bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Techniques Used by Coaches to Influence Referees in Professional Team Handball
Authors: Debanne Thierry
Published: August 2014

This study is based on persuasion models (Elaboration Likelihood Model; Heuristic Model of Persuasion) and Goffman's dialogic communication approach. It focuses on the means coaches use to influence referees' decision-making during games, and seeks to identify the contextual factors (game period, opposing team, coach yellow cards) that impact the influence processing used. Influence processing is examined through an analysis of the content of the verbal and behavioral communication of professional male coaches (n = 3) recorded during 14 games through deductive then inductive approaches. The results show that: 1) contextual factors have an effect on influencing decision-making and communicating disagreements about game situations; 2) coaches use technical skills more than any other means to influence referees; and 3) during the halftime break, the coaches make argued criticisms of referees' interpretation of play, while during play, coaches can influence referees' interpretation through direct speech not requiring arguments.
Perspectives on the Use of the Combined Bowling Rate in Cricket
Authors: Lemmer Hermanus H.
Published: August 2014

The combined bowling rate CBR is a well-established bowling performance measure that has been used widely to compare the performances of bowlers in limited overs matches. It can be used to compare career performances, but also to compare bowlers' performances after a short series. In such a comparison it is logical that bowlers who had bowled a very small number of overs (compared to the rest) should either not be included in the ranking because the value of CBR may be very good due to early success, or alternatively, special provision should be made for such a situation. A possible solution to this problem is to adjust the combined bowling rate to take the number of overs bowled into account, thereby making comparisons more reasonable. The purpose of this study is to propose a procedure and to determine how satisfactory this approach is.
Control and Assessment of Academic Achievements Whilst Implementing the Federal State Educational Standard of Primary General Education
Authors: Степанова  , Stepanova M.
Published: August 2014

The article considers issues of establishing control and assessment system in primary schools for protocoling pupils’ achievements in compliance

with the requirements of Federal State Educational Standard of Primary General Education. Aims of such control, conditions and basic

components of carrying out complex assessment are depicted.
Tourist industry in the Russian Federation: Challenges to state policy implementation
Authors: Смайловская Маргарита , Smaylovskaya Margarita , Морозов Владимир , Morozov Vladimir , Шестакова Светлана , Shestakova Svetlana
Published: August 2014

The article deals with the current state and the implementation prospects of the RF’s state policy for tourism. The authors demonstrate that an effective implementation of events aimed at developing Russia’s tourism potential will give an impetus to the country’s economy. The authors identify the key constrains to tourism development in the Russian Federation, and insist that more emphasis be laid on promoting public-private partnership in the sphere of tourism.
Institutionalization of student academic achievement fuzzy-logic-based control procedure
Authors: Сучилин Владимир , Suchilin Vladimir , Архипова Татьяна , Arkhipova Tatyana
Published: August 2014

The authors of the article proceed from the routine and well-established practice of using fuzzy logic for modeling and designing various systems and objects. The authors provide examples of the spheres of fuzzy set application, and refer to non-Russian experience to demonstrate that the use of fuzzy sets significantly reduces the expense that developing systems on the basis on the conventional mathematical tools incurs. The article focuses on the issue of institutionalization of student academic achievement control based on fuzzy logic, which will allow of an objective-data-driven assessment of learning outcomes. The objective data include attendance and in-class participation rates.

The focal issue of the article is regarded by the authors as a search for a solution in the framework of the expert system. The authors propose a number of heuristics for the problem area under consideration and provide information on academic achievement assessment value by the beginning of the formal examination period in terms of three rules of fuzzy inferences. The authors employed special software: MATLAB and Fuzzy Logic Toolbox. The process is interactive and serves the purpose of a general analysis of the model’s applicability and efficiency. According to the authors, the model can be further improved and fine-tuned.
A hotel school as a factor of a hotel’s resource potential development: Opportunities of and challenges to creation
Authors: Ушаков Роман , Ushakov Roman
Published: August 2014

The article deals with the challenges which Russian hotel-industry-specific higher education faces and which significantly undermine the education’s competitiveness in the educational service market in Europe and worldwide. The author identifies the key aspects of personnel training that the author sees as requiring a competition-driven revision. The research undertaken by the author has allowed him to formulate the possible solutions to the problem of low hotel resource potential. The implementation of the solutions is based on the creation of a competitive hotel-management-specific HE institution in Russia The author pays particular attention to such problems as insufficient emphasis on application, which become apparent given the employers’ readiness to provide traineeship programs for HE students; inadequate linguistic skills the students acquire in industry-specific HE institutions, which frustrates the purposes of training that is focused on communication with foreign guests; and, finally, the status value of the students of Russian HE institutions. In the author’s opinion, the problems can be solved through a creation of a new competitive HE institution which will provide high-quality linguistic training, will put emphasis on application, and will collaborate with top regional employers in terms of traineeship programs and recruitment on graduation. The whole educational process in such an institution is to be provided in English, be employer-hotel-based, and guarantee employment in the employer-hotels through a system of graduate-placement or a system of industry-commission. At the transition stage, the solutions can be implemented in the context of an existing industry-specific HE institution.
Priorities of Russian education: A historical perspective
Authors: Романова Маргарита , Romanova Margarita , Танеева Екатерина , Taneeva Ekaterina
Published: August 2014

The article studies the genesis of Russian education post the adoption of the Constitution of the Russian federation. The authors provide an evaluation of the current state of Russian education and present their personal view of the educational system improvement. The content analysis of strategic documentation – namely, the State of the Nation – reveals that the Russian Federation lacks a consistent and routinely functioning education development concept, moreover, its model is seen by the authors as incomplete. The authors conclude that it is necessary to Russian-identity-focused system of education aimed at an identification of personnel potential and the state support of continuous education.
Subsídios para a gestão compartilhada da pesca na Baía da Babitonga (SC, Brasil)
Authors: Serafini Thiago Zagonel , Andriguetto Filho José Milton , Pierri Naína
Published: August 2014

This study characterizes the fisheries at Babitonga Bay, in the northern coast of Santa Catarina (Brazil), in order to point out management implications  of local contexts. Qualitative and quantitative surveys were conducted at 12 fishing localities in the region, assessing fishing practices, socioeconomic features, and aspects of the institutional organization of fishermen. A great variety of small-scale fishing practices and resources was observed, as well as different ways of fishing commercialization, with considerable differences between localities, resulting in part from differences in spatial use patterns. Despite the existence of a few local associations, so-called “Colônias de Pesca” were the main representative organizations. Yet, not all fishermen acknowledged  their importance. A low degree of political organization of the fishermen was observed, as well as an apparent lack of leadership, moderate participation in representative fora (“Colônias”) and disagreement regarding group union perception. In their own opinion, their interactions with fisheries management government agencies , as well as with partner non-governmental organizations, were weak. Thus, while they realize the worsening conditions of local fisheries, which require management interventions, fishermen find it difficult to communicate with the organizations in charge. Differences in fishery resources use patterns also potentially increase complexity for local fisheries management. Changes in the local fisheries management perspective are needed, with an emphasis on the establishment of collaborative management arrangements (co-management), which could better deal with the complexity of the local fishery context, thus ensuring greater institutional effectiveness.
Forensic Identification of Human Blood: comparison of two one-step presumptive tests for blood screening of crime scene samples.
Authors: Andrade Ana Flávia Belchior , Siqueira Maria Emília Cambria Guimaro , Arantes Luciano Chaves , Queiroz Larissa Silva , Silva Rayane Luiza Viegas , Ramalho Eduardo Dias
Published: August 2014

Blood is the most common body fluid found at crime scenes. One-step presumptive tests have been designed as a rapid immunological test for the qualitative detection of human hemoglobin in stool samples (faecal occult blood) their usefulness for forensic purposes has been demonstrated before. In this study we compare Hexagon OBTI kit and FOB One-step Bioeasy kit sensitivity in the analysis of diluted blood samples. With Hexagon OBTI, positive test results are achieved in whole blood dilutions up to 1:1.000. Sensitivity decreased with aged samples, if samples were not stored under low temperatures regardless of which presumptive test is used. Whole blood tests must take into consideration that “hook” effect may interfere. Comparing both tests, OBTI Hexagon Kit is more sensible to detect diluted blood, showing a wider detection window in all conditions. This is interesting when analyzing forensic samples as forensic analysts usually do not know about the history of the analyzed sample before its collection.
Finding and Mapping New Genes Faster than Ever: Revisited
Authors: Sikela James M
Published: August 2014

This article recounts some of the early days of the Human Genome Project, covering the important and sometimes controversial role that complementary DNA-based approaches played in the discovery and mapping of the majority of human genes. It also describes my involvement in this effort and my lab's development of methods for rapid sequence identification and mapping of human genes.
State Transitions in the TORC1 Signaling Pathway and Information Processing in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Hughes Hallett James E , Luo Xiangxia , Capaldi Andrew P
Published: August 2014

TOR kinase complex I (TORC1) is a key regulator of cell growth and metabolism in all eukaryotes. Previous studies in yeast have shown that three GTPases—Gtr1, Gtr2, and Rho1—bind to TORC1 in nitrogen and amino acid starvation conditions to block phosphorylation of the S6 kinase Sch9 and activate protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A). This leads to downregulation of 450 Sch9-dependent protein and ribosome synthesis genes and upregulation of 100 PP2A-dependent nitrogen assimilation and amino acid synthesis genes. Here, using bandshift assays and microarray measurements, we show that the TORC1 pathway also populates three other stress/starvation states. First, in glucose starvation conditions, the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK/Snf1) and at least one other factor push the TORC1 pathway into an off state, in which Sch9-branch signaling and PP2A-branch signaling are both inhibited. Remarkably, the TORC1 pathway remains in the glucose starvation (PP2A inhibited) state even when cells are simultaneously starved for nitrogen and glucose. Second, in osmotic stress, the MAPK Hog1/p38 drives the TORC1 pathway into a different state, in which Sch9 signaling and PP2A-branch signaling are inhibited, but PP2A-branch signaling can still be activated by nitrogen starvation. Third, in oxidative stress and heat stress, TORC1-Sch9 signaling is blocked while weak PP2A-branch signaling occurs. Together, our data show that the TORC1 pathway acts as an information-processing hub, activating different genes in different conditions to ensure that available energy is allocated to drive growth, amino acid synthesis, or a stress response, depending on the needs of the cell.
Stent Sizing and Deployment with Optical Coherence Tomography Guidance
Authors: Prati Francesco , Imola Fabrizio ,   Interventional Cardiology Unit, San Giovanni Hospital, Via dell’Amba Aradam, 8 – 00184 Rome, Italy. E: fprati@hsangiovanni.roma.it,   CLI Foundation, Rome
Published: August 2014

The introduction of new technologies to enhance therapeutic solutions requires evidence of significant advantages in terms of clinical results. Recently, optical coherence tomography (OCT) has been introduced in clinical practice as a potential improvement over current techniques, i.e. angiography and intravascular ultrasound (IVUS). The feasibility and safety of this technique have convincingly been proved and the assessment of ambiguous lesions and consequently the interventional decisions are improved over IVUS, particularly in the setting of acute coronary syndrome. The strength, but also the limitation, of OCT lies in its ability to precisely display only the surface of the vessel and, therefore, its inability to assess plaque burden. The most important potential application of OCT is detailing stent strut characteristics in post-procedural studies, but the clinical importance of this finding still requires validation.
Ongoing Late Lumen Loss with the CYPHER and TAXUS Drug-eluting Stents Supports a Theory of Catch-up Restenosis
Authors: Gilbart James ,   Senior Editor, Touch Briefings
Published: August 2014

Luminal loss and restenosis are critical problems in coronary artery drug-eluting stents (DES). These implants need to minimise long-term neointimal coverage and maximise blood flow. Two studies compared the effects of different types of DES on lumen loss after surgical implantation. The first study included 2,030 patients and showed that over two years late luminal loss (termed ‘late luminal creep’) progressed for two types of commercially prepared permanent polymer stents containing rapamycin or paclitaxel (CYPHER and TAXUS), but not for a polymer-free in-house coated stent containing rapamycin (YUKON). In a smaller study, luminal coverage was lower with the CYPHER than with the YUKON stent, but struts of the stent structure were better covered with the YUKON stent and less likely to cause an obstruction. Stents should ideally limit luminal loss but also allow for sufficient coverage to prevent thrombotic hazards.
Carotid Endarterectomy versus Endovascular Stent Placement as Therapy for Symptomatic Carotid Artery Disease
Authors: Hynes Brian G , Kiernan Thomas J , Ruggiero Nicholas J , Yan Bryan P , Jaff Michael R ,   Section of Vascular Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital,   Section of Vascular Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital,   Section of Vascular Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital,   Section of Vascular Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital,   Section of Vascular Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital; Associate Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Medical Director, Vascular Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, US. E: mjaff@partners.org
Published: August 2014

Stroke-related morbidity and mortality remain unacceptably high. Recent estimates suggest that it accounts for approximately one out of every 17 deaths in the US, with one death from the direct consequences of stroke every three to four minutes. Of the almost 800,000 strokes that occur annually, 87% are ischaemic, the remainder occurring predominantly as a consequence of intracerebral haemorrhage. The accessibility of the extracranial internal carotid artery to revascularisation, together with the strong correlation between the severity of carotid artery stenosis and the further risk of stroke in patients who have already experienced a transient ischaemic attack (TIA) or stroke (up to 35% at five years in one series), has driven the field of carotid endarterectomy (CEA) and carotid artery stenting (CAS). In this article we will discuss the merits and risks of both of these revascularisation methods for patients with symptomatic extracranial carotid artery disease.
Genotoxic Maillard byproducts in current phytopharmaceutical preparations of Echinodorus grandiflorus
Authors: LIMA-DELLAMORA ELISANGELA C. , WALDHELM KASSIA C.V. , ALVES ADRIANA M. , LAGE CLAUDIA A.S. , LEITÃO ALVARO A.C. , KUSTER RICARDO M.
Published: August 2014

Extracts of Echinodorus grandiflorus obtained from dried leaves by three different techniques were evaluated by bacterial lysogenic induction assay (Inductest) in relation to their genotoxic properties. Before being added to test cultures, extracts were sterilized either by steam sterilization or ultraviolet light. Only the extracts prepared by infusion and steam sterilized have shown genotoxic activity. The phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of the flavonoids isovitexin, isoorientin, swertisin and swertiajaponin, isolated from a genotoxic fraction. They were assayed separately and tested negative in the Inductest protocol. The development of browning color and sweet smell in extracts submitted to heat, prompted further chemical analysis in search for Maillard's reaction precursors. Several aminoacids and reducing sugars were cast in the extract. The presence of characteristic Maillard's melanoidins products was determined by spectrophotometry in the visible region and the inhibition of this reaction was observed when its characteristic inhibitor, sodium bisulfite, was added prior to heating. Remarkably, this is the first paper reporting on the appearance of such compounds in a phytomedicine preparation under a current phytopharmaceutical procedure. The genotoxic activity of such heat-prepared infusions imply in some risk of developing degenerative diseases for patients in long-term, uncontrolled use of such phytomedicines.
Action of Aqueous Extracts of Phyllanthus niruri L. (Euphorbiaceae) leaves on Meristematic Root Cells of Allium cepa L.
Authors: NEVES ERASMOVLANE S.B. , FERREIRA PAULO MICHEL PINHEIRO , LIMA LEONARDO H.G.M. , PERON ANA PAULA
Published: August 2014

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of aqueous extracts of dried Phyllanthus niruri L. (stonebreaker) leaves on Allium cepa L. root meristem cells at four concentrations, 0.02 (usual concentration), 0.04, 0.06 and 0.08mg/mL and exposure times of 24 and 48 hours. For each concentration we used a group of five onion bulbs that were first embedded in distilled water and then transferred to their respective concentrations. The radicles were collected and fixed in acetic acid (3:1) for 24 hours. The slides were prepared by the crushing technique and stained with 2% acetic orcein. Cells were analyzed throughout the cell cycle, totaling 5000 for each control and exposure time. The calculated mitotic indices were subjected to the Chi-squared statistical analysis (p<0.05). From the results obtained it was observed that all four concentrations tested had significant antiproliferative effect on the cell cycle of this test system. We also found the presence of cellular aberrations such as colchicined metaphases, anaphasic and telophasic bridges, and micronuclei in the two exposure times for all concentrations evaluated. Therefore, under the conditions studied the concentrations of aqueous extracts of leaves of P. niruri showed to be cytotoxic and genotoxic.
Postural instability in Parkinson?s disease ? 120 years after Charcot?s death
Authors: Teive Hélio Afonso Ghizoni , Munhoz Renato Puppi
Published: August 2014

The authors present the original Charcot’s description of postural instability in Parkinson’s disease as well as the evolution of this sign after 120 years of Charcot’s death.
Deputados brasileiros no Twitter: um estudo quantitativo dos padrões de adoção e uso da ferramenta
Authors: Marques Francisco Paulo Jamil Almeida , Aquino Jakson Alves de , Miola Edna
Published: August 2014

Resultado de uma pesquisa realizada entre os anos de 2011 e 2013, o trabalho investiga quantitativamente um conjunto de fatores relacionados à adoção do Twitter por parte dos 457 deputados federais brasileiros registrados no microblog. Com base na análise das variáveis relativas ao volume de publicação de mensagens e ao número de seguidores (monitoradas entre fevereiro de 2012 e fevereiro de 2013), confrontadas com variáveis independentes de cunho individual e político, descobriu-se, dentre outras questões, que um parlamentar relativamente jovem, com alta votação, early adopter dos media digitais e integrante de um partido de esquerda é aquele que apresenta um perfil de uso mais intenso do Twitter.
Compactação de um cambissolo háplico causada pela extração florestal com trator Skidder
Authors: Pezzoni Filho José Carlos , Fenner Paulo Torres , Lanças Kléber Pereira , Pezzoni Diogo , Moraes Willian Bucker , Chagas Haroldo Antunes , Trosdorf João Cláudio Ribeiro
Published: August 2014

A compactação devido ao tráfego de maquinários ocasiona danos ao solo que podem interferir no adequado desenvolvimento do sistema radicular das plantas, apresentando como principal dano a diminuição da produtividade das culturas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a compactação do Cambissolo Háplico ocasionada pelo tráfego do Skidder na extração de Pinus elliottii var. elliottii em ramal secundário de extração de madeira, nos rastros dos pneus e dos fustes, variando-se a frequência de tráfego do trator. Os rastros dos pneus e dos fustes foram na mesma linha de tráfego da passada anterior, cada qual localizado em seu respectivo rastro. A área de estudo localizou-se no município de Capão Bonito-SP, em cultivo de Pinus elliottii var. elliottii, e os dados de compactação foram obtidos da área sem tráfego (testemunha) e dos tratamentos com 1, 2, 3, 4 e 5 passadas do Skidder, em duas camadas, de 0,00-0,05 m e de 0,10-0,15 m de profundidade. Os resultados demonstraram que houve compactação adicional sob tráfego de cada passada do Skidder, sendo maior na camada de 0,00-0,05 m de profundidade. Adicionalmente, a compactação do solo foi mais acentuada sob menores teores de água no solo, sendo contrário ao esperado.
Associação entre o perfil de ambiente e condições de trabalho com a percepção de saúde e qualidade de vida em professores de educação básica
Authors: Pereira Érico Felden , Teixeira Clarissa Stefani , Andrade Rubian Diego , Bleyer Fernanda Tolentino de Souza , Lopes Adair da Silva
Published: August 2014

Objetivo:Analisar as associações entre perfil de ambiente e condições de trabalho com a qualidade de vida de professores.Métodos: Estudo descritivo-transversal com 349 professores de Educação Básica de Florianópolis das redes estadual e municipal de ensino. Os professores responderam ao "Perfil de Ambiente e Condições de Trabalho" e questões de saúde. As variáveis foram associadas por meio de regressão linear, considerando-se como variável dependente a qualidade de vida e como variáveis explicativas a percepção das condições de trabalho.Resultados:As dimensões remuneração e benefícios e ambiente físico foram as que apresentaram maior insatisfação. Mais da metade dos professores estavam insatisfeitos com questões ergonômicas do mobiliário e equipamentos e com as condições de ruído e temperatura; 52,8% apresentavam esgotamento mental sempre/frequentemente e 50,1% afirmaram ter dificuldades com alunos agressivos. O perfil de ambiente e das condições de trabalho explicou 24,6% da avaliação do domínio meio ambiente de qualidade de vida.Conclusão:Os professores percebem que os benefícios da carreira estão aquém da relevância e das demandas da profissão. A insatisfação com as condições de trabalho se materializa pela diminuição da saúde desses profissionais. Além disso, o apoio social no ambiente escolar parece tornar as condições de ambiente mais favorável ao trabalho.
Comparação de dispersantes químicos na análise granulométrica de solos do Estado de Pernambuco
Authors: Cunha Jailson C. , Freire Maria B. G. dos S. , Ruiz Hugo A. , Fernandes Raphael B. A. , Alvarez V. Victor H.
Published: August 2014

Laboratórios de diferentes regiões do Brasil não utilizam procedimentos uniformes para a execução da análise granulométrica. Soluções de hidróxido de sódio (NaOH) ou de hexametafosfato de sódio e carbonato de sódio [(NaPO3)n + Na2CO3] são as mais utilizadas na dispersão química das partículas do solo. O elevado pH da solução de NaOH favorece a dispersão em solos com minerais de carga variável na fração argila, como os óxidos de ferro e alumínio presentes em solos de regiões tropicais. Com base nesta afirmativa, objetivou-se testar a eficiência de soluções NaOH (D1), [(NaPO3)n + NaOH] (D2) e [(NaPO3)n + Na2CO3] (D3) como dispersantes químicos na análise granulométrica de amostras de dois horizontes de 26 solos de referência do Estado de Pernambuco. A comparação entre os dispersantes foi realizada utilizando-se o teste estatístico L&O. Na comparação de D2 = f(D1) e D3 = f(D1) observou-se que não houve semelhança entre os dispersantes. O intercepto na equação de regressão linear para a fração argila, significativo a 0,01 e negativo, indica a obtenção de teores mais elevados de argila com D1. O NaOH foi o dispersante mais adequado na determinação da textura das amostras analisadas, representativas de 82% da área total do Estado.
"En el sueño del hombre que soñaba, el soñado se despertó": ação e história em Jorge Luis Borges
Authors: Mota Aurea
Published: August 2014

Neste artigo argumentamos que os temas da ação e da história presentes em alguns contos de Jorge Luis Borges antecipam alguns pontos que apareceram nas discussões pós-estruturalistas - nos campos da história, filosofia, antropologia - das últimas décadas do século XX. No seu labirinto literário-filosófico, especialmente por meio da ideia de destino, Borges explora elementos chave que se tornaram parte da noção de crítica que enfatiza as ideias de contingência e da impossibilidade de controle deliberado dos efeitos da ação humana em seu curso temporal.
Internismo sem intelectualismo e sem reflexividade
Authors: Carvalho Eros Moreira de
Published: August 2014

Em seu livro, "Perception as a Capacity for Knowledge" (2011), John McDowell defende que a garantia fornecida pela percepção é infalível. Para tanto, é preciso entender o papel que a razão tem na constituição de estados perceptivos genuínos. Por meio dela, posicionamos estes estados no espaço lógico das razões. Assim, não só fazemos do estado perceptivo um episódio de conhecimento, mas também obtemos conhecimento de como chegamos a este conhecimento. McDowell sustenta que esta condição para o conhecimento, a posse da capacidade de posicionar um estado perceptivo no espaço lógico das razões, não o compromete com o intelectualismo. Neste artigo, defendo que o internismo de McDowell não está totalmente livre do intelectualismo e que o internismo é mais plausível não só sem intelectualismo, mas também sem reflexividade.
Simplicidade de Deus e racionalidade do mundo
Authors: Rocha Ethel
Published: August 2014

Neste artigo, pretendo examinar a tese cartesiana da livre criação das verdades eternas a partir da conjugação dos atributos divinos que, segundo Descartes, são conhecidos por nós e sua tese de que, entre as verdades eternas livremente criadas por Deus, estão incluídos os princípios lógicos. A partir desse exame, concluo que, até onde o intelecto finito do homem pode conceber, a tese cartesiana da livre criação das verdades eternas envolve ao menos as seguintes teses: a) Deus, por ser infinito e puro pensamento em ato, estabelece necessariamente em si todas as essências e verdades, incluindo essências e verdades que para o intelecto finito parecem impossíveis, já que lhe aparecem como contraditórias; b) ao estabelecer as essências e verdades, Deus instancia algumas (e assim as cria) como conteúdos de ideias inatas nas mentes finitas, que são criadas com estrutura lógica; c) ao estabelecer as essências e verdades, Deus instancia no mundo atual ao menos algumas das essências e verdades não contraditórias instanciadas nas mentes finitas; e d) embora a mente humana finita não as possa conceber clara e distintamente, é certo que Deus instancia no mundo atual ao menos algumas das essências e verdades que aparecem como contraditórias, isto é, instancia no mundo atual ao menos algumas das essências e verdades que para a mente finita aparecem como impossíveis por serem por ela inconcebíveis, o que é confirmado por ao menos dois casos mencionados por Descartes.
Impact of the substitution of reference annual streamflow by monthly streamflow on the potential use of water resources
Authors: Pruski Fernando F. , Bof Luiz H. N. , Silva Luciano M. C. da , Silva José M. A. da , Rego Fernando S. , Justino Flavio B.
Published: August 2014

The consideration of the streamflow seasonality has a high potential to improve the water use. In order to give subsidies to the optimization of water use, it was evaluated the impact of the change of reference annual streamflow by the monthly streamflows in the potential water use throughout the hydrography of Paracatu sub-Basin. It was evaluated the impact on Q7,10 (lowest average streamflow during a 7-day period with an average recurrence of 10 years) and on Q95 (permanent flow present 95% of the time). The use of monthly streamflow to substitute the annual streamflow had a high potential of improvement of water resources use in the sub-Basin studied. The use of monthly Q 7,10 in substitution of annual Q 7,10 increases the potential water use that vary from about 10% in the months of lower water availability to values exceeding 200% in the months with higher availability of surface water resources. The use of monthly Q95 in substitution of the annual Q95 implies in changes oscillating from reduction of 37% in months of higher water restriction to values exceeding 100% in the months of higher availability, so the use of monthly Q95 instead of the annual Q95 enables the more rational and safe use of water resources.
O Brasil na nova cartografia global da religião
Authors: Rocha Cristina , Vásquez Manuel A.
Published: August 2014

Este artigo analisa as mudanças sociais, econômicas, culturais e religiosas que fizeram do Brasil um polo importante de produção do sagrado numa emergente cartografia global. Esta cartografia é policêntrica e entrecortada por uma miríade de redes transnacionais e multi-direcionais que facilitam o rápido movimento de pessoas, ideias, imagens, capitais e mercadorias. Entre os vetores que vamos examinar estão: imigrantes brasileiros que na tentativa de dar sentido ao processo deslocamento e de manter ligações transnacionais com o Brasil levam suas crenças, práticas, identidades religiosas para o estrangeiro, missionários e outros "entrepreneurs" religiosos, o turismo espiritual de estrangeiros que vão ao Brasil em busca de cura ou desenvolvimento espiritual, e as indústrias culturais, a mídia e a Internet que disseminam globalmente imagens do Brasil como uma terra exótica onde o sagrado faz parte intrínseca de sua cultura e natureza.
O Apará e seu corpo
Authors: Oliveira Amurabi
Published: August 2014

Este trabalho volta-se para um movimento religioso conhecido como Vale do Amanhecer, que surge no final dos anos 1960 em Brasília e marca-se por um intenso sincretismo religioso, agregando elementos do catolicismo, espiritismo, religiões afro-brasileiras e Nova Era. Os adeptos desse movimentos são reconhecidos como médiuns, com dois tipos distintos: o Apará, que incorpora as entidades espirituais; e o Doutrinar, que não incorpora, porém comanda os rituais. Nossa análise recaí sobre o primeiro tipo, mais especificamente sobre a relação entre seu corpo e o pertencimento religioso, tomando por base os dados obtidos por meio de pesquisa etnográfica, principalmente durante um ritual denominado "Trono".
Measurement of genetic diversity in progenies of sour passion fruit by ward-mlm methodology: a strategy for heterotic group formation
Authors: Silva Fernando Higino de Lima e , Viana Alexandre Pio , Ferreira Rulfe Tavares , Freitas Jôsie Cloviane de Oliveira , Santos Jardel Oliveira , Rodrigues Daniele Lima
Published: August 2014

Passion fruit belongs to the family Passifloraceae, and the genus Passiflora is regarded the most economically important. The present study aimed to quantify genetic diversity among progenies of sour passion fruit, in order to define potential heterotic groups, based on morpho-agronomic descriptors, using the Ward-MLM procedure. It is useful for generation advancement in the passion fruit breeding program, via recurrent selection, under development at the Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF). For such, 81 full-sib progenies belonging to the third recurrent selection cycle (C03) were assessed. Twenty-three descriptors were used, five of which were qualitative and 18, quantitative. The quantitative and qualitative variables were analyzed simultaneously using the Ward-MLM procedure for the composition of groups. The likelihood function determined that five was the ideal number of groups. The Ward-MLM classification strategy for morpho-agronomic data analysis allowed the formation of five groups into 26, 5, 15, 16 and 19 progenies. A certain distance was observed for group III, compared to the other groups while groups I, II, IV and V showed approximation. This greater distance of group III compared to the other groups may indicate crosses, aiming at the exploitation of heterosis, for the pyramiding of favorable alleles for traits of interest. The Ward-MLM statistical procedure was a useful tool to detect genetic divergence and group progenies using simultaneously quantitative and qualitative variables.
Effects of dietary energy levels using calcium salts of fatty acids on nutritive value of diets and milk quality in peripartum dairy goats
Authors: Souza Rodrigo de , Alcalde Claudete Regina , Hygino Bruna , Molina Bruna Susan de Labio , Santos Geraldo Tadeu dos , Gomes Ludmila Couto
Published: August 2014

Peripartum is a critical period for dairy goats, as dry matter intake (DMI) is not enough to supply the energy requirement for foetal growth and subsequent lactation. The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of calcium salts of fatty acids (CSFA) to increase dietary energy level of peripartum dairy goats and its effects on nutritive value of diets and milk quality. Twenty multiparous Saanen goats (body weight 63.5±10.3 kg) were distributed in a completely randomised design in four treatments at the following dietary energy levels: 2.6 Mcal of metabolisable energy per kg of dry matter (Mcal ME/kg DM) - control diet; and 2.7, 2.8, and 2.9 Mcal/kg DM - with added CSFA. Goats were housed in individual stalls and evaluated in the peripartum period, by measuring body weight (BW), DMI, dry matter and nutrient digestibility of diets, blood composition, and milk quality and yield. Increasing dietary energy level to 2.9 Mcal ME/kg DM had no effect on BW and did not limit DMI. CSFA supplementation increased intake of total digestible nutrients and did not affect fibre digestion. Blood triglycerides and cholesterol concentration increased with CSFA addition. The treatments had no effect on milk yield and composition; however, CSFA supplementation changed the fatty acid concentration of milk fat, increasing levels of polyunsaturated and essential fatty acids. In conclusion, peripartum dairy goats supplemented with CSFA to increase dietary energy level up to 2.9 Mcal ME/kg DM had a greater supply of total digestible nutrients and showed altered fatty acid concentration of milk fat.
Características morfogênicas e estruturais do capim-Xaraés submetido a intensidades de desfolhas
Authors: Rodrigues Rosane Cláudia , Amorim Susan Emanuelly Pinheiro , Mello Maria Antônia de Araújo , Santos Clésio Costa , Sanchês Sâmara Stainy Cardoso , Galvão Carlos Magno Lima
Published: August 2014

Objetivou-se avaliar as características morfogênicas e estruturais do capim-Xaraés submetido a cinco alturas de cortes (10; 20; 30; 40 e 50cm) com intervalo de corte baseado na interceptação luminosa (IL) pelo dossel durante a rebrotação (95% de IL). Utilizou-se o delineamento inteiramente casualizado, num fatorial 5 x 2, com cinco repetições. As avaliações foram realizadas de março a novembro de 2011, nas variáveis: taxa de aparecimento foliar (TApF), taxa de alongamento foliar (TALF), taxa de alongamento do colmo (TALC), comprimento final da folha (CF), taxa de senescência foliar (TSF), duração de vida das folhas (DVF), número de folhas vivas por perfilho (NFV) e número vivo de perfilhos (NVP). Observou-se que as alturas de cortes de 30 a 50 cm, resultaram em maior TALC, TALF, TApF, TSF, DVF, NFV e CF. As características TALC, TALF, TApF, TSF, NFV e CF apresentou valores mais elevados durante o período chuvoso. Enquanto, o filocrono e, a DVF em 40 cm apresentou valores mais elevados no período da seca. O NVP não foi afetado pelas alturas de cortes ou época do ano. A altura de corte do capim-Xaraés recomendada para essas condições edafoclimáticas situa-se entre 30 e 50cm.
Estrutura e distribuição geográfica do rebanho de ovinos Santa Inês no estado do Piauí
Authors: Rego Neto Aurino de Araújo , Sarmento José Lindenberg Rocha , Santos Natanael Pereira da Silva , Biagiotti Daniel , Santos Gleyson Vieira dos , Campelo José Elivalto Guimarães , Sena Luciano Silva , Figueiredo Filho Luiz Antonio Silva
Published: August 2014

Objetivou-se descrever o quantitativo, distribuição e estrutura do rebanho de ovino da raça Santa Inês no estado do Piauí. Foram analisados dados de registros genealógicos da raça Santa Inês, mantidos pela Associação Brasileira de Criadores de Ovinos (ARCO), referentes ao período de 1992 a 2012. Foram realizadas análises estatísticas descritivas de modo a conhecer como o rebanho Santa Inês está estruturado. Foi realizada a classificação do rebanho quanto a sua estrutura organizacional, determinada com base na origem e uso dos reprodutores, utilizando-se o programa ENDOG. v.4.8. O registro dos animais da raça Santa Inês, no Piauí, teve inicio em 1990, e a maior representatividade foi verificada no período de 1993 a 2001. Quanto à estrutura dos rebanhos, 56,8% foram classificados como rebanhos multiplicadores (estrato intermediário da pirâmide) e 43,2% como rebanhos comerciais (base da pirâmide), sendo que não se observou nenhum rebanho núcleo e nem isolado. A falta de rebanhos núcleo da raça no Estado pode ser uma das causas da redução do número de animais registrados nos últimos anos no Piauí.
Suplementação concentrada para bovinos de corte em sistema de integração lavoura e pecuária no período das águas
Authors: Alonso Marcell Patachi , Moraes Eduardo Henrique Bevitori Kling de , Pina Douglas dos Santos , Pereira Dalton Henrique , Mombach Mircéia Angele , Gimenez Breno de Moura , Wruck Flávio Jesus
Published: August 2014

Embora a produção de bovinos alimentados com suplementos concentrados seja crescente, sua aplicação em associação à sistemas de integração lavoura e pecuária ainda carece de mais estudos. Este trabalho teve o objetivo avaliar o desempenho produtivo de bovinos em pastagem de Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu, consumindo quatro diferentes suplementos, SM - mistura mineral, SE - suplemento energético, SEP - suplemento energético-protéico e SPE - suplemento protéico-energético. Foram utilizados 100 novilhos não castrados, sendo 57 mestiços (Holandês x Nelore) e 43 da raça Nelore, com idade média de 15 meses e peso corporal médio de 281 ± 31kg. A área experimental constituiu-se de quatro piquetes formados com B. brizantha cv. Marandu. O experimento foi estruturado segundo o esquema fatorial (2x4) distribuído em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado, onde foram avaliados dois grupos genéticos e quatro diferentes formulações de suplementos. A quantidade ofertada foi de 0,5 kg/animal/dia para SE, SEP e SPE, salvo o SM ofertado ad libitum. Houve diferença de grupo genético sobre a produção dos animais, sendo que os novilhos mestiços apresentaram melhor desempenho. A média de ganho de peso diário, ganho de peso total e peso corporal final, foram maiores nos animais que consumiram SE em relação ao SM e SPE. O SE, possibilita desempenho animal superior à SM e a SPE para bovinos em pastejo em sistema de integração lavoura e pecuária no período das águas. A recria de novilhos mestiços (Holandês x Nelore) no sistema integração lavoura e pecuária durante período das águas apresenta melhor desempenho comparado a recria novilhos Nelore.
Administração de acetato de melengestrol após inseminação artificial em tempo fixo em vacas Nelore lactantes
Authors: Rodrigues Moraima Castro , Leão Karen Martins , Silva Natália do Carmo , Silva Rossane Pereira da , Viu Marco Antônio de Oliveira , Cardoso Lucas Morais
Published: August 2014

Objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar o efeito do fornecimento de Acetato de Melengestrol (MGA®Premix) após IATF (inseminação artificial em tempo fixo), sobre a taxa de concepção em vacas paridas da raça Nelore. Experimento I, avaliou-se o efeito do fornecimento de 2,28g de MGA/ vaca/ dia, do dia 13 (D13) ao dia 18 (D18) após a IATF. As vacas foram divididas em dois grupos, sendo o Grupo I (n=83, controle) que foi realizado apenas IATF e Grupo II (n=104, tratado) que foi fornecido o MGA após a IATF. Experimento II, avaliou-se o efeito do fornecimento de 2,28g de MGA/ vaca/ dia, do dia cinco (D5) ao dia 10 (D10) após a IATF. As vacas foram divididas em dois grupos, sendo o Grupo I (n=94, controle) que foi realizado apenas IATF e Grupo II (n=100, tratado) que foi fornecido o MGA após a IATF. O diagnóstico de gestação foi realizado 45 dias após a IATF em ambos os experimentos. As taxas de concepção foram comparadas pelo teste de Qui-quadrado. No Experimento I, as taxas de concepção foram de 42,16% para o grupo controle e 50,0% para o grupo tratado. No Experimento II, a taxa de concepção do grupo controle (47,87%) foi significativamente maior do que o grupo tratado (28,0%). Conclui-se que o fornecimento de MGA®Premix, administrado do D13 ao D18 após a IATF não afetou a taxa concepção. Entretanto, quando fornecido do D5 ao D10, reduziu a taxa de concepção em vacas Nelore paridas.
Uso do acetato de melengestrol após protocolos de inseminação artificial em tempo fixo em vacas Nelore multíparas
Authors: Silva Junior Lourival de Souza e , Freiria Lucien Bissi da , Angreves-Silva Giselde Marques , Possamai Adriano Jorge , Hatamoto-Zervoudakis Luciana Keiko , Silva Mérik Rocha
Published: August 2014

Objetivou-se avaliar a influência do fornecimento de 2,28g de MGA® Premix entre o 13º e 17º dia após a inseminação artificial em tempo fixo (IATF), na taxa de gestação de vacas da raça Nelore, pluríparas. Foram usadas 154 vacas, divididas em dois lotes ao acaso, o tratamento 1, n=55 e o tratamento 2, n=99. O tratamento 1 recebeu suplemento mineral e o tratamento 2o mesmo suplemento adicionado de 2,28g de MGA® Premix/animal/dia. Foi usada a estatística descritiva por tabela frequência, no programa SAS, pela interação do fornecimento de MGA® Premix com a taxa de gestação. A porcentagem de gestação foi superior para as vacas suplementadas com MGA® Premix e avaliados aos 43 dias após a inseminação. O uso de MGA® após IATF aumenta a sobrevivência embrionária e a taxa de prenhez.
Hearing loss in children with HIV/AIDS
Authors: Buriti Ana Karina Lima , Oliveira Simone Helena dos Santos , Muniz Lilian Ferreira
Published: August 2014

PURPOSE: To investigate the occurrence of hearing loss in children with HIV and its association with viral load, opportunistic diseases, and antiretroviral treatment. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out with 23 HIV-positive children under care at two specialized centers in João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil. Their parents or legal guardians responded to a questionnaire, containing data on the clinical situation and the hearing health of the children, who were then submitted to audiological assessment. We complied with the guidelines for human research contained in the CNE (National Education Council) Resolution number 196/1996. The findings were analyzed through descriptive statistics. RESULTS: We observed that lamivudine (3TC) was the antiretroviral drug most used in 17 (94.4%) patients, followed by Kaletra (KAL), administered in 14 (77.8%) patients, d4T in 11 (61.1%) patients, and zidovudine (AZT) in 7 (38.9%) participants. Otitis was the most frequent opportunistic disease, with 11 (61.1%) cases. In the audiometric examination, we observed 39 (84.8%) ears with hearing loss and 7 (15.2%) normal ears. After the immitance testing, we found five (10.9%) normal ears, characterized by type A tympanometric curves. The other 41 (89.1%) ears were revealed as altered, with predominance of type B curves in 67.4% of the cases. CONCLUSION: There were hearing alterations in children with HIV/AIDS analyzed in this study. Discreet hearing losses were the most occurring. We verified statistically significant associations with the use of antiretroviral therapy and otitis. Therefore, we point out the importance of auditory monitoring and intervention as soon as possible, thus favoring adequate development in language and decreasing possible difficulties in learning and social inclusion.
Persistence and Bioavailability of Aminocyclopyrachlor and Clopyralid in Turfgrass Clippings: Recycling Clippings for Additional Weed Control
Authors: Lewis Dustin F. , Jeffries Matthew D. , Gannon Travis W. , Richardson Robert J. , Yelverton Fred H.
Published: August 2014

The synthetic auxin herbicides, aminocyclopyrachlor and clopyralid, control dicotyledonous weeds in turf. Clippings of turfgrass treated with synthetic auxin herbicides have injured off-target plants exposed to herbicide-laden clippings. Labels of aminocyclopyrachlor and clopyralid recommend that clippings of treated turfgrass remain on the turf following a mowing event. Alternative uses for synthetic auxin-treated turfgrass clippings are needed because large quantities of clippings on the turf surface interfere with the functionality and aesthetics of golf courses, athletic fields, and residential turf. A white clover bioassay was conducted to determine the persistence and bioavailability of aminocyclopyrachlor and clopyralid in turfgrass clippings. Aminocyclopyrachlor and clopyralid were each applied at 79 g ae ha−1 to mature tall fescue at 56, 28, 14, 7, 3.5, and 1.75 d before clipping collection (DBCC). Clippings were collected, and the treated clippings were recycled onto adjacent white clover plots to determine herbicidal persistence and potential for additional weed control. Clippings of tall fescue treated with aminocyclopyrachlor produced a nonlinear regression pattern of response on white clover. Calculated values for 50% response (GR50) for visual control, for normalized difference vegetative index (NDVI), and for reduction in harvested biomass were 20.5, 17.3, and 18.7 DBCC, respectively, 8 wk after clippings were applied. Clippings of tall fescue treated with clopyralid did not demonstrate a significant pattern for white clover control, presumably because clopyralid was applied at a less-than-label rate. The persistence and bioavailability of synthetic auxin herbicides in clippings harvested from previously treated turfgrass creates the opportunity to recycle clippings for additional weed control.