bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Outcome of Neonates with Respiratory Distress in a Tertiary Center NICU of Bangladesh: A Prospective Study
Authors: Afroze Sharmin , Rahman Tareq , Mallik Trisha , Rima Sharmin Afroz , Pandita Aakash , Shahidullah Mohammod
Published: July 2024

Background Respiratory distress in neonatal period is of diverse etiology and require timely diagnosis and treatment for a good outcome. This study was aimed to determine the outcome of neonates having respiratory distress admitted in the NICU of a tertiary care hospital.
Methods This prospective study was conducted in the neonatal intensive care unit of Dr. M R Khan Shishu Hospital & ICH, from July 2021 to June 2022. Neonates presented with signs of respiratory distress were enrolled in the study. History, examination and investigations were performed to find out various etiologies. Neonates were managed accordingly and were followed up to hospital stay. Primary outcome was measured in terms of discharge and death, and secondary outcomes were pattern of respiratory supports required. Data was analyzed using SPSS 20.
Results Among 1225 admitted newborns, 720 (59%) had respiratory distress. Mean gestational age was 37.54 ± 2.1 weeks and mean birth weight was 2692.96 ± 651 g. Common causes of respiratory distress were sepsis (35.4%) and perinatal asphyxia (27%) followed by transient tachypnea of newborn (11.4%). Most of the babies required only nasal oxygen support (72%) and 15% were treated with CPAP and 8% got mechanical ventilator. Mortality rate was 2.5% and congenital pneumonia was significantly associated with neonatal death (p=0.02).
Conclusion The common causes for respiratory distress were sepsis, asphyxia, TTNB, RDS, MAS and congenital pneumonia. Congenital pneumonia was significantly associated with mortality.  
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 23 No. 03 July’24 Page : 812-817
Unveiling the rarity: A case of crystallizing galactocele in a young female
Authors: Jyoti Divya , Osama Md Ali , Saini Gunjan
Published: July 2024

Abstract not available
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 23 No. 03 July’24 Page : 885-887
Brochoscopic cryoablation of a large endobronchial chondroid hematoma presented as right middle lobe collapse in a 63 years old male patient
Authors: Rashid Md Mamunur , Javed Mohammed Aqib , Rahman S M Lutfor , Rahman Shah Muhammad Saifur , Asikullah Md , Afroz Shahrin
Published: July 2024

Chondroid hamartoma is the most common benign tumor of lung, which account 8% of pulmonary neoplasm. Most often they are seen peripherally in the lung parenchyma. But very rarely it can originate endo-bronchially and present as collapse of lung or lobe. To be precise less than 10% cases was reported to be found. Here we mention a case of endo-bronchial chondroid hamartoma in a 63 years old gentleman presented as right middle lobe collapse and was diagnosed after repeated attempts of bronchoscopic biopsy or trans-thoracic fine needle aspiration. The tumor was removed by bronchoscopic cryo-debulking of the mass almost completely instead of thoracotomy resection or APC laser ablation.
J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2024; 42: 292-296
Performances Of Tropical Holstein Friesian (Bos Taurus) X Thrabam (Bos Indicus) F1 Daughters Managed Under Bhutanese Farming Environment
Authors: Tamang NB , Rai DB , Koirala AN , Bhujel AK
Published: July 2024

Local Thrabam cattle were inseminated with semen of four sire-lines of Tropical Holstein Friesian (THF) at selected sites of three agro-ecological zones of Bhutan. To understand their performances, progeny born from each sire-line were recorded and milk yield of F1 daughters were measured. Management practices were observed through farm visits. Result indicated that insemination in natural heat produced significantly higher calves than in induced heat (p<0.005). Average daily milk yield of F1 daughters was 5.2±2.5 l/day. Some farmers mated F1 daughters at about one year of age, before animal reached the desired body weight. This disturbed growth of dam and few such dams faced calving difficulties. Cattle were managed through open grazing during the day (81%) and sheltered at night. Only 25% of farms provided supplementary feed to milking animals/calves. Minimal calf mortality (2.93%) with no reported adult mortality indicated the crossbreds adapt well to the local environment. The present study concluded that for more calf-crops, insemination in natural heat should be advocated and mating of F1 daughter at tender age needs to be discouraged. Under prevailingmanagement system, F1 daughters were performing optimally. However, with the increase in THF inheritance level, cattle management needs to be improved to maximize output.
SAARC J. Agric., 22(1): 235-242 (2024)
PENGGUNAAN K-MEANS METHOD DALAM KLASIFIKASI TINGKAT KESEJAHTERAAN PENDUDUK (STUDI KASUS: KANTOR KEPALA DESA PONDOK BUNGUR)
Authors: Anggraini Sylvia , Nasution Akmal , Sibuea Mustika Fitri Larasati
Published: July 2024

Kualitas hidup keluarga mencerminkan kesejahteraan masyarakat, yang diukur melalui berbagai aspek kehidupan seperti pendidikan, pekerjaan, penghasilan, kepemilikan, kondisi tempat tinggal, serta akses ke air bersih dan listrik. Untuk menentukan tingkat kesejahteraan di masyarakat, tiga kriteria dari semua variabel tersebut digunakan untuk membedakan apakah mereka berada pada cluster tinggi, menengah, atau rendah. Pondok Bungur, sebuah desa di Kabupaten Asahan dengan 10 dusun, kebanyakan penduduknya memiliki pendapatan rendah, tidak memiliki barang kebutuhan sekunder, menggunakan air bukan dari PDAM, dan memiliki akses daya listrik rendah. Karena belum ada klasifikasi yang jelas mengenai kesejahteraan, bantuan sosial sering kali tidak tepat sasaran. Sebagai solusi, teknik data mining dengan algoritma k-means diterapkan untuk mengklasifikasikan tingkat kesejahteraan di desa tersebut. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa 2 dusun berada pada tingkat kesejahteraan tinggi (20%), 3 dusun pada tingkat menengah (30%), dan 5 dusun pada tingkat rendah (50%). Dusun 2 dan 5 merupakan yang paling sejahtera, sementara Dusun 1, 4, dan 9 memiliki tingkat kesejahteraan menengah. Sisa 50% dusun yang masih berada pada tingkat rendah perlu diprioritaskan dalam pemberian bantuan.
Social media and political polarization as threats to democracy
Authors: Ferreira Marcel Chaves , Santos Thulio Teixeira dos
Published: July 2024

Technological resources inaugurated a standard economic order, called surveillance capitalism from the perspective of Shoshana Zuboof. Characterized by informational curation, the new model is the result of prediction that is made possible with the capture and use of personal data for commercial purposes. The new social enclosure caused by the formation of informational bubbles is, today, one of the phenomena of amplification of political polarization and, consequently, of the dissemination of hate speech. The radicalization of debates, the mismatch of different ideas and the manipulation of personal data for unknown purposes by internet users are necessary confrontation points for understanding the harmful interference of technology on modern democracy. So, the objective of this study is to understand whether informational curation is related to the increasing polarization and the spread of extremist discourses observed in recent years.
Monokarboksil Taşıyıcı Proteinler ve Egzersizdeki Rolü
Authors: Bayrak Ahmet , Patlar Suleyman , Bulut Levent Ziya
Published: July 2024

Laktik asit, iskelet kasları için başlıca enerji kaynağı (oksidatif fibrillerde) olmasının yanında glikoliz sürecinde oluşan son ürün olarak işlevde görür (glikolitik fibrillerde). Hücre içine ve dışına taşınımı için de özel bir taşınma mekanizmasına ihtiyaç vardır. İskelet kasının plazma (sarkolemmal) zarlarında iki laktat/proton yardımcı taşıyıcı izoformu (monokarboksilat taşıyıcılar, MCT1 ve MCT4) bulunur. Her iki izoform da hem kas pH'ında hem de laktat regülasyonunda yer alır. Buna göre sarkolemmal MCT izoform ekspresyonu, egzersiz performansında önemli bir rol oynayabilir. Akut egzersiz, egzersizin başlangıcından itibaren ilk 24 saat içinde insan MCT içeriğini değiştirir. Kronik egzersiz, deneklerin başlangıçtaki uygunluğundan bağımsız olarak MCT1 ve MCT4 içeriğini de etkiler. Kesitsel çalışmalara göre, yoğunluk MCT içeriğindeki egzersize bağlı değişiklikleri düzenleyen en önemli faktör gibi görünmektedir. MCT içeriğinin düzenlenmesi ile laktat taşıma aktivitesi arasındaki ayrışma, bir dizi çalışmada rapor edilmiştir. MCT içeriğindeki değişiklikler kontraktil aktiviteye yanıt olarak, laktat taşıma kapasitesindeki değişiklikler ise metabolik yollardaki değişikliklere yanıt olarak ortaya çıkar. Kas MCT ifadesi, fiziksel aktivite sırasında kas H(+) ve laktat(-) anyon değişiminde yer alır, ancak bunların tek belirleyicisi değildir. İskelet kası MCT1 ve MCT4 içeriğinin, laktat seviyesinin yükselmesine neden olan egzersiz, hipoksi, beslenme ve metabolik düzensizlikler gibi çeşitli uyaranlarla düzenlendiği bildirilmiştir. Bu derlemenin amacı, egzersizin MCT proteinleri üzerindeki etkileri ile MCT proteinleri sportif performans ilişkisinin yeni literatürler ışığında belirlenmesidir.
Complementary chromatic acclimation by shifts in phycobiliprotein spectral absorption in the cryptophyte Hemiselmis pacifica
Authors: Jin ID , Richardson TL
Published: July 2024

Cryptophytes are eukaryotic microalgae found in a variety of aquatic environments, from tea-colored ponds and lakes to the blue-water open ocean. To broaden the range of their spectral absorption beyond the limits of chlorophyll a, cryptophytes contain phycobiliprotein (PBP) accessory pigments. Hemiselmis pacifica contains the PBP cryptophyte-phycocyanin 577 (Cr-PC 577), which allows it to absorb green to orange wavelengths of light. Here, we characterized variability in PBP absorbance and growth rates of H. pacifica when this species was grown in nutrient-rich environments of differing spectral quality but equal light intensity. Two weeks after a shift from white to green light, H. pacifica altered the absorbance of its Cr-PC 577 to increase capture of green photons. Further, these complementary shifts were reversible when cultures were returned to the white-light environment, and the timescale of the reversal was faster than the original shift (~1 wk). Growth rates of H. pacifica in green light (0.25 d-1) were lower than in white-light controls (0.32 d-1), but not significantly different from cells grown in red light (0.27 d-1). The ability to adjust quickly to changes in light quality may confer an ecological advantage to cryptophytes when their environment is affected by processes such as eutrophication, deforestation/afforestation, or browning.
VALIDITAS TEORITIS DAN EMPIRIK INSTRUMEN TES NUMERASI
Authors: Udil Patrisius Afrisno , Jupri Al , Nurlaelah Elah
Published: July 2024

Salah satu tantangan terbesar dalam mengakselerasi peningkatan kemampuan numerasi siswa adalah bagaimana membiasakan siswa dengan masalah-masalah numerasi. Hal ini membutuhkan kemampuan guru untuk mengembangkan instrumen tes kemampuan numerasi (TKN) yang dapat dengan tepat memotret kemampuan numerasi siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyajikan proses pengembangan instrumen TKN dan mendiskusikan validitas teoritik dan empirik dari butir soal yang dikembangkan. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian pengembangan dengan tahapan pengembangan meliputi analisis pendahuluan, pengembangan desain awal instrumen dan validasi teoritik, uji coba lapangan dan validasi empirik, dan interpretasi dan revisi instrumen. Hasil penelitian menyajikan proses pengembangan instrumen secara detail berdasarkan setiap langkah pengembangan yang telah ditetapkan. Interpretasi dan pembahasan hasil uji validitas baik secara teoritis maupun empirik juga disajikan. Dalam hal ini, argumentasi atas butir-butir yang tidak valid terutama didiskusikan dan disajikan alternatif rekomendasi perbaikan butir instrumen.
PROSPECTS OF SOLAR ENERGY: THE ROLE OF MODERN SOLAR TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OF HYDROGEN
Authors: RAKHIMOV R.KH. ,   Institute of Materials Science of the SPA “Physics-Sun” of the Academy of Science of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan, YERMAKOV V.P. ,   Institute of Renewable Energy Sources
Published: July 2024

This article explores the prospects of using solar energy for hydrogen production as an alternative energy source. The author discusses the limitations of hydrogen energy, including the economic inefficiency of hydrogen production. The main objective of the study is to increase profitability and address the environmental and energy issues associated with hydrogen production. The use of modern heliotechnologies and heliomaterials is proposed to optimize the hydrogen production process. The article also examines technological problems related to hydrogen combustion in the presence of nitrogen and emphasizes the need for further research to create environmentally safe and economically efficient hydrogen energy. The issue of hydrogen’s environmental cleanliness is discussed, and the necessity of using environmentally clean and conditionally clean energy sources for hydrogen production is noted. In conclusion, the article emphasizes that hydrogen has the potential to become a clean energy source through the development of heliomaterials science, which requires further research and technological improvements for its commercialization.
TüRKIYE'S POSITION IN THE SYRIAN CONFLICT AND THE ROLE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors: ISMAYILOVA ELMIRA ,   Azerbaijan Technical University, Baku, Azerbaijan
Published: July 2024

This article aims to explore the dynamics of the relationship between Türkiye and Russia concerning the Syrian conflict, identifying areas of convergence and divergence in their interests. Given the persistent security concerns posed by the Syrian conflict, the study employs various methodologies including historical, sociological, institutional, and comparative analysis. It delves into the regional processes, each country’s stance, and their interactions in resolving the Syrian crisis. The article identifies sources of internal instability and assesses potential challenges both nations might confront in case of further escalation. Special emphasis is placed on examining the obstacles and prospects for enhancing Russian-Turkish relations in this context. The analysis reveals that despite the dismantling of the «Islamic State’s» «caliphate» in Syria, external actors remain invested in controlling occupied territories to influence conflict resolution. Geopolitical competition and regional politics emerge as key factors shaping relations between two states in the Syrian context. Nonetheless, both parties exhibit a preference for dialogue over conflict escalation in addressing emerging issues.
RUSSIAN REVOLUTIONARIES AND RUSSIAN OLD BELIEVERS: FROM SYMPATHY TO REPRESSION. PART 2. OLD BELIEVERS, NARODNIKS AND MARXISTS
Authors: KEROV VALERIY V. ,   Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this work is to clarify the reality or mythology of the position about the active participation of Old Believers in the anti-government movement in the second half of the 19th - early 20th centuries. An analysis of sources showed that the Old Believers never took an anti-state position, showing only their loyalty to state power. During the period under review they rejected the revolutionaries' claims to cooperation. Only during the Civil War did the Old Believers side with one of the warring parties, which, in the absence of a single supreme power, cannot be assessed as anti-state activity. Soon after the Bolshevik victory, the Old Believers took an unambiguously favorable position towards the Soviet regime, despite the previous brutal repressions. At the same time, the Russian revolutionary intelligentsia during the second half of the 19th century retained illusions regarding the Old Believers and unsuccessfully tried to attract them to the fight against the samoderzhaviye. The democratic revolutionaries of the 60s turned to the clergy of the Old Believers, and the populist revolutionaries of the 70s also tried to work with the broad Old Believer masses, primarily peasants, to no avail.
HUMAN RIGHTS PRINCIPLES IN THE CONSTITUTIONAL RESTRICTION OF INDIVIDUAL RIGHTS AND FREEDOMS IN RUSSIA
Authors: MARKHEIM MARINA V. ,   Belgorod State National Research University, Belgorod, Russian Federation, LUKYANOVA IRINA YU.
Published: July 2024

Taking into account the analysis of the provisions of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, the legal position of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation and doctrinal research, the article presents conclusions regarding the existence of human rights principles of constitutional restriction of individual rights and freedoms in the Russian state. In order to determine the list of such principles, the work carried out a comprehensive understanding of the institution of restriction of rights and freedoms. It was noted that such principles directly follow from the text of the Constitution and establish the boundaries of the competence of public authorities. The author’s list of principles of constitutional restriction of individual rights and freedoms was formed.
Implementasi Manajemen Kesiswaan Dalam Peningkatan Prestasi Siswa Di MTs Negeri 3 Jombang
Authors: Dewi Nurus Sho Imah  , Asep Kurniawan
Published: July 2024

Peran dari adanya pengaturan kesiswaan dalam meningkatkan prestasi siswa sangatlah penting, karena manajemen kesiswaan merupakan pengaturan kepada segala aktivitas yang dilakukan para siswa di madrasah. Dengan begitu, dampak dari adanya pengelolaan manajemen kesiswaan yang baik di suatu madrasah tentu akan memperoleh hasil yang baik juga, terutama dalam hal prestasi siswa.
Berdasarkan permasalahan di atas, penelitian ini mempunyai tiga tujuan. Tujuan penelitian adalah 1). Deskripsi Manajemen Kesiswaan di MTs Negeri 3 Jombang. 2). Deskripsi Prestasi Siswa di MTs Negeri 3 Jombang. 3). Deskripsi Implementasi Manajemen Kesiswaan dalam Peningkatan Prestasi Siswa di MTs Negeri 3 Jombang.Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode kualitatif dan pendekatan penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif. Data dikumpulkan dengan teknik wawancara, observasi lapangan dan catatan. Informan penelitian ini adalah kepala madrasah, ketua bidang kesiswaan, sekertaris bidang kesiswaan serta beberapa siswa yang berprestasi di MTs Negeri 3 Jombang ini. Adapun  data yang dikumpulkan selama observasi dan wawancara dianalisis menggunakan teknik triangulasi.
Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini bahwasannya: proses implementasi manajemen kesiswaan dalam peningkatan prestasi siswa di MTs Negeri 3 Jombang sudah berjalan sesuai dengan teori yang ada dimulai dari adanya perencanan yang dilakukan madrasah yakni adanya rapat kerja tahunan dan rapat kerja madrasah. Pengorganisasian dilaksanakan dengan adanya pembentukan tim khusus bagian manajemen kesiswaan tersendiri yang juga terdapat ketua penanggung jawab yang biasa disebut dengan waka bidang kesiswaan yang juga menaungi segala aspek terkait pengelolaan manajemen siswa di madrasah.
Transaksi Jual Beli Pulsa Menggunakan Aplikasi Online My XL Perspektif Hukum Bisnis Islam
Authors: Nur Azizah Putri , Fitria Norma
Published: July 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat transaksi jual beli pulsa menggunakan aplikasi My XL online melalui kacamata hukum bisnis Islam. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan konseptual. Metode yang diambil disini adalah yuridis normatif. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan meliputi observasi dan pengumpulan data kepustakaan. Data yang diperoleh kemudian dianalisis dengan menggunakan metodologi induktif dan deskriptif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, : 1) Praktek Transaksi Jual Beli Pulsa Dengan Aplikasi MY XL Online. 2) Hukum Bisnis Islam Tentang Transaksi Jual Beli Pulsa  Dengan Aplikasi Online My XL, Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa praktik jual beli pulsa menggunakan aplikasi online My XL  memudahkan dalam pembelian pulsa, jika terjadi keterlambatan pulsa maka dapat menghubungi customer service. Menurut Hukum Bisnis Islam bahwa jual beli pulsa menggunakan aplikasi online My XL dinyatakan sah dan diperbolehkan, karena terpenuhinya rukun dan syarat jual beli serta tidak bertentangan dengan Hukum Bisnis Islam.
Taha's 2nd Solution of Collatz Sequence
Authors: Muhammad Taha
Published: July 2024

Abstract of Taha's 2nd Solution of Collatz Sequence let Collatz Sequence of (r)=S(r) let Collatz Sequence loop of (r)=lS(r) S(n)={(n/2)=k≤n-1,…,(h) or…},n∈N_even,k,h∈N_+⋯Fact 1 S(n)={(n/2)or (3n+1),…}⇒S(n)⊇S((n/2) or (3n+1) ),n∈N_+⋯Fact 2 ⇒ lS(n)= lS((n/2) or (3n+1) )…Fact 3 Example: S(5)={16,8,4,2,1}⇒ ∴S(5)⊇S(16)⊇S(8)⊇S(4)⊇S(2)⊇ S(1)…Fact 1⇒ lS(5)=lS(16)=lS(8)=lS(4)=lS(2)=lS(1)…Fact 2
The Euler Product is not equal to the Riemann Zeta Function
Authors: Annamalai Chinnaraji
Published: July 2024

The Euler product is equal to the Riemann zeta function: it was proved by the earlier mathematician. The author of this article shows that the Euler product is not equal to the Riemann zeta function.
Class Identity Signaling through the Strategic Rebranding of Traditional Egyptian Food-Related Terms on Digital Platforms
Authors: Altohami Waheed , Omar Abdulfattah
Published: July 2024

This study investigates the way re-branding traditional Egyptian food-related terms is strategically used by an emerging socio-economic class to assert their class identity in digital milieus. Specifically, it analyzes the strategies employed for the Englishization and hybridization of culinary culture and examines the underlying socio-cultural motivations and dynamics driving such an innovative linguistic practice. Drawing on insights from sociolinguistics and sociology, we analyzed two data sets collected by means of an online survey and semi-structured interviews. Findings revealed that there is an emerging exclusive socio-economic class that manifests itself through specific lexical preferences based on diverse types of lexical borrowings. Additionally, the Englishization of traditional Egyptian food-related terms partially drove the emerging class’s rejection of social equality and solidarity with collective socio-cultural Egyptian identity. Such a class division, primarily initiated on digital platforms, was found to be motivated by complex factors at play, including age, gender, educational level, lifestyle, technology usage, etc. The findings of this study have implications for understanding the intersection of language, class identity, and technology in contemporary Egyptian society.
O TURISMO PEDAGÓGICO COMO FERRAMENTA PARA A EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL NA GEOGRAFIA ESCOLAR: UM ROTEIRO PARA O MUNICÍPIO DE CAMBARÁ-PR
Authors: Justo Matheus Garcia , Oliveira Jully Gabriela Retzlaf de
Published: July 2024

O presente trabalho tem como enfoque principal a relação entre a Geografia e a Educação Ambiental, mostrando como elas são de suma importância para o processo de ensino-aprendizagem dos educandos, e completando-se, o trabalho traz uma proposta de Turismo Pedagógico que pode ser realizada pelos professores de Geografia da Educação Básica no Eco Resort Scandolo Riguetti em Cambará – PR. Objetivou–se com este trabalho discutir sobre a Educação Ambiental e o Turismo Pedagógico no Ensino de Geografia, e em específico apresentar um roteiro de turismo pedagógico para o município de Cambará-PR. Metodologicamente, o trabalho se desenvolveu através de etapas como 1) levantamento bibliográfico; 2) Trabalho de Campo no Eco Resort Scandolo Riguetti no segundo semestre de 2020 e 3) elaboração de um roteiro de turismo pedagógico para o município citado. Com isso, foi proposto um roteiro pedagógico, onde os discentes passam por trilhas em meio a mata, visitam hortas e aprendem sobre o processo de compostagem e o minhocário.
DIAGNOSTICO DOS IMPÁCTOS AMBIENTAIS NA SUBBACIA DO RIACHO BAIXÃO, MUNICÍPIO DE SÃO GABRIEL-BAHIA
Authors: Batista de Abreu Fagne
Published: July 2024

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo, diagnosticar a relação que se estabelece entre o uso do solo e a degradação ambiental na área da Subbacia do Riacho Baixão de Gabriel. Para tanto, utilizou-se como unidade espacial de analise a Subbacia hidrográfica possibilitando avaliar de forma integrada as ações humanas sobre o ambiente e seus desdobramentos sobre o equilíbrio hidrológico. A metodologia se deu a partir de estudo de campo, onde percorreu-se o leito do Riacho observando a paisagem in loco. Utilizou-se de planilha para anotaçoes e máquina fotográfica. A pesquisa evidencia a degradação ambiental do Riacho Baixão: desmatamento das margens para uso agrícola, compactação do solo, erosão acelerada e assoreamento do canal de drenagem. Evidenciou também o aumento das inundaçoes na área urbana, possivelmente em consequencia do assoramento do canal de drenagem do Riacho.
Comparison of ground reaction forces as running speed increases between male and female runners
Authors: Jiang Xinyan , Bíró István , Sárosi József , Fang Yufei , Gu Yaodong
Published: July 2024

Introduction: The biomechanics associated with human running are affected by gender and speed. Knowledge regarding ground reaction force (GRF) at various running speeds is pivotal for the prevention of injuries related to running. This study aimed to investigate the gait pattern differences between males and females while running at different speeds, and to verify the relationship between GRFs and running speed among both males and females.

Methods: GRF data were collected from forty-eight participants (thirty male runners and eighteen female runners) while running on an overground runway at seven discrete speeds: 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 and 16 km/h.

Results: The ANOVA results showed that running speed had a significant effect (p < 0.05) on GRFs, propulsive and vertical forces increased with increasing speed. An independent t-test also showed significant differences (p < 0.05) in vertical and anterior-posterior GRFs at all running speeds, specifically, female runners demonstrated higher propulsive and vertical forces than males during the late stance phase of running. Pearson correlation and stepwise multiple linear regression showed significant correlations between running speed and the GRF variables.

Discussion: These findings suggest that female runners require more effort to keep the same speed as male runners. This study may provide valuable insights into the underlying biomechanical factors of the movement patterns at GRFs during running.
Differential protein repertoires related to sperm function identified in extracellular vesicles (EVs) in seminal plasma of distinct fertility buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) bulls
Authors: Badrhan Shiva , Karanwal Seema , Pal Ankit , Chera Jatinder Singh , Chauhan Vitika , Patel Aditya , Bhakat Mukesh , Datta Tirtha K. , Kumar Rakesh
Published: July 2024

Buffalo bulls are backbone of Indian dairy industry, and the quality of semen donating bulls determine the overall production efficiency of dairy farms. Seminal plasma harbor millions of lipid bilayer nanovesicles known as extracellular vesicles (EVs). These EVs carry a heterogenous cargo of essential biomolecules including fertility-associated proteins which contribute to fertilizing potential of spermatozoa. In this study, we explored size, concentration, and complete proteome profiles of SP EVs from two distinct fertility groups to uncover proteins influencing bull fertility. Through Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) it was found that purified EVs were present in 7–14 size exclusion chromatographic (SEC) fractions with sizes ranging from 146.5 to 258.7 nm in high fertile (HF) and low fertile (LF) bulls. Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis (NTA) confirmed the size of seminal EVs up to 200 nm, and concentrations varying from 2.84 to 6.82 × 1011 and 3.57 to 7.74 × 1011 particles per ml in HF and LF bulls, respectively. No significant difference was observed in size and concentration of seminal EVs between two groups. We identified a total of 1,862 and 1,807 proteins in seminal EVs of HF and LF bulls, respectively using high throughput LC-MS/MS approach. Out of these total proteins, 1,754 proteins were common in both groups and about 87 proteins were highly abundant in HF group while 1,292 were less abundant as compared to LF bulls. Gene ontology (GO) analysis, revealed that highly abundant proteins in HF group were mainly part of the nucleus and involved in nucleosome assembly along with DNA binding. Additionally, highly abundant proteins in EVs of HF group were found to be involved in spermatogenesis, motility, acrosome reaction, capacitation, gamete fusion, and cryotolerance. Two highly abundant proteins, protein disulfide-isomerase A4 and gelsolin, are associated with sperm-oocyte fusion and acrosome reaction, respectively, and their immunolocalization on spermatozoa may indicate that these proteins are transferred through EVs. Our evidences support that proteins in EVs and subsequently their presence on sperm, are strongly associated with sperm functions. Altogether, our investigation indicates that SPEVs possess crucial protein repertoires that are essential for enhancing sperm fertilizing capacity.
ROS1 kinase inhibition reimagined: identifying repurposed drug via virtual screening and molecular dynamics simulations for cancer therapeutics
Authors: Alrouji Mohammed , Yasmin Sabina , Alhumaydhi Fahad A , Sharaf Sharaf E. , Shahwan Moyad , Shamsi Anas
Published: July 2024

Precision medicine has revolutionized modern cancer therapeutic management by targeting specific molecular aberrations responsible for the onset and progression of tumorigenesis. ROS proto-oncogene 1 (ROS1) is a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) that can induce tumorigenesis through various signaling pathways, such as cell proliferation, survival, migration, and metastasis. It has emerged as a promising therapeutic target in various cancer types. However, there is very limited availability of specific ROS1 inhibitors for therapeutic purposes. Exploring repurposed drugs for rapid and effective treatment is a useful approach. In this study, we utilized an integrated approach of virtual screening and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of repurposing existing drugs for ROS1 kinase inhibition. Using a curated library of 3648 FDA-approved drugs, virtual screening identified drugs capable of binding to ROS1 kinase domain. The results unveil two hits, Midostaurin and Alectinib with favorable binding profiles and stable interactions with the active site residues of ROS1. These hits were subjected to stability assessment through all-atom MD simulations for 200 ns. MD results showed that Midostaurin and Alectinib were stable with ROS1. Taken together, the study showed a rational framework for the selection of repurposed Midostaurin and Alectinib with ROS1 inhibitory potential for therapeutic management after further validation.
The value of metagenomic next-generation sequencing with different nucleic acid extracting methods of cell-free DNA or whole-cell DNA in the diagnosis of non-neutropenic pulmonary aspergillosis
Authors: Cai Xiaomin , Sun Chao , Zhong Huanhuan , Cai Yuchen , Cao Min , Wang Li , Sun Wenkui , Tao Yujian , Ma Guoer , Huang Baoju , Yan Shengmei , Zhong Jinjin , Wang Jiamei , Lu Yajie , Guan Yuanlin , Song Mengyue , Wang Yujie , Li Yuanyuan , Su Xin
Published: July 2024

Purpose

Metagenomic next-generation sequencing(mNGS) is a novel molecular diagnostic technique. For nucleic acid extraction methods, both whole-cell DNA (wcDNA) and cell-free DNA (cfDNA) are widely applied with the sample of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). We aim to evaluate the clinical value of mNGS with cfDNA and mNGS with wcDNA for the detection of BALF pathogens in non-neutropenic pulmonary aspergillosis.

Methods

mNGS with BALF-cfDNA, BALF-wcDNA and conventional microbiological tests (CMTs) were performed in suspected non-neutropenic pulmonary aspergillosis. The diagnostic value of different assays for pulmonary aspergillosis was compared.

Results

BALF-mNGS (cfDNA, wcDNA) outperformed CMTs in terms of microorganisms detection. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis indicated BALF-mNGS (cfDNA, wcDNA) was superior to culture and BALF-GM. Combination diagnosis of either positive for BALF-mNGS (cfDNA, wcDNA) or CMTs is more sensitive than CMTs alone in the diagnosis of pulmonary aspergillosis (BALF-cfDNA+CMTs/BALF-wcDNA+CMTs vs. CMTs: ROC analysis: 0.813 vs.0.66, P=0.0142/0.796 vs.0.66, P=0.0244; Sensitivity: 89.47% vs. 47.37%, P=0.008/84.21% vs. 47.37%, P=0.016). BALF-cfDNA showed a significantly greater reads per million (RPM) than BALF-wcDNA. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) for RPM of Aspergillus detected by BALF-cfDNA, used to predict “True positive” pulmonary aspergillosis patients, was 0.779, with a cut-off value greater than 4.5.

Conclusion

We propose that the incorporation of BALF-mNGS (cfDNA, wcDNA) with CMTs improves diagnostic precision in the identification of non-neutropenic pulmonary aspergillosis when compared to CMTs alone. BALF-cfDNA outperforms BALF-wcDNA in clinical value.
Use of the word “evolution” in the time of a global pandemic
Authors: Boyd Sada M. , Freimuth Sara , Xue Carolyn , Lyons Brandon , Nagori Sana , Yu Michael , Lozano-Huntelman Natalie , Diamant Eleanor S. , Yeh Pamela J.
Published: July 2024

Introduction

The media can play a vital role in determining to what extent the general public understands scientific concepts. The understanding and acceptance of evolution are often influenced by factors beyond scientific knowledge alone, including education, politics, and media consumption habits. Although discussion of the COVID-19 pandemic and evolution had fixed itself in public discourse on many fronts, the media often avoided the usage of the word “evolve” and showed a preference for alternatives such as “emerge” or “mutate.”

Methods

We conducted a systematic analysis to gauge the prominence of the concept of evolution in media discussions across seven English-speaking countries. This involved assessing the frequency of the term “evolve” concerning viral evolution within newspaper articles using electronic databases. Of the 4,951 newspaper articles examined in this study, 11% discussed viral evolution. Out of those articles, 12% explicitly used the word “evolve.”

Results

We found that countries did not significantly differ in their “evolve” usage, which may reflect similarities in views about COVID-19 and its evolution across countries or reliance on shared information sources when reporting on COVID-19. We also found that, as the pandemic progressed, the discussion on viral evolution as a topic had increased, but the frequency with which the word “evolve” was explicitly used had decreased.

Discussion

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a substantial impact on science and health news reporting. Although evolution plays a crucial role in the progression of the COVID-19 pandemic, the term “evolve” is not frequently highlighted in COVID-19 news coverage. Our research underscores the significant implications of language choice when describing evolutionary events, particularly in shaping the public’s understanding of evolution, both in general and in the context of pandemics and infectious diseases.
Cardiac (tele)rehabilitation in routine clinical practice for patients with coronary artery disease: protocol of the REHAB + trial
Authors: van Mierlo Rutger F. R. , Houben Vitalis J. G. , Rikken Sem A. O. F. , Gómez-Doblas Juan Jose , Lozano-Torres Jordi , van ’t Hof Arnoud W. J.
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Cardiac rehabilitation programs face the challenge of suboptimal participation, despite being a level Ia recommendation. Cardiac telerehabilitation, with its potential to engage patients who might otherwise not show interest, necessitates the adaption of existing center-based cardiac rehabilitation programs to facilitate rehabilitation at home. REHAB + is a mobile cardiac telerehabilitation program cocreated with patients and rehabilitation centers, aiming to future-proof cardiac rehabilitation and improve accessibility. The REHAB + application enables users to remotely communicate with their coach, receive on-demand feedback on health goal progression, and reduces the need for frequent in-person meetings at the cardiac rehabilitation center. The REHAB + study seeks to compare patient-related outcomes and characteristics of patients between those offered the option to participate in cardiac telerehabilitation and those attending center-based cardiac rehabilitation over a twelve-month period.

Methods

The REHAB + study is a multicenter, prospective, matched controlled, observational study that includes (N)STEMI patients eligible for cardiac rehabilitation. We aim to enroll 300 participants for cardiac telerehabilitation and 600 for center-based cardiac rehabilitation. Participants opting for cardiac telerehabilitation (REHAB+) will be matched with center-based cardiac rehabilitation participants. Additionally, characteristics of patients unwilling to participate in either center-based rehabilitation or telerehabilitation but are willing to share their demographics will be collected. The primary endpoint is quality of life measured with the SF-36 questionnaire at three and twelve months, with patient-related characteristics driving intervention choice as the most important secondary endpoint. Secondary endpoints include physical activity, modifiable risk factors, and digital health experience. The trial is registered at clinicaltrials.gov with registration number NCT05207072.

Discussion

The REHAB + trial is unique by offering patients freedom to choose between cardiac telerehabilitation and center-based rehabilitation. The integration of digital components into cardiac rehabilitation has the potential to complement behavioral change strategies for specific patient groups. Offering patients the option of cardiac telerehabilitation next to center-based rehabilitation could enhance overall cardiac rehabilitation participation rates.
Impact of mustard biodiesel and clove oil additives on particulate matter emission and carbon deposition in diesel engines
Authors: Bhangwar Sajjad , Luhur Muhammad Ramzan , Walasai Gordhan Das , Alghamdi Thamer A. H.
Published: July 2024

Recent studies suggest that the world is facing an energy crisis due to the depletion of fossil fuel reserves. To combat this issue, researchers have turned to biodiesel, a renewable bioenergy source made from vegetable oils, microalgae, and animal fats. A recent study analysed engine parts’ particulate matter emissions and carbon deposition during the long-term use of mustard biodiesel and clove oil as antioxidants in a compression ignition engine. Three samples of fuels: DF (diesel fuel), B30 (30% mustard biodiesel and 70% DF), and biodiesel blended fuel with 3000 PPM in a single-cylinder CI engine. The use of 30% biodiesel in diesel fuel (B30) for the endurance test was based on a good mix. The engine was run for 100 h to investigate the particulate matter emissions and carbon deposition. The particulate matter emission data was collected every 25 h, and for carbon deposition, the engine’s fuel injector was turned off after 100 h of engine running. The results showed a reduction in particulate matter emissions of about 9.97%, 13.367%, 7.24%, 14.64%, 5.3%, 12.32%, 1.88%, and 7.99% for PM1, PM2.5, PM7, and PM10 in biodiesel blended fuel and biodiesel blended fuel with clove oil, respectively. The deposition of clove oil added to biodiesel blended fuel in the fuel injector has been reduced compared with the other fuels. Carbon deposition of the fuel injector was analysed through SEM and EDX tests, and the results showed that the carbon content in biodiesel blended fuel was lower than in diesel fuel. The deposition of clove oil added to biodiesel blended fuel in the fuel injector has been reduced compared with biodiesel blended fuel.
Analgesic efficacy of erector spinae plane block versus transversus abdominis plane block for laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trial
Authors: Zewdu Dereje , Tantu Temesgen , Eanga Shamil , Tilahun Tamiru
Published: July 2024

Background

Although laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is a minimally invasive surgery, it can cause moderate to severe postoperative pain. Erector spinae plane (ESP) and transversus abdominis plane (TAP) blocks are considered effective means for pain management in such cases; however, there is inconclusive evidence regarding their analgesic efficacy. This meta-analysis aimed to compare the efficacy of ESP block and TAP block for pain control in LC.

Methods

We systematically searched Medline, PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Google Scholar until 26 January 2024. All randomized clinical trials compared the efficacy of erector spinae plane block (ESPB) and transversus abdominis plane block (TAPB) for postoperative pain relief after LC. The primary outcomes were pain scores at rest and on movement at 1, 2, 6, 12, and 24 h postoperatively. The secondary outcomes were total opioid consumption, first analgesia request time, and rates of postoperative nausea and vomiting. We analyzed all the data using RevMan 5.4.

Results

A total of 8 RCTs, involving 542 patients (271 in the ESPB group and 271 in the TAPB group), were included in the analysis. The ESP block demonstrated statistically significant lower pain scores at rest and on movement than the TAP block at all-time points except at the 1st and 6th h on movement postoperatively; however, these differences were not considered clinically significant. Additionally, patients who received the ESP block required less morphine and had a longer time before requesting their first dose of analgesia. There were no significant differences in postoperative nausea and vomiting incidence between the two groups.

Conclusion

In patients undergoing LC, there is moderate evidence to suggest that the ESP block is effective in reducing pain severity, morphine equivalent consumption, and the time before the first analgesia request when compared to the TAP block during the early postoperative period.

Systematic review registration: PROSPERO CRD42024505635, https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42024505635.
Efficacy and visual outcomes of the foldable capsular buckle scleral buckling in rhegmatogenous retinal detachment
Authors: Jiang Guohua , Lin Yuan , Chen Yan , Wu Huping
Published: July 2024

Objective

To investigate the difference in the effectiveness and refraction of the foldable capsular buckle (FCB) in rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD).

Methods

Six patients with simple RRD were treated for FCB scleral buckling at Xiamen Eye Center of Xiamen University from October 2023 to February 2024. The parameters assessed included demographic data, clinical data such as preoperative ocular axis, corneal endothelial count, macular foveal thickness, operative time, preoperative and final follow-up intro ocular pressure (IOP), retinal attachment status, and postoperative complications. Refractive change before and after surgery, including sphere, cylinder degree, spherical equivalent, and absolute spherical equivalent difference were compared.

Results

All six patients with sound retinal reattachment after FCB scleral buckling, including two men and four women, mean age 41.33 ± 12.40 years old, duration before surgery onset to 7.17 ± 7.16 days, FCB mean operation time 36.67 ± 13.07 min, Preoperative IOP mean 13.35 ± 2.64 mmHg and mean 21.12 ± 8.09 mmHg of final follow-up IOP; there was no significant difference between preoperative IOP and follow-up IOP (p = 0.050). The preoperative sphere range was −6.25 to +2.50 D, and the cylinder range was −2.50 to +1.00 D; the absolute spherical equivalent difference before and after was 1.60 ± 1.69 degrees.

Conclusion

FCB can achieve retinal reattachment and restore visual function in cases of RRD. The shorter duration of external scleral buckle compression with FCB suggests that FCB scleral buckling holds greater promise in the clinical treatment of RRD caused by retinal tears.
Syndromic epidermolysis bullosa simplex subtype due to mutations in the KLHL24 gene: series of case reports in Russian families
Authors: Kotalevskaya Yulia Y. , Stepanov Vadim A.
Published: July 2024

Objective

Epidermolysis bullosa simplex (EBS) is a common, well-characterized type of epidermolysis bullosa. However, some rare syndromic EBS phenotypes are not well described. The accumulation of clinical descriptions of patients with syndromic subtypes of EBS is important for understanding the natural history of the disease and assessing genotype–phenotype correlations.

Case summary

We present a series of case reports of the syndromic subtype of EBS associated with mutations in the KLHL24 gene in seven patients from four unrelated families. The clinical features of this rare phenotype in children and adult patients are described in detail. In two families, we revealed pathogenic variant c.1A > G (p.Met1?) in the KLHL24 gene. The third family had c.3G > A (p.Met1?) mutation, and the fourth family had a novel de novo variant c.23del (p.Arg8AsnfsTer2).

Conclusion

The description of the clinical manifestations of the disease in two generations of EBS families with different genetic variants allows the assessment and prediction of the natural course and severity of the disease in these families, the risk of complications, and the planning of the amount of medical care necessary.
Toxic and essential metals: metabolic interactions with the gut microbiota and health implications
Authors: Zhu Qinheng , Chen Boyan , Zhang Fu , Zhang Baodan , Guo Yujie , Pang Mengtao , Huang Liang , Wang Tianjiao
Published: July 2024

Human exposure to heavy metals, which encompasses both essential and toxic varieties, is widespread. The intestine functions as a critical organ for absorption and metabolism of heavy metals. Gut microbiota plays a crucial role in heavy metal absorption, metabolism, and related processes. Toxic heavy metals (THMs), such as arsenic (As), mercury (Hg), lead (Pb), and cadmium (Cd), can cause damage to multiple organs even at low levels of exposure, and it is crucial to emphasize their potential high toxicity. Nevertheless, certain essential trace elements, including iron (Fe), copper (Cu), and manganese (Mn), play vital roles in the biochemical and physiological functions of organisms at low concentrations but can exert toxic effects on the gut microbiota at higher levels. Some potentially essential micronutrients, such as chromium (Cr), silicon (Si), and nickel (Ni), which were considered to be intermediate in terms of their essentiality and toxicity, had different effects on the gut microbiota and their metabolites. Bidirectional relationships between heavy metals and gut microbiota have been found. Heavy metal exposure disrupts gut microbiota and influences its metabolism and physiological functions, potentially contributing to metabolic and other disorders. Furthermore, gut microbiota influences the absorption and metabolism of heavy metals by serving as a physical barrier against heavy metal absorption and modulating the pH, oxidative balance, and concentrations of detoxification enzymes or proteins involved in heavy metal metabolism. The interactions between heavy metals and gut microbiota might be positive or negative according to different valence states, concentrations, and forms of the same heavy metal. This paper reviews the metabolic interactions of 10 common heavy metals with the gut microbiota and their health implications. This collated information could provide novel insights into the disruption of the intestinal microbiota caused by heavy metals as a potential contributing factor to human diseases.