bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and Safety of Adjunctive Posterior Wall Isolation in Patients with Persistent Atrial Fibrillation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Novaes João Vitor Levindo Coelho , Brasil David de Pádua , Faria Flavia Maria de Freitas , Garcia Isadora Soares Bicalho , Pimenta Camila Ribeiro , Guimarães Nathalia Sernizon , Malachias Marcus Vinicius Bolivar
Published: February 2025

Abstract Background In patients with persistent atrial fibrillation (AF), addition of posterior wall isolation (PWI) to pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) is controversial. Objective Compare PVI plus PWI versus PVI alone in patients with persistent AF. Methods We searched PubMed (by MEDLINE), Embase, LILACS, CENTRAL (by Cochrane Library), and Clinicaltrials.gov databases for randomized trials comparing PVI + PWI and PVI alone in persistent AF. The outcomes were: (i) AF recurrence; (ii) composite of recurrent atrial arrhythmias (i.e., AF, atrial tachycardia, or atrial flutter); (iii) major clinical complications (i.e., pericardial effusion or tamponade, sinus node dysfunction, or atrioesophageal fistula); (iv) mean ablation time. Risk of bias and quality of evidence were evaluated using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2.0 tool and GRADE, respectively. Statistical significance was set at 5%, and subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed. Results We included eight studies and 1119 patients, of which 561 underwent PVI + PWI. During follow-up (12 – 24 months), recurrence of AF was significantly reduced with adjunctive PWI (RR 0.66, 95% CI 0.44-0.98). Composite of recurrent atrial arrhythmias did not differ significantly (RR 0.83, 95% CI 0.65-1.06). Major clinical complications (RR 0.81, 95% CI 0.42-1.58) were similar, with PVI alone having a shorter mean procedure time (mean difference -23.37 minutes, 95% CI -30.23, -16.50). Conclusion Adjunctive PWI appears to be effective in improving recurrent AF, but not recurrence of all atrial arrhythmias. Procedure time was longer with PVI + PWI without significant change in overall safety. Further studies should focus on long-term benefit.
PHENOTYPIC AND MOLECULAR GENETIC METHODS TO DETERMINE ANTIBIOTIC RE-SISTANCE OF MICROORGANISMS IN VETERINARY MEDICINE
Authors: Pleshakova Valentina , Lescheva Nadezhda , Koshkin Ivan
Published: February 2025

The paper presents scientific approaches to solving a global problem, namely the increasing antibiotic resistance among opportunistic and weakly pathogenic microorganisms, which pose a significant risk both in human medicine and in animal husbandry. In this regard, phenotypic, analytical and molecular methodo-logical methods for determining and studying the antibiotic resistance of microorganisms are presented. Of the phenotypic methods, the method of standard disks and the method of serial dilutions, which are based on the diffusion of antibacterial drugs from the carrier onto a solid nutrient medium and inhibition of the growth of the studied culture of the microorganism, have received wide application. Among the analytical methods for detecting antibiotic resistance, electrophoretic, immunochemical (immunochromatography), UV and mass spectrometry are distinguished. The most promising and effective is mass spectrometry, in particular the MALDI-TOF test, which is the most optimal for routine determination of the sensitivity of a number of cultures of microorganisms. The molecular approach, namely the use of PCR using molecular beacons and DNA genes, expands the possibility of monitoring the resistance of microorganisms, and makes it possible to determine the mechanism of formation of resistance to antibacterial drugs by the presence of resistance genes. The analysis of methodological approaches made it possible to identify the following determinants of resistance: carbapenemase in Enterobacterales spp, P. aeruginosa and Acineto-bacter; Extended-spectrum B-lactamases in Enterobacterales; mcr-mediated encoded resistance to poly-myxins in gram-negative microorganisms; mecA/mecC, mediated resistance to beta-lactams in S.aureus; and vanA/vanB, mediated resistance to glycopeptides in E. faecium and E. faecalis. An analysis of the data of available scientific publications allows us to state that different methodological approaches provide different accuracy in indicating variants of resistance determinants. It should be noted that the presence of several databases of antibiotic resistance genes makes it difficult to use them to determine the phenotype of drug sensitivity. However, the use of genomic data to determine antibiotic resistance is crucial for the development of clinical metagenomics.
RISK FACTORS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF HEPATOCARDIAL COMPLICATIONS IN DOGS WITH MITRAL VALVE ENDOCARDIOSIS
Authors: Vatnikov Yuriy , Rudenko Andrey , Sotnikova Elena , Yagnikov Sergey , Semenova Valentina , Zharikov Aleksei , Kuznetsov Vladimir , Troshina Natal'ya
Published: February 2025

The paper deals with the problem of the formation and progression of hepatocardial syndrome in dogs with mitral valve endocardiosis. A retrospective analysis of a database of 155 electronic medical records of dogs with mitral valve endocardiosis (2005–2022) was carried out. The diagnosis of mitral valve endocardiosis was made in a complex manner, taking into account clinical and anamnestic data, the results of echocardiography, electrocardiography, and hematological studies. Mitral valve endocardiosis was most often recorded in dwarf and small breeds of dogs: dachshunds, spaniels, terriers, chihuahuas, poodles, lap-dogs, miniature schnauzers, miniature pinschers, spitz. The follow-up period averaged 392.6±24.2 days (95 % CI 344.7–440.4), which corresponds to 1.1±0.07 years. Against the background of valvular insufficiency, dogs developed volume overload of the left chambers of the heart, which eventually led to the onset of congestive heart failure. Acute venous stasis of blood in the vessels of the systemic circula-tion led to liver hypoperfusion, which contributed to the development of secondary hepatopathy (hepatocardial syndrome). It was found that 64 (males – 33, females – 31) out of 155 dogs with endocardiosis had hepatocardial syndrome, which amounted to 41.3 %. Hepatocardial syndrome is manifested by an in-crease in the serum activity of aspartic and alanine aminotransferases, diffuse changes in the echogenicity of the liver parenchyma and hepatomegaly, dilation of the hepatic veins, caudal vena cava, cachexia. The most important risk factor for the development of hepatocardial syndrome in dogs with mitral valve endocardiosis is the progressive course of congestive circulatory failure. Slowing the progression of heart fail-ure is the most important strategy for preventing the development of hepatocardial complications in animals with primary cardiac diseases.
GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF CROSSBRED AND PUREBRED YOUNG GOATS IN TUVA
Authors: Sambu-Hoo Chechena
Published: February 2025

The purpose of research is to study the growth and development of the first generation of crossbreeds obtained by crossing goats of the Soviet wool breed with goats of the Dagestan wool breed. Tasks: to study the live weight of young animals at birth and at 6 months of age; to determine the gain in live weight; to study the exterior features of young animals at 6 months of age. The object of the study were half-blooded young animals of the Dagestan wool breed (experimental group) and purebred offspring of the So-viet wool breed (control group). The studies were carried out according to generally accepted methods. As a result of introductory crossbreeding, crossbreeds were obtained that differ from purebred peers in high live weight in the studied periods. The average live weight of half-breed young animals at birth was 3.9 kg, which is 1.5 times higher than purebred young animals, and 1.2 times higher at 6 months of age. The gains in live weight also differed significantly: absolute - higher by 2.3 kg, average daily - by 16.2 g , by height in the sacrum by 2.3, by width in makloks by 0.7, by depth of the chest by 1.4, by chest circumference by 6.9, by metacarpal circumference by 0.3 cm. that the overrun index, which reflects the development of meat forms, was 8.7% higher in crossbred young animals than in purebred ones.
PROSPECTS EVALUATION OF USING SILYBUM MARIANUM (L.) GAERTN IN THE OF SPECIALIZED FLOUR PRODUCTS COMPOSITION
Authors: Egushova Elena , Reznichenko Irina
Published: February 2025

The purpose of the study is to develop and evaluate the quality of butter biscuits with the addition of milk thistle fruit meal. Objectives: to study the biological value of milk thistle and the features of its use in flour confectionery products, to determine the rational dosage of milk thistle meal in the recipe for butter biscuits, to assess the quality by organoleptic and physico-chemical indicators, to determine the nutritional value and specialized focus of the resulting product. Objects - model samples of butter biscuits with the addition of milk thistle meal (5; 7.5; 10; 12.5; 15%). For the preparation of model samples, the following raw materials were used: white sugar (GOST 33222-2015), butter (GOST 32261-2013), melange (GOST 56382-2015), vanillin (GOST 16599-71), wheat flour of the highest grade (GOST 26574-2017).); milk thistle fruit meal (Silybum marianum L.) (GOST 34221-2017). During the test, the following analysis methods were used: the mass fraction of moisture in baked products was determined according to GOST 5900-2014 “Confectionery products. Methods for determining moisture and dry matter”; wettability according to GOST 10114-80 “Flour confectionery products. Wetness determination method”; mass fraction of sugar - according to GOST 5672-68 “Bread and bakery products. Methods for determining the mass fraction of sugar”; mass fraction of fat according to GOST 31902-2012 “Confectionery products. Methods for determining the mass fraction of fat”. The organoleptic quality indicators of the biscuit samples were determined in accordance with the requirements of GOST 24901-2014. The obtained experimental data were processed by statistical methods. The optimal dosage of milk thistle meal in the recipe was established in the amount of 7.5% by weight of flour. The possibility of reducing the proportion of sugar and fat in the recipe by 10% was determined, the expediency of introducing inulin was substantiated, which made it possible to obtain a product with added nutritional value while maintaining the technological characteristics of the semi-finished product and complying with standardized requirements.
POTATO FLAKES USE IN THE SEMI-FINISHED MEAT PRODUCTS
Authors: Kostyrko Anna , Savel'eva Ekaterina
Published: February 2025

The purpose of research is to develop a recipe for semi-finished meat products with the addition of potato flakes. Objectives: to select the optimal amount of additives introduced into the recipe of semi-finished meat products and to study their effect on the organoleptic and physico-chemical parameters of the product. The studies were carried out in the laboratory of the Institute of Land Management and Agrotechnologies of the Primorskaya State Agricultural Academy. The object of research was meatballs. Potato flakes were used as an additive. The scheme of the experiment included the production of meatballs with the replacement of minced meat by 4%; 8; 12 and 16% potato flakes. As a result of research, it was found that flakes added to minced meat during the preparation of meatballs affect their organoleptic and physico-chemical parameters. It has been established that with an increase in their number, the weight loss during freezing decreases, technological losses after the heat treatment of the semi-finished product are reduced, and the yield of finished products increases. As a result of replacing raw meat in minced meat with potato flakes, an increase in the carbohydrate content in the product was noted due to a decrease in the content of protein and fat in it. An organoleptic evaluation showed that the addition of flakes to the composition of minced meat affects the texture, taste and smell of the product. Meatballs are more juicy, with a homogeneous, not crumbling structure. Based on a comprehensive assessment, it was found that the replacement of 8% minced meat with potato flakes in the production of meatballs contributed to the improvement of the organoleptic and physico-chemical parameters of the finished product, as well as their taste.
DEVELOPMENT AND QUALITY EVALUATION OF INSTANT NOODLES FOR SPECIALIZED PURPOSE
Authors: Pavel'eva Ekaterina , Reznichenko Irina
Published: February 2025

The purpose of the study is to develop a recipe and technology for the production of instant noodles from gluten-free types of flour to expand the range of pasta for specialized purposes. The objects of the study were samples of noodles made from a mixture of gluten-free types of flour: rice, corn and universal, as a control was a sample made from baking wheat flour. The studies were carried out on the basis of the Department of Biotechnology and Food Production of the Kuzbass State Agricultural Academy. When performing research, generally accepted methods for analyzing organoleptic and physico-chemical quality indicators were used. Based on these test results of organoleptic and physico-chemical quality indicators, the optimal ratios of gluten-free flour in the recipe were established, the technological parameters of preparation were selected: temperature and drying time. The rational ratio of rice flour, universal and corn flour 25:50:25 was experimentally established. With the revealed ratio, the possibility of producing instant noodles with good quality characteristics is shown. The practical significance lies in expanding the range of specialized products with added nutritional value. It is shown that there was an increase in the content of proteins by 7%, fat – by 2 %, carbohydrates – by 15 %, dietary fiber by 11 %. It has been established that the developed product is characterized by a high content of dietary fiber, vitamins B1, B2, B3, B6 and selenium, the share of which exceeds 15 % of the average daily intake of these nutrients.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF FOLIAR APPLICATION OF POLYNUTRIENT FERTILIZERS ON THE NURSERY GARDEN FOR GROWING GRAFTED GRAPE SEEDLINGS
Authors: Avdeenko Irina
Published: February 2025

The purpose of research is to study the effectiveness of foliar fertilization when growing grafted grape seedlings on a nursery garden in the conditions of the Rostov Region. The studies were carried out at the production complex and experimental field of ARRIV&W (a branch of FSBSI FRARC) located in Novocherkassk. The study examined the inclusion of foliar application of modern complex fertilizers of the following names: Bio-Don 10 Fe (0.2 %); Beres (0.05 %); Juss Argentum Agro (0.2 %); Helios Boron Molybdenum (0.3 %); Nano Silicon (0.06 %); Fertigrain Foliar (0.2 %) in the technology of growing grafted seedlings of the technical white grape variety Sibirkovy (rootstock Kober 5 BB). The development of the main biometric indicators of the annual growth of the experimental variants using fertilizers increased significantly in comparison with the variant without additional treatments (control) by: 45.0–189.7 cm along the total length of the increase (LSD05=32.84); 23.7-104.7 cm along the length of the hardwood part (LSD05=15.46); 2.7–29.4 % on aging (LSD05= 6.37); 0.2-4.0 mm in diameter (LSD05=0.75); 693.1-5101.5 cm2 of the leaf surface area (LSD05=630.76). The survival rate in the control was 22.4%, and when using fertilizers, it increased to 32.4–51.9 %, which is significant for LSD05 = 1.4. The yield of seedlings in the control was the lowest (19.0%), non-root treatment increased the bottom indicator to 27.5–44.1 %, which is significant at LSD05= 1.31. An increase in the multiplicity of foliar fertilization (Bio-Don 10 Fe; Beres; Helios Boron Molybdenum; Nano Silicon; Fertigrain Foliar) from 2 to 4 times increased the survival rate by 1.4–14.8 %, and the yield of seedlings by 1.2–12.5 %. Correlation analysis showed positive linear dependencies: 1 – increase in the diameter of the increment with an increase in the multiplicity of processing (r=0.589); 2 – increase in survival rate and yield of seedlings with an increase in the frequency of processing (r = 0.659).
ASSESSMENT OF THE FLAX VARIETIES RESISTANCE TO FUSARIUM WILT
Authors: Simagin Aleksandr , Hanbabaeva Ol'ga , Popchenko Mihail , Kudryavceva Lyudmila
Published: February 2025

The purpose of the work is to identify fiber flax samples resistant to Fusarium wilt, one of the most dangerous diseases of cultivated flax. To achieve this goal, an assessment was made of the resistance to Fusarium wilt of varieties and samples of fiber flax (Linum ussitatissimum L.) from the Russian Flax Collection of the Flax Research Institute (OP NIIL, Torzhok). The experiment was carried out for three years - from 2019 to 2021 in the conditions of a "vegetation house" against a provaccination-infectious background. The studied pathogen is characterized by strong virulence and long time of preservation in the soil of Fusarium (Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht. f. lini (Bolley) Snyd. etHans). The infectious background was created by introducing into the soil 30–70 g of flax straw affected by the pathogen in previous years, and 200–300 g of pure pathogen culture. For each accounting plant, the feeding area was 2.5 × 2.5 cm. Protective rows were placed along the edges of the experimental plots (3 plants per row). The experiment was carried out in triplicate. The susceptibility of cultivars and lines to the pathogen was assessed for three years; the results show average data in percentages. Most of the studied samples showed an average resistance to this disease (at the level of 50-80%). However, the highest degree of resistance to Fusarium wilt (87.5–100%) was shown by the collection specimen NIIL K-3529* (89.2%) and the variety Sursky (86.9%), selected by the All-Russian Research Institute of Flax. Varieties B-100 (40.4%) and Peresvet (37.1%) showed the least resistance to the disease, their resistance indicators were lower than the susceptible variety of the AR-5 standard (45.6%), which allows them to be classified as highly susceptible.
BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOLOGY OF FOUR WILD GARLIC ONIONS SAMPLES IN CULTURE IN THE REPUBLIC OF BASHKORTOSTAN
Authors: Tuhvatullina Lenvera , Zhigunov Oleg , Abramova Larisa
Published: February 2025

The pape presents the data of a study of 6 samples of wild garlic onion, which were carried out in the South Ural Botanical Garden-Institute of the Ural Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences in 2018–2022, (Bashkir Cis-Urals, northern forest-steppe). Plantings of A. ochotense accessions (Syktyvkar and Irkutsk) are located in an open sunny area, plantings of the Syktyvkar accession A. victorialis are located in an open area and in the shade, plantings of A. microdictyon, A. ursinum and A. victorialis (VILAR) are in shade conditions. Biochemical analyzes were performed at the Bashkirsky Agrochemical Service Center according to generally accepted methods. The study of phenology, morphological and reproductive parameters was carried out according to standard methods recommended for botanical gardens. Studies showed that the greatest accumulation of ascorbic acid was noted in the victorious onion (Syktyvkar, 62.91 mg%), the lowest accumulation was in fine-meshed onion (Bashkortostan, 48.74 mg%), based on fresh weight. Victorious onion samples (Irkutsk, VILAR) differed in the maximum content of the following most important biologically active substances: carotene (1.68–2.89 mg/100 g), dry matter (22.81–25.23 %), crude fat (1 .04–1.13 %), protein (3.69–4.38 %), nitrogen (0.59–0.70 %), sugar (4.34–4.79 %), starch (0.41–0.95 %), potassium (0.36–0.4 %), phosphorus (0.11–0.12 %), calcium (0.08-0.09 %) and copper (1.09–1 .65 mg/kg) (based on fresh weight). The content of the minimum amount of the following biologically active substances was noted in bear onion (VILAR): dry matter (10.91 %), crude fat (0.50 %), protein (1.81 %), nitrogen (0.29 %), sugar (2.20 %). In the conditions of the sharply continental climate of the Republic of Bashkortostan, wild garlic onion samples are winter hardy, not damaged by pests and diseases. Seed productivity is satisfactory, vegetative propagation and general condition is good. Out of six samples of four types of wild garlic onion, the samples of A. victorialis have the highest indicators in terms of the content of biologically active substances. The studied samples of wild garlic are promising plants for cultivation in the Republic of Bashkortostan, as well as in the South Ural Region. This allows us to recommend them for expanding the range of useful (vitamin) and ornamental plants.
COMPARATIVE TOXICITY OF CHLORPHENAPYR TO MUSCA DOMESTICA ADULTS OF DIFFERENT LINES
Authors: Nurislamova Alina , Kinareykina Anna , Yangirova Liana , Krestonoshina Kseniya , Maslakova Kseniya , Mel'nichuk Anastasiya , Silivanova Elena
Published: February 2025

The aim of the study is to compare the toxicity of chlorfenapyr for M. domestica of different lines, including the natural population living in the Tyumen Region. Objectives: to establish the sensitivity of these lines to chlorfenapyr by calculating lethal concentrations and the resistance index. The objects of the study are individuals of two laboratory lines (Lab TY and Lab UF), previously not exposed to insecticides, and the natural population Nik. The Lab TY line was obtained from the Novosibirsk Agrarian University in 2009, the Lab UF line – from the Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics of the Ufa Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences in 2023. Individuals of the natural population Nik were caught in May – September 2023 in livestock buildings in the Sladkovsky District of the Tyumen Region. The contact-intestinal action of the insecticide (Pirafen, EC, active ingredient chlorfenapyr, 360 g/l) on M. domestica was assessed using the group feeding method. The experiment was conducted in laboratory conditions, where the insects were exposed to chlorfenapyr in various concentrations. The mortality of insects was recorded 24, 48, and 72 hours after exposure to the insecticide. Insects unable to move and fly were considered dead. The results of toxicological tests were analyzed by probit analysis to calculate lethal concentrations (LC5, LC50, LC95 – concentrations at which 5; 50; 95 % of the experimental insects die, respectively) using the free version of the program. Differences in two LC values were considered statistically significant if the corresponding 95 % confidence intervals did not overlap. Imagoes of both laboratory lines were similar in sensitivity to the insecticide chlorfenapyr. Individuals of the natural population were highly sensitive to chlorfenapyr, which indicates the prospects for using preparations based on it in the field of veterinary disinsection.
STUDY OF GRAIN RAW MATERIALS ORGANIC COMPOUND INFLUENCE ON BEER COLOR FORMATION
Authors: Gribkova Irina , Eliseev Mihail , Tokarev Petr , Kosareva Ol'ga
Published: February 2025

The aim of the study is to identify the factors and features of color formation depending on the type of grain raw material. Objectives: to study the composition of organic compounds and the dynamics of their changes in samples based on various grain raw materials during fermentation using not only physicochemical, but also mathematical methods, allowing to identify non-obvious dependencies between organic compounds; to compile equations for the dependence of color formation on the compounds that have the greatest influence on color formation. The objects of the study are wort and beer obtained from malt with 5% replacement by unmalted crops (barley, corn, rice, wheat). The change in the content of compounds depending on the cereal used is shown: the content of β-glucan increases (in malt-wheat wort by 1.8 times, in malt-rice – by 1.6 times, in malt-corn – by 1.5 times and malt-barley – by 1.3 times compared to malt wort); soluble nitrogen is similar; The content of catechins increases when using 5 % barley – by 1.8 times, rice or wheat – by 1.2–1.22 times compared to malt wort. The color index of the malt and corn wort exceeded the same index of malt wort by 2 times, and the indices of other samples exceeded the color indices of malt wort by 1.08–1.33 times. An increase in the riboflavin content was observed when using unmalted cereals. The authors associated color changes during fermentation with changes in the content of β-glucan, soluble nitrogen, catechins, melanoidins and riboflavin, which is confirmed by the correlation coefficients in the mathematical analysis of the data. Correlation characteristics of the dependence of beer color on the type of raw materials are given, indicating the influence of the grain proteome on beer indices.
AMARANTH AS A PROMISING PLANT RAW MATERIAL FOR USE IN FOOD SYSTEMS
Authors: Reznichenko Irina , Miroshina Tat'yana
Published: February 2025

The aim of research is to generalize and systematize data on amaranth as a potential crop with a significant content of biologically valuable nutrients. Objectives: to analyze the most important biological activity of amaranth, its chemical composition, status of a food ingredient and the effectiveness of its additives to food products. The methods of systematization, analysis and generalization were used in the work. For the main search of scientific sources, scientometric bibliographic databases were used: eLIBRARY, Scopus and Web of Science, CyberLeninka, the Google Scholar search engine. The search depth was 10 years. The characteristics of the main nutrients of amaranth and its processed products are given: proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals. Distinctive features of the main nutrients of amaranth are shown in comparison with known cereal crops. The advantages of amaranth and its processed products in food technology are highlighted from the point of view of functional and specialized focus. The food acceptability of amaranth depends not only on its organoleptic properties but also on its health benefits. The literature published to date provides a sufficient understanding of the compositional and other functional properties of amaranth, its use and its processed products, but further research is needed to develop more effective methods for processing amaranth and to understand the relationship between different processing technologies and the quality parameters of the finished product. The favorable biological properties of amaranth discussed in this paper can serve as a catalyst for additional in-depth scientific research in this area, as well as for the promotion of new technologies for the use of amaranth and its processed products in the food industry.
STUDY OF ANTHOCYANIN CONTENT IN DIFFERENT GRAPE VARIETIES
Authors: Sidorova Elena , Schetinina Elena
Published: February 2025

The aim of the study is to conduct a comparative assessment of grape varieties by anthocyanin content with the prospect of further use of grapes as a plant ingredient in multicomponent food products. Objectives: to determine the anthocyanin content in Cabernet Sauvignon and Pinot grapes and to conduct a comparative assessment. The objects of the study are Pinot and Cabernet Sauvignon grapes produced in the Krasnodar Region. The anthocyanin content was determined in accordance with GOST 32709-2014 "Interstate standard juice products. Methods for determining anthocyanins", carotenoids – according to GOST 54058-2010 "Functional food products. Method for determining carotenoids". The anthocyanin profile was studied by high-performance liquid chromatography. Cabernet Sauvignon grapes accumulated 14 % more delphinidin-3-galactoside, 1.4 times more cyanidin-3-glucoside, 1.8 times more malvidin-3-galactoside than Pinot grapes. In terms of the content of other anthocyanin compounds, Cabernet Sauvignon grapes significantly exceed Pinot grapes. The most significant superiority is noted in the content of peonidin-3-glucoside – 300 times, delphinidin-3-arabinoside – 207 times, as well as peonidin-3-arabinoside – 33 times, delphinidin-3-glucoside – 30 times, cyanidin-3-arabinoside – 27 times. With the same qualitative composition of anthocyanin compounds, differences in quantitative ratios were revealed: in Cabernet Sauvignon grapes, cyanidin-3-galactoside predominates (20.5% of the total anthocyanin content); in Pinot varieties - delphinidin-3-galactoside (22 % of the total content). The most quantitatively significant anthocyanins of Cabernet Sauvignon grapes are based on anthocyanidins with the greatest antiradical activity - delphinidin and cyanidin.
BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF ROOT ROT CAUSED BY ARMILLARIA FUNGI
Authors: Litovka Yuliya , Timofeev Anton , Patrusheva Marina , Leonenko Anna , Shnayder Polina , Fomina Natal'ya , Shestakov Kirill , Pavlov Igor'
Published: February 2025

The aim of the study is to evaluate the prospects for using Siberian strains of macro- and microscopic fungi for biological control of the root pathogen Armillaria borealis, which is the most common causative agent of root rot from the Armillaria mellea sensu lato complex in Central Siberia. In vitro, the prospects for using ascomycete (Trichoderma asperellum) and basidiomycete (Ganoderma lucidum, Fomitopsis pinicola) fungi to limit the growth of armillaria pathogens were demonstrated. The K6-15 T. asperellum strain has the maximum antifungal activity, quickly and effectively inhibiting the growth of A. borealis on agar medium and plant substrate – up to 67 and 50 % growth inhibition, respectively. When the mycelium of the antagonist and phytopathogens comes into contact on both types of nutrient substrates, the interaction reaction is assessed at 4 (the antagonist grows around the colony of the phytopathogen) and 5 (the antagonist continues to grow at an unchanged rate over the colony of the phytopathogen) points. Strain K6-15 also exhibits high mycoparasitic activity (3 points), colonizing 100 % of the area of the mycelial film of A. borealis within 7–8 days of cultivation. Fast-growing saprotrophic basidiomycetes G. lucidum and F. pinicola can be considered as promising biocontrol agents. The studied strains Fp5-15 and Gl5-16 are capable of parasitizing on the mycelial film of A. borealis (fouling area of 100 % within 12–14 days); their antifungal activity is maximal on the plant substrate (52–54 % inhibition of the growth of the phytopathogenic fungus) and exceeds the indicator of strain K6-15 T. asperellum, and the reaction of interaction in the contact zone with the colony of phytopathogens is estimated at 5 points.
APPLICATION OF MICROBIAL TECHNOLOGIES IN PROCESSING POULTRY WASTE USED TO INCREASE SOIL FERTILITY AND SPRING WHEAT YIELD
Authors: Voronkova Natal'ya , Balabanova Natal'ya , Volkova Viktoriya , Hamova Ol'ga , Timohin Artem
Published: February 2025

The aim of research is to study the environmental safety and effectiveness of the influence of the product of enzymatic processing of biowaste of a poultry farm (biofertilizer) on individual elements of soil fertility and the yield of spring soft wheat. Objectives: to study the chemical composition of the fertilizer; to measure the number of microorganisms; to determine the content of nitrate nitrogen and phytotoxicity when adding microfertilizer to the soil; to evaluate its effectiveness in a field experiment when cultivating spring wheat. Field trials of the biofertilizer were carried out at the experimental site of the agrochemistry laboratory in the southern forest-steppe zone of the Omsk Region. The soil of the experimental site is meadow-chernozem, medium-deep, medium-humus, heavy loamy. The scheme of the field experiment was developed taking into account the dynamics of mineralization (20 %) of organic fertilizers in the year of their application: 1 – control (without fertilizers); 2 – application of nitrogen-phosphorus mineral fertilizers at a dose of N60P60 (equivalent in terms of N, P, K content in 10 tons of biofertilizer); application of biofertilizer at doses: 3 – 10 t/ha; 4 – 15 t/ha; 5 – 20 t/ha. The experiment was repeated three times. The area of the experimental plot was 18 m2. The experiment was set up, records were taken and observations were carried out using generally accepted methods. The laboratory experiment was set up using the accelerated composting method according to the following scheme: 1 – control (0); application of biofertilizer to the soil in doses of: 2 – 10 t/ha; 3 – 20 t/ha; 4 – 30 t/ha. A qualitative analysis of the biofertilizer showed that the concentration of pollutants in it did not exceed the permissible limits. It did not contain any pathogenic or disease-causing microorganisms. In terms of macronutrient content (NPK), it is not inferior to the main bioresources (cattle manure, sapropel, green manure). The narrow nitrogen to carbon ratio (3.6) in it ensures a short period of its biodegradation in the soil. The application of biofertilizer in doses of 10–20 t/ha has a positive effect on microbial homeostasis, while the toxicity of the soil substrate was not manifested, the nitrogen regime of plant nutrition improved, and the yield of spring wheat increased to 11 %.
NAVIGASI SPIRITUAL: MENEMUKAN HARMONI DALAM KEHIDUPAN MODERN MELALUI AJARAN AL-QUR’AN
Authors: Rokhmah Ikmalina
Published: February 2025

Artikel ini mengeksplorasi konsep navigasi spiritual dalam Islam dengan fokus pada pemahaman ajaran Al-Qur'an dan bagaimana konsep ini dapat membantu individu mencapai harmoni dalam kehidupan modern. Melalui analisis studi literatur dan refleksi konseptual, artikel ini membahas tiga aspek utama navigasi spiritual dalam Islam: komunikasi dengan Allah, kerjasama dengan ummat, dan kerjasama dengan diri sendiri.
BioHackEU24 report: Bioschemas for Mortals
Authors: Reed Phil , Schnitzer Helena , Juty Nick
Published: February 2025

We report here on the progress of project #10: "Bioschemas for Mortals" from BioHackathon Europe 2024. The goal of this project is to reimagine, reframe and supplement the existing Bioschemas guidance available. We identified patterns of use, commonly undertaken tasks and user personas and roles. This information will be used to identify what is needed by less technical users, ultimately providing specific code examples that can be copy/pasted, documented examples for different web setups, customised guidance for different personas, and to address usability and content accessibility. We will also use the learnings from the Bioschemas hackathons to progress more quickly on the domain-agnostic schemas.sci site.
Sex Hormones and Common Abnormalities Encountered in the Acute Medicine Units
Authors: Boutrus Tamer Shalaby
Published: February 2025

Hypogonadism is a reduction in sperm count and/or testosterone level (male) and amenorrhoea and reduction in estrogen level (female). Primary hypogonadism refers to testicular or ovarian pathology with raised levels of FSH and LH, while secondary hypogonadism refers to a disease in hypothalamic-pituitary axis leading to a deficiency in gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion from the hypothalamus or FSH/LH or inadequately normal levels from the pituitary gland. Common causes of secondary hypogonadism are mass lesion in pituitary gland leading to gonadotrophins and growth hormones deficiencies mainly with preservation of more vital hormones like ACTH and TSH and hyperprolactinemia which suppresses gonadotropin secretion. Other acquired causes of secondary hypogonadism are like causes of hypopituitarism.
Is Diabetes Patient Education a Tool for Improvised Care: Existing Perception Among Health Care Providers at a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Alanezi Hanan
Published: February 2025

Aim and background: Diabetes is a serious disease leading to life-threatening complications if not managed carefully. Patients' education provided by nurses is vital to improving their health outcomes. This study aimed to assess the perceptions of registered nurses working in paediatric departments in a government hospital in Bahrain about diabetes patients' education.

Methods: A quantitative cross-sectional design was used to conduct the study. A convenient sample of fifty participants, including all nurses with more than three months' experience working in paediatric departments in the study hospital, were included. Nurse managers were excluded as they are not directly involved in patients' care. The participants completed an anonymous self-administered questionnaire.

Results: Fifty questionnaires were returned, giving a response rate of 80%. The majority of the participants were females (96%) with a Bachelor of Science in Nursing (82%) and working in the inpatient paediatric ward (54%). Participants reported a high level of perceived and reported self-competency (mean 4 ± 0.6 and mean 4 ± 0.7 respectively) and moderate environmental, colleagues, and manager support levels. Half of the participants reported having access to and using diabetes teaching materials.

Conclusion and practice implications: This study indicated that nurses in paediatric departments generally have positive perceptions of diabetes patients' education. Regular assessment of nurses' competency, continuous education, and increased nurse managers' support can improve diabetes patients' education practices. More research is needed using qualitative approaches to determine the barriers preventing diabetes patients' education by nurses.
A Need for Unifying Digital Subtraction Angiography Guidelines in Transforaminal Epidural Steroid Injections: A Case Series
Authors: Chhatre Akhil
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Transforaminal epidural steroid injections (TFESI) allow steroids to be administered directly into the ventral epidural space to target the spinal nerve in patients experiencing radicular symptoms. Imaging techniques such as Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA) are used to visualize contrast entering and spreading in the epidural space, as well as intravascularly in the case of complications. This case series shows two examples of TFESI which required significantly higher quantities of contrast to identify intravascular uptake compared to current guidelines, suggesting a need for more careful examination of current practices.

Case presentation: Authors present two cases of patients with radicular symptoms who underwent TFESI with DSA. The quantity of contrast administered in these cases was twice that of standard guidelines.

Conclusion: The observed two-fold increase in the amount of contrast required during DSA prompts reconsideration of existing guidelines for the precise detection of intravascular uptake using DSA during TFESI. Improving these guidelines should improve accuracy and minimize complications involving intravascular uptake during TFESI procedures.
Area-Efficient Multiplier-less Neuromorphic Hardware for Epileptic Seizure Detection Using NSFD-Discretized Spiking Neural Networks
Authors: Kunduru Venkateswara Reddy , Narayanam Balaji
Published: February 2025

This paper introduces a spiking neural network (SNN) model for epileptic seizure detection, employing non-standard finite difference (NSFD) discretization techniques to overcome stability issues associated with traditional methods like Euler and Runge-Kutta. Applied to a Leaky Integrate-and-Fire (LIF) neuron model, the NSFD approach improves accuracy and stability. The model is implemented on a high-speed, area-efficient, multiplier-less neuromorphic hardware architecture. Trained on EEG data from 400 patients and tested on 100 patients, the system utilizes weight-fused features derived from a Binary Battle Royale algorithm. The weights are stored in block RAM for real-time seizure classification, achieving nearly 99.47% accuracy. The proposed architecture is optimized for real-time, resource-constrained environments, making it ideal for wearable devices in continuous seizure monitoring. This invention represents a breakthrough in neuromorphic computing and medical signal processing, offering a scalable, accurate, and efficient solution for seizure detection in neurological diagnostics.
Symbolism and Social Commentary in Choʻlpon’s Stories: Landscape and Artistic Details
Authors:   Independent Researcher, International Kimyo University, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Ergasheva Durdona
Published: February 2025

This article examines Choʻlpon's symbolic use of natural elements, such as the "sea" and the "shore," to explore themes of societal oppression, economic hardship, and the fate of women in his stories. By analyzing keycharacters and their interactions, the study highlights how Choʻlpon portrays the inner struggles of his female protagonists against patriarchal and socio-economic challenges of their time. The article also delves into the metaphorical implications of recurring motifs, such as the sea’s resilience and the shore’s dominance, to shed light on broader issues of gender inequality and social injustice. Through a detailed exploration of these symbolic representations, the research underscores Choʻlpon’s advocacyfor women’s empowerment and his critique of societal norms that perpetuate their subjugation.
Stromal Vascular Fraction of Adipose Tissue: Prospects for Use in the Treatment of Osteoarthritis and Articular Cartilage Injuries (Literature Review)
Authors: Kostrub O.O. , Didukh P.V. , Serhiienko R.O. , Blonskyi R.I. , Zasadniuk I.A. , Chornobai S.P. , Podik V.A.
Published: February 2025

Summary. Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic, progressive, degenerative-dystrophic joint disease primarily caused by damage to the articular cartilage. Conservative pharmacological treatment of OA consists of prescribing nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, chondroprotectors, hyaluronic acid injections, and therapeutic blockades with glucocorticosteroids. The use of orthobiological agents represents an alternative method in OA treatment. Among the variety of orthobiological approaches, adipose tissue serves as a new and attractive source of stem cells for the treatment of OA. The stromal vascular fraction creates an environment where stem cells can interact and stimulate regeneration.
Implementación de Sistemas de Tutoría Inteligente Basados en IA para la Personalización del Aprendizaje en Matemáticas
Authors: Guamán Cajilema Luis César , Pailiacho Armijos Diego Patricio , Chucho Rea Jorge Roger , Inga Cuvi Wilson Geovanny , Chucho Morocho Jaime Alonso
Published: February 2025

Este artículo indaga sobre las diferentes implementaciones que se han realizado en los últimos años de los Sistemas de Tutoría Inteligente (ITS) que trabajen con base a la IA, buscando encontrar información sobre el uso de los mismos sobre todo en la enseñanza de las matemáticas para estudiantes de bachillerato. Con una metodología de tipo documental, se llevaron a cabo los análisis de las experiencias previas que se realizaron al respecto, tratando de enfocarse sobre todo en los trabajos en la región de América Latina, y enfatizando cómo pueden funcionar estos sistemas en diversos contextos educativos. Dentro del análisis de la investigación se ubicaron las metodologías que se usaron para implementar los ITS, lo cual incluyó el uso y diseño de algoritmos adaptativos, que permiten una retroalimentación en tiempo real para los estudiantes. Asimismo, se buscó revisar casos de éxito en la integración de los ITS en diversos entornos de aprendizaje, tradicionales, en donde se alcanzaron importantes mejoras en el aprendizaje de los alumnos
Peso Placentario como Factor de Restricción de Crecimiento Intrauterino
Authors: López Álvarez Blanca Estela , Conde Gutiérrez Yazmín del Socorro
Published: February 2025

Objetivo Determinar si el peso placentario se asocia con restricción del crecimiento fetal. Material y métodos Estudio Prospectivo, no experimental, observacional, transversal, casos y controles llevado a cabo del 1 de diciembre del 2023 al 31 de agosto del 2024. Criterios de inclusión: Pacientes con embarazo mayor de 28 semanas, con diagnóstico ultrasonográfico de restricción de crecimeinto fetal y pacientes con diagnóstico ultrasonográfico de peso fetal adecuado para edad gestacional. Criterios de exclusión: pacientes que pidan alta voluntaria o se trasladen a otro hospital antes de la resolución del embarazo, embarazadas que no se pese la placenta. Resultados Se incluyeron 46 pacientes divididas en dos grupos: grupo A 22 pacientes con diagnóstico de restricción de crecimiento fetal y grupo B 24 pacientes sin restricción fetal. La comorbilidad materna que predominó  en el grupo A fue la preeclampsia con criterios de severidad. La media del peso placentario del grupo A fue 360.4gr. y   grupo B 480.2gr. (p=0.005). La media del peso fetal del grupo A fue de 1985.68gr y grupo B 3269.04gr. (p=0.001). Al analizar el indice feto placentario de las pacientes con restricción de crecimeinto fetal, tomando como punto de referencia el minimo de las pacientes sin restricción de 5.1, se encontró que en el 31.81% el factor de riesgo de RCIU fue la placenta. Conclusiones El tamaño de la placenta contribuye a una tercera parte de los casos de restricción de crecimeinto intrauterino.
Invarianza Psicométrica y Estructura del AUDIM-M Digital en Adolescentes Mexicanos Deportistas y No Deportistas
Authors: Blanco Ornelas Luis Humberto , Díaz Leal Ana Citlalli , Ornelas Contreras Martha , López Pulgarín José Arnulfo , Barceló Reyna Raúl
Published: February 2025

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar las propiedades psicométricas de la versión breve del Cuestionario de Autoconcepto Dimensional (AUDIM-M), y evaluar su invarianza factorial entre adolescentes mexicanos deportistas y no deportistas. Participaron 460 estudiantes de nivel medio superior, con edades entre 14 y 18 años, de los cuales 121 practicaban deporte de forma regular y 339 no tenían vinculación formal con actividades deportivas competitivas. A través de análisis factoriales confirmatorios, se confirmó una estructura factorial de cuatro dimensiones: autoconcepto personal, físico, social y académico. Este modelo mostró adecuados índices de ajuste, consistencia interna y validez discriminante, tanto en la muestra total como en los subgrupos de deportistas y no deportistas. Además, se comprobó la invarianza factorial configural, métrica y escalar. Sin embargo, se observaron diferencias significativas entre deportistas y no deportistas en las dimensiones de autoconcepto personal y físico, siendo mayores en los primeros. Estos resultados respaldan la utilidad del AUDIM-M como una herramienta psicométricamente sólida para evaluar el autoconcepto en adolescentes, independientemente de su nivel de práctica deportiva. Se recomienda realizar investigaciones futuras en muestras más amplias y culturalmente diversas, así como emplear diseños longitudinales para explorar la evolución del autoconcepto en distintas etapas del desarrollo adolescente.
Diagnóstico del estrés laboral en docentes en un instituto de educación superior en Lago Agrio, mediante cuestionario de ISTAS 21 para la planificación de medidas preventivas y mejorar las condiciones laborales
Authors: Soria Noroña Liliana Carlota , Vásquez Venegas Norma Yolanda , Ulloa Moreno Cristina Alexandra , Chacha Coles Ana Lucia
Published: February 2025

El proyecto de investigación aborda el diagnóstico del estrés laboral en docentes de un instituto superior en Lago Agrio, utilizando el cuestionario ISTAS 21. Este instrumento evalúa riesgos psicosociales relacionados con la carga laboral, el apoyo social y las condiciones de trabajo, entre otros. El objetivo principal es identificar los factores de estrés para planificar medidas preventivas que mejoren las condiciones laborales. El estudio destaca la relación entre el estrés y las enfermedades físicas y mentales, como depresión y ansiedad, que afectan la productividad y el bienestar. Los resultados preliminares muestran riesgos elevados en dimensiones como apoyo social (52%) y doble presencia (48%). Estas cifras evidencian la necesidad de estrategias para reducir el estrés y fomentar un entorno laboral saludable. La metodología incluye la aplicación del cuestionario en formato físico y electrónico, seguido de análisis confidencial de los datos. Entre las medidas propuestas destacan la promoción de la conciencia sobre riesgos psicosociales, la gestión adecuada de la carga laboral, y la implementación de programas de bienestar, como talleres de manejo del estrés. Este estudio subraya la importancia de integrar políticas de prevención en los reglamentos institucionales, mejorando la calidad de vida y productividad docente.