bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A MODEL FOR THE GROWTH OF GRAINS IN A PLASMA
Authors: WANG LONG  ,   中国科学院物理研究所，北京　100080
Published: November 2020

The growth process of microsize charged grains is investigated. Two growth mechanisms of collecting ion flow and coagulation are considered, in which the latter dominates and forms a monodisperse distribution of grain size. A simplified physical model has been suggested on the basis of energy equipartition theorem and a dynamic equation for the distribution function of grain size has been deduced. The preliminary computational results are in agreement with the above consideration on the growth mechanisms.
ROLES OF STM TIP AND EXTERNAL ELECTRIC FIELD IN THE SINGLE ATOM MANIPULATION ON Si(111)-7×7 SURFACE
Authors: LI QUN-XIANG  , YANG JIN-LONG  , DING CHANG-GENG  , WANG KE-LIN  , LI JIA-MING  ,   (1)清华大学单原子分子测控科学中心,北京　100084；中国科学院物理研究所，北京　100080; (2)中国科学技术大学基础物理中心，合肥　230026; (3)中国科学技术大学选键化学开放实验室，合肥　230026；中国科学技术大学基础物理中心，合肥　230026
Published: November 2020

The roles of STM tungsten tip and external static electric field in single corner silicon adatom extracting from Si(111)-7×7 surface are studied using discrete variational-local density functional (DV-LDF) method with cluster models. The binding energy and the different charge density distri-bution of the system are calculated under various conditions. The results show that, the activation barrier decreasing is a chemical effect due to the procimity of the eletrodes. The effect of external electric field depends on its polarity. A monotonous decrease in the activation barrier is seen for positive bias case, while a small increasing is seen for negative bias case. The single corner silicon adatom cannot transfer from the sample surface if only considering the role of the static interaction among the tip, external electric field and sample surface. The mechanisms of atomic manipulation on semiconductor surfaces are discussed.
GAMMA IRRADIATION ON ROOM TEMPERATURE SHOPR-WAVELENGTH HgCdTe PHOTOVOLTAIC DEVICE STUDIED BY ADMITTANCE SPECTROSCOPY
Authors: HU XIN-WEN  , ZHAO JUN  , LU HUI-QING  , LI XIANG-YANG  , FANG JIA-XIONG  ,   中国科学院传感技术国家重点实验室、上海技术物理研究所，上海　200083
Published: November 2020

Admittance Spectroscopy (AS) measurements have been performed on n+-on-p Hg1-xCdxTe(x=0.6) photodiodes. Before gamma-irradiation, a deep level located 0.15 eV above the valence band is observed, its trap density Nt=4.8×1015cm-3 with the capture cross section of approximately 2.2×10-17cm2, which is probablely induced by a compound defect correlated with Hg vacancy. After 104 Gy gamma-irradiation, a new trap center located 0.19 eV above the valence band is found, and the pre-irradiation trap level 0.15 eV above the valence band is no longer seen. The trap densities for these two levels are almost the same. This defect level change ultimately makes the device performance deteriorated.
NMR STUDIES ON SELF DIFFUSION COEFFICIENTS OF LITHIUM IONS IN PAN-BASED GEL POLYMER ELECTROLYTES
Authors: LI ZI-RONG  , MENG QING-AN  , GUAN DI-HUA  , WANG GANG  ,   (1)北京科技大学化学系，北京 100083; (2)中国科学院物理研究所磁学国家实验室，北京 100080; (3)中国科学院物理研究所和凝聚态物理中心，北京 100080
Published: November 2020

The self diffusion coefficients D of lithium ions in PAN-EC/PC-LiClO4 gel polymer electrolytes with different compositions and at different temperatures have been directly measured by field gradient NMR spin echo technique. The results indicated that self diffusion coefficients D of lithium ions were dependent on the mass ratio x% of lithium salt, and had a maxiumum at x=10 in the range of x=5 to 20. It was suggested that this was probably involved with transport mechanisms of the hopping of lithium ions, and with two kinds of interactions: the interaction between Li+ ions and plasticizer EC, and the interaction between Li+ ions and network polymer PAN.
THE FOURTH-ORDER INTERFERENCE BETWEEN TWO INDEPENDENT SQUEEZED FIELDS
Authors: ZHANG JUN-XIANG  , HE LING-XIANG  , ZHANG TIAN-CAI  , XIE CHANG-DE  , PENG KUN-CHI  ,   山西大学光电研究所,030006
Published: November 2020

The fourth-order quantum interference of squeezed fields generated by two independent optical parametric oscillators(OPOs) is discussed based on the semi-classical theory. It is shown that at the oscillation threshold of OPOs the squeezing of two output fields is the highest but the fringe visibility of fourth-order interference is the lowest(33.3%). When the pump power is away from the thres-old, the squeezing decreases while the correlation between them increases.
VECTOR THEORY OF OFF-AXIAL GAUSSIAN WAVE
Authors: ZENG XIAO-DONG  , LIANG CHANG-HONG  , AN YU-YING  ,   西安电子科技大学技术物理系,S西安　710071
Published: November 2020

The vector theory to describe off-axial Gaussian wave is proposed, and an accurate far-field propagation formula is derived. The light wave characteristics and propagation properties are discussed in detail, and the comparison between the vector theory and the scalar theory is also made.
SECONDARY ION MASS SPECTROSCOPY AND PHOTOLUMINESCENCE INVESTIGATIONS ON THE GaN EPILAYER GROWN ON Si SUBSTRATE
Authors: ZHANG HAO-XIANG  , LU HUAN-MING  , YE ZHI-ZHEN  , ZHAO BING-HUI  , WANG LEI  , QUE DUAN-LIN  ,   浙江大学硅材料国家重点实验室，杭州 310027
Published: November 2020

In this paper, the growth GaN epilayer on the Si substrate by a novel vacuum reaction method rather than metal-organic chemical vapor deposition and moleculau beam epitaxy is reported. The effects of growth temperature and annealing process on the photoluminescence (PL) of GaN epilayer were investigated. Annealing could weaken the PL and the GaN epilayer grown at 1050℃ exhibited the strongest PL. It was demonstrated in secondary ion mass spectroscopy that both gallium and nitrogen were distributed uniformly within the epilayer, while gallium was segregated on the surface of epilayer. The high carrier concentration (1.7×1018/cm3) was associated with the impurities of silicon and oxygen and native defects existing in the epilayer. In-situ cleaning was proved to be efficient for the removal of oxygen on the silicon substrate.
THE MAGNETISM AND ITS PRESSURE DEPENDENCE OF Fe-Al SYSTEM
Authors: DUAN SU-QING  , LIU SHAO-JUN  , MA BEN-KUN  ,   (1)北京师范大学物理系，北京 100875; (2)北京应用物理与计算数学研究所，北京　100080
Published: November 2020

Using the tight-binding linear muffin-tin orbital(TB-LMTO) method, we investigated the magnetism and its pressure dependence of Fe-Al system in some bcc superstructures. The results indicate that the magnetic moment of Fe in the ferromagnetic state decreases with increasing concentration of Al in the system and the volume-compression. As the concentration of Al in the system is in excess of about 0.5 the magnetism of the system will transform from ferromagnetism to paramagnetism. On the other hand, there are no pressure-induced magnetic phase transitions in the bcc Fe-Al alloys; this is different from that in the fcc Fe(γ-Fe) and some fcc Fe-based alloys. The results are in good agree-ment with the experimental results.
LUMINESCENCE DYNAMICS MODELS FOR RE IONS DOPED MATERIALS
Authors: MA YI  , YAN KUO  , YANG BO  , XIA SHANG-DA  ,   (1)中国科学技术大学结构分析开放研究实验室,合肥 230026；中国科学技术大学物理系，合肥　230026; (2)中国科学技术大学物理系，合肥　230026
Published: November 2020

The effects of energy transfer on luminescence decay curves are studied. Donor-acceptor energy transfer and donor-donor energy migration are considered simultaneously for solving the problems in previous models. Three models named I-H-B,D-H-B and V-F-B are established here. The RE ions luminescence decay curves of the elpasolite system under different conditions are calculated using the above models. The conclusion is that the V-F-B model is the best. Then the luminescence decay curves from the 4G5/2 state to 6H7/2 state of Sm3+ at 170K in Cs2NaSmxY1-xCl6 for six different concentrations are simulated successfully using V-F-B model.
ELECTROLUMINESCENT MECHANISM IN SrS:HoF3 THIN FILM
Authors: ZHAO LI-JUAN  , ZHONG GUO-ZHU  , ZHANG GUANG-YIN  ,   (1)南开大学物理科学学院光子学研究中心，天津 300071；中国科学院长春物理研究所激发态物理开放研究实验室，长春 130021; (2)中国科学院长春物理研究所激发态物理开放研究实验室，长春 130021
Published: November 2020

The spectral characteristics of SrS:HoF3 thin films are investigated. The aim is to analyse the electroluminescent(EL) mechanism in the SrS:HoF3 thin film. Direct impact excitation mechanism is not the main excitation mechanism according to the relation between the EL spectra and the applide voltage. The ionization of the luminescent center could not happen because there is no trailing edge emission whe the thin film is driven by square voltage. Comparing the EL and photoluminescent (PL) spectra, we think the main excitation mechanism is that the hot electrons impact and excite the host and then their energy is transferred to the luminescent centers.
SPONTANEOUS EMISSION FROM A DRIVEN ATOM EMBEDDED IN A PHOTONIC CRYSTAL
Authors: XIE SHUANG-YUAN  , YANG YA-PING  , LIN ZHI-XIN  , WU XIANG  ,   (1)同济大学物理系,上海200092; (2)中国高等科学技术中心,北京 100080；同济大学物理系，上海 200092
Published: November 2020

We have studied the spontaneous emission from a three-level atom with an external-driving field in a photonic crystal. As a result of quantum interference and photon localization, the population in the two upper levels displays quasi-oscillatory or oscillatory behavior. This depends on the initial atomic state and the relative positions of the two upper levels from the forbidden gap. The intensity and the phase of the external field can affect spontaneous emission from the atom. The properties are different from a three-level atom either in vacuum or in a photonic crystal without an external driving field.
LOW-FREQUENCY INTERNAL FRICTION IN Cr75Fe16Mn9
Authors: WU BAI-MEI  , YANG DONG-SHENG  , SHENG SONG  , LIU WEI  , XU WEI-MING  ,   (1)国科学技术大学内耗与固体缺陷开放研究实验室,合肥 230026; (2)中国科学技术大学物理系,合肥 230026; (3)中国科学院北京低温技术实验中心,北京 100080
Published: November 2020

The low-frequency internal friction in Cr75Fe16Mn9 alloy has been measured in temperature range of 100—600K and at frequencies lower that 10Hz. It is found that an internal fraction peak at 450K and corresponding jump of modules exist in the paramagnetic phase. This indicates there is a disorder-order transition on coupling states between individual spins for the Cr and Fe components. There is a broad internal friction peak in the temperature range from 200 to 300K, which consists of a peak at 280K and the extended broad peak at 220—270K. We suggest that this effect is the reflection of the spin density wave antiferromagnetic transition and the coexistence of different magnetic phases in the alloy. Our results reflect the fact that internal friction method would be a sensitive and effective probe for investigating the change of microstructure including electric structure.
UNIVERSAL FORMULA FOR CALCULATING THE MATRIX ELEMENT OF RADIAL OPERATOR OF RELATIVISTIC HYDROGEN ATOM
Authors: HOU CHUN-FENG  , JIANG YONG-YUAN  , SUN XIU-DONG  , SUN WAN-JUN  ,   哈尔滨工业大学物理系，哈尔滨  150001
Published: November 2020

The universal formula for calculating the matrix element of radial operator of relativistic hydrogen atom is established.
A MODEL OF TEMPERATURE AND DEGREE OF CONVER-SION PROFILE FOR SELF-PROPAGATION COMBUSTION SYNTHESIS AND THEORETICAL TEMPERATURE PROFILE OF ZrB2
Authors: XU QI-MING  ,   西安建筑科技大学基础课部，西安 710055
Published: November 2020

Estimate the degree of Conversion at self-ignition temperature, give a more precise temperature and the degree of conversion profiles on self-propagation combustion synthesis (SCS), propose an improved formula of energy conversion on SCS, and calculate the temperature profile function of ZrB2. This profile is in agreement with the experiment for the 95.4% reaction, only on approaching high temperatures deviation occurs.
THE COMPUTATIONAL SIMULATIONS OF THE GAUSSIAN CORRELATION RANDOM SURFACE AND ITS LIGHT-SCATTERING SPECKLE FIELD AND THE ANALYSIS OF THE INTENSITY PROBABILITY DENSITY
Authors: CHENG CHUAN-FU  , QI DONG-PING  , LIU DE-LI  , TENG SHU-YUN  ,   山东师范大学物理系，济南  250014
Published: November 2020

The method for the simulational generation of Gaussian correlation random surfaces is proposed,and the computational simulation of the speckle field produced by this kind of surfaces on the Fraunhofer plane is performed.10000 speckle fieldsamples at each
ENERGY-LEVEL DIFFERENCE AND LASER ABSOLUTE FREQUENCY MEASUREMENT BY POLARIZATION BEATS SPECTROSCOPY WITH PHASE-CONJUGATION GEOMETRY
Authors: ZHANG YAN-PENG  , GAN CHEN-LI  , ZHU JING-PING  , TANG TIAN-TONG  , FU PAN-MING  ,   (1)西安交通大学光电子系，西安  710049; (2)中国科学院物理研究所，北京  100080
Published: November 2020

We have studied the polarization beats spectroscopy with phase-conjugation geometry in a cascade three-level system.It was found that the accuracy for the energy-level difference measurement is determined by the homogeneous linewidths of the optical trans
STUDY OF THE INTER-BAND TRANSITION OF THE GaAs SINGLE-CRYSTAL FILM ON SrTiO3 SUBSTRATE BY MBE
Authors: CHEN YI-DONG  , LIU XING-QUAN  , LU WEI  , SHI GUO-LIANG  , SHEN XUE-CHU  , Q.X.ZHAO  , M.WILLANDER  ,   (1)Department of Physics,Fysikgrand 3,University of Chalmers,S-41296 Gteborg,Sweden; (2)中国科学院上海技术物理研究所，红外物理国家重点实验室，上海  200083
Published: November 2020

This paper reports the molecular beam epitaxy growth of the GaAs single crystal film on the perovskite oxide SrTiO3(001) substrate. The photo modulated reflectance spectroscopy and the photoluminescence measurement show that the energy band gap
INVESTIGATION ON MAGNETIC PROPERTIES AND NARROW DOMAIN WALL OF Tb2Fe17-xSix SINGLE CRYSTALS
Authors: GAO SHU-XIA  , DU JIANG  , TANG CHENG-CHUN  , MENG LI-QIN  , WU GUANG-HENG  , ZHAN WEN-SHAN  , LI YANG-XIAN  , QU JING-PING  , XU GUI-ZHI  ,   (1)河北工业大学，天津  300130; (2)中国科学院物理研究所，磁学国家重点实验室，北京  100080
Published: November 2020

The magnetic properties and narrow domain are investigated.The substitution of silicon for iron leads to the reduction of the lattice parameters,and the significant increase of the Curie temperature from 413K to 526K.The mean field analysis show that the
A STUDY OF THE ELECTRONIC PROPERTIES OF C60 MOLECULES
Authors: TONG GUO-PING  ,   浙江师范大学物理系，金华  321004
Published: November 2020

The local wave function of π electrons is constructed according to the structural property of C60 molecules, and the hopping energies are calculated. For the unequal sp3 hybridization, when the effective nuclear charge number Z=1.112 the energy gap (LUMO-HOMO), bandwidth and ionization threshold (T3g-Hu) obtained by optimizing calculation are 1.70eV,12.19eV and 8.13eV,respectively, these coincide with the experimental results. The corresponding hopping energies are:-2.299eV and -2.113eV for the nearest neighbors; 0.103eV and 0.170eV for the next nearest neighbors; -0.036eV，-0.013eV and -0.005eV for the third neighbors. On the other hand, the computed result also reveals that there are a lot of Rydberg orbitals for C60 molecules.
HOPPING CONDUCTIVITY OF NANOSTRUCTURED CHAIN: REAL-SPACE RENORMALIZATION GROUP APPROACH
Authors: DING JIAN-WEN  , YAN XIAO-HONG  , FANG XIAN-CHENG  , DUAN ZHU-PING  ,   (1)湘潭大学物理系，湖南  411105; (2)湘潭大学物理系，湖南  411105；中国科学院力学研究所，北京  100080; (3)中国科学院力学研究所，北京  100080
Published: November 2020

In terms of Miller-Abrahams' theory, a real-space renormalization group approach is developed to calculate the hopping conductivity of one-dimensional nanostructured chain.It is found that the kinds and the sizes,as well as the interface structures and lattice distortion,of nano-grains have a notable effect on the hopping conductivity of nanostructured systems.
SOLUTIONS FOR THE WAVE FUNCTIONS OF MIXED PAIRING SYMMETRY SUPERCONDUCTORS
Authors: ZHOU SHI-PING  , XU KE-XI  , NIU JIN-HAI  , QU HAI  ,   上海大学物理系，上海  201800
Published: November 2020

We study the pairing symmetry in high-temperature superconductors from the point of view of group theory analysis in the framework of Ginzburg-Landau model. By considering an orthorhombic distortion from C4v point group because of the correlation of intralayers, the two apparent transitions needed in earlier work on mixed s and d state have been removed. The structure of a single vortex is presented by solving the Ginzburg-Landau wave function equations of the mixed s±idx2-y2 state. The analysis of the magnetic field dependence of the transport behaviors including the critical current and the R-T curve expansion reveals the origin of the so-called “eigen-pinning effect” and offers a good interpretation of the experimental observations.
VORTEX LATTICE IN A HIGH-Tc SUPERCONDUCTOR OF MIXED PAIRING SYMMETRY
Authors: QU HAI  , ZHOU SHI-PING  ,   上海大学物理系，上海  201800
Published: November 2020

Starting from a tight binding description,the existence of mixed s-dwave pairing state is discussed. Then,within the framework of the phenomenological G-L theory, the structure of vortex lattice in a high-Tc superconductor is studied.It is shown that there is a strong correlation between the structure of a single vortex and the shape of the vortex lattice.At low temperatures,with the existence of s-wave component and its coupling to d-wave component,the d-wave order parameter and the local magnetic field show tetragonal anisotropy,and the structure of vortex lattice is oblique;however,when the temperature is close to Tc, it may become triangular.
ANISOTROPIC RESISTIVITIES OF SINGLE CRYSTAL Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ WITH DIFFERENT OXYGEN CONTENTS
Authors: YU MIN  , CHEN XIAN-HUI  , RUAN KE-QING  , LI SHI-YAN  , GUI ZHOU  , ZHANG GUO-CHUN  , CHEN ZHU-YAO  , CAO LIE-ZHAO  ,   (1)中国科学技术大学化学系，合肥  230026; (2)中国科学技术大学物理系，合肥  230026; (3)中国科学技术大学物理系，合肥  230026；中国科学技术大学化学系，合肥  230026; (4)中国科学技术大学物理系，合肥  230026；中国科学技术大学结构分析开放实验室，合肥  230026
Published: November 2020

The in-plane resistivity ρab(T) and the out-of-plane ρc(T) have been extensively measured for pure single crystal Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ(Bi2212) annealed at different oxygen pressures.The ρc(T) and anisotropy (ρc(T)/ρab(T)) decrease rapidly with increasing carrier concentration.It is found that the out-of-plane resistivity decreases linearly with decreasing temperature down to about 120K for the overdoped sample,its resistivity anisotropy is of weak temperature dependence.The data of ρc(T) and ρc(T)/ρab(T) are well fitted by the bipolaron theory proposed by Alexandrov and Mott.
CALCULATION OF YRAST BANDS FOR ODD-ODD NUCLEI IN A=80 REGION
Authors: WEN JIA-YAN  , ZHENG REN-RONG  , ZHU SHUN-QUAN  ,   西南师范大学物理系，重庆  400715
Published: November 2020

The yrast bands of odd-odd nuclei in A=80 region are calculated by using the axial rotor plus two quasipaticles model- The results coincide with the experimental data and the point of signature inversion is reproduced accurately-
STUDY ON THE TWO-PHOTON RESONACE-ENHANCED MULTIPHOTON IONIZATION OF CF RADICALS: DETERMINATION AND ANALYSIS OF 5p RYDBERG STATE
Authors: LI QUAN-XIN  , ZHANG QUN  , SHU JI-NIAN  , XU YE-PING  , SONG QIN-HUA  , CHEN CONG-XIANG  , YU SHU-QIN  , MA XING-XIAO  ,   中国科学技术大学化学物理系，合肥  230026；中国科学院选键化学开放研究实验室，合肥  230026
Published: November 2020

In this paper,(2+1) resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization(REMPI) spectra of CF radical between 260—360nm have been investigated- CF radicals were produced by a pulsed dc discharge in the mixtures of Ar/CF4,Ar/CF2Cl2 or Ar/CF3COOH-A new vibrational progression of 5p Rydberg state with band origin of 67746cm-1 were observed between 260—305nm-The vibrational frequency ω′=1848cm-1,inharmonic constant ωe χe′=18-5cm-1 and the quantum defect δ=0-625 have been determined by the assigned REMPI spectra- Furthermore,the (2+1)REMPI spectra of CF radical between 310—360nm,were also observed and assigned as 3p(v′=2—6) resonant excitation- The related spectroscopic constants have been derived-
STUDY OF RED-BLUE-VIOLET PHOTOLUMINESCENCE FROM Ag-BaO NANOMETER THIN FILM(Ⅰ)
Authors: LIN LIN  , WU JIN-LEI  ,   北京大学电子学系，北京  100871
Published: November 2020

Metallic nanoparticles complex thin film is a new kind of promising photoemissive thin film because of its perfect photoemissive properties and extremely fast optical response- We obtained a light-emitting Ag-BaO nanometer thin film using vacuum deposition method- Red-blue-violet range light emission was observed from its photolumine-scence(PL)- We believe that the origin of PL of Ag-BaO thin film is the contribution of the Ag nanoparticles- Compared with its ultraviolet-visible absorption spectra, the mechanism of its PL covering different visible light ranges was analyzed-
GIANT MAGNETORESISTANCE EFFECTS OF MAGNETIC MULTILAYERED FILMS SYSTEM
Authors: DONG ZHENG-CHAO  , ZHAO SHU-YU  ,   淮阴师范学院物理系，淮阴  223001
Published: November 2020

Taking into account the quantum size effects and considering three types of scattering from bulk impurities,rough surfaces and rough interfaces, we use the quantum-statistical Greens function approach and Kubo theory to calculate the giant magnetoresistance (GMR) in magnetic multilayered structures.Our calculations can reproduce the main features of GMR experiment, including the oscillations of GMR with nonmagnetic thickness, and the GMR increases with increasing number of bilayer N of the (Fe/Cr)N/Fe system.Moreover,whether or not additive are the parts of scattering from the impurities, surfaces and interfaces is also discussed.
INFLUENCE OF DEEP LEVELS ON THE PERFORMANCE OF AlGaInP/GaAs HETEROJUNCTION BIPOLAR TRANSISTOR
Authors: ZHANG XING-HONG  , HU YU-SHENG  , WU JIE  , CHENG ZHI-QUN  , XIA GUAN-QUN  , XU YUAN-SEN  , CHEN ZHANG-HAI  , GUI YONG-SHENG  , CHU JUN-HAO  ,   (1)中国科学院红外物理国家重点实验室，上海  200083; (2)中国科学院上海冶金研究所，上海  200050
Published: November 2020

We have studied deep levels in AlGaInP emitter of AlGaInP/GaAs heterojunction bipolar transistor by deep-level transient spectroscopy and photoluminescence (PL) methods.Two deep levels were obtained with thermal activation energies of Ec-Et1＝0.42eV and Ec-Et2＝0.59eV,whose capture cross sections are 6.27×10-17cm2 and 6.49×10-20 cm2，where Et1 and Et2 are Si-related and O-related deep levels,respectively. The relationship between excitation power and PL peak intensity have revealed that nonradiative recombination centers of deep levels exist in AlGaInP.The current gain of AlGaInP/GaAs HBT decreases due to the existence of deep levels in AlGaInP.
QUANTUM ERGOSPHERE EFFECT OF SPHERICALLY SYMMETRIC NON-STATIC BLACK HOLE
Authors: LI ZHONG-HENG  , MI LI-QIN  ,   广东省湛江师范学院物理系，湛江  524048
Published: November 2020

By means of the Newman-Penrose formalism,the gravitational,electromagnetic, scalar and Dirac fields in spherically symmetric non-static space-times are discussed.It is shown that the quantum ergosphere can influence the radiative mechanism of a non-static black hole.The character of the effect is that the radiative mechanism is obviously dependent on the spin state,which differs from the classical effects due to the Kerr ergosphere and the electromagnetic potential.
EFFECTS OF DIELECTRIC CONFINEMENT ON EXCITIONIC STATES IN CdSe QUANTUM DOT
Authors: LUO YING  , WANG ROU-ZHENG  , MA BEN-KUN  ,   北京师范大学物理系，北京  100875
Published: November 2020

According to the relationship of Wang and Zunger between the declectric constants and the radius of a CdSe quantum dot (QD),we use the variational method to calculate the binding energy and ground state energy of an exciton in the QD.Compared with the previouse calculations,the present result shows that the binding energy increases while its ground state energy becomes lower and it is close to the experimental value.
STOCHASTICITY OF THE EFFECTIVE SUBSPACE TAKEN UP BY A COHERENT STATE IN QUANTUM SYSTEM CORRESPONDING TO CLASSICAL CHAOTIC ONE
Authors: XING YONG-ZHONG  , XU GONG-OU  ,   (1)南京大学物理系,南京 210093;兰州大学现代物理系,兰州 730000;中国科学院兰州近代物理研究所,兰州 730000; (2)天水师范高等专科学校物理系,甘肃天水 741000;南京大学物理系,南京 210093
Published: November 2020

It is well known that all torus are destroyed in the Poincare' section with a certain energy E0 when a classical system is in completely chaotic state. But in its quantum counterpart, the features of the subspace taken up by a coherent state with central energy E0=E0 is not yet clear. In the present paper, taking nuclear Lipkin model as an example, we study the properties of such a subspace taken up by the coherent state of SU(3) group. An effective subspace is obtained by using a new renormalization approach. Our results show that in such an effective subspace the distribution of the nearest level spacings, the elements of effective Hamiltonian matrix, and the one-to-one correspondent map from the subspace of an integrable system to that of nonintegrable one are all consistent with predictions of random matrix theory.
A STUDY OF OPTICAL OSCILLATOR STRENGTHS IN THE VALENCE AND CONTINUUM REGIONS (11.0—19.0 eV) OF MOLECULAR HYDROGEN
Authors: ZHONG ZHI-PING  , ZHANG WEI-HUA  , XU KE-ZUN  , FENG REN-FEI  , LI JIA-MING  ,   (1)清华大学现代应用物理系单原子分子测控科学与技术研究中心,北京 100084; (2)清华大学现代应用物理系单原子分子测控科学与技术研究中心，北京 100084；中国科学院物理研究所，北京 100080; (3)中国科学技术大学近代物理系,合肥 230027
Published: November 2020

By considering channel characters and thermal distribution of the totational levels, experimen-tally determined absolute photoabsorption spectrum of molecular hydrogen have been analysed: these vibronic oscillator strengths in the region of 11.0—15.0 eV are determined, the total photodisso-ciation of B′1Σ+u is also obtained. Meanwhile, the photoabsorption spectrum in the valence and continuum regions (11.0—19.0 eV) of molecular hydrogen has been calculated based on multi-scattering self-consistent field. The theoretical calculations are in good agreement with experimental results.
1.4—6 GHz ERBIUM DOPED FIBER LASER USING RATIONAL HARMONIC MODE-LOCKING TECHNIQUE
Authors: WANG LIN  , YU JIN-LONG  , MA XIAO-HONG  , YANG EN-ZE  , ZHANG YI-MO  , CHEN CAL-HE  , HUANG CHAO  , LI SHI-CHEN  ,   天津大学精密仪器与光电子工程学院,国家教委光电子信息工程开放实验室，天津 300072
Published: November 2020

By means of the technique of rational harmonic mode-locking(RHML), we succeeded in obtaining the optical pulses at repetition rate (fp) being integer multiples of the RF drive frequency(fm≈1.4 GHz) with detuning ratio of﹥10-6. The generation of maximum frequency was about 6 GHz and the stable rational harmonic mode-locking occurs only at fp=2fm. According to the result of our experiments, we put forth a possible mechanism of using RHML to generate high bit-zate pulses and point out the cause of the occurrence of instability in higher PHML. Furthermore, we demonstrate an effective method to elliminate the amplitude fluctuations of output pulse train.
ADSORPTION OF ASPARTIC ACID ON Cu(001) STUDIED BY SCANNING TUNNELING MICROSCOPY
Authors: WANG HAO  , ZHAO XUE-YING  , YANG WEI-SHENG  ,   北京大学物理系，人工微结构和介观物理国家重点实验室，北京  100871
Published: November 2020

Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) has been used to study the adsorption of aspartic acid on the Cu(001) surface at room temperature.At lower coverage,there ex ist two different bonding states and the corresponding diffusion activation ener gies are 079±001eV and 088±005eV,respectively.When the coverage is inc reased,the aspartic acid molecules can finally form an overlayer with uniform co ntrast but could never form any ordered structures.It has been also found that t he adsorption of aspartic acid cannot make steps faceted.It is interesting that all these features are quite different from the adsorption behaviors of other am ino acids on Cu(001),such as glycine,alanine,phenylalanine and lysine,which do n ot have the β-caboxylate.
A NEW METHOD FOR CONTROL CHAOS BASED ON DELAY FEEBACK OF SYSTEM VARIABLES
Authors: LUO XIAO-SHU  , FANG JIN-QING  , KONG LING-JIANG  , WENG JIA-QIANG  ,   (1)广西师范大学物理与电子科学系，桂林  541004; (2)中国原子能科学研究院，北京  102413
Published: November 2020

A new method for control chaos based on delay feedback of system variables is proposed. The control results of three typical chaotic systems are given. The method of control chaos can be easily realized in physical systems, for the control price of this method is low. The mechanism of the method is also discussed based on varied of average value of Lyapunov function.
SPONTANEOUS EMISSION FROM A THREE-LEVEL ATOM EMBEDDED IN A THREE-DIMENSIONAL PHOTONIC CRYSTAL
Authors: XIE SHUANG-YUAN  , YANG YA-PING  , WU XIANG  ,   同济大学物理系，上海  200092
Published: November 2020

We have studied the properties of spontaneous emission from a three-level atom embedded in a photonic crystal. Due to the anisotropic dispersion relation, the density of states lacks singularity. The localized field can disappear and the diffusion field can become intense in some regions.This is different from that in the isotropic dispersion relation case. These properties are directly related to the relative positions of the two upper levels from the band edge.
SELF FOCUSING-SELF DEFOCUSING TRANSFORMATION IN AN ORGANOMETALIC FULLERENE-C60 DERIVATIVE
Authors: FANG GUANG-YU  , SONG YING-LIN  , WANG YU-XIAO  , ZHANG XUE-RU  , QU SHI-LIANG  , LI CHUN-FEI  , SONG LI-CHENG  , HU QING-MEI  , LIU PENG-CHENG  ,   (1)哈尔滨工业大学应用物理系，哈尔滨  150001; (2)南开大学化学系，天津  300071
Published: November 2020

We studied the nonlinear refraction properties of an organometallic fullerene-C60 derivative fac- and mer- [bis(1,2-diphenylphosphino) ethane] (tricarbonyl)(η2-fullerene-C60) chromium by using Z-scan method.We also investigated the nonlinear refraction behavior of exited-state nonlinear optical materials and the switching between self-defocusing and self-focusing caused by the refrangibility of high excited state based on rate-equation theory.The transformation intensity was worked out,and the experiment was simulated numerically.The theoretical results agrees well with the experimental data.
ANALYSIS OF THE DECONVOLUTION OF X-RAY DIFFRACTION PROFILE AND SIMULTANEOUS CALCULATION OF BRAGG ANGLE
Authors: LIU GANG  , LU KE  , LIANG ZHI-DE  ,   (1)东北大学材料科学与工程系，沈阳  110006; (2)中国科学院金属研究所快速凝固非平衡合金国家重点实验室，沈阳  110015
Published: November 2020

To eliminate the influence of experimental error, analytical function is adopted to model the experimental profiles. Much attention has been paid to the analysis of the effects of such factors as Kα doublet, broadening and alignment of profiles etc. on the Fourier coefficients and deconvoluted profile obtained from the Stokes correction.The reliability of the separation of size-and strain-broadening from Fourier coefficients or deconvoluted profile is estimated. A method is proposed for the simultaneous refinement of accurate Bragg angle from the deconvolution procedure.
COLOSSAL MAGNETORESISTANCE BOLOMETER
Authors: GU MEI-MEI  , ZHANG PENG-XIANG  , LI GUO-ZHEN  ,   (1)昆明理工大学材料系,昆明  650051; (2)昆明理工大学材料系,昆明  650051；昆明物理研究所超导组,昆明  650223
Published: November 2020

Based on the sharp resistance change near the metal-insulator transition (M-I) of the colossal magnetoresistance (CMR) materials, we design and test a new type CMR bolometer. La0.67Ca0.33MnO3 epitaxial thin films were used as the photosensitive element of the bolometer, and the optical response of this device to the He-Ne laser and the blackbody were measured. The measured signal and noise decrease with increasing modulation frequency; however, the signal-to-noise ratio shows no obvious change for the He-Ne laser. The temperature dependence of signal was measured in both ferromagnetic metallic and paramagnetic insulating states. It shows that the strongest signal appears in the ferromagnetic state very close to the M-I point. The film's Curie temperature can span from 70 to 350K, depending on the manufacture conditions. So, working near or at room temperature characterizes this CMR thin film bolometer. In this sense, it compensates the weakness of the high-temperature superconductor bolometer that can be used only around the liquid Nitrogen (LN) temperature.The measured detectivity is about 107 cmHz1/2/W and the thermal response constant is 20ms for this device. Compared with the high-temperature superconductor bolometer, the time constant of CMR bolometer is longer and the detectivity is lower. However, there is much room to improve yet.
QUANTUM BOUND STATES OF ONE KIND OF BENT QUANTUM WIRES
Authors: WANG CHUAN-KUI  , JIANG ZHAO-TAN  ,   山东师范大学物理系，济南  250014
Published: November 2020

The ballistic transport properties of electrons in bent quantum wires are studied. The bent quantum wire composed of T-typed and single-bent quantum wires has finite length and connects to two semi-infinite quantum channels, which serve as emitter and collector when a potential difference is applied. The numerical results show that the conductance have two peaks at the energy of electrons less than the eigenvalue of the first transverse mode. Furthermore, these peaks are due to the resonant tunneling via bound states in the quantum structure. The detailed studies of these quantum bound states are shown in the paper.
SQUEEZE FLOW VISCOELASTICITY OF ELECTRORHEOLOGICAL FLUIDS BASED ON MICROCRYSTAL LINE CELLULOSE
Authors: LIU LI-WEI  , WANG ZUO-WEI  , ZHOU LU-WEI  , WANG ZHI-JIN  , GAO GUANG-JUN  , LIU XIAO-JUN  ,   (1)复旦大学物理系，上海  200433; (2)复旦大学物理系，上海  200433；齐齐哈尔大学物理系，齐齐哈尔  161006; (3)齐齐哈尔大学物理系，齐齐哈尔  161006
Published: November 2020

Dynamic viscoelasticity of electrorheological fluids based on microcrystalline c ellulose/castor oil suspensions was experimentally investigated in squeeze flow. The dependence of storage modulus G′and loss modulus G″parallel to external e lectric field on electric fields and strain amplitudes is presented. The experim ents show that, when external electric field is higher than the critical field, the viscoelasticity of the ER fluids converts from linear to nonlinear, and the ER fluids transfer from solid-like state to fluid state with the growth of strai n amplitude. The influences of strain amplitude and oscillatory frequency on the nonlinearity of viscoelasticity were also studied.
Phase－Induced Biaxiality in Cholesteric Liquid Crystals
Authors: Han  Bing  , Yang Guo－chen  ,   (1)河北工学院基础课部,天津300130; (2)中国科学院物理研究所509组,凝聚态物理中心北京100080
Published: November 2020

The liquid cell theory can be successfully applied to cholesteric liquid crystals. Using the statistical methods and defining an order parameter tensor　 we ded uce the distribution function and the Helmholtz free energy　 which is the functi on of the order parameter tensor and its derivatives. The expression of the free e nergy we obtain has the same form with of the Landau theory. In a local coordina te system　the long－range orientational parameter Sand the phase－induced biaxiality order parameter are defined. By minimizing the Hemholtz free energy　 we numerically calculate the temperature dependence of Sand .The r esults agree with the experiment.
A NONLINEAR FEEDBACK APPROACH FOR REALIZING ANY CONTINUOUS TIME SCALAR (HYPER) CHAOTIC SIGNAL SYNCHRONIZATION CONTROL
Authors: GAO JIN-FENG  , LUO XIAN-JUE  , MA XI-KUI  ,   西安交通大学电气工程学院，西安  710049
Published: November 2020

Based on the nonlinear control system theory and Lyapunov technique,we have designed a nonlinear feedback controller for controlling the scalar output signal of a smooth (hyper) chaotic system to synchronize with any continuous time scalar (hyper) chaotic signal under some assumptions.The result,which is global,is rigorously proved by means of Lyapunov theroy.An application to the synchronization of two (hyper) chaotic systems is presented.
THE DIAGNOSTICS OF RF GLOW DISCHARGE PLASMA BY A PROBE AND ITS DATA PROCESS
Authors: YAO RUO-HE  , CHI LING-FEI  , LIN XUAN-YING  , SHI WANG-ZHOU  , LIN KUI-XUN  ,   汕头大学物理学系，汕头  515063
Published: November 2020

Langmuir probe is an important tool to diagnose the plasma in radio frequency (rf) glow discharge. A new method has been used to obtain the electron energy distribution function in plasma by the numerical differentiation of the I-V probe characteristic.This method is based on Fourier transform and could overcome the defects of other methods. In this way, the second derivative signal of Langmuir probe I-V characteristic is obtained automatically and accurately. The mean electron energy and electron concentrations in rf glow discharge plasma in silane were obtained by Langmuir probe.
Measurment of Soft X－ray Spectrum by Filter Difference Method
Authors: Sun Ke－xu  , Jiang Shao－en  , Huang Tian－xuan  , Yi Rong－ qing  , Cui Yan－li  , Wang Hong－bin  , Chen Jiu－sen  , Yu Rui－zhen  , Ding Yao－nan  , Ding Yong－kun  , Tang Dao－yuan  , Wen Shu－huai  ,   中国工程物理研究院核物理与化学研究所高温、高密度等离子体物理重点 实验室，成都　610003
Published: November 2020

The method of filter difference　which is used to measure X－ray spectrum radiate d from laser－produced plasma　has been studied in this paper.The basic principle of the method of filter difference is introduced and the calculated and measure d results of filter difference pair are given.The absolute soft X－ray spectra f rom laser plasma have been measured.Finally　the errors of measured spectrum inte nsity are analysed and estimated.
Artificial intelligence and multi agent based distributed ledger system for better privacy and security of electronic healthcare records
Authors: Alruwaili Fahad F.
Published: November 2020

Background

Application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and the use of agent-based systems in the healthcare system have attracted various researchers to improve the efficiency and utility in the Electronic Health Records (EHR). Nowadays, one of the most important and creative developments is the integration of AI and Blockchain that is, Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) to enable better and decentralized governance. Privacy and security is a critical piece in EHR implementation and/or adoption. Health records are updated every time a patient visits a doctor as they contain important information about the health and wellbeing of the patient and describes the history of care received during the past and to date. Therefore, such records are critical to research, hospitals, emergency rooms, healthcare laboratories, and even health insurance providers.

Methods

In this article, a platform employing the AI and the use of multi-agent based systems along with the DLT technology for privacy preservation is proposed. The emphasis of security and privacy is highlighted during the process of collecting, managing and distributing EHR data.

Results

This article aims to ensure privacy, integrity and security metrics of the electronic health records are met when such copies are not only immutable but also distributed. The findings of this work will help guide the development of further techniques using the combination of AI and multi-agent based systems backed by DLT technology for secure and effective handling EHR data. This proposed architecture uses various AI-based intelligent based agents and blockchain for providing privacy and security in EHR. Future enhancement in this work can be the addition of the biometric based systems for improved security.
Effects of food type and abundance on begging and sharing in Asian small-clawed otters (Aonyx cinereus)
Authors: Bowden-Parry Madison , Postma Erik , Boogert Neeltje J.
Published: November 2020

Begging for food, a conspicuous solicitation display, is common in a variety of taxa, and it has received extensive research attention in a parent-offspring context. Both theoretical models and empirical evidence suggest that offspring begging can be an honest signal of hunger or a mediator of competition between siblings. At a behavioural mechanistic level, begging for food can be a form of harassment aimed at persuading those in possession of food to share. Food sharing, defined as the transfer of a defendable food item from one individual to another, can vary considerably between species, age-classes and food type and abundance. We investigated the determinants of begging and food-sharing behaviours in Asian small-clawed otters (Aonyx cinereus), a group-living species that commonly exhibits begging in captivity. We presented two captive otter populations with three food types that varied in exploitation complexity, in three different abundances. We predicted that begging rates would be highest when food was in lowest abundance and hardest to exploit, and that increased begging would lead to increased food sharing. We found that, over time, increased begging rates were indeed correlated with increased food transfers, but neither food type complexity nor abundance affected begging or sharing rates. However, age category was significantly associated with begging and food sharing rates: juvenile otters begged more and shared less than adult otters. The results from this first experimental study on begging and food sharing within the Mustelid family begin to reveal some of the drivers of these behaviours.
Pattern of Fish Consumption and Fish Distribution: A Study on Sunyani Municipality, Ghana
Authors: Foli Rhoda , Awuni Isaac , Amponsah Samuel K. K.
Published: November 2020

Fish consumption and marketing has become an essential phenomenon due to the increasing appreciation of the health and the economic benefits of fish to households in Ghana. Given this, the study sought to identify the pattern of fish consumption and distribution channels using semi-structured interview guides, administered to fifty (50) consumers and fifty (50) fish traders. Data obtained were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Scomber japonicus, Sardinella aurita, Trachurus trachurus and Clarias gariepinus were the most preferred consumed fish. The majority of consumers preferred smoked fish to other fish products based on taste, flavor, shelf life, and wholesomeness in diets. Based on the findings from the binary logistic model, educated respondents as well as respondents below 20 years could be more prone to calcium deficient diseases, particularly in the absence of supplementary sources of calcium in their diets. Fish traders purchased their fish products from Sunyani, Yeji, Techiman, Cape Cost, and Buipe. The study showed that simple and complex marketing and distributing channels for frozen and smoked fish products, respectively. The main challenge encountered by fish traders and consumers was fish spoilage. Fish traders should be schooled on proper fish handling techniques to reduce the rate of fish spoilage. Sensitization programs regarding the consumption of fish products entirely must be promoted among consumers.
Shelf Life of Nori from Gracilaria sp. with Polypropylene (PP) Packaging Based on the Accelerated Shelf Life Test Method
Authors: Namira Sapinatun , Liviawaty Evi , Nurruhwati Isni , Afrianto Eddy
Published: November 2020

This research was conducted at the Laboratory of Fisheries Products Processing, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Padjadjaran University, Jatinangor, West Java, Indonesia. The purpose of this research was to determine the shelf life of Nori from Gracilaria sp. with the Accelerated Shelf Life Test (ASLT) method Arrhenius Model using Polypropylene (PP) packaging. Gracilaria is a genus of red algae (Rhodophyta) used as a food for humans and various species of shellfish. Polypropylene (PP) is a shiny, clear plastic with good optical properties and tensile resistance. The determination of the shelf life of the ASLT method is carried out using parameters of environmental conditions that can accelerate the process of product quality degradation, namely by storing the product at several temperatures above normal storage temperature. The observations used in determining the shelf life of Gracilaria sp. using a sensory test and a water content test with storage for 35 days, at a temperature of 25°C and 35°C. The calculation results of the Arrhenius model used texture parameters as critical parameters because those had the lowest Activation Energy (Ea) in determining the shelf life of Gracilaria sp. which is packaged using PP plastic. The results showed the value used for determining the shelf life of nori Gracilaria sp. namely texture parameters based on the order 0 reaction with the Arrhenius plot Ln K = -2.0381 - 214.63 (1 / T) and Ea of 1784.6485. The shelf life of nori Gracilaria sp. was found to be elongated if stored at room temperature of (25°C) which was around 94 days.
On the Study of Clear Causal Risk Factors of Diabetes Mellitus Using Multiple Regression
Authors: Sadiq Ibrahim Abubakar , Komali Kode
Published: November 2020

The incurable lingering metabolic syndrome of diabetes mellitus is an up-surging global tricky with tremendous physical, social, mental, economics and health undesired ramifications. Three hundred and ninety four diabetic patients were measured on 4 baseline variable age (years), sex (Male=1 and Female=2), body mass index (kg/m2) and blood pressure (mmHg). Blood sugar concentration (mg/dl) represented the response variable. The basic objective of this study is to verify the clear causal risk factors of diabetes. Both Multiple Linear Regression and Stepwise Regression techniques were applied on the data and the analysis showed that Body Mass Index (kg/m2) and Blood Pressure (mmHg) are the clearest risk factors of diabetes. This justification served the same purpose in the procedure of variables selection used.
Library and Social Integration
Authors: Danbaki C. A. , Gado D. S. M. , Mohammed G. S. , Agbenu D. , Ikegwuiro P. U.
Published: November 2020

This study was designed to examine the role of social media as a tool in the library for social integration. Social integration is the process during which newcomers or minorities are incorporated into the social structure of the host society. Social integration, together with economic integration and identity integration are three main dimensions of newcomers' experiences in the society that is receiving them. Social Media’s presence is almost everywhere and the vision of the library within the last few years has been that library services should go to users not necessarily that users should come physically to the library. Social Media is expected to be a veritable tool in achieving this purpose. The study revealed that; privacy concern, low levels of technology penetration, network problem, lack of awareness, lack of funds etc. as the major challenge librarians encounter in the use of social media for promoting library and information services and enhancing social integration. It also concluded thatthe integration of the society via social media technology into library services is more than a management strategy; it is a tool that can be deployed to transform library services and bring cutting edge services to users in the face of dwindling budgets. And the finally this paper recommends that Libraries should design their services in such a way that they will fully employ the sharing capacity of social media tools towards provision and dissemination of their services to users, as this capacity is still currently underutilized and that Libraries should formulate a viable Social Media Policy to guide the full integration of social media tools to the provision of library services in public libraries so as to facilitate social integration.
Shelled-Molluscs Fauna at Abrolhos Bank (Brazil): Assessment of Both Total Species Richness and the Completed Distribution of Species Frequencies by Numerical Extrapolation of a Partial Survey
Authors: Béguinot Jean
Published: November 2020

Numerous anthropogenic threats to the exceptionally rich coral-reef ecosystem at Abrolhos Bank (Brazil) arguably require implementing drastic conservation policy and meanwhile, urge for the prior detailed assessment of species richness and the species distribution across the Bank. Due to their unavoidable incompleteness, the already implemented “Rapid Assessment Surveys” at Abrolhos Bank deserve being completed, at least numerically, by implementing an appropriate extrapolation procedure, to avoid serious bias precisely due to ignoring both the number and the frequency distribution of those species still remaining undetected after Rapid Assessment Surveys. Complying with this concern, I report on the results of a numerical extrapolation of a previously achieved partial survey of the soft-bottom shelled-mollusc fauna at Abrolhos Bank. This numerical extrapolation provides least-biased estimates regarding not only the number of species which have remained unrecorded but, moreover, additional information on the respective frequencies of these still unrecorded species. As a result, the extrapolated total species richness at Abrolhos Bank reaches at least 435 shelled-molluscs species (instead of only 293 species actually recorded by the Rapid Assessment Survey), out of which 30 species (instead of 19) are expected to be Brazilian endemics. Accordingly, the soft-bottom shelled-mollusc fauna – an admittedly fairly reliable indicator for the whole marine biodiversity – definitely demonstrate the major biological interest of the whole reef ecosystem at Abrolhos Bank and the imperative necessity of implementing truly efficient conservation programs of this ecosystem.