bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Young and Dangerous: The Role of Youth in Risk Assessment Instruments
Authors: Yin Ingrid
Published: January 2022

States are increasingly adopting risk assessment instruments (RAIs) to help judges determine the appropriate type and length of punishment for an offender. Although this sentencing practice has been met with a wide variety of scholarly criticism, there has been virtually no discussion of how RAIs treat youth as a strong factor contributing to a high risk score. This silence is puzzling. Not only is youth undoubtedly the most powerful risk factor in most RAIs, but youth also holds a special place in the criminal justice system as a “mitigating factor of great weight.” This Comment presents the first in-depth critique of RAIs with respect to their treatment of youth. It argues that, as currently designed and implemented, RAIs both contradict longstanding and widespread views about the proper role of youth as a factor in punishment and undermine efforts to craft proportionate sentences consistent with principles of justice and modern social science.
The Status Hak Cipta sebagai Harta Sepencarian menurut Perspektif Perundangan Syariah
Authors: Farahin Muhammad , Muda Mohd Zamro
Published: January 2022

Peruntukan undang-undang keluarga Islam menyebut apa-apa aset yang diperoleh dalam tempoh perkahwinan boleh dituntut sebagai harta sepencarian. Namun begitu, status hak cipta sebagai harta sepencarian masih menjadi perdebatan. Oleh itu, objektif kajian bertujuan mengenal pasti konsep hak cipta sebagai harta sepencarian menurut perspektif perundangan syariah dan menganalisis status hak cipta sebagai harta sepencarian menurut pendapat ahli dan pengamal perundangan syariah. Reka bentuk kajian adalah secara kualitatif, iaitu analisis dokumen dan temu bual separa berstruktur. Data diperoleh melalui statut hak cipta dan harta sepencarian di Malaysia, fiqh empat mazhab sunni serta temu bual bersama-sama pengamal perundangan syariah, ahli hak cipta dan ahli agamawan. Dapatan kajian mendapati Islam mengiktiraf status hak cipta dalam harta sepencarian. Hak cipta juga termasuk dalam kategori harta tidak ketara yang boleh dituntut sebagai harta sepencarian jika dimiliki dalam tempoh perkahwinan atau dikembangkan dalam tempoh perkahwinan dengan melihat pada faktor sumbangan pihak suami dan isteri dalam perolehan harta tersebut. Hasil temu bual mendapati para informan menyokong teori hak cipta sebagai harta sepencarian. Implikasi kajian ini memberikan sumbangan dalam kajian ilmu syariah dan boleh dirujuk oleh mahkamah syariah dan sivil untuk menangani masalah hak cipta sebagai harta sepencarian. Kajian juga mencadangkan penggubalan undang-undang berkaitan dengan hak cipta dan harta sepencarian berkenaan harta yang boleh dituntut sebagai harta sepencarian.
Penguatkuasaan Undang-undang dalam Isu Penjualan Barang Tiruan: Perbandingan antara Malaysia dengan United Kingdom
Authors: Dahlan Nur Khalidah , Rosmin Nurdiana
Published: January 2022

Penjualan barang tiruan merupakan suatu tindakan yang menyalahi undang-undang apabila peniaga meletakkan cap dagangan pengeluar asal pada barangan yang bukan asli. Tindakan ini sering kali dibawa dan dikemukakan di mahkamah mengikut Akta Hak Cipta 1987, Akta Cap Dagangan 1976 dan Akta Perihal Dagangan. Walau bagaimanapun, meskipun terdapat pelbagai penguatkuasaan undang-undang untuk memastikan kegiatan ini dapat dihapuskan, masih banyak kes yang melibatkan penjualan barangan tiruan berlaku yang merugikan masyarakat. Melalui kajian ini, kerangka perundangan yang tertentu telah dikenal pasti dapat membendung hal ini daripada berlaku. Perbandingan penguatkuasaan undang-undang antara negara Malaysia dan negara United Kingdom, serta cadangan penambahbaikan juga turut telah dibincangkan dalam artikel ini. Hasil kajian mendapati penguatkuasaan yang sedia ada sudah cukup berkesan. Namun begitu, sekiranya ditambah baik dengan mewujudkan akta yang komprehensif, mencontohi sistem penyelesaian di United Kingdom yang menawarkan nasihat dan penyelesaian paling sesuai kepada pengadu secara dalam talian, usaha ini akan dapat mengurangkan bilangan kes penjualan barang tiruan di Malaysia dengan lebih berkesan.
The Amalan Pemberian Mas Kahwin dan Wang Hantaran dalam Kalangan Masyarakat Melayu: Perspektif Fiqh dan Undang-Undang Keluarga Islam di Malaysia
Authors: Kamal Ahmad Haziq Haikal , Sitiris Miszairi
Published: January 2022

Artikel ini meninjau amalan masyarakat Melayu dalam perkahwinan berkaitan dengan pemberian mas kahwin dan wang hantaran yang diberikan oleh suami kepada isterinya. Menurut kebiasaan dalam majlis akad nikah di kebanyakan negeri kadar mas kahwin disebutkan ketika ijab dan kabul, tetapi tidak disebutkan jumlah wang hantaran, walaupun kedua-duanya dicatatkan dalam sijil pernikahan. Pemberian wang hantaran di samping mas kahwin dilihat sebagai dua elemen yang sama dan berbentuk wang, namun berbeza dari sudut penamaannya. Mas kahwin yang wajib diberikan oleh suami kepada isteri adalah bersandarkan kepada al-Quran dan al-Sunnah. Pemberian wang hantaran pula merupakan adat dan uruf yang diamalkan oleh masyarakat Melayu semasa perkahwinan. Perbezaan pada sebutan nama menimbulkan persoalan tentang kedudukan dan fungsi sebenar wang hantaran serta kesan hukum terhadap hak dan pemilikannya. Oleh itu, artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti dan membincangkan hukum dan kedudukan kedua-dua pemberian tersebut menurut fiqah dan Undang-Undang Keluarga Islam. Artikel ini memaparkan kajian kepustakaan dengan merujuk penulisan ulama fiqah muktabar dan kajian teks terhadap peruntukan undang-undang yang berkaitan dengan tajuk yang dibincangkan. Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa kurangnya kefahaman dalam memahami hukum mas kahwin dan wang hantaran serta ketidakseragaman rekod butiran perkahwinan dalam sijil nikah membawa kepada salah faham dalam kalangan masyarakat sekali gus memberikan impak dan kesan terhadap hak dan pemilikan kedua-duanya.
Regenerasi Ulama: Antara Pesantren Dan Pendidikan Kader Ulama
Authors: Kamalia Kamalia
Published: January 2022

Banyak ulama-ulama sekarang ini yang hanya memikirkan dunia saja, dengan ikut serta dalam politik. Banyak juga ulama-ulama artis yang hanya mempertontonkan kemewahan dan kesenagan duniawi saja. Dikalangan masyarakat memandang bahwa pesantren adalah tempat pendidikan agama yang masih tradisional. Padahal sekarang ini pesantren di Indonesia sudah banyak yang menggunakan sarana dan prasarana modern dalam mendidik santri-santrinya. Pesantren adalah institusi yang digunakan untuk mengkader ulama-ulama. Di samping itu pada tahun 1991 Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI) merasa perlu untuk membuka program untuk melahirkan ulam-ulama di tenga masyarakat. Program itu disebut dengan Pendidikan Kader Ulama (PKU). Banyaknya ulama-ulama yang menghilangkan kekaramahan seorang ulama-ulama menjadi dilema bagi masyarakat. Oleh karena itu regenerasi ulama tidak hanya dipandnag secara segi kuantitatif tetapi juga kualitatif sehingga lembaga-lembaga yang bertugas menghasilkan kader-kader generasi islam perlu memperhatikan kaidah-kaidah yang sesuai.
Peningkatan Minat Wirausaha Siswa Melalui Layanan Dasar Bidang Bimbingan Karir
Authors: Putri Monica Ivana , Aprison Wedra , Yusri Fadhilla
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this study is that researchers want to see how much an increase in student entrepreneurial interest in SMK 1 Kec. Guguak through basic services in the field of career guidance. The population is all grade XII students of SMKN 1 Kec. Guguak, amounting to 236 people, while the research sample were students of class XII multimedia 2, amounting to 20 people. Which is indicated to have low student entrepreneurial interest based on a purposive sampling technique. The data collection instrument is a Likert scale. Data analysis techniques using, normality test, homogeneity test, and hypothesis testing using Statistical Product and Service Solution (SPSS) version 22. The results of research that have been done there are differences between the pretest value and the posttest value. From the results of statistical tests it is known that tcount 4,737> from ttable 1,729 with df 19 at a significance level of 0.05, it can be said that Ha is accepted meaning that there is an increase in student entrepreneurial interest for pretest and posttest through basic services in career guidance.
Dakwah Bi Al-Hal di Indonesia: Problem dan Solusi
Authors: Muktarruddin Muktarruddin
Published: January 2022

Dakwah bi al-hal dilakukan dengan perbuatan atau sering juga disebut dengan dakwah lewat aksi sosial. Ada juga yang menyebut dakwah bi al-hal dengan dakwah bi al-‘amal / tindakan nyata. Saat ini, khususnya di Indonesia, dakwah lewat aksi nyata sangat dibutuhkan melihat kondisi bangsa Indonesia yang masih tertinggal dibanding dengan bangsa-bangsa lain. Dari sisi agama, tidak bisa dipungkiri bahwa para penyampai dakwah telah menyampaikan tugasnya mengajak umat ke jalan Allah. Akan tetapi, kebanyakan dakwah yang disampaikan para dai masih berupa perkataan (bi al-lisan). Sedikit sekali para dai yang memilih jalur dakwah bi al-hal; apakah dengan memberikan pendidikan gratis, kesehatan gratis, sampai kepada ceramah gratis. Padahal jika dilihat pola dakwah Rasulullah Saw. akan diketahui bahwa beliau adalah tokoh dakwah bi al-hal. Dakwahnya tidak sekedar lisan dan tulisan, tetapi dakwah bi al-hal. Beliau gemar memberi, mem-bantu, membangun fasilitas sehingga kekayaan keluarganya diper-untukkan untuk dakwah.
Dakwah Via Jurnalistik Radio
Authors: Saragih M. Yoze Rizal
Published: January 2022

Tulisan ini menguraikan kelebihan media radio sebagai media dakwah karena siaran radio tidak mengenal ruang dan waktu serta jangkauan luas yang cenderung tidak terbatasi apapun. Menjadikan jurnalistik radio sebagai bagian dakwah penting karena pesan dakwah dapat disampaikan ke seluruh khalayak dengan hanya mendengar dengan tujuan untuk perbaikan dan pembangunan mental spiritual sebagaimana tujuan utama dakwah. Dakwah via jurnalistik radio ini tentu saja berkaitan dengan posisi radio yang sampai saat ini terus bertahan dan cenderung berkembang mengikuti segala perubahan yang terjadi, maka menjadikan jurnalistik radio sebagai media dakwah merupakan bagian dari aktualisasi dakwah dalam kehidupan kontemporer.
Merajut Ummatan Waasathan di tengah Pandemi menuju Ukhuwah Wathoniyah
Authors: Tarigan Devi Eka Yulita Br. , Samosir Hasrat Efendi
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this paper is to find out how to knit the wasathan ummatan in the midst of a pandemic towards ukhuwah wathoniyah. The approach used in this paper uses a library research method or approach, while data collection is done by examining, collecting and exploring several books, journals, related information from print and electronic media, as well as things that are considered relevant to the writing. The findings of this paper are to know how to knit a wasathan ummatan (middle), that is, to become a personal mediator in the midst of a pandemic, by not becoming a proponent and confusing the atmosphere that results in the disruption of this nation. The method that is taken to create national harmony starts with yourself, by becoming a person / middle ummat (wasathan), after you are tidied up, it will affect the environment that makes the nation's life harmonious even in the midst of a pandemic, by taking the steps described in the writing this so that the creation of ukhuwah wathoniyah (fellow countrymen)
Komunikasi Profetik Strategi Membangun Karakter Manusia Perspektif Al Quran
Authors: Islamy Imam El
Published: January 2022

Pemberdayaan manusia merupakan suatu titik penting dalam kemajuan suatu bangsa, strategi dan berbagai cara dilakukan agar tercapai keinginan luhur pendiri Indonesia ini. Komunikasi profetik menjadi salah satu strategi pembangunan karakter manausia, sebab kemajuan bangsa dimulai dari kemajuan karakter manusianya. Komunikasi ini dikenal dengan komunikasi kenabian, dimana setiap pengambilan keputusan, sikap dan perilaku mengikut kepada nabi Muhammad. Maka dari itu komunikasi ini disebut Profetik. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif explanatif dengan melihat fenomena sosial dilapangan lalu mengaitkan dengan literatur yang ada.
Akidah Saya, Akidah Anda, Akidah Kita (Prespektif Ahlussunnahwaljama’ah)
Authors: Damanik Adlin
Published: January 2022

Mayoritas umat Islam, khususnya di Indonesia disebut-sebut penganut aliran atau mazhab teologi Ahlussunnah- waljama’ah. Akan tetapi mungkin sedikit masyarakat Muslim yang memahami substansinya. Beberapa organisasi sosial keagamaan di tanah air semisal Nahdatul Ulama, Muhammadiyah, dan bahkan Al-Jam’iyatul Washliyah di Sumatera Utara yang mengaku penganut setianya pun berbeda pemahamannya. Terkadang perbedaan pemahaman itu dianggap sebagai perbedaan “akidah”.
Analisis Tingkat Literasi Keuangan Syariah dan Dampaknya Terhadap Pendapatan Usaha Mikro di Kecamatan Siak Hulu Kabupaten Kampar, Riau
Authors: Ritonga Aspan
Published: January 2022

Untuk membuktikan terdapat atau tidaknya pengaruh faktor demografi  khususnya terkait dengan gender, usia, pendidikan, lokasi usaha, jenis usaha, lama usaha, sumber modal usaha dan jumlah karyawan, terhadap tingkat literasi keuangan syariah dan dampaknya terhadap pendapatan usaha mikro di Kecamatan Siak Hulu Kabupaten Kampar Provinsi Riau diperlukan suatu kajian mendalam dalam bentuk penelitian. Peneliti telah menyebarkan angket untuk memperoleh gambaran variabel independen dalam hal demografi dan variabel dependen yakni tingkat literasi keuangan syariah serta variabel intervening terkait dengan pendapatan usaha. Data yang diperoleh secara kuantitatif deskriftif dengan instrumen kuisioner skala likert yang disebarkan kepada pelaku usaha mikro muslim di Kecamatan Siak Hulu Kabupaten Kampar Provinsi Riau dianalisis dengan menggunakan data statistik mean, model regresi linier berganda dan regresi sederhana. Berdasarkan analisis tersebut diperoleh hasil bahwa tingkat literasi keuangan syariah pelaku usaha mikro di Kecamatan Siak Hulu Kabupaten Kampar pada kategori Sufficient Literate dengan rata-rata (mean) 2,2155 atau 58 persen dari total responden. Berdasarkan hasil uji Regresi linier berganda variabel demografi berpengaruh signifikan secara simultan terhadap tingkat literasi keuangan syariah dengan (R2) sebesar 78,5 persen,  parsial hanya variabel usia, pendidikan, sumber modal usaha dan jumlah karyawan yang berpengaruh signifikan terhadap tingkat literasi keuangan syariah, sedangkan faktor gender, lokasi usaha, jenis usaha dan lama usaha tidak berpengaruh. Hasil uji Regresi sederhana menunjukkan dampak tingkat literasi keuangan syariah berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pendapatan usaha dengan (R2) sebesar 3,9 persen, maknanya 1 persen kenaikan tingkat literasi keuangan syariah akan bertambah pendapatan usaha sebesar 3,9 persen.
FORMULASI DAKWAH PADA ERA NEW NORMAL DI WILAYAH TENGAH, ACEH
Authors: Nurliana Nurliana
Published: January 2022

This study aims to determine the methods and materials in delivering da'wah

used by da'i in Central Aceh Regency during the corona period. The pandemic

period has been running for approximately two years, which has changed all

lines of life from normal life. This makes the da'i must have the skills and

abilities in choosing the media and materials to be delivered to their mad'u.

Da'wah still has to be carried out but with a different method compared to

normal times. The key informants in this research are preachers who are in the

Central Aceh region. The research method used is a descriptive qualitative

method and the findings of this study are that the material presented by a

preacher must cover the fields of economics, psychology, and encourage the

public to always comply with government recommendations to always maintain

health protocols to prevent the spread of the corona virus.
Ukrainian encyclopedias: typology, style, functions
Authors: Zhelezniak Mykola , Ishchenko Oleksandr , Davydenko Oksana , Ocheretianko Svitlana , Bereziuk Tetiana , Pylypchuk Ruslan , Savchenko Oleh , Shushkivskyi Anatolii
Published: January 2022

The monograph deals with the actual issues of encyclopedia science in Ukraine, in particular, such as the typology of encyclopedias, as well as their functional and genre-and-style features. Encyclopedias as a genre of reference literature in the study is considered. The functions of encyclopedias are highlighted, typological features are showed, classifications of encyclopedic books are analyzed, the attributes of the style of encyclopedic articles and encyclopedias are characterized.
Effect of Different Chemical Formulation on Agarwood (Aquilaria malaccensis) Resin Weight
Authors: Elias Mohd Fauzi , Jamaludin Azi Azeyanty , Abu Bakar Adibah , Mohd Zain Haniza Hanim , Ibrahim Husni
Published: January 2022

Agarwood is described as fragrance, smelling wood that is usually derived from the trunk of genus Aquilaria The objective of this study was to develop and evaluate four chemical-based inoculants to induce karas tree to form agarwood resin. Four chemical inoculants were applied into 6 years old karas tree (Aquilaria malaccensis) plantations in Slim River, Perak, Malaysia using dripping techniques. The inoculant used were labelled as A, B, C and D. Commercial inoculant was also used for comparison purposes and labelled as K while a healthy tree, act as control was labelled as N. After four months of inoculation, these samples were cut down and discoloured tissue samples were collected. Solvent extraction method using dichloromethane (DCM) was carried out to obtain the resin crude extract from plant tissues of the samples. All chemical formulation used were succesfully stimulated sample trees to produce resin. Inoculant B produced the highest crude extract recovery (5.49%) compared to inoculant C (4.78%) followed by A (4.32%), D (2.98%), K (1.07%) and N (0.13%). From this study, inoculant B showed the highest yield of resin. Hence, result from current study has the potential to contribute in enhancing new types of inoculant production for the agarwood industries in Malaysia.
On becoming a 21st Century teacher: Exploring math student teachers’ perception of the math teacher through communities of practices
Authors: Tandas Joseph Balinag
Published: January 2022

Field Study 6 “On Becoming a 21st Century Teacher” of math student teachers through the framework communities of practices was observed and purposely used for this study. Thus, analyses their induction experiences. The primary research question was apprehensive with how math student teachers perceived to what bands the professional community practices of the math educators. A qualitative research study (Narrative) was designed. Written journals and face-to-face interviews by the participants were tools to collect data. Engaging, imagining, and aligning was the three ways of belonging in communities of practice framework used to analyse the data. Result shows that participants have valuable opinions and observations with regards to the faculty set-up (arrangement), teaching loads of cooperating teachers and professional relationships such as being approachable among mathematics teachers. It was revealed from the data how mathematics student teachers aligned themselves with values and norms of the university -where they finish three years of their undergraduate education and school cultures. Moreover, experiences and proficiencies in their cooperating schools strengthened views about what was upheld in the college of teacher education curriculum such as formative assessment and its importance, teaching methodologies, techniques and approaches. Strong subject knowledge were also strengthened as a product of observations in their cooperating school was significantly importance.
Determination of heavy metals concentration in drinking water of Potiskum Metropolitan, North Eastern, Nigeria
Authors: Audu Muhammad Dahiru , Maianguwa Madu Mamman , Geidam Ibrahim Gana
Published: January 2022

The mean concentrations of heavy metals (HMs) such as Lead (Pb), Cadmium (Cd), Zinc (Zn), and Iron (Fe) in drinking water of Potiskum metropolitan were investigated. The water samples were collected from the following locations; ARK, PMP, MMD, ABB, NHT, FCE, and JGW. The sample's physic-chemical parameters such as pH, Temperature, and Conductivity were analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (AAS). The pH result for the three sample locations ABB (9.6), PMP (9.2), and JGW (8.8) was recorded and found to be above the recommended value set by Standard Organization of Nigerian (SON). Meanwhile, there Conductivities values were reported to be below the limit value (1ms/cm) set by SON. The results obtained the highest mean concentration of cadmium was recorded in FCE (0.004±0.01 ppm) and observed above the recommended value set by WHO(0.003ppm), the highest mean concentration of lead was found in FCE (0.090±0.012 ppm) and all mean concentrations of lead were recorded above the recommended values set by WHO(0.01ppm) and SON(0.01ppm), the highest concentration of zinc was recorded in JGW (0.024±0.026 ppm) and all sampling points have recorded the concentrations of zinc below the recommended value set by WHO(5.0ppm) and SON(3.0ppm). The highest mean concentration of iron was recorded in ARK (0.310±0.063 ppm) and all sampling points have recorded the concentrations of iron below the recommended value set by SON (0.3ppm) except ARK (recorded above).
Impact of geometrical construction on students’ creativity skills for sustainable development
Authors: OVIAWE Jane Itohan , Uddin P. S. O.
Published: January 2022

The study investigated the perception of teachers and students on the impact of geometrical construction on students’ creativity skills for sustainable development in Edo State technical colleges using descriptive survey research design. The sample for comprised of 20 technical drawing teachers and 150 year II students randomly selected from the six technical colleges Edo State. A 20-item questionnaire was derived from literature reviewed was the instrument for data collection. The instrument was subjected to face validation by three experts. Cronbach Alpha method was used to establish the internal consistency of the instrument and a reliability index of 0.85 was obtained. Mean statistic was used to answer the research questions while the t-test was used to test the null hypothesis at .05 level of significance. The findings from the study indicated among others that geometrical construction enhances students’ diversity thinking; there was no significant difference between the perception of technical drawing teachers and students on the impact of geometrical construction on students’ creativity skills for sustainable development. Based on the findings of this study, it was recommended among others that: technical drawing teachers should utilize problem-solving instructional methods and strategies in their lessons in order to carry each student along, enhance students divergent thinking and creative skills, foster scientific and technological discoveries.
Persistent Headache Caused by Post-Traumatic External Nasal Neuralgia: A Case Report
Authors: Bajunaid Salwa Omar
Published: January 2022

A 50-year-old female patient presented with a severe headache characterized by sharp pain localized in the right frontal area above the right eye. The patient’s right nostril was cauterized to stop a nosebleed one year prior to the start of the pain. Physical examinations revealed that the pain was aggravated by touch of the right lateral side of the nose and in severe attacks radiated to the maxillary frontal teeth. Blood tests, magnetic resonance image (MRI) and computer scanning (CT) scan images were all normal. The patient was diagnosed with post-traumatic external nasal neuralgia and symptoms were relieved and nearly resolved completely using a nasal cleanse and lubrication of the nose.
Media Sosial Sebagai Ruang Sakral: Gereja yang Bertransformasi bagi Perkembangan Spiritualitas Generasi Z dalam Era Digital
Authors: Lumban Gaol Rumondang , Hutasoit Resmi
Published: January 2022

Generation Z is the generation that was born where internet technology already exists. The development of internet technology, especially digital social networks and wireless cellular devices, has fundamentally changed how Generation Z thinks in living life, both for communication, relationships, leadership, authority, and forming today's community. Therefore, digital social networks have profound implications for church ministry in the digital age. This study aims to propose the importance of social media as a teaching medium for Generation Z to build the spirituality of Generation Z in the digital era. The research method used in this paper is a literature study (library). Through this research study, it can be concluded that social media can be used as a sacred space and a tool to present a networked church, build and foster relationships with generation Z in the love of Christ. But real life or face-to-face with Generation Z is still important. Both virtual and real must be used in balance.AbstrakGenerasi Z adalah generasi yang lahir di mana teknologi internet sudah ada. Perkembangan teknologi internet, terutama jaringan sosial digital dan perangkat seluler nirkabel secara fundamental telah mengubah cara berpikir generasi Z dalam menjalani kehidupan, baik untuk komunikasi, hubungan, kepemimpinan, otoritas dan membentuk komunitas saat ini. Oleh karena itu, jaringan sosial digital sangat memiliki implikasi mendalam untuk pelayanan gereja di era digital. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengusulkan pentingnya media sosial sebagai media pengajaran bagi generasi Z guna membangun spiritualitas generasi Z dalam era digital. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam tulisan ini adalah studi literatur (kepustakaan).  Melalui kajian penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa media sosial dapat dijadikan sebagai ruang sakral dan alat untuk menghadirkan gereja yang berjejaring, membangun dan membina hubungan dengan generasi Z dalam kasih Kristus. Namun kehidupan real atau tatap-muka bersama generasi Z adalah tetap penting. Baik virtual dan real harus digunakan secara balance.
Konstruksi Kerangka Konseptual Peranan Roh Kudus dalam PAK Menggunakan Taksonomi Bloom yang Diperbarui
Authors: Setiawan Hanny , Arifianto Yonatan Alex
Published: January 2022

A learning process is aimed toward outcomes.  The desired outcomes are the initial point to construct the proper conceptual framework to describe the theoretical foundation of research. Spirituality and spiritual behaviour are two outcomes that Christian Education thinkers agreed upon from Old Testament to now. The meeting between Greeco-Roman and Jewish culture had somewhat changed the trajectory of how Christian Education developed. The Greek cognitive-based learning has influenced the initial Christian Education which is Jewish learning system. This article attempts to describe how spirituality, spiritual behaviour, and spiritual knowledge serve as the ultimate outcomes of Christian Education. The description will fit with the role of the Holy Spirit in the overall process of Christian Education in any given scope. As a result, this article will construct a conceptual framework that can be utilized further to design a biblical curriculum that is not merely cognitively measurable but also to provide an intentional outcome of spirituality and spiritual behaviour.  The revised Bloom’s taxonomy will be used to bridge both worlds: the cognitive, and non-cognitive.  In conclusion, this article shows that the supernatural work of Holy Spirit is not against the natural work of Holy Spirit through teacher and student relationships in Christian Education, but both work together.  AbstrakProses pembelajaran ditujukan untuk mencapai suatu hasil. Hasil yang diinginkan merupakan titik awal untuk membangun kerangka konseptual yang tepat untuk mendeskripsikan landasan teoritis sebuah penelitian. Spiritualitas dan perilaku spiritual adalah dua hasil yang disepakati oleh para pemikir pendidikan Kristen dari zaman Perjanjian Lama hingga sekarang. Pertemuan antara budaya Yunani-Romawi dan Yahudi telah mengubah lintasan (trajectory) Pendidikan Kristen berkembang. Pembelajaran berbasis kognitif Yunani telah mempengaruhi sistem pembelajaran Yahudi. Artikel ini mencoba untuk menjelaskan bagaimana spiritualitas, perilaku spiritual, dan pengetahuan spiritual berfungsi sebagai hasil akhir dari Pendidikan Kristen. Hasil akhir tersebut dapat menggambarkan secara konseptual peran Roh Kudus dalam keseluruhan proses Pendidikan Kristen dalam lingkup apa pun. Sebagai hasil akhir, artikel ini akan menyajikan bangunan kerangka konseptual yang dapat digunakan lebih jauh untuk merancang kurikulum alkitabiah yang tidak hanya dapat diukur secara kognitif, tetapi juga untuk memberikan hasil yang disengaja dari spiritualitas dan perilaku spiritual. Taksonomi Bloom yang telah direvisi akan digunakan untuk menjembatani kedua dunia: kognitif dan non-kognitif.  Artikel ini menunjukkan bahwa pekerjaan supernatural Roh Kudus tidak bertentangan dengan pekerjaan alami Roh Kudus melalui hubungan guru dan murid dalam pendidikan Kristen, tetapi keduanya bekerja sama.
Association between Physical Activity and Postnatal Depression
Authors: Rafdi Abi
Published: January 2022

Many changes could occur in a woman’s body, both mental and physical, during pregnancy and the postnatal period. The process of childbirth and a changing role as a new mom can be associated with many disturbances of emotions. Besides that, the development of baby blues or postpartum depression may occur in the puerperium period. Depression in post partum occurs in one month after childbirth and may be prolonged to one year. Depressive disorders  in a young mother affect the mother and the newborn’s health status. That is why it is crucial to identify for factors that could significantly reduce the likelihood of developing depression in this period. The literature review was aimed at describing the relationship of  physical activity during pregnancy and  postpartum and the development of postnatal depression.  It was shown that physical activity during pregnancy and puerperium, or in the postnatal period itself  reduces the risk of developing depression in pregnancy and after delivery. Physical activity can be an essential factor in preventing depressive disorders in women in the postnatal period.
Much Ado About Nothing
Authors: Tour James
Published: January 2022

Rather than leading to any sort of chemical model, recent research by Eddy Jiménez, Clémentine Gibard, and Ramanarayanan Krishnamurthy serves only to underscore that their particular approach is unlikely to yield any clues about how life emerged. It is further evidence, if any were needed, that eminent synthetic chemists—and scientists in general—remain clueless about life’s origins.
Americans at Armageddon
Authors: Middleton Guy
Published: January 2022

Eric Cline’s Digging Up Armageddon tells the story of an archeological team from the University of Chicago that began digging at Megiddo in the mid-1920s. Drawing upon an assemblage of diaries, letters, cablegrams, and other archival sources, Cline provides an authoritative guide to the Chicago project during the interwar years, its internal politics, and its fascinating cast of characters.
To the Beginning—And Back to the Future
Authors: Grohmann Kleanthes , Di Sciullo Anna Maria
Published: January 2022

Biolinguistics essentially stems from Noam Chomsky’s Aspects of the Theory of Syntax and is very much a child of its times, especially through the influence of Eric Lenneberg on Chomsky’s thinking.
More Aspects of Aspects
Authors: Lasnik Howard , Di Sciullo Anna Maria
Published: January 2022

Howard Lasnik elaborates on some of Anna Maria Di Sciullo’s points regarding Aspects of the Theory of Syntax—Noam Chomsky’s landmark text in the investigation of human language and cognitive capacity.
Study About Some Mechanical Properties for Composites Reinforced with Corn Cob Powder
Authors: Miritoiu Cosmin Mihai , Stanescu Marius Marinel , Bolcu Dumitru , Radoi Alexandru Ioan , Nicolicescu Claudiu , Dinita Alin
Published: January 2022

In this paper we have created some composites reinforced with corn cob powder and the matrix was made by a combination between Resoltech 1050 resin with its Resoltech 1058 hardener. For the composites manufacturing, we have used the manual casting technique. For the new manufactured composites, we have determined the mechanical properties from the tensile test according to ASTM D3039: Young modulus, breaking strength and elongation at break. We have also molded samples for the compression test according to ASTM D695-15 and we have determined the breaking strength. The tensile and compression tests were made on universal testing machines. In the end, we have determined also the dynamic mechanical properties for the studied material by clamping the samples at one edge and leaving the samples unconstrained at the other edge. At the unconstrained edge we have placed a Bruel&Kjaer accelerometer which recorded the samples free vibrations. From the free vibrations recording and Euler-Bernoulli theory, we have determined the next dynamic mechanical properties: damping factor per unit mass and length, eigenfrequency, dynamic modulus of elasticity, loss factor and dynamic rigidity. From the experimental results, we have obtained increased breaking strength values for the proposed material at compression compared to the tensile test. Compared to similar materials studied in the engineering literature, we have obtained increased compression breaking strength.
Tensile Strength of Threaded Rods Made by 3D Printing of Polymeric Material
Authors: Ripanu Marius Ionut , Mihalache Andrei Marius , Slatineanu Laurentiu , Mares Marian , Andrusca Liviu , Hrituc Adelina , Dodun Oana , Nagit Gheorghe , Coteata Margareta , Radulescu Bruno
Published: January 2022

The extension of 3D printing processes for parts made of polymeric materials highlighted the possibility of manufacturing threaded surfaces through such processes. In principle, the operation of a threaded joint involves tensile forces in the threaded rod. The dimensional characteristics of the threaded surface and some input factors in the 3D printing process can influence the tensile strength of threaded rods made of polymeric materials. An experimental research aimed at the tensile behavior of a threaded joint was designed, using a plastic screw and a special steel nut. A factorial experiment was designed and implemented to identify an empirical mathematical model capable of highlighting the influence of the dimensional characteristics of the threaded surface and some of the input factors in the 3D printing process on tensile strength. The test samples from polymeric materials were manufactured by 3D printing, then subjected to tensile tests. The mathematical processing of the experimental results allowed the determination of a mathematical model that allows the inclusion of the ordering of the factors taken into account in terms of the intensity of the influence that these factors exert on the tensile strength of the threaded rods. It was found that the diameter of the threaded rod exerts the strongest influence on the tensile strength of the threaded rod obtained by 3D printing, increasing the diameter of the threaded rod causing an increase in the maximum deformation of the rod. Increasing the thread pitch leads to a decrease in the maximum deformation of the threaded rod.
Preparation and Properties Study of PVA/Bamboo Cellulose Composite Membrane
Authors: Xiang Peng Jian , Rao Zhu Xiao , Dong Sun Shi , Ping Zhu He
Published: January 2022

The effect of bamboo fiber content on mechanical properties, moisture permeability and light transmittance of composite membrane was studied. The results show that the tensile strength of the composite film is increased by 30%, and the mechanical properties of PVA film are improved obviously with the addition of bamboo cellulose, which can be used as a good reinforcing material of PVA matrix. Bamboo cellulose composite film is a kind of transparent material because of its high light transmittance.
Poly (L-lactic acid) Modified by N, N -bis(Stearic acid)-1,4-Dicarboxybenzene Dihydrazide: Studies of Crystallization, Melting Behavior and Thermal Decomposition
Authors: Huang Hao , Liu Shuang-Qing , Li Cheng-Pei , Luo Shi-Tianle , Zhao Li-Sha , Cai Yan-Hua
Published: January 2022

In this study, a new organic nucleating agent N, N -bis(stearic acid)-1,4-dicarboxybenzene dihydrazide (PASH) to improve crystallization behavior of poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) along with the effect of PASH on melting behavior, thermal stability of PASH-nucleated PLLA was holistically reported. The melt-crystallization process illustrated that PASH as an effective heterogeneous nucleating agent could boost PLLA�s crystallization rate, but increasing PASH concentration and cooling rate conversely inhibited melt-crystallization process of PLLA in this study. With respect to melt-crystallization process, a larger amount of PASH leaded to a shift of cold-crystallization peak to lower temperature level. Isothermal crystallization revealed, in comparison to pure PLLA, that the half time of overall crystallization of PLLA/PASH was significantly decreased with PLLA containing 3 wt% PASH having the minimum t1/2= 67.3 s at 105şC. The different melting behaviors of PLLA/PASH under different conditions were attributed to the nucleating effect of PASH within PLLA. In particular, the melting behavior at a heating rate of 10�C/min after isothermal crystallization depended primarily on the crystallization temperature. Whereas, the impact of crystallization time on melting behavior was negligible. Nonetheless, the melting behavior was influenced by the heating rate after non-isothermal crystallization. The thermal stability of PLLA was detrimental with the addition of PASH owing to a typical drop in onset thermal decomposition temperature.
Energy Absorption Enhancement by Unit Cell Angle Grading or Sandwich Panels with Auxetic Core
Authors: Mocian Oana Alexandra , Constantinescu Dan Mihai , Baciu Florin , Indres Andrei
Published: January 2022

Architectured structures, particularly auxetic materials, have demonstrated encouraging applications in energy absorption as they facilitate the customization of their structural response. Specific geometries of unit cells can thus be tailored for particular needs due to recent progress in additive manufacturing techniques. This paper experimentally studies how the grading of the cell unit angle of an auxetic core in a sandwich panel affects its energy absorbing capability and structural response. 3D printed sandwich panels with uniform and graded auxetic cellular core were tested under quasistatic compression. The results show that sandwich panels with graded core exhibit much better energy absorption capabilities with higher plateau stress and densification strain. This indicates that, by appropriately controlling its geometry, auxetic structures can show further potential as core in sandwich panels for energy absorption applications.
Shrinkage and Warpage in the Permanent Shape of Sape-Memory Polyurethane Parts
Authors: Katmer Sukran , Karatas Cetin
Published: January 2022

The shape memory effect, as the most important ability of shape memory polymers, is a working property and provides the design ability to shape memory polymer features. Shrinkage and warpage are important parameters to control the dimensional accuracy of permanent and temporary shapes of an injection moulded shape memory polyurethane (SMPU) part. In this study, the effects of injection moulding parameters on the shrinkage and warpage of the permanent shape of moulded SMPU parts were experimentally investigated. The parameters of injection pressure, melt temperature, mould temperature, packing pressure, packing time, and cooling time, were chosen as the injection moulding control factors. Taguchi�s L27 orthogonal array design table was used with six injection moulding parameters and their three levels. The results showed that the part has different shrinkage ratios in three main directions, namely, the flow direction, perpendicular to the flow direction, and the direction through the thickness. The results of the analysis of variance showed that the cooling time is the most influential parameter on both the shrinkage (except in thickness) and warpage. The shrinkage in the flow direction as well as in perpendicular to the flow direction decreased with increasing the cooling time. Warpage also decreased with increasing the cooling time. Injection pressure and melt temperature were found to be effective on shrinkage in thickness. Effects of mould temperature, packing pressure, and packing time were found to be limited. A statistically significant relationship has been noticed among shrinkage, warpage, and residual stresses during the study.
Studies on Fluorocarbon Elastomer Nanocomposites for Sealing Applications
Authors: Kasi Elangovan , Ramakrishnan Mohan
Published: January 2022

The usage of seals in several applications like aircraft engines is mostly made of Fluorocarbon (FKM) elastomer. They are coloured products that enable easier identification based on the applications. In such seals, fillers like carbon black cannot be added to reinforce and improvise the mechanical properties since carbon black does not make it possible to add colours. The properties after ageing are also very critical in sealing application, and they must also be improved. Also, Nanocomposites are the modern and growing trends in the field of polymers that show enormous changes in the properties of the polymers without affecting their basic properties. So, the need for improvisation of FKM seals and the concept of Nanocomposites can be merged to form FKM Nanocomposites with Nano clay and Nano silica as the fillers. The objective of this project is to improve the mechanical properties, better retention of properties after ageing and after fluid interaction of the FKM seals with the aid of Nanofillers. Different proportions of FKM nanocomposites were prepared using modified Nano Kaolin Clay & modified Montmorillonite clay (Cloisite grades). Various mechanical properties like tensile strength, tensile modulus, elongation at break, compression set and tear strength etc., were studied. The test results have shown good improvements while increasing the filler loading. This is helpful to manufacture seals of desired colours thereby avoiding the difficulties faced in the carbon black-filled FKM compounds.
In-plane Shear Response of a Flax Fiber-epoxy Resin Composite Subjected to Repeated Loading and Creep-recovery Cycles
Authors: Stochioiu Constantin , Deca Anca , Hadar Anton , Gheorghiu Horia
Published: January 2022

The present paper is aimed at studying the in-plane shear response of a flax fiber - epoxy resin composite laminate. Rectangular specimens, with �45� laminate orientation with respect to loading direction were used for the experimental procedure. Tensile testing up to failure allowed to extract the shear strain-shear stress curve, which have shown a linear domain, up to approximately 25 MPa, where a shear modulus was calculated, of 1.67 GPa and a Poisson ratio of 0.7, value which is typical for off axis laminates. Strain measurement during these tests, using Digital Image Correlation, have shown that, at high stress levels, concentrators occur in the specimen in the region of failure. Repeated loading tests have shown that the material stiffens approximately 9% when increasing loading speed, leading to conclude that a viscoelastic component of the deformation is present during loading. Repeated creep-recovery tests showed that, for longer periods of time, viscoplastic deformations appear as well, with an exponential evolution with respect to the creep duration.
An Estimation of Oxygen Release from Green Surfaces in Durres City
Authors: Metalla Osman , Klemo Marsida , Hysa Azem , Cela Elvis , Diku Abdulla , Nako Migena
Published: January 2022

Due to urbanization trend in Durres city, distance between city inhabitants and nature is increasing. Urban greenery is one of the methods to bridge this gap between people and nature. The study results were performed with the cooperation of EPER Center, professors and students of Durres “Aleksander Moisiu” University. It was focused in the estimation of O2 release from green surfaces at different areas of Durres city. The results achieved were carried out by field visits, the use of the GIS method and calculations performed based on various standard manuals. According to the results, it was concluded that the total amount of O2 release from green surfaces was 64420 kg/year or 64.4 t /year. It was also calculated that the available green surface for a resident in Durres city is only 1.05 m2 out of required 9 m2 per capita. Based on the needs of the population and the EU standards, this study suggests that the amount of O2 release should be 1.49∙ 108 kg/year or 1.49. 5∙ 105 t/year. The needed costs to be invested to achieve this O2 amount, is about 47 .65 billion ALL. Finally, it can be concluded that the low number of trees in Durres city, requires urgent provisions to improve air, and life quality of Durres citizens.
Factors that Influence Purchase on Cinema Online Tickets Using Tix-Id Application, through Buying Interest
Authors: Foeh John Ehj. , Manurung Adler Haymans , Kurniasari Florentina , Kartika Tipri Rose , Yunita Sandra
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine the factors that affect directly and indirectly such as promotion, convenience, and security on the decision to purchase online cinema tickets with the TIX ID application through consumer buying interest. The data collection technique uses a questionnaire that is distributed online via the google application form. Data analysis methods include validity, reliability, classical assumptions, and SEM tests. The number of samples in this study were 200 respondents who had met the minimum requirements for using SEM (structural equation models). Data processing using SPSS and AMOS. The results showed that promotion and convenience factors had a significant effect on purchase intention, while security did not have a significant effect on purchase intention. The results of statistical tests show that there is no influence of the promotion, convenience, and security variables on purchasing decisions. Furthermore, the results show that promotion and convenience factors indirectly influence purchasing decisions through purchase intention.