bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Supporting Involved Fathering of Young Children in Croatia: Evaluation of the "Growing Up Together Fathers' Club"
Authors: Pećnik Ninoslava , Modić Stanke Koraljka , Tokić Milaković Ana
Published: October 2022

Contemporary literature on parenting support programmes advocates for greater engagement of fathers and a stronger evidence base of the programmes' effectiveness. This study examines the outcomes of the parenting support programme "Growing Up Together Fathers' Club" conducted through four weekly workshops with fathers of young children. A pre-post intervention comparison of self-reported data from 238 fathers who completed the programme in 25 sites throughout Croatia revealed an increase in parental self-efficacy, positive involvement with the child and attempted understanding of the child's perspective, and a decrease in harsh parenting and violence to the child after the programme. Participants' educational level did not moderate the results. Qualitative data provide insight into perceived programme benefits for fathers and their children as well as suggestions for programme improvement.
Acculturation Expectations of Future Female Teachers from Refugee Students: The Role of Empathy and Ethnic Identity
Authors: Gospodnetić Filip
Published: October 2022

Ever since the refugees have travelled through Croatia in 2015, refugee students have begun to enrol in Croatian schools. Consequently, teachers have been facing various obstacles in their work, such as teaching pupils from different cultures, while teacher-training students will encounter the same obstacles. The aim of this research was to investigate the predictive power of ethnic identity, general empathy, ethnocultural empathy, and sociodemographic variables on university students’ acculturation expectations from refugee students. Research was conducted at the end of 2019 and beginning of 2020, on a sample of 128 female university students, average age of 23, who attended the final two years of Teacher Training College. The results show that ethnic identity was positively associated with acculturation expectations of integration, while ethnocultural empathy was negatively associated with acculturation expectations of assimilation.
Who Supports a Property Tax in Croatia?
Authors: Grdešić Marko
Published: October 2022

This article analyses public support for a property tax in Croatia. Who supports this tax and who opposes it? The analysis uses public opinion polls conducted by the Faculty of Political Science in 2016 and 2020. This makes it possible to compare the structure of public opinion before and after the large public debate from 2017 which resulted in a postponement of the tax. The article relies on previous work that showed a link between party identification and support for property taxation and extends this analysis with new data. The article shows that this link still existed in 2016 but that it disappeared in 2020. The article also examines the nature of citizens' economic views and asks if a new liberal orientation arose in the structure of public opinion in Croatia, following the debate on the property tax. The analysis suggests that moderately left-wing opinions still prevail in Croatia, but following the turbulent public discussion of the property tax, new combinations of economic views appear in which liberal and interventionist views intermingle.
Motives of the Yugoslav-Bulgarian Integration after World War II and in the Post-War Period
Authors: Ivašković Igor
Published: October 2022

This article aims to present the motives of the geopolitical restructuring of South-East Europe at the end of World War II with an emphasis on relations between Yugoslavia and Bulgaria. In this context, the author first identifies the interwar interests of four involved parties, namely: the Yugoslav and Bulgarian communist leaderships, and the political representatives of the Soviet Union and the United Kingdom. In the second part, the author describes the development of the idea of Yugoslav-Bulgarian integration after the War, first during the period of rapprochement between two communist parties, and then in the period of the Cominform crisis and the dramatic turnaround in their relations. Besides different macro- -geopolitical visions, the author also identifies significant differences in motives at the micro-geopolitical level. Contrary to the proclaimed idea of the 'South Slavic Brotherhood', the Communist Party of Yugoslavia perceived the idea foremost as a maneuvering tool in its relations with the UK and the Soviets, while the Bulgarian Communist Party used the (con)federal idea for pursuing multi-layered interests. It was primarily a part of the strategy for resolving the Macedonian question, but the alliance with Yugoslavia was also a tool for protecting Bulgarian territories in the relations with Greece, and consequently leverage for strengthening the internal position of Bulgarian communists in the post-war consolidation process.
Vector formation features of modern network attacks
Authors: Vetrov I. A. , Podtopelny V. V.
Published: October 2022

The problems that arise when setting tasks for determining the vector of a network attack in a corporate information network are considered. The varieties of various techniques that simplify the construction of a network  attack vector used  in the analysis of the reliability of information systems are presented and characterized. The suitability for various procedures for determining vector parameters is considered. When constructing a network attack vector, the specificity of the manifestation of the time parameter was determined as a characteristic indicating a more effective way of spreading compromise. The formation of the vector is considered taking into account the specifics of the networks multilevel organization. The specifics of the simplified vector calculation model including procedures focused on various approaches are determined.
МЕТОДОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ПОДХОДЫ К ПРОВЕДЕНИЮ АУДИТА ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ СРЕДСТВ, НАПРАВЛЕННЫХ НА РАЗВИТИЕ АПК
Authors: Карабаев Эльдар
Published: October 2022

В статье показано, что результативность использования бюджетных средств в агропромышленном комплексе во многом определяется рациональной системой аудита эффективности, которая существенно влияет на качество принятия решений в сфере управления государственными финансами. На основе опыта проведения аудита эффективности определены основные направления, способствующие повышению эффективности работы органов государственной власти и получателей бюджетных средств, а также их ответственности и прозрачности функционирования. В настоящее время государственный аудит в Казахстане находится в стадии дальнейшего совершенствования, и в качестве одного из перспективных направлений его развития следует рассматривать разработку и внедрение механизмов аудита эффективности. Мировой опыт свидетельствует, что применение аудита эффективности оказывает существенное влияние на качество принятия и исполнения органами исполнительной власти решений в сфере управления государственными финансами.
PRACTICE OF CONDUCTING A COORDINATED AUDIT BY THE SAI-MEMBERS OF INTOSAI
Authors: Алибекова Балшекер , Maksot Aida
Published: October 2022

The importance of state audit both at the domestic and international level is growing day by day. After all, thanks to the state audit, inspections are carried out on topical issues, errors, violations are identified, and possible ways to prevent them. And the identification of violations, consulting on their elimination is one of the tasks of the SAI of each country. Therefore, this article substantiates the need for further study of best practices of foreign countries, analyzes the experience of the SAI of the INTOSAI member states, the main organization uniting state audit and financial control bodies. In particular, the organization and conduct of a coordinated audit in countries such as Australia, Russia, and Ukraine were studied. As a result of the research, it was found that three types of coordinated audit are used in these countries: parallel, joint and coordinated. Based on the analysis of domestic legal acts, the authors revealed that two types of coordinated audit are used in the Republic of Kazakhstan, namely parallel and joint. Based on the experience of foreign countries, it is proposed to introduce a connected audit into the practice of state audit and financial control bodies.
PERAN BUDAYA SEKOLAH DALAM MEMBANGUN KARAKTER RELIGIUS SISWA KELAS 5 SDIT SURYA MELATI BANDUNG TULUNGAGUNG
Authors: Aziz Mochammad Irfan , Ana Ria Fajrin Rizqy
Published: October 2022

Budaya sekolah adalah suasana kehidupan sekolah, tempat antara anggota sekolah saling berinteraksi. Interaksi tersebut terikat oleh berbagai aturan, norma, moral, serta etika bersama yang berlaku disuatu sekolah. Pembentukan budaya sekolah di SDIT Surya Melati Bandung bertujuan untuk menumbuhkan karakter religius pada siswa yang akhirnya dapat membentuk karakter siswa menjadi lebih baik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan peran budaya sekolah dalam menumbuhkan karakter religius pada siswa kelas 5 SDIT Surya Melati Bandung. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian etnografi yaitu penelitian yang meneliti tentang kebudayaan dalam suatu kelompok yang berkaitan dengan norma dan nilai-nilai dalam suatu kebudayaan tersebut. Tekhnik Pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Peran budaya sekolah dalam menumbuhkan karakter religius siswa dapat dilihat dari hasil observasi yang dilakukan peneliti terhadap 12 siswa kelas 5 SDIT Surya Melati Bandung dengan deskripsi hasil sebagai berikut: Karakter religius sikap dan perilaku patuh melaksanakan ajaran agama dapat terbentuk melalui budaya melaksanakan sholat dhuha berjama’ah, membaca Al-Qur’an sebelum memulai pelajaran, dan mengucapkan salam kepada orang lain. Karakter religius toleran terhadap pelaksana ibadah dapat terbentuk melalui budaya memberikan kesempatan temannya melaksanakan ibadah dan menjaga hubungan baik dengan teman yang berbeda suku maupun agama, dan tidak menggangu temannya yang sedang melaksanakan ibadah. Karakter religius hidup rukun dapat dikembangkan melalui budaya mengucapkan salam ketika bertemu dengan orang lain, mencium tangan guru dan membungkukkan badan ketika menyapa guru atau orang yang lebih tua, memaafkan teman yang berbuat salah dengan lapang dada.
Contrast induced nephropathy in patients of acute coronary syndrome with normal renal functions undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Mumtaz Maroosh Mumtaz , Qurratulain Fatima Qurratulain , Umair Farhan Umair , Nasim Sadia Nasim , Ali Hafiz Rashid Ali , Zafar Kashif Zafar
Published: October 2022

Background: Contrast induced nephropathy is a well-known entity but it is less known that whether cardiac disease is a risk factor for this complication. Contrast induced nephropathy (CIN) is related with increase mortality and morbidity and the chances of this complication rises in patients who have coronary artery disease (CAD).

Objective: The objective of the study is to identify the frequency of contrast induced nephropathy in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention who have normal baseline renal functions.

Material and methods: This cross sectional study conducted at angiography department of Punjab Institute of Cardiology, Lahore over a period of 2 years from January 2015 to January 2017. Patients regardless of gender with age of 30 - 65 years, diabetic or non-diabetics were included. Patients with renal disease or serum creatinine > 2 mg/dl at presentation or any other co-morbid medical illness, LV ejection fraction <30% were excluded from study. All the patients underwent coronary angioplasty. Renal function tests were checked 48 hours after procedure. The patients who had their creatinine level raised by 0.5mg/dl after 48hrs were labeled as sufferers of contrast induced nephropathy (CIN).

RESULTS

Results were compiled after studying the specific variables. Out of 5400 patients who underwent coronary angioplasty, 2988 (55.4%) patients were males & 2412 (44.6%) were females. Out of 5400 patients, 936 (17.33 %) suffered from CIN after PCI.

Patients suffered from CIN when following volume of contrast was used: <100ml, 36 (3.84%) patients, 100-200 ml, 288 (30.7%) patients and >200ml, 612 (65.3%) patients. According to the age group following patients suffered from CIN: 30-40 years, 72 (8.6%) patients, 41-55 years, 288 (11.2 %) patients and 56-65 years 576 (28.5%) patients. Out of 2988 male patients, 324 (10.8 %) patients suffered from CIN (p=0.06). Similarly, out of 2412 females 612 (25.3 %) patients had CIN (p=0.05). In 936 patients suffering from CIN, 684(73.1%) patients were diabetic and 252 (26.9%) were non-diabetic.

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Conclusion: There is a high frequency of contrast induced nephropathy in elderly and diabetic patients who undergo PCI even if they have normal preexisting renal functions, so this complication can be avoided by the minimum use of contrast during the procedure
Approach to Interpretation of Chest X-ray
Authors: Noeman Zuha
Published: October 2022

Radiological examination of chest by doing X-ray chest is now considered as part of initial screening of the patients. It is a cheap, easily available and cost effective investigation which gives quite important information in the management of clinical patients. Following approach may be recommended for the interpretation of x-ray chest which may be used by trainee doctors appearing for their specialty examination. This approach may be labeled as �chest radiograph assessment using mnemonic� ABCDEFGHI �.1
A. AIRWAY:
Use �PIER�. First look for the position of the patient whether supine, erect, AP/ PA/ lateral view.
Look for whether it is inspiratory film or not, by counting number of ribs (one should be able to see 10-11 ribs). Then evaluate for well exposed film. Lastly, look for any rotation i.e. space between medial clavicle ends and vertebral column should be equal. Look for any tracheal deviation
B. BONES AND SOFT TISSUES:
Evaluate bone patency and soft tissues for any emphysema or swelling.
C. CARDIAC SHADOW:
Evaluate heart size. The size should be less than 50% on PA view and less than 60% on AP view. Look for cardiac shape / borders, calcification and any prosthetic valves.
D. DIAPHRAGM:
Look for any diaphragmatic flattening or eventration/ elevation. Also look for stomach bubble for free gas.
E. EFFUSIONS:
Look for blunting of costo-phrenic and cardio-phrenic angles which indicate presence of pleural effusion etc.
F. FIELDS, FISSURES AND FOREIGN BODIES:
Look for lung infiltrates, masses, consolidation, pneumothorax etc.
Look for pulmonary vascular markings and any peripheral pruning.
Look for presence of any ETT, NG tube, pacemaker leads, central lines etc.
Look for sternal clips etc
G. GREAT VESSELS/ GASTRIC BUBBLE:
Check for Aortic knuckle and dilatation. Also look for size of pulmonary artery and central plethora. Look for gastric bubble as well.
H. HILA AND MEDIASTINUM:
Evaluate hila on both sides for lymph nodes, calcification or masses. Look for widening of mediastinum to rule out aortic dissection, retrosternal goiter/ thymus etc.
I. IMPRESSION:
After following all the above approach, a final impression should be made.2
Fig. no. 1: Anatomical landmarks on X-ray chest
Fig. no. 2: X-ray chest PA view
Fig.no. 3 Different common pathologies noticed on X-ray chest
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Depression in Various Ethnic Groups of Pakistan after Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Ali Ahmed Ali , Iqbal Khalid Iqbal , Kumar Dileep Kumar , Sagheer Tahir Sagheer , Kumar Suresh Kumar , Parkash Chander Parkash
Published: October 2022

Background: Depression is very common among individuals recovering from a chronic illness with long-term or recurrent hospitalization. Post-myocardial infarction patients are at risk of developing depression and is considered to be a risk for elevated mortality.

Aims and Objective: To determine the frequency of depression among various ethnic groups of patients post primary percutaneous coronary intervention for acute myocardial infarction.

Material and Methods: �A cross-sectional study was conducted at the out-patients department of NICVD, Pakistan for a duration of six months from February 2021 to July 2021. Total 256 patients aged between 18 to 85 years, were diagnosed with STEMI, and had undergone PCI were included in the study. Patients with prior diagnosis of CAD or had prior history of psychological problems were excluded from the study. Patients were interviewed for depression by using Beck's depression inventory (BDI). Patients scoring > 10 were labeled as having depression.

Results: Out of 256 patients, 122 (48.8%) patients were screened positive for depressive symptoms.� Out of these, about 21.1% had mild depression, 16% had borderline clinical depression, 10.5% had moderate depression, while about 0.8% had severe depression. Age of 71 years and above, female gender, diabetes, hypertension, and sedentary lifestyle were all significantly correlated with increased risk of depression in post-MI patients with BDI scores of 17.64 � 7.9 (<0.0001), 13.54 � 7.53 (0.015), 14.47 � 7.61 (p<0.0001), 13.52 � 6.83 (p<0.0001), and 16.69 � 7.57 (p<0.0001), respectively.

Conclusion: After percutaneous coronary intervention for MI, depression was found in almost half of the patients. However, as per our study, the risk for depression is independent of ethnic background.
Village Fund Management Accountability in Disadvantaged Village Cluster
Authors: Sufi Rifai
Published: October 2022

This study aims to analyze how the implementation of village fund management and the concept of Village Fund Management Accountability in the underdeveloped Village Cluster in Bobane Indah Village, West Patani District, Central Halmahera Regency. The method in this research is qualitative. Data collection was carried out using in-depth interview methods. Village observations and documents such as APBDes and Budget Realization Reports for 2019 and 2020. The number of informants in this research is 5 (five) informants who are village officials. The results of the study indicate that the Accountability of Village Fund management in Bobane Indah Village has met the procedures and compliance in administrative village financial management has met the requirements that apply normatively and assessment with indicators of compliance with procedures, indicators of expectations, and targets of officers, indicators of conformity between targets and program achievements, indicators of budget transparency and financial accountability, indicators of social interaction regarding the management of Village Funds in Bobane Indah Village have been realized.
Respiratory distress and ideal moment of orotracheal intubation
Authors: Alessa Castro Ribeiro , de Oliveira Pires Jéssika
Published: October 2022

OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the respiratory distress of patients diagnosed with Acute Viral Bronchiolitis (AVB), using the Respiratory Discomfort Scale (Wood-Downes) - Ferrés and correlate the score of the Wood-Downes-Ferrés respiratory scale at the time of orotracheal intubation. METHODS: This is an observational study with design and quantitative character. The assessment of respiratory distress was performed before the time of tracheal intubation using the Wood-Downes scale according to the modification made by Ferrés. The assessment was carried out through the sum of the items: assessment of wheezing, circulation, respiratory rate (RF), heart rate (HR), ventilation and cyanosis, already containing classification and final severity scores. RESULTS: 15 patients were included in the study. Of the patients included, 60% of the sample is female, with a mean age of 4.86 months. RSV etiology was observed in 40% of patients. Four patients included in the study were transferred to another service, due to the lack of pediatric intensive care at the Hospital Geral do Grajau, and it was not possible to collect data on their clinical evolution. CONCLUSION: It is concluded that through the scale of respiratory distress (Wood-Downes) – Ferrés, it was possible to analyze the severity of acute respiratory failure in the patients analyzed in this study. It is necessary that a thorough assessment be made by all members of the multiprofessional team so that appropriate conduct is directed.
Construction of an Index Tracker for Debt Sustainability Assessment in the Philippines
Authors: Allado Armin Paul , Lim Lance Nicklaus , Tulauan Neri Angelie , Abreu Marvin Kyle , Agabin Patricia Louise , Regio Jaoquin Charles
Published: October 2022

With economies around the world facing more dire challenges as an immediate result of the COVID-19 pandemic, the need for national governments to borrow funds has grown. The abrupt increase in debt level highlights the importance of implementing suitable models to project emerging debt scenarios and assess debt sustainability. Given that sustainable debt levels vary from country to country, we applied the IMF’s Debt Sustainability Analysis to assess the Philippines’ debt burden over time to be used as an input in the construction of a debt index tracker that incorporates other relevant fiscal and economic indicators. The index tracker serves as an aggregate barometer on whether debt levels have breached the sustainable threshold level. Furthermore, we will utilize the debt tracker to show the implicit debt ceiling and the available fiscal policy room that can respond to the next potential shock.
Olhares sobre a violência
Authors: Judikael Castelo Branco  , Lara Rocha
Published: October 2022

Este artigo aborda a violência a partir de três perspectivas filosóficas distintas: o existencialismo de Jean-Paul Sartre, o pensamento político de Hannah Arendt e a lógica da filosofia de Eric Weil. A relevância do tema se destaca por sua triste atualidade e os três autores relacionados testemunham alguns dos caminhos escolhidos pela filosofia contemporânea para lidar com um desafio absolutamente incontornável.
PENGARUH KUALITAS PRODUK MAKANAN DAN PELAYANAN TERHADAP KEPUASAN TAMU DI NOSTALGIA RESTAURANT THE SIDJI HOTEL PEKALONGAN
Authors: Ika Pratiwi
Published: October 2022

This  research   was  conducted   at  Nostalgia   Restaurant   The  Sidji  Hotel Pekalongan which aims to analyze and explain the influence of food product quality and service on guest satisfaction  which is experiencing  poorly good conditions including color, appearance, portion, tecture, temperature and level of maturity of a food  product  not in accordance  with  guest  expectations  and  there  are some infrastructure services that do not meet the standards in providing services to guests. The research data were obtained through questionnaires and interviews. The sample used in the study was 100 respondents. The research results are expected to provide useful information for the manager and guest satisfaction. The data obtained were processed   using   descriptive   analysis   and   quantitative   statistical   analysis. Quantitative analysis uses multiple regression analysis to determine the effect of the independent variable on the dependent variable, model test, hypothesis testing, and however before the test is carried out, the validity and reliability tests are conducted first. The results of the regression analysis show that there is an increase in the quality of food products and services on guest satisfaction. Then the test results of multiple regression analysis show a significant F value, with a correlation value of determination  R2 square of 0.598. This shows that the quality of food products and services significantly affects guest satisfaction together with a close relationship of 59.8%. This shows that to increase guest satisfaction, it is necessary to increase the quality of products, both food and beverages served to guests, as well as excellent service in accordance with guest expectations.
Transformasi Taksonomi Bloom dalam Evaluasi Pembelajaran Berbasis HOTS
Authors: Listiani Welas , Rachmawati Rachmawati
Published: October 2022

Penelitian ini mempunyai tujuan untuk mendeskripsikan transformasi taksonomi Bloom dalam evaluasi pembelajaran berbasis Higher Order Thinking Skills atau HOTS. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif menggunakan metode kajian pustaka. Evaluasi merupakan penilaian terhadap hasil belajar peserta didik. Ada tiga hasil belajar yang dapat dinilai. Salah satunya adalah kemampuan kognitif atau pengetahuan. Penilain ini dilakukan sesuai dengan ranah kognitif taksonomi Bloom. Namun,  mengalami transformasi atau perubahan pada tahun 2001. Perubahan tersebut berupa C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, dan C6 dari pengetahuan, pemahaman, penerapan, analisis, sintesis, dan evaluasi menjadi mengingat, memahami, menerapkan, menganalisis, mengevaluasi, dan mencipta. Selain itu, revisi taksonomi Bloom menunjukkan adanya perubahan dari kata benda menjadi kata kerja. HOTS meliputi menganalisis, mengevaluasi, dan mencipta. Menyusun soal HOTS harus memperhatikan kata kerja operasional dari C4, C5, dan C6 taksonomi Bloom yang sudah direvisi. HOTS merupakan keterampilan berpikir tingkat tinggi yang berada pada level penalaran.
Pengembangan Media Pohon Interaksi Rainbowsalt Untuk Kelas V Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Pradani Eka Alvionita Bella , Nugroho Arya Setya , Alfiansyah Iqnatia
Published: October 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan media pembelajaran pohon interaksi untuk materi interaksi sosial kelas V sekolah dasar di UPT Negeri 39 Gresik. Proses pengembangan ini menggunakan model 4D Thiagarajan yang terdiri dari 4 tahap yaitu, tahap pendefinisian (define), tahap perancangan (design), tahap pengembangan (develop), tahap penyebarluasan (disseminate). Namun pada penelitian ini peneliti memodifikasi hingga tahap pengembangan (develop), dikarenakan keterbatasan waktu, biaya, dan adanya pandemic Covid-19. Subjek pada penelitian ini adalah validator ahli media yaitu Bapak M. Fadloli Aziz, S.Si., M.Pd dan Bapak Syaiful Huda, S.Pd., M.Si serta validator ahli materi yaitu Bapak Drs. Sumarjono Kepala SekoIah UPT Negeri 39 Gresik dan Ibu Sulis Poniwati, S.Pd Guru wali kelas V UPT Negeri 39 Gresik dan peserta didik kelas V UPT Negeri 39 Gresik. Teknik pengumpulan data dan instrument yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah lembar validasi ahli media, lembar validasi ahli materi, dan lembar angket peserta didik. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data validator dari ahli media dan ahli materi yang dilakukan, menunjukkan bahwa pengembangan media pembelajaran pohon interaksi untuk materi interaksi sosial ini memenuhi kevalidan yang telah ditentukan. Hasil dari validator ahli media dan ahli materi memperoleh skor yaitu 91 dengan dikategorikan valid, lalu untuk lembar angket peserta didik mendapatkan skor yaitu 88,33 yang artinya efektif dengan dikategorikan sangat setuju. Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa media pembelajaran pohon interaksi ini dapat disajikan dalam proses pembelajaran.
La formación inicial de los cuerpos de Policía de la Ciudad de México (UNIPOL)
Authors: Flores Cruz Dulce Karina
Published: October 2022

La Universidad de la Policía de la Ciudad de México es la instancia encargada de llevar a cabo los procesos de reclutamiento y formación de policías preventivos y de tránsito. Dichos policías deben acreditar el curso básico de formación policial, el cual tiene una duración de seis meses. Además, los procesos y ciertas partes del curso sufrieron cambios durante la pandemia del covid 19. Por lo anterior, se plantea una propuesta para la profesionalización de los cuerpos de Policía de la Ciudad de México.
Entre la Guardia Nacional y el Modelo Nacional de Policía y Justicia Cívica. Reflexiones criminológicas más allá de la coyuntura política
Authors: García Huitron Alan
Published: October 2022

A dos años de culminar el mandato del actual Gobierno de México, uno de los asuntos públicos que más ha ocupado la agenda y los espacios públicos y privados ha sido el concerniente a la (in)seguridad, las violencias y la delincuencia. No es casual, uno de los objetivos que esta administración federal se trazó, desde su precampaña, fue precisamente la recuperación de la paz a través de estrategias de seguridad distintas a las de anteriores sexenios. Este texto reflexiona criminológicamente sobre las dos principales políticas de seguridad: la Guardia Nacional, que sustituyó a la Policía Federal, y el Modelo Nacional de Policía y Justicia Cívica, que busca fortalecer a las policías locales; un ejercicio que, más allá de la coyuntura política, explora anclajes de discusión de mayor amplitud y complejidad que permitan repensar el papel de las policías y la seguridad ante los actuales escenarios de gobernanza, democracia y derechos humanos.
School Clothing Grant in Scotland: Policy Briefing
Authors: Shanks Rachel
Published: October 2022

A researcher at the University of Aberdeen has found that almost 20% (n=70) of secondary schools in Scotland specify an exclusive supplier for school uniform. The research shows that almost every secondary school has a compulsory uniform (over 96%). Of the 343 schools with a compulsory uniform, 320 uniforms include a school tie, 235 include a blazer and 200 schools ban jeans. While the Scottish Government has called for the automatic payment of benefits such as the national minimum clothing grant , only 6 local authorities make automatic awards of this grant when families are applying for other benefits. Nine local authorities roll over the school clothing grant into the next school year without requiring families to re-apply and 1 local authority has both automatic grants and rollover of school clothing grant in place.
Changes in the crisis management policy – a case study of Poland
Authors: Kunikowski Grzegorz , Kisilowski Marek
Published: October 2022

This article aims to provide insights into the research conducted in 2019 when recommendations for changes in the Act on Crisis Management in Poland were formulated and to evaluate the changes introduced in the form of an amendment to the Act on Crisis Management in 2020. The research presented in the article is based on the assessment of the recommendations formulated by the authors in 2019 according to the trends in public crisis management (New Public Management, Public Governments) made in comparison to the literature in this area. The practical part of the presented research consists of a comparative analysis in four categories (General, Risk, Critical Infrastructure, Other) and a discussion of the compliance of the formulated recommendations with the changes in the amended act in 2020. The research showed that the recommendations formulated in 2019 were accurate, especially in the categories of Risk and Critical Infrastructure. The recommendations in the General category relate to the concept of security at the state level, but not to this law on crisis management and thus appear to be neutral. In the theoretical context, compliance of individual recommendations with the trends in public management was indicated.
Leaving Early: The Reality of Assisted Suicide and Euthanasia in 2022
Authors: H. Plumer Michael , C. Cecil Margaret
Published: October 2022

If cancer becomes a terminal illness, cancer patients may want to consider their options for managing the end of life. Palliative care and hospice give patients control over pain and symptoms at the end of life, but patients may want to know how to pursue more direct actions to end a life that feels too burdensome. This chapter provides a nonjudgmental look at legal ways to end one’s own life in 2022. Where is assisted suicide legal in the world, including a detailed look at laws in those United States of America (USA) states that protect it? Where can a doctor provide and administer lethal drugs, providing euthanasia? What restrictions to access exist? What help and guidance are available? What options realistically exist beyond prescribed drugs, without turning to firearms and leaping from buildings? This chapter is not a how-to-end-it guide, but a brief survey of the options a patient might feel impelled to explore.
Subterranean Waters in Riviera Maya of the Yucatan Peninsula: Vulnerability and the Importance of Monitoring
Authors: M. Mejía-Ortíz Luis , L. Collantes-Chávez-Costa Alejandro , López-Contreras Cruz , Frausto-Martínez Oscar
Published: October 2022

The Mexican Caribbean coast has great scenic beauty both on the surface and underwater, which is why it has been a developing area for tourism since the 1970s, establishing sites such as Cancun and Playa del Carmen and empowering others such as Cozumel and Tulum. Their biological richness is enormous, especially in the Mesoamerican Reef of which they are a part. However, this richness and scenic beauty are not possible without the ecological assemblages that exist within these regions’ adjacent ecosystems, mainly the surrounding seasonally dry tropical forest and the coastal wetlands that, together with the oceanographic characteristics of the Caribbean Sea, potentiate it, turning the region into the most visited in Latin America. To this end, groundwater plays a very important role in the assemblages of biotic and abiotic elements that are shared with the Caribbean Sea; thus, its constant monitoring allows us to identify how the changes that occur in the tropical forest are producing various changes in the composition and abundance of coastal reef elements. Here, we present results of our study of groundwater conditions (temp, pH, oxygen dissolved, and salinity) in nineteen cenotes and underground rivers of the Riviera Maya and six cenotes of Cozumel. We also profiled the predominant vegetation on the surface of this region, which is a seasonally dry tropical forest, to understand the components and functioning of these subterranean ecosystems to assess their vulnerability and identify their threats from human development (population growth, tourism development, mobility capacity). These threats not only affect the cave and coastal organisms but also the tropical karstic landscapes that are characteristic of these systems.
Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia – The Main Effect of 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency
Authors: Carvalho Berta , Carvalho Filipa , Carvalho Davide
Published: October 2022

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) consists of a group of autosomal recessive disorders resulting from enzymatic defects in steroidogenesis. More than 95% of CAH cases result from a deficiency of the 21-hydroxylase enzyme, which leads to cortisol deficiency, with or without aldosterone insufficiency, and also an excess of androgen. The clinical spectrum varies from milder symptoms to severe cases settled by the functional impairment of the corresponding pathogenic variant in the CYP21A2 gene. The two major forms of CAH caused by 21-hydroxylase deficiency are the classical form and the non-classic, or late onset form. There are two subtypes of the classic form: salt wasting and simple virilized. Diagnosis is clinically confirmed by 17OH-progesterone measurements, although genotyping is now progressively assuming an essential role for characterising patients. Genotyping is sometimes challenging, due to the existence of the highly homologous CYP21A1P pseudogene. The 21-hydroxylase enzyme is encoded by the CYP21A2 gene, where most of the pathogenic variants defects are due to meiotic recombination phenomena events between the CYP21A2 and CYP21A1P. Complete gene analysis is recommended to obtain a correct diagnosis and a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms of the disease in patients with CAH, and is relevant for prognosis and for prescribing the appropriate type of genetic counselling.
Plasticity Model Required to Prevent Geotechnical Failures in Tectonic Earthquakes
Authors: Hsu Tse-Shan
Published: October 2022

Although geotechnical engineering design must meet seismic design specifications, many geotechnical failures, including foundations, retaining walls, and slopes, have nevertheless occurred during tectonic earthquakes. The evaluation of the ultimate bearing capacity of the foundation, the active and passive earth pressure of the retaining wall, and the safety factor of the slope all need to use the shear failure band and soil plasticity models at the same time. In view of this, it is first proven that shear failure bands can only appear in the strain softening model. Secondly, it is shown through case studies that traditional evaluation methods for determining the foundation ultimate bearing capacity, the active earth pressure of the retaining wall, and the safety factor of slope stability all adopt both the shear failure band and the perfectly plastic soil model. Since the perfectly plastic soil model is incompatible with shear failure bands, this results in a large number of foundations, retaining walls, and slopes failing during tectonic earthquakes. Based on the research results, it is suggested that a soil strain softening model compatible with shear failure bands be adopted in the analysis of geotechnical engineering projects so as to ensure safety during tectonic earthquakes.
Receptor Kinases and Signal Pathway in the Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis
Authors: Wu Jiashan , Wang Weiyun , Zhu Hui , Cao Yangrong
Published: October 2022

Most terrestrial plants establish symbiotic interactions with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) to acquire phosphorus and nitrogen nutrients. The current understanding regarding how plants recognize symbiotic signals has now been updated. Plant Lysin-Motif receptor kinases, that is, rice OsCERK1 and OsMYR1 or orthologs from other plants, perceive Myc factor, a lipochitooligosaccharide from AMF, to initiate symbiotic signaling pathway. The Myc factor receptor model is quite similar to the known Nod factor receptors required for rhizobial symbiosis and chitin receptors for chitin-triggered immunity. Thus, the open question is how plants use similar receptor complexes to recognize structurally similar molecules to induce different signaling pathways. Upon recognition of Myc/Nod factors signaling, LysM receptors could activate the symbiosis receptor kinase (SymRK), which is an essential component of common symbiotic signaling pathway (CSSP) for both mycorrhizal symbiosis and rhizobial symbiosis. Downstream of SymRK, a clear module in the CSSP by CCaMK-CYCLOPS-DELLA was identified to promote both mycorrhizal symbiosis by activating the expression of RAM1, and rhizobial symbiosis by forming a complex with NSP1/NSP2 to regulate the expression of NIN. In this chapter, we discussed the roles of receptor kinases and CSSP in mycorrhizal symbiosis, as well as in rhizobial symbiosis.
Clinical Profile, Patterns of Care and Outcomes of Childhood CNS Tumours in India
Authors: Kumar Mullapally Sujith , Dusi Vidyasagar , Digumarti Raghunadharao
Published: October 2022

Paediatric CNS tumours are the third most common childhood malignancy in India. They account for 14% of all cancers in the 1–14 years age group. There is dearth of adequate prospective or retrospective studies about patterns of care and outcomes. There is male preponderance. Primitive Neuro-ectodermal tumours (PNET) are the most common histology followed by astrocytoma and other gliomas among children from 0 to 19 years. Surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy are the main modalities of treatment. Available data points to underutilisation of radiotherapy in clinical practice due to the fear of non-compliance. Paediatric CNS tumours outcomes are different from adult brain tumours due to their aggressive histology, variable clinical presentations, delay in diagnosis, etc. There is also shortage of adequate multidisciplinary paediatric neuro-oncology units in the country. Future directions include setting up more dedicated paediatric neuro-oncology units, implementation of new 2022 WHO classification by adopting molecular testing across different histology’s, use of better radiation technology to prevent long term neurocognitive and other late effects and survivorship clinics to monitor for late effects and rehabilitate the childhood cancer survivors and, perhaps a registry. These issues are discussed in detail in this chapter.
Transient Crystal Structure of Oscillating Quartz
Authors: Aoyagi Shinobu , Takeda Hiroaki
Published: October 2022

Piezoelectric quartz oscillators are widely used to provide a stable clock signal for watches and other electric circuits. The electrically induced mechanical vibration of quartz will be caused by ionic displacements of cationic Si and anionic O sublattices against each other. However, the transient and small ionic displacements during the mechanical vibration cannot be observed by usual X-ray structure analysis. The electrically induced mechanical vibration of quartz is resonantly amplified under an alternating electric field with the resonant frequency. We have revealed the amplified lattice strain and ionic displacements in a resonantly vibrating quartz crystal under an alternating electric field by time-resolved X-ray diffraction. The details of the experiment and application of the technique to other piezoelectric oscillators are introduced in this chapter.
Supercapacitors: Fabrication Challenges and Trends
Authors: Su Yi , Sawan Mohamad
Published: October 2022

Supercapacitors have shown great potential as important complements to batteries. We first describe the principle of supercapacitors, including the categories and the main components of supercapacitors. In the second part, we compare the advantages of supercapacitors with other energy storage devices, and then the power densities of active materials are compared with each other. In the third part, we show how various technologies are used to fabricate electrodes and supercapacitors. In the last part, several applications are presented, showing the high value of supercapacitors, including hybrid vehicles, solar cells, and wearable and portable devices.
Formation of Financial Literacy in Primary School Students
Authors: Kuzma Iryna , Chaikovska Hanna , Levchyk Iryna , Yankovych Oleksandra
Published: October 2022

The innovative methodology of the financial literacy formation in primary school students has been theoretically substantiated, the research has been carried out on the basis of education for success in life (integration of media education, financial education and education for sustainable development) and the relationship between the pedagogy of success and the pedagogy of heart. The structure of financial literacy has been determined. The model of the methodology of formation of financial literacy in primary school students has been developed, the key components of the suggested methodology include aim, content (structure of financial literacy, theoretical and methodical foundations of its formation, expected results of educational programs) components; algorithm of the arranged activities of students, parents and teachers on the basis of partnership pedagogy; the selected forms, methods, means of formation of financial competencies, diagnostic tools and the expected result. The experimental methodology resulted in a significant increase in the growth of financial literacy indicators in EG. The efficiency of the formation of financial literacy in primary school students has been proved with the help of the main findings of the research.
Yüzeyaltı Damla Sulamada Fasılalı Sulama Uygulamalarının Silajlık Mısırda Verim ve Kalite Parametrelerine Etkisi
Authors: GÜLTEKİN Rohat
Published: October 2022

Yürütülen tez çalışmasında, yüzeyaltı damla sulamada fasılalı sulama uygulamalarının toprakta nem dağılımına etkisi incelendi. Toprakta yarayışlı suyun %30’u tüketildiğinde mevcut nemi tarla kapasitesine getirmek için gerekli sulama suyu F0: tek seferde, F1: bir kesintiyle F2: iki kesintiyle, F3: üç kesintiyle uygulandı. Toprakta nem dağılımını izlemek için toprağın 0.35 m derinliğine gömülü lateral hattındaki damlatıcı noktasından 5-20-35 cm yatay uzaklıkta ve toprağın 0-30, 30-60, 60-90 cm derinliklerinden nötron metre cihazı ile her sulamadan bir gün sonra nem ölçümleri yapıldı. Elde edilen bulgulara göre, su kullanım etkinliği (WUE) ve sulama suyu kullanım etkinliği (IWUE) açısından uygulamalar arasında istatistiksel bir fark bulunmamıştır (p>0.05). Sulama uygulamalarının silaj (yeşil ot) verimi üzerinde önemli bir etkisi bulunmazken, bazı kalite parametrelerinde (bitki boyu, koçan ağırlığı, gövde ağırlığı, ham kül) istatistiksel farklılıklar bulunmuştur. En yüksek ve en düşük taze silaj verimi, bitki boyu, bitki başına koçanı sayısı, gövde ağırlığı, yaprak ağırlığı, kuru madde oranı, ham kül oranı ve ham protein oranı sırasıyla 8768.9-8064.9 kg da-1, 2.44-2.34 m., 1.28-1.13, 0.438-0.374 kg., 0.234-0.212 kg, 41.5%-39.0%, 7.2%-5.2% ve %7,0-6,7 olarak elde edilmiştir.
Effect of nitrogen and potassium fertilization on fruit yield and quality in kiwifruit
Authors: TARAKÇIOĞLU Ceyhan , ÖZTÜRK Yasin
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT In this research, increasing doses of nitrogen (8-16-24-32 kg N da-1) and potassium (0-8-16-24-32-40 kg K2O da-1) fertilizers were applied to Hayward kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa) to determine their effects on the yield and some fruit quality characteristics. The research was started in a kiwi orchard established in 2004 in Ordu, in the vegetation period of 2015-2016, and was carried out in a randomized block design with 4 replications for two years. In general, the yield decreased with increasing N rates while it increased irregularly with the increasing K rates, and the highest yield was achieved by applying 24 kg of N and 40 kg of K2O per decare in both years. Nitrogen fertilization provided a somewhat increase in fruit weight in the first year and tended to decrease in the second year. Total antioxidant capacity generally showed a fluctuating trend in the first year and an increasing trend in the second year considering the nitrogen application. With increasing potassium applications, the total antioxidant activity and vitamin C content of fruits increased up to a certain level and then decreased. Total soluble solids content (SSC) and titratable acidity (TA) generally tended to decrease with potassium applications. Although fruit firmness generally varied considerably with nitrogen and potassium applications, higher fruit firmness was observed at higher doses. Nitrogen application generally increased the total phenolic content. When the yield, fruit weight and fruit quality were evaluated together, it was determined that 16 kg N and 32 kg K2O application per decare was more appropriate.
A Qualitative, Multiperspective Inquiry of Multiple Sclerosis Telemedicine in the United States
Authors: Roth Erin G. , Minden Sarah L. , Maloni Heidi W. , Miles Zipporah J. , Wallin Mitchell T.
Published: October 2022

BACKGROUND

Telemedicine has expanded access to high-quality, appropriate, and affordable health care for people with multiple sclerosis (MS). This study explored how the expansion of MS telemedicine is perceived and experienced by people with MS, health care providers (HCPs), and payers and policy experts (PYs).

METHODS

Forty-five semistructured interviews with 20 individuals with MS, 15 HCPs, and 10 PYs were conducted between September 2020 and January 2021. The interviews were recorded on a televideo platform, transcribed, and analyzed for themes using qualitative data software.

RESULTS

Interviews revealed the following 4 themes. Technology: Telemedicine increases access and convenience. Technical challenges were the most cited downside to telemedicine. Clinical encounters: Confidence in MS care via telemedicine varies. Virtual “house calls” have clinical benefits. Financing and infrastructure: Reimbursement parity is critical to utilization and expansion of telemedicine. Stakeholders are hopeful and fearful as infrastructure and business models begin to shift. Shifting expectations: The familiar structure of the office visit is currently absent in telemedicine. Telemedicine visits need more intentionality from both providers and patients.

CONCLUSIONS

Telemedicine is an efficient, convenient way to deliver and receive many aspects of MS care. To expand telemedicine care, many HCPs need more training and experience, people with MS need guidance to optimize their care, and PYs in the United States need to pass legislation and adjust business models to incorporate benefits and reimbursement for telemedicine health in insurance plans. The future is promising for the ongoing use of telemedicine to improve MS care, and stakeholders should work to preserve and expand the policy changes made during the COVID-19 pandemic.