bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gestational vinclozolin exposure suppresses fetal Leydig cell development in rats
Authors: Wu Keyang , Li Yang , Pan Peipei , Li Zengqiang , Yu Yige , Ma Feifei , Tian Lili , Fang Yinghui , Wang Yiyan , Ge Ren-Shan
Published: February 2020

Background: Vinclozolin is not only a common dicarboximide fungicide used to protect crops against diseases but also an endocrine disruptor. This study aimed to investigate the effects of gestational vinclozolin exposure on the development of rat fetal Leydig cells.Methods: Female pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to vinclozolin (0, 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg body weight/day) by oral gavage from gestational day 14 to 21.Results: Vinclozolin dose-dependently depressed serum testosterone levels at doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg and anogenital distance at 100 mg/kg. RNA-seq, qPCR, and Western blot showed that vinclozolin down-regulated the expression of Nr5a1 , Sox9 , Lhcgr , Cyp11a1 , Hsd3b1 , Hsd17b3 , Amh , Pdgfa , and Dhh and their encoded proteins. Vinclozolin depressed NR2F2-positive stem Leydig cell number at a dose of 100 mg/kg and also enhanced autophagy in the testis.Conclusion: Vinclozolin disrupts fetal Leydig cell development via several pathways.
The journey of special population to vaccination centers in Brazil: knowledge and perceptions
Authors: Petraglia Tânia Cristina de Mattos Barros , Spinardi Julia Regazzini , Almeida Rodrigo Sini de
Published: February 2020

Background: Vaccination is one of the most effective public health strategies to control and prevent diseases. The Brazilian National Immunization Program is an international reference of public healthcare policy. Since 1993 Reference Centers for Special Immunobiologicals (CRIE) were implemented in order to facilitate the access to immunobiologicals, especially for those with congenital or acquired immunodeficiencies and other special morbidity conditions, or subjects exposed to risk situations. To assess knowledge and perceptions concerning the relevance of special patients’ vaccination and the immunization centers (CRIE) structure from patients, physicians and CRIE professional perspectives.Methods: An opinion survey was carried out in 2018 from June to July, including patients, physicians and CRIE professionals. A structured questionnaire was applied in a single interview to each interest group through phone calls. All instruments contained questions on general information, individuals’ profile, and knowledge and perceptions concerning CRIE. Results were obtained from the compilation of each groups’ answers. Data analysis was carried out in a descriptive approach, through measures of central tendency and dispersion for continuous variables, and measures of frequency for categorical variables.Results: The sample was composed by 280 individuals: 135 physicians; 135 patients; and 10 CRIE professionals. Regarding physician’s perspective, most of them reported to know CRIE (79%) and to refer patients (64%), and agreeing that a good quality service with well-trained professionals is offered (91%). Patients reported to receive the recommendation for vaccination by attending physician (91%), and to have never experienced the unavailability of a vaccine (91%) at CRIE. Analysis from CRIE professional’s perspective showed that patients are most frequently referred to CRIE by infectologists (33%) and that vaccination campaigns have a huge influence on demand. However, they also reported that there is no disclosure about CRIE service for population and physicians.Conclusions: Physicians classify vaccination as extremely important and all patients reported to follow recommendation. About immunization centers, a great perception about the service provided by CRIE was reported, but there is still place for uptake the patient journey.
Feasibility investigation of uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic anatomical lung resection for pulmonary sequestration
Authors: Sun Yungang , Shao Feng , Zhang Qiang , Wang Zhao
Published: February 2020

Background: Uniportal video-assisted thoracic surgery (UVATS) technique has been increasingly used for many thoracic diseases. Whether UVATS has equivalent or better perioperative outcomes for pulmonary sequestration (PS) patients remains controversial. Our study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of UVATS in anatomical lung resection for pulmonary sequestration. Methods: A total of 24 patients with PS including fifteen males and nine females with the mean age of 40 (rang, 18-65) years old, who had received completely UVATS anatomical lung resection for PS in Nanjing Chest Hospital between January 2016 and December 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. Related clinical data were retrieved from hospital records and analyzed. Results: All 24 patients had been treated with the UAVTS approach successfully without aberrant artery ruptured or massive hemorrhage, and no patients died during the perioperative period. Overall median surgery time was 102 mins (range, 55-150mins), the mean blood loss was 94 ml (range, 10-300ml), the mean days of chest tube maintained were 4 days (range,1-10days), and the mean postoperative hospitalization days was 6 days (range,2-11days). All patients were cured, without cough, fever, hemoptysis, and so on, associated with PS, occurring during the average follow-up of 17 months (range, 3-35months). Conclusions: Our preliminary results revealed that anatomical lung resection by UVATS is a safe and feasible mini-invasive technique for PS patients, which might be associated with less postoperative pain, reduced paresthesia, better cosmetic results, and faster recovery.
Plasma miR-181a as a Candidate Diagnostic Biomarker for Kawasaki Disease Patients with Coronary Artery lesions
Authors: Peng Yu , Liu Xiaohui , Duan Junkai , Duan Zhao , Zou Zheng , Liu Zhiqiang , Zhou Yulan
Published: February 2020

Background: Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute and systemic vasculitis, and the critical complication in KD patients is coronary artery lesions (CAL). Plasma miR-181a was found dysregulated in a variety of cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to define the relationship between the plasma miR-181a levels and CAL in KD. Methods: Plasma miR-181a levels were analyzed by quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction in 121 patients with KD. Results:We found that plasma miR-181a levels at the acute phase were significantly elevated in KD patients with CAL than those without CAL. Correlation analysis showed that plasma miR-181a levels were positively correlated with the concentrations of CRP (r=0.363, P < 0.05) and NT-proBNP (r=0.389, P < 0.05). Receiver operating characteristic curve analyses showed that plasma miR-181a was of significant prediction value for CAL in KD, the area under receiver operating characteristic curve value for plasma miR-181a in prediction of CAL was 0.747, and the estimated sensitivity and specificity were 75.0% and 68.8%, respectively. Conclusions: Plasma miR-181a is prone to be a candidate biomarker for predicting CAL in KD. Therefore, further investigations are warranted to fully elucidate its role in KD.
Reduced polyfunctional T cells and increased cellular activation markers in adult allergy patients reporting adverse reactions to food
Authors: Sonnet Friederike , Namork Ellen , Stylianou Eva , Gaare-Olstad Ingvild , Huse Kanutte , Andorf Sandra , Mjaaland Siri , Dirven Hubert , Nygaard Unni
Published: February 2020

Background: The underlying cellular mechanisms causing adverse reactions to food are complex and still not fully understood. Therefore, in this study we aimed to identify functional and/or phenotypical immune cell signatures characteristic for adult patients reporting adverse reactions to food.
By mass cytometry, we performed high-dimensional profiling of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from adult patients reporting adverse reactions to food and healthy controls. The patients were grouped according to sIgE-positive or sIgE-negative serology to common food and inhalant allergens. Two broad antibody panels were used, allowing determination of major immune cell populations in PBMC, as well as activation status, proliferation status, and cytokine expression patterns after PMA/ionomycin-stimulation on a single cell level.
Results: By use of data-driven algorithms, several cell populations were identified showing significantly different marker expression between the groups.
Most striking was an impaired frequency and function of polyfunctional CD4 + and CD8 + T cells in patients reporting adverse reactions to food compared to the controls. Further, subpopulations of monocytes, T cells, and B cells had increased expression of functional markers such as CD371, CD69, CD25, CD28, and/or HLA-DR as well as decreased expression of CD23 in the patients. Most of the differing cell subpopulations were similarly altered in the two subgroups of patients.
Conclusion: Our results suggest common immune cell features for both patient subgroups reporting adverse reactions to food, and provide a basis for further studies on mechanistic and diagnostic biomarker studies in food allergy.
A randommized, prospective, controlled trial of Glidscope®, C-MAC®(D) videolaryngoscope and Macintosh laryngoscope for double lumen endotracheal intubation in patients with predicted normal airways
Authors: Huang Ping , Zhou Renlong , Lu Zhixing , Hang Yannan , Wang Shanjuan , Huang zhenling
Published: February 2020

Background Double lumen endotracheal tube (DLT) is the most widely used method for lung isolation in current thoracic anesthesia practice. In recent years, the routine application of videolaryngoscope for tracheal intubation has gradually increased, but there are still few related reports. We doubted whether we could get benefits from applying the videolaryngoscope for double-lumen tracheal tube placement in patients with predicted normal airways. Therefore, this study was designed to compare the clinical performance of GlideScope ® , C-MAC ® (D) videolaryngoscope and Macintosh laryngoscope in DLT intubation. Methods 90 adult patients with no predictors for difficult airways were allocated randomly into three groups. All the patients were anesthsized by a routine anesthesia process with different laryngoscopes according to the result of allocation. We accessed DLT insertion time, first-pass success rate, numerical rating scale (NRS) of DLT delivery, NRS of DLT insertion and Cormack-Lehane degree(C/L degree). The hemodynamic change and the incidence of intubation complications were also recorded. Results Compared with GlideScope, Macintosh resulted in shorter time for DLT insertion (median:96(IQR:51[min-max:62–376]s v 73(26[48-419]s, p=0.003), but there was no difference between Macintosh and C-MAC(D) (p=0.610). As for the success at the first attempt, Macintosh was significantly associated with higher successful rate compared with GlideScope and C-MAC(D) (p=0.001, p=0.028, respectively). NRS of DLT delivery and NRS of DLT insertion were significantly lower in Macintosh group than others (p<0.001, respectively). However, C/L degree (I/II A /II B /III) in Macintosh group was statistically higher than others (p<0.001, respectively). The incidence of oral bleeding, hoarseness, sore throat and dental trauma were low in all groups (p>0.05, respectively). There were no statistical difference about DLT misplacement, fibreoptic time and hemodynamic changes among three groups. Conclusions GlideScope ® and C-MAC ® (D) videolaryngoscopes may not be recommended as the first choice for routine DLT intubation in patients with predicted normal airways.
Patient-specific instrument assisted calcaneal fracture minimally invasive internal fixation is accurate and practical: a retrospective study
Authors: Wang Chenggong , Xu Can , Li Mingqing , Li Hui , Xiao Han , Zhong Da , Liu Hua
Published: February 2020

Background: Almost all of the traditional calcaneal fracture minimally invasive internal fixation (MIIF) require a lot of intraoperative fluoroscopy, moreover, the fracture recovery of many patients are not considered ideal. Therefore, we designed a new surgical procedure through the digital surgical simulation and made patient-specific instrument (PSI) for calcaneal fracture patients before surgery, and then we manage the operation through the assistance of PSI during the whole process. The purpose of this study is to verify whether the PSI assisted calcaneal fracture minimally invasive internal fixation is accurate and practical. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the Sanders type III or IV fresh calcaneal fracture patients who had been performed MIIF assisted by the PSI in our hospital during January 2016 to December 2018. We collected and analyzed perioperative data including intraoperative fluoroscopy times, whether the internal fixation actual usage (IFAU) same as preoperative plan, surgical time and situation of complication; and collected and analyzed the data of preoperative actual measurement, preoperative-plan and postoperative actual measurement from X-rays and CT, including Böhler angle, Gissane angle, subtalar joint width, calcaneus valgus angle and calcaneal volume overlapping ratio. All patients had been followed up and their AOFAS score had been recorded. Then we performed statistical analyses. Results: The intraoperative fluoroscopy times was 3.95±1.78, the condition of IFAU in 16 patients was the same as preoperative plan, the surgery time was 28.16±10.70 min, no patients developed complications. The preoperative plan Böhler angle, Gissane angle, subtalar joint width and calcaneus valgus angle were not significant different from the postoperative; the preoperative Böhler angle, Gissane angle, subtalar joint width and calcaneus valgus angle were all significant different from the postoperative. The calcaneal volume overlapping ratio with preoperative design was 91.2±2.3%. The AOFAS score of all patients gradually increased as time goes on, and difference of the AOFAS scores between all time-points were significant. Conclusions: The new PSI can indeed carry out the preoperative plan accurately and quickly, and the PSI assisted calcaneal fracture minimally invasive internal fixation is accurate and practical. Keywords: Digital surgical simulation; Patient-specific instrument; Calcaneal fracture; Minimally invasive internal fixation; Whole process-assisted surgical technique
A score of non-contrast transthoracic echocardiography to detect patent foramen ovale
Authors: Zhang Hui , Tang Haiyan , Wu Fei , Yu Chun , Dong Qiang , Cao Wenjie
Published: February 2020

Background: The aim of this study was to develop a screening score of non-contrast transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) for patent foramen ovale (PFO) in patients with embolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS). Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of 218 consecutive patients with a recent ESUS from 2015 to 2018, who received TTE and transcranial Doppler (TCD) as routine examinations. PFO was diagnosed by the bubble test of TCD. Significant differences of the TTE findings between PFO group and non-PFO group were selected into a score. Results: PFO was diagnosed in 35.8% (78/218) of the patients. Compared with non-PFO group, a larger median aortic root diameter (ARd) (34mm vs. 32mm, p=0.005), a lower median peak E wave velocity (Em) (61.5cm/s vs. 68cm/s, p=0.005) and a lower incidence rate of mitral regurgitation (33.8% vs. 50.7%, p=0.016) were seen in PFO group. A three-point score of TTE criteria (including aortic root diameter>33mm, Em<72cm/s and without mitral regurgitation, AEM) was tested to be independently predict PFO (odd risk 1.95, 95%CI 1.37~2.78, p<0.001). AEM score ≥2 detected PFO with a sensitivity of 0.71 (95% CI 0.67～0.85) and a specificity of 0.53 (95% CI 0.44 - 0.55). Conclusion: The AEM score measured with non-contrast TTE can select ESUS patients for bubble test of TCD to detect PFO.
Marine based Wireless Sensor Networks: Challenges and Requirements
Authors: Elgenaidi Walid , Newe Thomas
Published: February 2020

Marine environmental monitoring based on wireless sensor networks (WSN) is a challenging area of research due to the instability of the water field. Due to the characteristics of the water environment, there are certain considerations which must be taken into account before the establishment of marine based wireless sensor networks. These include the deployment of wireless nodes (WNs), energy consumption, network connectivity and security. This paper compares and contrasts the basic parameters relating to WSNs, while highlighting the main components necessary to form an ideal marine based WSN system, and some difficulties of implementing security in Marine WSNs such as the management of the cryptographic keys.
An Experimental Assessment of PZT Patches for Impedance-Based SHM Applications
Authors: Almeida Vinicius Augusto Dare de , Baptista Fabricio Guimarães
Published: February 2020

In this paper, we present an alternative method for assessing the sensitivity of lead zirconate titanate (PZT) piezoceramics for damage detection in structural health monitoring (SHM) systems based on the electromechanical impedance (EMI) principle. An assessment of the sensitivity is obtained experimentally using the pencil lead break (PLB) method, which is frequently used in acoustic emission (AE) systems. Tests were carried out on an aluminum beam, and the results show a clear relationship between the damage indices obtained from the electrical impedance signatures of the PZT patch bonded to the monitored structure and the power spectral density (PSD) obtained using the PLB method.
Development of thermostable FBG optical sensor for oil and gas applications
Authors: Snelders Dennis J. M. , Boersma Arjen
Published: February 2020

Important progress has been made towards the expanding of the limits of applicability of Fiber Bragg Grating optical sensors. The development of new thermostable coatings has opened up the possibility towards the use of this technology under extreme conditions, i.e. at high temperatures and pressures. The developed sensors have been tested for adsorption of a range of gaseous analytes and exhibit a sensitivity towards linear alkanes. Preliminary tests at high temperature in liquid phase indicate a high thermal stability.
Designing a Wireless Sensors Network for Monitoring and Predicting Droughts
Authors: Gaddam A , Al-Hrooby M , Esmael W F
Published: February 2020

Global warming and lack of rain were the main problems that caused increased drought around the world. In New Zealand, according to National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA) the drought in 2012 and 2013 was the worst drought in the last 70 years. Therefore, there is a need for technological intervention to monitor basic information about the weather and soil condition in order to identify and predict drought conditions. Initial experiments have shown that the proposed wireless sensor drought monitoring system is capable of remote real-time monitoring for extended periods. This monitoring can also help identify drought in the early stages and thereby indicate promptly when to take corrective measures. Intelligent sensors in a wireless network monitor the soil condition. These sensors collect various environmental; parameters and then send the pre-processed data wirelessly to a base station. From the base station this data uploads every two seconds to the cloud (internet) for further analysis. If a drought condition is identified by the monitoring system then an alert message is sent to the user via text message or email.
San Antonio de Lisboa y “el Santo”: entre la veneración y la (¿simple?) ficción
Authors: Echeverri Alberto
Published: February 2020

La veneración cristiana de los santos, en especial la católica romana y la ortodoxa, plantean dificultades a la crítica de la religión cuando trata de percibir la autenticidad de la fe del creyente devoto. Ha sucedido y continúa sucediendo, respecto de san Antonio de Padua, un caso relevante en este aspecto. El presente ensayo muestra el itinerario de su vida y de algunas facetas de lo acontecido en varias latitudes tras la proclamación de su santidad, de tal manera que se procuró revisar cuánto hay de construido a lo largo de la historia y quizá de legendario en “el Santo” de los nueve siglos sucesivos a su muerte. Y proponiendo al final, con el mismo método hermenéutico que interpreta los diversos hechos, los presupuestos para una comprensión nueva de la ficción que en torno a él ha ido entretejiéndose.
O princípio da alteridade de Lévinas como fundamento para a responsabilidade ética
Authors: Zanon Andrei
Published: February 2020

O projeto filosófico de Emmanuel Lévinas é considerado um dos mais relevantes na contemporaneidade discorrendo sobre a perspectiva da ética da alteridade. Notamos que a proposta levinasi|1ana é uma tentativa de sair do ser, olhando e dando importância ao outro, superando assim uma filosofia do poder, da totalidade. A alteridade apresentada por esse autor é sempre relação ética do outro comigo, aonde o “eu” é responsável pelo cuidado do outro, ultrapassando a barreira do egoísmo, isso o chamamos de uma ação ética responsável pelo cuidado de outro, não podendo gerar violência alguma. O outro é sempre epifania. Assim sendo, a ética é uma forma interpelativa para o outro que nos chama a responsabilidade, ao cuidado. Nesse caminho, nós daremos conta que a ética levinasiana é de um agir responsável pelo rosto do outro que se apresenta a mim, e eu devo protegê-lo contra todo tipo de exclusão e violência. Alteridade e ética saram possíveis somente em relação com o outro. Por isso, pretendemos ressaltar nesse estudo a importância de superar uma filosofia ocidental centrada apenas no ser, mostrando que somos responsáveis pelo rosto do outro que se apresenta a nós, muitas vezes violentado.
La filosofía como una mística de acogida. Una lectura de la filosofía y la mística en Plotino y Pierre Hadot
Authors: Yepes Muñoz Wilfer Alexis
Published: February 2020

Esta reflexión pretende ahondar en el sentido de la expresión filosofía como modo de vida de Pierre Hadot y en las Enéadas III y V de Plotino, que justamente vinculan el Uno, la hipóstasis primera, con la necesidad de embarcamiento y de conversión del alma humana en tanto telos de la filosofía. Lo que explora, en otras palabras, es la unidad indisoluble entre la filosofía como discurso y como experiencia de transformación mediante la fórmula mística de acogida, esto es, una reinterpretación de la filosofía plotiniana que integra nuestra sed de conocimiento con la necesidad de hacernos-otros.
Editorial
Authors: Vallejo Montoya Elías Alexander
Published: February 2020

El mercadeo es una herramienta clave en la gestión organizacional; como lo manifiesta en sus clases el profesor Adolfo Higuera: “todas las organizaciones empresariales independientemente de su tamaño o de su objeto social deben desarrollar diez subsistemas empresariales y una figura jurídica” (comunicación personal, 2004); en este sentido todos ellos son indispensables y cumplen una función esencial al interior de estas, por lo que no existe un protagonismo.En este caso, el mercadeo se convierte en una herramienta de vital importancia en la gestión administrativa para el desarrollo y supervivencia de las organizaciones empresariales, así como los demás subsistemas empresariales; en él, cada uno de ellos recobra su importancia en función de la gestión.Sumado a lo anterior, Fisher de la Vega y Espejo Callado (2017) manifiestan que:El punto de partida de la disciplina del mercadeo es determinar las necesidades y los deseos humanos. Los seres humanos precisamos agua, aire, vestido, vivienda para sobrevivir, es decir, tenemos necesidades primarias, pero además requerimos recreación, seguridad, transporte, educación, (necesidades secundarias) y además demandamos otro tipo de necesidades como la autorrealización, el estatus, prestigio, etcétera. (p. 5).
Relaciones entre proyecto de vida y organizaciones: una mirada metafórica desde la planeación, la formación y la contabilidad
Authors: Zapata Mejía Ana María , Agudelo Restrepo Juan Carlos , Flórez Correa Julián Esteban , Castaño Ríos Carlos Eduardo
Published: February 2020

Es importante que las empresas realicen una debida planeación y formación con el propósito de tener resultados financieros favorables. Así, se planteó como objetivo analizar las relaciones entre la planeación, la formación de las empresas y el proceso contable en los resultados financieros, utilizando el proyecto de vida del ser humano como metáfora para las organizaciones. Se realizaron entrevistas a siete empresarios de organizaciones del municipio de Andes (Antioquia) ubicadas en cuatro grupos denominados emprendimiento, crecimiento, sostenibilidad y consolidación.Finalmente se concluyó que sí existe la metáfora propuesta de organización en relación con el proyecto de vida del ser humano, partiendo de relacionar los procesos de planeación y formación para la obtención de resultados financieros positivos.
How can entrepreneurial marketing promote the entrepreneurship culture in an organization: case of banking sector in Jordan
Authors: (Moh’d Adnan) Homsi Diana , N. Hashem Tareq , Mohammed Freihat Sultan
Published: February 2020

The current study focuses on the entrepreneurial marketing. The study aims to examine how entrepreneurial marketing can act in defining and nurturing the entrepreneurship culture within the banking sector in Jordan in the period of 2018–2019. The chosen dimensions of entrepreneurial marketing include customer focus, opportunity driven, innovation, risk management, and proactiveness. Utilizing the quantitative approach, 368 questionnaires were distributed among marketing managers within the commercial banks in Jordan, including marketing managers, marketing officers, and e-marketing representatives. Descriptive statistics, multiple regression, and linear regression were used in order to analyze the results by using SPSS ver. 23. The study analysis indicates a positive influence of entrepreneurial marketing on organizational culture through nurturing the entrepreneurial spirit and motives. The study has also shown that proactiveness and risk management were the most influential variables as they scored R-value of 0.697 and 0.692, respectively, referring to these variables as highly influential, and play a significant role in nurturing the entrepreneurial culture within the organization.
Doğu Anadolu Bölgesinde Yetiştirilen Bazı Elma Genotiplerinin Antioksidan Özellikleri
Authors: ÖZEL Nurcan , ŞAT İhsan Güngör , VURGUN Hüseyin
Published: February 2020

Türkiye, orijin merkezi olarak adlandırılan gen merkezlerinden küçük Asya ve Akdeniz gen merkezlerinin sınırları içerisinde yer almaktadır. Gen merkezleri arasında kabul edilen Doğu Anadolu Bölgesinin yumuşak ve sert çekirdekli meyve türlerinin primer gen merkezi olduğu bilinmektedir. Kaynakların aşırı kullanımı, kirlilik, iklimsel değişiklikler, gelişme baskısı gibi çevresel tahripler ve genetik erozyon gibi nedenlerle zengin kaynaklarımız hızla kaybolmaktadır. Biyolojik çeşitliliğin korunmasında ekosistemlerin bir bütün olarak korunması temel yaklaşımdır. Ancak, bu kaynakların yalnızca korunması değil aynı zamanda değerlendirilmesi, sürdürülebilir kullanımı, kayıt altına alınması ve toplumun da bu kaynakları bilinçli olarak koruması önemlidir. Bu genotipler üzerinde detaylı araştırmaların yapılması ve çeşit tescili yönündeki çalışmaların yapılması önem arz etmektedir. Bu çalışmada Doğu Anadolu Bölgesinin sahip olduğu elma genetik kaynaklarının antioksidan kapasitesinin incelenmesi hedeflenmiştir. Yapılan analizlerde 57 genotip arasında toplam flavonoid miktarı 113.56-1 136.06 mg-1kg, FRAP (The Ferric Reducing Ability Of Plasma= Fe3+ İndirgeme Gücü) 136.04-802.44 μmol-1g ve DPPH (2,2-Difenil-1-pikrihidrazil) % inhibisyon 10.59-91.01 arasında bulunmuştur. Çalışma sonucunda elma genotipleri arasında farklılıklar olmakla birlikte tiplerin çoğunlukla yüksek antioksidan kapasiteye sahip oldukları ortaya koyulmuştur.
Tek Kapta Yeni Bir Yöntemle Alkollerden Potansiyel Biyolojik Aktif Azidosülfonil Bileşiklerinin Sentezi
Authors: ATMACA Ufuk
Published: February 2020

Bu çalışmada, çeşitli alkoller ile klorosülfonil izosiyanat (CSI) ve sodyum azid varlığında tek kapta yeni bir yöntemle azidosülfonil bileşiklerinin sentezi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Reaksiyon verimin artırılması için kullanılan asit, baz ve çözücü parametreleri incelenmiş ve optimize reaksiyon şartlarında yüksek verimlerle azidosülfonil bileşiklerinin sentezi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Sentezleri gerçekleştirilen bileşiklerin yapı karakterizasyonları 1H NMR, 13C NMR, IR ve Elementel analiz sonuçları ile yapılmıştır.
Modeling and Optimizing of Microwave-Assisted Extraction of Antioxidants and Phenolics from Wormwood (Artemisia absinthium L.) Using Response Surface Methodology
Authors: BENER Mustafa
Published: February 2020

In this study, modelling and optimizing microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) of antioxidants and phenolics from wormwood (Artemisia absinthium L.) was performed by using response surface methodology with face-centered composite design as factors of temperature, extraction time, solvent concentration, and solid-to-solvent ratio. The MAE process factors were optimized so that cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) and total phenolic content (TPC) of the wormwood extract are maximized. All of the models calculated for the two responses (CUPRAC and TPC) were found significant (p<0.0001) to show the relationship between the response and independent parameters. Extraction temperature was found as the most significant operational factor in MAE. Extraction time was found is the most insignificant parameter in MAE. The data obtained by the experimental model and the predicted by the model were found to be strongly accordance. It shows the suitability of the model and its success in optimization. The CUPRAC and TPC yields were obtained as 1.22 and 1.42 mmol TR/g-dried sample under the optimum operational conditions of MAE. According to the CUPRAC and TPC values, under the same operational conditions, MAE method was found to be approximately two times more efficient than classical heat extraction. As a result, the modeled methodology can be applied to the extraction of antioxidant and phenolics from the wormwood in the natural product industry.
Zamanla Değişen Alttaş Sıcaklığının Ultrasonik Sprey Piroliz Yöntemiyle Üretilen CdS İnce Filmlerin Yapısal Özellikleri Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: KALELİ Murat , YAVRU Celal Alp
Published: February 2020

Yapılan çalışmada, kadmiyum sülfür (CdS) n-tipi yarı iletken malzemesi ultrasonik sprey piroliz (USP) sistemi ile cam alttaşlar üzerine üretilmiştir. Filmlerin kaplama işlemi sırasında alttaş sıcaklığı 100 – 350 °C arasında kademeli olarak arttırılarak üretim gerçekleştirilmiştir. Üretim sonrasında, CdS ince filmlerden bir grup numune atmosferde 380 °C sıcaklıkta tavlanmıştır. Üretilen ve tavlanan CdS ince filmlerin; kristal yapılar geliş açısına bağlı olarak Grazing Incidence X-Ray Diffraction X ışını kırınımı (GIXRD) yöntemi, yüzey yapıları ve morfolojileri taramalı elektron mikroskobu (SEM) ve atomik kuvvet mikroskobu (AFM) sistemleri, yapıda bulunan elementlerin oranları enerji dağılımlı spektrometre (EDS) sistemi ve optik özellikleri ultra-viyole görünür bölge spektrometresi (Uv-Vis) ölçümleri ile belirlenmiştir. Bu ölçüm sonuçlarına göre; CdS ince filmlerin zamanla değişen alttaş sıcaklığında üretilebileceği, film yüzeylerinin oldukça homojen şekilde oluştuğu, her bir ölçüm yöntemi ile elde edilen sonuçların birbirini desteklediği ve bu sonuçların literatürle de uyumlu oldukları görülmüştür. Yarıiletken aygıtlarda tampon katmanı olarak kullanılan CdS üretilirken piroliz işlemi sırasında uygulanan yüksek sıcaklıktan kaynaklanan diğer katmanların oksitlenmesini önleyecek bir üretim stratejisi olduğu da görülmüştür.
Taş Ocağı Kaynaklı Hava Kirliliği ve Emisyon Konulu Çevre İzin Süreci
Authors: BİNGÜL Züleyha
Published: February 2020

Hızlı nüfus artışı ve toplumsal ihtiyaçların değişmesi doğal kaynaklara olan talebi artırarak çeşitli çevre sorunlarını da beraberinde getirmiştir. Taş ocakları doğal kaynaklardan biri olup, yapı malzemesi olarak kullanılan kum, çakıl, granit, andezit, bazalt, kalker ve mermer gibi taş ve benzeri minerallerin açık işletme yöntemiyle çıkarıldığı madenlerdir. Taş ocaklarının gerekli önlemler alınmadan işletilmesi doğanın temel unsurları olan toprak, hava ve su üzerinde olumsuz etkilere neden olmaktadır. Bu olumsuz etkilerin en önemlisi de toz emisyonlarıdır. Kontrol altına alınmadıkları takdirde kabul edilebilir sınır değerlerin üzerine çıkarak hava kirliliğine neden olmaktadırlar. Ülkemizde çevreye kirletici etkisi olan faaliyet ve tesislerin çevrenin korunmasına yönelik tedbirler alarak faaliyetlerini devam etmeleri için bir takım yasal düzenlemeler getirilmiştir. Çevre İzin ve Lisans Yönetmeliği’de bu yasal düzenlemelerden birisidir. Çevre İzin Lisans Yönetmeliği’ne göre Maden Kanununun I. grup (a ve b), II. grup (kireçtaşı dahil), IV. grup, V. grup’larında yer alan madenlerin çıkartıldığı ve üretim kapasitesi 200 ton gün-1 ve üzeri olan ocaklar ile patlayıcı kullanılan madenler çevre iznine tabidir. Bu kapsamda olan taş ocakları, işletme aşamasında oluşan toz emisyonları için toz önleyici tedbirleri alarak Sanayi Kaynaklı Hava Kirliliğinin Kontrolü Yönetmeliği’nde belirtilen sınır değerleri sağlamak ve emisyon konulu çevre izni almakla yükümlüdür. Bu çalışmada; kapasitesi 192 ton saat-1 olan ve günde 8 saat çalışan bir bazalt ocağının atmosfere olan kirletici etkisini kontrol altında tutmak için emisyon konulu çevre izin süreci değerlendirilmiş ve tesiste alınan toz önleyici tedbirlerin yeterli olup olmadığı belirlenmiştir.
Sulu Çözeltiden Remazol Brilliant Blue R Gideriminde Kaolin Destekli Nano Boyutlu Sıfır Değerlikli Demir Kullanımı
Authors: TUNÇ Müslün Sara
Published: February 2020

Bu çalışmada, kaolin destekli nano boyutlu sıfır değerlikli demir (K-nZVI) partikülleri kaolin varlığında borhidrür indirgeme metodu ile sentezlenmiş ve sulu çözeltiden Remazol Brilliant Blue R (RBBR) gideriminde kullanılmıştır. RBBR gideriminde çözelti başlangıç pH’ı, K-nZVI dozajı, temas süresi ve başlangıç boyar madde konsantrasyonunun etkisi değerlendirilmiştir. Giderim veriminin pH’a bağlı olduğu tespit edilmiş ve RBBR’nin maksimum giderim verimi pH 3’te gerçekleşmiştir. 0.3-1.0 g L-1 dozaj aralığında K-nZVI dozajının artışı ile RBBR giderim verimi artmıştır. 60 dakikalık temas süresinde dengeye ulaşılmıştır. Başlangıç boyar madde konsantrasyonun artışı ile giderim verimi azalmıştır. Çalışmada, deneysel verilerin Langmuir ve Freundlich izoterm modellere uygunluğu da araştırılmış ve bu modellere ait parametreler hesaplanmıştır. K-nZVI ile RBBR adsorpsiyonun hem Langmuir hem de Freundlich izoterme uygun olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Maksimum adsorpsiyon kapasitesi 200 mg g-1 olarak belirlenmiştir.
Elektrodepozisyon Yöntemiyle Bakır Katkılı Tungsten Oksit (Cu:WO3) İnce Filmlerinin Üretilmesi Ve Karakterizasyonu
Authors: FIRAT Yunus Emre
Published: February 2020

Nanoyapılı Cu:WO3 ince filmleri, elektrodepozisyon tekniğiyle indiyum kalay oksit (ITO) kaplı cam alttaş üzerine oda sıcaklığında büyütülmüştür. Filmlerin üretimi için kronoamperometri modu, -0.6 V potansiyelinde 1200 saniye uygulanmıştır. Kaplama elektroliti; sodyum tungstat dihidrat (Na2WO4⸱2H2O), hidrojen peroksit (H2O2), sülfürik asit (H2SO4) ve bakır klorür (CuCl2)’den oluşmaktadır. H2SO4 ile çözeltinin pH değeri 2 olarak ayarlanmıştır. Yüzey morfolojisinin incelenmesi için taramalı elektron mikroskobu (SEM) kullanılmıştır ve film yüzeylerinin boşluksu yapıya sahip olduğu görülmüştür. Kristal yapı analizi yapılması amacıyla X-ışınları kırınımı (XRD) cihazı kullanıldı ve Cu:WO3 fazına ait karakteristik pikler ortaya çıkmıştır. Elektrokimyasal Empedans Spektroskopisi (EIS) analiziyle, Cu:WO3 ince filmlerinin alternatif akım frekansına verdiği tepki ölçülmüştür ve filmin arayüzey direnci (RCT) 838.7 ohm olarak elde edilmiştir.
Design and Implementation of Autonomous Surface Vehicle for Inland Water
Authors: BAYRAM Haluk
Published: February 2020

This paper considers the design and implementation of a low-cost and modular autonomous surface robot for inland water. The design process consists of three stages: Mechanical and electro-mechanical design, electrical and electronic design and software design. The mechanical design is based on a two-hull construction because of its low risk of capsizing in rough water. Off-the-shelf hulls and electric trolling motor are preferred to reduce the cost. The robot is steered by a rudder controlled by a servo motor. A Robot Operating System based software running on an on-board computer is developed to achieve autonomy. The robot’s status is monitored using the ground station software. The developed system was tested through a series of field experiments. The system is also compared with the existing designs. The robot’s available deck space and modular software architecture enable users to easily integrate various sensors and mechanical parts for a wide range of applications such as environmental monitoring, surveillance and patrolling.
Analysis of precipitation variability over Satluj Basin, Himachal Pradesh, India: 1901–2013
Authors: Tirkey Nity , Parhi P. K. , Lohani A. K. , Chandniha S. K.
Published: February 2020

Himachal Pradesh is a mountainous state in the Indian Himalayas, which spreads over an area of 55,000 km2. The state has a unique geography, which influences the climatic variability of the state. In the present study, Satluj Basin has been considered as a study area. This basin experiences frequent floods, erratic distribution of rainfall and climatic variabilities, which causes extensive damage over the basin. Precipitation is one of the most crucial meteorological variables which determines the impact of climate change in the Himalayan landmass. For spatial and temporal variation of precipitation, long-term precipitation data of 113 years (1901–2013) was utilized. Further, non-parametric, i.e. Mann–Kendall (MK) and modified Mann–Kendall (MMK) tests, were performed to check possible trends and Sen's slope estimator (SSE) test was used for determining the change in magnitude over the basin at 95% level of significance. The entire analysis was performed on a monthly, annual and seasonal (pre-monsoon, monsoon, post-monsoon and winter) basis. In this study, it was noticed that both positive and negative trends are detected in monthly and seasonal time series. It was also noticed that similar results have been estimated in MK, MMK and Sen's slope estimator tests during 1901–2013.
Experimental investigation of impact of length and height of parallel skimming walls on controlling inlet sediment to lateral intake
Authors: Farshidnia Sadegh , Saneie Mojtaba , Hajikandi Hooman , Rostami Mohammad
Published: February 2020

Parallel skimming walls are regarded as one of most applicable methods for gaining a decline in the amount of sediment entering a lateral intake. The parallel skimming walls are installed on the main channel, in front of the intake span, creating a rotational flow and diverting sediments from the intake span, and as a result a reduction in the amount of sediment entry into the intake can be realized. The present paper aims at experimentally studying the impact of length (L) and height (H) of parallel skimming walls, as well as the effect of discharge shifts associated with the main channel on controlling the inlet sediment into the intake. First, the impact of parallel skimming walls incorporating three lengths (L = 60 cm, 75 cm, 90 cm) in front of the intake is investigated, then the impact of skimming walls incorporating three heights (H = 2 cm, 4 cm, 6 cm) is scrutinized. After each test, the sediment volume entry (V) into the intake was measured. By performing dimensional analysis, dimensionless ratios were obtained and the relation between the variables was determined. The results demonstrated that in the case of parallel skimming walls, the increase in L and H leads to mitigation in the amount of inlet sediment into the intake. Moreover, there is a proper agreement between the procedure of this study and the previous ones.
Kentsel Metabolizma Kavramının Evrimi: Kentsel Metabolik Yönetişim
Authors: Akbaş İsmet
Published: February 2020

Bu çalışma, kentin kendine özgü bir ekosisteme sahip olmasından yola çıkarak yeni bir metabolik kentsel model önermektedir. Çalışmanın amacı, kentsel değişime bağlı olarak yeni bir metabolik yaklaşım ortaya koymaktır. Ağır antropik bir ortamda, kentsel dinamikleri ve süreçleri yönetmede daha etkili sonuçlar için geri bildirimler önemlidir. Bu modelde kentsel aktörler ve dinamikler kentsel planlama ve karar süreçlerinde önemli bir geri bildirim kaynağı olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Kentsel metobolik modele, yönetişim boyutunun eklenmesiyle, yerel grupların ihtiyaç ve beklentilerini içeren yeni bir yönetim modeli oluşturulmuştur. Bu makalede kentsel sürdürülebilirlik için kavramsal modelleme yöntemiyle yeni bir kentsel metabolik model geliştirilmiştir.
Surface-Engineered Cancer Nanomedicine: Rational Design and Recent Progress
Authors: Ahmad Javed , Ameeduzzafar  , Ahmad Mohammad Z. , Akhter Habban
Published: February 2020

:

Cancer is highly heterogeneous in nature and characterized by abnormal, uncontrolled cells’ growth. It
is responsible for the second leading cause of death in the world. Nanotechnology is explored profoundly for sitespecific
delivery of cancer chemotherapeutics as well as overcome multidrug-resistance (MDR) challenges in
cancer. The progress in the design of various smart biocompatible materials (such as polymers, lipids and inorganic
materials) has now revolutionized the area of cancer research for the rational design of nanomedicine by
surface engineering with targeting ligands. The small tunable size and surface properties of nanomedicines provide
the opportunity of multiple payloads and multivalent-ligand targeting to achieve drug efficacy even in MDR
cancer. Furthermore, efforts are being carried out for the development of novel nano-pharmaceutical design,
focusing on the delivery of therapeutic and diagnostic agents simultaneously which is called theranostics to assess
the progress of therapy in cancer. This review aimed to discuss the physicochemical manipulation of cancer
nanomedicine for rational design and recent progress in the area of surface engineering of nanomedicines to improve
the efficacy of cancer chemotherapeutics in MDR cancer as well. Moreover, the problem of toxicity of the
advanced functional materials that are used in nanomedicines and are exploited to achieve drug targeting in cancer
is also addressed.
Talin: A Potential Drug Target for Cancer Therapy
Authors: Malla Rama Rao , Vempati Rahul Kumar
Published: February 2020

Talin is an intracellular cytoskeletal protein and one of the major components of the focal adhesion complex.
It mainly acts as an interlink between transmembrane integrin receptors and cytosolic F-actin. Apart from integrins
and actin, it also interacts with various other proteins in the adhesion complex to regulate their functional
dynamics. Talin undergoes a variety of post-translational modifications and they are implicated in the control of cell
motility. There are two talin isoforms (talin1 and talin2) in mammals and they are encoded by TLN1 and TLN2
genes, respectively. Recent studies showed that both the isoforms have some mechanistic dissimilarities in terms of
their interaction with membrane-bound integrins. Among the two isoforms, talin1 was well studied, and most of the
information available till now comes from talin1. The present review is aimed to provide an updated overview on the
cellular significance of talin in normal and cancerous cells.
Stem Cells in Tumour Microenvironment Aid in Prolonged Survival Rate of Cancer Cells and Developed Drug Resistance: Major Challenge in Osteosarcoma Treatment
Authors: Birru Bhaskar , Durthi ChandraSai Potla , Kacham Santhosh , Pola Madhuri , Rajulapati Satish Babu , Parcha Sreenivasa Rao , Kamal Mohammad Amjad
Published: February 2020

Osteosarcoma is an aggressive bone cancer found in children and adolescents. The combined treatment
strategy includes the surgical removal of tumour and subsequent chemotherapy to prevent the reoccurrence has been
a widely accepted approach. However, the drug resistance developed by tumour cells causes recurrence of cancer. It
is imperative to understand the molecular mechanism involved in the development of drug resistance and tumour
progression for developing potential therapy. Tumour microenvironment and cellular cross-talk via activation of
various signalling pathways are responsible for tumour progression and metastasis. The comprehensive reviews are
already available on the tumour microenvironment, signalling cascades responsible for tumour progression, and
cellular crosstalk between malignant cells and immune cells. Therefore, we intend to provide comprehend review
postulating the importance of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in osteosarcoma progression and metastasis. This
paper is aimed to provide information sequentially includes: tumour microenvironment, MSCs role in osteosarcoma
progression, the hypoxic environment in MSCs recruitment at the tumour site and the importance of exosomes in
tumorigenesis, progression and metastasis. Overall, this review may enlighten the research on the role of MSCs and
MSCs derived exosome in osteosarcoma progression and drug resistance. This possibly may result in developing
novel therapeutic approaches to combat the osteosarcoma effectively and contributes for the development of prognosis
tools for early diagnosis.
Design and Synthesis of IMR-23, an Oxime Derived from Nitroimidazole as an Immunomodulatory Molecule
Authors: Sánchez-Pavón Esmeralda , López-Monteon Aracely , Hernández-Romero Delia , de la Soledad Lagunes-Castro María , Zanatta-García Dxinegueela Yolanda , Ramos-Ligonio Angel
Published: February 2020

Background:

Adjuvants have been obtained empirically by trial and error experiments and today, there is a tendency to the rational design of adjuvants candidates, which will increasingly achieve effective and safe products. The aim of this work was to design and evaluate the compound IMR-23 derived from nitroimidazole as an immunomodulatory molecule.

Material and Methods:

The IMR-23 molecule was obtained by a condensation reaction, cytotoxicity was tested by the sulforhodamine B assay. Adjuvanticity was evaluated in vivo and in vitro in J774A.1 cells and in the mouse model, respectively.

Results:

IMR-23 that did not show cytotoxicity on HeLa, Vero cells and macrophages J774A.1, was able to induce the production of molecules involved in the inflammatory process, such as cytokines and chemokines determined by ELISA, to induce the production of antibodies and to generate antigenspecific cells to ovalbumin and against the antigen GST-L1b.

Conclusions:

These results open the possibility of further studies to obtain a proper balance of immunogenicity- toxicity in the use of IMR-23 as an adjuvant molecule.