bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical Presentation of Cholesteatoma- A Study of 50 Cases
Authors: Khan Md Ahsanuzzaman , Asaduzzaman AKM , Islam Md Tauhidul , Ahmed Bashir , Hossain Mohammad Kamal , Sumon Mohammad Misbah Al Kabir , Rabbani Sarder Mohammad Golam
Published: June 2019

Introduction: Cholesteatoma is an abnormal accumulation of keratin-producing squamous epithelium in the middle ear, epitympanum, mastoid or petrous apex. It is a threedimensional epidermoid structure exhibiting independent growth, replacing middle ear mucosa, resorbing and replacing underlying bone. Although it is not a neoplastic lesion, it can be insidious and potentially dangerous to the patient.

Objective: To find out the socio-demographic pattern, clinical presentation and complication of cholesteatoma.

Materials and Methods: This prospective study of 50 cases was done in the Department of Otolaryngology and Head-Neck surgery, CMH, Dhaka adopting simple random sampling technique from July 2008 to Dec 2009. Data were collected by personal interview and clinical examination in a pre-designed data sheet and were analyzed by SPSS 20.

Results: In this study, the highest number of patients (44%) was in the age group 11-20 years with a mean age of 17.2 years. Male were more affected (70%) and the male to female ratio was 2.33:1. Commonest symptom was otorrhoea (100%), followed by hearing impairment (80%), otalgia (16%), postauricular painful swelling (12%) and postauricular discharging sinus (10%). Extracranial complications were in 26% and intracranial complications in 12% of patients in this series. Abscess (temporal lobe + extra dural) were found in 02 cases (10%) by CT scan. A maximum number of patients had moderate conductive deafness (74.47%) followed by mild conductive deafness (19.15%) and only a few with severely mixed deafness (6.38%).

Conclusion: Clinical presentation of cholesteatoma in this study was discharge and deafness. The discharge was thick purulent foul smelling, scanty, occasionally blood-stained. Grave intracranial complications in children developed because of illiteracy, poverty, lack of awareness and medical facilities mostly in the rural areas. So early diagnosis and prompt treatment was a necessity.

Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.13(1) 2017: 66-70
Management of Zygomatico-Maxillary Complex Fracture in Military Dental Centre, Dhaka: A Study of 40 Cases
Authors: Sindhi Quazi , Chowdhury Golam Mohiuddin , Rab Md Abdur , Haque Md Emdadul , Mahmud Manjur E , Hossain Mohammad Tofazzal
Published: June 2019

Introduction: Zygomatic bone is closely associated with the maxilla, frontal, temporal bones which are usually involved when a zygomatic bone fracture occurs. The most common causes of these fractures are from the assaults, road traffic accidents and falls. Aesthetic beauties and functions are greatly hampered with the displacement of the fractured fragments.

Objective: To analyze the aetiology, clinical presentations, surgical intervention and complications associated with zygomatic complex (ZC) fractures in a tertiary level healthcare facility.

Materials and Methods: This descriptive observational study was carried out in the Oral and Maxillofacial Department, Military Dental Centre, Dhaka during the period of January 2016 to December 2016. Data were obtained from clinical notes and surgical records of the patients using standardized data collection form specifically designed to examine the variables and features of zygomatic complex fractures.

Results: Road traffic accidents were the leading cause (75%) of zygomatic fractures. The mean operation time was found 99.5±31.2 minutes with a range from 60 to 125 minutes. Open reduction and two-point internal fixation were employed in more than two-third (67.5%) of the cases. Four (10.0%) patients developed postoperative complications; among them 2(5.0%) cases suffered paresis of temporal branch of facial nerve and trismus. Other complications included paraesthesia, ectropion, scar and palpability of plate. Twenty-five (62.5%) patients were found having limited mouth opening preoperatively and postoperative improvement occurred in 21(52.5%). Thirty three (82.5%) patients had facial asymmetry preoperatively and postoperative improvement occurred in 29(72.5%).

Conclusion: More than two-third of the patients received two point fixations. Only four patients out of forty in this study were found having post operative complications. The functional and Aesthetic outcome was found to be fair in terms of improvement in limitation of mouth opening and correction of facial asymmetry.

Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.13(1) 2017: 71-74
Left Ventricular Noncompaction Cardiomyopathy (LVNC) with Left Ventricular Apical Thrombus– A Case Study
Authors: Hasnat Mohammad Abul , Hossain Md Israrul , Kafee Md Abdullahel , Uddin Md Borhan
Published: June 2019

Left ventricular non-compaction (LVNC) is a rare congenital cardiomyopathy, with or without LV dysfunction, characterized by prominent trabeculations and associated deep recesses which communicate with the ventricular cavity rather than the coronary circulation. LVNC affects all age groups and can occur in isolation or association with other cardiac and systemic anomalies, especially with neuromuscular disorders. Patient may be asymptomatic or present with ventricular arrhythmias, thromboembolism, heart failure and sudden cardiac death. Echocardiography is the most common tool for diagnosis of LVNC. Contrast ventriculography, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are other useful diagnostic tools. Due to increasing awareness and improvement in imaging methods, LVNC is being diagnosed frequently in patients now a day.

Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.13(1) 2017: 128-130
Dilated Cardiomyopathy due To Coxsackie-B Virus Myocarditis: A Case Report
Authors: Begum Nurun Nahar Fatema , Hossain Md Rabiul , Sarker Md Ferdousur Rahman
Published: June 2019

Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a rare disorder which may be caused by diverse reasons. Many of them are idiopathic also. The article reports a case of DCM resulting from acute Coxsackie virus myocarditis. Antibody to Coxsackie-B virus was positive from a lab of United States of America. This is first case report of Coxsackie-B virus myocarditis (proven) led to cardiomyopathy in Bangladesh.

Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.13(1) 2017: 131-133
Comparative Study between Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery and Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy for the Treatment of Renal Stones
Authors: Paul Deb Prosad , Das Debasish , Rahman ASM Zahidur , Habibullah Tarafder , Akter Sonia , Momen Md Mahfuzul
Published: June 2019

Background: The prevalence of urolithiasis has increased during the last decades and now affects approximately 9% of the adult population specially in developed countries. European Urology Guidelines recommend PCNL in stones larger than 2 cm in size and ESWL in stones smaller than 2 cm in size as the first treatment option. With advances in technology, new generation flexible ureteroscopes with safe and effective lithotripters such as holmium laser have been developed and RIRS became an important alternative in the treatment of large urinary stones.

Objective: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) in the treatment of kidney stones and to compare its results with those of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL).

Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed a total of 50 patients ─ 27 patients (20 males and 7 females) who underwent PCNL and 23 patients (17 males and 6 females) who underwent RIRS between January 2015 and December 2017.

Results: The mean duration of operation was 60.65 ± 23.56 minutes in the RIRS group and 50.55 ± 12.77 minutes in the PCNL group (p<0.047). The hospital stay was significantly shorter in the RIRS group (2.21 ± 0.9 vs 5.29 ± 1.53 days in the RIRS and PCNL groups, respectively; p<0.016). Stone-free rates after one session were 88.6% and 84.8% in the RIRS and PCNL groups respectively. Blood transfusions were required in five patients in the PCNL group. Complication rates were higher in the PCNL group.

Conclusion: This study reveals that RIRS can be an alternative to PCNL in the treatment of kidney stone.

J Enam Med Col 2019; 9(2): 84-89
Study on Risk Factors and Microorganisms for Surgical Site Infection following Caesarean Section among 100 Patients in a Tertiary Hospital in Bangladesh
Authors: Afroz Sayma , Rashid Maliha
Published: June 2019

Background: Lower uterine caesarean section is a common mode of delivery now and surgical site infection is one of the most common and dreaded complication of surgery. It is associated with significant morbidity and delayed recovery and it lengthens hospital stay and costs. Identifying risk factors for surgical site infection in caesarean wound and modifying them can be beneficial for patient management during surgery and optimizing good clinical outcome. Identifying microorganisms with their sensitivity has epidemiological as well as therapeutic implications.

Objective: To identify risk factors for surgical site infection in caesarean section wound and find out microorganisms responsible for such infection.

Materials and Methods: In this study 100 women with surgical site infection after caesarean section were included. They were selected randomly from four maternity units of Dhaka Medical College Hospital. Each patient of caesarean section was followed strictly up to discharge from hospital and also for 30 days postoperatively for any evidence of infection. Wound swab was sent in each case for microbiological study. Data were collected in structured questionnaire and analysed by computer using spreadsheet.

Results: Among 100 women studied, 73% had inadequate or no antenatal check-up, 52% had duration of labour pain >12 hours, 52% had duration of ruptured membrane >12 hours, 94% women underwent emergency caesarean section, 62% had operation time >1 hour, 61% had haemoglobin level <60%, 46% women had intervention by untrained birth attendant, and 43% women had >500 mL blood loss during operation. In bacteriological study, microorganisms were identified in 55% cases, among them Staphylococcus aureus (20%), E. coli (11%), Acinetobacter (7%), Pseudomonas (6%) and Proteus (5%). During sensitivity test Staphylococcus aureus was mostly sensitive to ceftriaxone (50%) and amikacin (33%) and E. coli to amikacin (80%). In four cases (2 proteus and 2 pseudomonas) out of 55 organisms were resistant to all antibiotics.

Conclusion: Most of the risk factors for surgical site infection during caesarean section identified in this study can be modified through intervention. However, the microorganisms detected from our patients showed a high degree of resistance for commonly prescribed antimicrobials in our set-up.

J Enam Med Col 2019; 9(2): 90-96
Drug Management Pattern and Their Adverse Effects in Patients of Cervical Carcinoma Attending Two Tertiary Care Hospitals in Dhaka City
Authors: Afrin Samantha , Noor Syed Ehsan
Published: June 2019

Background: Cervical cancer remains a significant health burden worldwide. It is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer and third leading cause of cancer death among females in least developed countries. There were an estimated 527,600 new cervical cancer cases and 265,700 deaths worldwide in 2012. Bangladesh stands 11th in the world in cervical cancer fatalities with 17.9 women dying in 100,000 due to the largely sexually transmitted disease every year.

Objective: The present study was done to evaluate the pattern of drug management, their adverse effects and socio-demographic characteristics of the patients of cervical carcinoma admitted and treated with chemotherapy in two tertiary care hospitals of Bangladesh.

Materials and Methods: It was a cross-sectional observational study carried out from January to December 2015 at Dhaka Medical College & Hospital and National Institute of Cancer Research Hospital. During this period, 109 patients were selected by purposive sampling technique using a set of pre-tested structured questionnaire. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 21.0.

Results: Most of the patients were in 5th decade (51.4%), from low (59.6%) income family and were married (98.16%). The mean duration of treatment for cancer was found 11.34 ± 5.32 months. Cisplatin (93.57%), 5 fluorouracil (63.3%) and paclitaxel (12.8%) were the most frequently prescribed drugs either alone or in combination. The adverse effects for cisplatin were gastrointestinal toxicity, nephrotoxicity, myelosuppresion and for 5-fluorouracil were myelosuppression, diarrhea, hyperpigmentation, dizziness, neuropathy, increased risk of infection.

Conclusion: The combination of cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil was mostly (50.45%) prescribed followed by cisplatin alone (26.6%) to treat the patients of cervical carcinoma in Bangladesh.

J Enam Med Col 2019; 9(2): 104-109
Management of Hollow Viscus Injury following Gunshot at Casualty Department of Dhaka Medical College & Hospital
Authors: Sarker Ashok Kumar , Zim Hasnat Zaman
Published: June 2019

Background: Gunshot injuries result from the effect of a bullet or projectiles emanating from the use of firearms. Firearm injuries are associated with substantial emotional, physical and financial burden causing an enormous human toll and imposing huge costs on the society. Abdominal injuries are associated with a high incidence of internal injury. These injuries are increasingly seen in many developing countries, which have been attributed to communal and ethnic clashes, political violence and armed robberies.

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the overall outcome of hollow viscus injury following gunshot on the basis of time duration of presentation and amount of blood loss at the time of presentation.

Materials and Methods: This observational study was conducted at casualty department of Dhaka Medical College & Hospital over a period of one year from October 2014 to October 2015. All admitted patients with hollow viscus injury due to gun shot at casualty department of DMCH were included in this study by selective sampling technique. The main outcome variables were postoperative wound infection, anastomotic leakage, number of deaths and prolonged hospital stays. Data processing and analysis were done using SPSS 17.0.

Results: There were total 76 patients with hollow viscus injury following gunshot during the period under review. All were male patients with mean age 31.13 years. Peak incidence occurred within age group 41–60 (52.6%). The most commonly injured organs were the small bowel in 34 patients (44.7%). Thirty (90.9%) patients presented within three hours of the event (p=0.001). Among six patients who died, 5 (83.8%) presented 10 hours after the event (p=0.001). Among 20 patients, 18 (90%) remained hospitalized more than 15 days, who presented within 4–6 hours of the event (p=0.001). In 29 out of 33 patients (87.9%) who did not suffer from any complications encountered only less than 15% of blood loss at the time of presentation (p=0.001). Among 15 patients who suffered from postoperative wound infection nine patients (60%) lost 30–40% of blood at the time of presentation (p=0.011).

Conclusion: Outcome of the patients with hollow viscus injury following gunshot were found to be related to the time taken to reach the casualty department from the place of event and the amount of blood loss at the time of presentation.

J Enam Med Col 2019; 9(2): 110-115
Reviewers in this Issue Vol.9(2)
Authors: Chief Editor In
Published: June 2019

Abstract not available

J Enam Med Col 2019; 9(2): 144
PENINGKATAN KREATIVITAS DAN PRODUKTIVITAS KEGIATAN MEMBATIK DI KELURAHAN TLOGOMAS MALANG
Authors: Agustina Melany , Handaratri Anitarakhmi , Prilianti Kestrilia Rega , Rahmadianto Sultan Arif
Published: June 2019

Batik is one of Indonesian culture heritage that should be preserved.In almost every Indonesia region has batik. Not only batik Jogja or Solo whose name is s become incredibly global, other areas in Indonesia also has batik. Recently, ‘membatik’ community in Kelurahan Tlogomas do not have pattern and a special color which is feature of Malang city .Therefore, activities devotion to community aims to bring training motives and color batik to enrich batik pattern.With community members not more than 10 peoples, this work is hoped can be seeds entrepreneurship that produces advantage. Devotion to community’ team provide socialization, assistance equipment and materials, and created special account to help introduce and markets batik Tlogomas. This activity is also to keep cultural heritage through the improvement of the creativity and productivity membatik activities.

Keywords : batik, tlogomas, pattern, color, malang
WORKSHOP PENULISAN KARYA TULIS ILMIAH PADA MGMP MATEMATIKA SMK MALANG
Authors: Qamar Kawakibul , Ardian Yusriel
Published: June 2019

Profesi Guru mempunyai fungsi dan peran yang sangat penting dalam membangun insan Indonesia cerdas dan komptetitif. Konsekuensi dari guru profesional adalah Pengembangan Keprofesian Berkelanjutan (PKB). Masih terlihat adanya kelemahan dari guru untuk melakukan publikasi ilmiah, yang disebabkan kurangnya keterampilan guru-guru untuk menulis karya tulis ilmiah. Untuk itu diperlukan usaha untuk meningkatkan keterampilan guru yang dikolaborasikan dengan pengembangan diri dan karya inovatif sebagai bagian PKB dengan indikasi sudah dilaksanakan dengan baik. Permasalahan yang dihadapi guru di sekolah adalah: (a) Keterampilan guru dalam menulis karya tulis ilmiah masih rendah, (b) Kegiatan peningkatan kompetensi di sekolah tidak menyentuh aspek keterampilan menulis karta tulis ilmiah dari setiap guru, (c) Dana kegiatan masih mengacu pada hal administratif sehingga kegiatan sangat sulit dilakukan, dan (d) Kesulitan dalam mendatangkan pihak kompeten untuk meningkatkan kompetensi menulis karya tulis sangat tinggi karena ketidaktahuan terhadap instruktur. Target luaran dari pengabdian pada masyarakat workshop penulisan karya tulis ilmiah pada guru SMK Malang adalah (a) Artikel karya tulis ilmiah yang dihasilkan dapat dipublikasikan baik dalam seminar, maupun jurnal, (b) Handout dan strategi pelatihan yang dapat diimbaskan kepada guru lain, (c) Pendampingan selama kurang lebih 2 bulan untuk mendapatkan kualitas artikel karya tulis ilmiah.
WORKSHOP PENYUSUNAN MODUL PADA MGMP MATEMATIKA SMK MALANG
Authors: Wulandari Tri Candra , Rahayu Sri , Pranyata Yuniar Ika Putri
Published: June 2019

ABSTRAK

Memiliki latar belakang keilmuan yang berbeda dengan SMA, tentunya membuat guru SMK lebih kreatif dalam mengajar, kreatif dalam menciptakan media pembelajaran maupun sumber belajar. Selama ini, fokus pengembangan hanya berdasarkan pada kondisi fisik dan pengembangan pembelajaran, pengembangan SDM belum sampai pada masalah content setiap mata pelajaran. Hingga saat ini masih belum ada solusi nyata yang mampu mengatasi kelemahan pemahaman konsep peserta didik terutama pada mata pelajaran matematika. Pengabdi memberikan solusi agar guru membuat modul. Modul merupakan salah satu bentuk bahan ajar cetak yang dapat digunakan guru sebagai percepatan pembelajaran. Kegiatan yang dilaksanakan adalah workshop dengan strategi pelatihan selama satu minggu dengan rincian kegiatan pelatihan meliputi teori, praktik dan presentasi. Pengabdian pada masyarakat dalam bentuk workshop penyusunan modul kontekstual pada guru SMK Malang adalah (a) menyusun modul matematika yang memiliki karakteristik program keahlian, (b) soal yang disusun merupakan soal matematika yang dikaitkan langsung dengan permalahan sesuai dengan kompetensi keahlian.

Kata-kata kunci : workshop, modul, kontekstual, MGMP matematika SMK

ABSTRACT

Having a different scientific background with high school, makes vocational’s teachers more creative in teaching, be creative in learning media and learning resources. So far, the focus of development is based on the physical condition and development of learning, human resource development has not reached the subject matter content of each subject. Until now there is still no real solution that can overcome the weakness of understanding the concept of learners, especially on the subjects of mathematics. Servers provide solutions for teachers to create modules. Module is one form of printed material that teachers can use as an acceleration of learning. The activities undertaken are workshops with a one week training strategy with detailed training activities covering theory, practice and presentation. Community service in the form of a workshop on the preparation of contextual modules in teachers of SMK Malang is (a) preparing math modules that have characteristics of skill program, (b) the matter that is composed is a mathematical problem that is directly related to the error in according with the competence of expertise

Keywords : contextual, module, teacher vocational school, workshop
Pendampingan Aplikasi Pupuk Hayati pada Kelompok Tani Subur Selaras Alam
Authors: Ikhwan Ali , Indratmi Dian
Published: June 2019

The Subur Selaras Alam farmer group is a group of vegetable farmers with an average land area of around 0.25 Ha. This farmer group has concerns over the decreasing land conditions due to excessive pesticide residue contamination and excessive chemical fertilization. In an effort to increase soil fertility and the quality of vegetables that are safer and healthier for consumers, farmer groups face several problems regarding biofertilizer technology. Among them are (1) partners have not mastered the technology of production and application of biofertilizers in the field, and (2) partners have not mastered organic farming cultivation management. Methods for overcoming partner problems are carried out with Focus Group Discussion (FGD), training and assistance in the application of biofertilizer technology in the field. The results of the dissemination of technology in the field that were obtained: (1) farmer group "Subur Selaras Alam" was very enthusiastic and mastered the application of biofertilizer technology, (2) increasing corn production reached 46%, (3) biofertilizers can save N (urea) fertilizer up to 50% , and (4) farmers have mastered the making and use of biofertilizers on the land.ABSTRAK Kelompok tani Subur Selaras Alam merupakan kelompok petani sayur dengan luasan lahan rata-rata sekitar 0,25 Ha. Kelompok Tani ini mempunyai kepedulian atas kondisi lahan yang semakin menurun karena cemaran residu pestisida yang terlalu tinggi dan pemupukan kimia yang berlebihan. Dalam upaya peningkatan kesuburan tanah dan mutu sayuran yang lebih aman dan sehat bagi konsumen kelompok tani menghadapi beberapa permasalahan mengenai teknologi pupuk hayati. Diantaranya yaitu (1) mitra belum menguasai teknologi produksi dan aplikasi pupuk hayati di lapang, dan (2) mitra belum menguasai menejemen budidaya pertanian organik. Metode untuk mengatasi permasalahan mitra dilakukan dengan Focus Group Discussion (FGD), pelatihan dan pendampingan aplikasi teknologi pupuk hayati di lapang. Hasil diseminasi teknologi di lapang yang telah dilaksanakan diperoleh hasil sebagai berikut : (1) kelompok  tani “Subur  Selaras  Alam” sangat antusias dan menguasai aplikasi teknologi pupuk hayati, (2) peningkatan  produksi jagung mencapai 46%, (3) pupuk hayati ini dapat menghemat pupuk N (urea) mencapai 50%, dan (4) petani sudah menguasai pembuatan dan penggunaan pupuk hayati di lahan.Kata kunci : pupuk hayati; pertanian organik; sayuran; pengabdian masyarakat
Efficiency in the Choice of Power Service Contract as Way of Financing Power Service Activities
Authors: Matveeva Elena Yu.
Published: June 2019

The basic principles of energy service contracts for the external illumination sector are considered. An assessment of conditions of contract profitability for both parties is given.
A Simple Method to Improve VCP by Reducing DGR in an Interior Lighting Installation
Authors: Faramarz Madjidi , Kamal ad-Din Abedi
Published: June 2019

Discomfort glare rating (DGR) and Unified glare rating (UGR) are main models currently used as discomfort glare evaluation systems, both of which are calculated employing four factors including the luminaire size, the luminaire position relative to the observer, background luminance, and the luminaires number and location. This study aims at proposing a simple solution for reducing DGR and thereby increasing visual comfort perception (VCP) in an interior lighting system. The proposed solution is based solely on variations of luminaire surface area without change in other factors, e.g. candlepower and number and location of luminaires in the lighting system. To this end, firstly, the equations related to DGR were modified for a desired luminaire, and, secondly, by solving the modified equations, the new luminaire surface area was obtained, which caused DGR decrease and VCP improvement. Finally, by some modifications in the location of selected luminaires having main role on DGR, the VCP rose considerably.
Night Sky Background Brightness Estimation by the Example of the St. Petersburg City
Authors: Kolgushkina Svetlana V. , Prokopenko Victor T. , Roslyakova Svetlana V.
Published: June 2019

Within the big city boundaries, artificial component of the sky glow increases every year. The main reasons are the expansion of the cities, the rapid growth of technical capabilities, inefficient lighting design without master-planning and lack of quality control of lighting projects. The data of astronomical observations confirm a significant brightness increasing in the lower atmosphere due to factors of terrestrial origin. The problem is mostly acute for observatories are located near major cities, which are struggling for the possibility of further research. Night sky background glow estimation is an actual direction for research in the modern world. The paper considers a model for calculating the sky brightness for the St. Petersburg city. According to the developed model observation position is located near the Pulkovo Observatory. The model is based on the Garstang’s method with use of Python programming language.
Methods of Calculation of Floodlighting Utilisation Factor at the Design Stage
Authors: Skarżyński Krzysztof
Published: June 2019

The main aim of this work is to present different methods of calculation of these new parameters: floodlighting utilization factor, useful luminous flux, loss of luminous flux and coefficient of floodlighting utilization factor. Each method is carefully described. There is also a general analysis of the assumptions and restrictions used in the calculations. The results of the calculations are presented and broadly discussed with reference to a very simple and a more complex floodlighting design. It was found that these parameters are very helpful and convenient in the assessment of the quality of floodlighting at the design level.
Analysis Criteria for Choosing Energy Efficient High-Quality Light Sources and Luminaires
Authors: Vagin Gennady Ya. , Solntsev Eugene B. , Malafeev Oleg Yu.
Published: June 2019

The article analyses critera applying to the choice of energy efficient high quality light sources and luminaires, which are used in Russian domestic and international practice. It is found that national standards GOST P 54993–2012 and GOST P 54992– 2012 contain outdated criteria for determining indices and classes of energy efficiency of light sources and luminaires. They are taken from the 1998 EU Directive #98/11/EU “Electric lamps”, in which LED light sources and discharge lamps of high intensity were not included. A new Regulation of the European Union #874/2012/EU on energy labelling of electric lamps and luminaires, in which these light sources are taken into consideration, contains a new technique of determining classes of energy efficiency and new, higher classes are added. The article has carried out a comparison of calculations of the energy efficiency classes in accordance with GOST P 54993 and with Regulation #874/2012/EU, and it is found out that a calculation using GOST P 54993 gives underrated energy efficiency classes. This can lead to interdiction of export for certain light sources and luminaires, can discredit Russian domestic manufacturer light sources and does not correspond to the rules of the World Trade Organization (WTO).
Photometry of Lighting Devices: Current State and Prospects for Development
Authors: Rozovsky Eugene I. , Stolyarevskaya Raisa I.
Published: June 2019

The article is a dedicated review of recommendations, methods, and tools for establishing and communicating the standard measurements of photometric, energy, and photon value units. The article considers how photometric values units are reproduced and traced through to the basic units of the International System of Units (SI), as well as how methods and tools of transposing standard measures from primary standards to measuring devices in test centres and laboratories. Modern day measurement requirements for test methods and facilities for illumination devices used in different illumination systems are also considered.
Daylighting Performance of Manual Solar Shades
Authors: Yao Jian
Published: June 2019

The daylighting performance improvement of manual solar shades was compared with two conventional window scenarios. A developed stochastic model for manual solar shades was used for co-simulation by BCVTB. Results show that manual solar shades increase useful daylight illuminance by approximately 160 % compared to conventional windows with less significant daylight illuminance fluctuation. In addition, occupants operate solar shades effectively during the late spring and early summer and the manual control during other periods can be further improved to enhance daylighting performance.
Light & Engineering / Svetotekhnika Journal: A Review of 2017 and Looking Forward to 2018-2020
Authors: Aizenberg Julian B. , Budak Vladimir P.
Published: June 2019

2017 has been a very productive and interesting year for our journal Light & Engineering/Svetotekhnika. It was marked by the publication of a large series of analytical reviews on the current state and prospects for the development of a number of important areas of lighting engineering (a total of 12 reviews), the publication of the regional volume of the Light & Engineering Journal (No. 3) devoted to solar energy technology in China (250 pages, 33 articles), further expansion of publications by international authors in Light & Engineering (since 2010, 120 articles by 230 authors from 23 countries have been published).
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF DRINKING WATER AND ACCUMULATION OF TOXIC METALS IN A HUMAN BODY
Authors: Hramov A. V. , Kontrosh L. V. , Pankratova M. Y. , Vezhenkova I. V.
Published: June 2019

Aims: To study associations between drinking water mineral composition and levels of accumulation of metals in a human body. Methods: Studies were conducted in several geochemical regions. Hair samples were taken from healthy 10-11 years old boys aged. Concentrations of toxic metals were determined in hair. Altogether, concentrations of 29 chemical elements in hair and drinking water were determined. Atomic emission spectrometry with inductive-argon plasma methods were used. Results and conclusions: The levels of calcium and magnesium in the hair in the study groups significantly varied between the samples and correlated with hardness of drinking water. Significant correlations were observed between the concentrations of calcium and magnesium in children's hair and in drinking water. An inverse association between accumulated copper, nickel, iron and strontium in hair in children and concentrations of these metals in drinking water was found. The patterns of metal accumulation varied across the geochemical regions and by the quality of drinking water.
EFFECT OF COLD ON INVOLUNTARY MOVEMENTS IN MEN WITH DIFFERENT LEVELS OF PHYSICAL FITNESS IN THE RUSSIAN NORTH
Authors: Eskov V. M. , Bazhenova A. E. , Ilyashenko L. K. , Grigorieva S. V.
Published: June 2019

Cold is a common environmental factor for the population of the Russian North. The aim of the study was to assess the effect of cold stress on involuntary movements (tremor) in men with different levels of physical fitness. The paper presents a new method for calculation of quasiattractor parameters for estimation of biomechanical homeostasis in two dimensions. Biomechanical analysis according to quasiattractors parameters was realized as a numerical measure of neuro-muscular functional system parameters under the stress-perturbation. We calculate the quasiattractor's squares for men with different levels of physical fitness. We obtained the following results: calculation of quasiattractors square demonstrates the difference of homeostasis between before and after local exposure to cold. After the exposure we registered a 2.7 times- and 1.8 times increase of quasiattractors square among sportsmen and sportsmen, respectively. There were also differences between the distribution of quasiattractors across levels of physical training: for sportsmen we observed a normal distribution while and for non-sportsmen the distribution was not normal. The matrix of pairwise comparison of samples demonstrate the probability p < 0,01 for two identical samples of tremorograms. Conclusions. A local cold exposure results in a nearly 3-fold increase in the number of pairs of k coincidences of the tremorogram samples for men. We also found the dynamics of increasing areas of quasi-attractors after a local cold impact, which depends on the physical training of the subject.
The Effect of Contextual Teaching And Learning (CTL) Learning Model on The Ability Of Concept Understanding Class VII Students of SMP 16, Kota Bengkulu
Authors: Sufianto Sufianto
Published: June 2019

This study aims to determine the effect of the Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) learning model on the ability to understand the concepts of class VII students of SMP 16 Kota Bengkulu. The research carried out was quasi-experimental with a population of all students in class VII of SMP 16 Kota Bengkulu totaling 218 students. Samples were taken by random sampling technique and a sample of 60 students was obtained, 30 students in the VIIA class as the experimental class, 30 students in the VIIE class as the control class. Data collection using Instrument concept understanding ability test. Data analysis techniques using Ancova. The results showed that there was the influence of the Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) learning model on the conceptual comprehension ability of seventh grade students in Bengkulu City 16 Junior High School at 80.50% with an average of 82.75 and there was an effect of an initial ability of 60.50% with an average average of 82.80. It can be concluded that the ability to understand students' concepts is better by using the Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) learning model.
ANALISIS KESTABILAN LERENG DINDING AKHIR DI PIT BARATLAUT PADA PENAMBANGAN BATUBARA DI PT. PUTERA BARA MITRA , KECAMATAN MENTEWE, KALIMANTAN SELATAN
Authors: Wahyudi Untung , P Excelsior T , Wahyudi Luthfi
Published: June 2019

PT. Putera Bara Mitra used open mining system for mining operation, Yet the completion of study on the end wall slope stability that  undertaken by geotechnical PT. Putera Bara Mitra in Northwest Pit and the occured a failure in the low wall on the 1st June 2012 led to the need for analysis and design the overall slope at the mine site. To analyze and design the overall slope, used value of the recommended minimum safety. The value was based on company for single slope SF ≥ 1.2 and SF ≥ 1.3 for overall slope. The calculation used Bichop method with the help of software slide v 5.0. Geometry improvements was done at the low slopes that originally single wall with a 30 m bench height and a slope 70° with SF = 0.781, into 4 levels with SF = 1.305. The analysis explained the factors that affect the stability of the low wall included the mining slope geometry, unfavorable drainase system, material stockpiles and seismicity factors. It was necessary to do prevention efforts to maintain the stability of the slope included the redesign to slope geometry, handling surface and subsurface water in a way to control slopes draining groundwater, vegetation stabilization using and monitoring slope using Total Station with Prism and Crackmeter to determine the movement of cracks visible on the surface.
ANALISIS STRUKTUR BAWAH PERMUKAAN BERDASARKAN GROUND PROFILES Vs DI KECAMATAN PRAMBANAN DAN KECAMATAN GANTIWARNO KABUPATEN KLATEN
Authors: Wibowo Nugroho budi
Published: June 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan nilai kecepatan gelombang geser dari pemodelan ground profiles menggunakan metode ellipticity curve, dan untuk menentukan struktur bawah permukaan. Akuisisi data mikrotremor dilakukan sebanyak 30 titik. Sinyal mikrotremor dianalisis menggunakan metode HVSR sehingga diperoleh data frekuensi predominan dan faktor amplifikasi yang disajikan dalam bentuk kurva H/V. Ground profile Vs diperoleh menggunakan metode ellipticity curve dengan input kurva H/V, Vs, Vp, density dan poisson ratio. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa struktur bawah permukaan di daerah penelitian terbagi menjadi tiga zona yang diklasifikasikan berdasarkan formasi pada lokasi penelitian, yaitu  zona I (Formasi Merapi Muda), zona II (Formasi Kebobutak)  dan zona III (Formasi Semilir). Nilai Vs pada zona I  bervariasi antara 50,15 m/s - 1657 m/s. Pada zona II nilai Vs bervariasi antara 50,75 m/s - 1555,08 m/s. Zona III memiliki nilai Vs bervariasi antara 52,09 m/s - 1744,5 m/s. Struktur bawah permukaan daerah penelitian didominasi oleh abu dan tuff yang tebal pada zona Formasi Merapi Muda. Konglomerat dan aglomerat pada zona Formasi Kebobutak. Lempung, dasit dan andesit pada zona Formasi Semilir. Analisa Struktur bawah permukaan memperlihatkan bahwa Kecamatan Prambanan dan Kecamatan Gantiwarno adalah wilayah yang mempunyai resiko bahaya seismik yang tinggi dikarenakan didominasi oleh material lunak.Kata kunci: ellipticity curve, ground profiles, kecepatan gelombang geser, struktur bawah permukaan
ANALISA PERILAKU DAYA DUKUNG FRIKSI TIANG PANCANG PADA TANAH LEMPUNG
Authors: Mukhlisin Muhammad
Published: June 2019

Pondasi pad konstruksi jembatan pada umumnya menggunakan pondasi dalam berupa tiang. Daya Dukung pondasi tiang dipengaruhi oleh parameter tanah yaitu sudut geser dalam (j) dan kohesi (c). Kedua parameter tanah ini dipengaruhi oleh kadar air yang disebabkan oleh perubahan iklim. Pada jenis tanah lempung kondisi tersebut akan mengakibatkan tanah mengalami pengembangan dan penyusutan. Kondisi ini diduga sebagai faktor utama yang mempengaruhi kegagalan struktur pondasi. Penelitian ini menjelaskan pola perilaku perubahan daya dukung friksi pondasi tiang grup akibat perubahan kadar air terhadap waktu melalui pembebanan skala laboratorium. Percobaan dilakukan menggunakan tanah lempung di kampus Politeknik Negeri Semarang, Tembalang, Semarang, Jawa Tengah. Model menggunakan tanah remolded dengan 4 buah tiang pancang Ø16 mm, yang direndam dan didiamkan pada suhu ruang dengan durasi waktu 1,3, dan 7 hari. Penelitian ini menggambarkan sebuah fenomena bahwa jenis tanah lempung yang digunakan setelah mengalami penjenuhan dan pengeringan pada suhu ruang, daya dukung friksi tiang tidak kembali seperti kondisi awal walaupun kadar air sudah sama atau lebih rendah dari kondisi awal.
Fakhr al-Dīn al-Rāzī on the Question ‘Why Worship God?’
Authors: Erlwein Hannah C.
Published: June 2019

A recurring concern of Fakhr al-Dīn al-Rāzī (d. 606/1210) in his Qur'anic commentary, al-Tafsīr al-kabīr, is the presentation of an intellectual justification for the all-important Islamic doctrine that God alone is deserving of worship. When surveying al-Rāzī’s arguments, they turn out to follow the same general line of reasoning: he who is creator is deserving of worship. This, however, might be seen to entail a difficulty (which al-Rāzī himself was actually aware of) in that unless God is the only creator, it does not seem clear why He alone, and no other entity, should be deserving of worship. The following question thus arises: do al-Rāzī’s arguments hinge on an occasionalist worldview? Or do they allow for secondary causality?

This article discusses some of the arguments al-Razī puts forward in the Tafsīr for God's sole right to be worshipped. In doing so, special attention is paid to the position on causality that underlies them. It will be seen that al-Rāzī presents various arguments, some of which rest on an occasionalist worldview, and some of which assume secondary causality. Interestingly, his line of argument changes depending on the underlying position. The reasons as to why al-Rāzī presents arguments based on two mutually exclusive positions (one of which he himself does not subscribe to) are also addressed.
Scientific program of DERICA—prospective accelerator and storage ring facility for radioactive ion beam research
Authors: Grigorenko L V , Sharkov B Yu , Fomichev A S , Barabanov A L , Barth W , Bezbakh A A , Bogomolov S L , Golovkov M S , Gorshkov A V , Dmitriev S N , Eremin V K , Ershov S N , Zhukov M V , Kalagin I V , Karpov A V , Katayama T , Kiselev O A , Korsheninnikov A A , Krupko S A , Kulevoy T V , Litvinov Yu A , Lychagin E V , Maksimkin I P , Meshkov I N , Mukha I G , Nikolskii E Yu , Parfenova Yu L , Parkhomchuk V V , Polozov S M , Pfutzner M , Sidorchuk S I , Simon H , Slepnev R S , Ter-Akopian G M , Trubnikov G V , Chudoba V , Scheidenberger C , Sharov P G , Shatunov P Yu , Shatunov Yu M , Shvetsov V N , Shulgina N B , Yukhimchuk A A , Yaramyshev S
Published: June 2019

Studies of radioactive ions (RIs) are the most thriving field of low-energy nuclear physics. In this paper, the concept and the scientific agenda of the prospective accelerator and storage ring facility for RI beam (RIB) research are proposed for a large-scale international project based at the Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions of the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research. The motivation for the new facility is discussed and its characteristics are briefly presented and shown to be comparable to those of advanced world centers, the so-called “RIB factories”. In the project, the emphasis is made on studies with short-lived RIBs in storage rings. A unique feature of the project is the possibility of studying electron–RI interactions in a collider experiment to determine the fundamental properties of nuclear matter, in particular, electromagnetic form factors of exotic nuclei.
The Higgs program and open questions in particle physics and cosmology
Authors: Heinemann B , Nir Y
Published: June 2019

The Higgs program is relevant to many of the open fundamental questions in particle physics and cosmology. Thus, when discussing future collider experiments, one way of comparing them is by assessing their potential contributions to progress on these questions. We discuss in detail the capabilities of various proposed experiments in searching for singlet scalars, which are relevant to several of the open questions, and in measuring Higgs decays into fermion pairs, which are relevant to the flavor puzzles. With regard to other interesting questions, we list the most relevant observables within the Higgs program.
Nanotransport controlled by means of the ratchet effect
Authors: Gulyaev Yu V , Bugaev A S , Rozenbaum V M , Trakhtenberg L I
Published: June 2019

The directional motion of micro- and nanoparticles can be induced not only directly due to the effect of forces with a nonzero average value, which set the direction of the motion, but also, in the absence of such forces in systems with broken mirror symmetry, under the effect of nonequilibrium fluctuations of various natures (the motor or ratchet effect). Unlike other reviews on nanoparticle transport, we focus on the principles of nanotransport control by means of the ratchet effect, which has numerous practical applications and, in particular, is a promising mechanism for targeted delivery of drugs in living organisms. We explain in detail various techniques to arrange directional motion in asymmetric media by means of rectification of the nonequilibrium fluctuations that supply energy to the system and feature a zero average value of applied forces, whether actual or generalized. We consider in depth the properties and characteristics of ratchet systems, their dependences on temperature, load forces, and features of the periodic potential profile in which nanoparticles move, such as the frequency of fluctuations of this profile and its spatial and time asymmetry. A systematic description of factors that determine the direction of motion of ratchet systems is presented.
Nature of Poisson’s ratio of amorphous polymers and glasses and its relation to structure-sensitive properties
Authors: Sanditov D S
Published: June 2019

A review and analysis of studies concerning the nature of Poisson’s ratio μ of glassy systems are presented. The value of μ is a more pronounced structure-sensitive property than are elasticity moduli. The unique relation of μ to the Gröneisen parameter is substantiated. In this connection, the interrelation of harmonic (linear) and anharmonic (nonlinear) characteristics is discussed. Poisson’s ratio is a single-valued function of parameters characterizing dynamic properties and critical processes and is sensitive to the lattice dynamics and the atomic–molecular structure of glasses. The structural features of isotropic solids with the negative Poisson’s ratio (transverse deformation coefficient) are discussed.
Field emission from carbon nanostructures: models and experiment
Authors: Eidelman E D , Arkhipov A V
Published: June 2019

Models of field (cold, autoelectron) emission from various types of carbon nanostructures, other than graphene, are described. The experimental results are compared with theoretical predictions.
The Future State of Nursing Education in Japan with Respect to the
Nursing Process and Nursing Records: Understanding the Current Needs
and Suggestions for the Future
Authors: Kume Yasuko , Tomizawa Rie , Yamaguchi Harumi
Published: June 2019

The nursing process is a flexible and holistic approach, whereby nurses may use critical thinking in responding to the changing health conditions of patients, and is unique as a problem-oriented and ubiquitous process [1]. In Japan, the nursing process is a method of thinking that applies scientific problem-solving to achieve the objective of nursing [2] and plays a vital role within basic nursing education and continuing education in guiding and expanding nursing practice. Emphasis is also placed on education concerning nursing records in terms of using it for recording the sequence of steps of nursing practice and demonstrating the thought process and conduct of the nursing profession [3].
Effects of Cooling Systems on Greenhouse Microclimate and Cucumber Growth under Mediterranean Climatic Conditions
Authors: Nikolaou Georgios , Neocleous Damianos , Katsoulas Nikolaos , Kittas Constantinos
Published: June 2019

Two experiments were conducted in different cropping seasons under Mediterranean climatic conditions to investigate the impact of two cooling systems (fan-pad evaporative as opposed to fan ventilation) on greenhouse microclimate and soilless cucumber growth. The second objective of the experiment was to determine the most appropriate irrigation regime (between 0.24 and 0.32 L m−2) in relation to crop water uptake and greenhouse fertigation effluents. The use of a fan ventilation system enhanced the vapor pressure deficit; thus, the crop transpiration improved by 60% in relation to the transpiration rates of plants grown under the fan-pad system. Higher transpiration rates alleviated the heat load as the external–inside greenhouse air differences declined from 6.2 °C to 3 °C. The leaf–air temperature differential indicated that plants were not facing any water stress conditions for both cooling systems tested; however, fan ventilation reduced drainage emissions outflows (95% decrease) compared with evaporative cooling. Results also demonstrated that an irrigation regime of 0.24 L m−2 can be applied successfully in soilless cucumber crops, keeping the drainage to a minimum (20% of the nutrient solution supply). These results suggest that fan ventilation cooling system in conjugation with an appropriate irrigation regime prevents overheating and minimizes the nutrient and water losses in spring-grown soilless cucumber crops in Mediterranean greenhouses without compromising yield.