bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PROUNI - pontos controversos sob a análise de alunos bolsistas
Authors: Fontele Tereza Lúcia Lima , Crisóstomo Vicente Lima
Published: November 2016

Resumo: Este trabalho analisa o Programa Universidade para Todos- PROUNI, criado como uma política afirmativa de democratização do acesso à educação superior. Materializado numa transação entre instituições privadas de educação superior e o governo federal, mediante incentivos fiscais, o PROUNI tem despertado bastantes polêmicas. Considerando que a efetividade de um programa dessa magnitude só pode analisada em médio e longo prazo, este trabalho soma-se ao debate sobre essa política pública, levado a efeito em distintos fóruns. O artigo tem como objetivo a realização de uma análise do programa a partir da opinião dos seus beneficiários, considerando que pouco há sido feito nessa direção. A partir do cotejamento de opiniões de bolsistas do PROUNI, pode-se alcançar a apreciação dessa política pública sob a óptica desses estudantes, procedimento considerado relevante, sobretudo por ter alargado os prismas da análise. Os resultados alcançados sinalizam que, de fato, o PROUNI atende às demandas de determinado segmento da população por inclusão no ensino superior. No entanto, os beneficiários consideram que há necessidade de ajustes no programa e que a formação acadêmica que ora recebem foi definida mais por perspectivas do mercado de trabalho e por conveniências das instituições que pelo critério da aptidão. A atividade laboral foi apontada como justificativa ao baixo desempenho acadêmico dos bolsistas, tendo sido encontrados na fala dos beneficiários indícios da existência de discriminação.
El crecimiento de los posgrados en educación en Argentina. Notas acerca de la estructura de la oferta y las políticas de evaluación
Authors: Fuentes Sebastian Gerardo
Published: November 2016

Resumen: El trabajo presenta una caracterización del campo de los posgrados en educación en la Argentina. Se describen datos de: tipos de posgrados, temáticas en los que se especializan, tipo de gestión, ubicación regional, inserción institucional, y evaluación que han recibido por parte del organismo evaluador. Se analiza el crecimiento de los posgrados en la Argentina a partir de la expansión de la matrícula universitaria, la denominada masificación de la educación superior y la intensificación de los criterios de evaluación en el nivel universitario y en el sistema de ciencia y técnica. Las necesidades de desarrollo académico de los docentes que organizan la oferta de posgrado, por un lado; y las necesidades de formación académica de los docentes universitarios, investigadores y docentes de otros niveles educativos, por el otro, se condensan en la creación de estructuras de formación de posgrado en las mismas instituciones (oferta), que son a su vez evaluadas por el nivel de sus docentes y sus estructuras de formación. La evaluación como modo de regulación de las instituciones, de los programas de posgrado y del personal docente retroalimenta circuitos y criterios de la profesionalización de los académicos en educación, y se reproducen, a su vez, inequidades de diverso tipo (como las regionales).
Setor educacional do MERCOSUL: convergência e integração regional da educação superior brasileira
Authors: S. Silveira Zuleide
Published: November 2016

Resumo: Este trabalho busca apreender as recentes modificações na educação superior brasileira por meio de duas mediações principais: o Estado brasileiro e o Setor Educacional do Mercado Comum do Sul (SEM). O contexto é de internacionalização da economia e de relações sociopolíticas que consistem nas formas históricas de estruturas articuladas institucionalmente na organização e funcionamento da educação. Evidencia os esforços de gestão supranacional dos assuntos educacionais ao mesmo tempo em que procura compreender a relação entre a grande política (formulada em nível supranacional no SEM) e a pequena política, levada adiante no aparelho de Estado brasileiro, em tono da formulação das políticas públicas de educação superior. Desvela os mecanismos institucionais que vêm propiciando a integração e regionalização da educação superior por meio de dois vetores direcionadores da reforma da educação superior: avaliação e mobilidade. O tempo da pesquisa remonta à gênese do MERCOSUL, no início dos anos 1990, estendendo-se até os dias atuais, com base na análise documental de atas de reuniões, protocolos, planos de ação, tratados e acordos firmados no âmbito do SEM e pelo conjunto de indicações e de legislação formuladas nos mandatos de governos brasileiros, no período 1995-2014, de modo a acrescentar a dimensão do tempo à compreensão da ação política dos sujeitos envolvidos na formulação das políticas de educação superior em âmbito regional e nacional; e, à apreensão dos embates de forças com disputas teóricas e políticas em torno da reforma da educação superior.
Comprensión de las medidas de tendencia central: un estudio comparativo en estudiantes de pedagogía en matemática en dos instituciones formadoras chilenas
Authors: Alveal Francisco Enrique Rodríguez , Fuentes Ana Carolina Maldonado , Rubilar Pedro Rodrigo Sandoval
Published: November 2016

Resumen: Producto de la abundancia de información del tipo estadística presente en la vida cotidiana se ha originado un interés por la formación estadística, particularmente a nivel de alumnos en formación inicial docente. En coherencia con lo anterior el objetivo del presente artículo es describir el dominio de las habilidades de descodificación en información presente en enunciados problemáticos como en representaciones gráficas mediante medidas de tendencia central. Para tal efecto se realizó una evaluación de tipo inferencial comparativa de corte transversal, mediante un muestreo estratificado a 73 estudiantes de Pedagogía en Matemática de dos universidades del Consejo de Rectores del centro sur del país, la primera de estatus jurídico público y la segunda privada. Se aplicó un instrumento debidamente validado por experto y de manera estadística arrojando un Alfa de Cronbach α=0,88 y un índice de validez de contenido de 0,71. En el análisis de la información se utilizaron métodos descriptivos numéricos (promedio aritmético, desviación estándar y frecuencia porcentual) y métodos inferenciales (prueba de comparaciones de proporciones). Los resultados evidencian que en general, los alumnos en Formación Inicial Docente (FID) presentan porcentajes de logro descendidos en relación al cálculo de medidas de resumen numéricas, tales como promedio aritmético o promedio ponderado, cuando los enunciados son de carácter implícito, como así también en lo referido a la simulación de distribuciones de datos bajo condiciones iniciales (promedio conocido). De lo anterior se puede inferir que los estudiantes en general no presentan conocimientos teóricos estadísticos en el uso de las medidas de tendencia central en relación con la naturaleza de las variables.
Fraude em avaliações no ensino superior do Brasil: aproximações com uma pesquisa de Portugal
Authors: Pimenta Maria Alzira de Almeida , Pimenta Sônia de Almeida
Published: November 2016

Resumo: A prática da fraude em avaliações (cola, pesca, fila, no Brasil; copianço, em Portugal) tem aumentado em todo o mundo (ECKSTEIN, 2003). Além de contemplar uma dimensão ética que merece reflexão, ela pode trazer implicações significativas para a qualidade da formação acadêmica dos estudantes e, consequentemente, comprometer a formação profissional. O problema tratado neste artigo é a fraude em avaliações no Brasil e em Portugal. O objetivo é apresentar e analisar resultados de pesquisas realizadas nas IES desses países. A pesquisa bibliográfica fornece suporte para a análise de dados coletados por meio de entrevistas e questionários aplicados a estudantes. A análise e a interpretação dos resultados revelam, além da ampla permanência desta prática nas universidades brasileiras, dentre outros aspectos, diferentes motivações para prática da fraude, as quais não impedem a consideração, por parte daqueles que a praticam, como sendo ruim ou censurável.
A governamentalidade e o Exame Nacional de Desempenho De Estudantes - ENADE
Authors: Feldmann Taise , Souza Osmar de
Published: November 2016

Resumo: Assiste-se, no Brasil, a partir dos anos 80/90, a um desencadear de um conjunto de avaliações nacionais. Essas avaliações atingem todos os segmentos, e neste artigo, aborda-se uma dessas avaliações, o Exame Nacional de Desempenho de Estudantes - ENADE. O ENADE vem sendo utilizado como uma avaliação da pretendida qualidade do ensino superior brasileiro, e em razão de todas as avaliações, instauram-se alguns conflitos, dentro e fora da universidade. Confrontam-se compreensões de avaliação. Discute-se o papel do Estado frente a essas práticas avaliativas e até o deslocamento do Estado-nação para um Estado transnacional. Este artigo tenta percorrer esses e outros problemas, fixando-se no conceito de governamentalidade, proposto por Michel Foucault. O ENADE foi aplicado pela primeira vez no ano de 2004, e faz parte do SINAES (Sistema Nacional de Avaliação da Educação Superior), do Ministério da Educação - MEC. O exame compreende uma parte de conhecimentos gerais e outra de específicos, e os resultados trazem consequências para os cursos e para as instituições. É por essas consequências que o conceito de governamentalidade constitui o foco deste artigo.
Behavior predictions of deep beams with short straight bar anchorages using strut-and-tie models and nonlinear analysis
Authors: SOUZA R. A. , BREÑA S.
Published: November 2016

Abstract This paper investigates the laboratory test results of 12 deep beams available in the literature, where the longitudinal reinforcement was anchored into the support using short straight bar anchorages. Four different specimen groups with three different shear span-to-depth ratios (a/d) were selected and most of the deep beams failed by strut crushing after yielding of the main longitudinal reinforcement. In order to investigate the behavior of the selected deep beams, an enhanced strut-and-tie model assuming geometrical adaptability (possibility of update in the dimensions of the struts and ties as the main tie starts to yield) is proposed. The analytical results obtained using this approach may be considered as much as accurate than some conducted complex nonlinear analysis considering smeared fixed cracking model and bond-slip behavior. However, an improvement on the effective strength factor of bottle-shaped struts by means of an iterative strut-and-tie model is needed, once the effective strength factor prescribed by NBR6118 (2014) has shown to be over conservative for all ranges of span-to-depth ratio (a/d) investigated. Finally, the obtained results indicated that short bar anchorages did not seem to influence significantly the shear strength of the deep beams investigated, especially the strength of bottled-shaped struts when appropriate crack control reinforcement is present.
Mortar modified with sulfonated polystyrene produced from waste plastic cups
Authors: MOTTA L. A. C. , VIEIRA J. G. , OMENA T. H. , FARIA F. A. C. , RODRIGUES FILHO G. , ASSUNÇÃO R. M. N.
Published: November 2016

Abstract In this work, we studied the addition of sulfonated polystyrene produced from waste plastic cups as an admixture for mortars. Mortars were analyzed with polystyrene content of 0.0; 0.2; 0.6; 1.0 and 1.4% in relation to the cement mass. The influence of polystyrene on the mortars' properties was evaluated by the consistency index, water retention, water absorption, porosity, elasticity modulus, compressive strength, flexural strength, bond tensile strength and microscopy. The increase in the sulfonated polystyrene content decreased the elasticity modulus of the mortar and, despite higher porosity, there was a reduction of water absorption by capillarity. In relation to mortar without admixture, the modified mortar showed an increase in water retention and consistency index, and a large increase in flexural strength and bond tensile strength. The significant increase of bond tensile strength (214% with admixture 1%) highlights the potential of the produced material as an adhesive mortar.
QUALIDADE NO SERVIÇO HOTELEIRO: UM ESTUDO BIBLIOMÉTRICO
Authors: Vivian Leticia Carvalho , Vianna Silvio Luiz Gonçalves
Published: November 2016

Atualmente o conceito de qualidade na hotelaria está relacionado ao atendimento das necessidades e expectativas dos clientes. As empresas não só devem apresentar os melhores produtos e serviços como também atender as demandas dos clientes que são a principal razão de ser de qualquer organização. Para melhor compreensão de como está sendo tratado este assunto dentro do âmbito acadêmico, o objetivo central do presente artigo é verificar qual a quantidade e diversidade de pesquisas realizadas em torno da qualidade no setor hoteleiro. Com o intuito de viabilizar o alcance deste objetivo foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliométrica, de corte longitudinal, nas bases de dados internacionais: Sage, Emerald, Science Direct, Springer, Web of Science e Wiley Online Library. Além das bases internacionais pesquisou-se também a principal base de dados nacional que é aquela vinculada ao Portal de Periódicos Capes e também o conjunto de periódicos on line de turismo no período de 2000 a 2014. A abordagem metodológica utilizada foi à análise bibliométrica, de natureza exploratória e descritiva. As conclusões do estudo apontam para o fato de que a maioria das obras publicadas é em língua estrangeira e está concentrada em poucas publicações, sendo que somente quatro revistas são responsáveis pela produção de 36,7% de todos os artigos encontrados. O principal enfoque das obras trata sobre a importância da qualidade no setor de serviço, sendo esta vista com grande relevância para perpetuar o negócio.

Palavras-chave: Turismo; Bibliometria, Hotelaria; Serviço; Qualidade.
SISTEMA DE CUSTOS INTEGRADO E COORDENADO COM A CONTABILIDADE: AUDITORIA DOS PROCESSOS EM UMA INDÚSTRIA METALÚRGICA
Authors: Onsi Jocelaine De Fátima , Biasio Roberto , Eckert Alex , Mecca Marlei Salete
Published: November 2016

A adoção do sistema de custos integrado e coordenado com a contabilidade, além de atender uma exigência fiscal, permite às empresas obterem informações corretas sobre a valorização dos estoques. A apuração do custo dos produtos sem este sistema leva a uma valoração distorcida do custo dos produtos e, consequentemente, a geração de informações erradas na elaboração das demonstrações contábeis e tomada de decisões gerenciais. Diante desse cenário o estudo tem como objetivo a identificação de todos os procedimentos para a implantação e funcionamento do sistema de custo integrado e coordenado com a contabilidade (SCICC). Inicialmente, procedeu-se uma pesquisa bibliográfica para identificar quais são os procedimentos que a literatura especializada prescreve para a implantação e funcionamento do referido sistema. Posteriormente, procedeu-se um estudo de caso, em uma empresa metalúrgica, que já vem utilizando o sistema, com o objetivo de verificar se a mesma seguiu os procedimentos previstos pela literatura para a implantação e se está seguindo os procedimentos definidos para a sua utilização. O estudo de caso foi executado analisando os documentos e processos efetuados pelo sistema adotado pela empresa em estudo. Ao final do estudo, identificou-se a necessidade de alguns ajustes no sistema, já que alguns procedimentos não estão sendo seguidos conforme previsto. Com base nessas constatações, foram apresentadas diversas sugestões de ajustes, visando melhorar o funcionamento do sistema.
MARKETING DE RELACIONAMENTO: UM ESTUDO DE CASO EM UMA LOJA ATUANTE NO VAREJO DE ARTIGOS DE DECORAÇÃO
Authors: Loriato Hannah Nicchio , Rodrigues Millyani Milli , De Anchieta Rebeca Boreli , Pelissari Anderson Soncini
Published: November 2016

O varejo é considerado um elo essencial da cadeia de distribuição, uma vez que permite manter a proximidade com o consumidor final. A partir do estreitamento dessa relação (varejista-consumidor final) o marketing de relacionamento tornou-se uma ferramenta estratégica essencial para que as empresas varejistas consigam satisfazer e fidelizar seus clientes. O presente estudo teve como objetivo identificar as ações de marketing de relacionamento praticadas em uma microempresa varejista que atua no setor de artigos de decoração na cidade de Vitória/ES. Foi desenvolvida uma pesquisa qualitativa, na qual foram realizadas entrevistas individuais com 10 (dez) clientes. Para a análise dos dados foi utilizada a técnica de categorização das perguntas e respostas obtidas nas entrevistas, na qual foi possível identificar as ações percebidas pelos clientes. A pesquisa revelou que produtos diferenciados e de qualidade, o bom atendimento, o serviço de consignação, a personalização de objetos e parcerias, são quesitos importantes na escolha de uma loja de artigos de decoração, sendo estratégias valorizadas pelos clientes e utilizadas para estreitar relações entre os clientes e a Loja.
Daphne Odjig: A Great Indigenous Artist and Humanitarian Has Passed
Authors: White Jerry P.
Published: November 2016

On October 1st, an exceptionally talented and important Indigenous artist passed away at the age of 97: Daphne Odjig.
Análisis de los métodos de valoración de costos ambientales: una mirada desde la investigación contable ambiental. Caso: construcción de la doble calzada vía al mar Cartagena-Barranquilla, tramo 1
Authors: Vergara Arrieta José Julio , Serpa Ávila Ilver Franc , Carbal Herrera Adolfo Enrique
Published: November 2016

Este documento se constituye como el primer avance dentro del proyecto de investigación titulado “Medición y valoración de costos sociales y ambientales de la Doble Calzada Vía al Mar Cartagena-Barranquilla: Tramo 1 Barrio Crespo – Entrada a Corregimientos de Tierra Baja y Puerto Rey” financiado por la Universidad de San Buenaventura Cartagena. En él se recogen las conclusiones derivadas de la búsqueda y análisis teórico-crítico realizado a los diferentes métodos, metodologías o técnicas que abordan el tema de la valoración de la calidad ambiental, para así desarrollar las primeras aproximaciones al ejercicio de valoración de costos ambientales. La postura para el presente análisis es adoptada desde una óptica investigativa del campo contable, cimentada desde corrientes interpretativas o heterodoxas de la realidad ambiental.
The extent of and reasons for non re-enrolment: A case of Korea National Open University
Authors: Choi Hyoseon , Lee Yekyung , Jung Insung , Latchem Colin
Published: November 2016

Despite continuous efforts to increase retention, dropout rates are high in distance universities. The objectives of this study were: 1) to investigate the extent and causes of non re-enrollment at a mega university, Korea National Open University; and 2) to suggest actions to improve the retention of students, in general, and those with higher risks of dropout in particular. A survey designed to establish the student demographics and the students’ main reasons for non re-enrollment was carried out during spring, 2009 with 1,353 respondents. The results indicate that a lack of feedback from the instructors, heavy workload, and difficulties in studying at a distance were the main reasons for non re-enrollment. The learners’ perceptions of the value of the degrees and their ages, gender, and educational backgrounds were also found to be significant factors in decisions not to re-enroll. The suggested solutions for reducing non re-enrollment include: a decrease in the number of required credit hours’ study per semester; the provision of stronger social support; the introduction of a more flexible enrollment system; and better use of the available technology and infrastructure to help both students and instructors build stronger learning communities.
Evaluation of the Vocational Education Orientation Programme (VEOP) at a university in South Africa
Authors: Jacobs Lynette , De Wet Corene
Published: November 2016

To address the training needs of Further Education and Training college (FETC) lecturers, and in the absence of a full professional education qualification, several higher education institutions, FETCs, and other bodies in South Africa formed an alliance to develop a short programme towards a possible future full qualification. In 2010 a Vocational Education Orientation Programme (VEOP) was piloted. In line with the responsibility for quality assurance, and the need to inform further developments in the training of FETC lecturers, the aim of this research was to evaluate the VEOP presented by the University of the Free State (UFS). To reach the stated aim, a two phase evaluative study was undertaken (1) to assess the individual modules, and (2) to holistically investigate the quality of the programme. Two questionnaires were used to gather data. The first set of data was collected at the completion of each of the six modules. For the second phase of the study, 48 lecturer-students were randomly selected more than a year after completion of the VEOP. The study identified a number of strengths and weaknesses of the VEOP. The results emphasise the need to carefully select tutors and train them to have an understanding of the FETC milieu, rethink the methodology employed in the education training of FETC lecturers, and redesign the modules’ contents to better reflect the FETC sector. The need to enhance student support and improve administration is also highlighted by the study. The results of the study may inform the development of a full qualification for FETC lecturers.
Peer feedback to facilitate project-based learning in an online environment
Authors: Ching Yu-Hui , Hsu Yu-Chang
Published: November 2016

There has been limited research examining the pedagogical benefits of peer feedback for facilitating project-based learning in an online environment. Using a mixed method approach, this paper examines graduate students’ participation and perceptions of peer feedback activity that supports project-based learning in an online instructional design course. Our findings indicate that peer feedback can be implemented in an online learning environment to effectively support project-based learning. Students actively participated in the peer feedback activity and responded positively about how the peer feedback activity facilitated their project-based learning experiences. The results of content analysis exploring the peer feedback reveal that learners were mostly supportive of peers’ work and they frequently asked questions to help advance their peers’ thinking. The implications and challenges of implementing peer feedback activity in an online learning environment are discussed.
Online social media applications for constructivism and observational learning
Authors: Mbati Lydia
Published: November 2016

Web 2.0 technologies have a range of possibilities for fostering constructivist learning and observational learning. This is due to the available applications which allow for synchronous and asynchronous interaction and the sharing of knowledge between users. Web 2.0 tools include online social media applications which have potential pedagogical benefits. Despite these potential benefits, there is inadequate utilization of online social media applications in learning management systems for pedagogical purposes. Reasons cited for the limited uptake of online social media applications in learning management systems include the lack of consideration regarding the pedagogical benefits of these applications (Christie & Garrote-Jurado, 2009, pp. 273-279). There is limited information regarding experiences of the use of online social media that foster constructivist and observational learning. Using a qualitative meta-ethnographic approach, this article explores the experiences of students and instructors regarding online social media applications for constructivism and observational learning. Constructivist criteria (Baviskar, Hartle, & Whitney, 2009, pp. 543-544) and observational learning, based on Bandura’s (2001, pp. 265-299) social cognitive theory, formed the theoretical grounding for this research. The findings suggest that discussion forums are ideal for the stimulation of constructivism and observational learning in online learning programmes.  
Reviews and practice of college students regarding access to scientific knowledge: A case study in two Spanish universities
Authors: Sáez López José Manuel , Ruiz Ruiz Jose María , Cacheiro González Maria Luz
Published: November 2016

This study analyzes the concepts, attitudes, and practices of 327 pedagogy students from two major Spanish universities related to the process of finding academic information utilizing open access. A training program has been developed through an innovation project (PIMCD) to address the problem of the lack of university training designed to enable students to access reliable sources of scientific knowledge. A mixed questionnaire with a pretest-posttest design, applying a descriptive analysis, a factor analysis, and a Wilcoxon test was administered to students. The results show that it is essential to provide information and training to encourage university students to learn how to find and manage rigorous and reliable sources of information. While searching for academic information, Spanish students tend to focus on the use of Google and, to a lesser extent, Google Scholar. Although there are no significant limitations of access to Spanish language articles, students’ attitudes remain very positive towards the concept of open access. In short, in accordance with the study results, the promotion of educational activities relating to the search for and selection of information and the use of reliable and rigorous academic content is highly recommended in the university context.
Synthesis of Polyhydroxybutyrate Particles with Micro-to-Nanosized Structures and Application as Protective Coating for Packaging Papers
Authors: Rastogi Vibhore Kumar , Samyn Pieter
Published: November 2016

This study reports on the development of bio-based hydrophobic coatings for packaging papers through deposition of polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) particles in combination with nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) and plant wax. In a first approach, PHB particles in micrometer range (PHB-MP) were prepared through a phase-separation technique providing internally nanosized structures. The particles were transferred as a coating by dip-coating filter papers in the particle suspension, followed by sizing with a carnauba wax solution. This approach allowed partial to almost full surface coverage of PHB-MP over the paper surface resulting in static water contact angles of 105° to 122° and 129° to 144° after additional wax coating. In a second approach, PHB particles with submicron sizes (PHB-SP) were synthesized by an oil-in-emulsion (o/w) solvent evaporation method, and mixed in aqueous suspensions with 0 to 7 wt% NFC. After dip-coating filter papers in PHB-SP/NFC suspensions and sizing with a carnauba wax solution, static water contact angles of 112° to 152° were obtained. The intrinsic properties of the particles were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, thermal analysis and infrared spectroscopy, indicating higher crystallinity for PHB-SP than PHB-MP. The chemical interactions between the more amorphous PHB-MP particles and paper fibers were identified as an esterification reaction, while the morphology of the NFC fibrillar network was playing a key role as binding agent in the retention of more crystalline PHB-SP at the paper surface, hence contributing to higher hydrophobicity.
Impact of Culture pH Regulation on Biohydrogen Production using Suspended and Immobilized Microbial Cells
Authors: Penniston Joelle , Gueguim Kana Evariste Bosco
Published: November 2016

The effect of pH regulation on biohydrogen production was studied using suspended and immobilized mixed cultures. Four sets of experiments were conducted using suspended cells under regulated pH (Sus_R) and non-regulated pH conditions (Sus_N) as well as alginate-immobilized cells under pH regulated (Imm_R) and non-pH regulated conditions (Imm_N). Sus_R showed a peak hydrogen fraction of 44% and complete glucose degradation, compared to Sus_N with a peak hydrogen fraction of 36% and a glucose degradation of 37%. Imm_R experiments showed a peak biohydrogen fraction of 35%, while the peak hydrogen fraction observed with Imm_N was 22%. The highest hydrogen fraction was observed using suspended cells under regulated pH conditions. A 100% glucose degradation was observed in both pH regulated and non-regulated processes using immobilized cells. The rate of pH change was slower for immobilized cells compared to suspended cells suggesting a better buffering capacity under non pH regulated conditions. The study showed that biohydrogen production with suspended cells in a non-regulated pH environment resulted in early termination of the process and lower productivity.
PENYERAPAN GAS KARBON DIOKSIDA (CO2) DALAM BIOGAS DENGAN LARUTAN CALSIUM HIDROKSIDA (Ca(OH)2)
Authors: Paryanto Paryanto , Pranolo Sunu Herwi
Published: November 2016

Abstract: Biogas is one of kinds of renewable alternative energy. It can used for partial substitute of unrenewable energy. Biogas is made from  fermentation process organic waste (solid or liquid) from home industry, agricultural, animal. With the major compositon is methane gas, it can used for fuel and raw material of other chemicals, for example are hydrogen, ammonia etc. Although biogas has many of  advantages,  But it has a  problem about the high carbon dioxide composition. So biogas need a process purification from carbon dioxide composition. One of  The purification process of biogas is absorption process with absorbent. In the research Ca(OH)2  solution is used for it’s absorbent. The research  study absorption carbon dioxide with Ca(OH)2 in the absorber column with kinds of  absorber fill material  from chemical reaction. The variable is used in the research is space time of Ca(OH)2 solution  in the absorber column and the conversion of CO2 absorp which can calculate from conversion of absorbent solution. For known conversion of Ca(OH)2, a solution Ca(OH)2 from absorber column which absorp gas CO2 is taken  each 10 minute for  1 hour. Sample (Ca(OH)2 solution) is analyzed with acidymetre-alkalymetre method. HCl 0.1 N Solution  is used for analyze CaCO3 product and  HCl 0.1 N solution combine with BaCl 0.1 N to analyze remainCa(OH)2 for calculate conversion of CO2. Result of this research is reaction rate constant for absorber fill material marbles, plastic pipe, ceramic, wood, and roof-tile are (0.781), (0.464), (0.916), (0.637), dan (0.987) .

 Keywords: Biogas, CO2, absorber, rate of reaction
PENGEMBANGAN MODEL MATEMATIKA PROSES SIMULTAN ANTARA SAKARIFIKASI DAN FERMENTASI PADA PRODUKSI POLYHYDROXYBUTYRATE
Authors: Margono Margono
Published: November 2016

Abstract: One of the amylolytic bacteria that are able to accumulate polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) intracellularly is Bacillus sp. However, the ability of these bacteria to synthesize PHB is unknown so further research is still needed. This study aimed to develop a mathematical model of the fermentation process that can be used as a tool for process optimization in the context of the production of PHB using amylolytic bacterium Bacillus sp. and substrate tapioca. Mathematical model is based on a review of simultaneous process between the saccharification and fermentation. Mathematical model consists of 5 simultaneous ordinary differential equations and 15 kinetics parameters. Parameters of the mathematical models was determined by matching the data (data fitting) of experiments and simulations using the genetic algorithm method and MATLAB programming language. The data was obtained from the experiments of  batch process using 1000 mL of shaken flask with working volume of 250 mL. Incubation was performed in an incubator shaker at room temperature, the speed of 130 rpm, and initial pH 7.0. The values of the parameters were μopt 0.037 1/hour, Vm 1,235 1/hr , Km 60.654 g / L, the cell yield (YRSg) 0.170 g dry weight / g glucose and product yield (YPSg) 0.032 g PHB / g glucose.

 Keywords: Bacillus sp.; optimization;  parameters; mathematical models; polyhydroxybutyrate
PENGERINGAN ETANOL DALAM KOLOM UNGGUN TETAP DENGAN ADSORBENT SILICA GEL
Authors: Dyartanti Endah Retno
Published: November 2016

Abstract: Bioethanol is one of renewable energy source. One example of the use of ethanol as an alternative fuel: a mixture of gasoline and alcohol (>99%) called Gasohol for gasoline fuel substitute.One method of drying ethanol is adsorption method. This study is aimed to dry ethanol (ethanol concentration> 99%) or  fuel grade as an alternative fuel by adsorption method in a fixed bed column with  adsorbent silica gel. Dry ethanol is obtained from purifying (distillation) and dryng (adsorpstion).The drying process begins with the process of refining ethanol from fermentation ±95% continued to ethanol distillation process until the concentration dries in fixed bed column. This tool consists of: a fixed bed column (adsorber column), ethanol bait container (stokpot), electric stove, a condenser and adsorber to the condenser connector. Adsorber column consists of the adsorbent tubes with a diameter of 3.6 cm and, tube-in adsorber with a diameter of 3.8 cm, the outer tube adsorber with a diameter of 6cm and 40 cm high. Adsorber column is equipped with a heating jacket is water-tube that is placed between inner and outer tube-adsorber. Ethanol feed is heated in ethanol bait traps using electric stove and heater temperature is maintained at a temperature of ±80ºC. Ethanol vapor is then flowed into the fixed bed column containing the adsorbent silica gel (±200 gr) which have been dried.Adsorber column temperature is maintained by running hot water in the jacket heater with a temperature of ±78ºC. Drying of ethanol is run for 120 minutes. Ethanol vapor output from the adsorber column is condensed into liquid ethanol through the condenser. The output of ethanol from the condenser is collected and analyzed using picnometer ethanol content.

 Keywords: Adsorption, Distillation, Ethanol, Fixed Bed Column, Silica Gel
Digital Wallet System for Smart Ticketing
Authors: Kaitha Vinay Kumar Reddy , Grandhi Bala Naga Vamsidhar , Kosaraju Vinay Babu
Published: November 2016

This paper briefly discusses an effective, efficient, convenient ticketing system designed especially for the transportation system in the Indian Subcontinent, which can be also extended to different types of domain by introducing few changes in design according to working environment. This system reduces man power which in turn reduces the maintenance costs to a greater extent.
Citas de San Cirilo de Alejandría en la obra de Pedro de Calínico magnum opus ʽContra Damianum᾽
Authors: EBIED Rifaat
Published: November 2016

El tema de este trabajo es la controversia entre Pedro de Calínico, Patriarca de Antioquía (581-591) y Damián, Patriarca de Alejandría (581-591). El objetivo principal de este artículo es doble: primero, presentar una breve descripción de la disputa del siglo VI sobre la doctrina de la Trinidad entre Pedro de Calínico y Damián de Alejandría, que a su vez, llevó al cisma entre Antioquía y Alejandría durante 30 años; segundo, identificar, reunir y reproducir las numerosas citas (ca. cuarenta y siete pasajes), en su contexto siriaco, de varias obras trascendentales de San Cirilo de Alejandría, contenidas en la magnum opus ‘Contra Damianum’ de Pedro de Calínico.
Un poema italiano de fines del siglo XVIII sobre la biografía de Muḥammad. Maometto, legislatore degli Arabi e fondatore dell’impero musulmano, de Alberto Baccanti
Authors: GONZÁLEZ MUÑOZ Fernando
Published: November 2016

Este artículo presenta y analiza el contenido de un poema italiano poco conocido sobre la biografía del profeta Muḥammad. La obra, que lleva por título Maometto legislatore degli arabi e fondatore dell’ impero musulmano; fue compuesta a finales del siglo XVIII por Alberto Baccanti, canónigo de Casalmaggiore. Además de ofrecer un amplio resumen del argumento, se especifican las principales fuentes, en particular, la biografía de Muḥammad publicada en 1748 por Jean Gagnier, y se comentan otras cuestiones relacionadas, como son el contexto literario en que aparece, el proceso de adaptación del material biográfico a los códigos formales del poema épico y el propio tratamiento ideológico de la biografía del Profeta.
The 12 Apps of Christmas: an innovative and effective online student and educator support
Authors: Boylan Frances
Published: November 2016

The 12 Apps of Christmas course is a free open online course that has run at the Dublin Institute of Technology, Dublin, Ireland in both 2014 and 2015. The 2014 iteration of this course was aimed specifically at instructors and went on to win the Mobile Learning Division of the International E-Learning Award (iELA), and come joint third-place at the eLearning Excellence Awards run as part of the 14th European Conference on eLearning. The 2015 iteration was aimed primarily at students of all ages undertaking further education, third level education, and/or post-graduate study, but also included additional supporting information for educators. This case study sets out our experiences of designing and delivering the 2015 iteration of this innovative and effective student and educator support.
University, e-portfolio and students: perpetuating a sense of failure?
Authors: Bardy Helen , Loveland-Armour Lorraine , Parkes Sarah
Published: November 2016

Newman University embraces partnership work through the principles of a pedagogy of partnership evidenced through development of Student Academic Partnership (SAP), Student Research Partnership (SRP) and Student Community Partnership (SCP) projects.Driving enhancement of digital literacy in its graduates, the Youth and Community work programme embraced the open source e-portfolio platform Mahara for use on study skills and placement modules. Staff however, became aware of the difficulties encountered by students using Mahara and embarked on an initial SAP to unmask the barriers and inform teaching development. This was subsequently followed by an SRP that investigated the specific difficulties for students with dyslexia.The projects found that students valued peer to peer support rather than online support resources, and uncovered a variety of navigational issues that reinforces a sense of failure (Nosek, 1997), stymieing progress that ultimately limits opportunities for students to creatively express knowledge and understanding of a given subject.
Engaging and Empowering Student Representatives as Agents of Change at The University of Nottingham Ningbo China
Authors: François Claudia , Gilardi Filippo , Halim Dunant , Hirzel Thomas , Tan K Cohen
Published: November 2016

The Learning Community Forum (LCF) at The University of Nottingham Ningbo China is a student-led forum where views regarding the provision of teaching and learning in general are collected and voiced. While the LCF may potentially identify issues that are otherwise overlooked by university-sanctioned surveys, it is confronted with various challenges. This paper investigates into the challenges and problems as encountered by the LCF student representatives by looking at two case studies: the LCFs of the Language Centre (LC) and of the Department of Mechanical, Materials and Manufacturing Engineering (MMME) at UNNC. The study aimed at identifying areas that worked well and those that needed improvement through interviews with student representatives to provide input for the design of a Nottingham Advantage Award (NAA) module. The NAA, as an instrument to address those identified challenges and problems, provides the following: 1) formal recognition of student contribution to teaching and learning, 2) training and relevant skills to empower student representatives as agents of change, and 3) increased future employability through encouraging active reflection on their experience.
Editorial Team
Authors: Keyms Gillian
Published: November 2016

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Absolute Multiphase Electrical Capacitance Tomography Reconstruction Using a Level Set Algorithm
Authors: Alhosani Esra , Soleimani Manuchehr
Published: November 2016

Multiphase flow measurement is a vital topic in the process industries especially the oil and gas industry due to the critical need of measuring the individual phases of any multiphase process. One new method for multiphase flow measurement is the use of process tomography, however, multiphase flow imaging is a challenging topic in industrial process tomography that is still in the stage of research. In this article, simulation and experimental results of reconstructing the permittivity profile of multi-phase material from absolute Electrical Capacitance Tomography (ECT) data are presented. A multiphase narrowband level set algorithm is developed to reconstruct the interfaces between three or four phase permittivity values. The level set algorithm is capable of performing absolute value ECT reconstruction, which is to image multiphase permittivity by using only one set of ECT measurement data. The algorithm is tested with high contrast and low contrast multiphase data, which adds more to the challenge. Simulation and experimental results shows the superiority of this algorithm over classical pixel based image reconstruction methods. Absolute multiphase ECT reconstruction using a level set algorithm is presented and critically evaluated for the first time in this study which was first published in the Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 2016.
Systematic Field Validation of New Casing Wear Quantification Process
Authors: Aichinger F. , Dao N. H. , Brillaud L. , Nobbs B. , Delapierre A. , Pinault C. , Rossi X.
Published: November 2016

Casing wear predictions are necessary for a fit-for-purpose, cost efficient casing design. In order to achieve a reliable casing wear prediction from simulations, three objectives have to be met: (1) Accurate modelling of mechanical work, (2) accurate derivation of casing wear from mechanical work and (3) accurate wear factor calibration through MFCL (Multi Finger Caliper Log) interpretation. The paper presents a theoretical description of all three steps and their application on a representative field case, highlighting recent improvements and reducing uncertainties at each step with a focus on a newly developed MFCL interpretation methodology.

To accurately derive the mechanical work an advanced stiff-string model(3) is used to simulate the history of side forces for each rotating operation, of each BHA, which was in contact with the casing. Accurate surveys and small calculation increments are vital. Operation parameters must be data mined with great care.

To properly derive the wear from simulated mechanical work, a 3-D oriented wear model is used. This 3D mesh is able to distinguish the influence of different contact geometries on the wear groove shape and the location of thinnest wall thickness. Due to the usage of an advanced stiff-string model, drillstring body contact points are identified and therefore the wear model allows the input of different wear factors for different types of contacts (Tooljoint, Pipebody, Torque reducer)(12). Additionally, the model allows the application of linear and non-linear wear models.

To properly calibrate wear factors, a reliable and robust MFCL log interpretation must be conducted. Wear is commonly measured by comparing the results of a MFCL to a base MFCL, which ideally was taken at the beginning of the section. In the standard process, the maximum measured diameters per joint of both MFCLs are compared. A more accurate single run-MFCL interpretation methodology will be presented, which relies on statistical analysis of the casing shape.

It was found that the standard MFCL interpretation methodology may be the weak link in the chain. The standard methodology led to significant exaggeration of the wear factor(s), especially if the calibration was done based on mild levels of wear. Casing wear prediction remains a complex issue, due to uncertainties concerning wear and friction factor. The new MFCL calibration methodology, including a robust stiff-string torque and drag model, is capable of significantly reducing the levels of uncertainty. Overall the complete methodology is the basis for accurate wear prediction and reduces the need of casing over-engineering.
Evaluation of Efficiency Gas EOR Techniques Using Advanced PVT-model
Authors: Semenov A.A. , Allouti A.
Published: November 2016

Conventional way of building PVT-models of reservoir fluids consists of creating the simplistic so-called black-oil model. Results from PVT laboratory (fluid densities, bubble-point pressure, GOR, etc…) are using as input data for PVT correlations. All other properties of the reservoir fluids are calculated from widely known PVT correlations. But simplistic black-oil models were not designed for the modelling of change of fluid state (oil to gas and vice versa). Also black-oil models are not capable to simulate effects on the oil-gas contact.

In order to overcome above mentioned issues, compositional PVT-models have been introduced. These models solve equation of state (EOS) for each component. They add number of equations to the numerical simulator (lumping procedure could be introduced), but allow to accurately simulate effects on the gas-oil contact and transfet of one hydraucarbon phase to another. But usually a few results of fluid analysis are availbale and the question is: how to use all those results to build a non contradictive PVT model which is in line with all PVT experiments results?

In order to overcome this challenge, the workflow for quality control (QC) and analysis of fluid PVT data is proposed. That workflow was used to analyse data from reservoirs an Abu Dhabi Offshore field. After selection and cleaning of data set, the lumping of initially broad composition (C36+) was executed. Then regression algorithms from commercially available software have been used to match lumped composition properties with results of PVT experiments. Results of PVT experiments from other wells were used as a blind test for derived composition.
Value at Risk VaR of Dynamic Crude Oil Prices for Project Risk and Economics – Application of Extreme Value Theory EVT and Peak-Over-Threshold POT Model
Authors: Nurhadi Sudirman Rasmin
Published: November 2016

This paper applies Peak Over Threshold (POT) model of extreme value theory, using Generalized Pareto Distribution (GPD) which can give more accurate description on long-heavy-tailed distribution of crude oil prices dynamics. The baseline data are long-run series of historical daily spot prices (WTI and Brent) and basket prices (OPEC). Since the focus is risk perspective of oil producers, this study exercises the loss value of crude oil prices, negative difference of a particular day with previous one.

Value at Risk (VaR) is empirically quantified based on on historical trends, volatility and correlation to estimate the likelihood that given losses will exceed a certain amount. The threshold are determined by sample mean excess function, while General Pareto Distribution (GPD) estimators are obtained using Probability Weighted Moments (PWM) method. Econometric statistics software is used for auto-correlation and heteroscedasticity test of pre-treated raw data, while backtesting of VaR result used Kupiec Proportion of Failure Test and Loglikehood Ratio approach.

The focus is to apply modern method of risk assessment, providing an alternative tool / methodology of quantitative risk analysis for company E&P projects, especially during dynamic-oil-price environment.