bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Morphometric Analysis of Brachiocephalic Trunk in Brazilian Cadavers of Human Foetuses
Authors: Aragäo José Aderval , Sena Larissa Emily Ogando de Jesus , ­Junior José Carlos da ­Silva , Melo Gabriel Rodrigues de Carvalho , Aragäo Felipe Matheus Sant’Anna , Aragäo Iapunira­Catarina Sant’Anna , Guerra Danilo Ribeiro , Reis Francisco Prado
Published: August 2022

Introduction: The Brachiocephalic Trunk (BCT) is the largest branch of the aortic arch, with an average of 4-5 centimetres length. It usually divides into two vessels, the Right Common Carotid Artery (RCCA) and the Right Subclavian Artery (RSA). Aim: To conduct a morphometric study of BCT in cadavers of human foetuses and associate it with gender. Materials and Methods: An observational study was conducted from year 2012 to 2020, in which 35 foetal cadavers (18 male and 17 female) were dissected and fixed in 10% formalin, all belonging to the Human Anatomy Laboratory of the Morphology Department of the Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, SE, Brazil. After dissection and exposure of the aortic arch and its branches, measurements were made of the BCT length (from the edge of the aortic arch to its division into the right common carotid and subclavian arteries) and outside diameter (at the origin of the aortic arch) using a 0.05 mm precision digital calliper. The t-Student test was used for independent or unpaired samples to compare the BCT morphometric values in relation to gender, taking p<0.05 as statistically significant. Data were analysed using the Bioestat 5.3. Results: The length of the BCT varied from 6.19-15.34 mm, with an average of 10.22 mm, and its diameter from 1.51-5.11 mm, with an average of 3.16 mm. The comparative analysis between morphometric measurements and gender did not show any statistically significant difference (p>0.05). Conclusion: The knowledge of the BCT morphometry in foetuses can assist in the safe execution of various surgical procedures in the mediastinum, as it reduces the chances of serious complications resulting from these procedures.
Effect of Different Levels of PSB and Organic Starter Solution on Growth and Yield of Broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica L.) c v. Lucky
Authors: Anagha N. A. , Prasad Vipin M. , Bahadur Vijay
Published: August 2022

The present investigation entitled “Effect of different levels of PSB and organic starter solution on growth and yield of Broccoli” was conducted in the Horticulture Research Farm, Department of Horticulture, Naini Agricultural Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture Technology and Science, Prayagraj (UP) During October 2021 to February 2022. The experiment was laid out in RBD with 9 treatments with 3 replications. The results revealed that 40ml/Plant PSB + 40ml/Plant Starter Solution TA41 (Diluted) performed the best in terms of days to Plant Height (30.56), Leaf length (46.86), Leaf width (16.71), Leaf Number (14.89), Days to initiation (49.5), Head weight (530 g), Head yield per plot (3.22 Kg), Head yield per hectare (14.6t/ha) and B: C Ratio (4.9). Therefore, 40 ml/Plant PSB + 40 ml/Plant Starter Solution TA41 (Diluted) is the best when compared to other treatments. As, the highest cost benefit ratio was observed in treatment 40 ml/Plant PSB + 40 ml/Plant Starter solution TA41 (Diluted) i.e., (4.9) which states that it is economically profitable compared to all other treatments.
Plexiform Neurofibroma of Arm: A Case Report
Authors: Hamdaoui O. R. , Kardi O. , Tabakh H. , Siwane A. , Touil N. , Kacimi O. , Chikhaoui N.
Published: August 2022

Plexiform Neurofibroma (PNF) is a rare benign nerve tumor. It is usually considered pathognomonic of neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1 or Von Recklinghausen disease). MRI is the examination of choice in the exploration of this pathology. It provides decisive arguments for the positive diagnosis, the evaluation of the prognosis and the follow-up of the lesions. Histological confirmation is sometimes necessary, especially in cases other than NF1. We report the observation of a 22-year-old woman who consulted for a mass of the left arm.
Updates in the Epidemiology of Fatty Liver and its Consequences in Saudi Arabia: A Review
Authors: Alanazi Badriah Mohammed
Published: August 2022

The occurrence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease has exponentially increased worldwide. A considerable majority of cases advance to non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis in the nonexistence of therapeutic measures, which increases morbidity and death. Because the initial phases of the illness are frequently clinically unapparent, the identification of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease frequently rests on biochemical and radiographic studies. Concentrated life modifications that result in weight loss are the mainstay of the disease's management. Therapeutic treatments that could be additional to lifestyle changes once essential for case managing comprise insulin sensitizers, antioxidants, incretin-based pharmaceuticals, cholesterol depressing mediators, weight reduction therapies, bariatric surgery, and liver transplantation. For non-alcoholic fatty liver disease to be managed more effectively and lessen its worldwide impact, research must be conducted continuously.
OCHOA, Juan Andrés Pizzani (Org.). Crítica a los discursos sobre las prácticas sexuales de los pueblos originarios. Caracas: Fundación Editorial el perro y la rana. 2015, 167p.
Authors: Fernandes Estevão Rafael ERF
Published: August 2022

http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0103-49792016000200015
AMORIM, Henrique; SILVA, Jair Batista da. Classes e lutas de classes: novos questionamentos. São Paulo: Annablume, 2015. 250p.
Authors: De Oliveira Gerônimo André
Published: August 2022

http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0103-49792016000200016
O AMBIENTE E O DESENVOLVIMENTO SOB A PERSPECTIVA DA MUDANÇA SOCIAL
Authors: Salles Pereira dos Santos Rodrigo , Esterci Neide
Published: August 2022

http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0103-49792016000200001
When Hetty meets Betty who does Hetty meet?
Authors: Clare Diane
Published: August 2022

I am a narrative psychotherapist. When I work with a client I attempt to use the language of the client to describe what is going on for the client. Narrative therapy considers not only the individual within the family context but considers wider influences by deconstruction of the understandings and stories about the self that come from society on a more global level. This process externalises problems and opens space for reauthoring lives. Countertransference is a psychodynamic term used in a fairly universal way by therapists of many different theoretical backgrounds. Rather than taking a blameful position (e.g. that the individual has the problem) the presentation takes a questioning position about the influence of the predominant heterosexual culture on the individual therapist's response (the countertransference).
Mandated Implicit Bias Training for Health Professionals—A Step Toward Equity in Health Care
Authors: Cooper Lisa A. , Saha Somnath , van Ryn Michelle
Published: August 2022

This JAMA Forum discusses ways that mandated implicit bias training for health professionals can focus on specific clinical areas and populations, advance the evidence base on the effective elements of implicit bias training, and establish qualifications for trainers.
A Recurrent Orbital Hemorrhage in an Older Adult
Authors: Mathieu Alexis , Nicot Romain , Schlund Matthias
Published: August 2022

An adult patient in their 70s presented with unilateral painless proptosis and blurred vision of the right eye that resolved with corticosteroid treatment. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a retrobulbar hemorrhage. Six months later, the hemorrhage and proptosis recurred, with incomplete resolution despite similar treatment. What would you do?
Parotid Mass in an 81-Year-Old Woman
Authors: De Ravin Emma , Marrero Berrios Juan Carlos , Rajasekaran Karthik
Published: August 2022

An 81-year-old woman presented with a 3-month history of a slow-growing mass in her left cheek and denied having any symptoms, tenderness, numbness, or facial nerve weakness. What is your diagnosis?
AAPM MEDICAL PHYSICS PRACTICE GUIDELINE 5.b: Commissioning and QA of treatment planning dose calculations—Megavoltage photon and electron beams
Authors: Geurts Mark W. , Jacqmin Dustin J. , Jones Lindsay E. , Kry Stephen F. , Mihailidis Dimitris N. , Ohrt Jared D. , Ritter Timothy , Smilowitz Jennifer B. , Wingreen Nicholai E.
Published: August 2022

The American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM) is a nonprofit professional society whose primary purposes are to advance the science, education, and professional practice of medical physics. The AAPM has more than 8000 members and is the principal organization of medical physicists in the United States. The AAPM will periodically define new practice guidelines for medical physics practice to help advance the science of medical physics and to improve the quality of service to patients throughout the United States. Existing medical physics practice guidelines will be reviewed for the purpose of revision or renewal, as appropriate, on their fifth anniversary or sooner. Each medical physics practice guideline represents a policy statement by the AAPM, has undergone a thorough consensus process in which it has been subjected to extensive review, and requires the approval of the Professional Council. The medical physics practice guidelines recognize that the safe and effective use of diagnostic and therapeutic radiology requires specific training, skills, and techniques, as described in each document. Reproduction or modification of the published practice guidelines and technical standards by those entities not providing these services is not authorized. The following terms are used in the AAPM practice guidelines:

Must and Must Not: Used to indicate that adherence to the recommendation is considered necessary to conform to this practice guideline. While must is the term to be used in the guidelines, if an entity that adopts the guideline has shall as the preferred term, the AAPM considers that must and shall have the same meaning.

Should and Should Not: Used to indicate a prudent practice to which exceptions may occasionally be made in appropriate circumstances.
Adaptive control for synchronization of semi‐linear complex spatio‐temporal networks with time‐invariant coupling delay and time‐variant coupling delay
Authors: Yang Chuanhai , Yang Yuqian , Yang Chengdong , Zhu Jie , Zhang Ancai , Qiu Jianlong
Published: August 2022

This article studies the adaptive control for synchronization of semi‐linear complex spatio‐temporal networks (CSNs). And the leader‐following and leaderless CSN with time‐invariant coupling delay and time‐variant coupling delay are developed separately from two aspects. The adaptive control strategies are proposed to reach the asymptotic convergence of synchronization error. Synchronization criteria and sufficient conditions are obtained for the leader‐following CSN error model and leaderless CSN error model by constructing the apposite Lyapunov–Krasovskii functions and applying Wirtinger's inequality. Finally, two experimental examples are given to verify the feasibility of the theories proposed in this article.
A design of disturbance observer in frequency domain for robust control of time delay system
Authors: Kim Jong‐Ryong , Yun Jong‐Nam
Published: August 2022

The disturbance observer (DOB) based robust control is widely used to suppress the effect of model uncertainty and disturbances. Improvement of disturbance suppression performance in DOB based control (DOBC) is achieved by expansion of the Q‐filter's bandwidth or equivalently increment of its cutoff frequency. However, if the system has time delay property, the bandwidth cannot be arbitrarily extended because of the stability demand of the closed loop system. Although the Q‐filter's bandwidth is restricted, there is still room for improving disturbance suppression performance by elaborately designing the Q‐filter's structure and coefficients. For the optimized design of Q‐filter, at the beginning of this paper, based on the analysis of the model uncertainty due to time delay and its upper bound, a new robust stability condition of closed loop system is derived as a type of inequality on complementary sensitivity function of whole closed loop system with DOB. Then a mixed sensitivity optimization problem for optimizing disturbance suppression performance under this stability condition is formulated with structural constraint. Finally, in order to solve this optimization problem, pseudo loop factorization and shaping method is used to transform it into standard control problem without the structural constraint so that it can be solved systematically. The results of illustrative examples and simulations validate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Maximizing Merits of Undesirable δ‐FAPbI3 by Constructing yellow/black Heterophase Bilayer for Efficient and Stable Perovskite Photovoltaics
Authors: Zhang Jiafeng , Jiang Xiaoqing , Liu Xiaotao , Guo Xin , Li Can
Published: August 2022

Yellow‐phase formamidinium lead iodide (δ‐FAPbI3) as a degradation product of black perovskite phase is usually unwelcome in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, it also shows high potential in passivating defects and protecting perovskite films from moisture intrusion due to its water‐stable nature. Herein, the utilization of δ‐FAPbI3 to construct a yellow/black heterophase bilayer is reported, in which the perovskite layer is shielded by in situ formed δ‐FAPbI3 species on the surface, for PSCs with enhanced efficiency and stability. It is found that the δ‐FAPbI3 layer with a broader bandgap than the black‐phase perovskite can efficiently suppress the charge recombination at the interface, offering a high PSC efficiency of 23.10%. More importantly, the δ‐FAPbI3‐modified devices exhibit preferable stability against various external stresses to that of the control ones. Compared to those using the disliked δ‐FAPbI3 in the literature, the strategy, which maximizes its merits in reducing the interfacial charge recombination and stabilizing the perovskite structure, is more simple yet effective to realize highly efficient and stable PSCs.
A Vascular Graft On‐a‐Chip Platform for Assessing the Thrombogenicity of Vascular Prosthesis and Coatings with Tuneable Flow and Surface Conditions
Authors: Bot Veronica A. , Shakeri Amid , Weitz Jeffrey I. , Didar Tohid F.
Published: August 2022

Vascular grafts are essential for the management of cardiovascular disease. However, the lifesaving potential of these devices is undermined by thrombosis arising from material and flow interactions on the blood contacting surface. To combat this issue, antithrombogenic coatings have emerged as a promising strategy for modulating blood and graft interaction in vivo. Although an important determinant of graft performance, hemodynamics are frequently overlooked for in vitro testing of coatings and their translatability remains poorly understood. Herein, this limitation is addressed with a microscale graft on‐a‐chip platform incorporating vascular prosthesis and coatings with tuneable flow and surface conditions in vitro. As a proof of concept, the platform is used to test the thrombogenicity of a novel class of lubricant‐infused surface (LIS) and antibody lubricant‐infused (anti‐CD34 LIS) coated expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) vascular grafts in the presence of arterial wall shear stress with and without endothelial cells. The findings suggest LIS ePTFE is thromboresistant under flow with significantly reduced fibrin(ogen) deposition, thrombin activity, and blood cell adhesion compared to uncoated controls. It is moreover apparent that the microscale properties of the device are advantageous for the testing and translation of novel antithrombogenic coatings and blood‐contacting materials in general.
Betulin Self‐Assembly: From High Axial Aspect Crystals to Hedgehog Suprastructures
Authors: Niu Xun , Foster E. Johan , Patrick Brian O. , Rojas Orlando J.
Published: August 2022

Betulin is introduced as a building block of supramolecular structures that form by noncovalent interactions. Betulin, an abundant triterpene, is first extracted from birch bark to self‐assemble into hierarchical crystalline structures. Following a direct bottom‐up process, solvatomorphs of betulin‐2‐propanol form high axial aspect microparticles, 100–300 µm in length, and lateral sizes in the 15–40 µm range. Under sonication, the microparticles evolve into 3D hedgehog suprastructures (15–30 µm in size) comprising a core (3–5 µm diameter) with connected spines (200–300 nm in width). Depending on the intensity of the delivered energy, the associated morphogenesis starts with metastable aggregates that undergo dislocation, solvent migration, and radial growth. It is found that the formed spherulite‐like, hedgehog structures are a consequence of residual solvent diffusion, leading to crystallites with oriented attachment on specific planes. These results add to the design of  structures from natural building blocks, which are expected to deliver functions encoded in the respective morphology. Owing to the unique features of betulin supraparticles, they develop surface architectures, for instance, in superhydrophobic coatings, which are shown to exhibit exceptional repellency and surface mechanical strength, as tested on various substrates.
Two‐Dimensional Organometallic Frameworks with Pyridinic Single‐Metal‐Atom Sites for Bifunctional ORR/OER
Authors: Liu Tianyang , Wang Yu , Li Yafei
Published: August 2022

Achieving efficient bifunctional oxygen reduction and evolution reactions (ORR/OER) on non‐noble metal catalysts is desirable but remains a significant challenge. Herein, inspired by the experimentally synthesized (phen2N2)FeCl molecule, a stable 2D organometallic framework, namely (phen2N2)FeCl monolayer, is proposed as a qualified candidate by means of constant‐potential first‐principles computations. Unlike most 2D organometallic frameworks that feature pyrrolic coordination, the (phen2N2)FeCl monolayer exhibits a pyridinic‐type FeN4 ligation environment. The unique structure of the monolayer enables a high single‐atom Fe loading in a heterogeneous system, superior to the typical FeNC materials. Constant‐potential energy analysis and microkinetic modeling demonstrate that the monolayer holds great potential for facilitating bifunctional ORR/OER in both the acidic and alkaline conditions, showing theoretical activity higher than the FeNC materials, (phen2N2)FeCl molecule, and Pt/IrO2. Moreover, (phen2N2)MCl monolayers (M = Mn, Co, and Ni) are explored, and the (phen2N2)MnCl monolayer is also identified to have excellent bifunctional activity. This study highlights the rational design of local coordination environments for boosting the electrocatalytic performance of 2D organometallic frameworks.
Filler‐Integrated Composite Polymer Electrolyte for Solid‐State Lithium Batteries
Authors: Liu Shuailei , Liu Wenyi , Ba Deliang , Zhao Yongzhi , Ye Yihua , Li Yuanyuan , Liu Jinping
Published: August 2022

Composite polymer electrolytes (CPEs) utilizing fillers as the promoting component bridge the gap between solid polymer electrolytes and inorganic solid electrolytes. The integration of fillers into the polymer matrices is demonstrated as a prevailing strategy to enhance Li‐ion transport and assist in constructing Li+‐conducting electrode–electrolyte interface layer, which addresses the two key barriers of solid‐state lithium batteries (SSLBs): low ionic conductivity of electrolyte and high interfacial impedance. Recent review articles have largely focused on the performance of a broad spectrum of CPEs and the general effects of fillers on SSLBs device. Recognizing this, in this review, after briefly presenting the categories of fillers (traditional and emerged) and the promoted ionic conducting mechanisms in CPEs, the progress in the interfacial structure design principle, with the emphasis on the crucial influence of filler size, concentration, and hybridization strategies on filler–polymer interface that is the most critical to Li‐ion transport is assessed. The latest exciting advances on filler‐enabled in situ generation of a Li+‐conductive layer at the electrode–electrolyte interface to greatly reduce the interfacial impedance are further elaborated. Finally, this review discusses the challenges to be addressed, outlines research directions, and provides a future vision for developing advanced CPEs for high‐performing SSLBs.
Potassium‐Assisted Fabrication of Intrinsic Defects in Porous Carbons for Electrocatalytic CO2 Reduction
Authors: Ling Li‐Li , Jiao Long , Liu Xiaoshuo , Dong Yun , Yang Weijie , Zhang Hongjun , Ye Bangjiao , Chen Jun , Jiang Hai‐Long
Published: August 2022

The fabrication of intrinsic carbon defects is usually tangled with doping effects, and the identification of their unique roles in catalysis remains a tough task. Herein, a K+‐assisted synthetic strategy is developed to afford porous carbon (K‐defect‐C) with abundant intrinsic defects and complete elimination of heteroatom via direct pyrolysis of K+‐confined metal–organic frameworks (MOFs). Positron‐annihilation lifetime spectroscopy, X‐ray absorption fine structure measurement, and scanning transmission electron microscopy jointly illustrate the existence of abundant 12‐vacancy‐type carbon defects (V12) in K‐defect‐C. Remarkably, the K‐defect‐C achieves ultrahigh CO Faradaic efficiency (99%) at −0.45 V in CO2 electroreduction, far surpassing MOF‐derived carbon without K+ etching. Theoretical calculations reveal that the V12 defects in K‐defect‐C favor CO2 adsorption and significantly accelerate the formation of the rate‐determining COOH* intermediate, thereby promoting CO2 reduction. This work develops a novel strategy to generate intrinsic carbon defects and provides new insights into their critical role in catalysis.
Biphasic Microdroplet–Microdroplet Extraction for Ultra‐Trace Enriching Analysis
Authors: Zhang Xiaonan , Song Yongchao , Xu Tailin , Zhang Xueji
Published: August 2022

Enriching trace targets from trace samples is essential for analytical chemistry. Here, a mini‐pillar platform for biphasic (aqueous and organic) microdroplet–microdroplet extraction for enrichment analysis is demonstrated. Such mini‐pillars with biphasic hydrophobicity can anchor the biphasic microdroplets (organic or aqueous) regardless of rotation and inversion. Methylene blue (MB) and Nile red (NR) are extracted and analyzed by single‐phase extraction, double‐phase extraction, and enrichment analysis. The results display the well linear relationships of all extraction processes with the high extraction efficiency of more than 80% in the single/double phase and up to 500% in the enrichment phase. This work remedies the deficiencies of traditional liquid phase extraction technology, such as extensive sample consumption, low sensitivity, complex equipment, and cumbersome operation. Furthermore, a portable, easy‐manipulation, low‐waste, high‐throughput, and controllable liquid biphasic platform is proposed for high sensitivity, enrichment, and enhanced biphasic extraction analysis.
Efficient Charge Transfer in Z‐Scheme g‐C3N4/Cu/MoS2 Heterojunctions for Enhanced Photocatalysis and Photoenhanced Electrocatalysis
Authors: Zhu Kaili , Wang Chuanjie , Luan Xinxin , Li Jia , Yang Ping
Published: August 2022

Efficient charge separation and transfer is always an important prerequisite for efficient photocatalysis. Herein, g‐C3N4/Cu/MoS2 Z‐scheme heterojunctions are successfully constructed by a two‐step calcination method, in which Cu nanoparticles are embedded as an electronic conductor between g‐C3N4 and MoS2. g‐C3N4/Cu/MoS2 composites reveal excellent photocatalytic activity. The rate of hydrogen production reaches to 970.5 µmol g−1 h−1, which is 22 and 2.63 times of that of g‐C3N4 and g‐C3N4/MoS2, respectively. Meanwhile, due to the significant enhancement of the conductivity of g‐C3N4/Cu/MoS2 and the efficient charge transfer, its electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity is also far superior. In addition, the electrocatalytic activity of g‐C3N4/Cu/MoS2 under light irradiation is significantly improved compared with that under dark condition. This is ascribed to the decrease of charge transfer resistance in the Z‐scheme system during light irradiation. The photochemical and electrochemical properties of g‐C3N4/Cu/MoS2 composites are compared with those of g‐C3N4/MoS2, which illustrate that the construction of g‐C3N4/Cu/MoS2 Z‐scheme heterojunction is an important factor to increase the charge transfer rate. The result provides a new idea for the realization of efficient charge transfer and the synergistic catalytic of photo and electro for water decomposition.
Pressure‐Induced Indirect‐Direct Bandgap Transition of CsPbBr3 Single Crystal and Its Effect on Photoluminescence Quantum Yield
Authors: Gong Junbo , Zhong Hongxia , Gao Chan , Peng Jiali , Liu Xinxing , Lin Qianqian , Fang Guojia , Yuan Shengjun , Zhang Zengming , Xiao Xudong
Published: August 2022

Despite extensive study, the bandgap characteristics of lead halide perovskites are not well understood. Usually, these materials are considered as direct bandgap semiconductors, while their photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) is very low in the solid state or single crystal (SC) state. Some researchers have noted a weak indirect bandgap below the direct bandgap transition in these perovskites. Herein, application of pressure to a CsPbBr3 SC and first‐principles calculations reveal that the nature of the bandgap becomes more direct at a relatively low pressure due to decreased dynamic Rashba splitting. This effect results in a dramatic PLQY improvement, improved more than 90 times, which overturns the traditional concept that the PLQY of lead halide perovskite SC cannot exceed 10%. Application of higher pressure transformed the CsPbBr3 SC into a pure indirect bandgap phase, which can be maintained at near‐ambient pressure. It is thus proved that lead halide perovskites can induce a phase transition between direct and indirect bandgaps. In addition, distinct piezochromism is observed for a perovskite SC for the first time. This work provides a novel framework to understand the optoelectronic properties of these important materials.
A Deep Study of Resistance Switching Phenomena in TaOx ReRAM Cells: System‐Theoretic Dynamic Route Map Analysis and Experimental Verification
Authors: Ascoli Alon , Menzel Stephan , Rana Vikas , Kempen Tim , Messaris Ioannis , Demirkol Ahmet Samil , Schulten Michael , Siemon Anne , Tetzlaff Ronald
Published: August 2022

The multidisciplinary field of memristors calls for the necessity for theoretically‐inclined researchers and experimenters to join forces, merging complementary expertise and technical know‐how, to develop and implement rigorous and systematic techniques to design variability‐aware memristor‐based circuits and systems. The availability of a predictive physics‐based model for a memristor is a necessary requirement before commencing these investigations. An interesting dynamic phenomenon, occurring ubiquitously in non‐volatile memristors, is fading memory. The latter may be defined as the appearance of a unique steady‐state behavior, irrespective of the choice of the initial condition from an admissible range of values, for each stimulus from a certain family, for example, the DC or the purely‐AC periodic input class. This paper first provides experimental evidence for the emergence of fading memory effects in the response of a TaOx redox‐based random access memory cell to inputs from both of these classes. Leveraging the predictive capability of a physics‐based device model, called JART VCM v1, a thorough system‐theoretic analysis, revolving around the Dynamic Route Map graphic tool, is presented. This analysis allows to gain a better understanding of the mechanisms, underlying the emergence of history erase effects, and to identify the main factors, that modulate this nonlinear phenomenon, toward future potential applications.
Integrated Solar‐Driven Device with a Front Surface Semitransparent Catalysts for Unassisted CO2 Reduction
Authors: Cheng Wen‐Hui , Richter Matthias H. , Müller Ralph , Kelzenberg Michael , Yalamanchili Sisir , Jahelka Phillip R. , Perry Andrea N. , Wu Pin Chieh , Saive Rebecca , Dimroth Frank , Brunschwig Bruce S. , Hannappel Thomas , Atwater Harry A.
Published: August 2022

Monolithic integrated photovoltaic‐driven electrochemical (PV‐EC) artificial photosynthesis is reported for unassisted CO2 reduction. The PV‐EC structures employ triple junction photoelectrodes with a front mounted semitransparent catalyst layer as a photocathode. The catalyst layer is comprised of an array of microscale triangular metallic prisms that redirect incoming light toward open areas of the photoelectrode to reduce shadow losses. Full wave electromagnetic simulations of the prism array (PA) structure guide optimization of geometries and length scales. An integrated device is constructed with Ag catalyst prisms covering 35% of the surface area. The experimental device has close to 80% of the transmittance with a catalytic surface area equivalent 144% of the glass substrate area. Experimentally this photocathode demonstrates a direct solar‐to‐CO conversion efficiency of 5.9% with 50 h stability. Selective electrodeposition of Cu catalysts onto the surface of the Ag triangular prisms allows CO2 conversion to higher value products enabling demonstration of a solar‐to‐C2+ product efficiency of 3.1%. This design featuring structures that have a semitransparent catalyst layer on a PV‐EC cell is a general solution to light loss by shadowing for front surface mounted metal catalysts, and opens a route for the development of artificial photosynthesis based on this scalable design approach.
Piezo Capsule: Ultrasonic Way of Wireless Pressure Measurement
Authors: Mutlu Senol , Aghakhani Amirreza , Sitti Metin
Published: August 2022

Heart failure (HF) rates elevate worldwide with the aging population. Miniaturized and wireless implants with real‐time data transfer capability can alleviate the surgical complexities of cardiac pressure monitoring. Despite recent developments of mm‐size implants with complex circuitries and self‐powering units, a simple, passive, and effective implant design for the real‐time pressure reading is missing. Here, the piezo capsule, a simple, cost‐effective, and miniaturized passive ultrasound pressure sensing system, is introduced. The capsule design consists of a 1 mm‐cube‐sized lead zirconate titanate (PZT) transducer and a T‐shaped mechanical pin. The impedance changes of an interrogating ultrasound probe, which is ultrasonically coupled to the receiver implant, correlate to the electrical/mechanical loading of the piezo capsule. The ultrasonic sensing properties of the proposed device are characterized across a hard‐solid medium (e.g., plexiglass) and soft tissue‐like media (e.g., polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and chicken breast tissue) and verified the impedance changes using finite element simulations. Last, dynamic wireless pressure readings of an artificial vessel for varying fluid flow pulse‐frequency and volumetric rate are demonstrated. The sensitivity of 0.375 Ω kPa−1is achieved as the pressure changed from 14 to 86 kPa and pulse frequency from 0 to 100 bpm with a fixed flow rate of 8 mL min−1.
Microcellular foam of styrene–isobutylene–styrene copolymer withN2using polypropylene as a crystallization nucleating and shrinkage reducing agent
Authors: Lin Weiyuan , Hikima Yuta , Ohshima Masahiro
Published: August 2022

Styrene‐isobutylene‐styrene copolymer (SIBS) is a thermoplastic elastomer with excellent chemical stability, biocompatibility, and low gas permeability. SIBS is a good candidate with a high melt viscosity and a high storage modulus to develop new lightweight elastomeric products. Foam injection molding with core‐back operation is an efficient method to prepare SIBS foams. However, it is challenging to prepare a microcellular foam from neat SIBS by melt processing, such as foam extrusion or foam injection molding, because the hard segments cannot play a role in bubble nucleation sites in the molten state. Furthermore, a significant degree of shrinkage occurs after foaming. By introducing a semicrystalline polymer such as polypropylene (PP), the foamability can be improved in foam injection molding processes. By adjusting the foaming temperature to the crystallization temperature of PP, PP crystals provide bubble nucleation sites and increase the viscosity to suppress bubble growth. Microcellular foams with high cell density and small cell size were achieved at 108cells/cm3and approximately 13 μm. PP can also impede the shrinkage of SIBS foams.
3D printed membrane‐integrated spacers for enhanced antifouling in ultrafiltration
Authors: Khalil Abdullah , Francis Lijo , Hashaikeh Raed , Hilal Nidal
Published: August 2022

Feed spacers are an important component of membrane‐based filtration systems as they promote turbulence and mass transfer during the filtration process—thereby, reducing the membrane fouling and improving the flux. Whereas spacers are used as a separate component in conjunction with membranes, herein, we demonstrate that membrane‐integrated spacers offer superior fouling resistance and hence an improved output flux during filtration. The integrated spacers were fabricated by 3D printing a composite slurry of UV curable resin and polyvinylidene fluoride on the Polyethersulfone‐based ultrafiltration (UF) membrane. After curing under the UV light, the 3D printed spacers showed excellent flexibility and mechanical integrity along with permanent adhesion to the UF membrane. When tested for filtration using humic acid as foulant, the integrated spacer offered significantly reduced fouling and an increased flux as compared with the commercial spacer. Moreover, it was found that the geometry of the integrated spacers plays an important role in their performance. Among different geometries, the “gyroid” geometry, with an optimal infill density, provided the highest fouling resistance while improving the flux by nearly 150% as compared with the commercial spacer. When tested as stand‐alone spacers, the 3D spacers with identical geometries resulted in an increased fouling and lower flux which confirmed the superior performance of membrane integrated spacers.
Promoting metacognition in an allied health anatomy course
Authors: Cale Andrew S. , Hoffman Leslie A. , McNulty Margaret A.
Published: August 2022

Metacognition, the ability to self‐regulate one's learning and performance, has been shown to improve student outcomes. Anatomy is recognized as one of the toughest courses in allied health curricula, and students could benefit from metacognitive activities. The purpose of this study was to explore the changes in metacognition of allied health students in an anatomy course and identify which groups need support with this skill. First‐year physician assistant (MPAS), physical therapy (DPT), and occupational therapy (OTD) students (n = 129) were invited to participate. At the beginning and end of the course, students completed a questionnaire including the metacognitive awareness inventory (MAI) that assesses metacognition. Students were also asked to reflect on their examination performances using a modified Likert scale and participated in reflective discussion boards to encourage development of metacognitive skills, which were thematically analyzed. Paired metacognition scores had increased significantly by the end of the course. However, middle‐performers anticipated high grades and were less satisfied with their grade, indicating a disconnect in their metacognition compared to high‐ and low‐performers. Students' receptiveness to modifying study strategies to improve performance declined throughout the course; by mid‐way through, they relied more on existing strategies. Increasing time constraints were frequently cited as a major factor when considering study strategies and modification of such strategies. To maximize the effectiveness of metacognitive activities, they should be positioned early in the course when students are most receptive. In addition, middle performers may benefit from additional support to improve metacognition.
Error investigation of rain retrievals from disdrometer data using triple colocation
Authors: Annella Clizia , Capozzi Vincenzo , Fusco Giannetta , Budillon Giorgio , Montopoli Mario
Published: August 2022

Assessing the uncertainty of precipitation measurements is a challenging problem because precipitation estimates are inevitably influenced by various errors and environmental conditions. A way to characterize the error structure of coincident measurements is to use the triple colocation (TC) statistical method. Unlike more typical approaches, where measures are compared in pairs and one of the two is assumed error‐free, TC has the enviable advantage to succeed in characterizing the uncertainties of co‐located measurements being compared to each other, without requiring the knowledge of the true value which is often unknown. However, TC requires to have at least three co‐located measuring systems and the compliance with several initial assumptions. In this work, for the first time, TC is applied to in‐situ measurements of rain precipitation acquired by three co‐located devices: a weighing rain gauge, a laser disdrometer and a bidimensional video disdrometer. Both parametric and nonparametric formulations of TC are implemented to derive the rainfall product precision associated with the three devices. While the parametric TC technique requires tighter constraints and explicit assumptions which may be violated causing some artifacts, the nonparametric formulation is more flexible and requires less strict constrains. For this reason, a comparison between the two TC formulations is also presented to investigate the impact of TC constrains and their possible violations. The results are obtained using a statistically robust dataset spanning a 1.5 year period collected in Switzerland and presented in terms of traditional metrics. According to triple colocation analysis, the two disdrometers outperform the classical weighing rain gauge and they have similar measurement error structure regardless of the integration time intervals.
Enhanced study of facial soft tissues using a novel large scale histology technique
Authors: Minelli Lennert , Bown Rory George Charles , Mu Erica Wung Hwa , Whitehead Darryl Lane , Henderson Tania Helen , Lawrence Felicity , Mellor Ian , Wissemann Matthew Ian , Brown Cameron Peter , van der Lei Berend , Mendelson Bryan Christopher
Published: August 2022

The safety and effectiveness of facial cosmetic surgery procedures are dependent on detailed 3D understanding of the complex surgical anatomy of the face. Traditional, small sample size anatomical dissection studies have limitations in providing definitive clarification of the fascial layers of the face, and especially in their relationship with the facial nerve, and their reaction to surgical manipulation. The objective study of large tissue areas is required to effectively demonstrate the broader architecture. Conventional histology techniques were modified to handle extraordinarily large tissue samples to fulfill this requirement. Full‐thickness soft tissue samples (skin to bone) of maximum length 18 cm, width 4 cm, and tissue thickness 1 cm, were harvested from 20 hemifaces of 15 fresh human cadavers (mean age at death = 81 years). After fixation, the samples were processed with an automated processor using paraffin wax for 156 h, sectioned at 30 μm, collected on gelatin‐chromium‐coated glass slides, stained with a Masson's Trichrome technique and photographed. Using this technique, excellent visualization was obtained of the fascial connective tissue and its relationship with the facial mimetic muscles, muscles of mastication and salivary glands in 73 large histological slides. The resulting slides improved the study of the platysma and superficial musculo‐aponeurotic system (SMAS), the spaces and ligaments, the malar fat pad, and the facial nerve in relations to the deep fascia. Additionally, surgically induced changes in the soft‐tissue organization were successfully visualized. This technique enables improved insight into the broad structural architecture and histomorphology of large‐scale facial tissues.
HEG1 as a novel potential biomarker for the prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zou Xin , Zhang Yue , Wang Ning , Shi Jie , Li Qinghai , Hao Wanming , Zhu Wenjing , Han Wei
Published: August 2022

Background

Heart development protein with EGF‐like domains 1 (HEG1), generally related to angiogenesis and embryonic development, was reported to participate in the occurrence and progression of some tumors recently. However, the role of HEG1 in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is unclear.

Patients and Methods

To explore the effect of HEG1 on LUAD, GEPIA platform and UALCAN database, as well as Kaplan–Meier plotter were adopted to analyze the association of HEG1 with clinicopathological characteristics and survival outcomes for LUAD firstly. And then the HEG1 in LUAD tissues, blood and cell lines were detected by qRT‐PCR, western blot, immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, and ELISA. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was conducted to identify pathways that might be affected by HEG1 in LUAD.

Results

In this study, HEG1 in lung tissues and cell lines of LUAD were significantly downregulated compared to benign pulmonary disease tissues and alveolar epithelial cells (p < 0.05). Moreover, compared with other groups, patients with advanced tumor stage had lower HEG1 mRNA expression levels (p = 0.025), which were negatively correlated with Ki67 index in tumor tissues (r = −0.427, p = 0.033). On the other hand, the LUAD patients with lower HEG1 had shorter overall survival (OS) (HR = 0.51, 95% CI: 0.40–0.65, p < 0.001) according to Kaplan–Meier plotter. In addition, HEG1 in serum of LUAD patients was negatively associated with CEA (r = −0.636, p < 0.001). GSEA showed that HEG1 was enriched in various metabolic‐related pathways, including glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, and nucleotide metabolism signaling.

Conclusions

HEG1 was downregulated in LUAD patients and associated with poor prognosis, which indicating HEG1 may serve as a potential biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis of LUAD.
Before making a conference move, assess the key implications
Authors: O'Brien Timothy
Published: August 2022

By most accounts, the recent announcements on conference realignment are being propelled by the prospect of significantly enhanced revenue streams. The timing of the actual moves, however, reflects a measured and calculated approach designed to minimize the contractual and financial issues and obligations that the departing institutions might otherwise have faced.
Unpacking the effects of information overload on the purchase intention of electric vehicles
Authors: Hu Xianfeng , Wang Shanyong , Zhou Rongting , Tong Yun , Xu Ling
Published: August 2022

China is currently under tremendous pressures to improve energy efficiency and reduce emissions. As an energy‐saving transportation innovation, electric vehicles (EVs) can alleviate this dilemma. This study adopts the Stimuli‐Organism‐Response (SOR) framework to explore the effect of information overload on consumers' psychological state and subsequent adoption intentions of EVs. Based on the 367 valid samples from Auto 4S shops in EV pilot cities in Mainland China, this study reveals that information overload negatively impacts perceived value and perceived effectiveness but positively impacts perceived risk. Furthermore, information quality offsets the negative impact of information overload on perceived value and enhances the positive impact of information overload on perceived risk. Interestingly, information quality not significantly affect the relationship between information overload and perceived effectiveness. In addition, perceived value and perceived effectiveness are positively related to purchase intentions, while perceived risk is negatively correlated with consumers' purchase intentions. On the basis of these findings, we discuss the policy implications of EVs and provide suggestions for future development.
Swallowing difficulties in adolescents: A case report and suggestion of treatment model
Authors: Lindh Margareta Gonzalez , Selander Emma , Kukka Antti Juhani
Published: August 2022

Dysphagia or difficulty swallowing in childhood necessitates multi‐disciplinary evaluation and management. This case report highlights the teamwork required for diagnostic work‐up to distinguish functional dysphagia from organic and psychiatric conditions in an adolescent girl. Treatment model based on cognitive behavioral therapy is also presented.
Severe SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in a 32‐week pregnant woman treated with Remdesivir‐Dexamethasone combination therapy: A case report
Authors: Alavi Seyed Mohammad Amin , Bahrami Samaneh , Najafian Mahin , Hoori Mina
Published: August 2022

This study shows that remdesivir and dexamethasone combination therapy can be considered as a suitable treatment choice for pregnant women infected with COVID‐19. It is worth mentioning that more studies are required to evaluate the efficacy and side effects of remdesivir monotherapy and its combination with dexamethasone during pregnancy.
Ligand‐to‐Metal Charge Transfer (LMCT) Photochemistry at 3d‐Metal Complexes: An Emerging Tool for Sustainable Organic Synthesis
Authors: Juliá Fabio
Published: August 2022

Despite the rich photochemistry of 3d‐metal complexes, the utilization of excited‐state reactivity of these compounds in organic synthesis has been historically overlooked. The advent of photoredox catalysis has changed the perception of synthetic chemists towards photochemistry, and nowadays the potential of photoinduced, outer‐sphere single‐electron transfer events is widely recognized. More recently, an emerging new mode of photoactivation has taken the spotlight, based on an inner‐sphere mode of reactivity triggered by population of ligand‐to‐metal charge‐transfer (LMCT) excited states. Contrarily to photoredox, LMCT‐activation does not rely on matching redox potentials, offers unique reactivity profiles and is particularly well suited on Earth‐abundant metal complexes. Those appealing features are propelling the development of methods using this blueprint to generate highly reactive open‐shell species under mild conditions. The aim of this contribution is to provide a didactical tool for the comprehension of this emerging concept and facilitate the development of new synthetic methodologies to achieve sustainable chemical transformations.
Protein Conjugation Helped CdTe Quantum Dots for the Specific Labeling and Super‐Resolution Imaging of Lysosomes
Authors: Kaushik Kush , Yadav Aditya , Anjum Farhan , Mani Mishra Pushpendra , Sharma Shagun , Rao Chethana , Kanti Nandi Chayan
Published: August 2022

Semiconductor quantum dots possess many attractive features such as high quantum yield, and narrow emission, and offer great advantages over organic dyes. However, the fluorescence intermittency and the cytotoxicity limit their biological applications. In this communication, we show a substantial increase in cell viability and the tuning of intermittency of water‐soluble CdTe quantum dots upon conjugation with bovine serum albumin (BSA), which helped them for their use as fluorescent probe for super resolution bioimaging of lysosomes. The quantum dots were not only found to be highly specific to stain the lysosome but also provided the super‐resolution image's resolution down to ∼60 nm, which is close to the smallest size of the lysosome. Photons per cycle were found to play a significant role in improving localization precision and thus improved the quality of the super resolution images.