bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of object image contrast and range of vision in smoke conditions
Authors: Кицак Анатолий Ильич
Published: September 2020

Представлены результаты исследования зависимостей контраста изображений тестового объекта от оптической плотности различных типов аэрозолей дыма при поляризационной фильтрации излучения подсветки объекта, рассеянного частицами аэрозоля в направлении назад, и в отсутствие фильтрации. Установлено, что формирование изображения объекта с применением метода поляризационной фильтрации излучения помехи обратного рассеяния (ПОР) позволяет снизить скорость уменьшения контраста изображения с увеличением оптической плотности дыма в сравнении с регистрацией изображения без фильтрации ПОР. Полученные результаты могут быть использованы при разработке оптических принадлежностей пожарного-спасателя для наблюдения объектов в неблагоприятных условиях видения: при задымлении, парообразовании, тумане.

The relevance of the work is due to the need to develop effective and affordable for mass use technical means of equipping for a firefighter-rescuer, improving the conditions of his work in a smoke-filled environment in a fire. The aim of the work was to study the contrast of the image of a flat black-and-white object with a sharp border of the black-and-white transition formed through various types of smoke aerosols during polarizing filtration of the illumination radiation of the object scattered by aerosol particles in the “back” direction, and in the absence of filtration. The results of the research are presented in the form of dependencies of the object image contrast on the optical density of the smoke aerosol in two image registration schemes, when the receiving optical system is located near the object illumination source at a distance of ~150 mm and when it is located at a distance of ~800 mm from the object illumination source. It is established that the method of forming the image of the object using polarization filtering of radiation backscattering (RBS) reduces the rate of image contrast reduction with an increase in optical smoke density compared with image registration without filtering RBS. The results obtained can be used in the development of optical accessories for firefighter-rescuer to improve the conditions of object observation in adverse conditions of vision: smoke, vaporization, fog.
Şehir Hastanelerine İlişkin İnternete Yansıyan Ulusal Haberlerin Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: EKİNCİ Nazmiye
Published: September 2020

Bu çalışma, Türkiye’de sağlık sisteminin en güncel konularından olan ve Türkiye’de 2019 yılının temmuz ayı itibariyle hizmete açılmış şehir hastanelerine ilişkin dijital medyada yer alan ulusal haberlerin değerlendirilmesi amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu amaçla Google arama motoruna “şehir hastanesi” anahtar sözcüğü girilmiştir. Nitel olarak kurgulanan bu çalışmada verilerin analizinde içerik analizi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmaya hizmet sunumuna başlamış 9 hastane dâhil edilmiş, internet sitelerinden elde edilen 53 haber ele alınarak analize tabi tutulmuştur. Araştırmanın sonucunda dijital medyada şehir hastaneleri arasından en çok ele alınanı Ankara Şehir Hastanesi (Bilkent), onu takip eden hastane ise Kayseri Şehir Hastanesi olarak belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca şehir hastaneleri ile ilgili en fazla ele alınan konunun şehir hastanelerinde sunulan hizmetler ve yapılan tedaviler olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Lise ve Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Hemşire Yardimciliği Ünvani Konusundaki Düşünceleri
Authors: GÜMÜŞLER BAŞARAN Ayşe
Published: September 2020

Hemşirelik ünvanı, farklı eğitim
seviyesinden mezun olanlara 2018 yılına kadar verilmiş, lise mezunları 2018
yılı itibariye hemşire yardımcısı olarak mezun olmaya başlamıştır. Bu
çalışmada lise mezuniyeti sonrasında hemşire yardımcılığı ünvanı alınması ile
ilgili yapılan değişikliği lisans ve lise düzeyindeki hemşirelik ve hemşire
yardımcılığı bölümü öğrencilerinin nasıl karşıladığı konusundaki düşüncelerini
belirlemek amaçlanmıştır.Araştırma Rize’de,
bir üniversite ve iki farklı lisede, 276 öğrenci ile yürütülen kesitsel bir
çalışmadır .Veriler araştırmacı tarafından hazırlanan sosyodemografik
bilgilerin, öğrencilerin değişiklik hakkındaki bilgi ve düşüncelerinin
sorulduğu anket formuyla, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan Üniversitesi Girişimsel Olmayan
Etik Kurul izni (2018-52) ve Milli Eğitim Müdürlüğünden izinler alınarak
toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde yüzde ve ki-kare analizi kullanılmıştır.Lisans
öğrencileri hemşirelik bölümünü en yüksek oranda iş bulma imkanının fazla
olması (%72) nedeniyle seçerken lise öğrencileri mesleği sevdiği için (%35,3)
seçmiştir. Lise ve üniversite mezuniyeti sonrasında hemşire ünvanının
alınmasını lise öğrencileri doğru bulurken (%55,9), aynı ortamda çalışırken sorun
yaşanacağını düşünme (%66,9) üniversite öğrencilerinde fazladır. Her iki grupta
hemşire yardımcılığı olarak ünvan değişikliği yapıldığını bilirken sadece üniversite
öğrencileri bunu olumlu karşılamaktadır (%80,3). Lisans öğrencileri hemşirelik
mesleğine etkisi konusunda en fazla hemşirenin iş yükünü azaltacağı (%82,2)
görüşüne katılmışlardır. Sağlık meslek lisesi mezunu lisans öğrencilerinde
(%46,5) ve 12. sınıf lise öğrencilerinde (%65) lise ve üniversite mezunlarına
hemşire ünvanı verilmesini doğru bulma daha fazladır.

Üniversite öğrencileri unvan değişikliğini
doğru bulurken, lise öğrencilerinin istemediği belirlenmiştir.
Sağlığın Dönüşümünde Hemşire İnsan Gücü
Authors: KÖSE Aslı
Published: September 2020

Sürekli büyüyen sağlık sektörünün en önemli kaynaklarından birini sağlık insan gücü oluşturmaktadır. Sağlık hizmetlerinin örgütlenmesinden ve sunumundan sorumlu olan Sağlık Bakanlığı toplumun sağlığı açısından en önemli işveren konumundadır. Sağlık insan gücünün yetiştirilmesinde eğitimin niteliği önemli olup özellikle hata kabul etmeyen sağlık hizmeti sunumu açısından çok daha özen gösterilmesi gereken bir konudur. Hemşire gereksinimini karşılamak üzere niteliğine dikkat edilmeden yürütülen eğitim programlarından mezun olan hemşirelerin istihdam edilmesi durumunda, sağlık hizmetinin niteliği ve kalitesi önemli ölçüde etkilenecektir. Yetersiz hemşire insan gücünün yarattığı eksiklik, çoğu zaman diğer hemşireler tarafından giderilmeye çalışılmaktadır. Bu durum, hemşirelik işlevlerini ve rollerini önemli ölçüde etkilemekte, hemşirelik mesleğinin profesyonellikten uzaklaşmasına, hemşireliğin usta çırak ilişkisi ile öğrenilen bir işe dönüşmesine neden olmaktadır. Son dönemde yaşanan ekonomik krizler ve sağlık politikalarının etkisiyle, sağlık mesleklerine olan talep giderek artmaktadır.İstihdam politikalarında ise var olan talebin karşılanmasına yönelik istenen nitelikte iş olanağının sağlanması gerekmektedir. Sağlık insan gücü yetiştiren ve istihdam eden kurumlar arasında uyumlu insangücü planlaması yapılmasına gereksinim duyulmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, hemşire insan gücü açısından istihdam, eğitim ve profesyonellik bileşenleri sağlık alanındaki değişim açısından değerlendirilmiştir.
Astım Yönetiminde Okul Temelli Yaklaşım ve Hemşirenin Rolleri
Authors: GÜLER Salih , AKCAN Arzu
Published: September 2020

Astım, çocukların fiziksel, duygusal, sosyal ve ruhsal açıdan gelişimlerini olumsuz etkileyen ve yaşam kalitesini düşüren kronik bir hastalıktır. Doğru bir astım yönetimi ile semptom kontrolünü sağlamak, astım alevlenmelerini önleyerek hastaneye yatışları azaltmak, fiziksel aktivite ve eğitim gibi günlük yaşam aktivitelerini sürdürmek, ilaçlara bağlı yan etkileri önlemek ve astım mortalitesini azaltmak mümkündür. Bu makalenin amacı; okul temelli astım yönetiminin amacı, geliştirilen çeşitli astım yönetimi stratejileri, okullarda astım yönetiminde yaşanan problemler ve okul sağlığı hemşirelerinin rolleri hakkında ışık tutabilecek bilgiler sunmaktır. Okullar, astımlı çocukları tespit etmek, astım yönetimi ile ilgili bilgi toplamak ve plan yapmak, hastalık hakkında eğitim vermek için eşsiz ortamlardır. Okul temelli astım yönetim programlarının genel amacı, astım semptomlarının oluşumunu önleyerek, iyi bir astım kontrolü sağlamaktır. Okullarda astım yönetiminde yaşanan problemler; çocuk, aile ve okul kaynaklı problemler olmak üzere üç farklı boyutta ele alınabilir. Bu problemlerin çözümüne yönelik olarak ise okul sağlığı hemşireleri tarafından astım yönetimi planı konusunda öğrenciye, öğretmenlerine ve ailelerine eğitim verilmesi önemlidir. Başarılı bir astım yönetimi için okul sağlığı hemşireleri, okul, aile ve sağlık profesyonelleri arasında koordinasyonu sağlamalıdır. Astımlı çocukların yaşamlarını optimum sağlık düzeyinde sürdürebilmelerinin, akılcı ve doğru bir astım yönetimiyle sağlanabildiği görülmektedir. Okul temelli yürütülen etkili bir astım yönetiminin çocukların sağlıklı büyüme ve gelişmeleri için önemlidir.
Comparison of Athletes and Sedentary Students in Terms of Premenstrual Syndrome and Dysmenorrhea
Authors: KARTAL Bahtışen , KISSAL Aygül , KAYA Mustafa
Published: September 2020

Objective: In this study, it was aimed to compare athletes and sedentary students in terms of premenstrual syndrome and dysmenorrhea. Methods: This is a descriptive study. The study sample consisted of 341 students. The study was carried out at Pysical Education and Sports College and Nursing Department of Health College of a university between the 1st and the 15th of May, 2016. The data were collected by using an Information Form, Visual Analogue Scale and Premenstrual Syndrome Scale (PMSS). Results: It was determined that sedentary and the athlete students showed similar characteristics in terms of weight, marital status and economic status but differed in terms of age and height average. Dysmenorrhea and premenstrual syndrome frequency were found to be high in both sedentary and athlete students (92.3%, 74.6%, 92.5%, 72.7%, respectively). It was found out that the mean PMSS score of the sedentary students was 118.00 ± 40.20, and the mean PMSS score of the athletes was 120.93 ± 40.76 and it was determined that the difference between the mean scores of these two groups was not significant (p>0.05). It was found out that dysmenorrhea pain score was 5.54±2.32 in sedentary students and 6.15 ± 2.85 in athlete students and it was determined that this difference between the groups was significant (p
Which Procedures Do Emergency Nurses Do Except for Their Duties and Authority and Why?
Authors: ŞİMŞEK Perihan , ÇAKIR Gül , ERTÜRK YAVUZ Melek , SERPİCİ Ayşe , BULUT Enes , GÜRSOY Ayla
Published: September 2020

Objective: The study was carried out in order to determine the situation of emergency department nurses performing medical practices that fall beyond their job description.
Method: The current study was completed with 250 emergency department nurses. In the study, the data were collected by sharing the online data collection form developed by the researchers using the Google Drive program on the social networking sites of the Turkish Nurses Association and the Turkish Surgical Nurses Association.
Results: Almost all of the participants (99.2%) stated that they have been doing some medical procedures that fall beyond their job description. It was determined that 90.4% of emergency nurses applied suturization and 84.4% applied plaster-splint. Approximately 1/3 of the participants did not state any reason for emergency department nurses performing medical procedures outside of their job description, while approximately 1/3 indicated the lack of physician as the reason. Majority of the emergency department nurses (60.8%) stated that they were partially confident in performing medical practices that fall beyond their job description. The emergency department nurses participating in the study stated that if they refused to perform some medical procedures that are not included in their job descriptions, they received backlash from the physicians (78.0%), and the hospital management (67.6%).
Conclusion: Emergency department nurses perform some medical procedures that fall beyond their job description and consider this to be an important problem. For the solution of this problem, further studies investigating the subject with all its dimensions on a large sample are needed.
Haematological Features of COVID -19 Infection During Admission: Single Center Experience
Authors: Muquith Dr. Tangia , Ivy Dr. Sabrina Rubaiyat , Islam Dr. Nazia
Published: September 2020

The COVID-19 pandemic is a worldwide pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The virus was confirmed to have spread to Bangladesh in March 2020. The first three known cases were reported on 8 March 2020. COVID-19 is a systemic infection with a significant impact on the hematopoietic system and hemostasis. In this study, we retrospectively analyzed 92 adult patients, confirmed as case of COVID- 19 infection by RT- PCR from April, 2020 to June, 2020. We divided the patients into two groups; ICU and Non – ICU groups. We analyzed haematological indices including haemoglobin, total white cell count, absolute neutrophil count , absolute lymphocyte count, platelet count, D-Dimer, ferritin, LDH in patients of both groups during admission. Our study showed that on admission, neutrophilic leukocytosis, lymphopenia, hyperferritinemia and very high D-DIMER were usually associated with ICU admission.
The Paradox of Being a Probationer: Tales of Joy and Sorrow
Authors: Jr Jose F. Cuevas
Published: September 2020

Probation is a form of community-based correction; once the probationers are released from jail, they face paradoxical challenges to their personal and social life. This study investigated the paradoxical facets of being a probationer during their probation period. Through purposive sampling, the study identified 17 probationers from Ozamiz City who participated in an in-depth interview and focus group discussion using researcher-made guide questions. The responses were transcribed and analyzed using Colaizzi's descriptive phenomenology. Four central themes emerged from joy and another three from sorrow, a namely new lease on life and freedom, friendship and camaraderie with coprobationers, love, and support of family, acceptance and understanding of community and co-workers. While for the sorrow, the themes of the stigma of being a probationer, traumatization of children/family, insecurity and anxiety. The findings asserted that the attachment to their families and other support system is most important in facing hard challenges. With this, the researcher encouraged the probationers through the supervision of the probation officers to strengthen the family ties and other support systems, which will contribute to the overall process of probationers' rehabilitation and reformation.
Automatic Port Scanner
Authors: Mohammed Moona Olakara
Published: September 2020

In a computer network, an attack is an attempt to destroy or steal unauthorized information or make use of information as an asset. One of the attacks is a reconnaissance attack considered as the first step of a computer attack. This type of attack is mostly done by a black hat, an expert in the programmer, by scanning the internal network devices and gather vulnerability information. In this paper, shows the identification of open ports and services through the network and available IP on the network are possible to attack.
Long-term Period Changes and Brightness Variations for the Deeply Eclipsing Cataclysmic Variable SW Sex
Authors: Fang Xiaohui , Qian Shengbang , Han Zhongtao , Wang Qishan
Published: September 2020

SW Sex is a deeply eclipsing cataclysmic variable with an orbital period of 0.1349 days. Based on the new photometric observations together with the data collected in the literature, we find that the orbital period shows a period wiggle from 1980 to 2015, and then decreases severely until 2020, when our observations end. If the oscillation with an amplitude of 0.000973 days and a period of 36.57 yr is due to the presence of a third body, the mass of this component can be determined as M
3sini′ = 0.014 M
⊙. Supposing the companion and the central binary are coplanar, its mass would correspond to a giant planet. However, Applegate‘s mechanism can also provide enough energy to force such variation and more data will distinguish the reason. The rapid decline of the orbital period at a rate of −4.24 × 10−10 s s−1 in 2015–2020 cannot be attributed to magnetic braking. Also, Applegate‘s mechanism fails to produce such a fast decrease. It can be explained as the angular momentum loss caused by a strong disk wind, which declares its existence by synchronizing the period decrease with the brightness increase. In addition, the long-term brightness oscillation with an amplitude of 0.6 mag and a timescale of about 9.7 yr is discovered. This is the first it has been detected for nova-like cataclysmic variables (CVs). It will provide valuable information for understanding the disk activity and the evolution of the CVs.
Building capacity for mainstreaming nature-based solutions into environmental policy and landscape planning
Authors: Balzan Mario V , Tomaskinova Judita , Collier Marcus , Dicks Lynn , Geneletti Davide , Grace Miriam , Longato Davide , Sadula Renata , Stoev Pavel , Sapundzhieva Anna
Published: September 2020

Nature-based solutions (NBS) is a term often used to refer to adequate green infrastructure that provides multiple benefits to society whilst addressing societal challenges. They are defined as actions to protect, sustainably manage and restore natural or modified ecosystems that address societal challenges effectively and adaptively, simultaneously providing human well-being and biodiversity benefits. Malta, the smallest member state of the EU, has been characterised by rapid economic growth and urbanisation and Maltese citizens had the highest rate of exposure to pollution, grime or other environmental problems, in the EU. The project ReNature aims to establish and implement a nature-based solutions research strategy for Malta with a vision to promote research and innovation and develop sustainable solutions whilst improving human well-being and tackling environmental challenges. Here, we introduce the opening of ReNature collection of research articles in the Open Access Research Ideas and Outcomes (RIO) journal to publish unconventional research outputs and training materials. It will host key outputs relating to the sustainable use of biodiversity, biodiversity – ecosystem functioning, green infrastructure and ecosystem service assessments across rural-urban gradients, equitable access to the benefits derived from nature in cities and socio-environmental justice, payments for ecosystem services, and designing nature-based solutions.
L’esprit pionnier de Watt&Well
Authors: Schmitt Benoit
Published: September 2020

Ayant remarqué que la conversion d’énergie est mal traitée dans les entreprises, Benoit Schmitt crée, avec un camarade, Watt&Well. Ils commencent par une activité de conseil, abordent les marchés du pétrole, de l’aéronautique et de l’automobile, puis décident de passer à la fabrication. L’entreprise double de taille tous les deux ans et conquiert un marché prestigieux pour Ariane 6. Elle doit maintenant trouver sa voie pour exploiter des marchés en voie de maturation tout en gardant l’esprit pionnier qui l’anime.
Pourquoi l’investissement socialement responsable devient une affaire sérieuse
Authors: Mottis Nicolas , Philipponnat Thierry
Published: September 2020

Les investisseurs se mobilisent de plus en plus sur l’investissement socialement responsable (ISR), pour des raisons de bien-pensance, mais aussi par intérêt. L’Europe est en avance dans sa réglementation et la France a développé un écosystème ISR très complet. Cependant, si les actifs qualifiés ISR y représentent plusieurs centaines de milliards d’euros, leurs pratiques sont très hétérogènes. Les labels à destination des épargnants ont besoin d’être renforcés et les impacts sociaux et environnementaux sont encore difficiles à mesurer…
Les régions en France
Authors: Dumont Gérard-François
Published: September 2020

En France, après l’effacement des provinces au temps d’une royauté devenue absolue, l’importance du fait régional a mis du temps à émerger pour enfin se concrétiser avec la régionalisation de 1982. Depuis, de nombreux textes législatifs ont modifié les compétences des régions et la façon dont elles peuvent les exercer. En outre, une diminution drastique de leur nombre en France métropolitaine a été mise en œuvre depuis 2016. Dans ce contexte, cette analyse se concentre sur trois questions : comment la France a-t-elle fini par entreprendre une régionalisation ? Comment considérer la cartographie des régions en France par rapport aux autres démocraties européennes ? Les compétences dont disposent les régions leurs donnent-elles de larges possibilités d’action ou, au contraire, faut-il noter un contraste entre leur vaste périmètre géographique et leur importance politique ?
Africans and Immigrants: Haitian Contributions to the African Protestant Movement in Early America
Authors: Johnson Ronald Angelo
Published: September 2020

Cet article retrace l’histoire de l’Église protestante africaine américaine dans la Jeune République américaine, par le biais de l’analyse de la participation des immigrants haïtiens dans la vie religieuse noire de Savannah et de Philadelphie. Il examine les parcours d’immigrants haïtiens qui s’investirent dans les Églises noires jusqu’à y atteindre des positions importantes, ainsi que la façon dont ils ont fait leur la théologie émanant des expériences vécues par les Noirs américains libres et asservis, et ont adopté une identité commune « africaine » au sein d’une société américaine racialisée. Ce faisant, l’article invite à prendre davantage en considération le rôle et l’engagement des émigrés de couleur originaires de Saint-Domingue dont l’installation durable aux États-Unis a permis à leurs descendants de s’imposer comme des personnalités éminentes dans les domaines de l’éducation, de la musique et de la politique africaines américaines.
“Look Well Before You Leap”: African Americans and the Debate over Emigration to Trinidad in the Urban North 1839-1841
Authors: Power-Greene Ousmane
Published: September 2020

Cet article analyse le débat sur l’émigration à destination de Trinidad qui agita la communauté noire américaine libre dans les États du Nord entre 1839 et 1841. Il s’intègre dans le large éventail de travaux universitaires qui s’intéressent à la circulation des biens, des idées et des personnes dans le monde atlantique au cours du xixe siècle. Il examine en particulier dans quelle mesure les changements politiques et économiques à Trinidad poussèrent les Noirs Américains à envisager un nouveau départ dans les Antilles britanniques après que l’esclavage y fut aboli et à quel point les débats entre les dirigeants de la communauté africaine américaine et les abolitionnistes à propos de l’émigration vers les îles des Caraïbes furent influencés par le projet de colonisation libérien promu par l’American Colonization Society.
The Potential Role of Intellectual Capital in the Process of Accounting Convergence
Authors: Oncioiu Ionica
Published: September 2020

Today, wealth is created through a combination of intangible assets that generate value. Companies have recognized the importance of intellectual capital as a key factor for success, looking for ways to measure and control this factor. Differences arising between accounting and fiscal policy will be resolved over accounting. This chapter shows that it is imperative to review fiscal policy on intangibles so as to reach the premises of business development, reestablishing profit growth, and fiscal parameter supervision by senior staff. The transition to accounting convergence is very complex and will result in terms of significant accounting policies and principles that are currently in project of the IASB and FASB.
The Economics of Unemployment
Authors: Johnson Jennie Larry , Khan Adil A.
Published: September 2020

Economics is the science that studies the laws of supply and demand within a country's economy. For hundreds of years, economists have debated the issue of unemployment and its impact on a country's economy. The arguments have given rise to several schools of thought regarding how governments and policymakers should react when their workers cannot find jobs that pay decent wages. The arguments have also led to the formation of new countries and the reconstruction of others. This literature review used a systematic approach to review selected and representative studies, theoretical papers, and economic reports to answer the research question: Why are so many Americans unemployed? The authors based their methodology on Cooper's Taxonomy for Literature Review to provide a synthesis of the literature to uncover new perspectives and build a framework of the literature. The findings infer investments in job training programs to close skills gaps are not a form of public welfare. Such expenditures would be an investment
Preferences, Utility, Value-Driven Modeling, and Decision Support
Authors: Pavlov Yuri P. , Andreev Rumen D. , Terzieva Valentina T. , Todorova Katia A. , Kademova-Katzarova Petia I.
Published: September 2020

The inclusion of organizational knowledge in the process of modeling of complex systems is an essential step in the decision-making. This needs normative description of the system structure in terms of objective and sub-objectives. In phenomena with human participation, the emphasis is on the cardinal significance as preferences. The approach to modeling such information is the utility theory. This chapter demonstrates a value-driven approach and presents two mathematical models of complex processes. The normative approach is based on stochastic-approximation methods for analytical representation of qualitative preferences. The approach is illustrated in two practical oriented applications. The first one represents modeling of exhaustible timber production by reflecting socio-economic and forest-related ecological factors. The second one concerns the determining of the optimal usage of active and passive technology-based resources in classroom teaching. The approach permits mathematical modeling and even control and prescriptive decision support in complex processes.
The Organizational Culture in the Days Post 9/11
Authors: Korstanje Maximiliano Emanuel
Published: September 2020

In the recent years, terrorism has posed as one of the main threats of the West. In fact, TV programs, books, documentaries, and thousands of published papers have flooded not only the media screen but also the academic events. In spite of this exaggerated attention, little is known on the effects of terrorism in daily life. To be more exact, the effects of terrorism in the working culture. This paper focuses on how the life of lay-worker has been modified after the 9/11, as well as how the organizational culture and labor relations have radicalized in the days post 9/11.
Continuous Assurance as Digital Transformation Enabler of Audit, Risk Management, and Business Compliance
Authors: Marques Rui Pedro Figueiredo
Published: September 2020

In the current organizational context, in which there is a fierce competitiveness and a constant need for more timely, relevant, and reliable information to support the decision making and achieve the strategic and operational objectives, Continuous Assurance has assumed an important role as a management goal and in ensuring improved effectiveness of organizations. This works provides the concept of Continuous Assurance, its objectives and components, and a model which allows both to evaluate information systems with Continuous Assurance services and to help design the requirements of new ones. Finally, some implementations are also presented providing a comprehensive understanding the state-of-the-art and the benefits of Continuous Assurance.
Data Science for Business Analytics and Business Intelligence
Authors: Lederer Matthias , Schmid Patrick
Published: September 2020

Data science as the interdisciplinary collection of methods and techniques to support businesses is becoming more and more popular. This article begins with definitions and shows how systematically competitive advantages can be built up on the basis of digital data. Essential sources and types of data-driven knowledge are introduced. Then a classification of approaches of data science concepts is explained. A distinction is made between Business Analytics and Business Intelligence as different levels of analytical skills. The paper goes into depth with these concepts and presents concrete techniques, algorithms, and application scenarios. Thus, the contribution introduces State of the Art approaches to analysis, control, monitoring but also to advanced approaches such as prediction, simulation, and optimization.
Human Face to Data as a Contemporary Approach to Decision Making in the Development Sector
Authors: Wahid Ishret Binte , Hasan Mohammad Raquibul , Mwasaa Walter
Published: September 2020

We live in an age of development where the need for accountability in using aid resources led to big data generation. This paper revisits such data in a food security program in Bangladesh. The program initiated a longitudinal study that measures effects on the adoption of agricultural productivity, women empowerment, and health and nutrition practices of participants. The results of this study have been impressive and in line with the program logic. However, the program deduced a need to move beyond numbers to understand individual experiences. The paper builds the case for using ‘human face', a qualitative approach to gain a comprehensive understanding of data. The program purposively selected eight respondents from the sample of the longitudinal study, interviewed them using a semi-structured checklist, and, later analyzed the data using a case study approach. The results revealed that not every increasing pattern had positive implications, nor did limited progress meant a negative impact on subjects. The program utilized this insight for reviewing program implementation strategy.
Organizations Operating in Real Time (Real-Time Enterprise) and the Role of IT as a Tool Supporting Their Management Systems
Authors: Kisielnicki Jerzy , Markowski Marek Michal
Published: September 2020

Constant changes in the market and increased competition make it necessary to dynamically adapt the way of running a business. The pressure of constant changes implies the emergence of requirements for information technology, which is the basic tool for information processing in organizations. The necessity of immediate reaction to business changes, reduction of time of business processes realization, immediate retrieval of information and its sharing, became the foundation of the idea of a company processing real-time information (Real Time Enterprise, RTE). RTE provides real-time information to employees, customers, suppliers, and other business partners, ensuring timeliness and consistency across all IT systems. The possibilities of RTE implementation thus become an important element of the IT operation and the entire enterprise. It seems to be advisable to find determinants of designing a proper IT system supporting the operation of an enterprise that processes information in real time (RTE).
Information Technology in Mining Services Applications
Authors: Mishra Pankaj Kumar
Published: September 2020

An overview of information technology (IT) in underground mining services applications is discussed against the backdrop of the vital challenges that this technology has to prevail for successful implementation in these hazardous environments. The application of IT is broken down into a number of key areas, for example, information dissemination, safety, remote operations, mine mechanization, fleet management, environmental impact, exploration of coal and minerals, process improvement and efficiency. Consideration is also given to future prospects of IT in mining industry.
Systems, Services, Solutions of the Public Cloud
Authors: Correia Eduardo
Published: September 2020

With the public cloud, organizations have access to an extensive, diverse range of new and emerging technologies as well as well-established ones. Their support staff may combine these technologies in a number of novel ways to form solutions that do more and cost less while meeting the business requirements of organizations. The public cloud bewilders, even confuses the average user, as it is an area of increasing technical complexity that is undergoing rapid change in terms of both a diversification of available services and the growth in underlying contingent technologies. This chapter discusses the public cloud in terms of the three basic service models of infrastructure as a service (IaaS), platform as a service (PaaS), and software as a service (SaaS) and then discusses the public cloud in the context of the four deployment models of private cloud, public cloud, hybrid cloud, and community cloud. It concludes with the risks and challenges associated with security and the need of organizations to make use of of multiple public cloud providers.
Hatchery Unit and Six Sigma Methodology
Authors: Hable Asawaree Anand , Rokade Jaydip , M. Monika , M. Gopi
Published: September 2020

Six Sigma (6σ) is a process improvement methodology and can help in the betterment of the poultry industry. The steps are defined, measure, analyze, improve, and verify. It offers benefits like defect reduction and increased productivity. The new hypothesis is analyzed and improvements are tested and verified. Poultry is the most organized sector in animal agriculture in India, worth Euro 14,500 million. Poultry still has challenges and opportunities for improvement in productivity and quality standards. Six sigma can be applied to the poultry industry for continuous improvement and more economical benefits. The applications of 6σ to hatchery step in poultry may provide quality, uniformity, cost-effective process, minimum error, more customer satisfaction. The benefits offered are a reduction in egg damages, maintenance of egg quality, improvement in hatchability, improvement in hygiene, minimize microbial load and other inventories, improvement in capabilities and discipline of an employee, avoidance of backtracking. Six sigma applications to poultry industry need to be emphasized.
A Guide to Cracking Down Cyber-Ethical Dilemmas
Authors: Lee Wanbil William
Published: September 2020

The advancement in computing technologies raises more complex moral and security issues, thus intensifying the urgency for resolving cyberethical dilemmas. At the same time, we spend a lot on cybersecurity, yet still get hacked whereby, it is argued, a hidden cause transpires - we don't take ethics seriously due to a poor understanding of ethics. Society in general and the computing technology community in particular recognize that ethics is important. However, corporate managers and information security operatives still fall for the fallacious ‘what's legal is ethical' or accept the relativistic ‘if Tom can do it then Dick can do it'. This is no surprise because the concepts of ethics seem plain and simple yet their implications abstruse. A guide for improving our knowledge of ethics and in the same vein discovering and identifying ethical issues and linking the issues to the relevant theories and technologies, and resolving the dilemmas will be desirable.
Network Organizations as a Catalyst for Innovation
Authors: Sobolewska Olga I. , Kisielnicki Jerzy A.
Published: September 2020

The formation of network organizations is underpinned by the development of ICTs (Information Communication Technologies). Such organizations promote the application of an innovation-oriented approach. The monograph depicts theoretical and practical issues arising from our research on the transformation of management structures of various organizations. The research shows that the application of a network management model allows for significant economic effects to be obtained both for the constituent organizations and for the society. Creating a network organization may improve its competitiveness and ensure its higher international ratings. The emergence of network organizations ensues from the evolution of traditional linear structures. The transformation process could take place thanks to substantial progress in ICT development.
Vertical Integration in Content Provisioning With Cloud Migration
Authors: Mikavica Branka , Kostic-Ljubisavljevic Aleksandra
Published: September 2020

The continuous growth of internet traffic is significantly pushed by emerging high bandwidth demanding contents. All participants in the content provisioning process including content providers, service providers, Content Delivery Networks (CDN) and customers are influenced by bandwidth requirements. Appropriate bandwidth demand estimation is of great importance for addressing resource investment. Providers in content provisioning process need to consider cloud migration in order to minimize costs. The vertical interconnection between involved providers is necessary. Larger undertakings often perform vertical integration, thus ensuring a higher control over different segments of the process. The vertically integrated content provider's incentives for cloud migration can induce significant changes in interconnection contracts in the content provisioning process. In this chapter different methods of vertical interconnection charging among vertically integrated providers are analyzed and compared.
REA-Semantic Teaching in the Accounting Information Systems (AIS) Courses
Authors: Abu-Khadra Husam A. , Chowdhury Shamsul I.
Published: September 2020

This paper complements the Seow and Pan self-study online tutorial by providing a condensed version of the REA data modeling. It provides the basic knowledge in designing a relational database in AIS. Furthermore, a clear methodology is provided on how to create a system logical design using a design approach that relies on business knowledge. This paper can be used as a teaching aid for self-study material, a flipped classroom model or as supplementary material for an adopted textbook.
Cybersecurity Risks in Romanian Companies
Authors: Petrescu Anca Gabriela , Petrescu Marius , Panagore Ioana , Bîlcan Florentina Raluca
Published: September 2020

During the last period, information and communication systems became an essential component of our society that, at its turn, became more and more dependent on these infrastructures. At the same time, these systems are undergoing a convergence and interconnection process which, besides its benefits come to raise specific threats to their users' interests. Due to the high level of interconnectivity, it is essential that all members of the cyber community to be aware of their responsibilities in information security. Rising awareness is the first step towards a more trustful and credible communication information environment that is a pre-requisite of the information society. This chapter demonstrates, on the one hand, how Romanian organizations are able to optimize their information security risk in order to streamline their activities and, on the other hand, how security mechanisms have to be properly designed and commensurate with the specific threats for the specific types of information.
eLancing the Future Work Model
Authors: Abubakar A. Mohammed
Published: September 2020

Work is not just central to how we contribute to and participate in the society, but also a powerful mechanism for economic inclusion and social identification. Artificial intelligence and the internet of things have been linked to digitalization and the 4th industrial revolution. However, it is about us “humans”-the way we live, learn, earn, and play. The future of work is all about pliability and ability to reinvent oneself. The orthodox archetype of having a stable lifetime job is eroding, and is being replaced by more flexible short-term precarious work arrangement, electronic lancing (eLancing). eLancing also represents the resurrection of dead capital, the comatose human capital in the context of the World Wide Web's genealogy. Our values, norms, cultural institutions, and educational systems were designed to create traditional workers. eLancing has the propensity to alter the traditional work perceptions, norms, institutions and regulations. This chapter describes eLancing and other hybrid work models; challenges, opportunities and implications of eLancing are discussed.
Theory and Practice of Search Engine Optimization
Authors: Giomelakis Dimitrios , Veglis Andreas
Published: September 2020

The extensive range of information resources and services is certainly one of the most important features of the internet while at the same time, web search is considered as a crucial application for managing the massive volumes of distributed web content. Beyond argument, search engines have made an enormous contribution to the web by making the process of finding information online a very quick and easy process. This chapter provides an overview of Search Engine Optimization, with a focus on its different characteristics and practices as well its history and how it has evolved over the years. In order to give a better understanding of the importance of SEO in the current state of the Internet and in information search, basic knowledge of how search engines operate along with their recent updates are also provided.
Social Entrepreneurship
Authors: Husain-Talero Soraya , Cortés Luz Dary González
Published: September 2020

The chapter aims to conceptualize social entrepreneurship, together with its contribution to social value creation and its relation to innovation and sustainability. The chapter begins by theorizing about social entrepreneurship and the desirable characteristics of a social entrepreneur. Comparisons between the different schools of taught, namely The Social Enterprise School and the Social Innovation School are made in order to understand trends and similarities that might affect the development of a social entrepreneurial ecosystem. Finally, the links between social entrepreneurship, sustainability and social innovation are explored, as well as issues and challenges that might occur in relation to funding strategies, tax and legal regulations, public investment, public awareness and impact measurement. The article concludes that social entrepreneurship contributes to tackling social problems in an innovative manner, bringing together different actors such as government, private companies and social entrepreneurs.
Entrepreneurial Personality
Authors: Hernández-Sánchez Brizeida R. , Sánchez-García Jose C. , Ward Alexander
Published: September 2020

Entrepreneurship as a research topic has been approached from different disciplines. After justifying the importance of its study, we define it as a process of discovery, assessment, and exploitation of opportunities. As part of this process, it also becomes important to study the person behind these actions. In fact, the personality approach is one of the most classic approaches in the study of entrepreneurship, albeit at same time one of the most controversial. This chapter summarizes relevant literature on personality traits and entrepreneurship, and differences are also established between broad traits (e.g., Big Five) and more specific traits (e.g., Opportunity Recognition or Locus of Control). Due to space constraints, this chapter does not do justice to all the existing developments that have analyzed the relationship between personality traits and entrepreneurship; however, it also includes a section dedicated to cognitive ability as a line of work that can complement the trait-based approach. The authors finalize this chapter with conclusions from the selected literature.
Industry 4.0
Authors: Wernicke Immo H.
Published: September 2020

The German Government and the European Commission have launched the strategic initiative named Industrie 4.0 for a re-industrialization of Germany and Europe and for achieving more competitiveness and sustainable growth. The strategy promotes and supports R&D and the implementation of digital technologies at SMEs of the traditional manufacturing industries. Digital technologies include Cyber Physical Systems, Cloud Computing, Robotics, 3D-printer-technology, Smart Factories, Additive-Manufacturing, and Artificial Intelligence. The impact of digitization on the economy, on employment, and on business results of SMEs is not yet clear due to insufficient availability of business data. The methodological framework of a SWOT-Analysis might be most convenient to discuss the strength, weakness, challenges, and opportunities of the strategy and the threats on its implementation. The contribution is addressed to politicians, academics, media, startups, and managers of SMEs that are less familiar with the Industrie 4.0 strategy. The concept might be useful to overcome the impact of the corona virus lockdown.
Mobile Culture for Tourism Communication
Authors: Andrade Pedro
Published: September 2020

Mobile devices and the corresponding culture, are transforming the way we understand and sense social, urban and intercultural processes. The aim of this text is twofold: firstly, to circumscribe the main ideas and concepts which clarify the process of mobile culture, activated through the use of mobile apparatus (cell phones, etc.). Secondly, inquiry why and how mobile culture and its instruments facilitate or difficult communication within tourism activities. Tourism is one of the most relevant processes within the contemporary city, in the sense that it activates multiple urban mobilities and their modes and means of communication, in particular the social and cultural exchanges among native citizens of a destination place, and tourists visiting this locality.
Destination@-Branding and Re-Branding of Ten European Capitals
Authors: Bocci Elena , Silvana de Rosa Annamaria , Dryjanska Laura
Published: September 2020

This contribution is a part of a broad research programme on Place-identity and Social Representations of European Capitals in first visitors of six different nationalities. In accordance with the model of “destination branding” including: brand identity, brand image and brand element mix (name, logo, sign, design, symbol, slogan…), this contribution focuses on the institutional stems and commercial logos and compares these iconic structural elements of the brands of ten historical European Capitals. The research also compares the social representations evoked by the brands among potential first-visitors. Moreover, this chapter analyses the recent transformations of some commercial brands in a longitudinal perspective (re-branding). Finally, this contribution integrates the results of the analysis of the main graphic elements of the branding in the framework of the more complex research programme, suggesting a preliminary overview of the Destination@-Branding focused on the iconic social representations.
Model/Anti-Model Advocacy Responses to Hospitality Industry Sexual Harassment
Authors: Brand Jeffrey D. , Pohl Gayle M.
Published: September 2020

This chapter explores a case study in the restaurant industry by evaluating accusations against John Besh, a celebrity chef, and his organization, the Besh Restaurant Group (now BRG Hospitality). Applying the work of Perleman and Olbrechts-Tyteca and their identification of model and anti-model argumentation schemes, this study reveals how organizations and industries can address accusations against members (anti-model) and also propose and advocate for changes (model) to improve symbolic and material conditions for their industry, their employees, and their stakeholder communities. By evaluation of the discourses by leaders and members of the restaurant industry, celebrity chefs, and the mass media for their responses to sexual harassment and assault accusations; the opportunity for this movement and protest to serve as a catalyst for change and action might be understood. This case study, related to the restaurant industry, is also intended to illustrate how cases in other industries revealed through the #MeToo movement may also be catalysts for change.