bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Students study adjectives: russian as a foreign language
Authors: Bin Zhang , Firdinatovna Yusupova Zulfiya , Lui Yu
Published: December 2020

This article is devoted to the study of the problems faced by foreign students studying Russian at a professional level. Our task was to give students the assignments that we developed with these adjectives. This allowed us to identify the most common mistakes. The experimental base was the Institute of Philology and Intercultural Communication of the Kazan Federal University. The search experiment was conducted with 3-year Chinese students, trainees who came to study Russian as part of an exchange program. We also observed the oral speech of students during practical classes in Russian grammar. The experiment involved 100 students. Some could not correctly determine the word formation of the proposed adjectives. We developed an exercise system that helped students learn adjectives, considering their functioning in scientific and artistic speech. The results of our research are of interest to teachers of Russian as a foreign language and can be used in the practice of teaching foreign languages.
Comparison of approaches to inventory valuation in RAS 5/2019 and ifrs 2 in the context of solving the problem of convergence of russian and international accounting practices
Authors: Elakova Alla Aleksandrovna
Published: December 2020

Currently, the implementation of the Program for the Development of Federal Accounting Standards for 2019 - 2021, approved by the Order of the Ministry of Finance of Russia No. 83n dated 05.06.2019, is being carried out and certain results of this work can be stated. These include changes in the content of a number of existing standards. First of all, it should be noted the amendments already adopted to PBU 1/2008 "Accounting Policy of the Organization", adopted and coming into force for reporting for 2022 "Accounting for Leases" (PBU 25/2018), as well as amendments to the standards that have come into force for reporting for 2020 “Accounting for State Aid” (PBU 13/2000), “Accounting for Calculations of Corporate Income Tax” (PBU 18/02), “Information on Discontinued Operations” (PBU 16/02). But the breakthrough year, based on the reform program, promises to be 2021, from the beginning of which the application of seven new standards should begin, including the FSBU "Inventories".
Literature and ideology
Authors: Zakirov Almaz Ildarovich , Bekmetov Rinat Ferganovich , Rami Ilsever , Yunusov Ildar Shaikhenurovich
Published: December 2020

The article examines the evolution of the perception of the image of Andrei Stolz, the hero of the novel by I.A. Goncharov's "Oblomov", in various ideological discourses of Russia and the West from the moment of the publication of the work to the present time. The figure of Andrei Stolz in various research practices evolves into a kind of mythologeme and ideologeme that helps explain many trends in modern life. This dynamics in the assessment of the hero is characterized by a vector of movement from complete rejection of Andrei Stolz (a non-Russian character of the novel, "alien", because he is German by ethnicity and Lutheran by religion, despite the fact that his mother is Russian) to instructions the fact that this particular hero is one of the most demanded personalities - not just carriers of the author's conceptual ideas, who believed that the "crossing" of Russian soulfulness and German practicality should create the "correct" type of human nature in Russia, but also exponents new era.
The origins of dialogical consciousness development
Authors: Zakirov Almaz Ildarovich , Sayapova Albina Mazgarovna , Bekmetov Rinat Ferganovich , Chetiniv Chulpan Afraimovna
Published: December 2020

The coming century of globalization dictates the need to change the perspective in the study of the work of the leading classics of Russian literature in the context of the unity of philosophy and aesthetics of the West and the East, understood as the foundation of the world integrity. This understanding of the world can become the "language" for comprehension the deep layers of the writer's consciousness. At the same time, it should be noted that the forms of reflection of eastern cultural realities and codes in the work of Russian classics occupied many Russian and foreign scholars. The task that the authors of this article have set themselves is the need to show the origins of the creative thinking development among Russian classics (poets and prose writers), so that the picture of the dialogue between the West and the East in their artistic and philosophical heritage acquires completeness, integrity and more solid evidence.
Dialect vocabulary that has enriched bilingual dictionaries
Authors: Kasemu Shermaymayti , Yusupova Alfiya Sh. , Denmukhametova Elvira N. , Khisamitdinova Firdaus G.
Published: December 2020

In the 19th century, broad functional development begins in the field of styles, where there is an even greater stability of linguistic norms, the increase in national characteristics and internal capabilities of the language, as well as the widespread use of various stylistic methods in speech, which they begin to record in dictionaries. The relevance of the study is explained by the interest in the dialectal vocabulary of the Tatar language, as one of the components of the lexical fund of bilingual dictionaries of the 19th century. The purpose of the study is to determine the role of dialect words in the system of Tatar speech of the 19th century, as one of the Turkic languages. In the course of the study, the authors studied the modern works of Russian and foreign authors on linguistics, lexicography; the dialectal material recorded in the Russian-Tatar dictionaries of the 19th century is analyzed; comparisons are made between the dictionary by M. Kashgari and the modern Tatar language.
Structural-semantic and functional-stylistic characteristics of Vasily Aksenov’s new coined words in epic novel «Moscow Saga»
Authors: Spiridonov Alexandr Vladimirovich , Sheykhi Hossein
Published: December 2020

This scientific article examines occasional neologisms extracted from the texts of the epic novel by Vasily Aksyonov "The Moscow Saga", which consists of three novels: "Winter Generation", "War and Prison", "Prison and Peace", created in 1991-1992. The study is performed in two parts. The first part identifies the main methods used by the writer to create occasionalisms. The main functions are established in the second part, that are performed by individual author's neologisms. In the course of the analysis, it is concluded that the writer in the process of occasionalism development resorts to different methods, both conventional and non-conventional. The former include prefixation, suffixation, different types of addition, the latter include gendiadis and contamination. Conventional methods, namely, suffixation is the most productive among them. From the point of view of the functional characteristics of the studied units, it is noted that occasionalisms perform nominative, playful, emotionally expressive, euphemistic and ideological functions. The predominant character of the second and third function is pointed out, which generally correlates with the tendencies of the author's word-creation.
An artistic landscape of the newest kazahkstani novel
Authors: Mukhametshina Rezeda , Nurgali Kadisha , Ananyeva Svetlana
Published: December 2020

In the context of the new bi- and polylingual picture of the world, the novel continues to hold leading positions as the leading genre of prose. The Kazakh novel generalizes the aesthetically immanent factors of identity and is created in the Kazakh and Russian languages. Ethno-national identity is important for both the author and the characters. The modern phenomenology of perception actualizes not only the role of the anthropological turn, but also the role of the subjective factor - the reader. Comparative analysis allows you to look at the novel from different conceptual points of view. Transnational tendencies are intensely manifested in the work of prose writers. The search for answers to the most important questions of our time, the challenges of globalization contributes to the disclosure of the ethnocultural world. Opposition one's own/other, one's/another's allows to convey the national attitude and reveal the national image.
Recognition of multiple sequences by subgroups of autonomous probabilistic automata
Authors: Nurutdinova Alsu Rafailovna , Shalagin Sergei Victorovich
Published: December 2020

Recognition of a group of sequences is carried out using a set of k subgroups, each of which includes b autonomous probabilistic automata (APA) set on the basis of ergodic stochastic matrices (ESM) of a certain subclass. Each of the b APA within k subgroups has a common set of states of a given power, and the vector of the initial distribution of each of these APA is determined by the distribution law of the first element of the corresponding sequence. The subgroup input from b APA receives element-wise members of b sequences.. The obtained probability vectors are subjected to clustering by the k-means method, which is based on the previously proposed methodology for a sample of reference object introduction. The clustering technique makes it possible to identify the groups of sequences by determining the probability of identification at each step of the algorithm, which can be implemented in parallel when each sequence is identified from a given set by each APA, parallelizing this process.
Civil liability in the rental agreement
Authors: Nagumanova Guzel Firdinatovna
Published: December 2020

In this article, the author attempts to analyze the institution of civil liability arising from the movable property lease agreement, using the example of Russian legislation and the legislation of a number of European states. Within the framework of this study, the author also raises more general doctrinal issues related to the place of liability under a rent agreement in the system of civil liability, as well as in the system of legal liability in general. In order to determine the place and role of the institutions under consideration, the author considered various views and interpretations of the terms under study, as well as studied the individual historical aspects of the formation and development of the civil liability institution. Among other things, the main part of the study is devoted to the consideration of individual measures and cases of contractors' liability under the rent agreement. At the end of work, the researcher assessed the effectiveness and efficiency of the Russian model of legal regulation of civil liability arising from the rent agreement.
On the issue of language play in early novels by vasily aksenov
Authors: Spiridonov Alexandr Vladimirovich , Salahova Aygul Restamovna , Sheykhi Hossein
Published: December 2020

Este artigo científico analisa os neologismos individuais de autores extraídos dos textos das obras de Vasily Aksyonov, criadas nas décadas de 60 e 70 do século XX. O estudo identifica os grupos de métodos usados ​​pelo autor durante a criação de ocasionalismos, determina a especificidade do jogo de linguagem do autor, analisa em detalhes as características de sua criação de palavras não usuais. O autor utiliza dois tipos de formação do ocasionalismo: correspondente ao sistema linguístico e fora de seu escopo. É conveniente referir prefixação, sufixação, confixação, adição e suas variedades à primeira, e contaminação, criação e transformação da estrutura das unidades lexicais à última. A análise das funções desempenhadas pelos neologismos permite concluir que neles prevalece o jogo de linguagem, muitas vezes complicado por conotações emocional-expressivas, interlinguísticas, precedentes e outras. O  jogo de linguagem nas obras deste período de criatividade é irregular e esporádico, o que se explica pela pouca idade do escritor por um lado e pelas tentativas de desenvolver um estilo próprio e único, por diante. o outro.
The principle of mutual interest as a tool for harmonizing the distribution system
Authors: Safiullin Marat Rashitovich , Rylov Vasiliy Aleksandrovich
Published: December 2020

This article is devoted to distribution relations. It analyzes theoretical issues related to the distribution of goods produced in the transition of the Russian economy from planned economic management to work in market conditions, considers indicators of mutual interest of the parties to the production process, as well as possible transformations associated with the monopoly position of one of the parties in the production process. On the basis of the material presented in the work, a mechanism is proposed that contributes to the formation of optimal decisions in the distribution of the goods produced.
Advantages and disadvantages of application of the most common information and communication technologies in the educational process of institutions of general secondary education
Authors: Tokarska Olesya , Karpliuk Svitlana , Liutynska Maryna , Nieliepova Alona , Martynets Liliia
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this article is to analyze the current state of application of the most common information and communication technologies in the educational process of institutions of general high school in Ukraine and in the world under the influence of information and the technological revolution to modernize. General scientific methods were used, such as analysis and synthesis, the theory of innovation by I. Schumpeter with additions by B. Twiss and M. Lapin, as well as the theory of social interaction by P. Sorokin. An empirical study was carried out on the advantages and disadvantages of the introduction of information and communication technologies in the educational process, research was carried out with 120 people, including 20 parents, 50 students and 50 teachers. As a result of the study, the basic trends of modern reform of general secondary education under the influence of information and communication technologies were investigated and the main positive and negative aspects of global information and communication trends were analyzed, as well as the consequences of incorporations as well. and delayed urgent reforms.
PERAN PEMBERDAYAAN DAN KETERLIBATAN KERJA TERHADAP KEPUASAN KERJA DAN KINERJA
Authors: Marwan Marwan , Saroh Istib , Alhadar Fadhliah M , T Jannati
Published: December 2020

The aims of this study was to reveals the roles of empowerment and work involvement on job satisfaction and its impact on the performance of employees in the Ternate Agriculture Agency. The research designs were surveys and questionnaires. The population and sample in this study were the agricultural officials of Ternate City, totaling 135 employees, using the census method. Method of data analysis was Smart PLS 3.0.

The results indicated that 1) empowerment have  a positively and significantly effect on job satisfaction, 2) job involvement have  positively and significantly effect on job satisfaction, 3) job satisfaction have a positively and significantly effect on employee performance, 4) empowerment have a positively and significantly effect on employee performance, 5) job involvement have a positively and significantly effect on performance, 6) job satisfaction mediated on the effect of empowerment on employee performance and 7) Job satisfaction mediated the effect of work involvement on employee performance. These results indicate that the problem of poor performance in the Ternate Agriculture Agency is closely related to the variables of empowerment, job involvement, and job satisfaction. One of the novelty this research is placement of job satisfaction as a mediation variables.
STRATEGY TO RAISE BRAND AWARENESS USING SOSIAL MEDIA TO THE MILENIALS
Authors: Wardani Putu Sukma , Sanica I Gede
Published: December 2020

Social media as a digital marketing channel is currently utilized as a promotional media for business people especially those who choose the millennial generation segment as their main target market. The growth in the number of social media users today is also seen as an opportunity to build brand awareness through social media. This research sets its objective to determine strategies in raising brand awareness with social media marketing on Instagram for the millennial generation. This research focuses on social media marketing that has been applied to the Il's Project brand which is one of the local footwear brands in the city of Denpasar. Using a qualitative approach, with a descriptive analysis of this study collecting data through interviews, observations and documentation which is further analyzed by SWOT analysis techniques comparing internal and external factors to determine the SWOT Matrix and IE Matrix for strategy determination. The results showed, Il's Project social media marketing was in quadrant 1 in the SWOT Matrix, and cell 5 in the IE Matrix. The right strategy is to support an aggressive strategy and growth strategy, namely, market penetration, increased sales and profits and increased marketing effectiveness on social media.
CONFIRMATION BIAS IN SYSTEMS ENGINEERING: A PEDAGOGICAL EXAMPLE
Authors: Acosta Griselda , Smith Eric D. , Kreinovich Vladik
Published: December 2020

One of the biases potentially affecting systems engineers is the confirmation bias, when instead of selecting the best hypothesis based on the data, people stick to the previously-selected hypothesis until it is disproved. In this paper, on a simple example, we show how important it is to take care of this bias: namely, that because of this bias, we need twice as many experiments to switch to a better hypothesis.
THE ANALYTICITY DOMAIN OF SPECTRAL DENSITY
OF THE ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD IN A VERTICALLY INHOMOGENEOUS CONDUCTIVE MEDIUM
Authors: Terentyev S. A. , Guts A. K.
Published: December 2020

The electromagnetic field in electrical exploration problems is often represented as integrals with a fast-oscillating nucleus. When calculating these integrals

on a computer, it is necessary to deform the contour of integration into the plane

of the complex variable. The article studies the allowable deformation region of the

integration contour in the case of a non-uniform medium, in which strong and weak

solutions of electromagnetic field are analytical. The source of the field is a vertical dipole. A similar problem was solved for a horizontally layered medium with a

harmonious electrical or magnetic dipole as a source.
On the attraction to the normal law of functions of weakly dependent variables
Authors: Grin A. G.
Published: December 2020

The paper gives a “generally accepted” condition of weak dependence and a condition on the class of symmetric functions that provide fulfilment of the necessary and sufficient conditions, obtained earlier by the author, for attracting functions of dependent quantities to the normal law.
Algebraic quantum mechanics: I. Basic definitions
Authors: Varlamov V. V.
Published: December 2020

An algebraic formulation of a quantum theory with a binary structure is considered.
Determination of features based on the formation of persistent spectra of eigenvalues of Laplace matrices
Authors: Lejhter S. V. , Chukanov S. N.
Published: December 2020

An algorithm for determining the spectrum of eigenvalues of the Laplace matrix for simplicial complexes has been developed in the paper. The spectrum of eigenvalues of the Laplace matrix is used as features in the data structure for image analysis. Similarly to the method of persistent homology, the filtering of embedded simplicial complexes is formed, approximating the image of the object, but the topological features at each stage of filtration is the spectrum of eigenvalues of the Laplace matrix of simplicial complexes. The spectrum of eigenvalues of the Laplace matrix allows to determine the Betti numbers and Euler characteristics of the image. Based on the method of finding the spectrum of eigenvalues of the Laplace matrix, an algorithm is formed that allows you to obtain topological features of images of objects and quantitative estimates of the results of image comparison. Software has been developed that implements this algorithm on computer hardware. The method of determining the spectrum of eigenvalues of the Laplace matrix has the following advantages: the method does not require a bijective correspondence between the elements of the structures of objects; the method is invariant with respect to the Euclidean transformations of the forms of objects. Determining the spectrum of eigenvalues of the Laplace matrix for simplicial complexes allows you to expand the number of features for machine learning, which allows you to increase the diversity of information obtained by the methods of computational topology, while maintaining topological invariants. When comparing the shapes of objects, a modified Wasserstein distance can be constructed based on the eigenvalues of the Laplace matrix of the compared shapes. Using the definition of the spectrum of eigenvalues of the Laplace matrix to compare the shapes of objects can improve the accuracy of determining the distance between images.
Vkontakte chatbot ¡¡OmSU class schedule¿¿
Authors: Deineko T. A. , Bobrov D. A.
Published: December 2020

This article is about the development of a chatbot in the social network ¡¡VKontakte¿¿ for the schedule of classes at OmSU. The chatbot displays the class schedule to the user by the name of the group or the name of the teacher.
Ghost particles, entanglement of historical epochs and time machine
Authors: Guts A. K.
Published: December 2020

In the article the possibility of creating a time machine, based on the mechanism of quantum entanglement of macroscopic ordinary (many)partial configurations and (many)partially ghostly configurations of different historical epochs belonging to different parallel Everett universes is investigated.
Online teaching — systems approach: questions and answers
Authors: Kosheleva Olga , Kreinovich Vladik
Published: December 2020

At a recent International Forum on Teacher Education (Kazan,

Russia, May 27–29, 2020), special sessions were devoted to questions related to online teaching – in view of the recent forced world-wide transition to online-only education. This article summarizes, in a systematic way, issues discussed at these sessions.
An inverse problem of the theory of the electromagnetic radiation for a function spectrum with a finite number of zeros
Authors: Moiseev M. B.
Published: December 2020

The radiation energy of an electromagnetic field in a certain frequency interval is proportional to the square of the modulus of the Fourier transform of this field. The determination of the radiation energy is a direct problem and has an independent value in solving many problems of radiation theory. It is of great

interest, according to the known spectrum of the energy distribution of radiation over frequencies, to find the function of the electromagnetic field that created this spectrum, i.e. solve the inverse problem of radiation theory. In this paper, the above inverse problem is solved, namely, the function of the electromagnetic field is sought from a known function of the spectrum having a finite number of zeros on the frequency interval.
Modeling of the space decay into ”atoms of space”
Authors: Guts A. K.
Published: December 2020

The article shows how you can mathematically describe the process of decay of space into an infinite number of disconnected pieces that can occur with a complete loss of entanglement parts of the infinitely distant boundary within the 𝐴𝑑𝑆/𝐶𝐹 𝑇-duality.
Calculation of the speed characteristics of an upward swirling gas flow under conditions of side wind
Authors: Obukhov A. G.
Published: December 2020

The paper presents the results of numerical modeling of lateral wind effects on three-dimensional unsteady air flows in an upward swirling stream of an artificially created tornado in a stationary mode of operation. The mathematical model is the complete system of Navier-Stokes equations taking into account the viscosity and thermal conductivity of a moving gas, as well as the action of gravity and Coriolis. Using an explicit difference scheme and an appropriate choice of initial and boundary conditions, solutions are obtained numerically for the complete system of Navier-Stokes equations in the computational domain in the form of a rectangular parallelepiped. All components of the gas flow velocity were calculated at fixed time instants and

instantaneous streamlines were constructed with constant horizontal wind direction taken into account. The calculations showed that the result of the wind effect on the upward swirling flow is an asymmetric change in peripheral speed, its uneven

deformation in opposite sections, and the total displacement of the vortex in the direction of the wind. In addition, the displacement and curvature of the vertical part of the vortex in the direction of the wind was established, a “detachment” of some instantaneous streamlines from the vertical rotating part and the appearance in the center of the vortex of an area that is free of streamlines increasing in diameter were recorded. In the studied time variation range, the stability of the air vortex to wind action and the stable operation of the used computational scheme are observed.
Program web-realization of JSM-method of automatic hypothesis generation based on inductive logic
Authors: Belozerov D. M. , Guts A. K.
Published: December 2020

In the article, web-application that implements Finn’s JSM method is

presented. The application based on the Mill’s inductive logic extracts new knowledge from the existing knowledge base.
From the GOELRO Plan to Digitalization of Russia’s Electric Power Complex
Authors:   Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University n.a. Alekseev (NSTU), LOSKUTOV Aleksey B. , KULIKOV Aleksandr L. ,   Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University n.a. Alekseev (NSTU), ILYUSHIN Pavel V. ,   Federal State educational establishment, St. Petersburg
Published: December 2020

Owing to adoption of the GOELRO plan in 1920 and its stage-by-state implementation, it became possible to meet the country’s needs for intense development of its economy through providing the required amounts of electricity to all sectors of the national economy. Nowadays, the smart grid technologies open the possibility to carry out «digital updating» of the grids to obtain their better observability and controllability, smaller losses in them, and to ensure reliable operation of distributed and renewable power generating facilities, which have become new participants in the electricity market. The use of smart grid technologies opens the possibility to optimally integrate heterogeneous electric power sources, backbone and distribution networks, and also active consumers into a unified electric power complex for achieving the economic and environmental objectives. The article considers modern innovative and prospective technologies of smart grids and outlines historical parallels with the GOELRO plan, which determined the course for electrification of Russia.
GOELRO plan is 100 years old
Authors:   NRU MPEI, BUTYRIN Pavel A.
Published: December 2020

The historical context in which the State Plan for Electrification of Russia (GOELRO) was developed, establishment of the GOELRO Commission, the GOELRO Plan content, the specific features of its implementation, and the role of the plan in the soviet period of Russia’s history are considered. Attention is paid to the electrification plants of other countries and territories of all inhabited continents, and to the participation of states in the electrification of countries and regions with small-scale and agricultural production in the 1920 s. The specific features pertinent to the electrification of the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic are pointed out, namely, low starting conditions (in 1923, the energy consumption per capita in Russia was 100 times lower than that in Norway), its being state-owned in nature and revolutionary in its purpose: to get done with the main upheavals in the country and to shift the national economy for fore efficient production. The role of V.I. Lenin and G.M. Krzhizhanovsky, who were the initiators of the electrification of Russia, is analyzed in detail. A conclusion is drawn about the need to study both the GOELRO Plan itself and the specific features and circumstances of its implementation within the framework of training modern specialists in electrical engineering.
Approximation of Transient Resonance Voltages and Currents in Power Transformer Windings to Determine Their Natural Frequencies and Damping Factors
Authors:   VEI — branch of FSUE «RFNC-VNIITF», Moscow, LARIN Vasily S. , MATVEEV Daniil A. ,   NRU «MPEI»
Published: December 2020

Transient interaction between power transformers and power cable lines may give rise to resonance overvoltages in the transformer primary windings. To develop protection measures against resonance overvoltages and to design transformers resistant to resonance overvoltages, it is necessary to know the natural frequencies of the transformer windings. Recent years have seen very rapid development of transformer windings high-frequency models. However, the mathematical models used in practice, which came from calculations of impulse overvoltages in transformer windings, reproduce the frequency dependences of losses and damping at natural frequencies with insufficient accuracy. To verify and improve the mathematical models used for analyzing high-frequency processes in transformer windings, it is necessary to have sufficient experimental data on the values of natural frequencies and damping factors. Methods for experimentally determining the natural frequencies and damping factors of power transformer windings are considered. Theoretical principles and analytical expressions for transient voltages and currents obtained for simplified equivalent circuits of windings with lumped parameters are given. An approach is proposed, according to which the transient voltages and currents in the winding are represented as the sum of steady-state and free components. The free component is then approximated using the theoretical expressions obtained for the equivalent circuits of the windings. The results of applying the approach to approximating the transient voltage at the midpoint and the current in the neutral of a dry-type transformer’s high-voltage winding are presented.
El problema del amateurismo y el profesionalismo deportivo en la URSS: 1941-1991
Authors: Ibarrola David Sebastián
Published: December 2020

El propósito de este trabajo es continuar con la indagación acerca del deporte soviético. Apoyándome en la bibliografía historiográfica pertinente, abordaré el problema del amateurismo y el profesionalismo en el período que abarca la segunda guerra mundial hasta la caída de la URSS, en referencia al modelo deportivo de dicho Estado. De este modo, me propongo completar lo comenzado en un trabajo previo, que abarcaba los primeros años del deporte soviético, para así aportar una perspectiva que permita observar el desenvolvimiento de aquellos aspectos del deporte que se desarrollaban de forma potencial en aquellos tiempos.
DIGITAL MARKETING UNTUK USAHA MIKRO KECIL MENENGAH (Studi Kasus Pada Coffeestrip Bandung)
Authors: Priyatna Centurion Chandratama , Prastowo FX. Ari Agung , Syuderajat Fajar
Published: December 2020

Sejak adanya pandemi COVID-19 pada saat ini, beberapa pengusaha mulai mencari jalan untuk menjual produk mereka dikarenakan beberapa lini bisnis tidak dapat beroperasi secara maksimal jika secara offline. Maka mereka melakukan bisnis digital, hal ini merupakan salah satu hal yang paling diminati di bidang ekonomi yang dilakukan untuk memperluas market share perusahaan dalam bisnis mereka secara online. Dari beberapa kategori bisnis di Indonesia, Usaha Mikro, Kecil dan Menengah atau (UMKM) merupakan salah satu kategori bisnis yang mendapatkan dampak paling besar dari pandemi COVID-19, dikarenakan keuangan dari pelaku bisnis kategori UMKM beberapa bahkan belum stabil sebelum adanya pandemi COVID-19 dan makin diperparah dengan adanya pandemi tersebut. Maka dari itu kami membantu salah satu UMKM di Bandung yaitu Coffeestrip, melalui pengurusan media sosial dengan merencanakan konten, foto produk, desain feeds Instagram, menulis caption, dan mengunggah konten. Semuanya dilakukan pada media sosial instagram Coffeestrip. Selain itu dilakukan juga pembuatan media platform marketplace (Shopee) dan on-demand multi-service platform (Gojek) untuk meningkatkan penjualan dari bisnis UMKM tersebut
PEMBERDAYAAN PEREMPUAN NELAYAN MELALUI PELATIHAN DIVERSIFIKASI PRODUK OLAHAN IKAN DI DESA PANGANDARAN KABUPATEN PANGANDARAN
Authors: Hartati Sri , Bayu Kartib , Mustari Eri , Zulfan Ipit , Nurhayanti Yani , Karim Edwin
Published: December 2020

Pemberdayaan masyarakat merupakan upaya untuk meningkatkan kemampuan dan potensi yang dimiliki oleh masyarakat sehingga mereka menjadi mampu mengaktualisasikan diri, harkat serta martabatnya secara maksimal untuk dapat mengembangkan diri secara mandiri. Kegiatan pelatihan ini ditujukan kepada perempuan nelayan di Desa Pangandaran. Sebagian besar perempuan nelayan ini memiliki aktivitas berjualan setiap hari libur ke Pantai Pangandaran. Tujuan pelatihan ini adalah untuk memberikan motivasi kepada perempuan nelayan dalam memanfaatkan peluang dengan membuat diversifikasi produk berbahan ikan. Tahapan pengabdian dilakukan mulai dari sosialisasi, pelaksanaan pengabdian dan evaluasi serta pendampingan. Hasil pelatihan menunjukkan terjadi peningkatan pemahaman terhdap materi yang disampaikan. Peserta sangat antusias dalam mengikuti kegiatan pemberdayaan yang dilakukan serta peserta menilai bahwa materi praktik yang disampaikan merupakan inovasi baru yang belum pernah diterima sebelumnya. Sebagian peserta telah mempraktikkan sendiri materi diversifikasi produk ikan untuk dikonsumsi oleh keluarga. Peserta lainnya memiliki ide untuk dijadikan peluang usaha sehingga diharapkan dapat membantu pendapatan keluarga.
La religión “vivida” frente a la "religión cívica" en la Antigüedad: un cambio de perspectiva
Authors: Rüpke Jörg
Published: December 2020

En contra de un concepto de “creencia” que parece demasiado cristiano, la religión antigua ha sido entendida en las últimas décadas principalmente como parte de la identidad y de las estrategias políticas. Así se ha definido como un sistema de reglas que regula los deberes de las personas hacia los dioses y, al mismo tiempo, las vincula a su ciudad: una “religión cívica”. El “votum” o el “don de la consagración” parecen confirmar este hallazgo incluso para la acción religiosa individual. Este estudio propone un cambio de perspectiva: especialmente el ejemplo del uso de objetos en la comunicación entre humanos y dioses muestra que la antigua práctica religiosa era sobre todo una “religión vivida”, que cambiaba una y otra vez.
Sueños religiosos en Lucrecio (DRN., V, 1161-1240)
Authors: Ruiz Castellanos Antonio
Published: December 2020

Analizamos un texto controvertido del De rerum natura (DRN) de Lucrecio (V, 1161-1240). En él se pregunta cómo surgió la idea de dios entre los primitivos ofreciéndose dos etiologías: Una legítima (vv. 1169-1182), que afirma que fue a través de las apariciones religiosas en sueños. Y otra no legítima, la religiosidad astral (1183-1240); la descalificación de ésta la han generalizado muchos editores a todo el texto. No argumentaremos de forma esotérica, ni freudiana, ni filosófica, sólo registramos la autonomía de la primera etiología mediante la sintaxis del texto y la utilización de las fuentes epicúreas, incluidos los papiros de Herculano.
Vom «autistischen Psychopathen» zum Autismusspektrum. Verhaltensdiagnostik und Persönlichkeitsbehauptung in der Geschichte des Autismus
Authors: Graf Rüdiger
Published: December 2020

Der Aufsatz untersucht das Verhältnis von Persönlichkeit und Verhalten in der Defi nition und Diagnostik des Autismus von Kanner und Asperger in den 1940er Jahren bis in die neueren Ausgaben des DSM und ICD. Dazu unterscheidet er drei verschiedene epistemische Zugänge zum Autismus: ein externes Wissen der dritten Person, das über Verhaltensbeobachtungen, Testverfahren und Elterninterviews gewonnen wird; ein stärker praktisches Wissen der zweiten Person, das in der andauernden, alltäglichen Interaktion bei Eltern und Betreuer*innen entsteht, und schließlich das introspektive Wissen der ersten Person, d.h. der Autist*innen selbst. Dabei resultiert die Kerndifferenz in der Behandlung des Autismus daraus, ob man meint, die Persönlichkeit eines Menschen allein über die Beobachtung von Verhaltensweisen erschließen zu können oder ob es sich um eine vorgängige Struktur handelt, die introspektiv zugänglich ist, Verhalten prägt und ihm Sinn verleihen kann. Die Entscheidung hierüber führt zu grundlegend anderen Positionierungen zu verhaltenstherapeutischen Ansätzen, wie insbesondere zu Ole Ivar Lovaas’ Applied Behavior Analysis.
Antalya İli ve Çevresinde Sığırcılık İşletmelerinde Bovine Viral Diyare Virus (BVDV) Enfeksiyonunun Serolojik Olarak Araştırılması
Authors: DEMİRSOY Ayşen , MAMAK Nuri
Published: December 2020

Bu çalışma Antalya İli ve çevresindeki büyükbaş hayvan işletmelerinde Bovine Viral Diyare Virus (BVDV) enfeksiyonunun seroprevalansının araştırılması amacıyla yapıldı. Çalışmada 94 işletmede bulunan 6 ay -15 yaşlı 470 adet sığırdan alınan kan örnekleri kullanıldı. Hayvanlara ait kan örnekleri V. Jugularis’ten 10 ml’lik steril vakumlu tüplere alındı. Tüpler 2000 devirde 10 dk. santrifüj edildi. Elde edilen serumlar test yapılıncaya kadar -25 ̊C’de derin dondurucuda saklandı. Serumlarda BVDV’una karşı antikor (Ab) varlığını belirlemek için BVDV (Ab)-ELISA, BVDV antijen (Ag) varlığını belirlemek amacıyla BVDV (Ag)-ELISA test kitleri kullanıldı. İncelenen kan örneklerinden 322’si (%68, 51) seropozitif, 148’i (%31, 48) seronegatif, 13’ü (%2, 76) persiste enfekte olarak tespit edildi. Seropozitiflik oranının yaş grupları arasında istatistiksel açıdan önemli olduğu belirlendi (p<0.05). Ayrıca yaş arttıkça seronegatifliğin azaldığı tespit edildi. Bu çalışma Antalya İli ve çevresinde BVD enfeksiyonunun seroprevalansını tespiti amacıyla gerçekleştirilen ilk çalışma özelliği taşımaktadır. Sonuç olarak; BVDV enfeksiyonu seropozitiflik ve PI oranı göz önüne alındığında, enfeksiyonun Antalya İli ve çevresinde yaygın olduğu görülmektedir. Bu sebepten dolayı hastalığa karşı gerekli kontrol ve koruma önlemlerinin alınması bölge ve ülke ekonomisi için önem arz etmektedir.
Real-world mapping of allergy immunotherapy in the United States: The argument for improving adherence
Authors: Stone Brian , Rance Karen , Waddell Douglas , Aagren Mark , Hammerby Eva , Tkacz Joseph P.
Published: December 2020

Background:There is a dearth of real-world evidence studies focused on allergy immunotherapy (AIT) use among patients with allergic rhinitis (AR).Objective:This study examined claims data of AR patients residing in the United States to assess patient characteristics and health outcomes.Methods:AR patients were identified in the IBM MarketScan database between January 1, 2014, and March 31, 2017. Patients receiving AIT were identified with relevant billing codes (earliest AIT claim for vaccine as the index date); patients without AIT were identified with claims that contained a diagnosis code for AR (earliest AR claim as the index date). All the patients were required to have continuous enrollment 12 months prior to and following their index date. AIT patients reaching 25+ injection claims were analyzed as a separate maintenance cohort. Patients were assessed for demographic characteristics, comorbid conditions, and health care utilization.Results:A total of 2,334,530 AR patients were included; 103,207 had at least one AIT claim, with 45,279 (43.9%) of these patients reaching maintenance. Patients who reached AIT maintenance presented higher rates of baseline comorbidities than both the full AIT cohort and the patients with no AIT claims, including asthma (34.6% versus 30.1% versus 7.5%) and upper respiratory tract infections (63.1% versus 60.3% versus 34.2%). From baseline to follow-up, maintenance AIT patients demonstrated reductions in all AR-related comorbidities assessed, along with reductions in all-cause and AR-related service utilization.Conclusion:Patients initiating AIT presented the greatest need for therapeutic intervention, as evidenced by higher allergy-related comorbidities; those who reached maintenance demonstrated improved outcomes following the initiation of therapy. Continued efforts to increase patient awareness and adherence to AIT are needed.
Book Review: Caribbean Writers on Teaching Literature, edited by Lorna Down and Thelma Baker
Authors: Horrell Georgina
Published: December 2020

Book review
EKSTRAK ETANOL BIJI ALPUKAT (Persea americana Mill.) DAN EKSTRAK ASETON DAUN YAKON (Smallanthus sonchifolius) SAMA EFEKTIFNYA DALAM MENURUNKAN KADAR GULA DARAH TIKUS YANG DIINDUKSI ALOKSAN
Authors: Putra Dylan , Manalu Jojor Lamsihar
Published: December 2020

Latar Belakang: Diabetes melitus merupakan penyakit yang banyak diderita oleh masyarakat di dunia termasuk Indonesia. Prevalensi penderita diabetes di Indonesia meningkat dari sebelumnya 6,9% (2013) menjadi 8,5% (2018). Biji alpukat dan daun yakon mengandung senyawa flavonoid dan astringen yang diduga memilliki efek menurunkan kadar gula darah. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk melihat perbandingan efektivitas ekstrak biji alpukat dan ekstrak daun yakon dalam menurunkan kadar gula darah pada tikus.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental menggunakan hewan uji tikus. Tikus dibagi ke dalam kelompok yang diberikan dosis 150 mg/kgBB, 300 mg/kgBB, dan 450 mg/kgBB. Kelompok tikus perlakuan diinduksi aloksan untuk meningkatkan kadar gula darah dan dilihat hasilnya 2 hari sebelum dilakukan pemberian ekstrak selama 5 hari. Proses ekstraksi dilakukan dengan metode maserasi. Analisis statistik menggunakan uji One Way Anova.Hasil: Terdapat penurunan kadar gula darah pada tiap kelompok tikus perlakuan yang diberikan alpukat dan daun yakon. Perbandingan efektivitas antara kedua perlakuan didapatkan hasil yang tidak bermakna (p>0,05).Simpulan: Ekstrak biji alpukat sama efektifnya dengan ekstrak daun yakon dalam penurunan kadar gula darah pada tikus yang diinduksi aloksan.
Multistage diagnosis of eye diseases using test systems
Authors:   Voronezh State Medical University named after N.N.Burdenko of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Kovalevskaya M.A. , Filina L.A. ,   Voronezh State Medical University named after N.N.Burdenko of the Ministry of Health of Russia
Published: December 2020

Главная причина обратимой слепоты – катаракта, которой страдают 33% людей с нарушением зрения. У пациентов с различными видами катаракт слезной жидкости определяют присутствие маркера возрастных изменений хрусталика – активного пероксиредоксина VI и/или фрагментов его распада. В случае наличия в слезной жидкости активного пероксиредоксина VI и/или фрагментов его распада диагностируют наличие возрастной катаракты. При отсутствии в слезной жидкости активного пероксиредоксина VI и/или фрагментов его распада диагностируют наличие катаракты, обусловленной изменениями хрусталика в ответ на фоновые расстройства метаболизма, катаракта при этом считается осложненной.
Surgical resection of the sclera is a non-penetrating operation for the treatment of patients with primary open-angle and secondary glaucoma
Authors:   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Kazantseva А.Y. , Rumyantseva O.A. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University
Published: December 2020

Purpose. To evaluate the effectiveness of surgical resection of the sclera in patients with primary open-angle and secondary glaucoma. Materials and methods. The study included 84 patients with POAG and SG stages III-IV and decompensated IOP level (not higher than 32 mm Hg). In order to normalize the increased ophthalmotonus, a non - penetrating operation was performed-surgical resection of the sclera (SRS). The patients underwent complex ophthalmological examination and dynamic observation. Result. In the studied groups of patients after surgical treatment there was a decrease in elevated IOP levels by 33.42%, an improvement in the coefficient of ease of outflow and a weakening of the hypotensive regime. Stabilization of visual functions was observed in all patients. Summary. The proposed new SRS technique provides a smooth decrease in IOP, preservation of visual functions and is not accompanied by intra-and postoperative complications. Key words: primary open-angle glaucoma, surgical resection of sclera, secondary glaucoma, uveoscleral outflow pathway (USPO), intraocular pressure, EO coefficient .
Micropulse Transscleral Cyclophotocoagulation in the Combine Treatment of Neovascular Glaucoma
Authors:   S.N. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Clinic, Department of Surgical Treatment of Glaucoma, Khodzhaev N.S. , Sidorova A.V. ,   S.N. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Clinic, Department of Surgical Treatment of Glaucoma, Eliseeva M.A. ,   S.N. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Clinic, Department of Surgical Treatment of Glaucoma
Published: December 2020

Introduction. Neovascular glaucoma (NVG) is one of the most prognostically unfavorable forms of the glaucomatous process. The leading pathogenetic mechanism for the development of NVH is hypoxia of the inner layers of the retina, leading to the development of endothelial vascular growth factors (VEGF), which induce neovascular proliferation. In the presence of newly formed vessels in the corner of the anterior chamber, the use of traditional surgical methods for treating glaucoma is limited. That is why the search for a new pathogenetically oriented methods for the treatment of NVH is still acute issue in ophthalmology. Purpose. To evaluate the preliminary results of combined treatment, including intraocular introduction of anti-VEGF therapies (ranibizumab) and micropulse cyclophotocoagulation, in patients with secondary neovascular glaucoma. Materials and methods. The study included 15 patients (15 eyes) with secondary neovascular glaucoma. The value of intraocular pressure (IOP) before surgery ranged from 28 to 44 mm Hg. (average 36.3 ± 4.4 mm Hg), the number of hypotensive drops was 3.5 ± 0.5. The combine treat of patients including the intraocular administration of a VEGF inhibitor (ranibizumab) and through 7-14 days transscleral diode-laser cyclophotocoagulation in micropulse mode on the device «Cyclo G6 Glaucoma Laser System» (IRIDEX, USA) with a laser power of 2000 mW, an exposition of 160 s (80 s in each hemisphere) and a duty cycle of 31.3%. Results. All treatment procedures were performed without complications. By 6 months of follow-up, the average IOP level was 26.9 ± 3.3 mm Hg, the number of hypotensive drops was reduced to 2.7 ± 0.7 drugs. By 1 month of observation, a decrease in the number of newly formed vessels of the iris was achived in all patients. According to ultrasound biomicroscopy, the thickness of the ciliary body (CT) before treatment was on average 0.58 ± 0.14 mm. By 6 months of follow-up, no cases of postoperative atrophy of CT was diagnosed, the thickness of the CT was on average 0.53 ± 0.11 mm. According to the data of optical coherence tomography in the angiography mode, in all cases there was a positive dynamic in 1 month after combined treatment - a significant decrease in macular edema, the area of the retinal nonperfusion zone and the number of newly formed vessels. Conclusion. Combined treatment of patients with secondary neovascular glaucoma, including intraocular introduction of anti-VEGF therapies and micropulse cyclophotocoagulation, is an effective and safe method for reducing IOP.