bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Scholarship Acceptance Decision Support System With Simple Additive Weighting (Saw) Method At Sudirman Islamic High School
Authors: Layth Nabeel Al-Rawi  , Alpen Adria
Published: October 2022

Sudirman Ambarawa Islamic High School is a Private Upper Level Secondary School located in Ambarawa, precisely on Jalan Jendral Sudirman No.2A Ambarawa, Semarang Regency, Central Java. It is very strategically located because it is on the edge of the Semarang-Yogyakarta Main Road. Sudirman Ambarawa Islamic High School is under the leadership of the Sudirman Islamic Education Center Foundation (YAPPIS). The scholarship acceptance system at Sudirman Ambarawa Islamic High School records and selects prospective scholarship recipients is still manually, namely only by using the Microsoft Excel program, which results in data input errors and the results of the selection of scholarship recipient students.

The problems that occur at Sudirman Ambarawa Islamic High School will be resolved by supporting scholarship admission decisions. This system is needed in helping to make decisions to provide scholarships based on predetermined conditions or criteria in accordance with the standards of the Simple Additive Weighting method applied. So far, the selection process for scholarship admissions at Sudirman Ambarawa Islamic High School uses a manual process that only uses the Microsoft Excel computer program, where the consideration is also carried out manually, only doing a simple mathematical calculation process.
SIMPLE ADDITIVE WEIGHTING (SAW) METHOD IN DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM OF SERVICE CENTER LOCATION USING GIS
Authors: Wiradendi Wolor
Published: October 2022

Decision support system is defined as a system that supports the work of a manager or a group of managers in solving semi-structured problems by providing information or suggestions towards certain decisions. The design of this system used the R & D (Research And Development) method approach according to Borg & Gall (1983:775) and the Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) method as the calculation method, while what was taken into account were the criteria, where the criteria were: the number of consumers, center of crowd, access road, security, development potential. This application is made using the PHP programming language, MySql as the database, and the software used are: Adobe Dreamweaver and Apache. The choice of location for the construction of the right service center location is a problem that is being faced by PT. Eltra Various Techniques Semarang. Leaders feel confused in determining the right location for the construction of a service center because there are many things that must be considered so that the construction is not in vain and can overcome company problems. This decision support system is able to provide convenience for company leaders in determining the right service center location, through appropriate calculation processes and an integrated system with Geographic Information System (GIS) that can point to locations directly online. The results obtained are Tunjungan Elektronik Center with a value of 97.00, ITC Mega Wholesale with a value of 87.00, Galaxy Mall with a value of 86.00, Delta Plaza with a value of 85.00, Hi-tech Mall with a value of 84.00, Citra Wold Surabaya with a score of 83.00 so that the alternative chosen is Tunjungan Elektronik Center with the highest score of 97.00.
INFORMATION MANAGEMENT OF PRODUCTION RAW MATERIALS INFORMATION WITH FIFO METHOD BASED ON CLIENT SERVER
Authors: Akbar Rahman
Published: October 2022

Information technology that is used properly will have a good influence on the company, among others, can increase productivity, work efficiency and of course very useful for institutions such as Koperasi Kawi Mandiri Sentosa in facing competitive business competition. The determination and speed of data processing from Koperasi Kawi Mandiri Sentosa, the presentation of fast, precise and accurate information will make it easier for companies to make the right decisions as well.

Koperasi Kawi Mandiri Sentosa has a variety of fund products which include Voluntary Deposits and Time Deposits. As well as credit products which include Monthly Loans and Term Loans, while the procedures to be processed consist of the savings section, and the credit loan section.

If there is a deposit transaction, it can be recorded in the customer's proof of deposit and at the same time the data can be saved to the computer automatically. Likewise, if there is a loan transaction from a customer, the data on the computer can be known with certainty and accuracy. The program that will be developed by the author is a multiuser-based savings and loan accounting information system, the software used is Microsoft Visual Basic 6.0
Cash Flow Ratio Analysis as a Measuring Tool for The Company's Financial Performance at PT. Astra International Tbk
Authors: Olivia Devi Yulian Pompeng  , Jettri Eleonora Rambak
Published: October 2022

The research question concerns the cash flow ratio as a measure of the company's financial success at PT. Astra Indonesia Tbk during 2018 - 2021. This research aims to examine PT. Astra International Tbk's cash flow ratio as a measure of the company's financial performance for the period 2018-2021. The research methodology employed in this method is descriptive quantitative research, or research techniques that describe data as numerical values. This research provided use of secondary data, mainly information gathered from the official website of the Indonesia Stock Exchange's records or archives. In 2018-2021, a ratio of operating cash flow to current obligations less than one indicates that the situation is not favorable. In 2018-2019, a ratio of operating cash flow to interest payments that is more than 1 is favorable. In 2018-2020, a ratio of operational cash flow to capital expenditure below one indicates that the situation is not good. In 2018-2021, if the ratio of operating cash flow to total debt is less than 1, the situation is not good. In the period between 2018 and 2021, the ratio of operating cash flow to net profit is good since it can exceed 1. The conclusion that can be drawn from the findings of this research is that the results of the five cash flow ratios listed above must still be examined, as values that are above the standard ratio are only 2 ratios and those that are below the standard ratio are 3 ratios. It indicates that PT. Astra International Tbk's financial performance is categorized as poor because it is unable to effectively manage its cash flow, resulting in an insufficient turnover between cash in and cash out so that in the long term PT. Astra will experience losses.
The Effect of Location, Product Innovation, and Service Quality on Consumer Satisfaction (A Case Study on Café Maballo)
Authors: Mey Enggane Limbongan  , Novita Rante Paranduk
Published: October 2022

This study focuses on location, product innovation, and service quality affecting consumer satisfaction. In addition, the investigated question is “Do location, product innovation, and service quality have an influence on customer satisfaction at Café Maballo?” Furthermore, the objective of this study was to find out to what extent the effect of location, innovation, and service quality on consumer satisfaction at Café Maballo. The employed data collection method was a questionnaire. The collected data were then analyzed using a validity test, reliability test, normality test, hypothesis testing, multiple regression analysis, t-test, F test, and coefficient of determination (R2). To facilitate the data processing, researchers used SPSS v. 25. The results of the t-test examining the effect of location on customer satisfaction showed that t_count was > t_table (0.734 > 1.66792) with a significant level below 0.1 (i.e., 0.000). Thus, the location does not have a significant effect on customer satisfaction at Café Maballo. Furthermore, H_O is accepted, meaning that the location does not partially affect customer satisfaction. In addition, the results of the t-test examining the effect of innovation on customer satisfaction presented that t_count  was > t_table (3.253 < 1.66792), indicating that innovation has a positive and significant influence on customer satisfaction at Café Maballo. Additionally, the results of the t-test examining the effect of service quality on satisfaction revealed that t_count  was > t_table (3.455 > 1.66792). Therefore, H_a is accepted, meaning that service quality affects consumer satisfaction at Café Maballo. Apart from that, the results of the F test showed that F_count  was > F_table (19.203 > 3.13), indicating that location, innovation, and service quality simultaneously influence customer satisfaction at Café Maballo. Furthermore, the coefficient of determination presented an R-squared of 0.462 or 46%. This shows that the percentage of the influence of the independent variables on the dependent variable is 46% while the remaining 54% is from the influence of other variables not observed in this study.
The Analysis Of Liquidity Ratio For Civil Service Cooperative Ao' Gading PGRI Ranting Balusu North Toraja Regency
Authors: Westerini Lusdani  , Rati Pundissing  , Chrismesi Pagiu
Published: October 2022

This research aims to examine the liquidity ratio at the Ao' Gading Civil Servant Cooperative PGRI Ranting Balusu in the North Toraja Regency. This research's data analysis technique is the analysis of the liquidity ratio, which consists of the current ratio and the cash ratio .In 2018, the current ratio was calculated to be 3.51 %; in 2019, it was calculated to be 3.41 %; and in 2020, it was calculated to be 3.31 %. In 2018, the cash ratio was calculated to be 0.71 %, while in 2019 and 2020, it was calculated to be 1.04 % and 1.20 %, respectively. According to the rules set forth by the State Minister for Cooperatives and SMEs of the Republic of Indonesia, the Ao' Gading PGRI Ranting Balusu, North Toraja Regency, current ratio calculation findings indicate that it is not good, According to the decree of the State Minister for Cooperatives and UKM of the Republic of Indonesia, Number 06/M/KUKM/2006, dated May 1, 2006, and the outcomes of the cash ratio calculation at Ao' Gading PGRI Ranting Balusu, North Toraja Regency, they are classified as not good. According to the assessment requirements of the Indonesian Ministry of Cooperatives and UKM, the liquidity of the Ao' Gading PGRI Ranting Balusu Civil Servant Cooperative  is rated as poor based on the study conducted with several liquidity ratio formulas, Number 06/M/KUKM/2006 does not mean that it is illiquid but the cooperative does not optimize its current assets because its cash is still too small compared to its receivables even though its current assets are greater than its current liabilities.
ANALYSIS OF CONSUMER BEHAVIOR OF FOREIGN MARKET BUSINESS FOR COMMODITY OF CASHEWS at PT GDK JAWABARAT
Authors: Elpy siti Nurhalimah  , Supriyadi Supriyadi  , Rani Siti Fitriani  , Raden Willa Permatasari
Published: October 2022

The purpose of this research is to examine 1. What factors attract foreign buyers to import cashew nuts from Indonesia?.2. What are the obstacles faced by foreign buyers in the process of importing cashew nuts from Indonesia?.3. What are the stages of the process carried out by buyers to import cashews from Indonesia?.4. What is the solution to these obstacles? This research was made using a qualitative descriptive analysis type of research regarding the marketing process of the cashew nut export sales business. (2) Currency differences. (3) Obstacles in the Form of Regulations. (4) International trade barriers are seen from economic institutions, namely: The influence of economic organizations, Anti-dumping regulations that increase import duty rates, Embargoes related to the prohibition of trade between countries. What is the solution to these obstacles? (1). Solution for difficult payments, by L/C. (2) The solution when the currency, using the USA currency or by agreement, is exchanged to the value of the destination country. (3) The solution to obstacles in the form of regulation, is to instinctively follow market trends. (4) Solutions to barriers to economic institutions, exporters take advantage of facilities from countries that are members of economic organizations, export at competitive prices, and resolve trade embargo issues between countries.
EFFECT OF DIVIDEND POLICY, CAPITAL STRUCTURE AND COMPANY SIZE TO COMPANY VALUE IN PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANIES LISTED ON INDONESIA STOCK EXCHANGE
Authors: Grace Sriati Mengga  , Gregorius Edy  , Agustinus Mantong
Published: October 2022

In recent years, the COVID-19 pandemic spread to Indonesia, causing losses for most companies. However, pharmaceutical companies were able to survive the pandemic, The sector which will benefit the most from the pandemic is the pharmaceutical sector, as its sales have increased. As sales increase, stock prices, profits, dividends, and the value of the company all increase. Consequently, the goal of this research was to determine the impact of dividend policy, capital structure, and company size on the company value of pharmaceutical companies listed on the Indonesian stock exchange during the period of 2017-2021. This is a quantitative research design with a sampling technique which utilises the purposive sampling method to obtain 4 companies that meet the requirements as research samples.  Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the data, with the independent variable dividend policy being measured with a measuring instrument (dividend payout ratio) DPR, Capital structure is measured using a DER (Debt to Equity Ratio) measuring instrument, company size is measured using a natural logarithm of total assets, and firm value is measured using a PBV (price to book value) measuring instrument. In the results of this research, dividend policy and company size were found to have no significant impact on company value, whereas the capital structure appears to have done.
SPECTRUM OF PATHOLOGIES IN PATIENTS WITH ENLARGED PROSTATE
Authors:   Foundation University Medical College, Islamabad Pakistan, Meral Uzma , Zaheer Saqib ,   Combined Military Hospital, Mardan Pakistan, Kazi Faiza ,   Pakista Atomic Energy Commission General Hospital, Islamabad Pakistan, Hussain Ashfaq ,   Combined Military Hospital, Mardan Pakistan, Khan Khattak Saeed Akhtar ,   Combined Military Hospital, Mardan Pakistan, Ramzan Rehana ,   Foundation University Medical College, Islamabad Pakistan
Published: October 2022

Objective: To ascertain the frequency of various pathological disorders related to prostate so that benign lesions of prostate can be distinguished from adenocarcinoma prostate to avoid wrong diagnosis. Material and Methods: This study (descriptive cross sectional) was carried out in the Histopathology Department, Foundation University Medical College, DHA Islamabad from 1st August 2019 to 31st July 2020. A total 200 biopsy specimens from patients between 50 to 92 years of age were fixed in 10 % formalin. The samples were grossed and routinely processed under standard conditions for paraffin embedding. Haematoxylin and Eosin stains were used to stain the slides while special stains were used as per requirement. Microscopic evaluation was done by consultant histopathologists after correlating histopathological findings with clinical data. Results: Total 200 individuals were incorporated in this study. Age of patients ranged from 50 to 92 years. The mean age of study subjects was found to be 67 +9.64 years. Majority (37%) of individuals in the study belonged to age group of 61-70 years. Out of total 200 patients, 179 patients (89.5%) had diagnosis of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH). Twenty patients (10%) were diagnosed with Adenocarcinoma prostate. One out of 200 patients (0.5%) was diagnosed as a case of Prostatitis with no other finding. Conclusion: Benign prostatic hyperplasia is most frequent pathology of patients with prostate enlargement. Prostate cancer needs to be distinguished from spectrum of benign lesions to avoid wrong diagnosis. Key Words: Adenocarcinoma prostate, Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), Prostatitis.
FREQUENCY OF WBC FLAGS GENERATED BY AUTOMATED HEMATOLOGY ANALYZER IN DIAGNOSED CASES OF DENGUE INFECTION
Authors:   Chughtai Institute of Pathology, Lahore Pakistan, Younas Ayesha , Fatima Mavra ,   Chughtai Institute of Pathology, Lahore Pakistan, Imran Ayisha ,   Chughtai Institute of Pathology, Lahore Pakistan, Malik Nauman Aslam ,   Chughtai Institute of Pathology, Lahore Pakistan
Published: October 2022

Objective: To determine the frequency of WBC flags generated by automated hematology analyzers in cases of dengue diagnosed by serological tests. We also aim to compare the platelet count in the presence of different WBC flags. Material and Methods: It was a cross sectional study, conducted at Chughtai Institute of Pathology. Total 1007 blood samples of serologically confirmed dengue patients in EDTA vial were obtained over a period of 03 months from September,2021 to November, 2021.These samples were run through Mindray BC-6800 which displayed flags for white blood cells. WBC flags displayed were analyzed in correlation with findings of CBC and peripheral smear through careful statistical analysis of the observed parameters. Results: An abnormal WBC flag was displayed in all patients. The most common flag among these was atypical lymphocytes in 671 (66.6%) samples, followed by atypical lymphocytes + basophilia in 136 (13.5%), Atypical lymphocytes + neutropenia in 66 (6.6%), Atypical lymphocytes + lymphocytosis in 47 (4.7%), Atypical lymphocytes + lymphopenia in 31 (3.1%), Lymphopenia in 29 (2.9%), Atypical lymphocytes + monocytosis in 15 (1.5%), Lymphopenia + neutropenia in 9 (0.9%) and Neutropenia in 3 (0.3%) samples. Conclusion: WBC flags generated by automated hematology analyzer in a suspected dengue patient, especially during dengue epidemics can be used as a screening tool and can help in avoiding unnecessary serological testing. Key Words: Dengue, NS1 antigen, WBC flags, Automated hematology analyzer.
Remirando la investigación social cualitativa made in Spain de los últimos lustros, en clave metodológica de trastienda, archivo y calidad
Authors: Valles Martínez Miguel Santiago
Published: October 2022

Este artículo trata de ofrecer una remirada sobre la metodología sociológica cualitativa hecha en España en los últimos dos o tres lustros. No hay propósito de inventario, sino de perspectiva, de selección muestral «estratégica», de «muestreo teórico» (Glaser y Strauss, 1967) y muestra «estructural» (Ibáñez, 1979). Esto nos ha llevado a recurrir a conceptos ya avanzados en una línea de investigación metodológica, la de trastienda y archivo, compartida en parte con otros colegas (Castillo et al., 2009; Valles et al., 2011; Canales, 2013; Valles, 2015). Los resultados principales son, por un lado, nuevos materiales de trastienda histórico-biográfica dentro del proceso (y trasfondo contextual-conceptual) del relevo generacional, y, por otro, nuevas iniciativas de visibilización de prácticas pioneras de archivo, en progreso, en la investigación sociológica cualitativa española.La muestra estratégica de teóricos y practicantes de la metodología cualitativa se ha centrado en sendos casos emblemáticos, tanto para abordar y desarrollar la vertiente conceptual de la trastienda como la correspondiente al archivo. En el primer caso, la iniciativa de homenaje a un maestro por parte de sus seguidores ha servido para explorar y proponer una mirada cualitativa en clave de trastienda intergeneracional. En el segundo caso, la iniciativa de donación del archivo investigador al final de la vida laboral entronca con los nuevos contextos de docencia e investigación en la sociedad digital, y aboga por la reflexión-acción metodológica. El legado de la generación más sénior permite vislumbrar y comprender mejor el aporte de quienes han ido tomando su relevo.
Effects of Herbicidal Weed Control Practices on Yield Performance of T. Aman Rice Varieties in Bangladesh
Authors:   Bangladesh Jute Research Institute, Ali M. I. , Monira S. , Rashed M. , Salim M. , Salam M. A. , Das R. C.
Published: October 2022

Using a weed control scheme could assist in reducing potential production losses caused by weeds in paddy fields. Due to certain undesirable adverse effects, there is currently no realistic alternative to chemical weed suppression approaches in rice. The present research aimed to assess how various herbicide-based weed control techniques influenced the weed profile, and crop production of T. aman rice varieties. The study was done employing a randomized complete block design with 3 trials. The investigation comprised three aman rice cultivars and four weeds control techniques such as control, pre-emergence herbicide, early post emergence and post emergence herbicide. On research sites, ten weed types from 5 families were revealed. The grass weed Echinochloa gras-galli had the highest summed dominance ratio (SDR: 42.05%), while the sedges Scirpus mucronatus had the lowest SDR of 0.81%. Post-emergence herbicide application provided the lowest weed biomass and density at all sampling dates and produced the greatest seed yields (4.25 t ha-1), straw yield (5.41 t ha-1) and harvest index (43.87%) because of minimal crop-weed competition. In the case of interaction, BRRI dhan49 coupled with post emergence herbicide attained maximum output (4.80 t ha-1) followed by BRRI dhan49 with early post emergence. Due to ability for reducing weeds population, usage of post emergence herbicide could be considered as an efficient weed control approach in BRRI dhan49.
Manual de condutas em cirurgia de cabeça e pescoço
Authors:   José Francisco de Góis Filho et al.
Published: October 2022

O conteúdo deste Manual contempla as mais prevalentes doenças da oncologia de cabeça e pescoço e, de maneira direta, direciona os leitores a buscarem condutas atuais, principalmente cirúrgicas, na especialidade, de acordo com a mais recente evidência científica disponível na literatura médica. Aborda a apresentação clínica, fatores de risco e prevenção, diagnóstico, estadiamento e modalidades de tratamento, de acordo com cada sítio primário
Polystyrene Bioremediation: A Perspective on Microbial and Environmental Constrained Interventions
Authors:   University of Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Department of Zoology, Muzaffarabad., Akhtar¹ Naheed , Awan Muhammad Siddique , Ali Muhammad Ishtiaq , Aziz Omer , Bibi Farhana
Published: October 2022

The polystyrene is the specific kind of plastics based upon petroleum which is composed of monomers of vinyl benzene (styrene). Regardless of the attraction of polystyrene, multiple organizations and municipalities are enduring an emerging challenge during disposal of polystyrene products and packaging. It is appraised that the products of polystyrene accounts for not more than 1% of the overall burden of landfill resources. It could be a greater health threat for humans also who are on the topmost level of food chain and farsighted styrene monomers of the plastics used in engineering polystyrene has been categorized as a potential humanoid carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) and the US National Institutes of Health (NIH). As a few researchers have been published on the degradation of polystyrene plastic but the key point addressed in this review is the recognition of microbial and fungal enzymes which are known at present to be involved in polystyrene monomer plastic degradation. The major bacterial and fungal enzymes involved within the degradation reaction of vinyl side chain include styrene monooxygenase, styrene oxide isomerase, styrene monooxygenase, flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) reductase, styrene isomerase and phenyl acetaldehyde dehydrogenase. Omics”-based approaches revitalized the study of PAH catabolism by permitting for an integrative assessment of the biochemical mechanism in charge to degrade PAH including polystyrene on the polluted locations. The applications of such enzymes in procedures that would permit the degradation of polystyrene plastics contaminating niches is a dare for future cohorts of microbiology experts
Indian Hybrid Warfare since 2008: Impacts on Pakistan Security
Authors:   International Islamic University Islamabad., Ahmad Nouman , Haseeb Abdul , Asma Asma
Published: October 2022

The study aims to highlight the Indian Hybrid Warfare, post 2008 Mumbai attack and its likely impact on Pakistan Security. The study succeeds in the Exploratory, Descriptive, and Predictive data analysis approaches. Both primary and secondary data was used to elaborate different aspects of the entire study. This study conducted Structured Interviews of Pakistani, Indian and Western retired military officers, diplomats, academicians with expertise in strategic studies. Hybrid warfare is not a new thing but it comes from centuries like a strategy and comes out with different perspectives. We know that India Pakistan is involve in this hybrid strategy from centuries against one another. Since 1947 tell now we can do Covert operations against one another. So, it is not a new concept in our context but in 2008 when Mumbai attack happened against India. So, from post 2008 the change which occurred in Indian hybrid strategy was phenomenal because before this such changes never happened which Impact on Pakistan Security However, the risk of limited war under the nuclear umbrella cannot be ruled out. Pakistan needs to improve its conventional deterrence to make it costly any misadventure by India. The prospects of direct military confrontation between India and Pakistan would decrease with an effective conventional answer by Pakistan. The study argues that, the hybrid warfare strategy has been more successful as compared to direct military engagement. Therefore, it is expected that this trend would continue unless Pakistan overcomes its political, socio-economic and ethno-religious vulnerabilities. The study determines that India and Pakistan cannot win against each other in any direct or indirect military confrontation, however it is advisable that both states must overcome their differences, resolve outstanding issues through consistent dialogue process in an amicable way for long term peace and stability in South Asia.
A Influência da RCS Dinâmica na Probabilidade de Detecção de uma Aeronave de Combate
Authors: Gomes Newton Adriano dos Santos , Pereira Thiago de Souza Mansur , Peixoto André Marques
Published: October 2022

Esse trabalho apresenta um estudo do comportamento da incursão de uma aeronave A-1 AMX, na configuração de reconhecimento aéreo, em um ambiente cujas ameaças são radares de rastreio na Banda L (1 à 2 GHz), estudando o efeito da RCS dinâmica quando iluminado por esse radar, utilizando trajetórias previamente definidas no intuito de conhecer e buscar uma melhor condição situacional de furtividade nesse ambiente, mesmo sabendo que a aeronave empregada não foi projetada para possuir características stealth, baseado na busca das trajetórias que permitam uma menor probabilidade de detecção.
Disaster Logistics: Route Optimization for Air Rescue Units
Authors: Rebouças Sergio , Rebouças Carlos Alberto , Scarpel Rodrigo Arnaldo , Correia Anderson Ribeiro
Published: October 2022

Natural disasters are uncontrollable and often unpredictable events that affect many countries yearly. After a disaster, the response phase is crucial for the rescue of disaster victims. Rescue helicopters play an essential role in this phase. However, the costs of using these aerial rescue units are high. Vehicle routing is a class of combinatorial optimization problems widely used in supply chain management and logistics. The management of a natural disaster is considered an event-driven logistics. This paper aims to apply a vehicle routing methodology to optimize the routes of rescue helicopters in natural disasters, ensuring greater efficiency in allocating these resources, aiming to maximize the number of rescued victims and reduce the costs of operations.
Enhancing the Capacities of Teachers and State Implementation Mechanisms for Learning Recovery: The Experience of the National Teachers’ Institute (NTI), Kaduna, Nigeria
Authors: Junaid Mohammad I , Maitafsir Musa Garba , Yabo Armiya'U Malami Yabo , Shuaibu Zainab Muhammad
Published: October 2022

The National Teachers’ Institute (NTI) with technical support from Commonwealth of Learning (COL) conceived a Learning Recovery programme (LRP) aimed at enhancing the capacities of basic education teachers and state implementation mechanisms to effectively address eventualities that might occur in the future due to the covid-19 pandemic. A total of 2000 teachers, 42 teacher educators and an estimated 242,000 students were targeted by the project in two northwestern states of Nigeria (Kebbi & Sokoto). The main principles that guided the implementation of the project included, concentration on the development of podcasts and other multimedia resources, enhancing the capacities of teachers and state mechanisms on the use of the developed multimedia resources, developing teacher networks and support structures for mobile learning and institutionalizing the use of the blended learning approach by teachers in 50 selected schools. A small sample of 42 Master Trainers (MTs) comprising 20 teacher mentors (10 each from Kebbi and Sokoto states) and 22 teacher educator mentors from NTI, Kaduna) were trained on podcasts development and accelerated learning approaches. This crop of MTs was used to cascade the training to 2000 teachers in the two states. Each of the 10 State MTs was allocated and virtually joined with 100 teachers in a WhatsApp Group for effective mentoring and each of the 20 State MTs was assigned to and virtually joined with two teacher educator mentors from the NTI who monitored and coordinated the implementation of the Project at the state level. A set of validated pre and post training questionnaires (Podcast Learning Questionnaire [PLQ]) and Learner-Centred Lesson Questionnaire [LCLQ]) was used to elicit information from a sample of 250 respondents, which was subjected to descriptive statistical analysis of means and standard deviation. The findings among others, revealed that with little tangible and guided technical support teachers could acquire knowledge and skills in the actual processes of podcast development and use in their instructional practices. Among the key recommendations of the Project was the need to scale up the training to include more schools and teachers using the capacity already developed in the two states.
Institutional Support Services and Learners’ Retention and Completion In Open-Distance Learning Institutions in South-West Nigeria
Authors: Akande Rotimi Michael
Published: October 2022

One of the critical components in Open-Distance learning programmes are institutional support services. These services subsume all interactions between institutional personnel and learners (prospective and registered) intended to assist them in meeting their objectives from the point of first inquiry through graduation. This notwithstanding, the rate at which learners remain on the programmes and complete their programme in ODL is low. It is on this premise, that this study, examined institutional support services in relation to retention and completion of learners in open-distance learning institutions in the south-west, Nigeria. This study adopted a descriptive design of an ex post facto type. The population consisted of final year learners, in open and distance learning institutions in the southwest, Nigeria. There are seven (7) NUC approved ODL Institutions in South-West, Nigeria. A multi-stage sampling procedure was used for the selection of samples sizes for the study. The instruments were validated by two experts in the field of ODL, measurement and evaluation. The structured instrument was subjected to ordinal alpha reliability with 0.862 co-efficient. The descriptive statistics of frequency counts, Percentages were used to answer the researcher questions while inferential statistics of multiple regression and univariate analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to test the hypothesis at 0.05 level of Alpha. The study established significant linear relationship between the predictor variables and retention and completion of learners in open and distance learning institutions in southwest. Based on these findings, the need to enhance institutional support services ODL policy in Nigeria that will promote and enhanced learner-centered techniques were recommended.
Possible Adoption Options of Virtual and Augmented Reality Technologies in Open Universities during the Covid-19 Era
Authors: Kaniwa Freeson
Published: October 2022

The paper explores the use of Virtual and Augmented Reality (VAR) in response to the Covid-19 Pandemic, that is, the role VAR can play during the Covid-19 crisis and beyond, for business continuity. VAR solutions are needed to help maintain continuity in teaching and learning following disruption caused by Covid-19 by allowing learners to continue to benefit similar physical teaching and learning experience by applying VAR solutions. The paper therefore reviews various solutions suitable for adoption in Open Universities.
The Workplace Impact of Concurrent Employment and Study through Commonwealth Distance Learning Scholarships
Authors: Harrison Brendan , Thuranira-McKeever Christine
Published: October 2022

This paper explores how Commonwealth Distance Learning Scholars who continue working during their studies apply the knowledge and skills that they acquire from their distance learning courses in their workplaces and demonstrates the impact of distance learning for students who continue to work, both on themselves and their workplaces. It draws upon data that has been collected though an annual survey of Commonwealth Distance Learning Scholars from the second year of their studies onwards, as well as a bespoke survey that was sent to Employers of current Scholars in 2021 to collect their views on how the Scholarship has affected both their employee’s own work, and their workplace more broadly. It demonstrates that these Scholars not only realise significant changes to their knowledge and skills, but that they also apply this knowledge and skills in their workplaces. This is done both through their own work but also by passing their learning on to others and making changes to their workplaces.
Evaluating the Role of Universities in Promoting Life skills among Young Students
Authors: Hussain Irshad
Published: October 2022

The present study was conducted to examine the role of universities in promoting life skills among the youth to live and work in 21st century. It was a descriptive study and adopted survey approach of the social sciences. The population of the study consisted of the students and faculty (of bachelor studies programs) of the final semester in general universities of Pakistan. Multistage sampling technique was used. Five universities were selected randomly one from each province and one from capital territory –Islamabad; one faculty was taken as cluster; and then finally ten (10) faculty members and Eighty (80) students were contacted purposive-conveniently from each of the faculty of the sampled universities. The total samples thus comprised of 50 university teachers and 400 students. The researcher after the literature review prepared two questionnaires on five-point-likert-scale: one for university teachers and one for the students. After piloting the tools were administered with the help of two data collectors who were trained for the purpose. Out of 50 and 400 questionnaires; forty four and 382 questionnaires of the university teachers and students respectively complete in all respect were received back. As the study was of descriptive nature and explored the role universities in promoting life skills among the youth/ students in Pakistan; hence, descriptive statistics i.e. percentage and mean score(s) was used to analyze the data and demonstrate the situation. On the basis of the data analysis the study concluded that universities have prime responsibility in promoting life skills among youth/ students by offering properly designed co-curricular activities. The universities are promoting life skills among the youth including IT skills, communication skills, critical thinking, problem-solving, creativity & innovation through co-curricular activities.
Utilization of nursing clinical decision support systems: An example of Dr. Siyami Ersek Hospital
Authors: Çelik Melike
Published: October 2022

Clinical decision support systems (CDSSs) are computer-based programs which support physicians and other health personnel during clinical decision making process. Working integrated with the electronic patient records, as a part of the clinical process, CDSS serves messages, makes suggestions, and helps applying new information to the patient care by analyzing patient-specific clinical variables. The CDSSs propose evidence-based nursing diagnosis to the nurses, ensure that the patient benefits from an individually designed extensive care service, and encompass drug warnings, drug interactions, food interactions, medical malpractice prevention systems, audio-visual warning systems, and statistical and reporting systems. In this article, we describe CDSSs and present type of CDSSs used in the cardiovascular surgery nursing field with relevant application examples.
Is there a difference in serum lactate level between conventional and minimal extracorporeal circulation systems?
Authors: Okyay Türkan
Published: October 2022

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the effect on tissue perfusion by comparing serum lactate levels in conventional and minimal extracorporeal circulation systems in coronary artery bypass graft operations. Patients and methods: Forty consecutive patients (32 males, 8 females; mean age: 65.0±10.5 year; range, 42 to 85 year) who underwent isolated coronary artery bypass graft between November 2017 and November 2018 were included in this retrospective cross sectional study. The patients were divided into two groups: the conventional group (Group 1, n=20) and the mini-circuit group (Group 2, n=20). Results: The mean activated clotting time was 440.8±33.4 sec in Group 1 and 286.4±38.2 sec in Group 2 (p <0.001). The mean volume of drainage was 800 mL in Group 1 (range, 300 to 2000 mL), whereas in Group 2, it was 450 mL (range, 300 to 1000 mL). According to the groups, the amount of drainage was found to be significantly different in the traditional group, almost twice the MECC group. (p<0.001). The median serum lactate level of the conventional group was higher than the mini-circuit group on postoperative 0th and 3rd days (p=0.043 ve p=0.023, respectively). Conclusion: The use of the mini-circuit system in the extracorporeal circulation reduces the serum lactate level more than the conventional system, yielding better tissue perfusion. The minimal extracorporeal circulation system is a safe alternative perfusion method for risky patients.
Efficiency of the vacuum-assisted closure method in the treatment of chronic venous ulcers and the role of the nurse
Authors: Özşen Kelime
Published: October 2022

Objectives: In our study, it was aimed to reveal the effects of using vacuum-assisted closure (VAC) systems in addition to compression therapy on wound healing in patients hospitalized for chronic venous ulcers. Patients and methods: Fifty-five patients (37 males, 18 females; mean age: 43±5 years, range, 38 to 48 years) who were hospitalized in our clinic for chronic venous ulcers between January 2015 - December 2021 were included in this retrospective study. The demographic data, wound widths, healing times of venous ulcers, length of hospital stay, and surgical treatment methods of patients who did (Group 1) and did not (Group 2) receive VAC therapy in addition to the surgical and medical procedures in the treatment of venous ulcers were compared. Results: The hospital stay of all patients was 9±2 days. While the mean ulcer healing time was 14±2 days in Group 1, it was 48±8 days in Group 2 (p=0.03). The mean hospital stay of the patients was 8±2 days in Group 1, whereas it was 15±3 days in Group 2 (p=0.04). Conclusion: As a result of the study, it was revealed that VAC therapy greatly increased the effectiveness of venous surgical methods and compression therapy in the treatment of chronic venous ulcers and shortened the treatment period; therefore, VAC therapy should be added to the treatment protocol for suitable patients with chronic venous ulcers.
Cardiopulmonary bypass weaning process, encountered challenges, and the management
Authors: Bilgili Aydın
Published: October 2022

Weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) requires the heart to resume its function as the driving force of blood flow, taking over from the mechanical pump in the CPB circuit. Weaning, the process of transition from CPB to physiological circulation, requires excellent communication and teamwork between the perfusionist, surgeon, and anesthetist. Cardiac function must be optimized prior to weaning from CPB to achieve a smooth transition. Delays in investigating or treating abnormal parameters may lead to the heart failing, necessitating a return to extracorporeal circulation. Consequently, anticipation of possible cardiac dysfunction and thorough advance preparation are key elements of the weaning process. This article aimed to mention the weaning process, difficulties, and management of CPB.
Venous air embolism after blunt thoracic trauma without additional pathology
Authors: Cebe Tamer
Published: October 2022

Air embolism is a rarely encountered but potentially life-threatening medical emergency and may occur as a result of many underlying reasons, such as trauma, surgery, catheterization, iatrogenic, and misapplication. Iatrogenic causes should be kept in mind, particularly if no other pathology is detected to explain the radiological findings in the patient after invasive procedures. In this case report, we present a 28-year-old male patient with a venous air embolism after a blunt trauma without an additional pathology and the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up period.
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support and nursing care in a patient treated for pulmonary artery aneurysm
Authors: Savaş Hafize
Published: October 2022

Aneurysms are one of the most complex conditions in open heart surgery. In this case, the nursing care of a 39-year-old female patient who was operated due to pulmonary artery aneurysm and left main coronary artery stenosis and who underwent extracorporeal membrane oxygenation was discussed. It is thought that qualified and comprehensive nursing care is important in increasing the success of the treatment and reducing the mortality and morbidity rates in the patient who underwent extracorporeal membrane oxygenation after pulmonary artery aneurysm and coronary artery bypass surgery with high mortality.
Evaluation of mortality scores in patients with adult congenital heart defects
Authors: Tan-Recep Berra Zümrüt
Published: October 2022

Objectives: Currently, there is no approved risk stratification for adult congenital heart surgery; accordingly, this study aimed to evaluate risk stratification for congenital heart surgery in the pediatric age in terms of its prognostic value in adult patients as well as the effectiveness of the newly developed Adult Congenital Heart Surgery (ACHS) score in this patient group. Patients and methods: A total of 205 patients (115 males, 90 females; mean age: 25.0±11.4 years; range, 18 to 65 years) operated on due to congenital heart disease between January 1, 2011, and August 1, 2019, were studied retrospectively. Aristotle Basic Complexity (ABC) score, Society of Thoracic Surgery European Association for Cardiothoracic Surgery (STAT) score, and ACHS score were evaluated. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were created to evaluate the ability of scoring systems to predict mortality. Results: The mortality rate was 4.4% (n=9). For mortality, areas under the ROC curve were 0.89, 0.89, and 0.70 for ABC, STAT, and ACHS scores, respectively. The mean ACHS score was 0.42±0.34. The cut-off point of the ACHS score was identified as 0.7 and above. The specificity of the cut-off value of 0.7 regarding the ACHS score was 94.39%. Adult Congenital Heart Surgery scores were found to be statistically high in patients with mortality (p=0.037; p<0.05). Conclusion: Adult Congenital Heart Surgery scores had higher specificity in determining mortality in cases with an ACHS score of 0.7 and above. The ACHS score could also be used to determine the expected mortality rate, similar to the ABC and STAT scores.
C-reactive protein/albumin ratio in predicting atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass grafting
Authors: Pala Arda Aybars
Published: October 2022

Objectives: In the present study, the purpose was to investigate the usability of the preoperative C-reactive protein/albumin ratio as a predictor of the development of postoperative atrial fibrillation in patients who undergo coronary artery bypass grafting. Patients and methods: A total of 336 patients (228 males, 108 females; mean age: 58.1±8.5 years; range 35 to 88 years) who underwent isolated coronary artery bypass grafting with cardiopulmonary bypass between January 2019 and January 2021 were reviewed in the single-center, retrospective study. Those with postoperative sinus rhythm were considered Group 1 (n=258), and patients with postoperative atrial fibrillation were defined as Group 2 (n=78). Preoperative routine biochemical tests of the patient groups were evaluated. Results: The incidence of postoperative atrial fibrillation was 23.2%. Statistically significant differences were detected between the two groups in terms of age (p<0.001) and previous percutaneous coronary intervention (p=0.028). In multivariate analysis, age, hemoglobin, mean platelet volume, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, and C-reactive protein/albumin ratio variables were found to be independent predictive factors of postoperative atrial fibrillation development (p<0.001, p=0.005, p=0.002, p<0.001, and p<0.001, respectively). Conclusion: Preoperative hemoglobin, mean platelet volume, calculated neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, and C-reactive protein/albumin ratio values can be used as predictors of postoperative atrial fibrillation development in patients who will undergo coronary artery bypass grafting.
The effect of right conventional radial artery access site and left distal radial artery access site on quality of life in coronary angiography: Which route is more appropriate?
Authors: Kış Mehmet
Published: October 2022

Objectives: There are not many studies comparing the right conventional and left distal radial (anatomical snuffbox) access in coronary angiography (CAG) or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in terms of patient satisfaction and complications; therefore, in this study, we planned to compare these two approaches and determine the ideal radial access site for the patients. Patients and methods: A total of 120 patients (80 males, 40 females; mean age: 59.2±11.7 years; range, 18 to 90 years) who underwent CAG or PCI via the radial artery between February 2022 and April 2022 were included in the prospective observational study. The patients were divided into right conventional radial artery access (Group 1; n=68) and left distal radial artery (access (Group 2; n=52) groups. Results: The rate of minor bleeding was higher in the right conventional access group compared to the left distal access group (16.2% vs. 3.8%; p=0.031). Major bleeding, hand ischemia, and radial artery occlusion were not observed in the study population. The rate of patients who had pain that disrupts daily activities was statistically higher in Group 1 than in Group 2 (17.6% vs. 5.8%). The patients in Group 2 were more satisfied with the transradial CAG/PCI compared to Group 1 (94.3% vs. 66.2%; p=0.001). Conclusion: Left distal radial artery access from the anatomic snuffbox was a safer method than right conventional radial artery access for CAG or PCI. Patients were more satisfied with the left distal radial access than the right conventional radial access.