bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Path Planning and Energy Efficiency of Heterogeneous Mobile Robots Using Cuckoo–Beetle Swarm Search Algorithms with Applications in UGV Obstacle Avoidance
Authors: Chen Dechao , Wang Zhixiong , Zhou Guanchen , Li Shuai
Published: November 2022

In this paper, a new meta-heuristic path planning algorithm, the cuckoo–beetle swarm search (CBSS) algorithm, is introduced to solve the path planning problems of heterogeneous mobile robots. Traditional meta-heuristic algorithms, e.g., genetic algorithms (GA), particle swarm search (PSO), beetle swarm optimization (BSO), and cuckoo search (CS), have problems such as the tenancy to become trapped in local minima because of premature convergence and a weakness in global search capability in path planning. Note that the CBSS algorithm imitates the biological habits of cuckoo and beetle herds and thus has good robustness and global optimization ability. In addition, computer simulations verify the accuracy, search speed, energy efficiency and stability of the CBSS algorithm. The results of the real-world experiment prove that the proposed CBSS algorithm is much better than its counterparts. Finally, the CBSS algorithm is applied to 2D path planning and 3D path planning in heterogeneous mobile robots. In contrast to its counterparts, the CBSS algorithm is guaranteed to find the shortest global optimal path in different sizes and types of maps.
The Influencing Mechanisms on Global Industrial Value Chains Embedded in Trade Implied Carbon Emissions from a Higher-Order Networks Perspective
Authors: Li Congxin , Zhang Xu
Published: November 2022

As the division of labor in global industrial value chains deepens, the embedded relationships and carbon emission relationships among countries become more complex. First, calculate the embedding indices of forward and backward global industrial value chains and establish the Multi-Regional Input Output (MRIO) model to calculate trade-implied carbon emissions. Second, construct higher-order weighted networks characterized by hypergraphs from 2000 to 2018, and calculate a high-dimensional vector of characteristic indicators based on apices and hyperedges. Finally, time exponential random graph models are constructed using maximum pseudo-likelihood estimation and Markov Monte Carlo simulation methods to dynamically observe the evolution of the impact mechanism of forward and backward industrial value chains embedded in trade-implied carbon emissions networks. The conclusions obtained are as follows: First, most countries tend to develop backward industries when embedded in global industrial value chains. Second, based on the Global Industry Classification Standard (GICS) criteria, industries deeply embedded in global forward value chains are mainly concentrated in materials and utilities, etc., while industries more deeply embedded in global backward value chains are mainly concentrated in consumer discretionary and real estate industries, etc. Third, “carbon transfer” and “carbon leakage” gradually widen the gap between developed and developing countries, both on the production and consumption sides. Fourth, we decompose the factors influencing industrial carbon emissions into carbon intensity effects, industrial structure effects, and output scale effects and analyze their influence mechanisms. Fifth, for countries with different carbon flow attributes, their forward and backward embedded global industrial value chains have different effects on trade-implied carbon emissions. Sixth, the effective paths of trade that lead to a reduction in carbon emissions are different for countries with different carbon flow characteristics.
Sustaining Investigative Audit Quality through Auditor Competency and Digital Forensic Support: A Consensus Study
Authors: Susanto Hendra , Mulyani Sri , Sukmadilaga Citra , Ghani Erlane K.
Published: November 2022

The increased public awareness of the impact of fraudulent activities has put pressure on corporations to practise better corporate behaviour. As a result, their stakeholders demanded that corporations increase the level of transparency that pertains to their corporate behaviour and provide them with sustainable assurance. One of the ways that they can improve the way they conduct business is by ensuring that their investigative audits are of a high quality. In this study, we investigate the factors that influence the quality of investigative audits. In particular, two factors are chosen, namely, auditor competency and digital forensic support. Using a questionnaire survey as the research instrument, the questionnaires were distributed to 150 investigative auditors who worked for the Indonesian Audit Investigative Board (BPK). This study shows that both factors significantly and positively influence investigative audit quality. The findings of this study can help related parties to better understanding the factors that contribute to investigative auditing and, as a consequence, suggest ways to improve the investigative audit quality. For BPK, which has the authority to conduct audits of the management and accountability of state finances, the findings serve as a fundamental insight into sustaining work integrity and professionalism.
Numerical Investigation of the Ribs’ Shape, Spacing, and Height on Heat Transfer Performance of Turbulent Flow in a Flat Plate Heat Exchanger
Authors: Soliman Ahmed Saad , Xu Li , Dong Junguo , Cheng Ping
Published: November 2022

This paper presents a numerical study of detailed heat transfer and flow field characteristics in a flat plate heat exchanger with different types of ribs (rectangular and triangular) with different heights (H: 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10 mm) and spacings (S: 75, 95, 128, and 195 mm). A comprehensive numerical model was established and validated with experimental data in the literature, resulting in good agreement. The effects of the height, spacing, and shape of the ribs in addition to thermal-hydraulic parameters were investigated over two values of the Reynolds number (9880–3210). The results concluded that the highest values of the thermal-hydraulic parameters are 1.62 and 1.84 for the hot and cold air sides, in the rectangular ribs, with a thickness, height, and spacing of 75 mm, and 95 mm, respectively. It is worth mentioning that the rectangular ribs have the maximum value of thermal performance at the high and low values of the Reynolds number of turbulent flows. The present design can be used in waste heat recovery systems.
A Reliable Traceability Model for Grain and Oil Quality Safety Based on Blockchain and Industrial Internet
Authors: Xu Jiping , Han Jiaqi , Qi Zhibo , Jiang Zixuan , Xu Ke , Zheng Minzhang , Zhang Xin
Published: November 2022

Gain and oil are important compounds in global food supplies, and ensuring the quality and safety of grains and oil is a critical issue in the food supply chain security. Data traceability is the key factor in quality and safety management. Currently, it is a big challenge to ensure the reliability of data and guarantee the efficient exchange of data in various highly heterogeneous systems. To address this challenge, we develop a reliable traceability model applied to the grain and oil industry. In this paper, we first analyze the characteristics of the whole chain traceability information flow, and then we propose the concept that the connector for blockchain and industrial internet is suitable for data traceability in the grain and oil industry. Based on this concept, a reliable traceability model of grain and oil quality and safety is constructed. Finally, a reliable traceability prototype system for wheat quality and safety was designed, and the system implementation of the model was validated. The overall advantage of the proposed model is that the traceability information is safe and credible, the interaction is concise and efficient, and the security and full-process traceability of cross-chain information interaction are guaranteed. This paper fills the gap in the application of research chain network in the field of grain and oil traceability. Reference to this model can also be used to implement and adjust the traceability system, which is adaptable to stakeholders in the grain and oil industry. The model and techniques in this paper not only demonstrate value in real-world applications but also inspire further research in the field.
Can Environmental Regulation Drive the Environmental Technology Diffusion and Enhance Firms’ Environmental Performance in Developing Countries? Case of Olive Oil Industry in Morocco
Authors: Bounadi Imane , Allali Khalil , Fadlaoui Aziz , Dehhaoui Mohammed
Published: November 2022

Literature on the drivers of environmental technology has been increasing in recent years. However, few studies analyze the issue in developing countries. The main goals of understanding the drivers of, and obstacles to the ecological decisions made by firms, are to design efficient environmental regulatory instruments to achieve the environmental targets. This article analyzes the determinants, including the effects of environmental regulations, of the environmental technology adoption and improvement of environmental performance in the olive oil industry in managing the olive mills wastewater (OMWW). To meet our research objective, we applied a two-stage Heckman probit model to the data collected from 156 olive oil producers in three Moroccan provinces known by a high concentration of olive oil production activity. Our results showed that the environmental regulation is one main determinant of the adoption of environmental technology by olive oil producers. However, our findings indicate that the environmental regulation, as currently designed, is not strict enough to encourage producers to improve their environmental performance in the developmental context of this particular country. The conclusions of this research also suggest that the environmental performance of oil mills, while not explained by the severity of the environmental regulation, are influenced by other external and internal factors. On the one hand, the influence of the external environment of firms via the effect of external collaboration and international market orientation, and, on the other hand by internal factors related to environmental awareness of the producer and the firm’s technical competency. In the light of our findings, we recommend to the policy makers to carry out a reform of the regulatory measures through: (i) the implementation of the current legislation, (ii) designing an effective incentive system, combining better targeted green subsidy with an optimal tax on industrial wastewater discharge (iii) setting up programs to raise awareness and reinforce technical capacities.
Effects of Different Levels of Nitrogen Supply on Key Enzyme Activities of Nitrogen Metabolism and Growth Stimulation of Endive (Cichorium endivia L.)
Authors: Ma Yadong , Chai Yaqian , Guan Sihui , Tuerti Tayier , Liu Huiying , Zhang Zhijun , Diao Ming
Published: November 2022

In recent decades, people have blindly pursued increased yield; the excessive use of fertilizer not only causes the widespread waste of resources but also puts great pressure on environmental protection. In this study, to find out the optimum nitrogen application to endive crops under hydroponic conditions, this experiment was conducted to investigate the changes in nitrate reductase (NR), nitrite reductase (NiR), glutamine synthetase (GS), and glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) activities under different nitrogen supply levels, and to fit the equations between nitrogen supply levels and aboveground dry matter accumulation, the aboveground nitrogen accumulation, and the yield of endive crops. The results showed that the activities of the key enzymes of nitrogen metabolism were higher at nitrogen supply concentrations of 8 and 11 mmol·L−1. The dry matter and nitrogen accumulation of endive at different nitrogen supply levels were analyzed with the logistic model; the theoretical yield was found to be the highest at 9.935~11.448 mmol·L−1 of nitrogen application in the two different fertility trials by function fitting.
Impact of Public Service Quality on the Efficiency of the Water Industry: Evidence from 147 Cities in China
Authors: Chang Jian , Li Wanhua , Zhou Yaodong , Zhang Peng , Zhang Hengxin
Published: November 2022

Nowadays, water service marketization has become a global trend, and the quality of public services has gradually become an important factor affecting the input and output of urban water utilities. This paper defines the connotation of service quality at the technical and public aspects innovatively, builds on the service quality system of water utilities, establishes the relationship between the quality and output efficiency model, and studies the impact of service quality on the efficiency of water utilities. Then, based on 147 cities’ water supply data during the 2005–2016 period in China, the data envelopment analysis model and Tobit panel data model were used in the empirical research to measure the efficiency characterized by the quality dimension. The results show that: (1) The service quality of the water industry is reflected in two aspects: technical and publicity. At the technical level, the service quality of the water industry can be represented by the supply capacity of water and infrastructure, and at the public level, by the penetration rate. (2) The overall comprehensive efficiency of urban water utilities in China is in the middle level of 0.5–0.7, the scale efficiency is at a high level of 0.8–1, and the pure technical efficiency is relatively low. The opportunity cost of maintaining service quality in China’s water sector is 5.21% of the potential output. (3) Public service quality is significantly positively correlated with the efficiency of China’s water utilities, and the improvement of service quality will promote the improvement of efficiency.
Micromunicipality (MM) and Inner Areas in Italy: A Challenge for National Land Policy
Authors: Romano Bernardino , Zullo Francesco , Fiorini Lorena , Montaldi Cristina
Published: November 2022

The following paper examines urban and territorial planning in Italy, where decision-making is entrusted almost exclusively to the almost 8000 small municipalities present in the country. Plans for and the transformation of built-up areas, infrastructure and social services of all types, and serving all purposes in a national territory of more than 300,000 square kilometers, are controlled by a multitude of Mayors, Boards and Municipal Councils that govern plots of land consisting of polygons of a few kilometers per side. This is generally achieved using urban planning tools developed without any general rule or protocol. Often, most of their content is even ignored as a result of national legislation that weakens them, making them largely irrelevant. This is a European example of urban mismanagement that should be brought to the wider attention of the European technical–scientific community because the debate developed so far on this topic—even by eminent and authoritative urban planners—has been almost entirely published in Italian only. Public and political attention around the issue is still extremely limited, although the serious effects of this “molecular planning” are beginning to be perceived: unjustified overurbanization and very disorganized, extremely energy-intensive and ecosystemically destructive urban layouts that are completely at odds with the public interests of environmental and urban quality. In the following paper, we make some comparisons with other European countries and outline some possible directions—certainly very difficult to follow—to rethink and remedy these negative effects.
Green Composites from Thiophene Chalcones and Rice Husk Lignin: An Alternative of Powder for Latent Fingermark
Authors: da Rosa Bruno Nunes , da Rosa Marcelo Pereira , Poletti Tais , de Lima Nathalia Pereira Koltz , Maron Guilherme Kurz , Lopes Bruno Vasconcellos , de Cássia Mariotti Kristiane , Beck Paulo Henrique , Carreno Neftali Lenin Villarreal , de Pereira Claudio Martin Pereira
Published: November 2022

This study reports a route to obtaining a novel and cost-effective rice husk-derived lignin/thiophene chalcone green composite for application in forensic science as a fingermark developer through high energy milling. The material was properly characterized by UV-Vis, IR, fluorescence, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The product provided clear and sharp images of latent fingermarks with minimal background staining, revealing all ridge details. Thus, the composite presented good performance as a fingermark developer, becoming an interesting alternative to being applied as a technological, reproducible and renewable product.
MHD and Thermal Slip Effects on Viscous Fluid over Symmetrically Vertical Heated Plate in Porous Medium: Keller Box Analysis
Authors: Ullah Zia , Bilal Muhammad , Sarris Ioannis E. , Hussanan Abid
Published: November 2022

The heat transfer characteristics along the non-magnetized shapes have been performed in various previous studies numerically. Due to excessive heating, these mechanisms are less interesting in engineering and industrial processes. In the current analysis, the surface is magnetized, and the fluid is electrically conducting, which is responsible for reducing excessive heating along the surface. The main objective of the present work is to analyze convective heat transfer analysis of viscous fluid flow with thermal slip and thermal radiation effects along the vertical symmetric heated plate immersed in a porous medium numerically. The results are deduced for viscous flow along a magnetized heated surface. The theoretical mechanism of heat and magnetic intensity along a vertical surface is investigated for numerical analysis. The nonlinear-coupled partial differential equations (PDEs) for the above viscous fluid flow mechanism with the symmetry of the conditions normal to the surface are transformed and then converted into non-similar formulations by applying appropriate and well-known similarity transformations for integration and solutions. The final non-similar equations are numerically integrated by employing the Keller box method. The discretized algebraic equations are plotted graphically and numerically on the MATLAB R2013a software package. The main finding of the current analysis is to compute physical quantities such as velocity graph, magnetic field graph, and temperature plot along with their slopes, that is, skin friction, magnetic intensity, and heat transfer for different parameters included in the flow model. First, the velocity graph, magnetic field graph, and temperature graph are obtained, and then their slopes are analyzed numerically along the vertical magnetic surface. It is noticed that fluid velocity is increased at lower magnetic force, but minimum velocity is noticed at maximum magnetic force. It is worth mentioning that with the increase in magnetic force, the magnetic energy increases, which extracts the kinetic energy of the fluid and causes the above-said behavior. Furthermore, the current issues have significant implications for the polymer industries, glass fiber production, petroleum production, fiber spinning, plastic film production, polymer sheet extraction, heat exchangers, catalytic reactors, and the production of electronic devices.
Analysis of Toxic Heavy Metals in the Pellets of Owls: A Novel Approach for the Evaluation of Environmental Pollutants
Authors: Nazneen Sultan , Jayakumar Samidurai , Albeshr Mohammed , Mahboob Shahid , Manzoor Irfan , Pandiyan Jeganathan , Krishnappa Kaliyamoorthy , Rajeswary Mohan , Govindarajan Marimuthu
Published: November 2022

Massive quantities of unadvisable synthetic pesticides are used in modern agricultural industries in order to increase productivity to convene food demands. Wild birds are an excellent bio-indicator of environmental contaminations as pesticides and heavy metals are intentionally highly hazardous pollutants. Considerably, raptorial birds (owls) attract consumers in the food chain and food web because they have wider forager and foraging grounds. In the current investigation, owl pellets were used as a viable tool and novel approach to detecting environmental contaminants. In total, 30 pellets comprising five species were collected from selected farmlands, and 11 metals (Cr, Mn, Co, Mo, Se, V, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn, and Fe) were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Undeniably, the Brown Fish Owl showed more metal accumulation than the Barn Owl, Spotted Owl, Indian Eagle Owl, and Mottled Wood Owl. Among the species, the levels of metals such as Manganese (Mn), Molybdenum (Mo), Vanadium (V), Copper (Cu) and Zinc (Zn) varied significantly (p < 0.05). Nonetheless, the research revealed that the agroecosystem was contaminated with heavy metals. The present outcome highlights that the management of the environment, especially the agroecosystem, must be examined with a careful assessment of contaminants, and it is a vital resource for human and other related wildlife faunal communities.
Density Matrix Formalism for Interacting Quantum Fields
Authors: Käding Christian , Pitschmann Mario
Published: November 2022

We provide a description of interacting quantum fields in terms of density matrices for any occupation numbers in Fock space in a momentum basis. As a simple example, we focus on a real scalar field interacting with another real scalar field, and present a practicable formalism for directly computing the density matrix elements of the combined scalar–scalar system. For deriving the main formula, we use techniques from non-equilibrium quantum field theory like thermo-field dynamics and the Schwinger–Keldysh formalism. Our results allow for studies of particle creation/annihilation processes at finite times and other non-equilibrium processes, including those found in the theory of open quantum systems.
Clinical Epidemiology, Pathology, and Molecular Investigation of Lumpy Skin Disease Outbreaks in Bangladesh during 2020–2021 Indicate the Re-Emergence of an Old African Strain
Authors: Parvin Rokshana , Chowdhury Emdadul Haque , Islam Md Taohidul , Begum Jahan Ara , Nooruzzaman Mohammed , Globig Anja , Dietze Klaas , Hoffmann Bernd , Tuppurainen Eeva
Published: November 2022

Lumpy skin disease (LSD) emerged in Bangladesh in mid-2019, leading to great economic losses for cattle farmers. This study describes the recent occurrence of the LSDV in Bangladesh and examines the clinical manifestation of the disease in local cattle breeds, characteristic epidemiological features, and pathological findings in affected animals. In addition, a full-genome sequencing of two local LSDV isolates was carried out. A total of 565 animals from 88 households were investigated, and 165 samples (skin lesions, saliva, nasal discharge, feces, and milk) were collected for virus detection. Pathology and immunohistochemistry were performed on nodule biopsies. Fever, nodular skin lesions, and swelling of the joints were the most common clinical manifestations. Skin lesions had a higher concentration of viral DNA compared to other sample types and were therefore selected for virus isolation and characterization. Pathology of the LSD skin nodules comprised a granulomatous reaction in the dermis and hypodermis that extended to the surrounding tissues. Development of the skin lesions started with swelling of keratinocytes with cytoplasmic vacuolation, vasculitis, panniculitis, thrombosis, and infarction. Altogether, the LSDV produced transmural, hemorrhagic, necrotizing, proliferative and ulcerative dermatitis. The LSD viral antigen was detected occasionally in the macrophages, epithelial cells, and vascular smooth muscle cells. The complete genome sequence analysis revealed that the two Bangladeshi field strains (BD-V392.1 and BD-V395.1) were distinct from the contemporary field strains and were closely related to the ancestral African Neethling strain. The findings of this study will improve the diagnosis, monitoring, and control of LSD in Bangladesh.
Twitter-Based Sentiment Analysis and Topic Modeling of Social Media Posts Using Natural Language Processing, to Understand People’s Perspectives Regarding COVID-19 Booster Vaccine Shots in India: Crucial to Expanding Vaccination Coverage
Authors: SV Praveen , Lorenz Jose Manuel , Ittamalla Rajesh , Dhama Kuldeep , Chakraborty Chiranjib , Kumar Daruri Venkata Srinivas , Mohan Thivyaa
Published: November 2022

This study analyzed perceptions of Indians regarding COVID-19 booster dose vaccines using natural language processing techniques, particularly, sentiment analysis and topic modeling. We analyzed tweets generated by Indian citizens for this study. In late July 2022, the Indian government hastened the process of COVID-19 booster dose vaccinations. Understanding the emotions and concerns of the citizens regarding the health policy being implemented will assist the government, health policy officials, and policymakers implement the policy efficiently so that desired results can be achieved. Seventy-six thousand nine hundred seventy-nine tweets were used for this study. The sentiment analysis study revealed that out of those 76,979 tweets, more than half (n = 40,719 tweets (52.8%) had negative sentiments, 24,242 tweets (31.5%) had neutral sentiments, and 12,018 tweets (15.6%) had positive sentiments. Social media posts by Indians on the COVID-19 booster doses have focused on the feelings that younger people do not need vaccines and that vaccinations are unhealthy.
Trained Immunity as a Prospective Tool against Emerging Respiratory Pathogens
Authors: Joseph John
Published: November 2022

Although parental vaccines offer long-term protection against homologous strains, they rely exclusively on adaptive immune memory to produce neutralizing antibodies that are ineffective against emerging viral variants. Growing evidence highlights the multifaceted functions of trained immunity to elicit a rapid and enhanced innate response against unrelated stimuli or pathogens to subsequent triggers. This review discusses the protective role of trained immunity against respiratory pathogens and the experimental models essential for evaluating novel inducers of trained immunity. The review further elaborates on the potential of trained immunity to leverage protection against pathogens via the molecular patterns of antigens by pathogen recognition receptors (PPRs) on innate immune cells. The review also focuses on integrating trained innate memory with adaptive memory to shape next-generation vaccines by coupling each one’s unique characteristics.
Vaccinating Meat Chickens against Campylobacter and Salmonella: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Castelo Taboada Adriana C. , Pavic Anthony
Published: November 2022

Foodborne enteritis is a major disease burden globally. Two of the most common causative bacterial enteropathogens in humans are Campylobacter and Salmonella species which are strongly associated with the consumption of raw or contaminated chicken. The poultry industry has approached this issue by use of a multi-hurdle method across the production chain to reduce or eliminate this risk. The use of poultry vaccines is one of these control methods. A systematic review and meta-analysis of vaccination effects against caecal Campylobacter and Salmonella were performed on primary research published between 2009 and 2022. Screening was conducted by three reviewers with one reviewer performing subsequent data extraction and one reviewer performing the risk of bias assessment. The confidence in cumulative evidence was evaluated based on the GRADE method. Meta-analyses were performed using standardised mean differences (SMDs) with additional analyses and random effects regression models on intervention effects grouped by the vaccine type. A total of 13 Campylobacter and 19 Salmonella studies satisfied the eligibility criteria for this review. Many studies included multi-arm interventions, resulting in a total of 25 Campylobacter and 34 Salmonella comparators which were synthesised. The analyses revealed a large reduction in pathogen levels; however, many effects required statistical adjustment due to unit of analysis errors. There was a moderate level of confidence in the reduction of Campylobacter by 0.93 SMD units (95% CI: −1.275 to −0.585; p value < 0.001) and a very low level of confidence in the reduction of Salmonella by 1.10 SMD units (95% CI: −1.419 to −0.776; p value < 0.001). The Chi2 test for heterogeneity (p value 0.001 and <0.001 for Campylobacter and Salmonella, respectively) and the I2 statistic (52.4% and 77.5% for Campylobacter and Salmonella, respectively) indicated high levels of heterogeneity in the SMDs across the comparators. The certainty of gathered evidence was also affected by a high risk of study bias mostly due to a lack of detailed reporting and, additionally for Salmonella, the presence of publication bias. Further research is recommended to source areas of heterogeneity, and a conscious effort to follow reporting guidelines and consider units of analysis can improve the strength of evidence gathered to provide recommendations to the industry.
Does Measles, Mumps, and Rubella (MMR) Vaccination Protect against COVID-19 Outcomes: A Nationwide Cohort Study
Authors: Kolla Epiphane , Weill Alain , Desplas David , Semenzato Laura , Zureik Mahmoud , Grimaldi Lamiae
Published: November 2022

Cross-protection from previous live attenuated vaccines is proposed to explain the low impact of COVID-19 on children. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of live attenuated MMR vaccines on the risk of being hospitalized for COVID-19 in children. An exposed (MMR vaccine)–non-exposed cohort study was conducted using the nationwide French National Health Data System (SNDS). We included children born between 1 January 2009 and 31 December 2019. Exposure was defined as a claim of at least one dose of MMR vaccine since birth. Hospitalization for COVID-19 was defined using main diagnostic ICD10 codes. Non-conditional logistic regression was used to calculate the adjusted odds ratios (aORs) of the association between MMR exposure and hospitalization for COVID-19, controlling for socio-demographic and socio-economic factors, co-morbidities, and general health. In total, 6,800,542 (median age 6 IQR [3–8] years) children exposed to a MMR vaccine and 384,162 (6 [3–9] years) not exposed were followed up with for 18 months. Among them, 873 exposed to the MMR vaccine and 38 who were not exposed were hospitalized for COVID-19. In a multi-variate analysis, the exposure of children to MMR vaccination was not associated with a decreased risk of COVID-19 hospitalization versus non-exposure (aOR (95%CI) = 1.09 [0.81–1.48]). A stratified analysis by age showed an aOR = 1.03 [0.64–1.66] for children aged 1–4, an aOR = 1.38 [0.82–2.31] for those aged 5–9, and an aOR = 1.11 [0.54–2.29] for those aged 10–12. Our study suggests that the live attenuated MMR vaccine does not protect children against COVID-19 hospitalization.
Energy and Climate Change: Modeling the Relationship
Authors:   National Research Nuclear University MEPhI., Tupchienko Vitalii A.
Published: November 2022

Assessing feasibility and possible consequences of integrated energy consumption regulation requires the creation of hybrid model complexes that combine climate modeling, energy modelling and economic modeling as well as investment in the development of certain technologies and areas. These model complexes allow to build various long-term development scenarios for the world and individual regions and countries, to assess the impact of introduced policies and regulation methods on all stakeholders and on the economy and public welfare in general. The paper describes the basic approaches to modeling and also considers in detail the European set of models and the main results that it provides at the output. Taking into account this foreign experience in developing assessments of the economic consequences of climate change and decarbonization, according to the author, will be useful for Russia.
Contemporary Narratives for Applying International Economic Sanctions
Authors:   State University of Management, Smirnov Evgenii N.
Published: November 2022

Recently the role of sanction restrictions has sharply increased in the practice of regulating economic relations between countries, meanwhile their application is determined by many factors. At the same time, in the context of intensifying geopolitical competition and growing volatility of the global economy, the dynamics of sanctions application raises more and more questions. On the one hand, economic sanctions are an instrument of coercion for target countries, and on the other hand they make international exchange and cross-border mobility of the factor more and more vulnerable. Heterogeneous nature of the economic sanctions’ impact on sending and target countries does not allow us to say that sanctions are an unambiguous instrument of an effective trade policy. This article analyzes the key narratives of economic sanctions regimes in all their diversity at the present stage, new forms and mechanisms of sanctions, as well as their consequences for various aspects of life of the world community.
New Energy and Raw Material Currency Unit for International Trade Settlements
Authors:   New Technologies Ltd., Chizhikov Grigory V.
Published: November 2022

The article elaborates in detail the project of creating a neutral international currency for settlements in international trade — ERMU (Energy and Raw Material Unit), the purchasing power of which does not depend on political and economic actions of any country, nor on the exchange rate of national currencies. ERMU isn’t bound to any national currency, its purchasing power is nominated in a strictly specified amount of basic export energy raw materials of world trade — gas, oil, coal, ferrous and non-ferrous metals, mineral fertilizers, wheat and gold. Switching of international trade to ERMU will allow us to avoid the dictatorship of dollar and euro and to break the unnatural order in international trade, established after the Second World War, under which all countries traded with each other for the national currency of one country — the US dollar. In addition, the introduction of the ERMU will render meaningless any arrests and confiscation by Western countries of the assets of countries and individuals objectionable to them.
Determination of sugar content in flowers and herbs of scentless chamomile (Tripleurospermum inodorum (L.) Sch. Bip.)
Authors:   Institute of Biochemical Technology and Nanotechnology, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Marakhova A. I. , Zhilkina V. Yu. ,   Institute of Biochemical Technology and Nanotechnology, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Elapov A. A. ,   Institute of Biochemical Technology and Nanotechnology, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia
Published: November 2022

Tripleurospermum inodorum (L.) Sch. Bip. is not used in Russian official medicine, however, this plant is extensively used in folk medicine. Previously, we proved the effect of scentless chamomile extracts on the growth suppression of such microorganisms as Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans. It is topical to study the composition of polysaccharides and free sugars, which can have an antimicrobial effect, according to the literature data. The analysis has indicated that scentless chamomile flowers are richer in polysaccharides (2.58±0.04) than the herbs (1.68±0.05); the flowers also contain more sucrose and glucose. In terms of fructose content, herbs and flowers of scentless chamomile practically do not differ.
Mulheres líderes partidárias: estudo sobre os entraves e incentivos à representação de mulheres em nível local
Authors:   , Silva Brenda Rodrigues Barreto
Published: November 2022

O espaço ocupado por mulheres nos partidos políticos brasileiros é uma agenda de pesquisa pouco desenvolvida atualmente. Levando em consideração a necessidade de olhar para os governos subnacionais, este trabalho irá se voltar para o estudo da representação de mulheres nos partidos políticos nos municípios brasileiros. O objetivo é verificar padrões que possibilitem maior representação de mulheres nos partidos políticos em nível local e a associação entre características organizacionais dos partidos que favoreçam seu melhor desempenho eleitoral. Para isso, busquei analisar a existência de nexos entre três dimensões: (1) o desempenho eleitoral das mulheres, (2) a presença de mulheres nos órgãos diretivos dos partidos e em cargos com acesso a poder e recursos; e (3) os traços organizacionais dos partidos políticos. O argumento central aqui debatido é o de que há algum tipo de continuidade entre essas dimensões: partidos com características organizacionais mais favoráveis à representação das mulheres também seriam os partidos com maior presença de mulheres nos órgãos diretivos e em cargos de destaque e seriam ainda os que mais elegeriam mulheres. O estudo realizado consiste em uma análise comparada de alguns casos, que busca identificar variações concomitantes que possam indicar a existência de associações entre variáveis. Os partidos políticos brasileiros escolhidos para verificar a coerência das hipóteses levantadas foram MDB, PSD, PP, PTC, DC e PRTB. Os achados apontam singularidades no funcionamento dos mecanismos institucionais em nível local e indicam a necessidade de entender o processo de retroalimentação entre a presença de mulheres e a adoção dos dispositivos institucionais favoráveis às mulheres por meio de pesquisas pautadas pelas análises de trajetórias.
Síntese por CVD do Disseleneto de Molibdênio (MoSe2) e quantificação de defeitos estruturais por espectroscopia Raman
Authors:   , Maia Fábio Cardoso Ofredi
Published: November 2022

Este trabalho teve por objetivo o estudo de dicalcogenetos de metais de transição. No decorrer desta atividade foi possível construir o saber para síntese do MoSe2 por Deposição Química a Vapor em substrato de Si/SiO2 sem pré-tratamento. Foi possível obter controle do nível de cobertura do substrato com cristais de MoSe2, além do tamanho e forma de diversas formas cristalográficas em função da pressão parcial de H2. Além disso, realizamos o estudo de defeitos pontuais criados em monocamadas triangulares de MoSe2 por feixe de íons de hélio, possibilitando a identificação de novas bandas de defeitos no espectro Raman desse material.
Buracos de minhoca e condições de energia
Authors:   , Santos Mateus Pereira dos
Published: November 2022

Neste trabalho, tratamos de buracos de minhoca com geometria esfericamente simétricas, estáticos e estacionários. Discutimos que para um buraco de minhoca ser de fato uma passagem entre dois universos assintoticamente planos, é necessário que exista um alargamento da garganta na região de raio r0. E mediante as equações de campo de Einstein para esse buraco de minhoca, observa-se que a matéria que gera o buraco de minhoca, satisfazendo a condição de alargamento da garganta, tem como característica violar as até então consagradas condições de energia, sendo chamada portanto de matéria exótica. No entanto, esse tipo de matéria não é a única fonte a violar as condições de energia. Campos escalares com acoplamento mínimo, por exemplo, já são capazes de tais violações. Além disso, apresentamos aqui outra geometria que caracteriza um buraco de minhoca, mais especi camente, um buraco de minhoca com rotação, o que ainda assim, compõe uma in nidade de métricas possíveis, sendo cada uma delas caracterizadas pela especi cação das funções métricas, e tais especi cações dependerão dos propósitos. Essas funções devem obedecer certas propriedades que são impostas a m de gerarem soluções sicamente aceitáveis das equações de campo de Einstein.
Gravidade do Acidente Vascular Cerebral e desfecho funcional na alta hospitalar de indivíduos submetidos à trombólise: estudo piloto
Authors: Oliveira Francisco Robson , Reis dos Santos Marilucia , Pereira Rosa de Castro Isabella , Das Mercês Silva Alana , Da Silva Bernardes Lemuel Victor , Ferreira do Nascimento Carla , Motta dos Anjos Jorge Luís
Published: November 2022

Introdução. O Acidente Vascular Cerebral (AVC) está entre as principais causas de morbimortalidade no mundo. A terapia trombolítica apresenta-se como o principal tratamento na fase aguda e pode melhorar substancialmente o prognóstico funcional dos sobreviventes. Objetivos. Investigar a correlação entre a gravidade do AVC isquêmico nas primeiras horas após o tratamento trombolítico e o nível funcional na alta hospitalar. Método. Trata-se de um estudo observacional longitudinal, realizado em um hospital da rede pública estadual. Os pacientes foram avaliados após a trombólise com a Escala de AVC do National Institutes of Health (NIHSS) e após sete dias ou na alta da unidade foram reavaliados com a Escala de Avaliação Postural para Pacientes após AVC (EAPA) e a Escala de Rankin Modificada (ERM), para determinação do desfecho funcional. Para análise da correlação foi utilizado o coeficiente de Spearman. Resultados. A amostra incluiu 34 pacientes, majoritariamente do sexo masculino (55,9%) e com faixa etária ≥60 anos (61,8%). Observou-se uma correlação negativa entre a gravidade do AVC após a trombólise e a EAPA na alta hospitalar (Rho=-0,427; p=0,022), indicando que indivíduos com AVC mais graves, mesmo após a trombólise, tem em média pior controle postural na alta hospitalar. Com relação a ERM foi observada associação positiva (Rho=0,532; p=0,002), indicando que AVC mais graves levam, em média, à piores desfechos funcionais na alta. Conclusão. A gravidade do AVC isquêmico na admissão hospitalar se correlaciona com o desfecho funcional e o controle postural dos pacientes no momento da alta.
Análise da eficácia do tratamento psiquiátrico em pessoas que sofrem com o transtorno de dependência ao álcool: Uma revisão sistemática integrativa
Authors: Almeida Alexandro Barreto , De Morais Davi Medeiros , Matsunaga Marcela Aya Coelho
Published: November 2022

Dependência de Álcool tem sido um problema que acomete cada vez o Brasil e tende a se agravar cada vez mais, o consumo exacerbado de álcool, pode gerar diversos problemas de saúde, tanto agudos como crônicos da pessoa. Assim, são utilizados diversos métodos para tratar essas pessoas e diminuir o uso de álcool na população, dentre esses, podem ser utilizados diversos fármacos para inibir o consumo pelas pessoas e reduzir o número de indivíduos com dependência ao álcool. Desse modo,foi realizada uma revisão integrativa com base em pesquisas das bases eletrônicas de dados a seguir: US National Library of Medicine (PubMed); Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciElo); Sendo que, a amostra final foi de 18 artigos. Os descritores foram: transtorno de dependência ao álcool, tratamento psiquiátrico de dependência ao álcool, epidemiologia da dependência ao álcool.  Os resultados, demonstram que o tratamento psiquiátrico com as drogas estudadas (naltrexona, dissulfiram e acamprosato) têm resultado efetivo no tratamento do transtorno de dependência ao álcool.
Оптимізація траєкторії руху датчиків з урахуванням важливості ділянок території моніторингу та ймовірності виявлення об’єктів
Authors: Петрівський Ярослав Борисович , Петрівський Володимир Ярославович , Шевченко Віктор Леонідович , Сініцин Ігор Петрович
Published: November 2022

У зв’язку з поширенням використання датчиків у задачах збору та обробки даних одними із ключових критеріїв є об’єм накопиченої інформації та енергоефективність. Під час моніторингу території поширений рух об’єктів дослідження, в результаті можлива зміна ймовірності їх виявлення у ділянці території. Також ділянки території можуть бути різної важливості. Врахування даних факторів суттєво збільшить кількість накопиченої інформації. Представлено метод побудови оптимальної траєкторії руху датчиків з урахуванням важливості ділянок території та ймовірності виявлення об’єктів. Метод ґрунтується на представленні розподілу ймовірності виявлення об’єктів та важливості ділянок території у вигляді шарів та їх об’єднання у шар ймовірної цінності виявлених об’єктів. Розглянуто сім класів ймовірної цінності виявлених об’єктів з відповідними числовими та графічними еквівалентами. Під оптимальною траєкторією розглядаємо траєкторію руху датчика, що забезпечує мінімальні енерговитрати. Енергоефективність досягається шляхом побудови траєкторії мінімальної довжини. Задача побудови траєкторії мінімальної довжини, що проходить всі задані точки, знаходиться як розв’язок задачі комівояжера. Набір точок, за якими будується траєкторія, формується на основі шару ймовірної цінності виявлених об’єктів після проведення процедури заміни вузлів. Для кожного класу ймовірної цінності виявлених об’єктів запропоновано окремий клас заміни вузлів або суперпозицію класів їх заміни. Описано заміну п’яти, трьох та двох вузлів. Для пошуку розв’язку представленої задачі використано генетичний алгоритм з модифікацією правил схрещування та селекції. З використанням запропонованого алгоритму побудовано сімейство траєкторій. Аналіз отриманих результатів підтвердив ефективність розробленого методу та дозволив збільшити енергоефективність при покритті конкретної території на 76 %.
CHANGES IN THE PHYSIOLOGY OF THE THYROID GLAND IN PREGNANCY AND THE NEED FOR TRIMESTER-SPECIFIC REFERENCE VALUES IN THYROID STATUS: A REVIEW
Authors: Markova (Baldzieva) Sanja , Jovevska Svetlana
Published: November 2022

Pregnancy is a unique state of the female organism in which occur physiological changes that arenecessary to maintain the pregnancy. To be able to respond to the increased metabolic needs of pregnancy and tomaintain an adequate level of thyroid hormones in the blood, the thyroid gland responds with changes in its functionand anatomy as well. Changes in thyroid function are mainly associated with increased levels of thyroxine-bindingglobulins in the blood. Their level increases as a result of estrogen stimulation in pregnancy and they are synthesizedin the liver. Changes in the physiology of the thyroid gland during pregnancy also occur as a result of stimulation ofthe TSH receptors of the gland by the human chorionic gonadotropin hormone (hCG) which is secreted by theplacental trophoblast.Due to the difference in the physiology of the thyroid gland in and outside of pregnancy, a special interpretation ofthe results of functional thyroid tests is required. Changes in hormone values are transitory, especially expressed inthe first trimester of pregnancy. A healthy pregnant patient without thyroid pathology or disease compensates forthose changes and a sufficient amount of thyroid hormones is produced. The presence of thyroid hormones in anoptimal concentration in the blood maintains a successful pregnancy and secures normal neurological developmentof the fetus. Diseases of the thyroid gland lead to a decrease its compensatory ability during pregnancy and thecontributes to the inability to respond to the increased metabolic needs that follow.The motive for this paper are the pregnant patients with undiagnosed or unrecognized thyroid gland diseases beforepregnancy, where we encounter conditions when the thyroid gland cannot respond to the physiological changes thatoccur. One of the negative outcomes of this condition can be spontaneous pregnancy loss in the first trimester.Therefore, a special interpretation of the thyroid status in pregnancy is needed and the introduction of constantreference values that will apply only to pregnancy.World recommendations designate reference values for TSH and thyroid hormones respectively for each trimester ofpregnancy, the so-called trimester-specific reference values. In case of absence of trimester-specific referencevalues, there are recommendations regarding the special interpretation of thyroid function tests and reference values;as well as recommendations for using adjusted values according to demographic characteristics that will apply to alltrimesters. This review of literature recommendations would help in the management of patients in order to achievean optimal serum level of thyroid-stimulating hormone and achieve a successful pregnancy, thus imposing the needto introduce recommendations in our laboratories for thyroid analysis values specific to pregnancy, which will differfrom those for the non-pregnant population