 and 3 of D- or L-RNA strand thorough irregular Watson–Crick base pairs. The formation of the heterochiral complexes is supported by the result of simulation molecular dynamics. These new observations suggest that L-catalytic nucleic acids can be used as tools in translational biology and diagnostics.
Connectivity analysis of finite wireless multihop networks incorporating boundary effects in shadowing environments
Authors: Nagar Jaiprakash , Chaturvedi Sanjay Kumar , Soh Sieteng
Published: December 2020

A binary transmission range model, widely utilised for the connectivity analysis of wireless multihop networks (WMNs), ignores the stochastic nature of wireless channels leading to erroneous results and conclusions in estimating the connectivity metrics. This work examines the influence of boundary effects along with the stochastic nature of wireless channels on the connectivity metrics of WMNs. Specifically, this work proposes analytical closed‐form solutions for the minimum node degree distribution and node isolation probability of a WMN deployed in a circular region by considering boundary effects in shadowing environments. Furthermore, it investigates the influence of node's transmission range, node's count, and the standard deviation of shadowing effects on minimum node degree distribution, node isolation probability, and ‐connectivity. The authors simulation results on WMNs show that with the increase in the standard deviation of shadowing effects, node isolation probability increases, and minimum node degree distribution as well as ‐connectivity decreases. Furthermore, the node isolation probability decreases, and minimum node degree distribution as well as ‐connectivity increases with the increase in node's count and node's transmission range. The results produced by their analytical approach have only up to 0.0033 root mean square error as compared to simulated results, showing the accuracy of their approach.
A bibliometric analysis of Pubmed literature on coronavirus: All time period
Authors: Setyawati Mulyono Putri Siti , Fuad Anis , Watsiq Maula Ahmad
Published: December 2020

In late December 2019, there are several reported pneumonia-liked cases with the new strain coronavirus in China. The World Health Organization then assigned this new disease with COVID-19. Coronavirus has been declared as the most responsible agent for a recent public health emergency (PHEIC) in early 2020. The need for further research regarding coronavirus is essential, considering its high threat of public health without any available specific antiviral or vaccine yet. The growth and development of coronavirus related research and thematic trends are still unknown. This study aimed to depict the bibliographic trend of coronavirus all time and pictured the coronavirus research patterns and dynamics throughout the years. Therefore, the objective of this study was aimed to generate a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of coronavirus infection, research topic dynamic and the development of Medical subject heading (MeSH). The study retrieved data from PubMed for the source. Pubmed is chosen because it is the biggest freely available health and medicine electronic database. The R software and Microsoft Excel used for the data analysis. For data visualization, it extracted from VOS viewer. The graph from VOS viewer used as a source for social network analysis.
Community engagement strategy for healthy diet in urban community: A phenomenological study
Authors: Fitrina Kusumaningrum , Fahmi Baiquni , Supriyati Supriyati
Published: December 2020

Unhealthy diet is the risk factors for non-communicable diseases with limited intervention in Indonesia. Environmental change interventions are known to be effective in encouraging changes in healthy diet. However, community engagement is needed to ensure the adoption of the behaviour. This study seeks to identify the strategy to engage urban community in healthy diet intervention. Qualitative research with phenomenological approach was conducted in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Samples were selected among citizens of Yogyakarta city with the age range from 19 yr old to 65 yr old. The informants consist of lay persons, cadres and stakeholders. Data from 87 respondents were collected through 7 focus group discussions and 2 in-depth interviews. Strategies to engage community in healthy eating interventions consists of 3 main themes: i) intervention’s characteristics, ii) information characteristics and iii) the information channel. The intervention’s expected characteristics are aimed at various ages, using family approach through stakeholder support and collaboration and by increasing cadre’s capacity and providing opportunity to manage funding. Information characteristics are accessible, valid, up to date and personal. Information can be disseminated through virtual and non-virtual media. Community engagement strategies in healthy eating interventions should be segmented, strengthening the role of family and easily accessible.
The herbicide treatment of oil flax on leached chernozem of the Western Ciscaucasia
Authors: Lucomets Vyacheslav M. , Bushnev Alexander S. , Orekhov Gennady I.
Published: December 2020

The work is aimed at the development of application methods of graminicides and anti-dicotyledonous herbicides on oil flax in the area of unstable moistening of the south of Russia. The application of preparations against dicotyledonous weeds Tifi, Sekator Turbo or Magnum, followed by the treatment of sowings with Miura graminicide, contributed to obtaining an increase in yield of 0.14, 0.12, and 0.11 t/ha, respectively, in comparison to the untreated sowings. We observed an increase in crop yield by 0.09-0.12 t/ha with the application of anti-dicotyledonous herbicide Cleo and graminicide Miura, regardless of their application method. The tank mixtures Tifi + Miura and Magnum + Miura had a phytotoxic effect on oil flax, which, in comparison to the control, led to a decrease in yield by 0.04 and 0.09 t/ha and in oil content of seeds by 1.1 and 0.8%, respectively.
Genotyping of selection-significant polymorphisms of cattle of the Western Siberia
Authors: Kochnev Nikolai , Goncharenko Galina , Mager Sergei , Unzhakova Anastasiya , Shatokhin Kirill
Published: December 2020

The article presents the results of genotyping of 156 Simmental cows for the genes of kappa casein (CSN3), beta-lactoglobulin (BLG), alpha-lactalbumin (LALBA) and leptin (LEP). Studies have shown that the population for all genes is in a state of equilibrium distribution of genotypes, which indicates the absence of factors that change allele frequencies. For the CSN3 gene, the frequency of genotypes A/A, A/B, and B/B is 0.583, 0.385, and 0.032; alleles A and B - 0.776 and 0.224. For the BLG gene, the frequency of the corresponding genotypes is 0.449, 0.455, and 0.096; alleles A and B - 0.676 and 0.324. The occurrence of the LALBA gene genotypes is as follows: A/A – 0.513, A/B – 0.429, B/B – 0.058; allele A – 0.728, allele B – 0.272. Distribution of genotypic classes of the LEP gene: C/C – 0.429, C/T – 0.481, T/T – 0.09; frequency of alleles C and T – 0.67 and 0.33. The observed population structure with a low frequency of B/B genotypes for the CSN3 and BLG genes associated with protein-milkability, but a relatively high level of heterozygosity, demonstrates a stable equilibrium of allele frequencies, which is possible in the case of selection in favor of heterozygotes.
Importance of the geobotanical studying in agriculture (with the example of the Sugaty region)
Authors: Ydyrys Alibek , Abdolla Nurshat , Seilkhan Ainur , Masimzhan Muratzhan , Karasholakova Lazzat
Published: December 2020

This article provides an overview of the literature on the role of geobotanical research in agriculture. In it, the author describes this article, which contains opposing points of view on the problem considered in the importance of geobotanical studies of today’s agricultural systems. The article discusses the problems and ways to solve the economic use of geobotany is the creation of artificial phytocenoses, as well as changing the natural ones by one or another violation of their composition and structure. Agriculture should ensure the maintenance of ecological balance in agrolandscape systems. Compliance with the requirements of environmental management, environmental protection and optimization of management of agricultural landscapes is becoming one of the main conditions for increasing the productive longevity of agricultural ecosystems and the efficiency of agricultural production.
Analysis of the Russian-Chinese economic correlation in the field of foreign trade relations in the pandemic
Authors: Sinianskaia Elena , Savostina Olga , Rui Xu
Published: December 2020

The article deals with the issues of improving analytical support for risk assessment using the SWOT analysis of internal and external environment factors through the example of Russian-Chinese economic cooperation in the field of trade. The analysis of the structural components of the most significant indicators of Russian-Chinese trade flows for the period of 2017–2018, preceding the COVID-19 pandemic, and the dynamics of export-import operations from January 2019 to June 2020 during the introduction of restrictive measures were performed. Besides, the additional impact of the simultaneously developing currency crisis in Russia and possible measures to overcome it at the bilateral level were considered. Based on the indicators of a very rapid return of Russian-Chinese foreign trade relations to close to pre-crisis ones within a short time, it can be assumed that an integrated approach to assessing, planning, and monitoring internal and external risks in the short and long term gives a positive result. Therefore, the traditional analysis of internal factors that are the most predictable and subject to constant control by organisational leadership must be coordinated with a thorough analysis of uncertainty factors, which allows adapting to the rapidly changing business environment as quickly as possible. As a result, the effectiveness of strategic planning and strategic analysis is significantly increased.
A new species,Dactylosoma piperisn. sp. (Apicomplexa, Dactylosomatidae), from the pepper frogLeptodactylus labyrinthicus(Anura, Leptodactylidae) from Mato Grosso State, Brazil.
Authors: Úngari Letícia Pereira , Netherlands Edward Charles , Quagliatto Santos André Luiz , Alcantara Edna Paulino de , Emmerich Enzo , da Silva Reinaldo José , O’Dwyer Lucia Helena
Published: December 2020

The Dactylosomatidae Jakowska and Negrelli, 1955 are one of four families belonging to adeleorinid coccidia and comprise the generaBabesiosomaJakowska and Nigrelli, 1956 andDactylosomaLabbé, 1894. These blood protozoa occur in peripheral blood of lower vertebrates, and are commonly reported parasitising amphibians. The present study describesDactylosoma piperisn. sp. from the pepper frogLeptodactylus labyrinthicus(Spix, 1824) (Anura: Leptodactylidae), collected in 2018 at the municipality of Araguaiana, Mato Grosso State, Brazil, based on morphology of intra-erythrocytic trophozoite, primary and secondary merogonic stages and a molecular analysis (partial 18S rDNA).Dactylosoma piperisn. sp. forms a well-supported clade with other Dactylosomatidae. This is the first molecular characterization of a species ofDactylosomafrom a Brazilian anuran.
Post-Contrast Acute Kidney Injury and Intravenous Prophylactic Hydration: An Update
Authors: Nijssen Estelle Claire , Rennenberg Roger , Nelemans Patty , van Ommen Vincent , Wildberger Joachim E.
Published: December 2020

Background Despite tremendous improvement in molecular properties over the last century, intravascular injection of iodinated contrast material may still have systemic and hemodynamic consequences. Patients with pre-existing renal insufficiency may be at risk for acute kidney injury, which may be associated with an increased risk of the need for dialysis and mortality in the long term. Many questions as to the physiological pathways, optimal definition, and incidence of contrast-induced acute kidney injury remain open. These uncertainties are reflected in the changing landscape of this field in terms of nomenclature, research, and clinical practice.

Methods Clinical practice guidelines for the prevention of post-contrast acute kidney injury all recommend giving prophylaxis in the form of intravenous hydration to high-risk patients. Solid evidence for this strategy is lacking. This article gives an overview of the changing landscape of post-contrast acute kidney injury and prophylactic intravenous hydration, with the aim of supporting informed decision-making in clinical practice.

Results Recent data have caused a shift in guideline recommendations: 90 % of patients formerly considered high-risk for contrast-induced acute kidney injury no longer qualify for prophylaxis. The remaining high-risk patients, with severe chronic kidney disease, represent a vulnerable population for whom intravenous hydration may provide some benefits but also carries risk.

Conclusion Intravenous hydration may benefit ‘new’ high-risk patients. However, it also confers risk. A dual approach to screening patients will help avoid this risk in clinical practice.

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Citation Format
Evaluation of the Feasibility of a Telemedical Examination of the Hip and Pelvis – Early Lessons from the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Jaenisch Max , Kohlhof Hendrik , Touet Amadeo , Kehrer Michael , Cucchi Davide , Burger Christof , Wirtz Dieter Christian , Welle Kristian , Kabir Koroush
Published: December 2020

Introduction Due to the current COVID-19 pandemic, the German Health Ministry has issued restrictions applying to the field of orthopaedics and trauma surgery. Besides postponement of elective surgeries, outpatient consultations have been drastically reduced. Parallel to these developments, an increase in telemedical consultations has reflected efforts to provide sufficient patient care. This study aims to evaluate the feasibility of a clinical examination of the hip joint and pelvis by way of a telemedical consultation.

Materials and Methods Twenty-nine patients of a German university clinic were recruited and assessed in both telemedical and conventional examinations. Agreement between the two examinations was then assessed, and connections between the observed agreement and patient-specific factors such as age, BMI and ASA classification were investigated.

Results The inspections agreed closely with a mean Cohenʼs kappa of 0.76 ± 0.37. Palpation showed adequate agreement with a mean Cohenʼs kappa of 0.38 ± 0.19. Function showed good agreement with a mean Cohenʼs kappa of 0.61 ± 0.26 and range of motion showed adequate agreement with a mean Cohenʼs kappa of 0.36 ± 0.19. A significant positive correlation was observed between the number of deviations in the different examinations and age (p = 0.05), and a significant positive correlation was shown between the number of non-feasible examinations and age (p < 0.01), BMI (p < 0.01) and ASA classification score (p < 0.01).

Discussion Inspection and function can be reliably evaluated, whereas the significance of palpation, provocation and measurement of range of motion is limited. The small sample size puts limitations on the significance of a statistically relevant correlation between patient-specific factors such as age, BMI and ASA classification score and valid and successful implementation of a telemedical examination. The authors recommend targeted patient selection. If, however, patients are being evaluated who are very old (> 75 years), obese (BMI > 30) or with multiple comorbidities (ASA 3 and above), caution is advised. Large, prospective studies are needed in the future to fully validate telemedical consultations in the fields of orthopaedics and trauma surgery.

Conclusion A telemedical examination of the hip joint and pelvis can be performed with certain limitations. Patient-specific factors such as age, BMI, and extent of comorbidities appear to have a relevant impact on validity and execution of the examination. Patients with multiple comorbidities (ASA 3 and above), advanced age (> 75 years) or obesity (BMI > 30) should, whenever possible, be examined in a conventional outpatient setting.
A atuação do médico residente em ortopedia e traumatologia em um hospital de grande porte do Sistema Único de Saúde: Qual a visão do usuário?
Authors: de Oliveira Luiz Felippe Mokdeci Martins , Ramallo Daniel Alves , Möller João Victor Silveira , Leal Ana Carolina , Ribeiro Gabriel Araujo , Guimarães João Antonio Matheus
Published: December 2020

Objetivo Avaliar o conhecimento de pacientes atendidos em um hospital-escola acerca da formação acadêmica e profissional do médico residente em ortopedia e traumatologia, bem como sua área de atuação, e determinar a percepção de conforto e segurança do paciente em relação a ser assistido pelo médico residente em diferentes etapas do tratamento.

Métodos Foi realizado um estudo transversal com pacientes internados em um hospital de ortopedia de grande porte do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Os dados foram coletados a partir da aplicação de um questionário contendo 19 questões objetivas que avaliaram parâmetros sociodemográficos e a percepção do paciente quanto à atuação do residente. Os dados foram analisados de forma a avaliar a frequência das respostas obtidas.

Resultados Foram avaliados 152 participantes, predominantemente do sexo masculino (62,5%) e com idade entre 36 e 55 anos (41,3%). Apenas 43,3% tinham conhecimento sobre a formação acadêmica do residente. Os pacientes relataram se sentir mais seguros e confortáveis em serem assistidos pelo médico em conjunto com o residente na consulta ambulatorial (43,3%), na enfermaria (39,3%) e durante a cirurgia (61%). Quanto à atuação do residente, 80,2% afirmaram que o médico residente melhora a comunicação entre o paciente e o cirurgião principal, entretanto e apenas 11% disseram se sentir seguros e confortáveis sendo cuidados exclusivamente por residentes no ambiente cirúrgico, caso fosse permitido.

Conclusão A participação de médicos residentes nos cuidados é bem recebida pelos pacientes, desde que em companhia do médico assistente. Os pacientes identificam nos residentes uma ponte facilitadora na comunicação com os médicos assistentes.
Análisis bibliométrico y de mapeo de la educación en cirugía laparoscópica y robótica en urología
Authors: Torres Lynda , Pedraza Adriana , Arroyo Lisset , Mesa Melanie López de , Tobar Verónica , Perdomo Pamela , Cárdenas Ana Maria , Solano Catalina
Published: December 2020

Objetivo Se realizó un análisis bibliométrico para conocer la situación actual de la educación en cirugía laparoscópica y robótica en urología.

Métodos La búsqueda fue realizada en la base de datos MEDLINE y EMBASE en marzo de 2020, a través del facilitador de búsqueda: FABUMED y PUBMED-PUBREMINER, utilizando los siguientes criterios (Laparoscopy OR robotics) AND (education urology) AND (1988:2019[dp])) y establecer los artículos disponibles respecto a educación en cirugía laparoscópica en urología. Adicionalmente se realizó un análisis de mapeo bibliométrico así como mapas de redes de colaboración.

Resultados Se obtuvieron 1383 revisiones en la literatura publicadas en 172 revistas. Las revistas con más publicaciones fueron: Journal of Endourology (167) y factor de impacto (FI) 2.26, BJU International (101, FI 4.52) Urology (90, FI 1.86) y Journal of Urology (71, FI 5.6). La producción total se dio en 49 países, los países con mayor número de publicaciones fueron Estados Unidos con 362 (26.1%) y Reino Unido 152 (10.9%), Latinoamérica estuvo encabezada por Brasil con 17 publicaciones.

Conclusiones El mayor número de publicaciones se observó a partir del 2006 years durante la última década ha estado liderado por Estados Unidos. En Colombia la investigación de educación en cirugía laparoscópica y robótica es mínima, posiblemente por carecer de programas de entrenamiento en los programas de residencia. Este análisis bibliométrico permite mostrar que la producción bibliográfica en esta área puede depender de que existan programas formales de entrenamiento que a futuro beneficien a toda la comunidad urológica.
Factores asociados a la histología de masa residual retroperitoneal post quimioterapia en tumor testicular de células germinales
Authors: Torres Lynda , Ramos Jose Gustavo , Varela Rodolfo , Godoy Fabian , Orrego Paola Andrea , Mosquera AysaVanessa , Vecino Sandra Viviana Pulido
Published: December 2020

Objetivo El objetivo de este estudio es describir las características y factores relacionados con la histología de la masa residual postquimioterapia en pacientes con tumor de células germinales de origen testicular sometidos a linfadenectomía retroperitoneal durante 12 años de seguimiento.

Métodos Retrospectivamente se recolectaron datos clínicos, quirúrgicos y patológicos de la historia clínica de los pacientes en un centro de referencia de manejo de cáncer durante un periodo de 12 años. Se estimó la asociación entre los datos recolectados con la histología del tumor residual post quimioterapia.

Resultados Se incluyeron 64 pacientes, la edad promedio fue 28.1 años, el tamaño promedio de masa residual fue de 6.7 cm. La histología de la masa residual fue teratoma en 60.9%, necrosis 26.5% y tumor viable 12.5%. El grupo pronóstico tiene asociación con la histología de la masa retroperitoneal. Las masas con histología de necrosis tuvieron menor tamaño con media 6.5 cm mientras que otras histologías tuvieron tamaño promedio de la masa residual de 10.4 cm.

Conclusiones La LNDRP-PC es el estándar de tratamiento en masas residuales retroperitoneales después de quimioterapia y puede generar sobre-tratamiento hasta en 50% de los casos. El teratoma en la histología testicular está relacionado mayor tamaño de la masa residual retroperitoneal. Las características histológicas de la masa residual son comparables con otras series.
Estado actual de las mujeres en la fuerza laboral en urología. Análisis bibliométrico
Authors: Solano Catalina , Ortiz Ana María Cárdenas , Jaimes Luz Marina Bernal , Saavedra Daisy Ximena Roa , Ospino Catalina Osorio , Basto Catalina Sánchez
Published: December 2020

Introducción Las mujeres han incursionado y aumentado en todas las áreas médico quirúrgicas y específicamente en la Urología, representando aproximadamente un 10% de esta fuerza laboral.

Objetivo Describir el estado actual de las mujeres en la fuerza laboral en Urología a nivel mundial.

Métodos Análisis bibliométrico basado en búsqueda retrospectiva de la literatura del año 1969 a 2019, mediante base de datos: MEDLINE, FABUMED y PubReminder®, utilizando términos de búsqueda: (workforce) AND (urology), incluyendo: artículos de revista, artículos originales de investigación, reseñas, ensayos y otros informes científicos. Se obtuvo el factor de impacto (FI) mediante Journal Citation Reports 2017/2018. A través de Scopus se obtuvo el h-index (HI). Las variables analizadas fueron: número total de publicaciones, revistas, autores, instituciones, porcentaje de publicaciones por revista y país, patrón de producción científica a lo largo del período estudiado. Se realizó análisis de mapeo bibliométrico con software VOSviewer®.

Resultados Se encontraron un total de 352 revisiones desde el año 1969 hasta 2019. El mayor porcentaje de publicaciones fueron en la última década. Se encontraron en total 131 revistas, de ellas, 28 específicas de urología. La revista con mayor número de publicaciones fue el Journal of Urology. El 90% de los autores provienen de Estados Unidos y del total de artículos solo dos autores principales eran mujeres.

Conclusiones El interés por determinar el papel de la mujer en la fuerza laboral urológica es reciente y se correlaciona con el aumento de la representación femenina en esta área.
Status of Australian Fur Seals, Arctocephalus Pusillus doriferus (Carnivora: Otariidae) At Cape Bridgewater, Victoria.
Authors: Stamation K.A. , Shaughnessy P.D. , Constable A.J.
Published: December 2020

Australian fur seals Arctocephalus pusillus doriferus are well known at Cape Bridgewater (38° 23'S, 141° 25'E) in western Victoria. The colony consists of a rock platform at the base of a 50m cliff and two caves. Fur seals frequent nearby waters within 50 m of shore. Between 21 November 1995 and 22 June 1996, the maximum number of fur seals recorded was 640 and the minimum was 207. The number of fur seals visible from the observation points and inside one of two caves is dependent on sea conditions. Juveniles were the most abundant age-class. A single pup was recorded during the pupping season. This study confirms that Cape Bridgewater should be considered a non-breeding colony.
Distribution, Captures And Physical Characteristics Of The platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus) In Tasmania.
Authors: Connolly J.H. , Obendorf D.L.
Published: December 2020

A study was conducted to determine the geographic distribution, mean length and weight of the platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus) in Tasmania. The species was found to be common and widespread on the mainland of Tasmania and present on King Island. Mean total lengths of adult males and females were 57. 1±3.5 cm (n=44) and 47.9±2. 1 cm (n=29) respectively. Mean weights of adult males and females were 23 13±37 1 g (n=42) and 1337±206 g (n=29) respectively. Tasmanian platypuses were generally larger than those from the mainland.
Lamb growth rates and carcass characteristics of White Dorper and crossbred lambs grazing traditional and novel pastures during spring in southern Australia
Authors: McGrath Shawn R. , Sandral Graeme A. , Holman Benjamin W. B. , Friend Michael A.
Published: December 2020

Context Finishing lambs on pasture and specialist forages is a commonly used production system in southern Australia; however, there is little information properly comparing multiple pasture options for lamb production. Aim We aimed to compare growth rates of lambs when grazing traditional pastures, novel legumes, or a herb–legume mixture. Methods Six pasture and forage treatments were sown in three replicate 0.4-ha plots and with access to irrigation. Treatments were French serradella (Ornithopus sativus Brot.), bladder clover (Trifolium spumosum L.), forage brassica (Brassica napus L.), lucerne (Medicago sativa L.), lucerne + phalaris (Phalaris aquatica L.), and arrowleaf clover (Trifolium vesiculosum Savi) + chicory (Cichorium intybus L.). The last two treatments were sown in a 1 : 1 alternate sowing-row (tyne) arrangement. All plots were grazed concurrently from 15 October to 2 December 2014, each plot with a mixed-sex group of 13 weaned lambs: five White Dorper, three White Suffolk × White Dorper and five White Suffolk × Merino lambs. During the grazing period, lambs were weighed each week following an overnight curfew. Starting liveweight (mean ± s.d.) was 32.4 ± 5.5 kg. At the completion of the grazing period, lambs were slaughtered and carcass traits recorded. Key results Lambs grazing arrowleaf clover + chicory had the highest average daily growth rates (ADG) (245 g/lamb.day) and those grazing lucerne + phalaris the lowest (119 g/lamb.day). There was a lag in ADG for the forage brassica treatment over the first 14 days of grazing, and lamb growth plateaued for the bladder clover treatment toward the end of the trial. Overall, ADG for the forage brassica and bladder clover treatments was similar to that for lucerne. Lambs grazing French serradella had similar ADG to 18 November compared with those grazing other treatments, except arrowleaf clover + chicory; however, lambs grazing French serradella were withdrawn from the experiment on 26 November after losing weight. The genotype × treatment interaction was significant for final liveweights, with White Suffolk × White Dorper lambs having higher predicted final liveweight on the arrowleaf clover + chicory pasture (45.2 kg) than White Dorper (43.8 kg) and White Suffolk × Merino (44.0 kg) lambs, and higher liveweight on lucerne than White Suffolk × Merino lambs (42.6 vs 41.4 kg). White Dorper lambs had a higher overall sale value owing to their higher dressing percentage. The proportion of lambs reaching the finished weight target was higher for arrowleaf clover + chicory (0.96) than for any other treatment. Conclusions and implications Using a forage option that maintains high levels of production and quality later in spring can increase the proportion of lambs reaching target weights and the final sale weight of lambs.
Shared syntactic representations in bilinguals
Authors: Song Yoonsang , Lai Ryan K. Y.
Published: December 2020

The current study explores the nature of constituent-structure-independent structural priming across the two
languages of bilinguals. Specifically, this study tests whether such cross-linguistic priming involves the priming of
functional-level syntactic representations shared between the languages, which can be distinguished from the priming of mainly
non-syntactic information (e.g., information structure, thematic-role order). Critical prime sentences consisted of Cantonese
actives in the Object-Subject-Verb (OSV) order and passives where the patient was grammatically topicalized with the same topic
particle. Target responses were produced in English actives or passives. The results show that robust priming from Cantonese
Topic-Passives to English passives occurred, but no cross-linguistic priming was observed for Cantonese Topic-OSV active primes.
The Topic-OSV active and Topic-Passive constructions share information structure, and are formed in different constituent
structures from English actives and passives. Therefore, the robust cross-linguistic passive priming by Topic-Passive primes
should in large part be ascribed to functional-level syntactic representations of passive constructions shared by Cantonese and
English.
A change of setting
Authors: García-Amaya Lorenzo
Published: December 2020

Though study abroad (SA) is becoming an increasingly popular educational avenue for second-language (L2) learners, there is little knowledge of what factors create a successful learning experience. One methodological approach is to consider the amount of time students use their L2 while abroad, and subsequently consider what factors (linguistic, personal, or social) might lead to increased or diminished L2 use. The current study examines data collected in 2010, in which 27 learners from an intensive overseas-immersion program in Spain completed the Language Contact Profile (LCP). Throughout the program, the learners were bound to a language commitment, pledging to speak, read, and write only in their L2. The results presented here, both quantitative and qualitative, suggest that the language pledge was largely followed, reflecting high levels of L2 use; the results also allude to some advantages and disadvantages of using the LCP to track language use.
Electronic and structural properties of single-crystal Jahn–Teller active Co1+x
Mn2−x
O4 thin films
Authors: Blanchet Miles D , Heath Jonathan J , Kaspar Tiffany C , Matthews Bethany E , Spurgeon Steven R , Bowden Mark E , Heald Steve M , Issacs-Smith Tamara , Kuroda Marcelo A , Comes Ryan B
Published: December 2020

Recent investigations on spinel CoMn2O4 have shown its potential for applications in water splitting and fuel cell technologies as it exhibits strong catalytic behavior through oxygen reduction reactivity. To further understand this material, we report for the first time the synthesis of single-crystalline Co1+x
Mn2−x
O4 thin films using molecular beam epitaxy. By varying sample composition, we establish links between cation stoichiometry and material properties using in-situ x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction, scanning transmission electron microscopy, x-ray absorption spectroscopy, and spectroscopic ellipsometry. Our results indicate that excess Co ions occupy tetrahedral interstitial sites at lower excess Co stoichiometries, and become substitutional for octahedrally-coordinated Mn at higher Co levels. We compare these results with density functional theory models of stoichiometric CoMn2O4 to understand how the Jahn–Teller distortion and hybridization in Mn–O bonds impact the ability to hole dope the material with excess Co. The findings provide important insights into CoMn2O4 and related spinel oxides that are promising candidates for inexpensive oxygen reduction reaction catalysts.
New barrier layer design for the fabrication of gallium nitride-metal-insulator-semiconductor-high electron mobility transistor normally-off transistor
Authors: Cozette Flavien , Hassan Bilal , Rodriguez Christophe , Frayssinet Eric , Comyn Rémi , Lecourt François , Defrance Nicolas , Labat Nathalie , Boone François , Soltani Ali , Jaouad Abdelatif , Cordier Yvon , Maher Hassan
Published: December 2020

This paper reports on the fabrication of an enhancement-mode AlGaN/GaN metal-insulator-semiconductor-high electron mobility transistor with a new barrier epi-layer design based on double Al0.2Ga0.8N barrier layers separated by a thin GaN layer. Normally-off transistors are achieved with good performances by using digital etching (DE) process for the gate recess. The gate insulator is deposited using two technics: plasma enhance chemical vapour deposition (sample A) and atomic layer deposition (sample B). Indeed, the two devices present a threshold voltage (V
th) of +0.4 V and +0.9 V respectively with ΔV
th about 0.1 V and 0.05 V extracted from the hysteresis gate capacitance measurement, a gate leakage current below 2 × 10−10 A mm−1, an I
ON/I
OFF about 108 and a breakdown voltage of V
BR = 150 V and 200 V respectively with 1.5 µm thick buffer layer. All these results are indicating a good barrier surface quality after the gate recess. The DE mechanism is based on chemical dissolution of oxides formed during the first step of DE. Consequently, the process is relatively soft with very low induced physical damages at the barrier layer surface.
Erratum to “Fabrication of Tl2Ba2CaCu2O8 superconducting films without thallium pellets
Authors: Xu Teng-Da , Xing Jian , Wang Li-Tian , Zhang Jin-Li , Zhao Sheng-Hui , Xiong Yang , Zhao Xin-Jie , Ji Lu , Zhang Xu , He Ming
Published: December 2020

Figure 2 in the original paper (Chin. Phys. B
27 057403 (2018)]) is replaced by a new one.
Self-powered circularly polarized light detector based on asymmetric chiral metamaterials
Authors: Yin Zhihua , Hu Xuemeng , Zeng Jianping , Zeng Yun , Peng Wei
Published: December 2020

Circularly polarized light (CPL) has been given great attention because of its extensive application. While several devices for CPL detection have been studied, their performance is affected by the magnitude of photocurrent. In this paper, a self-powered photodetector based on hot electrons in chiral metamaterials is proposed and optimized. CPL can be distinguished by the direction of photocurrent without external bias owing to the interdigital electrodes with asymmetric chiral metamaterials. Distinguished by the direction of photocurrent, the device can easily detect the rotation direction of the CPL electric field, even if it only has a very weak responsivity. The responsivity of the proposed detector is near 1.9 mA/W at the wavelength of 1322 nm, which is enough to distinguish CPL. The detector we proposed has the potential for application in optical communication.
Effects of high temperature annealing and laser irradiation on activation rate of phosphorus
Authors: Li Shaojie , Han Peide
Published: December 2020

Thermal annealing and laser irradiation were used to study the activation rate of phosphorus in silicon after ion implantation. The activation rate refers to the ratio of activated impurity number to the total impurity number in the sample. After injecting phosphorus with the dose and energy (energy = 55 keV, dose = 3 × 1015 cm–2), the samples were annealed at different temperatures, and laser irradiation experiments were performed after annealing. The experimental results showed that the activation rate of phosphorus was the highest at 850 °C, and the highest activation rate was 67%. Upon femtosecond laser irradiation samples after thermal annealing, while keeping the crystalline silicon surface without damage, the activation rate was improved. When the energy-flux density of the femtosecond laser was 0.65 kJ/cm2, the activation rate was the highest, increasing from 67% to 74.81%.
RF performance evaluation of p-type NiO-pocket based β-Ga2O3/black phosphorous heterostructure MOSFET
Authors: Yadava Narendra , Mani Shivangi , Chauhan R. K.
Published: December 2020

The radio-frequency (RF) performance of the p-type NiO-pocket based β-Ga2O3/black phosphorous heterostructure MOSFET has been evaluated. The key figure of merits (FOMs) for device performance evaluation include the transconductance (g
m) gate dependent intrinsic-capacitances (C
gd and C
gs), cutoff frequency (f
T), gain bandwidth (GBW) product and output-conductance (g
d). Similarly, power-gain (G
p), power added efficiency (PAE), and output power (P
OUT) are also investigated for large-signal continuous-wave (CW) RF performance evaluation. The motive behind the study is to improve the β-Ga2O3 MOS device performance along with a reduction in power losses and device associated leakages. To show the applicability of the designed device in RF applications, its RF FOMs are analyzed. With the outline characteristics of the ultrathin black phosphorous layer below the β-Ga2O3 channel region, the proposed device results in 1.09 times improvement in f
T, with 0.7 times lower C
gs, and 3.27 dB improved G
P in comparison to the NiO-GO MOSFET. The results indicate that the designed NiO-GO/BP MOSFET has better RF performance with improved power gain and low leakages.
The removal of Pb2+ ion by MnFe2O4/waste tea leaves biochar and mechanism of adsorption
Authors: Suwunwong Thitipone , Danwittayakul Patsara , Thanomsilp Chuleeporn , Siriwat Piyanuch , Chantrapromma Suchada , Phoungthong Khamphe
Published: December 2020

In order to transform waste tea leaves into a useful/valuable material for removal of Pb2+ ions from wastewater, MnFe2O4/biochar was synthesized. The tea waste was pyrolyzed at 500 °C to obtain the biochar. Effects of the composition of tea leaves on the physicochemical properties of biochar were evaluated. Biochar and MnFe2O4/biochar were mainly organic matter. Regarding inorganic components, aside from Fe and Mn there were considerable albeit small amounts of the mineral elements K and Ca in the MnFe2O4/biochar. The MnFe2O4/biochar is porous with a specific surface area of 24.38 m2 g−1, and the surface is loaded with MnFe2O4 and amorphous MnO2 particles. Also carboxylic acid, hydroxyl, and carbonyl functional groups were formed on the MnFe2O4/biochar surfaces. The surface area and pore volume characteristics of the MnFe2O4/biochar were also increased compared with the baseline biochar, and the prepared MnFe2O4/biochar had mesostructure. The modification of biochar into MnFe2O4/biochar improved adsorption of Pb2+ ions with the removal increased to ∼98%. The Freundlich isotherm and the pseudo-second order kinetic models matched well Pb2+ adsorption onto the MnFe2O4/biochar.
Effects of CuSn33 content on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Al/Cu bimetallic foams
Authors: Feng Qiang , Ma Shengshou , Liao Changzhong , Xie Yuhuan , Duan Zhiwei
Published: December 2020

A new type of Al/Cu bimetallic foams with double grade plateau stresses was prepared by employing powder metallurgy sintering method. The addition of CuSn33 is to improve the microstructure and mechanical properties of Al/Cu bimetallic foams. The effects of CuSn33 content on the phase components, lattice parameter, crystallize size and microstrain of Cu-matrix were investigated with utilizing Rietveld method. Results show that there is a linera relationship between CuSn33 content and lattice parameter, and the linear fitting equation was also simulated. The addition of CuSn33 can refine the crystallite and increase the microstrain when the Sn with larger atomic radius dissolves into Cu-matrix alloy. However, the microstrain value drops dramatically when the precipitated δ-phase appears from the supersaturated solute elements. Segregation caused by the residual Sn in the Cu-matrix primarily appears near to the border of Al2Cu and Cu-matrix. The compressive stress-strain curves of Al/Cu bimetallic foams with 5 typical stages are radically different from the single component metal foams, including twice quasi-linear regions, twice collapse plateaus, and the densification region. The effects of CuSn33 content on the elastic modulus of Al/Cu bimetallic foams, microhardness of Cu-matrix and the absorbed energy density have also been investigated.