bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DA PROIBIÇÃO DA NEOLINGUAGEM A “INFINITAS POSSIBILIDADES DE GÊNEROS NÃO EXISTENTES”
Authors: Rodrigues Franciele , Brevilheri Ursula Boreal Lopes , Nalli Morgana Camargo
Published: July 2022

Entre narrativas religiosas que sustentam um lugar de “naturalidade” das relações e identidades de gênero, acordos societários que reafirmam lógicas/sistemas (cis)normativos, agendas políticas reacionárias antigênero nacionais e internacionais e uma demanda social de grupos vinculados a identidades de gênero não normativas, emergem cenários de disputa política que reconfiguram aspectos os embates estabelecidos no campo do discurso. A perspectiva do sintagma da “Ideologia de Gênero” arma-se de novos dispositivos para estabelecer sua lógica de valores tidos como “universais”. Neste contexto, este estudo busca entender como tais trajetos percorrem construções históricas e (re)aparecem no contexto político brasileiro contemporâneo, com presença destes dispositivos discursivos para disputar significações em torno das diversidades e relações de gênero(s). Através de um diálogo com diferentes Projetos de Lei, busca-se expandir a compreensão sobre como tais retóricas emergem na prática política de atores vinculados a partidos conservadores e reacionários, nos cenários da “proibição da linguagem neutra”.
Forensic and Pharmaceutical, Criminal and Legal, Social and Economic Study of the Conditions, that Cause Bribery Corruption in the System of Legal Relations "Doctor-Patient-Investigator-Lawyer"
Authors: Shapovalov Valentyn , Veits Oleksandr
Published: July 2022

Based on the forensic and pharmaceutical, criminal and legal, social and economic research, analyzed the reasons and conditions causing bribery in the field of healthcare, committed by doctors who were officials. The analysis of the forensic and pharmaceutical practice on reports of the medical expertise commission showed that there is no information about the participation of lawyers in the system of legal relations "doctor-patient-investigator-lawyer". The obtained conclusions indicate that it is necessary to increase the level of advocacy during the investigation of criminal cases at the pre-trial and judicial investigation. In addition, in order to strengthen information co-operation between doctors and officials of healthcare institutions concerning the improvement of qualifications in matters of medical and pharmaceutical law of Ukraine, necessary measures were proposed. Normative initiatives to increase the level of criminal responsibility were given. Recommended to the leadership of the KhMAPE and Public Organization "Association of Medical and Pharmaceutical Law" to appeal with a corresponding initiative to the Ministry of Health of Ukraine, the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine, the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine, the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine to prevent the causes and conditions that cause bribery among communal non-profit enterprises – healthcare institutions.
Grassroots Party Organizations Practice the Mass Line in the New Era: Predicament and Outlet
Authors: Jian Xu
Published: July 2022

The mass line is the lifeline and the fundamental work line of the Communist Party of China. Since the 18th NATIONAL Congress of the CPC, socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era, and the practice of the mass line by primary-level Party organizations for the new era has new connotation and practical requirements. Therefore, grassroots Party organizations should adhere to the idea of "people-centered", strengthen the construction of party-mass communication system, take the "integration of the new three social organizations" as the starting point, and scientifically use information technology to actively explore and practice the optimization path of the mass line in the new era, and fully transform the mass line system into grass-roots governance efficiency.
A Review of Emergency Language Service from an Intercultural Perspective
Authors: Yao Chunyu
Published: July 2022

Emergency language service plays an indispensable role in effective emergency management when dealing with public health crisis like COVID-19. As an emerging research focus in the field of applied linguistics and emergency management, emergency language service has received great attention of scholars from across the world. Drawing on the studies of emergency language service in the existent literature and practices in different contexts, this article firstly reviews a variety of definitions, research subject and range of emergency language service. Then, a comparative analysis of emergency language services in the US, Japan and China is carried out. Finally, the article points out the limitations of studies of emergency language service in the existing literature and puts forward some suggestions for future research.
Theoretical Overview and Application Communicative Language Teaching, And Intercultural Language Learning/Teaching
Authors: Xu Xianzong
Published: July 2022

This article discusses the application of communicative language teaching and intercultural language teaching in today's English classroom. Based on the author's own teaching experience, this paper studies the articles of some former scholars and summarizes some practical teaching skills and ways to improve language classrooms.
The Life Connotation of Taoist Culture to Solve the Problem of the Value of Life in Today's Society
Authors: Zhang Bolun , Zhang Xueni , Peng Mengtian , Xu Ying
Published: July 2022

The Taoist culture is a precious cultural heritage of the Chinese nation, but in today's era of weak life, how to guide citizens to understand the Taoist culture, understand the true meaning of "your birth, born again", the Taoist culture in the idea of respect for life, love life by heart, externalized in line, to improve the quality of the citizens, strengthen social stability is particularly important. Taoism's idea of "being indifferent to fame and wealth" is also a good medicine for today's society, which provides a better perspective for in-depth study of Taoist culture and a feasible way to promote Taoist culture.
Analysis on the Influence Factors of Urban Women's Willingness to Have More Than One Child
Authors: Liu Wei
Published: July 2022

Since the country released the three-child policy last year, the smooth implementation of the three-child policy has attracted much attention from all walks of life. Cities also immediately conducted a survey on the fertility willingness of the right-aged population, and the results were not as high as expected. Therefore, it is necessary to clarify the factors that influence urban women's willingness to have more children.
The Self-value Construction of Female Characters in Hidden Figures from the Perspective of Feminism
Authors: Meng Ou
Published: July 2022

The Feminist criticism theory, which originated in the 1960s, is a literary criticism theory that interprets literary and cultural phenomena with female gender consciousness as its focus. The theory of criticism has gradually penetrated from political life to all aspects of culture, economy and social life, and has exerted a profound influence in the field of film. Film hidden figure depicts three women from 7 to revolt, from weak to strong career growth process, in the male-dominated field of science and technology have the courage to explore and create our own a piece of heaven and earth, through the career women are the epitome of difficulties and resistance, shows the wisdom of women dried fruits and individual consciousness. From the perspective of feminist criticism, Text Tong explores the self-worth construction process and important influence of the three women in Hidden Figures.
A Corpus-Based Analysis of Chinese Character Errors
Authors: Zhang Ming , Zhang Yang
Published: July 2022

Based on the corpus, this research conducts a systematic statistical and analysis on the types of Chinese characters errors of Chinese learners from different countries. It is found that errors of traditional Chinese characters are the main types of learners from Philippines, Indo-European language countries and Sino-Tibetan language countries. Learners from Japan, South Korea and North Korea have the highest frequency of wrongly written characters. To know the frequency of various types of errors in learners with different native language backgrounds could provide reference for the teaching of Chinese characters as a second language.
Research on Improving the Effectiveness of Human Resource Management in Universities in Underdeveloped Areas
Authors: Wei Jinling
Published: July 2022

The current competition between colleges and universities is actually the competition between talents. At present, there are some problems in the management of talent resources in Colleges and universities in underdeveloped areas, such as the difficulty of talent introduction, the low level of talent education, and the inability to retain talents. This article explore ways to establish a new concept of human resource management, school human resource management service school strategic planning, reform the evaluation and incentive mechanism of human resources, pay attention to teachers' career management, provide multi-level teacher training, and improve the efficiency of human resource management in Colleges and universities in underdeveloped areas.
A Study of The Neo-confucian Mencius View in Chinese Philosophy
Authors: He Tao
Published: July 2022

First, the relevant categories are defined, and the research status is summarized. Then, to the new Confucianism of the Republic of China mencius view of the formation of the social historical background and political background, do a general exposition. Moreover, the author makes a case analysis of the mencius view of the three representatives of the newly emerged Confucian school in the Republic of China. Xiong Shili's view of Mencius was formed in the system of "new only knowledge", in which the inner sage and the outer king were promoted simultaneously, which made up Liang's hole in the cultivation of kung fu but failed to specify how to "open up the new". Feng Yulan interprets Mencius' thought mainly in his "Three Histories" and "Six Books" and reveals the other aspect of his philosophical methodology, namely, the return to intuition, by the "negative method". Finally, the author expounds the views of Mencius of other neo-Confucian scholars in the Republic of China (including Zhang Junli, He Lin, Qian Mu, etc.). Through the in-depth study of the concept of Mencius in the Neo-Confucianism of the Republic of China, we can not only master the mental schema of the neo-Confucianism of the Republic of China through its various concepts of Mencius but also see the new orientation and development trend of the concept of Mencius in the Period of the Republic of China through the development of the thinking mode of Mencius in the neo-Confucianism of the Republic of China.
CONTATTO TRA ITALIANO E SPAGNOLO IN CONTESTO MIGRATORIO: IL RUOLO DEI SEGNALI DISCORSIVI
Authors: Paone Emanuela , Frontera Manuela
Published: July 2022

Il presente lavoro propone un’indagine quali-quantitativa riguardante la funzione comunicativa dei segnali discorsivi (SD) presenti nel parlato di un gruppo italo-argentino di origine calabrese emigrato negli anni Cinquanta del secolo scorso. La ristrutturazione del loro repertorio plurilingue si manifesta in una pratica comunicativa caratterizzata da fenomeni di commutazione, enunciazione mistilingue, ricorso a prestiti e calchi che testimoniano un’erosione della lingua etnica (dialetti calabresi) e dell’italiano. Pertanto, si è ritenuto interessante verificare la resa dei SD nella produzione di quello che è stato definito il loro continuo linguistico di eredità ipotizzando che nella prassi comunicativa alcuni SD nelle varietà d’eredità culturale (italiano e dialetti) possano essere stati sostituiti o alternati con SD spagnoli con analoghe forme o funzioni. Lo studio mira dunque a verificare: a) in quali codici sono espressi i SD; b) quali funzioni questi ricoprono; c) quali sono i SD maggiormente oggetto di resa bilingue. I risultati mostrano una prevalenza globale di SD in lingua italiana e una interessante distribuzione funzionale dei SD sulla base del codice adottato con il frequente ricorso a SD del codice pragmaticamente dominante (lo spagnolo) nel caso di funzioni prevalentemente interazionali.
 
Italian-Spanish contact in a migratory context: the role of discourse markers
This paper proposes a qualitative and quantitative investigation on the communicative function of discourse markers (DMs) in the speech of an Italian-Argentinian group of Calabrian origin, who emigrated in the 1950s. The restructuring of their multilingual repertoire reflects itself in the communicative practice characterized by code-switching and mixing phenomena, as well as loanwords and calques, that testify some kind of erosion both of informants’ ethnic varieties (Calabrian dialects) and of Italian. Therefore, it was worth focusing on DMs renderings within their heritage linguistic continuum. It was hypothesized that in the communicative practices of our speakers, some Italian and dialectal DMs may have been replaced or alternated with Spanish DMs with similar forms or functions. The study aims at verifying: a) which DMs are expressed in which language; b) what function they have; c) which DMs are most subject to turn out in bilingual outcomes. The results show an overall prevalence of Italian DMs and a striking a functional distribution of DMs related to the language. In particular, the pragmatically dominant code (Spanish) considerably prevails in interactional DMs.
Joan Roís de Corella, «Parlament en casa de Berenguer mercader». Edizione critica
Authors: Annicchiarico Annamaria
Published: July 2022

Riassunto: Si tratta dell’edizione critica di una delle nove Faules mitologiche di Corella, uno degli autori chiave dei secoli d’oro della letteratura catalana medievale. Le favole, pezzo forte della sua produzione in prosa, rappresentano un momento fondamentale della ricezione di Ovidio nel contesto iberico. Al loro interno, il Parlament è la più estesa e, forse, la più ricca di aspetti interessanti. Si tratta di un ‘convivio’ cui partecipano l’autore, nella veste fittizia di ‘coronista’, regista e trascrittore, e cinque esponenti della élite valenciana che narrano (‘recitano’) cinque miti. Due dei quali particolarmente cari alla civiltà letteraria romanza: il mito di Narciso e quello di Philomena. In quanto strutturato come ‘convivio’, il testo testimonia di un modo di vivere–condividere concretamente, in modo sia pur fittizio, la letteratura. Un esempio di letteratura ‘agita’, in una perfetta ‘eutrapelica’ armonia, fra amicizie d’elezione; che si spendono in un esercizio di alt e gentil estil, che si commuovono ascoltandosi reciprocamente, che condividono la com-passione per amori infelici e la riprovazione per quelli illeciti. Un testo che per la sua struttura (convito–‘cornice’ conviviale) si ancora ai modelli classici e medievali  della letteratura simposiale, e, nel contempo, si pone sulla traiettoria che sfocia nella ‘civil conversazione’ rinascimentale. L’Introduzione ne illustra le peculiarità: la struttura dialogica, i referenti letterari, le coordinate estetico–ideologiche. A seguire il Testo: ricostruito fondamentalmente sulla lezione del ms. R. 14.17 del Trinity College, è corredato da una annotazione a piè di pagina che ha la funzione di dar conto degli emendamenti, di evidenziare le varianti del ms. Maians 728 significative anche come possibili varianti d’autore, di segnalare i casi di divergenza di lettura rispetto alle edizioni precedenti. A seguire, infine, l’Apparato e la Bibliografia.
El exemplum en la tradición epistolar castellana
Authors: Bizzarri Hugo Óscar
Published: July 2022

El presente trabajo plantea los lazos que a lo largo de toda la Edad Media han tenido la tradición del exemplum y la epistolar. Partiendo de una revisión de lo que estipulaban las artes dictaminis sobre el uso de proverbios y exemplay como rasgo de ciceronianismo, se observa que a lo largo de toda la tradición epistolar el relato breve fue un recurso retórico recurrente. No es necesario esperar al siglo XV –momento de mayor auge de la epistolografía– para hallar este cruce. Por tanto, se pasa revista tanto a la epistolografía del siglo XIV como a la del XV. La diferencia entre ambos períodos no está dada en la mayor o menos abundancia de esta técnica, sino en el tipo de relatos que se insertaron en las cartas. La tradición de Valerio Máximo o el relato histórico ganaron terreno en el siglo XV, mientras que la de la fábula fue más abundante en el período precedente. Lejos de agotar el tema, este artículo ofrece unos primeros lineamientos de una conexión que vale la pena explorar.
Nomi di varietà di uve da una raccolta ampelografica ottocentesca
Authors: Ghia Alberto
Published: July 2022

Il contributo mira ad approfondire lo studio del lessico vitivinicolo italiano, con particolare riferimento all’ampelonimia. Si è costituito un corpus di denominazioni di varietà e sottovarietà di uve, provenienti da un’ampelografia di inizio Ottocento, che sono state analizzate da un punto di vista morfo-sintattico, semantico-motivazionale e variazionale.
Entry of Indian Millennials into Stock Market Post Pandemic: A Boon or Bane
Authors:   UG Student, Amity Law School, Amity University, Noida (U.P), India., Rana Rajat
Published: July 2022

Since the pandemic pushed the economy to its knees, India’s youth population has been fueling a boom in the country’s investing environment, with millions of people switching to stock trading. Millennials in the country have been slowly buying equities, mirroring trends found in the United States and other major economies, as salary cuts, job losses, economic troubles, and increasing time at home have prompted the search for new sources of income. CDSL (Central Depositories Services I Ltd), one of India’s main securities depositories, reported a near 20% increase in new accounts in the six months after India imposed its first wave of coronavirus lockdowns, totaling more than 2.5 crores.
Kanser Epidemiyolojisi
Authors: Baran Deniz Emine
Published: July 2022

Sağlık alanında her kademede geçerliliği olan sağlık okuryazarlığı kavramının kişilerin tam iyilik haline katkısı yadsınamaz bir gerçektir. DSÖ, 1974’lü yıllarda sağlık okuryazarlığını “Bireylerin, hayatlarını sağlıklı geçirebilmeleri için sağlığın korunması ve sağlıklı halin sürdürülmesi için bir bireyin sağlık bilgisine ulaşma, anlama ve kullanma becerilerinin hepsi” olarak tanımlamıştır (1,2). Birinci basamak sağlık hizmetlerinden üçüncü basamak ve palyatif hizmetlere kadar tüm basamaklar sağlık okuryazarlığından beslenebilmektedir. Bu sebeple sağlık okuryazarlık düzeyinin düşük veya yetersiz olması sağlık sistemini olumsuz etkileyebilmektedir. Birinci basamak sağlık
hizmetlerinin bileşenlerinden birisi de koruyucu sağlık hizmetleridir. Risk faktörleri yokken ve/veya varken, hastalıkları erken zamanda tespit etmek ve erken tedavi etmek gibi hizmetlerin hepsine koruyucu sağlık hizmetleri denir. Kanser taramaları da en önemli koruyucu sağlık hizmetlerinden biridir. Kanserlerin mortalite ve morbidite düzeylerinin yüksek olmasıyla beraber erkenden tanımlanabilmesi de mümkündür. Bu sebeple kanser tarama programları hem bireysel hem de toplumsal sağlık açısından önem arz eder. Yetersiz düzeyde sağlık okuryazarlığı koruyucu sağlık hizmetlerinde de aksamalara sebep olmaktadır. Sağlık okuryazarlık düzeyi yetersiz olan bireylerin daha az oranda kanser tarama programlarına başvurmaları hem bireysel sağlık hem de toplumsal sağlık hem de maliyet açısından sosyal sağlıkta olumsuz sonuçları beraberinde getirmektedir.
Dijital Sağlık Takibi ve Sağlık Okuryazarlığı
Authors: Geroğlu Berk
Published: July 2022

Dijital sağlık, sağlıkla ilgili hizmet ve süreçlerde bilgi ve iletişim teknolojilerinin kullanımı için genel bir şemsiye terim olarak ifade edilmektedir (tele tıp, tele sağlık, tele farmasi, mobil sağlık vb.) (1). Yapay zeka, mobil uygulamalar ve giyilebilir teknolojiler gibi birçok kavram da dijital sağlık içerisinde ele alınabilir. Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (DSÖ), sağlıklı ve iyi olma haline küresel düzeyde erişimi hızlandırmak için dijital teknolojilerin ve sağlık inovasyonunun gücünden yararlanmaktadır. DSÖ Türkiye Ofisi Göçmen Sağlığı Programı, ana ortağı olan T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı ile göçmenlerde sağlık okuryazarlığını arttırmaya yönelik bazı dijital sağlık pilot uygulamaları yapmaktadır.
Co „Napolion” mógł zobaczyć w Ciechanowie
Authors: Małowiecki Ryszard
Published: July 2022

Artykuł jest próbą przedstawienia materialnego krajobrazu kulturowego (wyglądu) Ciechanowa w grudniu 1806 r., w czasie wjazdu Napoleona Bonaparte do tego miasta. Wykorzystane zostały dostępne publikacje oraz archiwalia, głównie przechowywane w Archiwum Głównym Akt Dawnych w Warszawie i w archiwum w Mławie. Niniejsze opracowanie można uznać za szkic, który zapewne mógłby być rozbudowany po szczegółowych kwerendach w archiwum w Białymstoku, w archiwach niemieckich oraz po pogłębionym rozpoznaniu francuskich dokumentów (pamiętniki, korespondencja) tyczących się północnego Mazowsza w 1806–1807 r.
Vitamin Therapy and its Role in Repletion of Neurological Deficits
Authors: Ahmedkhanov Azamat , Sefikhanov Magomed
Published: July 2022

The article discusses the features of the role of vitamin therapy in the repletion of neurological deficits. The authors
point out that the studied literature indicates that vitamin D deficiency in certain cases is a negative factor that directly
affects the development of diabetes and related diseases. The conducted studies of various types and volumes allow
us to conclude that the attention paid to vitamin therapy in medicine today is not enough, since achieving a balance of
certain vitamins in the body can reduce the risk of certain diseases, as well as improve the quality of life of patients.
Comparative empathy in male and female medical students: A cross-sectional, online, and survey-based study
Authors: Mishra Shree , Rout Rabinarayan , Mandal Lopamudra , Barik Priyaranjan , Dixit Sanjukta
Published: July 2022

Background: Empathy is a capability of a person to observe a subject and recognize and briefly feels the subject’s emotional state based on visual and aural inputs. Empathy is an important quality for doctors as they are involved in patient care.

Aims and Objectives: We aimed to assess the level of empathy in a sample of students studying MBBS and compare the empathy according to gender.

Materials and Methods: This study was a cross-sectional observational study carried out by an online survey. Medical students of our college were invited to participate in this survey. We collected data from up to 50 males and 50 females for a comparative test. The eight-item form of the empathy quotient-8 was used to assess the level of empathy among students. Scores between male and female students were compared by unpaired t-test.

Result: A total of 50 males and 50 females participated in this study. Their mean age was 20.12 ± 2.14 years. One-sample t-test showed that overall students have more than average level of empathy. The gender-wise comparison showed that there was no difference in empathy between male and female students.

Conclusion: From this study, we can conclude that medical students have more than average level of empathy and there is no gender difference in the level of empathy. However, this was an experience from a single institution. Further studies may be conducted to ascertain the level and comparative level of empathy between males and females with a large sample taken from different Indian states.
Study of prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of organisms isolated from various clinical specimen of the patients admitted in intensive care unit of tertiary care hospital
Authors: Chaudhari Devanshi , Bhavsar Hardik , Thummar Sagar , Shah Urvesh
Published: July 2022

Background: Mostly intensive care unit (ICU) patients are more susceptible to nosocomial infections caused by hospital-based various strains of bacteria and other opportunistic pathogens. Due to the widespread use of broad-spectrum antibiotics, these strains of pathogens are often multi-drug resistant. To prevent resistance against the antimicrobial agent various departments of the health care system have to work together, so we can use the antimicrobial agents as effectively as we can to treat illnesses.

Aim and Objectives: The objective of this study was to know the prevalence of different micro-organisms causing infections in ICU and their sensitivity and resistance pattern and to determine the overall microbiological and resistance profile which helps formulate therapeutic guidelines in ICU.

Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care teaching hospital in Ahmedabad to assess the culture and sensitivity pattern of clinical samples such as blood, urine, sputum, wound, and endotracheal aspiration for a 1-year duration (August 2019 - August 2020).

Results: A total of 941 samples were received for microbiological investigation from ICU, out of which 322 were positive. The Utmost isolated organism was - Klebsiella (37.26%) followed by Escherichia coli (16.45%), Pseudomonas (12.42%), and Staphylococcus aureus (7.45%). The Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) were most sensitive to drugs like colistin (96.26% %) and tigecycline (83.40%) followed by carbapenems (71.79%), aminoglycosides (71.36%), and fluoroquinolones (67.21%). More sensitive drugs for isolated Gram-positive organisms were linezolid (100%) followed by teicoplanin (98.41%) and vancomycin (98.41%).

Conclusion: High prevalence of multidrug-resistant organisms such as methicillin-resistant S. aureus, vancomycin-resistant enterococci and GNB producing Extended-spectrum Beta-lactamase, AmpC, or carbapenem-resistant GNB in our study, raise serious concerns about antibiotic resistance. The main reason for increasing antimicrobial-resistant bacteria is poor infection control practices and inappropriate use of antibiotics. Hence, research regarding antibiotic sensitivity and resistance will be very helpful for doctors to initiate appropriate empirical antibiotics in treating critical illnesses.
Addendum to Diercks et al., 2021: A model for the formation of the Pradol (Pradolino) dry valley in W Slovenia and NE Italy
Authors: DIERCKS Manuel , GRÜTZNER Christoph , VRABEC Marko , USTASZEWSKI Kamil
Published: July 2022

In our paper Diercks et al. (2021) we presented geomorphological data and field observations from W Slovenia and NE Italy to develop a model for the formation of the Pradolino (slov. Pradol) dry valley. After publication we were kindly pointed to existing studies on the area that we were unaware of. To fill that gap and to properly credit previous work, in this addendum we summarise the research history on the study area and briefly compare earlier views with our model.
The effect of lowering cholesterol through diet on serum prostate-specific antigen levels: A secondary analysis of clinical trials
Authors: Jayalath Viranda H. , Lajkosz Katherine , Fleshner Neil E. , Hamilton Robert J. , Jenkins David J.A.
Published: July 2022

Importance: Statins appear to lower serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and improve prostate cancer (PCa) outcomes through cholesterol-dependent and independent mechanisms. While dietary modifications have an established role in serum cholesterol reduction, whether diet-driven cholesterol reductions yield similar PCa benefits to that observed with statins is unclear. We aimed to study the effect of diet-driven cholesterol reduction on serum PSA and estimated-PCa risk.
Methods: A total of 291 men from six published randomized controlled trials of dietary interventions were included. Men were aged ≥40 years, free of PCa, and had baseline PSA <10.0 ng/mL. Participants received one of four diets (high-fiber, low-glycemic index, low-glycemic load, or cholesterol-lowering) for 8–24 weeks. The primary outcome evaluated the association between change from baseline low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and PSA. How cholesterol reduction modified PCa risk was estimated using the Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial (PCPT) risk calculator (limited to age ≥55 years, baseline PSA ≥1.0 ng/mL).
Results: Baseline PSA was 0.90 ng/mL (interquartile range [IQR] 0.55–1.60) and LDL-C was 90 mg/dL (IQR 69–125). In multivariate regression, PSA decreased 1.9% (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.55–3.2, p=0.005) per 10% reduction in LDL-C. This regression was greater in men with baseline PSA ≥2.0 ng/mL (-5.4%, 95% CI 2.2–8.6] per 10% LDL-C reduction, p-interaction=0.001). In men with estimable PCPT risk, statin-comparable LDL-C reductions (≥15%) reduced PSA by 12% (p<0.001) and estimated PCa risk by 6.5% (p=0.005).
Conclusions: This is the first study to show that serum cholesterol reduction through dietary interventions significantly lowered serum PSA and estimated PCa risk. Whether cholesterol-lowering diets improve PCa outcomes warrants investigation.
On the role of the US in EU-Japan relations: Is trilateralism still on agenda?
Authors: Chizhevskaya M. P.
Published: July 2022

This article is devoted to analyzing the contemporary configuration of relations inside the triad of the US, the European Union, and Japan, often addressed to as trilateral relations. The ‘three pillars’ theory, which is acknowledged to be a root of the trilateralism concept, was originally introduced by the Japanese Prime Minister Ikeda Hayato during his visit to Paris in 1962. Later, in the 1980s, it was developed by the Japanese diplomat Owada Hisashi, known for his active participation in the Hague declaration preparatory process. This concept was widely used by researchers in the 1990–2000s to explain current EU-Japan relations and their place in world politics. Indeed, it seems natural to develop cooperation between the participants of the so-called ‘triangle’, which dominated the world economically and shared common values of democracy, human rights, and free trade. Meanwhile, although the Transatlantic and Transpacific relations were highly developed due to security cooperation, the Japan-EU relations during the whole post-war period were far less advanced and thus were often called a ‘weak side’ of the triangle. Today, when the US is actively promoting new alliances in the Indo-Pacific region, engaging Australia and India, and the economic predominance of the three economies is challenged by China, addressing this triangle scheme as a working political relations model can be put in doubt.

The article argues that, presently, it is difficult to interpret the triangle as a working political model, which is characterized by mutual interdependence of the three engaging actors. The author looks at the roots of this concept, analyzes the reasons why it was the Japanese side who offered such a vision of the US-EC-Japan relations, the role of the US in Japan-Western Europe relations. After considering the decisions of the D. Trump and J. Biden administrations towards their ‘junior partners’, the author concludes that inconsistent, difficult to forecast policy of the Trump administration led to the strengthening of the EU-Japan relationship, which gives reason to point to a certain extent of interdependence between the participants of the triangle. However, the Biden administration’s policy, which seems to be more consistent, but short of idealism towards its allies, has not significantly influenced the EU-Japan relations so far. Rather, it opened the way to search for new partnerships. The conclusion of a defense pact between Japan and Australia in January 2022 is a good example of this process, showing that the partners’ choice is dictated not by a necessity to develop ‘trilateral’ relations, but by pragmatic assessment of effectiveness of this or that partnership.
Manifestasi Okular Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Klinis dan pencegahan
Authors: Priscilia Florentina , Iskandar Ferdy , Larasati Fadima Fitri , Permanik Gustiandari Fidhya
Published: July 2022

Pandemi global Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) memiliki gejala utama batuk, demam, kelelahan, sesak napas, dan gejala respiratori lainnya. Didapatkan kasus pasien COVID-19 yang memiliki keluhan okular seperti konjungtivitis. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), yang merupakan reseptor SARS-CoV-2 juga didapatkan pada sel epitel konjungtiva dan kornea manusia, sehingga memungkinkan transmisi melalui okular. Tatalaksana gejala okular pada COVID-19 hingga saat ini masih terus dikembangkan serta diuji coba.

The Global Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has cough, fever, fatigue, shortness of breath, and other respiratory symptoms as the main symptoms. There were cases of COVID-19 patients with ocular complaints such as conjunctivitis. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) – SARS-CoV-2 receptor, is also found in human conjunctival and corneal epithelial cells, thus allowing ocular transmission. Treatment for ocular symptoms in COVID-19 are still being developed and tested.
Teknik Diagnostik dan Staging Melanoma Maligna Kutaneus
Authors: Chandra Rudi
Published: July 2022

Melanoma maligna merupakan keganasan sel-sel penghasil pigmen (melanosit) yang terletak terutama di kulit. Tujuan setiap alat diagnostik adalah deteksi dini dan membedakan lesi jinak dan ganas, dengan sensitivitas dan spesifisitas tinggi. Diagnosis melanoma klinis dapat menggunakan Glasgow 7-point checklist, checklist ABCD, total-body photography, dan dermoskopi. Diagnosis histopatologi merupakan pemeriksaan baku emas untuk diagnosis. Diagnosis molekular dengan menilai status mutasi BRAF V600, MEK, NRAS, dan CKIT. Sedangkan teknik staging TNM menggunakan modalitas pencitraan lanjutan dengan kontras intravena, seperti computed tomography (CT) atau fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-based positron emission tomography (PET) CT scan, dan pemeriksaan sentinel nodus lymphatic.

Malignant melanoma is a malignancy in pigments producing cells (melanocytes), located mainly in the skin. The aim of each diagnostic tool is early detection and differentiating benign and malignant lesions with high sensitivity and specificity. Clinical diagnosis can use the Glasgow 7-point checklist, ABCD checklist, total-body photography, and dermoscopy. Histopathological examination is a gold standard for diagnosis. Molecular diagnosis is done by assessing the status of mutations of BRAF V600, MEK, NRAS, and CKIT. Diagnostic techniques in melanoma TNM staging system use advanced imaging modalities with intravenous contrast, such as computed tomography (CT) or fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-based positron emission tomography (PET) CT scans, and examination of sentinel lymphatic lymph nodes. Rudi Chandra.
Antenatal Care for High Risk Pregnancy
Authors: Sungkar Ali , Surya Raymond
Published: July 2022

Despite 38% gradual fall since 2000, there was still approximately 295,000 women died during and following pregnancy and childbirth in 2017. Factors that lead to high maternal mortality include inequality access to health service, severe bleeding (mostly postpartum hemorrhage), infection, high blood pressure during pregnancy, complication from delivery, and unsafe abortion. These deaths are correlated to delay in decision to seek care, delay in reaching care, delay in receiving adequate health care. Improvement of antenatal care was the solution to this problem. Indonesia has not updated to the newest model of WHO antenatal care in 2016. Defining high-risk and updating the model can help Indonesia provides excellent care for mothers and reduce maternal deaths.

Meskipun terdapat penurunan angka kematian ibu (AKI) sebesar 38% sejak tahun 2000, 295.000 wanita meninggal peripartum pada tahun 2017. Faktor yang menyebabkan AKI di antaranya tidak meratanya akses pelayanan kesehatan, perdarahan berat, infeksi, tekanan darah tinggi selama kehamilan, komplikasi persalinan, dan aborsi tidak aman. Kematian ini terkait dengan keterlambatan keputusan untuk merujuk, keterlambatan untuk mencapai tempat rujukan, dan keterlambatan mendapatkan tatalaksana yang baik. Hingga saat ini, Indonesia belum mengikuti panduan kunjungan antenatal terbaru dari WHO tahun 2016. Mendefinisikan kehamilan risiko tinggi dan penyesuaian model kunjungan antenatal diharapkan dapat memberikan perawatan yang baik bagi ibu dan menurunkan kematian maternal.

 
Gunakan Insulin dengan CERMAT
Authors: Lukito Johan Indra
Published: July 2022

Insulin digunakan sebagai salah satu terapi diabetes melitus (DM). Penderita DM dan keluarganya perlu mendapat edukasi tentang penggunaan insulin. Penulis menyusun sebuah mnemonik untuk membantu pasien dan keluarganya mengingat hal-hal penting terkait penggunaan insulin. Mnemonik ini berupa slogan “Gunakan Insulin dengan CERMAT”.

Insulin is used for diabetes mellitus (DM) therapy. DM sufferers and their families need to be educated on using insulin to control their blood glucose levels. The author suggested a mnemonic to help patients and their families remember essential points related to insulin use. This mnemonic is "Use Insulin with CERMAT".

 
Manifestasi Klinis COVID-19 Pada Kulit
Authors: Amalia Irma
Published: July 2022

Penyakit Corona Virus 2019 (COVID-19) tidak hanya menimbulkan gejala pada sistem respirasi; tetapi juga dapat manifestasi pada kulit seperti ruam makulopapular, urtikaria, vesikular, covid toes, livedo racemosa, dan alopesia androgenetik. Manifestasi kulit tersebut diharapkan dapat membantu klinisi untuk mendiagnosis dini COVID-19.

Corona Virus 2019 (COVID-19) is not only affected respiratory system; it can also have cutaneous manifestation such as maculopapular rash, urticaria, vesikular, covid toes, livedo racemosa, and androgenetic alopecia. These cutaneous manifestations can help clinicians to make early diagnosis of COVID-19.
Faktor-Faktor yang Memengaruhi Pigmentasi Manusia
Authors: Suryani Adelia
Published: July 2022

Warna kulit manusia ditentukan oleh pigmen kulit yakni melanin. Melanin juga memiliki beberapa fungsi penting, yakni berperan pada proses pigmentasi, melindungi kulit dari sinar UV dan perlindungan dari panas.

Human skin color is determined by the skin pigment melanin. Melanin has several important role: in pigmentation process, UV and heat protection
Keracunan Tanaman Kecubung
Authors: Mahendrakrisna Daniel , Al Firdausi Khadijah Nur
Published: July 2022

Keracunan tanaman Datura stramonium atau yang dikenal sebagai tanaman kecubung perlu mendapatkan perhatian. Tanaman ini mudah ditemukan; dapat disalahgunakan sebagai zat psikotropika. Gejala klinis kasus ini adalah gejala peningkatan saraf parasimpatis berupa midriasis, kulit kering, takikardia. Tatalaksana keracunan tanaman Kecubung suportif, umumnya akan membaik sendiri; jika berat dapat diberi reversible cholinesterase inhibitor seperti physostigmine.

Datura stramonium, known as Kecubung flower in Indonesia, is a plant often used as a medicine; this plant is also often abused as psychotropics. The clinical symptoms in this case are increased parasympathetic activities such as mydriasis, dry skin, and tachycardia. Datura intoxication treatment is supportive. In severe cases, reversible cholinesterase inhibitor such as physostigmine should be used.
Tatalaksana Herpes Genitalis pada Kehamilan
Authors: Triana Agung , Dyah Ayu Ardelia , Zulfikar Dendy , Yustin Endra
Published: July 2022

Herpes simplex virus (HSV) adalah penyebab herpes genitalis (HG). Perubahan imunologi saat kehamilan akan meningkatkan kerentanan terhadap infeksi HSV yang merupakan penyebab morbiditas dan mortalitas ibu dan janin. Pengaruh infeksi ini pada ibu dan janin/neonatus tergantung apakah infeksi primer (inisial) atau rekuren. Penentuan episode infeksi HG penting baik untuk tatalaksana maupun edukasi pasien.

Genital herpes is caused by Herpes simplex virus (HSV). Immunologic changes in pregnancy may increase susceptibility to HSV infection as one of the major cause of morbidity and mortality for both mother and fetus. The effect to the mother and fetus/ neonate depends on whether a primary infection (initial) or a recurrent infection. Determination of an episode of genital herpes is important to provide best management and education.

 
Persepsi Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Tanjungpura Mengenai Konsep Profesionalisme Dokter
Authors: Purwanti Melvy , Armyanti Ita , Asroruddin Muhammad
Published: July 2022

Latar Belakang: Salah satu standar kompetensi dokter lulusan Indonesia adalah profesionalisme; usaha pembelajaran profesionalisme sangat tepat jika dimulai sejak dini. Tujuan: Mengetahui persepsi mahasiswa kedokteran Prodi Kedokteran FK UNTAN tahap akademik dan profesi tentang konsep profesionalisme dokter. Metodologi: Penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan wawancara mendalam. Pemilihan sampel menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Responden berjumlah 10 orang mahasiswa. Analisis data dengan analisis tematik. Hasil: Sebanyak 7 dari total 10 responden (70%) mendefinisikan profesionalisme dokter yaitu seorang dokter yang bekerja sesuai standar profesi dokter. Mengenai persepsi atribut perilaku profesionalisme, 7 responden (70%) menyatakan bahwa dokter yang profesional harus memiliki tanggung jawab. Seluruh responden menyatakan prinsip pembelajaran profesionalisme yaitu dilatih dan diterapkan sejak mahasiswa akademik-profesi hingga menjadi dokter serta terintegrasi dengan kurikulum. Sebanyak 5 responden (50%) menyatakan peran penting profesionalisme pada pendidikan kedokteran yaitu belajar profesionalisme agar terbiasa saat menjadi dokter. Simpulan: Profesionalisme dalam kedokteran perlu diperkenalkan kepada mahasiswa sejak dini. Pendidikan profesionalisme juga harus dengan pengarahan dan bimbingan.

Background: One of the standard of competencies of Indonesian Doctor is professionalism. Professionalism is obligatory for all doctors and this competence can be acquired at early phase. Objective: This paper aims to identify the perceptions of academic and profession stage medical students in Tanjungpura University on the concept of doctor’s professionalism. Methodology: This paper was a descriptive qualitative with in-depth interview. Ten participants were selected through purposive sampling method. Data were analysed thematically. Results: Seven of 10 participants (70%) defined doctor’s professionalism as work according to the standards of doctor profession. Seven (70%) participants stated that a professional doctor must have a sense of responsibility. All participants indicated that professionalism training should begin in academic-profession level. Five respondents (50%) stated the important role of professionalism in medical education, namely learning professionalism to get used to being a doctor. Conclusion: In medical faculty, professionalism should be introduced as early as possible.

 
Kontroversi Persalinan Spontan pada Miopia Tinggi
Authors: Iskandar Ferdy , Surya Raymond , Sungkar Ali , Debby Anggriany Friska
Published: July 2022

Gangguan refraksi khususnya miopia tinggi pada wanita hamil sering dikaitkan dengan kejadian ablasio retina pasca-persalinan, sehingga persalinan per abdominam atau bantuan instrumen cenderung direkomendasikan pada wanita hamil dengan miopia tinggi. Padahal, indikasi persalinan per abdominam pada miopia tinggi adalah adanya neovaskularisasi koroid dan subretinal (dengan bintik Fuchs). Hingga saat ini belum didapatkan bukti bahwa miopia tinggi dan riwayat operasi retina sebelumnya meningkatkan risiko ablasio retina saat persalinan per vaginam.

Refractive disorders, especially high myopia in pregnant women are often associated with postpartum retinal detachment, thus there is a tendency to recommend cesarean section or instrument-assisted labor in pregnant women with high myopia. In fact, the indications for cesarean section in patients with high myopia are choroidal and subretinal neovascularization (with Fuchs spots). There is no evidence of increased risk of retinal detachment during vaginal delivery in high myopia and previous history of retinal surgery.
Tinjauan atas Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS)
Authors: Pardede Dimas Kusnugroho Bonardo
Published: July 2022

Pembedahan mayor dan beberapa protokol perawatan perioperatif konvensional dapat menyebabkan respons stres fisiologis dan deteriorasi fungsi fisiologis pascabedah. Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) merupakan perubahan paradigma perawatan perioperatif berupa pendekatan multimodal, multidisiplin, berbasis bukti dengan tujuan memperbaiki luaran klinis dan efisiensi perawatan perioperatif dengan mengurangi stres pembedahan, mempertahankan fungsi fisiologis dan mempercepat proses pemulihan. Implementasi protokol ERAS bermanfaat mengurangi morbiditas, komplikasi, durasi rawat, biaya rawat dan mortalitas jangka panjang.

Major surgery and conventional perioperative care induce physiological stress response and postoperative functional deterioration. Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) is a paradigm shift in perioperative care involving a multimodal, multidisciplinary, evidence-based approach to improve clinical outcomes and perioperative care efficiency by attenuating surgical stress, maintaining physiological function and expedite return to baseline. Implementation of ERAS protocols is beneficial in reducing morbidity, complications, length of stay, costs and long-term mortality.
Retinitis Pigmentosa
Authors: Rusli Richardo
Published: July 2022

Retinitis pigmentosa merupakan sekelompok penyakit degenerasi retina herediter yang ditandai oleh disfungsi progresif fotoreseptor disertai hilangnya sel secara progresif dan akhirnya menyebabkan atrofi beberapa lapisan retina. Beberapa kasus retinitis pigmentosa merupakan penyakit genetik yang diturunkan secara Mendel. Pada funduskopi, dapat ditemukan perubahan pigmen retina seperti bone spicules. ERG menunjukkan dominasi penurunan amplitudo gelombang-b dalam kondisi skotopik. Farmakoterapi vitamin A, Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), lutein/zeaxanthin bertujuan untuk mengurangi morbiditas dan mencegah komplikasi.

Retinitis pigmentosa is a group of hereditary retinal degeneration characterized by progressive photoreceptor dysfunction and is accompanied by progressive cell loss and eventually causes atrophy in several layers of the retina. Almost all types of retinitis pigmentosa are inherited, caused by errors in genetic information. In funduscopy, changes in retinal pigment can be found in the form of bone spicules. ERG shows a decrease in the b-wave amplitude that dominates in scotopic conditions. Pharmacotherapy such as vitamin A, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), lutein / zeaxanthin aims to reduce morbidity and prevent complications.
Diagnosis, Tatalaksana dan Pencegahan Hepatitis B dalam Kehamilan
Authors: Gozali Angelin Putri
Published: July 2022

Hepatitis adalah radang sel-sel hati, biasanya disebabkan infeksi (virus, bakteri, parasit), obat-obatan (termasuk obat tradisional), konsumsi alkohol, lemak berlebih dan penyakit autoimun. Salah satu virus penyebab hepatitis adalah Virus Hepatitis B. Diagnosis berdasarkan klinis dan laboratorium pada trimester pertama kehamilan untuk terapi dan menghindari transmisi virus dari ibu ke janin. Tinjauan ini membahas diagnosis serta penanganan hepatitis B dalam kehamilan dan pencegahan transmisi hepatitis B dari ibu ke janin.

Hepatitis is an inflammation of the liver cells, can be caused by infection (viruses, bacteria, parasites), drugs (including traditional medicine), alcohol consumption, excessive fat and autoimmune diseases. Diagnosis is based on clinical and laboratory results in the first trimester to avoid virus transmission from mother to fetus. This review discuss the diagnosis, as well as the treatment of hepatitis B in pregnancy and also the prevention of transmission of hepatitis B from mother to fetus.
Retinitis Pigmentosa pada Laki-laki 27 Tahun
Authors: Faustine Giovani , Foraldy Thendy
Published: July 2022

Retinitis pigmentosa merupakan penyakit yang dapat diturunkan secara autosomal-dominant, autosomal-recessive ataupun X-linked. Diperlukan skrining dan edukasi agar penyakit ini dapat dihadapi dengan baik. Kasus. Laki-laki usia 27 tahun dengan gejala nyctalopia, gangguan lapangan pandang, dan gambaran bone spicule pada funduskopi. Didapatkan riwayat dua orang di keluarganya memiliki keluhan sama.

Retinitis pigmentosa is an autosomal-dominant, autosomal-recessive or X-linked hereditary disease. Screening and a thorough education is needed. Case: A 27-year old male with symptoms of nyctalopia, visual field decrease, and bone spicule in funduscopy. Two other member of his family also have similar symptoms.