bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Закриття телеканалів News One, ZIK та «112 Україна»: медійний і політичний складник
Authors: Житарюк Марʼян
Published: June 2021

У статті М. Житарюка проаналізовано тему санкцій Ради Національної безпеки України (РНБО), запроваджених Указом Президента України 2 лютого 2021 р., виявлено глибину прірви в оцінці внутрішньої й зовнішньої політики не тільки пересічними громадянами, а і представниками українського політикуму, громадських організацій, медійного середовища.

Актуальність піднятої в статті проблеми зумовлена потребою переосмислення сучасних медійних практик в Україні (часом нейтральних, тільки в нас зареєстрованих, а часом відверто ворожих до титульної нації), пошуку в них патріотичного та національного складників як запоруки їхньої трансформації і створення нових контентів та ЗМІ, які можна було б вважати не медіа «обслугою» (партій, організацій, корпорацій), а власне українською журналістикою.

Джерельною базою обрано журналістські матеріали на інформаційних ресурсах в інтернеті, які допомагають зʼясувати суть цього складного питання. Наукова методологія дослідження – це осмислення й науковий аналіз інформаційного та політичного контенту, порівняння й узагальнення, досягнуті з допомогою цитатної та графічної візуалізації.

У процесі дослідження використано широку палітру думок щодо усвідомлення / неусвідомлення морально-етичного, професійного, фахового складників в утвердженні національної української журналістики в Україні. Виявлено й низку проблем, що випливають із пасивності та соціальної байдужості сучасних журналістів.

Осмислення піднятої проблеми показало низку негативних системних явищ в інформаційному просторі України, що є результатом політичної маргіналізації та світоглядного релятивізму; цьому сприяли культурна, ментальна, історична спадщини, що постали внаслідок тривалого колоніального становища й численних катастроф. Підмічено й те, що нерідко домінує жага вислужитися перед політичними силами-спонсорами, перед медіавласниками-олігархами.

Зроблено й основний висновок: допоки в професійному журналістському середовищі триватиме дискусія у форматі «Хто кращий? Кого слід покарати?», а не «Треба обʼєднатися задля збереження й розбудови України», доти й наша держава, і наша журналістика будуть у небезпеці.
Борис Грінченко про українські національні справи: епістолярний, мовний та редакторський аспекти
Authors: Яременко Василь
Published: June 2021

Стаття присвячена осмисленню епістолярних діалогів Бориса Грінченка про українські національні справи. Зокрема, досліджено епістолярію як складник наукового, публіцистичного і літературного процесу, проблеми унормування мови, літератури, науки в листах Бориса Грінченка, а також з’ясовано діяльність Бориса Грінченка як редактора Кулішевого перекладу Біблії.

З’ясовано, що Грінченко підходив до епістолярної спадщини в історичному освітленні. Не випадково ж, коли Іоіль Руденко передав йому віднайдений у священника на Глухівщині зшиток різних за жанрами давніх творів, а серед них «Листовню» – своєрідну інструкцію і зразки написання листів офіційним і близьким особам, – він відразу опублікував її на сторінках «Земского сборника Черниговской губернии» із власною передмовою. Виокремлено у дослідженні Київський період життя і творчості Бориса Грінченка 1902–1909 рр., який був позначений, крім всього іншого, активним листуванням із діячами науки та культури, видавцями.

У статті підкреслюється, що особливе місце в епістолярних діалогах про низку українських проблем належить листуванню Бориса Грінченка із Ганною Барвінок. Йдеться про підготовку до друку «Оповідань з народних уст» Ганни Барвінок, історико-літературознавчого нарису про неї «Поет жіночого горя» і популяризацію її етнографічно-фольклорних оповідань серед української спільноти.

Окреслено, що листи Б. Грінченка засвідчують прагнення і практичну роботу в царині розвитку національної культури на демократичній, народній основі. Більшість громадських заходів, ініціаторами яких ставали В. Гнатюк і Б. Грінченко, були суголосні потребам часу і ідеї соборності України.

Листи Б. Грінченка до В. Гнатюка засвідчують високий розвиток епістолярного стилю в українській літературі, його публіцистичність.

На основі проведеного дослідження зроблено висновок про те, що Грінченко мав намір створити окремий вид літератури – епістолярну літературу, в тому числі й інтимну епістолярну літературу зі щиро почуттєвим патріотичним змістом і високою культурою викладу. Також, Б. Грінченко був серед тих, хто переконав П. Куліша робити новий переклад Біблії. З’ясовано, що виходу в світ перекладу Біблії передувала копітка робота з виготовлення копій Кулішевого перекладу, яку також взяв на себе Борис Грінченко. Видання Біблії було подією непроминального значення.
المناخ السياحي ومعوقاته في مدينة أربيل
Authors: Qadir Rezhen Akram
Published: June 2021

تم دراسة عناصر المناخية السياحية المتمثلة ب (الإشعاع الشمسي، التطرفات الحرارية، الرطوبة الجوية، التساقط المطري، الرياح مع زيادة تكرارات الظواهر الغبار) ومعوقاته في مدينة أربيل للمدة (2000-2019). وأظهرت الدراسة بان كل من شهري (مايس وتشرين الأول) تعتبر من أشهر المثالية للسياحة من بين جميع أشهر السنة في ضوء معيار (Missenard) ومعيار (spile وpassel) التي تم تطبيقها في المدينة، وتوصلت الدراسة بأن نسبة الأشهر المثالية في منطقة الدراسة يتراوح بين (17- 50 %) من أشهر السنة في حين تراوحت نسبة أشهر غير مثالية بين (50- 83%).
Clinical application of enhanced recovery after surgery in lumbar disk herniation patients undergoing dynamic stabilization and discectomy
Authors: Zhang Haoshaqiang , Wang Zhigang , Li Kun
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND: Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) has been demonstrated to improve early postoperative outcomes and is becoming a crucial component of any perioperative management paradigm. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of an ERAS protocol on lumbar disk herniation (LDH) patients undergoing dynamic stabilization and discectomy. METHODS: A total of 119 lumbar disk herniation (LDH) patients undergoing Dynesys dynamic stabilization and discectomy were divided into the ERAS (n1 = 56) and control group (n2 = 63). ERAS group received an enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocol, and control group received a traditional care protocol. RESULTS: Both the ERAS and control groups had significantly decreased visual analog scale (VAS) score and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and increased Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score at postoperative 1 week, 1 month and 3 months compared with preoperative scores. Moreover, the ERAS group had lower postoperative VAS score and ODI and higher postoperative JOA score and rate of improved JOA score compared with the control group. Intraoperative blood loss, operation time, ambulation time and length of stay were all lower in the ERAS group than in the control group. CONCLUSIONS: The ERAS protocol designed was feasible for LDH patients undergoing dynamic stabilization and discectomy with significantly improved perioperative outcomes.
Place the Vertices Anywhere on the Curve and Simplify
Authors: Rudi Ali Gholami
Published: June 2021

A polygonal curve is simplified to reduce its number of vertices, while maintaining similarity to its original shape. Numerous results have been published for vertex-restricted simplification, in which the vertices of the simplified curve are a subset of the vertices of the input curve. In curve-restricted simplification, i.e. when the vertices of the simplified curve are allowed to be placed on the edges of the input curve, the number of vertices may be much more reduced. In this paper, we present algorithms for computing curve-restricted simplifications of polygonal curves under the local Hausdorff distance measure.
Comparing different metrics on an anisotropic depth completion model
Authors: Lazcano Vanel , Calderero Felipe , Ballester Coloma
Published: June 2021

This paper discussed an anisotropic interpolation model that filling in-depth data in a largely empty region of a depth map. We consider an image with an anisotropic metric gi⁢j that incorporates spatial and photometric data. We propose a numerical implementation of our model based on the “eikonal” operator, which compute the solution of a degenerated partial differential equation (the biased Infinity Laplacian or biased Absolutely Minimizing Lipschitz Extension). This equation’s solution creates exponential cones based on the available data, extending the available depth data and completing the depth map image. Because of this, this operator is better suited to interpolate smooth surfaces. To perform this task, we assume we have at our disposal a reference color image and a depth map. We carried out an experimental comparison of the AMLE and bAMLE using various metrics with square root, absolute value, and quadratic terms. In these experiments, considered color spaces were sRGB, XYZ, CIE-L*⁢a*⁢b*, and CMY. In this document, we also presented a proposal to extend the AMLE and bAMLE to the time domain. Finally, in the parameter estimation of the model, we compared EHO and PSO. The combination of sRGB and square root metric produces the best results, demonstrating that our bAMLE model outperforms the AMLE model and other contemporary models in the KITTI depth completion suite dataset. This type of model, such as AMLE and bAMLE, is simple to implement and represents a low-cost implementation option for similar applications.
An enhanced auto adaptive vector evaluated-based metaheuristic for solving real-world problems
Authors: de Fátima Corrêa Costa Letícia , Cortes Omar Andres Carmona , Costa João Pedro Augusto
Published: June 2021

This article investigates the enhancement of a vector evaluat-ed-based adaptive metaheuristics for solving two multiobjective problems called environmental-economic dispatch and portfolio optimization. The idea is to evolve two populations independently, and exchange information between them, i.e., the first population evolves according to the best individual of the second population and vice-versa. The choice of which algorithm will be executed on each generation is carried out stochastically among three evolutionary algorithms well-known in the literature: PSO, DE, ABC. To assess the results, we used an established metric in multiobjective evolutionary algorithms called hypervolume. Tests solving the referred problem have shown that the new approach reaches the best hypervolumes in power systems comprised of six and forty generators and five different datasets of portfolio optimization. The experiments were performed 31 times, using 250, 500, and 1000 iterations in both problems. Results have also shown that our proposal tends to overcome a variation of a hybrid SPEA2 compared to their cooperative and competitive approaches.
Densely connected layer to improve VGGnet-based CRNN for Arabic handwriting text line recognition
Authors: Noubigh Zouhaira , Mezghani Anis , Kherallah Monji
Published: June 2021

In recent years, Deep neural networks (DNNs) have achieved great success in sequence modeling. Several deep models have been used for enhancing Handwriting Text Recognition (HTR). Among these models, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Recurrent Neural network especially Long-Short-Term-Memory (LSTM) networks achieve state-of-the-art recognition accuracy. The recognition methods for Arabic text lines have been widely applied in many specific tasks. However, there are still some potential challenges as the lack of available and large Arabic text recognition dataset and the characteristics of Arabic script. In order to address these challenges, we propose an end-to-end recognition method based on convolutional recurrent neural networks (CRNNs), which adds feature reuse network component on the basis of a CRNN. The model is trained and tested on two Arabic text recognition datasets named KHATT and AHTID/MW. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves better performance than other methods in the literature.
Ship design complexity, sources, drivers, and factors: A literature review
Authors: Ebrahimi Ali , Brett Per Olaf , Erikstad Stein Ove , Asbjørnslett Bjørn Egil , Garcia Agis Jose Jorge
Published: June 2021

Handling complexity in conceptual ship design processes requires a thorough understanding of complexity aspects in general. More than 100 scientific papers on the subject published since 1962 are, therefore, reviewed and discussed in this paper. The paper expands the understanding of complexity theory by reviewing the literature in the engineering domain. Different definitions of complexity, characteristics of complex systems, aspects of complexity in design, complexity sources, and its drivers are explored and discussed in detail. Furthermore, the findings are arranged into relevant complexity factors in ship design. Related complexity factors in ship design, are also discussed by use of examples from everyday ship design practices. This study is a theoretical elaboration to shed light on the current practice and future research direction in handling complexity in conceptual ship design processes to improve competitiveness.
Designing of a rigorous image retrieval system with amalgamation of artificial intelligent techniques and relevance feedback
Authors: Dhingra Shefali , Bansal Poonam
Published: June 2021

Retrieving out the most comparable images from huge databases is the challenging task for image retrieval systems. So, there is a great need of constructing a capable and rigorous image retrieval system. In this implementation, an exclusive and competent Content based image retrieval (CBIR) system is schemed by the integration of Color moment (CM) and Local binary pattern (LBP). A hybrid feature vector is created by the combination of these two techniques through the process of normalization. This hybrid feature vector is given as the input to the intelligent classifiers i.e. Support vector machine (SVM) and Cascade forward back propagation neural network (CFBPNN). After that, Relevance feedback (RF) technique is applied so as to get the high level information in order to reduce the semantic gap. So, here two Artificial Intelligent CBIR models are proposed, first one is (Hybrid+SVM+RF) and second is (Hybrid+CFBPNN+RF) and their performance parameters are compared. The implementations are performed on two benchmark dataset Corel-1K and Oxford flower dataset which contains 1000 and 1360 images respectively. Different parameters are figured such as accuracy, precision, average retrieval time, recall etc. The average precision obtained for the first model is 93% with Corel 1K database and 91% with Oxford flower database. And similarly for the second model, it is 97% and 94% respectively which is higher than the first model. This implemented technique is validated on both the datasets and the attained results outperforms with other related s approaches.
Multi-level feature extraction network for person re-identification
Authors: Ge Yang , Xin Ding
Published: June 2021

In the task of Person re-identification (reID), the range of motion of pedestrians often spans multiple camera areas, and their motion direction and behavior cannot be constrained, and irrelevant people or objects in different scenes will also obtain target pedestrian information for us Cause interference. At the same time, the surveillance system also has many characteristics such as a fixed shooting angle of a single camera, different angles between different cameras, and low image resolution. These characteristics make the task of Person re-identification difficult. This paper proposes a Multi-level Feature Extraction Network (MFEN) based on SEResNet-50. Extracting richer and more diverse pedestrian features from poor-quality images will effectively improve the re-identification ability of the network, and MFEN can obtain Multistage key features in the image through the Feature Re-extraction Method (FRM) proposed in this paper. Experiments show that compared with AANet-50, MFEN has 3.85% /0.71% improvements of mAP/ Rank-1 on the Market1501 dataset, and 2.74% /1.28% improvements of mAP/ Rank-1 on the DukeMTMC-reID dataset.
Validation of the Munich Swallowing Score (MUCSS) in patients with neurogenic dysphagia: A preliminary study
Authors: Bartolome G. , Starrost U. , Schröter-Morasch H. , Schilling B. , Fischbacher L. , Kues L. , Graf S. , Ziegler W.
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND: The Munich Swallowing Score (MUCSS) is a clinician rated scale for the assessment of the functional level of swallowing saliva/secretions, food and liquids. The MUCSS consists of two eight-point subscales, MUCSS-Saliva and MUCSS-Nutrition. In a previous article, content validity and interrater reliability were described. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to investigate criterion validity and sensitivity to change of the MUCSS. METHODS: The research was conducted at a tertiary care academic hospital. Data were collected retrospectively in a cohort of 100 acute and subacute neurologic patients. Criterion validity was judged by comparison to the Gugging Swallowing Screen (GUSS), the Barthel Index (BI), Early Rehabilitation Barthel Index (ERI), Extended Barthel Index (EBI) and also by comparison to three physiological scales drawn from FEES videos: The Penetration - Aspiration Scale (PAS), the Yale Pharyngeal Residue Severity Rating Scale (YPR) and the Murray Secretion Scale (MSS). Changes in oral intake and saliva swallowing were followed up for three months. RESULTS: Between MUCSS and scores directly reflecting dysphagic symptoms (GUSS, PAS, YPR, MSS, ERI), strong to moderate correlations were found, weaker but statistically significant associations were seen with global measures of disability (BI isolated, EBI-subscale cognitive functions). MUCSS was sensitive to positive change of saliva swallowing and oral intake during the recovery period. CONCLUSIONS: These preliminary data suggest that the MUCCS is a valid scale and may be appropriate for documenting clinical change in swallowing abilities of patients with neurogenic dysphagia.
Stretch-shortening cycle exercises can efficiently optimize gait-symmetry and balance capabilities in children with unilateral cerebral palsy: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Elnaggar Ragab K. , Alqahtani Bader A. , Alsubaie Saud F. , Mohamed Rania R. , Elbanna Mohammed F.
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND: Children with unilateral cerebral palsy (UCP) experience an asymmetrical gait pattern and poor balance capabilities. Effective interventions, therefore, are needed to facilitate remediation of these functional issues. OBJECTIVE: This study was set out to investigate the emerging role of stretch-shortening cycle (SSC) exercises on gait-symmetry and balance in children with UCP. METHODS: In this randomized controlled trial, 42 children with UCP (age; 8 –12 years) were enrolled and received either standard physical rehabilitation (control group; n = 21) or the SSC exercise program plus physical rehabilitation (SSC group; n = 21). Spatial- and temporal-gait symmetry index (GSI) and specific balance capabilities [reactive balance, directional control, movement synchronization, and sensory organization] were assessed before and after 16 sessions that were carried out twice/week over non-sequential days in an 8-week program. RESULTS: Using the pre-treatment scores as covariates, the post-treatment spatial- (P = 0.006; η p 2 = 0.17) and temporal- GSI (P < .001; η p 2 = 0.46) scores reduced significantly in the SSC group as compared to the control group, suggesting favorable improvement of gait symmetry. Also, all measures of balance (P < 0.05; η p 2 ranged between 0.10 and 0.29) improved remarkably, post-treatment, in SSC group in comparison with the control group. CONCLUSION: The evidence from this study suggests that SSC exercises besides standard physical rehabilitation appear to be effective for improving gait symmetry and boosting balance capabilities in children with UCP.
Liver function, quantified by the LiMAx test, as a predictor for the clinical outcome of critically ill patients treated with linezolid
Authors: Alraish Rawan , Wicha Sebastian G. , Frey Otto R. , Roehr Anka C. , Pratschke Johann , Stockmann Martin , Wuensch Tilo , Kaffarnik Magnus
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND: Critically ill patients commonly suffer from infections that require antimicrobial therapy. In previous studies, liver dysfunction was shown to have an essential impact on the dose selection in these patients. This pilot study aims to assess the influence of liver dysfunction, measured by the novel LiMAx test, on clinical outcomes in critically ill patients treated with linezolid. METHODS: Twenty-nine critically ill patients were included and treated with linezolid. Indications for linezolid therapy were secondary or tertiary peritonitis (46.7%), bloodstream infection (6.7%) and 46.7% were other infections with gram-positive bacteria. Linezolid Cmin, maximal liver function capacity (LiMAx test) and plasma samples were collected while linezolid therapy was in a steady-state condition. Furthermore, potential factors for the clinical outcome were investigated using logistic regression analysis. Clinical cure was defined as the resolution or significant improvement of clinical symptoms without using additional antibiotic therapy or intervention. RESULTS: Cured patients presented lower median linezolid Cmin yet a significantly higher mean LiMAx-value compared to the clinical failure group (1.9 mg/L vs. 5.1 mg/L) (349 μg/kg/h vs. 131 μg/kg/h). In the logistic regression model, LiMAx < 178 μg/kg/h was the only independent predictor of clinical failure with a sensitivity of 77% and specificity of 93%. CONCLUSIONS: The LiMAx test predicts clinical failure more precisely than linezolid trough levels in critically ill surgical patients. Therefore liver failure may have a stronger impact on the outcome of critically ill surgical patients than low linezolid Cmin. While linezolid Cmin failed to predict patient’s outcome, LiMAx results were the only independent predictor of clinical failure.
A deep learning algorithm based on 1D CNN-LSTM for automatic sleep staging
Authors: Zhao Dechun , Jiang Renpin , Feng Mingyang , Yang Jiaxin , Wang Yi , Hou Xiaorong , Wang Xing
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND: Sleep staging is an important part of sleep research. Traditional automatic sleep staging based on machine learning requires extensive feature extraction and selection. OBJECTIVE: This paper proposed a deep learning algorithm without feature extraction based on one-dimensional convolutional neural network and long short-term memory. METHODS: The algorithm can automatically divide sleep into 5 phases including awake period, non-rapid eye movement sleep period (N1 ∼ N3) and rapid eye movement using the electroencephalogram signals. The raw signal was processed by the wavelet transform. Then, the processed signal was directly input into the deep learning algorithm to obtain the staging result. RESULTS: The accuracy of staging is 93.47% using the Fpz-Cz electroencephalogram signal. When using the Fpz-Cz and electroencephalogram signal, the algorithm can obtain the highest accuracy of 94.15%. CONCLUSION: These results show that this algorithm is suitable for different physiological signals and can realize end-to-end automatic sleep staging without any manual feature extraction.
Interventions for return to work following work-related injuries among young adults: A systematic literature review
Authors: Johansson Malin K. , Rissanen Ritva
Published: June 2021

OBJECTIVE: To provide a review of current knowledge about interventions aimed to facilitate young adults to return to work following work-related injuries. METHODS: A systematic review of published literature from the year 2010 and onwards was conducted to identify studies examining return to work interventions for young adults (aged 19–29) following work-related injuries using PubMed and Web of Science. Two reviewers conducted the screening process and assessed the study quality using the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute assessment tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional studies. Due to wide heterogeneity and small number of studies retained post-screening, a descriptive summary analysis of the included studies was conducted. RESULTS: No studies were identified that focused exclusively on interventions for young adults. However, two studies, in which an age category of young adults was available, were included and assessed for quality. The study populations were primarily suffering from work-related injuries in the lower back or lower limbs. Both studies revealed that return to work interventions using a case manager coordinating and providing consultation, advice, and risk management to multidisciplinary teams was associated with lower sick leave days. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the emerging evidence that young adults have higher rates of work-related injuries compared to older colleagues, information concerning work-related injuries and return to work interventions specifically targeting young workers is still lacking. Further research is therefore needed to develop and evaluate return to work interventions for the population of young adults.
The loss of an eye due to occupational injury: Two case studies of ocular prosthetic rehabilitation
Authors: AL-Oulabi Ayman , AL Rawas Matheel , Farook Taseef Hasan , Rashid Farah , Barman Aparna , Jamayet Nafij Bin , Alam Mohammad Khursheed
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND: Two patients received ocular injuries from rusted metallic projectiles at their industrial workplaces. Said injuries resulted in the loss of their eyes by evisceration surgeries to prevent fatal infections. CASE DESCRIPTION: The first case, a man in his twenties, received a stock conformer immediately after surgery and started prosthetic therapy within 2 months. The second case, a man in his forties, started prosthetic therapy after 10 years. Definitive custom ocular prostheses were fabricated and relined according to conventional protocol. RESULTS: On issue of the prosthesis, there was adequate retention, aesthetics and stability to extra-ocular movements and treatment was considered successful for both cases. However, follow-ups showed noticeable prosthetic eye movements for case 1 which, to some extent mimicked the physiologic movement of its fellow natural eye. Case 1 adjusted to his prosthesis better while case 2 was still adjusting with little to no physiologic movement. CONCLUSION: Prosthetic rehabilitation should be started as early as possible to obtain optimum rehabilitative results.
Skin dose measurement and estimating the dosimetric effect of applicator misplacement in gynecological brachytherapy: A patient and phantom study
Authors: Majdaeen Mehrsa , Dorri-Giv Masoumeh , Olfat Shaghayegh , Ataei Gholamreza , Abedi-Firouzjah Razzagh , Banaei Amin , Ranjbar Sahar
Published: June 2021

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate skin dose differences between TPS (treatment planning system) calculations and TLD (thermo-luminescent dosimeters) measurements along with the dosimetric effect of applicator misplacement for patients diagnosed with gynecological (GYN) cancers undergoing brachytherapy. METHODS: The skin doses were measured using TLDs attached in different locations on patients’ skin in pelvic regions (anterior, left, and right) for 20 patients, as well as on a phantom. In addition, the applicator surface dose was calculated with TLDs attached to the applicator. The measured doses were compared with TPS calculations to find TPS accuracy. For the phantom, different applicator shifts were applied to find the effect of applicator misplacement on the surface dose. RESULTS: The mean absolute dose differences between the TPS and TLDs results for anterior, left, and right points were 3.14±1.03, 6.25±1.88, and 6.20±1.97 %, respectively. The mean difference on the applicator surface was obtained 1.92±0.46 %. Applicator misplacements of 0.5, 2, and 4 cm (average of three locations) resulted in 9, 36, and 61%, dose errors respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The surface/skin differences between the calculations and measurements are higher in the left and right regions, which relate to the higher uncertainty of TPS dose calculation in these regions. Furthermore, applicator misplacements can result in high skin dose variations, therefore it can be an appropriate quality assurance method for future research.
REPRESENTASI PEREMPUAN DALAM WACANA LISAN DIALOG PADA PROGRAM TALK SHOW CURAHAN (Sebuah Tinjauan Psikolinguistik)
Authors: Putriani Ananda
Published: June 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan hal berikut. (1) Bagaimana perempuan merepresentasikan diri sendiri pada program Talk Show CHP di Trans Tv. (2) Bagaimana perempuan merepresentasikan laki-laki pada program Talk Show CHP di Trans Tv. (3) Bagaimana perempuan merepresentasikan perempuan lain pada program Talk Show CHP di Trans Tv. Jenis Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif analisis. Hasil penelitian ini adalah sebagai berikut. (1) Perempuan merepresentasikan diri sendiri ditemukan sebanyak 80 data. (2) Perempuan merepresentasikan laki-laki ditemukan sebanyak 76 data. (3) Perempuan merepresentasikan perempuan lain ditemukan sebanyak 9 data.Kata Kunci/Keywords: Representasi, analisis wacana, dialog, talkshow.
Nurul Haramain Narmada Lombok: Alih Kode dan Campur Kode Intern-Ekstern Dalam Peristiwa Tutur Para Santri
Authors: Jaeka Farida
Published: June 2021

Tulisan ini bermaksud untuk mendeskripsikan berbagai alih kode dan campur kode intern-ekstern yang terdapat pada Pondok Pesantren (PP) Nurul Haramain Narmada Lombok dalam peristiwa tutur yang dilakukan santri dalam beberapa variasi Bahasa, yaitu Bahasa Arab, Indonesia, Inggris, Sasak, dan Samawa. Penelitian kualitatif ini dilakukan dengan metode observasi sebagai langkah awal, dilanjutkan dengan wawancara, serta studi pustaka. Metode observasi dilaksanakan di Pondok Pesantren Nurul Haramain saat peristiwa tutur berlangsung di dalam maupun di luar kelas. Sementara itu, wawancara dilakukan dengan guru terkait tujuan penerapan penggunaan beberapa bahasa dalam berkomunikasi di pondok (sekolah); serta metode studi pustaka digunakan untuk mengumpulkan beberapa data sekunder lainnya. Dari berbagai metode yang dijalankan, didapatkan hasil bahwa terdapat dua jenis alih kode intern-ekstern yang terdiri dari a) alih kode intern-ekstern 3 bahasa (Indonesia-Inggris-Sasak), b) alih kode intern-ekstern 5 bahasa (Indonesia-Inggris-Arab-Sasak-Samawa), juga ditemukan satu peristiwa campur kode, yakni campur kode Ekstern Bahasa Indonesia-Arab.Kata Kunci: Alih Kode Ekstern-Intern, Campur Kode, Nurul Haramain, Santri
A Stepwise Multidisciplinary Rehabilitation Approach of Central Pontine and Extra Pontine Myelinosis in Locked-in Syndrome: A Case Report
Authors:   Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh, Malaysia., Mohamad Hashim Natiara , Ahmedy Fatimah ,   Rehabilitation Medicine Unit, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia., Wan Mohd Zohdi Wan Najwa ,   Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh, Malaysia., Mahmud Khadijah ,   Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh, Malaysia.
Published: June 2021

Central Pontine Myelinosis (CPM) and Extra Pontine Myelinosis (EPM) are debilitating conditions, resulting from the rapid correction of hyponatremia. The outcome and prognosis of this medical condition are variable; mainly involving functional decline from neuro-musculoskeletal upset. An intensive, multidisciplinary rehabilitation has played an essential role in facilitating and hasten recovery, promoting a favorable outcome. We reported our experience in rehabilitating a patient with a rare condition of comorbid CPM and EPM. The reported patient presented with disabling Locked-in Syndrome (LIS) and Parkinsonism movement disorder. We highlighted the stepwise rehabilitation approach according to Patterson and Grabois Motor Recovery scale for LIS in preventing and reversing the complications and disabilities caused by CPM and EPM that may facilitate favorable therapeutic outcomes.
Barriers and Challenges of Implementing Telerehabilitation: A Systematic Review
Authors:   Department of Rehabilitation Management, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Rabanifar Niloufar , Abdi Kianoush ,   Department of Rehabilitation Management, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Published: June 2021

Objectives: Telerehabilitation (TR) is an alternative approach for providing rehabilitation services in some situations, like Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. There exist some obstacles, especially during the pre-implementation phase of TR, necessitating an investigation of existing local evidence. This research aimed to investigate the challenges of TR. Methods: Five electronic databases (Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar, SID, & Magiran) were searched for studies published in English and Persian language from 2011 to February 2021. Search results in all databases provided a total of 598 articles. After reviewing the titles of the articles, we excluded 574 articles as they were duplicated and/or irrelevant. Finally, based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 11 articles have remained. Results: Most extracted articles were published in 2020 (n=4). The remaining articles disturbed between 2013 until 2021. These articles were mostly reviews, case reports/series, or qualitative studies and surveys. Geographically, 27% of the final selected papers belonged to the USA, 46% to Asia, and 27% to Europe. Outcomes in studies mostly included TR advantages and disadvantages, facilitators, challenges, and barriers. Discussion: Studies specified numerous challenges for TR implementation. The main challenges in the technologies used in TR were the awareness and culture of individuals and the TR infrastructure. Despite these barriers, TR could be a better treatment selection in some patients. Therefore, it is necessary for health policymakers, and especially rehabilitation managers, technology developers, scientists, and clinicians to cooperatively make serious efforts to remove these barriers.
The Implications of International Urban Rail Transit Operation Project Management: a Case Study of Jerusalem`s Light Rail Project
Authors: Guo Yi
Published: June 2021

Jerusalem light rail project as the first light rail line in Israel has already been opened and in operation for 5 years, with good operation condition and quite similar operation mode and characteristics to Tel Aviv light rail project. The technical leading member of its operational consortium, French Veolia, has rich experience in overseas rail transit operation and had fully participated in the Jerusalem light rail project since 2005 till being expelled from Israel in 2015. This paper analysis Veolia's 10-year experience and lessons obtained from operation of the Jerusalem light rail project. It was reflected the actual operation environment of the project in Israel and can be used as a crucial reference for the operation of international rail transit.
Dosimetric Comparison of the Lung Dose on the Affected Side in Radiotherapy after Breast Cancer Breast-Conserving Therapy Based on Two Subfield Optimization Methods in Monaco Planning System
Authors: Shan Zhirui
Published: June 2021

Objective — To conduct comparison of the quantity difference of different segmentation optimization methods in Monaco planning system on the affected lung in radiotherapy after breast cancer breast-conserving therapy. Methods — 10 cases with breast cancer after breast-conserving surgery were selected with the prescription dose of 50GY/25F. In each case, volume modulated arc therapy (VMAT) based double arc distribution mode was adopted, and the same optimization parameters and functions were set accordingly. After completion of flux optimization, automatic weight optimization method and manual weight optimization method were adopted for optimization respectively. When the similar dose distribution of the target volume was obtained and the dose of the organ at risk (OAR) was satisfied, the dose of the affected lung obtained by the two optimization methods was compared. Results — When similar target coverage and other organs at risk met the prescribed conditions, the affected lung received by the manual weight optimization method was significantly lower than that by the automatic weight optimization method, and the results were statistically significant. Conclusion — The manual weight optimization method used in VMAT program after breast conserving surgery can effectively reduce the lung volume on the affected side and the probability of radiation pneumonia can be reduced.
Role Change of Postgraduates in China's Education System
Authors: Lu Chaoyang , Zhang Zhiping , Jiang Danping , Jing Yanyan , Li Yameng , Zhang Quanguo
Published: June 2021

With the rapid development of Chinese higher education, postgraduate education has gradually gained public attention. As senior professional and technical talents, postgraduates are the main force of the country's cutting edge technological development. Compared to undergraduates, the study objectives of postgraduates have changed considerably, it is thus important that the learning method should also change correspondingly. Higher postgraduate education should therefore guide postgraduates to change their roles successfully. This study elaborates on why and how postgraduates can change their role, what postgraduates should do, future opportunities, and so on. The result of the study has great significance for the changing role of postgraduates in China's educational system.
Representatives of the sugar industry of the Russian Empire at the World's Fair in Paris in 1900
Authors: Gaidai Olga
Published: June 2021

Nineteenth-century world exhibitions were platforms to demonstrate technical and technological changes that witnessed the modernization and industrialization of the world. World exhibitions have contributed to the promotion of new inventions and the popularization of already known, as well as the emergence of art objects of world importance. One of the most important world events at the turn of the century was the 1900 World's Fair in Paris. Participation in the World's Fair was not the first experience of this kind of activity for sugar growers in the Russian Empire. Most of them were members of the Kyiv branch of the Russian Technical Society, which in turn took the most active part in the work of blighty and international industrial exhibitions, receiving high awards. The main sugar enterprises were concentrated on the territory of modern Ukraine in the possession of several large companies owned by Tereshchenko, Kharitonenko, Khanenko, Brodskyi, Simirenko, Yakhnenko and others. The Russian sugar industry occupied a prominent place at the World's Fair in Paris in 1900, as its share in world sugar production was 17%, and the area of beet crops, it was ahead of all other countries (in 1900 sugar beets were sown 548,796 hectares). The exposition testified to this powerful development of the industry. At the World's Fair in 1900, Russia's sugar industry was housed in the Palace of Agriculture and was represented in the pavilions by well-known sugar firms, such as the Department of Land (Timashiv Beet Sugar and Refinery), I. H. Kharitonenko and his son; brothers Lazar and Lev Izrailevich Brodskyi; O. N. Tereshchenko, heirs of F. A. Tereshchenko; the Tereshchenko brothers, the Botkin brothers (Novo-Tavolzhanskyi sugar factory); joint-stock companies of sugar and refineries: “Constance”, “Germanov”, “Gmina Lyshowiche”; E. A. Balasheva (Mariinskyi Sugar Plant of Kyiv Province), H. H. Balakhovski (Mariinskyi beet-sugar and refineries of the Kursk province). A characteristic feature of the sugar industry was that they mainly represented family businesses based on strong family ties, ethno-cultural and religious values. In addition, they intertwined the functions of owners and managers. Thus, the author tries to analyze the participation of representatives of the sugar industry in the World's Fair in 1900 and define the role of exhibitions as indicators of economic development, to show the importance and influence of private entrepreneurs, especially from Ukraine, on the sugar industry and international contacts.
Contribution of Professor K. G. Schindler (1869–1940) in formation of agricultural mechanics, theory and practice of testing of the agricultural machines and tools in Ukraine
Authors: Verhunov Victor
Published: June 2021

The article highlights the life and creative path of the outstanding domestic scientist, theorist, methodologist and practitioner of agricultural engineering K. G. Schindler, associated with the formation of agricultural mechanics in Ukraine. The methodological foundation of the research is the principles of historicism, scientific nature and objectivity in reproducing the phenomena of the past based on the complex use of general scientific, special, interdisciplinary methods. For the first time a number of documents from Russian and Ukrainian archives, which reflect some facts of the professional biography of the scientist, were introduced into scientific circulation. The main directions of fruitful pedagogical and scientific activities of K. G. Schindler, key segments of his creative search, which determined the further development of agricultural engineering, his leadership in the scientific community were described. It was proved that Professor K. G. Schindler has the primacy in founding the Station of Testing for Agricultural Machines and Tools at the Kiev Polytechnic Institute, which provided students of agronomic and mechanical faculties with the opportunity to get acquainted with the existing types and designs of tillage machines, systematically test its research methods. In addition, the station carried out scientific work on the study of certain issues of agricultural mechanization, development of methods and devices for research of agricultural machinery and implements. The seven functions of the agronomic-type research station developed by scientists for the first time in Europe at the beginning of the last century have become a reference point for many generations of researchers of agricultural machinery. K. G. Schindler was the first in the world to theoretically substantiate the need to improve the design of tillage equipment depending on soil and climatic conditions, made a significant contribution to the theory of soil deformation with the shelf of the plow body. In addition, he improved the Sakka dynamometer, developed a control dynamometer to check traction dynamometers and other devices, improved existing and developed new designs of tillage machines. K. G. Schindler was the first in Ukraine to teach a course in agricultural engineering.
Analysis of Klavdii Semyonovich Nemeshaev’s activities as the Minister of Railways of the Russian Empire
Authors: Strelko Oleh , Pylypchuk Oleh
Published: June 2021

The article continues the series of publications devoted to the assessment of activities of the heads of the Ministry of Railways of the Russian Empire. In this article, the authors attempt to systematize and analyze historical data on the activities of Klavdii Semyonovich Nemeshaev as the Minister of Railways of the Russian Empire. There are numerous biographical studies devoted to K. S. Nemeshaev, but little is known about his activities as a minister, and to date the data are scattered and not systematized. The analysis of archival materials, scientific publications, memoirs of Nemeshaev's contemporaries and colleagues allowed us to conduct a detailed assessment of his activities and ministerial policy. It has been found that despite his short term of office, Nemeshaev's consistent policy and extensive managerial experience allowed him to carry out two significant reforms in a short time. The first one involved redistribution of the state-owned railway lines between separate local administrations and merging them into larger groups, which was important in terms of improving their operations and facilitating the cost efficiency, as well as speeding up freight traffic. In opinion of the authors of this article, another important achievement of Nemeshaev as the Minister of Railways was the establishment in 1906 of the central, local and district committees regulating mass transportation of goods. This was the first centralized measure aimed at managing the rolling stock. Nemeshaev's extensive managerial experience, high erudition and energy also led to prominent outcomes in some other areas of the Ministry operation. Attempts were made to create syndicates of shipowners in river transport. Modernization of river and sea vessels was carried out. Works on projects for the development of the Northern Sea Route has begun. The article also assesses the development and construction of railway network in the Russian Empire during Nemeshaev's office, in particular, of the Amur Line and Moscow Encircle Railway, as well as the increase in the capacity of the Trans-Siberian Railway. It has been found out that K. S. Nemeshaev paid great attention to various social aspects of railway employees’ activities. The article also highlights the legislative policy of the Ministry of Railways of that period. Nemeshaev's participation in the preparation of the French scientist’s Paul Pelliot and the Russian officer’s Carl Gustaf Mannerheim joint trip to China has been analyzed. Due to the mass replacement of light and worn-out rails on state-owned railways with heavier ones and the need to discharge a significant number of steam locomotives built in the 1850s and 1860s, an introduction of more powerful steam locomotives was expedient. The article discusses K. S. Nemeshaev's contribution to the development of technology and the introduction of a new type of freight steam locomotive for state-owned railways. Nemeshaev's political views have also been assessed.
The legacy of Saint Luke (Valentin Felixovich Voyno-Yasenetsky) to medical sciences
Authors: Sakkas Hercules , Spyropoulou Panagiota
Published: June 2021

Saint Luke, Archbishop of Simferopol and Crimea (1877‒1961), was born Valentin Felixovich Voyno-Yasenetsky in Kerch, Crimea. He served as an outstanding physician and Academic Professor of Topographic Anatomy and Operative Surgery at Medical School of Tashkent University. He worked extensively on the fields of surgery, regional anesthesia, pyogenic infections, ophthalmology, neurosurgery, oncology, orthopedics, otorhinolaryngology, gynecology, urology, and dentistry, often under difficult circumstances. He performed a wide variety of operations, from minor outpatient procedures to extremely complicated ones, followed by extensive inpatient management and treatment of ailing individuals. He published numerous research articles and books. His most acclaimed monograph entitled “Essays on the surgery of pyogenic infections” (“Sketches of purulent surgery”), focused on the broad field of surgery with special reference to the pyogenic infections and served as a reference tool and guide book for the next generations of physicians. The Stalin Prize was the highest professional honor awarded to Valentin Felixovich Voyno-Yasenetsky by the Soviet state in recognition of his contribution to science. Voyno-Yasenetsky was a blessed physician who had a major influence on both patients and colleagues, due to his fundamental ethical principles and values based on Christian beliefs. His life and scientific work have been an example of the practical unity of scientific truth and religious faith. He was ordained to the diaconate and priesthood, until he elevated to the ranks of Bishop and Archbishop. He was arrested and subsequently exiled for his religious beliefs and his glorification by the Orthodox Church as Saint Luke was held in Russia in 2000, as a recognition of God’s holiness manifesting in his life. Saint Luke received an honorable place in the history of Medicine and the Eastern Orthodox Church. The present study aims to highlight key elements of his life and his scientific contributions.