bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Etnobotani Tumbuhan sebagai Bahan Tambahan Pangan oleh Masyarakat Suku Dayak Bakati’ di Dusun Segiring Kabupaten Bengkayang
Authors: Syamswisna Syamswisna
Published: July 2023

Ethnobotany is a community tradition of using plants to meet their daily needs, which is a legacy from generation to generation. This study aimed to identify the types of plants used as food additives by the Dayak Bakati Tribe in Segiring Hamlet, Bengkayang Regency, West Kalimantan Province. This study used descriptive methods, made direct observations at the research site, and conducted interviews with informants. The informants are women from the Dayak Bakati Tribe who use plants as food additives and live in Bengkayang Regency. Data was collected using triangulation, namely interviewing informants, observing, and documenting photographs for the documentation of the plant. Information on plants used for ingredients added to food is identified to determine the scientific name. Plants used as food additives by the Dayak Bakati' Tribe in Dusun Segiring, Bengkayang Regency, are 40 species consisting of 24 Families, namely: Zingeberaceae, Apiaceae, Solanaceae, Rutaceae, Fabaceae, Liliaceae, Oxalidaceae, Myrtaceae, Amaryllidaceae, Araliaceae, Lauraceae, Anacardiaceae, Arecaceae, Laminaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Polygonaceae, Piperaceae, Gnetaceae, Bromeliaceae, Pandanaceae, Poaceae, Apiaceae, Sapindaceae, and Strombociaceae. The leaves of the plants Arytera littoralis and Lepionurus sylvestris are used by the Dayak Bakati' Tribe as additional cooking ingredients because they give a taste and aroma like mice. The parts of the plant used are bark and stems, leaves, seeds, tubers, rhizomes, and fruit. The part of the plant that is often used is the leaf. Processing is by slicing/ cutting into small pieces, mashed, and the plant organs utilized are directly inserted into the food being processed. Plants as food additives do not have side effects, they are better used than seasonings containing chemicals.
Validitas Modul Berbasis Website pada Materi Ekosistem untuk SMA Kelas X
Authors: Zikra Zikra , Avriananda Dwi Resti , Rosba Evrialiani
Published: July 2023

Limited teaching materials used by teachers and students such as printed books make it difficult for teachers to provide explanations and students find it difficult to understand learning outside of school. The textbooks used in general are good but need to be updated because the pictures presented in the printed books are not clear and are in black and white. Teachers rarely use modules and teachers never use web-based teaching materials. With internet facilities that are already available, teachers can further improve the quality of learning activities, such as using web-based teaching materials as learning resources. Therefore, by utilizing the internet as a learning resource, simple teaching materials are needed, namely website-based modules. This study validates a web-based module on ecosystem material for class X SMA. website based. The method used in this research is development (Research & Development) with the ADDIE model. The stages of development research are carried out with several stages that have been modified according to the needs of researchers, namely: 1) the analysis stage; 2) the design stage (design); and 3) development stage. At the analysis stage, needs analysis is carried out, at the design stage, modules are compiled, and at the development stage, expert validation is carried out. The instrument used in this study is a validation sheet which includes validation of the feasibility of content, language, presentation, graphics, and media use. The results showed that the validity of the website-based module was very valid with an average of 91%. Based on these results it can be concluded that the resulting website-based module is very valid and suitable for use as teaching material.
Penerapan LKPD Berbasis Inquiry Lesson untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Literasi Sains Peserta Didik pada Materi Sistem Pencernaan Manusia
Authors: Oktaviana Rina , Nuraeni Eni , Amprasto Amprasto
Published: July 2023

This study aims to analyze the increase in scientific literacy skills through the implementation of Inquiry Lesson-based worksheets on the material of the human digestive system. The research method used was quasi-experimental with a non-randomized control group pre-test and post-test research design. Participants were taken from two classes from class XI MIPA, with the cluster random sampling technique two classes XI MIPA were randomly selected with specifications for experimental class 1 and experimental class 2, each consisting of 32 students. The data were obtained using the instrument of scientific literacy questions in the PISA framework, totaling 10 in the form of valid and reliable multiple choice questions. The results showed that there was a significant difference as evidenced by the results of hypothesis testing with Sig. (2 tailed) = 0.000 <0.05, then 𝐻𝑜 is rejected and 𝐻𝑎 is accepted. There is a difference in the t-count of the experimental class 1 and the t-count of the experimental class 2 where the t-count of the experimental class 2 is 53.82 > 21.997, so it can be concluded that the scientific literacy skills of the experimental class using inquiry-based LKPD have increased scientific literacy skills higher.
Model dan Metode Pembelajaran Berbasis STEAM pada Mata Pelajaran Biologi SMA
Authors: Ratna Dewi , Retnowati Rita , Kurniasih Surti
Published: July 2023

A teacher's understanding of learning will be seen from how the teacher applies it in teaching and learning activities. A teacher must know the strategy in teaching. This is related to learning models, techniques, and learning methods. In addition, the teacher must also be able to create a conducive, safe, comfortable, and enjoyable learning atmosphere. So it is important for a teacher to explore related models, learning methods with new innovations. One of them is by integrating STEAM learning into these learning models and methods. So far, not much research has been done on STEAM-based learning models and methods in biology subjects. The purpose of this study was to analyze which learning models and methods are often used, as well as which materials are most often used to apply STEAM-based learning to high school biology material. This research is a qualitative descriptive study by distributing questionnaires via Google forms which are distributed via WhatsApp groups to high school biology teachers in Bogor Regency, with 48 people as respondents. The instrument is a questionnaire on the Google form which consists of 15 questions, which contain questions about the media that is often used in class, what models and methods are often used in biology subjects, as well as the teacher's knowledge of STEM, and in any material in biology subjects the teacher applies STEAM learning. The results showed that the most widely used learning model was the Problem Based Learning (PBM) model (43.8%), followed by Project Based Learning (PjBL) (20.8%). Teachers who use the discussion method 16.7%, the cooperative method 12.5%, and 6.3% use the lecture method. For knowledge about STEAM, the results show that 91.7% of respondents know about STEAM, and 68.8% of respondents have implemented STEAM-based learning. For the application of STEAM, most of it was done on material change and environmental preservation as much as 22.9%. The data obtained were analyzed qualitatively, then displayed in the form of pie charts and bar charts.
Pemanfaatan Tanaman Kelor (Moringa oleifera) sebagai Obat Tradisional di Dusun Aek Kulim Mandalasena Kabupaten Labuhanbatu Selatan
Authors: Rahayu Sri , Hasibuan Rosmidah
Published: July 2023

Moringa leaves are one part of the plant that has been widely researched for its nutritional content and usefulness. Moringa is an important plant from the moringaceae family that has many uses. Every part of this tree has benefits as a source of medicine, food, beauty products, industrial purposes. Traditional medicinal plants are types of plants that have medicinal functions and are used to cure or prevent various diseases. The purpose of this study is to determine the utilization of Moringa plants in Aek Kulim Mandalasena Hamlet, Silangkitang District, South Labuhanbatu Regency. By using data collection techniques in the form of observation and interviews with informants and people who utilize moringa plants used as traditional medicine. Moringa leaves are used as traditional medicine to cure or prevent various diseases such as lowering high blood pressure, helping to relieve aches due to gout and rheumatism, strengthening the uterus and the most important thing is to cure / prevent cancer. In addition to traditional medicine, moringa leaves are also used for daily preparations such as fresh vegetables, clear vegetables, and stir-fried vegetables.
Analisis In Silico : Aktivitas Senyawa Antibakteri dalam Zingiber aromaticum terhadap Salmonella typhi
Authors: Suherman Ade Wina Utari , Hernawati Diana , Putra Rinaldi Rizal
Published: July 2023

Typhoid fever is an acute infectious disease of the small intestine caused by the bacterium Salmonella typhi. The prevalence of typhoid fever in the world is 27 million cases per year and causes 200,000 deaths. In Indonesia, it is estimated that the incidence of typhus is 148.7 per 100,000 people per year. Treatment of typhoid fever using ciprofloxacin antibiotics still causes bacterial resistance so that the discovery of herbal ingredients as an alternative to typhoid fever drugs is still being developed. This study aims to look at the potential of the active compound Zingiber aromaticum in terms of physicochemical prediction, pharmacokinetics, binding affinity, and level of toxicity. Previous studies have proven that Zingiber aromaticum has the potential to inhibit Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella typhi bacteria. The method used is molecular docking between the active compounds Zingiber aromaticum to be compared with the control drug ciprofloxacin as a comparison. As a result, all active compounds of Zingiber aromaticum have potential as drug candidates because they fulfill the lipinski’s rule of five. Zerumbon has the best pharmacokinetic profile compared to ciprofloxacin. Compounds in class 4, 5 and 6 are relatively safer, not mutagenic and not toxic to the liver compared to ciprofloxacin. The compounds that have a better binding affinity value than ciprofloxacin are isokaempferide, (-)-beta-Sitosterol, afzelin, kaempferol 3-(3'-acetylrhamnoside), and 3-O-beta-D-Glucopyranosyl sequentially namely -8,1 kcal/mol, -9.0 kcal/mol, -9.4 kcal/mol, -9.3 kcal/mol and -9.3 kcal/mol. The most valid compounds compared to ciprofloxacin are (-)-beta-sitosterol with RMSD l.b 1.513 and RMSD u.b 2.169.
Uji Daya Hambat Ekstrak Etanol dan N-Heksana Daun Labu Kuning (Cucurbita moschata D.) terhadap Bakteri Staphylococcus epidermidis
Authors: Mawardika Herlinda , Agustina Lia , Vanesha Ovie Resta
Published: July 2023

Pumpkin leaf plant (Cucurbita moschata D.) is commonly used to treat gastric pain, jaundice, hipercholesterol, and contains antibacterial compounds. Nature products derived from plants are often used to treat facial skin disease by inhibiting acne-causing bacteria. Staphylococcus epidermidis has important role in acne formation. This research aims to determine the antibacterial activity, Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) of 70% ethanol extract and n-hexane against Staphylococcus epidermidis. Pumpkin leaf extracts were obtained by maceration technique then diluted to obtain the extracts with concentrations of 10%, 25%, and 50%. The antibacterial activity test of pumpkin leaves was carried out in vitro by well diffusion method on Mueller Hinton Agar (MHA) media, while MIC and MBC was determined by dilution method using different concentration of extract. The results of this research showed that there was inhibition zone formed at concentration 10%, 25%, and 50% of 70% ethanol extract of yellow pumpkin leaves. According to the result, the largest inhibition zone was obtained at concentration of 50% (20.02 ± 0,28 mm). The MIC value was found at concentration of 12.5% and MBC value was determined at 50% concentration of ethanol extract. Meanwhile, n-hexane extract of yellow pumpkin leaves has no antibacterial activity against S. epidermidis. It can be concluded that ethanol extract of yellow pumpkin leaves has potent antibiotic material for S. epidermidis.
Morfologi Insang Ikan Lele Mutiara (Clarias gariepinus Burchell, 1822) yang Diberi Paparan Mikroplastik Polietilen (PE) pada Pakan
Authors: Suwartiningsih Nurul , Sunggoro Glady , Dhiaulhaq Raffly Muhammad , Sari Lyly Nur Indah , Maharani Kurnia Suci , Putra Ichsan Luqmana Indra , Setiawan Haris
Published: July 2023

Microplastics in the body of fish can damage the function of organs. One of the aquatic biota that can be affected by microplastics is Mutiara catfish. The study aimed to compare the gill morphology of Mutiara catfish after being exposed to microplastics.  This study was an experimental study consisting of four treatments, feed treatment with microplastic added with a weight of 0.00 mg/0.75 g feed (control); 0.01 mg/ 0.75 g feed (P1); 0.1 mg/0.75 g (P2); and 1 mg/0.75 g (P3). Each treatment was repeated seven times (seven buckets) and each bucket was filled with five fish so that a total of 140 fish were used. The treatment was carried out for 28 days. Observation of growth parameters was carried out on the entire population, 140 fish, while organ preparation was carried out on a sample of three fish from each treatment. Fish samples were taken using a stratified random sampling technique. Research parameters include gill weight, primary lamela length (LP) and secondary lamela lenght (LS). The results showed the highest gill weight at control 1.76 ± 0.47 g and the lowest at P1 1.20 ± 0.25 g, although it did not significantly different. The highest gill weight/ body weight at control 0.06 ± 0.02 g and the lowest P1 and P2 0.04 ± 0.00 g, although it did not significantly different. Primary lamela length (LP) was highest at P3 1250.34 ± 294.81 μm and lowest at Control 894.78 ± 399.10 μm, and it was significantly different. Secondary lamela lenght (LS) was highest at P3 33.69 ± 4.34 μm and lowest at P1 29.12 ± 5.29 μm. Among controls, P2 and P3; LS length did not significantly different. Microplastic PE up to 1.00 mg/ 0.75 g of feed does not result in a decrease of gill weight and elongation of secondary lamela, but results in significant lengthening of primary lamela.
Pengaruh Model Problem Based Learning (PBL) terhadap Kemampuan Memecahkan Masalah dan Hasil Belajar Kognitif Biologi Siswa Kelas VIII
Authors: Utami Nihla , Fitriani Herdiyana , Efendi Ismail
Published: July 2023

Students' difficulty in understanding the learning material becomes a problem in achieving learning success. This is due to the lack of variety of learning models used by teachers, so far teachers have applied more cooperative learning models. Therefore, researchers try to apply the PBL (Problem Based Learning) learning model, which is one of the learning models that can stimulate students to think in problem-oriented situations. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of the PBL model on students' problem-solving ability and cognitive learning outcomes. This research was conducted on grade 8th students of SMP Negeri 2 Kediri. This type of research is a pseudo-experiment (quasi-experimental). Data analysis using an independent sample t-test. The population in this study were all students from class 7th to class 9th. While the sample is students in grade 8th A as the experimental class and 8th B as the control class.The samples in this study were students of class 8th A as an experimental class and 8thB as a control class. The sampling technique uses purposive sampling technique. The results of the hypothesis test of problem-solving ability of experimental class and control class students obtained data that the sig < α was 0.009 < 0.05 at a significance rate of 5% so that H 0was rejected and H1 was accepted. In addition, on the results of the cognitive learning hypothesis test of experimental class and control class students, data were obtained that the sig < α was 0.003 < 0.05 at a significance rate of 5% so that H 0 was rejected and H1 was accepted. This shows that the PBL learning model affects students' problem-solving ability and cognitive learning outcomes.
Isolasi Bakteri Endofit Balakacida (Chromolaena odorata) Asal Banda Aceh dan Uji Aktivitas Antimikroba terhadap Bakteri Patogen Pasteurella multocida dan Bacillus subtilis
Authors: Sari Wahyu Eka , Darmawi Darmawi , Zamzami Rumi Sahara , Vanda Henni , Nurliana Nurliana , Etriwati Etriwati , Amanda Luthfia
Published: July 2023

Endophytic bacteria are bacteria that live in plant tissue without causing negative effects. Endophytic bacteria can produce bioactive compounds that can be used as antibacterial, anti-fungal, antiviral, anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, antimalarial and anti-immunosuppressive properties. Endophytic bacteria are found in all higher plants, one of which is balakacida (Chromolaena odorata). This study aims to isolate the endophytic bacteria balakacida plant from Banda Aceh, to test the antimicrobial activity against the pathogenic bacteria Pasteurella multocida and Bacillus subtilis. The samples used were young leaves of balakacida plant with the method of isolation and purification of endophytic bacteria and in vitro tests.The results showed that endophytic bacteria could be isolated from balakacida plant and showed inhibitory activity against the pathogenic bacteria Pasteurella multocida and Bacillus subtilis. Thus, the endophytic bacteria from balakacida have bioactive compounds that have potential as antimicrobials.
Theoretical kinetic investigation of the multichannel mechanism of O(3P) atmospheric oxidation reaction of but-3-enal
Authors: Messaoudı Boulanouar , Cheriet Mouna , Djemıl Rayanne , Djamel Eddine Khatmi
Published: July 2023

Several levels of theory such as Møller-Plesset MP2, G3, and CBS-QB3, have been used in order to investigate the complex and multichannel potential energy surface of the reaction of but-3-enal with the triplet oxygen atom. The results show that the O-addition channel is dominant. The different possible pathways of oxygen atom attack are thoroughly studied to better understand and explain the reaction mechanism. Regarding the oxidation of but-3-enal by triplet oxygen O(3P), it is shown that the major thermodynamic product is H3CC(O)CH2C(O)H (P3) being the most stable for the whole reaction. However, the most favored product kinetically is H2CC(OH)CH2C(O)H (P2). For the H-abstraction second possible pathway, the most favored product both kinetically and thermodynamically is found to be P8. The activation energy and calculated rate constants are consistent with the proposed addition mechanism.
Construcción socioterritorial: reflexiones a partir del entorno, el arraigo y los cuidados en una localidad mexicana
Authors: Maldonado Cecilia
Published: July 2023

This article presents an approach to socio-territorial construction based on the conceptual overlap between context or natural environment, rootedness, and reproductive care. For this, exploratory and descriptive research is carried out that triangulated three qualitative research techniques using the deductive method. The main findings show that how a community in Guanajuato configures its roots in a territory is associated with the characteristics of its production-consumption process, anchored in the natural conditions of the territory and the social bonds of care that emanate from this process and conditions. One of the contributions of this analysis is that it incorporates the perspective of reproductive care into the construction of territories, being necessary to deepen regional studies to advance in this type of knowledge.
MENINGKATKAN KINERJA PEMASARAN MELALUI CUSTOMER INVOLVEMENT: PENGEMBANGAN SERVICE DOMINANT LOGIC
Authors: Ali Ali
Published: July 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk pengembangan konsep  Service Dominant Logic (SDL) untuk mengatasi kesenjangan hasil penelitian pengaruh inovasi pemasaran dan kapabilitas pemasaran terhadap kinerja pemasaran. Populasi penelitan ini yaitu industri mebel ekspor di Kabupaten Jepara sejumlah 307. Penentuan jumlah sampel dengan rumus Slovin

 didapat sebanyak 171. Teknik pemilihan sampel dengan teknik probability sampling dan  dipilih simple random sampling. Hasil pengujian hipotesis menunjukkan  inovasi pemasaran, kapabilitas pemasaran dan customer involvement  berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja pemasaran. Secara implikasi teoritis berdampak pada pengembangan teori Service Dominant Logic bahwa inovasi pemasaran dan kapabilitas pemasaran dan customer involvement berpengaruh terhadap kinerja pemasaran.  Implikasi manajerial,  industri mebel harus mempunyai kreasi produk dengan variasi desain, melakukan kreasi produk, dan produk-produk baru. Customer involvement mempunyai kontribusi dalam meningkatkan kinerja pemasaran. Keterbatasan penelitian, belum memiliki variabel-variabel baru yang berhubungan dengan perkembangan era digital marketing yang mempengaruhi kinerja pemasaran, belum bisa menjangkau respon seluruh industri mebel di Kabupaten Jepara dan luar Jepara.
PERAN MARKETING MIX PADA UPAYA MENINGKATKAN PENJUALAN DI PT MEDEQ MANDIRI UTAMA
Authors: Lestari Dyah Ayu , Nurwahyudi Muhammad Robi
Published: July 2023

Abstract

 

The marketing mix is a modification of the traditional marketing concept which originally only consisted of 4 factors. There is an increasing need for marketing concepts so that the marketing mix develops into 7 factors. Using a type of qualitative research that is descriptive. with the method used to research on natural object conditions, where the researcher is the key instrument, data collection techniques are carried out by triangulation including a combination of observation, interviews and documentation. This research is to determine the role of marketing mix in efforts to increase sales at PT Medeq Mandiri Utama. So the object of this study is the role of the marketing mix in efforts to increase sales. The implemented marketing mix strategy plays a very important role in increasing sales volume, one of which is increasing the number of customers and bringing in profits. Besides that, it can improve product quality, competitive prices and sales promotions.

 

           Keyword: marketing mix, marketing, sales effort

           

Abstrak

 

Marketing mix adalah modifikasi dari konsep pemasaran tradisonal yang awalnya hanya terdiri dari 4 faktor. Adanya kebutuhan konsep pemasaran yang semakin meningkat sehingga marketing mix berkembang menjadi 7 faktor. Menggunakan jenis penelitian kualitatif yang bersifat deskriptif.  dengan metode yang digunakan untuk meneliti pada kondisi obyek yang alamiah, dimana peneliti merupakan instrument kunci, teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan secara triangulasi meliputi gabungan observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui peran marketing mix pada upaya meningkatkan penjualan di PT Medeq Mandiri Utama. Maka objek dalam penelitian ini adalah peran marketing mix pada upaya meningkatkan penjualan. Strategi marketing mix yang diimplementasikan berperan sangat penting dalam peningkatan volume penjualan, salah satunya adalah peningkatan jumlah pelanggan dan mendatangkan keuntungan. Selain itu dapat melakukan peningkatan produk yang berkualitas, harga yang bersaing dan promosi penjualan.

           Keyword: bauran pemasaran, pemasaran, upaya penjualan
DAMPAK KEBIJAKAN KREDIT, RESIKO ASET, DAN LEVERAGE TERHADAP KINERJA BANK
Authors: Indriastuti Ariyani , Susetyarsi Theresia
Published: July 2023

The occurrence of the Covid-19 pandemic affected various sectors including banking due to the declining performance and ability to pay credit in the production sector to banks. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of the variable lending as measured by LDR, the effect of bank asset risk as measured by RWA, and bank leverage on bank performance. This study was conducted at 23 Commercial Banks in Indonesia, the results found that LDR and RWA had a significant positive effect on profitability. Leverage has a negative and insignificant effect on profitability

 

Keywords: LDR, RWA, leverage, profitability
You’re not welcome! Violence and support for a grazing ban policy in Kaduna, Nigeria
Authors: Tuki Daniel
Published: July 2023

This study examined the effect of victimization – i.e., the concrete experience of violence – on support for a policy banning the opening grazing of livestock in the state of Kaduna in Northern Nigeria. This policy, which aims to reduce the incidence of conflicts between nomadic herders and sedentary farmers, has been implemented to various degrees in some states across Nigeria. Kaduna is a suitable case study for investigating this relationship because despite having the third highest incidence of farmer-herder conflicts among Nigeria’s 36 states, the state government has not implemented a grazing ban policy there. The regression results showed that the effect of victimization on support for a grazing ban policy depends on who is perpetrating the violence. General victimization (i.e., irrespective of the perpetrator) had no statistically significant effect on support for a grazing ban policy, but victimization by herders did have a significant positive effect.
Electrostatic quantum dark energy in a seven-dimensional universe
Authors: Kesanasetty Sasidhar
Published: July 2023

This paper explains the dark energy and acceleration of the universe by quantizing the space in the hidden dimensions which provides the basis and background for the gravitational force through the curvature of space-time. Space-time is considered to be made of a four-dimensional elastic grid in a seven-dimensional universe in which matter also expands along with the universe. Each cube of the grid is considered a quantum of hidden three-dimensional space of Planck volume containing Planck charge, which makes the universe seven-dimensional. The dark energy is explained by the electrostatic repulsion between the Planck charges in each quantum of the hidden space. Mathematically, this electrostatic repulsion is related to the Hubble constant to explain the accelerated expansion, dark energy, and the increase in cosmological potential energy of the matter.
Riemann Hypothesis on Grönwall's Function
Authors: Vega Frank
Published: July 2023

Grönwall's function $G$ is defined for all natural numbers $n>1$ by $G(n)=\frac{\sigma(n)}{n \cdot \log \log n}$ where $\sigma(n)$ is the sum of the divisors of $n$ and $\log$ is the natural logarithm. We require the properties of extremely abundant numbers, that is to say left to right maxima of $n \mapsto G(n)$. We also use the colossally abundant and hyper abundant numbers. There are several statements equivalent to the famous Riemann hypothesis. It is known that the Riemann hypothesis is true if and only if there exist infinitely many extremely abundant numbers. In this note, using this criterion on hyper abundant numbers, we prove that the Riemann hypothesis is true.
Analisis Kualitas Daya dan Rekomendasi Perbaikan Sistem Kelistrikan di Gedung Perhotelan
Authors: Ahmad Hermawan  , Jamik Apriliasari  , Chandra Wiharya
Published: July 2023

Fave Hotel is supplied by 2 PLN transformers, with capacities of 250 kVA and 100 kVA. The supply of electrical energy at Fave Hotel is very important because the possibility of disruption is very large in the process of distributing electrical energy. Load variations at Fave Hotel will also affect the electrical system. One of the disturbances that occur in the electric power system is power quality. The research method used is data observation, monitoring, analysis, and simulation using ETAP software. Based on the results of the analysis of various power quality parameters that were measured, the power quality conditions of the fave hotel were not good. A power quality problem has been identified at Fave Hotel, specifically a voltage imbalance occurs at MDP 2 on weekend is 2.64%. In addition, there is also a current imbalance occurs at MDP 1 and 2 during both weekends and weekdays, with the largest current imbalance occurs at MDP 2 on weekdays is 64.15%. To overcome the problem of voltage imbalance and current imbalance, it is recommended to perform load balancing on the system or install compensating equipment such as a voltage compensator.
Ultrafast laser volume nanostructuring; a limitless perspective
Authors: Stoian Razvan
Published: July 2023

Ultrafast lasers are now unanimously recognized as processing tools capable of providing utmost precision. This becomes key in the context of material processing as precise feature scales can render a range of new characteristics to the processed materials. These features redesign their properties optically, mechanically, electrically, or from a chemical point of view. Precision is often accompanied by an increase in resolution. The advances in optical beam engineering and irradiation strategies, alongside with controlled material responses, have put in sight the opportunity to reach record small feature sizes, below 100 nm. Is there an intrinsic limit to optical fabrication? What are the new opportunities provided by laser processing on these scales? How one can make light adapt to matter and at the same time control the matter’s response under light on the smallest scales? In this article I intend to provide a brief overview into the latest developments in ultrafast laser volume nanostructuring, fundamentals and applications alike, stressing out the prospective roadmap and the new potential emerging from super-resolved ultrafast smart laser processing technologies.
Electrospun core–sheath PCL nanofibers loaded with nHA and simvastatin and their potential bone regeneration applications
Authors: Qian Chenghui , Liu Yubo , Chen Si , Zhang Chenyang , Chen Xiaohong , Liu Yuehua , Liu Ping
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Drugs and biocompatible nanoparticles have raised significant potential in advancing the bone regeneration. Electrospinning technology enables the full realization of the value of drugs and nanoparticles.

Methods: In this study, we have successfully fabricated core–sheath nanofibers solely composed of polycaprolactone (PCL) polymer. Simvastatin (SIM) was confined to the core of the nanofibers while nanohydroxyapatite (nHA) was loaded on the nanofiber surface.

Results: All the prepared nanofibers exhibited a cylindrical micromorphology, and the core–sheath structure was exploited using a Transmission Electron Microscope. X-ray pattern results indicated that SIM was in an amorphous state within nanofibers, while Fourier Transform InfraRed spectroscopy showed excellent chemical compatibility among SIM, nHA, and PCL. The actual loading of nHA within the nanofiber was determined by a thermogravimetric test due to the high melting point of nHA. Core–sheath nanofibers could release SIM for 672 h, which was attributed to the core–sheath structure. Furthermore, nanofibers loaded with SIM or nHA had a positive impact on cell proliferation, with the core–sheath nanofibers displaying the most favorable cell proliferation behavior.

Discussion: Such a synergistic facilitation strategy based on materials and nanostructure may encourage researchers to exploit new biomedical materials in future.
Striatonigral distribution of a fluorescent reporter following intracerebral delivery of genome editors
Authors: Neuman Samuel S. , Metzger Jeanette M. , Bondarenko Viktoriya , Wang Yuyuan , Felton Jesi , Levine Jon E. , Saha Krishanu , Gong Shaoqin , Emborg Marina E.
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Targeted gene editing is proposed as a therapeutic approach for numerous disorders, including neurological diseases. As the brain is organized into neural networks, it is critical to understand how anatomically connected structures are affected by genome editing. For example, neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) project to the striatum, and the striatum contains neurons that project to the substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNpr).

Methods: Here, we report the effect of injecting genome editors into the striatum of Ai14 reporter mice, which have a LoxP-flanked stop cassette that prevents expression of the red fluorescent protein tdTomato. Two weeks following intracerebral delivery of either synthetic nanocapsules (NCs) containing CRISPR ribonucleoprotein targeting the tdTomato stop cassette or adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors expressing Cre recombinase, the brains were collected, and the presence of tdTomato was assessed in both the striatum and SN.

Results: TdTomato expression was observed at the injection site in both the NC- and AAV-treated groups and typically colocalized with the neuronal marker NeuN. In the SN, tdTomato-positive fibers were present in the pars reticulata, and SNpr area expressing tdTomato correlated with the size of the striatal genome edited area.

Conclusion: These results demonstrate in vivo anterograde axonal transport of reporter gene protein products to the SNpr following neuronal genome editing in the striatum.
The application and progress of stem cells in auricular cartilage regeneration: a systematic review
Authors: Liu Yu , Wu Wenqing , Seunggi Chun , Li Zhengyong , Huang Yeqian , Zhou Kai , Wang Baoyun , Chen Zhixing , Zhang Zhenyu
Published: July 2023

Background: The treatment of microtia or acquired ear deformities by surgery is a significant challenge for plastic and ENT surgeons; one of the most difficult points is constructing the scaffold for auricular reconstruction. As a type of cell with multiple differentiation potentials, stem cells play an essential role in the construction of cartilage scaffolds, and therefore have received widespread attention in ear reconstructive research.

Methods: A literature search was conducted for peer-reviewed articles between 2005 and 2023 with the following keywords: stem cells; auricular cartilage; ear cartilage; conchal cartilage; auricular reconstruction, regeneration, and reparation of chondrocytes; tissue engineering in the following databases: PubMed, MEDLINE, Cochrane, and Ovid.

Results: Thirty-three research articles were finally selected and their main characteristics were summarized. Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs), bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs), perichondrial stem/progenitor cells (PPCs), and cartilage stem/progenitor cells (CSPCs) were mainly used in chondrocyte regeneration. Injecting the stem cells into the cartilage niche directly, co-culturing the stem cells with the auricular cartilage cells, and inducing the cells in the chondrogenic medium in vitro were the main methods that have been demonstrated in the studies. The chondrogenic ability of these cells was observed in vitro, and they also maintained good elasticity and morphology after implantation in vivo for a period of time.

Conclusion: ADSC, BMMSC, PPC, and CSPC were the main stem cells that have been researched in craniofacial cartilage reconstruction, the regenerative cartilage performed highly similar to normal cartilage, and the test of AGA and type II collagen content also proved the cartilage property of the neo-cartilage. However, stem cell reconstruction of the auricle is still in the initial stage of animal experiments, transplantation with such scaffolds in large animals is still lacking, and there is still a long way to go.
NS1 and PA-X of H1N1/09 influenza virus act in a concerted manner to manipulate the innate immune response of porcine respiratory epithelial cells
Authors: Avanthay Robin , Garcia-Nicolas Obdulio , Zimmer Gert , Summerfield Artur
Published: July 2023

Live-attenuated influenza A viruses (LAIV) may be superior to inactivated or subunit vaccines since they can be administered via mucosal routes to induce local immunity in the respiratory tract. In addition, LAIV are expected to trigger stronger T-cell responses that may protect against a broader range of antigen-drifted viruses. However, the development of LAIV is challenging since a proper balance between immunogenicity and safety has to be reached. In this study, we took advantage of reverse genetics to generate three LAIV based on the pandemic H1N1 2009 (pH1N1/09) virus strain: ΔPA-X, which is defective in the synthesis of the accessory PA-X protein, NS1(1-126) lacking 93 amino acids at the C-terminus of the NS1 protein, and a combination of both. Characterization of these recombinant viruses using a novel porcine bronchiolar epithelial cell line (T3) revealed that the ΔPA-X mutant replicated similar to wild type (WT) virus. However, in contrast to the parental virus the ΔPA-X mutant allowed transcription of genes involved in cell cycle progression and limits apoptosis. The NS1(1-126) mutant also replicated comparable to WT virus, but triggered the release of type I and III IFN and several chemokines and cytokines. Surprisingly, only the NS1(1-126)/ΔPA-X double mutant was significantly attenuated on T3 cells, and this was associated with enhanced transcription of genes of the innate immune system and complete absence of apoptosis induction. In conclusion, these findings indicate that NS1 and PA-X act in a concerted manner to manipulate the host cell response, which may help to develop swine LAIV vaccine with a more favorable balance of safety and immunogenicity.
Effect and possible mechanisms of saponins in Chinese herbal medicine exerts for the treatment of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in experimental animal: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Sun Jiahao , Fan Jiarong , Yang Fan , Su Xin , Li Xinye , Tian Li , Liu Can , Xing Yanwei
Published: July 2023

Introduction

Preventing ischemia-reperfusion injury is the main direction of myocardial infarction treatment in the convalescent stage. Some studies have suggested that saponins in Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) preparations can protect the myocardium by various mechanisms. Our meta-analysis aims to evaluate the efficacy of TCM saponins in treating myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) and to summarize the potential molecular mechanisms further.

Methods

We conducted a literature search in six electronic databases [Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Sinomed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI)] until October 2022.

Results

Seventeen eligible studies included 386 animals (254 received saponins and 132 received vehicles). The random effect model is used to calculate the combined effect. The effect size is expressed as the weighted average difference (WMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Compared with placebo, saponins preconditioning reduced infarct size after MIRI significantly (WMD: −3.60,95% CI: −4.45 to −2.74, P < 0.01, I2: 84.7%, P < 0.001), and significantly increased EF (WMD: 3.119, 95% CI: 2.165 to 4.082, P < 0.01, I2: 82.9%, P < 0.0 L) and FS (WMD: 3.157, 95% CI: 2.218 to 4.097, P < 0.001, I2: 81.3%, P < 0.001).

Discussion

The results show that the pre-administration of saponins from TCM has a significant protective effect on MIRI in preclinical studies, which provides an application prospect for developing anti-MIRI drugs with high efficiency and low toxicity.
Estimation of life's essential 8 score with incomplete data of individual metrics
Authors: Zheng Yi , Huang Tianyi , Guasch-Ferre Marta , Hart Jaime , Laden Francine , Chavarro Jorge , Rimm Eric , Coull Brent , Hu Hui
Published: July 2023

Background

The American Heart Association's Life's Essential 8 (LE8) is an updated construct of cardiovascular health (CVH), including blood pressure, lipids, glucose, body mass index, nicotine exposure, diet, physical activity, and sleep health. It is challenging to simultaneously measure all eight metrics at multiple time points in most research and clinical settings, hindering the use of LE8 to assess individuals' overall CVH trajectories over time.

Materials and methods

We obtained data from 5,588 participants in the Nurses' Health Studies (NHS, NHSII) and Health Professionaĺs Follow-up Study (HPFS), and 27,194 participants in the 2005–2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) with all eight metrics available. Individuals' overall cardiovascular health (CVH) was determined by LE8 score (0–100). CVH-related factors that are routinely collected in many settings (i.e., demographics, BMI, smoking, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and diabetes) were included as predictors in the base models of LE8 score, and subsequent models further included less frequently measured factors (i.e., physical activity, diet, blood pressure, and sleep health). Gradient boosting decision trees were trained with hyper-parameters tuned by cross-validations.

Results

The base models trained using NHS, NHSII, and HPFS had validated root mean squared errors (RMSEs) of 8.06 (internal) and 16.72 (external). Models with additional predictors further improved performance. Consistent results were observed in models trained using NHANES. The predicted CVH scores can generate consistent effect estimates in associational studies as the observed CVH scores.

Conclusions

CVH-related factors routinely measured in many settings can be used to accurately estimate individuals' overall CVH when LE8 metrics are incomplete.
An engineered biomaterial to harness the differentiation potential of endogenous human gingival mesenchymal stem cells (hGMSCs)
Authors: Hasani-Sadrabadi Mohammad Mahdi , Yuan Weihao , Sevari Sevda , Yu Bo , Ansari Sahar , Moshaverinia Alireza
Published: July 2023

Here, we developed a stromal cell-derived factor-1a (SDF-1α) delivery biomaterial as an artificial polymeric-based niche with the ability to recruit local endogenous human gingival mesenchymal stem cells (hGMSCs) for craniofacial bone regeneration applications. Polydopamine-coated poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL)-gelatin electrospun membranes were loaded with stromal cell-derived factor-1α (SDF-1α) via physical adsorption. Subsequently, the release profile of SDF-1α and the chemotactic capacity on human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMMSCs) and hGMSCs were evaluated. The osteogenic differentiation capacity of the recruited MSCs was also assessed in vitro. Our results confirmed the sustainable release of SDF-1α from the developed biomaterial promoting the migration and homing of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMMSCs) and hGMSCs. Moreover, the results of the osteogenic differentiation assay showed that SDF-1α delivery significantly enhanced osteogenic differentiation of hBMMSCs and hGMSCs and up-regulated the gene expression of osteogenic markers compared to the control group. In conclusion, the current study successfully developed a novel and effective treatment modality for craniofacial bone regeneration by recruiting the autogenous progenitor cells including hGMSCs. The developed niches can potentially lead to the development of a novel platform for targeted manipulation of in vivo microenvironment to achieve efficient and safe craniofacial cell reprogramming, which also will pave the road to determine the capacity of local hGMSCs' contribution to in situ bone regeneration.
Reconstructing runoff components and glacier mass balance with climate change: Niyang river basin, southeastern Tibetan plateau
Authors: He Qiule , Kuang Xingxing , Ma Enze , Chen Jianxin , Feng Yuqing , Zheng Chunmiao
Published: July 2023

The southeastern part of the Tibetan Plateau (TP), one of the regions with the largest glacier distribution on the plateau, has been experiencing a significant loss in glacier mass balance (GMB) in recent decades due to climate warming. In this study, we used the Spatial Processes in Hydrology (SPHY) model and satellite data from LANDSAT to reconstruct the runoff components and glacier mass balance in the Niyang River basin (NRB). The measured river discharge data in the basin during 2000–2008 were used for model calibration and validation. Then, the validated model was applied to reconstruct the runoff components and GMB in the Niyang River basin for the period 1969–2013. Results showed that rainfall runoff (67%) was the dominant contributor to total runoff, followed by snowmelt runoff (14%), glacier melt runoff (10%), and baseflow (9%). The NRB experienced a severe loss in GMB, with a mean value of −1.26 m w. e./a (corresponding to a cumulative glacier mass loss of −56.72 m w. e.) during 1969–2013. During periods Ⅰ (1969–1983), Ⅱ (1984–1998), and Ⅲ (1999–2013) glacier mass loss was simulated at rates of −1.27 m w. e./a, −1.18 m w. e./a, and −1.33 m w. e./a, respectively. The annual loss of glacier mass in the northern region of the NRB (−1.43 m w. e./a) was significantly greater than that of the southern region (−0.53 m w. e./a) from 1969 to 2013, largely due to temperature variations, especially in summer months. These findings enhance our understanding of how different hydrological processes respond to climate change and provide a potential method to study runoff components and GMB in other glacierized catchments worldwide.
Comparison of machine learning and statistical methods in the field of renewable energy power generation forecasting: a mini review
Authors: Dou Yibo , Tan Shuwen , Xie Dongwei
Published: July 2023

In the post-COVID-19 era, countries are paying more attention to the energy transition as well as tackling the increasingly severe climate crisis. Renewable energy has attracted much attention because of its low economic costs and environmental friendliness. However, renewable energy cannot be widely adopted due to its high intermittency and volatility, which threaten the security and stability of power grids and hinder the operation and scheduling of power systems. Therefore, research on renewable power forecasting is important for integrating renewable energy and the power grid and improving operational efficiency. In this mini-review, we compare two kinds of common renewable power forecasting methods: machine learning methods and statistical methods. Then, the advantages and disadvantages of the two methods are discussed from different perspectives. Finally, the current challenges and feasible research directions for renewable energy forecasting are listed.
Taking advantage of water scarcity? Concentration of agricultural land and the politics behind water governance in Chile
Authors: Perez-Silva Rodrigo , Castillo Mayarí
Published: July 2023

Chile is currently facing a major drought that has caused several problems, most of them concentrated in terms of the availability of water for both human consumption and irrigation for agriculture. Under such conditions, the main instrument the government has at hand to assign water for agricultural use is the Water Scarcity Decree (WSD), which, among other aspects, allows for the extraction of underground water. However, this practice requires an important investment from the agricultural producer, making it only affordable by relatively larger producers. Therefore, under the current climatic conditions and a generalized lack of water, larger agricultural producers are the ones who benefit the most from the establishment of a WSD and thus have the incentives to use their political power to pressure for its issuing. Whereas conventional wisdom suggest that this is indeed the case, there is no previous evidence trying to link the size of agricultural exploitations and the likelihood of the establishment of a WSD. In the paper we use the share of large exploitations at the municipality level, as a measure that can proxy for local political power, and the establishment, the number, and duration of WSD within any given year. Consistent with the hypothesis, our results show that areas dominated by larger producers/exploitations are more likely to be declared as water scarce, to have more decrees in a year, and to have them in place for longer periods of time, even after controlling for socioeconomic characteristics and climatic conditions, such as precipitations and water flow.