bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reversible Deafness and Blindness in a Patient with Cryptococcal Meningitis in Tanzania
Authors: Douglas-Vail Matt , Bechamp Taylor , Gohal Simran , Soegtrop Robert , Vitali Sarah , Rugemalila Joan , Stone Neil R.H.
Published: December 2015

Cryptococcal meningitis is a common and devastating complication of advanced HIV, and is most prevalent in low resource settings in sub Saharan Africa. Raised intracranial pressure is one of the hallmarks of the disease, which can lead to visual and hearing loss and ultimately death. We present the case of a patient with visual and hearing impairment secondary to Cryptococcal meningitis successfully managed by serial cerebrospinal fluid drainage. This case highlights some of the challenges of managing this severe opportunistic infection in a low resource setting.
Post Liposuction Mycobacterium Abscessus Surgical Site Infection in a Returned Medical Tourist Complicated by a Paradoxical Reaction during Treatment
Authors: Hui Siong H. , Noonan Lisa , Chavada Ruchir
Published: December 2015

Rapidly growing mycobacterial skin and soft tissue infections are known to complicate cosmetic surgical procedures. Treatment consists of more surgery and prolonged antibiotic therapy guided by drug susceptibility testing. Paradoxical reactions occurring during antibiotic therapy can further complicate treatment of non-tuberculous mycobacterial infections. We report a case of post liposuction Mycobacterium abscessus surgical site infection in a returned medical tourist and occurrence of paradox during treatment.
Continued care in patients with cardiac failure in Regione Lombardia: central role of Cardiac Rehabilitation reaffirmed
Authors: Diaco Tommaso , Febo Oreste , Ambrosetti Marco , Malinverni Claudio
Published: December 2015

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Information about secondary prevention in coronary patients: a comparison between Italian and Brazilian Application of MICRO-Q Questionnaire
Authors: Lima de Melo Ghisi Gabriela , Medeiros Leite Cláudia , Sommaruga Marinella , Benetti Magnus
Published: December 2015

Background: The MICRO-Q (MaugerI CaRdiac preventiOn Questionnaire) is a self-administered questionnaire addressed to the evaluation of information regarding secondary prevention in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). The aim of this study was to compare the results from Italian and Brazilian application of MICRO-Q. Methods: the instrument was administered to 500 coronary patients (250 Italian and 250 Brazilian), 117 female and 383 male, aged on average 61.16 years (SD=9.74; range: 33-86), participants of cardiac rehabilitation programs. The Italian MICRO-Q has 26 items, 18 true statements and 8 false, with responses true, false and ‘don’t know’, with three separate scores: correct, uncorrect and uncertain. The Brazilian MICRO-Q has 25 items, 18 true statements and 7 false, with the same responses and scores. To verify and compare results we used Independent-Sample T Test, ANOVA and Bonferroni Post-hoc. Results: The analysis of mean total scores of Italian and Brazilian applications showed statistically significant differences for correct answers (p<0.001) and for ‘don’t know’ answers (p<0.001). 18 statements had significant (p<0.005) differences between applications in the two countries. Conclusion: Despite differences between Italy and Brazil, the analysis of MICRO-Q applications showed a similar mean score percent of correct answers, indicating enough knowledge about secondary prevention of CHD.
Non ST ergometric variables in the diabetic patient and their prognostic significance
Authors: Slavich Gianaugusto , Mapelli Paola , Fregolent Rudy , Slavich Massimo , Tuniz Duilio
Published: December 2015

Background. Recent research based on large number of patients has demonstrated that there are strong exercise predictors of cardiovascular events other than ST-segment behaviour. Studies focused on non-ST segment variables in exercise testing (exercise capacity, chronotropic and pressure response, heart rate recovery) in diabetics are lacking. The aim of our study is to find out differences in the exercise- testing variables between diabetics and non and to evaluate their prognostic role. Methods. We analyzed non ST-variables in 1172 patients undergoing exercise testing with Bruce protocol:diabetics vs non diabetics: n=83 (7%) vs n=1089 (93%); mean age: 64.37±8.44 vs 60.44±11.44; males: n=56 (67.47%) vs n=665 (61.06%). Mean follow-up was 13,5±4 months. Results. Follow-up data were available in 74 diabetics (89%), 14 (18,9%) presented cardiac events (death, infarction, coronaric revascularization, heart failure). Diabetics with events showed significantly worse 1st min Heart Rate (HR) and 3rd min Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP) recovery. Conclusions. Preliminary results highlight that non-ST variables (exercise time, chronotropic response, heart rate and blood pressure recovery) are significantly different in diabetics. Abnormal HR and SBP recovery identify a subgroup of diabetics at higher risk of cardiac events in the follow-up.
An uncommon clinical condition: chronic thrombosis of the inferior vena cava. A case report and review of literature
Authors: Donati Francesca , Misuraca Leonardo , Grigoratos Chrysanthos , Violo Caterina , Vannucci Stefano , Balbarini Alberto
Published: December 2015

The lifetime incidence of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is approximately 0.1% in general population and even more uncommon in subjects below 40 years of age. Thrombosis of the inferior vena cava (IVC) is an exceptionally rare clinical condition, with etiological factors similar to lower limb DVT. We present a case of post-traumatic chronic obstruction of the IVC in 41 years-old man, caused by a prolonged squatted position, while he was working as a bricklayer. We visited the patient fifteen years after the onset of the first clinical setting showing a severe post thrombotic syndrome, as a consequence of the already diagnosticated thrombosis, involving predominantly the right inferior leg. Thrombophilia screening tests showed patient to be a heterozygous carrier of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene mutation. Computed tomography (CT) scan confirmed the thrombotic obstruction of the infrahepatic IVC, both common iliac veins, right external and internal iliac veins, with multiple collateral pathways. Because of thrombosis extension, inherited prothrombotic condition and the young age of the patient, we decided to continue life-long oral anticoagulant therapy.
Association of diet, exercise, and smoking modification with risk of early cardiovascular events after acute coronary syndromes
Authors: Francesco Giallauria e Carlo Vigorito Commento bibliografico di
Published: December 2015

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Birds facing climate change: a qualitative model for the adaptive potential of migratory behaviour
Authors: Morganti Michelangelo
Published: December 2015

Recent climate change is altering the migratory behaviour of many bird species. An advancement in the timing of spring events and a shift in the geographical distribution have been detected for birds around the world. In particular, intra-Palearctic migratory birds have advanced arrivals in spring and shortened migratory distances by shifting northward their wintering grounds. These changes in migratory patterns are considered adaptive responses facilitating the adjustment of the life cycle to the phenological changes found in their breeding areas. However, in some cases, populations exposed to the same selective pressures do not show any appreciable adaptive change in their behaviour. Basing on the comparison of realized and non-realized adaptive changes, I propose here the formulation of a qualitative model that predicts the potential of migratory birds populations to change adaptively their migratory behaviour. The model assumes that the adaptive potential of migratory behaviour is fuelled by both genetic diversity and phenotypic plasticity. Populations of long-distance migrants are exposed to strong environmental canalization that largely eroded their phenotypic plasticity and reduced genetic variability, so that they show a very low amount of adaptive potential regarding migratory behaviour. On the contrary, partial-migrant populations have a highly varied genetic profile and are more plastic at the phenotypic level, and consequently show the highest amount of adaptive potential. Species with mainly social and mainly genetic determination of the migratory behaviour are separately treated in the model. Specific empirical models to foresee the adaptive strategies of wild bird populations that face to climate change can be derived from the general theoretical model. As example, a specific model about the shortening of migratory distances in Western European migratory bird is presented. Finally, a number of future research lines on the topic of adaptive potential of migratory behaviour are discussed, including some examples of concrete study cases. In conclusion, partial-migration emerge as the less known system and future research efforts on this topic are expected to be especially fruitful.
Check-list of Italian Birds, updated to the end of 2014
Authors: Brichetti Pierandrea , Fracasso Giancarlo
Published: December 2015

We provide a check-list of Italian birds with major emphasis on the phenological categorization of each taxon, following the approach and updating the results of an analogous list previously published (Brichetti & Massa, 1998). In this list we based on the IOC World Bird List (Gill & Donsker, 2015) for nomenclature, species sequence and higher level taxonomy (from genus to order). This compilation takes into account the decisions made by the Italian Ornithological Commission (COI) and includes 548 species, recorded in Italy until the end of 2014.
A developmental perspective on adolescent psychoanalytic psychotherapy. An Italian study with the Adolescent Psychotherapy Q-Set
Authors: Di Lorenzo Mauro , Maggiolini Alfio , Suigo Virginia Anna
Published: December 2015

Introduction: despite large and widely accepted research on effectiveness, most of psychotherapy research has been done with adults; few studies have been published on the process of adolescent psychotherapy, due to the complexity of the subject and the absence of instruments sensitive enough to empirically capture its nuances. Within psychoanalytic framework, a developmental approach is particu-larly helpful in the psychotherapy of adolescents. Objective: the purpose of this study was to investigate the typical features of Italian Adolescence Psychodynamic Psychotherapy and its similarities and differences with other adolescence psycho-therapeutic approaches; We also aimed at analyzing typical therapistsâ€™ responses to adolescent patients. Method: 50 italian adolescence psychotherapists filled a brief questionnaire about their clinical expertise, completed the Adolescent Psychothe-rapy Q â€“ Set (APQ) and the Therapist Response Questionnaire (TRQ) in order to describe their â€œactualâ€ practice with adolescents. Results: therapeutic process is characterized by a priority to helping adolescent make sense of his own experience, it focuses on present relationships and emotions rather than on past. Strong similar-ities with Mentalization Based Therapy, mild and no correlations with Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy and Classical Psychoanalysis respectively were found; towards adolescents therapists generaly display positive and protective countertransference responses. They less frequenlty show negative responses as overprotection, hostility or feeling of overwhelming. Conclusions: APQ and TRQ can provide meaningfull information about adolescent psychotherapy process. Instrumentsâ€™ improvement (i.e. reviewd items for APQ) and future perspectives are also discussed.
Diagnostic reference levels for paediatric computed tomography
Authors: Vawda Zakariya , Pitcher Richard , Akudugu John , Groenewald Willem
Published: December 2015

Objectives: To establish local diagnostic reference levels (LDRLs) for emergency paediatric head computed tomography (CT) scans performed at a South African (SA) tertiary-level hospital and to compare these with published data.Materials and methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted of volume-based CT dose index (CTDIvol) and dose length product (DLP) data from uncontrasted paediatric head CT scans performed in the Trauma and Emergency Unit of a tertiary-level SA hospital from January to June 2013. A random sample of 30 patients in each of 3 age groups (0–2, >2–5 and >5–10 years) was used. LDRL values were compared with several national DRLs from Europe and Australia. Results: Mean CTDIvol and DLP values were: 30 mGy and 488 mGy.cm for the 0–2 years age group; 31 mGy and 508 mGy.cm for the >2–5 years group, and 32 mGy and 563 mGy.cm for the >5–10 years group, respectively. The mean DLP for 0–2 year-olds was the only parameter outside the range of corresponding published reference data. Stratification into narrower age groupings showed an increase in DLP values with age. Conclusion: An institutional review of the head CT scanning technique for emergency studies performed on children less than 2 years of age is recommended. The current study highlights the role of LDRLs in establishing institutional dosimetry baselines, in refining local imaging practice, and in enhancing patient safety. Standard age stratification for DRL and LDRL reporting is recommended.
Imaging of intractable paediatric epilepsy
Authors: Prabhu Sanjay , Mahomed Nasreen
Published: December 2015

Approximately 20% of paediatric patients with epilepsy are refractory to medical therapies. In this subgroup of patients, neuroimaging plays an important role in identifying an epileptogenic focus. Successful identification of a structural lesion results in a better outcome following epilepsy surgery. Advances in imaging technologies, methods of epileptogenic region localisation and refinement of clinical evaluation of this group of patients in epilepsy centres have helped to widen the spectrum of children who could potentially benefit from surgical treatment. In this review, we discuss ways to optimise imaging techniques, list typical imaging features of common pathologies that can cause epilepsy, and potential pitfalls to be aware of whilst reviewing imaging studies in this challenging group of patients. The importance of multidisciplinary meetings to analyse and synthesise all the non-invasive data is emphasised. Our objectives are: to describe the four phases of evaluation of children with drug-resistant localisation-related epilepsy; to describe optimal imaging techniques that can help maximise detection of epileptogenic foci; to describe a systematic approach to reviewing magnetic resonance imaging of children with intractable epilepsy; to describe the features of common epileptogenic substrates; to list potential pitfalls whilst reviewing imaging studies in these patients; and to highlight the value of multimodality and interdisciplinary approaches to the management of this group of children.
Energy estimates for a class of semilinear elliptic equations on half Euclidean balls
Authors: Guo Ying , Zhang Lei
Published: December 2015

For a class of semi-linear elliptic equations with critical Sobolev exponents and boundary conditions, we prove pointwise estimates for blowup solutions and energy estimates. A special case of this class of equations is a locally defined prescribing scalar curvature and mean curvature type equation.
Division fields of elliptic curves with minimal ramification
Authors: Lozano-Robledo Alvaro
Published: December 2015

Let

E

be an elliptic curve defined over

\mathbb Q

, let

p

be a prime number, and let

n\geq 1

. It is well-known that the

p^n

-th division field

\mathbb Q(E[p^n])

of the elliptic curve

E

contains all the

p^n

-th roots of unity. It follows that the Galois extension

\mathbb Q(E[p^n])/\mathbb Q

is ramified above

p

, and the ramification index

e(p,\mathbb Q(E[p^n])/\mathbb Q)

of any prime

\mathfrak P

of

\mathbb Q(E[p^n])

lying above

p

is divisible by

\varphi(p^n)

. The goal of this article is to construct elliptic curves

E/\mathbb Q

such that

e(p,\mathbb Q(E[p^n])/\mathbb Q)

is precisely

\varphi(p^n)

, and such that the Galois group of

\mathbb Q(E[p^n])/\mathbb Q

is as large as possible, i.e., isomorphic to

\mathrm {GL}(2,\mathbb Z/p^n\mathbb Z)

.
Sharp Logarithmic Inequalities for Hardy Operators
Authors: Osękowski Adam
Published: December 2015

Let

\ell\geq 1

be a fixed number. We determine, for each

K>0

, the best constant

L=L(K,\ell)\in (0,\infty]

such that the following holds. If

f

is a function on

(0,1]

with

\int_0^1 |f(r)|\mathrm{d}r=1

, then

\int_0^1 t^{\ell-1}\left(\frac{1}{t}\int_0^t |f(r)|\mathrm{d}r\right)^\ell\mathrm{d}t\leq K \int_0^1 |f(r)|\log |f(r)|\,\mathrm{d}r+L.

As an application, we derive a sharp local logarithmic estimate for

n

-dimensional fractional Hardy operator.
Resonant Sturm–Liouville Boundary Value Problems for Differential Systems in the Plane
Authors: Boscaggin Alberto , Garrione Maurizio
Published: December 2015

We study the Sturm-Liouville boundary value problem associated with the planar differential system

Jz'=\nabla V(z) + R(t, z)

, where

V(z)

is positive and positively

2

-homogeneous and

R(t, z)

is bounded. Assuming Landesman-Lazer type conditions, we obtain the existence of a solution in the resonant case. The proofs are performed via a shooting argument. Some applications to boundary value problems associated with scalar second order asymmetric equations are discussed.
Tratamiento informativo y análisis del liderazgo político durante las elecciones autonómicas de 2015 en la Comunidad Valenciana
Authors: González-Esteban José Luis , López García Guillermo , Llorca Abad Germán , López-Rico Carmen María
Published: December 2015

El estudio del movimiento social del 15M y luego su canalización en un partido como Podemos, resulta de especial interés en diferentes campos como la sociología, la política y también el periodismo. En la misma línea, resulta de interés para su estudio la definitiva eclosión en el panorama político-mediático de Ciudadanos o la consolidación de una fuerza política local como Compromís en la Comunidad Valenciana. En este sentido, se han estudiado las coberturas informativas-opinativas que sobre estas formaciones políticas y el resto de formaciones tradicionales se realizaron en la Comunidad Valenciana durante la campaña electoral de las Elecciones Autonómicas de 2015 y que supusieron un cambio de Gobierno tras veinte años en el poder del Partido Popular. El presente trabajo se enmarca en el seno de la investigación del proyecto nacional de I+D Mediaflows (Ministerio Economía y Competitividad) que se centra en la influencia: quién influye sobre quién, de qué forma y con qué efectos. Nos centramos en los flujos por los que circula la información porque nos permite ver ese proceso de traslación de mensajes y combinación de agendas que intentan influir, todas ellas, sobre el espacio público. Buscamos ver cuáles son más influyentes y en qué dirección, o direcciones, se produce el flujo de transmisión de la información. En cuanto, a la metodología, se trabaja la vertiente cuantitativa utilizando la teoría del framing, para el análisis de discursos y contextos, y la cualitativa, utilizando fundamentalmente las herramientas de ‘focus gropu’ y las entrevistas en profundidad.  El objetivo principal ha sido analizar el liderazgo territorial de los partidos en la prensa local-tradicional de esta Comunidad: caso de la provincia de Castellón, el diario Mediterráneo, del grupo Zeta; en Alicante, el diario Información, del grupo Prensa Ibérica, y en la provincia de Valencia, el diario Las Provincias, del grupo Vocento. La investigación sirve para comparar la presencia y análisis del discurso de los líderes autonómicos en esos mismos periódicos locales. Unos son líderes de partidos ya consolidados y con años de trabajo en el Gobierno o la oposición, otros recién llegados, pero respaldados por marcas políticas pujantes que tienen detrás a líderes mediáticos como Pablo Iglesias o Albert Rivera.
La gérance des antibiotiques : un rôle important du domaine de la pharmacie?
Authors: Bond Christine M
Published: December 2015

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Dissemination of Research Results: On the Path to Practice Change
Authors: Edwards David J
Published: December 2015

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Antipsychotic-Induced Rabbit Syndrome in a Pediatric Patient
Authors: Nataraj James , Jabbal Rekha
Published: December 2015

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Treatment of Suspected Pulmonary Embolism in a Super-Obese Individual
Authors: Sine Keith
Published: December 2015

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Wisdom from the Pharmacy Leadership Trenches
Authors: Hall Kevin
Published: December 2015

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Souvenirs d’évènements passés
Authors: Millin Bruce
Published: December 2015

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Remembrance of Things Past
Authors: Millin Bruce
Published: December 2015

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A Framework for (Tele-) Monitoring of the Rehabilitation Progress in Stroke Patients
Authors: David V. , Haller M. , Kotzian S. , Hofmann M. , Schlossarek S. , Eichholzer K. , Winkler M. , Frohner M. , Reichel M. , Mayr W. , Rafolt D. , Jagos H.
Published: December 2015

Background: Preservation of mobility in conjunction with an independent life style is one of the major goals of rehabilitation after stroke.

Objectives: The Rehab@Home framework shall support the continuation of rehabilitation at home.

Methods: The framework consists of instrumented insoles, connected wirelessly to a 3G ready tablet PC, a server, and a web-interface for medical experts. The rehabilitation progress is estimated via automated analysis of movement data from standardized assessment tests which are designed according to the needs of stroke patients and executed via the tablet PC application.

Results: The Rehab@Home framework’s implementation is finished and ready for the field trial (at five patients’ homes). Initial testing of the automated evaluation of the standardized mobility tests shows reproducible results.

Conclusions: Therefore it is assumed that the Rehab@Home framework is applicable as monitoring tool for the gait rehabilitation progress in stroke patients.
Improving Bridging from Informatics Theory to Practice
Authors: Haux R. , Koch S.
Published: December 2015

Background: In 1962, Methods of Information in Medicine (MIM) began to publish papers on the methodology and scientific fundamentals of managing data, information, and knowledge in biomedicine and health care. Meeting an increasing demand for research about practical implementation of health information systems, the journal Applied Clinical Informatics (ACI) was launched in 2009. Both journals are official journals of the International Medical Informatics Association (IMIA).

Objectives: Based on prior analyses, we aimed to describe major topics published in MIM during 2014 and to explore whether theory of MIM influenced practice of ACI. Our objectives were further to describe lessons learned and to discuss possible editorial policies to improve bridging from theory to practice.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective, observational study reviewing MIM articles published during 2014 (N=61) and analyzing reference lists of ACI articles from 2014 (N=70). Lessons learned and opinions about MIM editorial policies were developed in consensus by the two authors. These have been influenced by discussions with the journal’s associate editors and editorial board members.

Results: The publication topics of MIM in 2014 were broad, covering biomedical and health informatics, medical biometry and epidemiology. Important topics discussed were biosignal interpretation, boosting methodologies, citation analysis, health-enabling and ambient assistive technologies, health record banking, safety, and standards. Nine ACI practice articles from 2014 cited eighteen MIM theory papers from any year. These nine ACI articles covered mainly the areas of clinical documentation and medication-related decision support. The methodological basis they cited from was almost exclusively related to evaluation. We could show some direct links where theory impacted practice. These links are however few in relation to the total amount of papers published.

Conclusions: Editorial policies such as publishing systematic methodological reviews and clarification of possible practical impact of theory-focused articles may improve bridging.
Effect of divergent selection for uterine capacity on embryonic survival and development at 30 h post-mating in unilaterally ovariectomized rabbit females
Authors: Peiro R. , Gallego M. , Blasco A. , Santacreu M.A.
Published: December 2015

Uterine capacity has been proposed as an indirect way to increase litter size. The aim of this work is to study the effect of a divergent selection for uterine capacity (UC) on reproductive traits at 30 h post mating in unilaterally ovariectomized (ULO) females. A total of 62 ULO females from the high line (selected to increase UC) and 39 ULO females from the low line (selected to decrease UC) were used. Ovulation rate was estimated as the number of corpora haemorrhagica and early embryonic survival was estimated as the ratio between number of embryos and ovulation rate. No differences in ovulation rate and early embryonic survival at 30 h post mating were found between high and low lines. Selection for UC did not change the embryonic stage of development either, the majority of embryos being at 4-cell stage. Additionally, the embryos were evaluated according to morphological criteria and more than 95% of the embryos were evaluated as good or fair quality. No differences in embryonic morphological criteria between high and low lines were found either. Thus, selection for UC did not modify the early embryonic survival and development in ULO females at 30 h post mating.
Genetic analysis of growth traits in the progeny of rabbit does from a diallel cross
Authors: Mínguez C. , Sánchez J.P. , Brun J.M. , Ragab M. , El Nagar A.G. , Baselga M.
Published: December 2015

An experiment was carried out to estimate the genetic group effects and the crossbreeding genetic parameters of growth traits [body weight (BW), average daily gain (ADG), feed intake (FI) and feed conversion ratio (FCR)] in rabbits during fattening between 28 and 63 d. The rabbits were the progeny of does coming from a full diallel cross between 4 maternal lines (A, V, H and LP) mated to bucks of the paternal line R. On thousand fifty five  rabbits were controlled and the traits were recorded weekly, with the cage as the experimental unit for FI and FCR (283 cages). The genetic group (V line) was present in all farms in order to connect records among them and to be used as reference group. Crossbreeding parameters were estimated according to the Dickerson model. Regarding dam effects between pure lines for BW at weaning, A line was the heaviest and showed significant differences with LP and V lines (61 and 30 g, respectively). Upon completion of the fattening period, the differences in favour of A line for BW at weaning were compensated. Throughout the fattening period, no significant differences were observed between the lines as dam lines. At the end of the fattening period, no significant differences were observed between the crossbred groups. Regarding the reciprocal effects, the most relevant results were the significances for FCR in favour of H as sire line. For all traits, the confidence intervals at 95% of all contrast and effects were large. The estimates of maternal heterosis were, in general, negative, which could be a consequence of the positive heterosis for litter size. The AH cross showed significant maternal heterosis for BW at 43 d (–53 g), ADG between 28 and 42 d (–3.5 g/d), FI between 28 and 63 d (–7 g/d) and FCR between 42 and 63 d (–0.15). The combination of direct and maternal effects of the V line was the worst for all growth traits, showing significant differences with the LP line for most of them, for instance 0.13 worse FCR between 28 and 63 d. Grand-maternal effects were less important than direct-maternal.
Varying Perception of Smile Esthetics-A Deviation from the Norm: A Pictorial Questionnaire-based Survey
Authors: Gupta Pankaj , Gada Sneha Ketan
Published: December 2015

Introduction

Living in a beauty conscious society, the mouth, a focal point of the face, plays a major role in how we perceive ourselves and in the impression we make on the people around us.

Esthetic perception varies from person to person, being influenced by each person's personal experience and social environment. In the process of providing esthetic treatment for a patient, one should not only rely on one's eyes and personal perception of beauty, but also be guided by the patient's desires. Hence, the measurement of the perception of beauty in dentistry is fundamental for providing scientific data that can guide diagnosis and treatment planning.

Aim

This study aims at evaluating the changing trends of esthetic dentistry with the perception of people.

Materials and methods

The study using a visual pictorial questionnaire was conducted among 100 students of Nair Hospital Dental College, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India in February 2013, consequently repeated in October 2013. The scores were averaged and calculated to record the probability prevalence of the same.

Results

A marked shift from the conventional principles of smiles design has been witnessed showing a changing perception of people contrasting to the esthetic norms.

Conclusion

An equal importance needs to be given to the patient's desire combined with the dentist's knowledge and experience of esthetics to deliver efficient and appreciable esthetic outcomes.

How to cite this article

Gada SK, Gupta P. Varying Perception of Smile Esthetics-A Deviation from the Norm: A Pictorial Questionnaire-based Survey. Int J Prosthodont Restor Dent 2015;5(3):68-73.
Knowledge and Attitude toward Denture Adhesives: A Survey on Dentists and Complete Denture Wearers
Authors: Shah Rupal J , Lagdive Sanjay B , Talkal Arun Kumar , Agrawal Hemal , Darji Bhavyata
Published: December 2015

Aims and objectives

The objective of the study was to investigate the attitude and assess to the knowledge of complete denture wearers and dentists toward denture adhesive and to initiate awareness for the same.

Materials and methods

A questionnaire was mailed to 850 dentists out of which 456 dentists replied. Three hundred and sixty-two complete denture wearers were surveyed with a different questionnaire in the department and were assessed for awareness and usage of denture adhesive.

Results

The results of this survey indicated that 66.89% of dentists used denture adhesives in their practice. Complete denture wearers lack awareness regarding use of denture adhesives as 74.5% of them had never tried denture adhesives. Majority of dentists are also unfamiliar with their beneficial effects.

Conclusion

It should be emphasized that denture adhesives can be considered as a beneficial adjunct to improve fit, comfort, and function of dentures, and psychological security of patients when indicated in schools of dentistry. The knowledge of the patients will always depend on the knowledge of the dentists and how well the dentists educate their patients.

Key message

The outcome of this survey demonstrates that the rate of knowledge of dental practitioners and patients toward denture adhesives has not been in a good situation.

How to cite this article

Shah RJ, Lagdive SB, Talkal AK, Agrawal H, Darji B. Knowledge and Attitude toward Denture Adhesives: A Survey on Dentists and Complete Denture Wearers. Int J Prosthodont Restor Dent 2015;5(3):74-80.
Cone-beam Computed Tomography Evaluation of Root Canal Preparation using Various Rotary Instruments: An in vitro Study
Authors: Ramanathan Suhashini , Solete Pradeep
Published: December 2015

Aim

To evaluate the remaining dentin thickness of teeth after cleaning and shaping the root canal using three rotary instrumentation technique using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Materials and methods

Thisin vitrostudy is being done with 30 premolar samples with 20’ curvature. The study is divided into three groups a CBCT was taken to measure the shortest distance from the root canal outline to the closest adjacent root surface was measured at each level from the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) (1,3, 5 and 7 mm) before and after root canal instrumentation. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of different instruments used to prepare curved root canals on the remaining cervical dentin thickness and total amount of dentin removed from root canals during instrumentation by using multi-slice CBCT. The remaining dentin thickness is very much necessary for the success rate of root canal treatment. However, this study helps to prove that a conservative preparation with a sound remaining dentin thickness is much more advisable.

Result

It was observed that there was a significant difference at 1 and 3 mm (p < 0.05) and at 5 and 7 mm there was no significant difference (p > 0.05). Mtwo has removed less amount dentin when compared to ProTaper Universal and ProTaper Next system at 1 and 3 mm.

Conclusion

Under the conditions of the study, we concluded that ProTaper Universal and ProTaper Next should be used judiciously, as it causes higher thinning of root dentin of the root when compared with Mtwo.

How to cite this article

Ramanathan S, Solete P. Cone-beam Computed Tomography Evaluation of Root Canal Preparation using Various Rotary Instruments: Anin vitroStudy. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(11):869-872.
Influence of Different Types and Concentrations of Chemical Catalysts on Dental Bleaching Efficiency
Authors: Borges Alessandra Buhler , Guimarães Carolina Anne , Torres Carlos Rocha Gomes , Ribeiro Zulene Eveline Abreu
Published: December 2015

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of different types and concentrations of chemical catalysts on the efficiency of 35% hydrogen peroxide gel on dental bleaching. Enameldentin disks were obtained from bovine incisors and the initial color was assessed. The groups were divided according to the type and concentration of catalyst added to an experimental gel: ferrous sulphate (FS) (0.001, 0.002 and 0.003%); ferrous gluconate (FG) (0.01, 0.02 and 0.03%); ferric chloride (FC) (0.01, 0.02 and 0.03%); manganese gluconate (MG) (0.01, 0.02 and 0.03%); and manganese chloride (MC) (0.01, 0.02 and 0.03%). The positive control (PC) group received the bleaching gel without any catalyst, while in the negative control (NC) the specimens remained in artificial saliva. Three applications of the bleaching gels were performed for 10 minutes each, repeated after 7 days. Color assessments were performed 7 days after the first session and 7 days after the second. The specimens were stored in artificial saliva and assessed again after 1 year. The data were analyzed by parametric analysis of variance and Tukey's test. Some of the chemical catalysts tested were effective in reducing the yellowish color of the samples in relation to the positive control group after 1 and 2 applications and diminished the color relapse over time. After 1 year, the FS was the most effective catalyst tested. We concluded that some chemical catalysts increased the efficiency of dental bleaching.

How to cite this article

Torres CRG, Guimarães CA, Ribeiro ZEA, Borges AB. Influence of Different Types and Concentrations of Chemical Catalysts on Dental Bleaching Efficiency. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(11):893-902.
Evaluation of Root Canal Cleaning and Shaping Efficacy of Three Engine-driven Instruments: SafeSider, ProTaper Universal and Lightspeed LSX
Authors: Wigler Ronald , Koren Tal , Tsesis Igor
Published: December 2015

Aim

To compare the cleaning effectiveness and shaping ability of SafeSider, ProTaper Universal and Lightspeed rotary instruments during the preparation of curved root canals in extracted human teeth.

Materials and methods

A total of 63 roots with curved root canals were divided into three groups. Canals were prepared using SafeSider, ProTaper Universal or Lightspeed LSX. Using pre- and post-instrumentation radiographs, straightening of the canal curvatures and loss of working length were determined with a computer image analysis program.

The amounts of debris at the apical 5 mm were quantified on the basis of a numerical evaluation scale. The data were analyzed statistically using the two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA).

Results

There was significantly more transportation among the Lightspeed LSX group compared to the SafeSider and ProTaper Universal groups only at the 4 mm level (p < 0.05). The ProTaper Universal instruments performed significantly faster than other groups. No significant differences were observed between the three engine-driven instruments with regards to debris removal.

Conclusion

SafeSider, ProTaper Universal and Lightspeed LSX rotary instruments maintained the original canal curvature well at the apical 3 mm and were safe to use. No difference was found in cleaning efficacy and none rendered the apical part of the canal free of debris.

Clinical significance

SafeSider, ProTaper Universal and Lightspeed LSX rotary instruments are safe to use in curved root canals.

How to cite this article

Wigler R, Koren T, Tsesis I. Evaluation of Root Canal Cleaning and Shaping Efficacy of Three Engine- Driven Instruments: SafeSider, ProTaper Universal and Lightspeed LSX. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(11):910-914.
Prevalence of Herpesvirus and Correlation with Clinical Parameters in Indian Subjects with Chronic Periodontitis
Authors: Joshi Vinayak Mahableshwar , Bhat Kishore Gajanan , Katti Sandeep Suresh , Kugaji Manohar Suresh , Ingalgi Preeti Shivaji
Published: December 2015

Objective

The identification of new uncultured species and viruses supports the possibility of combination of the herpesvirus- bacterial periodontal infection for periodontitis. The paucity of data and studies with larger sample size in Indian subjects provides an unclear picture of the presence of the herpesvirus in this population.

Materials and methods

This was a cross-sectional study consisting of 100 each in the healthy group and chronic periodontitis (CP) group. The subgingival plaque was collected and polymerase chain reaction was performed post deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) extraction by using specific primers for human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). The data were analyzed using Fisher's exact test, Mann-Whitney U test and Spearman's coefficient correlation.

Results

Human cytomegalovirus and EBV viruses were significantly higher in the CP group as compare to the healthy group. A higher percentage of those with CMV positive had EBV also positive (28.3%) compared to only 9.1% of CMV negative being EBV positive in the CP group. When both the healthy and CP group in total was compared, there was a significant correlation with all clinical parameters.

Conclusion

Both the viruses dominated in disease as compared to health were similar to the earlier findings. The CP group had higher pocket depth and clinical attachment loss in the virus positive subjects. These findings could suggest that virus serves as a prelude to the disease and the combination of the two viruses could play a role in the pathogenesis.

How to cite this article

Joshi VM, Bhat KG, Katti SS, Kugaji MS, Ingalgi PS. Prevalence of Herpesvirus and Correlation with Clinical Parameters in Indian Subjects with Chronic Periodontitis. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(11):915-920.
Erosion Potential of Tooth Whitening Regimens as Evaluated with Polarized Light Microscopy
Authors: Kwon So Ran , Qian Fang , Brambert Patrick
Published: December 2015

Aims

Tooth whitening is a widely utilized esthetic treatment in dentistry. With increased access to over-the-counter (OTC) systems concerns have been raised as to potential adverse effects associated with overuse of whitening materials. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate enamel erosion due to different whitening regimens when used in excess of recommended guidelines.

Materials and methods

Extracted human teeth (n = 66) were randomly divided into 11 groups (n = 6/group). Specimens were exposed to OTC products: Crest Whitestrips and 5-minute natural white and a do-it-yourself (DIY) strawberry whitening recipe. Within each regimen, groups were further divided per exposure time: specimens receiving the recommended product dosage; 5 times the recommended dosage; and 10 times the recommended dosage. Negative and positive controls were treated with grade 3 water and 1.0% citric acid, respectively. Specimens were nail-varnished to limit application to a 1 × 4 mm window. Following treatment, specimens were sectioned and erosion (drop in μm) measured using polarized light microscopy. Two-sample t-test was used to detect difference in amount of enamel erosion between negative and positive groups, while one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by post hoc Dunnett's test was used to detect difference between set of treatment groups and negative control groups or among all experimental groups.

Results

There was significant difference in mean amount of enamel erosion (p < 0.0001). Mean enamel erosion for positive control group was significantly greater than that for negative control group (23.50 vs 2.65 μm). There was significant effect for type of treatments on enamel erosion [F(9,50) = 25.19; p < 0.0001]. There was no significant difference between the negative control and each of treatment groups (p > 0.05 for all instances), except for Natural White_10 times treatment group (p < 0.0001) that was significantly greater than the negative control group (14.82 vs 2.65 μm).

Conclusion

Caution is advised when using certain over-thecounter products beyond recommended guidelines as there is potential for enamel erosion.

Clinical significance

Enamel erosion due to the overuse of whitening products varies for different modalities and products. Therefore, caution is advised when using certain over-thecounter products beyond recommended guidelines, as there is potential for enamel erosion.

How to cite this article

Brambert P, Qian F, Kwon SR. Erosion Potential of Tooth Whitening Regimens as Evaluated with Polarized Light Microscopy. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(11):921-925.
Moonlight Tales as Potential Tools for Behavioural Moulding: Cases of Five Selected Moonlight Tales
Authors: Dada Ojo Matthias Olufemi , Ayodele Abel Olurotimi
Published: December 2015

This article examined the usefulness of moonlight stories or tales as powerful tools in character moulding of the African Children. Five different moonlight tales were sampled and told and the lessons derived highlighted. The article concludes that moonlight storytelling, like other unwritten oral traditions in Africa has faded away, especially in African cities where the parents have no time to sit down their children and mould their characters through story telling.
The article recommends that parents should be re-orientated on moonlight storytelling and encouraged to tell stories to their children against all odds. It also recommends the inclusion of moonlight story telling into the school curricula in African Schools. Finally, storytelling on radio and television to children is also recommended.
Improving Tourist Offer Through Inter-Destination Cooperation in a Tourist Region
Authors: Jegdić Vaso V , Tomka Dragica , Knežević Mladen , Koščak Marko , Milošević Srdjan , Škrbić Iva , Keča Ksenija
Published: December 2015

Modern development of tourism is under a strong influence of globalisation processes. In order to achieve global competitiveness, it is necessary to build regional competitiveness due to the significant role of the region as the basic unit of development and as the carrier of tourist offer that should satisfy globalised demands in terms of both quantity and quality. Up until now, the destinations built competitive advantage through shaping local resources and possibilities into products and services for the visitors, and through coordinating activities of various participants on the level of the destination. Today, it is known that the destinations that aim towards leadership positions in the market must seek new sources of competitive advantage, considering that efficient cooperation of interested parties within a destination does not always suffice. One of such advantages is the development of cooperation amongst destinations and their linkage into wider tourist regions. In other works from the subject area, several forms of inter-destination cooperation and its factors of influence have been identified. However, even until now, this subject has not been sufficiently clarified. The subject of the research is the cooperation amongst destinations within a wider tourist region and the possibilities for improvement of the tourist offer through such cooperation. The aim of the research is to determine the validity of activities of inter-destination cooperation within a wider tourist region. General analytic-synthetic method of research was used in the paper, in the span of bibliographic-speculative to empirical approach by applying the method of document content analysis.
The Efficacy of Food Handler Training: The Transtheoretical Model in Focus, Brazil, 2013
Authors: GARCIA Paloma Popov Custódio , AKUTSU Rita de Cássia , SAVIO Karin Eleonora , CAMARGO Erika Barbosa , SILVA Izabel Cristina Rodrigues
Published: December 2015

Objective - to analyze the educational intervention strategies based on the transtheoretical model, in restaurants employees

Methodology - This work is an intervention study, based on the Attitude Change Scale for Food Handlers (ACSFH); and the check-list based on the RDC 216/2004. Both instruments were applied before and after the educational intervention. The study was conducted with 263 food handlers, in 12 Community Restaurants (CR) of the Federal District (Brazil).

Results and Discussion - The internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = 0.90) showed that the instruments were adequate. Of the 263 food handlers, 74.5% (n = 196) were female, 49.8% (n = 131) had elementary education and 77.6% (n = 204) were kitchen helpers. The attitude stage obtained from ACSFH in both moments of the instrument application were respectively 3.77 - Action stage and 4.06 - Maintenance, showing significant difference between the two time periods (p = 0.000). The results obtained from the check-lists before and after the intervention were rated as satisfactory according to Soto et al. (2009). Although rated as satisfactory, there was a statistic difference between them (p = 0.000). The results showed that after the education campaign there was a change for the best in the conception of good manufacturing practices (GMP). They also showed that the adoption of active methodologies associated with the diagnostic of propensity to change, based on the transtheoretical model, are efficient for practically all attitudes. These results can contribute to the adoption, in restaurants, of custom-made training strategies based on the results obtained from applying the transtheoretical model.
Bemiddeling in strafzaken in Maastricht III
Authors: Claessen Jacques , Zeles Gwenny , Zebel Sven , Nelen Hans
Published: December 2015

Mediation in penal matters in Maastricht III Recidivism rates for juveniles and adults

In this article we describe the mediation practice that exists at the prosecution office in Maastricht/Limburg and which was established in 1999. First, we summarize the main results of our earlier study on the relation between mediation and recidivism/reoffending rates on the basis of the Maastricht mediation model. In the remaining part of this article, we focus on answering the question whether the main results of our earlier study differ when we distinguish between adult (23 years and older) and juvenile (under 23 years) offenders. In order to answer this question several extra analyses have been carried out. The main conclusion of this article is that offenders with whom is mediated, reoffend significantly less than offenders who got a regular criminal sanction – regardless of whether the offenders are older or younger than 23 years.