bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Manajemen Pembinaan Bakat dalam Meningkatkan Prestasi Siswa Sekolah Dasar Islam (SDI) Miftahul Ulum Pakuniran Probolinggo
Authors: Rifai Moh , Asy’ari Asy’ari , Fatoni Moh Yusni
Published: July 2024

Peningkatan prestasi siswa tidak dapat dipandang sebelah mata. Efek dari prestasi siswa tersebut dapat berkontribusi terhadap peningkatan kepercayaan masyarakat terhadap lembaga pendidikan. Sekian banyak lembaga pendidikan berusaha guna meningkatkan layanan ini sehingga dapat mencetak calon-calon lulusan yang beprestasi. Lembaga pendidikan perlu melakukan manajemen pengembangan bakat yang berkualitas untuk mewujudkan harapan besar masyarakat tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan manajemen pengembangan bakat pada siswa yang dapat berimplikasi terhadap peningkatan prestasi siswa dengan menggunakan menggunakan penelitian kualitatif dengan jenis deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara secara mendalam, observasi secara partisipan, dan dengan Teknik dokumentasi. Sedangkan teknik analisis data yang diterapkan adalah model Miles dan Huberman dengan menggunakan reduksi data, penyajian data, penarikan kesimpulan dan verifikasi data. Dengan uji keabsahan data melalui kredibilitas dengan teknik triangulasi sumber. Hasil penelitian ini antara lain; a. Melakukan organizing dengan melakukan pembentukan lembaga dan SDM khusus yaitu LPK sehingga layanan yang ditawarkan kepada masyarakat benar-benar terlayani dengan efektif dan efisien; b. Melakukan actuating dengan melakukan pelibatan SDM profesional dalam mewujudkan peningkatan prestasi yang realistis bagi siswa yang memiliki bakat dalam retorika; c. Melakukan actuating dengan melakukan jalinan kerjasama lembaga pendidikan Islam dengan lembaga yang lebih tinggi dengan mendatangkan Mahasiswa dan Dosen MPI yang bersifat win-win solution.
Implementasi Projek Penguatan Profil Pelajar Pancasila dalam Mengembangkan Karakter Siswa di SMAN 2 Tanggul
Authors: Muttaqin Budi
Published: July 2024

Pandemi covid-19 memberikan dampak khusus pada sektor pendidikan. Pembelajaran daring dinilai kurang optimal dalam pelaksanaanya karena sulitnya guru untuk mengukur kualitas dan karakter peserta didik sehingga pemerintah menciptakan kurikulum merdeka dengan desain projek penguatan profil pelajar pancasila wadah untuk menutupi ketertinggalan pembelajaran. Tujuan penelitian ini ingin mengidentifikasi pelaksanaan projek penguatan profil pelajar pancasila dalam mengembangkan karakter peserta didik di SMAN 2 Tanggul. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian studi kasus. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yakni data primer dan data sekunder. Data primer diperoleh kepala sekolah, wakil kepala sekolah bidang kurikulum, koordinator projek, fasilitator, dan siswa kelas X. Kemudian data sekunder diperoleh dari arsip dan dokumen selama pelaksanaan P5. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan meliputi reduksi data, penyajian data, penarikan kesimpulan dan verifikasi. Teknik keabsahan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini meliputi ketekunan pengamatan dan triangulasi. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan bahwa implementasi projek penguatan profil pelajar pancasila di SMAN 2 Tanggul dilaksanakan dengan melalui empat tahapan, yaitu pengenalan, kontekstual, aksi dan share. Dari tahapan tersebut telah ditemukan bahwa tema-tema yang diangkat seperti kewirausahaan, gaya hidup berkelanjutan, dan bhineka tunggal ika telah memberikan output berupa produk-produk ungulan seperti makanan dan minuman kekinian, pupuk organik, sabun dari limbah, masker, miniatur kebudayaan, buku pop-up, dan majalah dinding 3D. Kegiatan P5 yang telah dilaksakanan juga telah membentuk dan mengembangkan karakter berakhlak, berkebhinekaan global, mandiri, berpikir kritis, dan kreatif pada siswa.
Faktor-Faktor Penyebab Anemia pada Ibu Hamil : Analisis Hubungan dengan Umur dan Kunjungan ANC di Puskesmas Klabang
Authors: Medyawati Cici , Ermawati Iit , Supriyadi Bagus
Published: July 2024

Anemia merupakan masalah gizi yang perlu mendapat perhatian karena anemia pada ibu hamil dapat meningkatkan risiko kelahiran prematur, kematian ibu dan anak, serta penyakit infeksi. Tujuan penelitian adalah menganalisis faktor-faktor yang Berhubungan Dengan Kejadian Anemia Pada Ibu Hamil di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Klabang Tahun 2023. Desain penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan korelasional dan termasuk penelitian  crossectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah semua ibu hamil yang ada di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Klabang Tahun 2023 sebanyak 31 orang. Besar sampel dalam penelitian ini sebesar 31 orang diambil secara total sampling. Pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan kuesioner kemudian data diolah dengan menggunakan SPSS dengan menggunakan regresi logistik. Hasil analisis data diketahui  bahwa sebagian besar responden berusia 20-35 tahun sebanyak 16 orang (51,6%), seorang primipara sebanyak 14 orang (45,2%), tidak patuh dalam kunjungan ANC terpadu sebanyak 16 orang (51,6%), suami mendukung sebanyak 19 orang (61,3%), tidak mengalami anemia  sebanyak 17 orang (54,8%). Berdasarkan analisis regresi logistik diketahui bahwa nilai signifikansi (p value) pada variabel umur sebesar 0,042, pada variabel paritas sebesar 0,035, ANC sebesar 0,045 dan pada variabel dukungan suami sebesar 0,352. Variabel yang memiliki hubungan atau pengaruh terhadap kejadian anemia adalah umur, paritas dan kunjungan ANC karena memiliki nilai p value ≤ 0,05. Sementara pada variable dukungan suami tidak berhubungan karena memiliki nilai p valu >0,05. Kunjungan ANC merupakan faktor dominan yang berhubungan dengan anemia. Disarankan ibu untuk aktif dalam melakukan pemeriksaan kesehatan dan memanfaatkan layanan kesehatan lainnya tujuannya unutk mengindentifikasi dan mengatasi masalah kesehatan, termasuk anemia,sedini mungkin.
Hubungan Pola Makan Ibu Hamil dengan Kejadian Kekurangan Energi Kronik (KEK) pada Trimester Pertama di Desa Jambesari
Authors: Sulistianingsih Emi Tri , Ekasari Tutik , Ermawati Iit
Published: July 2024

Gizi merupakan isu permasalahan utama di Indonesia. Ibu hamil merupakan salah satu kelompok yang rentan terhadap kekurangan gizi karena meningkatnya kebutuhan gizi untuk ibu dan janin yang sedang tumbuh. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis hubungan pola makan ibu hamil dengan fenomena Kekurangan Energi Kronik (KEK) pada trimester pertama di Desa Jambesari. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian kuantitatif dengan analisis korelasi, termasuk desain penelitian cross-sectional. Populasi penelitian ini adalah 41 ibu hamil yang tinggal di Desa Jambesari, Bondowoso selama trimester pertama. Dalam penelitian ini, jumlah sampel terdiri dari 41 individu yang dijadikan sampel secara lengkap. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan alat pengumpul data, kemudian data diolah menggunakan SPSS dan uji Chi-Square. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan hampir seluruh responden (n = 18 atau 43,9%) menyatakan bisa makan enak. Sebagian besar responden tidak mengalami kekurangan energi kronik sebanyak 24 orang (58,5%). Berdasarkan uji Chi-Square diperoleh nilai signifikansi (Asymp. Sig) sebesar 0,011 < 0,05, artinya Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima, sehingga ada hubungan antara pola makan dengan Kekurangan Energi Kronik di Desa Jambesari, Bondowoso tahun 2023. Pola makan yang baik memiliki kecenderungan tidak mengalami KEK sebesar 29,3%.
Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Ketidakhadiran Balita ke Posyandu Kelurahan Kademangan Wilayah Puskesmas Kademangan Bondowoso
Authors: Prasetyaningrum Elok , Irmawati Iit , Supriyadi Bagus
Published: July 2024

Posyandu merupakan salah satu tempat yang paling banyak dikunjungi untuk penimbangan anak balita sebesar 80%. Banyak kasus gizi buruk yang terjadi pada balita menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan Posyandu masih lemah. Kendala utama adalah tempat, waktu, jarak, serta keberadaan kader Posyandu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi kunjungan balita ke Posyandu di Kademangan, wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kademangan tahun 2023. Desain penelitian menggunakan deskriptif analitik korelasi dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh ibu yang memiliki bayi usia 12-59 bulan di Puskesmas Kademangan, yang berjumlah 506 dari 9 Posyandu, dengan sampel sebanyak 83 orang yang dipilih secara random sampling. Data yang digunakan adalah data primer dan sekunder. Data dianalisis secara univariat, bivariat, dan multivariat. Dari hasil penelitian pada 83 responden, didapatkan hasil uji statistik pengaruh pengetahuan dengan kunjungan balita ke Posyandu menggunakan Chi-Square dengan nilai p-value 0,003 < 0,05, pengaruh pendidikan dengan nilai p-value 0,006 < 0,05, dan pengaruh pekerjaan dengan nilai p-value 0,011 < 0,05. Pengaruh jarak ke pelayanan Posyandu dengan kunjungan balita ke Posyandu didapatkan nilai p-value 0,010 > 0,05. Faktor yang paling dominan dari penelitian ini adalah variabel jarak dengan nilai OR 1,077. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada pengaruh faktor yang lebih dominan dari faktor lainnya, seperti variabel jarak dengan kunjungan balita ke Posyandu. Disarankan kepada Puskesmas untuk memberikan penyuluhan tentang manfaat Posyandu bagi balita.
Hubungan Anemia dan Partus Lama dengan Kejadian Pendarahan Post Partum di RSUD H Abdul Manap Kota Jambi
Authors: Mutiara Mutiara , Kartika Nisa , Riya Rosa , Mariana Silvia
Published: July 2024

Menurut Survei Demografi Kesehatan Indonesia (SDKI) tahun 2012, Angka Kematian Ibu (AKI) di Indonesia mengalami peningkatan sejak tahun 2007, dari 228 per 100.000 kelahiran hidup menjadi 359 per 100.000 kelahiran hidup. Kematian ibu disebabkan oleh perdarahan, tekanan darah tinggi saat hamil, atau preeklampsia dan infeksi. Perdarahan merupakan penyebab tertinggi kematian ibu, dengan anemia dan kekurangan energi kronik (KEK) pada ibu hamil sebagai penyebab utama perdarahan dan infeksi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan anemia dengan kejadian persalinan lama dan perdarahan postpartum. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian analitik dengan jenis studi kasus kontrol. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui survei dokumenter menggunakan checklist dengan analisis univariat dan bivariat menggunakan uji Chi-square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar kasus mengalami anemia sedang, yaitu 13 responden (41,9%), sedangkan kelompok kontrol mayoritas tidak mengalami anemia, yaitu 26 responden (83,9%). Kelompok kasus mayoritas mengalami persalinan lama sebanyak 23 responden (74,2%), sedangkan pada kelompok kontrol mayoritas tidak mengalami persalinan lama sebanyak 29 responden (93,5%). Pada kelompok kasus, 31 responden (100%) mengalami perdarahan postpartum, sedangkan pada kelompok kontrol, 31 responden (100%) tidak mengalami perdarahan. Terdapat hubungan antara anemia dan persalinan lama dengan kejadian perdarahan ibu nifas di RSUD H. Abdul Manap Kota Jambi dengan nilai signifikansi ρ = 0,000. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah terdapat hubungan antara anemia dan persalinan lama dengan kejadian perdarahan ibu nifas di RSUD H. Abdul Manap Kota Jambi. Bidan sebaiknya menganjurkan ibu hamil untuk melakukan pemeriksaan antenatal (ANC) dan meminum tablet Fe sesuai jadwal.
SOSIALISASI KESEHATAN CEGAH STUNTING DENGAN PROGRAM A,B,C,D,E PADA BALITA
Authors: Pertiwi Aditiyani  Nugraha , Hardani Hardani , Alfisahrin Alfisahrin , Julaikha Siti
Published: July 2024

Stunting adalah masalah gizi kronis pada anak-anak yang terjadi sejak dalam kandungan, sehingga diperlukan berbagai upaya penanganan masalah stunting setiap tahapan usianya. Tujuan dari kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan ibu-ibu yang memiliki balita dan wanita remaja yang belum menikah terkait pencegahan stunting dan penatalaksanaan gizi dalam pencegahan dini kasus stunting pada balita. Penyuluhan disampaikan dengan metode ceramah dan diskusi. Ceramah adalah metode penyampaikan informasi secara lisan kepada sasaran yang setelahnya dilanjutkan dengan tanya jawab. Pada metode ini ada sasaran yang terpilih, adanya informasi yang diberikan kepada sasaran, adanya pertanyaan yang disampaikan oleh sasaran setelah ceramah walalupun pertanyaan tersebut dibatasi, adanya sarana dan prasarana yang mendukung ada saat penyampaian informasi. Jumlah peserta yang hadir sebanyak 20 orang. Peserta yang hadir seluruhnya adalah wanita baik yang ibu-ibu yang memiliki balita, ibu-ibu yang sudah menikah, remaja perempuan yang belum menikah. Kegiatan sosialisasi ini meningkatkan pengetahuan ibu-ibu yang memiliki balita dan wanita yang belum menikah mengenai stunting, penatalaksanaan dan pencegahan secara dini mengenai stunting pada balita.
SOSIALISASI PROSEDUR PEMERIKSAAN LABORATORIUM DAN TERAPI ANTIBIOTIK PADA PENYAKIT TUBERCULOSIS
Authors: Mentari Ika Nurfajri , Ustiawaty Jumari , Aini Aini , Idawati Sri , Pertiwi Ajeng Dian , Ulya Tuhfatul , Hijriani Baiq Isti
Published: July 2024

Tuberkulosis (TBC) merupakan penyakit menular yang masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat utama di dunia, termasuk di Indonesia. Pengendalian TBC memerlukan pendekatan terpadu, meliputi diagnosis yang akurat melalui pemeriksaan laboratorium dan penanganan yang tepat dengan terapi antibiotik. Oleh karena itu, pemahaman yang baik tentang prosedur pemeriksaan laboratorium dan penggunaan antibiotik yang tepat sangat penting bagi tenaga kesehatan dan masyarakat. Kegiatan sosialisasi ini dilakukan di Udayana dalam rangka car free day dengan tujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan terkait prosedur pemeriksaan laboratorium TBC, seperti tes mikroskopis, tes cepat molekuler, dan tes biakan, serta prinsip-prinsip penggunaan antibiotik sesuai pedoman nasional dan rekomendasi terkini. Melalui penyampaian materi dan diskusi peserta akan memperoleh pemahaman yang mendalam tentang langkah-langkah pemeriksaan laboratorium yang benar, interpretasi hasil, dan cara pemberian terapi antibiotik yang optimal pada kasus TBC. Sosialisasi ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kualitas diagnosis dan tatalaksana TBC, serta mendukung upaya pengendalian penyakit ini di masyarakat.
Kajian literatur: Implementasi Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) pada kemampuan representasi matematis
Authors: Lestari Liya , Maryati Iyam , Sundayana Rostina , Afriansyah Ekasatya Aldila
Published: July 2024

Riset ini didasarkan atas kemampuan representasi siswa yang masih lemah sebab proses belajar mengajar tidak secara maksimal mengikutsertakan siswa untuk mengotak-atik benda di lingkungan sekitar sebagai proses awal untuk menguasai konsep matematika. Adapun tujuan riset ini adalah melakukan kajian literatur terkait dengan implementasi RME terhadap kemampuan representasi matematis  siswa menggunakan metode yang SLR (Systematic Literature Review), yang didasarkan pada penelitian terdahulu yang relevan mengenai RME dan kemampuan representasi matematis. Dari pencarian menggunakan kata kunci, ditemukan sebanyak 28 artikel terkait. Kemudian, artikel-artikel tersebut dipilih 12 artikel jurnal yang memiliki topik penelitian relevan yang ter-indeks Google Scholar, Sinta 2, Sinta 3, dan Sinta 5. Artikel-artikel yang diperoleh, merupakan hasil dari pencarian data di base Google Scholar dan Mendeley. Hasil riset mengungkapkan bahwa analisis implementasi RME pada kemampuan representasi matematis efektif digunakan.
Analisis kemampuan representasi matematis siswa SMK pada materi program linear (penelitian di kelas X TMK SMKS YPPT Garut)
Authors: Sumiarelati Sumia , Sundayana Rostina , Maryati Iyam
Published: July 2024

Kemampuan Representasi Matematis (KRM) adalah suatu komponen krusial yang perlu dikuasai siswa SMK selama pembelajaran matematika yang terintegrasi. Penelitian deskriptif kualitatif ini menggunakan siswa kelas X TMK di SMKS YPPT Garut sebagai subjek untuk menjabarkan KRM siswa untuk materi program linear. Dalam metode pengumpulan data, analisis KRM dan wawancara digunakan. Analisis kemampuan mengacu pada tiga indikator representasi matematis: gambar, verbal, dan simbolik. Hasil penelitian menjelaskan bahwa 3 siswa dengan kategori tinggi memiliki persentase 20%, 9 siswa dengan kategori sedang memiliki persentase 60%, dan 6 siswa dengan kategori rendah memiliki persentase 20%. Siswa kelas X TMK di sekolah tersebut memiliki KRM yang sedang dalam materi program linear. Siswa dengan skor tertinggi berada di kategori tinggi, tetapi KRM mereka belum maksimal karena ada langkah-langkah dalam representasi verbal yang belum diinterpretasikan secara menyeluruh dalam jawaban.
Kaitan antara self-efficacy siswa dengan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis
Authors: Mudzakin Fikri , Sundayana Rostina , Sumartini Tina Sri , Afriansyah Ekasatya Aldila
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi hubungan antara self-efficacy matematis dengan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei yang dikombinasikan dengan teknik analisis korelasi. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa SMP Negeri. Sampel penelitian menggunakan teknik purposeful random sampling pada siswa kelas VIII SMP Kelas A. Pengumpulan data menggunakan metode survei kuesioner, dan analisis kuantitatif data dilakukan dengan menggunakan rumus korelasi Pearson. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya kaitan antara self-efficacy matematis siswa dengan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis.
Pengaruh literasi digital terhadap kemandirian belajar matematika siswa
Authors: Mulyadi Redi , Afriansyah Ekasatya Aldila
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meninjau pengaruh literasi digital terhadap kemandirian belajar matematika siswa. Literasi digital didefinisikan sebagai kemampuan untuk menggunakan teknologi digital dengan efektif dan efisien untuk menemukan, mengevaluasi dan mengkomunikasikan informasi. Kemandirian belajar matematika adalah kemampuan siswa untuk belajar secara mandiri dan mengelola proses pembelajaran mereka sendiri. Populasi penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas V SDN 1 Rancabango Garut yang berjumlah 80 siswa, kemudian diambil sampel sebanyak 30 siswa dengan teknik Simple Random Sampling. Melalui metode kuantitatif, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa literasi digital memiliki pengaruh positif yang signifikan terhadap kemandirian belajar matematika siswa. Siswa yang memiliki tingkat literasi digital yang tinggi lebih cenderung untuk memiliki kemandirian belajar matematika yang baik, karena mereka dapat menggunakan teknologi digital untuk mencari informasi, mengevaluasi dan memperoleh pemahaman yang lebih baik tentang materi matematika.
PERMOHONAN DISPENSASI KAWIN PERSPEKTIF MASHLAHAH MURSALAH
Authors: Kosiungan Yon Indra Wahyudi , Faruq Ahmad
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kualitatif dengan metode pendekatan yuridis-sosiologis. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah wawancara, observasi, dan studi dokumen. Peraturan mengenai dispensasi nikah yang diatur oleh Pasal 7 Undang-Undang Nomor 16 Tahun 2019 tentang Batas Usia Perkawinan dapat ditinjau dari perspektif maá¹£hlaá¸¥ah mursalah. Hal ini dikarenakan syarat-syarat maá¹£hlaá¸¥ah mursalah dalam istinbaá¹­ hukum terpenuhi, yaitu kemaslahatan tersebut harus sejalan dengan tujuan utama syariat, seperti memelihara agama, memelihara jiwa, memelihara akal, memelihara keturunan, dan memelihara harta. selama tidak bertentangan dengan naá¹£h, maka dapat dipertimbangkan dalam hal dispensasi nikah.
 
Kata kunci: Dispensasi, Perkawinan. Maá¹£hlaá¸¥ah Mursalah, Anak di Bawah Umur, Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1974, Undang-Undang Nomor 16 Tahun 2019.
Knee sleeves improve gait symmetry during fast walking in older adults
Authors: Inai Takuma , Kudo Shoma , Tsuchida Wakako , Fujimoto Masahiro
Published: July 2024

Knee sleeves are commonly used to address knee-related concerns, particularly in older individuals. Although previous studies have demonstrated their efficacy in improving gait and functional outcomes in knees with pathological conditions, the effectiveness of knee sleeves for improving gait characteristics in healthy older adults remains unclear. The harmonic ratio (HR), an index for assessing gait symmetry commonly used to discriminate between individuals with different functional levels, can be used to detect alterations in gait characteristics. This study investigated the effects of knee sleeves on gait symmetry in healthy older adults. Sixteen healthy community-dwelling older adults walked barefoot with and without knee sleeves at normal and fast speeds. Gait symmetry indices (HR and improved HR [iHR]) and spatiotemporal gait parameters were compared under different conditions. A significant interaction between knee condition and walking speed was observed for mean iHR in the anteroposterior direction (p = 0.006). A significant simple main effect of knee condition was found during fast walking, with a larger iHR with knee sleeves than without (p = 0.002). In the condition without knee sleeves, the iHR was significantly lower during fast walking than during normal walking (p = 0.035). Furthermore, a significant main effect of knee condition was observed for the variability of iHR in the anteroposterior direction, with a smaller variability when walking with knee sleeves than when walking without (p = 0.006). These results suggest that knee sleeves may enhance gait symmetry along the anteroposterior direction, particularly during fast walking, where symmetry disruption is more likely than walking at a comfortable pace. A significant reduction in gait symmetry variability also suggests a stabilizing effect on gait dynamics. These findings provide the first evidence supporting the efficacy of knee sleeves for improving gait symmetry. The use of knee sleeves could be a valuable option for restoring disrupted gait symmetry during fast walking, with potential implications for reducing the risk of falls.
Exploring essential oil-based bio-composites: molecular docking and in vitro analysis for oral bacterial biofilm inhibition
Authors: Ullah Niamat , Hasnain Syed Zia Ul , Baloch Rabia , Amin Adnan , Nasibova Aygun , Selakovic Dragica , Rosic Gvozden Luka , Islamov Sokhib , Naraliyeva Nasibakhon , Jaradat Nidal , Mammadova Afat O
Published: July 2024

Oral bacterial biofilms are the main reason for the progression of resistance to antimicrobial agents that may lead to severe conditions, including periodontitis and gingivitis. Essential oil-based nanocomposites can be a promising treatment option. We investigated cardamom, cinnamon, and clove essential oils for their potential in the treatment of oral bacterial infections using in vitro and computational tools. A detailed analysis of the drug-likeness and physicochemical properties of all constituents was performed. Molecular docking studies revealed that the binding free energy of a Carbopol 940 and eugenol complex was −2.0 kcal/mol, of a Carbopol 940-anisaldehyde complex was −1.9 kcal/mol, and a Carbapol 940-eugenol-anisaldehyde complex was −3.4 kcal/mol. Molecular docking was performed against transcriptional regulator genes 2XCT, 1JIJ, 2Q0P, 4M81, and 3QPI. Eugenol cinnamaldehyde and cineol presented strong interaction with targets. The essential oils were analyzed against Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis isolated from the oral cavity of diabetic patients. The cinnamon and clove essential oil combination presented significant minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) (0.0625/0.0312 mg/mL) against S. epidermidis and S. aureus (0.0156/0.0078 mg/mL). In the anti-quorum sensing activity, the cinnamon and clove oil combination presented moderate inhibition (8 mm) against Chromobacterium voilaceum with substantial violacein inhibition (58% ± 1.2%). Likewise, a significant biofilm inhibition was recorded in the case of S. aureus (82.1% ± 0.21%) and S. epidermidis (84.2% ± 1.3%) in combination. It was concluded that a clove and cinnamon essential oil-based formulation could be employed to prepare a stable nanocomposite, and Carbapol 940 could be used as a compatible biopolymer.
Cheminformatics-based identification of phosphorylated RET tyrosine kinase inhibitors for human cancer
Authors: Talukder Md. Enamul Kabir , Aktaruzzaman Md. , Siddiquee Noimul Hasan , Islam Sabrina , Wani Tanveer A. , Alkahtani Hamad M. , Zargar Seema , Raihan Md. Obayed , Rahman Md. Mashiar , Pokhrel Sushil , Ahammad Foysal
Published: July 2024

Background

Rearranged during transfection (RET), an oncogenic protein, is associated with various cancers, including non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), pancreatic cancer, medullary thyroid cancer (MTC), breast cancer, and colorectal cancer. Dysregulation of RET contributes to cancer development, highlighting the importance of identifying lead compounds targeting this protein due to its pivotal role in cancer progression. Therefore, this study aims to discover effective lead compounds targeting RET across different cancer types and evaluate their potential to inhibit cancer progression.

Methods

This study used a range of computational techniques, including Phase database creation, high-throughput virtual screening (HTVS), molecular docking, molecular mechanics with generalized Born surface area (MM-GBSA) solvation, assessment of pharmacokinetic (PK) properties, and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, to identify potential lead compounds targeting RET.

Results

Initially, a high-throughput virtual screening of the ZINC database identified 2,550 compounds from a pool of 170,269. Subsequent molecular docking studies revealed 10 compounds with promising negative binding scores ranging from −8.458 to −7.791 kcal/mol. MM-GBSA analysis further confirmed the potential of four compounds to exhibit negative binding scores. MD simulations demonstrated the stability of CID 95842900, CID 137030374, CID 124958150, and CID 110126793 with the target receptors.

Conclusion

These findings suggest that these selected four compounds have the potential to inhibit phosphorylated RET (pRET) tyrosine kinase activity and may represent promising candidates for the treatment of various cancers.
Enhanced atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E knockout rabbits: role of apoB48-rich remnant lipoproteins
Authors: Niimi Manabu , Chen Yajie , Zhao Huanyu , Tang Xiangming , Matsuhisa Fumikazu , Zhou Huanjin , Yan Haizhao , Chen Lu , Kitajima Shuji , Sato Akira , Fan Jianglin
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Apolipoprotein E (apoE) acts as a binding molecule for both the low-density lipoprotein receptor and the lipoprotein receptor-related protein and this function is essential for facilitating the hepatocyte uptake of lipoproteins containing apoB. The absence of apoE leads to increased atherogenicity in both humans and mice, although the precise molecular mechanisms remain incompletely understood.

Objectives

This study aimed to investigate the susceptibility of apoE knockout (KO) rabbits, in comparison with wild-type (WT) rabbits, to diet-induced hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis.

Methods

ApoE KO rabbits and WT rabbits were fed a diet containing 0.3% cholesterol for 16 weeks. Plasma lipid levels, lipoproteins, and apolipoproteins were analyzed. Atherosclerosis was evaluated at the endpoint of experiments. In addition, we evaluated the oxidizability of those lipoproteins containing apoB to investigate the possible mechanisms of atherosclerosis.

Results

Male apoE KO rabbits showed significantly elevated levels of total cholesterol and triglycerides compared to WT rabbits, while female apoE KO rabbits displayed similar high total cholesterol levels, albeit with significantly higher triglycerides levels than WT controls. Notably, both male (2.1-fold increase) and female (1.6-fold increase) apoE KO rabbits exhibited a significantly augmented aortic lesion area compared to WT controls. Pathological examination showed that the increased intimal lesions in apoE KO rabbits were featured by heightened infiltration of macrophages (2.7-fold increase) and smooth muscle cells (2.5-fold increase). Furthermore, coronary atherosclerotic lesions were also increased by 1.3-fold in apoE KO rabbits. Lipoprotein analysis revealed that apoB48-rich beta-very-low-density lipoproteins were notably abundant in apoE KO rabbits, suggesting that these remnant lipoproteins of intestinal origin serve as the primary atherogenic lipoproteins. Moreover, apoB48-rich remnant lipoproteins isolated from apoE KO rabbits exhibited heightened susceptibility to copper-induced oxidation.

Conclusions

The findings indicate that apoB48-rich remnant lipoproteins, resulting from apoE deficiency, possess greater atherogenic potential than apoB100-rich remnant lipoproteins, regardless of plasma TC levels.
Participation in non-formal adult education within the European context: examining multilayer approach
Authors: Vaculíková Jitka , Kalenda Jan , Kočvarová Ilona
Published: July 2024

Participation in non-formal adult education (NFE) is considered an essential part of lifelong learning, aiming to foster the development of individuals and societies. This significance is particularly evident today, given the era of extensive digitalization and disruptive technological advances. Nevertheless, not all adults participate in organized learning and have equal chances. Therefore, this study addresses the absence of up-to-date comparative findings on participation in NFE in the post-COVID-19 world. To this end, we examine current trends in NFE participation in four European countries: Sweden, Germany, the United Kingdom, and the Czech Republic (RQ1), where we explore the impact of key micro (social and behavioral), meso (job-related), and macro-level (country-specific) factors on this participation (RQ2). Our findings indicate that NFE participation remained relatively stable in 2022 compared to 2016, except for Sweden and Germany, which achieved higher participation rates. However, differences in participation between countries are diminishing. Simultaneously, NFE participation is becoming increasingly job-oriented and receives more support from employers. However, it is important to note that inequality in access to NFE persists, as the main predictors of NFE participation, such as learning intentions, educational attainment, economic and occupational status, remain consistent, regardless of the participants’ economic activity and country of birth. This underscores the enduring significance of a key concept behind this study: the willingness to engage in organized NFE exhibits a complex structure with multiple layers.
Towards an enhanced understanding of osteoanabolic effects of PTH-induced microRNAs on osteoblasts using a bioinformatic approach
Authors: Vrščaj Lucija Ana , Marc Janja , Ostanek Barbara
Published: July 2024

In this study, we used a bioinformatic approach to construct a miRNA-target gene interaction network potentially involved in the anabolic effect of parathyroid hormone analogue teriparatide [PTH (1–34)] on osteoblasts. We extracted a dataset of 26 microRNAs (miRNAs) from previously published studies and predicted miRNA target interactions (MTIs) using four software tools: DIANA, miRWalk, miRDB, and TargetScan. By constructing an interactome of PTH-regulated miRNAs and their predicted target genes, we elucidated signaling pathways regulating pluripotency of stem cells, the Hippo signaling pathway, and the TGF-beta signaling pathway as the most significant pathways in the effects of PTH on osteoblasts. Furthermore, we constructed intersection of MTI networks for these three pathways and added validated interactions. There are 8 genes present in all three selected pathways and a set of 18 miRNAs are predicted to target these genes, according to literature data. The most important genes in all three pathways were BMPR1A, BMPR2 and SMAD2 having the most interactions with miRNAs. Among these miRNAs, only miR-146a-5p and miR-346 have validated interactions in these pathways and were shown to be important regulators of these pathways. In addition, we also propose miR-551b-5p and miR-338–5p for further experimental validation, as they have been predicted to target important genes in these pathways but none of their target interactions have yet been verified. Our wet-lab experiment on miRNAs differentially expressed between PTH (1–34) treated and untreated mesenchymal stem cells supports miR-186–5p from the literature obtained data as another prominent miRNA. The meticulous selection of miRNAs outlined will significantly support and guide future research aimed at discovering and understanding the crucial pathways of osteoanabolic PTH-epigenetic effects on osteoblasts. Additionally, they hold potential for the discovery of new PTH target genes, innovative biomarkers for the effectiveness and safety of osteoporosis-affected treatment, as well as novel therapeutic targets.
Long-term use of rituximab increases T cell count in MS patients
Authors: Björnsson Gunnar Sigfús , Sigurgrímsdóttir Hildur , Maggadóttir Sólrún Melkorka , Einarsdóttir Berglind Ósk , Sveinsson Ólafur Árni , Hjaltason Haukur , Sigurðardóttir Sigurveig Þóra , Lúðvíksson Björn Rúnar , Brynjólfsson Siggeir Fannar
Published: July 2024

Rituximab has been used to treat MS patients in Iceland for over a decade. However, long-term effect of rituximab on leukocyte populations has not yet been elucidated. By retrospective analysis of flow cytometric data from 349 patients visiting the neurological ward at The National University Hospital of Iceland from 2012 to 2023 for rituximab treatment, the long-term effect of rituximab and whether the effect was dose dependent (1000mg vs 500mg) was evaluated. No difference was detected in efficacy of B cell depletion in patients treated with 500mg as an initial dose of rituximab when compared to 1000mg. Long-term use of rituximab led to an increase in T cell count (p=0,0015) in patients receiving 3-8 doses of rituximab (1.5-8 years of treatment). The increase occurred in both CD4+ (p=0,0028) and CD8+ T cells (p=0,0015) and led to a decrease in the CD4/CD8 ratio (p=0,004). The most notable difference lies in reshaping the balance between näive and effector CD8+ T cells. The clinical implications of long-term treatment with rituximab and its effect on the T cell pool needs to be explored further. Since no difference in B cell depletion was detected between the two patient groups, 1000mg as an initial dose might be excessive, suggesting a personalized dosing regimen might have therapeutic and financial advantages.
FlowAtlas: an interactive tool for high-dimensional immunophenotyping analysis bridging FlowJo with computational tools in Julia
Authors: Coppard Valerie , Szep Grisha , Georgieva Zoya , Howlett Sarah K. , Jarvis Lorna B. , Rainbow Daniel B. , Suchanek Ondrej , Needham Edward J. , Mousa Hani S. , Menon David K. , Feyertag Felix , Mahbubani Krishnaa T. , Saeb-Parsy Kourosh , Jones Joanne L.
Published: July 2024

As the dimensionality, throughput and complexity of cytometry data increases, so does the demand for user-friendly, interactive analysis tools that leverage high-performance machine learning frameworks. Here we introduce FlowAtlas: an interactive web application that enables dimensionality reduction of cytometry data without down-sampling and that is compatible with datasets stained with non-identical panels. FlowAtlas bridges the user-friendly environment of FlowJo and computational tools in Julia developed by the scientific machine learning community, eliminating the need for coding and bioinformatics expertise. New population discovery and detection of rare populations in FlowAtlas is intuitive and rapid. We demonstrate the capabilities of FlowAtlas using a human multi-tissue, multi-donor immune cell dataset, highlighting key immunological findings. FlowAtlas is available at https://github.com/gszep/FlowAtlas.jl.git.
Imbalance of Th17 cells, Treg cells and associated cytokines in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: a meta-analysis
Authors: Huang Jinge , Li Xiaolong , Zhu Qingmiao , Wang Meijiao , Xie Zhijun , Zhao Ting
Published: July 2024

Objective

This article aims to investigate the changes of T helper 17 (Th17) cells, regulatory T (Treg) cells and their associated cytokines in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

Methods

Multiple databases were investigated to identify articles that explored Th17 cells, Treg cells and relevant cytokines in SLE patients. A random effects model was used for calculating pooled standardized mean differences. Stata version 15.0 was utilized to conduct the meta-analysis.

Results

The levels of Th17 cells, IL-17, IL-6, IL-21 and IL-10 were higher in SLE patients than in healthy controls (HCs), but the TGF-β levels were lower. The percentage of Treg cells was lower than HCs in SLE individuals older than 33. Among studies that had 93% or lower females, the percentage of Th17 cells was greater in patients than in HCs. However, the percentage of Treg cells was lower when the proportion of females was less than 90%. Patients with lupus nephritis or active SLE had an increased proportion of Th17 cells and a decreased proportion of Treg cells.

Conclusions

The increased level of Th17 cells and related cytokines could be the main reason for the elevated Th17/Treg ratio in SLE. The percentages of Th17 and Treg cells were associated with gender, age, disease activity and kidney function. Furthermore, the reduced proportions of Treg cells may primarily result in a rise in the Th17/Treg ratio in older or active SLE patients.

Systematic Review Registration

https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero, identifier CRD42023454937.
Biogeographic variation in environmental and biotic resistance modifies predicted risk of marine invasions by ships
Authors: Bonfim Mariana , Bunson Samuel L. , Sellers Andrew J. , Torchin Mark E. , Ruiz Gregory M. , Freestone Amy L.
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Global shipping has accelerated the spread of non-native species. Factors such as environmental filtering and interactions with local biota can affect invasion likelihood, yet their relative contribution to predicting invasion risk remains unresolved. To test how abiotic filters and an experimentally-derived measure of biotic resistance interact with propagule pressure, we developed an integrated model to evaluate their relative effects on invasion risk of marine biofouling organisms to different focal port regions. We predicted that environmental filtering impacts invasion risk when fewer but stronger connections are part of the network. Further, predation is a mechanism of biotic resistance, which can reduce invasion risk, with most pronounced effects predicted in the tropics that decline at higher latitudes.

Methods

We examined shipping traffic and predation impact at three coastal bioregions spanning 47-degrees of latitude al range in the Northeast Pacific (Alaska, California, and Panama). We used vessel traffic databases to characterize propagule pressure and construct a worldwide port network of marine shipping routes and ports. Environmental resistance was estimated using temperature and salinity data from donor and recipient regions. We further used standardized predator exposure experiments to quantify predation impact on fouling community biomass as an estimate of potential for biotic resistance. We then expanded on existing models of relative invasion risk to incorporate the probability that propagules will survive predation by local predators and overcome environmental filtering to generate a predicted invasion risk for each port.

Results

Environmental filtering in all regions and predation pressure in the tropics worked to reduce the invasion risk, resulting in markedly different cumulative risk profiles over time among regions.

Discussion

In an increasingly connected world with more vessel traffic, our results highlight that while the number and distribution of shipping routes are important to understand risk, abiotic and biotic filters can modify model predictions.
Serum uric acid and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels among people living with HIV on dolutegravir and ritonavir-boosted atazanavir-based antiretroviral therapy: a comparative cross-sectional study
Authors: Waritu Nuredin Chura , Nair Suresh Kumar P. , Usure Rashed Edris , Jemal Mohammed
Published: July 2024

Background

After the introduction of antiretroviral therapy, the care given to people living with HIV has become complicated by the appearance of comorbidities as a result of HIV and HAART toxicities, in which cardiovascular disease got the most attention. So, this study aimed to assess serum uric acid and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels among people living with HIV on dolutegravir (DTG) and ritonavir-boosted atazanavir (ATV/r)-based therapy.

Methods

An institutional-based comparative cross-sectional study was conducted from November 4, 2021, to January 4, 2022. An equal number of dolutegravir- and ritonavir-boosted atazanavir-treated patients (n = 86 each) were enrolled. A consecutive sampling method was used to select participants. Data were entered into Epidata version 4.6, exported to SPSS version 25.0, and analyzed using Chi-square, Student’s t-test, Mann–Whitney U-test, and logistic regression. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.

Results

The prevalence of hyperuricemia and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels ≥2 mg/L were 46.5% (40/86) and 24.4% (21/86) in the DTG group, and 30.2% (26/86) and 44.2 (38/86) in the ATV/r group, respectively. When compared to ATV/r, a higher mean level of uric acid was found among DTG-based regimens (5.38 mg/dL). Duration of ART (AOR = 2, 95% CI: 1.2, 4.4) and DTG-based regimen (AOR = 1.9, 95% CI: 1.04, 3.8) were significant predictors of developing hyperuricemia. ATV/r-based regimen (AOR = 3, 95% CI: 1.5, 8.3) and high waist circumference (AOR = 2.5, 95% CI: 1, 3.5) were significantly associated with increased high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels.

Conclusion

It is observed that DTG-based and ATV/r-based ART are associated with hyperuricemia and increased high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels, respectively. Therefore, it is important to consider and evaluate serum uric acid and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels in patients taking DTG and ATV/r-based ART, as well as among those on HAART for years and with a higher waist circumference, so as to detect and prevent early the risk of having CVD.
Casual effects of telomere length on sarcoidosis: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization analysis
Authors: Zhu Shiben , Hao Ziyu , Chen Qihang , Liu Xiaoliu , Wu Wenyan , Luo Yanping , Zhang Fang
Published: July 2024

Background

Telomere length, crucial for genomic stability, have been implicated in various inflamm-aging diseases, but their role in sarcoidosis remains unexplored.

Objective

This study aims to explore the casual effects between TL and sarcoidosis via a bidirectional Mendelian Randomization (MR) study.

Methods

We examined single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with TL and sarcoidosis, utilizing available open-access genome-wide association study (GWAS) databases from the UK Biobank and FinnGen. We employed five MR techniques, including Inverse Variance Weighted (IVW), MR Egger, weighted median (WM), Robust adjusted profile score (RAPS), and Maximum likelihood, to assess causal relationships and explore pleiotropy.

Results

Summary data extracted from GWAS datasets of TL (n = 472,174) and (n = 217,758) of European ancestry. Employing 130 SNPs with genome-wide significance as instrumental factors for TL, we detect a significant negative correlation between TL and sarcoidosis (OR: 0.682, 95% confidence interval: 0.524–0.888, p: 0.0045). Similarly, utilizing 6 SNPs with genome-wide significance as instrumental factors for sarcoidosis, we fail to identify a noteworthy association between sarcoidosis and TL (OR: 0.992, 95% confidence interval: 0.979–1.005, p: 0.2424).

Conclusion

Our results suggest that longer telomeres may reduce the risk of sarcoidosis, highlighting TL as a potential biomarker for diagnosis and long-term monitoring. Understanding the critical role of telomere shortening enables more effective focus on diagnosing, treating, and curing sarcoidosis linked to telomeres. Clinical investigations into treatments that enhance TL are warranted.
Consistent prokaryotic community patterns along the radial root axis of two Zea mays L. landraces across two distinct field locations
Authors: Tyborski Nicolas , Koehler Tina , Steiner Franziska A. , Tung Shu-Yin , Wild Andreas J. , Carminati Andrea , Mueller Carsten W. , Vidal Alix , Wolfrum Sebastian , Pausch Johanna , Lueders Tillmann
Published: July 2024

The close interconnection of plants with rhizosphere- and root-associated microorganisms is well recognized, and high expectations are raised for considering their symbioses in the breeding of future crop varieties. However, it is unclear how consistently plant-mediated selection, a potential target in crop breeding, influences microbiome members compared to selection imposed by the agricultural environment. Landraces may have traits shaping their microbiome, which were lost during the breeding of modern varieties, but knowledge about this is scarce. We investigated prokaryotic community composition along the radial root axis of two European maize (Zea mays L.) landraces. A sampling gradient included bulk soil, a distal and proximal rhizosphere fraction, and the root compartment. Our study was replicated at two field locations with differing edaphic and climatic conditions. Further, we tested for differences between two plant developmental stages and two precipitation treatments. Community data were generated by metabarcoding of the V4 SSU rRNA region. While communities were generally distinct between field sites, the effects of landrace variety, developmental stage, and precipitation treatment were comparatively weak and not statistically significant. Under all conditions, patterns in community composition corresponded strongly to the distance to the root. Changes in α- and β-diversity, as well as abundance shifts of many taxa along this gradient, were similar for both landraces and field locations. Most affected taxa belonged to a core microbiome present in all investigated samples. Remarkably, we observed consistent enrichment of Actinobacteriota (particularly Streptomyces, Lechevalieria) and Pseudomonadota (particularly Sphingobium) toward the root. Further, we report a depletion of ammonia-oxidizers along this axis at both field sites. We identified clear enrichment and depletion patterns in microbiome composition along the radial root axis of Z. mays. Many of these were consistent across two distinct field locations, plant developmental stages, precipitation treatments, and for both landraces. This suggests a considerable influence of plant-mediated effects on the microbiome. We propose that the affected taxa have key roles in the rhizosphere and root microbiome of Z. mays. Understanding the functions of these taxa appears highly relevant for the development of methods aiming to promote microbiome services for crops.