bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IMMUNOCYTOLOGICAL LOCALIZATION OF LYSOZYME IN HUMAN SKIN
Authors: Ogawa Hideoki
Published: April 2015

Antibody against human lysozyme was purified from sera of immunized rabbits using the immuno‐absorption technique.

After conjugation of the purified antibody against human lysozyme with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC), immunofluorescent studies were carried out on both normal human skin and peripheral blood cells. Specific immunofluorescence appeared in the cytoplasm of epidermal cells and was much stronger in the upper cell layer than in the basal cell layer. Only slight fluorescence appeared in the horny layer. In the dermis, linear fluorescence was found along collagen fibers. In the immunocytological examination of peripheral blood cells, lysozyme was found in the cytoplasm of the polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMN's).
SIX CASES OF ERYTHROPOIETIC PROTOPORPHYRIA
Authors: Nonaka Shigeo , Nishimoto Katsutaro , Hirowatari Tokuji , Honda Tetsuzo , Nogita Michio
Published: April 2015

Six patients with erythropoietic protoporphyria, the most common of the porphyrias, were seen at Nagasaki University Hospital and studied clinically and histopathologically. Cutaneous changes were observed in all six patients and are considered to be the result of both protoporphyrin and sunlight. These changes were classified as either acute or chronic, and the chronic changes were examined histologically and revealed a perivascular accumulation of PAS positive material in the upper dermis.

Slight aberrations of liver function were found in three of our six cases, and we suggest that the liver cells were involved by a combination of protoporphyrin and sunlight.
KERATOSIS PALMOPLANTARIS MUTILANS*
Authors: Kikuchi Ichiro , Nagata Takashi , Abe Shigeo
Published: April 2015

Keratosis palmoplantaris mutilans was observed in a 50‐year‐old Japanese woman and one of her sons. The woman had saddle nose, a low IQ, was a victim of epileptic seizures for 20 years and of anosmia for one year. Her son did not share any of these symptoms.
FIVE CASES OF TICK BITE
Authors: Sakai Shigeo , Noguchi Makoto , Sofuni Satoshi , Fukushi Gyo , Yamaguchi Tomio , Takada Nobuhiro
Published: April 2015

Reported here are five cases of tick bite: in a 2‐year‐old boy, a 3‐year‐old girl, a 72‐year‐old woman, a 29‐year‐old woman, and a 51‐year‐old man. Four cases are thought to have occurred in a mountain area while one occurred in a city garden. None were accompanied with severe systemic symptoms or deuteropathies. The parasites were identified as the adult female tick Ixodes ovatus Neumann (3 cases) and Ixodes nipponensis Kitaoka et Saito (2 cases), which are commonly distributed in Japan.
TRIPLE FUNGAL INFECTION—CHRONIC MUCOCUTANEOUS CANDIDIASIS, EXOPHYTIC DERMATOPHYTOSIS AND CRYPTOCOCCAL MENINGITIS: A NEW AND UNUSUAL COMBINATION—
Authors: Matsumoto Tadahiko
Published: April 2015

The clinical and immunological studies of an unusual case of chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis (CMCC) are reported. An 18‐year‐old male with life‐long CMCC was superinfected by a dermatophyte showing exophytic clinical features in his childhood. In addition he has suffered from fatal cryptococcal meningitis since the age of 18. The combination of three fungi, i.e., Candida albicans, Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Cryptococcus neoformans, has not been found in an examination of the literature.

The author's hypothesis, “immune deviation theory” in the pathogenesis of CMCC, is presented in detail.

The possible role of hypovitaminosis A and disorder of iron metabolism in CMCC and treatment of CMCC are reviewed briefly.
TREATMENT OF PUSTULOSIS PALMARIS ET PLANTARIS WITH LARGE DOSES OF VITAMIN B12
Authors: Miura Takashi , Torinuki Wakio , Makino Yoshio
Published: April 2015

Thirty‐three patients with pustulosis palmaris et plantaris were treated with large doses of vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin and/or coenzyme B12). Those patients receiving large doses for a long period of time showed a better response than those who received small doses for a shorter period.
CLINICAL STUDY OF ANTINUCLEAR ANTIBODY AND ITS RELATION TO CLINICAL COURSE
Authors: Deng Jau‐Shyong , Wu Ying‐Chin , Lü Yau‐Chin
Published: April 2015

Indirect immunofluorescent test was used to study the clinical significance of antinuclear antibodies (ANA) in 116 systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. It was found that ANA was present in 96.5% of SLE patients and that their presence could serve as an important laboratory characteristics. A titer of 160 or more could also serve as suggestive evidence for SLE. The chief morphological appearance of ANA was peripheral pattern and homogenous pattern. The peripheral pattern was associated with high titer. A change of titer and pattern were interrelated. A change from homogenous to peripheral pattern indicated a downhill course of the disease, and a change from peripheral to homogenous pattern showed clinical improvement of the disease.
CLINICAL COURSE OF ATROPHIE BLANCHE
Authors: Miura Takashi , Torinuki Wakio
Published: April 2015

Lesions of atrophie blanche which developed in 2 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus have been followed up for 3 years. The observation was made that atrophie blanche was not always preceded by ulcers but healed directly as scars. It was assumed that atrophie blanche might not be a terminal stage of necrotizing angitis but an intermediate one in the healing process.
FREEZE‐ETCHING OBSERVATIONS OF Fonsecaea pedrosoi
Authors: Hasegawa Teruhiko , Takeuchi Makoto , Nakai Eiichi , Rajan V.S.
Published: April 2015

The fine structure of Fonsecaea pedrosoi was studied by freeze‐etching techniques. The structure of the cell wall as seen in Trichophyton groups was not observed. The invaginations were clearly shown in the plasma membrane. Three‐dimensional views of the fine structure were presented.
A CASE OF CHROMOMYCOSIS TREATED WITH 5‐FLUOROCYTOSINE
Authors: Maruta Hiroyuki , Minami Kikuo
Published: April 2015

A 46‐year‐old housewife was treated orally with 5‐fluorocytosine (5‐FC). She was almost cured at 15 weeks after the administration. Under histological and electron microscopical examination, spores in the lesions were observed to be markedly decreased in number, and all of them had suffered a change of shape or had been destroyed. At the end of 33 weeks, however, the patient had a complete relapse.
IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL STUDY OF HUMAN XANTHOMA
Authors: Kodama Hajime , Masuda Tsutomu
Published: April 2015

Specimens of human tuberous xanthomas obtained from two hyper‐β‐lipoproteinemic patients were prepared with HE and Sudan III stain and by direct immunofluorescence with fluorescein isothiocyanate labeled antihuman β‐lipoprotein rabbit serum. In some histiocytes and foam cells in early stages, lipids were stained in granular patterns and specific fluorescence was observed. In some foam cell nests, specific fluorescence was weak or absent, and orange‐colored lipid autofluorescence was present. The foam cells in such nests were probably late foam cells and corresponded to the large cytoplasmic foam cells stained densely and amorphously for lipids. It was concluded that at early stages of xanthoma formation, serum lipoproteins were incorporated into dermal histiocytes and early foam cells. The apoproteins of the incorporated lipoproteins were probably degraded and lipid residues accumulated in the cells. Specimens of tuberous xanthoma covered by plane xanthoma showed lipids and bright specific fluorescence at the basement membrane zone. A faint fluorescence was observed in the upper dermis and even in parts of the epidermal intercellular spaces.
PHENYLALANINE HYDROXYLASE DEFICIENCY IN THE PERIPHERAL LYMPHOCYTES FROM PHENYLKETONURIA
Authors: Yoshii Tamiko , Toda Kiyoshi , Kobori Tatsuji
Published: April 2015

A radiograph of the incorporation of 3H‐phenylalanine and 3H‐tyrosine into cultured lymphocytes in a phenylketonuria patient indicates phenylalanine hydroxylase deficiency in the peripheral lymphocytes.

Cultured lymphocytes from the patient showed much less uptake of 3H‐phenylalanine and a slightly higher incorporation of 3H‐tyrosine than the control. It is possible that a lack of phenylalanine hydroxylase in the peripheral lymphocytes of PKU patients prevents oxidation of phenylalanine to tyrosine.
ORTHOPEDIC SYMPTOMS IN PUSTULAR BACTERID (PUSTULOSIS PALMARIS ET PLANTARIS): TIETZE'S SYNDROME AND ARTHRITIS OF MANUBRIOSTERNAL JOINT DUE TO FOCAL INFECTION
Authors: Ishibashi Akira , Nishiyama Yoshio , Endo Mikio , Kawaji Wataru , Kato Tadashi
Published: April 2015

Painful orthopedic symptoms in the sternal area, such as arthritis of the manubriosternal and sternoclavicular joint or Tietze's syndrome, were found in 14 of 132 cases of pustulosis palmaris et plantaris.

The majority of the pustulosis palmaris et plantaris patients with orthopedic symptoms had skin eruptions not only on the palms and soles, but also on the backs of the hands and feet, the arms, the legs and the trunk. Such cases were usually accompanied by elevation of the erythrocyte sedimentation rate, leucocytosis, changes in serum globulin, and also pyrexia at the time of exacerbation.

The skin and orthopedic symptoms often worsened after acute exacerbation of the focal infection, and occasionally responded to tonsillectomy or chemotherapy with antibiotics, which is suggestive of the probable cause of the bacterid.
XANTHOMA‐INDUCING β‐LIPOPROTEIN IMMUNE COMPLEXES
Authors: Kodama Hajime
Published: April 2015

Untreated rabbits and rabbits sensitized with human β‐lipoproteins were intracutaneously injected with either human or rabbit β‐lipoproteins (2 mg as protein). Forty‐eight hours later, at the human β‐lipoprotein injection site, dense cell infiltrations stood out sharply demarcated from the surrounding region. The infiltrating cells were composed of polymorphonuclear cells, nuclear dust and histiocytes. Foam cell nests were observed in sensitized rabbit dermis one week after human β‐lipoprotein injection. Direct immunofluorescence employing fluorescein isothiocyanate labeled antihuman β‐lipoprotein antiserum showed that the injected human β‐lipoproteins were incorporated into the infiltrating cells of sensitized rabbit dermis up to 48 hours after injection. Specific fluorescence was greatly reduced but lipid autofluorescence remained in mature foam cells. During the 3‐week examination period, no trace of foam cell nests was found at the site of human β‐lipoprotein injection on non‐sensitized rabbits. Intracutaneous rabbit β‐lipoprotein injection revealed no histiocytic infiltrations in either sensitized or non‐sensitized rabbits. These findings indicated that intracutaneously injected human β‐lipoporteins were incorporated into rabbit dermal histiocytes more easily in aggregated immune complex form than in their natural state. These histiocytes were easily transformed to foam cells. Apoproteins of the incorporated lipoproteins were degraded, and lipid residues accumulated in mature foam cells.
HELIOTHERAPY OF PITYRIASIS LICHENOIDES CHRONICA
Authors: Takada Yoshio , Irisawa Kaikichi , Kawada Akihiro
Published: April 2015

Fifteen patients with pityriasis lichenoides chronica (parapsoriasis guttata) were treated with sunlight irradiation during the summer months at seaside resorts under the supervision of the authors. Complete clearing occurred in 1 of the patients, almost complete clearing in 8, definte improvement in 4, temporary clearing in 2. All patients responded beneficially and no worsening was noted in these 15 cases. In an additional six cases who were instructed to expose themselves to sunlight similar results were obtained.
ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC OBSERVATIONS ON THE LESIONS OF HERPES ZOSTER WITH TOPICAL APPLICATION OF INTERFERON
Authors: Uyeda Keiichi , Kagami Kiyoshi , Sotomatsu Shigetaro
Published: April 2015

The lesions of herpes zoster in three patients were investigated electron microscopically before and after topical application of interferon.

In the blister, on the 5th to 7th day after its formation, the following were seen: acantholytic cells with virus particles in the nucleus and cytoplasm, multinucleated cells derived from keratinocytes, edematous and degenerated keratinocytes containing virus particles and tonofibrillar materials, macrophages with many large vacuoles, neutrophils, lymphocytes and Langerhans's cells.

After the first application of interferon, the findings for keratinocytes were the same as those of before application and keratinocytes were frequently found adjacent to macrophages. The macrophages were large and had numerons large vacuoles in the cytoplasm. After the second application of interferon, virus particles were often seen in the vacuoles of the macrophages in comparison with that before application. In the cytoplasm of macrophages, acantholytic keratinocytes and tonofibrillar materials were phagocytized. Many virus particles were seen in the vacuoles of some acantholytic keratinocytes.

It was concluded from these findings that the macrophages accelerated the phagocytotic activity of the virus particles.
PITYRIASIS LICHENOIDES ET VARIOLIFORMIS ACUTA IMMUNOHISTOPATHOLOGIC STUDY*
Authors: Hayashi Tsutomu
Published: April 2015

Immunoglobulin M and complement (Clq, C3 and C9) were found to be deposited together in the walls of affected blood vessels and also in the basement membrane zone of skin lesions from two patients with pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta (PLVA). The fluorescence appeared to be most intensely distributed in blood vessels which were affected by inflammatory infiltrates and frequently showed hyaline or fibrinoid changes of their walls. Deposits of C3 activator, fibrin and albumin were not observed. These findings suggest that the disease process in PLVA is the result of a vasculitis mediated by an immune complex and possibly by activation of the classical complement pathway.

In addition, serum IgM was slightly increased in both patients.
UNSPECIFIC INCREASE OF ANTISTREPTOLYSIN‐O TITER IN ACUTE GUTTATE PSORIASIS
Authors: Sato Hideya , Ishikawa Hidekazu
Published: April 2015

An acute streptococcal infection is well‐known to be a predisposing factor in acute guttate psoriasis. This study also revealed a high ASO titer in 11 of 13 patients at first examination. However, a non‐specific ASO increase due to non‐immunological reaction of serum lipoproteins with antistreptolysin‐O, was found in 5 of these patients who visited our clinic at the evolving phase, 2 or 3 weeks after onset of the eruption but was no longer observed at 5–6 weeks and thereafter. On the other hand, specific ASO increase, which was not related to lipoproteins, was observed first in some patients at 3–4 weeks and at 7–10 weeks in all patients examined. These observations suggest the role of streptococcal lipoprotein alteration in the occurrence of this disease.
INACTIVATION OF T4 BACTERIOPHAGE BY NEAR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT IN THE PRESENCE OF 8‐METHOXYPSORALEN
Authors: Suzuki Kenshi , Yanagisawa Fukuko , Fujita Hitoshi , Ohkido Muneo
Published: April 2015

The killing action of near ultraviolet light emitted from a fluorescent black‐light lamp in the presence of 8‐methoxypsoralen was investigated using bacteriophage T4D and its mutants. It was found that a far ultraviolet‐sensitive mutant, T4v, was no more sensitive to the present photoreaction than the wild type. T4px and T4y were a little more sensitive than T4D. Contrary to the results of illumination with monochromatic light, exponential survival curves with pronounced shoulders were obtained. The reason for this finding is discussed on the basis of the mode of photoreaction.
THERMOGRAPHIC VENOGRAPHY
Authors: Kawatsu Tomoyuki , Miki Yoshiharu
Published: April 2015

The superficial venous flow of the limb can be thermographically visualized when the distal portion of the limb is heated in a water bath.

A total of 23 healthy adults and 116 adult patients with active or inactive venous occlusions and related diseases of the lower limb was examined by the thermographic venography. Abnormal thermovenograms included those with completely absent or delayed visulization, cessation or partial interruption, tortuosity or increased collateral flow, depending on the location and nature of the pathology.

Thermographic venography can be used as a new diagnostic technique for screening before the radiation venography.
XANTHOMA FORMATION BY HUMAN β‐LIPOPROTEIN IMMUNE COMPLEXES IN RABBIT BLOOD STREAM
Authors: Kodama Hajime
Published: April 2015

Two untreated rabbits and two rabbits sensitized with human β‐lipoproteins were intravenously injected with human β‐lipoproteins (20 mg as proteins) once a day for 18 days. One of the sensitized rabbits revealed three xanthomas along a yellow tendon of the left leg. Elevation of serum cholesterol level by the repeated injections was slight. Histologically, the xanthomas showed many foam cell nests around the vessels. Numerous polymorphonuclear cells and histiocytes were observed in the central area of these nests. Mature foam cells crowded the peripheral zone. In the intermediate zone, immature foam cells appeared. Immunohistochemical and lipid histochemical studies indicated the incorporation of human β‐lipoproteins into the histiocytes and immature foam cells. In the mature foam cells, however, apoproteins of human β‐lipoproteins had been degraded. The xanthomas apparently developed from the incorporation of extravasated human β‐lipoprotein immune complexes into dermal histiocytes. It is conceivable that human β‐lipoproteins were incorporated more easily in the aggregated immune complex form than in their natural form. Another possibility is that human β‐lipoproteins were more readily incorporated when they were rendered polycationic by complexing with immunoglobulins.
IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL AND ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC CHARACTERIZATION OF LYMPHOMATOID PAPULOSIS
Authors: Jimbow Kowichi , Kato Mihoko , Sugiyama Sadao
Published: April 2015

A case of a seven year old boy with lymphomatoid papulosis is presented in terms of (a) clinical and histopathological distinction from pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta (PLEVA), and (b) immunohistochemical and electron microscopic characterization of infiltrating cells in skin lesions. Our case showed recurrent episodes of high fever and skin eruptions similar to those seen in the ulceronecrotic form of PLEVA for three years. However, the case has been differentiated from PLEVA by showing (a) recurrent episodes of skin eruptions, (b) spontaneous remission of these eruptions, (c) presence of numerous eosinophils in the infiltrates, (d) dense aggregation of atypical lymphohistiocytic cells with the membrane marker of T‐lymphocytes, and (e) various, ultrastructural features similar to those seen in lymphoblastogenesis. Our immunohistochemical and electron microscopic studies suggest that the infiltrating cells in lymphomatoid papulosis are primarily derived from variants of T‐lymphocytes which are in the process of reactive lymphocytic hyperplasia.
FIBRINOLYTIC THERAPY FOR PROGRESSIVE SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS AND TISSUE FIBRINOLYTIC ACTIVITY IN AFFECTED SKIN
Authors: Shigemi Fumio , Fujita Tomomichi , Ohsaki Masafumi , Shiraishi Satoshi
Published: April 2015

In our present study, impairment of tissue fibrinolytic activity was observed in the affected skin of patients with progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS) by fibrinolytic autography. We treated PSS with a fibrinolytic agent, urokinase, based on the idea that the impairment of tissue fibrinolytic activity is implicated in the development of PSS. Two patients with PSS have responded favorably well to administration of Urokinase.
NEW ATTENDANTS AT THE OUT‐PATIENT CLINIC OF THE DEPARTMENT OF DERMATO‐VENEREOLOGY, Dr. CIPTO MANGUNKUSMO TEACHING AND GENERAL HOSPITAL, JAKARTA, 1976
Authors: Kosasih Achmad , Soebaryo Retno Widowati
Published: April 2015

This paper has reported new cases of patients attending the out‐patient clinic of the Department of Dermato‐Venereology, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, during the period of 1976. A total of 170 types of skin diseases have been diagnosed, among 13514 patients, and four kinds of venereal diseases among 344 patients.
A LIGHT AND ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC STUDY OF A CASE OF RADIATION INDUCED MALIGNANT GIANT CELL TUMOR OF THE SOFT TISSUE
Authors: Inada Shuichi , Yanai Shoko , Yamasaki Reiko , Numata Tsunemi , Jidoi Joji , Yamura Takuso , Egawa Hiromi
Published: April 2015

A case of malignant giant cell tumor of the soft tissue in a 59‐year‐old female is presented. Total hysterectomy was performed for uterine carcinoma (histologically squamous cell carcinoma) in 1963, followed by radiation treatment for 6 months. Chronic radiodermatitis developed thereafter on the skin of the hip joint region, buttocks and lower abdominal region. A tumor developed in the lesion of chronic radiodermatitis of the left hip joint region in August 1976 and this was excised on February 23, 1977. Two recurrent tumors and a metastatic lesion in the inguinal lymph node developed, which were surgically removed. The main tumor, measuring 7.5 cm in maximum diameter, was found chiefly in the subcutaneous adipose tissue. Histologically, it was composed of a mixture of fibroblastic spindle‐shaped cells, histiocytic mononuclear cells, bizarre giant cells and osteoclast‐like multinucleated giant cells. Occasionally osteoid tissues were seen. Electron microscopically, undifferentiated cells, fibroblastic cells, monohistiocytic cells, osteoclast like multinucleated giant cells and macrophages were observed, and these cells were considered to be divided into three cell lines, that is an undifferentiated cell line, fibroblastic cell line and histiocytic cell line.

The histogenesis of malignant giant cell tumor in this case, is considered to have been from undifferentiated cells to both fibroblastic and histiocytic differentiation through the neoplastic stimulus of radiation.
INDUSTRIAL CONTACT DERMATITIS DUE TO NITRO AND AMINO DERIVATIVES
Authors: Naniwa Shiro
Published: April 2015

Mass‐examination of all 31 employees of a chemical factory revealed that 20 of them were proved or suspected to have contact hypersensitivities to chemical substances used in the factory as follows: 12 cases were sensitive to 2‐amino‐4‐chlorophenol, 5 to para‐aminophenol, 2 to para‐dichloronitrobenzene, and 1 to para‐nitrophenol. Among the 5 compounds tested (including the above 4 substances and 3′‐chlorodiphenylamine‐2‐carboxylic acid), 2‐amino‐4‐chlorophenol was found to be an especially strong sensitizer.
AN EXPERIMENTAL MODEL OF XANTHOMA BY INTRADERMAL DEXTRAN SULFATE INJECTION
Authors: Kodama Hajime , Arakawa Kenzo , Nagao Yo , Tada Jyoji , Masuda Tsutomu , Nohara Nozomi
Published: April 2015

Large molecular weight sodium dextran sulfate (SDS) injection into the dermis of both normolipemic rabbits and hypercholesterolemic rabbits induced infiltration of histiocytes and foam cells. Sudan III staining showed that the histiocytes and foam cells of hypercholesterolemic rabbits accumulated lipids similarly to xanthoma foam cells. The accumulated lipids increased as the injection was repeated at the same site. However, the lipid accumulation was minimal in the histiocytes of normolipemic rabbits. As determined by quantitative analysis of lipid composition in the lesions of hypercholesterolemic rabbits, cholesterol esters remarkably increased concomitantly with injection frequency. Free cholesterol accumulation was less pronounced than cholesterol ester. In normolipemic rabbit dermis, accumulation of free cholesterol was insignificant and cholesterol esters did not accumulate progressively with repeated SDS injections. Apparently the foam cells of hypercholesterolemic rabbits actively incorporated serum low density lipoproteins (LDL) and cholesterol was esterified in the foam cells. On the other hand, LDL were minimally incorporated into histiocytes in the normolipemic state. The intradermal SDS injection is a beneficial experimental model for further investigations on the mechanisms of lipid accumulation and the intracytoplasmic lipid metabolism of xanthoma foam cells.
CYCLIC AMP AND EPIDERMAL CELL DIVISION
Authors: Aso Kazuo , Kondo Shigeo , Amano Michiko
Published: April 2015

The relationship of cyclic AMP to epidermal cell division has been studied in cultured guinea pig epidermal cells. Tritiated thymidine uptake by cultured cells reached a peak the second day after seeding. A significant drop in the concentration of cyclic AMP occurred simultaneously with the increased uptake of tritiated thymidine into DNA. Those cells in which the concentration of cyclic AMP decreased did not respond to external prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) stimulation. The response was restored in the cultured cells on the fourth and fifth when intracellular concentration of cyclic AMP started to rise. The results indicate that there is a cyclic alteration of the surface membrane of epidermal cells during active DNA synthesis which may be related to fluctuation in the intracellular concentration of cyclic AMP.
COMPARATIVE IMMUNOCHEMICAL STUDIES ON SPOROTHRIX SPECIES
Authors: Ishizaki Hiroshi , Nakamura Yoichi , Wheat Robert W.
Published: April 2015

Serological and chemical characteristics of eleven Sporothrix species were investigated by use of immunodiffusion precipitin reactions and gas liquid chromatography.

The results presented in this study correspond with the morphological observations of Hoog, which indicated close similarities among S. schenckii, S. schenckii var. luriei, S. curviconia, and S. inflata. It is also suggested that in addition to the well known rhamnose determinants, mannose and/or galactose determinants also occur in Sporothrix schenckii antigens.
EFFECTS OF CYTOCHALASIN B ON HUMAN MALIGNANT
Authors: Kanzaki Tamotsu , Hashimoto Ken
Published: April 2015

Human malignant melanoma cells and human squamous cell carcinoma cells were treated with cytochalasin B (CB) in vitro and observed with light and electron microscopes. When spindle‐shaped melanoma cells were treated with CB, they rounded up and their submembranous microfilaments (mf) (6 nanometers thick) vanished totally. After being released from CB after treatment for 10 days, they became flat and the submembranous mf reappeared to a nearly normal extent. Squamous cell carcinoma cells, when treated with CB, did not round up and the submembranous mf did not disappear.

These results suggest that (i) submembranous microfilaments are not essential to make and keep certain types of cells round and (ii) the responses of cells to cytochalasin B are quite different in different cells.
SYSTEMIC EFFECTS OF TOPICAL APPLICATION OF BECLOMETHASONE 17,21‐DIPROPIONATE—COMPARATIVE STUDIES WITH BETAMETHASONE 17‐VALERATE OINTMENT AND FLUOCINONIDE CREAM—
Authors: Shimao Shuhei
Published: April 2015

The systemic effects and clinical effects of topical application of 0.025% beclomethasone 17,21‐dipropionate ointment (BDO) and cream (BDC) by occlusive dressing technique (ODT) to adult patients with psoriasis were studied comparatively using a double blind test with 0.12% betamethasone 17‐valerate ointment (BVO) and 0.05% fluocinonide cream (FC) as control drugs. Further, the systemic effects of simple application (SA) of BDO were studied in infant patients with atopic dermatitis.

The observation of adult patients with psoriasis revealed that the plasma cortisol value in BVO and FC groups decreased significantly as compared with that in BDO and BDC groups. This tendency was more remarkable when comparing the BDO 20 g group and the BVO 20 g group as well as the BDC 20 g group and the FC 20 g group. There was also a significant decrease in the eosinophil count in BVO and FC groups as compared with that in BDO and BDC goups.

In infants with atopic dermatitis treated with BDO 5 g or 10 g, the plasma cortisol value remained unchanged, but the eosinophil count decreased remarkably in both groups.

No noticeable changes in blood glucose or urinary electrolytes (Na, K and Cl) were observed in adult psoriasis patients treated with BDO, BDC, BVO or FC or in infant atopic dermatitis patients treated with BDO.

No significant differences in clinical effects were found between either the BDO and BVO groups or the BDC and FC groups.
PSEUDOPYOGENIC GRANULOMA
Authors: Kimura Shunji
Published: April 2015

Papular lesions of pseudopyogenic granuloma were examined before and during treatment with systemic corticosteroid using both light and electron microscopy. Before treatment, these lesions showed a proliferation of vessels lined with plump endothelial cells and heavy lymphohistiocytic infiltrates with numerous eosinophils in the dermis. During treatment, flattened papules showed a dilatation of vessels lined with flattened endothelial cells, extravasation of red cells, discontinuity of endothelial basal lamina, and, ultimately, discontinuity of the endothelial cells themselves. Eosinophils were rarely found. From these findings, it can be said that the morphological effects of corticosteroid on microvasculature have in part been elucidated.
DELAYED HYPERSENSITIVITY CROSS‐REACTIONS AMONG SPOROTHRIX SPECIES IN SPOROTRICHOTIC PATIENTS
Authors: Ishizaki Hiroshi , Nakamura Yoichi , Kurata Yukio , Iwatsu Tokio , Wheat Robert W.
Published: April 2015

Cutaneous delayed hypersensitivity to antigens prepared from Sporothrix schenckii, S. schenckii var. luriei (atypical S. schenckii), S. curviconia, S. inflata and S. ghanensis was tested in eleven cutaneous sporotrichotic patients. Cross‐reactions were observed in various degrees. Five normal controls were not reactive.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE FUNCTIONS OF EPIDERMAL LANGERHANS CELLS IN HAIRLESS MICE AND NUDE MICE
Authors: Masutani Mamoru , Iwahara Kunio
Published: April 2015

An experimental examination of contact allergic hypersensitivity in hairless mice and nude mice was carried out using 2,4‐dinitro‐1‐chlorobenzene. In normal nude mice without T‐cells, we were unable to detect apposition of mononuclear cells to Langerhans cells. In hairless mice, however, we could detect apposition of mononuclear cells to Langerhans cells after both sensitization and challenge procedures. Accordingly, hypotheses are proposed that mononuclear cells are T‐cells, and that Langerhans cells play the role of target cells which do not traverse the epidermis but remain within it.

When we studied untreated hairless mice, a few immature Langerhans cells and indeterminate dendritic cells could be seen. Three hours after the challenge with 2,4‐dinitro‐1‐chlorobenzene, however, a great number of mature Langerhans cells were recognizable. The investigation of nude mice yielded reciprocal data.
EOSINOPHILIC PUSTULAR FOLLICULITIS
Authors: Saruta Takao , Nakamizo Yoshio
Published: April 2015

Pustulosis pulmaris et plantaris‐like lesions occurring often concurrently were studied clinically and histologically with the following results.

The incidence of P.P.‐like lesions occurring concurrently with eosinophilic pustular folliculitis is high.

It increases and decreases almost in parallel with cutaneous lesions in other regions.

It can be differentiated clinically from pustulosis pulmaris et plantaris.

Cutaneous lesions are often seen on the elbow and knee in P.P. while it is often found in the face and back in eosinophilic pustular folliculitis.

Unlike P.P. and eczema, they have a histology specific to this disease.

They have a similarity to histology of the hair‐root sheath.

On the basis of the findings above, we think P.P. ‐like lesions are partial symptoms of this disease.

Since the palm and sole have no hair follicles, we think it is better to call this disease Eosinophilic pustular dermatosis.
ULTRASTRUCTURE OF SENILE KERATOSIS
Authors: Kimura Shunji
Published: April 2015

Three cases of a hypertrophic type of senile keratosis were examined by an electron microscope. All three showed similar changes, although some variability from case to case was also observed. Lesional epidermis showed widened intercellular spaces with microvilli‐formation, a general increase in the bulk of the basal cells, a decrease in number of desmosomes, a decrease in the amount of tonofilaments, various degrees of aggregations of tonofibrils, binucleated keratinocytes, mitotic figures, prominent nucleoli, and an increase in number of nuclear bodies. In lesional dermoepidermal junctions, discontinuity of the basal lamina with cytoplasmic projections of the basal cells to the upper dermis was not infrequently observed. These changes are similar to those found in Bowen's disease, but are somewhat milder. In addition, in one case, keratinocytes of lesional epidermis showed lamellar structures closely associated with the rough endoplasmic reticulum. Significance of these structures is discussed.
CONTACT SENSITIVITY IN MICE INDUCED BY TOLYLENE DIISOCYANATE (TDI)
Authors: Tanaka Ken‐Ichi
Published: April 2015

Contact sensitivity cannot be easily induced in mice by simple chemicals. The author has found that tolylene diisocyanate (TDI), which is widely used in industry, can produce a delayed type of hypersensitivity in mice. The delayed onset of the ear reaction and the histology of the ear swelling observed were characteristic of contact sensitivity. Adoptive transfer of contact sensitivity was possible in inbred mice. Since TDI is a causative agent of bronchial asthma, this discovery may be useful in clarifying the relationship between immediate and delayed types of hypersensitivity.
A CASE OF PLASMACYTOSIS WITH MULTIPLE PECULIAR ERUPTIONS
Authors: Kitamura Keijiro , Tamura Nobuya , Hatano Hitoshi , Toyama Keisuke , Mikata Atsuo , Watanabe Shaw
Published: April 2015

A 32‐year‐old man had been in good health until he noticed painful swelling of the lymph nodes in the left occipital region in spring of 1975. Half a year later, multiple, infiltrating erythematous or nodular lesions appeared on the anterior chest and then spread over almost his entire body except for the lower extremities. These skin lesions were reddish brown to purplish brown in color, and irregular in shape and size. All of his superficial lymph nodes were palpable, and pain was felt on pressure. No other systemic symptoms were noted.

Laboratory findings showed polyclonal gammopathy; total protein, 9.6 g/dl; IgG, 4,900 mg/dl; IgA, 590 mg/dl and an increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate of 92 mm/hr. A skin biopsy revealed prominent perivascular proliferation of plasma cells and follicular hyperplasia in the dermis. Lymph node biopsy also revealed proliferation of plasma cells in both the paracortical area and medulla. No neoplastic growth was recognized.

These pathological findings and polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia were consistent with reactive plasmacytosis.

The patient is now under observation, and the skin lesions and systemic lymphadenopathy have not been changed.

This peculiar B‐cell proliferative disorder was discussed in relation to other diseases.
IMMUNOFLUORESCENCE STUDY OF PITYRIASIS LICHENOIDES CHRONICA
Authors: Hayashi Tsutomu , Kawada Akihiro
Published: April 2015

Deposits of IgM, C3 and fibrin, partly Clq, were found in the dermal vessel walls and along the dermal‐epidermal junction of skin lesions from patients with pityriasis lichenoides chronica. However, no circulating antibody to the blood vessel or the epidermal‐dermal junction was detected in both patients with pityriasis lichenoides chronica and pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta so far examined. The immunofluorescence pattern in pityriasis lichenoides chronica was identical to that observed in pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta. This supports the view that these two disorders are variants of a single disease process mediated by immune complexes.
SEROLOGICAL CROSS‐REACTIVITY AMONG KLEBSIELLA PNEUMONIAE K 47, CERATOCYSTIS, EUROPHIUM AND GRAPHIUM SPECIES
Authors: Ishizaki Hiroshi , Kurata Yukio , Nakamura Yoichi , Wheat Robert W.
Published: April 2015

Culture filtrate antigens of 52 of 56 Ceratocystis, 2 of 2 Europhium and 5 of 6 Graphium species were found to be serologically cross‐reactive with Klebsiella pneumoniae K 47 antiserum by use of double immunodiffusion precipitin and capillary precipitin tests.
MONGOLIAN SPOTS REMAINING IN SCHOOLCHILDREN
Authors: Kikuchi Ichiro
Published: April 2015

10,248 schoolchildren in central Okinawa were examined by one observer for remaining Mongolian spots. The spots were found in 783 schoolchildren (7.64%). Sacral Mongolian spots disappeared smoothly, while extrasacral Mongolian spots showed a general tendency toward disappearance. There were interesting but unexplainable differences in the rate of disappearance of Mongolian spots among city dwellers, suburban inhabitants and rural people in the area examined.
THREE‐DIMENSIONAL ARCHITECTURE OF EPITHELIAL SKIN TUMORS: AN APPLICATION OF EPIDERMAL SEPARATION
Authors: Kimura Shunji
Published: April 2015

Trypsin separation of the epidermis from the dermis was applied to 14 benign, premalignant, and malignant epithelial skin tumors. The three‐dimensional architecture of the undersurfaces of these tumors was clearly observed in all cases.

Seborrheic keratosis showed network‐like structures in young lesions and a reticulated type of lesion, but showed sharply demarcated mass‐like structures in well‐developed lesions and an acanthotic type of lesion.

Bowen's disease, Paget's disease, and senile keratosis exhibited coarse network‐like structures similar to each other accompanied by a general decrease in the amount of melanin pigment. Boundaries between these tumors and the surrounding epidermis were more or less irregular and gradual.

In superficial basal cell epithelioma, interconnections between tumor‐cell nests were likely to exist.

It is suggested that this method may fill a gap between macroscopic and microscopic findings, and that it is of considerable use for detecting invasive changes, for determining interrelationships between tumors and skin appendages, and for deciding ranges of surgical operations.
ULTRASTRUCTURE OF CUTANEOUS LESIONS IN LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS: A COMPARISON BETWEEN THE CUTANEOUS AND SYSTEMIC TYPES
Authors: Ogawa Kimiko
Published: April 2015

The author investigated the basal lamina of cutaneous lesions in lupus erythematosus (LE) at the dermal‐epidermal junction ultrastructurally, and discussed the differences between cutaneous LE (CLE) and systemic LE (SLE) and also among the types of cutaneous eruptions.

The findings included micro‐depression of the cytoplasm of basal cells, widening of the zona lucida, dissociation between anchoring filaments and the basal lamina, separation of the lamina from epidermal cells, focal defects and bifurcations of the basal lamina, and newly formed fine basal laminae at the original sites adjacent to the basal cells. The basal lamina deeply invaded the dermis with branching or multiplication which looked like loops or labyrinths and was thickened. These changes were all considered to be antecedents to the multiplication of the basal lamina. The basal lamina was multiple and sometimes more than five‐layered. The laminae of the latter are thought to be specific to LE.

The distances from the outer leaflet of the plasma membranes of basal cells to the deepest points of the multilayered basal laminae in the dermis were measured. They were regarded as an index of the degree of the multiplication of the lamina. Their mean value was significantly greater in CLE than in SLE. This fact indicated that the multiplication of the basal lamina in CLE was higher than in SLE. There were no significant differences among the types of cutaneous eruptions.

The basal lamina is known to be formed beneath half‐desmosomes without participation of the dermis. Thus multiplication is thought to be a secondary phenomenon following repeated damage to the epidermal cells.
STAPHYLOCOCCI ISOLATED FROM PYODERMAS AND THEIR SENSITIVITIES TO ANTIBIOTICS
Authors: Dekio Satoshi , Takagaki Kenji , Yamasaki Reiko , Hamanaka Kazuko , Ikeda Sanae , Onimura Kentaro
Published: April 2015

We investigated species and strains of bacteria, chiefly Staphylococci, isolated from the lesions of several pyodermas and their sensitivities to several antibiotics during 1975–1979. In furuncle and impetigo contagiosa, Staphylococcus aureus comprised most of the isolated bacteria. In folliculitis, Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis occurred at about equal frequency among the isolated bacteria, and in infectious atheroma, more than half of the bacterial isolates were Staphylococcus epidermidis. The sensitivities of the strains of Staphylococcus aureus were in the order of CEX, GM > CP > TC > ABPC, AMPC > EM, and those of Staphylococcus epidermidis were in the order of CEX, GM > CP > ABPC, AMPC > EM, TC. The sensitivities of the strains of Staphylococcus aureus were generally lower than those of Staphylococcus epidermidis.
URTICARIA PIGMENTOSA IN PATIENTS CLOSELY RELATED BY BIRTH
Authors: Aoki Kiyoko , Suzuki Hiroyuki
Published: April 2015

An occurrence of urticaria pigmentosa in two sisters was studied. The clinical characteristics included the rare location of the lesions in both sisters and an onset after rubeola in the elder sister. Serum histamine levels throughout the family were markedly higher than normal.

Investigations into the family medical history failed to disclose clear evidence of any hereditary factor. Perhaps many triggers in addition to hereditary factors are needed to initiate urticaria pigmentosa.
AXILLARY PAGET'S DISEASE
Authors: Imai Seiji , Nitto Heita , Imai Reiko
Published: April 2015

A case of axillary Paget's disease in a female was presented. Histopathological study revealed various types of apocrine poral duct tumors showing benignancy, premalignancy or malignancy, and Paget's cells in the epidermis as well as in the latter lesions. Relationship between Paget's cell and the malignant cell was discussed.
THE CUTANEOUS TYPE OF MUNCHAUSEN SYNDROME
Authors: Tada Shigeru , Kikuchi Ichiro , Idemori Masahiro , Inoue Shouhei
Published: April 2015

A 29‐year‐old woman with Munchausen syndrome developed its cutaneous type.
ULTRASTRUCTURAL STUDIES OF VITILIGO WITH INFLAMMATORY RAISED BORDERS
Authors: Ishii Masamitsu , Hamada Toshio
Published: April 2015

Ultrastructural studies of vitiligo with inflammatory raised borders were performed. A 41‐year‐old Japanese female had developed vitiligo on the back and cervical region about six months previously and it gradually increased. Slightly elevated red borders were observed on the periphery of some of the vitiligo lesions. Electron microscopic findings showed a few melanocytes with decreased and irregular melanosomes in the basal layer and dissociation of keratinocytes in the spinous layers. Melanosomes in keratinocytes were markedly decreased. Lymphocytes were frequently observed intraepidermally, and the process by which lymphocytes passed to the basal lamina from the dermis was also observed. Lymphocytes were seen in apposition to some melanocytes in the basal layer. These melanocytes, as a result, may degenerate. The formation of many vacuoles in the cytoplasm was observed. Many typical Langerhans cells with many racket bodies were observed in the upper spinous layers. On the other hand, in the basal layer, Langerhans cells with only a few racket bodies were generally observed. These Langerhans cells were also frequently in contact with lymphocytes.

The cause of this inflammatory reaction with a raised border is not known. However, these ultrastructural findings firmly suggested a relationship to some type of immunological mechanism for this occurrence of vitiligo.
EXACERBATION OF PSORIASIS INDUCED BY INDOMETHACIN
Authors: Katayama Hiroshi , Kawada Akihiro
Published: April 2015

In an attempt to clarify the role of prostaglandins in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, indomethacin, a potent inhibitor of prostaglandin synthesis, was administered orally to 6 psoriatic patients and topically to 5 patients. In all cases remarkable exacerbation of pre‐existing lesions was observed within 1 to 4 weeks. The possible mechanism of the clinical exacerbation was discussed with particular reference to arachidonic acid‐prostaglandin system.
ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF THE MEMBRANEOUS FRACTION IN HUMAN STRATUM CORNEUM
Authors: Manabe Motomu , Hirotani Tetsuya , Negi Makoto , Hattori Michihiro , Ogawa Hideoki
Published: April 2015

Membraneous fractions were isolated from human stratum corneum. The fractions obtained after frequent reextraction with urea and 2 ME at pH 9.0 (A), and further digestion of (A) by trypsin (B) were compared using electron microscopy and amino acid analysis. Low molecular weight proteins or amino peptides were solubilized from fraction (A) following digestion with trypsin, chymotrypsin and pronase P. The amounts of solubilized material showed a plateau after 30 minutes of digestion with trypsin. A small fraction of contaminants thought to be the fibrous and interfibrous materials were still observed in Fraction (A) by electron‐microscopy and SDS gel electrophoresis, but no remarkable contaminants were observed in Fraction (B), which was composed of trilaminar membraneous parts including the marginal band. Fraction (A) contained 43 half cystine residues per 1000 amino acid residues, whereas Fraction (B) contained 81 half cystine residues per 1000 amino acid residues.
TWO FORMS OF ADENOSINE DEAMINASE IN PIG EPIDERMIS
Authors: Iizuka Hajime , Koizumi Hiroko , Kamigaki Katsuko , Aoyagi Takashi , Miura Yusho
Published: April 2015

Molecular heterogeneity of adenosine deaminase in pig epidermis is reported. Gel filtration of pig skin extracts with Sephadex G‐150 revealed the existence of two forms of adenosine deaminase. Molecular weights of the enzymes were around 30,000–40,000 and 300,000–350,000 respectively. Several catalytic properties of these two adenosine deaminases were quite similar: Km value, substrate specificity, pH activity profile, and the effect of coformycin, a strong inhibitor of adenosine deaminase.
DNA SYNTHESIS IN CULTURED EPIDERMAL CELLS FROM PSORIATIC AND NORMAL SKIN
Authors: Katayama Hiroshi , Hori Hiroyuki , Kawada Akihiro
Published: April 2015

While it is generally accepted that psoriatic epidermis in vivo shows an increase in the number of DNA‐synthesizing cells and mitoses, the published data from in vitro studies disagree as to whether or not psoriatic epidermal cells in vitro are more proliferative than normal epidermal cells. In this study, DNA synthesis was measured autoradiographically using cultured epidermal cells from both the involved and uninvolved skin of 8 psoriatic patients as well as from 8 normal individuals. Our results showed no statistically significant differences in DNA synthesis among the three groups.
A CASE OF COLD URTICARIA DUE TO A SERUM FACTOR BELONGING TO THE IGE CLASS
Authors: Akiyama Tomio , Ushijima Nobuo , Anan Sadao , Takahashi Isamu , Yoshida Hikotaro
Published: April 2015

A case of cold urticaria showing a positive Prausnitz‐Küstner (P‐K) reaction was studied. The results obtained were as follows: 1) the P‐K reaction was positive, 2) skin fixation time was 21 days, 3) the P‐K reaction could be blocked by heating the serum for 2 hours at 56°C, and 4) the P‐K reaction became negative after adsorption of IgE from the serum. These data suggest that the serum factor responsible for cold urticaria in this case belongs to the IgE class. The effect of histamine liberator 48/80, histological examination of the skin and results of the estimation of serum histamine concentration by a fluorometric method all suggest that this wheal formation is due to a histamine release from mast cells in the skin.
INCIDENCE OF LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS IN NIGERIA
Authors: Somorin A.O. , Adesugba J.
Published: April 2015

A retrospective review of twelve Nigerian patients treated at the University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria for Lupus erythematosus within a ten‐year period is presented. Both the masquerading clinical spectrum and prognosis of this disease are similar to those encountered in cold countries of the world. This paper highlights hypothetical explanations for the rarity of this disease in Nigeria, while it draws attention to tropical clinical simulators of the disease.
CORTISONE SKIN INJURIES
Authors: Kikuchi Ichiro , Aoki Yoko
Published: April 2015

A case of ulcer formation in skin damaged by constant applications of corticosteroid ointment was presented. The characteristics, management and treatment of corticosteroid‐induced skin atrophy (cortisone skin) and trauma in cortisone skin (cortisone skin injury) were studied.