bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A ARTE DA CONTAÇÃO DE HISTÓRIAS
Authors: ALVES DE BARROS GONÇALES DEBORA
Published: August 2021

Ler é uma forma de lazer, entretenimento, aquisição de conhecimento e riqueza Cultura e interação. Por isso, esse Artigo "A Arte da Contação de Histórias”, incentiva a contação de histórias como forma de fomentar a leitura e a formação. O aluno se torna um leitor apaixonado. O objetivo é discutir a relevância da arte de contar histórias e integrá-la a outras artes e linguagens de expressão como prática pedagógica que desencadeia o processo de inovação e autoconhecimento no âmbito da educação básica. A contação de história na educação infantil, desenvolve o cognitivo, social e psicológico da criança, pois é por meio, que as crianças desenvolvem sua própria linguagem, o que permite que as crianças viajem, através um personagem fictício que abrange tempo e espaço. A literatura desempenha um papel vital na formação de valores e na difusão da consciência, na transformação de alunos. Este trabalho, ainda sugere fornecer subsídios para melhorar as histórias em contos. Aprimora as histórias na educação infantil para determinar o papel dos educadores e sua importância na narrativa e tente fornecer recursos práticos para desenvolver histórias na educação infantil. Não basta contar histórias, é preciso explicá-las e tentar escolher a melhor história para cada faixa etária de ouvintes. Contar histórias é uma forma de educação, é uma habilidade verbal, estimula a imaginação das crianças, como se tudo tivesse vida, significado, emoção e prazer. De acordo com as observações, a maioria dos educadores não percebe a importância das histórias para a educação de qualquer criança, pois por meio das histórias, eles podem aprender sobre outros lugares, às vezes, mudar seu estilo de vida, pensar, se animar, rir, chorar, tristes, fazê-los se sentem felizes, viva tudo o que a narrativa inspira a quem os ouve, mas se o contador não domina a arte, então a história deixa de ser agradável, mas de pregação. Tais experiências reforçam a importância de encontrar alternativas de ensino para desenvolver escolas criativas e mudar a realidade das escolas, o que estimula alunos mais autônomos e futuros cidadãos.
MUSICALIDADE E SUA FORÇA DE TRANSFORMAÇÃO
Authors: CARVALHO MOTA LIMA JULIANA
Published: August 2021

São várias dificuldades enfrentadas no cotidiano escolar, onde predominam diferentes culturas, vulnerabilidade social, violência escolar e a inclusão das crianças que necessitam de aulas estratégicas para serem alcançadas. A finalidade deste estudo é demonstrar que a música não é somente uma associação de sons e palavras, mas sim, um rico instrumento facilitador do processo de aprendizagem que pode dinamizar as instituições de ensino, pois ela desperta o indivíduo para um mundo prazeroso e satisfatório, envolvendo a mente e o corpo, facilitando a aprendizagem e o desenvolvimento do educando, que é o sujeito principal deste estudo. O artigo tem como objetivo lançar um discurso do que vem a ser um objeto sonoro, e analisar as muitas possibilidades de se trabalhar a musicalização com objetos sonoros.
INCLUSÃO DIGITAL
Authors: PEREIRA ALVES CADUDA LUCIANA
Published: August 2021

Umas das características que distingue países desenvolvidos e subdesenvolvidos é a inclusão digital. Uma das saídas que o Brasil vem buscando para sair do subdesenvolvimento é a inclusão digital na idade escolar, o crescimento da informatização dos serviços oferecidos à sociedade atual, cada vez mais se busca a necessidade da inclusão digital dos cidadãos nesse modo de vida, que vem norteando o mundo no século XXI. Ao acontecer o uso destes recursos tecnológicos, eles devem ser apropriados de meios cuja tecnologia da informação e comunicação (TIC) se direcione para fazer valer a inclusão dos indivíduos neste ciberespaço. Deste modo, a escola se apresenta como ambiente capaz de fazer emergir tais tecnologias a serviço de uma metodologia de ensino a favor da interação dos alunos nesta sociedade da informação, anulando, as diferenças sociais não pertinentes a este processo. Ao se utilizar diferentes mídias, que colaboram para a apropriação de um ambiente de comunicação, o computador e seus inúmeros recursos destacam-se como ferramenta de acesso apoiado por diferentes programas sociais do governo federal. Baseado nestes preceitos, o presente artigo tem como objetivo apresentar o tema de inclusão digital no ambiente escolar como uma ação educacional que envolve o professor, ao capacitar-se para apropriação e ideal uso de recursos tecnológicos, e o aluno como sujeito no espaço de interação e comunicação de novas formas de colaboração, interatividade, conhecimento e cidadania.
MAFALDA: UM NOVO OLHAR SOBRE VELHOS PROBLEMAS
Authors: BARROS MANJA LUIZ FERNANDO
Published: August 2021

As histórias em quadrinhos apresentaram, em meados do século XX, uma linguagem cada vez mais próxima do cotidiano social, principalmente nas tirinhas de jornais e revistas. Nesse contexto surge a contestadora menina Mafalda, com uma voz de intervenção e uma peculiar visão de mundo, produzindo inquietudes e questionamentos desconcertantes aos adultos sobre questões sociais. A vida de Mafalda no contexto argentino é um preambulo entre as dificuldades locais somadas à tensão mundial auxiliando no processo de reflexão de seus leitores. Na atualidade essas relações de tensão mundial e dificuldades político-econômicas continuam existindo e as tirinhas de Mafalda são ressignificadas como uma fonte atualizada de questionamento e reflexão.
CONCEPÇÕES DOS PROFESSORES DO PROGRAMA LER E ESCREVER SOBRE O BRINCAR NO PROCESSO DE ALFABETIZAÇÃO
Authors: SILVA SANTOS MICHELLE
Published: August 2021

Brincar faz parte da realidade das crianças e proporciona a exploração de limites, formação da identidade e a vivência de papéis quando é necessário esperar a vez ou observar as regras de uma brincadeira. O brincar transformado em instrumento pedagógico favorece a formação da criança ao se constituir um meio prazeroso de aprendizagem. Assim, o trabalho tem o objetivo de investigar e analisar as concepções dos professores do Programa Ler e Escrever sobre a importância do brincar no processo de alfabetização. A metodologia usada foi constituída de 38 professores de 1º ano do Programa Ler e Escrever de escolas de ensino fundamental de São Paulo. O instrumento usado, foi um questionário estruturado com o total de 15 questões sendo 5 questões demográficas que caracterizam os indivíduos quanto a atuação profissional; 4 questões sobre o desenvolvimento infantil relacionado ao brincar e 6 questões direcionadas aos que consideram importante o brincar. Os resultados favorecem a conclusão de que 13 participantes acreditam que brincar é importante na alfabetização e 25 afirmam que isso é muito importante ao desenvolvimento afetivo, cognitivo e social. Portanto, concluímos que o brincar é muito importante no desenvolvimento infantil e com os dados coletados verificamos que os professores do Programa Ler e Escrever considera importante o brincar no processo de alfabetização, mas não utilizam do mesmo.
MITOSE: ASPECTOS DE UMA ABORDAGEM PARA O ENSINO MÉDIO
Authors: DE ALMEIDA MIRANDA VINICIUS
Published: August 2021

O ensino da divisão celular para alunos do ensino médio é uma produtiva atividade quando são abordados os tópicos de estudo com uma metodologia clara e direcionada, presando pelo melhor entendimento do aluno baseado na sua inteiração com os conteúdos propostos. Selecionar o material e condensá-lo para um número pequeno de aulas exige muita cautela, principalmente quando se trata de alunos que não tem intimidade com as Ciências Biológicas, mais precisamente a Biologia Celular. Usar um vasto material de apoio para preparação das aulas é mais efetivo, pois possibilita uma dinâmica comparativa entre autores que torna muito rico o material final de estudo. Com vistas a refletir sobre o conteúdo de mitose, deu-se a construção desse trabalho para abordar o tema sem negligenciar nenhum dos importantes aspectos desse fundamental processo de manutenção da integridade estrutural dos seres vivos, além de importante estratégia de reprodução para alguns deles.
EXPERIÊNCIAS INTERDISCIPLINARES DA LINHA DO RURAL DA TURMA XIII DO PPGMADE: ELEMENTOS PARA COMPREENDER E INTERVIR NA COMPLEXA PROBLEMÁTICA SOCIOAMBIENTAL
Authors: Silva Rodrigo Ozelame da , Bosa Jairo Antonio , Kempf Renata Borges , De Alencar Maria Wanda , Viana Camila Eduarda , Denardin Valdir Frigo , Schaffrath Valter Roberto , De Borba Carolina Dos Anjos
Published: August 2021

Este artigo tem como objetivo principal analisar a prática do exercício interdisciplinar da Turma XIII da Linha Ruralidades, Ambiente e Sociedade do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Meio Ambiente e Desenvolvimento (PPGMade/UFPR). Sua justificativa se baseia na urgência e necessidade de construir pesquisas e práticas interdisciplinares, capazes de trazer novos elementos para compreender e intervir na complexa problemática socioambiental. Metodologicamente, consiste em uma análise do processo com base no relato da experiência do grupo, sistematizado no formato de um “projeto coletivo” sob a luz das teorias da interdisciplinaridade. Como resultado, destaca-se a caracterização das principais singularidades da abordagem metodológica do programa, especialmente a construção de um projeto coletivo e interdisciplinar que leva aos temas das teses individuais. Além disso, dificuldades na auto-organização dos discentes, falta de condições materiais, uma tendência de educação bancária e uma cultura de competição, que impera em boa parte do sistema de ensino brasileiro, foram diagnosticados como limites centrais do exercício em questão. Porém, ainda que contenha contradições, a experiência da Linha do Rural da Turma XIII é, ao menos, uma tentativa de rompimento com a hiperespecialização e construção de processos coletivos e interdisciplinares que pode servir como referência para outras práticas interdisciplinares, sobretudo aquelas vinculadas às questões socioambientais, como as discussões em torno do desenvolvimento sustentável.
CARACTERIZAÇÃO AGROPECUÁRIA E DO USO DO SOLO NO MUNICÍPIO DE ARAPIRACA - ALAGOAS
Authors: Melo Lorena Medeiros Barros , Calheiros Altanys Silva , Aires Telma Lucia Bezerra Alves
Published: August 2021

Estudos revelam que, em pouco mais de 50 anos, o Brasil deixou de ser um país majoritariamente rural para abrigar cerca de 80% de seus habitantes nas cidades. A par desse movimento, direcionando-se para cidade de Arapiraca, o trabalho objetiva, sob um viés jurídico, apresentar um cenário da zona rural e mudanças em sua extensão. O desenvolvimento metodológico apoia-se em histórico de banco de dados dos Censos Agropecuários do IBGE, realizados nos anos de 2006 e 2017, assim como dados geográficos e dados referentes a parcelamentos do solo com fins urbanos instalados no município e acervo de leis, imagens e documentos sobre os usos e ocupações no território, disponíveis nos órgãos do município. A partir da interpretação de imagens, mapas e apoio na legislação e literatura brasileira existentes, pôde-se realizar um diagnóstico e análise do uso da terra. Utiliza-se do período de referência correspondente aos anos de 2006 e 2017 e aproxima- se de resultados que, de um lado, evidenciam uma alteração substancial no meio rural, como a redução da área e de unidades de estabelecimentos agropecuários, redução da população rural e redução de áreas ambientais com regime especial de proteção e, de outro lado, identificam a expansão dos perímetros e usos urbanos em desacordo com o Plano Diretor da cidade. Ao final, os resultados do presente estudo relacionam a redução do espaço rural e suas atividades à mudança na legislação urbana sem legítimo planejamento territorial e motivado interesse público.
Meningkatkan keterampilan guru dalam membuat rencana pelaksanaan pembelajaran tematik melalui workshop
Authors: Suwardi Suwardi
Published: August 2021

Peserta didik yang berada pada sekolah dasar kelas satu, dua, dan tiga berada pada rentangan usia dini. Pada usia tersebut seluruh aspek perkembangan kecerdasan seperti IQ, EQ, dan SQ tumbuh dan berkembang sangat luar biasa dan melihat segala sesuatu sebagai satu keutuhan (holistik) mampu memahami hubungan antara konsep secara sederhana. Proses pembelajaran masih bergantung kepada objek-objek konkrit dan pengalaman yang dialami secara langsung. Pelaksanaan kegiatan pembelajaran di SD  kelas I-III untuk setiap mata pelajaran dilakukan secara terpisah, misalnya PKn 2 jam pelajaran, IPS 2 jam pelajaran, dan Bahasa Indonesia 2 jam pelajaran. Dalam pelaksanaan kegiatannya dilakukan secara murni mata pelajaran yaitu hanya mempelajari standar kompetensi dan kompetensi dasar yang berhubungan dengan mata pelajaran itu. Sesuai dengan tahapan perkembangan anak sebagai suatu keutuhan (holistik), pembelajaran mata pelajaran secara terpisah akan menyebabkan kurang mengembangkan anak untuk berpikir holistik dan membuat kesulitan bagi peserta didik. Apakah dengan workshop dapat meningkatkan keterampilan guru dalam membuat rencana pelaksanaan pembelajaran tematik?; Apakah dengan workshop dapat meningkatkan aktivitas guru dalam membuat rencana pelaksanaan pembelajaran tematik? Meningkatkan keterampilan guru dalam membuat rencana pelaksanaan pembelajaran tematik dilakukan kegiatan workshop; Untuk mengetahui aktivitas guru dalam membuat rencana pelaksanaan pembelajaran tematik dilakukan dengan observasi kegiatan guru dalam kegiatan workshop.
Meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa kelas v menggunakan model corp horay pada materi keberagaman sosial budaya masyarakat Indonesia
Authors: Khairi Khairi
Published: August 2021

Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mendeskripsikan aktivitas guru, aktivitas siswa serta menganalisis peningkatan hasil belajar siswa pada materi keberagaman sosial budaya masyarakat Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan PTK dan dilaksanakan dalam 4 kali pertemuan dengan menggunakan kombinasi model CORP HORAY (Contekstual Teaching Learning, Role Playing, Course Review Horay). Pelaksanaan penelitian dilakukan pada kelas V SDN 3 Sungai Tiung Banjarbaru dengan total 15 siswa pada semesterrgenap tahun ajaran 2019/2020. Hasil0penelitian yang telah dilakukan menunjukkan aktivitas guru pada pertemuan I sampai IV secara berurutan memperoleh kriteria baik, sangat baik,  sangat baik, dan pertemuan IV mencapai kriteria sangat baik. Untuk aktivitas siswa pada pertemuan I sampai IV perolehan persentase menunjukan 52%, 67% 78% dan 95. Untuk perolehan hasil belajar siswa pada pertemuan I sampai IV mencapai 44%, 59%, 78%, dan 96%. Penelitian ini memuat temuan berupa untuk aktivitas guru  penelitian ini terlaksana dengan sangat baik, siswa sangat aktif, serta dapat membuat hasil belajar siswa meningkat dan mencapai ketuntasan secara individu bahkan secara klasikal menggunakan kombinasi model CORP HORAY.
Diet Diversity to Assess Diet Quality of Pre-Conception Women in Bekasi, West Java
Authors: Sartika Arindah Nur , Fadhilah Tri Marta
Published: August 2021

Pre-conception women have important role to determine children nutritional status. Children with good nutritional status are born from mothers who have good diet. Diversified diet also can prevent woman to suffer from chronic energy malnutrition and anemia during pregnancy. This study aims to assess diet quality of pre-conception women in Kota Bekasi, West Java. The study conducted as observational study design, specifically using cross sectional approach. About 105 “bride to be” from 8 Religious Affairs Office in Kota Bekasi, West Java, Indonesia was joined the study. Respondents were interviewed with structured questionnaire consist of social economic characteristics and dietary intake. Dietary assessment was done using 24-h food recall to fill Minimum Dietary Diversity for Women of reproductive Age (MDD-W) questionnaire. The result showed out of 10 food groups, median consumption of food groups consumed by respondents was 4 food groups, also as the highest proportion of total food group (36.19%), followed by 5 food groups (25.71%), and 3 food groups (21.90%). Maximum score of dietary diversity is 8 (0.95%), and minimun score is 2 (3.81%). Meanwhile, most consumed food group was staple foods (99.05%). Nuts and seeds were the least proportion of food group (3.81%) consumed by respondents. There was around one-third (38.10%) of the respondents consumed total food group below recommended score (<5). Diet diversity of pre-conception women should be improved. To prevent from malnutrition, pre-conception women are suggested to vary their diet. Nutrition education during premarital class/ consultation is recommended.
Spathodea companulata (African tulip tree) stem and root barks extracts ameliorated N-nitroso diethylamine induced hepatic impairment in male rats
Authors:   Federal University of Technology Minna, Nigeria, Muhammed Bala
Published: August 2021

Spathodea campanulata Beauv. is an important plant widely used in traditional medicine for the treatment of hepatic disease. In the present study, we evaluate the phytochemical composition and hepatoprotective potential effect of the stem and root bark extracts of Spathodea companulata on dimethylnitrosamine (DEN) induced hepatic impairment in albino rats. Phytochemical compositions were analyzed using standard protocols. Forty-five male rats were grouped into 9 (A-I) of 5 rats each. Groups A-F were treated with stem bark extract, root bark extract, quercetin, DEN + stem bark extract, DEN + root bark extract, DEN + quercetin respectively while groups G-1 serve as control groups and were treated with corn oil only (Vehicle control), DEN only (Toxicant control), and distilled water (normal control) respectively. DEN was given at 25 mg/kg b.w., i.p on a weekly basis while all treatments were administered at 100 mg/kg BW orally for 60 days. Serum transaminase activities, body weight, and liver body weight ratio were evaluated. Results revealed the presence of alkaloids, cardiac glycoside, saponins, anthraquinone, steroids, and flavonoids in stem bark extract of Spathodea companulata, while the root bark contains cardiac glycoside, saponins, anthraquinonoid, steroids, and flavonoid. The DEN non-treated rat exhibited significant (p<0.05) weight loss and increase serum alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) activities when compared with the normal control. Treatment with stem and root bark extracts of Spathodea companulata significantly ameliorated the toxicant induce alterations in the transaminase activity and body weight loss when compared with the DEN nontreated rats. In conclusion, this study provides scientific validation of the use of this plant in traditional medicine for the management of hepatic disorders
Alkaloidal fraction of Diospyros mespiliformis protect against Trypanosoma evansi-mediated haematological and hepatic impairment in infected rats
Authors:   Graduate Institute for Cancer Biology & Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Lawal Bashir
Published: August 2021

The present study investigated the antitrypanosomal activities of crude and an alkaloidal fraction of Diospyros mespiliformis in Trypanosoma evansi - infected rats. A total of twenty-one (21) rats were divided into seven (7) groups of three (3) rats each. Groups 1-6 were infected with the T. evansi parasite and were treated with 100 and 200 mg/kg BW crude extract, 200 and 400 mg/kg BW of the alkaloid fraction of D. mespiliformis, 3.5mg/kg of berenil (standard control) and 0.2 mL/kg BW of normal saline (negative control) respectively. Group 7 serves as the normal control (non-infected and non-treated) rats. Results revealed that the crude extract at 400 mg/kg BW and alkaloid fraction at all doses tested (100 and 200 mg/kg BW) significantly (P<0.05) increased the RBC, PCV, MCH, MCHC, WBC, and reduced the elevated bilirubin when compared with the untreated control. The extract also significantly increased the reduced total proteins. In conclusion, an alkaloid from Diospyros mespiliformis ameliorative effect on T. evansi-induced biochemical and hematological alterations in rats, thus could be considered a novel agent for the development of a new drug against trypanosomiasis
Seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus amongst patients attending selected hospitals in Niger State, Nigeria
Authors: Adamu Aisha , Kuta Faruk
Published: August 2021

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a major public health problem globally and accounts for about one million deaths worldwide annually. This study determined the seroprevalence, distribution of HBV infection, and factors associated with the infection amongst patients attending selected hospitals in Niger State. A total of 500 blood samples were collected from five selected hospitals in Niger state. The samples were screened using Hepatitis B Surface Antigen (HBsAg) test kit for the qualitative detection of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen in serum. Prevalence of Hepatitis B infection was 13.0% cumulatively in the study area. Female participants had a higher prevalence (6.8%) of HBsAg infection compared to their male counterparts with 6.2%. Participants within the 41- 50 years’ age group recorded a higher rate of infection (5.2%), while those ≥ 50 years had a lower prevalence of (2.3%). The civil servants had a higher percentage prevalence of 6.4% followed by housewives and the least was observed with participants who are students. Patients without a history of blood transfusion recorded a higher percentage prevalence (7.8%) compared to those with a history of blood transfusion (5.2%). The results reveal that participants with polygamous family types recorded a higher prevalence of HBV infection (11.4%) compared to those belonging to the monogamous type (1.6%). The results obtained from this study suggest that HBV is in circulation in the study areas; thus necessitating more awareness campaigns among the general population about HBV and its modes of transmission and associated risk factors
Macht, emancipatie, onmacht
Authors: Ippel Pieter
Published: August 2021

Power, emancipation, powerlessness. On the history of the suffering of inmates and madmen

This article reflects on the brilliant 1990-book of criminologist Herman Franke on long-term developments in the Dutch prison system from 1800 onward. A pertinent question is whether it is possible and adequate to use the discourse of ‘emancipation’ to catch the historical processes in total institutions. A comparison is made with parallel transformations in the institutional sector of mental health, a social field in which there has been a radical movement claiming better legal protection and more humane living conditions. Surely an improvement has occurred in the actual situation of prisoners and mental patients, but one has to be reluctant (or even sceptical) to frame this in terms of ‘emancipation’.
PARTIAL ORDERINGS OF LIFE DISTRIBUTIONS BASED ON AGEING PROPERTIES
Authors: ABOUAMMOH A. M. , AHMED A. N. , KHALIQUE A.
Published: August 2021

Some new generalized forms of partial orderings of life distributions are introduced. Some of these orderings are based on the virtual age such as decreasing virtual ordering, new better than used virtual ordering, decreaing average virtual ordering and new better than average virtual ordering. Similar types of orderings are defmed in terms of the hazard rate. The interrelationships between these orderings are investigated and their relations with other known orderings such as the mean remaining life ordering and the global memory ordering are discussed. Some useful classes of life distributions are shown to arise when such orderings are considered with respect to the negative exponential distribution. Other related results are also discussed.
SOME COMMUTATIVITY THEOREMS FOR ASSOCIATIVE RINGS WITH CONSTRAINTS INVOLVING A NIL SUDSET
Authors: ASHRAF MOHD
Published: August 2021

We first prove that a ring $R$ with unity 1 is corrunutalive if and only if for each $x$ in $R$ either $x$ is central or there exists a polynomial $f(t) \in Z[t]$ such that $x- x^2f(x) \in A$, where $A$ is a nil subset of $R$ (not necessarily a subring of $R$) and $R$ stisfies any one of the conditions $[x, x^my- x^py^nx^q] =0$ and $[x,yx^m-x^Py^nx^q]=0$ for all $x,y$ in $R$, where $m\ge 0$, $n >1$, $p \ge 0$, $q \ge 0$ are integers depending on pair of elements $x$, $y$. Further the same result has been extended for one sided $s$-unital rings. Finally a related result for a nil commutative subset $A$ is also obtained.
Gotyckie katedry jako motywacja podróży na podstawie opinii turystów odwiedzających Wrocław, Kraków i Poznań
Authors: Niezgoda Agnieszka , Wyszowska Izabela
Published: August 2021

Zabytki architektury stanowią ważną grupę walorów turystycznych i mogą wpływać na motywacje turystów do odwiedzenia konkretnych miejsc. Artykuł prezentuje charakterystykę stylu gotyckiego na podstawie jego najwyższego osiągnięcia, jakim jest katedra. Celem opracowania jest sprawdzenie, czy współcześni turyści odnoszą się do budowli katedralnych jako symbolu stylu gotyckiego i czy to odniesienie znajduje odzwierciedlenie w opiniach na portalu TripAdvisor. Można zatem postawić pytanie, czy katedry gotyckie stanowią motywację do odwiedzenia konkretnego miasta. Zastosowano metodę badawczą desk research (analizę danych zastanych). Analizując opinie na temat wybranych zabytków, którymi są polskie katedry gotyckie we Wrocławiu, Krakowie i Poznaniu, można uznać, że u osób, które podzieliły się wrażeniami na portalu TripAdvisor, gotycki charakter obiektu zauważany jest tylko w 6% ocenianych wpisów. Najwięcej odniesień do gotyku znalazło się w opiniach o katedrze we Wrocławiu (12%), następnie o katedrze w Poznaniu (4%), a zaskoczeniem jest fakt, że odniesienie do gotyku nie pojawiło się w żadnej opinii zamieszczonej przez turystów odwiedzających katedrę w Krakowie.
Umweltrecht
Authors: Schlacke Sabine
Published: August 2021

Das Umweltrecht ist wie kein anderes Rechtsgebiet inzwischen europarechtlich überformt. Die Stärke des mittlerweile in 8. Auflage erschienenen Lehrbuches ist es, Europäisierung und Internationalisierung dieses Rechtsgebietes anschaulich anhand zahlreicher Grafiken und Fallbeispiele zu erörtern. Vollständig eingearbeitet sind die neuesten Rechtsentwicklungen – im Klima- und Umweltrechtsschutz, das neue Verpackungsgesetz sowie das Brennstoffemissionshandelsgesetz.

Aus dem Inhalt:

Grundprinzipien und Instrumente des Umweltrechts

Rechtsschutz im Umweltrecht

Umwelteuroparecht

Immissionsschutzrecht

Natur-, Boden-, Gewässer- und Klimaschutz

Kreislaufwirtschaftsrecht

Klimaschutzrecht, inkl. Beschluss des Bundesverfassungsgerichts zum Bundes-Klimaschutzgesetz

Neueste Rechtsprechung und Literatur
Ways to God
Authors: Sweeney Terence ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: August 2021

In this article, I explore how William Desmond recovers Thomas Aquinas's Five Ways by offering a new way for considering the relation of God to being. I do so in the context of Charles Taylor’s reflections on the immanent frame and the possibility of thinking towards God in the secular age. Desmond renews Aquinas proofs by seeing in them a hermeneutic openness to God. Considering each of Aquinas’s five ways through the lens of Desmond’s philosophy, I argue that each proof reveals God’s ways of being within being as a path to recovering an awareness of God’s presence in the world.
Propulsion shafting whirling vibration: case studies and perspective
Authors: Batrak Yuriy , Batrak Roman , Berin Dmytro , Mikhno Andriy
Published: August 2021

Since 1869 the main goal of whirling vibration calculations of rotating machinery was to determine critical speeds. Currently, all Classification Societies require a propulsion shafting whirling vibration calculation (also named bending or lateral vibration calculation) in the scope of the critical speeds i.e. free whirling vibration calculation. However, fatigue failure of the bracket and aft stern tube bearings, destruction of high-speed shafts with universal joints, noise and hull vibrations, generated by shafting, indicate the importance and inevitability of forced whirling vibration calculations. This paper presents some latest results of free and forced whirling vibration calculations obtained using the software intended for shaft design.
CNC Machining of Propeller to Better than Class Tolerances
Authors: Gospodnetic Slobodan (Bodo)
Published: August 2021

Producing class S propellers and water jet impellers presents serious challenges for propeller manufacturers. To overcome these challenges and consistently manufacture propellers with superior quality, an integrated approach was adopted when developing and implementing a process for Computer Numerically Controlled (CNC) machining of propeller surfaces. Highlights of this process are: (1) CNC machining of all blade surfaces; extreme surface blending, (2) CNC machining to final form & finish without hand grinding and (3) high precision, better than class S. This paper will describe various challenges encountered in the production of CP propeller blades and how these challenges were overcome in order to produce accurate CP propeller blades which exceed class S tolerances.
The Effect of Nonlinear Charging Function and Line Change Constraints on Electric Bus Scheduling
Authors: Zhang Aijia , Li Tiezhu , Tu Ran , Dong Changyin , Chen Haibo , Gao Jianbing , Liu Ye
Published: August 2021

The recharging plans are a key component of the electric bus schedule. Since the real-world charging function of electric vehicles follows a nonlinear relationship with the charging duration, it is challenging to accurately estimate the charging time. To provide a feasible bus schedule given the nonlinear charging function, this paper proposes a mixed integer programming model with a piecewise linear charging approximation and multi-depot and multi-vehicle type scheduling. The objective of the model is to minimise the total cost of the schedule, which includes the vehicle purchasing cost and operation cost. From a practical point of view, the number of line changes of each bus is also taken as one of the constraints in the optimisation. An improved heuristic algorithm is then proposed to find high-quality solutions of the problem with an efficient computation. Finally, a real-world dataset is used for the case study. The results of using different charging functions indicate a large deviation between the linear charging function and the piecewise linear approximation, which can effectively avoid the infeasible bus schedules. Moreover, the experiments show that the proposed line change constraints can be an effective control method for transit operators.
Image Objects
Authors: Gaboury Jacob
Published: August 2021

How computer graphics transformed the computer from a calculating machine into an interactive medium, as seen through the histories of five technical objects.

Most of us think of computer graphics as a relatively recent invention, enabling the spectacular visual effects and lifelike simulations we see in current films, television shows, and digital games. In fact, computer graphics have been around as long as the modern computer itself, and played a fundamental role in the development of our contemporary culture of computing. In Image Objects, Jacob Gaboury offers a prehistory of computer graphics through an examination of five technical objects—an algorithm, an interface, an object standard, a programming paradigm, and a hardware platform—arguing that computer graphics transformed the computer from a calculating machine into an interactive medium.

Gaboury explores early efforts to produce an algorithmic solution for the calculation of object visibility; considers the history of the computer screen and the random-access memory that first made interactive images possible; examines the standardization of graphical objects through the Utah teapot, the most famous graphical model in the history of the field; reviews the graphical origins of the object-oriented programming paradigm; and, finally, considers the development of the graphics processing unit as the catalyst that enabled an explosion in graphical computing at the end of the twentieth century.

The development of computer graphics, Gaboury argues, signals a change not only in the way we make images but also in the way we mediate our world through the computer—and how we have come to reimagine that world as computational.
Identification of a circRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network for exploring novel therapeutic options for glioma
Authors: He Yi , Chen Yihong , Tong Yuxin , Long Wenyong , Liu Qing
Published: August 2021

Background

Glioma is the most common brain neoplasm with a poor prognosis. Circular RNA (circRNA) and their associated competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network play critical roles in the pathogenesis of glioma. However, the alteration of the circRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network and its correlation with glioma therapy haven’t been systematically analyzed.

Methods

With GEO, GEPIA2, circBank, CSCD, CircInteractome, mirWalk 2.0, and mirDIP 4.1, we constructed a circRNA–miRNA–mRNA network in glioma. LASSO regression and multivariate Cox regression analysis established a hub mRNA signature to assess the prognosis. GSVA was used to estimate the immune infiltration level. Potential anti-glioma drugs were forecasted using the cMap database and evaluated with GSEA using GEO data.

Results

A ceRNA network of seven circRNAs (hsa_circ_0030788/0034182/0000227/ 0018086/0000229/0036592/0002765), 15 miRNAs(hsa-miR-1200/1205/1248/ 1303/3925-5p/5693/581/586/599/607/640/647/6867-5p/767-3p/935), and 46 mRNAs (including 11 hub genes of ARHGAP11A, DRP2, HNRNPA3, IGFBP5, IP6K2, KLF10, KPNA4, NRP2, PAIP1, RCN1, and SEMA5A) was constructed. Functional enrichment showed they influenced majority of the hallmarks of tumors. Eleven hub genes were proven to be decent prognostic signatures for glioma in both TCGA and CGGA datasets. Forty-six LASSO regression significant genes were closely related to immune infiltration. Finally, five compounds (fulvestrant, tanespimycin, mifepristone, tretinoin, and harman) were predicted as potential treatments for glioma. Among them, mifepristone and tretinoin were proven to inhibit the cell cycle and DNA repair in glioma.

Conclusion

This study highlights the potential pathogenesis of the circRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network and identifies novel therapeutic options for glioma.
Identification of miRNA-target gene regulatory networks in liver fibrosis based on bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Tai Yang , Zhao Chong , Gao Jinhang , Lan Tian , Tong Huan
Published: August 2021

Background

Liver cirrhosis is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) can regulate liver fibrosis, but the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood, and the interactions between miRNAs and mRNAs are not clearly elucidated.

Methods

miRNA and mRNA expression arrays of cirrhotic samples and control samples were acquired from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. miRNA-mRNA integrated analysis, functional enrichment analysis and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network construction were performed to identify differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) and mRNAs (DEGs), miRNA-mRNA interaction networks, enriched pathways and hub genes. Finally, the results were validated with in vitro cell models.

Results

By bioinformatics analysis, we identified 13 DEMs between cirrhotic samples and control samples. Among these DEMs, six upregulated (hsa-miR-146b-5p, hsa-miR-150-5p, hsa-miR-224-3p, hsa-miR-3135b, hsa-miR-3195, and hsa-miR-4725-3p) and seven downregulated (hsa-miR-1234-3p, hsa-miR-30b-3p, hsa-miR-3162-3p, hsa-miR-548aj-3p, hsa-miR-548x-3p, hsa-miR-548z, and hsa-miR-890) miRNAs were further validated in activated LX2 cells. miRNA-mRNA interaction networks revealed a total of 361 miRNA-mRNA pairs between 13 miRNAs and 245 corresponding target genes. Moreover, PPI network analysis revealed the top 20 hub genes, including COL1A1, FBN1 and TIMP3, which were involved in extracellular matrix (ECM) organization; CCL5, CXCL9, CXCL12, LCK and CD24, which participated in the immune response; and CDH1, PECAM1, SELL and CAV1, which regulated cell adhesion. Functional enrichment analysis of all DEGs as well as hub genes showed similar results, as ECM-associated pathways, cell surface interaction and adhesion, and immune response were significantly enriched in both analyses.

Conclusions

We identified 13 differentially expressed miRNAs as potential biomarkers of liver cirrhosis. Moreover, we identified 361 regulatory pairs of miRNA-mRNA and 20 hub genes in liver cirrhosis, most of which were involved in collagen and ECM components, immune response, and cell adhesion. These results would provide novel mechanistic insights into the pathogenesis of liver cirrhosis and identify candidate targets for its treatment.
Rephine.r: a pipeline for correcting gene calls and clusters to improve phage pangenomes and phylogenies
Authors: Shapiro Jason W. , Putonti Catherine
Published: August 2021

Background

A pangenome is the collection of all genes found in a set of related genomes. For microbes, these genomes are often different strains of the same species, and the pangenome offers a means to compare gene content variation with differences in phenotypes, ecology, and phylogenetic relatedness. Though most frequently applied to bacteria, there is growing interest in adapting pangenome analysis to bacteriophages. However, working with phage genomes presents new challenges. First, most phage families are under-sampled, and homologous genes in related viruses can be difficult to identify. Second, homing endonucleases and intron-like sequences may be present, resulting in fragmented gene calls. Each of these issues can reduce the accuracy of standard pangenome analysis tools.

Methods

We developed an R pipeline called Rephine.r that takes as input the gene clusters produced by an initial pangenomics workflow. Rephine.r then proceeds in two primary steps. First, it identifies three common causes of fragmented gene calls: (1) indels creating early stop codons and new start codons; (2) interruption by a selfish genetic element; and (3) splitting at the ends of the reported genome. Fragmented genes are then fused to create new sequence alignments. In tandem, Rephine.r searches for distant homologs separated into different gene families using Hidden Markov Models. Significant hits are used to merge families into larger clusters. A final round of fragment identification is then run, and results may be used to infer single-copy core genomes and phylogenetic trees.

Results

We applied Rephine.r to three well-studied phage groups: the Tevenvirinae (e.g., T4), the Studiervirinae (e.g., T7), and the Pbunaviruses (e.g., PB1). In each case, Rephine.r recovered additional members of the single-copy core genome and increased the overall bootstrap support of the phylogeny. The Rephine.r pipeline is provided through GitHub (https://www.github.com/coevoeco/Rephine.r) as a single script for automated analysis and with utility functions to assist in building single-copy core genomes and predicting the sources of fragmented genes.
Bilateral Central Serous Retinopathy in Patient with Chronic Kidney Disease on Haemodialysis: A Case Report
Authors: Dharamdasani Heena , Chokkalingam Shankar , Janti Siddharam , Sudhakar Stephen
Published: August 2021

Central Serous Chorioretinopathy (CSCR) is the detachment of the neurosensory retina and/or Retinal Pigment Epithelium (RPE) due to accumulation of fluid in the sub retinal space, mostly confined to the macula. Hereby, presenting a rare case of a 32-year-old patient with defective vision in both eyes, she was a known case of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) on haemodialysis. On examination best corrected visual acuity was 6/9, on dilated fundus examination with ring reflex in both eyes, Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) macula showed detachment of the neurosensory retina from RPE with the sub retinal fluid. This case is considered to be rare due to the unusual association noted between CSCR and End State Renal Disease (ESRD), in a female patient with no history of usage of corticosteroids or known identifiable risk factors. Hence, it is essential to screen patients with ESRD for CSCR to prevent vision threatening complications.
Assessment of Right Ventricular Function by 2D Speckle Tracking Echocardiography Pre and Post the Trans Catheter Closure of Atrial Septal Defect
Authors: Saad Saad Abd Elmaseh , Elsetiha Mohamed Elsayed , Hussein Mohamed Naseem , Taha Fatma Aboalsoud
Published: August 2021

Background: dysfunction is associated with adverse outcomes in patients with congenital heart disease. RV adaptation to disease is complex and depends on many factors. 2D Speckle tracking echocardiography is an angle-independent technique that may allow an accurate assessment of segmental myocardial deformation.

Aims: The aim of the work is to assess right ventricular function in patients with congenital left to right shunt (ASD) pre and 3 month post device closure using.

Patients and Methods: 31 patients were enrolled in the study, comparison was held between the group and itself before and 3 month after device closure. ESPAP measurement via TR jet also Tricuspid annular. Global longitudinal Strain of RV free wall and septum were measured by 2D STE.

Results: Volume overload on RV and according to Frank Starling law leads to increased contractility provided that function is preserved, so volume load in ASD cases leads to increased deformation and deformation rate values as evidenced in significant reduction of strain and strain rate values after volume load elimination. Strain and strain rate values gained via 2D speckle tracking echocardiography are load dependent parameter of contractility as evidenced in this study testing RV performance under both pressure and volume load. The value of these parameters of contractility assessment comes from their ability to detect subtle changes in mechanics and deformation that are not easily detected by conventional measures.

Conclusion: Myocardial deformation imaging is a novel echocardiographic tool for evaluation of global and regional myocardial function that can be applied to the RV for assessment of its longitudinal deformation by 2DE. 2D-STE derived strain and strain rate is a good method to exclude the effect of tethering and translational motions. RV responds to volume load by increasing its deformation and deformation rate provided that contractile function is preserved.
Parents’ Beliefs and Attitudes on Their Children’s Distance Education Performance during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Greek Preschool Settings
Authors: Karavida Vasiliki , Tympa Eleni
Published: August 2021

Background: Current research and the bibliography suggest that both synchronous and asynchronous distance education in the early years of education is a new era to explore the teaching of young children.

Aims: The aim of this study was to assess the extent of use of online classroom platforms in early years, both in the private and public sector, and to correlate parents' attitudes towards children’s behavioral changes during the pandemic lockdown in Greece.

Methodology: The participants were 216 parents with preschool-aged children (between 2:6 to 4:0 years) in Greek pre-school settings in two cities of North and West Greece. A questionnaire on the use of ICT during the pandemic Covid -19 and its’ outcomes was distributed online to all parents. The parents' perception was generally negative and was not preferred to frontal teaching, while they were not satisfied with the results.

Results: A remarkable percentage of children did not participate in online education due to their parents' attitude on the appropriateness of their age to participate in online education. However, the deterrent attitude of parents was not related to their level of education and willingness to help their children. The parents' perception was generally negative and was not preferred to frontal teaching, while they were not satisfied with the results. As far as the implementation of distance education is concerned, private broadcasters have introduced more synchronous distance education compared to public ones. Finally, there were positive correlations between asynchronous distance learning of 1-3 hours per day and children's irritability, as well as feelings of stress and anxiety and asynchronous distance learning of more than 6 hours per day. The correlation between children's distraction and asynchronous distance learning for 1-3 hours per day was negative.

Conclusion: Further discussions for policy makers and teachers are planned.
Uterine Perforation in Postmenopausal Woman – Case Report
Authors: Shelke Sheela , Wanjari Sanjivani
Published: August 2021

Rupture of uterus occurring spontaneously is a rare occurrence. Here we are presenting a case of spontaneous postmenopausal rupture of uterus caused by pyometra. This can be associated with high morbidity if generalized peritonitis and sepsis occurs. The symptoms will be like acute abdomen similar to that caused by ruptured bowel or gastric perforation. In case of postmenopausal rupture like ours, gynaecological symptoms are very less. Hence the diagnosis becomes difficult and challenging. Here we report a rare case of uterine rupture that occurred in a postmenopausal woman because of pyometra. The patient landed up in the surgical department as case of acute abdomen. Definitive diagnosis was made at the time of laparotomy only when exploration was done and gynaecologist called.
A Novel Analytical Method for Simultaneous Quantification of Silodosin and Tadalafil by RP-HPLC
Authors: Gupta Ajay , Mishra S. K.
Published: August 2021

The Reverse phase HPLC method was developed for simultaneous determination of Silodosin and Tadalafil in single analytical method. Chromatographic separation was achieved on a Supelco C8 (150mmx4.6mm, 5µm) column applying an isocratic elution based on premix of potassium phosphate dibasic buffer pH (4.3) and acetonitrile in the ratio of (70:30 v/v) as mobile. Validation parameters specificity, precision and robustness have been observed to be desirable over the concentration ranges of 80-240 µg/ml for Silodosin and 50-150 µg/ml for Tadalafil in accuracy parameter and 128-192 µg/ml for Silodosin and 80-120 µg/ml for Tadalafil in linearity parameter. All the variables have been studied to optimize the chromatographic conditions. The optimized approach verified through validation and confirmed to be intended purpose for the quality control of the mentioned drugs, as per ICH guidelines. For simultaneous quantification of Silodosin and Tadalafil, the developed method was found to be genuinely exact precise, accurate, linear, fast and cost effective.
Descriptive Pandemic: COVID 19 Outbreak and Its Impact on Health
Authors: Sapru Ishan
Published: August 2021

Background: COVID-19 pandemic is the unprecedented medical emergency which needs constant study and in depth monitoring of the ground situation.

Summary: COVID-19 is the once in a century event which has already devastated millions and millions of lives. The containment of the COVID-19 is a great challenge as the extremely high virulent nature and capability of producing lethal clinical outcome is creating hindrance. Preventive measures are supposedly more beneficial than curative treatment therefore they must be promoted.

Conclusion: Preventive measures and its efficacy should be studied and popularize so that more people can adopt them. Also complacency must be addresses which is the reason behind the resurgence of new spurt of cases.