bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sonographic signs of abdominal neoplasms in feline uveitis
Authors: Vilmis D. A.
Published: August 2024

Feline uveitis is a common inflammatory disease of the vascular membrane of the eye. Damage to the uveal tract can be caused by a variety of causes, including systemic diseases, autoimmune processes, viral and bacterial infections, parasitic diseases, and oncological pathologies. Differential diagnosis of etiological factors is difficult and requires a comprehensive examination of the animal: careful collection of anamneses in order to exclude a traumatic factor, laboratory tests, serological tests to detect viral infections and parasitic infestations, visual diagnostic examination to diagnose systemic diseases and search for the oncological process. The research was conducted in 2023-2024 on the basis of the Department of Diseases of small domestic, laboratory and exotic animals, as well as the laboratory of "Oncology, Ophthalmology and Biochemistry of Animals" of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution "ROSBIOTECH". The aim of the study was to substantiate the use of sonographic and morphological research methods in the differential diagnosis of the etiology of feline uveitis. During the study, in 20.8% of cases (15 cats), sonographic examination of the abdominal cavity allowed to determine the cause of uveitis. We found: thickening of the muscular layer of the intestinal wall with partial or complete loss of layer differentiation, a local increase in the echogenicity of the surrounding adipose tissue, signs of mechanical obstruction of the proximally affected area, diffuse changes in mesenteric lymph nodes, diffuse focal changes in the liver and spleen, a volumetric neoplasm in the abdominal cavity located caudal to the right kidney, moderate nephromegaly and diffuse changes with violation of the differentiation of the cortical and cerebral layers. According to the results of morphological examination of the biopsy material, the diagnosis of large cell lymphoma was established in all cases. Uveitis in this group of cats is attributed to ophthalmopathy associated with paraneoplastic syndrome.
Physiological justification of diagnostic and therapeutic measures for allergic flea dermatitis
Authors: Skosyrskikh L. N. , Sidorova K. A. , Tatarnikova N. A. , Shchipakin M. V.
Published: August 2024

In modern conditions, the percentage of allergic diseases increases every year. A sufficient number of studies have been devoted to the study of various aspects of the pathology under consideration in small pets, but its solution will contribute to a comfortable life for the patient. According to the conducted research, it was found that among dermatological diseases, there were such as allergic: in cats 22.2%, in dogs 15.5%; parasitic in cats 13.3%, in dogs 10.5%; fungal in cats 6.3%, in dogs 7.2%, bacterial in cats 5.8%, in dogs 6.4%; thermal in cats 5.2%, in dogs 2.3%, chemical in cats 5.3%, in dogs 2.2%. Flea allergic dermatitis is a hypersensitivity reaction to one or more components of fleas, especially to allergens contained in their saliva. Flea dermatitis is most often recorded in late summer, which corresponds to the peak of flea numbers. The purpose of flea control is to eliminate them on pets, eliminate existing contamination in the environment and prevent re-infection. The main symptoms indicating allergic flea dermatitis: severe itching; numerous wounds due to scratching; hair falling out, the appearance of bald patches on the animal's body, ulcers covered with crusts; lack of appetite, vomiting; inappropriate behavior, irritability. When diagnosing allergic flea dermatitis, a number of factors were taken into account, including anamnesis, clinical signs, results of a wet test for the presence of fleas or their excrement, cytology of skin scraping, as well as the exclusion of other causes of dermatological diseases including atopic dermatitis and food allergies. The clinical signs of allergic flea dermatitis are variable and depend on the duration of the disease, as well as the degree of hypersensitivity and the consequences of previous or current treatment.
Characteristics of electromagnetic radiation of the veterinary physiotherapy device UMI-05-V
Authors: Chuvaev I. V. , Вudnik Zh. S. , Yashin A. V.
Published: August 2024

We studied some physical characteristics of the veterinary physiotherapeutic device UMI-V-05. The magnetic induction at different power levels was determined using TPU 02 militeslameter. The magnetic induction was measured for each power value. The probe of the milliteslameter was placed directly on the working surface, in the center of the inductor. It was found that the minimum magnetic induction of the device is 350±6.0 mTl, and the maximum is 1058±10.0 mTl. During the device operation, the heating of the inductor was determined using a thermal imager and a stopwatch. During the recommended time range (10 minutes), the inductor temperature did not exceed 46 °C. Determination of the pulse radiation frequency depending on the magnetic induction value was carried out using a stopwatch. At each working power the number of pulses per minute was counted and the number of pulses per second was calculated (frequency determination). It was revealed that UMI-V-05 is a low-frequency source of pulsed magnetic radiation with the maximum frequency of 1.3 Hz at the minimum magnetic induction of 350±6.0 mTl and the minimum frequency of 0.1 Hz at the maximum magnetic induction of 1058±10.0 mTl. Using a ruler and a TPU 02 milliteslameter, the degree of magnetic pulse attenuation depending on the distance to the working surface of UMI-V-05 was determined, it was fixed that the value of magnetic induction varies inversely proportional to the distance from the inductor. The penetration ability of the electromagnetic pulse through different media: biological and non-biological using TPU 02 militeslameter was studied. Biological tissues (muscle, bone) and some nonbiological media (paper, glass, wood, polyethylene, water) do not affect the passage of the electromagnetic pulse, while steel significantly reduces the passage of the pulse.
Evaluation of the chemotherapeutic effect of a drug based on levofloxacin in experimental colibacteriosis of chickens
Authors: Mazur A. D. , Skvortsov V. N. , Yurin D. V. , Kravtsova A. R.
Published: August 2024

The aim of the present study was to assess chemotherapeutic action of a levofloxacin-based drug, administered singly parenterally at doses 5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg, for treatment of experimental colibacillosis of chicks. We conducted two experiments with day-old Hisex Brown chicks (body weight ranging from 39 g to 42 g). We challenged the chicks by injecting each of them with 0.5 mL of one-day old E. coli culture in suspension intraperitoneally, having adjusted its McFarland standard to ensure cell density of 1.5 х 10^8 CFUs (1 McFarland standard). For the first experiment we made 16 groups of chicks (n=10). The drug was injected intraperitoneally singly at doses 5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg at 24h, 8h, 6h, 4h, 2h and 1h prior to the challenge and simultaneously with the challenge. In the second experiment we endeavoured to assess therapeutic effectiveness of levofloxacin and we made 20 groups of chicks (n=10). The drug was injected intraperitoneally singly at doses 5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg at 0.5h, 1h, 2h, 3h, 4h, 5h, 6h and 7h following the challenge and simultaneously with the challenge. The experiments we conducted show that the total lifespan of the chicks was 92% when the drug was administered at a dose 5 mg/kg at 2h prior to the challenge. That dose 5 mg/kg therefore can be considered a highly active dose. When we increased the dose to 10 mg/kg the prophylactic effectiveness of the drug rose significantly. At all time intervals below 4 hours the dose of the drug was highly active.When levofloxacin was administered for prophylaxis at a dose 5 mg/kg that dose was proven as highly active for all time intervals below 5 hours, and at a dose 10 mg/kg – 7 hours.
Expression of the labeled recombinant glycoprotein E2 of the classical swine fever virus in E. Coli
Authors: Galeeva A. G. , Efimova M. A. , Usoltsev K. V. , Nasyrov Sh. M. , Hammadov N. I. , Akhunova A. R. , Khairullin R. F. , Yarullina G. M.
Published: August 2024

Currently, live attenuated vaccines are used in the Russian Federation for the specific prevention of classical swine fever (CSF), but this strategy contradicts the rules for importing animal products and carries the risks of recombination with field strains. These factors exacerbate the need for further development of candidate recombinant vaccines with similar efficacy and safety. The aim of the presented work was to construct a prokaryotic expression system of the marked glycoprotein E2 of the CSF virus and to evaluate its immunochemical properties. As a result of the conducted studies, a section of the primary amino acid sequence of glycoprotein E2 of a highly pathogenic Shimen strain (subgenotype 1.1) was identified using bioinformatic analysis and a hybrid polypeptide was designed, including a non-specific (marker) part from the modified V5 epitope and a fragment of the BSA sequence. By cloning a codon-optimized fragment into the pET-28a vector, the E. coli BL21(DE3) pLysS/pET-28a/E2-V5 producing strain was constructed. During the optimization of the cultivation conditions of the producer strain, it was found that the highest yield of the target protein is achieved within 5-6 hours after the induction of expression. The immunochemical properties of chromatographically purified recombinant rE2-V5 were determined: for example, it was shown that its activity in indirect enzyme immunoassay exceeds that of native E2. The data obtained indicate the effectiveness of the developed prokaryotic expression system, which consists in proper folding, good solubility and the ability of the target protein to form specific immunocomplexes. The presence of a marker fragment in the expressed hybrid polypeptide in the future will allow using the latter as the basis of a recombinant vaccine that meets the requirements of the DIVA strategy.
Features of ctenocephalidosis among neglected dogs in the city of Tyumen
Authors: Glazunova L. A. , Tkacheva Yu. A. , Glazunov Yu. V.
Published: August 2024

Considering the high probability of the participation of stray dogs in the reservation and transmission of pathogens of infectious and invasive etiology, strict control is necessary not only over specific prevention, but also over the diagnosis of these diseases. Fleas are the most common ectoparasites in domestic animals. Flea parasitism in dogs is accompanied by anxiety, itching, and an allergic reaction. In addition, fleas are intermediate hosts of the causative agent of dipylidia. The purpose of the research was to study the spread of ctenocephalidosis among stray dogs in the city of Tyumen. The work was completed between 2016 and 2020. On the basis of the temporary detention center for stray pets of the Municipal government institution "LesParkKhoz" in Tyumen. A total of 4817 stray dogs were examined. For diagnosis, clinical, epizootological and parasitological research methods were used, the results obtained were processed using statistical methods. It was found that ctenocephalidosis occurred in 22.30% of stray dogs in the city of Tyumen. Most often, ctenocephalidosis was recorded among stray puppies under 1 year of age (36.03%) and in stray dogs aged 3 to 6 years (32.97%). Ctenocephalidosis was diagnosed throughout the year, the peak incidence was recorded in the autumn period in 46.28% of cases (of all cases of ctenocephalidosis for the specified period). Almost at the same level, flea infestation was recorded in spring and summer at 20.95% and 24.11%, respectively. Most often, stray dogs with ctenocephalidosis were admitted to the municipal shelter from the Central Administrative District (EI - 65.41% with AI 10.1 ± 0.5 individuals/animal). The causative agents of ctenocephalidosis in stray dogs in the city of Tyumen are C. felis and C. canis with a dominance index of 84.96% and 15.04%, respectively.
Helminthofauna and biopotential of E. Granulosus Batsch cysts, 1789 in yaks of the North Caucasian ecotype
Authors: Kabardiev S. Sh. , Bittirov A. M. , Aliev A. Yu. , Karpuschenko K. A. , Shapiev B. I.
Published: August 2024

The domestic yak (Bos grunniens) is a two-humped hoofed mammal from the genus of true bulls. In 1973-1974, domestic yak was imported from the Alai Valley (Kyrgyzstan) and to the North Caucasus, in particular, to Kabardino-Balkaria, KarachayCherkessia, Dagestan, Chechnya, Ingushetia and North Ossetia-Alania. In Russia, yaks are found in animal husbandry in Tuva (more than 20 thousand heads), in Buryatia and Altai, in Karachay-Cherkessia (upper reaches of the Ullu-Ezen River) - more than 1.5 thousand heads, in Kabardino-Balkaria (Bezengi tract). 30 heads of animals were examined. All studies were performed by methods of complex helminthoscopy, in accordance with GOST R 54627-2011 "Agricultural ruminant animals. Methods of laboratory diagnosis of helminthiasis" Monitoring of the helminth fauna in yaks of the North Caucasian ecotype showed the presence of 24 species: trematodes - 3, cestodes - 5, nematodes - 16 species. Upon opening the internal organs of 30 individuals, 9 heads (30.0%) turned out to be infected with worms’ helminths, which is recorded with fluctuations in occurrence rates from 8.0 to 30.0% with a variation in abundance from 2.0 ± 0.3 to 547.0 ± 19.2 copies. per individual. The extent of echinococcal invasion in yaks of the North Caucasian ecotype was 10.0 % with an average invasion intensity of 13.6 ± 1.2 specimens. on the head. In the liver and lungs of yaks, all 66.2% of echinococcal cysts in the liquid sediment contained protoscolexes, and 33.8% of the cysts were acephalocysts without protoscolexes. Literature data confirm the without protoscolexes. Literature data confirm the simultaneous detection of a cystic form of echinococcosis of the liver and lungs caused by Echinococcus granulosus Batsch, 1789 (with protoscolexes and acephalocysts without protoscolexes) in yaks of the North Caucasian ecotype, which causes the likelihood of the formation of natural foci of echinococcosis in the highaltitude zone of the Caspian Sea with the participation of stray dogs and wild predators (wolf, jackal, etc.).
The study of the embryotoxic effect of the drug "Endoseptam"
Authors: Eroshin A. I. , Tremasova A. M. , Biryulya V. V. , Ganiev I. M. , Khamidullin R. R.
Published: August 2024

Most diseases affecting cows in the early stages of lactation are of an inflammatory nature and are associated with a decrease in reproductive function. Unfavorable environmental factors cause metabolic disorders, hormonal disorders and a decrease in the body's resistance. Favorable conditions are created for the development of opportunistic microflora in the reproductive organs of cows, causing inflammatory processes that can lead to infertility, decreased milk productivity and large economic losses. All this justifies the great interest shown in the study of obstetric and gynecological pathology by veterinary specialists, who consider the development and implementation of preventive and therapeutic measures to combat infertility as an urgent and serious task. Postpartum endometritis is a common disease in dairy herds. Antibiotics in treatment regimens become ineffective because pathogens infecting the uterine cavity develop resistance to them. Complex remedies are needed that have antiseptic, myotropic, wound healing and anti-inflammatory effects. A therapeutic veterinary drug «Endoseptam» has been developed, its high effectiveness in the prevention and treatment of endometritis has been proven. Studies are being conducted to establish the safety profile of the product. This article presents the results of studying the embryotoxic effect of the newly developed drug. White rats were used in the experiment. The drug was administered to laboratory animals per os at doses of 2000 mg/ kg and 20,000 mg / kg during 19 days of pregnancy. On the 20th day of pregnancy, some of the animals were euthanized and autopsied to assess the effects of «Endoseptam» on developing embryos/fetuses. The remaining part of the animals in the experiment was monitored to record the growth and development of offspring. The data obtained confirm the absence of toxic effects on developing embryos/fetuses of a complex remedy for the prevention and treatment of endometritis. When observing the physical development of offspring, there were no violations of embryonic development manifested in the postnatal period of life. The drug «Endoseptam» does not have an embryotoxic effect.
PENILAIAN SIFAT ANTIOKSIDAN DAN STANDARISASI HERBA Centella asiatica L. Urb DARI BERBAGAI DAERAH DI JAWA BARAT
Authors: Fajarwati Kania , Budiana Wempi , Kusriani Herni , Mardiana Neng Dian , Fakih Taufik Muhammad
Published: August 2024

Herba pegagan (Centella asiatica L.Urb) merupakan tanaman yang memiliki khasiat dan salah satunya adalah sebagai antioksidan yang berperan dalam menetralkan radikal bebas dan mencegah kerusakan sel yang disebabkan oleh radikal bebas. Radikal bebas diketahui terlibat dalam timbulnya berbagai penyakit. Senyawa yang terkandung dalam herba pegagan yang berpotensi sebagai antioksidan yaitu tanin, flavonoid, dan terpenoid. Tujuan dari penelitian yaitu untuk menentukan parameter standarisasi herba pegagan dan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antioksidan dari kelima daerah herba pegagan (Centella asiatica L.Urb). Pada hasil standarisasi parameter spesifik dan non spesifik hasil yang diperoleh telah memenuhi persyaratan sesuai dengan Farmakope Herbal Indonesia. Sampel diekstraksi dengan cara maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 96%. Ekstrak kemudian dipantau dan diuji aktivitaas antioksidannya secara kualitatif menggunakan kromatorafi lapis tipis dan secara kuantitatif menggunakan spektrofotometer sinar tampak. Uji aktivitas antioksidan dengan metode DPPH (1,1-difenil-2-pikrihidrazil) diperoleh rentang nilai IC50 67,61-89,32 Î¼g/mL, dimana ekstrak yang paling aktif memiliki aktivitas antioksidan adalah ekstrak pegagan dari daerah pangandaran dengan nilai 67,61 Î¼g/mL dibandingkan terhadap pembanding asam askorbat dengan nilai 4,22 Î¼g/mL. kelima ekstrak herba pegagan berpotensi sebagai antioksidan.
FORMULASI SEDIAAN TABLET EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN SEMBUNG RAMBAT (Mikania micrantha) SEBAGAI ANTIDIARE SERTA PENGUJIAN KANDUNGAN FLAVONOID TOTAL
Authors: Aslam M.Muzhil , Estiningsih Daru , Fatmawati Annisa
Published: August 2024

Prevalensi diare di Indonesia menurut Riskesdas 2018 diperkirakan 9% pada usia kurang dari 1 tahun , 11,5% usia 1 sampai 4 tahun, 6,2% usia 5 sampai 14 tahun, dan 6,7% berusia 15 sampai 24 tahun. Flavonoid pada daun M.micrantha memiliki aktivitas antidiare dengan menghambat motilitas usus. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan sifat fisik tablet EEDSR 96% dengan beberapa variasi komposisi bahan pengisi (laktosa, amilum, kalium fosfat) dan mengetahui perbedaan nilai kadar flavonoid total yang terkandung di dalamnya. Jenis penelitian ini eksperimental menggunakan metode spektrofotometri UV Vis. Evaluasi sifat fisik tablet ekstrak etanol daun sembung rambat (EEDSR) 96% meliputi keseragaman bobot tablet, keseragaman ukuran, kekerasan, kerapuhan dan waktu hancur tablet. Uji kadar flavonoid total menggunakan metode spektrofotometri UV-Vis pada sediaan tablet dan kuersetin sebagai pembanding. Hasil: Evaluasi sifat fisik tablet EEDSR 96% dari uji granul dan sifat fisik tablet memenuhi persyaratan. Kadar flavonoid total pada tablet EEDSR 96%, formula I, II dan III adalah 1,37±0,04 mgEQ/100mg, 1,61 ± 0,03 mgEQ/100mg, dan 1,58 ± 0,02 mgEQ/100mg. Kesimpulan: Tablet dengan variasi komposisi bahan pengisi memiliki sifat fisik yang berbeda bermakna pada parameter waktu hancur dan kadar total flavonoid total. Kadar flavonoid total pada masing-masing formula tablet EEDSR 96% diperoleh nilai rata-rata yang berbeda makna.
IN SILICO STUDY: SECONDARY METABOLITES FROM JAMBOLAN (Syzygium Cumini L.) AS POTENTIAL BREAST CANCER TREATMENTS
Authors: Suherman Meilia , Junaedi Effan Cahyati , Prasetiawati Riska , Purnamasari Ade Rena
Published: August 2024

Breast cancer ranks second in world cancer incidence rates in 2020, contributing to 2,261,419 new cases, or 11.7% of all new cancer cases globally. The search for cancer drugs that work selectively continues to be encouraged to obtain safe and effective therapy, particularly those derived from medicinal plants. Jambolan is a plant that can thrive in both subtropical and tropical climates, including Indonesia. Jambolan (Syzygium cumini L.) has 89% antioxidant activity and 69% cytotoxic activity against T47D cells. Pharmacophore modelling and molecular docking were used to study the binding of 117 active jambolan drugs to alpha and beta estrogen receptors. Rutin was found to be potentially selective for ER-Beta receptors, with a fit score of 53.13. Molecular docking to ER-Beta revealed that rutin has breast cancer activity with a free bond energy value of -10.5 kcal/mol and better conformation and affinity than native ligands (genistein). It also binds to essential amino acids as an anticancer breast at ARG 346 and GLU 305. Lipinski's rule of five prediction results and in silico ADMET prediction from rutin yielded results that met the candidate drug's parameters. Rutin is a potential therapeutic option for treating breast cancer by targeting the ER-Beta receptor.
Assessment of Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Herpes Zoster Vaccination Among the General Population in Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alfandi Nibras , Alhassan Zahraa , Alfandi Noor , Alsobie Shrooq , Alkhalaf Bayan , Ahmed Fatimah Bin , Alamer Shaima
Published: August 2024

Introduction: Herpes zoster (HZ), or shingles, arises from the reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus (VZV), particularly prevalent among the elderly and immunosuppressed. Despite the global trend of increasing HZ incidence, its prevalence in Saudi Arabia is not well established. Vaccination remains a key public health strategy, yet vaccine uptake varies widely, influenced by sociodemographic, cultural, and religious factors. This study aims to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding HZ vaccination among individuals aged 50 and over in Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia, addressing a significant gap in current research.
Assessing the Efficacy of Tranexamic Acid in Minimizing Perioperative Blood Loss in Ovarian Cancer Surgery: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials and Meta-Analysis
Authors: M. Al Ibrahem Azhar , A. Qasem Basmah , A. Almadabighi Raneem , H. Almasud Dalia , H. Alomar Lujain , H. Sindi Mohammad , S. Barakat Abdulmalik , A. Bajaaj Reem , M. Alhaji Alreem , A. Alhumaid Sally , M. Alfawaz Rand , Al Kishi Nihad A.
Published: August 2024

Introduction: Ovarian cancer stands as the predominant gynecological malignancy on a global scale a global gynecological malignancy with a >60% mortality rate, often necessitates aggressive surgeries like maximal cytoreduction to enhance survival. However, these procedures pose bleeding risks requiring blood transfusions. Tranexamic acid (TXA), a longestablished clotting inhibitor, offers potential solutions. Our objective is to assess TXA's safety and efficacy in minimizing perioperative bleeding during ovarian cancer surgery through a thorough literature review .
Lifestyle Modification and Medical Treatment of Long QT Syndrome
Authors: Alharbi Mishari , Ibrahim Islam , Alzahrani Sultan , Hamdi Fahad , Dause Wesam , Alshammakh Mohammed , Aun Rakan , Howladar Mohannad , Laban Bayan , Almalki Abdulrahman
Published: August 2024

Long QT Syndrome (LQTS) is a genetic or acquired cardiac disorder characterized by a prolonged QT interval on an electrocardiogram, predisposing individuals to life-threatening arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. Management of LQTS involves both lifestyle modifications and pharmacological treatments to mitigate risks and enhance patient outcomes. Lifestyle interventions include avoiding strenuous physical activities, especially swimming, and managing emotional stress to prevent arrhythmic triggers. Dietary modifications, such as maintaining adequate levels of potassium and magnesium, are essential to stabilize the heart's electrical activity. On the pharmacological front, betablockers like propranolol and nadolol are the mainstay treatments, effectively reducing heart rate and adrenergic stimulation, thus minimizing arrhythmic events. Sparings where beta-blockers are insufficient, additional medications like mexiletine, and potassium-sparing diuretics are used to manage the condition. High-risk patients benefit from implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs), which provide immediate intervention during severe arrhythmic episodes. Combining lifestyle changes with pharmacological treatments offers a comprehensive approach to LQTS management, significantly lowering the incidence of arrhythmias and improving overall patient prognosis. Patient education and regular follow-up are crucial to ensure adherence to treatment plans and timely adjustments. Advances in genetic testing facilitate personalized medicine, allowing for tailored treatment strategies based on individual genetic profiles. This integrated approach enhances the effectiveness of LQTS management, providing a holistic solution to a complex cardiac condition.
Impact of emotional intelligence on communication skills and academic performance of medical students in Medina
Authors: Elsayed Hanan , Aljohani Rehab Hejji , Alrehely Maram Salamah , Almouteri May Mohammed , Alraddadi Samah Faisal , Alharbi Daliah Mubarak , Alhusseini Safaa Hammad
Published: August 2024

Background: Emotional intelligence (EI) is defined as the ability to monitor emotions, guide behavior and thinking, and control and/or adjust emotions to adapt to environments and achieve goals. EI has been associated with improved doctor-patient relationships and enhanced academic achievement.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice toward the Use of Antibiotics without Prescription Among Citizens of Makkah City, Saudi Arabia.
Authors: Hariri Raghad Majed , Melebari Khulood Waleed , Alqahtani Aljoharah Abdullah , Shaikh Bushra Ahmed , Kutbi Rasha Ibrahim , Beheiry Deema Hani , Shatla Mokhtar Mahfouz
Published: August 2024

Background: Misuse of antibiotics, including overuse, improper dosages, and insufficient treatment regimens, is a global health concern that exacerbates antibiotic resistance. The purpose of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices concerning the use of antibiotics without a prescription among residents of Makkah City, Saudi Arabia. Additionally, the study sought to identify the sources of antibiotics, reasons for their usage, and factors contributing to inappropriate patterns of antibiotic use within the community.
Fifty years of research on psychosocial working conditions and health: From promise to practice
Authors: Boot Cécile RL , LaMontagne Anthony D , Madsen Ida EH
Published: August 2024

OBJECTIVE: This paper presents an overview of 50 years of research on psychosocial working conditions and health with regards to conceptualization, interventions and policy. We reflect on the promise of past and current research on psychosocial working conditions and, in addition, discuss current progress in translating this research into workplace practice and improvements in people’s working lives.

METHODS: We conducted a narrative review of meta-reviews and key publications on psychosocial working conditions and health. The review covers a historical overview of theories of the past 50 years, measurement of psychosocial working conditions, health effects, intervention research, and policy development on psychosocial working conditions.

RESULTS: Psychosocial working conditions are conceptualized in different ways, with increasing complexity in the understanding developing over time. Exposures related to psychosocial working conditions are associated with a wide range of health outcomes, in particular cardiovascular disease and mental health conditions. In response to growing evidence on associations between psychosocial working conditions and health outcomes, intervention research has expanded rapidly, but for various reasons the evidence base is stronger and more extensive for individual- than organizational-level interventions. This individual/organizational imbalance is reflected in practice, and may partly explain why policy interventions have yet to show reductions in exposures to psychosocial work factors and associated adverse outcomes.

CONCLUSIONS: Pressing needs for advancing the field include improvements in capturing exposure dynamics, developing objective measures of exposure, methodologic advancements to optimize causal inference in etiologic studies, and alternatives to randomized controlled trials for intervention evaluation.
A Review on Artificial Intelligence in Pharmacy
Authors: S. Mahajan Bhushan , Sing P. Mahale Bhupendra , R. Pawar Amol , V. Patil Vikas , S. Patil Pankaj , Songire Jayesh
Published: August 2024

This abstract provides a concise overview of the applications, benefits, and challenges of artificial intelligence (AI) in the pharmaceutical industry. AI technologies are revolutionizing drug discovery, clinical trials, personalized medicine, drug manufacturing, and more. While AI offers advantages such as error minimization, assistance in complex tasks, and continuous operation, challenges including the need for extensive training data and high costs must be addressed. Despite these limitations, AI holds significant promise in transforming the pharmaceutical landscape, enhancing efficiency, and improving patient outcomes.
Concise Review on Integral Structure of Egg Shell Membrane
Authors: Gavali Shivani , Gavali Pranali , Kasved Ashwini , Kengar Seema
Published: August 2024

The article outlines various valuable applications for eggshell waste, including its use as a catalyst in biodiesel production to minimize pollutants, as an absorbent for heavy metals in wastewater, as a biomaterial for bone tissue replacement, and as a fertilizer and calcium supplement in various domains. It highlights the increasing research interest in exploring these applications for eggshell waste. This highlights the potential of the eggshell membrane (ESM) as a biomaterial for wound dressing due to its abundant availability and favourable properties. The study developed an extraction protocol for ESM and evaluated its physical, chemical, mechanical, and biological properties for wound dressing applications. Results showed that ESM retained its structure and composition after extraction, with promising characteristics such as optical transparency, porosity, fluid absorption, thermal stability, and mechanical strength. Biological studies confirmed its excellent biocompatibility with corneal cells, suggesting its potential for ophthalmic wound treatment and other biomedical applications, contributing to sustainable biomaterial development. The article discusses the formation and mineralization of calcareous eggs, primarily focusing on studies of chicken eggshells. It highlights areas of uncertainty such as the role of amorphous calcium carbonate and the molecules involved in eggshell formation. Additionally, it mentions the recent advancements in avian genomics and proteomics, which will aid in comparative studies of egg shell constituents across different bird species.
Harnessing the power of clinical data in dentistry: Importance and guidelines for dentists in AI modelling for enhanced patient care
Authors:   Department of Computing, School of Digital, Technologies and Arts, Staffordshire University, Stoke-on-Trent, ST4 2DE, UK., Sadegh-Zadeh Seyed-Ali , Bagheri Mahshid ,   Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King’s College London, London, UK.
Published: August 2024

Objectives: This paper aims to explore the significance of clinical data in the integration of AI technologies into dentistry, highlighting its role in enhancing diagnostic accuracy, treatment planning, and patient care. It also provides guidelines for dentists to effectively harness clinical data for improved dental healthcare.
Laminate Cementation, Passed up to Now: An Overview
Authors: Mahdi Abed Kahnamouei
Published: August 2024

Having well-aligned and brightly white teeth are the two most preeminent components of an appleaing smile. During the 1980s, John Calamia introduced porcelain laminate veneers at New York University in the United States. Currently, Indirect restoration has become a common method for reconstructing damaged teeth. This involves using dental cement to attach the restoration to the tooth and fill the gap, preventing any displacement. The cementation process of ceramic laminates is a critical final step that requires careful handling. Cement thickness is one factor that influences the shear bond strength of luted veneers. Many factors govern cement thickness, one of them being the cement space provided either digitally or by the die spacer thickness and the number of coats applied. Success in this process has been attributed to a clinician's skill in proper case planning, selecting the appropriate ceramics, materials, and methods for cementation, conservative tooth preparation, impeccable finishing and polishing, and effective planning for ongoing restoration maintenance.
A Solar PV-Fed Hybrid Active Power Filter Based on I-Luo Converter for Power Quality Enhancement in Distributed Generation Systems
Authors: P. Purnachander Rao
Published: August 2024

The adoption of Distributed Generation (DG) systems, such as photovoltaic (PV) panels, is increasing due to their environmental advantages and potential to lessen reliance on fossil fuels. However, Renewable Energy Sources (RES) like PV can cause Power Quality (PQ) issues, including voltage and current harmonics, which negatively impact grid stability and efficiency. To mitigate these problems, this study introduces a Hybrid Active Power Filter (HAPF). This filter, powered by a high-gain Interleaved Luo (I-Luo) Converter fed by a PV system, effectively reduces harmonic distortions, addresses reactive power issues, and stabilizes voltage in the distribution network. To further enhance the converter's performance, a Modified Squirrel Search-based PI controller is implemented. Known for its robust and efficient convergence, this optimization algorithm adjusts the PI controller settings to improve dynamic response and ensure precise harmonic compensation. Additionally, a Recurrent Neural Network (RNN)-based harmonic extraction technique is employed to accurately identify and quantify harmonic components in voltage and current waveforms, enabling precise HAPF control. Simulations conducted in MATLAB demonstrate that the integration of RNN-based harmonic extraction, HAPF, and the I-Luo Converter with Modified Squirrel Search optimization significantly enhances Power Quality in DG systems.
Experimental Investigation of Flexural Behavior of Hybrid Self-Compacting Pozzo-Lime Reinforced Concrete Beams
Authors: Hussein Mohammed Aesa
Published: August 2024

The main goal of this research is to investigate the effect of using hybrid self-compacting Pozzo-lime concrete on the bending behaviour of reinforced concrete beams. To achieve this objective, a set of eight laboratory samples comprised of reinforced concrete beams measuring 1400 mm in length and 150 x 250 mm in dimensions were subjected to two-point bending testing. These beams were constructed using hybrid self-compacting Pozzo-lime concrete at varying depths. The samples' ultimate strength, ductility, cracking pattern, and mode of failure, as well as the load-displacement diagram, are subsequently assessed. The laboratory sample of the P75C25 beam exhibited the greatest final strength, hardness, and ductility, according to the findings of this study.
Therapeutic Functions of Artemisia Judaica in Rats Injected with Carbon Tetrachloride (Ccl4)
Authors: Magbolah Salem Helal Alzahrani
Published: August 2024

There are many types of liver disease, which can be caused by infections, inherited conditions, obesity and misuse of alcohol. Over time, liver disease may lead to scarring and more serious complications , so we worked on this investigation to magnify the therapeutic applications of Artemisia judaica in carbon tetrachloride-injected rats (Ccl4). The experiment was carried out in a caged animal. All rats were fed a basal diet for one week before the study, and they were divided into five groups, each with six rats. As control negative normal rats (C–ve), the first group sample was fed only the basal diet for 28 days. The remaining rats (n=24) were injected with carbon tetrachloride (Ccl4). Four groups were fed varying concentrations of (5%, 10%, 15% Artemisia judaica, whereas one group was diagnosed with the illness and disease, and didn't even feed the experimental diet. The results showed that highest value of feed efficiency ratio (FER) was found in 15% Artemisia judaica. It is noticed that a significant decreases in BWG% for the control group compared to all groups. Also, The strongest effect in serum AST levels was recorded for group 5 which fed on 15% Artemisia Judaica, while the rats fed on different levels of Artemisia judaica were lower than the positive control group and higher than the negative control groups. The study recommended feeding Artemisia judaica  in different concentrations, especially 15%.
Assessing the Effect of Stagnant Business Cycles on Risk and Uncertainty in the Stock Markets of Less Developed Countries
Authors: Saba Salimi
Published: August 2024

The economic movement of countries is not uniform and stable over time and always fluctuates around the long-term growth trend and creates a business cycle meanwhile, the capital market as a backward variable is affected by economic fluctuations therefore, in this research, the issue is looked at from the perspective that¸ can the business cycle of recession be considered as a leading variable in the occurrence and formation of risk and uncertainty in the stock market of countries? To answer this question, first a meta-analysis method and based on the research background, a model of stock market uncertainty was specified In which the growth rate variance of S&P index, which was calculated by GARCH technique, was used as a variable of risk and uncertainty in the stock market of countries, and the HP method was used to calculate business cycles. Balanced data panel technique was used to estimate the model. Which include the fundamental variables of monetary policy (supply of bank credit), fiscal policy (average tax rate), nominal interest rate, capital market size, technical progress variable and stagnant business cycle. The statistical sample of the study includes 14 less developed countries. Less developed countries are defined in terms of their per capita income and in terms of the division of countries in the UN statistical report. The statistics of time series are annual and are related to the time period of 2001-2018. The research findings that were calculated jointly confirmed the effect of the variables in the model ¸it also showed that stagnant cycles as expected have a positive effect on the reduction of risk in the stock market. Classification: JEL E32, G100.
AN INSPECTION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE INSURANCE AND BANKING SECTORS IN TÜRKİYE: A TIME-VARYING ASYMMETRIC CAUSAL RELATIONSHIP
Authors: MEMİŞ KARATAŞ Ayyüce MEMİŞ KARATAŞ
Published: August 2024

Using yearly data from the Turkish insurance and banking sectors, the current research investigates the relationship between the insurance and banking sectors for the years 1983 to 2020. In contrast to earlier studies in the literature, the time-varying asymmetric causality test was implemented to see how the variables were linked within the different sub-periods. According to the asymmetric Hatemi-j (2012) causality test, it has been discovered that there exists a bidirectional causality between both positive and negative shocks of the total insurance density (TID), broad money supply (BRM) and private sector credit (PSC) variables. Time-Varying test results have shown that there is an asymmetric causality relationship between the data for only a short period and this causality relationship is not permanent.
First record of Bursatella leachii de Blainville 1817 (Mollusca; Gastropoda; Aplysiidae) in Black Sea
Authors: Di Martino Vincenzo , Stancanelli Bessy
Published: August 2024

This study reports the presence of the ragged sea hare Bursatella leachii de Blainville 1817 in the Black Sea. A total of 484 specimens of this species were observed during scuba diving and snorkeling at depths ranging from 1.0 to 4.0 meters in September 2023. The samples were observed on the sandy-muddy bottom of Kumbaba Beach and the sandy bottom of Uzunkum Beach in Şile district (Istanbul province). The density of individuals per square meter of the seabed was calculated and the highest number of individuals was detected on the Kumbaba Beach near the mouth of the Türknil River. Considering the location of discovery, it is logical to assume that the introduction of this species into the Black Sea may have occurred naturally. This hypothesis can be supported for two main reasons; a) Şile beaches are a few kilometers away from the Bosphorus Channel, b) the report of B. leachii closest to Şile district dates back to January 2020, when the species was observed on the seabed on the southern coast of the Dardanelles. Long-term monitoring and more in-depth studies should be conducted in the region to give certainty to these hypotheses.
The Impact of Emigration on Hungarian Citizenship Law, 1945–64
Authors: Bencsik Péter
Published: August 2024

State socialist regimes generally prohibited emigration altogether. Nevertheless, many people managed to leave the territory of Hungary, either legally or illegally, during and after the consolidation of the Communist regime. Those who left were branded as enemies and untrustworthy by the regime, which, however, periodically tried to lure some of them back, by proclaiming amnesty, or at least draw them into its political influence. This duality resulted in the question of the Hungarian citizenship of the emigrants remaining unsettled; later contradictory regulations were made, distinguishing between emigrants to “friendly” and Western countries, as well as between politically trustworthy and hostile emigrants, sometimes based on the date when they left Hungary. This study discusses the topic from the end of World War II to the consolidation of the János Kádár regime. The author explores the stormy relationship between emigration and citizenship law in these two decades based mainly on primary sources.
Qatar’s assisted home hemodialysis program: A beacon of hope for the vulnerable patient
Authors: Hamad Abdullah , Abdelhai Mohamed Yahya , Elsherbiny Mostafa , Abdelwahed Ahamad , Tolba Hoda , Chembolu Sandhya , Yasin Fadumo , Ibrahim Rania , Joseph Shajahan , Almuhanadi Teha , Alkadi Mohamad , Al Malki Hassan
Published: August 2024

In a bold departure from conventional healthcare paradigms, Qatar’s Assisted Home Hemodialysis (AHHD) national program stands as a testament to Hamad Medical Corporation’s unwavering commitment to excellence. This innovative care model is tailored to address the distinct challenges of hemodialysis patients, particularly the elderly, who require ambulance transport. It provides them with the convenience of at-home dialysis with the full support of dedicated nursing care. AHHD included 76 patients from July 2021 to December 2022. It has significantly improved patients’ quality of life, achieving an exceptional 99% satisfaction rate with an extremely low complication rate. It has also delivered tangible improvements in health outcomes, marked by a reduction in hospitalizations, decreased transmission of COVID-19, cost-effectiveness, alleviating strain on ambulance services, and reducing demand for dialysis slots and manpower. In conclusion, the clinical and financial success of the AHHD program positions it as a superior alternative to traditional in-center dialysis, particularly in its capacity to cater to the needs of the most complex and challenging patient populations.
Significant association between asthma and a lower risk of mortality among COVID-19 patients in Spain: A meta-analysis
Authors: Shi Liqin , Han Xueya , Wang Yadong , Xu Jie , Yang Haiyan
Published: August 2024

Background: Various prevalences of asthma in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have been reported in different regions, and the association between asthma and COVID-19 subsequent mortality has been in debate. Thus, this study aimed to investigate whether there was a significant association between asthma and COVID-19 mortality in Spain through a meta-analysis.

Methods: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were strictly complied with conducting this study. The pooled odds ratio (OR) with a corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated by a random-effects model. The I
2 statistics for heterogeneity, sensitivity analysis for robustness, Begg’s test, and Egger’s test for publication bias, along with subgroup analyses for confounding bias, were also performed to support the foundation of this study.

Results: The meta-analysis revealed that asthma was significantly associated with a lower risk of mortality among COVID-19 patients in Spain with a random-effects model (pooled OR = 0.78, 95% CI = 0.69–0.88, I
2 = 35%). Further subgroup analyses by male proportion and sample size also indicated that a statistically significant negative correlation did exist between asthma and COVID-19 mortality. Robustness and no publication on-bias were evidenced by sensitivity analysis, Egger’s test, and Begg’s test, respectively.

Conclusion: In conclusion, patients with asthma were found to have a lower risk of mortality from COVID-19 in Spain, especially among elderly patients. In addition, asthmatic patients infected with COVID-19 may be at risk of death compared to non-asthmatic patients, which is not a cause for undue concern, thereby reducing the burden of medication.
Employee Engagement with reference to Agility in work place and Organizational Performance in IT Industries, Bangalore
Authors: R. Raghavendra  , Dr. M. Kamaraj
Published: August 2024

Employee Engagement is the real matching of one’s ability to meet the job needs of an employee with the capabilities of the employee and the employee performance is the outcome of personal competencies, Job fit, and organizational environment. Consistency in performance is assured through the continuous monitoring, facilitating and evaluation. In IT industry, the employees are working in virtual platform that the environment comprises of the place from where the employee works (may be work from home) or any place without distraction. This study analyses the employee level control of performance to meet organizational objectives. The results shoes that, the clarity of interpersonal communication, training, online learning circles, etc, influence employee engagement and performance. The survey is conducted in the POST COVID 19 period in Bengaluru, Karnataka State India, a city known as the hub of IT industries, to learn the challenges faced the employees to meet the challenge of Dynamism in Information Technology improvement. The sample space is 189 and the respondents from IT industries. Analytical Hierarchy process is used to analyse the Data. The results shows that there is a positive effect of co working space employee performance.