bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH SENAM TERHADAP PENURUNAN KADAR GULA DARAH PADA PENDERITA DM TIPE 2 DI PUSKESMAS PAKIS SURABAYA
Authors: Wijayanti Lono , Anggun M Ghady
Published: November 2018

The type of sport suggested for Diabetes Mellitus patient is Diabetes Gym, but most societies, especially diabetes mellitus patients are lazy to do it. On diabetes mellitus type 2, diabetes gym acts as glycemic control which manages and control blood sugar rate. This research purposes to know diabetes gym influence toward the decrease of blood sugar rate on Diabetes Mellitus patient type 2 in Puskesmas Pakis Surabaya. This research used quasy experiment design. Total of the population of all Diabetes Mellitus patients type 2 is 28 respondents taken by probability sampling - simple random sampling technique; 14 respondents in control group and 14 respondents in treatment group. The independent variable is Diabetes Gym and the dependent variable is the decrease of blood sugar rate. Data are collected by using Glucometer, striptest, needle and observation sheet. Data are analyzed by using Wilcoxon signed rank test with α < 0.05. The result of this research shows that almost all of the respondents in the treatment group have a good category of blood sugar decrease after performing gym, meanwhile almost all of the respondents in control group that do not perform gym have an adequate category of blood sugar decrease. Then, the result is analyzed by Wilcoxon signed rank test and obtained ρ (0,019) < α (0,05) so H0 is refused. It means that there is an influence of diabetes gym to the decrease of blood sugar on the Diabetes Mellitus patients type 2 in Puskesmas Pakis Surabaya. Performing Diabetes Gym influences in decreasing blood sugar rate. Therefore, nurse can take a part in leading diabetes patients to perform diabetes gym so it can be used as the therapy in controlling and decreasing blood sugar rate.
SENAM LANSIA MEMPENGARUHI TEKANAN DARAH LANSIA DI PUSKESMAS KEBONSARI SURABAYA
Authors: Hatmanti Nety Mawarda , Pratiwi Diyah
Published: November 2018

Hypertension is the most dominant disease whose cases are increasing to all over the world, happening especially to the elderly. The correct prevention and treatment can decrease Hypertension. One of the non-pharmacological treatments for Hypertension is the physical activity, such as the gymnastics for the elderly. The routine gymnastics will affect on the blood circulation, which will increase the function of heart so that the blood will be pumped to all over the body and finally decrease the blood pressure. The design of research was analytic-cross sectional.The population involved 63 elderly visiting Posyandu (Integrated Health Post) for the elderly in which 40 elderly were taken as the samples by using simple random sampling technique. The data were analyzed by using Chi-square statistic test with the significance level α = 0,05. The result of research showed the significant change on the blood pressure of the elderly who have actively done the gymnastics (ρ < 0,002). This research showed a relationship between the gymnastics for the elderly and the blood pressure of the elderly. In conclusion, the health workers at Puskesmas (Community Health Center) are expected to be more active in conducting the gymnastics for the elderly routinely so that they can get maximum result. Moreover, the community nurses should give information about benefits of gymnastics to the elderly so that they will get motivated to do it routinely.
GAMBARAN STATUS GIZI ANAK KELAS VI DI SEKOLAH DASAR MIFTAKHUL ULUM SURABAYA
Authors: Herdiani Novera , Afridah Wiwik
Published: November 2018

Abstract: Background, nutritional status is a description of balance between the need of nutrientsfor keeping a good life, to maintenance normal body function also energy production in one sideand the consumption of nutrients in the other. Children in elementary school are the best target forimprovement of community nutrition because in the childhood the function of the brain organbegan to form so the development of intelligence is quite rapid. Lack of nutritional intake inchildren can inhibit the physical growth and thinking ability in children and subsequently reduce inlearning interest. Therefore the nutritional status of the children must detect immediately to carryout the preventive measurements. Objective, the purpose of this study is to know the nutritionalstatus of children at grade VI in elementary school Miftakhul Ulum Surabaya based on height andweight. Methods, this study is a quantitative descriptive using survey method, weighting indexinstrument by height in children aged 6–17 years old from Health Department in 2011. This studyused the measurement of body weight and height. Subjects of this study were all students at grade VIin elementary school Miftakhul Ulum Surabaya, which amount 81 children. Data collecting techniques use anthropometric measurements which include measurement of body weight and heightthen calculated base of data analysis techniques using quantitative descriptive with percentage.Result, study results showed most of the students were 12 years old (56.80%), mostly male (55.60%).most of them have body height 130–140 cm (37.00%), and body weight 31–40 kg (46,90%). Malechildren have more problems with their nutritional status (51.10%). Male children much oftenhave underweight and over weight (13.30%) than girls. By the increasing their age, their BMI willbe normal category (100%). By the age of 13 and 14 years old, the children will not have underweight (0%). Conclusion, based on the nutritional status of all children at grade VI, it can beconcluded that the nutritional status of children at grade VI in elementary school Miftakhul UlumSurabaya is in underweight category (very thin and lean) with percentage 56.80%. While the normal weight percentage 32.10%, and over weight (fat and obesity) with percentage 11.10%.
THE DIFFERENT EFFECTS OF ZINC SUPPLEMENT AND VELVET BEAN MUCUNA PRURIENS EXTRACTS TOWARD FERTILITY OF BALBC/ MICE
Authors: Kurniasanti Pradipta Pradipta , Rahfiludin M Zen , Winarni Sri
Published: November 2018

Abstract: Good quality velvet beans and zinc supplement are well studied and known as rich source ofaphrodisiac. The following reseach was carried out to study the difference effect of zinc supplement (ZS)and velvet bean extracts (VBE) towards fertility of BALB/c mice i.e the number of sperm, the motility ofsperm, the viability of sperm, the morphology of sperm, the existence of vagina plug, and the birthcondition of mice. This study was an experiment using Posttest Only Controlled Group Design with threegroups. The first group (A1) as control, the second group (A2) receives subcutaneous injection of 2-methoxyethanol fraction as much as 200 mg/kg weight/day for 5 days, followed with ZS at a dosage of0,026 mg/day/head, and the third group (A3) receives subcutaneous injection of 2-methoxyethanolfraction as much as 200 mg/kg weight/day for 5 days, followed with VBE at a dosage of 56 mg/kg weight/day for 30 days. The quality of spermatozoa of A1, A2, and A3 was significant difference (p < 0.05).Both of A2 and A3 were no significant difference of mean number of sperm (p = 0.274), mean percentageof sperm motility (p = 0.739), mean percentage of sperm viability (p = 0.141) and mean value ofmorphology of sperm (p = 0.394). The quality of spermatozoa and the total number of baby mice livedand died of A1, A2 and A3 were significant difference. In addition, there was no significant differencein the existence of female mice's vaginal plug of A1, A2 and A3. This study showed that ZS and VBE canincrease the quality of spermatozoa of BALB/C mice.
HUBUNGAN DUKUNGAN KELUARGA DENGAN PEMBERIAN ASI EKSKLUSIF DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS SIDOSERMO SURABAYA
Authors: Mutiarani Anugrah Linda
Published: November 2018

Objective to know the family support with Exclusive Breastfeeding in the working area of Sidosermo Public Health Service Surabaya. Materials and methods this study is analytic observational. Using cross sectional approach. Consist of 21 samples taken using purposive sampling method at Margorejo and Sidosermo Sub-district. The independent variable is family support, while the dependent variable is exclusive breastfeeding. To know the relationship of family support and Exclusive breast feeding, Chi Square statistic test, with significance limit, p value <0,05. Results there was a significant relationship (p = 0.027) between family support and exclusive breastfeeding. Conclusion there is a relationship between family support and Exclusive Breastfeeding in Margorejo and Sidosermo Sub-district.
HUBUNGAN MOTIVASI, PERSEPSI, DAN PENGETAHUAN IBU PADA MASA KEHAMILAN DAN PEMBERIAN AIR SUSU IBU
Authors: Nandini Nurhasmadiar
Published: November 2018

In Indonesia, the coverage of infants that get breastfeeding exclusively were still low. In 2013, the average coverage of exclusive breastfeeding in Indonesia was 54,3%. Surabaya, in East Java Province, is one of the city with low coverage of exclusive breastfeeding. The average of babies who got exclusively breastfeeding in Surabaya since 2012 – 2015 were 63,13%, still below the target of Health Ministry. This research conducted to analyze the relationship between motivation, perception, and knowledge of pregnant women and breastfeeding practice. The respondent of the research was pregnant woman and the study continued until they are giving birth. Sample size was 79 mothers in East Surabaya. Result showed that majority mothers have high motivation to breastfeed, positive perception related to breast milk, low knowledge about breastfeeding, and they already give breastmilk only for their babies during the first week. Conclusion was there was no significant relationship between motivation, perception, and knowledge towards breastfeeding practice. This is caused by there were a lot of factors that influenced directly or indirectly towards mothers decisionand practice to breasfeed or not.
ANALISIS PENGARUH KOORDINASI INTRA-ORGANIZATIONAL TERHADAP KINERJA PUSKESMAS DALAM PROGRAM PEMANTAUAN PERTUMBUHAN DAN PERKEMBANGAN BALITA (Studi di Puskesmas Kabupaten Banjar)
Authors: Azwari Ayu Riana Sari
Published: November 2018

Data of toddler with underweight in Puskesmas Banjar from 2011 to 2014 has increased. Thenational target for toddlers with underweight is <5% and the target area for toddlers withunderweight is <1.5%. In national target, the increase is still below the target of 3.25%. However,when compared with the target area, the percentage of children under five with underweight at thePuskesmas Kabupaten Banjar Martapura is still a problem. This study aims to analyze the influenceof intra-organizational coordination on the performance of Puskesmas in growth and developmentchildhood program. This research is a quantitative research with analytic observational approach.The sample of research is 18 Puskesmas. The number of respondents from this study amounted to 126people spread in 18 Puskesmas. So the information from each puskesmas obtained from 7respondents. The results of the study were analyzed based on the type of dependency theory ofThompson and coordination mechanisms theory of Mintzberg. The result of the research shows thatcoordination adjustment has an effect on performance. This means that if the type of dependence inaccordance with the coordination mechanism, it will have a positive impact on the resultingperformance. The results of this study prove the theory of coordination by Shortell, coordination is aconscious activity to unite and harmonize different potentials so that it can function harmoniously toachieve organizational goals. In this research, the coordination is operationalized to unify theactivities implemented by the involved sections in the Puskesmas to achieve the optimal performanceof growth and development childhood program.
PERSEPSI TERHADAP PELAYANAN OPERASI LASIK DI RUMAH SAKIT MATA MASYARAKAT JAWA TIMUR
Authors: Ratnaningsih Elly
Published: November 2018

Visiting of lasik surgery patients at Eye Hospital of East Java in 2016 is quite low (9%) whilein 2017 increased (10%) but still below target. Such low achievements are likely to be influenced byconsumer perceptions of lasik surgery services. This study aims to assess the community perceptionof lasik surgery services Eye Hospital of East Java. Assessment of perception includes price, people,process and physical evidence. This study shows that respondents' perceptions of lasik surgery ratesare cheaper than those in other hospitals. Overall perception of officers and service process lasiksurgery is good. While the perception of respondents to the physical appearance has not been good,because respondents feel not satisfied with hospital facilities. This research recommends innovationin marketing efforts lasik surgery service and hospital management need to improve infrastructurefacilities.
Effect of Exhaust Gas on Natural Stone Tablets, a Laboratory Experiment
Authors: Farkas Orsolya , Török Ákos
Published: November 2018

8 different natural stone types were exposed to exhaust gas under laboratory conditions to assess urban stone damage. 3 cm in diameter cylindrical test specimens were made from travertine, non-porous limestone, limestone, rhyolite tuff, sandstone, andesite, granite and marble. The samples were exposed for 1, 2, 4 and 8 hours to exhaust gas that was generated by compression ignition internal combustion engine. The exhaust emission was measured. The operating conditions of the engine were documented and several parameters (weight, density, ultrasonic pulse velocity, capillary water absorption, porosity) were measured before and after exhaust gas exposure. The tests indicate that despite the deposition of soot on the surface a significant material loss was recorded at rhyolite tuff (2m%) and at andesite (1m%). The penetration depth of soot was also different for different lithologies. A correlation was found between the ultrasonic pulse velocity and density of tested stones.
Use of Social Media by the Undergraduate Medical Students: Students’ Perception in Selected Medical Colleges of Bangladesh
Authors: Begum Husneara , Asaduzzaman AKM , Talukder Humayun Kabir , Nargis Tahmina , Alam Kazi Khairul , Asadullah Md
Published: November 2018

Introduction: This descriptive type of cross sectional study was carried out to explore the extent of use of social media by the undergraduate medical students and its consequences in medical education. This study was carried out in nine (Four public and five private) medical colleges all over Bangladesh during a period from July 2016-2017.Objective: The study revealed that the use of social media by the undergraduate medical students and its effect on their lifestyle and medical education.Methodology: Sample size was 673 medical students. Data was collected by self-administered semi-structured questionnaire from 673 respondents. Convenience sampling technique was adopted for data collection. For each variable frequency and percentages was calculated. There was also a part of in-depth interview for the respondents on the perception of use of Social media.Results: Among the students 54.68% females & 45.34% males, the mean age of the respondents was 20.76 years. Around 42.6% respondents were using Social media for4-6 years. The main use of social media by the respondents was Facebook 70.1%, main devices was mobile phone 96.8%. The main purpose of using the Social media for non-academic purposes such as, communicate with others26.0%, for chatting 51.3%. Maxium duration > 4 times / day up to >6 hours. Academic purpose 44.7% users using the SM every day. Six hundred forty six respondents agreed for negative effect of social media. 52.2% agreed that they used Social media during lecture class.Conclusion: Most students had positive thoughts towards using social media. Students were using social media for almost nonprofessional reason. So, there is need to build up widespread awareness to use social media by medical students for professionalisms.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Education Vol.9(2) 2018: 11-15
How Practice of Peer Assisted Learning Facilitates Better Learning among the Dental Students of Bangladesh
Authors: Rahman ABM Rizwanur , Faruque Mohammad , Alam Kazi Khairul , Tasnim Sanjida , Azeez Mezbah Ul
Published: November 2018

Peer assisted learning (PAL) is a common feature of medical education. PAL in the clinical setting, a complex learning environment, requires fresh evaluation. Socio-cultural theory is proposed as a means to understand educational interventions in ways that are practical and meaningful. This descriptive type of cross sectional study entitled practice of peer assisted learning among students in selected undergraduate dental colleges of Bangladesh was conducted in four Government and four non-Government dental colleges. The objective of this study was to explore the views of teachers and students regarding the benefits of practicing peer assisted learning. Sample size was 437 (407 students and 30 teachers). Data was collected from students with a self-administered semi-structured questionnaire and from dental teachers with indepth interview schedule. Data was analyzed by using SPSS 19. Most of the students opined that PAL method increased their knowledge. In the study most of the teacher said that PAL increased the confidence of the students and enhanced the conception about the topics. Teachers also said PAL developed good behavior of the students and also developed helping approach to others. This study finding showed that PAL method was very effective in higher education courses. So we should encourage the students and the teachers about the method.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Education Vol.9(2) 2018: 16-18
Introducing Training on Doctor-Patient Communication Skill among the Pre-Intern Physicians: A Suggested Model
Authors: Khanom Mehrunnissa , Ata Maliha , Khair Rummana , Ghose Aniruddha , Faiz MA
Published: November 2018

Proper doctor-patient communication produces therapeutic benefit on the patient. The arts and tips of communication skill can change the feelings of a patient forever. Good communication skill should have verbal, non-verbal and para-verbal components. Unfortunately, many postgraduate doctors of our country cannot satisfy the demand of their patients due to lack of training on communication skills. In this paper, a model for communication skill training has been proposed for newly graduated doctors which includes formal lecture, video demonstration, role play and evaluation by creating different scenarios. The selected time for communication skill training would be the time gap between publication of result of final professional MBBS and starting the internship training. With increasing demand of creating more communicative physicians, implementation and further recommendations on communication skill training for new graduates are encouraged.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Education Vol.9(2) 2018: 32-36
Vitamin D supplementation in pregnancy: How much is optimal?
Authors: Kerai Salima
Published: November 2018

Abstract not availableSouth East Asia Journal of Public Health Vol.7(2) 2017: 1-2
JNC 8 and Need for Our Own Hypertension Guideline
Authors: Haque M Zahirul
Published: November 2018

Abstract not available
Association of Metabolic Factors with Essential Hypertension
Authors: Khandaker N Rahman , Akhtaruzzaman - , Mahfuz K Rahat , Khandakar AR , Khan MMR , Rahman M Khalilur
Published: November 2018

Background-Metabolic syndrome is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, so it should call attention. South Asian person has preponderance to it.

Objectives-The proper findings of metabolic syndrome are a key to prevent cardiovascular disease. Hypertension is a component of metabolic syndrome with which patients are at increased risk for cardiovascular disease.

Methods-This study was carried out in cardiology outdoor of Shaheed Suhrawardy medical college hospital, Dhaka. A total of 322 patients were enrolled from January 2008 to December 2010. Metabolic syndrome was defined as three of the followings: (a) Abnormal fasting serum level of glucose (≥110 mg/dl or 6.1 mmol/L), ( b) abdominal obesity (waist circumference >102 cm in men and >88 cm in women), (c) Triglycerides (≥150 mg/dl), (d) High density lipoprotein cholesterol (<40 mg/dl in men and <50 mg/dl in woman), (e) Hypertension, which was common in all patients.

Results- Among hypertensive’s patients 31.8% had hyperglycemia, 37.9% had high waist circumference, 69.8% had low HDL cholesterol and 54.3% high triglycerides. As per definition of NCEP-ATP-III, metabolic syndrome had been detected in 17% of male, 37% of female and 27% of the total population.

Conclusion- Metabolic factors are a common association in hypertensive cases. These patients are at increased risk of coronary and cerebro-vascular disease and require more vigorous prevention. Furthermore in all hypertensive patients metabolic screening is recommended.

TAJ 2011; 24(1): 21-25
Refractory Asthma : An Overview
Authors: Hasan AMS , Hossain MM , Mia MSA , Mahmood Iftekhar
Published: November 2018

Patients whose asthma is not adequately controlled despite treatment pose a major clinical challenge and it is an important health care problem. It carries several names; each one points to an aspect of the disease. Chronic severe asthma, steroid-dependent asthma, steroid-resistant asthma, difficult-to-control asthma and refractory asthma are some of these terminologies. Patients with severe refractory disease often require regular oral corticosteroid with an increased risk of steroid-related adverse events. Alternatively, immunomodulatory and biologic therapies may be considered, but they show wide variation in efficacy across studies, thus limiting their generalization. Managing asthma that is refractory to standard treatment requires a systematic approach to evaluate adherence, ensure a correct diagnosis, identify coexisting disorders and trigger factors. In future phenotyping of patients with severe refractory asthma will also become an important element of this systematic approach.

TAJ 2011; 24(1): 57-61
Study of the Santal-Psychiatric Patients and their Belief Towards Mental Illness
Authors: Hussain AA Mamun , Qais Shahana , Khan MMR
Published: November 2018

This study aims at finding the presence of psychiatric illness of the santals, an ethnic minorities of the northern part of Bangladesh and their belief towards mental illness. Among the 77 patients, 39 (50.64%) were male and 38 (49.35%) were female. The majority of the respondents were in between the age of 16-35 years. Most (80%) believed that possession by Bonga/Kali caused the illness. In the present study, 45 (59.74%) had major mental disorder, 18 (23.37%) had minor mental disorders and 13 (16.88%) had psychotic disorder due to general medical condition (viz. Epilepsy). Observations suggest that change of awareness and perception regarding mental disorder, should be a high priority, as right mental health is one of the key component of total delivery of health care.TAJ 2011; 24(2): 76-81
Oral Versus Vaginal Misoprostol in the Management of Missed Abortion
Authors: Lina Khondokar Seheli Nasrin , Khatun Mst Rokeya , Akhter Hasina
Published: November 2018

Missed abortions are common and represent a significant gynaecological emergency workload. The search for a non invasive method with high success rate has led to the use of misoprostol. Most research into the use of misoprostol for the medical evacuation of missed abortion has concentrated on its effect after oral administration. Recent evidence suggested an improved efficacy of uterine evacuation and a reduced incidence of side-effects if misoprostol was administered vaginally. The present study has been designed to compare the safety and efficacy of oral versus vaginal misoprostol for medical management of missed abortion. The present study was experimental and randomized. A total of 100 women with pregnancies of < 12 weeks from last menses (verified by ultrasound) were recruited for the study. Eligible women were allocated randomly to the two treatment groups by means of lottery. The primary outcome was measured by complete expulsion rate. The secondary outcome measure was patient’s side effects and satisfaction. The following variables were compared: complete or incomplete expulsion of the conceptus in 24 hours, induction expulsion interval time, side effects; dilatation of cervical canal in those patients who required surgical intervention, number of doses required, women’s perception and duration of hospital stay.  The present study demonstrated that early expulsion of the product following induction, complete expulsion of the product after 24 hours, were significantly higher in the vaginal misoprostol group than those in the oral misoprostol group. The dose of misoprostol was also much lower in the vaginal group compared to the oral group. The need for surgical evacuation was markedly decreased in the vaginal group than that in the oral group.  So, treatment of missed abortion by misoprostol through vaginal route should be explored for introduction into health care delivery system nation wide.TAJ 2011; 24(2): 106-110
Maternal and Neonatal Outcome after Caesarean and Vaginal Delivery in Eclampsia
Authors: Khatun Rokeya , Ali M Nowshad , Das Chinmoy Kanti , Ashraf Fatema
Published: November 2018

This randomized control trial study was conducted at Rajshahi Medical College and Hospital, Bangladesh. This study includes 70 consecutive antepartum eclamptic patients who were admitted in the year 2008. The purpose of this study was to analyze the difference in maternal and perinatal outcome in caesarean and vaginal delivery and thereby describe the success rate of a particular mode of delivery in those cases. Bivariate and multivariable regression analyses were used to determine factors that were associated with assignment to, success of, and odds of maternal and neonatal outcome after caesarean and vaginal delivery.TAJ 2011; 24(2): 111-117
Branchial Fistula : A Case Report
Authors: Huda M Durrul , Ghosh Subrata , Delwar M , Islam AHM Tohurul , Rahman Anisur
Published: November 2018

We report a case of complete branchial fistula in a 13-year-old boy which could be evaluated by a contrast study. The tract was completely excised and the patient had an uneventful recovery. Branchial fistulae are formed due to the persistence of the embryonic second branchial cleft. Complete fistulae with the internal opening in the region of the tonsillar fossa are not common and should be properly evaluated before going to surgical exploration.TAJ 2011; 24(2): 145-147
Diagnostic Role of Ultrasonography in Obstetrics and Gynaecology
Authors: Nahar Ziban , Islam AHM Tohurul , Lovely N Atia , Rahman M Hafizur
Published: November 2018

Ultrasonography (USG) is widely used in both gynaecology and obstetrics. USG has become an indispensable diagnostic tool. Specially in our developing country. Advanced US technologies, such as 3D sonography, provide powerful and highly accurate diagnostic tools. The clinical applications and uses of ultrasound include confirmation of pregnancy including multiple gestation, estimation of gestational age, localization of placenta and monitoring of foetal wellbeing. The others are evaluation of caesarean section scar integrity and post partum haemorrhage. Ultrasound is also useful in prenatal diagnosis of foetal anomaly. The clinical uses of ultrasound in gynaecology include diagnosis of uterine abnormality, ovarian tumour. Ovarian follicles follow up in infertility, diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy, evaluation of abortion case. Detection of pelvic mass & polycystic ovarian disease is also important. Ultrasound guided FNAC is also an important diagnostic tool.TAJ 2011; 24(2): 152-155
Oral Capecitabine Compared With Intravenous Fluorouracil Plus Leucovorin in Patients With Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Uddin Dayem , Khan MMR , Habib Shafayat
Published: November 2018

Patients And Methods: We prospectively randomized 150 patients to treatment with capecitabine 1,250 mg/m2 administered twice daily days 1 to 14 every 3 weeks, or to the 4-weekly Mayo Clinic regimen (5-FU/LV) until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.Results: The primary objective, to demonstrate at least equivalent response rates in the two treatment groups, was met. The overall response rate was 18.9% for capecitabine and 15.0% for 5-FU/LV. In the capecitabine and 5-FU/LV groups, respectively, median time to disease progression was 5.2 and 4.7 months (log-rank P = .65); median time to treatment failure was 4.2 and 4.0 months (log-rank P = .89); and median overall survival was 13.2 and 12.1 months (log-rank P = .33). The toxicity profiles of both treatments were typical of fluoropyrimidines. However, capecitabine led to significantly lower incidences (P < .00001) of stomatitis and alopecia, but a higher incidence of cutaneous hand-foot syndrome (P < .00001). Capecitabine also resulted in lower incidences (P < .00001) of grade 3/4 stomatitis and neutropenia, leading to a lower incidence of grade 3/4 neutropenic fever and sepsis. Only grade 3 hand-foot syndrome (P < .00001) and uncomplicated grade 3/4 hyperbilirubinemia (P < .0001) were reported more frequently with capecitabine.Conclusion: Oral capecitabine achieved an at least equivalent efficacy compared with IV 5-FU/LV. Capecitabine demonstrated clinically meaningful safety advantages and the convenience of an oral agent.TAJ 2012; 25: 17-25
Spinal Versus General Anesthesia for Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Authors: Taher SMA , Raihan Jamil , Zahid M Abu , Azad AK , Alam MI , Deeba F
Published: November 2018

Laparascopic Cholecystectomy under regional anesthesia alone has been reported only with severe chronic obstructive airway disease1,2. In a randomised trial, epidural with general anesthesia have been found to be more effective in lessening postoperative pain compare with general anesthesia alone3. Regional anesthesia has been successfully used for laparascopic cholecystectomy in patient. Hamad and Ibrahim El-Khatter4 used spinal anesthesia for laparoscopic for the first time. We performing Laparascopic Cholecystectomy with carbondioxide pneumoperitoneum under spinal anesthesia alone of healthy patients with symptomatic gall stone disease5. We design a control randomized trial to compare spinal anesthesthesia with the Gold standard general anesthesia for elective Laparascopic Cholecystectomy in healty patients.TAJ 2012; 25: 55-58
Common Causes of Neonatal Jaundice –A Study of 100 Cases at Neonatal Unit of Rajshahi Medical College Hospital
Authors: Haque M Sanaul , Paul PK , Jahan KI
Published: November 2018

A prospective cross sectional study was done at Neonatal unit of Rajshahi Medical College Hospital, from 01/01/15 to 30/06/15 period. Total 100 neonates with jaundice were included in this study. Causes of Jaundice were physiological 35%, sepsis 20%, prematurity 15%, perinatal asphyxia 8%, ABO incompatibility 8%, Rh-incompatibility 5%, unknown 9%.TAJ 2013; 26: 1-2
Evaluation of treatment of HER2 positive Breast cancer patients with Trastuzumab combined with cytotoxic chemotherapy – a comparative study.
Authors: Uddin Md Dayem , Islam Md Anwar Ul , Ipshita Zerin , Khan MMR
Published: November 2018

A prospective and retrospective study had been carried out between January 2013 to December 2015 for evaluation of the overall survival (OS) & disease free survival (DFS) rate of HER2 positive breast cancer patients with Trastuzumab combined with cytotoxic chemotherapy and patients who only takes chemotherapy alone. A randomized control trial was run with the 130 patients having HER2 positive breast cancer in the Rajshahi Medical College and Hospital and different private hospitals and Clinics of Rajshahi city. Among 130 women having HER-2 positive breast cancer 52 women were randomly allocated to the TAC (Taxotere, Doxorubicin and Cyclophosphamide) arm and 61 women were randomly allocated to the TAH (Taxotere, Doxorubicin, Herceptin) arm. TAC arm consists of Taxotere (75mg/m2), as 1 hour infusion preceded by Doxorubicin (50mg/m2) and Cyclophosphamide (500mg/m2), both given as an intravenous bolus. This TAC protocol runs for 6 cycles in every 3 weeks. And TAH arm consists of Taxotere (75mg/m2), Doxorubicin (50mg/m2) and Herceptin (8mg/kg for 1st cycle and 6mg/kg from 2nd cycle). In this arm other combined therapy will run till 6 cycles and Herceptin will run up to 12 cycles in every 3 weeks.TAJ 2013; 26: 30-37
Medical Humanities − Towards A Critical Appraisal
Authors: Hussain AA Mamun
Published: November 2018

Abstract not availableTAJ 2014; 27(1): i
Effect of fasting on peptic ulcer perforation
Authors: Islam B , Sayed A , Ahmed I , Hannan MA , Alam MA
Published: November 2018

Background: Peptic ulcer perforation is a common surgical problem in Bangladesh. For Muslims, the whole of the Ramadan is a time of strictly fasting during day time. Globally near one billion Muslims fast during this month. So it is an opportunity to evaluate the relationship between Ramadan fasting and peptic ulcer perforation. Present study was designed to evaluate the effect of fasting, socioeconomic condition, smoking and inadequate treatment of PUD on peptic ulcer perforation.TAJ 2014; 27(1): 4-9
Pattern of Body Mass Index in Students of a Private Medical College of Bangladesh
Authors: Siddiqui Md Nure Alom , Siddiqui Muhammad Afsar , Sultana Shahnaj , Sharif Tamanna , Ekram ARM Saifuddin
Published: November 2018

Objectives: To determine the BMI status of the students of Rajshahi Islami Bank Medical College and to calculate frequency of different BMI categoriesMethodology: A cross-sectional questionnaire based study was carried out in medical students of Rajshahi Islami Bank Medical College, Rajshahi. Body weight and height were measured and body mass index (BMI) values were calculated by dividing weight with (height) 2. Overweight and obesity were defined using WHO international standard BMI cut-offs.Results: The overall prevalence of underweight students was 29.9% out of which 9.6% fell under the category of severely underweight (BMI of <16.5). In overweight category there were 8%. The frequency of students falling in Obese Class I, II & III was 2.7%, 0.6% & 0.0% respectively. It was found that more female students compared to male students were underweight. In the overweight and obese categories there was a preponderance of male students. A positive correlation was found between perception of obesity amongst parents and overweight obese students.Conclusion: According to this study, underweight, especially in girls, should be considered a serious health problem among adolescent students which needs to be addressed. Obesity on the other hand does not seem to be a major issue amongst them.TAJ 2014; 27(2): 1-5
Factors Affecting The Survival Trend In Carcinoma Stomach- A Hospital Based Study
Authors: Sarker MK , Sarker MM , Parveen NA , Basak PM , Raihan ASMA
Published: November 2018

Stomach cancer is a gastrointestinal malignancy with insidious onset and poor prognosis. The disease predominantly affects the older age groups with pick incidence between 60 to 70 years of age. The total number of stomach cancer patients available for the study within the stipulated time was 105. Among them 69.52% patients were male and 30.48% patients were female. 0.95% patient belonged to age group <20, 11.43% belonged to age group 21-30, 09.52% belonged to age group 31-40, 23.81% belonged to age group 41-50, 28.57% belonged to age group 51-60, 20.0% belonged to age group 61-70 and 05.72% patients were >70 years of age. Mean age was 54.91 years ± 13.42 SD. In our study, 45.6% survived <3 months, 15.8% 4–6 months, 07.0% 7–9 months, 14.0% 10–12 months, 10.6% 13–24 months and 07.0% >24 months. Among 57 expired patients, 14 got curative treatment and rest of 43 got palliative treatment. Those who got curative treatment, 36.4% survived 10–12 months, 45.5% 13–24 months and 18.1% > 24 months. Those who got palliative treatment 51.5% survived <3 months, 24.2% 4–6 months, 12.1% 7–9 months, 09.1% 10–12 months and 03.1% 13–24 months. Overall median survival was 06 months, for curative treatment 16 months and for palliative treatment 03 months.TAJ 2014; 27(2): 44-49
Les Configurations de la « romamancière »: Nancy Huston et la maternité
Authors: Huet Marie-Noëlle
Published: November 2018

Nancy Huston s'intéresse à la dichotomisation de l'image des femmes: d'un côté « la maternité non érotique », de l'autre, « l'érotisme non maternel ». Le « dilemme de la romamancière », selon lequel une mère doit se dévouer à ses enfants tandis qu'une romancière ne doit pas hésiter à tuer ses personnages, concerne une autre dichotomie, celle opposant la création et la procréation. Comment être simultanément mère, sujet désirant et créatrice? Cet article fait ressortir la perspective hustonienne sur la maternité à travers ses essais et à l'aide d'exemples tirés de La Virevolte (1994).
Mothering in the Stepmother Tongue: Maternal Subjectivity and Linguistic Practice in Nancy Huston's Autobiographical Non-Fiction
Authors: Kačkutė Eglė
Published: November 2018

This article explores Huston's subject position as a mother and writer that emerges in her autobiographical non-fiction written during or reflecting upon the period of her life when her children were born and during their early childhood. The article aims to understand how and why Huston comes to mother in her adoptive ‘stepmother’ tongue, French, and how it is significant in her translingual writing practice. In light of Julia Kristeva's concept of the semiotic chora and its interpretation offered by Alison Stone, this article argues that although Huston's maternal linguistic practice originates in a traumatic early experience of her mother's departure, her embodied use of French with her children performs a restorative and healing function enabling a translingual practice of mothering as well as writing.
Introduction
Authors: El Shakry Omnia , Pursley Sara , McKusick Caroline
Published: November 2018

This special issue stages an encounter between psychoanalysis and the Middle East. Taking seriously the possibility of an alchemical transformation of psychoanalytic thought through its encounter with the Middle East and with Islam, chapters reopen the psychoanalytic canon to consider key concepts through unexpected interlocutors, religious traditions, and intellectual formations. This includes bringing medieval Islamic philosophical concepts of the Cloud to bear on conceptions of causality and après coup; and thinking from the point of view of the Last Judgment in dialogue with the therapeutic work of a Moroccan imam and the Lacanian analyst Fouad Benchekroun. Authors also recover lesser known histories of psychoanalytic theory: in the work of Egyptian psychoanalytic theorist Sami-Ali, who developed a distinctly expansive theory of the imaginary influenced by Islamic apophatic theology and his own clinical work; and in Iraqi sociologist ʿAli al-Wardi's critical re-evaluation of the unconscious, via the Islamic revolutionary tradition, as a source of the miraculous. Moving to the contemporary era, chapters tackle the various uses of psychoanalysis in ‘dialogue initiatives’ that delegitimize Palestinians' use of violence in Palestine/Israel; and in efforts to ‘lay on the couch’ the figure of the jihadi in contemporary France in the service of a secular modernizing project. Engaging critical theory, history, anthropology, literary studies, and Islamic studies, this special issue will be of interest to all those concerned with psychoanalysis in relation to a geopolitical elsewhere.
Psychoanalysis and the Imaginary: Translating Freud in Postcolonial Egypt
Authors: Shakry Omnia El
Published: November 2018

This article imagines psychoanalysis geopolitically by way of an exploratory foray into the oeuvre of Sami-Ali, the Arabic translator of Sigmund Freud's Three Essays on the Theory of Sexuality, author of a large body of original psychoanalytic writings, and translator of the poetry of Sufi masters. Taken together, his writings enable a critical rethinking of the role of the imaginary, the mechanisms of projection, and the epistemology of non-knowledge in the workings of the unconscious. Significantly, such a rethinking of key psychoanalytic concepts drew upon the Sufi metaphysics of the imagination of Ibn ʿArabi. Yet such theoretical work cannot be understood outside of its wider clinical context and the conditions of (im)possibility that structure psychoanalysis within the postcolony. Reconstituting Sami-Ali's early theoretical writings alongside his work with the long-forgotten figures he observed, incarcerated female prostitutes in 1950s Cairo, I argue that his clinical encounters constituted the ground of his theorization of the imaginary within the embodied subject. Attending to the work of translation inherent within psychoanalytic practice – whether from Sigmund Freud's own German writings into French or Arabic, or from clinical practice into theoretical discourse – helps us conceptualize psychoanalysis as taking place otherwise at the intersection of multiple epistemological and ethical traditions.
A Novel Framework for a Systematic Integration of Pneumatic-Muscle-Actuator-Driven Joints into Robotic Systems Via a Torque Control Interface
Authors: Martens Mirco , Seel Thomas , Zawatzki Johannes , Boblan Ivo
Published: November 2018

In this paper, two different torque control approaches for PMA-driven (PMA = Pneumatic muscle actuator) revolute joints are presented and tested. In previous work controllers for PMA-driven robots are typically customized for the use on a specific robotic system. In contrast, the proposed controllers define a general control interface for every robot that is actuated by PMA-driven joints. It will be shown that controlling the torque of a PMA-driven joint enables the use of standard robotic motion control frameworks, because the torque represents the natural input of the robotic equation of motion. Therefore, both proposed torque control approaches are interconnecting PMAs and their challenging characteristics on the one hand and “conventional” motion control strategies for robots on the other hand. After a detailed discussion of two different torque control approaches, we show that a torque controller handles all characteristics and dynamics of a PMA-driven joint internally, which implies that only its bandwidth and its static torque characteristic must be taken into account for the design of the outer motion control loop. This feature simplifies the integration of PMA-driven joints in robotic systems enormously, as will be demonstrated by a design of a cascade-structured, flatness-based motion controller for an exemplary robot with one degree of freedom.
Assessing the Speciation of a Cold Water Species, Japanese Sand Lance Ammodytes personatus, in the Northwestern Pacific by AFLP Markers
Authors: Han Zhiqiang , Wang Zhiyong , Gao Tianxiang , Yanagimoto Takashi , Iida Koji
Published: November 2018

The use of molecular techniques in biodiversity research increasingly results in the recognition of multiple divergent mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) lineages below the morphospecies level. However, the overlapping distribution of multiple divergent lineages raises the question of whether some of these lineages are in fact cryptic species. Assessing the status of these divergent lineages, delimiting evolutionarily significant units (ESUs), and identifying the dominant evolutionary and ecological drivers are critical components of successful wildlife conservation and management strategies. Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers were applied to characterize the phylogeography pattern of a cold water species, the Japanese sand lance Ammodytes personatus, in warm and cold ocean currents. A total of 211 individuals sampled from 12 populations through the species’ range, including samples from Kuroshio Current, Oyashio Current, Tsushima Current, and Yellow Sea, were analyzed. The Bayesian assignment probability test and Neighbor joining (NJ) analysis divided these populations into two genetically and geographically distinct clades (northern and southern clades) characterized by different sea surface temperatures. The incongruence between nuclear clades and previous mitochondrial lineages suggested that A. personatus is indeed composed of at least two genetically divergent cryptic species. Pleistocene glaciation isolation after secondary contact, local thermal adaptation, and isolation by distance may explain the observed geographic pattern of two cryptic species and genetic structure within clades.
Sheep Farmers’ Perception of Welfare and Pain Associated with Routine Husbandry Practices in Chile
Authors: Larrondo Cristian , Bustamante Hedie , Gallo Carmen
Published: November 2018

Considering the public concern about the welfare of farm animals during routine husbandry practices, this study aimed to determine how husbandry practices are carried out in Chilean farms, sheep farmers’ perceptions of animal welfare and pain, and factors that affect them, as well as the level of agreement among farmers in the recognition of pain associated with these practices. Using a self-administered survey, participants were asked about their sociodemographic information, how husbandry practices are carried out in their farms, and their pain perception for seven of these common husbandry procedures using a numerical rating scale (0 to 10). A total of 165 farmers completed the survey and perceived castration and tail docking as the most painful practices in lambs (median pain score 10 vs. 8, p < 0.05). Pain perception was associated with the method used for the specific husbandry practices, the farmers’ educational level, the farm size, and flock size (p < 0.05). There was a fair to good level of agreement beyond chance (p < 0.05) in the recognition of pain associated with the most painful practices. In general, husbandry practices are not carried out in young animals, use painful methods, without using analgesics, which may have a negative impact on animal welfare.
Piecing Together How Peroxiredoxins Maintain Genomic Stability
Authors: West James D. , Roston Trevor J. , David Joseph B. , Allan Kristin M. , Loberg Matthew A.
Published: November 2018

Peroxiredoxins, a highly conserved family of thiol oxidoreductases, play a key role in oxidant detoxification by partnering with the thioredoxin system to protect against oxidative stress. In addition to their peroxidase activity, certain types of peroxiredoxins possess other biochemical activities, including assistance in preventing protein aggregation upon exposure to high levels of oxidants (molecular chaperone activity), and the transduction of redox signals to downstream proteins (redox switch activity). Mice lacking the peroxiredoxin Prdx1 exhibit an increased incidence of tumor formation, whereas baker’s yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) lacking the orthologous peroxiredoxin Tsa1 exhibit a mutator phenotype. Collectively, these findings suggest a potential link between peroxiredoxins, control of genomic stability, and cancer etiology. Here, we examine the potential mechanisms through which Tsa1 lowers mutation rates, taking into account its diverse biochemical roles in oxidant defense, protein homeostasis, and redox signaling as well as its interplay with thioredoxin and thioredoxin substrates, including ribonucleotide reductase. More work is needed to clarify the nuanced mechanism(s) through which this highly conserved peroxidase influences genome stability, and to determine if this mechanism is similar across a range of species.