bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bingkai Kurus Realisme Struktural Epistemik
Authors: Supelli Karlina
Published: November 2020

Abstrak: Di tengah-tengah perdebatan panjang antara realisme dan anti realisme dalam filsafat ilmu, realisme struktural (RS) diajukan sebagai gagasan yang terbaik dari keduanya. Versi epistemik RS (RSE) berpendapat bahwa kita memiliki alasan yang baik untuk percaya bahwa teori memiliki struktur yang tepat, yaitu bahwa wujud dan struktur yang dipostulatkan oleh teori betul-betul ada. Namun demikian, RSE tidak mengajukan dakuan epistemik menyangkut hakikat wujud yang melandasi struktur. Semua pengetahuan mengenai dunia fisis adalah pengetahuan tentang struktur. Dalam tulisan ini penulis memberi tinjauan tentang RSE dan beberapa argumen yang menolak RSE. Belajar dari sejarah fisika zarah, penulis akan memperlihatkan bahwa struktur menunjuk ke sifat-sifat mendasar yang dimiliki oleh komponen-komponennya dan dengan demikian menyediakan jalur epistemik bagi wujud yang relasi-relasinya mendefinisikan struktur. Meski demikian, struktur matematis sebuah teori hanya memungkinkan kita membangun pengetahuan tentang wujud-wujud yang tidak teramati sebagai “objek” dan bukan objek-objek partikular.

Kata-kata Kunci: Realisme, anti-realisme, realisme struktural epistemik, argumen tanpa keajaiban, meta-induksi pesimistik, wujud takteramati.

Abstract: In the lengthy debate between antirealism and realism in the philosophy of science, structural realism (SR) has been suggested as “the best of both worlds.” The epistemic version of SR (ESR) holds that we have good reason to believe that our most successful scientific theories are structurally correct—that the entities and structures postulated by a theory actually exist, and yet it makes no epistemic claim about the nature of the underlying entities. All that we can know is the structure of the physical world. In this article I present an overview of ESR and a number of arguments that have been brought up against it. Drawing lessons from the history of contemporary physics, I will show that “structure” points to the fundamental properties of its constituents and thus provides an epistemic access to the nature of those entities whose relations define structure in the first place. Nevertheless, the mathematical structure of a theory enables us only to construe knowledge of an unobservable entity as “object,” and not this or that particular object.

Keywords: Realism, anti-realism, epistemic structural realism, no miracle argument, pesimistic meta-induction, unobservable entity.
Death of a child because of refusal to hemotranfusion on religious motives: legal aspect
Authors: Parilov O.
Published: November 2020

In the Russian Federation in recent years, dozens of children have died due to the fact that they did not receive blood transfusions on time, when it was urgently necessary for medical reasons. This happened because their parents or legal representatives — Jehovah’s Witnesses are principled opponents of blood transfusion for religious reasons. The philosophical (bioethical), theological aspects are studied, but special attention is paid to the legal aspect of the problem.
Specifics of the process of teaching and didactic support of distance teaching in higher education institutions of the Ministry of internal Affairs of Russia
Authors: Gorbachev Vladimir , Suprunov Aleksandr , Vasiliev Vyacheslav
Published: November 2020

The transfer of institutions of higher education of the Ministry of internal Affairs of Russia to the format of a distance learning model has led to significant changes in the actual, representative, technical nature in the field of educational, methodological and didactic support for the entire process of educational activities of the universities. The article discusses not only basic questions of the content of educational-methodical and didactic providing of distance teaching, but also specific features and problems, that arise in connection with the transformation of the process of development of all educational programs implemented by the University of the MIA RF in remote mode.
Recipes and secrets of training practitioners-analysts and scientists-researchers. Review on the textbook of I.V. Ponkin and A.I. Redkina “Methodology of Scientific Research and Practical Analytics” (Moscow, 2020)
Authors: Arabadzhiyski Nikolay
Published: November 2020

Recipes and secrets of training practitioners-analysts and scientists-researchers. Review on the textbook of I.V. Ponkin and A.I. Redkina “Methodology of Scientific Research and Practical Analytics” (Moscow, 2020)
The value of subjective signs in the qualification of an illegal formation of an organization through a dummy: proposals for improving legislation
Authors: Karpova Ekaterina
Published: November 2020

The article examines the compliance of the structure and the normative content of the corpus delicti under art. 1731 of the Criminal code of the Russian Federation, the principle of subjective imputation. The possibility of a deeper differentiation of responsibility based on the delimitation of the direction of the guilty person’s intent is investigated. Legislative proposals for improving the criminal legislation in this area have been formulated.
La defensa de los derechos colectivos en México. Un análisis comparativo
Authors: Sánchez Estrada Stephany Consuelo , Aguilera Izaguirre Gustavo
Published: November 2020

El presente artículo tiene como finalidad identificar la efectividad de los instrumentos de protección jurisdiccional de los derechos colectivos en México, a partir de un análisis compara- tivo que se realice de los ordenamientos de los países de América Latina tales como Brasil, Argentina y Colombia.
KEPEMIMPINAN TRANSFORMATIF DALAM PERSPEKTIF PENDIDIKAN AGAMA KRISTEN
Authors: Natonis Harun Y.
Published: November 2020

juan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk beberapa hal. Pertama, apa sesungguhnya kepemimpinan transformatif dari perspektif Pendidikan Agama Kristen. Kedua, bagaimana karakteristik kepemimpinan transformatif dalam perspektif Pendidikan Agama Kristen. Ketiga, bagaimana strategi dalam mengimplementasikan kepemimpinan transformatif dalam perspektif Pendidikan Agama Kristen?. Metode dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam perspektif Pendidikan Agama Kristen, kepemimpinan transformatif dilihat dalam karakter kepemimpinan Yesus. Kepemimpinan transformatif Yesus menunjukkan bahwa dalam kepemimpinan, seorang pemimpin harus berwibawa. Dengan kewibawaan, maka pemimpin menjalankan kepemimpinan dengan perencanaan dan strategi yang matang. Strategi yang matang menolong pemimpin dan masyarakatnya menyelesaikan masalah. Pemimpin ini memiliki kompetensi mengetahui karakter setiap individu yang dipimpinnya. Pemimpin juga mampu memandang masa depan masyarakatnya dan menghendaki masyarakatnya dapat berkembang secara mandiri. Dan yang paling utama pemimpin ini adalah pemimpin yang mampu menjadi teladan bagi masyarakatnya.
Pengaruh Jumlah Simpanan dan Tunggakan Kredit Terhadap Kesejahteraan Anggota Koperasi CU. Maju Bersama di Kecamatan Siantar Kabupaten Simalungun
Authors: Desman Gulo  , Elidawaty Purba  , Darwin Damanik
Published: November 2020

Koperasi adalah salah satu bentuk usaha berbadan hukum yang berdiri di Indonesia. Menurut Undang-Undang No 17 tahun 2012 Pasal 1 Ayat 1 Tentang Perkoperasian, Koperasi adalah badan hukum yang didirikan oleh orang perseorangan atau badan hukum Koperasi, dengan pemisahan kekayaan para anggotanya sebagai modal untuk menjalankan usaha, yang memenuhi aspirasi dan kebutuhan bersama di bidang ekonomi, sosial, dan budaya sesuai dengan nilai dan prinsip Koperasi. Credit Union (CU) adalah sebuah lembaga keuangan yang bergerak dibidang simpan pinjam dan dikelola oleh anggotanya, dan yang bertujuan untuk mensejahterakan anggotanya sendiri. dan CU merupakan kumpulan orang - orang saling percaya dan mempunyai jaringan international. Waktu penelitian berlangsung dari bulan Maret 2020 sampai dengan Juni 2020. Lokasi penelitian bertempat di Kantor CU. Maju Bersama di Jalan  Asahan Km 4, Kecamatan Siantar, Kabupaten Simalungun. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif, Melalui metode deskriptif ini diharapkan peneliti dapat menghasilkan gambaran yang tepat mengenai pengaruh jumlah simpanan dan jumlah tunggakan kredit terhadap kesejahteraan anggota koperasi CU Maju Bersama di Kecamatan Siantar Kabupaten Simalungun. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian hipotesis yang telah dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa pengaruh Simpanan Anggota terhadap kesejahteraan anggota koperasi CU Maju Bersama di Kecamatan Siantar Kabupaten Simalungun berbanding positif dan signifikan. Dengan nilai probabilitas simpanan anggota yaitu 0,000 < 0,05 dan nilai koefisien sebesar 0,038. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa apabila simpanan anggota naik 1% maka kesejahteraan anggota yang diproxy dengan Sisa Hasil Usaha (SHU) akan meningkat sebesar 0,038.
The Spatial and Temporal Characteristics of Climate Change in Kakamega Tropical Rainforest Ecosystem of Kakamega County, Kenya
Authors: Aseta John Ayieko
Published: November 2020

The main objective of this study was to establish the spatial and temporal characteristics of climate change in the Kakamega Tropical Rainforest. This study was descriptive and cross-sectional in design and relied on a mixed methods methodology. Anthropogenic Global Warming Theory and Adaptive Management Theory were used to guide the study. A conceptual framework showing the interrelationship between the dependent and independent variables was outlined. The study utilized both secondary and primary data. The target population was 200 households living up to 10 km from the forest edge in the selected communities neighbouring Kakamega Tropical Rainforest and 20 government officials within Kakamega County. A total of 119 members of the households and 20 forest officers were sampled as respondents in the study. The study findings revealed that the spatial and temporal characteristics of climate change were very extreme temperatures and precipitation (the results revealed that temperature is increasing by 0.04 °C per annum while rainfall amounts have dropped by 150 mm for the past fifty-three years in the region). The study recommended that there is a need to conserve the forest to get rid of extreme temperatures and precipitation since it was a source of many services to the surrounding communities and that the forest ecosystem also helped to adapt or mitigate climate change among others.
Introduction to the Study of Medicinal Plants, Bioeconomy and Business Opportunities in Central and South Amazon in Ecuador
Authors:   Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Malagon Omar , Garcia Juan M. ,   Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Morocho Carolina ,   Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja
Published: November 2020

Ecuador is a megabiodiverse country with high opportunities to develop economic activities around renewable resources. The research performed scouts the state of the bioeconomy in Ecuador and emphasizes the development of different projects carried out in the Department of Chemistry – Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja (Ecuador), including the design and commercialization of a natural ingredient and the intellectual protection (patent) of two products obtained from biodiversity. Finally, a preliminary bibliographic study is developed describing the state of the art of the use of plant and animal species in the Amazonian provinces of Ecuador.
Šiuolaikiniai miego apnėjos diagnostikos ir gydymo principai
Authors: Pilkauskaitė Guoda , Miliauskas Skaidrius
Published: November 2020

Straipsnyje aptariama miego apnėjos klasifikacija, šiuolaikinis požiūris į diagnostiką ir gydymo galimybes.
Tiotropio vieta gydant LOPL paūmejimą
Authors: Nutautienė Rūta
Published: November 2020

Lėtinė obstrukcinė plauãų liga (LOPL) – progresuojanti kvėpavimo takų liga, viena dažniausių neįgalumo ir mirties priežasãų pasaulyje. Kvėpavimo takų praplėtimas, bronchus pleãanãų vaistų parinkimas yra LOPL gydymo pagrindas. Tiotropis – ilgo veikimo anticho-linerginis vaistas, patvirtintas LOPL gydyti, efektyviai sumažina LOPL paūmėjimų dažnumą. Straipsnyje pristatomi LOPL paūmėjimo apibrėžimai, pagrindiniai diagnostikos kriterijai, medikamentinio ir nemedikamentinio gydymo principai.
Deguonies svarba gydant LOPL
Authors: Nutautienė Rūta
Published: November 2020

Straipsnyje aptariama nauja LOPL vertinimo samprata, remiantis simptomų ryškumu, paūmėjimų rizika, bronchų obstrukcijos sunkumu, gretutinėmis ligomis bei deguonies terapijos svarba gydant LOPL.
In Uzbek Linguistics, Analogies Of Human Mental State (On The Example Of Odil Yakubov's Works)
Authors:   Teacher, Termez State University, Uzbekistan, Ergasheva Dilrabo Allanazarovna
Published: November 2020

The article analyze the relationship between language and thought, the expression of this connection in the speech of a work of art, which indicates the factors leading to the actualization of linguistic units. On the example of Odil Yakubov's works “Ulugbek’s treasure”, “Religion” the expression of the hero's mental state is analyzed.
BANKING SECTOR ORIENTED FINANCIAL INCLUSION IN INDIA: A LONG TERM PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Pathan Sana , Fulwari Archana
Published: November 2020

Financial Inclusion is an emerging concept. The objective of the government behind 100 percent Financial Inclusion is to have inclusive growth in India. Several initiatives have been taken by the Government of India and the Reserve Bank of India to improve access to financial services. To measure the effectiveness of these initiatives there is need to measure the extent of Financial Inclusion. Financial Inclusion can be measured by gauging the progress in access to and usage of a range of products and services of financial institutions over time. The present study sought to propose an index to measure the extent of banking sector oriented Financial Inclusion in India over a period of time rather than a cross-section study which has been the focus of many a studies. The study used more specific indicators of banks-centric financial inclusion dimensions to gauge the long run trend in Financial Inclusion in India. The results indicate that there is much improvement in Financial Inclusion in India since the implementation of financial sector reforms.
CONCEPT OF MEDIA LITERACY AND LIBRARY CAMPAIGNS
Authors: Vyas Priyanki , Parmar Kinjal
Published: November 2020

Literacy become common word’s among people, usually it defined the ability to read and write. Development of the information technology literacy develop in the form of various categories, i.e. Information literacy, media literacy, digital literacy etc. Media literacy is the ability to identify different types of media and understand the message they’re sending. The library is place of sharing resources, ideas, information and knowledge with different media, because of the library also need require awareness of media literacy among users. Library have many kinds of media like social media, printed media, electronic media and digital media which help in creating media literacy among users. The digital era makes easy to create any kind of media. With the media literacy innovative ideas and activities should be introduce in form of library campaigns.
UNDERSTANDING OF INTERCULTURALISM AND HUMAN SOLIDARITY IN M.G. VASSANJI’S NO NEW LAND.
Authors: Brahmbhatt Shaurya
Published: November 2020

Interculturalism refers to support for cross-cultural dialogue and challenging self-segregation tendencies within cultures. Interculturalism involves moving beyond mere passive acceptance of a multicultural fact of multiple cultures effectively present in a society and instead promotes dialogue and interaction among cultures. Interculturalism has arisen in response to criticisms of existing policies of multiculturalism, such as criticisms that such existing multicultural policies had failed to create inclusion of different cultures within a society, but instead have divided society by legitimizing segregated separate communities that have isolated themselves and accentuated their specificity. It is based on the recognition of both differences and similarities among cultures. It has addressed the risk of the creation of absolute relativism in postmodernity and multiculturalism. Philosopher Martha Nussbaum in her work Cultivating Humanity describes interculturalism as involving "the recognition of common human needs across cultures and of dissonance and critical dialogue within cultures" and that interculturalists "reject the claim of identity politics that only members of a particular group can understand the perceptive of that group.
Trust and Sharing Platforms
Authors: Nikishina Elena
Published: November 2020

The digital economy and sharing platforms generate new types of mechanisms, ensuring credible commitments. Transparency and bilateral rating systems for both consumers and producers constrain opportunistic behavior, thus creating trust. The main hypothesis is that sharing companies and platforms act as a substitute for institutional trust. Country- level data analysis shows that there is a negative correlation between the sharing economy index and institutional trust and a positive correlation between the sharing economy index and institutional quality. The findings support the idea that as sharing companies can compensate for the lack of institutional trust and stimulate economic transactions, they are especially useful in the countries with a low level of trust.
Approaches to Justifying the Size of the Official Wages of Medical Workers
Authors: Obukhova Olga , Bazarova Irina , Gavrilenko Olga
Published: November 2020

One of the main factors in the formation of motivation to improve the quality and performance of employees of health care providers is a qualitatively and logically built wage system in a medical organization. The basis for calculating an employee’s salary is the amount of the salary, on the basis of which its other elements are established - compensation and incentive payments, other charges. This article is devoted to the study of regulatory issues related to the determination of the salary of employees of medical organizations. Object of study. The system of remuneration of employees of medical organizations. Subject of study. The salary of employees of medical organizations. Purpose of the study. The article discusses the problems of the current system of remuneration in health care, as well as the image/svg+xml regulations governing the determination of the size of the official salary of employees of medical organizations. The main theoretical position of the article. The salary of medical workers has a high differentiation even between the subjects of one federal district. Federal legislation regarding the approaches to the wage system is advisory in nature. Therefore, the official salary of doctors of one qualification level, approved at the level of each subject of the Russian Federation, may differ by 5 times. It is substantiated that in order to reduce the differentiation in the size of salaries for medical workers, it is necessary to establish the basic parameters that are uniform throughout the Russian Federation, including the sizes of official salaries of employees of medical organizations. It is advisable to use the value of the minimum wage, annually approved by the Government of the Russian Federation in an amount not lower than the living wage, as the minimum size of the official salary. Scope of the research results. The results can be used as the basis for the policy of improving the remuneration system for employees of federal medical organizations.
Сonsumers Attitude toward Video Advertising with Memes
Authors: Alexandrovskiy Sergey , Zinchak Elena , Kozyreva Darya , Sofonova Ekaterina
Published: November 2020

Companies use humor and memes in advertising to speak the same language with consumers and improve communication. The meme is like a good joke: everyone understands it. Drawing on the study of 448 Russian consumers, the authors reveal the degrees of influence of such factors as entertainment, informativeness and irritation on the value of video advertising with memes. All the three factors influence the advertising value, with informativeness of advertising being of highest influence. The set of factors and degrees of influence depend on consumer’s readiness to accept innovations. The innovators are influenced by two factors out of three - informativeness and entertainment, where the latter influences the innovators most. Irritation has no influence on advertising value altogether. Advertising designers and companies can use the findings to predict the changes in advertising value based on the changes in the factors of advertising perception.
I Russian-Iranian Sociological Forum. Conference Proceedings (Moscow, 16 – 18 November 2020) / Eds.-in-chief S.V. Ryazantsev, T.K. Rostovskaya, FCTAS RAS. – M.:, 2020. – 560 p.
Authors:   FEDERAL CENTER FOR THEORETICAL AND APPLIED SOCIOLOGY OF THE RAS, Ryazantsev Sergey , Rostovskaya Tamara ,   FEDERAL CENTER FOR THEORETICAL AND APPLIED SOCIOLOGY OF THE RAS
Published: November 2020

The collection contains conference papers of the participants of the I Russian-Iranian Sociological Forum, organized by the ISPR and IDR FCTAS RAS with the support from the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (16 – 18 November 2020, Moscow). The collection is addressed to sociologists, political scientists, economists, students, postgraduates, teachers, and everyone who is interested in the development of international cooperation between Russia and Iran in the field of social sciences.
A new species of Pseudosinella Schäffer, 1897 (Collembola, Entomobryidae) from Altamira Caves (Cantabria, Spain)
Authors: Baquero Enrique , Jordana Rafael , Labrada Lucía , Luque Carlos G.
Published: November 2020

This paper describes Pseudosinella altamirensissp. nov. from the Altamira Caves, municipal district of Santillana del Mar (Cantabria, Spain), and five other caves near the coast of Cantabria (northern Spain). Its taxonomic position is discussed and differences and similarities among morphologically and geographically close species are highlighted. The new species can be identified by its five eyes, the basal and small inner paired teeth on the claw, and the length of the uncrenulated part of the distal dens.
Subclinical hypernatraemia in a population of endurance racing sled dogs
Authors: Frye C.W. , Goggs R. , Childs R. , Poplarski J. , Hannon M.B. , Wakshlag J.J.
Published: November 2020

Electrolyte disturbances occur in both human and veterinary endurance athletes; however, hypernatraemia is poorly documented in dogs. To further explore electrolyte changes in canine endurance athletes, we collected blood from two teams of dogs (n=16) participating in the mid-distance (336 km) CanAm race. Serum samples were collected 36 hours before the start and within 20 minutes of race completion. Serum was similarly collected from 18 dogs withdrawn after completing 264 km. Biochemical profiles and aldosterone assays were performed. Mean serum sodium (>155 mEq/l) and corrected chloride concentrations were significantly increased (P<0.01) from baseline in finishing and withdrawn dogs; however, unlike sodium, corrected chloride concentrations remained within the reference interval. Serum phosphorous, hepatic enzymes, cholesterol, creatinine kinase, blood urea nitrogen, globulin, glucose, and iron concentrations were also significantly increased (P<0.01) compared to baseline in both finishing and withdrawn dogs. Both mean serum aldosterone and urea nitrogen concentrations were significantly increased (P<0.01) from baseline in finishing and withdrawn dogs, with finishers having greater concentrations than withdrawn dogs (P<0.01). Pre-race and matched finishing dog populations were then used for correlation analysis. Serum sodium concentrations were significantly (P<0.01) and strongly correlated with chloride (r=0.92), albumin (r=0.88), total protein (r=0.87), globulin (r=0.81), and potassium (r=0.86). Serum sodium concentrations were not significantly correlated with serum aldosterone concentrations (r=0.04,P=0.87). This study uniquely described subclinical hypernatraemia in the canine endurance athlete. The data lend support of dehydration through free water loss as a cause of hypernatraemia likely compounded by insufficient replenishment by drinking. Elevations in aldosterone concentrations in the face of hypernatraemia may be attributed to concurrent extra-renal hypotonic water losses, counter regulatory hormone influences, or physiological hyperthermia. Such findings demonstrate a degree of clinical tolerance for euvolemic driven hypernatraemia in endurance sled dogs, while highlighting the need for appropriate water supplementation.
Using Creativity, Diversity, and Iterative Ways of Working to Send the Virus to Lockdown
Authors: Walter Justine , Hofmann Alexander
Published: November 2020

The novel Covid-19 causing virus has caused major disruptions to individuals, societies, and economies worldwide. No single country has been left unaffected, and many societies have taken severe measures, including complete lockdowns of huge metropolitan areas, to limit the further spread of the virus. As a result, international trade and traveling have virtually come to a halt, enterprises struggle to survive, and both individuals and entire societies face an uncertain future. The Covid-19 pandemic thus represents a wild-card event that disrupts predictions of future developments and confronts researchers, policymakers, and decision-makers in organisations with a wicked problem. This chapter proposes that lateral collaboration, shorter iteration loops, and diversity will enable organisations to cope with future wild cards more effectively. Applying the same principles to research bears the potential to generate creative solutions to the wicked problem of pandemic disease control faster.
Visual Gists of Home Quarantines and Self-Quarantines From COVID-19 Through Social Imagery
Authors: Hai-Jew Shalin
Published: November 2020

Home/self-quarantines have never been applied in such broad territorial range (across the globe, in real time; in mega-cities) or with such large numbers of people as during the COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 outbreak (Nov. 2019 – present). As data started coming in about the viral outbreak, government leaders and public health officials instituted mass-scale quarantines: first, the quarantine of Wuhan, the megacity of 11 million at the epicenter of the outbreak, then the People's Republic of China, then a cruise ship, then cities in South Korea, then Japan, then Italy, and elsewhere. There have been rolling quarantines across particular regions as extended diagnostics capabilities came online. In this time, macro, meso, and micro-scale quarantines have been instituted and have mostly held. On social media, many under self-quarantine in their homes (“sheltering in place”) have shared messaging and social imagery about their experiences. This work studies social image sharing on social media platforms as a digital service in a time of global emergency four months into the outbreak.
COVID-19
Authors: Genty Kabiru Ishola , Jayeoba Foluso I. , Aremo Mike O. , Fapohunda Tinuke M. , Bankole Rafiu A.
Published: November 2020

The onset, spread, control measures, and the behaviour of society, government, and businesses have far reaching implications—social, economic, and legal—for the immediate and future of employment relations and human resource management in Nigerian organisations. This chapter, drawing from available COVID-19 literature, ILO, and WHO protocols, examined various concerns and challenges posed by ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and the regimes of measures which are modeled after developed economies of the world but are at best ad-hoc, panicky, ill-digested and their operations execution not based on empirical/objective assessment. COVID-19 has evidently brought job losses and unprecedented changes in work modes and some of the lessons and fallouts may live with us for a long time. Post-COVID-19 economic recovery though expected to be slow will leave the workplace and society with routines and rituals, lessons to learn and corrections to be made, not to avert future pandemics but to manage it in more precise manner with less panic and greater forthrightness.
‘Play Is Serious Learning'
Authors: Bressler Denise M. , Tutwiler Shane
Published: November 2020

In this chapter, the authors report on a mobile augmented reality game designed to support serious science learning in a playful, collaborative way. School Scene Investigators: The Case of the Mystery Power immersed eighth grade students in a fictional crime scene investigation at their school. Game-based learning was compared to business-as-usual. In the post-hoc analyses, the authors investigated how individual level factors affected learning. First, girls and boys both learned more during the game, yet boys seemed to experience a slightly bigger impact from the treatment. Second, students from both teachers learned more during gameplay; however, the game seemed to mitigate the novice teacher's inexperience resulting in a teacher effect. Lastly, there is some evidence that treatment varies by prior knowledge; students with lower prior knowledge may have benefited more from the game. This study demonstrates that the non-traditional practice of mobile augmented reality gaming promotes more effective learning than business-as-usual.
Towards Critical Citizenship Education in Kenya
Authors: Rotich Anne
Published: November 2020

Living in the 21 century has necessitated changes in pedagogical practices to fulfill the educational needs of learners. It is for this reason that earlier scholars such as Paulo Freire took issue with traditional education that promotes passivity in learners and pedagogical practices that are intended to fill or deposit knowledge rather than encourage critical thinking. This chapter, therefore, explores how Kenya's curriculum is moving towards critical citizenship education with the implementation of a new revised curriculum. Also discussed is how citizenship education looked like before the newly revised curriculum, and what changes have been established in the new curriculum geared towards citizenship education. Finally, this chapter provides suggestions and pedagogical strategies for teachers that have potential of contributing to successfully enacting critical citizenship education in Kenya.
Back to My Roots
Authors: O'Brien-Richardson Patricia
Published: November 2020

This chapter explores the use of hair, a common yet complex object, as an entry point to student-led practice. As students bring their personal, past, and present experiences into the classroom in a safe, supported space on a topic everyone can relate to, so they are able to engage in complex, opposing viewpoints. Students are supported by the educator who serves as a facilitator, and various outside guests from diverse backgrounds established in their careers via Zoom, a technological, virtual space who also share their experiences with hair in their career environment. In this setting, students are led by their own hair stories, collaboratively discuss and debate viewpoints, and are supported by professionals in their own workspaces. Combined, this multi-level layer of culturally based learning is both student-led, technologically supported, and provides opportunities to achieve both hard and soft skills, all through the lens of a single, unifying artifact, hair.
Academic Staff Using University Website Profile Page for Academic Digital Branding
Authors: Mogaji Emmanuel
Published: November 2020

The growing interest in the internet and other digital technologies transforming the practice of education has led to the emergence of novel uses of new media for engaging with stakeholders. This study explored the web profile academic staff in Nigerian universities to understand how academic staff are using the platform to position their academic brand in this digital age. The ALARA model of information search was adopted taking on a qualitative approach in understanding how information are presented and accessed on websites. The analysis revealed that academic staff are not taking ownership and responsibility for their pages, and they are making little effort to develop their academic brand in this digital age. This study contributes to knowledge of academic branding with implications for university administrators working on creating a platform for academics branding. This study also contributes to the literature on the general guidelines on usability evaluations of websites to improve staff profile webpages.
Emerging Technologies and Universities
Authors: Jacome Fausto E.
Published: November 2020

Emerging technologies such as machine learning, the cloud, the internet of things (IoT), social web, mobility, robotics, and blockchain, among others, are powering a technological revolution in such a way that are transforming all human activities. These new technologies have generated creative ways of offering goods and services. Today's consumers demand in addition to quality, innovation, a real-time and ubiquitous service. In this context, what is the challenge that academy faces? What is the effect of these new technologies on the universities mission? What are people's expectations about academy in this new era? This chapter tries to get answers to these questions and explain how these emerging technologies are converting universities to lead society transformation to the digital age. Under this new paradigm, there are only two roads: innovate or perish. As might be expected universities are embracing these technologies for innovating themselves.
Transformation Opportunities Toward Knowledge-Based Urban Development and Its Challenges
Authors: Galaby Aly Abdel Razek
Published: November 2020

The current research discusses opportunities and challenges of knowledge-based urban development in Egypt, aims to monitor the actual opportunities provided by Egyptian policies for knowledge-based urban development, and highlights their most important challenges. The research relied on the impact assessment methodology, the opinion of some experts, analyzing secondary data, literature review, and statistical reports to track the paths of changes in knowledge-based development policies and their applications during the third millennium to reveal the most important challenges and constraints facing the experiences of knowledge cities and its precincts in the Egyptian society. The research concluded some recommendations to confront these challenges and push forward toward strengthening knowledge-based urban development in Egypt, based on what came from critical review f literature, theoretical perspectives, and policies and experiences of many countries of the world in this field.
Urban Laws in Harmony or at Odds With Knowledge-Based Urban Policies
Authors: Eweida Arig M.
Published: November 2020

The UN Habitat New Urban Agenda deals with cities as an opportunity rather than a threat. Moreover, at the heart of every UN Habitat report you can find the call for knowledge and evidence-based policies as well as the call for reforming housing regulations and norms. However, an observer on Egypt's urban policies and regulations might find them at odds with each other. This chapter will start by briefly listing the major knowledge-based recommendations by UN Habitat, providing a brief history of Egypt's modern urban laws and policies accompanied by explanations of certain social factors. Finally, Egypt's current urban laws will be studied and evaluated in light of the above-mentioned recommendations.
Participatory Approach in Reusable Learning Object (RLO) Development Using ASPIRE Framework
Authors: Hassan Nurhanim , Sellappans Renukha , Yong Voon Chen Phelim , Yap Wei Hsum , Ayub Enna , Konstantinidis Stathis Th. , Poussa Cherry , Wharrad Heather J. , Taylor Michael G.
Published: November 2020

A reusable learning object (RLO) is a type of e-learning resource developed that can be reused again in a variety of different e-learning activities, modules, and courses. Each has its own learning objective, but they can still be combined to form a comprehensive e-learning experience. This chapter investigates the design and development process of developing reusable learning objects (RLO) to digitize healthcare curricular in Malaysia, a project co-funded by the Erasmus+ Programme of the European Union with partner universities from UK, Europe, and Malaysia. This participatory approach is based on the ASPIRE framework developed by one of the project partners (University of Nottingham). Using the ASPIRE process, stakeholders such as the subject matter experts (SME) and students are involved at the onset of the development process: storyboarding workshop and specification ideation. The completed RLOs are used in the module as part of the student's learning delivery.
Exploring the Relationship Between Learners' Uncertainty Level and Learning Performance in an Authentic Problem-Based Learning Environment
Authors: Loh Kah Heng , Lim You Ping
Published: November 2020

Many educators believe that learners' learning experience can be enhanced by infusing uncertainty into their learning process. The authentic problem-based learning (APBL) model allows uncertainty to be incorporated into ill-structured problem to motivate learners' learning process. This study looks into the relationship between learners' uncertainty level and learning performance in APBL model which involve participation of 78 engineering students from Taylor's American Degree Program. A questionnaire consists of 30 items of uncertainty construct and 10 items of learning satisfaction is developed to measure learners' uncertainty level and satisfaction at the end of APBL. Learners' learning satisfaction, learning attitude, and learning score on APBL activities which form the learning performance is computed. The Cronbach's alphas for uncertainty construct and learning satisfaction are 0.89 and 0.92 respectively. The zero order Pearson's correlation analysis showed a strong negative correlation between uncertainty level and learning performance.
Board Diversity and Its Effects on the Functionality of Boards in South Africa
Authors: Ian Nzimakwe Thokozani
Published: November 2020

The structure and composition of the board are determined by the characteristics of an organisation, its environment, and its information needs. If the role of the board is to advise and supervise, this then talks to the relationships that account for its composition so that it may carry out these duties. Boards of directors are now faced with a change in the priority of the functions that must be undertaken by them, with supervision and monitoring being more important than the usual function of administration. The chapter discusses the literature on board diversity, corporate governance, role of the boards of public entities, effectiveness of boards, role of board committees, strategic leadership theory, and the impact of board diversity on board effectiveness. In terms of practical implications, the chapter makes a unique and significant contribution to the functionality of board members in South Africa. The analysis may encourage board nomination committees to seek board diversity beyond the gender and ethnic characteristics of directors.
Governance Practices and CEO Hubris
Authors: Ferretti Paola , Gonnella Cristina
Published: November 2020

This chapter analyzes the connection between CEO hubris and corporate governance contingencies, including a case study of an Italian bank for which the state of financial distress shall be linkable also to bad governance. The main objective is to verify whether, in presence of hubristic CEO, the internal control mechanisms, set to ensure the board vigilance and limit the overconfidence of the leader, are implemented, and if so, whether such mechanisms, even when formally respected, may be not so appropriate to guarantee a good governance. Particularly, the existence of a CEO hubris could neutralize their positive expected balancing effects on the power dynamics between CEO and board, such as to give prevalence to substance over form. Therefore, it may occur that some governance mechanisms (e.g., independence, non-duality), even if formally implemented, are unable to stem the managerial entrenchment of the CEO, who succeeds in enhancing immoderately his substantial power in the decision-making process.
Corporate Citizenship
Authors: Agrawal Reena
Published: November 2020

The last few decades have witnessed serious sustainability challenges such as economic uncertainty, depletion ozone layer, increase in pollution, urban decay, overpopulation, degradation, and shortage of natural resources, etc. The increasing pace of change and rising competition has posed unknown challenges and unparalleled pressure on the corporates not only to prosper, but also to sustain in future. With customers, investors, and other stakeholders becoming increasing aware and critical about sustainable practices, the companies are forced to think past short term monetary gains. As there exists an interdependence, integration, and co-creation among the three basic tenets of sustainability-people, planet, and profits. There is a global call on companies to pursue socially responsible conduct and adopt innovative practices which create value for people, planet, as well as economy.
BoD Structure and Corporate Governance Models
Authors: Ullah Mahboob
Published: November 2020

Corporate governance, the soul of every corporate body, is indispensable for the survival, growth, and development of any kind of organization. It has significant impact and influence in attaining the confidence of stakeholder. Good governance leads to instill the confidence of stakeholder. The significance of corporate governance has increased globally in past decades due to financial crises, technology advancement, liberalizations, emergence of financial markets, and liberalization of trade and capital mobilization. Corporate boards, academicians, legislators, and in all businesses, corporate governance are believed to be a mainstream concern in corporate structure.
Identifying Surface Mine Extent Across Central Appalachia Using Time Series Analysis, 1984-2015
Authors: Marston Michael Lee , Kolivras Korine N.
Published: November 2020

The Appalachians, and Central Appalachia in particular, have a long history of resource extraction including coal mining. In the past half century, the region experienced a shift from underground to surface mining, which leaves highly visible changes on the landscape. This study presents an analysis of changes in surface mining extents between 1984 and 2015 using remote sensing techniques, and tests the methods of previous research over a broader study area. The authors found that 3070 km2 (7.1%) of land within the central Appalachian coalfield was classified as mined land through the study period, and that the rate of newly mined land, as well as total mined land has decreased in recent years. The overall classification accuracy was 0.888 and the kappa coefficient was 0.880. Study results indicate that previously developed methods for identifying surface mines in a sub-region of Central Appalachia can successfully be applied over the broader region. The resulting surface mining datasets will be applied to a future study examining the potential human health impacts of surface mining.
Comparative Analysis and Detection of Brain Tumor Using Fusion Technique of T1 and T2 Weighted MR Images
Authors: Hagargi Padmanjali A.
Published: November 2020

Image fusion is a technique to fuse the two or more images. As the fused image gathers more information as comparative to the single image, image fusion of multiple images can be done to extract more number of information, with this reason the it is important in the field of medical image analysis. The fusion technique is so useful in detection of different kind of disease using different kind of medical images. Brain tumor disease is a large issue because of non-proper diagnosis and treatment is lacking accordingly. Using T1, T2 Weighted MR images are two medical MR images at different time constant during the scanning of brain tumor. These two or more images can be used to extract more information by the various image fusion technique.
Fake Review Detection Using Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Abhinandan V.  , Aishwarya C. A.  , Sultana Arshiya
Published: November 2020

Online reviews play a vital role in today's business and commerce. In the world of e-commerce, reviews are the best signs of success and failure. Businesses that have good reviews get a lot of free exposure on websites and pages that have good reviews show up at the top of the search results. Fake reviews are everywhere online. Online fake reviews are the reviews which are written by someone who has not actually used the product or the services. Because of the cut-throat competition, sellers are now willing to resort to unfair means to make their product stand out. This work introduces some supervised machine learning techniques to detect fake online reviews and also be able to block the malicious users who post such reviews.
Measuring the Constructs That Influence Student and Lecturer Acceptance of an E-Library in Accra Technical University, Ghana
Authors: Asabere Nana Yaw , Acakpovi Amevi , Agyiri Joseph , Awuku Michael Clifford , Sakyi Michael Aidoo , Teyewayo Dennis Amanor
Published: November 2020

Even though many universities across the world have incorporated internet-based educational and academic systems, the success of their implementation requires an extensive understanding of the end user acceptance process. Access to academic resources for teaching and learning using technology (electronic library) has become a popular approach within higher education institutions due to the continuous growth of internet innovations and technologies. This case study research, conducted at Accra Technical University uses the technology acceptance model (TAM) as a theoretical framework. The study investigates the effects of the system characteristics such as appropriate user interface (UI), software design, and relevance towards the perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness on intention to use the proposed e-library system. Two hundred (200) students and sixteen (16) lecturers participated in this quantitative study. Results show that improvement of the existing e-library system in ATU will enable students to utilize digital learning resources for effective teaching and learning, especially during the current global COVID-19 pandemic.
Design of a Functional H Filter for Linear Singular Systems With an Additional Unknown Input, Bounded Disturbance, and Variable Time Delay
Authors: Fatma Hamzaoui , Malek Khadhraoui , Hassani Messaoud
Published: November 2020

This paper deals with a new method for the design of a functional filter for linear singular systems with bounded disturbance and variable time delay in the state and the known input vectors. Moreover, a disturbance unknown inputs is considered. The main objective of such design is the estimation of functional state vector, and a part of the disturbance unknown inputs for fault detection. The proposed design is based on Lyapunov-Krasovskii stability theory and, in order to minimize the disturbance effect, the designed filter satisfies a H_∞ criterion. Numerical simulation is used to illustrate the proposed design and the results were successful.