bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Il socialismo dei professori nella Torino di fine Ottocento: immagini letterarie ed echi cinematografici
Authors: Vilei Leonardo
Published: March 2020

Il presente articolo prende in esame la vicenda del socialismo dei professori, con particolare riferimento all’esperienza, sia politica che letteraria, di Edmondo De Amicis, autore di un romanzo postumo, Primo Maggio, che è stato letto in chiave anti Cuore o come un Cuore socialista. La stessa vicenda che accompagna la gestazione e la pubblicazione dell’opera permette di comprendere meglio la complessità del fermento socialista della fine dell’Ottocento, ma anche i timori di una società borghese e conservatrice che aveva proprio nello scrittore di Oneglia il suo referente letterario più amato. Si prenderà infine in esame il film I compagni di Mario Monicelli, che con l’eredità di De Amicis, e con alcuni nodi irrisolti della sinistra italiana, dialoga a distanza di decenni, volente o nolente.
The Effectiveness of Current Interventions to Reverse the Underachievement of Gifted Students: Findings of a Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review
Authors: Steenbergen-Hu Saiying , Olszewski-Kubilius Paula , Calvert Eric
Published: March 2020

Underachievement of gifted students has been a great concern for the field of gifted education. The current study reviewed 14 recent empirical studies concerning the effectiveness of underachievement interventions on gifted students’ achievement outcomes and psychosocial outcomes. Overall, there was no evidence that underachievement interventions significantly improved academic performance of gifted underachievers ( g = .09, p = .387), especially in terms of course grades. Gifted underachievers receiving interventions significantly outscored their comparison peers on psychosocial outcomes ( g = 0.22, p = .001), which consisted of a variety of measures on self-efficacy, goal valuation, environmental perceptions, self-regulation/motivation, and psychosocial functioning. Qualitative studies generally reported that gifted underachievers benefited from the interventions in terms of increased motivation for learning, improved self-regulation, and finding school more meaningful. Findings need to be viewed in light of the relatively low quality of the evidence from recent research on underachievement interventions.
Book review: Ghanshyam Shah, Democracy, Civil Society and Governance
Authors: Rai Dhananjay
Published: March 2020

Ghanshyam Shah, Democracy, Civil Society and Governance. New Delhi: SAGE, 2019, xix + 238 pp., ₹795.*
Book review: Kamal Nayan Kabra, The Black Economy in India: Transition to the Grey Political Economy
Authors: Nataraj Geethanjali
Published: March 2020

Kamal Nayan Kabra, The Black Economy in India: Transition to the Grey Political Economy. Delhi: Aakar Books, 2019, 273 pp., ₹895.
Mother-to-child transmission of HIV and utilization of preventive services in Anambra South Senatorial Zone, Nigeria: Practice considerations for social workers
Authors: Onalu Chinyere , Agwu Prince , Okoye Uzoma , Agha Ali
Published: March 2020

Low- and middle-income countries, including Nigeria, are often associated with poor health outcomes, such as the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS). Mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) is a dominant driver of HIV/AIDS in these countries, necessitating the need to prevent such mode of transmission. With the availability of prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMCTC) services in Anambra State, Nigeria, it becomes important to investigate the utilization of these services. This is needful given the relatively high percentage of vertical transmission in the state. To conduct this study, data were sourced using six focus group discussions involving 15 health workers and 24 HIV-positive mothers selected from three health facilities that dispense PMCTC services. Findings revealed that PMTCT services in the study area had setbacks owing to facility-based inefficiencies, low-level awareness and-coverage of the services at the grass-roots level, weak social support and cultural/religious beliefs, among others. To contain these setbacks, social workers as welfare/human rights professionals were recommended to be engaged.
Technology transfer of urban highways and interchange design in the 1960s: The case of the Ayalon Crosstown Expressway, Israel
Authors: Kozlovsky Roy
Published: March 2020

This paper reconstructs the design history of the Ayalon Crosstown Expressway in Tel Aviv, a project that initiated the technology transfer of American and European transport planning methods to Israel. It examines the unstable, evolving dynamics between agents pushing the technology such as the World Bank and international traffic planning firms, and local institutions pulling or opposing it such as the city, the highway company, and various competing governmental departments. The five successive plans developed for that highway by Canadian, American, French, and British planners offer themselves to comparative analysis of national design philosophies of urban highway systems. Through a close reading of the different geometric plans of one bifurcating interchange, the paper analyses how the technology was adapted to fit the Israeli political, administrative, and economic environment, and identifies a shift in highway planning rationality and techniques for governing mobility at the American source of innovation.
State feedback stabilization of linear descriptor time-varying delay systems
Authors: Niamsup Piyapong , Phat Vu N
Published: March 2020

In this paper, the augmented Lyapunov-Krasovskii function approach combining with singular value decomposition method is developed for stabilization of linear descriptor systems with time-varying delay. The delay function is non-differentiable, but continuous and bounded. By introducing a set of improved Lyapunov-Krasovskii functionals we propose delay-dependent sufficient conditions for admissibility of the system in terms of linear matrix inequalities. Then, based on the obtained stability results the problem of stabilization is solved via state feedback controllers, which guarantees that the descriptor closed-loop system is admissible. An numerical example with simulation is provided to show the effectiveness of the theoretical result.
Oxymetazoline, Mupirocin, Clotrimazole—Safe, Effective, Off-Label Agents for Tympanostomy Tube Care
Authors: Isaacson Glenn
Published: March 2020

Objectives:

Only a few medications have a United States Food and Drug Administration indications for prevention and/or treatment of infections in patients with tympanic perforations or tympanostomy tubes. We examined 3 off-label agents that have become important in tympanostomy tube care hoping to demonstrate the effectiveness and safety of each in experimental assays and human application.

Methods:

Computerized literature review.

Results:

(1) Oxymetazoline nasal spray applied at the time of surgery is equivalent to fluoroquinolone ear drops in the prevention of early postsurgical otorrhea and tympanostomy tube occlusion at the first postoperative visit. (2) Topical mupirocin 2% ointment is effective alone or in combination with culture-directed systemic therapy for the treatment of tympanostomy tube otorrhea caused by community-acquired, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. (3) Topical clotrimazole 1% cream is highly active against the common yeast and fungi that cause otomycosis. A single application after microscopic debridement will cure fungal tympanostomy tube otorrhea in most cases. None of these 3 agents is ototoxic in animal histological or physiological studies, and each has proved safe in long-term clinical use.

Conclusions:

Oxymetazoline nasal spray, mupirocin ointment, and clotrimazole cream are safe and effective as off-label medications for tympanostomy tube care in children.
Effects of Verbal and Nonverbal Communication of Affection on Avoidantly Attached Partners’ Emotions and Message Receptiveness
Authors: Schrage Kristina M. , Maxwell Jessica A. , Impett Emily A. , Keltner Dacher , MacDonald Geoff
Published: March 2020

Research on adult attachment in romantic relationships has focused on the negative outcomes that avoidantly attached individuals face. The present research uses observational research methods to determine if there are specific ways of communicating affection that might help avoidantly attached people reap similar levels of rewards from affectionate communication as those who are more secure. We combined three samples ( Ntotal = 280 couples, 560 participants) who took turns describing a time they felt strong love for their partner, and coded their expressions for cues of verbal affection (i.e., emotion-laden words) and nonverbal affection (i.e., behavioral expressiveness). Higher levels of the speaker’s nonverbal affection were associated with stronger positive emotion and behavioral receptiveness (i.e., appearing engaged) for listeners higher in attachment avoidance. Altogether, we provide evidence that avoidantly attached individuals may experience positive outcomes from affectionate exchanges when the communication style is tailored to their unique needs.
Hegel, Islam and liberalism: Religion and the shape of world history
Authors: Lynch Thomas
Published: March 2020

Hegel’s philosophy is in tension with liberalism, containing both liberalizing tendencies and rejecting liberal norms. I explore this tension by investigating the relationship between religion, fanaticism and world history in Hegel’s discussion of Islam. Drawing on recent work that considers Hegel’s treatment of race and world history, I show that he views Islam as a form of fanaticism that is antithetical to Christian Europe. This rejection of Islam stands in contrast to his treatment of the French Revolution, which is a fanaticism that can be incorporated into world history. I conclude that Hegel does not provide resources for narrating a history of a more inclusive Europe, but that interrogating his philosophy offers strategies for thinking askew the liberal ‘problem-space’ and reconsidering identities formed in opposition to the Islamic fanatic. Such an interrogation reveals the assumptions at work in contemporary debates about the liberalization of Islam.
Combining Stereoscopic Video and Virtual Reality Simulation to Maximize Education in Lateral Skull Base Surgery
Authors: Barber Samuel R. , Jain Saurabh , Mooney Michael A. , Almefty Kaith K. , Lawton Michael T. , Son Young‐Jun , Stevens Shawn M.
Published: March 2020

Mastery of lateral skull base (LSB) surgery requires thorough knowledge of complex, 3‐dimensional (3D) microanatomy and techniques. While supervised operation under binocular microscopy remains the training gold standard, concerns over operative time and patient safety often limit novice surgeons’ stereoscopic exposure. Furthermore, most alternative educational resources cannot meet this need. Here we present proof of concept for a tool that combines 3D‐operative video with an interactive, stereotactic teaching environment. Stereoscopic video was recorded with a microscope during translabyrinthine approaches for vestibular schwannoma. Digital imaging and communications in medicine (DICOM) temporal bone computed tomography images were segmented using 3D‐Slicer. Files were rendered using a game engine software built for desktop virtual reality. The resulting simulation was an interactive immersion combining a 3D operative perspective from the lead surgeon’s chair with virtual reality temporal bone models capable of hands‐on manipulation, label toggling, and transparency modification. This novel tool may alter LSB training paradigms.
Influence of Age at Cochlear Implantation and Frequency‐to‐Place Mismatch on Early Speech Recognition in Adults
Authors: Canfarotta Michael W. , O’Connell Brendan P. , Buss Emily , Pillsbury Harold C. , Brown Kevin D. , Dillon Margaret T.
Published: March 2020

Objective

Default frequency filters of cochlear implant (CI) devices assign frequency information irrespective of intracochlear position, resulting in varying degrees of frequency‐to‐place mismatch. Substantial mismatch negatively influences speech recognition in postlingually deafened CI recipients, and acclimatization may be particularly challenging for older adults due to effects of aging on the auditory pathway. The present report investigated the influence of mismatch and age at implantation on speech recognition within the initial 6 months of CI use.

Study Design

Retrospective review.

Setting

Tertiary referral center.

Subjects and Methods

Forty‐eight postlingually deafened adult CI recipients of lateral wall electrode arrays underwent postoperative computed tomography to determine angular insertion depth of each electrode contact. Frequency‐to‐place mismatch was determined by comparing spiral ganglion place frequencies to default frequency filters. Consonant‐nucleus‐consonant (CNC) scores in the CI‐alone condition at 1, 3, and 6 months postactivation were compared to the degree of mismatch at 1500 Hz and age at implantation.

Results

Younger adult CI recipients experienced more rapid growth in speech recognition during the initial 6 months postactivation. Greater degrees of frequency‐to‐place mismatch were associated with poorer performance, yet older listeners were not particularly susceptible to this effect.

Conclusions

While older adults are not necessarily more sensitive to detrimental effects of frequency‐to‐place mismatch, other factors appear to limit early benefit with a CI in this population. These results suggest that minimizing mismatch could optimize outcomes in adult CI recipients across the life span, which may be particularly beneficial in the elderly considering auditory processing deficits associated with advanced age.
Cranial Base Manifestations of Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis
Authors: Kiessling Patrick T. , Marinelli John P. , Peters Pierce A. , DeLone David R. , Lane John I. , Koster Matthew J. , Carlson Matthew L.
Published: March 2020

Objective

Although granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA; Wegener’s granulomatosis) is classically characterized by systemic disease involving the kidneys and airway, approximately 10% of patients who have it present with isolated central nervous system disease. When involving the skull base, GPA frequently mimics more common pathology, resulting in diagnostic challenges and delay. The primary objective of this study is to characterize the cranial base manifestations of GPA, highlighting aspects most relevant to the skull base surgeon.

Study Design

Retrospective review.

Setting

Tertiary academic referral center.

Subjects and Methods

Retrospective analysis of all patients with skull base GPA treated at a tertiary referral center from January 1, 1996, to May 1, 2018.

Results

Twenty‐nine patients met inclusion criteria. Twenty‐one (72%) initially presented with skull base symptomatology as their cardinal manifestation of GPA. Twenty‐four (82%) presented with cranial neuropathy at some point in their disease course. The trigeminal nerve was most commonly involved (12 of 24, 50%), followed by the facial (11 of 24, 46%) and optic (8 of 24, 33%) nerves. Eighteen patients reported hearing loss attributed to the GPA disease process, presenting as conductive, sensorineural, or mixed. The most common locations for GPA‐derived inflammatory skull base disease on imaging included the cavernous sinus (12 of 29, 41%) and the orbit (7 of 29, 24%).

Conclusion

Establishing the diagnosis of skull base GPA remains challenging. Cranial neuropathy is diverse in presentation and often mimics more common conditions. Imaging findings are also unpredictable and frequently nonspecific. Careful review of patient history, clinical presentation, serology and biopsy results, and imaging can reveal important clues toward the diagnosis.
Elevated Central and Mixed Apnea Index after Upper Airway Stimulation
Authors: Patel Jena , Daniels Kelly , Bogdan Lauren , Huntley Colin , Boon Maurits
Published: March 2020

Objective

Upper airway stimulation (UAS) is used to treat patients with moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The aim of this study is to report the incidence and potential predictors of elevated central and mixed apnea index (CMAI) after UAS.

Study Design

Retrospective chart review of patients undergoing UAS.

Setting

Tertiary care center.

Subjects and Methods

Included patients underwent UAS for OSA at our institution between 2014 and 2018. Data collected included demographic information, implantation records, and pre‐ and postoperative polysomnography (PSG) results. CMAI ≥5 was considered elevated. Post hoc univariate analysis was performed to evaluate factors associated with elevated CMAI.

Results

In total, 141 patients underwent UAS at our institution. This included 94 men and 47 women with a mean age of 61.2 ± 11.0 years and a mean body mass index of 29.1 ± 3.9 kg/m2. Five patients had an elevated CMAI after surgery during UAS titration. Demographics, comorbid conditions, and device settings were not associated with an elevated postoperative CMAI (P >. 05).

Conclusion

The occurrence of an elevated CMAI after surgery may represent treatment‐emergent events. Demographics, comorbid conditions, and UAS device settings were not associated with central and mixed apneic events.

Level of Evidence

4
High expression of RAD21 predicts poor survival in patients with operated non-small-cell lung cancer
Authors: Zhu Tao , Gao Zhaojia , Yuan Kai , Wang Yong
Published: March 2020

Purpose:

To investigate the expression profile and prognostic value of RAD21 in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods:

A tissue microarray (TMA) containing 60 paired NSCLC tissues and peritumor tissues was purchased and another TMA containing 140 NSCLC tissues was constructed. Then, immunohistochemical staining was performed and scored. Finally, the expression profile and prognostic value of RAD21 were evaluated.

Results:

RAD21 was predominantly detected in the nucleus of tumor and peritumor cells. RAD21 was more highly expressed in tumor tissues compared to peritumor tissues. High RAD21 expression was correlated with more lymph node metastases and advanced pathological stage, but not with any other clinicopathological features. High RAD21 expression led to worsened overall survival (OS) and was an independent prognostic factor for worsened OS in NSCLC, especially in stage II–III.

Conclusion:

High RAD21 expression indicates poor survival in patients with NSCLC. RAD21 may become a novel prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in patients with NSCLC.
A Subset of Equine Gastric Squamous Cell Carcinomas Is Associated With Equus Caballus Papillomavirus–2 Infection
Authors: Alloway Elizabeth , Linder Keith , May Susan , Rose Trevor , DeLay Josepha , Bender Susan , Tucker Alison , Luff Jennifer
Published: March 2020

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the most common neoplasm of the equine stomach. However, the mechanisms underlying malignant transformation are unknown. As Equus caballus papillomavirus–2 (EcPV-2) is a likely cause of some genital SCCs, we hypothesized that EcPV-2 is associated with a subset of equine gastric SCCs. To this aim, we performed polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and in situ hybridization (ISH) for EcPV-2 E6/ E7 oncogenes on 11 gastric SCCs and on gastric samples from 15 control horses with no SCC. PCR for EcPV-2 was positive in 7/11 (64%) gastric SCCs; non-SCC gastric samples were all negative. Intense hybridization signals for EcPV-2 E6/E7 nucleic acid were detected by ISH within tumor cells in 5/11 (45%) gastric SCCs, including distant metastases. No hybridization signals were detected within any of the non-SCC gastric cases. This study provides support for a potential association between EcPV-2 infection and a subset of equine gastric SCC.
Safer and Cheaper: An Enhanced Milestone-Based Return to Play Program After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in Young Athletes Is Cost-Effective Compared With Standard Time-Based Return to Play Criteria
Authors: DeFrancesco Christopher J. , Lebrun Drake G. , Molony Joseph T. , Heath Madison R. , Fabricant Peter D.
Published: March 2020

Background:

Safe return to play (RTP) after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is critical to patient satisfaction. Enhanced rehabilitation after ACL reconstruction with appropriate objective criteria for RTP may reduce the risk of subsequent injury. The cost-effectiveness of an enhanced RTP (eRTP) strategy relative to standard post-ACL reconstruction rehabilitation has not been investigated.

Purpose:

To determine if an eRTP strategy after ACL reconstruction is cost-effective compared with standard rehabilitation.

Study Design:

Economic and decision analysis.

Methods:

A decision-analysis model was utilized to compare standard rehabilitation with an eRTP strategy, which includes additional neuromuscular retraining, advanced testing, and follow-up physician visits. Cost-effectiveness was evaluated from a payer perspective. Costs of surgical procedures and rehabilitation protocols, risks of graft rupture and contralateral ACL injury, risk reductions as a result of the eRTP strategy, and relevant health utilities were derived from the literature. An incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of <$100,000/quality-adjusted life-year was used to determine cost-effectiveness. Sensitivity analyses were performed on pertinent model parameters to assess their effect on base case conclusions. In the base case analysis, the eRTP strategy cost was conservatively estimated to be $969 more than the standard rehabilitation protocol. Completion of the eRTP strategy was considered to confer a 25% risk reduction for graft rupture in comparison with standard rehabilitation.

Results:

The eRTP strategy was more cost-effective than standard rehabilitation alone. Based on 1-way threshold analyses, the eRTP strategy was cost-effective as long as its additional cost over standard rehabilitation was <$2092 or the eRTP strategy decreased the incidence of contralateral ACL rupture by >13.8%.

Conclusion:

The eRTP strategy in this study adds additional neuromuscular retraining and additional physician follow-up—as well as advanced testing goals upon which RTP is contingent—to traditional physical therapy. Our data suggest that these additions are cost-effective, even assuming only modest associated decreases in ACL graft failure. This study also determined that the only variable that had the potential to change the cost-effectiveness conclusion based on predetermined ranges was the additional cost of rehabilitation based on 1-way sensitivity analysis.

Clinical Relevance:

This study provides evidence of cost-effectiveness for payers, supporting the use of enhanced RTP programs. The sensitivity analyses herein may be used to determine if any given RTP program going forward is cost-effective, regardless of the exact components of the program.
Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation as Treatment for Unsalvageable Osteochondritis Dissecans: 10- to 25-Year Follow-up
Authors: Carey James L. , Shea Kevin G. , Lindahl Anders , Vasiliadis Haris S. , Lindahl Carl , Peterson Lars
Published: March 2020

Background:

An unsalvageable osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) fragment has been defined as one that cannot be saved. Unsalvageable OCD lesions have been treated with various techniques, including fragment excision, microfracture, osteochondral autograft transfer, fresh osteochondral allograft transplantation, and autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI).

Hypothesis:

Patients who underwent ACI as treatment for unsalvageable OCD more than 10 years ago would maintain satisfactory patient-oriented outcome measures and have a low need for additional open surgery, especially arthroplasty.

Study Design:

Case series; Level of evidence, 4.

Methods:

All Swedish and Norwegian patients (59 patients with 67 OCD lesions) who underwent ACI for OCD under the direction of the senior author between 1990 and 2005 were identified through manual chart review. Features of the patient, OCD lesion, and surgery were extracted from the medical record and intraoperative photographs. Patients were sent questionnaires to assess the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score, Tegner-Wallgren activity score, and Lysholm score. In addition, patients were asked whether they had to undergo further surgery, including knee replacement, of the knee that underwent ACI. They were asked whether they would have the surgery again if in the same situation.

Results:

A total of 55 patients (93%) with 61 OCD lesions (91%) responded. The median follow-up duration was 19 years (range, 10-26 years) and the median age at follow-up was 43 years (range, 28-69 years). Subsequent arthroscopy was performed in the majority of cases, although many of these were scheduled “second looks” as part of a study. With respect to other subsequent surgery, 12 knees (20%) underwent any additional open surgery, but only 2 knees (3%) underwent arthroplasty. Eight knees (13%) underwent revision ACI. Most patients reached their preinjury activity level (62%) and would undergo ACI again if in the same situation (85%). If failure is defined as revision of the graft or conversion to arthroplasty, then survivorship after ACI for OCD in the current study would be 87% at 10 years, 85% at 15 years, and 82% at 20 years.

Conclusion:

ACI for OCD provides a durable treatment option. At a median follow-up of 19 years, there was a very low (~3%) conversion to total knee arthroplasty.
Modified Iliotibial Band Tenodesis Is Indicated to Correct Intraoperative Residual Pivot Shift After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Using an Autologous Hamstring Tendon Graft: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Porter Mark , Shadbolt Bruce
Published: March 2020

Background:

The indications for the addition of anterolateral soft tissue augmentation to anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction and its effectiveness remain uncertain.

Purpose:

To determine if modified iliotibial band tenodesis (MITBT) can improve clinical outcomes and reduce the recurrence of ACL ruptures when added to ACL reconstruction in patients with a residual pivot shift.

Study Design:

Randomized controlled trial; Level of evidence, 2.

Methods:

Patients with a primary ACL rupture satisfying the following inclusion criteria were enrolled: first ACL rupture, involved in pivoting sports, skeletally mature, no meniscal repair performed, and residual pivot shift relative to the contralateral uninjured knee immediately after ACL reconstruction. Patients were randomized to group A (no further surgery) or group B (MITBT added) and were followed up for 2 years. The patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures used were the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score, Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) subscale of sport/recreation (Sport/Rec), KOOS subscale of quality of life (QoL), Lysholm knee score (LKS), Tegner activity scale (TAS), recurrent ACL ruptures, or need for further surgery in either knee. Analysis of variance was used to compare PROs; the Wilcoxon test was used for the TAS; and the chi-square test was used for recurrence of ACL ruptures, meniscal injuries, and contralateral ACL ruptures ( P < .05).

Results:

A total of 55 patients were randomized: 27 to group A (female:male ratio = 15:12; mean age, 22.3 ± 3.7 years) and 28 to group B (female:male ratio = 17:11; mean age, 21.8 ± 4.1 years). At 2-year follow-up, group A had a similar IKDC score (90.9 ± 10.7 vs 94.2 ± 11.2; respectively; P = .21), lower KOOS Sport/Rec score (91.5 ± 6.4 vs 95.3 ± 4.4, respectively; P = .02), similar KOOS QoL score (92.0 ± 4.8 vs 95.1 ± 4.3, respectively; P = .14), lower LKS score (92.5 ± 4.8 vs 96.8 ± 8.0, respectively; P = .004), lower TAS score (median, 7 [range, 7-9] vs 8 [range, 8-10], respectively; P = .03), higher rate of recurrence (14.8% vs 0.0%, respectively; P < .001), similar rate of meniscal tears (14.8% vs 3.6%, respectively; P = .14), and similar rate of contralateral ACL ruptures (3.7% vs 3.6%, respectively; P = .99) relative to group B.

Conclusion:

The augmentation of ACL reconstruction with MITBT reduced the risk of recurrent ACL ruptures in knees with a residual pivot shift after ACL reconstruction and improved KOOS Sport/Rec, LKS, and TAS scores.

Registration:

ACTRN12618001043224 (Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry)
Leukodystrophies and Genetic Leukoencephalopathies in Children Specified by Exome Sequencing in an Expanded Gene Panel
Authors: Parayil Sankaran Bindu , Nagappa Madhu , Chiplunkar Shwetha , Kothari Sonam , Govindaraj Periyasamy , Sinha Sanjib , Taly Arun B.
Published: March 2020

The overlapping clinical and neuroimaging phenotypes of leukodystrophies pose a diagnostic challenge to both clinicians and researchers alike. Studies on the application of exome sequencing in the diagnosis of leukodystrophies are emerging. We used targeted gene panel sequencing of 6440 genes to investigate the genetic etiology in a cohort of 50 children with neuroimaging diagnosis of leukodystrophy/genetic leukoencephalopathy of unknown etiology. These 50 patients without a definite biochemical or genetic diagnosis were derived from a cohort of 88 patients seen during a 2.5-year period (2015 January-2017 June). Patients who had diagnosis by biochemical or biopsy confirmation (n = 17) and patients with incomplete data or lack of follow-up (n = 21) were excluded. Exome sequencing identified variants in 30 (60%) patients, which included pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants in 28 and variants of unknown significance in 2. Among the patients with pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants, classic leukodystrophies constituted 13 (26%) and genetic leukoencephalopathies 15 (30%). The clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings and genetic features of the identified disorders are discussed.
NurseTRUST: A Leadership Model for Advancing Population Health
Authors: Clarke Pamela N. , VanDriel Mary Kay
Published: March 2020

An interview with one of the current leaders for NurseTRUST tells the story of a newly formed organization to advance nursing leadership to address population health. The vision has always been to prepare nurse leaders for advanced positions in senior leadership roles in healthcare. The RWJ-Nurse Executive Fellowship created national leaders to influence population health. The postprogram Fellows are leveraging this design for the next generation of leaders through the NurseTRUST organization. The network of trusted colleagues can address emerging issues with their national colleagues who are leaders in their field while mentoring the next generation of nurse leaders.
A World of Lost Connections
Authors: Morrow Mary R.
Published: March 2020

This is the introduction to the Book Reviews and New Media Column
The Middle-Range Theory of the Adapting Family: From Theory to Practice
Authors: Butt Clare M.
Published: March 2020

The middle-range theory of the adapting family, derived from the Roy adaptation model, was chosen as the guiding framework for the newly formed Family Center at Holy Family University. The committee governing the Family Center supported the application of this theory to the provision of resources to families through education, counseling, consultation, and advocacy. The concepts of stimuli, coping processes, and outcomes of the middle-range theory of the adapting family are examined. Services offered, including the parenting workshops, retirement workshops, and the cakes for kids program, are explained with detailed examples of how the theory is used in practice.
Like a Rolling Stone
Authors: Antille Maryrose , Bigler-Perrotin Lucienne , Baumann Steven L.
Published: March 2020

Suddenly hearing she had breast cancer, M.A., one of the authors, a nurse with discerning witness, ponders her experience of rolling stones. At the time she worked in a center dedicated to living humanbecoming with person-family-community concerned with a cancer illness. Humanbecoming paradigm was the specific discipline guiding the care in the center. Moment-to-moment, the author (M.A.) was moving with emerging meaningful experiences of having breast cancer, shapeshifting her living quality with surprising uncertainties. The humanbecoming principles structuring meaning, configuring rhythmical patterns, and cotranscending with the possibles illustrate her story with the metaphorical expression of mountains as meaningful in a Swiss novel.
Ethical Implications for Preserving the Name of the Discipline of Nursing
Authors: Milton Constance L.
Published: March 2020

The term nursology has resurfaced in the nursing literature as a replacement name for the discipline of nursing. This article reviews the historical significance of the current terminology and the ethical implications that demand the preservation of the language of the discipline. The humanbecoming ethos of enduring truths is used to illustrate the importance of the current terminology for future generations of nurses and for serving humankind.
A Theoretical Framework to Underpin Clinical Learning for Undergraduate Nursing Students
Authors: Landers Margaret G. , O’Mahony Mairin , McCarthy Bridie
Published: March 2020

The aim of this is paper is to propose Benner’s “Novice to Expert” Framework to underpin learning for students as they progress through the clinical components of an undergraduate nursing educational program. Steinaker and Bell’s “Experiential Taxonomy” is presented as a practical medium for itemizing the nursing activities novices are exposed to at the initiation of clinical experience and to the clinical competencies expected of nurses on completion of their educational program. The authors also propose a range of theories of learning applicable to the clinical education of undergraduate nursing students, which can be maximized to enhance clinical learning.
A Book Review of Johann Hari’s Book: Lost Connections: Uncovering the Real Causes of Depression—and the Unexpected Solutions
Authors: Morrow Mary R.
Published: March 2020

This is a book review of Johann Hari’s Book: Lost Connections: Uncovering the Real Causes of Depression-and the Unexpected Solutions.
Thoughts About Recognizing Excellence in Nursing
Authors: Fawcett Jacqueline
Published: March 2020

The purpose of this essay is to outline two strategies that can be used to increase recognition of nursing excellence—in research, education, and practice. The first strategy is to gain recognition for excellence in nursing in and beyond universities, to collaborate with members of other disciplines, and to publicize what we study and what we teach. The second strategy is to gain recognition for excellence in nursing in and beyond clinical agencies, to publicize what we do when interacting with people who seek our services, and to implement the standards of the Pathway to Excellence Program® and/or the Magnet Recognition Program®.
Lingering Presence: The Candle Still Burns
Authors: Hegge Margaret , Bunkers Sandra
Published: March 2020

The following article gives tribute to Florence Nightingale as nursing celebrates her 200-year birthday in 2020. Through the perspective of the humanbecoming paradigm, Nightingale’s lingering presence in nursing is illustrated.
Cocreating Nursing’s Future: A Leading-Following View
Authors: Ortiz Mario R.
Published: March 2020

The Institute of Medicine’s (IOM, 2011) Future of Nursing report is an important study of the healthcare system that reflects significant ways nurses may drive transformational change. In this paper, the author explores the Key Elements from the IOM’s (2011) Future of Nursing report in light of Parse’s (2008) leading-following model and community change concepts (Parse, 2003, 2012). This exploration is logical in that to implement the IOM’s Key Elements, community change and leadership are necessary.
Strangers and Fellow Citizens: Perspectives on Immigration and Society
Authors: Wabel Thomas
Published: March 2020

The article sets out a critical assessment of recent public reactions in Germany upon taking in large numbers of refugees since 2015, which have been swaying between moralisation and resentment. In this situation, public theology should ask how hospitality is linked to the perceived identity of a society and to its perception of who belongs, and what role Christianity might play in these debates. Drawing on a phenomenological perspective within contemporary German philosophy (Bernhard Waldenfels), and contrasting this perspective with historical and contemporary voices on migration within political philosophy (Georg Simmel, Michael Walzer), the article explores what the concepts of stranger, member and guest imply for the relation of ‘us’ to ‘the other’. From this, I derive a suggestion as to how Christian theology could contribute to a change in the self-perception of society, centred around the seemingly paradoxical concept of ‘belonging in not-belonging’.
Novel soluble and heat-resistant polyamides derived from 4-(4-diphenylphosphino) phenyl-2,6-bis(4-aminophenyl)pyridine and various aromatic dicarboxylic acids
Authors: Zhang Zi-Yang , Pan Yang , Zhang Xiao-Lan , Zhou Yu-Ting , Liu Xiao-Ling
Published: March 2020

New diamine, 4-(4-diphenylphosphino)phenyl-2,6-bis(4-aminophenyl)pyridine, was prepared, and the related polyamides (PAs) bearing 2,6-diphenylpyridyl units and pendant diphenylphosphinophenyl groups were synthesized by direct polycondensation of this diamine and various aromatic diacids in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (NMP) using triphenyl phosphite and pyridine as condensing agents. The resulting PAs with inherent viscosities of 0.78–1.06 dL g−1 are readily soluble in polar aprotic solvents such as NMP, N, N-dimethylacetamide, and dimethylsulfoxide as well as less polar solvents such as m-cresol and pyridine. All the PAs are amorphous and could be solution-cast into transparent, flexible, and tough films, which have tensile strengths of 68.2–88.8 MPa, tensile moduli of 1.9–2.4 GPa, and elongations at break of 5.4–10.3%. These polymer films also exhibit high optical transparence with the UV cutoff wavelength in the 361–412 nm range. These PAs display glass transition temperatures of 316–332°C, 10% mass loss temperatures of 524–553°C, and more than 48% residues at 800°C in nitrogen, respectively. Their high char yields and good limited oxygen index values ranging from 39 to 44 indicate the prepared PAs show good thermal stability and flame-retardant property.
Kinematic analysis of the R subfamily of the HeIse wheels
Authors: Avalos Héctor A Moreno , Calderón Isela G Carrera , Lugo Mario Saucedo , García-Murillo Mario A
Published: March 2020

In this paper, the kinematic analysis of a series of variable geometry legged wheels is presented. These mechanisms can transform a circular wheel into a hybrid legged wheel in order to combine the efficiency and ability to traverse difficult terrain of each method of locomotion. The inverse and direct kinematic problems of position and velocity are stated and solved. Then, a singularity analysis of the mechanisms is performed. The geometrical conditions that make the Jacobian matrices of the wheels singular are determined and interpreted. Subsequently, an exploration of the workspace is presented to show kinematic features of the wheels inside their operation region.
Shape optimization of a split-and-recombine micromixer by the local energy dissipation rate
Authors: Ebnereza Eshaq , Hassani Kamran , Seraj Mahmoud , Moghaddam Katayoun Gohari
Published: March 2020

A passive split-and-recombine micromixer was developed based on the concept of lamellar structure and advection mixing type for a serpentine structure. The flow patterns and mixing performance were analyzed using numerical simulation in Reynolds number range of 10≤ Reynolds ≤170. Two design variables, defining the shape of the split-and-recombine branch, were optimized by the local energy dissipation rate as the objective function. The reduction of computation time and the absence of numerical diffusion were the advantages of using the energy dissipation rate as the objective function. At each Reynolds number, 64 sample data was generated on the design space uniformly. Then a model was used based on the Radial basis neural network for the prediction of the objective function. The optimum values of the design variables within the constraint range were found on the response surface. The optimization study was performed at five Reynolds numbers of 10, 50, 90, 130, 170 and the mixing index was improved 0.156, 0.298, 0.417, 0.506, and 0.57, respectively. The effect of design variables on the objective function and the concentration pattern was presented and analyzed. Finally, the mixing characteristic of the split-and-recombine micromixer was studied in a wide range of Reynolds number and the flow was categorized to stratify and show the vortex regime based on the Reynolds number. The optimized split-and-recombine micromixer could be integrated by any system depending on the desired velocity and Reynolds number.
Experiment on the straw particle flow in a centrifugal pump
Authors: Zhang Qihua , Zhang Weidong , Yan Zhaoxu , Kang Shun , Xie Zhiang
Published: March 2020

Centrifugal pump is extensively used in wastewater, pulp, and biomass industries for transporting of particle flows. The motion and distribution of flexible particles are critical for continuous and stable pumping. In this work, a test rig is set up for straw particle flow pumping. A stroboscopic flash is employed to capture the distribution of the straw particle. The pump performance is measured and compared to that of clear water. By increasing the particle concentration, the process from stable pumping to eventually clogging is observed. Firstly, in a wide operation range with 0.1% concentration, the particle is uniformly distributed in the flow passage and the pump is running in a hydrodynamic stable mode where the power increases gradually and is slightly over the pure water circumstance. However, the high efficiency region is shifted to lower flow rate and it becomes narrower as compared to the pure water case. Secondly, at 0.2% and 0.4% concentration, the performance resembles the 0.1% case. But with increasing concentration, the inception of small flocs is observed. In addition, small air bubble is formed near the rotating axis. This subtle change continues until clogging happens. By gradually increasing the concentration of particle, more and more particles are attached to the growing flocs. Finally, the pump runs into mechanical wear between particles and flow passage, and then it is fully clogged. In this condition, the power consumption increases rapidly and the variable frequency drive is used to bring down the shaft speed. The long-term running shows relatively light erosive wear on the surface of impeller and volute by the particles, but no damage is observed.
Normal acceleration response to canard control with wind for spin-stabilized projectiles
Authors: Wang Yu , Yu Jiyan , Wang Xiaoming
Published: March 2020

In this investigation, the normal acceleration response to the control inputs of spin-stabilized projectiles considering the atmospheric wind with the coupled effects of canard control, gravity, and aerodynamic forces, being an important reference for the guidance design of low-cost guided projectiles with less measurement information (only translational motion), is deduced and analyzed. Based on the approximate formulas predicting the angle of attack under canard control and considering the atmospheric wind obtained by a linear model of the pitch and yaw motion, estimated expressions for the normal acceleration response to canard control are deduced and analyzed. To analyze the cross-coupling between pitch and yaw and simplify the design of guidance and control, the acceleration response is divided into controllable and uncontrollable parts. The phase shift between the controllable acceleration response and the direction of the control input is defined to represent the coupling effect between the pitch and the yaw; this is found to be strongly dependent on the projectiles' state parameters rather than the control parameters. The results indicate that the acceleration and phase are dramatically altered under different control directions. This condition adversely affects guidance and control because uncontrollable directions arise when the deflection angle is smaller than the critical angle.
A proposed soft pneumatic actuator control based on angle estimation from data-driven model
Authors: Mohamed Mahmoud H , Wagdy Soha H , Atalla Mostafa A , Rehan Youssef Aliaa , Maged Shady A
Published: March 2020

This article proposes a bending angle controller for soft pneumatic actuators, which could be implemented in soft robotic rehabilitation gloves to assist patients with hand impairment, such as stroke survivors. A data-driven model is used to estimate the angle as pneumatic pressure is applied to the actuator. Furthermore, a finite element model was used to manually optimize the dimensions of the actuator. An embedded flex sensor, which together with a custom testing rig, was used to gather input data for the data-driven model. This rig contains a pneumatic pressure control circuit as well as a camera for image acquisition. Collected data were fed into a linear regression model to predict the data-driven model. Experiments were carried out to validate model’s accuracy as well as modified proportional–integral–derivative controller angle controller performance. The latter controller is designed to mitigate the non-linear response of solenoid valves at different pressures of the actuator. The data-driven model along with the used controller allows more accurate estimation and quicker response.
In vivo evaluation of machining forces, torque, and bone quality during skull bone grinding
Authors: Babbar Atul , Jain Vivek , Gupta Dheeraj
Published: March 2020

This study investigates neurosurgical bone grinding with varying parameters on skull bone using a miniature grinding burr. Three process parameters, namely, rotational speed, feed rate, and depth of cut, have been investigated at three different levels in the terms of tangential force, thrust force, and torque generated during grinding. The results revealed that as the rotational speed is increased, the cutting forces and torque showed a decreasing trend. Nevertheless, the increase in feed rate and depth of cut leads to the escalation in response characteristics. The best parametric combination for minimum cutting forces and torque is as follows: rotational speed = 55,000 r/min, feed rate = 20 mm/min, and depth of cut = 0.50 mm. Morphological analysis reveals cracks in the bone’s surface at a higher feed rate. Furthermore, delamination and cutting streaks are also visible on the surface of the bone after grinding. Energy-dispersive spectroscopy and elemental mapping of the tool after bone grinding indicate the accumulation of the bone chips in the successive diamond abrasives. The outcomes of the study will be beneficial for the neurosurgeons in understanding the effect of various process parameters on cutting force, toque, microcracks, and bone’s regeneration ability during surgical bone grinding.