bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Microsolvation of Histidine—A Theoretical Study of Intermolecular Interactions Based on AIM and SAPT Approaches
Authors: Kizior Beata , Panek Jarosław J. , Jezierska Aneta
Published: July 2020

Histidine is unique among amino acids because of its rich tautomeric properties. It participates in essential enzymatic centers, such as catalytic triads. The main aim of the study is the modeling of the change of molecular properties between the gas phase and solution using microsolvation models. We investigate histidine in its three protonation states, microsolvated with 1:6 water molecules. These clusters are studied computationally, in the gas phase and with water as a solvent (Polarizable Continuum Model, PCM) within the Density Functional Theory (DFT) framework. The structural analysis reveals the presence of intra- and intermolecular hydrogen bonds. The Atoms-in-Molecules (AIM) theory is employed to determine the impact of solvation on the charge flow within the histidine, with emphasis on the similarity of the two imidazole nitrogen atoms—topologically not equivalent, they are revealed as electronically similar due to the heterocyclic ring aromaticity. Finally, the Symmetry-Adapted Perturbation Theory (SAPT) is used to examine the stability of the microsolvation clusters. While electrostatic and exchange terms dominate in magnitude over polarization and dispersion, the sum of electrostatic and exchange term is close to zero. This makes polarization the factor governing the actual interaction energy. The most important finding of this study is that even with microsolvation, the polarization induced by the presence of implicit solvent is still significant. Therefore, we recommend combined approaches, mixing explicit water molecules with implicit models.
Novel Numerical Approach Based on Modified Extended Cubic B-Spline Functions for Solving Non-Linear Time-Fractional Telegraph Equation
Authors: Akram Tayyaba , Abbas Muhammad , Iqbal Azhar , Baleanu Dumitru , Asad Jihad H.
Published: July 2020

The telegraph model describes that the current and voltage waves can be reflected on a wire, that symmetrical wave patterns can form along a line. A numerical study of these voltage and current waves on a transferral line has been proposed via a modified extended cubic B-spline (MECBS) method. The B-spline functions have the flexibility and high order accuracy to approximate the solutions. These functions also preserve the symmetrical property. The MECBS and Crank Nicolson technique are employed to find out the solution of the non-linear time fractional telegraph equation. The time direction is discretized in the Caputo sense while the space dimension is discretized by the modified extended cubic B-spline. The non-linearity in the equation is linearized by Taylor’s series. The proposed algorithm is unconditionally stable and convergent. The numerical examples are displayed to verify the authenticity and implementation of the method.
Detection of Chaetomium globosum, Ch. cochliodes and Ch. rectangulare during the Diversity Tracking of Mycotoxin-Producing Chaetomium-like Isolates Obtained in Buildings in Finland
Authors: Salo Johanna M. , Kedves Orsolya , Mikkola Raimo , Kredics László , Andersson Maria A. , Kurnitski Jarek , Salonen Heidi
Published: July 2020

The diversity of Chaetomium-like isolates in buildings in Finland is poorly documented. This paper describes a set of methods for rapid diversity tracking of 42 indoor Chaetomium-like isolates. These isolates were categorized based on their fluorescence emission, ascomatal hair morphology, responses in three bioassays and resistance/sensitivity to the wetting agent Genapol X-080. Thirty-nine toxigenic isolates were identified [Ch. globosum (n = 35), Ch. cochliodes (n = 2) and Ch. rectangulare (n = 2)]. These isolates were identified down to the species level by tef1α gene sequencing. The major toxic substances in the ethanol extracts of the Ch. globosum and Ch. cochliodes strains were chaetoglobosin, chaetoviridin A and C, chaetomugilin D and chaetomin, identified based on HPLC-UV and mass spectrometry data (MS and MS/MS). Ethanol extracts from pure Ch. globosum cultures exhibited a toxicological profile in the boar sperm motility inhibition assay (BSMI), sperm membrane integrity damage assay (SMID) and inhibition of cell proliferation (ICP) assay, similar to that exhibited by pure chaetoglobosin A. Overall, differences in fluorescence, morphology, toxicity profile, mycotoxin production and sensitivity to chemicals were consistent with those in tef1α sequencing results for species identification. The results indicate the presence of Ch. cochliodes and Ch. rectangulare in Finnish buildings, representing a new finding.
Introduction to the Toxins Special Issue on Toxicological Effects of Mycotoxin on Target Cells
Authors: Juan-García Ana
Published: July 2020

Mycotoxins are toxic secondary metabolites produced by filamentous fungi from Fusarium, Alternaria and Penicillium spp [...]
Comprehensive Evaluation of the Safety and Efficacy of BAFASAL® Bacteriophage Preparation for the Reduction of Salmonella in the Food Chain
Authors: Wójcik Ewelina A. , Stańczyk Małgorzata , Wojtasik Arkadiusz , Kowalska Justyna D. , Nowakowska Magdalena , Łukasiak Magdalena , Bartnicka Milena , Kazimierczak Joanna , Dastych Jarosław
Published: July 2020

Bacteriophages are bacterial predators, which are garnering much interest nowadays vis-à-vis the global phenomenon of antimicrobial resistance. Bacteriophage preparations seem to be an alternative to antibiotics, which can be used at all levels of the food production chain. Their safety and efficacy, however, are of public concern. In this study, a detailed evaluation of BAFASAL® preparation was performed. BAFASAL® is a bacteriophage cocktail that reduces Salmonella in poultry farming. In vivo acute and sub-chronic toxicity studies on rats and tolerance study on targeted animals (chicken broiler) conducted according to GLP and OECD guidelines did not reveal any signs of toxicity, which could be associated with BAFASAL® administration. In addition, no evidences of genotoxicity were observed. The tolerance study with 100-times concentrated dose also did not show any statistically significant differences in the assessed parameters. The in vitro crop assay, mimicking normal feed storage and feed application conditions showed that BAFASAL® reduced the number of Salmonella bacteria in experimentally contaminated feed. Moreover, reductions were observed for all examined forms (liquid, powder, spray). Furthermore, the in vivo efficacy study showed that treatment with BAFASAL® significantly decreased Salmonella content in caeca of birds infected with Salmonella Enteritidis. Detailed examination of BAFASAL® in terms of safety and efficacy, adds to the body of evidence that bacteriophages are harmless to animals and effective in the struggle against bacteria.
Impacts of Tide Gate Modulation on Ammonia Transport in a Semi-closed Estuary during the Dry Season—A Case Study at the Lianjiang River in South China
Authors: Zhao Changjin , Yang Hanjie , Fan Zhongya , Zhu Lei , Wang Wencai , Zeng Fantang
Published: July 2020

Recovery of tide-receiving is considered to improve the water quality in the Lianjiang River, a severely polluted and tide-influenced river connected to the South China Sea. A tide-receiving scenario, i.e., keeping the tide gate open, is compared with the other scenario representing the non-tide-receiving condition, i.e., blocking the tide flow during the flood phase, by numerical simulations based on the EFDC (Environmental Fluid Dynamics Code) model. The impacts of tide receiving were evaluated by the variation in the concentration of ammonia and its exporting fluxes, mainly in the downstream part of the river. With more water mass coming into the river, in the tide-receiving scenario, the averaged concentration of ammonia reduced by 20–40%, with the most significant decrease of 0.64 g m−3. However, the exporting flux of ammonia has decreased in the tide-receiving scenario, as the consequence of the back–forth oscillation of tidal current. In the tide-receiving scenario, the time series of ammonia concentration approximately followed the tidal oscillation, with increased concentration during the ebb tide and reduction in the flood tide. In the non-tide-receiving scenario, the ammonia concentration decreases when the tide gate is open which results in further intrusion of seawater. This was followed by an increase in ammonia concentration again after the currents shift seaward and water mass with higher concentration from the upstream part is transported downstream. Given the identical ammonia input and river runoff, the ammonia concentration stays lower in the tide-receiving scenario, except for short periods after the tide gate opening and neap tides in the downstream part which lasts for around half a day. This study highlights the importance of hydrodynamic condition, specifically tidal oscillation, in the semi-diurnal and fortnight cycles, for the transportation of waterborne materials. Furthermore, the operation of the tide gate was additionally discussed based on potential varied practical conditions and evaluation criteria.
Flood Mapping Uncertainty from a Restoration Perspective: A Practical Case Study
Authors: Rampinelli Cássio G. , Knack Ian , Smith Tyler
Published: July 2020

Many hydrologic studies that are the basis for water resources planning and management rely on streamflow information. Calibration and use of hydrologic models to extend flow series based on rainfall data, perform flood frequency analysis, or develop flood maps for land use planning and design of engineering works, such as channels, dams, bridges, and water intake, are examples of such studies. In most real-world engineering applications, errors in flow data are neglected or not adequately addressed. However, because flows are estimated based on the water level measurements by fitted rating curves, they can be subjected to significant uncertainties. How large these uncertainties are and how they can impact the results of such studies is a topic of interest for researchers, practitioners, and decision-makers of water resources. The quantitative assessment of these uncertainties is important to obtain a more realistic description of many water resources related studies. River restoration in many areas is limited by data availability and funding. A means to assess the uncertainty of flow data to be used in the design and analysis of river restoration projects that is cost effective and has minimal data requirements would greatly improve the reliability of river restoration design. This paper proposes an assessment of how uncertainties related to rating curves and frequency analysis may affect the results of flood mapping in a real-world application to a small watershed with limited data. A Bayesian approach was performed to obtain the posterior distributions for the model parameters and the HEC-RAS (Hydrologic Engineering Center-River Analysis System) hydraulic model was used to propagate the uncertainties in the water surface elevation profiles. The analysis was conducted using freely available data and open source software, greatly reducing traditional analysis costs. The results demonstrate that for the study case the uncertainty related to the frequency analysis study impacted the water profiles more significantly than the uncertainty associated with the rating curve.
Extraction Method of Baseflow Recession Segments Based on Second-Order Derivative of Streamflow and Comparison with Four Conventional Methods
Authors: Yang Weifei , Xiao Changlai , Liang Xiujuan
Published: July 2020

Baseflow recession analysis is widely used in hydrological research, water resource planning and management, and watershed hydrogeological research. The first step of baseflow recession analysis is to extract the baseflow recession segments from the hydrograph. Different extraction results lead to different analysis results. At present, the four major recession segment extraction methods applied by hydrologists are mostly based on experience, and there is no clear theoretical basis. Therefore, this study derives a second-order derivation (Sec-D) recession segment extraction method based on the power law relationship between storage and discharge. Moreover, by applying the Sec-D method and the four conventional extraction methods to four hydrological stations in the Tao’er River basin in northeastern China, the differences in the recession segment extraction, determination of basin-wide hydrogeological parameters, and groundwater balance estimation are compared. The results demonstrate that, contrary to the four conventional methods, the Sec-D method can effectively eliminate the early recession stage affected by the surface runoff or rainfall and some streamflow data with more than 1% non-sequential error. The hydraulic conductivity of the four basins estimated by the Sec-D method is between 2.3 × 10−5–4.9 × 10−5 m/s, and the aquifer thickness is between 131.2 and 202.5 m. However, the four conventional extraction methods may underestimate (by about 2.5 times) the basin-wide hydraulic conductivity and overestimate (by about 3 times) the aquifer thickness. The groundwater balance elements calculated by the Sec-D method and the four conventional methods present similar intra-annual fluctuation characteristics; the correlation coefficients of daily evapotranspiration calculated by the five methods ranged from 0.7 to 0.95, and those of daily effective groundwater recharge ranged from 0.95 to 0.99. The use of the Sec-D method in baseflow recession analyses is significant for future studies and can be combined with conventional methods.
Benefit Evaluation of Water and Soil Conservation Measures in Shendong Based on Particle Swarm Optimization and the Analytic Hierarchy Process
Authors: Guo Yangnan , Chen Guoqing , Mo Rigan , Wang Meng , Bao Yuying
Published: July 2020

Soil erosion is the main threat to the stability of ecological environment and the harmonious development of society in Shendong Mining Area. The main causes of this threat include the strong interference of natural characteristics and land development. Scientific soil and water conservation measures can coordinate the contradictions among coal economic development, ecological protection, and residents’ prosperity. Based on particle swarm optimization and analytic hierarchy process, the benefit evaluation system of soil and water conservation measures in Shendong Mining Area is established. The weight ratio of three kinds of benefits in Shendong coal mine collapse area is: ecological benefit > social benefit > economic benefit. The conclusion shows that the implementation of the national policy and the effect of mining area management meet the expectation. Therefore, this study provides effective reference and reasonable suggestions for soil and water conservation in Shendong Mining Area. In terms of control measures, bioengineering measures, such as increased coverage of forest and grass as well as reasonable transformation of the landscape pattern of micro landform, can improve the degree of soil erosion control, optimize the land use structure, and improve the land use rate.
The The evolution of neuroscience in Brazil – Comparative study with the other Latin America countries and BRICS - Update
Authors: Xavier-Rocha Tulio , Oliveira Luciana , Cruz Vitória , Botelho Maria Andressa , Santiago César , Borges Priscila , Carneiro Lara , Monteiro Junior Renato
Published: July 2020

Background. Neuroscience is a fast-growing area, but there are scarce studies that evaluate this growth from a critical point of view, evaluating and comparing with other countries the number of studies published and relating it to the production of knowledge, inferred by the number of citations. Objective. To compare the academic production in neurosciences in Brazil with other countries of Latin America and BRICS. Method. A survey was conducted in the SCImago Journal and in the Country Rank on the scientific production of the 20 countries belonging to Latin America and BRICS from 1996 to 2018. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and variance analysis. Results. Brazil presented both the highest average production in neuroscience among Latin American countries (p>0,01) and has received the highest number of citations in published articles. Compared with BRICS, Brazil ranked second in both production and citations, preceded by China. However, no significant differences were found between the number of citations obtained in Brazilian, Russian and Indian studies. Conclusion. Brazil is the largest producer of knowledge in neuroscience in Latin America and the second among BRICS countries, which shows its potentialities in the scope.
MINERAL WOOL COMPOSITE WITH THE USE OF SAPONITE-CONTAINING MINING INDUSTRY WASTE
Authors: Drozdyuk T. , Ayzenshtadt Arkadiy , Frolova M. , Rama Shanker Verma Rama Shanker
Published: July 2020

the paper shows the possibility of producing a thermal insulating composite based on basalt fibers and sapo-nite-containing mining waste. A method for manufacturing thermal insulating composites from hydro-mass with different contents of the mixture components is proposed. Basalt fibers were used as a filler, and pre-mechanoactivated saponite-containing material (SCM) was used as a binder. It was found experimentally that depending on the composition of composites, the coefficient of thermal conductivity varies from 0.1109 to 0.1342 W/(m•K), and the compressive strength – from 0.45 to 0.93 MPa. In addition, it was found that thermal modification of composites at temperatures up to 1200°C significantly (up to 3 times) increases the compressive strength of composites, while not affecting the coefficient of thermal conductivity. The ex-periments to determine the conductivity of the composite “basalt fiber – SСM” depending on its moisture content showed that the obtained composite is characterized by intense and linear increase in the values of conductivity when the humidity of the sample to 12% and further increase in humidity practically does not change the values of the coefficient of thermal conductivity. Comparison of the studied thermal insulation composite with known structural thermal insulation materials in terms of its thermal insulation and strength characteristics showed that it is comparable to gas and foam blocks. It should also be noted that this material is environmentally safe and can withstand high temperatures without collapsing.
PROGRAM OF EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES OF THE LOAD-BEARING CAPACITY OF GIRDERLESS PLATES FOR PUSHING UNDER DYNAMIC LOADING. DESIGN OF PROTOTYPES
Authors: Krylov V. , Sarkisov D. , Ergeshov E. , Evstaf'eva E.
Published: July 2020

this article presents a program for experimental research of the behavior of reinforced concrete slabs when forced through in static and short-term dynamic loading modes. At hazardous production facilities, there is always an increased probability of emergency situations of disaster nature that lead to explosions and are characterized by a sharp increase in the front, a short duration and a wave character. Taking into account the placement of complex technological processes in buildings, it is now necessary to implement “flexible” space-planning solutions, for example, the use of girderless floors. The need to perform these studies is also due to the lack of methods and regulatory documents that regulate the calculation of the penetration of unbalanced monolithic slabs under dynamic loading. The purpose and objectives of this program are: to assess the influence of the thickness of the slab part of samples and the concrete class on the strength and crack resistance of elements, to obtain new experimental data describing the processes occurring in concrete and reinforcement, to identify patterns of destruction of samples. The test was carried out on a test stand based on a copra rig. The choice of sizes of prototypes is determined by the technical characteristics of this installation, the tasks of the experiment, the possibilities of manufacturing and testing models, and obtaining sufficiently reliable values of the parameters under study during testing. Twelve samples were tested for short-term dynamic loading and four samples for static loading. The following parameters vary: the concrete class (B15 and B20) and the thickness of the slab part of the sample (100 mm and 120 mm). The paper describes the dimensions, reinforcement, concrete classes of the studied samples, the sequence of work in the manufacture of samples, taking into account the installation of load cells. The result of this work is the development of a test method for prototypes.
DETERMINACIÓN DE LA DOSIS LETAL (DL50) CON Co60 EN VITROPLÁNTULAS DE Agave tequilana var. Azul
Authors: Ángeles-Espino Alejandro , Valencia-Botín Alberto J. , Virgen-Calleros Gil , Ramírez-Serrano Carlos , Paredes-Gutiérrez Lydia , Hurtado-De la Peña Salvador
Published: July 2020

El cultivo del agave (Agave tequilana Weber var. ‘Azul’) utilizado para producir el tequila tiene importancia económica, cultural y social en México, por la generación de empleos en el campo y la industria, así como el ingreso de divisas resultado de la exportación de esta bebida. La diversidad genética de esta especie es muy baja por lo que una opción de inducir variabilidad genética es vía mutagénesis. El objetivo de la investigación fue determinar la dosis letal media (DL50) mediante la irradiación con rayos gamma Co60 en callos y plántulas de agave obtenidas in vitro, como medio para generar variabilidad genética. Las plántulas se obtuvieron a partir de yemas axilares promovidas mediante la aplicación de reguladores de crecimiento en el medio Murashige y Skoog (MS). Se irradiaron callos seis semanas posteriores a la inducción y plántulas a las 12 semanas después de la emergencia. En ambos casos las dosis de radiación fueron: 0 (testigo), 10, 20, 30, 40 y 50 Gy. Hubo diferencias significativas tanto en el desarrollo de las plántulas como del callo; ambas estructuras mostraron una disminución significativa en su crecimiento cuando la dosis de radiación fue igual o mayor a los 20 Gy en callos y 30 Gy en plántulas. Los modelos de regresión lineal y cuadrático entre dosis y variables mostraron ajustes superiores de R2= 0.62 para el primero y de R2 = 0.74 para el segundo. La DL50 se ubicó entre 20 y 25 Gy para número de brotes y tamaño de plántula y 16 Gy para el área del callo de acuerdo a la regresión cuadrática.
DEHYDRINS PATTERNS IN COMMON BEAN EXPOSED TO DROUGHT AND WATERED CONDITIONS
Authors: Castañeda-Saucedo M. Claudia , Córdova-Téllez Leobigildo , Tapia-Campos Ernesto , Delgado-Alvarado Adriana , González-Hernández Víctor A. , Santacruz-Varela Amalio , Loza-Tavera Herminia , García-de-los-Santos Gabino , Vargas-Suárez Martín
Published: July 2020

Drought is a major constraint for common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) production in México. Dehydrins are constitutive or stress-induced proteins related with a protective role of membranes and macromolecules against denaturation, thus preventing loss of their function. In this work, seed production and patterns of dehydrins accumulation in leaves and pods were evaluated in common bean cv. ‘Otomí’ subjected to drought, as compared with well-irrigated plants. Drought applied at pod formation and seed filling (SF) reduced yield up to 57 %. An antibody against a consensus sequence present in most dehydrins allowed for dehydrin identification. Two dehydrins of 82 and 73 kDA turned up both in leaves and pods throughout all the evaluated conditions. Presumably, both dehydrins are constitutive in the ‘Otomí’ cultivar. These dehydrins showed higher expression than controls in leaves after 6 d of drought at seedling and SF stages, and in pods 6 d after drought had started at SF. Increased expression might provide better protection during early stages of seedling and seed development. Increments on 63, 36 and 22 kDa dehydrin expression in pods at late SF might coincide with plant developmental programs, which prepare seed for desiccation. Dehydrins of 158, 54, 46, and 41 kDa were detected in pods 10 d after floral opening as a transient response to drought stress in SF. These results indicate dehydrins are relevant during plant development, as well as during drought stress.
EFECTO DEL GLUCORAFANO AISLADO DE FLORETES DE BRÓCOLI SOBRE LA GERMINACIÓN DE ESPORAS DE Colletotrichum gloeosporioides
Authors: Lara-Viveros Francisco M. , Nieto-Angel Daniel , Nava-Díaz Cristian , Gutiérrez-Alonso Gabriel , Ayala-Garay Óscar J. , Aguilar-Pérez L. Alfonso , Martínez-Damián Teresa
Published: July 2020

La antracnosis provocada por Colletotrichum gloeosporioides es la enfermedad poscosecha más importante en las áreas productoras de mango (Mangifera indica L.) en todo el mundo, y la estrategia más empleada para controlarla es el tratamiento en precosecha y poscosecha con fungicidas sintéticos. Sin embargo, su uso está cada vez más restringido debido a que en los frutos se acumulan residuos potencialmente peligrosos para los consumidores. Los glucosinolatos son productos naturales que contienen nitrógeno y azufre, y se encuentran principalmente en plantas del orden de los Caparales y su actividad antimicrobiana se ha comprobado in vivo e in vitro. En este trabajo se colectaron frutos de mango con síntomas de antracnosis, y a partir de éstos se aisló e identificó el hongo Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. Las esporas del patógeno fueron colocadas en medio de cultivo PDA, adicionado con diferentes concentraciones de glucorafano (1.54, 0.92, 0.46, 0.15, 0.02 y 0 μg μL-1), este último aislado de floretes de brócoli (Brassica oleracea cv. ‘Itálica’). Se evaluó la germinación de las esporas hasta que el testigo alcanzó el máximo porcentaje de germinación. Las concentraciones de 1.54 y 0.92 μg μL-1 inhibieron en su totalidad la germinación de esporas después de 10 h de exposición. La concentración letal media (CL50) fue de 0.65 μg μL-1. Con base en los resultados se plantea que el glucorafano representa una alternativa más sana para el consumidor, por ser capaz de controlar la antracnosis.
EVALUACIÓN DE MARCADORES GENÉTICOS PARA DISCRIMINACIÓN ENTRE HEMBRAS Y HERMAFRODITAS DE PAPAYA (Carica papaya L.) VARIEDAD ‘MARADOL
Authors: Aspeitia-Echegaray Violeta , Torres-Tapia Ma. Alejandra , Mendoza-Rodríguez Dulce V. , Reyes-Valdés M. Humberto
Published: July 2020

La papaya (Carica papaya L.) presenta tres tipos sexuales: macho, hembra y hermafrodita, de los cuales solo el último posee valor comercial y calidad de exportación. Con base en su morfología, dichos tipos únicamente pueden ser identificados a partir de la floración. La segregación del sexo en esta especie se explica con un modelo de un locus multialélico, aunque tiene una base molecular más compleja ya que puede intervenir más de un gen. En la papaya ‘Maradol’ se presentan casi exclusivamente los tipos femenino y hermafrodita, por lo cual en esta variedad se busca solamente la distinción entre ambas formas sexuales. En este trabajo se probaron tres juegos de iniciadores para marcadores SCAR, previamente desarrollados para determinación del sexo en variedades hawaianas. Los tres marcadores se identifican como T1, T12 y W11. A partir de tejido de 17 plantas identificadas como hembras y 23 hermafroditas de papaya ‘Maradol’, se encontró que los marcadores T12 y W11 fueron específicos en 100 % para plantas hermafroditas, mientras que no se observó amplificación para las plantas hembra. el SCAR T1 amplificó ADN solamente en algunas plantas hermafroditas. Se concluye que los SCAR T12 y W11 pueden ser utilizados como parte de una técnica para identificación temprana del sexo de las plantas de papaya ‘Maradol’ con fines de plantación comercial, previa validación con otras poblaciones de la misma variedad.
EFECTIVIDAD BIOLÓGICA in vitro DE ACTINOMICETOS SOBRE EL AGENTE CAUSAL DEL TIZÓN DE HALO EN FRIJOL
Authors: Rincón-Enríquez Gabriel , López-Pérez Luis , Quiñones-Aguilar Evangelina E.
Published: July 2020

El desarrollo de inoculantes elaborados con base en microorganismos del suelo para su empleo como agentes de control biológico de fitopatógenos, es una estrategia que podría contribuir a disminuir el uso de agroquímicos, en particular en el control de enfermedades causadas por bacterias fitopatógenas como Pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola (Psph). En este estudio se evaluó in vitro la efectividad inhibitoria de 80 cepas de actinomicetos aisladas de suelos agrícolas sobre el agente causal del tizón de halo en frijol (Psph) y seleccionar las de mayor actividad antibacteriana (AAB). Para estimar el potencial de los aislados como agentes de control biológico de Psph, se evaluó su AAB in vitro por medio de ensayos de confrontación directa contra la cepa 1448A de Psph sobre medio de cultivo PDA (pH 7). El experimento se estableció en un diseño completamente al azar, con un total de 81 tratamientos (80 actinomicetos confrontados con Psph y un testigo comprendiendo únicamente a la bacteria fitopatógena), con tres repeticiones. La variable de respuesta evaluada fue el área de inhibición del crecimiento de Pseudomonas syringae (AIPS) determinada mediante una escala ordinal de inhibición. El análisis estadístico mediante Kruskal-Wallis presentó diferencias significativas entre cepas de actinomicetos en cuanto a su actividad antibacteriana, donde cinco cepas inhibieron por completo el crecimiento bacteriano. Estos resultados muestran el potencial de unas cepas de actinomicetos como agentes de control biológico del tizón de halo del frijol provocado por la bacteria fitopatógena Psph.
MODELOS DE SIMULACIÓN DEL CRECIMIENTO DE LECHUGA EN RESPUESTA A LA FERTILIZACIÓN ORGÁNICA Y MINERAL
Authors: Jiménez-Morales Victorino D. , Trejo-Téllez Libia I. , Gómez-Merino Fernando C. , Volke-Haller Víctor H.
Published: July 2020

Se evaluó el efecto de la aplicación simple y combinada de extracto de vermicompost (fertilización orgánica) y solución de Steiner (fertilización mineral), en la producción de biomasa, área foliar, número de hojas y altura de planta de lechuga (Lactuca sativa var. longifolia) cv. Parris Island en hidroponía. Los resultados mostraron que la aplicación individual de dosis bajas de extracto de vermicompost incrementaron las variables medidas. Sin embargo, este efecto se tornó negativo conforme se incrementó la concentración del extracto de vermicompost. También se observaron efectos positivos al aplicar bajas concentraciones de extracto de vermicompost adicionadas con bajas concentraciones de la solución de Steiner. No obstante, al aumentar ambos factores se observaron efectos negativos, los cuales fueron más evidentes conforme se incrementó la concentración del extracto de vermicompost. Los efectos negativos están asociados a altos valores de conductividad eléctrica en los tratamientos con los niveles más altos de extracto de vermicompost y de la solución Steiner.
CARACTERÍSTICAS FÍSICAS DE FRUTOS DE CUACHALALATE (Amphipterygium adstringens (Schltdl.) Standl) DE TRES PROCEDENCIAS
Authors: Guzmán-Pozos Areli M. , Cruz-Cruz Efraín
Published: July 2020

El fruto de cuachalalate (Amphipterygium adstringens (Schltdl.) Standl.) es una sámara, seco e indehiscente, con presencia de una ala aplanada fundida con la semilla. La corteza de esta especie se utiliza en la medicina tradicional para el tratamiento de diversas enfermedades. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo conocer la variación morfológica del fruto de cuachalalate de tres procedencias, dos del Estado de Morelos y una del estado de Oaxaca. Las procedencias fueron San Juan de los Cués, Oaxaca, Quilamula, Morelos y Zacatepec, Morelos. Se registraron las variables de largo del fruto y ala; largo, ancho y grosor del área seminífera, así como número de semillas y de lóculos por fruto. Para el primer grupo de variables, los valores se registraron en dos muestras de 30 frutos por árbol tomados en forma aleatoria en San Juan de los Cués y Quilamula (20 individuos por procedencia) y en Zacatepec (18 individuos). El número de semillas y lóculos se determinó con muestras aleatorias de 30 frutos con cuatro repeticiones por árbol, con un total de 6960 frutos cortados. Los datos se analizaron con un diseño experimental de parcelas divididas, donde la parcela grande fueron las procedencias y la parcela chica los árboles. Se encontraron diferencias significativas (P = 0.01) en las procedencias para las variables: largo del fruto (52.0 ± 5.0, 43.9 ± 3.6 y 39.0 ± 3.5 mm); largo del ala (38.4 ± 4.0, 31.0 ± 3.2 y 27.6 ± 3.3 mm); largo (13.6 ± 1.2, 12.8 ± 1.1 y 11.3 ± 0.9 mm), ancho (17.6 ± 1.8, 17.5 ± 1.8 y 16.6 ± 1.9 mm) y grosor (10.5 ± 0.8, 9.9 ± 0.8 y 9.1 ± 0.6 mm) del área seminífera, para las procedencias Zacatepec, Quilamula y San Juan de los Cués, respectivamente. Se concluyó que el cuachalalate presenta variación morfológica del fruto y los porcentajes de fruto con una semilla fueron 43.2 ± 10.3 %, 32.3 ± 13.1 % y 24.6 ± 12.6 % para Zacatepec, Quilamula y San Juan de los Cués.
CRECIMIENTO Y CONTENIDO DE CLOROFILA DEL MAGUEY MEZCALERO (Agave potatorum Zucc.) EN POLICULTIVO CON MAÍZ Y FRIJOL
Authors: Martínez-Ramírez Saúl , Bautista-Sánchez Gilberto , Pedro-Santos Eucebio C. , Guerrero-Cruz Pedro D.
Published: July 2020

Se evaluó el crecimiento del maguey mezcalero (Agave potatorum Zucc.) cultivado en asociación con maíz (Zea mays L.) y frijol (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), en Huajuapan de León, Oaxaca, México. Se establecieron tres tratamientos: 1. Maguey en monocultivo, 2. Maguey con maíz y 3. Maguey con frijol. Cada tratamiento se repitió seis veces. Se usó un diseño experimental de bloques completos con tratamientos aleatorizados. Se empleó un maguey como unidad experimental. De agosto de 2011 a julio de 2012 se registraron mensualmente las nuevas hojas (desplegadas) y el área foliar. Estas variables se evaluaron cada mes y su cantidad acumulada mes a mes. Al final del estudio se evaluó: diámetro de planta, concentración de clorofila en hojas y contenido de humedad en el suelo. Se realizó un análisis de varianza y prueba de Tukey (P = 0.05). La evaluación mensual mostró que en agosto de 2011 los magueyes con frijol desplegaron 42 y 12 % más hojas que los magueyes en monocultivo y con maíz, respectivamente; en cambio para febrero de 2012 desplegaron 100 y 54 % más hojas que los magueyes con maíz y en monocultivo, respectivamente. La suma mes a mes mostró que de octubre de 2011 a julio de 2012 los magueyes con frijol tuvieron más hojas que los asociados con maíz, la máxima diferencia, de 28 %, ocurrió en mayo; de enero a junio de 2012 los magueyes con frijol exhibieron más área foliar que los asociados con maíz, la máxima diferencia, de 49 %, ocurrió en mayo. La evaluación anual mostró que los magueyes con frijol desplegaron 36 % más hojas que los magueyes en monocultivo. La humedad del suelo no varió significativamente entre tratamientos. Se concluyó que el maguey mezcalero crece más cuando se asocia con frijol y menos cuando se asocia con maíz.
EPISTASIS EN LA VARIEDAD, LA CRUZA VARIETAL, EL COMPUESTO VARIETAL Y EL SINTÉTICO DE MAÍZ
Authors: Márquez-Sánchez Fidel
Published: July 2020

Aquí se presentan los arreglos epistáticos que ocurren en la variedad de polinización libre, así como en la cruza varietal, el compuesto varietal y el sintético, de maíz (Zea mays L.) con base en el modelo de Holland. Para el análisis se involucran 2 loci con 2 alelos cada uno. Al comparar los rendimientos teóricos de la variedad contra la cruza varietal y el del compuesto varietal contra los sintéticos, la superioridad de la variedad y del compuesto varietal se debe principalmente a la mayor cantidad de efectos epistáticos dominantes heterocigóticos así como a las interacciones epistáticas en donde se encuentran involucrados.
CALIDAD DE FRUTO DE LITCHI (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) PRODUCIDO EN EL ESTADO DE VERACRUZ, MÉXICO
Authors: Aguas-Atlahua Aristarco , García-Pérez Eliseo , Ruiz-Rosado Octavio , Trinidad-Santos Antonio
Published: July 2020

Litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) es un fruto originario de China y Vietnam que ya se cultiva en México, donde el principal estado productor es Veracruz con los cultivares ‘Mauritius’ y ‘Brewster’, entre otros. Su producción se comercializa en el mercado nacional e internacional. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar las características físicas y químicas de los frutos de litchi producidos en las regiones centro y norte del estado de Veracruz, en seis huertas ubicadas en cinco municipios. Se recolectaron 4 kg de fruto por huerta y se tomaron al azar 40 frutos para su análisis de calidad. Las variables evaluadas fueron: longitud, diámetro, firmeza, peso del fruto, cáscara y semilla, sólidos solubles totales, acidez titulable y color de cáscara. Los frutos del cultivar ‘Mauritius’ presentaron variación entre huertas; destacaron los de la huerta Lechuguillas con los frutos más grandes (35.1 mm de longitud y 21.2 g de peso) y mayor peso de pulpa (16.8 g). Además, los frutos de este huerto tuvieron baja acidez, buen color de cáscara, y alto contenido de solidos solubles totales.
Lazer e Envelhecimento
Authors: Acosta Marco Aurélio de Figueiredo , Pacheco Ariane Corrêa
Published: July 2020

Atualmente, diálogos, inquietações e a elaboração de estratégias para um melhor envelhecer fazem parte das preocupações sociais. Este estudo tem como objetivo olhar para o passado procurando entrelaçá-lo a questões contemporâneas da formação da paisagem da cidade, particularmente sobre o lazer, em conjunto a determinadas mudanças na compreensão do envelhecer e de espaços destinados a idosos. A partir de uma abordagem qualitativa, utilizamos fotografias do município de Santa Maria/RS para a realização das entrevistas, nas quais contamos com a presença de 5 homens e 5 mulheres pertencentes a grupos de convivência para a terceira idade. Através das histórias contadas, protagonizadas por pessoas que se encontram com mais de 60 anos, evidencia-se um olhar positivado sobre o envelhecer na cidade, atravessado pela formação de grupos de convivência para idosos, sendo esses significados como espaço/tempo de lazer.
O lazer Existencial
Authors: Puke Natalia , Marcellino Nelson Carvalho
Published: July 2020

Esse trabalho repensa o significado do lazer a partir da ótica da filosofia existencialista, enfatizando, sobretudo, algumas das concepções de Albert Camus em torno do ciclo do absurdo. No percurso da investigação ousamos estabelecer um diálogo entre as conceituações do autor com duas das principais referências dos estudos do lazer no Brasil: Dumazedier e Marcellino. Para tanto, identificamos quais as problemáticas que circundam a temática do lazer, destacando, assim, o trabalho e o consumo como os aspectos socioculturais que desafiam as possibilidades de construção de sentido autêntico e salutar no tempo e espaço do lazer.
As Relações de Gênero na Opção de Lazer de Pessoas Atuantes em Cooperativas de Trabalho
Authors: Tejera Daniel Bidia Olmedo , Sousa Ioranny Raquel Castro de , Sampaio Tânia Mara Vieira
Published: July 2020

A pesquisa trata das relações de gênero na experiência de lazer de um grupo de participantes de cooperativas de trabalho. O objetivo do estudo foi identificar a diferença entre atividades de lazer vividas pelas mulheres e homens trabalhadores de Cooperativas e as relações de gênero entremeadas nos principais conteúdos culturais do lazer que aparecem em suas práticas. Esta é uma pesquisa qualitativa e exploratória, na metodologia usou-se a combinação de pesquisa bibliográfica e de campo. Participaram 45 cooperados de 4 cooperativas. Os resultados evidenciaram que a categoria de gênero proporciona muitas possibilidades de análise sobre os processos de naturalização das relações sociais e que as mulheres efetivamente possuem mais dificuldade em desfrutar do tempo livre do que homens.
Detection of Lung Cancer Disease using Machine Learning
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Information Technology AISSMS IOIT SP Pune University Sangamvadi, Pune , India, Kore Amit , Kandekar Saurabh ,   Department of Information Technology AISSMS IOIT SP Pune University Sangamvadi, Pune, India., Yadav Anurag ,   Department of Information Technology AISSMS IOIT SP Pune University Sangamvadi, Pune, India., Ohol Shubham ,   Department of Information Technology AISSMS IOIT SP Pune University Sangamvadi, Pune India.
Published: July 2020

Cancer causes cell to split uncontrollably. Lung Cancer results in rapid cell growth and division of such infected cell, such growth of cells called tumor. Lung is the first organ where lung tumor begins and can spread to lymph nodes and so on. Early identification of lung cancer would facilitate in sparing a large no. of lives. If we compare death rates in any cancer then lung cancer has highest mortally rate. This article presents an automated web-based system for disease detection in lung using X-Ray images. To identify disease in lung in X-ray images, as it provides detailed picture and gives clear idea of lung in the body. For this project dataset of chest x-ray was taken from Kaggle. Using Mobile Net model we predicted the lung disease. Using this approach, we can early detect the disease present in lung which causes lung cancer
Stock Market Prediction and Risk Analysis using NLP and Machine Learning
Authors:   PG Scholar, School of Computer Science Engineering Specialization in Information Security, Vellore Institute of Engineering and Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India., Verma Nishant , Raj S G David ,   PG Scholar, School of Computer Science Engineering Specialization in Information Security, Vellore Institute of Engineering and Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India., Lyimo Ackley J ,   PG Scholar, School of Computer Science Engineering Specialization in Information Security, Vellore Institute of Engineering and Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India., Kumar Kakelli Anil ,   Associate professor, School of Computer Science Engineering specialization in Network Security, Vellore Institute of Engineering and Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India.
Published: July 2020

The stock market has been an instrument of investment for more than 200 years now. The price movements in the stock market have been an enigma for many financial analysts and they have tackled this problem with very little success. The phenomenal advancement in technology led to increased storage systems, higher processing speed and better algorithms. Thus, it is more possible now to develop a system for predicting stock markets. People have this taboo that only big investors can profit from the stock market and it is a trap for retail investors or small players. The solution we propose here is easy to understand and implement. We first do the sentiment analysis of the selected stock and then suggest whether to buy, sell or hold. Secondly, we calculate the maximum risk involved in the investment using a threefold approach; market risk, sector risk and stock risk. Finally, using Support vector Regression (SVR) with three different approaches, we calculate expected return and compare them with actual returns.
Selection of Karanja Biodiesel Blend for Engine Performance by using TOPSIS and VIKOR Method
Authors:   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Meerut Institute of Engineering & Technology, Meerut (UP), India., Agarwal Mukul , Kumar Shailendra ,   (Dr. A.P.J .Abdul Kalam Technical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Published: July 2020

Demand for energy is increasing due to the development of industries, expanding urbanization, and population growth which further increases the use of fossil fuel in large amount. This also affects an environmental pollution and engine sector too. In internal combustion (IC) engines, alternative fuel blends has one of the most important decision for balancing a number of opinions and criteria for making different strategic decision by an engine expert. Choice of alternative sources of suitable blending of biodiesel and biodiesel plays an important role in engine sector. In this paper, discuss the Multi Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) techniques is used for selecting the best alternative blend of Karanja methyl ester biodiesel to fulfil the demand in IC engine sector. Optimization was done by using of VIKOR (Visekriterijimsko Kompromisno Rangiranje) and TOPSIS (technique for order performance by similarity to ideal solution) techniques. The parameter considered for optimization includes brake thermal energy, brake specific fuel consumption at different load at different compression ratio as input. Emission parameters as carbon mono oxide un burnt hydrocarbon, carbon di-oxide, oxygen and oxides of nitrogen was also determined. A productive examination of the procedure and positioning of choices can be accomplished for enhancement blends choice through TOPSIS and VIKOR techniques. Starting with normalized and weighted normalized decision matrix, positive and negative ideal solution, the distance of alternative from positive and negative ideal solution was calculated and closeness coefficient of alternative in the form of ranking of alternative was done. It was found that a mix B75 was the most appropriate blend for Karanja biodiesel for best use in CI engine without influencing the emission and performance parameters.
The Sentimental Analysis for E-Commerce Application
Authors:   Assistant Professor, CSE Department, SCSVMV Deemed to be University., Geetha V. , Gomathy C.K. ,   Assistant Professor, CSE Department, SCSVMV Deemed to be University, Manojkumar P. ,   UG Scholar CSE Department, SCSVMV Deemed to be University, Manohar N.S.L.S.V. ,   UG Scholar CSE Department, SCSVMV Deemed to be University
Published: July 2020

Right now, characterize every one of those viewpoints as a component of item, and present a multidimensional feeling investigation approach for E-business audits. Specifically, we utilize an assessment dictionary growing system to evacuate the word uncertainty among various measurements, and propose a calculation for estimation investigation on Ebusiness audits dependent on rules and a dimensional feeling vocabulary. Make word net lexicon: In this sort of archive, every single positive word are worked out independently and every negative word are worked out at one spot. Extraction of dataset: First dataset of openly accessible item audits were downloaded from the web and afterward the entry extraction structure recognizes significant areas of the content which is generally illustrative of the substance of the record. All the more explicitly, this progression includes distinguishing and extricating those particular item includes and the assessments on them.