bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Changes in The Utilization Rate of Traditional Chinese Medicine During the 2019 Coronavirus Pandemic
Authors: Lin Shun-Ku , Wu Chien-Tung , Liu Chia-Jen , Chou Hui-Jer , Ko Fu-Yang , Huang Ching-Hsuan , Lai Jung-Nien
Published: September 2020

Background: Large-scale epidemics have changed people’s medical behavior, and patients tend to delay non-urgent medical needs. However, the impact of the pandemic on the use of complementary and alternative medicine remains unknown. Methods: This retrospective study aimed to analyze the changes in the number of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) patients and examine the epidemic prevention policy during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. We analyzed the number of TCM patients in Taipei City Hospital from January 2017 to May 2020. We tallied the numbers of patients in each month and compared them with those in the same months last year. We calculated the percentage difference in the number of patients to reveal the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on TCM utilization. We used the Mann­–Whitney U test to examine whether there was a significant difference in the number of patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results: We included a total of 41 months and 1,935,827 patients in this study. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the number of patients decreased significantly, except in February 2020. The numbers of patients during the COVID-19 pandemic had fallen by more than 15% compared with those in the same months last year. March and April had the greatest number of patient losses, with falls of 32.8% and 40%, respectively. TCM patients declined significantly during the COVID-19 pandemic, and mobile medicine provided to rural areas fell considerably. Among all the TCM specialties, pediatrics and traumatology, as well as infertility treatment, witnessed the most significant decline in the number of patients. However, the number of cancer patients has reportedly increased. Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic decreased the utilization rate of TCM, especially for mobile healthcare in rural areas. We suggest that the government pay attention to the medical disparity between urban and rural areas, which are affected by the pandemic, as well as allocate adequate resources in areas deprived of medical care.
Covid-19 Containment Measure Analysis of Global & Indian Data with Predictive Model Comparison
Authors: Saha Debojyoti , Ghosh Debanjan , Ganguly Pranita , Banerjee Anish , Gangopadhyaya Malay
Published: September 2020

In the constant fight with the uncertainty of life and a broken economic and mental stature, machine learning and analysis is striving to identify probable remedies and even trying to predict the future of this hostile situation. Visualisation of treatment procedures, health data and economic data yields an in-depth analysis of the scenario. Remedial measures can be practised based on the predictive outcome. We performed predictive and statistical models like the SEIR for building highly accurate and analytical data outputs and plots for better visualisation of the data. This work aims to analyse the spread of the virus across the world and different regions in India and predict the near future of this pandemic in social, health and economic sectors.
Room-Temperature Switching of Spin-State in Single-Molecule Junctions
Authors: Li Jing , Wu QingQing , Xu Wei , Wang Hai-Chuan , Zhang Hewei , Tang Yongxiang , Hou Songjun , Chen Yaorong , Lambert Colin , Hong Wenjing
Published: September 2020

The emerging of molecular spintronics offers a unique chance for the design of molecular devices with different spin-state, and the control of spin-state becomes essential for molecular spin switches. However, the intrinsic spin switching from low-spin to high-spin state is a temperature-dependent process with a small energy barrier that low temperature is required to maintain the low-spin state, and thus the room-temperature operation of single-molecule devices have not yet been achieved. Here, we investigated the single-molecule charge transport through a diamagnetic square planar nickel(II) porphyrin using the scanning tunneling microscope break-junction (STM-BJ) technique. The reversible single-molecule conductance switches are demonstrated by utilizing a coordination-induced spin-state switching to manipulate the spin state between S = 0 and S = 1 at room temperature. Furthermore, the different coordinated complexes could be distinguished from the conductance traces, which cannot be realized by the ensemble investigations such as NMR and UV-vis spectrums. The combined DFT calculations revealed that the conductance changes come from the different spin-states of the molecules varying the number of coordination ligands, suggesting coordination-induced spin-state switching provides a new way towards room-temperature molecular spintronics.
Brain Natriuretic Peptide is an Indicator for Early Risk-stratification and Management for COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Li Pengping , Wu Wei , Zhang Tingting , Wang Ziyu , Li Jie , Zhu Mengyan , Liang Yuan , You Wenhua , Li Kening , Ding Rong , Huang Bin , Wu Lingxiang , Duan Weiwei , Han Yi , Li Xuesong , Tang Xin , Wang Xin , Wang Qianghu , Xia Xinyi , Yong Ji , Chen Hongshan
Published: September 2020

Background: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has resulted in high mortality worldwide. However, information regarding cardiac markers for precise risk-stratification is limited. We aimed to discover a sensitive and reliable early-warning biomarker for optimizing management and improving COVID-19 patients’ prognosis. Methods: This single-center case series was conducted between February 4 and April 10, 2020. In total, 2,954 consecutive COVID-19 patients who were receiving treatment at Wuhan Huoshenshan Hospital in China were included in the retrospectively selected cohort. All patients were diagnosed with COVID-19 and treated at the study site. Data of serum levels of cardiac markers, coronary artery disease (CAD) diagnosis, and survival were collected after admission. Single-cell RNA-sequencing was performed to analyze severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) receptor expression.Results: Median patient age was 60 years (range, 50-68 years); 1,461 (49.5%) were female, and 1,515 (51.3%) patients were in a severe/critical condition. Compared to mild/moderate patients (1,439, 48.7%), severe/critical patients showed significantly higher levels of cardiac markers within the first week after admission. Among severe/critical COVID-19 patients, those with abnormal serum levels of brain natriuretic peptide had a significantly higher mortality rate than patients with normal levels. Severe/critical COVID-19 patients with pre-existing CAD (165/1,155 [10.9%]) had more cases of abnormal brain natriuretic peptide levels than those without CAD. Enhanced SARS-CoV-2 receptor expression was observed in patients with CAD. Regression analysis revealed that patients with elevated brain natriuretic peptide levels were at a higher risk of death (hazards ratio, 1.001 [95% confidence interval, 1.0003-1.002]). Conclusions: Brain natriuretic peptide is an effective biomarker for early risk assessment in COVID-19 patients with or without pre-existing CAD. Monitoring BNP status will improve the risk-stratification management and prognosis of patients within one week after admission.
Identification of a Cell Cycle Gene Signature Predicting Survival in Patients with Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Lei , Yang Shize , Yu Zhenglun
Published: September 2020

Purpose: Lung cancer (LC) is one of the most important and common malignant tumours, and its incidence and mortality are increasing annually. Lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) is the most common pathological type of LC. A small number of biomarkers have been certified to be consistent with its survival and prognosis by data excavation. However, the moderate forecast effect of a single gene biomarker is not accurate. Thus, we planned to find new gene signatures to preferably predict LUSC. Methods: Using the mRNA mining method, we enforced mRNA expression analyzing in big LUSC cohorts (n=504) from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and gene set variation analysis (GSVA) were enforced, and relations between genes and the cell cycle were got with the Cox proportional hazards regression model. Results: We confirmed a set of four genes (CDKN1A, CHEK2, E2F4 and RAD21) that was importantly related to overall survival (OS) in the test succession. Based on the four-gene signature, the patients were separated into high-risk and low-risk teams. Moreover ,multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that the prognostic value of the four-gene signature and clinical factors were mutual independent.Conclusion: Our research demonstrated connections between the four-gene signature and LUSC. Novel insights into mechanisms of the cell cycle were also revealed after determining that the biomarkers were related to a poor prognosis in LUSC patients.
Phytochemical Composition and Antibacterial Activities of the Ethyl Acetate Leaf Extract of Ocimum basilicum
Authors: Rapando Japheth Wambani , Ngugi Mathew Piero , Muturi Margaret , Ogutu James Opiyo
Published: September 2020

IntroductionAntibiotic resistance is a serious threat to humankind. There is need for the development of new therapeutic options. Ocimum basilicum has been used traditionally as a medicinal herb against infectious diseases and as a food additive. ObjectiveThis study aimed at evaluating the phytochemical composition and in vitro antibacterial activities of the ethyl acetate leaf extract of Ocimum basilicum. MethodsOcimum basilicum leaves were collected from Mbeere, Embu County, Kenya and ethyl acetate extraction done at Kenyatta University. Phytochemical composition was evaluated by Gas chromatograph mass spectrophotometry while antibacterial activities were evaluated by disc diffusion and broth microdilution methods. The test microorganisms were methicillin resistant S. aureus, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa and E. coli. ResultsThe extract exhibited a broad spectrum antibacterial activity. The gram negative bacteria showed more susceptibility to the organic extract compared to the gram positive bacteria. Pseudomonas aeruginosa had the highest zone of inhibition (27.00 ± 2.00 mm), while the S. aureus isolate had the lowest zone of inhibition (24.00 ± 1.00 mm). Escherichia coli, S. aureus and MRSA species had an MIC of 62.5 mg/ml compared to P. aeruginosa with an MIC of 125mg/ml when exposed to the leaf extract. The antibacterial activity could be attributed to the synergistic effects of phytochemicals such as terpenoids, alkaloids, essential oils, fatty acids, flavonoids and aldehydes that have been known to have antimicrobial properties. A total of 30 phytochemical compounds were eluted from the extract of O. basilicum. Nootkatone, a sesquiterpenoid had the highest concentration at 20.86mg/g. The compound 1,3-Dimethyl-5-isobutylcyclohexane, a fatty acid had the lowest concentration at 0.10mg/g. ConclusionO. basilicum has antibacterial activities on the tested pathogens and can be used to treat infections. Phytochemicals with antibacterial effects in the herb can be used as lead molecules in developing new antibacterial drugs.
Simplified Predictive Nomogram for Postprostatectomy Patients Treated with High-dose Salvage Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy
Authors: Wang Yu-Jen , Huang Chao-Yuan , Hou Wei-Hsien , Yu Hong-Jen , Lai Ming-Kuen , Liu Shihh-Ping , Pu Yeong-Shau , Cheng Jason Chia-Hsien
Published: September 2020

Purpose:The role of salvage radiotherapy (RT) is established in prostate cancer patients undergoing radical prostatectomy (RP) with biochemical failure (BCF). Intensity modulated RT (IMRT) is adapted for post-RP treatment. This study aimed to investigate the prognostic factors and develop a nomogram to predict biochemical control in patients treated with exclusively salvage high-dose IMRT for post-RP BCF.Materials and Methods:One hundred and eleven patients underwent post-RP IMRT, and 92 patients were enrolled after excluding patients with adjuvant RT or lymph node metastasis on RP. Fifty-two percent of patients had androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT). Moreover, 20% and 34% had pathological T3a and T3b disease, respectively, and 70% had positive surgical margins. The median dose of IMRT was 70 Gy to the prostatic and seminal vesicle bed. Using multivariable Cox regression analysis, a nomogram model was generated to predict the probability of BCF after salvage IMRT.Results:The 5-year BCF-free survival (BFFS), metastasis-free survival (MFS), and overall survival (OS) after salvage IMRT were 56%, 89%, and 88%, respectively. Post-RP prostate-specific antigen (PSA) nadir >0.1 ng/ml (p=0.004), PSA >0.5 ng/ml at salvage IMRT (p=0.016), and Gleason score ≥8 (p=0.013) were independent unfavorable prognostic factors for BFFS on multivariate analyses. The use of ADT, T3a/T3b disease, and positive surgical margins were not associated with BFFS. The predictions from the 3-factor nomogram (post-RP PSA nadir, pre-IMRT PSA, and Gleason score) appeared to be discriminative. The concordance index was 0.713, similar to 0.739 from the 7-factor nomogram with the addition of ADT, T3a/3b, positive margins, and IMRT dose ≥70 Gy.Conclusion:Salvage IMRT for post-RP BCF achieved a satisfactory outcome. The simplified 3-factor (post-RP PSA nadir, pre-IMRT PSA, and Gleason score) nomogram predicted biochemical control and demanded further validation.
Molecular Detection of blaoxa-23 Gene from Carbapenem Resistant Acinetobacter Baumannii Isolated from a Tertiary Care Hospital of Nepal
Authors: Neupane Laxmi , Shah Anil Kumar , Rayamajhee Binod , Singh Anjana
Published: September 2020

Background: Infections associated with Acinetobacter baumannii are increasing in many parts of the world especially the healthcare associated infections (HAIs). Antibiotics resistance is a great concern of public health which is either an inherent or adaptation property of microorganisms to resist the action of antibiotics. Carbapenem resistance, mainly among gram-negative bacteria is an ongoing problem that causes serious infections and dramatically limits the treatment alternatives. The prospective cross-sectional study was designed to detect the blaOXA-23 gene from carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii isolates in a tertiary care hospital of Nepal. Methods: A total of 380 clinical specimens (tracheal aspirate, urine, sputum, blood and wound samples, Foleys tips, and catheter tips) were collected from the study population and were examined by microbiological procedures including Gram’s staining, culture, and various biochemical tests. Antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST) was done as per the protocol of Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion technique and the CLSI guidelines while screening of carbapenemase production was checked through Modified Hodge Test (MHT) using Meropenem (10µg) disc. All the phenotypically positive results for carbapenemase production were further analysed by PCR and agarose gel electrophoresis for molecular detection of the blaOXA-23 gene. Results: Among 380 specimens analysed, 55.3% (210/310) of samples were positive for bacterial growth where 15.7% (33/210) of bacterial isolates were A. baumannii and 69.7% (23/33) were carbapenem-resistant. High prevalence (21.2%) of A. baumannii was among the patients of age group 51-60 followed by 41-50 years (18.2%) years but the result was statistically insignificant (P>0.05) and more isolates were from ICU (60.6%) followed by post-operative patients (18.2%) The blaOXA-23 carbapenemase gene was found in 82.6% (19/23) of meropenem resistant isolates while 97% isolates of A. baumannii were susceptible to colistin. Conclusion: The high rate of antibiotic resistance is funnelling the therapeutic options for the treatment of infections associated with A. baumannii which clearly shows a need for rational use of antibiotics. Systematic network surveillance should be established for monitoring and controlling the spread of the antibiotic-resistant gene of pathogenic bacteria especially in a resource-limited clinical setting like Nepal.
Left Atrial Dysfunction in Cardiac Amyloidosis and Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Cui Shanshan , Wang Yueheng , Bai Hui
Published: September 2020

This study aims to explore the changes of left atrial function in patients with cardiac amyloidosis (CA) by speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) and identify the difference of left atrial properties between patients with CA and those with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). In this study, 16 patients with CA, 16 patients with HCM, and 16 age-matched healthy controls were enrolled. The time-dependent strain parameters (LASr, LAScd, and LASdt) and strain rate parameters (m-SRs, m-SRe, and m-SRa) of left atrial function were measured by STE in patients with CA, then were compared with that in patients with HCM. Compared with the control group, CA group showed significantly reduced LVEDV/BSA, LVESV/BSA, A, and GLS of the left ventricle, and significantly increased heart rate, IVSd, IVPWd, E, E/A, E/e', LAd and LAV/BSA. The left atrial reserve (LASr and m-SRs), conduit (LAScd and m-SRe) and pump (LASdt and mSRa) functions of CA group were significantly reduced compared with that of controls (P<0.05). The left atrial reserve and pump functions of CA group were significantly reduced compared with that of HCM group. In the CA group, the left atrial reserve function (LASr and m-SRs), conduit function (LAScd and m-SRe) and pump function (LASct and m-SRa) were all related to left ventricular GLS and E/e'. The reserve function, conduit function and pump function of left atrial in the CA group decreased significantly than that in the health control group. When comparing with HCM group, CA group showed reduced reserve function and pump function of left atrial. STE is a qualified technique for the diagnosis of CA.
Biweekly Raltitrexed in Combination with Irinotecan (RIR) as Second-Line Therapy for Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: A Non-Randomized, Open-Label Phase II Trial.
Authors: Cheng Ke , Zhou Yu-Wen , Chen Ye , Li Zhi-Ping , Qiu Meng , Liu Ji-Yan
Published: September 2020

Background Irinotecan-based doublet chemotherapy strategy was standard second-line backbone treatment for patients with oxaliplatin‑refractory metastatic colorectal cancer(mCRC). The aim of this study was to evaluate tolerability and efficacy of raltitrexed combined with irinotecan biweekly administered as the second-line therapy for mCRC patients.Methods The study was a single-center, non-randomized, open-label phase II trial. Patients with mCRC after failure with first-line treatment of oxaliplatin and fluoropyrimidine or its derivatives were enrolled. Irinotecan (180 mg/m2) and raltitrexed (2.5 mg/m2) were given intravenously on day 1. Cycles were repeated every 2 weeks. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival, and the secondary endpoints included overall response rate, disease control rate, overall survival and treatment related adverse events. Results Between December 2012 and October 2016, 35 patients were enrolled. 33 and 35 patients were assessed for response and safety, respectively. The overall response rate (ORR) was 8.6 %, and the disease control rate (DCR) was 71.4%. The median progression-free survival (PFS) was 4.5 months (95% CI 3.8–5.2). The median overall survival was 12.0 months (95% CI 8.5–15.5). Four patients received conversion therapy to no evidence of disease (NED), and 2 patients were still alive with beyond 24 months survival. The most common grade 3/4 hematological adverse events were leukopenia (8.6%), neutropenia (5.7%). The most common grade 3/4 nonhematological adverse events were anorexia (14.3%), vomiting (14.3%), nausea (11.4%) and fatigue (8.6%). Two patients discontinued the protocol treatment because of treatment-related gastrointestinal adverse events. No one died from treatment-related events. The incidence and severity of toxicity was irrelevant to UGT1A1 status.Conclusions The combination of irinotecan with raltitrexed is an active, convenient and acceptable toxic regimen for second-line treatment for mCRC patients, which needs further study as a chemotherapy backbone to be combined with targeted agents in mCRC.Trial registration No. ChiCTR-ONC-12002767. The study was registered with the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry at 29 Octorber 2012, http://www.chictr.org.cn/index.aspx.
Blood Cultures and Broad-Spectrum Antimicrobials are Essential for Patients with Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Lee Ching-Chi , Chen Po-Lin , Hong Ming-Yuan , Lin Chih-Hao , Ko Wen-Chien
Published: September 2020

Background: Etiologies of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) have been majorly focused on cardiac origins. Little is known regarding the role of bloodstream infections (BSIs) in OHCA episodes. Our aim was to disclose clinical features and incidences of BSIs and the survival benefit of prompt administration of appropriate antimicrobial therapy (AAT) in adults with OHCA.Methods: In the 10-year multicenter cohort, clinical information was retrospectively collected and causative microorganisms were prospectively stored for species identification and susceptibilities. The effect of delayed AAT administration on 30-day mortality was examined after adjustment for independent predictors of mortality, recognized by a multivariate regression analysis.Results: Of 1,021,177 emergency department encounters, OHCA visits had a higher BSI incidence than non-OHCA visits (413/3,429, 12.0% vs. 7,429/242,302, 3.1%; P<0.001). Compared with the matched non-OHCA (2,478) patients, OHCA (413) patients experienced more bacteremic episodes due to lower respiratory tract infections, fewer urosepsis events, fewer Escherichia coli bacteremia, and more streptococcal and anaerobes bacteremia. More antimicrobial-resistant organisms, such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae, were evident in OHCA patients. Notably, each hour delay in AAT administration was associated with an average increase of 0.8% in crude 30-day mortality rates (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 1.008; P = 0.04) in OHCA patients, 7% (AOR, 1.007; P < 0.001) in critically ill patients without OHCA, and 3% (AOR, 1.003; P < 0.001) in less critically ill patients.Conclusions: BSIs should be considered in patients experiencing OHCA; bacteremia sources, causative microorganisms, and antimicrobial susceptibilities differed between the OHCA and non-OHCA patients. The incorporation of blood culture samplings and rapid initiation of broad-spectrum antimicrobial therapy as the first-aids is essential for OHCA patients.
Von Verfügungen über das (Nicht-) Zustandekommen eidgenössischer Referenden und den Tücken bei deren Anfechtung
Authors: Markić Luka
Published: September 2020

Das kürzlich ergangene Bundesgerichtsurteil BGE 146 I 126 beschäftigt sich mit der Frage der Anfechtbarkeit von Verfügungen der Bundeskanzlei im Zusammenhang mit dem Zustandekommen von eidgenössischen Referenden. Aufgrund einer Gesetzesänderung aus dem Jahre 2007 war es dem Bundesgericht verwehrt, auf die Beschwerde einzutreten. Dieser Kommentar befasst sich nicht nur mit dem Bundesgerichtsurteil, sondern zeigt ebenfalls auf, wie es beinahe unbemerkt zur Rechtsschutzeinschränkung bei den politischen Rechten in eidgenössischen Angelegenheiten kam.
The new approach to the assessment of hydrological design limits in engineering prospecting of the forest zone
Authors: Белоногова Н.А. , Виноградов А.Ю. , Генсиоровский Ю.А. , Казаков Н.А. , Кузьмин Н.А. , Минаев А.Н. , Никифоровский А.А. , Салминен Э.О.
Published: September 2020

В область интересов лесного хозяйства входят задачи обеспечения безопасности природных территорий, промышленных и жилых объектов, что может быть решено за счет безаварийного функционирования расположенных на них инженерных и гидротехнических сооружений. Затраты на строительство и эксплуатацию дорожных водопропускных сооружений напрямую зависят от результатов предпроектных расчетов возможной максимальной водности пересекаемых рек. Рассматриваются проблемы существующих гидрологических проектных ограничений и расчетных методик. Ставится под сомнение правомочность использования соответствующего математического аппарата, дается обоснование альтернативной системы таких ограничений. Приводится конкретный пример неоправданного завышения расчетных расходов воды для сооружения первого уровня ответственности, что является наиболее наглядным с точки зрения сравнительной оценки существующего и предлагаемого подходов к системе проектных ограничений. В качестве возможной альтернативы существующему подходу предложена расчетная схема. Установлено, что для малых водосборов, расположенных в центральной части зоны смешанных лесов, отношение максимального измеренного расхода каждой реки за период наблюдений к среднему максимальному не превышает 4. Отношение расчетного максимального вероятного паводка к среднему максимальному для рассматриваемой природной зоны - 10. Следовательно, в пределах, ограниченных этими значениями коэффициентов, в зависимости от ответственности лесохозяйственного сооружения и должна меняться расчетная величина максимального расхода.

The interests of forestry management include the tasks of security ensuring of natural areas, industrial and residential properties. This requirement can be achieved through the trouble-free operation of hydraulic engineering constructions located in this territory. The costs of construction and operation of road culverts depend on the results of calculations of the maximum water content of the crossed rivers. The article deals with the problems of the existing hydrological design constraints and calculation methods. The legitimacy of using the appropriate mathematical apparatus is under doubt. We justify an alternative system of such restrictions. There is a specific example of an unjustified overstatement of calculated water flow for the construction of the first level of responsibility. It is evident from the perspective of comparative assessment of the existing and proposed approaches to system of design constraints. The maximum measured river flow divided by the average of the maximum flow rate of less than 4. The estimated value of the probable maximum river flow divided by the average of the maximum flow rate of less than 10. The calculated value of the maximum flow rate should vary within these limits.
Organization of heterogeneous LAN with terminal access between its nodes
Authors: Хабаров С.П.
Published: September 2020

Предложен подход к построению виртуальных гетерогенных ЛВС на базе физически однородных ЛВС, при котором на каждом узле физической ЛВС устанавливается среда виртуализации, а на сервере размещаются файлы виртуальных машин с необходимыми для работы в составе ЛВС гостевыми ОС. Показана возможность организации работы с удаленными рабочими столами в системах Ubuntu-Windows и Ubuntu-Ubuntu. Отмечено, что рабочий стол узла на базе ОС Windows блокируется при входе на его удаленный рабочий стол, а узел с ОС Ubuntu позволяет одновременно работать как на основном, так и на нескольких удаленных рабочих столах. Использование протокола RDP позволяет в системе Ubuntu-Windows удаленно конфигурировать и настраивать множество узлов ЛВС, а в ОС Ubuntu Server 14.04 - организовывать одновременный доступ нескольких пользователей на один сервер, используя для каждого из них свой удаленный рабочий стол. Это позволит в компьютерном классе на базе ОС Windows организовать работу в среде ОС Ubuntu

This article proposes an approach to the construction of heterogeneous virtual LAN on the basis of physically homogeneous LAN. To do this on each node physical LAN installs the virtualization environment and the server are downloaded files of virtual machines with guest operating systems that are required to work as part of the LAN. In addition, we show the ability to work with remote desktop in Ubuntu-Windows and Ubuntu-Ubuntu systems. It is noted that a desktop of Windows is blocked for working when the other user connects to his remote desktop. Unlike Windows, LAN node with OS Ubuntu can work simultaneously as a main desktop, so multiple remote desktops. The use of the RDP protocol in LAN allows Ubuntu-Windows systems remotely configure and customize the set of LAN nodes, at the same time OS Ubuntu Server 14.04 allows to organize simultaneous access multiple users to a single server, using for each of them the own remote desktop. This allows the computer class based on Windows, use for organizing the work in an environment OS Ubuntu.
PROCESSOS PROJETUAIS NO DESIGN E NA ARQUITETURA
Authors: Carolino Andrea , De Andrade Silva Heitor , Gomes de Medeiros Wellington
Published: September 2020

Designers e arquitetos são profissionais que enfrentam diariamente a inquietude da constante busca pelas soluções projetuais. Apesar de suas semelhanças teóricas e técnicas existem nuances que diferenciam esses profissionais para desenvolvimento de um projeto. Diante desse contexto, a pesquisa buscou identificar as especificidades dos processos projetuais dos designers e arquitetos que atuam na cidade de Campina Grande – PB, traçando um panorama geral dos métodos mais difundidos de projeto de Design e de Arquitetura por profissionais brasileiros, além de descrever e entender as práticas projetuais encontradas, conhecer os processos projetuais dos designers e dos arquitetos a fim de perceber as diferenças e similaridades entre ambos os projetistas e identificar as variáveis do processo que se destacam como potencialidades no desenvolvimento de projetos. Para tanto, foi realizado um estudo de caso com dois escritórios na referida cidade, selecionado mediante adequação aos critérios propostos no estudo. Para coleta de dados foram utilizados os seguintes instrumentos: ficha de caracterização, questionário e roteiro de entrevista. A análise dos dados foi baseada nos métodos “análise do conteúdo”, “observação em pesquisas qualitativas” e “o discurso oral culto”. Ao final do estudo constatou-se que embora o ato de projetar seja o cerne das referidas profissões, o modo como é conduzido até o resultado final varia tanto entre as profissões, quanto entre os profissionais da mesma classe. Contudo, também é possível identificar aproximações
CAIC JOSÉ JOFFILY DE CAMPINA GRANDE
Authors: Melo Alcília Afonso , Santos Pereira Ivanilson
Published: September 2020

O artigo possui como objeto de estudo o complexo educacional do Centro de Atenção Integral à Criança (CAIC) José Jofilly, pertencente ao Governo do Estado da Paraíba, vinculado à Secretaria de Educação estadual, localizado no bairro das Malvinas, Campina Grande. O projeto foi inserido em um programa de desenvolvimento nacional de educação em tempo integral para a população de baixa-renda, tendo seu protótipo desenvolvido no início da década de 90, pelo arquiteto João da Gama Filgueiras Lima (o Lelé) e replicado em diversas cidades brasileiras. O artigo realiza um levantamento de dados históricos sobre a edificação e a obra, conhecido por anamnese. A investigação ocorreu através da observação das dimensões arquitetônicas do CAIC José Jofilly e dos valores das soluções projetuais e construtivas adotadas, observando seu atual estado de conservação. Tal proposta poderá servir de base paraa análise arquitetônica de outros complexos existentes no país e que encontram-se em estado de conservação precária. A atividade se justifica pois a obra é relativamente nova e de autoria de um mestre da arquitetura brasileira mas, mesmo assim, encontra-se com risco de demolição, sem a devida manutenção e conservação pelo poder público. Para apresentar tal levantamento será utilizada uma proposta metodológica desenvolvida pelo AUTOR 1 (2019), que propôs o estudo das dimensões arquitetônicas para a compreensão do objeto: Dimensão normativa; Dimensão histórica; Dimensão espacial (i. O espaço externo; ii. O espaço interno); Dimensão Tectônica; Dimensão Funcional; Dimensão formal; Dimensão da conservação do objeto.
AS TRANSFORMAÇÕES URBANAS E A RESSIGNIFICAÇÃO DOS ESPAÇOS LIVRES PÚBLICOS
Authors: Gabbi Polli Paula , Casarin Vanessa
Published: September 2020

Pautado no discurso e na percepção individual do habitante do bairro, o presente artigo busca compreender de que forma as transformações espaciais, associadas ao processo de desenvolvimento urbano, influenciam na ressignificação dos espaços livres públicos. Adota como objeto de análise o bairro Camobi, localizado na cidade de Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul. A partir de entrevistas realizadas com os moradores do bairro, sob a ótica do uso, representatividade e aspectos simbólicos, foi possível compreender as diversas razões que promovem a identificação do sujeito com os espaços livres públicos e que significado são associados a eles. Destaca-se que a qualificação dos aspectos físicos e visuais, aliados à diversidade de uso, concentração de pessoas e representatividade dos lugares influenciam na aproximação dos habitantes com a cidade. Da mesma forma, razões de ordem simbólica foram apontadas enquanto responsáveis na identificação do usuário com o local de moradia, são exemplos: sensação de segurança, relatos nostálgicos, sentimento de acolhimento ou de pertencimento a uma certa comunidade. Neste contexto, a pesquisa colaborou para a compreensão das relações que envolvem o viver urbano como elemento fundamental no entendimento e funcionamento das cidades, onde a qualificação dos espaços livres públicos e da vida urbana deve ser pensada de forma a atender aos anseios e às necessidades da população.
TRASDISCIPLINARIDADE NO ENSINO E PESQUISA DA GERAÇÃO DE FORMAS ARQUITETÔNICAS
Authors: Períes Lucas , Silvina Barraud
Published: September 2020

Na pesquisa apresentada neste artigo, é abordada a relação específica entre as ordens geométricas e a geração da forma arquitetônica contemporânea, com a intenção de fornecer ferramentas generativas que participem ativamente durante o processo de ensino e aprendizagem da morfologia. A disciplinaridade cruzada ou unidirecional é apresentada como uma condição das relações entre disciplinas e como uma abordagem que apela à procura de estruturas conceituais e técnicas em outros campos do conhecimento, aquelas com potencial para a sua transferência para a arquitetura. Neste contexto, a mistura é produzida em: leis, princípios, ferramentas e técnicas externas para a produção de conhecimento disciplinar integral.

A atenção é colocada na: física, matemática aplicada, hidrografia, ceraunología (parte da meteorologia que estuda os raios e seus fenômenos), neurologia e botânica, caracterizadas por favorecer a identificação de padrões com potencial de ensaio e sistematização através de práticas de indagação que contribuem para a geração de formas arquitetônicas. A natureza da pesquisa é qualitativa e o seu desenho metodológico é bibliográfico, exploratório e experimental. Numa primeira fase, é realizada a pesquisa documental e é especificada a classificação dos casos multidisciplinares. Numa segunda instância, o trabalho é colocado no âmbito da pesquisa projetual, e é experimentado a fim de produzir conhecimentos através da utilização do projeto e do seu processo de construção.
O COVID19 EXPLICITA A COLONIALIDADE DO NOSSO PROJETO DE MODERNIDADE
Authors: Lara Fernando L
Published: September 2020

O texto apresenta as principais ideias defendidas na Roda de Conversa Virtual do Grupo Projetar/UFRN realizada em 22 de julho de 2020, enfocando a relação entre Arquitetura e Pandemias, na perspectiva da história das Américas, o colonialismo e os impactos das pandemias sobre as populações nativas.
Lei Aldir Blanc
Authors: Turino Célio
Published: September 2020

Apresenta a Lei Aldir Blanc (Lei 14.017, de 29 de junho de 2020) e suas propostas para a subsistência de trabalhadores e espaços da área cultural impactados pela pandemia do Covid-19. Aconselha os gestores culturais do país a se familiarizar com a Lei e coloca caminhos para a concessão dos subsídios previstos na legislação.
Recombinant Expression and Characterization of Lemon (Citrus limon) Peroxidase
Authors: Pandey Veda P. , Tyagi Apoorvi , Ali Shagoofa , Yadav Kusum , Yadav Anurag , Shasany Ajit K. , Dwivedi Upendra N.
Published: September 2020

Background:

Class III plant peroxidases play important role in a number of physiological
processes in plants such as lignin biosynthesis, suberization, cell wall biosynthesis, reactive oxygen
species metabolism and plant defense against pathogens. Peroxidases are also of significance
in several industrial applications. In view of this, the production and identification of novel peroxidases
having resistance towards temperature, pH, salts is desirable.

Objective:

The objective of the present work was to clone and characterize a novel plant peroxidase
suitable for industrial application.

Methods:

A full length cDNA clone of lemon peroxidase was isolated using PCR and RACE approaches,
characterized and heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli using standard protocols.
The expressed peroxidase was purified using Ni-NTA agarose column and biochemically characterized
using standard protocols. The peroxidase was also in-silico characterized at nucleotide as well
as protein levels using standard protocols.

Results:

A full length cDNA clone of lemon peroxidase was isolated and expressed heterologously
in E. coli. The expressed recombinant lemon peroxidase (LPRX) was activated by in-vitro refolding
and purified. The purified LPRX exhibited pH and temperature optima of pH 7.0 and 50°C, respectively.
The LPRX was found to be activated by metal ions (Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+ and Mn2+) at lower
concentration. The expressional analysis of the transcripts suggested involvement of lemon peroxidase
in plant defense. The lemon peroxidase was in silico modelled and docked with the substrates
guaiacol, and pyrogallol and shown the favourability of pyrogallol over guaiacol, which is in agreement
with the in-vitro findings. The protein function annotation analyses suggested the involvement
of lemon peroxidase in the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway and plant defense mechanisms.

Conclusion:

Based on the biochemical characterization, the purified peroxidase was found to be resistant
towards the salts and thus, might be a good candidate for industrial exploitation. The in-silico
protein function annotation and transcript analyses highlighted the possible involvement of the
lemon peroxidase in plant defense response.
FADS1 is a Prognostic Biomarker in Bladder Cancer: A Study Based on TCGA Data
Authors: Lu Ying , Shao Jing , Shu Xu , Jiang Yaofei , Rong Jianfang , Lai Yongkang , Liu Ji
Published: September 2020

Aim and Objective:

Fatty acid desaturase 1 (FADS1) has been reported to be a potential biomarker in various
cancers. However, no study has explored the relationship between FADS1 expression and bladder cancer. Our study aimed
to investigate the role of FADS1 in bladder cancer prognosis via The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA).

Materials and Methods:

RNA-Seq expression of 414 tumor tissues and 19 paired normal tissues, as well as corresponding
clinical data, were downloaded from TCGA database. Two cancer cases were excluded due to a lack of clinical information.
The association between FADS1 and the clinicopathological features of bladder cancer was analyzed. This study was conducted in October of 2019 in China.

Results:

The high expression of FADS1 in bladder cancer was significantly related to histological grade (OR = 0.155 for
low vs. high), clinical stage (OR=2.074 for III or IV vs. I or II), T classification (OR=2.326 for T3 or T4 vs. T1 or T2), lymphatic metastasis (OR=1.923 for N1 or N2 or N3 vs. N0) and distant metastasis (OR=4.883 for yes vs. no) (all p-values
<0.05). Bladder cancer with high FADS1 levels was related to a worse prognosis than bladder cancer with low FADS1 levels (p= 1.626*10-5
), according to median expression value 3.622. FADS1 was an independent factor of overall survival in
bladder cancer, with a hazard ratio of 1.048 (95%CI: 1.020–1.077, p = 0.001).

Conclusions:

Increased FADS1 expression in bladder cancer is associated with advanced clinical pathological features and
may be a potential biomarker for poor prognosis.
Drug Repositioning: A Smart Approach for Combating SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Roy Supriya , Dhaneshwar Suneela
Published: September 2020

The enigmatic coronavirus outburst on December 31, 2019, originated from Wuhan city
of China, is now declared as Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) by the World Health Organization
(WHO). The causative agent is highly contagious, and its rapid blowout has affected almost every
country of the world, endangering thousands of lives. Recently, the WHO has raised the
COVID-19 epidemic threat to the “very high” level. Pathophysiological mechanisms are related to
the inter-related functioning of various viral polyproteins, structural proteins as well as Non-Structural
Proteins (NSP). These proteins play a crucial role in accelerating pathogenesis by promoting
viral replication, viral assembly, and virion release, thereby disabling the overall host distinctive
immunological system. Presently, there is no specific treatment for COVID-19. The majority of the
treatments focus on symptomatic relief and supportive therapy only. Although several drugs have
been investigated against coronavirus in numerous clinical trials, only a few exhibited mild-moderate
signs of clinical recovery. Drugs that are being repurposed and researched include an anti--
malarial drug, hydroxychloroquine; anti-HIV drugs, lopinavir, Remdesivir alone, or in combination;
anti-influenza drugs like umifenovir, and favilavir; anti-arthritic baracitinib, and anti-interleukins.
Various research articles demonstrated the excellent potential of hydroxychloroquine either
alone or in combination with anti-HIV drugs lopinavir, and Remdesivir at the cellular level;
however, exhaustive clinical support and validation are still desirable for repurposing these drugs.
Profound identification of cellular targets involved in disease pathogenesis may warrant successful
re-profiling of the candidate drugs or their combinations aiming against COVID-19.
Clinical Manifestations of Periodontal Tissue Diseases in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis Who Live in Anthropogenically Loaded Areas
Authors: Kovalyshyn Khristina , Rozhko Mykola
Published: September 2020

The objective of the study is to clinically assess the condition of periodontal tissues in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, living in anthropogenically loaded and environmentally friendly areas and in people with generalized periodontitis without concomitant somatic diseases.

Materials and methods. There were examined 137 patients, including 82 patients with generalized periodontitis of the I degree (subgroups A) and the II degree (subgroups B) with rheumatoid arthritis, living in anthropogenically loaded areas (group I), environmentally friendly areas (group II) and without concomitant somatic diseases living in environmentally friendly areas (group III). Control group – included 18 healthy people.

Periodontal tissues were evaluated according to the indices: Greene-Vermillion, PMA, periodontal index offered by Russel and the depth of periodontal pockets. 

Results. Women (80%) dominated in each group, patients with generalized periodontitis of the II degree of severity dominated, too.

 The highest depth of periodontal pockets was 5.02±0.11 mm in the IB subgroup and differed significantly from this figure in the IIB subgroup 1.07-fold (pIB-IIB<0.05) and from that in the IIIB subgroup 1.2-fold (pIB-IIIB<0.001). The value of the Greene-Vermilion index in patients with GP of the I degree of development in all subgroups A corresponded to “unsatisfactory”. In patients with GP of the II degree of development, the state of hygiene corresponded to “bad” in subgroups IB, IIB and was 3.04±0.11 points (pIB-IIB˂0.01, pIB-IIIB˂0.001, pIB-K˂0.001); 2,63 ± 0.07 points (pIIB-IB˂0.01, pIIB-IIIB˂0.001, pIIB-K˂0.001), in ІІІB – “unsatisfactory”. According to the indicators of the PMA index in patients with GP of the I degree of severity, we’ve found the average severity degree of gingivitis (within the range of 43.25±2.02 – 48.06±1.46%) and severe degree of gingivitis in patients with the GP of the II degree >50 %. The highest indicator of periodontal index was found in the IB subgroup – 6.16±0.10 points (pIB-IIB˂0.01, pIB-IIIB˂0.001, pIB-K˂0.001), which indicated a severe form of periodontitis.

Conclusion. Most often, GP in patients with RA was diagnosed in women, most of whom were patients with GP of the II degree (most in group I – 69.04%). The highest depth of periodontal pockets was 5.02±0.11 mm in the IB subgroup. The performed clinical and index assessment of periodontal tissues in patients of three groups indicates a more severe course of GP of the I and II degree in patients with rheumatoid arthritis living in anthropogenically loaded areas (IA, IB subgroups).
Correction: Nurse-Delivered Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Adherence and Depression Among People Living With HIV (the Ziphamandla Study): Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Joska John A , Andersen Lena S , Smith-Alvarez Rosana , Magidson Jessica , Lee Jasper S , O'Cleirigh Conall , Safren Steven A
Published: September 2020

UNSTRUCTURED

There is an unmet need to develop effective, feasible, and scalable interventions for poor adherence and depression in persons living with HIV in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of a nurse-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) intervention for adherence and depression (CBT-AD) among persons living with HIV who are failing first-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Cape Town, South Africa. This study is a 2-arm randomized controlled trial of CBT-AD integrated into the HIV primary care setting in South Africa. A total of 160 participants who did not achieve viral suppression from their first-line ART and have a unipolar depressive mood disorder will be randomized to receive either 8 sessions of CBT-AD or enhanced treatment as usual. Participants will be assessed for major depressive disorder using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview at baseline and 4, 8, and 12 months. The primary outcomes are depression on the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAM-D; as assessed by a blinded assessor) at the 4-month assessment and changes in ART adherence (assessed via real-time, electronic monitoring with Wisepill) between baseline and the 4-month assessment. Secondary outcomes are HIV viral load and CD4 cell count at the 12-month assessment as well as ART adherence (Wisepill) and depression (HAM-D) over follow-up (4-, 8-, and 12-month assessments). The trial commenced in August 2015 and recruitment began in July 2016. Enrollment was completed in June 2019. Results of this study will inform whether an existing intervention (CBT-AD) can be effectively administered in LMIC by nurses with training and ongoing supervision. This will present unique opportunities to further explore the scale-up of a behavioral intervention to enhance ART adherence among persons living with HIV with major depression in a high-prevalence setting, to move toward achieving The Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS 90-90-90 goals. ClincialTrials.gov NCT02696824; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02696824