bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
STATE AND PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF GROWING AND PROCESSING OF WALNUTS IN UKRAINE
Authors: Mazur Katerina , Gontaruk Yaroslav
Published: December 2021

Introduction. The current state of development of walnut production in Ukraine is unsatisfactory. This product is very promising for growing in all regions of Ukraine. In the context of land reform, the urgent issue is to find ways to use land resources more efficiently, and growing walnuts is one way to maximize the profits of farmers.
Methods. The following methods were used in the article during the work as: analysis and synthesis - in determining the system-forming factors of the development of walnut production; comparison - to determine the benefits of the proposed method of growing and selling walnuts; formalization - in the development of a systematic approach to the production and sale of nuts by farms.
Results. The volumes of production, yield and sales of walnuts in Ukraine are studied. Possible directions of use of products from nut kernel and production waste are determined. The need for the development of farms for the production and processing of walnuts is argued. A business plan for the restructuring of farms with a focus on deep processing of walnuts is proposed.
Discussion. Walnut production in Ukraine is currently concentrated in private farms, the relevant products cannot be standardized. Most of these products are sold as kernels and are exported. This type of activity is one of the most promising, especially in farms, with proper government support. The development of production with a focus on deep processing will make it possible to maximize the profits of agricultural producers and provide raw materials to the pharmaceutical industry for the production of activated carbon and carbon-containing high-tech products (processing of nut shells).
Implementation of the developed startup "Nut Craft" on the restructuring of farms in Ukraine will promote the development of farms. In the future, marketing strategies for promoting walnut processing products on the Ukrainian market will be studied.
Keywords: walnut, yield, production, restructuring, processing, farms, efficiency.
ACCOUNTING AND ANALYTICAL ASPECTS OF COST MANAGEMENT IN AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES
Authors: Svynous Ivan , Havryk Olesya , Matula Tetyana
Published: December 2021

Introduction. The issues of management of production costs of the enterprise have become important for domestic businesses after the transition of the economy to market principles of doing business. In the command-administrative system of management, pricing was the prerogative of state authorities, ministries and departments and was based on the implementation of a cost approach, which involves the inclusion in the cost of products of the full cost of its production and sale.
Methods. During the research general and special methods of research of processes and phenomena in their interrelation and development were used, namely: monographic (at formulation of the purpose, tasks, subject and object of research); method of comparative analysis (in the study of the concepts of strategic cost management). At the stage of observation of business transactions, collection, measurement, design, registration, systematization and processing of information for research, the inductive method was used, and the deductive method was used in the process of theoretical understanding of the problem.
Results. We believe that the main characteristics of the cost management system of an agricultural enterprise should be: phased implementation of the process; inclusion in the general process of enterprise management; establishing the impact of the external environment of the business entity; determining the characteristics of the internal environment; availability of feedback.
Discussion. At the stage of reforming the domestic accounting system, the issue of terminology should be given special importance. It is advisable to use in regulations the definition of costs and expenses, limiting the scope of these categories and providing the possibility of their unambiguous qualification by enterprises that prepare reports for interested users, both external and internal. Prospects for the application of IFRS in Ukraine in terms of cost accounting require understanding of the basic ideas and meaning of international standards and research, the results of which will approximate, and further bring the guidelines and rules of cost accounting in Ukraine in accordance with international financial reporting standards.
Keywords: production, management, costs, expenses, accounting, prime cost.
CUSTOMS SPACE OF UKRAINE: PROBLEM ASPECTS AND PRAGMATISM OF THEIR SOLUTION
Authors: Sydor Halyna , Savkiv Uliana , Andrusiv Uliana
Published: December 2021

Introduction. The need to find theoretical and practical ways to solve the problematic aspects of the formation of the customs space of Ukraine in the context of social and economic transformations becomes important. Given the political and economic situation in our country, an important component of the implementation of effective customs policy should be to determine its directions on the basis of the principles of foreign economic activity, the priorities of the strategy of economic development of the state.
Methods. General scientific techniques and methods of economic research were used in the process of writing the article. The theoretical and methodological basis of intelligence is the analysis of scientific works of domestic and foreign scientists on the study of problematic aspects of the customs space of Ukraine, Internet resources. The article uses general and special research methods, in particular: general scientific and special – to ensure the achievement of this goal; dialectical, abstract and logical methods of analysis – to substantiate theoretical positions and conclusions. Techniques for graphical display of results are used.
Results. The article systematizes the problematic aspects of the formation of the customs space of Ukraine and formulates recommendations on the pragmatism of their solution in modern conditions. Emphasis is placed on the need to strengthen cooperation between law enforcement and customs authorities in order to reduce the risk of the customs space of Ukraine. Customs officials are invited to undergo specialized training and pre-training conducted by the Department of Specialized Training and Cynological Support, as in the period of global transformations the world economy sets new requirements for those institutions whose employees are responsible for the security of the countrys customs space. The consequences of problematic aspects of the formation of the customs space of Ukraine are outlined.
Discussion. Further research will focus on studying the state of spatial asymmetry of the customs space of Ukraine in the context of identifying opportunities and prospects for its balancing and improving efficiency.
Keywords: customs space, customs environment, customs climate, customs policy, smuggling, violation of customs rules.
THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO THE INTERPRETATION OF THE CONCEPT OF «COSTS»
Authors: Trofimova Hanna , Starychenko Yevheniy , Koval Nataliya
Published: December 2021

Introduction. An important component in the management system of the enterprise is the assessment of the effectiveness of management actions, which involves comparing the results of activities with the costs of achieving these results. As costs can be considered any cost of resources (fixed assets, materials, labour resources in the form of working time, wages, etc.).
Methods. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study is a systematic approach and dialectical method of cognition, which were used to study the fundamental provisions of economics on the formation of cost management of vegetable enterprises. General scientific methods were used to achieve the goal of the study: analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction (determination of the essence of the category “costs”, generalization of the peculiarities of the formation of costs of agricultural enterprises and the basics of their management); abstract and logical (formulation of conclusions, proposals) and other generally accepted methods and modern economic and statistical techniques.
Results. Summarizing the existing approaches to determining the nature of production costs, we can conclude that they represent a fee for the possibility of production (fee for the use of resources, services, works, etc.), which varies depending on the conditions of its implementation, which allows to achieve goals (the main of which in terms of market relations is profit maximization).
Discussion. Ukraine's transition to IFRS will certainly improve the quality of economic information in the field of cost accounting and product costing, associated with a number of difficulties due to differences in management accounting methodology, as well as cost accounting according to IFRS and NP (S) of accounting. These include differences in terminology and categorization of the methodological apparatus, in the composition and principles of grouping and distribution of costs; different approaches to explaining the nature and origin of cost groups and their distribution; temporary focus in accounting and cost analysis. In our opinion, these difficulties can be solved and require further study and classification of differences in cost accounting systems, as well as the development of methods for transforming cost data generated in one of the systems adopted by the company as a basis for parallel format data.
Keywords: costs, prime cost, resource, production, capital, wastage, losses.
THE ESSENCE AND ECONOMIC ROLE OF THE SPORTS AND HEALTH SPHERE OF THE REGION
Authors: Tsymbaliuk Serhii
Published: December 2021

Introduction. In the twentieth century, anthropocentric trends of social and economic growth stimulated interest in a healthy lifestyle and physical education. There have been processes that have made sports and physical culture an important sector of the economy of many countries. This actualizes the study of the essence, components and economic role of sports and health in ensuring the social and economic development of the region.
Methods. The methods of theoretical and comparative analysis were used in the course of the research to reveal the essence and economic role of the sports and health sphere of the region.
Results. The article carries out a comparative analysis of the concepts «sphere of physical culture and sports», «sports and health sphere», «physical culture and health services» and «sports and health services», «sports and health activities», «sports and health services market». It was found that according to the traditional approach, the field of physical culture and sports is considered by scientists in the context of its impact on the health and lifestyle of the population, the formation of an appropriate culture of behaviour. It is determined that the use of the term «sphere of physical culture and sports» places a significant emphasis on educational aspects – physical education and physical training. It is proved that the economic essence of sports and health is manifested primarily in the process of providing services to meet the needs of the population in physical activity and health. A schematic representation of the relationship between the concepts and the categorical structure of the sports and health sphere is given. The main components of the sports and health sphere are determined. It is proved that under the conditions of decentralization it is expedient to conduct research of the sports and health sphere at the level of regions. The author`s vision of the concept of sports and the health sphere of the region is offered.
Discussion. Prospects for further research are to develop a concept for the development of sports and recreation, which should be based on the principles of comprehensiveness, achieving sustainable development goals, and be adapted to the conditions of decentralized management of sports and recreation.
Keywords: sports and health sphere of the region, sports, physical culture, sports infrastructure, the market of sports, and health services.
FEATURES OF FORMATION OF ACCOUNTING POLICY OF THE ENTERPRISE IN THE COMPETITIVE ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Shmyhel Olha
Published: December 2021

Introduction. The development of market relations in the domestic economy has affected all aspects of business. Quantitative and qualitative changes have taken place in the system of accounting at enterprises, which influenced the organization of the order of reflection of the basic financial information in the reporting. The performance of accounting functions entrusted to it requires owners to pay due attention to the organization of accounting in general and, in particular, to the accounting policy through which they implement their own policies in the field of enterprise management. The regulations for the formation of accounting policies have also changed, which has been affected by globalization processes, which provide for the formation of documentation in accordance with international standards.
Methods. General and special methods were used in the course of the research, in particular: the analytical method was used in the review of literature sources; the method of classification made it possible to differentiate the main components of the accounting policy of enterprises; method of description – to give them a detailed description; the monographic method was used in the study of literature sources on the details of the elements of accounting policies of enterprises; system and analytical method is used in processing the obtained information.
Results. The article considers accounting policy as a tool for implementing methods of accounting, substantiates the need for new approaches to its development in order to improve the analytical accounting and the need to take into account factors influencing the results of the enterprise. The approaches to the development of the accounting policy of the enterprise are studied, its clear elements are singled out and the offers on elimination of possible problems at its formation are given. The stages and technology of accounting policy development are considered and the ways of its further improvement are offered.
Discussion. The obtained theoretical and applied recommendations can be used to improve existing approaches to compiling the accounting policy of the enterprise. It is advisable for each company to develop a model of accounting.
Keywords: accounting policy, efficiency, stages of development, elements of accounting, development technology, control, reporting.
FUNCTIONING OF DAIRY CATTLE BREEDING OF AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES IN THE CONDITIONS OF UKRAINE'S MEMBERSHIP IN THE WTO
Authors: Shupyk Serhiy
Published: December 2021

Introduction. Prospects for dairy farming from Ukraine's accession to the WTO will be formed under the influence of: implementation of WTO agreements governing the production of milk and dairy products and trade; conditions of Ukraine's membership in the WTO and concluded agreements; the current state of dairy farming and the domestic market of milk and dairy products, especially the level of competitiveness of national producers.
Methods. The following methods and techniques were used to implement the tasks set in the study: monographic method – in studying the experience of countries around the world on the formation of trends in livestock, institutions and substantiation of forms and methods of state regulation of the industry in them; method of generalization – in the process of determining the substantive characteristics of economic categories and interpretations of the theoretical apparatus of the study; abstract and logical, constructive methods – during the development of directions for improving state support for the development of dairy farming.
Results. Despite certain problems of harmonization of domestic legislation on milk quality to European requirements, there is a problem of developing technical regulations “Raw milk”. We believe that the technical regulations should define mandatory requirements for raw milk and technological processes of its production.
The requirements of the proposed Regulation are mandatory for all economic entities engaged in the production, procurement, storage, transportation, sale and disposal of milk, regardless of ownership and subordination.
Discussion. Prospects for the revival of dairy farming lie in the development of state and regional support measures, including the introduction of a mechanism for subsidies for the growth of dairy and beef cows, the introduction of grant support for family farms and the implementation of state control measures for high-quality milk production.
Keywords: dairy cattle breeding, agricultural enterprise, WTO, state support, technical regulations.
DIGITAL PATH TO SUSTAINABILITY THE BANKING SECTOR OF BELARUS
Authors: Maltsevich Natallia , Рrokhorova Тatiana , Oshurkevich Elena
Published: December 2021

Introduction. The article examines the functioning of digital technologies in the banking sector of the Republic of Belarus; the emphasis is on the development of remote banking services and the formation of a national model of secure payments. The necessity of introducing banking innovations in the digital economy to transform the format of banking services is substantiated and promising areas of digital transformation that contribute to the sustainable development of the banking system of Belarus are analysed.
Methods. The methods of theoretical generalization and empirical methods were applied in the course of the research to determine the foundations for building approaches to the digital path of sustainable development of the banking sector at the present stage; the systemic and structural method was applied to highlight the current positions of the digital transformation of the banking sector and ways to increase its stability and efficiency. The task of this scientific work is to find relevant directions for the development of banking activities in the context of the introduction of inno-vations in the modern digital economy.
Results. The key dominants of the introduction of banking innovations in the digital economy are evaluated, taking into account the directions of the formation of cross-channel banking infra-structure. The necessity of introducing banking innovations in the digital economy to transform the format of banking services aimed at ensuring sustainable development has been substantiated.
Discussion. The need to implement and actively apply banking innovations in the digital econ-omy to transform the format of banking services in order to ensure sustainable development of the banking sector in Belarus. In the future, the sustainable development of the banking system in the direction of introducing innovations will ensure the competitiveness of banking products and services in comparison with neobanks and fintech projects, taking into account the substantiated directions for the development, regulation and implementation of banking innovations in the digital economy.
Keywords: banking services, digital technologies, innovative trends in banks.
Overcoming Immune Depletion is the Main Goal of Developing New Therapies for Cancer or Severe Viral Infections
Authors: Ricardo Gobato  , Abhijit Mitra
Published: December 2021

It is widely known that severe viral infections and cancer disrupt the immune system, including T cells, a process called "immune fatigue." Overcoming immune depletion is the main goal of developing new therapies for cancer or severe viral infections. Called Apex cells, they can maintain their function for a long time.

Keywords: Cancer; Cells; Tissues; Tumors; Prevention; Prognosis; Diagnosis; Imaging; Screening, Treatment; Management
Study of Tumor Cells in the G0 or G1 Nerve Growth State
Authors: Ricardo Gobato  , Abhijit Mitra
Published: December 2021

The cell cycle of such a subject has been thoroughly studied, yet here we are examining for the second time that we have entered a new phase; Biology always has new insights to show us. This data was amazing. This map is based on this beautiful circular pattern that we have identified as all the different stages of the cell cycle. Have a disease. When Placer and colleagues used the ccAF tool to analyze cell data for glioma tumors, we found that tumor cells were often in the G0 or G1 nerve growth state. With tumor aggression, fewer cells remain at rest in the G0 nerve state. This means that more cells are growing and growing in the tumor.

Keywords: Cancer; Cells; Tissues; Tumors; Prevention; Prognosis; Diagnosis; Imaging; Screening, Treatment; Management
Process of Converting Glucose to Energy, Single Endothelial Cells and Blood Vessel Cells
Authors: Ricardo Gobato  , Abhijit Mitra
Published: December 2021

Understanding cellular metabolism (how cells use energy) can be key in treating a wide range of diseases, including vascular disease and cancer. Although many techniques can measure these processes in tens of thousands of cells, researchers have not been able to measure them at the single-cell level. Researchers have used a genetically encoded biosensor with artificial intelligence to measure glycolysis. (Process of converting glucose to energy, single endothelial cells, blood vessel cells).

Keywords: Cancer; Cells; Tissues; Tumors; Prevention; Prognosis; Diagnosis; Imaging; Screening, Treatment; Management
Radiation Therapy to the Whole Brain and Spine, Followed by an Extra Dose of Radiation to the Back of the Brain
Authors: Ricardo Gobato  , Abhijit Mitra
Published: December 2021

Medulloblastoma is a rare but devastating brain cancer in children. The cancer can spread through the spinal fluid and deposit elsewhere in the brain or spine. Radiation therapy to the whole brain and spine, followed by an extra dose of radiation to the back of the brain, prevented this spread and became the standard of care. However, radiation used to treat such tumors causes damage to the brain and impairs cognitive function. It affects, especially in young patients whose brains are growing.

Keywords: Cancer; Cells; Tissues; Tumors; Prevention; Prognosis; Diagnosis; Imaging; Screening, Treatment; Management
Indication of a Type of DNA Damage Called "Alkylation" as High Levels of Tumor Alkylation Damage
Authors: Ricardo Gobato  , Abhijit Mitra
Published: December 2021

In this recent study, DNA data from 900 patients with colorectal cancer were reviewed. Analysis of the data showed a distinct mutation signature, a pattern that had never been identified before but indicated a type of DNA damage called "alkylation." Red meat contains chemicals that can cause alkylation. High levels of tumor alkylation damage are seen only in patients who consume an average of more than 150 grams of meat per day, roughly equivalent to two or more meals. On the other hand, a group of researchers in 2019 in a controversial conclusion stated that they do not have much confidence in reducing deaths from colon cancer by avoiding red meat.

Keywords: Cancer; Cells; Tissues; Tumors; Prevention; Prognosis; Diagnosis; Imaging; Screening, Treatment; Management
Significant Role of Nanoparticles as a Drug Delivery System for Cancer Treatment
Authors: Alireza Heidari  , Ricardo Gobato  , Abhijit Mitra
Published: December 2021

According to the results of a global phase 2 clinical trial, the new drug sotorasib reduces tumor size and promises to improve and increase survival in patients with lung tumors caused by specific DNA mutations. It is designed to counteract the effects of mutations that are seen in about 13% of patients with non-small cell lung adenocarcinoma (a common type of lung cancer). The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on May 28 approved the drug as a targeted treatment for patients with small cell lung cancer whose tumors express a specific mutation called G12C in the KRAS gene. Small cell lung cancer accounts for more than 80% of lung cancers. More than 200,000 new cases of non-small cell lung cancer are diagnosed in the United States each year.

Keywords: Cancer; Cells; Tissues; Tumors; Prevention; Prognosis; Diagnosis; Imaging; Screening, Treatment; Management
Designing a Simple Electromechanical Device for Using to Automatically and Non–Invasively Diagnose Deep Tissue Pathology Such as Psoriasis
Authors: Alireza Heidari  , Ricardo Gobato  , Abhijit Mitra
Published: December 2021

By placing a soft, sensitive device on the skin, you may be able to quickly detect non-invasive skin disorders in real time. A research team led by a scientist from California South University (CSU) has designed a simple electromechanical device that can be used to automatically and non-invasively diagnose deep tissue pathology such as psoriasis. These findings form the basis for future applications in the clinical evaluation of skin cancers or skin diseases.

Keywords: Cancer; Cells; Tissues; Tumors; Prevention; Prognosis; Diagnosis; Imaging; Screening, Treatment; Management
New Drug Sotorasib Reduces Tumor Size and Promises to Improve and Increase Survival in Patients with Lung Tumors Caused by Specific DNA Mutations
Authors: Ricardo Gobato  , Abhijit Mitra
Published: December 2021

According to the results of a global phase 2 clinical trial, the new drug stores reduce tumor size and promises to improve and increase survival in patients with lung tumors caused by specific DNA mutations. It is designed to counteract the effects of mutations that are seen in about 13% of patients with non-small cell lung adenocarcinoma (a common type of lung cancer). The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on May 28 approved the drug as a targeted treatment for patients with small cell lung cancer whose tumors express a specific mutation called G12C in the KRAS gene. Small cell lung cancer accounts for more than 80% of lung cancers. More than 200,000 new cases of non-small cell lung cancer are diagnosed in the United States each year.

Keywords: Cancer; Cells; Tissues; Tumors; Prevention; Prognosis; Diagnosis; Imaging; Screening, Treatment; Management
Understanding the Relationship between Microbiome, Diet and Cancer Risk
Authors: Ricardo Gobato  , Abhijit Mitra
Published: December 2021

When it comes to the microbiome, people usually think of the gut, but there is also the breast microbiome, and its role in the health and risk of breast cancer is not fully understood. A microbiome is a collection of microorganisms that live in a specific environment in the body. Diet can affect the breast microbiome, which shows that like the gut microbiome, breast microbiomes can respond to diet. New research now shows that diet, including fish oil supplements, can alter not only the breast microbiome but also its cancerous tumors.

Keywords: Cancer; Cells; Tissues; Tumors; Prevention; Prognosis; Diagnosis; Imaging; Screening, Treatment; Management
Searching Cytotoxic T Cells for Destroying Target Invading Cells
Authors: Alireza Heidari  , Ricardo Gobato  , Abhijit Mitra
Published: December 2021

A groundbreaking study led by engineering and medical researchers at the California South University (CSU) shows how immune cells engineered in new cancer therapies can overcome physical barriers so that the patient's own immune system can fight tumors. This research could improve the future of millions of cancer patients worldwide. Immunotherapy, instead of using chemicals or radiation, is a type of cancer treatment that helps the patient's immune system fight cancer. T cells are a type of white blood cell that is essential for the body's immune system. Cytotoxic T cells are like soldiers searching for and destroying target invading cells. Although there has been success in using immunotherapy for some types of cancer in the blood or blood-producing organs, T cell work is much more difficult in solid tumors

Keywords: Cancer; Cells; Tissues; Tumors; Prevention; Prognosis; Diagnosis; Imaging; Screening, Treatment; Management
Removing the Breast from the Body, Cryoectomy or Cryopreservation of Tumors Preserve Breast Size, Reduce the Risk of Infection and Prevent Scarring
Authors: Ricardo Gobato  , Abhijit Mitra
Published: December 2021

Unprecedented studies have shown that slow-growing breast cancers can be treated with highly targeted tumor cryopreservation technology without the need for surgery. Experiments show that this method is effective in women with low-risk breast cancer over the age of 60. Cryoablation is a solution that eliminates breast tumors safely, quickly and painlessly or without the need for surgery. Takes. This method exposes the patient's tissues to severe cold to remove them without the need for anesthesia in the clinic. The new study, which involved about 200 women, found that after eliminating low-risk breast cancer, patients were left without cancer for three years. This treatment can be used to treat cancers of the bone, kidney, prostate and other types. Unlike lumpectomy or mastectomy, which involves removing the breast from the body, cryoectomy or cryopreservation of tumors preserve breast size, reduce the risk of infection and prevent scarring, and allow patients to function normally quickly, the researchers said. Resume yourself.

Keywords: Cancer; Cells; Tissues; Tumors; Prevention; Prognosis; Diagnosis; Imaging; Screening, Treatment; Management
Delivering Lung Cancer Care During the COVID–19 Pandemic
Authors: Ricardo Gobato  , Abhijit Mitra
Published: December 2021

Early and timely diagnosis of any disease, especially cancer; Increases the chances of treatment and recovery; Therefore, it is better to be aware of the symptoms of lung cancer in the continuation of this article. It is advisable to first get acquainted with the causes of lung cancer so that we can assess our situation. The most important causes of lung cancer are smoking and other tobacco products, genetic mutations and family history. Second- and third-hand cigarette smoke and environmental pollutants such as air pollution also play a role in the development of this cancer. Of course, the role of colorless gas and the smell of radon and occupational exposure to compounds such as asbestos, arsenic and nickel should not be overlooked. Once we know the causes of lung cancer, we can look at its symptoms in our body. The most important symptoms of lung cancer are persistent cough, fatigue and lack of energy, and unexplained weight loss. Coughs such as coughing up blood and shortness of breath are other important symptoms of this cancer. Stomach, back, shoulder, and chest pain, as well as pain in the head, neck, and jaw, are other symptoms. In order to prevent lung cancer, special points should be considered, which we will mention in the following. The main advice is to avoid smoking and also not to be exposed to secondhand smoke; Therefore, avoid using any tobacco and quit if you smoke. People who are in work situations and exposure to things like asbestos should try to minimize this exposure and use breathing masks. Opening windows and covering cracks in walls and floors is important to reduce radon concentrations. It is recommended to eat more vegetables and fruits, especially cabbage, orange vegetables and garlic. It is important to note that awareness of the symptoms of the disease is very important for early diagnosis and thus increase the chances of treatment.

Keywords: Cancer; Cells; Tissues; Tumors; Prevention; Prognosis; Diagnosis; Imaging; Screening, Treatment; Management
Diagnosis, Response Assessment and Treatment Outcomes in Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)
Authors: Alireza Heidari  , Ricardo Gobato  , Abhijit Mitra
Published: December 2021

Leukemia occurs when a person's entire bone marrow tissue space is occupied by cancer cells or blasts that are young, dysfunctional, undifferentiated, and proliferating cells. In this situation, there is no space left for the bone marrow to be able to produce normal blood cells such as platelets, red and white blood cells. These patients suffer from severe bleeding due to decreased platelets or due to a decrease in white blood cells, which are often diagnosed with dangerous infections that cause death in these patients. The exact cause of leukemias is not yet known, but a number of factors have been identified that play a role in the development of these cancers, including high doses of radiation or atomic radiation, prolonged exposure to certain chemicals, and some Mentioned viruses and some genetic diseases such as Down syndrome or underlying diseases.

Keywords: Cancer; Cells; Tissues; Tumors; Prevention; Prognosis; Diagnosis; Imaging; Screening, Treatment; Management
T–Cell Engineering for Chimeric Antigen Receptor T–Cell Therapy in Cancer
Authors: Ricardo Gobato  , Abhijit Mitra
Published: December 2021

Through T-cell engineering, researchers at the California South University (CSU) Cancer Research Institute (CRI) have shown that tumor growth can be stopped in a variety of cancers and prevented from spreading to other tissues. Findings from this study are the result of decades of research by Professor Alireza Haidari, a member of the Cancer Biology Research Program at the California South University (CSU), who discovered a protein called AH that can inhibit the growth and spread of cancer cells in several different ways. They become in the tissues of the body.

Keywords: Cancer; Cells; Tissues; Tumors; Prevention; Prognosis; Diagnosis; Imaging; Screening, Treatment; Management
Discovering and Engineering an Enzyme as Inhibitor for the Growth of Cancer Cells by Stimulating Proteins
Authors: Ricardo Gobato  , Abhijit Mitra
Published: December 2021

Researchers have discovered an enzyme that inhibits the growth of cancer cells by stimulating proteins. In this study, the ability of each human cell to divide into two parts is discussed. For each division, a cell must follow certain steps, most of which are amplified by proteins called cyclins.

Keywords: Cancer; Cells; Tissues; Tumors; Prevention; Prognosis; Diagnosis; Imaging; Screening, Treatment; Management
Investigation of the Impact of Low–Dose Computed Tomography (LDCT) Screening for Primary Lung Cancer (PLC) on the Risk of Developing Brain Metastasis (BM) after Primary Lung Cancer (PLC) Diagnosis
Authors: Ricardo Gobato  , Abhijit Mitra
Published: December 2021

Using samples of small cell lung tumors, a research team led by biologist Dr. Raymond discovered two new ways to induce tumor cell death. By activating ferroptosis, one of two subtypes of tumor cells can be targeted: first, iron-dependent cell death due to oxidative stress, and second, oxidative stress. Therefore, cell death can also be induced in a different way. Both types of cell death must be caused by drugs at the same time to eliminate the majority of the tumor mass.

Keywords: Cancer; Cells; Tissues; Tumors; Prevention; Prognosis; Diagnosis; Imaging; Screening, Treatment; Management
Role and Importance of Inflammasomes and Immune Pathways in Myeloid Malignancies, Particularly Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)/Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) to Better Understand the Disease Pathophysiology and Decipher the Scope of Therapeutic Interventions
Authors: Ricardo Gobato  , Abhijit Mitra
Published: December 2021

Thanks to work by researchers at the California South University (CSU) Cancer Research Institute (CRI), they may soon have new tools to treat melanoma and other cancers. In an article published last month, members of the Cancer Research Institute (CRI) introduced an intracellular complex. Involved in melanoma-mediated inflammation and leads to tumor growth and progression. The researchers found that by inhibiting NLRP3, they could reduce inflammation and tumor spread.

Keywords: Cancer; Cells; Tissues; Tumors; Prevention; Prognosis; Diagnosis; Imaging; Screening, Treatment; Management
Independent Active and Reactive Power Control for Single Stage H8 Transformer-less Solar PV Inverter
Authors: Ananth D.V.N , Kumar L.V. Sursh , Tatajee D.A.
Published: December 2021

With the rapid development in power electronics technologies and solar photovoltaic (PV) cells, the interest in solar PV cell-based electric power generation and other applications is increasing more incredibly. For low power grid or direct load applications, single-stage solar PV inverters without transformers are advantageous. Based on this concept solar single-stage eight switch H8 based transformerless solar PV inverter is proposed. The objective of the work is to present a control scheme for the H8 inverter to have better power handling capability and for independent active and reactive power control. For this, the test system is studied using MATLAB/ SIMULINK software under three cases (i) constant active power and varying reactive power, (ii) varying active power and constant reactive power, and (iii) varying both active and reactive power. The proposed inverter is compared with single-stage solar PV with two switches boost and six switches inverter topology. It is found that power flow ripples and surges are lesser for proposed H8 than with single-stage topology.
Effect of Curing Temperature on the Mechanical Strength of Alkali Activated Laterite Geopolymeric Samples
Authors:   Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Bonab, Iran, Fahmi Ahmad , amini Alireza Babaeian ,   Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Bonab, Iran, Marabi Yaser ,   Graduate Student of Civil Engineering, University of Bonab, Iran, Zavaragh Sohrab Rafati ,   Researcher, University of Bonab, Iran, Majnouni-Toutakhane Ali ,   Department of Architecture, University of Bonab, Bonab, Iran
Published: December 2021

A huge amount of carbon dioxide is released in the Portland cement production process. A large quantity of greenhouse gases is produced because of the significant amount of energy consumption via making bricks through firing. Using the pozzolanic sources containing the aluminosilicate and alkaline reagents, a new type of green materials called geopolymeric materials are produced with quite lower environmental hazards. The use of laterite as an iron-rich aluminosilicate material has a high potential for building materials. In this study, the effect of the curing temperature and characteristics of the alkaline reagent including the concentration of sodium hydroxide solution and the water-glass to sodium hydroxide mass mixing ratio on the mechanical strength of the laterite-based, oven-cured geopolymer samples was investigated. The results showed that the curing temperature had a significant effect on the compressive strength of the laterite-based geopolymer samples so that with a 15°C change at the curing temperature, the compressive strength of the samples could be multiplied and a sharp increase in the mechanical strength could occur. Also, according to the results of this study, the 6 M sodium hydroxide is recommended for the construction of the laterite-based geopolymer materials with low cost and relatively high strength, and for the construction of higher-strength building materials, the 14 M sodium hydroxide is recommended.
CFD Simulation of Helical Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger Using Optimization Techniques
Authors:   Mechanical Engineering Department, Shri Vaishnav Vidyapeeth Vishwavidyalaya, Indore, 453111, Madhya Pradesh, India, Parihar Vivek Singh , Pandey Shrikant ,   Mechanical Engineering Department, Shri Vaishnav Vidyapeeth Vishwavidyalaya, Indore, 453111, Madhya Pradesh, India, Malviya Rakesh Kumar ,   Mechanical Engineering Department, Shri Vaishnav Vidyapeeth Vishwavidyalaya, Indore, 453111, Madhya Pradesh, India, Goyal Palash ,   Mechanical Engineering Department, Shri Vaishnav Vidyapeeth Vishwavidyalaya, Indore, 453111, Madhya Pradesh, India
Published: December 2021

The objective of this study is to simulate the performance of helical tube shell and tube heat exchanger with several optimization techniques using computational fluid dynamics CFD. To check the performance of a designed model of heat exchanger various techniques are available. In this study, the various possible model of the heat exchanger to enhance the performance of the device have been designed. Firstly, the straight tube is replaced by helical tube in the heat exchanger and used 10, 12, 14 number of helical baffles with 50% baffle cut. Total ten models have been developed. These models are model-I 4-turns without baffle, model-II 4-turns with 10 number baffles, model-III 5-turns without baffle, model-IV 5-turns with 12 number baffles, model-V 6-turns without baffle, model-VI 6-turns with 10 number baffles 0.083m baffle space, model-VII 6-turns with 12 number 0.083m baffle space, model-VIII 6-turns with 14 number baffles 0.064m baffle space, model-IX 7-turns without baffle, model-X 7-turns with 14 number baffles, different number of baffles and baffle space with 50% baffle cut and used CUO nanofluid model-XI 6-turns with 14 number baffle CUO fluid 0.083m baffle space CFD analysis simulation done on ANSYS FLUENT 18. The simulated result shows that the model XI is approximately 40% more optimized as compared to model-I and approximately 24% than model-VIII. It also found that the high heat transfer obtains with increased number of baffles.
Performance of SVM technique for DoA Estimation in 5G mm-Wave band
Authors:   Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Beirut Arab University, Tripoli, Lebanon., Ziade Youmni , Obeid Wissam ,   Laboratory of Signals and Systems (L2S), CentraleSupélec, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
Published: December 2021

Applying Machine Learning algorithms in wireless communication has shown increasing interest due to the increase of demand on capacity, the increase of the number of users, and equipment sharing the limited frequency spectrum resources. Also, the need for a reduction in power consumption at base stations and the optimization of radio coverage make ML an attractive and promising technique. In this paper, we investigate the usage of Support Vector Machine (SVM) technique for Direction of Arrival (DoA) estimation in the millimeter-wave band. The objective is to predict the location of a user in a given area by analyzing the received signals at an array of antennas, using an SVM-based model. The first phase of this technique consists of the training phase that aims to identify the characteristics of each class, and that is based on a set of training samples. The second phase consists of testing the trained model using a set of samples/users. We have carried out a set of simulations based on the developed model. The results are promising in terms of the accuracy of determining the DoA, taking into consideration a channel with noise and multipath.
Lightweight Structural Concrete
Authors:   Structural Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt, Saad Omnia , S. Ragab Khaled ,   Department of Civil Engineering, Housing and Building Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt, Elnawawy Omar ,   Structural Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt, R. Alharbi Yousef ,   Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia, A. Abadel Aref ,   Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia, Talaat Abdalla ,   Structural Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt, Kohail Mohamed ,   Structural Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
Published: December 2021

Using of Lightweight concrete (LWC) amounts to a lower cost and a better thermal performance due to its unique properties and light density. The main disadvantage in using lightweight concrete is that its mechanical properties are relatively poor. An effective method to improve the mechanical properties of lightweight concrete is using a dosage of nano-silica in the concrete mix. The gained enhancement of mechanical properties promotes a more serious discussion of structural applications of lightweight concrete. There exists an optimum dosage of nano-silica by which the mechanical properties enhancement is maximized. Increasing the nano-silica content beyond the optimum dosage degrades the mechanical properties. However, a fixed optimum dosage is not agreed upon in literature. This paper investigates the optimum dosage of NS to enhance the mechanical properties and microstructure of a lightweight concrete made with lightweight expanded clay aggregates (LECA). The results concluded that a dosage of 0.75% of nano-silica is optimum for the studied lightweight concrete mixes.
Intracardiac Mass Detection and Classification Using Double Convolutional Neural Network Classifier
Authors:   1Assistant Professor, Department of ECE, Vivekanandha College of Technology for Women, Tiruchengode, India, A Manikandan , Bala M.Ponni ,   2Associate Professor, Department of EIE, Kongu Engineering College, Erode, India
Published: December 2021

Intracardiac masses identification in the images of echocardiogram images in one of the most essential tasks in making the diagnosis of cardiac disease. For making the improvement in accuracy over the diagnosis as a new complete method of classifying the echocardiogram images automatically which is based on robust back propagation neural network algorithm in being proposed for distinguishing intracardiac thrombi and tumor. Initially, the cropping over the specific region is done in order to make the definition of the mass area. Later on, as the second step the processing of globally unique denoising technique is being implied for the removal of speckle and in order to make the preservation of anatomical structured component in the image. This is defined in terms of preprocessing and it is carried out by Patch-based sparse representation. Subsequently the description of the mass contour and its interconnected wall of the artery are being done by the segmentation mechanism denoted as Linear Iterative Vessel Segmentation model. As the prefinal stage, the processing of boundary, texture and the motion features are being carried out through the processing by double convolutional neural network (DCNN) classifier in order to determine the classification of two different masses. Totally 108 cardiac masses images are being collected for accessing the effectiveness of the classifier. It is also realized with the various state of the art classifiers as projected the demonstration of the greatest performance that has been disclosed with an achievement of 98.98% of accuracy, 98.89% of sensitivity and 99.16% of specificity that has been resulted for DCNN classifier. It determines the explication that the proposed method is capable of performing the classification of intracardiac thrombi and tumors in the echocardiography and ensures for potentially assisting the medical doctors who are in the clinical practice.